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Сũ
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ݼ飺
һ⣬һƵƽ硣
סСˮͬԴ¡һũׯе
иζʳģصĻׯޣԼִ˵
ũׯȫÿ춼Ŵοͷ׷ǰ
Ͼ֮࣬дͯΪͯдΪʦ
дʫд衢д籾ĵӰõϵľ䣬֡
СũҲȫΰǣ


һ ƽ

ĳ·ϣһ20˿͵аͳʻ
ĳ˿ʹ󶼻˯żѵˣҲֻ
û⣬῿αϣŴЩ
25꣬ѧҵһֱʡǴƴǴеѧ֮һĸҲǵԺһڣصҲĴкѧ˰
ǣѧôأʡô꣬һֱûг󣬺ò׽һҴҵΪļʱȴǰ챻ˡ
Ϊײľ§һŮȣǸŮˣǾš
أ˸ɣˡ
ǸѪŶΡ
ȻЩᷳˣеķ׷ţؼһʱ䣬ȥ㸸ĸȻٺúüƻһԼĽ
ţͻȻоǰһ׹Ӧ׹û壬ʧ
ţоԼʶһƬģܿʲôҲ֪ˡ

ؿվ
ܹЩİǣŽ̵ֱﴫİĸЩãȻ
ѵǴԽˣ³ѾȥСʱˣɸеЩ˼顣
ԽİǰС˵ʱ򣬾ǴԽ
ѵһΣԼҲǣ
аͳϣԼΪһ׹ԣʱûʲô仯ԱߵӻǸӡôһ³͸о綼һأ
ھСʱĻ壬ѾľֱƽֻͨȷԼĸĸˡѻǰһûиı䡣Ҳ֪Ҫȥһжǰһ
ƽ
µľǴԽԼĸĸ˶ˡԼĸĸʧȥԼ¶
ãֻҪԼѻڣǲôı䣬¡
ң˵⻹ǸıԼһμء
С˵ЩǣΪŸıԼ
ڣ찲Ҳǰĸ֡ȻǰԼŮҲûҵԼн壬ʱ̹ԼļˡδؾͲһָ֡
Ȼ찲ţӦȥ˽һ硣
˽ѡȻ硣

ǴԽ˰
һҳһ߸̾Ǹİ׹⣬ʲô
Ѳǵ򣬶ǡ
ڵĹҽ񹲺͹ƻȻ˿Ĺң20ڡ
ʷչ󲿷Ҳǰǳƣֱ峯ĩ֮󣬲ԵĲ̫ͬƷͳΣ˸ߣֱӽ˻񹲺͹֮һֱȶչ֮СںһսսУҲһֱǿĽɫڣǾ¡ƼǾõ򣬶綥֮ǿ֮һ
Сķ棬ʷչǰЩˡ
񻰴˵ǰȾһЩʫҲһЩƷ
ûоĴ
ʫδʣȴûסŸ׾סʫ̳޽
Ҳûнӹҡ
ѧҲûг֣еС˵ϧǣɱ֮󣬾ҲûгֹС˵ˡ
һЩţ
̳ºƽǡ
һ߾Ө¸跴ƽƽԺҵĽӰӷ档
Ҷ޺ʽ
Сͯ࣬ʽͯ־硣
ʫʴὫħС


ԽԽǷ֣ڵĻ˵ƼͻͽĻ棬ȽС˵Ӱӵȷ棬ǰűȽϴĲࡣ
Щ߹Ȼиġ
ҰǰЩƷƵ磬֪ʲôӡǮǱ˵СȥƬо
뵽ֲ˸ˣȲЩӻģʲôҲ벻ȻؼңúϢһ£ϸԺķչȻ찲һôҲָܶߵְҵǡ
ʱҲˣȻؼҰɡ
ǰȥվӡ
ţòûʲôı䡣еԼݣ̸϶˧ȴҲٶǷƤֳеĽɫ
ϸһʵĵͷ
ļҲس棬Ҫתһ˳ܵ
˵سǵֱڵأûб䣬׾ҵ˻Ŀͳ
ϼλ̫ƽɽʥ壬һɽˮĵطӱİɽسҲСżгȥ档
ؼҿףôãһҪ飿


ڶ ؼ
Լ1Сʱյվɽ缯˳
ɽλضϲسǴԼ20ɽϽ塣ڵʥһ
ɽ缯һߵϣңңԶİɽ
ֵʮֽ棬ҲСǸϼҪط
ûмŻȥ׼ڽתת뿴кͼеӣûʲô
ڽתһȦڼеͣ
һѧУɽѧУ
СѧͳоɹϤİѧУЩ
ǰҲãҲգվǳˡҲܣЩһЦˣˡ
ҼǵҵնˣӦþѧУ棬ҪҪȥ
ԥ֮ʣһ壬￴ʲô𣿡
ͷһֻһ塢СŮͷĿСŮ˵ģһ˫۾ڵķպڵüϣ˵Ŀɰ
СãÿɰôܵѧУˣ
Ҹո棬ûҾͳˡ
˿ŹȻţȴ֪ȥˡ
СãѧУ治ȫԺɲҪܳˣ屧ȥ
СŮҪȥͻȻһӺ
ʲôѺӷ¡һ̧ͷֻһŮӴѧУſڳ˳һеСŮ
Ůĸ֮˶١һɫ㣬ǰԵñֱ޳ŶԭңŮȿȡ
ţ£쵰۾س촽üͷ£ں棬Ů
ϧǣŮĴ۾ŭĵĵӿ󰡣ѧУſھ͸
ðŮԼ˷˰ɡ
ǣλŮŶλʦʦ𣿡
ҵȻʦǸʲôģ
ҲǸʲôģҲѧУҵģջ׼ȥáбҪһ£ŮɲǼ¡
ã𣿡ŮָŻСŮʵ
ǣá
ˣҽˡŮͷĴҲ˰ôܸ¡
˵꣬ŮʦСŮͷҲصĽУȥˡ
ѾϵУţЩΣֹⶼʲôʲôģ˷ӡ
壬ոȥˣôŶûйϣ˷ˡδԶ仰һͷڵϡ
Լ˷˰
첻һԽĺӡ
ЩƣҲû˼תˡ
ˣȥɡ
ﵽʥ·ҪСʱңȻҲĦгǮ
ǰĴͨ·̣Ѿ·޵ˡ˵·ôҲȽխܲ˴󳵡СĦгûġ
ʥڰɽ£Լ100໧˼ҡһټĴ䡣һӣ˽ӡСʱ򾭳ܵӱȥ㡣ǰɽˡ
ɽ10Ķ1000ףɽɽֽ֣ΡԴ䣬ɫģɽɽһȻƺˮ̿Ⱦָɲ⡣ŰƺԶһߵϣ޽һʽ30׸ߣҲ֪ĸʱ޽ģֻǸоܹϵӡ

쵽ڵʱͻȻĪһ֣ӵĸо
֪磬ϰģûиı䣿
ӻ˰˸Լк̧ͷһǴڴ
ﾭӪһСЩճƷͼ򵥳ʳСʱ򵽾
ˡ𣿡
ûã컹߶ţҪأϽȥɡ
ϣ
½½öϤĴ񣬶ĸкеĽӣҲеĽӣò֡ǵüҵĹһֱиͣ
ļһԱߣһʽƽ䡣ڲԶҵķӣֺĲࡣ
裬һˡ
ˡԷûУŷ߳ԼĶ˵
ûأҳԵ㷹أ
ȥˣһͻ
Իܼ򵥣ȴúܰǼҵĸоϰֱ׵ıԼİЩĶȴʱʱ̱̿ǵİ
¼򵥵ĵòûб䣬ֻǺ˼˿׷ţԺôˡ
ķ˻šÿλ趼Լŷˡ
극Ѿ֪ʲôطæȥˡ
Լķ䣬ѾɨˣͱҲϴõġڿԺúһˡ
ڴϣɻЩƽһͨĻؼң˭֪ᷢô顣
ֻǣԺôչأ
س򹤣ûҪˣôҲʿһΪ֧֣ԼǴũ壬Ҳĺܺá
ϾϢʱֻҪ磬ʵҪοȷЩеˡ
ǣҪܰǰĶᵽأܾԼʲôҪĶ
ǰС˵ʱ򡭡Ŷˣˡ
С˵ĴԽʿǻõһضռ䰡ϵͳʲôġǿЩԽʿŻôţơ
ôԼûأⲻѧҲ˼߱ˣţƵĴԽʿ
Լȫ˸飬Ҳûзʲôɵĵط
֮ʡ
ͻȻһͻأԺ
ˣ𣿡


 ؿռ
˭
һ
ˣ䣬㲻𣿡
䣿㣿ҵȷҶû㰡ȵȣҺоԺ˵ѵǣЩɻ
ǵģˣҾҪҵĿռ䡣
ǿռ䣿ʲô˼Խɻ
ˣ棬󴦿Ϳˡ
æԼ󴦿ȥֻ󴦣һͺۼϸֲˡ
˵ۼ㣿
Ҳô˵ҲԽԺе
ҽô
ˣֻͺۼͽˡ
𣿡롣ͻһһȫİĵط
۴һƬʵĿռ䣬µڵģȥֵܷӡռһڳаĶСײмȪۣཹཱུðˮֻǳˮλһֱûʲô仯
Զһéݣõģǰһդ棬ΧһЩֲֵ
ĴѵҵĿռ䣬ˡ
ӭ㣬ˡһЩõӰǰ棬ϡǸӵģ
䣿ʵ
ǵģˣ䣬ԽС䡣
䣬Ǹֵ֡ֹһ룬ʵʲôռ䣿֪𡣡
Եռ䣬ǿռ飬ǿռҡ
ô˵ҴԽǵ׹⣬ռˣռΪʲôѡңʵ
֪֮ǰʶġҲǸողѡ
ռǴģʡ
֪ˣռ䣬Ȼеҡ
Ŀռ𣿡
֪Ӧֻһ
ռԺ󻹻ѡ𣿡
֪Ӧòᡣ
ð㲻ôʲô֪̲סЩ֪顣
ƲСһۣ˵һﲻǼٵɣ飬ɱ˻ˣ
ˣΪʲôʣСɻ
С˵дġ

ˣ飬֪ĶкܶࡣС˲麹СĽ͵Щƣŵһϰ࣬ϰ忴ˡ
õתת˵ˣҲ֪ĶԽ࣬Խܹ֤֪Ķడ
Ŷ𣿡ȤζĿô˵
Сû΢ĵ˵ˣһ˵֪ʶһԲԲѾ֪ģԲǲ֪ġô֪ĶԽ࣬ԲԽԲԽԲܳӴģ֪ĶҲԽˡ˵Ҳ֪ĶԽ֤֪࣬ĶҲԽࡣ
ǹϣѧң֥ŵԡСӵͦһЦСõ塣
лл˿佱С伱æԺҪҵĵطԸǡ
ڰ֣ûټϹȿռҪ
ֻռȪˮéݣҲûʲôˣȥЩס
ȪˮʲôãָȪˮʵ
СһܹشˣǿռȪ壬ֲﶼкôԸ˵ʣǿ塣佽߲ˮĻʹ쳣ζȻôԺ֪ˡ
ţ⵹ǺöͷȪˮʲôõĶû
ȻУˣ̳ϵͳ˾ͺа
̳ϵͳʱһ
ˣ
СéǰĿյϡ
ˣԿҲֻܿҶܡ
ʲôҲûаɻ䣬ͻǰĿյϣƾճһ档
ҪΪд̳дų齱
ףԳ齱Щ档
·һŵдƷұдšֵ֡
ˣǰϷ̳ϵͳ
ⶫôãȻԱиųļһҲԼȥо
ޣˣ̳ͣжֱֵӹ̳棬ѾмԹˡ齱ȡƷÿγ齱100ֵ齱õƷΪࡢࡢࡢĴҪص˵ǣ齱õĻƷ̳棬ԺԲ޴򲻻̳оǣˣЩƷڳȡõ󣬻ҪӦֵʹá
ʲô齱鵽ˣǮãʲôϵͳôˡˡ
С俴˿С˵ˣϷҲûа취ı䡣
ðɣҾ˵˵ҲûΪС䣬ҿ̳ﶼʲôˡ
˵ֵһ̳򣬶ʱŴռ棬½ǻһذť
棬״ļƷ
ҺٽֲֲɳڣֲƷʡ
鵤ɶԶʹãǡ
佺ңҪƷһõƷ

öǺöԽԽĻŭš
ţ滹м۸
Һ10ֵ
鵤100ֵ
佺ң1000ֵ

ˣС䣬жֵ˷ܵʵ
20㣬ˣһʹãϵͳ͵ġССĴ𵽡
20㣿ͬҪ߳ͻȻһ㣬˵öʹࡣ
20ͰҴˣʲôϵͳ˵ҲҪ͸ٰʮ︹̵
Լмҵ͹2ƿҺⲻ
׼齱ģǰûٳ齱˫ɫ֪˶٣˸Ǯ
ܹ20ֵ⻹ô鰡
С俴˿Ƶ˵ˣҪ׬ȡֵֵ㹻ʱ򣬻ռ䡣
Ŷռ仹ɻʵ
ǵģˣռڻǳ״̬
˵ռ仹ʱһϲЩڴӡֻڲ20ֵҪҲ֪Ҫȵʲôʱȥˡ
һᣬʵֵҪ׬ȡأ
ֵ˵֪ȡɾ͡йء⣬ϵͳżҲᷢһЩҲԵõӦֵҲС
񣿡
Գ齱񣬿ڲԴ֡ȻΪԽϷء
˽Ĳˡȳȥϰƶˡ
ˣǸС䣬ҪȥˡҪܳȥ
ˣֻǾ˿ռ䣬ͬ󴦣ͿԳȥˡ
ţ֪ˣټ
Ҫһ˺ܼįġ
֪ˡ
˿ռ䡣



 
˿ռ䣬ԼڴϣռʱԼʶġԺٽռĻöעˡ
ʱ˼翪ˡ
ȻԺũ߲̬԰ũɶģֲˣֻС㡣Ǯĳȼ档ǮһżŮۣӹģǾһ֣
ϾʱддС˵дд裬û׼ܳΪһأǰôྭ䣬ԼһˡʲôԲԣҿɲǵΪԼΪһԽߣұЩҵʹţġ
أ溰ӣڸأæ
Ŷõġæ˳ȥ
ֻ軳ﱧһѣƻ桢֮ˮ
Ͻ˹ʵôôˮ
ү˵ˣҴԵġеүҵݣֻǶͬˣֶҲǰֽˣԵС
廹ðɣʵ
ͦģֻүһڼͦµġ
ţȥǡ

үŲԶĶ档үѾ70ˣϰǰȥˣϱӶ򹤣һѵûΡ
ͬ꣬˴Сһ𳤴󣬹ϵǳҪá
Ҳ֪ķӹô
ӣ͵үǰҲһʽƽү廹ðɡ
үԺϢ̧ͷ濴ȥվԺſڣæ˵ӻˣ˵žҪȥӡ
үԼϽܹȥһӣү¡
λˣ찡үʵ
ҰɣܾͲȥˡ
ȥˣӴũʲôȥǮԺǮĵطء
٣үҲܶǮ
ү˿ЦúãֻҪǮﶼһûиϵ
а˵ͻˡ
ʲôǮү˵
˵Եϣ

үҳһһĥţүһڼңȷͦ¶ģԺɡţԺлᣬзҲչˡ
磬ˡҪߵԺſڵʱһϲòҲ֪˭ŮԼá
ȻһʮСѾͷվԼԺſڣԲԲģ۾һգһգĿԼԼ˭
ѧ˰ûҵʵ
ûأ˵ˡҾˡ
ýգ10꣬СرճǸƨɺתڣϵѧУ͡
磬ʱ׼ȥ˭֪˵˷ӡŮʦͦƯġ
磬أܹ֣ûӦɻʵ
Ŷûǻȥɡæõ֣ԺȥȻŮȥˡ
磬λáպðһæ
ŶʲôæҰдҵ
Ųأձ죬ȥ˵ĿɰǰһûΣʦǻ׼һ£εʱ򽲸뽲ǲ֪ʲô磬Ǵѧ϶кܶ¡˵һ
˵£ţ밡Ѱ˼ţ⵹һᣬ´ȥ˵ҵֵءǵ˵ĸأ˵С̫£ûСԼ˼ˡ
ţͻȻǽֻڳԲݡ
ˡ
Ѿͷ뵽ˡ֤˵
̫ˣո˵һ֣˵˵˵
µֽܡǰһӱıģܵĿɿˡǳЦЩܵĶһ죬һֻڹ꣬ǰģһԶܹȥЦ
ڹ꣬ڹ꣬
һŲɻ
ڹ꣬ڹ꣬ߣ
ſڡ
Ȼڹ꣺ιڹҸұȱȣ˭ܵĸ𣿡
磬²á˵أͻȻСѾͷˡ
ôˣֵʵ⻹û˵ء
ôɰô۸ڹأ²á
ʱ棬ڶЩʲôӰܲ˵ˡ
հһ¡˵ҲеӶɰҲЩǺܻġ
Ҳ㻻һõġղˡ
㲻ҿɲ˵˰ھһ¡ĵһСѾͷʲô⡶ܡǵľԢ֮һԴڡԢԡ粻ȱٶͯ𣬾ʹӡܡʼɡ
ô˵Щˡ벻ܹй˵õõʦıСһᣬ˵˵ɡ
Ͷǽ˵
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˵󣬷СѾͷüͷģһ˼ӡ⣺˵ô
̫ˣ˱ȻڹôӮҾͽ¡ޣйˡС˷ܵ
СӾСӣոջһģתۼô˷ܡ

صϰѾˡ
׼Էˣأһԡ˵
ŶõġϳԷʱ򣬸ϰ˵һԼĴ㡣
ϣ֣衣λȥϰˣ׼ڼЩ顣
ϰһ㶣һۡ˵ȥҲãҲҲͦõġ
ȻΪ湤⣬ʲô顣
ϰˣ͵裬Ƿİɡλ׼ġһͬѧһֱֲ߲оȡͻԽչֳ߲ʮζɿڣҲκλ֮ĶǳɫȫЩ̸ңһ£ЧôҰ׼Щڼֲ
ϰһֻҪӲʲôѾͺáڶҪڼֲҲ֧֡ڽôⲻҪ
ʵڶڼҲͦ˵ġϾҲˣҲϣܹԼߡ
ϰʵ׼ô㣿
룬˵ۼԼĵأֲЧãԺȥаأһ̬ũ֮ׯ԰רֲ߲ˮ
УǾ죬ҲҪżϰ˵
裬ǷİɣԺкӹˡ
ϰǺһЦһ˼Է
Ү磬㲻ȥˣ̫ˣһֱû˵գͻȻ˵˵
ó˵ġ


 ѧҪֵأ
ڶһ磬ˡ
ϣ͵͵ظߵһС鷬ѵأһЩռȪˮ
ȥûʲô仯
˵ſռȪˮ棬һЩġ
һһ鷬磬ԱطҪһЩķѺ͸͸ģһ̲ס̿ˮ
Ȫˮ棬ֻһΣЧôˡ֪ζô
ţժһѣҲϴֱӷһҧʱһ̫óˣζǷѵζɷ·𽫷ѵζ⵽˼£һ˵ζˬڡûгԹôóԵķѡ
ֻһȪˮͱ仯ôཽλ᲻仯ţض飬һʵĶȣȻԺԼֳ̫Ķ޷͡
ȷ˿ռȪˮȷʵ棬صѾ緹ˡ
裬ҷмѽĺܺÿժǳζժѻ׼ϰ賢
ô˯ôˡףⷬôôƯǰûôÿӹѣ˵
ٺ٣ԺֳķѣҲôÿ
˵ϴȥˡء
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Թ緹ȥسԡسһҵ̳ǣ۸Ʒ
⼸꣬˵ĲôҲǮЩˡ
һԳǣһ
ۣ߿
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̼ңֻûֱӽˡ벻һ磬Գô顱
ֻ㿴㿴һӦ̼ңһߡ׼һ̨̨ʽԣȻ鷳һЩȱʼǱˡ
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գ㽲̫ˡ̫ˡ
ǾǣӺû۸ڹꡣ
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ûдѧǵۣ˼˵ģ˭ѵһͯң԰֣ͯѾʡڻдµˣֻҲֻкųơСͯˡôСá˭أ
벻ףϲСӵԵʣҲȽϹעͯȦӡдͯҲ٣ɳ֮⣬дƷ
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ͬѧ۵Ĳˣ˵ͬѧǣ˵ķǳȷ¸ǣ˲ܹȻͻһʧܡ

صԳǡ
һ̨ԣһ̨׼Ժʱáֻⶫɲˣԥ˰죬͵ɱͶˡ
ӵԳǳѾȥһˣ⻹ûͷҪͷµǮȫ
Ǯ̾һ
صʱѾˣСָһֽ䣬Ӵ˽ͺӣϽȥ˰
ţ̨ԡ
Щ֡ʵʲôðǻ𣿡
ԼãԺ󲻳ȥˣڼֵˡ߱˵˰
Զˣֹһѧɶذֵɶǰ;ԺĸŮܿ
ú󡭡
˵мҵҪֵˡ
мҵӻˣ˵ǻֵصġ
ѧֵأǰʲôѧ׻ôǮ

Ҫ˵һʲô죬޷Ǿ˭ҵޣһƯϱ˭ҹŮ˸ʲôѡȻоǣһѧؼֵˡ
ʥһٶ໧˼ңҲֻѧҲѹִˡ
ЩûʲôӦ֪ʵûʲô⣬ֻǱȽϰ԰ˡ
⣬ȴЩˣ֪ʲôѽѧֵôˣѧֵؿ϶ֵغáߣǱߵﵽ˵
߶һЦ֪еġԼһСìܡȻӣżһĦеġ
裬˵ɡֵ׬ǮˣĽġ
ͣ߶ЦǺǵ˵ԶԶԣ׬Ǯˣô˵



 ͷ
ڶ磬վڿռ鿴Լֵ
СѾͷߴߴ˵һͨʲô˵εĺãͬѧϲʦαȵȡ
ȻܡôܻӭԼֵӦ˲Ŷԡ
ȷʵˣֻ5㣬ܹ25ֵˡ
Ҫɶʱܳ齱ų齱ɲһˡ
ԱߵС䷢˵ƣæοˣԺƷĶˣΧˣֵǵĿˡ
ҲǣھֻǸС˵һƪҲҪ̫ˡ
ҪֵǵĿ죬öдƪͯҸ緢С
ΪʲôѡͯأһΪͯȽ٣ȱͯԼҪдȫǾ䣬ڴԼ
Ϊߵķֻ֣дͯһֻдƪдҲдˡûм佺ҵİɼǲסЩʮϰ֡
ֻмֵС˵ԽŮҲǲס
ĥţͻȻ溰ӣװ绰ˡ
Ȼ˿ռ䣬ɻ
躰Ͻ˿ռ䡣
ˡ
Ź˾Լõģװ绰ûй磬ֻͨ绰߲ˣ˵һЩԼҲ㹻ˡ
ĿͷҲеš
Ź˾λʦæ˼СʱֱŰѿŪá
ߵʱλʦǳ࣬ÿ˷400Ǯĺ
ɰλʦֻˣһٷкá
˵ʵľϲƽʱװôĵ绰пͻô˶һǿͻ̬
ǺǣСֵܣҵƬԺʲô⣬ֱӸҴ绰ԴЩʦ˵
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800ǮֵˡʦĳŵԺ⣬ͿԼʱõ˵Ź˾绰˼Ҳ˭֪Ҫϼ졣
صȲ
˵죬һСʱʱ̫̣ණ˽⡣
̳̳ڹ̳עûڡ
һۺ̳ҪġΡ֡ѧȰ顣
֣ѧְҪ߳١
ӰӡͯС˵ŴʫȻ⣬۵ݱ
Ȼ۵ЩӰӰС˵˵ʵǲô
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֣汣ǳӣǳϼûеĳ֡
Ҫصģǰɣ洦ء
ƽ̨QDƽּ̨ܵЭıͼලеĸֻ1ҵʱ䣬ܹĸǾֻܸˣ۸ǲ
˼ǣQDֳṩ⣬һֽƽ̨
ƽ̨κִˣϴԼԭƷ湫ۡϴƷּЭҲ֤עᣬܵ汣κθ˺嶼ȥ
ڽ֣۳ۣеıۼʮеıۼ٣Ҳǧġ
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ǣ֪ʶԼȫǻᳪҪɼʲôϴ͸㲻ˡ
ЩƣȻһԴˣǼһǺųƶණ𡣡
С䣬涮ʶͨСʵ
СڿռҲˣ齱ϵͳⷽļ顣˿ͨ齱ּܡ
죬ܳ齱ȥˣҿǵǺþء
ˣʱָˡʵʵҼҳ緢ͯɡ

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ӨɳϣȻ˵˵ϲСӣҪʦҲͰˣҲ㣬ƾĹϵʡѧУ㲻ȥҪܵôƫԶĵطȥ̡ҿΪ˶Ǹһɡ
ᵽǸһ͸ͷʹˡ
֮ܵƫԶɽ飬˴СͱȽϲũ⣬Ǽһԭ
Ǽһڶʱ򣬾ͶԼôģҵǱ䱾һԼȢģ
ҵıϵ࣬ԷҲ֣ԼĸĸҲ˵ʲô
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֮ô첻޷ǾǲԸĳЩ򡣲ԸйȻҲͲܵĳЩ˾߲㡰ϲ˾ˣһ㶼ǲȡ̬ȣװҲúø㳪
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Ҳʡ
ϰֵĶͯ磬ѣ˵ϰæءӨЩе˵
ϰֵ־˵⣬Ҳ˵ˡ߱ͬߣƷ½ԽԽѾҪͣĵزˡ
ϰΪ£ͷˡ
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ôռȪˮȻ棬Ҳ̫졣ЩɹԺԷʹá
վȥȻ֣軳ﱧһʲôǱ߻
裬ʲôأʵ
迴ԶԶҵĹˣˣҼ⹷ģһֻ
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ϵѡ仰ΪȻ
ҿæӭȥӹС
Сһո£ԲཱུģͷβͶɫȴǰɫģһס۾ģȷһʮ־ĸо
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ŹصԽԽСһɰ
ˣ̳ϵͳ治鵤𣬲֪һ˻ô
뵽С뵽ռ档ľǿ԰Ѷȥġ
սռ䣬Сƺرϲط
ˣռﺬһԶĳɳаǻ᱾ܵϲطС俴С͵
𣿹ֲһϲء泤󣬲֪᲻ᷢʲô죿ȥͺϵΡš
鵤Ҫ100ֵ
һʱ˷ܣڵֵһ鵤ŻС̾Сһʱûڷˡ
룬С˵С䣬ҰСһһʱ䣬ҿ
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һȥܲҵһҰɽΡΪԼǮˡܿ׬һǮ뵽ľҰɽΡ
Ұɽһں1000-2000׵ԭʼɭУԻҪʮֿ̡Ҳʲôϣ͵ȥΪ˽ǰڰɽϷֹҰɽΡ
˵ҪɽϰҲûзԣֻҪȥЩ˲ȥĵطΪڴǶˣɽΣնҲ

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糤һλ40ӣķӣԵЩƣüëŨڣ΢΢Щ硣
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ոͽȥЩ㡱ƷҲֻƷԣ˵Ҳﵽ˷Ҫ󡣿ÿ־ȫƷ߿϶ǲġ
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Ȥζͯȴ϶ң϶ҵͯԭ򣬳ͯĸ߼֮⣬ƺΪȤζͯ
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ȨһˮüͷеЩƣ룬ѵĲ𣿡
һܱлеϵҲϵ˲ٵͯԸ⹩壬Ҳȷʵ֧һʱ䡣
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鿴պЩţ΢΢һЦգҪţʦֻ㼸⡣
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ҺȪ壬ܹܵľ쵽ΣϢȻ۾ҧһڣҲѳƤˡ
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ʮ һγ齱
磬磬أ
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⼸ƪͯһλҡϣܳΪҵĶ֣Ѿįܾˡǲ׼ĳƪͯһֱڵһ֡ڣҪˡ
СС֮ͯƵࡣ
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ͬǴ󶼳ΪͯӡĿҲǰ᲻һ

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磬һ˻ܳһƬ첻ɡ
ܳһƬ죬ҲŲġ
ҿֻȨһıǼƪͯͲǸʲôдġȨ֪ʲôطø߼ġ˵һߵƷۻ⡣Ǹ־õֶΡ
ԣ˵еҿȤζˡ
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ʱһȺҲͬһ顣
ҾȤζܹ𣿡
ȤζܷܲҲ֪Ҳûʲôϵֻ֪⼸ƪͯдá
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ȷˡϧǣЩδػɳ
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˵ҲǣǸ˵ƷѾоˡ˵ҵһЩС
оС
ǿƪĢҸ



ڶʮ ʲô
֪ԼֻǷƪͯͯߵע⡣
ȷǰЩ䣬Ȼܻӭ⼸Ƿǳң
ȥ￴˼βеĸá
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̵ģƺҪγˮ
⣬͵͵ÿռȪԼߵ߲˶˼顣
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飬ĺ׷Ҹϣ˭Ҳ£Ѻ͸ķԶԶܿ˷ǳʳϵһһ̲һΪȥģӿϵȲҲһ
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ϰǿŲ˵һһ仯ģû̫ĸоֻЩ֣֪ʲô취ͻȻôˡ
·ĴͲһˡǰ·ʱ򣬸ûע˵Ĳˡ
ͻȻôõĲˣһֱ졣
˵ӣǵĲզˣôͻȻ䳤ôãǲʲôҩ
Ҳ˵ԣЦǺǵĽ͵ʲôҩ⻹Ҽӻ֮ġ˵ʲôͬѧоʲôѧֲҲ̫ժȥǼҸͳԲꡣ˲źÿζǲء
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ô˵߲ˣժȥζˡ
ȴߺ˵裬Щ̫ˡǺҲԲ꣬ժЩүȥҲȥ˵˵ҪԵĶժô
УЩҲġҾȥ˵˵
˵ֺ꣬Ǻǵˡ
ЩˣҼ˵Ҫֵصʱֻ֪˵Щô˼ҴѧֵĵأǾǲһ
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ٶȣѾԭÿСʱ3000֣ӵÿСʱһˡ
⻹ֻǳġָɡԺԵռлø߼ġָɡ
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20ƪͯ󣬾ûмˡЩͯʱѾˡ
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糤ѾͳƳˡĿǰΪֹܹ۳11ᣬ۵㻹ԤƿԴﵽ12ᡣ
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νҳϣֻΪѵĳ̫ͣҲûꡣеֻ档
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죬մӵæ
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ԷٷϢҲ˳QDš
ȤζͯŮܵģôܻỻ
˵Ҳȷӻ̫鷳һϲ򵥵ˡ
ͯڷĶͯ־ôأ
Ҳú󣬷Ķͯ־ҪȤζͯˡ



ڶʮ ҲܳԵˮ
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ǽ뵽Եռ䡣
ռǰŪЩ۷䡢֮СԵ
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ժ˸ӣſһҧ֣˵ĺóԡ
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һ߳Իһ߹࣬ţȥʱϰ裬СѾͷҲҵζ
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ȻԼһֱ⡣
ԱߵС俴ӣڨڨһЦ˵ˣҲԶҲԣϾ飬ռԱաٺ٣ˣҲܳʳζ
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ǰЩŤС䣬ͻȻ仹̫ϰߡ
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һ߳ңһéǰ
С䣬éʲôã㻹벻𣿡ʵ
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Ǻǣûйϵһ죬ǻġο
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ҿֵжˣ
ţ㲻2000ˡϴγ齱Ѿֵˡû죬2000ˣٶͦİ
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2000ֵǿ佺ˡ
һ佺ֻҪ1000ֵ
2000ֵż佺ңƷﱸá
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߹鵤ĵط߹ڳ˯
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ϰ˵֡裬ǳԵöûгԹġ
˵գױƵĴӣݸϰһһ
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ճһڣϰͬʱһôô࣬ô֣ҧȥһ㶼ѾζôãӣŪģ
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ϰҲûϸʣԼĶҲôࡣ
ϰֱ߳Ա˵ӣЩƻүȥʹˣƽʱٳˮˡЩƻô֣ҧȥʺǳԡ
գھȥ
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ү˵ȻЩԥ
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ҧһڡ
ûе۵ĸоһ졣׵ľҧһ
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ãã⺢ӣˣˡ
˵ţү۾Щʪˡ
˵һ뿪

úֳһ˶Եöƻ飬ʹʥ塣
ﲻ档
ҲЩ˱ʾɡŻãֳƻˣ
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׷Ҫ֤һ£Ƿġ
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ͨˮѾԲˡ
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ǺһЦҲġ
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ϰ˵Ķԡү̫ˡЩʣµƻȴȥԡ
ãáӣСʱүүô㡣
һλļ粿п˵



ڶʮ ȱٻ
˼λˣҲֺǺǵġ
תȥȴһԶԶ
磬ǲֳʲôóԵˮûи㣿
ͷһСѾͷһıĴԶ
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ܿ죬СѾͷܵͣЩġ
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СѾͷĶͷ˵СѾͷʲôϢһٳԡôôͷѧˣ
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ص׼õӡƻ˳
ݸСѾͷ˵ˣΪѾͷˡûȥϰҲЩ
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鼱æصո³ȥһ¡Ҿͦõģ˼
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պýӵȨĶϢ˵ʲôҪ
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ģѶáܡĹ»ԼдЩҲӺܿɰӦôǺβ־ϾٰһдܡĻͶķʽμӡκ˶Ͷ塣ͶԼдҲԺͼҳͬɡѡһЩͶ壬һڵ־ϡǰԸһĽ
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Ǻǣ糤æ
ټ
Ȩ˳QD˷ܵغƣ֪ͨϿһ顣



ڶʮ Ϯ
ͯ硣
ϸһڵĸ
ΪܹһڽȤζͯ׻壬һڵĸҪǳߡ
κžЩˡٿвʵ
õģ糤
κ󶫽ӹûϸȥ
ΪѾˣ˵ڵƷǽߵһڡ
糤ҿûˡЩˡƪƪܾʣƪ˵۷֮֮ȤζǸƷǲضáȤζֻһˡǳ⣬Ҳǳ㡣һȤζȲ˵ġԣһǲٵʲôˡ
šʵͷ˵ϧǣ˵ƷбȽϴĲࡣܶмƪƷͺˡκ˵Ϊɶ϶üƪأ
κ糤ʣЦ˵糤˵һֻƪƷһҲֻƪ
ʺһ˵Ǹˣ
ǰȷǸˡκ󶫸̾һΪǸˣҲ
ǵҲǡˣƪƪɣƷϿ϶ҪԶԶȤζˡֻҪܰȤζѹһڵ11ᣬܹܡ
ȻһڵȤζѾ̧ͷƣҪһԻѾʵˡ
ֻȰԭزͼ֮
ˣˣˣ
⴫

˽
糤ȤζͯǱ߸ոշ棬㿴
˵ţA4ֽ糤İ칫ϡ
Ȥζͯͨٷ΢ģѾӡA4ֽϡ
棿
ɻոµA4ֽҪϸ
Ū飡
һֽݸԱߵκ󶫡
κҲ
κ󶫿ȴüͷû˵
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ͬʱѣ·ҲͨȤζͯĹٷ΢ֱ߱ͤΣȤζͯһڵ档
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ܶڴǲڴ
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ѾԽԽˣ֪顣
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΢͸¶һڡͯϷƷ۷֮ƪ֮ء
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ǰ컹˵Ҫ׽Է򵽣ȴҪȥѧϰԷܲ˵һַ̡
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·Ͳ漰Լһ˿һ

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лͷˣıֶΣʵڲǿ
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һŭ֮£ַǧɴɣԷ˿һԳơ
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ǧҪˮӰ찡û˵սǲսǿ϶Ҳԭġ
ǶдܡʱĿ𣿡
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ϵẉ̂ʱʱĵһ̻ңڼϡ
ǲٶȺˮƽǶߣǿרҵġֵǣһз˼ơˮƽ̫һͿչˡ



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ҲֺǺǵһЦϲԼֵĲˣҲеǳ㡣
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ȴ΢֤ʱ򣬺ȻյһϢ
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Цŵ˵ͷȻŻͷ˵ͷԺҪˡһżһΣΪĳɳкôġ
ͷͷ⿴˴ɵһۡ˵Ҫȥ泤ˡ㰡ͼŰɡ˭㳤ôˡ
ɵͷһᣬ
ͷ˵ˣɵͷԼȥɡһб顣
ɵͻͷͬʱͷԶˡ



ʮһ ޺ȭ
ͷʹɵ뿪
Сéǰ̳ϵͳ뿴Լֵǵˡ
򣬾Ȼˣ
Ȼ뵽ֵ϶ǡֱǵ򣬻ǰһ
ĪǸϴεĲɷйأҲ벻ֵǵԭˡ
һûоԼˡԼƷһšȵҪ10ֵܽʹء
ˡȵҲżںò
ڰȳ齫ɡ
һοˡ򰡣óٴΰ
˷ܵĴֱ֣ӵ㿪˳齱ҳ档
ɾ׼齱ʱȴһϵͳϢ
ֵѾÿγ齱ĵֵΪ1000㡣
ʲôǰ100ô1000ˣʵ
С俴˿ϵͳϢ͵ˣġ齱Ҫĵֵǹ̶ġ˵ֵӶӦӡ˵ֵÿγ齱Ҫ1000ֵˡ
Ҳ˵Ժҵֵﵽʱÿγ齱Ҫĵֵࣿ
ǵģˡ
ţðɡͷûϾÿ1000㣬ͿԳ齱50ΡţҲǲ
˽Щ齱ָѸת
ллݹˣû£顣
ллݹˣУ



ʮָ֮ͣɫ򣺻Ʒ
ڶָͣڰɫѾپɥˡ齱û鵽ƷҲΰɫ򣬻ӳ鵽Ʒʱ˷̶ܳء
鵽һֻƷûֹͣѡ齱ֵͦġҲˡ
ҪõĶˡ
ϸտʼʮΣһ齱ʮΡ
õƷһƷƷһ
ջǺܲģ⡣ֻǲ֪鵽ĽƷʲôϣԼҪĶ
ϣ˳齱ϵͳص̳ǽ档
ƷƷϴιļ佺ңûнļȵ͸ոյõĸɫһƷ䡣
ȴ򿪻Ʒɡ
˴֣ɫĻƷ䡣
˽ңֵʱӡעҲԽýˣֵʱͬΪӡ
˽ңֵһʱûֵǸʲô˼
ţʱٿ
ûо˽ҵ⣬Ҳ֪Ǻö͹ˡ
ִ˻ɫƷ䡣
һγ鵽ɫӡȻϴεɫ𺳣Ҳʵ˷һѡ
Ҫ֪鵽ɫĸʣҲǺܵ͵ġ
ݹʵݶȣظʹá
ǻɫ䡣ǲһ
ݶȣظʹáҲ˵Ժٴγ鵽ݹʵܼݶȡ
۹ȸһЧ
ʹáֻ崫һֱУת˲š
ˣûʲôо
һ壬оӯࡣҲ֪ǲǴ
ڣֻʣɫļƷˡ
ϣҪļܰҪľǹȭ֮ļ顣
飬飡һһ߽㿪Ʒ䡣
飺ʹúҵ֪ʶ
飺޺ȭʹú޺ȭɵʹȡʼΪ5%
Ȼĵõˡ˷ܵȭͷ
޺ȭо񻹺ţƵӣ
ʵǰҲ֪޺ȭȭ֮һʮ޺ʲôϵ
ֻǲ֪Ȿ޺ȭǷǰ޺ȭһ
²Ӧøǰ޺ȭһԵռļ飬ǷƷô
һȭˡԺҲúҵĴһȭˡ
Ȼֻ5%ûйϵԺ󰡣ٳ齱ʮ޺ȭϲȥ
޲͵شһ󣬲뻹ˡԺеʱ䡣
˷һһ顣

ٺ٣ⱾҲǳҪġԴ֪ȱٺøʱͷǳҪⷽļˡ
ϧǣǰһֱûг鵽ȴڽеõˡ
ȻֻǻҲѾˡַһƬհף˻ҲͲԶˡ
ǰһЩҲлˡ
鶼Ҫġʵûˡ
ٺ٣ĪǸǰйءе뵽
õҪĶȳȥˡϣϰ軹ڼڿռ̫á
ͷɵˡҪúСĻ
׼ھʹͷȥģ־ò̫ʡ滹ϣͷͻȻ֣ﲻý͡
ȥͿ˵ԼѾȥѻͷӻˡ


ʮ ڴ
Ȥζͯ硣
л˵ƪĻ֣д𣿡
ȨڶЩ˼顣õĻͯѾˡȻȥдһͯ˵Ʒ
лЦӦòˡȻ֣ϹдַϲһЩ׾ȷʵ֣ϵıʷɡң֣ϡ㿴ǰʮЩӣֻ¶ͨ߰
ȨҲЩЦáλҪĿģЩͨ߻ҪǵƷһ־ϡǵãһͰǰʮλöռˡⲻǵ
ֻ˵ܡ̫ˡȻô¡ƷдҲûд
лٴθп
һĸ֣ϵûˡڶģѵǸ˵ģЩܰɡ
Ȩڶĸӣˡ
ӦҲˡдַټҲȷˡᰡǺǡ˿֪֪ܲķ˾ͽСᰡлҲЩ⡣
Ϊʲôأ
˭֪ءܳΪͯһ˵ԭɡ
šȨ˼ĵͷ
һ֮
лȻЦ糤ǾͲؾЩˡǿЩƷ֮ȥ²⣬ⲻǺȤ𣿡
ȷˡлľǵ־ԽԽˡҲȨҲЦ
У糤һ־ϵ30ƪƷȫǴӶ߲ƷѡġʱôҲڴ
ǰһ־ȫͨߵƷǿȫһҰȨǵ⣬Űġ
лŵȨЩпλѣֻصǰ緢ʱ
ʵϣԼҲˡ
糤ǰѾڹٷ΢Ϣ룬ЩΪԼƷлǰ30Ķǡֻ±κһڶҪڴһڰ
лЩߵڴģ̲סֳ
ǰ뿴ڵӡ
˳ȤζЦš

ʵ˲
˶췢һڡȤζͯ
ôʱô㵽찡ҵƷضǰ30־ϡ
ۣ˵ġȤζͯϵƷȫôͨдġǲ˼顣
ǰڴκһζҪڴΪҵƷ۹
ѽеŰϣ㵽죬ϣʱܹһЩ
ŸɶҪٺ٣һ൭ΪҸûдںˡôõĻ˰

ַҲǷǳļЩѰ
죬ˣ
Լܲʵ֣Ϳ˰
ʱ䰡һЩɡµ죬ξˡ

ַЩѰһʱҲ
ȻɲΪҲдƷȥͶ
û뵽󲻵ȤζôһЧƺϵĺá
̾Ϣһ
Ŀǰ϶ǵķӦġȤζֻֻͯһذ
ѹƲסˡ
Ҳáȵһʱɡһеȵ515գƪʼصʱټɡʱһж᳾䶨ġ
ֻ˰οԼˡ

ʡʱȫ౨־ע⵽Ȥζͯߵ
жͯ־־ժ־ȵȡ
ǿȤζͯĹٷ΢϶ǵڴ
軹棿
һƪƷͰѶߵθڵ˼ͬô棿
ѧϰһҪúѧϰֶΡ̫˰
ΪˡһڵġȤζܹͯȡöٵѾֻȤζ־ڹˡ
ȫ־綼ڶȤζͯ
Ҳ֪һڵġȤζͯ׻ȡöٵ

ĿУ515һڵ
峿
ϰ尡ôģôšˣҶ˿һСʱˡ
һͤԴ
ǣǡ
Ա߻вٸ͵
ͤϰ忴űͤʱӣᡣʱߵʮ֡
ⶼǰһСʱˣǻǣϰ︹̲ѡ
Ҳܹǵ顣ʵϣԼһڵġȤζͯҲǷǳڴġ
ңҲϵ˻ȻҲǰһСʱˡ
ֻЩ߱ˡ

ǲҪȥȤζͯǵøҴһ
ûôҪȤζˡ
ٺ٣ǰһһҪ˼΢˵ˣһȫϴεĲƷ˵ҵء
ǵˮƽǱˡðɣҸһ
Сʱ֮
˶ַͨʽõһڵġȤζͯ



ʮ дĻ
õڴѾõһڡȤζͯ
˵ķӦȴǸͬЩһõȲİ鷭ҪҵԼƷЩȴǳٳٲҴ򿪣´򿪺Լʧ
ĳͤԡ
һλ30ҵӡõ־û뿪ͤȲķ
ͻȻ˷ܵĴһԱߵ˵۹㿴㿴30Ʒдģдģ
ԱߵȴЩţģŲ񰡡
30Ӽˣô᲻أ㿴Ҿͽ֡Ҫ֤㿴

ַҲµġȤζͯȴǳٳûд򿪡
ЩţЩҰ־򿪡Լûʵ֡
վҪ򿪵ġ
ڣַ΢Щ֣־ҳ
һƪߣ֣ࡣ
ַ֣ࣿɸоӦʲôҪϢûж룬ҲûȥݡǼ淭ȥ
ڶƪߣᰡ
ƪƪƪ
ǰ10ƪƷûʧΪ֪ԼƷʹܹǰ30Ҳ̫ǰ
ֻǣԽԽˡѾǵ17ƪˡ
ַ΢ͣͣһԽ֣һƪ
ͻȻַɵ˫ĹԲЩš
ʮƪߣַɡ
ңҡˡˣ
ַĸ־ҳ棬Լĺӡ˫۲Ѿʪˡ
Լʵˡ
лл㣬Ȥζͯлл㣬

ϡ
Ѿв˶ԼƷˡ
ҵƷٻ29ڷҼ͡
25Ʒ˰û־ѸϽˡ
벻ҲƷһ찡۹Ҷ𣿵21ҵġ

˵ġ߾ûôˡ
ĽЩǰ30˰
ǰϧҵûѡϡҲ֪ڶ

ۿƪдôûڵ28дöˣƾʲôҵľûϡȤζı༭Щʲôˮƽ
ǣ㿴20ƪûдĺá
ͬ⣬дԢ̫ˣ༭ǿ
ԣԣԣҵҲǡ֪ӦдǳһЩ
˵¥϶λ֪Ҫôд𣿡
ʵǿȥˡ

ڶ˷ܻʧ֮ԽԽĶߣоԼƺǺʲôҪ
ʲôأ
˵ұЩеûˡ쿴һƷ֣ࡣѵ֣ϣ
Ҳע⵽ˡӦͬͬհɡ֣ʲôݣͶֻ
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ţ¥˵ĶԡңҪԭǣǰƷȫ˺ЩƷΡǰƪ
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ͬ־ǣߣˡ˵һ֣ϡ
Ҳ̫ţ˰ɡ֣϶ȥдƷ
ӦôˡöѶȥ֣ϵ΢ѯˡϧ֣һֱûлظ

϶ǴýҲˡ
СЩûõĲɷˡϽȥ֣¥¶׵㡣дš
ʲô֣ϡңݼ٣һݸƨļٰͷŰ
ʲô֣˭֪ͯٸ㲻״ֱӸҹ
ǣ֣סĹԢŴͻȻ࿸ųǹڵļߡ
ǵ·۷׷ס
ʲôôͻȻôߣ
˵֣дͯˡ
ܰɣôҲ֪ܲ
ġ˵дһͯ˵ƷȻִʣȷʵдˡ
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ڴĳһԢ
ϼŴŴԼɼļߣЩǵ˵㿴¡˵ʲôֻΪͬͬա㿴ſЩߡƽֻҪˡ
֣ȴǺĵ˵첻ȥǵȸҲɢȥˡȹ죬Ҳָƽˡ
ϼЩļ˵΢أҲܲˣ
֣룬˵΢£޵ĳһ¾ͿˡǶǺܿɰġҲܲܲˡ

ҲõһڵġȤζͯ
ȻҾ֪֣ϻ̲סġ˵꣬Щп
ȴЩ⡣һλ30˵ֽᰡ
᰿˿ɷ򣬼˵㣬˵϶Ҫսˣȥʲô֣
Ǻ˼𣿡ƺ
ȴЩ˵˼ءҿǲ֪дġȻ֪۳ʲôء
ЦЦ˵ˡ

ڣһƺƵд֣ͯһ΢УĻ
㡣
ȻҲһЩź
һƷѾȷ֣ڶȴȵһѷɫٵƷ
˭
һֱûȷеĴ𰸡


ʮ ˺ͱ
дѾˡ
˻ϲź˶ץסλᣬʵԼΡ
ڲԾУѾȤζһݸм
ȤζͯһڣǰյҲѾͳƳˡ
35ᣡ
35ᣬһڷлһڡĻһڵġȤζͯͻ40ᡣ
ȤζͯԴûдﵽݡ
Ȩ˵ͬʱҲϹͬǵ۾
Ȩ֮ƲסĿϲ
40ᰡֹֻڣȴʵʵİǰһһֲʵĸо
֮Ʋסıʹ
ڡȷԼ϶ˣĺˡڵû뾡һа취ȤζڹڣԺĳƪͯɺڡ
ͬҲˡ
֪һ־Ҫһ㣬һǳѵ顣
ȤζأӲ40ֻһµʱ䡣
һµʱ䰡
ҲûôٶȰͲѧ
һжȤζġ
ʹڶ־֮࣬Ҳĵһҿֻһͯңֻдͯ
һңҼһ־磬׼д
Ǿ԰־ŵð
뵽ֿܣ͵־ûĴһ׷үʵʵдͯͿˣǧҪдĶ

Ȼе
еڴӵϪˮߣһȺܺӵϺ
ϺʥǳࡣϪˮˮﵽǵӰ
ûµʱϲȥ׽ϺϺϺϲȴϲϺΪֺܴΣǾϲ￲ϴ򶴡
Ѻúõһ￲ǧٿס￲Ŀ
СʱҲȥϪˮϺֻȥ￲ϵϺϺ
ʥúܣõȥ۸񻹲ء
ΪϺúˣǾһ̾ļȡ
ҪҪŪϺȥռţ
ܺǵϺͻȻôһ⡣
ţ⡣˵ɾ͸ɡ
ޡˡ
磬ҲҪ̫ˡ⼸㡣޼ҲҪϺǳ˷ܡæԼĵó
Сԡ
Ҳӹͺѡһطˮһ˦ѵڵϾͲˡ
˵ǵͣʵڵϼ֦Ƭ֮Ķ˨һ߾Ϳˡ
ڵϺõնҲܷ㡣򾡢⡢ȵȶԡ
鷳ֱϺȥϺҲǿԵġңϺȽϰԡ
ھõϺڵ
ֱڶֻϺһϺ˨ڵϾ͸㶨ˡ
ţǲõ̫ࡣĸһмֻ͹ˡһߵһѰ˼š
ΪϺֳķǳ졣һֻϺܲʮϰֻСϺټԵռԡĸһмֻ㹻ˡ
Ź˶ãռԻֳɶѳɶѵϺ
Ϻʵ˼ġԺũׯʱ򣬵ǿ԰ΪһɫĿ
˼翪

ȤζͯһڷѾȥˡ
ȻǵĿ⣬ûдӡȤζͯƿ
Ϊ־һͼһӰͼ
ϡֻģһֻƺڼʻһֱɻһֻʻһ̹ˡ
ͼ滹һ仰
515գͯЯ³ƪ˺ͱռǡԼȤζͯ
ǿۿˡ
˺ͱֻˡΪǰ
˭ܸңеķɻ̹Ǹʲô
ͼƺڼʻɻ̹ˡߵԶе󰡡ҺЩȤˡ
㻹˵ҺҲЩȤˡҿǳˡ
áֻһ˸Ȥ


ȤζͯĹٷ΢Ҳ⸱Ρ
ȨлַɵҲ׷׵ޣת
ˣҲתԼ΢ҲԼȥдˡ
ڣ΢˿Ҳкüǧˡ
СҲǸˡ
˺ͱռǡǰ֣ͯԨͯС˵
֣Ԩܹ10ʱ䣬ⲿ100ֵͯ˺ͱǳ˼ͯ˼˵ĳɳ
һЩ˿ֻ˺ͱռǡǰ100ʵϣ˺ͱռǡ366
Ʒ𣬿ңأ˿ղܡǳ˿Ҳˡ
ϧǣôƷȴֻ13ĶƬһһЩ˵̳ɷ棬ûչʾƷԭò
ʮֵź
˺ͱ100֣ɼǲסеݡ
ʹһż佺ҡ100ֵƷͬԺһŶһ
ҪĽǽִڵ϶ѡ
һСʱһҡ϶ҲѾʮң20༯ˡ
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ƷպһꡣʮҵĴҲڴΪΧ֮ڡ
⣬ȤζͯǱȥԼûв롣
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ȻһЩǱҪġ
ǣһЩеȻ֡
վ̨ϣꡢͤſڶֻŵһֻŷɻһֻ̹ˣֻںȥȴֲʧɰòȤ
ΪСӵĿ⡣ϾСӶֿɰĶûеֿģֻֻ
Ȼ
ۣ裬㿴ֻÿɰҪ
ְ֣Ҵûмôɰ򡣡

ȻֻԱߣҲһֻèӰ
ֻèҲþͱֻѷɫȻҲں档
Щ͹עˡЩǵһЦ
Ҫʼ𣿡



ʮ Ȩ
峿ԼԺȭ
˵ӣʲôȭȥģġ
˵ͷһֻϿһѳͷЦӯӯԼ
٣壬Ҹ޺ȭءػص
ȴǲţЦԽԽʵˣҪǻʲô޺ȭһȭء
ٺЦҲٽͣ˵壬µػǵժЩ˻ȥԡѾͷѾԼֵĲˣ
⻹⵱ĸߵġЩΡ˿Զ˵ﳤƼõ߲ˣ˵˵ȷҪҼҵЩóԶˡҲ֪զֵġ
˵ҡҡͷȻųͷ뿪ˡ
ǵöժЩȥں溰
ȣһ㶼һȥæ̫ʱͻؼЪϢʱٳȥ
ߺȭ
⼸ϰȭЩоǲ֪ʵսлôϣԺлԳԳԡ

ͷһôͻˣ
壬׼ԺӣͼͷǱ߻Щ֣ͷϺϰһȥ˵ôڶԻˡ
ͷһܹǵĲ˲Ľš
ĻͷԴҰأ
ͷܵˮƿֽȻͷ
˵ϰˮ
ͷʹĴԴ
Ǻǣͷ
һ䣬㽫ˮϵڻͷĲϡȻԴˣҰȥɡ
ͷȴûܳȥܵ裬˻βӡ
ͷҪȥˮԣԺóԵġ迴˿ͷϵˮЦӯӯĿ佱
ͷĻŴԴԺȥǰͷһۣһı顣
һѧˡ첻㷹ԡ
ܳȥĻͷЩΡ̫ĺ
ڿɲҲͷԷһڿϰ֡裬СѾͷĳ
ͷӿռ֮һ˼ʱ䣬ֵ˴ҵĻġ
ΪҾϲķ֣ͷƺܿ˵Ķԡ
һƣƨƨߵ˹һµƣڵϣͷֱлˮĶܹȥˮƿ
ӣͷ̫ˣȫҵĶ費˼˵
ЦЦĵֹĶ˵Ļء
СѾͷǱŻͷ֣磬ԺҾҪͷˣҲҪˡ
ͷڼĵλֱ
ڣĻͷԴҪѵ⣬ôʲôͷôɵˡ
ֻҡͷ̾ϢүԺʲô飬뾡ܷԸ

Թ緹ȥɽ缯иЩΪҪһλҪĿˡ
ȨԼ˽ҪݷãôҲ׼ǡ
11
ڳһæһʵӣЩ˹ҪҪȥʲô
裬㶼ʼˣô㹻ˣĳԵ갡ԡĲˣЩͷۡ
ӣ˼ҿǳˡԲĲô죿ö׼㡣
裬߲˿ɱȳЩóԶˡұ֤ǴûԹôζ߲ˡ
ȥժѻ룬Щġ
ðɡΣֻȥժˡ
߳Ժţ˺ӣǼˡ
ˣѰķ򿴹ȥ
ֻ˵ЦŴǱ߹ﻹʲô
ǰ·ϼ壬Ů
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ÿÿÿһȺ
ֻҽԱ̧һ̨ʲô豸ҴҵȺߡ
Ⱥ״ҲǷ׷ÿһͨ
ҽԱ̧豸ߵʱҲ֪豸̫ǱʲôԭаߵһҽԱͻȻһѸٵŵˤȥ
豸˲ʧȥƽ⣬ۿžҪˤȥˡ
ʱͻȻԱһֻȵصĽס豸һǡ
һз̫죬˶ûзӦʱѾȵץס豸һǣҷסǸˤҽԱ
λˤҽԱŷӦЩµؿڡȻмĿ˵̫лˣСӡҵĽźˡ鷳豸ͽȥˣ𣿡
ͷҽԱһ̧豸ٵߵߡ
ҽҽҽǶ豸ʲô⡣
Сӣ˵ͷԱߡһҽ˵
˵꣬ݸһֻһˣҲܲΪʲôˡ
õġӦһ߹ȥķҲ֪ʲô豸Ķŵ˵ͷԱߡ
ûᣡھԱߣҲһҽ
ѸٵĽļȵ˵ߡ
ȵԲԲĵҩѸٻһҺ壬˵ĿС
ĶǳѸ٣˭Ҳûп
λ˼ңҲ֪ܸܲܵʲôģھ㡣
Щ΢΢һ˶˵仰󣬾뿪ˡ
ͲҪˡżȵȻ˵
Ȼ˳Ʊ֮վ洫Ļ
ȻѾ˹
֪ǡ˹Ȼԣ²ʡ
ȻܹϡоҲ˵Ǿ仰



ʮ è
صʥʱѾ˵ˡ
Ѿ죬ɫûȫȥ
ŴСѾͷҪߵԼԺſڵʱ
ȻСѾͷԼԺſڵԼͷҲ
磬ˡۣǸ𣿡СѾͷһӭ
ͷҲǻĵͺһСѾͷһӭ
ôϲϲĴܵݸСѾͷȻʵ
ϲлл硣һȥˡСѾͷ˵꣬űԼҪߵĶĴܣԼҵķȥ
ڴ̫СѾͷֻ˫ֽȫľٹͷŵ档
ȥΪɰ
ѾͷҾΪﰡ
ֹһҲ߽ԼҵԺšϰԼԷ
֡裬һˡһһ˵
ˣûи糤ȥʵ
͹ȥˣǻҸʺá˵ʱǡ
糤̫ˡϿϴֳԷɡ˵꣬ȥ˳õķˣ˵ϡ
գⱼһ죬Щˡ

ԹڴϢ
20šһڡȤζͯУʱ䡣
˺ͱ1120ĸӣѾȨǱˡӦӨдĸ裬Ҳ͹ȥˡ
ӨʱӦѾСˡӦþͻȥˡ
߲˳ƼãҲԼˡ
Ȼ֣Լûʲôæˡ
ô𣿡
ϸ룬ûʲôˡ
ţʱƳʲôµĶˡ
ǰôľ䶫ڵءɲֻͯ͸
ֻĶʱûһʵ
ȻˣǾͳڡ˺ͱ͡èɳǡͬʱصĻᡣ
Ȱǰǲֵľ䶯Ƭè󡷣ɡ
ǧﲻѶ뿴µǾʹӡè󡷿ʼɡ
ǰè׸÷Ӱ˾1939һƬ
öƬɺԼɪ򡤰Ͳд׵¡1940ײʮʱȫһһˣȥĻ֡
ʱţķͽԩĿеĵطûɫʱĳԽԽ
ȻèǰһֱԶƬʽڵġȻҲһЩ汾ϾǹٷȨġ
ҪĵȻƬҪⲿƬıڡȤζͯϷ
ڶƬ飬ţֻҪжƬ˾ⲿƷһԼ򶯻Ȩġ
װɺԼɪ򡤰ͲλҰǵⲿƬıҲⲿ䣬Ҳ紫ȥҲܸǴ֡
ǿɲҪȨ
Ȼ˾˵ɾ͸ɡ̾ͽʺֽóֽˢˢĻ
ԺĶΪοڵָɼܡٶȻ
һǰݶ˳
ţ촫糤ǡ

ڶ磬Ȥζͯ硣
糤ӨӨѾͷȥ𣿡лʵ
ȻȥˣѾͷڿŵĺܰȨЦǺǵػص֮һֱЦǺǵġ
ȫСӵ׸дúðںڴ61죬ȫĹ׸󣬶ķӦ
л˵úáҸڴȨһЦ˵֮ǰһϲڵǡ
Ŷʲôϲлһʱ˾
Ȩһڵϴ򿪵䣬һ˵ڿոϢ˵˵㶫ҵ档
СӷģҹлȤҲæ˹ȥҪڵһʱ俴ʲô
ΪÿηĶ˾ϲ
Ȩлͬʱͺһ
Ļ壬ѾȽϤˡҲѾƷϧʵǲô
û취ⶫէǳļѧҪһƷʱͻ֣̫ᷢˡ
ڣȫؿǣĴʼܹǴһƷ
ΪЩѾֵƷʵ̫ˡ
û뵽ڻʹһƷ
ңⲿƷƺΪʱһ黰רŶƵġ
è󡷡
èʱһֱĻ֮һңֻ»̵ʱ䡣
ڣֻҪġèˡ
ǹֵģ
Ȩл˽ǰ֮󣬶ǿЦҡҡͷ
磬ŵĴڡ



ʮ ΢
521գȤζͯٷ΢һϢ
ʼƷè󡷡525ڡȤζͯʼءӭλǹĶ
ȤζͯĹģԽԽ󣬡Ȥζͯ־ҲѾȫصҪС
ȫΧڣѾһӰˡ
һڡȤζֹͯΪֹѾͻ50ᡣ
ȻͯҲֹΪֹһڡͯѾͻ100ᡣ
ȤζͯٶȣԶȡͯҪѸ͵öࡣ
֮ĲѾԽԽСˡ
ʹͯ־糤ļ١
ڣȤζͯٷ΢ٴλϽһѡ
κȤζͯڰûʲô취
糤칫κ󶫵
κ󶫿Цҡҡͷ糤ǰֹ̫ˡȷصĴڡǺǰһֻͯƷıƴǻ̫⡣
ϾǶ֪ʱԭֻǰڹȻʣ˺ֻ»󾢲㡣ڱôһ㣬ֻѾ㵥һͯĶˡ
Ժ󰡣ķֻ»ԽԽءҪȤζͯҲҪ뵽־вſˡ
ʵͷ˵ǰκҲġϵЩƷҲˡҶ˼ǵ־ϡ
κ󶫶ԴҲΣȷˡѾñ༭ȫھǱˡοؽŵġڹͺ;˫ջ£ӦûȥרˡгһߣӦòѡ
ţ־ĵһ¼Ҫץ˵
κЦЦ˵Ȼ糤ġ
ʺκǲ֪һ㣬һ̶ϴٽ˻ҵķչ
֮£ҲΪպһݹס

ʱ̹עȤζͯٷ΢̬Ŀɲֻͯ
Ȥζͯٷ΢µһ̣ȫҲѾע⵽ˡ
ǧɡ
ͬ־ǣϢϢڳµƷˡһڵġȤζͯء
¥˵ļٵģ氡
¥ϣ¥˵ģȤζͯĹٷ΢Ѿˡ
ǲ˵ǺܿͿԿĴˣ
ǰʱҶ챻ЩŪˡ
¥ϣ֪ܺˣ㻹ȥ
û취Ҿϲˡٺܱûеĺð
Ǹĺӣ
ҵͬ˲ٰ
ںˡЩƵˡ氡
ȤζͯĹٷ΢ˣô΢һ㷴ӦҲûа
¥ϣҲءԴӹע΢󣬻Ͼûп΢°
ѵϲʹ΢ߣߣȥʡ
ԣԣͬȥͬȥ


΢ȷû˿ķӦ
ȻⲢ˵ϲʹ΢ڻϰ΢ϸµĶ̬
ҪзԼ΢˺öµԡ˶ѾҪǣԼѾͨ΢ˡ
΢ЩµԡץץԴԼ΢̬ô٣ЩԲЩɰķ˿
ԺҪע΢ˡô˵ҲҲܷͷ˿ǵĽ
Ժʲô飬Ҳ΢Ϲ
ţǾȸһ̬
ǣķ˿Ƿ֣Ѿõ΢µĶ̬
װǣ˵飬ҺǸж˵Ʒè󡷣һڵġȤζͯϿʼءӭȤǰȥĶ
ѽүڸ΢ˣж
ǰЩˣʹް
ѽڲٱϵЩĥˣʹ鰡
磬ǵ񲻶ԡǵĶ˰
¥ϼλˣ˰
ǲҲϣǵԺܸжöЩ
ЩԶѾȥˣ޷ɾ˰ô죿
ҪԶЩԣ

΢ԣԴߡ
ȺûнڲٵļһЦ
˿Ҫġ
İɣǣԺǲٵġ˵

鿴΢ֱƲ죬ɪ
ĻظһЦЩ˿ҲǹƵġ
ԱϴõһƻҧһڡϸֳĺΡ



ʮ ѧ
525ա
һڵġȤζͯͯ͡С
۵صɻ𱬡
ֻһڹȤζͯĶߣֶһЩµס
Ǿȫǡ
ǿǶⲿƷڴѾˡ

һѧ
10죬ͻӭһǳҪʱ̣߿
صѧϰѹʱѹ
ΣˡѧҲաȻÿĸεĿ⣬ֲòҧ
죬һϰϡ
һαһϰͷǵʱͻȻ˽ϣϸһ־
ϸ˵ȥġ˵ѧϰ˵ʱ򣬾ȥݡ
ܹѧϰѹ
ӿó־Űɵİ־
ǰӦһƪͯûпֱӷ˺벿֣ϸֻ벿־Ϳˡ
è󡷣ոܵעɡ
ȻѧϰأǺлܹܻӭȻ˽⡣
һ۵ļҡ
һҪǣķ׷ʱ򣬴˷ණѵ⣬˵ٴһ͹仰ҲˡЦ㿪ʼ޼ɵķȥʱŻķķû취ֻԶԶĶŽ𡭡
ȤȤ̫Ȥˣ
̲סЦԭǻԴƺҲÿ
˵һûм¿ˡ׼ϰ⡣Ϊ֣˼άȸտʼʱҪࡣԡ
ɾ־ʱȴö˵
·ôˡ
ǰӦûа
ʲôһæ߿ȥֻԼ֪ʱѾΧͬѧ
㣬ʲôһʱ֮仹㲻״

ڲ֪Ǵ˵е˵ҷԵĹܡ
ǰҾ͸оҵԴ˲١
Ÿɻ󣬡ô֪ڿ
УЦôģȫҵ˶
ԭԲˡЩ˼ĵǸ
ûϵٰóͿˡѧϰЩˡ
ɻûóһǳȴȴ˹
ǼΧʲôζúܺˣǲǣ
ͬѧǲûͷҲ֪˭ˡ
ΧļͬѧʱɢԻصԼλϡһװģĿ
κһߵλԡ
ǸոտĶó
ŶڰĿ£ֻð־˳ȥ
ɫ΢ÿһЩȴûоʹȥҼ˵ƽʱҲͦʵҺģҲѧϰôϾҪ߿ˣ㷴Щ߰־ˣ
̧͵һ°εɫҧҧСĽ͵ʦΪϾҪ߿ˡҲſġոҿһҾ͸оҵԴࡣҾϰ˼·Ҫݶˡ
ӵ𣿡κɵĿ˿ϵ־˿˵ô棿
ܿ϶ĵ˵ͷ
ü˼⺢ƽʱʵҲѧϰӦòѲŶԣѵʲôݲɣĪǣһЩʲôݣ
뵽ɫһ䡣һʱ֮䣬û뵽һͯ־ʲôݡ
βɫ˵ɣⱾ־ʦһ¡ûʲô⣬ʦٻ㡣
˵ͷ˵ʲôˡӿóһϰ
־˽ҡ
γȥ󣬸ոɢЩͬѧ׷һ´Ĵָ
ȻصԼλϣȴһֱߵոհ˵ĻҲˡ

͵İ칫
һλʦŰһ־ЩԾ˵ôʦҲһ־
ʦôǰҲѧޱʵ
ʦЦһ£˵ֹңʦʦǶѧڿ
£ޱЩԾˡֻһѧûʲôôѧڿֻ˵Ȿ־ʲô֮ˡ
Ƕ֪ΪʲôѧǶϲ𣿡ޱʵ
ʦѾһˣ룬ǲǸðⱾ־Ǹѧˡ
ʦشޱ󷴶ɻˡĶľħ
ǾϸĿһ
ޱԼλ
ףȻǡȤζͯ
ޱЩԾողûϸעݡڲſ־ȻǡȤζͯ
Ȥζ֪ͯǰֻŸ߿ٽҲûˡ
߿ٽѧǵѹεѹҲС
ҼǵⱾ־һͨĶͯ־ޱ˵
ɵ־·һ֮󣬾Щˡ
ʲôʱȤζͯѾôˣⲻʱûôעһ
èǴʲô
ޱҡҡͷЩ벻סڣҲʱ
ڿǵǣҪҪⱾ־
ͺⲿƷһЩС˵ֹܡȷڽŵѧϰ֮࣬úõķһԴ
Ҳգͻɡ
߿ֻ10ˡôŬĸϰѧϰɼҲԵˡ
ѧʵķſһԴ벻Ч
ңƺĸʦƼһⱾ־



ʮ ת
桶èΪĸѧǴȥ˸
ҲΪļҳͺӴȥ˻֡
ְְ֣֣쿴쿴ֱèץסˡÿ
𣿶ӣ㿴ֻÿαèץס󣬲ûгԿèĺܲҡϰ־èſأ
裬裬һ㿴ǺȤѽ
úúãǾһ𿴡
ĶԻȫļͥﶼݡҳϲķ֣ÿ뺢һ𿴡è󡷵ʱ򡣺ӶֵĺܻԾƽʱ˵ˣǳԸʾԼĸܺ뷨
ʱ򣬰ЩƽʱộҲĻ̸ܸ˵ıʾԼ֪ˡ
ⶼǡè󡷴ġҳⲿƷ˸м
ϣƷܹһЩ
ҳǹͬ

˿̵ǧȻҲǷǳ֡
۹̫ȤˣȫҶֶˡ
ǰע⿴ķֱ顣ˡ
Ժ󰡣Ҿ׼ˣЩҲˡ
ϧʵ̫ˡֻдͯͺˡ
˵ͯǰġ˺ͱǿôͯҲܲ
Ҳáֻû˼˵ǰһֱͯǿϧˡ
˭һڵġȤζͯǰ10Ҳ
ͬһڡ

ͬһ+1000
һڵġȤζ֮ͯ󣬷˿ʼһڡ
ȨȤζͯ˵һľϲֻϲҲһڵ־ˡ
һڵ־Ҳն55ᡣ
Ҳȥһڵ־ˡ
һڵġȤζͯҪΪ֡ǰ벿ǡ˺ͱ1120ء벿桶èǰݡ
м䴩һЩߵƷ
ܵ˵ڵġȤζͯҪĸרˡ
߶ԴֻҡͷЦ
£ҲֻȤζͯĬ£ԼƷͶ嵽ģСĶͯ־ȥˡ

ϣݱ桶è󡷵ʱ
ǹڡè͡󡱵ۣڳ˼֮Ҳڽӭµı
ۿèǵЩèȻûмЦ𣿡
۹иЦأǵĹȻһֻ󡣡
ҿ̫˰Ǿֻ۸èһֻ껹Ǽǿġ
˵¥ϼλ濴Ҫôͳˡֻ·İҲʲô񡣡
ǰǼһﻹɵ˺ͱǲ
ҸϽ濴ȥ

1120Ҫ˵ǣ˺ͱèΪèǽ˷бݡȻܵ˹ĽӼ벻ǣȻһֻ
˺ͱĳ˵ܣҪ˺ͱȴ˺ͱèǡ
˺ͱΪ˸ɻأȥһĳСʶһƤƤ³ȻƤƤ³ȫкģĹھ
˭˵ֻ󾢲ģҿԽԽ
ǰԭһЩĵģǳ׵ķˡ
˵Щ磬ɧ꣬ǳƪȻڿƪ׶ΣҲؼǵÿ漸ڡ
ǣǵֻɣ˵Ѿˡ
ǰͱЩеûˡǰͯȥɡӴˡ
Ͻȥ˱֤Ǻƽദ


ǿ˷˿ÿһڵġͯǱġ
һȻҲ⡣ңˡͯҲˡȤζͯ
ȻȤζͯҪ֧Ϊս
һڹƷ˭սУߵ
һڵսֻºܿҪˡΪȻȽз͸˲źó
ⲻˡèɳǡַˡȤζͯ
ţȷһʵͯϧΪʦèֻǶԲˡ
ʼսɣ
ǣսսʱȴպЩԡ
ϲûгһεĴģ˺żһЩ໥ԵӣҲǲʹ¾ͽˡûʲôҩζ
ѵҶûпµĹ£Ӧð
ǵʲô
ǿЩ㲻ˡ˽һͬߵʵֵܣΪɶôƽ
ԷܿͻϢˣûп
ʲôǿЩֵػص
ȥɣ֪֮ˡ
ģȥлл㰡
ǣɻķǿַˡȤζֱͯӷ˺֡
֮˼ķǿٴλصϡ
Ȼ˵èһֱڶȥôоܿɰӡ
ǵϵ󣬶Ӯˡ
ǵյȷӮˡ̵УȴûٱǼҵèﰡ
ķǹġˣҪ۸
Ҳ춼취ŪԵģķ׷׷ȥġ
ǿֱһԻ
ԩϵ񲻴ڵķȥ涳˵Ľء
˼ķͽ𶼺ƽദˣǻʲô
˭˵ءһΣǺúõܹ°ɡ

ǣ˶ȵķ֡
ԭΪֻһʱĽŵĳ棬ȴΪ桶è󡷵ĳ֣÷ƽ˾ˡ
һЩ׼ֵǴʧ
ֱϧϧϧ˰



ʮ Ǳڵĵ
һתۡ
ѴʧҲȨʡ˴⡣
Ȥζͯ硣
лҸеⰡȨп
лһۣЦ糤˸е֮⣬Ӧøеźɡ
Ȩһ㶣ȻЦлܱġʲôʱҲЩȤˡ
л˵糤Ҿһᡣ
Ȩ̾˵ĶԣҵȷЩźһлͻ65ġϵЩ飬Ҫͻ65Ͳˡ
ʵԽĶԽǻǵĹעǵĹעԽ࣬ȻҲ־ӡ
Щûˣע˾ͼһݡˣ־ҲܵһЩӰ졣
ҲѹȨЩźˡ
ȨźźҲȥЩˮ顣
־Ǻġ
ͯ硣
糤Ϸƽ˾ġֻ»ǵ־һӰ찡˵
ʵͷǿ϶ġ
ҪҪȥҡû˵֪꣬糤϶Լ˼
Ͼ־ֶ֮һ糤ԱԼó
룬ҡҡͷ˵ʱˡĿǰǰеľھߵϰɡҲˣһǾ޴ġ
ҪһֱѹסȤζͯͱҪ¹ģҲˡ˵ַƽ˾Ҳֻʱġһֱƽȥġ
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šȥκһ¡
õģ糤
ܿ죬κ˽
糤ң
κĪ𣿡ʵ
ĪףκЩȷϵʵʫ̳ȽϻԾǸĪף
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糤ôͻȻˣҺ㲻ϤֻǼΡκЩ֣Ƕͯ־Щдʫ˿ûʲô
ЩֻЦҸոڲ鿴ǧѰʱ򣬷һȤĵط
ʲôȤĵطҿκ˵꣬ǰĵĻϿȥ
ע⿴20͵21Ѵʣ50͵51Ѵʡ˵
κע⵽20ѴʣĲеè󡷡21һʫ衶ӽѩʫĪס
50Ѵʣǡþǡ51Ҳһʫ衶ɽٲʫ߻Īס
⣿Ȼôɺϵ£κ󶫴⡣
ô˰ɡĪ׵ʫ趼ѹ󡣶һڳѰǰ20ǰ50Ĺؼλá⻹Ȥ𣿡Ц
κȴЩɻĵռϷ磬糤Ӧı鰡
룬˵Ѱλò֡Ī׵ʫλþЩˡʫ⻹ûʼ
ҡҡͷⲢ֡Ҫ֪ȫϲʫˣɱϲҪĶࡣϾֻһʫ裬Ѿǧ֮á
ңϲʫ˲ûʲôơпܾΪʲôԭʹýʫͻȻˡ
Ȼⶼص㡣صǣȰĪԵʫѹȼ˵һЩλöǸպһҶйءЩˡ
ô糤˼ǣĪ׻κЩֻԭˡ
ԿܻڡЩʫ˵ĶǺеġӦǻĪ׵һ̵ġСӵͯдĺãǲ˵ʫ跽棬Ӧòд˰ɡڣжôһǱڵʫ̳ˡ˵ʲôʱСӶһˡڴڴ˵̲꣬סЦ
κȴЩʵ˼ѹָոռһֻء
СӵȷǾǸýͷöġܿСӳһ󣬵ȷһĵ顣
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ӰЩ㰡һӵĲˣûмôõġңô磬ôĻȻȫˡ˵ӣⲻӦð
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һ˵˵ǺðֵЩˣǸǶǳˡԹ˿ɶ˵һҲûгԹôóԵĲˡ
Ҳܸˣ˵ǶԣǾ˵ȷʵζáҲͷˡ
ŶĪԺʲô㣿ʵ
аԺ׼۴ｨһũׯרֲЩ߲ˡˮʱҪҰæء
Ǻ°Ӻúøɣ˵Ժ廹ҪմĹء
壬ҵĳ˵ͼ˰
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ǣ骡ļðõס׳ҵİȺϦרΪݳᶨƵġ˵ܾǷ˴Ǯŵõ׸ġû뵽ȴõˡ1ŵݳϣ϶ҪһˡʱɲǽðĽ
ȴһ׸ɲΪ׼ġҪӨǸŮ˰ܾ̫ɴ࣬û˻ءΪῼǣ
ǸŮˡмһ˵ĶȴҪҪΪʲô޺޵
ǸŮ˳˳ƯһЩ⣬ʲôãȦҪװ崿Ϳ˳ˡҲ͵
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ԭˣ껸硣ʯ˵
Өĸʲô֪𣿡ʡ
Բ껸硣鲻ٰ췽Ǳϸܵġ
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Өȴȥ껸еܲˬˡ
ʯɫЩѿ룬¶һЦݣ˵٣껸硣ζ˶ˡ˵ͻĺˣҲ㻹лǸء
۾һʱӨ˵壬ϾһȡааЦСӾ仰˵Ưúã

61մݳٽý壬ŻվҲ׷װĿ۽ݳϡ
ȻεݳᲢûдƸֲμӣǻּЭǣͷٰĴݳᡣȫӰǺܴġ
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ƵÿݳٰЧôɡЧãӦþͻＯһЩʽġ
εݳᶼûʲôƸֲμӣΨһһǶֻǴšЧĻж𣿡
ǾֻϣЩ˸ǣܹһ׺һĸˡ
ʵݳĸǲʲôϣġϾǴݳᣬҪġ


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ÿһҪȥһβݡǼֻСҲ˲٣ǰ챻СѾͷֻȥι
Ѿͷֻӵһιšÿѧʱ򣬶˳·һӲݻ
˲ݻι⣬ҪԼȥŪݻι
ǸСӡֻۡѾͷƽʱСġվСԡ
ӹıᵽԺºʵ裬ǵӿ˰ɣʲôʱȥհ
ץһӲݶ棬ȻȥհɣҲûж٣һʱˡ
ţáЩأҲ˰ʵ
Щʱüȥڡ
Ŷáͷ߳Ժӡ׼ȥתһȦڻѾ𲻵̫ˡ
ڻ֮ҪȥΪ֮ȽֱֽγӲʡûܶ滨һ𱻰γֻڵҲ㡣
ֱȥڵĻ̫Ӳֻóͷȥˡʱڸɾ
ڴϹתƣ½
ЩѾڵæؼˣЩȴųͷոճš
кҲЦǺǵĻӦ
ũׯѾ˴µ뷨ǰѴ󲿷ֵضͳһ滮ͳһֲʱ϶ҪӶһЩæġ
ţȥ峤̸̸顣
峤50ꡣϰһ֣ƺΪ塱

ڶһ磬һҳͳȥˡ
ڴǸɻм̫Ƕʱ䡣һ˵ȥɻŵҾͻؼˡʱſʼ緹
Ҳǡ6ոѾڵæˡ
ҵֵĲ࣬һĶءո֮󣬰ٳһΣͿոˡ
ϾϷӲӣһ㶼ԣֻιݡ
ֲĶࡣҲֲߵز񱱷ǱߣƬƬĿʹûев
ߵضһһġλû߸ߵ͵ͣ䲻еĻһб档ʹûеֻܿ˹ֹ
ΪϷũ԰⡣
ʥ԰ʤա
߸ʹùҪһһ¸ٶȵҲ
ŵ㣬ϰָԵһӻؼˡñһ
ڵǷͬСɡٶĵӷڼϣֱɼ죬ûʲôо
ȻϰҲû͵͵ÿռȪˮ
ϰ·̬֪ϰֻûԼ죬Ҳ˵ɡ
ǱҲض˵
ҲѹϰпԴؼҺǸоԼֱ̫ࡣǰúܷѾĻɾˡ
10ӵ·̣һûЪϢһ¡һֱӻص˼
صæ緹ȥˡ
ϰʼӡӾǰӴŪ࣬Ƕֱ˹ӣʹûе
Ҳ򵥷㣬ֻҪ㹻Ϳˡ
ץһϣֱѽӵһͷˤȥͿˡ֮һϵӾȫˡ
ڣϰȱٵľ
أأأڶ
緹ãջѾ˽ӽһˡ
ٶʹ΢΢Щ㵡
Թ緹ϰûö೤ʱ䣬Ͱȫˡ
ЩոմӣԺƽ̯Ա̶̫ܹȵɹЩӡ

ʱ֣һȥһ˵ʣµȫ˻
죬Ҫũǻˡ



ڰʮ ʫ
ǣʫЭܲ
ôΣ׿ʵ
׽42꣬ʫЭԱʫˣдʫһסɽС֮Ѹǰ뻪ʫЭᡣ
ڰ׶ΪԪҲ42꣬ͬΪʫЭԱڻҲڲ֮䡣ͬдʫ
ʱԪüͷ΢壬һŴʫ˵զ֮´ֱɲϸϸƷζһζԣȷԿһʫѵǴ֮ãӦҲʫǺ
ЦȻѾʫһλͯһ˿΢дġ
Ŷ˵Ǹ˺ͱԪһʱȤ
ǣҲ֪ʵ
ԪһЦ˵Ȼ˵СڵҲСˡġ˺ͱԼèڻкܶϲ
ҲЦȷƷдʫҲ֮Сֻǲ֪żȻилǿΪ֮
Ԫһ˵²⣬ֱȥˡ
׵ͷҲǣֻðȻȥЩͻҸһмˡţҼǵ֣ǰƼһƪƪͯɣȥݷһ֣Σ
ţҿԡԪͷͬ⡣

ʥ塣
ڷɹõӣȻֻ
صһȨġ
ѵʲô⣿һֹһ߽ͨ˵绰
糤ӦúæŶ԰绰ɶ¶
ϵܰΪеæûз㲻ҵȨ
ҵʲôҵ֡
Сǰǲ΢дһף
Ϊɶءţдһסô糤ҪҰЦ
СӰ㳶ˣֱӸ˵°ɡϸһæءӵģ׺Ԫ֪𣿡
ʫˣ֪״ʦʫء
֪ͺáǺʫǳȤҪġǾֱЩͻҵ֣ϣ֣ϾҸ˵һ㿴⣿
ҵҰλʦ̫ˡӦȥݷǲŶԡɣQDŸңϵ˵
УҾöϢ㡣ˣˡϸæءСӶ
æ
˵꣬˵绰
׻⡣ϾΪһʫˣʫǿ϶ǻϲġ
Ӧôȥлһ°׵ġ˼Ϊһʫ̳ʦһ˵ʫӦȥʾһ¸лġ
а׵QDˣҲò÷ˡ
ܿ죬յȨĶϢ
򿪵ԣ½QD׵QDŷһ롣
ܿ죬׾ͨ롣Ϣ˹
𣿡
Ͻصʵҵ״ʦĪҪ˳ƺˡ
ҾͽһϵܰɡҲýҰ״ʦˣͳƺΪϸǰʦɡ
׿ҲǺˬ֮ˣҲ顣
СΪһǽʦˡʫҪлʦء
ϵܿˡϵʫһζһϵܣôʫģ
СʫӡվѵǴ֮ãСӳ֮Ϊʫ
ʫãһʫ̫ˡϵǿһµʫ尡
ʦĪҪٿ佱ˡСӲվھ˵ļϣżиˡ
һվھ˵ļϡϵᰡϵĪҪǫ飬ִʫȤĬ׶ҹʫĻ˵žصá
һ㣬ͬʫԳֿʼչֳǿǺ䴫ġϾͨ˵Щ̫ŵʫʣҲ̫
ʦ˵СЩƮƮȻ
ϵܣһϵ˵һ¡ϵ֪ʫʴᡯ𣿡
˽һЩ˵еġ
ţʫʴᡯҲ˳ΪʫᡯſʼСʫ֮ǰѾʼˡϵܿȥǵĻʫЭ˽⡣
õģû⡣ʦ˼ǣ
һϵܣûȤμӽʫʴ᣿ϵܵʫʣϸҺܸȤţϵдʫɲֹӽѩһס
μʫʴ᣿ǰû¡ڰ϶ֱӾܾġţȥ˽һ¹ٿɡ
ʦʫʴᡯһô˽⡣Ҫȥ򣿡
ӦġϵҲؼһʱظ
õģʦ
ţǾȲϵˡϵʲô£ʱҡ
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˺Ͱ׵ĶԻҲʫʴ
ţȥ˵
ǣּЭᡣ
˵ϵܻμôԪʵ
ӦûģҸоʫʴΪĲμӣ÷ǳ֡Ц
Ը˰ɣòײôһ˼ˣ̫ϧˡ
ǰڵʫ̳һƬ٣ʵҲһƿˡѾкʫˡҪѪҺʱ򡣡Щп˵
Ԫͷ漴ЦЦ˵ϰװҲصǣʫʴֿǲ١˵оϲء
ҲЦţȷˡ



ڰʮһ ũׯƻ
򿪻ʫЭ׾ҵ˹ʫʴĽܡ
ʫʴֳʫᡣÿũ³ʮСһʱ䣬ֻľ׶Ρ֮ǰкѡΧ
ÿ궼Уҿȥ¡صӡ˶ʫȷжӡ
ľ׶ȻҲǴũİ³ſʼʮһ£ũ³ţǡþǹ99ա
ţ64ţܾ3µʱ䡣
ܾ֮ǰѡ81տʼ91ս91ָΪ㣬ͳһʹù
뷽ʽҲǳ򵥣ֱӰԼƷͶ嵽ʫЭָλþͿˡͶƷڹʾ
ʫЭٷЩͶУѡǰ100뵽Χ׶Ρ
ѡǸרҵǵͶƱۺжϡ
ÿһλʫЭעûԸԼϲƷͶƱÿλעûͶƱ
ͷѡҲ㹫ƽ
뵽Χǰ10010С顣ÿСֿȡÿСǰ4ϼƹ40˽뵽ľ׶Ρ
Ȼе˶ҪμӺѡΧЩѾһʫˣΪѡֱӽ뵽ľ׶Ρ
ûˣҪμӵĻֻʵʵĴӺѡʼˡ
ƵͦʺԼμӵġ뿪ʼһʱء
ҲգǾͲμӰɡýαǰЩʫ硣
ٺ٣ʱɲҪϹǵ۾˰ٺЦ
ҪμʫʴᣬҲͲȥˡΪ뿪ʼвµʱءңҲ˿׼
û취ʿĸ
صԣԺ档ɹ̫󣬶෭ɹ¡ɹһͿԽˡ

ϣһ˳ԷʱϰһԼũׯƻ
ũæڣʱ׼ũҲѾתˡþͿԶˡ
裬ǰ˵ǵܹɹĻҴڴｨһũׯڣǾôʵ
ϰֳһ£ͷ˵ҾÿԡԺֵĶڵǿһũׯԺƲ͡ҪũׯҪòٱǮġжǮ
ЦǮ϶ȤζͯйɷݵġԺÿµӯӦֵܷ١
һ仰û˵ĿռﻹҰɽءҲ֪ˣСȥڳˣֵƶͲˡ
ϰһۣһʱû¡˵𣬲ڿɱǮˡ
ϰֵͷʵûʲô뷨
Ѵؾܶͳһֲǲ֪òð죿
ϰ룬˵صĻֻҪ΢ĸһЩӦûʵڴҿҲ벻˼ǮֻҪ۸ʣܶ˻Ըġ
Цû⡣׵ģҸ϶ԼֶҪߵĶࡣңһһЩ֣϶Ҳʵġ
ϰֵͷţȥһ´峤˵һ£Ҳ鷳峤˼˵һ˵黹ô峤ȽϺá
ϣϰ֡Ҳġ


ڶһ磬ȥϼһ̻ҪȥҴ峤£ܲܿȥǡ
Թ緹ọ̃˳ѡһЩԼҵ߲˺Ϳռˮϰһ峤ҵķȥ
컹ǡȤζͯķڡЩȨȥģֻҪʱϿҵ۾Ϳˡ
10֮ϰ˴峤ļ
ϰֵĵ顣
һкϰ£һ˵ôʲô㲻֪ڿʥءֵЩ˵Ѿȥˡ
Ц壬ΪһЩӦõġ
ϰҲЦϸⶼӵ⣬ɶ
СЩǿǰԵĺܰҸɶ¶
˵壬ӵġԼĴ˵һ顣
һϲǺ¶ֲ˵ı˭֪ԼֲǮءһֲ˹ԼҳԾͿˡ˵Ժ󰡣ӻ˸ԣءҪðⶫɱɲ͡ʱˣﶼζ
Ц壬ҼȻǿ϶оԵİա黹鷳æ˵˵
ȻҸ˵˵顣ӦòЩأûһµ뷨
ϰֶһۡͷȻ˵壬ҺϰѾˡʹӴӵڴʼԲ״죬ӣɽţƬ
һҪɴ°ȫûǮ



ڰʮ 
Ҫôأʵһ
һ˵ӣҪЩؼһٶĶ
Ц֪棬һĶһ3000Ǯ壬ô
һ˵᲻̫ˣһĶһ2000ǮˡһĶ3000ĶҪ30򰡣㣿
֪ڵʲôЦ壬Ǯ㲻õġҿϰңҲԸึһЩҡϾ׵ġңһ3000黹ֻǿʼ׶ΡԺũׯãٸֻ壬˵Ը𣿡
ЦҲԸֻӣȷǮ
ʱϰһЦϸǮ㲻ġдЩǮһҳ˹ɷݡǮһӦõó
֪¸ϰ˵ʱϰҲŵòᡣ30򰡣ζûôǮôǮȥأ᲻̫ðˣϰ辡룬ȴûֹЩǮģԼĶӡ
ӸԾˣɵôǮˣããӲǴѧЩǮǿ붼밡
˵壬ԺҶܶǮġ
һ㶣ĿһۡȻЦˣãðгϢˣҡãð
ȻЩпĶϰ˵аǳ˰гϢˡ
ϰæǫһ䣬üۼĸ˺οôҲβסġ

ʡǡ
ӨԴݳһ֮󡣲ڻ鳪ƬĵλȣҲǡ䡱ֱǡǳΪһլµŮ
ԭӨŮôƯϱ𺳵ˣûע⵽
ǰҲǺŷӨԭôƯӴԺҵŮ񡣹
¥ϣҵŮŶԡ
ʲôǼӨŲϡǵŮء

Ө΢˿Ѿͻưˡ
ˣҲ͸ˡ
Өھͺܷա鳪ƬܼģѾǰĥӲݼСʱˡҪִ֪ʦϵʽ
û취סáʵ̫ˡڸƬ˾ɶĦȭƣҪˡ
ǻ鳪Ƭӵôõƣ˾ȥˡǿɾ̫źˡ
Ө֪ڹʲôʦϲ˴ŶԲԣģǾȥ˼ҡֻʦʱ򣬿ȿǻ鳪ƬͿˡר⣬ģ˾ѾȫΪĵһרˡ
˼ңӨֻЩۡ
ε˵ܼ࣬ϵʽ治ھ͸㡣ұҪ˼ҵͬⲻǡ
ʵӨȻһҲֻһǡ鳪ƬвٱӨˡ˾ԸΪӨȫרҪΪӨִʦ
ǱðӨչ˺ˣǵ˼ִʦˡʦܰôĸ͸Өݳǹϵ϶һ㰡
ȻҲͨӨݳá׸裬Өʹڵľ޴Ǳ
ܼĥӲҪϵʽӨǲ÷УֻǾúΡ
ʵѾкüұȻ鳪ƬĹ˾ҪӨڹȥˡֻӨûͬ⣬ѡڻ鳪Ƭ
һ鳪ƬʡǣʱԻؼҡ
ȥЩƬ˾δؾǼ¡Ƭ˾ԴãҲȥĻ˼δؾͻжӡ
˵Ի鳪ƬȻ˵ϲҲᡣǰܹ˾ӣҲ⡣Ͼ˾ĺøԴ̫٣ȷֲһûκˡﶼһ
˾˾껡Ȼ˼٣ҲδľٶҲǿԽܡ
ܼļӨһβӣֻ˶ˡӨʦ˵鳪Ƭʱҹ˾ĳǳߡô
Өϸ룬ͷ˵û⡣

ӨһȨʱҲΪ·ա
ǿԺеһߺȲһߵȴ۽ġһ绰Щˡ
绰ȨһѴġѵĶҲȦչֻߵϷ·ӡûʲôϵȦҲЩٲά衣òײһĵӾ棬һСɫ
¾ⲿӾйءⲿӾѾൽɱʱˣɵӾȴٳûȷ
ܵݺɶеıѡ̫⡣ΪӣȴʼǷȱһʲô
ֱǰһݳϣáճܵݼѣЩѡȱٵľִĵĸо
Ҫ֪ⲿӾ˹ʷһλպӢۡ
ǣɾ԰ݷһ¡áĴûлλʦΪĵӾ紴һ
ϧλʦءɶһϵûϵ֪˭ƺֻǸӨӨȻûйݵĴ㡣
ú̾ϢѣֻԼûԵ֡
һżȻĻ£ȨλѵĶ֪顣һϲ֪ǸһƷĸӨϰһλѵŮͨϵϵλصִʦ϶õݵĸм
˵ݵĸмԺķչֻ¾ͻˡһǧѷĻᡣ
ǣͰϰ˵ˡϰ̶ֲӴôõķչᣬҲͺƤȨ˵顣
ȨЩˡһѣѵԵΪӨ϶Ҳȥѵġ
һ棬Ҳø顣ӨŮΪдһ׸ҲͰˡ
ѵĶӵĵҪд裬ʲô¶
ȨΪѡ



ڰʮ ĵ
ĳӾֳ
˵ǸʲôŵСԱĿϵʦ𣿡ƽʵ
üͷ΢壬˵ȵȿɣֲʧʲô
²˰ⲿϷмɱˡٳٲȷĻܻӰ쵽ĺƽ˵
ˣơзִ硣ЩͷĻӻ뿪ˡ
ƽ˼ܲס޷ǾϣԼܹͬ⽫סΪˡסǿҲﵽ˺ɵҪֻǺɾ׸Ǻȱܴ꣬˵ġ
ɲ뽫ͣѴѪĵӾ硣ϣⲿӾܹΪʷᣬǾͱҪһʺ
ֻҪһϣҾͲʵǲУҲֻסˡ̾ϢһԶˡ
ߺƽҲüͷǳõһ˵Ʒ׸ܹΪⲿӾĻǻλ˵𵽷ǳá
һ׺õܹһӾɫ֡෴һõĵӾҲܳɾһ׾ⲿӾ磬ԣƽŻἫƼ׸衣
ȻסҲȷ㡣ڶ౸ѡõһףһҲϡס㹻㣬ƽҲΪⲿӾǺɵѪҲѪ
ƽ˼ţֻͻȻˡλ˴ġ
Ƹ磬ôͬ𣿡
С㲻õġһᾡΪȡġ׸ǳãҵλִʦ֣Ҳδؾ׺áҶ׸ġ

ʥ塣
ڼʹ峤̸飬ϰֱǻص˼
ǡȤζͯķգ׼ϿҵۡϾǵۣһ˵ǷǳҪġ
մҳȨQDϢ˹
Ȩԥ֮󣬻Ǿ˵һ顣𲻴ӦͿСӵ컯ˡ
ܿ죬ͨQD˽ȨҪ˵顣
˼һʵ˵λҪԵ
ǵģλȷ˼Űݷá
˼Ժҵũׯ󣬱Ҫο͹ġЩ˹ΪҵũׯѵȿĵӾΰɡû⣬ҲԸǴһ
Ӱɣ糤ת˵ҪȷӾκ󣬲
ɲֱӾʹӦҪ֪ԺеЩɶǾ䡣һӾ磬ҪΪ䴴ǼֱǶЩ衣
Ӧõġô˵ϵͬλˣ
ţɡǰԼʱС
ǳɣллϵܡ
糤ˡⱾͲʲô¡
˵ȷʲô¡аǰЩ䶼Ĵ㡣ڣʡ¶ˡ
ҪֻǰѺĹأЩ鰵Ͷ

Ȥζͯ硣ȨʱпǧǵõԼһϵʱԥ˺ð죬հѵ绰ȥ˵ġϣλҲ˰ɡ
ϵᣬ׻жٱû¶

ȨĶԻҳ
Ƕԡ˺ͱ2130ɺܸߡԡè󡷵ĵ46ҲһƬ
ȻġèɳǡҲɱ˺ܸߵˮ׼
һΣڡ˺ͱ͡èɳǡ˭⡣ֻһˡһ˫Ϊè󡷵ĳƻһιҪȼսˡ
ⳡսӿʼڣѾˡǰֻʤһû̫ơèɳǡǿս
Źµ롣ţ˺ͱƻԵġ

ĳӾֳ
һλ20˼Ϣĵطһһ˷ܵغݣݡʦͬˣ
ڲ鿴ѾõӰƬΡ󣬴һ˵˵ʦͬΪǴˣ
˽нźǼĵݣЩε˵ݣʦûдӦΪǴֻͬȥݷ˵ҪǵĵӾ
ȴûоʧǼ˵ȻȻֻҪ͹ˡСнǰɣɵúã
˵꣬ɻصĽļ
ɰѽˡܵһٶǱԺпܻԼ
ǧѷĻᣬǰסˡҪлλʦһ֡
һԵĸƽĻȴһСֹǺôӡ
ֻǺ˷ܵУɲұʾ˿ӡ



ڰʮ Űݷ
ԭΪɻٹû뵽ǵڶ죬Ȩʹ绰˵ҪʲôʱԣʱҲһ
룬ûʲô¡
67ա
һȥɽ缯Щ˵˼ҹݷΪܵþ֮겻ǡ
ʱһɫʥķʻ
һˡ˾⣬ֱǣܵݺɡƽƬżԼȨ
糤רҹ̫лˣ˵
ˡĳȻרǡĳҲϵܼҵʳȨЦ
ɵȨ˵۾һ仰Ϣе󰡡
ЩԾ˵糤˵ġϵܡĪǾʦʦ᣿
ȨЩŹֵЦʱǼʱȻˡ׼
üͷ΢΢һ壬᣿дáĸ
ƽȴ۾һ᣿ð
һֱû˵ƬżʱͻȻ˵糤ո˵ϵܼҵʳ»ʲôʳɣ
ȨһЦ˵ʳϵԼֵ߲˺ˮζһҲ˰
߲˺ˮżЩʧҪ֪ʳжӵġΪʲôɫû뵽ֻһЩ߲ˮ
߲˺ˮٺóԣܺóԵȥ糤˵δ̫˰ɡ
ɺƽҲһŵӡ
Ȩǵı֪롣аЦЩ˳֮ҿǻı顣
֮񳵳ʥڴ
ǾͰѳͣλã߽ȥͿˡȨ˵
ͣúһ߽ʥ塣
·ϣȨ½˼ϤĴ񣬺ĺʹк
ҲϳȨʡǮˡҲ׷ЦŻӦ糤˰
߹ȥ֮󣬴Сš
ǸƵǮˡһЩ˺ҲǮ
ҿˡǼƣ񻹴ͷ
ʲôʱʶЩˣ
Ժֻеˡ

ҲִۣһڴҲʵ̫һЩ
糤Ӿɫż͸п
ǰȥũҲˣûмôƯġҲ˵
ȨЦʲôĵطءʱǿԺúתת
Ȩ˵꣬Щ⡣·ҲӵһƵġ
ʱͻȻǰһСǰȥֻһɫ
ãй˶ʱųһ亹ôһô죿
Ȩ״æ˵ҲҪ£ӭǵġ
ѾܵǰǵĲ˲ȨĿȡȨ󹷵ԴЦͷô֪ˡУôôˣ
Ȩ΢΢ЩԾԼϴιû೤ʱ䰡һȴǳ˼ȦҲѹָոռ˻ŵô
ЦŶԺɵ˵ҲҪ¡ҵĻͷһýӭˡǲǰͷ
ͷæ˵Դ
ɵ¸Ծˡ˵Ļˣ
ȨЦǰ˵һЩְ
⡭ɵ

ͷǼһոܳȥˣӦȨǵˡһֹһ߳Ժӣ׼ӭȨǡ
Ȼ߳ԺӡͼһȺ˸ŻͷԼҷǰȨ
ϵܰϸˡȨԶԶĴк
ӭǰȥһһЦʱӭ
ܡȨչ֮˵
λһֱҵϵܡϵܣǺɺȨ˵
׼ڼ֮󡣺ɻǴһ̫ˣеĻҪᡣЩʧôдʲôĵĸסáд𣿻Ǳиָ㣿
Ȼ룬ɻ֣ʦĳˡ
һЦ֮˵СʦֺĪҪˡ
ոչ۲ɫѾŲµ˶Է뷨Щɬ̫ˣ˿ᰡ
ȨֽƽżͣԼ˾
ƽ֮ҲǳһЩֻˡ
ѾĻҵִʦԭôһСӡСȻЩֲŻдʲôøסáֻиָ㡣ٺ٣󻹲ֻѡסΪȻҲˡǾĵһˡǰСܱȵ˵ġ
Ѿֿ˻ƽȴǲɫ֣һ
ż͵ûô뷨бȡõĸȻáûеĻסҲԡֻҪ֤ⲿ׬ǮͿˡ



ڰʮ Ҫ
ͺ֮˽뵽Ժ档
ϰҲӭ˳
ϸ磬ĳˡȨϰִк
ϰҲЦ糤ˣǿʱӭ
ϰźɵ˵λ¼ªǼЦˡ
ϰϴȨ֮ٿЩǮţҲپˡ˵Щ˿ɶµġ
ɵæϸ̫ˡǴ˲Ŷԡ
Ȼ΢΢ЩʧȻǶڴ˵ء
ƽȻЩСžšȴ˿ҵ
ũûôأұԺ
ʱż˵ϵܣҸոտԺƬ˵غۡѵǾ糤˵ԼֵĲˣ
ЦǡܶЩȤ
żҲЦȷЩ˱糤áУޡġҵҪúóһġ
ѾȨ˵ζʲôϣˡɵԺЩ߲ʱͻȻһǿҵʳСûмôƯ߲ˡЩʲôҲ˵ء
ȨͻȻ˵ôЩĳ˵Ļˣ
żҲ飬ЦȷˣЩ˿žͲһ㰡
ٺЦԷʱܿҪúóˡȻЩҳСˣҲζء
ããҺڴż˵վԺȥ߱˵ȥЩˡ

Էʱ
ףˡ
ѽζ
ܰɣôôóԣ

ȻȫǼҳСˣż͵˳Եȫ۾ԷٶԱƽʱ࣬Ҳ˲ʲôˡ
ȨЦ
ȴ΢΢Щ⡣
ϴһȥռժЩˮ
ٳЩˮ
Ȩ۾һץһӳһܵӡ
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ˮδҲ̫ó˰ɡ˵ϵɹҲŰ
ȨЦôǼλڳ˵Щ𣿡
ż͸пֹǲŰǸٸߵҲΪ˵ϵܣЩ߲ˡˮҪ
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Цʱϲԣȥʱʹȥ׼ｨũׯרֲЩ߲ˮǸʱҪĻɾҪǮˡ
żæ˵ԣԣԣϵܣȷӦýũׯôóԵ߲ˮֵ㡣Ǿ̫ϧˡ
Ǯǲ£ӦøǮµǣĺöǮҲһĵ
ҲЦðϵܵũׯ֮ϸҪΪĳˡЩ߲ˮ˰˶Բ߲ˮˡ
˵ҵũׯú󣬻鷳
ɻû𻰣ż˵һáµʱ˵̫࣬Ӷ̤ƽ˰
ż˵꣬ЦҲһЦ
Ц֮˵̸̸°ɡȻֻºĻһֱء
˵ҲæЦݡ˵Ǿ鷳ϵȿǴӰСɡ
õġͷ
ɱЯıʼǱԴ򿪣ѾɵӰСų
һ߲ţɻһ߽ͣⲿӾɴ桷еԼǣǾԵʵɡⲿϷͶҲƵʷġڷװߡȸ棬ҲҪ󾫡
ͷʵôⲿڴǣ
Ҳͷ϶˵ҹʷ㡢ĵӾ硣ҪⲿӾﵽ10꣬20á
ٴεͷ㲻˵ϸĹۿЩӰСҪԼҪóĸ
ɺżͼרעһ˿ϣΨƽЩмװģҿдõ
֮ŹصӰСͷ˵ܡƵⲿӾﵽҵҪҿΪ䴴һҪ׸İȨҸݳ߱ѡ
żֻЦЦЩкȥܡ
гԭôܴܲһЩɵġڿһ̬Ǹ˷緶ڰȨûʲôǱҲûָ°ȨڶҪЩò׼˼룬ʵ
ϵܣڸݳߣѾȷѡˣǡ
ЦûУҶڵȦɲϤӨ֮⣬ҲûϤĸֻ֡׸ܶԸֵߵȷЩҪԲŻȷѡ
۾һ˵ƺǱѾһЩ뷨ˡ
ϵܵ˼ǣ
ҵһ뷨ֻǲ֪ʲʣģԶ⹫˵ΪǵĵӾ紴һѰʵĸݳЩĸ¼һԼСңѡ񡣡˵
ɾһ˵ҿ취Сƾ㡶áߵݡζݳĸءֻûһҪҲСɸѡΧ
˵ԣϣ߿գǿ
ЩԾϵҪɲͰ
һЦ˵ø赱ȻݳߵҪˡ
һ㶣ҲЦãðϸҺڴ
ƽЩˬߵ̬ڵôߣĸôҿǫ̂



ڰʮ QDƽ̨
ͬԼҪҲܸˡһˡ
ǾոᵽȨʱ򣬺ȻԼһԴǾǡáĸطֳɡ
ѡáݳȨԴ紫ȨӨȨԼϡ
ӨǰѾ׸ŵQDƽ̨Ҹء÷QDָռ50%
QDƽ̨ÿһ׸Ҫ1ԪҲ˵áÿһΣܵõ0.5Ԫ
0.5ԪࡣˣҲһȿɹ۵밡Ҫ֪ĿǰáĻȳ̶ȣԵͲˡ
һøϽȥһ£ڵжˣ
ǲ֪е뷨ʵϵܣҪ೤ʱ䣿
˵ɡҵĸ֣ô֮󣬺Ϳ׸ˡ
죿ϵܣ᲻̫ˣʵҲôżġЩǵ˵
֪뷨һЦ˵һСˣһҲ͹ˡв30ҲȻ
һҲͷ˵ЩȻҲ
̸һ£ֻ˲١Ȼڻȷôڴ
̸ĲˡȨϵܣǲҲȥתתأʵ˵ϴҿһҲûп
һҲ¡ӴڵһС·ѾǴ۽ˡطʲôҲǺ档ټϣǿͷˣڴӵĶ棬һƵɽ塣
ǣһδһȺڴ
ֱĵ㣬˲Щ뿪ȻҵЩ߲ˡˮ˿ûٴ

˿ˣ򿪵ԣڼ뿴áжˡ
ڴӦɵ˿׼ɴ桷𣿿컹ʲôʱȥһʡǣѸͿˡ
ţԺˡԼרҵ¼ɡ뵽ҪƳĸкܶ࣬ܲÿζʡܰɡ
ԳɹQDƽ̨
ڰȨǳӣҪظǶҪѵġ
QDǹڹģƽ̨ṩֵԴء¼ĸҲǷǳĶֻ࣬µϰ֮ࡣ
档ǾصĲβˡ
ע⵽ڵаϡǰļ׸Ѿǧ֮ĲָҲʮ򲻵ȡ
ںЩͿˡǧѾܲˣ󲿷ֻмʮϰٵЩΪ㡣
⿴ЩۣҲ̫˰ɡ
ȻЩܵ͵ĸΪҵ˵ƷQDֲûкԼϵǰѸϴأҲֻΪԼе롣
QD־ĳ׸ôǾͻ׸İȨߣǩһݺԼǩԼQD־ͻЩһЩӦƼ
Ƽĸٲ
ȻֻǶһ˻ְ߶ԡЩ˵ƷֻĳλݳĸƷ֮ǰͿֱӺQDǩԼˡ
ǶƷǴݳĸֻƽ̨֮ǰѾ˸ôͻƽ̨ˡ
áѾòٻĸÿһƽ̨Өеƽ̨Ҫáǵƽ̨
գӨѡƽ̨QDƽ̨
֣QDƽ̨ϡЩǧĸͻᱻ¼ڡ㾭䡱Ƶ档ĸᱻ¼ڡﾭ䡱Ƶ档
Ŀǰ㾭Ƶ¼ĸֻмסﾭƵ¼ĸҪһף100ҡ
ȻQDƽ̨һҪطǾֽƽ̨κ˶ƽ̨Ͻиס
ƽ̨ҲּܵЭļලͱ
ڣáQD۵Ƽλϡһϲȥ׼жˡ
ȥ֮͵һҲ̫˰ɣ
ȻѾϵܲ⡣
áѾͻ100Σﵽ110ΡҪ֪һڵʱѣһ110εȻٶȻ׸豻¼㾭ƵӦҲò̫ʱ䡣
Ȼáᱻ¼㾭Ƶǿ϶ġֻû뵽ʱôѡ
׸ҲѾˡһ£϶ǶԸҲݳӨʹġ
Щɷµķ˴ʵݡ
ÿЦãЩѻǿɰĽ
ʱһҪ⡣ȵȣƽ̨ҪĿǲ鿴áġ
ڣѾˡҲ˵ھܵõ55Ԫķֳɡ
ѽ˼顣ôǮˣ



ڰʮ ȥʡ
áĿǰѾ55롣
Ȼ뻹ֻЩȨ˵һȤζͯ־ڵӯ
ڡȤζͯÿѾͻ55ᡣÿ־ȥ߸ѡԱʵȳɱ⣬2ԪҡÿڡȤζֻͯǴ110ԪҡټڡȤζͯĹҲˮǴߡ
ܵڡȤζͯÿڵĴ400ҡһ¾1200ҡ
ȤζͯĹɷ20%Ҳ˵Ŀǰ㣬ÿ¾õ240ҵķֺ졣
զ֮ºռ˴ˣʵȻҪ֪Ȥζ֮ͯǰȤζͯÿڵֻп2ңǿάֲ㲻ˡ̸ʲôǧء
ԣȨ˵Щʱ򣬼ֱüɫ裬ֱԵָɷݵľԼһȷѡ֮һ
ڲ֪УѾôǮˡЩϰߡ
ӵĻũׯıǮˡҪҵؽũׯ飬Ѿڴﴫˡ
ǵȻⲻһۡ
мǳϢ˰˵ҪϰĶء
ǰҸһһĶ3000ءûǮ
˼ĺãΪ롣
Ҫⲻ
ⲻϻҼһĶءһҲ˼Ǯ˼ӣʲôҲùһ3000롣ֺҰ˵˼ӴҵũׯҲôְ֧
˭˵أ˵ӿĽĽ˵ǴֻҪԣء
˵ԺҪйˣǲ֪ʲôҪҼӺʵĻҾͽŷӸɡ಻˵˼Ǯ
ǳ׳ϢˡҪ帣

ЩֻһЦѰ˼ŵȴ峤Ǳ߰ѴҪشСǼǺ֮󣬾ͰѺͬǩˡ˳ѵһҲˡôõǮҲ㰲ġ
ڶ죬ȥʡǰ
ĩСѾͷѧһɽ缯С
ϴһ˽һЩˮȥ͸顣΢΢ߺɫԼϣѾԽԽˡʹ߳Уŵʱ򣬸ƮƮˡ
ûעǡڽˮʱһ˫ʵ۾һֱڶ
ܿ죬ȥسǵĳ
һΣһ·ϵûзʲô⡣һ·ƽ˾ľ͵ʡǡ
11㣬߳ʡվ
¼軹ȥϴǼұ¼ɡǸ۾СӸӡǺܲġ
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ߵʱ˵绰ԼڼҵʱûϵҲͰˡⶼʡǣҪȥѧУٲϵǲЩ˵ȥˣ
ţҲա͸Ѿͷ˵һɡѾͷԸԸͿԼˡ
ţͲͨĵ绰⻹ϴηֿһϵ
ܿ죬绰ͷʹ羪ϲ
𣿡
ǣǰû뵽Էôľϲ
٣ڸҴ绰ˡӦʲô°ɣȻŲء
ǣûʲô¡ҾǸ˵һʡǣ׼ȥ¼һ¸衣Щε˵
ʲô¸裿¼ϴҪʱ߲١
ϴɡ
˵绰ʼ磬ֹ¼׸ôԺĸ軹ء
Сʱ֮ﱱ¼ſڡѾˡ
ɫTһɫȿ㣬鶯áһϯʱмԼİɫȹȹճΣԵõŰ
˻ȫͬԸǲ֪Ϊ۵ġ
˿۾һ绹û߽ʹʵʵ˵סáǲдģ
ȷдġӦµ˰ɡ˵
ǵȷǲµˡֻЩŰˡʱЩĵ˵
Ͳµ׿ڳϣЩ˼顣
ȴ˷ܵ˵¼裬ʲô裿
ⶼûأɶЩѾͷҲ̫ļ˰ɡ
Щڨڨ˵Ͻȥɣǵš
ߣһϴˡʲô谡
ò£۾ˡȻҲѾ֪Ҫˡ
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Щͷ۵Ŀ˿һ˷ܵ۾꣬˵͸ϽȥϴǼ¼ɡ
Ŷԣԣԣϴ
˵ɲԲҪϴ󰡡Ƶġ
õģϴ󡣡

߽¼ʼ
һСʱ֮߳¼˿ͨ۾꣬ҡҡͷһûˡ
߳ûȻöЩۡϴ׸㡭
ͣϽͷֹ۾߿׸Ҳ
Ϊʲôϴ󣬼۸ԲⰡ۾껹ǲġ
ⲻǼ۸⡣˵ΪʲôҪأЩΡ
۾ҲԼոЩ̫ڼˡЩڨڨ˵ӵġһ磬һֱڳҵϴƴ߱Ƚϸ߿һֱûҵʺĸԣôһֱĬĬšո׸裬ҾãҾá
ñȽʺЦŽӿڵ
ţǵġԣٺ٣Ǹ۾˵ţ˴֣Щ˼
ģһ֣˵ҵĸǺܹģ㡭
۾һ̾ôĸ裬ҵȻ֪ܹˡֻһ±ۣȻȻҲġ
ҲЦݣ˵ˣոǿЦġ׸Ҳġ׸ҲԼҪһݳ¼һθСҡһӦֵĸСһѡѡΪʺϳ׸ˡ
ģûĸҲУ۾۾һЩŵĿ
ЦȻģֻȻƷҪãġ
Ȼлл㣡۾мĿս˫֡
磬ˣ



ڰʮ Ȧ
λŮ
Ϣ˵
ôͺˣæվ˵
ǰЦ
ٺ٣ǿ˰ɣߵ˵
Щ˼˵׸費ʺҳҾûгСҪࣿ
緭˷ۣƲƲ˵ɶġ׸д˭ģ
ĵôˣûǸ۾СҲô𣿡
ʱûȷǶ˰ɣߣǳԷϽתƻ⡣
֪ˣֻܶݺݵ˵ãԾͳԡҪԺõġ
û⣬صмֱģ
ɪŮһۣȥ
Цһ漴ϡ

ʡǵ֪ȦѾ׷ˡ
еĴ͹װӾ硶ɴ桷ܵݺɣ΢ϷһذϢ
áĴʦΪһʦȫѡݳߡߣɱѡҪԣϣ߿գǿĸ¼һԼĸС֮ڷʦĵ䡣ʦĵ˽ҡ
һʯǧˡɵ΢˽ȦԼý塣
һ׸ǡáһλߣȻǡáĴʦ
Ƭֹ˾ѰӰڴ
ĻǲĸѰʦڴʦҲΪдһ׸衣
ȫԡҲѰʦʦдáĸ
ǧѰϣʦ춼ǰʮλ
ϧǣʦءûгڴڵҰС
죬ʦϢ˾ϢǣϢѸٰռ˸ýͷͷ
ذϢִʦٶȳ֣Ϊɴ桷
ʦѡ¸ݳߣһֽ˭Ϊ˶
ʦ¸ݳߵҪԣϣ߿գǿ
ҽأɴ桷ܵݺ͸©ʦͲ󣡡
ɴ桷ܵݺɵ΢˽ѱڶ
ʦ¸롣
ʦݲ롣
ʦ¸᲻Ǽ̡áһ䣿ǹͬڴ

ʽı⣬廨ţ

ýǱ֣Ȼ͸ӼˡЩĸ֣Ǽ˫ֲ
ʲôǻ᣿ǻᣬǧѷĻᡣ
ֶ߲ܶҪĸ֣Ҳĵ¼ԼĸС
ȰѸСʦ˵㲻ܳΪ¸ݳߣܹʦӡҲáָʲôʱʦ¸ʱԼͷǳʺء
˶ԼܹΪڶӨ
ĳƬ˾
СС¼¼˸Ͻʦȥ
ָ磬ҾҸղ¼ûзӺáҴ¼ơ
Уõ״̬óλҪץסˣ˾Ϊȫ
ллָ磬֪ˡ
һƬ˾
˵С氡˼ʦҪȥʲô֡
ٺ٣ؽ㡣Ͳˣòײʦϵ䡣ҵȻץסᷢһСȥˡһʦһ׸ʺŮء
Ͳܵȵ´ٷ
ӡ¡Ҳ˶ʱ䡣
һƬ˾
ǰɣ磬һ߾ǰôҲ
С֣Ϊһ߾ǡҲŸҪ׸衣վԽߣѹԽ󰡣

ĳС
ܵܣļʦʦ˵ֻһλ30ҵ˵
Ȼˣ硣΢Ҳ˵𣿵ȻʦҲ˵ҪƷãһ϶ûġҸ㣬ʦġ˲ŵᡣ磬Ҫܰʦϣݹ籩¶
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Уһ׺ø𣬻ԼˡҾͲ׸趼ô䡣
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ſɡʲôʦ̬ôߡʱĸһ㣬ǾкϷˡ
ǰʱǫ̂ǸҲǣôǸ
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ܻɺɺ۹ǲ⡣14ĵ𣿺ܺãǵʱҿĸҺɡ
ӵһٶҲüѡ㲻ʲô⡣
ħӡ
ƽʲôҲܴӦ̨κʵ
̨üѵΪ˸ɴ桷
κҡͷ׸ֵóƽ14Ҳֱôһ£
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ƽЩʰʱˣҿ̨̨Щֻ˵
ͬΪĴӣҪѹǽһͷʹü磬ȴֺް취ֻʲôʱˤ
ڣڿһ˿ϣˡҲѹôˡ
Ϸӡ
С֣14ĵǵҿֱҪƽڸʲǫ̂С˵
õģ̨Сִ
֮⣬ССʮӡط̨Ҳڹעӵֱ¼
˵ȫеĵý嶼ڶӡ



ھʮ ұ
61410㣬
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죬ʱһ̨ȻʱӺ͡ɴ桷ĺ֮£һʱ̨Ч˿ѷɫӵմ
̨ʳΣ̨40ף̨30ס̨һ20׿10׸ߵĴLEDʾֳ䡢Ͳ豸Ҳġ
ĵ㣬ɴ桷ͽСڣڽ豸Թ
ڴ̨ԭԭɰ˵ֻˡʱ򣬽ڽ뵽֤ͬһԻ͵ʱ̡
ɴ桷ľԱҪԱҲѾС֮һ𵽴Ļи֣顣ķὫһǳҪʱ̡
ڣѾ׼
㣬Ѿʼй½ˡ칫ҲƲܸȴû̫ʱʱ紵˿Եȡ
ʱ򣬡ɴ桷Ҳ繫ұ
Ǻɡż͡ƽ˹ͬľǰСʱǰǵ顣ΪʼķԤȡ
ʵҲͬɵԤϵһһ顣
ľͰѵӻӡһߵŷῪʼһǽĵá
ұãʵ̫ˣһһרΪɶĸ衣Ѿʼˡұ֣Ƕ֪˵ľɡ
ݡʷأ֮ѣԱʾСұĴ֣
Ȼɱϴֵдʹֵݰ汾һֱ桰ĸ֣ұһ˵Ϊ㷺һֱ񡣳Ϊһ˿ڵǧżѻ
Եһұ˲䲻ˡ
ۣ⿴ҾЩȼ˰
̫ˣһΪҼԪ˧ĸ衣
ұ̫ˣǲ֪ô
ʦǻܲˣʦǴʦǸ˼
Ӻ͡ɴ桷鲻尡ô繫𣿡
ǣ֪ҲͰˡֻиɶûУ

ȻǿϹЩ˿ȴЦ磬Щ¸ĸǡ
ߣұʲôȡҲ̫
ҷЩˡŰɣвáԱ
ǡȷЩˣָҲȡ
ǰһЩҲͲһЩɡҲݵġƫƫǾұֻкϷ

軪ҲڵȴŷĿʼЩֻۣ̾ϢЩ˳ûˡ
俴ҲһЦãҿҪұ

ʱĵԽԽԽԽ˰ѵӻӡӵͬǣǴҲڶͨѡֳҲȫ
ڣʱĵ㡣Ŀ£ɴ桷ʽʼ
˺Զ֡
տʼǾԱһࡣȻⲻǹڴݣֳҵ
20֮һꡣ̨еεƷȫ¡
LEDʾϳһĻ棬׵ĻĶ񱼣ս˻ʿźֱƲ񷣡
ǡɴ桷Ļ档
ͻȻĻͻͣһ׵Ķس̨ϣͷ·ʾ۳ҵĶֱӳĻԽʱ⣬ʵ̨
һǿҵӾ˲͵ȼֳڵ顣ҲȼӻǰڵǽţǼ֪ǿȴĻҪ
ұǰ඼û𣬾ѾѪˡ
ЩſЦ򿪵ķʽЩ԰
̨ϣһٶׯϡֳں͵ӻǰĹҲȾµգԼͬס˺
漴𡣰ŲݵĺŽ鼲̨ɫף彡Ӹ㣬ᶨ
ɣǴʱе뷨
ݵĺŽ֮󣬽Ѫһ𷢳ź
~~~~~~~
⴮ֳ豸쳹ÿһ䡣𺳣׳ֺ룡
̨һٶתŲ䣬ý뻮һ
桢⾳ںϡ̨˲䲻̨ݲս̨ϵĶҲѪսʿǱӼսսʿǱԡѪսսʿ
һźǵĸ֮ҲǶľ˵˼
һ˲˺˵ġ
𣬽ɽ
˻˪
߿˵һʡ
֮ڣֻǰʱչһ׳ʷ֣Ѫжװս˻ɣҫ˪



ھʮ Ӣ֮
ұƪһ׳Ļ
ʹֳڣǵӻǰĹڣ鲻ԽսȭͷǶУܵһ˿ʷĲ
ƻƺˮãã
ʮݺ䣬˭࿹
׳Ļ֮󣬾ǵʱʿǵƻƺˮããʿǱɱеľããĻƺˮᶨִšʮݺ䣬˭࿹ɶʮӾʮӢţڼʮҾսǿ˿ɵ
ͻȻһȭݺݵǽϡΪɲֵΪɱӢȴʮ꣬Ϊ۷ͺԩǧԩʷǲֻۡؿһ˵ѹֱߡ
ڱָ֮࣬еΪɶݶִһеݺսʮ꣬ңõŷɥĺ飡
ֳĹֻһѪмվǷ·𿴵λݺսʮӢ۾ǰ˻۾ʪ
񣬳
һ磡
ɸ߿ֻǸ߿жһ˿
޵һĺޣ֣ռҺɽݣɱҰաһַĺޡսϣ֮ٶѪսʿ硣أǺεȵĲң
ʱҲƲסеıݣЩѾ޳졣
ϧҹ
̾ϧѪ
ΪأΪ˼еˣΪİաûĶɼʹкηܼ鳼ݣˡΪˡҺɽոĴ־ֻܡ̾ϧѪ
ʱ̨ͻȻθߣøӸ߿˵һ鸱衣
ȥ˱
˱ƣ
ȥ˱ȫ߳㣬ʹ˸ܵŨıɫʣ
θڡΪ׵ͶɡΪ˽˹ĸԸʮƣگɰʦسɲ̹һȴֲܲԴγ͢ģ֮£Ҳֻܰʦ
㼲Ϲ飬ɺͽʿȴƵƵԭƴѪոĹֽɥҪͿ̿
ɺͽʿǲģг˱ߺźһ·˵ˮ
ϵĽʿǾþǿ·ߵѾƣ˱ǳ
ʱֳڻǵӻĹڣܵɺͽʿ׳־ѳꡢвʣۼɽɥȴƫƫıݡ
ֻһĪıҪйҪݺݵطй˴ʱֻףսսɳ
ǣĳߵԢ
֣յ˫΢΢˵ǲʡ
뾩ңԶһһλ֣µˡĸߴǿ׳ʱҲŵս̨߲ѡ
Ը
ûҪķأ
һʳԭݲͻȻͲ١ԸûҪķأ
ԭǵӢۻڣǵĽʿɻڡǻҪǲԸ뿪ƬѪĵطԸ뿪Ƭ㽫ʿǵĵط
ǻҪǵأ
һˡǾһĶǵսս죬ս˻
һءֳ꣬һٶ뻮һĶһᣬһβѹֱ֮һɣྡļ֮
ԭʱͻȻը
찡Ϊʲôÿʦĸ趼
ѽвУԺʦĸˡȻҷǼɡ
Ϊɳĸ裬Ϊɺʿĸ裡
̫ˣԪ˧ûԪ˧ҪΪǸ
䣬䡣Ǽ̡áһ䡣
ѽҼǵúЩΪԼ֣˵˼¸費ô
ȷа֪ǵ۲
һöԡɴ桷ⲿ粻Ȥֻ˵Ͻ
Ҳӡڣ¥һ

ЩſЦˣ˿ɵˡ
裬⣬⣬⣬⡭ֻôʱԼžžžĴ쳣
˿ɫȻвʡҲ֪ˣġסұ̫Զ̫Զ
ӵ˴ʱҲɵˡ
˵˼һһЦ𣿰ҿǲһЦ
Ӽˡڻȥڵƽʱεʣ
ǰײ˴ˡɴ桷ֻã˵ſⲿˡ
µˣ

ʡǣ¼
۾꼤ͨ죬˫ֲͣ衣
磡ڳɹˣ
п߳
ݳڶʱȫ˶վûһš
裬ټһ鸱衣סұֻ334룬Ȼھһʷ硣ļ䣬þòƽ
質ˣһٶڵķľһ
󣬶ǻ˳
ϯϣûмУûлֻڻǵӢۣ



ھʮ Ӱ
ˡ
ɴ桷оԱٴε̨лûлʣû˵ֻһľϹ
ʱҲֳͬĹһֻĵ𺳣ֻжλӢ۵廳Ҳ˵һ仰
Ѿǰ׸ĺɡż͵ˣ˿Ҳһ
ⳡЧԤĻҪõĶࡣ
Ҳֱֳе𺳱֮Ҳò˶١ǰѾ׸裬׸裬ȻĴ
׸аҲĻҪáڳ׸裬⡣
ˣɹڷĹȴԶԶûн
ýȿֺı£˴׷΢ϷԼĸпѼĪϷһƪһƪӡ
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ʣݳסұĵɣ׳գ׳ֺƣ߲ĻɹΰİӢɵĹǸì֣ܵǸʱĴ֮
һѧǴѧʷϵڣʷѧ޸΢д
һ׷ǳֵ÷ĸ衣ϣǲܸܵǰӢϢǶ˾Ķǵʷһܵʼչᴩȫİлл
Э᳤ѧ΢д
˱ƣ;Ÿ־ͰɰʦʱȾñƣʾɰʦļڵڲľݵﶬ֮ʣƽ⡣ָǵǰǰûи𰸡ʵҲô𰸡Ϊǵǰ˵ﶼܡǰߣӢۻеһŬոʧܣݱ֮֮࣬Ǻߣһʹӣһ˫˫ۣһĿӢ۵ָıࡣ
Ⱥ΢д
ұ̡áһ䡣ϵԶĳ
Ϧ΢д
ұһʣڻܳҡ
һ߾軪д
ΪʲôҪѡݳ׸ˡΪݳ̫ˡ裡һЦ飩
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裡һӵ飩

˴ڵһʱԼ΢ʹùעµ˷׷״㵣Ӱ̫˰ɡȻǴ㵵Ļں档
ϣȻ1ֶʱ䣬»عˡұݳ̡
ǳը˹ˡ
ӵҪҪô˶ǲš
áûܵĴ
ҪҪôţư
ʦ̫ţ˰ΪʲôҲʦϰ
ϵһλϣ˼ͯҡҡִʦ
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ǣ˾͵ˡ

ȻҲŲ²ӻعˡұݳ̵ԭ򡣳˳֮⣬Ҫ׸Ũҵİ徫ͶԻΰԺС
Ҳһγʹáʦٴδǡ
֮⣬ȻǸˡףӡ˵ʹ΢˿ʽ
ǹϣѾ֮С֮λǰʱͻߣΪǵĿܡ
Ө֮һλһ
һײĸǣĽѡҲӡǵļ֮С

ڶ죬ý岻İѡұ¼ͷͷ
ұһȫ
عˡұݳ̣
ĬĬţһ
Ө顣ʦֳĽָ
ѱʾˡұ֮󣬶ڡɴ桷ڴ


ϵ̨
ֱ̨̨ʱεѾˡֽ̨ƽİ칫ҡ
ŶǶ٣Ͽ˵ƽȲʵ
8.09%̨8.09%˷ܵ˵
ôߣøҿƽһһϲ
Ȼ8.09%ã̫ˣƽ˵˼֣ɼ˷̶ܳȡ
Ϊ8.09%ʲʷʣһ԰е̨ʡ֮⣬е̨нĿġ
ʾԻΪԺϵ̨κҪһҪ̸ʡ
е̨ڵ֪ʺ󣬾쳤֪̾ˣ˵ʲôҲҪ¡ɴ桷ײȨ
ڵ֪ʺҲǴһܿȻˡǰʼǲܵġ磬ѷֽܿĿ١
ⳡ֮ǰѾ÷зҲܹ⡣

ɴ桷顣
ܵݺ˵Ԫ㿴һ⼸ͷıܵ˵Ǻܲģǲûȫ̻ɵʱǱ˵黳Ҵһ£Ϊô
Ԫ󣬡ɴ桷ɰߣһ߾ǡ
ݣҲΪʵˡұ֮Ҿ;Щط̻û
ǺáǱҪץʱˡɴЦ
û⣬ݡ



ھʮ 򶯻Ȩ
һұ絽ڣʼնǴ۵Ľ㡣
ȻЩļҳϲͯ˵컹һֵǹע
Ϊ615աȤζͯͯµһֽС
־һڷУͱPKһν뵽ҵҰСȻҲ˵˵ıδ뿪ҵߡ
Ϊһڷе65գ칲10ʱ䡣Ϲڡ˺ͱ롶èɳǡһֱûжϹֻûиշк켤Ҷѡ
һڵġ˺ͱصǵ4150èص79
Ȼ־ЩȻҪġڼһһڵġȤζ֮ͯ󣬻Щʲôۡ
ǰȨҪҪƷͬʱƳһЩµƷΪƷپʣǻٻǻ뿴Ʒ뷨
ʱҲȽϿСһʱһ䣬һҲѾʵҪũׯҪһʱ䣬ڴũæʱ򣬵һЩׯҲûꡣ
ңȨ˵ͯѾҵһλߡڻ׼һµƷھͿԿʼˡλߵˮƽϲӦҲ̫ҲɺԼ
ڣȤζͯÿòѾϡͯˡáͯȷһƷĻ֮ķֻҪٴαˡ
˵ȤζͯҲҪƳµƷˡ
ϣǵҲ֤һ㡣
þöûгƷ˰Ȼ˺ͱ͡è㹻ʣ뿴Ʒ
ǰ˵Ǹִʦνǳ˷ͷǵЩ˰
ǰǰ첻ҵдһʲôʫ֮⣬ûʲô˰
㻹˵Ǽͦдʫ츳ġλʫ˰ײ˵дסӽѩԴһִʫ𣿡
ʫдٺʲôãϲʲǫ̂档Ƕഴͯ;
ͬ⣡˹һ㶼Ծȥ΢ˢ
áҿ

ûĴһȺ׵ļһˢ֮벻취𣿡
⵹˵ǵȷҪµƷˡֻӦƳʲôƷأֻͯʲôƷһʱҲò⡣ԺĶ̫࣬ʱҲǼ鷳¶
ͷţֻˣһȨġ
糤绰Ī˭Ұ
ϸÿδ绰бСӣλȷ㡣
Ҿ֪˭
ô㣬˵Сľ㣬Ӧ㹺è󡷵ĶȨϸҶΪ˽ˡ
糤ҿ벻Һˡ
ǳɣҾͰQDŸˡϸġòĵطϸ
ϣǾлл糤ˡ
ӦƳʲôƷڵʲôľġ
ľҲһ˽⣬ĿǰһҶ˾Լռȫ10%ȾλȻЩƬʵдߡ
ߵ˵ˮƽ棬Ƕݷ档֮ǰû֣͵ĿǰϵЩ˵Ĺ죬˾ˣʵʵĶȥǳıŤ
ҲѹĿǰĶгˣǻ磬СϲŹء
ֱճ󣬸󶯻̲ͬγһ㡣ԭ绹Ǹ󶯻̷׷ѧϰ³Ķ֮ǰҪ˳һЩˡ
Ҳֻ˳һЩˣǲҲ֣ɲǶʱھպõġĿǰ˵ҪĶΨһİ취ȥı࣬«
жè󡷵ĶȨͲˡ
˵绰ãյһQDϢͨϢԷܿϢˡ
ˡľܼලʯ
ܼ࣬áҿΪˡè󡷣
Ȼˬ죬빺è󡷵ĶȨ֪Σ
ȻûˡѰȨǣҲøСͨӿⲿƷ
ǳɡǾϸҹ̸糤˵סĵطԴĳ
Դ˵Ʋܼʧġ
͹ˣɻƳµƷ
ȻǻġôܼԺƷҲȤ
ȻʼˡǾֻƷ
ܼ⻰ĳѹܴ󰡣֪ǶƷȤ󣿡
ǫˡҪ˵ȤƷڡèִɸЦģֻкǿĹԣܹ˵ģ߾ܹʷƷȵȡ
Ժǿʷϣ۾һͻȻ뵽һƷ
ˣʱ䣿
ţڼҡ
ǳɣݷͲˡ
õģܼࡣټ
ټ



ھʮ ʽ
ʯĶԻ
ã뵽һӦƳʲôƷˡǾǡʽܡ
ⲿʽܡɲǰַ嵼ݵǲӾ硶̽ʽܡӸйŵĹС˵ıĶ硶ʽܡ
ʽܣǰ磬˵ǼȻĵʽԶûǰḻʣҲഫɫʡ
Ϊйڵʽܵʷءûκιڵʽ̽С˵֣ӾЩ͸ˡ
ȻⲢ˶Եʽܵϲ
ΪʽΪֱ𣬰Тҡ֮Ϊ塣Ϊһ⽨ͳν׼нܳμңʽÿһְϵ׿֮λ󣬸ʽϳ֮ΣԪʢʱ׿ԽĹס
⣬ǻ֪ʽܷǳڶϰʷأʽܸյʱѹİѷǳࡣһڹϣҹԼգʲͣսһ꣬ѻѹȫˡ永Ա17000֮࣬ºȻûһ˺ԩڵʱΪѻʽҲ˶ϰͷΡ
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ʹϲʽܻϲ̽ϰС˵Ϊź
Ȼǰҹ̽ͷǳḻ峯йС˵ҹڵк⽻ҸġƵҹУġƵҹΪ˵ǰйڵҹ̽ĵӾ綼Ӱ
ƵҹҲŷ䶯ʽҲ˱˳ΪйĸĦ˹
Ȼڻ׼ЩƳҪȰⲿ桶ʽܡıط
ⲿʽܡأ߳ܡӵУԼ˼ݡܵ˼άʽĸȻĿѧ֪ʶҲῪӵҰḻӵ֪ʶС˹׷ԸҲΪ𵽱á
һüҳͺӶϲĶƬ
ţⲿƷءǰȤζͯ϶⣬һϲʽܺϲ̽С˵ˡ־Իһء
⻹øлܼءȻһһʱ벻ⲿƷ
ĺٺ׼ȴѵһոնʵʱȴǷһ⡣ǾⲿһЩϸǵòǺˡ
ţʹһż佺ˡ
佺ңܾöûнռˡǰѴɵٻؿռʱҲûͣţھͽȥ
뵽Եռ䡣
ˣжʱûˡһ֣СͳԱߡ
С䰡ʱÿɺãֺǺǵʵ
ҺܺðڵĿռ䵽ǰöˡС
šͷҲоڵĿռ䵽ԶɽҲǰͺͺģˣɽľֲïʱʱܿһЩСгû
ԱߵĹ԰дСˮôժժƵġ
߹ȥժһӷŽҧһڣż۲Ŀռ䡣СҲѧҲժһȻߡ
ˣС䡣ЩҰɽγˣѾéǰŵϵҰɽͻȻʵ
ˣѾ200ˡС
šͷЩҰɽκЩпΪǿǷ˾ţ֮ǳʮ꣬óȥǮġ
˭֪һΣҰɽζѾ200ˡʱûȥҲáԽԽֵǮġڿռǿɾһֱֵĹ̶ʲ
ڶԣ200ҰɽΣټԵռﳤ󡣶ǼƷҰɽˡ磬ֻһұ޷ֺšֵԵͲˡ
һܡռ仯ȻСûʲôı䣬ô
С䣬Ҽǵռǿġ֪Ŀռ᲻ø󣿡ʵ
Ȼˡ󣬿ռɲǱô򵥡µĵòɭֵȡſռĲγһС硣С
ŶôȤһС簡ǾԱţƶ˰
Ȼġˡ
ǵһҪֵʵ۾ЩŹ⡣
˿Դ̳ϵͳӦⷽʾˡ
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˵꣬̳ϵͳȻհϵͳ򿪣ͿϵһϵͳϢ
ϲ㣬ֵѾﵽ80㡣ʹЩֵ齱ǹƷҲ԰ֵֵ㹻ʱпռһһҪĵֵΪ500㡣
ϢһѾ80ֵˡǵ湻ġڶһҪ500ֵ
ҪһС磬̫װЩΣҲ⡣һСô׾ܹʵֵġ
ˣ˳Ȼɡ
ûѡ齱̳һż佺ҡ1000ֵһŵļ佺ңڵ˵ֱӺԲˡ
뵱ոյõռʱ1000ֵ˵ңɼġ
ȴѾԲˡһп
佺ʹ֮󣬡ʽܡÿһϸڶԺֻתΪͿˡ
ˣС䡣ҪȥˡռͰˡ
İɣˡ
šͷ󣬱˿ռ䡣



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˿ռ䡣ʱ仹磬Ȱѡʽܡǰ
ڡȤζͯ־ƪޣĥšʽܡһҲ͹ˡ⻹ðԭİС
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Щ黹ǽȨȥͷۺˡԼṩǸšֹ
˲ʱ䣬ͰǰݻˡúϸĿ˿ЧǷǳġڵԽԽ죬ƺҲˡ
ѸĵĵȨĵ˷䡣
ĵӣȥǼλүү͵ˮϴǼλүүﳢֵˮ֮ÿһʱ䶼һЩˮȥǵϰִӦ˵ġ
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ܼ࣬ôԶܹ̫鷳ˡЩǸ˵
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ϵ̫ˡϸҾ͵Ϣȼˡ㻹˵ӱȼʥصľɫҪǶɽ壬ںԶĵطͿˡҴӴߵ˵һ·СˮǴȻġЩ쾰ɫҪ̫ˡ˵ԴҿһҲΪ
ʯЦһ·ȷǰԾȻũ塣ԭΪȨ˵Դδ̫ˡɵ̤ӵʱŷﻹͬԴһ㡣
ڻͰʥ֮еȼˡ
ܼˡܼϲͺáҲЦ
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Ӧ˸ɴ࣬Ҳʯ΢΢Щȡ˵1000ļ۸ȷĳˣԷһ˵ǲŵġ϶ǻӼ۵ģʯҲ̸е׼Ȼش˸ɴ䣬΢΢֮⣬Ҳĺøд
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̸꣬ʯڴйҲ˳Լũׯ
ԷʱʯȻҲһĿһ߲˵ζе˼顣
ͬˮײ͡ʯ͸˵ˡ
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ܼϲߵʱʹһЩȥڿѵŶ
ǳɣǳɡϸҾͲˡʯϲȻϲɲΪ˵ѴϲԼһʥʵֵ̫ˡ

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κ޷ⲿСӡгǰΣһ߷һָ壬һκ󶫵
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ʵͷ˵òҳ˱֮⣬±ҲǷǳġ
κ󶫽ӿڵ糤˵ûоС˹ǵĵط֡ȻЩطǿǳɣϾǸСӿģ̫˷áЩطڷḻСӵ֪ʶҲаġҳͺӦöǻϲġ
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ЦҶȨ˽⣬֪ҪƳµƷҲǻƳһƷġǵġСӡ˵һͬĴƷȻĳЩط覴ãȴռгΣµƷƳҲ
κȴЩǵ˵Ը˰ɡ



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ʡǣĳֳ
У˵˸Ͷ黹ˣɳϣһλ20ʵ
ӴԼʮ塢꣬ģȥΪ˧СɫͦŹʯʮۡӴʱбɳϣɫЩ
Ӷһ20ҵ꣬¶һֺõɫᾪȵķ֣20ҵȻһȥʡʱڿͳ֮һ
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ǡͬһͣͬһ칫ҡʹĻǿңչ˷׷󡣿ϧǣ˹ϵ⣬һ˿Ľ
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ѵϲũСӣҪȻΪɶҪܵ飬һѧУҲð
ԣԣôءܿͰֻƿЦ뷨ԺʲôԭأֻҪСһѵԼݾͿˡ

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СӵϢˡԭСӾһũСӣûʲôֻ˵Сֲ˵ļܺãֳĲζ
кʹëһɽ磬Ͱ˶С֪ڵ֪Щ󣬿϶ڵһʱеġʲôݣ֪Ҳûм֪϶ŹũСӣѵһġ
Ȼеһʱ͸绰ˡ
ũСӣܺãǾҹһСӣҲԼݡʲô˶׷ġֲ˼ãиƨá绰ͷ˵
й˵绰Ŵ˵˵ҪԹһСӡʦúãߣʦȾȥ
ȻЩü˵ֻǿСӸʦͶҪһѵǿɱŪˡ
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ڵܺãһ񡣿ٹֿԻʡȥˡ

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һеˡڵ֪ݺ󣬱ҪԽѵһǸ֪ߵغСӡ
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㲻ù˭ֻҪסͿˡţƺ˵ԼôҲҪЩũ˸߹ɡ㻰ʵʵشͺˣôϻ
ϧǣǰũƺ֪ݣü˵ǲ˵ǾͿ뿪ˡʥ岻ӭǡ
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˵ũ㻹ͦקЩըë棬ԼȻһСҲ첻á
ʱҲ˹ߴ͵Ĵֲᡣ
Сüһ
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߰ɣﲻӭǡ˵꣬Ŵȥ
ֻǰˡŭһȥƨɾһš



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ǰߣ׷ͷ֮ʣֻƨһɴ˫һľǰȥǿ׳ӦҲ˻δ˵ڵأѾӦ˳ǰһȻѸվ
֣ڱֵ׳֮⣬ҲҪ鹦ȪҺڸԼϰȪҺͬʱҲʱŪһЩһҷáֻǲ֪ˣֻǸоԼƺԽԽˡ
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վŶŭĿӣʲô˼
мԷ̬Ҳ֪ôˡЩ벻ףԼڳһ˵̬ˣΪζԷȴһҲоأ
Ҳֶֻܹеùѡ˭·ãƫƫҪѡֶӣ鷳ģôܸء
״Ҳü˵ʡ
鷳ģɲ֦Ȼ֦Щ񡣶ɽѧ̫һЩ۸ľٶǻᴫȥġԸܵġ

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ʱȴͻȻ˳ڵ˵ߵģҪողûп
㣬ܺã˵꣬ͻȻҽŶȥһȥƼ죬ֻ۾һͼѾ߸߷Ȼصˤڵϣٶ
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Ӧȥ⣬æ߲ܵ鿴ãȻƲţȴѵġſڵֱ
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⻹ǿûʲôµķϡĻͲôˡνֵ̯̯
ܺãǰɡԭֻ뾯һҲˡڿƺҪ氡˵˵򹷻ÿˣԼµԼ汻ʹԼҲûʲôˡ
ҪѵһСˡڸո⣬Ѿ͵Ϯ䲻ˡԱһֱû˵ĸ֣ʱһĿȻǿĶԶҪࡣ
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ǵĻڶУЦһ㲻ᡣԱЩǵС˵壬û¡ȻشӰɡЩҲҸ˵ҿǻṦġٺ٣
˵ĪСÿϴЩȭ޺ȭɣҪȻոһô졣ţֿˣȻ˵Уﷴ鷳ӣɲҪִˡá
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ͷͼλһȥ˵ϵĵ֮ɫȴ١
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ЦЦҵģûʲôϵôˣҪһܣţСȥ
СߣӲʶ᣿ǲʶҲ֮ܳΪСҲãҵġӡ
Ϊ˶ԸũЩڲýˣҲûʲôˡǾ˺ˣҪ֪ⳤúʨӵĲᣬܹŵ˾Уȥ
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ЦˡҵĹˣ˵Ǽ𣿡ëЦ
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ŭһҪȥѰˡȴһȳѾվˡ
һз̫졣ֻغһӰڲһšͼĺȴѪֱⱻ˺һ顣
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ԶԶԣȵ25ž֪ˡ


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Сһأ
ȻǡȤζͯˣƷ
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Ȼǡʽܡˡ
Ϊʲôأ
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ϧǣйڵҹ鼮һ飬Եҹƽ¼䡣ȴûйڵҹưݡ
ˣûзֻҪ֪йڵʽܵ»鼮һ취ȥ
ǰ죬ҳʱзһڡʽܡƷʹ۾һϸѯ֪֮һͯңҪƳһµƷʽܡ
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ϳȲİѸո򵽵ġȤζͯһ߳˳һ߿飬˵һܡ
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ʲôȣСҪɾ
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λʽǣѾõĵʽưˡ
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ǰ֡ĪǡȤζͯˮ˵ںͯ͡ľܼҰ

ѶЩӵʵԶʾɡҲ֣ͻȻ㣬εĵʽư³һͯ־ϡҲš
Ȼ˲ţǿ϶Ҳ˻š
ȤζͯȥһҲ󡣡
ЩӲˮİҲȥһ
Ҳȥһһȥͯ־ᱻЦɣ
ʽܡ֪ƷǾԲˣұʹȥһġֻǻûüȥ򡣡
Ʒˣǹڵʽܵģҵȥһ

625գȤζͯһڷĵһ졣һʽܡĽ˵ߡ



һ ˼
ʥ塣
һͯڷģ޷ǲŮƷСӡ
ȻСӡ¡ʽܡɲСӡҪ뿴ʱˮƽʲôˡ磬Ҳϣѿ
Ͼֻһңǿ϶ԶԶġȻԺƷޣҪ黹ܶ࣬ܰеƷֻѡһЩƷ硣
ҪḻƷǾֻԼȥˡ㵣һ˵ͷλᱻߣǾˡЦпǰƷΪܵġ
޷ⲿСӡҲûʧȻ಻ĵطΪһ˵ĴŮƷôʮֻûġ
ԺƷḻҲõƹ㡣Լ᲻øʲô֮֮ͷءϲ̵š
磬ڼ𣿽ǲµ־ˣ
أȻСѾͷԺ洫
Ѿͷÿζô׼ʱõû೤ʱءֹһȥ
أѾͷͦ׼ʱİߵԺ棬СѾͷŸҲ߽
ȥɡеġȤζͯͯ͡СѾͷ˵ǲǿ˰
СѾͷϲ̵İ־ŵȻŻصǰ710ŷż١ٺ٣硣ôʲôʱż٣ǲʲôĿİ
ȥȥʲôĿġǹ㣬𣿡
Уƭ˭ءСѾͷԲţְ˵磬֪ΪǵʦǷżˣȥԲԣϲʦ
ͷߣϽСѾͷƿСѾͷһʲôϽȥ顣
СѾͷƲƲ죬һһֹϲϳϡ
СѾͷԼúΡ
710žͷżˣ֪鵽ʱǻʡǣǼѧУҪҪϢȥһʣĥš

ʡǣȤζͯ硣
糤ĿǰΪֹѾӵʮ۵Ĳ绰ˡһڵƱԤڵĻҪá˵
ţˣСȨͷ÷вǱ߶ӡˢѵڶӡˢѸ۵Ĳ͵
õģ糤ȳȥˡ
šȨͷ
ƳȥȨ˵лǸտʼȰϵܰĳС˵ڿûǸҪˡġʽܡӰƺҲС
лЦ˵ʽܵĻҪһǵǿͯϣˡ
ȨҡͷԽĿԲ󣬱ϾǵĻ߱Ҫٵ̫ˡǿʱģҲûа취һڴҶԡСӡҲ㲻Ȼ롶ʽܡȣһܻƷӦֵÿ϶ġ
лͷǲƷҽҲˣȷ˵ǲεǷһӡ
ȨŵȻܳԽѾԽҧסˡֻҪϵڣò˶೤ʱˡ
лȷˣǲʹʲôаɣ
Ȩüʵĵȷܡǵŵ

ͯ־硣
ڰ칫üǰһ־һڵġȤζͯ
κڶɳϣҲһȤζͯڷġ
ãʲ̾ϢһһֻҪСˡȥֻҪǳˡ
Ѿĸ߿ˣ˭֪ǵͿˡһαΪƾ衶СӡĴ£԰һ֡˭֪˼ʽưֱûˣˡ
κ󶫵дʽưĹ£ȷû뵽ġưɲôдġֻͿĹдôɡĿǰǵҲ̫࣬Ƕ޷ⲿСӡۻǲġⲿƷҲΪǴһµĶߡ
ЩǣüһǵȷĲ࣬ȤζͯһڵҪҲܡҵĵǣȥȤζͯǣò˶೤ʱˡ
κ⻰ƺǻлʵ糤˼ǣ
ʳƬ̺󣬲˵ȻǵƷɲСӣǾ͵취ˡ
취κЩü糤ν취ˮƷɣܹ
ƺǿκ󶫵ɻЦβˮˮܹȡһʱЧҲûʲôáҪԶȤζͯǣֻһ취ǾǰȤζڹ
ڹκҡҡͷŵ糤²˰ɡǰûڳɹ˵ˡȨǰȤζͯ20%Ĺɷݶ
ʵǰɹǵķԡѾˣ֮ԻȤζͯһ˹ؼá
˭κ󶫺
顣˵
飿κһѵǸ飿ŶԣԡȨѾͷӨõѡ糤Ȼ˹ؼãǲǸûϷ𣿡
κҡͷص㲻˭һɫŮȤζʱ֪˭
κЩˣ糤˼ǣʹ˼ƣ
Ц˼ơȤζҲһŮȥ˵⡣ȻǵŮûƯǿ취ȤζǸ20%ĹɷǾ͸25%Ĺɷݡҿġ
κ󶫾ɵ糤˵ģ
ʿ϶Ȼġֵ



һһʮ æ
626ա
۵ɻ𱬡
ϰ壬ȤζͯĲû
ˣҪһ
ʲôһʮ
ôʲô
ֲֻԼ⻹˴ء
ϰʮݸǸˡǮֹ֮β1000ѵˣ
ϡ
ʽܡ͡СӡҶһð
¥ⲻǷϻȻǡʽܡˡ
ȷСӡҲӦĿǰΪֹƷ֮⣬õƷˡ
ţߺ޷塣ϣԺƷԽԽʡ
Ҳ˵ʽܡ͡СӡPKʽܡʤˣ
ⲻPKɡ˼Ҳû˵ҪPK˭ҺPKͯPKһ
˵ͯPKҾá˺ͱ롶èɳǡ˭Ӯ
Ӧǡ˺ͱɡôڵأ˺ͱѾռϷˡ
ţҲǡ˺ͱôͻȻæҪдͯҪģ˵дʫ
ȷӡΪɶǻҪԹƷ̫ˣ
ΪƷܾ䣬ϣܹľɡ

ʥ塣
ڵǰôæ𣿡̫ѨĸоҺȷӦúæŶԡ
ҲǣڿƷأ˺ͱè󡷡ʽܡ̶ʮʱ䣬ҪƷĴȷӦùæġ
ҶôæˣȺһﻹҪƳµƷֱǲˣˡ
ǰϣһʱͻȻĶͿѻŸæȻְΰʫַͬʽһԼǵͦ˼ġ΢ҲӦûвЧ
ٺ٣ǲҪƷǾǿжæɡ
˵һˢˢˢֽϻǻһԻ񣬱Ƚ϶͵Ի񣬲עȻͿʼڸˡ
ʼĳȽ棬˵鰸ǰд滭ڵֵءׯڵȡԽԽҸˣֽĿݳᡢϯ顢šᡢо̫աǰǡصʱȵȡ
һϰٸԼŶٺֱ֡ǿжæ
ѻõĸתΪĵϴ΢棬ȡΪæ

ַϷ˿ˣǧȵɻءĵһƷʼڵġʽܡַԽԽϲķ˿ȺҲСˡ
ÿ춼ȥ΢һûиµĶ̬ϧ˵΢ѵøһΡַɵҲûʧȻÿ춼ϰԵȥһ¡
죬ֵ㿪΢Ӵиˡװ
ַЦЦ˽ȥæʲô˼ַɿ΢û֣ȫͼƬһһſȥԽԽ֣ЦԽԽ
ϣȥô˶ưʵ̫Ȥˣ
ֻ£ܲ˹ַɻûȫ꣬ͼйĸ̳﷢ˡ
ϣϣȥΧ΢ֲ㣬ҡ
ϲϲֳƷˣϽȥ΢Χۡ
Ҫ֪ζƵģϽȥΧ΢

ӣַڸ̳﷢ʮŻص΢ͼƬ
ʱѾը˹
۹Цˣ˶Ƶûе߰
ðʲôԴôʲôõ
Ҳ̫ḻ˰ɡ
ӴԭôæԭߴϽƷڿǲͿˡ
ǰǰʹڻǣɱ˰̫Сݲ㡣
ʲôè󡷣ʲôʽܡõƷ
ǣǡǴĽడ
ⲿƷҲõҵѧϰˡ
лұ׼ȥˣͻȻ־ð
ⲿƷоĹܰ

ɽѧУ꼶ʦ칫
ʦôˣﲻ𣿡
ͻȻԴЩۡû£һͺˡ
ʡǣ鳪Ƭ
Өֻ˵Сأ鷳ȥҵˮͻȻЩͷۡ
ͷۣӨӨ㣬ҪҪȥҽ
ãáһԼͺˡ
һƬ˾
鿴ֱֻұдģ
Ȥζͯ硣
ϵܹȻϵܣǲѰ·Ȩ΢Ц
лҲ̿ϵܰʲôƷܻ𰡡
ǣĳߵԢ
֣಻ݸˣԽԽ˼ˡʥ𣿶طԽԽˡ



һһʮһ 
æĻˡ
㣺õһƷʲô
ش𣺡ܡ˺ͱֻǡʽܡ
ô˼Ҿͻ㣺ǡõƷǡæ
æʲô
㲻ֵ֪ܣ˻զģϽȥ΢֪ˡ

ֵܣϸ֪ʧ鲻áƼһƷæ֤֮á
æֻ֪һλִʦⲿƷʹʦʲôϵ𣿡
ӦûСͯҲǷǳġϽע΢Ϳˣϸ绹ƭ㲻ɡ
Уҿȥ

ͬѧϽȥעһ΢һƷֱ̫ˡ
ִʦ
ǡҲͦġϽעɡ
ɣȥעһ¡

ζû뵽һæȻ΢˿ǡԭļڵʮʮ΢˿ѾԳƵǴˡ
һζ𣿻Чúܲ˼顣
ò˼Ļں档
ⲿæİȨƻͯ־ġ
ⲿæİȨǹ»־ġ
ⲿæİȨľġ

ȨȻˡ𡱵ƷˣȨʲôĻԼá
ʱϣڡXXæĸֶҲѾˡǺæеĵ

ܡæĻվҲֻһò˶೤ʱͻƽ
ʽܡʼԽԽ˹ע
ںһӰӱ硣Կʼְҵһֱһ롣ǾǱдһڵʽ̽µľ籾ϧǣôȥˣʼûйڵʽ̽С˵֡
ȻҲԼԭһھʧܺ󣬻ηˡҪԼԭ͵ľ籾ܺûܴġɹڵʽưľ籾ʵ̫ˡ
죬ڼﹹ˼µľ籾ͻȻˡ
˭ǡ
˼·ϡںԹһ󣬱ȥˡǲΪܵˣһ¾ôˡ
ź󣬹ȻѣҲһӰӱ硣
ôڡһˬӣڹ˼籾
ǰյؼʱ̾ͱˡ㿴Ű찡
ƾ籾ؼʱ̡㰡ڡҽǸͺöˡ㿴֮󣬱֤ʮ籾˷ܡ
ںע⵽ﻹһӦʲô־鼮
˵˵ĶĪõ־
ǰȥɡЩһֱҪݡ˵꣬־ںԼȥһ裬ɳƷ
ںһôһֱ뿴ĶֻСĪǡ
Ҳ˲ˡæе־Ȥζ֪ͯǰиͯҺ
淭ں档һۣƷ衣
ںûΪѾˡʽܡ
ںһ㵱¿ȥΪ磬Ȼ˽ġ
1ʽܳ2Ԫƻᡱ
ں˫ԽԽﲻͣĺšá֡ǿ2ʱһ˿ԭˣԭ˰
2ԪƻᡱҪ˵ǣ
ʮԪڣʽܺͱϹȥۿԪƻᡣ;зһͽĴСΪŪﷸͼȳСʽܺͱñͽץȥ
ǺСһ𣬱һ֮СʽŪﷸͼϹץסס
ԭﷸıǱ͢ҲɱһүĺԾԾҽȳ˵ʿˡΪʵɵΪץСȥҪСҩӡ
ʵ۲֪νġҩӡָСӵࡣͬáҩӡҩ
󣬵ʽܵࡣνҩҪҩӡʵһƭ֡ץСȡʵĿģΪûʵʧȥġ
ΪҪɱʵ۱̫ˣʵַ֡ʽûʵ۱ɰĿеıûʵųꡣӶﵽ𡱵Ŀġ
ãð˱һڹ˼ν̫֮ˡںʽܡ˼飬ķе־
ڣ˰ôʱʵ
ð˲򵥰ʷһڵʽưƷϧǣⲿƷҪǸӿġڹȻİչ黹̫ˡ̫ʺϸıΪӰƷںĵҡҡͷеֵĿϧ
ڡЦǵ԰˭ıⲿʽܡˡؼȻܴʽܡпܴڵʽưƷ
ϣ԰ںһĴȣҲЦ˵һ仰ˡǰֻ֪дͯڿԶԶֹ˰
ͷҸоԺǴľϲٺ٣óʱѹϵˡ
ںȻǿܹʵҶϣˡ



һһʮ 
71գȤζͯٷ΢ֹĿǰΪֹȤζͯ־һڵѾͻ80ᡣ
80ᣬˡȤζͯ϶֡ͯ⡣һЦеĶͯ־ˡ
ͨ߶һݿܲûʲôоǶԴҲġЩ룬ǻ20ˣ80ᣬͲô
ɶЩ˺ͬ˵Ϳƿֲˡ
ȻֲĲ80֣ǡȤζͯٶȡһ60ᣬһڻûнѾͻ80ˡ
Ȥζͯһ֮һ˻ȽĻ
һжֻΪһ˺һƷġʽܡ
ʹһͬĽʲѡ־ͬĽ֮࣬׷װ˺ʵ̫ˣǶͯ־нҲˣǧҪЩ־ˡ
Ҳһαȫгҵ˹ע
ͬнֻĽͯ־ͬǾĽʡˡ
ΪʲôֻޡȤζͯޡͯءΪͯĳɼһһλõġûиǴȥôǿҵĳ
ȤζͯͲһˡ̶µʱ䣬230ᣬ3060ᣬִ6080ᡣʽʽ˵ĳʵ̫ˡ
ͬĽ֮࣬Ҳͼˡഺͯ־Ϊޡ
ഺͯ־緢еġഺͯԶͯɢģͯʫΪҪݡҲиͯдĵרݡ
Ҫ֪ͯѧɲͯҲͯ־ͯΪ
ഺͯеٮٮߡ
ഺͯͬѮ־ҲͬΪÿµ5š15ź25šÿһڵ50ҡһڶͯ־ҲǷǳˡ
ǰˡͯˡֻּһȤζͯ
ഺͯ־칫λħһ칫¥
糤ֺʮͷһλߵơʱֺ糤칫һ־ڷģһڵġȤζͯ
ֺɳϣܱ෽ü˼ʲôҲʮ꣬Ũüۡ˺һ־ܱࡣ
Ϸ뵽ʲô취𣿡糤ֺе־ʵ
糤ð졣Ҫɢġʫ衢ͯĵΪҪֶͯȻڶͯѧȴš
ֺߵȤζͯô죬ҪΪǸСӡֻҪСµ㹦Ϳˡ
Щü糤˼ˮֻǰڵ־
ֺҡͷǡֻóͯʲôˮҲõѡ񣬲򲻵ѣǲҪ
Щɻˣ糤˼ǣ
ֺһЦ˵óʲôɢĺʫ衣Ǿˡһûᡣ
糤˵ǻЭǱ߼ҪٰͯʫĴ
ֺͷǡϾҪˡЭǱߡͯʫĴ֪ͨӦϾҪˡֻҪ취СҲμΡʫĴͿˡ
ҡͷⲢóӦòμӵġ
ֺЦȻμӣһа취μӵġ
ǼμˣǡҲǻݵģϾⲻóڡȤζͯûʲôӰ찡ȻЩ⡣
ֺҡͷӰġڶôϿɣΪûпʧܡαǴˣǻݡҲô˵Ķγһ΢Ӱ졣
ٿƷʱ򣬾ͻЩԭûע⵽Ĳ֮Ŵ󡣱ϾŵߣƷҲ覡һ˵ʧܲڶ˿Ӱ졣ܿСʧһҲǺõġ

ʥ塣
֪Ѿ⵽ĳЩ˵ļˡ
Ȼ֪ˡҲϡ
ڻʽܡĵ͵ļҪļĸȨǱˡ
ڵ֪Ȥζͯһڵһ20Ҳǳһ⡶ʽܡӰȻԼеĻҪ
ȨǱ߻ϢѾкüҵӾͶʹ˾ⲿƷʾȤľʯ߶ţҪѡʽܡĶҶȨǡ
һ߻һĥţ⻹ֻ򵥵һ桶ʽܡԺѺ⽻ҸġƵҹֻǰǰǲġ̽ʽܡϵеľ籾д˻񰡡
ţôͰóҪȵԼ㹻֮С
뵽⣬ȻԼӺӵڵ֪ȣƺֻµʱ䡣Ҳ˵磬ʵֻ²ʱ䡣
²ʱ䣬ôо˺ܾһأԵռԵʣʱҶԼġ
ܿ죬ȻˡȻıˣܶණҲûб䡣ĸûб䣬ûб䣬Ҳûб䡣Լصĺܶණûб䡣ԼôǿҵĹС
ˣһԼӵ˸ıԼĸˣԼ˵
뵽˸м
ҲӼᶨҪЩѷľġ



һһʮ ഺͯҪ
ʡǣȤζͯ硣
Ȩոսһ绰֮󣬾һֱüͷ
糤ôˣл߽Ȩ⸱ģ㿪ʵ
лˡءȨʾлº󣬼˵֪ഺͯɡ
ħǱߵഺͯȻ֪ǵܱ෽档糤ôͻȻǰˡлʵ
Ȩģոǵ糤ֺ绰˵ҪεġͯʫĴ־һԡ
ͯʫĴлҲЩü־ûвμӹǵֲó򡣡
Ȩͷţͷ۵ĵط˵ഺͯôͻȻҪǱأǿˮˮġ
лЦЦ˵첻Ǹոͻ80Ǽ˰ɡҪʫĴӮǡ
Ȩ׼ǲó򡣵ǣǲܱԵĻȥǵӰɲáϾŸߵͻ80ᡣʱֻеͬкʹ󲿷ֶ߶Ŀۼء
лüǰʱĺңҹΪ־ԣʵֻΪϵһ˶
ȨͷҲġ־ߵ죬ϵһ˿ġⲢʲôܡ
л̾־緢չ̫ͣȻͬǵļʰǹڱԵ£糤׼ô죿
ȨȻԷҪΪϵܶǼǲӦԣԷҲƹǣֱȥϵܷսֺǸɵóġӵĻֱӾʹӦ־ȥǱȡӼˣҲΪ־ĺȡ
лЦ˭˵ϵܻģСӵı¿ɻԶԶûóءǻȺϵһ£ֱвȤɡ
Ȩ۾һ԰ϵǰûдɢġʫĶͯƷᰡ

ʥ塣
һȺܺϪˮз
죬ܺûȥѧȻͷˡҲǳȺܺһ棬ҲʹӦǵġ󡱡
ССûԴôһʯͷö𣿡Сʹ̵ľһʯͷʱЩˡôһʯͷԼȥᶼҪһοСʮС塣
٣硣ҾԣҾӦдзСͷЩ˼˵
Сӡˣʯͷ׼ãҰῪ֮ȥ߹ȥ˵
СϽ硣֪
ߵǿʯͷǰԣͦġ׼ãҪˡ˵꣬һǿʯͷһ߱㱻̧Χ峺ˮҲ˲ûˡ
ʯͷձ̧Сǵˮȥ
ˡôзӴˡ
Сһ̫СˣֻոձץˮĴзһֵˮ
ۼֿ죬еʯͷһߡȻѸֻոյˮĴзץȥڵٺε֮죬ֻзעܲˡ
зץˮ档һһȭͷС١ҲѹССץסˡ
ۣôз磬ѽôзץס
ֻзһ˲ͰȺܺˡϪˮз࣬ôļһﻹǺټġ
С˷ܵģֽе磬ôô˵дзɡ۹
СӲҶҲĵĿ佱
һ䣬СԵø˷ˡǿǿҸ˵ǿʯͷдзץסġ
һȺܺӴ֣Ҳܲʱ򣬵绰
˭ѽǣһֹһʹ˦˦֡Űѵ绰Ҿ֪
糤أ
٣ϵܡϸҪˡ


ϵܡȷֱӴӦˣ
ǰһͯʫĴûɶ˵ġ
ɣϸҾͻظˡ
ţáȹ˰⻹æء
ããϵܣټ
˵绰ܺзڲμʲôͯʫĴ⣬ǳȤҪľֱƽ̨ԱЩƷƹ
˵λЭٰⳡͯʫĴ⡣ûഺͯǱߵս֪˶Ҳǻμӵġ
ǲ֪ഺֺͯͷˣ֪뷨󣬻᲻ƵֱѪ

ħഺͯ־硣
糤ֺ˵绰󣬺ǾĶԷ˵ȤζͯǱߴӦǵıҪˡ
ʹӦˣҲǲ⡣
ֺͷҲЩ֡Ⲣó򣬾ȻôʹӦˡеЩеȫòˡ
Ƭ̣˵ǶǸİ
ֺЦһһԭСȡһЩɼЩƮƮȻˣϾ
ͯɢĺʫȷдҪдÿɾͲˡ
ֺġóǱҪⳡӮǣӮСӡ
ͷȻ



һһʮ ͯʫĴ
73աЭ˹ڽꡰͯʫĴı档
Ҳڿݹ档ȻҪμαôڱĹȾͱҪ˽⡣
710ʼҲȫСѧʼٵһ쿪ʼΪ׶Ρ
һ׶ɸʡЭٰ죬710տʼͶ壬714սʡЭ716չѡǰ뵽ڶ׶εı
ڶ׶ɻЭٰ죬717տʼͶ壬721ս723գЭյ
ڶͯɢĺͶͯʫ裬Ŵʫִʫ趼ԡ
ͶķʽҲܼ򵥣ϴʫࡣҲֱӰƷͶ嵽ʡЭָλþͿˡ뵽˵ڶ׶ΣͶ嵽Эָλá
ͶƷڹʾκ˶Բ鿴ѡҲʫƣרͶƱۺжϡÿλעûͶ壬Ͷ2Ʊ
ĵطǣδĵһƷѡСѧĿα
ѡСѧĿαһΪĶ
հѱ濴겻ãȨĵ绰ʹ˹
ϵܣ涼˰ɡʲô𣿡
ûʲô⣬ʽҲ򵥷㡣
ɣͺáǾڹٷ΢繫ഺͯˡ
ţû⡣

ڻЭꡰͯʫĴĵ죬Ȥζͯٷ΢ഺͯٷ΢Ҳͬʱ繫һϢ
ڶڿҲȤ
Ҷ֪ġͯʫĴɡ
֪ÿٵʱҪٰûɶÿġ
ǰЩƷҲɡЩСҡСߵƷЩĴҿɲμı
ȷˡܻ᲻һŶ
ɶһ
ȥȤζͯഺͯĹٷ΢ɣоһϷɿӡ
¥˵֮໥ԵɡѾǵĹٷ΢ˡ
ԣȤζͯЩ߲дͯʫĴӦòóɡ
˭֪أ˵ഺͯǱģȤζͯòܡ
ഺͯģΪʲôҿݵص㶼һӦûжľϵŶ԰
˭֪ഺͯͻȻʲô񾭣Ǽ˼־ıǺðɡ
ô˵Ȥζͯ䶨ˣⱾഺͯó򡣡
ǰǿ϶䶨ˡǿ˵׼Ƕһ𣿡
˵ҲûдͯƷ
ûдͦġ
ôġͯʫĴп㰡

⣬ѶǶֱûʲôȤġ֪ȤζͯഺͯҪ໥֮󣬷׷ȤʹԭעȲôߵĴͻȻñĿ
⵹ӦúúøлһഺͯҪһٶεġͯʫĴֻҲһƽƽʼƽƽ
˵ӦöԡʫĴܸȤŶԡǰһͯࡱҾȤȻˡ

ħഺͯ־硣
糤ֺڰ칫ӴһλҪˡ
壬αͰˡֺ˵
壬У31ꡣഺͯһߣΪĶͯɢļҡʫļҡ
ʱֺɳϣ㣬һ۾ȥ˹˹ĵġֻЩü糤μӱҵûʲôȤζͯǱߵߡǻΪ۸ǣóıϾͯ
ֺĵ۸ǵҪ󡣡
Ļȴ˵粻Ϊġ־иģӦɣ
ţ֪ո𲻾õͯҡҡ
Ͷˡα־֮ıʵϾ֮ıǺųŵĴڣԳΪĶˡңǼȻͬıҪ󣬾˵Ϊ϶Ӯ㡣Ͳ𣿡ֺ˵
˼һҲͷֺͬ˵
ֺЦǲ֪аӮ
óҲ˿ӮĻᡣҪõҽֵʸ񣬾ͱҪ˳ڶ׶βСһ׶ζˣֱҲա
ֺСӼȻųţһ׶Ӧûʵġ˵ȴ뵽˵һ׶ãȤζͯóףСҲΪһʱЦȤζͯ־ӰŹء
ֺûǷǳõġ

Ȥζͯٷ΢ഺͯıԺҲԼ΢һϢķ˿ǣμӽġͯʫĴ
10˿10˿Ƿǳǿġ
綼µȤζͯҪ˼ұԣǲ͵ÿ
ഺͯǱи˺ҪСİ
û£֧㡣
ԣԣдƪĶͯɢĳǡ
ǣǼʲôдǻƣǵɡ
ˣ˵ǹ˰ڸǼѹ֪𣿡
ǣ͵Ҫ͵֪ӮҲҪ͵֪𣿡

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һһʮ Ҫѧ
75աѾõһڡȤζͯڿʼˡ
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ǰ㿴֮󣬲Щδİ־ϡ濴ȻҲܰĳС˵ľ͸ˡ
Կǰ֮ҲԺĹ³ڴ֪ССʽһİӻʲôӵأֱ
˼ڵȵһڷˡ
ǿͤʱ򣬱ͤΧѾΧ˺ЩˡŶӵȴҲڱͤΧڷе־
кü˶ڿʽܡһʱ£׼߹ȥ˼һһʱˡ
Կˡʽܡ֮ϲǺͱ۵ʽưĹ̡ƽʱǺȼۣڱͤ־ͬϵˣǸˡ
ߵһ20£ĶԷȻ˵Сӣʽܡأ
𾢣䲻ıһģʱʹһ顣Щŭ̧ͷ׼һɵԼһµһλʱЩ÷ˡʵҲˣҲ50ҰɡԼĳ
壬أءһĿɰһЩԹ˵
ЦԲˣСӡǼڿⱾ飬ġ⿴ǵ
һ˵Ҳ£ô˵壬Ҳϲⲿʽܡˡͻ
װõôˣ1000ױСᣬ㻹һӮùҡ˵ҿҪǿ¡
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۾һϽ˵˵
ǳɣۡ⡮
Ƶҹ顣
Ҫ˵ǣ˹õһĺ顣ȴұ֪ˡͶս飬˵ҹҪȡĺ顣ǷǳĴݡÿ͵ǰͶһս顣Ҫ͵ˡٸһֱץȴʼûнץ鰸
Ҫȡĺ飬ѹŻˡҵϹѰ󱣻ϹǱʽܡϹͻңԼĺİȫ
˭֪թ쳣װɹһˣġĿ֮£ĺ顣
ЩŰ͸ÿССʽưˡǼİԾͱǰҪһЩˡ
ڴⱾ涼һЩʲôİˡ
ˣСӡʲô֣ڻ֪˵֡
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ӴǻͬءǸˣļ˵֪˶ϲǻⲿʽܡ
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⶯ڷǳ͸һ۵ʽưԺֵܻһЩӰϧҲֻܺȼۡһҲ񫡣
ͻȻѧ˵˵Ҫѧ𣿡
װ壬ͲѧܿġҰͺ࣬ڶѧˡ
۾һпյʱ̽ôĺǶߡ
ͷ԰塣ס⸽ɣҲס⸽е𣿡
Уֻ岻þһֱûá໥绰ʱʱ绰
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УллСӡ嵢ˡϽȥæɡ
ߺδߵͤǰ˵Сְ־аɣ
ǿЦ壬ͿˡûˣҲһ
ЦСӻǵϴεء־Ұɡ
ǿ׼ˡ
õ־ĵͷżȥŻȥʽץء



һһʮ һԷ
ʥ塣
СѾͷһδͯ־˹ȥ
ÿ10ܴõͯ־ɰСѾͷ˻ˡԼ֮⣬Ҫǣƾ־ΪͬѧֺõĶ
뵽ͯ־ԺСҲϲԼ־ˡȻǸϲЩȤͼⲢСѾͷе־Ϊɡ
磬϶Ҫżˡ㻹ȥʦҪǷżٺ˼һʡȥˣô죿СѾͷԴŴ۾ʵ
ĵҵȻȥʦˡңҵȻͻȥСѾͷ֪
СӾͲòˡؼдҵȥһ˵һ߰СѾͷԺơ
СѾͷ˵ĺһ뿪ˡ
СѾͷߺ˼Ҳ翪ˡҪٺúõΪٽҪʼ޽ũׯԤȡԤȵķʽǰЩʥ档ҪҲһЩ뷨
ȥ飬֮⡣ҲԼ뷨飬ĵʱȥѧУÿ
ţԼʰһȥˡ֪ǲΪŵԭ˾ԼԽԽ˧ˡ
ͷһȥȴȥˡ
·ϣ鷢Ϣʦпûҹ㡣
ܿ죬յĻظԡ
ϷЦһ֮ˡҪ͵
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֮ǸǣƵӰȻǺɫȿһɫʱгȻ촽ۣȻͷ£ں档
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һǡñ鿴ЩֵĵһۡڵƤ˲٣װûпһһ˵ʦ˰ȥѧУԵ㶫ɡ
˵꣬ԼһΪɶÿο鶼ԼŮʱӵİ
šͷѧУȥɵȿβס˫ȵıֱ޳
ۣæϡӦʽԼ˰ɡ뵽
ʦϾҪżˡǻؼһǼѧУʵ
룬ӦҪȥһεģڼ̫á
ԣԣӦûȥʦͦϲũģ𣿡
ţũͦġ
˵Ż֮ѧУſڡĿ£߳УšڳУŵʱ򣬻Ȼһʤơ
ճУţ鿴ԶӰüȻҲע⵽Ӱϴһ£Ҳ֪һĿʲôˡ
һﲢǶкʹëǶڻҽԺء
ȥʵ
ȥɽ󷹵ꡯɡɽ󷹵Ǽõķˡ֮Ҳûʲôطȥˡ
šͷתɽ󷹵ꡱȥڲԶ˲ᡣ
鲻ˣҲװûȻΪ֪˶鲢ûж⡣෴ĥŸֺ飬ԱĿ࿴
Ҳᡣ෴ĳ顣׷׷ֵزҲܿɹ˰ɡȻȻҲ
ɽ󷹵˺ûٵˡ
ٺ٣ʦҼҵĲ˺ٳĲˣϰ߲ʵ֮Լ⡣ش˵Щϰߡ֮ĻôͿʡʦ벻һӶǼҵĲأ
ϧǣƺСžšһĨζЦشѽȻûҵĺóԡǿԳԵġ
ŶӰԴзٵһӦʲô
⸱ģϵЦʤˣ۾ЩüëҲЩˡ

ʱʡǵҲӵֵܵĻ㱨
ʲôһСȥԷˣ
ǵģ硣͸ոսȥġ
СӳʲôģǲǸӲߣҲ˧Ŷ̷
磬ЩԶǿòǺӵȷߡ߲֮˶١
ǿǸСˡ
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ˣСЩаšԶԶǶ֡Զٷѣûеܽܵĵز
УǼšģֵڣС۸ɩӵġ
ţ˽죬ͻɡڱҪȥˡ
õģ硣
˵绰üͷ塣鲻С˼ɡСӻҵľֲɣҪʲô취ˡ



һһʮ СѾͷĵ
ɽ缯С
ĽֵϣǸոճ극ɽ󷹵ɢٻȥҲͬˡ
ʦϾҪˡ취ЩļҳǣǵĺǴ档ôʵ
۾һãܶﺢӻûмũʲôӡǴôƯеʲô͸ˡ
飿аϺз׽֪˵ȵȡǳ˼Щ˿϶Ȥġ
ţ鲻СϲǴ˹ҲȤҳͿԺͺһ棬ҳ뺢ӼĽаЩ֯ˣкܶԸġ
Ŷǲ֪ʦЩȤ
ôȥ棿˵꣬۾һۡ
ţȿȣǰ֪ʦ
԰ұʹȥǴġ˵ζĿһۣҲһŶ
ӭӭѽʦǺһ̫ˣ˶Ǻǣæ̬
ģЦЦʵ
ȻˣʦһһЩءĵ˵

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ţȥ
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ǣʦټ˵ͺˣݺԼһ£˵ͣ㻹Ͳ˰
ߵüعͷվԭأʵôߣ
תҪߵӣ˵ˡ
ȻһЦҲҴתѧУȥ
߽УţֱӰʧߵСЩջĿ⣬תʥķȥ

ϡ
šȤζͯһڵķУʽܡ͵ļȻͳΪ˵ʽĽ㡣
۹ԽԽÿ˰ԽԽˡ
ǰԾͱǰӸӶˡҲҸڴİˡ
ǰġ뿴İӰȤζͯͲܰ־Ӻһ㣬ؼ𣿾һҲûйϵ
֪ⲿƷ׼ټһͻȻûˡֹŴư͵Ʒˡ
ҲǡҿԺͲôƷˡȫƷˡ
õá˲ŲӦءöأǡæ𣿡

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ڣⰸƺԽԽ˼˰꡶ʽܡļ˵
ǰȥҿⲿƷѾԸıӰƷ˰ںԵ÷ǳ˷ܡӣټӹɫһԸдɾ籾ˡ˵Ժ󽫻ֵİˡ
УȡĺԺܼͨҺһѾߣ˹ĶӡͼңŻӳլԺ
ĶӲ֮󡣱ͨĹܼңŴ򿪴ţѰҹĶӡԴΪ췽㡣ʽֹܼ˿ҵ˹ĶӡһжϱڹԺ֮Уûӳȥ
󣬵ʽֳܸ֤ݣӹļ˵ָϳ˴ߣӳɹƣ
ڣ˼ǣƺµں뷨
ںЦµûҵȷȥ̸һӰӰȨ⡣
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ںҡͷٵˡİֻڵĸӾʡ˵ȥ˹ƾˡҪ֪ڰĿۼⲿƷϵ˿ɲ
ͷ˵еҾһȥֻǰȤζͯٷ˵ס£һʥĵط
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ɣǾ͵ȥɢɢġ׼ʲôʱȥ
ںһ˵ԽԽãֻȵسסһڶһʥ塣
ͷһȥ׼һ£ͳ

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裬һˡ
ţ˵ҪڼϳҾûķڳ
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ѾˣֻǸոֳȥˣ֪ʲôȥˡ
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뿪ȴСѾסˡ
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ģСѾͷԲţŴ۾ɵĿ˵òȥʦ˰ɣ
һ˵Ů˵ĵк׼ѲôСһŮˡĵоô׼ˣ
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磬絽׸ȥˣ㻹û˵ء
˵ڵæ
ƭˣƭСӡǲԵģҪߴ
СѾͷ벻뿴ͯ־ˣ




һһʮ һ·
һ·СѾͷڷӺһ黨￴ϰ֡
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ɽ絽ʥһ·ȻҪ޳ɿܿ·Ǯǲġ
ԼǮ֮⣬ǾֻͶʻǹҳˡҳʵȻõģһСũȻ˵ʲôá
ҲȫûпܡũׯȻΪԼ裬ʥҲкôġ˵ܴʥ巢¸ءӦǻֵ֧ġҪ֧Ǿͳ·¡
ȥʹ峤˵˵顣
ڶ磬ϰ峤ļ
ЦǺǵ˵үӽΪũׯ飿
壬ũׯ飬е顣
ͷӣʲô˵˵
壬ϾҪڴĿ档ǲ֪ûʲô
ó棬ǴӵķչкôȻǳӭЩ׼Ҫǰã˵ͰЩҪڴһЩǳʱϲЩʳ
ЦȻЩһǰõġ
϶ѾǹЩˡӻһҪ飬Ǿǰȫ⡣棬ɽ϶ǷȥɵطԶɽ·ܻܿᷢΣաǰżг˽ɽ棬һҲû¡˶ˣ¡
ͷ壬㿼ǵĺܶԡҲ⣬ɽΣҪ档һԶҰޣһͱڵȿܷΣյĵطڵһ㣬Ѿ뵽˽İ취ֻڻ˵ڵڶ㣬һɽЩֹοǰĵطþʾơȻοͲ˾棬ǿǰǾֻܺԸˡ
ȫͿǹˣѾҵ˽İ취Ǿ޾ţȻڻֻлͷʹɵһԺ϶ҪġдɵڣɽЩ߾͵ʵʵ
ɵǼһڿռգҲӦùʱˡȻɽ̫󡣹ɵһ϶ΪɵҼ֡ɽʾƵʱ򣬶ȥЩɽڡܲǱΪ޴Ķ
ϾʲôﶼʸΪ޵ġҵֻӵлͷʹɵһ츳Ķòˡ
ֻǰɽԺũׯİȫ⡣Ҳ޾ǣΪǲսǿӵ100%ҳ϶ȡֻڵĴɵֻڰ취ôɵҲܴҡڵĳڴҵ
ֻеѶȡôһ۾ǻ˵ġҪǽܴɵҪһĻԵСŻԵᵽġ
˶Ұ޵⣬ʣµİȫͱڵΣյĵطˡֵطֻͨʾƸοˡοͲ˾棬ΣֻǺԸȫξ㶼һġ
˵ڵһΣѾҵ˽취ʵʲô취ԥһûʡȻ˵ڲ˵Ǿ˵Ժ˵ġ
λԺ࣬óţгϢˡԸ
ֻ˵һ˽ɽ᲻ΣգҪһɽ
Ц壬İɡڱ´أΣյġ˵ɽҶǳϤˡҰҲͬˡ
ϰ֣ϰһЦ˵Ҳ༸һɽ˵һЩʾƣʲôΣաҪһȥҹŵȷʲôΣգҲͬˡ
ͷЩڰɽųˣɽֻҪȥЩɽ֣ȷʲôΣա
ţԼСġ
ģ塣һġ壬ǽһǹũׯġ׼ũׯ滮ʼ޽һЩʩˡ¶ҵȺ˵һһЩ鷳㡣
ͷǿԿʼˡҪ޽һЩʲôʩ
ҪǴڴ޽һͣһ칫С¥ԺӦûзꡢùݵȡһҪٹ滮һ¡
ţ滮øҾͿˣȥ
лл塣һҪ鷳塣
Цʲô˵ˡ
ٺЦǹɽ絽Ǵһ·⡣һ·ڵ̫ˣ󳵡Ҫ϶Ҫ󳵽ġ壬ùҳʸǴһ·¡
ȿȣɿһƣϣѽ



һһʮ ƻ
峤һҪ·üͷ
ȷð졣Ȼ룬ֻϣƲ󣬱취С
˵ӣ㲻˵ҵû뵽һ㡣ڿ·ȷҪһޡֻɹϣҪҴһ£ܼܲʣ
Ц壬ǰҲˡֻͿˡҴʾˣǮסԸ⼯ʣҲʲ˶١뵽ҳʣҲа취ġ
ͷţҾȥ롣
ǾллˡǾˣ塣
ͷ֪ڵ࣬Ҳ
صԼķ䣬ҪһԼжǮˣǰûϸ
QDƽ̨׸طֳɡ
á62⣬Ѿ500ΡҲѾ¼˻ﾭƵ
ұҲ615QDƽ̨ڵҲѾ300Ρͬ¼˻ﾭƵ
Ҳ˵ĿǰΪֹ׸Ϊ400롣
ξȤζͯĹɷݷֳˡ·ݵķֳ290һǮʱԴĿϡ
Ȼһè󡷶ȨǮ1000ءڡèѾصļ࣬һǮʱò
ԼõóǮ690ҡ
690ͷȷǲˡũׯڽ㹻ˡ
ڹؼ·⣬ɽ絽ʥĹ·Լ3ﳤҪ޳·Ļۺɽ絽ʥĹ·ΣԤһ£ԼҪ1000ҡ޳ɶ·ǾҪĸˡ
ص̫ƽĹǶ·̫ƽɽĹ·Ϊ·Դɽ絽ʥ壬ҲҪ޳·ɡ
1000ʽڵ˵Ȼ㲻֣Ҳˡ˵ϣܹ뵽ҳʣʵǲеĻҲֻпǳۿռļƷҰɽˡ
Ͷʣ뻹ˡȻаܹҵͶʣ
ȥֻ峤д벻סʱҪϵġȨ绰ʲô·ȨûﲹҪȥ鷳ˡ
ţ㲦ͨȨĵ绰
ϵܣѵøϸ绰ʲô鰡
糤ġѾڿʼ߻ũׯˡһ⣬ǱҪ޽һɽ絽ʥĹ·峤ѾҳˣҹͬĿԲ󡣲֪糤ûʲô·ӣ
㽨ũׯǴӵķչкܴģӦûֵ֧ġȻߵϵǾ׵ˡңϵ˵Ƿǳ׵ġ
ǳףô˵Щɻ
ӨӨѾͷ˵ںĸ鲻Ѿͷƾûʲôˡ
飿糤Һʲô鰡ǣã
ŮȻˣԾ֪ˡ
ҿɡ
˵绰ԥ˵ʵڵģȥ鷳顣Ȼ֪ı϶һ㣬ȻǼһ׷ֶβôʵʵ
һֱûȥıܣ롣ϲ͹ˣıҲãƶҲա˵һ
ȥ飬ԼǮء
ˣȥˡȹ쿴峤ǱߵĽ˵ɡ
·£Ǿũׯ滮ˡֽˢˢĻͼ
ҪũׯΪһξ㣬һЩʩǱҪġ
룬Ҫڴ޽һһͣͣԵũׯĴźڡ
ôţ޽һ칫С¥ײԺοũׯѡ˲Ʒͳһڳǰ︶ѡ
¥ڰ칫ȻԼǲ칫ġΪԺũׯԱ׼ġ
Ҳ׼޽һ¥οͳԷסޡ¥Ҫ߸ߵ·ߣЩǮƵѡ
ͨοͣڴﲻͬط޽ũ֡޽ٴʵʱӡ
ȻũׯҪΧǽҪߡΧǽοũׯķΧ
һЩʩԺʲôҪӵʩӡ
æСʱԹ緹ѽͼ͵˴峤ȻѾʼ滮ҲͲˡ
꽨ͼ߱˼δİš
76ţ֮Ļ豸ҪһҹһЩʾơȻ8ź9ɽȥþʾƣ˳㿴ܲһЩ츳ĶԼ޴
10ſʼġͯʫĴûзϡΪҪ˿׼ڱ˵Ҫдһƪ£Ƶ޸ĸĺüʱ䣬ϸһƬ˵ǾǼӵ顣
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һٶʮ п
77峿
Թ緹سǡѡһҹ湫˾һЩʾƣԼСʱ֮ȡȻȥѡһЩ䡣
ЩЩˣѡʲôʽ˻ȥءȻ԰ЩͳͳռһӾͿˡؼǿҪӵʱҪѶóС
ôණ˫Ҳò£һСֱҳǵɽҳԥƬ̣һֱʥ塣
бҪȥѧ¼գƤˡĥԺʱӦñȽ϶࣬ܲÿζгɡԼгҪһЩ
Сʱ֮õʾơһƤ̸üǮõЩ˴ڴ
ʱŵСԺⶫҲԡ
һѾʾƻص
߽ԺӵʱķԺİˣʮꡣϰһ㡣
ϰֿ˵ˣλѾþˡλ˶Ӱӱģλںλ
ϰλˣȻֶλ˵λСˡǺģҾͲˡ
ںæϸ̫ˡ
ϰЦЦ˵˾䡰úкˡ󣬾ͳԺȥˡ
ϰߺЦλõˣǸ
ںæͻȻûиԼãӦǴ˲Ŷԡ
ҲȴŵĻҪᰡ
˷ֱֱ֣º˵ϰ˵λӰӱģǲ֪λǡ
ںһۣں˵Ϊʽܡ
ʽܣںһ˵Ҳµԭˡ˵λֱӽҡͿˣʵҵѵλ⽫ʽܡıΪӰƷ
ںһϲ˵Ҿдһϵˡϵ˵ûǵȷΪʱʵһйصʽưӰӾ籾ҶԸ֪ϵܿɷⲿƷӰӸıȨǡ
ҲԸ⽫Ȩ㡣ⲿƷĴԾҪǸСӿģưַڶȽϼ򵥡̫ʺϸıΪӰӾ籾ֻܸıΪƬ
ں˵һǳʧҲ̾һ
Ƭ̣ںЩĵļϵܣʺ潫Ҫֵİӱ֮һΣ
ḴһЩ
ں۾һϣĿ˵Ȼ֮һҪӣҾȫԸıΪӰӾ籾
ҡҡͷ
ʵʽܡİԼɫȫԸıΪӰӾ籾ġ׼ΪǰⲿƷԶƬʽڵġ
ıΪȫնƬľġıΪӰƷǺͶƬĲ̫ˡ
һԭǣǰʽưӰƷǷǳḻġҪӰӰĵʽưƷҪȥıࡶʽܡ
ںʧͷںȷǺ봴һӰӾ籾ȻˣԺǿ԰ѡƵҹӰӸıȨ
ǣЦʧⲿʽܡܸıΪӰƷȷԭ򡣲ڵʽưƷҿɲֻǡʽܡһԸ⣬Ժлġ
ģں¶ϲһץס˵ϵܻƷ
ɫİںƿЦȻǾ黹ưַԶⲿʽܡҪӵĶࡣ
ںŷԼոչڼˣЩεЦϵܣ˼ϸո̫ˡĻбȡʽܡõƷϵܣǿ˵˰ԺһҪ
ЦЦȻû⡣
ãðںֻڻ˵ˬȻһû򵽡ʽܡӰӸıȨȴ˸ջ
һֵ̫ˡټԶеҪö࣬һõС
Ȼһֱû˵ıԿʱҲǷǳ˷ܡ
̸ˣںָŸոľʾ˵ϵܸոûЩƺǾʾƣ֪ϵҪôྯʾʲô
Цڰɽϵġ׼ǴӽһũׯΪһ㡣ɽкܶطǺΣյģԱҪЩʾƣοעⰲȫ
ں۾һЩɻ󣬡ũׯξ㣿ϵӾԿԳΪξ㣬ֻϵܽũׯʲôֲ˻ֳ
˺ǲ⣬պԻΪ֪ңǲܻǮġסҲͰˣϾﾰɫȷɽũׯ˿ˣֲ˻ֳǶô
Ȼ˵˼ЦЦ뿪Цҿũ񣬵ȻҪֵˣϲȻҪΪֳĲЩһ㡣
ͬʱɻ󣬡Ŷһ㣬ǵֳģʲôһģ
صʱҲ쵽ˣλڼԸ㷹֮Ǿˡ
Ȼɻȴһ˿棬ͷǾʹϵˡ



һٶʮһ ·ʵ
77硣
ںù˼ˮײԺ󣬵ɴ˫۾þ˵
˺һںż˵ϵܣũׯһҪҪģĽҸұ֤ũׯúο;ﲻ
ЩһոջΪũׯûʲôǰ;ﲻˣô
ЦЦ˵֪ҵũׯЩһ˰ɡ
ںһ㣬̫һˡϵ׼ʲôʱ򿪽
Ѿڿʼ滮ˡȰǶ·һ£ͿʼũׯĻʩ衣ٹ󣬵һׯ󣬾Ϳʼ
ںͷǹ̶Щϵܿϵã
ҡͷûС
ںһЦ˵ϵˡһѾ̵ġΪ壬Ӳ͵ϣԴγãڱҲáҾʡǡҪҪϸһ¡
ںʲô취һĸءû뵽ôˣλҲȷʵ˵ȻҲҽܸ
һȷΪ̶ӵ鷳աѡ̶ӿҪǳصġѡֺĹ̶ӣĶаȫ롣
Ȩæں˵Ҳʶһλѡλǲ˵жϡ
˵Ǿллˡ̶ӵСҪԼС
Ų̶ӴСǮĻøĴǡڣĻѾʣĲˣոˮԼҪ1µʱ䡣
׳Ůһٶˣϣʱҵʲôһ롣һٶ棬˶йСľ顣
ǰ컹ũׯʱҪҪС
ںЦ⵱ȻûˡǵСʱеģǹ̶ӡϵǴдĴ𣿡
ͷţ͸˵ˡ
ںɣھʹ绰쵽ʡǵʱ򣬻ء
ܿ죬ں˵绰Ц˵Ͼ͹4ҡʱϵܿɷ񷽱㣿
ţû⡣˵1㣬ʡǵ3Сʱʱࡣ
ʱ˵ϵܣҺȥǴתתʱ򣬴Ӵڵ·̣ѾŪˡҪȥﻹʲô
ЦأλȷӦȥ
ǳɣϵܡλʱٻں
õģλ㡣
ںͳԺӣתȥȴ峤Լ
ҲԶԶľͺӣڼءϲ£ϲѽ
ϲ£Īƽ޹ʵʲôϲ£˭Ҫˣ
߽ʵ壬ɶϲ°
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ͬˣһôô죿
ȴͻȻ쳣ļ˵ӣ֪˭֪ͨҵ򳤣򳤰򳤾ȻԸҴ绰˵ĿǳӣһҪú
Խӵ򳤵ĵ绰ʱʱľͻἤһǿ򳤰С峤ڼοʱԶԶ򳤼Ρ˵ʸûСڣȴԸ绰ܲ
Ȼ֪ǣҪ󣬱˵򳤣سҲԵʥ˵顣
Դĵ绰üܹԴ绰ȻǿдǷϡȻбԭ
Ƭ֮ͷӦþˣӦõȨӨ˵顣
óֻһϢʦллˡ
ܿ죬յ˻ظлңҪĿáȻ˵Ҳûáϰľ߹ϵˡԻĿãҪúҿ㡣
ҲͬʣȷҪĿϡôĹˡ򻹲֪Ҫѹʲôʱȥء
վæˣֻﰵм
壬쵽ԺһĥƬ֮󣬲ŷֻû峤Ժæ뵽
ءù
Ժʵ壬˵ʲôʱԿʶ٣׼޳ʲô·
Цһô࣬ż˵ʩӹԤʮ֮ɡʶٵû˵ֻ˵·ı׼ޡ
ͷ·ԤһֻҪʮʱ䣬ԤҪõĶˡ
壬ˡ
˵ﻰĸŶԣũׯĿѾĹעԺˣйⰡΪǴ·£ͻᴫ鸽ļӣԻĽǡ˵һЦ
Ҳݸٽ֮ȷ໥֮бȽϡ;ۣĴӵĴʥεĽ·鴫ֻ»Ľˡ
ˣӣ֪ࡣҾˡһҪˡ
壬һ£Ҹõˮȥԡ˵꣬ˮȥˡӿռժŵϰԵġ
ЦУҲ˭ӵˮóء
ͳԺӣˮЦǺǵˡ



һٶʮ ٽɽ
ĵ
ϵܣˡԺſڣںԼһ˽
λˡ鷳ԹǷǳǸӭ˳
̫ˡ˵Ҫ޽ũׯҾͰͰ͵ĸϹˡһءӷǳ˵һա
ںЦϵܣҵλѣǫ跽רңϸġǾͲЩˡ
ںֶǫ˵ϵܾͲҽ˰ɡ
ǫһЦ˵ȻȻֶ˵ϵܣҲдһϵˡû뵽˵ᡣ
ЦλҰҵĽͼ㿴ııϾרҡ
ǫӦúں࣬ʮꡣΪ˵ȷΪĺˬԺһ̣һֱڰй۲졣ƾʶǫ˵ȷֵΡ
ǣصаĽͼóݸǫȿĽͼһݣһڴ峤һڼ
ǫӹͼϸ֮ͷ˵ϵܣͼû⡣ֻǽ̿ҪС
ͷҲġʽҲֻũׯڽʹá
ǫɣϵŵùϸ磬Ͱѽũׯ齻ϸ硣ϸ׵ġ
ЦȻŵù
ǫһЦ˵ϵˬ졣һȥһݱ۸ϵܡֻǲ֪һ·ʲôʱ޺ã
ĻͻῪʼʮʱ깤
ǫͷǾ̫ˣ·޺úũׯ̿Կʼ

󣬼һں˸ǡ
ȻҲժһЩˮ߲͸ˡǫеĪ㲻ΪɶҪ߲ˡˮ׼лʱȴں˶Ǵϲĵл
ЩֵʵڣĪʲô
ںЦֻĪҪƴǣڲѡҲֻЦЦ͡
͵ڡǫǿģںôĳʡǡ
߿ˣƵߡڵܲһʱ䣬·ˣũׯҲˡֻҪɽȥѾʾþͿˡ

ڶ峿Թ緹ʾƣϻͷɽȥˡ
ʩӹ޹·д峤ȥӴΪ²ġ
ϴһװһ˫ƵĳͲѥһˮһѲ񵶡ˮڱϣ˨ϡ
˰ɽڴۼˣѾʾƺˮռһӣյɽȥ
νɽϴβͬϴνɽЩСҰޡһΣȴѾ˻ͷʹɵڡҲõɽĶҰޡ
ңıҲǿ̫ࡣڵʶݣûлͷʹɵҲɽȥ硣
ɽԺҲѴɵӿռ˳ֻ͵ĻһѾһˡ
ɵԺ˷ܵҡҰڡͻͷһһﶼܵʧˡ
ûȥһ֡ȹʱϰˣûôˡ
ɽȺɽҿеġɽһ㶼ָɽ塣Ҳڵʯ·ֱɽɽ塣۾ɫҲΪ
οҲֻ塣ɽʥ񶼺㣬˵οˡɽΣҲԶҪߵö࣬ǾԽֹοͽġ
ҲֻʾơĿȴ壬Ҫҵ츳ĶͱҪɽȥһ
ڱ˵ɽΣء˵ȴûʲô
ԼһСʱ֮ѾɽʾҲѾ˺üɵͻͷһҲԶԶš
һСʱ֮ѾɽɽͷֻҪ뿪ʯ·̫ԶӦòʲôΣա
ӰɽŵɽСʱʱ䡣
Ȼֻɽٶȡͨ˵ɽ·ϵЪϢʱ䣬ҲҪĸСʱܵɽ
˵ɽʵҲƽ̹һƬһطȴƽ̹һƬǾǰɽɽȻƺ
ɽʯ·1Сʱܿƺˡ
ƺ޴ޱȣ500Ķˮɲ⣬̿ȾָںĻһ50ĶҵСԶԶȥСƣﻨ㡣ʱʱܿڵϷɽɳ
ȻôࡣǾ棬Ҫ֪ĺ1000סǵԼСʱҲƺʱӦûôࡣ
ˣȷðɽַһЩı䡣ֲϴνɽʱ۾ء
ŵϽĸ࣬ֱ7³෱ֳļڡĥǲϵȥŪ񵰡֮ķŽռ䡣ԺҲũׯŪһ԰ɶġ
ԽԽĶЩСһﱻŪռҲһָ֡
ԣϵ
¶ҪϵȥҪôϵͼˡһľȥˡ
ɵȥŪôֵԲľҪɿݵġźŵĴɵ˸ƣʾԼҪľġ
ɵͷȥľдУҲһЩѾɿˡ
ɵߺĴѰҪٽľһ𣬵ľʹá
ܿ죬ɵؼŪߡ˸ľͷЩľͷȫǿľ̴ϸࡣ2ֱ20ҡ
ɵɵòǸ˵ı˴ɵ䡣ǵôɵһ˷ܣѡĿ⿴ŻͷôʱֻҲܰ˰ɡ
ͷһԴ
10ʱ佫ЩľͷΰãһľˡѡһΪ
󹦸ɣ




һٶʮ С
ľˮϡľ
һʹܡ
ԸһҡľƵĵСȥ
ˮ˺ϵһ
ľԽСԽǾԽԽɳŷ֣ԶԶҪࡣССȺӣкܶʶֻǸоܺÿӡ
ľССٽľ˨һſߵϡȻȥ
һһѰֵĿꡣ
С䣬ʲôûС䡣СԸ֪磬ҿжϸද츳ǱС䷢츳Ķͻ֪ͨ
ûУˡЩ츳ǱͨǷ鵤ҲֻǿһЩ򵥵ơС
šͷҲûʧͷʹɵĶǿġ
ңҲҪѰ츳ǱࡣֻץһЩŵռΪԺũׯİ԰׼
ϣ͵洦ɼѵĸ߶ҲǸͬЩʮ׸ߵϣЩȴһ׸ߵϡ
Щƺûм࣬һҲ¡ֻǵʱܵһ㾪ţָֻƽ
Ǿһ׵ĵطıһرܵ˼ûС
ϵƺûʲôа⾯Ҳ̫˰ɡһֹ
ˣˡŪһЩռɡţʹÿռ֪֮İһЩĳŪռ䣬ڿռҲõĴ⣬ר֡
ҲЩ񳤴òÿŪȥˡ
һһŪҲ֪Ū˶ٽȥˡӦòˣ׼תˡ
ɵתһ˲䣬ƺ۾ʲôæͷȥһɰˡ
ֻԶļľķ϶֮䣬ֻŵӰˮϷѩףͷܳϡǶӡ
ѵǣһ󼤶ȺӰȥ
֮󣬹ȻͬһȺӰĴ֮һ졣
ңͻһ֣졣Ҳа졣
ѼȺһ֣峤Դﵽ1.5ףؿɳ10ǧˡȫëɫΪɫ첿ǿײΪɫǵͷܳԼռ峤һ롣ӾʱӾֱ̬쳣
ҲϷɵߵ֮һڳ9000׵ĸ߿հ衣ɷԾߵɽ壬塣
ɫף̬ˣΪҳϡˣҲѰɫΪࡢҳϡ߹
ڡʫϾѾ˹ļءɼԹǶ춼Ǹƫ
ֻ΢һЩ벻׵ǣ·ݡ˵ʱӦ÷зֳŶԣôء
ϸ룬Ҳûпܡﺣ1000ףˡȵʱҲԵȡѡɹҲǲԡȥĳ;С
10ֻ֮࣬طӦûи졣ЩȻûз֣ںˮ׷Ϸ
С䣿Щ츳Ǳôʵ
ˣЩ츳ǱȻЩҪһЩҲ߲˶١С
һЩź
ҲûйϵҪ͵ġԺԼũׯֻŵ죬ǡ
һ˷ܡץֻ׳ȥ
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ԸѰҳѨɹȾţС˵С䣬ܸӦѨʲôط𣿡
ԵģˡǰֱߣȻ󡭡
Сָ£ܿҵһѨֻ׳
ʹÿռ֮ŪֻԲˣְ֣衣һչ˺ǵĺӵġ
ţһѨŪֻ׳
ֻ׳ˡٿһۺ죬㿪ʼԭ·ء
ܿ죬صո˨ľĵطľϽľոķȥ
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ľ룬ͷһСŸɷɽɳĥšԺӦûԽԽƺΧ档Ҫ취ǴŵЩ
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ͷС䣬ոˡȥһЩСһ
ڵĵطֻһȺǧֻ֮ࡣֻ׳һȺΪۣΧĳ˺üȦ
أ˼һ󣬱ɽɽһƬ򣬽ٸѣЩһﰲ˽ȥ
ֻ׳Զһˮݴ
Щʱ򣬲ŸоԵռĵò̫ˣһéݣһڳһɽ壬ʣµľֻвݵˡ
бҪռˣγɸĵòԺ³Աǲðˡ
ЩСһﰲúú󣬿໴ӡʵС䣬ûʲôιЩСһ
Сеģˡ̳ϵͳһ֡ҺΪЩСһʳ
ϲǾͺãҸһЩιǵĻ鷳ˡ
ģһιõġ
ͷéǰ̳ϵͳȻڹ￴ˡҺһҪ5ֵ
5ֵˡһֱӹ1Ρ
ܹ5ֵҲǺܱ˰
ڲƴ֣5ֵҲ㲻ʲôˡ
ѡҺС䣬˿ռ䡣ڻڰƺߣ̫ܵˡ



һٶʮ ±
˿ռ䣬ʱ䣬11
ʱ仹磬ȥ
ڰƺԶһߵϣһʮۡû֣Ҳ֪ĸ޽ġǹӵӣɵʱӦò̡Ҳǧˡ
10Ӻ˸ڵ⴦ƽϡ
30ףоŲ㣬ʰͣײ߳Լ20סɲԼҡ
Ϊһķʯ̨3׶ߣ߳Լ40סѾӲݴľҶضǣȥ˵Ļ
ΰĸܵĻԱȣ겻ѡ
Ҳ֪˭޽޽⺣1000׵İɽɽʲô⣿޽֮Ҳûһɶġ
Сʱ˽һЩĴ˵
˵ںңԶʱ򣬰ɽһʱаûһΪײСʱɽµĴׯк
ǻֲ̿㼯ڰɽɽŴԸ·ħʮ֮һλ˴
λɲ̴ܿ࣬·ɽаȫȥһײеѹڰɽɽó
ڿˡڵʱλɲû˵ȻҲ֪ʲôֱ֡ڣû֡
˵һȰСʱŵùǺɽҿ
Сʱ˵ݸĪ׷ɡ
ֻǲ֪绹û˵ʴȥ
׷ҲУֻǺûаӵĴ˵
˵鴫˵ŹʵĹӦҲв٣ֻûˡ
ʯ̨߽ǧķ紵ܣԵü쳣òп˾տĽա
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пһȥҪﵢ̫ʱ䡣
뿪ڰƺתһȦ˼龯ʾƣɽˡȥɽ忴һ
µɽһΣԱߵһɽǱȥ
ɽռ10Ķռȥ˽ӽ֮һɽȾҪСöˡСҲֻԡ
ɽʵҲСԶҪΣա
ڵɽ庣δԼ1000ңλôɽǺԶ
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ڣҲ֪Ƶʲôطˡ˿ʱ䣬ѾҪĵˡ
ˣЩǿ󡣽ɽؼҰɡΪ˲øĸģɽؼˡ
ȻʱСͻȻ˵ˣǰһ£ȥ±߿ҸоƺиȤļһ
Ȥļһһ񣬡Уǹȥ
һƬҲ֪ʲôľɵ֣һ±ߡ
վ±߿Կɽ屻һƬɫǣ¿ȴֻܿһƬƣҲ֪⴦µжߡ
С䣬ƺûʲôرİ˵Ȥļһվ±Ĵ쿴ľӲݣһƬټʱʱɽ磬֮ûбˡҲһƬžûпһֻ
ˣұߵǿŴϡС˵
ϣĿұǿŴȥȻߡ׸ߵĵطһСһſ۾ƺǺΪɶûм
СһСͼè࣬ҲЩֻβر𳤣һ໹м鰵ɫƣϡƶģ
һ̬СһЩèƶ֮һƱƱϲϻһҲԿֻһﻹ̫Сˣܿ϶϶ɽè
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ǵģˡ˵ͷʹɵ츳Ǳ100ôһ츳Ǳ90ңгɳĿռ䣬ԺҪﵽ100ҲûпܡС
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ɾ׼СһսռʱȴСһ۾ͻȻֳһ˿־壬ȻѸٴܵϣȥ
ͷһͷǼһ㡣
ͷˣϽ׷
һߺһѸٳСһʧķ׷ȥ



һٶʮ Ա
Сһʧĵط׷ȥòײôһһɲˡ
СһľڣӦСһĴڡҲ̫ġ
ͷһҲ׷˹ȥ֪Լ˻ڽٶ˼£ಡһӹ
һٶô졣
ҲʹȫʯתŲٶҲ
10֮Ѿ׷Ӧôûòԭʼ״̬
ˣǾǰ档
šͷҲӦͷǰ治ԶƺѾͣ
ȥһ޴ʯ档ȻͷѾͣʱ֫΢΢΢ǰںһһš
ͻͷŵļһ峤1ңβҲӽ1ҷǳֶ̣֡֫ȴһֽýĸоͷԲڱͻצӷǳɫɫдɫ״ơ
ȻһͷƱ
ûпСһӦҲƱˡոܵţڻҼҳˡһͷƱСһĸףСһ϶ڸ
ϸ۲һȻڳƱ治ԶһŴϣСһӰ
ƱҲĵԵý겻Ϊ˱СһֻѾԶˡ
ͷ£Ը
ͷƱǻͷĶ֣ԸƱܵ˺Щ֣һΪɶСһأɽ֮䣬ƱСһȫߣͷδؾ׷ϡ
ͷһ˵۾ȴһֱƱ
Ʊͷ£΢ƽһЩ
С䣬һôʵһ￴ȥǿ׳ǲ֪츳Ǳô
ϲ㣬ˡһ츳ǱҲҲﵽ90Ҳռ䡣ĽˡС
ˣϸ֮£ȻƱһֻǰצЩȻͷֲһﲻء
һҸͷţȷЩ򵥡ȻЩȲѣҲǳˡ
Ҫ֪ͷһʹɵһѾʼ졣ǻʨδǻͷĶ֣˵Ʊˡ
ΪֻһСģֶһġһϲ⵹øлͷСһˡ
ļһɣҪţҲ˺ġֻǴȥһõط
Ըٵʱ䣬ʹÿռ֮ǰƱСһﶼ뵽ռ
һŪռԺûмŽȥһǶС˵С䣬ȿһҵץʱɽˡ
ոֵôʱ䣬Ѿĵˡٲȥϰõˡ
ֻﴦɽ֮Уû·ҪɽЩ鷳˷򣬴Żͷʹɵɽȥ
Сʱ֮ɽšãʱ䲻
ɵսռ䣬Żͷȥ
һ·Ĵ׷Ĵָ
ӣġ·󣬺üһ˺ü
ӣǴĸˡ㲻֪ڴ˶ܹ·ĽĶðˡ
ӣ·޺úũׯǲǾҪˣʱæ

Ҳһ·ЦźʹǴк
쵽ҵʱϰԺ
֣һˡϰ֣ԶԶغ
ϰֿӰüͷչߵýˣʵ˾ͺãӶûУ
ˣٽɽһˣûʲô©ĵط
šϰֵͷ׼Էˡ
Ҳ˵ϢһͳԷˡ
ȴԷһ֣衣ȥתһתٻԷ
ǳɣڳ˵
Ӧһ߳ԺӣŴȥ
쵽ڵʱ峤ôӴ߽
壬ؼأк
ӻˣɽûʲô飿Թûʵ
Цˣûʲô顣ȥһΣһûʲô©ûԷأҿٻȥԷ
ҲЦˣؼҳԷڻʲôȥɽͷüһ̴ء
ϣ塣ȿߡ
֮ȥ
ôڣȷûʲô仯·̶ӦǴɽͷʼƽȻҲֻܴͷʼ
·ϵвٴߡȥɽǱ߿ֵġ
Ⱥ֮˼ıСӰСѾͷʹܺǡ
磬ʲôôȥͷ֣
СѾͷҲһ˵һ󻹸һȺܺӡ
ڲŻؼңȺСһڱϣ֪Ƿѧɽ￴֣ڲŻ
磬ûööѽɺÿˡСѾͷһתش⡣
ѽ硣ôȥ
磬컹СҲȥѽ
һȺܺҲߴߴ˵ûꡣ
ûŹȺСһ
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磬쿼ԣҵ
ԣ룬ȷӦÿˡ
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ĺѧ磬ģҿúܺáСѾͷ˵
磬ҿҲ
磬ҿ϶Ƕúá
һȺܺҲʾ
˵ȺСһ֪ʲôǫ𣿡һȺܺӺͷۡ


һٶʮ ϲPK
һȺܺӺͼһ·˵Цȥ
صʱպðá
ԹԼķ䣬Ž뵽Եռ档
С䣬һôˣһռ䣬ʵ
ˣҰʱɽµһһﻹȽƽС
ţȥǡ
ƱڵĵطƱʱĿСƱ
ЦЦһһְܳĸס
С䣬ʲô취Ľˣʵ
ˣ̳ϵͳһ֡ѪɢС
šͷȥ̳ϵͳһƿѪɢȥ100ֵ
Ѫɢһɫƿװšοƿ˿ǰɫ״ҩۡ
ţҩ
šѪɢƱߡƱŲŲӡԥƬ̺󣬱ûٶˡƺܵûж⡣
ͶҪڰˡѡѪɢƿڳƱǰһΡ
Ʊƺ˼ĿͲ١ſڵϣֻ˵צӡ
ѽϷ츳Ǳﵽ90Ķһϲ
ֱ֮ӸƱˣһһﵽܲͼ
ʵ֤Ʊȷʵͼƺûгԡ鵤֮ǰĴɵ
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ҩȥԺ󣬳Ʊ˿ۿɼٶϡܿѾȫϣһ˰̶û¡
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һ֮󣬳ƱͣԥƬ̺ǰĿϲһ䡣ƺڱĸл
ԶһĻĴɵǱĵоӡһŸѧͽˡ
һЦţһ鵤󿴵ƱСƱ˵ҲСһһš
صéǰ̳ϵͳ鵤
鵤100ֵһšǰоͬһ鵤ڿȴͬײ˼һ㡣
ⲻһп
ˣС䡣СƱôСԷ鵤𣿡ͻȻ⡣
ԵģˡոճļһﶼԷáˣˡСԥһ˵ҪЩ鵤𣿡
Щࣿԥһ˵Ҳգ͸ҲһŰɡܳɳʲô̶ȣͿԼĻԵ컯ˡ
룬ЩһﱻӰƺСռ棬ҲһԵ֡鵤ֲ󣬾͸һ컯ɡ
գ̳ﹺ1000鵤ԼȥιͷƱʣµĽС䡣ιЩ鵤ͽСȥˡ
ͷƱڷ鵤󣬲˳˯
ɵ׼۸ǡ
ԶĴɵԸһ˿ռ䡣

ڶ졣Թ緹ֽɽȥˡ
ʯ·һ飬ȷϾʾû©֮ɽˡ
Ҳ׼ȥ·￴һ
㣬Ӱɽ֮󣬱㾶ֱɽ·
Ȼ˵һ
ھֱкüڡ䡱Ĺ˸֮ࡣ
ΧҲΧһһѡߵĽˣ˵֮Ҳ˹
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͵͵ʹˣ˵Ҫ޳·˵ʥʲôˣ·޵ȥˡ
ʲô㣬Ǹӵĸ㡣˵ΪҪʲôũׯŻ·ġ
˵ûҲ˵ˡӵضˣϰĶءһĶһ껹3000Ǯʥð
˵ҴôͻȻôǮأǴǼѧôûⱾ¡
˭֪أʶʲôϰ˰ɡҿ˵Ǯĳ˵Ǵȥء

ЩֻЦЦû°ڰ̫ˡ
һ֮뿪ˡ
ص򿪵ԣ׼ûʲôϢûϹ
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졮ͯʫġҪʼͶˡ
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ҲдʫĿԴһЩϴβһʲôӽѩ׶ͯʫҲ󡣡
˵˭ӮһδĹھ
Ӧ塣Ǹ˵
ͬ⡣˭ùھҪǿ
ô˵αҪPKˣ
ô˵ôЩϤ˭PK
û취˾ϲPK

ȺһԴֱۣʲôʱϲPKˣ


һٶʮ һһֱע
Ⱥһ֪Ҹ˼PKûһ׷ˡ
һֹһߵ½΢΢˿ӦøɰһЩ
Ȼʱ³һѪ
ѽͶͿʼˡ֪׼ôѽ
˭֪أûзӦ
ܵȥ˰ɡ
ҪʼˣҲû˰
˵ûɡǼһĶͯʫĿǺء
Ҿ⣬˲˰ɡ
ģôءʱ׶ͯʫҲó

ȺûнڲٵļһƵ˳΢
Ȼ֪˿Խǵ٩Խ˵˿ǶġһҪPKʱ򣬷˿٩һ˼ûС
һ˿˵ˡͶͿʼˣɢĻʫ裿˻û
ֻʫ裬Ϊһ׾Ķͯʫ裬ӦҪһƪɢĴø㡣Ͼʫڴ
ȻָǹŴʫ衣
ţȿһߵƷͶǵۺ˵
Ȼ˵Ͷ10žͿʼˣû׼10Ͷ塣ҪȸǰߵͶԼǵۣжһǸƫһƷ
ȻͶԽ磬õĶͶƱͿԽࡣΪÿλעûֻͶƱǰƱͶˣ濴иϲƷҲûͶˡ
ʵǰ漸ֻѡԼϲƷһŰƱͶȥ
˵Ͷͳɼĺûû̫Ĺϵ˵ƷɶǾʱľ䣬ʱкη
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ڼũׯûнãȻͲũׯȥˡ
ũׯǾȤũ
򵥣ȥǡžˡڰɽƬһνɽʱ˲١ֻһֱûʲô;ڵǿùֱʹá
ؼǻ⡣Ϻȿ϶ǱҪеģзҲԣֻƳﺢӸˮȥĲࡣ
Ȼ׽֪ˣͩͽࡣ׽֪˵Ȼȥ׽ũ庢Լķȥ׽Ҳܼ򵥷㣬֩͡͹ˡ
Щ飬֯Ϻ׽֪˴Ӧͦ˼ġ
ȻҳԸãũҲǲѡ
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ǻûۺֻ̳ҪˣЧǳġ
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֣ڿţϰʻЦЦСҪϹģóĿɲͯɢȲ˵˵ʫ衣ǰ׺Ԫô
ϼԾЩģ˼Ӯ
֣ȴǾ仰˭֪ء
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ʡǣĳߵС
һ߿һ˵λֻЩְ
һЦһս̫į˰ɡȻԸϣʵġ˺ͱռϷˡ
˵꣬̾һʱPK̬һЩ΢ı仯
еı¶չֳɡһһֱעġҪҵһĶ֡



һٶʮ 
ħഺͯ־硣
ͿʼͶˡ׼𣿡糤ֺʵ
糤ѾˡѾϵˡ˵Ѿ׼ˣǷġܱ෽
ţͺáֺͷ֪ΪʲôЩ
Ϊʲôأֺͷһڲ裬ǿԼ˵ЩЦԼʲôûмȴС¸
Լ̫ⳡӮ𣿿ɾˣҲӦ۴ķ濴ԼҲӮİ
ħĳС
ڵԣѾѵһƪƷɵĵˡ
ڵڶ׶ε㡣ɲҪڶ׶ζˣû˼ˡ
ţͯѾûе֡ĵλ
Ϊķ˿ͬΪ
ΪΪĶͯɢļҺʫļңȫҲӵдķ˿΢ķ˿кü
ڻᣬ͵˿ࡣһУҲ顣
ûпʼķ˿ЩȴЩĦȭˡ
ǣǡͶͿʼˣǵȥͶƱ
Ȼ׼ˡƱȫͶÿ˵Ʒˡ϶ûǼƷá
һ׶û⣬ؼǵڶ׶ΣǧǸˡ
𣿲õģܹܲ˵һ׶λһء
ǣͯдúãɢʫҲдúá
ȷˣ˵ǲ׼ġֻȤζͯӦഺͯıҪȲġ
ôࡣȥʡЭĹƷˡ
ԣ⡣һ׶εƷ֪ûʸǼˡ
ͬȥ
ԣͬȥ


710աȫСѧʼ٣ͯʫĴҲĻ
죬ȫʡЭٷվͬʱͨδͶ
һʱ䣬δϴ˹עĽ㡣ʡĹ࣬ħ͸ʡ
ʡȻʡʡˡ
ۣεĴôô֣겻İ
Ϊп㰡˵ôûڸʡ˵Ʒأ
ֻп㣬ҷĲԱҪöడʡ˵СʱʮƪƷˡ
ԣҲˡʡĲƷҲˡ
ΪPKԭʹδĹעȿǰߡ̲ס׷׳˰ɡ
ۿӦþ˵ЩʦҲҲ˰ɣ
ôͻȻЩΪ˵Ͼⲻǿ
ҺҲһˡڶûϴƷЩˡ

ΪδеԶԶֹǡЭ͸ʡЭҲеǳ;ϲ
ֲʹĴƲʲô˵ģǷǳȤ˲Żעһ¡
ȻһʼǸоЩһˡͶԶ˲٣ǵĹעȺҲ߳١
ң϶δۺ͹עҵơ
øЭϲǣȻһѭĹ̡
ǹעԽߣͶĻҲԽߡͶƷˣǵȤȻҲ͸ˡ
໥ȥͻʹδȶԽԽߡ
ΪҪǣδȶȳ߸ߡǻһЩԭֱмһ˵Ĵʦ̲סȥ͸˼ˡҲػýע⡣
Э뵽Щһ񡣷׷ó֯δ

ȫߺѷ׷ĦȭƵʱȴڸһȺܺ¼
ϣСѾͷȥѴܺǶۼ˵ҪҪ
ܺһҪʱһ˷ܡ׷ܵԺＯϡ
һȺ˷ܵܺӣЩ⻹ûʲôأﶼô˷ܡңҲ̫˰ɡ
ԺܺġʮˣʮҵС̫С򡣵ȻЩȫʥĺӣЩǸڼӵġЩСһϢͨ
磬ɶҪ飿˵
ǣ硣˵ǲ˻ȥҡ
ͣ¡ˣ㹻ˡæֹ˶Էֳ༶ˡ
˾ϵĵ˵֪ʲô𣿸Ⱥܺ¼񡭡
ۣ¼񰡣ÿᰡ磬¼ʲô񰡣
ǣ磬¼ʲô񣿡
磬Ҫ¼˵ҺûһƯ·
硣һ£һȥ·
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ҰҪǵƵŵȥһСǡص˵
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ۣ̫˧ˡһҪ¼Ұ

ȺܺȰȥϪˮҿ˭ıֺãҾ¼˭
òײȺ˷ܵܺӰϪˮȥ



һٶʮ ¼Ƶ
һȺܺϪˮߡ
Сȥ׼Ϻĵͺնʼ㽫ˡ
СƲֹ磬ܲñȥҪ¼ء
СӸϽһ㣬ͷջ
Сһʱ˷ˣȥȥ˭Ըһȥģ
ңȥ
ңҲȥ

ʱ10ܺӸСˡ
ˣʣµ˶ע˰¼зĳҼ¾˵
Ծ
ҲҪз

һ˲20ܺӳϪˮһСϪˮ˲ͱ˶ˣЩһܺӶûеط½ˡ
ͷߣæŸʲôҵİš
һȺܺȫϰվǰӰš
ͶϾĻᣬ˵ҪҪעⰲȫ֪𣿡
磬֪ˡܺͬĻش
ĵͷ˵10ˮȥһ¡СƽСǿСӣĸģ
㵽10˷ܵĴһµϪˮ档
վ߿ԸߵϪˮߣеĵ
ˣҪʼ¼ˡǼ΢ֿһЩƽʱзĽҪȻһЩԣԡС㲻Ҫ￴СǿȻһЩСƽʱзĶôֱͦͦ𣿡
磬ǸҡϸоǺڡ
磬ңҲһ㡣
Ϫˮ10ܺӷ׷ױʾԼڣǵðϵܺЦ
ӣвал
磬ǲаϽˣȥԡ
ҲݸȺСƽʱĲС˭֪һͰǽˡ⡣κԾͷʱ򣬶ٶЩڵĸо
ȺСӷɵ˵Ȼ¼ЧûӵĻعȻĸоˡ
룬˵ʱ¼ˣһ档
Ϫˮ10ܺЦϰ׷׺͸ոûˮܺӴ
۹ոǿûһԱĸо
ҸոзĶ˧˧
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ЦãȺСӶϷ˲ɣֲһôȻ
ʱСҲˡÿﶼżͣһЩ˿֮ն
磬ǻˡЩ𣿡С˵
ţ㹻ˡǶɵòȰЩŵһߣ¼зȥ¼Ϻ
СȺӷ׷Ӧǡ
һȺܺӣıһԡ
վ˵Ҷ˵екӶˮȥǰսһ㡣Ǿƽʱһ棬ҪҵĴڡһڰ߹۲죬˭ıãҾ¼˭֪𣿡
֪ˣܺǴӦһ׷ѡˮĵص㡣
һʱ֮䣬һϪˮͱܺռˡ
ٺ٣գע⿴зĶ˧úܡ
㣬ſһз
ҪҪһֻз棿

ʱͷߣֲȺСô𾢣ԭԭ档ôС֪Ůϲˣǰ;
Ҳ֪ЩСƨŮǰһԼûʲô˼
СʱͰҲͦϲڰŮǰԼġ
ĸʱһ
ڰ߶ȺܺǻָˣϪˮ濪ˡ
ûᣡͣͣǲ׽һЩľͷ
ŰСʱ֮
ǣչˡǽȥһվ˵
ҮϺȥˡǿϾˡһȺŮӻзǹȻϲȴҲˮȥոֻڰϸĽ
СѾͷһֱûз¡ԥԥζˮȥվûȥһԿðԺЦ
ϺͲһˣŮһ档
ϺĵصϪˮˮҲӵһ֧ȻЩʹͬԵϺֻǴһ㶼ѡǰطѡ
ѡĵص֧ոյһڣ¼ƵϺƵҪ˳ˡ
ûö೤ʱ䣬¼ƵСѾͷдͷԼܵöչһ㲻ǡ
ȻС⼸ֲܺӡҲдͷ
¼ϺƵִܺ¼һЩ׽֪˵Ƶ
æ˴죬ǰƵ¼ƺˡʣµľǻȥˡ
ҪôѾˡǰһǳʳ¼Ƭ
ںܺԼãƵԺǹۿ֮ʹСѾͷؼˡ



һʮ ˮƽ
¼Ƶæ˴졣
صʱѾĵˡʱϹΡͯʫĴѾݱˡ
û뵽εĴô˹ע
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ĸʡģ
ϡ
֪ҸոȥһʡһƷաԲԣߺǽࡣ
ţǡ
һ˼ұСˡ˵ŵһɱ˵ڶ׶εıҲûпܡ
ǰоľܼҰ
˭˵أʡǰʮƱһġ˵ʲô
ûз֣ĿǰħڵһƷģʡڵһƷҲġ
У⻹Ҫ˵ҿһֱעʡġӦöûͶ塣
ⶼȥһ˻ͶͶԽǰƱԽ󰡡
˭֪ʲôءǿžͺˣо˼ġ


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ʡǣȤζͯ硣
ȨһˢվһʵϵܻûͶƷҪҪ绰ȥһʣ
лƬ̵ҿãͶ⡣ǿžͺˣϵʲôʱʧ
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ҲˢվСӻûͶƷѵǻ׼ã
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᰽ŵľܼҰҿڸʡǰЩƷܲСӮƻЩѡ
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ЦЦû˵

ǣĳߵԢ
ϼЩǵʵͷӣǸ˻ͶƷ𣿡
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µȷ˵׼СӲʧġ

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һ˵ûУ硣һֱڹעʡǱߵ磬ǷҪСͶ֮ǲͶ𣿡
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˾ʱʱˢһҳͻȻһˢҳ󡣸ʡЭͶʾôһϢ
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磬硣ͶˣͶˡͶˣ˴е
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˵꣬æǰƪΡ򿪣ϸĶ
ȻԼģʮּɵġڴ򿪡ΡʱЩš
ɵ꡶Ρ֮˶ʱ
ЩмЦһΪжأҰװ׵ôʱ䡣ȻˮƽǲġֻӮҵĻбȽϴĲࡣ
ҲһĲм磬ôһΪжءڿĲ໹е󰡡
ȴǰڰ˵Ҳ˵ϾͯǿɢˮƽҲǲˡ
廰˵Ͻ֮ɫβסġ
磬ǵƷͶ𣿡ʵ
ͷţͶɡҲöǿˡ

ѾͶ˿ԶԶֹǡ
ഺͯ硣
ֺŵĻЦԭСӵˮƽӴҽ컹ôġ
ҲЦʵ˵ƪµˮƽǲġֻʢЩˡ
ֺЦһ֮ŵǷˡǰʢסˡ
ӣСӹƲճˡ
ֺЦһ˵ҲֲñˡֻܹԼ̫ᣬһɼͲ֪ˡ
̾ǰ̫ˣϧˡ


һʮһ 
ʡȤζͯ硣
ȨĶ˼顶Ρ֮΢΢üͷ
лⲻ̫ϵܵ°
лҲǿ˼飬˼κ˵Ƕϵܵ˽⣬ȷ̫¡Ʒ䡣һдɢģв֮Ҳ⡣
ȨͷȷƪµˮƽʵǲġЩֵѲΪ
лüȷǵ׼ʵʱ֧Ԯһϵܡ
Ȩͬĵ˵ͷü֮ĵ֮ɫԡ

ʡǣĳߵС
Щֻ˵ҲãСǼԡ˵Ժķչкôء
ЩüȻĲó򣬵ΪҪȥأⲻǸԼ鷳ܾԲ˵ΪŲȥֻȥһ£ʤʵأСӵԸ񣬵ȷֿܡ

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ʹЦãðСҵһѵˡңԼġ
κ󶫿ֻ糤һ˵ҪڵһЦôֻ
һ˵糤ļƻ
ͣ˵һаռƻа˶ѾҺˡȻûôƯʤڹʲô㶮ġ˵Ϊ»ǵĳɹء£°Ҳʱ

ǣĳ߼Ԣ
ϼ꡶Ρ֮󣬵ͷ˵ƪΡǷǳġһڲóд£Ѿܿɹˡ
֣ȴû˵ŵĻƺ˼ʲô۾һ˿
ϼ֣û˵Щ˵ͷӣ˵ʧǲǣ㲻С۵˰ֲ˼óдѾˡ
֣ЦЦ˵£ҲʧǸѾ÷ǳˡ
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ʲô⣿ϼ߶һϸ
һ֮ϼһ˵ͷӣ˼ǡ
֣ͷȷпܡߵҲġֻΪ󣬴ûע⵽ˡ
ϼ۾һܿһЩǵ˵Ļǲ˵ûͶƷⶼʲôʱˡ
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˷˿ȻΪٰάΪڲóˮƽѾǳˡ
ȻЩͷķ˿ЩֵļһͲΪˡǲŲǲóء
֪ҲܵҲвóĶ
ǣտʼôߵǶΪܺһϸأڿԶ˰
˭˵ǰΪ漤Ҳѡ˭֪һֻϻһֻèʲôͷʧ
ǰʧδôߵĹעȣʼԭҪΪPKȴô
СӼȻУͱôߵҲûÿˣʲô
ǣû¾ͱ

˷˿ǿЩ۶ʱòСðǼʲôʱߵˣ˼Ҿͷ΢˵Ҫμδ͸ߵˣȺһ뿴֣Ҹ߳òá˵ƪЩһ˵ô
ǣ˷˿Ƿ׷׼ս
˵Щ˹ˣ˰˼ʲôʱߵˣ˼û˵ҪʲôPKȺһԼģòã
ǣǼдͯдˡдƪɢһ²а
ԣдɢľһֶѡбͯPKѹʣ
ҪȺһΪûֿɿˣء

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ʹԭûйעδˣҲ׷װĿͶ
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˻ǲͣôﶼӰ
һΪͯʫĴȤȤȴȤ
˭˵أߡҲȥעһα
ͬȥͬȥ

κ˶û뵽ǣһ籩ʹδĹעһ
ʱҲڴ򿪵Կⳡ籩
۲ݣʲô



һʮ һ
սһʱûʲô
⻹ûͶأڸɶ
֮󣬶ʱЩЦáһжΪͨԿɢƷĲôķ˿Ҳġ
Ⱥһƽʱ٩٩Ƿǳάġ
ֵ½Լ΢Ȼµԣǰοġ
ʲôɢľһ֡ʲôдˮƽѾǳˡȵȡ
ĵͷϰ˱˿ǵ٩ЩοĻЩϰߡоͻȻһ㼦ƤƵġ
һ㼦ƤͻȻһֶ뷨
ٺ٣ȻͶѾһһսЩһеҲǵۣǻһ㡣
ԭЩΪдɢĻдʫͷۡںˣͷˣɢĺʫһȥδҲûй涨һֻͶһƪƷҾͶƪƷˡ
ʵϣЩΪ˱ҲͶƪƷֻûעˡ
뷨ҲԼûͶƷˡǡžžžĽƪƷɵĵ½ʡЭͶոõƪƷͶ˳ȥ
һƪɢģһ׹ʫ
ң֮仹һСʱ

ħĳС
ڵܺáĲƷһϴǺ糱Ҳɸոϴһǰʮ
Ҫ֪ڲŹСʱѡٿʱѾħһλˡ
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ġУôأ
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˵꣬ѡ㿪
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һж˯ѵӣȻſۡɽˣˮˣ̫ˡ
С͵͵ش۵ģ̵ġ԰ҰȥһƬһƬǵġţţ߼ܣ׽Բءĵģġ
㲻ңҲ㣬˻˶𣬷۵ϼ׵ѩ

صޣͷŶµģš
С֦չģЦţš
׳꣬һĸ첲ţǰȥ

²ֻ600֡˺ܾúܾá
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˼ĵͷ

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һ֮ǳԾʵǲ˼Ʒôܻġ
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л̾˺ǷǶ࡯鲻ǵһˣҲһΡؼǿϵôˡֻ鲻ô΢֤ЩƷԼģƺжá
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˳΢߳ӡ
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֣࿴ŵԹЦãðһ˰ҡҡҡЦҡҡҡҡƭңδãһֻҪ꣬ҿССС̬ͣã˵úð
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仰д̫ˣ֣ϲʤףȵȣ仰ƺһСӣ
֣ʱ¡Զİ֮һ֣ϲ˶ʫʡƫ
ҲգǾһ֣ţߵ̨˼
˼У̧ͷյİƯơͻȻһˣ
ǣ֣ҲԼ΢дȥ⣬ƾ档

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ӵãϵܻػĺã⻰˵̫ƯˡЩԽԽ˦õĴ취
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ʵôˣĪԲ
ԪҡҡͷЦȻǣֻѾˡ
һ㶣ˣ˭ô졣
ԪָָԣʾԼ߹ȥÿ֣΢ҡͷ̾Ϣϧˣϧ˰֣ϵٶôô졣
ԪҲһϧ



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ֻдȷ뿴û˻Գ֪˶ʫʺͶƫ
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ֻǹʫѡԥһʫ̫࣬ʺ϶ͯҲ١
ѡ֮ûͽƷͶȥǾͶЩڵڶ׶οЦˣٳٲͶ϶ϲ˲ǹƷͶˡ
ȻˣǺβȫءǵˡ㿴Ƕõˣ
ȥ飬ȴǿʼæµˡ
·ѾӽβͿȫ깤ˡֻǣ깤֮Ҫάһʱ֮ͨͨũׯҪˡ
СҲѾҺˣ150ˡǴӺ͸ġÿÿĹǮ150ԪٷȻǻȸԾ㿪
ûµʱ򣬾ܵ޵Ĺ·ɽȥϹתơ߶ʲôʱͨ󳵡
ͨˡСȴѾͨˡ
ٹĩˡĩӦûοǰˡһЩ׼ǰɡ
ͨʹ峤ԼڵĴڴѾʱһѯ㣬ɴ˲ʱԷο͵ѯ
ڣ򹤵ˣҪڴｨũׯ½ˡ򹤣ǻɡǵġ
ǻشӣȻǳ⡣ԺũׯˣܶطҪ˵ġ
⣬һʥԼɽĵͼӡˢٷݷѯ㣬͸ο͡ʥϴ´ǲСûеͼ·
ɽ͸˵ˣͼϻúɫֱעЩطΣ򣬽ֹοǰ
ͼûӡˢ١Ϊũׯú󣬵ͼҪ»ơ
оǹڻ׼ο棬֮⣬ƵϺ׽֪Щ˼Ļ϶ҲҪһġ
Ҫǰһ׼Ȼ׼Ҳܼ򵥡Ϻļ׵ͺնԼӣо׽֪õĹߡ
ЩȻǽЩܺȥǰ˹οЩʱʲô⣬ЩܺӾҪοͽ⣬ʾ
úãǷءȻǰǲӰҵɡ
ܺȻ˷쳣ˣ˹Ĺпйá붼˷ܡҲΪϣοˡ
ЩܺѾԺԤĳˡ
֡裬ڼҴŰɣҪϰǮȥˡ
裬ϸٺõġ°Ҫԡ
֡裬ǽûǮҽ췢˹ʣȥɡ

Ȼǲ֪ЩСһ뷨Եռʹɵ顣ڿʼɵҲҪʼϰˡ
ɵ֪ϰʲô˼𣿡ʵ
ɵĵ˵ͷ
ţѵõĴɵԴ˵ڿʼʽϰˡڣ㻹û֡ҲֻԳˡʱҪĹصǰɽҪĹݾǣɽЩΣնЩͬࡣǲ˺ɽοͣǵİȫ֪𣿡
ɵĵ˵ͷʾԼˡ۾ﻹ˷ܵĹ⣬ϰ࣬˼ĸоֻŻϰ࣬벻ҴɵҲϰһ졣һҪúù˿ɲЩ
ͷ˵ϰйʡϰȻҲбġҵ̳ϵͳвٱȡʳ衯ζʳԼһЩõĶǾԺĹˡúãȻҲжĽ𡣡
ɵһԵø˷ˡڵҪʳǡʳ衱ɱԼȥ׽ЩζˡС˵̳ϵͳ滹бȡʳ衱ζĶǴѾˡ
ϰðȤ棬ʳáɵ˷ܵҡҰڣ޲Ϳʼ
Դɵıֺ⣬ЦŵúøɣԺΪܡ
˿ռ䡣
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720գ죬ʥӭ˵һο͡
ǵŮСͮʥ˳
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һ磬ͿʡǳˡСʱʱ俪Ҳ10ӡ
ԭЩ·ܻ᲻̫ߣû뵽·ô
ո³һھ͸оһˬ΢紵ͷ㡣
һ˾һѾܾûкЩµĿˡ
û壬һ˾͸оεʥ֮УԱеĸã



һʮ һο
ڵһ֮½½˵ĿյѱοǵСռˡ
Ҷǵһʥ壬ܶСѣǵһũ塣³֮Ƕģһже档
ǶڽԵԾԾԣЩڴʲô顣ʱŵѯ𵽴ˡɴŮɵʱԱǰΪοǷ񡣽еɻ󣬲һŵͼ
ʱҲڴǵһοͣ׼һڴתˡҪ˽һοڴʱĸܡ
һ߽ڣ۴Ǹ߸ߵ͵͵ũҷᡣʯ̳ɵССҰڻ衣
СͮһѸĸǣԼ֡ܵ׷ȥˡһС֮⣬Ҳƾڻﱼܡ
ǿԸܵŮáǰܹŮϸܵ
һ֮󣬵ǼͯĻ漴㿴10ҵСҲܽ׷СһһӾͻˣڻһ׷һߴò֡
ӵļҳҲڵ򸾵վ໥֮ͷʾ⡣
λҲǴӹ𣿡Цʵ
ǰӷˣĩʹӳúһ档
ҲǣӴûмũ壬һ
Ƕڿ̳ϵƬƵ𣿡
ǰƬ̫ˡƵЩǺ˼˵СˣҶһ¡
ǻ˵Ҹоʵ϶ƬϸƯŸս壬ҾѾоˡ
˵ҾǲӦˡӵͼϿӺܴ󡣲ץһʱ䣬ƽ춼תꡣ
ȷӦˡǽͬΣ
д⣡
ǣλҳԼĺӽлһȺ˽ȥ
һ·ϣǴ˻Ǻӣʱʱ֮ᷢӵʵȷƬϻҪƯСšˮҰϪˮͩѡ֪˵ȵȣȵȡһж˳
·½ĴҲĺǴкǵĵʾǳĻӭ
һ·Ⱥ˵ĶҲԽԽӴ൥οͼȺô֣Ҳ׷׼СȻԲͬĵطһ·˵Цͬδһ㡣
ȻҲ뵽Ⱥ֮УοǵĹϵҲˡοҲ֪ǴӵĶЩƬƵϴġ
ʱѾˣߵȺǰ˵
λλһ飬˵һ˵ѾˣҿǸԶĳʳھȥϪˮ͡أǾϪˮһƵез͵ϺڴӵɫԼİɽ´档һʱҲ治ꡣô
ãϰİš
ãƵеĻҿһֱء
֪ݣҲϷΪϰ塱ϰţȻǺȻӦá
ǣһȺ˺ƺƵϪˮȥ
ϪˮٴΪϪˮϪˮ峺пѡһп֮ѡ˵ط¡ӱóʳʼ͡
ڸɾĲݵϣĴ㣬Ϫˮˮ̧ͷܸܿߴڣϵĶơ߻ʱʱֻ
˶һֲʵĸоͷ·Դһ㡣˶۾бڲݵϡȴһзգõʱ⡣
˳Եòˣ뿪ȥռժһЩˮŴ˵
λλΪûдôңҸеǳıǸһЩԼֵˮζһЩرŴҿ϶ûгԹҾЩˮˡ
ϰ뵽̫ܵˡҾͲˡ
еڿʣҲˡ
˷׷׵л˶߹ѡԼϲԵˮȥҲЩ˱ʾѾԱˣʱˮ
ܿ죬ЩʾˮˣǷǳԾĿЩ˳ˮʱı顣
ѣʲô飿ˮܺóԣһʵ
Ա߳ˮ˲ŵĵɴ۾˵ǣǺܺóԡ򣬼ֱ̫óˡ޷ָоҵȥһ˵꣬Ƕˮȥ
ոˮ˻õڶΡոûˮҲһǰһˮתۼ䱻һա
źЦϵˡ
ϰ壬ЩˮֵģҲ̫ó˰ɡֱϵɹ
ϰ壬ˮ㻹ûУ
ԣϰ塣Ҫˮ
˶ǲ˼飬һԹôóԵˮʥδҲ̫˰ɡɫҲͰˣˮϵɹʥ֮бо
ֺǺǵ˵ˮȷԼֵġֻڲ࣬ʱҲż֮ҵũׯҪˡũׯú󣬾ͻֲˮˡʱӭǰ桢򡣡
˺ȻӦá
ʱСѾͷСȴܺҲȻڴܺӡϸһüһıϴλࡣ
ˣ˵λǳԺˣϢҲϢˡǾͿʼĻˡ



һʮ οͱз
ûҪʼˣ׷¶ڴɫСǸǻȸԾ
ҲһȺܺӵĵ
ܿ죬˾ܺӵзϤס
ףǾƵеЩССŮ̫ɰˡ
ţǡ㿴Сӡ
ѣ˶ܺӵпϤסʱȤ׷׹ȥܺǣͬ汦һ㡣
СǸ˷֣ܵΧܺǴת
磬硣зòã
㣬㡣׽֪ˣҺòã
ܺǾʱʱľ֮Ҳĺ濪ˡСԾˡˣǸ׷ŵÿ
Ǳϳߺͽۺϡ˿˾ΪȤ
°ŵľз
ſվϪˮߣСһٶˣ濴ȥΪ׳ۡˣԶ½кŵο
ڸ·Ĵ񣬼ô֣Ҳ׷Χ˹
ЩϢĴҲ½½߸ѾܾûֹˣȻϣֵĻᡣ
ԾԾԵ΢΢һЦָָܺӣ˵СǼȥʾ
Сȼܺ˷ܵӦһ׷µˮµˮһϰ΢ЦĿǣܶ˻¶һ˿ɫܺ˲͸еЩš
Ҳ뵽ѡĶ׷ſļӡҲûʧھݵĽ֮ҲſˣˮΪʾ
ܺˮڰ߽⡣ο͵УСǹȻǵһο龰ЩڳﳤĴҲǵһôֱ۵Ŀзֻũ˶ЩŲİ
Ǵʱȴ˸ӸпǧŹСȺӣǷ׷׻СʱũʱҲһȺһںˮϷˣ
һתۣѾΪ˸ĸҲᵽ˳涨ӡйȻгеĺãҲʧȥԭʼĿ֡
ܿ죬СܺƷ˼ʯͷ֮󣬶ӻˮзǰзϣչʾϵ˿Цúǿġ
ϵ˷׷׷֮̾СӸֽǰֻڳ￴ʵзĳ̾µˮһֻзЩԥ£׷Լĸĸһı飬ɰˡ
ЩũοͣʱȴǷ׷µˮЦҲũзСʱǾɣֻѾܾûˡζһСʱĸоңҹ۲죬ﻷôãˮ϶дһġһһ
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ˮο˽кãҲ׷ϵ˻ʾ⡣оͬڲμӱѡһ㣬ǵðϵһЦ
ʱ򣬰ΧҲԽԽˡοҲд
֪˵ĽкãˮＸο͵áûö೤ʱ䣬ǻ涼˴һ
ϰ󶼰Ĵзչʾ˿˿˾Ǿ治ѡʹǶЩ⣬Щзг˵ȭͷСϪˮǱȽټġȻһӱüֻСҲһ漣ˡ
ȷһӣϲ̵뵽
зļοҲǾϲĪǵȷµдзû뵽Ȼô󣬻ԼƻԼⱲзˡɵôȥȥú
Ҹոзʱǻüֻ¼񡣿˵ǰз̶¼̫ˡ
ǵз˭󣿡һο˵
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ֻзĴС࣬˾ϸԱ֮ѡһֻз
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Ŀ֣ӵĿһ
ֵܣз򡣡һοͻȻ˵
ԣԡֵܣҲ򡣡ЩοҲӦ׷׳Ҫ⼸ֻз󣬹ؼǻر塣
Բ˰ѡзҵԼȥšҪĻԼȥȻôģչԼĲǡзοЦžܾ
ЩοЩźܿ۾һ԰ʲôûҲȥһֻ
ô˵öԣǿԼȥʲôôģȥһֻһο˵
ǣȥǵĸзһοҲ˵
һ֣ȤҲн˾
ʮοµˮҲ׼ֻз
Ϲͣ
ְ֣ͣ
ڰΪˮοǾ˾˫ۣƺչʾԼ
ȻһЦ



һʮ תսϺ
ˮһο͹ȻˮСӣ֪Ǻпǵһˮз
ָһǲˡⲻҪҪܹʱȴеķգƬⵥԭʼĿ֡
ڰ˺ʹĹľ֮£ˮеοͽҵһЩоҲʼģ
ˡһο;ոзŰߵӺͺչʾСС˵㣬չһֻзǡ
ְֺۣùҪָ˵غӿĿҲ顣ΧĴȻҲϧк
οͰзԼĺӣһ˫֣ˮȥˡȻǻûոҵһ㾭飬׼һֻ
ʱˮοҲ½½зȻûдһȴ¸߰
ЩûдˮοʹʱҲЩˡЩźοͣǿԼĺӿ˼ҺĽ񡣶ʱѪӿӣĽ˼ҡϰҲȥֻ
ǣһοµˮзȥˡкӵİְֶȥˣûкӵҲȥ˲١
ڣһϪˮѾзοռˡοͶ࣬Ϫˮз࣬ൽ֮
˵οзˮƽôܶ˻ǵһзҲʱʱͻοз
ˮϵĻϣò֡
ҲȺΪͣĳͽϣġЩûˮοͻ϶ֻϣ¼ƵƬ
ǻȥ֮󣬶Ȼ˰ЩƬƵϴϡЩοƬƵɱЩӾЧҲ˵
ʥȻҲһ󣬳ΪһξҲδ֪
Сʱ֮Ѿˡ˵鲻ûмˣҵơ
ڵϪˮѾֻοˣһЩСҲڰְֵĴ£ˮòֺӴһŮοҲȥ˲١
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ٸ֮࣬򵥣Ҫж١
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Цźʹʾһż˵֪ܻû湻ǻһȤĻҪô顣ƵĵϺأϣﶼϰǵϺȥˡз´ôôòã
ãϰİš
˺ȻӦǡ˼ĻɲֻзĻء
ҶϰˡһӣһȺŵϺĵصһȺ˱֮ղֶ˲١ҲøˡȺзϰ裬Ȼүȼλүү˼ҡ
˼ȻСˣһ۲·磬δؾͻ϶١⻹öʥȻô˵״ձܺá
ټˣȥһЩÿռȪˮֲ߲ˮǵ֮ǰǺ˲١ŻҲƵˡȺ֮п֣ĸߡ
εϺĵصȻ֧ƹǵϺĵص㡣
֧ߣˮɱϪˮˮҪöˡοҪעⰲȫȻ˲СˮҲûйϵʥĴЩܺӣˮˮԹ򼫺á׵Ľˮο;ϰ
ȿſڷڰߵĵͣ飬ٸ֮ࡣҶƵȻ֪Ϻġ
Ϊ֪ҲŸ͡׷ϵĵϸǿɴûм˼ªĵ͡һƬһ֦һͷ˩һϸϸ߾ˡ
һʱ˵Ц۷׷ס
ϺзҪһЩͼɡ˶Բ룬ҲҪʲôɡֻҪնϵڵߵһͷˮһӾ¶
Ϻˣѵñֱһ㣬ͻᱻֱ˭óϺˡ
ֻǽϺʱҪһ㼼ɡղãϺڱˮһɲǣɿǯסնĴǯӣˮ
ǣһСߣϺѵĸʾͷǳСˡС߾Ϊ׼ӡ
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ϺϹʱȰˮСһͣһӡϺҪˮʱ򣬽ѸٵϺƹȥСϺôҲѲˡ
Ϊ׼նȻϣϪˮﶼУҶúܡ
õʱֻʯͷϿ飬ȡͿˡ
ܺǵİ£οеĵͶϵնŮͺӸһͣ
նϵú󣬴ҶȲĽ˦ˮСȻڴĵԼҪĵһֻϺ



һʮ ڶ׶αͶ
֧ϰͬʱΪ׳ۡ
ӣϺˡ
ۣôϺְ֣쿴ҵġ
ְ֣
ڶοһ󣬶ͣϰϵ޷졣һҲڡ
ӣ׳۰˺ƺǴ峤
ȥȥȻ峤վԼЦǺǵĿԼ
壬˰æ˵
Цһˡû뵽Щο;ȻзϺЩôȤ
˵󣬻Щ˼ҡҡͷ
Ц壬Щͺ˼˵ǻûнӴЩǴܺǻ춼棬ҲȻòֺ𣿡
ͷôοͣǳ;ϲôҲ벻ֻ˼Ƭ¼˼Ƶôο͡Ҳѹ˼ôǮˣؼӻת
ӵοͶˣȻֻôӱóô򵥡οȻѣοԽ࣬ҲԽࡣο͵ˣǴӵľ÷չˡ
ڣʥѾĹעھͻƣǱضᱻӡʱ峤ȻҲܵıá˵лȥְء
˵⼸죬Ǹĺá˭Цеȴк
˿ȴû˼ȥ²Щʲô˿ʱ䣬ѾˡбҪһοҪעʱ䡣
ڣũׯûʥ廹ûоƵꡢũֵʩοҹסޡοҪôؼңҪôֻܵϻسǵùݹҹ
οǾѺŷ֣ʱѾˣȷӦûؼȥˡδķеĵͣԼսƷȥ
·ϣ˵ЦԼĸܡ֮䣬˶Խʥ֮и⡣еӻҪΪҪǣʥ廹طûȥѾôˡ
ĵطأƵİɽοǳڴ
һҲȺССֱַͮŰ֣ߴߴ˵ͣκ˶Ըܵ˿еϲáʱңԼ쿴ƬƵԼ
һ졣Ժǿ϶ʥĳˡ
˵ڣϸԵС˵ŵĻԼ´һ󣬸Կ뿪ˡ
˿ˣҲصϰǰͻˡ
ӣǴӺܾöûˡԺ󻹻ô˹ˣ𣿡ʵ
ЦȻˡ˻ԽԽࡣ
ͺáոջ·ϣҶڿ㣬˵Щ˶ġҾԺûˣͰװ˴ҵĿ佱ˡ˵͵׼ȥˡ
ЦЦҲصԼķ䡣Ѿ20ˣǵڶ׶ͶֹˡƷҲͶȥˡ

ħĳסС
úġǰġҡ졣ԼжϴˣƪƷԼдġ
ɵڡ˶ûͶƷʹڷҲӼԼжϡ
˹Ȼҵǹ֡Ҿ˵һţҲڸôͻԼóȡóɾͣѾǳˡ
ھͶֹһʱ䣬شʱڽͷöɡֻдƪȡ͡ӡٵƷ֤Լûǹ֡
鲻ùдġ⼸첻˯ڤ˼룬Ҳд죬òԼƷͶȥʱƪƷǰƪ̫ࡣǶ˾Ͷˡ
ɲԹңֻԼȡ˵úõͯдҪϹʲô֡ҲͰˣҲҪԼƷңҲʲô˵顣ͬͯҲһΪɶǷŲأ
˾úЦǣҪǹ־ǹǵҪͬʱƪǹƷӱװˣԼ׽ȥ˰ɡ
ҡҡͷΪɶ᷸Ĵ׶Σһ׶Ͷһƪ˵ܹɻأδĹھ
ϧ̫ͷŪڹھûˣǹֵҲعˡһһ۵㡣ʧܰ

ħഺͯ־硣
ֺҲһǳˬ
˵СӦһܴ˲ŶԣΪɶλôԸΪΪɶǿ͸أֺ˵꣬ҡҡͷһΪϧӡ
ӿڵҲ˭ŵأһʱͿգҲǿġ
ֵֺǰ⡣СΪҪҡⲻҪӻ仰صȷԼ棬ɵȴǳЦ嶯̫嶯ˡ
һ˵黳ƺǰ칥¼ǲ߻һ
糤ǸϴƷˡʱŽ˵
ŶϴˣҲϴˣֹʱϾҪˡǱΣҲȨҪֺ˵ͷƺΪοӡ
ţϴ˾ͺáɼΣֵÿ϶ġҪһһ°ɡҲ˵



һʮ 
½Эڶ׶εıɻЭ֡ѡͶȻҲҪͶ嵽Эˡ
Ϣʾڣ˹ȻƪµͶƷעϢΪ
һƪɢĺһ׹ʫСӻǲġֺҡͷ
ޡģͨİʲôġСԱˣһЦ
ϷϽ㿪͡˵һƪءֺĻзζǳԡ
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Э᳤üʵС֣ûϴƷ𣿡
ۿͶֹھҪˣҲЩڴܹٴƪء
ǰ죬ڵ֪͡ӡǸͯʱҲǷǳĳԾҲɻΪᣬɢĺʫȴô衣
ɻɻ󣬶ǰ쳴úȵġǹ֡¼ȴǲšһֱƪƷ˵ġ
Żڶ׶εƷڴֻǵʱûͶƷﲻЩüѵģԼֱǴģ
ԣҡҡͷԼֱҲڻûϴǻûҵаɣ뵽ϾһƪƷҪеġ
ȻʱͻȻ˵᳤Ʒˡ
ˣ۾һһɣæϵҳˢһ¡ȻƪƷ
ޡҲ΢΢һüȻҲΪʲôġڴĿȥ
ʵڲƽģ
߼ʵĸԭϱۣҰģǻ̴۵һձӡƵδѵĴŮʮǰΰȻѻɹĻԭǣ̵أսʤȻĳɹ
նͷŵüͷ˲չһƽ̹ɫ޵ĸԭͼ̲ס˫ۣʫֵС
һƪڡ֮µɢġﾪϲĪһһ¶°ƪ¶ˡ
ͷ紵ͣһһֵ̲ʱ֡ˡżãȷǾԵľ
ˡõʵ̫ˣ̲ס޵
Ժвֳһ棺ԭɫعһ紵е縡ɫĲһһԶ
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׳Ļôᵥأȴüͷ
˲׳Ļӿͷһֱڶļȴ仰˲ƻ
Ϊʲô벻סѵվ̫ᣬޣԦ˺ˣ̫ϧˡôĿͷȴҪβ
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ȻɲǼ䣬Ҫ̧ۿǰԶԶһšֻ꣬һ꣬ȻڱƵľĻ˯ֽΣʱǾؽһġ
ǾǰͨһȻʵڲƽһ
һתۣ鼤ɲǼ䡱̧ۡˣ
̧ۡʱҲƵ͵̧Ͽȥͷ·ҲˡðɡûпֻŮ飬һ˫۾
һĿջءֳܿ⾪ת۴֮Сǰǲ׳ĻдȻֻΪĳ̵档
дν󵨣ԱҪҲǷǳߡ˻Ǹд
ȻǰһжΪ̵棬İֻһʲôƺоʲôҪˡ
εһֱĸɣֱ֦ĸأͨɰѸߣǼ˹Ƶģһھ֦еѾ֦أһϣҽ£ҲǼ˹ƵģΪһ޺бݳڱķѩѹȴžǿͦһֻϸգȴŬϷչߵɣ۲ӣԿ硣
ǰͨһȻƽ
̲סٴλ̾һοƼȴѰΡɫʡԸдüΪ
Ȼһͨƽ
˼̡֮һƪɢġ򵥰
ʱֻ˵ĸп


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ħഺͯ硣
ޡ㿪µ˵Ƕһ£ǴҪгĵλ
ֺһͬ˵Ϸ˵úܶԡǾͲˣˡ
һЦʼУ߼ʵĸԭϱۣҰģǻ̴۵һձӡ
ɻû䣬ԭмЦͻȻʧȡ֮һֲšֲ켫飬˲ɽ棬ȥΪȤ
ֺǰ䣬ҲһоĴ򿪷ʽԼеӡ첽ߵǰҪԿһ˿̵ǳϣˣȥˡ
ʵȴעʧƪǡޡڶ׶εĲƷ
Ĭİ¿꣬ŶԷ𾪵飬Ĭ˭Ҳû˵
ֺĬĬĻصԼ糤λ£˫ָڸϣбαϡþû˵ҲûʲôĶڴʱЩʲôû֪ˡ

ͬʱħĳסС
ڵǰЩ㱣ܣܣһ˲ôȫġΪʲôΪʲô
磬磡˵ĻǸˡƺЩԣæһ˺ü͵ľѹ
ѹǲʺͿɬҲһ˿¡
ʱ޷ڶ׶εƷô㣬֮һ׶й֮˵͡ӡǳ֮ˣ
岻Ըţʵʵ֤ţͬʱóִֻĲԸŰˡ
֪Ѿħʹո˻֮СѾ˾ѣħδȥ
Ҳ֪Ҫħȥһ޴

ٳûнڶ׶εƷϴҲ۷׷סż֮ź̾Ϣֻ֮֮мЦ֮
ƷôûгǼˡ
ҪţⲻһʱдףҪ
дȷףǹװǵҲȥǹְ
ǣҲǵһˡαԼԴأ
Ҫԭα¶ˡϴǾ䡮ҡǻҼ춼˵
ɲǣҲסˡڿסǼ죬ԼȴҪһӡǺαء
Щ˰ôΣΪɶͲȡһѵأⲻһʱϴƷӾ͹ˣǾͲһҲ
Уȷһʱ䣬ɶʱ˻ûϴǾ֤Ʒͻû׼ãѾ׼ˣȴǲԼ˼ϴôʱ䶼УһʱдʲôƷ죬ҪôȨҪôȲѰƷϴܴ˭ҿԼŶԡ
ˣѾѹˡǻҪԼȥǾûа취ˡ


ǣʫЭܲ
ڶϴⲻǵθСӾǹġס˵
ԪЦ˭ôءСϵڻϴֻֻ̲סҪˡҲǸЩһССĽѵɡҹӦϾͻϴˡ
ҲЦõͷͷǵǲ֪һ仰鲻顣ˢһҳ
˵꣬ˢһҳ¶Ź֮ɫĵ汻С˵׼ˡУܸȻС֪ԼĻô飬ĵ⵽ȥԼ͵͵ͺˡ
ţײɫĹʫƷ㿪ʫˣȻҪȿʫˡ
ɻġסһʫƺȽͨܿ죬̲סİоСӵġ
ԪİһһէģʼЩ벻ף˵ϰףڸأܿ׹ף̫ˣȻһԼȿˡ
Ԫ˵꣬ҲȰ׻ػȲİԼԵҳҲˢһ¡ȻѾϴƷ
СӣˡԪţҲ㿪˹ʫ
ӽ졷
죬죬죬衣
ëˮƲ岨
ԪСʫꡣҲȡסһŹЦСӵġ
İʱЦѧ˵ɲ̫ðҲʫˣ
Ԫһոһûأ㵹˵ˡСʫȷ˽о
׵ͷ޵ǰͨϸİҪǣ̫ʺСѧϰˡʺ϶ͯʫ
ӽ졷ǰĽ֮һСʱƷ
ǧСʫûʲô̵˼ںϣȴһ
СʫУСԼĽǶȡԼ̬ȥ͹۲졣˵ַѶĽ˵ڳ衣ͬʱҲɫʵĶԱȣҲ֣ķḻȫ档ëˮơ岨ӳ
׾족֣Сʫ˶Զϲ֮顣족֣ΪСʫҲΪСʫ˿ˮϷʮϲ˵졢졢족
ξ䡰衱де̬ݶ߸̬֮ʮȷСĸ߸뼦ͬ߸衣
ľдˮϷ龰ëˮƲ岨ر˶ˮϷ̬ëơˮȼɫ޵ĴӾ󡣶ëƣˮ̲֮ϣ»ӳģһġ׶ˮͼ



һʮ ʦ
壬30꣬һСѧĽʦҲӵĸס
죬ѧУһʦ칫⼸ʦֽ̽ѧĵá
ѧУѾżˣʦżҲصѧУ໥һ
ոʦ˵ʫ⣬Ҳ˵䡣ڣʫֻϵĿαϲС˵Ϊξûʺߡ꣬СһĺӵĹʫأ
ȷûС˵ʫ緱ǣв١ʺٶȴ࣬ĻûС
ţλʦ˵Ķԡʵע⵽ˡԲŻÿٵʱ򣬾ٰһڡͯʫĴϣЩʫ˻ʫʰߣܹһЩʺٶĹʫ
ֻǿϧÿȻʫĹʫ̫١˵ʺٶʫˡ
ٶʫȷѴ˵ЩѡֶΪʫʰߣסԪִʫˣҲûٶʫ𣿡
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Ŷ˵ɡסӡȷ䣬ֻǿϧɲ̫ʺٶңϲ˵ǹд𣿡
ϵ۶ѣҲ룬дʫǹô׾ҵõ˵дʫֻǹ֣
ʦеҲǿɶͯʵߣͨƷΪˡ
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ѧǺӣҪһЩٶʫʫɽ
ոʦᵽһߵǰ򿪻ЭĹٷվҪһƷϴûС
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ŶĲƷѾϴˣɵúúÿ
죬죬죬衣
ëˮƲ岨
һλʦ̲ס˳֮λʦһ㶣ʶʵոҶһ׹ʫôо񰡡
ȻʱʦȴûǼͬ˵˼á֡
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ְֲּ׻ļ򵥣һζʮļ򵥡
Ҿ֪оϲġȻûʧ
ǰʫ»죬Ͽڣ׼ǡֱ̫ʺٶˣܿʫǵȵپãֵõġ
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ԺСи˰ϣٴһЩĹʫ
˵ʫᱻĿα𣿡
ǿ϶ôٶʫȥң


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ѡޡ͡ӽ졷ϴЭ󣬾͹صҳϴҵ۲⣬Ҳûȥ
ϣϴƷǰһЩʲôۣҲµˡҲȥˡ
½΢˿˵һбҪġɵ½΢ʱ򣬷ƺѾûбҪˡ
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⻹˵ǹġ˻ءоˬӡ´

ŷ˿ǵԣݸǹ𣿵Ȼǹˡ
׼ѡԻظһµʱ򣬵绰ͻȻϢ΢΢Щ⡣
ԸҴ绰Щܳ
СӻǵҰ绰ͷɵЦСӿǳ˴ͷ˰
ͱˡæ˸Ҵ绰ʲô¶
Ҳûʲô¡Ǹ˵һ721գǵġɴ桷Ҫײˡ
Ǻ¶˿춼ء
⻹ǵöʡˣʡ²پءܿ˵ˣҪһ
ɣҵſж󡣶ˣףǵġɴ桷쮺졣
СӵǲɣǾףǵġɴ桷쮺졣

721գǲˡɴ桷ϰ˵ĻƽʱοʱҲǸӣĴƴƴ۵һʱΡ
꣬ΪڵƽʱεʣνǸСЧôܿͻˡ
죬׼ڴϷҪ׷ࡣһʵɱսݡ

ĳסС
һ20Լ֣ݺݵĴԼһơִһơ
ּּȻȥҲʵǿɶôõƷƫƫҪȵʱŷǿɶ񣡡
ĬĬʱҲһԺҪԶһЩй˵Ļȥ
ͬʱȫ˶źһĶ;
ܲãܹܶãǾͲö֪ˡ
ȻҲЩα󡣲ûȡѵԹǾһĹ۾ʱضڶĶлܹѽĴȥ
ǻͲˣ˴δζӮ



һʮ ɴ桷
722գ졣
һ磬ʥ½СռˡԱˡ
һοͻصкܶ˶Լ㵽ƵƬϴ̳ǿ˾ǴԴ׷״ʥľλáҪԼԹһ
οͱҲͲˡ
οǵ·Ҳͬһοͣ׼ȥɽ档ȻǶĻƵİɽͬǡһԥջѡδ֪İɽ
ЩһιοȻѡڴ档ϿзϺȻһϡȻҪһ
ǵһģοϰɽҲһɽһԼľʾûʲô©
˵㣬οڰɽڴϡοĺšϰ塱ҲֺǺǵĺ˴к
һοʹһңסҲڴĽ£֪ĶȻһѡ
һҲȺСسһùϢģһֿ˹ͺһЩοԼˣȥصİɽ
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˵Цʯ·ɽһ·ϣɽĸʱʱͻο͵ľ׷פͣ
Ҫʱ򣬴ֱϵ300ҡΪΣٶȡ˵ɽǰɽˡͱɽˡ
⵹һ⣬ǾοҪһ֮ڣӰɽŵɽٴɽµɽšƺǲܡ
һο͵ٶԺοٶȹҲ˶١
ѵҪɽɽ޽ο޵ĳǴ󹤳̰
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ţũׯԺ
ʱοѡһطʼ͡ʱοǷ׷ѯڵʲôλˣɽжԶ
εĸǣڽֻ뿪ɽšԼں300׵λãɽ̫Զ
ο֪ǵɽˣЩźܿһϲ300׸߶ȵľɫˡʣµ1000ֻ
Թͺ󣬴źλõߣɫҲǸͬɫͬһȴͬġ
οһӿɽٶȣȥһľɫʲôӵġһֶԵǰľɫֹòפͣ
ì£3ʱοǵﺣδԼ500׵һٲѾӽɽ֮һĸ߶ˡ
ˮӼʮ׸ߵһ¼й£齦סʯϣ׸ߵˮڵˮһֳʪ£οϡ
һˬĸо˲οǵͷο̰ˬĸоͣ˰Сʱ֮á
˿ʱ䣬Ѿ3롣òοɽˡ
ϰ壬ɽľɫɱĵЩƬˡյļд߰
ǰϰ塣㿴ҽȥĵЩƬȥԱЩЧá
ϰ壬Ҫϰɽһʱƺ

˵Цһ·ɽûеɽȻЩźҲ˶Ժ澰ɫڴ
5˵ɽšڴʥ壬ȥЩڴοǣʱҲ½ˡǵͱ鲻ѿǶڽʥ֮зǳ⡣
οͣҪҵʱ򣬷СѾͷԼҵԺ濴ժˡ
Ѿͷأ߹ȥʵ
СѾͷŤͷ˵磬ˡҽҪ￴ӡ
ʲôӣﲻҿ
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ȻöˡСѾͷƲͷȥ˵ժƹϣƹϡ
ѾͷҪӣ⻹Ҫ䷹ءһЦתԺȥ
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һһִЩСһﻹĿöʵҲ֤ȺСһȷǿˡ
ţǵȷǿˡ
ʱȫҲڵӻǰѵӻӡѪڵĸ
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ڴѾõġɴ桷ڿ



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ڶ죬ʹɴ桷3.57%ʣѹӵĵӾ磬ڻƽʱεһλ
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òùھô⡣ֻҪⲿԵ𡶾ұ׸Ϳˡ
ǰǺġҲͷ
죬⡣ʥȻο͵ֻǱ΢һЩ
οͣ˵ǴܺǡϪˮ֧ȴӵĸطοҪʱ򣬱ǰæٲȻ˴ĵκͽ
ԴˣʹĴҲֵʱʱһЩʹúһɾʮ㣬ֻοûࡣ
723գ˵һҪ顣ǾǻЭὫڽ㣬ꡰͯʫĴڶ׶αƷ
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˵ھûˣڶҲûʲô顣Ҳֻһ£˭ƷõһЩû
͹ˣ²һ£²һµƷһƪ
µɶ˼˭˭ɡ
ǰھǰδؾǼ°
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⣬ʲô⣿кĻࡣ
ĻǲܵģһƷпѡСѧĿαйҽŵ˶ء


㣬Э׼ʱյûʲô⣬ġޡڵһӽ졷ڵڶƷڵ
һڴҵԤϵУڻЭѽԺ󣬲ûʲô̫Ĳ
˿ķӦձ鶼ǣţȻ綼µˣһоûУû
ķ˿ǵúõףһһ仰ʹͷ
Ļ˵ģһССġͯʫĴѣ˹ھһֵص顣Ժڴ˹ھز١
˿һپе̶ֳȵı˵Ǿһ棬ȷֵء
Ȼû뵽ǣջǳ˴۵Ľ㡣
ڻЭյ󲻾ãҽһذϢ
ҽоΡͯʫĴƪƷСѧĿαƪƷֱǣӡޡԼӽ졷
Ϣһͬԭƽˮ涪һذը˲ը˻
ΪƪƷͬʱĿαдûгֹǹھƷпܱαע⣬пܡ
ʵϣӵһٰܹ˶ʮ죬ҲֻƪƷ˿αһƪ
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ҵҲ̫˰ɡЩҪô
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ҹơӽ졷ܻᱻ뵽꼶꼶Ŀαֻǹѧڻûô졣
ȷ⡣ƪƷȷѡʸ񡣡

δеƪƷȫСѧĿαǲҲˡ
ħĳסС
忴ϢһѪôܣôأ
岻ԸţΪͯʫĵרߣȫΧҲвСһΪܹһƪƷαŬ
أһˡȻôɵľƪƷѡ
벻ףҲԸȥסȥףôħͻԽԽ⡣һ޴羢
Ҫȥס
ħഺͯ硣
飡ֺԼǲԱˤĵڼˡ
룬ԼȤζͯսǶô޴ͿЦڻ֪ôЦഺͯء
ǸɶСӡսʤܣһ˲ܲսʤֺսʤȻڶͯѧǸСûǾֻͨˡ
ֺڵȣһԸĻᡣţƾԼ־ϵҵġ
ǡ
֣ҡͷ̾ǸСӣ
ԪӶЦ⻹ֻǿʼ
ʡǡ
ȨлǵĺŲ裬¶ɶôСֵġ
̾ԺСӴùϵɡһ뿴СԸ
ɬһЦǸСӣ
Ѿص飬ʥķֳЦ⡭



һʮ Ȥζѧ
ϣҲƷĿαһ£˱
Ȼֻ˵һ仰Ҳùķ˿˷ܰˡ
ţư̶ʱ
Ȼͬһ˺ðɡΪɶĶôͣ
ػ˰ɣ
ǿ϶ģϴǼұǿɶ񡣡

Ҳûʲô̫ĸо⼸ƪƷǰʱĿα类࣬顣
Ȼķ˿ȴ룬ôǰֵףƪƷĿαִӦף˰ɡ
ǣ˿Ƿ׷΢ŶԣʲôʾԴף顣
˿飬Ҳþܾܸʲôʾأÿ˷ܣ˿ҪҲ
˿ҪǻúõһҪôأ°ͣٵ˼š
ͻȻ뵽Ŀǰǳܻӭġʽܡ۾һȻôϲ̽ưǰ˼ĿÿһȺһ
⣬΢дȻô飬ǾһϷɡҳĿش𡣵һشȷ𰸵˻нŶ
΢ոշԾʮˣһڲϵС
Ȥô졣
ãã˼
ؼǳʲôĿҪ˼ĿС
ԣԡʲô֮ѧ⣬Ƕû˼

ȺһҪͦࡣЦȺһˣɱԼ̲룬˵һĿ
ҵǳ߰ǾͿʼˣһ򵥵пھ7ֻţӾ3ף׹2סʣţܴӾ
ĿһϾлظˡ
̫ˡҶӶܴ7졣ʲôĿܲܺúóⰡ
ۿ¥ô졣7죬׶԰Ŀ
ǰһһףǿ϶7찡˲ڶɡһǿɶ񰡡

⣬Ĵ𰸶7졣ﰵЦָһ΢
ҵĴٶȶǳ찡ϧȻûһ˴ԡ׶԰Ŀ˵ʲôءˣȥҸǸ5Сһɣܴܲԡ
˿ɶ񰡡7ôܻ᲻ء
ǣҿ˾ǹǵġ
ˣҲҪٶˡ𰸺治7졣
7죿ܰǼ죿
ǰֽϻ֪ǼˡȻˡ˰
𰸻᲻һԣ۲ݣ𰸾Ȼ5졣
5죿ǰɣȥԡ
ʱ򣬷˿Ǳķ֡˼򵥵⣬Ĵˡ
ȻĴˡݽ
Ȼˡ˼ѽôģ
ȷ˼ٺ٣ҵðȥһˣǻɻԼ̡
⣬ҵľˣȻٳˡ

ʵǳļ򵥣ֻҪڱһ𰸾ͳˡֻǴҶԼĵһжݽС
ȷ𰸳ˣҲų˵ڶĿҲĸߡȺͷ˿ǽ˸飬˳˿һõ¶
ոյֻȻҶҵˣ⡣ʦЬģһ˫Ь30˦20˿Ьһ50ԪġʦûǮھӻ50ºھӷ50Ǽٵģʦھ50ʣʦһ˶Ǯ
ǳ˼жִ𰸳֡ңֲͬ𰸵˶ΪԼĴȷģΪԷĴ𰸳ࡣ
ѾԤ΢ʱڹƲƽˡ˿Ϊȷһˡ
ٺٵЦѾ˿ֵ׼
Ҳ򵥡ʦЬӽ30ԪҸ˿͵30Ԫھ50Ԫʦһ30+30+50110Ԫ
¥ϲԡʦ3020Ϳ10ԪټҸ˿͵30Ԫھӵ50ԪӦÿ10+30+5090Ԫ
ԣԣǵĴ𰸶ԡʦЬ30ԪҸ˿30ԪӦõõ20ԪһӦÿ80ԪŶԡ
ǶˡʦǮʵ֧Ǯɱ30ԪҸ˿͵30Ԫܹ60Ԫ
ôоӦÿ70ԪǮ
Ҹо40ԪǮŶԡѽʲôⰡôô𰸡
ҲˣҵĴ90ԪǮԵȷġ
ȥ60ԪǮȷġ
110ԪǮ

ʵûʧ˿ԼΪȷ΢ϳòɿҲֵÿ֡
ʵҲ򵥡ҪǱʦھӽ50ԪǮˡʵʦ50ԪǮھӻ50ԪǮ50ԪǮ50ԪǮʦھʵǲǮЬӵĳɱǮҸ˿͵Ǯ
Ҳ⣬˿͵õǮʦǮ˿͵ĵõǮЬ30ԪʦҸ30Ԫܹ60Ԫ
ԣ60ԪĴȷġ
Ĳˣ΢ϹȷĴ𰸣ҷԭ
ô60ȷİɡЩ˻죬ǵġ
ȷ60Ԫһܼ򵥰ΪɶʼΪ90Ԫ
ؼǮ˰
Щ̫˼ˡû⣿
ǣҵˡ



һʮ һԪǮȥ
Ȼ˰ⶼˣҵƺˡ
ԸоԽԽķ˿뵽۵СȻˣǽٳһɡ
ѵÿǣǽٳһ⡣ҿҪˡ3ȥͶޣһ30Ԫÿ10Ԫչ30Ԫϰ塣ϰ˵ŻֻҪ25Ԫ͹ˣó5Ԫ÷˻ǡ͵͵2ԪȻ󣬰ʣµ3ԪǮָˣÿ˷ֵ1Ԫһʼÿ10Ԫܹ30Ԫ˻1ԪҲÿֻ9ԪǮ3ÿ9Ԫ3X927Ԫ+2Ԫ29ԪʣһԪǮȥ
ΪȤ˵ǳǰһϣ޴ķ졣
ȺһΪͷȥɡٺЦּһ仰
ҲҪż롣һֱûд𰸣ôҾϵʱ򹫲𰸡
һ΢˲Ͱżм˿п֮⣬ûˡ
ȻҶΪԴء
ҰЩ⣬סȺһ˰ɡ
Ȼ֪ǣ˿ü˼ˣԶԶֹո΢ϲ뻥Щˡ

ʡǡ
Ȩڴ绰лһԪǮȥأ
ʱûף롣Ȼ˼Ҳϵó
ӨҲڴ绰˵飬ǼɶԴĿó
ҴˣǲǣһԪǮȥ֡
ǡ
֣ǺЦȤȤ
ϼһʵ֪һԪǮȥˣ˵˵
֣ȴΪصЦһԪǮҲûȥ
ϼֹ֪Ͳ֪ҲûȥһԪǮ
֣ϰֹЦЦҲֻ͡ǸȤСӡСӲǰһƪܡƺȤ˲ٰ
ԪͰҲԼļֹһԪǮȥأдʫǵǿƵѧ⣬ƺͲ̫óˡ
ʱƣһЩˡиȴ벻סò߶šһԪǮȥ˯
ò˵һ⺦û˯á

724ա
ƪƷĿα󡣽죬ýҲ˱
ΡͯʫĴϵƪƷȫСѧĿα
ƪƷͬʱ࣬ʷ
ӽ졷ٶĸ
ƪƷΪλαΪ

ͬʱһЩҲʹ·ԼĿ
Э᳤ѧ˵ʫ顢Ļ⡣ƪʫⰻȻתʫԣòеʫַ龰ڵʫ⾳дһ֮޸衣
ǴѧϵУдޡֲΧکεں˸㷢ͬʱͷβ໥Ӧַӱ󵨣˼ںԣҲ߸Ⱦ
ʫ˰ףдӡȫʫȤʫ黭⡣ʫ˲˶ϵַ紺µĲչ¶šȫʫŻм͸ʫ˶Դٵϲú
ʫԪдʫվڶͯǶȴġӽ졷һʫΪҹٶʫɽ޴ס

Ȼ»صСңǰСʱͻߣΪǵĿܡ
ֻ֪ЦЦûʲôΣķ˿ǶǳػǣԤ֮УûʲôֵôСֵġ
Ȼ˿˵һԭǾǣ˴ʱΪһԪǮȥա
ѽѽ벻ΪʲôһԪǮ
ǰ㷨ûⰡô򵥵㷨СѧᡣΪɶһԪǮأ
Ź֣Ź֡йŹ֡
˭Ūˣ˵˵Ȼ˻⵽ȥ
ǣҶŬ룬ȥʱˡһҪŪף̫ˡ
ҵ۹Ц汻˿˵׼ˣڵȷǺܵ⡣
Ҳ֪ڿ϶Ѿˡ֮벻ףҪΪҶ߽һֻҪ߳һоͼˡ
ʵȻҲˣѾ˵ȷĴ𰸡
֪ôˡ֪ˡ
֪ˣǸϽ˵Ƕء
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ԭˣ˹Ȼɶ񡣾Ȼô㷨ǣһϡ
ҲˡȻˣò˵̫Ȥˡ
һ˵ͨˡΪɶʼ벻ͨأ֣֡
ԭȤȤ

ʱȫطԼԴԭǸɶСӡ



һʮ Ʊ
ȻѾ˸ȷĴ𰸣ҲͲٹˡ
һ˿ǵۣ뵽Եռ档
ռͷƱѾ˯ˣСĹƣӦþҪѹҪ
С䣬߰ɡȥé
۲һûзʲôС뿪Ʊ˯ĵطéǰ
ռ䡣˿ͷƱ֮⣬һҪ顣ǾΪͷɵԼպƱ׼ʡ
ɵѾʼϰˣġʡû׼ء
ϴκʹɵ˵ǵĹʽʳһЩõĶȻڵĹֻСʳ衱Һϵͳ͵Ļʳ
߼ζʳȴûС
Ҫͨ齱ЩڻƷֻҪһΣԺͿڹﲻ޴ˡ
Ȼʳ衱ҰϵͳʳʵҲǷǳζġȻɵǼһҲҪԡʳ衱Լȥˡ
üȻǷʣǻ߼ȽϺá
̳ϵͳѾܳʱ䶼ûг齱ˡôʱûг齱һڲûʲôҪĶǣ׼ֵֵ㹻ʱ򣬸ռһμ
ڵĿռ̫СˣòҲḻٶ㶯סˡ
ȿһֵжˡ400
400ˣ⡣ȻһҪ500򣬻һĲࡣ㿴ϣ˲ǡңԽ棬ֵٶҲԽ졣500ҲӦò˶೤ʱˡ
ȳ齱ɡ˵Ҫֵռ䣬õĻҪôû齱ˣ齱ĸо
ֻ400ֵÿγ齱ҪĵֵƲ١
ţ㿪齱ϵͳȻһµϵͳʾϲֵѾ300򡣰տռڳ齱ÿҪĵֵΪ1㡣ףˣ
1㣿Щۡÿγ齱Ҫ1㡣ȴȵ齱ֻҪ100ʱҪõ̫ˡ
һ룬־1Ҳ
ʼ齱
˷ܵĴ֣˿ʼ齱ÿγ齱˶ǳ˷ܡ
֪ǲΪ̫ûг齱ûиоԵʡܹʮΣָа˴ζͣڰɫллݹˣͣɫ򣺻Ʒ
ʮΣҲ̫Ұοһ䣬ûټ齱ˣ׼ȿһƷʲô
˳齱棬Ʒ㿪˸ոյõɫƷ䡣
ѪǣƷΪʳʳζ쳣ֵ1000ֵ
¶ƷΪʳʳˬڡֵ1000ֵ
Ѫǣ¶һ־Ǹ߼۸Ҳˣʲôʳ衱Һˡ
Щһﻹпڷôöʳáҡͷпϸϸ鿴
ѪǣƹǣɫвѪɫƣʹͷ״
¶Ө͸̹⣬ˮ״
Ǻö˺һŰŻƷ
ƷҪģȷʵȻ鵽ˡѪǡǾΪɵĹʰɡ
ر̳ϵͳСк׼뿪ռ䡣ȻסһͷƱķȥоͷƱƺѵļ
СʱҲ˵ˣһҪˡ
ͷߣȥ
Ʊ˯ĵطովáͿһһСͷƱͬʱ۾
Ʊվ𣬻˻Դǹ۲СƱһСƱȻ󣬲ŷһͳ
С俴ǣûȥšƱˣŴСƱСķ߹
ƱߵǰֻǰצǰһݣƺĿͣϵıҲΪԻСƱҲѧΪɰ
ЩôЩһﻹʦͨɡϴΣͷʱͻһҲǡСһҲѧˡ
ڳƱ̬ȴǺ⡣һ˶Լʾ֮⣬ʵʵڵϣͷʹɵԼǰǲȣҡͷŤƬ̶ˡ
ĳƱ壬һ￿סȻѾˣҾ͸ȡһ֡
Ʊٴΰһݣƺ˵лл˴
ʲôأ˼Ƭ̺˵ƱٶҲ졣Ǿ͸ȡ׷ưɣĺӾͽС׷ƺˡ
Ʊ۾ͣĵͷƺַǳ⡣
ЩЦһҲֺ֪磿
һ˵׷ƣС䡣ԺҲڵʱǵϴ֪𣿡
׷ƺĵ˵ͷȻСһݡС˷ܵ˵˺üá֡
㻹飬Ӧ֪˭ԺҪƽദ֪𣿡
׷ƵͷʾԼ֪ˡ
⣬Ϣ죬Ժһ㰲ŹУʳ衯Ϊǵʳ˾ȥСá
׷ٴεͷ
Ҳٴ˵ˣҪȥˡĺڿռתתɡвȥĵطС㡣
׷æվƺͱ
ЦЦСһк˿ռ䡣


һʮ ũׯ
725ա
˵һӡũׯҪˡ
죬ǫԹһ·档·Ѿȫʵͨˡ
ǫһ£Ϳ˵춼Ǻӣȥӡ
ũׯ˵һӡڴ˵ҲһӡܺǣǾ˷ܵˡ
ŵ㣬ǫĹ̶ӵڡѾΧ˴񡣱ġڴǧ֮ࡣ㣬Χˮйͨ
˶ĴһȻٲۡӵ棬֮еĽ˿ΡҲǰѽдϣЦϡ
ЩοͼΧôˣտʼһΪʲôˡ֪֮ԭҪũׯҲȤ׷פ㣬뵽Χ۵ȺڵС
ܺ˷ܵȺϴ׷֡ʥʱйֵĳ棬Ҳѹ˷ˡ
ϰҲȺСֵĳҲЩ˷ܣʱʱĴϼ䡣
峤ȻҲȺ֮Уֻûкһ𡣶ǺվȺΧ˵ʲôʱʱЦһĽò£Ǽ˶ȻǸڼӵĴ峤ˡ
ǫ͹̶ӵִʱ򣬳ĳ󻶺󿨳װػھȹ豸֮֮ǰ·ǲضá
ϰˣЦһӭǰȥ
ǫҲǴЦһװõ˵ϵܽϰǲЩˣ
ɣɡϸˡҲ顣
ǫһЦ˵ϵƻǲС˹ƶ˰ɡ
ЦɽҰѵֵʱ򣬴ȻҪˡ
ǫԺưˡϵܡҽһ£ЩǵĹʦ
ǫѹ̶ӵһһһһһ֣ũׯҪ鷳λˡ
ʦæ˵λҵӡ󼫺á
ˣϵܡũׯֿѾãǫʵ
ͷѾˡͽԵũׯ
Եũׯãֺã߶˴ȷֲֻЩ߲˺ˮǫ޵
ϴ߲ˡˮʱЩɻ߲ˡˮʲôȥ֮һ˲پ˹ֻӦС
Եũׯʵ
ЦϸҪũׯԼţƵƮƮа
ǫҲЦϵܷġԸŪһǷûеĴš
˵Ц֮ϰԼ峤й׼һ¡ΪϰףڿǰҪһʽ
ֶԣһҪСΪָ
Ѿϰ軹д峤ˣʽӼɴ峤֡
ǣڴ峤£һ򵥵ĿʽڴǵĻУԵũׯʽ
150СҲѾ׼ˣСǽҲǳ˷ܡô죬ڿˡˣҲˡÿ150ԪǮһ¾4500Ԫ
Ҫǣڼſڴ򹤡°Իؼ˯һϡɱҪǿ̫ˡԣСһǣɾʮ㡣
С⣬Ѵеĳʦ˹11ˡΪϵٷͽЩʦˡ
С150ˣǫĹ̶Ҳкüʮˡһ춼Ҫô˵ķˣɲһɵ¡ЩʦǾḻϳʦˡ鵹ġ
ʦڴѡһλã˼ʱ̨𼸿ڴһʱͽˡ
10ӣѾ׼緹ˡĳҲİũ棬˭ʲôͣġֻǽĳģһЩѡ
ڹʦָ£ˡ̳½ΧԶһЩȴûɢȥֱٽʱ򣬲ɢȥؼҳ緹
ʱϰԼ峤ҲûлȥԷڹϺʹһԷȻǴζǷǳġ
Ļʳ׼Ҳߣкüҷʮ㡣Եôкáֱ˺á󷽡
ǫҲЦǺǵ˵ϵܣĹ˵𷹲˵ϵõġ
Ц˺һҲ໨˶ǮβôҳԵúһءϾЩ
ǫȴҡͷˣ˶õġ
ЦЦû˵ʲôʾһҪԱԺá
緹һЩŮСųʦʰꡣڵϢţƨò֡
Ϣһ֮󣬴¡¡ĻŴˬʵЦȥԶ
ʱ½һЩֵĴΧ˹



һʮ 
һڹϡ㹤¹Żص
ص򿪵һΪ컹ǡȤζͯӡϴ¿һǵۣǶԼصƷɺܸߡҲͷ
25ţǫĹƣũׯһ׶εĽʱԼһҡҲٽǰǸʱոˮʱʱС˵Ǹպúʡ
81ţʫԤѡҪʼˡԤѡһµʱ䣬91ս뵽ڶ׶εΧʫȫעȷǳߵĴ£Զ֮ǰġͯʫĴɱȡ
ڹϵʱӵ˰״ĵ绰ԤѡͿҪʼˡҲһԼũׯðʱʱԼũׯ档˵ڽũׯҲǴͺ档ʾԼһҪһ
ʫ˵׼˵ʱҪǷũׯϡá
ڶ죬̶ӼοҲ½ο͵Уһλһ־˴ҵ˽
еģŷǳͨݣһ˫۾䡣Եȣһ㲻̬
㿴Ǳλ񡭡
˵֣ϣЩ񡣲˼Ѿܾûڹǰ¶ˡӦֻǳѡ
ţӦǡλҲʲװ
ӦòͨˡǼɣϾ˼ʲôݸûʲôϵ

Ȼû뵽ǣʵûв´˲Ǳˣǻ֣ͯࡣ
ֻǴȻʶ֣࣬ڵӻǱֽϼȴûмټ֣ǰͺڹǰ¶档ʺǳʧڹڵҰС
˭벻֣ͻȻʥµطԴȻʲףú֣ࡣȴûΪ֣ࡣ
֣վʥڣæµĹʩƺûϽĴ㡣
ʥ壬Ȼ鴫Ǹõط֣Ȼûн壬ͨΧĻѾжϳľɫԲȴвֻ»á
֣ûмŽ壬ҲһЩ뷨ɲεģиҪҪ㿴һûгסʥĿܡ
ճԺ֣;ͯѾ˺ϸĽӰˡԺúõİˡȻȻǰѳ
֣ĿеѳȻվĵطʥˡΪʥ£ɫΪҲʥ塣
֣һԤУֻҪСڣȤࡣԣʱæµĽӣ˼ܡ
صʱ򣬿֣վ΢΢һ㶡ȻҲûм֣ˣܹٷ֮ٵĿ϶˾֣ࡣ
֣࣬һֱǳĸмԭҲũׯԺ֣Сסġû뵽֣ڽͻȻ
΢΢һ֮æ첽ǰȥк
֣ϣӭӭϿǹͰ
֣࿴ӭǰˣҲˬһЦСѣС϶ǰˡȻûмƬûмȴܿ϶˶Ȼ
֣˵ﻰסϸʮҲŲҡ
ŶҪסϸʮأǾʹŵˡ
͸ŲˡΪǸʱѾļˡҪҲֻܴԼˡ
˵֣꣬һЦδһһ٣˿̾Ȼͬδһ㡣
֣ϣȽϳȥתתΣ
ðҿѾˡ
֣Сڣ洦Կפյο͡
֣Ҳʱʱͣóֻϼš˵Ҫûȥϰ鿴Ȼǳ⣬ż֣һӰǶ֪ϼ϶Ƿǳ뿴ʲôӵġ
˾ͣͣһߡֻѼڳϷˮ֣࿴ųϷˮѼӣͻȻ˵
Ѽ˫һֻ
󣬹һЦ֣Ҫ˰
֣Цҵֻǿ⼸ֻѼżаˡ
Ȼ֣дˣҲɨˡһԡ˵꣬°˼˻ʱ۾һЦ
ԾˮŴʮ֡
֣󣬹һЦ޵ãðԵʮֹҸζСѵˮƽȻͰ
æǫҺ֣ȡ
ʱߵͩϴֵֵ֣ͯΡ
һЦ·߷ĺԵӰ顣
΢紵֣ٵ𴦣ﲨ͡
һ˼ԵҹʱɫȻ
֣ЦһˮһˣСȻ˽ܵ飡



һʮ ֣Ҫⷿ
У֣һһһ·УĵʮͶԵҪʱ֣ȥгԷ֣ȻȻӦʡ
ǣ˱תҵķȥ߽Ժӵʱ֡裬й
֣󣬲ݸ
ϰһߴߣһʵ˭Ҳӳ˳
ϰ֡߳󣬿Ժһλͨȴʲ׵Ĳϵˣһ΢ЦĿǡλ˷ǳ졣
ٺ٣֡裬ʶٺЦڽԺ֮ǰ֣ȲҪ˵ϰһ¡Ƥ̬֣ҲȤȻǳϡ
ϰ־һ˵ϴڵϼ֣֣ѵϰּ˷ǳ֣࣬뵽ոն˵йšѵ֣಻ɡ
뵽ϰֲЩǲ׷ǣ֣ɲһǣͯڻӰǳϰ˵ֻ֣С10һ㣬֣ǳ硣˵ϰ֡趼ǿ֣ͯġ
֣˵ǲɴĴû쾹ȻԼˡ
֣ʱˬһЦ˵ϵûп֣ࡣ߶ˡ
֣룬뵽ȻѾȷ֣׿ڳϣϰֻⲻһ󼤶
֣ϵܲҪ֣ҳһЩ꣬ǽ֣ϸͿˡ˵Ҳ
ϰæȻȻ֣ȣ֣ϸɱҳ˼ꡣȻϡ
ڼ֮ȴǲĶ˵ô˵֣ҪҲö׼һЩ˰ڸϽȥϿûкһʣ࣬һЩ
Ц裬á˼ҶԵزˣǼﻹ⣬һ˾Ϳˡ
һۣզ˵ء
֣ʱЦС˵öԣҿ˵Ǽҵ߲ʮֵζ춨Ҫúõĳһ
ȻЩԸ⣬̫ˣǿɲС
裬֣ϲˡƽʱ˾Ϳˡȥɣ㡣˵꣬赽ȥˡ
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Ȼͨļҳˣȴǿʳ֣Ҳ棬Щѵͬеһ⿴ͷǳһ㡣
֣֮аȴеĸζζֻԼܸ֮ܵõȴ޷СѾȻֲ˷Ҳ˾ϲǸ˼Сӡ
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ϰһۣͲܺú˵
֣ȴЦȻЩ˹ЧһþԲСǸõطǳʺһЩ͵˾סڶ޽ũׯʩ֪ûһЩʲô뷨
ٺһЦ˵ҵ뷨ɾͶˣָ֪֣ʲô뷨
֣ЦһͣСӻȥˡҵ˼û޽һЩݣ޳ȥ͵ˣǷǳԸֵطסСסġ
ͷ֣˵пǡҲϰԸﳤסСסô޽һЩޣȷһ⡣ȴޣôޡԺҲǰָ񡣡
֣ͷ˵ǿǵĺܵȷӦôӳޡǷУҾȫû⡣
ǳɣȥʹ峤Ҫôô˵֣ҪΪӵĵһ˰
֣ЦĴôȷʺ˼ϰ
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֣ͷȷʵڸտʼʥʱ򣬾һЩ뷨ˡҲ뿼һǷȷʵСڿиá
ϰæʵ̫ӭˡ֣ϸǴӾסǰ붼밡
֣Сб°ŰˡҸоԺԽԽ˼ġ
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֣ȴǹһЦͳС仰ǼҵЩ߲ˣԺ治ٳԡʱСӿɲҪ᲻á
һЦ˵߲úܣھͿȥԡ
Сӣϰֺ֣ͬʱ˵˵꣬˾ǹЦ
ʱ˵˵Цš
֣һ󣬵ڶ峿͸ˡȵũׯԺٹ



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᳤칫᳤˵ϰסʫͿʼˡһʫҪǽ
ң45꣬ʫЭ᳤ʫˣдԹʫ20ʱ򣬾һסˡ¶â
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ԪҲÿڴʫˣȫʫʰ߹ͬʢᡣ
ȴһ̾˵ϧ⼸ڵĴ󲿷ʫˣڴƺ뵽ƿˡѾкܳʱ䶼ûоʫˡϣʫܹһЩʫʰɣЩȫôʫʰߵڴˡ
׺ԪҲһ̾Ȼʫӵʫʰ߹ͬעĴ¡Ȼ᳤˵ʫƺ뵽ĳƿ֮ˡʫһֱûʲôʫʳ֡
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ǰԼƷϣܹ뵽ڶ׶εΧҪƽ̨ͻᣬԼƷչʾͺ۶ѡ
ȻҲҵమ߽ڶ׶Χģ١
ԣʫûгʲôʫʣҵȴɺܸߡ
ںҡסԪ˵ûкõʫʣȻͻĴԵЩʵ
еϣܹкõʫƷ֡ڽϣпܱΪʵ
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׽ӻȷˡ⣬ʫ̳ȽϻԾСʫ١֮ƵĪסŷ硢䡢½ȻҲֵڴ
ҵͷոհ˵ġʫ١ȻҲ֪˵ĸ˵Ͷ30ϣʫ̳ȷˡ˵ΪεʫᣬѾ׼˺ܳһʱ䣬ͷȷֵڴ

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Ī֣˵ʫͷֻĪֵ֮ˡŷ罫һһ˵
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ȻڿƷȴҲûб̫ϣΪľ飬ʼһ϶һЩҵʫʰϴƷҲΪܹƬǰ100λãһˡ
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ͶѾͨһʱˣһûʲôõƷˡŷ˵꣬һ̨ԡ
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˵Щ˵ȥˡ۾ٿЩ
ʱȻһЦƽʱǴֵģٻⷬģ˵統ʱ˵ѾˣҲǸֵġˮƽǧٱǸȻţҪѱ˵ĶģȻ硣
ΪɶʼʱЩ֧֧ˣԭôһ¶ĪҪԼðѣʲôѧԺĸ߲һȣ
ӿڵû뵽Ҷ˵ˣǸǲģʲôҪԡҾ˵ˮƽ̫ѱȡǸˡΪʹ˭֪ڶˡ˵ѾҪѱԵ飬ѧУˡҪѧУѧһ֤СѧԺżЩ⣬ѧУɻкܶˡ
ŶôشģʱЩȤˡ
ҵʱȻûдӦ׼ϼ죬ۼԲɣҲͷˡ˭֪ԽԽΪ˵ѣÿʱˡڣѧУ˶֪׷ң֪ҪѱԵˡ
ѧУ˾ôԣ֧һȥ׷һѾѵŮ𣿡
ߵǻΪ˿֡ѧУ޷ҲЩ顣
ٺһЦ˵ңҡ
綨˶װһӣ˵һռС˵ĻᣬȥѵһǸ֪ߵغСӣô
ɵ̬кЦƽʱ֣վһСŮ
ʲô¶ԼǴʦˡȥЩԴ׵С
ִʦڻ쵱ġֻλʦأһߵľǶʦһ׸ɵá
磬֪ʦʵݵ˺٣ǡþ֮һ
ûиҵְɣȻЩףǻæģ˵СһңЩѧԺĲӱһȣƺҲ˼ġ˳ҲԿǵˮƽô
ҡͷûС
šͷû˵ͺáԺҲҪ˵˵ֻһְͨ߰ɡ
۾һϲӦˣ᲻̫鷳ˡ鷳㲻ӦҲûйϵġϼӦҲͷˡ
ЦǷġԱʦ˵Сһ֤ѵСҲ˼ǰˣôȷ
һɣڻЩǸʲôƵԥãŹæԼҲ֪ЩƣܾҲ֮СϾ֪Ǵʦ
ڣûκԥʹӦˣҲиеһ˿ۡǸڳΪͦִʦûйϵ
˵ǸݳһԼԭɴͶƱ˭Ʒáˣ֪QDֱ𣿡
ͷȻ֪QDֱеǰYY֮ƵһЩҵְʱݳԼԭȻҵమߣרҵֿɲȥ
˵ʱ濪һ䣬ֱݳͿˡѧУ˽뷿󡣵ȻΪ˹ƽ˵ҲһЩİѽ뷿һͬ󡣡
ͷӵǼ򵥷㡣߿ƼʱǺãʡȥ鷳¶ңƼ÷ǳQDֱҪǰЩƵֱõöࡣ
ԭأûʲôҪ󣿡ʵ
ɫ΢죬Сÿϵ¥ΪҳһΪи˭ĸܴҡ
΢΢һЦû⡣Ǿҿдĸˣʱأ
һۣʱ䵱Ȼûҽ첻Ź𣿡
һЦˡԼʱɡԺʱ䶼ԡ
ţ֪ˡͷһɵģ
ãӡһЩϰߡˣǹӦþ°ɡû˰ɣʵ
Ůͬʱͷûˡ
ɣǼȻˡҾʹȥתһתɡ֤ת֮á˵
ðŮһǰľɫѾǴΪˡطľɫǷǳĺڴ
΢΢һЦŮڴתˡ



һʮ 輼
λŮڴй䣬һ·ûٿһЩοĽʵĿ⡣ȫûпǴޣЩζЦ⣬Щơ
ԼŮӵ飬Ҫȥˡû߶ϱ飬֪飬ָᱻ׷ʳʲôء
뵽ϱǰ첻˵Ҫѹզûأ㷢Ϣȥһʡ
ܵĿ⣬ŮȻҲܵˡɫ΢죬ͷŵϡЦȫһ¶ʱŴĺһ尢̺ã
ã尢̶ˡϽŮȥЩǲȥĵط
磬ŮȥԷŮ˼ȥո尢̺ûҲ˼ˡٺһЦҲټ֡ȥһЩŮϪˮ߿ŸҲһȤ
3㣬Ĵߴ֮£Ů뿪ӡ⳵ģ͵ɽϣͳȥ
Ůڻش·ϣʼ˼ʲôѧԺӱȸ顣Ǽ򵥣Ѿȷһ׷ǳʺϵĸˡ
ؼҪԼԼ赹ҲǲԡʵϣԭǴԺԼᳪһЩġϾǰôྭȫȥҸݳ
ֻû뵽ôҪԼˡڵĳˮƽɲôǰҲżȥKTVҺϹ䡣ɲʲô輼ɣ֮Ķ
㳪ȻԵռ䣬齱ϵͳг跽ļ顣ֻҪͿˡ
ڿбҪǰȥȡ跽ļˡҪ̫õļ飬һһͿˡϾֱֻƽ̨ϳһ׸ѶҲ
صʱ仹硣ϰҲûлԼķ䣬ţ뵽ԵռС
ռ׷ѾɳȥЭɵˡֻʣС׷ڿռܡС׷æܵȻһģԴЦ˵ȥɡ
С׷СȣԶˡֻЩĳɳǱȽϿ죬20ʱ䣬ǾͿڳѨΧųǶˡֻҲʼһС׷Ϸˡ
Ŷ԰֣һǵˮƽ쿴ֹ֣ͣϷˮϿƬ֮ƺϳ֪ǵˡһȿֺųŲӣࡢࡱĽ
һϲЩһܿԼƣ͹ˡҲҪжߵ̡ܵߣųĲӣлͣ
ȥɡ˵꣬Űӻ֪֡ҪƲС
Ȼǿƣ֡ࡢࡱĽܻس׷Ϸ
ĵ㣬˵С䣬Щһƺ
СЦˣ鵤ϾǷȻʱȽϲҲվЧġ
ͷСéǰ򿪳齱ϵͳֵѾǵ420ţֵٶȹȻǰҪˡżʱ䣬30ˡ
ԥʼ齱Ҳѡ齱ʮΣʮֵ
ǳãȻʮҲֻνζɫļӡ
ϲ̵ƷѸոյõɫӴ򿪡
飺޺ȭʹú޺ȭȣظʹá
һӲҪĳ༼飬޺ȭҲ޺ȭѾн׶εȣҪȣͱҪٴʹüˡһֿظʹõļ飬ֱ޺ȭȴﵽ100%Ϊֹ
ڶӡ
飺ݳɻƪʹúոݳĻɡ
ˡЦһʵǲõ鶼Ҫġ
Ȼݳļֻһƪڵ˵ҲѾˡٶ룬ֱӵʹá
һϤĸоͷһţ֪Ѿˡ
̲ס˵ɤӣûʲôо
ˣˣ϶١žиоҲδؾóȳռȥ˵ɡ
Ск˿ռ䡣߳ţϰɻûл
ǣٴλص򿪵ԡ׼½ʫЭĹվһԼסʡŵʲôλˡ
Ȼվ󣬲ЩԾǰ100ĺɫȻûСʡ
һǲСʲôЩʫʲôʱôţˣסʡȻ˵жһ׼ʫŲǰ100ˣ
ɻ䣬Լ˻˸ͣµϵͳʾϢϵͳϢ㿪ôһ¶
ԭġʡ˸սȥˡսʫӽĪס
Ȼסӽǰ֪µסӽĪ׵ƷĪףҲšһųʲôʫ١֮ףڻЩ
ֻһսԼʲôֻԤѡֲΧܾңƷȻܰѡʡսȥǾ˵ƷҲܽǰ100
Ҫ˵ǿԼʫ۸ҲܡЩĪ
סӽڵһλԼסʡĵƱȫܵͷȥˡʡƱΪ0ѾȥˡٱҿˡٴͨǵͶƱǰ100ĿѾˡ
㿪סӽһ¡ͷʫǲġȻΪסӽͱȡʡáֻǡʡʫıǲþϵȷսȥҲпܡ
ţе˼


һʮ ӽսӽ
ġʡսȥˡմ涨սȥƷӵսȨҲ˵ҪȥսסӽλãͱҪϴһµƷ
µƷȱľµƷȻǸĪ׵СһסӽġʡսȥˡҲһסӽȥսСӵġӽˡ
գϴһƷƷһרŵƷͣһСʱԱлùѿƷ㣬ôȻñȽϸߵͶƱƷͣʱ֮Ȼһϸߵ
ƷƷõƱ޼ôƷͣʱ֮ƷҲֻʫˡ
ȻԼƷţǾͲõһСʱʱͶƱڵһʱֱǰ100ĳһƪƷս򵥡ֱݡЧ
ȻˡӽոͨˣֱһһסӽսڶԷսԲõȵԷͬ⡣
ʫֱӽ뵽սҳ棬ߵķʽСս󣬱սң·ߵĵƱм仹һСʱĵʱʾߴ޵˼ԡ
趨ΪȤȤĿܿ죬ѿʼͶƱˡǶսҲȤʱʱ̶̿ڵսʼء
ǴǰԼϲͶƱÿ˵ϲֲָ֧ͬͬǣ໥֮䳳òɿҲǳõ¡
Ȼǵսˡ

ġʡսȥ˱֪ĻҪ硣
ǣʫЭܲ
˵ĪֱӾսǸʲô˼֮ӦûʲôԹŶ԰Щɻʵ
ԪüͷҲǰʱʫͷ̫ʢЩˬɡϾʫ̳Ҫö࣬ôķͷء
üͷҲһ壬Ͼᡣɲô۸ġԸѾ׼

ǣ֣
ͷӣʥƯòƬĵúÿɡϼֻ֣ĵЩƬЩɡ
֣ЦʵľɫƬҪСյļɲô
ϼЩŽɣڳ֣Щ߲ˮ󣬶ʱʹеǡҲֻԴĵطֲֳ˼߲ˮɡ
ͷӣסʡԱǸʲôĪ׵ġӽðΪʲôأͶƱЩ˶ЩʲôˮƽϼЩ˵
֣ЦЦ˵ǻ϶ǴĿʫıǲþʡսȥҲûпܡֻĪΪԤѡ׶ξսЩ˷ѽ⡣

ʡǡ
ȨлҲŪףĪΪҪս
ȴһҲΪġµĵʲôƷ
Ψһ֪ĪΪɶҪսģƾֻͯʺκˡ
ʱͯ硣
Цúǵ⣬κôҵ˵Īл϶ģЩʫ˵ľڹӦˡ
κЩʻǵ£ڻЦô⡣·ж϶ˣһǳ˲Ƶġ
ǵĸǱȽϸӵġɣǿʼѹѹɣּڲٴѹѹɣǾڡ
νְֺޡڣҲãҲգõˡȡ֮һ͡עǳ֮ĬĬĿžͺˡ
ҲһǰʱռڽǼƻŮޱҲʧԺҲ;˼ڣȤζͯѾԽͯΪȫĶͯ־ˡ
ڼԽʱļ١ڱԽȥˣƽˡڣͯȻڵڶ֮ǰڵһʱ򣬻Ҫ߳١
ⶼɹȤζͯһЩӪֶΣԼĹ͡ڣǡͯأȻ֮ȤζͯƷбȽϴĲࡣҲӵ˲ٵĶߡ
ҲˣáȤζͯͬʱҲͯ
Ѿûʲô˼ˡ˼ȻûУܹżԱǷǳġ
һġʡ˼սȥûֺǡ

ħ
ʫ١Ī׵ļۼŷ磬䣬½Ȼ˻ħһ£ֱʫ֮Ż᷵ء
ŷʱЦҾ˵ǸΪǰɡô׵ľͱĪսȥˡ
Īе⣬ȴǫĪҪ˵ءʡֻˮ֮Ȼиʫʳֲ֣֧סʱ򣬿Ҫ뼸λ̨Ԯְ
ŷֵĪĪҪǫ飬һһ˶Ը㹻ˡ˵ƾСӵˮƽûʱڶʫ
Ѿˡ½Ȼ䲻˵


һʮ սʤ
Ѿˣŷһɫ˲ͺ
Լոջ˵ûʱϾͳˡⲻǴԼ
Ī׼ŷɫãһЦ˵ֲؽ⣬Ϊδ϶Ҳ˳׼ģм״ʫ֡
ŷ۾һЦĪ˵ǣȻˡǾ͹ͬһ¡
½Ȼ̾ҲϣǴʫһ㡣ǣǴ˾Աп¡
½Ȼ˵ͬʱŷҲ㿪ʫ
ףӽĪ֣ǹİһô
ױһߣ˿С
֪ϸҶ˭ó´Ƽ
⣿ŷ翴һһʱ֮䲻˵ˡ׸ո½ȻΪ˵ˡʫСдģǴ壬ԼҲС֮ġ
µ׻Ǵ壬ΪСӽпܾڿĪ׵ġӽ֮´ġ
Ļδͷᣬһ󾢵С뵽ŷһ̲ס˿Īס
ڣ˵ġӽڽPKսңǴʫıǵͶƱĪ׵ġӽ·硣
Īڵɫܲÿ˺һ˵ҳϣҵȷСˡҲáӽܲŸ塣
ġӽȻĪ׳ԾҲû̫ġӽֻΪδ׼ʫһףԭ׼μԤѡġ
иĺʫ֣ΪܹٴЩõʫֻҪ˷һʫԤѡˡ
ҪҪʫԤѡPKĪЩԥϾԤѡͨͶƱһ׺һƷһײһƷȥ鲢ټ
ΧܾͲһˡǵͶƱ֮⣬ʫרǵרҵжʫʵĺû
ԣĪȵıˡֻһЩģһʱ֮ò⡣

ǣʫЭܲ
˼ӽԡӽСӹȻǺ۸ġӣĪ׵ɫƲÿˡ״Ц
Ԫ˵ʱ嶯һǿġң໥ƴҲþǻ¡˵ܴ̼˫ļء
׵ţӾͿĪǱˡǼԤѡPKǵȵıһۡ
ԪЦЩҲܡסӽɵˡϴסʡǱˡ
ЩЦãˣ˼𣿡
Ԫɣ㲻ԺƷˡ
æãõ

ʱ򣬻ʫЭսҳ档סӽPKѾӽβ10Ӿͽˡ
˫Ʊ컹ǱȽԵģסӽĵƱұҪ߳1000Ʊ
Ҳ쳣Ծ
̫˼ˡ˾ǹġ
ǿ϶˭Ī׿ʼ˭սãƫҪȥءҲҵġ
˵Ī׵ġӽȥս˭Ҳǰ100˭֪ΪɶҪȥսأ
˭֪Ա˳ŵ¡ֻǼ˼ǰʫ̫ͷ˰ɡ
¥ϡҪѻ˵ǼĪбҪȥʫ̳ɱ߶ˡ
ǰԺ˭֪ءסӽǺܿҪġӽȥô
ԺôˣԺʫ̳Ҳܸ߹ĪסαӮҪˣϴοˡڲƽֶѡ
Уϴ׸Ϸ֮ġ㻹ˡ
Īסӽֻ˲10%ĹӮ
10%˲𰡣ġӽֻ5%ĹӮǡ

Ե֧ߣԾľ໥
ֻǲ˫ô10֮սʱսҳԶʧʫصӦôڵλϡ
ġӽԱȶԷ߳2000ƱɼӮսʤӽȻаһλá
ԭĪסӽĵƱҲתƵסӽϡĪ׵ġӽأƱΪ0סʡȥˡ
ȻǡʡĪ׵ġӽƷڳʫײɻᱻע⵽ҲٻһЩͶƱֻǽǰ100Ļ᲻ˡ
ڣһƷȻСӽֻ߱һЩսǼˣֻ»ΪվأôһƷֶˡ



һʮ ⻹Ե
ġӽɹصһλú󣬴ʫƵϣҲʱ˶ʫ
ӽߣԪ
ױһߡ׾дһλױͤͤŮñ˼һǱֺɫйأ̡¾ġ̡ǻΪġ
ǱͷУԶӡԹžССұһ˵ʫͨһʣĽһλͤͤŮϵŮһѣˣഺ
ŵڶ䡮˿СǴ׹ҶŮȶ׹ɫ˿֯ȹҹǲ˿˿ΪȻάĹ壬ԶׯƮơôķϾͿ֪ˡ
֪ϸҶ˭ó´ƼľһһЩȶϸϸҶ˭óأŶԭǶµĴɵּóġѱʽַ̻úʹȻĹɣӱ£Ѵر˳޵С
ȫʫĽṹ߽ġдӡддҶ֣ܵȻԵϣǳ׶ֻ쳣ʵΪһƪѵõļ
ƪһഫѿƪº󣬲ע⵽һġӽԭѾױ
Ȼһô˼PKϧ̫ϧ˰
ȷǿϧŷ֣ԭӽѾ˼ˡ
ƪӽȷƪáŮѣƼǾˡ
ŸոտʼôõƷˡҪȵܾŻƷһþͱ׺á
ȻҲǼ˭

ʥ塣
µĿˡӽԡӽPKսġӽصһλһҲ֡ЦǿǺ֪ºشʫ˵ƪӮһССĪףƵġ
ҲԪǶʫеǳοܹϿɺͣҲˡ
Ȼ¶˵һλãҲûڼעˡٳʲô⣬Ҳʱ˵
ڿȥʡǵ顣ȻӦǾ͵ȥʡǰ׸İ뵽࣬һ顣ԺҪĸƲ٣ÿζʡܣ̫ʱˡ
бҪԼһ¼豸豸Ȼˣڵ˵ͲǸ¶Ǯ¶طȴǸ¶ڼǼƽûط
Ҫͱ޷ӡúǸһһķˡԼ˵Ҳϰסĺһ㲻ǡ
ǽڵķӲˣڵĵػޣһطޡúϰһ£᲻ػʵҲλͦõģԺһҰҲ
һ׸边Ȼô뷨ԴȻЩҲڱС
ֻôڱУ׸İ໹ȥʡǡҲգȥ

ڶһ磬ȥʡǵ10㣬߳ʡվ
룬Ǿȥǰһ¼豸ãǸ۾СӹȻЩҲǷǳġֻҪҪ˵һЩԥ
Ƭ֮һξͲ˵ˡ׸͵ʱٸһϲɡ
գһ¼̨ǰŵĻǸ۾СӣǵͷŵԡǰΪĵԱڿӦϰˡ
ϰ壬¼ų̀˵
۾СţϰԵıۡͻȻ͵̧ͷȻ
Ӵ󣬴ʦʦˡ룬룡۾Сӻæк
ĸмһ㲻١ҪȻһײˡ
ЩôһߣһʵôˣƽʱйעַϢȻ龭˵һЩԼڵķչʲôӣǲ̫
۾СӼʦҸѾˡȫøл
ͷ˵飬ӨҲˡʱ룬Ƕ˵һǷǳѵҿźҲǺѰ
۾СǼģƺݴˡϽ˵ôɶУҪҴʦ治ϰ߱ңͲ࣬־ͺˡŶˣʲô֣
һֱû۾Сӵ֣Щʧˡ
۾СæʦŶ磬ҲǣǸ
һЦļ˵ͶˣǶͬˣַ㡣ԺһҪæءʲôְ
۾СӺٺһЦȷûиոôˣ˵ҽա
գһ㶣漴ǹһЦ飬ա⻹ԵְҲѹʺݳұˡ
Ե֣ʺݳұһɻȻ̫λʦ˼
ЦЦҲûн߽ͣǼϤרҵ¼



һʮ ѧԺıըϢ
ʡǣѧԺ
ֳǣѧԺϵѧѧ㱻֮ΪѧԺһӡټòʣͬѧѧáѧеİӡ˵ѧԺ׹Ů
ȻǵֳͬѧȫΪƺҪѧҵΪأ׼ڴѧڼ̸һŮĲѣҲҡûԼˣѣҲûͱˣô
ǿԼ˼ҪѧҵΪأϣΪˣѵʱ䡣ⷴʹһڰŮ
ֳͬѧһУżȻ֮ΪˡһҪ׷֡
Щʱô֡ȻǳƯҲþͱȸֳǱ׹һЩŮƯҪ֪˵ѧԺŮƣҲš
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ѧУֳͦҲܵͨѧȥѧУһҲǱȽϤҲȽ׾ʹסҡ
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ңȥ׷һŮӣŮϲĲ׷ɹˣǴȥҲһμѻ
ǣֳǰԼıóд˺üԭ׼һ硣룬־͹ˡڣԼԭ֣Ӧʲôӣ
ֳ룬ԼЩˡ
ǣһҹڷߵҹţЩԡӦһϡҹʵ¹⣬ءֳǱһѼȻ̤׷̡
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һ׸ֳĸпʼˡʵ˵ֳΪѧԺһӣǿɲ˵׸裬ǸֳǵĳǲһУѧӵˮƽȷʵǷǳѵá
ֻǿϧǣƺΪڴϢ汥ĸţֻ˵һ䣬񾭲
Ȼֳǵһ޹Ů¿һ۶ûСֳǲ١ʵҲԤ֮СŮô׾׷أ
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ִǸŮʵѵġҲǸֵģֳǻҪѱ
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زĿǲ١һӡ׷Ů˼ѡҲǸֵġ
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ѧԺһѧ˷ֱܵСѧԺѧУѧ󲿷ֶżٻؼˣѧУȴɷǳĶࡣ
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ֳѧܣúøɣҪѧԺ档
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ֳѧ϶ӮʲôѹƾǸְߣ᲻д趼һдҲܱȵùѧԺĵһӡ
ǣֳѧƷЩ˶˵ء
ֳǣһҪúøɡʱѧԺеѧȥ֧㡣

ǵ˷еʱִһϢ˼һûͬҪء
˷ܵѧǶʱйƤƵģһϢˡ
ʲôôȻûÿˡ
˼Ҹûѡֻھֳܾǰˡ
ѣҲǸֵġ
ˣˡһǸø͸ȥɣûÿˡ
ǰҼȥƵѧϰɡϧϧ˰
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ȥһһµġɴƬء
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ӿҪˡԷȻǸֵģЩ֪ߵغ񰡡ҺǵĴӱġ
ѽѽҪֳӮˣǸŮҪļˣǲǲ̫Һϲ
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ѧԺһֳǣҪ뽻ͨѧѱԸ顣ȻѾѧԺֵȫУ֪ڵĽͨѧȻҲᰲ
缫ѧУѧ֪飬Ȼͨѧѧǻ֪ˡУѧ֪ˣһЩżٻؼҵѧҲ֪ˡϢٶʵ̫ˡ
꣬ѧԺŮôࡣʲôһӻҪѧУŮֱǲԭ£
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˵ĺãѧԺŶˣôţѧУһϵ˾ʣ
ǡȲѵˮƽô85ŵǶȥ֧֣ѧԺ˵óѡ
ԣ˭Ƕ֧Ϊһǽͨѧ
¥ϵѧ˵úãѧڼҲһ֧֡
ԣҶȥ֧֣ǧ䡣

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ѧԺȻʮ㡣ЦѧԺĵһӡƷһЩ˶佱ɲһ֪ðνĸֵˣ
ͨѧѧʵҲͬһ㣬ѧԺһ˼ұ֣Щ۸ˡǵƲ䰡ô˶࣬¸ɲǡ
˫ȱ㣬һʱ֮϶൱˭˭
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ǣ׷ԼԼѧУѧΪ鷢Ӵ򽫼ǹ֡ϳһҲ
˫У쵼û͵͵֧ԼѧУһߣǾͲö֪ˡ
¼ôһ֣УѧҲ֪顣֪ѧԺͽͨѧЩݵ顣
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͹˵ӦѧԺֳǺųƵһӣ˵ҲǸְߡӦ϶Ϊ䲻ӣȴ벻ֵôڹѾˡ
ȷˡ˵ҪҪֿɿˡо絽׳ɶģ
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صʥʱ򣬴3ҡڵĹ̽չǳ˳ǫһֱڹ϶šǳĸмǫȥԷǫȴЦƵȵһڹ֮̽ȥš
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󣬹Ȼͬһϰ᲻ڵĵػҲͦõġԾ˾ڷλ޽
ֻҪϷӲԼؿһ㡣㹻һˡ·߷ֿΪϰסһߣסһߡǸȡϱˣȻҪһЩĿռġ
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ڶ죬ҵǫԼҪ޷ӵ˵ˡǫڣ޷ӵ϶ˡ
ǫЦķӵȷӦˣȻԺϱýšãũׯĵһڹ̽Ϳʼҵķӡ
޷ӵ飬еĶɹ졣ʱ85հ
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ӲŽ⡣Ȼ淭ٶȻܿ죬ǿȫˡ
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ۣ˼ֶ֪ʲôͰ䣬ʲôԹԵֲӵŮѰɡ
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˵ͨѧͬѧǣҲҰѧУƬ




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ʱ7룬Լķ䣬򿪵ԡľͰαķŸˡ
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ڵרŵĸ䡣俪ڿʱѡ˻ǶˣԱ֡
֮󣬻ͳһʾڷϽǣɲͬɫڵϽǣ²г֡
췽ֳǣӡ
ӣݸһЦǹⲻ˵Լ֣֪ԭҪ֣ҲûиȻҪ˵Ҳ˵漴ȡһ֡
ʵϴμӱˣԼȡһ֡ΪģΪȥһ㡣ϾǱſɲ·硣ȻʵϴҪΪ
ӾӰɡҲԼھͷеͷһЩñ˿ò̫Сֵʡ
˫ֺ滹һƱʾڡΪ߿ͶƱťЩͨοԿڲߵĺ󷽻һͶƱťÿλοͶԸκβͶƱÿλοֻͶһƱ
ڷǵƵϷһƵڣ·еСƵڡÿһСƵڶӦһλߡҲ˵˸ͬʱ
ݳʱ򣬹ԱƵڣлĴƵڡ
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ֳǵα׿νģᡣ
СŮжϡﻩϣαǶԼ˵ġĽʻҪϺޡ
ȻȴֱƲ죬Ƥһء
磬ֳǶءҪʹӦһЦ˵
Ӷˣҿ޸ˡ˸˵
ѧԺһѧֱУ׷ΪֳźͨѧѧһмУֶƱѡ
ò˵ƱʽЧƺܲȺֱеСŮ֪ˡϣҲһס
ӿѣ˵ʲôɿĻʲôΪ磬Ȼֳ֪ǣܾ˳ЦҲҪƴһ֮ģôҲñֳǵĻЧð
ֻǵ˰죬ƺûпڵ˼ֳòûʲôҪ˵Ļ֮ûʲôʾֻ˵һлںĸС
ýͨѧѧһʧװ˷ôõƱᡣ
һСŮǲмŮѶ챻ˣȻһ׵ĻûС˼ֳȣ̫ҲزסԼŮѡ
ӨʱȴĵͷСӻеģûж˼˵ЩʲôĻ
ȻûʲôҪ˵ˣǾͿʼɡǽͨǩķʽ˭ݳƵУֳ˵
ˣȳɡ˭˭Ҿûйϵ˵
ֳһ㶣ԥһ֮󣬻˵ȳƵġΪڿʼݳʱοǵͶƱȨҲͬʱÿλοֻͶһƱοͰƱͶǰˣǺ˳øãҲûа취ͶƱˡ
һȻҲ֪˵ȳǻƣƲΪǻȵ˫ͶƱģ˵ıԾ˵ġҶҲá
ֳܹ˵һ㣬ԵͷʵֳǲûʲôõĸоһЩ͡׷һŮ׷ĵطҲˡ
Żֳȳֳܳʲôĸ裬ҲĸȤ
ûйϵģͬѧȳɡ˵
ƵеֳǵͷҲûн飬ȻˣҾȳˡһס㡷ΪдġڣҰ磬Ҳÿһλͬѧ
˵ֳ꣬ǵƵҲлϷĴƵڡʱֳԱߵļǰžͷһȻ£һߵ࣬һ߿ȻаࡣֻǼٵʹá
һ죬㡣
ӴԺȷľ㡣

ֳǳ÷ǳͶ룬ǳ顣ο͵ʱҲǷǳİֻżһЩԳ֡ȻҶ衣
ҲǰԵͷЧȻֱЧΪΣֳ׸ҲǲȻ׸ʣҪƵĵط
ֳǱϾһУѧˮƽѾܿɹˡûйѧԺһӵ
Ȼ۹׸貢οͿû۹⣬ټĺø豾١ֱ۵Ŀֳǳ裬оֳǳ׸Ŀġ
⼸֮Ľǣֳһꡣ˲ͷˡ
ããʵ̫ˡֳӮˡ
治ֳȳ
ѧԺһӣдúãҲá
ֳǣҰ㡭

Բͣ﷭ľֳǳúãоЩǳĸȣҲȥ
ͨѧѧǣ˿̶еǳĵǣСӿɶǿɶ񣬵˼ȷǺðظûɣ
ͬʱֳǵĵƱҲǲͣǡܿͻ5Ʊֱ10Ʊʱͣ
Ѿ10ƱˣӮˣ
ˣûʼ10Ʊˣ
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У׸ҲһɡӮӮӨǲм
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һŪԼͷһֹţ׸軹ǲСӵǳ顣
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漴ֳǵƵڱΪСڣƵ򻻵Ĵ󴰿ڡ
ͷЦллֳͬѧֳͬѧ׸ȷѧԺһ鴫ھΪݳҵĸһס⡷͸ǡлл
ظ֧ͣ㡣
ظͣҲ֧㡣
ͨѧѧȻΪظӮƾһЩֵοͣʱҲͣΪظ͡ϣظܹúһ㣬Ÿ֡
𣿡
顢Ө硢ԼֱһЩŮĸԺ󣬶鲻Խ⿴ȥ
ʵɫ¹⣬Լһ߸߹¡


һʮ 㴰
ͬžͷһµʱͬùԱߵһѼʹá
漴ֱѸٰȻҶظݳȴǷǳĺ棬ظܳһʲôĸ衣
顢Ө硢աǾǵһ衣Ůе뷨Ȼͬ׸ڴȴһġ
ûʹùڸӵͺ֮дһ˿죬ƺһ˿˸С
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˲ظе뷨ֻظһδĬĬת뿪ʧҹɫ֮С
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ֱ4֮ӳһʡžͷϹʱɻûоѣΪеӸˡ
Լڳ׸ʱҲһЩ˸С
һ⣬ҪôңҪôƽƽҪôԶû˵ڣԶź
ſտյЩɻأȥˣһԶûУӦð



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˶׸败ģһ֮󡣲Ȼ˼ظıⳡԼͶƱʤء
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ƱͶƺû
ǣ½صԵˣ׷ֱҪظٳһ顣
ظ̫ˣظٳһ飬ǻҪ
ǰظٳһɡ
ȻظȴƵҡҡͷЦ˵ܹϲ׸裬Ҹеǳοֻ׸һҲ͹ˣġȻԺӦûл׸衣
ظ˵ٳˡȻЩźҲûټҪҲظ˵öԣһġ
ԲȴһҪġ
տʼظòҲˣȻڣظ糪һ˶˵ĺø衣ҪǲظòǾ̫źˡ
ظصƵģǿһɡ
ǰظ硣㣬ǻһֱźȥġ
ˣظһһλִʦŹⲻǿ
ӦòִʦȻòóظ绹ᡣһѡִʦظ絽˭
ظ磬ְ

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û뵽ظ羹Ȼôһ׸׸һӾͳġΪǸƽϾӰӡ
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Ȼ´εʱ򣬶ԴֻĬĬעǸӰԽԽԶ
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˵һУѧȻƯҲûжȥһѰǣظΪɶҪΪμⳡ
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ͨѧѧʲôʸ鶼ʲ
ǣʲģظʲô֣װɡ
ʲҲͰˣǰƬ


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Щ˰׸贫ģ԰ЩûȥŪֱܡ
һԸظѵݳƵ
ǰ˶ظ翴ô뿴Ƶ϶ͻṫˡ
ұֺöΣʲô뵽׸裬Ӱ칤
Ҳǣ˻ǿ֢׸裬ʲô

ֱԶƵĹܣ䴴߶ȨƵ԰Ȩǳӣ뿴ƵֻظԹ
ֳȻȨأҲءƵֻԼܹϡ

ʥ塣
Ҳ˹ǵԸ֪һѶıۣԲŻڽһ
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Լȥ仰ٺЦƵϴQDƽ̨治ϴƵļƵļҲǿϴġҿѡƵ͡
ȻѡƵˣܲܿ׬ѵǮǡϴɹԺϷһӣ˵ظݳƵѾϴQDƽ̨ƵƵˣҪľ͸Ͻȥ
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ЩˣҲ׷ǰQDƽ̨ôĸһôء
顢Ө硢ŮҲһҲٶ顣
Ȼ֮󣬾Ȼû۸Ƶһ仰
һ䣬һ֣Ļ
Ҫ磬ֻǴ˵



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Ҫ磬ֻǴ˵
ظݳƵ󣬼ôһ仰仰һ֣Լٶӡ
ըըˣ仰̫ţˡ
Ҳݣ̫˧ˡװƵ߾硣
⾳̫ˣɱ֮ǰһװƵĻ
ƾ仰ظƻĳΪ˵
ظ磬ҪСܲСܸ죬СҲҪΪ˵

ѿ仰󲻵ˡڿ仰ĵһʱ䣬ҪôԼQDǩĳ仰ҪôԼ΢дһ仰ɲȨ
д仰֮ԼĺѣڿԼ仰ʱı飬һװ̫˧ˡ
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֪֪֪Ͳ֪ʲôп˵֪Ҳ˵֪أУƵʲôϵ
仰˵ȥƵ֪ˣƵ⡷

QDƵ⣿ҶõϢɻQDҵˡ⡷ҽ㿪
ʹá⡷Ƶϴ5Сʱʱͻ5000̫ˣQDеĹԱŵһһ㶵ġ
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ظ˵ģֻһģӰһ׾ĸ
Ȼһ䣺Ҫ磬ֻǴ˵
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ʥ塣
һס⡷֮ָֻƽ˵һֱƽƷϽ꣬ԼȴڴС
ֻǽ죬еԵһЩ˷ܣΪʦҪȻһˡ˸е΢һЩź
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ŮǣǺáҲʥİɣ֪СӿλŮһ𣿡ߵǰվò˵żҲܶһЦ
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°ͣĵСӸòԼ鷳ɡǡ̫ˡ
ʱǫһЦǰ˵ϵʲôʱʶŮӣҲ֪ϸһ¡
ҲЦҪϸһأλŮɽѧʦʦ⼸λʦѡ
ûнӨΪӨôһ۾Ȼǲ뱩¶ݡֻһǣɫӵвٵԷ˿
͸ոЩ۾ֱ˵ο֪ͣӨԻֱеΧ
Ůһǫһһ硣
һ硱ǫƺʲôݺݵļЦϵĽ
һЦ˵ϸ磬ǾȽˡ
ǫͷЦգ졣
漴顢ӨȼλŮȥ
ǫż˵ıӰֹһѧУȻʦѧ



һʮ ڻͷ
żλŮ߽ӣЩοȻĥĥûԶĿȻĽʺˡ
ʱҲһ¼λŮĲĽ̷شĽ棬΢ЩݵĽλŮ֮иߵĽ
νݻʣŮĸͬȴһԸƯԸƯŮʱȴЩơ
滷һЩĥĥοͣСֹҾԺٺ顢ӨӨһˡ
Ůͬĵͷǰ㿴Щ˵Ŀⶼ飬ӨӨȥˡˡ
󣬸С˵ֻǣǿǼҸոտǿһˣֱĶظءذ̫ˡ
Ķ̫ãĻСɫŹֵĿ˿顣
鿴Լʱ޵Ц⣬֪ȻԼո˵Ļɫ΢΢һ죬ݺݵĵһۡ
һЦ˵ʵλŮƯעĿĽ㡣
Ŷ濴ͦͦԼʵظζʵǲ֪Ľ
һĿƽǰ˵ҵĽȻǰķ羰
˵羰ָʲô羰ǾͲö֪ˡ
ҲĻһ֮һ˵ҿҲͨͨ治֪Ϊ֡
Ŷ۾һ顣ȻֵһۣȻ棬˵ɶء
ʱŮҲһζ
ҿҲһ˵ֲ˺һֲֵ֣ٺãʲôã
ͬΪɶأ
ǰ㿴˼Щһͯҡˣ˵ʫʽҲܳһ͸Ӳˣ˼ǴִʦӨӨĳǳʦ֮֡
ӡ⼸Ůƺ֪Լݰѵ顢Өûиǣ
ţɻ˿˿飬ֿ˿ӨŮЦҡҡͷ
ͷֲøոڴڣŮһδԼʱдһ˿ءԼܰɡ
Ů˿̵ģЩЦóŮҲûʲô⣬ֻǶ鿴ôƽԼЩ߷߲ƽ
ЦЦ˵أȷǲҲбĵطֵ߲ˡˮǾֲ
ŮСֵֹٺʲôá
Ůһۣڳһص̬˵ǿɲһŶ
Ů˵ʲôʱ˵ǸϽȥɡľɫúء
԰ǽġӿøʲôƵģҽҪúÿɡظ˵
ĶЦ˵ľ͵˵⻹ڳء
ȴǲΪ˵Ľʣ㡣
ЦǳɣҴǺúȥתת
ȴŮͬʱһۣǼŮȥ䣬һ˸ȥʲô
ӵ𣿡ЩƵĿ˿飬һЦ˵ţǽȥͿˡ
Ȼֿ˿ӨӨҲһЦ˵ȥȷ̫ʡô᲻ѽ
ȥȥһЦ˵أҵøһڡ
ڣŮɻӨ۾һֳڴ֮ɫ
ͷʲôϽһתǴ
ͷĽתǴ˳ٶȼ죬һգ۾ܵǰ
ѽͷôôˣӨǳȣϴμͷʱ򣬿ɱǰһҪС̫ˡ
Цһ̫ˣֻ֪ԣȻͳôˡ
ͷǲĿȻŮǰʼˣȡǵŮֱЦƲƲ죬һȣҲֶΣ
ŮһǹȻҲϲϲĶЩСڿͷһ΢΢Щ־塣
Ҳѹ֣˵ǼŮˡǳȻѾǿ׳ʨĻͷҲᱻסġ
飬㣬ǡС˵ˣŵǰĴһ
Өע⵽ƺЩ¡ͷԴЦ˵ǲҪ£ǻͷͷɴˣǲѽͷһǶԻͷ˵ġ
ͷһæĵĴԴƺ˵ǵģǵġҺܴģǷģҲ˺ǵġ
ŮͷȻڵͷǳԾ˵˵Ļⲻܰɡ
ȷҲ֪ΪʲôȷܹԾˣǲú¡
ʱЦǲҪ£ͷġûͷȥڡͷһҪüλŮİȫ֪𣿡
ͷ֣صĵ˵Դ
ˣǾˣҲȥϢɡ˵
ţȥɡͷ
鼸Ů뿪ˡҲת뿪ˣлͷڣǲõǵİȫ
ֻʱûע⵽Զһڴ绰ǲǰڴڸкǸΪ˧ӡ
ϸ磬ʥɫŮӡţұ֤ġɫӨ֮¡ţõģõġ



һʮ һ
Ŀ뿪ԼҲת뿪ֻûͣ
ĸоڳǸոڴһǸӡɴͣǸ˹
֪ģӼվƺڵЩʵ
˿ӣһЦ˵ôʲô𣿡
ϸĴĵСӳ۾Щ˲ֱ֮⣬ûʲôر֮Ϊܲü˵һЦ˴ôʱ䡣ѵʶʶҲһЦѵ֮ʲôϵܰ
ôҲ벻⣬ɴֱʵոǸɫŮΪʲôЦô𣿡
˵ΪҵȽϴɡ
иƨ޺޵漴˵Сӣ˵ѾɫŮӵ飬һ˵ˡѻһ𣿡
Ӵ̡ϸҪ椣ǾͱʹһЩֶΡ椿ҲǮҪ椵ķģǾֻǰװһֺñˡҪװǾͱҪƷǰСӾõѡ
Ȼ֪ΪλСһЦ϶ԭġȻˣǲСװƣǾõѡ
ܣװһЩµʵ
ӱĵĿһۣ˵ģִ׵ֶôܻ˵ķءôСӣǰ¶ĺûŶ
ǰ¶һ˷ܡȻװġ˵ֻҪǴܣҾʹӦǡ
۾һȴЦô׾ʹӦˣΪǰ¶Ǻ׵ôܺá˵Ǿ˵ˣ͸˵󣬲Ҫߵ̫Զϸ絽ʱһȥ㡣
ɣû⡣
ţҾˡסҪ̫ԶȻҲ㣬ǿɾʹǰ¶ĻˡӶ䣬ȻŴڵķȥҪȥʲôϸˡ
ȥıӰǺһЦڵ˼Ȥ椵ȷһ뿴Ǹνϸ綼ЩʲôֶΡֻҪ˺ˣ棬Ҳ

ԼһСʱ֮
һɫСڴͣ¡ӳˣΪ׵һӡԼʮ塢꣬ͲȴһͷؾǸӿеϸˡ
ϸĸ˾Ϊӣ20ͷ˵ԴһЩ30ӡ30ӣ·ʱ۾죬ţƺӡ
Ӽˣæӭǰȥϸ磬ˡ
ϸӵļЦκְСӲûϸҡȥ
κЦϸģϪˮλǣʵţƺˡ
ϸ˵λרĸ֡λǶƣλǺ硣Ҫֶܵβǡ˵ǸСأڲʥ壿
κֵϸģСӻڡҸ˵ǰ¶Ļᣬ˶˷ܵĲСڿ϶û뿪Ӧþ椵ĸǹȥء
ϸٴκֵļЦúáߣȥ椡ȻȥСӣʲôʸ椶Ц
κִӦһǰ·

бϪˮԶһƺϣµĿϪˮߣɫɫο͡
κϸҲһϪˮÿȥѰң֪˶ȻΪοͬһط
ϸ磬㿴κָһط˵
κ˵ϸҲѾˡڲԶϪˮϣȵŮʵ̫ˡߵŮӣһһЦϵһ㡣
ϸһӾͿôˡŮӵУȷֻӨܹ֮ȡӨֻڵϿһж̫ʵ椾ͻվڲԶƺֻҪ־Ϳ
ϸѾܲˣȲĶκ˵Сأûڸ
κִӦڣȥһҡ˵꣬뿪ˡ
κߺϸֶԶƺͺ˵λͰˡ
Щм˵֣һëͷСӰˡһ˳־͹ˡ
Ҳ˵ǰ֡һëͷСӣֺαذͬʱйء
ϸЦҲΪ˱Ҳλ椵ɫˣǾǼƷ
ϸ磬ֶιܲãڵŮϲҪһӢ۾ĺϷˡǸһֱû˵ͻȻ˵
ϸ˵ȥȥСӶʲôֶûмģ򲻵ѲáģƾϸҶõľ顣ŮˣŮϲװƵˣװԽ˧Խϲظ֪ɣ㿴˼Ǳװġһ䡮Ҫ磬ֻǴ˵֪ס˶Ůˡ
ʱκ˹˵ϸ磬СǱߡͦеġ
ϸͷ˵ߣǹȥ



һʮ 
ע⵽κִżֻװûп
ڣǼ˳˹ҪԼʲôˡҲãȻҴ⣬Ǿˡֻǲ֪ʲôϸ磬ô
أ߸ͲһİɡǸϴ֮󣬾ûˡѵ׷ˣ
ţϸѾ˸ǰ
Сӡ˵ʶǱŮϸʵ
ڲݵûж۾˿ϸһˣ˵ʶɡ
Сͦקϸ㻰㻹ڵϻػϸһ20ͷӺʵ
Ӵԭϸ簡һϻ̳Ͽֵ˵ϸ磬㿴ⲻ֪㰡ǸǸ˰Ȼֶκ˵㿴°ġϸҲ֪ǰ˵һҲȥӭϸ粻ǡ
κֺһû˵ϸǹһЦ˵λֵܿˡҽϣϾͺˡʲôϸϸģ˲ǡ˵ֵܰȻʶλŮǵϢһ£Σ
Ϊѵ˵ʵ֪Ҳࡣ˵Ůûͬ⣬ҲðǵϢ㰡
ɫһ䣬˵ô˵ֵǲԸˣ
Щֵ̿˵ϸ磬ҲǲԸ⡣ֻ⣬ȷð찡
ð죿ð졣20ͷ˵꣬Ҫǰ֡ǽð취
С롣˵ٴˣûмġȻλֵܲ˵ǾԼķȥԲԣֹ̧20ͷǿӵĶ
Ȼֶ˵ֵӦҲϲŮɣȻҲǹˡ
ٺһЦ˵Ů˭ϲءûʲôŮǰ¶ϸа취Ȼˡ
ҲǹһЦ˵ǣǡ취κӦѾ˵ˣŮǰһǶŮǰ¶ˡ˭ܲŮĻģҪƾˡô𣿡
һԥҧҧ˵Уֻǲ֪ʲôӵı
ܼ򵥵ġʼʱȻ֪ˡ˵꣬æκʹһɫСӺòײŴӦɲˡȻֵȥʲô취ӽˡ
κֵͷȻϵ˼ҪȺȥɢϢðѱʵСûзڵĻᡣ
ǵСžȻȴװûпȥڡ˶࣬źֱѸԼĴֽĿõ¶
˵Ǳһʲôߣǹȥ
˵ǱҪʲô˼ӣҲȥ
ߣȥ
κֿĴ֮£⸽οͶ֪һϷɿ׷Χ˹ȻҲע⵽ߵ
飬ǱߺʲôֿɿҪҪҲȥʵ
ǾͲȥ˰ɣʲôÿġ
ӨϸĿ˿Ⱥеķ˵ҲǱߡ
һҲȺеķϸȥ濴Сӡ
ôﶼǸСӡֹһȻ˵Ҳȥɡ
£ŮͬʱһԴĶС˼
Ů˼ҲȺ£
һֱע˵ĶҲ߿һ󼤶ŮԼĿдųݵ񡣵ǸʱŮΣҲǲܰ
鼸ŮȺվ֮һ˵λοǣҺáҽϣʥ档ոʶλֵܣĵΪͶԵһʱ𣬱ĵطһˡλʱʹһǵĲУɺð
ոΧ£οһȻбɿ׷׺
ðǸУҪʲô
УǴУ֤ƽ
ҪʲôϽʼ
οǣϻӻ֣˵ллллңǵıʵܼ򵥡Ǹո뵽λƶ⡣˭ȴ˭Ĵ𰸸á
ãȥ˼ӡ
ⲻǺڴ
ϼοǵķӦôңҲǷǳ˷ܡʱǡǲ֪ŮûпԼı֣
ţϱװվķ򿴹ȥλŮµĿʱ͸Ӽˡ˵Ǿƣ



һٰʮ ôϲ
ƣ
ƴʱҲЩû뵽ô֡ԭΪϺСӵˣЩԸ
ǳҴӦϵ롣۾˿ܵοͣһˡԶ￿£
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ѹĶʾҰһЩϲѼĲС°ĸоˬ̧ۿǰװһ˼ģƬ֮һ˵ˡλϸˡ
ΧοʹʱҲѶҲλƬ֮䣬ܳʲô
Ŷһ̬ЩݸѾ׼õĿƫƫҪװֳʱ⡣
ưΧο͵鿴УΪ⡣˵ǴҶ֪Ĵϲ£ֱǣ
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ҵҲĴϲйأǾǣλĴϲ֮ǰ֮󣬷ֱ֣ϲ±ɴϲ¡ڿʼλ˴𰸾ֱ˵ǴУ𰸺ϲʡ
ƵĻܵοͱۿˡ
˼ʲôֲϲ±øϲأ
λ򵥰˶̵ʱ侹Ȼܹô˼⡣
ǰ룬Ӧüʲô֣
ۣܵиӵ⡣ԼҲǷǳ⣬ĥ˺ܾòĥġúʡ
϶ο͵ҲǷǳ⡣۵Խ֤࣬ҶԽȤǴԼ˵𰸵ʱЧȻҲԽˡ
οһ֮϶Цֵܣ˼ˡѾдӦˣҾȻشˡ
һơƳ⵹Щ⣬ȷǳ˼֮û֮ǰشΪѾµϵĴ𰸡
Ȼȷе˵ǶԼĴ𰸡ȻˣǾȻشˡʱԼٸһתۡ˵ȻװװƣΪôҲø˼᲻ǡ
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Χ۵οһʱۿˡ׷˼ţӦü֣ϲ֮£ɴ֮¡
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ǰɡȡĺãءϽĴӦ
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ǰԽԽȤˡ
΢΢һЦ˵
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ҹڣʱ



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Ȼɴϲ˴󱯡ȤȤ
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С˵ĺãǻֵȷ
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ȻСӮϲ󱯿ɱϵ˼ˡ
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ȴ˵˵ҾӮʵҪҪǣǴÿһ㡣ڶ⣬òã
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˵ĶԻСûο͵ע⡣
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ԶԣӦýô˼ɽء
ƺʱһΪСʲôԭأⲻ
һϻʤȴ˵̫ļˣ⻰û˵ءλɲ˵ģעġȣǽ߲ˣⲻǰ֣ӦǸ֣УŶԡΣ촩£ңɡҲǶһ٣б޻Ŷԡ͸ˣ˵СӦ÷ˡ˵СӶȻ
ۿС˵úá
⻹˹ˣֽȻ෴Ľ;Ȼ˵ͨ
̫˼ˡұð
ڶ˭Ӯˣ
ӦСɡɱɽõöࡣ
֧СӮ
⡭˵ЩΡΪƾܹϻʤȴľ档
ҲǰսȭͷС˷ͷ
ƿ˿ʱںο˵ЦС˵֣СеаšٱȥѾûˣ˵ٳͷҪ
ü˿ֿ˵ĿƺҲڿǱߡǸС˼²ɣ
漴ͷҲС˵Ǿ
˵˵Сȴ˸УͲˣ
ˣҲֵС
漴ⳡ͵
ˣ
οȻûпֻ˼ѾˣܲǿҪ˼ұȲǡҲɢȥˡ



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οͽɢȥ鼸ŮһкҲȺ߿ˡ
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˵꣬Ҳ뿪ˡѾһϵ˺úõͿˣʲô˼˵˺Ƕ಻ãǲǡ
ѾˣοǴѾڳˣ϶һЩĥţǲӦȽũַׯ֮ĳ
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ˮѾ죬ʮʱͿոˡʱǲոˮĻᣬЩũײɶģ
ڴŮҲԽԽˡ˵ǣСϵǳõ壬ҲүҲҪˡӿũׯƻзǳҪһԱԺũׯ£Ƶȫ
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̶̵ʱ֮ڣѾðô뷨еǳˡ黹Ƕడ
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ޣǰɡˮѣȻЦô𡣡Ůǽ쵽ķʽ϶ԡ
ӨһЦ˵ѽǳ֮ĪҪͳɡ
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500ˣһϲⲻ˵ѾõĿռڿʵˣ
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սռ䣬ͶС˵ߣȥéݡ
éǰȲĴ̳ϵͳմϵͳһϵͳϢ͵˳
ϲ㣬ֵѾﵽһռҪ500ѡԿռ֮Եռ̳ϵͳͬʱﵽ
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̳ϵͳ·ֵʾֵʾΪ520
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СˣûӰ졣ռʱ򣬿ռĶֲһ飬Ҷ뵽˯Уʧȥһи֪Ҳᱻͳռ䡣
⡭һæʵҪ೤ʱ䣿
СЦ˲صġռʱ򣬿ռʱ򽫻ᷢı䡣ռ侭һΪḶ֮́󡣶˵ʵֻһ˲䡣Ҳ˵ڿ˿ռ˱ͳռԺ󣬾Ϳٴνռ䡣Ǹʱ򣬿ռѾ׺ɣҲԭĿռˡ
һ㶣漴ЦС䣬ռִϲ£ô˵ôء
Ц֮Ҳɵٴθпֻһ˲䣬ռȴѾ׺ɣ⻹Щ˸С
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һ֮˲ص档˵ˣС䡣Ҫռˡ
Сͷõģˡ
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Ѿ˳׼ٴν뵽ռ֮Ʋסľϲԭһ˿˸ҲʧʵҲûбҪ˸УΪռ䲢ǻ
ӭ㣬ˡСߡ
ϸĿ˿С䣬һԭȣûʲô仯ЦС䣬㻹Ǻԭһûʲô仯
СҲЦǵģˡҵģᷢı䡣ǿռٴҲһ
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СҡͷûУֻǸо˯һʱռѾڵģ
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ںΧһƬݵأҰҰضǡ͵һƬ˵ҲԼռҰҰˡ
ڿռĶȻһɽֻǱԭɽҲ˲١ɽִͱڡȻѾ˰ƺĥǲҲɽɽˡ
ȻɽİɽԶ˼зչǱռٶμ˭֪ʲôء
ţͽɽˡǵԼȡ֡
ռһƬγɵءʮģǲСֻڻû뵽ʲôãҲʱȥ
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ոЩǿռԵı仯Сı仯Сʹ¿ռ֮ԭĿռ䣬ȥһС硣
ȻҲһЩûб仯ĵطռéݾûб䣬һõӣƺһݶûбЩƣǰѓéݲݵЩݣ²Ҳ
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ˣռСһЩܵȥˣָոպûпǡ
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գ̳ϵͳϵĵһϵͳϢ
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ڵֵֻ20㣬ֵ300˵ڳ齱ҲҪÿ1ֵ
ȡ˳齱ֻ20ֵܲ齱ˡ
˽Ĳ֮˳̳ϵͳٿ˿µĿռ䣬Скռȥˡ


һٰʮ ӵļ
ռ֮󣬼ʱ仹磬򿪵ԣ׼½ʫЭȥ
Ѿ10ˣ⼸춼ûе½ʫЭҲ֪ԼġӽսȥûС
ӦûУսȥˡ׺Ԫ춼ûзӦӦû绰ѯʵġ
뵽֮󣬡ӽȻһǸĪǲ׼Ԥѡ׶Լ鷳ˡҲãԤѡ׶ξͲٻʫˡ
ںΧܾϣԽԽãȤ
㣬鼸ŮҪʡȥˡصԣڼһӡָˮװһᵽȥǡ
ǰһ񳵹ģʦҲʥһڵʱÿ鼸ŮҲһ·
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绹ȡЦӨΪ˼ˮͶЦôȴǱӨҪˡû취ˮǲмҧһ֮ͷ˼ľ
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ڲòϣҲһ㡣ԺˮδؾͻС١ϾԡҪɲ֮һ
ӨӶЦƺ뵽˻龰ҲΪİеĴӵݸŮֵ֪ĺãҲԲһ˰ɡ
Ůϳ֮ڵУ񳵻ʻʥ塣
ϵ޸ǳŮ뿪֮ǫӺߴ
תһЦ˵ϸȡЦˡˣϸ硣25֮ǰ깤𣿡
ǫͷԣͣͰ칫¥Ѿϡ޽ũׯţԼׯֱ߾Ƶĵػо޽Χǽ
ЦϸˡȽ֮ۿһúúúһ
ǫҲЦȻٷСӿ

ʱһȥˮҲһһӳ졣ڣڵ˿ոʱˡũׯĵһ׶ν裬Ҳ뵽ĵʱ׶Ρ
822ա
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ѾԶСѾͷЩͷֹۣѾͷԽԽˡҸᡮһˡ
ˣȥ￴һﹲˮܹ1ĶңӲԶ
ܿ죬͵˵һ⸽ҲûʲôӣΪʲôжأҲ㲻ܹ10Ķһɴ10˼ҹͬӵС
ҵĶǡ룬ϸ￲վϸ۲һ£ͷȷѾոˡ
ˮһ֮Ϊӡһ֮Ҫũ֮һ⼸̫ܴǴӵʱѾ½˿ʼˡ
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Ҳũׯ깤֮󿪴򡣴ȫһһҪҪͶԴһ㶼ң֮໥æŴ
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Ӷڴ˵һܺ˵һ԰żĴһڴӵ㡢׽Ϻæòֺܼ񵽲ҰѼȡһЩˮǳ׽
Сʱͦϲӵģ֣档
վߣСʱӵĳϲԾ¶΢Ц



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ڶ￴һȥ￴˿࣬ȫոˡ
ûлؼҡŹ滮õũׯԵתһȦڣΧǽѾ깤Χǽ1׶ߣȫʯˮɡ
ʯɣȴǷǳι̣ҲһζΧǽܿһʯɵȤͼЩͼûоӹԵȻ
ȻΧǽġοũׯķΧΧǽҲȫΧ£ģһһɵġȲӰǳУҲûƻӵ
ΧǽڡڵʩҲѾɡڣһֹ˻ĹһֹѾʼ峡ˡ
ϵչ𣿡ߵڣǫӭЦ˵
ٺһЦ˵ȻҰھﲻϸʣµĹ̿ҿɾͲøˡ
ǫҲǺٺһЦ˵ģȷвϸĵط㿴ͬø
˵꣬˾ǹЦ
Цżϸʱˣȹ죬ķӻҪ鷳ϸء
ǫҡͷ泩Ḷ́ϵ̫ˡ
ǫ˵Ц䣬ԼũׯעĿȻũׯţѾȫ깤
ź10ף20סǫĻ˵ǾԾǸ߶˴˵ľֱﵽףʹľ״ϡվ·̧ͷȥֱͬһ㡣
ԶЩٿϰξӹ·ơ˲뵽񻰴˵ͥŵ
ڴŶˣԵũׯĸʹ֣д⣬ζƮƮʣַ·֡˵һɶ칤һҲΪ
κ˿Ŷᾪ̾ѡ⼸죬ʥο͡ڴŴפãƬģŻ뵽ӵС
ôſɻ⣿ǫЦʵ
ҲЦϸŶԼ˼գǶġ
Ȼǫǵ⣬Ŷӵȷĳޡ
ڴǰͣˡ֮ͣǰǴڵһյءյرĽڵͣƽף򳡻󡣿ȥΪ׳ۡ
ũׯİ칫¥Ҳɡ칫¥㣬ײǿͷ䣬ҪοϢͽˡǰ칫Ȼǲ칫ġ
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Сǳֵ˾ͿԼЩ˼ˡ
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ڶ׶εҪǾƵ꣬ԼֲڴദطũʽķׯСꡣȻׯСҲͬסޡ
Ƶ߸ߵ·ߣׯС·ߣοǿԸѡ
֮ǰũׯһǳǾءҲ·ݵҪزҪǫĹ̶ӣСԼͿɡ
ҪأͳһĹ滮ĽԤһµʱɡ

824ա
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ȴǰѽķ׼ĸʢ׼˾ˮ͵ǿˡ
ĵص㣬Ȼ޵ͣڰʮΡ
ǫĹŶӣС֮⣬ЩСļԼҲ˹
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˶ϲЦտԽ࣬˾ԽǸˡСѾͷҲģкˣ˼۵С̲סҪһ
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ϵò֮һƬףУҿʼԲˡһʱ֮䣬ĴｻЦϡ
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Цź͹ǺһǫŹ̶Ӹ뿪ˡ
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մȭ塢ҲˡСѾͷҲں棬һһߴŹǷһû˯ѵӡҵĹӣһ߳Է
Ѿͷȥʲô˯СѾͷʵ
ҾҪȥ档СѾͷ˵꣬һǷԺȥˡЦЦҲصԺ׼緹
Թ緹һ׼һվǶ
ϰֿŰͰż˫˴ȻȻȶģɹͬʱ
ȻʮġӵҪɲ١ǰûдȻʱȫڻҪϲ١
˰ǰĴӣ֮ΪְͰ˺۵Ļᱻϰһ˴ȻʲôۣôʱȫǡְͰӶûۡ
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Сʱ֮һҴǻ磬ѾһСˡ
ѵЬҲ졣ϰ裬ֱµ￪ʼˮҴĶǳ㣬һˮԷó棬ҲԷֹˡ
СѾͷҵܺ￲ϴ֡
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һ߸ˮһ˵ϰ裬ﶼڸ̾ԽƺԽԽˡڸôˮȴһҲۣоȥҪɶˡ
ٺֱЦҲ˵ԭֻ˵ãǸ˵ǵĸˡȻϰһЦ
ҵĲֳʳΣ5ңȴ60ҡڼѾ20ףԿʼˡ
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ʱĹȥ̫Ѿ߸ߵĹաһЩοҲ½ڴҵߵС
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ĪЦֲˡһĽԻӦþͻᰲˡһֵƷԣΪƷǾġũ֮µġũڵӰĶкܴĹϵ
ŷͷĪ˵˾֪дЩɿʫʫıδرȵùҡ
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˵ĶԻûʲôӦ½Ȼ΢΢Щü˵Щͬ

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8㣬Թ緹ǿʼ
50˷ֳһߣһǱߡ
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λʦˡҪ鷳ˡĺλʦк
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Ҫ˵һ£˴ƽһǵƱȫͬ˵ĵƱ100Ʊ˴ƽˣ˫ȡ1֡
ŽҲÿһһѡܹԤѡӱˣߡÿһҪȥԴ



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˽ְ֮ֵ½ʫء׼һǶڵ4ֱһЩۡ
ڱոսҵʱǰĴ󲿷ӻ϶ǹڵ4ֱġ
ڴѾĴڵˡֻЩ䰡ķ˿ǽҹˡ
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ûж֣ǾҪͬͬˣ˵Ϊһλдũʫأ˭֪ʷһת˼дȥˡ
סաдúãһ䡮ǧǴԽԽǸо䡣
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ٺ٣¥ϣһʵѾ𣿡
4ֶˣСҲ룬о찡

ҵҲǰԵͷһְʫ컻˴죬һȷѡ񡣿˵ٷʫѾˣҲȥһ
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һǴգǧĴ졣׾䡮ʤѰˮ͵⣬ʤաաʫΪѰһõĴһĵգһˮĵط䣬ʫطš
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ǮˡѾҼСӻŷӸˣϣСԺҲһƯķӳ
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ҵ˵һ㣬ǹ˵ƷԷġ˵˵ƷһҪá
Ȼ˭ҵҪƷԲã˵ˣҲͬŷһɰ

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ںȴäĿо籾дõľ籾ŹءãҲʫʫƺĳȴץס˺ա
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⣿ںһۣ֪𰸣ֲ˵͸ĸоƺĳ

ϣһʫҲΪǴ˿۵Ľ㡣
һסǰʫһ׶ȴΪܸоʲôطܲһأ
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ʼġӡڵġַ񡣡

ܴﲻⲢҶʫϲĵƱȻѹԵͷ֮1ֵġũǲضá
ôʱڵǰһеᡣ˵硣ǰ4ֱҲ2ʤ6ֶѡõʫԸô
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֮󣬸λٴ̾ԡ
ʫȻ롶֮ͬš
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ڶ һ֦ӳǽ
6ֵĶֽҶǿҶǿǰֱУʤƽһ8֣ɼǲӦһȽҪĶ֡
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һסոչȥ˻ûƷζһס԰ֵ˼ô

Ӧӡ̦С۲ò
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ǣĳסԢ
֣ס԰ֵ˺ü飬ϵ档ʫдʫ԰԰ţϴڴʧź
ֿһ֦ǽ⣬Ե԰еİȻ⣬ʧ֮ϲȫʫ۶вΣָȤԢھʵԡ
Ӹոյġڵġ԰ֵ֣Ѿ֪пٴˡʥһˮ

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ʫڻ԰Ѱ˼ǻɨˣȴ޿κΡ׼ȥ֮ʱ̧ͷ֮䣬Ȼǽһ֦ʢĺӻ̽ͷ
ʫɨε飬˲þϲŵסңȴزס԰Ĵɫ

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ǣѾ㵵ķ֣6ֱûнҶʫ΢ȴѾ½֡
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ǴѧʷϵڰǳףдУʫץסһɲǣԿȻ裬Ȥ㷢˶˴ϲãĿᰮǳŨ棬Զζ˵Ծеһʯؽ֮ǧš
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ѧۼԪд԰ֵУʫ˽˲ڼң˵ܿ͡˵԰˰ϧ԰ڵ̦ҵ¼̤ĺۼԲŲžÿ۲ȤĬ
Э᳤ѧ΢дɫ԰زסһ֦ӳǽкԢھܹ룬Ӷʾ;Ĺ衣ɫһءһ֮䣬Χǽ԰⣬ʾһסȡ

ڶҵ΢ùڻȻͬʱҲúҡסԪⲻӦôȫˡ
СҪȵܷ֮ȥҲȷ΢˵
ǣѿʫЭ᳤ʫ˺ңҲ΢԰ֵ롶дϣʵ֮ͬ԰ֵͨӾǽһ֦ӡǽڡǽڵ԰ɫ
ͨ⡢⡣ֻõʣдʢ⡣ʫǰȻĴ⣬赲סġ㿴ǳΧǽݱڣչǰӻĶ𣿡
Ҷʫ֮ߣҲڶ߰ľͣǻܲܺúõıˣ
Īסŷ˴ʱҲüͷǲԸ⣬ֲòϣʫȷֳ˼ߵˮƽʫֻһԳΪ䡣
ڣʫͬдȴͨӾֽǶȣͬ˼˾ò˼顣
ôˣʫŵ𣿡Щѹ֣ĪһЦ˵
Ī˵ﻰʫȷҲڱŵŷ˵
˵öԡûз֣ʫȷʫ϶һ͡Ī˵
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Īһ˵۾ȷóľɽˮ԰ʫܾ׶Σʫ漰ʫ
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֪Ϊʲôоһˡֵȴֲϸ˵öԼȥַ롣
ȷͨöԼȥ޴˵ҲöԼȥж١ַǴ󵨡
ַǷǳƿصģҲá˾ѧҲѧ
ǰַһ˿ƫͻЦ󷽡
˼ˣΡһһӾЧȴͬ˳š
һסһס԰ֵҶǿˣӦεƣ

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ͯҪסԼϴλã༸Ҫȡ֮
ʫ˵ǱȲͯ飬Ǿֻڷ˿ϳͯˡ˿ʷ˿ʲô˶Խ뷲¥ġ
¥ھڶࡣʹüС졣
ĳƷͷдķ˿ӿ롣ӴĻ£ʸ뷲¥ķ˿ԶԾͻöࡣСȻͿˡ
ڣʫ͵ȵĻˡ
ʫľ޴Ӱ죬òʫǷ׷׹ע΢΢˿Щ·˿ڹע΢֮󣬶ӵ֪ͨΪ΢˿յ㣬иһķ¥ڵǡ
·˿ڵ֪¥Ĵ֮󣬶ʾ˼Ȥ׷ҪҪ뷲¥Ȼ˼һҪͨˣʲô˶Լġ
һ·˿ǵȤЩͨճΪ¥һԱķ˿Ҳ˷ܣķ˿֯
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֪Щ֮Ǹ˷ܡȻϲͯȴЩϲͯͬһ˿֯ͬһ˵ķ˿쳣ҲֳĲܽķ˿֯ҵġ
ʫӣϲѣҲĽѡ鳤ǵ˼Ҳڲϻ磬취Ҳ㶯
˲˵ӦÿһҪţúò߻߻ܴôõĻᡣ

ʥ塣
Ҳ˸Ҷʫڸ̾Щ˶ͬʱҲһЩ⡣
ɣҸƹʫûзƷɡ
ڣûнԼĵƱѾԶԶҶǿȫȡ3ûκεˡ
ҶǿʫҲˣǷǳġĻҶǿпСͻΧ뵽ܾȻСкü֣½ۻΪʱ硣֡˵ʵҲҶǿҪ֡
һԼıû֮⣬ŷıҲ⣬ӦҲȡʤҪһЩˣֻеȵ֪𰸡
ԼС飬ֵ㿪Сı¿˿ȽϽҲġϾСˣԤѡذΧ֮ɱģûߡ
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ʱ8㣬6ֱĵĻְҲ˱Ƚϴı仯
С飺ŷսȫʤ18ּܡһֹȻҲӮˣ13ֽҶǿ˱ͬ8֣гϣ
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Сǰĳߣ뵽ֻܾͬȽ˶ʱʤϵ˭ʤ˭ߡ
˴ƽ֣ʤϵͬȽ9СĵƱ˭˭ߡ
9СĵƱͬʫЭĹٷԱͶƱ˭ߡ
Ȼǲܵģֻֿܡʫʷûгֹ
6ֱĻ7Сŷ˾ҪֱӶԻˣ˶6սȫʤ18֡ı˭Сͷݳߡ
֮ǿǿԻСǰǴڴĿ֮һͬ18֣ⳡΪСУʵǿԻ
Դˣǹٷѣǳڴ



ڶ ʤһ
95ա
ħĳסС
ŷվڴߣŴ⣬ɫء
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˵ûκεĶԹΪʲôӮأһжΪһ֡ʫʽͷŷܹӮɽٴαǡ
ֻűԽԽоӮµϣԽԽãϲĸо
֣վȲ衣½ȻһŲˮһ˵½ֻǰһмһˣûӮĿܡ½ֶӣΪҪӮҲûпܡ
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ŷ۾һͨ΢Ʊİ취ƺȷСǰСǶбʤİգǴû΢Ϻ˿ǰ֧֡
ڣԵһ΢Ϻ˿ǰ֧֣ЧΪ˿Ҫ֧֣һ㲻ֻԼͶƱǻߵһͶƱӵĻѾͶˣһҲһӣӶƱͶԼ
ѶʫʲȤͿԺѹİƱͶԼˡ
˵Īס䡢½ȻˣҲǸԵ΢ΪԼƱ翴ʫ֦ͬͬˡĻ˵ĺ£ǸԵķ˿ҲܿܰƱͶԼ
ֻӵĻ˽ĵƱ϶ࡣΪÿÿֱͶƱͶԼȻͲͶˡҪӮ¶ӦҲѡ
һ룬ŷʱϲ١߹һһڣ˵λֵ˵Ҹոǡһ˿У԰ѽʫٽһɫʫ
ĪЦͶˡˣȵܾʱͲˮˡ
漴˷ֱһ΢Ϣ˿ǽΪŷͶƱ

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ŷΪ˽ı͸Խȴ˿ûаѱϡ
Ѿɷȫˣ쿪ʼڵػڹϰһʱæСѾͷȥһѧУ
죬СѾͷҪѧˣҪȥѧУȻֳһˮֻæڸѧû˵仰úź
СѾͷѧˣҲζٽˡƽʱοӦûһˣĩοӦò٣пܱڶࡣΪƽʱˣֻѡĩˡ

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Īסŷ硢䡢½Ȼ˺ųơʫ١ӵеķ˿Ȼ١˵΢ոһ£ͱٷ˿ˡ
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Ȼǰ粻΢ҲġʫдǺãǼҰҲ
ѾǰȫͬѧȥͶƱˡ
ԣȥߵͶƱǽȫȡ3ְ֣ܻ񡣡
Ī׷˿ǰ󡣽ʫٵķ˿һңǵ
ͬ⣡˿ҲȥĴһƱȡӮ
Ȼˣôٵ½Ȼ˿ءһս

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ȻʫõϢͯȻҲõϢİɣѾжˡǸʲôŷҪǶء
˵鳤⶯ѸѽһΪʫҪԼء
İɣһңʲôŷӮˡ
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95գ630֡С7ֱʼ
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ϰףǿ˭ʵûн˵סԪ֪ʵ˭
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ԪϾҪʼˣ˭ʤ˭ĿԴ
ͬʱ֣ࡢںȨ顢ֺҲѾڵǰڽⳡ֮սҲǳĹע
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ˣ
ڵǰ˶Ǿһ񣬲ԼͬĽ棬ĬϵĵһСлС顣
ڵСмıʽŷǿǿԻ
󣬶ŷңмһĺġVSŸۡ
ֶ֧ŷˣѡȿʫ֧ˣҲѡȿұ߶ŷʫ
ҶѡȿԷˮ׼
ţŷסպȻ֮֮ǰƷҪٰ߳Ե޵
ҲͷŷȻûʧʫԿˮƽʫٵȷ鴫
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ŶԵⳡųǿԻı
ȫҿŷġպ֮󣬶ǰԵͷ
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Сɲ¶ǣͷ
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Ҳ˾Ȼѡͬһģдյĺ֪֮ɺϻ⡣
ԪЦɺϻ⣬һԾעΪʫʷϵľԾ֮һͬģͬʫƪĳɲ
һסСءһסպͬд죬ͬдⳡעߵı˸Ŀ㡣Ҳѹڿ˫Ʒ֮󣬱֮ԭԵø˷ܡ

ŷʫҲǳһôɵ飬ѡһġСءŷʫȻͬдĺ
סպʵҲòһ䡣ʫῪԼƹʫ⣬õƷˡ
ʫСƷ֮ǰԼƷҪϲ١
ʫٵˮ׼ԵͷʫˮƽԽԽ˷ܡ

ŷȻҲڵһʱ俴ʫ
ѡͬһģҲǷǳĳԾԾ֮ûж뷨ͬһĶ֣ѡͬһʫ顣ǲǵһ飬Ҳһ顣
Сءϸϸ˼飬̾һͬдվǱȲ
Īװοֲ⣬ϾóġҶסպǷǳߵġ
ҲֵʫҪСѷһյĽ᲻ڵƱҧ÷ǳ
½Цֺα⣬ʫʶǵˮƽӦףǡĪּصƿǲ٣ǺһΣ
⣬֣ߣĪͬʱá
ŷ֪⣬ҲȻͬ⡣

Ƕŷ磬ԱȱԵñȽϵȻ˫ķ˿ǾͲôˡ
һߺѵΪԼżƱһطੲݡ
ƷҲʼ֮ǰһΪжء
Ʒȷƺв˵ǵġСءǵʲôպѽ
У˵þͺð֪ʲôС޵һ޵ڶ𣿲֪ĻϽؼȥɣ
ǰͽӲ֪֪ԼƷȷǲУƫƫҪţҶż
ǷϻôʲôЦĲʤڵƱϳǾͿˡ
ǳƷȲ𣿡

Է¥ʫΪ׵ķ˿ǣȻռһϷ硣ȻڵƱȴûʲôƣĵƱһֱҧúܽ
˫ķ˿Ƕżһ߼﹥ԷͼҶԷľġһץסһԴƱ
Щ˿ʱ͸ˬˡ
ǾʣǿǿԻ
ٺ٣˫ķ˿һƱһ߿սȤǰֿɴûгֹ
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ڻ˵һʱ仹磬˫Ʊ̫СһҪѡĻһ
Ҳѡǰ漸ʫӰ̫һǶŷȲ˵ġӦûԡ



ڶ ˭ʤ˭
ɽѧʦᡣ
ڵǰż˫ĵƱѾȻ׶ΡȻʱ΢ȣбŷ練Ŀܡ
ʵһ˭ˣӰ쵽ߡ˫ȴûԸⳡ
üͷϸķһպòϣȷһƪƷ֮ġСء಻̫ࡣ
˽Ҫԭ򣬾ǶŷһƷ֮ǰֵƷҪ߳١һ־ϲĸо׷װƱͶ˶ŷ硣
ֻӨ绰Ө΢ϱ̬֧һԥ֮󣬻ûдȥ
ΪҶ֪ӨĳáʦƷ΢ϣ֧ڲμʫСܻһЩ˶ݵĲ롣
ҲӨʼûйֹ֧ԭ
ЩεֹˣдʱͲ֪ʹһô
һӨʱҲǷǳżҲҪԼķ˿ȥ֧վǷˡţʤһ
硢ҲˣͣƱǵܹһЩĺ΢˵һ䣬ڲμʫСǿѰٵظ硣
ţ֪ظ硣ĵƱԻ˲䱩ǣֱǰʤ֡Ҫ֪ڶ˶ڴظٴγءôʱظϢ˴ûжϹ
Ȼ֪һϲַʽΪƱҲֻﰵż

ǣĳסԢ
ϼһСʼͲͣ˵ʫͱǸŷãΪɶƱأǧҪ˰
֣ЩεЦЦ˵㵣ʲôƻ׶ֳġ˵ˣҲӰߡ˭һֱʤأ˼ҶŷҲǿ汾Ӯġ
ϼ֣˵̾Ͳˣͷƽʱ˵ʲô֮ȥʥ壬˼ôд㣬ʱ߲ˡˮڣ˼Ҷпˡ㵹һ㶼ż˵ʲôҲ
ӣֻ֣пЦˡ

˶ΪżȴһҲżʱûйעԼŷıµڿС
㻹˵һƷձǰҪá֪ǲǴҲһֵƷŷ̫Զ׷óԼõƷ
ǲԭ򣬶ڹʫʰ˵һѵõʢ硣
ҷһƷձ鶼
ǰոһֱڹעŷ˵Ʒʹѽ
ÿһֵƷһһǾ̫ˡ


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ֺֿ̧˿ʱ䣬ü˵Ϸ750Ѿ𽥱һƱҲͶȥɡ
ͷ̾͵һɡ
ԭһƱһͶġӲԷΪʤöûзʱ䡣
ֻǿϧŷĵƱûһֱҧס750ֵʱͱ࣬ǲòǰƱȫͶȥ
ҲȲʱ̣ʤѾǰˡ
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ڣڶŷƱ£ֺһͶƱҲֻΪǶŷ˿һǿƷỳˮν֪
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ķ˿ڽ50֮Ҳ
ڱˡжŷСӻѲ
Ӯ˾ͺá

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ѽѽҧȥ10Ӿͽˡܹҧƽ֣ҲǿԽܵġ
ˣϽ취

ʵʱ˫ķ˿֪ˡֻǶŷķ˿вʰˡ
вʣʱҲֻܿŵƱһҲûκεİ취Ϊ뵽İ취Ѿʹùˡ

Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ǣԭѾĶŷĵƱȴʱͻȻʱ˫ĵƱٴ١
һʹ˫˾Ǵһ
֧˴֮󣬾ɫһ䡣ʲôԷôͻȻ֮䷴˵ô
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ǿɶ񰡣ķ˿Ǿŭӡһʱ֮ȴ벻ʲô취ֻĿŶԷĵƱһ׷ʱҲѾˡ
ŷķ˿ڴ֮ȴϲƺлᰡ
ȻҲ֪ƱΪλͻȻˣֻҪյĽǲȥеԭء



ڶ ʤ
ŷıʱҲѴ˷ܡ
ѽѽӦô򿪵ķʽ
һΪŷķ˿ءڿ˼һкְ
ʵǿǿԻͣ˫Ǻġ

ⳡ˭ʤ˭ǶԽܡƷҪڶŷ磬Ӯ˱ȻӦŷΪƷԲһȴԺ൱ǾǶŷӮˣҲǲġ
ֻʣӣʱԵ˶ڹעŷı˫ķ˿Բض˵Ҳۼ֤ⳡСʼǿԾĵ
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˫ĵƱҲڲϵı仯ʱţ˫ĵƱСֻ1000Ʊ֮˿ǵĶɤ۵ʱֹͣ˼Сơ
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ڻ𡣡ŷ̾һҲû̫ĲǼǰԻᱩסЩв֮⣬ûʲô
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ʫЭҲͬ˶ʫǺңԪ˱Ҳʫģֻûҡ
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ΪԼõʫҪһԼΪõĶҲͬͬС
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Ҳûڼ֣ǹүһŪ˵үΪ͵߲˺ˮԵʣڵǰ˲٣ĿӲʣҲ˼һæǡ
˵ӻ˵˳үƾˡΪǴСõ飬ΪũׯѾ𽥽ɣӻʱ
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үҾҵĶ棬мһֻһڰᵽ˴סʱõ΢һЩ
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ǵĻ6뵽ʡǣڹѾϵصĿͳˡ11ҵɡ
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үڳ׼緹ȻԺ
үһ㶣漴æת߳ЦЦҲ˳ȥ
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ѹŶ㻹öѧϰѧϰ֪ʶ
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ԽԽԶ˵ˡ

һ磬ŷũׯΧתһ߹۲ũׯһ߸ũׯδĹ滮ڼ䣬һЩͻشŮЩˣԺ󶼻Ҫ֡
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ĵ̭˸ãø󡣡ȴ˵Ǿף˰ɡ
˵˾ǴЦһٴξٱ



ڶһʮ ˭Դģ
ϣԹص򿪵ԣ׼һԼһ̭Ķ˭
ΣеӡСڰСߡʵСڶݽܾ
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۲ݣǲʫʣ۵ӣҲǷˡ


ܴۣСʱʱҲһζǻ΢ЩҡͷĽԼƷύȥǼǰֹڴˣͽȥаɡ
ʱ7㣬ҶѾǳϤ˵ıٴγ֡
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ҵͷ˵еӲӰ쵽СӵĵƱɡһֵĶֿ䡣
üȷܡʫҲǷǳģȻ֮ʫв磬ʫУһͶСܶ˿ܻƱͶʫ
ҡԪҲü˼ֱ̭ôҪҪԽи棿ƺҲף˼ʫҲǲģҲûΪĻǲƽġ棬͸ƽˣһԽ⡣

ħĳסС
֣ĵƱڱСӸ߰ϲˣһֺпܽĪЦ
ȴЩüûΪԼĵƱʱе˷ܣ˵Ī֣֮ǰȷҵʫġϸϸƷס˼֮ҷʫίζַҵʫв簡
Īҡͷ֣Ǳʫʼ͡ʫޣѲ⣬ƱĴʱǲпġ˵֮ǽʫͺܲĻϵġӮҲġ
ŵͷ漴ҡҡͷ˵ڱſʼã˵ӮΪʱ硣
֣ٻӮϣǾҪֹڴˡʵȻ֮ϣ֮ǰ΢Щֹˡ½ȻЩɬ˵
ŷ簲οڱûнһжûնۡ˵ˣҲֻ֤ʫѡ½ĪҪ˴ͷɥˡ
½ȻЦַģʵҲҵ֮СԭҲֻһˡˣ껹Ҳʹ˳ٵġ

ǣĳסС
׺ΪˮȴɽơȡλعˣԵ޵ԵòϣʫдáʵȻǿĿ¡
ԽԽܼҵĶ־ԽǿĶ֣Խ˷ܣԽܸҸУԽҴǰõƷ
ڶԺֳڴңһǻύֵġ̭׶ûϣǵǿ֮Ҳύֵġ
ȻǰǶܽǿһǿģ
˿˵ĵƱЩΣСӰҪдôһֱ̭ɡĻ̫źˡ

ЩźһЩ˾Щֻˡ
Цãð벻ֳ֣СӾҪ̭ˡ
ֺ뷽ͬЦôãǿĽˡ



ڶһʮ ׺Ϊˮ
ɽѧʦ¥
ҧ´Ȧ΢΢Щ죬ڸضϢ
ΪոյһĶϢʦʫҲдġ
һڣȻɫ΢΢Щ죬ȻǸոǸģˡĶϢȴصģдʲô˿һֱˣҿô죿
ʥ塣
յصĶϢ΢΢һЦ룬ָ鷢һϢȥ
ڵĵƱʱ飬ƺûзϡȷûзϣΪĵƱһᷴġ
ǰԪ׾Ʒģ׸ʫ֮һֻʱ֮ˡ

ģ¥ķ˿ļ١
¥ô찡ⶼȥ20ˣƱǱͣƺơʫ鳤󽹼˵
ͯ鳤ҶҲƺȷЩ鷳ǰΪͯʫĴЩˣƺҸȼļ󡣡
鳤ȷЩһ˵ǵ϶ˡѾʼɿ𹥻ʫˡһľǲǼԣ˴ܹ˭أ
¥¥ַɷҪǴڲ̫ʫ˼Щпɳ֮ոѾϵˣǲصģЩٴαǾͳȫǺˡ
ӦηأҶ塢ͬʱʵ
ͿҪʼˣҵſϷˡһθǳַ֡ɴ

ЩһֱڰǰȴֲǼԣҪŻˡһֵĲƷ˼֮󣬹Цһֵʫʲôʲôдʫ̫ӣдһҪסѣͼɻءǿɶ񰡡ҵƭѣ
ǣһҸȼǵĻǵ˺þáǰʫȻҲһЩȽĵطʫȫͷԡǵȵľĻᡣ
ˮ֮һʫ󣬱ȲĿʼڸ̳ˡ
һֵƷֱ߰㣬ʲô׺ɽѽ֪дӵʫʲôϵڶЩǰЩʫǲ˵ƷˣҪȻΪλôأ
¥ϵֵ˵ĶԡڸͶƱעˣдʫ͹ʫдôҶҪסǡΪԼļʶſʵ˾дġƭǣҲҪͶƱˡ
ǣҶעˡǿĶһʫдöãֱǰӰȥˡҶƱͶ䣬ƭǵ̭

ĻԽԽ࣬ùҲЩɻȻдһƭǣʫôЩɶͷȴġȻԽԽ̾ϢһƱͶ䡣
Ҳ˵ĵƱ࣬Ƶԭ򡣾һЩѾƱͶˣҲ룺ѵһֵƷĸãţҲȷܡʫ֮һʵҲǺǿġ

ȻҲеѶʫҲв֪ʶϸƷζ֮ڷʫľǾϲĴһȴ̲סۿôôˣЩ˶Ӷʫ𣿡
һѶˣȻͻеڶĸ
Э᳤ѧʱҲһ΢׺ΪˮȴɽơԴӼ׺ˮ֮طˮѳ֮Ϊˮɽ֮⣬𴦵ƾѳ֮Ϊơ
׺֮ˮӡϡںΪˮɽ֮ơƸ򡷣ɽ֮֮衢ΪơĺΪꡯΪɽ֮ΪŮ죬Ԩïɘt
ʫø߾ַʣʫСӼ겻塢ĵ⣬¶⾳ԶҼдõʫû֮һ
ʫ˰Ҳдʫõʣ׺֮ˮ͡ɽ֮ơԼİӣίȴֿȡλعˡǴݺݺĻ߹Ҳûͷȥٿһۡ˾ҲǸӣĻʧֻڼͻ֮ޡ
֮⣬½в΢ϣԼʫĸ

һͨϰ壬Ҳһʫʰߡ
ʫῪÿ°֮ǴҴһص򿪵ԹۿŶּҵʫʱÿÿһʫʣϰƣĸеһ˿ɡ
ʫʵĸо
˷ʫ˵УϲڴľƷƷǳ׶ȴ⾳ģ˻ζ
˵и˿֯¥Ҫ뷲¥ҪͨˡҲУֻϰ̫æûü롣
һʫȴЩסϵЩۡȥЩˣȴֲ֪ηܿʫ
ǣʱ̹עţЩǰƷ΢ϣҲܶʫԽͷ֮
ȵˣ΢
΢ϸ꣬ڻȻԭ׺֮ˮɽ֮ơȻĵʡʫֱַǸ߾дһ黯ַֻЩϺëˣһȺɶļһ
ʱȫȻ˻в١
Щʫ˻ڼȻԼĿеУûע⵽գѾķı䡣



ڶһʮ תȡʤ
׵ҵ΢һ֣֮ǰûʫǶʱȻ
һЩԭƱͶȴΪܵϹʫ۵Ӱ죬תƱͶ˱˵ˣǺڲȺϺëļһûаƱͶõƷǿɶ񡣡
ʱЩۻڼǶʱͷŭˣ׷չ
ˣǵİϷճˡںܻǲǸг𣬹ˮ
˵ʲô˼дһҪɻءԼ̵Ϳڵ㡣
ҹЩһǰЩˣôˣǲ֪ڸģҪ˰ɡ
ǿɶ񰡣ĵƱĵôࡣﻹƱǸϽƱͶ
ǰҪ˱̭֣ıͿʫˣǾ̫źˡ
ҲҪżҵƱûͶҾ֪ʫ϶һ㣬ƱһֱûͶ룬ȫһһ뷨ˡڣǿʼɡ
̫ˣͿǵˡ


ˮڸ̳ͣĸճۣЩۣȷԵӰ쵽˲ٵѡҪǣ۵Ӱ£ĵƱ˲࣬Ѿֵ̭ϣ
ˮһǰδеĸɹĿУдʫǺţǰҵǴúھҪ̭ˣһڵǰļ٣ȴֺް취ɡأҲҪǡǲǸһѻѣʫ̫ãǾҲûط˵Ҫ͵ĪҪװƣװ
ˮ뵽Щڹˣ뷨Ҳˮࡣ
ֻڣԽԽЩԾˡ֮ǰÿһӷȥҪôûʲô˻ӦҪôһЩ֮
ڣÿһ˲ͱӱ¥ˡ
տʼǻΪ֧ǵԽԽ࣬˷ܵʱͻȻЩݡʱһѪЩȫǹǸֳЦ֮
ˣ֮ǰЩҲһ˸ˡ˵Ҫǽ
ɰʵһһ±ƣʲôողǻúõ𣿡
ڣڡġѵ£Щҵ΢ʱ;һתͬ˺ݺݳһӣѾЩվˡ
̶̵Ƭ֮䣬ȴѾϵ¡ɱǣƺ˵ĳЦ֮

¥
ͯ鳤Ҷ壬ֻЦ¥˵öԣȻǳ֣ЩһѾˡ
鳤̾ЩǺαأһδεҲ֪ԡⴿԼǿʲôû
¥ַɵЩ˱֮ȡѵЩԹޡԵ̬ͬȻҲ᲻ͬЩԹ޵ˣעһδαȥġǿŰɣԺ󻹻ٳġ
¥˾εҡҡͷͽԼ˴Թñ˰

ʥ塣
黥˼Ϣ֮鲻
ȻҲЩۣǰĻػ
ЩˣֻܺεЦЦ׼ҲûбҪȥЩ侮ʯһȺȴеõ۵ļһѡ
Щػǣϵ˵һллԺóĺʫǶõĻر˰ɡ

ΣĵƱڿʼǱʽķ֮ĵƱѸС
¥һڷ˿ǣʱŰŵķٶȣڱǰɷӦûˡ
Ʋֹ֪ɣǰ׵һ
ҡסԪҲǰһǸˡҲǶԽеΪˡȻ˵ѽܣʫȷʸ
ʱȷЩʧҲΪΡڱеڣ˵̬˸ı䣬ҲѾʵ֮ϡԾʧҲǲԽܡ
ֹڴˣɡֹͬڴ˵Ļ½ȻĵƱԽԽۿ׷ˡ
ֿϧİҡͷȷֲֻʰˡ
ֺ뷽һۣоǲʺɻ󣬡ΪʲôÿεĽֶ
˸˼䣬ڶ̭
ڱǿƱתȡʤɹ16ǿһס˼ΪѣĿеɷ׸İӡ
һʫҲעԺ᲻ϵıУΪɷľ֮ʫ
⣬ҲѹĽĪסŷҲսʤԼĶ֡
ˣټһ룬ֻʣ16ˡ16ˣ콫ƴɱ8ǿϯλ



ڶٶʮ ͯһ
911ա
δıǿתԼһס˼ľǽֵ
ȫͯԼһЩļҳڽ쿴һ˷ޱȵϢ
ȫͯ־Ȥζͯٷ΢һϢ
ȫĶǣһڣ915շۣġȤζͯʼ½ͯʦƪƷһèΪﲻһľʹ¡ڴ
ȤζͯѾȫأͻ200ᡣȫضӵ˲١Ȥζͯʵߡ
ǰĶ֣Ķͯ־ϴͯ糤ʺκ󶫼ʱ̬ԡڵķչҲҲͻ150ᡣڡȤζ֮ͯ
ʺκ󶫰ңҿûиԼȤζͯ˺Ȼڵָʲôء
ҪƷϢ˲ͱͯԺҳϴõϢ˾˷ܲѡ
ôڵȵƷˡȤζͯҲģԤֶûУⲻ𣿡
ֺֻ֪¸èĹ£һʲôأڴ
ٺ٣˺ͱèʼPK֮ƺȥ˲ٹèµа
㻹˵ô˵øлడ
л࣬ҲøлҾʦԴӺʼPK֮ƺͻĳƿڵƷǰˡ֪ǲҵĴ
ӦòǣҲʦڵƷǰˡ

ǵĲ²ʵûдèɳǡ͡˺ͱʼPK̬ȷһЩ΢ı仯ǰеάͯһ˵λļĽ⿪
ʹõĳֶҲͻԼƿƷȻǰĸ㡣ҲǡͯܽȤζͯԭ֮һ
ı仯ο˾֣ࡣ˿ͯĴ죬ǿԷĵİˡǰʥеһֱǳڴġ
ʡǣĳסС
һˮһʵƷô
൭ЦûʲôֻǺܺдһʲôȫ¹¡
᰿˿ɷ̽˵ҶƷڴƺѾڵͯһˡ˵꣬ϸ۲ɷɫ֪ɷǰͯһ˵ǿأΪϧһǰݣȥѹһˡ
ڣоɷѾˡ
࿴˿ӣĿͣӵ˼ƽ˵츳ȷ֮ϣԺĳɾҲؽԶҡͯһˣʺϡ
˫ϲɷȻѾ⿪еļԺĳɾ;ԻڸߡȲҲһϯ֮ء
룬Ժͯʷϱһϯ֮ء
ЦЦ˵ɡˣҸʱȥݷһ֣ϣһȥɡ
˵ͷ

⿪еļҲͯһ˵ĵλ
ڣټھеʫϷͷʤҪƷϢȻ˲ýĹע׷׶Դ˽˱
һЩʫſʼעˣ㵵ķ֣ʫƵƵдʫʵǸͯˣʼȻͬһˡ
ǲϲֻ֪ͯôһţˡȴţ˵ʫҲдôá
֮󣬷׷ԵЩ͹עԽţƣҲԽӲǡ
¥ڹǣȻôõۻᡣǵ֮£һ˵ĺϸ˿뵽˷¥Ĵ֮ͥС
ӽ³Ա˽¥֮󣬸Ե˷ܡǺ˼ķ˿ܼ֯иеǳҡ
ķ˿࣬ʫӰʹڻǹϵֵҲڲӡԭǺελãѾǰΣѾͻǣǵơ
һڷ˿˷쳣ҲȦ֪ȫݵӨ顢ɵ˿ЦѣСǽûʲôȤȴƫƫôɡЩҹνǣҪһȴǧѡ⻹ûȰ
ȷǶǵȼô⣬Ͼûȥǹϲ鿴ԼֵҪǵȼôִֻʦݹ֮·ǾһƬ̹;ٶವġ
ֻ׼ٶʱڲһ԰ǰһЩ͹ˡ
һȥϸɻͶ
˸̧ͷ˿գŽȥڷӵܹѾɣԳ·ȫòˡ
ϵıء



ڶٶʮһ ֵ⣬Ψʫ
911գ6롣
̭Ŀ׼ʱڻʫЭĹϡ
ԭڲ²⣬һֵĿ᲻Ҳйأ˼Эٷ׼ⷽˣǺ͵һһһͼʫ⡣
һһɽˮͼֻͼĻǳࡢʣֻǴҴҼʹһ
Զһɽɽǰϡмֻɹһͦ
һм䣬һפͣ
ݣҲһֵıĿ
ǿͼ󣬷׷²۲ѡǰⷴ˵ѻ滭ô򵥼ʣͿʲôĵط
ٷһôʵĻôҸݴ˻ʫ׵ʲô⣿
Ѵʱ˼⡣
ô򵥵ͼȻɽˮ羰ҪԪһȱֻôҲ
⵽ɶ˼ֻʫʲôʫ
˭֪أǿЩߡǴʱһɣⶼʲôĿ
ǲͦ˼𣿰Сʱ֮ǿǶʲôƷɡ

ǿסһȴ˹ٷ⡣һЦȷЩ˼
ˣĪסŷϸһĥҲˡʵʫĥһ֮Ҳ׹
Ҷ16ǿѡ֣Ȼ
ٷôҸ⻭ʫǾҪôͨʫʵĻöͨߵʫȥ⾳
˭Ʒöǿķ羰ƷȻ͸㡣
ٷˣѶȿɲСʫô𣿶һֻаСʱʱ䣬16ǿ8ǿĿϿƺǰĿףʵȴҪѵöࡣ
16λǷ׷ױĿ˼Ȼ˻Ҫ⡣
Щ̭˵ߴʱҲڳ˼Ѿ̭ⲢʫҲԼʫ16һƷжЩﻹЩء

ǿ˼ʫʱһЩҲĥ⡣
֪ˡҪͨǵʫǿķ羰
¥ϴŰ˵һǿķ羰ǾͰƱͶһߣѽ˼ѽ
Эٷˡúãд⣬Һڴ
֪λʦ⣿Ϊһޡ


ǣʫЭܲ
ҹЦϰףõǵһºǰĿûй顣
ȴЩЦǸˡЩߴʱء
ԪЦЩǴ󲿷ְɡʫȷСʱʱ䣬Ҷż

Сʱʱȷúܿ졣߶һ߸̣һ߸ʱύԼƷ
ľͰƷύȥһֵĶֽΣΪѡֱ֣ӽܾ䲻ôϤ
һ֣ĪסŷҲиԵĶ֣ûֱĻ˶8ǿ
Ŷˡ
ʱǺҡסԪˣǹǣһ񡣶ڲܹƷɶǷǳڴ
һǵûлı棬ѡȿߵʫҪѺõ
Ҳˡ
ţһʫ㲻СʱдʫҲܿɹˡҵ
16ǿѡ֣Ȼ˵ж㣬ҲõóˡҲ
ԪЦЦҲȥܹھƷ˶ҪһΣ֮ĪסŷҲҪ߳һЩЩ硣ΨһܱȵùģֻСˡһεƷ
Ԫյ㿪ڵı棬úΪ
ɽǰطɣһˮʡ
ң£бϸ겻顣
СһεдˡȴǺһĻ档
Ҳ޵ߴȻİأʹƯŽһĻȻˮˮǡȻζķ㡣ǰͰԭģĻΨбϸ겻顯ӪһˮʵĻбģϸġҡµΪʲô˹ңֻǱǰľɫǻؼ˰ɡ̶˹ң⾰ɫжСӵһַʤǧﰡ
Ԫʱ˵һ״ʰĿе̣ڲ̣ȷ򵥡Ҫ״ʺܺ⣬ȫԸ״ʣԼΨɱԱĻ滹Ҫöࡣ
ҵͷȷˣһ״ǾͲˣԼȥɡ



ڶٶʮ ˳ʫ
һֵĿ֮ƾͶԼĴ𰸳ڴڴжҪǿ
ΪæµһѾƣһףɽˮͼʫôʫһǳΨġʫƣĵõ滺
𰸳֮۾һڴһʫȥͬѡʫΪʫ϶õġȻҪõ
һ׿Ҳǲסĵͷ16ǿѡ֣ˮƽǲġǶŷ硢Īס˵ʫһ׺ùһףǰһ
ڰСʱʱдʫѾȫʫ˵ˡеٮٮߡ
ֻǵʫãȴܾòһʲô˲ܳС΢һЩźʱ̵̫ԵʡʱٶһЩӦܹõƷ
ڴƷˣƺһˮһŶʫȥ
ɽǰطɣһˮʡ
ң£бϸ겻顣
һ꣬Ƽ˫ȭһգǴʦֱʡ
ɽءˮ㡢̡б硢ϸ꣬ƿԭһģ򵥵Ļ棬ΨԽԽ
ѾɽǰһȺչ衣ˮһ۵ڷڣˮһҶСϣһŶңµ̿һСб紵ϸϸ֦ڡϸϸСˮϣһˮ֮£̶˻ؼҡֻǣڲҪؼҡ
һɵΨ̫ˣ
ѱ۾С
ʱеģԶԶֹһˡ
ġӡ򵥵20֣ͽԭ򵥡ģĻ棬һΨͼֱʣ
бϸңҷ·ܵˣǲʱȻԵá
ںһֳɹתˣȻлôΨʫȺɿļһɿɶ񡣡
Ҳȫ˼ңܹӰ죬˵100%šҾûбǵӰ졣
¥˵úҲеԺҲѡ100%ˡ


ħĳסС
һ˳Ļ棬ʫȻҪ֮ϡĪҡͷ̾ôʱıԭɵǵ㲻죬Ѿõˡ
˶̬ȣҲԭĲм⣬أٵڵһ˿͡еı仯̣Щģȴ޿κΣɬѡ
ܽ8ǿȷҪûйֻ8ǿ4ǿıĪ֣ļʺܴѽŷɬ˵
Ī׵ͷ˵Ҳãͳ׵׵ƴһΰɡʤҲãҲգѾˣ𣿡
ŷЦˣȻź浶ǹĽ棬Ҳֵˡ
֡Ī֣ı˵ٽıӦӮˡɹ8ǿҲֵصġ½ȻЦ
½˵öԡܲһء˵ɱأ˭̭˵ǺҲ˵
ĪЦ˵㻹©һˡ
ŷӿڵĪ˵ǷɣһֱȽϵ͵ʵȷǿδؾ֮¡
Ī׵ͷǡ
˵ǾͲҪ˭ǿ˭ǿˡϽһɣҶˡĪصĺþѽȾ̫ϧˡ½Ȼ˵
ĪЦ½֣ѾŪ˰ɡҿɵöһ
ŷһЦҲ첽ǰȥ

ǣĳסС
ŵĻ˼Сӡ

ǣĳסԢ
һˣĻһȻԵõ̡˼ЩĽ֣һ
漴ʣҲֻʥԴĵطˡСӸϽ޵ķУԽǶʫԽ˼ȥסѽ

סӡô˳ǱĽȻҲͲκεˡ
ԾԵƽ8ǿĪסŷҲĳɹ
ˣ8ǿıҲעӼҡ
죬8ǿ4ǿıĶֻ7е˭أķ˿ͨѣǳڴ
֮˭õ⣬չ˼ҵۡÿһиԵĵ˭Ҳ˵˭
ǿЦãȺеõ۵ļһ
Ķ˭⡣ĿܹھˣκһֶҪȥսʤġ



ڶٶʮ ׿ľдʫ
912գ10㡣
̭8ǿ4ǿķǩ׼ʱСλʫ˶ǿߣ˭˭һ飬ǶԴ˷ǳĹġ
Ϊ4ǿ֮󣬽ٽ̭ʽҲȫͬȻϣʵǿĸˣܹս4ǿ
һγǩԵ÷ǳҪˡĽǣʵǿĸ˲Ҫ໥
ֻܹа˸ˣ໥ĸʻǱȽϴġ
λߵУʵҪһЩˣȻϣʵǿܹһ顣Ľһ顣Ӳһᱻ̭һԼ4ǿļʡ
˵һγǩѣߣǰκһγǩҪš
ȻŮƺԸ˹ǡǩ¯Ѷһ
ĪףĿеǿˣȻûг໥ɱ
ĶֺȻǶŷ硣
СϣʤŷĳȻ¡ʱ˵ϣлῴٴɱڣʵˡͶŷ磬8ǿ4ǿ̭ϣٴ
ֻһΣ󲿷ѶΪŷҪֹڴˡŷķ˿ΪֻҪûнһжϣǲġ
Ȼŷ籾˿϶Ҳ
ħĳסС
ŷһǾҷſһУһɡ
һΣνӮŷ̬Ѿ׷ſ

ϱ֮ǰ֪ԼһֵĶǶŷ硣ЦЦ϶ԷҲһԵ֡
һֵĿҲекϤһ£һǰѾǳϤĹ¡
׿ľ˾İ£
׿ľ׿ŮһʫģƵٵŮӡ̾ʮᣬعѡ
һ죬ʵ˾׿͡У˾żȻ׿ľòȻĶǱ㵯ġˡ׿ľԼİĽ֮顣
ִֶ󵨵ıףټ˾Ȼ࣬ȴŻ硣׿ľҲһġ
Ȼ֮İܵ˸׿ǿӡ֮£׿ľƾԼ԰㽣׷ҸļᶨԼǷȻ֮ҹӳ׿˾˽
˽ɶΪȻѣ˵ĸȴԽԽ
Ȼþ˾ƾŻڱʶ١þӾǣ;糾Ů˾磬Ȼ֮⡣빲ƵӴ˿缺ȴ
׿ľֻڼҶؿշ֪˾Ȣ֮ʱǱʹ
Ȼ׿ľվһŻŮӡʹ֮󣬲ɷġȻдһʫ˾磬Ա֮⡣
˾ڶӵʫ֮󡣾̾ӲŻͬʱշ޼Ķ֮飬֡Ȣ֮⣬ǻؼ׿ľϴ
޶պͺ
׿ľ׸˾дһʲôʫȻܹ˾ת⡣ʷûмأΪ䲹дʫʫȴһ㡣ûбڽܺϿɡ
׿ľʫûбǧΪ֮ź̾Ϣ
һֱĿòİλߣվ׿ľĽǶȣдһʫԼȥʷûмصʫд
⡭
һǲߣѣȫǵһ
δҲ̫˰ɣ
Ҳ̫˰ɡЭٷôⰡ˵СʱˣǸٶʱ䣬Ҳδдúð
׿ľʷϲ֮һ˾Сӻ뱳ѣˡ
¥ϵģںǻɣ˾統ھ׿ľףǲΪ˼ҵǮǸʱǺġ
Ӧϲ׿ľֻǺǮ˲űĵġԹһ
⡣ǲǳ̫Զˡ
ǻعȷѣҲֻһѡֲҪдôʫ˵ֻҪʫȶǿԽ4ǿ͹ˡ
˵ҲǣҲһѡǾĿԴɡ

׿ľ˾磬û뵽һֻһ⡣
׿ľ˾Ĺ£ǰһġֻһЩϸڼأ׿ľдʫҲûб
Ȼǰ硣׿ľ˾Ĺ£һЩ˵ӹġ
˾תʫҲδؾ׿ľпǺ˶׫ġ
ʫ˭ҪǸԸʫ׿ľ
ΪֻǻۡŮӣдʫ
ڣʫᣬ磬ֲǧź



ڶٶʮ Ըһģײ
ǣʫЭܲ
ЦȻϣҶķӦе󰡡
׵ǿ϶ġ׿ľ˾֮İ£ǧһֱΪǽֵҲ˳Թд׿ľʫֻǴܸодʫ׿ľʫ˺źڣǰΪһֵ⣬ҵȤȻǷǳŨġ
ԪҲǸȤҰһЩоʷˣҲͦȤġֻǲҪߣһִҵʫӦò̫ʵġ
ҵͷǧûܹʫдáǵȻָڰСʱ֮ڣдʲôʫֻǰһĿһѶȵĿѡ
ЦˣҵͦڴġǸСӣ֪⣬ܸĴӦ
ҲЦҲڴǲҪߡϾᣬҪдʫǲܵġ

ǣĳסС
Ҫ׿ľдʫ˼Ǵѧʷϵ죬ҲŨȤ
ϲʷоʷǧ˥׿ľ˾ĹȻǳϤڹ׿ľдʫûбʷҲеǳź
ϸо׼أʷҰʷ䴫˵ȣҪҵʫ˿ȴûκεķ֡
ȻʫпܸͲڣȻͲκμˡ׿ľдʫ˵ҲǺ˵ӹȥġ
ûʫǧĹ˵һǳź
ڣʫЭǱߣȻΪĿԴ˲ŨȤȻŰλдõʫܺ棬Ƕдʲôʫ
һȫѧĽڡʦʷϵѧϵʦǣһֱǰδеȤ
Ȼǻ϶ֻǺ棬ڽȴʲôϣΪҪдһ׺ʫѣҪվ׿ľĽǶȣȥдʫҪϿɣǾͲѲѵˣǸɵġ
ȻǧʫΪ䲹дʫҲǲϿɽˡ
˵ȫ£ңͨѣֻǱһֺ̬ڵȴյĽ

ֻǴҲ֪һԭˣҲڲμʫᡣ
ԭڵ磬ҲôһĹ£ұĹ¸˾ת⣬źǧʫҲԭڵ磬ǸĹһ
ʫͷ
ڣڱһ֣һֵĴڵϡ
ɽѩƼ¡
ž⣬
նƻᣬˮͷ
ϣˮ
ิ࣬Ȣ䡣
Ըһģײ롣
ͺβκkk
жǮΪ
ԭڵʫܿͻ棬ˣΪ֮ϲ

Сʱܿȥʱߵ㡣ڵǰˣȲĿʼһʫȥ
ҡסԪһ߿һߵ
ҵ8ǿߣֻʫıǷǳġ
׵ʫǲֻЩ޲Եúܿնûʲô飬ûдС˵ʫҪһЩȻоͲ׿ľдʫ
ҼʫȻд׼ͰĴʫɡ
׿ЦֻˡֻӦûǻʧġǲӦó⣬Ͳôʧˡ
̾Ҳɡףôȫ˵ôһ仰Ҳ˵
ҡŷԪƷһ仰û˵⻹֣ɲһϲĬˡ
ͬʱԪλķȥֻԪŵĻһƺǳĳ¼С
һɻ漴ͻȻʲôæĿջصĻϡǰ֮ǰϰߣƷȥͣڶûпƷ
ԪʱԣԭֻһǾǿһ׿Եʫʫֻпġ
ҡ˽ʫ㿪Ƭ֮϶ֳ˲˼ľϲɫ
ܿҲͬԪһ㣬ʫ

ǣĳסС
ŶѾһɡಱӣһڲ裬ſʼȥЩƷ
ȻͬһЩʫǺʫֻôǳ׿ľ֮֡Ҫȫģ׿ľʱȥдʫȻǲܰ쵽ġ
һ׿Ҳ˵ʧʷѧרң֪дʫѶȣʷô˶ûɵ飬ܲЩʫɰɡ
ֻͻȻ۾͵һȫǲ˼ɫ˫־Ȼ΢΢Щ
⣬⡭



ڶٶʮ ͷֲǧź
ʱжʫˣȫ¶˲˼𾪱顣
֮𾪣Ϊ׵㡣ΪǸоʫǳ׿ľ֮֡
ʫƺǧ֮ǰѾڣǸĴ˵һ
̫˼ˣ
ʵϣʫȻǳ㣬ҲþͱʷϳֹģһЩ׿ľдʫ㵽ȥ
ΪʲôƫƫһʫôҸо˵أ˵ϣ׿ľдʫһֶ
һ˵׵ĸоƫƫ˵ʵ
Ҷ벻ס
Ψһ֪ԭˣֻˡ
סͷԭڵ׿ľ֮ʫҵȻָоˡ
Ȼסͷδؾ׿ľ֣֮ʲôϵأ
ڵǿϸֳЦ⡣õˣʫʱ𾪱顣
ʫӦúǸĴ˵һģѾٵǧʱ䡣ڣ磬ôźǧʫҲӦóֵʱˡ
ҲҲʹ֮һɡ

ʡǣĳסС
ɽѩƼ¡
ž⣬

Ըһģײ롣

ޱЩ૵ĵü֮΢΢Щ񣬡ǸСдʫΪʲôܸо׿ľдʫָо˵ʵ
ǸСӣôһŮĵգȻģû˿ҡҾôûǸɶСӣޱ˲ǰȥʥĻ
뵽ǰվٶɫ΢΢Щ졣æһڣ˼˻

ɽѧʦ¥
Ըһģײ롭
ͬ׿ľǳϲ͵һŮӣҰҺޡΪҸ˽ٿҲԹ޻ڡɱѣʹ֮ȴͨŮӵĿ޿䣬ѡȻ
Ů˭壿
ڣסͷϲ֣Ϊһ䡰Ըһģײ롱˼ơ
ͬʱ
ӨŮͬʫ۾ѾЩģ

Сʱʱȥ
ҡסԪȻò˼飬СӵʫõȻǺܺãֻΪʲôִԽǧĸоСӸ˵ľϲԽԽ󡣡
ͬţԸʧ˵ʫʵǸڵġҪд°ʫдҲܸһȫϵĸо
Ϊʲôıϣһʫȴдһףܹϵʫ
˸̾һ֮⣬벻ԭ
ϲ뼤ǸûбҪȥʣǸΪʲôдʫ
ڣʫˣֲǧź㹻ˡ
ʱϹʫѾˡ
ʫдģ̫˾ˡ
׿ľ˾İ鴫˵ӴԺ͸ˡҪл
׿ľд˾ʫ˴ˡִֻ˲дģ׿ľдġ
ǴҶָоû뵽Ȼһϲ
ӴԺҾķ˿˵и֯з¥ҲҪȥ롣
ҲҪȥ


һסͷôϲ񡣵̭ĻʤȻûаֵ
ˣǿѡҲڵǷֱǣԼĪס
ĸ˽δڣΪܹھĳ̡
ǿĸˣϾʫǿˡ
ǶԴ˽ҲǷǳ˷ܣԼʼĹھսǳڴ
һֱֵ̭ĸˣǷǳĲġۿһֻѾ̤ǿȴվṳ̂ȥ˭Ҳǻ᲻ĵġ
ŷ翴õͦ
ڱ֮ǰ˱ֵ̭׼ڣһʫ̭Զŷ˵δؾͲһ¡
ΪʫȻѾ֡ôض׿ľ˾İ鴫˵һסͷĳҲؽںΪһʡ
ôΪһʫĶ֣ŷҲضСңһʧߵݳ֣һսݳ֡ܣѾ֤λս߱ͬ
ͨ˽ڣŷʱЦ˿ŷҲһ˿Ľ

ȻˣסͷĻ⣬ֻԶͬ׿ľ˾İһ
һʫĵҲ˸ý౨
ϣվͽͷԼ䵮̣վ۵λá
ڶ죬ű磬Ҳͷͷ
ͷֲǧź
ͷ׿ľ˾İ鴫˵
ͷ˲˼




ڶٶʮ Ƶֱ
913峿
ڴһȦСѾͷڡЩֵʵѾͷôûȥѧ
СѾͷԴһᣬߺߵ˵㡣
Ŷá˸ûѧûϰģʱ治֪ڼ
Թ緹СѾͷܹߣ߱˵磬ȥ·ӡ
Ѿͷող˵𣿡
СѾͷ˵һ֣һĹĵļǰߡ
СѾͷĹĵӵĻͦÿġٺЦ֮ҲֺǺǵĸСѾͷ
˺ܿ޽ݵλãѾ׼Ҫˡ
ۣôƯķѽСѾͷһ֣ǰȥѾͷǰ춼ѧһֱûйڶȻôƯķӣǹ˷ܾԲض˵
˵СѾͷˣǴҲڲͣĸпⷿƯǴ˵еıɡʲôʱҼҵķҲܱͺˡ
⼸οҲڴפͣһۼ䡣
һɱڳһ׷ˡ
ǰЩĽ
ⷿҪ˵ǱȻҲԣֻûдͨ˵ıָߵݻ
ϲĸо
ⷿӳƺΪũСԺʵʡڣũСԺ彨Ѿȫɡ㣬ײΪ䣬Ϊ׼䡣ũ˵ϰߣһ켣ϲڵײУ¥һֻ˯ѡ
Ȼڴķӻ϶ƽܹһ㣬Ҳû¥һ˵
·Ȼ㣬ҪǻڵײСϰѾϰˣҲϲ
磬ܲܽȥСѾͷܻʵ
æȻˡʩСѾͷȥΣյġǧܽȥ֪𣿡
Ŷ֪ˡСѾͷӦһЩɥƬ֮˷ܵܿˡ
֮ִСѾͷȥظĽĵطתһȦӺʹŮҲڰæԺеһжҪũׯˡʱǽũׯĻԣҪߡ
ԴȻڼԸǺ

ڴңġͷҲǽֵ
ʫǿλС
ǿλ֮ǰ̭ͬ
ӽϿʼϽٱ̭ͨ˵νλ
һһȻǱʫܹھ
ʽҲ֮ǰıͬ
λƵֱķʽбҲ˵ڱ·ԳĸһſƵڣÿһƵڶӦһߡ
Ȼǿߵ⸣Ѷ֪ǿߵģ
Ӳ̶ܸȵߵǵҲߡ˫Ӯľ档
ֱͬʱҲ໥Ǻǻ
Ҳ8ǿ4ǿʱֵ̭ļߣ˲ĵҪԭ
Ȼϲ͵ԸôҿģôҲԿƵģӴҾֻܿһģӰˡ
Ƶ⡣ߵƷͬʱƵϷƷ
ǣƪƷôͶƱ֮󣬲ŻṫƪƷֱһλߵġ
ҲڱУ˵ǰʾһƪƷԼġ򽫻ֱӱΪ0֡
ϾǿλĴ¹Щǰ绰˵ġ
֮ǰ治̫˽Щ׽һ֮ҲŨȤ

ϣڼʼǿλҲѾۿˡ
ڿԿˣ֪˭˧ѽ
ٺ٣ǼĪ׵ʫǲõģҲ֪ǼĪһ˧ġ
˵ǳ֪ͣôͷ
ҲܣҾ֪ʲôģ˧˧
֪ģ˶ȥˣ˼Ҳ20꣬ĸġ

¥һڷ˿ǣʱҲǷǳ˷ܡڿԿģˡ
ǰͼʲôӣ¥¥ַɶûм˵΢һƬûУһ㶼ûΪһ˵ľ
Ϊ˿ȴ֪żģҲֻǷ¥ˡ
ڷ˿뵽һ㣬ҲǷǳơǶǱƷ֮⣬Ҳûоʲô֮

620֡
׼ʱǰڿҪҪƵģ±ǿԼģԼģعԺԺʥοͣϳԼһЩҪ鷳ֻ򵥵
˼һ֮ǾƵģǶ֧ǵء
һԭǣüԼģع⣬ԺοҲܻϳԼһΪƵеģʵпˣһġοҲǷȥ롣οҪǡÿ⼸ı
һ룬عģʵҲûжĹϵ



ڶٶʮ ˼
630֡
ǿλһ׼ʱʼ
630ֵ7㣬Сʱʱ䣬ǿʫʱ䡣
ڣһѾڹϡֻǽǰֵ̭΢һЩͬϷ֮⣬·ĸһſƵڡ
ƵʱΪǿԿ˼ĿģԼʫĹ̡
ǶһǷǳȤģӴ˱ȤζԺͿ㡣
ȻҲһõĵطǾǻѸľ߱ϣĿ۾ûǰôרעˡֻӰʲô
ڣߵģǧʼڿߵģ֮ҲǵһƵн
һôãڲʽ໥ʶҲΪĸпһʱ䶼໥кһѺúгĳ棬ٱӵġ
λ໥кַ֮׷׺ǴкʺáƺûȥϷѾֵһֵıĿ
ÿƵڵ涼һԴڣ˵ԡûƵҲûҪ˵ֻܴˡ
λ߶ûпĲĿǴʱȻûȤȥˡ
Ƶڳ֮˲˷ƵʻԣˢˢˢͣϷ̳ҲַǷ
ѽѽȻĪ˧ѽȻͦ͵ģоǱȽͨ˵˱Ƚϵ͵ʵȴǲ͡뿴ô˵أզ֮£ҲȽͨٿ֮ʱֲͨ֡
ţҲָоȥǱȽͨȴƫƫһֺܲͨĸо

¥һڷ˿ǣʱҲ˷쳣
ڿʲôģˡȻᰡ
úô˧ѽ۾ǳԡ
ȥȥȥʲôò˧˧ġ
ԣ˧ġ

˷ܹ½Ŀȥ
һʫ⡣Ȼɲ˵дʲôʫԣһơʫ˵ĳһС
ʫҲ
Ϊ˵кܶ࣬ϲŭ֡ޡڵȵȶԡдΧԽϹ㡣
ֲдΪ˵ѰѿصģҪʫ׼ȷıɲס
ټֻаСʱʱ䣬λ˵һܴĿ顣
ȻʫòдͨѿûʲôϵҿĿ֮󣬱µĿƵеλߡһ߿һ۷׷ס
λ˼ϰ߿νǴͬ
ҿʱڷⲽӰػصĴƵڡĪǶһȣ۾һ򡣷۾΢Уڼ¡
Ҳ֪Ǹʲô״̬Ϊ˵Ƶûˣ֪ܵʲôطȥˡֻǸոպ񿴵һǳɰСھͷһ¡
˺һۿŶҪ7ˣҲſٴγ˾ͷ档
ǸһǸƣ˵Լոе鵢ˡҷģոæʱҲ˼ʫ䣬Ѿˡ
˾һǿλÿһϵܹھ㵹ǻȥæ顣
ĪסҲ︹̣бŻ
ʱ7㡣
ҲֱύԼƷͼˣֻҪûӸˡȻǲ֪һʫ˭ƷܽƱӶԺķչǷǳкôģȻôõĻᡣ
ڣ˵ƷѾʾվϡƵڵϷռĻһ
ƷҲʾûֻбݡƷʫĵƱڡ

ǣʫЭܲ
Цϰס˵˵ʫֱ˭Ʒ
׵˶ǸˮƽߣֹԿŵ⣬ҪôҲ̫ײ³˭˭ƷʫҲǷǳȷס˼϶Сӵġ
Ԫ̾һΪѾ֪Сʫˮƽˡɶס˼ֻ֮˵Զ֪һʫľϲ
ҵͷҲ̾һ˵ʫʵѾǳˣʫȡ
ҡҡͷû˵֪Ϊʲôܹд׿ľġͷˡ
ƾס˼ƾֶŮΪϸд
дŮϸ塢ʫû֮һ
ʫһһΪ֮ϲЩŮǡ
˼ڴϡ
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žģӴ֮
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ʫõһ˳ƵֳַһλŮ⵽鲨ǰĸ
̶̼䣬㽫Ůʧٵбֵ쾡¡ȫʫָʫоԵľƷ
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Ȼ˵ھһ˵ҳԷҲӦõġ
ǫ޽ӵĹ̶ӣҲڽ˴ӡϰ¼ҲǴϲ֮£ȻȻԼ
Ľ̵ĴǫĹ̶ӣæҵĴܵھӣԼˣһȺܺӣһ֮ࡣ
׼ڴڵͣ˼ʮ¶ȻԽԽá
ʦæһ磬Ű˵ķ׼á
һٷｻǺ棬Ů໥죬ܺǵҴܣÿһ˵¶ǳߡ


ڶʮ й
ٷ6㣬һֱԵ9Ž
֮󣬲˰ʰ꣬ʣµĴ̸뿪ǫĹ̶ҲȥϢˣǴڴڴʱסûвΪٹ죬ǻҪʼũׯĵڶ׶ν衣
һʰ׵֮һһǺʣµĴǣһߡ
ǵһ·ҹЩ˷ܡ߽Ժŵʱٴζ˯֮󣬼ǵһ
Ӧһ߽Լһӡ
ӵĸֶһģײǸ䣬Ϳڵײ㡣ֻǳԷЩ϶ȻǺһߵĳͿһ衣
ֱϵ¥¥׼䣬ĸһС200ƽף൱Ŀ
¥ҪϢ˯ĵط¥һĳ
Ҫ¥Ūһרҵߵ¼Ȼÿְ¼趼Ҫʡܣ϶ǲеġ
¼豸ԼܵĸϣõġȻ۸϶ˣǳ󣬵ڲǮ
ЩСӰæɡСȻһһէģ¼豸ǷǳרҵģæҲġңԷǳ⡣
¥¼֮⣬ҪЩʲôʱû뵽ԺҪʱٽиĽͿˡ
ڶ¥һԺˡǿһ棬վڴߣͿԿҰǳá
ڴϵĥţظĽϾҪˣպʮ·ݣ߲˶ʺֲȰѵһֲ߲ȥտʼֵȽϳ߲ˣԺ߲˵ࡣ
Ҫַ߲ˣҪҪʵԵռ䣬ʹôҲֲ߲ˣֻøҽ͡˵⣿еҲСŪҲԡ
оǹ԰ĹС𣬵ȸʮ꣬ȻȻЩݵˡ
Ȼ뵽ֱԳڿռʹҺֲĹȻŪռ䣬Ĺֱùԡ
ˣҪļһʽԱڸĽصЩֻʱԱȥʹ峤һй顣
һ룬Ҫ黹кܶ࣬δһʱеæˡ
ͻȻӴһڷһֹ˵֮Ҫ𴲻һʾ彡ֱӴӴǻ᳤ꣿ

ڶ죬Թ緹ֱӵ˴峤ļ
˵󣬴峤Ц㲻ңҲ׼ȥˡƸǴ¶˶ʲôʱʼйǶӦء
ͷҲǰ۹¡Ĵ󲿷أѾǼʣµǵͿԴˡ
һǵʱ伸ǿеġ
ôأҪôȥ򹤣Ҫô͸򹤡߱ҿ϶Ըѡߡ
˵壬100ĶأټǼҲҪ׼ʱ50ˣô
ͷȻԡзӣڼĴ峤ѾҶˡмͥرѣ˶Ϊ˲м򹤣ĸŮС֮ģһͥˡ㿴⣿
ͷҲ˵˴£˵壬ͿˡֻҪƷû⣬͵Աнɡ
Цϣӣллˡ
ҡͷ壬ûʲôұҪйУ壬Ȼֻ50ˡȾƵꡢũСԺʩú󣬿϶ˣЩûӦϵ˲ҪżԺлᡣ
ͷģһݸҵľѡһˡ⹤ʷ棬ô㣿
ͨһ3000нӽԺ֮ѡһЩ鳤֮Ĺߣн35004000ӽ壬Σ
Цڴ湤ͿôߵĹʣζЦˡ
ҲЦ壬й鷳ˡ
̸й飬ִһ͸뿪ˡ
뿪ãʼйڴ洫ˡ
˵𣿷Ѿʼйˣͨ˾3000ĵн⻹нء
Ȼ˵ˣѾܵ峤ﱨȥˡ峤˵ѵȰš
ţȷӦӺʹ峤ܵҷҲѾ˵ˣԺ󻹻йģ˶лᡣ
ֻǴ塣ҸżҵκҲˡ
ӻż£ǵĴӼֱǷ˷츲صı仯ڴ嶼մˡ

ٴһֱڵй˵ڿʼˡȲܵ峤ȥ
һЩӦƸɹʽΪԵũׯһԱһЩѡˡ
ѡĴ֪ԭ֮Ҳǳ⡣˵˼ҷԺ󻹻УһǾӦƸˡ
˲һʱ䣬峤ڶ౨ĴУѡ50ˡ
50˵У42ˡ8Ǹڼӵġ
50ˣҲԵũׯĵһʽԱ



ڶʮ ռֲ
йίи峤֮صԼķ䣬ã뵽ԵռС
ҪڿռֲһԵ档
ʫʱ䣬ûôռ䡣θս뵽ռʱ̲סƮգ࿴˼ۿռȫò
ռ֮󣬿ȥԭˡɽˮкеءиֲֶࡢȡԽԽһСˡ
ˣˡСܿͳߡ
С䣬þòӹúѽЦ˵һòûʲô仯˵ľƺǰҪϲ١ռ֮һñǰҪĶˡҲǣռȥɿĵطҪˡ
СҲЦȷǰҪĶˡ
ͷСռһƽյϡεҪĿľֲһյǧĶ㹻ˡ
ɫȥǷֵӡץһǰϸ˿ɫһЩ֮⣬ƺûж
СⷬʵҪֲ𣿡
ͷţ׼һԵ档
Сͷ֪׼ֲһЩʲô
ȥЩʲô硣Ҽǵÿռ̳֮ǹһЩƷƺй硣
СǵģˡרŵĹ
ͷСһéݷȥ·ֵʱ˳ժһƻԡСȻѧ
ƬһνɽʱɽŪҰƻ桢ӡҵȡѾչһƬˣռʮĶ
ֻ׼ĹռҪƬ֣ÿνˮԲǡ
˵ҺҲòĹ
ƻ꣬˸պéǰ̳ϵͳȿ˿Լڵֵ
400
ͷԤƵĲࡣôྭʫʻ300ֵӦġϴθͷǷ˹ֻ֮ʣ˲40ֵ
400˵һҪ3000ֵԶʹ㹻ˡ
ֵ㿪˻ȻĿƷз˹磬ǿռƷ
⻹һר㿪һ۾̬Ĺ̳ǽ棬һûʾ꣬ұ߻һ
ϵйﶼɣһ߰һֹ
Ϊƻ桢ҡӣҡ㽶ˮ֮⣬һЩҪȽϿ̵ϡˮ磬һЩֶû
ܹȻ֮ࡣ
ôˮǻɣʵС䣬Щǹ磿
СͷǵģˡֻЩˮҪΪ̣ˮȲֲ
ͷС䲻˵Ҳ׼ȥֲڻֲϵĳˮɡ
ֿ˿۸񣬲ͬļ۸ҲȽϴ󡣳ƻһֻҪ100ֵмٵһģǧҲУֵһġ
ˣȥЩֵֹˡһЩȥ˵
ȻǳˮԵռƷټҺռȪˮԺˮζƱڵƬֵζҪá
뵽ʮڴ
ֻⳣˮҲʮ֮࣬Ҵ󲿷ֶʱڳ졣Եռ䣬Щˮĳ켾ǰ󸡶£Ҳ׾ٵġ
ԴҲֻ̫֣Ǿ̫ãȻˮĳڳʱô
ӦѡЩƷأũׯĹ԰ֻ40Ķúúù滮һ¡
ͻȻһԴҪôࡣôأЩȫϣÿֶϼ꣬Ƕռ˶طԺ־֣ԲģڿռؿҲǿš
գƻ桢ҡ㽶ӡۡ桢֦ۡѵ20ֹ磬һ10ꡣ
ôŻѼֵ̫ˡ漴ƿҺȰײ˼ۻаײ˼ۣá
ãС»صĿϡֲҲǳףڿռһ
ڿǼӵ顣
ϳһһСеĿӣҲһ׼ȷںõĿֱá
ֺúָÿһ綼һƿҺ
ʹ󹦸ˡ
ȸ10죬Щ糤ɳͿֱԵũׯĹ԰ˡ
һãȥƺ˿ֻȺ
µʱ䣬͵ЩڶѾһֱڿռԵʣƺҲֶøѸٺ׼ȷ
Ǹˣٹ죬Ⱥһ͸õȥˡԽߣȻԽãʱҲũׯһ羰
С׷ǼһڵͣҲѾǳӽϰ׷ˡũׯʽӪÿԿʼ
Щ˽֮Ск뿪˿ռ䡣



ڶʮ ũׯԼӪʽ
930ա
˵һȽҪӣũׯظĽѾȫɡ
ڣڴڴũׯ칫¥ڸĵһԱᡣ
Եũׯĵһʽ顣
Ȼ˵ǿᣬʵҲͰѴһ𣬰һԺĹҲһ㹫˾ĿȫһҶǳ⡣
˵ԱǵһβμĻ飬ֻ֣ҪʲôЩȴǲ̫
ԴҲûиԱʲôҪͦõģûҪѻôʽȻ˵ԱǲϰߣԼϰߡ
ǰ칫¥¥һң100ˡ￪ˣ˵һ50Ա֮⣬зԼ10Ů
50ԱУ35ˣŮ15ˡ20˶μظĽ̡
˵ոѾ˵ˣԺũׯܾӸҽ䡣
ãӽ䣬Ƕšһкãһӳǵľֻǳ档
ҲӳֻеĸоΪŹ֡ΪĴ϶ĳȴǳԱ
վ˵λ塢ԺǿеķӡأҴûиɹ˵ʵڵģҶ֪Ժ󰡣òãǿҪҡ
˵꣬һЦ˵˵ô
ӹЦһȥ
ЩĵĿһۣ˵ǸոѾֳ˹԰߲顣ʱ԰飬ʱ߲顣
ũׯĽ֮󣬹԰40Ķ߲100ĶһĶ߲ͽȫʼֲ߲ˡ
ֻǲѾ׼ˣֱ̳ﹺġռ̳֮ĻƷ˹֮⣬вֻѾõĲ硣
⵹ʡȥʱ䡣Ϊģֲṩ˲Сķ㡣
Ȼӻǲ磬ռȪˮݴͬʹá֤ˡǸʱ򣬿ռ̳滹ûӳۡ
׼Ĳֻǲ20֣ƹϡ˿ϡϡӡѡײˡ˵ȵȡ
ǾµףЩ߲˵ֲʱ΢һЩռƷĲֻǲ磬ȴȫõ⡣
롢˺ϰһ֣50ꡣΪʱĸˣжһ󼤶ͬʱ˵ӷģЩһá
ЦȻλ塣壬԰ĹֱԳҪȼʱ䡣⼸Ȱǰ߲ȫȥ
ͷȻӣԳܿͿջֻɻʲ̫ñ֤ѽ
ģҿԱ֤ǰٷְٵĳɻֳЩˮô
ڵֲˮƽɱǸ߶ˡȻ˼Ҳҿôһũׯũׯȥ˶ٳɱǲ֪֪˵һ֡
뵽ЩĵĵͷаԺðѹ԰ˣȻɶԲӵΡ
ʱ˵ӣͿʼ߲ˣЩ׼𣿡
Ц׼ˡϵʱ尲ż˵Ҽȥ졣
ֻҪṩӾͿˡô֣ҶһӵĲˣǳḻȻġ
æͷӦ
ѹֲ鰲źãֿʼŴЩŮĹ
Щ˶˵Ҫũׯ½صӵġһСꡣСʱҲһˣֻ֮ûôϵˡ
ʱǵദǵƷЩǳ⣬ҲԸǼ뵽Եũׯ
߲ˡˮֲ50λ񣬵һЩҪЩˡ
˵Ӵշѵȵȡ
룬ũׯ߲ˡˮ֮⣬½࣬ˮ֮ࡣ
ũׯвΪο˵ũׯһ͵̬԰Сοǿ䳬һŹﳵũׯһһѡԼҪĶ
ĳλοͿĳˮĳ߲˵ȣͻйԱֳժȡũׯҲжءշѵķ㡣
ũׯûиѣҲڳũׯʱڰ칫¥һ¥иѣд͵̨
ڻ᲻ֲƷ⣬ȫġÿο;Ѿ١ũׯĸζȥֻ֮ȫضרſɹƷ
Ϊʳջû˿Եֵ
ʱũׯĲֻԶԶΪũׯʳҹŶӵпܻ֡
ЩҪЩˡ
Ȼ10˿϶ԶԶģԺ󻹻½ˡȾƵũСԺúͬҪˡ
ڣһһʱ䣬ÿʱ׼ũׯʼһ󣬸ֲԴԴϣǸʱûʱȥ׼ˡ


ڶʮ Եũׯׯ
ٽʱȻһ⣬ʵ˭Ὺ
ȻũׯѾʽʼӪӦ׼һԺʲôҲ㡣Щ˵˻ῪȻãûеĻƻƸһ˾
ʣȺ˵У۾һ˵ӣһῪǣ
˵˽Σ꣬ûн顣ʥ´壬Ҹ΢ЩԶ
ʥΪϴ´壬ǡôϪˮΪ硣´䱱棬ϴ档ũׯ޵ĵȫϴ壬ԺӦûҪţ´Ҳпڴ巢չ
ȻؽȻΪϴ´壬໥ȴûַַҿеĴӰϴ´塣
˿ΣЦӣǶ٣Ὺʲô͵ĳʲôȼ
αһļ⣬ʵЩ˼ͷ˵򹤾ǰ˼ҿߡˡҪǿͻȻĳҲῪõAա
ǵͷ˼ҿ֪ġ
Ҳ۾һЦСӲԳ˽ⲻ
κٺһЦ˵ԣͻרоҵӵһԼͻ
ͷ׼ǵũׯ׼һԺҪʲôҲ㡣ӣȥʡѡһԺͽô
æĵͷӦҲЩ˷ܣԼôĳûа׷ѡܹԼļũׯ£ҲеȽ̤ʵ
ֻиúøɣһһԼĳ
ѹŵòˡʱӣ÷ԼһЩ顣ҪŹȡũߡ˵һЩԺҪעϸڵȵȡ
ЩȫȥСǰûиɹһְũׯ鲻ӣǶĺûᡣ
׻˵ǶģԼ۹⣬ȷӶԺ󣬾ԲԼʧ
ոᵽԼǲҲӦȥһԺҪȥҲ᷽һЩСƤԡ
ֻڻûмաǰῪҲһֱûȥѧѧһ㶼ģƾԼʶԼǿķӦѧῪֱ̫ˡ
˵ءռ̳ǵĳ齱ϵͳ棬Ȼиļ飬ҲӦпļɡ
ֻҪܳһƶֱȥμӣѵˡ
ֻǰһֱûҪ򳵰ˡڼȻˣǾȥգһˡ

ƴ10˵ӺͲ硣ѽǴӿռ˳Ժ档
ӻʲôãһС͵ģͬһ㣬ʮϲۣ͸һǿĸо
ƺ10λ񰵰棬Ǵûм˺ÿĲ磬ֱ羫ϸƷһ㡣
ԭ˵ЩѾֲʱ䣬ֵĻԺճɹƲ̫áϸһְ֮Щ˻ȥ
ҲˣΪʲôֵĲ˻ôóԡƺЩйϵɡ
뵽ǽְЩȥǳɳƺ10λﶼЩ˷ܣҲʮֵڴ
ǵ沿鿴ٺֱЦҵһοЩʱ򣬶ʮֵľϲοǡڻǰ߱Ƚϰǿǵʱ򣬲ŻӾò˼顣
ǿ˺һ֮󣬲СİЩ磬ŽǴ档
Ȼ뿪
ǰŸ߳ԺţӺ̤˽
Ȥ⾭ûиооô
Ӱڰֵȥȥء
£ðɡ˫ֱڱһϰͷ˵ôʲôҪ˵أ
ӺĿһۣȻһȭ˵ׯǵũׯѾʽӪԺׯĹӻ߲˳ǻ֮Ұ͵ʳƻҲųҹ͵͵ũׯ͵ȡׯߣ
ׯԵũׯׯƺܲһЩζ
ͷƺ⡣ӵĵҲе
ɽҰ෱࣬⬡Ұ֮ĶϲܵĵƻǰɽŸأûٱǹˡ
ɺ޵ǣЩһﲻ͵ʳƻѺúõһŪ߰㡣
ΪˣҲ͸Խ
Ժũׯζ˹ֻ¸ǻЩһ
⣬˵͵ҲпܡĴȻᡣο˷ɫɫ˶С
Ժ󿴵ũׯĲ澪ˣ˶˼ҹũׯ͵ȡ
Щ뵽ˣȻҲ׼ұ֤ǶﻹǶ˼ˣûһҽũׯ
˵ĵʮȷɷģׯӦԣȫ֤ũׯвһаȫ
ӺǺɵĿһۣʵʲôӦԣôб֤
ٺһЦ˵ʱø˵°šʱ֪ˡ
ӸǺɣĵʲôӦܰţ
Ҳûʣǳ˽֪ܹĻһġ
ڣʲôԭɡ
Ȼˣһȥˡ컹ϰأ˦ƹŶ˦ׯң˵꣬ڰԺȥ
ЦЦҲصһŪ



ڶʮ ũׯһ߲
ԹصԼķ䣬ѷã뵽ռС
νռĿģһ׼һνܲܳ鵽һݳļ顣ǸǷʣ9µһˡʱ뼰ʱǷʲǡ
ڽʱѾȥɽ͵͵Ľɵ׷ٻ˿ռ䡣
ոսռʱȻҲѻͷ˽ȥ
뵽ռһȥƺȺԼСéǰֱӴ̳ϵͳ齱ʼ齱
ڳ齱ÿҪ1ֵ˵ȴûʲôѹڵֵ400أҲŰѿռһֵá
γ齱һ㣬һ20Σֻõɫһɫ䡣
ɫʹּƷȿûԼҪļܰɣûеĻͼٳ鼸Ρ
㿪һɫ䡣
飺ʹúչĻ
ôˣںòϰǵʹãȻˣðײã಻ѹ
˵ʵǷǳϲģûɽˮҲ
һ鲻Ҫģֵ㿪˵ڶɫ䡣
飺ݳܡʹúո೵͵ļʻԼʻɡ
Ȼⷽļ顣˷ܵһЦ⼼飬ټԼ巴ӦԺĿӦöţ˰ɡ
Ӧǳ뻯ɡţ뻯ʺȽϺʡ
ţʹáǰʹĸо࣬ʲô뵽ԼԺ֮У˲ʧ
̳ϵͳǰѽ
пһ㿪һɫ䡣
ݵƷڷʹã˺ķݡ
ݵˣڷݣ
ֹһƺҲòϰǻƷ֮Ӧû뵽̳ǹԺԲ޴ι
رճ齱ϵͳڹȻһƷǸոճ鵽Ķݵ۸񻹲ˣҪ5ֵһ
ȻƷԺӦϰɡ
գֱӹ120Ѫǣ12ֵ
һ9·ݵĹʡÿһһ30ЩһĹ⣬ÿһ෢10Ϊ
ϳ齱ĵ20ܹ32ֵֵȻ400򣬽컨ѵЩ⼸ġ
һָǮĸо
ԺûټͣǰƺµĹʷһ
һȻһ˷ܣһѾһˡѪǵζͨʳֱһһأ̫ˡ
ʷȥ˿ռ䡣콫Ƿǳæµһ졣
ũׯԱǵһʽϰ࣬һʽ֡ǫĹ̶Ҳũׯڶ׶εĽ衣սҲ绰˵¼豸Ѿã˹װ

101ա
ǰһǳѵõĳ٣Ȼȴûա
һ磬϶ͿӴ˹
ô緹߽˵
Ӻ죬˵緹ԹˡҪȥ￴
ôȥֵʵڲ7ء
εʼ磬˵Ҳ밡ɴڶѾڵɻˡҲӦùȥǡ
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Թ緹ҪȥϰҲһȥæҲûзԣֲˣ˶һҲͦõġ
ȥͬǴλáũׯ԰⣬Ϊ101λŴڲԶڴͿԿ
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ЦˡӣЩ绹ǺÿҶЩİȥˡ
10ԱҲЦŸͣһӵĲˣҲôõĲ硣
һĲԷѡӺΪЩ˽󣬹ʵҪʺɫɫټҶ͸ˣԶԶȥǳϲˡ
οһӾԻᱻĲ
ʹ˵Цһͷȥ2˿21棬мһСƱ1ԵһЩ
2ԴײˡСײˡΪЩ˳ڶֻ̡Ҫ1¾Ϳջ񣬶ռƷЩ磬ƽҪ10Ϳջˡ
ʱֻֻôҸе˼顣Ժũׯ治˼黹࣬ôϰߡֻҪ̫ţҲԽܣҲͼֲˡ
2һûټȥ3ˡΪӵǫĵ绰Ѿˡ
ȥӴһ¡



ڶʮ ȥʡ
ڣǫĹ̶ڰ豸Щ豸ǵڶ׶νҪõġ
ʥһУǶѾᳵ·ҲԵĽӴһ¡
ڵڶ׶εĽ͹滮ҲͺǫˡϢһ󣬳Թ緹Ϳֱӿˡ
С棬100ˡ˱⣬ڼҲһЩҲѾˣڰ̶ӵĹǰ豸
εҪ̾ũׯֱߵľƵ꣬ʹĶദũСԺ
̶ӵĹҲףǶѾˡһߺ˵ЦһߵգǼһ绰˵ܿҪˡ
10֮һ󿨳ʻͣ
ͣ󿨳ͣ˺üڵͣ󣬲Ȼͣôһ
󿨳Ӧþ¼豸ĳˡ
ȻŴ򿪣һ³ľգɴһ۾ʱŵŴͣ˼ĿܵһС
ҲǸˣúǫǰʱһ𵽡ȻҲһô˼顣
Ҳڵһʱǰȥ
󡭡ʦô֣̫˰ɡտһ˵˳ˡ
̫Ծˡеʵ̫ˡʼС·ܹܲ󿨳˵֮ȻЩŽɡ
֮·ã˵һ󿨳󿨳ԲǰС
·ҲͰˣ֮󣬷ͣǴˡҲͰˣϾ£رͿؼ滹ͣ˳ƷƵĳӦоУвƳŵǻкü̳ʹ󿨳
ճԾˡڰ˶Ĺ֮⣬ԶʱЩﻹȺ·ٲȻһεģ
⻹ũũ岻ӦöƶɽˮվбҪʶһũˡ
մСڳﳤ󣬼ͥԡȻҲܿôһרҵ¼ĳɱǲ͡Ҳһֱ׷Ѱ롣
ͣǸ˵ҵ־ͿˡϽֹյĴУһһһէë֪ʲôʱܸĹ
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ڨڨЦЦ֪ִʦݣİ֣Щڡ
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ʱҲǲŵĿΧһСǰҲû˵ʥ֡
֮ǰûֱҲЩ˵ʥ󣬵һĽһ˼׼ˣʥ󶼻ǳȡ˵ûκ˼׼ˡ
գˡҼˣȰ豸ᵽҼȥɡ˵
󡭡Ŷٺ٣ʲôġҾ鲻ءպٺЦ
ЦЦյļ顢ֵܣ֪ͼˡҲǵѣҲհæԭ
񣬰ߵİװˣ¼豸ᵽ˼
Щ豸¿һ£ȷ豸ˡܹȥ100
¼׼¥һĽ60ƽңĽרҵ¼Ҳˡ
ڹϳԹ緹󣬹ʽװ¼豸Ҳڰæװ豸ȽϿ죬鷳һǰװǽ
װǽĲϽʲô⡱ûս˵Ŀǰõĸˣ¼õĸϻҪһЩ
æµ˺üСʱʱǰ¼Ūˡ
Լרҵ¼Ļϲǲʡˡ
ʱҲ뿪ҲûǳǻҪϻʡǣԹĻ̫ˡ
ߺȥũׯתһȦ15ĵػѾȫֲꡣ
˶࣬˷ܣҲۣٶȻǳ졣
죬610ĵӦҲꡣ
ճԼȴջˡ

102ţ峿
𴲺濴˿
ףƺһӰһʱЩ
Ҫȥʡ򳵣ֻСҲ̫˰ɡɫŸոεӣӦѾһʱˡ
Ҳ˵컹ûСӾѾˡ
æ¥ȥ߳Ժţ˵ӣҲ̫˰ɡ
ԺĽŲѾվʱٺһЦ˵̫˷ˣ˯ţ͹ˡ
СӣҲԺӣк߽Ժӡ
ʱҲѾˡҲ΢΢һ£Ц˵ô͹ˣû緹ɣһԡ
ллæ
Թ緹˳ţɽ缯жȥ



ڶʮ ֻһλ
һ·ƽ˾ʡǵʱ򣬸պ10㡣
߳վʵӣʡ۳ǵλ˽ⲻ
εͷ˵ңгǱͨۿΪӣǾȥһҰɡھ͹ȥ
Цɣھ͹ȥ
Сһļ͵ģ˼Ѿɵȥˡ
ͨڳǱ·⣬ڵλеԶ˴򳵶1Сʱŵ򳵷Ѷ100顣
θоۣЦЦʾûйϵ
߽ǣε۾ʱųһĹ⣬Եġ̰ɨ̬죬ĸ࿨
Сȥ򳵣˺ݺһʲŹ֡ȻҲпܱ˵ûǮֻǹСӣǡ
ȿȣһһעԼ
ڨڨЦЦҲ֪Լ⸱ģҪô˱ӣҪôԩͷûа취еļôҲѹƲȥ˿ߡĳҪԼˡ
Ȼ⳵ģԼʵҲ̫ࡣ˵˼ҷ˵ˣԺֺã⳵пܻΪ͸
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ĿһۣҲڵ顣һƾΪ̫ûô˯ţϲŻôܵԼԺš
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ˣΡҲܵĿʹһݳԸ೵ҲȽ˽⡣
δһؿؿĻ֣Ҳ14ֵ100֮䣬Ѿȫũׯˡ
νָأϳʱװص
ڳṹһ£ûжͷһЩ
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һոµĿͣ۳ڡ΢ῨпؿУһؿ۾һ
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Ҳ˵6X4ĳһֻ6ӡᶼ˫ֲװôܹ10ӡ
ǿеؿ10ӡ
վڳǰϸһο˵ӣǱ֣ȫ֪Ʒƣۼ۹Ƴ100ѡһͨһģʮľͿˡ
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⳵Ҫʮ򣬵ԼȫϵҲҪõĶࡣҪġȻǰҪ
ֻǣǶվôˣΪλû˹Ӵ
ǰɣѵҪǰС˵пŶΣԱͨ϶𣬱㲻ǡԱŵĿУһžž
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һ20ְ꣬ҵװΪŮ첽
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ǰĿȻҲһˣһ۾Ĺˡ٣ַǳȴһࡣ
ԱߵǸˣЩ͸ˡᣬ۷ĹǸƺҪСһЩȻҲĳ
ŮһۣЦţǽһ°ɡ
ŮĵȻҽ֮Ӧûʼ۸ɡ֮ҸûʵĽˡҪ׷һˡҲң֪Ͱ͵ܹ
Ȼ̣ŮӻǺòģؿĸϸĽһ顣
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΢΢ͷʾԼסȻϸĿŮһۣƾĸ֪ŮӴӸոչڵҲŲµˡ
֮飬Ҳ⡣ֻ۸֪Ůӿ϶Ǳˡ
һЦ˵۸еֱӸңǵۼֻۡһλᡣ



ڶʮ Ǻࣿ
ŮĻ͵һְҵ΢ЦҲϣһʱûзӦ
Ѿ׼Ҫ˵ûйϵӭ´仰Ѿ˵ˡ
Ȼȴİ׼Ҫ˵Ļ˻ȥӿհƬ֮ŷӦ⣬ʲô˼Ҫ򣿡
ӦΪһǴ󵥰ɶҪ
֮ŮЩɵĿֻһ΢Цģ˵˧Ƿս˫۾رˣЩֱӡ
ŮӼԱߵһ
ӸòǴɣȻ֪ӦǺǮ100ĳҲ̫ˡԤ룬40ҵľͷǳˡ
ŮӵĿЩҵĴƿЩҪˡ
͵ۼ𣿡Ůҧҧ˵ۼΪ118òʣҿǾӴ
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ԷȻ⣬ȷֻȥҾˡĻȻҲɣԼȥģҪٵöࡣ
ȵŮ˵꣬ͷ΢΢Цԣǰɡ
ɣԣɽˣһ仰ŮӺ˶Ǽ֡
λҵϢϢһȥǰŮֻоεۼֱͬһ
ѵνڳꣿԭֻ׼òԵĽӴһ£򳵵ˡû뵽ȴȴһľϲ
ڰ֣˵ˣǾ㿴ȥǰͿˡ
䵽ϢĵĺȲ裬ǻ￴Щ󿨳˼
Ůԥһ£ǵͷתС뿪ˡ
ŮߺȻڼеΣЦܲеϢһѡ
ȴǻһۣߵǰĸųĵһѣͨĳð100ıְ
Ҳѹ˼ߡĳ￪ôõĳ붼û
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εĶûĴһ
ʱһ30꣬װӴӴ˹ܵǰûվӾ˵Բ𣬶ԲԱ£ôÿվء
һߵǸһһգȻ˵ҽзľǵλˡ
Ц˵ոյС޹أԼҪġ
ȻҲ֪ǿԼҪҪġҪſ죬Ǵ˿ͣǧ˿ĵ
10֮ŮӱһϹЩطҪǩ֡ʱȻЩƽȻоⲻ̫ʵ
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Ӹ·ڳسǣոʻͨɽĹ·ʱǰ治Զ·ΧһȺˣƺִʲô顣
Ҳû⣬һϲֵˡȺʱִ˫Уһһأ60ҵˡһǼˣǴźͷͣһЩЩСӿνķζ
΢΢Щü۸һˣ֪Ҳжϡ
ХҲ롣ҡҡͷ˫ִֻҲʲô¡׼ȥ
ͻȻһԺ͵һæӣͣͣ
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ӣһȥո￴һ˵һߴ򿪳ţ첽ŸովȺȥ
δӦһΪʲô飬Ҳæ³档
֮ԼȺȥΪոСԺиھȺʱӦһ츳Ǳﵽ100ĶϢ
Ȼ΢ȷʵڣСܿ϶
츳Ǳﵽ100ĶԿУҲֻлͷʹɵ츳Ǳﵽ100׷ƺС׷Ƶ츳Ǳֻ90ࡣڰȺԶˡ
Ȼ츳Ǳﵽ100ĶʲôĶ˵һĪľϲ
߽Ⱥ۾ϸȺȻȴûпʲôһֻߵһƺѾ˵ģЩɽӥĶ
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ɵϸֻ֪ûеӥȻǳСжϣôǼһҲǾ100츳Ǳ
ͱͨļҼҪСȫë˲٣Դֱͺˡ
ҲֻצӺֹһ๣ȷʵһֻӥ
ʲôӥȴǲжϡһӦûûг̫꣬Сˡǳӥܱһһȴϲ
С䣬֪ʲôӥ𣿡Ժʵ
СƬ̲ŴСһЩ⣬ܹɱɹô˵ǡ࣡
ࣿ͵һĲš


ڶʮһ 100Ǯ򺣶
ࣿ
һȷǷͬСɡҪ˵ʲôΪǾǺࡣ
Թںļغʹ˵ͷǳ֮ࡣҲͼڣΪϷɵߺ񣬱֮Ϊӥ֮񡱡
ȻʲôĺȴǺѶ塣
ݡɽļأش֮еľŷݸĿݲأɶν֮ࡱ
Ȼ񻰴˵У壬˽ǴȻıںĴ˵С
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ʵǿ⣬಻һڵ֣ɸݡӥɱǡӥ֮񡱡¸ҡǻֱ̡ۡǿ󡢿ءȡԶϡ
ǵ֮ĿаȻȴǼΪѵãһֻǼֵǡ
ǰᣬҪ̵СһǴ˵еĺ࣬ⷴ治һĴ
˵ȥû˻šȴˣΪС˵ġ
ҪҵĶѾҵǲżˡԱһֵ·ˣִ¼
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λǸһλ񣬲֪ʲô취׽ǰֻЩӥСһ㵹Ҳ֣ũﾭӥûιССѼûٱǵߡ
ӥҲʲôǾ뾡취׽
˲׽ֻӥ󣬾׼õҲãոսǾͱˡǰ⼸ͷķһ
ӥȻΪ˺档ȻֻѾǳСӥ𼸸һڡûһһϢˡ
ӥһͲˣȻɡǾ׷ǣҪӥ˻ոӥˡ
ڳǵĲԶҲλáҵӥˣҪ˻ȻˣǵʱǺúõģڱˣҪ˻û
ǣڳϿһĻȻһĻҲڳ
ԭί˿νķȫʮСһ΢΢ЩüνķǺܲͬġ
˫׷ǹʣҲ˵ʲô
ִ߽˫˵ҲҪˡǼԼӥˣ˼˻ûе
Ǽ˳˵Ҳִͣ׷׶һͷȾɫļһ˵Сӣ¡ǸոһӥͲˡͷӥǵʱ⣬ȻҪˡ
΢΢üȺСһʶ˵ȻˣֻӥңͲҪȥΪ˼ˡ
򣿡ͷ۾һһһۣ˵У200Ǯ200ǰɡ
200𣿡һֹҪ˵ˣһĿͷһۣ˵ٸһλᡣ
ͷ͵Ĵһ£ֻһɺֱţЩηĿһۣ˵ҪǮң͸ˡ
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ͷСӻͷ֣˵ʲôأк
ͷϽͬʹĴɫСǲ𡣡
εٿͷһۣ˵ͳ֣ٸһλᣬǮ
ͷûһ£С˵100죬100졣
šͷóһŰԪ󳮵ݸͷͷԥһ£ֽӹǮٴ͵һۣкͬѸ뿪
ͷߺ˴ó100Ǯݸ˵лл㣬СӡӥҪˣǮҰǮ˸㡣
Ц˼ңûйϵӥøҾͿˡ
⣿˻Ҫ˵ʲôȴǰڰ֣ʾ˲˵ˡ
ߵǰһϢӥΪãǺడ100Ǯһֻ࣬˭Űؼֻ츳Ǳﵽ100⼸ʱƱ500󽱣ҪС̫̫ࡣ
Сӣ
Сӣģ
Χֵ·˷׷׳޵Ϊǿ˱۸ųء
ȻҲȷʵǰˡ
΢Цź·ǵͷʾ⣬ź׼뿪
Сӣ㱧㡣ⱳ͸㣬װŰɡ˼׼뿪Ͻ˵
ͷЦллˣ˼ҡ
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ӹѺСĵķŽһķȥ
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ЦӣҸоӥЩ򵥡׼ûȥܾܲȻҲ¡
εͷȷǲ£ûȥûȥɡ
µϿɽ緽ʻȥ
츳Ǳ100ĺѽʱ飬൱̣



ڶʮ Σ
3ʻʥͣͣĳȽ϶࣬ҲкüǵĳʻͣʱҲûע⡣
³֮űȥҪСһŪռƣˣǾ̫ٵˡ
ȥŷ£˳㴵һ³ⲻ˵ġ
߽Ժţϰ費ڼңáԼķ䣬÷ţСһ뵽ռ֮С
սռ䣬СԡСһ￴һЦСһˣҲ컯Ȼ϶Ȳ̥ǣɻɺһˡ
СĻҲеûбȻ϶ˡ
˵ҲǺ컯
֪ǲǸо˿ռеﱧŵСһ΢΢һ˿۾
٣ȻϷһϲСһѸéǰ
ǰϳ齱һֽݵ˵ҩֵҩֻڷݡ
ȻˣǶСһ϶áҲľȻСһԭ
̳ϵͳƷȡݵ￴˿Ө͸ģԲͣȥȽ
ԥСĵĽҩιСһСһƺҲⵤҩܹЩѵİѵҩȥ
Сһѵҩȥ΢΢һȥռƷĵҩԲǷƷСһ϶ǳɹȻˡ
ֻǲ֪Ҫ೤ʱһָ
С䣬չһȳȥˣָʱҡ˵
õģˡС

߳Ժӣ׼ȥũׯ߲ȻԶԶϡʲôˡȥˡ֮ࡣ
ǴӴӶɽڴģúԶѣҲòǺԶԶֹһˡ
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һҲæķȥ
ĵľ˳£û뵽컹ǳˡ
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峤Ҳڡ
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ͷûдҵ̾Ǵɵҿ֪ܲɽʵһЩΣնġȻЩΣն˼ĴֵСֻҪǹ涨棬ǲʲôΣյġ¶ûоԣΪ˰ٷ֮ٱ֤ҵȫҾôɵڰɽϣڣЩΣնͲ˿ķ
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ֻ˵̫࿴ƲܵĶȴʵʵĴš


ڶʮ û
ѾʵԺɵػڰɽϣһҪ֣صѴңԺҽɽʱȻǹ涨İȫ档СĻһҪС
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ػũׯϡһôĳȷػũׯİȫұػЧֻ»Ҫõöࡣ
Եũׯ֪Ӱ·ݾѾʼ޽Ҫջһ߲ˡ
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⣬йزŷִɵӦֻеǳľϲһδ֪ߣ뷽跨ı
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һȥҪӴӶİɽڴ壬Ȼ󴩹ǰڴ

ʱһƬϱתأ鲻ϡ
꣬ôͻȻðô߾˵Ƭļٵģ
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֪ǼٵģЩƬȥƺʵѽֱPSĺۼ
ȷۼЩߵĺӰȥҲͦʵġôʵ϶ҲǼٵġ

ûЩƬʵԣЩƬPSĺۼ



ڶʮ ţԴһ
ʥ塣
һ˴Ӱɽڴ߽ӵʱ򣬷һȺڳдҲлû뿪ο͡
Ӧӵһ߳Լ߾˵Ѿڴﴫˡ
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һһƣ룺ˣһʱ벻ˡ
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峤𣿿˵˵
ףǲǵһӵʱһǵЩǲģ
ѵӾǱ߾ĺӣ

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СĸĸҲڸ˽СˮԼ˵̡֮оҺ͸м
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Ӵҵĸ졣һЩʱҾѾ˵ˡȴΪڿЦûᡣںˡ
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һȺ֮󣬾ǸеǳϧһӻֻôһΣûдĻԺóȥţܹһӡ
УʵϵõȷԺôΪļ֤ߣһκĽʣôһôˬ顣
ϧˣѽ
һʱ䣬һȺ˶ԸոֳЩ˵ĽͼûκεΡøոֳЩˬ˼㣬Źȥ˼ʱѾôˬˡôȵ鳹״ָ֮һˬзǳڴ
Ǹϰ壬ҲʹӰ֪ԲһοͻȻ˵
Ҳ۾һ˴˵ľʱ̣ôϸӰƺѽ
Цʱ̫ˡɣлĻһҵҪ󡣡
ο͵ĻԺǲǿԶڿżɵӰҲ԰ɵӰĻᣬΪһĽɵǶǳͷӰ˵øʲôƵġ׷ƣ϶ͲԸ˺Ӱˡ
뵽˵ҵũׯʽӪ֮һᶨڿɵӰǳ齱ͨʲôʽҾڴ
ǸеǳźڻӰĻᣬпԱһڴƺҲǲ
ԵũׯҲǳ˽⡣Щ˵õǵ˼߲ءũׯʽӪͬڴ
ˣλʱ䲻ˣҾɢ˰ɡʱ䣬Ѿ5ˡ
߰ɣһ塣
Ǳ߱˵ٸǽϸڡ
οǽڶȥ·۷׷Ȼⲻ˵ġ
οߺ󣬴峤˵ˣҲɢȥɡڴԺĻء
ҲţԺũׯҪػҾԼġ
½½ɢԽԽôһߣշܲ
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ϰԤ֮УЦЦ˵֡裬֪ڵʲôǷİɣΣյһȥʵͷǴ̶Ȼսڴɵ֮¡ɵľҲͻͷ࣬Ǿͷİɡ
ᵽͷϰŰԵһͷͷǿųģڵĻͷĹ֣ҲԶԶ˹ķ룬֮ϻǲضáʲôսǲȷӦò
쿴ŻͷûʲôоЩӵοǣһοͷҪһ̫ˡ
ʲôɵͻͷһɳģҲǿԽܡ
ϰ֡飬֪룬Ц֡裬İɣҵء裬ȥɡæһ죬綼ˡ
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ҽԶǱСĸסҷ΢ûʲô˼ֻƽ̨ʹȫĸмҲҵеҳǣһҪչ˺СİȫĪñ緢
΢󣬻һһĺӰ
΢ʱ䣬еص㣬¼ҪǻƬΪ֤˲һЩ˲ˡ
ǸԶ˷΢Ҷ˰ɣƬźʵѽ
ʥ壬ط֪ϱΪũ壬ǳһξ㡣
Ҳ˵ӣﻹһũׯ߲˺ˮǳζҲ֪ǲġ
Զ΢ټЩƬȷʵPSĺۼô˵пģ
ģ̫ˡҷǲš
ѵֻһ΢пˡ𣿡
ֲӣͬͬպĹؼ

Զ΢ɸε¼һѻ¶ҲѸߡֻ̫ڷ˼ϵһʱ䶼š

ʡǣĳסС
κտ˵ٺֱЦԼһĸоֱ̫ˬˡ
ѡȥʥ棬һڵһʱϵֳκҲѡ
ȻǻǲţǾٸϣȻٿǵķӦٺ٣
κպٺЦţԼõ¼ƵĸƵȥƵӴˮ濪ʼ¼˺ȫ̡
ϧû㵽ոճʱ𺳳棬κźѡ
ʱһŵò֪룬ﻹ֪ȥ¼ʱĳ棬κȻоڿһɴƬ

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꣬ҪըˡѵģⳡȵӰҪʵѽ
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ֱͬһ㡣ǿƵ͸о𺳣ǵʱߵЩˣֻһĸо
ٶȺÿ죬ӳˮ棬ﰶߣֻһգ۵ʱ䡣
֪ÿһӶԺ˵ǳ̫˸жˣȿƬ˸жˣΪ˴Ըš
Ҳˣķ˼

κյƵһ㱻ǸӷתءȵӰ滹ҪʵĳôѲòʵԣȻķ˼
Ȼ¼ĵص㣬ʥ壬ҲԽԽ֪

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һ60ҵ˴ʱҲڹۿ˵Ƶ
̫˼飬̫˼ˡʲôȻ˴һ߿һ߲סҡͷ̾
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ŶǸոЩҲô
⵽ôһ£벻ס
Ź䣬ѧԺԺʿֲѧרңԶѧȻҲԡƵеʲôƷ֣ȴ޷жϡϡЩŴ۾ߡ
Ȼ۾ߡ
Щϼһţ绰ͨһ绰

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ͬڿ˵Ƶ
ģ61ꡣѧԺԺʿѧרҡһоȤϲ飬ȻĳĶ
ΪѰĳֿѾĶ֣һԭʼɽꡣ
ڣƵеĴϵ˫Կ϶Ƶ̾ԱĻҪߡ
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ڶʮ ޽СԺ
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ԵռУϲĿѾָĺࡣݵЧǳͼӰ
ָĺ࿴ȥԭһϢҪ˲١ҲֻǺԭȡ
ͺӣ۾ǳ鶯֮⣬ҲһֻͨСӥˡ
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̧֣ʾ⺣վԼֱ˫һɿֱϡӥצץúΣȴһҲûиоʹյķǳá
⺣ı֣츳Ǳﵽ100Ķ
Сһڴ̥ǣɻһ졣˵֣⣬˫ᶯ뿪ֱۣڵϡ
Ϲأ̳ϵͳһ鵤¡鵤ͬ뵽˳˯С
Ѿ˯ĺ࣬ĥӦøȡһʲô֡
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㿪˳齱ϵͳ׼ܹܲٴγһšȵԱʱ֮衣СˮʱٳһЩǾͱҪʹáȵˡ
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˳齱ϵͳԼڵֵ
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ȥ˿ڿռһѾһſųĹˣٹ켸Եũׯ԰

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ũׯ߲ĲȻѾȫȥˣӡǵĹв١ũׯԼӦ豸ߵ׼Ҫڼ֮ȫɡ

ȥ峤Ҫʹ峤һ£ڴڳķݿ顣
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޳һһСԺҪҲҪжһСԺ30ƽңҡԼ䡣
⣬ÿСԺǰ2ҵأСԺ˿ֲ߲˵ȡ1Ķص10ֵأ2ֵҲСˡ
֣һֱųСԺǰ컹绰ѯʲôʱ޺áٲʼ֣˵ҪֱӰᵽסˡ
ȰѳСԺɣ޽졣ǫʾԵһȥ޳СԺ
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СԺԴӵ޵ģÿÿǮȻࡣԺȡС
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ͷɣǾʹ쿪ʼ



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ڴڵũׯ칫¥˷ӺһȥôһũׯܾῪ
ӺٺһЦƨƨߵĸˡ
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΢΢һЦӵͦεģ˵û£ܹġ
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ͷʾԼѾ֪ˣͷһ뿪˽Ӵ
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СӾôϲ֣ЦЦҲȥ
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󿴵һŮӴȺп첽˳Ů30ңмɫ²һ˫߸Ь䡱һͣ·ߵĽγ
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СŮԼôߡͣԺСӣСཱུģΪɰֻ˫Щ죬Եۡ
ʱСŮѾûٿˣֻ΢΢Щ̧ͷӣ˵Ϊʲôôʱˣûأ
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ֶǲΪǿЩûˡ
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֪˶ʹӣҲûôƽϡĸֲһưɳ裬ֻΪǮǳϲ裬лоưôһƽ̨һֱȥ
ҲԼ룬һһԼĸ裬ܳһרܹݳᡣ
ȻһУǰһҹһγȻֹ
ҹػ˾ݣҲһֱûҵ겻òԷơ
ⳡеĻȴӴ˲м
©ƫҹꡣԺ󣬾ưϰһǰ̬ȣò䲻һѾм˵ĸֻ֣ܳǲþưɵĹϲˡ
ֻǿǰǾưɺ˵ķϣϰ岻ֱԾھư
пɬ֪ԼѾʺϾưˡֻ볪ȼգľ뿪̨
뿪˾ưɵ̨ζţӴҲ뿪̨
ھư
ֻǣվûоꡣǰЩʵĸ֣ʼĿŵż꣬伫ΪһзϻҪ質ֱǻ֮Ц̸
ưϰԴҲһֻۣһֻۣʱʾʵǿԸӹһЩ
ֻҪΪܲˣԼ뿪ľưɣôͿ
ڣ껹뿪˾ưɣҲ뿪ĸ質ġ
뿪ưɺҲȥϵҾưɡǰưϰȻ˷ܲѡ˭ʶأ
˸裬겻òȥѰĹǳ˳裬óʲôټвмܹҵʲôùأ
ԭÿ˿ɹ۵һȴֻǧǮ
ӣҲǸոŮӣܲ޴ΪǵʱȻѡ顣
ûֻҪŮĸȨ
Դˣ֮á겻ҲҪŮĸȨ
ᣬɫȫҸǮټޡŮҪ鷳öˡ



ڶʮһ 粨
ĹЩ꣬ϱӲҵ˻кܶ࣬ɼǿš
ӣҼҷԷɡҶЩˡ˵
ӣȵѽһ㲻֪ǸԺĹ𣿡Ȼû
εĿ˷һۣСӻͦԵġ˵Ĺ²ҲŲµõˡ֪У˵Ǳ߱˵
֪УǱ߱˵ӶĻûлɣ߶շˣӻǷǳġ
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˼ŽֵǰߣҲ˵ԼĲ롣Ȼǲ룬ţǳĽӽʵ
ԺסһݹԼϰ෽ܸõչŮֻǹʲߣЩͰ͵ġ
ŮС϶ᾭ衣겻ŮôöûмˣǾ͸ǰϵϣǰܹһŮ
ǰȻԸȥļǾԼһطŮȥ
طӦþǸոǸС㳡ӦþסڸĳһСһΧ۵ȺڻʶϣԵõ֤
Сӵе̽Ǳѽ˵꣬˵
һЦ˵ȻҵƷʽܡû̽ǱʣôܴƷأ
֣ԼڵƤƺһ㡣
˵֣㻹ˡһ˵һҷ꣬ȥ԰ɡ
СûʲôһٷѣԶһ
˸ոߵſڣͬʱסһǿոǸСŮʱڷſˣ
׻Сӣôʹ뿪лˡ
ǸӣҷˡͷӶһۣԵ˵ͷǶ뵽һ㡣
߽꣬ȻкˣϡǷԱĽɫ
ոմŮȥǰޣȥģŸջֿʼϰˡ
ͻﵱԱҲΪˡЩп˵
ǰÿ˶ΪͬЩп
Ǻǣԭλӭ٣Է𣿡꿴ͷ߽꣬æк
ȻѾϳͷ˸ովȺ֮С
ţԵ㶫ԭϰࡣҲЦŵͷ漴ѡһſ¡
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һУ궼̹ȻԺͽܣҲǻֹۡ
һǳѵá
һµλЦˡλԵʲôº󣬱㽫һݲ˵ǰȻִӿڴóֽͱʣ׼¼Ĳˡ
ӣɡ˵ݸ˵
У㡣Ҳûпһˡһزġһ׷
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ҲС50ƽҡ緹ʱ䣬Ҳʮӻˡ
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Ȼ߳˼һۣûʲô飬˵κ֡־ҪԷСһ㣬ҪӰˡ
Ӵ糪趼ɷԱˣȻôһı飬Һ÷ѽ͹һ˵һһµı飬ǵü˹Ц
еĿ˾ЩüǼ˲δʲôֵľٶҲ˵ʲô
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һͷԺЩֵĿһۣ˵˵磬ʲô̬ȣԷǿϡȻǻСԷҪ뵽һ£ҲûмǮһɡ㲻лҲˡͲܷúһ㣿㻹Ϊǰ𣿡
국˵ˣҪԷ͵ˣԾ뿪ҪӰˡ
ģӾǿһߵı顣ǰҲͰˣڶһǧǮķԱˣȻӡ㲻ӦõֺǣǶԼη𣿡ֹӷ˵
ԽǶǲǣǾԽǲˬ
ǵ뷨ӦѾݺݵĲ˽²Ŷԡ򹤵ĵطԷӦöǸм㡣ҵֺǣǶԼٷ
ǲŻпС
ǵ̬ȣûһС
ǲˬĲˬ



ڶʮ ġָͨ
͹Ӱѻ˵ֵ꣬ŭȴֺް취ͬпС
Ȼϵıûʲô仯
һĻѾΣֻʱһУѧ̹ȻһС
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ģ֪װҿֵܼʲôʱ򡣡͹ӺһȻ˵ˡ
߹ȥһݲ˵ϣʲôˣ
ӣ⼸˻ԷѽΪֻǴǸһءС˵
һЦ˵ǵȻԷ򹤵ĵطԷΪǷͬпСȻҲ֪̬ȣԷˡ
ô֪˶ˣʵ
һЦ˵۲졣
һҲپ⡣ŤͷǼ˵Ĺ¡
ʱѾˡ국һ䡰Եȡ֮󣬾뿪ˡ
ߣͬʱһȴûʲô취ܲܳȥһٰɡӲ¼ʱˣҲжٿС
Ҫȵǵһ졣
ӴⲻһŶӣһŤͷÿſˣһת˵
ȻҲʶġأӦҲʶǡ
忴һʶ壬˹ȥ˵壬ҹʲô
һЦ˵ѽ֪ΪʲôҪ뿪𣿡
ӵĻ꣬ɫһ䡣
ͬеļȴ۾һ׷׶Ͷȥɫ
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ЦЦʾ겻ؿ
ݳһԼóĸͶ뵽֮е굹ȫ
Ƚϸ߿ָ߿ֱʽĸ߿ֲһһֱȽϴĸ߿
ĵͷ߲ʺԼ׼һ׸衣Լ輼Ȼ覴ãΪȱרҵϸѵкܴռ䡣
곪ЩĵȴĵԼԺ˻Ȼȫոһ׸ˡ
ЦЦǿ϶ŵ㣬ҲָĲ㡣Ľܡ
֮㿪һ׸İ࣬Լף˵ӦΪдĸ裬㿴һ¡
̲סٴμǾѾͨĿˡ
ʵϣ֪ݿʼո֮ǰһֱǷǳ֪Բ׸д裬ڸֵѡҲǳϸ
˵һסұһƷ飬Ǿ˲пľձѡϵġ
ôڸ֮ǰһһˡ
ڣҵǣͨ˿ˡ
סеļϸдĸſţһμ˫ַò˵ӣǸдĸԺҾ׸ԭ𣿡
ЦȻ㻹㲻רҵĸ֣Ŭϰ׸質ãɱҵƸˡ
ʹ˶˵ȻȻģһá
ͷո˵ˣҰʵһԭҾһ¡
漴㽫ϣΪũׯפֵ˵˳ʾһжԼ˼
ûκεԥʹӦ֮õ顣
ЦִʦݣҪפֵ鹫ȥԻĸԴҪ
ܹΪũׯĵһ֣ϱĸ֡
Ӧôˬ죬⣬΢΢һЦ˵ôڿʼũׯĵһˡҲʱ⣬ڻûʲô֮ͬĶǵĴҲûһ³̡ģЩҶᾡʵȥһũׯѡһط޽һרҵݳ̨ܻһרҵݳŶӡס޷棬ڴ޽ڳķݣԺȥޡȻסسҲԣʱ䰲źþͿˡ
һԼļƻ򵥵˵һ顣
Խ۾Խʵ̫ˡ˵꣬ȲʵʲôʱԿʼݳ
̨֮󣬴Űʱ䡣ʱ䣬Ժúõ׼һ¡
õģһһжźõġ
ͷ˵ˡɣԷʱҽ㡣
˵꣬¼ҡ
깧Ŀ뿪ɲһжġ

5㣬ؿվ
ʡǿһͳϣλʲ׵60ҵˣλ˵ֱ40ҵӡ
˾һ䣬Щ糾ͣƺǸ˺Զ·
һ40ҵӴһۣ˵ϣϣʱѾˡǵسסһܸȥʥˡ
λǴӾǸϹĻԺԺʿѧŹ䣬ֲѧġ
ŵӷֱ˵֡ϵԶлͣϵַ־ǿɡ
ո˵ɡ
Ͽʱ䣬˵Ҳã˵ʥһʱ䡣ȺúϢһ¡
Ҳ߰ɣһùݡһǰʥ壬һԤУһǻ벻ջ񡣡



ڶʮ ͯר
105ţ9㡣
峤޽СԺĹæԶԶغ峤㡣
ͷѰķȥֻһλ񣬴ż
λߣλˣʶǲסҵæӭǰȥ
峤⼸λ㣬˵ǴӾģʲôѧԺʲôԺʿҲ̫·Ĵ˵ֶ꣬Լ˵λǵĴ峤
ѧԺԺʿһ֪ȴ֪һѧԺԺʿζʲôĸѧоģֵ𾴵רҡ
ɲЩʲô߰νרܱȵġ
ÿһλԺʿֻ¶£硢̽ȸ򣬶пǵĵӡ
˵ÿһλѧԺԺʿߵ쵱Ĵ쵼Ҳãʡ쵼Ҳգ
ֻЩרǣ󶼵ֻԼоĶȤȥﶼ൱ĵ͵
ͱǰλרңѾʥˣûоκ֪ʥλѧԺԺʿԻٵĸݷá
ԺЩͷ֮󣬼æ֣˵ӭӭǳӭλרǵĴӡ
Ź䡢ĵЦ֣˵峤̫ˣǴ˲Ŷԡ
峤мλˣҾˡ·ĴǴк˸ǡ
峤ͷŹлһ䡣
·Ĵ뿪󻹰ֹһ䣬峤ǼӣĪ⼸ʲôͷɣ
ߺŹ˰ӵĿһ˵ͷǸ˽ߣʹȥ

ոմ¼ҳ峤ںӣпѧԺר㡣
ѧԺרң⣬ΪɵӦһѸӭ¥ȥ
ӭӭλרʥ͡˵
Ź۾һϳˣϡƵϾ˵ˣҲҪҵˡ
ŹǺһЦ˵ǿɲ͵ġҽһ£ҽŹ䡣
ԼҲֱҽܡ
໥ʶ֮ǳλԼ峤ȥϢ
Ź俴һۣЦСӵǾĺܣ֪ĿģȴƫƫǵͨĿˡ
صļһ£Ц˵СҲҪ᲻ǱҲǺ棬㿴ѡ
۾˵ֻ㿴
Ĵ˸˵Ȼֻ΢ϸһˡ
ƲƲ죬⻹ûһרҵˣ
ݵĽӴλרҵĺøдλרƽ׽ˣ˿ûлԺԺʿļӣҲûеĹŰࡣ
ϲ˴򽻵Ц˵λ˵ֻ㿴һΪҪץȥأ˶ǸôԶ·ĲҪϢһȥ
Ź·ɶҸСӴ˼ڵþͱ˲
Ҳ뵱ɽһ꣬·ʲôߣھߡ
ЦȻϵҪǿңǾ߰ɡóλ˼ҵʵȷܲ
ͶŹ䡢ͬʱ˵۾һ˿Ũҵڴ
а֣λרԺɣһͯ
ɵλӿЦԺԺʿһǹŰࡣΨλ࣬ѧҪǳϸ֮⣬ѡ
ӣҪûûСģúλרҡ峤һۣ˵
ŹЦûйϵ峤ҿСӺ˳ۣͦá
ߴٵߣߡʲô·˵

10֮˴ӴӶڴ뵽ɽš
ʱѾֻǼλרҺʹ峤ˡһ·ϲͣοͼ뵽鵱С
кܶοͶʶ֪ԵũׯˣҲˡ
ڿżһͲͨ˵ˣɽŶȥ۾һԲ룬ѵȥ
ǲأȸȥ˵档
ʶοͶ룬ʶ˿һȺ˺ƺƵģҲļС
ȻԽԽˡ
Ѿʮ˵Ⱥ൱Ρ͵ôλרȥɵڿǲˡ
ңԶƺ˷߸
10ӵ·̣ôοһ·ϣҲŹ䡢ĵ˰ľ
ӵȫһʤذ
ǱרҪоʲôȴô˸ţ϶᲻ϲŹ䡢ȴΪ⣬ΪȤ
оȤô˿ԹǵȤ֮á
ϡϣе࣬϶ŵǡҪǻ糿
ŹҰ⿼죬ֲʵоʲôţСӸϽıг
ҲǣҴˡ



ڶʮ Ǵɵ
λרǼеģֻôɵǶٳһηͷˡ
ǱɵϢǶϵ
ٶȿһЩ͵һЩҪƸϴô
Χ۵˼λʲףҲһ˿²⡣ǲȷҲûǰš
һΪǵҪĿǿǲȷôԷ϶Ҳϣǰȥš
֮ʶο̲סʵϰ壬ǲǴҪ
ο͸꣬˶شŹ䡢ҲµĿ
һ˵ȷˡҿѾ²⣬λصȷǾרҡǵĴܸȤҪĿһأΪһÿ͵ˣȻҪ˵Ҫġ
û͸¶λרҵ֣֪λרҵ͸¶ȥƲٴﶼҪܹݷáλרҿ϶̫ϲ
ȻλרȻЦͷ۾ȴɫ
ο󰵵һȻרңרҶܹȻ
οǸпһ֮һ˷ܡֿԼˡ
ЩֻƵƬοͣ˷ܡһδˣһǸˡ
Ȼһûдˣۿһͬ˷ܡ
˷׷óֻ׼ʱĻ档ȻӰǿԵġ
ֹ˼ӣԶɽִһOO@@žͿĳһ·ϵӲݣסµ
˾һ֪Ǵˡ׷׽еֻ׼˴ķ
ܴɵѾٶȣӴԼΪѾٶȣԵΪƴ
ܿ죬ɵӴ֣ǰ
˻ȫǵһԼĺһЩϴμɵο͡
һֱܵķӦɵ˵ʵ̫һ㡣
Ź䡢ģԼλִʱҲǰľֳһּǿѹȸкͿ־УȫǿƵƬܹȵġ
ոճֵĴɵһ˷ܣôԼôĸֱͣǳǰĴ
˷ܵĴɵϵİ׶ߣͣĻŽǶôգ˶ͷ­ʱĵһ㡣
ɵⷬģܿͰ˶ˣҲбܵĿ־塣
Ź䡢ļҲݸȷһǳҲǳȤߡ
ŵĴɵЩǶλרһءò˵ɵλרʸá
ɵ˷أòǱιȥ
ɵελרǰ׶ߵӸµĿλרңȻһΪƵı飬λרҵͷʺá
λרͷŴɵ۶Ǿϲ
ȴ߹ȥ˴ɵһƣ˵Ͳ֪ŵһЩ𣿡
ɵ˿ίİ彵ͨ˲ߵλá
ɵ⼫Իί飬ͬʱҲ˶ô֡
ѽֻ±ĻҪöѽѵתɣ
ǰֳ֪жḻı飬ˡÿʱ򡣡
ѽ̫һӰˡ

ܵοƲסľϲ׷۲ͣ
ʱ򣬴ٴγڰɽŵϢԼٶӴϢοȫڵһʱ䣬ٶŰɽŸȥ
ͷ·һλһ߾һ㡣˵һ߾ǵҪ
Ϊһ߾Ҳδܹ˶Ȥɵȴһ㡣
ڣɽѾΧοˡңԶ˸
ɵʲôʱôˣԼЩ˼飬ǾеľǴѽ
Ź䡢ĶϣʱȴûΧȺΧŴɵתͣʱͷʱҡͷ
ҡͷʱҪöࡣ
δȥλרҡ֪λרоҲֻܵóһۡǾǴɵĳྭڱԭ޷֤
ϾȻ͸¶أЩȷÿѧ޷͵ġ
ϰ壬ϸӰ𣿡һοʵ
ǰϰ壬ҪӰһοҲʵ
ԽԽοͶʾϣܹϸӰ
λǵ顣ϴҲ˵᲻ڵĿӰȻˣǽͿ10
Ļһۡ
ϰ壬ôˣ10ǲ̫ˣ˵10Ҫôȷأ
Ц̫࣬ûж˼ˡʱҲûʲô׼ҪǽͨһСϷȷ10ɡ
ϷǺǣ˼Ǿϰġ
Ϸ֣ѾԤһˡ
һ飬õҵһͨ
ôһʲôϷأ



ڶʮ ڵˮȤζ
ʲôϷ
ڳ˶Ŀ
Цλ΢ҼӣҪȥΪ׼һСߡ
еߣУǾ鷳ϰˣǾš
˷׷ױʾȥءЦź˵Ȼ첽ܻشӡ
֮»صɽš
˶˫ֿȥֻһѾ˵Ǧʣжʮ֧һհ׵A4ֽͬжʮҡ
ǦʺͿհ׵A4ֽʲôϷоɻ
վһʯͷ棬ˣƺ뿪֮ǰ΢һЩ
˵λϷһϷҪ֮ܰġҶˣŵǦʺA4ֽҴҳһ˼ĿҪҰѴдڻǻA4ֽϡٶҴȷǰ10ˣͽýӰĻᡣû⣿
û⣬Ƕˣϰɣ
ϰ壬Լŵֽͱ𣬿ɲԣ
ЦȻԣЩֽͱΪûдֽʵ׼ġ
õģǾϰɡ
Ĵǰû˲ӰͨϷķʽȷϽӰҲΪȤ
һʱ䣬Χ˵ע
ͷʼ⣺Ҷϸˡڸ3ûп̶ȣҲûκα־ֱ107310װˮ
ڣҪ10ˮ׼ķΪ5ͨ3໥㵹Ҫ5ˮ
ע⣬ֻ3໥㵹ܽκι߻ڿʼǰ10ɹߣͽýӰĻᡣ
˵꣬˶۾һȤûлӰĻᣬܿһô˼⣬Ҳֵˡ
Ҫô˼ҪôóֽʲͣĻддǳȤζѶȲֻҪʱ䣬κ˶ܹ
ڹؼҪʱ䣬˶һȻԽżԴԽңѾҵ˴𰸷ȴʼղһ
µĿƴ˼еˡ˵ǿҵ˵ǿҵ̬
Ϊʵܼ򵥣ؼǿ˭Ȱ̬ƽ˼𰸺ܿͿԳ
һ֮յ˵һݴ𰸡һ30꣬۾ˡ
һ۴𰸣ȫȷ
½յڶݡݴ𰸡
յĴ𰸻ȷģҲм˵ĲĿҪ
յʮȷ𰸵ʱλǰ10ȷѾˡҲύˡ
Щû𰸵ˣ̾һҲʵԼ̫żˣųٳûӦ
ڣǰ10Ѿƽϸһ룬϶Ǻܿ͵ó˴𰸡
һûڲѡǰ10Ҳķڷ˼̬ãӮҲӦõġ
𰸺ܼ򵥣Ҫַ˵һ֡
װˮ10ŵ3ﵹˮ3ٰ3ˮȫ7ظոյĶһΡ
ڣ10滹ʣ4ˮ7װ6ˮ
ôٰ3ٰ3еˮ7浹ֱ7Ϊֹ7УԭѾװ6ˮֻҪװ1ˡ
Ҳ˵3Уڻʣ2ˮ
ٰ7еˮȫ10С3ʣµ2ˮ7С103ˮ𰸾ͳˡ
ȵó𰸵10οͣʱ˹⡣Ϊƽʵ˷ܵĲС
ϾͿӰˣźӰ㹻װһӵıˡ
Ҫ֪ϱƸߵĺӰѾǵĺӰˣĺӰ
Ź䡢λרңʱҲûΧŴɵתˡÿĶѾˣҲûٿıҪˡ
Ĵɵͬ£λרһȡ˴ɵһ㼡֯׼ûȥһо
ԴˣģɵĻͨԵռ鵤ıģһݡ
λרôоҲֻһδ֮ա
λרҲоոջǰ10οͣĽĿ£ɵĺӰ
ɵȻǳϣڳPose10ο˷ܲѣҲһǶѾ׵ϲ˵ǵĸоûˡ
10οգϽôɵûĻȥڵĴɵϰأɲ̫ܿˡ
ɵˣοȻźȴҲɢȥˡ
Ź䡢ġλ֡峤صɴ峤ŹڼϢȥ¼ҡ
껹¼衣ű˵ĳڽ8С
ȻɲΪӮűˡ׸ټ걾ʵűûκӮϣ
ôڷܵ裬ȻΪ׸ǳ֣֮κεĵ
ҪŬ׸質á
˵д裬˷ܼͬʱҲܵ˺ܴѹ



ڶʮһ ۽ҹư
105գ3㣬زҹưɡ
ڣưﻹûпˡ
űھưɵ̨衣׸ǻѴǮһλΪ˰æдġҲ׼ڽĸ
׸űκ֡־˸κ־Ǹ͹ӣ־ǸͷԺӡ
ƾײԭȻʮİӮ꣬ҲҵϾǺܴѹ
˵ҪӮԽƯԽá
˵֮ǰҪԸֵ100%ôڣҪԸֵΪ500%
Ϊʲô
Ϊǰһη粨Ҫ겻ɣԼǰ档
ȻǱѪǣ֪СӺݺݵĽѵһ١
ĳҲǲȴǵĥʹ಻
죬Լ20ˡԼ⼸֮⣬ȫǴСģĸǴܵĺ֣кųƴ޵ֵ
Ȼأ
Էֻˣȷе˵ֻһˣǸϷˣǵСӣͰԼߵ20ȫ̵ˡ
ңǸСӿȥǳ⡣
޵ֵ磬Ȼ˼ҵһ֮СõĴ޵֡
Ѫŭ
ű˴ûǲܴСˣôһеŭֻܷйˡ
һҪڽӮƯƯһҪ궪棬ǰԼģһҪӰԺ󲻸˷硣
ֻ⼸ıŭõйҲֻҵڴѾõĿС
ôβ궪øأ
ȻǹԽԽá
ű챻֮󣬾Ϳʼ˶ԽĴȾ
ڣسǵоưϰ壬Լϲݾưɵˡ֪˽8㣬ű顣
ҲԴ˱ֳŨȤ
űˣ꣬Ƕİʱ䣬ű˾һҪ飬Ҳš
ԴˣҲֻܶеź̾Ϣûǰǳھؾưɵһˣű˿ķڰʹӣ̫֡
ȻľưɺˣȴֻһСԱҪЩֻСܵĸֵ衣
ȷ겻ѡ
Ȼ˺ÿ˶Ҫܡ
ڣڵһζԹսʱ̡궪Ȼ˳ű˰ʯͷԼĽš
һеĴ𰸣ڽ8
ʵ˶Ϊذɡ
Ϊȵԭű˻ǮһײԭѾܣҶ֪ˡ
أڷ򹤣һ¾ǧǮֻǿȥõԭ
ԣʵûж
ⲢӰҵĹע

ҹų̛
磬˶ûڷϰ࣬˵ȥϢʱ䣬κʵ
űҡͷҲ취ŪɡҲصģֻҪûǮǲŪøġ
һ˽Ǯء־˵
űҡͷᡣQDƽ̨΢һĸ裬۸10֮ϡ˵ûԸ裬ԼҲȥ衣ԸǣҲȥôǮġ
껹Ǻ˽ġǽӮˡκЦ
űǿ϶ģȻҲôȥڵĹؼǣǵľưɿ϶ɲôˡ˵ͨķʽֱû׼ã
־ͷģѾ׼ˡQDֵһֱ䣬ʱֱֳЩĹڣͨ翴ֱҲῴ
űͺáԽ࣬˶ԽǵĿȻҲԽ󡣾ǲ֪ǸСӣ᲻ۿά궪Ҳһ顣
ϣСӻɡʱһߺŸһλáκֺ
űˣҼϰȡӮƯһЩ
ã༸Ӧ
ų̋һһʮң΢ֵӣĵͷ
ӽǿǲҹưɵϰ塣ںڰ϶Щϵ˳ǿ硣
ҹưΪľưɣҪľԴ
죬ű˵Ĵưص˵Ŀ⣬˲ҹưɡ
ǿеǳ⡣
űǽľưɺ֮ű˵ɻһ̨ףڽưɵķչҲкܴôġ
꣬صĸ֣ǿûκεĸ顣˭Ϊưɴֵ˭صˡ
ڣ˵Ѿûκεļֵ
ôֻΪмֵ˵ĵʯˡ
ıעᱬǿҲڴ


ڶʮ ľư
ʥ塣
Ź䡢ĶԼ֣оɽĵͼݵͼȻṩġ
ɽȺɽ˴ҳȥ⣬ĵط˼طԭʼɽֵ״̬
ĳ֣λרҶ̽ɽŨȤ
ɽȤĲ˵ǵģ嶥ƺĵСϣϰֲͬ飬Ѿ˷ܲѡ
˾ڰɽΧ̽һһЩ豸ʵ֮ɽ
סķ棬Ŀǰ϶ʱסԴˣȻǷǳӭλѧԺԺʿڼͣ˵ȥҲţƺ顣
ȻҪΪͶԵҲԸסϰǸǸˣʾֻҪԸ⣬סöԡ
4㣬¼꣬и뿪Ŀ̿ϰһ׸Ѿܹ
ٹСʱͽһڹǰ׸衣
ϵıȻҲȥ¸ôҲȥǡ

6㣬ڳӺˣѾߴϽˡ˶ڽϵľư֮УȻǱĳڴͻ룬˷֪ܵˡ
Ҵҳ극ϰԼǵһ𣬺ͷӡһ𼱼ڡ
˴ڣ˵ϴ󿨳ֱӿسǶȥ
ΪҪôһ󿨳ȥΪֻһ

أҹưɡ
6㣬Сʱʱ䡣ȻʱľưѾɽ˺Ѿ˾ưɵݿ
һ˵3000ˣưɿȥͺӵˣȴǼ˲4000ˡ
ưɷ治òлڡ
ЩһЩĿˣҲǰȡưɸּıȻôǰۿ
ӣѾɽ˺ȷѾȥˡ˵Ŀֻźתȥ
ⳡͨQDֱֵ䣬ֱȻûֳĸоôˬ˭ȥء
ưɸϢҡ
껹û𣿡űʵ
ûУò᲻˰ɡκ˵
Ӧòᣬ1СʱٵȵȡҲʱ䣬׼ű
ϣ˵ʵڵģҶЩȲˡ־
ưɰ칫칫ҡ
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ţͰƽʱİţݳɡȵ8ʱ򣬾Ͱ̨űǡ˵
õģȥ֪ͨ˵꣬ת˰칫ҡ

˵ưſڵʱʱ7һ㡣
ȻȴſڵλסˣΪĿлڡ
һǳ˵ϡ˺ܶѽ˶Ҳã˶
˶ࣿ˶ѽ˶ӲŶӣ취ȥѽӺ˺ٺЦţߴϽ취
ٶ࣬ҲȽȥѽ
϶Ҫȥġ
ҪȥķҲܶ࣬绰ֻ߰ʹһֻſСᣬʹǲ̫۸ˣ
ˣʹôӹЧİ취ɡ
λСֵˣ㿴Ҳˣܲи㣿˵ļЦǺǵ˵
λСԴǵľܾȻ۾һѸٵĽеݹ200Ǯս¶
ȻЦ˵λ˵ģټ˶£λ룬룬ÿһŶ
ӡͳȥ200ǮȲߡȥ֮󣬶ʱ۷Ź⣬ػصĲͣ
ܿ˿ӹȻ٣ƯҲС⴩˺Щ档ҲѹһûгϢˡ
ʱǰ̨ϣһݡҲȥưɵҲúܺá
ֻǴҶ֪ЩֻȳͷϷûпʼ
ʵϣĴ󲿷ˣǳͷϷ
û뵽֮ٴλص̨ϳ衣
ǰһ˵Ǳ˱ƻģֻһγˡŪ˰
űЩΪҲǹƴġ˵׸裬˲ٵǮ
ܹһǰδеĿаɡҾˣĸ質ôҶ֧ꡣ
ţҲ֧ꡣűǵһֱߡ

Щ۰ԵͷȻе˶Ϊ䣬Ҳһγ衣
ڸϣ˻֧ġ
Ϣҡ
磬СˡҸոпǴſڽκ˵
СӹȻˡܺãˣҵҪһʲôı飿𣿡ű˵
˵Ѿˣ潻顣ȷҵһԭˡκּ
űͷ˾ͺáȻˣ϶ͻһԭȻﹺһ׵ͼ۸ڵȵһˡ
ٺ٣ھѾЩˡ־ʱ˵
СӣеϢвУ㼤ˡűЦ
űˣʤʱʱ8㡣



ڶʮ 
ҹưɡ
ʱ8ԭúܴСܵĵƹҲ
̨ϵĸֺͱԱϹ˳
˶֪ȴѾõͷϷˡԭӵľưҲѸٰ
ǺȾƵġģǰõġװƵģ˴˿̵Ŀȫǰ̨ϣڵ̨һ˶ûС
Ϣҡ
űκ֡־صĴһǿԼ侲
˫Լݳ
Ȼڼ̨һ̣ͻȻǽŵĲС꣬Ǵûеô˱ݹ
Ǹ̨ѾϤƽʱĹһ㶼ֻмˡһǧңҴ˵˼ĿͲϡ
Ȼ죬4000ˣĿתĶ̨ǳ
⣬ϻֱȻۿӦò࣬ҲǽưſڣȴΪûнЩˣӦҲǧҡ
˽ŹȴƲס˷ܡ
ǧ˵ſǵıݣֱǰĴ
ȻҲ֪ı֮ԻôܹעȫΪı
ԣǲҪӮҪӮƯ
߰ɡűһ֮󣬴ͷ̨
κ֡־ͬһһۣ໥ͷų̋ȥ
ʱϢҵһƽĿǣûʲôĸ顣
ű뷽跨ļǵսҪ˻᳹׵ȻҲΪˣлᱻʶӴ˿һ
⣿⣿
ʱ˵
ֻʱ˿̵꣬һ˹һȥƺЩ;
ҲͬҪȥοǹһ£뵽ű˵ٴ꽫ΪһʧȻ˳ԺҪ﹤
ԣվûһȥֻһ򵥵Ĺ
겻ǣκˣֻǾ

̨ϣűѾѽıĿĴ˵һ顣֪ܶ˶˵Ļмһˣ˵ĻҪ˵ûġ
ˣ˵ھǴһԭɡδһΡ
űĻ˵꣬ܵĵƹٴΰȥ̨ǲʹ˸Ϊưɵġ
ưǧˣʱҲҵͻȻǶű˵ĻôðⲢҪǽҪĿľ衣
ڣű¸衶δһΡ졣˵׸һΪ֣֮ȻҲǷǳڴ
㣬
㣬Ƿ

һ׿衣
̨ϣűκ֡־ֳǳͶ롣ɫƵĵƹ⣬Ŷе˸ͣ
ưǵҲҸŶеֽ࣬ҡԼ壬ʱʱС
̨µĹ˵ϺͶ룬Ҳ̨ϵ˼֣ݵĸ
ָо̫ˬˣ
ʱǶһִǾ̨ϵǣ̨µ˶ǵĸԣΪźС
Ҳ΢ĵ˵ͷ׸軹дһˮ׼ű˵ĳҲȥھưɸֵУҲǲˡ
Ȼ׸ǣݳʱ֣ڵҲܸߡֻǸˣҲ͹ˡڹʲôӡ
뵽ҡҡͷ

QDֵһֱֱĻűݳ̨ЧЧȽ
űʹõֱ豸һ㣬ֵĳЧá
ʱֱϷʾĹΪ1200ˣűԤƵࡣ
Щ˻ǽȥֳûнŵˡһ߿ֱҲһۡ
ű¸費ѽֳҲˣЩȥˡ
Ͼ˼һǮģ϶ֻ¸ûϣˣϧˡ
ڵֳôˣϣ곪ʱ򣬲Ҫ䳡ѽ
䳡Ӧòᣬֳ˻˵꣬ҲһЩӣֻԵġ


ֳ
ɺˡ
ű˺᲻ýһ׸վûмӣгʱ
̨ϡ
űһʣŰֵĽ˰һPoseֳǵĻ
ֳĹҲٴαҵĻ
ű˴ʱģǰδеļ˵տʼǶԱĽһ˿ĵģôڣǳ׵ķˡ
ûһ˿ӮĿܡѾ룬곪֮ȻįԼǷʱķŭΡ
ǽǽĵڶǰδеĿС
ллֶӣ̨
ֳĵƹҲһ
ֳŷ֣ոյ׸ӣƺûжӡֻǴʱûʶʵǸո׸Ͳ㡣
ű˻صϢң༸ַ׷ǰأ֮βסĽ֮⡣
ʱ򣬽껺վſȥ·ű˵ʱֻǵ˵һ䣬ˡ
Ȼ󣬼ǰߣ߳Ϣҵţ̨ǸޱϤȴĮ̇
Ϣű뿪ıӰҧгݵ˵Ȼһᵽӣ֮ҿ㻹ôװ
磬ȻѾӮˣֺαظһʶأװ󼸷ӵˡ
ѽ磬ո̫˧ˣֱǴǷ緶ѽ
Աߵĸַ׷˵
ʱűƮƮȻˡ

߳ϢҵʱԭЩӵֳͻȻ
˾ĿţЩǵĲһˣһ̨


ڶʮ ҵδ
һƽ̨Щǣȴ쳣ᶨ
ưɵڰһ֮󣬿ʼһЩۡ
վˣǰҾͺϲ裬ϣһγ衣
ϧǱԭȻ겻ܻġ
ǰ˵һҷԱ벻ߣ϶õԭ
ˡĸҶ֧

űκ֡־ҲϢ˳Ҫۿ곪裬Ȼ˳
ϰǿҲĵֳ꼴Ҫݳĸ⡣
ʱڹϢ㼸λҪĿˡ
⼸λسҾưɵϰ壬ǽҲ˹
ô˵ҲľưɺˡǻȤһ곪ʲôӡ
λϰ֮Ȼھϵ˴֮Ҳѡ
ưĹԱֻҪǹϵģʱҲĬĬĹעꡣ
ֻͬҲź̾Ϣ
ЩưɲõĹԱҲԱĿ֪ʱҲǺĿꡣ
QDֱֵҲһ߿̨һۡ
ʱֱĹֻ800ˡ
ȻЩűݳԺ󣬾˳ֱ䡣Ƕ꽫ҪݳĸȻȤ
800ˣҲֻǱԵ֧̬

ʱѾߵ̨롣
̨ϵɫƽƺгƺѷ
ƽĿ⿴̨һˣȻ󻺻ƶƺѰʲô
ͻȻ˿ƽϸֳϲɫƺҲЩȫղŵĵȻģ
ʲôѵʲôҪɻ󣬶Ŀ⿴ոտķ
ǣǿĳӰӰҲûп˭ɢܹ֮˼
꿴Լĵ˵ͷ
̨ϵҲĵ˵ͷȻÿһĹڶһ
һ¸衶ҵδΡ͸ֳÿһλѣҲ͸ͨտֱѡлл
ûжĿף˵һ仰֮ܵĵƹٴΰȥ̨ϵĲɫƹٴ
ֻǣڵĵƹⲢӰҲòǺ
ҵδΡ걨ĸ΢΢һ˿ȡ
űĸǡδǸΡĸȴǡҵδΡ⵱ȻĿΪ֮δҲ̫ɺһ㡣
ôδǲΣ
ݳ֪֮ˡ
űҲǰһҲֻ֪ɺϣɺǺܲˬողųˡδǸΡһδΡ
ⲻǴ
漴۾һ׸費Уǽᱻ
һ룬Ǽѽ
ֳ
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ư˶۾һܸǰʮ
̨ϣӰ̫꣬ذе˷ŵߡ
漴˾ﴫɾ
ǲ̫µͷ
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⡭
һСγ꣬ưɳİ
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ǰﷴ̫ˣ
űԭм϶ʱɫ䣬۾ɵùԲһŵӡ
ưЩͬԱľϲ׸ֻǿͷһΣεĳÿһ˵ġ
̫ĬĬܾ䣬ҲûзԼҪ
곪Լ𣿻ǰɡ
ϣֺγأ
ưһ֮ڻعֻǻعǣȴǸӲ˵˵̫ˣ׸
곪ԼҲֳÿһ˵ĸ
Χ˵ı飬ҲΪοǰľ־ҵδΡڱͬɾúû׸ɻҡ
Ȫ֪Ҳǳο׸Ѿһɡ
ϢļλϰͻȻȫɫһ
λţҳȥһ¡
ҲҪȥϸ

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ϰǿһҲ߳Ϣҡ̨ͬϵ꣬˼ȴҪӵĶˡ

QDֱ䣬տֱļˡ
ԭΪĸһôҲ׼
Ȼĵһʳ߹еĸļһ
ͻȻסˡ
ǰ˾޴ﷴֻǼӵʱ䣬ǸͷӦ


ڶʮ һȫ
̨ϵ֪꣬˿е뷨ѾȫĵͶ뵽ݳС
ǲæ׷
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һһǻʮֽͷ
ưعˣڿȫĵͶ룬ĸ
Ҳ׸̵ǵĹ
ưÿһ˶ˣǶæ׷׷һʵʻ򲢲ʵʵĶ
ҲãȻʧ룬֪ѡ·ҲһδǻǻʮֽͷҲǻʮ·ڡ
΢΢ͷڶĻӦ
Ҳãƺ뵽ĳ嵱С
ưǳֻĸ
̨ϣӰҲ
Ӱ𽥱ư˵۾ҲԽԽãȻʧģƺѾҵ˷
ΪҲںô˵
Ҵûң
Լĳŵ԰ִš
ԽԽߣӰҲԽԽ
곪԰ִšеġšֵĳֱų̈ԭǳƽĲɫƵĵƹ⣬ҲͻȻöУ֮䲻ͣ˸
üİ֣֮䲻ͣ˸Ĳɫƹ⡣ֳÿһλڵĶֹãȻʧҲһҵ˷
鲻Խķ֪߳ͽһ̵
Ǻ˷ܣǼǲѹ֡
֪ҵδΣ
Ĺÿһӡ
ҵδΣ
ҵĸϣڶ
ҵδΣ
Ĺÿһӡ
ҵδΣ
ҵĸϣڶ
ϣڶ
죬ʮĸ貿ֳ֣մﵽ˸߳
̨ϣ˫ѾˮޱϤ̨֮һվﳪ衣
Ȼһµ㣬Ҳյ㡣
Ӵ֮Ҫȥӹ̨衣һ̨ʵ̨
ӿ׸ĵһۿʼ֪׸轫ıһ
еĹˣٶĻҲܱ˿ĵĸм
ǲҵģȴ˵ġ
ķľһ
̨ϵ꣬еĸмοøжˣֵñΪ
ֳ
ĺ֣һ׸̫ľϲ
ǽԭֻǶԽıܸȤҲһűĸ衣
ûҪĸ裬곪֮ǰҲֻǱһ̬ͬҲҪھ֧һꡣ
Ȼĵһʣ͵һֱոյĸ質꣬𺳶һֱڡ
δΣǵδͬΡĹÿһӣǵĸϣڶ
ֻôʱ飬δйĻ泩Ǹ裬ĸ衣
ͬ׸ȣűոճĶЩʲôѽûһʼǵסûڴһӡ
סҵδΡأӵһʵһ䣬Ҽǵʱڶһ
ڣһ鳪ˡǺ֣ڴڶĵ

ű˴˿ɫɷףǲԸ⣬Ҳġ
ܣⲻܣ겻ĸ衣ҲţҲţűסҡͷ
κ֡־˵״̬һ㣬ͬҲɫɷףƺѾ˶ǳЦ
վűߵľư༸֣ʱЩĿűһۣĵԶһЩ
ǵͬе𺳺Ͳ˼飬ͬ벻ףõһ׸ġ
׸費QDƽ̨ϹģȲ˵治ܳ˾ĸ衣ĳQDƽ̨ϣҲԻڵһʱ䱻Ƭ˾ߣ۸񲻷ơ
ֵõȥ˵Ҳѽ
ôֻһ߾ǶҪĸ裬ôͱõأ
ǾԴҲס

Ϣ⣬ưϰǵ۾˸̰Ĺ⡣ܹ뵽Ǿưȥפôƾһ׸裬Ǿưɵ
ȽŲ㲻һ׸費ҪκζԪأֻǳ㹻ˡ
ΪҪǣȻܵõôõĸ裬ǻ᲻ỹͬõĸأ
뵽ϰ嶼㣬Ҫܰ뵽Ǿưȥ
ǶˣǰҪȥǾưɣȴԸɾܾ˵顣
ֻߣǸûǣֻǾǸûʲôֻҪڸ㹻棬ͬԹԵȥǵľưɡ
뷨ûдֻעֻͽһˡ
ǿɫ֪жȻٴ⡣һĵǾͲҪ׷˼ˡȻԸ裬Ǿ֤ʵﳪġȥ̸̸һ棬ؾͻԹԵˡ
ûкǰߵ顣ǸʱѾûκμֵǷǳȷġ
ڣ겻֪ʲôطҵøˣٴ˼ֵ
ô㹻Ҳˡ
ǿţֻҪ㹻棬һԹԻġ


ڶʮ ֱڵŭ
ưֳĹھĻͨQDֱտļˣҲƲסľϲ
ĳ׺ûһȥֳˡͨЧֻԵƵֱǾѾ׸Ĵ
ֳͨ׸裬ټֳոȾֻһĸܣ
űЩ˾Ͳ֪ʹøһЩֱ豸ֱ豸ֱǶ׸
Ǽ˴ʱͬ
ҲңԼûű֮˳ֱ䡣Щ˳ȥļˣ֪Ǵһ˾ĸ裬ƳӶҪˡ

κQDֵӪҪֱֹƽ̨ҵֱֱƽ̨һҪɲ֡
ϣκ࿴һĵĵӽĿ֮鷿򿪵ԣ׼һЩֱ䣬ܲҵȤݡ
ֵ㿪һֱ䣬ֹ֮һ䣬ʲôʱЩưɸҲֱֳˣ
ЩȤһưɸֳĸܺõȥ˳ֹص۾һߵĹȻ1200ˡ
1200ʵֱ࣬Ǿưֳ1200Ҳˡ
ϾҪܾưֳķΧֱȥưɺˡϿֱܵøʲô
ѵʲôݣ
뵽κһͦѽвݻֱֳQDֱֵ䵱ʲôˣ
ֱԭ£
ߣץ֤ݣϹرֱ䣬Ȼȥˡκ޺޵ֱ䣬Ҫʵ֤ģҲˡ
֪ܿԼˡ
ֱͨ·ķ֪ԭưɸ֮ڽгǻԭ
ԭκ൹һ˿Ȥ׼ưɸ֣ܳԭ
ܿ죬һλ־Ϳʼݳ
κͷΪһưɸԭҲǲˡֳҲ
ȻûоϲҲûʧ
ŵڶλֳֳͻȻúܰ
ʲô
κ࿴ֱӼ·˵ķԣԼƵЩǵĹ¶Ӱƺʲô
һʱ֮䣬Щ̺ʱֱĹͻȻ˼ˣҲ֤ʵĲ롣
ֻǣǰ𣬵ȻǸЩǵӣһʡ
κ֪ˣشˡ
׸ȷááݣֱǾ䰡
ʲôʱһưɸ֣Ҳܳ˾ĸˣңֵɾ׸ķǳ
κĿƵŸ衣
ֱһ鳪ֳ꣬󻶺κ͵ûع
óֻͨ˹˾ŵĵ绰һ24Сʱϰࡣ
ιСϽ04521ֱӷ䣬ŵվҪ۵ƼλáҪΪʲôһҪϣȻʹˡ
Ҷϵ绰κеֿϧѾһˡԼôûڵһʱ䷴Ӧأ
Уõʲôֱ豸Чʵǲô˵ôĸѸṩһֱ豸
κͻȻЩۡ

ҹưֳ
̨ϵ꣬Ѿʼ˸ڶݳֳٴΰֻʣɾĸ
һΣ˵ĸд
һڶߣȥĵεΣһЩ˵˫Ѿʼģ

QDֱƽ̨
04521䣬Ҳ곪ֱ䣬Ѿŵ˹Ҫ۵Ƽλá
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ȥˣϰԵĿһֱ
֮󣬶һ㶡ʲô˲һǧ˵ֱ䣬ҲƼλã
ѵϵͳˣ
˰һ˳ȥֻм˹ۿķ䣬ǿûʲôȤʲôýĿ
ֻǣͻȻһǵĶ䡣
ǲ̫µͷ
жһסҲûʲô
һˣʮˡٸˡǧˡ
ԽԽ˶ˡ
ֱĹԼٶһǧˡǧˡһˡˡ
һӵʱ䣬ԭֻ800˵ķ䣬ھȻѾ10ˡ
Ȼ˵ı仯ȴûжע⵽
ֻQDֱƽ̨ŵˣżĹþûز

ҹưֳ
Ѿ˵ڶ鸱ظ׸ͽݳϡ
ʱűκ֡־Ѿ׵Ĵˡ
ǽܲʵ
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ֲñˣֻܹԼǵܹ΢һ㣬ҲĽ
磬ƺڽƵֱֳ㿴⡭һ˵
λĸ̾Ϣһ˵ȥֱ豸˰ɣվͬ¡
ոλҲһ̾Ϣǰȥرֱ豸
ȻصЩˣܱȲصĺá

ʱֱﳬ10˵ĹڣΪոĸ𺳲ѡ
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ֻͻȻֱһڣֱźûˡ
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ڶʮ ֱ
ֱźͻȻûˡ
һղݡ֮󣬸տʼΪԼˡ
հ繩Ӧ̿һ֮󣬷ֲˡֱ䶼򿪣Ψոһֱûźš
϶QDֱƽ̨ϵͳˡ
ǣŭǰQDֱƽ̨߶ˡ
ӵ绰Ƕˡ
κҲΪǹ˾ķˡȻĸʼСȷʵǴֿܵġ
æڵһʱ䣬ѵ绰򵽹˾ļȥѯʲô
ŵίĸǷˣǶԷжֱźš
жֱźţʲôˣö˶˵ΪʲôҪжֱźţ
һ⣬κʱҲ벻סüŵ˸Ͻڹϳһ棬ǽһ¡
ŵ˴ӦһϽһȥⲻǵķϵͳˣ˼Ҳֱˡ
ֱˣ
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ô˵ģⶼҪ߳ˣͻȻһֱˣ⻹ܲˣˣ
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˼ҲֱˣոտֱҲûκεİ취
Ƶ룬ʲô裿ôûѽ
ţͻȻһУƺողŷӦʲô顣
ѽԭȻôĸ裬ǲû
׸ʲô֣˭ģΪʲôҪֱΪʲôͻȻˣ
ոƵеĳƺһưɡѵһưɸֳģһưɸֳôĸ裬Ҫ찡
ưʲôط
УҪġ׸˭дģôһưɸԭأ
һⶼûд𰸣Ʋѡһַ´½˷ܺͼ
ǣ04521ֱ˲ͱˢƵˡ
ֱźȻûˣֱڻûйرգȻԼԡ
˭֪ո׸ʲô֣
ոճ˭У˭дģ
ոǸưɽʲô֣

سǣĳסС
ֱźͻȻûˣҲӾƲѡǴŲµʲôԭ
ҪôűԼرֱ豸ҪôǾưֻԱű˼æرֱ豸
ʱӾ̲סһκڣȥưֳȥ̫ˡ
ȻҲھư׸ĸоã
ֱһɣô׸ʲôֶ֪
ӾһУЩʲô֪ɣ֪ɣ
ˣǾøشǰɡ
ǣֱ˶֪ˡ׸ҵδΡݳģưɽҹưɵȵ⡣
Ǻܿ죬˵гˡ
˭Ϊʲô׸ԭȵȡ
ӾһȥֻԽشԽࡣ˵ЩҲ֪
ˣûشˣԼȥ²ɡ
ֱ˵ò𰸣ƺӰҵ顣˼ȥҲûܹشҲͲˡǿʼ۸ոһ
һۣ˷Ǻܶ˶йͬԡǣԽԽ˷ܣҲԽԽ˼С
ֱƽ̨ٷ04521һֱӸ߲£ҲûаѷƼλƿҲûйرշ䡣
һ͵ˡ
QDֱƽ̨ҪƼλãƼֱ䣬ȥȴһƬڣʲôҲûС
ǣʲôûеֱ䣬Ȼ10ڹۿңۿǳơ
ãЩٿʲôһƬʲôʱǵȤôˣ
ķ쳣𱬣˵ǳߡأƺһʲôġ
һѸϴԽԽˣ½QDֱƽ̨ԽԽ˵˴˵еĹֱ䡣
ǣûκֱݵֱĹ˴۾ķʽѸš
152030򡭡
ֱƽ̨ŵǾȻۼ֤ˣַ˼ȫ̡
Ժ˵ȥֻҲû˻ѽ
֮ǰûзҲҲٴηĳ˵⵹Ҳһ־
κʱҲǾ°ͶˡڿҪҪرֱ䣿һ⡣

ҹưֳ
ư˲ֱ֪顣
ڸ質һ鸱ˡһ飬׸Ҳͳˡ
ֻȻû
Ҳֱ֪飬ҷӺϾͳˣҲûȥˡ
飬ԼܹãҪġ
̨ϣ곪һʣҲʧ
ưĿ֪׸ڻǳˡǺ֣Ҫٳһ顣ңһ˸߹һˡ
ǰĴ
ư͵ˣִʱɫȫǺεĽмʡ
ȻΪʵľǡҵδΡһ׸衣
֪ܻ֮ӭٷ֮ʮϵĹͶҪ׸ϡ
ô׸赽˭дأôõģ
⣬Իǳҹߡ
̨ϣ˺ҪҲǸдѡֻǣ׼ٳˡ
Ϊֻһ飬ġǽ죬ģҲΪȻ
ٴθÿһĹڶһ˵ǳлҵ飬ҺܸˣҲֻܼǣҲ׼ٳˡҷģһлҳ׸ġһβɢ
˵꣬ٴξϹȻ󻺻˳



ڶʮ ưϰ
˳ˣưȻᣬҲѡ
껹˵ˣҿ϶лٴ׸衣ȻˣǾ´βɢɡ
ֻʱҶΪ˵ġ´βɢָĻڲҹư
ô˵Ҫزҹưˣ
Ӧˣһ˾ĸ衣ֻвҹưɵϰ岻ɵӣһġ
ưɵģҹưɵϰ塢֡ԱԼưɵϰ壬ҲΪġ
ǶΪ˵ڰʾԸزҹư衣
⣬ưϰ尵һáҲкֱϢҶȥҪڽȥˡ
Ҳ֪ⲻһڽǵĺʱôϰͬʱڽǣֻø棬ǵľưȻҲԽԿ
ûа취ڲڣԺûлˡ
ϰҴҶȥǿ¶ʤЦݣĵ⻹û룬ԼʾˣҸĴ۱ԤĻҪС
ţ겻ѡȥľưɡΪҹسľưɣҲҲһסҵδΡԼعģûеѡȥľưɡ
ҹưֳ
ư˲ûΪ˳뿪ǡոôһ׾ĸ㷢顢ֵ̽ʱȻûԸʱ뿪
ȺԽԽͶԽԽйͬĻ⣬ҲԽԽߡ
ʱûʲô¡ưҪ뿴һҶ׸Ͽɳ̶ô
ڣҵϿɳ̶ȷǳߣҲʹȥˡ
òײȺҵӺӶˣߣЩԸĸ˾ưɡ
ȻҲ֪ǻһȻʲôȾ᲻ӡ
ܹܲеϢӾͲˣ
Ӱ۵ǱӲ֪ǶӼȻνˡ
ôͱӲ֪Ӽˣ
һ˵Ϊǲ֪ѾͷˡѾŮѵˣʦ˵һɫŮСӻصʲôʱ򣿡
ȿȣѵһ죬˵ѾͷϹ˵ҵҲ룬ֻⲻû
ˣװˡʲôʱȥãôˣöûмЦ˵
ȥȥʲôãɩӡø˵ӣߡкһǰȥ
ӺٺһЦ׷˵˵ѽ㿴ϸⶼ28ˣŮѶûУＱѽʵãѧУûкʵĵŮʦϸһ¡
ϽӿŲʱǵĿͣǰ治Զһũóг

ҹưɣϢҡ
꿴Ȼûȫָűκ֡־ˣɫӡ
ã΢΢̾Ϣһɡ⸱ģҲǵõӦĳͷԺҲӦû˽
ңȽ鴫سǵľưɽҲע澡ʧ
˵ڽ飬Ժ󻹻ϱع⡣ôǶ˾Ͷȫȥˡ
༸ԥ˰֮󣬻ǺƤǰ˵磬ӭʵ֮ǰǡ
ֻǻû˵꣬ͱˡ
ڰ֣֪Ҫ˵ʲôҲûйǡңû˵Ҫ
㲻Ҫȥ֣㲻ǻ˵ʲô´βɢѵҪȥľưɣ
׼˵ȴſڴһЦ漴߽һ40ҵӣ˵Զԣ겢û˵Ҫǲҹ졣
ֿЦ꣬Ǻưɻӭ㣬ֻҪЩǺ
ǰӣҲʶǺưɵϰ壬Żԡǰ뿪ҹ֮ȥҹưɣȴŻ˸ɾ֮⡣
ҡҡͷип⻹޳׼˵߽һ΢ֵӡ
Цѽǲưͬӭ㣬ԸõĴ
΢ֵӵĻո˵꣬ſ½߽ˡ
һüһسҹư⣬Ҿưϰȫˡ
ңȻΪָĽѡôưϰֳˣⴿǸ۵Ļ
ȫҪһΪĴ
ĽʵͬʱҲǳ棬굽׻ѡ
꿴ǰĿƵļλϰ壬ٴθпһ׺øԸıĶ̫ˡЩ֮⣬ȴֺƤˡ
˰ɣǵֻ档
ҡҡͷллλϰ룬Ҳȥ
ȥλϰЩ֣ЩԾոѾ˵ˣزҹ죬ֲȥ⼸Ҿưɡ
ôҪȥֻǹ˵ģ̧Լۣ
ˣӦþǺߡڳ˶Ϊ
ưϰŻ˵֪꣬⡣ʵȫǺɡұ֤ԸõĴ
֪ˣһЦ˵ˣĲȥ
ͶˣǼҾưٺãǲҹưɺã꣬ѡزҹȷġİɣһ㲻Ĵġǿ߽˵


ڶʮ רǿ
ǿ߽ϢңЩĿλϰһۣ˵ˣǹȻҲҹưˣЩڣ궼˵ȥǵľưˣǾʡ˼ɡ
ưϰŻԣһ˵˼ʼɾ˵ˣ㲻ҹġ
ǿԴ˲Ϊ⣬ոҲĻ϶˵ġ
ĿĲǣϣϰܹûϰԼͻˣûӣ
ȻҪӣΪҾưɵ棬͸һӺˡǿţڳһΪܳϿҵ̬˵꣬ǰ뿪ưɣҲеǳźڣȻˣҲеܸˣϣܹﳪȥڴ棬һж˵
ǿ˵꣬ŵĿꡣڴ˵Ȼû⣬Ǿллϰˡ
ǿĻмЦһϰ壬˵ҲġȻⲻԺͲˡˣϵˡҪˣλټ
˵꣬ٴοűһۡҡҡͷϢҵſڡ
ֱ߳ſڣ˶ЩûзӦ
ľˣزҹ죬ҲȥҾưɣҪȥЩСССưɣ׼ԼưɣǮˣ
һ⣬˵дת
꣬Ҫزҹ죬ȫǿ׸ϡ˲ҹ죬Ժͱٻңұ֤سǵưɶ첻ߡǿܻ˵
ԼΣ׿ˣȻֱӾܾˣһػءǿúûӣ仹ôͬϰ壬ԼԼǰ
ϰ壬ԺͲҪˡ국⴫
ǿɫаܺãС֡Ҳҹ죬㻹ڱľưɻȥҾͲ졣
ϰ״Ͻ׷׸ǡȻδؾжǿҲԸʱȥǿùͷ
ǿʱΪӶŭѣ˭˭ù
ưϰ嶼ˣڳȻӲ˵ʲôˡҪ뿪ɣϰĲҲֻӲͷƤϢڡ
ǿһۣǿűʱһ
һ˦֣Ϣҡ
ǿȥϢ˶һֺڰйϵľưϰ壬ȷʵЩ¡
ڵЩˡôӵֱӾܾǿͷһ
ֻǣӾǳ׵ǿԺֻǲûˡ
˶һ̾ϢҲ֪Ϊ̾ϢΪ׸̾Ϣ

˿Ŵ󿨳صӵʱѾϾŵˡ
һߣһ˵ʲôϡʲôʦŮѡáɩӡ֮ġ

106գ峿
ȭŹ䡢λˣվߵǿرϣŵﳤƼõ߲ˣ档
Թҵķ˺λ˾ͶߵسȤ
ΪǳԵĲˣժġ
ţûʲô֣ʵŹֲ﷽оҪöࡣ
Źҡͷ˵ϾҪо˳˺ãζҲãۺ˲֡ʡֲֶΡصĽ
ĵͷѽСĵطʵ١ֻ£ǲ֪ġ
˵ϡϣ˵ĻҶˡȭߵλ˵˵
˵Сģ㻹ʲôǲ֪ϡ£Ͻó˵
ٺЦǻѽҵȷһֻƱֻ졢һЩࡣŶˣϣƱɣ
ƱһǿԹһѵƱҲСӵĳ
漴ȻˡСټӸƱʲô
û˵ֻҪƴƱƱ졢Щ񣬶ʹһ
ЦءҲƱʹ࣬Ķֻͨ߱ͨ΢һ㡣
СӿҪƴЩôôĶﶼԸΪⲻѧĺݺݵĵһۡ
оһӵĶΪֶģȴûһֻԸΪ̫ƽˣ
һЦ˵˵£ﶼ
ĺߺ߽Ժӣ׼ȥĻͷ۾һת˵ѽҺŽҪȥɽ̽һ˵׼ͻʲôΣյĶʱ䣬ǼҵĻͷǺˡ϶ǳģ԰ɣ
ŹҲϽ˵ͬ޵Ĺ۵㡣ɽҿҲΣأлͷڣǾͰĶˡ¾ô˰
˵꣬λ˺ǺЦ߽ԺӣһƲѣʲôרңֱǿ
Ȼûͷλ˽ɽǷǳġǲ˵Ҳ׼
ɽЩطȷΣأлͷڣҲܷһЩ



ڶٰʮ Թ
Թ緹Ź䡢λרԼǵȥ˰ɽ
ͷȻҲţ񣬻ͷԵΪ˷ܡ
λרҼͷô˷ܣҲЩ⡣˵ЩĶǺԸһ
һȥسǽ⡣
֮һΪҪһû˵ĵطİѿռЩѾԵĹŪ
ȻҿЩشȥԱԡ
Ҳûа취飬ֱܲڴڰѹŪɡû͹ġ
ӴسȥͿԽ͵ͨˡ
Ѿ԰ĸ˵ˣź֣ڴڵšͻѵһȥ
ڵĹ԰40ĶݹСĲͬһĶؿֲĹڼʮ굽һ֮䡣
ռƷЩԺ󻹻϶Ĺøߴࡣֲʱ֮ľҪ
ȻԺ󳤵ڰڣһռ䶼ûУǾЩˡ
ȻռҲҪ̫ʵһЩ͹ˡ
ԣũׯ԰ݹĲͬһĶصֲ50굽100֮䡣40Ķأܹ3000ҡ
3000ҵĹԣ10ҵʱɡȻֱҪ鷳̫࣬ȴǿԾùõϼʮʱ䡣
سһشȽƫƧĽѡһطڹ·ֻ̣ÿ֪İѹŪַװߡ
Ѿϵˣܹ208X4ؿԼػЩһרҵ乫˾
֮ػȻΪ˷ѹװϳԼж³ʡ㡢ݡ
Ȼľصûи乫˾ҪҵطѹŪٰ֮Ѿĵص乫˾
乫˾˺ΪʲôôôҸɾˡ
׼ᣬڡһ400˲ǰĿյϡ
ƻâֹһ50ꡣ
400ߵͲͬĹ̬졢ļһ𣬿ȥΪ׳ۡ
׼شӵĵһ
ЩʵûгҲǳٽԣҪ̫ԱǲԡΪ԰ȥػ豸ȫ˹
ӸոպãԱǲҲ̫ѡ
ӿռŪ֮óֻ乫˾Ǳߴ绰ǵ
ӵ绰乫˾ϳҵųӳǴͻݲӡ
ܿ죬ϳĳӾ͵ֳִ
˫һ֮󣬱㿪ʼװһֻװ10꣬400Ҫ˲ꡣ
⵹Ϊ̫أ̫ռռˡ
ػİ£ܿͽװáĳӣƺƵʥʻȥ

ʥڡ
԰ѾҺšũׯԭе30Ա֮⣬ڴ͸ڼ100ΪʱԱ
Ҫ400е󡣲ŵˣȹȫ֮󣬳Ĺ⣬Ҷⷢ
˹֮⻹нãҵȻǳߡڴڴһߵѹ˻һ졢
10㣬ƺƵĳӳڴڡ
Աһüһ׳ѽ20ȫ10׳ؿͣ޴ޱȣҲЩһ
һ滹һλ30ӡ
壬ˡܻȽۡ˵
ЦǲۣûɣģЩ춨Ȼȫȥ
ڸӵʱԱҲЦǼС˼
ϣǾˡȰѹӳŪʦǻȥһˡ˵
ϣԱǴӦһǰȥ泵ӶĹǣӳж
٣ϵܣ̹ѽϳŴæµĳ棬еЩ˼顣ͨڳϵʱ䣬ҲȽˣԾͺϵˡ
ǺЦһж׼׶ΡԺϸҪѽ
һһϳ˵⻰ǿ׼Ժʱ͹תת
ʥжţۼ˼顣
ȻҪҪһָо˺ܲ򵥡
10Ӻ200ȫӳжϳųӼȥ200
ûȥԱһȥ˹԰
˻ֹ˸ߴ׳һ࣬һĶֲһֹ
ȻϵˮĹЩҲһжߴ󡣱ӣۡ۵ģúܡЩĽСúܡ
ֹԼ漸Ҫ½ĹǵֲҪôţ
ѾǰԱˡҪԭǣ˵ĸߵԼˮ
ƻ߿Դﵽ15ϣڱȽϸߵĹҲΪˮ֮һֲڹ԰ƫλá
ٱ߿ɴ40ϣʵҲȽСֲڹ԰ġ
ԱԹ˳ҲȰ̧԰
һҪĸ̧һٶһ˿̧30꣬200Ҫ̧ˣҲ
Сʱ֮200ȫ̧԰˸Ӧ
Ϳʽˡ



ڶٰʮһ һֻ֪ĸ裬
سǣ򹤵ķꡣ
꣬ף㡣Ҳȥ˾ưɣɹˡϰ˵ԵΪеˡ
ѽ硣Ƕû뵽㾹Ȼᳪһ˺ĸ衣Ҷ׸ҶءһԱ˵
ϰ塢Сƽллǡʱ䣬ûٱչˣллǡ꿴ǰΪе˵ϰСƽԵĸм
ʱ䣬ůΨС꣬Ψϰ㣬Ψеͬ£оů
㲢ûΪʹ·ֲƸͬҲȥʲôػ
˵ϣм˳֮⻹˭ǾϰԼͬǡ
죬һϰࡣʱŷ֣ЩᡣϰְĻҲЩ˵ڡ
㿴ЩֹģѾµ˵ʲôˡʵ곪һ֪һϰˡ
ǸصˣȻܹһ˺ø裬ֻ²һ㡣꣬ҲǸ
ЩпЩˣΪеˡ
Цļ˵֪꣬˵ʲôһϰ࣬Ǻúõĺһ
ûǸ˭ҲûְԺôչΪ֪ԣһġûиԺҲһġ
꿴㣬صĵ˵ͷѸתȥΪ۾ѾЩģ˿

ũׯæڷϰ࣬Ƕ֪ʱϣڡҵδΡж𱬡
صֱ䣬04521Ĺͻ˰ءһСʱ֮ãȥ
100ˣڵƵڣСʱ
˵ˣЩˣò˼顣˴۾ǣ100棬ֻ10׸裬ֻһ顣
Ҳ˽죬ҵδΡ׸裬߸ȷе˵׸ĸϳ׵Ļˡ
һѣʲô
㣬϶ǡҵδΡ
һʲôĸ裿
㣬֪ûҲ֪
һЩ۵飬ȷȷʵʵˡ
ãôȫ˵ʲôҵδΡ⵽ʲô˭дģ˭ģ
˭дĲ֪˭˵һˡҪ˭Ҳ֪
˵һʲôưﳪģûзе⵹ǰʱܻ𣬵ȻҲܻһظ֣ظġ⡷ѵʲôҵδΡҲظ糪ģظ磿
ôһ˵ȷпܡã֪˭ҲͰˡŪԴ׸ѽھֻ֪һʲô


ʡǣ鳪Ƭ
ӨӨ㣬׸û˶ֻ֪һΪʲôôأӨСʵ벻ͨΪʲôһ״ֻ֪ĸô
Өڿһ־ʻƲƲ죬˵˭֪ءһ͸ô󶯾ӦҲСͰɡ
ǸСӣ۾һʵӨӨ㣬֪˭
Ҿһ£ȷӿɲȥ˵ǲܸǵܼ֪࣬𣿡Ө˵
Ŷ֪ˡӨӨ㣬˭ѽ֪ƺܲ
Өһۣӻʡ
ͷ˵ֻһ˫Ĵ۾ʱʱĻӨ
Өֹд¸趼֪˼һҲ顣

һֹ˾
һ߾軪Ҳ顣
磬˵׸ôãͬʵ
軪ҡҡͷ˵˵׼Ȼֻƾһô𣬿϶ĵġӰģҵ뵽һһˡ
ѵʦƷⲻܡʦƷôһưɸԭأ˵
軪ͷȷ̫ܣҲԡֵĶʦпԶΪпΪĳһԭʦΪ䴴һ׸裬ҲǲܡռһⷽϢܲϵλĸ֡ϵȻһˡ
õģ磬ҾŬ˵
š軪ͷ΢΢ü˼

ĶԻڶ֡Ƭ˾֡һ״ֻ֪ĸ裬ֻע⵽һԻĲ롣
ЩǸ֮⣬ĿҪӴ̫ڶײ֡ưɸֳ֣ǰδеͼ
Ϊ׸贫˵еݳ꣬һײĸֻ֡ϸ˵ǻĸ֡
Ȼ궼ܵõһ˺ø裬ǲҲпܵõأ
ȻἫãеͷҲھϵõһ˿ο



ڶٰʮ ũׯĹ
ʱ÷ǳ⣬ִĴʷӾ硶ɴ桷722տһֱϡ
ײ֮ӡط̨׷ǰ򲥷Ȩ
ڣɴ桷Ȼڸ̨Ȳɴ桷Ҳעڹڸӽ϶ɧ
ȻⲿӾ֮Ի˳ɹұܲɷֵĹϵ
ײ׳ȴѪڵ֮裬Ѿ˻Ĵϱ
ǺɵĿǰΪֹɹĵӾ磬û֮һ
ɵȻǸˬˡҲˣԼһʱ䳤٣׼úһɹϲá
죬뼸λȦһԷԷĹⲻҪ졣ţȻĵ˽ΪȵĻ֮һһֻ֪ĸҵδΡ
Ϻ˵ⲻĳƬ˾ΪĳּҪе׸裬⳴İɣһλʵ
ЦȷܣûгûȦǡƾһܽˣֻˡ
Ϻ֪˵˭Ҳ㻹Ը⡣һλƬ˵
ɰֵҲԸ⣬ǸСӣǣλʦԸⱻ˴šлһģǻŲϺ
Сӣʦ˶Ĳ׽˺仰ص㣬ǺɵĿźɣĵѵλʦ᣿ȻǹϵٺãҲܳΪСӡ
ɼɫԼһӣô˵©ءƣԶʧǳе
æŶˣҴ绰һ׸ǲʦƷԽͷ֮󡣺Ǻǣ
˾һͬʱ˵Ͻ򡣡
ȻϺҲ֪һ˵һóֻߵһ䣬绰ȥˡ
˴ʱȫû˳Է˼ȫ䣬ϸɴ绰

ʥ塣
һԱԹ׼ȥ߲תһתһĲ˳ΡֻͻȻ
óһǺɴġһˡҲһʺɡ
ٺ٣绰ʱҲҪأ
ǻˣϵܣʡ
Ǻǣϸȴ绰ģ˵

绰УҪʵ飬ȻǹڡҵδΡġ˵ϹڡҵδΡ΢΢Щ졣ڣһֱûϹһ֪
׸ȷƷûıҪңҪʵҲ׸йء
ũׯǩԼֵѯ˺ɣίкɰæһݺͬɺܸ˵ӦһֱϣΪЩʲôæˣȻˡ
󣬺ɻѯһֱĹũׯũׯݶ1020ʽӪҵȾȷһʱ֪ͨ
Ҷϵ绰һǰ߲һĥũׯ顣
԰ĹȫҪ10ҵʱ䣬Ǹʱ߲Ĳ½ȵ20ңһ˾ͿԲժ
мʱ䣬СԺҲʽ깤Ҳʱ֣ϴ绰ðס׼
ֲڴӸũСԺҲڽܹĵʩСµ׵ʱ򣬾ͿԶοǿˡũСԺĿǰڽĹ5ңͳһΪԵС
Ե¥ҲũׯڴĴƵ꣬ȡΪԵ¥Ҫҵʱ䣬ܶӪҵ
Ȱѹ԰Ĺȫ֮󣬽еũׯļͳһ
ũׯССڡصʱ򣬰Ҳһ
УλϴĴ10Ķ⻹5ĶңʣµȽСֻ1Ķҡ
й͡һ廯졣ϴĵǿڳܣԼĸ޽һ۾ͤÿ޽һ۾ͤ
ｫֲɻ˯ȹֲֳŹࡣȻҲпɹοǴĵ
ȫе㣬ᱻȫа취ռ̳һֽĶ
ϳĲ࣬ȴøԶꡣ飬԰еøɸɾһʣ
ͨɾȻҪֳռ̳硣̳㡢㡢㡢ȳ򲻳ĸ磬ӦоС
Щ㳤ζȻǾޱȡͲοͣԵֵζջ
οô죿ԼȥũׯоУûǾͼ
ȻҪշѵģҲˡЦԵռƷ㣬ܱ
ѵûУȻУ߶٣ĲաңζԻĴ󲿷á
⣬רҵ̨ҲҪʱڴáصѾѡˣũׯ߲3ԶҲԶһķϵƽأ5Ķҡ̨ٺʲˡ
ĹСüæµһʱ䡣
ѽ뵽


ڶٰʮ СԺ
߲תһȦе߲˳ƼãٶҲ졣Щ߲ͨ˵ٶȿ˽ӽһ
10ŮԱΪƹϡ˿ϡϵҪ߲ܵ˴ӡЩҪ߲ܵȫ67
Щ߲˳֮죬10ԱѾֲֵ֡ʱ򣬿Ų͸оǿڳô죬ǲûожྪȡ
ǰһЩģԱǼ߲˳̫ܲˡڿԼˡ
ת߲ȥСԺĹؿ˿
ĽȸоеĻ죬10СԺṹѾɣѾԳˡ
30ƽҵľסС硢۱¡Ժǰ2ҵأԴС
СԺԱȳС¥̸ջš
Ͻóֻ֣绰֪֣Ѿ͡
ڵĽȣһ֮СԺԿס
绰ܿͽͨˣһ˵绰ͷʱ֣ˬʵЦ֣ʾһ֮ϰϼ׼ʱʥ塣
һ죬ڴתơû취ڴദطڽŵʩУũׯׯܵĴǡ
϶ڡҵδΡ׸ĺֻѡʱԲסˡ
ũׯʽӪҵ죬ũׯ׸ͽΪʽһ׵ʱ׸ҲϴQDƽ̨ء
7㣬100ԱͬŬ£ӿռŪ400ȫɡ
죬編ƣŪ400
⼸죬ԹԱ˵ȷǳࡣȹȫ֮ҲģÿһλԱһ
صʱȥɽλרҺǵ֣ҲѾˡ
λרϲɫı飬֪ǽ춨ȻŲջ
ŹɫһϲкСӻˣ¡
˿ŹɫоӦǺ£߹ȥЦôϽڰɽʲôϡֲˣ
Ź䶢һۣ˵ȥȥʲôָ˵ˣҲ£ϰ˵Ǵ޽ڳСԺ
ЩֵĿŹһۣ˵ǰҪ⣿
ֹҲҪһСӸ߹˵
ˣ˵ϣҪڰɽڿ찡
Źڵȷ̡ҪΪǶԽԽϲˣԺ󰡣׼Ǵӳסˡ
סЩϡϣǿǿѧԺԺʿڲؿѧԺ᲻᲻̫ѽ
ЩεĿһۣ˵СӲɡǳ죬Ĵβ򼸸£һĴ档ˡ
Ȼˣӣ漴ٺһЦ˵ԭˣλԺʿסʥ壬ֱʥѽһ֮ͿסˣʱλԼȥѡ֣ϵʱҲҪ
֣ϣĸ֣ϣŹ䡢ͬʱʵ
֣ͯ࣬λӦʶ
ԭСѽǺֹʶԭҲҪãðλרͬʱЦ
ӣ֣Ҫסƺǳˡ
˵Ĺϵܲһ㡣Ҳǣ˵һСܴȴֶϵò֡
λԺʿԸⳣסʥ壬˵һ֮ϲԺеˡ
ϡϡмλԷˡϰֺ
ͬʱӦ

ļ죬ÿ϶͵͵ܵϴǸطӿռŪһȻɹĳشӣԱٽԵ԰
ռƷЩҲõĴ⡣ͷȥڶȥʱԲԣûһļ
˹֮⣬⼸ʱ䣬ũׯһйɵĽС
߲߲һһۿžҪˡСԺҲѾ깤10СԺųһţСۣбĸо
οǼ˾ϲѣ׷ܵСԺǰ
ӡԼ10ŮũׯӪ׼ҲѾɡƳӳơӡСԵũׯʶĻũׯֲƷ׼׵
ֻũׯʽӪҵ

1013ա
ʱ࣬԰40Ķȫ˹๲45ֲ֣3338ꡣƻ桢ҡۡۡâ֦ȵȡ
СԺҲڽɨϡ죬֣ͽʥ壬ʥ
ҲԱǣʼũׯڵ졣



ڶٰʮ Ͱõ
10137㣬峤
׼õⷿͬݸ峤˵壬Ҹոմӡⷿͬ㿴
ոڰ칫¥ӡġڰ칫¥¹5̨ӡӡǲɽ缯ˡ
峤ӹֻͬԵĿ˿Щȫ
֮˵ˣӡ𣿻᲻һ㣿
棬֮ǰͺʹ峤дĽǣһСԺһ1⣬һ2000
ֻǴҾ΢Щߣ²ȥ۸񶼿سһ׺õķˡ
Ц壬ģ۸һ㶼ߡ⻹ֻǵһԺۻøǡسЩ׷ôܸǵСԺأ
ͷţЩ۹ɱҪ߶ˣǾôˡ
һǺ£һСԺ1ʮ10򡣼Ժ۸ǣʥÿÿ궼ֵܷ1000Ǯˡ
漴˵ӣϺҪ⣿
ЦȻҰѼ۸һ˵ֱˣǰһء֣ϵֱ֮Ӹǩͬˡ
ûƭ峤Ź䡢Ķľ̫ˡ羰ҲͲ˵ˣڻʤأԽԽ󡣱˵һ1򣬾23ߣǶԸ⡣
ȻҲΪġȴӺũׯڹڰ״죬ȥǸʱǴӵСԺƾֻܹͨ۵ķʽˡ
õȷϣԵЩ˵̫ˣǰĸ󣿲˵СԺΪԺΪ˿̽ɽ㣿
ЦӦöС㲻֪Ƕÿϻ¶ϲɫڻûɽѾ˲Сķ֡Ҫڿˡңϵ˼ѧԺƺҪ
Ҫɽôö鼤ɻҲС
ͷɽϵȷϡĶֲΪѾ˵ġЩδãЩйߣˡ
Ҳͷ˵öԣǲЩϣɽϵĶרʧźá
ݸЦȻᡣ壬һ顣Һ塢ǽ׼ȫͷָǰɡôÿÿ˵㡣ңҹŵʱӦûοֳ壬ʱ㰲š
ǲİＸÿ궼һη㡣ΪﹲекüڣιҲȫ˹С
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ֺʹ峤һЩ飬ȻŸǻؼҡ

1014գ峿
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ŹȻѾôɽǽϢһ졣첻Ҫȥæɡ֣֮Ҳȥ
С֣Ѿسǣƽ10ҵӡ
ĵͷţ֪ˡʱȥڵСһϲ
²Ķϣﰵ֣⻹ͯѽԸǲҪѾϲɾˡ
Ȼͯȥ֣࣬ҲͲˡרİǼ
Թ緹պ7룬ϰ֡廹СѾͷһ
ϰֺæСѾͷȻˡֻСѾͷܺǹƶǷǳֵģܺǷǳϲ
ǡЩܺҪ˷һˡ
ŵϿͨûʲô𡣵ʵȴͨǿռ̳湺ġ
κ඼ЧԼꡣãô
80ס5ףһֵ1000ֵŻ2000ֵˡ
˵ʱ롢Լũׯ30ԱзӡӵˣҲѾˡ
ֵܺӺʹҲѾ˲١ʱ仹磬ǻûο͡
ӣҲˣǾ׼ʼˡ˵
Цõģ塣ˮݺ
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ͰǴʱʹõİͰľͷɣʳΣ2׿3׳ȴԼΪ50ףײɴ״
˰·ŵˮȻǰʹáڴ棬Ҫõʱ򣬶档
ȻϾǴȴҪ࣬ҲҪࡣûùˣվǿ϶ľսоʱҪһ
ΪõĶ΢һ㣬ͰͻһҡһεġһζķȻȽϴ󣬸оʱᷭʵǷǳȫģˡ
һͰ·ŵˮһͰˡһľһͰ͵ˮС
ƱصİͰϤĲ£Сһ㡣



ڶٰʮ 
һͰĶȥ
ڣ20ͰϰֺҲеһͰϡ
ȻҲڰͰϣ⡣Ͱϳ֮⣬СѾͷССƽܺӡ
׼СһģСһ硢硢硱˰죬ҲûʲôΣԣҲͬˡ
ŰͰСһſڰͰϣֻˮˮֱۡʱʱˮץһѸƼԶԶӳȥòֺ
ƼﳣƮֲҶ״Գƣɫǳɫ̰ɫЩɫġԲΣλ״ԲΣȫԵ
ƬƮˮϣһץһѡ
ȻҲеˮ϶иƼиƼˮռʮ֮ҡ
ЩƼһֳȥͿˣȫȥ
20Ͱˮػˮݡָ֦͡Ƽܿͱɾ
½ϰͰҲȫϰΪڴˡ
ʵϣ˶Ḷ́ȳȤֻ㣬ķʽ׽Ҳһ
磬ÿ¹֮ӡϪˮԼһЩũﶼˮÿʱ򣬴ܺӡˣʹһЩˣդȥˮȱڽ㡣
դƽŻ΢һǶȵİȱˮҹ̶ãЩˮΧһȦ
դԱߣʱʱͻлСĸ㣬ˮ嵽դϣֱդ׽Ϳˡ
֮ԶԽôȤҪΪܽḶ́Լʱʱһľϲ
Ҳһÿյʱ򣬿ŴССﻶڣҶеǳ˷ܡ
Ȼķʽ֮⣬һֳĲ㷽ʽ㡣
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ǽҪȻ㡣
ЩʱҪˮ10ѮˮҲ䡣Ƕ죬Щ鷳ˡ
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Ҫһߣһֱ棬Ȼ
ҲΪ˷ܡûôһж㣿˷ܡ
̫ˮ̫ˮﵽ5סǰҪˮµһʵİһЩʯͷԱܹˮס
ȻʯͷҲ̫أպܹӳˮ׵ʡʯͷ̫أе˼Ҳ
עˣʼˡʯͷúһָ
ѡΪΪƽװ㡣
ϱߣ˽Ӱʯͷһ·ŵˮˮʯͷ£³
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ϣȥͬʱӦһȻ¿㣬ֻһ㣬һˮ
֮˸ˮ棬ʾѾȫס
ˡˮǰѾ
ߵȾ5ÿ100׳
ͷĸֱšмֱӴվš
ӹ1010˹ͬĳνΪ׳ۡ
Χ۵ĴԽԽ࣬ǻûмôġ˸ɴԶ뵽Ķ鵱СȻʹ˳̵о൱񫣬ӲͨӣȻô綼ˡ
˹ͬʹ£ӿʼһƶ
ˡ˶һҲ֪ڲֻǿʼӻԽԽأΪԽԽࡣ

˷ʱ
֣ࡢϼѾִʥڡŵĶࡣ
ͷӣ˵˰Щ޵ôãûǮϼŴڵĽԾ󣬺ǵôǮʱܲӯ
֣Ҳ΢΢ЩԾϴʱոտʼû뵽޵ôáҿڻ޽Ƕ¥ṹģȻС
ǲΪԺܲ׬Ǯġûյ飬СӾԲɡ
ЦЦ˵ЩͲΪˡǽȥɣȥ֪֮ϴĻȥЩƬǲƭ˵ˡ
ѾˣǴѾԿеľɫˡϼ˵ڲ֪֣Ϊһֱ߶Ҫס
Ϊû壬Ѿϲطˡ
֣ϼ˵ЩЦЦ壬һŤͷȴȻ֣ԶˣӰЩ졣



ڶٰʮ Χ
˱֣֣ϸۣһ˿ϲȴɻ󣬡Сô
ϸһĥ漴Ȼ֪ΪʲôˡȻǱǴ
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˵ǰŵˣҿҲͦϤġϼ֣߹ȥ߱˵
֣Цźޣ㵱ȻϤˡǶȻ֪ʱ򵽣뿴ܷܲǡСӶˣ
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סȻˡߣǸϽȥˣȥС㣬ͦ˼ġŹЦ
㣿֣ࡢϼҲ۾һƺҲͦȤ

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Ѿ֮һľ룬ʱԿܵŵˮϷڡ
ʱΧѾΧ˲οˡЩοͶΪˣͺлֳ㡣˵ڻôһҪʮͬʱĴ档
һ¸߰ĦȭƣƺҲ뵽ȺСǿǰĳˮʱ򣬸Ե˷ܡ
˷׷óֻջ¼񣬸˵ĴСС
Ҫæ𣿡ο̲סʵ
ҲԣǺðѡһͿԡȺ֮УЦŴ滹źܳһأϰ˶û⡣˶ҲҪһЩ
ˡ
οʹЦһѡһʹųصһǰƶһˬ
̧ͷܿһ£10ϣѾ100ˡ
Ҳһˣ˳ȥţ˳۲һǰȺ
Ѿһľ룬ǰ㷭ڵĸ
ڡԭȻڵû䵽档
ͨ㶼ߣԼ±ӵȥҲһЩֱӴˮ䵽ȥ
ڣϵ˼㲢Ҳ档ЦЩǲ̫ˣɵȴҲñס
ʱȥ
ȵӾŻ10ҵľʱѾܹǰȺˡ
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ʵ㲢࣬ĹƣҲ8000ҡΪƽʱûôҲûн˹ι
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಻࣬һﲻ١10صѾ˲١ƽʱﲶ㣬ʹõͨЩһѱ
ˡЩһҲֻùԹԵ־ˡ

ʱ򣬸ո׼ŹЦ
ߣѡ˳ԡҲЦ
ʱŹ䡢ġ֣ࡢϼҲϵˣպøʱ
οҲԽԽ࣬㣬󲿷οͻǷǳȤġ
˵Χô˸أԭ㣬˼
٣һûмֳءҲ̫˰ɡ
ȷе࣬ٵмǧʲôӣʵѽ

ο۷׷ףΪ׼ȺˣЩοͣһĪС
ָоɱȳҪöࡣ
ʹһѾϾͿ԰ӹ̶ˡһδ
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ߵҲѾ20ͰƽһſװһЩˮ㽫ʱŵͰ档
ʼඣ֪˭һʱ20˴ЦţøʽĹߣͣĴ㡣
㣬ʱ20Ͱ档


ڶٰʮ οǵջ
һ۵ͰһַյϲøС
ʹ峤վڰͰϣһ߿һ˵ʲô
峤ÿÿд𣿡ʵ
˵ˣֻеĶ࣬ǿɳԲôࡣ
Ц壬ûйϵǳԲˣôο㿴Űɣôϲ˵㣬϶̲ס빺ԭ㰴ձг۸һ㡣ڿôοͰҴԵһǮˡСһǮһеȵǮһǮһô塣
룬Цô죬͵һ¡οʣµٷ֣ж١Ҳ⡣
ǵȷֵܷ㣬ִҶûΪ㣬ϪˮһǺüƽʱˡ
㣬ǸϲĹ̡
һȻҲ֪ž˵ͼο͡͵ǸлοǣôʱԴӵ֧֡
Ǯһ10ġһ˲ûͷ֪˭ˡ
Ƭ֮Ź䡢ġ֣ࡢϼߵʹ峤Ավո˵Ź䡣
ЦϣҪô㣬ҪΪ֣Ͻӷ𣿡
Źһۣ˵ҪСӹôࡣ
һЦ֣ࡢϼ˵֣ϣӭѽλӦþŰˣŰһ·ˡ
֣΢ЦͷϼǴһȻĵͷ˵С̫ˡ
ȡ˳ɼȴûиһַâ¶ĸоǸһƽ糣ĸо˵ûΪԼȡõĳɼһ˿Ľϼľ˲
ǲϰϰ壬شϼĻȻں
ŤͷһֻοڳлһˣǾӵ֡ո˵֡
Цԭ磬ոǻ˵¶ء㲻Ҽ۸񻹱ˡСһǮһеȵǮһǮһΣ
ո߽ļο󣬶һ㶡Ҳ뵽ҪĻӦûг۱һЩҲ̫˰ɣֱǰ
ֲϰ˵ģû𰡡
ͷȻġһΪ˸лոЩæοͣǸлҳʱԴӵ֧ˡ
ϰǴֱʣǿɾͲˡֵһϲҲûп֪˼ϰɲǮ
ЦҿԼǲġ
ȻԼո߽ļοͣЦڰͰѡȥˡ
˵ͼ飬ѸٴΧһӴȥ

˵𣿴Ǳ㣬Ҽ۸͵൱ڰ͡
ǿߣҲȥơ
ԽԽϢοͶȥһЩο͸ոսϢҲֱȥ
һǱ۸͵൱ڰ͡򴿴Ϊ棬Ҫȥ
һΧοԽԽࡣ˵Ц໥֯ò֡
ʱѾ㱻20Ͱ棬飬Ϊ׳ۡ
ο²ΧŰͰ㣬СеģǱˮʪ·Ҳ⡣
̫һ͸ˡ
βٵ5̫ѵõˡ
ǲģ㿴ͬǺβ㣬ôҲϣǱҴסˡ
ǸﶼϲģҾϲְһġ
˭æ̫ˣһ˻û취
ѾͰλÿ滹˵ء

ʹ峤˿ǰֵĳ棬ҲǸˡִһ˿⣬Щɣǿɲϡ
ӣҪһô߹ʵ
ͷ˵壬һ飬е㶼ɾ
֮ԻҪһ飬Ϊոմʱ㱻ΪŪȥˡ
һĻΪپͲˡ
ϣӦһ󣬺˴ٰһ顣
һʮڣѾһ㶼ûˡ

꣬¼Աοѡ㡣Լкˣżһȥһ
ʣµļҪСö࣬ҲҪסٵĶࡣ
ο˵Ҫȥһ㣬Ҳæϡոջûп񫣬øȥһ
һȻ編ơ
4ʱܹ㣬ȫɾһʣ
ӵοǣȥʱ϶㡣
˵һջ
ջΪֵǮǵõḶ́Լϲõ顣



ڶٰʮ ũׯ߲˶
֮ϰ֡壬֣˻ص￪ʼе࣬Ź䡢ĺǵ֣֣򸾣һңҳԷ
ʱ仹磬Ź䡢ġ֣ȥ峤ǩⷿͬλרҵ֣ʱλרסһСԺǵĽɽ豸ʵ֮ǽɽʱֱסɽ
峤󣬴峤λ˷ֱǩһⷿͬ
λɶǴҲѹִ峤ô
һ1Ǯλ˿ֱ̫ˡ
ǩͬ峤ȥԼԷ˳һλסСԺ顣
峤ȻȻͬ⣬΢׼һһ
λԺסСԺҲʥľˡȻˣôǨ¾ӣǵðմϰ
ʲôϰףλ˲ǺԾǰˣʱӡָӡˡ
ڴ¾ӵ̣ѾǳϤˣǰŰ
峤ϰֵ˿˿ӣʺϰ¾ӵǺ죬Ҳ1016ա
ú쵹ǸոպãѱҪƷʱŵԼٰСԺͿˡ

1015ա
Թ緹֣ࡢϼŹ䡢ļȥسǲɹƷӿȥöҲ㡣
ԼûȥΪ컹Ҫ顣ũׯʽӪҵʱ䣬Ѿ1028գ
2㣬׼ԱǿᣬһЩ顣
⣬ǫļƻũׯĿǰ׶εĿ۾ͤݳ̨ҲҪڽ쿪ʼ
ڳСԺѾɣҲܹó֣ʼĿĽˡ
ЩС̣Ψڴм޽۾ͤĹ鷳һЩǫרҵŶ˵ͬʲôѵĹ̡
̵ĹԤ10ҡ
磬׼ȥĿص㿴һ
̨Ĺأǿ׷к
΢ЦһһӦЩɶ屲ҵ
ǫŶӵļʦ֮⣬30СЩСǰԹЩʱеġ
ô»ԸɣСҲǳˡ
ƣ޽̨ʳΣ40ס20ף2ס̨һ10ס5׵ҺȻдҡϢҡױҵȵȡ
̨ǰԼߣǿ1000ҵο̨
ʱｫΪοǿš
￴һ֮ȥ۾ͤĹתתͬһƬȺľΧΧ˲ٿֵĴ

1룬ũׯ칫¥ҡ
֮⣬˶Ѿˡ
ڣû˵Цϣҵ¶ܸߡ
ټũׯҪʽӪҵˣҸ˷ܺڴ
ǶĴײˡСײˣҶ˰ɡŰʱ䣬ȻժˡҲ֪ŪӣⳤҲ̫ˡ
ײ˱ͳÿ졣7Ļƹϡ˿ЩڶѾܹǶˡǲŽп죬ֱһһ
ҽ翴ˣ˵翪ҪĿģЩ˵Ķ⡣˵˵ũׯĲǮźʣ
ôҲñг۹һɡ
УһũׯĲˣҿٱг۹һ
Ҳٵùһӿ˵ˣЩ˺ֵЩһóԡһҶˡ

һߵ⣬պ˵һ
һ͹΢΢һЦ߽ҡ
ˣ˼׷к
ϽʾҲÿһЩͺáڻ飬̫ʽӴܣҲϰߡ
ºҲߵԼλ£Ȼ˵Ҷ֪ǽ翪ҪĿˣҲͲظˡҽŸոջһǵ
˵˵һǸ˵һ̫٣ٵùһ˵ǲ̫ˣ1.5ͺá
ܵ˵˵ڣг۹һ֮䡣
˵СЦӦöԹҼֵЩ߲˺ˮˡҾζΣ
٣ӡûʲôĻòʲôݴʡҾ;Щ˺ˮζӦϲеġһԱ˵
Ϻ˵öԣϲеζ
ԣԣϲеζ
ĻôҹЦȴͬһЩ˺ˮζɣǻݲǳóԾˡ
ҲЦ˵úܺðȻϲеʵǼ۸Ȼˡ
˶ΪȻĵͷʵӣǲѾжˣ˵˵
ͷڶҵȷѾˣȴҸո˵ļ۸΢һ㡣С㣬ݼ۸ңÿһݡ
˵꣬ϵһ۸ݸ㣬ո֮ǰӡġ
õģ硣һ20ŮӴӦһ漴߹нӹ۸
Ȼ˳򷢵ҵС
õ۸ˣȲϿȥ֮һ㶡
Ǹո˵ļ۸ֻһ㣿



ڶٰʮ ۸ô
ÿһλԱõ˼۸˷ƺ֪۸񣬲ûʲô֮⣬˶΢΢ЩԾ
߲ƣ뻹˵ӣ۸ǲ΢һ󣿱ײˣ15Ǯһʱ᲻᲻
Ҳ΢΢ͷȻҲΪġɽ缯ϣײ˼۸һ15
ȻҲ֪µļ۸񡣴еļ۸϶һЩӦҲĿɡ
15Ǯһƺȷ̫һ㡣
ͷΪʲô뷨Ȼò˵ζ϶ǳãվҲǲ˶ѡ
ǣ˵ζã۸һЩûйϵҲԸ򡣵ñȽ϶࣬ȻͲԸˡζһͲһɣֲǲڣҪǮȥôģ
뷨ȻûдֻǣԺũׯĿˣ϶Ҳ뷨
ûйϵũׯ߲˰Ժ½ƳҪÿһũׯĿ˶
ʵϣũׯĲҲ㲻ôĿˡũׯֻҪһֿ˾͹ˡ
ڴײ15Ǯһ۸ϸǺġ۸Ȼǹ󣬵ֻҪҳζܹܵ˻Ƿǳࡣ
Ҫ֪Щ߲˲ֻζãԵĻ𽥸ʣԽԽá
һ㣬ҲԶԶЩܡ۸񰺹ЧȴеĸౣƷܹȵġ
УԵռĲƷ̫ҲԲ˼Եռ䲻ǡ
ȴһ֮ʾҰ˵Ҿü۸еģΪȷʵǹ󡣵Ҫũׯ߲ģǵ߲˾ۡ
㲻ۣҪۡңǵļ۸񻹲г۸仯仯г۸ҲãҲգһۡǵļ۸ҪҲԺԼ
˵Ȥ׷׷ЦȻЩֵһ˿⣬ũׯĲ˾ۣ㡣
΢΢һЦ˵ʵȫΪ۸ġǾԸո˵ĴײΪϼеļ۸ȷˡһЩУײ˵ļ۸ʱĿ顢顣ھǡħȳУ۸񻹻ߡ
Щײ˵ôܸũׯأҶ֪ũׯĲ˲ζãԻǳкô
Уҿܻû뵽ǵĿͻĿ꣬ɲǵسǡȫأǹ⡣ũׯĲƷȫΨһģȫ磬ֻһҡ
ԣҸõļ۸⣬õĿͻԴ⡣
ȫֻһңһȴԽԽһֻȻĸо
Ȼǲ֪ṩӺͲǴģǾȻ˵ǵũׯȫһ޶ģǾ;ȫһ޶ġ
ȫһ޶ѽ붼˼
УǸտʼȷǰѿͻĿ꣬һĶֵظ⸽˵ԸôĲ˵ˣȷࡣ
ͻĿȫأǹ⡣ôԸôĲ˵ˣȻҪöˡ
뵽ԺȫصˣɫɫˣũׯƷ˶̲סļڴ
׷׷ԼĿ
ӣ˵̫ˡòȫǵĲ˾ֵۡ
ǣǵĲ˿ҪȫȥǹȥģӦġ
ӣǵĲܹ򵽹ȥ𣿡ʵ
ͷЦȻܣʱ䲻̫ҿǷǳĵġǲ֪ûģ
ǵȻҲˡ
ֻҪŷӣǾġ
˶ϸܵһǿţǸоܰȫҲũׯδġ
ĵͷ˵ľͺáȻˣôڼ۸Ҫ뷨˵Ҽ۸󣬶ԣҳϼ۸ǹ󣬵ҾҪۡ
˵ĶԣǾۣ򡣡
ǣ㲻Ȼ򡣡
Ļ۾һۣ򡱣⻰ţƣ
˰֮ֵȻǵ㡣Թ˿ʱ̬ȻǱǳѺáй˿;ùʱĵĸ˿ͽͣ۸ΪʲôǧܶԹ˿˵ۣҪ򣬲
ĻһЦ
ӣЩǿ϶֪ģͷİɡ
ѽӡЩǶ
΢΢һЦȻҲҲܷĴ˵ôǵļ۸񣬴ڻûʲô飿
ûУͬش
ЦˣȻҶ߲˼۸ûˣôǽĻ͵ˡɢᣬæʲôȥæʲôɡ
ϣ
˴Ӧһһߺкһ˵Ц߳ҡ



ڶپʮ Щʲô
֮Ҳˡ
ޱƷþߵȵװС복˼˰æѶʱᵽԼţٰᵽλѡõСԺС
1016գ8㡣
λǨ¾ӵʽʼϰ֡峤Լλİæ£˲Сʱλ˵İҾѾɡ
ڿʼλҲʥľˡǶλ˵סҲǷǳĸ˺ͻӭ
Ҳ֪λ˵ݶһ㣬λ˾ʲôݣǲûжȤ˵ݣȻⷿȤ
СԺŸո޺ãѾȥˣһǳ⡣ҲôҶڣСԺܲȥ⳹׷
СԺɱΪ1Ժ10Ժ֣ѡ10ԺŹѡ9ԺΪ8Ժ
Ȼ110ԺֻǴΪ˷ʱġǿΪԼСԺȡһԼϲ֣ȡú󣬴ΪҹСԺſڡ
ȻҪԡرңҲԼȥƺ
֣ΪԼСԺȡΪԵӡԵũׯӦԵ˼ԵָԼָպԵӡĿˡ
ò˵Եӡȡ൱á
Ź䡢Ķ˵СԺλרҶʲôȫȻ⣬Ҳȥ롣Ȼ֣СԺԵӡôŹ͸ԼСԺΪԵӡ
һһԵӡһԵӡôСԺɴͽԵˡ
ǣСԺ־ôȷҲֱСԺԺſڡһƣһɫһ壬Ψֵ˳һȥҲһȤ

Ҹհ֣꣬򸾰СԺķɨһ֮󣬱ȲĵԺ2
֣˵Ҫץʱһ߲ȥ
ڲ磬Ȼṩˡ
ũׯЩ߲ˣ֣࿴ſϲýţֻҪṩһĲ磬ֳ߲˾Աũׯĸá
һ㣬õǵȷпܡΪ֣򸾱ȻԼֵ߲ϸĺǻ϶ũׯĹչ˵øá
ֲӦñȽ΢Сˡ
Ź䡢˵أǾҪɽ죬ʮ²ŻһΡ
ǲ׼ֲˡ
Ҳؾţ˼Ҹ֣ͣǵȴǻһƬǶûӡ
ǣǾûʲô֮ģǺÿһġֲ֣ˣôǾֻǲػš
ֻ⵹˼һĿռ̳ȷкܶĻ֣ϱȽϳĻ֮⣬ƺһЩĻ
ֻֻл֣ûгƷͼƬҲ֪Щֳ󿪳Ļʲôӵġ
Ҫ֪ЩֿĻʲôӵģֻһ취Ǿ֡
ȻɲЩֽλר֡
׼Լڿռ֣ȿ֮ʲôӵģҲи׼
ȻλרҪ֣ȻԸ̳ϵͳ棬ֳĻָλרҰɡ
λר˵ãϾ͸һЩֹȥ˳Ҳ֣ҪĲҲ͹ȥ

Թ緹صԼķ䣬÷ţ뵽ԵռС
ˣˡ
һսռ䣬СԱߡ
С䰡ÿɻãЦǺǵĸС˸кȻéǰ̳ϵͳ
ϰԵĿһԼֵ
700
ǵϴγ齱һšȵֵʣ600
ʮʱ䣬100ٶȲѽ
ǵ100ֵ󲿷ӦöԴڸҵδΡΪֻƷƳʱֵŻʱʽ
ƷڣƷôƷӰٴֵٶҲԻ
Ӱǳ׸衶á͡ұֵѸ
һֵ֮ֱӵ㿪̳ǹҵ
͹ĳзʽһǰ漸ʮֻʶһЩһЩͲʶˡ
Ҳ֪ǻֲһûЩ
ΪֻܿӣӣҲȷϵûЩ
ôأ⹺һЩʶĻ֣׼ֵռƬյȥﻹһЩûĹԽԽҲֻܵڿռ￪ˡ
ˣС䣬ʶЩ𣿡ָոչĻʵ
ʶСҲʶ
С俴˿֮˵ʶ
ʶһϲæʵⶼЩʲô
СЩֵĿһۣ˵˸ոӵʱ򣬲ǿЩ𣿾Щ
ðɡ
һͿСӦ֪ЩֿʲôӣȻʶˡ
ԼҪʶЩʵʵİȥѿ󡢿ɡ
ҺҪȶ೤ʱ䡣



ڶپʮһ q
ѻȥָ֮һЩҺȻСһȥƺ
Ȼǿռİƺ
Ҫ뿴һϴİƺĵСϣŪǧֻڵôˡ
Կռγİƺ֮ͰȺ֮ûйܹˡ
Ӧ綼Ѿɳ˰ɡ
Сƺ˼ЦˣȺ񲻽Ѿɳ֮ͬ仹Ѿɽ䣬ºˡ
Ѿкˣ̫˰ɡ
СϾԵռ䣬һǷãҵġҺٶȿһҲ
ͷ⵹һϢЩ񣬾׼ǷũׯˣȻԽԽá
ȥĵĵϿ˵꣬ٿĵĵϷȥ
СӦһæϣ˵ˣһȺУ˵ıΣࡣ
ΣࣿһһϲԼڰƺĵСϣҵŪǧֻ
ѵʲôΣࣿ
֪һ𣿡æʵ
С룬𵽣ĽзлƸףq
ģСȷһͬСɡ
ƸôϤǵ׺qνǴ
ӦôˡС˵˵ֵĿһۣĵ˵ķӦôѵЩ˵ǳҪ
С䣬㡣˵꣬ٵźĵСȥ
СҲӿٶȡ
ٽСͳϴССͬڵϷɽɳ
ͣڰգϸĹ۲ЩǰΪЩֻЩͨ񣬴ûϸ۲ټǸʱ϶ǳҲʲô
ȻĵЩӦܹ׵ıϳÿࡣ
qأ˰Ҳûп
˵ڴݣͺܴqҪСһЩҲеͣӦú׷ֲŶԡֻ죬ԶԶľͿˡ
ɵqȴûпСжϿ϶ѵǶʲôط
С䣬ûп׺q֪𣿡ʵ
СشˣڲֻЪϢʱŻڶƬ

һҲո̫ˣû뵽һ㡣qȻϲء
ңһƬʮԱõöࡣǻҲͲˡ
С䣬ȥء뿴Ȼq
õģˡСӦһæϡ

ԵռһƬأҲڿռ֮γɵĵò
ϿգС˾Ӹ¡ƬʮĿѰ֮£Ǻ׵ķ˵qټ
ȿqһַǳ࣬мߵĹͼֵ
qųءءеͣɫгҶڡǷֳͨɫͷڡἰβ׺зۺɫºβ׺зۺɫ
ȫɫԵԼɰɫڶö벿Լ˰֣öȶմȾһЩɫȫɫ
ֳڵqͷ;粿ڳɫСͷ粿մȾɻҺɫ
ǰ磬q󣬼Σ
û뵽ɽϾȻq˵qԸƧ̫ϲȺôڰƺĵСأ
ֻеȥоˡ֪֪ɽq󣬻ἤʲôӣ
Ȼʵ޾ԡqڰƺĵСϣҲǲܡ
ֻqֻqڷù鵤־ԡҺԸǲƧദĺǢ

qԶĵطֿһĴ񣬵ס
һִݣ峤120~160סŽϳ̬šͨΪɫͷʺɫ;ɫͷɫźɫ
վʱβͽźɫͷɫȫΪɫʱμԼźɫȫɫΪԡ
Ȼᵽס˶뵽׶죬ֽΪĶҩ
Ϊ׶ֶҩǵ׵ġ
ʵ߸ûκιϵֶСס֡
һΪ׶ʵ˪׵ġΪʲôʺɫ
Ϊ׵ͷûëͷƤ·ΪдëϸѪܣӶʹͷֳʺɫ

qףıΣ࣬Ȼͬʱ
ҪǰǷŵũׯ棬ǡ
оϴȥƺĵСץľֱӢ䣡


ڶپʮ лԵӡ
qֻ׵ҪһЩһаֻԸǵȺ涼дƣҲ÷ܺʱγֻȺ壬ţˡ
һߺٺţһ䵽q뵤֮ϡ
q뵤ƺܵ˵Ϣ̧ͷķ򿴡ֻǾţһʱ֮䲢ûĶҲûڵһʱɹ
΢һЩźqǵ׵츳Ǳ̫ˣûֻߡ
ڿˣ֪ӭһ¡ЩһлͷɵһĴζҪЦˡ
ˣ²ǿܵõѾˣҪҲֲ̫ǡ
û취ֻóq뵤׵ķ򣬷ֱ֡q뵤Żţڶ
׵߿ܹﵽ֮⡣qҪͳöˣԸƧУһֻɵʱŻС
еôqҰǾԿġ
Ⱥڶ񣬻ǷǳġܿĶһЩ򵥵Ҳ͹ˡ
10ֻĴΧڲֹóԵú˷ܡ
ѽԣԡʹǶŪ˺һŻӻ֣Լȥ档
С䰡ЩһǲǺƯ뿪֮С
СţǺƯ˺ϲ𣿡
ǰǿеǡߣٻغĵСȥ˵꣬ٿĵСȥ
õġСӦһ漴ϡֻƺʲôֹ
УֵĿСһۣʵС䣬ǲʲô˵
Сԥ˰죬ͻȻٺһЦ˵ˣҾǸոͻȻЩ棬һˣϲЩǶһЩϲŮ˶һЩ
һͷӰ
Ůˣãôоôа
ЩɵĿСһۣǼһһģ
ðɣǼһֻǴңǸϲq뵤ףǸϲŮˡ
ʷҲѽ֮пɱ
ش⣬ٳźĵСȥ
СͻȻ٣Ҳæ׷ȥһ׷һ˵ˣҾͻȻЩѡ֪϶ϲŮˣԲԣ磬ϲĿ϶Ůˡ
ûСǼһںСУܿСϿա
СǼһ˵һֱΣ࣬ʲôƸֵǺʶѽһ߹۲쵺Ͻĸһֹ
Щ񳬹1000ֻ100֡֣ʶʵ̫ˡ֪齱ϵͳ棬ûʲôʶȫ֮ļ顣
Ҫ֪ⷽʶȻԺЩũׯ֮ѯĳʲôûش
С䣬Ƹһ֣ʵ
СָԶϵһֻ˵ˣ֡
˳СָķֻƸ峤60ףͷҲС
ɫкԵĵɫԲߡͷʺɫкɫɫڡǺںɫҴػɫİߡ
弰ʴػɫҲǡƸֵ
ͬǱΣ࣬Ƹq׵ֵе󰡡Ҳѹһûеqˣڴ˵
ڰչ۲һ֮󣬾뿪ˡûȥЩҪȷһЩĳɳǺǴȥũׯ
ֱΣһľϲϲǳ
ԣڵνˬ֮
뿪ռ֮ǰٴéǰ̳ǹﹺ֣ҪĲ磬ԼλרҪĻ֡
ã˼ֳ֮ͨ⡣⹺Ļ֣
λרңŹ俴ֺֻӦûǳĸ˰ɡ

˿ռ䣬˿ʱ䣬3㣬ʱ仹硣룬ʱͰѲͻָλȥ
֣СԺԵӡǰ֣ࡢϼڸСԺǰ
Цʵ֣ϡỤ̋Ҫæ
֣û̧ͷصСӾͲòˣҰѲùͿˡ2ֵأɿԸ㶨
ϼȴǵ֣һۣЦ˵ѽ
ЦǺǵ߽Ժӣ˵Ű̺ܳʱûֵ˰ɡ
ϼͷЩп˵ǰѾмʮˡڳôãڿЩأоǳС
֣ʱҲ̧ͷ˵ȷǸеСֻǿϧǶѾˣҲֶ֪ĵأ
˵֣꣬ƺЩ˸С
ȴҡҡͷŶϣЦ˵֣ϲ60꣬Ű̸ֻ50꣬Ͳϡ˵ϣҸǴԺڳԣҸ͵Щ糤ɵ߲ˣԽԽã100ɵġ
֣ЦСӵǻ˵СӵĲƺȷЩ档ϴһЩȥ˼죬ȷоҪ֮ǰһЩ
ϼҲͷҲĸо÷ˡ
ôһ˵֣Ц÷ǳˬʣոյһ˿˸һɨա



ڶپʮ ʥ¾
ԵӡСԺǰϡ
֣һˬʵЦ֮˵ҸոտƺʲôڵرϣѵҪĲ磿
ЦȻǡ֣ҪĶҵԾǰùˡϡ˿ϡӡѡȣҪġ
СӰ·ϡ֣˵꣬첽ոշŲĵطֻЩȤ
ϼεĳЦЦҲ˹ȥҲ뿴Щô
ǺһЦҲ˹ȥ˵ô֣ϡỤ̋ûмôÿĲɣ
֣ϼȴûǿŲ棬۶ǻϲ
˰Ѳ統ƷƵģ㿴˺һ
֣֮Ÿ̾ҲѹСũׯЩ˳ôϲˣ翴žͲһ㣬治֪СŪġˣҲ㣬Ҳûشҡ
ĵҵȻܻشˣҾʵش㶨ȻҲš
ȷһ㡣˵СӣȻ֣Ĳ㶼͹ˣҪĻ֣ûŹڼ
ͷһȻŹ䡢
ȻǴˣ֤ʧ˵
Ź䡢ѾߵǰĻŹɻ˵ʧС⻰ʲô˼ѵ㻹ʲôƷֲɣ
ٺһЦó֣ݸŹĶˣ˵ԼҾͲˣϲר
С֪ͺáŹ˵ֽ꣬ӹݹӡ
ѾСϿڴһһװá
Źһ߿һߵͷţҼõĻ֡ҲȻûʲô󡭡
˵Ź͵һ٣۾ϲǼСӾȻмӡ
֣ࡢϼҲ΢΢һ
ͶأͬȼյĻһ㣬šңɫöڽϳһַǳĻ䡣
˵ֻһֻں1000ҵĹвСȻҲ˹ģֻࡣ
ֻǼ㡣ţ㿴óЩһ𣿡ͻȻ˵
㣿֣ࡢϼһϲƺǳϲ㡣
ŹæлûпĻ֣Ƭ֮˵ȷ㣬෱࣬⿴ӿɲжϡ
ĵͷЦ㶼ǳû뵽Сӻֻ֡
ǺһЦ˵ⲻڿũׯ𣿳߲ˮ֮⣬ʻȻҲ١ԾŪЩӻ׼֣ом㡣
λͬʱͷҲ֡ȻȴϡУŪҲ
ɫ֪룬ǺһЦ˵øˣҾˣ֡
ţš߰ɣ߰ɡŹ䡢Ķ˻ӻ˵
֣΢Цŵͷϼ˵ллˣӣп͹档
õģỤ̋ˡ

ļ죬ũׯһйת
ݳ̨۾ͤĹҲչ˳԰һԴͦΣƼá
߲Ĵ󲿷߲˶Ѿٶȡȵ1028գũׯҵ죬֮һ߲˿Բժ
ũׯҵ׼Ҳڷӡӡơ˵Ĵ£ȫɡ
֣ࡰԵӡСԺǰϣֲ߲Ҳǳϲˡ
֣ࡢϼޣÿڴתй֮⣬СԺǰչЩ߲ˡ
߲չ˵൱΢ȻȫûбҪ
λ˵ӹÿν൱С
⣬֣໹ʣ֮ǰպǸд˳ҹԺŵߡ
Ի
費пͥǰ䣻
ȥ⣬ƾ档
СݡСԺԺǰ2أͣϲ˵߲ˡԺϡԵӡо־ҵĶԿһУƵС
ټϸڽ֡ǳһµġԵӡ롰Ե
ٲȻΪʥһµľ㣬ÿοͲ١Ȼ֪СԺ˶˭ȴǷǳĽɰ
Ź䡢ĶˣȻÿǵȥɽ졣
ǵĽɽװѾ˵ٹ죬ȵũׯҵ֮ǾͽɽǸʱ򣬿ʮ²Żشһˡ
⼸Ҳ൱СûµʱͽռȥЩq뵤ס
ڼ仹㿪齱ϵͳ˼ν⣬齱ϵͳȻйʶ෽ļ顣
ڣʹһʶ෽ļܹʶһٶˡ
ϲǣһٶ൱СqƸֱΣ֮⣬ʮֱȽϧࡣ
ȻûдﵽΣĳ̶ȣڼ٣Ѿȫĸ߶ȹעӡ
֮ԻûаЩռ䣬ũׯΪһҪˣҪۼ֤Щũׯ
Ȼνۼ֤ۿǴռ䡣û֪ӵԵռ䡣
˵ЩڶڰɽϵĳһطֻȥũׯͿˡ
ԣҪһȥЩũׯ
ԴȻ֮áǸȻǱˣ顣
죬1021գԼõʱ䡣



ڶپʮ Ľʵţ
1021գ
Թ緹һȥ˰ɽ
ɽŲԶһǰ뵽ռ֮У1000ֻȫ˳
ָһָʾǾһҪطȥ
Щ츳ǱȻߣּ򵥵ܹ׵ġ
1000ֻͬΧߴߴĽһƺڱԼ˵˼
֣ʧ
ǳһ磬ǰһжеʣһֻֻԵΪ˷ܡ
Ƿɽ֣ͷתɽȥ
Ҫȥɽѧ飬գԾļӿ˽Ų
ߵɽѧſڵʱʱպ8㡣
8ҲˣӦѾˡ
к߽ѧУ
ʱûѧУѾǳϤˡ
ѧż٣ѧУԵ÷ǳֻżȻŶʦѧУԱ
ᳵ·ʦ¥£Ȼóֻ绰
飬¥ˡŵ绰˵ѾСʦС顱ˡ
Ȼǻûʽȷϵ˹һˡ
ţϤӵ绰ﴫ
˵绰Сĵøո·ժҰɵȻҰɵģûлЩÿȴһֱ
ܿ죬ڴӰ¥ݿڡ
һģһֱ޳˫ȣһա
͵һĺ⣬Щһο˵Ŀű
Ϊڵÿһοʱ򣬶ǻһȻĶĸо
飬͸㡣æ˶񣬽еĻݸ顣
ллӹŵǰᣬһЦ˵ϲֵ㡣
ٺһЦ˵ֻҪ㲻Ұͺá
εİһۣ֪˵仰ɷ羰
һ£ȥһ¡˵Żת¥ȥ
ȥʵ
ȥѻ¥ϴ
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飬˵һ𣬱˻һʲôңٺʵ
ʲôؾһʻʲôϵɡ˵꣬һۣüȫЦ⡣
һЦ˵ţ࣬Ҳÿ˶Ľʵţࡣ
ȻЩͷۣԴ˵ɽ꣬ˮΪߡд𣿡
дġ
ҿҲ񣬶һǰΡ
飬Ǿ߻ȥ𣿡
ţϲ
ٺ٣Ҹϲ


ʥڡ
һɽԶһСѾͷ˵ȥŮѣҲʲôʦȥˣ
СѾͷƲƲ죬˵Ȼ֪ġ
Ҷ֪һСѾͷô֪ģӺЩɡ
СѾͷԴһᣬ˵Ҳ㣬㲻Բȡ
ðɣӮˡٵȵȣҲû£ٺ١ͬССѾͷûа취
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Ⱥһô֪ģֵʵ
ӺٺһЦ˵Ȼ㶼֪ˣҲ֪ͬ
ǾһţǼһﲻʵȻǣǲԭ¡˵
һԵ㿴һۣεǸȥݣ˼ңȴֻһԸɵۣܲѽǣ
ϸ룬ȷͦܵġ
ðɣţͿ˰ɡ
˵ȻˣС
һ˵Ҿ뿴ɩӳʲôӣƯƯ
ƲƲ죬ֹһ䣬Ȼ˵СѾͷ˵һŮҲ֪ǲģ
ȻģСѾͷһ˵Ǿ֪ˣ֤ˮÿһʦˣҪˮ
УһСѾͷ֪ʲôѽСѾͷĻӡӵԲš
˵ʦƯǾšϵŮǺܶģҲ١Ĳ˵ÿӵЩο棬вٵŮ
СѾͷʦ˵øϵŮƵģǾ֣ÿ˼˶Ҫˮ
̫˵ûŮƵġ
Ȼ10֮
һһŮӰǰĹ·ϣھ뻹̫Զ˵ò
·̬ϿǸеģǷǳϤ
ǸŮġ
ȻòֻǴġֱ޳˫ȣȵ·̬ϿһŮ϶Ǻʵġ
ԽԽŮӵԽԽ
ӡӵ˵ĺҲԽԽ졣


ڶپʮ ڴľϲ
ٽʥڵĹ·ϡ
ԶԶľͿ˴վŵһȺˡ︹̲ѣһȥϰ࣬ҲǵĹʡ
˵飬һȺˡƺڵǣȷ˵ڵ㡣
һۣ˵ҿѾͷ֪ˡ
ȻѾͷ˵ģԽԽˣҽ
𣿡ζĿһۣ˵ô㲻ǿң
ãƺһɵɱ
æЦôأҪЩһ￴Ů˷磬ͶˡҪȥϰ裿
һЦ漴ֹ⵭Ͱ̣ҲѾ𣿡
ٺЦǲһǰյʦ
һյʦӹĻ˵ֻüȫЦ⡣
һЦҲڼ˵ˡΪüЦ⣬ͿóѾԼŮˡ

ӡӵ˿߽飬˶סˡ
ֻһͷǷӵŮҵĸԹѽСϱӵʲôĸ֣ڽҵһ˾ɫŮѡǰЩŮŮһȣԵ̫ͨˡ
֮ǰǻСѾͷ˵Ļڣûһ˿Ļɡ
Ůʲôӣǲ֪ҲûмҪŮ˭Ưǻԥѡ顣
ֻǷӡЩˣŮ˼ˣҲľɽѧʲôʱһλƯŮʦˣ
СѾͷǵĺһ˵֪ҵʦжƯ˰ɣ
ӡӵ˺ٺЦҲ˵ΪѾߵǰˡ
ʦСѾͷһܹȥ֡
ԣ簮СѾͷԴ
ȿȣһ˵ȻҶڣôҾʽһ£λʦ
һЦ˵Ǻãҽ飬--յʦ
ٴοһְѷӡӵ˽һ¡
ӺٺɵЦܡúáǷ磬Σӡٺ٣ٺ٣
˶ʱͷߡһЦ˵Ӹ磬ã
Ӻ۾һҲæ˵úãǡ
ͬͷߣ˵ȥȥøȥӣСӲ֪úɩ飬ߣЩ
ϽߣȺһûŮƵģ
ЦĿ˿Ȼ˵ټ֮󣬲Ÿߡ
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٣ӣǲȥЩʲôҲҪȥ˵
ҲҪȥǰЩһڴ˷ܵ룬˵ҲãЩԺҲũׯһ֣ǿ߰ɡ
ϡӡӵ˴ϲæϡ

ɽŴ
Ťͷ˿ԼĶ飬ЩɬĶ֮ѾֻǷӡӵˣ½ӽ˲ٵο͡
Ȼʱ9ڽοͶñȽ硣
һȺ˴ӴߵټľɫŮȻǳעĿ
͵һЩӵοͣȺ֮зǸеһϲ֪ÿһȺˣĳһطȥʱ򣬿϶Ȥ鷢
ǣǺԥļ뵽鵱С
ȻǼ뵽鵱УΪ˿ܻᷢȤ飬ΪܹɫŮͬУͲö֪ˡ
ڵĶѾﵽʮˡ
ˣ˶˶ɡЩѾǰŵǴˣ˶Ҳûйϵ
鿴ԽԽˣҲ΢΢ЩȡʵôԽԽˣ
ٺһЦ˵ǻΪŮû㣬ұ֤һ롣
һСѾͷ߿ˡ
һЦ鼫Ϊˬ
ϰ飬鶼һѽһλʶοЦ
٣Ȼˡ˾ɫŮ飬Ǹ˾˯ҲҪЦѽһλοС˵
Եοˣа룺ⲻϻ𣿲˵飬Ů˵һ仰ҾͻЦˡ
ο͵ĻҲΣЦǣҶˣҾϲġ
ϲȫһ񣬿ҹȻ¶ˡϰҪʲôˡ
ǽʵܹɫŮͬУۼ֤ϰеľϲ
ţȻ˵ǾϲǾ;ԻǾϲðֻǰ¼յ׼ˡ

20֮һǰͣ
ϲ
һţһĴҪνľϲʲôط
ǰһƬ֮⣬ҲûʲôĶ˰
ѵƬУ
ȫֵķȻʵϰ壬ɶϲ
ЦǲµûϲƬ֮Сɱûǰǵֻɵ׼ˣʵľͷˣɾûˡ
ȻУʲôأ
ȫǺڴ׷װԼеֻ׼ǰֵķ



ڶپʮ Ů
οǶ׼ǺһЦߵߣ˵飬׼ûУ
Цŵͷû˵
ȴһߡò£ȻСѾͷˡ
ȻСѾͷ˵СѾͷ׼ûУ
СѾͷֵ֣˵׼ҡ
һЦߵȺǰĿյϣʼ﹵ͨеǡ
ҪͨЩСһɱȹͨͷɵ׷ѵ̫ˡͷֱͨӾܸӦ뷨
ЩСһȴӵʱ䣬뷨
뷨˵ͷȻס䣬ֵķһĶ
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ǳߣҲ÷ǳԶ˶һ˸߿ִֻС
߿ͬ߿ͬʱ
Ȼһ󲢲߿ȴʮöԽԽҲԽԽƺʮֻǣڿٵĴԽ֣˵ķ
ѵǾϲʮֻʲôþϲģ
ǾϲǿɾЩʧˡ˸ո뷨ͻȻͿǰͻȻʮֻٶȼ
ʮֺֻٶͻȻΧϿ
˿Щ֮ȫԼͬķһ£Щʲô񣿺Ưѽ
ʮֻ񣬶ͬһ֣峤50ңʰɫͷëʻɫëɺɫ
ƯҲ˵ĵطǳββ廹ɫưףɴһ
ķУβ裬ˡ
ۣ⵽ʲôѽΪʲôôƯ񡣡
ǰǰûмڵϣҲûм
ʱһߴСУһֻͣ㡣
Ҳľϲֻû˻᲻ϲСѾͷǸ˵֣ﻹͣĺʲô
Եˣе⣬٣ŸտʼءǾѾˣǴָô죿
Ҳʹùʶȫļ󣬲ʶġ
Ҳ
֮ԽΪֻڣ˼ĸɽСֻǿշ裬ȴ֪Ƿη
ǾͲһĴ˵Щ
ˣǱ֮Ϊ
ЩڳԵУ־ȡҺ̬ëɫȷ涼һЩı䣬ʹñ񣬸Ư
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ֻǣȻƯʵ٣ӦܹϵóŶԡûмʵģôڵӻýϣҲӦ˼Ŷԡ
Ȼһϳ
֪ʲôˡϿֻǣϿԶԶûڵЩƯѽѵΪʵпԭ򣿡
ƺԭ̫Ưˣ
ǰѵϵ񣿡

һһ۷׷ףƲס˷ܡ٣ϰ˵оϲȻоϲѽ
ֻǲ֪ϲŸոտʼ
ʱֻ˵飬ϲЩ𣿡
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Цϲֱ̧֣ϡ
һϲ˵Ŀ𣿡
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黺̧Լ֣˵ĿҲϡҲ뿴ЩǲĻ˶ֱϡ
ָո̧һֻ˹һȦȻ£ֱͣϡ
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Ҳ֪ƾǿ츳ǱܹܲףǰŮӣʲôĹϵ
ĿԡϲĿֱ
£ͬǳβɴһֱϻ䡣
һĻȫֻ¼ʱ̡
˸ȥǳĺгȻ
һλרҵӰʦ档ȥչǾԻ񽱣ͷ֡
磬ҲҪҲҪСѾͷҲ̧Լֺ
ЦŵͷһֻСѾͷֱϡСѾͷ̫С峤ﵽ50ףʹûһݺгȴҲһݿɰ
СѾͷ֣ɸëգԴǵĲ˲СѾͷ֣СѾͷԵ˷ܡ
˿һһСŮ϶ֳĽɫ
һŮοԥһ£ʵǸϰ壬Ҳ𣿡
Цͷ
ŮοʹϲҲ̧Լ֡ϲУһֻ䵽ֱϡ



ڶپʮ ǰοͺ˷
Ůοţسˣʡϰࡣ
˵ϼһʥĵطɫǳϷǳǰáˡƵ֮ʥǾӸ߲¡
صϼң׼ĩʱ䣬ʥһ
⻹ͬҲһˣֱ־ޱ
ϣһʹسǸϵʥ塣սӲãͿһȺǰߡ
һʱ棬뵽˶鵱УҪһһȺ˵ȥ
û뵽һʱȻǿ˶ЩƺǳĴȻǲܻָӡ
˵ֻЩѾǸеˡ
ޱޱ¼һƵҪ΢ǹ˾QDȺлҵͬѧQDȺͣŵֱϺ˷ܵóֻޱ¼һƵ
ұ֤ƵȥЩͬ¡ͬѧĽѡ
㣬Ѿ¼ˡˣҲҪ¼ޱ¼ƵֻšּæóԼֻҲ¼һƵ
һԵ־ͬóֻŸ¼Ƶ
ֻǣֳ˶ͬ顣
Ϊ֮£е񣬶Ⱥ䡣ĳһλο͵ֱͣһֻΧοȦ
οȫ˷ܲѣܽӴԼãƵƬϣɷˡ
ԣе˶ͬ¡

ŰѸոޱ¼Ƶ˷΢֮⣬һƵ˶QDȺ
ܿ죬QDȺ˷Ӧ
ۣСʲôôôƯУôֱܻͣϣ
СƵļٵģòʲôЧϳɵİɣ
ƺϿʲô񡣲ѽϽ˵ֻ˼ɽ֮УӲ˽Ӵô
˵Ƶ϶Ǽٵİ⵽ʲôϳɵģôоôʵ

Ⱥ˵ķӦ˷ܲѣҲⲻѣٺ٣Ȼ˻ƵǼٵģٸһ͵ģĽǡ
Ҫʲô͵ģǾͨQDȺƵԻȺЩһͨƵۿЩദǢ
һȺһȺ
ӴȥȻģʲôطȻôһദôǢ
ۿֱϹҵ۾˲ţ
СţæŹƵѽǶ࿴һ
ٺ٣ԲˡкüȺſƵء


οæա¼ƵȻҲûšڸգȻСѾͷ
ŮɶǣҲֻʵʵĿʹһӰʦˡ
ŰСʱ֮ʱˡ
һ֮£еȫȺٴ˵Ͽͣ
ϰ壬ôˣһѽ
ǰϰ壬ʱ仹ô硣
οͼٴλصϿգźѣ׷׳Ƭ̡
ǺЦҲҪżֻ⼸ʮֻǾ𣿡
ο۾Ȼ˵Īǡ
һЦ˵ǲûոֻѡڣǵ۾ǧҪգۡΪֻҪһգۣʹһʵľͷ
ʱը˹
Ϊ˵ǲǾţнϵľϲ
ȣ΢һ¡ϰ壬΢һ¡һŮͻȻ˵
׼еŮŤͷǸŮ˵šʲô£
Ůæϰ壬ҿͨQDֱֵ䣬ֱĳ𣿡
ֱֱֻ𣿡ʵ
ţšŮæͷӦæ˵ϰģֻǵֱµĳԼھͷ档
룬Ҳʲô¡ǵͷ˵ԡ
õģллŮ˵һԤ棬ֱԻ硣Ȼ֪ĳӸոյЩԲ
ϰ壬ɲԵȼٿʼȺУһ˵
ЩЦãֲǿӰȼٿʼʵôʲô𣿡
Щ˼ЦЦ˵һѽҲˣֻոûиһҸ˵飬ͣˡҪʱܵԡǺǣҲûйϵܵ
⡭ԥһ£׼˵ͻȻһ˵ٺ٣Ǹϰ壬ҪǵȵȣңҲһ
˵꣬½һЩ
ȻҪȣǣҲ绰Ҳڸոյڡ
ңҲ绰

һ˴ͷٶ½Ƶ뷨Ƕһӵģֻ֮ͷֿˡôʵ飬ȻϣǵҲܿ

ĿЦáһһ㵹ûйϵи˼֤Ҳǻ¡
ҲգǾٵһȡ
ǣ˵ȻˣǾ͵ȰСʱҪѴ绰ģץʱˡ
лϰ塣
ллϰ壬ʹ绰

Щڴˣæһߵлһóֻ绰
ЩǸĿ˿顣һЦʾûйϵ



ڶپʮ ѽѽ
ʥ壬и
˵ոѴ绰˵ڰɽĳһطкϷɿҪȥľһ𰡡
ϷУһȥ档
ڴӵĸط˽ӵѵĵ绰⣬Ƕһ˵ǰǺߵοһ
ҲˣԽԽοͣڵķȥ
֣ࡢϼġŹڴɢҲ˹ڰɽĳкϷɿϢ
ȻСӸãҲȥ
д⡣
ûκԥҲڵķȥŹ䡢˿ɲǣ֮Իʥ壬Ϊϴεġˡ¼
ѵСָʲô»ˣλרҺЩڴ

ɽţÿȥѰҷ
ΪԶϣ߸ŵʮֻΪָŷ
ۣʲôöƯѽ
ǵοͣ϶ᷢľ̾ȻӿŲЩķȥ
ףȻ񡣡֣ࡢŹ䡢ĵҲ˰ɽŴ
ľɵɽ⵹֣ؼô񣬾Ȼֻһȥˡ
ŹⶨȻСйأȥˡ

ǰ
ԽԽο͸ϵһ⣬ŵʮֻ
责ҲǸո˵ҪQDֱ䣬ֱǸŮӣʱҲֻͷ׼ϵǡ
ֻֻ䵱ֱ豸Чʵǲôֱ￴ЩԶûֳôƯ
ȻЧҲЩпֱ˷쳣һֻûʲôʮֻһЧʹһˡ
ˣֱĹ࣬Ѿϰˡ
ֳҲλרҵӰʦڵõ֮˷ܵļܺ¼豸׼Ѵ龰ȫ¼
ֿ飬λӰʦ˷쳣
֣ࡢϼġŹ˴ʱҲϵˣæȥк
Ź䡢˺ݺݵĵһۣСӽôҪ飬Ȼǣ
ٺһЦ˵ϡϣ֮ǰǸ˵ǧֻ𣿽Ҿ׼ǴشӡԭҲûô֣Ǵش֮ǿġ
ôһ˵λרҵˣȷ˵ǧֻ顣
ȻˣôϵʮֻеһˡҲǻڴߵԭ
λרҵͷûշЩġշˣҪշһЩȻʲô¡
⼸ʮֻҲûλרμ
ΪȻܹ񣬵ǲ٣ֵλרҼ
ٺһЦȻqʲôƸʱ򣬿ǻܲ˵
λ˴кصȺǰ
ʱˣҲòˣ˵ѾˣôǾͿʼĳˡҿɶע˰ʱ̼ݡ
˵꣬ǵһĻĶ
εİһۣɪ
ӡӵһĻȣװ˧ѽҲôװһ£˵ҲܲڳĳһλŮķء
ţӡӵ˵͵͵Ⱥ֮ɨӣֳŮǲѽ
ȻѾԽŮˣǲġܵһλͨŮķģһѾ֪ˡ
ڳ˿ɲǣʱ˼ŮǶһ䡰ʱ̼ݡܡȫĿתĶǰϿա
责ԼλרҵӰʦҲѾͷ׼ֵϿա
ֳҲѸٰ
˶֮ʣһ߿ʱļž
⣬ǡġŹͬʱһһۣӶԷ￴˱˴˵ľϲ뼤
ȻѾһУʲô
ǵףȫҰΣ֣ס
һֵ֮ϿͻȻĸ޴İɫӰ
ĸӰͬƾճһ㣬ȫʹգգ۾ѾȫעɻûпĸӰôֵġ
ĸɫӰһſֻ޴񡣻ѩףܳ峤ףչס
ʱֻɫԼٶȣ϶£˵ķ򸩳
ѽʲô񰡣ôô󣡡
ѽѽ
οͬʱһԾֱˡ
Ϊֻɫ񣬾ͬļСͷɻҪ׹һ㣬Ǽ
վߵ飬Ҳ͵ıסĸ첲

æֱۣοһ䡣
ȻŤͷ˵ķӦЩΣֹǰɣôţ


ڶپʮ 
ֻȻֻˡ
ֻڿռ͡鵤ԭǳñİˡ
ֻ츩嵽ͷֻҵĸ߶ʱһУ¸ͷתбϷȥԽԽԶԽԽߣɳ˵ߡ
ʧ֮οǲŻعոձ֣ЩεЦЦ
ʱ򣬻еˣϳֻ졣
ֻֻ쳤Ҳ̫˰ɡ
Ǹոշɵʱ򣬸оΪԡ峤סչףôİ
жʡ
Ź䡢˸ǳԾʣȴǿԿ϶Ͼûôİ졣
Ȼոֻô£Сص飬Գ֮
⵹Ǹӿ˵ĴȻδ֮գȴȥ̽
ɫ΢΢һ죬ķſĸ첲ֻڷſ֮ǰݺݵ첲һѡ
ٺһЦС˵ʵĻں档
贸ոҲһҲŵֻһζһζɾͰЩϿֱ˺ˡ
ֱ˱ھȣֻôԼÿٶȣоƺҪĻһ㡣
Ȼʱ򣬾ͷͻȻһζʲôҲֻϡƺкܶˣ˵ľ
ȵͷٴȶʱѾֻԶıӰˡ
ÿֱ̲ס׷²ۡ
ۿոշʲôо˺ܾŵӡѵǸոЩϮˣ
֪Ҹ֪ʲôطЩƺڹۿЩ񡣡
⵽˭ֱЧҲͰˣͲܰѾͷһ㰡ոշʲôһ㶼

Ȼ˵ķԣֻһûлءΪӦֻǵֱЩʾͷѡ
˵ô࣬ʱʵ̡ܶ
ֻɹ˵ͷ֮󲻵10ӡһѾϤ˵ĸ߿ϿٴγһȺ
ǵģһȺϰֻһȺ
ֻȺ࣬ȴǲٶҲ죬Ƶķɹ
һȺƣոյֻȣеѽ
΢΢ЩʧǸոձһȻϲոּӾЧĳʽ
ң˼ҸոֻͶ󣬶һȺ࣬оȽͨѽ
ɫİ˵鿴кٺֱЦȸһƽĸоȻ𾪵ʼԼ
һȺкͨ񣬾ƵķɵǰУͣ
ſһȺ񲢲ͬһɵģɺüһģֻÿһ
һȺ֮УЩеó֡Щ죬ȴǽв֡
ȺͣǴʱ˵Ĺͬ
ɻ֮ʣͻȻһ
ֻ̡ܼܶ٣ǴӺԶĵطǾ˶һ㡣
ʲôһͻȻְ۾ɵùԲ
Ϊǿͣһٶֻһٵ֮ͻȻˡ
һҲǸոշɹơ¡Ǽٵɿųһֻֻ˲һ㣬ͣнλá
֮Ⱥٴξֹ
ʱϵȫʹҡԼԴգԼ۾Լġ
ֻյС񣬴ʱһСһſʮʮС
ӵ˵ĲͬǶȿ˿һΣ˿һΡʲôΣ˿ÿһСÿһУǱֱһߣû˿
˿Էǳ϶˵һȺǡþһֻ
ֱıʱķʽѽ
⡭
ȫһšȻһлŸոտʼ
ʽ֮󣬰ٵеһֻһα仯Ķ
Ұڳһ򵥵ͼΣΡΡԲΡƽߡߵȵȡ
ۻҡϵľ
̧ͷĿתĶգ˫һνקסĸ첲΢΢ЩƺȽϽš
Ťͷžգ΢ЦȻĸסץԼ첲֡
ʱеһֻİڳ˶ͼ֮󡣰һٴαҡ
ֱ̫˼ˣ̫ˣ
ǰ⿴žͨѽôôأ
Ǹոտĸòǻþɣ
Ϊǵıݾʹ˽ˣһ߻Ųӣһ۲ֹ֮ȫǾ̾벻š
ȻʱͻȻ˾쿴쿴Ҳѽ
ոѾͷЩˣ໰Ѿ˵ľ͵һ񣬼æ̧ͷտȥ
һǶЩԼˡ
ֻеһֻ񣬴ʱְڳһͼΣͼβκεļͼΡ
ǡ
֣ã
ңֵһһһƲһࡢһһľϣ



 ӭʥ
һֻаڳˡá֡
˿ʼʱȺĶٱ䣬ְڳ֣ӭ
֮󣬶ֱ䡣
α仯ֱڳ˼ͬ֡
ѾĿɿڴˣãӭʥ壡
ֳ˵૵֮û
е⣬ôһʼ˰ɡ
лعı飬ֱϺݺݵһ˵ʲôôģ
ǺһЦ˵Ȼѵġ㲻֪Щһ̫ˣҺüʱ䣬Ŵﵽˮ׼
ֱϺݺһ󣬵۵͵ɪɣⶼбϻдĶ𣿡
ٺٵ˵ģͷǱȣЩһȷܱ
ᵽͷ֮΢΢㣬ĵȷӡ

ޣôŹʵ
ҡͷʱ˵ЩȻҲʹһΪĳԭˮƽõԵߡȻôѵҲܴﵽЧ
Ź̾һ˵Сص飬ȻԳ֮
֣ʱǺЦд˵ǰЩ̫ȡǻǺúõĿСӶЩʲôɡ
ġŹ˵ͷ֣ĻΪȻ

еһֻڰڳЩ֮һУƬա
Ҳûмһ
һ֪˸ողŻҪһʱһڿǣٽжõıݱȽϺʡ
ЩԭǴũׯҵһóġ
ʱı⡣Ƚһֱݣ͵ΪũׯĿҵˡ
ֻҪùЧﵽãҪһ

Ⱥ뿪֮
˵дˡšǵȷҪʱһ
λרҵӰʦʱ֣ոշһУѾǼ¼
ǲǱˣǽ֮Իɺϡ
ڶڷ˸мҪΪ⣬ǲ㵽˾ʵľͷ
ҲңǸոǰڵϣϽ㡣
ǶȻΪ˫ֲȻ½
λӰʦˣ贾ûôˡΪһֱǰֻϽֱġ
ֱĹУѾҪƽ˫ֻʱ΢΢ЩټԼֱĹǼ˫ֲƵԽԽ졣
ֱֻЧͺܲˡڣͷʱʱĻζһɰڿֱǸʹ಻
Ȼʹ಻ֱĹԼٶš
ɸտʼ100ˣӵڵ10ˡңûκֹͣ
ֱĹô죬ֱ֮⣬ȻҲֱ䱻QDֱƽ̨ҪƼλйء
ϴεľưɳֱһһ贵ֱ䣬ͬǱQDֵӪκ෢֣ҷڹҪƼλõġ
ֻκƵǣһεֱЧһֻġ
Щڸʲôֱ˷ôʵֱԴ˵Դ϶ֱ豸ȥֱֳ
ֱЧֱĹڣȴû˼ȥ²ۡΪѾױֱˡ
ֱֱʱһ䣬һȺ񻺻뾵ͷ֮ԲͻȻ
Щֱˣ⵽ģ
ҿЩڳЩֵʱ֪ЩΪʲôôˡӭʥ塯ûмǴĻˡ¼ҲǷʥ塣
Ҳˣѵʥжﶼô
ʥҪ찡ϧ̫ԶˣȻȥ


ǰ
˾ʱĻ壬ڴӸոյлع
һȫаţɡݡĽȵɫʡ
ϰ壬ôġʵš
Ƕ֪ĳѵЩҲǣҲʹһĴ
ϰ壬Ĳ˵ֻƾЩҲȻѽ

࣬˵ŸԵĻֳʱһˡ֮
û취̫Ļ˵²졣
̧ʾҰ˵Ҷ˵һ˵ոѲµûЩȷҵĳԶԶûдͷôոıݣʵҳʱѵģԼϲԼʲô
һ˵˸оƺ׽һ㣬˼Ҳͨʱѵ
һ룬Ҳѽ
ͨʱѵͿѵЩͨѵһӣҲܴﵽЧ
뵽ֶɻĿ
Ȼ״ҵɻЦЦ˵ȻȻûдͷôͨ࣬ҪĶࡣ
У
һƬС˵׻ΪЩͺܴ
˶֣ҲĽ֡



һ ʼο
Ľʵı飬Ϊ⡣ֺ˵Ц˼䣬˻϶Ѿˣ˵Ҹոƺͦ񫣬Ҫ𣿡
һ˵ȫɵĿ
ͬʵϰʲô˼ѵݻûн
һЦ˵Ȼݻءҿ϶ˡ˵ƺҪ˵ʲôæ˫ѹĶʾҲҪżѻ˵ꡣ
˼֪Ļû˵꣬ŰѸո˵Ļ˻ȥ
ǺһЦ˵ǣҲҪż󲿷ֵ˶֪һũׯڼ֮Ҳ1028գͽʽʼӪҵ
˵ͣһ£Ҫ˵ķӦ
ڳĴ󲿷˶ڵͷֻкЩãȻƽǵһ
󲿷˶ڵͷ˵ȵ1028죬ҵЩǽҴıݡңЩǵı֮⣬ľʽĿʱӭҶǰڣһĿ
һĿôһĿˣ⿴̫ѽ
˵ȴͻȻǰִϤǽĿʼźš
˲òһΰҪ˵Ļ˻ȥȻĿѾʼˣǾȿĿ˵
ǣٴĿƵĶǰֵϿաѾ˾飬һҪЩôֵġ
贵̬Ҳһΰֻͷ׼ǰֵϿա
ֱʮڣͷһζ׼գҲȫһҲ֪ʼ
Ÿ߿ϿٴγʮӰ
һΣõοԼԼĿЩӰԼٶȣ·ֱӵеġ
Ϊʲôοǻáݣ
ΪЩӰٶ̫죬ֱֱ͸оһǿһ㡣
ʮӰ֮󣬲ûǰɡֵʮӰҸ߶ƺԸһЩ
ȻֵʮӰ߶ָһЩ
ʮΣÿһµӰǰԸһЩ
һЩοֻͣоԶУ޶˵ĲͣԽԽӰ
Щοͣ߸ŵĹ켣Դ£͵̧Ȼֵ£͵̧𡭡
ʮΣһĶһƵʣȥΪĹŹֺȤ
ȻֳҲֻһˣЩԴĶסЦ⣬ͱͰԱߵ飬ʾȥ
ŤͷɻĿָŵķ
֮һЦ־ЦƺЩףæְסɫǵ΢΢Щ졣
ȻݺݵĵһۡֱȻһαݺݵ
ֻʵ̫СһʹĸоûС
ȻҲп᲻ǲǾֻԼ֪ˡ

ԶУӰ10֮ڲټˡ
ȻʱеӰѾ顣ʱȫһжֻ
Ӱͣ˼֮󣬰һǰƶ
ȺԽԽ˿ԽԽоҲԽԽ𺳡
һȺʹС죬ëɫͷסͬһʮֲͬࡣ
ȻȺʮֲͬӺһ񡣴ǰ󣬴ӵ͵ߣһȴеʮ롣ȥǳĺгȻûκεΥ͸С
ͷգָ֮̾ȺʲôѾ˾̾ˡ
⵽ж񰡣
̲ͬɫӣȴһ㲻ң÷ǳͷ׵Ĳһ
ҾȻһֶв̫ˡ


ͨοˣġŹ䡢֣ͬˡ
ļ˵ϰ֣10ֵڼ١
ŹûеףСӻûȫ࣬ٻһֵס
ĵͷСӻһ֡е׾Ȼǰǣǿɶ񡣡
֣࿴˿λߵѣϸֳЦ⡣Ȼ̧ͷͣЩľ顣

Ⱥݶӣͣ˼֮һִԶ
ȺĶζʱңǧֻͣ໥塣
ȫ˸ոյľ飬֪ЩıҪʼˡ
ȻǰȺĶƺоһʲôͼǰγɡ
ǵĶԽԽȺͻȻ󾪺
ޣ쿴ʲô
ۣۣ˭ܸңǲΣ
ⲻģ
ȫԾǰգû˸ġ
Ѿٻǿʼˡ



 
ǰ˵ľϡ֣ࡢġŹ˶Ĳš
ôǵ׿ʲô
ǿǰǧֻϳɵͼ񣬺Ȼһֻˣ
һֻʰ쵡չɡ߹ŵķˡ
ʲô
Ǵ˵еǰ֮ԹǻĻҪԪء
˵ӹ񣬾˳ʱ临ӵ뷢չֻǵС
ֱҲһķ˵ֻͼ塢ܵ乤ֻԼ
Ȼڣ˷·𿴵һֻķˣͳ
ͷ߾򥣬걳βʵëΩΩФ߹ԥ
ʱֻʵ˫΢΢ɿβӭڣ·ʱҪ߷һ㡣
һ˲䶼һִ˲ֻǴڴ˵УʵʵĴϵġ
ǰһֻʵʵķˡ
һӾʢ磡
ڣʢŸոտʼڳÿһ˶˫۵ɵùԲգһۡ
һգۣǰֻ߹ķ˾ͻʧ
һжΣԸһ

ֳˣֱĹͬ
Ƶһֻķγɵʱһڻط
һЩ͵͵ֱˣҲΪ鲻Խľñ֡
֮һ
ĳеĳ칫¥ĳһ㣬һ100ƽ׵ĴͰ칫ҡ
칫ʮԼλϰ칫칫ҷǳİֻżû̵ġžž
칫ľ칫ҡԱǹ⡣
ȻͻȻһš۲ݡ֣칫ҵİ
⣬á֮Ӧ̧ͷĹ۲ͬµķӦҪľ
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ӰԽԽ˾ϲķ֡10ӰֲͬͶСǰֻ峤80ҡмֻ峤1ס
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˵Եũׯ߲ζҲ֪ǲģ
ô˵ġ׼28ȥһЩ֮һ㱨
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1028գݡκ࿴Ϣ֮󣬾ϲĪ˼Ҳ翪ˡ
ʱֳǵıݣרҵĸֱôоԵİգõʱֱĹʷ¸ߡ
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κԽԽһҪڵһʱ䣬¶ֱȨȫֱƽ̨ɲֹQDһңҵʵQDֱƽ̨١
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Ҫڵһʱȥʥ壬1028յĶֱȨõ֡

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˵ո贵ֱ䣬ͿõٵǮֻ贴Ӧֻǵֱһָļо
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κĵĺеȷкüֱƽ̨ע⵽1028գʥǱݽĿ顣
ֻǵķӦͶκһЩƺõȨˡ

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˻صѾ11οԶϽɽʱҪöࡣ
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ӡӵȥϰࡣողֹο˷ܡʵҲһ뵽ЩǣԺũׯһԱǸ˷ܺ͸ɾʮ㡣
ЩģѾԶˡ飬ûһܹõġ
ֺαȥô࣬Ѱأ


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Եǰ
Ȳ˵ϽqȻеƸ
ͷЩʵϡϣq֮ǰΪѾˡǵƸأ
Ź˵ֵûҲѾˡҰ׵100ֻңƸ΢һЩҲ200ֻȻ֮ǰݡڿɽӦûһ
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ֳЩοͣ䷳οǣĳֻοͣǵ˻ɡΪǹڿˡ
Ȼܴ˶ţֳЩοȻֲ˴ˣ¸߰

1022硣
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̾ӵһУȲ˴ϰ塱顣ܲżѽǴħϹģ˲ٵʱ䡣
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ӵͷ˵Ӧڴӵĳһطȥ칫¥һɣ͸绰
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κֱȨ̸֮󣬵ͼҴҵĸ˻ȥҪȥΪ28ŵֱ׼
죬ũׯһйɵĽС
ǵŲ̆Ḷ́1025ɡ۾ͤḶ́ҲѾβ׶Σ28ſҵ֮ǰȫ깤
1025죬괦Լһ飬ٴʥ塣

鶼𣿡ʵ
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ЦЦһţ峤ȥ
ȥҴ峤ǩⷿͬһʥʱ򣬾;Ժסʥˡ
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ʥɽˮ㣬ͬԴֻҪһ͸оԼˬ
ʱ䣬ԼسķӣҲΪŮתѧ쿪ʼͽʽɽѧ顣϶꼶СѾͷС꼶
ܿ죬ڴ峤ǩⷿͬ
ѡ7ԺҲġԵĸڡ
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εҪôӣҲ̫ϰѽ
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Եǰ֣ϼڵæ
֣ϣھԶԶغ
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ЦⲻΪھˣҲ˲ǡ
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ˡæȻϸ˿֣ܸ࣬оλ˷ǳ죬ԼӦʲôط
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1㣬Ŀо飬㿪ʼ硣
2㣬߲԰ʽʼӪҵϲеζ߲ˣؼҡ
ϰסʲôй١¸ǰ塯ʲô˵𣿡Ұѽ˽ֵ֮ʵ
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ԪҲ߰ɣǰŵͼȰѵطϤһ£ҵҪСӵ׸ʲô
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˵9㿪ʼЩʲôӵģôоֵֹġ
ҲͬУй١оûţ¸ǰ塯Ҫ壿ѵܣ⡮ȦȦ׸ʲô
ǺǣôԽ˵Խˡ9ſʼȥֳһˣ
Ǿǣȥֳһ֪ˡͼֳũׯ棬Ƚȥɡ
ףũׯôΧôˣ
֪ѽҸո³ʱע⵽ˡ̫࣬ʲô
ѵʲôȤ£ߣҲȥ

ڲ8һ㣬ôôˣԾʵ
ǺһЦ˵˶Ÿտʼء߰ɣĴתת֤泩
һۣ˵㿴ũׯЩԱæøʲôƵģ㲻ȥæ˼ȥת
ٺЦ⼸ɱˣҿɵúú÷ɷɡ
˵֪ʵΪЩӦ÷˺ܶɡ
뵽Щ۵Ŀ˿ᡣ
ȻܵᣬҲ֪Ϊʲôᣬٺֱ֡



һʮ 
ӵοԽԽ࣬830ңѾɽ˺ũׯŵ֮ͣƽϣǧˡ
ЩҪطѯ̨ũׯŵǰũׯŵǰοΧ㣬ʱʱֻ̾յġꡱһֱûͣ
Щ˵һҵˣǾͣһСżһΣʣµǽһ
Ǿżǵһҽࡣһο͹Ȼʲôϡ棬οҲоʥ壬κʱ򶼲һ
ԣ³Ķ࣬ǰѯ̨ͷѯһ̵̵ϰָͼҪ̿ʼʱ䡢Ҫܵȵȡ
Щ˽֮ЩοҲǰοһڡй١¸ǰ塱һͷˮ
ȻһͷˮͬʱҲ档
ȻǵĵڶĿĵؾũׯǰ³ʱǾע⵽ѽЩ֮ȻҪһ̽
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Ĵ󲿷οͣЩһο֪ͣԵũׯĴڡ
ԣȻȻοǲûие£һϲ뼤
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ȻԱߵ׷ͬܵҵ׷ȻֻһֻƱӴǿ׳ͣʹôҸԸ׻
׻ִ˵еͬʱôҸϲ뼤
Ǿ϶һ޶ĴڣҼǵǸоǱϵľ˶Ҫˡ
ֻȻǡꡱˡ
ֻһһԡꡱȫֽȻͬķӦ
ߵԵΪ˷ܣʱʱİڼˡұߵİ׻أȫûκεķӦʱ΢˫Ŀһ
ֻż΢΢۾˵ĿһˡȻ󡭡Ȼֱˡ
ȻֻǸգΪʲôûȥǺӰأ
ʵÿһ˶ȥǺӰǣԵũׯй涨δǰ֮Ӱ
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취ȻУҲֻһ֡Ǿǲμӽũׯ¸ǰ塱ȦȦȵȡ
μЩиָĽУͰ׻ӰĻᡣ
˽Щ֮󣬲οͶзݣʲôӵĻأΪܹ׻Ӱƴˣ
ߣߡڻûпʼȥֳһϤϤȡõ
ԣԡô磬ôҲеƲǡ
ͬȥͬȥ

κֱŶӣһֱȺѰֱزġ
ʵáѰҡһʲʡΪֱܹزʵ̫ˣȥѰҡ
κŶ֮Ⱥдֻ뾡ȫİԵũׯȫֱȥ
ֻǣҲྫʵľͷκźѣ֪Ͷ׼ֱ豸ˡ
ֱĹֱ俪ڣһֱڲС
ڲ830룬ũׯһлûпʼѾ20
ֳ˺öѽ
翪ʼ綼Щʲôݣܲܶһ£
ǰֳܶ˶˵ʲôй١֮ģ˼ӡ
ˣϽǽܰ

κʱʹǵԣκȻҪǵҪ
ոѾҪ̶˽ˣǱֱͨϵͳҪ̸˵һ顣
˵ôڣŻûпʼȴȥֳһֳ֮ǻԻľ淨һЩ롣
ֱĹǣ˰ѽ֮̽ȫֵ÷ǳ˷ڴ
ۣڴѽй١¸ǰ塯־͸оȤӣ
֮⣬ľϲ
ٺ٣ҿôˡЩ׼ˣҪľʿ
Ҿͱֻˣ֪ͨһԼѣǾѾʼˣõȵ


Ѿͷأô춼ôˣûпȺУʵ
ЩĻؾһĽʺ޵Ȼ˵Ѿͷϲ֣ڲ֪ܵȥˡҲһֱûп
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ãȺЩܺһɡҲȥֳɣٺ٣֤Цöʹ
һ˵ǲʲô˵Ϸɣ
һЦ˵Ȼǣ֪ˡ



һʮ оܵظ
ũׯţǰ200״һĶҵƽء
ڣƽصѾΧο͡ǡй١Ļֳ
ۣʲô
ÿһλո߽οͣĳ󣬶鲻Խķһľ
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ؿڵλøߵͲͬһصλͣڶԸߣߡ
ǰؿڵλһǡóʰZ͡
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Ǿÿһؿ棬һλŭĿԲй١
λйپͷɴñԲ쳤ۡϵϬǴŵͷѥ롣
ΨԲ쳤۵ɫһ
һأŹйΪɫڶأȪ·йΪɫأκйΪɫ
׿ΧĻ⡰й١Ļֳоܵظһ㡣
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ڣ뿪ʼ20ӵʱ䡣

ոմҿľй١Ļֳôûһ쬵ĸоʵҲĸоֳοƺûĸоܶ˶һԾԾԵӡ
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ԭǡй١ֳãй١ֳ
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˼Ҳ֪˭ģ
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Ҳ档ʱộӦòжѲŶԡ


ڴԽԽʻͣ
Ȩл߳ͣźѹѹȺƻֺũׯţ΢΢Щľ
ȨлŶûı仯Ҳ̫˰ɡ
лп˭˵ء߰ɣҲȥѯ̨
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糤еĻи߰κ󶫿ΧȺЩɡ
ʵһЦ˵Сӵ飬ʲôʱǵԤ֮Уǲǲġ
κϸһ룬С飬һβǵ֮⣿
ʱκ󶫵ϣΨһ˿Ц
Ǳߺ̵ҲȥһšСӽ춼ŪЩʲô˵
ţ߰ɡҲ֪κ󶫵

ھȥݷ֣ϣǵȻȥŤͷʵ
࿴˿ܣ˵ȻȥϤһ»˳һ֣ס
ţᰵͷ˵ֻ̫ˣƲô
ЦûϵżСӵũׯҵƽóûĴ࿴
ᰰһۣ˵Ҿ֪ĿģҪΪũׯ
һЦ˵߶ҪҪ

ϺҲ̫˰ɡҪôʦҪ绰˵
Ҳ΢΢Щȣܿ־С飬ҪóȥƶϾͶˡ
Ļ˵ŸҲ̫ļˡĴתһת˵ʲôϲ
ɣתת༸˵Ҳֻˡ
ֻǣǲΪʲôϲһЩʲô֮࣬Щ·ûʲôʵġ


һʮ ΪʲôҪ¸ҡǰ壿
οڴ˽ˡй١ôһ֮󣬳Żʱ䣬æܵ¸ǰ塱ĻֳҲ˽һ¡
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ʱ¸ǰ塱ֳΧŵοͣ໥۷׷ס
Ҷף⡰¸ǰ塱Ǹʲô˼
ֻڳ룬һֵװáЩװƺȫܽɣм䱻ĸƽ̨
ĸƽ̨ͬܽɣǳңҡΨи߶вͬұߵƽ̨ͣ߶ҡιȥһƽ̨һƽ̨Ըߣĸƽ̨ĸ߶ȴԼ2.5ҡ
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ȻƺûʲôѶѽ
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УǺ棬ӦǷֹ˴ˤˡ
ؼǣ˴ˤ
ܵοǸ㲻ף

κͬ㲻ס
ЩεĿһȻֱͨϵͳ˵Ǹոտľǡ¸ǰ塯ĻֳˣȥƺѡΪʲôҪ¸ҡǰ壿ͬʱö֪ҲżܿҪʼˣʱȻһˡڣǻץʱ䣬ȥһֳɡ
κ඼㲻ףôֱĹǸһͷˮˡ
⡮¸ǰ塯ȫ
ã֧˾ͲȥԵũׯ𣿡
ЩŹŹֵֹװãǲǰʲôѽ
ӦðɣȻ϶ɾͨ˰ʲôأ


ʱ㲻¸ǰ塱ô£οֳȦȦ
ȦȦĻֳڡ¸ǰ塱ǰб棬첽ߣͬҪ2ҵʱ䡣
ֳǡΧһΡ
ڣȦȦĻֳͬΧ˲ˣͬ˽
ֻǣֳǰֳҪöˡ
ټƽϣʲôʩûСֻƽص룬øΧһ߳Ϊ10ҵ
ڵĵϣƺ˸ʽĶֻһ첼ţĲ̫С
ô鷨
ܵοЩߵķ֣ոӵֳǸ㲻ס˼򵥵ֳ̫ͬ
⻹ܲˣˣο档
ǸմϿƵʱһͷˮΪ˻ֳ֮һж÷ǳ
˭֪ڰֳˣȻһͷˮԽԽԺ
⵹ҲӼǵĺġ
һаҸ㲻ףǰɣɣҴҪ㵽ô



һʮ ԵӡƬ
ʱ850֣οࡣ
ڣοҪۼطѯ̨ũׯǰԼֳ
ֳ10ʱ䣬ͽͬʱ
ڣÿֳĹ֯ԱѾλʸѡʼ
Ϊʸѡ
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ʸѡͬʱпˡͨߣǰͨڴŶӵȴء
ڣʸѡѾǰ10ӿ

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ڣڳصǰѾø˳ѡĿ˳ء
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ѡ˳ڴһӡСй١ĹбЯʽ˷ĹԱ˵λοǣҺáӭй١Ļֳй١ڴŴǰءڱ֮ǰϸĶԱߵĴ֪עر֤İȫȻˣʲô⣬Ҳҡ
һ£ĿˣһԱĻһ20οʵ
һʧߣߴҴ𰸰ɡԱЦ
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ֳɭɭģô֪ҪȥһߣҪһġ
ΪһжʣΪһߣʧܵĸȻǱȽϸߵġ
ʧˣҪĿ֮£ԼġߴԼôġ
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˴ͷ֮˵Ļ˲ͱ
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ͣͣͣ
Χһ֮͡˵˲ǡ
ԱҲ̲סЦôѣ뵽ʸѡأμʸѡ
ϣ˴Ӧһν뵽ʸѡء
ˣһ¡ֻҪһأͿȡˡ𣿡һ20Ůʵ
ǵģһأнƷѡһ֡ڶأѡ֡أѡȡ֡Ա
ôᵽġԵӡƬǷҲڽƷأһοʵ
ԱҡҡͷЦԵӡƬΪƷκλĽƷбСֻĳԵũׯĸط·ߵ֦ϣͰԣǴصĹؿеȵȡõ벻ĵطп֣ܳԲ̬ͬ֡ԣͬʱҪرעЩĶоϲŶ
ԭллոյο˵
λѣ鷳һ£ʲôǡԵӡƬô֪Աߵһοæʵ
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㲻֪ոοͺǾ棬Ťͷˣϲر˵𣿶ѯ̨ǣҲѹ𣿡
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Ͱ׻ҲûˣοЩ
׻ʲô˼ǲǴ˵е𣿡һԺ
ˣһ仰Ҳ˵Լȥũׯ￴֪ˡȸ˵˵⡮ԵӡƬɡοͻǺġ
ɳɣллллæл

ԵӡƬũׯΪƷԸʽĳũׯĸط
;
ڽԶһκεĽЩĽͨԵӡƬܻá
Ҫǣ100öԵӡƬܶһΪġԵӡ
ԵӡԵũׯӵСԵӡˣԺũׯһѶۡ
ҲԵũׯΨһĴ۷ʽ
ȻҪڽ켯100öԵӡƬƲܡ
ûйϵοǽõġԵӡƬڶһƷ󲻻ջأοǿ԰ؼҡ
ԺԵũׯͨʽšԵӡƬοǿԼռʲôʱ100öʲôʱһԵӡ
ԵӡƬ롰ԵӡȻȫԵռ䡣
ԵռƷȻǷƷǡԵӡƬǡԵӡǳľ
ο͵õԵӡƬһΪΪƷ



һʮ һλ
й١ʸѡ˳ء
Ŀǰ100ˣֳ10С飬ͬʱпˡ˶ĻԼӿ
˵ķʽܼ򵥣ÿ˵ж3ֱ10ҵܽƤÿֻҪ3ܽƤȫӽǰ2״ԲͰƤ򲻻ᵯ
ͳɹͨˡ
ԲͰֱ50ң40ҡԲͰ̶װã̶׸ߵĵطͰڳǰ30б
էһ⿼˷ǳ򵥣ͨӦ÷ǳߡ
ʵȴǡǡ෴ͨʷǳͣһɡ
Ϊʲôֳ˵ʵʿ֪ˡ
ƤĵԼѣӽԲͰƤ򣬺׵ľͻᵯԲͰ˶ֻӽȥһƤЩһƤӲȥ3ȫ˳
ѽҪôҪɾ
ӵһ㣬ӵһ㣬ƤԲͰ滬ȥ
⿴źܼôԲȥأ
򵥰ҲȥӸǿ

Χ۵˼ӳȥƤʮоŸԲͰ׷״ġָ㡱ſӦӡ
ǿܼ
ȻֻȥԹ֪֮ҪƤԽԲͰжôѡ
Ǿ˴ϰƤ־뼼ɡ
Ǿֻƾˡ
ڣȻûлȥϰأܲͨˣͿɡ
ףЩʲôȥǳѽ
ôô3Ƥȫˡ
ǡй١ʸѡȷ˼ߣҲȥ
һЩո߽ο˵
ǣԽԽοͿʼҪȥ֤һ£ǿƺܼ򵥵Ĳǲôѡ
ȻҲΪƤĿˣʮȤȻͨȥʵʸһҲǲġ
ҳɹˡ˳Уһ20˷ܵغ
ֳĹԱæ˵ϲλѳΪһͨߣ㽫ǡй١ĵһλߡͨͨؿڡǰй١ͨڡ
ѽСӸɵòͨˡ
Сǵһߣҿɶġ
ܵοһƬк֮
ͨ˵Ҳ˷쳣һ߱ȭͣΧ˴кһǰй١ͨڡ
Ӿܹͬھ콱̨һĿ
ӴʱޣҲΧһЩĽѡЩ֮ǰμӿˣȴûͨˣѽϧѽҸոǰƤӽȥˣһƤ˳Ȼʱ˾͸ˡϧ

롰й١ֳһ¸ǰ塱롰ȦȦֳҲͬڽʸѡ
˵ķʽҲ롰й١Ǳߵͬ˵ȻҲǱߴͬС죬ߴߴָ㽭ϡڶ
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ˡôһƯӴأҲ

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ֱĹѾͻ60ٶԽԽ졣
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ۣĻǲɣ˵ţȥԣûӽɲ׼Цҡ
ȥɣȥɣҲЦ㡣Ҫᣬ仰˵ġ
ѾͷԽԽûûСˣٽ㡣ݺݡĶСѾͷ˵
Ѿͷ֪ʲôܵˣոǾ仰ȻСѾͷ˵ġ
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磬ңҲҪȥСѾͷ˿ûġвϣҡ֣
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ܿ죬ֵμӿˡ3Ƥоһ¡Ƥ̫ᣬӦӽȥŶ԰
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Ȼɴñ˴ӡȷӦþ֣ϡ˵ͬǲ졣
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ֱĹҪ֪𰸣ֳ֪ͬ𰸣ڶԴ𰸷ǳĺ档
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ӵһĴ𰸿˶֪һ⣬ȻҲҪ˼ά߸һ£֪ȷĴ𰸣СӸոմ˼·Ӧûԡ
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𰸺˻Ȼ򣬾ĥΪʲô𰸺ͻȻԼȥ벻أƺǶѰҲΪǽӴ̫ˣӴ⣬ǾܹȽ׵ĵóˡţһӵġ
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˼󣬾ǾһĿתĶŴĻҪһʲôӵģ
ǸоԼѾ˴ľϣһӦܹˡ
ֳֻΪֱĹڣҲΪġ
ǶԼģһĴڱصá

ڣҲȥߵˣܴܲһ⡣
Ȱʱص9ȥһ¸ǰ塱ǱߵĻտʼʱʲôӵġ
9¸ǰ塱ߵΧȡй١Ǳ١ߵ˸ǴͨڴŶӵȴصЩˣǾġ
ǰλĸŮųֵֹĸװãؿڡͨͨͣ
ȻţŮϵ˷֮ɫȴҲ١һһһĸŮǾԵĿ
ŮԼĺò൱ŵġ
ȻʵҲȷˡڴضǰŮڵȷڳжһ޶Ľ㡣
ҲκֱŶӾͷĽ㡣
ߵֱ豸һױ豸ЧԶû豸ôáûа취κֻ׼һֱ豸Щͬʱֱ豸ֻѡһֳ
豸ȻǱõģֱԱרҵġͨרҵֱֲһЩ豸ϵĲ죬ֱĻҲǲġ
ͬʱֱֱƵʵһڣڡɹڱл
ڣҲвٹڵƵߵĻ档ͷеŮȫ۾
ӴȥŮŮҪһȥأ
ЩڸʲôôôһεεŮһȥأҪں棬ȥŮλá
⡮¸ǰ塯ֳȥƺװŮǵһ͵һɣҲס
⵹ҲǣҾԭºЩˡңһŮۣӴ


¸ǰ塱ֳ
ߵĹԱȡй١Ǳ߻ҪһЩΪߵĳظ󣬹ؿڸࡣ
ڣߵĴҲѾʼ
ֹĹԱǰ棬һλߣһλĸŮʱҲ۾һ
漴ɫȴЩŹ֡ôƯһŮһȥأĺ
Ҫ֪ЩؿڿƺһƬ̹;ΪؿڻûȻЩؿһλŮûô˷ˡ
Ա˿ŮЩа̾һͬǲѽ
֮̾˵ϲλŮΪһλߣ׼𣿡
ŮͷţѾ׼ˡ
ԱҲͷ˵õģǾһϴ̨
̨ұߵĻɫƽ̨
õġŮٴεͷ빤Աһͨɫƽ̨Աߵ̨ףϻɫƽ̨
ɫƽ̨2ңŮȥ֮¿˿ڳ˵۾ȫԼɫ΢΢һ죬ҲĽš
ԱЦǵһλߣҰһЩص˵һ£Ҳϸˡǵġ¸ǰ塯һΪ5أͨغ󣬾ͿԻһȡĻᡣͨĹأΡͨأȻͻȡĻᡣ
ÿһλߣǴվĴ̨ͨϰǰߵɫƽ̨ΪسɹڴصĹУط䵽ϣᱻΪʧܡ
ֱȥ𣿻ʲôƣ粻Ա˵꣬Ůʵ
ˣ֪ӦʲôƵġûʲôƣֱ߹ȥĻܻȥ˶Դسɹ
ҲֳÿһˣԼֱ˶֪⣬ҲѶԱ˵
ԱͻȻǺǡЦЦЦеˣﶼЩë



ٶʮ 
ԱǺǡЦ֮˵ûκεƣҲûκεĹֻҪ㲻㴳سɹ
ûƣҲûйȫɵĿŹԱĻЩɣòʲôɣ
ûйҲûƣѵЩؿʲô壿Ŷӵһ˵
壿ԱͷҲô˵ֻǲ׼ȷ
У
ֳһƬСͳ˵ʲô׼ȷ
ʱ򣬹ԱƺͨյĳϢֻ΢΢ͷȻЦʱ䵽ؿʼ֪Ƕ֪ؿ϶ڿȥôףҲԺΪҪС¸ǰ塯ڣҰĿ⼯Щؿװϡܿ죬Ǿ֪ΪʲôҪ¸ҵǰˡ
ڳе˹ԱĻ֮ﶼǡ⡱һ£ȻһֲõԤС
ȻͬʱҲǳĺ档ӿЩװõĵһۿʼǾԺΪҪ¸ҡǰ壿
ڣ𰸼
˵Ŀ⣬ȫЩֵֹװϡ̨ϵŮ۾ǵһصģҪϸˡ
ȻֱйڵĿ⣬ͬȫЩֵֹװϡ
ͻȻֻоǰЩװƺһ¡
ףô£ѵۻˣ
˸Ͻʹգգ۾˻ԴȻٶȥڶٶȻԽԽ죬һ໥Ħ
ʲôѵǣǰɣôţ
ƺѾӦ˹ȫһ
ʱ˿̣ףΪʲôҪ¸ҡǰˡ
Ϊܶ˻ǲȥ
ǰؿŻãһصĹͲȻʱ벻ͣתٶȲ졣صʱֻٶȿһЩȥǱȽס
ڶصĴװ˳ʱĲͣתٶͬ졣صʱٶȿһ㣬ܹͬȽ׵Ĺȥ
Ȼ˵أžЩëˡ
صǽװϣЩһֱ20ҵԲȦͼԭװεģһ֡
ʱ֡ڲȭҳȭٶȲԱͨʱ򣬺ױһȭУȥ
ĹأĹͲͬʱתұһصĹͲ˽2סؼԭֹĸڴԲٶȣزͣİڶ
ĹͲתͨȽסĹͲתҪôڴ䣬ҪôΪܴڴ²ȶ䡣
Ҫɹͨһ֣ѣ֣ѣ
ؾ͸ˡֱΪ4׵Ĵת̣෴ķͣתؼǲˮƽ̶תתͬʱ°ڶ
ڶߵʱɫƽ̨ƽ߶Ϊ3ҡڶ͵ʱɫƽ̨ƽ߶2.5ҡ
߶ȿɲͣûж˸ȥ
һж֮ŶӵȴصˣΧ۵ˣȫһ
Ȼ֪زôףҲûôѡ
˭뵽Щֵֹװã껹ᶯⶫ˵ģ˼ѽ

ֳˣֱĹͬˡ
ۿЩֵװͻȻתȫһ
ֳҲڸտʼһ֮ȴͻȻ˷쳣
Ȼ˷ܵĶ붼
Ϊʲô
Щؿôѣʱ϶׵䡣ȻˣǿЩŮڴʱĳһӾʢѽ
ŮӦҲв˷ܵġ
Ů䣬ǿԿ˧
ȻǰҪ˧ȥزСֳӦаɡŮġ
ֱֻ䷢﷢Եģ϶һЩֱе
۹һصľǳŮҮ㿪ʼɡ
ѽ֪Ůøѽ
ۣ̫ˣˬ
Ůϣ֧㡣
ȺˣողǻΪһصŮ򱧲ƽ˵Щ˲ǡ
ȿȣʵǸô˵أֻǡ


ֱһȺֱеĳŮվڴ̨ϣҧ촽ϺЩԥ
ΪĿĽȻ˷ܣڴص;еҲĿ
ңڵΣĸʷǳߡ
һҪʲôŵƵǺã
Ůںԥ
ԱŮԥһЦ˵ûйϵѡһӵʱѡ񡣡
һӵʱ䣿Ůͷһʱѡġ
Ǵ̨ϵŮԥںһЩŮʱҲԥǶŮһĹǡ
ȷʵҲΪһŮĹǷǳġ
ŶӵǿûĹǡڸտʼһ֮Ѿʮ˷ܡ
Ϊʲô
ΪֳкܶŮڴصʱ򣬾ֳŮеĽ㡣
һʲôԽѲԽء
سɹ̫˧ˡʧܣҲûйϵ
ΪڵĹУȻܹŮһЦҲ㹻ˡ
ҴǲӦð˧һЩܶŶӵ˼⡣

̨ϵĳŮڿǡ
һӵʱ䣬ɰֱֱеǱòС׷ŮҪǧҪѽ
Ȼֳһǣͬͬ
ôŮѡ



ٶʮ Ҿϲݹ
һʱܿȥԱŮʵ㿼Ǻ𣿡
Ůҧҧ³һ˵ԣ
ԡŮ򵥵˵ĸֳ֡һֱǣȴͬʲôһ㣬һã
Ŀȡ
ԱͷǾԤףλ¸ҵŮسɹŮ
ŮٴһؿڡĿһ첽һؿڡ
Ů˳ȥ˵ĿȻҲ˳ȥǶ뿴λεεŮܹܲɹһء
Ȼһûһʲô뷨ǾͲö֪ˡ
ֻŮܵһؿڴ1Զĵطٶ΢󣬱ֱ޳˫ȣǰ̤˼С鲽
Ȼҽ͵һ󲽳ʱתĹͲװá
һ˫ٵ˼ȵ䵽ڶƽ̨ɫƽ̨ϡ
ƯֳȲʣǽеΪ𾢡
ֱֱͬС
˫ȣȥˡȳѽ
ٺ٣ȳûҲֻ֪֪˫ڹͲʱ򣬿̫ˡ
ѽѽֳ˭ƵģѵԵũׯׯֱǹͬǵ֪ѽ
ҶͬˣҹԵũׯׯȻҲͬˡȻôƳֳأ


磡
ûĴ˸磬ӣֹĪ˭߶Ҳɣ
ǲֱ֪ЩԺ󣬻ô룿
ȻҲϲŮɣǸֳĿëĹϵ

¸ǰ塱ֳ
Ůɹһ֮Ҳϲ˵ĺȲ֮Щ⡣
һôˣŮôˣ⻹ɵľ͹˵һء
ǵڶءɹһغŮʮ㡣
ڶرȵһҪ΢һЩŮ˵Ӧò
Ȼͬİ취ŮĴɵĿڶصĴװáȵƽ̨ɫƽ̨ϡ
ƯֳȻȲʣŮҿһͷҲʹôҵĴ
վɫƽ̨ϵŮͬĻϲֻǣĵأŮЩˡ
ǽװϣǺ޹ɣʱʱľ޴ȭͷŮЩ顣˵ȭͷУǱвһ£״·ϵȥ
ֱֳĹڣʱҲǰֻڲŵʱ̡
ɫƽ̨ϵŮͣ˼֮һҧŵȥû취ҲҪϰѾˣܲȨɡ
ŮСĵǽǰܿ͵˵һȭͷûĵط
ŮСĵĹ۲ţȭͷǽ˲䣬ŮѸɹͨ˵һȭͷûλá
ȻǿʼȭͷûĵطԽԽܼ
ŮһһСĵǰ˵ҲһһСĵǰ
20֮ŮɹȭͷĳȭͷΪֻܼҪɹͨ򣬵ؾʹسɹҲһѡĻᡣ
ŮһٴγɹһȭͷûڰҵʱͻȻֳˣСģ
ʲôŮһûӦȻͻȻоԼĴȴʲôһ岻ȥ

Ůֻüһܵľ͸оԼ͵ֱ׹
ӦʱѾϡ
ֳһƬϧ֮Ůڻûдء
ΪһŮǵһߣܹѾܲˡܶһܹء
֪Ϊոܵ˾ţǾЩ˼Ů֮󣬼ӹȥˣȻûվ
ȫһԹԱ״æ첽˹ȥϷŮȻֲŮ߳档
ܵοͣĿһĻĽʵĿ⣬ԹԱȼˡ
Ͻÿ֣Ǵʱοǹͬ
ŮΪʲôȥ

ֳοĽʡֱһͬĽʣһֱС
С˭Ͻÿɶ񣡡
ղݣԵũׯԱǵĸֱ̫ˡ
û˭ʶԵũׯׯ鷳һ£ﻹ˲һûйϵҾϲݹģ
Ҳ˳һ£ҵһֱܹ뵽ԵũׯĴ֮ͥС
ңԵũׯһֱҵ롣鷳˭Եũׯׯ˵һлл



ٶʮ ˴ػֶ
һλŮڵشʧܺ󣬵ڶλ͵˴̨ϡ
һʮҵӣ˶ǳ˷ܣ֪ǲΪڳŮ棬ڶԵʡ
̨ϵĹԱӷǳ˷ܣ̲סһ򵥵Ĳɷá
λѿȥƺǳ˷ܣԸʲôԭ𣿡Աʵ
ȷֳôˣлвٵŮڶڿҡҺ˷ܣҲܽšӴǷǳ̹ס
ãðܵ˷ǳӵĴкãлвٵŮ
Ӹ˷ܣ˫ֱȭͣĸ˴кɫǵЩ΢΢졣
Ա̲סЦôһ£ܹڼأ
ȫͨأǱߵɫֱָ̨ǰɫ̨˵
ãðСӺģǿ㣡
Сϣɫ̨ڵ㡣
һδкá
ԱҲãǾԤףλѵɫ̨ڣ
ãӴһá˫ԭ£ȻԼٶȣһʱתĹͲ
ӵһֻţ̤˹ͲӵڶֻţҲ̤˹ͲӵֻţŶԲûˡ
ӵֻŶ̤˹ͲڹͲ粽ǰӼ̤ϵڶɫƽ̨
׼̡
Ȼ¸ҵ̤˵ϵ档
ţûǵϵ棬ΪѾȥ
۹
Ӵȥ
ܶʱЦӣЦѾֱˡŮҲǿӣ۶Ц⣬ոյһλصλŮ
̫Ȥˣ
Щװõ˭Ƶѽ̫вˡ˭ʲôĵ飬վһʲôҲûˡ
ӴһԼĹͲϡҲûоʲôΣڳʱ򣬻ֳֺ˴к
۹
ǵ˴ЦֹȻЦûж⣬ǾǸ̫ɰˡ
׳־Ҫɫ̨ȴ׳־ѳ޵һءԽԽǾǸɰԽԽǾúЦ

ֱйڣҲЦ
СЦİɣȷʵҶˡ
Сӵһؾûȥ˼ŮԶˡ
ڷֲŮпͷЩظǻֶѽ
ĿƵúã̫ˣϣԺܳڿ
ԽԽǾԵũׯ˲ðׯֱˣ
ǰ㿴ֳһ໶֣ũׯЩˣԲѽ
ԵũׯһĵطһҪʱ䣬ȥһ


Ϻ⡮¸ǰ塯Ĵʵ̫ˡ˭ģ˲ţԵ˲šԵ޵۶ǡ
༸ͬˣ۾Ȼ΢ţȻȴ۷Ź⣬Ȼʲô⡣
ɿ˿˷Ź۾ЦôȤǲǲоϲ𣿡
һЩεЦЦûشɣ˵ϺѵЩǳʦ
ϺҡͷҲʦûҲֻдʦĴ
˼ĵͷԥһ£ʵϺиһֱܺ档˵ʦҵʲô
Цҡҡͷ˵ҲûҵֻҵԵũׯׯ
ԵũׯׯһũׯѣôҪ𣿻ҵ˾Ժ벻ס
ɵҪСһũׯһԤУũׯԺǵľϲԶԶǵ󡣡
ɵϺ˵ԶԶǵ̫˰ɡʦӵ裬һʡһũׯôڣڳЩʲô
༸ҲǰԵͷȻҲͬĹ۵㡣
ɼǲţҲ׼ټ˵ȥˣֻǵЦɣ˭֪أ

¸ǰ塱ЦϣĸεǳǴصĽôͬҲȥ
ڣٰʱǰһص9ӻտʼʱȥһȦȦǱߵ
ȦȦߵҪһЩҲûеơ
ǾߵĻûƶͯܲμӡ
˲ٴźӵļҳŶӵȴĶ鵱УҲвٺӵӰ
ǶǿֵģһŶһ໥䣬ߴߴ˵ʲôʱʱΧĴǷЦ
໥޶Էӵǲڶ
ȦȦӾԼ˵ԶԶϲ䱾Ȥζԣȴδػ١
ڣߵĻҲѾʼ



ٶʮ ҶȦȦ
ȦȦֳ
ͨŶӴǰģͬһŮӡֻŮûǱߵǸŮôҫۣĻòҪһЩ
ŮڵڶλģһʮСкҲ֪СкʸԼõģ丸ĸõġ
ֱ3ƵУһڵĻߵĻֳ
ߵֳϣûǱˣ˵ڣʾߵĻ档
ڣڵһŮӣеĺƵеĽ㡣
ףߵĻкӲμӡ
ǡųô򵥣кӲμҲ
ûйϵؼҪȤζԡֻҪȤζ㣬ԽǼ򵥣ʺϵȺԽࡣ
¥˵ĺеڻѾʼˣǿȤζôɣ

ȻֱĹԣ϶ڳòϣЩʱЩڵĻǷǳеġ
ͱոһλ˵ģֻҪȤζ㣬ԽǼ򵥣ʺϵȺԽࡱ仰˵ķǳе
ھͿ⡰ȦȦǲùǾȤζʮˡ

ȦȦֳֹԱһŮӡⰲŵģŮӽ22ꡣ
⵱ȻǿǵСӵԵʣչСŮԻһЩƵġ
ʱ9ͨڵǰ棬һЦ˵ӭȦȦֳӦҲѾˣǵĻֳǱұȣԵ̫һЩ
˵洫һЦԼҲЦЦأǵȤζԡʲôӵȤζԣҺܿͿ֪ˡڣ˵һĹ򡣡
˵ͣһ£ҶŶżÿһλʸѣȻȡ5ܽȦȦСҲͬȡ5ŶȻأҾͿԼеȦȦȥȡҪĶˡȻˣȡʱҪһġ
һ£ҪȡأĻһοʵ
ЦЦ˵λʵ÷ǳãھΪʾһ¡ȣǵĹԱѸһ첼ҿ
Ҫҿ첼ˣ˾۾һ첼ӿʼھһֱ뿴Щʲô
ڣҪҿˡ
ֳ˺棬ֱĹͬ档ֳŮ˵Ҫҿ첼֮Ҳһ۾ϴҪ浽Щʲô
ֳԱ뵽صСһһߣס첼һǣȻ첼ҿ
첼ոձƿһߣŵһߵˣȫ鲻Խġ~һƺǿʲô˾ϲĶ
һ~Ҳʱûпˣڴ
ź첼һһ㱻ҿҲԽԽ˿ʼ~
ֻѾҿ첼ĵϣĿİ˸ʽ׵Ķͬˮ㾧Ө͸ȴ滨㽿εĸֻأȴʮ־ĸ๤Ʒȵȡ
ЩΪεũׯҵרȥƵһЩƷƻ֮󣬻ÿռƷٴμӹ
ԣЩǸģҲԵũׯС
ÿһ̬棬ֵۣܹסЩջֳȻҲһ
ũׯԱһοЩʱͬǾ̾ѡ
˸ʵƷ֮⣬Ľɵ׷ƺӰ߲Żȯ޽ʹã;ȵȡ
Щȫڣ߳Ϊ10׵ˮ̨ϣصĶȻԡ
ڴҵķӦеǳĸˣҲһ˿΢ЦҶΪ׼ЩƷǳϲǵׯרΪεũׯҵ׼ļƷֻũׯУûеġ
˾ǰԵͷǵȷûм˾ĹƷܵõһۣҪļ塣
ЩɶũׯҵļƷָԺ󻹻ʲô;
뵽ֳһȡ
ôܵõأУһŮʵ
ЦЦ˵ҽҪʾģҶŵȦȦ˰ɣ
ȫͷʾˡ
ǾȦȦȥȡҪĶҪĸĸֻҪˣˡҪôȡأҿʾһ顣
һ˵һߵøľ߱ϣǵ˫űվھ֮ڣһҪעⰡСҲһΥ棬ǳɹ˶ҲߡȻֺϰ̽ߣӸߵŶȻֻҪеȦȦӳȥͿˣôӶԡ
˵ְеȦȦһӡֻȦȦƮƮģתתķ򳡵УȻȥбһˮ̨ϡ
ס𣿡ȫһϲϺװ
Ȼȴ˵ȻǣСҪȦȦȫˮƽסˮ̨ɹסǵĹԱʾһ¡
һ߽УְѸոӳȥȦȦȫˮ̨ϡ
ЦֻǳɹסҶ𣿡
˵ͷȻһȴǿɥȻǶˣֻҪȫסѶеѽ
ΪȦȦֱˮ̨ĶԽߴ˶٣ҪȫסƳɹʺܵ͡
⿴ȥǷǳ˼˺ֶܿԾԾ



ٶʮ ˣ
ȦȦֳ
ҶһԾԾԵģ˵ҶЩȲˣôǵ̿ʼǵĵһλ볡
ǰŮһϲ볡УӹԱӹ5ܽȦȦȻžߣֱߵеһطͣ
ЩΣ滨ˮƷĻӵһۿЩؿʼŮӾ;ϲĪʵ̫Ưˡ
˵ʲôҲҪһػȥѪõ壬ֻ1.5Զ׵ֵġԶһЩƻư׵ѩ̬ĺȵȡ
ЩŮӶҪؼֻ5ȦȦһأ΢һԥŮӻѡ˿ȥ׵ֵõ֡
Ů˫ŽžߣĴָʳָסһȦȦϰ㵽ĳ̶ȣֱһеȦȦõ廨أֻв1׵ľˡ
ŮдϲɹʿȥƺӦñȽϸߡŮ飬䡣֮ƺҵ˸оһĴָʳָȦȦ˳ȥ
УУŮвϵ
ֳҲаŮ˶ҲǵģȻܹС
ֳֻˣֱҲĹΪŮŮЩĸֻأͬĶ֡
ȦȦҲǳȤ̵ĸоδؾͻյõ
ҲֱĹ۾׷̾ԵũׯǲѰ·
ⲻ͹˿ͼƷ͵ıĲãȤζ
̳ҵҲ˿һЩСƷСƷ֮Ķͻֻǡ͡й˿ˣ͵һȥһ˿ͣһΡ
Щ˿ͻӣЩ˿ýӡ˵Щ˿ͣǰѶһţ䲢⡣
Եũׯأ
ȲЩµļƷ޷ܾ˼ͼƷֶΣ˾Ȥζ
ǵͷʲôƷҲûõֳҲκεźΪüƷḺ́һõļ
룡룡룡ʵ̫ˣ
ֱĹ뵽Щ޲İо˼Եũׯׯһ֣˧Ȳ˷̫ļƷֳܹĹ˿¸߰
Եĸְ

ȦȦֳ
ŮӳȥȦȦ˵Уתת򳡵رԵһѪõ塣
ԽԽԽԽ
գȦȦõ廨һбõ廨·ˮ̨ϡ
һƬϧɹʹȻܵ͡
ŮҲаϧֻģȥ׵ֵĶײס
ԣڶĸȦȦ׼ĸոǴõ塣
ȻϧǣÿһۿŶҪȥˣȴǲһ㡣
ֿϧŮҲǾɥѣòײŻʸ񣬾ֻʣеһȦȦˡ
ˣһȦӰɣôΣһζУһΣ뵽ŮֱеһȦȦŻؼеķһӡ
֮Ů֣׼˳ֳҲ֪Ůһӣˡ
ֻǣô
ʵ֤ʱǺܺġͱڣŮӳȥһȦƫȫסһˮ̨ˮ̨һ֧ȫʢѩ
ˣŮһ㶣漴ӦǾϲ⻹ӦǾ䣬ԻĲ
״æ˵ϲǵĵһλߣɹѩһ֧
ʱһԱȥʰȡŮӳȥȦȦһԱӳߵʱⷿУȡһ֧ѩ˹
ѩʢһ͸ܽСŮӾϲĽӹܽУǰϸһ£֧ѩӾ
񣬾Ө͸о滨ҪƯ
ãðŮѽ
ۣѩƯҲҪ
ֳڽк֮࣬ҲĽѡЩŮ۾ﶼðСǡ
һλ߳ɹѩһ֧ǵڶλߣһ10кӡ
кСȴһ㲻ӳҲҪĸæһ5ȦȦֱӽ뵽С
кҲԼĿ꣬Ǿǻɵ׷ƺӰʸ
кСžء
ܳɹǰ׻ӰѺӰƬõѧУȥðͬѧǿҪøЩСŮСŮǶݲѡ
ּͰһʮķ޺кӵĸĸˡ
ȻͬΪк͡ϲġ
кȴǶڳļûκεķӦ۾ֱֱУ׻Ӱʸˮ̨
Ҳûκε׼ֱӾͰеȦȦһһĶ˳ȥ
ǺӣǱȴҪѡɴࡣߵĲ˶š
֪ľˣкӳȥȦȦͬһƫеȫסһˮ̨ˮ̨ʢŵĶӰʸ
ۣˣˡӸ˵ֽС
Χ۵˿ųĺӣҲ¶΢Ц



ٶʮ Э
ȦȦߣ˶ɹȡԼҪĶúŶӵĴ
ڽĹУкϧϣֳò֡
ڣǻصʱ䣬ȥũׯĸһ
й١ֳ
λڡŹءѾˡ
ʣһ˴ӷɻϵûнɡȴûˣΪʲô
ӷɻϵûнɡȴûˣôأǴߣֳˣֱĹڣԺＱ˼⡣
֮ǰȫһܹشһġڲôʹԼǣ룬һҪ
ΪʲôΪʲô߸˼άһҪ߸˼άܰ˼άȥ룬˼άҲд𰸡
ڣÿ˶֪һ㣬ڲϵĵ߸Լ˼ά
ô
ȻУֱĹڡڵĹڿأȻ֪Ҫ߸˼άܻ𰸵ġ
Ȼ˷ܲѡ
֪ˡ𰸾Ƿɻͣڵϣûɡ
¥ϴŰһ
ֱȻ˲ű㿴ֳЩ˳üģȥѴ𰸸ǡ
ʲôˣοзˡ
¥ϵ˼ʵҲġ

ֻǿϧֱֻĹǣһǿзˡˡ
ΪֳȺҲͬ˴𰸡
֪ˣɻûɡһͻȻе
Զԣûɡ
СӣǷɻûɡ
ôһУܵȺҲϷӦ׷״ڴصӡ
վڡŹء̨ϵأȻҵĺ۾ʱæ˵𰸡
֮󣬹Ȼڴ̵𣬴سɹ
Үġһ󻶺ΪصӣҲΪԼ
Ϊ˵Ǵصһڴ⣬˵ֳһ𰸣صǵĴˡ
ֳÿһ˶веȤУһȫĿ񻶡
ЩⱾȤζ𰸸벻ֳּÿһ˶ԲУֳȤҲǿǰǡ
ԽĿڴҲ˻ĬĬԼľһһҪһ˵𰸡
صͨȪ·Ϻ˴кȻ롰Ȫ·
һֵĴ⼴ʼֳԼֱйڣҲ׼

ʱһһĹȥũׯοҲԽԽࡣ
ڣοһ³ũׯʱʱǽкãźֻǺЦ
ˣʲôʱ̣οţ漴Сũׯߣž֪ũׯ淢ʲô顣
ǲ׻Ҳũׯ̰ţȻҲͲ֪ũׯΪƷԵӡƬˡ
֪ԵӡƬζǺпܻõԵӡƬĻᣬο˶˺ܳһʱ䡣
һǺ˵һЩҴܽũׯοͣܽũׯ
ǴӺ7ĺһģǸսũׯͿǰ100״Χˣһȫ¸߰Ŀų롣
ԼԼõһЩֵֹĲ
ȥǱ߿ָǰ˵
󣬱˴źӣΧȺһǰȺȥ
ְۣ쿴зˡո߽7ĺӾʹؽе
зˡ޶ȻҲˡǰȺ룬3׸ߵһ̨ϣһӱһͻȻĴӻɣһĻߣȻȥ
ʲôȻ֪ǿ϶ʲôзˡڸյټǲԵʣҲǸʲô
޶˶һۣ˶Էеĺ棬æźǰȥҪ
ϧѽϧٶһʱ䣬Ҿˡϧʱϴʱ䣬һҲֻ8ӵʱ䡣
ǰ8ӵʱҲ̫ˣز׹
ûû£ѶȲźãЭȡһθȫͨء
Զԣλֵ˵öԡһͲˣô˻
Ӹոǰ·̣޶ȫǶֺɻ
λֵܣ鷳һ£ʲôԱߵһʵ
Ťͷ˿һӣͷ˵ǸţãȤˡ
Ӻİ½һ£˵һѾ롮ŹءˡĿϾҪˣһҪ𰸡һͲˣһⶼ벻
״󣬶޶ҲǴȤͬʱַǳĺ棬ⶼЩʲôĿôôȤֳÿһˣôЭ𰸡



ٶʮ ľϲ
ʲôĿ
޶˺֪ܿˡΪһѾǰĴĻϡ
ڳƻƻһӣöġӣöġôӲأ
һֳ˶ССĶһ¡ҿûڳƻȻǰƻӵɡ
ⶼʲôⰡȻԽԽģб׼˵ģҾģûб׼ҪУһǳԽԽġš
ͬʱЩֵĿΧˣΧһǳüŶͷȻڼ˼С
ⲻǺ밡ȻԽԽģΪʲôûһ˻شأ֡˵𰸣Ҳ죬ȴ˵
ΪԼĴ𰸣ǳզû뵽ֳյСҪͻȻ˵𰸣Щ˵ڡ
ֳ뷨˲ֹһ
ΪڲͣĶµοֳǶ뷨ɻ
֪ˣ֪ˡǰӣһǰӡһͻȻ˵
𰸳ˣ𣬿𣡡ͬ
ŹءĴ˵ӡ֮󣬹Ȼ̵𣬴سɹ
ҮһعˣأҶע˰ĴʱԽԽˡ˻󣬻໥ľѡ
ȻԼһЩοͣʱȴһ±ơ
ȻǻûиΪʲôӡĵģ
⵹ǷӦǸ˼άûдӴͳ˼άϵ˴𰸣һʱ֮ҲӦ
λѣһ£ΪʲôǰӣոյǸʵ
֪Ǹ˼άϿ϶ϰߣٺһЦ˵ΪӣѾԵȥˡ
ŻӵĻ֮󣬶پһģ̲סŻһ¡
ԭֻ֪˵áһ˵˾öĲѡ
ӼԷķӦôЩǸЦЦһ߰οԼӣһʾûйϵԼȥ˼ԭģĵȻܹ˼ҡ
Ȼһ£Ҳǵ۾⻹ǰģ⿴ûб׼𰸵⻹д𰸣𰸻ķڷ˼
һ֮Ҳһڴ

һũׯͱй١ȻҲһֱ¸ǰ塱ȥ
ߵĻЦһֱûжϹһߣΪ˵ɫ̨ǰͺ̡ȻԸַ˼ķʽӹؿϵ˴Цֹ
ΪֹѾ20¸ҵ̤˴̨Ȼȴûһ˵ɫ̨5ضû˵
˶ڵأ˳嵽˵ĹأȻ󱻵ĹصĴڴһϡ
ȻҲһЩڵһػǵڶصʱ򣬾ѾӢ
Ҫɫ̨ѶȿǲСȻԽԽǼ˺ŶߵĺʤġһĦȭƣҪһؿȫ

ʡУϵ̨
̨ƽֱĻ棬Ŀơ
С֣Եũׯ˽٣ƽС˵
Сִ̨Եũׯ˽Ĳֻ֪࣬Եũׯҵӡ
ƽЦԵũׯλ֮ԶѾ֪ڽ쿪ҵɼϵӰС
СֵͷȷʥνѸ𣬺Сˡ¼ݡ¼ȣÿһ¼Ӱǳ󡣡
ƽԺָ¼ֻ»࣬ׯǼ򵥵С֣ϸҶһȥʡĻƱҪȥݻԵũׯׯ
Сæõģ̨̨ǿ⡮¸ǰ塯Ĵ𣿡
ƽЦֻ֮һ

Եũׯ
ֳɽ˺һλһλĴߣ־̤߰ϴ̨
ֳٲȻһƬֵĺڻеοͶѾˣЩֻǽĵһ̡
ֱʱСʱ֮ֳĹԱͬʱ10ʱ䣬ͽ
ʲô10֮ͽˣ
˶ľȣ׷ѯʻֳĹԱô¶ùأôͻȻҪˡ
ԱЦŽ͵ǻͻȻаšڵĻˣİš
ŷӦ԰ֻǽĵһ̡Ҫ־͹Щʵ̫ȤˣǲԾĳУ鶼ˡ
ңЩԭ֮ġǽˣΪˡݡԼũׯʽӪҵ
ڣ¶ûпʼء
ţԡݡũׯʽӪҵǵ͵Ĵ̡еڶ̣ؼαڴľ䣬벻ľϲ
ؼαڴľ䣿벻ľϲ
һ̾Ѿ˷ǳľϲôڶֻʲôľϲأ



ʮ ũׯ̨
ڼ䣬ԽԽοֳ
ÿֳĴǣҲԽԽãɼҲԽԽá
ʱ򣬡й١5ˣɹءκš¸ǰ塱10˵ɫ̨ȦȦҲвٵˣɹȡԼҪĶ
ڣѾΧ۵ȴûɢµţոյĻеȤ¡
ֱͬˣȻˣҵ鲢ûнڲٷĻֳڵķԱȸոջʱҪ𱬡
ҲѾͻ1500򣬴ﵽڵ2200򣬴ֱͬʱ¼¼
һ¼ڲϵУÿһλڽµļ¼
κƼ¼һ̿ʼһֱڿ״̬ڲϴµļ¼û֪һ¼նڶ٣յ֣һһ֮ǰ󲻵֡
κ༤˵ǣǣڵһ̵ĻˡǧҪ߿ΪͬǳľʡȻҲ֪ʲôңһôʧġڣ΢һ£žͷũׯ㿴һ
ʵκ಻˵ֱҲѡ뿪ոսĵһ̣ѾǾϲĪڽᷢʲô飬ǷǳڴȻѡ뿪
ˣȻֵĲᣬҲԽڴ
˵ûѾȲˡ

Եũׯ
ֳȺɢȥȻɢȥȴĴɢд˶ͬһȥ
һЩ³ֱ֮ӽũׯοͣʱָеЩˣôȫһطȥѵĻǸ򣿿ҲøŴߣΪ̫Ѿܶྫʵʱˣڿɲٴˡ
ǣЩڿӦߵοͣȫѡ˸Ŵ󲿶ǰһЩѾԶ˵οͣͷһ󲿶ӶȥͬһҲ첽߻ڴ󲿶ӵĺǰ
Ȼڻ֪󲿶Ҫȥ˶ĵطߣٲ
λѣ鷳һ£ȥȺʵ
Աһλĵοʹݽ̵ϿؼαݳݳĵصũׯĴ̨ȥĵطũׯ̨
ԭлллл
̵ϱעд̨ľλãԾкܶοͽ춼ǵһҲҵ̨λá
Ȼ̵ҲԣֻҪŴ󲿶߾ˡ

ˣʱҲ̨ķȥСѾͷֲ֪ܵȥˡ
ˣǸˣӦûᳪҵδΡɣ֮׸Ϳ𣿡ʵ
ͷǰʱǶڵ׸裬ܲùʧǡ
ⶼ10ˣ綼ʧˡ
ǺЦҲΪܹڽ죬һϲԽʧϲŻԽ
УɪһֱһֻϧƺԤУһħצ
һҲټȥǹһЦ¶֮ɫ

ʱĴ̨ѾΧ˲ٵο͡
̨ǰĿֻ̨1000ˣʱѾˡһƬյؽϿԼɲٵˣֻûλѡ
˵οͼѾûλҲ⣬̨Ҹطվ죬շǳҡ
ɵ˴ʱҲ̨ѾŲµˣļα˭Ҳֳܹµļ֮һ
϶סҵδΡ10죬ڿ⵽һʲôĸˡ˵
˵껹ЩпϺܺ죬ȴûжĸ裬Ҫڽҿصɴˡ
ЦǰʦĵƷȷڴ
ʱ1110֡
ʱũׯοͣһ϶Ѿе˴̨
κֱŶȻҲѾˣʱֱͷѾ׼˴̨
1111֣һ˷ĹԱ̨󷽵Ϣ̨߳롣
Ա̨ǰңֱһȻ˵ӭλԵũׯͣĸ͸ֳÿһλѡȻҲ͸ʱũׯطѣԼֱѡ
˵꣬ԱٴξϹ󣬻˳
٣Ϻ˸ɵÿɡôһ仰ȥˣҲ֪һֳա̲ס˵
Ц˼ֻũׯԱֲרҵˡô˻̨Ѿܲˡ
ͷ˵⵹ҲǡʦΪʲôһרҵأ
ɵҪ𣿡
룬ԹԵ˵ȷûбҪʦƷҪרҵա



ʮһ űݵĺŽ
̨ϵĹԱֻǼ򵥵˵һ仰֮˳
һ㣬̨ܵοǵû뷨Ϊ򵥵һ£ʲô׵ĵط
Ա˳֮ǵĿҲǫ̈̄ϡ̵˵ؼαڴľ䡣
ôʲôĸеľ䣿ⲻûشΪÿеľһ
ûֱ˶ϿɵľأУǷǳ١
ܹҲôףͻȻճʦƷá롶ұλС
ңҲǵĿǰΪֹΨеһ֣̱ǷΪĸҪʱĳǾѾĿеľ䡣
Ҫֳˣڴľʲôֻ¾˶شá롶ұ
Ϊ׸³ãݱʱ򡣸Ϊ׸趼һĴɫʡ
׸ݳ֮ǰĬĬţƾһ׸һ
ڣλֶѾɹΪǣһȻѸͷ
̶̼ʱ䣬ĬĬŵǣⲻܲ˵Ȧ漣漣γɵĽֻ׸׾дɫʵĸ
ֳĴ󲿷˵ֱͨۿ׸ʱʢּ𺳣ɼ¡
ļǵãáʱһδݳϡǸӵоյŮӣɾһ糪ϣ֮衣
ͬļǵãڡɴ桷ϡǸ彡Ӹӣ߿һγױݲѪڵӢ֮衣
죬̵˵ڴľ䡱
ô׸
ֳ˶⡣׸пܣӦòԭֳܶ˶Ϊġ
ΪӨȻֻǣǵĳٶȣעǺͨǲһڵѾȶ߾ǡ
ԣӦòܻһũׯĿҵϣũׯ͸¶Ĳƽ

ֳ뷨ֱǧĹڣͬ뷨
ũׯ̨ϵĹԱ˳ҵעҲǫ̈̄ϡ
⳪ϾҪʼ˰ɣ֪ûСұ롶á
ϣУ㲻ԭҲûйϵֻҪ׸С
ѽϣԭҵӨŮѽ
ҵŮֻϧŮٳҲûκεţ뿴һ۲װ
ǵȻҵŮôЩһֻ֪Լķ
꣡ҰҪʼˡ


ֳ̨
ֳ˼ǧʱͻȻ಻ԶԽԽ졣
̨豸ֳЧֻоڲԶĴϣƥ̨ķ򼲱
ԽԽضѾʼ
ţս˻ʿź졣˲ͽֳˣһѪ׳ĹŴս
ǡֻѾսеˣ˲ͱüܡ
Ϊ֪ڸʼ֮ǰ˵ĸ裬ֻһףֻһױݲѪڵġұ
Ȼ˻źִ֮ݵŽǡ
ⱯݵĺŽѾǳϤǡұʼĺŽǡ
һ̣ѾѪڣ鿺ܣѾε׸裬Ƕ׸ѾϤϤ
ֳⱯݵĺŽ¡һθܵˣ׸ʱıѪ
ǺҲ⣬Ҳٴᵽˣһ׸ʱľϲ뼤㡶ɴ桷ʱһĻĻҲһθǰ
ѾٴΣֻҪֳܹ˸еѪ뼤ĸ裬ֻʦһסұ޸п˵
ǰʦԼƷЧһ׾Ե༸ͬп
̨ϣűݵĺŽʮװأĳ֡һ缸ǰɴ桷ֳһ
ϤĻֳһμѵ
~~~~~~~
Ž֮ͬ˷ǳϤģɵź֮
Ŷǵźһɫ׵Ӽ̨
һİɫףһ彡Ӹ㣬ᶨ뼸ǰɴ桷ֳһ޶
Ӳǡұԭ飬˭
飬Ȼ飬Ȼ飡
Ӹոʮװʱ򣬴ҾѾٲ룬᲻鱾ˣ
ڣȷ̨ϵľ顣
Եũׯׯİ鱾ˣݳסұ
ɽ
˻˪

飬Եũׯ̨һײ׳Ӣ֮衣



ʮ ɫŮ
̨ϣɸ߿׸Ѫ׳ʮװתŲ䣬ɽý뻮һ
ֳ׸ĸоԶԼڼҪ𺳵öࡣ
ֳ˷Ǵʱ˿ɱݣѪ
úֳв˶ʼһ質ֻаǲžһЩ
йķʽȻǻᴫȾģԽԽ˶ʼ
ֳڳֱͬвٵҲڳ
ȻǸܵԶûֳôǿң볪飬ֳһ𳪡
ֱ鳪һʣֱʮλװһ𻺻˳ֱķһγˢƵģʽ
֪׸裬û뵽ԭ飬ǽĵڼϲˣ
׸ֳĸоԶصĵ𺳵Ķడ
ԵũׯׯȻ򵥣Ȼöȥֳݳ
һЩͻᷢȥֳʲôֵ顣
ǵҲǣԵũׯһͨũׯôˡ
֪һ׸ʲô裿еŮ𣿡
տʼҲ鶼ˣŮҲǲܰ


ֱǿʼһ׸費һֳ̨Ȼûôȴ
ڣѾ˳˻ɳڸոյıѪ֮СЩĻ棬ƺԺ֣ʧ
ֱֳ֮һ򵥵ɣһĵɡ
ͬһȪ˵ļ䣬ѸոյĲڻһԡС
򵥵ɣͬǳϤողݵĺŽһεڶ
ڣѾ֪Ǹӵоյ˶ǳ
ǵģںȷݳѾɵ׸ˣһԭǸ˶
򵥵ɸոֳοͣЩӣٴαÿ
ֿܺ͸ոյĿȫһϵȻҲһոǱߣѪǼǾϲĻŭš
ֳοˣֱȻֱͬС
ۣŮŮ񣡾ȻŮ񣡡
ֿԿֱеŮˡ֮ǰ˵ʲôţԵũׯׯǵ֪Ȼûдɡ
ûдûдׯ̫ǵˣҶˡ
ѽϧϧֳҪֳŮֻмԶľ롣ҵĸԹԣǻһʲôĸܣ
ҷڶֳÿһˣĽʣкޡ


ֳ̨
鿴ЩɶֱƲ죬۾һԱߵ䲢ûʲô󣬲ĵͷ
󲻶ɫ˵ҿΧЩģѾԿʼ궯ƺûʲôӦѽ
ոĿ⣬׵Ĳ׽ˡѾµ˵ˣٺһЦ˵ôˣ궯ɶ
˼죬Ҫ궯ˣųƽ˵
ٺЦҸȸ죬ÿμʱȻ궯ѣҲ֪Ϊʲô
һ˵۳ͻȻͣһ˵
ǺһЦ˵
ż򵥵ɣ10СŲ̊һŮ۵ѾǳϤĸʡ
ѳ˯飬
ſ۾
æµ磬
ǷȻ¶תͣ

۵֮ͯһĸһϯʱаɫȹŮӣ̨
ŮӵӰһֳ֣һδﵽֱ߳С
ܹôֱеŮӣȻǱˣǡáԭǸӵоյŮӣӨ
áͬзǷĸȾ롶ұĸȾһĸȾִţֱģûǳѾõ
ÿһ׸裬˶оޱȵĿ顣ʱ˿ֳ̣׸裬˵ĸоˣЩֱе
ǿԷģ֮԰ӨеŮ񣬳֮⣬Ϊһ׸裬һֱĵϣ֮衣
ȻջҪռ󲿷ֵԭ

κ࿴̨ϵӨԶԶĿһߵ飬ипǧ侹Ȼ˾ɫŮӣ˭ܹȢΪޣԵɷˣ
пֱֿ֮࣬һֱСһӨѾȺһղܣǿһղӨ֮µŮӣȺһķӦֱֻ»Ҫ
뵽κ۾ą̇̄ϵӨѾһֱͨϰߣӦò׽һЩֳڵĻ档
Ȼˣôٺ٣
κæԱߵֱԱһֱԱͷѾͷ׼Ⱥ֮е顣



ʮ ˭
ֱ̨еĳ棬̨ϵӨѾǳϤҲѾϰˡ
Щеж𾢣Ҳգϣ̨µÿһˣֻǴϲĸϲĸ衣
ûа취⸱գѾעķ˿ǲܺգӡ
̨µ˻ӻ֣һЦòһЦȴͬһ京ŵ䣬˲ţ̨µڶѪڡ
ȻҲֱһͬø
˵ҸӨӨһÿȺУͻȻʵ
ͻһƺûе⣬ûκԥֱ˵ӿ͹ȷʵ˵˭ƯҽǶȿȻĶ
ŤͷͻȻȻһЦ˵Ųţ
ʱκֱŶӵֱͷҲǡö׼飬ҾͷñȽϽȻ鰤̫ȻҲ˾ͷ֮С
ֻٺһЦ˵϶˵㲻ţʵŵġ
һۣŤͷȥ˵
ֱͷͣ10ҵʱƿ10ӻЧҲȷʵûκʧֱֱ֮𱬵ĳ棬Ȼٴ
ۣոھͷ￴ʲôû˭ܹߵǲģ
ϾȻŮͬɫŮӣֱš
ҾȻŮݳֳԵũׯʲôط
ۿֻע⵽˾ɫŮӣѵûпɫŮԱߵǸ𣿡
ϻȻˡе˭ΪʲôվھɫŮӵԱߣ
˻˵ɫŮӻڶЦǾǵЦ
ûҸߣû˧ΪʲôվھɫŮӵԱߣ粻ƽ
ҵһŮһصľɫŮӣȻͬʱһطֳЩ۸
Ȼ˵ҺȥֳˣһҪȷԼ϶˵һΣúѽ


ֳ̨һȻ֪ڱֱڶĽʺޡȷʵﰵңԵũׯֳľ̫ȷˡ
Щվߵˣһ̨ϵӨһ͵һ飬ֻûҸ
ȻĽʺ޵Ŀ⣬Ѿ֪ɱٴˣ͵ֲѡ

õʱǶݵģȻֳٲᣬӨڻǰѸ꣬Ȼ󻺻˳
ŮˣֳοȻδҲˡȻֻмӵʱ䣬Ů֮ѾȾˡ
ŮˣֱһͬδԸǣֱͷٴҵոλصľɫŮӡ
ڣҲֻλصľɫŮӣܸƽĵʧ䡣ңǻΣֻ־ɫŮһ˾͹ˣԱߵӾͲҪɷ羰ˡ
Ҳο޵ֳĵϽѾͷλɫŮӣЩеûĵĻ档
ϧֱͷʼûٴγ־ɫŮӵӰ
⵼ʲôˮƽôһ㲻ǵء
ǣҪԵũׯׯǵǾͷԳŮ񣬾λɫŮӡ
ԶԣҲֻׯǡϧׯǵ
ˣԵũׯׯҲδ̫͵˰ɣûм¶氡
ǰʥԵũׯôׯȴ¶棬ȷʵ͵ⲻҪֻׯǾС


ֳ̨
Ůġáˣôʲôأ
˻ع֮ڿʼ˼⡣ԱûݳֽǾ֤ݳ
Ӧʲôأ໥˽۷׷ס
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ǰעһ׸ɡ
ֱֻĹڣֳˡ۹ȥ۹۲Ȼ
ЩԺʱ򣬴̨߳һӰӰߵò죬Щǡ
ֳԼֱйڵĿ⣬ʱǫ̈̄ǸǵӰ֮ϡ
ھ˵һİס
ѵֳĹԱֻǿȽţƺЩ󷽱㡣ʱʲôǴʱ˵
ȻǵӰһֿʼȺо˼˫ֽգ꣬ڳˣˡ
سǼҷϰ㣬ԼԱСƽ
Сƽ֮Ⱥ½ϳꡣڲҹưֳˣҲ˲١
꣬Ȼꡣ֪ˣ֪ˣ֪һ׸ʲôˣȺмͬʱе
ꣿ˭Ϊʲô˼ֵȷǺһ˼ӡ



ʮ ش֣
ũׯֳ̨
һЩ½ϳ֪꣬һ׸ʲôˡＤͬʱְֲ֮󣬾ҲûϢûлزҹ죬ҲûȥسǵưɡҶڲ²⣬Ͽһγˡ׷׸е޵ϧΪҲΪһ׸û뵽￴꣬ѵũׯʲôϵɣ
Щ⣬벻ҲͲˡҲûйϵֻҪ裬ֻҪǻٴ׸Ϳˡ
ϳЩУҲ˶ġ
Ⱥһ30ӣҲڵһʱϳꡣһԾЩ⣬ȴһϲľϲΪܹٴ׸衣ǡ
ֻĵߵȺϣóֻһ绰ϡǿ磬ϢˡԶԣ׼衭ԶԣʥԵũׯ
λѣ鷳һ£˭ǺͦġҲǳ𣿿ŷǳİȺһߵһʵ
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ҵδΡ˵֪Ϻܻ𡣲ȴֻ֣֪һ׸ȴû׸裬֪Ϊʲôô𣿡
ߵ˼Цֻ˺١ңпϾͻˡ
Ͼͻʲô˼˼Ļ֮ͻȻӦѵ˼ǣ׸̨ϵǸ˳ģŶˡֲܾáꡯϱȽ˵ǣҵδΡһ˳ģԭΪʲô
ߵ˵ҾͲˡسǵˣԭصĲҹưɳ衣ҲԶܳҲǲܡ
ӵͷ׸һưɸ֣һưﳪġȻģǸưɾسǡ϶ڲ²⣬׸пʦƷô˵ʦأʦôһСسʲô
ӷһˣһˣΪʲôôأ
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죬һ׸Ҫҿصɴˡ뵽κæߵֱԱ˵죬ϸ̨ϵһд

ոӨԵũׯϢѾϴԽԽ˱ֱ䡣
̳ӡ
Եũׯֱ侪ؾɫŮӣվŮӨ֮¡
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ɧžɫŮӣǳԵũׯȾɫŮӡ

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ǣҲҪļ
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ͻȻ۾ϳ˭
۹֪ˣ֪һʲôˡ
ٺ٣Ҳ֪ˡֻǣΪʲôԵũׯأ
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ȵȣҺһʲôҪ飬ұáټ϶ڽ׸߲²⣬ҵĸ죡
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ûмǡҵδΡ֪ɣ
ǵ˼ǣһ׸ǡҵδΡļٵģ
ǲĴǾ֪ˡ˵ص㲻ǽԵũׯֳĸȻȫʦƷȻҵδΡǲʦƷڻȷӦôˣҲûӰƾһܻ硣̫˳ԾˣѵԵũׯׯʦĹϵܲһ㣿



ʮ ҿصɴ
ֱڲ²⣬ԵũׯׯʦĹϵǲǺܲһ㣿
Ҳֻǲ²ѣʦԵũׯׯ̫غ͵͵Щҵ˿
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Ͼһصĺ裬Ѿ˴10θˡ
10ϵþַҪҵ׸˿ȴʼղԸ
ȻԽҵȤԽŨһ׸Ĳݵ˼
ΪԽصĶҵĺԽŨԵʰɡ
ôڣ׸Ҫҿصɴ
Ѿ׼ĿԴ

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ʵĿʼһЩţǼһڲҹưݳʱйġ
̨󷽵Ϣ鵭ЦƺһЩţ
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ڨڨһЦ˵ҲԣҲԡԭһ£һγáʱţ
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̨ϵԼ״̬һ˵ҵδΡ׸ңϣϲлл
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ͻȻҪ裬׻ġҵδΡһʱЩӦ
ܵ˷ӦǰѾﴫ
ףϤֺİǰ࣬ٴˡ׸˾ϲĪ
ûǡҵδΡ𣿡
Ƕ룬ĸ߿ɾѾ˳
ǲ̫µͷ
źˮĬĬع
ǲҾĮ
ҲԼҪ


ֱ
ǡҵδΡ𣿹Ȼ֮
֪Ϊʲô˵ҵδΡʦƷˣ˺ĸǱʦƷ
׸ˡǰֻǾưɸ֣⳪ǳ
ҷʦƷǳиȾסҵδΡͬˡ
ǵȻҪȻʦΪλᱻΪִʦ


ĳֹ˾
磬磬Ϣˡּе˵Щ
ꣿ˭軪΢΢һ㶣ϾͷӦʵ˵ҵδΡǸꣿ
ţڳ׸ˣ˵
10ǰ軪취Ϣþ˸ְ취ȴʼմκεϢԼסҵδΡͬһƳҲûгֹ
Ѿˣȴ룬ҳʱ򣬿һ˵ֱġԵũׯֱ䡱йڡҵδΡϢ
ԭû⣬ԵũׯҲ˵ֻΪ롶ҵδΡʲôϵ
òײйڡҵδΡϢҲŹֱȥһ£Ҳ˶ʱ䡣
һȥֱȻһ̨ϳĻ档
ѵӾꣿһæץԱߵĶڶϣҪһеӳĸô
һ֮£Ȼ󾪣˲üȻֻ䣬Ȼû׸衣ǳ϶һһ״˵еġҵδΡ
֮£˿ʼ軪һĻ
軪ȷϣҲһϲ첽˹ȥӹֵݹĶ
Ű֮ƺƵеѾ˵һ軪ŸпʦƷһĶˮ׼꣬ҪӨ֮󣬵һĸˡ
׸ʦƷ𣿡ʵ
軪϶ĵͷԴˣǶ˶
˼ļ裬Ϣ˵׸֮ǰ顢Ө˻ֱݳݳĸǡұ롶áּһףȫʦƷѵʦԵũׯʲôϵ
軪΢΢һʵ顢ӨҲֳ
ִϢӦôˡ
軪˼ĵͷ˵˶ֳ֮ǰȴûκһ־õϢԵũׯˣǺʦһĵ͵֮ʲôϵҲһ
ʲôϵأ
һʱ䣬軪ˣ˼⡣


ʮ һ
һҵδΡȻڻûйٷ˵׸ʦƷ
ƺûлɣⲻʦƷ
ټ֮ǰӨݳĸòٵ˶һ⣬ǾʦԵũׯׯӦĳֹϵ
ʲôϵÿ˵жŲͬĲ²⡣˵ݣ˵ͬѧ˵ʦֵܣ˴󵨵Ĳ²ֵܡ
û˲²ʵͬһˡ
ȻҲ²⡣ֻԼͰԼˣô

Եũׯֳ̨
̨껹ڼݳֱֳԽԽĹڣڼǺʱ̡
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ǺһЦ˵һ˳Ȼͺãǲ¾ǲȥˡҶϲ硣ʵδؾôˣ֮ĹϵȤ
ͷͨѵȷЩֹ˾Լĸ֣ĺܸȤ
˳Ȼɣǲ²ǵģҼũׯյ㣬á
һۣ˵ú˵ˣӨӨȥˡٲȥӹƶҪˡ
۾һæǺðһȥ
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һ̨Ϣȥ
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ȻˣֻҪȥ
ƲƲ죬ЩεĿ˿ΧЩֻĿ⣬ֹˣǶҵĿˣǵһøǼƽϡ

ʱصġҵδΡֱϢӣԽԽϲĽ뵽ֱ䡣
ʹֱĹﵽ֮ǰû˸֣8000
һµ֣
κѾ˼ʲôоQDܲĸ߲㣬ҲѾȫ⽫QDʷϵҪһʡ
Щֱأ޵ĺ֮⣬ֻܾĿţQDֱͬʱߵĹ¼ϵߣߵһ˾֡
ֳ̨
κڼ֮Ҳũׯׯᣬ׺ʦʲôĹϵأ˵һϵûУȻǲܵġǷǷ֮˰
ףԣκƺͻȻʲô͵һ
ͻȻʲô
˼ǰԵũׯׯֱȨʱũׯׯҽܣ˵ֽ֣

ޣѵľʦ
κһͬСɣֱ֮ǰܵмҪҵöࡣ
ⲻܰʦôأ
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ȻֱȥʸվûȥΪȻǺܲòģǲͬһˣֱȥʶ̫ʡ

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ʱ̨ϵ꣬ѾˡҵδΡһʡ
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Ӧû˰ɡ˵ǰ׸ɶʦƷٳĸ裬δ̫Ӧûˡ
˵᲻ỹʦƷ
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ҵȻ֪ʦֻƷˣҵ˼˵ʦ¸衣
淢ˣʦ¸裬ҲһũׯĿҵ׳Ȼũׯ͸档
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ֱֻۣԶֳҪҵ̫ࡣϾֱĹֳǧ
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ǣĸȻʦƷǲܵģҶ֪ʦֻƷ
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ʲô
еȫ鲻Խķһ


ʮ 
ʲô
ֳˣֱĹڣȫһʱû˵ͱֳ˵ľˡ
ûа취ʵ̫Ծˡ
ұѾ˸ݳֽ׼ȴͻȻôһ䣬˵ġ
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ȻˣʦԼũׯҵϣ¸ҲǺ
ͨ˽֮ȫԳһЦԼ˿ɶ˵Ͻˣôһһէģ
ֻʦƷӰ̫һΣֻҪһ籩ˡ
Գ֮󣬺ɡ˷ũׯʦƷһ֮ϲ
ǵûһĸʦƷô죿

ɵ˲룬Ϊ֪Եũׯׯʦ
˿ɲ֪ڳԾֶ֮ĸʦƷɣ
һ룬ҲôԾˡ
ֻоԼ飬ͬɽһᣬһһէһһµģôôأ
̨ϵʱҲܴ㵣֪֮ǰе뷨ֻɻ󣬡Ҳ˵Ҫٳһ׸𣿴ҵķӦôôȻһ׸ͬǳ䣬ⲻǻûû˵ء
ûа취ֻѡ΢һȣֳ΢Сһ֮󣬲ż˵һ¸衶󺣡͸ңϣܹϲ

̨󷽵Ϣ
ϢЩڡ
ΪԶͬɫŮ˵ʲôʱʱһ󣬴Ц
һɫŮӾѾ˲ˣһ⻹ܲ˺úõϢˣ
ɫŮ֣羰ɲһ
ؼǣɫŮӶʦϵǳʦоԵĹˣ˵ǿǲأ
Ǹ⡣
ܿգҲܡʱͻȻһ󾪺æ˵ƺʲô飬ͳȥ
˵꣬Ͻ첽߳ϢҡȻųһȳ軹۰

ĳֹ˾
⻹Ҫ磬˵⡶󺣡ʦƷ𣿡ʵ
軪ҡͷ˵ʦƷʦԵũׯĹϵֻ±ĻҪԵũׯ
軪˵꣬üͷ΢壬Ȼ˼ʲô

󺣡ĻʦƷ
ֻ軪һЩĻǣʱҲ˼⡣ͬڿֱǽֱɶһסҵδΡ
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Ȼ֮⣬һЩֹ˾ͬڹעֱԵũׯֱ䡣
֮ԹעȻΪˡʦ
ڣλصִʦԵũׯϵȻŹòײеĻᡣ

Щǡֹ˾ȣֱӼͨڣûô뷨Ŀˡ
͵ĳһ֮һ˷쳣
۹ȻҪ裬̫ˣϣʦƷ
ǶϣһǲҪֵ̫ߣôʧ̫
ǲʦƷءȻ׾֮󿪳ˡ
ţе㲻ʦƷǶȻҲǲģֵڴ
̨ϵƺЩѽû뵽ֳڵķӦôɡ
ȷ˼ֻǺܿɰֻǿϧƺѾСˡ
˵ˡһڰѸ˵ˡ󺣡ֵǱȽͨ
ţֵȷͨͿôˡ


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󺣡ǰѾﴫֳҲѸٰ׸ǲʦƷҲҪ費ǡ
ǰܼ򵥣ûʹʲôӵͨڶЩʱʲôȻ
軪ȴ۾һǰƺʦķ񰡣ٴʦеƷ
̨ϣ꿪ڳһθʡ
ңԶߣʧ㡣
ģȻ
Ҫ˵Щʲôֲ֪Ӻ˵
ֻаĵס
ĸɸ߿ɸɾ˲˵˼ңԶĴ󺣱ϡ


ʮ ø
˵˼ĸңԶĺߡ
ƺϡǹĴ󺣱ϣһѾģӰ
ӰԼˣֻѾȥˡ
ĻԽԽǿңԽԽʵ
һЩ˲ı۾Ҫѻеø
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ڶˣ̨ϵˡ׸Ѿϰ˺ܶΣֳݳʱԺлǻ᲻ͣĸֳһ˵Ӱ
ǸӰ뿪Ȼ֮޿ܡּǸӰҪԼҲٽܡ
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Ѳ
ƮԶ
ԭѾ߿ͻȻøߣһĵķй
ǴߵķйݳֵķйҲÿһ׸˵ķй
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ܹİôԸһȴеһ㶼Ѿǻʲôֵҵȴ
һоȥɡ
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ЩһֱǣΣĵףȥ˲ɲ١
ɻ𣬵ڣһеѾй
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꣬ʱ˿ֻѾĸĽѣЩײ㣬ȴǲ׵ĸǡ

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굽ʲô㣿ΪʲôõʦأҵδΡ󺣡׾䣬װܸһףжôã
ҵĳԲΪʲôܹõ˾ĸȴ׶ûУ粻ƽ
ҵĿ꣬ҲܷһҪӱŬνڣһ죬ҲܺһΪеĽ㡣
ͬˣʱ̬Ҳȫһ̬עպķչ

ֹЩײ֣һЩѾõǸ֣һߵľǸ֡
ʱֱ񣬶һ˿Ľ
һߵľǸ֣ȥĽһոմӾư߳Ĳݸ֣ȷʵЩ췽ҹ̷š
ĽʦƷ˱Ȼ򣬵һԭˡ
һ߾軪ʱЩĽ˵Ǻø
ȻҲеǸֶĽ
ǵãʦƷұ֮ǰвٵĸֶ伫Ϊ̫ׯϣҲ
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Ǵֱһ顶󺣡֮󣬲мһҲһɡ


ʮ ʱĴ
ĸĽҲãмһҲգʦƷ󺣡ǣԽԽ˵ġ
Եũׯ̨
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Ȼ۾ȥܸȥһֱ֮ģӰ
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ڶ꣬ʼһ鸱ظ
ʱֳǿҵմ֮£ֳԽԽ˿ʼź
ǵɫѣûκεĳ輼ɣһȴǸоȻҲ͸ˬ
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ոϢվһ֮˻Ҳһֱվ治ǡ

ֳǿңֱĹҲܵ˸ȾҲ鲻Խĸų˳ǵֻԼܹ
֮Ƿ֣оƺķǳ
ֳôһǸоӦøˬɡѾ֪ǽ죬ڶٴĽֳˡ

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һЦ˵ϰ岻ؿֱӽҵ֣ǡϵܡҲС
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ۣ꣡ϰǺڰͨԵ˵ʵڵģе¡
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10ǰһסҵδΡٴγڲҹư֮ȴǾܾػؾưɵ롣ôưɵϰ壬ԼôԱ棬ܾ
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ǿоʱ棬ԼԱǰ棬ǾԲԽܵġ
ԣʱͷ˺ݻ겻ٻزҹ죬ľưҲԻ첻ߡ
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Եũׯ𣿺ܺãǿһ
سǿһôһũׯ

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ȻټŮȺ֮Уһο͵˫ۣʱֱû
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Ҳпʦұʱ򣬽ֻʱ䡣Ƕźһ֮ɡ
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Եũׯ̨
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һ㱣ŮѾ˵ˡ

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Ƶʱ䳤ˣǾܹץסԼҪץסĶˡ
һܣÿһ˶С
ֳÿһˣֱǧĹˡ
ԭ쳣ķҲһžֻżм䷢ԣЩƺڹ׸費ô
ЩԻЩʦԹĸֻЩΪӨ顢̬꣬ʧĵײ
ȻȴûȥЩԣҲûȥ
Ҫȥ𣿲Ҫ
Щ׸費ôķԣڻڷ롣
ԭ볰׸裬ʱȴƺ˶Щߵĳ
ò˵һַ̡

ЩԭֱŮ񡱵һʱҲڰ衣
ǵǳȻܹڸУҵԼĶ
ǴʱҲʱŮľգʱ̨ϳˣһɫƽӹŮӣͬ䵱Ů
Ȼʱֻһ̡

̨ϣŮĸڼƺһ˿²ɣĺۼ
ҿһ۰ɣĪúؿ
ഺ޻ڲԶİˡ
ҿһ۰ɣĪúؿأ۾̨ϵܷܷӰеһ˿
һ˿ܿʧתһ˿ϣֻǣҡ
һ̣ʱ̨ϵŮԼĭĺգǣҡ
ûкյˣһ˿ϣ죬ǵĺվͻ֡
Ůͬ˫̨ۣǸǷǳĽŮӡ
һ̣ǸоƺĽ̨ϵŮˡ
ΪվҲãͨҲգǹ쳾еһҳգҪһԶİˡ
ഺ
ǣͬӵУ


ʮ ס
һ׷ˡͨԵũׯĴ̨ݵ˻Ľ䡣
ˣʱʫ续ĸ
ڣһ׸軹ڼ
̨ϣӨ촽һθʡ
˵㼣ڻĮдõĻ䡣
ƮȥƮıʼصļ
ǰֻУ˭ǻ
Цҷ׵ѽĹػ
ľʣǡ׷ˡȡഺ޻ڡľʣ޴Ϊëд
һ䣺˵㼣ڻĮдõĻ䡱ëɳĮдˡĹ¡
ڶ䣺ƮȥƮıʼؼëңñԼĵˣ
䣺ǰֻ˭ǻëӢEchoӢǡþǡ˼
ľ䣺Цҷ׵ѽĹػдëѳ飬ëǳģëЦⷲ׵ܴɷнѳѽˡ
û޴ҲûëŮʿȻȴͬŮӡ
ǿȴ޷Ӱ˵ȥнѳЦⷲȴֱ
˲֪ëȻȴܸܵһ黳׸黳
䣬˶ڷ

һѾ̨꣬ϵӨԼĳ˼ǧ
̨ܵˣоͻȻʧȥĳֶڶ
Ǵһ˿ºۼİ飬ֻϣ֣ܹʱ䡣
ֱĹͬˣ㼸䣬׸Եˡ
ڣЩ˵һּ尾ܡ
ȫ˳ֱ䣬ȴûС
ǲģҪҳ׸㣬ֻʵҲ᲻˳ȥ
˭֪ʲôԭأԼҲ֪

ĳֹ˾
׷ˣ׷ˣһ׷ˡ軪̾
֪һ׸裬Ҳؽͬұ롶áһӳֵһ̿ʼע˱ؽΪľ䡣
һµֶʦ
һֹ˾
һ̾ϢˣȷʦƷǸµˡ
һӨ׸ֻ֮ᱩǡ鳪ƬǱ߹Ѿڴףˡ
ոյӦˣ׸裬Өĸһ㣬רҲܸߡĽŶǼʡ
һĽûãǱ뾡ύʦҲΪǹ˾µĸִһ׸¡
ոյȷʦϢˣǰҲκε˿
һԵũׯ
ԻȻĳһֹ˾߲Ա
ĶԻ֡Ƭ˾ݡ
ڣʦԵũׯ˹ϵԵũׯǣ뿪Ҳʧ
ǶҵԵũׯҵԵũׯ֮Ҫܽύʦ
Ҫƾˡ
֡Ƭ˾ˣѾĦȭƣ׼

Եũׯ̨
Щ֡Ƭ˾ˣĦȭƣ̨Өڼ質
ʡںϵĸһÿһ˵Ķϡ
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һΣ˶۾Żվŵˣż΢Ļζһ壬ﻹʱʱ䡣
ȻܵʱǺܶݡ
һôġ׷ˡڴҵĲ֮
ӨһʣԼҲǳĲᣬԼͬټһ飬̫ϲ׸ˡ
綼˵˶ԼͬҲΪ
ţԣӦС̰ͼòŻдġ
ţһӵġ
Уɰ˶ֵ׸裬ǲԵ
ԺٶдһЩӨݺݡ뵽
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ӨæԼ񣬿ʼл
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ôܾأ
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ţʲô
һ£Ǻ
˹ˣ
ʵǺǸоո׸ڻڡһԾͰոƻˡ
᲻á

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ˣķȻ޼ƺڷ﷢ԣҲֳͬƻһ㡣
֪ջɢͣһǺõġ


ʮ ֳ֮
˵вᣬ׷ˡһ׸ҲѾˣֳսɢ
ʣµģֻǸոڸץĶԼеΡ
ӨӨѾͷǳԽԽˣôȴԴºۼĸ裬ôȺһлԵ˵
Ȩ̨ϻ˳ŮиǸпǧŮʵ룬ڿ̨ϣĸ衣
̨£һˡ
һжΪһˣǸŮ˹ͬĹˡ
Ѿͷĳȷǰã󲿷ֵԭΪ׸д̫ˡ˵ϵܵѧʫʴϵ츳ߣִ츳ߣȨ˵
лЦЦ˵ƺѾֹʹһˣҲ֪ϵԼҲ֪ǾΨһˡ
ȨҲЦлۿ̫ˡͬ⡣

糤СϵĴ츳ƺѧʫʷȺһ䣬κͬǸп
ʿЦһ˵ȻҪȻҲǣȦ˾ǿѰҵġʦˡ
ϾȻţ治֪Ժ󻹻ʲô˵Ʒκ˵
˭֪أ˵ֳָֻЦݣ֮󣬻йעЩˣ֪ʦԵũׯĹϵǳȻ²ⲻʦԵũׯׯũׯҡʦˣ϶١СԺ󰡣еæ
κ۾һ˵ȷˣ˭ءעҪͨæµ
˵꣬ӺǺһЦǳĲ
ȻڶѾûκεĽ٣һ뵽СԺ󣬿ܻæýͷöģ黹Ƿǳġ

ţĶ֣Ȼִ츳֮ߡ˵
ͬΨһЦ˵ִ츳ֲǽ֪˵ֻͯ棬ʸĶ֡ʫʡɢġַ棬ֻһЩƤëͬĴʦǿ°Ժ򿴵ӰҲҪ̫ȣСӸͲˡ
᰿˿ɷһЦ˵㰡ȸʲôͲЩҡʦˣҵũׯ𣿡
ЦͲɡҲãҲգڴյĹСӻĽ
ֵ㻹˵ӻһͻϲϣֲ֣ǻסء
Ҳϲǻ򵥣Ժ󰡣ҲסҲгڳĶСԺ
Ϊ⶯ֻǶʱڣǿ϶ǲܻסġ

ͷӣ׸һ²ɣĺۼ棬͵ˣдࡣᣬδģϼʵһ˿⡣
֣ʱҲһидģϰʻЦЦ˵˵ִѧЩʱͬģȻܴôྭʫʣд׸Ҳʲôֵ飬ֻȷˡ
˵Сص飬ͲҪȥЩȥֻͽհˡͱڴſڵһһѾΪҿеġ׻ˣ˭õ˵
˵öԣСȥڰɣǶڳһЩڡй١ŹҲ
֣ࡢϼ޶һۣЩεҡҡͷ

磡
ȺУûĴһ磬ӣֹôокܶ˵أ
ȥ̨ϢӨˣЩ
СѾͷҲ֪ȥˣŮڣСŮҲǺõ
ϧСŮҲڣЩƣ׷ˡôĸ裬ѾͷҲ֪һ
ֳвŮȻԶԶȲ顢ӨɣҲһķ羰ǡ
¶ģܹҵЩİο

Ө˳ˣԵũׯ췽ƺҲøոյձֵĸãûһ׸迪ʼ
ȵӨ˳һֳ֮һЩ˽֮
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ǰƺоڶߣûʧ
˭˵أӨáȻҪдʵ̫ˡ
УʦƷܲãӦǵһֳ׸˰ɣ̫ˡ
ľ̫ˣ⾪ϲҲ̫ˡ

ѵãֳڶ˵׸豾ֻӨˣûиӨϡŮ񡱵Ĺ⻷

ֳˣֱҲࡣ
ڳôʱ֮ûԾ
ͬѵõǣַûСŮŮ񡱵ֱ֮
٣
ˣЩ᲻á
ǰˣӨѾ˳ˡ
ƺһ֣һáʱĸо
ҲУЩһ
ȻЩһˣ׷ȫͬĸ
ʦһչʾˣʲô֡
ӨҲǺãоǰҪá
ϣǿ㷢Һõһʱȥء֮ǰ׸裬ҲҪһʱȥء
ţǴҶϣ



ʮ 
Եũׯֳ̨
ʱһһĹȥ֮ܵҲԽԽѾ֮ǰ˽ˡ
֮ǰҲɢ
׸ֻһ飬ѾҵһЩԼԼĶԺ֮ǻҵԼĶ
Ժˡ
ڣһ飬Ǿǽƺһ׸衣
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ֻһˣѾ㡣ȷе˵Ѿˡ
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ڣѾ׼
ֳĹǣҲŬ׼
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ǰӽ³֮󣬿롮׻ĵһۿʼҾһֱһֲʵĸо
Ǻǣҵĸоడһĵط
Уǽǵһɡط棬ũׯׯ档ׯǿܻʶǳᣬǰϰ塯ڽׯָǿ
ǣ˼ׯ棬Ȼʦ¸ڽ죬׳һס
ǰҪׯ̫ˣҶҪʦˣֶ
ˣׯ׽ʲô֣û֪
ǰϰ塯ڽׯ治֪֡ȥҸشһ¡

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û취ڵĶ̫ء
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һ˳Ȼͺá
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ʦô᣿ֱǿЦֻͬͬհˡ
԰ץʱ俴һֳЩķ羰Ǳʲôá

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ټ
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Ӧöаɣ˭֪ء
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¥ϲҪôһʦãٳһءԲԣ
˵Ĺƾ¥ˡ
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Եũׯ̨
߳Ϣңһ
ٽϳͻȻһֵһڡɴ桷ֳұʱĸо
˷ܡţֻûеʱôǿҰˡ
ʦΪдĵڶ׸һֻͬһۣͼ÷ĸ
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ڵõ׸裬ͬĪ
Ϊ׸ΪΪ׸ͬΪһϲʷ
һһΪ֮̾ϢıӢۡ
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ʦ֪֮Ѿ֪αĸм
ֻ﷢ģһҪõ״̬Ŭ׸質á
ŲṼʦڴ
ԣеһЩţҲһЩһݳұʱһ
ʱЩΣ֮ǰ˵˼šֵϳˣԼҲһ
ң˰裬һȺݺݺŮɸ˽š
ûа취ֻһ
˼飬̨̤˵֮С

飬ϳˡ
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Ȼɣ⻶֮ǰӨʱĻЩһûа취˭һүǶأͲܸ˼Ů
ȥܻ飬һȻ첽ߵ̨롣
ͬǳ̨һȻ˷ŵߣΪҴһ¸裬ܴҲѾµˣ׸ǽһ׸衣׸͸ֳÿһλѣҲ͸ֱÿһλѣ׸𼧡
𼧡
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ֻһ˲˺ëһһǰδео͵ӿ֡


ʮ ĸд
𼧣
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ĳֹ˾
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־͸ˣ軪Ѿкüˣټ軪˵ĸп
軪ոյĻ̲֮סʵ磬ָдΪʲôֻʦҴ
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Ȼָдһʦס𼧡ö⣬ǲ
ֺЩΪʦġ
⵹Ϊʦķ˿Ϊ軪
ó軪Ȼǳʦʦƣ軪鶨Ȼá
軪Ȼֵ˼ЦЦ˵ڡұĸ֮ʱ˶Ϊ׸ΪЦʵأԣΪʦġҹЩ𼧡ĸ֮жȻǳϲΪڴ׸裬ΪʦһпܰѸдңΪһЦ
ͷҲ֪ͷǲʦģΪʦпܰѸдҡ

軪еЩˣǱˣϴЩڿұĸΪʦ׸ΪһЦĸ֡
軪Ĳ²ҲûдЩ鱨ĸ֮󣬵ȷǳľϲԭҲ軪˵һ
ŷɾЩ֮һ
ŷɣǸ֣ȻȲЩһߵľǸ֣ĸ֣ԶǰĸҪöࡣ
ԣŷɻǺܷǳԵõġû¾ϲЩߡߡ˸֣ײĸ¶̾ҪǰһǶôļѡ
öŷһԽУϲĸо
ڼ֮ǰһײŮ֣Ȼƾһ׸裬ֱӾͳ嵽ǵλϡ
֮ĽٶȣöŷǳĲˬ
ЩײĸӦþٲά裬ķʮʱ䣬þԼõһưɫʲôġģһһ˸֣Ǹ֡
ӲŶķչ켣
һӳô죬ܲ˼Խˣ
ȻʵҲȷʵͶŷΪ켣ࡣ
ǣһһɳĸ
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һ׸裬Ȼǡáˡ
ŷɲӨˬԡáˬ׸ͬˬ
ֵǣʲôûȻƾ衶áΪʦΪ֡Ƭ˾ֶύġʦ
ˬˬŷĲˬ


ʮ 
ˬĶŷɣڲ֮˵ʲôʦҪ¸ˡ
һνҪݳ¸ˣȻһײĸ֣ŷȻˬˡ
ˣ¸ע
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ʲôʱ򣬾øô׾ʹˣ
ҪſЦأȻע¸ĸԺ󣬸öŷɾһοЦˡ
ұʲôȡ
ǣݳұ֮ǰŷɺһ־ͬϣͬǳˬĸǣʼ˶ԡұļ
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û͵֣Ϊ˶ȻѾǭ¿˼ڳˡ
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иˬģȻͬΪǸ֣Ө˵Ҳûи١
ȻȴԶԶŷɣͲһϡ
ˬˬֻҪǸйص飬ŷɶеˬ

Ȼڽ죬öŷɲˬˣȻһǾꡣ
ŷζ˳ֱ䣬۲ΪԽԽѻԽԽˬ
Ȼһ˿ʣҪÿһƷҲë
ǵģţϲš
һҪȵʧǰһ̣Ȼ⼸ʱйصֲˬ޴й
򲻸ˣڣŷƺڿһ˿⡣
һ˿̨ϣ鱨ĸ𼧡
Ȼֻһ˿⣬Ҳöŷ˷ܲѡݼ֮Ĺ£Ѿ2000ꡣ
ڣϲǵ˲
˾ȻΪĴ֪Ǹ˵ո˵󣬻ǳţ»
ֻǣȻᣬȷǳţѵո˵󣿡ŷðһ뷨
ŷɸϽ˻ԴЩʲô
Ӧ룬ΰ׸ˣӦǡ
˵ݼԼϲǵ˵Ǹ˵˵ǰЩƷʵģˣ
ŷɾһƺЩƷĲİɣ
ףǰôûлɹأ
ŷڿνǻûʧǿһ˿⣬֮뷨
ɼĲˬƺȷٰ
һ󻼵ûʧ֮󣬶ŷһǳҪ飬ǾǸϽֱȳ˵
Ҳԣû֪˭
òײſһ˿⣬ǰ䣬ôԵôʱغأ
ʱغװŷɶЩΪԼж
ڵʱ΢ȹϽгҪٹ۲һ¡
ϾϴεĴ˺ܴӰ
ֱ﷢Ծνˡ
ʵϣ֮ǰѾɹˣֻЩûʲô㣬ȥĻҲǲʹģԼ⡣
һβһݼʵ̫ˣöŷɸеǳҸ
ţҸ
ݼдҲ
Ӣд˭İ׸ҲڴˣԲô
׸һЩŮ鳤Ļ׬ȡҵɣҲҪϵˡ
׺ø裬ȻѾˡҸҿ϶׸Իʧ
𼧣ô𡯣Ҳһͨ裬ͨݼȡҵ򣬴ҿҪϸ˰

һЩͻȻֱȫΪ֮һ㶡
ʲôôͻȻðô๥ʦˣ
ЩȻԶŷɣԼЩ־ͬϵĸǡ
ŷΪݼʵ̫ˣд䣬оӡ
ҪǱ̫ˣòײſһ˿⣬²졣
ⱾҲûʲôֱô˷ԣǵЩԺܿͻᱻˡ
ȴ˭ֱ֪ĹԱ֪ʲôĿģȻЩȫΪö
Щһֱˣϱߣһ˺ɫ壬ǳۡ
ŷɵһ㶣ëöʲô
漴һ룬öðÿԱҶ
˵˵ֲûе
׸˵ЩԾͲǹǰϤһС
һ룬ŷɵ˵ЩмֱĹԱˡ
ֻǣڻû뵽ȻһЩҲܹµһ
軪Ȼˡ
ֱЩöԺ軪һ̾ǹȻ̲סˡ


ʮ ͻȻ
ЩԵԳֱ֮һ㶣ֶ֮һЦ
ЩӦЩʵдİɣҪôǼʦҪôǼλ֡
ûа취Ͼÿ̬һҪû˼ʣǷŲء
ʵǰ漸׸ʱ򣬾ѾһЩԵԡֻЩԲʹҲᡣ
һεĹҵ㣬ʵ˵Щ˵õȷе
׸費ʦƷֻкܶ˶ʾͬ
ȻȴûᡣֱĹԱ֪ʲôĿģö֮⡣
ЩҲûӰ쵽˵飬ûӰ쵽󲿷˵飬۵ݱ
ûа취˭ݼĹôܻӭء

Եũׯ̨
ֳͬǳңһ̸ۣ˽˵Ӣ˵ãǸ˵ݼ¡
żȻط࣬Ӧǳ˲һĹ۵㡣
ȺУµ˵ۡӵֳȸոհʱˡ
֣ࡢŹ䡢ġɡȨлʡࡢҡԪ׵鱨ĸͬ΢΢һ
Ƕǳ֪ʷݼĹȻϤ
ȡױ˽ܣô׸׳Ϊ䡣
һ㣬Ҳ˹
ͨģһЩͲһЩɣҲûж˻⡣ݼĹ£ע˶䶼ǳ⡣
һס𼧡νǻȡɹض
ʧܣҲƱػеӰ졣˵ӰӦò̫󣬵վҲӰ졣
ǲһ˿ǡ⵹ǲĽǲЩ̹ͨ
ʡκ󶫡ȣйڵ˶ˡ
Աǻֳƿ졣ҲԸ⿴ġ

ֱֳĹڣͬ˼Ƕûʱȥ˼ˡ
Ϊֳ̨Ѿ˶
ֳ豸˸ǰࡣ
ոտʼǰЩ滺żĹϴſеĳԼ಻ϡ
һʷеĲɣ֮УźءϢ˲˵Ķϡ
ܵʷϢеˣԾ¶һ˿صɫ
ֻ10ǰ֣࣬ࡢŹ䡢ġȨеһ˿ǣɢ˲١
ȻҲŷɵȸͷһһֲõԤС
ǰɣֻһǰ࣬ôĸоһǴŷɵæס
Ȼֳǰ໹ڼ
10֮󣬹Ƶʼӿ죬áĺʷϢиӺء
ʱ10ŵɫˮ£سŮӣϸС̨֮ϡ
10Ůһĵɫˮ£һسһķ羰ͻȻ̨֮ϣе˾ǰ
ҪǰִʷĺϢֳҪгˡ
Ȼûдгһð⣬һ˿ȡ
ȻֱȺҲòȥ
һķ羰
Ȼиķ羰ں档
10Ů֮һͬˮµŮҲ̨ϡ
ŮӵˮɫҲӻ
Ůһ̨ϣ㿪ʼ衣ˮȹӫ裬鶯ǳЦ
һЦʱ˿óˡ
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ŮսΣȣȻ֮顢Өв磬Ҳһѵõˡ
ټŮˮ£裬Ѽżֳѩļ˵һ˵ã
ֳһӲˣֱһȺҲˡ
ȻûֱУȵУųȴǲΡ
ðǡˡ⻹治һǴʱͬ
̨ϵ10Ůӣȴ֪һȺе뷨
˿̨̣裬ˡ
ǰͬڼ50ʱ򣬶ġáɵĺͻȻ˲١
һĻǱ䵭˲١
ŽͻȻĺѾһװ飬Ҳ̨ϡ
һЯʽ˷磬ԭ˷磬ʱȴһȪ
鱾һ彡ӸѪжټһװֳȪ
˵Ӣˬ

е۾ǴȲܴĸô͹ǰࡢŮݼ𣬾Ѿ˴񫡣
軹ûг˸оѾҪȼһ㡣
ڵǰһ˿أһ˿졣
̨ϣӢˣдһ˿顣
ǰ120ʱ̨ϵӢͻȻֱֳ񷡣
Ӣ۵Ĳ󷽣10ŮĻУԭתɴȹ乲裬ֲɷ
ˣҪˣ
˴ʱֻоƺһֶҪ١
ʲô˵ֻһǿҵԤС
ǰ֣֪ԤС
ֱ̨ϵӢڳһʡ
վڣңҷУ
޲ܣ
ʹ
䣡һһֻѾõĿУͻȻ˵б



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䣡
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ңƻ쳣ңҵֻоȫȼһ㡣
һж̫ͻȻüΪѾ׼ˣЩֲ
ֻһθʣǵһʣ˵İ֮£У˭İ
֮УŲı顣
ĺ磬ҲʱӢеıʹ
һλأ°ӢһҲᱯʹֻΪһֱң裬Ҳ벻ݼ
һθʣ10֣ϵس̨һװѪжˡ
еһ̣һλ߳ƵĴУİ˶ʱ뱯顣
أҪΪİ˶һ֧裬һ֧衣
һУʵиȾòٵ鲻Խսȭͷ
ոտЩΪǵ˵һ˿ǣʧӰ٣СӹȻΪ֮ǡ
֮෴ŷɵȸִʱȴζӳ¡鿪ڵһ̣Ǿ֪һֱžžˡ
Щȫģû֪дġ
ЩڿȥЩۣʱڳһ㡣
û֪

ڣڰܾ֡
ڹԪǰ202꣬Χ£ҹ裬ȥ
ݼӪþƱ裺ɽʱţκΣΣ
Ҳǧ򶯹˵ġ¸衷
ǣɰɽɸϧʱ˲ãҲѱۡѲٱۣǻʲô취£ȥݼѽݼѽҸΰ㣿
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ڲݼȻν裬Ը踽֮Եأķ檺
ݼһ׸豻˳֮Ϊ¸衷
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һЩصĴ˵֮УݼΪ˲ǣңһ֧֮󣬱νأ档
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ݼһ֧ÿ˵ﶼ⡣
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죬ķƶ
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䣡˵ոֻȼգôڣѾ׵ıըˡ
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һλصĴ̤ɽߣָ죬˭Ӣ۵Ļǰĸ֡
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һθʵظǽѾը˳
˶ѾУǲһѪȾ
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ȻǣӢ۵ͬжŮ鳤
θظ֮ͻ䣬תӢ۵ĸͬ顣
䣬аǧ죬
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Ĵʱ·˭ͬ
꣬Ҵ͡
Ѫͬ顣Ѫж飬Ϊ֮ݡ
аǧ죬ȴݼһˡ
һ̣Ǹֱֳ˭Ӣ۵Ѫжֻһ޵ͨӡ
ˣҲڴʱĸ֮УܵӢе顣
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ΪӢۣҲΪˡ
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ȻԽǸԼȴԽԽšԽţԽиԼ
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ǲһҲпܲһ¡Ͼ˵ֻˣҪôƤҪô⡣һ֣ƶᵱһ¶
ղݣ¥˵еͬ
ͬ+1


ЩԣŷǸոֻײǽһȴѾѪˡ

ĳֹ˾
ֵʱȻ֮УЩſڽ˵磬⣬׸ҲҲ̫˰ɡ
ѾҲʲôݴʣ׸ˡ˰죬Ҳֻ˵ˡ̫á֡
ҪΪ̫ˣ𾪵ѾЩˡ
֮ǰЩΪ˼ʦģ룬֮ǰĵĸǿЦ
軪ͬ𾪣֮ǰţʦһôʧҲû뵽ʦس
Ԥ֮еģҪõöࡣ
εҡҡͷֻ̾ϧʼԵһ

һֹ˾
һô
һЦôֲǵһˡ
ոյ̾߰ɣĿĵԵũׯҹ˿϶٣ξͿԵıºͻԵɡ
һ߰ɡ˵ʵڵģⲻһ˿ĵó̡
ոյҲɣ˭֪أ

ĳסԢ
򣬡𼧡𣿡Ⱥڴ绰
˵أһ˸еɥһλˣϦ
ȺǺһЦǲѾϰôûȤȥһԵũׯ
Եũׯ𣿽֮ƻ֡ɣǾȥһˡ˵߲ˡˮʮζȥЩǲġϦ
ȺЦԸһС

Եũׯ̨
𼧡֮һԱ̨˵Һãĸݳھ͵1㣬ǾʼҿȥǵԵСòͣڻ˵õȯѣÿʹáллңټ
òֳͣԱ˵òͣͻȻڶѾ12ˣȷǸòˡ



ʮһ оϲ
ԵСĿǰʥ干ңֲڲͬĵط
ԵСӪҵڣ12㣬ԵСѾ׼
ֻĿǰĲƷЩ⣬ֻ׷زˡ
ԭ׼һЩƷֻĻһЩʳľͱҪȥɹ
ΪĿǰũׯʱֻ߲ˡ
ĻΥģʳȫũׯĳԡ
ټĿǰҲԾֻ׷زˡ
ز˵ʳȻȫũׯ׷õĴ׵ͨĴסҲûа취飬ֻܲ˲ɡ
ʹͨҲֻʱġѾڿռ￪һũרֲˮ
ڿռʹÿռֲ֮Ҳ£ҺæҲ̡
ң̳ϵͳ滹һж򵥷㡣
Ժ׵ĹԼṩˣҲ㡣ѳԵũׯ԰֪Ҫٱ
ҲʹС䣬Ϊʲô̳ϵͳȴûֳɵĴ
УǲǷʡء
СĻشǣ̳ϵͳûκεĳƷʵֻӣһжԼȥֲͶ
شԶԣǳеӡ
Ȼ̳ϵͳͶ٣ҲֻԼֲˡ
ȻڿռֲôҲӡ
ַ棬ԵСĳʦʱģΪ̶ĳʱΡ
þһԼĳʦŶӣ˵ũׯʳı㹻ζʦĳպãĲζòǡ
ֻҪôʦŶȴǸ⣬Ŀռ齱ϵͳȻгշļ飬鼸νӦҲֻܳԼá
鼱ֻΪ̶ĳʦʱһ¡

̨ԱĻ֮˱㿪ʼ˵Цɢȥ
Ȼ˴ʱĿ꣬ǷֲũׯطԵС
д˵Եũׯ߲˷ǳζũׯЩ߲ˣҲȷһǳζӡ
˵Щ߲Ǽÿ߲ˡ
죬ڿԳе߲ˣеȻǳڴŲҲԾļӿࡣ
˷ǳ࣬ȥˣҪϺܳһʱĶӲС
ȥ̨ϢҽӨȥԷǵȥţùܡ
ɫڣĻܵء
Ȩлɡ࣬ʵˣȻҲͬȥԵС

ڿԳСֵĲˣҵҪǲȨ˵ô棿ֺǺǵ˵
κҲЦʵ˵һֱЩɵġô֣ǲˣζ
ʵҲЩɵģڽ֪ˡ˵

˵ũׯĲˣ˵ô𣿡ʵ
ЦӦðɣСӱͲԳ֪֮ˡ

ĳһԵС
ǵĽų̿죬ȻȵģϽռһλã󲿶ӹƺܿҪˡ
ﶨȻ֣ᷢ˵ĲǱˣǾӵˣ֡
⻹öԴϤ֪߽·ȻǻһߵӮЩءһ˵ӺͦϤġ
һ˹ˣŮӦԷޡ
ԵСϪˮȻʹ̨ñȽԶҰɫԷԵɫɲ͡
Ҳѡԭ򣬿֪·߹Ҳûл೤ʱ䡣
ԵСĺԺʽΪ㣬жΪͷװ޷ش󷽣һ׽Ȼĸо
дССҪס޵òͣ˿š
Ȼ˶࣬µʱмСԺԼСܶ԰ڷΡ
ңѾԿ԰ڷεĵطĹ滮벼á
ЩطԷоʲôףһȻо
ͷ죬Χﻨ㣬Ŀ
죬ЩطȻȫΡ
ʵҲ֤ЩطȻȲܻӭ
һһ۾ͿˣСַһطңԶϪˮԵĺõط
Ҷ˼£ڿԳĲˣЩȲˡкż¡
紫Ի϶ʵĲζӦǲȻϴôšô˵Ҳֻǲ˶ֵòҪ̫ߣʧЦ˵
ûôţ֪ˡôû˹кأֵ
ûкҲͰˣôⶼԼλˣûأ
ףԿҿдʲôһŮϵԿװĹ˿ѣãڽֲԽûзԱкǣе̨ˡɵĲ䣬½⣡
һӪҵӣĺ
ֿЦһ˵ׯҵǴڲͬоϲ



ʮ ϲϿ
ּ˺ܡϲԵСͬв˸ܵһľϲ
ûа취˭ֲء
ġϲ֮־ƺʮĿô࣬˼Ҳȷк
ҪǣԵũׯҵڲͬоϲ˼Ҳȷʸ
ûк㣬Եòأһ֮²ˣֱˡ
ͶˣûռλõˣͲء
ʵ˻С
̨һԵСмڿԿݺֱӽԿһӣˡ
ù˿Լȥ̨ˣǶԹ˿͵Ĳ֪˿ϵϵ۵
ԸŶӣҲֲع˿͵ĵطԷ
Ȼ˿϶Ǽġ˶һЦöλռţ̨ȥ
ִʱҲͬڷ̨
ﻹֻһˣŷ̨ϷļĿһһ㶵ġ
еĲƷȫزˣҼ۸񻹲ˣҪ384858ּ۸񡣼۸񵹻ãȻеС󣬵ҲȫԽܡ
ؼΪʲôֻزأ
ɻʷ̨ӵֻز𣿡
òЦЦĿǰֻزˣԺ½Ʒġ
ΪʲôأΪֲ𣿡ʵӦþԭˣز˳
ӼⲻҪԭҪΪǵʹõʳģȫũׯũׯֻ߲ˡ
ԭˡֵͷҲûʡز˾ز˰ɣһٷѡ
漴6ݲˣ268Ԫ6ݲ268Ԫǲֻȫز˵Ļƺе
֮һοЦȻ˳ˣҪԼˡ
ָɴڴ˵ȺˣزҲ죬Ҳͼʱ䡣
ʱ½˸ϵԽԽ࣬ܿͽеλöռˡ
ԭСͻȻʶʶ໥кһԼĸҵ¶ǳߡ
ԿʱҲ΢΢һ㶣漴Цǰ̨ȥ
ԭֻһ˵ķ̨˲˳ָոյ˵ʱ䲻3ӡ
ְͬʱҲңҿʶý·ȻڷǵŶӲɡ
ʱֵĲҲѾȫá
õĲˣŶӵȫ۾Ȼȫزˣ༫ѣһʳ
ƺ֮ЩǼƵĲˣӿɿζ
٣ȥ
ԭûиоˣڿЩ֮ȴͻȻһּꤵĸо
Ȼͬˣȱ˵ǣϾͿԳЩʳĲˡ
ǣĽĿУϲһ̣6ݲ6׷ֱԼλȥ
׷ǲҪǮԡ̨˵ֻʱģԺ׷ҲҪǮġ
ߺŶ˵˲ȫתƵЩ
ոЩ˿ŷǳζѵЩģ
ζǲ֪ô
ԭֻزЩ飬ڿ˼ҵֻز˵ʸ񰡣
ҪΪʲô˵ﴦ𴦲ͬء

ٶȺܿֶ̻ѴЦ
̷ֽŵϣȫ۾Ůӣ鲻Խ˵Щ˺ƯźԣȴЩ᲻óԡ
Ҳ˵࣬ҵЩϵĴˡǲ֪ζôȳ
˵Ӿһȥ⼴ǳ֮ҲȻͬɫһ㣬̫ˡ
ҲûпҲһ̻ƹϼȥ
ŮͬʱƲƲ죬Щզһ㲻أôÿĲ˵Ծͳˡ
ðɣٺÿҲֻһ̲ˣվԵĶġ
ңЩ˿ŵȷˡ
ǣŮҲӸԼһ˷Žһҧپ㣬۾Ǿϲ벻˼顣
˵ȷǲˣζҲֲ˵ζǣȴǳζѾáóԡݡ
ǴûԵҲû뵽Щز˵ζһּµζ
ֻ˵ζӦЩ߲ζ100%ζ֮ǰԵЩ߲ˣֻζ5%ֻ10%100%Զ
˵ҲҲҲǿռ̳ӻ磬ֳЩжζЩ˱Ӧζ
ֻЩӡֳĲˣֻӵֱζ5%ֻ10%ˡ
ÿռȪˮȥЩ߲ͨҲһĵȪˮ߲˱ζˣȪˮЩ߲˵ζﵽ˱ζ100%
˵ֻһʵǾũׯ߲ˣ߲Ҫζ̫̫ࡣ
һھͲ͵ʳ;ϲӵϣԼ̻ʵ̬Ͼܹó
ϵѾɸɾƺˮϴһ㡣
ŮӿƺѾϴӣɫ΢΢Щ죬֪ΪʲôԵôɾ
ո̲ǲȫزˣôûгԵⰡѺȻ˵
ַ˷ۣ˵ⶼˣŷ֣
һЦ˵ȥһĲˡⲻ˵ոյĲ˲ðֻ볢һ⣬ǲҲĺó԰ٱ
εֻزˡ
ֻزˣһ㶣ΪʲôͻȻԱ˵Բ𣬴һ¡ǸյʵЩ棬һ£ϲϿΪʲôǵϻôɾĿӣ



ʮ ǲ˻Ʒ
ǵΪʲôôɾĿӣ
ʵһ㶣Ӧ֮ŮӶʱߺæͷ£ùЯ淭ƺʲô
ȿȣֿһ˵ǸոճԹģֻҸոȥϴһ£Ҫ͵̨ȥǸ֪ˡ˲ЩԼԶ֣ûзԱġⲻ˻ø˼Ұûȥء
ԭˣлл֮ˡòĵлĴѰλȥˡ
ߺָϽӺһ̨ȥҪһƵ⣬ĸˡ
һ߻һֹζ̫ãҲȫǺ°
ȥ̨·ϣ·ķʱòôˡ
ΪЩѾͬɸɾǵӲಮ١

ڣеԵСֵһͬε˻в١ȻûȥǣΪʲôôɾϡ
ԿɸоһЩλõˣ·ǵķʱŵһ˿ɻ󡢺ЦȻбӡ
ǲòһϽӵһ̨ȥ
һг극˶ڵһʱѡ뿪ûλϼΪЩûλõˣԼ˲ٵĵȴʱ䡣
극˴ԵС϶ǰͬһĿĵأǾũׯЩ߲˻ء
ոЩζ飬ȥϸ۲һЩڵĲˡ
ܲЩϿЩʲôŵ
Ȼ֮ǰҲǸʱ򲢲֪Щ˻ζҲֻĿ˿ûô⡣
ڱϸ۲С
Ȼȥص·ϣ֮ⲻ֮
紫ԹȻŰʲôԵũׯ߲˺ζǷǳζҲκݴݵζ
Ŷˡ˵᲻Щʦĳպܸߣ˵ıʵҲͱͨĺһ㣿
ֿܵУȻЩǼƵĲҲԹ֮ոյЩˣԶԶġ
ǲ󣬶ǻûСӴһҾ͸оũׯﴦ͸¶档ڳЩζҵþȡֻǷǳ棬Щ˵ֳģ
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ũׯĸֲ߲ڶѾΧ˲ٵο͡
߲˵7Ҫǻƹϡ˿ϡϵҪ߲ܵˡ
ѽֲЩ˳ôÿԭ˵ı˺ÿ
ȷҶ̵ãһЩҲ̫˰ɡȵȣǰҲũ̫̫ãҪӰ쵽ģӦʵժһЩ֦֮롢ȡ߲˵ȫ飬ȻûժƫƫĹͬ飬ܸôⲻѧ
Уʲôѧġֲ˼ׯֲ˵νķϿѧֳĲˣôóô
ǵҲǣҲЩΪʲôôóԵԭɡ
ˣ̵˵ʱЩ˻ʽۣ֪۸󲻹󣿡
ҵϣ۸Ҫ̫󡣲ôóԵĲˣ۸ֻҪǹ̫׶֣Ҳһ򡣡
ⲻϻôóԵĲ˵ȻˣǮ˿ǺܶġֻҲкܶ̾ˡ
ԣ۸񲻻̫󡣡
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ݽĲ˼ƶϣһز58ԪҹЩ˵ļ۸һ20鵽50֮䲻ȡȻ˵ĲôóԵĲ۲Ҫгϵ߲˼۸ȣʵھ̫ˡ
⻰Χ˵۾һ۸ĻҲһЩȥġ

ֱӼĹڸݳڽ֮΢һЩ½Ҳнӽ1ڵֻ˴ʱӦòڵԣǳԷȥˡ
κֱŶҲڳԷǲ׼ֱԷġ
ԷҲûʲôòģʱҲҪȥԷ
Ȼκཫһڲ˳Եʱ̾͸ı⡣
ζ߲ˣֱĹ˵һ˵ʵǶԲǡ
Ҫ߹ǣԵũׯ߲˱ϴ˵ĻҪζѾ֤ˡ
ֱ豸¿СĸطȡһЩͷ
ڻԵĹǣЩͷһ֣ⲻũׯԷĵط𣿵ЩֱǸʲô˼
ʱ򣬾ͷڳԷκࡣ
κ¿ӣžͷֺǺǵ˵һ֣ΪʲôҪѳԷĳֱȥȿһЩˡ
ͷزϣһ⣬һ̿ϡ
̲κŶӻûпǹͷġ
̲һھͷȫһҵĸԹԣ̲𣿿Ҳ̫ÿ˰ɡ
ֱƷ



ʮ ֻҪ̧ͷͶ
ھͷ̲ˣ鲻ѡ
ղݣũׯĲ𣿿ȥܺó԰
ѵЩģֻʵǺ󣬵һóԷ
ȥҸոģһ˶پûšУҵóԷȥˡ
ҲԷȥˣһǰҵʳˡ

Цп۵κ࣬پ򿪵ķʽûжԡ
˶ѣզ˸أ
˶ˣֱ˭
ϽֱԱѾͷƿ»صԼϣ˻û꣬Ͻ˵ҸոҲˣЩ˵νǼѣ˿˾ֱˮҪǣζҲݴݵζϴԵĻҪó԰ٱζֻԼܣ޷ԴҲõԼһǲѾˮˣϧǳ
κ˵ָ꣬˸ոյ̲һͷ֮͹صֱŶרĵϵζ
ֱĹʲôܣոյĻż֣͹ܲôˡ
ֱͷڸ̲֮ͻȻûˣù²۲ѡ
ղݣôˣȻԲҲȥҵط
˸ո˵Ҳ̫˰ɣҷš
ҲţζŵȷӦòȻ˵ôš


κˣ߳ĳһԵС
ȨıдǿЩ˵ζԱ˵ĻҪ˵ҡҡͷΪȨıеź
κ󶫿Ц糤ȷûʲôܹ׼ȷıһֻԳ֮ᡣ
룬⵹ȷҲǣ˵֮ǰûдﹺ߲˵ģڿòչһСӵˡ
κ󶫵ֻˡ

κһࡢҡסԪͬеˣڳԹ緹֮󣬶ֶһСӰĵĲˣʲôҲܣҲͬԻ÷ˮ𡣡

12룬ԵСȻΪҲѾԹˣΧũׯĸֲ߲档
ȻҲһЩڴй䡣
ũׯĴŴɻͣµοǰ
Щڻ֪ʲôûйϵͬྫʵʱڵǡ
ڣʵʱ̼ݡ
ʱһһĹȥۿ1ѾԽԽ
һЩ𽥱ü
λѣ鷳һ£ʲôҪ𣿿ܼӣӵĳһطһݸʵ
ٺ٣ȻˣЩҪˣܲ𣿡ʵͬһӣһ߻شһ
񣿾̵˵Ŀо飿ݸʵ
ʵɻĿݸһۣ˵㲻֪֮ǰҲû˵
ݸͬɻ󣺡ôӦ˵𣿡
ʵӡһǲ֪شˣ룬˵ûˣҼ仰Ҳ˵Ȼע⿴ͶˣӦÿҪˡ
˵꣬ʵֹһ䣬̵ϲû˵ۿݵĵصѵǴطԣһطɣӦأ
ݸҲϸʣһлֹ֮ͬѵܳҲǵһˣΪʲôûأ
ݸûʵҲ
ֳҲ100ˣȻ100ˣݵ֪⼸ҲһֱйݵۣϾֻ֪
QDֱƽ̨ݵȻҲÿһ˶֪
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ֱЧֳܸۿᲢۡ

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Ȼ̵ϲûоָۿص㣬ϿȻˡ
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κʱҲһαü
ͿҪʼˣǵıݾͿҪʼˡ
Ҫֱ֪ȨʼĳԣΪЩǵıݡ
Ȼ¼ѾʲôǼʲôǾϲ
ڣ̲סٴμ



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ʥ壬Ժ⡣
ȫװӨֿ첽ĵ̰ϡ
ںֱ׷ôһ߲𣿡
һҲͷ˵Ů㣬õҺӨӨһԼһߡ
ӨͷһۣüĿЦ˵ʦСŮӲ㡣ҪǼ鲻㣬Ǿûа취
˵ɶأʲôǼ飬УʲôģҾǲ뿴ǵ㲻֪ԽԽСѣôԶҲˡ
εʼ磬ŮͬеԸûʲôϣˡ
Ҳգں棬ԶԶĿȵӰҲһķ羰ǡ

κѹסԼļԼֱͨͷ˵ǣǣ緹ּ֮ˣҽԵÿɺãǳԵ÷ǳáȻ˵ص㲻ǣһĵʱ̼֪ѾˣҲһǣʱ̣ǾԻȫµľϲ뼤ôľϲʲôʱʼʲôʽʼҲ֪Ǹžͷһڴ
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ЩҲ·̧ͷŪһһէģΪȤ
ֱĹʱҲ϶Ѿ극ˡ˶֪ǵıǴ1㿪ʼȻܴ
Ǵ˵е˰ɣںܺ棬ʲôġ񡯣ʲôġݡ
Ҳ氡ֱƽ̨֮ǰ˵Ҳ̫аˣҷǲô档
һôأ㿴ڣô˶ˡ
˵ϴβֱû˭ģ˵˵
Զԣ˵˵ǲôš
ֱ˶ûпϴεֱƵЩϴֱˣʱ˵ԣʱ۾
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һ˷Ī˽
ҿҶ˵Ҷ峤ףչ׵İ죬Ǽûмɣǡ
˵ʿжӴҶ˵ҲжӣǲǲţΪڴţ
УиʲôҶ֪˰ɣΪֻǴ˵е񣿴ǿķˡôǲǺڴֻ߸Ͳţ
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Ϊ֣Ϊڴţ
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ԣʥеˣ졣һȻûпʲôνġ񡱣Ҳܸߡ
һҲпƺѾܾöû̧ͷϸͷϵƬˡ
˳û֮⣬ѹôɫҴңҲһҪԭ
ʱ˷̧֣ͷյĸоǲġ
ϰƮСʱѧһƪô˵ţϵİʱʱţʱ
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ңЩ񻹺ܱ棬ҲƯԶԶϷɹԽԽԽɸоԽʵԽ
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أĴһ飬ͻȻֵʱ˲˷ܼ
ֳ100ˣһʱϳˣЩʮֻ
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50׵峤ɫëϱ廹ɴһбµβǳΪľ顣
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һ֣ͱκֱŶӵľͷĲ׽ˣͬʱκҲĴ˵ˣע⿴Ƶڡֱţʵ̫Ưˡ
ֱĹǣЩھͷеһͬĲ˼顣
ЩʲôҲ̫Ư˰ɡ
ʶ˰ɣŸտʼءǣ񡣡
ܣڵϿôƯ
У˼Եũׯе񣬵ȻƯˡ


ʥ塣
οͷ׷óֻգ¼æòֺ
еǣ˴һ֮ͻȻǳһֱɶȥ
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пܣ˵ЩǳĴ·Ҳǲܣȥո˵
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ڶѾЩףЩ֮ԻڴӸطϿΪ˶ܿȻȥͬһط
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ڷɣܡ
Ⱥ֮Уκ˷ܵ˵ҶڣЩһطȥǹȻʹ˵еһֻǣҪǴȥ˾֪ˡ
ֱĹǿһĻҲ档
ãһĻȻ棬Ҳڲ˼顣һЩĶѵȷпõġ
·飬Ǹ֪ЩΪʲô᳤ôƯƯôࡣ
Щ쿴ֱĹڣƺûоò˼飬а֣Ǿ⻹ڲ˼飬ǰɣܺãںڴǵȻ˵
ʥ塣
ϸķ𽥻㼯һططܶοͶ֪Ϫˮ
κ˵ǿԸѾϣǵĿĵˡţƿкܶĲƺԶһСӣȷһõطҸոԱο˵Ϫˮ
ۣ飬ЩƯһӨǾϲ
æӲҪСֵģ˷ҿɲ㡣
ЩоȵϿҪÿܶࡣȺУͬеܾϲ
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һˡҲҿƹô˾ۼҲһ㲻ӵ
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ԣǷɵôߣΪǺúõѽˣ塢̣硢ǾͿˡԣǲġԱһ˵СŮĸˡ
ŶСŮƶǶĵͷֻ˫۾ǴǿҵΡ
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ֻбЯʽ˷ĹԱһ20ӣСŮɰ˵ֻҪԵӡƬ
ԵӡƬʲôһЩƺ֪ʲôԵӡƬ
Ȼ֮ȴһϲһ20Ůڣæóһ˵𣿡
˿ŮϵĶʲ״һϻǳǳİۣȴ3ף0.5׵ӣɫЩƽ𣬿ʲôʡ
ȥǳľ¡ۡһ覴õƷ
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Ůӵ˵Էϵõģһֻֽ۵ԧ죬а𿪣淢
ӴȥŮӸ˵꣬һ͵һԴǰûڵ˵ԷҲһֽ۵Ķԧܣ˿ͦµġҾͰߣ͸һ·СˡȵȣҺ񻹼ǵǸСӣҵȥûԸСѻûаӵ
˵꣬ӻ뿪Сȥˡ
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ְ֣ոǿǸҲСһɵͯͻȻ
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ҲУô֪óְֿ׺ЩȣСŮʲôʱõԵӡƬģȻȫ֪
ֻСŮԼ¶óһȻ̯С֡
СĶȻһöɫԵӡƬ


ʮ Ⱥ
СŮĸ׿СŮϵɫԵӡƬǾȵʵⶫõģ
СŮĶ·ŻؿڴԴ˵ոһøҵģҰѶźãˡ
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ӵԵӡƬˣΧˣ˵ԼԵӡƬĹ̡
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ֳңκȻŹôõĻᡣҲ֪һöɫԵӡƬͨͷֱĹŽܡ
ոֳԱĽܣԼֳοǵشҶˡûŵľһöԵӡƬôǲǾ÷ǳƯҪӵУƬһɫء
κ߶߶Ľ˺һԵӡƬɼԼӵһöԵӡƬԵúЩ⡣
ʲôԵӡƬȷƯ
㿴ǵ⾢֪ˡҲҪһö
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ԱԽ˵ЩûԵƬ˾ԽǺںźԵӡƬԽԽ⡣
кܶ˼ʱҲѾ翪ҵĸԹԣһõĻᰡֳôŮûԵӡƬҪҰҵԵӡƬãȻܹŮĸм绰QDɶҲǲܰͲ֪翴ǸɫŮӣûԵӡƬ
ԽԽпܣԽ۾ԽǷŹ⡣ܿвѾʼжˣȺ֮ѰźʵĿꡣ
һȺ޵ս졣
Ȼʱ򣬹Ա˵ˣڿһ衯ʱΪ1ӡ1֮ͽ뿪ҲҪԥ̫ãΪԼʱ䡣
ԱĻ10ŮӣûκԥȡһöԵӡƬԱ
ЩƬֻʱڹԱȻ֮󻹻˻ǡ
⻹һЩŮӣԵ÷ǳԥ
ԥΪǲ̫裬ΪֻһöԵӡƬ
ÿһöԵӡƬֻʹһΣ˵ĻиĶĵطǾֻĿˡ
Щʵ̫Ưˡ
ԣԥǳԥ
٣λŮǲҲȥһöԵӡƬֻҪһĵ绰ңô
һƥҵԼĿ꿪ʼˣֻƥȻûʲô飬˼Ҫ绰ģ
ûɶϣˡ
ȻŮۣһûκεıʾ
λŮҿͦϲЩġһöԵӡƬͽɣ˱ûҡ
λԾϵˣ˿绰£ֻǽã㻹ûҡ
ãŮӦˣ㻹Ը˵ʲôģʱ˼ҶҲܾл
ȻŮЩ⶯ֻǻȽԥԥһ֮󣬻ûдӦ
û£һõĿʼһθʱǶȥӦþûʲôˡ
٣λŮ
Ⱥлв١
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ȺУʮֻΧ20Ů衣
ǻͣŮֱϣڵͿգվڵ档ŮЦȻ裬פա
Ц໥֯гȻ
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һȻгĻ棬Ҳֳֻö
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ϧҪôûԵӡƬҪôֻһöԵӡƬԥ˰컹û
һЩովܾǵɧŵŮӣʱ΢΢һЩڣոӦôӦЩ˲Ҫһ绰𣿸Ҳûʲô˵ġ
ۣĻ棬Ҷ𣿴ǲǷǳĽЩǹ衢յĻᣬһоֻһءκֱ˵
ֱĹڴʱȷǷǳĽЩŮϧڵĵطЩǧֱֻͨͷĽĿֳˡ
ĽֳЩ˰ǲ裬ҲܽĹۿ
ҲĽֳˣֻĽЩˡЩҵģעѽ
ǰҪԵũׯׯֱƱֻ100ǮһˣҲһʲС˰ʲôԵӡƬ
ЩĿˣעɲԵũׯׯġ

Ϫˮֳ
һʱܿ͵ˣеٴηɵ߿֮УһطѸٷȥ
ЩȥȻźȴֶԽᷢʲôڴ
ЩֻһӣѾ˾̾ôᷢʲô󲻳
Ϊ󲻳˲ڴ
ôЩʲôıأ
տʼĲڰɽŵıݲֻ࣬ǳķʽвͬ
еֻ죬ֻqֻ׵Ĵ£һμࡣ
ȻеһڳˡԵũׯӭ㡱
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ݵڰɽŵıݲࡣ
ȻЩͨıݣȴֳ󾪺
ǳֵһ𣬾һֱûжϹ
ۣʲô񣬺ô󰡣
ƭˣôôİ죬ֱ͸ļСͷɻһ
ղðǲqɣ˵qѾ𣿻УҲ̫˰ɡ
⵽жడɫɫģоѿֻһ񡣡
ޣԵũׯӭ㡯ԾȻģЩǾȻĻд֡
ȻЩ񰡣

ֳľϣֱȻҲࡣֻ޴İʼھͷеʱ򣬷һαըˡ
ղݣȻôİ졣
ЩԵũׯׯεõģ
ֱ̫˼ˣQDֱƽ̨֮ǰһҲûпŰ
ֹûпţֱĻ棬ۿ˭š
һȺСֵļһԵũׯׯӵˣôҲ
ˣɻŰ
ٺ٣ڻΪ֮ǰڴţǵ۾ϸŰɣĻں档


ʥڡ
һ񳵻ʻ֮ͣͣȴû򿪳
磬ôô೵ͣũׯֻ²ٰһ20˵
˵һۣ˵ʲôֻǿˣֲǵ鷳ʲôϵ
ڲ10ˣ˵ũׯһͷׯžûš˵
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̾һ˵Ҳ֪ԲûôҼ³ȹ۲һ¡ǿǲòִСãҪǸһũׯ³ɣ³֮ҵľһЩװͨĿˣ뵽ׯ֮ٻϣ𣿡
ˣ硣
Ŵ򿪣½½10ӡЩ³֮һǵһӵοһ㡣
ȻҲȷǵһҲȫӣĶһж졣
һһ̵ֶĽ뵽ũׯ档
ʱ򣬴ɵ׷Ѿũׯˡ
ȻǺпŵûУֻʲô
ߺ󣬷̨һӵ˵С㣬ոЩ˺ʲôˣ㿴⡭
Сͷ˵Ҳòʲôˣ͸緢Ϣ



ʮ ũׯйŹ
ʥ壬Ϫˮ
ǵıݻڼֱֳĹɾϡ
ڼ䣬ֳһԵӡƬȡĻᡣ
ֻɫǣ׵ĵͿУϳһiloveyouͼ
ֳǣֻÿ֧5öԵӡƬܹ⸱ͼǰӰ
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Ů˷ܡȻҪ뾡һа취ȥ㡣
ϧһҪ5öԵӡƬ˾Ҫ10öɲһСĿ
ӵԵӡƬ˱٣ӵжöȻ١
һеļץԼŮеʱи10öԵӡƬ˵ԼŮѲѡ
˭ԵӡƬ֮󻹻㣬ֻ3ö鼱֮£һ߸Ӵ˵
򣿡߸ӵĻЩڽ۾һҲæ
ҲֻöλУǮ
ֻһöλһöҡ
һЩԵӡƬ۾һ⻹һľϲЩƬǮǮԼֻǽ첻ʹöѣԵĺѽ
ɵӲŲء
ǣ˫֮£һöԵӡƬļ۸񱻶Ϊ500Ǯ
һ˫˷ܵĽס
ֻһʹȨһö͵500ǮأֻҪ50010002000ǮͿǷͼǰİŮѺӰ
ô飬һӻֻһΣҲԻⱲ顣
Ǯֵ̫ˣ
ǣֳг20Ե£ĽУͼǰڶǵΧУ˲䡣
ÿһµϣд˷Ҹ֪쾹Ȼһôڵǡ
һ̣ԵũׯԵũׯׯ˸м
ЩŮĽ֮࣬Щ̾ϢΪʲôԼûһԼأ
ЩѣȴûŮӣĽֵ֮źˡ
֪ʱ̣˵ʲôҲҪһ
ʱЩҸ£ȫеĽ㣬ҲֱǧеĽ㡣
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ĽֳЩŮ
ղݣֳЩ̫ˣһöԵӡƬûУҲֻ輸ǧǮͿԸһô顣
ǰֳеӣ5000Ǯ10öԵӡƬȥˣѣɹʹƺܸ߰
ֳǵĸ
ô20ȥӰֳĵǲץסᰡ
ûôԵӡƬɣ˲˵ֻкٵ˲𡣡

ֱЩԵķֳɱ𣬿ͬһ飬˺Ů˿صǲһġ

磬ƺԾôô٣Ӧðͣô೵˶ȥˣ˵Ǹ֮Ϊӡ
Ǵũׯſڽһֱߵڻϵط·˺١
ǾЩԾ˵˲Ӧôٵġ
ٴü˵ʲôԾģׯôˣȻȥׯˣȻˡ
˵꣬翴ԼЩ£ﲻЩǣ³ЩɹģǶũׯһЩη壬ɲһ¡
ҪΪϴԣԵũׯдׯʲô£Щ߶߶顣
ʵԣҲԸׯ鷳ǿֲܲػˡ
ԣֻӲͷƤˡ
ޣ쿴ǱʲôͻȻһС
ôˣ粻õĿʵȴָһطĲš
Сַʲô񾭣粻һ̧ͷָķ򿴹ȥ
һԼҲǰһֻԶϣڵ㡣
Щʲôʱ˶Զϵĺڵ㣬ѵ񣿿ôеôأ
ũׯȻйŹ֡Ǵʱе뷨Ҳǡ
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ߣȥ˵
硭ƺһЩȥ
ȵûһϢˣôˣ¸ʲôߣ
˵꣬ͷЩڵķȥ
10˼ϴˣҲֻüϡ
ֻǲ֪ǣڸ߿֮Уһ˫۾ǵһһȫ


ʮ ſ£Ͻſ
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ӦХ촫ϢһߣĪЩһýﻹ֣һæ
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ڣ߿еĺ൱۾ʲô쳣ڵһʱͿ֪
ʵϣյĶϢ֮ǰѾ֪10μɵˡ
Х츳Ǳߴ100ЩȻܹ׵жϳ
ʱȥЩһбһݵϣǰķ羰
Ա˵ЩУоʱݵǲǷ羰
˵е͵ȺǷ羰
һȵӰķ羰
ʱǵıһֻ߳ʰ쵵ķˣ˵ľͣԽԽ棬ֱԶԶȥѱ档
ֻķһ֣㳹ֳ
û֪ǽĵڼξˡ
ޣţţ
̫ˣЩЧķЧֱͲܱ
ǰҾ˵ǿϳһֻķˡʱȫУˣȻһǲš
̫̫׳ˡ

ȺУֳһٶˣŴʱΧ𺳵ı飬кǵ㣬٣ǰ˵ǻţΪڴţô˰ɣɵ˰ɡŰɣǸɵʱ˻ûء
ΪЩ˵е㣬յķ˷һķȻչֱ
һ߷֣ɰֳͻ𱬵գøӻ𱬡
е˶и̾һӼΪ顣

οΪĻ̥˼һĻͲǾȶǾˡ
10£׷кڵķһ·Ľӽ
ȴ˭֪ţǴһƬڵĵطٴοʱЩĺڵȴͻȻˡ
ûĴһٴκȵʲô˵ЩڵڷȻͲˡǰߣԼԼǰ˵Ļȥǲһж𣿡
˵ͷҲкܶͬʱڻֻҪ˶ǾͲ¡
ǣ˼ǰ
ַһֿڣҰٴαÿʱǡһУȻͿԶϣͻȻһֻʰ쵵ľ޴Ÿ߿ռɶȥ
ٶ̫죬ǲûпһֻʲô񡣵ʲôӵ˾ͣŵľսˡ
䣬磬ոʲôʵ֮󻹴һ顣
һֻ񣬲Ҳ̫̫ˡһҲ˵
ԼոҲһǶʹٶȿ죬ʲô
ũׯаţŽãȻ¡
Լǰǳ򶨵ģһ˵ʲôôСֵģҲǰڽʲô߿ƼӰݣոյֻһӰˡûкܶ˶ڻ𣿽첻ũׯҵũׯ׼ĳֱݰɡ
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Χһͬ۾һ˵ƺеӣʵӦþ˰ɡ
Ǿ͹ȥɡһӣǰ
ϣ硣µĴ
ֻҪׯûʲôа飬ʲô¡
˶ࣿ˶զµʱԽԽأԽԽпС
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˵һοΪǿ¡ǿ磬Ĺ֪˭˲ǿǺڰͨԵĴ
ò˵ɹ֮һȺ˶»Ǻְҵġ
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һ㶣ȫʶ̧ͷȥȴոĶһγ֣ԼٶȴƲ֮߸¡
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ڵķ
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һȣȻ˰˲١
ȻȫĲĿУǸĹԽԽԽԽѾԿצˡ
ң޴צƺ׵Ľץա
ղ꣡ʲôӰô档ۿצҪץˣüͬʱе
ſ£Ͻſ£뺰ҪšҲ̫ˣԼͦסˣֻôһſ¡



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ſ£Ͻſ£
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ˡոȷʵЩ棬ҸеҲġڣǶˣҲˡӦȥһũׯӦӭ͡
֮˵֮ǣ֮Ժſ¡ΪҶܺ£Լ¡ڣҾҪȥһˡ
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Ѿ϶ոǹֻһֺܱӰﵹҲٺˡ

ϪˮһݵϣӦХ촫Ļ棬ǺһЦЩһսôһųܲˣˣ
ЩһǾǹˡʵʵҲͰˣʵǾֻٶһЩˡ
߶ǿﻹǱҪ͵ġ
գǰ
ڣķ˵Ͽа裬ѾپΪǾҲܱǴʱе𺳡
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ĴС̬Ƶеӡ
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ӦûǡרҵֱҲȲֳ
Ҳֳֻֻˣᵽ𺳰ɡ
һΣֱˣΪûֳеź

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ڰһ֮󣬽ͣڵͿվֹΨ˫볤βӭڡ
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ڣֳ˸˷ܡʱѾǾԵӡƬĵθ
ÿֻ20öԵӡƬͿǰֻ߹ķܽӴӰ
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ңֳôˣ˵ֱﻹǧĹڡ
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ȻˣҲֻпһһˡ
20öԵӡƬɲһСĿ
֪ԵӡƬ⹦ܣӦʲôҲרѰԵӡƬ
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Ȼ֮ǰҲȥԵӡƬǰ֮ǰĳɽ۸һöԵӡƬ500Ǯ20öҲҪһǮ
һǮϴҶУװһαƾҪһǮܶ˾᲻ˣǧǰװơ
˵500Ǯһöֻ֮ǰļ۸ڻһõء
ĽʵĿ˼ȥװưɡ
ôûԸ⻨ٵǮȥװһαأ
𰸵ȻУһ١
ֳĴǻֻᵭһЦԸȥͷЩСǣȴǼ˫۷Ź⣬һǮǧĽʵװƣһǶôŮ
ǿֱֵ̫ˡǮװʲôأ
ǣһСǣ緢Ĵ
ԵӡƬҪĴң
1000ǮһöԵӡƬеĸϽ
ҲҪԥˣеĸϽְ
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ղݣСϷ˰ɣë
1000Ǯһö20ö飬СΪװҲǹƴİ
У˼ǮС˼
ǶʲôֳôŮǾɫŮӺŮ˵ĸ￴أǮֵ̫ˡ
ԶԣǮֵ



ʮ ҳ
ֳףеȻʱһҲϪˮ
һһǣټĿյվˣԹһٵˡ
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ЩˣεҳӣȥĳˣôݡһȺûĻļһ
ˣ磬ô˵ҳӣ˷ܡ˷ܵ˵

Ϫˮֳ
Сǣƴյռ20öԵӡƬ
20öˡȥƯСǿɫеԵӡƬ˵ϲ
㲻Щȥװƣȥ͸ǣҲԻ벻ջ
ϧǣЩƬǣȻֻǽʹȨѡ
ˣôˣǸϽȥܽӴʸɡ
˰20öһö١һСеԵӡƬֳĹԱ
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ԱĻ˹Ȼ߹ķˣԼĸ߶ȣֱ׸ߵĵط
һ˸棬ֻֻ֪ͬ϶ɣȴƫƫʲô
һ硣
ȥˡոս20öԵӡƬС˷ܵĴһĽʵĿУż߽ķˡ
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ڻӭôСԵü
ڿǧ˫۾أԵĿ
ȻҪǣЩŮСġ
ÿֻ30ʱ䣬Ҳ̫ˡҪץÿһʱPossոտ10רΪաPossһҪڵ˧С
С֮½мռ20öԵӡƬСǰȥܽӴ
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˵һ20꣬Ӹ߸ߵˣһ֮е
Χ˲ü10˴ԽȺֱԱʱΧ˾һֲõԤС
10˵ĴŴ磬ԼͷԾǻ֣ڳֻ²ʲô顣
Ȼһһ˵һֲһζ
ԱȺ߹ʱҲһֲõԤУǸ߸˵ȷһ㣬ЩʲôĿġ
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ЦǿԵũׯˣׯһ£ǰЩСë
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ԷӦóϻ̳Ͽ֣пô˼ܿأ
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һ뷢𣬶Է£ȻЦɰëˡ
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Աȴ˿ûавǿǸׯˣСˣǲǶǵԵũׯ
俴޿ֵĹԱͻȻǺһЦ˵Ȼ㲻ϰ壬ǾͰϰɡҲ飬ϣôǴȻల£Σ
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ɶԷϰȻôһС˵ֱûа
ӵЦǴҵȻҲûʲô¡ԣʲôֱӸ˵Ϳˡ



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Щʲô˰Ҫ£
£ɣ׻ػũׯ˸£
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ԽԽֱ֣ȻԽкôȻ飬ͷ㲻ϡ
˸Եũׯ£ôһ˼
һҲΪԵũׯġȻֳҲû˻ΪԵũׯġ
ΪûǸҪ

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ַ֣Χƺ˿ûҪµ˼ȫֻǿָָ㣬ŷ
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Сû˵Ļ𣿸ϽȥϰȻĻٺ٣һ˵һߴһԼ40סֱԼ2׵
漴̯ϣ²ͣûȷʵ˷ǳš
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⵹ҲЩһûǶȻˣҲΪһָ߿Ƽϳɵġ
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ֱڿһĻһҲѾֻˡ
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ЩһǲǾýȱһЩЦԪأǼϡ
Եũׯׯٳٲ÷뿪һǹЩһġ̫ˣϲ
Ҷ𺳵УЩһһգƺǸѡ񡣡
ˣԵũׯׯĪ


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˿֪ѾΪǧеЦϣȻ˷ܵĳֻķˡ
ʱǵѾֻ˷ܡ
ĸоӦúˬɣԱǰκζĸоҪˬ
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ߣӣȫһҪеѾߵķȥ
ȴ˭֪һҲûȥ
ֻ˾޴ĳһһո10ȫ˲ʧ
۲ݣôͣ
ֳˣֱĹڼһĻ̲סһֿڡ
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ȻҲ֪Щ˶Ȼ˷˾޴ĳ֮С
ȻûʲôΣգһͷ϶ǳԶˡ
ʲôôܣأʧɫ10˰Ȼ˲ȫʧˡ
ʲôԵũׯȻйŹ֡
Ǻǣ磬ǰɣʧɫʱ򣬷ЦǺǵ˵ոսӵׯĴѶׯ˼˵ǿͣǳķϣһǳׯҲˡһΣ㶮ģ԰ɣ
ǳׯʲô˼ʵڵѾЩˡ
֪ܿˡӺٺһЦ
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﷢ë׼һ׳ʱ򣬺Ȼø߿дһƳХ
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һʱŵ߻궪꣬鲻ԽһС
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ֻһѩ׵ľ޴ӰԼٶȸ£˲͵ͷ֮ϡ
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һֻһɺͷֱðҿԼһֱʵʵȻôһ£߻ǵö겻ɡ
ҲһĶ˶ȻЦҲõģǸ˲£ׯֻǿͣׯѡ
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ҲĳʲôԼٶʧʣҲ10˳ׯȥˡ
һһʧ֮ƺŻع˲䱬ˡ֮
ոǵɫӰʲôû˿ˣ
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Ҳǣũׯﶯͺ񶼱Ƚϴ󡣡

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ԺԵũׯׯȥﶼ޵ȥǾɱһУΪΨһĽ㡣
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Х콵3ҵĸ߶ʱצһɣɵ˵ֱصˤڵϡ
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ȻֻķˣȻֻͬ϶ɵģԽˡ
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ۣ˵վѾһ䡣
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150֣10ӣũׯĵһ߲˾Ҫʽ
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һ˵ЦЦ˵ֻֻǿźÿڻǰɡ

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˶ǳĵļ۸⣬Ҳڽҿصɴ
ÿһ߲ķԱһЩ̵Ŀ֮󣬸߲е߲˼۸񣬶ͳһʾ˷ǰҺϡ
Һϵļ۸ֳ֮ΧŵˣֽȻͬ
۸Ȼ̫ˣ
ղݣҲ̫˰ɡ



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զ֮Щ˼飬ϸ֮ƺ
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߲һ
ڴ˸ͷӽ23꣬ǸҸˡ
ũׯҵǰƸġ
۸񹫲˲ͬķӦ΢΢һЦ˵Щѿܾǵļ۸Щһȷʵг۸ȷʵܹ󡣵ţֻҪǳǵĲ֮ͻΪȷʵֵۡ
˵ֳ˶΢΢ͷٴЦЦ˵ڣǵũׯ߲ʽʼӪҵƳԼҿԸҪѡ񡣴ʲôˣȥժȡҲֳĹԱæժȡ󣬷ǳҪһ㣬һҪעŶǾÿÿ߲ó20
ӰǶ˹дУÿ칺ó20ơΪʲô˶һЩ𣿡ĻȺоʵ
ЦƲ20ﲢǹ̶ģʱ䶯ҪǸʱũׯܲΪʲôҪƣΪø˶ܹ򵽲ˡҲˣũׯĿ˷ǳ࣬Ҫ֤Ҫ˵˶ܹõ
˵ЩԴʵ˰ͷȷũׯ߲ܴ߲˵ĳҲǳãӦ÷ǳ
ٴҲܲס˶డƣֻµȷкܶ򲻵
20Ҳˣһ˳ϼˡ
ȻֳҲһЩ˶20֮ԱǣΪô߲ȥͲˣÿ޹20ûбҪô20߲ˡ
20޹׼ֻũׯΪӪһ߲˺ļֶζѡ
Щô룬һЩѾȵȲˣ߲һţһϲ̵ѡԼϲԵ߲ȥˡ
٣ⷬѣȥҲ̫ˣֺ͸ȭͷҵժһ΢СĵĴӷժѡ
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һѾ30ǮǮݰȻɣⷬѿȥȷʵǳˣҲֻ۸᲻á
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΢˻һ仰û˵Ȼ᲻򡣡
ôóԣҽȥúúóһ˵ͬʱҲ룬ЩǴΪЩ˲ѵôóԣ

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λ㣬Щƹϡ˿һҪ25Ǯ㻹ôࣿ
۸ԤڵĵͶˣҪ˼޹20Ĺ涨һöء

磬ֻǴײ˶ٺóܺóԵȥȻ15Ǯһһƾ͵кüľò󣿡
٣СӣûȥԵСԷɣԹͲˡֻײȷʵ̫ˣһž͵˷Ѻü޶ϧѽ

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κֱŶһ·߹ȥֱĹһξ治ѡ
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ɶ˼һ˵ȷǳһ˵󡣡
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κ˵Щ˵ˣɲöǮˡΪˣҲΪǮΪʲôΪôļ۸ˣлƷЩ֮󣬾֪ˡ


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ε㲻Ҫȥݷ֣ʲôʱȥ
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߲һԡ
ǰʮϲ˵߲п˰뱲ӻǵһμ֮õ߲ˡ
ЦһѾ֪пٴˡ㰡ͱڸпˡ߰ɣڣҲȥݷʦˡ
۾ЦϺ仰˵õġ

߲˶ԡ
ҡԪͬʱһ̾漴ͬ˵벻
˵꣬ȫһЦ˵ǿԺúõĿһˡ
ҲǰСô£úõһ´Ӷ᲻뿪
ԪǾ߰ɣҲȥУСдôľʫĸӵйء

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߲֮һ߲Ѿ죬Բժ
ÿ޹20Գŵһ߲˳졣һ߲˽ӽʱµһ߲ܹۡ
ѭȥԱ֤ũׯÿ춼ʳ߲˿۳
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ȫкʺãȻһһӦ
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ϰֱǡɡʯںæʩ񣬵ϸ㡱
ſ˵Ц죬ò֡
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ڡè󡷵ػûɣľè󡷷Ϊڵһǰ30Ѿɡ
ԴˣȻû顣
ںȻǶԵʽ̽Ĺ
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ں˴ϲоڴ֮ɫ
޵ԺϵĺҲûоܾʾʱݾ
ȻûֱӴӦҲ˷ܲˡ



ʮ Ǵһ
һ֣ԵӴʱҲַǷ
򸾡Ȩлʡκ̶ѣϵȴЩ΢
ڴҶ֣ͣദõҲǢٱ
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磬ҸоҲѾָԿˡڼʻλϵĺ˵
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漴񳵻ֻǳһֱܹ죬һǶѼˡ
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ȻҲ˵ũׯˮҲʵĸǿ㱨ؼǿδؿŰ
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κֱŶӣڸֲ߲ȡֱֱ֮Ҳڵ˺͹˵ټʱ
˵ټʱκаٸн8ڵĵεΡ
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һ˺һֱͨϵͳ˵װĹǣ8뿪ʼ3㣬ǵֱͷҼ֤벻ʱ̡һ죬Ǿ̤ͬһλðó̡
ڣλðмọ́ڵ˺ʹ˵ټʱҴֱ飬лÿһλտֱѡҲһлԵũׯлԵũׯׯԼеĹԱлǴ̤λðó̡
ףÿһĩ죬彡ллǣټ
κĻһֱͷһִֺ͸ķϡ
һͷɢֱ
Ȼֱʱûйرա
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ǰоһѡֱֱȷľ֮һ


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ڣκһطοͣ۵Ļȫǹڽ췢ļ¡
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ԵũׯĴ棬Ҳһ죬Ļ



ʮ ӣһҪһ
ˣæµһڽˡ
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ũׯӽ쿪ʼʽӪҵˣԺֻҪ½ƳĿͿˡ
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ӣǿһҪһģֻǾҪôҪϸһ롣


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1029գԵũׯҵڶ졣
һվý壬Եũׯҵر
ңÿýıֻһƪкЩý弸涼ǹԵũׯҵı
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ôðһͷͷý༭еҸķա
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ּҵۣýڽյŰȷ
ԵũׯҵʦƷ
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𾪣Եũׯׯѵʦͬһˣ
ңȷԵũׯׯȴֻ25ꡣصִʦ𣿡
顢ӨԵũׯҵٻʦ衶𼧡롶׷ˡ
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Եũׯҵֱ䣬1.2ڵͬʱ߹ҵ񻰣
й١¸ǰ塷ȦȦַ죡
׻ˡ޵Ǽ٣㿴񻰣
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30Ǯһ˸߼۵߲ˣΪοֱ๺򣿱Ϊء

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ԵũׯĿҵڵĹտ֮󣬽ֳɹռ˸ý塢ĸҳ档
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δ˵꣬ͱԱߵܷһ漴Ůһ֡
Ůһ֣羰ƺĿƣֲѵ˵ŮǱмСӺע⵽ˣϾҪֱеĳˡ
ŮһӨæͷϴŵһñѹѹ˵ǿ߰ɡ
˵꣬ŮǰȥһЦҲæϡ

һ·ϣοԽԽ࣬ŵĴһα
ũׯ߲Ӫҵʱ9㵽12㣬2㵽5㡣
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֣̧ͷǺЦСǿ԰ĲˣñũׯĺãСĽ
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Ȼô뷨ԪȴѸߵ칫棬˵˵糤Ԫ
漴ʾһ¹ΰ˵ǵ࣬ΰСֵܣ
ǺԪ֣漴ֺ͹ΰ֣Ȼɳ
ʱǰ̨ҲһˮǰĲ輸ϡ
΢Цŵлǰ̨΢΢һ죬漴˳ȥ
Ԫص칫󷽵ϣ˵֪λСֵôƺΪˣ
΢΢ͷЦ糤ˣ˵糤⽫Ц־תã֪û£
ԪԷȻΪ־һʱ䲻ᡢοźȶζӿͷԸһС̾һ˵ôһ£ѵСнֵ˼
ͷ˵ǵģ֪糤Ǵôת
Ԫδ𻰣һԵĹΰ˵糤ҪҪ̸Ҿȳȥˡ
Ԫͷͬͷʾ⡣
漴ΰԪ΢΢ף漴˳糤칫ҡ
糤칫ҵĹΰɻ󣬡ѵˣ֪Ŀǰ־Ӫ״𣿡



ʮ ˷ܵ糤
ΰȥ֮ԪʵСѣ־ĿǰľӪ״˽⣿
ͷ˵ţ˽⡣
ԪҲͷǵġЦ־Ŀǰÿһڵ3ᣬϣСܹ
ûԷôᣬûпò־Ǯ
һҪ۲ߣںܶ˶С
΢΢һЦ˵糤ģǾϸĿ֮󣬽Źġ糤ת뷨Ϳˡ
Ԫͷ˵Ҿֱ˵ˣ־Ҵ20꣬˵ʵҺ᲻áˣѾٸµˡת÷һתô󲿷ֵĹɷݣԼһС֣йɷȫתãת÷Ѿ30ɡ
˵꣬ԪЩ῿αϡ
ʵֻתô󲿷ֹɷݵģ¶ԷٳһЩǮûйϵҲ֪ԷȻҪ֣ȻҲͲôһǮȻҪȫɷݵġ
20Ц־磬͸Ҳûйϵˡ
ܲᣬֲܲתȥ
־ֻйˣԸתȥԺԼ
Ԫ˵ʵ֣Ѿ˵ˣ⣬Ҳ˾Ĳ취
ǾֻҪ90%ĹɷݣԺЦ־Ĵϰ塣Ԫɻϰ塣
˿֣֮⣬Ҫʺڵ
ΪԺڶڴ־¿û
ڣԪ־磬ʥ壬յĵĻϰ壬ҪһˣƽʱɶҲܣõ飡
УӵĻԪĴмֱôô˳ġ
һ˵ɣ糤Ժ־ǽҳ2790%Ĺɷݡ
Ԫһ㶣Щŵ̽ʵСѵ˼ֻ90%Ĺɷݣ
΢Цŵͷǵġ
Ԫжʱϲܿ뵽ʲôϲɫ
ΪԷ˵Ժ־ɽתʲô־绹ֻйһ·
뵽ԪֵСѣʵ˵ҪΪ־ˣ׼תáԺ¡
û˵꣬Ȼ˼ЦЦ˵糤˼˵ǵ־ԺзǳͶ塣֪糤ûģ־ĻԻͣ
ǳͶ壿Ԫһ㶣漴ȻѹֶԷ͸־磬ȻǶԷʶĳλֻλҡ
ĵԴ
ĻЦ־ܹҲǲܰ
뵽Ԫ˫۴ƺѾЦֻԻ͵ʱˣЦзǳͶ壬ĳȻģ־߳Ŀǰ
ҲЦ糤仰ҲͷˡİɣԺͶǾϲġ
ԪŶŵЦݣȻһ֡Ц־ؽػص߸Ĵ
ִ֣û˿̵Ԫǳţִһʵֵġ
Ԫԭӵ飬һͻȻ÷ǳãȣ·10ꡣ
ٴιЦôСѣͰת˰ɡԺ󰡣ǵĴϰ忩
õԪҲʮָˣҲЦԺȻ糤־绹ýء
ԪЦϰģ֤񡣡
ԪȻһСЦɼȷǳ֮á

ԪˬʵЦ糤칫ңĹΰЩɶͷԡ
־ɹתã糤ҲӦ÷ǳԲŶ԰ôЦôأ
òǱ˹ɶ˰ɣ
ޣ뷨ˣϽޡ˼
Сˣ֪棬ɡ칫ﴫԪ
õģ糤ΰæӦһ˶һۣȻɻı飬ƿ糤칫ҵţ˽ȥ
糤칫
ΰϵɻԪ֪ΪʲôЦŰϸ˵һ顣
ΰ󣬺ǲĿ˵λСֵܣŶǣϰʶңͶ嵽Ц־
ǺһЦ˵ţǸеǳľϲ
ΰҲǴϲЦ־Ļء
Ԫˣ־ɷתõȫ

ˣʽӵЦ־90%ĹɷݣΪЦ־Ĵϰ塣
Ԫأ־糤ΰࡣԱţʱҲ䡣
б仯ҲԪдùء
һ֮лԪΰ˵ĳԷ룬ֱӳ־硣
ЩԱҲûȥʶһ¡
Ȼھǰ̨ʱûǺǸɰӴк˼ɫ΢΢һ졣
ǹЦһȥ


ʮ Ȧеݷ
߳Ц־磬˿ʱ䣬쵽12ˣڸ˼ҷ˽ȥ׼Ȱ緹ٻؼҡ
ˣ֮һߵȴһ˼һЩ⡣
ȻʱԱһԷļ˵ۣȤ
˵һΡǣͷٰǸʡЩ־ȥμӣ
Ӧöȥɣǿȫġأ淢Ʒʲô涼ǿ
УǶɶҶʡǡͱı༭˵һΡûʲôġ
ᰡⲻ൱ѸЩСС־ûˣ
ôʲôֻҪкÿĹ²ˡ⸽ƺһ־Ц֪ǻ᲻ȥ
Ц֪үүÿڶҪֻ֮Ѿôˣ˵濯ǵС˵Ѿˡ
ȻΪʲôֻҪ򣿡
үү˵Ѿϰˣһֲ黳үү˵⡶ЦǰҲȫΧǶġֻǲ֪ΪʲôͲˣڱ˵ȫΧˣʡ˵һǶû
̫ϧˡ

ʱ򣬷ԱĲ˶˹һ߳ԷһȤļԱ߼˵ۡ
10֮극߳ҷݣһ˿ȣеһǶû˵ЦҲǰɣܿǾͻ֪ˡ
漴ɽһʿֱվȥ
ڿͳϣƾŷǷĶкü˶й顣
΢΢Щ㵣ȫĽడ
׼ƳС˵˵һ¡
ѾƳʱˡ
ȻˣǾǰĲ׽Ľɡ
һ׵׵Ц

Եũׯ߲һԡ
ЩڶԻһΪ40ҵӣ΢֡
һ20ӣߡ
΢ӿ߲ѡ˵Ŀˣ΢΢ҡͷ̾ϢۿЩˣоƵϻҪˡֻǿϧ۸̫ˡ
ߵЩʵЩ˻϶20ࡢ30һˣˣ
΢ӵ㿴˵Ŀô࣬ÿÿ޹20ƣǾ˵۸ܶ˶Խܣϧ˰
ߵȻ⣬ʵôϧˣ
΢ε۸ٸ߸1020Ǵ˿϶Ͳܽˣ˵˶Ȼͻ١ʱһٽȻܻũׯׯעͺøУʱʦϣʹ𣿡
ߵ۾һȻܵڲкܶ˶˵ũׯׯʦͬһ𣿡
΢ӵǸֻܲǺܴ25Ķִʦ˲ҽܰ

߲˶ԡ
ͬڶԻֻ40ҵӡ
ʥֻ˵ԵũׯȻƵиһβܽύʦܿôĵطҲˡ
ֹǲаƾԵСԵľ߲ˣǲʲôǿȻܽύʦһεо̫ˡ
ǰֻǿϧЩÿֻ20Ǿ̫ԶˣԺԵЩζ߲ˣǲװ
˵Щ߲˵ıڷǳһȫ⡣ġ죬ÿ20Ҳ100ˣҲܳһʱˡ
⣡


صʥʱѾ3ˡ
̤ũׯţںӣˡ
Ťͷһڳƺʲô飬Ҳŷ߹ȥ
ӣѾˡǵƺǴعģǸ˵ĸоǺǸЩҹƶȦˡ˵
ȦԼ֣ͷ˵أ
ӵҸ˵ȥˣڹڴ䡣ҪҪѾˣ
룬˵ԣҪңʹǵҼɡ
ӴӦһ˵ǳɣһذ칫ȥˡ
ͷҲתȥ
ҪȥѵһС˵ŪȻѾԼЦ־磬ǾС˵ʼ𺽰ɡ
ңҲѾƳһ
һƪһǳĶƪ
صֱԼķ䣬򿪵ԡ
Ȼȥռ̳һż佺ңȻǶƪҪȫҪʹü佺Ұæġ
佺ʹ֮С˵ޱȵĸԺŶһ
½һĵžžڼôƵһο
ⲿƪܹҲ2֣ټڵΪÿӽӽ300֡
һСʱ֮ƪ2ֵС˵ɹ¯



ٰʮ ԽŮ
Ц־磬糤칫ҡ
ΰʵ糤ϰû˵ʶλңʲôʱ԰Ѹһڷеʱˡ룬ܹʱǲǿ԰һڵݻһЩ
ԪҡͷҲʹСֻ˵ᾡ췢û˵ʱ䡣Сѵ˼Ժǿ϶ٰ³һˣʱ̫ˡҪΪһڳڣڡ
һڣڣΰһ㶣˵糤һڣҪͶ尡ϰʶλңôĴ𣿡
Ԫҡҡͷ˵СѲֻΪһλңֻǳƪء˵ãСѡ֮ʱע⵽ոҲˡ
ΰͷѾССʱעոˡ
˵֮˶˵˾üͷ壬Ȼʲô⡣

Ц־༭
ټı༭ֻˣƶܣȥЩտҲЩ
˾ʮӣЦѾ塢ͷˡǸʱ򣬡Ц־ڿÿڵҲᡣ
ȻЩһߴ־粻ȣҲǷǳˡ
ȴ˭̶֪̼ʱ䣬Ѿͷһ룬Ҳֻ̾Ϣ
ڣ˾̾Ϣ
ƶЩ޾ɵĿʼһݷͶ壬˵ÿյĸв٣Ȼȴûһƪܹһ˿Ȥ
ܽӿڵǰͬЩڡΪʲôЩҶһǲôأ
ƶЩֵƷֻһЩԼдģܺõȥܵǣǻòЩƷѡһЩ־ϡһ뵽ǵĶ߿ĶƷҶܰ
ܵ˭˵أȻҲ糤תֻر־һҪԭ򣬲ܶԲЩ϶߲ǡ˵ǵϰ壬Ǹˣʶң
ƶӦðɣȻ־磬ʹ˷Ǯ𣿹಻ʱע⵽Ƕעˡ
ܵϣ˰ɣܱȵĴңҲҪõóֲа
ƶϣɣⶼҪ°ʱˣǷˡˢ俴һ
˵꣬ƶˢһΣȻµʼ
ƶҲΪ⣬ΪյĸȻУȴǲ١
ˢһʼࡣ
һʼƷ֣΢ƶһȤ
ԽŮ
ѪڣڵƷ֣ͻȻһԽŮȷʵǰһ
Ҳֻһ
ƶľ飬ֲƵƷ֣붼ǳһЩ֮֡
ΪԼܴһƬգȻǲѰ·ˡ
Ȼƶʼ֮ȿһߵ֣ӹ
Ȼһ˰
ƶʱЩɺˣƷѾ֪˶٣δζϣܹЩţϣһĵط
Ȼȴһһεʧ
ȻĶʧҲȫûкôѾʧˡ
۵ƷҲִܼɨһ¡
ɺǰƷ㿪ˡ
룡룡
ʿԵת⣬սֱִ
δվֱͻȻ׹һ죬˫ཻ˸һ
Թ˶ǡסһ
½ʿʿһһ񿪡
½ʿһ߳ȣϽֱ£ƾ
ʿֽýݣԾܹ⽣ŵأӸŵˢˢֹȥ
½ʿǱ΢΢Цڣ

ȻɺƶֻǿͷһΣͳסˡ
Щ԰дҲЩ޻еĴд
γдǿҵĻУ͸оʿԼǰһһһʽ
⡭
ƶֻԼЩٶۣкܶѾ벻ˡ
ּ߻еĴдѾ±ˣҪʱ仺һ
ʵƶ˵ģϣһӹ֣ҲǵһԽŮˡ
պ󣬵ӹҫʱƶҲؽΪǵһֵ֪ˣеԺ
զԱߵܿƶŵĻЩɻʵ
ȻƶֻǡššΪӦ֣ҲӺ档
ŲһΣŤͷƶĵĻϿȥ
ȿԽŮ֣ûʲôӦٿӹ֣ͬûʲôӦ
뷨ƶһһߣȡһѰ·ˡ
Ȼ濴ȥʱǿҵĴ򶷻УҲ˲Դ
ܿ죬ҲЩκˡ



ٰʮһ ߸С˵֪
ƶκһͻȻһ֮ѸٷӦ
˶һۣӶԷ￴Ʋסľϲ뼤
ѸٻصԼĵǰһƪԽŮͶ壬
ȻѸٴ򿪣۾Щ̰Ͽȥ
һԵƶȻҲһΣĿڸϡ
ھȻǳĽţ˾ʵĿͷֻǸߵͻ֣ƽ
Ǿ̫ϧˡ
ǻžϲ˷ܡֽŵ飬һһ¿ȥ
ǿúһʵĻУǷǳܡºдûǰľʣҿ̫졣
ȻǵĵȻǶġ
һԽԽ˷ܡԽԽıܹó
10֮Ѿ忪ʼ΢΢ҲĽš
ȻڵĽѾʼĽŲһˡ
ʼΪºƽţΪеĽš
Ϊ˻ڱԽ˫š
ȻţǸ𾪣Ϊ߻едΪⲿС˵ȡ뱳
ⲿƷȻԽԵʷΪС˵ȻʷΪ
⡢⡢⡭
ƶˣѾ𾪵˵ˡ
ǿ˶ʮС˵϶ǿƪڣȻ󱨳ֻǿƪǵ˱ɱˣȻ󱨳ȵȡ
ҲһΪС˵ӵģزľô࣬Ϳȥдˡ
ͻȻһС˵ǵСࡰͨͨĿֹ
˲ԼͬͬʱؿڣһϢƬټȥ
ΪһƷȫ߸ǶС˵֪̫̫ϢҪúõһ¡

ôˣϵı˵ĸоƺǷǳܵʲôһ
ΰͻȻƶܶ˵ɰʵһͬʱһ顣
ΰ˵ķӦҲһɻ󣺡˵ķӦôôʲô
֮󣬻عƶ˵࣬ϲ£ϲѽոյһƪһƪһƪѽҶ֪ˣӷӦе࣬쿴Լ
һԵϵ͵ͷ
ΰ˼һѵϰʶλҰƷˣˣҲôɡѵĴҵƷĴҵƷҲôŰ
ΰһƶóλȥһֹ˵ڵܲ⡣
ɣʲôĸ˼ţԽŮܸ˶ĿһµĸоţӹţûӦһˡٿġ
ΰԭһ߿һߵģȴ˭֪ͷ֮ͻȻûˡ
ƶ˶һۣͻȻٺһЦھҲһ𺳵ĸоɡ
ӦñҪǿɡ
֮ʵ֤ĳȷҪǿ
ֻͻȻ͵һվ˵ϰⲿƷڲ棬ȫϿ
˵ֱ꣬糤칫ҡ

ʥ壬
дõġԽŮЦ־Ͷ֮󣬱˼ӦƳһƷ
ѡƷƳ˳򣬻кܴĽġ
ѡԽŮΪһƷҪ¼ԭ
һΪϵС˵жƪӶ࣬ԽŮǡþһƪͷɷǳĺʡ
ΪԡΪ׵ļ־磬ǸһƪıǾáԽŮЦ־ȥɡ
ΪԽŮǰӹƷȻ2֣ʺֵûζĵط̫̫࣬֡ġĻ棬ֱİо
ƿĻԴﵽǣϲ˷ܡΪĿģֲڲ̫󳶵
ϾԽŮֻǶƪҽһЩ
˼Ƭ̣ԽƷ˴뷨һ£׼ȥתһȦ
ӡӣڼ𣿡ʱ򣬷ӵ洫˽
ЩȦ˰ɣһŷ˹ˣһ΢ֵӣһǸӽϸߵӡ
أڴߴӦһ漴ת¥ȥ
ǿͣܶԷʲôˣʲôĿģȻˣӦӴǡ
λõĿ˵λũׯׯˡ
ǰһ˵ӣλ㡣
ͷ漴΢΢һЦ˵ӭλ
΢ӣæׯðǰţׯ¡
ߵҲ΢Ц΢΢ס
Цûйϵλ
漴˷ֱ֣Ȼʾ¡
ԺרŹϢΡ



ٰʮ Խŵ
ֱ֮󣬷Ӹ뿪
ͷ֮Ц֪λγƺ
΢æлׯҽ棬жŷ壬ǰֱ￴ׯĿҵ񣬸е𺳣ǰׯҪʵʸһׯũׯȥֱﻹҪƯ
΢ӣǻƬĴɶŷĸ߸ӣǻƬһӪ
ƽʱĵʶŴһǰʥ塣
ĿȻΪʦʥ֮󣬵ǾüһΣûдʦ·ӣֻǵһҲǷǳġ
ڵӱϿƺΪƽѼѡ
Ϊ̤ԺӣһһǿҵĸоǰԵũׯׯҲʦ
ͬһˣͬͬա
ԭΪʦֻ25꣬ɵһ־ʦֻ25꣬Ǻģš
һֺ֣ûĸоŲɡ
ûн˵ǻƬĴɶΪûбҪʦһƬĴɶһͨοͣû̫
Ȼˣһͨο͡ΪһͨοͣׯĽǰݷһׯǷǳȻҲǷǳġ
¥֮󣬾һֱڹ۲Է˵ı顣΢ϸ΢ı仯֪΢ӣѾ֪Լʦˡ
ֻǾþӸλ΢˱ϲ
΢ӵҽܣֻû˵ݣ˵ֻԸ˵壬ǰݷֻǽύ
ԴˣҲǰԵͷųύһЩȦˣֻҪԷƷû⡣
ǰ΢ӵҽܣһЦ˵ԭǻǱء
˵жʱϲͱԷųĽύ֮⡣
漴ͬЦһ̸ũµȦĵΪͶԵ
ŷӣʱʱĲ䣬һĺг档

Сʱ֮ŷ߳ҵԺţϵı鶼Ʋסϲ
磬һָоʦ߳һ·֮󣬶ŷ˵
ĵͷСӹȻԣǺһЦ˵һУ߰ɣ죬Ǻúһе
ŷæĴӦ
ǸոյĽ̸ûᵽʦҲûᵽ֡ţһĽ̸Ѿʽύʦ
ΪԺʦ֣춨Ŀԡ
һĿģѾʵˣͿܴеȻʳˡ
Ϊʲôûھʦִһ׸Ϊ֪ھʦֵĻԼΪ0һԺĿԶһĨɱȻɵ

ˣʱ䣬5룬ѾҪˣҲٳȥˣԺϣ˳ժһѣһ߳һߵ
Ƭ̣ûлСѾͷˣ滹Żͷ
ͷгĴڣϰ֡裬СѾͷϲƽʱ˸֮⣬ڴϹתƣӹñÿµĹʻ죬ֱҸĲҪҪġ
ȻҲǿ԰ѻͷϹƣһѲӰɡ
СѾͷϿзѣѧҲժһһ߿УһߴŻͷܿˡ
ѾͷҲ֪ͣϸһֹһŷѡ

ʡǣЦ־磬糤칫ҡ
ԪѾѡԽŮаСʱˣȻеƽ
ⲿ2ֵĶƪʵ̫ˡһӵγд
ϲ𾪡źҵȵӴ˴
ϲԲض˵źΪϾѾ60ˣſһ֮ǰʮ˷Щ԰ˡ
Ȼźֵ֮ͬңֻ60꣬ڵ״ֻҪԺע壬ٻ20꣬Ӧò
20꣬㹻ˡ
Ǹӹߣһ20ڣƳһһʵ
ԪԴŲɡ
Ĺΰʱ򼤶˵糤λӹߣһѵϰ˵Ҿ
ԪƽԼ飬˵ӦһˣһԽŵˡϾĴҿдҲдƷ
ΰͷҲΪģӹһλţǵϰֻҲ򵥰ȻôʶӹһùӹⲿлʱƷͶٵյС־
ԪصĵͷСѵȷһɲĸоϰ£ǲҪȥԴ⡣
ΰͷ糤Ȼס



ٰʮ ı༭ܲм
ΰȻףϰ鲻ҪȥԴ⡣
֮˷ܵ˵糤ⲿƷȫȥμӡ֯ıѽ
ԪͷţϰѡʱùӹƷҲ˼ǰƷǱߣҲδػá
ΰΪε̾һȻԪ˼֯αĿģѲ²⡣
ⲿԽŮ̫𺳣ⲿƷͬƷһ𿯵ǡ
õĽǣԽŮ׳ΪƷоԵĽ㣬еĲƷֻΪģȻʧɫԼ־ĲƷ
Լ־磬Ȼ޴顣
ƫƫ˼ҲǡԽŮҲް취
Ͼ˼췽һ䡰ⲿƷϲҪ󡱾Ͱˣ㻹û˵ȥ
ǱõļʺܵͣԪΰǻǻƷͶȥ
һԣһ֡Цԣ
ԪСˣͰѡԽŮͶ󽭺ĽӸɣǲҲûйϵ
ΰͷӦһͬġ
ԪּУСˣⲿƷӵҪһ־ȥʱȣѾûʱˡûйϵһƷҪκεΪⲿƷˣĸõֶΡڣѾȲҪǿⲿƷ󣬻ķӦ
˵꣬ԪԾЦˣЦúǵ⣬Щա
ΰͬЦˣЦԪ޲
Ƭ֮󣬹ΰŵ糤ȥš
ԪͷЦˣСˡ
ΰȥ֮ԪһΰĿڡԽŮϣ˾ʵС˵һôܹء

ħ־硣
ΪȫΧڣ־Ȼǲƴ֣ħģΪĵطһ칫¥㣬Ϊ־İ칫ص㡣
־ĹԱǱ༭б༭ǣҲǾԼЩ־Ҫ߳һȡ
Щ100µС־磬һĴڡ
Цַ3־磬ôԲû˵
ȻһЩϱ༭˵Ҳûп
ϾЦԻ͵ʱ䷢ǡҲȫһΡ
ڣٽ°ʱ䣬༭༭һοˣѾ˼²۴ᡣ
󽭺ı༭Ϊ10飬ÿ10ңνģӴ
˵糤ܱǣû¸ʲô⼸춼ЩС־緢Ĳⲻ˷ʱ𣿡
ǰС־ʲôõƷ־粻ҪƷǷĲƷá
˵ֻǱ༭˼ܱࡣ糤ܱȻĿĵģǶʲô
У˵ĺֻһ˴Ƶģ糤ܱʲôĿģȻҲֻ֪ȫûбҪ
ǳĿ֮⣬ԭ򡣱˵ô󲿷ֵĶ߾־ȵȣĿһ
糤ǿǵ飬ǾͲùôˡʵʵĿ壬ɡ˵Щôôࣿ
Ҳȫжټ౨־⻹кܶСС־粻ԸμӣȻࡣ
˵ˣһ־緢ˣʲôЦ־硣ûΣ˭ˣ
ˣɡ˵ЩûС־磬ʲô֣ʱǵƷĿһ𣬲ȡ
ϻô࣬Ͻ֮ŵָط
õģ鳤

˵õģ鳤༭л󣬱鳤һǳ⣬ٿˡֻһֹһظһû˵С־Ĳ壬ʲôͷ
֮󣬸سɹ
ЩԸĵ㿪û취ƽĸٶȫΧߵĸ
Щû߷ĸǶֱɾ
һʱ䣬򿴵ܡ
ڣûа취ˣ־ĲٲҲò
ԽŮӹȻЩΪȡһһܳɹ쿪һֹһ޾ɵȥ
룡룡
ʿԵת⣬սֱִ
δվֱͻȻ׹һ죬˫ཻ˸һ

û೤ʱ䣬ֻԴˡһ¾ըˡ
һּ߻еʵըˡ
֮󣬻Ȼûѡ
ΧͬЩˣΪľ飬ڿҽЦС־磬Ĳ֮ӦǴ²һǣ㶵ô£
ѵո鳤ĺǳˣ
ǵȻǲܵģСӵʲô
ɻ˷׷ĺ󷽣Ҫһʲô



ٰʮ Ҫ
ġ༭ǣĻϵĵĸе֡
ûСӵȷڿЦ־磬Ĳ⻹ɵ˲ɣ
ǣֵˣȫĿ˵ĻϣƪԽŮĸϡ
֮󣬸ոչЩ༭ǵ״̬Ѿø޶¡
10Χһ̨ԣȫһһ㶵ģһֵĳʱһЩ΢ԶһЩı༭ǵע⡣
Щ˵ڸʲôһɵһע⵽ߵı༭ǣһֹһ߹Ҫ
ߵЩ˸ǰʱ򣬷Щ˵ĿȫһطĻ
¹ı༭ǣְ
ǣȺҵ϶ҲĻϿȥ
ȻǣΧ̨һһ㶷ɵˣֶ10
ȻԽԽı༭ǵע⣬ԽԽı༭Χ˹
ǣһ̨ΧĿռ޵ġ
¹ı༭ǣѾԴƫƫɻǿĻϵݡ
˵⵽ڿɶõλóҲһЩĻı༭ǣ׷
ʲôһϵͻأ
ȺΧı༭һˣԡ󽭺Ĵ֮һࡣ
ǻعͷȻһǡ
࣬ˣʵҲ֪ʲôֻǿΧ˲ˣ͹ٺ٣㿴⡭һ༭˵
ȫصԵλȥ
ǣͬشȻȫС뿪ֻЩ뿪֮󣬻10վûжƺûĻ
üͷһ壬Щ˻վûжǾͱЩ˲û˵Ļ
ΪͬЩĻضǲҼվġ
ϾǺܸߵġ
ԾЩڿʲô̫ԣֱֻӿɵˡ
üͷ壬Ϊı༭ʲôĸûпھȻôˣΪһݸͬʱɵˡ
ֱǶ
ߵЩ˵ıصĺǳһ䣬վŵ10ˣͬʱһ飬Ӧ
ࡣ10Ⱥ󺰵ϵıΪ͸ӡ
һʵڿʲô
ʱҲ˹ʻæվ˵࣬յһݽЦ־緢Ĳݸ࣬Ҳ֪˵㿴
Цһ㶣Ȼ֪ЦĴڣֻɻ󣬡Ц糤ǰϽˡǡαʲôĿģԪ֪ܲôᷢأУѵ˵ЩСӸոտģЦĲ
ɻ࣬ȴǲɫһڻóλϣĿ䵽Ļϡ
ȻЦĲĵһȻȻĿȥ

֮ȻŻ˵ϰЦͶʼɾѾһݣ̿ҵU̰֮ϵĸɾñݡ⡣
˿ʱվܵ10ˣйЦͶ鲻й¶Ǹոտ˵һָݣҲй¶𣿡
֪࣬ˡ10ͬش
ȻʱûŪĿģʱش𣬶Ȼǲġ
ͷһU̵ݸ˵ɣ֮ϵĸɾ
õģࡣӹỤķԸ
ȴһԸ⣬ڶţոտһʲôС˵
ʵĻУþĶǵĳ档
ֻǿϧκһʱ䣬ʵֻǰһݡ
ɾһݣѾȫⲿԽŮС˵Ӱˡ
ڣȴɾܱݡⲻͱʾԺ󿴲ⲿƷˣ
ٶʱǿˡ
һ᲻áֻǿϧһӣǷǳء
ˣɾɾɡ
ʱڿԺһٴοġ
ΪһԽŮƷǸӹˣҲѹƲסġ
ֻǣӶǹڡԽŮӰӣļֻͬˡ
ͽգ
֪Ͳ㿪ⲿƷˡûпͷһ㣬Ҳûķ˲ǡ
ڻ󲻶ϵĻûʧ䣬ԽŮĸɹU档
ȻĿע£󽫵ġԽŮԵɾ
ڡԽŮĸֻлһعʼɾˣҲɾˡ
󽭺־磬ԽŮĸֻUһˡ
U뿪ˣıȻƽȴѾ˾κˡ
磬Ҫˣ


ٰʮ 
뿪֮༭Ĵȫˣ˽ġˡ֮
ո˵ʱûпС༭һı༭Ļ
ı༭Ȼû壬Ҳһţ֪ǸЦ־緢ĲͶйء
ʲô飬ǾͲˡ
ǿҵĺʹ֮£Ƿ׷˴
10ˣȻǴҴҪ
ոֻǲܹ͸¶ԽŮľݣû˵鱾ܹ͸¶
ǣûö೤ʱ䣬༭ı༭ǣ
ԭǸЦ־磬ĲǳľʡֻݴݣΪ˾ǵġ
û취ֲ͸¶ݣҲֻ˸ˡ
ھһʷǾԼȥ²ɡ
ΪǲԽŮƷǳľʣŻ䲼
ΪʲôҪ䲼ԭҲܹµһЩ
ңǸոտ뿪ķ糤칫Լܱ칫ҵķ
Ҫ糤ܱȥˡ
ȻЩͨ༭ûʲôϵҲ̫ġ
һӵġԽŮһС˵Ǳ༭ÿһ༭ǳģҲǳҪ֪ġ
ֻϧôʣ˶ֲֻᡣ뵽ڱʾ֮Ҳֻա
ֻǣ㲻⣬ȫǳܡ
Ȼǲ֪ǣ˴ʱԶҪܵöࡣ
Ϊǿһ㿪ͷ⣬ܵġ

뿪༭֮󣬵ȷǾֱܱİ칫ҡ
ոȻֻһСֵġԽŮһС֣Ѿ˾κˡ
벻ΪʲôѾƲ˵ѾƲ˵Ц־磬õһƷ
ֻǣûʱȥ顣
ΪⲿƷֻҪһֻ¶ʱͻ﷢ըеߣԼе౨־ܵٵĲ
̫شŻᵱϵľ
ҲҪϺ糤ܱ࣬Լλúõһ
ÿܱ칫ҵ˽ȥ
ܱзֺǺǵЦôˣһصӣƺʲô鰡
ͷ˵ܱ࣬д飬ȿ
˵꣬ݸһU̡
ӹỤȻɻȴѸٵĽU̲˵ϡر飬оƺȷʲô·ˡ
ǸԽŮĵܱ࿴֮ˡ˵
˵֮Ҳ߹ȥ׼ܱһ𿴣ոֻһС֡

Сʱ֮󣬽ԽŮһеľκ˱øҡ
ԭΪֻǿͷֳʣƽƪˣ֪ʲôֻǿͷʣǺľʳ̶ԶȿͷҪǿҵĶ࣬󡭡
Ѿȥˡ
𾪣õȥǡܱ࣬ʲôľûж
⡶ԽŮ⡭
Ϊܱ࣬һҲˣǰû顣
˺һ˵༭
׷˼˵ܱ࣬־棬ԽŮĸֻһݣ10ӦÿһֿͷѾǲð͸¶
ͷöԡ֪ͨϷءףǵ糤칫ȥھ͹ȥҲϹ
ܱ֪࣬ˡӦһ˳ܱ칫ң׼ȥ֪ͨϷСءףˡ
ϷСءףǡλֱ࣬־¶ףԪ
¶ΨһŮࡣ

ܿ죬λ߽糤칫ҡ
糤ܱࡣͬʱ˵漴΢
ţɡ糤˵
糤Ԫ51꣬ŨüۣΪϡ
Ϊ糤ԪȫΧڣҲǷ
ȻܱԼλȫΧڵҲС
һݲͶ壬Ц־Ͷģȿɣ֮˵ܱ˵
־¶ףԪ˲⣬·ϣѾѴ˵ˡ
ǣ˽ԽŮͷβĿһ飬Ҳٿһ顣
֮˵ֱԲض˵
Ҳ֪ڲ𾪵ʱ򣬶
Ҷ˰ɣ˵һ˵Ŀ糤Ԫ˵



ٰʮ 쿪ʼ
糤ԪܱԼλȻǼ򵥵
ܴʱǵﶼĪȻܹ˼Ӧβ
ȣⲿƷ϶ܿǵġϡΣЦǰ¿ҲǡǵķڣҲȻѡԽŮµһϡڵķ3򣬡ԽŮӰտʼȻҪľֹӰ󣬰Ӱɱҡ
־ŵڿԿ϶ǣⲿƷ߹ӹӦõȷһˡȻ֪ΪʲôƷͶЦȥȻˣܵҲӦõġ
ףԪҲܵ۶ҲкôģǾͺпܰڵǵĴΪ֮ܵͻֻ֪ҴܸṩõĴȻ֪ƷôֻһԽŮǩˡ
ڳΨһŮʿ¶ҲڹӹʱҪġҸ˾ҪǵģΰѡԽŮǺӰ콵С
ʱͷС˵öԣڹӹǽ顣ΰӰ콵С˻ǵġ
糤Ԫ˵ܱ˵òֻҪǰѡԽŮøҶ˿ǿ֮һ뷽跨ĽⲿƷӰġΪǲһ˵Ʒ̫ķˡ⣬־С˵޽ͨȻٹҲ֪ǻھ͸ǡҪ͡ԽŮӰˡҲӦһǡ
ͷȥ˵ɣʱֻ߲ͨͿˡ
Ԫͷ漴־һЩصۡ
һСʱ֮󣬷λ߳糤칫ҡ
ʱѾ°ʱ䡣

ʥ塣
ȻϿзѣֻýķѸ𣬲֪Ѿ˺öˣֱӸоѾЩ˲ͣ
Ѿˣ
վ˸ĵʱ򣬡ǱӦѾԽŮ˰ɣǰƷһڵġϣǲܵġûйϵ
ǲԾһ˿ȣ֪`ǡԽŮΪʲôҪЦǱ߷ȥأ
𰸺ܼ򵥣Ҫƣ衶ƣǡǣҲͬƿɽ衣

1031ա
磬ڼСʱֹһ׼ҪƳһֳ
磬ͬһֱȦҲӴ˶Է˼ĿԴˣǱҪġ
ӴȦ֮һʱһһиιȥˡ
죬111գһڵġЦҪˡ
ȻҪ¿౨־ԶԶֹЦһҡ
ȫ¼ǵʮ֮࣬ġԼ΢СһЩġ־С˵޽ȡ
죬ȫǹͬĽգǴΪڴ־
Ϊ౨־УƷߵġΪġΪһڣȫ౨־ĲƷ`ġϡ
ȫصǣȥЩƷӺû˶Դˣ൱ĸȤ
ϣȥ˹Բ䣬һ£ǹ콫Ҫе౨־ۡ
־С˵޽ȣǴἰƵߵġ
һڵġҪˣ֪׻жټұ־ȥѽ
жټأ뿴ǡ־һʵƪС˵𡷣һ߳أ룬ü
ǲġھ֡˵Ҫһģ֡С˵˵
֪Ҷʲôʱʼ飿ҶƷܸо˵ʲôƵġ
ǰµҲһڵġ޽ˣһڵġ޽ȻҲûµƷˣͬо˵ʲôƵġ
ǰ˼ĴңҲԴԴϲǣҲҪ˼Ϣʱ˵ЩҵƷδؾͻĴҲ϶
˵ҲǣЩҵƷʵҲǷǳʵġôΪǴƷΪӦеҸǡ

ҵйءЦۣ˵ۣһἰһҲǺõ
ֻǿϧ˰ҲûпκιڡЦֻƬ
Цȷǳ׵ıǸˡ
ҲΪһЩǣϾû˵Ц˵Ȼǲʵġ
ˣáЦ쿪ʼ𺽰ɡ



ٰʮ ʽġЦ
111գ峿
ȫصˣֻΪܾ򵽣Լһֱ׷־򱨿
Ȼ֮ô磬Ϊȥ򲻵ֻǵҪ翴Ĺ¶ѡ
ʵϣġֻ౨־϶ǻԴ㣬ֶϻ
ʲôʱȥǶõġ
磬һЩꡢͤϰҲͦ硣
ոǾѾꡢͤŴˣƽʱ˽Сʱ
źϰǿʼµĸ౨־Ϊ
ϰǽ־̶ȷűİںãǰ۵λãǡ־С˵޽ȡ
ȻЩȫͬ۵ĳ־ֲȫصꡢͤ϶Щ־
Щ־֮⣬ꡢͤϰҲһЩֻڱʡֻǱз۵СС־
ЩСС־ȻûʲôҵƷҲһ̶Ķߡ
Щ߻ǱŶԱر־֧֣ҲϲݣΪĳ黳ֻʲôԭڹЩ־ͬʱҲӴһֻڱط۵СС־
ȻĶ߱Ͼֻ
ԣϰڽЩ־ʱ̫࣬һǼʮϰٱӡ

ڸʡʡǣΪٵꡢͤϰ壬ڽʱҲ˳һЩֻڱ۵СС־
оͰЦ
κȫ51꣬ʡֱͤϰ壬ͤ־ΪĽֵ֣ұͤѾ20ˡ
20꣬κȫҲӵ绪ïСӣڵ塣
ЩϤĿǵĳƺҲɵġκ硱Сκڵġκ塱κ
20ʱԸıĶ̫̫࣬ҲЩһԶ޷ı䡣
ӱͤǰˣǰˡˡˡСˡŮˡ
ֱκȫԼͤϿǣС˵ԡЦһִź黳
κȫСĵĽһһڵġЦŵͤ۵λãһ20ҡ
֮԰ѡЦŵ۵λãκȫϣµġĶܹ֣ҹֻЩЦ϶ǹ
20ˣЦκȫ20ˡ
ԣǡЦѾⲻ٣ǱٵգκȫȻȻλãֻΪΪЦһûõŬ
һոµġЦ־κȫ̾һ֪ǰǷλãҪ20Ҳס
ȻĻֻ20Ż30ңЩÿڶҪ϶ߵġ
κȫ֪Щ϶֮ÿڶҪԭʵһֻǶԡЦһֲ黳Ϊ˿ݡ
ʵϣе϶ߣκȫԼڶֻһڵġЦ·һ䣬ϸȥ
ΪȷʵûжĿͷ
˵Ц糤Ѿ׼ЦתãתòȥٹھҪͣˡκȫ˵ָӵԼ˵
٣ϰ壬쿪ͦ簡һΪҪһأһʱĵһ˿ˣһ20꣬۾Сӡ
Сκȫеӡ󣬾־ǡ
κȫóһݸСӣ˵СӣһЦô
۾Сĵһˣ׼һ¡Цȡһͷ
۾Сһ߸Ǯһ˵˵ϰ壬ôʱ飬㶼üʲôЦˣĪǼ־ݣһ֮£һһȥȥһǶʲôʲôֱ̫Զˡϰ尡ɱڸʲôЦˡ
κȫΪεһЦ治ǵøСѾˡ
۾Сġ뿪֮СͤǰĿ½
ϰ壬һ
ϰ壬޽һ
ϰ壬һ־ֿԿһʵġˣڿ֮󣬼ֱ
ϰ壬С˵һġھ֡ѽֿԿˡ

ԽԽ࣬־Щȫ־
ڼ䣬κȫ˼ΡЦ
֮ԻôڣΪ֪ٹھûСЦˡ
СӣЦô
ЦҪҪû
СҲϲЦô
ϰ廹أֻ޽
С磬һڵġЦҪҪһ
ϰ壬ѾϹĵһءЦˣɱڿ˰

˺ܾɥκȫĴܡЦͰ۵λá
ȻСʱȥˣһոµġЦɻһû١
Цʽ


ٰʮ ȥ
κȫֱͤЦʽʡˡЦꡢͤͬʽ
һЦֻȴϣǵڶ졢ʱ򣬲Ż½½ȥ
ΪЩ־ˣǣ漴һЩ־ʱ䣬ȻͰЦ
ȻЩÿڶṺЦ϶ǣ򲻻ȵǸʱ
11㣬κȫֱͤ˵һλЦĿˡ
ͺκȫ࣬50ңȴԶκȫߴ10꣬һͺ
ǡЦ϶ߣÿڶǰ
κȫкȻѾˡ
κⲻѽʱͤܣվף˲ٵˣҪôרĵĿԼ־Ҫô֮ۡ
κȫЦУˡЦ֮⣬һ
ɣǸαϣûʲôƷ
κȫͷóһһЦݸ
ӹ־Ǯ֮󣬲û뿪ַšЦʵκô࣬Цȥٱˣ
κȫЦһ˵ϵǵһ
Ҳûж⣬ֻһ̾˵˵糤Ѿ׼ЦתãתòȥҪͣˡҲ֪ڡЦЦվӲˡ
˵ʱǡÿġЦ־УһƪԽŮƷ
ԽŮֵͦӱϧǣһ֮־ͰѡЦˡ
׼ˡ
κˡκȫк־뿪ˡ
ߡκȫ˵
Цȥһˣһ϶ģվȥ˲ǡ
κȫҡҡͷһλˡ
ʱ򣬱ͤΧ˵κȫĶ
һΪδϰټ౨־μأû뵽ʮҡ
ʮҾѾˣֻǳǰʮҵƷǳ֮⣬һЩƷһѽ
ǰǰıǸǰļұǷǳԵģҲѹϲ˼ˡ
һʵġ̫ˣڴôãĴ֮һ
ġھ֡Ҳȡ𡷲дϻҪʤ𡷣ֱۻҡֻϣоȡҪԲһ˿
ٶһЩʵС˵ͺˡ
ҾھʵѾˣĴ֮⣬໹кܶߵƷҲǷǳġ

űͤ˵ۣκȫǺһЦȷĻƽʱĴ֮⣬ȷкܶߵƷֵһġ
Щˣ˵ġκȫ
ȻҲ˵ġϾ51꣬ԶԶ㲻ˡ
ϰ壬һ־κȫпأһŮĶ䡣
̧ͷһһ20곤ΪƯŮվڱͤĴǰ
ŮƯƯκȫûйϵʵҪһ־
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κȫŮһ˵ͷָŴǰ˵Щ־Լѡһɡ
ŮͷĿǰ廨ŵ־ϡ
漴һ־ݸκȫ˵Ȿɡ
κȫһˣŮŵǡЦǰΪȻλϵ־Ȼ־ɡ
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Ů־뿪ˣκȫ˵ǷȻλϣЧⲻȥһˣȥĵһˡ
ȥԭǲҪ

Ů־û߶棬һվ̨ǰ
ʱ򣬴Աߵһ߳һ20ҵСӡСӱһƺҪԶţŮ˵Ͻ㣬־𣿡
ŮͷŵġЦݸСӡСӽӹ־һЩֵ˵ⲻǡûйϵʲôЦ͡ЦɣҲͳ㿴
һǡʱʻվ̨Сһæȥһһ˵Ͻ㣬ˣȥɡ
·עⰲȫŮЩĵĶ
֪ˡСӵȺд˹
뿪֮ŮҲת뿪ˡ



ٰʮ ı༭ҪЦ
ħ־磬༭
һԼ־緢еġϸϸķ飬֮ҡͷߵͬСȻûС
ͬµͷͬС֮е飬ԿˡԽŮһ㿪ͷ֮ȥϲһ¹ڡЦϣ㻹˵⡶ЦҲйĳɼ
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ͬµǳɣھȥһһߡ
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쿴ˡԽŮͷһֵ10ˣڿġûпǡԽŮ֮Ҳͬ˼Ǿ취˴ӸʡһЦ
ʡһͬЩֵ˵һѧͬѧھڸʡʡϰ࣬ǣ
һϲ˵λͬѧǱһЦȻҼĹôʷȻԼ
Цʲôͬи֣ͻȻʲôȻˣɫҴҵĲƷԡЦġѵ뿴һʲôԽŮƷ˵⡶ԽŮʲôӵģȻôȲ뿴
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ֻǿϧôʱδԸ
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һһĿȥӾĻ˵Ƚ˫ݽҿС˵ֳߡ
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Сҵһλӣܺ
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ԽŮûѽѵŵǱ־ģһ˿ʵ
ӵƺǳǹһЦ˵ǣһڵġЦ벻һڵġЦɽ¶ˮȻôһ
һۿνǳ֮ߣĴҵƷҲδص۰ɣ
Ȼ˸ոǵۣǿеġԽŮȷǳˣ˵Ǿ־Щڿˡ
֮ǰ۵ӣӵĻ̲סһЦ
Ǹո˵ʲôԽŮȷǳԡЦѾǳˬˡ
˵ʲôԽŮǾҲ̲סЦҪǿ˵⻰ӵķϣͳԳˡ
ôԽŮǾô
ǿ϶ġ
ǰѡԽŮǰҲԵľ֮ο硣
Ӽ˵ķӦ֪ǲţǺһЦҲ͡
ΪֻۿƷ֮󣬲ܸܵⲿС˵𺳣˾ǽͻٶ࣬Ҳۿϸӡ
ЩۿԽŮ֮󣬾֪˿Ϊˡ
һҲû΢Ӽˡǰ־ݸ΢ӣո΢˵֮ǰǲݿ꣬ʱȻܾȻЩ᲻á
Χĳ˿ͼ˲ۣҲعͷȥλãȻǴʱԺ˼룬ȻȫǹǲԽŮС˵ģȫĳ˿Ͷˡ
ЩƽʱҲһ
ǶΪѡԽŮ˵Ǿ̫ڿţҲΪˣӺ档
Ȼ˻Ҫ⣬ոЦˡ
ΪʲôҪϡ֣
ΪȻŬĸԼʲôЦ͡ԽŮǧҪȥ
Ȼո֣ȴǲϵֱܡ
Ǵʱϵı飬òʹ࣡



پʮ һӹ
ͳȻڸ·ʻʻԱרļʻſͳ
żͨӾڳ˿͵΢΢һЩ㵡
ǰʱһĳ˿ͻ˯
Ȼڣ˶Ǿӣʱʱ໥ۼ䣬Ҳʶǲʶ
Ȼ۵ʲôݣһոպһӣᵽǲԽŮС˵йء
˾΢ЦҡҡͷרĵĿ
ӿ¶λعͷһֹģȻ֪ǸСҪ˵ʲô
ˣȻѡԽŮٰ꣬־¶˼СӼλͷ˼ڵģ
Ҳ˼װûпˡ
΢ֲİ־֮Ҳֲİ־˳¶
Ȼ³֮ĵһ飬ȥһЦ
ǵĿĵʡڵһУǵǸǰСЦģԸȻС
¶û־󣬱Ȳ־ѰǲԽŮƷ
ܿ죬¶һϲűȲĿ
ǸСӣʱҲĿ˹
ܿ죬¶Եļ١ǸСͬˣŵġ־Լոջ÷ǳԵġ𡷣Ѿ׵ȥˡ
¶˵񣬴ʱȫڡԽŮ֪ǸСӣʱѾˡ
Ҳ֪ŵ˿ͣʱѾſαϣ쳤Ų־ϳ
ֱ֪߹Ǳߵλ˿ͣҲѾվ־ϳ
֪ʱĳﻹвٵĳ˿ͣҪϼֻۡΪΧѾû˶Ŀռ䣬òա
΢ӶһֻۣһЦ

ʥ壬Եӡ
֣һڵġЦ鼫ȵĲƽȻѾġԽŮꡣ
ǰϣԪ͸˵绰־Ѿתøһص˵˵ˣһ˵һڵġЦһ޴ľϲ
ó׼Ц˵⼸״ãòҪȥһڵġЦΪɼʲô⡣
Ц־ܹתóȥ֣Щ⡣
˵һʱҲûж롣ֻЩɻ󣬼Ȼ־綼ѾתóȥˣѵΪʲôôã
óǳãǿװġ
ȻȫûбҪҲȥǰǿװá
ֱ磬õһڵġЦǲԽŮƷʱףΪǰϴ绰ʱѵĺá
ҲףΪλῪЦ
ѲȫڿЦһ˿ġ
Ϊڸո֮ǰԽŮʱζԸӡǱʹһˣпֵܳʲô⡣
ȻѶˡԴʥ֮󣬾͸оһһãоڵ壬ʱ򶼻Ҫɡ
ѾڿЩǣʥߣɸ٣壬ЧԱȳЩ۸񰺹νĸߵƷҪõ̫̫ࡣ
Ҳʱ֣ſʼ⣬Ц־תøһصϰ顣
־ǰ죬Ҳ30תóȥģ29죬ǡþ͸Сӣ˵һЩЦ־顣
Ҳ˵뽫־תãСӵʱͱֵĶԴƺȤ
صˣ֣˼
ȻҪΪǸصϰ־ĵ磬һӹߣͶһڻ磬ξ˵ƷԽŮ
صˣӹԽŮ
ʵҲһֻͯǳ˵ͯ˵仰ڶϡ
֣˫΢Уǻ۵ĹâһͻȻЦһӹһǳ˵ͯ
ϼڳ緹ͻȻ洫ϰ鿪ĴЦ̲סʵͷӣɶôˣ
Ƭ̣֣£ֻСҪһˡ

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ŻԲ䣬΢ϸһ㣬ͻᷢ˫ֶ΢΢
ֻ֮˷ܵһ𣬡̫ˣԲ棬ھȻûᵽԽŮҽǵһһ벻𶼲ˡ
ŻԣҲǲǰֱͤκȫϵǸСţһԡ
ϲҶǴһʡµȡ
ȥ򡶴ȴ˭֪ΪһΡΡĶһЦ
֮󣬿ġЦżȻˣǾ㷭ɣ֮ٺúȥ
ȴ룬һ֮󣬾û𡶴顣



پʮ ̳
ŻԵ˺üòײŰѡԽŮꡣ
֮ڶ飬ȥ飬ȻҲ𡶴ȲĴ򿪵ԣ½Բ䡣
ΪһԣԲвɻȱһ֡
ǣÿ춼ỨѲٵʱ䣬Բ﷢
ŻȻҲˡ
ڷǳҡֽţڿԼеһ̶ܹ䶯ӱ⡣
µ飬ʱ֮ڣһڡԽŮӡ
ĻͲǵһˣڶ͵һĵλǻǷǳġ
ܽţҲҿǵ̫ãһԼΪ䶯ı⣬Ҵææķ˳ȥ
Ц־ƷԽŮı༭¥Ѫ¥֫ȫƼ
ķڽ֤ӷɹ
ӷɹʾŻصĳһؿڣһˡ
ԽŮʵĺܿͻ䶯磬ŻΪһԲƼԽŮˣҲؽšԽŮ˳׵Ļһѡ
ŻԽԽæԲ棬ҵԼոշӣԽԽϲ
ı༭仰̫ɱˣ
ŻڶԼȻ츳Ȼô˶̵ʱڣɱıأ
ңŻԻϹ࣬ȷʵСı༭ֱͤκϰеСڰšı༭Ц𣿶һ10ء
ʱǼЩ˼飬鶨Ȼģı༭ȻΪˡԽŮ
ŻԽԽЩֻ⡰֫ȫƼЩԾ
أֻҪܻһѣ˵֫Ǿ֫ŻҲԸġ
ؼǶŻ֫
ţӦаɡ

ԲΪǣΪҪҲľۼأÿٶǼʮϰǳ̬һǵãǧͬʱߣҲǲܡ
öŻմմϲǸһҲȷʵڵһʱ䣬Բ䡣
ղݣ¥ţƣΪעڲٶҪˡƷﲻ˵漶Ʒ
¥ĽڲѾһأı༭ɴ˵ĴҶˡ
Ц־ЦĽûƷ
ۿ¥֫Ƽб¾֫ƼǾ㡣
¥ϣ¥ĵ֫˵أⲻΪ˼𣿡
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ڵ˰ΪעʲôӶҷѽ
ò˵¥ĿѾﵽˣŶ೤ʱ䣿ⶼ100¥ˡ

ŻԲͣˢԼӣÿˢһΣͻϸ¥ʮ¥
̶̼ʱ䣬Ѿ500¥ˡ
ŻĺЦŻüʱڵˡ
еĻظУûһģڵ٩Ƿ
ŻԲϣ˵ԽԽá
˵ɣ˵ɡھĵ٩̰ɣǿԽŮʱЩ٩̿ɾҪݺݵĴǵڷ̵ԽףʱҲᱻԽۡ
Żڵ飬һˬ˵á

ħ־磬칫ҡ
ڰ칫ϣԱߵʵСԲйڡԽŮ𣿡
Խϰ֮󣬾ͱһʱעԲһйءԽŮߡЦӣϱ
ȻЩ̫⣬ǷǳִУʱ䣬Բϡ
ٴ𣬴࣬ʱûС
ͷüͷ΢΢
͵͵Ŀ˿΢΢üͷﰵֹôġԽŮ롶Цʲôһʱ䣬˲ʮ顣˵⡶ԽŮ⡶ЦʲôҲ־֡Це񣬡ԽŮͲ񰡡
㲻ףܿ͸ˡ
һˢһԲҳһ³ֵ۾͵һ
Ц־ƷԽŮı༭¥Ѫ¥֫ȫƼ
ԽŮ롶Цཻؼʣͬʱһ档
ң֮һֵͬĻС
ӴǿˣԭЦһ־ԽŮԭһС˵
ȻҲв׵ĵطԽŮƷǵκһλңûⲿƷ
Уǡı༭Ҳʲô
Ȼġ֫ȫƼ֫
գһ´۾һ⡣
Թ൱渺ʱʱ̶̿Լ񣬴ʱҲȥЩ벻׵ˣ˵࣬СԽŮ롶Цˡ



پʮ С־
ִĻһȻˡ
漴ͷ˵ãȥҲעѽֵ롶ԽŮ͡Цйصӣһͳơ
õģࡣ
Լĵϣ½Բ䣬һöۡ
Ӻ۾͵һ漴üͷ壬üЩŭ
ѡԽŮ˵ô⣬Ҳû˶ŭʵǵ˵ԽŮֻۣǿϧǷڡϣע˷̫ķˡ
ЩŭԭΪı༭һ仰
Ϊȫ־˲֪˲ǲˣҲ˵ġ
ߣΪ򣬾Ȼǡеʯ
ⲻǡȫԣԼȫǰ
ǿɶ
ȻڡЦķСȫǶԽŮ仰Ȼ֮Աǡ
СҲзܻٲֵܹԽŮġ
ȻԸ⣬òϣЩԽŮˣ仰ʱֻ»Ųɡ
˰
ⷢСӻǿɶ񣬾ȻҡʯֻС뵽ҡʯģ
ˣáһСӼƽô
գ˳ֵ㿪ӣӵʱ䣬ȻѾ¥Ļظˡ
ǰĻظһ飬Ȼûһ¥ģⲻûЩ硣
ԽŮôôӵ¥ȻһЦ¥ô٩Ҳν
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ڣ¥Щ٩̣˵һʱըЩţı༭ȥʲôԽŮ¥㣬ǡ˵ըеը
ɶ¥㴵ġԽŮˣҡȥʲô
ոջ˵һСӼƽϵʱֲ뵽
ţǧáԽŮӰ
ֻǣڲŸոտʼʱ죬ʱͶָԤڸԽŮ档
ֻеĹעšԽŮĶ̬׼ʱĴ
ģ߲ͬġ־С˵޽ҲͬŲ뷨
ҶһʡµңҲһ롣

ŻԵӷСʱʱ䣬ظ¥Ѿߴ4000㡣
ܴҶ֪ŻԵӣʵΪƭظƫƫԸȥظ
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ʱ򣬻ظ¥Уڳ˲ͬ
ղݣȻ¥ˣ̫ϧˡҲңľͿͤڵСЦΪʲôͲһأ
ֻһ¥ոշɹܿû˲¥֮Уûж˿
¥һݶûðһͲˣҸ¥ٶҲ̫˰ɡ
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ȻڶһûȣôҲǸڶ
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ӵĺ䶯ЧȻûеһ󣬵ҲС
ղݣ¥㲻ǰɣ㿴˼ҷӻˣҲѧ˼һ
˵һӻе˼Ҿ͵һ£ĵڶӣɵˡ
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ͬ˵һɵơ

Բǣڶӣȫ̲סҡͷҲ磬ļɵư
ֻǡ
ڶ֮½˵ĸ
һ10ƼЦֻƼԽŮӣÿӵ¥ĵķģԼԲǸƭظڡЦϿˡԽŮһ
ԲǣžЩԾ˵ɵƣǻ˵ùȥ
ڣͻȻô࣬ǾȻЩˡ
ѵǱЦ־ϵġԽŮ
˵Щţô˴ʲôֵôĵط
ҪһҲ˼Ǯ
ǣԲ½˲٣յӡ
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⣬ЩƼЦˣȻǷǳԸشġ
ǣԲ֪ˣЦڽڸʡʡڷУÿһڵķǳС3ᡣ
ȻҲеǶҪգһЩǶǿ֪Ц־ġ
ֻ൱ɻ󣬡⡶ЦѾûĿҪôܻأ
ЩصǣһЦһڸʡʡڷУÿڵķ3ĲС־硣
˲ûȤһĲС־磬ܳʲôƷأ
ټ˼ֻڸʡʡڷУǾҲ򲻵Ȼ͸ûȤˡ
ʡʡڵǣ̬ЩһȻڿЦһ־ҲЩʧҲͬ־ܳʲôƷ
ȻʡڷۣȥһһҲ޷һ־żǮ



پʮ ϻ
ʡǣֱͤϰκȫһֵ󣬴1ӿʼͤЦˣԶ
1㵽2һСʱʱڣȻȥ20౾ȫǰûЦġ
кüˣʾˣȥʱЦ
κȫɲãһʲôԭ
ϰ壬Ц𣿿һκȫ˼ʲôԭһҪЦġ
κȫ̧ͷһ٣ˣǵúҲС
ʱСӱʾûھȻҲܻˡ
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κȫһ߰һЦݸСӣһʵСӣһ綼ȷʾôͻȻܻˣ
СӿκȫġЦ۾һæץ˹˸Ƶġ
ѡЦҸ£СӲһ߸Ǯһ˵Բ̳ѾԽԽˣ˵⡶ЦһԭţԽԽǾ£ŸϽܹһϰ壬Ǯ
СӸǮû뿪ǾڱͤԱһλ£־淭ǲԽŮƷ
κȫӹǮЩ¡ЦʲôˣôܻͻȻʲôأ
ոǸСڱͤԱ£֪СӶȻȲҪ־νһֱСӿ
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˿NûУѽһøȥһأԼȥɡ
ϰ壨ĶףЦ־粻ǺܿҪ𣿽ʲôعⷵգ

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˿ͣϲ죡ϰ壬øҡ
ϰ壺

ӽ1ӿʼʡꡢͤϰ壬ȫһЦ־͸Խ
ЩԭЦûЦꡢͤϰ壬ͻȻôЦĪìܲѣѵҪȥЦˣ
ЩЦꡢͤϰ壬ͬԽ
Ϊ֪䣬ǵġЦѾˡ
ʱ䣬4㡣


پʮ ֵһ
ʡǣЦ־磬۲
ιãӶ100һڵġЦû⣬ϾͿͻ
һڵġЦӶ200û⣬͵ҪлϰһֱǡЦ֧ء
Ҫ200һڵġЦꣿУûͣǿԼ˹ȡʲôҪˣǳɣǻЩںĵ꣬ءҪˣԼ˹ȡɣ8֮ǰ뵽˾ûˡ
ﰡϽֱͤУҪȡ8֮ǰ

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۲뼸ԱֻŽӵ绰ˡ
Сʱĵ绰ֻоڸﶼðˡ
ҵˬǼ궼й龰ˡ
Щһֱںꡢͤʱ˵вٴûЦֻѾ겻ЦꡢͤҲ绰˵Ҫ
ֵ绰ԸӵģҲôˬĵ绰
еһԱոսӵһ绰ʡһġ
֮ǰȥЦȴԡЦ־ΪɣֱӾܾˡ
ζˡ
绰սͨʱܻûи״ҲЩ߰ιЦ־ǵġЦˣھ͸500һڵĹɡ
ƽʱӵ绰ƶҪһ߸ˡԷ߰ôأҵҪġ

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Է˼ӣǿӲʹˡԼȡͲҪˡвֶΡ
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Ȼǵǹⲻ˼ͻǷвȷʵûж֣ȥЩꡢͤͻ
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糤칫ҡ
ΰ˷ܵ˵糤۲Ǳ߽Ӷĵ绰ӲˣǺü궼ֹˡ
Ԫ˷ܵĹΰЦСˣĳǵԤ֮ôȻˣô˷ʲô
ΰһЦûоò˼궼ûгֹĳˣ˷ҲӦõҪǣǿ־Ļˡ
ԪҡҡͷЦСˣǲӦڿԽŮʱ򣬾Ϳ־ϣ𣿡
ΰٺһЦ˵ȷԽŮûогļ飬վ԰ٷ֮ٵķģǰٷ֮ٵķˡ
Ԫͷ˵ȷҪǲôסȣԡΪ׵־磬ȻǲϣġΣҶһʵңֻҲһѸԹӹֻܵ»ǵ־󡣡
ΰεصĵͷҪͷȻԣֻҪһһ㰾ͷҶһʵңԳݣȻҲȥЩһʶ
ˣһַǳķʽѸһʱ֮ǹЩҡ
Щң϶ǾԲ鷢ġ
Թᡱ仰Բֻ˵˵
ӹԾһһַǳķʽѸˡ
ܹЩҵĻ֮£Ѹٵ
ΰԪ˺Щģͬʱ˷ܡڴ

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Ħġһո³ӸܾͻȻ˼һһϲæ˵ԣʦ֪꣬Ǳͤɣȥ
ʦһϲȻλ˿ҪȥĵطеЩֻ֣ҪУҲæ֪֪ĺܣСӷģԾ㵽һıͤ
ʦǣλʦţϾ¶Ľɫ
ܿǾͲĽˡ
ΪոǸӵĻΧ³ĳ˿ǣ۾ȫһ
˿ͬʱ˵ʦҲǿĦġİɣġĦġҲ͵ıͤС
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⳵˵ǹֵֹģ³֮ﲻȥȥıͤʲôһкüͬʱȥ
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ǰ³ļ˿ˣ½³ĳ˿Ȼвˡ
ǣһֵ͵ˡ
ӸոͿͳĳ˿ͣˡĦġȥͬһطıͤ
˴еġĦġʦǣʱȫſˣҿȫһͳȥĵطҲͬһط
Щˣ֮ǰԲһ·ͬеġ
ɰΧЩǴͳĳ˿ͣ˵ˣȫһһ㶵ġ
٣һ˻ֵֹĺݣ
ǴʱΧˣͬ뷨



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ոһֵˣȻǳ¶һˣȥıͤȻȥһڵġЦ
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ϰץĵ绰ַ˻ȥȻЩëСĶЩԽΧԽ£
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ϰи̲ѣȴǲ˵
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ЩûпԽŮǣֻĿۣʱʱǵУյһЩڡԽŮڻϸڣǰԼŪܲѡ
ҪԸʲôпܾͻ㣬ۣһһڵġЦ־ͳǰ
һЩ˼ѣԲ̳棬һڵġЦ
߼ۻһڵġЦˣѾѣץסġЦüǮ
Ҳ߼ۻһ븮ʡѣʹһ
УǾͱ׷ˣû˻ġԽŮɲһû˿ڶһˡԽŮˣٶ࿴飿
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ҽȥ־ʱСЦû򣬵ȥʱȴѾˡ˵զͲ֪һأڰ
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ʥ塣
µĿԲڶǵۡ
вٵԣΪ֮ǰСЦȴû򣬶ڲѵʱ򣬺Ȼ˼һ
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˵ĲһԽŮ˵ΪǴһͨĴšʣµ飬ǵġͬ˵
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Ƶͷɫͬʼأ˵Ŵʷϣλӹڵ߰յúãǺʣĴľ档
˾ӿڵǾ̫źˡʦĸȴһڵߣȴһƷҵ㽭ǣ޹Ⱑ
߸ЩأȻһЦ˵ǵǿԽŮ֮жϰɣŴʷϵС˵ôдģһʲôȥԦƷڵص֮Իô˷ܣֻΪԽŮдúܡ桯ˡ
ҡͷֵĻеǡԽŮеôãǹӹܹ뵽ŴʷС˵ֻһ㣬˵츳Ŀ¡
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Щ˿ˣҡҡͷûеȥܡ
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112գ峿
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һߵȴһ죬ҲԵżҲʮֵĺгǢ
ҲǣҶô͹һйͬĿģôģҲĵһȥ
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ȻҲЩļϰ壬ǿűȵһλǰĹ˿ͻ硣
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ѱͤŴ֮ɫŸֱߵ·ƶûϨ
µ100Цڷź֮κȫипǧ죬һ֮ЦȴѾر
磬ԼܹҲ͡⡱3
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ңδļ֮ڣÿ춼20ĻͶŵг
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ϾĴҵǷǳ֮ģкܶ໹ҵ֡
ǲԼῴЩ˵Ʒ˼ҿ˵ƷǶߡ

103գ峿
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ڱͤһ࣬һ30ӣΧ˵Ŀ۵ģȫǹڡԽŮģüͷ𣬺ǲˬĺһ
Ǵһʵԣ˴һʵƷ֮⣬ֻңԼЩӽĴҵҵƷ
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ӵһ仰Χ˶ˣһ㶣Ҳûʲôʾ
Ϊ˲ϲԽŮҲ
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ϲԽŮ뿴ԽŮҲûڮ١𡷲ǡ
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ոյӿСһۣ˵ûпҪ
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ԣֿʲôڣʵֻߺдɵİˡЩԽŮѣҲҪȥ̽ˣΪûд𰸡
һǰݣһλӹˣдҪԶ߸Լ㲻ڣͲҪдˡ

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ֵơԽŮˣллǼʱվûϡԽŮԼӹĵ


ħĳߵԢ
һõĲ裬ֺǰĲ輸ϣֺǺǵ˵С֣ˣڹԵķӦǻѾʤˡ
ֺֺԺҲЦǺǵ˵ã˵ﻰһҪǶɳ̲ϣֱΡҲԼȻѡԽŮڡЦϷ¾뿴ҲŻӮɡ
󣬲÷ĵ˵ͷ
ȷѡԽŮһȫ־Ϸ˶ԿԽŮôǲ;ûôɡ
Ϊֺ˵΢ݣȻдоݣҲֻܻסЩûпԽŮˡ
ǿԽŮˣΪ˵ķǳеҲܻӰ쵽ǶԡԽŮϲƳ硣
Ƭֺ֮˵磬ΪֹԲ̳һֱû˳ƺе㲻
ЦЦ˵ûʲôģΪ˵Щ⣬϶޷ģԳʦԳԵ޹Ҫɱ󻣬۸ʷȵȡ˵ˣӹ˲ҲûгҹѾ˷ִ磬֪ôˡ
ֺͷҲǣ˵дʱ׷ëˣ磬㿴ҪҪ
ͷ˵żڶ˵õʱ

ħ־磬ܱ칫ҡ
ܱЦС˵Ǹӹߣʲô״̬ûкѡڡЦϷԽŮ
ԣͬЦȻѾҲóһˣͻȻ䱻ôǰ仹ֺңԼôǿʷûз裬ѾʺˡûкڡЦϷԽŮһ㻹˵ΪѾֻαܹⳡѣ飬ʱûȥ롣
һͷţȷӹƺЩأ⼸þְ취ҲûдһϢ˵ЦǱ߶ûмˣֻͨʼյˡԽŮͶ塣ӹ֣Ǳ
ͷȷʵˣ룬֮ӦûȽ״ϢˣҲῪͨ΢ΪԼһ΢Ǿͺðˡ
ţйעŹӹĶ̬ʱǰڹʱ

ʥ壬Եǰ
ߣԼ־ĸ߲㣬Ϊ˿ӦѾĹӹ˿̡ȷЩ
СѾͷѾͷŪЩ
ȥȥѾͷԽԽûûСˡЩεĿ˿һһԼϵѾͷ
⺢ǰʵҲСѾͷѧƤˣ
ȥݳȥˣѾͷʱСѾͷһס
Ҳ֪զģѾͷһѧ𤣬ΰ
֣һߴԼС԰һЦǺǵĿѾͷ֣Ƭ̣˵һܻƷԽŮСӿû
һӦѾͷһ˵ԽŮ˰㻹˵Ǹ߼ֱǸţҴûС˵ʡһԤУǸӹߣһΪǰ޹ˣҲûߵʦ
֣ͻȻоЩۣ˵λߣƺһЩ鷳
û취ǻ˼ʵġҵ˽⣬λߣƺûаЩ鷳ϡ
֣ҿҲǣ˵λߣʱڶѾͷˣء
һЦ˵֣ϵĿȻҳһ£ҲλߣʱӦڶѾͷ˭ЩԼֵߣûѾͷɰءǣǻ綺Ѿͷˣء
Ȼ֪֣֪ӹݡ
֣Ҳ֪֪֪ӹݡ
ֻǣ˶ĬĲû˵



İ ̳ϵս
µĶѾͷˣȻЩѡԽŮǣûôС
ڻ㲻ǹӹԣԿ˵ǡԽŮԡ
챾˷쳣ģеϸڣֻЩûпԽŮˣƼԽŮذķģԽŮһ
Ȼ磬ڶң׵ôһǶЩˡ
ԽŮС˵
ЩƼԽŮˣڿǵ΢֮󣬿һľԹǣΪʲôҪƼС˵ֱӳЦǣȻôС˵ֱǡ
ղ˸󵰵
عġԽŮǣֱһð̣죬Ͷ뵽ս֮С
Բ̳ǵս
ղݣʣǳļʣʹӹʡԽŮ
ǿЩνҵĿˡǺ˼ҹӹԽǣǲŻ˺Ｑڮٹӹڮ١ԽŮ
˼ʵʵд£ʵʵдʲô£дЩڵĹ£ޣڿЩҾ¡
ԣǧҪЩνҸƭˣֻڼʹӹҿԷģԽŮһ
ղݣȻ˴ģڸܲҪһˣȡò̿աȷֻһա

ԽŮǺߣȻЩһʼͿߡԽŮˣʱȴǷǳ˷ܡ
Բ̳ԭֻڳɣȻѡԽŮѹӹȵù񫣬ܾȱʧʲô
ڣԽŮǣΪԽŮ˵ˣǲģ˷ܡ
Ϊǿһʤս
ԽŮĴڳˣһΪŵòҳȤء
ЦˣȻ˵˼ֺˡ硢Щ֪ңڼһˣбҪȥһ𣿻бЦ𣿡
ȻԽŮĴǳˣǾ鷳ǽһ£ΪʲôһͷԳǵʦԽʹýǲͯ˰ɣ
ߣȻ趨ðԳȥǵĽǿ϶ͻĵ
ҿ˰ɣǸͽͲȫѾԽŮϴˡǧҪȥǵĺ󳾰
ղݣҿǲǱЩνҸϴˣȥԽŮ
ġԽŮǣٽһ£ͷԳΪʲôҪԵ޹ʵɱ󻣿ⲻ߲εдʲô˵ǣǾһ£ȥһǹĹӹʲôҪдǲǾǹ̵ͣдһͨǶֻùԹԽܣ
ղݣܻܲģץסЩţ˼ôྫʵĲ֣ЩΪʲô᣿
ҿɣǸ޷͡УǾͻģЩ۸ʷĵطνͣ
ҽ͸ƨ˭ǰС˵ʷˣ
ҿ쿴Ͳʼż˵໰ˡһȺԽŮϴԵĿӡ

õȻǡԽŮȫܡ
ΪԷһֱץסǼƸ޷͵İܱʲţ¡
ԽŮе־֮Щûп˸޷󣬡ԽŮֻоʹ˵ı
ڸо֮󣬷侲뵽һˣԽŮ߹ӹ
Щûа취˼ҹӹЩҲûа취
ҲãһȻӹôʰǡԽŮ뵽
ţܹԽŮߣǲЩһֱȥġ
ֻǿϧεߣڶŪѾͷһʱûЩ˵ġ

ʡǣָĳС
飡
صİеġڵϣ֮ýźݺݵĲ£ƺᡣ
⹷ƨֺǸʲôԽŮеģдЩԽŮЬʸûСߵ˵
ɳϣһ͸ӣЦǺǵ˵Ҳ50ˣⱩƢզͲܸĸģֺҪСǾ͵ˡ
̾˿ɳϣ˵ĿǹƨֺǹƨЩ⣬ƺȷýͣƫƫֿԽŮ̫֮ˡ
еҲϴθ绰Ǹѣïʵ
ïʵԾЦǺǵ˵޷ҿδء
һۣ˵ɶ˼ܽͣ
ïʵصЦ˵˵룬Ӧúܿͻվˡ



İһʮ 
ʡǣЦ־磬糤칫ҡ
ΰϴһ˿ŭ˵ΪЩνҸеҲѹּʮȥˣӡЩãûдͻԵЩ˻δͷͱЩνңֶɱҡˡ
糤ԪЦеģƺ˵Сˣ⻰ȫԣһ˵ǲѹ˵ģΪôڣҲʲô˻Ǵѹ֣е־ˣܹѹ˵ģ
ΰɫҲÿһЩ˵糤˵ûӹ赲˵ġֻǣĿǰΪֹҲûӹ˵һ仰ҪҪϵһ¹ӹǲ𣿡
Ԫҡͷãӹϰֻ¶Ǽ򵥵ˣЩ鲻ҪǲģֻҪϰ־þˡʲô飬ϰϵǵġ
ΰͷţ־Ĺģǵ֮ǵ־ܹȫۣͬһҲôΪ˷ֹԺٳ¼֮Ҫȫͨȫص
Ԫͬĵͷ׼˵Ȼʼѣյһʼ
Ԫһ㶣漴ǺЦո˵ϰ壬ϰʼˣȿϰǷʲôָʾ
һ֮󣬹ΰԪŹֵɫʵ糤ϰʼ˵ʲô
ԪЩŹֵЦϰ˵ȲżͨȫصȰʡڵ̺˵Ҫʡڵÿһءÿһ򣬶ǵ۵㡣ʡ֮ٿʼͨ
֮󣿡ΰͷµʱ䣬ʡڵ̺õȷࡣˣ糤ϰʼ飬û˵ʲô
ԪЦûˡ
ΰɻûˣûᵽڹӹ飿
ԪҡͷûСһõźţȻϰ岻ӹ£Ǿ˵ϰ͹ӹûаЩ鷳¡
ΰ۾һЦȷпܣ⻹ǳǰˣڵ˲򵥰

㽭Ȼ¥Ĺ䡣
㽭Ĵơ˾߸磬ٴס
̾Ȼҵϣڵصǣǲһпܶв˳ɳġ
ƵҪҪȥһѻǸ˳ɳڵصвͬвȻԸϣʵ
˾㽭еߣԼߣ㽭ڵеǸ˳ɳֻ»е㽭޹⡣
߸˾ֵ˼ǣȥһѻ𣿡
˾󣬼ûеͷҲûҡͷ
ֵǣڶѾԽŮⲿƷˣŵߣܹѹƵסڵγľ棬ֻΪЩߵʱץǡôټһЩԭˡ
Ƴ˵ͿλӹôˡʱѾãȻʧ룬ôעֻ꼻һ֡飬粢ټܽЧķ㲻ܳ׵Ťת棬ھһʱֻ֮ҲǸʱ򣬾Ҳûܹѹסˡ
ֵͬĿҾǲӦôҪٹ۲һ¡
ơ˾߸ȫ˼ͷ

㽭ĳסС
һλ60ҵˣվ̨ϣңڵصķ
ԵһСϣһ־ȻǡЦ
˽61꣬޳ݣͷס۲
С˵ĵߣ
һԽŮһӹηڿͻƵ⡣ȻЦˣЦúο
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С˵ĸָС˵ķչ򣬲ҴС˵֮ΪС˵档
źźʱ̫ѾڣǸʱڴѾЩġ
ԣڴ㲻С˵󣬱ʡ
ΪѾ޷ڼдˣź
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ֲźҲֲź
㽭ĴңڵĴ𣬳֮⣬ҲԽԽࡣ
οҲܵǡ
οǣ˶߽дС˵һƬٵ̬
ǵǣôߣȴûһܹͻС˵ƿٵıʵž޴Σ
ٲͻƣ·ԽԽխֱ߽һͬ
ڣӹ͡ԽŮͻȻճûκףȴ˾޴ľϲ
޷ԽŮʱľϲ˷ܡ뼤
ȴһѾȴ10꣬ʵһ𣬾һֱڵȴ
µ飬һҪȵȥ֮ŻᵽԶᵽ
ĻǵȪ£Ҳġ
ڣǾˣ˵Ǿˡ
ڵȵһ̡
Ӵ֮Ϳѣ֣ͯһܽʱ⡣
ЩֻԼĵλ棬ͼӹɱҡǣһЦˡ
һ㶼Ϊµġ



İһʮһ Ĵҳ
ڶǣֵƹӹ롶ԽŮ¼ڳͣӰҲԽԽ
ʱƣЩԥߣôʱˣǸӹҲûΪԼ˵仰ǽͼ䡣
ӹһԶˣѾ޷ΪԼˡ
Ȼ϶ڵһʱվΪԼ˵
ȻˣǺβϴߵĽŲߵǴӹһ˵һЩء
ǣԽԽ˳׷ͨ΢ɵ罻ߣʼԹӹԡԽŮԴǵǴС
ͯôдôдģϽģÿһλ߶ĺǻġ
ô壬ôȻôдֻҪдµĶעС
úһЩǣȻѾ¼һѵõĴĻˡ

ģһЩƽʱˣ֪顣
֪֮󣬵Ҳûʲôرĸоֻ֣ǸӹߣڡԽŮдЩʲôôֵơ
ֱͰѹӹĶħ
ǵǺһЦһֻǿϧ򲻵
ȻԽŮȴס˹ӹˣ֪һߡ
Թӹ˵һ飬ҲЩǣ֮ǰûԤϵġ

ֺˡңһֱڹע¼
ֻãƺЩԾˡ
ݹ¼ֺ΢ʼΪֹӹʼûվ˵һ֡
ԭΪӹ֮ûվ˵ΪӹΪһˣѾŵ˷磬վ
ڣ绹ʵУ۹ӹ롶ԽŮˣѾԽԽࡣ
һЩƽʱˣڽζ˴ǸӹдЩʲôŻôֵơ
ǵĵײһֿµ뷨
ѵһжڹӹƿ֮У֮ûվΪԼףΪ˷磬ⲻվ
ֺ˱뷨һܣӹֻһˣ˷磬ܴӦڵ״̬
ֺ˲ϵοԼ
ǣ뷨ȴʼͷƣѰ
ǣ113հƹӹ¼Ѿһ߳ʱֺٴҶļ
ͬʱˡ硢ˣҲֱȥ˴һʡµļ
ѰǣҲֻȥĴˡ

С֣ҶЦǺǵк
ֺֺлɳº󣬱Լĵ˵˳
󣬺ǺЦС֣ˡһˣܻԵġǻһ˵˵ôأκεĸı䡣
ΪץסЩԽŮ©ҲԲ˵ġֻҪԲ˵ǾӮˡǴҶ֪˹ӹˣôȹʱ䣬Ҳˡ
ֺ۾԰ôôҪĵطˡ
ֻҪӹϣǴӡԽŮץЩ©Ǽӹÿһ˶֪Ҳֻǰ״öûС
Щ©ӹ
Ȼǲϵġ
ֺ˶Ե磬ܵ
΢ЦͷֺĻá
Ƭ֮˵鵽ҲѾ๻ˣټȥҲûˡҸܡһ£΢ˡЩûзߣͲҪٲκˡ
ֺһɳ簲š

ͬʱˡ硢ҲȻҲλõƵĴ𰸡

113գ6㡣
ĴҶһʡ£ͬʱһƵ΢
λߣװǣҹһλ߹ӹԼġԽŮۣѾһ졣ڴˣҺҲҪټˡ
ȻԽŮеЩʧ󣬵ȷ˱Ƚź
ⲻǹӹģӹҲǿλߣҲûж˼
һжֻΪһλˣڴϳʧҲġǲӦΪӹһЩʧ󣬾Ͷȫ񶨡
ΪҺ͵ΪֹˣҾͲҪȥŹӹˡ
Ĵҵ΢ΪӹףΪӹ˵ʵȴǸε¼һͻýһĵƹӹ¼״ﵽ߳
Щ˴µǣһܣĴҶˣһǳ׵Ӯˡ
ЩΪԥûüµǣڲѡ
֪ĴҪ֣ԼԥƨںˣĴҷôҲҪټˡ
ҪٲȥȻͻĴˡ
ȻĴҵĻ˵ÿĸ߸ҲӣҲȦˡ
ȻǲҵĴңԿɲôࡣ
ĴȻҲȥôۡ
ЩһֱڵơԽŮսϵǣΪĴҵ΢״ﵽ˸߳



İһʮ ӹվ
Բ̳
Ĵҵ΢Щڮ١ԽŮˣһ˷ֱܵС
ǱžԵƣڸ绢˲ͰѡԽŮǣ׵Ĳ˽£ֵûС
ԽŮȻûзҲķһЩνңֶɱҡ
ڵȣǸӹߣվһɱȥ
ţǻȵġ
ʵϣڵȴӹվˣԶԶֻԽŮǡ
ȫвȻǣҲڵȴӹվţܹǵ˶ֵƵˣԲͨˡ
뿴һ˱£᲻վ˵һЩʲô
ȫвٲҲڵȣͨ¼֪˹ӹˡǵȣֻΪ˺棬ӹ᲻˵Щʲô
һЩڮ١ԽŮˣҲڵȡǵȣȻϣܹӹ˵һЩĵĻԭ£Ѿ֪ˣҷŹ
ҲڵȡǵȣȻϣǴһϣҵһЩкԽС
˵ȫˣŸԲͬĿģڵŹӹվ

ʥ塣
ȫ˶ڵȵĹӹҲĴҵ΢֮ͷȻλҶѾˣǾ˵ȷѾˡ
ڵǰ°ֺͣǺǵġ
ֺһĵ֮ûڵһʱվȥĵȷȷڵ¼Ӱ
Ҳţ¼Ӱһ᲻ġ
ΪԷΪذɣȻҲϣ¼ӰԽԽá
ôԷȻͻᱥ飬־߾ȫĴʹ¼Ӱ
ֻǲ֪һжԤƵУȻ¼ʼԤЩƫյĽ𲻴
ʼЦѡԽŮͶȥʱ򣬾ѾԤ뵽ˡ
ı༭ǿˡԽŮǾ͵ڴĸ߲㿴ˡԽŮ
ĸ߲㿴ˡԽŮôµҶֺߣȻҲῴԽŮ
ǴҶߣȻϣԽŮ߹ӹͨԽŮ
ԣһԹӹԼԽŮȡҪж
⣬ҪģҲҪơ
Ȼ֮ԸΪܶԷȡʲôжбʤİա
ЩжӰҪġ
¼һ
ȻҶǣڡԽŮӶȡκεж
ҲûйϵԽŮֻͨЦҲһֻٶȻ΢һЩҲҪһЩȤˡ
ҪôҶǣԡԽŮӶǲܵġ
ʵҲȷˡ
Ϊڽ¼˿ûзϡ
Ϊбʤİա
ڣ¼ӰѾˣҲҪ׼ʼػˡ
ҪػҲѾ׼ˣԹӹݿͨ΢ԼԲ̳͵ʺš¡
¡ʺſһأΪ˺Щ⡣

Բ̳
ԽŮķ˿ǣڿȴŹӹĳ֡
ͻȻ
һʺš¡ӣ˲еġԽŮ˿˷ܲѡ
ȻҲǵע⡣
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ĻظҲһѸߡ
ۣڵȵˣҾ֪ӹһǵģҲлл´Ϣ
ӹվˣҸϽȥΧ۰лл´֪
̫ˣһӹһѹȥġ
ϽϽҶȥעӹ΢

ԽŮķ˿ǾϲѣЩڮ١ԽŮأҲܾϲ
ӹڸվһΪһӶվءߣߣҲȥƣǵĹӹ˵Щʲô
ÿҲ֪ȻǿͷϴŹ¡
˾ʵʱܴҲȥΧ۰ɡ
ţ

ӹڸ΢Ϣ˲ʹԲ䴫棬ٶԽԽ죬ΧԽԽ㡣
ǱĿڵȴӹˣ֪Ϣ󣬶ڵһʱϢתȥ
ܿ죬ԽŮķ˿֪ˣڮ١ԽŮ֪ˣ֪ˣ֪ˣҲ֪ˡ
ڵȴӹվ˶֪ˡ
Ҳȫѡˣڵһʱȥעӹ΢
Ҳȫ˹ӹĵһ΢
ҺãǡԽŮߣӹ



İһʮ 飬Ů鳤
ҺãǡԽŮߣӹ
˿Źӹĵһ΢ȫһһ㶵ġ
ȥ֪Լڴһʲô𣿵һ΢ͷôһ
ԽŮķ˿ǿЦã磬һòã
ڮ١ԽŮ˹Цڻװƣҵһˡ
ԣ벻򲻽ݸĵͦ
ЩǾЩüˣ΢Ӱѵǿ򶨣
ֺüͷ壬Ŷĳʵ磬ɶ˼
̬Ҫãڵľ˵޼£ʲôҪ˵

˵ĵȴУӹĵڶ΢ڸˡ
ϵĸл֧֡ԽŮֹ֧ӹǣɰĶߣллǣ
ԽŮůģһƺҲɢ˲١
ǱֻǡԽŮԣѾһӹԵ˼ˣͿӹܴܲǷɱȥˡ
ڮ١ԽŮˣһڸʲôɿɻأ
ǿӹĵڶ΢󣬷ǰüͷչˣԭˣԭ⣬øѡԽŮץסǴӡԽŮԣӹԣΪԺ·̵档ľ֮£뵽һ㣬Ҳܿɹ󡣲ʲôãԺָͨһԳͷɣ
ȻֺȿԽŮңһֲ̫õĸо
ӹ˵ľûΪһε¼ܵӰ죬ôͺпܴڶڡԽŮƷ
ʱץסڶƷ©ƾûôˣԸͲˡ
ӹ˵ľԻΪ¼Ӱ죬ӶѴõƷӹҲͲΪˡ
ֻôԽԽã˵ľûܵʲôӰ죿

˸˼䣬ӹĵ΢¯
кܶ˶˵ͯ˵Ҹ㡣Դˣֻ̾ϢһǿʮȴʼûŪСȻͯСӿġôأûл룿û㽹е飬Ů鳤ôҪʵ֣𰸾ǡͯ˵ͯǳ˵ͯ
䡭
˵ӹǰ΢ڹҶڴơ
ô΢һ
е飬Ů鳤
ǳ˵ͯ
Ŀ仰
ָ֮еѪӿԴ䡱һ¾ըˡ
ǡԽŮǣŶӦ˵ǹӹǣ仰Ѿǳ׳Ϊ˹ӹԡ
Ϊ仰ѪӿͬѪڣ֮ԽԽˣѾԾԶתΪӹԡ
ΪģΪԽŮôֻΪе飬Ů鳤ֻΪǳ˵ͯ
ǾԸΪӹԣǾΪӹԣȥһе飬Ů鳤

ˣҲΪ仰鿺ܣ֮жΪŮ
֮ǰΪ˽ȫѺڡڣȫǱѩޣȫǴɱɱ
ǵȤ
Ȼڣӹǣֻбѩޣֻдɱɱ飬жŮ鳤ͯĳͯ
ѵ
Ůܰ룬ܰͯǾãǻӦȥпһˣһ˵ͯ硣
ȻֻȥӹĽ

Щڮ١ԽŮͬͷƤ飬Ѫϳ塣
ȻǲǴʱ巴ӦƺѾǵĿˡ
֮ǰȻڮ١ԽŮڮ١ӹ˵ףҲԣ仰ɱͬ޷ֵ
ǵĸñ˻ҡ
ΪԭֻĵȴŹӹ˵ĵĻȴ˭֪ô䣬ƶѪڵĻ
һʱ䣬⡢ϲ˷ܡʵȵȶӵȫһԵı˳
ָоɣΪ˵Ҳ

һǣʱȫɵˡ
ǳ˵ġͯ
⡢⡢⡭
֮ˣΪԼ֮ǰáͯȥйӹմմϲ
ҲһΪץסһӹ޷Ҫ㣬Ѿڲ֮ء
ʵ۵㣬Ҳȷʵǵõ˵Ͽɡ
Ȼڣӹǣͯǳ˵ͯ
仰ǶԻǴǺ˵仰Ǵģôܻǳ˵ͯأ
ȻҲ֪ףѾ졣
ӹֻһ仰ֻ飬Ů鳤ѾˣѾ㹻Ťתڵľ档
²˵һ仰ǡԽŮеɴڣҲѾˡ
û֮ǰ¼ԼҲΪ仰ϲֻ֣ڣ
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İһʮ ӣ
ħĳߵԢ
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ӹ΢ֵܻݣǿǴǵΪǲҪŴԣ֤ԽŮдǾԵľʣֻǳϿҵĵǸ˵ԼһˣЩطȷʵǲܵȵȡ
ЩǶԽܣǹӹĵ΢
ֺ˺ȻеЩ֪ҲϹӹһλţɴûӹŵ˿µĳ̶ȡ
Щôģ˵ģ
ԼʮصΪʲôûĸ
漴뵽ӹǳ˵ͯһ˵Ϊ˽ͣΪʲôڡԽŮԳὣһǵʦ
ĻȻҲǿн͹ȥҲܣϾʹõķֶΣͶȡ֮ӡ
һӹȻˣҲû䡣
뵽˲ַ

ӹ˵΢֮󣬲û̫˷ʱ䣬ַ˵΢
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ӹһ΢һֱӾɵˣɶ˼ģ
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Ҳǣûйĸ֣һ£ӹһιĳɶ˼
ҲҪΣϸιг˹ŮԬԳȴȻ忴ɶ˼⴦ŮԳѵӹԽŮеǰ࣬밢ʦͷԳʲôϵ
ףǡ⣬ɶ˼ֿѽ
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ֺҲ۾æǰҳʼѯ
һ߲ѯһղݣӹǸʲôдС˵ѣô߰Ķʲô
һֺ磬һλļأһֲ
һȭصɳϡ
ȻԹûԣҲûȫһιĵ˼ⲢҪȫ
ԭԳὣʷصģȻ϶ʵģȴǳԡԽһ͹ˡ
Ц֮ǰһֱΪԳ̽ǹӹܱ׵©֮һڣڡ
ɶ񣡡һνȭͷصɳϡ
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Խⲿк֪֪ܶⲿɶ׫дģ˭֪
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漴ֺֿһֻۣ̾ǣֺǾûôˣӹǸ
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ɳϣ̾С֣ȰԲ̳΢ɾɣʣµ취
ǣ磬⡭ֺģɾӺ΢ǲԼԼ𣿶һǺص֡
ֺҲȫ֪ҡ
ڽΪӹһιģŵɾӺ΢Щ߻ôǻôЩֵֻ
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ֺɳϣȻ֪˵ֻǰ󲻹ʱ䣬ȴѾϵµľ޴󷴲޷ܡ
磬һ롣ֺ
šͷʱҲΪ
ͬʱˡҲֺһһѵѡ



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ǣĳסС
Ǵѧʷϵ죬Źӹĵ΢΢ЦŵͷǸӹߣʷӦоģȻ֪ôƧĳ
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Ȼ죬ȴڻԵɺ֮£ֵ֪÷зĵƹӹ¼
֪ЩƹӹˣѡԳὣΪӹ©ʱ˲Ȥ
¼ǰ˽ֶ֮Թӹ˺ܸȤȻҲԡԽŮⲿƷȤ
ڣ˹ӹ΢ԼǶ΢ǣ룬ҲԼ΢ϸһݡ
ŮԽŮҲһ죬ԽŮҪȥԽ·żһԳΪԬ̣Ԭ˵˵ʹһԡԽŮ˵Ҳ빫֮ǣԬ֦Ϊ֮ԬԽŮԳȥԣԬֳ֮ΪԳΪҹŴ˵ý֮ˣ䱾ɫʡӹԽŮ֮
΢Թӹĵ΢˼򵥵ķ룬ˣϣһۡԽŮԸ
죬ΪǴѧʷϵĽڣȫߣ˿ʵ١
ԣ΢һ֣㱻עŵƹӹ¼Ƿתء
ޣȻڣڷ˹ӹ󷢳Ĺġ
Ҳ뿴ԽŮҿ˭˵ԽŮС˵
֪ӹιĵ˼ˣԭӹ趨ԳΪʦУʷ׼Ϊݵġ
ȻҸողһҾ˵ӹιģȻ࣬ԼԳʦйء
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ˡΪӹԴιģԹӹԭιĵı⣬ǾǵúʦԳѾǰĶ֡԰ԳŻҪɱʱ򣬲а࣬ߡԳΪʲôҪɱ󻣿ûλܹһ£
Ҽǵ˾ץסˣԳԵ޹Ҫɱһ㲻ţѪ˵ǹӹڲεдʱҲΪӹڴʱûע⵽һ㡣Ҿùӹд϶ʲôԭ򡣡
Զԣӹдһԭġλ˳һ£Լ̵ͿҲͰˣȻҳָӹ󡣡


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Ҳ⼸Ϣʱü˼ѵӹдʲôԭ򣿡
֮ǰҲһֱΪǹӹΪһˣڴʱµëڣԥˡ

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˵ԳҹŴ˵ý֮ˣ䱾ҲкŨɫʡ
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Գ֮Ը⴫ڰɼҽΪ౾Դ桢ûܵκ׵Ⱦ
Գʵ찢ɵ
ֻǿϧڷĳ֣మ˷󻣬ԭûܵκȾŮܵ׵Ⱦ
ԳȻԸⰢȾŻῴƺɵҪɱ󻡣
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ӹȻô̫ţ˰ɡ
˵ӹô˼Щôö˼ȻҪ¼䣬ⲻǺ˼𣿡

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ڻ˵ԽŮ۸ʷһ㣬ֻܡǺǡͶýͣţǾͻЩˡžžžڵϡ

Ҫ˵˷ܵ˭ɾԭԽŮԣֹӹǡ
֮ǰȻһֱŹӹһŤתǰľ棬ʵǷǳģϾЩңЩڡԽŮ©ǿҲȷʵ©
ǹӹվ󣬹ҲѰЩ©͹ȥʹȡɵķʽƹȥ
ȴ룬ӹվ֮Ļػ˵ѪڣһеһеĶ׵׵ѹ˻ȥ
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۸ðԽŮС˵ʷףѡԽŮʷСӿ鿴ɵ˰ɡ
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ңӹʲôǽ
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伸أŮҲ顣
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ҿ10Ȼڲʲôǽӹ󣬴Ӵ֮Ҿ˷ۡ
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һ΢֮ԭԣԥĳΪ˹ӹķ˿
ȻڹӹֻһƷԽŮ˻Ǽ΢ϵĴҴҼ䣬ȴɢջ
ƾǴҴҼ䣬˳Ϊʵķ˿
ΪţӹһΪǴһһĽ磡
ڹӹĽ磡



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糤칫糤Ԫסҡͷпãðһǳ˵ͯһ˵ĵطн
ΰЦǺǵ˵糤Ѿпˣ˲ٵѣҪء
ԪЦСˣпĴɲ١ߣһȥתһת˳һЩѣǵ־磬Ѿܾöûôֿ
ΰͬЦҾ֪ϻľ
Ԫֵ˼ҿȻϲ֡

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Ͻڶ̲סһ˿˷ܣôҹע˷ܵߡ
Բ̳ڹӹһ΢֮ٲȻΪ˹ӹר̳󲿷ֵǹڹӹֻǹڹӹ΢ĳһ仰ġ
һʱ䣬ӹĹâǹеߣ˶ԹӹĽ磬޵ڴ
ȻӹĽ磬ֻѪڵĻͿγɣԺ󣬹ӹҪһһʵƷȥÿһλߡ
ڽȴֻڹӹһˣֻڹӹĽ

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ţƷڸֹ߳
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˵òӦøеˡйӹĸѾһµƷ˼ܲ
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˾߸˶һۣǺǺһЦҲͬԼµƷ˼



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ʥ壬Եǰ
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ϼȴæ̧ͷķȥȻЦǺǵԽԽﻹһӡ
ѽ緹û߽ϼЦʵ
Ụ̋ճԹһߴһ߰ŵĴӵݸϼǼ㣬ϰȥʱһˮģ10أҸ˼
ϼֽӹӣЦɣаһɣأȻȥͰš
˵꣬ϼŴӻȥˡ
˳ǰһŷϣժһѣ߳Ա˵֣ϣϸϻûл
֣һ߼æһߴż죬ƻõϸʮŻ
Ƭ̣֣ƺʲô˵ƺвٵý壬˹ڹӹ飿
Ѿķѿˣвٵý塣ȥľЩݣҲ֪дʵĶ
֣ЩεĿһۣڴҶ˵ӹ֪һƷ׼ʲôʱƳ𣿡
Ӧûܿ죬һڵġЦҪʼˡ
ֵ֣һڣ1115ţ
ҡͷǣ118š˵Цϰ壬ѾѡЦΪܿˣԺһ
118ţ֣ͷ¿ļʱȷ̫ˡˣһѣӦ֣ԹӹƺܸȤҪһ㿴⣿
΢΢ͷ֣Ļе⣬ǺЦС˵һҪӹӹΪһȻӦøеҲǡһӦǹӹȥݷ˼Ҳǡ
֣Ц˼ںĽ˼ҵǴСסһʱ䡣
ҪӣǺ°ԽԽ
ٺЦ£֮˵ǰҪӾԣӭӭ
Сӣ֣Цһ䡣
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ȥתһȦ
ھũׯҵպùһڣһڵĹ۲죬ӵο֮ǰ࣬ԽԽοĽ
ڣ˴Ӹɽ֮⣬ԵСũׯ߲ˣ׻ͷؾ޵Լ˵еķ˵ȵȣ޲һһοǰ
׻ͷؾ޵Լ˵еķ˻󣬵ԵСȴο͵ıȥ֮
ڣԵСṩ׷ʹõĴףѾڿռֲĿռˮ
׷һӨ͸ԲһСƵģʵǲʡ
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ֻԷԲˣҲܳԵŲΪֹ
׷10Ǯһ룬ǾԵļۡ
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ֻ˸еǳźǣũׯﲢṩ׷Ĵ
ҪԵ׷ȫֻԵũׯԵСһҡ
ڣ򲻵߲ȴǿ򵽣Ȼһֻ20Ҳܳϼˡ
ԣũׯĸ߲ÿ춼ͥС
Ȼ˵ľũׯ߲ˣһһȥ񫣬ǻûġ
ȻĿˣҲȫǳʳֻ׻ġ
ũׯҵ֮ʦԵũׯׯͬһ˵˵ѾԽԽʵ
ңôȥˣʦԵũׯׯûг˵һ£ЩĬϵ˼
ʹԽԽȦеˣʥ壬ҪݷԵũׯׯ
֮ЩˣҵļԵũׯׯЩʱԵü
ЩȦе֮⣬ײĸ֣Ҳ⼸׷ʥ壬ֻΪѰһ˿ܴڵĻԵ
ڣƾʦ׸ҵδΡ롶󺣡Ѿһľưɸ֣һԾΪ˻ǡ
һĻᣬûһλײֲĽ
Ҳûһλײ֣Ϊһ꣬һ롣
ʥ壬ʵ룬Ψеһ
ÿһλʥĿˣͬҪĿģʥ˵ԵũׯӰѾԽԽ



İٶʮ ڴ
ʥ壬յڴй䣬·Ϥοͣĸкһׯ
΢ЦŻӦЩοͣȫܽ֡
ũׯҵ֮
кܶʶοͣȥίƺλصִʦ
ԴˣЦϣҲϣֻ˵ֻԵũׯׯֻׯɡ
ȻϣټϴҲȷʵΪׯϰˣԽģҲͲټʦˡ
ЩרǰѰʦˣҲǳֻƺΪׯǼʱҲᡰʦĸ֡
Ҷ֪ʲôνĻԵ
ԣڴвٵοͶʶҲȻյĵй䡣
ŹţֻͻȻһǺɴġ
ݣɶ¶˳ˣͨ绰ֺǺǵ˵ƺܲ
ϵ˵ģϸһ¶ɵӵ绰ͷ
ϸ磬˵
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ŶϸҲϲ
ϲȻϲҪǣϸ뿴һԽŮʲʺĳɵӾ硣
ԭˣɣǴҾ͸һȥ
Ҿ֪ϵæ׼û⣬лĻϸͲ˵ˣء
˵绰˼һĳɵӾ絹Ǹ飬ȻԽŮƪ̣̫ܶʣһһĵӾ㹻ˡ
ֻǶ磬ʵǷǳĵۣƣǷװͣʵ̲סҪ²һٱ顣
Ȼ⵹˵ûкõĵӾ硣
ʵϣ磬һЩӾ㻹Ƿǳġ
֮ǰʷ硶ɴ桷ͦõġ
ֻ緽棬ûкõľ籾ټƣװַͣϵľ̫󣬲ĳĿ
ҲС˵һεסˣĳõӾأ
ԺԼҪƳЩС˵ɵӾʱҪԼ԰ѹزС
ϾӫĺûһС˵˵ҲǷǳҪġ

ڴһȦ֮󣬱ص˼򿪵ԣԲһ䣬ֵ֮½ӹ΢һЩظ¿һ¡
Щ֮֣ȫصǣҪԽŮǿԸ
һʵԤ֮УҲҪҪЩԵԸ
ҪǾڡЦһڷ֮󣬰ѡԽŮϣѹۿ
ҵԸ
мԭ
һһڵġЦϣһƷͽʼأǰѡԽŮϣҲӰ쵽һڡЦ
ԽŮΪƪ֣ʵҲʺϷϡ
ӹȼ΢֮ںܶԶһֿ״̬ԹӹС˵Ǵڴ״̬ҾþöûпκһӹС˵ôҶڹӹС˵ڴɾͻ½ࡣ
ġԽỤ̊Կƾ䣬ҿ֮󣬾ԻԹӹʵС˵ڴҲһξѵĹᡣ
塢ͰѡԽŮǣӹ͸ǵһݼɡ
ȻѾ˾ͰЦԪ͹ΰ˵һ£֮΢ϹϢ
أǿ֮һǳ˷ܰɡ
ڶǶԡԽŮڴ֮⣬һЩЦá
Ǿǣʲôǿ䣿ʲôǾ澭
ոֻǴԵĴһ£ʮӣǹڿ澭ġ
е˵ǽʥأе˵ľ֣е˵ǽɫŮĽţΪ˵õǣѪȷ硭
һ٣˭Ȼ澭ǾɫŮΪ˵õǣȷʵѪȷ硣
Щֻҵˡ
ҲбҪ΢һ£ѴҵۿȷķΧ֮ڡ
գȸЦ־Ԫһʼ֮ùӹ΢һϢ
λװǣ֪Ҷǳ뿴ԽŮΪںЦ־֮һϢҪߴҡ
Ǿ118գһڵġЦ֮ҽѡԽŮѷԲ䣬ʱ򣬻ӭǰȥۿ
⣬ҷԣ˵ġ䡯롮澭ܸȤ
ôڴˣҾͼ򵥵˵һ£䡯롮澭ǵŮڽѪȷѧ䡣ǶδС˵֮УҾڴ



İٶʮһ ͬʱ
ĳУĳһ칫¥
ݷĳӰ¥ĺʦרΪͻĻɴսкͼ
һȽϿĹݷһϰߣͼĹУʱʱĻ͵͵ҳһʲôġ
һλ˵ԣԲҲȥһط
ֻǽ죬עȴǹӹ΢
쿴˹ӹ΢֮Ѿһ˵Ĺӹˡ
Ըܹ쿴ԽŮֻϧ븮ʡ̫Զˡ
˵ԽŮ֣Ҫǹӹܹϣôͨѵʽۿͺˡݷ뵽
漴͵͵½Լ΢뿴һӹ΢ûи¡
ӹӹ΢￴ʲôֻϰߣ̲סʱ뿴һ
һֹӹ΢ĸ֮ݷһ㶣Ƭ֮󣬲Ÿеһϲ
ѹӹµ΢꣬ݷΪ̫˷ܣ̲סĴ󺰳̫ˡ
һͻأĴ󺰣ڼžİ칫Եø̶еͬȫ䲻һԵһ
ݷЩεǸ֮Ѹٵĵ½Բ̳һӡ
ҶЩеûˣӹ΢ˣҸϽȥΧۣдϲ
ܿ죬˻ظ
𣿹ӹ˵ʲôʲôϲ
У¥ˣѾ֪ˡ
ۣ8ͿԿԽŮˣ̫ˣӹ䡣
ȵȣѵ˵118ŵһڡЦϣйӹƷ
ӹ΢˼ȷô¶
ð򲻵ЦУһҪ취Ūһ
䡯롮澭Ȼѧ䣬̫ţ˰ɣ⿴־͸оӡ
ӹ˵δƷУδʲôʱ򰡣ǹֱ


ӹһ΢ڱԽԽ˿
ħĳߵƵ䡣
ĴңҶһʡڴˣѹֺء
ҶüôͷƷˣλô
һʵ⵹ûʲôֵģڷԽŮ֮ǰѾ׼Ʒˡֻʱ̫죬ҵЩð졣
ͷȷ¼Ȼû̫Ӱ죬Щ۵ǵĹϵȴЩ΢ҲڹؼʱڡڹȫкܶԶڶǣڵ־磬ͬ8ŷµһڡӹ飬ȴûһ˷飬ǻвٵˣ˵ЩǵӰ첻С
³ֶƷأҶֵƷҲŸոؽΨҵƷ׼ʱҿˡԽŮ֮һȫµ򣬲Ѿ뵽ҵƷСҵǺȤƷӹĶһ
Ҷ󣬹Цȫµ򣬼ֶʮص飬ֵƷضʶĿδؾͻȹӹƷ
ҲЦӹͲ󣬼ţ봴飬Ҳ޷ҵȣҲֵƷȹӹƷʤһҲĲ
һǾԤףֵ𣬸ǹӹһСӣҲЩǿΪʲôǻᱻ֮ΪĴҡ
˵úãɣͬʱ˵
漴˽һ˲

㽭ĳƵᡣ
㽭Ĵңơ˾߸ͬһԹӹճ֮Ѿ˶ˡ
ûа취ӹǲò߶ӡ
ӹ8ŷ飬ڵصĴھ¼֮Ҳѡͬһ췢飬Ի֮Ĺϵ
ƵһȷǶȻҲµƷҲС
˾ôô죿һڵڣǲò
߸ɲɣڵͬ8ŷµһڣҲڿҵƷҲѾ׼óһʱˣ⼸ϹӹĸֶƷȫµĶλ˼·ҵǺȤǶһ
۾һǶ֪߸һֱ׼Ʒ
ƷѾټ⼸µĸƷɻһΡ
Цôһ㽭Ҫˡ֣һλ֮ǰЩһ򲻿ɴ⡣
߸ͷһλȷһǹӹڡŸȤ𣿡
ƵǹӹȻϾֻһƪ봴޷ȡƪãгƪһܴˣζȻʤһ
˾ЦôһǾڵؿһ㽭Ȼڵ
˾˵ļǣͬʱ˵˵ֶǹһЦ

ڵĴң㽭ĴңȻѾĦȭơ



İٶʮ ܱȴֺ
죬ȫǶеǳ˷ܡ
ǹӹ΢˵118죬ԽŮϣѹۿһһ췢顣
ţĴ֮һ£΢˵Ҳ118ŷ飬ҵʱ֧֡
⻹û꣬㽭Ĵ֮һ߸磬Ҳ΢˵ҲҪ118ŷ顣
λҶѡͬһ췢飬˵һϲӡ
˷ܵǣѡͬһ췢飬Ȼиմ޵˼
Ʒڴ
ΪеǶ֪֮Ĺϵ˼
ӹ֮䱾Ѿˣּӽһ߸磬͸ӻˡ
ڵصǣȻ㽭ĴûƫҲвǵۣҶ֪ص֮䣬Щ϶
㽭ߣڵ߲мһˡ
ڵߣ㽭ͬûʲôɫ
ԣ֮䣬ÿһ˶ˣӦǳӹϵ
ò˵ǳȤ
֮һޣҲעǳľʡ

ħĳߵƵ䡣
ĴҴʱûȥ
Ҷߵڵ£ʲô֡ǻΪ㽭Ȼڵɡ
һЦҲ֪ڵѾˣֻӣϲϰˡ
ҲҲһҲΪڵأЩˣ߰úܡ
µΪȻһˣǾǺúõĿһڵʵˡ
˵òٸһͬʱ˵
漴һһ

㽭ĳסС
λ֮ĴޣҲǷǳĸȤ
뿴ӹһƷô֮⣬Ҳ뿴߸磬ʢң˹ӹ֮䴴ϣûʲôͻƣ

ʥ塣
°ֹͣƳһƷʲô֡
ûжȤǴʲôޣΪӮ̫ˣûʲô˼
ҪƳһƷһƪƷ
ѾƷǰ£Թӹ巢Ԫˡ
ʱԪΰӦѾˡ
֪ڵΣӦò̫ðɡ뵽
Ȼ֮Բ²Ԫΰʱ鲻̫ãΪҪƳһƷá
ΪһƷʼձһֱߵΧơ
ͽ߱ʦɱŮޡ
еԳªһƷչ¶ɡ
ֻǰ¹ȥԵĳªѾʼչ¶ߵѾγɡ
κ˿֮鶼á
ҪƷȫ꣬Ҫһ
Ϊ֡ҡʼչᴩȫ飬ˣ治һꡣ
ȻֻСҡȻͲܻǰˡ
ʵϣһƷд̬дģдǣԶԶһС˵ıַ룬ǡ顱ܸ
һܱңȴַǳ顣

ʡǣЦ־硣
Ԫΰˣǰ¿֮˵ﶼöµûš
ǳıǳܣָоܲá
˺һ֮Ԫ˵Сˣô
ΰǰоЩŰ֮˾µûšǹӹģͻǴƯķ̣һɨ֮ǰơ
ԪҡҡͷôоӵģԸҵĸоǴġ

118죬λҽͬʱ飬Ϊ˽ȵĻ֮һ
ңֻڽļʱҲһֱֱ117յϣﵽ߳
ڵ7ˣ⼸ʱ
ôġԽŮڿԿˡ
ôͻȻεĴе㲻ƽ޽롶ȫۣͬЦֻڸʡۡ
ֲǱ־ʲôЩˣ޷ڵһʱ俴ӹƷ⵹ȷʵǲƽ
УͿ£ǼһεƷȻȹӹ˵Ʒ
ղݣ¥µҰµҲῴһͦϲġ
ٺ٣쿴ˡԽŮ֮󣬻ͻûȤˣֻӹ顣
Ҳֻӹ顣ҾҲã߸ҲգǼȻҸӹа壬ǵҲ
ҹǿ˹ӹġԽŮ֮ʲôɣŶԼôţҸӹа塣
ղݣǹӹĳ˵ǵʦˣͽܸʦа壬Ҳ
¥Ϲ˵ĸһ˭ʤ˭һء



İٶʮ Ǿ
118գ峿
ܶԶһú磬Ǹʡǡ
ΪǱҪ磬ȥһ򵽵־Ц
ȻЦĹٷ΢˵졶ЦͶ50ᡣ
50ᣬȥƺ٣˭֪ȫʡжˣŽġЦء
Ϊ˷ֹΪȥû򵽶ڣвٵ˶÷ǳ硣
ڡ޽͡ÿһڵĻ㣬ǲ򲻵
Ȼ˸ʡԣʡͬúԡ
ȻΪ򲻵־ģһ־õ֣һ㿴߸Ʒ
û취ʱ򲻵ЦҲֻȿ߸Ʒˡ
⼸ʱ䣬λҴ޵գȾúŨҡ
λĦȭƣҪƷһϸ¡ǸԵҷ˿ҲƲԼż˸ſ¡
ʵϣǣڵغ㽭Ĵ󲿷ǣҲע
㽭Ȼţ߸Ʒܹѹڵصӹһڵصʶ㽭Ȼڵ
ڵǵ˼ԶԾҪһЩˡ
Щ֮ǰ¼Уӹߣǣ߸ܹӹֻ߸硣
ûл߸磬Ӧϣӹ߸أǲϣӹ߸磿
ԼҲһЩìܡ
Щߣ򲻹ܹӹ˭˭ֻҪܹ߸Ϳˡ

ʡǣãĳͤǰѾΧ˲ٵˡ
һߵȴϰǰţһ졣
˵Ҷ׼Щ־
٣ҪȻ뿴ǹӹƷȻڴޣȻҲҪ˽һ¶ֲǡ
ǺǣҲǡҪ뿴һ£߸˵ƷûͻƣλӣôֻһڣͿӹʤˡ
϶ͻƵģ߸ֲɵȻаղŸӹսġ
ͿͻƵʲô̶ˡͻƵòҲӦøеˣϾֶɿƷ
٣ҵ˼ƺǹӹ԰
ôģӦû϶ΪˡЦȻǹӹˡ


ֱͤ
κȫȻһԼıͤǰ
ԭΪҲͬǵһͤˡ
κϰ壬е
ɵóԿ׼ŵʱһͻأͻȻ𣬰ŵԿ׶һڵϡ
δκȫתȥڱͤԶһ̨ϷһӰڱĹϵò̫С
ʱӰվκȫ
֮κȫΪŭ˵ԭСӣ˼ҵಡų
˺ٺЦ䣬ЩǸ˵κϰ壬治ǹģ˭ء
κȫεˣñ컹10ӣСˡˣСӽôô磿
ֵⲻǵŹӹƷκϰ쿪Ű˸ϽѡЦøҡţ޽͡Ҳһһ
κȫԿף׼š
˲Ǳˣ֮ǰκȫҡСĶŻԣҲǵһԲ̳ƼԽŮˡ
ǿŵһƼԽŮԲʺšͬԡҲʺˡ
ȻȻľͳΪ˹ӹ˷˿
죬֮ô͹ҲſܲܵһԲ̳ϷӹƷĸܡ
֪ʡвٵĹӹԣԲ̳ϵء
κȫѱͤŴ򿪣ڶŻԵһٴߴ£Ц޽ֱһŻԡ
Żõ־󣬸Ǯ㼱Ҵҵϣסڸʱ͵ˡ

ڶŻõһڵ־ʡЩǣҲ½õ˸Ҫ־
˶ѡ־һ򣬱ϾһҲûжǮ
ˣֻˡЦ
ȻҲֻˡ޽ǡ

ŻԼҴҵĻصɳϣеġ޽롶һԣʣµġЦ򿪣׾ҵ˹ӹƷ
Ǿ
ŻֻЩֵֹģ
Ҳûͣ˼ɶ˼
ʱء
һ£˽ǡ
һµĿŻԵʲô˼
ɾ̫ˣоһŨŨϢ
ôҲС˵
ҪΪ֪ǹӹƷƾһµ֣ŻԾҪߵˮƽˡ
ţӹ飬ȻҪ˲ͬǡŻԺԼ뷨㿪ʼġ
УУУУ
ľ䶷໥ײ֮
ʱöϢʱײ֮飬಻
ϽϪ£СС֮ǰɹȳϣһŮֳľڱԡ



İٶʮ 뷨
ǾǰӹڵƷ12£20ҡ
ڡЦÿ3£ꡣ
Ǿ˵ǽӹеƷУءһ
һ飬Ҳ˵һ顱д¸ɫ˵Ļ
ԵĳⲿУչֵ֮ף˿˲ѻǲ跹˼
С
ʦͽ书Ū书Ŀھ
ΪŮˣܵ壬ݺ꣬
ʦֵ֮乴Ķǣ
ͽɱʦ
׵ĺɱԼŮŮڹײУ˷ָ
ŮںУٰĥ
һ׵׵ġ顱
ȻǾҲһ档
˪İ飬ԶˣڽӹеİдУԴΪ
Ǿһࡱ顣
֮࣬ˣƺѿȥ
Ϊ˲˷֣Լͷһһѣ⡣
˲
⻹ֻϵʹ࣬Щطϵʹ࣬⻹Ҫʮ
ﾫʹ࣬һֱµˣҲڼʹ֮Сɱ˻ʬ֮ÿҹשںεȵĿʹ֮С
⣬֪С˵УϵĴǺƣ顣
ȻڡǾС
ЩһֱڽĴ֮ʣΪʹԼԻȥʹõֶΣκαС˸ɡ
ɵΪдԵ㡣
ȻİҲȫаġ
ΪǾзӳĶпҲͬΪչֵİ֮п
ҹݷе
ΪԼĴóҩ
ÿŴߵĻһ֪òҸ
˪ڹײ޵Ը
ҲãҲգ޳
⻹һﲻòᣬǾеķ֮һѪ档
Ѫ˵ȫУΪ
Ϊô⣬Ϊ˻Ŀɰ
˵ˣԡΪ١
ЩģʵȴݶαӣѪҪߴࡣ
ҲѪȻĴ࣬ȴܸߵԭ
˵ǾȻһ顱һ顱Ҳһ顣

Ȼ֮˵Ǿһ飬ǰƷ꣬ϸϸƷζ֮󣬵óĽۡ
ڿصĹУ˻Ҳһ桱顣
ŰŰܲ桱˭дС˵Щ
Էַӵʱ䣬ͻöɱ
ڣһڵġЦֻ£ǻɱ
ӹһŰħĳƺţٲ˵ġ


ʡǣָĳС
ڿǾĶŻԣʱ˼֮⣬ûʲôķӦҲùӹŰ
ţԭŸտʼ
һ¡˽ǡҪǣ
ũӵܵƣʦὭݳʦݷϰũƽ
һ죬ĴʦʦὭݳĴʦ֣֡ɽǲǰ
˵Լˡǽǰȥи硣
Ӧȥ
Уȴ˴ͨǰѰ
ƴ˴ͨȻûеõҵĸмɽİ˸ӣΪʶ
ǰʹƵƣ˫֡
˫ȭѵ֣ñס
ڵȴһؤǰ˵н
ڶ죬ƱôؤѧĽɽӡ

ŻԿһ£ûǷǳͻֵġ
ܵƱɽļӴһ٣ʹؤѧУӶ֮ǰЩˡ
ôؤһλˡ
ôǶҪĽడ
ңⱾ黹֮ǰԽŮĶƪͬ
ԽŮеĴдȻҲ߻УǶƪԵʣ书·Щδīࡣ
ڡǾÿһÿһʽĽƣϸд
ңһΪ֡ʫ
ÿһÿһʽƣһʫ
ʫƣǿٵذĴ١
ӹԶ˲ò
ǶĽ
ȻʼƵʦὭݳ˵ǡʬȥ˱±ʬס
ףͲʲôʬǡʫ
⾳Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ҲöŻԶԵƵʦǳʲôʦ̵ܽĺǵô
ţԲڵһµ󣬳һؤ
Ժ󣬵ƾӦøؤ˰ɣԽԽţ˰ɣǵĹâҪ˰ɣ
Ż뵽
ֻ뷨ģʵȴעǲпġ


İٶʮ ʵǲп
ʡǣָĳС
ѾǾһ¿ĶŻԣڼ˷֮£ڶ£ǰ½Բ̳
׼ȾͳǾĸܷӣȻ
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뵽Բ̳֮һȻˣ롶ǾصӶúܡ
ʡǣûпˡǾģ˵䰡
ǰǾô˵ʲô£ţƲţƣ
Ǹò͡ԽŮһǸŮɣ
ǾĽһʲôĽ

ŻԿôࡰ֪ӣǷǳĲһԽȻ
˰ǰɡ
Ż˱˵֮󣬱㿪ʼžžžĴ֡
ܿ죬һʵĳǾĸܵӳ¯
֪ҵȵüտһ£ڼ򵥵˵һ¸ܡǾǽƣһֱʦԼʦá
һµ֣ȴʱơܿ죬Ƶظؤգɽһڵӡ
ԣҹƴӵڶ¿ʼƾҪʼţƣʼ۷壬ŮѴѵ
ȥ˵ڶ£ʹ˵˵
ʺšͬԡʺţӸշȥã㱻Ϊö
Ļظǵ÷ǳ졣
Ǹտʼ趨ȻˣӹƷڲͬ
ۣʫҮ뿴
ɽǼǿɶ񣬵ƴúãѾġ
ؤˣһװƣǷɡ
¥ȥڶ°ɣǵǣοʼţƵģ
ͷͷ¥Ͻȥɣ˵Ǿ

ֻظŻ뿪ԣɳϣЦʼڶ¡
ڶΪ
Ż￩һ£ɶ˼˭ҪΣ
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Ż΢һ֮󣬲Žſġ
տ˿ʼ֣ŻԹһЦȻˣƹȻʼţˡ
һʼٴʹؤڵнɽļӣɽĪ
ҲöŻʹ졣
ɽ˵Ƹոõн̼ʽʽȥʽΪǽ
ɽ𾪣ҲöŻԵˬ졣
ƸؤѧĽȻǡǽȻҪʼţˡ
ٽŻԵһЩԾˡ
ɽݳѧˣʦŵĲ֮ܡǽתֽǽ˵ơ
ǣʹƽݳ˷УҪʳǽȻȴݳŻ
ݳҲӳ򸮣µŮݷ򸮡
ȻѶ֪ɽʵûңһжɽı
ȻԴӵĵƣΪʦɱԼʦ֣֮£δʦݷ뿪򸮡
ĸԸΪʦ
ŻԿΪƵġ
뵽ǹӹⰲŵģΪؤǰȵƣ֮ٴЩơ
뵽Ż۾һڴļ¿
Ȼȴ֪򸮣һĿʼ
ɽĶ磬ϲȡƯ󷽵ݷݷһŷģȴȫԼʦֵϡ
Ϊ˵õݷڵʹıǰȥˡĵƣݳΪһŮ͵ƱĲɻ
мƱܵʱȴɽһӣֵָȥ
ղݣĶŻԣ鲻ԽĴг˲þĴ򿪷ʽˡ
ֵָȫȥԺôʹô书ôʼţƵ
ŻԺǻǲԼۻˣˡ
ʹ۾飬ȷԼûۻ
⡭
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漴Ż뵽ˡԽŮڰԳ֮Ĺ¡
ѵҲʲô⣿
ţӦˡ
⣬Ҳܰǵָȥǡ
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һ˵һжΪݳɱ˷ԭ
õݷΪ档
̾ԴӵĵƣʱԺлһƬ벻ʲôټ屻ƣʼ޷ݷʲô
ݷһΪư˿ڣһᣬһԵˣע˾һ硣
ŻԿݷ˵ƣԼҲҲеһĪıߡ
ȻߵǣݷȻǸ統˺ˣֻΪ˵˼䡰û
·ݷû⣬ôƷֱ磬°мʦ֣ʦ硭ȷˡ
⹷յ磡ŻԺ޲óУСҡ
Ϊһеġͻᵽ˽ƵҲӭת۵ʱ򣬵ȴ򸮵Ѻ͵˹ٸ
ô֮ϣƾκԩҲãڱ˼ʮ֮
һùǣһ书ϡ
һأȻǡꡣ
ŻĿе־ڶΪȻΡ
һʱ򣬻ΪǵļѾ٣ǵţҪʼ
˭֪˵ڶ£ȴǱʹƣŪ˴Ρ
뷨õģʵȴĲпᡣ


İٶʮ 
ŻԿƱݺ֮˶ˡ
ȫʡΧڣ˶õˣзǳ֮ࡣ
ҲͬŻһһȥһЦȻż飬ϲ̵Ľ뵽ǾĽ֮С
ӹ˵飬жŮ鳤
ˣڴ
ǿһ֮Ȼ֮飬ҲͬŻһԺľǳֹۡ
ɵԽ󿴣ԽǾþ򿪵ķʽˡ
ֻǵƱĿʼ
ʱ򣬵Ǻԩȴһˮ
Ʊùǵ˿ڷղˣԺֻšʦʦֻߡʦáʦá
⻹û꣬ͬһҵһ״󺺣ΪǴˣԵȭߣʱѵƴñס
书ʧͺ޻֮
ܶ˿Ѿ￪ʼˣӹʲô˼
ѵǵʮĻô
ȻЩֻǵϵʹ࣬ķ飬Ÿеˣоѹֵļ
ݷˣȻȴһˣǺ͡硣
ݺƵף硣
ңݷʱѾ統˺ˣΪ˵취ѵƽȳȥ
˸顣
ҿԭд
ݷУʦ磬ʦ磡˵դԡ
һһǴ䴩£ڶ㲻ٿ˳ȥ
˫ĿףֻУʦ磬ʦ磬㡭㡭
ʵʦأɡҵ˼ôݷҡҡͷĵ
ʣ㡭ɺãס
ݷҭҭĵûطȥסʦ
ƴеǺ˵ĵطǧסã졭˳ȥ
ݷͷҡûǮʦ硭Һܺã⼸졭ţǮ㡭㡣

ɱ̾
˿ĸܵƴ󺰡Ǻ˵ĵطʱķŭ
Ȼݷ֪ѾŲɡ
ԭģݷһֿ˳޺޵ĵ㡭ΪôҪ£ΪΪôҪƲң
֮Ĵߴ£ݷˡ
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˵ٴҲ̫ˣⲻĥǣҲĥ߰
ӹװĹӹǧҪĥˣ͸һ㸣ɡ
˴ʱͬ
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ݷưɣȻݷ֪Լ˵ƣҲڿʵĿ
ݷİ£ӳݷ˫˫ɡ
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Ҫ޵ˣȻǡ硣
~~
ƶСˡ죬˵ĶУͬˡ졣
ǹӹġ
˶ץˣǵˣȻҪ޸ǵĵΪޡ
ҪǷǰƵС˵У˽ֵ˵ı׼Ԫء
˶˵ץͱߣôеǵƣȻ͸ӱˡ
ָ֮ޣݺ֮Լﱻùǣֻܿ࣬һԩѩص֮ǰ򵥵ȴֵֿӡ
ȴҪļ£޸Ǹҵˡ
ƺܱߣͻȻֲˡ
֮ѡˡɱ
ѡɱ˵ȫӹ˸òǾô˰ɣ
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ڣӹվǷ˵һ·
ˣƵı黹һ˿⡣
ɱȴǸȭӵ״ȡ
ͨƵɱҲǸ״ˣʱһֱ˵ơ
ƲǱ˰ŽҪȡѧؼĴˡ
״ж䣬һ¾ѧվ
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ʱ˴綡չˣƿ˾ϰվӹ÷ǳƽ
˶թӵĵƾãƽĵط֮С
ڽʶ˴綡䣬ϰ¾ѧվƵıˣǵõһ˿⡣
еˣҲ΢΢һǹáҸһЩ
ܿ죬˷ӦղݣǰɣҾȻڵĵƹúҸ
Ǳķ֣йӹĸǶڡҸҪѾ֮ˡ


İٶʮ ŵɺ
Բ̳
֮ǰŻԷǸĻظһһ㲻ͣš
ʡĹӹǣšͬԡ꡶Ǿĵڶ֮󣬻˵ڶµء
ֻҵȣܳʱȥˣȴʼղͬԡ
˵ڶ¾ǿҲ˰
¥ϽǶء
ӦǡǾĹ̫ˣ¥ѾǸˡ
¥õһ°ǵθڵ֮󣬾Ͳˡ
ǵڵڶ￪ʼţˣˬ¥˻ˡ

ʡЩӹǣһߵȴһۣţǺȻһֵ顣
⡰ͬԡûлҲͰˣôԲ棬һڡǾڶµӶûУ
˵Ӧðڵһ¡˽ǡӺܶѽ
ѵǵڶ̫ʣѸʡпڶµˣסˣ
ܰ¹پʣˣ֮Щ˻̲סŶ԰
йŹ֣
ٵʡӹǣ뵽
ʲôĹŹ֣ȴҲ벻ˡ
ʡĹӹǲйŹ֣ҲӦԲ˵˵Ҳ֪
˶ء
ʡĹӹżȴ޿κΡ
ڽ˹ӹƷ֮⣬º߸ҲƷ
ȻȲǾڶµϢôȿº߸Ʒɡ
µƷӢᡷ߸Ʒ顷
˿ƷֵʱлǰͷȲ˵ݣƷȡкܴͻ
Ҳʲôڣ֮ˡ
֡Ӣᡷ롶顷ƺеı֮⣬ѵλңҪһ֮ǰǵ˳˳ˮ΢һЩɫʣ
ǵȷǸСͻƣֵһ

ò˵ЩǣôС˵ǶٶһЩ
ֻͨ߸˵Ʒ֣ͶλҵƷͻƣ˴ŵĲ²⡣
ǲµûд£߸磬ԼƷһ˿˵ɫʡ
һδ󵨵ĳͻơ
ҲλңԼƷĵһҪԭ
Ϊʲôλңͬʱ뵽һͻƵ㣿
ֻ˵ɺˡ
ȻǸıɫʣŨö߱Ƚơ
ǿɲҰѱɫùŨ
ϾϲǣǱǷǳţƣҪܹװƣǮʲôҲ
ѱɫŨˣǲ˵ġ

ʥ塣
һڷģԱ߻һѾ˵ġ޽
ҪȻ߸˵Ʒ˵ƷǺܸȤġ
뿴һЩңڿġԽŮ΢֮󣬶ûһȫµʶ
ѾġӢᡷڿġ顷Ҳ˵ͷ
߸ˣȲȥǵƷôĴŻ˵ֵÿ϶ġ
֮ǰһεľԸסˣƷĿ
ԼӰ£ƷѾһˣ֮ǰġѪȾڳ·һ࣬ǿβֹ
ǡӢᡷǡ顷ȻԶԶܹ롶ǾȣҲһϵС˵ˡ
˾Ȼͬʱ뵽һͻƿڣò˵ɺϣҲȤ
ֻǸԼǣӵһЩɫʣЩ̫ˡ
˵ǾǵƣǰӹȴҵƷ棬еǵıɫʣҪ߸˵ƷŨöࡣ
ȻҲá߸ҲգǱϾǽӹҲûǰλʦĹǲԼ̫飬ҲǺġ
ֻһΣƷ˱ɫʣȴƫƫˡǾ
⡭
ﻵЦ£ֻɺϣɵš

λҵƷ˿϶
ô߸˵ҷ˿ǵ˷̶ܳȣǾͿ֪ˡ
˿̣µķ˿Ҳã߸ķ˿ҲգǿšӢᡷǡ顷˷ܵȫڲ
ʵ̫ˣ´ġӢᡷ̫ˣ±дȵȣֱ֮ǰǿ̫ࡣ
ǰҸоС˵´̫˧ˡ
ӢᡷһصǰƺܵһЩܴĴۣ֮ΪӢᡯ̫ˡ
Ǽ´ش£λ߸ôĴ۵ģ

µķ˿ǵһЩۡ
߸ķ˿ǵݣںܴĳ̶ϣҲµķ˿ǲࡣ
˵ķ˿ǣûпԷżƷ
ǶΪܴܵĴۣԼżĶͻơ
һɡ˵á


İٶʮ Ǿޱ
Բ̳
߸˵ķ˿ǷǳĻԾ
һһֵͣǶ»߸ĳ֮飬Ͻˮ಻ƺӷһʰ
ֻ߷ֱĶ˵ƷӢᡷ͡顷ʱ飬εļε˷ܡ
ֱԡӢᡷֻߡ顷С˵ǿʵС˵
ֻ߸磬ԼƷȡشͻơ
ܵȽϴĴ۵Ĵ٣ǰ޹ˣҲûߡ
Ȼ˵ķ˿ǣ˱Լżĳ֮⣬໥֮Ҳٲ˵ġ
˵ķ˿Ƕ˵Լż飬ԱȶԷż龫ʣͻԸ
˭Ҳ˵˭
⿴ùӹԣһЩԵԺǵۡ
Ӣᡷ͡顷ǰ£Ҳˣʵ˵ȷǿԣ֮ǰƷҪõ̫ˡ
ǣ˵Ҳ̫˰ɣЩ۹ӹ͹ӹƷࡣ
˵ӹƷǾ͸ӵĵۡ
ǰѡӢᡷ롶顷ѾˣԲ̳ûгκһڡǾڶµӡ
Ҫ֪λͬʱ飬Եľһ޵ơ
ڵã߸˵ķ˿Բû
ߵĹӹƷȴûۡ
ʲô¶
ǺȥѹڹӹƷĻûпǾ֪һЩһµĴݡ
޷ⰡЩǰµĸʡĹӹֲ֡
ǼתȴǺް취
ֱֹ˺þ֮󣬲ڳһ롶Ǿйصӡ
ɵǰӵݿ֮󣬷ֵԽԽۡ
֪кܶѶڵȡǾݣǰ˵һʱõˡ
ΪˡǾڶ¡µˣѾˡ
Ҫһʱˣƺ֮󣬲Żٳ
ȻҲˣҲҪȥˡ
һֹ֣岻ӡ
ղݣ¥վסѻ˵ȡ
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⡶ǾйŹְʡЩҲŹ֡
ûСǾСԽŮҲӹզѡԽŮ
ǰߣǸӹ΢ȥЩѡԽŮ

ò׵ȵһڡǾݵӣȴô
ʡĹӹԣԼһЩǣԼۣܵҲˡ

ʡǣָĳС
ǸԲ䷢֮˵һŻˡ
Ȼڵڶ¡ĽβôҸоƹáҸһЩ֡Ҹֻ֮ǰ˵ġ
ԣŻԻˡ
ҲûȥԲ̳ˣ֪ȥпܻǵһԡǾڶ¿ˡ
ЩڶµˣȻҲͬûȥԲ䡣
˹ˣǶڵƽȴǣңټϵڶ½βһ˿Ҹ
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Ϊ˵ա
½֣˸оƺܹ⣬־úĲԣһֵֹֹĸо
˵Ƕûо⣬ǿʼġ
ڵµĿͷһ
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֮󣬶ͨõԼԭҲ統µȦס
˼ԩ֮󣬵ԼεԭҲһʶĵն
˿ڳһ
ڣһǹ⻷ˣˣ־ѧվҲˣҲ֪Լĳ˭ˡ
ǱŰôãӦɾ书ѩޣȻң˰ɡ
ӹллˡ
ʷͻתԶһ輸춼ûлǾޱ˶˼
ԶߵǾޱƽʱǸһͻᱻԱ֤ÿնʻʢ
ÿ춼Ҫеʻܳһʱ䣬һգˡ
ڣǾޱѾûиеǾޱʼ㡣
⼸춡겻Դ䣬ԵƵĹĶȳ⡣
ֻԭģתͷŭݣȵô£ô
Ƕ֪˵֮󣬴δй顣
ڣһ峿
ԭģбϸ꣬أδϢɫп軨ʱֻǾޱĻȻ価Ψ༸֦ڷвס
Уˣˣˣ˫ץסդסҡΡ



İٶʮ ǿʼҲǽ
ҹʧĶ侲ŵƳȥ
ǵģڶ˵Ҫǳס
ڿ˿һϲҪô
ʵҲǳˣԩ֮ڳˡ
Ȼȴ֪һƶݵġҸ֮ıٴο
ΪһУΨһĴĶ磬ܿҪˡ
ŵԽҹ֪̽ԢȥǸҹ˼˵
Ǹ˽˪֪˼Ů
һ֮̽£˪Ȼ䱯ʹ֮¸ʹޡ
ȴ룬˼ȻԼŮ˪Ĺײ֮ϣͿҩɽ涾Ѯ
о綾Ķ书ʧƴӳ˼Ԣһط
֪ԼʱѾ࣬ƽһ¡
鿴жߣȫ㶵ģɶ˼ҪˣΨһĴƵĴˣ˵õıѩޣ˵õңأ
ղݣǵҲ̫ƽˡ㶹֮ٴ
һδεΪƵĺӾҪˡ
ȴһδαķ֣ûֻи
ǴûҲ룬ǻῴһŰС˵
һ֣ȻǿúˣȻǵԹӹˡԹǺе־ûΪҽ
ֶԺĹ£ԵƽǣҶǡ
ǹӹƷ
̾ϢһԼҪȥŰܹ˭أ
ڽͨĽǿ˶˪֮԰顣
Ȼԣȴܶˡ

ƽУɽԴƽݳʦֵˣΪʦ÷ϵġǽסǰ㣬ֺΧ÷ϡ
÷ƴѺҲ̫أʱǡ䡣
÷ϼƷǿи֮ˣ㽫ǽס롰վ˶䡣
ȴ˽·ʿڡǽס롰վ̰Χ׷½ض䡣
֮£ֻ㵽ȥˡ
ֱ֮󣬷ȥ»صԭ
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ϣһǾޱ˪¥Ĵ֮ϡ

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ÿҹҵ¥ȥСڽɽҰΡǴûֲصΪȻ޻˵Ҫѻ֪
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ԭ˼ҲǽˣҲõǽס롰վ֪ŮǶ֮ϲ
ӦŮ붡Ļ£ȴʹƽ޷öҩԻ衣
֮㶼ͣùҲ
˼ס֮󣬶Զ̿򣬱˵ǽס롰վ
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˼ûа취ֻðѶΡ֮ÿʮһ죬ѶΣ̿һ佻侭ȴʼһֲ˵
пĶ߿ֲа̾Ǳ飬ΨһĴǵĽݴ磬ͬ˵ı顣
Ȿòʼճֱɫɣ
˵УͻȻһֲõԤС
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ֻʱ˪ʼδ¶һ档
еĶ䣬Ϊվڱ֮󣬳ɹɡվ
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ԭģ˪оѹʵĵ磡磡ôô
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ԭ˪Ӧ˸˼ֻ˼ɱ䣬˪ټ䣬һһġ
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˪Ը䣬һҪԭǾ˪Ϊ˲øװԼ޸һˣõԼϻ10
һǾˣѾһªɲĳŮ
еĶ߿ȫһ⡭⡭
ԭΪӹֻǶ˺ݣû뵽˶ŮҲôݣһǾ˰
˪ԭöɾסڴĿధټԼҲ˼Ľ򿪴⣬˶
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Ķߣ˵ͻһŻӹбҪһ𣿰˼ڵд˵ġ˵ġϸ
Ƿ֣ӹ˺ݣŮ˻ݰ
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ԭΪֻеڼ尾ֶҲڼ尾ֿһԭɫŮˣͬڼ尾
ң尾ĳ̶ȣԱǰ˸
ӹ˸òʲô̼˰ɣ
ٵĶ߾ҪúõϢһܼ濴ˡ
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ֻԼֻ֪ԼҲ˵
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Ȼһ˿ο壬ȴֻ죬ǿһЦ
ΪԶǾޱѾ춼ûиеĻѾ㡣
軨Ůˣܾޱߵļ尾֮Ҳڵ㡣
˪ˣҲˣԶо綾ȥʱ򣬲ûиеˣֻһӢĩ·į
ܾ尾Ե޷֡
ڣǹͻȪ
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Ȼÿһ߶֣εĿ
һͬµģС붡֮䣬Զֶ˵İ顭



İʮһ λ˵ĳ˼
ʥ壬Եӡ
̫ůġ
֣ѵõĲûдС԰ǰһŵС԰Աߡ
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ڲˮԱߣΰڷ־Ц޽
־ı߽Ǿ΢΢ϷȻѾ˷Ĺˡ
Ӣᡷ顷ţ߸ˣʹ츳ԣȻǲģֻҪܹǵһ˿϶ǾܹѸٵͻ
֣У߸ڴϵ츳˺ܸߵۡ
漴֣뵽ˡǾһ˺þãˮ˶ûв
֣࣬ǻ۵ˣǰ￴ģܵģȻЩҪöࡣ
ȻҲеѹ֣еƣѹ֡ƵıѾĸоⲿƷֱգһֱȥ
ңԽԽŨ
Եĸ㣬ⲿƷﱻһһ¶
ԵĸӣҲһԡ
СӲ25꣬Ȼܹд̵ƷһһС˵
֣Ѿ֪ʲôݴֻεҡҡͷ
ǾǾ֣߶䣬ֶ˹輸ϵĲˮһڣŷ֣ˮѾ׵ˡ

㽭ĳסС
֣һ̨ϣԵĲ輸ͬһˮ־
һˮҲͬЩˡ
߸˵Ʒͬ˺ܸߵۣҲο
ΪǴͻƿڽӦûᴴõƷ
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ڴһĵ
ӹεҡҡͷ֣һҲ벻Ӧȥ۹ӹ
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Ӧ÷һȡš˾̾Ĵˡ
ȻҲ֣ͬһͨǾǰ£õʱûпֻԶҲĶ
ǾƷͨһ´ƣĳɳ̣Ϊչּ뼫ԵĶԼļȳ;ͻΧӶӰԵ㣬ῴز¶汾ʡ
ȻֻһֱǾɵʱ򣬻ֻ߲
ֻǰ£ȫжϡ
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ҲΪˣŻֻ25ĹӹҲݵݴʡ
ȻҲԹӹȤ˫۶ڷŹ⣬ͺӹһ˵ǧһ㡣

118գ12㡣
һʱ䣬Ѿȥ
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ոЩھϲ˷ܡ֮ͻȻһǳҪ顣
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ЩӹߣһҲҽƱ硣
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ԸӹһѡԽŮģҲ֪Ǿڶݵġ
ЩһֱԲĹӹǣ֮ΪεһЩлص
ֵܣˣ˵ЩˡǾڶº͵µˣѾˣأһʱġ
ɶ˼黹ˣ
˭֪о츮ʡЩ˶ֵúܡ
ˡ


ʥ塣
һԲ̳һ̾ǾɱȻС
ĶǵַӦȫܹ⡣
ΪǰǾʱҲͬˡ
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οܻȻƷĵļ尾ˣֻ±ǰһοǾʱ򣬻Ҫǿҡ
ţ֮һᷢⲿƷġ
ҡҡͷⲿƷʱ׼κοһжԼȥܡ
⣬ԸԼЩԽŮϴӣȻҲˡ
°ͣʱҲˣԡӹ壬ע᲻õʺţԽŮȫݣϴԲ̳



İʮ ԼһĹ
Բ̳
߸˵ķ˿˷ܵĴԼżƷӹһЩԣҲһЩֵ̽֡
ֵƵʺܿ죬һΪԽŮ--ӹƷȻ֣տʼû˵ע⡣
ֱԽԽˣһֵ飬Բƺһһļ٣ֵƵʱˣĻظٶҲˡ
Щ֮£㶢Բҳϸ鿴һ֮ҵԭ
ϲ֮£æӣпϲһһ¿ȴûһ˻ظӡ
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Щ߸˵ҷ˿Ҳ˽ȥ
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Щոյ½Բˣ֣Բʲôʱô
ֱ߹ö֮󣬲ŻȻ
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ͬʱӹҲͬһ΢ԽŮϴԲ̳ӭǰȥۿ
ЩʱȥԲǼˣ˷ֱܵžͳԲ䡣
ԲҲһֱ
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ǰѡԽŮ꣬˷ܵһ֮ЩΪǾ˵ģʡĹӹǣӦҲѾˡ

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ԭΪġӢᡷ˵һִºͻƣҲĴºͻƣⲿƷȻСĺ䶯
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ںڵĴϣ΢ѹ߸һ¾ȫԽˡ
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¸ұ֤дֻҶһʡԼ㽭߸дЩǣֻѾֵƣɧˡ
ΪƫƫӹǣûκεķӦأ
ѵǱǰ
벻ס
ϣǱǰĻӹԼԼһĹ
룬кܶߣǺԸ⿴ġ


İʮ šҪ
ڹӹǿˡǾǰºûκεķӦ顣
ֻ벻ףͬ벻ס
ǿȻȹӹƷ˸е
ΪӹдҶȫԽܣκεĵִĻ
񲻾˵Ѿ׵ͬ˹ӹãֻҪǹӹƷһǺƷ
ôԺӹһƷôƷҶ÷ǳÿ֮͡
Ҫô찡
ȻҲôһ룬ǿɲġ
ӹţƣϾһˣӰġ
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ңƵߣʲôõİ취
ѽѽ̿ˡɻѽ
ٵֻѾ˿Ϸ׼һûκεһοɸûʲôϵ˭ùӹԸҰƷдء

㽭ĳסԢ
߸ڵǰͬüͷ
ڵһЩǣڹӹֻҲš
ѵ
ӹд飬ΪԽŮĳɹЩ
߸ҡҡͷɲŹӹΪͣŸдġ
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ֻҪӹġǾȥˣôаѹµġӢᡷһ
㽭ȻͻεĴʤˡ
ֻǣӵĻ΢һЩʤ֮䡣
ʤܱ֮˵ĺá
أ߸ͬڵصǣֵƹӹ¼ڴ

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ڶʡĹӹԣԼԣڿˡԽŮּҵһ֮ٴΰ˼˹ӹƷǾ֮ϡ
֮ԽŮ֮ǰڸеҪ֪Ǿĺݡ
ΪһԽŮѾǸܵ˹ӹľʣȻ͸ڴǾˡ
Щ߸µҷ˿ǣڿˡԽŮ֮󣬶Ĭ˲١
Բ̳ӰѾû֮ǰôԾˡ
ȻҲпǻԾˣϢء
ղݣʡӹǾˣҲôðɣҲ̫ˡ
ˡԽŮ֮󣬸֪Ǿĺˡ
ǰԽŮֻǶƪ˵ľʡǾƪǾԸӵľʰ
ǲϻƪ϶ȶƪңһµݴҲ֪ˣظؤҪǵƷˣͼڴ
ǰλʡкãЩ롶Ǿеɡ

ڶʡӹԣļ٣ѾоǾĽѾˡ
Ϊɶûǽȥأ
Ǻð֮һȻֵӣϲ
ǡȷҪ롶ǾĽ𣿡
һӣӵ¥ǷǳϤġͬԡ
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ʡǣָĳС
ŻԿԼոշӣһһ㣬˷ֱܵеǣšǾĽ
͸оǳͷۺͲ̣Ҳֹ
ҪţηɣǱ˴ùǣصȥࡣ
ҪǰصȥˣѸëãԼˣǱԼĳ˸ȥˡ

Żֻһ̾Ϣ
ԼšҪģ֮󣬷ûֻиʱ򣬿ǧҪҰ
Ż˵ôһ֮һ㿪ʼЩšҪ롶Ǿǣڴ


İʮ ԭЩƭ˵
Բ̳
ȴһǣ˷쳣˳ǽǾĺˡ
Ϊʲôôò˳
ҲˣʲôԭأȥǾҪġ
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ղݣʲô˼ֵָȥⲻ¥ȷ˵ǡǾ
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ֹˮߴǹԵģӦüߣдë
¥ϽˣСĹӹ̰Ʒ


ʡǣֱͤĳ
ŻԿԣЩɵۣЩ˻εıߣεĲûЩ˻ȫš
˵ʲôĸ߸дӦüơ
ⱾȻ˿úܱˣ飬ͬʱ˶ԺǣҶǣղܣһԾʵĺ鰡
ΪʲôЩ˲ΪأѵԼŰֻԼΪǺ飿
ŻĥһЩˡ
ԭΪЩֻڴ˵ֽûпԭݡ
ŻԻλ˼һ£Ǳ˶Լ˵һС˵ˣôӦҲţҲܡ
ҵԭĶŻЩˣҪô죿
ԭȫȥɣûȨ˵УüأҲȫȥ
ŻԥͻȻɫһϲԲ̳иĿǾĹӹԳ˵ˡ

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٣¥û˵ʶΨһĴĴ磬λ磬ȴûþˡ
綼ǱģȻиŮˣǸ顣ǽܲˣҾͲ˵ˡ
ǣǲӦýġ
ǰڵԸû⡶Ц

ӻЩȴһɵˡ
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ѵ¥ո˵Ķģ
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Ϊ˵ģĽ磬ȷʵ޷ܡ
ǲܹʵֵġ
ԽԽ࿴Ǿˣ뵽Բ䣬ڡǾڶ¡ݵӣҲԽԽࡣ
ԽԽľ
СŮ֮ǰģȴΪӹһ䡮жŮ鳤ڽ쿴ˡǾֻҪһ뵽˪õԼֻȥĳ˾Ͳ
ֻȥԼգΪΪʲô
ΪʲôΪһעԵİ顣
ҿ˵ӹƭôĽǵĽ

ڡǾݵԽԽˣЩԭԴ˷ǳڴǣʱȴûиеһĸˡ
Щ˵ĶģԸЩӲҪ֣еġǾĽʵ̫ˡ
ӹΪʲôҪдһأ
벻ףԭǳ˷ܵͻȻ䵽˹ȵף޴ķǳʧ䡣
Ҳһ֣ЩǾˣȻͣڵİ̾ȴû˵Ȿ鲻ãġ
еֻ֣ڶû˼ȥ⡣
ȻԲҲе˵ﶼǳʧ䡣
෴
߸˵ҷ˿ǣȴǷǳ˷ܡ
ڿˡԽŮ֮󣬱ѾԼżӮδޣ̫ϣˡ
ȴ˭֪ͻȻôһ˷ܵ顣
ӹ˾ȻдǾȻǵңǾԾĹ
룬վ˰츳
ͬǴ£߸˵ĳ̶Ȱյöãǰֲ˵ִ
ӹأ
վ̫˰һɼƮƮȻˣΪѾԼҸˡ
߸˵ҷ˿˷ѽû̵žžֱ졣
ӹд飬Ƕߵ׳
ǰΪôдǶӦùƽкء
վ˰һɼͲ֪ϱˡ
ǹӹԸеźŵڶˣԺ˭֪дʲôء
Ҫǹӹԣ飬ɷתڡ
ǲתڣҲת·˰߷ǣԼԲ

߸˵ҷ˿˲ͬ˼Ѫһ㣬Ծ


İʮ ҪӾˣ
߸˵ҷ˿ٴλԾͨǵӣԸоǵ˷ֻ
ŻԵȿǾĹӹǣЩӣ߸Ҳ鷢ء
ǻ϶ˡ޽롶ֻΪǾ̫˵Ĺϵһʱû顣
ˣҲȤȥһ
ǣողԲһǣһεʧˡ
߸˵ҷ˿ǣЩֻӣֱӱӵˡ
ǳӾǴӹӹתΪ·ˣתڣ̫
ЩûпǾʡӹԺǣЩֱüͷ
ȻЩҲΪһתΪ·˻תڡ
ֻҲȷʵЩ벻ףӹΪʲôҪﰲľ顣
ҲʱֳĬ
߸˵ҷ˿ǣⶼȥϰˣȻûһ˳
ѵϷ
ǣʱǸӼޡ

֮⣬һЩҲȥԲֻ̳һֻٷǻ
ڽӣǶԲȻҲǸĹע
ڿ߸˵ҷ˿ǣЩΪٵӣҲǰ˷ܡ
Ȼ֪Щӣ϶ֵƹӹ¼֣ҲһõĿʼ
ȤҲʱ䣬ע顣

ʥ塣
Բ̳ЩˡǾˣЩ棬кܶ඼ǹ˪ġ
Ҷ˪еǳʹĺϧòԼİ飬ֻȥԼòѾǷǳĿˡ
ľȥˣѾáˡ
⣬һԹӹȻ˺ĵĶԴһŮˣ˼ġַ
еǵġ
ȻǵԼǵЩǡ
ӾѾ˵ʹˣôȵ֪˪ʵǱԼĸ׻ģʱǰڹײĸϿˡޡʱ򣬲֪᲻˶ģ
Ҳȷʵ̫Ҿˡ
°ͣЩΪЩǵģҲܹǣ˭ýҪء
Բһ֮󣬾˳
һ΢һЩա
ɴ绰ûʲô취ϵӹ
ڵӰӹ˾ҪҹӹԽŮӰӰȨֻ뾡˰취Ҳûϵӹ
úɺЩżΪкüӰӹ˾ԡԽŮǳȤҲ취ϵӹ
ȣǾеúˡ
Ժҵλصִʦƺܵġ
֪ѰٵĹӹʱ֪Ϊʲôһʲôı顣
ҵףֻЩˡ
ӹݣòú֪ˡ
ϾѡԽŮųɵӾǺ£Ȼܾ
ңǵոʱ򣬿ϰڽζĿЩòĿӾ硣
ʱ͸ϰ˵ҪϰֿһʲôӾ硣
ֻǵʱϰֲûнĻϡ
ڣҲʱϰ֣ȻҲˣһʲôӾʱˡ
Ȼˣú֪ӹݣʵҲûʲôϵǲȥġ
Щյģʵһ顣
Ǿȫ̲뵽ԽŮ㵱УȷԽŮĳЧ
ϣԽŮĳЧЩĿӡ
ӾͶԲԽŮⲿƷҲԲǡ
ôˡ
Ҫȫ̲롶ԽỤ̊ǲ˵뿪һʱ䣿
ϲ˵Ȼյġ
ȻΪǣܹӾ磬ǺԸ⡰һµġ
һеȵ֮˵ɡ
뵽

119գ峿
ʡʡǣԼϽ¸ꡢͤǰȻΧǰЦԡ
ԭû򵽣˵ʲôҲܴˡ
Ȼϣ࿴ǾˣѴңǾҪ׼֮ǰ
ЩԾͻһЩڽ֮£ľʱˡ
ҲһЩˣԽ˵ԽҪȲӣȥһǲ˵ôš
ӽ峿ꡢͤΧȻڶռ˴
ô죬ֽһˣ뵽Ǿеġ
һԽԽ֡



İʮ 鷴ת̫
򵽡ЦһˣڿǾʱ㹻׼֪˺Ĵ¾飬Բûһˡ
Ȼֻһ˵ġ
ʵϣǰصǰ¿Ҳ˺óһʱ

Բ̳
ʡĹӹԣǣڵȴǿ֮ǰԲһ
Ȼ֪ˡǾĽеӣǷǳʧˡ
ǳֵǣǵԺ֮УȻȫǹڡǾӰӡ
鲻Խ룬Ʊؽη֮󣬶һЩʲô飿ݷΪʲôҪ޸磿ʲô𣿶ôô˵أ
˪֮䵽ʲôĹ£ΪʲôҶ˵֮İעԵģ
ȵȵһϵ⣬û˯á
Լ֣˼ŰС˵ΪʲôǻԼԺ
ԼŰ򣿻ǹӹС˵ôŰǣҶǡ
ԼȻŰôԭֻǺˡ
Ǻ֣ҲΣⲻԼȥŰô
Ȼˣӹ˰ġŰħñӣǲܹȡ
Ϊţӹ˵ʵǰѡǾдĲŰҲܹͬǣҶǡ
ȻˣôӹҪȡ¡ŰħñӣͱҪں½תţƣķɡ
ȻﶼǡǾǾϲŰڡ
ǱҪġ
ʡĹӹԣһߵȴһ߰š

쵽ʱ˷Ӧ
Ȼ֪˽ȥģɿʱȻ˸еǳܣһĪҪ
ҿʱѾܵÿȥˣЪһ̲סķǳ濴֡
ǹӹС˵ɣ˵ȴȻˡ
ڿˣһЩϸڵĵطϸĸ˵һ˵
ǰ˵˵˵ϸ㡣ұΪҶⲿС˵ѾûȤˣȴ˭֪һ
ղݣǲǰɣ첻˸ţѾ˵ĸ߸дֵ𣿽ôҪϸˣ
ڶþӦֵƣҪ룬֪һЩϸݣŰɡ

߸˵ҷ˿ǣָоЩԾˡ
ղݣŹһϣô͸ȫһˣ
첻Ҫֵ𣿽ôͱҪ֪ϸˣ
ķʽתҲ̫˰ɣ˿
ϷôӣһôûУ
ðⲻ
˵ķ˿ǣҲ֪Ǹơʧֻ߼֮
ӹд鶼û⣬Ʋһ⡣
⣬ţͻȻһǸеǳ˼顣
ǾǾǾȻҲ֪ڡǾһЩϸݡ
ϣڳԼżпεĴлʤ˷ϲõУԻûôȥ롶Ǿ¡
ڸոգǿʼ˼Ǹ벻׵ʱǷһ룬ڡǾ飬Ȼͣˡ
ʲô
ԼľҲתˣ
߸˵ҷ˿ǣϽʹĻ˻ԴҪйءǾϢȥ
ǿ£߸磩ҷ˿ôܹӹ˵Ʒء
ǵԴȻζЧȻҲУֻǺرĴ

ЩʱעԲ̳ǣҲЩɵۡ
˵õأ˵õֵأ
컹մմϲΪһ㣬ķչͷ
ɽһͷˣһڳ෴ķչ
Ը⿴ġ
ӦǵӹдǣȻ֮Ͱɡ
ͲֻɵۣǸеľˡ
һЩߣڰľ֮󣬻æٴҳЦ׼úõоһ⡶Ǿɶħ
ŰǣȻûģ顣
ȻЦֻڸʡۣΪһߣԼİ취㵽һġ

ħĳסԢ
ͬáЦüͷ΢壬ոٴϸƷһ顶Ǿ
Բ̳ǽ죬ԴǾȻͬķӦоεıǲˡ
Ǳǰ
ˡǾˣûʲôķӦҲǸӹһŰħñӡ
ʲôã˵ùӹʤء
ΪʲôܹŰľ飿֮ǰһֱ벻ס
ڣƷˡǾ֮ѾЩˡ
ʵǴҲܹŰľ飬ؼҪôȥд
仰˵ǣӹġǾܹҽܡ
һߣȥдһͬľ飬ֱӾͱǵĿˮûˡ
һ㣬µüͷˡ
룬ȥдһ롶ǾƵŰ
ôǣ
⣬º֪𰸡



İʮ ǰȨ
ħĻӰӴý޹˾
˳ܾɽİ칫⣬š
洫һͳ
Ŷ¾˷ܵ˵ܣйӹϢˡ
ɽĻӰӴýܾ40꣬
źɵĻ֮󣬶ʱϲæϵӹ𣿡
ҡҡͷεһЦ˵ǵûУпܾǹӹˡ
ɽһ㶣ɻɶ˼ûϵˣֺпǱˡ
ҡͷڻ˵ģǼֱǲ˼顣ܿԷģйӹϢǰٷ֮ٵʵ׼ǰȥӹ֣йءԽŮӾȨ⡣
ɽͷȻźȻҲѡԽŮˣȫںιȥ¡ԽŮӾȨͬʱҪӹùϵ
ЦȻ

ɳܾ칫ңԼ֣һʱķʡĻƱ
ո֮ǰӵĵ绰ȥʥѰҹӹ
ھϲ֮࣬Ҳʵһ
ʥ壿ӹ
ѾȷǹӹȻţһݣ־ƺûʲôԽܵġ
Ȼԡӹıȥдʱ뱩¶ݣԾѾȷǹӹȴȻûиɽ˵顣
ңһνһǰʥ塣
ȻΡԽŮӾȫȨôЩûбҪ㱨ˡ
һܹ֮õ˾ôΣöһӾ硶ɴ桷
ɴ桷ĴɹĻӰӴýĵλҲˮǴߡ
ڣѾĻӰӴýĵһݡ
һΣ˾ԡԽŮĵӾı߶ӣһȻҪԳ
ȻɱҲǷǳִԽŮӾġ
ԽŮȻһƪС˵ıĵӾӦҲƾ10ҡ
ԽŮڻС˵ʷϣȴǾлʱ塣
ĳ֣С˵磬Ļȫµƪ¡
ıĵӾ磬ȻҲзǳҪ壬ûһӾ絼ֵܹסջ
ʵϣֻĻӰӴýȫвٵӰӹ˾ٵĵӾ֪ݣҪõԽŮӰӰȨǼӰӹ˾
ҲΪˣԼĻӰӴý֮ǰ¡ԽŮӰӰȨʵѾ̫ϣˡ
Ϊ۾ԶԶЩʵۺӰӹ˾Ķ֡
ĻӰӴýԭֻǶߵӰӹ˾ڼǰƾ衶ɴ桷Ĵɹǿ׼һߵӰӹ˾
ˣЩӰӹ˾ȣ໹ǷǳĴ
ʽ𣬻ǷԶԶܹȡ
ڹӹأҶϵ䱾ˣĻӰӴýһЩᡣ
úɾϲĪǣӹϢȴôһϲ
ȻҲףⲢĻӰӴý׵¡ԽŮӰӰȨˡ
٣ѾռȻ

119գ4㡣
糾͵ĺɣʥĴڡ
ʥ壬ܺѾΣÿһҪпһ
һΣͬ˷֮Դһ˿š
һΪˡɴ桷һ£ʦʱ򣬻ҪһЩ
Ϊ̫õԽŮĵӾȨˡ

ںôˣҲЩȣԭΪԷҪȵŻᵽء
ҲףԷΪʲôôҴҵĸ
һ·ˡԺſڣЦк
ϵܣϸˡͬЦ˵ԼƽһЩ
ˣ룡ϰʱҲкڼңûгȥ
æϸˡ
׼֮ʾԺδ̸ϰ֣Ժȥˡ
֮Աߵˮһ裬˵룬Ҷ֣ûģء
ɿڵĲˮпϵܣϸľϲһֱûжϹ
ԣݸһЦź˵ȷҾǹӹ
Ц֮ǰǰٷ֮ٵȷڣٷ֮ٵȷ
ЦЦҲûзϣ˵ϸҲˣϸлֱ˵
ɵͷһЩ֣صİһ˵ϵܣԽŮĵӾȨ300Σ
ͷ300ȷʵһ߼ˡ
Ҫ֪ĶƪȨģЩгƪҲмܹȨ
ҰȨһҲͼʮ
ǵԽŮλ300ļ۸Ҳߡ
룬ʵ磬ǹ˾׼Ͷʶ㡶ԽŮ
⣬ĵġͶʵĶ٣ֱӰ쵽յЧ
ЦЦƺ֪ʣ1000ϵܷģϸԲûⲿƷ



İʮ ʱָо
˺ɵĻ֮󣬰Եͷ1000Ͷ㡶ԽŮҲȷǴͶʡ
Ҫ֪ԽŮǶƪ
ʲôӶԷͶʽΪҪѡԽŮĺãȾҪ㹻Ͷʡ
ң֮ǰЩȣԽŮһתۡ
һҪĺã˿һʲô硣
ҲΪ磬ɫһʼıˡ
Ƭ̣˿΢ЩŵĺɣǺһЦ˵ԽŮ㣬Ƿǳĵġ
öʱϲ˵񲻾ǵͬѡԽŮĵӾȨˡ
ѹסеļ˵ϵܣϸ̫лˡ
ڰ֣Ц粻ˣǳļ۸񹫵ҪǣǿͶ1000㡶ԽŮǶԡԽŮӣҲܷġ˵ʵҲǷǳͬġңһҪ󡣡
ˣҲԺǺЦϵʲôҪ󾡹˵ǶȻŬ
ЦЦûֱ˵Ҫ󣬶ʵ֪֮ǰû
ЦϵǶϸҲѽ֮ǰȷֻ࣬ңЩӾ絼ҲĹಿġϵܣǵгȻ𱬣ӾҲܲȴǲࡣ
ͷ˵ȻҲǳ
ԭ˵׻Ϊ֮ǰڻ
ܹıӾС˵̫ˣĴҵƷˡ
ҲС˵гȻ𱬣Ӿȴǲ࣬ҲúܶǸеǳź
⣬ţӾôٵԭ򣬻һǾĵǣʱ򣬹Լһ˿ŤܸоĳĶһʲô
ö֮Լƶ粻ôðˡ
뵽źɣʵ磬ðһ£֮ǰʱǲһֱȽֵĸо
ֵĸоȻһɴ۾
ʱ򣬵ȷһֵĸоܸоĳĶһʲôԶûʷ磬͵ĵӾˮ
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ֱˡԽŮ֮ƺһˡ
ΪǰЩӾС˵ԭôС˵Ʒ̫ˣôŤ
㡶ԽŮƾͲĸоˣȻͻʷһˮˡ
ʵҲ˿㡶ԽŮһҪԭ
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ֻⲻܰ
ʵֻǲ²⣬ɵı飬ȷˡ
ЦЦ˵ı飬ƺȷˡ
εЦЦ˵ϵܹǳˣȷһ˵ָоϵܷģһᾡŬѡԽŮĺáңҾǰ֮ԻĸоҪΪԭƷô
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳź磬Ϊ㡶ԽŮʱӦҲָͬо
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ʵϣݷɲרҵģʲô
֪Ϊʲôĸо͸С˵һʵҲһεסˡ
԰Ǵ
ĻǳԾǲĻֻʵϵΪ˵
ٴЦЦ˵Ҹո˵ҪҵҪڡԽŮУȨ뵽˵У籾ıࡢɫѡ񡢷װ͡õȵȣȻҪһЩҸͿ
ЩɵĿЩСӵǲˣ
ǿ˺ɵɻЦЩʵ̫һа취úʱûһ˿ֵĸо
⻰úɵ͵һֻҪСһʱضҪóԾ׼
Ծ֮۾˼һȻָܹʱһֵĸоô˵ʲô취Խء
ںɵܵĴˡ
뵽ɴЦϵܣָϸһϲɣϸ֮ء㲻˵ϸҲ׼Ըı籾Щϸ粻ġֻϵܰĹ̿ɲ̣뿪ӣ
Ц᲻ҲҪᰡ˵Ҳֻ죬Ϊҿ뿪ʱҾͻ뿪ˡ
ЩĽ˵ϵңڰ
֮־һЩ˽֣ǩ˺ͬ
ˣĵһС˵ĵӾıȨʽӫĻʱҲ



İʮ 籾
ɵԵСסһڶһִҴҵĸ˻ȥ
ڵӾȨ֣ȥдǰ׼ҪﱸԤڰ֮󿪻
ڹ²ʱϺȡһʱ֮ɣôⲿͿڴڼײ
⣬ͶüϰȨѣһ1300Ӱ˵һСĿΪ˱֤ⲿܹ׬ǮҲ˿ĵ׼һȥͿʼߺȡ
˵ӱϿԽŮֻԷǳǿ磬ͷвЧֻ̨Ҳ๺򣬻Ͽȷ׬ġ
һ£ʲôǾͲ˵ˣǺɵһȫȨһӾ磬˿ĵ顣
ҲɣҪȰѡԽŮıΪ籾
ǵһС˵ȫ£漰һЩ׼ӰӾ籾ʽԼ﷽ʽ
Ͼ籾ǸݡԱԱص˿ģҪ˼ҿö׼ȷٵ⡣
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ʣģԼһЩˣֻҪԭ飬þ籾ķʽͿˡ
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ӰɵϣԽԽá
ΪԽ̨ļ۸ҲԽߣϾ̨ȥҲΪ׬Ǯ
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ⲻǸյ߳Ȼֹ
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ȻЩ̣ȴܸߵĵӾ磬̨ҲԼİ취
ǾǣžžžнӾ
һֻ20ĵӾ磬Ӳ35ÿһǰ10ӣһǰعˣ10ٸһ¼Ԥ档
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ǰĵӾ磬Ƿǳץ
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籾ԭĵطʵһЩϸڣȷܹƷһЩעˮ
ϸķԤѼΪ15
15ڡԽŮλŸ̨ǻ֮͵ġ

ڼﰲĴ籾ϣڹӹ롶ǾĻ⣬ȴһҲ
ͨľתеĹӹԣԼһЩԣνʹš
һڡǾ֮еʹ಻ֱӣһֶǵƵǣҶǣ˪԰飬ҲΪ֮ԡ
ûпǾˣҲԲ̳ͣ˴ϸڡ
һħ顣
ȻܡǾѾΪħ顱ӹŰħñȴûбժ
Բ̳ӣôҹͬۡŰħһڵġЦҲǡǾĵŰ
һӦڶ࣬Ҿ͸뵽Ű취㼺ò֡
˵ٰѵȥؼ꣬˵ѵƵĽҲŪϣеȱ˵õۿݷžžž
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ȻȻ۵֣Ҳߣȴϣں½
ʵǴҵһйŰħôŰŰţô
ôŰǶˣŰбͼŰҿŰʲôӣ
⣬Ҳһӣӹں½ǼŰǹ⻷ţ֮·
۵ͬڶࡣ
˵ǰѾѻˣ潫һŰס
Ҳ˵ǰǹŰôںתͻȻԱöǻþ޴ĿС
˫иĵ˭Ҳ˵˭ֻǳֵһֹ۵ˣҪ΢һЩ
ܴҳʲôĹ۵㣬Ƕǹڹӹ롶Ǿġ
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ÿһ˶֪½ۻΪʱ硣
ϾҵƷֻǰ£߸ˣȻַǳѧϰͻƵĴʦߡ
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ԣһжûе䶨ʱ
ؼͿľˣǹӹǿƵף¡߸һϮ
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һʱ䣬ڽԽŮ15ľ籾Ūˡ
ĵһ籾Ū֮ϸ飬ԼǷǳģȱԭоζֶһЩԭĵطһЩϸڼӹɫ
֮ͨʼ籾ˣĵ
ʱӦѾصħʼǰڵĳﻮˡ
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ҲһЩСһӰӹ˾ĹǼСҵСͶ˼һӾûе̨Ը⹺ǿɾѪ޹ˡ
˵ԽŮӦòܻ֣޵̨Ϊ˱ӰɻǾҵ̨
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ΪƷ԰ⲿǳĵӾӰƷƵվһЩ̨ȵȡ
Խļ۸ȻҲԽߣǴ
ԣֵӾ֮ǰȰѾ̨ڳƷ͵̨˵кôġ
һⲿǰ׼ǩԼĺͬôɽӮҡ
ȻЩûйϵѾѡԽŮĵӾȨӰӣԺӰӣֻˡԽŮĵ̨׬㣬ûйϵ
Ҳ뵽Щ̸еУҪľǼල˵ӰӣѡԽŮĺãĳ磬ûԭ

1112գ峿
һ磬Ҫʱ뿪ӣǰħˡ
ɴ绰˵ԽŮľԱѾ齨ã͸ѡɫԱˡ
ǰѡɵ˼ƺҪһˣʱûдӦȥ˵
⵹üͷ΢壬ӰȦֱӰŽɫѡ鲢ʼ氲ŵѡȷʵʺϽɫǵûʲôϵ
ʺϣ˵ֳһЩ졣
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⣬ڵ̨ԽŮӾ£ɵ˼ƺҲû̸ס
кüӶԡԽŮʾȤļ۸񶼲ߣܹӰӻر
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ֹһǱϰ裬Ŷȥһȥٵõʮʱ䡣
ũׯһ飬չɣҪġ
ڴڴ̶ͣӵǫ˼䡣
ڣũׯƵ꣨ΪԵ¥Ľ裬Ѿ뵽β׶ΣĻµ׾ͿʽӪҵˡ
Ե¥Ľɣ̶ܴȵĽԵСѹ
ô󿨳Լ͵سǣѴ󿨳רãǷǳ˧
سǣó˳ȥʡɻƱģʱ䵹Ƿǳĳԣ

һ·޻5㣬߳ħ
߳Ϳһ20ӣһӣдšӭӸʡ
취ϣҲΧȺȴʵá
ǺһЦ˹ȥ
֪ǺרŰŹġ
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ӿֱɫһһֱʻ󣬰һȻ
ȻŵӷЦãӭħ
һЦ֣˵ˡ
æ̫ˣ˵ǹˣ룬ҵĳͣǱߡ
һ˵һָһ
ͷʾǰ·

ΪŵסӰӸһҽ鶼Ƶꡱĸ߼Ƶꡣ
Դˣû顣
Щ̫⣬ҲãҲգסϰߡ
ֱӰѳӿˣ鶼Ƶͣ
ͣã³֮Ҫȥ
ЦŰڰ֣˵СѷңԼȥͿˣȥæİɡ
΢΢һ㶣漴˵Ұȥ𣿡
ͷ
ǣ⡭˵ʲô漴ϵЦ֮Уƺ˲ݾܾ֮⣬һݣæĿڵõģǷ
˵꣬ԼóһſƬݸ
ӹ˳㿴˿൱ЦллˣСȥæİɡ
æõģҾͲˡ
ͷ漴䣬鶼ƵĴ˹ȥ



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䣬鶼Ƶſڡ
ſһһĲӭӣ¶ְҵЦݣ˵ӭ٣
漴ֱߵӣǰĲš
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䲼õҲΪֻЩЩʵ
Ȼֻ뷨ڷһ֮󣬱ڴϢ
ħִĴУڻǽھǵĴڡ
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˻ΣͷƴɱͷѪҲԹ޻ڡ
ָɾ룬ȻǺõģȴˣ벻һҪڴʵ֣ҲֻдŶ˶ʡ
ڴˣϻصǳĵطȥһͻ֣ᷢķ羰ʵһ
Ȼѡ񣬶ûжഺıǮ
ĴϣЩĪ뷨Ҳ֪ǲǰԼʱΡ
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һ̾ȻҲ˵ϵܣȷʵһ⣬ǹǰİߵ⡣ӰӵһɶһֶŮ19꣬մħӰѧԺҵ׼̤Ȧλɶݰ࣬ΪҪһ
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ԭΪӰӵĳλ߲㣬ǱĳλŮԱŴλŮԱλ
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գЦЦ˵ôλŮţŮͬѧʺݰࣿƯϺĿζ
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ͷڵӾĳ֮󣬲кܴİտüǮǾܹø̨๺Ǹʱ򣬻Ǽ۸ߵˡ
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ֻǣӰӷ飬ùʡ
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εҡҡͷһͬȥ
Ȼ˵Ļ˵ʵҲھƵĲСˡ
ȻҲɺɸǮҲûŸ



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ԼӰ棬ԱʼԾþ콫ɫѡȷ
ҪģǱܾˣǸҪӰĵַ׼Լȥ
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صƵ귿䣬վڴ˼ĴС
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ߣɫûдҹɫʻûȫɢȥһЩֵȻţż·һˡ
ʱĴУûȡ֮Ƭ̵
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δɢȥҹɫ·ߵĽֵƣԼż·ˣһַļį֮С
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һ壬ֻϧĿʥȣ̫Զ̫ԶⷿҲԶûڴ⡣
ʱ䵽7룬ȥһЩͣȻ߳Ƶš
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ĪСҪݷ󻣿ȥȫͲ
һֹˣȴѾ뵽Ծ֮С
8룬9ӵʱԾʽʼ



İʮ ԱԾʱ
˽뵽Ծʱںŵæӭһ˵λɡ
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΢ЦŷֱԪ˳֡
˶30ģӰµĵݣֻǳҪִһӾ磬Щġ
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ֻںɵУֽΪΪǩӾȨʱҪ󣬸ΪڶǾԵΡ

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ȻаԳ
յļҪɫԱҲѾˣں̨ױ
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źɵݹϣԵͷϿЩԱͦʺϵģͨԾͿȷˡ

ʱ䵽9㣬һԱѯʵԿʼ𣿡
ͷ֮˿ͬͷ
⿴ùԱƣԱ˵ʲôͷΪκҪѯ
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Ա뿪ãһλԾԱ
Ƿİߣ룬30ꡣ
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ЩԤ֮УԲδʧֻպʽʱһһˡ
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ţԾġЦˡ



İʮ һ˿
ʩŮӣǣ22꣬Ҳмˣֻһֱ²𣬽һЩСӾݹһЩǡ
ǵŮӵϣԵͷŮӵգȴһֱ²𣬿ҲȦѵõһ
ӵȦӵգȴûбȾҲǳܹŮҲЩ
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΢΢һЦ˵ȻˣôΪܹڹͺðɫ𣿡
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û뵽ôʣ֮£һʱҲ֪λش



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ֵַĿһ֮󣬲߻ػױҡ
ոյȷϸܵĳֲʣһ󵨵Ĳ²⣬ŻַʽչʾһԼݼ
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һЦϵǲҲ֪ιֻҪһʣǾǺüĿɲôҵͶʵġ
ӰԼ飬ȷʵûйϵҲٶ˵ʻֿ̧˿ʱ䣬֮ЦϵҷģϸȻаš1040֣11ʱ򣬻мλŮԱԾֻͬˣҲ֪ԾЧô
ȤüλҪѡô
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ӱȻҵʱ򣬱ֵúη壬ɵӰ¥µʱҲԥ
Ҳ֪ȥпŶȥ֪ܵ飬ƫҪȥӦýִţӦýɵ
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15¥ӱ߳ݡ
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С㣬ãǣ߽һʵ
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ʱҪˣӰҪٿŷᣬҪӾ硶ԽŮˡ
ʽ֮ǰҪЯҪԱٿ¾翪ʽ
ЩɵǷǳϣܹȥ¶ֻ붼û룬ֱӸܾˣûȤȥμʲôء
ֻҡͷʵ֪ǰٷ֮ٻܾġ

1113գ硣
һԿʼħӰѧԺԽԽ죬ԽԽѧ֪ˡ
˵𣿡ԽŮǰİѾȷˣѧУġ
ǰɣȻˣӦЩ𣿡
˭֪أʲôĻɣ˵ѡеǸͬѧúƯ
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ǵϢۣͨһ֮ǰûյԾˣʲôӱ
ӱǰɣѵ֮ǰһЩԶģ
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һǾòţӱɶˣҲܸ㵽ǣһǰˡ
˭֪أžķɣʱһоˡ

ħӰѧԺĳŮҡ
ۣЩļٵģӱıѡˣⲻܰɡһŮʵ
ۺһû˵Ȼ֪ЩģҾȥġ
Ҫԭ
һҪ˶֪ӱ֮ԱѡУΪӱʹĳִҶĹ򣬶۲ӱ
ڷǳĲˬˬӱҲˬԽŮľ顣ԽŮľѡеĳλǣҲͰˣҲʲô
ƫƫѡеǸ붼ûյӱԾʱ͵ص㣬ӱġ
ԭ뿴ӱȴ˭֪ľ棬θģ
ԣԣȻ֪ӱλԾᣬҳɹѡеģⲻҪ
ֻҪЩԣȵԽŮʽԱҿǵİӱʱȻԼȥ²еԭ
͹ˡ



İʮ ͶӰ
1113գ8㣬鶼Ƶ꣬סķ䡣
ϵܣλɶȻǳˣʱƵˡЩε˵
ˣ˵ã뾡ҵµ̡
ЦЦԵżֻʵʽʣ¶٣
˵400򡣡
˵֮󣬺Щ˼
Ͼ֮ǰԽŮӾȨʱ򣬱֤1000Ͷʽûͱ400ˡ
Ȼ400ԼһĻҲǿܹĵóЧȻʹۿˡ
ɲԸ֪Ӳͬ⡣
ԣֲܿϵܷģѾȫѰµˣԱ֤1000Ͷʽ𡣡
󣬰ڰ֣˵粻⣬鲢ܹԤϺҵģҲʲô뷨
һ˵ԵһĵʵǳʣΪаҵµ̣ǵһЩʱˡ
Ϊ飬һЩõӡ
ˣλɶˣӰʲôƬ̣ʵ
ɵͷ˵ӰӺλɶĳ˵ֻǺϵλɶֻԹ˾ĿͶʣȻ׽ֺ죬Թ˾ӪЩһŲʡԣȻλɶˣӰӵλɶɶԡԽŮĿ߶ӡֻλɶʽҪȥ̡
ЦЦ˵ͺܼ൱ڻ̶ѡ
ɿЦû600ʽСҶӰӵͶַǳԿҪһʱ䡣
ЦҪʱ䣬ҶͶӰӺܽһСľѪ޹飬һ˾ͶӰӻ׬ǮȤ
һ㶣漴ܿһϲȻֺȻ˼һϵеı仯תĺܿ졣
ϵܣ˵˲ɡɿʵ
÷˵ϸΣ
ɲûбֵúǻϲǳϵܣϸ֪㲻ǮͶӰⶫϸ绹ȰϸǿǣⶫĺʵǱȽϸߵġ
ЦЦȻ֪ͶӰӷպܸߣֲʲôӰӶͶֻͶԼС˵ıƷţԺ󻹻һЩǰЩӰӡ
ǾԵֻ׬㣬׬ĻСĿ
Ȼ׬ǮҪĿģҪ׬Ǯʵ̫ˣʽҲкܶࡣ
ͶӰӵ뷨ʵƳԽŮС˵ʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
ΪڵĻʵ̫ˣҪǿĻ
ҪǿĻͶӾ磬ֻӰͱΪҪ
ΪС˵ȻĻΪĵݣȴܴĻ
ǰ磬һӹɵʵǾǲС˵ˣԶȿС˵Ҫࡣ
ôβЩС˵ˣҲܹ֪˽ӶʹĻ㷺ÿһ˵أ
𰸺ܼ򵥣ǾӰӾ硣
ӾҲãӰҲգǶС˵ӵֱ廯Ӱ񻯣Ůκ˶ԿͣĻȻͻãÿһ˶Դģͻÿһ˵ˡ
ǰһӰӾӰ£Щ֪ӹˣ֪أҲ֪Сɵ㣬һǳؤ߹֪ʮơ񹦡ȵȡȵȡ
Ҫ磬С˵֪ӹˣҲǰЩС˵һ
ԣͶӰʵļƻС
ڣӰӵһλɶʣ˵ʡ
ϵЩԭʺϸ˵Ժɵĵǣֻ˵ģҶԡԽŮӾģЩ׬ǮǻԼ׬ء
룬ҲǣԽŮĳ֮󣬲˵ܹ׬ǮԲ
գЦ˵ϵôһҲģԭѾˡϵܴʲôӹ˽
漴ãӱ˻ΪûԸͶʡԽŮҪӹԼǮء
ĺɣݸ˵粻صģħ֮ǰѾԡЦ壬עһҡΣԡЦҡˡ
ЦҡɺȻЦ˵ϵܣ⻹д㰡ҶעˣҲ֪ϸ˵˵
ⲻ֮ǰȷλɶ𣿡
ɵͷֵϵ֮ǰʵϣλɶˣ
ʼ磬˵νֲֻСԽŮһС˵
ǹһЦʽˣҲǸĸ˺ɣ˵ϵܣȻʽˣ׼ٿŷᣬʽ繫ǽҪ㡶ԽŮӾϢ
˸˵ЩԼžͺˣûա
󣬺εҡҡͷ



İʮһ Ǻܲ
1114գ10㡣
ӰħٿŷᣬʽҪ15硶ԽŮ
þıԹӹͬС˵ԽŮɹӹԵα硣
Ӱµһݣȫ֪Ӿ絼ݺִ
þɡӰӡ롰ЦϳƷͶ1000Ԫ
Ŀǰڻﱸǰڵ׼Ԥƽ10󿪻ʱЯҪԱݣħٿʽ
⣬þеĽɫѡҲѾȷǰ࣬ħӰѧԺѧӱݣʩǳݣݡ
ϢһȦ
ȻԲ̳
⼸ʱ䣬ӹصƷǾһֱԲ̳۵Ľ㡣
Ȼ߸صƷҲвἰ
죬Բ̳Ľ㣬עҪˡ
ղݣһĶߣˣҲٳǱСˣشţشš
ҲݣȻһϢԽŮҪĵӾˡ
ļٵģС˵ų£ĵӾˣ
ӹƷȻ˵ƷһӰѾٿŷˣԴˡ

ԽԽԣʼϢʱĻɣ󿴵Ӱӷرġ
ҶʱͲˡ
ȻǹӹԵα磬ǲ˵ڴֵٷ֮һ򡣡
15ĵӾ羹ȻͶ1000򣬾ԵĴڴڴ
Ҽǵáɴ桷ɡӰӡƷģҲͬǺɡڴڴ
ףЦңĪ롶Ц־ʲôϵ
㻹˵˵йϵûйϵ

һʱ䣬Բ̳ȫǹڡԽŮӾ
۵Ľ㣬Ҳطе˴ȤҲǹעĵطǾǾеĽɫЩԱݣ
һҶڷ󻡢˭ݣ̫⡣
ݣţеӡڡɴ桷гݹɫУɡ
SݣS˭ûûϵSSɣء

ǡ
ҿʩ˵İʱֲˡ
ղݣʷϵĵһŮʩôʲôǳأû
ǣҪ˵˭ʺϳʩǾǵһŮӨ
ҵĸԹԣӨŮʩӦʲôӣ룬ͼòˡ
ϧ˵ӨŮֻϲ裬ûϷĴ㣬ǵ̫ϧˡ
ӨŮϷҲӦҴҵĹϵŮɣ߾ơһ߾Ө
ǰ࣬ȻһУѧݡðɣȻʮߵͣȷѧͣܲΪһѧݰɡ
ǰҾܻ飬ͺʺϳݰ࣬˼Ҳ20꣬ݰû⡣
黹аɣҾʺϡ

۵ĽѾˣ˭ʺϳݰֻ࣬˭ʺϳʩ
ͬѣȻҲͬѣܶ˶ԼĿеġࡱ͡ʩ
ôȥǾֻһԲ̳ǣֳ˼Ӫǲɿ
˵˭ʺϳʩǱ˵˭˭ʺϣһ˵˭˭˭ʺϡ
ҳú֣Ҳ䣬ֻƺһ⡣
ﳳö֣ʩİߣҲܻ˶ı䡣
ղݣҶͣͣͣͣȥʲôãǻȥӰӵĹٷվԼٷ΢һֻ֣ȥһ£ӱʲô·Ϊʲôݰʩ
԰ﳳëߣȥӰӵĹٷ΢ôѡԱģô˾ͳݰʩأ
ȥӱʲô·ǲʲôĻӰȦ̫ˡ
УҷͷжǹӹƷԲ


Բ֣ܶطҲƽ
ħӰѧԺ
Խ磬Ӱٿŷ֮ħӰѧԺ˲ͱúܲƽ֮У԰ﵽ
Щֻ϶Χӱ
ڣҶ֪ӱ֮ǰʵûյԽŮԾ롣
ôεõԾ᣿αɹѡϵģ
һѧУѧϲʲô
ɾǸְϢοǵӰѧԺѧУ
ԣӱγɹƸϣԽŮӾǵ԰汾ԽԽࡣ


İʮ 
ħӰѧԺԺɡ
Ȼӱ治֪ʲôĴۣŵǵĻᡣ
Уʲôۣô˵Ǳһ۾ͿˣڿʲôҶ
ǵݣ˵Ӱĳλֱָ߲ģȲԸ⣬߲˵ˣӱô˾ͽʣǲòá
ǣ˵ӱΪûյԾ룬Ŷȥģȴ˭֪ڴŴһӿˣǸӣȻǡԽŮԭӹ
ȥȥԾͲʲôԭӱز¶˼һ֣͸һȾǡڣֻȫ󲿷ֵǣ֪ӱˡ
ǰ֮ǰҶƭˡ

⼸ְ汾֮⣬⻹汾Ϊʲôô汾ĳ֡
˵ף޷Ǿ֣ʣ
ǡԽŮǣ˵ӱܹƾⲿȵǶš
ÿһӰѧԺѧĻᡣ
Ȼ˼֮⣬ѧǵҲĺܺ棬ӱαѡеģ

ӰѧԺѧǼʡ棬ּ۷Ź⣬ͺһֻǣŵ˵Ѫζһ
ԽŮĵӾ磬شˡ
ڣԽŮǰߣôĴǲѡƫƫҪѡһУѧ
ʲôԭ򣿻ʲôĻȫǣֻ¶Դ¸Ĺע
ڵһʱ㵽һʲôϢְнԲ롣
ǣųǹڵĸּǣȫڵһʱ伷ħӰѧԺ
ӰѧԺּߣʮ飬ֻǣһεļʵ̫ˡ
λͬѧѧԺӱͬѧҪݡԽŮеǰһǣʲô
λͬѧΪӱͬѧܹݰһǵԭʲô
λͬѧʶӱѧУ
λͬѧ

ħӰѧԺĳŮҡ
ӱѧԺ㣬˵ʲôĶУ㲻һ£ֹЩ𣿡ϵӱȽϺõǸŮʵ
ӱɻҸ˷֮У˵˵ȥˡҼǳȥ˵ұѡеԭʲôãû˻ţԱøҡ˵Ҫ̤ӰȦԶٵġ
ŮƬ̣˵ˣʲô˵ĻǲҲãҪ̬ȣƺкܶ಻ѧԺˣڵ̬ȡ
ǲ˵޻˵Ļһſڴ
תͷȥˣüͷ΢˵ۣʲô˼
һ˽󻹸żˣʲô˼ӱԼ֪Ծ붼ûյˣȻѡˣ㲻𣿡
һļˣʱҲЩĸ͵
ʲôֵģӱȻòرƯĻǷǳĸ˲ϲأ
ǾͲҪ˼ӱ˭û˼бء
ǰӦö˼ӱѧһѧѧѧβһи󽱡

Щȥˣͬһ˵ǼʣǺޣҪ˼ӱøһ
۵ҲΣ˵񣬱˵ĺѵͲʣͲñѡеɡ
һɣ˵ĽǼʣÿ˶øһ
Цһ˵ǲԼ
Ĵ۾ŭۣ׼˵ʲôȴӱȻ˵񣬲ø磬㡣漴ֿ˵ۣ֪˼Ҫ˵ԭǲǣ
һ˵
ӱҵʱȷסûʸȥɾ뿪ʱһλˣûκ͸һԾĻᡣԾ֮ұѡˡ򵥣ˣǿԳȥˡ
ЦڳˣˣʲôӵĹˣ
ӱûҪ֪ˡ
۵㲻˵ɣûκΪ𣿡
ӱûţҲʵ
ۿӱһ˿Цӱ˵ȷҪӱ˵ࡣ
ڣӱû˵Ǹ˭Ѿ㹻ˡ
ߣ˵
ۼ˳ȥ֮Щǵ˵ӱ۶Ȼ⣬ΪʲôҪǣ
ӱЦЦ˵ⱾʵûʲôģڴҪô˵Ǿȥˡ

뼸Ů߳Ů¥ǡÿһȺųǹڵּ߳Ǵӱλˡ
Цһ뼸λŮֱЩּ߹ȥ
λѣ֪Ҫɷӱ˼ӱݵˣɷõġҽۣ֮ǰյˡԽŮԾ룬ҲȥμԾӱαԽŮѡеģҿԸǡ
һ˵һȫѾͷͻͲ׼ۡ
ͬѧô˵һϸԭ򡣡
ͬѧ
ŸߵľͷͻͲ΢΢һЦոӱ˵֣˸ߣ˵λع˭ӱԸ͸©ҲλѣҪȥӲ²⡣лл



İʮ ҪĽ
ҪȥӲ²⣿
ȥӲ²⣬ôǾͲּˡ
ǣйӱݡԽŮǰһ¸ֱϣֶҽأܿͳ硣
ݿɿϢӱˣΪþĵ֮һƬΪ֤
ذӱƷ֮һģЦҡĻϰϵܣΪ
ĻӱˣʵǡԽŮԭߣӹ

ָıϣ˵дʣɷ£ЩƬΪ֤Ƭϵ˭ǾͲö֪ˡ
ȻҶ֪Щϻ϶ףһȴ˹ʶǾӱȥԾʱ򣬱Ŷȥģȴһ˿УӶõԾĻᡣ
ô˭ȻͳΪ˶Ҫ֪顣
Щ߹ݵֲ²⣬˿ڳӹˣͲ

ͬʱӰӵĹٷ΢ڱڶˢ
һôѡԱģôһѧݰأгʩǣû
ǹӹƷȫеǶأǿɲҪ
ǽƻӨʩݰࡣ
ԶԣʲôӱǳݣǾͲĳѪ޹顣

Ӱӹٷ΢ĸһʱЩ£ʲôҵķӦôôǰҲвٵĵӾ磬˳ǣҲûʲô
˸Ͻ΢¼ܵݣҲܸ˺ɡ
һҲһ㶣ȷǣǻһЩһЩɻ󣬵û뵽ҵô
⻹ƼԱˣв˵ԱͲ
ԽŮӰԼеĵλ֮ǰеĻҪߡ
뵽ɲûΪǵģ÷ǳļ
ΪǾԵĺ顣
ЩֵԽףǾ˵ǶⲿӾԽ⣬̨Կõ
£ĳġԽŮӾʲߣ
̨ѾΪ֮ǰû¡ԽŮ˰ɡ
ϵ˵ùȻû֮ǰûаѡԽŮӾȥǺ顣ڣ̨ҪԽŮߺߣ¾û֮ǰôˡԽԽ˷ܡ
ٷ΢ĸ˼״֣ǶֵˣΪκȥô˷ܣ
룬ʵ΢ô죿
ЦûйϵҲ˵˵ѣĳʼŵʱܵñ˭졣Ȼ飬ǲ˵ʲôƺҲ˵ȥɣٸһ΢д
ǣˢˢ𾢵Ƿ֣ӰӵĹٷ΢ָˡ
λѣлǶڡԽŮӾĹעǱ֤ΡԽŮӾԱѡûκεĻÿһλԱǾͨϸ񿼺֮ģڴڼ䣬ǻѯ˹ӹ˵ԣҷģԽŮÿһλԱһʧԽŮҲһǿһһ磬Ҿڴ
ѯ˹ӹ˵ǿ仰ȫ۾һ
Ȼѯ˹ӹôӱˣ˵ķǳʺϰݰʩ
ҪȻӹҲͬġ
ǲӰӣŹӹ
ǡʱ˹˵ˣȲҪˣ֮ǰгݹӾ磬ֻڱýǱˡҿˣûƯҿȥһ
ǳúƯһ⻰ﻹ̵ס׷׶ӰӵĹٷ΢

ӱһʩİǣͬ˲ý౨
֮ǰһЩôĵӾݹһЩɫֻһֱ²ûж֪
Ȼڣּ߷ӵǹȥ֣ȫ˳֮ǰЩӾݹЩɫ
СԽŮĸ֮ǰݹЩĵӾ磬ͻȻ֮ΪѴʡ
ЩӾҲȻǰѵӾֻΪѰǵľͷ
ȷȷʵʵǻˡ
ʹЩӾĳƷĿ࣬ҪһӾȻ˼򵥣
ҪǷ֮ǰжãҲ԰ײ˼۾ͰѵӾˣǿ˲ٵĳɱ
ƷƣȻЩӾƵվȴǷǳ˷ܡ
ǵ԰ײ˼ҲûָЩӾΪվˣʵҲȷʵˣôãһֱٵÿ
ȴ˭֪ڽ죬ͻȻ֮ЩŵӾĲҪߡ
Ȼ˽죬󻡶ȵ½֮ǰǾԻ١
ңܹƾ衶ԽŮȵҲЩӾĲ
ȥˣֹȻҪˡ
ҪĽడ
Ƶվ˷ܣ



İʮ ̨๺
ǣ֮ǰݵЩӾҳ֮һףǻǺƯΪʲôһ㶼أ
Ȼǳǲ̫⣬ֻҪƯˡ
֮ǰ֮ôԣҪǳòÿڿǵĳ֮˵ȫͬҲôִˡ
ǰݵʩܲղԣԼԹڵģǾͱҪȵԽŮ֮󣬲֪ˡ
ͨǣʶԽŮƺںѡˣľ˾ϸ񿼺ˡ
ôǶڻѧӱݰһ£Ҳͬôִˡ
ȻǷĵҪԭ򣬻Ǿѡ˷ѯ˹ӹ
ˣԲ̳ڣݰʩԱѡ֮ʽһ䡣
ȻԱѡ֮Ȼһ䣬ڡԽŮӾĻ⣬ȴɻȡ
ÿһ˶ⲿӾڴ

Բ̳ӱǵĸţֻǸְҲǲڽ죬ܵľǾǼĴ
ӱ˱ȻǾϲĪҲû뵽ֻǹǽҪݰʩϢױնûһţѾһѡ
ҪǵȵԽŮʱӦûʲôӣ
ѾҸˡ
һǣ綼ǹӱǵıҲ࣬ӹƷӰô
ƺʦƷеһȰ
ʦƷøһӹƷƺҲԱһϷĿܰ
һǣҪӰӵǣԶĽѡ
һĽһЩȴЩᡣ
ǾǽҪڡԽŮӾУݷ󻡢Ƚɫ롢Sˡ
ͬǳһӾ磬ӱ˳Ϊ罹㣬ȴʽôôأ

Ҳø̨סˣ֮ǰӰӽӴҪԽŮȴΪ۸ԭûйɹĵ̨
֪ԽŮӾӰô󣬵ֺαذѼ۸ѹôء
ܹ΢ĸһЩ˵Ѿɹˡ
עôߵĵӾ磬ĳЧôҲ͵ȥ
ڣ̨֪ѾѵĹʱ
Ҫ򣬲Ҫ֮ǰߵöļ۸񣬻Ҫٸĵ̨ľ۸ֻ¸ˡ
ˣ̨ȻǷ׷׳֣ڸּѾԽŮпҪܹɹ£׬⡣
ֶܹȨȻõġ

ڵǳãҪעЦ
ԭΪ̨Ҫٹ۲һ죬ŻٴǰԽŮȴ˭֪ٿŷᣬ̨ͷӵˡ
ʲôħԸÿ130ļ۸ֶȨˣ
˼ÿ130֮ǰļ۸۸
Ըÿ150ļ۸ֶȨ
ţÿ150ļ۸ȷǲˣҪǿǡ
ҲҪֶȨÿԸ160
ѽ۸ԽԽߣ⻹ٿһûиߵġ

ˬ֮ǰһĵֶ̨Ȩߵļ۸ֻÿ100
ÿ100151500㡶ԽŮͶ1000򣬼ϹӾȨ300ܳɱ1300
׬200򣬲ڡԽŮ˵Ȼ̫ˡ
֮ǰֶȨļ۸񣬱Ϊÿ130ȴûе̨Ը
ڣߵĵ̨Ѿÿ160ˣ152400
Ѿ׬1100ˣټ֮ĴֲȨԼİȨѾǴ׬ˡ
һûпĵĵӾ磬Ѿȷ׬Ƕں˵ǶӰ˵ĵͷһΡ
ӰӣλɶڶǷǳ˷ܡ
Ȼ˷֮࣬ҲһЩź
Ǿ¡ԽŮ׬ٶ࣬Ҳֻõ40%
Ϊ60%ҪڡЦҡ
ǰװ״һ׬Ǯĺûᡣ
˵ЩѾˡ
ҲΪӰӵͶֻռ40%ˣԼӰɣڵ̨ıۺЩ⶯ҲûӦ
ǻҪõЦҡͬ⡣
Ȼ֪ʵϾҪõͬ⡣
ǲòһԸͶʡԽŮӾ磬ǿ׼׬Ǯ

ٴסľƵ귿䣬͵̨ԽŮһ
úɰѸ̨ĳ˵֮󣬺ǺЦ磬ƺ⶯
ҲЦϵܣ⻹ûпĵĵӾ磬ȷ׬ôǮӰӻͷһء
ͷԴʮ⣬ֻ
Ϊֵ̨ÿǮļ۸ֱϣ֮ⲿӾж𱬣ƷûκεĹϵˡ
˵ͶӰĿģΪ׬ǮⲢ׬Ǯǡ
ҪӾ棬̨ʹҹԽߣӾҲӦԽߡ



İʮ ĺʽ
鶼Ƶ꣬ڵķ䡣
ʵ磬Ҽǵûһ̨ķʽǸݵӾյļ۸񣬶Բԣ
ɵͷ˵ȷôһַʽֻǺгƷַʽΪⶫ̫˭Ҳ޷ԤϣһϱһЩϵ㲻ַʽɣ
ЦȷģԽŮÿ100ļ۸ȥȻֶȨȻ̶̨һ׼ʣ֮ͰԽŮյƽʣȻ׼ÿ߳0.1ÿһļ۸10򡣵ȻԽŮյƽʣڻ׼ʣǫֻ̂Ҫ۸80%Ҳÿ80򡣡
һ㶣ֺʽδŰҪúõһˡ
ȣÿ100ļ۸Ѿȷ׬200
̨֮Эһ׼ʣԻ׼2.1ȷÿ߳0.1ÿһļ۸10
Ҳ˵յƽΪ2.2ôÿһļ۸110
2.3Ǿ120

3.1ÿһļ۸񽫻ᵽ200
ɵ۾ԽԽԽԽϵܣֺʽҲܹó
˵յʵڻ׼ʣôÿֻ80151200
1300ĳɱҪ100򣬵ʵ̫СˣֱӿԺԲơ
Ҫǣ̨ӦҲֺʽǳȤ˵ȸ߼ֱϵķոС
˵Ӿʸߣ׬ǮҪһֳȥƷ˵׬һЩҲûʲô
ֺʽһҲǺΪĵط
Ǿôĵ̨ҪԽŮô˭ܹչɹǾҪ˭Ļ׼ʣˡ
˭Ļ׼ͣô˭ͻչɹ
ΪڳƷ˵̨Ļ׼ԽͣƷĵӾﵽ׼ʵĿԾԽߣ֮ÿһǵļ۸ҲԽߡ
̨أΪܹⲿӾ磬Իѻ׼ʣֵܹܵ
ȻֵǶ٣̨ͱݸϢϸˡ
ֻ̨Ҳͷ۲ѣΪҪǵʵ̫ˣԵӾʵԤյĹжٵȵȡȵȡ
ƷߣֻҪһҵ̨Ļ׼;Ϳˡ
ԽԽ
ȻƷҪһµ̨ʵ⡣
磬ħӸĻ׼Ϊ2.5һҵط̨ȴ2.0Ļ׼ʡ
ôƷȻѡħӣϾӵʣ϶Щط̨ܹȵġ
⣬ƷԼҲҪԻ׼һҪǸ̨ʶǳߣǾͿˡ

뿪סľƵʱ֮ǰá
صӰӣĺʽӰӵĸ߲һ˵߲ҲǷǳϲĺʽǳͬ
ȻֺʽҪȡòҪһǰᣬǾǡԽŮʱ벻͡
ġ
̨Ӱ߸ĺʽ΢΢֮󣬷׷״Լ
գǳֺʽǺ
ȻмҴֱ̨ϣ۸һҲûйϵӰ߾϶ֺʽˣҲûа취ֻٿ飬ѻ׼ʶΪ٣żȿԳɹ򵽡ԽŮֿǫ̃󻯡
ȻҲ֪ҵֻ̨ɱӰ̵˭ǴѵĹʱء
ԽŮֶȨ׻Ứ˭ңƻҪʱȷ
ֻӰӲżȻ͸Ӳἱˡ

ȵ뿪֮󣬱½Բ̳
ʱǵ۽㣬ѾӡԽŮӾϣ»صˡǾ
Ϊ1114ţһڵġЦУǾĵµ£ҪǼˡ
⼸죬ڡǾĺ飬ñռǵջǹ⻷ʼţƿʼɵۣһֱûͣ
ǣһڵġЦνڴѾá

1115գڸʡ˵Ǳһ졣
˵ڡЦķһһڵıһڱ֮һڵֶ̻30ᣬԵ˵̫ˡ
˵ģ˶ڽ峿ԸԳõһڵġЦ
ǻ򼲲ߣꡢͤѡһط£Ȳķиո򵽵ġЦ
ΪĲˡ
⣬˵ﶼһ£ǶǵãݷͰѵƻĲˡ
ڣΪĲˣɶ˼
˶ȲҪ֪𰸡
Ȼ֮ǰǻһĵ飬ǾǶ䵽û
ڵµĽβֻ˵ҩɽľ綾û˵ˡ
ܶ˶ڴ¿ʼΪĳֻԵ漣Ļ
ΪˣԲ̳ﻹвˣͶ䵽׻᲻۹
ϧǾͯµһʼж߾ͱķ֣ڻˡ
Ȼһڵʱ䣬ǿڻ˵ʱȻ̲סȻˡ
ڿǾ½ڵϲã뿴ǾʱıˣֽȻ෴飬ÿһλߵļ䡣



İʮ ֵܣ鷳
ڶǸոտ˵¡ĲˡĿͷ֣ͱķּ֣ѹֵٶϮ
ԭΪѾϰѹֵգǡǾ½ڼŰҲܹ̹Ȼܡ
Ȼڲŷ֣ѹֵգεϰߣȴʼ޷̹Ȼܡ
ԼԼܡ
˭Ǿ˹ӹ˵ĶأＴܣҲ־;
Ǿͼɣڶȫ̾һ
󣬵Ϊ˶򸮵׷ɱŶʬ壬ڻӽһ˼Ҷ
ڲĵƣȻһǣƣʮںĲˣĲˣ
ݷ
鼤֮£ŷ֣ӽ⴦˼ңȻݷļҡ
ֻ˲ƣǡ硣
ĲˡϣֻݷһˣẰΪĲˡ
ڵΪݷںȫʱȴֱķ֣ݷںںŮ
Ů
ŮȡΪĲˡ
֮ԺŮΪŮ׽ԲصϷ
ŮܿɰҲܰҸ
ȻڲĵƣǰһУָ飿
ǿһµĿΪҪȡΪĲˡ
ҲˣӹҪǵһŰ׵Ľࡣ
ǿԼ֮ǰˣŮһ׽ԲصĻ档
Ů֣֮ǰԼרν
ж౯磿ϻҲ͹ӹ˸д
ȻҲԿһ⣬ǾݷǵȻи飿
ҪΪʲôҪԼŮȡΪĲˡ
ÿһλ߶˼⡣
𰸣Ӧǿ϶ġ
Ϊڽݷڷ˲ĵƣʱȴͻȻѰݷ
ݷΪ˲緢ֵƣ
ֻǵݷ֪Ѿּͨ󣬷˲ĵơ
ڸݷ뿪֮̾һ˷˲񷿣Ҫɱơ
ȴ˭֪ƶ˸ܾˣͬʱڲ
˻Եʱݷ쳣Ѱ˹
ôһݷǰҲÿһλߵǰ
Ǿǣˣ˭ѹƱضɱһˡ
һ֮ǰˣһڵɷݷϣ˭
ڻŵˣݷСŮмкܴĲʱҪݷҪѡһˣת֪ѡ˭
ݷѡûи𰸡
һתʱѾһ˳µСˡ
СֻеһˣԼʬ壬ܵѾ˰ˣֻǰúǴæڵԱߣһװκİ
¡Ĳˡ

һ£ȫһһµ󣬵һǹ⻷
ȻûнǱ˭ȵСϵģӦݷɡ
ڶߵ΢һЩݷȻ޸磬Եվ⡣
һ룬ݷ֮Ի޸磬ҪΪƭˣ㲻
ҲһŮ˰
ֻǿϧСʱȴΪݷ
ΪΪ֮ԻɱΪݷȥ籨š
ݷȻɱˣȻپ
ǿǺͷȥײǽĳȥߵƣɵݷ㺣㿴𣿡
ݷɵҲɵðɣ̫ˡ

£Ϣ֮󣬱ֿʼ¡
Ϊ
С˳£ȴ˭֪һˣѪµһɮ
Ϊԭ򣬱Ҫɱơ
书ǿԶǶֻ֣ôŶʬһ·Ӷݣӵһ
Ȼȴֻͬʱûзֵơ
ȵҹƳű˯ʱ͵͵ӳȻʬȴûд
ڶ죬˶ʬ壬Ϊûضʬ壬ʼ˼ƣֻԴʲôõİ취
գΪԼͷͺӺҡܳסòԱûпò
ֻҪԼͷȫεװһͺȻϲˣлûضʬˡ
뵽ûйߣžʹְԼͷһθ⡣
еĶ߿پͷƤ飬ԾĴ
ӹ˸ǵƵжĳ𰡣
ǰԼͷһѸ⣬֮ǰ˵ǿҲ롣
˵ߣеߣǶ롣
ƫƫӹ˾дˡ
Ƿ֣Ѿ²ˣѾӹ׵Ĵˡ
ڣһǱľٶվûа׷ѡ
ͺڱǰʱȻѾϲˡ
ȻڶڴŵƴǶûضʬʱ
ȴΪûгʳҪԵƣƿסõԼȥҸյˮȻɱðѵƵʬӽȥ˳ԡ
Ѿ²۵Ķǣǲò˵ֵܣ鷳һ²һٱ顣
Ƕ˼ꡢʮ꣬Ǽʮʹûпǵľ顣



İʮ ˣˣ
ڶƴ²100֮󣬲ż¿
Ȼ֪ǲܱ˵ģôҪβأ
ƻȥһƹһЩˮһţʼˮ
Ȼѡɱһˮһʱ취
зֻ󣬱Ա˵Ȱ˸ԣܺóԵġ
룬ͬ˵Ƶ˵
ǣƱֻƶǣ˸ԡ
ô˵վǣôŰҲҪһЩǹ⻷ġ
ڣһǹ⻷ֻȻо綾ģԵƵһɮ󣬾ôϡͿıֻˡ
ӴȥǿȫЩεĸ̾
ǻΪܹʲôأ˭֪ȴôһ
Ҳǣ͵ʲôƣкѾǳˡ
ٱ֮ǰݺ˳Ľǡ
ٽϵ𣬱㴩˱ѣ˶ʬ壬ò˶ǻңϣ·
Ӧ䣬Ҫ˪ᣬһ·Ŷʬ壬ֻǴʬվǲ㣬ŷʬ壬ȡ˹ǻҡ
·ĵƣǣһ㷷ӵĶŹ֮У˱ѣǹͷΪѪŵСɮ
ǺİС彣˫֮ƵХˮϣȴХˮϵ˻ˣƵĴҲˮϵȶϡ
֮󣬶˴ȵĵƣۿžҪˣѪŵСɮסˡ
¡
£ֻͬ˹ɽһ㣬µģʱʱɣƣ
С˵Ҳôˡٶͬʱ﷢ĸп

Բ̳
вٵԶһڵġЦ򲻵ЦˣȴԶˡЦҪöࡣ
ǴʱȫԲ̳۰Ͱ͵ĵЩˡǾ½ڵˣǰǷ½ڵݡ
ȻԶԼù񫣬Ҳ
Ҳ֪Цʲôʱ򣬲ܹȫۣͬ
ԸܹһЩɡ
ʡǹͬ
һڣһ죬ŵȵǾĵڶº͵µݡ
Ӧòõô˰ɡ
ȻڵȵʱҲǰϹȡһߵȣһ߾⼸۵ļ⣬ֻۡ
Զ䵽ûǼ磬ǹ⻷Ϊҡ
Щ۽쵹ûгãΪҺ֪ܿ˴𰸡
һһЩˡǾ½ڵˣûôˣ࿴֮󣬾Բ̳
Ҳˣˡ
ݷǹյѾһŮˣĲˡ
ݷԵȻи飬ҲһŮ˰
ǱȻԼͷһİ˸⣬жҪı󡣡
Ϊж˱󣬴Ӵ֮أȴ˭֪ˡⶫԵ˵ǸݳƷ
ǰոպһΣͱ˵Сɮȶ˴ȣۿžҪסˡ

һһȻЩңҲû˵ϸڲ֣ڶȴǣǿһ顣
ǾǵƵıڼ
ѾһָоǾҪһˡ

Ƶûбס
Ǵʣʼ£Ѫ档
һʼǾͷ֣ĵƻǱ˸סˡ
ڵƼɱʱһϺиϹ
ϺѪŵţѪ档ҲǱʦ
ڵƴ˱ѣѪΪͽȡ
Ѫ治˵ƣ˳°ˮһ뿪
Ѫ棿ղݣֺţưٶ߿һȼǵһοôţƵ֡
ټѪȻոճôоⶨȻһ书ҲǼߡ
ȻɣѪ濴ȥʲôˡ
Ǿк𣿳˵ơ䡢ݷҲ֮⣬ƺҲûкˡ
ЩǺˣʵȴսթСˣǷ֣ǸϲдšҾǻˡѪ档
ѪһνǾ˲ٶߡ
־ޣŸոտʼ
Ѫ°ߵˮϣˮ᷵Ů
ˮ½㡢ɡ˷˱֮Ϊ仨ˮԭĸֳ֣Ϊ桱
Ѫ°ˮϣ仨ˮһȺһ·׷ϣҪȻˮϡ
Ѫ书ߣȴҲֻ롰仨ˮеһ˶൱׷Ѫֻôŵˮһ·ߡ
ߵĹУѪȴǲŲæʾϾ̷꣬Ϣһ˿ûн׷
ٶ߿ΪѪ۷ֻκЩԶҲ׷֮ϡ
ֻǣǺܿͷЩԾ
ⲻ԰ѪǻˣǷ׷ϵЩֺ۲Ǻˣ
ôź׷ϻأ
ʲô
ٶ߾ãҪúõİһˡ


İʮ ֽ
뻵ˣ
Ѫǻ𣿴ǿ϶ġ
ѪһɱɱкˣҲлˣѪ滹ϲɱ޹
ѪһЦƽͰɱ޹ҪĲɱ֮ˣ
Ѫһ׵׵Ļˣֻ̹ϷдšҾǻˡ
Ȼ׷ϵԡ仨ˮΪ׵ȺǺ
ǰɣֻǵûдšǺˡ֣ЩʱȽѷֱˡ
ϣһ񣬲Žż¿
ܿ죬ǾͰѡ뻵ˡ׵Ժȥˡ
ΪѪܵĹУ˵һŵϰ
ǣϰ۷Ź⡣
ϰֽ
ϰ֮ʱһűֽһϣһȥһֽϵĵһɲڶšȻڶڶţţֱһֽꡣ
ǡأһ鶹ľ֮ϣһҪһ鶹ɶʮƬÿһƬƣһйСˡ
ֽٶ߿ʱֲˡ
ֻһβΪǵʲôŰΪֽֽϰ
ĥţԼǲҲһѵôһ˵һأ
֣ˣԺȥװơˣ˧ãҲһ
ңҪֹߣ˵΢鷳һЩ֮⣬ֽͶʵ̫Ūˡ
ԽԽǸоԼڵ궯޲óһѴ󵶣ߺ߹Ŀһͨ
궯֮£˼˲٣˭ùӹϰдôּأ
Ҫ֪ĶŮĹһֱһֽĶ
ŴεĶߣܵء
һѾӽβ
Ѫŵˮһ·ӣӽһѩɽУʷѩ˴ѩɽУõȵʱڣѩڻ֮ʱܳȥ
֮һĻС仨ˮˡ
¡Ѫ桱㵽

뿴ǰºڶ˴ʱ˲һһڡǾ½ںڶĶһͷԲ̳
̫˵ĻҪĹ۵㣬еҪ˵֪
۹ѪţƲţƣûиоһԵơ
仨ˮڵǳˡ
ǣûҪϰɾ书ģһֶؼѧĸϽ˽ҡ
УؼǧҪϵ˼Ѫ̵Ƶ
˵ӹ뵽⡮ֽģĪǹӹһλָ֣Լ
ٺ٣ҵȥһѵһԣһ㱨ϰɹ
¥ϺģҪСЩ𵶷ûɣԼСˡ
˵¥ϵ¥ϣС֮󣬷һ־ء


ˡǾˣһһ˵ú֣ûȴһ±ƺץ
ղݣֽô£һ˵

ħ鶼Ƶꡣ
µĿţԲ̳ǵۡ
һѪһͻ˲ٵֽǱǽֵ
֮ԻΪ֮ǰеС˵дɫ֮ʱȫǷǳͳһʴ
һԼҲ֪ӦǸ
ҲûҪ䷽дϸ
ʹáֽһ֣Ǿ˵Ĳ

ģʵԶԶֻЩͨԡ
ʥ壬Եӡ
֣࿴־ҡͷֽ̾Ҳ֪СģȥƺЩСӵдҪòٵץԴҲҪŪһϸдԼС˵ȥˡ

㽭ĳסԢ
ͬ־˼֣Ȼͬ
һ֮ǰûгֹдҲû뵽ҪддԷǳö⵽еĽɫЩʽ书ġ
ַḻС˵дС˵ķչҲŲС塣
ÿÿӹƷʱ򣬶һЩ벻ջ
ʱ򲻽룬ʱ򣬿ԿӹЩƷС˵ĳɾͣӦûҪߵöɡ

֣ࡢһʱȫвٵߣšֽһڡ
ЩߵĽЩǼʣЩǺޡ
Ȼ۷Ź⣬ӹһдܵ˲ٵ׷ĥţЩʲô䷽
ΣܰдԼС˵



İʮ ̼ܵ
Ѫֽĳ֣ں̶ܴϣ˹ᴩڡǾıա
ҲΪ˽Բ̳棬ȵ⡣
ȻҲеԣ֮ͣ߸˵ķ˿ǣھͷǳƺͲˬ
ƾʲôҶ˵ӹ˵飬Ӣᡷ롶顷½Ҳǳʣòã
ʵǵ˵Ӣᡷ롶顷½ݣҲȷǲ
߸µ½һЩµͻƣҲ϶ˡ
ڡӢᡷ롶顷½ڵݣʵǷǳͬġ
ֻιӹġѪ桱롰ֽʵ̫ˣֻðѡӢᡷ롶顷ʱȷһߡ
ȵѡѪ桱롰ֽ۵Ĳʱǻ͡Ӣᡷ롶顷½ݣһЩ۵ġ

ħĳסԢ
ü˼˼һ⣬ΪʲôѪаȴܹ֮ߵ
Ϊӹԭ򣿻ǹӹ̻Ѫ汾ԭ
Ҳ˵Ѫôߵӹûйϵ
ѪǳһλУͬڣͬдѪ᲻ߣ
¾ҪŪ⣬ȻӹһаͰġӢᡷ˦ǳƺͲġ
ò˵һǳ˼ѧϰߣȵףֻȡһЩµͻơ
⣬֮ԻôŬоӹƷһҪԭǾ챻̼ˡ
ԽŮıӾ̼ˡ
죬ԽŮҪĳɵӾϢʱ˶Ȧˡ
ΪĴ֮һС˵ʮأƷʮ֮ࡣ
ȻȴֻƷı˵Ӿ磬һͶʺСĵӾ硣
ӹأոճһС˵Ƕƪµʱ䣬ѾıɵӾˡ
һͶ1000Ĵ15ĵӾͶ1000
еĲ࣬Ѿá󡱿ݵˡ
ԣǳ׵ı̼ˡ
²ֻ֪ʡ޵ˡ
ԣʼȫĵͶ뵽оӹС˵С
֮ǰҪͶöࡣ

ԽŮıӾ̼ңԶԶֹһˡ
ʵϣȫеҶ̼ˣ㽭ңƵ㽭ĴңȻҲ⡣
Ҫ֪ȫУмңƷıΪӾ硣
󲿷ֵңдʮƷûһıΪӾ硣
˵ƷıΪӾ磬ⱲԸ
ԣԽŮıΪӾϢ֮ʱܵĴ̼֮󣬾Ϳ֪ˡ
ֻϧǣвٵң֮ǰӹЩң̼֮󣬲ȥоӹƷŪΪʲôԽŮôͿĵӾ磿
Թӹ˼ԹޣΪֻƾװơ
ʲôװˣ
ôûУ˵Щ΢ʲôǳ˵ͯʲô顢Ů鳤ȵȡȵȡ
⻹װ
ЩǴ˼άඥĻȴΪװƣҲĪκε顣
֪ˣҲֻһ̾Ϣ
ڻиң̼֮ҲͬһʼϸоӹƷ
ÿһдÿһ԰ףÿһдÿһλɫĿ̻ȵȡȵȡ
ȫһһϸо
˵ÿһλҵ츳иеͣҲеңܹͨоͻƣһֱоȥվǻջġ
ҲЩջ񻹲дܹıɵӾƷڹԣԼĻ˵ȴ˵ġ
֪ˣҲȻǳο
磬ûܹﵽǰӹĸ߶ȣС˵ҪټҪߡ
ͬǰһڡ𡢹šơ¡֮£ߣ˲ٵƷʹǰС˵Ļͬǹһ財
磬ƷҲͬҪƷ
ȻҲܼįǡ

㽭ĳסԢ
߸ҲͬоǾ½ڡ
дʮأǵһ˵һаҲӵߵ
Ѫ棬Ϊʲôӵߵо͸ˡ
ôԺڴС˵ʱ򣬶ڷĿ̻Ȼ࣬Ҳ
Ϊ㽭Ĵ֮һȥоһڵ˵Ʒ߸ǿɬҲúûӡ
߸ΪоӹƷڽȴһᴴȹӹƷ
ǸʱʲôҲһˡ


İʮ СӣȷҪ£
1116ա
ھƵԹ緹յĻγƵ꣬ȥתһת
ħĴУǵһҲӦȥһеķǡ
ǱߵĳﱸҪһңڽļʱС
˾Ƶ꣬ҲûʲôĿĵأѡһֵôƵĿʼε
ֵֻϣ¥϶һЩ칫¥ײ̿ȥҲһЩߵ̣ûжٹ˿ͣ·ϵɫҴңȤ
;ѡһ·սһֵֵոֵҲ֮ࡣ
ĽֵܹԳеĹ񣬵й˵ЩȤˡ
ȻȤǾٹһֵ߹հ˹գһСʱ֮۾һ
ֵϣԵĸ¥ûôˣ칫¥ҲˣֵԵҲôˣÿһﶼвٵĹ˿͡
·ϵ಻ɫҴң˳ӿĳһЩطܿСС
еһַַҪӵһЩ
ǴãһЦµĿŽֵԸʽ̡
ֻһ·߹ȥƺܾһЩһֵĸо
ʲôأ
һ߿ӿȺһ⣬˵ǲӦָоġ
ֵ̡ȺЩʲôأ
һû𰸣ҲʱȥˡЩʱԽ뷴Խ벻Ӧʱſ˵Ȼˡ
ְ֣ǸһСŮĶ䡣
СѾͷЩƣѰȥһ10СŮԱһ30ҵӵ½ǣһָֻǰһС̷̯ӡ
СŮ۵ԲԲģ۾ܴպøǵüϣȥʮֿɰ
۾һСŮӲСѾͷЩƣþȻҲһЩƣֻСŮûС˵ĸо
ţӦӲŶСѾͷûûСľǷֹһ
õСѾͷʲôԻһƲ˵磬ǮҪǸ
СŮһŰְֵ½ǣһ̷ָλã϶ڴ֮ɫɰ
СŮ̷ָҲ۾һȻ޻ǵġ
޻ǣУǰСʱûٳⶫÿȥϽֵʱ򣬶ϰһ
ʱɽѧУУſڣһλүү޻ǣǮõʱǻڷѧʱȥһһ߳һ߻ؼңòҸ
ֻǳ޻ǵĽˣżȴǻ䡣
û뵽磬ĴȻܹ޻ǵģ˵ϲ
30ҵӣŮ˵Ҫ޻ǣĿŮһۣ˵ãְָһ
СŮӶʱ˵ıģ޻ðģһֽСԣ۸Ҳˣҳһ㶼
ֻǣӵУһ˿ɫ
ȻΪСŮҪ޻ǶǣӦΪ˱ʲô顣
ûʲôϵյ鱾ͺܶ࣬ÿ˶ָĿգɫ֡
ӺСŮվ̯λǰȴš
ʱ̯λǰΧ10ˣʦ⿴
Ҳڴפͣ΢Цſ޻ǵʦһװǷŽתУȻһǩﲻͣתǩϵ޻ԽԽ࣬ԽԽ֡
ǻ䡣
ͻȻƼһ20ҵݸӣĿΧ޻̯λǰȺݸƮϴ
ԣݸר˳⡱ġ
ǺһЦɫļݸӡ
ܿ죬ݸӵ۾һ£ӦǷ˿ֵĿꡣ
вһʧЦΪݸӸոյݸӵĿ꣬ǸСŮӵĸס
ݸߵСŮӸ׵ԣװҪȺӣСŮӸ׵ʹĿ˿
СŮӵĸ׻Ǿ뼷ȥרעĳ飬ֻݸӵַ̫ڶǮ˳֮ɺ޲
ݸǮ֣ɫһϲȴû첽뿪վƬ̣ſʼƶ
ְ
ݸ˳ȺɫĻϲ׼µ뿪һתȴһ20ӣЦ
ݸӿĪЦݣ￩һ£ѵСӿˣ
ڼ뿪Աã׼ǰʱ򣬷Ǹֵǰ
Ѿȷոյ飬ǱǰСӿˡ
СӣҪ¡ݸӵȵ
ǰӣûԼߣҲͲ¶Էֻֻ뿪£ŵȵҪԷ֪Ȥ˿
ֻǣӲûÿĴ㣬ǺǺЦҪ뿪ԣһͳɡ
ݸȻ֪Է˵ġʲôֻôܣô׵ľͰѵֵĶȥ
СӣȷҪ£ݸӵ


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ݸӶȻˡ
ǺǺһЦ˵Ҳ£ѶңȻ뿪
˵ĶʱҲ޻̯λǰΧŵȺע⣬ֻǴҶûиţʲô
ݸӼҶע⵽ˣвЩЩ͵ɳȥվ鷳һ
ɵֵĶôܾȥһݣһѡ
һͣһСˮϣȵСӣ𣿸Ͻÿ
һ̾˵ˣαأ˵Էļһġ
ݸֻһʹͻȻϮһͺеˮҲòȣѵһڵϡ
漴ǵͨ죬ЩֵĿŶӣȻЦǺǵģֻЦݣڵݸУͬĶħЦһ㡣
²˿ԥæԼ֣ƲԼҲ㶵һǮЩĵݸӡ
ӽӹǮ֮Ȼǲ뿪ֻЩηĿ˶һۣȻֻæĵԴ
޻̯λǰΧŵˣáѵһڵϵˮʱȫһ޻ǵʦһ֮£ҲæֹͣԼеĶ
еû˵ĸоȫ˾ǲԾԶһЩ޻ǵʦҲڿҪҪ̯λŲһŲ
Ǹݸӣ߶µĴӿ㶵óһǮ־һͷˮȫ
˵ٰɣôٵûӱһѵ
Ȼһ⡣
СŮĸ׿ݸݳȥǮ۾һæԼĿ㶵ȥһʱôˡ

ӹǮͷˡ
ݸ⻰֮ɴһ΢΢һףȻƹҴҵĵͷȥ
ǮҡҡͷҪ£ֻȻˣҲܲܵûпɡ
ݸߺСŮĸףæСŮ֣첽˹
ҲӭǰȥǮСŮĸף֮СŮɰ
СŮĸףæм˵λֵܣ⡭⡭̫лˡֶ֮СŮ˵ܿܿλ˵ллְֵǮղűС͵͵ˣλûġ
СŮһֻŰְֵ½ǣ۾Щȵ˵лл壡
ǺһЦСѾͷЩСŮٴ˵ܿܿԡ漴ֶСŮĸ˵ûйϵ֮Ͷѡ
СŮĸٴε˼лΧҲ綼ô¶ʱҲ׷˵СúãСӲȵȡ
ʱ򣬵Щ˼ټˣ˵ٿСŮһۣ뿪޻ǵ̯λ
һСȴɲֵҲַǷ
Сʱ֮սԱߵһֵ͸ոһֵЩƣ˳ӿԵʲôĶУ·Ьӡȵȡȵȡ
Щ𱬣Щ壬ʱֵĸоϮͷ
⻹˹ˣ°ͣǰߡ
ܿ죬һע⣬̵λЩ⣬̵ˮƽλãֵ·ƽΨһĵΣˮƽλñֵ֮·棬Ҫ߳1ҡ
ӽֵϽ뵽УҪġ׵̨ס
Ҫ̨׵ԭ̵嵭һ˿ͶûС
ȻⲻעԭԭǣոƳһСŮӰһ£ӰϡǸ޻ǣܿܿĿɰСŮ
˼һ뵽һֿܣܿܿĸ׿ģ޻ǵ̯λǰܿܿĸ֮ɫΪԼⲻõԭ
ԵСŮͦԵǺһЦ漴̨̤ף̡߽
ӭ٣סֵ㣬ӭӭһӵ֮Уִžϲ
ӺܾȣȴһҲȣֻǰһȻ²ûдҵ껹ǸܿܿСŮĸ׿ġ
ԭ￪ꡣǺЦ
漴ܴһҵ̵̣С60ƽңĶ·ӡЬΪ
ͨƽһҵֻ꣬ʵ̫һЩ
ֲָߵ̣⣬һ¹ⶼ׬Ҳѹеɫˡ
ĻҲЦǰѾ˼ˣֵпϵĶãո̫лˡ
ͷڶøжˣǻøС
ãʱܿܿҲ˳Щȡ
ܿܿԣּˡǺЦ
漴ֿ˿ӣ룬˵ϰ壬ƺð



İʮ 
Ļ֮һ̾ЦҲֵЦֵܽǵλҵĿˣȻֵܲǿˣǣҵ˼ǡ
ЦŰڰ֣˵Ҷϰ˼ϰһֱã
ʾŮԼȥ棬Ȼ˵ҵ꿪ˣտʼһµ⻹Уܹ׬һЩǮֻǺͲˣѾһ첻һˡ
ͷ˿ȥһصĽֵˮƽ棬˵ϰⲻõԭ򣿵ȻҾһʣϰ㣬ǲػش𡣡
ӿûаͨˣҲмֲʲôش⣬ҲΪ͸Խ˵һء
̾ʲô˵ģ˵ֵܼЦҸոտֵܿ˿⣬ֵܵ˼ҪǼ̨ףӦþⲻõһҪԭ
ԭž⼸̨ףӦûʲôӰŶԣطҲҪһЩȻҲпʲôԭ򡣰ʱ͸ڵĵһĶ˼𱬣ȴʽĪκΡ
ͷͬΪ⼸̨ףҵⲻõҪԭҲҪ
⿴ȥƺܣжôӸո˵һǽǽһģһĵ꣬пһãһҵ
Ҫȥáԡһʣܽһ
Ǿ˵˼йԵģǹִΪһҵҪһҵãִֹĹ˼άֻͨԵ粨ϵΧ䣬ӶӰ쵽Χˡ
ö֮ӰȺԽԽ࣬һãһҵˡ
Ȼֻĸܲ⣬ûпѧݣҿҲˣؽ档
Ŷϰ壬⿪ŵģոôǱߡЩɻʵ
ϰЦЦ˵ⲻΪⲻãҾĥſһ棬᲻һЩһҹ湫˾һ档Ϲ湫˾֪ͨң˵ѾˣҸովȥùġڵҵİտһˣҰ˱뿪æȥˡ
棿
ͷͻȻһ֪Լ֮ǰڽϵʱΪʲôʼջһʲôĸоˡ
֮ЩȻʧЦ⡭⻹ǰġ
ûֵϣЩУܸо˵Ķǹ档
ȻⲢ˵Щûй棬෴Щ̵Ĺ滹ƵķǳƯһרҵʦƵġ
ָĹ棬ǰĽֵϣЩʹõģЩָ˵Ĺ档
ֽ棬첻ͣظŵԴ档
ȥȻˣò˵Чǳá
ĽֵϣЩ˹ЧȻЩרҵƵƯá
ڰˣֻԼԺһˬЦǺǶ˵ԭϰùȥˣϰѹźЧô
ԣһЦ˵һûͰſˣЧǵһλĿˡ
ʵӲȷǲǱԼĹģ˵һЩԳ˼
˿ӣҲϵԳ֮⣬Цߣϰ壬ȥһĹ档
ӴӦһһ߳ţ̨ףͷָһ1׶ߣ60ҵĺ˵ֵ뿴ź
ͷղŽʱѾˣֻǲ֪Ӹողûġ
źֵϵ࣬ƵúƯȴֱҡͷĺЩߵǰȽϺʣƲκεЧ
ӰѹаСʱˣһ˿Ҳû꣬Ҳ֤һ㡣
գ˵ϰ壬ҹƺЧ
ӵͷ̾ȻҲֻ֪ǳҲ벻İ취ˡҲûйϵˣѾ׼µףͰӿתóȥȻʧһǮȥǮࡣ
÷ĵͷܿЩصһЦ˵ϰ壬ҵһӣϲ١
϶ʱ¶ϲ֮ɫæֵ֡ܣʲôӣ˵
˵꣬ŷԼҲ̫ļЩЩ˼˵ֵܼЦˣҪͶȫļҵſҵ꣬⡭⡭
ڰ֣Цûйϵϰ壬Ȼ˾ԵߣȽȥϸ˵
æԶԣӦȽ꣬㿴⡭ôֵһֱվ˵ء
˵꣬æ¡
ⲻʵǱ˶˵а취ĵδؿţţҲȻ
Ȼһ
Կ͵ǮǸС͵ΡΡİ͵Ǯݸʱ򣬾Ѿоǳˡ
ټϸոĽӴôʱ䣬ϣܵһĪʡ
ʹ˵ĻǳΡ
ȡֽһֽддһ߽
һһһ㶵ģʱ˼ĵɴ۾ʱֺɻü˼Ƿǳķḻ
˵꣬ӹ˺һֵ̽ܣⷽûùܸооЩʲô𣿡
Ȼʮķνֱӻۣһʱ֮Щýܡ
ЦӦùðɣϰ御ԣûãҲʧʲôȻϰЩʲôҲ޲ɡ
Ҳûаѻ˵Ͼͬ磬һˣһء
æֵܱᣬȻʮֵܣУֵܵģȥ׼
ǺһЦ˵ɣЧ



İʮ ۵Ĺ
ѷ߸֮󣬱뿪ӵĵ̣׼ʱٻһЧ
뿪֮ӱԼİ˴һ绰ð˻տӣҪȥ׼ġ桱
ܼ򵥣׼Ҳǳ㣬һСʱ֮ӱ»ص˵
˿ûĹ棬һ˵ɶ˼ǣµ׻10أ⡭
ͬЩۣ˵ֻһӪʽλֵ˵ģܾλֵܲͨˣأ궼ѾˣǾͰֵ˵ķȥûЧҲûйϵ
ҲǣȻַЧȻʾɣ˼Һĸ⣬Ҳܹ˼ҵĺⲻǡ
˵ҲȷʵѾˣôҲνˣ˵ǰЩȥɡ
ӵͷ밮һûЩ棬ֱӵĸطſڸǹųĹ档
Ӷļҵ̵ϰ壬Щ棬ɻͬʱЩֻϰһָָ㡣
ף׼˰Ҳǣ⣬ѶԶԶҲǸùˡ
Ҫ˵ҲֻܹԼ̰ˣǸ档ǸǶ֪ģǿһҵһҵ꣬Ҳȷʵ֣ǫ̂ףȻôӰ졣
˭˵أףѾҿĵΪȥŵˡ
˵һ˼ףĥĹأ
棿Ҳȷɡֻʲôã֮󶼹Ŵˡ
ҲǣףӦһЩɱɡ
̶ٻ˵Ҫ۹ģⶼ׬Ǯġ

ϰָָ㣬Щϰ֮ĹϵЩ΢˵ǻӰɣҲڣ˵ǹϵðɣȻӲܡ
ϾǶǾϵ
ڴҶģҲһ֮ġϧ֮С
Ȼܵȷʵڡ
ԣڿ˼ףĵ꣬ΪȥҪˣλϰֻ֮ҲеһЩ꣬̾
ڼϰָָͬʱӵĵ̣Ĺ涼Ѿˡ
ʱְһڵſڡ
˼״ֵʵҸովţһڻڵſڡ
ڨڨҲλֵܸҵģҵһ¼ҪظͣĲš
¼һͷˮ
һ۵ģҪǲųȥо
ԥ֮һҧ˲Ű
ļϰҲ֣ףһڵſǸʲô˼
ͻȻһ𣬰ϰʵһ֮ϰЩΪףе
ףΪһЩʧҲǹƴġ

ڸ˰֮һҷ˵㶫2㣬ʱӦòˣӵĵȥ
Ҳ֪ǰЩ棬絽ʲã
ոչսӵڵĽֵһϤҲǵ¼㴫Ķ䡣
죬죬ȫִ˦
ȫеƷȫ֣ȫ˦ƳɱǮȫ˦ֻҪǮҾ͸
߹·ǧҪǻᣬ򵽵ʵݣ
ô˵ļ۸˳ԿҲϵ
˿ǣ㻹ڵʲôϿѡɣ
¼Ǹ𵭵΢ЦӲŶĽֵĵ̣ôٵأ
ӵĵȥʵѾ߹ȥˡ
ΪԶԶľͿԿԭſȸĵ⣬ȴǲͣ˽
ԭӵĵ̴ȥļ̨ףڷӵĵһֺȺĸо·ϵѰȥһ۾ͿԿǱ̣Ը߳һصӵĵ̡
ԭƣ˲תΪơ
¼̵߽˿̵ĵ⣬˺׻ֵֽ棬ʲô족˦ִȵȡȵȡ
ĹǸе棬ôãǵһοĹ档
ƺȷһ˦ĸоǷ׷׽꣬²ҲҪȥһ
߽̣һȻĻ棬·Ьӵ˵ǡ
ڹ˿Ⱥеӣβס˷ܺͼ֮ɫһ30ҵŮӣͬ˷뼤Ӧþӵİˡ
Եͷ𣬿˵۵Ĺ棬Ҳͬá
⣬ע⵽ڵ̵滹ΧһЩˣǲ꣬۾ȴǽŵ棬д㵡Ľʵɫ໥仹ʱʱϼ䡣
Ӧþ⸽̵ϰˡ
¼ܹѹ˿ȻҲЩϰ
Ͼ¼쳹ֵϣʵٵͷһأǲŹء



İʮ ֻܻһ̾Ϣ
ĲûдΧڵЩˣȷʵ̵ϰ壬ֻǶ漸ҵ̵ϰ壬ԶһЩĵϰ壬Ҳ˲١
㵡桢ĽʣЩϰʱͬ
Ƕ漸ҵϰ壬Ǳһֱָָ㣬ڸտʼЩ¼ʱ򣬻ǿеġףе
ɺܿ죬ǵ۾ԽԽۿһ˿ͣڵƬ֮˽ȥ
ŵڶ˿Ҳ˽ȥٺ߽ȥԽԽ࣬ͳⷬ
ҲѾˡ
⡭⡭ЧȻãǿף˷ܵǸӡ
Ҳֻ죬Ҫⶼôãǻ˵á
ûãҲֻ죬һͺһɡ

ϰĽ֮࣬뵽ֻʱ䣬ٷΣ
֮󣬻ҪЪˡ
һ룬˲ƽ˲٣Ҳûôˡ

档
ڵȷǷǳ˷ܺͼЩЧѾԶԶ
ǵԼոհѲżȥûӣеһλ˿ͽˡ
밮˶һۣڶԷ￴˾ϲҲ˵λ˿ջ᲻򣬵ֻҪϽ꣬ǾѾܸˡ
Ҫ֪ӽϿŵڣһҲֻġλ˿ͽꡣ
ڣһ¼һţһλ˿ͽ꣬Ϸ
һĽӴλ˿͡
飬ԼЩˡ
һλһλĹ˿˽һֻǽкܶ˶Ǯ˶Щֻһ
˵Щļ۸ȷʵƽʱһЩԶԶ㲻ʲô˦ռ仹ͦġ
ȻҲȷʵĶ۸ǳˣȳɱۻͣǰ˵˿һ֣Ķȷʵڴ󽵼۵ļ
ӿԼ־󣬸оͬһ
ҲȷʵֹһΣεĳ
ҲһδεеĳܹΪʵ
ȴ˭֪ûаȴһλصӣʵ롣
ţԣӦλصӣİɡ
ֻ˵λصӾ죿
ҪȻôأ
ȻҲһ룬Ȼ֪ʲô죬ֻ˷ܡ⣬Ը롣
Ҳã˵λصӣ졣
ⲻһƣǡֿ졭ǣǡֿλصӣվڵ֮Ľֵϡ
һϲæ첽ţܵǰ˷ָܶм˵ֵܣ⡭⡭ʵǲ֪θлˡ
Ȼ
ʱǺЦϰ岻лңҲֻԶΪ˵֮϶ˡȻҲ
ֻԶΪ󣬸ǰӲˡ
˵ģ֮ⲻãȴһҲûʧû춼ãֻҪ⣬ȥѾ֪ˡ
Ǳ˵ֵ˵ֻԶΪ˵ȴһǳҪĴ£ôмӦõġԺ⣬ֻҪÿ¶Щ׬ͷǾ͹ˡ
Եͷӵӡ󲻴øж̰ģҲԼһΡ
Ƭ̣˵ϰȥæɣҲҪˡ
ЩᣬԸԱԼĸмҲ֪ϼСʱȻȥԷ
Ǳ˵õģҲֵܣֻǣԵĻֵ֪ܸ֣ܲ
һֱʣԵòòһֱϵڡ
ЦЦ˵ֻһţɶ˵ģҽϣϰԽԽãˣˣϰټ
ӵ͵һ񣬾һ㱣ϡٸ˵ټʶ˵١ټ
֮𾪣Ϊ뵽һ֣Ϊ𾪺Ͳ˼顣
ǾӣλִʦҲԵũׯׯ
ڣ϶˵ʦԵũׯׯͬһˣҷǳᡣ
˵еʦԵũׯׯԼС⣬ȷʵӲš
棬ԼϲʣӾãƺҲûпܡ
ģǡ
ѾȥˣѾȫһȻع
عӣǰѾûӰ۾ȺϸѰҡ
ֻǣѾ뿪ˣﻹѰõ
ûзӰǳûڵĺݺԼԴԼոΪʲôҪ£ûкúõһʦֻʶ˵ټ

ǧҲֻܻһ̾Ϣ



İʮ ķװ
뿪ӵĵ̺ҲûڼйˣǾֱ˾Ƶꡣ
Ƶ귿½Բ̳
Ǿ½ڵݣ۵Ľ㣬Ѫ桱롰ֽҲȻǽеĽ㡣
Ӣᡷ롶顷Ʒ½ڵݣҲ𽥱ἰҲһЩۡ
Ƕܹоó߸ˣµ½ͻơ
ǶԴҲϲҲڴں½ԽдԽá
ֻǾʵ̫ˣ߸˶µͻƣӢᡷ顷롶ǾĲ֮࣬ǰˡ
Ļһ֮ĸմޣӹɵ̬ʤ
һӹŲɣͨҲ֪߸˵˷˿ڴź漣
߸˱ˣȻЩģȴòϣĿǰǲսʤǾˡ
ȻⲢ˾ʹĻ䡣
෴ڷǶ־оӹƷǸоԼѾ׵סǵ
ǸоĴϣԽԽӦ֣ҲԽԽ硣
ǼţһܹȹӹƷõС˵
Բ̳һ֮󣬱˳߳䣬ȥԷȥˡ

1117ա
𴲡
죬ԽŮ齫ҪԱ㶨ױգȥƬаѹء
ȻҪȥǺɲ룬ҲҪȥţǵһϵ硣
ⲿ˵ǳҪ˵ͬǳҪ˿ĵ
֮ǰѾԱǵķװεȵߣԼ޸Ҫ÷װʦԼҪ󣬶еķװ޸ġ
Ҳ֪޸ĵôˣûдﵽԼҪ
Ҫ֪һ磬װͷǳҪǸǵĵһ۸ܣװܹͣѹڴ뵽ǸѪ磬ôⲿѾɹһС롣
֮ǰЩķװͣкܴ⣬ȫûĸо

ѡǰӰ
8룬뵽ӰʱǡǸܷܷŮӡ
ܷܷϺȻ΢΢һ죬Ӷϴһ£ȻоЩ˼
磡Ȼ˼ܷܷǴкֻкɫƺˡ
Ҳ磡ЦŻӦ
Ӻвݸû뵽ӵƤôⶼ˼ˣȴȻ졣
˵ʲôһӣɵȴǲʱ˵ĴϵϸѾˡ
󣬺Щεĸӣһߣһߴţˡ
ûͼɴӭ˳ӻǳ˷ܣϵЦݶųһ仨ˡ
⡭ûĴһ˵ЦݴĪʲôϲ£ɩú죿
ȴ˿е֮⣬ЦϵܣϸԽԽˣߣǸϽȥһ
ЩףΪʲôɻЦôдˣ߱ʵôЩװζҵҪ޸ĺˣ
Цʲô¶㰡ȷѾ޸ĺˣЧֱǡǡã
ãи̲ѣأʻҲ̫
ܿ죬߽ױҡ
ʩ밢ӱǶˣ͡ױʦİױ׷վʺá
ӱǶ˸м
ЦŰڰ֣ʾŮԼ
ݷ󻡢ȽɫԱǣҲϽʺôкȻǻ֪ݣѾһֲ²⡣
ǽԴˣҪ޸ĺķװ֮󣬶еĲ²ǿ϶˼֡
ܰװô̵ˣλŵҹӹ֮⣬ֻ˭
ھϲ֮࣬ǲ˿ĵ
Ա֮󣬼װʦҲϽ˹ʺá
տʼ˵ҪеķװһЩ޸ĵʱ򣬼װʦЩмġ
룬һСӶʲôǿɶķװʦڹװ硢ķװͣŷǳ̵⣬ҲǳḻһС˵޸ľ޸ĵģ
ֻںɵĹϵҲֻ︹̣ЩԸİҪ󣬿ʼ޸ķװ
ֻǸŸţλʦͻȻЩԾˡ
֮ƺооԪ˲Ũࡣ
ǲֱ֪ԲԣҲ֪ǲǵĴ
ԭЩмȴǲУҲİҪ޸ġ
ֱϣλԱԴ޸ĺķװ֮ʱ˲۾ɵùԲȻѾ׼ԱԴЧԶԶĳǵ
˲о֮ǰЩװͣıֱͲ˼Ρ
ȻⲢ˵֮ǰЩװͲÿǽЩװͣǸоһŨҵԪء
ǸоķװͣӦǽӵġ
ֻһָоָоȴŲɡ
ˣ˲Ϊˣ˿Сһ˿η
Ȼ޸ĺķװ;޵ĲֻǣӰԱ顢ԱԱȫ޵ˡ
ɸղȥӭʱϲŻЦ



İʮ ױչ
Ӱױڡ
һ˵ˣѾˣλԱװ͹Աȥʽĳݷװѹء
˴Ӧһֱȥ˸һװ
ߺ󣬺˵ϵܣ˶ױ֮󣬱ʽ繫Σ
ͷȻԣƬĳ֮󣬻ҪһЩڴȻϵĴƬĻɫʺУһȥڴĹԱͨ
ɵͷƬĺڴǿ϶ٲ˵ģ˵ҪԺ͸ڵĹԱͨһúڴ
Сʱ֮ݷ󻡢ȽɫԱȻصױҡ
ЦϵܣôûдﵽҪ󣿡
ԱķװʦҲ˵ⶼǸҪ޸ĵģûвʵĵط
Ŵ˿̵λԱҲ۾һķװ
漴ЦЦ˵ˣװûʲô⣬ܺãֻϣܻҪ΢Ķһ¡ǰҽ˵¸Ķһ£Чô
嵽ÿһλԱͣ˵һЩԼ޸
װʦһ˵һ߶ָԱǵͽ޸ġ
ֹ˴10ӣЦˣͿˣҿһ
ʵٿˣ޸ĵĹУҵ۾ѾԽԽˡ
ֻһЩСΧ޸ģЧȴ֮ǰ˲٣ԪظŨˡ
ʱǷװʦԱˣľⲻָһ㡣
ɴЦ⻹棬ֻǰѷװôһģ˲ĸоˡ룬֮ǰʱ֮ԾñŤǲǾΪװ͵ԭ򣿡
ͷǣֻһԭ򡣡
Ŷ⻹ֻһԭ򣿡һϲʼʱ򣬶˵Ŀʱûһ˿ŤĸоʵЩɵģֻû˵
ѾŲˡ
˵ֻһԭҲԭڴͺ档
ľϲЦЦⲢжֻǰǰЩװֲͣˡ
ʱݰʩӱǶˣҲص˻ױҡ
һ֣˶۾ʽİ࣬ƺ֮ǰױ־˼֡
ǵʩ󣬱˵һˣͬΪŮӱеǳľޡ
ϸĴŮװ硢ͣʹŮɫ΢΢һ죬֪ڿװ硢ͣȴиеһ˿ûĻҡ
ĸоŮеһ˿ңǺһЦ漴ҲŮͣһЩС޸
ŮķװʦȻ޸ġ

20֮һи㶨ʽ㶨ױˡ
㣬ǲģӰʦǷǳרҵġ
Сʱ֮Ƭȫɡ
Ƭǳ⣬֮븺ڵĹԱͨһЩƬĺЧ⡣
ȵƬ֮󣬱ʽ繫ˡ

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졶Ǿ½ڵ֮󣬲ԵĿ⣬˻صˡԽŮӾϡ
ȻҶӱǶˣҪֱݰʩһ£ûжٵִˣǾȫû
ʱʱȻһЩԹ֮ǶӱȲ˵ݼȶ֪ӱʲôӣƯƯĿеİ಻
ǣ֮ͨǰݹЩӾ磬֪ȷʵǳƯ
ⲢҾͶǵʩȫģֻȽӱİԣҪ΢һЩ
ôȻûӱͬѧƬأİʼЩİ
ֻǰ࣬ǵʩҲģǿʩɱôʧ
ǾϹģ˼Ҿ鲻˵ѡѯ˹ӹǻŲӹô
ӹȻţֻһ첻գһ첻İ
˵ҪǰԱɫױյģҶһ¾ɣҪĻӦþˡ
һǶױѾ𣿡
ղݣļٵģûôɣղŻ˵أھ͹ˣ
ȥһ֪ˣȥ

ԽŮڹϣԱױյϢԼٶд
Ϣǣȫڵһʱ䣬˷ܡڴЩ飬½ԽŮ
еģһΨʫ⣬ȴԴһ˿ɱ֮Ļ档
Уһ͸һǳӵŮӣǳЦȻ
ŮһŹ޳۴Ƥ𪣬òǳɫڣʹŮӾǣӣһ˿
һˣһʱ䣬ȫóˡ



İʮ ֶȨ䶨
½ԽŮǣȫճյĿǰĻ棬ֻһͷǰ̫ˣеĸ
һδεУһǳʮŮӡ
ȻǵĻжôȴԶԶȲǰһ档
Ƕ濴ãĽɫѾôʷϵĵһŮʩָʲôӣ
˲ֱ˷ܡ궯ѡ
ʵҲûʧ
ڶеʱ˲һϢ֮С
ʵ̫ˣ޷ݵ
һ氢һ
˵һǳЦȻǳа
ôУʩһֿ˼ɣһյɼϧ
Уʩ̧΢΢ü峺ƴһ˿ˣһ˿ǰʩ죬վ˫
ıϡ⡢Խıʿʩ̧ƺ߳
ȻգҲֻеĿա
ǳˣֳգɱȸոտʱĳգ˳
޹أʩϧ
棬ֻʷǸʵʩĽ֣ҲͬԽŮС˵еĽһ뷶Զۺϡ
ڶʷص̾Ϣ

ǣ֮󣬲ٵֵɴ۾
ǺƯ֪еʩҪӡеǣҪࡣ
ϡ䣬ͷȷǣֻʩİ࣬ǵӶˡ

ʩĻ棬ﻹˣ֮ǰ뵣ģҲѾɢ
ۣ̫˼ˣʩ̫ˣиڶⲿڴֵٴ100000㡣
ԭӱͬѧôƯǾ͸Ưˣ֮ǰݵЩӾϣƺôƯ
ǰʩİƺӨŮٰ
ӱ˵ȷûע⵽ʩ֮˾ޣװҲкܴĹϵ
ţȷǣ˵ķװ͸ǰЩȣƺЩһ
ƺĲһ֪Ϊʲôܸоķװͣĸо
ţҲָоƺķװͣӦӲŶԡ
һξˣҼǵ֮ǰŷϣ˵ԽŮһϵ磬ѵָľǷװЩĽ
ǲǣҿķװͺ󣬶ⲿǸڴˡ

ʩĶױһʹ֮ǰЩɢôҶԡԽŮĵӾڴ
ȻϵĶױղֹʩ󻡢ȽɫͬС
ֻǵĴ밢ʩ˵Ҫöˡ
ڽʩƬ˺þ֮󣬲ⲿﻹĽɫء
ŰɫĶװҳһ۾ҲͬҲ˵ЩԱеĽɫǳװͣҲǸеһϲ
Щɫķװͣ˵оƺȰʩŮķװ͸ǿ
ʹеڴֵ

ǿˡԽŮϵĶױգ̨ȻҲˡ
ЩװҲȻĶڡԽŮӾʸģֶȨԸҲǸС
Ȼжҵ̨ģȻҲ͸Ӽҡ
Ӱ˵һ¡
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Ϊٵ͵Ļ̨ҪĹȨãܾҪȲʱˡ
ⱾȻûԸ
󲻿÷ܹǾͶɡ

־ʱּۻ̨ۣڡԽŮӾֶȨᣬڳ䶨
4.0Ļ׼ʳɹʤ
4.0Ļ׼ʣ
ͷԴ˲ûʲô飬ΪȫĴ֮һʵҲӹɡ
һ˫Ӯľ档
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õĵӾ磬ʶܴﵽ1㼸
΢һģ2㼸ȫû⡣
ӾʵıߣһײŵĴ͹װӾ硶սʸߴ9.8
һΡɴ桷ӶײʣҲߴ7.8
˵4.0Ļ׼ʣʵѾܵˡ
ȻֻǶڡԽŮӾ˵


İʮ ӹھ飿
ԡԽŮڹϣԱǵĶױ֮ӱǶ˵֮Ҳ֮ɢ
ȻҲûȫɢ
ȻŮĶױ޵ˣҲκεëױֻһž̬Ƭֻ˵˵װ磬ûκε⡣
ҪݺһɫݳɫζװԶԶġ
Ҫݼ
ҲȻ֮ԭǻã˼ҺôݹӾ磬ݼӦò̫⡣
˵ʩϷҲࡣ
ӱͲһˣһУѧ֮ǰֻܹף˵һûκγݾĴˡ
࣬ⲿǡ
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Ȼʵûжٶ⣬˵˶ݼȫӦõġ
˵ǾԱӱˣɶʾ⣬ûжɣӦ˴Ҷⲿڴֵǳߡ
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Щ֮Ҳʾ⡣
ϵЩ֮ý˷ܵģµľһƬг
ڣɾͱʾȻ飬Ǿбļֵ
ýڶڵţԽŮʽŷٿ
ԽŮѾ˹棬Ὣ11209㣬ħľƵ꣬Ƶٿ
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1120գ8롣
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Щصý壬Ѿˡ
840֣ӰܾɽܵݺɣԱӱǡ롢S׷ֳ
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ӰܾɽƷЦҡ롰Ӱӡ´ʣ򵥵Ľⲿԭ򣬲ⲿǰڳﱸѾȫɣʽ
ֹ֮˸þľԱɣԭߡݡ硢ӰԱȵȡ
ܵݺɽ򵥵Ľ˹Աѡı׼˶Թӹĳֿл⣬ұʾԽŮǵһϵӾ磬ԽŮ飬оԵĽⲿãڴ
ٽǸýΪڴĻڣʻڡ
ýȫǾһǰͰ͵ĸϵΪʻô
ҪЩʲô⣿˭ʣ壬û⣬ν׼׵Ƕ֪ȫԣΣǵıء
Ȼֻ֮ΪǸеķ롣
ʺո˵ԽŮǣһϵ硣Ǿ˵Ще磬ˣһλȿ⡣
һͲ򵥣ɻشǡôȻͻĵݡԱԱȣȫһ顣
ýҲ۾һоͷȫ׼˺ɣҪλش
ɺǺһЦƺԼ߻⣬˿е⣬ȻҲ磬Ϊʲô˵ԽŮǵһϵ磬ȡԽŮڵ̨ʱԼ˾֪ˡ
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ֻλ߶ش𲢲⣬ʵǰҲ磬Ϊʲôƫƫһ磬ϵ磿ⶨȻʲôԭ򣬲ŻúΪɣ
ȻһЦȻԭΪԽŮԭǹӹӹǾϵͽ飬ԱķװͣҲǰչӹҪ޸ġ˵ǹӹʶˣʲôϵ硣
ý۾һشмֵ

ʺ˼ӹھھ棿һȲʵ
ⲻȫý壬ȫźɣԱߵӱǡ롢SԱҲźɡ
ȻǶѾµˣλصǹӹվûйٷϲǡ
ɿ˿ǰý壬һЦҲû˵ӹھ档
ɲûгϹӹھ棬ͬøýϲȷû˵ӹھ棬ҲûϹӹھ治ǡ
͹ˡ
ý徫һѾ¯ӹ֡ԽŮ飬ڡԽŮ㣬Ҫ԰ѹأ
ڹӹڲڡԽŮ飿ڸý˵ҪֻҪ˺ɵǾشǾͿ
ɿýķӦһЦϵмˡ
شҲõģϣҲϣýԼȥ²ɡ
ý嶨Ȼвٵĺر
ýҪлԣǾͬҪлԡ
ңܹһֱԽŮ
ԽŮӾϢһֱԾǰ
ЩǣҲ֪ôһ磬ӳ



İʮ ذ
ϵڼ
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ΪǶ֪˶Ͻˣشǵˮ©й¶һЩϢոչӹǷھһ
ǵѵõõϢ
ԣýҪĿӱǣһֱܹעŮӡ
ӱһУѧȻӦǵһξֳϣҪʳҶȤĶӦǱȽ׵ġ
ӱҶ֪㵱ܹ֮ԾᣬΪһӵԵʣ˭
ӷῪʼڣӱһֱǳţµľмʣҲ֪һмʵġ
֮ǰѾͼ߿ܻʲô⣬˷Ԥ⣬ѾӦλشҲںɵԤ֮С
ֻǾ֪ӦλشȴȻⲻ˽ţһڷϻش⡣
ɸоӱĽţͶȥһӱоɵĹĽŹȻҪһЩ
ڴҲ֪ʵݣҶ˸мӰĵ·ˡ
شûлشһȻ⣬ʣӱλΪʲôԾĻ᣿
ȴشΪǸӾãӱ밢ǳ˶ѡǹϵĶױգشҶѾˣȻȻ֪ҸոյĴԷ顣ˣݵ飬ӱĲ֪ǿԻ⡣
ֻǣǿ׵ķŹ⣬Ҳּˡ
һλʵӱ֮ǰûзϹӹھ飬ôǿΪλӣǹӹ𣿡
ӱǳǳһЦʱҲûиղŽˣҺһǳϣǹӹֻǷǳźǲ֪𰸡
ôӱλʹŶ󣿡ʡ
ӱ룬ʵᡣ
᣿ǾͶˣձ鶼ΪӹᡣмٴδϲһǳͷеǣǲٵǣԴ˶ǳȤ
ټѾѱıⶼˡ
û뵽쾹ȻõôڹӹϢĴϲ
ӱв˶ݼʾɣԴûʲô˵ʡ
ӱһУѧɣҷǳ⣬ԴҲ˵ʲôֻǸлҶҵĹעһ߾ȫݺⲿرҡ
ֽĿתһλһֱעŮӣǡ
ǣΪܹʩһǣԭʲôΪò𣿡һʵ
ʵҲͦŵģҲǵһγϯŷᣬ֮ǰȻݹӾ磬һЩСɫûʸϯᡣ
˵ЩӾȶȸԽŮȫͲܱȣҲһʮý壬ʮϰټýۡ
ЩҲͬ׼Դò϶ԭ֮һҪԭ򣬾ģӦȥǵĺ
ǣĶױշǳһ̶Ҳڷװ͵ԭôķװṩ޸𣿡һʵ
ոպ˵ˣװṩ޸ǹӹǻشĻôȻͿȷӹȷھˡ
ò˵ЩҲǼߣǻЩյԵ⡣
ǱЩţмʣһʱ֮䲻֪λشȻķװ޸ˣѾԿ϶Ǿǹӹˡ
ֻ֪ӹԸԸ⣬֪ھ飬Բһش𣬱ͶȥĿ⡣
ɺǺһЦӹߵشɣǵȷװ޸ˣǸ˾ңӹ޸ͨתԱǵķװʦġ
ȫа̾һ
ٽ½һЩ֮󣬡ԽŮ¾翪ʽŷʽ

ոսܶ뿪ֳһƪһƪı½ȫǵǰ
ذӹԽŮ飬ΪΪԽŮӾ԰ѹأ
ذԽŮԱױյķװͣɹӹƣ
ԽŮܵݺɣӹףʲôϵ磿
ɣ֮ǰе磬ϵ磬ĵġԽŮǵһ
ذӱԾӣпǹӹ
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İʮ ĸ
ȫеǣ֪硶ԽŮ飬ٿŷ顣
ǶڷȻҲΡ
ָıǵضʱԲ̳ըˡ
ղݣ˵εķװôôĸоԭǹӹƵģڴֵ10000㡣
ֻƷװͣӹ󻹽ȫ̰ѹأⲿڴֵһӰ
ԭݺ˵ԽŮһϵ磬һôţˡ
˵ʲôϵ磿
˭֪أȻǹӹ˵ģǾڴˡ
Щý岻аڿ˵ӹڡԽŮ飬ȴһŹӹƬûУǵġ

ǿ˱֮˷ܣȻȴԶԶֻԡ
ٵķԣС˵Ҳ˱ǵȻһ
ԽŮӾܻ𰡣ǿйı
ɣƾγҲῴЩ綼Ǵɱɱģ֪ʲôͷ
˵˳һӹߣ⡶ԽŮƷ˵ǳЩѣⲿƷ
ӹ˵Ǻܻ𡣲дٺãǻȤˣȻȤ
ⲿӾ֮ǿ
ûʲôͷ
С˵ҲӾĻҾõǿԿһ£֮˵ɡ


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˵ʲôԽŮǣһϵ磿
˵ԽŮǵһϵС˵ȻԸϣҲûʲôɷ
ϵʲô˼粻޷ǾԭС˵һЩıҲһЩˡ
ңⴴС˵ĵӾ磬ȫ£òã
һС˵ֶĵӾˣӹôţƣС˵дúãĵӾ磿
²òɡ
ȻԴ˻ɵߣԶԶֹһˣԼȦҽҲ顣
ӹ԰ѹءԽŮӾ磿ɣȵӾ꣬˭֪ûаѹأҲЩʽˡ
ý֮ǰѡԽŮӾ糴̫ȣĳʲҵ϶ȻȥǲòõʱܹÿһЩ
һܶԶΪˣ˵ˣĽ
û취˭˼С˵ıӾءƺЩˣȻϵĿںţʲôϵ磿û˭֪ģ
㻹ˣǲǹӹ麰һͷѣĿľΪ˹ҵĺģԺʸһЩ
Ժ󲥳ʱ򣬴ҿǰûʲôǻо˹ӹĵԹӹ
˵ɲ˹ӹͷǹӹĵطΪʲôϵ磿û֪û֪Ǿûдˡʱ򣬡ԽŮĳֻҪƾʷϵıͿ˵ϵˣԲԣ㻹û
ԭˣ⻹Ǵѧʰ
ѧɣҪʵȻҪһЩͬҪ


ЩߣʱһȺˣͬΪڡԽŮ¾翪ʽŷرü
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ӦǹӹġߣҵҪһǵġԽŮһϵ磿
ӹ㻹ΪĵӾ簡С˵дúãǱϣ˵ΪԽŮӾѹأԾǾ麰ͷ
ҷģǸһĳһ仨ȡԽŮʱȥĪҪЩĹڣӹˡ
ǣ֪Ȩǵ񡣡
ɣھǾ鳴ɡ


Ƶ꣬סķ䡣
ĸ˿⡣
ȫһͷˮνϵ磬ʲô磿
ҲͣҲû͡
ȵԽŮʱţʱԼͣһԼˡ
20ţֽһڡЦеӡ
죬23ţԽŮͽʽģʱֵæһˡ



İʮһ 湫˾ע⵽
ħĳֵ
ֵԵֵ˳ӿһӽֵϵĳһ̴ԶԶľͿ
죬죬ȫִ˦

Ȼλףϰ壬ĵˡ
ʱȻǰҪһЩȻ㲻ֵϣõļҵ֮һˡ
漸ҵϰ壬ʱҲ̲ס˹
ףϰ壬鷳£¶⣬һλϰ˵
ףǶ漸ҵϰ壬кǺһЦ֪λϰ쾭һ𣬶Լĵֹ
ף˳ȥЦʵϰ壬ɶ¶
ףϰ壬˵죬ⶼˣɶ˼ϰʵ
ףһЦ˵ϰ忴ˣ֮ǰ죬ָҵĶ5.52ۡڣҵĶ5.53ˣҲֻ졣
λϰһ㶣ܿͷӦʲô5.52ۣ5.53۵ģǽڣףҪ⡰족ĹһֱȥĽడ
ףϰ壬⡭⡭λϰ˲䲻֪˵ʲôˡ
⼸ףĵ̣ĽʵýԭҲ죬ǵҲûʲô
ڿҪһֱˣ⻹˵á
λϰ˲䲻ˣ˼ףϰ⣬ʲô5.52ۣ5.53۵ĽڣҲ˵ùȥҲ˵ʲô
λϰĽ֮ȼգ㿴ңҿ㣬ȴǺް취
ͻȻλϰͬʱӴһУҲкҴҷԼĵꡣ
ͬʱ뵽ʲô
ף족Ĺ棬ǲѧ
ңѧҲ̫ˣֽд֣һ죬¼仰ˡ
ǣλϰĵУҲˡ족
΢ԶһЩĵ̣ʱҲеľϣԽԽĵУˡ족
ȻҲЩϰʤ㡰족족һ족ҲԼԭʡ
ԭĹģ壬ĶҲס
ǣֵڽֵԽԽĽֵ족족֮Ľ˴˾õ۵ͬʱҲֵһЩ
֪ǲףĵ̵ġ족ȻԵʡ
ھвٵĵ꣬ƵĹ棬ף⣬ȴû̫Ӱ죬Ȼǲġ
Ȼϣõļҵ֮һ
͸ףĵ֮ǰⲻһû֪Ϊʲôʵ
ףԼ⣬ûܵʲôӰ죬Ҳǳһ
ֹ֪淽ʽȻܿͻģ£ҲһЩģˣԭӡ
ڣǷˡ
ллһԶΪҰȴ̫̫󣡡
仰ףӣѾ֪˵˶ٴˡ

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ȨͷʵλףϰԼģ
ҡͷǣʹףϰˣףϰҲû˵һλˣⲻãŸôһ档滹Чһףϰ⣬νǷ췭ظı仯ֻǣλ˭ʲô֣ףϰȴǲԸ͸¶
Ȩüͷ΢壬˵Ը͸¶⡭
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Ȩ΢΢һЦʵСǲǾ⡮졯Ĺ棬ûʲôǸ˶Ӧõ
˵˼ڨڨѵ𣿡
Ȩ̾һ˵ȷǺܼ򵥣Ҳûʲô˵ĸоҲӦúõ֮Сҵ˼𣿡
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ӣҲҵ˵ģҽ߾ȫ
Ȩͷ˵ţȥɡ
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ȥȨ˳˼һ졯Щʱ򣬿򵥵Ĺ棬ʵѵģ򵥰


İʮ ȫ۾
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вٵԣȥһѵˡֽһƺҪճˡ
ڽǾͲΪ˵Ҳ
֮⣬͵ķѪ棬ԭĴ֡仨ˮ׷˴ѩɽĴһڴѩɽ֮УֻᷢһЩʲôĹ£
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˫иĵһڣȻ˭Ҳû˵˭
ڽڿ֪ˡ

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Ѫɮ߾ѪŻɴУûУٻغϡ
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İʮ ǹ⻷
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ѪϿţֳŵֻҪͶͲɱ֮£ɾȻΣϥѪ档
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Ҳ֪ʱˮᷣű˸ʹ࣬ȫˮᷣ
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Ѫס˻֮ԼҲڼֲסȥ
ʱ򣬵ˮ˷Ϊ˫Ĺؼ
Ѫеȥɱ˻ɣɴʱҲ֪ѪѾ;ƿݣҲˮȥɱѪ档
ֻǣΪһԼȻȥɱûѪĻ
ˮأʱڻѪͶҲټϸײһƬãȻҲûɵĻ
˫һ֮ˮϺȻ뵽øײˣѪô
ǣ˻ԣᵶ׼ɱѪ棬ȴϴʱѪѾָһ˿ˮϲûɱѪ棬ѪļıҪѪɱ
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ʱѪư˶Ըдŭ˵ѪͽѪŭɱơ
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ƾȻøڵϢ޷йһɾ޴ײΣǿ͹ͨͶĴѹء
ƿȴͻƵġա񹦣ȻΣͷȻͻƣ񹦴ɡ
񹦴ɺĵƣڵľǿһѪС֮ϡ
ȻһţȴĽߵѪֱӸˡ
͵һаɸѪ棬ˡ
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ȻǺò׵ȵһЩڡǾ½ڵݺȴ֣ˡ
Ϊǵȵġ
ѽղݣֱһۣۻҡ
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ѪȻţƣϧվҪΪǹ⻷񡣡
񹦴ɣҪɡ

Բ̳ưȥ͵ôЩˣǻ粻˵ⲻ
ʡһǣװ

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⼸仰֮󣬻ֺõƵĻԽԽ飬ֱѵƿǹĵһˡ
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ֻǱĵƣõȻȴ룬СɮȻ׶ʱɱ֮⣬Ѩһ⣬һֱȡ
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⵹Ҳûʱûɱˮϵ˼Ϊɱˣһѩɽϼ£ζ̫Ҳܡ
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Ǿǡʳ
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ղݣеȫУԭֻΪɴһһС˶źڶ˵ĻɣȻҪԽֵܵʬ壬ѾֻǼСˣáɥĲݶԲ
ѵھǰԵһ棬˳
һЩöԣ˼⣬Ҳδ̫ˡ
뵽ԲһףҲһЩã
ܿ죬ǵ۾ֱЦһҪԽֵܵʬ壬Ʋƴֹô
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ڵڲ£ԭΪܹһǹڵؿڴ̸͸ȴ֪ǹؿڣȻ̲ȥһ衣
Ƹһǹһƣһַǹϻȥһɻѣǹֱ֣졣һƲ˥ֱûһ˳ȥǹȻѩ֮У֪ȥ
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Ȼһ峿ȴůģϸһƣԭԼϣȻһŹѡ
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ĴѩɽУĵڻص죬Ʊ
ңƵõĻر£Сˮϵ㺰



İʮ 
ڴѩɽʱ⣬νǵ̤Ϊĵӡ
ûıҲûйƣȻ࣬ȴǹġȫǰѩĻٺ䣬Ҳвеů
ԿҲеůΪľģټˮϵ㺰
ֻεˮϣٲȥǸıƵĽ硣
ȻĵӣҲһЩǾǻһֱԱ߻
죬˹
ˮϿϴ˷ĵۣ½ͭɫۣ͵һһµͷ
ͷܿ͵õȷϡ
ԭΪûеƵڹأӥ䣬ܹأӥ٣Ͳܹ
ڼ֮£ȻѰĽֵܣ˷½ʬ壬ˡ
ҵˮϣҲŽɱټϲڱѩеˮ᷺Ѫʬ壬˵ʬ壬Ӧܹѩ֮ʱǸʱͿԳѩɽȥˡ
ջǽֵܵʬˣŻɳʬĿֲһëȻ
ղݣӹ˵Ŀζ̫ˣҲд
֮ǰһĴһ棬ֳʱ򣬾Ȼ˵ĳ׺Ϳ¡
ֵÿһȥ˼

ҪɱˮϣȻ־ܣ뻨ɶһ
ƴʱȻǻɵĶ֣ڲ£õڵϣȴʼ޷˵ơ
ʹûɴ󾪣ейй·ëĪ½硢ֵܹҳǵ壬֣Ϊѣʱ亹Ծ˼
йٴȥ
ʱ򣬵֪ԼڹȻ⹦ȴǲУһֱǻɵĶ֡
ǣ㿪ʼѪµġѪ֮ǰԸϰô򣬴ʱΪ˴ܻɣȴǲò
ڿ֮£⹦վ
ڴڼ䣬˼εƣȴÿζ˵Ʋãкǹ֣ҲǰţֻýЩƤݸʱ⡣
ɲ£Ƹר书ԽԽǿ
ˮ϶ԵƵҲԽԽ
ƵԶۣһһӴˤڵء
һԾߡ
ˮȻһЦվ˵ƭƭġ˵Ӵ˲ҪңȴǼôǾ仰㲻ˡ

ˮȴЦ˵Ҵ磬ңлл
ֻƶˮȴǲɣƺһۣתӣ̤߿ˡ
Ӵ֮󣬳˳Զʱ򣬵ˮԶԶġ
ﾪϲ书ԽԽǿͬʱҲΪƸеƣԣɵСȴ޸ܣѵﻹһֱСʦݷɣ

ȥůɽеĻѩʼڡ
ʱ򣬵Ƶ书ڴɣ书ۣ˵ԶڻɺѪ֮ϣ֮궡䣬δضá
ֻǣƶˮϻǲɣˮ˵װơ
һ԰̾ɵСӾ׼һӵĹɡ
ֹһʱ䣬ѩڻԳȶȥˡ
Ȼʱ򣬻ȴȳȣۼڹһֺܻϡ
ɺµˮϣֳ˵ȷˮƣ˵ˮȣıԼĸס
ڽеĵλߣһںܶڻɵĻȻŲɡ
ĵˮϣΪеĹŮ
ںڻɵĴ£Ҫ׽СɮΪȥλ
ˮȴΪƱף˵ƲСɮǺˡ
ֻţȳ޳ܵŮˣΪһҰˣ׵ĳ𶼲ˡ
ˮ֮ǰľХ磬Ҳ˻ɵĻΪˮѾƹϡ
ˮĲѣҲͰˣХҲбˣ
ƼˮϿ޵ģв̣㲻ĴѰˣӰΪˮϵױ绤Хȡˮϣúö
ȻƵһ绤˸ˮй֮¡
ˮϼˣץסƣ㰧ȥҪ
գ׵Ĵ˵ΧڣɶԶԶĶֺ֣οˡ
֮ȴûмųȣһ
ںΪѾȣڻɵĴ£׷ȥˮϸҲ˹ȡ
ɽֻʣ˵һˡ
ڰ¡¡˽

һ½ˣԳһһǿǾΪĵһ¡
˼ߵ书Ӵ֮Ҳûܹ۸ˡ
⻹ΪĵĵطΪĵĵطǣһˮΪ¡
ˮ϶ڵѾ㺣ÿһλԶó
һµĽβˮȴǸںˣ̲סһ¡
ɶ˼ˮϲһ
ӹ˻׼õƣһֱ¿һӲɣ



İʮ Ĵ
Բ̳
ڶһ󰧺֮ٴεȵˣһЩڡǾ½ڵݡ
Ȼϣİ֮󣬱ķ֣˸ǿͬЦ
ǵıñ֮ǰˡ
ղݣӹ˵Ŀζ̫ˣһΪ˻Ȼȥʬ塣
ӹ˵ĿζأλҪһ£ڲŰˣ书ɣһС˰㺣ҶЩĽˡ
ϧǸעҪһӡ
˵ӦҪţ˰ɣٳʲô۶˰ɣ

ڵȴǣЩ֮󣬶ʱ棬̫۸ˡ
ϸڣϸڣҪϸڣ
пЩʵ̫ˣȲҪ֪ϸڡ
ԭţʱȥһһµġӢᡷ롶顷
ɵǷӢᡷߡ顷ʱȴôҲȥӶЩڡǾ½ݵӡ
ʲô򶷣򶷣һۣ벻ʲôʬ壬Сڲȵȡȵȡ
Σֻýе־£һһˢԲ̳ڴλˣϸø˵һ˵
Ǳķ֣˵ȣǺް취

һڡЦһǣʱȴܲôࡣ
ǵȻҲ֪ʱԲ̳ϣȻڵǰȥ˵顱
Ҫ˵顱ҲȵǺúõ֮ǡ
ڣ͵ھ£ɽףӢ̨
ѩִ˰£վ롰Ѫôޱȡ
ʱ书Ѿµһ
ֻǣԼȴ֪ΪǰһǸ˶԰仨ˮ
֮󣬵Ƴȣ׼ȻϼȥѰʦ
صϼҹʾʱȴ֣ԭСݣѱһǽߵĴӡӱԭСݣ˵ҲһȥȻвݲ֮⣬ΰ
дϲΪʦ˲ƣء
ƴСʦȻųȴʦһܼģˡ
ܼҼ˵ƣʵ˭ǷϵԭСݵˣ
ʱĵȻǴӣȴҲǼǰĵˣҲ֪ĵնܼɫûи߹ܼ֣Ҳû˵ԭСݵʦ
װɵ㶣˵Ҫֿڷԡ
ܼҼһлӵģؿҲǼҲûʣõȥ˵˹ͿԳԷ
Ҳȥ̽ʦ˳ƴӦ˹ܼң˵Ըȥ
ԿĪеһοƳǶĿ֪࣬նڲǸɵСˡ
Ժûܹ۸ˡ

ƽȴǴһֻмھһӣӱԵǽֻһխխͨ
ڵƴΪҪôһʱǹܼ£Բ˵ȥ
ڴӦҲ˹ܼҽԭҪӣڿӣϢ
ҹƱܼҽеһڿӡ
Ĺ˶ǸĴ񣬵һλԴĹˣӵԭ
ԴĹ˸ߵƣӵҪھ۱裬ѾˣȴʲôҲûڵ
ھ۱裿ʱĵѾǸɵСˣĵô۱裿˾ɵӣмı۱Ĺƭˡ
ǡʱӱ߼ල
ԭڿӵʱһԼලܹڵʲôֽƬмľשߣ˶Ҫϸϸ̽һ
ƿ˵ò֮иǴ󾪡
˲ǱˣȻ⣬йǸؤ
ֻʱҲһؤ磬һλĴģ
ؤϻѣӣڷôһӣȻʲô
ǵƺʦʦõĹʾӣʲôؤ˴µѰң
ư˼⡣

һϣͣȥϢ
ҲŹһ뿪һǳεɽɽֻеƺݷ֪Сʱ˾ˣһ
Ȼȴ֣а˸ĸһɽ
˸ҲˣȻɽ߸ӡ
ƶڰ͵̸һЩ顣
ԭɽĵ֮ԻȻΪѰҡǽס
λؤȻʦݳĶʦ֣Դƽ
ԴƽǼڿӣΪʲô۱裬ҲΪѰҡǽס
ΪǽסʦݳĳһڿѰҡ

ûоɽˣǲɫĻصӣϼ͹һڿӡ
ͻȻ֮䣬ӽŲɽӡ
ֻǣư˵ĽŲͬǰһ㣬ؤҲԴƽȴǺ޲
ư֣ؤ书ôôˣôԵĽŲ
õؤ书òˣ书Ѿ뵽һּ߾硣
ʵʱɽ˾ԶҲֻܹôԶԷĽŲ
ڣɽӣԴƽΧסҪԴƽǽס
ԭɽΪԴƽѾڵˡǽס
Դƽ˵ûҵףɽȻţ˫


İʮ 
ɽԴƽֻǵ书ڴʱĵƿȴǲֻûɡѪ˵书Ƕ˸߶ˡ
ư룺λʦһζ仯ȫ˺ϡôǴҶѧб仯ڹãôãôҲûУ֣ǳĵⱿҲǸʮִô˭ҲѵԼͿˣ
ɽԴƽ书ڲ֮䣬ɽ߸һ԰æΧԴƽ·硣
ԴƽҪɽһնɱʱ򣬵Դƽ书Դƽɱ־Դƽ
ƽԴƽȳҴ˸һɽ֮ϡ
ԴƽƴɽĹ֮Уֻ磬Ƽһ㣬У治侹书ǿ֮ˡ
ɽ֮ϣԴƽδϳƾǣ书ǸСӡ
ƴʱʦɻδ⣬ԴƽѯʣԴƽԷ书ߣ˿֪ȫ˵ơ

ͨԴƽĻϵԼĻ䣬õ˺ܶ顣
ɽԴƽݳˣְǵʦ÷ϣ÷ˡǽס
˽֮˭ҲŲ˭׷һ֮Уÿ˯һ𣬹ͬС
ȴ˭֪ĽףһͻȻˡ
ûֻеһˡ
ײ֮˶˵ǶԷ˽ףҲ˴֣ȴ˭Ҳκβ˭ֵ
ԴƽʼΪɽ˽ףһʱɽַ߽֮׵ĸпݳְݳ
ݳԷֿ֮󣬱£Сݾס
˵Ϊͽ
ǣݳյΪͽҽ̵ƽʵûл⡣
Ϊ֪ɽԴƽһ£пûϰϵĽ
ǣ˵Ϊͽ̸һЩôĻнԴԻɽԴƽˡ
ͨЩ֮ͻȻеֵʹģһֱ𾴵ʦȻһֱƭƭ˵Ĺߡ
֪ˣʦݳŽὭ˼˼˵ıˣԸ˺֣һס˽棬ндֻϲá²á
ԭʦȻһսթĻˡ
Ƹеһˡ

ΪݳĽթɽԴƽˣʼûзκε˿
ɽףΪɣݳǰȥͣǡǾտʼڡ
ݳŵƺݷǰȥ򸮣ԴƽҲؤǰȥ򸮴̽ϢҲǵһԴƽؤֵԭ
Դƽ̵нҲǲ⣬ҪɽƵĽģӶɽݳô̵
ʵϣҲɹˡ
ɽݳˣ˶
ݳ򸮽ɽ֮ӳ򸮴Ӵ˱Ӱ١
Դƽ϶ݳǰȥ򸮣һѡǽסϣһϼĳεĵط
ԭݳ֮һϼȡǽסϵݳϼң׼ᡣ
ȴ˭֪ʱȥˣݳʼûлԴƽŽݳϼҸ췭ظǾҲҪѽҳ
ȻѾ֪˼ߣȴʼûҵףɽִŵӸ֮ǰһĻ

һжŪ֮󣬵ֻƣ֣֮ˣ˶磬ʦݷԼˮ֮⣬ȻûһˣթĽСˡ
Щɺĵɽ壬ȥ￴˿йѾɢȥܼҲ֪ȥѾһˡ
߳ݣȥһδˣǾǽĹǻң˪ᡣ
ھµ

һ£ٵԶЩһһ㶵ģ龹Ȼ
˵õλؤһλˣȴһСˡ
ҲͰˣһֱ𾴵ʦҲõƵļ֮ˡ
ȥڲŷ֣Щ˵İΧ֮£ܹڣһ˾书һֱǹ⻷߰
֮ǰһֱӹˣ˼һֱڸǿ⻷ء
ȻڵһҪҵˡ
˱ǣȻҪлߵ飬ʲô¶
ΪˣԲ̳ڶ²۳˺
ɵСܹڣǸ漣
ղݣ֮ǰ˭ڷ˵ؤһλ˵ģ˵˵
ӹ˾Ͳܸһ𣿳
ʬ嶼ܹдóָʲô⣿
ڲò˵һΣӹ˸ƭ˰˵ʲôĽ磬Ҫŵİɡ
ؼǱƭ֮󣬷Լݽȥˣ



İʮ ǡׯ
ħĳֵϣŷΡ
ףϰ壬Ժðһ20Сӣ߽˵
ϰףϲ¶һ˿ЦСӣ⼸ÿ֮Ƿǳ̸һߵʱ򻹻˳һ
˵Ķ󣬵⼸Ҳ˺üٿǮĶˡ
СӵȻãרչ⣬Ϊǡ족Ĺȷе˵Ϊ˳˶
ֻǣףȻ֪ĹСʮ֮˾žλʦҲԵũׯׯ
δףҲҸ߱ˡ
ԣܿ⼸˲ٶЩ˼ȴʼû͸¶֮֡
ֻ˵λ˰֮뿪ˣҲûϵʽʲôġ
ȻҲʵ
ƺΪⲻ˵
Сˣϸ粻㣬ûϵʽףЦк
ǿͣܲܲ˼ҽ겻ǡ
Ҳʹ࣬ҲҪϵǸˣҪץʱ䡣
ûа취ҪϵǸˣףĵĵΨһĻᡣ
⼸ѾüٿǮˣЩʹ
ֻҪϵǸˣ˾Ľ϶٣Ҳñ⼸ٿǮʮ
ԣڻǮֵõġ
ףϰ壬Ӧ֪ɣ㿴ôĵķϣ͸¡˵
ûϵʽ֪Ҳ˵ǹĳһء
ףĺΪѣ룬˵ɣСҹλˣʲôʱ·ֵҰϸţټˣұǵ˼ת
ΣҲֻˣ˵Ǿллףϰˣҽ£ϰϢϢϰ岻ɣ
ףĿЦȻᣬС㡣

λƵĳ˾Ƶţ22ţ졶ԽŮҪȥһ⾰أʼˣҲҪȥ
ԣһеӣٳȥתһת
ص㻹ϴεֵҪЩ棬Լϴһ족Ĺȥ֮󣬲֪Щ̣᲻ѧ
ԣȥһת
һСʱ֮ٴϴֵעһ½ֵԭĽ֡
߽Ľ֣족һ족ĹԶԶԲֻһҵ̡
ǺһЦһȻвٵĵ̣ģˡ족Ĺ档
һЩǰֵϵĴһʱ䣬Щп
ģһŷΡĵ⣬λףϰĵ̡
濴˿ȻǰһҲ㲻ġλ˿ѡ
˿֮ǰߣûнȥĴ㡣ȴͻȻһϲ
λףϰ壬ڵ濴ԼǺһЦͣ½ŲתȻ˼ϰںȻҲҪ˼ϰкǡ
ףĿ첽̣Ȼ˵Ҫ￵ŵ⣬λ˻᲻ٴξȴֿ֪ԺС
ȴ˭֪ٴο˹ˣСӵҲ̫˰ɡ
û뵽ٴο㣬һףĺǼ
ЦЦͷȻȥһ
ףļȴǸոףһϲĴ֮󣬿첽˵ţоһ
ף˼ˣλĹ˰ɡ
Ҳæλϴףĵĺ˳ȥ
Ȼһֱʱ̣ɵһٵʱԼţôã
ûһλ˵еĹˡ
ֻǣλ˵еĹ˵ò֮ͻȻŵÿԷǲŵɫ
˵ׯ
ףϰһܳϵĴ㵱飬Цʶң
أԻ֮УôҲ벻ףϰеĹ˾Ȼħʲôʱħˣ
ףϰ徹Ȼܵﻹʥ壬ħԼĵǰҲ̫ˡ
ոջڸ̾Լãڲ֪˼ףϰǰһĴڡ
ҪǴˣҵ겻˵ȫҲᱻȫٵѹע벻׬ǮҲѰ
Ҫ֪ׯһݣȻԼûгϣ˾Ųʮˡ
Ľٿϰ壿
ףÿΪׯҲȡ
ȻȵĲݣѾȷˡ
ȵǣ⿵Ȼʶ̫ˡ
лع˲ü֣Щŵ˵ׯԵũׯҵ죬ȥũׯֳҼׯ
ԭˣЦŵͷ



İʮ һ
ף˵ųһʶ˼ׯׯʶ㰡ˣһΪׯء
룡ףٴ
ͷЦʵףϰ⼸ɺã
ףæĹ֮󣬵һֱ̫ܲлˡ
ףϰϴξѾлˣͲٿˡ
ףæ˵ǣǣġ
˻ص˿ȫǺϴǸոտϰǸˣͻȻǰŵܳȥǼӡ
ԭȥӭˣֻ˿ȥϤӦòʲô֮ࡣ
ȻɻϰǸˣΪʲô˶Ҳٶ룬ͷѡ
ףĽ뵽ϢϢȻҲ۰Ͱ͵ĸ˽ȥ
족Ĺ֣֮ÿڸոյ˷֮Щɥ
ΪȻǳ֣֮ôǹ˾Ҫ롰족߼һ£Ȼˡ
ʦǹ湫˾ֻеȵ̫һˡ
ˣûˣ⼸컹װ׻˼׿Ǯÿơ
ھҲ˵ˣǶԷԸˣȡĳʽĺҲС
⵹ǻôһԣŬһ¡
Ϣ
ڿļüŪ֮£ףǰ˵һ¡
棿ǹ湫˾ģʿ⵹΢һ⡣
ʱףĳ족Ĺ棬ֻԶΪûй湫˾Ϊ
ǵģׯǵʯ湫˾ģǡæѾ˼˵˳
룬˵ɣҸһţҪҺĳ棬ȰѹĿҵ䣬ҿ֮ûԣپ̸顣
ûоܾ˵족Ĺ֮٣лǰһЩ棬磬Ҳܾ
Ļ֮ٴΰ۾ɹԲׯʹӦˣ
Ѿ˱ܾ׼ʲôݣһССĹ湫˾öģ
ɽȴûоܾ˵ûֱӴӦҪȿһĿǹ湫˾˵ѾһĺϢˡ
ǣǣӦˡ̫лׯˡׯסħҰ¸˾һ˵ϰ嶨ҪŰݷá
ǺһЦ˵ȥҵũׯôҵĿˣҲһԵֻ֡ǣҪ뿪ħˣֻٻˡԣݷõͲˡ
ׯҪˣףͬʱ˵
ͷ
˶һֵ̾ź
漴뵽ظˣӦײβģħһõİѾĪĻԵˣﻹҪࡣ
˶û뿪ħ֮󣬻ȥ
֪ǲӦ⡣

ףĵĵһһ䣬֮뿪ˡ
ףĿ뿪ıӰ뵽ԺҲˣͻȻеһĪ˸С
Ȼźȴ˷ܡ
ߺҲǣ˳˾ȥѾԵĸокһǰȥˡ
˵˷ϲ¾ˬ˷ϲ·Ҳ죬һСʱ֮󣬿ÿ˾Ȩİ칫ǡ
Ȩſβסϲɫһ˵Сϲɫнչˣ
أ˷ܵ˵ֹнչֱš
ǰףĵ﷢飬ϸĸȨһ飬Ȼ˷ܵĿȨ
Ȩ͵ĴλվſʵСȷԵũׯׯͬͬգ
ȨЩë֪˷ܣǲ˷ܵĹͷأôôûж
︹һ䣬ɲϱ¶ܿȻȷˣȥԵũׯȻҲʶ
ȨȷȥԵũׯô˵Եũׯׯˡ
⡭
Ȩ˫۷Ź⣬˵֮ǰԡ족ߺڴôڣٷ֮ٵȷţһԽǹ˾Ŀǰٵһ⡣
Ȼǰǹ˾ĿǰȤԸ֡
Ϊʲôô⡰족Ĺ֮⣬Եũׯҵ죬й١¸ǰ塱ȦȦȤζĻ
ˣҲ˵δйٷϵġʦݣʹͣȴһȫũׯһ˵;ǳˡ
ֻЩϧǣ˵Ҫ뿪ħˣŰݷãȨеǳź



İٰʮ ԰׽
ȨأԼһ֮ڰ칫أǿѹԼеļԿ˵Сķǳãȳȥɣ˾ġ
۾ȵĲ仰Ҫ֪οǻ˺üٿǮء
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ȨŸոտµ䣬ԥʲôʱ򣬸ѹĿȥȽϺʣ
ͷȥڷȥ̫磬ǹ˾òŸհûһǵĿͷˣôż
ʵϣȨͦżģǹ˾ǰһҵĹ߻ԷǴҵҲúܸߣǹ˾ǳӡ
ֻǣʱǹ˾˺ü׹淽Է̫⣬ûܹɽ
ۿѾûмʱˣҪûóͨĹ淽ԷһΥԼСؼǶǵʯӰܴ
ǵʯȻ㲻һĹ湫˾ȫΧڣҲбȽϴġ
Ҫǹ˾ΪûóϸĹ淽ΥԼ鴫ǹƲȫͬǿЦӰ쵽ԺĿͻԴ
ԣȨżҪǲ֪ҲͰˣڼȻ֪ˡ
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ӵĻ˷ԵЩʱȷܹӱжϣһҶãͶ뵽гкõЧ𣿴𰸿϶Ƿ񶨵ģ봺ԽԽǵʱҲԽԽѾټȵʯǱˡȵʯʱ䵽ˣȥĹ湫˾ʱ͵ˡ
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ҹ湫˾ͬʱӵĿǵʯˣҲڶ˶ӡƫƫǵʯȽĿ˽µʱ䣬ҪˣϿɾЩÿˡ
ȨЩģҲֻܰϣˣǹ˾Լٲ߻֮ǰõĹˡ
ԸĿȤɡȨ
գ˳ˢһʼҪһʼûлظûϣôͻʼ̲סҪˢ¿һ
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ȻʾȤĿʼᵽҪȨӦˡ
ʵϣǹ˾ڽĿǱƷҩƷ֮ĿʱͬԶԷĲƷҪǳϸ
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ڿ԰׽ԵϣѾƵĵַȨ

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Ȼ᣿ҡͷǿɲã˵Էҵķ֮ء
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ֻǰ棬ֵʽ
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д֮룬΢һЩٸȨȥ

10㣬ѾصȨڿŰ˿ӡ
ֻͻȻյһϢȨùֻһأһֱӴɳվһԵİʵһ
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Ȩȴûᰮ˵Ĳǿ첽߽鷿򿪵ԡ
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ÿһ˽ӵŵĹ淽󣬶ǳĿͬʱҲɻ󣬡һͽǿǸʲô˼ǹ˾Ĺ淽ǲųǻɶ
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ȨŴңŲµе뷨˵ҲɻҲûйִҵ˼ΪܺãӰƷҪʱ䣿
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ˣȥӰƷɣҲף潻·ᱣ˼һҪŹء
ǰ⾭Ҳǵģ潻ȥǹ˾𣿡


һС򣬾ħ̫Զ5СʱҾܵ
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ֳΨһе˾ˡ
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ǰڵ׼ҪæҲֵС
ȵһй׼ܵݺɵһʼԽŮӾ磬ʽģ



İٰʮ Ѱĸо
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о޷ԱǾֻͨݣԱͨ۾Լȥ۲졢ˡ
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ΪԺУǰΪοԱȡ
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ȻˣôԼͰԺУЩĶ̬ģ³
ֳˣͨ۲Լģ£Լȥʲôĸо
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ݵĽɫǷ󻡣
ֳ˴ʱҲ⣬кɻ󣬡Ϸ𣿡
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ѵ˵ĸо
ԽԽ𾪣һԱԽԽ𾪣ҲԽԽ𾪡
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ƺѾףʲôĸоˡ
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ԽԽ
ΪͨıݣѾһЩףΪʲô֮ǰʱܻһ˿Ťĸоˡ
Ϊ֮ǰЩԱûݳĸо
ʱһ龵ͷ
סеļЦϵܣѾášֿݵˡоĸоѾʲôĸоˡ
ͬһЦȴӱʵоô
ӱɫ΢΢һ죬˵Ҳֻ֪ǸоϷ
ЦЦ˵ȥӰطŰɣ򡣡
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ʱ򣬹ԱѾոӰطţͨĻٴιۿ
оⶫ΢Ҳ޷ԱԱֻͨۿԼȥ
˹ۿͬʱҲͬڹۿĴŮϷôҲúúÿǡ
ǣҲͨӰطţԼûݳĸо
Ӱһ飬ԼıݻǺģȻҲǰЩĸоģ³ˡ
ڵˣͨӰȥѰĸоѾ㹻ˡ



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Ҫ֪ļұҵĲƷ䲻۵õģҲԲС

ֻǸҵڹҵڣĹҲǷǳһĹ湫˾϶Ѿ֪ˡ
ȻѾ֪ˣȻǱز١
ЦֻҡͷźҲ˵һЦΪǲʱǲ֮ˡ
Ϊһʦֻǹ湫˾Ա㲻֪ġڲ񡱡
ô·ϣ㶼˼˼Ҵк

ʯ档
ļҵȤţǲˡȨһڰ칫
ȻѾʾȤô͸̸̸۸ˡ
ֻǣһ뵽۸Ȩ;һۡ
ΪҪۡʵǡʵǡ̫ˣ
5000һڼۣлۣ
5000Ĺ߻ѣеۡ
Ҫ֪ǵʯ棬Ϊȫ׼һĹ湫˾߻Ĺ߱ҲżʮһҲͼʮ¡
ȫһĴ棬θ·ᱣıҲ100Ѿǹ˾ߵıˡ
5000򣬾ư˼ֱӸˡ
ȨһΪڿЦ̬Ⱥȷʾ۸ʵѾܵˡ
Ϊü꣬10ֻ꣬Ҫҵ棬ԺͲûˣֱһõס
һ10ꣿȨԼʾػˡ
Ȼ5000̫һַʽ
ǾǹĲȡǣҪҵÿĴϷֺ20%ʱΪ5ꡣ
ȻڸùƷĴҵ»Ʒ򲻼ڡ
ʽ治Ǯˣǣ϶ͬûҵͬ⡣
ΪҪ5ĺ죬Ҫڵڶ꣬ͱ֮ˣҵǰװ׸4ĺ
ֱ5000򻹿ӡ
ȨȰı⣬ִˣȨҲֻӲͷƤֱ۷ʽֱ𷢸ļҵ
õļҵڿ۷ʽ֮󣬾ԻŭΪǱֱǮҪɶ
5000򰡣0ɡ
ȨܲףԲǮΪʲôҪۻôأ

Ϊʲôôף
𰸣ֻһ֪
ңҪ۾ԲǸ߼ۡ
Ҫ֪ǰ԰׽һĴǶ٣
𰸾ˡ
⣬绪˿ԶǰҪö࣬Ըӿֲ

̾ϢһõĹ氡Ϳ˭Ե˰ɡ


İپʮһ ǲ
ȨԤһԪļҵյ۷ʽ֮ȫˡ
Ϊ϶0Ȩȷ֮Ȧˡ
ǮǹȻܹõó5000һ߻Ƿˡ
һֱ۷ʽǸе⣬һʹö೤ʱ䣿һ궥ˣʱֻʹü¡
ȴҪ5ĺ죬ֱ٣
Ȩ˵ģü꣬ʮֱ꣬ӱˡ
ţ˭ᣬ㻹˵üʮꡢϰء
ģһ㲻˽飬ΪԼĹ棬ľֵۣ
ֻǴôѰģһ㵱Ȼܣôġ
ԭ޷⣬ѾҪˡ
Ԫౣͨҵȷϱ۲ǿЦֱ֮Ӿ;ܾˣû˿ԥ
Ǽʮ100ȫԽܣ5000ǻֱˡ
ΨкԪûϻؾ
»ԼĿ5000ʽѾһˣܹõˣҪͨ»ͬ⡣
ΪһĵˣұҡҲԲǮҪ׬һʡ
ôΪʲôҪ˲˼ĸ߼ۣ
ԭ棬ֵıۡ
Ҳ˵ֵıۣʼһָоӦ
һĶĲ
»ͬ˵ģҲзԵģ˫չ˼ҵۡ
»ۣҵҲֻۣ۵ķ΢һЩһ
һ5000ȫĽʺޡ
۵

ںԪҵڲչ۵ͬʱĹ汨ۣҲ˸󱣽ƷҵԼ湫˾
ĿͬʱҲʦʲô£Ƕ˹עĽ㡣
û5000ıۣԼһֱʽΪڣĿǰȵĻ⣬û֮һ
ƷˣҪôһٵϢ
־˲һ
ֻǱ۸ߵף⵹ûʲôƷ㱨һҲûйϵؼ˵ԪǱ߲ûֱӻؾȻйⴿɵư
˭˵أ˵5000򣬾500ǶǾԵɵơ
˼Ҳǻû֮УҲôһ˷ɵɣտ϶ǲṺġ


ε¼УԪҲǽ֮һ
۷׷׵ʱ򣬺ԪڲĶ»飬Ҳһ¿Ǿǲҵһλܣǰȥһ棬֮Ƿľ

ȨѺԪ˼תʱȻͬ
ңҲӦŶԡ
Ͼ5000ԲһСĿǶںԪĴҵ˵ͬˡ
⣬ʵҲԪĸ߲һ棬ԪҪĹ棬ҲͬҪԪµġǿ𡱣Ƿֵѹǡ
ĵصȻħҲԶ

1127գ㡣
ԪλܣȨͬ£˳
Ȼɻʲôȴǲʡ
õһҾƵӴˡ
һСʱ֮
߳Ƶ꣬ȨЦ棬Ҳͬϲɫ
һηǳɹĻ档
Ƶ¥¡
ֱֵ˳˳ȥҲûĵ顣

ߺ˿ʱ䣬ҲǱ߽ǲȥˣùϢҲ̫ˣԾССתһת
ЩУСȤ
žƵڵֱֵߣֵԵĽҲߣһ㶼塢¥ӣײҲݻ
Ȼϵȴǲ٣˱⣬;ӵ·ˣĽοͣӡӰԱȵȡ
һ仰ԱȽӡ
ҲСɫ֮һ
ڽֵϣʱʱͻһЩȤ顣
磬һߵߣչʾһֻʵСӣֻ
ֱ磬ǰĳһ˵һǮڵϣϾһ˵ߣصĶ˵٣СӣǸ˵Ǯˣھ˿ϽȥǰǮƽˡ
ΪȤġ
ǰ棬ƺһʲôȤ飬ڷ
ҶǮǮͷˣȴƫƫϡһ20˵
СӽҺİǮ㣬զ˵ǮǮأһ60ҵ˵
һһ٣
ΧΧ10ֵˡ
Ȥ
µ߽Χ۵Ⱥ



İپʮ СȤ¡
߽ȺΧ˵˽ܿԭί
ܼ򵥡
20Сǰ棬ϵһǮ治Զ60ҵĴүˣǮ׷СӣǮСӡ
ȻСӴǮȴ˵Ǯԭ1000Ǯȴֻ500Ǯˣ500ǮȻǴүˡ
ү£ȴ500ǮȻҲǷǳߣ˾ִˡ
һ£΢еˣһĿȻ
Χ۵ˣȻҲס
λүǱˣǺûñ
СᣬȥϰǮȴЩаǮȱ¡
ǵãҲλүĺãŻϵ
ү500Ǯⶨˡ

˽Щߣͬү
ֻǣ˸ùʣСһҧǴүǮҲ޷ү֤ûСӵǮ
ֻͬĿŴү
ͷϽ500ǮҡҾҪȥɳˡСв
ҡûǮΪʲôҪ500ǮҡҲûǮү˵ҪȥɳеһЩ¡
С۾һϷ˵ͷʹҲףֻǮңҾͲȥɳˡ֪ǮҸոȡȡ
Сӻδ˵꣬Ͻס졣
ȻʶԼ˵˲˵Ļ
ԭˣΧ۵˻ȻǸոһֱ֣СƾʲôΪүϻ500Ǯ
ӴүĴԾͲǮˡ
ԭǿ˼ҸմȡǮ
⻹ԤıģȻӿɶȫ޺޵ĿСӡ
СӸܵ˵Ŀ⣬Щ߳ŭ˵ͷϽǮȥɳ
˵꣬һֳסү죬Ҫɳȥ
үȻӺ£ֻ˵ûǮҲȥɳ
ɳȻûԸȥԼ׵ġ
ȿȣ
ƺӦóˣһ߽ȺСʵСӣǮԭжǮ
СӼͻȻ˳飬΢΢һ㶣ɹˣǵһ˳¡
ؿֲ󣬱Ҳûеһ£˵1000Ǯڱͷ500ֻʣ500ˡ
λСӣûǮүæһ˵˳ȼһϣ
Ŵү΢΢ͷʾүż
ֶ֮С˵ڿ˵Ǯֻʣ500ˡǣǴҶ֪˵ǲģһǮ1000Ǯȴ˵ֻ500ǮⲻǴĶթλүɣǮøҼһ£ҿǲֻ500Ǯֻ500ǮǾλүˣǾͿ֤
Ļ˵꣬˵ɫνͬ
Сһ㶣漴һϲΪһµأԭһͷˡ
ѵСӼ500ǮҪˣЩۺ죬ҪһţȻͬˣһҲǲԣ͵ѺˡС뵽
үȴ־ָ˰˵ԭΪòһλˣȴû뵽һƥǣ500ǮǱﶨˡ
Χ۵Ҳһ˿ŭ
ǸղҲΪڿȥˣҪְүǻĬĬΪޣ˵ͬˣ˵Ĳզôأ
ȴ˭֪ԭһ֮ѣСҪô֮ǰСӵͬҪôǿ˼ǮҪˣ׼ȥһ
Ǻˡ
ޣΧ۵ȫ˼ү񣬸ͬˡ
ƥǣүֻƲˡ
λֵ˵öԣҿǲˣҵǮֵܼ飬Ҳڳλһ֤С˷ܵ˵
˵꣬㽫Ǯݸ
ޣΧ۵˼С˷ģٴһ
ЦЦӹǮǮȫóȷ500Ǯ
ҶһǮĵȷȷ500Ǯһ˵һ߰ǮԼ˵ǮΧ۵ʾ⡣
Χ۵һĿ룺ⲻϻ浱Ȼֻ500Ǯֲɵӡ
˵ɫȴֻЦЦ˵ȻҶˣôҾͰ500ǮŻǮˡ
500ǮŻǮģȻǮݸү˵үţ񵽵Ǯ
⻰һ˵
˲䡣
СˣүˣΧ۵Ҳˡ
ɶ˼
ΧĿ˶ݵ֮СȷӦ˵ֵܣ⡭ɶ˼
үǮ㽫Ǯŵүϡ
֮󵭵ЦģǮ1000ǮλүǮ棬ȴֻ500Ǯ˵λү񵽵ǮǮ
ǮȻӦôүǮǸˡСӣҲϽȥǮɣʱ䳤ˣ˼˿ɾͲðˡɲ˶λүôĵġ


İپʮ Сѧʦ̹ĵ
Ļ˵꣬Χȫٴˡ
ȫϸ˼ո˵Ļ˼
鷽ʽת̫죬Ҫúõһۡ
Ƭ֮ȷӦȻСӣСףǰСӵĵˣƨͬˣСǳ򱧲ƽӢ۵ġ
ڵľ鷢չȥƭү500ǮԼ500Ǯ̣
С˲ŭˣֱӳүȥ׼Ȱ500Ǯ˵Ҫ֤ǡ
ֻǣһӰأĵǰǸС˭
СӣҪСȵ
ЦֵˣֵֻܣȥǮ£ĪҪٵˡ
Сһ˫͵ȥ׼ȰƵһߣǮ֮ʰСӡ
ȴ֣ǰСӵ徹Ȼ˿
Сһ㶣漴˫ʹԼǰСӵ廹˿
⡭
СЩɻǰСӵϿȥֶԷһЦĿ
Χ۵ҲѾӦ׷״еãðСӺģ
֪֮ǰֵֺǸСˡ
˼Ҳ֮ǰǸСӵͬҲȥһ˼üƲ߰λү
ңƲʵ̫ˣֽоǮﲻ1000Ǯֻ500ǮǮȻͲˡ
Χ۵ֻһˬ޲ЦΪֵСӵĴ̾ѡ
ֿСס֮ǰǸСӣҲ̲סķ׷׳кãʱҲ˲ã˵֮ǰǸСˡ
үҲ֪СڰԼ˸м
ֻǣǮɲҪæǮݻ˵Сӣ̫лˣ⡭ǮҲҪ
ͷǮϣЦȻүǮô͡
˵ͣһ£ǮҲ΢ǰ˵ݣƺ׼ǰСӡ
СӼƺҪǮˣһϲĵ٣Сӣ֪˰ɡѾˣڰǮңҲҪ˽㣬С֪򡣡
Χ۵ҲΪҪǮСˡ
ǶԴҲ⣬֮ǰСһǱصС죬СˣǲҪѱصС̫Ϊá
ֻǣȴ˴۾
ǰݳǮûеݸСӣǵݵԼһֻ˵ôүɳȥɡҼǵöСѧʱʦ̹ǣ·ϼ񵽵ĶҪ塣ǮĿǰΪֹûǰ죬Ǿֻܽˡ
һס黹һ۰
Сǰݳ׼ӹǮ֣ôأͣڰա
Ƭ֮СŭģСˣң
޹ûаֲǮôܸأ϶ýˡ㲻֪ûϹСѧֻСѧʦûн̹СѧʦĲˡ
˵꣬εҡҡͷƺϧӡ
Χ۵ˣʱҲ̲סĹЦ
ңΧ۵ԽԽࡣ
ԶԣСѧʱʦҲô̹ңӦý塣
СѧʦҲ̹ңҵʦǺܸεġ
֮ǰСӵСѧʦ˭Ȼ̫ˡ

С˵ĳЦǰСϿɶЦݣһ顢һ飬ˣǰСǲ׼Ǯˡ
͵ʴףԣʴһֻ
ңӸոǰСӵСӷӦô򲻹Է
ô죿
ֻʱȳһˣͷʰСӡ
뵽СӺ޺޵ĿһۣܺãСҵţ
֮תΧ۵˺ʲôȫҹ
˵꣬СӼȺ첽ȥ
Χ۵˿СǱȥӰжһ
СӲ֪ͬķթˣǶթɣ˸ʰˡ
ͽãӦˬ

ֲЩΪģСӸո뿪ʱԾʲȥˡ
ƺûҪߵ˼˷׷Ȱ˵
СӺģϽߣҿոСȥˡ
ǰСӣֵͷ㶷ǵģİɣˣҲûˡ
ǰСӣٲ߾ˡ

үҲ˵Сӣղ̫ллˡȻ500ǮǱסˡߣҲÿߡȻ˻鷳ˡ
Ŵү˵үЩ뿪ɣõңûµġ
ֶ֮Χ۵˵ллҵĹģûµģɢ˰ɡ
ԶԣҶɢˣȻôΧСһ۾ͿˡȺ˵
һҲǣ׷ɢȥߵʱ򣬻ҲҪϽ뿪ǡ
΢Цҵͷʾ⣬˻֣ȴһûеĵ˼
үһлҲ첽뿪ˡ
Ⱥ뿪һ20Ůӣһֻ뿪ʱЦЦĴָ
֪Ѹոյ飬ֻ¼
տʼ¼һ̣Ѿ֪ˣûֹ
ͬŮЦЦҲĴָ



İپʮ Сķ粨
Χ۵뿪֮ǮŽֵǰߡ
ոյ飬һСüһС
20֮սһССխĳкܳһξ룬ӿ2ң߶3׶ߵΧǽ
һҽᣬɱԽĺõطȻҲһܵĺõط
ûǹսСġ
ոյǸС10ˣѾں10ˣ˼Ҹ̫òǡ
ոյСۼսСоһϲΪصС죬ȻС
٣Сӣд·㲻ߣƫСꡣɣСôԾŵˡСЦֹ
֮Աߵ˵ֵǣСԼСǿԼӿŲˡ
Ա˵˵ëӣСҲǹ˥ģôһСӾ͹500Ǯȥ˰
һҲ˵ǰС壬һ˾̷ˣȴ10СƽʱĵûôС
ԭСӽëӣΪͷȽٵԵʡ
ëΧֵô˵Щջ𣬰ǶƨСأҵˣôʰˣ
ȴЦλֵ˵öԣԵʧֶⲻֻ˸λֵǰһӣֵǵı£ȻǶëܹȵģȻСӿ޵
ո˵ëһ˵پһƮƮȻһ˵ëӰͷˣԷȻ㶪ӣǾǲұﲻǣȻһӡ
ëﰵƨı磬ܴܲҶ˵˵úǸһ
ȴǣһжбˡ
ӺõĵͷΪ緢Ĵһֵǣߣ
10ȫƲƲ죬ȴû˵ʲô
ֻǾ룺ȻˣӴͳǰˡ

ߵ߶Χǽĵطͣ
ͣƬ֮ƺȻʲôæתƺ֪ԼýӣҪܻȥ
һиպñոչսӵĶëӵ˿ʱȫЦëӵ˵Сӣ֪ԼýˣˡողǺ𣿵ô˵棬Ϸˣëүҡô֪ˣȰëүǮԼԼеǮֵǮĶóɡ
10ˣҲϵġٺ١Ц˼
ΨбЩ˵Ŀ˶ëһۣ⻰Ӧ˵Ŷ
һһˣЩš˵ģôҪǮ㣬Ӻˡ
˵꣬һֱǮëӵǰһӡ
ǮеٶȲ죬ߵ˶켣
ëӼǮԼǰЦһֽסǮ
ȻֽӴǮһɲǣȴоǮƺһɾֱԼϡ
ɫ˲䣬һУҪջأȴѾˣǮ£һľǰȥ
ӦҲѸ٣ټ߹켣׹ǮǺܴ󣬶ëӵײ˼֮󣬵Ҳû˵ڵϡ
վ֮ĶëӣǮǵͨ죬Ҳ֪Ǹոյײԭ򣬻ǸоӸġ
10˲ԣëӽզ£
ͽһǮѣȻӳ⸱ģǮֲǼʮص
ëӣģԺǸűɣñ㡣ӳЦ
ëƣǼ˹ˣôһССǮôոոоô
ֲø˽ͣˣҲȻţֻڨڨĸЦĺȴǸˡ
ʱ˵ˣǮѾˣҿ˰ɣ
¶ëĻæ˵ߣҲëǸ˭ģӣǾǲұ㻹ߵɣԹԵվҵֵǴһ٣ٰеĶóôȥˡΣ
Ŷ𣿡Цô˵ǵϴˣ˵Ƕ
ӿһôϣ˵ʵ⻰ҽӣΪǶһͬϴ
⻰ҪǽˣǲǱӣҪϴλ
ʮӣҲҡ
ֻСӣϻٰĻ㡣
ʧ˵һΪϴأֵǮĶɶˣһ׼ȫء
۾һ˵ʵҲǿԸҵģֵǡ
Ҿ͸ˡ˵ţӶһ鼦Сι״ĺɫӵʯͷ˵ʯȻģҲֵʮҸ㣬ܱ֤ܲҰȫ뿪
ʮʮ
ӡëӵŨṴ֮̃ɫ漴һϲ
껹һ㰡



İپʮ ·
Ӻݺݵʿˮæ˵죬ҡ
ͷ˵ã׹ţⶫеأҪСЩ
˵꣬еʯͷǰһףʯͷڿлһߣ׼ȷӵǰ
ӵֳŨҵĿȣ˫֣׼סֵʮʯ
ëۿűӾͿҪסʯͷˣ۾ͻȻһԼոսǮʱĳһΡ
ͷûڶëӵԺת꣬Ϳͬǰ˼֮òײվ
վıӣϲʯͷҿһ߿һʯͦصġ
ȴûΪʲôֻڸոսʯͷʱ򣬸оأڵȴһͨʯͷࣿ
ӽʯͷ˼֮󣬱㽫ʯͷѸٷŽ·ڴ
֪ڲϸʯʱöСӣֵǮĶó
˼ӽʯŽ˿ڴҲʱû˵ʲô֪ӲܣҲҽʯ̣Ƕзݡ
ǺԸǰСӵʱ
СӲͦϵɣôϵķϣֵǮĶó֮ͿˣأҲͲˡ˵
оԼƺѾһЩϴˡ
̾һǮƻǻ˵̽Ͱ
ȴЩϲ˵úã˵һﻹмʯÿһļֵҲʮңһȫˡ
˵꣬֪ɫӵʯͷһ˵ķӹȥ
˸ո˵мʯʱ򣬾ѾײˣڿɫӵʯԼʲôҲ˲ˡ
ʯûзɵǰѾ໥һ顣
˵֮󣬴ҿܻǻƽ֣ȴȻƲס
ÿÿǿҵġ
ģƾʲôģӦҵġ
10˵䣬ɫӵʯͷѾɵǰλøոպõˣϲʯͷץȥ
š
Ӵʯء
Ӵҵ֣ˡ
Ҳүģ˭ںң
֣֣꣬ӵ֣˭ȵӵˣ
ǸԻĲȵӵĽˣ

һӳȥʯͷ֮֮ǰδֹڵһʱץʯͷˣȫǰˤȥ
֮ǰһֱ໥ڣͬʱǰˤȥ
νǣһȫһײһ10˺ܿȫˤڵϡ
ȵҵ֣ҲȵĽţܿǰһ顣
һصĲ̤¹ʡ
ͬĿ˿صˣĵ⵹ǲóˡ
漴֮䴩˵Ǹ磬ʯȫˣôҾˡ
˵꣬ҡҡͷƵ߳С

߳С֮ӵأԻڵϣ໥֣Ҳ˲Ѿˡ
ֹһӴˣˣҶˡһǿ׬˺üʮÿһ˶ֵܷ١
ֹͣáҡҡλε屻ȵĵطأԻۡ
һ뵽ʮ˲ֱ˷̰ܶȵĵطҲˡ
ӼҶԼĻһˬоԼϴһ㡣
ӳŵʱһİģȻôǮֵϴģ
Ӱһ֮˵ҶѸոʯȫóͳһȥˣƽǮǧҪ˽򣬾ͱֵǲˡ
˿ǮķϣҲûиӼƽϣͳȫ㵱һϴɡ
ʯһ8飬ÿ10Ļһ80һ14ˣÿ˶Էֵ57ǧǮ
˵һʾ޿ˡ
ԣÿ˶ŵϷһ8ʯ˫۷Ź⡣
Լ°¿ɲܸϴ͸¶14֪
ȻֲɵҪǸϴ˵ˣǮһҪϴȥˡ
⣬ⶫӦõħȥɲܾˡ
Զԣħļ۸϶Ҫߣȥħ鱦
ãһȥͳɣҹζࡣ
ãϸĿⱦʯⱲӻûмء
˺İʯǰϸ鿴ⶫֵ10Ǯأ˵ʲôҲúúÿ
ֻǣſţһͻȻС˵ôоʯЩͨʯͷ
һҲ˵ҿҲеͨʯͷ
УǶʲôӲм˵ʯʯͷһ֣ŵȻЩʯͷˡУոСӲҲ˵Щʯõġ򣬼ֵֺֹ10һ飿⣬ͨʯͷСӷôͨʯͷʲôǿۿóġ
һ⻰پʮֵеһ˵٣ӣ㻹ɣƾЩǾͺһ磬㵱ϴҲ޷
ãû⣬Ҳͬ⡣Ҳ׷ױʾͬ
ǸˬһӣƵ˵ߣֵǣħ



İپʮ վҹ
뿪С֮󣬼Žֵй䣬ֹһ֮󣬿ʱѾˣ㿪ʼסùȥ
һֱصùݣ·ҲûʲôȤ顣

վ
ӡëӵ߽վ׼ǰħ
˵ëӣ֮ǰСӶһǮ治500Ǯ⳵Ѿ˰ɡ
ëһͲˣ˵ӣȥħһ˵80Ǯ14ˣһҪҪ١㰡14X80Ƕţ500Ǯ϶˵ֵܵʮʯǶҶëӽǡʲô飿
һҲˣ˵ëӣֵǿΪ˸ӦøлǲŶԣɶġ
֮ô뺰ëӳѣԼ᲻80Ǯ֮⣬ΪȺ˵ϴܰ12˰ѳʡˣȻͻӮǵĺøС
ǣϴϴȻҪϴĸоϴСܸѣӦ
ëѾ14˵ĳһ1120ǮôǮƾʲôҪ
ǣ˭Ҳ˭ۿžҪˡ
ʱһ˵ˣˣˣɣ14˵ĳһ1120Ǯëһ˳500ʣµ620Ǯ13ƽ̯ʯһһ˷ֺüȴΪ1000Ǯĳִ˰
⻰һ˷׷ױʾͬ
Ҳͬˡ
ëӼȫͬˣȻԸȴҲòܣһֹ߰һߴǮ׼500Ǯó
ɵǮһʱɵˣǮտյ˵500Ǯ5ëǮûС
ղ꣡СƭˣûǮëӴ
ȻȴһɵŶëӡ
˵˵ëӣò500Ǯ˰ɣøǮϷء
ëһ㶣漴ŭʲô˼ΪҶëһα˵ûоûУҶëǲǰ500Ǯˡ
˼ë⸱ģЩŶëӵĻˣ˵ǱСӸƭˡ
мˣЩ⶯ҪһѶëӵվûж֡
ģˣѸԳԵİɣϾֺܷüǮˣҲں80ǮˡӺ˵
ðɣðɣ80ǮС˼Ҳ׷׸͵
˵꣬ʼԼǮ
ӴȥȵȣһͻȻ˵
ôˣͬʱЩõʵ
ո˵˼ǴҶͿˣڶôˣǵħѾˣʲôʯֻһȥħˡ
˵꣬ҲӦ
군żǮ˷ˣȴʱѾˡ
ֻһȥħˡ
˺ܿͷһ⣬ǾǣЩʯϷ˭
ȻҶ̫ģʯڱ
군80ǮһǸСӳҹһ͵͵ˡֻ͵͵һЩƵļʯͷЩʯˣ˾ǿ޵ĵطûˡ
ɣ֪Щʯ̸κһ˱ܣ˶ġôǽͶȥ˯ˣ⳵վһͬЩʯǾΣӽ
㿴ңҿ㣬׷ԼСžš
ֻҲ벻ʲô취Ҳֻͬ˱ӵĽ飬Ϊ˺üǮڳվһʲô
ǣ˴ǮȥһЩʳ׼ڳվɹҹ

1128գ峿
ڱӡëӵ˵Ŀȴ֮Уҹɫȥ
ңԶĶƺҲһ˿ǰס
ܲһʺϷƵӡ
峿һˣֿȴ˺þãڵȵ˵һͳʱ䡣
ȲĵϿͳѡһλãαһܿ죬͡ȫ˯ˡ
ѾϳˣǵǲʯǸˣʲôˡ
ͳһ·10˯ˣǻأԴһ˿Ц⡣
Уεʲôõ顣

ڱӵȥħ;УһںԪҵϢ󱣽ҵԼҵڣȻ󲨡
ǾǣԪҵˣ򡰽ز񡱵Ĺ档
佻׵ķʽǣԪҵ5꣬²ƷǿĴˣֺ20%
һ𾪺ͷľٶ
Ϣˣ޲Ŀ࣬ΪԪһǷˡ
ֻзӣܸɳô޴顣



İپʮ ȥ鱦
󱣽ҵԼҵڵˣںԪľеǳĲ⡣
ͬʱ֮ڵ˵뷨Ͳͬˡ
ҵֻһ˿˷ܡ
ΪڵſԪЦͬʱڼĻƽڣһľ֡
·ᱣ
½Ԭ˹Ц
½һǳǻ۵ˣû뵽Ȼһô޴顣
Ԭӿڵǰ520%ķֺ죬ѸǮƹ棬ܹõĴڻƽڽҾǡ

·ᱣ󱣽˾˵£ҲͬǹЦ
Ԫˣ˼ǾȫƷҵĵһ
кϷˣҸұ֤沥ʱȫھһ顣
ͨڣһ˲಻ͬҵ
Ǿ䡮ֻǿ𡯺ġðƾʲôֻǿǶ޴飬ԪȻˣ󡣡
٣˵ǺԪ»ԱһԴ·ɵġ⵹Ǳ520%ķֺ죬ǵǶǮ
ٺ٣ǿ˵׼һԪġǿ𡯣Ϊ˵ֱӾƲˡ˵5ĺ죬Ƿ50ĺ죬Ҳһ0
Щ˵̫ˡϲ
¸£ҷڷǳڴһĲ
ٺ٣ͬڴʵǣұڴǹ˾ĲƷڴĲǿɲܰ¸쵼


󱣽ҵˣҵڵأ
ھ֮࣬Ľʺˡ
520%ķֺ죬ǰ޹ˣҲûߵĵһ۹档
ٹ湫˾Ľʺۡ
Ĺ湫˾ƴһ꣬û˼һ׬Ǯࡣ
˱ˣ˰
Ҳһֿܣø湫˾Ľʺޣø湫˾ҲͬЦ
ǾǺԪµġǿ𡯲ƷΪĹֱƲ
ӵĻ5ֺ20%ȻͳΪһЦ
ҪǣĽƺǿԤġ
ΪҾţ沥һһ顣
ڹ湫˾뵽ƺ˲٣ʼĽ㵽
ȻҲǸ󱣽ҵεĽ

̩鱦ħ鱦꣬ܵλħġ
1㣬10ƣȴ˷ܵСӣ߽̩鱦ܵꡣ
һȻǱӡëӵˡ
ſλӭӣЩ㵵ĿһȺ߽ȥѰ˼һȺ˽Ŀġ
ıԱҲǽűһȺˣһȺÿ˵϶˷ܣòٵİɣ
ֻǣôȺСҲٵϡ
鱦Ǿ͸Ӳˡ
ȺСӽԱҲһɻ
ӵ߽鱦꣬װ޵Ľ̻Ի͵ĵڣڷŸĿ鱦Լ̨ǰһƷĺƯӣЩɵۡ
Ӧô죿
Ҫȥ˭ʯӦôȫ֪
ֻǱܵΪ鱦Ӧþͻʯġ
磬ô죿һСʵ
ʵҲ֪ô죬һ硱ñȫ̹ͻȻһ֣ɵ˵ܼţҹȥһʡ
˵꣬Ӿֱһӣʵһ£ǾڲڣЩһ¡
ЩգŴ۾һʺųԺǴǾڣҿ԰ת
һϲ˵ɣɣлллл
΢΢ЦûϵǱԵһ¡
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磬ġһȺ˵޵
ӶپһƮƮȻ⵱ϴĸоǲ
֮󣬹ȻһӹӵȥӴң˵ǡ
ӵ˵˷֮ɫҲβסӵӴȥԺ˼ŴӦҪۡ

Ӵ¶߽10ˣ۾΢΢һ˵ӭλλ
ӵλ֮ʱҲû˵һлл
º󣬳¶΢΢Ц˵λҪҿʲô֪Ǻ⣿
˵Ŀȫӣһ˵ģмʯ֪鱦ղգ
ʯ¶΢΢һѰ˼ЩôܵʯˣЩʯȷңʯĺûԼֵжϱҪרҵʿУЩȻ˵õͼ򵽺öء
գ¶ͷ΢Ц鱦굱ȻҪա
ӵ˶һۣأ˷ܵĲС



İپʮ 
˷Ƭ֮뵽ڿ̸⣬ôֵܱ˷أ
ⲻǸ˳ûѹ۵Ļ
뵽ıӸϽһʾԼͬ飬װνһЩ
¶һĻЩЦҲӼᶨͼö뷨
ǵʯ㿴һۡ˵꣬һڴݸ¶
¶æһáֽӹڴҲһЩ
򿪿ڴʱһϲʯһƷʲĺɫʯ
Ǽæʯӿڴó׼ϸ
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ֻ״ι״ɫвŻƣۿȥЩʯˡ
¶ʯרң׼棬רżʯרҹġ
ڣȻǲҪˣͨʯͷʯֱܹġ
ѵȺСǹģһʯͷʯ۸ǲʶզģ¶뵽ɫõɨ˱ӵһۡ
ڴɫ֪ЩʯǼٵġ
ˣȺСΪʯɡ¶뵽
ϾԼһ۾Ϊʯġ˵Ϊڴ߰Եʣ۹ҲЩСܹȵġ
Ƭ֮󣬳¶ʵŶˣЩʯЩʯģ
ԥһ£˵һѸǵģôֵǮ
¶ЦЦ˵ǣЩʯֻһЩÿͨʯͷˡ
ʲô¶Ļñӵɫ䡣
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һһҹķΣǰˣ
ղүģ
ӻعĵ˵ôأҪϸ
¶ɫȷ˵ȷǹüٵʯƭҲûйȺСӣ˵ˣЩȷֻͨʯͷЩʯͷǱȽϺÿûȥڼﵱװΣǿԵġ
˵꣬¶ʯͷŻؿڴڴݻӡ
Ŷӽӹڴβסʧ
10ҲͬˣüǮûˣ

һȺ̩߳鱦һʱôֹ
ǱǿɶСӸƭˣƨʯ
ղݸӣôүڳվһϣһľħܣΪ˼ʯͷ
ߣȥСˣұȫҲһҪСҳüʯͷѴүƭת겻ˡ
ԣһҪСҳ֪ƭǵغ

һȺ֣ߣ޲̾ͰСҳ
һùˣһͻȻ˵ʯҪ۹ģһ⾭۹ⲻУʶأҪٶһ鱦ԣ
һ˵˾ƺҲôһ
ǺüǮأ˲ô׵ġ
ǣȥħ鱦꣬õĽһⶼǣЩֻͨʯͷ
ţҲԣͨʯͷҪÿЩһЩÿͨʯͷ
ˣһһҹķҲˣ˷Ŀͳ
һ˳ûзɣ160ǮĳѣһֱС
׼ȥ֮ȫ̺ʽǸƭǵСӡ

ڱӵħʯڼ䣬һƵԽԽ˵Ĺע
ƵʼǳһСµŮӵ΢ϣԽԽ˵ת˰ϴQDƵվϡ
ƵԽԽ࣬Ƶˣ޲ֽкãһ䡰Ǵġ
ƵһλүһСӵִʼִǰÿһƵˣܹڵһʱס
ΪۼƵ飬ֻǴ硢˽ƭ
ƭûʲôϵ٣ˣϵ
Ϊܶ˵ıԶӵģ˵ǮһӦǼ׷ǰǮˣǮԷ
ΪˣǵĺթǮƵˣ˸ӵʹ
ƵУǸôֶΣҪթĵĴү500ǮСӣȻܵÿһۿƵ˵ıӺ
ڱӺͬʱΪĵĴүеͬͲֵ
ƵϵĵĻﲻ
ƭ֣ҶġˣҾ˱ٻҪɶ񡣡
ǰλĵĴүϵˣҷֵˣǺĵĴүߴ衣
ղݣôΧۣȻûȥΪү˵һȺľĿ͡
ҲܹΧ۵ľ黹û˵ֻܹƭ̫ɶ񡣡
군ƭǿɶвүȥʶ
Ĵү500ǮǱթˡ
ҾþӦöϴһЩƵȫ񶼿ЩĺõĴүǿԺ󣬴֪ƭˣͲϵˡ




İپʮ ԴСƷ籾
ƵڼţĻҲڼ
ƵУһСӳˣĻƵҲԼӿ졣
ղݣˣλͬ
ɶС˫ɣүе
ǿ׳ˣȥƭһĴү500Ǯˣ
ҪֳӾˡ

ȻľͻתпƵ˼㵣ĻƬ̵ͣ͡
Ƭ̵ͣ͹ȻǸӷı
ۣ˴ˣҸֵСӵǸ̫˧ˣ
۹С̫ˣƭϵĴ㵣һˬ
鿴ǹ񫣬ΪǵӾأΪСӵޣ
ԸƭӾӦ˿üҶСһ
ˬˬ̫ˬˣоֱӰƭӱһ٣Ҫˬöࡣ

ƵڼתƵȫֻ죬ƵտʼʱķŭҲڲ֪ʧ
С˵öԣСѧѧĵ
ҿ쿴ƭϵı飬λԱܹģ³һı飬ǾӰۼġ
СӻǡȤĬƭˣת̫ˣƭӾӦõõ³
ƵԴھҪǻЩСƷÿöడ
һСƷôСӡƭӡүΧ۵ȺڣԶӰۼʵԱ


ʡǣ鳪Ƭ
ӨЩĵķһ־ûʲô仯
ӨһĵӣԼոϿһƵ˼һ˵ӨӨ㣬Ҹոտһ˼ƵҪҪ
Ө۾û뿪־˵һЩĵƵʲôÿġ
βһԲĵƵֻŸ㿴
˵ֻ꣬ϴƵֻݵӨŵ־ϡ
ӨΣֻֻϿȥ
Ƭ̣һ˵ƭȫضУЩƭҲᡣ
һЦ˵ӨӨ㣬ʵں档
˵꣬һֱӨҪӨ᲻Ц
ȻŮϲˣϲӨЦ
ΪӨЦȡŮûһЩ
ܿ죬ͿӨУͻȻһĨϲɫʣԭЩĿαϵ壬ҲֱһЩַסֻ
һĨЦ۾Ҳ˸˵ĸо֮ǰȣ˺ܴĲͬ
ЦݣûӨϿʱЩˡ

ɽѧУ
ûпΣЩбڴϣ޳˫ȣģɫգ롣
ŵֻϣڲһƵ
һ鲥ˣһߵﶼܸء
ȴȫЦ⣬۾Цˡ
ЦԻκһ˳ŮˣҲͬ
˸˸ԵҲԵˡ
漴ֻֽѾƵ²š
ңѽ˵ڶСӸոճʱλá

ǣںļλˡ
һλǾţͬΪһλͬںѣȫСƷԱ֡
ںѵڿɳƷ裬˵˵԰æ׼СƷ𣿽ôпܵﴮˡ
֣48꣬СƷԱĳͣѾϴˣֽӵ˴롣
һڲ裬̾һ˵Ϊ˽СƷİ֮ǰΪ׼ļ籾⼸ԽԽ⡣ⲻ׼С
Цԣ籾⣿Щ籾ô
ҡҡͷ˵Щ籾ҲƽʱȻ´࣬ҪڴϣܸоЦҲ̫ˡÿ궼ҪΪⴺľ籾ͷ
ںΪȻĵͷÿһ̨
ȻӵֻΪĽĿĲѡ
ϴСƷԱ˵ΪĿͷһҲš
ΪϴǾͱǵƷܹǵϲԽϲǵƷǵƷԽڴ
ǶƷֵԽߣܵѹҲԽ
ҪȫĹǣڽĴΪڴĽĿʲô
ɾͻֵСƷ
ԣںˣȫִܹʱĽ顣
ֻǣ⣬ȴһæҲϣǵӾı磬СƷ籾ʵǲôС
԰봺3ҵʱ䣬Ҳ̫żܻҵеġں˵
ҡͷ̾3µʱ̫ˣȥ괺СƷҿ׼˰꣬ȴֻʣ3µʱˣ
ںһۣҲͬʱ̾һ֪һСƷ籾ЩʱһĵӾ籾Դ
ʺϴСƷ籾Ȼ͸Դˡ



 Ƶе
һֵֻͻȻյһϢùֻһԼַģ˵һܻȤƵֿһܹһЩС
ڷģ˵Ҳһ˿ȤЦָոϢ˵һܻȤƵһȥ
ܻȤƵں۾ͬʱһ¶Ȥɫ
ʵϣǾȥһЩȤƵ
ΪЩƵһЩ벻С
ںͷǾȥҵ鷿ɣеԡ
漴߽鷿׾ҵƵ
֮˵üͷ΢壬ƭƭƵ˵ǻ⣬ΪʲôҪΪȤ
ӦΪƭӵΪеŭΪĵĴүеͬ
üͷ
ͻȻںͬʱ㵵Ĵ󺰵ϵܣ
һʵʶ
ں˶һۣƺЩϵˣΪʲôƵΪȤˣ
СӳûĵطʹŻ˸еϲֻǲ˼鷢
Цԣȿ˵ȷʲôȤ鷢
ֺɵĿ˶һۣĿصĻϡ
ȻƵݣ˻ֹ֮̾Ц
ãðϵܣɵʵ̫ƯˣںԵ޵
ҲСӳʱҾ֪򵥲ˣˣϵܻһĸ˴ϲ
Ц֮࣬ȴͻȻһԺƵݣһ˼
ں˼ͻȻһ˼ģЩ֣ȴǲûдš
˺һ֮ͻȻһЦЦ֮ǰĴЦЩͬƺļĳͻȻĳͷźĿɡ
ںˣȻЦ̺ζںЦԣҵˣ
ȴûлػʵڡʶƵкֵǸˣ
ں˶һۣЦԣҲʶȷе˵Ҳ֪֣
һѵǸ
ںͬʱЦŵͷ
ֹһЦ˵ãðȻʢ֮ʿڣ˵СƷľ籾᲻Ȥ
СƷ籾ںһ㶣Ǵû⣬ԣĪϵܰ㴴СƷ籾
ֵͷոƵѾһЩУоǲȻʶҺβΪҴһСƷ籾أģ۸û⣬ǲ֪ûȤ
ͷһ˵ΪƾСѾչʾĶ෽ŻСƷ籾治ڻ£ȤĻԣҴ绰һʡ
Ц٣͵仰ء

ƵԽԽߣҲԽԽʶˣƵ
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ƽһϼǸɽóʫ֮󣬱뿪ˡ
һʫѡݷǰɽЬʱЬõģݷ˹
ݷµġʫѡ֮Ҳ֪˸ոλоȻǵơ
һʱ֮ˮġʫѡ֮ϣʫѡҳʪ֮󣬾ȻֳһЩ֮ǰûе֡
ֳֵġʫѡɽ縸ӿ󣬾Ȼϲ
ԭⱾʫѡȻɽԴƽݳѰʮġǽס
Ȿʫѡֻ˵ǡǽסȻݳϣֻݷõɽȥˡ
ɽϲģҵⱾʫѡΪݷеľٶƽⱾʫѡܡ



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֮ǰɽİ취Ȿʫѡõ̫һҳҳȥգ뷢ôв㣻Ҳ⼸ʮʫ˳бһֶֶȵȡ
ȴʼûܲ͸еܣȴݷƽ⣬ԭҪˮʪҳ档
ⱾʫѡصܣҲʲôһʴ󱦲صλá
ɽϲȴ룬ⱾʫѡݷʹƵȥݷϣⱾǵС
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ݷصġʫѡҵˣɽΪԭݷģ׼üƽɱ
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ںɽü׼ɱݷʱݷûϵ֪֮ǰ֪ܡ
ԭʼݳݷƶ򸮣ɽݳ˵̸ݳýͱɽܣɽɱݳ֮󣬹ݳ˺ߵļ
ɽɱݳ֮󣬾ȻֱӾͰݳʬ壬ļǽ֮ڡ
Կ޲еһëȻ׷²ۣӹ˵ĿζĲһء
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ԭΪɽݳ˼ǽ֮ںвÿҪһǽ
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ԭ⼸һֱ򸮸ڣݷ֪飬ȻҲ֪ˡ
ؼʱ̸ݷڵ书ѾԶɽˣ׵ľƷ˶ˡ
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Կ룬ݷĿˣҪƾԲ
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ֻǿϧƷ죬Ѱݷʱ򣬿ݷѾӼǽھȳɽ縸ӴˣһϢ
ڵƵĻݷɢң죬صɽֻ˽ȥɽףӢ̨ʦ磬ƣƣһֻ㣬һֻҡȥԶҲ룬˵òãͣ΢ȥ
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һʵݷʼΪƭ޸һ𣬾Ѿע
ݷһǱģȻȴԶԶֹݷһǾˣǱģǵơ



 
̣ип˺һ֮󣬲żһ¡
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ҲǡǾһ£ʱԵìָܶӵġ
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ҵ˪ķĹ֮󣬷ַĹǳªңڵƽ׸Ǵ֮󣬷˪˫־ȻϾŵġ
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ԿҲɻ󣬲׹ӹдϸڣʲô⣿
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аԴƽԼһֱʧٵĵƵʦݳ
زڽǳϣһһ޴Ľ֮ڡ
𱦲ǰѶԴƽݳɱݳֱɽסҪҪɱ
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ֻǣݳȻƣҪɱƣڵƵ书ѾԶݳİûгɹ
ԼʦʦȴɱԼƱʹ֣ʮֵĲ⣬ݳΪʲôҪ
ݳΪıءңݳΪƿ϶ҲΪЩضɱΪǿ
Ϊ˱أ̾ϢĲףһʲô˶ҪҪʦʦֵܡͽܡŮҲˣ˼ֵǵĴ󱦲أʲô
ʱͻȻϰ˵Ľʿ
ԭЩʿͬõϢ˹
ܿ죬𱻴򿪣ָĿ鱦ڽʿǰ
˲䣬еĽʿȫ˷Ƶ鱦
ѪˣۿһС
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ݳѾˡ
е˶ˣЩǲһȥ鱦ϡ
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Ϊִ̫٣ˮЦıƣʹȻֹԶ
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ңƵڶ֪书Ѿµһôܾأ
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д绰ԣһȫѯʡǾֵġ
ԵõĴȴǣЦ־ǳ϶ĸߴңǹӹǾĴ֣ģǼٵġ
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еԣԸááȥݽ֣ܣĹꡣ

ԶԡǾᣬеźʱѾصɽ缯С
ȻѾɽ缯УȻҪȥģ10ʱ䣬Ȼÿ춼иϵȴȻأĽ
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СѾͷɰСѾͷȴһѽƿ죬Ĺĵ˵磬ѧУҵͬѧǶڣ㲻׼ҡ
һЦСѾͷķԣһѾͷǸԵӣԺ󳤴ˣȲ飬ҲԻһһһĴŮ
СѾͷƬ֮˵ˣѾͷͬѧȥɣˡ
СѾͷƲƲ죬ֹȥʦ
һ˵СӶʲôͬѧһȥ
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СѾͷһתܿˡ



 
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չһȣȵӰٴγǰʱĲѾΪ
׷ǰȥٺЦŮղɶأ
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ѧУȻǲȥģٺһЦ˵ģѧУ䣬Ҳ᲻ܶǡҪҲȥһڿΣ
УҲδ룬ֱӾ͸ܾˣȥϿΣжΪ飿Ͽεʱ򣬿϶ǷŲġ
ȥѧУƺҲȷЩף˼Ӧô죿
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˵꣬վߣסĸ첲ǵߡ
ﲢûѧ·Ȼɫǵٴα졣
ѣڻƻĶȴͬһ㣬Դ˵һ¾ըˡ
Ժֻһͷ龹Ȼˣɰ˶ôأҪУҲƻ磬ƻһ飿
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֮һо˳ˣƻΪɽѧһʦչ˶׷
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ûƻйֲֵ֮ջҪѧУйݲ򵥵Ĵԣûƻ˼ֱǿˣȰ췹ӦӦ

죬ƻͬһ¿ΡϿʱ䣬˽ĿνǷǳֻҪһ¿Σƻض׼ʱ֡
ֻǽ죬ƻȴһİ˵ϾȻһ˿֮ɫ
һ˿߳ϣԵˡʱ飬Իκһ˳
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鱻§סһߺ죬΢һ£ﲢûѧҲͲ§š



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˰ңټϵɬģɰѶĻƻһ졣
ݺݵĵΪҪʱȴƻϵһ䣬崺Ķţ֣Цҽлƻ֪λôƺ
ϵı仯ٶ֮죬Ӱۼġ
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ȴǺǺһЦƻһͬЦʦˣ
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ԭŽΪɣʹȸһףȴܹá
ƻԼ־ǳţÿ춼ֶ־ȷԶǳ˿ɱȡ
ֻǣһѡ˶
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鿴˷ܵĻƻֿΪѵЦѽһڿǻΣҺڴŶ



һʮһ èΪʲôҪ
ƻĸߣһܸȤģдϲѡıԻѡˡ
ʱϿˡ
ƻæ˵ʦȥҰɡ
ŤͷЦЦ΢΢ͷعͷԻƻ˵߰ɣȥѧ˵һ£ڽȵһ£ҽǵʱٽ
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ǰʦΪʲôŵһҰְҲ˵ŵһΪʲôȴ˵ְֺ֪ñ

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ϣѧǹʮФܶ࣬ˡΪʲôŵһ֮⣬СΪʲôûèΪʲôֻŵ塱ȵȡ
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Ƭ̵İ֮ѧڷӦʦء
Ĵ𰸣ʦոĹµУһʱ䣬ѧȿֺĻشպò֡
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ӡӵ߽ϸЩҰǱһлһͷ500Ұ
ҰϻˣҲùԹԵƵߣƻ͹Ǽֲġ
ȻһֻҰҲͬһ˿ڣӦ׷Ƹɵġ
⣬Щ˿ѪҺжϣЩҰӦҹͼϮũׯ߲˵ʱ򣬱Х졢ͷ׷Ƹɵġ
ϣХ첻Х֪ͨӵˣʰЩҰˡ
ӡӵ׹֮󲻽ϲ߲˲ƽ׵ʮͷҰǺö
ʮԱ˼νʮͷҰ̧ũׯԭǴôǰЩҰˣȻοͿЩҰͱʾҪЩҰ⡣
Ϣ֮ǰҰοԽԽ࣬ʮͷҰܿͱοһա
ͷ500ҰһҾƵԸ߼ֱͷˡ
ҾƵҪҰģοǲԸ⣬ֻúźֻͷҰ
ȵеҰ֮󣬷ӰҰõǮȫһһȫһ
ЩҰȻ˽20Ǯ
20򰡣ʲôʱǮôˣ
ȻҲף20֮ôɣȫХ졢ͷ׷Ƶĳǡ
⼸ʮˣܹɹЩҰܾ㲻ˣҪЩҰǮ붼ġ
ԣǮҲֻ

ٱ绹һΣмˣۺũׯЩ߲ˣܹ˸߼ַۣũׯܵΧǽͬ裬һ󵨵뷨ҹ͵Ǳũׯ͵һ߲ߡ
ҹһ߸ҹɫڻ֮£͵͵Ŀũׯ
ȻЩ׵ķũׯΧǽ֮ȴͻȻ֣һСɽǰ
ԭ⣬׼ƹСɽǰȻȴ֣ǰСɽȻƶһתֶ˼ǰ
˾òˣ̧ͷϿȥһʱŵûɢֻһ˶ͷ­ӸµĿǣž޴ͫҹɫɢĹ⡣
ŵڵȫɪɪ
ֱڶϣһХӡӵ˻ʱ򣬼˻أ̱ڵϣɵȴѾ뿪ˡ

ڣһХִڰ칫¥˵Ķ֮Уɫһϲ˵ǷӻˣСӳȥôãǻˡ
Хƶ뿪֮󣬻ͷֻĴӴ˳һ͵ûʲôԵı仯
ȻҪΪͷѾ㹻ˣѾϻ£ȷʵǲҪټˡ
Ĺ۲СжϣһȻڳɳ֮Уֻɳٶû֮ǰ԰ˡ
治֪һܹʲô̶ȡ
ͷΧڶȥ˴ڴӡӵҲӭ˳
ЩĻӻ֣ǸøȥԼȥʮѣúȥʮƵġ
⣬ϲҲϰôǰӭ
Ҳ˽к֮󣬱׷ɢøȥˡ
ΨзЩ˷ܵİʱ䣬ũׯ﷢һЩ˵
ػɫҰ¼ǿ20򰡡
ӵ֮УӵĳЩĽʣûкޡ
20ǮʲôοǶҰжӣ˼Щ硣
ȻˣﲻڰɽȦһרֳҰζأ



һʮ ش֮
ֳҰζԽԽǾУҰ֮⣬ҰáҰҰѼȵȡ
ڰɽȦһֳЩóֻҪ¾С
£ȻУҪԱ˵ǧѣ˵Сһ׮
⣬ֳҰζ˹ũׯ걾ʹãԼο֮⣬ΪũׯṩһɫĿԣ
ԣ˶ǳӰһĿЩʵСǡ
ֻǣṩԵĵط٣ңṩḻĵطҲζΣգЩȫĵطһֻСҰþ㲻ˡ
ңҼǴ򲻵õġ
ôһԻأṩḻܹ֤ߵľ԰ȫҴԳԭ̬ɽ֣Ա֤ԵȤ
ôĴԻһЩ԰֮͡
ţĿУʵʩ
λ׼ũׯҵҲһôʹҰζֳʼɡ

ӻɫİũׯĴ˵һ֮Ҳ뿪ˡ
뿪֮󣬹̲ǫ˹ǹũׯƵꡰԵ¥顣
ڣԵ¥ĽѾβ׶Σü֮󣬾ͿͶʹˡ
Ե¥ʮ㣬һۺԵĴ¥
ʳ֮⣬ṩKTV̨ҵʩסοãһӰԺֻʱ׼š
ǫˣũׯһĿ迪ʼԵ¥мµʱ䡣
󷽲СڣûжҵļӣǫԹҪ󼫸ߣӲԴγãǳģ˵ĺǳ죬ңԺӦûٴκ
ԣڴڸ̸20Ӳ໥Ƕȥ
ǫȥһ·ϣϤοϳȫǷǳϲк
ԵũׯׯǸоģȻҲһһЦŻӦ
صϰֲڣԺǰĵժˡ
裬һˡ
ԷûУ
򵥶ܰĶԻȴܹоŨŨĹ֮⡣
򵥵֮ԺǰĲ˵һժˡ
ڼһ֮кŶȥ׼ȥ̽һ֣򸾡
ϴ֣˵Ҫסһʱ䣬Ҳ֪ûС

Եǰ
֣ࡢϼͬһϸĵĴԺǰС԰߲ˡ
ֻС԰һλˣ˵֣࣬壬С˵ߣ
ѾмʱˣסԱߵһСԺ
߽ӵһͳ׵ϲطҲ֣ΪҪסڴˣط֣˵ĻҪá
ǳԹ֣԰߲֮󣬸ǰطΪ˼ãţҪʮꡣ
ʵϣ˼죬ѾоԼƺҪ֮ǰһЩ
ȻԣӦʵ
ȻҲп̫ãɵһִ
ĸоһЩ屾ҲӲʣȴûиоԼ
԰ʵ֣Щ߲˳˺ÿζֻӦСԭȫΪӹṩĲ⣿
֣Цȷ԰Ĳˣũׯ߲˵Ĳ磬ԼṩģҲ֪ģС˳Ծĵط̫ˡ
п׿ڳʵϣȻζ߲ˡˣ˵ȥˡԽŮľ飬ѵӾ㣿
֣ӦðɣС˵ҪѡԽŮĳɵһϵ磬ǰʱ䲻кܶرǰרڴˣСӲʧġΪûʧ
һϵ𣿡ЦЦ˵ûҵȷǷǳڴ˼ʮˣĺڴеϵ磬ʲôӣ
֣ͷȷǣСӦþҪˣʱǿԺúõĽһ
ЦȻҪĿġȻ֮ҷ֣ûйӹһʱ䣬Ҳһǳѡ񡣡
֣ӿڵûдûСӣǾҪȤöˡ˵ļҲʥ˵Եũׯܹ֮ˣǿȫΪǸСء
ûСӣԵũׯ֣ʥҲֻһɫĴӣҲеŪֲˣˡ
һЦ˵ۺܸ߰ƺȷǶԽԽˡ
֣ЦЦ˵ʵҲһ


һʮ Իؼƻ
ԵӸԶԶľͿ֣򸾣ȻڴС԰
⣬԰ﻹһλ֣µˣϸ˿Ӧþˡ
߽԰Цϣӭӭ
ܹϳȻҲϳҲͬЦӹĳǰˡ
ֵ˵ﻰһʥӦԲǡУϰȥģҺܲϰ߰㻹ǽҷӰɡ
һЦ˵ǳɣҾͳƺΪˣ֪һƷüĿˣĵȻһƷڴֵǱЩͨǸߡ
ĵһȻ֪һȲġ
һԵ֣ˣҲЩεҡҡͷ
׼ԴһѾ׼ˣò˶þͻƳģԺƷ㿴񫣬˵㿴ҵ֮󣬻ʣٴδһĳ嶯ء
Ŷ𣿡ЦڴһЩ
ٺһЦ˵ģò˶õġ
֣һ죬ûʲô飬ֻǵĹһѡ
һ֮ŸԺǰָʻСԺʵֲڣǶһӵͿ֣㣬ڶܣ˵֣ϰ㻹ӦöȰһȰǣҪǡ
֣һ˵ɫȻЩŹ֣ƣһڱ
ҿ֣ҲûСӶԱˣŹ䡣
ȻҲóŹ
ԭǶڰ
ȴ˿û֮⣬תЦ٣㻹˵ˣ磬ǾΪġ
Ź䡢Ķ˼һȻģЩεҡҡͷ
ʵǶЩĽģֻǶڶֲоĳԣעһӣ޷úõˡ
Ļ˵ǾһӵͿ
Ź䡢ĶˣȻ뵽ԼĴԻؼƻòӰ쵽˶԰ɽ̽ɣ
ǱԼĴԻؼƻ˵һ£ʵϡϣԻؿɷӰ쵽ǣ
ԻأŹ䡢Ķȴûشʮ־Ŀ˵ɽôౣϧбΣСӸһԻأò׼Щɣ
󣬶ʱԴߣۿطĺùôΥأ
ڰ֣˵˲ǣҲһЩͨҰáҰҰѼȣбµĻҰҲԣЩԳûеġ
ҰǰҲǱȴǣֻҪб£ȥ
Ź䡢Ķ˵ǵͷȻǷǳġ
ŹԳӦþڴӶڴһɣǶǵĹûӰˡ
ͷһԤ1000ĶҰɣҪʵؿ֮ȷ
ġŹͬʱͷֻҪԳЩ֣ǾɵСȥںˡ
һԵʱͻȻʵӣԳ׼ʲôʱʼӪҵ
ŶЦôȤ
һЦ˵Ȼ൱ʱǿùɱҰģֻѾкܳʱ䶼ûȥˣҲˣҲ֪ܲÿ
˵꣬ЩлҡҡͷʱŰ
״Цҿ廹ǳӲʣӦûûģҰǿ϶û취ˡ
ЦСӣʹˣδؾͻСӡ
ǺٺһЦ˵Ժȱȣ
һۣ˵ȾͱȣСӲɡ
һЦ֮뼸λһ֮󣬱뿪ˡ

Եӳȥһ˴峤Իؼƻ峤˵һ¡
峤۾һļƻͬʾԳ֮Խɽԣչʾһ߳ĴԼ
峤ӵи߳ĴԼǲɣΪ峤ʱǿ϶ɽԣ߳֡
ɵǣô겻ԣ峤߳ļʣ¼ɣ
Ӵ峤ȥũׯ칫¥ѴԻؼƻũׯԱһ˵еԱһ󻶺
ӡӵǼ޲Ϲɽȥһ˵
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ȻӡӵûκδԾġ
ΪǻɽˣӡӵȻҲûдԡ
ֻСʱ򣬸ŴĴǽɽǴԡ
ڴԵĺ飬ȴһֱļġ
ȻҲǡ



һʮ װƵķ
Ӱ칫¥㾶ֱ˼ңϰʱҲˡ
ϰ˵˼仰׼Լķ䣬ȴСѾͷԺ洫˽
磬磬ڲڣ
أѾͷѧˣ
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˳ֵСѾͷɰ˵˵֮ǲ׼õȥ԰ڣ
СѾͷԴϣ˵~㲻˵
СѾͷһ֮ڻָСѾͷ˵һʮФ¡
˵֮СѾͷŻϲصܿ

صԼķ䣬򿪵ԣһʮФĹ£ȫ˵ĵϡ
ǰȨ绰ǲǿƳһЩµͯˣ
⣬ڡȤζͯصè롶ʽܡҲѾӽβҪҪ׼һƷ
ȻҪ׼ģǰͯкܶࡢܶ࣬ҪƳ
⣬Ȥζͯ־ɻ20%ĹɷأȤζͯĵڶɶԣȤζͯȻҪ˵ġ
ҪǣȨ˵Ѿڹ˲ٵңѾƷǲҹˡ
ЩѾʼͣҪڵ󣬻ҪʼƷ
ȻЩԻֻԣûеҹƵۣν޷粻ˣţӦõȷǴڣ뷨ĵҡ
ңӦûֹһˣֻǵڻȵ㹻ǶȻṫƵۡ
ԣƷȻҪƳƳһҲѾˣȵè롶ʽܡ֮̾ƳµƷ
ȻⲢ˵ĵǣõƷ
ʵϣͲҪΪµģΪǰľʵ̫ˡ
ͯ棬ڡ˺ͱռǡػмʮڲŽԣڻҪƪֻͯҪһЩƪɡ
ƳʮФϵУͨʮФϵУ񻰴˵ϵУ˻ὫһЩûУ߲ȫ񻰴˵ȫ
Ѿƻ˵ġ
ĿϣƻԵ飬Ǵһ⡣
ûǸ⣬Ҳ׼ƳʮФϵˡ
121ţ125žһڡȤζͯеʱ䣬ѾõʮФϵйµĵĵȨĵ䡣
ڣȤζͯѮһֻ3ڡ
ĥǲǽȤζͯΪڿƾڡȤζͯÿڵΪڿȫûġ
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Ҫ̽ҲѾˣڿй۲ȻپһЩضνʵؿ죬ǣȦԳ
ȻҲԽСǾ͸ӿݷ㡣
ֻһξ̽Ȥöࡣ
Ҫûֱɻܹڿнй۲죿
ٺ٣ȷûֱɻбֱɻ磬˧ķ
ǾǺХ죡
Хٴα֮ͻȻ뵽ġ
ڣХչ5ףӽ1ףѾȻ˵һˣҲͬ⡣
ں౳ϰβ񷣬Աɻ˧ҲԿϵκһĽʡ
ȥã˲ɱЩܳĸǡ
ֱװưõ
뵽ҲʮּæԺͨӦ֪ͨХ
һĵХڸ߿д̧ͷһ޴İɫӰԼٶȸ£һת۱ߡ
Хһ֮ŷ֣һվĸ߶ȣȻѾ2ףվڵϣҲһȻ
Хȫëѩףһ˿ɫҲûУԽԽϲʵһＸǰȫڲһϢģ
Х죬ıϣǷӰķУʵҪȸХȷһ¡
ХͨѾ֪˵뷨һͨ˽
ʱХЩ˷ܸ˴Ϣˣģһ㶼Ӱ쵽ңˣҲͬ˿Ӱ졣
Хȷ˷ܣ˷ҲֻХܹ쵽ɵ뻢ͷ뾡취ֺˣҲܴ˷вǡ
Ժ󰡣Ҳңǰȸ˵̬Ծӣ
ХǸ߰ĺ࣬ÿɵͻͷǰʱ򣬶ȥѵһ
Σս࣬˭Ҳκβ˭ХЩƣȸ˼ʲô
ںˣХüĻڵˡ
ȻХǸ߰ģֻԽˣ뿿



ٶʮ 
ʥ嶫棬ɽڴ
Х콻һХǰ㣬ɵХıϣëǳʮվɡԣǳ⡣
˸ƺ󣬾վХıϣΪ˧
Х죬緢غ
һХҲХ˫ζ͸оԼٶƽȵգԽԽߡ
ȷɻյʱ򣬸оҪȵö࣬һ֮жûС
ںѧХһХһǰϵһַʽɵˡ
һ߶֮Х㲻ڼߣǰķԸƽȵķС
վХıϣ˺ķ֮⣬оǳƽȣ߶Ҳͬƽ߶һ㡣
ȻΪХ֪ڱϣɵôƽȣֻԼȻͲַɷˡ
ХڰɽڴһϿշУϲĿŵϵһУʱĻʲô˼ȥ۲ʲôԳ׼Ⱥúõһ·ĸо˵
ʱĸоͬԼڷһ㣬ָоͲɻܹᲢ۵ġ
ʱ˿̣ԺﲻֳǰС˵ЩеߵӰҲΨЩߣʱ˿̵ȡ
뵽жپɣһ־µƺ͸о
һ´ʱХٶȣÿСʱ80ңٶ԰ȵվХıϡ
ٶٿһЩͱڻſХıˣҪٿһЩͱýˡ
ţ´һ׼ХԼٶȷУúõһٶ뼤ĸоϲ̵š

Х˺һ֮Գ飬Х콵һЩи߶ȣȰɽϵ΢һЩͿˡ
ХԼĸ߶ȣٶҲһ½ڱ΢һЩĿУС
վХıϣϸĹ۲·ĵһָХе·һ㡣
ԾӶɽڴԶһطΪ㣬ȦһΪ1000Ķ
ƬڣԽΪƽ̹ߵĵطҲ100ףû¸ڣҲûأΪԳǷǳʵġ
Եط˼飬˾ˡ
ԳֽΪֳȻǹ˴ԵĵطֳֳҰζ
ȻֳֳҰζɲΪġ
ֳֳҰζֻũׯԼʹãԼ۸˿͡
ֻǰɽĶɲ׼Գṩ
ṩˣǷôԵȤζԽͲǡ
ѡ֮־УһЩڿвù۲ĵط䵽Ͻ̽
ֱӽʱ֣Ž̽꣬ȷȫΪԳ
ʣµľͨһֶΣ
ǳ鷳˵ȴ㲻ʲô
ΪӵԵռ䡣
̳ϵͳһֽܸĶָΪ͸״֮⣬ûеڶָܹ
ָΪĵطǣִܹܵĶࡣ
ЩΣն߱ҪͽԶֹ⡣
Щͨɴκεĸо
ȻҲǿԴġ
ҪľǣХ졢ɵ׷ƣԼС׷ƣԳеΣնȫϳȥ
ܸ֮ԳԺֻЩͨԽԳˡ
ȻֻõһּЧֶΣơ
ĻŴԳܣԵһЩԳ־Աܹ׼ȷжϳԳ
ڰȫԷ棬ͶƣԳɴ׷ػЩΣն̤Գһ
ڣԵũׯġ롰׻൱ߵģػοǻԵķġ

Х졢ɵ׷ơС׷ȫټ´
һʱ䣬ԳڼɹָĶȿֺĳŴԳȥ
û취ĸһֲ̫ˡ
Σն뱣֮⣬ͨҲܵ˳ȥ
ûйϵȴɵ뿪֮ǻġ

Сʱ֮Х졢ɵ׷ơС׷˳չ
ٴХıϣŴԳһȦܸúá
ʣµľһЩ˿ı湤ˣżҲûйϵڴԳҲҪһʱָ
ôٴһ°յȤɡ
һӣХХȥ



ٶʮһ ڶй
Хıϣɽȥ¸ڣأֱӺХ˵Ĺ񫡣
ֲ˶룬ܹڵķ裬ָо޷
ӿиɽҲֳܹɽ
ǰ޷ĵطȴǿɵĵܹĸ
ڰɽ˺һʱ֮Щ뿪
ʱޣҲҪ춨Ȼٴɽ֮ǰ޷һЩطúõתһת
Ӷİɽڴ˼ţǲǾվХıϷɻشӣ
ǲ̫˧̫ߵˣԼһ͵
˼Ƭ̣Ǿ߻شӣһ͵ˣô˵ǰװأ
ðɣʵǾֱӷɻȥıƸ񲻹ߣҪҵһ߱ƸʱȻٳХıǳ
һγХ챳ϳװƻᣬɲܰװ˷ˡ
֮Х뿪һХХʧƺ֮ۡ
̧ͷХʧĥţԼǲҲȥƺۣ֮һ¸ĸо
ţǳԡ
һ֮󣬲Ŵȥ

2ص˷ڳĹš
򵥵ĳԹ칫¥һũׯԱǰȥ
֮ǰũׯﹲԱ80Ե¥ĽɣԼֳҵĿչ80ԱȻԶԶˡ
һԱ100ˣǸӵĴίд峤æѡġ
ڣԵũׯԱʹøüӵĴ񣬶뵽Եũׯ򹤡
ش򹤵ĴҲ׷׷ظԵĴӣֻΪȻԵũׯ
֪һֵģңʱ䲻̫á
ΪԵũׯڵķչٶȣеԱǿ϶ԶԶģض᲻ϵµԱ
ׯ׿ڳŵʥĴˣôͻڸڼˡ
ڼӵĴ峤Ϊ£ûʥ峤ܣʲôʱ򣬲ŻһԱ
û취ۿʥһһչԽԽãĽż
ǵĴиͶԽ뵽Եũׯ򹤣ǴҲܶһǡ
ӵĴ峤ĽżȴһҲżһ峤ʱﲢεĽۺ졣
ָоĺܺã
Ѿ֪пٴˣʥȫǣװһʲô
ʹôôһˣı
ʵϣֻǸڼӣøԶһЩĴӣЩس﹤ˣԵũׯĹĽ
Ҳũׯũׯ˼ƻõĴȴǣũׯʱֻʥ帽ļˣǺһʧź
ڣڸӺܶ˵£Եũׯһ˵Ĺڿʼ
峤ΪԼĴܶмҲʹ˻
ЩԵũׯĴ񣬸Դꡣ
ȻԵũׯҲԴܽģ峤Ƹѡŷǳϸİѹء
ǰй͵ȲΪֻʱйˣһŲҪ
ٽӣЩʲôȺãе˶֪ģҪɻأǲܵġ
ȻһѡԱҲͬϴһͥȿǡ
ϸѡһԱһȫȷ
ѡеȻϲûѡеЩɥ
ҲʧΪũׯ˶ãȻˣʱͻȿˡ

ũׯ칫¥100Ա΢Щ
Ҷף໥ҲǳϤ˵ǲþġ
֪ΪΣڻҵˣܸоһЩڡ
ʱ򣬷ڸ˿ᣬũׯĹƶȣԼŹȡ
μλ飬ֻǹѣ̶ֳȵĻ飬зӾ㹻ˡ
ڴ峤ѡˣҲ㹻ΣҪ԰ѹء
ȻҲԱ׼԰ѹأ컹һЩԱԱ׼԰ѹˡ
Ϊ100Աʮ꣬ʮҪͶĹĻ
ҪԱȫǶʮңʮӣҪӴȹ
ЩҪֱӸͻӴģԵũׯչʾ
ԣ׼԰ѹء
ţðɣ֮׼԰ѹأΪԷȫЩഺӡ
ֺ飬ȻǲܽСӵġ



ٶʮ ĳ嶯
100ԱոշĹϲ˷֮ɫ
εĽЩһũׯԱ
ڣҲһҲܱ˿ʱĽˡ
ڸոշ˵ģǵĹȽֱ࣬ӱǺˣ㲻ʲô
ˣĸλ塢ǣǽĻ͵ԺĹҪֳԵ¥Ľᰲţ󣬻˵һٷĻӭԵũׯллң˵
ԽԽģ۵

֮ӡӣԼ롢Ƽ뿪칫¥ǰϪˮһ
ǰᵽʥʵΪϴ´壬Ϫˮ´ķָߡ
Եũׯȫϴ壬ϴũׯ裬ҲѾƣҪũׯǾֻ´巢չˡ
ũׯֳ׼´塣
´Сϴ࣬ס˿Ҳϴࡣ
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ֳʵʱò˶أ߲ĹģȻӦʱˡ
ũׯʮ߲ѾԶԶ˿ǵˡ
ÿ޹Ѿԭ20Ϊڵ10ȴȻοͿֶ顣
ٽ޹ȻͲˡ
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ǴײˡСײ˵ȣ÷ǳ󣬶ء
һһһܲ˼ҴԶ򼸸ȥɡ
ȻײˣֻһŴײ˻ȥ
ΪһŴײ˵ٶҪ10ϡ
ԣҪΨһİ취ֻ߲Ĺģˡ
δż˿Ϫˮ´壬Ҫйֳ߲չĹ滮˵һ˵
˵ֳ߲֮չҪܹĵĿˡ
⵹ǲҪǫĹ̶ӣũׯԱֱӾͿԸ㶨

һ߸˿ԼŵĹ滮ͼֽһߴżʵز鿴
Ĺ滮ֳռ40Ķλ´嶫濿ɽĵط
⻹ʣ100ĶأȫĽ߲Ϊ20ϴ߲
Ϊ߲˵ʮһһֱ߲˵ʮ
ֳҲͬΪ򣬱ţѼȵȡ
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ȻСĻֽʱɸݾʱġ
ӡӡ롢ϲ˵Ÿֹ滮۾Ҳ쳣˷֮ɫԵũׯչԽȻԽ˷ܡ

˾´߱˵ֱɫŰֳ߲չϸ滮ӵ˵
죬ȽֳĽ裬ȫũׯɳ뽨ﵽ150ˣѾˣֳƻһʱ佨ɡ

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ôʱֻʣ½ˡ
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յԵӣ͵ʱչ̽֡
һֱ̽Щֱ֣ͣγԷҲȳԷ£Щǰ
ƽʱоֻӦϲе߲ζƺҲһЩֻЩѷ꣬ü̸
ո˽ֻǳ̸һСѾоԼǳˡ
Ҳ𾪣ССͣΪλô͸ô
һ仰ͬඥһ㣬֮ǰôҲ벻͸⣬ʹ˻Ȼʡ
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ָоƺѾʮֵİ
û뵽ڵȻٴθܵ˴ĳ嶯
ٴθܵˣѾʮİȴƺǳϤĸо



ٶʮ Σ
ں˷ܣȻĳ嶯ڣڻܹٴδһƷȴܹܵǳϤĴ黳
⣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
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֣࿴⸱ģЩεҡҡͷ
ţĻ˼ԷֻͬҴҵĳԹٴδϥ̸
ֱ9ŵԸǻؼҡ
ʱȴȻһδӡ
֣Է

һҹ޻ڶϣ𴲡
죬ֳĽ轫ʽơڣҪڳ
ǫĹ̶ӣҹǰæ޽ԵԳڱʶԼһЩԳΧʶ
ڣ̶ӻѾҪ󣬶˵ȻСһ
㰴Ҫ󿪹ֻҪһʱͿɡ
ǫ˵ԳƻҲֳŨȤʾԳͶʹ֮һᾭǰ
㶨˴Գ飬칫¥һũׯԱѾڻˡ
⣬ڷԹУٺһЦƿ˽ȥ
߽ţ۾һ30λԱȫഺӣһʱ޿̲ɢഺ
ȻϸȥЩӵ㲻жƯֵഺǵ˲ٵɫʡ
Ů˾ģ仰ʵǺеġ
ңȺƯҲãͨһЩҲգȴһͬص㣬ǾǸӸĺãԺܺõֲϵһЩ㡣
Ҫġ
ȻũׯҲеԱӸĺá
ֻЩӣԺҪԵ¥ӭǰ̨ӴԼԱȣҪȻҪһЩ
ЩЩԸļӣЩԶһЩĴӡ
֮ʹһЩģ֮ǰ϶ϰ࣬СһЩģеϰ࣬еĸոմѧУҵ
ڣȴȫĽԵũׯ
ǿȫɴ۾
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糤칫ȨһڡȤζͯᣬһ߷һ˵л˵ϵιʮФƷ֮󣬻᲻һЩרŴѧоĹߵע⡣
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ҲԹΪ䴴һЩ£롣ڣʷͽıˡ
лӿڵû֪ΪʲôҿϵЩʮФĹ´˵ʼһЩ´˵ͬŴһĸо˹ˡ
ȨЦҲͬĸоǳԽŵƷɡ
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лһæʵգ϶£ϵ֪Ϊʲô
ȨһЦ˵ϵܵȻҲ֪ΪʲôЩش˵Ѿʧ
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ϵֲѧоߣȻҲǲ֪ġ
ϵ˵һΣһλɣ񻰴˵оͰա϶µȣ񻰴˵һһ
лһ㶣漴Щεҡҡͷ˵Σϵҵʵǲôҷǳڴ񻰴˵ϵС
ȨЦЦ˵ֻڴȵʮФϵй¿֮ȫˣǳڴ



ٶʮ 
Եũׯ칫¥
ǵĻ飬ҵţ˳ȥ
ĿӡӵһڵǣæȥӰ
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ȥȺûгϢСӣֱ뿪˰칫¥ͽȥɣùء
Ҳʡ÷ԹһֱǰƲǡ

뿪칫¥ĵĴ
ռʮĶĴ֮֮ǰ˺ܴĲͬ
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10ǰ뿪ȥħ֮ǰϷڿռ̳˻ũׯ
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ܿ죬پʹӷһͻݸЦʵҪԵһ£
ӹͣһĲһ˵ţ˳һ
㣬Ȼʱ⣬Ȼ˵Ѿˣһ¡
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һζǾͲö֪ˡ
β֪ζ
Ȼǡԣ
ԱҲǷǳڴ
ʳջ˭ֵܹأ
֪ļ̫࣬ûö೤ʱ䣬͵㡣
һС1ҵӡ
10ʱ䣬糤1ңٶҲȷֲġ
ڣũׯԱǣѾϡŹֵ飬Щ˿ֲٶȣȻԾҲǲԽܡ
ׯйص飬ٶһЩ˼飬Ѿֲˡ
֣Ҳ׼ˣԼһ֣һʣµһٴؼȥˣζ
ɰٸ˻ˣЩζǻ˵˵ζ
ʵϣٶЩѾˡ
ֻȻĸˣûɲ˽Ūؼҡ
ĸˣԲܹβǡ

뿪ֱ֮ȥ֣Եӣ׼Ȱ֣ȥ
11ӣ͹ȥԡ
ܿ죬Եǰ
һΣ֣ѵõûдС԰ǺС԰ǰ졣
ǰһС輸ϵˮڵð



ٶʮ ζ
Եǰ֣ԶԶľͿֹͣ˽̸
֣ϡϣһ㡣߽˵
СŪ㣿֣һ߽ӹݹ㣬һʵ
ٺһЦ˵ɲͨ㣬ǳ֮ҲԲˡ
Ŷ֣ජϸĿ˿˵ιЩ㣿10ʱ䣬ôͳôˣ⿴Ҳһͨۼ׷ǳƯ֮⡣
󣬹˵Ȼۼ׶ǳƯˣǻҪⱾ㣬ѵܳɣ
֣ȴǹһЦ˵СӣɣͺúóһζʲôһҪԷ
ﻹʣµһ㣬˵ˣһðûؼȥء
֣ͷתȥˡ
Ҳת뿪ʱͻȻ˵ӰϼǵõԷ
ЩεƲƲţ֪һ˵仰ģֻûشһá֮󣬿첽ȥ

صѾ׼ʼ緹ˣý˳ζ
ӳԺߣһȺϷˮѼӣ顣
ѾһңȷԴˣȻûеӦҲﵽ˴׼
۾ĺɻ˯ȿɹ͵ֲҲ೤ˮ档
ʱ򿪷ˡ
ո·ϣϤοͼһ㣬ʲôţ
λο˵ڴвٰôοͣڵš
Ȼ֮ȲҪţ˱ô֮⣬ҪĻΪ֪㣬Ȼط㲻һǶζǳڴ

12㣬ϣ㣬ֻһַǳ򵥵ļҳ
Ȼ˼򵥵ļҳȴһõɢž޴ջ
۾˵֡裬һζô
ϰ֡ҲǾϲĿ㣬㿴žͺó԰
ϰ֡Լһ⣬Ҳͬһ⣬Ž
ʱһζµˬ֮УѸٴȫ
ֻۣʶȣǰԹóԵ㡣
֮ǰħʱЩƵĶ㣬֮ͨһ㣬ҲԶԶ硣
Ȼ㱾Ĺͣ޹ء
ȻãӦøζ
㣬Щζֻأ
Щڴ
뵽ֲ뵽Ե¥ʽӪҵ֮ĳʦȻҲҪĳʦ
Ե¥ԵСһԵ¥ߵǸߵƷ·ߣѲơ
ʳȾҪζ˵ģȻҲҪĴˡ
ĴҪȥأ
ȻԸ⣬ԼͿԳΪĴ
Ϊռ齱ϵͳռ鶼С
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ֻǣȥԵ¥ƳȻǲܵ顣
ҪҵĶС
ĥ⣬Էٶȴǲ
ܿ죬ϵͱϰ֡˳˸ɾһ˳ԱϾ̫Сˣһζ㡣

磬ζ޵ˣֹһˡ
֣ࡢϼҲͬǳϲ֮ǰζ㡣
ǰ߲ˣ㣬֣ǸпĲܹ֮꣬ܵ˵ζ

ټķϣʢСѾ˸ɸɾ϶ûʣ¡
֣㸺Щ̫óˡٵĶ˷ܵ˵
СһЩҲũׯϰࡣ
ʣͬ˷Щ˵ûЩ㣬ǽ緲ָҵġǼҿ棬˷Ӽ֣ϼ֮⣬ȳԵء
۾һͬú˷ܣǴ°ϰʱ򣬾ƾһ㣬Կڷӡӵǰ԰һ硣

㣬ӴӶİɽڴ뵽ɽš
1ңԵԳڴ
ڣǫ̶ӵĹǣʩΪԳڱʶ
Ƿ׷к⼸ʱѾǱȽϤˡ
ȻҲЦŻӦ˵ҶˣҸҴ˵ˮϢһ£Եˮ
һˮ۾ȫһˮȻлˡ
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Ϊ͵Ĳˮϵɹ
ǾͲˡ
Ƿ׷׷еĻˮҲϴֱӾͷŽһҧ֮ɫ



ٶʮ ɽ
ˮǼɻɽȥ
׼ǰȥҰζֻĴһ㲻ͬҪɱ׼뵽ռ֮С
һȻΪҰζֳ׼
ҰζֳŴԳѾÿռƷϣȦһ500Ķ
ֲԳġܸ
Σն뱣ܽҰζֳ⣬ͨҰζܽܳ
ǽ뵽ֳҰζֻԶĴֳΪֳֳҰζ
ȻҰζֳҰζ϶١
ֻԼֳ϶ԶԶġ
ԣȥɽתһת˹ŪһЩҰζȥ
Ҫһ㣬ڵ˵ʵ̫ˡ

ɽһξ룬ٻ޵װƷХ졣
ХıϣԸХԱԸߵĸ߶ȣС
վХıϣͨռ֮;зҰζҪĶͳͳ뵽ռ֮С
ڵĸ֪쳣񣬼ĸ߶ȲͣҲжܹӹĸ֪
Ȼӹ֪ĶǣǹԹԵĵ˿ռ档
Ϊһ֪ӿֲ֡С䡣
Բ֮ڣһֻ϶ӹСĸ֪
ԣռҰζٶȷǳ֮죬СʱǧֻΪ֮
ҰҰáҰҰѼȵȣӦоС
ٶȣֻҰζҲ뷢ư뵽
ջѾ٣ûֵͣ˼Ǽɽ롣
뵽ռҰζ̫࣬ʱֳŲ£ǾֱڿռˣڵĿռоЩ
ֹһСʱ붯𾢡
СͻȻԺ𣺡ףˣǰ֮£Ȼˡ
ˣһѾǰɽĽ֮ˣ󣬶ޣʱҪ˵οǵľԽ
ǴǣҲЩطû뵽ﾹȻˣһ֮£⻹ǲ
ߣǹȥС˵
˭ôЩ档
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漴Сָķ򣬷ԸХСĵ˿
ХԴ·Ǳȥ
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¸Ӧһ£ֶ5000ֻ
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ӣѾ֪Щʲô޼£ǻʡ
ţĵͷ츳Ǳﵽ100%ĶԶЩͨҪĶࡣ
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漴ĶŪϻһ֮Ž鵤ǰһף˵ˣðɡ
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ֻһֱûгƷҲûʲôµĶ̬ʫ֮ʫʽҲʮֵ͵ֻ֪ݡ
ԣôʱһʵҲ侮ʯĻᡣ
ڣƺڳˡ
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߸˵ƷӢᡷ롶顷ͬһؽˡ
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ʮ 
Ҫβܴܹù۵Ʒ
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ʱ䣬һֱڹעӹ΢ֻǹӹһֱû͸¶ƷݣԼƳʱ䡣
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ȫСʫˡ
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ң

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ͬһʱ䣬һʫڲϵŸķΧ

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ۣСô󱦱ҲôҵФ˶Ժ󻹸Цҡ
۹èûʮФֻܹԼ̫ˡ

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һС˷ܵԼߵһС飬֪ʮФ棬Ϊʲôûд𣿡
Сҡͷʾ֪
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ͬһСѣ˷ܵԼС飬֪ʮФ棬ͼ֮ʲôԹ𣿡
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Сһ̵Զˣܻ˵Ȥζ֪ͯⱾ־ͻȥҰְ򡣡

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СѣССͣһװƵȤͿС
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ӹ΢סС䴫ķΧѾԽԽ㡣
ҲѾ֪ˣҲͬеɻҲͬ²⣬һʫʲô⣿
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ᣬϴ뷽跨Լ飬ӰȴԶԶȲϣӹͻȻһʫ
ͬΪߣôôأ⻹ܲ˺úõдˣ
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ǰһһʱʫ֮עӦþͻص˰ɡ
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ʱҲ׼飬ǲЩͨߣҪץסûйӹƷصʱ䣬ƳԼ飬ռһг
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ϾӹڽСԽŮ롶ǾƷԶûдﵽ˸еĵز
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ȻǺ󻰣Ժ

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ͬԹӹƷоҲԶЩͨҪ
ǣܹ֮ΪĴҵԭ֮һ
ʱҶ¡߸ˣȫŹӹסСü˼
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һȥоʷҪ֮ǰҶ˿϶֮Աǡ
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ҪѷɫڹӹƷƷǳԽӹƷƷҲࡣ

ڹӹһʫҶ˶ô࣬׿ƷۣܹΪĴҡ㽭Ĵңȷʵǽҡ
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֪ġСһȻԺУһϵеķӦ
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һһЩοǣܿͶ֪ˣԵũׯĴں죬Ҳ127ʽ⿪š
⣬ũׯĹԱҲͬϹϢ
Ĵ洦οǶµۡ
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֪Щļ۸ôںûй
߲˼۸ƶϣ϶гҪ࣬ڴ˶ԽܵķΧڡ
ţӦþ֪ˡ

Щ洦οǶĿţ൱ڴ
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126š
죬Ȥζͯɻ𱬣֮й֮޲
ھһʱķͣʮФϵйµӰѾԽԽԽԽˣǵһˡȤζͯ
ѾԤǣһڡȤζͯʷ¸ߣһ֮ǰ߼¼߳١
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쵽ũׯοǣвֳʱľۼڴΧŴڵĸλãָָ㣬ͬʱ໥ʲô
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û취˭㣬ԶгЩóء



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127š
ֻͨһ죬ʥ壬Լʥο˵ȴڴ˷ܵġ
峿ٺͼԱΧʩĴߣԼһЩ׼ϸϸٴμһ飬ȷһ֮󣬼˲Ŷڷǰһ죬һߵȴοǰ
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󣬺ٺһЦ˵ô֣Ϊֵֵ120Ǯһ
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Ȼ»ҪһԣȫעͬʱҲͣŮĴ



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ȻôҲһȥ
Ұ㣬ҿʵܲˣ˵ȥЩˣҵһ㣬ǻӦ
϶ᰡ˵һȤǰæǸ˻ءΪһС
𣿲ʵǿʲôȤԡ
٣ͲˣȤɴˣȻΪʲôôϲ㣿
λ˵ĶԣȻôϲ㣬Ҳ㰮ߡҸ㰡Ȥڵȴ֮ľϲԼʱָоָоֻԼȥᡣ

ΧȻھİѻ˵СһЩʵֳ̫࣬С
ЩЩڵ㰮ߵĶ
ľνǸͬ
ף˵ɫ·СӵĶ˧˵𣿺һ·ġһӣѽô˧𣿡
ҾǸ߸ӵˣܹһ㡣˵վŵ棬߰ɣţ۹⡣
ɫ·Ǹ˵װû˵רҵѵ˵ңãǶʲôרҵ𣿡

ʱԽԽοߣ㹻޴ֱȽϿտܹݵôˡ
ֻǲ֪ΪΧ̫Ϊ۹̫ߣֻΪʲôԭ20ӹȥˣһȴʼûб
Ȼڵ˵20û㣬ʵ̫ˡ
ȴЩ⣬ҶΪһˡ
ԣҶЩżˡ
Χ۵Եòż˵˵ЦЦ¸߰ûиоʱš
ֻҪ㣬վǻϹġ
ڣƺϹˡ
ֻڶѵУǸɫ·СӵɫͻȻһϲ۾Ҳɵøֱǰˮһգգ
Сʹõָֻֽͣסβ΢ǰһЩĵط࣬β⴦Ѿ͵׼
ͣǵȤʼѸͺһ˲䣬һˮ´ͻȻֹеֻͣб˶Ĺ켣
һ˲ĸо˷ܡϲȵȣ޷ҲΨԼȥᡣ
Խ͵ĸоҲԽˬ
Ȼ˵ġ󡱣ָһġ󡱡ִ԰ˮ㣬һָоˡ
ֻʱĺС׼֮ǰһЩţ̫˷ˡ
һܹɹôͽǽһˣΪֳĽһġ
ԣһţ⣬Ӱ쵽жϡ
ֻС͵Ľеһţˮ´һǳϤ
ˣС˷ܵпһ
ֻǣ˷ֻܽһ˲䡣
һ˲֮һͻȻʧСͣɵļ˶
㣬ѹˡ
ѹˮ·һˮΧ˶ˡ
ܿ죬ˮָֻƽ
̫ϧˡ
ǰ񶼿ˡ
ҵľжϣһء
ϧˣСӲͳΪһˡ

ΧΧ۵ˣ׷ΪСӸеϧСΧĵǣһϲ
ǸոռС͵һ˲䣬ﶼѾ˰أһˣСˡ
ȴ˭֪Ȼѹˡ
٣׻ᣬ
СʱҲǰղѣȻ΢һ㣬ӦþͲѹˡ
ϧӦǳΪȴΪӵʱ䣬ûˡ
ʵѾΪˣΧ˶ء
СȻûгΪһˣǵһѹ˲ǡ
ٻΧˣˮǿ
Сһ֮󣬺ܿҲ뵽һ㣬٣վǰ治ǡ
뵽ĺСеİ֮ȥֽܿ¹㹳ԼΪ˧ƣ˦˳ȥ


ʮ ѵ
СһȻûн˵ȴǱøߣڿӰ˲ǡ
ңСһѹҲΪ˴µĻ⣬ǹһЩûд͵ο͵θڣǵҲˡ
ǣԽԽοǰһͣ10ǮһҲѡһطʼ㡣
ǹ˦͵Ķȷʵû֮ǰЩרҵһ۾ͿԿ
ררҵҪܹ
ڣҲǿˣ࣬ȴ̫׳Թ
һ仰ѵ
Ҳ⣬Ȼ㲻һ㣬ǶȻͻطƽʱԵʳҲãȻͲ׵ˡ
⻹õũׯṩҪԼ׼Ǿǵһ죬ƶᱻˮһۡ
ȻЩͨοͶܿôʼЩרҵʿȻ͸ˡ
ⶼ˽һСʱˣһ㾹Ȼûб
ˣ˺Сѹһ֮⣬˾ȻѹûһΡ
˵ڣʼԵüˮĿ
Щרҵ߰ԾҲ̫ѵ˰ɡ
ǶԼĵ㼼žԵţҪΪԵũׯǶҪʼɣ浽ûˣ
ȻΧȽϳһĹϵϵԲ
˵ףΪ̫ѵˡ
רҵ߲û˸еɥӵ˷ܡ
ѵðԽѵԽսԣսԽǵȤȻҲԽ
ң°Ҳֳܸǵļ
ô㣬øѵһЩɡ
˵Ķ־Ҳ˱øӸ߰Ҳ˷ܡ
ȻԼΪһ˵ĿҲ֮ǰӵǿҡ
Ϊ˷ܵˣȻǸСˣĿǰΪֹΨһһӰӵˡ

ôôѵ
ٺɻĵǵǰ죬ʱ򣬿ûʱ䣬͵㰡
ôˣ
ѵΪĵ㼼ԶЩ
Ҳܣ˵Ӧð
ٺЩ벻ס

벻ףȴףܹ֮ڼӵʱ֮ڣ㣬ΪļЩ˺ãΪˡ
ǵģס
ʹõǿռ̳Ȼϲԡ
˵ԶԾҪ̫ͨˡ
ˣǻǻԵģֻҪ೤ʱŻȥԣҪԵˡ
ʹǲǻûԹĿԡ
ǣõ˼£Ϲèӡ
⣬㣬ҲԶط
ҪɹǻҪٰʱ䣬С
磬ոյǸСӣط㣬ǲѹġ
ôʱȥˣȴһûٺٵЦ
ռƷ㣬ô׵ģ
ոڿЦ˵϶ܴŻôѵ
˵ˣȻԶطҪ
Ȼ֮ôѵҲɵġ
ֱӽ۵һ־ˣ˾ͣ
ϡΪζƷζȻȴǳѵֻͬʱ㣬ԵũׯԽԽ
ŻԽԽרҵߣ
ҲֻŻһֱԹ˿Ͳǿ
̫õˣò˶ʱ䣬οǵȤͻ½ġ
ȻѵҲи޶ȣһרҵߣһ죬ȴһǹƾҪɷЧˡ
ţӦòϹˡ
ЩרҵʿһһĻǾ̫ˡ
ȻֻҪ㹻棬ǷרҵʿҲһһ

ԤһһСʱȥȺڴһ󻶺
˵˽ĵһ㣬Ǹ߸ӵ30ӡ
ʱ߸˫һһҵ㣬߸߾չʾ
Ǻε˷ܺ͵֮ɫ
һСʱʱ䣬ֳôרҵʿȻȴǵһ㡣
ɼжѵ
Ҳѹָ߸ô˷ܺ͵ˡ
ҲãʵҲգǸ߸ӵɪʱ䡣
ЩרҵʿҲΨĽʵĿŸ߸ӡ
߸ӵΧʱҲΧˣҺ뿴һЩѵ㣬кر֮
㻹˵طЩһ
ȣ˼۾ԶƯ롢⻬⡣
ΣҲ֪ǲԼĴܸо£͸һɻ龢۾鶯
Ȼֻ˵Ĵ
ÿ˶ĸоǻҲȫǴ
ģ˭֪أ



ʮ ζջ
һ㱻ɹĵҲĿˣǵݣȷʵطЩһ
ȻֻǱϵĲһȴǣζϻʲôһ
⣬ҲΨ󳢹֪ҲΨǸ߸ᡣ
ԣ˿߸ӵ޲Ľɫ
߸ڵɪ˺һ֮󣬲СЩŽ
߸ӿͷǴǵθڡ
֮ЩרҵĵʿУ½Ҳţ㡢㡢㣬Ҳ㡣
һѹǺСҲɹĵһһصĲ㡣
ڣ㣬ձ鶼ֻһء

½˿ͣȻϹĸɺܵ͡
Ѿӽʱ֣Ҳ50ңȺרҵߵž50ҡ
Ҳ˵ÿһ㣬м˵
ЩͨߴοǣҲλοͿţ㡣
λοȻǵĹЦȻЩοͣЩˡ
ѵҪһЩζҪеҪడ
Ҳڲŷ֣ÿ120Ǯļ۸ףҪŪ㣬ѵöˡ
ҲЩϲ㣬֮ǰ˰æһ뷨ˣпɬѡ
ѵôרҵʿһ磬һҲŵһʵǲ˼ڣ˰ǵˡ
˸еҵǣΨһʽȻȴǳΨһʽ
οҪ㣬˵ȥԼŪ֮⣬һַʽǾȥũׯԵСԡ
ӽ쿪ʼԵСƳµĲƷΪҪʳĵĶƷ
ѾοȥˣԵС㣬Ȼ۽280Ǯһֱӵ㣬֮󣬳ʦٽдӹɳƷˡ
280ǮһȻе󣬵Ҳܽܡ
һһص㣬˳ԣһ˲200Ǯһ㣬ʲôܽܵġ
ԣȥһζ˵
ʱӽ磬οͶȥԵСһζҲҪ緹ġ
Щרҵʿ룬ҲߣԵСķȥ
һʱ䣬˲١
ʣµЩˣȻǲȥԵСˣĿǰ
һ㶼Դʳѡһ羰续Ĳƺһ߳ԼԴĳʳһķ羰ҲһȤ
һʡǮֶֺΪء

ˣΧ۵ĴǶؼҳԷȥˣ֣ࡢҲȥˡ
·ϣ֣пû뵽㾹Ȼѵ⵹Ǻ£̫׵˷á
Ҳͬĵ˵ͷ˵ӣװȥԺǻвٵĵ㰮Ľǰ
ЦǾ͵öϵļˡԺҪ㣬Ҫϵĵ㼼ˡ
֣࿴һۣЦЦ˵Ȼǻȥģѵ㣬ҸȤԺʱҲСŪ𣿱˵ѣС˵ȴףȻҲ֪ΪʲôţʵһȻҸϲԼ㡣
һЦ֣Ļϣ˵ţƾ֣ϵĵ㼼һ죬Ӧûܵһġ
Сӣ֣Цһ

ĸԵСһΪȻҲвͬĵط
ǾǽеĿ˶㣬кܶ໹רΪûĲˡ
ζҲ˿ľϲ
Ѿ֪ǳζڴֵѾܸˡ
ȻǰŽʱ˲䴫ˬߣζµĴУ׹ƶˡ
ζһִ͸ջ
ʱǲ֪֮ǰΪѾܸߵڴֵʵ̫ˡ
ζþ󵽵ģߵڴֵȥڴ󣬶һʧ
ζ㣬˵280ǮһǧˣһҲֵ
ţһ̣ġ
㣬ζÿһλ˰ͷ̶˱˸ɸɾ
һӶûԼʳ

ڳĿˣɫ
ڵȴĿˣһأеĭ
ЩѾ˵ĿˣվԵС棬ֺݺݵĽζζһ֮ȫŴķ򼲲ȥ
һ߻һ˷ܵ˵ʲô
ߣȥ군һҪһͲȥݣ
ˣ֮ҲԲЩˣƫƫֲϲ㣬զ찡
Ҳϲ㰡ҾҲȥˡ
ҵ뷨һǱ߿һЩˣȻûλˡ󣬵ܲס˶డ
Զԣ˵ĶԣпûλãֵǣǵСˡ
ãҪ̫죬ϾŸճ˷

ǣΧЩûȥԵСԷοǣһֵ
ЩԵСԷˣȻСǰ
˹ˣճ극òҪܲ
Χοǣ໥ڶԷ￴ɻ



ʮ 
ũׯ
ЩһֱڸοǷ֣֪ʲôʼ½½ЩСߡ
֮ȥһͣڿƿʼ㡣
֪УʼԽԽ࣬඼˰ˡ
ʲôһֱڸοЩ㲻ˡ
ﻹԵñȽϿտôͻȻͱӵˣ
ʲôЩ˲ǳԷȥôԵôˣ
֪ǿǸɫзеֵǸˣӡ˵Լϲ㣬ôҲȥˣңǼƻǳ棿
Уȥһʲ֪ߣһȥʡ
ãҲ֪Ϊʲô

ǣЩһֱˣ׷ߵȥѯԭ
õĴȻ˵˵ͬ˼ȴǳһ¡
ǾԵСԹ֮󣬱Ҳֵסջ󣬽˵ʲôҲõһȥ
ԭµɻ󣬵һʲôζôϲˣֵĲݵľ
ߣҲȥһ280ǮһֲǳԲ𡣡
ɣǾȥһѾҵĺġ

ǣԭһЩûдȥԵСԷˣҲסջ󣬷׷׳ȺӵԵСȥ

뿪ҲЩ˺Ǳķ֣ѾΪҲѾͣ˶͡
Ȼûλˡ
Щ̾ϢһĽʵѾµˡ
ûλô죿ǾֻĿ˼ҵˡ
ͬʱҲЩ˵һ֮󣬾͸Ͻ뿪ðλڳ
ҲףֻһõԸ
Ϊѵ̶ȣټЩ˰ӵĵ㼼ָǾ뿪ǳã
Щصڣ֮һܹţ㲻ˡ
Щרҵأڻ϶Ѿջˡ
Щ˴ʱ飬Ҫ뿪ĿԣƻС
ѵֻһռλˣ
Ŀǰȷֻˡ

󣬵Ҫο͸࣬ңŵĴ֮ǰһľ룬Ȼûˡ
ԣЩ˵οֻͣˡ
ȻڼҲеοͣϲóԼλá
οͱϾ࣬ȽӴĵȴȺ˵ʵǱˮн

źЧԤĲ࣬ԣԹ緹󣬾ûȥˣȥ´ֳ
ֳռ40Ķ150ԱĹһڣѾβ׶Ρ
ӣֳͿȫ깤ʲôʱʼֳյֳſڣӭЩ˷ܵʵ
ôһֳࡢȻ٣Ĺģͳ棬˸е˷ܡ
һ롢ƶˣԼ150Աÿ춼һ˷ܾڸɻ
ҲΪڲŻչô졣
ЦЦ˵壬ʱżٵϼ죬׼ࡢУ׼֮󣬾ͿԿʼֳˡ
ɣ뺩һЦ˵׼ǶȻͬ죬Ƕǳڴء
ĵȻǲͬ죬˵ǣԼҲڴء
ֳתһתֳĽ⣬֮ǰ滮һ¡
ֳȫ깤Ȼ´Ľ軹ûн
Ӵ쿪ʼԱʼ´20߲߲˵ʮһʮ
߲ĹҪ΢һЩԤʱΪڡ

ֳǫĹ̶Ӵ
죬Ե¥Ľ蹤Ҳʽ깤ǫĹ̶ӣ뿪ӡ
ǫĹ̶ǰǰڴѾ˺üµʱˡ
Ҳϼ֤˴ӵ仯̣޽Ҳǳ֮֡
ѾϲĴӣҲϰ
ڣҪˣǺЩɶá
ûа취ǹˣҪǮңĹĿˣǱǰһ̡
ֻһ̣ȻôĵطԼôõĶˡ
ȻһڵĿˣǵĺȴʹ˽
Ժ󣬴ﶨȻĹĿҪ裬ǻٴκ
ǵ֪һ֮еĲŵȥ٣Ҳţһκܹ쵽
̣ͬȻϣʥ̡
빤ѾǳϤˣڴڣ빤Ǻ˺һ
ϵʱеĹǳԷ
˹֮⣬Ҳ˴еˣԼԵũׯԱ⻹вϤο͡
ȻҲ֣ࡢϼˣŹ䡢λרңȻڰɽ޷ˡ
ҪԾͳԵ֣ڲƴ֣ô룬ô롣
˵ᣬ̶ֳȿ֪ټϲ˵¶ǳߡ
ԺãȺãǽĿġ
᳡ｻһٷҳԵ



ʮ ʷĻϵź
128ա
һڡЦеӣһûйӹƷܵһӰ졣
ӹƷȻûˣӰڣӰ쵹Ҳ
ҲЩעЦˣ˵ͬУֻһЩߣǸеЩȡ
Ц־糤Ԫΰ΢΢Щ졣
һڵӡˢƻֻһڵһ룬һѾ׼
ȻսǻҪӡء
⣬Ҳкܶ߿һڵġЦϣȻûйӹƷȫصһ
ЦΣǲ⣬ֻҪûйӹ˵Ʒˡ
ӣǵĻ·Ҫöˡ

ϵʥȻοͣһռλá
ζջЩʱȷ
⣬Եũׯѵ̶ȣζ̶ȣҲѾϴˡ
ʮλרҵ㰮ߣͬʱԵũׯһ죬ƽÿ˽ջ㡣Ȼ㣬ȴǳࡣ
ƽʱϲˣΪλȿֺĸԵũׯһһҲڣ
ҪȥԵũׯ㣿ԣó磬˾ûλˡ
ǲΪԵũׯѵģŻô֮ͣǣѣǳȫЩͨ㡢ȣȴҪ120Ǯһ˻УҲҪǮģ10Ǯһݡ
еһжΪʲô𰸺ܼ򵥣ζջЩζԳһ޷ζֻԼȥ顣

Ļڸ̳֣ڱԽԽѿ
⣬רҵ㰮ߣԼЩʳжӵˣϲʳߡ
ԵũׯȻ֪ׯЩ߲ˣǳ
ԣϵЩǵҲôɡ
ҲǾȫͬ
һȴֻ㣿ٺ٣Ϊô˵ļаɡȥһʮǿ
㰮ţǳϣ⹴ǼȤҪȥ֤һ£ǲĵרҡ
ǣʥ
һֳζٺ٣˵ԵũׯǳζҾţЩ˵ôӦЩ˳Թζ̫ٵԭɡ»ȥƷһ£Ա׼ȷۡ
ΪԼǳʳרҵţǾҪЩζôǱҪЩʳרҲа
ǣҲʥȥ
ʳרҡǲԷģǾͲö֪ˡ
ȻЩ֮⣬Ҳ۷׷ףںĵʹ֮£زԶˣҲ׷ǰʥ壬׼ȥϡ;
һУŸոոտʼԵũׯעԽԽ˵
лĳʳרҡ

ǣĻʷĻоֲ
ӽһļݸ᯸˵ᯣ㿴һļûʲôҪ˵ģ
᯸Ҳӹļ˵ţȿ
ļ֮ǰ˵ģڡ񻰴˵ġ
δĿģҪΪЩӦ񣬵ȴΪֲ֪ԭʧ˵񻰴˵
ʵʷĻⷽĿհףҲ˴δǣ񻰴˵ĻȤʶӡ
Ӻ᯸ļ꣬Ƭ̺˵ţûҪġڽ棬ǲҪһ㣿һŽһǮĻҲ̫СˣҲʮɡ
󣬿ЦᯣĻ⽱ɲ˵㡣ңǹĻٰ£ѰΣǶϵҫˣж˻⽱Ƕ٣ᯣˡ
᯸ҡͷɲףҪ֪Щ˲ŲʲôģֻĽǶ٣Щܴ̼ǸĵĴջ֮ϲļҲҪЩǡٸ룬Ҿ˽
ЩΣ᯸˵Ҳʵ˶ôġ
ҪһЩȣȻ˾úˡ

һڵġȤζͯɻ
ʮФϵйµӰ컹ҲˣڻЩʧ񻰴˵̽Ȥ
˶ۡ
ʮФϵкҲҹкö񻰴˵ʧ˰
˭˵أ˵кüλʷרңоЩʧ߲ȫ񻰴˵Ҳ֪ôˣ
ӦûʲôչɡЩʧĶûκεϵ伮ɲ飬רңҲƾմ
˵ãʮФϵУԼҸоôһ°һֱƵġ
ˣֻһңҲһٴЩʧ񻰰
⵹Ҳǡϧˣô񻰴˵ôʧأ
ҹʷĻϣź֮һ



ʮ 񻰴˵
ʮФϵУڶѶڻ񻰴˵Ĺע
ܶ˶ΪЩѾʧ˵񻰴˵еź
ҲŻʷѧרǣܹĵϵ伮Щʧǲȱ񻰴˵
ĺ֪Щʧ񻰴˵Щʲôӵġ
Ȼܹص񻰴˵ҲǼõģʮФϵһ
Ҳ֪ҪʵԸĿԼ͡Ҳһܹٴ񻰴˵Ʒ
ҪʲôʱйزٰܹһΣ񻰴˵Ĵͺˡ
УҷҲͻȻ䣬ö񻰴˵ܸȤˡ
⣬иԻ˵ҹĸɽһλء
ǰҲܹʮФϵиϵƷֻҪܹȥС
ôͻȻôˣ񻰴˵ȤأΪʮФϵ𣿺ðɣҳϣҲǡ

֪˭˵ϣйزţٰܹһ񻰴˵ġ
ϣܿ͵õѵ֧֣ҺԽԽߡ
ҲϣйزܹǵԸҿһ
ֻǣǲûбʲôϣ

ǣǴѧʦԢ
᯸Щڡٰ񻰴˵ӣЦ
û뵽ǲ߻شδ⹫ǵȤѾǰˡ
һ벻ľϲĻδܹȥӰԱ֮ǰԤĻҪ
ϲ֮࣬᯸־÷ǳοǣ񻰴˵Ȥô
Ǿ˵ҶЩص񻰴˵ǻĻкҪһ֣ǳĻ
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Ϊںܶ񻰴˵ʧˣҵЩʷѧרǣӦеκ
ȻҲһֱŬȴ룬ЩЩϲ񻰴˵ˡ
᯸̾ϢһϣһεĴôʧɡ

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־Ļ׼ؾٰһ컪񻰴˵ÿһλд˶롣
Ϊҹ񻰴˵Ļשߣ׳Լ
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ҿдҲصʷ伮ȥѰؼأȻԼԴ
еĲƷͳһǰʮƷֽ֮⣬пѡؿα
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ڶֽԪ
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ȻҲףҪ˵򵥵ģҲ˵ѵģҪո¶ͷǣɲһ׵顣
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µߣܹδлΣǵ־磬Ҳͬ벻ջ
ǣ־糤ΪԼµܹȫҲǸС
еĳŵöٶ־罫ʲôĽ
Ҳеĳŵʲôĳɼ־Դбȵȡ
е־ĥţǲӦȥһЩ˼ߵ־磿
ıʡʲôĶҪֻҪ뷨Ϳˡ
񻰴˵߶߶ģҪǹ¹˼ıЩεġ
δĸø־ЩƽʱûʲôȨߣһЩͬȵĴ
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лҲͷ˵ǲ֪ϵһ׼ôҪֱó10ƷһǰʮǾȫˡ
ȨлҡҡͷЦл̫̰ˣȻҲϣϾʱҴͶڵ18žͽˡ
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ǵȻóҲʣֻǵǰѾõƷøߵѿ֮󣬴ҶʾƺǸоôԡ
ʵԼڿԼƷʱҲһֲԵĸо˭Ҳ֪ΪʲôȴʵʵĴţ˺ա

Ȼνϱû·ߵ˶Ҳ·
ڵ񻰴˵ƺҲӵģԭûе񻰣ڴ˶ˣܻ˴оƺԵƷ
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ǾǰϲѦˣųͯһˣʫʽ粻šѦܹλôѦҲȻᱩѦһͰ
˵˵ҶŬɣȷһĴûᡣ


һεĴÿһλڳŴ֮󣬶ԼȷĿꡣ
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ǲӣҲýӰȫ񶼿ء




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ǲƷݣȻҪġ
ѦĽ׵ġա˵Զʱڣ̫һֱϣһʮʱȫǰ죬ûкҹӰǵԼֲũ
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Ȧ˵ĻѦĽ׹ЦĿ걾ǵһڿ˵ķӦҲӵʮ㡣
⣬ˡաƷѦĽ΢ҲͬǵĹע
Ȼ˵ıȺһƷҪ˼ͬȻҪս¡
¸˼ˣһһƷһѦĽףǶ˰
û취˭ľأ˵ƷֱǲͬزģҪƪͬƷӦսЩ鷳ˡ
⻹鷳ģǼͷѧеŵģսǲ鷳ˡ
ǰս˶ˣֱַǲͬزƷǾҲޣ϶ǻһЩսġ
УǸսҪֱӲҲˣҶ⣬ûӰġ
˵е˶Ϊġңвٵˣ͵Ļء

֪ǲΪǵۣѦĽ֮½΢ϣˡָ˼
ߵ΢ޣί񣬻ֱӣôþǸͬҪ˼ȴֻһҪս
ȻЩߵУˮߣǱǴûսģҲ֪Լûʸ
Ȼս˶ˣͣԼƷʸҲܣȰѻųȥ˵һҾȻҲսΪǶţƵءֶֺΪأ
ѿԽԽսҲһǱոһѻ˵ˡ
ĵѾͳƣսزķֱУա϶¡̹ſ졢ײɽ丸աŮ洲ȡ
ս߸ǶʮˣֻЩѡõͬһزĶԡ
ƷҲǲβ룬ЩƷһЦֵ֮ǰʮƷȴ˲òӡ
֪ɺϻ⣬ǰʮƷȻʮͬزģƫƫʮƪƷߣȫս
⡭
ע⵽һ֮޲һ
˵ҪóʮƪͬƷӦս
˵ľޣټʱҲԣӦҲ첻ɣ
˵õóʮƪͬزĵƷǾͲܱ֤ˡ
ȻҲѡЩսֻóһƪƷնھˡ
һЩˣȵľĻᡣ
ǲЩΪеǡ



ʮ ߵķ˿
ʡǣȤζͯ硣
ȨŵĻüͲµϵսû뵽ôࡣңЩߵУѦĽ׵ˣߵϵˡ
лЦûа취飬ǲ֪ϵǱôˣ᲻бȽϴѹ
ȨѹӦûУһûиойѹǸһִݲȵӣһȷʵЩ鷳һϵܡ
лҲĵ˵ͷ

ͯ硣
ʵЦСǵ鷳ˣ˵λ˳𣿡
κ󶫿ʣЩεҡҡͷ֮ĶԹѾҹȥˣʲô˳ȻһЩֻֻѾû˶⡣
룬κ˵ľСӲ˳أһķǳƯ˵糤ǲ˸˵̫硣
ȿȣһЦݣ˵Ǿ͵Сӣٸһξϲɡ

ʡǣĳסԢ
һˮһ˵ƺ鷳ˣ
൭һЦ˵鷳Ҳ֤ڵĵλӰ죬ѾˡҵҲһ鷳˼Ҳҡ˵ĳ˵鷳ҲǺ¡

ʥ壬Եӡ
֣һС԰ǰƷ衣
⼸춼ûСˣĪ֪ô鷳һֱڼ׼Ʒ
֣Цǲ̫˽̶ֳȵ鷳˵Ѿ㲻ʲôˣǵſϷˡСӣ⼸ƺæԵ¥ʦ顣
ʦɻСӻʦУ֣ȷһλ˳أ
֣ҡͷӦöӶĶԶҪࡣڹǵſҲˡ
󣬵ǲ֣Ļֻεҡҡͷип⵽ʲô˰

ǡ
᯸Ӷڿνϲǲΰ롣
ϲεĴĿǰٰķǳɹ߻ѣ鶼ǳߣƷҲܲ
ǰʮƷǶ˿ˣҲͷ
ڵһλõѦĽ׵ġա϶ȸǵĸо͡
ȻǾϲǵ۹Ǻε֮ߣǵͷƷѾǳɹˡ
ǵǣЩǾȻìͷֱָΪеѹӶӰ쵽ƷĴǾ̫źˡ
Уôǻ
ϾûδȻûһӵˡ
ЩǵĴֲȥָʲô֮໥սǺ顣
ԣλʷѧϲǲΰ룬ҲֻܵȴĻӦˡ

λʷѧңȫˣڵȴĻӦ
ֻæѵĳʦŶӣһֱûκεĻӦ
ͬˣٳٲӦ뷨飬ȻҲǴͬ
ѦĽסһƷΪ׵Եõ⡣
ǿӦǵƷ֮󣬲һӦ
˵ýͷöء
һνĿģѾﵽˡ
ҲЩ֮ǰľ
ˣǵķ˿ˣѦĽ׵ķ˿Ϊ
ǼĽйȻģɾõ˵һʲôǺôڶҿ
ҲǿǼĽеƷŵ˰ɡǶԵģԶ˳ˡ
ǰǼĽеĵһ϶öˣʲôǲҪ˵ĺá

˿ϲżäĿģֻѦĽ׿˿ǵķԺ󣬲û÷˿Ҫ͵һЩǳ⣬ͬ˿ǵ˵úܶЩüˡ
ղݣЩѦĽ׵Բз۰ɣͲܵ͵һЩ𣿡
ķ˿ȷʵЩ̫⣬ѦĽҲ֪Լķ˿͵һЩ͸˲ˡ
Щ˿ۣԼѦĽ׵ߵ̬ȣͨǷ׷üôԸǲ֪ʲôֵýġ
ҲһЩϲֵѣǵǲִ
ְְɣְɣȵķ˿ǳ󣬾кϷˡ
һ˿֮˺ƴսʼ
ƺÿδٲ˷˿ս˼

ȻѦĽ׵ߵķ˿ǣ˸ߵ˺ơ
ô¥ķ˿ǾǲҲˡ
Ͼôͨѿء
һ£˼һΪûз˿ء
ôͼ򵥵Ļһ°ɡ



ʮ 
¥˿ǱѦĽ׵˵ķ˿ǿЩ˿Ļ޼ֵǳ֡
ֻ¹ǣķ˿ˣŲò֡
Ȼض˵¥ķ˿ǶǾþɳѦĽ׵˵ķ˿޵ֿ֮һͿء
ֻһ仰Լҳ̬Ӯ֮Ҳˡ
⻰û˿սǿʲôأֻҪˣһҲˡ
ԣǹؼһÿ˶
ֻٳٲ̬վһЩ
ҲЩһֱڵԸͷϲ񣬱ഺֺͯˡ
һ侮ʯľѻᡣ
ǣǷ׷ϵɿ˵ʲô϶ˣһԶˣҲٶڴ˵ȵȡ
ҲȷӰ쵽һЩˣеЩʧǵȷ̫߿ˡ
ԲսҪóһƪƷһģǸʲô˼
ȻȴţһģҲһʧ

Ȼʧ
6㣬ԹԼķ䣬򿪵ԣܿ˽ʼĩҲ֪ȫкܶ˶ڵ̬
һʱô飬΢΢Щ죬ֻû̬Щսߣûʲôر̫ˣ¶ûС
ǰʮƷȫһ飬΢˵ͷ㲻һġաԭġաҲЩ֮Ҳ˶ѡ
漴½΢һ΢ƺЩȲˣôʹӡաʼɣ8㣬ǲɢ
ʱ̶ע˺֮࣬ԣ΢һ£ܿϴˡ
лӦˣ˼ˡ
ӡաʼҪѦĽ׿ң⻹ֻǿʼѵҪеսȫ£
Щɵ˰ɡ
Ҿ˵ôܻأ˯Ⱦˡ

ȻҲвͬ
ߣΪʲôҪȵ8ſʼΪʲôʼҿҲŵףŪˡ
ܺãͿһġաθǼĽеȣ


Ѧһ㿪ƺŰ
ߣȡˣѦһȻѡѦˡ
ǺǣΪƷҵĺðɡҲҵƷΪ𣿡
ǣҾѦġաѾˣҲӮ
˵ĺãʧܵİɡ
ѦĽһЦҪҿţ뷨ôҿһӮҰɡ

ڶϣҪ8ʱ򣬺ܶȺǰʹԼʱҪˡ
᯸λʷѧרңҲ׼ʱ˵ǰ
ҲûôҾõȣʱյ8㣬һƪΪġա׼ʱڹٷͶ
ˣͬʱһ漴ͬʱ㿪Ʒ
˵ںܾúܾǰʮ̫Ƕ۵Ķӣסڶϡһɣ
һξ˴һʮ̫ⲻǳ𣿲ôоȷôһ£
Уɣ˶鲻Խһճɣ
⡭
оƺһʲôҪˣǵ͵Ĳһ¡
᯸λʷѧҵĸоǿңͻȻʮּ
ʮ̫СһϢڷɣϣǵҲȷʵ񣬶һ㡣
ԣֱ̫֮Ϊڡ

ڣͨЩ֣ΪʲôҪ̫˵ڣ
᯸λʷѧȴǳ𾪣ΪһЩǳϵıֹһͼ
ֻǣʷѧһֱ޷͸˼
Ȼڣ᯸ƺڤڤ֮뵽ʲôȫЩ
ÿ죬Ҫʱʮ̫Уͻһ̫뿪ɣգâ˼ÿһ䡣
ʮ̫ÿһֵȻһƬг
ֻǣʮ̫ǳƤǾһȥֵ̫ˡ
ĳһ죬ʮ̫һܵȥֵ
гʮ̫
̫ǸˣȻϵȴ⵽֮֡
ʮ̫ɢ˴أ˽ˮ˺ͶҲеľׯڡݻΪ˻ҽ
ڸ¿ϲԵĶ͡





ʮ ө
˿Ϊʲôʮ̫ˡ
ѾҪˡ
ҪǣһᵽַǳĸоǿʮФϵʱĸоһ
ǣִƷҪΪⲿƷǴϹʱģѾ֪˶ٸ͡
ǿЦʲôѦĽ׻ͼս
ȷѦĽ׵ƷܲڸƷһȣֱөԡ
ѦĽɫɷף۾ֱ㶵ĿŵĻԸġ
һֱΪкƷˣһܵף棿
ѦĽײԸʵҪδģôʵ
ȦʻҾƷô
ôϣܹشѦƷôıˡ
ȻȦﾲĵģûһ˻ش
ôѦĽãȻ૳
ΪѦĽ׵ƷȻķ˿ˡ
УƷôʮ̫ⲻҳ𣿻ǼĽеĸã
ǣǼĽеƷöˣʱͶƱɣ϶ǼĽӮ
ֻǣûӦǣҲֹһһȺԲзۡ

ѦĽײԸʵЩսߣʱҲɵˡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣƷ˾Ǿ
ʱҲóƷǡ
ȫһڲǰһմմϲ
ûһѾ׹뵽ȥˡ
ߴʱһֽǾ֮ǰ׼ƷǡþǡաŻô¡
ƷӦòܻ˿°ɡ

յĹ£˻ûпꡣ
ȻӢۣ࣬ˡ
һѾ񹭣ϵʮ̫˾Ÿ鷢˵Ӣˬ

Ҫ˵һµǣյĹǴӦöǳϤкܶ˶֪ʵʷУյĲ࣬Ǵࡣ
ͬ϶ɷȻҲǺˣҲͬӦǴࡣ
ҲЩΪʹͬһˣʵˡ
ǵҢʱڵ̫ʱڵ
˵ȱɱ֮󣬶䷽ڳڵս֮У죬
£Σͳһʷʹ
ͳһ˶䷽һǿĹҡ
ڸùΪڶ̫Ĳ䷽ɣڡɽбΪʮչ
⣬Ҳǡա˵Դ
ԣյӦǴ࣬Ǻࡣ
Ϊʲô֪Ĺǡա
еԭǾǷˣҲи˵ҸȤĻҲȥصĵ伮ϡ
ȻյҲпܾǺࡣ
Ͼ񻰴˵ʵ˭ܹ϶أ
Ǻ໹Ǵ࣬ϤǡաѾ㹻ˣҪȥôأ

ġաûö೤ʱͿˡ
Ȼƪաķ籩Զ
Ϊƪաؽʷᣬ
ڣ飬ֻⳡ籩Ŀʼ
ۣգǺգһĺգǿҵĸо
۹ճɣճɣԭճɣɡ군֮ǰ˭˵ġɣָСʹʮ̫꣬ôܴСǱأڣˣɣ̫Ǵӷɣġ۹ָо̫ˬˡ
ݵ֮ǰҲΪɣָСʹ˶ʮꡣġաһ㣬;Ƿ
ƪƷ̫ˬˣһϹʱڵĲĻ
룬Ҷ룬֮£䲻ĺ࣬վڸɽۣ֮һѾ񹭣ϵ̫Ǿ֮飬Ǿ˶ȼ
ޣҵż񣡡
30ˣ죬׺ΪʲôҪˣ
ǰ֡סһ˵ףѦĽƷ֣һƪաĹºס

Ϊġաе˷ܣбǸ˷ܵˡ
Ȼ᯸λʷѧˡ
ȷе˵ѾֻλʷѧˣġաһʷѧңһЩרңҲˡ
ΪƪաһּʵĸоһֱڣĳһƪϹŵ伮һ㡣
гֵġɣڡһʷһ㣬ǶһЩ֮ǰһֱβ͸ĶһڲĵϺĻȻʵĸо
ҵˣҵˣҵˣһֱڿѰģЩѾʧ˵񻰴˵᯸۽ǲ֪ʲôʱѾʪˡ


ʮ һװ̫ˮ׼
ʷרҡѧߣµȫͨѣȫΪġաϲ
໥ţоţҲڶýע⡣
Ȩýֱģƻհסźǧʷ񻰴˵ĻڱġաһЩհףѧʷϵһƸ
ġա֮ߣѦĽסһƷսߣԼֺʱԸͷԹޡ
ġաƾʲôܹ֮ߵۣ
ѦĽ״ʧлعȻģ˺һƷߣͬý塢ȫɺͿ顣
ġաȷܾʣϾֻһִˣաĹ£Ҳƾģ硰ʮ̫ճɣڡȡ
ǿΪǳʣӦðĵλҹ񻰴˵հ׵ĸ߶ȡ
ϵУյĹ²֪ڶ֮ǰһִ˵Ʒʲôʸȥ֮ǰĹµĿհף
ѦĽ׵ɺͿ飬еֺҲ´½һ㣬ϲķ׷׷֧Ԯ
ҲȷʵˣڶýǵĿ⣬ҲһЩ˵˼
ֻǣġաȫƾ
ȻǷ񶨵ġ
ʷѧңǴѧʷϵ᯸˵ġաƾġ
ȣʮ̫
ҹʷ顶ɽӾУһιڡʮչļأ˵ڶһǿ죬ͳһΧңЩҶǳ̫Ĳ䷽
ˣͳһĹֱΪʮչɼеġաָ̫ӡ
ġաУʮ̫Ӧþ˶
Σճɣ
֮ǰܶ˿ܶΪɣָǵΪǡþҹĶճɣָľ̫ӵķ
ʵ֮ǰоԱɣָĿܲǵҹʷϵһֳڶֲ
һ˵ʷѧҲһֱڿ֤ۡ
ˣѡɣ˵һ̫ӷɣǷǳеġ
˵ʷѧ磬ṩһ֡ɣָһ˵Ҫʷѧл
ǡڡ
һ㣬룬ֻʷѧ磬ĻӦøл
ΪһЩǳϵıУֹһַǳֵġͼ
ͼʲô˼Ϊʲô㣿ΪʲôЩϵıУ
ʷѧǰ˼⡣
ǽ죬ġաǴ𰸣ԭǡͼ̫
ںܾúܾ֮ǰͼֵʱ򣬡աĴ˵Ӧûûʧ˲Żáͼ̫Щ֮ϡ
ҳ֤ЩСͼıУѡͼ̫Ǻгġ
ȻĻдʷѧо
⣬⡰񡱵ĳƺҲҪһˣĳ˵ġڡ
Ϊ̫ȻǺɫģʵɫȴǺɫġ
ԣڡȻҪȡ񡱣׼ȷ󡢴
ġաƾ󣬶վڴʷ伮ʵ֮ϣ󵨵
Ҹ˶ܹôһƪƷеǳ𾪣һֱŬѰҵ񻰴˵
룬ƪƷٸߵҲΪ
Ҵҹʷѧ磬֣صĶ˵һлл

᯸һ˵˸ĺ䶯
ղݣƪƷôţƣʷѧҶ𾪵ˣҲ̫ţ˰ɡ
ޣڡͼȻʵڣֲƪƷ˵ĸоôʵ
ûע⵽ҹʷĻŷǳ̵оʮչڡͼֲ֪ܴ˵ġաȻ֮ţΪȳ˸ӿ̿ࡣ
ЦˣѦĽЩΪץסƷ©ȴ˭֪ΪǵɣƪƷ󡣡
νĲͲƫƫҪΣֵֹ˭أ

˵һѦĽѪģһѪ
õɷġաɵӰ
·˶ĳЦЦ޼ɵ
ΪʲôҲģİѦĽ״š
ϧûܹõ

ͼⶫ
᯸Ľ΢΢Щ죬һֱΪڡֻ񻰴˵Уû뵽ʵУСͼֶ
ٺ٣᯸ЩʷѧǣڶΪ֪ͼ𾪡
һװʵ̫ˮ׼ˡ



ʮ װҪ
㻹Ƴ񻰹ᣬôһƪʲôʱƳ
΢ϲ֪ʲôʼѾˢˡ
һƪ𣿽8ɣһ΢
ʲôܿʵ
ĻôһƪƷͽ8׼ʱҼ档ٸ΢
˵Ϊʲô𣿻У͸¶һ£һƪƷǹķ𣿡ʵ
ΪһƪƷйأ14ţĻӦòˡ£ƳһƪƷǶ⾳ǣ⣬ƪƷҲͬйء˵
⼸΢ݣѸٴ磬һ߳
˼˵һƪƷҪ顣ղݣҷװľµһơ
װ̫˧ˣʲôʱҲװһƾͺˡ
ۣҪ飬˧
ղݣŮˣװƣֻ
ȥֻ˼װƣûע⵽ƷйҲͰˣôйأʲô
⵹ǣйص񻰴˵֪С϶¡ʲôϵѵʲôҲ֪Ĵ˵
ͺйأղݣòǡ¡ɣ̫ȥ
¡ãʲôʲô⴫˵
˵Уֻǲ֪ˣȻûͣйأйذ
ղݣǷǵ̣ͺֹأͷǵǺ°ˡ䡯Ǿ벻𣿡
ðɣеôҾһɣʱյȻͽˡ

һƪƷʲô֮ʲô֮ᷢʲôĹ£˼ۺ飬ڶýҲ뵽С
ڱػͬʱЩý廹н»ܹ³֮䣬ᷢʲôĹµĹڣһĽ
ȻֵǮ˲ȴǳߣһʱҲԶ󿪣˵ʲôĶУҲ¹ܺϲˣ뵽ʲô˵ʲôһɶأ
Ȼ˻뵽鵱еʱҲһ
Ʋߣ̫ĿԣǷǳġ

ýѵ֮ߣȻЩȴǺ޵
Ȼսˡ
군СӾ֪װƣװƣװƣ
仰ôۣýҲȥˣǣȫˡݣ
δֲһ룬군ӵƷģһ۵˶ûС

һȺ߷߷߲ƽ֮䱾޶Թ״ǲԹҲѰ
ǵƷǰʮڶ۵Ľ㣬ָоֱ˵ˬ
ںˣһ֣˲ֱӱˣδٲȻһ˵רܹܣ
ܽôأ
ţ䣬㲻װ˵ҪƳƷ
ôǾûֻǽϣϣֱûǾͿ㻹ôƳƷ
ǱװҪܣ
뵽һȺߵʱ˲١

ǣĻ
йأô᯸ʵ
ӳйص񻰴˵Ŀ϶ǡ϶¡ȷƺĹϵҲС칷ʳ¡ȴ˵Ӱ϶롮϶¡ȣңҲ޹ء⻹治˵
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ҲЦᯣѾ㹻ˣ̫̰ˡ

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ȻҲ˵׼ȻĪ⣬˭ܹ׼أ
ףһĴȣôˣԼнָˣͨ࿴׼Сû׼ܹ׼أ
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һϲڲ6㣬Сʱ֮ǡ8㣬ʱոպá
С䣬ȷ𣿡ȷϵ
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˼һ̫ˣһװɹˣڻټһƣҪҪô˧
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ϼӱƣֱװƵ߾磡
۲Ц׼ʱƳƷͿˡ
ȥȥǶʲô˵а취Ǿа취ֻҺܺ淲ʲôİ취


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ҷˣװװĸ߶ȣҲò
ҿڽһ£һĳˣһƾ̫ɹˡ
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ڣ鼴ǶԲ뵽С
ԣȫضѷ׷չжȡƶ׼С

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ѦĽסһƷߴʱҲƣֻǵ飬ȴҹһ
һöõˣԽԽáˣԽԽ
ѦĽסһƷǵ飬עҪԽԽˡ

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ˣƲѾʼɢٹӣҪˡС˵
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ԭҲһʫģֻڡҲգոѳΪʫеˣǷǳУҲֻĳνͬп
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ʮ Ǹ˭
ƣģӯ꾣šԡǧġǡǧġǰľ䡣
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ġڡӡ롶̫
仰ǿԿԴǳת
ҲԵ֪ڣɫģǻɫģãã棬һƬ硣
˵κ˿仰ӿһĺ飬ǵһο仰ֱɻǿࡣ
ʱˣһ૵仰ɫԽԽԽԽ
ã˲ǿѹԼеͼ֪βɷֻҪһѧ硢ʷĻ綼һ
ֻΪ֣ģ
ֻΪһ䣺ƣģ
ֻΪԶʱӴ˽Ϊģ
ŶõȵڿʼһѾʼ
ţģ뷲ֵˣǸʱĹ£ǿҵĺڴ֮󣬿ɷΪǽҿʱɴʵ
Ȼһʷ׳ʵʱڽһһһҡ
лʱˡ˵
һεרãҲ˽ʱԵĽУרʽ
רȻˣһרõ͵ȴŸոտʼ
ϡ
ޣһġ֣˶ȼ
Ҳȼˣ֣˶ǸʱĹ㽣ԭġԶʱҪȼ̫ˡ
ٺ٣Ӵ˿̿ʼ񻰴˵¸ȤˣҪ֮ǰҪ˲٣ЩרоĻʷѧǣɵúúøлһ˼
ӡաʼǾ͵úúøлˡ˵һԵţͯһʲôʫڵ񻰣ǳˡ
˵һҲĻʵ֮£ļٵģ˺һţƣ
Ҳ̫ţûҪƭǰӦþˡô˭أ
Ҷһ»˭
᲻ǡ


ǡ
᯸Ҳڿרֱ
ĻͽרƵƵͷ̾ѣܹдա롶϶¡ˣ񻰴˵Ļһ˵̽ǱЩϼһﻹҪöࡣ
˵ʱڱΪԶʱʵʱ᯸ǺһЦĵ˵ĿС
ǳͬҲ񻰴˵ĻϵоҪ룬ΪԶʱƷʲôס
ңʷ绹磬Ʒǳͬ񻰴˵ΪԶʱǳ
Ȼ룬᯸ôش𣿻ǷǳȤ֪ġ
Ļشֻ֡
Ȼ֣ȴ᯸Ȼ۾Ķ֣˫ȭա
᯸Ϊ50ͣȫ֪˸ִˣӦòΪʲô̫
Ȼڣ᯸ȴǴδйļ֮֮ǰաʱҪ
ģƣģ
⡭⡭ô뵽ģ
ѡԶʱ͡ġһȣȫûпɱԣβ̫Զˡ
Ҫǣһ񻰴˵Ȥˣġ֣˵ͱö񻰴˵Ȥٻһһ̽ĺġ
⣬ڻ񻰴˵ĻռƶŷǳҪͻ塣
᯸վ˺һֲ֮£ипǧǸⷽ棬ѾԶԶǵǰ档
᯸ǳңһֻ50꣬㹻ʱ䣬ȥ֤ܣҪĺʱ
ʱ᯸ĵ绰ÿҲ֪˭ģȻɡ
ҲڿרֱҲ޷֡

רøսãͺܿ챻ý忯Ǳ
кܶ˶רõֱֳиˣȴΪԭûпֱֳ
ڣһ˸˳
Ľ㣬Ȼԡġ˵һĻʵ֮¡
һ˭ǰйʲôƷ
˵ĺͲ²⣬Щע񻰴ˣҲǳĲ뵽С
ΪⱾһȤζԺܸߵ顣ΣȻע񻰴˵ҲԼϲ߰
˵Ǹߣ᲻ǡþԼϲأ
Ϊ⣬Ҹ߰µ顣
Ҳ˵϶˭˭˭Ǹ˵Ӧ˭˭˭Ŷԡңоٳ֤ݡ
һʱ䣬ò֡


ʮ ˿ģʽ
ʥ塣
ֽӵԪĵ绰ϰ壬ӹǱô˵Ǹڽܲɷʱ˵ǸˣҾúп˵ľǹӹҲӹĻþͻ
һ˵ܰɣӹδûжȤҾɡ

ʡǣЦ־硣
Ԫհѵ绰£ΰȲʵ糤ϰô˵
Ԫ̾һ˵ϰ˵ӹ̫ȤʵֻǹӹҸоϰƺҲȤ
ΰЩʧ˵ȻⲢ⣬ǹӹϰ壬Ȼǳˡʲôģúܵ
Ԫͷ˵ϣӹһȤμӰɣǧѷĻᣬܸоǳź
ΰҲ˭˵أ糤˵еǸߣĻǹӹ𣿡
Ԫܿ϶شӦôˣǿҵĸо

ϣǸߵ˭ۣȻڼ
Բ̳ǣҲͬǸ⡣
˵˵еǸߣûпڵߣ
񻰣ƺûʲô
Уôûйǰӹ˵ǳ˵ͯͯйɣôȻҲйˡ
ô˵ҲԣλڵĻôֻһˡӹ
ǻ˵пǹӹҷ֮ͬǾǶҹʷŷǳоԼдʫӹĿǰΪֹȻֻһסСҲʫ贴츳δؾͻ١
Ҫд϶ȸߵ񻰹£˱ĲŻ֮⣬صϵ伮ǳ˽⡣㣬ӹǳϡ
ô˵пǹӹ


Բ̳ǵۣӹȻҲˣԽԽǾãλ߾ǹӹ
ܹˣ
ǣǷֳһȥϲۣߴҶˣλѾȷˣǾǵĹӹ
һǰӹ΢ӹԡ
ӹ΢ʱûʲôӦϵۣȴ˹
У˵ӹǹӹһ˵Ǽҵء
ǣӹߣƷɱɱģ֪ʲôϵ
ӹȷСֲŮ֪ӹΪǼҷĿԴһЩ

ӹȻҲʾ
УǶʲôǲ֪ǳ˵ͯǲ֪ҲԺ𣿡
ǹӹĳʽƣǾٶȶǳ죬λ߿϶ϧġô˿϶ӹҲǺ顣


ʥ塣
ӹ΢ϵԣԼϹӹǺ˼ҵۣȻǶˡ
ùӹȥԣԪһᵽµʱѾˡ
ֻǣһֱûҵһʵڣѾˡ
16ţͶֹ18ţʱ˵㹻ˡ
׼춯ǰħԽŮѾɱ࣬ʣµĽǺȥѹء
ԣǾѸͶȥĺá
룬½ӹ΢һϢ쿴ǳ֣Ҳ֪˵ǲңһȷȻҲֻǲ׼ƪƷҪϴͶȥȤѣȥ
΢һҲܿʹ硣ϾǽΪȵĻ⡣
ʿӹ΢ݺķӦȻҲǸͬ
ΪϲȻԪ͹ΰ
ãðӹڲˣңһšԪ˵꣬ƲסĹЦɼ֮á
ΰҲͬˣ˷ܵ˵ӹ΢һԺܿͻΪ㣬ƷĲôδϣͽ̨

⣬᯸ӵʷѧҲͬϲ
֮ǰһֱڴ˵λߣܹμδ
˵ʵ֮£ӦþͲ֮¡
һǿҵԤУλ߻Ҳͬᣬ벻ľϲ
ǣǵڴ
ڣǵڴڱΪʵȻǻûпӹĲƷǲģǿƷ֮ʧ
Ϊ˵һ˲Ż֮£ǵһ뵽ˣǹӹ
ǵԽŮʱ𾪣ɲ֮ǰǵС

һڹӹǣڿӹ΢֮Ҳͬ˷ֱܵУ˲ͽ˿ģʽսֱ
ܿϵ֮УȡѹԵơ



ʮ 丸
ڹӹ΢֮ϹǸ˭飬Թӹһȫʤա
ȻⲢ˵֧ߵǣͬǸľǹӹ
ֻǣֵ֧һֱûκαʾ˼ҹӹȴǹ̬ɳΪ˹ӹǣɱҲֻʱεϢġ
ڣֻȹӹƷˣĺܸߣǾֻܳ׵Ϣˡһ㣬ô͵ǵķɡ

⣬һȺ˶ڹӹ΢⣬Ǿһǡ
ղݣӹ˻᲻̫ҸоһЩôȷ˵Ǹ߾
˱һԸˣǰ񻰵˰ɡ
ҿ˿񻰴һ˳˷ͷĽˣ׼ȥһķͷ٣·ͷûɣǶ氡
ϣҪɣϾ

һǵ˼ȻҲһǲ룬¡߸ң֪ӹһΪ˳ͷˣȻ˵ˣôһоԵİղ
еǸߣľ
ôһιӹҪδ̨ˣȷ˷ǳĽ
ֻĽҲûã֪֮ǾдƷ
ǵ˼ΣǶڹӹҪĲƷǷǳĹע

ʥ塣
Թӹ΢֮󣬲ڿӦѡƪƷ
ңԹӹ巢ƪƷ֮Ҳ׼δзµƷˡ
ԭ׼δһʮƪƷһ´ǰʮƺ̫á
ΪһʮƪƷ̫ˣ׳ƣͣ£ټƳƷӰʹﲻѵЧ
ȻˣǾ͵պµ֮ټƳƷɡ
ôδƪƷƪأȱҪ㹻ʣû顣
ţ˼Ƭ̣ܿ˴𰸡
ǣӹĵһƪƷʽ˹ٷͶͨС

ڹӹ΢֮˼ˣˢŴͶͨ
һˢ֮󣬴ҿΪӹƷ丸ա
Ȼǡ丸ա˼һ丸ΪʲôҪգǶĺģԺͺΪʲôҪᲢ۵ġ
ӹѡزģЩԶζ氡
ţ˼ҵ²øߡ
ôͿӹǲ˵ôˣ
ԶʱڱҰУΡΰƵĸɽɽһȺľˡ
ǿ׳ߴ࣬־ǿŷǷһĵ¸ңӡ
ǱΪ丸壬ǵ丸
ʱػ޺Уࡣ丸Ϊʹܹȥÿ춼˸ˮ޲
丸׽׶ĻߣԼֻΪװΣץϻ裬Ϊ١
һǳȣֱ̫ڴϣׯڣɹľɿݡȵܣ丸˷׷ȥ
丸龰ѹͷ̫ˣ̫ʵǿɶҪ׷̫׽ס˵ָӡ
׷Ȱ裬˵̫ôԶ׷ϵģҲ˵̫ôȣѿ丸ġ
Ȼ丸ѾҪ׽ס̫̫Ϊ˷
ǣڵڶ̫ոմӺʱ򣬿丸ˣ¸ҵ̤յ̡
丸һɽһ̫ԽԽ
Ȼ̫Խ丸ԽǸеڿʡȸ˻ƺμˮˮȴԲʡ
ǣ丸ȥݺǧĴһԽĿʡ
Ȼһο丸ʧˣûܵ󣬾ڰ·Ͽˡ
丸ʱ򣬷ǳźԼеľӳȥ
ľصĵطƬде֡ƬïʢΪĹ񡣽ңΪ͵ǽʡ
ǿ丸Ϊһ¡

˰ѡ丸ա꣬ȫڵһʱ䵹һ֮̾
ֻ֮ǰ˼ͬˣĸ̾вͬѡ
᯸ӵʷѧңƲסľϲӹд񻰴˵ʵȻ֮¡
ǰйӹǶڣҪҹ񻰴˵Ŀհײȫ֮ǰǲɵڿǺϣˡ
һڹӹھϲУһظĸо
֮ǰ˼۵ʱ򣬿ʮ㣬ţ죬ʵһЩġ
Ͼӹûд񻰣ͯûд
ںˣӹʵ֤ˣд񻰵ʵȷ֮¡



ʮ 丸յԭ
ʡǣЦ־硣
ԪЦôСˣҾ˵ӹд񻰲֮°ɡڣܸó׵˰ɡ
ΰͬЦ糤ȷҪߣӹһҲȻһ㣬ĻʷĻֲ߶ӣڹӹ˺־˵Ƕ벻ջ񡣡
ȻҲŻôеϣӹȥԪ˵ֺǸпļ˵Դϰ־֮ҸоҪչһ־磬ƺ÷ǳˡ
ΰидĵҲĸоһж˳֮ЩʱЩϰߣЩ̫ʵĸо
ԪЦСˣſɣҸоǵķչŸոտʼ
ΰ֣صĵͷ־δڴ

һڿ˹ӹġ丸ա֮󣬶Īκε̾Ϣ
֮ǰ˼˶̾Ϣֻ̾ϢУЩͬˡ
ڰ̾үȻдҲ㵱ΪʲôҪ簡

֮ǰЩӹ۵ǣʱǳƣƪ丸աֻܳ׵Ϣˡ
ڿ˵Ǹߣǹӹˡ

ȷ丸աһ֮ǰʲô˼ˣòϣӹӦõȷеǸߡ
ΪǿӹƪƷƷŷǳƵĸоҲѾǧʵĸо
ô˽Ŀ⣬ȻȻľ䵽ˣ丸աƪ񻰱֮ϡ
ԭǿ丸յĹ£ֻǿϧ丸Ȼˡ
ƺһ̫񻰴˵
첻ǲ˵񻰴˵ıġġ϶¡ǣڵġ丸աҲǡ˵丸Ϊ˲ܿģﲻˣ
¥ϵ˵ĲֻǣҾƪ񻰣Ǳô򵥡
ûô򵥣ᰡ丸Ϊ˲ܿ࣬ȥ׽ס̫˷ȴûгɹˡʱ䡢ص㡢¼¼ԭ򡢽ȶúû˲ĵطӦþô򵥰
ֻ֪һָо
ڿ˼ȥôʲôʲô⣬Ȼרѧȥоǰſͺˡ
ðɣ˵õȷе


丸աûʲô⣿
Ļֻܸ㣬ĿԻһЩ
ʵϣǰʱ򣬸ڡ丸աжֽطǸġ
Ǿǿ丸նԼ丸֮
жԿ丸նĽҲƪ񻰵ڡ
ֻ׼Խʷѧǣڿƪ֮ȻȥĽ
ڸרһ᲻ڽϴ飿͹ܲôˡ
ңĳ˵ͻġΪ飬ҲŻ᲻ͣȥѰµ֤ݣоŻԽԽ롣
丸֮棬Ϊڡ丸աĴ˵У丸ǿġһ˵У丸ǱӦɱġ
һ˵׼Թӹ巢ĵڶƪҲδһƪƷ
ȵٷڶƪƷ

һͨѻֻã丸աûб濴ô򵥣᯸ӵʷѧǣǳĸоӦÿԴƪУĶ
ʱӵİ칫᯸Լ⼸רңǡþ⡣
һλר˵ڿ丸յĴ˵丸ΪҪȥ׽ס̫пֻһַ丸Ҫ׽סĲ̫ǻ֡
Ƕ֪Զʱǿ϶ûջԴҲ֪ʳǸʱӦöʳʳ
ȻһУǳ˻𿾺ʳʱͷ˻ĺôȻջԴ
ôҪܹȡأ
ʱǿϵ̫ģΪһǻ֡丸Ϊ죬Ǿȥȡ֣Ҳ׷յĶ
ֻǿϧ丸ʧˡҲǡ÷ӦˣǵջԴḶ́һѡḶ́
λרҵ˵Ҳֻǣ϶˻вͬ
ȻλרҸ˵꣬ӾͽӿڵΪпǣ丸˽еһΣĲǨ㡣
֪Զʱڣκһ壬һط൱ʱ䣬ԭʼģƻԵͶضʹԴܵƻڿݽߡ
£ܹõʳʣԽԽ޷㲿
ôΨһĽ취ֻǨ㡣ƾӵµĵطԻµʡ
һΣ丸ѡǨյ㣬һ·ȥ̫µĵطخȡ
ֻһεǨʧˣ丸ĲǨ;СҲøǷӦˣʱǳӡ
ܲɷ˵ʱͼӵ滷Żᵮ񻰣⣬ǡ丸աҪԭ򡣡



ʮ һƪƷش
˵꣬ļλרң˼ĵͷǶȽ丸աƺָ˵ˡ
ȻͬȻС
᯸˵ĲǨұȽͬΪǨĿģҪΪѰˮԴ
ƪƷƺˮԴûʲôϵϸ˼һ£ͻᷢжᵽ丸յĹУǸеڿʣһԽԽʣںȸˣƺμˮˮ֮󣬻ʡǰˮ·ϡ
˵丸֮ԻΪȱˮܾܿ˵丸Ĳ壬ΪȱˮǨ㣬Ҳʧˡ
˵丸յĿģʵΪˮ
᯸ⷬƺҲǳе᯸֮󣬻ר˲ͬĹ۵㡣
һλרΪ丸ԶʱһʦֻһʽʽΪꡣֻǿϧ丸һΣС
ôˣȻλרҵĽеô˭Ľӽӽʵأ
ֻЩԣȫԣ
Ҫش⣬Ҫܳʱ䣬ֻԶд𰸡
ȻҲȥѯ߹ӹĿ
Ϊ߹ӹҲд𰸡
Ϊӹд丸աҲصĿ֤ϣԼɡҲ˵丸աĹγ˵ģǹӹ۴Ʒ
˵ӹӦҲûд𰸡ȻӹȻԼĽǵǿΪο
⣬֮ǰרǾǵĽȫϣôҶܹ֪丸աЩ£ҲôҶܹ뵽۵С

ĻѼλרҶڡ丸աĽڹϺ󣬵һʱͱѿȻһ顣
Ҿ˵ƪ񻰲Ǳô򵥰ɣҵĸоȻûд
丸ԭΪ˻֣ӦþˡȻ丸ʧˣôԶʱڣ˭˻Դأ
пΪ˻֣Ϊ᯽ڵġѰˮԴһ˵Ϊǡûлͬ棬ûˮǾ治ȥġԣ֧᯽ڵĽ
ôڵĲǨ˵ǡء丸ʵǿ丸ˣ̫µĵطǨ㡣
ʵɣҾЩ˵еֱȥʹӹˡ
ҵΪӹҲд𰸣Ϊⲻȫǹӹ۴Ʒ϶ҲԼĽˡ

λרҵĽ֧֣ЩѸԼĽҪϧʱ䣬粻Ҫȵȡ
Σ丸աһۺͲϡԤһҲҪЧ
ʱ򣬹ӹ΢½ʼˣѯڡ丸աʲôԣǡ΢ʺ£ҲͬƵԡ
ҵĿǻСЩԣ˵
ȻҲԼĿ᯸Ľ࣬Ǿǿ丸յĿΪˮ
ԭ丸֮йأҲҪһƪƷ
һƪƷ֮󣬻ͻڵСһЩ
Ҳпʹøġ
Ͼ񻰴˵飬һֱûͣЪ
룬Թӹ΢һЩ˵һʵҲûд𰸡ȻҲԼĽʲôӵĽһҵĵڶƪƷ𣬴Ҿڴ
ڶƪƷӹ΢һ˲˲˵һⲻ˵ġ
ң΢ɹĹеĺģ˾˼õڶƪƷѵġա롶϶¡һ⡶丸աҲк£
ֻ˵丸ʵûһƪĺƷУ丸ɹҪ飿
ӹ˼丸յĿĻ治Ϊ̫Ϊʲô죬µ񻰹¸ǣ
ô˼һزĻ丸йأ
ǲҪôˣ쿴ɡ
ȥȥһ˭µ׼˼𣿡
ȷҶ˵˵ԼĿϴκһӣο丸òҲһӰɣ
ղݣòƺеӡ
ãѵֻ𣿲ǽ㡢ãֻС֮ڵģ
Сӣٺ٣С

ǵĲѾ¥ˡ

ֻͨѣ᯸ӵרǣ˹ӹ΢֮ҲǺ棬ѵһ˵丸йأ
ôһ˵أ
λר΢üͷϸţЩ֪ɢزƬϣܹҵ𰸡



ʮ Ӧ˵
1217ŵ㣬еڴ֮£ӹĵڶƪƷڳ˹ͶС
ƷΪӦ˵
Ʒ֮˵ĺһӦоţƵӡ
Ȼֻһִ˵еޣÿ˵УŲͬѰĵλ
ֻǣܶ඼ֻ֪֪Ҫֺܶ֡ڵġӦ֮ǰȻҲǲ֪ˡ
Ȼǵһ˵Ӧƾ˼֣˾͸оӦҪͨţƵӡ
ȻҲ˶û˵Ӧ
ӵİ칫᯸ͷһЩ伮ϵȷйӦļأƺԶʱڵһЩսֻؼɲ꣬˷ǳźѵӦ丸йأ
ҲӦôˣȥ֪ˡ
мأˮ껯Ϊԣǧ껯ΪΪǧΪӦ
Ӧ˫ͷǼ⣬ǡĿСۿüߣǰͻ𣬾ϸβⳤ֫ǿ׳һֻ
ӦΪƵˮսͬʱҲϽŻƵ۲ˮԴ
Ӧǻʵ۵ĵսΪƵ¹ູͣնɱ丸Ϊ
ȻӦҲΪսҲɻͥȻϷݾɽ
ӦоϷﻪãתƣһת۾͵˴ʱ
ʱˮ죬Ϳ̿縺ȲΣӦҲǰæβɨأ赼ˮ湦

ƪӦ˵ƪ̣ݣȴǾ춯أÿһˣԾȡ
Ȼֲȫͷţȫѹļ䣬һּ䲻ˬĸо
һжΪƪƷᵽ˻ƵۣᵽӦŻƵĴսնɱ丸ᵽӦˮ
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УȻӦ˵ᵽ˿丸Ǿ֤϶ûзˣ벻ôˣʵʵĵſרǵķɡ
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ĥţѧǲƷԣǷǳ͵ġ

ʮ֮󣬹ѧĺɽ࣬ǰ̻صԵ̨ǰѾѡʳģ׼ʼʳġ
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ڹѧĵü⣬ʵô֪ʦмɰգ
ʱ⣬ǲ̫ʵģѧüͷ壬ϸĴһۣϳ˵Ц֮⣬һֵȻŵʣһֻĪ֮С
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չüͷ˹֣һʧ񡱣֮̾һ˵ʦϵİգҵĻʵĳɰա
ͷʦ۹⣬ȻóѧĵʤֻĳɣҲ׼ֵԭ
Ц˵а취ٷ֮ٻʤ𣿡
ѧһҰٷ֮ٻʤİ취ôܣ
ѧȻǲŵģԷϵʣиоԷƺа취룬˵ʵ˵Ҳţѡš
ǺһЦû뵽Էش𣬱˵ոί˵ǿ׼ʳģ԰ɣ
ѧĵͷȷʱֻаСʱҲֻھƵѡңħƵʳѾˣԼȥﱸҲҳħƵõʳġ
ͷ˵ôͿˣҲȥѰʳģһ㣬֤ٷ֮Ӯñ
˵꣬ϷƵĴóһһҵ㣬ڹѧǰİϡ
ѧĵ۾ʱɵϴһֱȴûп壬ôóһģ



ʮ Ӯˣ
ѧûпǴó㣬Ҳûо£Էһħķɡ
ȻڵصҲôģٷ֮ٻʤ
ѧĶǰϵ㿴ȥһ۾ʱϿ;һ㣬Ҫǣƺһ鶯֮УѰ֮㡣
ѧĵʦô꣬δ㡣Ѱ˼ǰ˭ǴŪģȵȣһʱ䣬һִԡ
ѧͻȻϵһԣ˵Եũׯβһ㣬ѵζʲôġ
Щԣѧǲôŵġڿ㣬Ҳ˵ζ봫еĺƣѵԵũׯôѵǣ
ѧ뵽д󾪣ȻʶԵũׯׯҲûԵũׯׯƬȴϢ˵Եũׯׯһλʮˡ
ټǰϵʣѧĴʱѾȷǰԵũׯׯ
գѧĹʵʿ
ЦЦûҲϣֻʵôʦмɰգ
ѧ־ϲ൱ڶԷѾĬʮɰա
ͷ˵ôҾͲŹʦˡ
ѧæлĳʧ
ٴεͷ뿪̨뵽ȺС
ˣѧܵģͶ뵽ʳĵ׼С

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ԻȻûȴв˶ˣһڹʦ̨ǰ͹ʦ˵˺һ
һ˻ˣ˲֪ʲôطһʦ
ֻǴڲûж룬ΪŵıϾҪʼˡ
һ̨æ׼ʳĵɽ࣬ȻҲһˣһѧġֻҲûж룬Ϊǿǹѧĵ֣һ
ѧģֻⳡűеһСûκεĲ

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ʮʱܿȥλʦҲѾá
ڣõ㣬Ѿίǰĳϡ
λʦʹõĸģԼȻͬĳƷ˵࣬ȴǲ£༫ѣ˼˲ʳ˲Ծĭ
ʱֳȫί̨ϵʳԼλί˭ʤ˭Ҫλίˡ
λίŷǰʳҲ۾˵ʳרң˵ĳԻǱȳ˸Եֵʳջ
Ȼί˵Ļȴǲ١
ȫ˵λʦ㣬ҲˣϿλʦǾԵĴҡôھͿζˣλί᱾ŹƽԭСڣɽʦǽһˣ룡
ɽʱվί̨ϣֱߣλίǰ΢΢һ漴ſʼԼһ˵ĲʲôȵȣȻǺףȴоӡ
ɽ꣬ѧҲͬĲˣ˽ܡֻܱɽҪࡣ
λʦϣôίԳԺˡ
ⳡʤҲΪؼʱ̡
ֳ˶Ѿ￪ʼĬĬ
룡
룡
λί໥˵롱ȺǰĿӣҲ֪ǲԼõģλίѡԳɽ㡣
һСŽܿ죬˵Ͼ¶ϲɫ֮󣬾Ȼ鲻Խı۾һζܵģ
˼λί̬ⷬﲻ⡱һ£ղݣλίһģζƺǳǧҪ˰
һȺ˼ȴֵ⣬ɣҲֻɽʦĲˣǵίһӮˡ
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֮ǰѧĶȻڣȴֻǵһЦ˵ɽѵΪԼӮ˲ɣ
ɽûڹѧϣҪı飬Щˬһ˵Ϊʵˡ
ѧȴɵЦǻίƷ֪֮
ɽһ޷Ǿһʱѡ
Ȼһ



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λίеζ̲꣬סļ˼ԣ֮һ˵ţǳɽʦ㣬ʶȣ۶Խ㣬ζȷʵǼƷζ
ۿν൱֮ߣɽҲѵõǫ䡣Ȼǫ飬ȴһȻɫ
Ȼ󻹲ٴƵĿ˹ѧһۣ˵Ȼˣô뼸λίʦ֮һʤɡ
⻰ʱڳһɧҡ𣬲ߺޣС˵ɪëԼӮƵġУίҲǣԾͳ԰ɣôһģ֮ߣⲻ͸˼ҵɪôҪƽڽϹƽСӮˣֻΪѵ˵һ䣬ɽʦ΢ʤˣ̬ⷬǸë
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ħѧһļˣ֮ȴЩɻ󣬡ףʦôôˣ֮ǰ˵Լûж𣿡
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룡λίͬʱ˵
λίӣҲͬǸԼһСѧ⣬Ž
ʱλί۾Ȼɵϴ໥㿴ңҿ㣬ȫڶԷ˲˼֮ɫ
ѵոֻǴô˵ζһԡλί
漴ȫѸٵٴμһ⣬ȻȲķŽ
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һǿǰһλɫڳԡһ㡣
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ڣҲǳȥһӡҪ֪ôһ˿ɾûˡ
λίڳֳˡɽࡢѧҲǸ˼һʱ䣬Ҳȫûȥλί
˺һ֮ȨĿ̾ڲ֪ǰЩ㶼׳ˡʦȻգΪε˿̲ó
һλίҲ˵ǰʦǰҲԹˣζȻҲǼһȣмȴһ蹵ûȰ
ѧһæʵôóԣ
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˵꣬Ҳίͬ⣬һ˫δʹõĿӣһͷŽ
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ֳȻ̫ͬףѧΪʲô֪Լʲôζ
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˶پһ˷ܣ˵ѹɽ࣬ƺܰɣ
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˵꣬Ҳͬһ˫δʹùĿӣһѧ⣬Ž
󡭡ͼɽϣֳһ临ӵɫоϲв˼飬в⣬зߺޣȵȡ
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ɽɫӵĽһֻ꣬ԣԣܣܡ
ѧȴ˷ܣֻӮⳡΪԼ㣬Զеζ
Եũׯ㣬ȴеĸ档
漴ֿɽʧǵģиˬȻȴֻǵɽʦⳡ˭Ӯˣ
ɽಢûлشѧģȻԣǹѧҲʤһΪʲôأʳıԵʣʲôʳζʳģȵȡ
ɽʱȻڱ׼ڼ䣬һ˸ѧһ㣬ѵΪԭ
뵽ɽ˵ʦⳡȷӮˣԶʤҡǣⲻΪ㱾ʵΪʳıԵʣΪǸ˸͵һ𣿡
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ȻǸոմɽɫϣѾ³һЩʲôվȷ
ɽ׿ڳˣλѹԼ
ʦȻӮˣ̫ˣ
ǰҸоǰѾһɨˡ
ѽӮĸоˬҿ쿴Ⱥ˵ɫ൱ʰ

ڣֳһȺ˵ɫȷʣǵɴ۾ί̨ϵɽ࣬ǰһ̻ɽ࣬ôȴǲίԼǰˣ
ѵǹѧ㣬ôζ
Уɽ˵ѧ֮ԻӮȫΪһ˸һ㣬ô£
ȻⲻֻȺֳ֪еˣҲ֪⡣
ЩýʿҲǳȤ׷װѾͷ׼ѧģλش
ѾȷⳡӮˣǱļֻˡ
λίɽ໰Ҳ룬ѵΪ㱾Եʣ
漴ҲɻŤͷѧġ
ѧĿֳ˵Ŀ⣬ͻȻȫеԼϣЩһЩš
ոɽһҲǹ䣬ѧŬԼƽһЩ˵ɽʦ˵û֮ԻӮΪҵĳձһǸոһλˣһңӮⳡ
ʹʦλ˭ΪʲôҪ㣿ʲôΪʲôһܹʤѧĵĻ˵꣬ɽ໹δ˵ļȴ˷ܵʻˣһһ˺ü⡣
ѾԤе벻ջ
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ԵũׯޣħʲôʱԵũׯˣ
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Ӳ˲麹ֺеӡ󣬲ƽʱעǣԡ
費áұ󺣡
Щϲĸˡ
Ǿ͵ˣЩȫһдģǸ˾ͽ
ЩȫдģҾȻûע⡣ոյԵũׯׯô£
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㳡һɧʱȺв֪˭ֺһڲỹֳû߰ɣ
һֳɧͣҲʱļž˾룬ܣӸոλʦ׼ϵڣҲǰСʱһʱ䣬пܻûߡô
ǣݵļžֳ֮˸ɧȫ۾ɨܣϣܹȺе
Щ˷ܣǿʦܹɷõʦͷͷ֮⣬ְнԲ롣
Ҫ֪ʦûнܹκһý壬κһʽĲɷá
֮ǰܳһʱʦݶǷǳصģȫˡýҪѰʦȴʼûԸ
ֱԵũׯҵʦݲˮ棬ȻûйٷʽȷϣʦԵũׯׯͬһˣҶ֪Ӧðٷ֮ʵ
Ȼʦݸˮ棬ԵũׯҲȥļߣȴʼջûܹɷõʦ
˭ܹɷõҵõ׿ڳϣֽλʦλȦڵĵλˮǴߡ
뵽Щֳļͬ־εˣҲȺзѰӰ
ʱҲ˲ñˡ

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ѧȻûŪףΪʲô֪Ǹˣпܾ󣬻ôķӦ
һ˼ֻԵũׯׯһݣ˼һǶʦ
ɽȴǲʲôʲôʦĿƵĿŹѧģʵʦ˵ԵũׯԵũׯʲôطУԵũׯ㶼𣿡
ͬΪʦѧܹɽʱ̬ǶԼƷʳĵ׷ͷʥ塢Եũׯɽࡣ
ɽһʵĵлƵĿУѿһվӦþԵũׯ
λίѾѧǷ꣬ⳡĽҲѾˡ
Ǵʱȴ˿ûҪ뿪˼ŹѧģȥŪ㣬Ը⻨߼ԡ
ѧЦܹõһ㣬ѾǻԵˣֵȥŪ
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Ȼ粻˳٣ͳΣʣµλί˵
ǾˡȨͬʱ˵ʳջ޷ܾġ

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⣬֪ͨոյ飬ħϢӦѾ¶ˣıֳиýǰ
Դˣ⣬Ѿʱ򹫿ϣִʦˡ

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ʦһĵ͵˶̾Ϣ
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˳ģӣαҲĹע
ȻҲǴȥѹȫӮ򣬽ڸǰҪǣԲʦ
뵽ħѧһı˶پѹɽ
ǶѪյˣѹ֮£Ҳȼ˸ǿҵĶ־
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⻰һ۾ƺܰ
УЩýʿ۾ǸоְнȦڵλˮǴߵĻᣬƺûȫߡ



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뿪ֳ󣬱ûĵ飬ǾֱȥӰ
ӰڣɻЩףǸĸܷܷ֮ɫȻ΢΢һ졣ԭٶһµòе뷨
֮ɵһ֮ɹͬҡ
ڣйԱڶõƬм
Щ֮ǰͺ͹ԱͨٲġһιҪǶԱ֡ЧãԼЧаѿء

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ڱȻĻϲḶ́Ȼ˽ֵ
ʦ֮£ഫһԽԽа
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˵ʦˣ̿ѧųȵȡ
ж˵Ҳ֪Щ˵ȫסʦ鱾Ӧʵġ
ô˵ʦħң컹пܻħѧӣһıֳ
һϢħеýϲһɷʦľѻᣬץסˣǡٺ٣
ħеý壬Ѿʼ

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Ǹ°ʱˣӰˣڻؾƵĽֵϡ
֡°ࡱĸооϤİпŲҲԽԽΧɫҴҵ˳ԵЩ롣
˺һ֮̾һǰȴһ
ص鶼ƵʱѾҪˣڲԹصסķ֮С
죬Ļٰ񻰴˵ĽҲѾ¯ϣ϶¡һǡաӦ˵Լ丸ա
ڵ嵽ʮǵƷУѦĽסһƷƷҲҲǵһ㰲οɡ

һҹ޻ڶ죬1220ţ𴲡
ĹһǰӰСԽŮӾĺ
Ȼ֮ǰȥһ£ħѧӣıֳ
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ħѧħõĴѧȫΧڣҲǰĴڣģʦӲʩԲض˵Уѧǳ10ˡ
ѧУǰһվѧﲻУԽУŵѧӶࡣ
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˵˵̶ֳȵıʦ˵ûʲôġ£ԶΪȻʦȥˣȷҲпܻġ
ٺ٣ϣ˰Ҷʦڴɱȶڱڴʤء




ʮ ɽع
ʮԽԽֳĹҲԽΧԽ࣬վȺһ˵۾һֱȺʲô
ĻӦþˡֳʵ̫࣬ҲϤòվ˷
ЩýʿǲͣĴȺУϣӰȻҲϤòţĻܹġ
ڣʱı̨ϣ˫Ĳѡ־ѾλΪ׼
ⳡȽ⣬˫ֹһѡ֣һŶӹͬ
ħѧȻѧľӢǡ
ӣǱߣǼӣԱΪ
ıĿҲȽ⣬˵Ǳ滭Ǳ˭øãǸݳߵҪ滭˭ø⡣
ڳߣ˵ħ滭ЭһλңħѧУԳ棬Űλ붯ġ
һʲôĿҲֳ۵Ľ֮һЩ档
ʱŵʮֳ֣ͻȻһɧ
٣쿴ˣȻϣԲ鰡̷УԳġ
ǵȻϿǹңҲ̷Уӡ
ףֹϣϡտҲǹҰôˣһǹٷС
ղݣϣҲˡ˵ֻһλô϶ˣʲô
ף̷УôҲ̨ˣ
УϡϡλҶˣ̷УҲȥ㣿
ȥʲôʦ󣬽λҡ˲Ƹ񰡣

ֳɧֻΪ̨߳λҡңƹŴǪ
̨ϿȥֻλʵҲϣ60ҵͣǳӲʣ·磬ͷҲм˿Ұף۲
λҵĴ֮ǰȻҲģֻż˶ѡ
λħѧУ̷룬ߵ̨ĳ
ֱʱֳ˶ûиΪʲôλһһ
˫ѡǣʱҲǳ㵣ҵĸ磬ǲеˣ
㵹㵣˫ѡǷ׷ڵһʱȥ
ӣļҲ֪ܵǱֳЩĲͺ߳ѧУˡ
һýʿеЩϲ˿ǽʦûǰҲڰһˡ
ʱʮ㣬̨ϵͲʾֳ΢һЩϾҪʼˡ
˵Ŀ̷֮УӹͲ˵֪϶ɻôϡϡλҶˣ
ʵԭܼ򵥣ûдôӣǾλңżһڻ滭Ȥ⣬ǡǽôһλȤһˡ
ԣıĿֱλҡ˫ѡֶˣλҶǵĿ
ȻĲǵĻ滭ףͷԵáȿ滭׸ѣԣǱý߾ȫ
̷Уһǽֳеɻ
ԭֻλȤûʲôƵԭ
˵ɻ⣬ȴǸߡ
λҵżʲôȤ⣬λҵȤôߣ
ӦǷǳȤͬʱַǳѵɣ
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ֺˣܵôָһǻ
ֻǣλҵĿô򵥵ģ
У˷֮Ҳܽš
ӣǱߵѡǣҲͬ˷ܣҪܵŻλҵ棬Ӯ˶Щѧӣ˼
ȻˣǶҲø
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ʱλеƹƺ˫ѡֵĽţͰһЦ˵ʵؽţ˵ǽǣǻ˵ǹ̽һ
ΪǴҪĿȻĿԼʵԼûĴ𰸡
ǣᣬԹ˵Ĵ𰸡ĻǻҪлء⣬ʵҲǽԭ֮һ
ƹ⻰ôһ㶣ĻǼٵģλԼҲûĴ𰸣ҲѰ𰸵⣿
˵Ӧǲܵģƹ¸أûҪΪ˰οѡֶ˵
ʵӦǣλʵԼ𰸣뿴һ᲻ỹиõĴ𰸣
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ʲô˫ѡǣƹĻ֮󣬵ȷƽôˡ
ƹ״ЦȻˣͿʼɡһҵ⣬Ҫ˫ĿҪСҶ
ƹеСҶ̨ϵˣҶ
Ҷ˵õģϡ
漴ߵ̨ϵһ̨ǰһƹĿĿ˱̨󷽵ĴҺϡ
˫ĲѡԼֳˣܹĿ
ƹĿĿֻм֣
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ٰʮ ƽ֣
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ҲףѵҪ˫Ļ滭ף
ϼȻ˵˲滭ףǾһῼӰʲôɡ

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·̨ۣ˫ĲѡҲ໥ۡ
ħѧߡ
ô
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ţÿ˶ϸ룬Ȼ󶼰Լ뷨ʱϹĿ
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ӣǱߵĶԻħѧ߲࣬Ҳ֪䡰ء֣Ĺؼ
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̨ϣƹŴǪԼ̷УˣҲ໥ڵۡ
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ҲͬҺϿȥѡڶڻɽ룬ִ
ԿóÿһΪѡֶһĻ滭ףӦҲ¹๤ġ
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βأصúòã
ȻĹؼ֮·ȫ۾µĿѡ±ʣͬʱҲڵۡ
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뷨ãϧ⡣Ϊһ̴Ѳ֤һ£Ҳпɽֵ˼
еôλͬѧľͲ¶ͤԷһǣӦÿóһ˰ɡ

ҺϣѡǵƷγɡ
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ƹλԼ̷УҲתŴҺĻʱ΢΢ͷʱҡͷʱʱ䡣
ֹ˼ӣѡͣʣƷѾɡ
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ʱ˵ˣ˫ƷѾɡôھλҵС
ƹŴǪ˿ѡɵƷ΢ЦŲסͷʵЩʧġ
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ƹ˵֮ǰ˵ⲻ滭ףֻѡǶĿ⡣ڣѡֵƷҶѾˣܵ˵ҵĴⶼ㲻ȿߵƷ
ƹѡǵƷһһ˵ԣҿһ˫ƽ֡
ƽ֣
˫ѡǣ໥˼֮󣬾һƽֵз
·ˣһ֮Ҳƽֵз뷨ˣҲƹжǡ
ƽǿδءȺУһЦ



ٰʮһ ܲĴ
һ⣬ƹѾ˫ƽ֣˫ѡҲѾз
ȻʱһͻأȺ𣬡ΪһԷֳʤ
˭˭˵
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ղݣɶ˼ΪӦСǱӮ
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ӣȴ¶ϲɫ
ǳȴȴˣ̫ˣ
ȴһиõĴ⡣
ǰһҪӮ
ƹŴǪ̷üͷ΢΢һ壬໥俴˿ȴʱû˵ʲô
ʱȺ߳һ30꣬ӲߣݣƬ˲̫İֺӡ
ոյĻ˵ġ
߳Ⱥ̤ϱ̨ǺӣļһȻߵλ̷ĳǰ΢΢һ˵ȴ̫λң̷У
λ̷ͷ֮ƹ˵ȴո˵һԷֳʤѵǳȴиõĴ𰸡
ȴ̫΢΢һЦ˵ҵȷиõĴ𰸣԰ӣȡʤңձ˫Ԯæԣ׼Ҵӣ磬μһı
ȴ̫Ļ·ը˹
ղݣС˭ܴ
괿ǳװưոôһ𻭣ڻҪôҵ㻭
װƣϧСˣѧУǲῴġ
ǣϽװˡ㻹ܻ仨ɣ

·ըըձ򣬳ȴ̫ȷԴӣһ
Ϊʲôողһ
˵ȴ̫ΪװƣڵҲӣŴӦǰֳ
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ƹӦʣȴ̫ϣʱֳ˷֮ɫֳôˣкܶ඼ഺӣװˬ
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аգΪ֮ǰ˼ʱһ뵽һܺõĴ⡣
ӣһ˵ϣҲֳͬ˷֮ɫ
Ǽȴ̫ٳٲΪȴ̫Ըֻ֣ûкõĴ⣬Ѿƽֵʵ
ȴ˭֪ȴ̫ͻȻһϲȻȴ̫Ը֣ôһбʤİա
һӣʤˡ
ħѧⷽĲѡǣȫһĵ˷ܸʲôܹ뵽Ĵ⣬඼ǻˡʲôȴܻʲôǳͷˣװˡߺߣ²ȥ̨Ҫô
ӣһѡȣħѧԹۡ
ȴ̫ȴǲ˫񣬺˷ܵߵӣһߣʿʼ
ֻһԱ̨󷽵Һ
װõȷ
ȴ̫Ļ滭ٶȺܿ죬ʱ䣬һͦΡĴɽѾ͡
Ĳ˵滭ȷѾһ裬Զ֮ǰЩѡܹȵġ
ƹλңҲϿɵĵ˵ͷ
Ҳ˵ͷڳȴ̫Ļ滭ױʾͬ֡ء֣ҲЩ档
Ȼֳȴǲʲô滭ײ׵ģ²˵
ӴһΪʲôȴʲôأһɽҪһǣ̣
ǰСӴţƴףĶһΪжء
Σװ˧ˣô˿˧
Уװˣ²ȥ̨ҲˡΪװƸ²ȥ̨Ǻαأ

·²۲ϣȻţ²۵ȴԽԽС˵ɫҲԽԽѿ
ΪѾ𽥲³˳ȴ̫Ĵ⡣
ң͹۵˵䴴ȷܲ
ƹŴǪλҵһ˿ȡ
Ҳ˵ͷ
ֻȴ̫ĻϣԴΡĴɽ֮УһΧƵĺ֡
ˮ̿Ⱦָ峺͸ںһǣ峺ˮһģĵӰǵӰȻһǡ
⡭
ȷһǳĴ⣬вûȥͨĵӰӲֳԶһ
ֳɫѿȻǲԸϣ͹Ͻȴ̫ȷõֳĿеġء֡
֮ǰκһ˵ƷҪã̲סﺰһƯ
ֻϧȴ̫ǵˣӣ硣
һӣӮˣ˶̾Ϣ



ٰʮ 
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ʱȴ̫վԼĻԱߣѾֳܵеľȣǵ⣬޲ôЦ
ȻȴһƵģ
ӣȻѹƵûдгȴȫ˷ܵɫһ⣬Ӯˡ
漴ȫƵĿˣħѧһĲѡһֱۣħѧһѡ
Ȼħѧһȴûʲô취Ϊȴ̫Ļȷʵǵĸд⡣
ȻһлҪƹС
ʵϣƹ˿˳ȴ̫Ļ֮󣬻ССľϲһ£䴴ȷʵǷǳ
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ȻĽֳ˲ԸܣˣħѧһֻڽıУȡȫʤˡ

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ӵⷬģһ֡ò£ȻһƯȥŮԸǺܻ𱬵֡
λӣŶǣλͬѧʵ
Ա˵Ťͷʵڸ˵
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һһ˵ϻҵȻˣ㿴ȺǵģǺװƵǸӵˣһǷӣΪԼ˧ƵģȥһŰ
˵һȵĶȰڶĻȲ󣬵źѸ٣һ˫߸ЬҪߵĳϣζƻ治ܡ
һ֮ƺ߳ȥ˲٣ٴŤͷһʱߺߵ˵㾹ȻЦӮˣ㻹Ц㿴ȥƺѧǿ϶ͲѧУˡ㡭㡭㡭ѵǵˣ
˵꣬۾ɵϴֱƺֻҪشһǡ֣ô³ͻǳҡ
ʱͷߣɵʲô񰡣ǷһӲĳ࣬ǵ
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⻰ûˣȴǺߵⲻϻؼˣǸװƵĵ˵Ļȷߵĺá
ҡҡͷĪ˵Ϊһûг֣ҳֵĻַӾǸװƵĵˣԼ̨Ȼǲ׳ֵġ˵ӣħѧģ𣿡
󣬺ǱĵĿһۣԣղŵĻǾǴţӡ
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ҡҡͷ˵̫ϧˣͿȥǸװƵĵˡ
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ӵֳһ˿ɻ˵ǲӦģͻȻָоƺа취
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ӼͻȻһһģиԻһԥͰ쵽ǰ̯
֣ĵͷ˵ţױ˳֣˵裬֬
ӻΪҪ˵ʲôأûȴڿֺÿʱЩյĵһۣջȥ
ȴǹһЦӵֻδջȥǳѸٵĽһʲôУһץסӵָĺ£ʹ佫ġ
֮ص˵˽ƣ򲻿͵ǰȥøħѧһĲѡǣŤתǬ
ӵֺȻ䱻ץסӿһĸоʱߺص˵ʲôƣּգߣٰζͷ
ܿջ֣ӳһҲѸջ֣ĵȷöңӦòǹռұ˲Ŷԣʲô
ţ̯ƣԼϿȥʱЩЦãĶһңɫǳľºÿ



ٰʮ ֹ
ƣеĽң̫ȷʵ
ͷ˵ȻЩȥɣҿƺҪӣʤˡ
ӿȻҧƺѾ˾
ã㣡˵꣬תŸ߸Ь첽ų̋ķȥӰȡ

̨ϡ
ƹͳȴ̫Ļһ֮󣬳ȴ̫Ƿȴǫлƴҵޣȴ׳ˡ֪ƴڿɷһӣʤˣ
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һ£ϣһ£һЩӱ̨·
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ȺķֿһĲƯӣ˵ǰ
ʱе۾һղݣŮ
ףǳСҪɶ
ǳСǧҪֺԻˣء

СЦҡҡͷû뵽Ǹɵ椣ȴġ

СȺ̤ϱ̨ߵƹĳǰһ֮˵ϣһ߻ơ
ƣǱ̨˫Ĳѡ֣·ֳˣ·ɱŮ˵ʲôƣɵһ㶡
ʶС˸Ǵ㵡
ûɣ椻ƣ
û椵ƲǰЩˣӱ̨ɣ
ȷпܡ


Ŷ𣿡ƹǰ˵Ůͬѧûµ˵ҲȤ֪˵ָʲô
Ҳ˶֪⣬ȻСһ仰ȴ˰ֱ
ʲôҲ֪߷ΪʤСֵ˵һȻģ
۹ЦˣӴԲԭǲЦģʵûסŮڵң֪𣿡ȴ̫һߴЦһ˵
ӣļˣһǿסЦģ
ЦʲôЦ˱֮²ȥ̨ǲźЦСųȴ̫˵
·ʶСˣȫһ۶۵ӣҾ֪ȻܳС
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΢΢Щ㵣ɵֱӰѽңħѧһĲѡǾôôһ
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ƹŴǪλ˳СĻ֮ҲͬЩЦã֪˵ʲôˡ
̷üͷ˵λͬѧ˾ˣһӮҲˣҪҡ
СոǻƺЩףæУҿɲҵģͽҵġ
˵꣬СְŵĽ
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УҲǿǡС˵꣬㲻᳤ȴ̫
ߵħѧһĲѡǰеĽҷϺ˵ǸǵģϽ򿪿ɡ
СʲôһʶСѡ֣ϵĽңЩЦõʵ
ܹӮñƣϽ򿪿֮ѱӮСߴٵ
ħѧһѡǣ㿴ңҿ㣬ϵıΡȻǲţʲôܹǷΪʤơ
ʱ˵ĿҲȫȻҶ̫ţװʲôƣҵĺȴǲС
ղݣǰɣŮͽңɵӰŶˣ
ٺ٣ǵװƣŮͽңȤȤ
ȻŮֻǴͽңͽҵ˭ƻǶ磿
ٺ٣Ǵ򿪽Һ󣬲֪𣿡

һۣһڴħѧһĲѡǴ򿪽ңƹŴǪλרҶµĿš̷У΢üͷ
ǲòˣȻˣǾʹ򿪰ɡ
Ŀ֮£С͵ĽңڱħѧһĲѡǴˡ
һһλѡֻչħѧһѡǣȫԴǰȥۿ
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Ƭ֮λѡֻ֣æ±˿Ƶġ
λѡִʱģȴѾֹ



ٰʮ Ǭת
ħѧһѡڿ򿴲ϵݣֻǶħѧһѡǵͼǵϿЩʲôߡ
û룬濴˶ߡ
ʱħѧһѡƺǳļиոλѡֻæĶЩͬѰ
ĪǣǽƲɣ
̨·ˣѾģȻȼµϣ
ѵҪһش󷴻
ȴ̫ӣ缸˶һۣһֲ̫õԤС
ȴ̫˵ҲżҲǻܹóҸõĴ⡣
ţûȴĴѾõˣӮһǡӣУһѡҲ˵
ûӮһǣҵҪνĽƣһ
ٺ٣ΪһЦͺˡ
ӣҲ׷ױ̬ղֲ̫õԤУڱɢȥ
漴ȫĶħѧһѡǣŶԷƸһЦ
ƹŴǪλңԼ̷УҲһ໥俴˿
ŴǪ˵Ǵʱı飬Īƣ
ƹ˵ѵֳһλظˣ
ظˣЦǲǿǹӹˣظء
ƹڰֵ֣˵ңԼҲϲ𣿲ҵϣһλظˣܹóһǾϲĴ⣡
ŴǪֵܸ˲ˣǰžͺˡ

˴ʱʲô뷨ħѧһѡǣϵ֮󣬾ȫأԼĲС
һ֮Ķڿûƽ١
ֻǣ֪ǲٵȵĳ׵ƽΪֳ˶ء
໥ͷһ滭ˮƽߣҶѡվ˵ϡϡϡУһڲμһıԡ
ƹͷЦձȻһ
ǣҶ
֮һǿѹеļߵĳǰ𻭱ʣʼ滭
ȴ̫Լӣˣ΢üͷҶеĻʣﲻӿֳһЩš
·ֳˣһ˷ܡ
Ҫػǽȷư
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С椻ȥͣװƵĽҵİ

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ʱҶĿʼҲ˷ܵĲСĸоûдǸ˹Ȼûƭ˼ơ

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ҶٶҲûö೤ʱ䣬ԴΡĳɽѾ֡
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Сߣһ̶ȪһȪˮӸߴֱ£齦
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Ц֮Ȼվ첽ߵҶߣŻϸոɵĻ˶Ե÷ǳļ
ƹЦãð̫ˣһɽع£ǲصúãص
ŴǪҲ޵˴⣬̾ΪֹǴţŰ
ҲˣɽعµĴ⣬ԴΪǲУ
λҵ۾Ȼ֮ߣֳЩʱûзӦˣЩɶͷԡ
ȻûзӦֻʱģǷӦ֮ȫ̲סĴһղݡ
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УˮʲôǵȻղ󷹣ϴ½
Ҳ˵⸽һһȻôкеȪˮأ
⣬еĺУһ̬ӵĺС
ѾȴԼˮõֻϺһˣһһưܵĹˡ
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Ȼȴ˿õѵСͷɽ֮Уһһ¡
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ٰʮ Ůĺʧ
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ȴֱ̫ҶĻɫһ󣬺һȻԸ⣬ȴòϣҶӴϽҪ̫ˡ
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ֻǣ뷨ǺõģȻȴǲ֪˫۾һֱء
վסʲôȴ͵͵ողЦúܿôЦˣһͻȻ
˵֮ȻǳСˣȻҲʮֵ˷ܣȴʼųȴ̫һһȴ̫ƺҪ͵͵ˣŴȳ
һȣȻҲ˺ܶ˵ע⣬ҲԼͬȴ̫ոڵķȥȻȴ̫ĵ̨Ե
ȻѾáġˡΪö˶Ѿˡ
ȴ̫ۿԼϾҪ̨ȥˣһȴϱһ¶Ŀġ
޺޵Ŀ˳Сһۣ˵ĺЦУ첽ߵ̨Ե±̨ȺԵȥ
ȴ̫ˣӣһǶˡ
Ž˵һ⣬ʣأҲֻӲͷƤڱ̨ϣﰵģһҪӮʣµ⣬һظոնӡ
Сȴ˷ܵĲУһʼͿȴ̫˳̨ۣϸȥ
ȴ룬ѳȴ̫ĸ̨Ȼⲻģ͵ĲǣĹҲСġ
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ֻǿϧûпǸӰ
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СȻЩʧ䣬ȴȻ˷֮Уһش󷴻ʵ̫ˬҲ̫˷ˡ
˷ֺ֮࣬Ȼ֣ƺһʲôص㡣
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Ҳ벻ʦ֮󣬽컹ٴֳһýҰǡ
һĸԴ
ֳ˲֪ʦûйϵһһ֪ġ
ǣҶΧסСȡ
ǸôͻȻˣСһʶʵҿǴ֮ͥ£򣬾һȺѵɫǡ
СͬѧʦУʲôϵҶʵ
СЩĪ˵ʲôʦô֪Һʲôϵ
ֻǼԲ⻰ҶֵСͬѧ֪ԸȥšģǾлһȥˡԡɲϣȥˡ
С۾һɣߵ˵˲ʶͲʶֵúܡ
˿С鲻αѵ治ʶ
ҶɻȻǲʶôΪʲôͽҸǣ
Сֵô֪ȵȣ˵͸ǵģô֪һ
ðɣҶȷţЩŮ治ʶҵİɡ
Ҷ˺ʧڳС⣬Ҷ軹ǴȻλصִʦԵũׯׯˡҲֻǲ²͵ģֿԷǳߡ
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ȻֽĴʦֻһɡҶ
С󾪣еޣԭᰡ
Ҷ۾һæֵˣ֮ǰӦüʦĸλã
ĸλãСһʧ䣬ָһ˵ǿԱߡѾˡ



ٰʮ 
Ҷܹ뵽СȻҲܹõ
һѰδ֮˷׷ΧڳСΧ˵һ˵ͽʱ
һЩýʿȻҲȤҲ׷װѻͲӰͷ׼С
ǳСڴ֮ͥ²ӳʱҲЩšôΧҲͰˣؼô߳ǹڵĶţ˽ˡ
ڽŵͬʱСҲЩ˷ܣʱҲ˲øոʧˣ֮ǰͽҵ飬ϸ˵һ顣
˷źԼոôûվԱأȻʱĽӦԼ˰
˭֪ǲǿ˼ҳСƯֺãŹҵĳСأȻǴʦվҲӣҲϲŮǡ
ܶ⡱š

˶˷ܣӣļ֮⡣
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ǿеġʦҲţ˵ȷ򵥡ⶼдӮĻǺС
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ţ֮ǰľԸ֣ҪΪֵ֡ڣԷӦҲǿʸľˡ룬ľͬȥġ
ãʹ绰ϵľ


СҶͬѧȷλ𣿡ƹҶ
ƹѾܳʱûˡǰżáɽع¡һʱʱ˼ȴʼûĴ𰸣ѾΪĲˡ
ڣĴѾ֣ʱĲһƹоǰδеɣ伤Ҳ֪
ͬʱҲԽĲ֮˳˸мңԷύ
Ҷƹæشϣ²ǰٷ֮ȷӦòࡣ
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Ҷǡ
ƹ΢Цұҿϲĺܣύһ죬ָһϲǵԵֲǳǺǣСҶȥһ»Ͳ
ͲҶһ㶣ܿͷӦƺƹҪʲôˡЩľ;ɥͬΪˣͱ꣬ȴغ蹵һ㡣
ϣ㻰ͲҶ轫Ͳݸƹ
ƹлӹͲŻͲ˵СѣոͽҵĿ㣿ƣʹȨ˷۱Сѽ⣬ȤĽ֪Сѿɷǰһ𣿡
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ʱ˵Ŀȫڱ̨ϣ۾ȫ˷ܺڴȻ϶ˣȻӣҪˡ
Щýʿ˷ܣоҪ飬ŲͬѰ塣
һʱ䣬ýĳǹڣȫ׼˱̨
ֳҲͻȻúǰ˶ɴ۾ȴš

ȺУƹĻ΢һЩ㵣û뵽ƹ
ǲò˰
ûйϵعĴ㡣ڣǱԤ΢ǰһЩˡ
Ȼˣôٺ٣

ֳ˲ûеȴ̫ãոհ֮һЦĳһ
һҶѡ
Ц˵һϲȻ
ھϲͬʱҲɻķôˣ
ֺ˿Ȼ
˵ڼҲȷһ飬ողǴķȷڱ䣬ٶȼ죬廷ͬʱڸһ㡣
СҲ
˵ͻ۾һƺʲôԼٶȴ˱̨
һգۣٶϸʱ̨ѾһӰ
ʱӰ溬΢Цų̋·΢һסֶ֮ƹ˵Сϡϡϣ̷У
ֱʱ˲ŷӦƾճһˣ
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ǳˣʽ̫˧ˡ
ۣᣬ˧˰
ޣҸովվԶ
ȻԵũׯ

ƹҲ΢һŷӦƹЦСѺݵ֣ðС֡
ͬЦ̫ˣӦСǰݷòǡ
ŴǪ̷Ҳ׷кҲһһӦ



ٰʮ ڰֽϻ׵Ļ
ƹ˺֮ֿųСǺЦոллˣСͬѧ
Сڱ̨֮оһϲһ˫Ŀת
ʱ˵ɫ΢΢һ죬ͷЩ˼ػصûйϵӦҪллŶԡ
ЦЦûټͳС˵ΪѾһ˷ܵý߰ΧˣĻͲǹڰΧˮйͨ
ãλصִʦǷ㣿
ͬʳ⣬ȻҶ֪һλصִʦֻ綼Ϊѡ
ʵϣûйִʦݣ׿ڳϣɲŻҶΪʵʵ
ԣһǴΪĵ⡣
ǰ˷ܵļǣЦлҵ飬ڿɲһɷõĺʱΪħѧһͬѧǣӣǵıʱ䡣λýѣͣɷãȵı֮һרŽܴҵĲɷã֪Σ
һ˵ýʿһҲԣȻѾ˵ˣڱ֮ܲɷãǵҲһʱ
ң֮ǰġ¼ԼѾ㹻Ǵһˡ
ȰЩȥ͵һϵбǰˡ
ңıȤֵǱĶࡣ
ѽ˷ܣڳýǣûоҸ
ħѧľֱȷľ֮һ
ԣýʿ׷׳ΧȦȥ֮ЯıЯʽʼǱԣһ߾͵ظϸ壬һߵȴ

ýʿɢȥֳָֻƽȻ֮ǰͬٱѾָƽ
׼С
лƹͬ룬»ص˱̨¡Ȳѡ֣Ҳǳ⿼٣ûǱ̨¸һЩ
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ȻѾ֪˱ƹ׿ħѧһҶˣʵ˷һѡ
˷ܵǣʣµıﻹĵ
ȻⲢ˵Ƕʵϣڱ֮ǰϣܹƾԼʤҲǰһǡ

ôľ𣿡ӣһʵ
Ѿˣľ˵Էһһ˿Ȥ
̫ˣľ֣µԣӮˡ
ǵȻľȫ֮һ

ԣӣڵ֪ľڸ·֮Ҳʮ˷ܡ
ƹ񲻶ɫĸ˫ѡһۣڶ⽫ϳ⣬ϡ
ʱֳڸϸļͬ־֮⣬Ҳ°ע˱֮ϡң˵һȤ̸֮ҲԺ⣬ڴͺ档
ŴǪͷӿڵڶҵ⣬ҲһżȻ뵽ġҶˣŵһŰֽҵĿǣڰֽϻ׵Ļ
ڰֽϻ׵ĻŴǪĿһ޲뵽˼С
Ҳ˼֮ǰġɽع¡һҲͬǿʵѡ
ңʲô׵Ļ⡰סĴ𰸣ƺûдˡ
ΪĻǲף˵ʶȥжϵģͺ׳飬˵ף˵ҵס
ô˭ףĪҪȡֳͶƱķʽ
ؼǼֻҲ˶ķڷ
Ҳͬ˼
ĵ˵ͷҪȤ
ܹ뵽⣬˲Ҳܹ뵽뵽Щ֮󣬴ҵ۾ͬʱڶȻҲͬ˼
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ħѧһ
Ĵ׳飬ôû飬ȻĹؼ֮
ûӦûʲôֳס
ţʱûͷҶϸ룬ȡæӮⳡ
ǣôҲǰֱֲǡ

ӣһ
ľϵﻹҪһʱ䣬ѾͨϢĿľˡ
ţľǴ֮ǰҲϸ˼ܲľæӮ±Ȼˡ
ãҸոƺѾͷˡ




ٰʮ µα
ľһɣ34֪꣬ңƷഺ鰮ΪƷﴩһЩ̽ԪأƷص㣬ߵ׷
ʱ䣬ľһǱо̽ƷĴѾڵʮƪƪ̽Ʒڵ˲Сķ죬˿ڶࡣ
ҲˣľһɱΪ֮һ
ǰãľһħֻΪһɻͯңʼ̽Ʒʽܡ
ħ֮ľһһֱоʽܡҴл˲ٵʹԼƷǳġ
ǰ죬ӣԱ󣬶̶ֳȵıľһȻǲмһ˵ġ
ڲǰľһӣ˵Էһ󣬽
ľһɸտʼΪǡʽܡϸһ֪һ
һǼģԣľһɾˡԼžԵģܹڻôڵ͵λɻࡣ
ڰֽϻ׵ĻڳϵľһɣյӣԱĶϢ
ֽ׵Ļףֽǰɫģôڰֽ׵ĻͿôȵȣ
ľһ˼ţͻȻ֮Ц˼򵥣Ȼˡ
գӣһϢһмʱֳܵңѾĴ𰸡

ֳ
ӣһ
̫ˣľмʱ͵ˣѾĴ𰸡
ٺ٣Ȼľ˵Ĵ𰸣һĴ𰸡ڶӮˡ
ǿħѧǷһüͷ壬ƺȻûͷ

󷽡
ƹţд𰸣
ŴǪ΢ЦȻУ뿴ûиõĴ𰸣
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ŶҲɡŴǪͬʱ

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СŲԶԥ˺һ֮ĿȥСʵһд𰸣
ųСЦȻС
С۾æʲôҺòã
ЦЦ˵Ȼԣ룬ڰֽ滭ϰɫĻô
ֽ滭ϰɫĻСǾͿ˰ô֪滭ʲôȵȣ֪ˡ
СȻһУ漴ϷӦֻæסͣһۣ˿ȥ˵Ŀɰ֮ǰ֡뺷ģֶԴˣ˲ݸ
һЦĴָ˵һ͸
СĿһۣһȻģ
漴˵ҪҪȥҶǣ
ʱã˵ԼӦܹõġ
Сͷ۾̨ϿȥкЩ˷ܡ

֮ľһɵֳ
ֳ̫࣬ľһɵĵûκ˵ע⡣
ľѾˣȥӣ˷ܵ˵֮뿪˱̨
ľлĵȺԵոλȥľһɵӣԱ˵
ľһɵͷ߰ɣȥһǸֻȤ
ǣľ룡ӣԱ˵ǲûʲôĵط
˻ص̨ϣýһЩˣӣǱһİӣۡ
ǿӣǱһˣĪҲģ
ܰɣûйϵ֮ǰʲôȴ֪ˡڣٶҲûá
˵Ҳǡ

̨ϣƹԼħѧһҶˣȻҲľһɵĵ
Ҳ״ӦӣǱģҲǵԤ֮С
Ͼ֪ħѧһٲȥµαҪӮñĻǺãġ
ħѧһ
ҶԷµαˣ֪ʵôӦòֻǲ֪һ᲻룿
ٺ٣᲻أһǲѾд𣿾Ĵ𰸸һҲƽ֡Ȼ
ţûһٲ䡣

ʱŴǪʱ䣬˵ˣ10ʱѵҿ˫ƺѾ˴𰸡ôͿʼûɡ
ӣһ
ľǵĴ𰸹ȻһԷǵĴһ˫ƽ֣Ҳǲģ㿴⣿˵
ľһɵЦܼ򵥣ƽֳ־Ϳˡ



ٰʮ Ļ
ֳ
ŴǪʽʼٴΰעе̨ϡ
ССʵʼˣҪҪȥ˵Ĵ𰸣
ҡͷã㿴ǲûжʣ˵Ѿ˺һĴ𰸡
СϸһȻҶ˲ûпʼһϲҶ˹ȻҲб£Ȼܹ뵽һĴ𰸡
ɵӣڵĵطȥʱһ˵ѽӣǱҲûжʣѵҲͬĴ𰸣
ͷӦôˡϾҪĴ𰸲жѡ
СƲһ˫ͳƽ˰Щġ
ЩЦĿ˿С椵ĺʤĺǿ漴˵ƽ֣ҲһҪġ
ţ֪ˡС˵ϻЩĹĵġ
Щɰ

̨ϡ
˫ûжʣҪƽˡ
ŴǪЩź˵ţ˫뵽Ǹ𰸣ҲЩϧûиõĴˡ
ƹȴһ˼ģû˵
ħѧһ
һȷƽˡļһҲôҲûбǸĴ
ЩΪǵĴ𰸵ȷӦõĴˡǲ֪Ĵʲô
ţҲ֪Ĵ𰸡
ҸոտСһֱֹں˵ʲô룬Ѿ𰸣Ҷ裬ȥһʳС֪ˡ
ţȥһʡ
һ֮Ҷ˵Ĵ𰸺һȷõĴˡϾֻŲ顣

̨·
˿˫ѡֳٳٲʣЩɻ
ףʲôʱ䲻ֻôΪγٳٲʣ
ţ˫ȻʣȷЩѽ⡣
֪Ϊʲô֮ǰûдֽϻ׵ĻȻֽɫһĻסҲ˵Ļ׵Ļ
Ļ˼˵ʲôûǾ׵Ļˣ
ٺ٣ô˵ȴһΪֽκһֶֻɫֽһףǿˡ
ҲУⲻͶȡûл
ⱾӦ⣬ϵĴӦҲΪֻĴ𰸲û顣
ðɣȷ޷顣ȻģһҪƽ֣
ȷƽ֣ҲһԣƽҲǿԽܵġ
ûһƽ˵Ļ߾һʤһƽһֻ豣ֲܣͿӮ½ıˡ

ܿ죬ֳ˶֪Ĵ𰸣ҲƽȻźҲԽܡ

̨ϣӣһ
Ҳûжʣȷ뵽һĴ𰸣ľ㿴⣿
ľһɵͷ˵ⲻѣǲŻ뵽һĴ𰸡ѶȲҶܹ뵽õĴ𰸣޷ֳҵơҲصģа취Ӯ
ˣϾһϲͬʱллľ
ֹһӣŴǪ˵ˣʱѵ˫չʾǵƷɡ
ħѧһҶ˵ϡϡϡУԼֳλѣĻһֽʲôҲûУⲢΪֽûлΪĶֽɫһģһģҿˡĻȻ׵Ļˡ
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ҶĻֳʹһǶģûжĺЦ
ӣһҲվҶƵĹ۵㣬ĻҲͬһŰֽ
Ļмߣһһſհ׵ĻֽΪһ˫Ĵ𰸡
Ȼֳ˵Ԥ֮УۿŰֽ˻Ǿһۡ
Ҳ֪ãҲûĴˡ
ôҲֻˡֻǸоһⲢûеľʣտʼʱǻΪ˫һ֮󣬲ֳܹʤء
óһŰֽ˾ЩȻζ
ŴǪߵĿհƷЩźҡҡͷȷûиõĴˡ
ȻˣôһȻƽˡ
գŴǪ˵Ȼ˫ĴһôھڶıԽǡ
һͻȻŴǪĻ
ŴǪüͷ΢壬ӣһжϣոӦӣλµα
ľһһ˵ҺܱǸŴң֪Ҫƽ֡ĽΪƽ֣ųϣŴҼ¡
ľһģ˼⻰˵ĵûʲôë
ŴǪüͷ΢չһЩ˵ôΪӦʲôĽ
ľһɵһЦ˵Ȼӣһʤˡ
˻һȫ˶Ϊ֮һ㶡һЦİɣ˫һĿĻƾʲô˵ӣʤ



پʮ ıø
ӣʤ
ȫ㶹֮еĿȫľһɵϣ׼ҪΰѺڵ˵ɰ׵ģԣǰѰ׵˵ɸ׵ġ
ŴǪҲͬľһɣ˵𣿲֪кθ߼
ľһɺĿĸоŬһ΢Ц˵ŴҵĿǣڰֽϻ׵ĻҲ˵˭Ļף˭Ӯⳡ֪ǲ
ȷû˫Ļһףƾʲô˵Ӯˣ·̾˵вҲ׷׸͡
ľһ΢΢һЦ˵ͺãôھҿŴĻϵҪϸˡΪһڱԽԽס
һڱԽԽףôܣʣаĶŴĻ
һ˵Ͻ¶ŵɫҿӣһŰֽƺȷԽԽˡ
ô£
ȺУСͺһȵΪʲôǰֽΪʲôӣǱߵĿأ
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СҲ׹ʱҲû˼ȥǵʲôƷЩ˵ô죿ǾˣԣԾף㣿

̨ϡ
ӣ˾ϲʵľıøˣΪʲô
ľһɹĵ˵ûʲôһСֶζѣ·˳׼ġ
˵ľ֪ƽֵһǰ׼ľȻ˷׷׹ά
ľһɰڰ֣ȴЦǺǵģ˵Ĺάܵĺ̹Ȼ
֮ľһ˵ôҶ˰ɡոմ˵ˣ˭Ļ׾˭ӮôڣǲӣӮˣ
ߣʹĳֶΣʹֽø׶ѣ˵ǵֽˣƾʲô˵ǵĻףħѧһҶߵ
Զԣǳǵֽȷˣ˵ǵĻҲˡ
ǣǣҵĻȻô֤ǵĻף
˵еȻ޷֤ҲȻƽ
ô˵ǵСûˣǣҰװ׵һ
˷׷׸ͣǰװ׵һˡСͬϲϲо˵úеӣӣǱǰæˡ
ȴҡͷæǵᡣ
СԿһʺš
ڰ֣ʾС
ӣһѡһ˵Ҳʾͬߵô䲻𣿡
䲻𣬶Ҫ֤ǵĻǵĻףǲǣ֤ȻҲˣܡôǲҪҵʱΪáħѧһҶ˵
䲻ǿʶ
Ȼǲ֤ӦǿʶŶ԰ɡ
ǣ
ǣ
˫ѡ־һ䣬һִˡ
һ֮ǰû뵽ƺñ֮ǰ˼һЩˡ
ŴǪƹ۾ţƺûгֹ˼
˫ִһ֮ľһɲֹ̧ӣһˡֿ֮ħѧһЦȻ˵ôһ£Ϊʲô
Ҷͬľһɣһ£֮˵ΪɫֽɫһԿ
ľһǺǺһЦ˵ܺãҵ뷨һôȻɫֽɫһֽɫǵֽףǲǾͿ֤ǵĻǵĻأ
⡭⡭Ҷһϣƺ޷
ֳҲͬһϣղݣˢӰ껹޷
ľһɵЦôû˵ǲǿ˵һıӮˣ
⡭⡭Ҷ˼ٵתԴҪзȴ֣Ѿ޷
Ӯˣӣ˻죬ħѧһѡ֣ԼֳˣȴֻĿš
ʱľһֵ֪ǿ϶ûйϵǵвһ˺ǿǷΪʤ
˵꣬ľһɵĹһЦԷҲܷΪʤˣʲôԳҲһ
ȻˣǺβ˻Ὣһأ
ǾԲֵģ´ȥȻ˵ʲôĶˡ
һô飡



پʮһ 
ľһᵽҶüͷһ壬һ֮׹Է֪֣ҲܷΪʤŹ˵
Եİһελã֣ܻӮֵĻȥ˼һΪء
Ĳν
գҶһ˵̶ֳȵıֺ֣һӮˣҲƽ֣֪ڵ
ľһһЦֵô˵ǿϣŴǪĿˣ
⡭ҶһԷ˭˼ôתô죿⻰Ҹνӣ
˼һʱ֮Ҳ֪νӻˡħѧһ༸ˣҲͬüͷ
Ƕ֪һĴ𰸺һǳֵĻҲ޷ΪʤǺͶԷʹͬһֶΣʹֽñȶԷס
ĻȻֻͽЦϣ粻֡
ֻǣʦݲһ㣬Ҳһֱ䣬Ǻã
ħѧһü˼ӣһȴ˷ܲѣ̫ˣӮ˱ʹöԷ²ȥ̨֮ôɪ
ƣıҲûħѧһ˰ɡ
ֱʤ
ӣԽԽ˷ܣľȫ֮һһ֣ЧԾͲһ
һʱ֮䣬˿ľһɵ˳ݡ
ľһɸܵ˳ݵ񣬱ϲɫȴǲ޵⣬һ׼ټһѻ˵ȻΪһӦǲܿϣŴǪĿģֻûиõĴ𰸰ˡ
⻰Ϊѣʵϻ˵ŴǪ⣬һһ
⻰е˼ҶóһʱȫŭĿľһɡ
ŴǪƹˣƺûֻǺǺһЦ˼

ȺУСߵսСȭͷ߷ߵ̫ɶˣ֮ǰǸ˻ɶ㡭ǧҪȥǹ⼤ȥ
ɶ˼˵ġ椳˰Ҳûҡҡͷӿ˵
ѽС˶ţĵⲻ˵᲻
ųСǺЦ˭˵Ҫȥˣ㵣ĸɶ
ǾͺãСؿڣǣûİȥ
ȥһ档ǰ洫
ող˵㲻ȥ𣿡Сһţæ˵
ֻ˵ȥû˵ȥ档ٺ٣˵Сͬѧ˼϶ŮѵġһԱߴ
СһΧвٵ˵ġɫʱһ죬ȴתŸո˵֮ˣݺݵ˵ҪܣŮѹʲô£ֹʲô£ֻǲȥʲôǣ֪֡
ո˵֮˲һСġǲ
漴Ѹȥ
Сĺһ̨ǵ֮ɫ

ףǿ쿴Ҫ̨ȥˡ
ٺ٣˼ˣϣչѵһǸŵļһ
ǰ翴Ǽһﲻ˳ˡҲûиõĴˡð찡
ûиõĴ𰸣ȻҲܽѵһǸһ
ԣҲţȻ̨ʲôݣܱǼһＤһ¾̨ˣ

ŴǪƹҲͬ۾һˣ˼ˡ

ߵ̨ϣҶ˼ˣæ㿴⡭⡭
ڰ֣ʾҲ⣬֮ľһɣЦǺǵ˵λ֪ĳ֣ĳȴ֪֣
ľһɼ̨ˣ΢΢ЩԾ漴룬£ǲǫ̀׼һŪȥ
ܺãҾϵ̨²ȥ̨
漴ͬЦǺǵ˵ʧˣҽľһɣָ̡
ľһɣԭֲмֱ¡ƹ
ţڵĴѹءŴǪҲ
ֳˣҲ֡
ԭǵĴҰֲš
ߣΣʰʱ򡣡

ԭľʧʧȻḷ̌Ҳġֻǲ֪ľҪʲôǺЦ
˻һֳʱЦһ飬ƹҲݸ
㡭ľһһĵȻ˴ľǺɻص⡣Ҳܱ
漴ľһͻȻһЦһܺã㲻Ҿͳȫ㡣
ԣľһһ֮һЦ˵Ȼ˵ҲͲˡһ£ֽϣⷽ׵Ļ
˵꣬ľһϵĺɫëʣһŰֽϻһʡ
֮󣬰Żһʵֽݸʾո˵ֽһֽ



پʮ ˢˢʣֽֽ
ֳ˿ľһɵݸֽɫһ䣬ֽѾصĻһʺɫλܻӣ׵Ļ
ľһɵļһȻ򵥣ûΪĻ˳Ļַһ
̣ˣѵֻصˡ
¿鷳ˣԼ׽ȥ˰
ǰֽϱһʣҲٱˡ
ôӰɣ˵а취أ
ʲô취Ϸ
ǰ֣ƺ·簡
ȥȥҪܻġ

ֳۣЩΪǡ
ȺУСּ㲻Ҫȥ㲻Ҫȥº˰ɡ
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ŴǪɸǺãС鷳ˡ
ƹ鷳ȷ鷳ˣ룬СѶȻнİ취
ҲһҲȥСѾͲᴳټͷˡ
ӣһļˣȴ˷ܲѡ
װƣӰԼװȥ˰ɡ
ӿҪǫ̂
̨ǫ̂Ȼǻȥˣ֮ıҲûٳˡ
ľԶˣͲľĶ֡

ν˻ϲǡ

ֽӹľһɵݹֽ˿˵ţһʵǻòȻľҪ⣬ôİɣҲĵġ
ľһһЦ˵Ǿˣһúѧϰġ
úá֣ľһ˵رء
ȴͬûһ㣬ֽŵħѧһ̨ϡ֮ȴǲûжʵ˼
ľһɼ״ĵʱԲ⣿
˵ôˣǲǻ˼Ӧλû£룬Ҳż
Цǵǣڵ㡣
ңľһɻʲô
㲻Ҫ𣿸ո˵úѧϰǲǾͱʾʦǣԲԣǵҲҹһעǵôʦûһʾأ
㡭⡭ľһһϣԼոյȷ˵ϸ˵ԷڵȷԼʦ
ѵҪʦ
ľһг
˵öԣҪ̣ǾͿʦɡ
ԶԣĻôԲ϶Ͳˡ
ְһ֣̫ˡ
Ҿ֪ܱǼһס

ֳֻԾǼһҪ̣Ǿͱõô˶棬ʦ񡣲ΣһֶӮˡ
ΪǼһҲҸڣ硰Ϊʦ岻ʡȵȣͰǼһˡҲͲټǲɵƷˡ
һõ밡
ȺУСҲ˷ܵȭͷ
̨ϡ
ľһɳһ˵˵ûǵȷǣҵʦǾҪûˡܹãոҸֽǸ׵ĻԻṧĸһʦ񡣵ʲôʸʦأ
Ŷ𣿡һЦ˵ĵҲе
·һоƺеûԣ׷˵
񣬲Ȼˣô죿
ǣҪǲǾ

ڰ֣ʾҲż˵ľǿͣһ֮Ŀͣ˼ҳ̣ҲҪóһⲻǣţľǲڵġ˵ǲǣľ
ľһЦɲа취˵ȻǵһسŵֻܹȻᷴڡ
´Ӧ÷˰ɡˣľôŵѧķϣھɡ
˵꣬ŻһʵĮֽ̇̿𻭱ʣƺҪˡ
ǰɣҪ
ӵȷ񰡣ֽϻǱ߸׵Ļôܣ
ʲô˼

·һۣС֪һʲôһ߳һĹĵֹʲô
滭ƹŴǪλרҲЩͿˡ
桭ҪҶСʵ
ЦǰȻأѵ˼ľ
ߣŪ飡㵹ʰľһԹۣҪĿ֮£ʲô
̧ͷܿһۣ˵Ŀ⣬ȫһգգĶŴĻϣͬĻϣʾԼŻֽ
漴ǺһЦ˵ľҪϸˣҪʼˡ
˵꣬ˢˢʣ㽫ԭֻһʵĻֽȫˢ˺ɫ
ʱŻֽһƬ
ңīǾȣûˢڵģԭһźɫĻֽһ㡣
ţĵͷ
ȻֳȴһƬžĶ̫ˣҶûзӦ



پʮ 漣ʱ
ˢˢʣһŰֽˢ˺ֽ
Ƭֳ̣˷ӦֻǣӦˣȴȻһ±ơ
ɶ˼˼Ҫ׵ĻǻڵĻ
ľһҲһ㶣漴ȴǹЦǲûҵҪ󰡣ҪǱ߸׵ĻǸڵĻ
ӣ༸ҲͬЦֻȻǲ֪ΪʲôҪľһɸֽѾһƬҲܱˡ
εɣҲܸıʵһΣɡ
Ǿ;ЦɣǸоûЦôĹ
ƹҲͬɻ
ƹҵЩСѵˣúɫаɫֻǣΪҪŻֽɺɫɫӦôӺδ
ŴǪҲСѵһ֣ȷ˿
ӿڵСҴҼīжȣ֮˵ַҪǳ֮ߡɼڻ滭ϵ裬Ҳǳ
ţȷƹŴǪͬʱͷ
ֳҲͬСţ۵Ľֻһûܹ⡣
˶ΪһԱˡȻ⣬ûΪֻһ±Ƶıˡ
̨ϡ
֮󣬹һľһЦ֮˵ľżȻˣҾͿʼƷؼһɡ
ʲô˼Ļûꣿֻһֽľһ΢΢һ˵
ֳҲͬһֱܿЩ˷ܣǾ֪һк֣ڿȷˣ
ǺһЦ˵ȻѾˣֻһҪȵī֭֮ܽУڣʱˡ
˵꣬ֵֽҶͬѧ鷳ҵһͷǶȣԱҿø
õģҶæ֮󣬽ͷĽǶµá
˿ͷλãͷˣڶϸˣǼ֤漣ʱ̡
˵꣬һֻڻֽһ
˱㾪㵵Ŀڻֽ룬һʲôһȻ˻ֽȻƮƮģ诶Ļȥ
ʲôôӻֽϷɳѵǱϷɣʸ˵Ժûüϸ룬߾ʹ󾪺֮
ۣð׵ë
쿴ð׵ë
ô°ֽôͻȻһƬëһôף
׵ĻһĻ
ղݣ϶ոһģֻǣģ
۹ˣôһˡһ̫ˡ
ҲˣոմֽϷɳǸһƬëֲû诶ء
ëҲˡ

ֳԽԽ׹׹ˣǶͶأôôİ취Ҳֻó
УҪС˷ܣƯϣֳϡ
̨ϡ
Ҷ輤⡭⡭ǡ̫˧ˣ
ҶѾ֪ʲôݴˣԾˡ̫˧ֿ֣϶ˡ
ԭ֮ǰȰһƬɫëڻֽġ
Ķ̫죬ëǴɫû˿վߵҶˣҲûп
֮ûʽֽˢڵʱ򣬽ڻֽϵëҲһͬˢˡ
ī֭֮ֽڻֽһֽϵë㱻ɳȥ
ڻֽĴͳһƬɫëͼ
ҪǣһƬɫëͼܺɫֽĳ֮£Եøİס
Ҳѹ˻󾪺ð׵ëˡ
ƹŴǪͬʱ޵
СѹȻСѣһθһ޴ľϲ
ڰֽϻ׵ĻңһĻ֮ǰ֡ĻȡֶΣҪ̫ˡ
˿޺ͽоǣֶΣ̾Ϊֹ
ŴǪΪԭΪиõĴˣȴ˭֪תۼ͸õĴ𰸡
ѡħѧһȷľ

ֳýǣҲͬǳļո̣Լ漣Ḷ́ɶȥ֮󣬾һκ䶯
Ȼ˻ϲȻҲ˳ˡ
ľһۿźɫĻֽϣһƬѩ׵ë֪֮һˣķǳĳס



پʮ Ļֽ
ֳ˵Ļ;̾ľһɵĶʮֵĴ̶
Ҳ벻ġ̡һһ˷˼ķʽ
һһν棬˵ڶıʵǰëҪġֽ׵öࡣ
ң˼ҵĻһĻԣ۴ķ˵һֶˡ
ȻľһѻǣԼҪĸһʦ񣬶һǵô˵档
һУǶˡ㲻ã黹ᴫصȥ˵жӰ죬϶Ƕˡ
ǸɶСӣľһɺ޺޵š
ӣһļ˴ʱҲɵˣ㶵˵Ǳľ棬ȻһƯĴת
뵽֮ǰԼЦֻӣǾ͸оʱۡ
ңڶҲˣǾζǽıˣǵӮҲһ
ôܳɼϣ˫ʹ˶ȶƽһͱøҪ͹ؼ
Ǵʱȴû˼ȥӮ⣬ֻϣľһɲҪǾͺá
ϾľһɹģľһɶôһҪǣҲúް취
ڣľһȻƺûйǵ˼΢һ

ľǲʲôˣľһɣЦǺǵʵ
ľϽʦɣǿɶء
ǰҪģЩԼ˵ġ
ľ϶ǲᷴڵģֻҪһʱ׼Ͼʦһ¡ص顣
ԶԣǸúú׼һ¡

ֳĸ壬Ŵʱľһɺڵĸһɫ˵;һˬ
һ֮ǰ⣬ҪءֻǰʯͷԼĽˡ
ľһ˵ĺЦߵǿɲҪ͵ֻ˵ʦʲôʱ˵Ҫʦˣʦֻһ顣
У㵹񰡣
ǣһ̣ʦɡ
ֳ˵ҲûָľһİΪʦһʦҲ㹻ˡ
ֺǺǵİڰ֣ʾ΢һЩȻľһɡ
ľһڻߵǰһֻǲδ˵һ
ЦЦ⣬ʵϣľһһ£ûȤ

ʱŴǪЦǺǵ˵ˣ͵ڵڶıԽѾûˡôڶħѧѧһʤħѧһѾӮ⣬ʵѾ˽ʤôʣµĵ⣬ԽбԣҲԲٽбԣѡȨӣһ
ӣ໥俴˿Щò⣬ѾˣҲá
ֻǣǷĻȥҲϣܹӮõ⣬Ȼ޷ıҲһһЩӲǡ
ȻҲˣǶͶøˡ
ԣһʱ֮䣬Ҳò⡣
ľ㿴⣿һСĵʵ
ľһԸոո֮󣬾һֱû˵Ժ˵μӣұӮµ⡣
ȻѡμӣֻڵӮܹ֮ǰһ
ѡμӡӣ˵
ãŴǪĵͷ˵ϵ⣬ϡ
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ħѧһļˣ鲻ԽĿָѶȵ⣬Ҳֻаϣˡ
ӣһľһɣȻҲϣľһɵϡ
Ȼľһɲó滭ֻҪͿˡ
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ǰ⻭ֽ׳30׿һʱҪм仹ܶϣΰõ
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٣ǺãӣǱҲġ룬ֻҪñǺþͿˡ
УϹĸɶǿǾüֵ⣬ܼҲһ
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ŴǪҲ֣òʱѶȰɣ
ͬЦţ汻˵ˣҪ󣬻ʱġ
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ţ˶ڰԵͷڣмĺǳ죬Ҳǳ㡣
ңܼͬʱʼһĶ࣬ȫ޷϶һ
һһӵʱ䣬㹻ˡ
ٿħѧһ˶پһ˹Ȼһͷһβͬʱ
ȻҲ˶ѣмûȥܣɻǰװ׾һƬ
ӣĺ



پʮ ֮
ħѧһֻڰֽͷмȴǷβܣⲻֳԻ󲻽⣬ƹˣտʼҲǲ
룬ͷĻǻˣмӦô죿˵ǲܲҪġ
ɵȵͷĻֳߵʱ򣬷Ӧ˶ʱӦ޲۾ӣ
ֻڰֽһͷһֻڿеĴݡ
һͷһƬݵأݵһͯͯǰܣͷգڸǰһšٹͷָճȭƺקʲô
ֽһͷķݣѾԶ
ѻֽͷĻ꣬λѡ뿪ͷĻ׳ǰ
ʱ·ӦˣҲħѧһʲôˡ
һ֣ܹݵģ
ҲѹħѧһѡԵôҲѹǿмĿհڲˡ
ΪмֻҪһ߾ͿˣֻҪӵʱ䡣
˲ܲΪ֮̾
ԣδȵֳѾĻ̾
ȻһθǾϲ
ƹŴǪ˱ҲЦ̾һվסˡ
Ͼûн
ʣ10ӵʱӣһļץʱ䣬ܱ
ħѧһߣҲ߳һˣ𻭱ʣһߣֽͷͼǷߡ
ˣһġͯŷݡĻ棬˵ǰ
Ȼ֪˻ݣʱȻһ󻶺
ΪĹ룬ҲΪӮıԡ
һӵʱ䵽ӣһҲǵƷȻǵȴûκϲı顣
Ϊͣʵһ̣Ǿ֪ˡ
һΣͬĳףûκ顣ȻǲԸϣʵ
ǵɽˮʵǲģĿҪֵҲȷ˼Ҳν
ҲһΪǻӮⳡɱУֳ󻶺һֲõԤС
ȵǵƷɣȲħѧһĻֽϿȥ
һʱǷǳľɥɱǣƷ۴һбȽϣ䡣
ϣǾ̬ɽˮ˼Ƕ̬ͯŷݣɸӵȷҲá
ϣǼͬʱֶ룬ԵЩǱ˼м仹ͣ˿ڲ衣˼ֻҪһˣͿɵġ
˼ϣȻҲһΣǵĺȻҲ򵥺ûôҲȲ˼һ߲ǡ
ԣԵĽѾˡ
εǣľһѾ뿪ֳ
ľһɿħѧһķʱ֪ˡ
ﻹֳ͵͵߰ɡ
͵͵ߣľһɷǳıŭһжΪǸСӣ֡
ʵľһ뿪ʱֳв˶ˡֻǴҶûʲô˼ȥˣ߾߰ɣͼսҲֻĽˡ
ǿЩľһ뿪˵
ȻҲľһɵ뿪ֻͬǵһЦҲû˵ʲô

ˣ˫ƷҶѾˡ˵ڽѾˡӣһǿ飿
ӣ໥俴˿鶼ܵ䣬һ˵ûС
ͷ˿ӣļˣ˵Ҳؾɥ˵ȥˡ
ӣȫ鸴ӵĿһۣ˵ˣǲͱʾ֮Ĳ̫
ǿӦúǲǵʵǳʡ
Ҳﲻʵʱ򣬼ȻѾǻǿЩ뿪ɣһҲ̨ˡ
ԣĻ˵֮ӣһļ˱Ҵ뿪ˡⱾǷǹٷʽıҲûôིʱѡּ룬ȻҲͿʱ뿪ˡ
ֳ˼ǻľɥģҲûг䣬˴
ԷǲԼһʤ
ԣֳһƬ˽̸ۣ˷дÿһ˵ϡ
ıʵ̫Ȥ̫лˣǾ˰ѽıɶȥ˵飬ԾȤ
ħѧһҶ˸˷ܣΧҪ˵ЩлĻȴֲ֪αԼм飬ֻǼĿ
ЦЦʾǲ⡣
ʱδ˵У̷룬ͻȻЦλң̷ĳи֮룬λʡ
ŶƹŴǪ໥俴˿ͷ֮ƹ̷Уˣ̷У˵
̷ٴιһЦ˵ѵã̷ĳλͬһī



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ƹЦСѾͲǫˣ۹δؾ֮¡ʵ̷У˵ҲСѹͬһƷ뷨ڵ֪СѵĽ֮󣬾Ѿˡ
ŴǪҲЦҲ˼
ЦȻˣ˾͹ͬһħѧСѾΣ
һЦλҶȤСҲ㣿
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ŴǪͬʱͲµˡ
̷󣬶ʱѣλҼҲ˵ݣǡɽع¡ĿڽѾ˴ɫʣƷ¯żߵղؼֵ
ü꣬óȥԻĳһۡ
Ȼ̷ǲóȥģҪԶħѧ
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ֻ˵Կ
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ץסʲôҪȴƫƫ˵ĸоǾ÷ǳʹࡣ
ûʱȥʹ࣬Ϊ̨ϣλѾ׼ãҪʼ滭ˡ
еĳǹڣȫ׼˱̨ϡ

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һųףһ׵ĻֽѾ̺ãƹҲѾ׼á
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ƹı֮ϣŴǪ̶ʣԶһ׳վãƺɽ澰֡
ֳرʮֵĿǴֱʡ
󣬵Ϊڴʱ̣ǺһЦ𻭱ʣֽǰ
һɷڳɽкֱ£ײ·ʯϣ齦
˿кֱµķ·籼װ֮ʵ
ıȻ˿λ֮¡
ֳýǣ˷ܵĶҪˣϢȦ
ڼȪСɮԪһһ֣ûö೤ʱͣչ
Ҳɡ
̷뿴⸱׳Ļ棬۷Ź⣬ΪħѧУʱҲƲסļ⻭еĻҪ
ƹЦСᣬպĳɾ;Զҵȣη
æǫˣСҵ
ŴǪţǺûϧ˵ʲô
˵ʲôһ㶣⻭
ͷ˵ûʫʫлʫ
ʫףŴǪָһʫ
ûԱһʫ⻭Ը
ֻǣĻҲһʫʫΪܱʡ
ȥʫأ
λҹȻҲʫʫˮƽȻ޷ˮƽᲢۡ
Ҳû˵ʫ
ȻһλʫҲҶ֪Ǳ
ʫ
ոոоԼץʲôЩߣʱƺָоʲôֻȻ˵
ʱ̷˵ϡ˵ֻʫ
̷Ļδ˵꣬ȻҶ˼
ƹĿһۣ۾ﾫһЦʫĻʵҲףСѻͿһԡ
һϣȫѵҲóʫ
˿Ŀ⣬ǺһЦ˵ʫҵȻҲᣬֹңֳкܶѶᡣؼúòãϵ˼һԣ
ƹЦСѻһθǾϲ
Ŷ𣿡ٺһЦֵʫҵȻóҪʫĻҿɾֱѽʫд⻭֮ˡǾͲҵʫôӶһ𣿡
⡭һϡ
˵öԣʫܶ˶ᣬؼúòã
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Ҳ룬ǿɲ˵̷У˵
Ψһ˵ˣҲֻƹŴǪλҡ
˵ȻҲλ˵ʵڲϣһĻȴһʫˡ
ֻǣȴǣСֻ±ʾǡ
ңλһ˵ġ
˵ûһҪֱ±ʣ



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Ұãã̡
ͺž顣
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ʫ꣬鲻ԽĻͷٿ
ȫʫǳ׶ûлΣȻ֮ȴ˳С
Сݡ·塢졢ҰաžȵȣһһǰʫͿԸܵһʵĻ棬仭ʫڣԡ
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ŴǪЩζĵСʫ裬ǲЩ֮°
һЦ֪ʫһֻܶ²⣬λ½ͯʫͬһˡ
Դˣ⣬ݵλѾЩعˡ
ңѾЩݹˡ
ȻͲӦܼǵĲɷãոҲдʫˡ
Ȼӹݻṫȥ
ȻֳŴǪĻ֮󣬶룺֮ƣڴҲһ׺ʫղݣòͬһ˰ɣ
ܿ죬ִ˸ոյͷΪʵ̫ˣһˣһˣŵ˳̶Ȱɡ
Ȼոһ׺ʫһʫ˵ʲô⡣
Ͼܹʫ˾ж⡣

Ҳֳ˵ȥ룿̷ڷǳ˷ܣһʫʹļֵøߡ
ī̷֮СĽ׼óȥװѣȻչʾħѧ
ֳ˼̷ѻ𣬾ʮźǻûпء
̷ŵѻչʾ˵źԼ

ˣʱҲѾ磬ӦõɢʱȻȴû뿪
ֳýǣͻȻø˷ܡ
ԭԼӦýǵĲɷˡ
ȻˣǾͿʼɡ
һʱ䣬ʮͲΧΧĳǹڸࡣ
Ա֮ǰļ߶˲٣Щյ˷ʱġ
ûйϵ߶һͶһɡ
ûȼ߿ڣ˵λýѣ֪ʵʲôҾֱӻش˰ɡûҼԵũׯׯҲǡұáȸߡ
꣡
ĻܰŵһƬ˷дÿһ˵ϡ
ȻѾܣ׿˵൱ڻ˹ٷϣѰ
ڽɷõǾԵ˶
ʲôʱŻƳµƷ
--ʱûд㡣
һ߾ǣ裬Դô֮Ƿд裿
--裬һῼǡ
֪ƽʱסʥ壬εħҪΪʲô飿
--̫͸¶
ոѾڻ滭鷨ֱͬͣΪķΪҪ
--ҵıְԵũׯׯҿࡣ
ʫƺҲͣ˲ܲɣλʫͬһˣʣʵ𣿡
--˵ǡ𣿡
δôྭĸģ򵥵˵һ𣿡
--ʵЩҴģֻǸǸƵѡ
ʡ
--
ǵǳ࣬ҲֻѡһЩлش

Сʱ֮òˣл˼ǵļɷá
һڼȻδǻûء
ֻѾûκμӵģ˰СʱĲɷãҲټڽɢȥ
ǲɷõЩδ뿪ʱһȴ˷ĪңѾ￪ʼ˼ˡ
룬һεĸӣҪý壬дøӾС



پʮ µ֤
ý뿪ֳ֮Χ۵Ҳɢȥ
ȺУСԥãڻֱ뿪ˡ
̷УƹŴǪ˳ԷȻӦʡ
̷Уǣλҳһ֮Ҳˡ
뿪֮ʱλȥʥ棬λȻӦʣʾһȥʱҪúһʥʳ
λңʱ䣬룬ʱ䲻ȥӰתһȦ
ʱȦѾը˹
ʵϣֳЩý뿪󲻾ãһƪƪذϢѾ˸ýվϡ
ִʦʽ
ʦʾ¸ƻ
裬һῼǣ
ħĿĳԡ
ũׯׯҵҵֻǲ֮
ִʦóĲֻ֣鷨ʫʷ棬ͬƴʦ
ذִʦ½ͯʼˡʫʴпͬһˡ

ָı廨ţ˲ͳΪȦľԽ㡣
ĳֹ˾
һ߾軪֣˷ܵ˵磬ʦڹˡһʾи裬ῼǡ磬лʦˡ
軪ҲЩ˵ǰʱ䴺Ҽ˽ĴҵĽĿȻǳ裬Ϊ·ء볪ϸ裬ûкõ¸裬ܵʦдһ׸裬Ǿ̫ˡ
ֵʦħ磬ҪҪȥħ
軪ȥȻʦѾݣǰȥݷþͲʧˡ
룬ֵǻ磬ǲ֪ʦħʲôط
軪ЦЦ˵㲻صģа취
ֵͷõĻ磬ȥš

軪֮⣬вٵǸ֣ͬ⣬ЩħǸǣ˼ǻ硣
ֻǸеǳźǣħסĵطûбع⣬ǾŰݷãҲҲط
ǲ֪һһ֪Ǿǵݺɡ
εħûйϵ֪ħ֮󣬶һǰȥݷãȻ֪סĵطˡ
ɵϵʽǻ϶С
ԣڽʱͻȻӵ˵ĵ绰ҶйأҪôΪҪô֪ħסĵַ
տʼЩĪر֮׹ԭѾݡ
ҵɲ԰ħʱַ͸¶ȥ
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ڲɷУʦĻشǡ˵ǣ𣿡شЩѰζ
ţҲһֱ⡣֮ǰ֮ԻΪǲͬһˣΪǲˡڣʦڹ鷨ʫʷͬƴʦҲˡȻѾˣһЩҲƺǲܡϾǸԣΪǻпͬһˡ
ţ¥ϷĺеǰǴûǷȥӦˡϾλͬСδ̫ɺˡ

ϹۣеһȤҲ˷ܵĻ⣬Ǿǲͬһˣ
ý巽棬ҲԽԽرԼ²
ԽԽˣ뵽ۺͲ²С
ҵȤҲԽԽŨͬһʲôһ㡣
صƵ귿䣬˽Щֻ֮ǵһЦЩԤ֮С
ʵ˵һǰֻǴûͬһˣûȥۡ⡣
ȥۡ⣬ͬһ˵ʵѾعˡ
Ϊں֮ǰδʱһ֤֤ͬһˡ
ֻ֮ǰû⣬֤ʱҲԣû˷Ǹ֤
ڣţǸ֤ܿҪҳˡ



 ϶Ϊһ
ϣǷͬһ˵ۻڼԽۣԽǾͬһ˵ĿԽ
ֱһƪӵĳ֣ڽǹ۶
Ϊ֤ɽͬһˡ
ӵݴΪ
ͻʵͬһ˵˵߸տʼʵһʶΪǾԲܵġ
ɱ֪޷粻ˣԣ˲ҲȤʼȥѰ˵֤ݡ
һѰң߲žȵķ֣֤ݾȻѾֻ֣û˷ְˡ
˵֮ǰûҪȥ
ȣһγڴʱ䣬¡
ͯڽ·ݣһƪܡʼո¶ͷǡڽһͯ죬һסáճ
Ȼ˵ʲôǣҪߴңһܶ˶֪ʵ
Ҷ֪ͯͯƷǷڡȤζͯϣЩ˲֪Ȥζͯ־糤Ȩ
˶֪ȨʵǡáݳߣӨĸס
ڣǲǾãѾˮˣ
ȻҲ˵ֻɺϡҲϣȷпɺϣҲҪż˵֤
ٵʥԵũׯԽԽ󣬺ɲɣԵũׯׯҲ
ȻǶѾ֪ׯǡ
Ҳ˵˵ׯƽʱǾסʥġ
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ȤζͯĹٷ΢·ݵʱôһ΢ӦĶߵҪֹͬٷĻϡУ25ꡭ־סɽʥ塱
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Դˣֻ˵ࡣ
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Ƿ¥ķ˿ǣϢ˵ֱ̫̫̼ˡ
ղݣʵ̫˷ˣΰɣ
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У̼֮һ
ȤζͯȻôһ΢ǾȻ֪ȻӦ֪ˡ
ǸʱǶûм뷲¥֮˭ȥȤζͯǰ΢
ԣȻ֪ôһ΢Ƿ¥Ӧ֪¥;Ӧ֪
ô˵¥ʵ֪ˣֻûиǣղݣ̫ɶ˰
ô˵Ƿ¥Ҫ˰
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٣Ƿ¥Ҫһˣ

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ҲǴʱ𾪡˷ܡʲôֻ߼߶֮
磬һƬ
ˣݣʽ϶Ϊһ



һ 
Ƶ귿ڡ
Ȼһ΢Ȼܿͱ˳ݣҲʽ϶Ϊһˡ
ý塢ǵķӦҲԤϵĲ࣬ʼ𾪣޷ܣڵġ϶Ϊһ
ϵ飬ֻǼ򵥵Ŀ˿Ҫںͷ¥ķ˿ǡƤ
˿ǡ֡ô飬Ϊʲôһǣ
Ҳоݣɲ
󣬴ƽճ

ڶ죬1221ţıۣýɡ
ֻѾٹעˡ
ԭڽ죬ħѧӣ绹һģֻӣǱ߷˽ı䣬ʵǸ㲻Ӯ
ħѧ߸еЩź˼ҶˣҲǿ˼ǡ
źЩԭȥֳˣˣԶֳࡣ
Ϊֱ֮УһЩǹı
һǽֵûȥֳħѣ׼ȥֳۿһ
һЩҹеħΪǳ
˭֪ӣһȨˣ˸еֵĵۡ
С˲ǽҲҪվôȨأ
ǰС˻ǲа
Ȼźɣ棬˼Ȩɣ֪󣬻ǲɵ𣿡
Ҳǣǿϧ

ȻӣһȨˣҲСϢƣӣһεıԵòҹڻƱػĸ֣ٴǰսҲ¡
СϢ٣˵ź̶Լڲ֮󣬻и˼ıɡ

ӣһȨˣҲȥֳˡ
ȻˣֱȥӰ
߳ţµ¥ƵӴԸоΧЩһйԱߣȫԼϡ
߳Ƶʱߵӭһۣȫҵİƿɫ΢죬ͷȥٿ
뿪ֲ֮С˽
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ԣ֪ԼڵСȴɴ󷽷ڴϡ
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ȻһЦţεϵܣͲ΢עһ£Լǵȼ𣿡
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ȻԽƳƷܵĹעҲԽ󡣴һ˵Ȼкôġ
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εߣܴϿֻǶǣڵӰԿһߡ
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ɻΣ˵ֻǶԡ
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ðɣӮˡɵ



 
Ƭֵ̣ˣϵܣ쵽ڣǣߴϵʵ٣Ҷˣһ˺ҹϵϸʵǲƴǡ
Ŷʵ˭
ɵ軪ϵӦ֪ġ
ЦȻһ߾ħ
ֵ⵹ڣɵħ
ͷɣˡ
ɹһЦ˵Ҿ֪ϵӦġУϵܡǾѾ걾ӰӰȨǴȥ׼Լţ
żȵȡԽŮ֮󣬿гķӦɡ
ɵͷ˵⵹ǣԽŮгӦɻɣԹһ硣
Цϸ
ɹȫϵĸ

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ΰյ־磬ͼҴҵÿԪİ칫š
糤㿴쿴һ˵һ߽һ־ģĿԪİ칫ϡ
Ԫ̧ͷֵôˣСˣһϵģ㿴ȥƺ˷ܣ㵽ҿʲô
ΰֽոշϵĿǰƣ˵糤һˡ
ðɣҿԪЩεҡҡͷĵСƽʱذôôððʧʧģ
ϵĿԪˣֵСˣⲻ־ҿʲô
ΰΣֻõ糤㲻𣿡
ٿԪͷϸһʱһ˵ⲻϰϰ־ķ棬Ȼͨˡ
ΰֵ糤ٿݡ
һԪûٴ𻰣ֱӷ־
10֮Ԫ̾һ˵ֲõһμϰʱܸо˾򵥡û뵽˵ĲǺη
ΰҲһ̾˵ǰҿʱ򣬼ֱǲš糤һ󵨵Ĳ²⣬˵ӹ᲻ǡ
Ԫһ㶣һȻ׹ΰû˵Ļʶľ˵Ӧòܣǰϵһ룬ƺȷܡ
ûпܣ˵һ
ԪСˣ־ϰ飬Ҫ͸¶йӹ飬ҲҪӴ⣬ֻҪϰ־Ϳˡ
ΰ糤ЩȻס23ţһڵ־УӹƷʽʼءʱ䣬ÿ춼ͨ΢绰ʼȷʽѯʹӹϾҪʼˣǲʵ͸¶һЩ
ԪЦӹѾ͸¶ҿѾǳˣǾͲҪټ͸¶ˡ
ΰ󣬵ͷţһʫ㹻ˡ

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һ۶軪ϵƬҪһЩһʽװ
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軪ҲͬһȴиᣬϹŵЦݣһڼҴкͨоһָĪ֮С
軪ͻȻһ֡Сĸо
һ·ˡЦ
軪æĳǰˡ
漴⣬ϯ
º軪ѹеһ˿˵˵ĳˡ
軪û˵һЩ޹ؽҪķлΪ̵棬֪ǰ˵ٶ࣬á
˵֮軪ﾹȻһЩΪһ߾ǣҲһ
Ҫ֪Դá֮󣬾һֱһ죬ҲΪдһ׸衣
ڣԸƺҪʵˡܲ
軪еĿģȻ֪ˡ
ʵΪ軪дһ׸裬Ϊ軪ķһֱ
軪ȻҲҪͨԼʶ軪Ʒһжϡ
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ΪóĸǰЩˣʸ꡵Ѫ;䡣
軪Ȼûʧ
ԣЦϣһʲôĸ
軪һϲʣ񲻾ͱʾϣܴ󣿼æģյ˽괺룬ϣһףڴݳĸ
𣿡
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Ƭ̣ͷ˵ԣһңҷ㡣ȻֻݳȨ
軪ϲȻȻ̫лˡ
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Ļ˵軪ȻľΪ
дҪݳûȫϣݳĸˣ֮ࣿ
ԣ軪أĵĸмѡ



 ư
軪̸׸飬ɺھƵԹ뿪
軪ȲñҲī󷽷˳ȥвЩĽ
ͬΪǣȴڣ۰
ɿ˿軪ЦͲҪĽˣġΪǣȴͬͨһĴйģҲϵһˡ
軪Цҡҡͷ˵һܰôģҲֻһˣֻĽķݡ

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ңԶߣ
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ڰſڣûԥš
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˵꣬Ͱźݺһء
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ţſҪϵʱһ֣űûйϡ
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ֵĺëÿһЩ̽ͷ鿴ոСӾȻڣٵͷһһֻſﴦ
ëʱԼزŵԭǸƢʱˡ
ûΪʲôôһֻŵͿԵסôĹ



 Ů뻳
ë˲ըëˣŭСӣǹģʲô˼
ƺһ棬ҽȥûб˼
ѣëһģ˵棬ʱ侲˲٣ɵĴ治ʶ˵ȫİһӡûС
ë֪˽渴ӣ˵ôһѡȻСûŰ
Դɻ˵˭ʲô֣Ұʵһ¡
ɵˣԼȥͿˡ
˵ëЩëˣѹŭ˵ѣʲô˼˵֣ѣҲ˺
˺ëһۣͷ˵˵ҲеǸŮľҵѣƺˣһ߰ɡ
Ӵ
ëЩġӴһˣԭСΪ椶
ҲС椵ѣʱҲӦǺԼ˵ġ
Сɵİɣֻ˵ΪӢ۾ԼмＸ֪ˡ
գëˣµĿЦСӢ۾֪˭𣿡
ҡҡͷ֪
ëһЦֵ֪㻹Ǻ㡣椵ȷζΣûˣֵס˵ջˣˣСӸϽ߰ɣҲΪ椵ķϣҲΪ㣬߰ɡ
˵꣬ëҪš
ȻýһߣߵĴ󿪣źĺë˳һġ
ëЩǱٴŭģҪǵú緢һ٣ǲǣ
˵꣬һžͳĴȴ
ֻǲһãδ߻ȥ˵˵ˣѣҲΪ㡣Ȼ㲻ȥϴ˵Լȥ˵ɡ
ëɶأôáʱִ߳һˡ
Ҳ20ͣͬݸ߸ֻͷȾɫ
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ҪסΣȴѾˣѽһײ
ȻķӦ֮죬΢΢һһײӰ뻳С
е˶ܷܷϸӯӯһգ޹ǣ˫ֻǰ
ŮǱˣǺ֮ǰͯȥɫաҪڵͯġޱ
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ʱȻıأ˵Ȼһջ
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˷µ̶һ˲䣬ɨһ
һŲϣ˳ʳ;ƿĴɢһЩƿԼһЩ˾ƿ
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һЩԿšϴ֣ӦþǺëеġ硱ˡ
Ȼʶ
ǡ硱ңֱһӣͬʮҡ
ǰԶվһˣݸ߸ͷɫȻǻɫ
ëո׷ܳޱ
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ղݣС˭ҵ棬§ڻֱǻˣϽҷſëŭг˹
΢һëһա
ʱ򣬺ëëҲΧ˹
һ߰ʱվһ𣬺졢ơɫһĪϲС
֪·ʱ򣬻᲻˾
΢ʱҲڴӾлعԼһ§ţʶľҪС
ȴͻȻ§Լ˵ҪУ
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۵ţӦþˡУǸϽ̨ϿʼҿСϾҪˡ
µ۸ģѾ׼ˡ

ĸӼҡҡͷޱưſȥ
Χ˵֮ǰȣĽȻУֻǲμʣҺˡ
СӿЩ汾£ѹŮصĸˡ
ʲôʱҲܱ˹飬Ǹжã
㣬ҸžͲˣ뱧˹飿
ȥȥ룬룬ʲô룿


ֻǣôҲû뵽ޱû߶Զ¹
ֻôܵװֳǣϺãǸһԼԭ¸裬Ҫ׸ֳŮʿǽŮǣǵŮ
Ů񣿴һˣһЩŮˣŮ֣˲Ͳˣڴÿһ
ŮߣҿŮˡ
ԣԣŮߣҸұ֤ŮǽƯġ
ʲô񰡣Ůߺòã

˵ŮǱߡ
ʵأҲͼ֣ˡ
Ҷֳ֪ôŮˣŮҲв٣˭Ưģ˭Ů
ΪƯҾһƯûд
Ҷ⵱ǾưΪ˸գʹõһֶΡ
ʵϣֶεЧͼӰֳգɱ֮ǰ˶ˡ
Ȼֳһȴǽеĸ𾢺ǡ
һȻޱΧˣǱΪŮ߶Ȼˣÿνǡô˲˷
˴ҲŮܹһŮţԣӦŮɬģҲǼõġ
ǿ԰ٷ֮ٵĿ϶ŮǽŮ˭˿顣
˵˵ưɣǷħŮпǺĵһŮ
Ƿȫ˵˹ϵĵһŮӨ֮⣬ûʤŮģǶôʺš
ԣǻøϣŮһ֮⣬ǻҪþưЩˣһʲôŮ
Ҫþư˿ǾվŮԱߣǱЩҪ˵öࡣ
ǻҪЩ˿ŮʱϾϲı顣
һԽС
ԣһҪȫưɵ˵ע⡣
ʵϣѾɹˡ
ưˣЩƣǱߵʲôҺһһҲˣôûûˣǻѡһŮɣ
Ǿйע
Ǳʲôý˵һ˵
˭֪أǼƣƺŮǱһ
У˵ŮŮ񰡣

Զ˲۷׷ס
ȻЩýˣƴ˹ȥһ̽Ѱ˵Ŀ⣬һ֮£ʱͳˣֻһͷŮŮ񣬾ԵŮ񣡡
Ҳ벻ǾȻܹʵУ׿ĵطŮӡ
ǣҲ˿ȵĻ֮С
мƷŮϢɢܿ죬ưɵ˶Ѿ֪ˡ
ȻԶһЩˣֻ֪ϢȴûпŮ
ⷴǿҵĺģмƷŮȲҪ֪𰸡



һʮһ ȳ
ưɴ
ΧǣˣһʱҲǿдȺȥ
ⲻ˵ȥΪﻹЩģǾְɣǵŮ񣬴ʱקҵأٺ٣Ľǣ
ȻҲ̨֪ǸСӣɲƫƫʱѰŮЩͬѰζҺп֮ǰйء
ֻ⣬ʲôֶžˡ
ˣЩ棬Щ˵׼ʲôĹ
ߣޱȻҲߣΧ˵ͿɫЩߺ֮⣬ûκĸо
ңɫߺ죬ΪΧˡŮ񡱵ĺΪק֡
̨ϡ
ڵķֳЦ֪Ŀǰһƻǳɹˡ
ǳ˷ܣϰ֮һԽ飬ˣھưɵĵλɽ١
ֻ˷֮Щɻ󣬡ŮôƯ
ܿ죬ҡҡͷɲţŮдҺôšӦȺ˵۹̫ͣŮ̫ˡ
漴ͨ˷ٴ˵ǳлǵ顣ңǴҶˣһطѵ飬ǸǡǽŮˡǣ벻뿴Ů񰡣
룡
룡
룡
Ĵ˶ڸߺһΣĺ뿴һŮ񣬶֮ǰֻΪ˸塣
ڣưɴеˡŮˣ뿴һνļƷŮ񣬵ǲô
Ҫȥ̫࣬ôҲȥ
ڣ̨ϸոλĸʣȻҪǿҵıԸŮܵǵ飬ܹվ̨Ǿ̫ˡ
̨ϣǳֳ˵ķӦĺͦ
ֵ֮Ůܹ˵ܵҵ̨ܷǴڽΪ񣿡
ﱬ˱֮ǰĻ
Ų̊
Ų̊
˶ں֮󣬾ư⣬·˶ԼԼܹ
ںʹ֮£ԭûưɵ·ˣҲ׷׽뵽ư֮С
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٣磬ƺͿҪʼˡЩֻ
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̨ϣڵȴŮĵĸŮ˶֣ΪȫĻᡣ
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ٺһЦ˵Ůѵ㲻ΪȫĽ𣿡
ޱЩֵĵһۣ˵ҲŲȤء
֮ޱ룬ֵһָоƺ˹ⰲŵģ˵᲻Ǹ˵ֶΣ
ͷޱ뵽һ㣬֡
֪ޱʵһ˼ϻ۵Ůӡ
˵ϿȷֶֻΣҲȷʵǾưΪ˸գʹõһֶΣεֶΣԵûκκۼˡ
ޱô죿
Ц޷ңӦûһҷѣȻˣǾ͵ȵȿҲ
ޱֵİһۣ˵̨ȥ
æŮô׳СӸող˵һԭ¸裬Ҫô˵
ţޱβȳ裿
ص˻źš
˵꣬ɫĿվڲԶģ¶һۣ͸оΧ˵˼ԲͨĿˣҲǾưĸֻ߹Ա
֮վȻΪ̨ϵˡ

һȺеĺ¶ˣŮСﲻͣƺų̂˼ڶСĽʺ޵ͬʱҲ룬ǲӦòȡһжˣ
˴һѼññѹúܵͣⱻưɵĿϳ
֮󣬼ޱԣ̰ĿޱһۣȻ˵λֵܣŮ֣ǴĽʵúֵܰﶨȻҲǳɣ⵱ȻӦõġˣΪֵܻ̫͵ˣֵܾͲȫˣĽ𣿡
Χ˵Ҳ塣
һЦ¶ı飬棬ķּ٣˵ҵȻˣֻŲ̫̊Ȥɣ̨˭ող˵һԭҪ͸Ů𣿴裬úãŮһˣ˵ҵԸˡ
һԭƻЩ𣬲ҲûйϵȳҲС
˵ֵ˵УǴһ̨ϵĸȳ衣
ãΧӦ͡



һʮ Ų̊
̨ϡ
󲻶ɫĿ۷ĶϢкЩˬˣȻ̨Ҫȳ裬ΪԼŮ˲ɣǹģܺãҾȳ裬̨֮ҵҪ㵽жƯǸСӡߺߣ
룬Ȼ˵˵װǣǵŮƺԸ¶氡ûйϵҸո˵ˣһԭҪ͸Ůھȳ裬һ߾ȫİǵŮ뵽ǵ̨˵òã
ãɣǶ֧㣡ֳ˻൱ϵġ
һֳĻ֮˵ã׸ֻΪ񡷣͸Ů񣬵ȻҲ͸ڳÿһλѡ
ţ
㣬۾ĽëҺ񿴲塣
㣬Цݣ˵ķ飬ǽǡ

һ׿裬ֳ׸Ĵ£úƤ
ܶ˶ڸŽҡڣΧ˸ˡ
ֳΨûʲôӦˣޱˣƲƲ죬ΧЩ롣
°ͣţаɣǿھưɸҲһˡ
Ȼֳ̫ĵΨڶߵޱޱһЦ˵۲Ͱ
һЦʵ
ܿ죬ֳ꣬ȴǲûл䣬ܶ˶ʼߺŮ񡱣
ԭʵǳŮһ˺רΪĸӦó˰ɣ
̨ϵ˵Ϊԭý׸óЩϧֳĻ־ýóҲֵˡ
ʵϣȻ׸ԭʵǣҲͲ˸ʵĴ
Ϊ˵õ׸裬Ƿ˲ٵľԭǴڸõʱóġ
׸ȻҲͷǳģ׸һٴŮҲӦƲסϲ̨˰ɡ

ôֵܣ׸Σʵ
ͷһ˼ӣƬ̣˵аɡ
⻰һ¾̲סҪЦĵղݣСװһܶӣƤֲܹǣŮء
ǿЦ⣬˵ô˵ֵҲˣ
һЦ˵Ȼǰûµʱ򣬾;ɶġǣҳܶྭء
˵꣬һǵӡ
¶Ҳ̲סЦиЦû죬ã̫ˣû뵽СôϲװƣеҪð졣
ԭڿǣҪβҵõѵĻ᣿
ںˣԶˡСΪŮǰװƣȻ˵棬˵֣ʣྭ䡣ղݣǱôôװٺ٣Ҫ̨
ΧȻҲĻҲ̲סĹЦ
С۵
ţƴöˡ
ٺ٣ŮǰҲûа취飬ȻҪһЩˡ
⵹ûŮǰǶ⡣

ޱҲ̲ס͡һЦֻЦ˵Ц岻ͬˡ
ΧԼԼ֮и˷ܣĵܰСӸո˵Ļͣɢͺˡ
գ˵ֵܺñ£лһǼʶʶ
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еһЦ˵ֵܣڸҲˣǲǸǵŮˣ
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һϲæޱ˵Ů㿴飬ҵԸɡ
ޱԥƬ̣֮ĵ˵ͷ
Χ˼ޱͷʱһǰδеĻ
¶˸˷ܣɹֽһ
ޱߵȥˡ
ٺһЦ˵ȥɣ㱾ӦĴ
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ԣʱ˵Ŀ⣬ܿõǿȫۼڵķ
ޱһ·߹ȥȺԶֲһͨͨ࣬ǿޱݵˣ޲¶ŵɫ󾪺֮ǻ
ŮȻ˵ľɫ֮ǰѾŮǳ
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ͨľҲĿˣļ٣ֻŮܹЩߵ̨ϡ
̨ϣĿתĿޱ߹ķǿʮָȶ˵ġ
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ޱԽԽ𽥿ޱգо࣬ѾҪˡ
ոյĸ裬ȻΪ˾ɫŮӶ
֮ǰЦǱһȺ۹ͣûʲôŮڲ֪۹ߵȥҲǾԵŮ񰡣
ոջ˼ŮӴڲ֪Ӳء
ڣŮˡ
ŮӣΪҵĸ裬ſ̨ҪΪҶѾϿ𣿡
һԳ



һʮ Ҵ
ޱһ̨һΪȫ֮Ψһ㡣
ޱԽԽҲԽԽ٣ŬʹԼȥзȣ˼죬ڷֻΪ˷ܺͼ΢Щӭ㣬ǵŮ񡣡
ޱòԵĵһЦ˵ͷ
ȻòһЦʱĻŭţŮϿһֱ֡
ʱֳȫŮģһʱ䣬ȫȣŮ˴Ľʣ΢ԵЩ졣
̨ϵȴûиоֹգ˼ӦŮ񻥶Ա㲻˷һһʱ䡣
ȻһСӷѵ飬Ҳû
Ůһľưɣ
ʵϣԼۡˣֻ֪һѣԼֺܸߣɲȡǿӲʩǲǰ֪ͬ
ԣŻһʣȸŮСӵĹϵǲһģ
ֻǺԣкܴ˽档
ޱ˿ӳԵûȷһġ
һϲȻһһģǾ˵С֮ǰܲʶŸʶˣ
һʱ֮䣬֮ļȼաҪСӳҲ֮ǰǿҡҪŮ񿴲Сӡ
ֳŮһģҲ۾һ˼øĻ硣
ҲֻΧոռʶֶεЩ֪ŮǾͱˣܹ࿴ŮһӦ֪ˡ
̨ϣʵŮ񣬸ոΪ㳪ĸ裬ǿרΪ㳪Ŷô
ǺĵģȻŮΪĸ̨ˣǿ϶۵ġ
ȻͿԽĻ⣬иĻˡ
ȻޱĻشȴǣаɣǿھưɸҲһˡ
ޱǰѸոۣԭⲻհ˹
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װˣǾͲ̨ˡ

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Ůеġ˭ôо˵ӡ
ղݣСҪв˵ĺŮûСܹǣŮƵģ
Ȼ˵׸ǿܴ󰡣
ӡҲֳ˭ô󣿻УŮʲôϵŮΪʲôҪۣ

ڴĸ䶼С
Ҷ֪Ůеġ˭ΪʲôôĿ
˵ǣû೤ʱ䣬һ֪˴𰸡
Ϊ˵Ļںۺ˿Ĵ֮£ܿʹ˴ÿһ䡣
ԭһֵܸߵСӣ֪ʲô֮ǰɹǣŮ֡
ŮеġСӡĸֻۣΪŮǰװơ
ˣСӻţ˵û¾ʣдܶྭ
ղݣˣΨСղݡ֣ܹǴ˿̵顣
Сܹ֮ɹǣŮ֣֮ǰҲõĳװƵֶΡ
ƵǣŮСƺ⡣
ޣû
ĽּʣСȻǸֲˬ׷ײͣǴ˵СӲװƣװû
ȻҲ˳֧̬ȡ
װôˣ椵ʱװƣ
˼СǣŮ֣˼б£װװúãбҲȥ
˳ʲô̬ȣưɴŮС֮Ĺ¡

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ҲһЩֳۣ˷ܡʵô˵ŮеġҲˣ
ޱһֳۣЦ⣬˵Ӧöġ
Цƨϰ˵ˣһŮҲǹģСһţƾšҲãǾҴСӵĻԡʱŮȻмң˵иһĿأǾ͡ٺ٣
뵽ֱ˷



һʮ ȥ
˷ܵʵŮ񣬼ȻҲ֣ôҲдɣ
ޱϵЦ⻹ڣԴţдд˲پء
пЦãŮȻȴϵôáҪʲôĴ𰸣Ůش𰡣
ѹе˷ܣ˵ȻвŻôŮϣϣҲΪдһ׸裿
ޱƬ˵νģҲ⡣
СղݡһŮһôͲأɲС
˼һתֹЦŮǳʵҲһŮ˵ôвţһҸոһ׺ãҷǳ˻úѧϰһ£֪ŮɷҪ󣿻УֳĿǣҲһǳһĸġ
ֳ˺ϵ塣
ԶԣҲǳ
ĸһǷǳģǿ۰
ǣ˼д˺ܶྭȻǷǳġ

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ڿƺУСӼڼϵĻᣬȻǳϵĸˡ
̨ϣֳôϣе⣬˵Ů㿴ҵôߣҶһľҵԸɡ
ޱΪѵ˵˲㰡ؼҪûȤ
ֳޱ˵ȫ޺ðСӵʹʲôֶΰһ˼ƷŮ񣬾Ȼô
仰Ҳˡķ˵λѣܹǣŮ֣Ľʡ֪ɷչʾһ㴴ĸǿۼ
ǾǣѾͲҪƴˣǿۼɡ
ǰѣǼʶһ£ҪʲôĲŻǣŮ֣

ֳ˸壬ͬʱҲСֻš
кϷˣСճ
ţƴˣ̨˰ɣ
ٺ٣С֮ǰţƵʱ򣬿϶û뵽ȻӦҲᴵô󡣡
ҿʵҲð죬װû˵壬ֻ߸ɴţƴٴһЩ˵С棬ֵ֣ҲûȤ֡
ղݣСаƽʱҲûٴţưɡô˵ѡһ֣
Ӧװûɡ
ҿδأСӵĴţƵı£Ӧûѡţƴø󡣡
ٺ٣Ҳţƴø󡣡
ҵż񰡣ҵøѧϰѧϰ


ȺУܵĵȻ·ôҲǿȤ
۹ЦֵܣͷĻᵽˣһ׾ǾĿɿڴֵͳͷˣĽ
æֵòãҵľó
Сղݡһֵ̫͵ˣֱǸ˷緶ֵܣΪŮ񣬽øߵһأӣŮҲӲǡ
°͵ţ˵Ҳеҿǿǡ
Цãֵܾ쿼ǡ
˵꣬óֻٴθ̨ϵ󷢶Ϣ
̨ϣ󲻶ɫİֻźã˵Ҹոպ˵λѻڿǵСҪǴø飬λҲ뵽ǵ̨òã
ðǶʶһλѵķɡ
ǰǣŮֵˣǿ϶Щܹͨȵġ

ϡ
ȺУ˷ܵ˵ֵܣ̫ˣҪͷˡ룬̨Ůֳ֡ˣεĽ뼵ʣָо룬ˬòҪҪġֵܣûᰡ
һ˵Χ˸˼Ҳ塣
۾һ˷ܵ˵˵ĺеھȥ
˵꣬ƺЩȲ̨ķȥ
пϲôǰСŪȥˡ
ٺ٣ȥɣȥɣȥ˿ɾͲˡ
󺰺ǰһãóһͨǣŮֵҪ̨ȥˡ
һΧҲźǰóһ֮ͨͬǰŮͨʱһ
ܿ죬ưɴҲ֪С̨ˡ
̨ʱֳ߽ϰ˿ò̫ⲢӰۺ²ۡ
ղݣǰɣȥˡ
Сӻȥѵкĸ
ƨĸȥȻΪԺŲֳֵ̊ͬĽʵĸожˬ
оȻǼˬֻͲòŮǰ𣿡
٣ǶˣСӿ԰ţƴø󰡣ǾͲᶪˣҿСӣúء

ߵޱߣޱԥһ£ֱۣɫЩߺ졣
ޱһʱֳеˣȫܵһ˺֮Ĵȼգɱ˵Ŀ⣬Ҳ˷ϣ



һʮ 㳪һ׸
Цܺãˡȴ˵ӭλѣѼȻһѾǴ󱥶׼ҶѾЩȲˡ룬ֳǣ϶ҲѾȼˡڣѰѸչʾΣ
æֵû׼
ĵСӻװ˵úܹ׼Ƶġ
ȴװһϲı飬˵ѵѲҪ׼ֱӾͿԴǴʦʧʧֲѸոոۣ˵ҵĸǿءֻĻȴǸȲҪһôʦķˡ
һ˵˵ĲɣֻûȤԻˡˡ
⻰һֳˡ
ղݣСƤҷֲ˼ǣŮء
군Ҫ˵ƤֻСһˡ
ã汻ո˭˵׼ˣС׼ߡţ˴·Ӱ

Цȴֳ˼ı飬˵ŶûȤΪưɵ̨̫Сβ
ڰ֣˵ⷽԭ򣬵ҲȫǣΪƽʱԼд裬Լ裬ҾǰѸдҲû˳ԡֻˡ
ֳһһкղݡСװƣѾ׵װ¸߶ˡ
еˣܰѱװ̶ȣСҲ˲ˡ
ֻǣ̨ˣôס
һЦֵ˵ЦˣǾưɣôȱأѾҵĳУԸݳ
˵ĳھưɸȷһֻҵĸ費̫ʺ㳪
ֳ˲Сʲôɶܹҵó
Ŷ𣿡˵ûйϵǾưɵĸֻв٣ѿλ־˵Ƕǳġ
°˵ôҵĸ
һϲôҲѵ𣿹ڿҪ̨
æش𣺡ֹңֳÿһλѣѵĸ
ûûǶ룬һֱءֳ˺ϡ
ֵǣҵĸóǿ϶֮ǰ׺õö࣬ǻûӣ
ֵ᲻ҵĺãѵĸֳ֮ȻжϡѻĪҪټˣѡһְɡ
ǺðɣҾѡ֮ǰ󺣡ǸְɣҾǸСӲ
⻰ֳһ㶣ԭ룬Сһֻʲôѣ
û뵽˼һβˣ˼ֱӴӦˡ
ղݣûɣСӾȻӦˡʲô·˿
ȷ˺⣬С涮һְɡ
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ٶʮ Ϊȥ椰
ӺͨƵ˸ʿֱӻԼסľƵꡣ
Ƶ֮ľ벻Զʿ1Сʱҡ
صƵʱڳ˾ưɳûһ׵飬Լٶϴ
챬ϣʦ˾ưɣһףƷ֤Ϣġ
ڳ˾ưɣߴһ˷ܵϢʦո֣һ¸衣
Ҳھưֳ̫̫˷ˣȻҼ֤ʦ¸赮̡һ׾Եľֱ̫֮ˡ
УֹǺֻʱͷǳ⾳˻ζ֪ǲţţһʣдһӦòȨɡ׵ΪԸ÷糾̻ӡûУûУָΨʦܹдǾĽʺްɡˣԸǣͽӡ
ڽ˾ưɣ˸㡣

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ȻԽԽˣĵķģʦԳ˳˾ưɣҲȷȷʵʵһ׸衣
˾ưħ
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˵ʦ˵ˣʱû¸㣬Ҷ֪ʦԶΪһ¸ʵ
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ûݳȨǾ˵ɲһˣĿǰǳɲˣСӵĻԵҪһЩ

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˵øƵģ˵˵ݵһʲô椣
٣˵ĽǣǾԵļƷŮô˵ɣĲӨòѷһԼȥɡ
ҲļٵģǾưɣļƷŮ񣿡
ǲŰˣӦǹˡ


Ƶ귿
ǵۣᣬҲΨнĿ飬ȥһȺǳļһ
ǶڡӡۣǾͬģǾԵľ
ǰ޴ӣʲݳƷ1988ꡣ
⣬־1995ķ汾ҲǳϤ
ڣּ糪죬ҲעΪ䡣



ٶʮһ ʯһ
ħĳߵС
һ30ҵڴ绰Ȼһ۾ͻϳӾݺǸӡ
ӵֽ·
·ŵ绰Ц磬ζΣˬͷ˰ɡ
ˬƨˡ绰ǳĲˬ
·һ㶣ʵܰɣСһˣܳʲôӣ
һжû⣬ȴ˭֪ͻȻɱһּߵСӡۡǿ֣ȻСӵһ֮У˹ˡ
·󾪣ˣ磬ⲻǴ¡СӾ˶࣬ҲδؾֻҪò500СվǻԹԾͷġ
ҸտʼҲģڲˣСӾȻ˵500򣬾5000򣬶С˵Ǿţһë
·ɻĸ
ϻȻǿԵũׯǸ֮⣬кܶݡ֮ǰ֣ò˵Сӵȷͨˣû뵽ҲôǼ
ɵȷЩѰˡ·ü˼ŶԲߣһ۾һæŵ绰˵磬и⣬ҲȻ޲ߡȻ
⣬Сתÿ졣ɣô죬ˡ绰Ц
·Ұ£羡ܷġ
˵绰·ֳһ˿޵Ц㣬Σ

ڶ죬1222š
8㣬ޱסĺͨƵ¥£ʱޱѾˡ
˯ôʵ
ޱһЦ˵˯úܺãлл㡣
ޱҲȻɫҲһЦֵ߰ɣг𣿡
ޱͷţֻڹȥ᲻̫磿Ǹ˵11㡣
û£Ҳȥгתһת˵Եʲôء
ޱšһ֮ɻҲ
һЦ˵ȥ

ŵ㣬ޱ˵һ֡
˵ǹһʵǡӦǹ漸֣һģܴг
̣Ҳ·С̯̯λһһܵƷ
ڻŵ㣬гѾ٣ˣˣ˶Уԡ
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ֻǵͷǻһΰˡ
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ǿóЦϲĻҺˡ
ޱҡͷҪһ𡣡
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С䣬ôʲô֣˵
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ɫĵͷμЩС֪
Ը⣬԰г棬еĹƷȫߣǽһʾ޴ĲƸ
ֻǣȱƸҲûбҪˡ
һ·̣·С̯ϸСĲ쿴Ʒ˵ķʽҲһ
ޱƲ죬СֹȫΡ
ЦЦ˵ҲȫǣҲЩΪԼղء⣬Ҳõˣ˼ҵΣĻ档
ޱƲ죬ֹ¡
תһ·ڣֵϵ΢΢һ
ΪЩڷŵƷܵĸ棬һ״ʯͷ
ʯ
û뵽һֵȫǹ棬⻹жʯһء
νʯġ֣Ϊʡ
⣬ʯҲʣҲδӹԭʯ
ޱüӦþǴ˵еĶʯɣû뵽ҲСߣȫƭ˵ģרƭЩŷεˡ
ݸŮЩȫ޺øа
Ц˵ʯƺ̫кøУ˼һ治ƭ˵ġˣʯʵһĻʷԨԴء
ޱֹƭ˵ģҪЩϰΪʲôҪóԼȫп
ЦνһһȻзյģҷռԼȫпǻóȵǡ
ޱֵ֪ռˣôȥ벻ͨˣո˵ʲôţʯʷĻԨԴ
ͷǵģ
ʯʲôĻԨԴޱŴ۾һԲŵӡ
Ц֪走ɣ
ޱ赴ҵȻ֪ˡ
ͷǾͳˣ赾ҹʷϣΪһʯ



ٶʮ ʯ
ޱ֣˵Ƕʯܰɣû˵
Цû˵ǶȻڹʱʯ
ޱۣ˵˵˵ΪʲôǶʯ
׼˵أڴսʱڣһ˽ͣһڳɽУõһڡ
Ͱڣ׸˵ʱĳȻõ˼󣬵˵ʯͷŭΪ͹ƭնȥ˱͵ȡ
λְ׸Ȼһͱնȥȡ
ٺλû˫ȣ޷ߣ㱧ڳɽ£ҹ
ԭ˵̵ܵ˺ܶ࣬Ϊʲô޵ôģ
˵ҲΪģΪǱΪʯͷ˱Ϊ˵ѵˡ
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Ǻ赵ǽĻ˵͵õǿδӹڣǶʯֻ֮ǰûϲˡ
ڣǾıʦǱ̡֮ϧˡ
˵껹ҡҡͷΪ͸еϧӡ
ޱЩЦĿһۣ治֪赵
֮ǰֻ֪起ǳԸʮǳػȡ
ô˵赱ʿ֮ǰ˵ġʯ
ô2000ǰ飬ʯʷĻԨԴɣЦǺǵʵ
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˵úð赿ɲһʯôһԲϵ
˻ͷֻһ60ңʮߣվԶЦǡ
Ц˼ˣ˼ҿǶʯߣ
ҲЦҲ˵˼ûµʱ򣬾ͻתһתѡһʯͷȤûȴСѵһۣȤĽ
Ŷֵô˵˼ҽҲѡһʯͷˣ
˵ǣѾѡʯͷ׼ѡһ飬֪Сѿɷһ
ȻԣСѡʯͷֻһԭһŲܡ
ŶĸȤʵһԭ򣿡
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һ㶣漴ЦС˵òһԭ򣬲ôСѹһ
ͷޱ˹ȥ
˳ѡʯͷԱߵһ
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ԭʯСһһΣȳףСһ飬аƴС
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ȴҡҡͷڼ̣ɲþǺö
ԭʯ֮ʵ֪˼һ飿
ָһеȴСԭʯ˵
ͷ˼ҵб£СոѾԺԭʯˡ
ԭʯУԭʯлձȥһ鲻Ҳ׬Ǯһܹ׬ϼǧǮ
ָǿ飬ǲҲ׬Ǯһ顣
ôСأѡһ飿ʵ
Ц˱Ƚʯͷ̫ðᣬѡСһ顣
ЦСѵ˵ȤҾҪСˡ
˼ҾͲһֵǮ
˰ֵ޷޷
ޱʱ˵ΪʲôǶѡһ鿪˴ڼ̵ģ
Цֻһ־͸оûʲô˵
ðɡޱЩε˵

˵ޱ߳ոǼҶʯ̡
ʱޱĵܵҲѾˡ
һҹģĴĹǰޱĵܵܣơ
Сӳú˧ҲޱϡЩƣߡ˧֣Сӵֻ֮ǡֻдƴ
ʱĸ˧СԴվԼĽǰ
Сûٱ㡰ԼҲ֪Լ˶Ļһֱܵ䡣
Լһ׬ǮȫԱġ
ޱܵⷬģЩ̣ôĻȡ̵Ľѵ
̾һ˵λǡǡ
ԭһȴͻȻ֣֪ôܡ
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ãҽҪһЩ㶨Ȼǽ˵Ĺˣ̫лˡƿ˵
⼸һֱûҲûпţ䣬ֲû뵽ʲôֻǾ÷ǳм
ͷ˵ȻԣǾҵĶ𣿡
Ƶͷǵģ磬
һۣ˵ˣ߰ɡ
ޱɻͿˣ
Цţʣµ飬ȼǸ˵



ٶʮ ǿ
1050֣·ڹһ֣󻹸ߡ˸ˣȫǶʮӣºڿ㣬˿ˣʶľҪԶһЩ
һֵ߽ԱһС¥һ֮С
ΪżŲ輸ɳϡǻģ
磬ҪôԵúƵġһ˵
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磬СôƯֵ¡һ˵
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˸Ӿǰͦأ˫ֱڱ˫ųʿ粽վУȥǺƣֻǿϧȫá
ޱ߽֮󣬵Ǳһʶ߿˿
·̧ۿһۣû˵ҲûκεĶֻǼԹԵĺȲ衣
ߵİ˸ӣԼޱ֮۾ҲƲˡʱһΣΪҪ˵Ĵˡ
ֻǿϧעֻĿš
ޱܵ˵Ŀ⣬һ߿˿
˿ԹԺȲ·һЦкޱƶڶɳ£м䡣
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һţ֪ðСʯӡ
ͻȻʯӷָϣһֻ顱һԶһƿֱķѵըһ׿⡣
·˸۾͵һոձָһ£پۣƨҲۣæȥ衣
һЩԼҲôһ£ǶȻѪģߣǹͷҲöϰ
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˿̣·ֻб֮ŸԷһû룬ԷȻôһ֣Լⷽŵƨ̫Ͷˡ
Сӵ֣Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣֱӵȥЧǽκúõˣ
ҲûȡǿӲʩھͿֱܱˡ
գ·Цոǵˣλؾ˰ɣ鴫
ʱ򣬵ӣոõĲ裬СķǰĲ輸ϣ˵롱֮˿ص֮ǰվλϡ
ֻǣڸоվţѾһƶûˡ
Ц֪γƺ
·ʧˣҽ·
ͷгвٵĵɣ
·ֳ֮ɫȴ಻࣬ҹ꣬Ҷʯ꣬СС֣ڷԡũׯǲԶˡ
ҡͷ˵Цˣһƿֵ500ﻹСС֣ǫˣǫ˰
·̾Ϣǰȷ˼ҵԵһֵ500ϵ໨ƿֻǿϧԱߵСֵܲСĸˣǿôΨһԵļֵôߵı
Ŷô˵໨ƿǼҵ̣ĵˣ
·ȻԼҵԱģ
ͷ˵˵׼500򣿡
·Ҳͷûֵ԰ƬõصȨȥ⡣
ֵҶЩʲô֮ĶûоͲˣ500򡭡
·Ļ˵ǰ׼500򣬲ڣҸıˡҲҪǮˣҾҪԭǸ໨ƿ
ŶֲҪǮˣƿӼȻѾ飬㣿ǿ˰
·еЦһһǿѣǮƫҪǮָߣ㻹ܰ˵ƿӻԭɣ
˵仰ɾͲˡҵƿӣԭƿӣ쾭飬ǿˣ



ٶʮ 渴ԭ
Ŀ·һۣ˵ô˵ҪƿӣҪǮˣ
·һͻȴǵûֻҪ֮ǰǸƿӡ
ͷǵˣ뷨ȻһҸո˵ľǣ500ǾͲˣֱһһģһ໨ƿ
·һЦС͵ϵ
ڰֵˣҲҪһģһģҪԭһ
ûᣬ˵ľǰԭǸƿ㡣Ŷȷе˵ǻ㡣ķô죬ܵøķŷѰɡֵ500ƿӣ춼ĵģķŷһ50ɣһʮһ죬Ǿ550򣬴ۣ500ˡ
·оɣСӸʲôѵǸƿʵûд飿ܡǸƿֽŵģСӰƿӴȥСģҲɣһԿ϶֮ǰֱ֣Ҳ֤һ㡣
ôСӡˣӦСӲ֪ʲôطҵһһģһƿӣҪɻءߣ벻һ㣿Ǹƿڲһ޷ģµİǣҪɻأ޿ܡСӸҶվһЩ
գ·Цȴɫ˵Ŷ˵Ǹƿʵûд飿
ǺЦ˹صƿӣҸո˵Ҫȡƿӣķŷǲٵġأ
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Ȼȴżƿˣô˵ûأҲֻǰż˵ʲô
·ĵȻ50һļķŷѣ㵹Ǹ˵ûйϵȴӦ㣬ƿó֮ͨҵⰵǣҴͲ֮ǰǸƿӣʱ򣬿㻹ˣʲô
˵˵ķŷѵȷӦøģ50һ죬Ȼе󣬵ƿȷʵֵۡԣҾʹӦˡ֮ǰǸƿӻңסֻ֮ǰǸƿӡԸ֧ÿ50һ500ļķŷѡ
һЦ˵ˣˬ죬500۾գһ¡Ųֻ500СĿǻ־ݵĺáע⣬ҪڷܹЧ־ݡ
·һԥ˵û⣬ֻڲ־ݡ
УҿΪ׼ˡ
˵꣬óҳ־ģֽţڲ輸ϡ
·۾΢УĵС׼Ҳ벻һⰵǣ뵽ˣҲģ£ɡ־Ҿǩˡ
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֮ǰʱ򣬰ƿӵƬҲһˡ
ƿƬ˵Ѿãýܶ΢һ£ҪȥƿƬˡ
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ôС䣬ƿ޸𣿡һߣһС˵
֮ǰڷʱС俪ʼ޸ƿӡ
СˣѾ޸ˣ֮ǰһģһһͨƿӶѣħøԭ˵ֱ̫ˡ
ͷħøԭǿռ̳ר޸λƷ浤ҩ۸񲻱ˣһҪ10ֵ
֮ٴһ֮أһ˲һƿ
Ŵƿؿ˿500򰡣
ؿ˿ƿڲĳһطֳһ˿Ц⡣
Ŵƿصոյ¥£ޱƶ˿Ĵƿʱϲ
˷ܵ˵磬һģһһССۣһģһ
ЦЦƿݸƣ˵ҪҪϸȷһ£
ȴ֣Ҳˡ



ٶʮ ƿڵİ
ƲƿЩЦеĴƿף˵߰ɣȥʮ죬׬500⵹Ҳ
ֱզ࣬˵磬桭Ҫ500򣿡
Ȼ˼Ӧø
ƵѾˣֻ룺ļٵģ500ˣ
ޱܵܵı飬֪е뷨Щɸֵģݺһ飬˵Ľ
һʱѹڨڨЦҿûǱ£Ǯ
ޱߵ֪ͺá
ǰ棬е˵ͷСȡѵˡ
¥ķڣ·һƿ⡣
ֻϴһĪЦ⣬˵Ȼҵһһģһ໨ƿҲװۿȷ֮ǰǸƿһģһ
Цôþ䲻̫׼ȷⲻǸ֮ǰǸһģһ֮ǰǸƿûд飬Թϸһ¡
·ЦҲãȿһۣǸƿۣкüײĻۡ۶ˣҵǲðⰵǵ˵ˡɱﵣԽ֪Խá
գ߹ƿȥϸĲ鿴
ϸ֮£һСӺı£⼸۾ȻһģһֺܹƬϹ۲Щۣܹ׼ȷĸƵһƿϣһҶվù
ϸ֮·´ƿ˵ò˵ǺֶΣҶ֡ϧֶٸߣãⲢ֮ǰǸƿӡ
⻰һޱƶд󼱣Ǵôһҧⲻ֮ǰǸƿӣָǺã
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ǣ벻һ㣿ûзҲ뵽Ǹƿڲĳһطһֻңſöİǰɣ
Ŷǣɵ˵˵Ǹƿ澹Ȼаǣ
ޱƶʣҲǴ󾪣ֻˣˣˣýƻһˡ
Ƭ֮ޱ룺ɴûһˣ϶ǳܣҵʱӦΰοźã
Ƭ룺Уҵָܵܵô죿ѵҪҪ
̶ʱ֮ڣޱν顣
ʱ·ĴЦ˵©˰ɣⲻ֮ǰǸƿˣȻվ̫ˡ
ŵ·ȻҲһЦ˵˵аǣʲô֤ݣû֤ݣǲǿΪҪˣŹ˵аǵģ
·ɵ⣬˵żһĵģҲԹġƿù͸ָǸƿӵİʲôط
ȴǰֵҾó֮ǰǸƿаǵ֤ݲǡȻƿһָ˵֮ǰǸƿӵİǣطǿǲϵģ˵أ
ޱƶһ˵жʱִϲ԰˵аǾаǰò֤ݵĻȫԲϡ
·泩ˡĵôˣû֤ݣҲգҲʱ㳹׵ˣ֮ø͸ȥɣС椵飬Ҳټȥˡ
漴˵ҪҪʧˡ֤ݣҵȻС뿴
˵ţ·ֻһչʾһ߼˵뿴ƵƬ֤ݣ֮ǰģڷϽҲ֤ȷ䡣ôǲ׵ˣǲǾԼ̫ˣ
˵꣬һЦ
ޱƶˣԷó֤ݣµģֳ˹ȵס
·ֻϵ֤ݣͷ˵ȷ֤ݣɣЩ֤ݷҵֻϣұݡ
ݣ·һ㶣漴Ц˵ԣҪ̵ļסʧܵĽѵô
·ֻϵƵƬ͵ֻϡ
ͷɳϣˣڿ̸һ̸ʲôʱ֧500ŷѵˡ
ϡδ˵꣬·͵סʵո˵ʲô
ƿӻˣʲôʱ֧ŷѰ
·ʱȵСӣʲô˼˵ⲻ֮ǰǸƿӣ㻹Ҫŷѣ֮ǰ־ϣдֻа֮ǰǸ໨ƿңҲŻŷѵġ
ֻ·ޱƶ˶ɻĿ
Цû֮ǰǸƿӣ˵ûд
·֮ǰǸƿаǵģǸողſ֤ݣСӾͲˣ
֮ǰֻǸȷһ°ǣû˵ƿûаǡ
·ɵ˵ƿаǣ
ͷȻΪ֮ǰǸƿӡ
·ߵܣ
ָָƿӣ˵֤һ
·ߣ֤֤ҵҪСӵ׸ʲô޿֮ǰǸƿӡ
˵꣬·ùƿӣƿϸһ϶ʱֳŵľ֮ɫ



ٶʮ 500û
⡭⡭ܣ·ǲ֮ɫֻ૵߶һ仰
һ·ĵٴΰƿ߳ĵطϸ鿴
ȻԽԽľҲԽԽɻ󣬡ôܻһģһλãСǳȣȫһģһûһ˿һĲ𡣳ǣȷ֮ǰǸƿӣûд顣⣬Ҳܰ
·Ҳ벻ס
˿̾һҧ˵ⲻ֮ǰǸƿӣҲвͨˡ
ΪֻƵƬΪ֤ݵġ
·ķ֣СӺ·
ʱ򵭵Цȷˣ
·ûлػ˼ԭĪǡͻȻ뵽һֿܡ
Ǿǣһо֣ľͱƾͼƣַһ֡
ƿûд飬ƸƿӴˣ֮顣
ǣ·һ룬Ҳ԰öԷƿӶǮžģǰԤϵġ
ģ·ͻȻ쳣ꡣ
û500Ĺƨŷѣ·ˣǴ˼ƲɰˣȻģҲʧʲô
ңԺ󻹿Ʋߡ
ڣ500򰡣·Ȼõóõòɣؼǣģ
ƫƫǹƨ־ݣڷЧҲ
ԷͨˣȻ£Чôа취޷Ч
Էƫƫ·ް취
ȻǿȶԷ־١һ뵽֮ǰ赭д¶һ֣ٿʱƨҷŵİ˸ˣ·һ˸ûõļһ
ʱΨһİ취ƺֻС·˿еĴƿһݣ㽫еĴƿˤ飬Աˡ
ƿˣҲҪ⣬ҲҴŷѡ
׼еĴƿ飿ƿӿֵ500أôã˵¼˿̴ƿӣҲʱԼģŷǻҪġ˵
·ͷһȻֻͷ¼аһ䣬ֱ룺С֪е뷨Ȼǰ¼׼
Щûڵһʱ䣬ѡƿӴ飬ǸʱĻӦ¼
ϾƿҲ˲顣
ڣˣûˡ
־ݣҲɲ·ʵ벻İ취ˡ
ǲǿԻش֮ǰˣ˵
˵֪꣬ʲôطһʯӣа档
·۾һͻûĴһȻк޼ȴ̵500ĳ˵һСĿҪһЩʱճﱸ죬֮Ȼ֧⡣
ͷ˵Ȼҷǳ⣬һʺţ֮󣬾鷳Ǯʺϡ⣬Ҳϣǽöܵɧţҵ˼
·еĺⲻұ¶ϣֻޱ˵˼
ͺȻ֪ΪԼ£Ҹո˵ĻҲתˣҺƽõ飬Բԣ
·ֻõԣ˵öԡ
վһֽţ˵ȻˣǾͲˡϾҪȥǮæġˣ͡
Сʯַ˳ȥ
ֻһֻһ죬ѰȥȴľʵĴϣһСϸһСȻһСʯӣǶ2ס
·Ŀڿ껹ӵ֮ǰƿľ
ʱ·иǲ˿С˼
ţⴰͦӲġ˵ָ˵
·иֱôã㶼ȥ2ףҪһЩǲҪԴҲ̫۸ˡ
·æһ˿Цݣ˵ñ£ߣ¥ȥ
ڰ֣˵ˣæȥǮɡ
˵꣬ޱƶ˵ˡ
æӦˣȫһ֣ȿܵС
ޱȻƣҲܹҲǳ˷ܡ

ȥһ֮·Ž輸ϵĲ豭ƿӵȶ顱ˤ顣
֮󣬸ǷһţǸֵ500򡱵໨ƿ˸ϡá
ǣ˵ǣǲǺţ𣿸ոôƨҷһ500򰡣500򰡣ôûˣģ
磬һС˵ȥ취
·ŭƨİ취ٶʱڣûʲô취ˡ500ǳˡ
·˵Цһּڸɲ㣬Զɲ㣬ܻҵġ



ٶʮ Թӹ
¥󣬿ʱ䣬Ѿ쵽12ˣȥҸطԷɡ
ޱƶȻû
⸽ķв٣ѡһҿȥķꡣ
֮ѡһλ£֮ޱˡޱĻϲڳʲô㣬˼ˣϲʣ
ЦЦʾޱͺá
ƣʱû˼ȥʲôˣ˶ڿܵС
ֱż̫˧ˣּ500ֲ˵һȺƨҷһ
Ҫʮ֮һı£ǮҪ׵öˡ
һʱ䣬ֻհ
ޱҲ֪һãû뵽飬˳ֿ˶Է500̫˽ˡ
ޱ̲סʵֻ֪Ҫƿӵ𣿡
ҡҡͷЦֲɣ֪ԭʵһ㣬ǵйءҪƿӲҪǮ֮Ҳʱ⡣
ֱðǣʱͿ500ҪҪôײУ
ޱҲͬ۾˵500ɲСĿʹܳһʱˡ
ٺһЦװƵ˵Ҿ͸һѵ500ҿɿǮ
ޱһֵۣȻ֪ʵܹܲ˼һ£Щ˵ĸܣ
Ҳһæֱͷ˵磬ͲҪٴ̼ˡ
һЦǲ
Ƭ̣ޱ룬ֵǸ˵϶޼Ժ᲻鷳
ޱǹⲻȥһжǶǲЩ鷳ġ
ЦЦ˵ʱûʲôˡԺУУûйϵµľ鷳
ޱͷ뵽汾£еĵʧ˲١
룬ֶޱ˵ˣҲҪʡȥ˰ɣ
ޱֳһ˿ᣬȷһֱħ˵ȷҪȥˣӦþ졣
ͷֵţʱȥ㡣ܵأħʱӦû⣬ʱ䳤ˣ·ǱֿʼʹʲôƲߡ
ޱͷ֮ǰͺ˵ˣ֮󣬾ͺһʡǣߵĹѾˡ
󣬿ƣЦ룬Ǻ£ҪʵԼ룬ý̤ʵһһħҲãʡҲգʵһġ
Ƶͷлл磬֮ǰһŷƣŻĻ£Ժ󲻻ˡ
ͷǡʱ򣬷ԱõĲ˶˹
˱㿪ʼԷޱƶˣֻٷѾü죬ûгԳ˵ζˡ
ʮ֮˳˷ꡣ
ƻסĵطޱغͨƵꡣ

˵һӣڹԣǹӹ˵Ҳһӡ
Ϊ23ţһڵġЦУӹ飬Ҫҿصɴˡ
ǣһڴѾˡ
ûйӹ磬ǵУǲ硣
ټҲ֪ʲôԭʱӹ飬Ĵң㽭ĴңԼһЩңҲ顣
ʹʱ䣬ܶǶˡ
ȻⲢ˵ʱ䣬û߷顣
෴߻в٣ץľûҷʱ䡣
ǵƷθУվҪϲ١
Ȼ֮ǰ˺ܴҲڿȥ
վܽʣֻСһ¡
ںˣӹͽʹҼ档
Բ̳󲿷ֵĻ⣬ǹڹӹġ
ڵȵˣͿԿӹˣһ룬˶˷ܡ
ǰôûйӹ֪ӹһΣֻǴһʲôĽ磿
ҪǡǾĽͺãȻǾÿ佭磬ʵް
ӦòĽ˰ɡϾӹ˵ġ룬ӹһĽġ
ں֪ӹʲô֣
ǴҶ֪ЦǱߣǹӹˣʼû͸¶һǹ
Ҷ𣿹ӹ֮ǰдһʫС϶йء
Ѫȼʫôܻ֮ǰ̳۹ܳһʱġ
СҸоǽбҪ̽һʫˡ
٣һ󵨵Ĳ²⣬ӹҲСΪûܣ
ףһ˵ܣ
ҾӦòܰɣҲ̫ɺˡ
Ҳпܡ
Ҿòܡ
пܡ
ܡ

ִͣȥҲִȻҵи⣬ðһͶƱ˭ʤ˭һĿȻˣ
⣬ô죬ȥϵ

ܿ죬Բ̳ҳһλãͨһͶƱͨ
ǣΪӹǡС𣿡
ͶƱѡֻǻ߲ǡ
ͶƱͨտͨͶƱ͡ˢˢˢֱǡ



ٶʮ С
ޱصƵ֮ȥӰתһȦԽŮĺչĺ˳
Ӱ˳ˣ軪ĸMIDI
ֱ֮ӻ˾Ƶꡣ
Ƶ귿򿪵ԣǰMIDI࣬͵軪µ䡣
Ȼֵ½Բ̳Ҫʼأ̳϶вٵۣ
ս̳ȾͱһͶƱͨע
᲻ǡС˼ֹһ䣬˳ֵ˽ȥ
ͶƱ˷ǳ࣬ͶƱѾ10ѡǡˣռ˱İٷ֮ʮƻǱȽԵġ
ȻиΪӹͽСС
ǵΪȻȷģ׼ƷǰӹġС
˵ӹ֮ԻдСԴڣʫ̫׵ʫС
ԣⲿƷʫСΪƪ
ƪʫ20֮ǰͱ˹ӹ΢֮ϣ鿪ƪǰ20죬Ǽ档
ֻڣǻ֪ѣǿˣһЩ˼뷨
СҲͬǽӹƷУȽһƷ
һӹ󲿷Ʒ·ӣȷʱҲûкĳ档
дҲֻǸӰʯ֮⣬дҲֻǵ㵽ֹ
ǽӹкڵƷڴķ豹ĳԺͻơ
ԣⲿƷȻϣԶЦȣӹƷûзƷСҲԼص㣬ǳֵһ
ʯ컹ǡ֡ʱ¶Ժδ뵽˭֪ʶͬ塣
ȻʧȥһϤ뽭֮ȴò뵽ˡ˭بŵʣԽ֪Խǻֺ̿ͺͿ
ʯɽ߳뵽һ⡢ѪȺΣյ硣
ɥǵ΢ѪԣɱΪϷ
ɫɫĽˣ书ǿշǷ
ȻеĿԴ󣬲һеײб壬ţԣɱ˺еļʳԣе̰еĿꡣ
ͬһж磬Ǿ磬Ҳ˲١
ʯ롶ǾǵƣҲһЩͨ㡣
ǵ۾а峺ǣͨ۾һ˶ʣȴɱԵ硣
ҲѡСӵǾԭ
СͬһƪƷʮһأʮ֡
Ҫ汾޶棬Լް档
ǣµް棬޶һЩ½Ƹˡ
磬һص½ƣɡΪˡձӡ
ĵطһЩϸ޸ģȡ
ѡİ汾µް档
Բ̳һԵĿԸоǣڴͿ
ĵͷǰЩ֮㲻ɻңҲǴˡ

ӹ췢飬עĲֻԣеߣҲڹע
ˬˬӹԹӹһʲô̬ȣӹ飬Ƕӡ
ͬߣڹӹ̬ҲǸͬЩǳ֡
ЩУܲˬӹܲϣӹ顣
ƫƫҪȥоӹ飬Ϊ֮ǰͨоӹ飬ͷȡͻơ
ǹӹƷͻƣȴֲ֪ж䣬ϣӹ֮ǰ
ֻǲ֪ûӹ֮ǰȥо֮жµĸ
ⲻǸԼȥô
Ǵ̬ȥоӹƷȴƫƫܻø򣬲ò˵Ҳ˲š
Ҫ֪ߴϵȥоȴʼ޷ʲô
֮⣬һЩԹӹмƷصߣǵһζ
ϣӹ飬µĹӹƷоˡ
ͬʱֲϣӹ飬ΪӹһƱҪռ󲿷ֵгǱСгƱػøС
һֺԵì֣˺Щܡ
ЩûƷصߣǵͱȽˡ
ӹ飿ãֿԺúõоһˡ
⣬ҶµĴңԼһЩңһνԹ۵̬ȡ
ӹ飿
ţͷ¡
ȻҲоһȱ˸ĵоӹʲôʱ飬ǲ⡣
ǺͬһʱڷҲ⣬Щڴ
˵ףӹӲӲһ뷨һֱ
ӹǵķͷߣҲһֱڻܹأӦǵķͷӹΪһˣݷΪá
ʵϣҲһֱڻ׼ţʱ䶼ûз飬ϸĴĥƷ
ȵΪĥĲʱ򣬻һϲ
ȻһߣǶԹӹĲˬҲӲоӹƷҲΪӹƷã
Ҳͬעӹ飬ֻϣйڹӹĸۣԽԽá
ֱӰѹӹԭͣǾϣġ



ٶʮ ע
ɫĳ˾ưɣԱ֮ǰӵ˺ܶ࣬Ŵһֱ˽롣
ϸĵˣͻ֣ᷢ뵽ưɵĿ˵У˲ٴѼñīˣīܴñѹúܵͣס˰˿С
ĴЩãԵĸ߱ˣǿܲͨĿˡֻǣֲò硣ɻĿۣڳʲôӡ
㣬ưѾ˼ˣƶ̫ˡ
ŴȴȻ˲ͣ
ûа취ưɹԱֻʱŹرգҹһưʱлڡӡ
ʹЩ˿Щɵۣ³ȴŶȥƫƫﻹòУжƣж಻ˬ
ˬ鲻ˬҲ᲻þʹȥΪưſڣҲܹ泪ȻЧɣվǡ
ǣưſҲΧˣøһЩĿˣȴưſڶ޷ˡ
𱬵ԻκһҾưɵϰĽʺޡ
ưɴ
һ۵Ľ䣬һС˵磬ö˰ɱϳˡ
Ȼ軪ˣո˵֮ˣ
軪ҲСϲģִˣв٣ְңҵעҲϡ
ֵûݳȨֻ¶ǳģ׸ݳȨ˵صĸ֣רΪ¶Ϲġ
軪ͷȷУҵ뷨Ƶˡȵݳˮƽȥ֮ʦпܻݳȨģһһЩƬ˾϶Ҳܹõԣ󲻻ưɳˣ϶гƬ˾ǩġ
ֵȻˣƺӦùΪҲ׸뷨ء
軪ЦЦ˵Ǹպħܴ϶˵һ׾Եľ䣬ѵͲһ
ֺٺЦ˵ȻǷǳˡ

ĳ˾ưɣ֮Ի쳣ȻΪһסӡ
ھưˣֶҲĽʺޡ
󡢺ۡ˵Ǹӣĳ̶ֳ˵֮лᳪ׸裬һִٳɵġ
ְ˼ԼȴֻĸоǼơڡޡεȶһ壬ζ˹޷ˡ
ɱǣ֮ľ룬ԽԽ
ΪѾгƬ˾ڽӴˣĻ󶨻ǩԼһҳƬ˾ݷһʱ䣬ΪһλǸ֡
ȻڲûСӡݳȨҲԸıһˡ
ԣĸǣĽҲֻмʣһ⡣
ˣҸ̫ͻȻ˼ΪԼΡ
ڣ̨ϣֿʼΣٴγһסӡ
Ȼ˵ľ䣡һ׸ˣ޲̾

ʱԽԽһҲȥ
Բ̳ڹӹͶƱѾҲѾ¯
ܹг20ͶƱУѡǡռ˰ٷ֮ʮġ
Ȼ֧ͽССˣʤ
ôǽСС
𰸼

1223գʡǡ
峿ղûʲôͬҹɫûȥ·ߵĽֵҲȻţż·֮ˣҲɽŲҴҡ
ΨһвͬǾǸꡢͤſڣѾΧ˲ٵˣȻΪһڵġЦȷе˵Ϊ˹ӹ顣
ȻڡЦķѾ㹻ǲҪô磬ҲӦÿõǻôˡ
ֻ˵ѾȲҪӹˡ
ĳһͤϰ廹ûΧȻҲɵվŸɵȣ໥졣
һѧģ˵Բ̳ͶƱǶ˭Ͷˣ
ͶˣͶǡǡ
ҲͶˣͶǡǡ

Χһ˶ʾͶˣɲɣѡǡ롰ǡ˸ռһ롣
ѧģ˵Ȼ˫һôи⣬ҿƺûгͣǾô˴һģ˵һӮ˵һͣô
٣⣬ô죬ʡһǮҲǲġܵʮǮġ
УҿӦһʡǮŶԣͬܵʮǮ
һͬ⣬һЩ²
ȻҪΪǼֵʮǮͣΪһȤ
ʱ򣬱ͤϰˡ
ţ顣
õ־ˣڵһʱ־ΪȥݣΪˡ
۹ȻСҮ͵֣̫ˡ
Ӯ˵ļ˷ܲѣ֪ģΪ500ء
û뵽ССҲûϵϲ֮Уֻƾ־ͷǳио
˵ҲͬˣΪС֡
ʮǮͣȻû˻⡣
ˣȥˣǴһ𡣡˵
⣬ߣ˷׷Ӧ
һȺ뿪ͤ²ĳһ͵ȥ
ԼԼ֮˵
˵õҪʮǮİſǶеġ
ҸʮǮģȫꡣ
аûȥԡ
ǿɲУֳʮ֮ڳꡣ




ʮ Сؤǲǣ
ӹڽʹҼ棬֮Ҳ˴𰸣ʤڴˡ
ʤһȻȸԾ˵һҲɥСҲϲ
һڵġЦ־ȻֻڸʡʡڷУԲ̳ͳΪʡǣ˽ӹҪۼء
죬Բ̳Ϊӹ顶Сͨһרٵĸʡǣһ߿飬һרϸڡ
һڵġСȻء
һ£ձӡ
½ǲò²һˡ
ⶼʲôְǾһǡ˽ǡһθ˸ձӡһ˽ձļӸУ൱ǿҡ
ȻֻǹǵĶȤζ뷨
ⲻò˻ɣСǣòձİɣ
Բ̳Сרֻ˵һµ½Ѿ
ղݣСѪڣһȴձӡⷴҲ̫ˡҿӹһǹġ
٣ձССձⲻͦõ
ձҲܣھ룬ӹ˻ȡһʲô֣ĪҪ̫ͨˡ
ǵǷǳҪģӹǲȡġ
ǰʲôֲһûϵȴܲģһӹɱǸȻССˣ㻹ʲô
ðɣ˵Ҷˡ

ֻһ½顣ЩǱרǣǳԾĽǺʱ
½²۹ˣҲӦʽˡ
ƪһѪڵʫС
ȻʫǣѾˣ˿ٶȴȻúɣʮɱһˣǧﲻСѪжԵˡ
ԭӹ20֮ǰѾͨ΢Ŀƪֹˡ
뵽˴ǣͻȻһĪ˷֮Уʹʱˡձӡ
˷ܵ飬Ǽ¿
һ˵ǣһ༯Сϣһ·ΪһƺҪĶ༯ϵһձͷչɱ
ͷͨҲǽʿڵõһҪ֮󣬱һͷں༯ձΪ˶ǰᡣ
Ȼ죬һɱ֮ǻɱͨ
֮󣬱㽫ͨĵ̷˸׳죬Ҫҵ
ȴûҵȥ
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ͻȻл̿һƣҪСؤ书Ȼ̴ҪСؤΪ߻ħ
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ңڵл̿ͻСؤ书һ̾ǺüꡣȻĿϣСؤ߻ħ֪Сؤ϶ĽǣСؤ书л̿ͽ̵ġԣһǶȿл̿жСؤġ
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רЩǣֻ²ۡ
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ܿ죬һƪӳ¯ָΪ룬һȥ̽̽Ч룬ټ𲻳١

Բ̳ǡСרһȻ֡
ӹͣС֡͹۵ĽӹȷвŻԽŮǳޡڡԽŮ֮󣬹ӹѾʼͣǾļŰ֤룬ҶŰˣǻǿýζǳĵ⣬ΪôдǶԹԵȥԣȡΪ֡ΪҲһƷܹ֮ͣһˬС
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ӹԼߣΪԼôΪǶԹԵĿ顣

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ˣµʱ򱻴ӹûô򵥡ңºƲƾߣҲŲҪȥǵǹʹء

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ܿ죬ѦĽ׵΢رա
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ٽһһˣ۵΢½ꡣ
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˰ǱΣһԭˢڸУһԼεߣܲһ·ۣ
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¥ϷӴ֮ЩҲȥǹӹˡ

ǵۣЩ˵ģһ㰲οѡ
Ȼǵóӹ֮ĲҲôĽۣǾǱ絽ˡ

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磬죬Ʒ־ӦþͻˣԲ̳۵ҲӦָΪƷˣǹӹġС
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˵ķ˿黹Ǳô˵ƣӿķ˿ǣʲôʸţ
ѦĽסһƷߵķ˿ǣʱͬ

֣ôĴҵȺҶʵ
ҹָΪ˵̣עҪյģ̳Һ֣񶼲ȥСˣƴҲǺѡ˵
ǿŰɣ죬ӦþͻнˡС̳Ľ㣬Ǿ͵ϸһˣΪʲôӹȴ֮ͣһ˵
Ҷԡֲ֡ǿ϶ģԴڲźô֡˵һҲǺںţһ²ˡҲ˵

ʡǣЦ־硣
ΰü糤ǡƹӹ顯ĿںţƺԽԽˡҪҪ֪ͨһ¹ӹ˵ɶ֮ģ
ԪȴЦǺǵ˵Сˣǵ־Ӱ죿
ΰ⵹ûӰ죬һЩ۵ʱѾϻˣҪ󲹻ĵ绰һֱͣ
ԪⲻͳˣҲǺںţһ²ˡӹ飬ǵֵջġ
ΰ˼糤˵ǣҶˡ

ʱת۵硣
ָΪҲһֱڵǰǵơСӲϳ֣Ǿ;÷ǳˬ
Ȼȴ֣֪ʲôʱʼơСӣֵƵԽԽͣȡ֮ۡСӡ
տʼǺܶ࣬ʱƣۡСԽԽ࣬һǶۣȫǹۡ
ֱơСӳʧȫۡСӡ
⣬ڡСר档
⣬ָΪ߿ոպơС׵ЩʺţۡСҲ۵ǻԾ
⡭⡭ΪʲôҲǶ˵ҪơС
ָΪߣǲŵɫ



ʮ ̽Ʒ˹˭
ָΪɫ࣬ŸոռСʱļֻǿջϲһ
ڴԼƷӣҲһûг֡
ΪʲôһжΪʲô
ΪʲôӹȡΪ֡ȴȻ֮ͣ
ڿҿҵдոո̳ѺöĽôãЩֺáƷȴʽ
Щǣ֮ǰĵҪƹӹ飬תۼһɶ
һжΪʲô
ָΪ˫ȭգ͹ûȴȻ벻ס

ָΪ벻ףȻҶȴס
һжܼ򵥣ֻΪǹӹƷ
Ȼܲϲ֣֡Ҳ׹ӹΪʲôҪȡ֣
֪ӹȡ֣ԲΪƶߣҲָΪ˵
ԣﲻһ󣬵ֹ֮󣬡СҪģ޷ֵջ
ȻָΪ˵ĿˡҶ˵
ʵͦΪϧģǲܹӹעҪг̭ġ˵
룬ҵȡΪ֪֡ôһʵ
鿪ͷСһʡĻᱻƵġ˵
Сҵˡһ˵
ŶֺŰ׼飬Ҳǣȥ벻ľϲ˵
ô˵ҲˣҵƺҲ˵
ҶŰҲǡҶҲ˵
аǲһȣ˭ܹѹǹӹһͷΣ
ôˡҶһʡͬʱ˵
λҿν

ϣЩֵѣҲǰզ࣬벻¶Թӹ飬ȻûʲôӰ졣
ȻǶ⡰֡ˣֻ˵ʲôֻﰵӹôģڸҲֻйӹһˡ
ѦĽסһƷߵķ˿ҲѾĳԲ̳
ս̫ǿֻȱâԺ취ͼ֮

һ粨ȻҲ֪ġֻʼգûг˵ʲô
֪ûǸҪҲ²һ°ˣĵġ
ʵϣǰһοСʱҲͬݺݵ²һ󣬻ǹԹԵ飬濴
˭ôء

ڶ죬1224ա
ޱƶ˽콫Ҫʡǣ͵
ޱᣬվͻĻ˻֣תȥ
̾һҲת߿һʿӰȥ

ǿ񻶵ӣȻҲǡֻ񻶵ȺУ̽ԡ
Ϊ죬25ţһڵġȤζͯͽС
һƷͬʱʼأһƷһ̽Ʒ
ֻǵΪֹƷʲô֣ȴȻö֪ȤζͯǱߣû͸¶
ȤζͯҲûκεΪѾûбҪˡڼǰ϶Ϊһ֮Ӱʱ
ƷУ˺ܶ˵Ŀ⡣Щ˲Ի̽ԣҲȥȤζͯǶᷢʲôƷȴǺܸȤ
⣬һЩý壬Ҳ췢ƷһºܸȤ
ȻԺ̽˵ǶƷҲȫ˽⡣
֮ǰڷ¥͸¶ƷǹһܴСеĹ¡
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Ȼ϶ǵʽˡ
ô˭أ̽ڽչ˼ҵۡ
ĿǰΪֹ̽ûԲ̳ԾۼأĿǰΪҪľۼأǧ̽ɣ¥̽ԱҲû
ڣѾһƬ
µ̽¿ԿˣңһλС˵ʽأ䰸ľʳ̶ȣ϶Ҫ֮ǰġʽܡڴ
϶ᳬ˵ˣʽܡҪǸӿģƷҪǸֻߴӿġ
ҪǸ˭أֻҪʾС֪ǣƷ˹˭
ɲò£ҹʷڶϰƵˣ˵ʽ֮⣬аδȡ׼Թ㺺йڳˡȻ࣬Ҳ٣治ò²⡣
ǰʷڶϰƵô࣬ȴûʷϼǶϰݣʵź
źҲûа취ǾʵĶϰµġ
ûѾǳˡ
˵ӹ֮ǰǸһ²ͶƱͦ˼ġҪҲЧһ£ҲͨһͶƱͨô²⣬Ʒ˹˭Ҿô
⡣˳˵һ£̽ԣͬʱҲԡǱߵͶƱҲˣһ²ˡ
ٺ٣˼ͬ⣬ôɣ
ԣͬ⣡
ϣϵ




ʮ һ
ǧ̽ɣܿͿͨһͶƱͨΪ̽Ʒ˹˭
ͶƱѡֱǣδȡ׼Թ㺺йڳֻܵѡ
֮ͨͨ󣬲ͶƱ̽Ҳ٣ÿһѡͶƱһʱ֮䣬Ҳֲʤ

̽ͶƱͶ֣ǱߵҲǲ
ңǵĳԱṹȽ⡣ʮİ꣬ʮߡ꣬Ҳжʮ꣬һЩˡ
ȻСҲв١ֻǿҲǿ֣Ͳʱǹ֮ˡ
ǵҪۼص㣬ͬǧȵɡ
һСеĹ£ʲô£ò²Ⱑ
УôͲйˣҪ֪ڵĺĿǷǳɧģ˵ȴʱ㣬Ҫɧء
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ΪؼĻǡ֣һǹСеǽѵĹ£ţǳڴ
ԣ¥˵ĿףҲƴ֮ڣϲˣҲǳڴ
ǴҶǳڴòã


ϣصƵ귿ʱ̽ԵۣȻҡ
̽ǷͶƱĵƱҲ˲ࡣ
ƱǰֱǣδȺͿ׼ǵĵƱ಻󣬰΢һ
ЦЦܶƺڤڤ֮Ӧ
ûµ̽Ʒ˹ǰ
ȷе˵ʱڵİԣֳ֮Ϊ졷
졷ǰԵӾʽڵģ
⣬һ׳־졷Ȼ롶졷ЩƣϵС
ΪģҪһѡҲǵһ
ֻΪС˵ʽⲢûʲôáңС˵ȵӾӾʡ
ⲿӾУѪգֲʧƤȤһˣ塢롣ɡ³çùٳҷԴܱܴ֮ȴڣǳʵ
ȫ繲Ϊ߸Ԫ𡢻ۣƶϺһһ룬Ϊ֮ԡ
ţһƷǲ̽ʧġ
Ҫǣ졷ԸıɵӾ磬ӫ
˽⣬ǣһ̽ưĵӾ磬һֱǳڴ
أǸԸǱдһ̽ưӾ籾ıںⲿƷһ˷ܵ˯žġ

⣬׼ģһСеƷǡһݡ
ȷе˵Ǹıġһݡ
ǰһݡձʱΪƷȻʱΪ
ҪѱĹŴһ׼ȷֻҪ֪ǹŴͿˡ
⣬˱֮⣬װ棬ҲҪĳɻŴװ
ξǾˡ
ȻǲҪģ棬ǰĲͬ汾УҲͬ
һЩڵİ汾Уµλʿ֣š
ҲǰСʱļ䣬ֻںһЩ·İ汾УŵȴǱ侸
֮һıĻУСҶӱСУ۹ϰ˺ϰ塣۹ϰŮ֣ҲΪġ
ȻֻǲֻͬǰڿЩֵİ汾ʱܻоһֶʱ黳Щϰߡ
°汾룬ǿʹãҲڤڤ֮ˡ
ҪǾ鷽档
ձԭ缯һ296Ȼһߣʵÿһ඼һĹ¡
ԣ׼еľ缯ƹһЩǺܺõĹ£Ҫ
ʵϣǰֵķ汾УҲǲȫġ
˵ıġһݡ

ҹϣ̽ԵۣҲƽ
ǶƷڴ֮УȴԽԽǿҡ

1225գ峿
롶ЦʱֻڸʡʡڷвһȤζͯķзΧѾǵȫء
ԣʱȫض𴲣ԼıͤȺ
ʵȤζͯ㣬ȫûҪô磬ڴԼȻѾȻ˯Ҫ˯Ҳ˯š
ôȻǳڱͤţԱһʱ־ˡ




ʮ 
ĳУĳͤ
һŵӣΧʮˣһ־ͬϵĸоĵֻһ˯ţֻǲ֪Ϊ̽ƷƷţӦû϶Ϊ̽ƷɡϾϲĻСӶһЩ
գߵһ۾ӵѣҲô磬Ϊ̽Ʒô
۾ЦǰԼˣԾˡȻΪ̽ƷҺһѴģ˭ܹ³Ʒ˹´˵ˣҪԷһٷȲҪ֪ˡ
ŶŶʱȤʵôѲµ˭
۾ӵҲµǰѲµδȡһָоһӮˡ
۾һЦӢͬˣҲǰɺϵǣҲѴģѲµǿ׼
۾Ц룬Ӯˡ
˵ĶԻҲΧ˹維²һΧ˻Ϊ̽ƷֻΪƷ
²ǰˣƺȷҪһЩǧ̽ͶƱ12㣬ͶƱͨرյʱҲǰĵƱ࣬δȺͿ׼
ǰδȣֻˣҾöҪֻҪ¾ʾˡ
ȻҲ²ҲǾȤˡ
ˣһϣܹӮ
ȻǶϣܹӮϾҪˣƺѾʼ˷ˡ
ٺ٣Ҳǡ

˶Щ˷ܵʱ򣬱ͤϰˡ
ţ顣
õˣû뿪ԭذ鷭Ҫ֪µ˹˭
ף˾־ҵҪĴ𰸡
졷
֪𰸺˵ķӦ΢Щϣеļ;ϲЩɻ
죿˭ʷô𣿡
֪հѵǰҼǵðֽϣʣҲӦǰϣʰ
пܣ˵ʷϷǳȻǳû֪ӦþǰˣֻǣΪʲôҪ죿
ٺ٣òˣǰҸոɨһģ濴ˡ֡
ȻǰΪʲôа죿԰һʷϣ๫㣬Ȩ˽Ӣϣ겻ƽһǬô
죬ãðһ죬̫ˡ

ԭˣʱ˷ܲѡΪǲ¶˹ǰΪ족֣̫иоˣžܡ
ִ壬ŲηǿȨΪǬš
˷ܵˣק־໥˻֣ɢȥ

ͤ龰ֻȫͤһӰÿһͤƵĳͶԻ
족ǺڰľƣԼ䴫˵еĳƷʷвûС족һ˵
ԣˣտʼ֪ǰ
֪ǲ⡣
ʵϣһֱСү˵ڹŴͨѺù١٣ү
ôǺ׵ľ⣬Ѱ֮Ϊ족ԭ
˷ܲѣֻǾѾоⲿƷԻǳľʡ

е˷ܵˣֻЩͨߡ
ں˷̶ܳȣ֮Щͨԣй֮޲
дһưĵĵӾ籾һֱںԸ
ġʽܡտʼأʱںˣȥʥݷ
ҪʽܡıΪӾ磬ֻʱܾˡʽܡҪǸӿƷʺϸıΪӾ硣
ʱҲŵˣԺƳʺϸıӾ̽ƷʱһѵӾıȨ
ں֮󣬾һֱڴš
󣬵ڶ̽ƷȴǳٳûƳںż
ڣںڿ̽ƷȫԸıɵӾƷںܲ˷ܣ
ǡ족֣ں˷ܵͬʱֵ࣬ķ̫ء
ģڸı籾ʱһҪŬڹͺ֡

졷̽ƷҲܿϴ
У족֣һοˣһס족ǰ֮󣬶Īеһ󼤶Ƕ̽ƷȤˣҲͬˡ
족֣Ǭ족Ļ



ʮ ư
Ѱ֮Ϊ죬ʹһ̽Ǳ֮ǰ˷ܣҲڴݡ
һЩ֮ǰûд㿴ˣڿˡ족֮Ҳȥһ־
ΪģΪ
˵졷ֻƾһͳɹ˸Ķߡ
⵱ȻǷǳõ飬ͬʱҲһõĵط
ǾѴҵڴֵñ֮ǰߣҪôҲеʧݣȻҲҪ֮ǰڴֵ߲С
ȼҲֻؼҪΣ
ôݻô𣿴ֻп֪֮
⣬ߵڴõ־̽ԣֻǿ֮󣬲ʱӵķ̽ǣȫ־ʼ顣
һΪ¡
ڵһµĿƪǼ򵥵Ľһ±®һԻˣ״Ȼ䳤ȴЩء̿ͷϻһӡ
űֱӿʼ˵һ
ٸӵһ˱˵Լҵķϵɱˡ
ܿ죬ٸϵֳڼʬ֮󣬵óۣߵжϣߵȷϢԵպۡ
ˣжϳߵȷϵ
ʱߵɷ򣬼ˣ3ѾҲϤڳɷ޵úġ
ȻϵٸҲ׼ٶܣοɷ򼸾䣬׼ȥ
ʱ̿İˡ
ˣ߻лû˵ꡣ
ܹ˵һٲǳðҪҡ
ȴ˵˵Ȼ˵ұȻ˵Ļӿš
ٸһλͷӣͷð˵һ˵˵˵һЩʲô
ʬ֮󣬷ɵ㡣
һ֮ǰոշ¹һţ֮ҩ
ţļ²ҩ˵ǰļ²
һƶϺܿʹ˵Ŀеõ֤ʵǰȷļ²
Ȼѡϵɱѡô֮ǰΪʲôҪβҩ
ңţ֮ҩڳȥ֮һʱĸʹֺα֮ǰȥʹࣿ
ϣǣڳҩʱ򣬲ûԾ뷨
ǵһɵ㣬ڶɵǣ߲պ棬һĴָӡ
ɴ˿жϣⲻɱıɱ
ǱȻαװϵɱӡ
ڶ߿жһͨССϸڣжϳıɱ
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ڶߵѾ׵ĹǡõһµȲķڶ¡
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ƺвڳ֤ݡ
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үԩðó֤ݣٸȻҲҪ֤ݡ
Ȼ֤ݡ
ȣүϷǳɾ·ϣϣЬϣһûС
ү֮ǰ˵ǸոմҰҴҸϻġ
ôүЬϣӦմһЩӦɾ
˵үո˵ѡ
Σ߲ϵĴָӡЩ֣ӡСǡ˵ֵĴָϣӦôŰָ֮Ķ
үĴָϣǡôһöָָȡȥ߲ϵӡȽϣȫǺϡ
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ʱүȴǺԩ˵һֻɺϣΪʲôҪɱԼķˣ
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ΪѾﺢӣүգԼķˣαװϵɱӡ
ֻǣֻ֣©ϰĳ֣ûߺԩ
졷ĵڶµ
ǡ졷ĵһֻһСһСȴѾڶߴˡ


ʮ ɱ
˰ǰ£һӿ꣬ȲݣȲǧ̽ɣ׼ȰѼǷһ˵
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ҿҲЦˣ˼ҰȷƤڣ⡮̿Ҳ̫ˡ
ѽһӾʣҶԺİӸڴ˰
ǰ̫ˣǿĹ۲ͷ
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ǰҪһڲˡҪÿ춼и¾ͺˡ

һ̽ˣЩʱӵķ̽ǣЩϲķ֣ԭưĹ£ôˣ˳Ϊµ̽ԡ
ЩȴôðһЩŮһˣҪʬϸĹ۲죬Աҳưô˸оûš
ǿѵһ꣬ȻҲðǸϽ־ԱһƷĲϲ
˶ϲƷġ

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ȻʹŶ·®֮ʱȴǷ⡣
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һɱ®ݹٸԼ˵İ֮£̿ͱɹˣʹŶоա
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Ȼ̫ȴǺ֣ܲԷ®ݳмһòŮӣС
֮󣬸̫ӶСв֮£СÿζڻԵɺߣûø̫ӵóѡ
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ģڣȴһ㲻֪ȫûӵˣԻ¡
Ŷ¥ϵ˼ǣǸ̫ӻ
һԤУһ󰸣Ҿ̫йأ
ҵҲϣ̫̫Ȼɶ񣬵Ͼ⣬ҴξڣЩ鷳ãġ
ǰҲǸ̫Ӹŵԭɡ϶ǴβҰôǿɶ񣡡
濴ɣǹƨ̫ӵ˵Σ

ľ飬һ̽Ǽ˷ܡֽš
Ϊ̫ӾȻˡ
ɱһ֮У״̣ڿֳ֮󣬵óۡ
̫ӵȫ¹ʮ˺ۣȫǱץˣ̫ΪʧѪ
⣬̫˫ɢң˫΢գƤѪʣֳѪ⡣Щ̫ǰ˷
̫ʬԱߵһľϣ໮ۣ۵̫ӵָ̫ӵָڣҲľм
ɼ̫ʱǰµģΪ˴ĳֵֹѶϢ
֮⣬һصʺġʮ֣ȻҲ̫ǰµģӦҲΪ˴ֵѶϢ
ֻʮ֣˼šֻδд֣ʱȴǲö֪
˷˼ǣеŴȫǴ淴õģɱ֮󣬲ܴŻߡ
ΪĻŻ򴰾Ͳܴ淴
⻹һɱ˰
Ҳ̫ӾȻˣǸ˴ˡ
̫Ҳǹҵģ˭أҲֵͬ顣
ɱ˰鷳ˣְɲƣͿˡ



ʮһ Լư
̫ˣ˶֪ˡ
ܸ̫Ӧãڴξڣ´һвжΡ
ܾưҳףǱһͺпìܣǱ
ֻǸһǻһЩҪսĻ˿塣
˸֮⣬߾и׺ݵڻ
οԲںս˱ؽû֣ξͽΣס
ңҶ֪ιȻʮָߡǳأ߱߹١߷ѡ
Сָ߱ʿǳ࣬ͻɢ͢ѿ޴󣬾ӵսߣԶԶȲƻɱ
ԣξԲϣ͸սôưͳ˵֮
һ֪̽®ݹٸԼȻֻɱ˰ôƵģ
ȻɵĶ󣬱ǸʹŵˣΪʹŶӶסǸڣǸ䱸ɭϣ˺Ǳ롣
Щ˷ֱǣ߻ϣ飬Լһλ
ϸŲ飬ÿ˶вڳ֤ݣҲûҵɱ˶
̫ǰµץۣصġʮͼҪʲôѶϢһʱҲ޷ƽ⣬ĵ뽩֣ǰҲû˿ͷ
һ̽ǰżֻŰܹҵ˿Ӷ˳ư
ٽ̫ӱɱһ´ظ߾ǲпս֮⡣
λʵҲѵõ棬Ϊףһս£ʵǲүʷİǰ®ִ֡
ˣ̽һϲ淭
Ȼҳ֮ȴǷ֣ûˡ
µ
ҿ̲̽סĴг
ôûأһͷûУôûأ
ֵ˭˭˭
̽źôǸиȷлɶҲа
ϻò˯ˣ
ÿһ̽Եģõղܡ
ҲưƷ֮һֻҪŹˣ֪յ֮ǰһ͡
ǧ̽ɣҲѾը˹
ղݣûˣˣˣ˯žˡ
˯Żã½һڣ鰡
ǰ£̫ˡ
ŵڶӣôһ󰸣ⲿƷԽԽڴˡֻ£Ҳ̫ĥˡ
˵˭֣
ҹӦʹŶĳһˣϾ˲ս²ǡ
ţеֻЩ˶вڳ֤ν̫ӵķ䣬뿪ģЩ԰
ҾûѪдɵġʮͼǹ죬ҪһʲôѶϢ
֪һжֻнȥƽˡ
ϧҪһ֮Żˣ˺գ
ٺ٣и⣬Ǽ˼棬ڰ´γ֮ǰǰӸˣʱ򣬺ٺ٣Ҳøʰ·硣
¥ϵ뷨ܴ󵨣ϲô졣
ͬ⣬ǰ־ˣԼưǰʱû۹

һ飬õһ̽ǵĻӦǣڸڰ֮ǰصɱ˰ˡ

̽ǣȻġȤζͯɲֻС졷һƷǣڽҲǷǳҸġ
̽ȣԵṹҪС࣬ҪΪĿǰΪֹƳļƷȷʺ΢СһЩ˿
еƷ𣿴ȻǷ񶨵ģʱ죬ȻƳ͵Ʒ
죬һһݡѾ㹻Ǿϲˡ
ǧɵ̶ֳȣһ㲻̽ѷɫ
ڡһݡһ֮ǰҪǳĽܡ
һݣǣڰ³ңССͱǻ۹˶£ˣȴֲʧȥСƤͽƻԡ
СУסڰ¸СŮÿɰĵĸʣүүΪ밲¡
侸ʿոǿһһ
齫ΪһݣȴǱһݻ⡣
ʦ֣һݵʦ
ϰ壺ˣǳУթ̰Ϊܴһݣÿһζûеóѣʱ򻹷һúܲҡ
ģϰŮΪ˰ᣬҲͬŵһݡ
Ĭ롢öºУһݵʦ֡
ּ򵥵Ľһ£һڰ³ҵԭٽֱӾǵһʽˡ
һУһݣǣ֤Ĵ


ʮ Ȼϻ
һУһ
һ죬һݺʦǵȥԵһطΧһȺˣƺʲô鷢
һݺʦ߽֮󣬽˽
һʮ꣬ȫ޳еǮ˼үżɷļҶϴҡڵš
ү·ߣһˮϲ̯ϵˮܲ˳־һԣȴֲǮ
ˮϲǲϣҪǮĹУү໥˼¡ϲմ֮䣬ү·Ūˡ
ӣүˣһҪϲһ·үǼ·ֵʮӣϲʮӸ
⣬ͰϲŮȥծ
ʮӣϲôǮŮȥծȻǸӲˡ
ϲûа취ֻÿү̧֣Ըˮ
үȴǲϣֻҪӻϲŮ
ΧΧ۵ȻͬϲҲǸǮүҲû˳
һľǳүˮǮдȣ֮Ҫǹݡ
ֹүү۸ϲҪˡ
٣үһЩȻǮҲԸٸ򽻵
һү˵ԸϲһᣬһһΧӡ
һһΧӣϲ²⣬ɫΧһֻϣ
ϲ¶ˣϲ·ŮѸոճ˵ˮǮˡ
ϲ´ˣͱҪ·Ůˡ
˵꣬Ҳϲͬ⣬ү㽫ֻճȭ֣쵽ϲǰϲ¡
ֻаٷ֮ʮļʣϲȻǲϲ£һݼˣϲ˵үүҲǳУ¡
˵꣬ү˵Ҳ°
ү󣬹Цǳ˵СУ´ˣ㿴ϸˡ
˵꣬Ҫ֣һݺΧ˿
һͻȻ˵
ôСиıˣүʵ
һҡҡͷ˵ûУһǲ²ҲҪ֣Ҫ֡ǺӣǾ֤ǲ¶ˡʿ
үɫһ䣬һݿ˺һ֮󣬲Žӣصһԡ
֮һͭǮԸϲǸոճԵˮǮȻкԼļҶˡ
Χ˿үﶪǺɫҲһֱСеãǲ¶ˡ
һݵĴʦȴ˵һݣ̫³çˣһ´˿ɲͺλϲӦñٲŶԡ
һݹЦʦַģǰٷ֮ٻ¶ԵģΪǸ˵ֻʵǺɫӡ
ǺɫӣʦֺΧһʱЩûӦƬ֮ס
ԭүϲ²ɫֻֻ֣ȴǺɫӡ
ϲ²ɫֻ֣Ȼˡ
ýƻˣһݱѱľ棬ת˱Ӯľ档
׹ˣ׷׿СһݺôϲҲǷǳмһЩˮлһݺʦǡ

һҲ۾һǴһݡ
ҿʼΪСһڿأԭô¡ţѧһС
⡶һݡСˡ㻹˵ЩС»ͦȤġ
ȤǻѧЩĽķǶС˵ԺܺõǿԽϰߡ
˵ĲΪÿһλҳӦȥһȤζͯȻԼĺһ𿴣һ߿һӣһһ𿪶Խ
ûûǶȤļҳҲҪźһ𿴡


ĳҳȺȺ1000ˣ亢ӴΪߡ꣬ʮҡ
ҳǾȺһЩӵľȵȡ
춼˭ˡһݡ
֪Ȿ飬µƷոСһû
ֲϲʲôҼǵȺЩҳƺͦϲġ
һݡͦ˼ģҽҶԿһ佨ͺһ𿴡
ǰɣɶͷ
ٺ٣ǿ֪֮ˡУûȤζͯģҪϽȥˡҹһڵġȤζܻͯϻ
ļٵģɣҲϽȥһҲ󡣡

ҳȺֻȫҳȺӰ
ļҳȺڽ죬ҲƵݡ
⡣
ϹʱһһڵġȤζͯ˵ġһݡֵһ
ǲҪȥȤζͯҲҴһ
С֣ҼǵϰԱߣƺһұͤ鷳һȤζͯţԶԣһڵġ


Ʒ졷Ϊ족֣ʹáȤζͯ˺ܴһµߡ
һݡͨļҳǿڿഫʹáȤζֶͯһµߡ
Ľǣһʱ䣬ȫٵ۵ġȤζͯȻϻˡ



ʮ ֪˭
ʡǣȤζͯ硣
糤칫
С֣Ҫץʱ価̻ȡһڵٴ¸ߡ糤Ȩ˵
糤ģѾźˣҿһ¸ߣûκε⡣гֶȨ˵
ȨͷЦǾˣȥæɡ
õģ糤ȥˡֶȨ˵꣬һ칫Ŷȥ
ֶȨȥлЦû뵽ϵεôͣһͻ1000ᣬӦûκˣͿܹﵽˡ
ǰȨҲϲԽͯ־ǧ֮ǰû˻ţ1000ᰡ
˵꣬Ȩֳĸ̾һȤζͯﵽͯ־һ֮󣬾һֱˢŶͯ־¼
500ᣬ600ᣬ700ᡭҪͻ1000Ĵˡ
һ漣һ˵漣
ȵͻ1000һ̣ȤζͯԻٴγΪ־۵Ľ㡣
Ҫ֪ÿ1000Щ־˵һѴﵽοǶͯ־ˡ
뵽ȨлúǼһߵ

ħĳסլСڣһ30ҵӣԼ20ӣΧһһ־ģ鼮һ߿һֹ˵ʲô
֮ԻǡֹΪ˵Ļǹǵԡ
ȻһȺˡ
ͻ֣ᷢȺ˾ȻףǼ20ӣǰǳӣһĳԱ
Ǹ30ҵӣȴα֮һľһɡ
Ƕħûлصȥ
ʱ־ȻǡȤζͯȻ˶ܹöġ
ľӣôһʵ
ԭۡ졷⵹ǲ֣ľһھ̽Ʒڵ
ľһԣˡ
ڼǰǳľһһֱڻǸ澡ʧǻġ
⼸죬νǸעǰ죬ݺ϶Ϊһ¼Ҳʵһ
Ҳû뵽һֱĵǡʽܡȻͬһˡ
ԾľһֱЩ˷ܡ
Ϊһֱͨ̽Ʒǡʽܡڽ¡
˵ĵˡ
ںˣ˱һˣɾҪöˡ
ʱӣ缸ľһ˵ˡȫ۾һ
һ˵ľѾ֪˭𣿡
ľһɵͷ˵ȻӲӣ΢һ£˭ͳˡ
һۣڶԷ￴˷ܣܿ˵ľǱһλᣬܹǰӵع⣬ƱػһЩ档
дΪǳӷİӣȴ׵ľ͸ˣ϶ܶġһҲ˵
ˣڹעӵĻƺǳ࣬Ƕڷǳ۷Ҫƽӡ׵ľ͸ˣЩ˶ȻҲеҪǣǻ˶еʧΪưƷϵˮƽԶԶȲľһٶãһ˵
ľһһ룬ҲΪһβĻᡣȻܶɴӰ죬ҲǱһСˡ
գЦһ˵ţȷһλᡣұ㹫Ӹˡߣֶǰҳˣҿһڻأ
϶ûȥˣҪôֱӰⲿƷ̫Ҫôֱһӡһ˵
٣ľڣһӣٴǰҳȻӣһ֮ȫ꣬Ǿûа취ˡ̫ˡ۹һ˷ܵ˵
ûľڣдһӣǰһӣֱûдȥΪֹһ˵
ľһü˵ĻҲǵⲻֹ˵⼸ոע΢óˡҾ΢ưںܶ໪˶ʹ΢
ľͨ΢̫ˣʱ򻹿ԣȻûпǾ̫źˡ˵
ľһɵͷҲٳɣóֻ㿪ʼ΢עģľһҲעᡣ
ֻע֮ľһһֱûù˵ôͲ
ڣóˡ
ľһɵİ죬ڷ˵һ΢֪ɱ̫ӵ˭



ʮ 조ʮ֣ѶϢ
ľһɵ΢֮ʼʱû˿ҲûʲôӦȻûп
ʱһƵӴһλҪĿˣܵݣ
ЦĳĪ֡
ͬЦĵˣĵǰĳǳҡ
æڰ֣˵ӦĳҲŶԣĳǰˡ
Ȼ˵Ϊ˴ĽĿ
ǣҹִʦĴƷȫڵԸȻҲĳԸӦ
ЦҹҪҲֵĴͳգҲǴڵҪɲ֣ĳȻԸΪһʵĴѾĳƷˡ
һ㶣漴㷴ӦӦǴԱԼǰҹˡ
һϲ漴Цĳˣ֪ɷһ£Ʒʲô
ͷ˵Ȼԣһ׸һСƷ籾
СƷ籾һ㶣漴뵽ɲִֻʦһݣܴСƷ籾Ҳֻǲ֪ôţӦǲġ
ġСƷ籾˵һľϲһĴĽĿˣһ׸һСƷ
˼ת۾ԽԽѾһЩ뷨ƱؿˣˣڽĴйעڴ
һĴͲô²ˡ
Ϊܵݣѹ൱ĴкܶˣˣڴԽԽȤˡ
ʹЩ˶ԴȤĿνǽʾֶ֭ξȻЧȴƺ̫롣
ڣ۾ԽԽЩ˵ãðĴƷشҲʧˡ
ĵ̫߿ĳˣֻԸʱ򣬹ǲĳƷеʧͺá

졷롶һݡͬʱڡȤζͯ־ء
졷У̫ӱɱһԵĹע֣̽˭Ļ֣
졷صɱˣɱˡʮ֣ڴư
һݡȤǻۣܵҳ׷ҲҳôҲܴ
ȫصġȤζͯѾϻ˽⣬ڡȤζͯͻƲ˼1000ᡣ

ڽ磬ȫضжýر˸ģԭûдע˵Ĺע
ղݣɱˣɱˡʮ֣ţƵӣУҲȥһơ
ҺҲͻȻưƷȤˣҲȥһ
һݡôý嶼ˣӦȥһˡ

ԽԽ¶ߣͤȥȤζͯ
ֻǽ
ˣ
ĵܵµһ
ϰϽһߣҾš

ͤϰ˷ܲѣȤζͯѾܳˣ۸ǻ𱬣ЩǮ

ǧ̽ɡ
˭ۣȻеķǳңִ˲ˡ
ֻǴȥ˵ֵģ˵Ǹֵģȴʼòʲô֤ݣҲʼղ²͸ɱ˵ַ
ףľһɣôо
УǸһ°ܽѣ¥ôͻȻˣ
ˡпǼһ΢˵Ѿư֪˭ˣ
ղݣһЩҲ΢ˡѾưļٵģУʲôϵ
ϴ󲻸İɣŰӸˣ֤΢ǰɣУȥڸʲô

ľһɺųѾưϢĺܿ죬̽ǶѾ֪ˣ׷׵½΢

ľһɿԼ΢ѾͣеһЦѾ׼õĵڶ΢˳ȥ
ûѾưҿӣƺӹ죬ʵ֮ȻҲ˵ˮƽУиðûó
⻰֮⣬ĸ̽һʱû˵¿
ɱ־е߻ӣϣ֪ҿ϶Ҫԭһһ
ɱ˶ᵽ̫߻ϣǸΨһڵӡ
ΪʲôҪһ䣿Ϊϣɱ˶̵档
Ϊ̫ˣϣΪΨһĶӣͱض̳иλϣɱ˶
Σ̫ʱǰµɱˡʮ֣Ϊ˴ʲôѶϢ
һδд֣δд֣ǡǡϣҲǡߡ
ҿֺ͡ߡֵĿʼʣһʮ֣ϣֵĿʼʣһ½ǶȣҲһʮ֡
̫ӵֻûд꣬ѾѾˡ
Ϊǡ֡ߡ֡ǡϣ֣ҪѶϢǣ߻ӣϣ



ʮ Ƥ
ò˵ľһɵķЩ˵
⻹̽Է
ֻ˵еϽɱ˶ûʲô⡣ɱˡʮ֣Ȼпǡ֣ǾпǱˣһϣ
Уϣвڳ֤ġңΪʲôҪ˲̵ַɱ̫ӣԼν룬Լ뿪̫ӷģһҲûн͡
˵ĲϣҲᰡ㵹ǰЩɵҲ
ǣϴӮ㣬㲻⣬˵İӣǿɲš

ľһɵ΢棬̽ǣ˷ԵĹ۵㡣
ľһЦһ΢
֪ҲôҼϣ֮ô̵ֶɱ̫ӣȻΪ˸ưԱжϣ˲²͸ɱ˶
⣬ϣĲڳ֤ǣ̫Ƕʱ䣬һƵȾƣ˳ͻƵƺ;ƿͿΪ֤
ôһԤ飬Ǿڽľͨ飬̫Ƕʱ䣬ھƵȾƵǸˣϣϣ˰Լ첻ڳ֤ϣǱ̫ӵķ䣬ɱ̫ӡ
ңʹŶӸյ®ʱǴϮ¼Ҳпܾϣ߻ġĿľΪǰ֪Ҫɱ̫ӣһǴһˡȵ̫ıɱ󣬴ҾͲỳɱ̫ˡ
ɱ˵ķǾ̫ӵķڣͨĵص߰ڽᱻֵġ
ϷжɱһϣҲţɵȵһڵسãбҪһصĻ
ľһɵ΢һ̽һ顣
ǼһǾ仰ɶ˼˵ԼѺľ͸ˣûбҪˣղݣŰ
һҾͲֻϣ
ϿķеҲô򵥡
ǣҳǼһȷЩ£ǶջǱġ

һ̽ǣȻľһɷеȴΪӻô򵥡
ƺҲ˶Ϊġ
һЩһֱһˣľһɵ΢֮۾ǿˡ
עһ׺ţĿǧ̽ɡ
ô׾ͱҵ֣ⰸڿҲȷ̫ˣЩʧɡ
ưƷϵĴ츳ô
֪˭֮󣬶ⲿƷڴȤͻȻ˺ܶࡣȰЩ׼ӵһⲿƷûд˵ôãӰɡ
֮ǰôڿԽʧԽ󰡣

Щ˺ܴǲֱӺƷǲƺε߿ࡣ
֪ӲŻӰ쵽Щ־ᣬֻǸ׼ӵˡ
ֱӹƷЧá
ò˵Щ˰յú׼ǧ̽ȷһЩ˱Ӱ쵽ˡ
һ˵ҺҲôһоˡ
ٺһ㡣
ûд˵ôãţһʱˣԼʧȹ۲һɡ
ȵһڵس֮˵ɣǲʲôľһɷ


ħǼסլС
ӣ缸ڿνʮ˷ܡ
ľ̫ˣⰸһƣҿкЩˣƺٶܵһЩӰ졣
ǵȻڻ˶ķ˿ġ
̽ƷĴˮƽ治ľˡôõĻᣬܴ
ǣǧֶ̽һЩӡ
ǣǺãӣģŻѪƵİӣǵľƽ⣬ǸеǳıǸⲻˡ
ҲͦģһڵعûˣͬʱҲû˹¿ɿǱǸǸ
ҲõԺûй¿ɿǵľ̽ƷƷҲ鼮ɿˡ
ʵأϲľҲϾ
Ҫ˵̽ưƷǵÿǵġ

Щӱһ̽ǿһ㶣ղݣӣЩһϴαŵһֱȨھȻƤҲ˲ò
ϴӣħѧһ£ϴһ̽ǣȻ֪ǵġԡȥ
ӣļˣ﷢Щ֮ˡ
ǲżˣȻ̽ǡսˡЩҲ͹ˣǱɾҲûйϵǵĿѾﵽˡ



ʮ ϣ
ľƵصԼľƵ֮󣬲ſľһɵ΢
֮󣬵ͷľһɵȷ汾µģȷϣ֣Ҳҵ֤ݡֻˡ
ûжľһɵ΢Ӧľһɵ΢ЩƣҲ⡣
ƵԽףʱþԽֺαȥ
Լ΢Ǳˢˡ¿һ£϶Ǵ߸ġ
ڵġȤζͯѾΪڿһڵʱ䣬ڼ֪̽˵Ȼ̫ˡ
̽Ƿ׷׽飬Ȥζܹͯӳһؿרء졷
ؿȷʵؿ´һ롶ȤζֿͯС
Ͼ졷ʵѾǶͯˣһֱڡȤζͯϣҲǸ¡
ңԺ󻹻ƳģǶͯ࣬ҲƷҲҪһµ־Ϊ塣
ȻҲͶ嵽־ȥԺ֮£Ҳųֿܡ
һԼĿҲбҪġ
ȻһЩ飬ǲȥɵġԺճ־еȣӲȥɣֻʺ˦ƹ
ôô죿Ȼ˺ˣһŵ˺˾Ȩˣţл
Ѿ׵˺´һռɵİٷ֮ʮȨлռٷ֮ʮ
־ӪȨл𣬷Ѿᳵ·
Ȼддˡ
־ķڣƷҪʱ̶
Ȩ˵һжѾ׼ֻȿͿʽˡ
졷һؿ϶Ǹϲˡ
һڵأüڡȤζͯϣһ̽ǣҲֻٵһˡ
룬һ΢־һ̽ԣǣһ֮󣬡졷תµ־Ͻأ췢һڣ֤ҿ񫡣
Ӧþܰ̽궯Ĳɡ
ʵҲȷʵˣһ̽ǿϢ󣬶ʱûȸԾ˲䲻궯

һڵʱ䲻һľһɼʼûж΢Ӧиǵ⣬Ϊ޻˵
ǣڼָ˼΢⣬ɳӰĶڱƵİ̫򵥣ûʲôˮƽ
ټһЩȫصˣҲƲӣļˣҲʱʱĳ¡
һڵʱϹڡľһɳɹư޻˵ԣʼûͣЪһڵġ졷ֱ̫ӱɱһ˵
ȻЩԣȻҲӰ쵽һˣ̽ԣǼţûô򵥡
һڣڡ졷ĸֻʼղϣҲûһڵľݣӵϤ
ֱʱ11գµһڡȤζͯС
峿ȫ̽ǣڱͤǰһڵġȤζ֮ͯȫڵһʱ־ҵء졷ҳ档
ǰһݶ֮޲Ц
ΪһڵĿͷһڵĽβġ
Щ˵ʲôһڵġ졷ֱ̫ӱɱһԣơ
Ц֮İ־ϣ뿪ͤ׼һطĿʼһڵư֮á
˰ѵطѡãһƣһڵư֮ʽ̡
һ˵®ִ֡
ƹչ
۲ѻɵĿ⣬߻ϣϡ
Ҳȷϣɱ˶ɱ̫ӣϣͿԼ̳иλ
֮󣬰ͨһϸڣϣĲڳ֤⡣
֮ʱھƵȾƵ˲ϣˣϣһ¼ٰ硣
ɴ˿ɼϣشɱɡ
ǣŹٲۣ׼ȥϣ׽ù鰸
µ˽
̽һͻǰɣȻϣңϣĲڳ֤⣬ȻľһԤһѵľô򵥣
̽ǣЩȷˡ
ľһǵЦȲָһ΢ɣֹȻϣӦ˰ɡϾˣϣһӣܹսһЩɡ
ӣļ˸˷ܵĲѣһʱǧ̽ɡ
ʵѾ֤ľһɵжȫȷһҲȲˡ
ϣ˰ɣľ
ּ򵥵İǲ֪ʲôͷֻڴľƷˡ
ǣְҲǲſ𾢣ǣľƷٿʲô졷Ǿۡ
˼ͽ졷ƵʲôӵİأǻҪ⡣

ȫصˣҲŹᡣ
ϣһ˼򵥵İӣʧˡ
ˣˣϽԺİҲûʲôȤˡ
ǰ߻̫ˣϣܹݷ꣬ƷĴɡ
ЩûӵģǧҪˣõʱһʧ




ʮ ת
ϸ䳰ȷϣһ̽Ȼ֪ȲĶ⹥ǲôϡ
ֻǣô򵥵ĻҲ΢һЩʧ
ԴŲͬ飬һ¡
һһڹٲۣ߻ϣסķ⣬׼߻ϣץ鰸
Ȼһ˳߻ϣķ֮ȴǱǰĳˡ
߻ϣȻˣ
ң״̫ӵ״һģһֳҲ̶ãʬԱߣҲͬһѪдģʺģġʮ֡
еĹٲ۾ˣҲǴһ߻ϣȻͬһַɱˡ
Ǿͱʾ֮ǰƶϾȻȫˡ
ٲۺͰԾпˣҲͬԾ
ңǵĳԾ̶ȣ֮ˣй֮޲
Ű˽ϣץӵ˽
ȴ˭֪һתۣϣˡ
һ̽ڳԾͻȻ˷ܵĹЦһ޴ľϲ
۹ЦˣЦľһɺӣˣԼոЩĵˡǾͲܶ࿴һٳ𣿡
뿴ľһɴʱı飬һǳľʰɡ
Ҫܹɷһľһɾͺˡ
ֻľһɣӣЩ˴ʱı飬ȻҲЩĵˣҹƵûʲô顣ΪѾϰ߱ˣѾνˡȵһΣֻıճ
˵ģڹȻˡֻǣһ½ʱһ˿ɣ̫Ӧˡ
ûӦþԵŶԡ

̽һʱľһɫѿȻôһ֣ڳΪ˱еЦ
ֺּޣæѸոոµһ΢ɾ΢ո²ãӦòࡣ
֮ǰЩ΢ûҪɾˣЦ
ľһɶ־֪Щʲô
ӣļ̶ʱ֮ڣǵνõ
ǸոշЩӣǳĴǺѸոЩɾϧûǸȨޣֻĿЩӣΪ̽ǳЦĶ
ϡЩ̽ǳЦǵһ֮ǰǳЦЩ̽һ
군ľһҲװӣļˣȫš
ֻ⻰Ҳ˵ڡ

̽һ˷֮˼ֻ䵽һ룬һͻˣˣ
֮ǰһ̫ӣһ߻ӣΨеӣڶˣǺˡ
Ҳˣ鷳ˣҪץʱư
ϣ֣˭оָͣ
ܼʱưҪˡҴǲ£ֻ̾ζͿ̿գϣ̰
ֵ˭ʲôĿģ
ԽԽӣҲԽԽģÿˣȥˡͿҰưɡ

ϣӸӵĸ룬Ҫ֪˼ǿҡ
Щ䳰ȷҲͻȻȫʧֻʣ¶԰
Щ֮ǰܵӰ죬ʱûӵˣһߴЩɿļһһȲС

ư̼
ͨһЩϸڷóһۣ֮ǰϣɱ֣ʵûд
ΪϣҪɱ̫ӡֻϣһ׼׼ɱ̫ӵʱȴֽȵǣһɱ̫ӡ
֮ǰķûдϣˣһȻֹøӸӣֱúͷ
һξ飬ڰҲûȡʲôչŮһҩȴ˰ע⡣
ΪŮҩȻڴ̥ҩ˭Ҫ̥Ůǿ԰˵ǳҪ
鵽һڵؽ
һ̽̽ǣҲһһһղݡ
ȲҪ֪˵ǷǳҪġ
֪ٹ죬졷Ҫһµ־Ͻˡ
ֻҪȴ죬ͿԽſľ飬⵹ǲ̫ĥˡ

ľһҲͬһڵݿˣһĵ˵ϣ֣ȴͬʱҲΪеЦȻǳĲġ
һҪЩЦĿɿڴ
õİ취ȻǴҳףֻҪܹǰҳķܹؾ棬Ӯһ
ڣ˼תü˼۾Ѿ˴𰸡
ţһΣԲٳˡ



ʮ һҵ
д⣬ľһɼ΢ϣˣҷǳ⡣Ҳˣϣȷɱ̫ӵ뷨ֻǱ˽ȵ˶ѡ
ԣ֮ǰ˵ϣ֣Ҳûе
ڣϣˡֻ˵Ҳ̫ˡ
Ҳ˶ѣӵ˭Ѿ֪ˣһǾԲٴˣϸ
ȣȻΪʹŶĳˡ
Ϊߵ˺͸֮䣬ܻʲôԹûɱ˶
˵ɱ˸̫ӺͻӣȻϣս
ô־ֻʹŶˡ
ˣʹŶоֻʣ£顢󽫾Ҫ
ֻ˭أ
ȣųûɱ˶Ҳûɱӡ
ʣµĴʹ󽫾ˣ˭ɸ
ǰĿڴϣӹְжϣӦһĹ١
һʹŶӵǻͿΣһĹٸʲôȻ䣬书ƺ
У书õ˶Ȼ٣Ϊ飬ƽʱ϶ҲǳæܰɵʹŶӵС
ԼӧҪ뵽ʹŶС
ΪʲôҪԭҴٸߴҡ
ڣһжԴļϸд
ȣʹŶӸյ®֮ʱǴϮ¼Σͷ书Ĵػڿǰ̫ӣҲ߻ӡ
ȻⲢûʲô⣬ҲȷҪػԣҵʱҲûϸڡ
ٿڶϸڣ®ݹٸʹŶһˡ
ϣ®ݹٸһġͷȽȽУʧ֣˵ϯϵ̫ӡ
ʱΪʧ֣Ļʧ𣿴Ǿͻ֪𰸡
һϸʼչᴩУǾǴ̫ӵĹϵƺܲãжζ˵ĶԻϸڣ̬д޲ֳ˵ĹϵãһЩζȻܲ
Ȼǿ϶ãЩϸûʲôôڣؼʱ̵ˡ
ŮȻȥ˴̥ҩΪʲôҪ̥ҩֻ˻ˡ
˲Ůеˣֻǿ
Ȼǡõ˭Улûи𰸡
Ұٷ֮ٿԿ϶еһǿ
УҲʹһȻʣǰɻĵطҲ˴𰸣е鶼Ѿס
ǾǴ뿤Ⱦ˱˹ϵѾ̥ᡣ
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뿤нǿӭȢŵģΪ飬λͣᣬףӦǻ׼ġ
ȻûȵףΪνãѿ޸λʵۡ
İ˶ҪԶ޴ΣȻʹ˸ġ
ǣӧҪ뵽ʹŶӵС
һΪ˱취ƻ
ƻð취ǣɱ̫ӣȻ޻Ρ
ӣƻضͿܹһˡ
Ӧˣ˵ɱ֣Ǵ顣
ôڣǻعͷȥٿϣǴʧ֣;ԲʧˣǴ⡰ʧ֡Աɱ̫ӣֻһûгɹ
һûгɹȻеڶжǺɱ¼
䣬óɱİֳȻһѵ顣
һΣɹˡ
ôҿ϶ʣɱ̫ӺĿѾﵽΪʲôҪɱ߻ϣأӦûбҪɱϣ˰ɣ
УȻ֣֮ǰ˵ϣɱ˶ɱ˲δɹô£
һҲƲ⡣
ǾϣǱ뵽̫ӵķ֮⣬׼ɱ̫ӵʱȴķ֣˽ȵǣڴɱ̫ӡ
ңϣѾ壬ɱ̫֮ˣǴ顣
ϣϲԼԶ֣Ȼò
ڽдɱĴ飬Ҳϣ
֮ղϣṩ飬Ҳûɱϣ
ֻǺϣ¶ҵ֤ݣۿžҪù鰸
ϣɱ̫ӵ֣һݣͬķʽɱϣڡ
ַͨĻ׵ʵѾ϶һξԲٴ
ҸҴģһڵУҲɿһ£Ȼư
ʵ˵ܰѰд̶ȣȻҵɼ򵥣Ҳǲˡ
ľһɵ΢1000֣дľһɳһǰѾˡ
ߣЩˣ֮ǰڳЦ𣿿ҵ΢֮ӦþͻĿɿڴ˰ɣȻǿķ۷ӣҵҪǻʲô˵СӣҲһɡľһеţ΢˳ȥ



ʮ ־桷
졷ڶؽø˷룬һ̽ǣ뵽ӼҵۺͷС
ľһɵ΢Ҳʱ뵽˴ҵߵС
ǼһȻ΢̽һ㶣Ȼ˼ҶˣҲ⿴һ
ҲôôдС˵أ²һ£̽ǲŶȥ
һ֮£ԽԽԾ۾ҲԽԽ󣬴֮ȫһ
һľһɵķƲ⣬ƺǳе
гԾˣ̲סľһɵ΢ٿһ顣
ٴοЩζǺܲԸ⣬ҲϣֲòϣľһһεķоݣҲκε©
ǿĹ۲ͷҲ˲òϡ
Ҫǣǿľһɵ΢֮ǸоӦþˣȷӦþɱ֡
ȻԸϣֲò˵Ӧþȫ˰ɡ
ţӦôˣľһɵҲȷ汾¡
Ȼ֪ࡣΪѾ㹻ˣڴһӡ
˵òľһһεȻȷǱȽţơҪˣһжΪľ̵úáľ̵棬ľһ˵
ǣԻľһɻΪǲҪ
ӿǹ񫣬ϸ̵棬շתӣڴһӡ

Ȼľһɵ΢һ̽ǣࡣʹüۺͷ˭֣û̫壬Ҳʧȥˣ֪֮ǰּ顣
ҲûиеʧΪѾ㹻ʣǴǹ񫣬Ѿǳ⡣
һҲǳڴ
ľһ΢˵ģɲôֱӱˡ

ӣļˣȻҲľһɵ΢֮ǵĲֱɧ
һξԴˣľȻǿ
Ǿǣľ
ľһֱ
ֻǻȻˣ֮ǰǻ²ۣľһҲס
ɧǣȻܵǧ̽ɴʴһ˼ǣġ졷ȷôľ֮ǰֻһʱ⣻ˮƽǲľģ̽ưƷҪǵĵȵȡ
һ̽ԼˣЦѣ﷢һССĦ⡣

ǣĳסС
ںļ˺üλˣں£ӦöǱȦڵѡ
̸ֱ۵Ҫǡ졷
һЦڣϲˣʮԸۿžҪˡ
ںһЦǳ˵ҪøлϵܣȻҵ۹⣬ȻҲǷǳҪģ
һֵưڵģ˵ڣӾıȨõûУʱûõȨɾͰ˷һˡ
ںæȥȥϵܿʹӦ˵ģȻ˲
˵ⰸӵȷǾʣĹƷ
ˣǸľһɵ΢ô
ľһҲȷб£ϸϿܻЩ֮⣬ӦúĽࡣ̣ͨҲǡÿԿӵĲ򵥡
ȷˣЩϸ⣬Ҳˣȴʼûʲôף̵֮
ĿǰӦϾҪˣҶЩڴһˡ
ֹ㣬ȦڶⲿƷȤˣʵ١


Ƶ귿ڣľһɵ΢ֻ֮ͬǵһЦһõģֻϧİ࣬Զô򵥣
ϣһ̽ǶΪľһ࣬յһ£Ҳơ
ڴҶΪҲþǼ¡ǿһڵ֮ϵı飬ȽȤġ
һڵأ֮
־ĿѾˣ֮󣬽ᷢеһڡ
־Ȼģ桷
һڵݳء졷֮⣬˳д˼С¡
ЩСȫڣǰһ»ᡷ־
Ѿƻ˵ģԺ󡶴桷ÿһڣһİ棬רЩС¡
ǰġ»ᡷУкܶС¶ǳ䣬ܳ磬ʵЩϧ
⣬С֮⣬桷Ҳ壬ҪǸС¡
ȻⲻΪСͨСµ壬໳ƷεˣиĻԷԼƷ
ϾҪһƪСƷһѵ顣
⣬Կø˹ע桷



ʮ Ȼ
14գ桷һڷС
СȤζͯϡ졷أ桷Ҫ⡣
1225շеһڡȤζͯ1200ᡣһֱӰеı־ҵͷתеĶͯ־ǷĽʺޡ
Ȼ桷ʱôߣİᣬӦûûġ
ڡ졷ڳֻڴҶ֪ˣ̫ӱɱһ࣬첢ûô˭֣ǶĻζԼһӵڴ
йע졷ˣҲ֪졷תƵ־桷Ͻء
죬ǡ桷һڷеӡ
һ磬ڱͤ˵һڵġ桷
־֮ǰ־棬ȥĿ˼飬׶ǳľǷġ桱֣ȻǾƵģƹϹŷ磬ʱǰأȥǳио̲סľҪ࿴ۡ
Ȼ漴ˣҲԶԶ˶ݵڴ
ȻѾ֪˰࣬ȴȻڴνҿࡣ
һ˵Ůȥ̥ҩ˰ע⡣
һڱ￪ʼͨͰй۲죬ֻеǿ
Ȼˡ˶˵һ䣬ľһ֮ǰжһ
ֿ֮󣬰Ȼʼɴ飬֮ͨϸִзǳشɱɡ
ǣͰסڰ֮£ͿȷѾá
ǣȴɱˣ̫Ӻ߻Ӷɱġ
Ҳȷʵûаٷ֮ٵ֤ݣ֤ɱˡ
ǣ鱻ʱѺѰµ֤ݡ
һ̽Կﰵһ黹ǲײĲᣬҰɱ˵֤ҳʱ㻹νƱ磿
̽һţһߵȴŰҳɱ˵֤
Ȼھһ֮ȴǵóһۣ鲢ɱ֡
ղݣʲô˼鲻֣һ̽סˡ
϶֣Űҳ֤ء
û룬ȴôһ֣鲻֣
оȵˣİ־һҳȲҪһô£֮ǰô֤ݶ֤ɱ֣ôֲˣ
ǳ϶ĸ߰Բɱ֣ˡ
ֻ׵˭ڻûʲôͷ
ղݣ˴һԴʱըˣ龹Ȼ֣׾Ȼˣ
ըˣȼˣˣ
ǴʱеķӦ
ղݣ־Ȼˣ˭ܸң⵽ǲģ
ȻģҲǷ˺ö֮ȷġղݣָоֱ޷
ֱ̫⣬̫̼ˣ
˭õ˭õ
Ҹо˶ҪȼˣҪߣһ
ֻо˶ˬ龹Ȼ˸߳ĸоղݣ
ˣˣһ

һ̽ǺݺݵĽейһ֮󣬲־׼濴
ȻȴǷ֣Ѿûˣһڵص
û𣿡ϵģһ̽ǣûǰڣʱգֻ૵˵ôһ䡣
ǻûȫӣ鲻֡лع
ֱֹһ֮󣬲½ҿôûˣ

졷ؽ
һٴηת֮ۡǰ˶Ϊİ࣬Ȼֲ࣬Ǵ飬ˡ
һתۣ˶е˼飬ھ֮ȴ޷Ƶ˷ܺͼ
ԴֽǾѾǳˡ
ڣӱøӹ츴ӣ˭ֱ˷롣ʲô˼أ
ԣӵۣڽﵽ߳
׵˭ʹŶֻʣ˿󽫾ˡ
ѵǿֻǴ󽫾ָͲʹŶˣ
ÿһ˶ڽʾ֭Ĳ²ͷ

飡ľһɽ־ݺݵˤڵϣɫ࣬һԲ
־ȻǴ飬ֱǸɶСӴˡ
ľһǸް
ãһЩ̽ǣûγЦ
Ͼϴεܵ˵Ͽɡ
ڴ鲻ֻ֣˵̫ˡ
ȻˣľһɻǸеǳķŭоһΰˣˡ
Ȼеˬǣ׵˭ھȻͷҲ֪˭ˡ
ôܣôܻ᲻֪˭ľһз߷ߣոڵϵ־һη
ͲˣҲ֡



ʮһ Ѱ
ǿ󽫾ֻˣ
ҿ־Ǹ󽫾ждȻࡣˣBoss
ҲǿҲ˵һãȻǲԸ޸λʵˣɱԼĸ磬ƻףҲǲܡ
ҿӦòʹŵˣӦþǸС̫Ӷв֮£Ҳɱ˶
ôˣֻ˭أѵǰߵˣߣ½ͷЩ˶ܰ

ʹŵĿ󽫾֮⣬ʣµҪǰߵˡ
֪˵Ķӣ֡
ô
½ͷ˶ˣһֱڰŰưȻ͸Ӳˡ
͸ˡ
̽ǿȥоǴ󽫾Ϳ˵ɸ
⣬мطʼûܹ͸
̫Ӻ߻ӱɱֳ˵Ĺġʮ֣ҪʲôѶϢ
ΪʲôҪȡ˲̵ɱַ
ν뿪ҵģ
ЩͲԶˡ
Ҿ޷ĵط뿪ҵģ̫ӱɱһУ̫ӷۣ̫ӵĲҽ̾ͳ̫ӵķ䣬ô̵ʱڣ־Ȼʧ̫˼ˣ⼸ǲɵķ
ûҲ޷⡣֪һķ
֪⵽ôһ¶

ǣĳסСڡ
ں졶졷ĸ£˶΢΢ЩӾȻ˵ĸӣӵһĳ̶ȡ
ÿ߸ǰ˼·ΪҵֵʱȴͻȻһתۣ˲֣֮ǰƶϣһжôͷ
ָоֱղܣյ֮ǰ˯ȡ
ںǣҪְⲿƷıɵӾ籾еڶδֻ룬ѾĲˣѾȲ
ֻǣ֮ǰ˭֣
ںҲͬǳ֪𰸣Ȼо˰죬˵𰸣Ӧû˭֪ˡ
ںܲģ绰׼ٰЩưȤȦˣеԼһоŻһͷûС

ǿˡ졷ˣ뵽˰֮Уڲ²˭֣
ʹá˭֣Ϊ˽Ѵ֮һ
һЩѼˣʵһ
˭֣ⶼѾѴˣѵ﷢ʲô󰸣ֶǵĹߣȫѰ֣
ľ֮µѣæ˭֣֣Ȼ˴ݣһȻǷʲôӡ
æֵȥϸȴֶЩʲô̫ӡ߻ӡ֮ݡ
ףԼ˸ʱЩЦãͬʱְЩȣһС˵鹹ȻܹȶȣʦƷ
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ΪʲôôӰǿҵĺʹ֮£졷ֶһµĶߡ

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ֻϵ˰̣ϱҧĺۼҲУȷʵ֡ѵʯ죿ֻԼǲǰˡ
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ھǲ﷢š
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ҵǷһ⣬֮ǰܷԡ֣֡ڵԽ˵Խ˳ƺҶѾ֣
һ˵ڴſһ֡տһ֡˵һѰһȷѾȫˡ
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ۣٵҲоһҵǣһ˿ĥ͸ЦݣЦƵЦ
Ĵңֱ㽭ĴңٱһЩʵδؾĴ֮µҡ
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ħЭᶼҪӴġ
Ͼⲻ֮ǰӣַǹٷ֯һιٷĻ档
Ļһ11ˣɵЭĸ᳤ɽӣعԱ֮⣬мңҰһ֮һ
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ֻҪڳƷ֮һͿˡ
ǴʥģҪħ⹫ħʮ٣鶨ȻҪȥμӣȻҲҪȥˡ
⹫ݿɲ򵥡˵ҪҪǣ⹫ĳ
ԣħ죬

19ţ10㡣
ħЭ뵺ĻţһҾƵٿ߼ᡣ
ֳԼ˶ʮұý塣
ʵýǶķȤǺܴȻҵĻϿƺд¼
ʵ˫ڰֳϣ϶ҺôҺãͨһεĻ˫ѧϰԷĻơ
ڲʲôмֵݣҲ
ЭǹٷýǻǺԸܲڵмֵأ౨վкôġ
10㣬߼׼ʱʼ
ħЭߵĳϯԱУħЭḱ᳤ֺʯԼλħصҡ
һˣ֪֣ЩϤ
壬ഺͯ־һңĶͯɢļҡʫļҡڻͯʫĴϡ֣ʵǲġ
ĻǱߣҲͬɵЭḱ᳤ɽͷӼλңоиҰһ



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߼ϡ
ħЭḱ᳤ֺʯ˶ԵĻŵĻӭűĻȻ˫ǳơ
ǵĻɽηԣлħЭĽӴħһõһȵȡ
ֳýĵһȻЩûӪĻƾǽ첻ֳдһƪ˾Ųʮı
ֺʯɽ˵꣬˫ҴֱַԣûʲôӪ
ֳʻڣֳýǾ΢һͨʣһջ
ܿ죬һ߿ʼʣഺѧңħഺѧô
д΢΢һЦħŲٵഺѧңƷ൱㣬ϣڽļʱлǽ̽һ
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ֺʯһ⣬ĵĪЩһǴͨõģҹˡ֮ͷΣŹôһ
ȻϸϽȷԭȴѾ⣬õͬ
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Ұһ˵ȻҳʼƷƫС֮⡣Ʒ϶Сӡꡢ˶ԿϲֻЩƷڶֻڵڷУʱԵüΪź
ʣҰƺбѵҹһ
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㲻Ͻһش˲÷ǳ˷ܡ
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Ұһλѵôֲ׼ȷˣûս˼ûбҪս
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Ұ˵ġһ˳ָս𣿡
Ұһ˵ˣûսֻûǿһʲôģڶϲƷȻдһȻˡע⣬д衣
ô˵ҰⲿƷڻˣ
ҰһϣⲿƷڻеĻᣬȻһеźȻΪǸеź

ֳļû뵽ΪݵļᣬȻڵôһϣһųƱػը벻Ч
һֳֵ
11㣬߼һڼߴҴȥ
ħЭ뵺ĻҲ뿪
ֺʯΪˬаߣǸŵļһΪԼŵ˲ɣ
ļλңûʲôر뷨ֻǴ˿ֵ˼
ȻԸҰһЩ⣬ͬЩĽʣԾͿֺˡ
Ȼ⣬ôʱʼûǣڡͯʫĴϣݺݴ飬һֱġ
Ǹһ֮ϲҰһҲ˽⣬ȷŰ
Ұһ˵ƷֻʺϸСӿ˵ҲһֱΪġ
ƷһֱܲмҲΪ
Ұһǰ϶飬սĻ
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ҰһæɽˣҲɽʧġ
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ǣɽҰһֵ
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Ұһæơǡ
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챾ƽһ죬ţȴͬھˮһը˲Ϳ˻
ĻŵħңҰһƣֻǸСӿġ
ҰһƣԼչ͵ġ
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ҰһҲҪսֻд裡
ҰһΪ˶ģʾһ˳ĻⲿڻУ

ڡҰһ롰ţһֱըʽķʽڲѵǰ
֮Ժܿٶϴ硣
ղݣҰһСӺţưǵˣţƵı¾ǿ
ֻǴţƣƤҲܺ񰡣˵ʲôǵԼ𽥳͵ġղݣ˵ǵ֮ǰҲڷչһš˵һ㶼ûܵӰ죬ڳˣ
ҰһСӣ֮ǰҲ˵ΪǵŵңѾ͵Ĳ֪Լ˭ˡ
Ȼ˵ңСӵ̲ɣ
ҿ̵ûʲô⣬˵ˮƽءһֱǿսд衣ǡսͱ͵λֻ˵д衯Сڽ˵͵λ൱СӾء
ĻһΣбΪĹƾ
ҵǿˣҰһСӣҪڿ˵Ҫս˼ԣҪսƫƫϳϣα




ʮ ûаٷ֮ٵ
Ұһڼ߼˵ĻνŭڶĻѣֻԣ಻ˣҲ׷ױԼĲ
ǲҲôעǾһ˵š
ʵҰһʲôĿģ֪ҲϣҰһӦõȷ汾µģһңܻ˵
ҲΪˣǳ˱ﲻŭ֮⣬ʱûбڡ֣Էضƨۡ
ΪĿǰƷƫСһЩȺʵ
ҰһƣƷȺСӡꡢˡ˲֪٣ЩţҲӦʵ
ϾҰһսû汾µĻֻʹԼΪһЦ
ټϣҰһеľϣ׼˵ֻ֮һܹĵľ϶࣬Һ׼
ԣ˫Ĵ̨治һӮ
˲֮иѹòս
ǸҰһۣҲûۣϼݣ䲻òս˼ϵ
ֻһ㣬ڻ˶һӵĵˣһֱǴڵģ١
ʱʱ̶̿һĿľѰһУ侮ʯĻᣬôõĻᣬŹ
һʱ֮䣬Ҳð˳һǺܴ˵Ļѱ档
ղݣҰһǲ֪ô
ǣǵˮƽа壿
ʲôݵλֽѵ
˵Ļ10ٲѻ󶼲ֵģֵá
ǣٷŭ󶼾֡
ʵҾ㲻ǸҰһҲϾҪæ̫ˡսǶԵġ
˵öԣ󲻽սҲԲˡ
ǣߣҲӦó̬
УôˣʲôλΪǱ̬

ټ٣ټ棬۾ǣȻڸʲôϷҲһЩͨѣܵǵĹƻ󣬶еЩʧ
νӻ⣬ۼһΪʵδ顣

Ұһڼ߼ۣȻҲڵһʱ䴫˵
ڵϣ̶ȣ˿Ȼ
ҰģЩ˿һʲô
Ұ˵̫ˣʲôƷȷֻܸСӿ
ֻܿЩСӿƷ
Ұ츳ңǸԲǸҰĶ֡
˵ҰⲿƷǹ˼һµʱ䣬ⲿƷԱȸҰ֮ǰƷ㣬ֵڴ
ǲ֪ҲҸҰȣңǾ˺ܶȤˡ
ǰڴľǣЩˣҰƷ֮𺳱飬ԼǶ˵Щʲô
Ұ˵ˣΪӣΪʲôýܸҰս
ҰͣӮ˻ûףȻˡĸȴǵ
ҰӮɣھͿ룬ʱҪףˡ

ǶڸҰһ൱ΣҲκθҰһɡ

Ƶ귿ȻҲصıԼϵۡ
ڸҰһ˽⣬˵֣Ҳ֪֮Ϊŵҡ
ʵɣȷһ׳ŵĹҡ
ǸҰһţҲ˿ģӵнָˣӵǰôľֺ뵣ģ
⣬ڸҰһսŶд裬ҲҪƳƷҰһսһ֮ء
ڸҰһ˵ĻԼѵ䳰ȷᣬƷúôġ
ûмʱԴ½б̬˺ܶ
ܶ˶ڲ²⡢ۣ᲻ܸҰһս
˵ܣ˵ܡ
Ȼ˶ûв뵽۵УֻĬĬĲ²⡢棬ڴ
ϽǵȻϣܹսһƷݺݵĽѵһ¸ҰһţеЩͬŵѡ
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ĳ⣬ǣǸҰһԼЩѣԱڻҪšߵĻЩòʧˡ
ڣͿα̬ˣ
Ȼα̬Ƕ֧֡



ʮһ ҵƷ׼
ż̬Щȴˡ
ǾǵĻŵһˣ˴µܵкܴһԭ򣬻Ϊһ¡
ˡ֮ͷΣǵһҲͨѲǵĻЩ
ڣ֮ͷβùôƷϣȹ֮
ȫ˶֪֮ˮƽȴǱȲȻʸӵ֮
ǵĻе̣Ͻս̾Ҫˡ
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ԣҪ취ӦսС
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ֺʯµ绰üߵΪԼӮƵġ
᳤ǱҪٿ߼ᣬԼȥٿˣǲǡ˵
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˵ֻ꣬һ绰ȥΪħЭḱ᳤֪ĵ绰벢ѡ

߼᣿𣿡ŵ绰˵
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ԣû⡣ûԥĴӦ
õģ͵ʱˡֺʯ˵
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˵˼仰֮󣬹Ҷ˵绰
߼᣿Щ˺ļЩεСֹ

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110գŵ룬֮ǰǼҾƵꡣ
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ļᣬֳ50ýϣһϵý壬ûܵԼġ
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ϵı飬Ҳһεȱȱȫһһÿ˵ϣ˷ܣԵúЩڴ
ֺʯ߳ʱ򣬿ֳôļߣЩȣ룺ΪԵˣ֮䣬ǲܱȡ
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Ҳ˳ֳʮܳǹڣ΢΢һЦֳýǴкȻߵԼλǰ¡
һ˫ĳϯԱֺʯԼɽΡҰһ֮⣬Ҵ
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Ǽҵýʡ
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ոʵǸߣشԵЩʧ
ΪشûˣⷢӵĿռ䡣
Ұһȴһڵҵò
ţոյļְĿתҰһ
Ұ֪ˣƷ˶Ϊģ֪ɷ͸¶
Ұһ΢΢һЦ˵Ȼԣǽ֮Իٴٿ߼ᣬҪΪˣĸҴҵƷϢ
ŶǷǳڴ˵ְ꣬Ŀת֪Ƿ׼Ʒ
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仰˼ǣ
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ֳܵ˵Ŀ⣬һЦ˵ҰԶǿͣȻȤ໥ѧϰһΪȻÿʧҲΪ˲øҰüįȻֻˡ
⻰һҰһɽζˣﳤһһۣ˶Է˷ܡ
ڵļҲ˷ܣ仰ʹ鳾䶨˸ҰһսҲϣĽܣǵʵЩΪĵġ
սôͺðˡ
ߣҰ˶Ϊģ֪ʲôΪģ
ǴɣҵҲ˶Ϊġ
ߣҰڿԸ͸¶Ʒ˰ɣ
ҰһȻҵйأһȺ׷Ĺ¡
ߣôأ
̫ɺˣҵҲйأҲһȺ׷Ĺ¡ֻɺϡ
ֻɺϣֳ˿ɲΪɺϣֻʱ벻ףΪҪ˵
Ұһüͷ΢壬Ҳû뵽˵ѵ
Ұһһ뵽һֿܣСӸû׼Ʒ͸ҽѵ⣿
ҰһǣǴƷȻĶΪԼƷ
뵽Ұһգ˷ܣϣ
Ϊǵ۾ѩģĽƷǿ϶ܹó
Ϊܴİ취ͻԼͣͽͲ
գȼʣҰһЦе˵ҵССӡѵҲ֣
ЦֶһôɺԼˡҵȻССӡǽ֡
֡ҰһЦһȻ֪ܸȡһ֡⡶֡Ȼ͡Сӡһԣйء
ոе뷨пġ
뵽Ұһ˷ܰ
һ£ΪʲôƷݺƷϣҰƷô𣿡һλʵ
ǺЦ˵Ĵɺ
Сӡ롶ֳ֡ļҲеݡ
Ұһ֣֮ǰȷ˵ġ
ߣֳʱģ˵ûйԸҰһǺţ
ֻǣΪʲôһڼ˼
ܿ죬һĴȣǼߣ˼ëҪмֵš
ڣҰһ֣ǾǷǳмֵš
õЩȥ֮ϵ۾ԷǳĻ𱬣˵͹ˡ
һڼϲ⣬ջǲ١



ʮ 
ԡǣڵȴţһ߼ر
ýҲûôҵȴ̫ãر½¯
ҵƷҪ׼
ĻֻǺʹҴţƣ
ذҰһͬʱ
ҰһСӡ֡ҪߵݾǣһȺ׷Ĺ¡ɺϣ⣿
ҰһȷΪֳʱǷʲô⣿Ϊҽܣ
Сӡ󡶹֡˭ʤ˭ܣĿԴ
115գСӡ롶֡ͬʱ½ʱ̳׷أʼ
115գǹͬע

ָı廨ţҲΪЩַǷ֮
Ҿ֪һսġ
ţƶô󣬲ò
ҿǹǸҰһģ˼˵ʲôҲʲôôɺϵ£
ٺ٣϶ͬĴܸҰһøҰһķڷû˵ǸҰһǹ˼һµʱ䣬Ѿһִ塣򴿴ǲִ˺Щİ
ǰȻӦþĿǰԴƣɸǺã
ֹЩ15žҪʼһˣֻ첻ʱ䣬û𣿡
Ӧûаɣһûпء
ףǵȻڡʱ̳أڡȤζͯЩ֡
ӦİɣӦԼĿǾͲˡʱ̳͡ʱ̳ɣһĿ
ٺ٣֮ǰǲģһΪ֧Ҿʼˡ
˵һεƷҲʺϳ˿ҺЩ棬һҲῴ
ң֮ǰҲǲģһξˡ
һҪٵˣ
˵һȺĹ£ÿ𣿡
ȷû̫˼ǸҰһѡģȻҲѡİ
ǰ򣬻Ǹȷƺ̫˰
أӦȿɡ


ħഺͯ硣
糤ֺܱ෽µһ壬Ҳ顣
ġ֡Ӧֳʱģһ㲻ûɣѵôİգʲôĴ㣿
ҵǾôһֿܣѡҰһͬġôںıУָҰһʲôõĵӣͿƵԼƷ֮СϾҰһ˼һ£϶ġ
ֺϷ˵ֿУҲкܴķգǾǺױ˿Ұһݡ϶ɺܴƻ˵СӲӦͦղŶԡ
˼ȽսգִټõóʲôõƷʱƷԷĲ̫󣬻һǻա
ȻЦδģһζ֮ǰˡңڻ԰ǸոյķȥôҶʶʱʶľͻᣬƷ֮СٲԣֻҲԶΡ
ֺͬʱ۾һֺ޵Ϸע⣬ͿʼҸұ֤ǶˮϾͻвٵˣǰϢɢСǰǰˣǲ١
˵꣬˺ٺٵĶֱЦЦúЩ⡣

ǣոֺ˵ķʼͣϳ֡
ǼȻš
ղݣ˭˵ģô
˭һֱЩ¡
У˵ĸһСӵƷ⳶

أԲţǲţ˵ӡ
ʱ򣬵ȷʹʶģȥƷ֮

ʱ̳־磬糤칫ҡ
糤Щ˵ãð̫ˣû뵽Ȼѡǵġʱ̳ǵıƷǡʱ̳˵һǧѷĻᣡҪŬһεãԲܹеʧ
ǣ糤ģǻȫԸԱͬʱ˵
־ҲЦ־紴ԸܹƷˡһǱ˹עģҪıʵأʵ˵ڸекܴѹ
ҲЦģѹɲҪ̫ʱҪˡȻˣʱҶ࣬ÿһԱǴӦ־췢һڣʹǵĹһֻҪˣǵ־ԻһΣʱ򣬿϶˴ҵĹ͡
һڹԱ󲻽ûиеܣǳ˷ܵıʾһµԱһεĹԲɡ
־һۣǺĵ˵ͷ



ʮ ټˣ˶к
ҰһĴڻɡʱ̳ءڵ˵ƷҲͬء
־磬ǵƷ־磬·е־ͽ
ǵ־ҰһƷ־ء
ʱ־ڣ糤ﱾҲںԱǿᡣ
ﱾ˵ǳҪҪ֤ܳκεĲ
·һԱ˵糤ɷģǵؿ϶⡣ֻǣǻҴӦҰЩҵϣԭΪҽƴǵġ
ﱾüôΪҰһһӮ𣿡
ǵȻˣҰʵֲǲ֪Ұ϶Ӯ
֮ǰƷҲһ֣˵ʵڵģǱȲϸҰ
Ҫǣ˵û׼ȫǲִûܻӮġ

ΧһڹԱ׷˵
ﱾü˵ҲɣԲͨˣϣҰһܹȫԸ򲻿С򣬽ܻ˸еʧ
룬ҰǾԻȫԸģαˣԼǵ˵̫ҪˡԣܻġһԱ˵
ﱾͷԸɣ˵Ҫ򲻿ɳֲ
ǣ糤

ϣҲͬ飬ĵѣαĽǳֹۡ
115ţмʱͿʼˣڴҰ
Ʒ֡׼ģ¸ҰġСӡǹġ
٣ģµĺۼԽزԽأȵǽҴʲôռš֮ͷΡ
ǰ֮ͷڻ˲ģӦǵŶԡ
û£һθҰȫ֤ǵġʱ򣬡֮ǵҲûôҪˡ
˵ġ֡ǻῴ𣿡
ôһ־ϡ˵ô֪ҰĲж󣿡
ǰȻ϶ôҪġһ׼ѩ۾ȥģ¸Ұĺۼء
ں뿴ģЩýϽȥ뻪۰
İɣ϶еġңǵЩۣӦҲᱻɻĴȥ
٣ǲ֪ҵķûң


ħƵ귿
ڷݣȻǻ֡ˡ
Ȼټ죬Ͼ֣ͬٶȲ̫졣
ԣҲץʱˡ
֡ǰƷߣ֮һ䷢ձڣͳһڲᡣ
׿أ֡Ҳ˼еľԾ䡣
ӣľ֮⣬кܶҲͬӵźܸߵ
㡢ɵá١潡˾ľܡһӣľŵȵȡ
ϲ֡ˣϲÿһЩС
УԼһ䣬ټˣ˶к
ٱЬӵλϰ壬Լ͸ӣľһ˫Ь
ֱ汱ем汱ȷʱ򣬲ͣΪҡź
ȫƪУΪȥĸҩ
ȵȡ
ȻҲͬǳϲⲿƷ֮ǰҲǴҪƳⲿƷġ
ֻһ⣬Ǿǵ֡
֡ǾƷĵȻӡձӡҲĵ
ԼֱƳⲿƷôҪѵԼָһ¡
Ȼ绪뵺ĹϵǰӣƾʹõıԼƳƷȻҲǲʵġ
ֻǣֲĶԼ֡ˣһЩŤ
ȴ룬ĸҰһƫƫʱҪս˵νǴ˯ͷ
ΪͿԲ޸ĵ֣Ƴ֡ˡ
ڱֻΪǹѱڵģĿģΪøҰһķڷ
ͻأ벻Ч
˵øл˼ҸҰһһء

ڲͣĻҰһҲͬڲͣĻȻһĴ壬ǷǳʱģٶԶܸȣʱֶϸ壬ǾЩˡ
ʱ˲ͣĻУԼԽԽڴУһһĹȥ
졢ҹ໥档
һתۣ115һ졣
һ죬עƽһ졣



ʮ ӣľ
115һ죬ˡ
컹ֻ΢΢·ߵĽֵƻȻšȫصıͤΧȴѾΧ˲ٵˡ
һ20ҵСӣΧȺϲ˵û뵽ϲô̫࣬ˣ
٣СӣΪϲΪ֧ҪϤƷݡһ30ҵ˵
ոյС΢һʧ˵һε֮ǰһ㿴֮˵ϲء
𣿡30ҵЦȻˡ
ΧЩˣԵˣʵࡣˣǱ֧˼
ϾһεЩ⣬ǵķƷڸĸҰһޡ
ڲԣ֮ɾͲ˵ˡ

ԶڵһߣͤΧҲͬΧ˲ٵˣҲͬ໥ۡ
ֻ۵ݣ뻪ȫͬˡ
ĺڴڵȵһˣҰģ
ȲҪһ˵Ʒ֮Ĳࡣ
ͷĲӦòܴϾʵģôõĿͷӦòѡ


ٰĿص
ͤϰڿˣһ⣬־ǡʱ̳
ڿʼ𣿡õʱ̳ˣ˵һ䡣
ȻĺһĿ־ϡ
ǵһڣϲûгͼƷ֡бϷСӡб·мǽɫģġVS
ټΧȾֳһֽŵĸо
ȻӮˡܶ˿Ȼļ˾֮󣬷־һҳ
־ǰ벿ǡ֡벿ǡСӡ
ûͼȻ־ĵһҳȴһͼһӰͼ
ߣһܣұߣһӰ߸Ծָ߾٣ﻹץһ
Ķ̬ȥгּۣ
һһǳƯĹ˵鲻Խðһ뷨
ȻһֻһӰ棬ǵһĸо
˭µһһλ֡˼˼·
ڶҳ֡Լûʲôر
ҳסˡ
ߵһͼһӣӿȥƺܸߣִ㶵´֮һ
Ӹ㣬ǹһ˿ЩЦϸĻǳ˧
עǣһһͷĺɫͷ
ղݣȻǺͷһһͷ췢ӦûǸĺ𣿡˲ò²һ¡
Ƿ㶵ұߵļ֣һӣľһ
ӣľƺһ֡ѵߵǸһͽӣľֻǣΪʲôҪõ֣˵ɻ
֪ˣһǹõֵģҪǸҰһķڷ
ûһӵġ
ӣľţȻǸ֣һ˵ȡĵ־ǲһӣ·
ţҲϲӣľ֣һһˡ
һȻһͷ췢˳ʵͦ˧ģֺһкܶŮϲɡ
ǿ϶ӣľǣһŮ׷Ķ󡣡
ģǳò˧ҲŮ׷ģǹ⻷

˺ܿͽˣϲˡӣľ֡
ţڻֻǵϲ֡
ͬʱҲţӣľεŮϲ
ɵǷһҳȴһ档
һŵŮְ°ͣһߵ˵ԲӣľͬѧϲӵС
Ʒĵһ棬һױܾĻ档
Ȼ߲ûлӣľ׵Ļ棬˶뵽Ļ档
һӣľ˼ұף˼ҲŻܾ
ֻһǧƥ񱼣˵õкܶŮϲأ˵õǹ⻷أ
ƷȻǱױܾƪƷǲѰ·
ŵĵڶ棬Щ̲סһ֡
ӣľܾı鼫ȿţŵϴ˫ᣬԱһʺġġ롣
ӦǺ˵Ļ棬ȴһĪϲС
ĵ棬ĸͬŵļһȻһ͵
˵ڶֻԴϲУôĵķ棬ֱúܶˡ͡һЦ˳
ӣľмᣬոյĸһʱȴ˷ܵΧӣľһһһһﴵȣһڻġ
Ȼĸһ˵Ļ
ϲ㰡ӣľڳѾˣʮŮܾļ¼ˡ
˦ʮҮ
ûƵ¼
һͿıҵ
ĸһĶ飬˵Ļʵ̲סЦ
Ȼʱӣľġ



ʮ ӣľ
ĸ˵ֲֻ˺õġ
Ȼŭеӣľʹ޵ͷ񹦣ĸһﱻ̷ŵڵأһŵĴð̡
ǡ֡Ŀƪ£Ҳһӡ
̣ȴٵĻ⡣
ʮŮܾ˰ɡ
ӣľú˧ĺͷӦЩʲôҲСŮϲŶ
ӵСӣľҪ˼ӣȻƾ߳ݺݵСȻþܾǸŮղݣҪҪôѪ
ҹӦôˣӻԱϿӣľһӺܸߣ϶һֵ趨
ĸֻļһ̫ЦˣҲñӣľᡣ
ʮŮܾӦǺܱġȴƫƫĪϲУҲû˭ˡ
Ϊǳʱڣֶʲô鰮ˣǹġ

²˺һ֮󣬲ż濴
һתһУ汱С
һ꼶飬ӣľĸڵİ༶
ʱӣľһڽҵĽһ޾ɵģﻹŵʮξܾǸŮϲӵС
ƽΣһѶ
ѶûлָȻԼĽԭΪ˸оͻվġǸһﻹ̫ˣһͷͷء
ӣľԼĽ쵰ʲôǸĵļһˣˡ
ˣʳӣľĽɡ
ϼᵽصˣ⵽ӣľͷ
Ҳӣľ˵õأ˵õĽСأ
˱ķ֣ΪξǸĲһ
Լӣľվڽ֦䣬ȻˣǴ죬ҵģȴǺ
ʱһӣľ𣬡Բʣϲ𣿡
ҲȻ˸ӣľϲ𣿲֪ڡӣľĽˣҪܵӣľͷˡȫΪ˵֮Ĭ
Ȼӣľ仰֮˫ۡಡһð˻һּŭ̬Ѹٻͷ׼ѵһ˵֮ˡ
Ȼһ桭
ӣľð˫ۣͻȻŹԲŭҲ˲仯ΪУ̴ڵ
ֻ򣬸ո˵֮ˣһʮɰŮ
ҲӣľΪϲ͡
ϲ𣿡
ۣø֪߰ǸһЩأ
ۣýʵļ⣬ĽҲǣһ˶ɡ
Ȼ˶к˧ˡ
ҽľӡ
ңϲ𣿡
Ů˵ͣĻʹӣľ˫΢죬˾һš
Ůһʵϲ𣿡
ӣľͻȻѪǳ϶شǳϲΪ˶
ӣľˣҵĴˡ
ĸһȡĵڡ
ϲ㰡ӣľĸ⡣
˦¼¼ĵһŶ
ӣľ˶ڼȵ˷֮УҪܺһѧĻҲĿˡ
֮󣬸ӣľΪչʾľӿеġ˶󣬿ʼڽи˶
֮󣬳ľӴӣľϰݡ
ϰľӣľ֪ʲôǹ𣿡
ӣľشִ𰸶ǣľӸӣľ꣬ʲôǹ֮󣬳ľͻȻ֣ӣľԵץ
һ֣óľ˷ܲѣ˵ۣӣľԵץѵҲôߣԾ𣿡
ӣľ۹ĴЦȻˣΪ˶
֮ӣľΪڳľǰһĹһ㡣
ܣ
ţԣû
ΪӣľһͲ֪Ҫܣץܵġ
֮£׼׼֮С

顱һӣľԴײ֮ϡ
һκܲɹĹȻľȴǿ÷ǳ˷ܣӣľһҪӣ˵ӣľӵľ
һص󼸷档
ϣһӷǳߵӰ߹
Ů߹ȥӰϲ¶֮ɫ
ӣľĸѣˬĿ߹ȥӰ
Ա߻ж԰ס
ø߰㲻øӣľһߡ
һҲһ꼶𣿡
ҿһԽԽ˳ˡ
һӣľһڵأҲ

һλʦɽһλˡ
ǷĲңȴɽĴҡ



ʮ 䶨
ܶ˶Ѿˡ֡һҲкܶˣˡʱ̳ȴûȥݡ
Ȼиˣûȥʱ̳
ǶûȤĺ͸ȤģֻҰһ鱾
ֻҪϣ˽˫ĽͿˡ
ʱ򣬻רҵԱΪƷۣûоԵĹƽܹŵùġ
ȻרҵԱ֮ǰȿһЩǵۣҲǸѡ
ȥӣľĽڲһ֮ǰ˵ԼȻһ֮һŮǰ˵Լǳϲ򡣽ڲٰ
Цˡ˵ӣľһܵ
ȷǺܵǿ˵ģҪܹһѧĻҲ޺ˡȥҲ̫ˣҲҪ֣Ӹ֮
ǵһսƺǿ꼶Ľ׵ľͰǸһ
ⲿƷ̫ЦˣҲһֱͷЦβӣľǸһ׼ʱ򣬾ȻץܣֱЦˡ
Ｘһ𿴵ģʱͻȻӣľץܵĻ棬ֱЦӶЦʹˡ
ǰҲǡңһʱ򣬾Ȼˣֱһͷײ֮ϡȥոյЦûһЦ򡣲һĵܾ˰Ҳѹֳľô˷ܡ
ӣľһ﴿׳հ֪֪ʲôģƸǲ֪ˡ

˵˷ܵţЩûпˣһͷˮ
ӣľôǸ֣Ϊʲôõ֣ͦġ
һЦ͵𣿴ôЦô
Ǹ׳գʲôǲӦǸ𣿡
֮ǰҲͦΪĵôûⷽˣ

ָɻͲ⣬ǵԴ
ҲⲻȫϴҵĽడң˷ۣܵⲿƷƺЩͷ
ǣЩˡʱ̳ˣֵסջˣ׷ó־ʼĶ
Щûʱ̳ˣҲʼԥ
ҪҪȥһҲϲ˷𣿿ǣ۵ݣַǳˡš
һԥ֮Щ˻Ǿȥһ
ԽԽ˿ˡ֡

ĻŵĸҰһɽεˣҲˡ֡
ҰΪôɽʵ
ҰһһЦϿܴĹ׼ò֣˺ܶĸЦԪأͼתƶǵߡ
ȻһɸЦΪôǳɹ
ǿϧһഺ־ƷҪഺ־ΪЦֻż֮ܶá
򣬾ͽ᱾ĩãʹǳΪһĲƷ
ɽЦҰഺ־ֻ࣬ԼƷСӡıǩɴû˵ġ֡Ҳഺ־ࡣġ֡ߵľɸЦ·أ
Ұһһ㶣ȷû˵Ʒഺ־ࡣҰһԼƷഺ־࣬ʶİƷҲΪഺ־ˡ
Ǹã
գҰһ˵ƷߵɸЦôⲿƷܻɹڱϣӮңΪƷͶλϣע䡣
ĶλҲഺ־࣬ô֮ǰ˵Ǹ⣬ΪһĲƷͬ䡣
ɽεͷЦҰĲҲΪġӣڿķˡ


ĵѣҲڵһʱˡ
ǵ˷֮ѣҲǲضá
ǰ벿صǡСӡ벿صǡ֡
ǣʼѡ񿴵ģȻǡСӡ
Сӡͬһһ꼶Ұ⡣
ҰСչֳ˼ǿ츳ڳеʱ򣬴ѧУӣõȫĹھ
ӶȫΪĶ
գҰ˷УҼѧУӡ
Ұĵһ룬ǴӣõȫĹھ
ɲȳȫڶ࣬ҰҪʵ룬ҪŬС
Ұ֮󣬺ܿһ꼶ݣΪӵ˾ְǰ档
һУҰеһγó˲׵ı֣ʹýͶǶΡ
һڡСӡأҲ



ʮ ˭ʤһ
һڵѿˡСӡһڵأҲͬǹڡСӡۡ
ǸҰ׼ôõƷյķǳãԾľͿˡ
û뵽ҰУӵʵֻһ㡣ҰҪӮøھǲװ
趨ڴҰһŷӣĹھģ˼
ǵȻˣӵʵȻһ㣬ҰʵǿǳУȻˣҰķӷǳɫ˾ȲѡǳڴҰԼľտ򼼣һһεĿɿڴÿοĳ;úˬ
ǰСӡ̫ÿˣڴݡ
Ҷ˵Сӡ滹ġ֡أҲ׼һ𣿡
ô׼ءô֪͡Сӡ֮Ĳࣿ
ףӣľȻǵ֣ʲô˼
ߣʲô˼΢һ¾֪ˡƸҰ˼ǣҾǰƷǵҲһӮ㡯ǿɶ񰡣
ӵһΪַʽʾء
ҿɲ˵һ£Ҿáӣľͦģ
Ȼˣһ¶ʱȻɣȷͦġ
ˣˣҼ˵


ʱ򣬻һЩҲѾˡСӡ
ҾáСӡô
ʵ˵ҲͦÿģǸҰһΪŵңҲ˵һϲǼӣľ۹
СӡÿǺÿľҲڴ֮֡вˡ֡ЦҲڴӣľǸ׳գֻ֮ᷢЩʲôȤĹ£̫ڴˣ
˵ò֮ǰЩΪģڿͲҪһڵӮû⡣
ΪҸϣЩҲΪ
һھ䣬Ʋܡûйϵһġ



Ҷѡ֡˰ɣҶ˵һ˵ԵĿ
͹۵Ľ֡ͦ˼ģɰҶӶЦʹˡ
ҲǣѾƴסЦˣɵӣľץܵʱ򣬻ûס
ܱ֮Ϊ֮Ȼ汾µġ⻹ǲִټɵƷ˵ǲִټƷ𣿿Ų񰡣
٣ҵӦǲִټƷûΪʲôҪôЦҪЦⲿƷϴڵĲ㣬ķḻϡ
ҿһڵġ֡ӣľ֮⣬ֻŮĳľӣԼĸ͵ļһٵÿҲûʲôչӣľûӡ
ǵġСӡأϣҪḻ̫ˡҹġ֡ԺҪߵľɸЦ·ˡȻҲɣαУ϶Ӯ˸Ұġ
¥ôһӵġҾͷˣҰһ䡣ȷʵ
֮ǰΪҰƷأڿƺǲˣƷĻһҲ˵׼ϾǵһڣҲûǶ࿴˵ɡ


ҰһƷҶѾˡ
ô͵һ˭ʤһ
ѶȻΪѣȻΪǸҰһ
˫˭Ҳ䣬ûа취顣
ħЭ뵺ĻţҲѾԤϵ
ԣ˫һ˵ƷеԱһԹƽĽ
ħЭĹҪУ֣ͯ࣬ʫ˰ףЭ᳤ںľܼʯˣԼý
ĻǱĹҲǵˡ
˫͹۹ĵ˵ƷȻٽ˫еĵۺóյĽ
Ľ㲻ϾԹƽһҲֻܽܣȡһӮ
һڹҲȻ룬ǻϲҲΪεıȥ˵ƷҲ֪˭ʤһ
ǵĵݣҲħЭԼĻֱͬչʾκ˶Կ
ӽ翪ʼѾ½Լĵͬʾ˫ĹϣѶڵһʱ俴



ʮ ǸӰ˭
ĵ¯Ҳ׷ڵһʱ䣬뵽Ĺв鿴
ԼͬģȲ鿴ģǶԷҵĹĵ
һǺԷҵĹԼߵƷЩģ¶Էվڹƽϡ

ղݣʲôβ˭Ȼ˵Ʒ̫עڸЦϣԺҪΪ
һĵ㹫˵ƷЦڴֵϣȸҰһƷáķḻԼĽϣҪѷһЩ
˼˵ϲ֡Ϊǵ֡ӣľȡҰ⡯ȻЩ̫ΰɣϲţӣӦǸŮ
ӵһڵƷȱ㣬ܵ˵ǡ֡ʤһţ۹⣡

ۺһµҪ
֡ɸЦӣľĿ̻ǳɹľֵڴһ֮СӡҪǿ
ֻǣﲻḻ鲻һֱϡСӡ
⣬ӵһݿ֡ƺҪɸЦ·ߡСӡߵĽഺ־·ߡ
߱û˭˭ӣһഺ־ƷԸʤ
ϣһݣƷƽ֡ǵڷչ򣬡Сӡʤһ
ĹﻹЩƫ̻Ұһ
Ҳ㹫ǿԽܡ


֣ͯࣿţ֪ͦģԭΪƫء
˭ǣȻ˵֡ĺݣȡСӡֵڴڴһ׳մôͲ
һ˵ӣľĿ̻ǳʣ̫٣֮Сӡв硣ϣܹڡ֡￴ľ㹫ֻϣҪˡ
ܵоЩ˻Щƫ̻ûа취飬ԵĹ󣬻Խܰɡ

ۺϻҪ
СӡĽкܺãųжȣڳҪ̻Ҳò
ķḻƽϣȡ֡Ҫá
ǣ֡ǿ̻ǳɹһͺװϣֿɰӣľ
ӣľĿ̻֮Ұӳɹ
ң֡ľչȻ죬˾ˮľϲҲ˸ڴľ顣
ھͰѡ֡ΪɸЦ֮࣬硣
ƾĹȫԼɸЦഺ־
ϣġ֮֡ҰһġСӡʤһ

˵ڶ죬116գĹѾԼĵ
Ȼٰйĵۺһܵó˵һؽսۡ
ġ֡ʤҰһġСӡһ
һȻȸԾ
ԵЩƣʤһѣǿҲܽܡ˵ʵڵģҲͦϲӣľġ

ǿԽܣҰһЩܽܣɲΪԼƷȡ֡ˡ
ͲƽҰһߵ
ɽҲͬЩƽȴ˵Ұ籾ûоԵĹƽҪԼ̬ȡһࡣǻЩҪƫ̻ҲҲʵɡ
Ұһͷ˵ɽ˵ǣһڲʤһ桯֣һڿûôˡ

Ƶ귿
ȻҲϵĽۣԴˣֻǵһЦֻʤһ𣿴ӵһڵϿǰɡ֡ô򵥵Ʒ
һ˵ԣڵץʱ䣬໭һЩ塣
ΪҪħˣ֮϶Ҫʱһġ

16ţһڡʱ̳ķʱǺ18š
Ȼڽ죬һǾѾȲˡ
ڣԵĶ֮ǰ׳˲١
ߣ׼ȷ˵Ƕ˲ٵġ֡ԡ
Щ֧˼Щǿϵͦ˼Щпˡֻ֡ΪʲôԭǷˡ֡ȻһҲûгȥˡ
ң֡Եڲࡣ
ڣ֮Ŀ⣬󼸷УǸ߹ȥӰϡ
ǸӰ˭ǽҪҪǽֻһ··˼ף
ԽԽˣԴ˱ֳŨȤҲԽԽĻۣΧӰչ



ʮ һ
ǸӰ˭ǼҪǹ··˼ף
ǺȤ֪Ҳչ˺ܶۡ
Ҳٲ²ˣҵķӦǸҪңӦý㡣
㣿ǰֹһΡ
ȷӦþˣǸƶϵġľӳӣľʱ˵ø֪߰ĸһЩ˵ӦòࡣĻӣľ֮һ˵ø߰㲻øӣľһߡۺӦþˡ
ûӦûҪȻǰᵽ
ӦǸ֣Ϊľӵڶᵽʱ˵ģУĹҲӦҲӣӣľĶѡ
ӣľĶѣ٣ҪӣľܹӲаһ򶼲֪׳գǺѼӵġ
ӦܰɣӣľǣǶܽӵĻⲿƷҲС֡ˡʵǺܺ棬ӣľӵģ
ǰһڵĿ̫ˣں뿴һڡ
ڴĳЩԼһֹ˵֡ĳﲻḻ𣿵һ֮󣬿ǻô˵


ഺͯ־硣
Ȼֺˡ
ֺüƺЩ԰ҶСӵġ֡ƺ⣬Ҳڴݡ
⵹̫⣬Сӵȷ汾£һŪЩҲòŵģС׼ʵԲһʡܶ˷СӲЦ㣬Ĳˡ
Ҳһ㣬þǼ¡аѴҵֵøߣ֮ɵʧҲԽһ׼㣬ǾԻôʧġ
ţֺȻЦ˵еǵſϷͳˡ
˵꣬໥俴Ƕֳһ˿Ц

117š
12㣬ħķɻ12뵽
ʱúܿ죬12һʱ򣬻ڵУһӰʮۣ˭
顣һȻһ˫۾ͣϴ
ɫ΢죬һֵۣһμҵʱҲûҰ
һЦֽӹ䣬˵һμʱҵҲ뿴ֻᱻåǡڲһˣ㶼ҵˣåҲˡ
У۵㵱˴֮ûʲô仯Ƥˡ
ٺһЦֵ˰ɣȥԷ
顰šһֱȥ
ڻѡһҷݳԹ󣬱ֱӻסľƵꡣ
뷿۾һ俴һ飬˵пңϴּ䣬
Цǻѡġ˰ɣЪЪ
ͷڿɳ
һ˫Ьݸ飬ڷȻǴЬһЩ
黻Ьޣ֣С
һߵ¡ʱ飬е¶һСŮ˰Ľ̬
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֮ɫƺߺ졣
ֻƬ㴽һɵ㣬Եӡ
ֻǿϧһÿ죬ȥҲ죬ͬѵˮһ㡣
ⲻĥ
ٺһЦ˵Ҹոû׼ãһ£ϸһָо
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ֵһεĸоȻá
ٴκٺЦ£Ϊ˹ƽҲҪ¡
ƲƲ죬˵˵ú㻹ԿƵġ
ףûоܾ
ŤͷľգһЩȡ
ȻоĻ̧ͷһѸٰͷ£ɫ죬Сأ
ȻشգﻹҪش
§ס飬ֻһ
˵ľԽԽʮףʮףʮס
˫ѾϣԸܵʱúܿ죬
˽ľ뿴飬ջһߺƤϣҲһ覴ãӣ죬Ử
˶Ըܵʱ˴˵ƺһɣֱڽ˶Է塣
ϵ㣬Ҳ۾
봽֮ľѾܵ˱˴˼ĺ
ףףһס
Ƭ촽ӣһǡ



ʮһ ˯˯ɳ
һ֮ԴĻ§顣
˶û˵˺һ̧֮ͷɫѾߺ졣
뿪壬ãһЩɢҵĳֵĿһۣ˵ҵĳǣ𣿡
ٺЦţȻţɰȻǿЩӵģҲֻҲܵõǡ
һۣ˵ƤǱˡҪõңҪܹܲ˼֮һأ
Ŷһ˵˵⹫
ͷţ˼ʮ٣ǹȥ֮˼ȻҪ㿼һ˼Ҷ㲻⣬Ҿֻȥһܹ˼ˡ
˵꣬۾ЩĿһۡ
Ȼ֪˵ģǴһӣ˵һ˼ҶѣóľǺ˼Ҵ򽻵ԷַӺ˼Ҳޡ㿴֣ϡǣҺö࿪ģ
顰Сһ˵ĵ㲻ޡУҺԸո˵һ仰֣ϡǡ
˵Ͳظλ˼˰ɡλ˼̫ˡٺ٣
Ļ˻Сȭͷ˼Ѿ˰ѱϡ
Ŷˡ֡ҪƬ̣ʵûмĸĸһɲ
ҡͷҰ֡й߲үүҪѾħˡ
ͷֵܿǣλ˼Ұ
Ȼ˰ɡһЦ
УɶãһԽ벻˵
˵ɶأ۵
󣬿󡣡æ
ƲƲ죬ǰ輸ϵһ־һڵġʱ̳
һֵֵ֮Ӱǲ㣿
Ĵָһ
ôǲǳú˧ʵȻһյı顣
ȷǺ˧ŮһٺЦ
Ŷ𣿱ӣľ˧ʵ
ֵһЩյġ˭˧⣬ȻǺܷǳġ
ӵ𣿡
Ȼ϶ȶһʱǾ֪ˡ
鲻÷ĵ˵ͷûûаӮǸҰһ
ΪûҪ

ʱڹȥɫҹѾ˸˯ʱ
ɫֺ죬СֻһŴô˯
ٺһЦ˵һ˯ôһŴϳһˡ
Ŷ𣿡һߴԼͷһ˵ôŴûг˹أ磬ʲôŮ֮ġ
ţɱһȻ˵˭ǰʱľư¼ֵ÷зȻҲ֪ġ
æҡͷȻûУҵŮ񡣡
ģ
Ȼģ档ĵ
ǡߵߣһ㴰˵沢û
𣿡һΪֵǿոջؼˣţǻ档
ǣҲûǰ˵ЩЦ
ҿܰɡߵǰһ
Զǹ㣬ǳƯȻϧЩֻǽֵƣ¥ϵ޺ƣԼĳơ
ҹ֮ϣȷһƬûҲûǡ
󣬿˵ʵҹһ档Բѵ
鿴͵͵麹Ķġ͡һЦȻ
ܿ죬æֹסЦ⣬Ƕ㣬Ҳû취ˡ˯ɳɡ
ŶðɡԴȥ
ʵȻ֪ǹҲ֪ûлɹ
ǹ߳ģΪ֪ʱ϶ǳìܺԥ
ƤҪڴ˯鶨Ȼܾ
ֻǣҪΪѣշעˡ
ȥ֮Ȼ΢΢һ
ܿҧ˶ţĵȥͳȥҾôû𣿺ߣȥ˯ɳɡ
ݺݵһɣбۿԱߵͷݺݵĴ¡
һɫߺĴӴԼ򿪣ó˯¡
˯ºڴֻǣС¹ײ˯⡣
һ֮ͻȻһ飬ƺûжıӣɳô˯
ߣûбҲ֪˵һ϶㡣顰ݺݡ뵽

ɳϵȻû˯Ϊûбӡ
ʵϣϲǱӣҲú䡣
û˯Ȼ⡣
ţߴꡱһ죬̧ȥѾ򿪣һ˯µ飬վڷſڡ



ʮ 
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ﵴһ˯µ飬Եøˡ
㡭˯ɡС˵һ仰һ첽ܻصϣ˱
Ŵ򿪵ķţһЦҲˣ߽˷䡣
ٻɫĵƹͣŵӰջ
ģҹӰֱۣ˯ȥǻһ˿Ҹ΢Ц

һҹ޻ڶ峿׼ʱ
һŤͷɻ˯飬ޡ
һһ֪ѾˣֻȻװû
ЩЦȻΪߣŲ
ҲƣСĽԼֱۣԴ³˳֮СŪӡ
򿪷߳ȥ֮۾˸ˡ
20֮ͣƿ˷š
ʱѾ·ھǰԼͷ
ˣ˯ŵӣҲͬôٺЦ
ɫһ죬ֵ˵ΪʵȻߺߣ
һЦ˵ȳԷ
顰šһֵǲµһڡʱ̳У
ͷ˵˷ǳȥתһת˳㿴һЩͤ
šӦһʼ͡

ŨȻܶˣȴû˼
ǽ˼עȫҪڣһڵġ֡С
峿ڸͤűͤŵˣԱһڶ˲١
ңһȫȲģſݵġ֡ԡ
ȵͤţһʱõһڡʱ̳ˣԭȲİ־Ҫȷһ飬һĻֵǸӰǲ㣿
Ǻ֪ܿ˴𰸡
Ϊһصĵڶͽ㣡
Ȼ㣬̫ˣֻ֣֪˳ú˧ľУĳͤǰһ20ҵŮ鲻ԽĻ
ǵΧһֱƲ죬ֻ֣գ
ʵϣյŮɲֻһ
һ̣ȫ֪жŮŻء
ţҲųһߣĸŮ
Ȼչ黨գݲҪġ
ڶһʼľӵӣľڵİ༶ȥӣľ
ӣľѾӣľμˡ
ľ˵һ仰һЩ˵ע⣬˵ģȻҸ˵Ӳӭû˼룬ӣľһûġ
ľӵĸ˵ѵľӵĸӵĸˣţƺԽԽˡһЩ˲뵽
֮󣬳ľӵһͬѧĵĸ߳ľӣ˵ӣľˣǺ͹ѧĲ飬óľٺǽӴ
ӣľĸѣĸʱҲѾֱ֣ˮƽ߹۶ԼҰһɡ
ĸһﾹȻ֣Ǵ͵ˡȫ뵽
ľͬѧĻ֮ȴ˵ҾӣľаһͷһҺ˵ˣΪӦһˡ
ľӵĻͬѧΣҲһڶΣӣľУֻʱ򣬺òãľҲܵ
ٽӣľΪľְӣԵʮֵ˷ܣֱ˵ľ̫ɰˡ
Ȼʱˮƽȴ˵ľôɰһѵģ㣬ǳľӵѡ
㣿ӣľ󾪣𣬳ľᵽ顣
ѵǳľӵѣ
ĸѵ£ӣľҵľӣǷѣ
ľ󾽣ӣľŲأʶ
ӣľʱֻ˹оˡ
ȻӣľĴֻƬ̡ľָֻǡ
䣡ӣľһˡ
ĸһǡʱ˳Χӣľģϲӣľĵĵһʧ
Ȼһӣľˣͷ׶ĸѵ˼ûˡ
ӣľû˻ڽҵĽһΰԼԼ
ʱ򣬸꼶Ĳӣľӣľѧȥ¥֮ϡ
ѧ󣬲¥֮ϣ׼ӣľ
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Ȼ˯֮վ֮󣬲ŵȴǷ׷һһĸӺøߣȻӣľࡣ
ڲŻûзӦʱ˯֮ȴһţ˸ոǸϡ
һŵļһŭʵСӣ˭
һʮ࣬㡣˭ֻҪ˯Ҿ;˯֮˵
һ꼶СǰӣľһŭˣΧס㣬׼úõĽѵһ
Ҳǵڶ㡱Ļ档
֡ڶأҲ



ʮ ôͲ
֡ڶ㡱ϵ߳
ӣľ𣿡
ûаɣֻǳľӰæѡ˵ľӵĸʲôģӸˣ
Ӧòɡ˵ǣӣľȤô
ûȤˣӣľȤȫΪľӡڳľϲ㣬ӣľʧˣȻûȤˡ˵ʧ𣿡
Ȼ㣬ֻǵӣľΪѡӣľ˲ûлˡ
ңһοű֮ǰأǼĲţȻʱӣľ鷳ǲ
ʽˣȻ˧
˧ȻǷǳ˧оһƺܰ˯¥˯˵ǸҴ˯ˣġжమ˯ļһĻ𣿡
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ǲأֻҪ˳˧С۹
¥ϻգϡ
ȵȣ¥ӣľҪ¥֪һ᲻ʹ棿ˣǾ˼ˡ
Ҫˣҹļʺܴ󡣡
Ҫӣľ˭ƾˡҲǿȫǹ


һڡ֡Էǳ˷ܣĻҲǳ˷ܡ
ֻǣǵ˷ܲͬˡ
ɽιЦ֮ǰ߹Ϊܹϼڡû뵽ŵڶھѾˡڶڵݣ߰һͨһӣһʧһǲ鷳ֳһ˯ļһûһӪݣڸһҲûչ룬ǲʤˡ
ҰһȻ˷ܣͬЦ֮ǰǰװ׵һڲķˡڲִټóƷʵѾǲˣʵеġ
ɽֵӿЩǣֻۣҺڴ
ҰһҲҲڴ
˵꣬ǹЦ

ഺͯ־磬ֺҲЦ
ֺû뵽ŵڶڣСӾѾˣڶڵݣЩʲô߰ġ
Ժ󻹻ԽԽģɱС˵ʱˣں׼ǰ£СܻʲôĺƷһڻ㲻ѾˣˡСҪӽսĺᰡ
ǣЩ֡ǣڶڵݣԵûӡ
ֺΪΪΪ֡һܺÿŻῴڵġȻˣǾǰ⿴ɡ
۾һǸ⡣
ǣϡ
ȥ⡶֡ڶڶЩʲô߰ġʧܡţܲһӪֵĶ
ǰһڿŻУǳһ㣬Щŵڶܲܺһ㣬ڶڵﵹҲȷˡֻӵȴǼŵĻ죬Լһ˯ļһʧ
֮ǰΪǸأȴ˭֪Ǹ˯ļһ˻𣿰ԼûҪһʲôĽɫŻǰìܵȻӦòΪʵУʱ䲻Ȼԡ֡ʧɣҲ⡣ϾǲִҲҪ̫ߡ
⣬ⲿƷ֡Ժݣ߰ҳһͨûʲôʵʹϵǶǶ߲˰
ǣʱ粻ӦҰһսءǲӦҲܹġ
˺ˣҾͲҪɧˣһɡС֮ͷΣǲӱսġ˵⡶֡ģЦ˧֮ġ

ЩͻȻð˳һڡ֡һ㶣ղݣЩһﶼ˭ڵˮƽ
ǧҪЩ۹ƻԾһЩˣġ
ǰЩһ겻ɢֻҪһᣬǾͻ
û£ǺȥɣǲӰģƷʲôʱʧ

ġ֡ԲΪҲһٲܵӰ졣
˵ҲȫûеⲿƷ׼ȷ㡣
ǰǲ˵ûз֣һ˵֮ŷ֣ƺȷвٵ⡣
ӦѾˡ
ٿ˵ɣƾھͷⲿƷ̫ˡ



ʮ ˥
ͬС
һڡСӡأҲһڵѿôǹ񫡣
ڿСӡ֮ȻҲⲻ˼֡һڡ֮֡˲ֻ
һڵƷҶѾ˰ɣСӡһľʣʼԺУĦȭƣΪ׼սһ˼
ǰʮ֮󣬷оͽӭĵһֵʵͷв࣬ҰĴ£һӮñġڴ
ոҰڽƿغͰգһڵأӦþͻῪʼһˡ֡أȥӣľӶûм룬ҲڳһЩ޹ص飬ҿƷͲӦý֡
һھ˵׼㣬ڴպ;飬϶ϲϡСӡϴλ˲ţܸ˰ɣ
ÿϧұͦϲ֡ӣľġϣܹѽڴպ;ðɣ֮ӦûһƷ
˵᲻ǹⲻƽģĿľΪ˵ŸҰġСӡľչýģ¡ȻѸƽԼƷľ顣
ţƺȷܡٺ٣Ժ۾ɵ÷һˣֻҪģµĺۼ۾͸ҳʱţ
һЩƷۣǡ֡ʤһӦǸҰġСӡ˰ɡ
ǵȻˣҰŵңȻǲܻġһӮһ桯ְˡ
ǰɣǶá֡ô÷ǳȻûôƶź˼Ҳǳ࣬ӣľֻ֮ᷢһЩʲôĹ£ȵȣڴ
ҿš֡ҲңǺ˧
ǣڽ֡ȲСӡҲû˵ôɡ

ϸָУȻȻһ˼á֡ȴΪ֡ʧܵĸѶ
Ϊһ߷ľ飬ûʲôƽΪ׼ԭ
һڻԶĳһЩһڣأܲһֱİɡ
⻹ΪڵȴšСӡľչýģ¡
Ҳǡӡ֤ˣʼ֮ǰʹڵһЩ˵
˾ãġ֡ûʲôϣˡ
ô󲿷ֵĵ˷ܲѣȻЩҲΪ֡еźɣҰһܹӮⳡɲҪġ
ͨ˷ܣһڹҲ˷ܡ
ȻҲǳϣҰһܹӮñֻǻϣǵվڹȥ
Сӡ롶֡ԣҲûа취ƫ̻
ٴڶڵǡСӡռš
ǣһڹܿ͸Լڵڶڵĵ
һ⣬ǶԡСӡ۸ߡ
֡ڶڵݣİѱīʧԼѧУĲ棬ԿСѣһЩõӰ졣
һ˵õ˲ٵѵ֧֣׷סȰ˵˼ϣҪͨƫӮñ


ߵҲ̸Լĵ
Ȼÿ˵Ĺ۵㿴ͬҲһЩͬĵط
磺ʧѧУĲȷݣȷʵ̫ʺƷй֡ڶⷽȷʵһЩ
⣬߷ľ飬ҲȷʵûôƷп֮ӡ
Сӡⷽ׼ȻҪֵöࡣ
Ȼ֡ĵڶ಻㣬Ҳ㡣
磬ӣľܼܲӵӣľ֮󣬻᲻ᷢµȵȡ
Щ㲻䲻㡣
ϣڶصݣСӡǿڡ֡
˫ˡСӡǿս
ôۺ֮ܽȻҲǡСӡǿˡ
Ȼˡ֮֡⣬֡ڵڶؽ֮󣬱˿˥ˡ
Ľ֡ǣҲֻѡεĽܡ
ĵȻδͬҲô÷Ϊ˵Щ⣬ƺȷǴڵġ
٣ӵڶڵϿǴڵġ
ǽܹܣȴЩ˵ֻ
˼Щǿ͹۵ڵЩںڣűְġ
ԣ֡ǣЩ֮һˮ̣ٲ˵ˡ
Щ˵ֻ֡ǣֻߵƣڣܵ⵽ʲôʱ򣿡



ʮ С
118գϣƵ귿
һһ߳ճЦţǣġ֡ڶһƺЩܴ
бڴϣں˵ܴҲֻʱģ˵ҪһЩɿҶǡŰɣٹڣǾͻԶʧˡ
Ʋ조СһȴЩ֮ɫ
һӴ֡Ĵ岢ࡣ
Ҳûټˣſϣ۾һգգĶϲ湤ʱӡ

һҹʱת˲ţڶ峿ߵӰɻ˯
ڸʡȫʡأٵҲͬһʱ֮ô磬ΪһڡЦеӡ
⼸ʱ䣬һǣȻҲƷ졷롶֡Ŀ⣬ǵȴʼյǵġС
һµҲһֱͷ죬пܽˡ
صǵʮµʮ¡
ھ½ʱ˵ʯˮʷС밢ˣ֮һĵ֮ϡ
ʮµĹ±￪ʼ
ڵϣʷСʯΪͽΪʤѩɽɣʯֲ֪Լʲô֣ʷСʯȡΪʷڵ
Դˣʯ첢⣬ȡ֡ǡ
ڣʯѾ֪֡˵˼ˣѾ̫˼˵֡ˡ
ʷС䴫һסڵʯ졣УҲʯһСò
ٺѩɽɰ򽣵붡ģĵ֮ϣҴ֣ʯײ
ʯ쿴򽣵˲ǶĶ˵Ķ֣򽣵֣˶Ķˡ
֮ǰ򽣵Ϊʯǡʯ񡱣Ҫץȥ
ڣʯǣð򽣵Щţʯ첻ǡʯˡ
֮󣬰򽣵뿪ʯصסɽȴǷ֣ʷС밢Ѿ뿪ˣֻڵ˼ʮͼηš
ԭʷС밢µ֣ʯȥѩɽᡣ
ֻʯʶ֣Ȼ֪˼ˡ
֮ʯҲ뿪˻ĵ
뿪ĵ󲻾õʯ죬͵ƳͶʹġ
֮£ʯĶ˽ΪֵܣҺĶĶơ
Ϊԭ򣬾Ķ˵
Ķ뿪ʯٴһ·
ۣʯ塢ˡ
ʯΪ˰õͭƣ顢ͨˡ
ʯ塢ʱΪʯж
ʯΪ˽ⶾ뿪
ʱʯ塢ˣҲʯΪԼĶӡʯ񡱡
ʮ£ͭơ
±֮ǰӾʣصģýϸŷɥģ͵ƳͶʹҲѾʽ֡
ɴˣҲ˱һÿʮ꣬͵ͻɳƳͶʹ·֣ȥ͵Ϻࡣ
ȻǱ͵ˣ书жǿȴʼûһٻ
Ҳǽϸɣ͵ƳͶʹֳΣԭÿһɶԼܵ롣
ô͵ν࣬ʲô˼
û֪еĶߣȻҲ֪ҲǱһ

Բ̳СרҲΪһڡЦķУñƽ֡
͵ƳͶʹˣȻһ㲻Ƕõˣ书ȴǼߡʹ߾ôˣ͵ʹߵλߵˣ书ж
Ͷˡֻ֪͵ʿȥϺࡣ
Ҷ֪ҹƲ󣬹ӹǲҿܵġ
ܲҿȽҿһСҲа֡棩ʯ졢ʯ˵ɶϵһڻûд𰸰
Ȼûд𰸣ѾԲ²һˡǾ˺пֵܹϵȻܻôô˶ϴˡ
ˣĵʮʯ塢򸾣ѹִΪǵĶӡʯ񡯡ʯֵܵĻʯ塢ûֻѹֵʯҲҪһ£ǲԼӰɡ
ţ¥˵ҲеǲֵܵĻֲô񰡣չҲ
üȥҲãϲڴĸо
СƪƷڵ˵ʮ£ӦѾعˡҲԸоԽԽ߳Ĺ½ӾʣֻǣҪһڲܿˡ
û취׷Ʒһ㲻á



ʮ 
ħ
ĩֵϵԱƽʱ˲١λڳĴĹ㳡԰˳ӿ
ȺУЩп˵ƽʱɫҴң⵽ĩڻͣЪһЩ
ȻֲǻվҪϢ
ȷϢΪ˸õĹϧЩȴǲһ쵽֪ææææȹƵġ
һۣԶвΧһȦ˵ȥǱ߿
ͷ߱ʵħô
жֻ࣬ħӷһЩˡгеĺãУһǸϲʥ塣
˵꣬ɫ΢΢һ졣
ٺһЦ˵ϲĻ޵ʥȥ͵ˡ
ɫ죬˵ûⰡҾȥʥѰһ۵Ե˼ˡ
һӣֵȥѰ֮⣬㻹ܿ䡣
һڣֹ͵Ҹоá
ʱѾȺԵδ龰Χ۵ȺһкŹ
ƺʲôȤ鷢Сֹһ䣬ּȺ
ֻȺ룬øһƽ׵СأϰڷһǱʡīֽ⣬ķı
ԱߣһӣϴͰֽд֣ԭһ
һдǣƣӰϪ⿰֤ԡ
ұһдǣͬˮɫ
ߵˮұߵ棬̬
Ȼһǳһ֮֡
һλߣ60ҵͣʾǲףһݣһ˹Բ
ոյһӦþǳǶ֮֡
ڳصĺ󷽣һ֣ѡ
ʣ⡰ָĶȻǶ
˼һ˿Ȥ
ѣλ˭Աһ˵
Ա֮ʻŤͷһۣ۾ͻȻ͵һЩʧӡ
ϳΪԱߵ飬ŮҲֹʧһҲġ
ع֮󣬸ϽЦΣ򵥵Ļشһոյ⡣
ԭݵ߽ݲţһλݵϽڣᰮ鷨ѡ
λԲߣȴǲ֪ʲô֡ոݲдһ֮ԲȥԳұһ
Լ鷨ˮƽӦҲЩͷ֮ˡ
ԭίͷٴλߵķȥ
ֻԲ߹Цյħû죬Ȥ飬Ȥλϸ磬׳ˡ
ݲŵҲǳȻѡȴ鷨ѵˡ
ãǺܶˣҲܹԱȲĶ鷨ͺдúõˡ
ݲͬЦϸħ͵ٲһԵ֣ͬǰ鷨֮ˣݲţ֪ϸγƺ
ԲߵͷԭҽȨ϶
ݲֵԶ֪ɷһҵȶ֮
ȨЦд⣬ҵĶԣһЩȤϣֳԣ֪ҿȤ
ã֮
ǶȤ
ΧӦΧˣ϶ǶԶȤˣôȤ飬Ȼ֮á
ãȨЦҶǰö֮ˣҾͲˣǣˮ½ޣۣͣ޲С
Ȩһ˵һ߽д
Χ˿֮󣬷׷˼Ŵ𰸣Ӧò̫ѣ˸оһ£ӦǿԵóġ
ݲҲͬ˼Ƭ֮䣬Ҳûд𰸡
Сʵû
ͬСȻУֻ̫ˣҲ˵𰸡
鷭˷ۣȴǲĻ
ֻǣԣȴƫƫҪԣ˾ǳߣȨ
ȨԼע⵽ˣȺֵ顣
ʶ飬ľգĳֲ룬ƯŮӣѵţûпܣȷӦҲħֻû뵽ȻˣӿȤˣȤȤ
Ȩ֪뵽ʲôϵЦЩ⣬ЩֻЩ²ƺʲôȤ飬Ҫһ㡣
Ǽ֮ˡڣȿСӵĶˮƽô
գȨЦеĿȺе˵λСŮƯС綨й֪֮Сˣ



ʮ ǧž
ȨĻʱΧ˵Ŀ⣬ȫϡ
ʹ΢΢Щ㵣ɫЩߺ죬︹̵ʲô˼Ұ
Χ˿òȫһеĻŮģﶼֳŨŨļ֮ɫ
еȻǼƯŮѡŮǼ˾ɫա
һ˵λ˼ңСӶԶûжо
Сδ˵꣬ȺΧһĻ˹ȥ
ңЩϤһ˼Ȼ
ǹ𵭵Ц⡣
֮ȴüͷ΢壬һ
ȻҲ˭
ȨݲλߣԼܵһ㶣ȫѰķ򿴹ȥ
ֻ˵֮ˣһʮ塢ӣͦú˧ʯʮۡ
ڸӵԱߣվ͸СһЩСӣӣӦһ·ġ
Ӽ˵ĿⶼԼ¶һΪǳ΢Ц߽ȺȨһ˵Сͻˣ˼Ҽ¡
òλȨͷ޷κֻҪԻش𡣡
˵лл֮ȴǲû˵ߵǰ¶ӺЦݣ˵飬û뵽Ȼܹ㡣
һ˵ҵ֡
Ｋǲˬϵıȴûʲô仯ʱַ·ſԱߵƵģ˵ԭҲڣɵԵ֡
ǺЦԭû뵽Ҳħһᣡһᣡ
˲ǱˣĿ׷֮һ֮ǰʥڣҪѵȴѵһٵ
ҲͬЦҿƺûжԳ̲סĪ֡
ֵˣ˼ݣ൱ġ
Ŷ𣿡ǲ
岻⣬ֻǰ¶Ļᡣ
ԣ˵飬ȥд㿴ҶԵúǲã
鱾ᣬֲԸͷ˵á
ϲһͷֿŵ֣ͷߵɣˣãɾͲ˵ˡ
ȻȴǲɫֻǷǳԹ޵Ŀһۣ֮߻ص룬׼д
֮ǰһĽȴΧˣȫһ㲻ͬѰζ
Ȩǲɫϸۣĵ飿ȻûдѾͷСӼȻʶѾͷħӦҲΪϸĴٶˡȤȤ
ǲ֪Ȩе뷨ǰһдһ߽Լ˳ĸ󣬸룬ɸδɡ
дֳ꣬˽˳
ˮ½ޣۣͣ޲С
ĸ󣬸룬ɸδɡ
ãðСӶԵĺð
СаԵĺãдҲ
ǰдúõ˿ɲˡ

ΧȺһȲ֮ȨݲŶҲǰͷԳ⸱ʲôдһֺ֣ͱȽѵˡ
ҲС˵СӵҲ汾£Եòָѵá
һ£˵˵ʲôأ
ٺһЦ˵ʵʵ˵
ʱҲͷ˵ȷЩµġ
ֵб£˳Ҳ˧ֶ˵զͿ˼أ
⻰ĽȻݺݵһ
Χ֮ǲûʲôֻĿ
ٴǰ˵飬Σ
ͷ˵С
һϲЩĿһۣһ嶯һƴ
סĳ嶯ȻΪԸҲԼӦòĶ֡
ðȻսĻ͸ԷһװƵĻᣬзյ飬Ȼɡ
ոץסʱǰ¶һѾǲˡ
Сٵ⼸죬ʱԻи˳ʰСӣǣˣǣãǾͲ˵ˡ
̶̵һ˲䣬Ժôͷ
漴ٴοһֱۣ뿪Ⱥȥ
Χ۵Ⱥ۷׷ףȨ˿ֱ뿪¶һ˿ȤɫǸ˼Сӡ
ҲһȥӰֳһ˿Ц⣬飬Ҳ׼ʹ뿪
ȴȨһνסˣλС磬Ī߰ոյһλСԣǻûмʶĶˮƽءٶһΣֻһҵȶ֮
ΧҲ塣
ϸĿȨһۣЩ̫ף߽ôרŶˡ
Ϊ̫Ư⵱Ȼǳ
Ҳó߲ûж⡣
ˣҲܾ룬۾ͻȻһ˵ԶСӲóСӵоСȴǲ׳ΪҳĶԼ£Լûд𰸡
Ȩһ㶣漴ЦСӵҲȤ㶨Ȼ׼ҳһȻûдˡ
ΧҲ׹ҲͬһЦ
ȻֺЦûжٶ⡣
ݲҲݸ
ֺֺЦʹ˵֣
ȴǺٺһЦһģʾԼں֣˵ȻҳһˣǾԵĺֱͿǧžԣע⣬ġԡ


ʮ 
˲ܹһõ˵ܹһǧžԣȻû˻ˡ
һһġԣ͸Ӳˡ
پҲܹԳġǣǺҳһ
ȨЦСӿǲСдҵҪһԡ
ͷȻԣҪѻ˵ǰͷǶԲĻǧҪʴ𰸡Ϊûд𰸡
ȨֵУ𰸣СӸϽдɣһôɶ
ݲҲ˵ǾСʴ𰸡ΪܶԲġֻҪСдӣǾһԶԳ಻ǶһЩʱˡ
һЦ˵ɣ
˵꣬ԥǰһֻëʣʼд
ȨݲŶߵߣдֽϿȥ
ĵһѾд꣬һ̡֡
ȨݲŶ۾ͬʱ̲ס޵֣֣ҲôǾԵĺ֣ûһ๤ǾԴﲻ̶ȵġ
̾ѣֻǲ֪ûн鷨ʵչֳ
Χ۵ˣʱҲ쳤˲ӣдֽϳҲǳĺ棬ġǧžԡһǧžԣ
ܿ죬չ
ˣȨʵΪһȴô֡
ֵжѶԣ
ܵ˼ձʣҲЩ֣Ȼǻ֪дʲôȴ֪һ
˵ԽԽѶԣһԣȷǳѶҪһЩ
ô룬ǰдˣԼոдһƣ˵ûдˣ֡
Ȩͷ˳
ݲдڼ棬Աֳ˶ܹõ
ֳ˿֮ͬһ顣
ǵĵһоǣ⾳ڶоǣѡ
ȨҲЦСӴţ˵ʲôǧžԣҺܿ͸Գ
˵꣬Ｋ˼Ҫ̵ʱڶԳ
ݲҲЦҡҡͷͬΪѣӦúܿͿԶԳġҲͬΪոڴţơ
Ǻľĳơ֣ǳ⾳
Ȩ˼ݲ˼ֳҲ˼ǶΪѣҪ𰸡
ȻԽԽԺоҪץסʲôˣȴʼץ֮ס
ˡ𡯡ľˮ𡯡Ϊƫ԰ˣʲôѵģӦǺܼ򵥵ģţ롭ţԣԣ롭˶šš
Χ˼еˣٺһЦߵߣС˵߰ɡ
Ҳ˼Ļ˵ͷֱۣ߱ʵôѶ𣿡
ЦողҲ𣿾úö𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪Ǹо׶Եӣƫƫ벻
벻ʱҪȥˣ񡣡
šɵĵ˵ͷ
ôǲ˵ôѣ
ǿ϶ġ
ǰΪĶ֮һ˵ǧžһҲš
ΪʱĲӼˣɧֻͣǴԹ󣬶ҪԳ
Ȼֱ죬һֱûг
ĵһѵ㣬ȻʹΪƫԡ
һʵѣҪҳΪƫԵһ䣬Ƽ򵥣Ҫȴϼѡ
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⣬һѵĵط
ѵĵط⾳һľĳΧƣһ֡
һߣΪ֮Ե⾳
ҲΪ⾳ʹʱɧͶԡ
ʱҲ˲ٵ
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Գν٣ԡ򺣳¥ӡ衱ȼ̡ľΪ
ľΪҲĶ಻㡣
򺣳¥˳ȫͬɲ⾳̫Զ̫ԶȫһΡ
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ȻǵǻģʱҲһ
Ǿǣȼ̡
֮ϣһأⰻȻ
˵һĳĺǡȼֵ̡ľǣȻ֮
һΪԼһΪ鱼ţ潻ӳ
ر䡰ȼ֣֣֮֮Ҳѷɫ١
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⣬ȼ̡ҲĲ֮
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ȻδʱܹԳҲδ֪



ʮ ʲôʲô
֪ǾԣȨȴ֪ʱɻڿ˼ɻ֣оҪץסˣȴʼץ֮סĸо
ֱһ֮Ȩֹͣ˼Ц죬ƺ򵥡
ݲŵͷʵѣʤ⾳һΪλСѵá
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ݲҡͷʶǳ
λ˼ң֪˭Χ۵Ⱥһ˵
ûҲ֪˭ˡһ˵
ȷˣνУԹȻ顣һ˵
ʵӺǸ˺ʱҾѾ֪˭ˣֲܾءһ˵
Ȩݲһ㶣ô˶ʶСӺ
Ȩʵ˭
ʼ˵Цλ˼ҿҲ˵
ԭȨݲŶͬʱ˵ӹ֪֡
ݲſЦš֮յüȻ鴫һ
ȨҲֲأһӦҲ֪
ݲЦ費пͥǰ䡣
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ݲŸпȷˣ⸱ͬȴǲ뵽ˡ
Ȩ۾һЦӦҲᱻλѻġ
ֿᰮ˵һصĶΪѻΪϲ顣
ϲŶֳΧ۵ȺҲ˽ֻ˽ͬˡ
û뵽д˵ھư¡ӡһΣΪȥһƷŮѵǸոŮȻǼƷŮ񡣡
٣Ӧôˣ֮ǰΪǹڡƷŮ񡯵˵ڿšڲ֪˱˵ĻҪƯ̫Ľˡ
ҵǡþֳôоŮ͵Ů񲢲ͬһˣ˵ߡĵǲ࣬ոоЩ𡣵ȻҲпͬһˡֻǵھưɣЩãоϲһ˰ˡ
ǶȻоˣּŮô׳ֵڶ
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ϾǸոտºڣ˵һԶԳڶôʱˣȴ޹ЩҲס
ݲһ˵һеѶȸҲûҲżͻߴҵġҿԹעҵ΢дһṫ档
ȨҲûһԳģֻǿҪһЩʱ䡣
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ΧףѶȣҪѵöࡣ

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𣿡Ťͷô˵׷ʵٰ
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һЦ˵ѽʱһҿļҹӣ㲻Ҫھˡ
ǰɣѼӻûأҪˣҪȰˣܻȵһ㡣˵꣬һӡ
˵Ѽӣ˭Ѽӣô󷨣ô̫顰ҧгݡ˵
ȿȣһɫʲôѼӣ˭ĳ˸㲻˼ʲôʲôء
ɫĪһ죬߳ŭ
ٺһЦ˵ˣһȥֳۿˡһսʲôģô죿
ѽһЦ˵Ҿ͸Ӯ˵Ǹ߿
ôأѹܴ󰡣
׻˵ѹԽ󣬶Խ

飺


ٰʮ 
ɫݲŻصԺʼ˼
ΪֻЩѶȣ˼һ֮ȴǷ֣иѡ
ȻԽݲԽҪ벻˯ƶᰲȡ
Ȼôʱ䣬ݲҲֻǿڸܹϣԶԶ㲻
һ޹֮ݲſʼЩͬᰮѴ绰
Űҽһ˼һҲûеó˵
ְһһȤ

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ǣЩǣַ׷׸ԼѴ绰
ѵѣѣһŴҽ֯Ĺϵ
ʼЩᰮģһ͵Ⱥ

ݲһȨסĵط֮Ҳͬһֱ˼
ҲˣԶеĸѡ
˷ܣȤҲͬ
룬Ȩ۾һҲͬһ绰
ϸ磬㿴һһʱ֮ڶԳ䡣
ְ۶ǶˣЩСӵá˵һӮˣᰮ棬ˮƽǲġ
ٺ٣ϸ磬οɲһʵ˵ҳġϸ䶨ˡ
һβ˵УҰɣŪһ
Ҿ˵ˣϸϸˡ

˵绰ȨЩֻ룺ŮԲȤˡ˵СӦܹΪŮɡ

һעˣΪߡ
һеʼٸȴ˯÷ǳ
û취ڲ࣬˭˯

˵ڶ죬Щߵˣɻû
ҲڱԽԽ֪
ΪѾˣԶȤ֪ˣԶȤˣҲ֪ˡ
ǻỨ˼ȥӰǶϲ
ΪһͬʱҲԵڣ⾳һ棬䱾Ѿ㹻ԡ
˷׷׸̾峿Ũ欣һĻ棡
⣬䵮Ḷ́ҲʱΧȺڱ༭ӣϡ
һЩ˿֮ŻȻ򣬡˵˭ôأһôԭֱʡ
ȻڻȻıЩЦáġ֡ڿǴڱ˥Ľ׶ΣúõĹ˼֡ȴȥŪʲôҲû˭ˡ

һ峿ʥ壬һŨơ
֣վڳϣǰʵ峿еķҷпǧһգգ
һֵ֣ҿûл㽭⾳
пǰԽԽ᲻ûȥˣ˵Դš
֣ϿɵĵͷֵҲ֪СӵһǲΪǰĳ𣿡
Ҳȷ˶𣬲ϧΪ̫ҪԳսͽ޹
֣̾Ϣһ˵ǰһԣǧ֮Ȼû֡
ɽһźνдһ䣬Ѿ㹻
֣ͷ˵ûдһ䣬Ѿ㹻

ͬʱΪпˣԶֹ֣ˡ
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ȻȻпѶȣҾͲ׼Գˡ
ʵϣҶҪԳûô
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˽췢еĵڡܹ֡ע
ǿ˥ˣšֵ֧ˣֻǹעαˣһڵݷǳӡ



ٰʮһ 
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ʾػһȭ
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bloodһڵġ֡أҲ

blood˼ѪѪһֻһЩ˷ܲѡ
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Ұһ˷ܵĴЦˣĳ׵ˡȻһڲһڣһھȻֱӴܾʹˡȤȤ
ɽҲЦû׼áҰһǧѷĻᣬǧҪ򵽣ǲпġ
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ֺСǰ컹ȥʲô̬˲ò
糤ҷΪǹȥôһĿľΪתƴҵߡôҲҪѹĿ⣬ڡ֡ϡ
ֺһĥͷţϷ˵һôǾǼһڡ֡ܲҲΪٶԡ֡ʧ̶ȡСӵǴһֺ̡
òϣСӵһ̵ȷЧǾѾúܶΪ֮ˡ
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ֻ֣εҡҡͷȻġ֡ƷݵĵվڹĽǶȣֻǡ֡硶Сӡˡ



ٰʮ ٴʤ
ħЭᡣ
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ֺʯ糤ܲԸ˸ԤƷңҲ㲻У԰
ȨҪ⣬ǵȥ֡ҪСӡˡְһһ䣬ǹϵĻ⣬ЭᣬǹĻǱߣԴ˶йע
ֺʯݻֵȶҲ˸ӣľΪľᣬôǾʹ˳٣ǻռӣ㣬ĻҲԼǾ԰ף֮Ϊ޵еˣô£ȵȣЩǳڴ
ȨµȻǲҪɡĹ£Ϊߣֻż嵽µСһƳƷ⵱Ȼûʲô⣬ؼڱǻһֱƷȽϡƫƫڱʼǰļ߼ϣ˵ƷҰһġСӡһҲǽߵĸ׷Ĺ¡ǰ£֡ߣǼǹپʣˣĽ¶Ҫ䡣
ֺʯͷȷһ⣬һǾȥ̫áٹ۲һڰɣһڵġ֡᲻ߣûУٿҪҪȥɡ
ȨţҲֻˡɽΡҰһٸһɡ˵ǴħãѵҪȵƷ᣿
ֺʯǵƷڷϣʱռϷ磬ȻҪһĵؽϼɪˣȵǵƷ·ʱȻͻعȥˡ
Ȩ̾һҲ֪Ϊʲô̾Ϣ

֡ˣȴɻûп
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ǰķֵʵȷǿⱾӦһƾеĽ
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ҿҲǣװ˷ˡӣľô֡
֡һʱûͦЦģҲݺڴֵڿϧˡ
ɶÿϧģڸҰӮˣӦףǡ
˵ûӦףǡ


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һʲôëΪ֡еźѸоǵֻ
ߵĵҲ̳¯ҵ⣬ܴҵĴʸнף˼ǡ֡硶Сӡ
ڵıƴСӡٴʤ

úܶ˻ȸԾ֡ǣȴûܵӰ졣
ɺ˼õҲԽԽ
֮ǰֺʯ˵һӣľѾӽһλ𣿻
˵һӵģҪμӣĹУûʲô·
㣬˯ļһһ֣ӣľ޵У
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ǶȤ
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ǰ;ϲ֡ˣ²ֵ⡣
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Ȼ磬ﶼûг֪ȵҶֻ֮У
Щڴ



ٰʮ ڴƷ
Ƶ귿
µĿǣӣľˣ˭ۡ
ڴϵֻ
һ˵ڶԡСӡĸߣһ㲻𣿡
Цɶ͵ɪˡȻСڴϣȷĲòַֺۻڴֵڴǴҫȫⲿƷȴŲٵ⣬ֻڻûб¶ˡ
ٵ⣿ɻʵʲô
ҲˡСӡ̻ô
룬˵ͦõİ࣬оǳַḻ
ͷȷ֣ǵס˵֣
룬˵ͼǵǽҰ⣬˵֣ƺûʲôӡ󡣡
Цˣ̻ϡһõƷǵĿ̻ȻҪǵĿ̻ҲԲܺӡ򣬾һֿƷڶʱ򣬾ûңƷʱҲֻΧǽۣ˾ͻȤ⣬Сӡһ⡣
У̲ס廰
ЦЦ˵Ȼɲ٣ֻ˵⡣ǾǴ۲Ľ⡣СӡӿƪڣǼӡѵϰѵһʽʼһвˮ߶ȼС
⿴ƲʵǺģĵƷһһмûʲôڣڸտʼʱ򣬿ܻ÷ǳ񫣬ˣͻӾƣͣǾȤСӡȻ׼һһĴҪ˼ڣǾͻӾƣˡ
һ㶣˵Щ⣬֮ǰûһ룬ƺȷ
Ƭʵô˵֡ʵֻӣľˣ
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Уưɣʧ֮󣬿ǻҪꡣ




ٰʮ ʷ
Щ˵֡еۣҡҡͷᣬҲ˿ϡ
ϳ˹ڴ֮⣬һЩţҲͬע⡣
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¶Ȥɫ
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Ѿˣһҿң̨ǲôţȥһ̨Ȼ棬ڽϣǡýһ̨ҸϽֻһ̨껹棬ڽϾȻҲܽһ̨Ҿͱߵַʽһ濴ˡǶ㶼㲻
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Ҳ԰׽Ĺãǿ롮԰׽ֲ࣬ôĲôأ

һͨۿǿֱӱ±ǩԲеĹ桱µĹ桱Ĺ桱ʷĹ桱
һ߿һ߳ճЦţЦᶼˣ˵棿ҲԣܵõۣҲˡ룬ǼҵЩ֮󣬻ʲôı飿
ҳЦҵĹ棬Ҽҷź򣡡ٺһЦϵ˫֣ƶԲͦεĸ߷壬һ֮УΪ˵ӡ

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ҵĸԱʱҲۣ˵˴Ĵۣȥôһ棬ǷǳǵģǻһΪá
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»ЩԵԽԽֱ׳䳰ȷ
ԱҲԽԽ˥棬ֻûʲôȨֻ˽ۣɧˡ
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ôܵλãͷˡ⻹ҪģҪǣΪҵڣԼЦ˵۹⣬̿ȻȥôĹ档
ڵܲãȴȻѡֻҪܹ棬ͻᷢתһеɻɢ۹⣬õҵ;ȡ
ȻˣҲû˱ѡҲֻѡ

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ԪౣͨԼ·ᱣļҵ
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ЦˣǱ5000Ĺ棿ڷǳңı5000ˡһ˵ǾˡڳΪЦľӦˣңҰ
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Ϊʲô¡Ǹɵ޴һ顣
ȷԪһξԻѪ޹顣ʹһ棬ǲʹù棬ڿٱڵãһʹã˷Ч߿ʼᡮǿ𡯣Ҳû˭ˡ
ٺ٣˵Ǻ£֮ǰԪвСгġںˣһǿľ֡

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·ᱣѡȻǣһҹ湫˾Ĺˡ
ڣҲǳԼѡ
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һһãˣ·ᱣܲң
칫
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ҡͷǿδأȥ˲֪
ȷҪȥһô죿
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泧ҵƷЧеģֻû̼Ҵôžˡ
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ͷҲˣֻǿһ֪ĲƷ԰׽Ҳ
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̳֣ܴѡӪƷĹ˿Ҳв١
ֻǣ˿ҲЩĿƷЩͷ裬֪ѡһֺá



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ˣߵǿĻܸǡԱ˵
Ҳǿ⼸춼챻ˣû뵽￴ʵƷˡ
Ҳ챻ˣҼԲеĹ档۸ǲ󣬿Խܣǲ֪ô
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ȥʲôո˲˵챻ǿĹ淳𣿲˵ǼԲеĹ
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ʼ磬ε¶һ治֪ԭ򣬿ǴҶӡ̰ɡ
ȷЩΣ˿ͻѡǿ֮Уԭ˵
ӡ̣еһԭɡ
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ǡСһǡ͡һЦ۵ͷһ˵ԼƵĹԲС
ԭ鵹ûʣҲ֪⻹˵
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Щڣոĳڼ
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ľܸӣľͶ10ĹУӣľܹ򣬲Ͷһ򣬾ӣľӮ䡣
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ӣľڸӳ룬ӣľ֪ӳǳľӵĸ֮󣬻һʲôı飿
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ղݣ¥̫Ц˰ɣӣľСӵĽڲ٣û׼
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ףͻȻһ⣬Ҷԡֵ֡Щӡ󣬾Ȼȫǳ̡ӣľ㡢ľӣˮƽĸˣԼողųֵĴɡ
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һڵɻڻΪ֡ȡСӡãҲʱûз֡Сӡı׶ˣһѿѾڷ

һڿ꡶֡Ļ֮Ҳһ뵽˼֮С
ȻҲ֣֡˵Ļ֮ƺҪԽԽ򵥡
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ǵȻϣ֡ıڵݶԣֻܶԡ֡۸ߡ
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ôܽʣ֡ʤ



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ħǶ򣬾ħ10ﴦħĽɽˮħԲ20ڣ羰õһط
ɽȻߣСɽҲִʱʱܿһЩСС࣬ɽּɽɳ
һӴɽŴżֻܿˮ񣬴ˮӹܿʧ
ԶʮũԺ£ͯϷúԶżŴ˵ĺǳ
һ˼ЩۣһռСıռС֮⣬ϲݻʮֵӣܲԶЩũԺȣԵø롣
⻧˼ҵأңһλȥֻ50꣬˵ʵ70ˡ
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ԣ˵ĹϵЩ΢˵ѰɣҲѣϾԵļͥ࣬Źͬİúͻ⡣
ȻҲŹͬĲȺá
Ҫ˵жཻĵĺѣǿ϶Ҳ㲻ϣ׷ĵ·ϣǶǵˡ
ֻǣ˹ͬĵˣȻȰѹͬĵ˸ɵ˵
ţǳ֡

Ȼ֪ЩҹӸѾˡ
Ȼ֪ˣҲδػ⡣
ΪʲôͷأǮܹõĶʲôǮ򲻵أ
ĥţռ̳ﵹĿĺöǮ򲻵ģؼЩͰ
ץסүӵϲã˵ү䣬ϲϲ䡣
ڣ󺺶δүӵĶ֡
ҪүдУ
ţе㳶
үҲϲģƫʫʡԼС˵
Ϊүдʫֻ߳үӶ
һ̫ѣүһʱԲˡ
ţǲСʫǿԣԱѡ
ĥ
鿴΢üӣ֪ˡ
ﵱȻģԽò⣬֤Խⲻǡ
Щۣ߹ȥ˵ô⣬ʲô⹫ܵġ
ЦЦ§飬˵֪ġ



پʮ ͣ
125ա
Ժܶ˵ֻһͨӣһЩ˵Ӿͨ
峿ãħͨԶĹ·ϣĳԱն˲١
кҲͨĵʿǴħͬһ
Ҳеһʿϡ
ų⣬ʱʱһȥǺЦЩ˸òᶼȥμİɣǮ˿ǲ٣
ҡͷӦòȫǰɣǳǵҪɵͶࡣ
δ˵ȴʦ˵磿Сȥμģүӽ٣
ŶʦʶүӣЩ⡣
ʦЦҲʶҾһܳǴ³ǵط䣬һλүӾסҵĳ˵磬Ҳֻǲ²⡣ڿȷүӹˣ⵹Ҳˡ
ҲЦԭˣʦµûүӵʮ٣ȥμġ
ʦͷֲý·ϵĳն˲٣Ƕ˲ٵĺտɿôĺ˿үӵƺЩ򵥰
Цүھһͨˡ
ʦ֪Ը˵˵ݣЦЦҲ⣬˵үӵɣǴүʸãף˼ҽ١
ͷʦˣһʦף
Ҳ˵ллʦ
ʦЦӦõġ
ʱ򣬸ոʻȥǰŻͣʦ״ҲϽͣ
üͷһ壬óǰǹͣʿġ
ʦҲͬüǰʲô˼ƺǹͣǵġ
˵ǳϵ˺ܿͻ
ȻͿǰĳŷֱ򿪣ӳŮһŮһʶ
е˼°ֶͣʦ˵ʦǵģе顣
ʱ˵˷ֱ°׺ŷࡣ
һ˵˲׹Ҳ˵СҲ׷ˡ
ʦ˵Ļ󣬻ͷ˿ľգԼԼƺµһЩʲô
ҡҡͷЩӵ֮飬޷Ҳ롣
ֻһʣΪʲôСӺŮҪ򳵣ԼӦҲкŶ԰ɣ
ٿǰ泵°סŷˡ
°ʵĿˣ⳵ϣ
˵ǸոͣĵطʻʱȻʱ̣ܶǡ͸ںŵ顣İɣԲһֱҵԺ
°׵ͷǾͳˣСӾȻʿҶеˡ
¸磬ǿ˭ˣôʦڵӡԱһĲҲƯŮӽεε˵
°װڰ˵飬֪ġˣÿһЩ
飿ŮӶһۣΪӣŷŭʡʡȵȡ
飬Ȼ֪˵÷ǳƯһڸҹԵߵоͰǰˡ
ȴıߣôĹӸ磬ȴһҲϡҲ֪濴ϣǹߣ
飬ǼĽЩߡ
°׽ÿһЩȻҲ֪ԭ򣬲ɫһȴԶһЩ
վ֮ŮӾߵ飬ǰɣܺãҿһǲôƯ
°סŷߵʿԣŵĳѾҡλǸӰǳ˼ĺ˭
Ȼ顣ͬʱĻŭţʱûȡ̫Ưˣÿ춼ܿžգָжã
ʲôü
°˵飬ݣôʿҵĳɣôò㣬Ľ
ŷҲϽ˵飬ҵĳɣҵĳԶֻ㡣
һûгֻøһˡ
鵭ˣҾõʿͦõġУҵ֡
°˵ﵹû̫ʧѾµ˵ǵҪĿ
°һɻı飬˵㲻˵̸ôһ˴򳵣
ŷҲǰҪѵĻѿ϶ѡ򳵵ģǶûӣûôҲȥһóɡ
ֵǲ˼ǴǣҪľǵ͵ң񲻺ãλߴ˧СӣǵĴ𣿡



پʮһ λ
һ˵°ȾɵŶԭǣȥͨʧʧʵûϳ
ŷ˵ǣʹһʿȥүү㺮ײףһҲͰˣؼ飬Ͳ֪һӣ
󣬵һЦԷ˴³ڣﰵַ̣ΪһĿģԼŭȻٴﵽǵĳĿġ
Դˣзǳĵ⣬ΪŮѡԷҪҪּ
ҪöԷʣֻһͿˡ
еЦţסܷ⣬һ
ɫһ죬ֵĵһۣȴǲûнħצŲ
ٿ°סŷˣָոסܷʱ˵۾͵һ֮ȼա
ɽʱ˵ǴŭҪ˵ֵͣ޲̰ӳקһ١
С̫ˡ
Ͻÿͬغȵ
ȴǵģ̼ˣЦλӸ磬ǵĳʲô飿˵ûǾˡ
°ܷϵ֣ŭܺãСҪ֣ͱʿǰǱһ˭ȵ䡣
쭳ҡҡͷ쭳ֺ˺飬ǲȥġ˵ЩٶǣҪ쭳ȥЩ̵ĵط˵Ҫɱ޹ˡ
ղݣĲˣôڣһ仰һǲң°ŭ
ĻشҲɴ࣬ң
ղݣꡭ°һǺ֪ô˵ˡûм˺޳ܵˡҡ֣˵˵ֱ׳ûһ㲻˼ӡ
㻻һˣﲻңҲҾֹûʵɺͽڣֱӳԼҵġ
ҲΪԷֱӳϡҡʹޱ֮⣬Ҳûʲôİ취ˡ
мȺЦһۡ
ǺһЦֵǸȻûˣǾˣ
ֶʦ˵ʦǵһȥԱƹȥ
ʦһֱĬĬĿһУԺͷһȥȻƹǰʻȥ
°˿ȥ˼䡣
ŷ˼СӾȻһ㲻ŭȻ򵥡
°׵򵥸ƨƤˣ治֪οģϹۡ
߰ɣոҲȫջСӲҸǱʵʱһ£Сôǰ̧ͷ
ţҲֻˣȥɡĵʱ˵군°˵
֮󣬼½ϳҲ·

䣬ҵı
ĳУһλ60ҵ˹Цϸ磬ôˣ
ǰ죬ڡѡֳż˨
еϸ磬Ȼլӵˣ⹫ˡ
ʱҡͷЦһӮˣ˼죬Ҳóȣ̫󣬲ĶԳˡСӳģֲģûҪ̫ɪ
ȨֵϸԲӣСӳûһʶ飬СӲ򵥣ҲϾһҲԵüԣйϵԺҪܹΪһʣҶȻҲǵֻĽķݡ
Ȩ֮⣬мλˣ;60꣬70ӡ
Щһͬص㣬ȣŭ濴ȥ䣬ʵҪСϲ١
Щ˶Զв̶ͬȵƫʱȨôһ˵ǵﻹǶһĽ֮ɫ
Աߵλգأүү
صû׼һǲ֪Сûкõ
ȨҡͷⲻС˵˵Ҳûǿһʣ
Ŷ˵Ҫأн飿
ҡͷûУҲû֪ҽ١֪ǳֺ֮ҵҪֻ̫ͻˡ˵֣ģ
ȨĵѾͷûнѵݣ֪Լүү⹫ҲҲ˵˼
գȨû룬Ҳֻǲ²Ǵɡ



پʮ ޵С
ĳ⳵仺ͣ
ˡ˵
ͷֻĳ֪Ѿˡ
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ʦڰ֣˵ǵǮΪүףٵһ⡣
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ͷ˳⳵ʻ롣
ܿһȦȻʱ仹磬ԶһشѾͣ˲ٵĳ϶Ǻó
ԶɽֳɽŴһ֡
羰ǲ޵
ǵȻˣСʱÿηżٶᵽ棬ֻúˡ
˳ܶվǻᷢıġ
ֿŲԶһ˵Ǿ⹫Ұɣţϲַ񣬼Ȼ⹫Ʒζࡣ
һۣ˵⹫еôȸ
һЦ˵ӴԺҲ⹫ˣЩģȻҪһЩ
ʱ򣬴Զ߹һˣԶԶЦ飬ʱ䲻㻹ôƯ
ƣүү⹫սѡٵĶ˵
ͷ֮ǰ˵׷ЩӸм˵үү⹫սѣǳҲһ
໥֮߶ҲƵЩӸҲСʱ飬ϵܺá
ֻǺкܶණѾСʱС޲£ϵҲڡ
Ƹ磬ˡ˵㲻϶ܣҲƽ
ԣԴƵ̬ȣԴ˵̬ȣԵġ
ϸһۣипû뵽Ѿͷ󣬾˵ǾɫֻϧѾͷҡ
գƿɬһЦ˵㻹ǽҡƸ硯ϧٽ㡮áȴѾˡ
Ҳ̾һ˵Ƹ磬һֱƸ硣
һֱƸ磿⻰пɬ̾Ϣһ˵λɣƿνǾƷǳĽ
Цˣ㣬Сʱûչ飬лˡ
Ƶӡ󲻴ʼΪ콫йӸ磬°Ļɫ
ڿƺȫǣƾͲǡ
Ƶͷԥһ£˵֪б£ǵöע⣬֪в鷳ԭȻס
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Ƶͷ˵飬ˣͲˡ
㣡˵
ƸߡҲ˵
ٴοһۣҡҡͷתȥ
ߺʵ飬ȥ⹫ǡ
ʱ̫ˣǵȻȥߣҴȥתһת㿴һСʱȥĵط
۾һ˵⡣
׼뿪ȴһЩ˵ӴǵĴҲˣ⳵ٶȣԤеĻҪһЩ
εҡҡͷ겻ɢͨȻó˵֮°ס
ֻʱ°ߣŷ֮⣬ˡ
״˵˷ֱ½úܴһ˾ϵ½ҽѧң׺үүҽ֡
үү壬ڲʱ˲һֱ̫áȫҽԺܵүү塣½үү͸׳֣Žүүá
ڣүүѾȫˣ֮ǰµĲҲȥˡȻүү˵Ĳܱ֮ȥӦúһһλйء½үү͸Ҳǹûһңܸм½үү͸ס˵½ҽҲ츳֮пܻʤ
黰°׵Ҳպ߽
Ҷʶһ£λǴǡ°ס顱Ľܵ
ǺһЦ˵ӣ˵ңƭ˵İɣ
°׵ƭʲôȻҲпǴǿңм
½ʱ˵仰˵ˣҿҲ˼Ҳм
Ŷ˵˵ǣǿ˼ӣм
ͷûȷʵ˵ģǶ˵ˣҲòϡ
ղݣ°ס½ͬʱеǽǼʶˣʲô޵С
ǱΪ˵Ĳҡ
˭֪Ľȫͼƣһ°׵ˣ֪νӻˣ
ҪӻҲֻӣȻ㿴°ףǾ棬Σ
ֻӻ֮˼ǣԼ°
Ȼ̫ʡ
ԣֻĿţˣȥ



پʮ һ
丽й䣬ʱʱָĳطϲ˵СʱȤ£·ֻصǸŮʱ
ֺǺǵţŮʱȤ£ýζ
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ŵ֮ߣǻиɫˣĿǰкʺã׽
ǵĿȻ飬ĿҲǻϴ
Ǽݣֻǹϵõѣһ£Ҳ󷽵ĸԷһк
ʲôˣֻòԵĻӦһ£̸ཻȻҲͲˡ
ܶʱûܣѵ飬ڱдˡ
Ȼ֮һ𴫿ģ°׵˿ģڡˣл˲ͼӴ׵ݡ
еıͶ֪һЩ飬ûм飬Ҳ˵顣
ԣ֮
һ龹Ȼ̸ˡ
һţҲ֪Сӣʲôܹ׷飿
ֻǣЩƽʱһĸĸӵǣ
ڶǣСӵĵΪʲôôСȻŵɪɪ
ʵ˶֧֣ǷЩ쭳ˡŵɪɪҲ̫ûϢ˰ɣֱӾܾôСȴ׷飬ĪʹʲôֶΣ
ڱ󣬿һС£ʹ÷ֶ׷ĽթСˡ
ټڱԶԶӰߴҲ˧Ǽᶨе뷨
һʱܶߣǸСӵԴ飬ǿɶ
ȻߣȴҲûвȡʲôж
Ϊ֪ؼ֪Щ϶ʰСӵģͲҪǲ֡
ٺ٣Сӹƻúѿܶš
ҵǺСӵȻμүӵ硣̫ţ̫ɵƣܶ˻뷨
һڱǵ뷨νԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽס
°סŷˣʱ¶ϲ֮ɫܹ۳Ǹһ֮ϲ

Χ
ؼϱϯӴˡ
ſеʱϯСոȥǱ߿һ£·öˣСѾͷѵ飬˵СӺܲ˵С÷ֶ׷ġ¸òİɣû۵ôϾ޷粻ˣǲӦùһ£
װֵЩ۲֪ףͲòˣרĽӴÿ˾ˡ
ϯ˵Щʲô˻ȥֻ˵õġ
СĶӣ滹һ㡣ֱǴףѩĸ顣
ѩûе֮⣬ֵȫˡ
ϴס飬ڱ͡

鲻Զһط°סŷ½˾ۼֶףֱξͳ껡
ξ鶢ķüСǲС˺ͨ
ҿҲͨƫƫϲʲô취
°׵Ӧʱϵĳһסˡ˵һûᣬֻҪܹСӳпܾͲټС
ξЦһ˵İɣиļƻСӶǶˡ
һֱû˵ĳͻȻ˵ǱߣǲүӺү𣿡
˳ųָķ򿴹ȥȻҡصȼλˣӱķ߳
ŷϲ̫ˣˣʱ仹磬Сӳ˵
⡣˵ǾѾȲˡ
༸һ˵аӣȲҪ椣Լүӡүӵǰͷɡ
Ȼӣȴ˵ãǾͽˣҪСһѵ˵š
һӣΪ˵ֵǷģҵġ

ֻ°ǣܶ˶ҡص˴ӱ
ֻûǰȥţǲ룬ǲң˵ûʸǰȥš
ȻҲˡ
ϲ⹫үүǣףǸôôڹ԰Ǹˣ
Ц񣬾ˣΪܴҲšʱѾϳ㡣
ɻʶңȴΪδûмţҲ⹫кܶѣҴûм
ЦЦȨξȡǣһˣȴ۾͵һһ
ֻʼǿ𾪣ȴǲɫߵ飬ûз



پʮ 
ȺеһλˣȻ֮󣬵һȥʡʱڳվһšȵµλˡ
ʱѾȥҲδλˡ
ȴ˭֪Ȼٴٻո˵ģүүһЩ顣
лȻλӦþүүˡ
侹ɺϵ顣ţԣ˵ɺϣ˵ڤڤ֮⡣
𾪹ƽԶԶˣֳһ˿Ц⡣
鲢֪е𾪣Щ˷ܵ˵ǹȥ⹫үүǿ㡣
ͷҲд⡣
Ȼ׼뿪ʱѾߵߣ˵ǣŶЩҪ˵֪ɷƲ
δ˵˵ʲôϽ˵ǻҪȥ⹫үүǱߡ
æЦ飬䣬Ҷֶ˵ôһôͷ
飬Ц˵öԣҶѣȥȥ
鱾˵ʲôԥһ£û˵ڣǵ˵ͷ
˱ȭ˵֣ɡ
һûߣֶ˵飬ǿҪһʱ䣬ȥүүүүǰɡ
üҪһȥ
ֶЦЦҲһɡ
ͬǺЦ˵Ķԡֶ֮飬ȹȥɣҺǽ
ԥһ£˵ͷ˵ȹȥˡ
֮תҡصȥ֪ʲô飬½Ҳ㲻
ȻҲܻ㣬ȻˣǾ԰ɡ

ߺЦһǴˣʲô飬Ӧ֪ˣҲ˲ٵ׼ɡȻˣҲʹ촰˵ˡϲ飬Ҳϲ飬ǲ֪ʲôֶԻ飬Ƕ죬үүĴ٣ǾһƽҴӦ𣿡
𣿡ǺЦѾŮˣϲ飬ҹܲˡҪǸҴʲô⣬ͲҪҲˡ
Цһ˵ȻҴ⣬Ϊ㡣ˣˡ㣬ո˵ǲңȻ㲻ңҲûа취ֻĻǻô˵ҪûҲҪҪǣؼҡռңϲСˡǵ˼
ͷ˵ף˼ҲӦؼҡռҶῴңƾͻˡҴӦĻоԵİӮң˵ĻҲ̫ࡣۺǣˡ
ĵͷ˵Ȼܴ鿴ĺ͸ȻѡһЩ
ͷֵףѡϵͺһɡ
棿Ц˵Ķԣǵȷ档ô͹ȥɣǱר׼ĳء
Ŷֵȷ׼֡
ĵΪĸȻҪú׼һˡ
Ȼȴ˵һͨĳضѣҲ㲻׼

ֳֹǵע⡣
쿴ǱߣǸɣǮƣؼҹϵҲáСӣòҲйء٣Ȼող²ЩӸǲĵġ
һԤУƺʲôȤҪˡ
ҲҪΪ˶𣿡
ƨؼңүӵٳ˭ﶯ֣ˣҹӦûһʲôƴɣƽ
ƽ˵СӵĵӺСҽܱƴ
У㶮ʲôСӸҲøңҲøҡԼûӲ˵Ҳˡֻƴһѣˣ飬ϣ
쿴ǳˣǴʲôЭ𣿡
ˣСӽʲô֣û֪ģ
֪û˵


۷׷ףҡصȻҲע⵽ˡ
ҵСӾѾͷѣţզͨ豹棬ͨˡѾͷ۹ⲻ
ȴӰû˵ǳ϶ûм
ոյһۿӰʱͲһֵоƺӰԺ¹ӡ
ָоʮ󣬰˼⡣
ֱ쳣񣬵ָоֱ
һǵһָо
ʵָ֮оΪȵԭ
һšȵ뵽ÿһλΪصİ˻
һšȵԵռ̳ϵͳ
֮䣬ͨȵΪһֺ΢ĸӦ
ָоҲͲˡ
ֻǣԼ֪ˡ



پʮ ħ
ȺУ°סŷξҲˡ
°ʵ׼Сӱʲô
ξ϶ʫʸ踳ѧϵĶ֪֮СӵĶ֡óħӦû취
½ҲҾҲǣ˵ѧħΪȡ飬ȻڽӴħ֮ȴԼȻħ츳ϲħˡ쵹һǳչʾ̨
ϲħ̫ˣСӾԲħǱɡͷԣǧҪ椣Ķ࿴
⻰Ҳ༸ڵ̬ҪԼͷҲ⡣
Ǿ˶øСøеˣֻǡ
黹ͦӵġ

ξ˲µĲ׼չʾĵȷħ
ΪȡȥѧħӴ֮ŷԼħ츳Ӵ֮İֶһħ
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ԣ֧ѧħõʦõĵߣȥ졣Ǯôԡ
ԣͲֻ26꣬ǳһħʦˣħʦɿõ롣
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ԣֻ֪ħˮƽܸߡжߣȴû֪ĸĸҲ֪
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ԣʱǳ˷뼤׼õĳС
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ԣǵĻ϶ƫֱˣһ˿
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ҡضмС˵ģҲȫûеǵȷӦÿģҲӦɲŶԡϧˣôһĻᡣ
գҡضͬʱҡҡͷϧӡ



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Ķһ˵ǱЯʽ˷磬ΪֳĿǣܹ˵Ļɡ
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ٺһЦ˵Եˡ⹫ʮ٣ЩģӦǵף
⹫һڣֳ˶һ㶣ûô˵Ļ롰⹫顣
⹫СӺ˭⹫үӣƾʲôүΪ⹫
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ʱߺʹĶ˶ţߣֺּЦڵϣͷϥϣȥܵĿˡ
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Цһνѣαؽ⣿
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ȴʱżҿոֻС֣ػиӾʵֶΣǴ۽硣ˣټҲ١ԣ
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ǲؼǰɣ˭ԸԼϲŮǰأ
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ˣȿıݰɣоҪʼˡ

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ʱһҪѪĳ嶯ĵСӸòǴʹֶΣɢҵעɣһħԶҵľʣҲû̫ĸоǸɶִСӡ
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Ȼ֪ڳĻ֮һȴǹʹģ̧ͷ򶫷ա
ҡصҲ⡣
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ֳһΪֵĻ棬˶̧ͷ۾Ŷա
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ⶫȻǸ߼;ƺǺܴԣһֱƷûʹá
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ܻûˣָʵеˣǿԻûġ
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ȻΪ˸оħЧͯӰ̫ڱ棬ˡ

ȫ̧ͷƬֳ֮õˣͻȻһ
ңһĳԾ̶ȣԶ֮ǰʱͷ·𿴵ʲô˾Բŵ顣
󣬷־ԽԽֱֳ࣬еˣھ
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ģӰԽԽλҲƺԽԽ̶
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ϲˣȴ顣Һ˸ˡôܹ׹ˡ
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ָоñеĻҪ𺳡
˾ɴ˫ۣеͯԽԽԽԽ



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һ̣һּɵĸо֮ǰ˵Ļ⽫һӣΨһһμɵĻᡣ
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˵ǣҡصˣͯԽԽҲǷǳļ
أͯˡ˵оȻһ˿Ľ
¶Ľһ亱顣
ȨҲĽͯңǴ˵е飬쾹Ȼˡϸٹģֱɷˡ
ĽҸǼʵͯңӾ֮ϣ·ΪֻǸҡ
ִ˵е棬λܵ
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ҵͷðһ뷨ͯѾߡ
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ҽӹ֮ͯջ֣˫ֺʮ΢һȻ󻺻ˡ
˵ովλ֮۾գ£Ȼ建תƮȻȥ
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ͯˣ˶ͯʧķЩ
ոһУͬһʵξһ㡣
һ֮˲ع񣬰Ŀ˻
ȻֿȻڵĲ輸Լ輸˵ҡ
Ȼɻϵһҡ
ղݣȻģΡ˾
ԱͶȥӵ˵ϻȻġţҲԣȷġ
ûԱ˽ӹȷеӦ˵ͯģǿͯȴġҲôоǰìܵӣ
ŵȷǰìܣǿ⡣ĶħħʦŶ֪ģħʦҪĶࡣ
ȷҲ̫ˣֱ͵߸֪
֮ǰΪħȻҲȷʵħȫһˡ
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УΪ˼͵мͷ¶档ǿǹŵЦݣǿһеźʹݡ
ûûˣ۾һվɢΪ֮ԡ

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ȥȥʲôֻǱ͵Ըͷ
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ǻ˵Ϊƣǿɵ˵ɵһ
˭˵ģ˼ڹ󱲣ҪŬ
ǻ˵
˵ðСרųǰɣԭүǺǡǺǡ




߰һ ˵
ֳ֮֮ǰȣ˸180ȵļת䡣
󵭵һЦ֮ǰڣûзϡ
ȴҧгݣ˫۷ߺ޵Ķսթ̫װơ
һϵбݣҪǰ׼Աĸӷӡ
Ҳ˵Ϊ˽죬׼õʱ䣬
ô׼ȴƫҪװһȱݵӣ̫ˡ
ЦôˣЩû԰ԼּֿԣڹҰ
㡭Ҫ˵ЩʲôȴһʱסˣΪ˵ƺʵȷȥԵġ
Ƭ̣ŷСӲҪ̫⣬ãպ׼õħ棬;ܿôˡ
ŶǵԸһεܹһЩɵЦ
һһ˦䣬첽ξ顢°׵ȥ

ҽеӣȥĿ˿˵ӻǺÿˣȥĴҲʮʵֱһҪ棬ҡ
ЦأĪ㻹ҪһڲɣӵȷˣŵŨĹ㣬ѵ̶ֳȣˡѾܰ˵ǵˣһֹƷ
Ȩȴôʵˣȴֻܿܳԣź
ΧĿҲۡ
ȥ̫ˣ֪ǼٵģҲ̲סҪҧȥ
ҲһҲֵջү˵ȫǹƷһǺĹƷ

ߵ輸ǰһҿ˿ַڱǰᣬ۾һӦġ
֮ǰûٸӣֻǸͷûô󣬵ָۣУ㣬ȴ֮ǰԵЩһ޶
漴˵үү⹫үүûв´ĻЩӦġ
ģҡؼλˣֳĿˣԶһ㶡
ҵѾͷӿŵȷģôôÿģ
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ЦԼֵġ
УֳȻţΪԸ͸¶ӵ·˵Լֵġ
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һʱ䣬ܶ˶ȵĶŲ輸ϣ10ģ˵ӡǲԶ٣ֻ볢һζһ㶼С
ҷ·˴ҵһӣ˵ЩӶûȥԷʱȫгСÿһ˶ҵζ
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Ȼ֮ǰһУһӶ޷
˿Ҳȫˣȫۣ˭뵽һͨˣȻ֮ħ衣
ԺؼֵЩͣʱҲ˹ЦǴ۽磬侹ħС˲ðҪǣ˱£ȴ˵ĵ͵ȣ
СǲȴǸ֪ҵʲôζ
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ֳȻѾƽȻǾЩδ
໥֮Ȼţͯҵ顣ֻоͯͣʱ̫̣ܹͣһʱͺˡ
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ˣͯ׵Ϊʲôңʲôˮƻ֮ġ
У㶼֪ոջô𾢡ףҴǣף˽١ҸСҡһ˵ڶ˰ɣԹž˵
Ҳأ˵ЩҵȻҵ˼ǣΪʲôǡҡƻ桯ʲôģ
ʲôΪʲôԹġ
㲻֪ɡ
У֪˵
Ҿǲ֪ʰ

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һʣֳܶ˶һ㶣԰Ϊʲôңˮ
ܶŷֻ֣֪Ȼ֪Ȼ
֮ǰҲû⣬ҲǵĺĹ
û˭֪ΪʲôҵĺĶˡ

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УпȥоΪʲôأ֪ףҾͶˡ½˵
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˿ξ飬˵飬֮ǰ˵һȫ뷨Сӳô׼ʲôʱ֣
ξСӻħһȷ⡣ҲõģͽҰɡСиָı£ҲɡΪҪ飬ǵܹɡСӱٶ࣬á
Χһ۾ͬʱһеʵ飬ʲô飿׼ʲôʱʼ
ξһЦ˵ʲôǴ˱֪ʲôʱʼţٵȵȡ
Χ˿ξϵĵģȫһ룺ƨСӶ˵

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ףѵҶ֪ⲻܰɡ
ƻû֪ƽʱ˭ȥ
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ȣһЩ˵Уһͨˮ
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ΪάغߣάEǵȶӪɷ֡
УάEǿ˥ϵģ̲ǿãرάأ˵ĳ綯Ӳضкô
ԣСһڣһ𡱵
ϣףңǴԢ⣬ǴӪֵ˵ʵġ




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Ƹ˽ףҵԵɺ֪Ϊͨˮ֮һӣȻôĽľء
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һ˵ҲѸڿ֮䴫ܿ죬еĿ˶Ѿ֪̾ϡ
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˵ͻˣһʱ˵Ժ˵
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ЦǺǵİڰ֣ʾǲؿ
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һʱ׷Ҫٽһζá
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ʤޡţޣҲǵ򻮷֣оþԶòɣӣƺһĪļ¶
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ҲĸԼ˲ʲô¶ûˡ
˼ĸĶɣҲҾûһЩ

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ֻǵ㵽ֹһߣѾ˶ʤ޻ɽաţ̨ɽʦʥͥһᡢĸʴۡ·ɵһ͌ըĸԪء
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ξ顢°׵ڵĵط
Сӳһηͷǿɶ񡣾飬㻹׼ٲ֣СڿеķҪԽԽˡ
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ŷôˣҪʲôʲôȴһǶԺ󴫳ȥǻҪô죿
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߰ е
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ǿǲμҵСȥòҪʲôɣǺαأҿѾͷϲӮˣأ
㲻룬ֳп˶֪Ƕ⣬鱻ˣûһ㷴ӦĻ±˵ˣЩ˰ӿúҪԣһҪӮġĿ࿴ȻãǲܣҲҪһӡ
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Ҳ˾ȻЦպǳѺõӣ֪ģΪսء
٣ǿʤ⣬ʱ仹磬Щ֮Ҳǲġ
˵ûûǵǿʤиոյͯңԸһεҲͬʡ
һο˭
˵ãı´ҲˣңҲ򵥡μСȻ֪ݵģ»ȥսҪôоԵİգҪôɵμСӵȻɵһǳĴԣ˭ʤ˭治˵
ӲŸ˼𣿡

ۣҡصȼλȻҲע⵽ˡ
ҡҡͷ˵μСֲˣȷ̫ˡ
ЦԤ֮е¡ΪӣΪʲôЩҲֻҪܹ󣬹ƽҪôڣȥɡ

Ц֮˵ôڣ˵һ˵Ҫʲô˰ɡ
ξͷȻ뿴Ǳߡ
ξһ˵һָһ
˳ŷ򿴹ȥ˵ţ羰ɽˮġ
ξҲΪ̫ˣҲǵطķ羰ң֪Ǹط뿴ԼԼüһɫŶˣǽۣӦܹüɡ
ǺЦУǿü
ʵֹǿüԶǿ̫ܹ࣬ƬɫУһѨ
ξͷͺã֪ǿɫ򸽽һֽ١Ķֲܹҵһ꣬Ҵ͸үүǳĺʡүүҲǳĸˣΪֲﲻԢãڼ˵Ҳкô
Ŷ٣°˵ǵȷǺö
ʱʵʲôǵ٣ֵǰ
ЦǶֲеһ֣Ĵٸϸ˵
ǹɵĵͷ
ξȻѧţôҲԸȥѰһٻ͸үүɣ
ȻҪԵģĪǾǿ˭ҵһ٣Ҵ
ξ˵ʡǾͱһȿ˭ܹҵ٣Ұǣ˱Լǰǿ򣬲ժ֮⣬ԽܹһԶ˹ȥѰҵ٣ֻҪҵֲ֮ժͿˡ
δ˵˵У̫ԶˡȻֱܹ߾پͳ10ټм仹кɽȡũϰҪ֪Ҫƶ·̣ɽˮģߣ֪ҪѶʱ䡣֮ҪѰңҪءܲҵҲ˵ܹҵʱ򣬹춼Ѿˡ
ͷ˵˵е˵е󰡣
ξǺЦҪΪ˱˵ûһѶȣҲû˼ǣңƾֺ͵λҲҪһѶȲϲǡ󣬻ԽһԵġ
ߵܽʲôһɹȥɣУȻ֪һе٣˵Ѿ֪ĸλˣȴҪѰңⲻƽ㲻ҪӦ
ξĵ椵ҲѾˡʱˣа취СӴӦ
룬ξȴ˵飬⻰Ͳˣ֪һе٣֮ǰҲûȥǿԣʲôλãǲ֪ġ
˵ֶ˵Ϊ䰡
δ˵ȵΪˣҪŶԡ
𣿡ξ鵭ЦΪβұԣ
ߵﲻˣ
ξթһЦ˵Ȱ
ҡһϣŷ֣Լξƽȥˡ
󣬴۵ξ飬ߵǲܱȡ



߰ ʮ֮
Ա߸ýһĿˣˣξҪʲô֮Ҳһ㶡
ǵĵһоҲеˡ⵹˵жΣգжѣҪʱʱ̫ˡ
˵ﵽǿɫֱ߾Ŀͳ10ټϺɽȡũȵòҪߵ·̣֪ж೤
ټѰҵٵʱ䣬ڲŹ֡
ҶүףٵģǱҪԵġ
ξ˲μⳡɾ͵ڷ磬ʧɾʹˡ
ܸ翪ʼ֮ǰҵ٣Ҹϻ
ֻǣӦǲܵġ翪ʼʱ˺пܻûߵĿĵ
ˡ
Щ˲еǳɻξΪλܾ˵ıԣ
ѵжʱڸϻİգ
ξıԷʽҲѸڿ֮䴫ϢĿˣǷ׷״㵡
ȫĿĵȥһЩõˣͿǿɫˣҲЩԼԼС
μСӵģүӵ粻μˣ
ɺϷˡǾԲӦԵġ
ǰʽؼⷽļҳܲμġ
ѵμСӾΪ˲μ磬ܾ˵ķʽ
ܣǵԼΪЩӸıԲܣЩӸ֮䣬ƺͦʵиСžţμСӲûôɵء
μСΪʲôҪıԷʽ˵뷨Ǹ㲻

Ī䲻ҡصˣȴǴܹµξδģ
ҵǵطȥûеٲ֪ʵ·̲кܶطͨ䲻жΣգȴǳʱһȥһأѰҵٵʱ䣬֮ǰܻ㲻ˡҪڶʱڸϻ취ֻһ
صţȷңμ˵һܼ򵥵顣ֻǣĻС˵δЩƽˡ
Ȩܹ뵽ģСӶȻҲܹõԣ϶ǲӦԵġɲʲôӲӵġңӦҲᶪӣҶܹ⡣
ҡصҲǰԵͷ

°סŷˣҲһ㶣Ҳû뵽ξıԷʽ
Ȼ㶹֮۾ȴξ֮ǰ˵˾Գ׼
ھ嵽ξıԷʽνĳ׼Ծǣڶʱڸϻ
°ϲҪˣңӦѾ֪˵ٵľλá
ŷţаٷ֮ٵİӮˡСٶı£һáһ塣
ҲҪ˵̫ˣҪСӴӦԲСһе׼׷ˡ
½ھͿˣûа취Сӽܱˡ


ԱЩЩŵ飬кůܷ˵Ҫģзִ硣
顰šһ˵㲻ҪӦˣһȥңôҡ
ͷֿξ飬Цûв´ĻӦѾˣڶʱص׼˰ɣ
ξȴûֱӻش𣬶˵Ǿ仰Խһеû׼˵ǹƽġոǴӦһġȻҪڵĻҲǿҪбǡֻҪԼУұԾˡ
⻰ʱЩðɣ׼˵Щʲôȴ
ֻЦ˵ûˣôܹ˵ԼءԣҾʹӦɡ
ξϲڣæ˵ãҾ֪ǲܲеģȻġ
˵˿ʱ䣬ڵʱ1010֣Ǹ׼10ӵʱ䡣10֮Ҳ1020ֵʱ׼ʱΣ
ͷ˵ԡ
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˵꣬˼ȥڵʱ䡣
ȵȣ鼱æ
ξˣȴǲûͣ
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⡭㡭Щ˵ôܴӦأⲻͬıξ϶׼û׼ȥˣҲز㲻ӦҲܻ˵㡭˵㡭ʲôеġ
ЦҵȻ֪
㻹Ц˼ҶˡţԹ
İɣҼȻҴӦȻа취ҪӮ֮ǰϻԵˣμ⹫ϯ
ɫһ죬æѳôˣأа취
ЦȻҵı¶ء
һۣƲ˵ͳǿɣ˿ô죿
ٺһЦ˵ҲңҼҷź򡣡
ȴһͺæ˿ȥ



߰ ÿ
ӦξбϢԼٶڿ֮䴫
󣬷׷׸оţμСӷˣҲŷ裬ǳ׷ˡ
Ϊ˶һֵ˻̫ˣʱ
ҲȻĴӦˣû뵽Ҳô嶯֪磬˵ǳҪ𣿡
ǰμСӲμ磬ʵûʲôμӵĻʵʹˡĻЩÿɡ
10֮Ҳ֪ʲôʱܻҹǵȲǻˡ
ٺ٣ҵȤǻһ˭ʤ˭һȥҲûйϵ


üСӾȻӦˣģ˵벻ξСӴʲô⡣ȴΪʲôҪӦֻΪһⲻܰ
Ҳǳɻ˵СӾһµˣȻҴӦ˵аաѵμСһ׼ֻǣҲ޿ܡİʲôǸ˿Сӡ
ȨҲˣ˵СÿζľϲһΣȴʵ벻ףʲô취ƣǧǣһʧѵСһҪʧˣ
ҽӿڵһʧˣҲþһ¡һˣһˣʵĳһʧܵζ𵽾ѵáһֱǳ˳ûһۣ׸һֹŵ͸С
Ҳͷ⵹ûҲһֱʧܡպҪʧܣǻڽ֣޹ؽҪıʧܡԣСȥڰɡ

°סŷȼȴڻ
ξ顢߽°˵飬ɵúãС䶨ˣܲɹȥ𣿵Ȼܡ
ŷҲǰһˣ֮ǰһȵСӲҴӦû뵽鼸仰СӴӦֱѧרҡ
˶ξֿޣҲмģξ÷ǳˬҲǳĵ⡣
һӣ˵˵һСӶģǿžͺˡ
һӣȷҪ飬Ҿһ
½Ҳ綼һ
ξЦãǺúúȣءڣҪ׼ˡ
úãͽˣǵȾơͬʱ˵

ʱһһڹȥǵĿ⣬ͣξתҪһ˻׼
ֻξ黻һǳŵװºڿڻ󣬽һ˫ڵķĸ߰ѥӣϻһɫͷķǳһվ˵Ӣˬ
ǵֳһЩСŮ˫۷ͣξϴɫЩߺ졣
νĸŮ
ξװǷǳţֻǿȴһɻƺ̫ڰɽˮװ
ٿߡ
С֣ûκε׼·Ǽ·Ь˫Ьӡ
ðɣƺСӾ뻻װҲûװֲμСǰͰװ׼ˡ
ҲûйϵǲװҲӮĿԡ
ʱ1018֣ڿ룬˻ѡγʱ򣬺һĺԶԽԽҲԽԽ
ǶİȻǡ
һ˲䣬׹
ȫȻһ̧ͷȻһֱɻĺ
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ֱɻȥǷַӵ飬Ѱҵٵʱ䣬ϻμ磬һûС
ңμСӺпѾ֪ˣٵľλáҪʱ͸ˡ
ҲˣμСΪʲôᴩװ
ʵӦ뵽ģƾμҵҪǷǳ򵥵ġܶ˶뵽
μСһڵ̫ˣֱӰӲˡ
һʱ䣬ǿȫͬ˿̵϶Ǳġ
ҲμС̫ˣͲƽÿ
ȷǹݵģ˼ƫƫΥ档˼˵ˣʹһҲȥһֱɻֻܡʧˡ
ȷҲʵһ֣μСȻЩҲ޿ɺǡҪǵĲܣȫԲӦġ
ǰӦһӶˡ˱ٻҪһӵġϧˡ
˵վ̫ˣֻǹˡҲãۣܵҲþǻ¡




߰ ֱг
鿴ԽԽֱɻֿ˿ε̾˿˵ܣº˰ɣҪˡҲңӦ뵽ֱɻģҲһ㡣˵ʲôˡ
ЩԹܣֺܹЩ뵽һ㣬ͲӦбˡ
ҧгݵ˵С̫ˣȻʹֱɻǲҪ
ϵֱ飬ȴЦǺǵ˵ʹֱɻΥ棬Ҳ㲻ϱɣóԼƣֵÿ϶ġ
һۣ˵㲻ǰɣΪ˵
СֹѪģѾͿ˰ɣ
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֪ˣһ㶣漴ֵͷ԰û뵽һ㣬ȷӦ뵽ˡţԣȻ㶼뵽ˣΪλҪӦ
ЦȻҲʹֱɻˣİɣʲôʱûаյ£СӶɪһҴȥ硣
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ʱξν緢ֳܵ˵Ŀ⣬ЩСŮĻĿ⣬˶ЩƮƮȻ
Ŭڳһǳ˧ƣݵֳĿǻ˻֣Ҫɧжɧ
ЩСŮȴǷǳϲɫ죬ĿҲӻȡ
ֱֳܶƲ죬װƣʲô£
ξڿһ֮󣬲ЩδģֱϵĹԱһݡ
ݻ䵽֮ξǳĴͷȻץסݵһݣٵ̤ݵһݡ
֮ݴξ黺ȷʵ˧
ܿ죬ȫջأξҲֱɻĿͲ
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ڵķеĿ˶ǵá
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ţһӵģٵĿ˶ΪԼҵ˴𰸡
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ʱֱɻͲξ飬Ҳֻ֣Цһ˵ߣ
°סŷ˿ֱɻһԶȥȫ˷ܵȭͷǿһҲӮˡ
Ե˷ܣĳڱˣȻֱģξͬһսߵˣԱҲû̫ˡ
˷ܣʱ侮ʯĺʱ˷ѣ

ҡͷ̾ȻԸСӲҪ̫ˡ
صСڵƺҲǿװġҵǳǿһѵá
Ȩ̾СһǳʧܵζˣԸܹһЩѵɣ¶ܳ嶯

ֱɻԽԽԶ
ˡп˵ﶼţŴ˿ǿջЦǶһҡͷ̾Ϣ
򽹼˵ѾԽԽԶˣɸô죿
ȴЦżֱг򣬿ɱһֱˡڣѾˡ
򣿡Ժ۾ɻ
ûɣ㻹гҪϳɹȥ𣿰ӴҪЦ𣿡Ц
߽˵Լгﻹ̵סЦǼģԴͿˡ
ԣѸոһ˵úǴýĿ˶ˡ
˵г򣿡ǵûЦֻǷǳĿ
ղξ΢Ц֣˵Լгҵĸ죬ǺͿ˰ɣ
ǿ񣬳֮⣬ֶһЩĶ
˵ԼгϢҲڼ̵ʱڴܡ
ڿǶΪͿ˵ʱһƳֺХͻȻڶ
ХƺǴӼߵдġ
ʲô˶һ㶣ȫѸ̧ͷпȥҪ֪ХӺζ
Хƺƺͼеĺܲһ


߰һʮ ׯХ죬ǳ
ȫ̧ͷֻڼߵ֮ϣһֻȫѩףӥƵĴԼٶȸ¡
տʼҲûξȣҲûζ룬Ϊ̫ԶƵӥĴ񣬿ȥһֻͨӥƺû̫
ֻЩ֣Ϊʲôôߵ֮ϣХܹôУ
ǣֻĸ߶ԽԽͣ˶оˡ
Ϊ̫ˡ
񽵵͵һ߶ʱѾ˿ʼ
ղݣôôչף峤һסղݣԣչٳס껹ǲԡ굽ж೤
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⻰ХȷûסڳǴԵռ
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ϣİХռ䣬һֱǱڸ߿֮С
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ϽȷǹΣӦһֻ޴ĵ࣬һֻǳĵࡣޣ̫ƯˣȫѩףһëûС
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ˣҵѾ׵ˣ췢̫ˡ

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Ȼͣ־壬ƫƫʮֵ񿡷Ƿ
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ſţ˺Ȼһԣ𾪵ͬʱ־ϲѣ֡
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ʶʲôϽ˵
Ƕ֪Եũׯɣ˵ԵũׯмׯޣͶǳӴоһֻޣХ졣пܾˡ
ԵũׯĻׯޣǡˣˣԭˡԵũׯׯޣȻ
Ȼո˵ʥĹʱҾѾ²ˡֻǣʲôħˣ˶ħ
ԭׯ޾Ȼģ֮ǰһֱΪϵҥǲ˼飡
֮ǰҲΪҥۼȴȻЩš
Ǵ˵еХ𣿵񿡷ǷΪ֮˵ļֻׯޣҲˡֱţ
ԵУХ֮⣬дޡС׷ƣޣͷޡƺֶһֻޣֻǽʲôˡǰһֱΪֻǴԣڿХ֮󣬲֪档ͻȻǳ뿴һЩޡ
У뿴ܹõģ˵Ǽ¶棬ȥԵũׯĿˣҪ㹻ĻԵܿޡ˵кܶȥΣȴʼԵü

ΪХĵǳһЩϳݡ
֣ԼԵũׯׯ֮ҲѸڿ֮䴫
ֳĿˣԵũׯ֮ׯ޵ĴԣҲһЩ
ֻǾˣ֮ǰΪǼٵģʲôģžͲ
Ȼڣ֮һХ죬ͻĳǰ𾪵ͬʱò޴Էʵ
ȻҲһСˣ֮ǰû˵ʲôԵũׯ͸û˵ʲôׯˡ
ڿʼԵũׯԼׯޣҪӡĵˡ



߰һʮһ Ҵȥ
һڹͿŲԶХ죬˼Ĳסҡͷ̾
һκģʮӣ𾪺ͻȡ
ʼʱһХͻأ˶˻ûʲôӦκȴ͵һ𣬻æ嵽Ժ̧ͷϿȥ
ڣκ۾ֱĶХ죬һֱ૵˵ʲôϡһЩʲô̫Ưˡֱ޷󡱡Ȼġ֮Ļ
κԱߵһͻȻ˵ˣκ㲻ϲֵ֪֪ʲôࣿôô󣿡
κԣ߲û뿪Х죬شӦһ֣ԭӦǺ̫࣬˼ˡ
ࣿԱֵκҼǵҲһֻ࣬ǻ˺ܴ۲ŵõģƽʱĸʲôƵġͣҲͺͨĵ࣬һ
κҲ֪Ϊʲô᳤ô󣬿Ϊԭɡֻܸȣ֮ȼǸ˽ǰɣ
˵꣬κ󲽳ķȥ
κȥԱʵ
κȴûд𻰣ֱܵԶˡ

ҡءȨҲͬΪԾһӾ˶ٴˣ̩ɽǰֻҲ治ɫ
ȻֻȻ֮ǵȴɫ
Ҹ֮̾󣬵治У磬ǲ˽Ķ̫ˡ
Ҳȷźܶ࣬ÿѧ޷͵ĶҲкܶܣȴȥ̽Ѱڻׯ޺Х֮Ҳţû뵽ȻġڿСӲ´󣬸ֻԵҲͬ죬СҲһδ֮գ
Ȩ֪СΪʲôҽܱˡΪСһ䶨أû뵽һ˫򣬿ֱӷɹȥ˾ϲûֻи󣡡
ҵȷûֻиХ죬Ӧɺɣ˵ҶһĽСˡ
ءȨ󣬲÷ĵͷһҡͷ̾ǽĸ̾ʵ̫ˡ

ֳĿǣ֪Х커ׯ޵֮ټ˾һԣǵȻͬηȴҲٺ¡
һЩХ쿿Ҫĸһ޵ķɡ
Խǿѹ֮оԽǵХ۾ǵʱһֱܵĿ־֮У˲ϮȫĿͨͨĿֹ
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ŰХ죬ͷ˵
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ХХһ޴˫ٴչա
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Ǿϲ۾۱ǿտ죬۾΢¿һ㣬ũݵءȵȵòȫӳһһָصĺ顣
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ֳ¶ȣȴΪеĻȣ˲١
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С֮ǰŪʱ򣬶װƣ磡ڻˡЦˣָоˬ
ΪһһЩӣԺúõĺһˡ



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֮ǰǼпҪľ棬ȴƫƫӮˡ
μС̫ù̫죿ֻ߻ʲôԭ
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߰һʮ ĸ֪
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һ˵ͷ˲ӿۡ
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ڣü˵ǡ֡
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ڣüͷ˼



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ڣȻı䡣
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ѵ֡ôãõĶǣԸϴĽۣ
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Щָ˼ˣܵˣ׷׳ԷȻ͸Ӳˡ
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ȻǲòУ20֮߽Ӱ
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ģϾ̨͵ƷҪСԽŮԭǳߣĳƷУӦҲٮٮˡ


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ҲһһЦŻӦЩοܹг֣ũׯҵ֮ǰ;οͣźЩС
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⣬ӺϷҲͬСԣ滹ܲ˵ܸɲħӣԽӺϷӣҲûоԵİա
ƽӿڵˣҲܵġҪ֪ҪĴӣѾӦʵӣֹһҡǵвܴͬ󣬴ѾĦȭơԣǲŸӲð¡
ƽҲ˵ѡáϱˡʳɼħ֮֮ǰѾǷǳˡвпܱӷ𣿡
ΰԪƵ˵ͷǣȻЩΣʵ
ƽͷܺãҺʹҵĿһġǣΪȻֹۣǻʤѡáԽŮ벻ľϲ
ǣ̨ΰԪ˵ʲôȴƽҰѻ˵꣬ĹȺޣһǳı׶ˡһǶ룬ֺγһǳĻ
ЩƷҲãʷƷҲգҶѾĵٺãҶҲһӾƣֻͣԼ֪ˡ
ʱһȫµ磬һԭ绹ģ绹ľʺÿľϲȻĻŭţǼѡ
һȫµģҴδĹӰ飬һǾѡ
ȻҪһ㣬ⲿҪǳľʣԶ֮ǰЩܹȵġ
ԽŮһ硣Ҳ棬һ޶硣һĹԱûܹѹơ
ħҲãһҲգǰȻʧɫ
Ϊһͨ磬ڻʷϵɱ䣬ῪȫµӫĻʱ
硶ԽŮԭС˵С˵ʱһԽŮӾ磬ҲؽӾʱ
ӹһеĵߣǣӣһеļ֤ߺӪߣؽڻӾʷϣŨīزʵһʡ
һУǾͲڴ𣿡
ƽԽ˵ԽѾɫ죬֡



߰ٶʮ ʴս
ƽܼ·ĥԽԽǾãƽķеԽֿԽ
յȻУַգͳɹĻԻͱʲô
ң˳ƽķ֮󣬴Ҹоƺ
ԣ·ҲͬԽԽӫĻʱһոµʷӿ
ջûֵܹ
Ƽ̨˵ķǳԣԽŮѡ񡣡
ΰԪ̨֮ͬǰǵĿ̫ǳˣһɲصź
Ҳ׷׸ͣҶܼ
ƽڰ֣˵Ҳˣʵϣ֮ǰҲû뵽ô֮࣬ҲŻȻסôˣԽŮ25ʼڻƽ𵵲ÿһ֮ǰԤȹ̿ʼ
Ҫ֪һεԤȣҪ󲢲ԣ˵ǻżҪȥǵҪǸķȺ壬Ҷ𣿡
ף˵ĻشͬһĦȭƣ¸߰

ֻӣӣڽ괺ڼĻƽʴսҲͬ
һףȻλ⣬粢ᣬͬӵʷһȽϡ
ǾͲʡ
ʵϣǱӸʣһ׵ʣȲطӣǳ
һ׵ʣ϶ڵһһ׸оɣЩɽۻ˼
⣬ħӡӡӡϷӣͬΪĴӣҲиߵ͡
ӸߵͷֱǣħӡӡӣϷӡ
ĴҲи̡
ħȻ뱣סһӵĵλϧؽഺ硶˭㡷һεʴսʧ
ӣԼǰӣһֱڻһ׼ͬһ磬ɫᡷ
ƱҪⳡʴսУսʤǰӣҲҪſһ
ϷӣޣͬΪĴӣΪʲôҪ棿
ԣһβѰ·ѡһ־Ĵ磬ؼҡ׼ǰһɫ
ߣǺҲӻʱҪĴӣȡ֮
ԣһҲͬԲʧ
Ĵ֮⣬໹мӣҲͬǳ뷨ӡӡӵȡ
ǿǵۺʵδؾͻĴӲ϶٣ϷӣѾڲ֮ˣĳЩ͵ĽĿϣҪϷӡ
ĴӵıǲҲȥһˣ
ȻһεʴսУȡһóɼֱĴӵı֮ȴǷǳҪ
뷨ҲͿ֪ˡ

̨ĥЩѡеľĵݺԱ˵Ҳͬǳӡ
ȻϣԼݻݵӾ磬ԽԽá
໥֮Ȼ˵Ӱɣо裬̬֮ȴǷǳԵġ

ʵĸߵֱͣжһӾƷĺû
ڼʴս˵ʵĸߵͣȴΨһб׼
˭Ʒߣ˭ϴ
ôʴӺζ
ȻǴĹȺ˭ƷܹĹڣʣɾͻԽߡ
ԣӾڿ֮ǰƣԵΪҪ
˵̨һͣڵԤ桢֮⣬ƷݡԱȣһҲһЩƽ̨߹ϣΪԼľƣԼķ˿֧֡
ɼĵݻԱⷽ棬ȡһȻ
ȻҪĻǵÿϾһǵʵ˿ٶ࣬ж٣
ڣӵԤƬ϶ѾˡӾײʱ䣬ȻҲѾȷ
һף46ʷ硶ײʱ䣬24ϰ˵㣬ÿ
ħӣ42ഺ硶˭㡷ײʱ䣬25ϰ˵㣬ÿ
ӣ40д硶ɫᡷײʱ䣬24ߵʮ֣ÿ
Ϸӣ42־硶ؼҡײʱ䣬24ϰ˵㣬ÿ
⣬бӵ44ͥ硶ˡ
ӵ46о硶ٰһΡ
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ȴΨĴ֮һӣʱûгĿԤ档
ӲЩɻ󣬡ڸʲôûȷһ磿Ӧð乺ݵļͥо硶ϱˡֲܣΪλٳٲԤ棿
ν³̨ԴˣԵø⡣



߰ٶʮ 𣬽ζ
ΪӳٳٲĿԤ棬ԵúܲĹȺ壬ԴҲۣȴҲ⡣
ڼΪɱ˵ȴһӾʢ硣
Ϊ׼ĵӾ綼Ǵ磬ôͬһʱβһ֮пûء
ô磬һԼϲġ
ңҲ֪Ӷʿ÷ǳҪÿһˣһʴսй٣һɱȨˬС
ҪҸ㹱ʣǾ͵ÿ׼ĵӾ磬ϲҵθˣ
ָоˬ
ԣ۴ķ˵ĹҲԼʴսǳڴ
ħӵġ˭㡷ԤǳŮҶϲͿˡ
ЩȥĵӣÿǺÿоЩˡһǿϷӵġؼҡɣ־ġ
˵Ӧö࿴ʷ磬֪ܶƽʱ֪ʷ֪ʶҾһ׵ġ
϶ӺĴӣҾӵƷҲܺã籱ӵġˡƾһ֣ҲĿ

ѾѡԼϲƷˣÿһӵƷйѡС
ҲЩкü綼뿴Ų֪Ӧÿһã
£ѡݣһ㶼տϰߡ
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ȻһڣƽʱϰԵϲտˡ
Ӷ½ʼƷԤˣȴΨûзӦⲻ΢һЩż
͹۵Ľǻϣӣܹʴսʤ
֮ǰб˵ˡϱˡӦþΪһ׼İɡΪɶٳٲԤиأٲԤ棬ɾʧȻˡ
ǰҾ͵ſϱˡأֺƷ϶ܺÿġ

Ǹе֣ϱˡĳƷݣҲе֡
˵ݣӸò᲻ǵġϱˡɣ
ܵܲãǳǵľ֮⣬һԽŮǵѵáԽŮɵ˲ࡣԷİɡ
˾ӱ˵ͺãһָⲿأڱʱβЧ϶Ҫࡣ

ӴĹȺУռıȻߣֻȴǲ١
עģǡԽŮӾ硣
ԡԽŮĳɵӾϢ֮Ǿһֱڴš
ڹٷˣʩ˵Ķױ֮ԵĸǱõûġ
ټϹӹƣǵһϵ磬һԽаѹء
еڴֵһ㡣
ڣһڵҪӳʱеļ¶֪
ӹԽŮӾһ£ܣȻҲ֪
˼ʱ䣬ҪʼˣࡢʩҪˡ
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ղݣ¥ϸòŶױգϰ˶ɣҵŮ񰡣

˵ӻĸʱβԽŮ
ϣҪ磬ϻƽ֮󲥣õˡ
ӳٳûԤĿ˵᲻ڵȡԽŮ
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ǰĹ٣Ҳû취顣

ǶԡԽŮӾǳڴҲûڻƽ𵵿ԽŮֻϣҪ粥ǾѾˡ

˶ڶ۷׷׵ʱ128磬ӵһĿԤ棬̼Ȼ󲨡
κһλԣƽʱҲȽϰտӡ
磬κδ򿪵ӣϰԵĻӣȻȥˡ
ڲ뿴ӣֻڼϰ˵ӿŵ
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һֹϹŷ磬Ʈѣȴִһ˿ԹƮûиӵȴֱġ
Ҫǣһκξ͸оһŨŨĽζ¼Ʈ죬ȴ飬˶
һ־κν뵽֮Уֵ
ΪʲôͻȻ˳֣
κΣﻹ˵£ܵӻǰ
ȻͿˣһҲ޷ǵĻ档
ɽˮ֮䣬ɴһθǳӵŮŲأ̤նУͬһλڽٷӡ
ͷŮһŹ޳۴Ƥ𪣬ò㡣
ѾӡκԺ֮еģ࣡



߰ʮ ڵ
࣡ǡԽŮǡԽŮԤ档κ˫ȭ͵սµĵȴڿʼˡ
ң̤նУ⼫ӾĻ棬κγ״סʱһƬ˰Ӱ֮⣬ûĶ

κģҪ˼һ⣬ȴǷûж˼ȥ롣
ܿ죬һתԶһ޳ӣǷ󻡣
˷ۺϣǻۣЦȻһɾ£
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ЦԹˣ˹УЦص
桢֡ںϣ˴뵽ǸĽ硣
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ȻǰӽɱȻٽ档
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һǳŮͨһһشУȥ硣
ǹŴһŮչھŽǡȻĽϲǱ
ҹʷμң¼ҡѡ
һʱС˵һ˹ӹ֮
⡢ԽɳսŮĽ棬ձʩкȥδӣ
ݹӹԭС˵ԽŮıͬӾ硶ԽŮϮ
þҹӾ絼ݣִӹ԰ѹأӱݡ
25գ8ײÿһڴ
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ӻڲݣκȴȻŵӣֻ۾ûн࣬ԺȫǸոտĻ棬־ͷ棬ȻֻǾһƳ֮ӡ֮ȴôҲ֮ȥ
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һִûᵽĸܣĸܡ
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ӵһԤƬȻһ飬ѾȻ󲨡
ֻǲͬˣӦвͬˡ
κһԣǻع֮󣬳˾ϲǾϲ
ԭϵ磬Ȼһִδйģĸо磬Ľ
ͣװΣ򶷵ȵȣһ뵽統С
̶һӵԤƬѾղܡ
ȻһϲǾǲʱΣȻϰ˵Ļƽ𵵲
Ȼǻƽ𵵣һ㶣Ȼһϲƽ𵵰֮ǰҲ룬ȴǲȴ˭֪ǻƽ𵵡
һϲǸǸʣ̫ˡ
̫ˣֱרΪдġǲ֪˭ƷʲôûԴˣ
ЩݳߵƺЩꡣ
ҲĻټ׸˺ôпʦƷ
ҿҲǣ֣ǰ࣬ܰ˴磬ǱȻǳʦ֮֡ȵʽʱЩһעģʱȻס

ξЩԵĹڡ
ȻûϲͼȴҲ۾һĿһ¡
磿ôеоȫһеŮӺǰŮӣţʩ𣿹ȻʷϵһŮ
Ҳиоǽƺ
ӹ͡ԽŮţϡʲôط
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Ȼⲿ翴źЩһҲ簡Ӧòɡ
ӵ˷ѽ⡣
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ʲô˼ϱˡҪʱβֻƳٲ
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Ӹʲôʲôʱôû۹ˣȫǲֻεʴսеˡ
š
ҲһЩˣѵ绰ȥʣΪʲôԽŮϱˡ
ȻֻһЩͨĹڣӹȻòĽԭ򣬵ȴı䡣
û취Ǿֻܼ䣬ӵʵˡ



߰ʮһ ͷŭ
ħӣ̨칫ҡ
Ž˵̨ӵԤƬˡ
̨κšһȻ˵˾ͺã³ƽСӸʲô۶ӡǡϱˡɣ
ֳǣǡԽŮ
ԽŮκһϣɻСӸʲôаԤƬȡ𣿡
ֵУ͸㿴
֮
κüͷ΢壬ʸ̨ܵô
ܳȻһӵԤƬóⲿȷʵƽѡáԽŮһΪⲿȷʵкܶͿ㣬ҹ׼УҪΨһһʤҲΪԤɹԽŮپʣҲֻܻһЩڱ϶ࡣ
κͷ˵ƽӦ÷ĴѵΪⲿܶȥûогĶƾʲôô϶
ܵΪŹӹԵʣֻڽһκģ飬ƽɵó
κ֮ǰΪҪʲô۶ӣû뵽ڵȡԽŮˣƽ޹ȥǿĶ֣һεʴսʮþˡ
ܵͷͬ

ͬʱӡϷӵȸӣҲͬӵ¡
ھһ۷֮󣬸Ҳó˸ħƵĽۡ
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ȻعҪСıһӣôĦȭơ

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ذģѾ˺ö顣
ϿƽȴһҲƽ
ϵ磬硣Ǯĵ߶š
ΪĵݣܵĶҪЩͨԸࡣ
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ԽŮԤƬҶ˰ɣǱһǹӹֻǻдС˵Ļ㰡
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׼ҪԷһӵʱȴͻȻ֣˼ҵȷǸʸ˵
ģϣԵ۾ȴѩġ
Ƕ֪˼ȷʵʸ˵ˣģʲô壿
ԣǵֻпɬ
ڣڿɬ֮ǻѧϰоԽŮַ
֮ĵ磬Ҳˡ

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ȻûŪԽŮڻƽ𵵲̨ƽԶµġ
ݵļͥеӾ磬Ȼûоһ磬оԼɨأоͬǶĳЦ
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αظһȥͲֵá⡶ԽŮԤƬҲˣɡҪ֮ǰЩãôأôҶȥ磿쿪

ͷߵȵԽŮʵ׵ʱҵҪЩˣɫ



߰ʮ ڴܼ
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ڴһȦοԱ֮ǰ˲٣£һӣѣеģŮģϵģٵģﲻ
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ڴתһȦ֮ڴĴƵ꣬Ե¥
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ϸһӴԭҸТ50꣬ӡϱ򹤣Լϰڼӡ
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ͬѧǻ½ϵãλͬѧҲˣֱƷɺ
ɨһ䣬Ѿ20ңȻΧȻΧһȺͬѧʣµɢڰ
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һЦΪ˷ܵ˵ͬѧǣǺãǳлܹμһεͬѧᣬǱҵ֮״μ棬ϣҳԣཻ4㣬ӦҲĲˣ5ʱǴҾһȥԷ극֮ǻнĿҪôÿġ
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ֶ֮ԳάȻ˵١١٣λŮҲ롣
ͷ೤Ǹոո˵飬ǵðɣ
Ŀһۣôͨһͬѧô͵⼸٣
һԥǵ˵ͷ˵֪ǮȷǸôͨͬѧ̯ôߵķá
ȻǲΪѵġ˵ǵǮ˵Ͳֵһᡣңͬѧ˵ҲǺ²ǡ
̾һ˵ðɣ֪ˡ


߰ʮ Է
ͷ衢άȻ˶һۣȫɫЦһ
֮˾ߵ棬Ѿ·һӡ費ɫϸһӣȷû֮󣬲
һΣ赹û˾ԼĴϣһӹ˾Աߡ
֮ϸ˶Ƭ̣ȷȷʵûʲôӡҲͳ׵ķ
֮ǺЦͬѧã
ںͺƷ塢Ʒɡ죬Ļ󣬿һۣͬЦͬѧҲã
ֵ˵ͬѧһŮѣ÷ǳƯ֪ҵС˭Ư
˵꣬˾ſϣ˾һ˫۾ЦЦĿ
һЦ˵ôͬѧΪλСŹȱȣ˭Ư
֮䡣
ͷͬͬѧ˵ôոʵ⣬ӦѾ֪ˣֺʣ
Цһֵܺãǲ֪ͬѧаŮѴ׼ܸʶһ£
ڼңûй
Ŷ𣿡ֵҲϼǱߵũˣ
ʱ֮ĶԻѾ˰ͬѧע⡣
ȫֹͣ˸ԵĽ̸ŶϸȻΧ˶ˡ
ɫɨһܣһЦ˵ʡˣԺȥũ
ͣ⻰һֳŮ̲סЦȡ̵á˾Ů֮⣬Ůûʲô⣬ûסЦ
Ϊţʵ̫ûˮƽˡ˼һŮʡˣԸصũȥӣôǵӰŶΡ
סҡͷ֪ΪʲôͻȻе㲻ϲţȥСˡ
ҶͨˣûǮûǮûŮѾûŮ󵨵ĳҶһû˻Ц㣬бҪͬѧǰţ
ʱ䣬ôǿˣ
衢άȻȡ̵ˣȴԽԽ˷ܣСӻϵ
㲻
ʡǣ
÷ĵͷ
費ɫĸάȻʹһɫ˵ô˵Сһشɡ
άȻĴָ
軪ⲻõͬѧɾĲ˰ŮôƯôͬѧʶʶ
ûҪɡ
軪ֵôûбҪͬѧ꣬໥֮䶼ǷǳĵġûŮҲͰˡŮѣȻҪܸʶġ
㿴ҺͳάȻŮԶûŮƯǻǴ󷽵ĴˣǶͬѧءֻǣŮѣȻŮѣȡ̵ŮѣҲҪҲⲻǣ
ЦȴǹüһǾò̫ãǴɣһˡ
̾ͬѧǲԸ⣬ŮŮѴʶˣֻǸʹȻⲻҪȻͬѧԸ⣬Ҳǿǡ
˵ͬѧÿµǲ٣ȻͬѧԸŮѴǴǴҳôôߣֲϰŮѴǻСǮͬѧǳԶٷͬѧӦûͬɣ
Է˶һ㶣ǵû뵽˵
һʱ䣬ȫҪλش
ֻδ˵ԱߵĺƷȴ˵ôԣ֮ǰѾ˵𣿷ôƽ̯ôһ˳
ͬѧҲ˵ͷȻЩϲˣҲһ˳ǮЩס
軪ȴǲһٷܳԶǮͬѧǮ˵ҳԷһǳӵ飬ǮҪͬѧ룬ô룬ǧҪ˵С˼
Щ˵ˣЦЦĿһۣһģδ𻰡
ЦԤ֮С
а취Ӧ
һ˵೤ԭļƻöǮԷ
һۣ̾һ˵ԭļƻԷķ̯ÿ50Ǯ
ÿ50ǮͬѧǰͷȫԽܡһ20ˣҲ1000ˣڳԷ˵Ѿˡ
Ʒͬ㣬һ50Ҳ˵ٷ1000Ǯһ㡣һ˳ĻȻ٣ǿԽܡ
Ϊνӣ1000Ǯֵ
Ʒ˵СҪӵĻʹӦɡʱ㸶һ롣
źƷ壬ļϵĵлȻ˵С壬ǮͲóˣǮס
ڴʲô⣬ǳ
ͬѧǳһ٣⣬ǹһҲûйϵ
ֻΪ˸ոպƷһ仰ֵá
ЩͬѧվҲԵһ
ǵͷǳɣҳԷɡ
ãϽͬѧȻǣǮˣǾ˵ˡ
˵꣬ȴЦֹ֪һֻ1000ǮһԥĴӦġ
άȻȡ̵ˣͬЦֹ
ǿŴʱƺЩ˷ܵҲͬԵú˷ܡ
ЩͬѧĴӦҪǳԷȴûԵøˣסҡͷ
Ϊνӣͻ1000Ǯֵ
1000ǮȻ࣬Ҳˡ
ˣũǮ϶ףƽ̯ɡͬѧš



߰ʮ Ǯ
5㣬ͬѧһڰ೤Ĵ£ƣ˵ЦǰԷĵط
ӱϿջǷǳǢ
ʱֶ˼ˣֻǴҵͬѧȻ˵ŮѣԼȡ̵Ůѡ
һһ໥ţʱڶ棬ǰһͬѧĲмԽУûΡ
ǿ񣬸ǳϷʡ
Ʒ塢ƷɡȺУ˵Цƺûв˵ı
ʮ߽֮һң濴ƺݻľƵꡣ
Ȼһ뵽Ƶ굱УЩͬѧоЩԾˡ
ƵڲЩ˳һٷֻҪ1000Ǯ
ƷͬСӣǲֻ1000డ
ЦЦ˵޷һ㣬Ҳ˶١
ƺ˴ҵɻ󣬴ͬѧǣȻȥʵߡͬѧ˵С˼˵أͬѧ
һЦ˵ȻˣǾɣͬѧǲؿ
赱ãͬѧͬѧǣȥɡ
ͬѧҲ˵ʲôһ˽һ߸赽˰֮С
һΪİ䣬30ˣΪ棬ҲԵӵ
˷ֱ֮зԱ˲˵ˡ
Ʒ忴Ų˵üԱ˵Ϊֻвȴûм۸񣿡
ԱΪ𻰣˵Ҳ֣ҵӵġЩ˶󣬴㡣ͬѧѾ˵ˣǲҪҪ̫ˣǿɾǲͬѧŶ
Ҳͬѧʲô͡͵ɣÿ
衢άȻ˶һۣĬЦֹ
ȵʱС˵ôôɵƵͬѧʱˣҪӵǿš
ȲмЦЦ˵˲ӿúҪ˿
Աߵĳ̵ҲΪȻĵͷ
ͬѧȴȫ¶ɵɫûˡ
״ЦͬѧǶܿҪͳһ˰ɡͬѧΣ
÷񣬵ԡ
ͷ˵Ҿһˡ
漴迪ʼˡ
ƷЩǵ˵С⡭
ڰ֣Ц޷ҳԸ˾С

ϵúܿ죬ģѾ
ͬѧԶԶֹ1000ǮƣҲˡ
ʱ˵ͬѧǣѾ룬Ҿ;ĳ԰ɡҽ飬һͬѧһƣлͬѧǳԴ͡
ˣˡҲѾͬѧҲֻýԼľƱƣһһ
Ƹ֮˵˶ѾˣҾ;԰ɡȻ˷ˡ
⻰Ǿͳ԰ɡ
һʱ䣬ͬѧǷ׷׶ꡣ
ܿ죬֮ͣĴͬѧǿ˵
Щʵ̫óˡ
衢ȻάȻˣ۾һ˵ζȷ
ƷʱҲЩ˷ܣ˵СЩ̫óˣһͷһγԵôõĲˡ
ͷЦаɣϲԾͶԵ㡣
ڳԣҲںȣｻԽԽҡǺ˾ƵԵʣͬѧҲԽԽ
㾴ңҾ㣬Ƕһ㡣
һνеľѾˣ費ɫֽһξơ
ͬѧ۾һȡŮǶһЩƣһûϵ
衢άȻҲ˲ٵľƣֻ˻ǳѡ
ı˸ƣ˵Ѿˣˡ̯һҲˡٶĻҶЩ᲻ˡ
άȻͷһҲ˱Ǯˡ
뵽ΪòǮǽǮӣµ㱾ǮҲûʲô
ȻΪʱȴԱ˼ƿƽ
æûо˰
Աȴָ˵λеġ
һ̲סղݡһСӾȻоƣΪƼʮǮһƿɣ
άȻҲЩü˵ǺȶˣѾȫԼĽɫҶЩˡ
ǣ۸еˡ
άȻûϵ߾͸ߵ㣬ҪСдԺĹʵȫǻˡֻǣװױЩ˿
Сʱȥһٷڽӽβ
ʱͬѧЩ΢
ȻǷǳѣôҲ
ʱͬѧǶԺáȺˡͬѧԽˡ
ͷŰ⺰Աˣ
衢άȻ˾һһˡ
һҪܾΣҪСھпధǿӦдá˾뵽



߰ʮ ٵǮ
ˣЩ΢ͬѧ۾һһλͬѧ˵ʲôлҳԷˡǮǴƽ̯ɣһ˳Ǯǡ
λͬѧ֮мλͬѧͣʾҪƽ̯ǰ
ЩûгͬѧԴҲʾͬͬѧۻñӦôƽ̯
ټڲ˳ԺˣҲȸˣƽ̯ԭƻһ㣬ҲԸ⡣
ЦЦû˵
衢άȻЦֹûֹͬѧƽ̯˵
ƽ̯˵ĺãȿ˵֮󣬿ֻô˵
ʱһԱ嵥˽
ãλˣʵ
ָ˵λˣǿǮˡ
ӵͷߵǰ΢һϹ˵ãǵ嵥һ28.8ԪĿ
ûʲôӦֻǵͷӹ嵥ԱߵĺƷ塢Ʒɡȴ͵һ
࡭࡭٣
ѵƺȶˣû
Ʒ忴ŷԱӣʵո˵˶࡭٣
һ28.8򡣡Աٴε
ӵɺϵЦҲͬɣֻЩֹЩ˿ȥͨǸʰɣ
28.8򣬶ǾƵ˵ҲǸˡ
ôˣƽ̯һ˻һ죬Ӧòڸɡ뵽
࡭٣28.828.8
ӵһظһЩͬѧȫˡ
һ£˵ľƶʱȫˡ
Ҳ⡭ʵ̫˰ɡƽ̯һҲӽһˡ
⡭൱µĹˡ
ûܹܣҲ̫˰ɣ˵ô߰Ļ⣬ҲԲԵġ
ȻѾصˡصڸô죿ͬѧˣҲƽ̯ˣǲԸ⣬ѾԶԶܹܵķΧ
Ʒ塢ƷɡǽƷ弱С⡭⡭⡭
ͷ˵˾䣬û¡
û£28.8򰡣⡭
Ʒ塢Ʒ塢˶켱ˡ
ʱ򣬰೤վ˵ͬѧǣطʵʱĵطҲΪôܹԵúһ㡣ǮҲصġȻԶԶͬѧĳܷΧôͬѧ
ͷ˵ͬѧǷģ28.8ͬѧ˵С˼ͬѧڵģƺǮûдûйϵǼȻûͬѧǮҲһСǮ˴һգӦþ͹ˡǿ԰ǮȽͬѧͬѧԺһԻԣÿ·ڻǮҲУֻҪڽϱעͿˡôͬѧǹ˼ɡ
ͬѧ΢һĥܿ׹
ԭ˵ļˡң೤ǰף˵ԭƻÿֻҪ50ǮǾԲӦͬѧǳԷġ
ô죿˽ǮԺ׬Ǯƶˡ
ƽ̯ʵ޷ܡ
һʱ䣬ͬѧǿ೤Щûˡ
ܵ˴ҵɣæվ˵ͬѧǵʱֻ˵Ǯǻû˵ҪǽǮǮڻ⡭⵽ʲô˼
ЦǮڵȷǳģû⡣ң28.8Ը𣿡
ҵȻԸˣȥôǮУҲ᲻á⡭⡭⡱˰죬һʱ֮䣬֪˵ʲôźá
ڰ֣ЦЦ˼ͬѧû˵ʲôһͬѧϵǮأ˵ͬѧ㵹˵˼Сûء
˵˵ʲôǽǮôӵˣô˵ĳڣ
ǲڣô죿ѵҪƽ̯ʵ޷ܰ
ͬѧǿˣ೤ֿǳĸӣȹֹ̫֣̫ӣŻξ档

Ȼȴһп˵ոллҵĺˣȻ˵ҳԷȻҪҳԷСöˢɡ
һ仰ǶԷԱ˵ġ
Աӽӹݹпǻ⿨浽ûôǮ˵õģԵȡ
ԱֻЩɣֳͬѧǣͻȻȫɴ۾ȫ𾪵Ŀϵıд˲š
ֱˢˣʲô˼ôǮôܣ
衢άȻȻȡ̵ˣ𾪣СôǮһôãüͷһ£ˢˣ
Ҫ֪ôǮȻҲõóȴ㹻ۡ
費ŵؽеǲǺˣ֪֪ǶǮˣǧˣǶʮˣôܻôǮ
ȴǵһЦ˵Ҷ˵һٵǮֻǲŰˡ



߰ʮ ϲĸ
һܶǮ
һ˵ȴȻأԲţҲԸţ޷һǳͨͬѧͻȻúǮʵ
衢άȻȡ̵ˣֻһ˿Ҳֻһ˿ôǸǮˣ
Ƿô˼ۿžҪƵ·ˣȴͻȻ䣬·СװƵ·
ѵпûǮȵǸԱп˵ǮʱҸɣ˵ǮոҪתˣȻٿǽǮ
һͲΣҲûˡ
ţһӵģǸǳСӡ
衢άȻͬʱ뵽һ㣬۾ֶһ룬һҪСӵⷬ˼ҿһЩͬѧ汻ƭˡ
ȡ̵Ů˼ǸӣǾԲһֱܡ䵭СӣһǮˡ
һأԣûһСӵпһûôǮ
ʵ࣬ȴעҪʧˡ
ܿ죬ոճȥǸԱַذ䣬Ѿһˢ
ٴߵǰˢϰ˼֣Ȼ롣
еͬѧʱ֣ûôǮϾҪˡ
衢άȻȡ̵ˣһЦĿݣŷԱ˵ԲĿ㡣
Ȼȴǣõллѡ
ʲôôܣ衢άȻ˾ôģ޷š
ȡ̵ŮһСų˴ġOͣþöûкϡ
ȻģȻĺǮ
Ȼʮˣ˵ǮˣôǮȴüͷһ£ʲٵǧϰɡɾǮˡ
ǻ20Ⲣ˵ǮҲеļҵˣϵ裬ȢŵǮбҪô𣿡ȵʱ˵
ֿԵȻҲУֻǿ̫Сˣû˻ġȻü
˿ѾʵҼ𾪣ٲܽܣҲýܡ
ȻⲢ˵ǾҲͬңԶࡣ
ֻҪٶԸû֮ǰôˡ
ȵЦһ˵ҿпܣСӾһɵƣɵƸɳ飬Ǻ𣿡
£Ϊȵԭǿˬȿ񣬱úǸ֮
衢άȻ˵ȻҲϣĻ
¿˶˵һֵǲˣٲһ±֪ǰ೤˵нĿ𣿾ڴĽĿ취
ͷ˵ĲǻлԸСӣǮôˣɣ
άȻȻ̵ͷ
¼ҵͷҲĵͷЦֹ

ͬѧʱҲǳĸӣҲܸӡ
ǳһ˴ͣǺܸмǣֲԸǮʵ
ΨкƷ塢ƷɡˣԵ÷ǳ˷ܡ
ССڷ˰ͬʱ˵
ǺЦȷ׬һЩǮ
˵Ц䣬೤˹ɫĸǸ˵ͷû˵ʲô
̾Ϣһ˹ת뿪

һСʱ֮˳ڸһҺKTVĺ
һСʱĻ壬ѾЩȱȱͬѧǣ𽥻ָ£ҲԾ
೤ųһ֮ǰ飬뷨Σǽҹȥˡ
ͺƷһûȥ質ֻżĲͬѧĹƣɻͨͨһˡ
ֻǣеͬѧЩŮĿ⣬ڵķ򿴡
һЩŮҪȥ裬ȴʼ˵ڣּ
衢¡άȻˣͬûȥ裬ǶKTVȤȻڳȴûʲôȤKTVܹ飬ֲֻг費ǡ
Ҳͬʱʱķ򣬰ֹʲô
ȡ̵ŮԾԾԣͬѧǰչʾһǵɤ
¼ģֿкȻһ˵ȣҼǵϲһ׸׷ˡǰɣ
ȵͷɫһϲ˵ھȥ׸衣
ɻĿһۣ֪һʲôĿġҲȷ볪׸裬˵ͷĻǰһס׷ˡ
೤ȵ裬۾һæȸոյĸ裬˵һλá



߰ʮ ڼϿ
ͬѧǼȵ裬ҲȫһŮ裬ܳúòãǶһͲǡ
ңƺ˵ȳ質ĺǲҲ͸ڴˡ
ܿ죬׷ˡǰ
ȴ󷽵רڳС̨
ǡ׷ˡԵø˷ܡ
Ϊ׸ǳΪ׸ݳӨǾŮеŮվûУӨƯŮˡ
žŮMVŮĸ裬һܡ
µĿС̨ϵһۣ¶һ˿Ȥɫ
ഺĳǣΡ
һɣһĸʣһ
ȴǰ˵ͷΪһרҵĸ֣ȳĵȷѾǲˣɫҲ
Ϊͬѧ۷ԹȻȳ軹Ǻ
ʱڰ
¼龰ҲǷǳĵ⡣
ֻǣ衢άȻˣȴǲ̫ȳ׸⡣
Ҳֻͣ˵Ǿ֪ˡ
С̨ϣǹ㡣
ͬѧǵĻ¶һ˿֮ɫЩͨČ˿ͬѧǣӦΪ
ڵķ򿴹ȥҪһûΪ
ȻΪƣܲͬѧ˷ܣȷڹơ
жʱһϲϲ֮ȴأһԼΪʲôôľٶԼǷǳġ
ֿʵĵƹ֮£΢΢˵ͷƺǶĳϿɺĵͷ
͵ס׷ˡĴߣ
ѵλΪԼĸ裬ʾĳ̶ֳϵϿɣ
⡭
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ⲻģͬѧͬѧôܻǸ
ҡҡͷǿнԼеĻ뷨ȥ
ܿ죬һס׷ˡݳϣͬѧǱҵ
׼뿪С̨ȴ첽С̨һԼһµơ
ɻ䣬ѾߵߣסȲܣҲò˼ֻǹʹĿһۡ
С̨ϵ¡ȶˣ۾΢΢һУͬѧоЩˬԾ¶ʵ
¸ֳܵ˵ļе⣬ЦЦĿһˬ
ȻȴЦǺǵʵͬѧΪǼȳô
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һЦ˵ңҲѾ𣿡
УͬʱСһһȴ뵽ѾǮˣ̾ϢһЩˣѾûʸ˼ˡ
۾֪˵ȵľһ仰˵ԭǾߣʧʧֲ۾գһ£ͻ20ҳԷءͬѧǣǼ裬
˵꣬ȵ뿪С̨
ˣͬѧ໥俴ЩĪȫ㲻СǸʲô˼
衢άȻͬˡ
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һЦ˵Ǿ֪ˣСӲ˵ǸҾͳһˡ
衢άȻ󣬾˼ܿ죬۾һ޵£ҪڼϿϲ
˵꣬ͬʱЦ
ЩüҲµ⣬ԭӦú˷ܵȴЩ˷ܲڵķһۡ
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ﶼһҲİɣ

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һʱ˿
ҲҪˣֱKTV顣
һ֮һθȵӰһ⳵
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֪˵ʵЩ˵Ĳʵ̫



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µǲ֪˵ԼüٱĴӵܣչ˷׷ȴһҲûϡ˵Ѿ̸ˣ֮ǰ룬˭ıߵŮģԭȴǵͬѧǡǡ
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һ߳KTVסʡǵͬѧ򳵻ؼңЩظͬѧ೤ѾǰùݣڸԶ
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ڣͬѧ໥ӻ֣˵ټԵӰнԶ
عͷֻԷ뿪ıӰ
Ҳһ⳵ȥʡǵĿվ



߰ʮ Ҫ
5㣬˻صɽ缯УѧУԻʥ塣
ϣһң֣ࡢϼˣԼ峤Ҹ峤ܺԷȻӦ
һٷԵ֣峤ܺԵǸˣ˲ٵľƣѾ΢΢Щ̬
ڶ磬ȥҸתһȦϹ̽еɣ˸ɵȻ죬ȱ֮ǰʥʱֹ
ٶȣвһڵʱ䣬ҸĿͿʽͶʹˡ
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ũׯϰ࣬ɱǿֹ
죬峤ܺļһֱ˽ӦƸũׯʽԱġ
ܺȻǴ⣬ʮĴ峤Ҳ⼸쵱⡣
ǵ쾭ҸܵģˮĴ峤Ľʲѡ
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ڣԵ¥ҵǵǵѡȻԵ¥ˡ
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ƷУ졷һݡ֡С
⼸ʱ䣬ĲƷʣĸȫɣȻʲôҲܵ׼ꡣ
ӻ൱ġ

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Ϊڽϵߵ뵽˵ʱڣ׼ȴϷҪˡ
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ߵʮ֣Ĵ֮һĽӵģ40д硶ɫᡷȿ
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ħӵġ˭㡷ӵġٰһΡӵġ졷ԼӵġԽŮ
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ԣڸۣЩ翪ʼ֮ǰѾеݱˡ
ǶԴִ˲ˣ͵Ϊһε۴սǰԤˡ
˽죬ҵۺ飬Ҳ˵һС߳
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Уʷ绹ĻϹϵˡҾͲ֪ʷʲôͷǿؼҡɣ־ҸҴģؼҡһڽӱΪΪϲĵӾ硣ԣһǿؼҡɣҵģ׼û
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ԽŮԤƪҿˣо񻹲ӣ֮󣬿ܻῴһ۰ɡ

֣⣬Ҳ̳ϣ˹ΪڴĵӾͶƱڶࡣ
Уħӵġ˭㡷΢һ
ɫᡷؼҡȾ󣬴ҵĵƱ
ֻӵġԽŮȽźڱܹעļס
ҲڴҵԤϵУȻ⼸ӣڡԽŮԤ棬ȡ˺ܲЧò˶˳ȫʶ
ҲвٵķǱʾԽŮʱǻȥһ
ǣҲ˶ѣֻһЩȤûдﵽڴĳ̶ȡ
˵ҲѾ㹻ˡ
Ȥͺãٻȥһòٵˡ



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Ȼϻˣ϶һЩˣһ߿һ߻ѾΪǵϰߡ
Թ֮󣬻صԼסС¥ҲĵӴ򿪣ƺûء
ѡӣȻɫᡷȿǾȿɫᡷɡ
ߵʮ֣ɫᡷ׼ʱһεʴսĻ
һоУŮǾѳȻżԱҲֻǣݼǲġ
šɫᡷĿϹڡɫᡷۣҲѸٻ
ڻ϶֮տʼЩҪڴ˾ģƻûҵ㡣
ʮ֮󣬡ؼҡˡҲ׼ʱ
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ֿһɫᡷ֮Ҳлһףһֱַ֮лϷӺͱӡ
໥лУѽĲӾ綼¿һ¡
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Щ粥ŵͬʱҲһֱǳ֣ϾŵңĴ̽Ҳø֡
˷ܵķԼ飬ԼھĳЩطĹ۵Ϳܹõ˵ͬɻ˷ܡ
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ϿһĲ𲻴󡣵ȻҲڽײԭ򣬵ȵ棬ӦûγһЩࡣ
ЩͨĹڣ̨ڽĵӾ翪һ£ҲͬǳעֻǱ̨ŵĵӾ磬ǵĵӾ磬̨Ҳͬע
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ҵϻƽ𵵵ӾѡݹȻѾ£ĴӾһĿȻ
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Ҳ˵ĴӾ綼пܱΪΪĵӾ֮С֮ǰǴûй顣
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ٽźͲʱҲһһĹȥϵߵʮ֡
ʮʱ䣬ԽŮͽʽ



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˶ԡԽŮڲڴһǷǳڴȻһˡ
ڵԲֻ̳ڣеǹڡԽŮӾģڴĲǵӾ籾
ԤƬô䣬Ѿһϲ׸裬ǳŨŨĽζ档
ĸѾڴüˡ
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ȻҲеԶô˷ܣ̳ҲһЩģ䳰ȷֻûȤҲǰˡ
ڴ뿴ǡԽŮÿһԶܹԽŮ
Ϊ˵롶ԽŮһͬģħӵġ˭㡷ӵġٰһΡԼӵġ졷
ټ쿪ĲӾ磬ЩмҵԣҪԽŮһ׵¡
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ξ֮һҪԽŮҪ˭㡷ƫƫͬʱ
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ϰ˵㣬ӵġԽŮ׼ʱ
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ǰɴѾϤˣӵһŨŨĽζѾ
ЦԹˣ˹УЦص
쳾ЦЦȣ̫ߣˡ
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Ųˣĺá
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ǶҪɱȴƫƫ˿˿У˵
⡶ԽŮȥƺ˵
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̽˵Ҫǰһ֮꣬ٿ˭㡷ԽŮÿһ
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ٻԿ뼯ЩԽֻǿһƬͷͱһԵлƵȥˡ
ȻԽŮƬͷҲǰһҲֻһ뿴ģЩӾ硣
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Ըɣֻƽ̨һ㶼ȥ磬ϣԽŮܹǡ
ЦȻʦƷݳġҾ֪˾иȾƷһǳʦ֮֡
QDƽ̨ѾСЦԴˣʦרҸոѾˣ׸̫ˡ


ǣҲһЩǣ˿ҲտԽŮֻ١
ǶǱ֮ǰԤƬڿˣʹ㿴ۡ
ǵļƻУǿһԽŮ֮󣬾ͻƵȥĵӾġ
Ȼ˶ûΪһʼǾѾˡ
ȻⲢ˵ǱˣǵıԽŮˡ

ܿ죬ԽŮһѾಥŵһˡ
͵͵ĿԱߵһۣһ۾ģԸˣŹƲỻ̨ˡ
ȴ˭֪ͻȻ˵Ѿһ˰ɣһħˡ
ֻεðɣ㻻ɡ
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˭㡷ڲ
ζپЩȻζɳϣ뵽Բ̳²۴֮С
ŵӿԡ˭㡷Ƿǳڴġ
ֻǣ֪ΪûпͷΪʲôԭһ˭㡷֮󣬷ָûôȥ
ʱʱḡֳոտġԽŮĻ档
ôЩ֣Ƿǳڴ˭㡷ģôῴȥأ
ˣȻȥҪ롶ԽŮĻ棬ԥһ󣬸ɴѵлصӡ



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ģźϲϿԽŮˣովȻѵӻ˻
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Ӧÿԣ취һ룬
⣬취
ⲿÿϧÿֻһȫ
û취ԽŮԭǶƪӾ15ѾǴˡ
¥˵ǣͨԽŮĳɹǻڴġǾԼڵġСĳɵӾ磬Ҳһǳľʡ
ĪҪʹڴͼ


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ǺЦϰ֣ô
ϰֿ˵Уͦÿġ
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֮ǰ˵һһʲô磿
ȻֻǺǺһЦûҲȥ룬˵Ļġ
ȻڣһԽŮ˵Ϊʵ
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ԲԵϰ֣ЦЦҲƣϰֿһ֮󣬳֣ԵӶȥ
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ԽŮӦΪ˷ܣҲΪˡ
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ͷ»Ҫһ̣ҪӰ󡣾Ŀǰ٣ݣƲ̫͹ۡ
ȻֻҪǰٷ֮ٿԤʵѾ㹻ˡ
֣ʱ˵ߣߣȥ߱˵
ȻȻͬ⡣

ħӰѧԺĳŮᡣ
ŮΧһŮ˷ܵ˵ʲôǸո꡶ԽŮĵһ
ΧŵŮǰİߣӱ
ݣӱȻѾȻոڵϿʱָһȫһĸܣԼΪаĵԣ˵ˡ
ԼǰӰ֮󣬼ÿ춼ڸж
죬ΧŮĽʵЩ֪мĹά֮ĸж˶㡣
֪šԽŮȲһܹѸߺ죬Ժдĳݻᣬʵ֡
һжǹӹ˵ģ˷ܡм

⻹һˣӱһ˸мʩİߣǡ
Ӿԭȣ˲ʩϷݣڵһѾ
ʩĳҲÿһӻǰĹڣʵ̫ˣÿһ޲ΪʷһʵʩԽʱն
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ӵĵӾ綼ȴΨԽŮÿֻһ
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ֻǣڽȴһ̨֪ȴЩȤ顣
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Ⲣ˵ЩӾĵĲãЩ翴öˣѾһЩƣ͡
֮ǰûжԱȣһûз֡ڡԽŮһ˲һָо
ȻָоܵϲϡԽŮ
ָоȴһֱϵĳǿֱǳ׵ϲϡԽŮ



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ڶ죬66磬Ӻ͹Ĺǣǳĵʳ¯
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1.45ʣһЩСӣŵĵӾʻͣѾǵ׵Ĵˡ
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ԽŮǱȿģ֮ȥ뿴ġ˭㡷ʱȴǷЩȥˡ
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ǴΪ˷ܣΪԿ뼯ġԽŮΪһЩԵľ飬ǵڿ˰뼯ԽŮ֮󣬺пܻʹ˰ϡԽŮ

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һԵϹѼˣЩԻʵ㲻Ҫ˵һҰ㡷ôˣ
С÷ͼĵӾʱ򣬴Ҷ˵˵һҰ㡷ÿǺÿǸоЩʶĸоʱһ۾ͽ˵ԿһӵġԽŮȻһ磬ŻҾʹȿһ
ѵͷԭˡ
֮û˵ʲôƽʱϲӾ磬Ҳ
ԣſʲô⡣֮ڵӻǰֻΪһŰˡ
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ܿ죬˵ԽŮ׼ʱʼ
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ſţסóֻԼĹǷʱ飬ůůƼġԽŮ治ڿԽԽϲ
Ҿ˵ɣǿʼţҪôлң
ĲҲȥڡ˵һҰ㡷һιɿ飬оЩˡ
ҲһЩҲԽŮȥ

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⣬һҲ⣬ǶڡԽŮۡ
ǿԽŮӰһʱԵúЩ˷ܡ
ǵѡȻûдģڵڶ졶ԽŮҲڴ

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֣ࡢСԺֱү
֮˸ڴϹתһ֮󣬻ص

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״ֵʵ㿳ôʲô
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֪Ҫʲô˰ɣʵ
ͷţ֪ˣԭɨ㻹
Ц֮ǰûмɣǴһֱʹõķ



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ʱɨѾãϰһһѣʼɨǽϵĳ
Ϊ·ӣǽϻͦɾģɨ
ɨǽ֮󣬱ͥԺ̨ĴɨԼ촰ϴȣæһ硣
ڶ죬¶ʮ塣
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۾һֱֱʵ˫壬ٺٵ˹ɣͬЩٺ١
˴һ󣬳Թ緹ڴתơ
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˼ĵͷȷЩͳϰףͲʲôı֣һĻĴС
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ŴҾΪҪؼҹˣ·
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΢΢һЦոյ飬ʹ²µ룬ҲͬЩпס֡
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ڸĽĿʵǺ޵ģһùϲһ䣬С
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ǵԺֳĻ档ǺůĻ棬ȴִŵˡ

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߰ʮ 
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˷ܵıţԼʱ˿̵飬ʱҲѾϵ1155֣5ӣͽ졣
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̸Ц֮䣬ӵĿ֮ڶǿǴȫ֪ж˶ͬʱأÿ˶Ϊ˸еͽȻƷҲʥƷǡ
׼òʱ򣬵ôʱ
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ֳйڣڸһ𺰵ʱ
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ߣһȺܺҲ˷ܵĸŴ󺰡
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ʱԽԽȻûиźʱҲͬܲƽҲ˷ܣҲ
ֻһʱȫ÷츲صı仯ݡ
ӳΪȫ֪ξ㣬ÿ춼кܶοĽԵũׯ֮͡
ңӰڲϵѸ
Ϊˣÿ쿴ɫɫοȥȥ˼ľǵһ֣ǰδеˬкС
ҪǣǵҲȱú̫̫࣬ÿɹۣͶҲũׯϰ࣬ÿµĹʡɹۡ
⣬ǵһЩɽԼһЩСȣҲԺοǽףͬ
һеһУһһ㣬ǳ㣬мǳĸм
֪еһУǵġܹģǾŬǸ飬á
һ꣬˵ͬѰһ꣬˷ܡ
Ƕ꣬ǳڴ
ߵߣס֣оĴ¶ȣַ֣յø
ϾҪ죬һ˵ͬǲͬѰһ̫̫꣬û䡣
һżһεһȥ¥£ˮһһ죬һ˼һǣ֣һӵһνǡ
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ߣоǳ㣬ǳҸ
321~
죬еһУڷµƪ£
~~һȺܺǣ˷ܵĽţţţ
죬ȼĵһڡ
žıʱûܺǵĽкڱըȼĻ⣬ڴǵϣӳÿһλӡЦݡ
ҸϲãΧÿһ䡣
һ꣬һڽ˼֮Ѥ̻ҹţӳһƬҹա



߰ʮ ѹǮ롰ѹǮ
ҹ֮ϣ̻貣Ƭյĺ
ܣд߶
ÿ𣿡ʵ
ţܺÿ
ǺһЦֵкܶء
顰šһ̧ͷҹգǹЦ⣬ÿһǳ֡
ôĴˡСۼС֣˵żҳ̣ò֣ǹա
֮ǰȹЩڣգ
һ̻ʢ磬ȼһСʱֱ賿һʱŽ
ʱҹѾˣմͳϰףҪġ
ԣǲɢȥǼţԶҲڲ
ȻڴҲͨˣص賿˯Ǻġ

ҡҡͷأ˵첻Ҫص㣿
ЦЦ˵ص˯ʱ򡣡
ʵڴͳϰϣҪһҹģұҪȫСһһꡣ
СסҪ˯Ҳȥ˯ֻô˱ڻ˯
ϰںʱ򣬾Ѿ˼أֻǹγɵж˵صĴ˵Ҳкü
ص˵У곤꣬ΪǾꡱ䰮˼꣬Ϊӳĸ
ҲУˮȥµϧ֮飬ԼԸ֮⡣
ԣһֱǶ궼Ƿǳصġ
ֻڣͨߣûˣҲ˯ˡ
賿㣬ɢȥ
Ҳ˷䡣
ֻǣƺȻûʲô˯⣬Ц
ͷ˵Ļء
ҲҪ˯ˣ˯˶岻á
Ǻðɡ

Сʱ֮ɫ𴲡
³һϰף첻ܶɨ㣬ɨءҲܴĶСĴˣǱ˵һ䣬꣨飩ƽ
δ緹СѾͷı˹硱㡱ĽеҲеûһʮֹɵģ
֪ѾͷѹǮˣȻŲһԱģء
ȻѹǮ׼ˡ
СѹǮϰѾãаƽ֮⡣
ΪΪСӵ־ֿֺܵ
롰ꡱгѹǮѹаСƽ꣬ףԸСµһ꽡ƽƽ
ԣСѹǮʵǡѹǮ
ġѹǮʵ˵ġ
Ϊѹס˵ġꡱ䲻˱ܽ١ϣܹ֮⡣
ӣǵĺСѾͷһСŮǡЦͣȥǳۡ
ֹƬ̣СѾͷѹǮϲصȥˡ
ǸɰѾͷǳϲСѾͷ
ЦɰǿɰС󣬾ͷۡ
ȴǡ͡һЦ˵ӲǸɰ𣿡
𣿡룬˵Ҳǡ
һ˵ѹǮ£һ̾˵ڼ棬ǸѹǮԽԽҲ֪Ǻ»ǻ£
룬˵»£ͳһۣ˵̬ɡ
ʵϣֻļ壬ڼ˸ѹǮԽԽ
Ȼڵˮƽ˵ԭ򣬵δûһЩԭ
֮䣬ӵԭǮ̫òֻ֡Ǯõ̫٣Էļҳ᲻ˡ
ҲгԺӹ簮ԭ
һЩˣѹǮĶ٣һ໥ʱȵĹߡ
ҸĶ࣬Ǿ˵ұǮҾͺӡ
ЩҳҲϲʱԼĺӵõѹǮĶ٣ȶԷ࣬Ǿͻúӡ
Ϊ˵ЩյѹǮ֮ҲøжˣΪǳӦøģˣ⡣
Щ֮䣬ҲʱȵõѹǮĶ٣û˼ҵĶ࣬ͻûӡ
֣ʹáѹǮڣĵһЩζˡ
ѹǮĸɷ֡жʶףʶƺҲѾ𽥵ĵ
һЩźΪѹǮӦñζӦûصı֮ϣһףһк⣬ǶԺӵף
⣬ҲӦӣȷʶѹǮ
ȻѹǮбζֻ˸ѹǮǺܱʵġ
ֻǣԺܶ˵ѹǮǼ˺ͷ۵飬٣кܶҪǵأѾϣҲûа취顣

Թ緹֮ˣȥĳǰꡣ
Ǵڣ˶ѡ׷ѣѾۻᣬֻ߳档
ԣĴӣھĳָֻ֮˼֣кܶοľ͵˴ӡ



߰ʮ һʴ
飬ڴǰꡣ
ý壬ڽĴ˴ı
УļƷȻǸý屨ص㡣Ʒɡ͡ǡ֮ء
ڶýԼһЩ֪Ʒ˽˺ܸߵ
ɡʽʷϣĸ֮һ
ǡҲ֮ͬΪʷϣСƷ֮һ
Ϊ֮һ֣ȥĿǰΪֹСƷû֮һ
һ㣬ʼǰɡϾÿ˵Ŀһÿ˵УвͬĴ𰸡
Ȼֻ軪֡ïˣҲͬõ˺ܸߵ
⣬賿㣬QDƽ̨ϼܵԴɡֹ12㣬12СʱʱڣѾ200Ρ
һʮֿµ֣Ҫ֪ͻһǧΣͻᱻ¼㾭Ƶ
ȥɡ¼㾭Ƶпòһڵʱ䡣
Զ֮ǰġá͡ұƷõʱ̡
Ȼⲻ˵ɡЩãΪ͡軪أʹáɡӰֱӱڶʱôߵ
QDֹٷԴҲʮܺӣԻᴴ£챻¼㾭Ƶļ¼
ΪˣٷרڹҳͨһʱڣǡɡʵʱݣԱǹ֤ͬ¼¼ĵ
¼ʲôģ⣬ֻ֪12Сʱ200ε˵ֶ100Ǯ롣
ΪһΣҪһԪǮQDƽֳ̨ɣҲ100Ǯķֳɡ
ȻQDƽ̨õôطֳɵĸǼ
ֿ⣬200εĸҲ100ҡ
󲿷ָڼǧ£ʮٴεҲв١

ʥ塣
Ĵһ׷йȥ
תۼ䵽˴
˵һҪӣҪȥļ
ⲢңϾû޹ǡ
Ȼҹ꣬ѹҲӦȥҰݷòǡ
𴲣Թ緹ѡһЩҪһЩҰζˮǧ̡֮£һ뿪˴ӡ
һȥңҲǵһμİ裬˶ٻһš

ȥҵϸ̣ڴ˲ϸ
Ъһҹڶ磬뿪ңȻҲһ
뿪֮ʡȺݷȨлԪԼѾɸΪ񲯵ࡢʡκ󶫵ˡ
ȻصӵʱѾˡ
ļʱ䣬ӴһһŰݷõĿˡ
УȨлʡκ󶫡ࡢԪ֮⣬дʡĺɡ軪顢֡ïںˡ
⣬һЩôϤˣԼһЩδˡ
ǿͣȫһһӴͦ˵ġ
Щݷõˣڰݷý֮󣬻϶ûм뿪ӣѡڴס׼Ź꣬úõķɼգһ´ķ⡣
һЩǵһʥ壬ȻӲ뿪
Ե¥ѾӪҵ㹻ķסޡ
⼸ʱ䣬ˡǿνǲ١Ǹиαװɣڴйʱ򣬲ûбοϳ
Ƕɧǲ١

⼸ʱ֮ǰܹעģ̨֮ʴսҲѾ䶨
Ÿ̨Ĵ磬ݴ֣ÿһյƽʣҲѾ¯
ԽŮ5.95
5.93
˭㡷5.78
ؼҡ5.42
ˡ5.40
ɫᡷ5.25
졷4.85
ٰһΡ4.69
ԽŮƾźڷ΢ƣѹһ׵ġΪһʴսĹھ
ҲǺ⣬ΪԽŮεʣʵǸߵˡ
ңҪǡԽŮǰ˺ȣֻǼܹٳһЩԽŮƽʣӦûߡ
⣬Ҳǵطӣ״ʴսУսʤһס
һ׹ȻƣȴѾ޷ı䡣
ӶԴ˵̬ȣЩìܡ
еطսʤһףǱӦøеˡΪ˵ǵطӹͬҫ
طȴǣĽʡ
ֻǣЩãЦ
˵ԽŮ5.95ƽʣζһʲС롣
յǩĹЭ飬ڻ׼ʵĻϣÿ0.1ʣҪļ۸ÿ100Ļϣ10Ԫ
Ļ׼Ϊ4.0ڵʵΪ5.95ͨ㷨Ϊ6.0
Ҳ˵ÿһĹ۸Ϊ100200һ300һ
15ܼ۸Ϊ4500
ԽŮͶΪ13003200
ġЦͶ60%õķֳӦþ1920
⻹ֻǡԽŮֶȨõ
滹У̨ĴֲȨԼƵվ粥ȨȰȨ
ּҲһʴˡ


߰ʮ ʷϵĴ
ʴս鳾䶨õһ롣
⻹һ飬Ȼûг䶨ȴõ˸һʵ롣
ǱǸƷ˾µıƷڴڻƽڼ۴ս
ȻڵĻƽڻûнƷȴѾֳ˸¡
ǿ֮ǰǳ֮Ϊʷ桱ԲеĹ桱Ĺ桱ȵȡ
ȻڣЩǩҲûбȡ
ͬʱԪ棬ҲΪͬк͹Ц˶ֻźԪѪ޹顣
ȻŻƽڵĵͬк͹羭ˣʼĲмĲ죬ٵȡ⣬һֱڵĲš𾪵һϵе仯
죬ԪĸԼгȨʥ塣
֮Ц˿ȥʮ˷ܡ
Цʣ˸ˣǿĻ
Цֱֹ̫ˣõ˲ţõҵ𾪣
ܣֹ³壬Ҳ227һֹһµʱ䣬ǿ𡱲Ʒȫ۶ﵽԪ
ȫеıƷƷ۶ҲʮԪǿ𡱶ռ۶ɡ
ݹ֮󣬱Ʒҵ硢ԼýһƬȻ𾪡
û˸ģԪԼЩţݿ϶ʵˡ
һڵ۶𣿡ͷ⡣
Ҫ֪ǰ԰׽һ۶10ڣ˿ԶǰҪö࣬ټǴڻƽڣһڵ۶⡣
ֻ΢ЦŵͷƺһҲȵӣأһ𣬰Ԥ֮У˿ֲ۶ȣ
ԭ򣬶ǰˣƺӵɲ⡣
Ҫ֪֪ݵʱ˶𾪵ĲСֹҵˣ»ˣȫһƬ𾪣ǱƷʷϵһ漣
ˣһ£ǵıعƣǿƷһ۶20ϣҲ15ϣҲ˵ҵһķֺ죬3ϡ
˵ķֺ죬Щۣ3ԪҲ۲
ң⻹ֻһķֺ죬չĹͬЭ飬ǽҪֺ졣
عƣҵֺܷ콫10ڡ
Ȼ۹ۣ֪ǸķֺԽ࣬ͱҵõĴԽ࣬Ͳһ10ڵķֺء
3ڣɲһСĿǶڵ˵Ҳһ
ԣ۾ֻ3ԪҪһ֮ܵˣҲֻһԤֵ
ʱʵʵпܸ࣬Ҳпܸ١
ĻӦǻġ
Цٴ֣˵ܣ죡
񲨶΢΢һ3Ԫľ޶ֺ죬Ȼ޶ԣҪʼˡ

Բеġǿ桱һٴ񻰣øҵ硢ýһƬȻͬʱҲǰ˼⣬ôҲ벻ͨеԭ
һڱҵ˵ʹ飬İպ׷Ī
Ϊһǿȴ֮Աǡ
ڶҵУ·ᡢԪࡢͨļҵǺڡ
УԪࡢͨҵԭҲ⹺ģֻǱ5000ļ۸סˡ
ΪһǷˣŻῪô׵ļ۸
5000
ֹǲֱǰײ˼ۣ
ǿһµ۶ͳ5ڣǶٸ5000
ҵĲƷһµ۶3000ң֮Ԫʮֹ
Ѿ˳ӡΨһοľǣԪҵûֱ5000ļ۸ϣѡһֹʽװ׶ึʮϵļ۸
·ᱣ˵ǵġԻƽӴġ
ڶԱ֮£ѡһ档
ʼҲѡΪǵġԻƽ棬ϱΪõĹ棬롰ǿ𡱹պˡ
ȻǺ׳Ҫռ챣ƷгʱȴǷ֣ռгģ˼ҵġǿ𡱣ǵġԻƽ
˼ҵ۶5ڣǾڶ۶ȴֻ9000ʵ̫ˡ
·ҵ»ļɶеĹԱ쿪ᣬϸоһ洴񻰵ԭ
ʲôʱԭˣʲôʱɢᡣ
һڹԱ಻ԣҵóԭ
ǶȥгϵЩǿ𡱵Ĺ˿ͣΪʲôҪǿ𡱣
й˿͵ĻشһǾԼҲ㲻ԭ򣬷ˡ
ⲻǴ𰸵Ĵ𰸣ֱץ
ֻ·ᱣеıҵԼٵĹ湫˾һЩý壬ϸо⣬ȴʼҲԭ
Ԫڰݷ뿪ʱҲʹΪʲôһгЧôã
ЦЦشҲ֪
ȷ֪Ҳû˻֪ǿ𡱹棬Ϊʷϵһ棬ȴǲʵ



߰ʮ ˽
ʱѵ໥ݷйȥһתۣʮһ졣
Ǵ֮ĵһҪգԪڣֳΪԪڡС¡ԪϦߵƽڡ
ԪֵΪũԪ£˳ҹΪ԰һеһԲ֮ҹʮΪԪڡ
Ԫ2000ǰˣӹ񣬶ǷǳҪĽա
ԪһϰҲǳ࣬Ԫֻơµաˣơʨӡȵȡ
˵ڵԪգԶʱ֣Ԫֻƣ˵ƻϰףɷǳУҲǻӭ

峿֮黹˯ûнһ˳˷š
ڴһȦ˳ժһЩһ򵥵Ļ׼͸顣
Ƕ·ݣܶ໨ûʢĻ㲻жƯʤֲժǡ
Ż˷䣬ȻûѡϰߣӦúܿͻˡ
Ȼڴ²ãԺ۾
鿴ŵĻ󣬡ѽһͺΪԼۻˣ۾ٿһ
ЦЦ˵飬͸㡣
ӣӹȻһЦ
˲䣬;һȻʧɫ˵飬ɲЦˣЦĻĻҪήˡ
һۣ˵ЩÿҲͦģֲҸոŵһءŶˣôһһ
յȻϲԭҲЩ档
ЦЦ˵ΪǸӡ
ӣһ룬ԪڣȷǸӡ
ֻǣԪŮѻôЩĿһۣȴǷǳ
Ȼ֪룬ЦԪûҲһա
һգһ㶣˰죬Ҳ벻컹ʲôգɻʵ컹ʲôգ
΢΢һЦ˵ǻԼ˽ڡ
˽ڣɻ˵Լ˽ڣϦһôǽ죿
ҡͷ˵Ϧһ˽ڣʵ׵գʺΪԼ˽ڡ
һ˵ǲ죬۾һգһգʵգһԪڣ
ͷûԪʵϦڣʺϱ֮Ϊ˽ڡһա֪ȽڣҲ׳Ƶ
Ƚڣҡҡͷ˵û˵
ͷȻû˵ƺûж֪ˡ
ֻ磬ǰҲһںܶ˵ӡУй˽ھϦڣʵǲ׵ġ
Ϧ롰ţɡ֯͡ŮİйأΪ£뵱ȻذϦ˽ڡ
ңԶţɡ֯Ůǡ
Ϧڣֳɽڡţ֯ŮĹ£ҪɣŮǻۺɡ
ֻ˵֯ŮɣΪ֯ŮǷ֯Ů񣬳ǻۺɡ
ɼϦϰģǡ֯Ůˣţ֮İ顣
ϦŮӵĽգûʲôϵ鰡͸Ϲϵˡ
಻ǣŮǻɵͬʱ˳һԼԵ
ԣϦڵ˽ڣǲ׵ġ
ԪںȽڣĽգŸʺϱ֮Ϊ˽ڡ
ȣԪڡ
ڹŴδ޵ŮӣرǴҹ㡢Сұ񣬶ǡšƽʱٱš
Ԫѽһ죬δ޵ŮԳ档
ϵͻƣһĺûᡣҲδŮ֮䣬໥ʶĺûᡣ
ҹ㣬СұſĵƻдɫԼǵĶ
⣬Ԫƽڼ䣬Ůʱ
ȻԪڸʺϱ֮Ϊ˽ڡ
ΣȽڣҲ³
Ԫһ³һ죬δ޵ŮҲǿԳŵġ
Ԫƣ³̤ࡣ
һ죬գͣ£ԡ棬Ȼ̤ʹ֡
ĵŮǣһʶ֪
һ졣
ԣ³һ죬ҲԱ֮Ϊ˽ڡԪڻҪʺһЩ
³³ߵϦȡ
ȣϹŷ˺ŮļءߡģġӼǡҪ1000ꡣ
Σ³ڴ죬Ϧ졣
֮𡱵գ涣ůĴ죬Ȼʺ̸
ϣԪںȽڣȽڣ֮Ϊ˽ڡȻϦڸӺʡ
Ȼ˵һǡ˽ڡʵҪ
һ仰˵һమ˵ÿһ춼ǡ˽ڡ



߰ʮ Ԫƻ
˵ڡ˽ڡ˵ٿԼŵĻиۣһǣȻ˵ڡ˽ڡԭô˵
ЦЦ˵ĸ˽ڣʵҪҹҲûС˽ڡաֻǰһ飬ҪһԼġ˽ڡһ죬ûôҪ
ͷ˵ǳͬһֵȻԼ˽ڣ׼ĵƻᣬòΪ˷ӡŮѰɣ
һЦ˵ȻǣԷӡ˵ȷʵһ׵ĺûᡣ˵һﶼϲˣȴǳٳٲұף˵ûгϢ
ȴĿһۣ˵ֲǺˣԺ󲻻ᵽȥ黨ǲݡ
𣿡ĵͷ˵û͸һˣ
һۣĻ£Ȼ𴲡

ϣũׯ׼һ͵ĵƻᡣ
׼ԱοǣֵĹһԪѽڡȹ˽һ꣬Ҳʽˡ
ũׯοԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽãũׯ˿ҵһĻ֮⣬ûиκε
Ԫѽڵգٰһ͵Ԫƻᣬοͬ֡
ƻᣬȻٲ˲ԣ׼˴οǲ²⣬¶֮󣬽иָĸƷ
磬ٲȵֽͬȯũׯκѣ뻤ׯ޺ӰĻᡢԵӡƬȵȡ
ЩƷο˵ÿһŷǳ
ЩƷúõĻһοǣԸлοǳʱũׯʥ֧֡
ȻũׯԱʹǣҲԲ뵽С¶֮ҲͬԻӦĽ
ֻȤĽֽˡ
ũׯԪƻᣬʮ֮ǰѾʼͨԼοǵĿڿഫ֪οԽԽࡣ
֪οͣԵƻֳŨȤҲ˵ЩƷÿһкܴ͡աѾ㹻ˡ
ΪԪƻϵﶼԳ⣬ЩμӹũׯҵĻοͣ񶼻ǵã조й١ϣЩϡŹ֡Զ󿪣ʮȤĿ
һԪƻϵ⣬Ҳ͡й١ϵĿ࣬οǳڴ
ЩûвμӹũׯҵοͣҲ˵һЩȤ£ЩϡŹֵĿҲš
˵Ԫƻϵ⣬ЩϡŹֵĿǵȤڴֵߡһδˣһ򲻿ٴ
ԣũׯԪƻỹδʼοǾѾڴ
⼸ũׯοͣ໥ģǹԪƻ顣
һεƻϵĸƷÿһǳˣڴ
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ǿ϶ģׯƭǡЩƲò°
û£˶󣬿϶ܹ³ġЩԶ󿪵⣬žȤ
ٺ٣ѲһźأӲ³гɾ͸˵ֳӹĿ࿴ء
ղݣ˵ĺеӡ
ô˵ҵʱ򶼻ˣ
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տʼοǻɢڴӸȵ5ʱοŵƻֳۼ
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ο໥֮죬˵Ц˽ÿ˵¶ܸߣҲڴ֮ɫ
6㣬ҹɫѾ٣һԲԲ£֪߹ա
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տʼֻɢɢһƬοֻоֳԽԽҲԽԽÿ͵ĵƹӳϡϣǳů
οǿʼĻֳ֮ЩƵģ̬ĴͻƱȼֳԵƯοǵĻ֮ҲԽԽ
еĵȫȼֳһƬֵĺ
̬죬ΩΩФĻƣۻңͬһ
ֳĵĴʱ̨ϣʮ־дͳɫʨݣ򳹵ˣԪƻĻ



ٰ߰ʮ յý
ԪƻĻֻۣʨȱҲܾʣοȤģһյյдյơ
ЩԶ󿪣ʮȤ⣬Ѿ㹻Ȥ˵¶Դ֮󣬻з˵ĽƷ
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յƷΪÿһԱ
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ߣü˼ߣҲ໥ۡ²⡣
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˵꣬ӦյƺĽƷȡ£ͬʱҲѸյϨְ֮ѽƷݸӣ˵ĽƷֽһϲ
۾˷ܵĽӹ˵лл
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۾ӼҶ²ĿԼԵø˷ܣ󷽵˵ɣû⣬ʹ򿪡
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̿ˮ죬һж٣
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һʮţ1200Ԫ۾Ӽ
ղݣһһǧԪϵĴСӽҪ
ղݣǰɣĵһֽ1200ãǲã

1200ֽʱΧգһС߳
Ѿ㹻˷ܵˣԵø˷ܣþ˼˼𰸡
ôֽȻ˶ҪȻǧԪϵĴ̫࣬Ҳ٣˵һõǧԪģء
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һյһĲҲÿӣʱ˷֮ɫΧˣȫĽ
Ӹոմһ⣬õĽƷһκͻׯ޺ӰĻᣬѡһֻׯޡ
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˵ûһŬ

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𣿡һЦϿƺѣȴһǳ򵥵֡



ٰ߰ʮһ Ҽ򵥵
֪յһǳ򵥵֣Χ۵ȴǲ֪
ǡ¡ǡɽǡģȻһǳӵ֣Χ۵дд໥ۣȴʼûд𰸡
ԴһҲͬͷʣյʲô֣
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ȥ˱𴦣ûиЩ˴𰸵Ĵ㡣Ǵ𰸣Щ˵һȤǡ
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ԽԽ٣ЩȻŵյǰΧŵˣȻҲԽԽࡣ
ҶץסĻᣬ𰸡ңʱ򣬲³𰸣Ȼ֮ǰͷ
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ƻʱȻû˲³𰸣ʱṫȷ𰸵ġһϣ֮ǰܹ³𰸡

顰Цţ㿴ʲô⣿ϰѴҵ˼ά
ٺһЦ˵࣬ڸӵĻУҳ򵥵Ĵ𰸡
һۣ˵ɪ
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ԶԣʾΧ˷׷׸͡
ԱЦҡҡͷ˵ԣҿԸߴңյһܳõ֣ʵѾһʾˡ
ܳõ֣˵磬ûƭǰɣ˶Щɡ
ȻԱȴֻЦЦ˵
˼״ҲʣŹԱӦòƭǡ
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˻ǺͷҪ֪𰸵飬ȴǸӵС
ʱȥطյƼϨŵյѾˡ
ЩѾȥתһȦյյȻţΧΧŵ˸ˡ
Ȼû𰸣ȷѰ
ҸոתһȦյѾˣŻ塢յɡÿһյǰ棬Χ˲ٵˡ
ʱҲˣƻҲҪˡЩ᲻á
ǰׯһεƻᣬҼƯ棬˼ĵƻᣬȷ᲻ý
ؼʱ䲻ˣվҪġھϣŵļյյƵĴ𰸣ڵƻǰ˴
Ѱ⣬֮ǰԱ˵յһõ֡ʲôõ֣ôӵģ˵ǰɣ
ǰȫ벻

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ԱͷߵŵյԱߵĹԱߣͬ߶˼䣬Ȼ뿪
֮ŵյԱߵĹԱЦЦ˵λѣٸһʾҲҪյôӡһõ֣һǺܼ򵥵֡
Ҽ򵥵֣һ㶣ЩȻôܻǼ򵥵֣
໥佻ͷӶ۷׷ףȴȻû𰸡
һԱֵʵյѾ˵ˣ֮ǰ˵ЩС
Ҳ⻰һ˸ɧ
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Ȼֻ˷ܵļ֪ˣ֪ˡ
֪ˣ۾һߴٵֵܣ㵹ǿ˵
˴Цһ𰸾ǡá֡껹Ǽֳá
á֣ô򵥵֣һϣüԺ˼
Ƭ̣½˽еղݣá֡Ҳ̫ˣҲˡ
ԽԽˣһЩʱû׵ˣҲ˵Ľ£ˡ
֮ˣһʱ;̫ˣһһģֱѴҵ˼άЩӵ֡
˭뵽յ׻һ򵥵֣
һ룬⿰ƾׯֱʡ
˾⣬֮óȥ˵Ļٺ١
뵽˴ܶ˶ԼͬķһЦ



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ٰ߰ʮ 10º11
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һ߷ԼƷһߴ̽ƷڶˣͬʱǿƼĳһƷĻǱǰȥۿ
ҸоʱĲһˡҽ쿴ⲿ˫Ʒ֮ǰûб̫ϣȻ֮ȴͦÿģԺĹҲڴûпѣҽȥһһʧ
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ãӹ飬Ҳ췢Сûӹаʸ֪ԸҪΪһЦ

һԹӹǲڽӹƣֻ߻еʲô뷨
ԣԴʵ̫⣬ĽֻƷ
ӹҲãһвҲգֻҪƷÿǱȥ֮ǰĶԹԹһ㲻⡣
ȻӹԶԴˣȻ鲻ˬڻˡ
ڽһˣҲûʲôøСھ͵ţǼһƷô



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ԣոһԲ̳ʺţӡ
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ֻΪʵ鿴㣬ΪĹ屦Ʒһǰȥ
ԼĶˣղصȶԡ
־ӡˢ200ᣬСʱʱ䣬ͱȫصĹ˿һա
Щ΢ȥһЩĹ˿ͣ˳ϰá־ʱȴϰ֪Ѿꡣ
Ҳſ۶ãٶҲ̫˰ɡ˿ƣ׼ǰһص㹺
Ȼֱ֪һصҲûˣҪȥһˡңһصûˣ¸ص㣬УȫûлˣҪĻֻˡ
Ҳ˿ǲƣҲûа취ֻ㬵뿪
Ѿ֪־ϸݣ򣬾Իӵơ

һҼꡢͤͣĴ޻ʹš
Ȼᶨ۲ߣ˿ֲ׬
ȻҲһ׬ǩĳͬûҪȨѣǺͳֳɵķʽ
Խߣ׬Խ࣬ȻҲ׬Խࡣ
ֻǣгȻ󣬵ɲҪʱ䣬ʱҹݵĸϹڱ֤ǰ£ϳ200ᣬȴǰСʱˡ
ڣӡˢɻֶĸϹһĲҲ̫࣬ôꡢͤηԴȷʵһͷ۵顣ǲԸκһꡢͤ
Ҳʹŵԭ

ʥ塣
ġաûʲôϵһ飬ڴΪеš
һܹ50ᣬȫոµġ־
ǲ֮ǰĳһ͵ġ
ũׯ칫¥Ӵ˰͸֮󣬱ҴҸǶȥ
ڳæʱ
óһ鿴˿ֽӡˢǳ⡣
Ժʵʱ򣬵ǿԿҳһߣһֹһ䡣
ؼźãЩ׼˵ġ
֮ǰ֣Եӡ
λ˶ԡ־ͬߣʵǣضϻܸˡ
Ȼӵ͵飬λ˶ǳĵͷֱСӻͦ¡
Ȼǵֱϰ׵ԭ򣬲λˡƽϡ

ٵ̽ǽȥ־ʵ飬û򵽡
鱾Ϊƣǻصһڵġ桷֮Ƶ˲ʧӰ٣ȡ֮ľ޴ľϲ˷ܡ
Ϊһڵ־ҳһ棬ȷе˵Ԥ档
̽˾ϲ˷ܵ飬Ȼĵڶ̽ưƷˡ
Ԥ˵̽ư飬һڵġ桷־ϣʼء
ʲô֣ǹһĹµȣȴǲûܡ
Ԥǳ򵥣һӰͼټϼ仰ûˡ
һ̽˵ôһ򵥵Ԥ棬Ѿ㹻ˡ
һڣǾ331һˡ
ϲͻȻ̽Ǹûκε׼ԭΪ̽ư飬һʱܹʹҼ档
ȴ룬ô죬ôͻأľˡ
ͻľϲһΪ̽ǣй˷塣
һڡ桷Ԥ棬شҶ˰ɡֻ˵ͻľϲһϲ
û뵽ô죬Ϳ͵ˣ֮ǰΪҪһء
鰡֪һֻǹһλĹ£̫ڴˡ
ٺ٣֪ҹ۲죬ԤһӰͼδȡһǹδȵĹ¡ǣֱԼ̡
ղݣ¥ɣȴ˵ͷͷǵɣѾͼ¥ϳԼ̡
ڿԤ֮ǰҶȻڴżһһɣûйϵ֪һھͽʼ֮ҷżֻʱһ㵽31š
ͬ¥ϣҲĸо⵹Щ֡




ڰ˰һ СӣҪϷ̫
ǶưڴҲ˽⣬ǸӰͼ񣬾Ͳ²δȵļһҲòʾһˡ
ȵ331һ죬Ǽһƻǳĵɪ
ڴԸоϢԽԽŨﻨ㣬ľѿһƬȻ
ӵοͣҲҲ֮ǰ࣬Ȿ̤ʱڡ
Ϫˮӱϣÿ춼зϺοͣòֺ
οϺзôߣũׯĲȡ
οǷ׷ӱߣϪˮϺзɶζܶοͶϲԡ
ңʥЩзϺҲԶطζ
ũׯҸأҲѾĽɣʼӪҵ
һеĹɡ

ʱúܿ죬һת۱331һ졣
̽εӣڵˡ
ϣĳͤǰ
һ20Сӣմӱͤϰӹһڵġ桷ȲĽ־
ûãСӺȻ۹ЦЦúǿš
ͤϰΧ־˵Ŀ⣬ȫСӿ룺Ѿõ־Ȼ˷ܣСҲ̫һɡ
СԼȴأδɳԼ˷ܵС
Աһ30ҵ۾ӣСӣŪСΪʲôô˷ܣ
ԥƬ̣ǰȥʵλֵܣǵġ桷־ʣ˷ܴЦΪһڵ־ϣ飿
С˷أ˸˵۾һͷû
۾ɻֵܣǲ̫һ㣿Ҳ򡶴桷ģҲ̽Ʒԣ飬Ҳͬڴ˼졣Ҳô˷ܰ
СӰڰ֣˵ôȻбԭ㲻֪ǰ˵ͨżӰͼ񣬿ֱжżӰδȡǣҾֱԼ̡Ѳţ׷׽ͼ˵ҪҴġȻ塭
СԽ˵Խ⣬Խ˵Խ˷ܣֻĻδ˵꣬ͱ۾ӵһղݡˡ
֮󣬾ͼ۾˼Ŀ˵ԭǸҪֱԼ̵ɵֵܡ
СȻó۾ʼҪ˵ʲôֻ⣬Ϊ˷ܵ˵ף֪ѵϿˣ
۾ֵҺֹһءŶˣҲнͼ
Сһ˷ܵ˵ôԵҲʺʲôҿûӡ󣿡
۾ӵȷ̫ˣҲȷԵҵʺһ졯
һ졯С룬ͷȷЩӡ󣬲ϧȫˣ
۾ӵδȣ
СӵЦȻֹ۾ӵ㻹û
۾̯̯֣أû־
СӵͷԭˣȻδˣȻôˣҸ˵ǿ϶ΪǺҲ²ģԲԣ
۾ӵѵǣ
Сüɫ˵ȻˣͨԼӰϸ۲죬ȻۺϷжϳġʵ֤ҹȻǶԵġ۹Ӵ֮ҽִȣֻʽҲţһأ
С°ͣһòӡ
۾ͷߣСӲǸɵȣǸȡ껹¶ˣҲѹôɪ
գ۾ҡҡͷתڱͤһһڵġ桷Ȼ󷭿־
̹١۾߶һ䣬Ȼɨ˼ģǹȻδȡ
֮ٿСһֹۣ

СӴĵˣԶԶֹ۾һ
ЩСӴ˶ĵˣ־֮Ҳڵһʱ־Ϊ˿Ҫȷһ˹˭
ǻſСֱԼءȻǲܵģܺúõĵ٩٩СӣЩȤǡ
̹١ţƺ˹˭ɨģӦþͿóˡ
ֻһɨɨղݡ֮Ȼδȡ
СӾȻ˵ˣոȥĵһʱ֮䣬֪˵ʲôˡ
źúõ٩һСӣҵȤڿҪСӵֵɪˡ
СҲȷûôʧڱͤǰݺݵĵһ֮󣬻صϣСְ֮ǰĵЩˣһһľһԼжӰδȵģôҳƺΪʽܡ
ǰȷ
Щ֮ĵˣƵͬʱֻ˵СӣҪϷ̫



ڰ˰ ÷հ
С˵ĶԼֻһСɵ֮⣬˵ĿѾеˣⲿ̹١Ʒ֮ϡ
δȣ֮Ϊ編ҽѧı棬֮ʽܣǲضãǶȻİ
Ԥǣⲿ̹١УӦûһЩҽѧϵֶΣǶԴ˷ǳڴ
һΪ÷հ
Ʒһʼ㽻ѧδȣ丸ףƹιӰ£Сڶϰɡ
˯Уδȳɹ⿪һ֮գųԣصóɾΰҵ
롶졷һ̹١һƪҲͬһСȻδȵеģվҲǰǡ
δȡصóɾΰҵĺ׳ҲһԼѡ
ֻǣľ飬ȴЩϡ
һգδͬƺٱ
ϯ䣬δȣѾ÷֪ء
δ֪÷صشƫԶ¼գǰ֪÷ͤν꣬Ͳ׵δȶԺѴȥǡ
⣬÷ѹ֪÷֮ͤŮӢûɸΣҵŵͷšͷ֮ƵԶֳ飬뵱ƹιࡣ
ٽδ֮գμƹٵĸȴٳδ顣
һݴ֮ʣһðػصľǸι塣
һһһҲ
󲻺Ͳٰ֮ô
Ҳðδȵĸףһƹ٣ͻȻˣͽ˸С
˵ҲǣΪʲôҪιһأѵʲô⣿
϶ģѵιǱıɱδΪҳɱ׵֣Ӷ
Ϊ¥ϵ˵ԣδҪȫⰲһֺαιƹ
˵ҲǣΪʲôҪһڣ˸еͬʱֺɻ󡣡

ͻȻڣһ˵ǲܽܡ
ֻǣͽ˸еڣûʲô⣬ţЩֵȶˡ
ȻһģֻǴ벻ѡ
ɻǼ¿
бʹδȼ鸸׵壬ָж
ѵıɱδȱ֮ʣͬʹϹܼңιδȡ
ιԭ
ιǷɱ
ιʮ޴ȻһӣιȴҲιһΨһһ׮
Ψһһ׮ƹٷɱл
ңƹٵУδһ
ôС־ӳиҵԡصóɾΰҵδȣӴĻ䣬Ծƽ
ƫƫִδȺѣ÷ڸ;УվĶѶ
ȻѣʹδȸӽƲ
Ҫǰ·ص㣬ѵԭȴΪסǰ
ǿ޲ﳤ̾һ
ΪƹٵɱлеϧͬʱƹӵҲǳ⡣
ƹΪһ׮ɱлʵ̫źˣҲγʧ
ƹöҲǵĶӸĺ󳾡
ȻǸԭˣ϶ϣԼĶӸĺ󳾡Դˣȫ⡣ֻǣƹٴ˾٣Щ塣
ȷδϣҪԩ޹֮˺ԩƹٵȷ˽ˡȻվڸ׵ĽǶȣȫ⡣
ƹӦ֪δСصóɾΰҵ־ŪôһδȽ𣿿δ콹겻ӣʵЩ
Ϊƹ֪δ־򣬲Żǡ겻һʱ䣬ܱòǡ
ðɣȷô¡

һεĹ۵һ£Ϊƹ˽ĵͬʱҲƹٵ˽ķǳ⡣
û˵ƹٵԣֻЩδˡ
ȻҲ֪δǿ϶ġ
ȻͲⲿˡ
ˣǶԽδηеİʼģڴ
Ȼ÷֪أ࣬Ҳͬڴ
ֻҪ֪Щõȵһڵġ桷־ˣһڡ̹١أѾˡ
һڵġ̹١У˿ƪ֣δнصһС֮⣬û漰ưݣȴͬ÷ǳ񫣬ԺĹ£ǳڴ


ڰ˰ ƹٵ
ʥ塣
ϿһǶԡ̹١ۡ
һ϶һΪƹٸµģΪԼ˽ģǲöӸԼĺ󳾡
ʵٺٵЦЦ죬֪ʱһΪԼڵĿеڡ
ʱƹٵ˵Իһȫһľ
֮ǰͯƷƤƤ³³һ̹١ĿʼأҲͬ˸Ĺע
ܶýͬڵһʱ䣬ر
ٵķ̽ǣҲͬ϶ԡ̹١۷׷סֻǸпƷٶȣδҲ̫һЩһȫͬ͵Ʒ
⣬ڽС졷籾ıںҲͬڵһʱע
ȻֻıһưƷںò񫣬ȵ۾ֶˡ̹١
̽˵ԡ̹١ĹעҲǿýζǺϲЩ̽ǣԡ̹١ۡ
ȻȤĻǹڡ̹١ı֮ļʱǹڡ̹١ۣûͣ
һµʵǵֻʱܹÿһЩҲ㿴ݡ
ǼеУʱ34һ죬һڵġ桷С
֮ǰһһ̽ڱͤһڵġ桷֮󣬻ڱͤصֻȥĵطѡһԼƣȻķ־̹١֮á
룺һδӦþͻǰ÷صذ˰ɡ
δеᣬδ򿪵ģ
һǣǳڴ
һڵһʼͷѹ÷÷֮ͤŮӢҵδȣҪδǰȥ÷أ֪֮ա
δȱȻҲǳȥֻǸ׵־ԲΥ
δȥѣķҡ
Ȼδĸ׵һȴδͻȻ䷭Ȼеȥ
ĸ׸װѡɰ¼ʵڴС־ɾΰҵ˵Ķ
ԭƹδȡͬʱδһƹһѪɵġɰ¼ʱ
֮ǰδȱ׵û뵽ͬʱְѡɰ¼ʵԼ⡣
ֱĸ׵һδͻȻףǰġ
ԭƹٲҪرδȳɾΰҵĴţҪԼѪĽѵĿδȵС
ƹԼĴۣ֮·δȣһľʾ죡
ƹϣδϰ֮ϣҪСĽвɴУ޹֮˵
ȷδȸĺ󳾣ֻµδȸĺ󳾡
δȵȥݹϸ֮󣬴ŲͷӢãȻ̤ǰ÷ص·̡
δȷȻ׵ģһԿȴ͵һ
ˣˣǶˣǶƹ١
ƹﲻ壿˽ģƹࡣ
ƹٶδȵģֺγǶ˼ġ
ǵĲģˣΪ֮ǰƹٵᣬеǳ
ƹٵ֮࣬ǰ˵ƹٲ壬ҪϵĶƹ˵һԲ𡯡
δȸһ̣ҵ͵һƹһλΰĸףһλصĺù١
ǰΪƹٵɱеϧ
죬⼸֣ҵ۾΢΢Щʪ󡣡
죬ƹδľʾֺγÿһ˵ľʾ

δȽδԼе᣿һڴ֮һ
ڣǵȴЩء
ܶԶĬĬı˶ƹٵľл⡣
лƹٸһϰ̹١
δȺͲͷӢ÷أȻ÷ˮѲ⡢ɱ
ʱΪع׼ʹδȴڣѡ
ȻδȻƾԼϸ΢Ĺ۲Լ߳Ŀַḻķѧ֪ʶ÷صĲơ
֣һڽƻļСˣԼ¶Ӷĺһ򾡡
ҲҴһֱαװɺ˵֪¬µʵĿ
¬£÷Ļ֡
ˣ÷հɹƣ÷صʧȡ֮Ǭ
ֵõӦеĳͷǰ÷ͤԼ飬Ҳõ˸ο
δȵĳγɽͽ湦Ұ𶯣ƸߪƷ£ʡ
ϴԩͶһ׮һ׮հɾ˴̹ٵĺպ



ڰ˰ ûбʤİ
̹١֮÷հڵڶڵнδʽ̤ϣɫʵ֮·
ڡ÷հУδȳϸ΢Ĺ۲죬ʵ߼֮⣬õ˷ҽѧϵֶΡ
磬׺;õأԭѪĵ棬ֳƬѪͱ˵߱ɱʬ֮ء
һǴ񫣬ֱδȲ編ҽѧı棬ڴʱھֶΣһ˧˵á
ͬʱǶԽİڴ
ȻһĵطдƬ֮ٲ֮ǳ֮
δ÷հʷϵʵ¼ִֻ˴һС˵
ô׺;õأʹѪֵֶΣ˵δȵģǻ˵ġ
ܶǳ˵ķҽѧֶΣڹŴδȵϣǲʵģδôֶΣ
ȻЩɺͳˣֻ֪δǸĹŴˣı㲻˽⡣
ɣҲδؾǶʲôֻΪҵһЩ⣬Ҫ׬ȡһЩ
ֻǣ˸ǣδȱҽѧңⷨҽձΪδڽǧ֮ǰͿˡҽѧΪ編ҽѧ档
ϴԩ¼ҹһϵͳķҽѧרҲķҽѧר㴫⣬ҽѧķչشס
ʣ㻹ΪһЩҽѧֶΣδȵϣǲʵ𣿡
ȻЩɺͳ֮ˣ࣬Ϣġ
ûЩɺͳ֮һ̽ǻȸԾδȵư

ʥ塣
ӵǰһ塣
ոѾѡ̹١11ȫ˳ȫȨĵ䡣
ʣµģڡ桷ؾͿˣǲٹˣֻżһǵ۾Ϳˡ
ˡ̹١֮⣬صƷҲѾ㹻Ĵ壬ʱҪˣСࡣ

еʱУʱһһȥصļƷҲȡ
һתۣƷ齣¼Ѿ
ͬʱ롶齣¼ͬڷеһƷҲȫȺᡣ
ȻҲһġǽ
ԡǽĸУһԡǽʼ֮󣬾͹÷ǳ⡣
ڡǽᣬָߵʮԼƷ
ƣƷȫ泬ԽǽıˣҪӹƷһϸµ˼
ֻǣһ˼ķǳޣһжֽ֮ͣǰġһһ
ڽһ˵Ҫ˼ж޶ûйϵ
ΪȻ޵˼ҪģǼȲϣҲϣһȫƾۡ
˼ˣ֮ǰԲ̳ʺΪδ֪ߣָΪ
ڣˡδ֪֮⣬һҲӵһԼ˷˿Ȼ࣬顣
ĿǰȦúȵһЩһһϣƷӹдһӹȴܶս
һ˷˿ԳΪҾʱϺǻԾҲܸߵ
ܵһߵӰ죬ֻ˵Լ·֮ǰͺܸߵ
ҲǳΪһ۵ԭ򣬽һ·񣬷ǵθ
ҲϲָߵµĸоܹǸеһ֣˵ɱˣɱİˬ
һ齫51ڡأ⽫һȫ泬Խǽľ
һƷһһãĳЩ˵Ʒֻܹԭ̤
һ51ŷ飬ұâ֮ͬһʱ䷢顣
һӹдһӹȴٳûлӦǲңǲм
ҿȻǲˣΪڵĹӹѾû˱ʤһİգðſܻķ뽣һд裬粻Ųʡкܶ˻Ϊǲм뽣һд裬Ǿ׬
ʵһֿܣǾǹӹʵҲԸ뽣һд衣ϾǺԸģҲδػ½һֻǣĴٶȸϲϽһ51ţûɷʲôдء

ҾǺܻԾҲܸߵտʼʱǣ׷׺ǳŹͷЩˡ
ԽǺǳ⣬ҾǷԽˣǵȷŹͷȷЩţǾҪ˵˭ùӹһֱٳٲӦأ벻ɶС
˵ҲδؾŹͷӹƷԭ̤ǲʵһƷȻҲͬˮ׼
һƷȫ泬Խǽ
ߴ˳ӹȷû㹻İӮһ
Ҿ˵ǽĬ
һΪЩԽ˵Խֺα˷ѿˮ;
ΪҾ˵ҲȫûеȷӦûбʤİգűܶ
ΪںܴһԵУ֮ǰģӹ޷ٴõƷһ̣ɻڣʧ



ڰ˰ ʱѧ
ʥ塣
Եǰ֣С԰дУָ߲ˣúÿϲˡ
֣ࡢڲ԰æµ£Ҳæ
ʵӣ׼ôˣ
鰡ˣһھͿԿʼˡ
һڣǲ51ţǽһƺҲ51ŷ飿
ͷǰЩνġҾʱɲͣҹǶ֪һһ񡯵ģţƵңҪ51췢ˡ
ЦСӵȷߵȷʸ񱻳Ϊšǽҿˣȷǲһεųȫ泬ԽǽҲǲܡ
ȷпܵġ
ֵͬһʱ䷢飬϶Ϊͬдһ
ЦЦ˵ͬͬ⣬綼ǵƷһбȽϣҰѷʱ䣬51ţҲһġ
⵹ҲǣӮİգ
˭֪أҲһţһһûзӳһε״󱬷˵Ͱұȥˡ
Ŷ𣿡ҵǺڴΰСӱȥģ
˵ϣƺеֻ
һЦֵСӣһϢ϶ǳȤ
ŶʲôϢ
֪ҹѧУȨʲô
˷ۣ˵Ȼ֪ˣʱѧѡһΡҹȨѧڹϣҲӵкܸߵȨԡ˵ϣۺôҲѧȦˣô֪
ǹһЦ˵ûһѡڽסȷ֪㲻֪ǣӽ꿪ʼС˵Ҳпܻѡʸ񡣡
С˵һ㶣˵ⲻܰɣʱѧίС˵ûʸ񱻳Ϊѧ𣿸ͲǺܶͨڣҲΪġС˵ʸ񣬱ʱѧ
̾һ˵ȷ֮ǰС˵ںܶǲĴڣǾûпܻãʱѧѡʸġڲһˣԴġԽŮճ֮С˵Ĵ£ѾȫµʱӰҲԽԽѾʱѧίע⵽ˡ
˵˿ǳοЦЦȻҲίԱ飬ճɲɻ˵еϣΪгԱίͻչۣͶƱҸ˵Щܣû繫СӿɲҪȥý壬ߣԣԼһЩͨ˶궯
ϲɿֿɻ˵ϣȻܣε֪ģ
һЦ˵Ѿʶ꣬С˵绹һЩλʱѧίҲһЩõϢ
ٺһЦ˵ǣС˵ĵλСҪ߶ˡ
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Ӵ֮С˵ѧһ֧ڵĲܶ˶ϵľ档
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ֻǣųɹĿԺСٴĿǰӵġ
ڵС˵˵Ѿ˸ٷչȫʱɶǿƷ࣬Ҳûг̾Ϊֹ۷
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ڰ˰ Ѫ
뽣һҲ˵һԴ˲κεĻӦҲһǻᣬͽһ˵飬һԱȡ
ԴˣҲֻ˳Ȼ
һƷѡǰӹƷѪ
ѪǽӹĵڶƷҲǽӹԼ̫һƷιģĴ޸ģ֮һҵƪ
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⣬⼸죬Ѿл߽Ҫˣֹͽһˡ
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лƷڱȽһֻҪ͵һЩģвФƻˡǷʱ䣬Ҳͬ51š
ֻǣҶһʵĴΪ׵ǣûʲôϢƺĴʹ˳ȥˡ
˵òһ£ơ˾߸磬㽭ĴңҲͬѾ˺ܳһʱ䡣

ص򿪵ԣԲ̳һ
ҾȻߵȻڶԽһشûжǣȻִ˲ˡ
Ȼڴ꽣һͬʱҲӹܶսһ¡
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˵ĺãڹӹûʲôҪȥˡһΣûнһÿȻӹҲδػ51췢顣
ڶûзӦҲûгԤ棬ҹǲҷˡ

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ֻ΢һɻǣΪʲôƾô꽣һԹӹӹǳǣ
Ҫ֪ӹǵԶԶǵġ
ѵӹҲĬǵĹ۵㣿޷Ųҳ
ðɣȻ㹻ţҲ֪ǲܵġ
ʵǻͦϣӹǣܹǵģŸӵ֣ӵȤǡ
ڣһݵɣ⣬ܸоһʲô

ڹӹԵһȺ
⼸죬ԳơҾЩһԲ̳
ǲǣǹƻΪء
ЩһԽǣԽǻӹģȫˡ
ӹһ51ŷϢû繫ҲǲǸ
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Ӧûʲôϵɣٹ֪ˡһζȻһθ֡
ڵʢȫǹӹģҲ͡ҾЩһȫ֪ж
һ񶼲жοķ˿
һķ˿Ǳͺһ֮ѣȻҲܳΪۡ


ҾߵӹԵ͵ԳĬԹۣʱǵҪ
ǣ51ŵĵǳڴ
һ죬תۼ
51š
ȫͤ˵һԵĺӡ
ΪЦ־С˵޽ҷ־ڽ췢µһڡ
һ׬Ǯĺӡ
ֻǣһ֮ǰδֹһڱͤϰЩЦá



ڰ˰ ɾ
һһڱͤϰЦã
ԭ쵽ͤ־ˣ׼һ־ϰһЦǿ
ЩûдЦˣֽӹϰݸǵġЦ㷭˷ְ֮־ϰ壬ƺѰʲôһ㡣
տʼʱϰǲδ⣬ʱĹȥеĿ˶ˡ
һλϰ̲סʵλֵܣǿʲô
֮˴ǰɣ뿴һӹûз飿лϰ壬㡣
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Цˣ˹ӹԺʹ֮⣬кܶġҾҲͬˡЦ
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һȴǿ˹ӹ顣
ã֮ǰӹһֱûлӦҲûзԤ棬Ϊڽ췢ء
ȴ˭֪Ȼһķ顣
Ҿһ㶣漴Щ˷ܣðⱾġ
ܹӹûдӦ뽣һд裬ֻҪ飬ͻᵱͬд衣
֪֪ˣܰսҾԥˡЦ
Ҿˣڴ˵ǿġЦϣйӹʱҲԵú˷ܡ
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ڰ˰ ʵ
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һТ˶ûУҲûΪ
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ԣĹйءֻǿϧϵ׷ʲôĹ£ֻܿԼˡ
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ϧ˰ҸоӹܹɾһЩīɾһΪһġ
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ͷҵĸоҲӦûв˵ĸоҲҲЩɻĵطӹΪʲôҪһǣǵķͷǳʣȻǼõģǳʵǵķͷδЩĩˡ˵ӹǲӦ÷Ĵġ
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ͷ˵Ҳֻֽ͡Сƣ⡶Ѫ׿ɾ˵ѾġİˡӰѡİĹºúôĥԽӹѾǿԤˡ
һϲ࣬Ϊ𣿡
ͷЦȻԼҲΪ𣿡
һǺһЦ˵࣬Ŀ϶ҲŸš

ǿˡѪڶԡѪͬʱҲûǰѡѪ뽣һġİȡ
İҪǣϵĸ·Ϊһİ֡
İȴǱһ֮꣬еõ
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ܵ˵İϻǷǳġ
˵ƪЩģ¹ӹСɣվǼԼĶ
ڽУΪµҲˡ
ÿ˶ʽ̤뽭֮󣬻ᷢһЩʲôĹ£ڴ
ԣǶԡİۣǷǳߵġ
ѡİ롶ѪȣӹµĿɶϿҲضá
ѪеĽɾһİҪݱâ
Ȼֻһ㿴ÿ˵УҲԼĿ
˾áѪҪȡİÿҲΪİȡѪÿ
עһ۲ݵĻ⡣



ڰ˰ 羰֮ǰ
ʥ塣
Ҳ˽һġİӿ͹ֻǷǳģµҲܴ󣬺߼¶
Ѫûнɾɱ治һȡİá
ϾûнɾġѪȷ㲻ж㡣
ǣּǲܳģûнɾѪҲͲСѪˣҲǰӹƷˡ
ֵ¼Բ̳
ʱԲ̳ǳ֡
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Ķǣǿ϶ֻţƣֻǳͷ
ڵãһ˵ǣǵķͷԾߵı̶ûаպãֻ˵뵱ȻˣȫܶǸܡ
ҾǱȫǺѹ
Ĺ۵һĵԣҲһЩͬȴǷԡ
ùӹԳһЩԾȸˡ
ЩıīͰһа˵ˣдʣˣӡ̣ߵıǳǿŶԡ
˭˵ǾͲܳͷˣţˣǾϲɾ֪ɾϵĹ¡
ǻԿ϶ɾڡѪУһǷǳ
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Եһν൱ƯùӹǷ׷ΪƣɵƯ
ҾǣȻܾʹϢģǷ֮ǰӵ˷ܣһֱҪĽ
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ƫƫкܶ˾ϲĸоҪա
ԣΨ²ҵһ֧ߣһ֧ǱߣԲ̳ø߰㡣
Ȼ̳Ҳе۶͡Ѫߡİйء
вФƻ˵飬Ҳͬкۣܶ˵δؾͻȡİ
ֻǣûнһߵ˿ǲ񡰽ҾţƷҲû롶Ѫʲô㡣
ԣǵ飬ϿƺҪȡİϺܶࡣϿʵȻ
һЩǣ֪İȴ֪ǵ顣
ⷽ濴һ͡ҾǵĸߵţҲвСĺô

Բ̳һ˵ԣ档
Ѿ£Ѿˡ
ʥ屳ƵİɽҲСˮ
ڴоȣһ̤ӣͻоˬࡣ
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ԣӵοͣǰȣ٣ԽԽࡣ
ﾰɫ࣬ãоˬѵϺзζԼ׽ûҰζ
ο棬ʥȻһѵѡ
ڴҲôľɫԽԽˡ
ˣŮǵĿԽԽ̣ȿ㡢̿Ϥһ˫˫׻ĴȣֱǰƣľɫȻҪ֮ǰöࡣ
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ֻһ
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ͯѧᡯʲôʱ򣿡ʵûʰ׵ʫЭᣬʲôʱͯѧˣذҲ֮ϡ
55յ58գϵ֮⣬ǻࡢĶͯҡ֣ϵģ֣лˣ˵˾͹ˣͲˡϵܣ𣿡
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ҿɾͷˡ
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һͯǹԵĽգ˻֮⣬кܶĹҶա
ͯѧᡱ˼壬ǻĶͯѧˡ
ֻЩңڻö֪
ԴˣȻܾ˵ҲǺ¡
ھǣǰǽûȥ
ڣлǰȥһˡ



ڰ˰һʮ ͯʱ
ĥһתԵӶȥ
Եǰ֣Ʒ裬С
֣ЦŶҾ˵СӿҪ˰ɡ
΢Ц
ԶԶľͰѸո֣˵Ļڶ߽ҲЦ֣ӹУֲò뿪ء
֣ЦС˵ʲôͷһˣﻹصڣЩˣӦöȥߡ
ֵ֣ԽԽĽ࣬ͷԽԽˡ
ⲻǹ˵ĺȷʵ
֣ࡢϼһЩ򸾣ԽԽˡ
ȻǵԼʳĵԵʡ
֣ࡢԼҲĸоԽԽãԽԽɣԽԽоʱĻ
ˣһ˵ǹЦЦǿ
Цգ֣СӦҪȥɣ
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Ŷʲô
֣ЦЦ˵Щƪͯ񡶹ܡˡСñȣѾ㷺ڹ⣬ŷǱߣ㡣̶ѾԽˣŷ޸һЩͯҵƷǺܲһӦҲ˹μӷᣬܻ
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ͬʱҲ⣬ǰЩƷŷǱߡܹŷ޸УȻ
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ͷڲ֪ҲûйϵʱҲ֪
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51ţĥź53ȥǣĩһ顣

ڶϣƵɽ缯жȥ鲻ϿΣȥ顣
˵룬ɽ缯УڼϸһͣȻᡣ

˯µױ̨ǰĻһױȫûбҪһ
ױҳһɫȿ㣬һɫʱTô
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˵꣬һ£ɫЩߺ죬˵㡭תȥҪҡ
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ɫ죬ֵ˵תȥ
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ת壬۾һɫʱеĽTɫȿ㣬չ¶ɣֱ޳˫ȣ롣
ÿ𣿡ʵ
ٺһЦ˵ǺÿǺÿ֪ʲôݴˡ
һۣ˵߰ɡ
ͷһѧУš

һСʱ֮ˣڴϪˮߡ
Խǵ죬Ϫˮߵο;Խࡣ
ϪˮⱻҶֻǵһЩߣȣǳƯ
ˮϵĹߣˮ¸ټˮķ⣬ͬӨ͸ˮһ㣬˳
Ϫˮˮ͸ʱʱ磬µˮĿ
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ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪˭˵·Ҫҵ豸һ׸衣Ȼĳˡ
˵˾оǳʧһ̫̾źˣȾ֮ǿһ׸裬ǾȻ֪
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׸ĪĹϵȴҲ֪
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һ㶣Ԭָĵ濴ȥΧҲԬҲŵ濴ȥ
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Ϊһ÷۱дɵ֣һס·͸ңԸܹϧߵ



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ʱڿʼ಻2000꣬ҹŴΰͶͺǻ۵ĽᾧһֱĴ澴η
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Щ¾ٺĵضΣפгǵΰ̾ǽļ˾˵ǻۺΰ漣֮һ

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55š
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ǿ϶ǹϵҹͯѧ⣬Ȼѡ񣬡ͯѧΪˡ


ĳԱǷǳԾķ˿Ǹ磬ڡԱ˵ֱֲȥ
ܲ˵ͯѧӣƾʲôҪ֮Ļɡ
ԣζͯѧϢһķ˿ͱˡ
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ˣһϣܹãͯѧ֣ܶعЩˣӴԺҪôɪ

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ͬʱƪͯͶͯѧĲƷҲͨʵʽͬС
ʱ򣬽һרҵţÿһƷ
ŽڳģʮҵרҵʿɣҵĶͯѧѧңͯѧۼҵȡ
ݣųԱԼߴǵۣۺ
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Ҵڵ򣬰˵ǿɲһ֮ǰڻϿ˿ǶڴţܹѡûѧΪáңǻţѡûѧҲһӮͷ϶ǲԸ⣬ûʧġ
ķֵ⻰ԣЩѲֻǻĶͯѧûзչǾúûӣǲŻţܹһѧƷӮδͷʵҲ֪ǲܵġԣѡûѧΪãҲǻġ
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ڰ˰ʮ ƷȨʽ
һֱû˵ȵķɭ˵ĲˣŵЦѡʲôãʵѾȷˡȻķиɭôȤ֪ǸҲ޷һʼҾ;ѡѧΪã뼪ķǡ
Ȼѡ˻ѧΪãҲûа취飬ӲͷƤҲϰһ뵽
һʼ;ˣǻŲŹ֡ķ֡ɭͬʱЦһǲŲһʼ;ء
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һ˷ܣλ֮ĿҲˣչ١
󣬼ķЦȻѾˣ϶Ѿˣֲÿʼʱ˵ҹĻѧûоֵءӦ˵ǡ
ɭҲЦȻѡûѧôʱҪʵ淢۵ģ漰˰Ȩ⡣䵽ʱ鷳ڸгڳھͰѰȨһ̸áأ
ͷȻԡ
ķҲɭãҪĸλЩѡóƪͯͻѧãӦöǾͶѰȨһ̸ðɡڲڳǣýбֻܵʱ̸Ȩˡ
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ڰ˰ʮ ֻԺ̸
ڽ֮󣬰عº̳ľգԼ༸ҳĸˣҲ׷ױʾĻѧƷһķмֵҲԸΪ棬ǵĹڷС
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ͷһȥҼķ̸صİȨˡ



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٣˼Ҳǻװ˵һѡѧΪѹʹˡˣҪѡΪѾװ¸߶ȣҸ˫֡
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⵹Ҳǣϧˡ

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Ȼϣ˵ȴһ
̫ˣȻѡ˻ѧҾ֪ҲóѧڴĴ
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һΣһһǳʵĻѧƷΪǻĶͯѧӡѽںڴü
Щ羹ȻҲӣ̫ˣͣǾ㡣




ڰ˰ʮ СŮ뻳
˵ˣԵ÷ǳ˷쳣಻ٵˣЩԾ
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֮ǰܹûѧƷΪҹĶͯѧӡѡ˻ѧЩˡ˵ƷԶʲôķƷҹĶͯѧ磬᲻֮ǰ
ȷᡣͻȻҲûˣϾһΣԻѧĳԣȷʧܵĿܵġ

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ݷý֮󣬳Сַǵһ˵Ϊ˸лһ׸裬ԬͳعںãԷ
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һӭ׷˵ſ֮۾ɫ
ͬ΢Ц˿һͬʱ֮ǰʢ׶˵ĻҲ˵һ顣
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ǵȫԼģȻҲϵʥˡ

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ʣµļ֣һŬԼһ¼￴
ߡ֮¼Ŵ򿪣״˳ԵûǱȽƽʣµļֵͷ˵һλ롣
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ЦЦֵ֪Ҷ֪𰸣Ҿֱ˵ˣΪ֮Уʺϳ׸ףҷǳ⡣ԣ·һ׸ݳȨұȨˡȻⲢ˵༸λֱȲףʺݳһ׸衣
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ڰ˰ʮ г
ħʯǹϵС˵ĵһ
Ҫˣ׸ĸ˫Ĺ¶أյħѧУִĵ룬ǰȥѧУѧϰħ֮һϵա
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22ֿźܶ࣬ڵ٣ȫֵĻҲʮСʱ¡
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ǳˣǽһδ˲ϲƷ
Ҫԭһ뿴һüķɭԵõĶͯѧʲô
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ԣ췢еĲѧƷȫضγ
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ϻƣ˵ĳƷɵЭ飬Ȼ8ٷֵķֳɣ
ͷӦôˡ漴Цһǳĳ紿ɵ֪ٶాȥ;Բø8ٷֳֵɵĸ߼ۡ
ǵй¶ȥǲϣбĳȥȴ˭֪ĳȲľ˹ȥ⵹ʧˡ
ٴЦһ˵޷8ٷֵķֳɣĳ粻áȻĲƷдãһɷϣҲԸԭ򡣵۸϶ܸˣ򣬱˵׬Ǯܱ֤
Ҳϴκġ־óĳжϳʧΪܳʲôƷܹô׬Ǯ
ǵ͵ֻƷܹһ־Ʒֻǳƪͯ˵8ٷֵ㣬1011ҲԸϧһǻѧƷŰɣȽ켪ķǵƷ֮󣬴ҿ֮˶ԱȣֻĻѧƷʧ֮ǰԤĻ͡
۾һֵ˵ĳǻ᲻ڣ
˭֪أˣʲôȾƣ
ãȾƣ

ռ䡷ĲƷڻϢҲܿ촫˼ķضᡢλߵĶС
λ޲Ե÷ǳ˷ܣǵƷڻˣҪѻѧƷгҪһ
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ڣ֮ǰƷڻɾǸһ˵˴ܴƷĸ
һ˷ܵ顣



ڰ˰ʮһ ̬ı仯
ʱ䣬ǹעζͯѧˣԽ췢۵ĲѧƷǳע
ЩûȥˣҲʱʱ̶̿ϵ֪ϣ϶࣬ԼѧƷۡ
ʵȻҲˡ
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˷ҵĴͷ£Ĵˣڽȥ꣬һѧƷ
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ҲΪˣҪ봴ĻѧƷĿԣñ֮ǰСˡ
Ϊһδѧͯ˵״εĴУװ߻Ϊһ̸ʹôƷͯͯѧǻѧЦ󷽡
ҲһڽжεĳԴ֮󣬲пܴģĻѧƷ
ʱ䣬Ȼ
ԣ˳Աǰ˷ܡ
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ϣǿ϶һ˵ǡ
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˵ûҽҲһҲƷԶˡһαĵһöˡ
Եĵһһֱǵһָӵˡ
ھͿʼ׼ףɣӮˡ
ǣǾĵȴţǵĺϢɡ

ڡ˳Ա˷ܣһȳΪϵ
ķ˿ǰżȴûʲôõĽİ취
ܱܲڡΣաĿԺܴ󡱣Ļѧⲻ١Ĺ۵ɡ
һս֮Уķ˿һֱڱλǸеǳı
ڻвٵѣûбûЩ˵ļȾ
ҲЩһＤĻѧƷôģ
˭֪أҽ쿴ˡռ䡷֮󣬷ԽԽûˡ
Ҳǣоѧı﷽ʽͯкܴĲͬһδѧдõĵطʵҲ
˵춼18ˣĻѧƷӦò඼Ҫ˰ɣǲ֪ô
Ľֹ22ţʱȷӦÿҪˡȻˣǾ͵ȵ28ٿɣ۵ٶҲãҲܸȥ
˵ҲǣϣܹٴθһϲɡϾǾϲ
ǴҶҵֵǲҪ̫ߣõʱʧ

ڽ졶ռ䡷ĲѧƷķۣһڻǣˣʲôĻѧ
ҵ̬Ҳ֮һЩı䣬˳Ա˷ܣķ˿ǸӵǣͨǸӵĲš
̬ı仯Ȼһʱ䡣

ʥ壬Եǰ
֣ཫһռ䡷£ֻѧƷȷԷḻͯѧĶԣʹһ꣬ЩǿҹȷӦð÷չˡ
ͷĳ˵ѧ˵ͯһͻƣȻŷǳҪ塣һεĶͯѧǷչѧһ
֣ͷҹĶͯѧߣߣλӴѧҹĻѧң㣬ͣð
ЦЦ˵ӦõĿԤģȱңֻţܹõƷ
֣һҪ˳һǰᡣ
βƷĻѧҪ㹻㣬㹻Ӱ죬ҹĶͯѧǣԼĶǿԼĻѧƷȱ˲
֣ЦСƺš
ͬЦʲôʱҲŹ
ֵ֣ǲҪġ
ͷȻСʹ괬
֣ࣺ




ڰ˰ʮ ׽֪
Ϸ׷ţʱȴȻһһĹ
һתۣ522һ졣
ǽĽֹڣġħʯİ棬Ѿꡣ
İĸȫ֮ѾŵָͶ䡣
ŵʱ칫ص㣬ڻľǣϴβμӽʮҵרҵԱɡ
Ͷֹ֮űг壬ҪǶԳƪͯͻѧƷĳ
֮󣬱ļĳУ֮ɳɳǰ528ͬ۵׼
İĸ͵ָͶ䣬汾ĸʱȵҪʱʹá
һҵĲҶڽ죬ԼĲƷ͵ָͶ䡣
ǣϴβμӽʮ֮⣬ҲһЩϴûвμӷĹҡ
ҵǣһεĴǳӣýҲʮֵĹע
Ͷ֮󣬶ڸλ˵㲻ڿǴ£ֻҪĵĵ28죬ƷǼ棬ԼȽˡ

ڴй䣬֪Щ˵Ľڲ֪УѾΪ˴ɡ
֪˵ĽȻЩˣǶ֪ȴᣬܺǸϲ
Ϊ׽֪ܺϲɵ֮һ
ӵļʮܺӣڴ׽֪׽Ĳֺ
һԿҲ£׽֪ˣҲСʱϲɵ֮һ
ֻοͣ¸ߡ
ǻ϶ڳ׽֪˵ĳ棬ѿڿȻ²
Щܺ׽֪˵ķʽȻСʱһ
Ǳ׼һ׳ϸͣȻһƬһң60ҵһԲΣٰɵԲΣϸ͵һͷ
һ׵׽֪˵Ĺ߱ˡ
ȻʣµҪһǱѰҵ㹻֩֩˿ŪɵԲϣʹ䲼ԲΡ
Ĵ󹦸ɣȥ׽֪ˡ
ֻҪѲ֩˿ԲΣ֪˱һ֪˱ᱻ֩˿ճסԹԵ־ܡ
֪˵ķӦַĳɹʺܸߣֻҪܹŵĵط֪˻ܲˡ
ĹҲ׽ѣֻѵķӦ̫ɹʺܵ͡

֪ܺȤһЩοǵĺҲԾԾԣ
οǼԼĺӣԾԾԵģһⲻһԼĺӣܻĺû
ȫԴԼĺӣһ֪˵ĹߣȻһ֪ˣȤֿ뺢ӵĸ飬ֱǴ°
ٵοĶˣ׷򸽽ܺӴϸ֩͡
ǡñ·ܿοǵ˼һЦ⵹Ǹ⣬㺢ǵȤ뺢ӵĸ飬Զֵνһٶá
գǰܺ˵Сһ񡣡
񣿡Сܺһ񣬲գ۾ǳ˷ܵ˵磬ʲô˵ұ֤ɡ
ĵͷ˵㸺ǼһȥһЩõͺҵ֮õһЩ
õģ磬֪ˣȥһ˵һкͬ飬ϲصܿˡ
֮ܿο͹Цׯллˡ᲻鷳ոЩСһˣ
ͬһЦ˵ᣬϲɵľЩ飬˷أܱȴǸɵû
οһ룬Ҳȷô£ֵǻǵúúøлһЩСһ֪˵ҲȷȤýҶ̲סҪһԣ˵Сһˡ
Сһʮ꣬ǸͷԵкӣŰְֵ֣ڰְЩ
СһЩ
ο͵ȷԲžתһת塣
Сһ̧ͷ˵ã
Цԣһ棬òã
Сһ۾һԥƬ̣˵áȻ̧ͷԼİְ֣ƺҪһְͬⲻͬ⣿Ե÷ǳɰ
οҲЦлл塣
ʱ򣬸вٵοͿߵ㶼Ŀ˹
˵Цºܸߡ
һ֮һȺܺӱͺˡ
кܺǰѶ£Ͳϰٸ
Цٺٵ˵磬Щˣ㿴Щ
ӵԴЦ˵ţɵòٴȥ֩
գ硣æֱͷ



ڰ˰ʮ ţѾ
ӺһȺܺǣ֪˵ĹõĲϣϸͺ˹㹻ࡣ
οǷ׷һȺܺǵлܺǵ󣬿ȴѧŴ˵Ŀǣ˵ԾһЩŤ
֮кӵοǣ²ĴԼĺӣʼ֪˵Ĺߣǳ򵥣һӾá
οǵĺȴԵ÷ǳ˷ܣСеģǵĺ˵ġ
οǼ˸ˣҲǸ泩
ЩûкӵοֻͣվһԿ֣ǰֵĳ֮Ҳ̲סЩ
󣬸ɴҲҲһ֪ˣһЩǵĿ֡
ܿ죬ֳʮ˶ԼĹߣϻȥĸߡ
ʣµЩûõͺô죿
ĥһ£ɴרŪһ߼ܷͺڹ߼ϡ
ԺοҲһ£֪˵ȤĻֱڹ߼ϣȡͺԼ֪ùߡ
ȹʹ֮ο߲𿪣ͺ·Żع߼ϣظεʹá
գѸո룬οһ˵ο׷׽кãʾһ⣬֮󣬾ԻͺŻԭλ
ȻοǣóֻӴһ绰÷Ӱ֣ѹ߼ܵʵֻһطڴ֪ڷż䡣
绰֮öܺǣȥѰ֩
һ˺ƺƵģģΪСҲȺС
֩ǵУ֩ĵط١
û̫ʱ䣬οеĹߣҪһɵԲΣŪ֩
Ȥ֪ˡ
֪һȽϲͩϡ
ͽ־ܹĵطҲֱץɹҲȽϸߡ
ֻǣ֪˶صλãһ㶼ͽֹĵطҲΪʲôҪѡ׳͵ԭ
⣬Ҫһ֪˻УѰ֪ȴУҪֻܿˡ
һùߣĴѰ֪˵ټο͵ĺǣסһֻ֪˵ʱ˷ܵĴСУֱ
óǴĸеˡ˷ܡ
οǸܵԼӵ˷ܣԼҲǳοˡ
ܵǵĸȾһȺҲ¸߰뺢һòֺ

ʱ佥ںǵ֮Уοȥ
뿪֮ǰοǽԼõĹ߲𿪣ȻͺŻ˹߼
ڽļʱУ׽֪˳Ϊοͺͺǣϲ֮һ
Ȼοô׽֪֮ˣȻûû˵вͣ
ʱҲ֪˵Уһһȥһתۣ27һ졣
죬һδвƷǼʱˡ
δĻѧƷۣ滺˼֮󣬵˽죬ֱϵĽ֮һ
ķ˿ǡ˳ԱֻͨѣĻѧƷǳע
ֻͬˣŲͬ˼ˡ
ôãڿԿĻѧˡѽһǳľʣڸоڴü
ÿ֪Ʒһõġڻһ룬Ӧףɣ

ЩȻԡ˵ĳԱǵȷǳڴǳ
ֻڴǣƷεЦ󷽣
ڹͨ˵ڵ飬ڴ档
ھҪˣĻѧƷҲҪҿصɴˡȻҲ̫ϣڷǳڴ
ȷȻûףЩַǳڴ
ʵɣ֮Ի˵ڴΪĵϣܹϲ
ڴҲãҲգ춼ȥһɣ֮Ҳ˴𰸡
Ȼ˵ЩϲĶˣҲһһ
ٺ٣Ȼô˻ȥҾʱȥˡ·Ͽһҵķ˵þȥ򣬷Ļǻˡ

鲻ϣʱ528һ졣
峿껹ûпţٵǰѾΧ˲ٵˡ
Щ˶ͬһĿģڲĻѧƷ
ȻҵĿĶһȻҲŹͬԡ
ͨһ̸֮󣬴ҷֱ˴˵̬࣬Ǳǲ̫ϣûףͬʱֺܲģϣܹϲ
ڴҵĽ̸֮УţѾĵĴˡ



ڰ˰ʮ 
˼Ѿ򿪣۾ͬʱһȴǸӵڴ
ԣһ˱㶼ֹͣ˽̸һ߽֮С
սţһȲʵϰ壬ڲĻѧƷӦаɣ
ϰһ30ӣոտŵʱ򣬼ԶΧһȺˣ²ЩˣӦΪ
ڿԼĲ²ȻûЦȻеģֱߵչ̨ϱǡ
͵ģ͵֮ϰҹһ꣬רһչ̨ڷšΪıǽһţֱӿʼ
ڵϰ׼ȻǷǳбҪġ
Ȼڴˣ鲢ţϰȴô
ȻţӦҲ١
ȻҲֹ̫ۣԣϰһԱص3000ᡣ
ϰĹƣ3000꣬Ӧûġ
Ķߴ20ˣϰ˵չ̨ȫϣұ߿ȥ
һεƷУһ׿һʵֱӷۣһ֮⡣
һΣƷֶֻ֪֪ڶͯѧ
ԣڹһԪأڶǵﶼǾϲ
̫õĶߣһоƺȽϺ񣬿Ӧò١
ڶоĻȽλãٺɫɫ
õĶߣȴֱӰ˳ħʯ
֮󣬲õĶߣ񲻺õĶߣȫ첽չ̨ȥ
ܿ죬չ̨ķȫΧ˶ߡչ̨ϣȫⲿħʯ顣
ϸ۲һ·棬廭ƫλãٺɫɫΪĴһէ֮£Щк
кʮӣݱȽݣһɫԲ۾ͷǺɫģЩң۾ȴǴɫģȥЩ졣
ǣкȻһɨ֮ϣǴһطе״̬
кϷħʯ
˴ŷ棬Сš
ءƺһ˵֣ӦþˣҲӦþǷϵкСһɨڿУô
б˵һεƷΪڿȷˡء֣Լ⺢ӵݣԪء
ţȷĸҰһսԵΪˡ֡ڣļķڵɪҹƣһκпܣΪġ
ȷпܣǲ֪һƷ᲻֡͡һѸҰһСӵġСӡ仨ˮ
ڻ˵ѡΪƷʵзյġӮǼķȻǷޣˣҪĶ߳Цֹˡ
֮ǰȷܵģڿķ֮󣬾ȻĪĸоһҪһϲˡ
ҲҲͬĸоͻȻ񲻵ģҲˡ
һ˵ҺҲָоҲĪħɣ
ûħҲ֪ħȴġ
ħʲôħ
Ҳô϶ŷ濴鿴һ鰡

һﾪϲˣЩһֱŷ濴ˣûʱ￴ģȿһļ
ǣǼæļλá
ţȷǼ飬ǳġ򡱡
һĹʧȥ˸ĸңżʹӡ
һֱʮһ죬һ˲ŷ˸ı䣬յһصţȥһִħѧУĵط
ﵽħҵѣѧħŷɨ򡮿桯һֶ˶õһ£ú졣
һصħʯˣϵںδħħʯ
縺ˣħʯܷħΡ
鲻ܿͿˣһڶߵģȴǡͨͨһ
Ҳ
ħѧУѧϰħ
ɨ㣿ǷСŵ֣
صħʯ
£
ħɽɫţƵӡ
СҪȥħʯҪħս
֮ĶǲˣᵽЩŷǳ
ҺѾⱾˡ
ԭΪָ꿴Ķ˵ûʲôҽ飬ҲֻΪڣҸоһǿҵĶ
ĻѧƷôڻ˵飬ȷǳˡ




ڰ˰ʮ ˺Ƶķ
һڶȫ飬סˣǺһģʼĶĳ嶯
֪꣬ǲһֱ￴顣
ˣȥʱɡ
Ҷ鷭濴˿۸񣬵ۣ22Ԫ
ţ۸񲢲
ԣǿҪĶĳ嶯Ǯˡ
ڽ֮ǰڣǹȻȫģҲôˡ
ݣܵǺпܻ֮ǰ֡Сӡľ档
пܻ
һڶ߼ڴ
ոϰ壬ϵĵһ˿ȫȥ֮󣬰ֹҽʱͳȥʱԱȣƺܴ󰡣ѵһβҿõ飬ʲôɣ
ںĵʹ֮£ϰҲȥչ̨һħʯ׼һ
ں֮󣬾뿪ˣ鷭
֮ϰ˼һڽ֮ʱΪʲôôˡ
ܿ죬ϰֺȻһĴȣһ⡱Ȼоһ飬ƺЩˡ

һֻȫһӰ
ڽ죬໳Ųͬ˼ˣ׷߽꣬ΪĶһ顣
˵ķңҲ߽һꡣ
ҵĵطвٵ˶Կ໥֮ƺڵۡ
˼һɫߵЩ˵֮˵ԱߣҪһҶ˵Щʲô
ϣģȻ˶ʧͲǱӺͳЦ
ܸܵһĿС
ǣȴġ
ۣħѧУо˵ӡ
ڸоⱾǳĺÿ֮ǰЩģǰ׵һˡ
ӣһΣҪһϲĽࡣ

˵ĻеĹؼʶǣϲǳڴ֮ǰ׵һ֮ġ
һͻͻȻһֲõԤУֻأԲţôܣôܻۣӦʧ̾𣿡
ԭǳңͻȻĪķ꣬ԼԷһ˼ûˡ
Ȼֻ˺һһֽ˺ҵĶУҲ˸˵ĶС
ŤͷĵطȥȻȫҵУֳһ˿֮ɫ
ҲоƺǴԼϴģͷһһ㺰һղݡ
ֻŵһħʯķ棬Ѿ˺һӡ
ⱾڿȺʱװӵġ
ȻոĪ֮ʱȴﻹһ飬ֻǸож˫һͳⷬģ
ܵеĲ죬ҺܲȻЦЦ˵һ⣬ҽⱾģҾⱾˡ
˵꣬ȥ˵ɫⱾ˺˷飬Ҵ̨ԱɵĿУˡ
̲߳סһ䣬ô
ȻֵͷѾ˺÷飬һ䣬أӲأ
Ȼ󡰻£ȫһţ·ߵͰ
Ǵһ𶪽ȥģ룬
ûȥԿһ˵һոЩˣķ˿Ȿ΢ȥһƬäĿĿޡ
ʵⱾͲô
ңǻҲǿһ飬һˣһֶأ
ѼôˣȥƸܸߣľݣȴûʲôϵֻ˵ȫûм
ôⱾ
ңĲ֮󣬻ӻöʧӣ
ΪǻΪüƭǵĸ顣
һǿǱ֮ǰ
ҵ۾ԽԽԽԽֿԺܴʱֺ˲٣ؼȥˡ

ȥ꣬һڷ˿ǣȻҲȥꡣ
ȥ󣬵Ҳһͬ£ǱĵȥĶǹۡ
Ҳࡣ
Ȼǵ飬ȴȫ෴
˷ܡ̲סҪЦ
ֻķͼ飬öǾϲڴҪǿȫ֮󣬻᲻Ҳ֮ǰġ֡һޣ
ƺǿԤġ
ڻ᲻֣ȫ
˿˿ģ˭Ȼļ飬ǾͱľݣΧżչģֻȼӵľʣˣ



ڰ˰ʮ 
μӶͯѧƷħʯڽ죬ʽ뻪ĶǼ档
ĳ粻Ը棬ԣħʯʱֻڻڳ淢ۡ
죬вٵ˶꣬ˡħʯˣȴʱûйĴ㡣
ҪЩˣ֮پҪҪȥ
ԣ졶ħʯȫص10ᣬȻҲãֻ˵ȥ
ܶ˵ѾԻϲصףˣ˵Ȼ̫ˡ
ԣкܶĳ磬졶ħʯʱ޲ԵúЩֻ
УֻȻ硣
Ʊ졣
Ц10ȻԤԺãҲֻԺãһΣĳˡ
ͬЦһ10ᣬΪкܶ˳ӶȥЩѾȥòˣȻһء
ֵȽЩ˿֮ٷһЩֻۣӰҴƲʲôţħʯᳬ50ᡣ
Цһ˵50᣿ҿ40ᶼѡ
ͷţȷҪҪȥһҲΪ˼㹱
ڰ֣˵ãȻҪȥһģڣûǸҪˡ
ͷʾͬ⡣

עƷˣԶԶֹˣعȹĶͯѧǣԼϴνĳҲʮֵĹע

ķɣ³Ľãʱܲ
ķЦãĲƷѾڻۣʲôħʯȷΪò˵ðաã㲻ŪһƣĲ׼ˣ
ͬЦķڻһ10ᣬ٣ҹ1000ᶼˡҪȨѣҵǿԸ棬ӦòҪ10ٷֵķֳɣǲܵġ
ķҵŪһӦþͻᵽˣڿ˵ǵĻѧûжоֵ٣ҵǺȤһдĶʲôӵģǱǻİġãǳӦܹɣǷһ¡
õҺңķЩطȽϸѶܹͬﲻͬ˼Ƿģܲȫ׼ȷ
ķлл㣬ãһҪȫ׼ȷܹ׾С
õû⣬ķңһڵһʱ䰲ŷԱ㷭롣
ķлл㣬á
õķô

ع
ɭº̳ľգҲͬڶԻ
Իݣ뼪ķͽҲࡣ
ɭͬڻŪһħʯľյĵº̳æ롣
ȻɭóѧһҲԻѧȴͬ뿴һĻѧô
⣬İҲͬ飬ҲҪ֪Ļѧô

ĲƷڽ췢ۣ췢۵ĲƷֻһ˵ġ
ԻѧһУļķضᣬԼع
ķضᡢ˵ĲѧƷȫڶͬУδУ֪ߵĲѧƷ
ġħʯȻڻ֪Ⱥܸߣȴûʲô֪ȡ

Ȼ໹һЩҲԻѧӰޣҲ϶ڱڷУĶ߻϶֪
ֻеŸյʱ򣬸ĶߣԼҵЭϣԼ˶ѡ
ƪͯĲƷҲѧ֪࣬ߵļҵĲƷڶ֮ͬ⣬ʣµļֻԼĹڷС
ڶƪͯͯʫ衢ͯɢ˵Ͳˡ
ΪöΪֵġ
ҵЭٷվͨӦĴͨ
вҵвƷڴͨ￴
ͨƪͯͯʫ衢ͯɢãеĲƷȫűкãԭİ棬Ҳİ棬ǿɸѡĶ
õĲƷҲԶȳƪͯͻѧҪĶࡣ
ҲͬҪҵö࣬ȴҪôʱ
Ӧ˵߸ȱ㡣
ʲôõĲƷڶѾ䶨ҲѾǼ档
ʣµģֻҪȴյı



ڰ˰ʮ ڽûȥ
˵ķңصҼУɳһˣóǱ˺˷ġħʯȻѡһƣʼġ
տʼʱڴϣţһῴһìܿЦǶǵ顣
ɿſţоЩԾˣ鲻ģЦ
ҾȻĪĿȥˣѵ¡Ӿķ֮վ̨ʼó̡꣬Ȼһ飬˹
ȻҿʼЩ񣬵ֲֳʡŭΪӵ
Ҫ˵˹أʮһĺӣյԻִħѧУ󣬵һִħѧУгǰִħѧУĹ¡
Ӵˣرʵ磬뵽һħ統С
ͬƽлཻǵ͵ĻѧƷ
Щ벻ͨΪʲô״νлѧĴܹһжô
ֻǹºÿôһ˵ġħʯֻŻѧ£ʵһͯ
ڣҵ뷨Ȼˡ
飬ָӵٴα÷ҲԽԽᡣ
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Ȼ˲һȥ⵽ͯǻѧֻҪÿˡ
ʵϣͯͻѧкܶ๲ͬ㣬ЩʱͯҲǻѧȥ
ͯҲãѧҲգҪĶǹҪʣ񡶹ħʯһ
һ죬ȴûжۡħʯ
ЩڹеˣеЩ֡
ΪʲôûжۣѵƷĲУ
ҲӦðƷĲУЩĺڷӦ˲Ŷԡ
ڵȻҲһЩڷ۵Ȼûʲô
ҵ֣ΪǺһطǱһε飬ͨصʽģֱӷеʵ飬20֣ҿùأϽۣ
ֱϣ˲ͣ
󣬲˶ĸпʵ鿴ù񫣬һԾͿԿ꣬׷أֱ׷ֱš
ȻȻҶ飬˶ȫˣÿ˿Ľȶһ˷ܡȴһġ
ǣ˲ˡ
ħʯЩ˿ˣ˵̫ÿˣ˶ˡ
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û뵽һͯѧƷȻܹԳˣ
ҸоⱾģӦЩŵʮߵĺӡȻԳ˵ȷҲС

ڱˣЩһֱڹȴˣ۾һһˡ
ǣҲûԾ
ôÿҪ˵ʲô
ٺ٣ħѧУ֪רŽѧѧϰħġ
ħѧУҲźţƵӡ
СӾһħţǼص£Ӧϵİɣ
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صĸĸħţħҲǲֹ֪ܲħħʯ
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ǹһ׹ǿʦҪħʯ
ȻɹֹˣħʯҲѾ˲Уˡ¸оûнӡ
ǰɣ20ֵĳƪûн
ҲѾѡħʯˣоȷûнħҲûбɱȻǱĳ䣬ʱпٴγΪҲ²ⲻĻӦûеڶ
ûҲоӦûеڶ
Ҳ̫ˬ˰һÿǵڶָӾʡ

ϣڡħʯݱЩȴˣʱЩˡ
Ϊȫ岻ϻֻ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ˼۵֡
ֻвϵʣȻ˼һشһ֮˵ȥˣֻܼ±ơ
ǺڲѣҹӰƷʲôʱʧ
ڵһ飬ǽûȥһħʯ
ͬʱҲ˾һȥ꣬һ



ڰ˰ʮ Υг
529գħʯȫеڶ졣
ϰ嵹ҲȽ⡣
ϰǶڽӦǲ̫ġ
Ϊճ˵һķУһߵģԽÿ𲽼١
֮˵ķӦԼԼ֮ĸоֶԽʮڴ
ΪӦñòŶԡ
ʵҲûйϰǵڴ
ϣϰڿŵʱ򣬿ΧΧŵˣԱ࣬ʱеˡ
ʽӪҵ֮½½ˣǱȶҪ١
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ܶΪҪûȥˣڽȲȥһ
صУںƣȲķ
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ǰˣҲڿԼ뵽Щ۾Ķˣ·ϱøӵ֡
ĽӰ˸ˡ
һЩ֮ǰעδˣҲ֪ַһ飬֮ǰδйĻѧƷʲôħʯ
˵ϲܶĳˣ÷ǳԡ
ǣֶһ򡶹ħʯ¹˿͡
Щ¹˿Ϳ֮󣬾ùȻǣӰһµĹ˿ͣǰȥ깺
ڹӲõĿڱ֮£ħʯԽԽҲӰԽԽˡ
Ȼе˿ˡħʯ֮󣬶úÿ
Ҳвٵ˿֮һ㣬ǿҲʺϺǿ
⵱ȻҲʵħʯҪĶȺ壬Ǿʮͯ
Ʒıʲôģȷ㲻жãҪΪչ˺ǣúԼܹ
һЩ˲ϲҲͲΪˡ
Щʮĺ˵ǻϾȫͨɱŮ֮󣬾ûвϲġ

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ﵽ֣Եǰ
֣ϼˣڴС԰
֣Ȥʵ˵졶ħʯҪߵĶࣿ
ٺһЦ˵֣ϵϢͨߣǺ
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ҵļƻ߲ɡ
߲֣һ˵ÿһôࣿ
ͷһٵģ漸Ӧø࣬Ԥ300ҡ
300֣֣ĴһһͯѧƷ300֣Եǰ޹ˣҲûߡ
Сܸ㰡ؼǺĹ£ܱ֤һôô
ܣǲǰװ׻һ䣿
֣ĿһۣɫҪдôࣿ
ЦЦ˵֣ϣ˼ģĹֻԽԽʣҲԽԽ䡣
֣ϸĿһۣȻˬһЦֱ˵СӦòֻڹڳɣ׼ʲôʱȥϵЩ磿
ٺٵȥϵò˼죬ҵĳǣͻܵǴȿֺҪȨ
𣿡֣СӾô϶
һЦ˵ĻӦ˰ɡ
֣ݸֵôСΪⲿƷյж٣
룬˵ܹҲ塢ڲɡȻҪ̵ʱ䡣
࣬٣塢ڲ᣿Сӵ밡֣ȻʧЦȻΪ˵Ц
֪֣಻ţҲ͡ȻˣҲû˻š
塢ڲᣬʲôпȫУҲֲ̫һɡ

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ϰϲЦտ졶ħʯԤĻҪã췭ı
ҪǣҲҪǲˡ
ϰǸˣĳȻ˷ܣݽͳƣȫءħʯߴ38ᣬ㷭˽ı
ȫض绰ʾҪӶħʯ
ҶԹЦľߣȻǷǳȷġ

ħʯڽ38ϢҲѸٴ˹ڵĸ硣
ʹøĿ࣬ʲô
ֻ10ᣬô38᣿ǳΥгɰ



ڰ˰ʮ һǳÿ
ĽּʣЩޣ硣
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38ᣬͳƳ˰ɣ
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һ10ᣬڶ38ᣬһСɣӦ3.8Ŷ԰ɡ
컹˵ħʯͻ40ᣬŵڶʹﵽ48ᣬٶҲ̫˵ɡ
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գģϺܻ߸ߵģгô󣬽ǹĸ߷ˣֻص֮ÿһ춼͵ģгĹɡƻһгɱѾ˼ˣһ٣ٶĽƻ
ҵͷгɲһֱƻġ⣬ķضᡢһεĲƷҲУķġеĹȡۻѾﵽ16ᣬһ9ᣬ7ᡣҲΪһЩ롣
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˵꣬˶һۣȻһЦ


ķһεĲƷеĹȡڶۻѾ100ᣬ鱾Ƿǳõġ
ǣӻģħʯڶ38Ϣüķĺʱɢ١
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һ˵ħʯԶġеĹȡķ㲻ڿЦ
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ٶȱҪ죬ҪĳҲӼĻɣ³ܲ£ħʯĶҳȨͲ˵ˡ
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Ȼץʱ䣬ͷ



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ɣ³Ľһعº̳ľգҲˡħʯľ޴гֵ
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ɭڿħʯʱ𾪲ļķС
ȻóѧͯѧһУɭȻܹ׼ȷжϳħʯгֵ
ɭǻġħʯѾôͬΪعͯҵĶ߶ʵ
ɭҡҡͷ˵ǳźǻǵ͹ʵķĲƷеĹȡֻӻѧĵڶˡ
߶һ˵ȡеĹȡã
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˵꣬ɭݸ߶һģûз顣
߶д⣬˲ûоܾӹɭݹ飬ķ˷Ȼ˵лл㣬ɭд⡣ô˵Ȿǰعг
ɭǿ϶ģȻ˾úܲˬңҪǣⱾ黹ûд꣬Ӧûеڶ
߶ɻɭô֪еڶ
ɭٻеڶ߶㿴֮ҲΪ
߶ĲһϢ


ͯգͬΪͯҵİּ͡
˵֣ġħʯƺЩ򵥡
̾ȻⲻһϢƺȷˡվСˡҵǣǻѧεĴУǵľ֡
յȷҪľǰعĸɭˣ⣬λˣʵҲǳ61һ죬ͽδȽˣϣġ
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յǵøлһ»лûͯƷ
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죬ɽѧУٰףӡ
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Ȼʶĸ֣ӦþǣġԵũׯ֡



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̲סʵĹΪʲô˵ôã
ЦЦ˵ϰҪģǺúõѧϰΪǵũׯԺѹ٣ǻ˵ŷǽ
ԭ˵ͷܿȴһ룬Ժũׯѵũׯ⣬׼Źⷢչ̫ţũׯ
Ȼɻ󣬵֪ȻǿЩʱ
ǣԼ⡣
ȥϢ˵Լϵһϰ塣
˸лһһӣǰϢ

Եǰ
֣ࡢ졣
СѾͷСŮϼڴ԰
˵ţĵ绰óһġ
֮ͨ˵Ե̸ڹ·ϣ˳ǿһǴӵľɫԼũׯֲ߲߲˵ȵȡ
õģ磬֪ˣʹǹ绰Ӧ
Ҷϵ绰Ц֣ϡϣλҪɽӣ
֣ЦСӽӴˣӴԵˡǼҳɣ
ͷǵٶȵͦģԭΪǻҪȼŻ
һûͬıۣڸϵͱǲͬϴεıۣһϸĿռ䡣
ЦЦȻ˼ǼҲġ



ڰ˰ʮ ̸һ

Žáľա˹ˣ֣ԵӶȥ
һ·ϣĴϢɫ˵ɴ۾
ǸոڴڵʱֻȷҪ˵ǻĴӣδ̫һ㡣
ڣǾһҲţ򲻽ʼĽȻܹסôĵط
;У㻹˵ũׯ߲˿˸ǰӶɳ
Ǻγɼ˺ÿ߲ˣ籦ʯ䣬˸ǣЩȫǾϸƷҲһš
Щζ쳣߲ˣʱЩĴԷˡ
˵ζ쳣һʲôζûܹˣֻܹԼȥ롣
Ȼһ룬ȴ˱ʮܡ
һ벻һζ
Խ룬ԽҪƷһζʵܡ
УľܡΪһʳңȻˣѵֵʳջ
ƺо˵˼ճһЦ˼ǰߡ
ԼСʱ֮˵λǰ棬ϾҪˡ
ͬʱһݣڵһʱҴҸΪľһ̣Ըܹǣ˳̸°Ȩ
ԶԶľͿŽ˹߽֮ǰ˼
֣ˣҲվ׼ӭˣǿ
áľա˹ˣͬԶԶľͿͬĻλʷǷˡ
ں󷽵Ĳ԰һӰԼһǳƯɰСŮ
е㷣ֻΪڵĶͯѧϣĳĲƷ
ȻΪֲĿռͻᣬܾǺҲ֮С
ԣ˶Щ㷡
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áľա˹дϲ˼䡣
ڰ֣ʾ˲ˣ֮ߵ֣ࡢǰ˵λһ£λ֣࣬ҲԵӵˡλǸǼСݵˡ
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ǵģľսӿڵڼ۸棬ϴκ۹ľܾˣ10ٷֵķֳɷʽһΣҲٸ۸֮ǰһ£Ѽ۸12ٷֵķֳɡ֪Σ⣬ǻԼ
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һΣԷȷǴ㹻ĳġ
12ٷֵķֳɣʵҲλ
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ȻԷֳˣ۸񻹿Լǵ˼֪۸ʵҲǶԷ۸
ҪǣԷȻҲòǵĿռ䲻ҲûҪˡ
12ٷֵķֳɣɽ˵
áľա˹˾ǴϲͬʱЦ̸һǳ顣



ڰ˰ʮ ׵İ
ǳ̸ɣáľա˹泩ֻ÷ܵľɫ֮ǰ
죬һ֮󣬽˵һһ֮룬Ҫæ
ŶЦЦ˵˵
ľա˹ƶҲɻĿŽãһ·ǲû˵ʲô顣
ЩǸЦЦ˵ģһʮŮ¶ǳϲ飬Ҳ顣ġħʯϲ顣˵Ҫ㣬ǳ˷ܵԼ¼һƵҴ㿴һϣܹõĻظ֪ЩͻҲľܾҵŮֻܹˡȻ㣬Ҳûйϵ
һݣϸĿ˽һۣȻԷһλøס
ЦЦ˵ⲢͻС¶ϲҵ飬ҷǳҡ
ҪȻܾҲܹܾһݣ׵İ
дϲæлл㣬¶һǳ˵ġ
󣬽ôóֻҳһƵݵǰ˵¶Լ¼ƵƵҪ˵Ļ
ͷӹõݹֻƵš
Ƶ̳һСŮӰСŮǳƯһ˫۾ǳϲ
ֻСŮ΢ԵЩɬЦҲЩɬ˵Hi磬ҽ¶ҷǳϲдġħʯϲϲ޶ϲȵȡⱾڻûп꣬һ磬㻹дĹлл硣
ƵȴܹоС¶ķǳϲħʯⱾ顣
ƯС˵ʲôСѾͷ
ո㿪ƵʱСѾͷܵߣֻ¶˵СѾͷ
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ڰ֣ЦôͿʼɡ
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¼ƵСѾͷ̽ͷ̽Եܵߣͷ̾ͳˣСѾͷƯɰ
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ЦЦ˵ؿգ¶Сһ꣬Ը¶еˡ
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˵꣬ľЩȲ˵ո˵ġħʯⱾ飬㻹дü𣿡
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ԣĻش𣬶ڽ˵Ѿ㹻
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һ֮ʱ䣬Ѿ12ˣһ緹
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ڣԷǶȻٲ߲߲ˣȻûлɡ
ԷĵصȻԵ¥
ǣ顢СѾͷ֣ࡢϼϰһˣȻнáľա˹ˣһͬǰԵ¥


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֣ࡢáľա˹Ƶһ죬һߵϲˡ
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ͷʡ
õҪ֪ũׯׯ޵Ĵ˵ôĶ𣿡
Ҳ̫ĴԣʲôӵģԣҲ׼ȷĻش㡣ҵũׯȷʵɼͷȽĳػ
áľա˹ͬʱһϣóϣʵޣǲ֪ûңܹһǣ
Ƭ̵ҵĳǻũׯ֣ǲȥԤǵġҿһΣ͵ʱǸлС¶ҵƷϲ
ϲ˵ǳл㣬ȻҲҪлҵŮ¶
ľա˹ͬ۾ʵϣҲͬǳȤ
Цؿ¶һǳϲĺӡ
ҲЦһȫͬ⣬
˵Ц䣬ԱÿţɫƷ½
ĲѾϰΪáľա˹ȴǵһοʱֵɴ۾
֮ǰڵ߲ƷڿЩģѾ˵Ĳˣһһ̵ģȻҲƷһ㡣
ĲˣҲȥζΣͿţҲһܡ
ңζһˡ
ľշǳ˷ܵ˵̫ƯˣҴûмôƯĲˡҼǵǻһɫɲ͡Ҿ̫вˡ
΢΢һϣ˿˷֮ɫľգԥҪҪôˣɫɲ͡ɲݲ˺ÿġ
ľܹ֪һѾܲˣ˼Ҳȫ㶮ȻЩΪˡ˭ûĲأ
˼Ƭ̣Ǿľա
һ˵ľҷǳ֪ɫɲ͡˵ǣɫɲ͡ݣȻɫģֻһŮˡݲƷÿġ
Ŷһ˵ľյҲΣǺһЦ˵ҺܱǸˣǻĵЩӡ
һ䡰ɫɲ͡ȴһŮˣҲѹľաá˹ˣûĵǷӡ
֣ࡢϼݸЦСѾͷƺЩ¶רĵԼ顣
ǺһЦ˵ľ˹볢һЩ˵ζΣ֪һĲƷɷǵθڣ
ľյʵ˵᲻ȥƻǣʵ̫ÿˡЩȲҪһǵζôǱ㲻ˡ
Ц룡
ľաá˹˵ͷԼһ˷Ž
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һУֻԼζԼȥܡ
ǴûгԵζĲˣҲϻζ
ǻͣʳϰߣЩǳ޴
ǿԾԵĿ϶κһ˳ԵЩˣһ־Եζ
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һ޴ľϲ
ڣľաá˹ˣľգΪһʥ壬ջѾ̸˺ǳԵζʳ
˳ԵԣеĿƺҲԽԽ˳
ܵı飬һЦ⡣
֪ǳ͵ˣҲͬᱻЩ˵ζ²

һٷԵʱĳľաá˹ˣֱʵǳԲȥ֮󣬲źǲķеĿӡ
Цλζɻ⣿
ζʳͬʱ޵
֮ľֵ̫ˣһҪУζʳϢذعÿһع˶֪
õľ˵ûҲҪϢ룬˶ǳȤ
˹ҲҲҪϢصӦ֪Ϣ



ڰ˰ʮ ɼ
һٷꡣ
ڽáľա˹ԭļƻУҪصġڣ˾ٷء
Ѿ̸ɣҲ±Щˡ
磬ǵúúõڴתһת
ԴˣȻǷǳӭԤףܹ졣
֮˱ֿ
áľա˹ȥ棬֣ࡢϼ˻ס
飬СѾͷڴй䡣

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Щעţ˴ζͯѧ˵ҲһҪӡ
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Ȼ֮ԻôڴҪΪڶԣħʯĳɼǳġ
⼸죬Ȿȫضۿ񳱣һһߡ
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оʮߵĺӶϲⱾ飬ܶĳҲͬϲ
ڹصĹµۣҲһֱ⼸ϵĽ֮һ
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˷ܵǣ鿴ߵĳɼԽԽǾϲвĻǣһεĴУȡ˲ĳɼ
ۺϳɼɳΪδӮҡ



ڰ˰ʮ Ǻܲ
ڹעδճɼǣҲͬڹעǶյĳɼҲͬǳġ
ƽʱͯѧƷһЩˣڴսҲͬע

ǵ֪Уڶͯѧһ飬һֱ綥֮С
ڻѧ棬˵һ
ѧҼķضˣŷ޸Ų͵
ȻҲʵ
һεĴ˵ĲǣҪȡõһ̫ס
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ڻѧһ࣬һǰ϶顣
ңԾǼķġеĹȡ
⣬ڶҲĿԣҲǳ
ڻѧžԵš
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ĶƪͯȷӦöƪͯôܵѧˣһ˵һ
Ƕ˵ĻѧƷûзչǻ֮ǰûдѧҲ֪дҲ϶ôͻȻһʲôħʯõһˣ̫˼ˡ

ġħʯһٶ˻ѧĵһڵһʱΪĽ¼
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⣬ǻţһҳ磬ܹ淢СħʯܹһЩ
ǵ˼ڼҳһʱѾ
տʼһڳԵú˷ܣΪ׬һʵĻǰ׷׼ǰȨ
Ȼɣ³һ棬ȴǶʱϢģеǳźͿϧͬʱСɣ³缸䡣
ԭɣ³ٷһϢѾ˺Э飬ˡħʯҳİȨ
˼ԣҪ߸ǣǲٰ׷ˣȨѾɣ³ˡǺǣȥһˣװ˷ѳǮǡ
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ҲѹֱСˡ
˵ǿҲһϢɡ
гҪħʯˣҲһ֮

ķųɼһ̾ѾµˣʱҲû̫
ֻкЩʰˡ
룬Ϊ˼ѡѧĶճɹѡˣѧΪá
㲻ʯͷԼĽţ
ֻߣԼ˵֮ѡѧΪãд㣬ѹѡ
ֿƺȷܴ
ǵʱԼЩԣУһСڱݣ
ޣǸɶСӣķڻǱôһЩ

һعȹǣҲͬԡħʯûѧһеܲ⡣
ǵĹҲûзСħʯǶⱾҲȫ˽⣬ֶǵһο
ôͶõһأ



ڰ˰ʮ ͬ
ˣڵعȹҵϣħʯһҲΪ۵Ľ㡣
һϢķġеĹȡȻûܹõһںܺ棬ħʯⱾ飬һ飿
֮ǰ˭˵ĻѧûзչģûзչܶõһЩϢȻǲš
һδĻѧƷкüҹзУΪʲôƫƫûСħʯ
˭֪Ҳǵһ˵Ȿ飬ѾȤˡ
ħʯܹûѧһӦ÷ǳгŶԣΪʲôҹЩ磬ȥȨ

Щҵǵ̬ǵ̬Ȼͬ
ħʯ롶еĹȡ˭ûѧһǲ⣬ǹҵߡ
ֻȴǳ֣һûǹҷеģ֮ǰûƷôͶûѧĵһˣ
ǶǳҪ֪𰸡

ҵڶ磬ħʯûѧһҲͬеǳ졣
ֻǲģΪʲôûгⱾ飬ϴȥμӽĳΪʲôûгⱾ飿
ڶƷǶг淢УȴƫƫûгһƷѵǵãħʯⱾ飿
ţӦֻֽˡ
˵κһҳ磬лⱾˣ
뵽ʵĴ粻˷ֻҪܹ뻪ɺЭ飬Ǿܹ׬һʡ
ʵĴǣ׷ж
ȻҵĳҪ⣬ǱǵͰع
عĵº̳磬͵Ƴ磬Ҳͬ繫ˣѾɺЭϢ
ʹҵźѡ
ɣ³硢عº̳硢Ƴ磬ѾɺЭϢҲ༸ңͬΪʱļҳĶС
ʹüҳ缸ҪѪͬΪҲʶһ
ڣҳǰˣħʯⱾг
ΪʲôͲ֪ͨһأֲھϵ
˺Э飬׬
ʧȻڲò͹ЩʵĴ羺ܲܳɹóȨɾͲ˵ˡ
ճɹ˰ȨĴҲҪ
һο̫˰
ҳ缸ѪֻôԹãץʱжȡɹ³Ȩɡ


ֻһδƪͯĵһһǻ϶ְعĸɭõĵһʹǳ
ЦǺǵĶ˵عһֱҪͯѹһһοǸɭܹô˵ҵǲͯһֻЩźǣȻ˻ѧĵһķǲף֮ǰôӡ
յȷźǰֻԶƪͯŷ޸ԺҪϻѧˡ
̾ϢһȻԸϣƺȷʵ

밲ֵĺȣعĸɭȻûôˡ
óĶƪͯϧܸ϶ְ֡
һܵ顣
ƫƫعǶԴҲ΢ʣΪˣҲ֣õšɪ
ˣҲѾܷı䣬عֻͨ磬ͷԼɭںܶʱܲ
ʹøɭӲãټûѧĵһԸɭ˵ҲһܲõϢ
ɭܺòŹء

⣬ʱһҵһЩǣͬǳĲá
ǱϴνϣһڶͯѧҴǡ
ϴεĽϣϴҴǣȲѵѡ˻ѧΪһԶˡ
Ϊˣǻع֮󣬻ݺݵġһԱõҺǣÿԸͷ׼
Ȼҵ׼ˣȴ˼Ըͷһηޡ
ʹõǣԼһЩѶ΢ʡ
㲻ô׼ã׼ˣȴûпҪݣⲻԼԼ
쵰ϴβμӽҴǣȫ
Ҳ֪Щ΢ʵҺѣ

ճɼĹʹøҵĲƽҲãͨҲգԶŸԲͬ顣
ȴûʱڿʡǵĿͳϣҪȥμӣǰĴѧڽ磬ҪٰĻ



ڰ˰ʮ ͵ǰĲ
11㣬߳ʡǿվ
ѧУϴѧ򳵸պһСʱҵ·̡
ԣûֱͣӴһǰϴѧ
ϴѧǸʡõһѧȫΧڣҲŽǰʮϿһȫУˡ
һգⱾ˼СѵĽգϴѧƺҲЩʼįҲҪڽٰһ
һ⣬Ҳͯйأֻǡ䡱ͯꡣ
˵췽ĳΪˣô׷һԼͯ꣬ϴȥڸ̬ʱţѧϧڵʱ⡣
ԴˣΪͬʱţȷӦѧܺϧ
һСʱ֮ڸϴѧһֵ˳
ĵ㿪ʼʱ仹㹻
ȥԷɡ˵
顰šһ˱㿪ʼѰҳԷĵط
ʵҲѰңΪΧԷĵطʵ̫ˡ
ȥһҳ԰ɣǰʱҾȥԷָһҿ͵˵
Ȼû˱ǰǼҿ͵ꡣ
ǡ緹ʱ䣬ٵѧѡԷΧЩ⣬ǳ
˵Ŀ͵Ϊ
վڿ͵ſڣԥһ£˵ҪǻһҰɣ
֪ѡҷԷһ׷黳棬ЦЦ˵Ҿͦõģ˶һ㻹Ե֣԰ɣλͬѧѾˣǾɡ
лϲġšһ
׼߽ҿ͵꣬ȴñ˺飬ôɣһŮӵ
˻ͷһֻһúƯҲŮӣϲ顣
ԣվһΪ˧ӡ
ֻӴʱԵıޣЩһһ㶵ġ
ȻԱ߸ոպǸŮӣҲѵһŮȣԵвˡ
ܿܿҲǻμӻ𣿻ɡҲΪϲ˵
ӣڴѧڼĹϵƺΪ
ǰܿܿŮӼô˵Ҳǻμӻˣ飬ҿոƺ׼߽ҿ͵꣬׼ȥԷ
ͷǰǰҵԷܿܿҲһɡ
ܿܿһۿ͵꣬ȴ飬ǰǾԷΪѧûʲôǮôֿܹ͵Էأ飬һȥԷɣһطԡ
ԶԶԣܿ˵ĶԡԱߵҲѾعܿͬѧɣôƯôֵطԷأǸһɣͣط
ܿܿŮֵ飬˸ܣҵѣԼһҹģСĹ˾ԣ飬㲻ؿȥѡһطúõĳһٷ
ȴܿܿллĺ⣬ҳԷҾͲһȥˡ
ѣ˵ܿܿͺ˲˼ͬʱ˵
ǸովͿһֱվߣҲ벻Ȼѡ
ǻΪСǱԣƤһֱվԱ߲뿪
סĸ첲˵԰ҵѡܿܿҲһ£ѡ
ֻǣĻδ˵꣬㱻ܿܿһߣС˵飬ôôɵ㲻֪ԼжƯôһѣѵǮ
ЦЦ˵ܿܿǮûйϵϲ
ֵܿܿҲԣԿͣʲôǮ飬ʵ˵ǲʹʲôֶΣ
ЩЦã˵ܿܿȥˣ⣬ԼҪҿ͵Էġ
ܿܿȴȻЩţɵĴ顣
ٿߡ
ܿܿһ˵Ļ
ӣĽʵĿƬ̣ȻЦЦС˵Сӣаֶβʹʲô˵ֶΰɣ
ȴֻЦЦ
ȴǸˣֵСӣŮѣţҾ͹ҵŮѣôƯŮѳԿͣ
ʼ磬˵Ҿط
Цһ˵ʲôܿܿȴѾˡ
ֱۣ˵ܿܿǿȥԷɣǾˡ
ܿܿΣֻúݺݵĵһۣ˵ǺðɣǸ㲻㣬ȥԷˣټ
ͷţǿȥɡ
ܿܿźֱˣոת֮ʣƵĿһֻۣǱֱӸӵˡ
ֻһС߽Уǡѧ극뿪λˡ
ռλãȥ̨ͣһѧС¡



ڰ˰ʮ С԰
ܿ죬ݿͻصλϡ
԰ɣź񻹲һݣǰĲ˵
顰šһۡ
ʱ룬һˣԷӦûҸɣ
ڣᵽˣȻҸ
̧ͷһֵۣͷľ׽ſеʳʵĻ棬ͣĽصۡ
ȴûôĸпڴڵĳŷţҪЩˡ
һݿͺܿͼˣ޵飬ǰǻѡطȻǿͣζʵ
Ҫ׵ĲͺУճһЦԼͺķˣһ˵Ļȥһݡ
ٺһЦ˵ˣˡŶˣǸʲôܿܿŮӣ֪ݣ
ͷţ֪ҶܿǰǵĹϵҲֻǱҵûôϵˡǰֻӨӨһ֪ҵݣֻǿϧӨӨݳ粻
ͷԭˡ
֮󣬵ͷԷʱԱмѧ֮ĶС
˵ѧУ֯ǸڡͯꡯĻѾҵѧμӡ˵췽û壿
϶еģж壬Ͳ˵ˡ
ȷ˵ͨ׷ͯ꣬ϴȥڸ̬ʱţҪѧϧڵʱ⡣췽ĳԵǲһͯʱ⣬ܹôࣿȻЩ뵱Ȼˡ
ҲҪ˵ǻӦ࿴һ棬廹ǲģѧУȷӦö֯һЩĻ
һλҪոձҵѧԼҵĴѧԣΪ췽һε⣬ҪĻҵĸΪЩҪôոտʼμӹҪô׼Ҫʼҹֻҹ̬˵ȷʵǷǳҪ
ҪûЩһѧȤĻǿȥһ

ѧĶԻԽĻ˽ĸһЩ
һ֮ͺķҲѾꡣ
Աûʵ
ͷţˡ
ֵǳȥɡ
ٴΡšһվһ߳͵ꡣ
˿ʱ䣬պ12룬ʱ仹磬˵ȥ
ȥѧУתһתɣҺþöûѧУˡ
ЦðȥܸУķΧ
һۣ˵ʲôΧǶһ߰ɡ
У԰ǰУʱʱѧ߹
󳬹ȥͬѧǻװĵĻͷһۡ
ЩЦȴǷǳ⡣
ΪҲ
ЩȻѾϰΪϵɫûаֵĲ
һߣһ߸˵ţѧУһЩ飬ΪĻ
һ֮鿴˿ֻ˵ܿܿ˵ںͺüͬѧһҲȥ
ͷǳɣǾ͹ȥɡ
鱾һ㲻ȥ뵽ҶǻμӻģȥĻȻ̫á
һ𣬳Ҷֻܿͨĵַȥ

ַѧУһС԰
ʱС԰һյϣվ10ˣŮС
ҶܿͺȻҲС
10˵
һ˫Ůɻ˵Ҷܿ˵һһѣⲻܰɣ׷ˣٵѧУʮȦвǮֳ˧ˣʲôҲôܻҸһģ
ҶܿҡͷҲưǸ˳õҲȻӦһõġ
˫ֵѵǮ
ʱ򣬺Цһ˵иƨǮȻôƯһŮԿͣҶеˡһǾ仰С˵ȡʲô˵ֶΡ
ǰɣԿͣҲ̫˰ɡһ½˵
мġСһֵм٣ţǹʱԼ
һ£˵鳤úƯһܺʵ
Ȼͺһ˵ͬѧһˬŮѡ
ˬһ˵ҲͱͨŮƯһˣԼȴΪԼƯƵġ
ܺԼŮЩãæЦǣ϶ûˬˬƯ

10֮鵽С԰⡣
Ҷܿˣһ߻һߺ飬
Ӧһһȥ



ڰ˰ʮһ ӦҸõ
С԰
10˼Ҷ֣ܿǺģ֪鵽ˡ
һʱ䣬ȫֹͣ˵ͬһȥ
ֻһĸľɫŮӣһǵķ
ȻҵĿ⼸ȫڣǸɫŮӵϡ
ŮĽʣȣУܺΪ
Ϊֳ10˵Уֻǵһμ飬˶һȻһ˾ɫŮ棬ܺԼҸ
֮ܺԼŮˬո˵ĻҲͱͨŮƯһˡ
ֻͨŮƯһ㣿ܺи̣źۼĿԼŮˬһۡ
ˬͨŮȡ
ȻʱܺȻãԼŮƯ̫࣬ЩĽʵĿһ֮󣬵Ҳûʲô뷨
ŮƯҲ˼ҵŮˣ֪֮ܺȻСʲҲ˧֪ԼԦ˾ɫŮӡ
֮£ܹҵˬͨŮŮѣѾˣǺúõϧǰ˰ɡ
ЩɫŮӣҲ͹ˡ
ܺͬǳɻ˾ɫŮӣΪλҸһѣ
ٴӱϿѵȷʲô޵ĵط
ԽԽ˵Ŀͣ㹻ʱ֮ȫϡ
Ҷ֮ܿ༸ŮȷʵȽһ㣬вһˬǲŲеϧأЩֻ룬˳ƯĽҲãںˣǿһѸõѡ
Ѿߵˬȴˬ
ʵ˵ǰѧУʱˬͶЩʣΪôƯԺһһǳ˧ַǳǮѣȻĽʡ
ȻڣѣȻٿԼѣˬͻȻ÷ǳĺá
ֱۣܺߵѾ߽ǰŬ¶һϵЦݣ˵飬û뵽ҲɣԴѧҵ֮Ǿûټû뵽ڴҶˣˡһ£ܺƽʱæģǲģҪҹҲûа취ֻҹˡ
ЦЦ˵֤ѷǳ㣬һҸϲˣˬ
ˬֵأӦҲҸɣѲҲһƽʱӦҲæɣ
ȷҸҲҹġ
ˬ˵֮ʣܺҲ֣ЦЦ˵ã
ͬһЦܺգҲã
ʱǸ½Ҳ߹˵ѣãͬѧ½˵Կͣ
һЦ˵ûζ
½ҳʲôʲôϵ˵ԼҪԵġŤͷ½ǲõ˵
½ˣżеСǮѧڼߵ׷飬ָı׷ʽѵҲ١
Ȼʼղǣᶼᣬ½ܴ
ĺ;ģһ˺㣬㣬Ǹ˶ȫûκεʼվǶԴһİһ㡣
½ЩɰޣҪ椣ҵһʲôѣ
죬ǿˣȻȴĪЩջ鵱ǣҵһ˧ʣǮҲൽòˣҲˡ
ƫƫһ˧û̫ϵһԿ͵ѡ
½Щˣ˶ܿϣΪξͲܿ
Ȼ𣬵½ȴΪƽߵǰ˸ոʻһĻ
˵ǷȴеĻ
ΪԵĸоеĲãӡУһδиɫʵĸ˵⣬Ϊѡ
½л𣬵ֲ̫ʺϷֻһ˵һΪҵһʲôأȴֻҵһߺߣ
жپŭ˵ʲôϵ
ߣ½ٴΡߡһȴû˵
˿½һЦûʲôʾ
ҶܿЩüĿ½һۣ½˵ȻǺܲʵģ˵ԲĻһ룬½⻰Ȼʣû׼ľãѲôӶһŰ߿
һ˵Ҳһ¡ҶܿΪӦһõġ
ԣ죬ȴûп˵ʲô



ڰ˰ʮ Ҳ
Ҷܿû˵ʲôԱߵĺȴ۾һ˵½㿴˲ֻ棬ȻմŮϲλλȻй֮ģֻ͵Ըչʾˡ
Ŷ𣿡½ź˵Ϊʲô֮
ҡͷҾͲ֪ˣ˼һ㿴
½˵ҲǣЩӿ϶
˻ﻰĳ֮⣬ڳȻܹó
ȫȥҪһʲôķӦǵ⣬ҲӦԵķȥûʲôǱҲˣҲϲǡ
ԼŮѣԼŮôͬѧǰǶϲܶӵġ
ֻǣȴƺû˵ĳ֮⣬ûκεķӦϵıƺûһı䡣
жʱһʧҲӵĲм
ǿɲ˵ĳ֮⣬ûзӦǾֻܱǹװû
Ҳ˵ˣȥûУʲôģһء
½ǲмһۣϾֳ֮ɫͺƴһʤһ㡣
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ֵܿܿǵǸʲôҪ4ſʼڲ1㣬ݵ3Сʱʵûʲô˼ǻȥʲôطתһתɣ
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ոһֱû˵ĳ˫ȻҶ˵ҪߣǾѧУ߰ɣ3Сʱʱ䣬ûͦġ
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ǣһǰ뿪С԰½Уһ˿Ϸ֮ɫ
У԰ﴩУ½ǰ棬ͺ֮⣬˶ûзʵǸ½ߡ
Ǻ½ͨˡ
Ȼƾĸֻ֪ǣҲ֪СҪѴҴȥ
Ҳò𴩶ԷֻĬĬм䣬У԰飬оҲǲġ
ûãߡ
û̫ʱʱһ紵
ԣ˶ѧ٣򳡡򳡡ë򳡡ƹ򳡵ȳвٵѧ
½һЦ˵ף֪УȻߵˣû뵽ʱѾôˡ
ҲѧУȥʩȫ
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򣬱˶֮һŮǻϲ򣬵һϲԼϲ
ԼŮѣôŮǰľɫŮǰչʾһԼ߳򼼣Ǿ˧ˡ
Ļᣬɲʱֵġ
գܺЩ˷˵һ⣬⡣һڼûҲûЬô򣿵ڶĸҲû
½Щ⣬Ǳ߾һר˶װ̣һרҵһ˫רҵЬҲͼǧǮ˵úܣǹȥֱһװˣֱ֮˾ˡ͸ˣҲҵѧӴԴӡ֮֡ڵĺܶѧνжӡ
ܺһϲ˵ٺòˣ޳ɴһ
½ĵͷ˵ôأ
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£ӦòܾԼŮѺôŮǰôҲðӳȥǡ
ܾǶȻҲǧĽڣֵɡ
Ȼа취ҲЩںɡ
ȻĻشȴһϡ
ֻһЦ˵˼ҾܾΪҲᣡ



ڰ˰ʮ Ŀ
ʲô᣿½ͺͬʱһϡ
Ϊ򣬶شôֱ̹ס
ûκεĽںɣֱӾǡᡱ
ҲСԼŮѣôŮǰͲ֪Ҫһ
ԼҪ棬Ҳ˼һŮѵ氡
Ӧνӻ
ҸѵĻǻԼвУܲԸ
ڸô˶һۣһʱ䶼֪νӻͻȻЩ䳡
ܺĿһۣҲû뵽ܾôֱӣŮǰӦûܶŶ԰ɣΪʲôһ㶼ںأ
ŮҲһ㶣漴кݺݵıһ
⵹˵ǿ𣬲⣬ǻ᲻⡣
ȫǲεӱܣԼӣԼŮҲӡ
ˬͷǳ⡢Ŀһۣ˼Զ
Ҷܿҡҡͷ̾˿ĲףΪʲôôһѣ
ΨЩֵĵһۣ֮ճһЦ
ںΪǸ½Сӣʲôֶء
һ治֪ôġ
ȻⲢ˵򲻺ãֻȫͲǴʱ
ֳ䳡Ƭ֮½ҲӦֺǺǵ˵ûϵҲ棬ʵҲᡣ
ҲԣʵҲ򣬴Ҿ˶һ£㿴ֳôŮõĻᡣ
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½æаֱ˵ģҲٿǮһס
˵ֶ꣬һۣ룬Ӧù˰ɣ
ôŮǰ˳᲻ûǧǮ¡ЬҲܽܰɡ
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ֻǽʧˣûзӦ·û׺еġЩˡָľһ㡣
ӣ½ͺЩûˣһ˿ӵˣֻʲôõİ취أ
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Ҳʹ˿ıӺͲ˳ۣҪУ⣬ֱһֱӼ򵥴ֱԷһ١
ǿƾ񣬵ĻԶԶǵĶ֡
ϴӦ½ļƻȻҲͺܺȥ򣬱˵Ȼ˲ӣ˰ɣ߰ɡ
ŮǼûÿˣ΢΢ЩʧЩĵĿһۣȻ׼뿪
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Ťͷһֻһ򳡱ߣѧ߿ոյĺеһѧ
ԣǴǵ򳡹ġ
򳡾˵ľ룬40ңһ򳡵ĳȻöࡣ
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ȻǺܶҲ޷ֱӳôԶľ룬Ҫ֮ڵϹһξ롣
ô˭ԻظЩѧ
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һֻڿеһľ룬ͻأǿ˵ǻٶһ£ΪһˣҲ̫˰ɡ
Ѷ½ЦǺǵ˵ֵܣ鷳ԻظЩѧǰɡ
½һۣεûоܾ˵ͷӵϼ򣬷ס
Ȼһз˳ȥ
½Ǹֳһ˿޵Ц⣬ֱеĹ켣;ء
ֻǺܿ죬½͵ɴ۾Ĳ˼֮ɫ
ԭ׳ȥڿлһߣߵĸ߶жϣڿзеľ뽫ǳԶֱܹӷɵЩѧڵϡ
СӺǿıǴʱпߵ˵
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½һȻٴξӶҪɳˡ
Щһֱ߿ˣʱҲһɴ۾Ŵ͡
ԭո׳ȥ򣬲һǳƯߣԶ40׿򳡣Ƿǳ׼뵽ˣϵһϵ֮С
ңһǳĿ



ڰ˰ʮ 
пˣȫĿɿڴֳƬ̵ļž
ܿ죬кúͻ֮Ȼ࣬ȴǲС
½ܺľһŮ˼ĿȻǺܶ򣬵Ҳ֪ôԶľģһ˷˼顣
ЩǣӦҲɡ
ܺ𾪹󣬺Ȼǳ˷ܵ˵ֱǴ۽磬ԾһӿʰĽһֱֳȥ¼ˡֵܾһ֡
ǺһЦ˵ðˡ
ܺҡͷֵܾĪҪǫˣһǰҪӵ𸽽Ĳ˵ܹԵôԶͨһôÿ߹켣Ǿ;ǳˡ
ЦЦڰ֣˵߰ɡ
ֻǣʱûŲŲ
½ͺӵĿܺ˵ĶԣȷǰҪнĿܡ
еľ벻ֻ̫ԶһҲ
ѵСһֻ֣ǣôҲ񰡡
ԣ֣ҲôԶľ
⵽ʲô
ͻȻоЩǵܲƽ
ŮǿҲһЩ仯Ҳо濴ôͨ
ʱ򣬸ոϵЩѧҲ˹
Χ˷ܵ˵
ͬѧĸϵģˣ
ͬѧֱ̫˧ˣģ
ôԶľ룬ͬѧж󣿡
ͬѧҰùˣٱһΰɣʵ̫ˡ

ѧ࣬ò˷ܣ
ЦЦڰ֣ʾҲô˷ܣ˵ͬѧǣðˣҲѧһȥɡ
Χŵѧ˵ѧ΢ЩʧǵУѣǾ̫˧ˡ
ҲûȥȻҪͶһ
ǰЩѧ˷ڴ񣬵ǲ̫ľܾ
ͶһΣȻҲܹͶýȥȻûô򣬵ƾڵֺĸ֪ͶȻ죬ôԶľ롣
ֻǣζͶĻָʲô粨
Ͼһνζֻˡ
˼Ƭ̣⣬ЦǺǵ˵УҾͶһΣһοɲһ
ѧһͬˣø˷ܣǸѧϽݵϡ
˵һοܲҲ⣬ôԶľ벻ҲδζǲŲء
ⲢӰеڴ˷ܡ
½ܺһŮǣҪͶһҲȫϵĶҲ֪ڶ򣬻᲻ҲͶ
ܵΧڴĿ⣬һЦе˳ȥ
ڿл߹켣ɺһһһһĽӽ
ԽԽ۾գһ£ΪڴһЩ˵һССĽš
ֻһεƺûһεĺá
ûģص֮ϣϷ1׶ߣȻԱȥ
ϧʵ̫ϧˣΧϧֻ֮ôһ㣬̫ϧˡ
½һûнȻǶҪʼˡ
ûܹҲǳ˲á
ʲôôԶľ룬ÿһͶпܻ
͸ͶһҲ̫۸ˣ
ȷҲûѧڵһʱϧֱ֮˷
ͬѧȻûͲôһ㣬Ѿ˲ˡ
ʵ̫ˣͬѧһô
Զԣͬѧһ򡣡

ͬѧǣֳۿ˳ԶͶĻ
һͬѧɿܻ򳡣˹һϣĵݸ
ֽӹЦЦ˵Ȼͬѧô飬ǾͶһΣһˡ
úãΧѧǷ׷˵
һδзɳ
һεƺֻˣһǳƯ֮͵һһģһǳĿ
ãðʣ̫ˣ
̫˧ˣ
̫ˣ
ΧȲϡ
ЦЦȻģͶΣмһβУֱ˵ĸоǲһģҪġ
˵ˣͬѧǣҶȥɣҲҪˡ
ͬѧȻûп񫣬ٶͶΣҲ֪ټҪĻԵЩ׵ˡ
ֻܷǳĺ𣬻صϼ
ܵԶͶӰ죬ͬѧǵĸɾԱ֮ǰ㡣



ڰ˰ʮ ʼ
һ˼У԰ոյġͶ粨ڵ΢һı䡣
˵һ˿صɫʡ
֣ٿʱܸоƺͨˡ
ߵߣСֳֵһηͷ
ٺһЦͬСû취ٵ͵Ҳܻңҳͷ
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½ԴҲҪ2ˣҪֱȥֳɣǱӦ׼ǹȥܰһæ
ոչʾͶ½ܴҲûʲôȥˡ
Ҳû˷ԣһ˱㳯Żֳȥ
ֳѧУһʽôһʽֳ
һεĻҲǿʽĻҪΪĵѧԼҵѧ
⣬͵ѧҲμӻԹۡ
һ˵ֳʱֳвٵˣΪĿʼ׼
ע⵽ʽֳܴͬʱˡ
ټΧǾͲ֪ɶˡ
Ϊõûǽվ֮⣬ɿԿ̨ϵ
ǫܴ̃ͬ󣬳20ң10ҡ
ڣѾԲһУһУǳ룬ȥơ
ЩԲѾ໥˵Ц죬պܲ
ֻǲ֪ЩǴĵУѧѾҵѧ
ƺҪǰæˣҲλ°ɡҶܿ˵
˵ͷЩѾҵѧμӻϵڻʲô׼Ŀ׼ģȻҪǲġ
һԲſ10˵12˵ӣһˣǡһ
Ҳ֪ǰϣûͬѧҸոտһ£ûпСº󣬳˫˵
ӦûаɣֻûпҶܿ˵
˵ЩʲôĽĿˬʵ
ǲ֪ӦԡɡΪɰɣǿһ̨ϵװ֪ˡҶܿ
ȫ̧ͷ̨Ͽ˿Ȼоһֻɵĸоʱ̨װ绹ûɣɵĸоǺԡ

ʱһһڹȥֳҲԽԽ࣬УѧҲѾҵѧ
һҵλ£Ⱥפ㣬̸˵أεĻֳԽԽֺ塣
ʱеԲϣҲѾĳʳˮһ߳ԶһȴҲ⡣
ֳеԲѾˣܻվһЩֵѧʱҲѾ4㡣
ʱе׼Ѿɣ̨װҲѾɡ
ٿ̨һŨŨĻ֮Ϯһ׾뵽Ļ֮С
ڰ׵ӻʽгСʱĿαľߺСߡʳһϵеԪأ̨ϵõ˳֡
ֳˣйеͯ䣬һ֮С
˶뵽˻䵱У֮ǰֳֺѸٰࡣ
Ҳͬڻ䣬ǻһ磬Сʱ䣬ȴȻ
ʱֳ˿ʼʹһ
˵ܶ˴ӻ֮ѳ̧ͷˡ
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˿֮΢΢һЦʼʽĿס
һЩɿʫĿףֳƵƵͷһָпҲʼ
Ȼ˿ʼܳϯλ쵼ٰεĻĳԺĿĵȵȡ
֮ǰ˶λĳԺĿģϿɡ
ҲͬϿɣٰ췽ĳԺĿģ֮ǰ˽Ĳ࣬ͨ׷ͯ꣬ϴȥڸ̬ʱţѧϧڵʱ⡣
ڣŸոտʼƺѾЧ
ŻĽУЧӦûԽԽԣֻϣڻ֮Чʱ䣬ܹһЩ
ʽĻˡ
̨󷽵ĴҺϣʼڣֳ˵ͯʱԪء
ЩԪѾ̨ϵõ֣Ԫȴų̂ϵõ֡
磬ǸʱУ԰ҡʣǸʱϷ֣ǸʱԪأǸʱߡϷӵȵȡ
ĻϵĻһͣһֳͬѧǣһ뵽Ļ䵱С
һĻĻѾڼĻ棬ԽԽ
Ƿ·ֿˣͯ鴿ЦЦֵ



ڰ˰ʮ ͣ
ĻϣʱϢһ滹ڼš
ȥĻ棬ͬȥļ䣬ȥʱ䡣
Ա棬Ի䣬ʱȴһȥ
˼
㹻ʱ֮󣬻Ļڲꡣ
˽ӻѳ˸п꣬Ҳ³һ
˵˼ĲֳͬķΧȴѾȼ
ͬѧǿʼͷӶСŸոտһ档
һ۴Ҳŷ֣ԭ˴֮ͯ꣬Ȼ֮²ߣҲԽԽЩ˹Ц֮˵ʲôȤĵط
췽Цų²һͬѧȻҪﵽЧ
ֳСķ滺ɵ֣ҲûʼһĿһЩʱ䣬ô໥ۣͬ䡣
ʱʱһĿ
һϵͯϷֳ顣
ڸոյͼƬ沥УһϵУֳͬѧϷ
ڣЩϷֳֵʱ̡
Ϸӥ׽Сײӡɳ־ȵȡ
ÿһϷֱУֳͬѧԸμӡ
˰ؽ˵ֳ֮к֮Ӧڶ࣬ٵԾԾԡ
Ǹո˵𣬱ҪҪֳһ
췽ȻĻǿǵ⣬Ȼ׷Ӧ
ЩΪԼǸֵˣ¸߰ȲҪôͬѧǰչʾһԼ߳ļ
һ
ܺЩԾԾԣĸߵ˵ѧУ֯˼
ӿЦȷǺ˼
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ٺһЦ˵ҾͲȥ˰ɣһȥж֣Ա˵ƽǡ
½ͺһ˵볰һ䣬۴ţƵı£ȷûж֡
ǿֲĳԶͶİ˵Ļ˻ȥһߣԼĲм
ȷų̂ȥĴ㣬Ҳͦá
ܺԥƬ̣ҲûȥǺһЦ˵Ҳȥͷˣǵ͵һĺá
ǵΧŮֱ
ûȥҪȥȴǲ١
һϷȻôͬʱ룬ֻͨȡķʽѡʵ̨롣
ûѡ߷ǳźѡǳ˷ܣ
֮ǰûһķʽٴβ뵽ЩǵļУԶҲǵͯϷС
һһϷУһһѡеͬѧ̨
ЩϷǻ϶Ѿʮ꣬ʮûˣʱ棬ȴûκεУͬʱӴЩϷһ
ҲͯϷɡ
̨ϣֽýҲԱֱš
ֳкЦϣԵ̨ܹϵϷߣ̨·Ĺڣÿһ˵¶ǳߡ
һγɹĻ
ֳԱߵϢҡ
˴λ߻֮һĶκԣΪ˷ܵ˵ԺһεĻǴɹˡ
Ҳ¶Цݣ˵ܺãһεĻȷܳɹ⣬ӰذֳӰãԺѧУʱҪõ
κԵͷԺģһֳ豸Ӱ鹤ԱרҵģĳĻʽﵽӰ𡣡
ֵͷ⡣
Ժ㿴ֳһĻ档һӰĹԱָһ̨Һʾ˵һҪץȡֳͬѧǵľʱ顣
ԣŹԱָʾһ˵ţȷרҵĴ
˵꣬׼Ŀƿ۾ȴͻȻһոճʾϵĻ棬ƺһЩϤס
ӰصոյĻλٿһ¸ոճھͷһ档˵
ոճھͷĻ棿ԱЩɻ󣬲֪ԺҪʲôöԽ֪ͨٿˣŸոƶĹ켣ȥ
ͣʾĳһʱѸٺ
漴涨񲻶
˲ֵ⣬ҲȫŴʱʾﶨĻ濴
ܿ죬˵۾һ˿ȵľޡ
漴ɫֱЩŹ֣ΪǿһɫŮӵӰǴûмƯŮӡ
ѵԺͣԭΪɫŮӣ
⡭͵͵һԺѰ˼ԺҲһڣƽʱ
ΪɫŮӣֿбʲôֵעĵط
ȴǲ֪˴ʱ˼ԹԵ˵񣬵ȷǺѵ



ڰ˰ʮ ȱһ
ԹԵ˵ʲô񡱡ѵ֮Ļ룬ѵԺ֮ǰʶ֮ʲôϵ
˵ﾹȻһ˿Ե˼
ǰԵ˼ûг̫ãָֻžɫŮԱߵ˵ǿʶ
һ㶣ԼһԭԺˣǾɫŮӣǾɫŮԱߵӡ
ʶһвɻԺӵ˼Ī˺ܳ
ֵͷֵѾͷԶһЩҿʲôλã
ԱʾʾĳԽԽ󣬸ոڵλѾһĿȻ
ٴεͷŶκ˵СΣȥոλĽӴңҪһæ
æκһ㶣˵ԺѵѧУѧ
ЦЦ˵ȻǣûпĻӦþԸֵĻǽĻӳɹ
κԺ༸˶һֺͨѧУԲֻһġ
κԵ֪Ժ˵ġԾֻһ
ȻǵĻֳ
κԵһͬСɡһ룬˵¼ƺҲǲܡ
漴ȫ˷Ըֳ֣еѧһ޴ľϲ
κԼ֪ˣԺȥ롣
ֵͷʾκԸϽȥ
ϢҵţκֳڣݸոʾĻ棬κԺ׾ҵڵλá
κԺ˷ܣλĲ߻֮һ붯֣һλӰɻ࣬ڲ߻֮һ˵һٹ⡣
κԲӦòԸⱩ¶ݣߵߣļע⣬Ȼýܹ˵ʣ
ŤͷһһЦ˵ǣǣ
κϣø˷ܣ˵ãǻĵĸˣκԣͬʱҲλĲ߻֮һĻѧԺԺԺҪһ𣬲֪ɷԸ⣿
һ㶣ĻѧԺԺӦò޽ԺΪʲôһ𣿵Щ֡
ԷĻѧԺԺҲд
˵Ժˣ룡
κԴϲæ룡
˵һ֮󣬱Ͷκһ뿪ˡ
κ֮ǰոߵߣ˵ʱ򣬾ͬʮͬѧע⡣
󿴵ȻǸһ뿪ˣ˲ɻ
ҶܿǿոǸˣǲǻĵĶΣ
ˬҿҲ񣬲ҡʲôֱ˵֣ȴǷͲ֪ѽʲô֣
༸ҡҡͷ벻ס
½ͺüͷ֪ʲô
Ҷܿ飬֪֪Ϊʲô
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪
鶼֪ɻ

Ӵҡ
ֹЦǷǳǸ
ԺˣҵңԺϵң
ֵַҲйעһƬع⣬ұˡ
ЦԭˣԺˣԺΪ
ֵʵĳҪһ£
Ŷ˼һѾµʲôˡʵԺǺ£
ֵǵһΣ
Ե޵ܲ塣
ֵޣ˴λһźǱȱһѰãҲûҵʵֻźáȻոͷ֮пҵʱһ󼤵ðҪΪ䴴һ
ȻˡȻո˵һʱѾµˡ
Դˣܾ
ȣѧУΣԷΪĻѧԺԺ룬㹻
ǰȷʵһ׷ǳĸʺΪܽλᣬ磬Ҳһǳѡ
գЦЦ˵ܵԺҺҡΪˣԸⳢԴһ
󲻽ϲ΢Щ˵̫лˣ֣һεĻˡ
ֵԺˣҵĸܲԺ⣬δ֪
ֵ̫ǫˣҾ



ڰ˰ʮ ǳź
ЦЦֵԺҴһ׸ԣ׸﷽ʽҪ
ֵȻԵ˼
Ƭ̣˵ԺݳʱҲ¶棬Ļݳ⣬һڸոЩͼƬزѡһЩʵͼƬһMV̨󷽵ĻϲţǿĸȾ
˵Ը¶ݳЩź
˼⣬һ룬¶ݳҲв¶ݳĺô˵յ벻Ч
ԽԽ˼Խ۾ԽʾһţֳеĹԱԱȫϡ
ͷ˵Ϳʼ׼ɡ

ԺôӦʣһ߳ӴңκԱȲʵ༸ҲһϣĿ֡
ֺǺһЦʹһ˵޲Ե˷쳣κԼ̫ˣ˵һϲֳôѧ˵ҲͬһϲһεĻˡ
ֵͷûҪȫĹ
ǵȻˡ˵

ֳֽĿڼеѧ¸߰
Ҷܿˬ˼þòأɻء
Ҷ̲ܿסʵ飬ȥôûͲ绰ʲô
ЦЦ˵ãûȻʲô鵢ˣæҲͻˡ
Ҷֵܿ飬Ҹ˵ѧУŮƣ˵ԶԶȲ㣬ǡ㶮ġ
ܿܿˡ
ȷˣһˣʲôϲҲһЩ۹˲Żϲ½һ̲ס˵
½⻰༸Щͬȴûһ㣬ûκεķӦ
ʹ½ٴβˬһ

ʱڹȥѾߵ㣬ɫҲЩˣֳĵƹѾ򿪡
ƺҲѾӽβ
ֳͬѧǵȴɲֻʱ̫졣
Ĵ۵
һεĻ治ҸտʼңȻǺɡ
ȷĻ˼ֻǿϧӿҪˡ
֪ѾȥСʱˣҾȻһ֣ʱʱĴ
һεĻȷǳãôܸоһʲô
һ㶫ʲôҾѾǳ˰ʲô
Ҿǲֻ֪Ժ֮ƺʲôҪץסһ㣬ȴʼ޷ץסָоܡ
֪ûĸоҾѾǳˡ
ǳ𣿻ǰɣҲҲĵطǾһ㲻ԡ

ֳ۷׷ףʱһ̨˵װͬѧǣϲһεĻ𣿡
ϲ
һεĻǳã
ԺԶ֯һЩĻ
ֳͬѧǻĻӦǵȷĵϲ˵ŷǳҪ塣
˼ϣҲԽԽߣ˵ôҾһεĻ𣿡

ǳ
ٴλӦӦĺ롣
һЩ˵ʵǾƺһʲô
Ȼ˵ȻҲ˵
ǳ𣿡ЦЦǣôûƺһʲô

·̷ЦԣΪǹ˵ģڻԾֳա
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˵ЦȻ룬΢΢һЦ˵ҿɲҪΪ˵ЦΪһ㶫ǶϣǽĻ
һ˵ֳ˶һ㶣룬ǹ˵ЦѵʲôҾѾܺ˰
Щȷһʲôˣ۾һԺ֮Уոʼץ֮סĶƺҪץסˡ
˶˼ֳƬ̵İ
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ˡ֮Ҳ漴
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ʵɣ췽ȷһֻǵȷûҵһ£ڵЩȷûʺΪġ
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췽ķǳҪҵһ׺ʵģκܲԸ
ͬѧǵҲǳ⡣
⣬ж˵ıԹ͸̣Լûźȴûмᡣ
ֳһЩֺġ
ŴҵıԹ͸̣ҲգЦǺǵģһ֮󣬲˵װͬѧǣҲҪż⻰û˵ء
û˵ꣿҲ㵹Ǽ˵ֳиǸ̡
ҲѸٰ׼һ˻˵Щʲô
˺ֳЧ֮ǰȷûҵʺϵǣǣ֮ǰûҵʵģû
⻰һ˵ֳʱһֺ塣
Ҳ⵽ɶ˼˾Ͳһ԰ѻ˵𣿡
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֮ǰûУˣʲô˼Ѳֳһף
˰ɣֳܹô̵ʱڣһ׺øˣȫֻһˣôֳ
֮ǰǲ˵һ䣬ǡ⻰ɶ˼ڰʾʲô

ֳһ֮˲ż˵Ҹոպͬѧ˵ѲֳһףûУǲͬѧ˵ˣ
У˵ġ
УҲ˵ˡ

ֳʱ˶ڻش˵СЩȻ˵ˣЩԾǸ塣
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ҪǣͻȻ˷ܵ˵ô˵ǣϲǣ˵ˣ
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ԣٴγϣ̨ϵˣڴ˵ǸΪڴ֡
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ʱ˺ǺһЦ˵Ҳˣȷˣûǵ̨ϡ̨ĺ󳡣ΪݳΪǽĻװͬѧǣܵǵ飬òã
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Ϊ֣Ѿ˴Ļϡ



ڰ˰ʮ ڰǸŮ
ͯ꡷Ҳûбӷϣλˡ
һɴ۾ֱŴĻ
ʱ򣬴Ļϳ˵һ黭棬һǳʱеѧУУ԰ĲٳϣźСͬѧǣ׷ϷϵЦݷǳ桢ãֻͼƬȴ·ܹǻֵЦ
ٳߵǧǵúܸߡ
ѧУ棬һĳߵ֦Ҷïɼ졣
ŴĻϵĻ棬ﴫ˸ǰࡣ
ֳ豸רҵ豸ԣЧǳ
ǰɡ졢򵥣ǳнУûʹøӵȴмǿĴ͸û˵ļ䡣
ǰһ𣬺ܶ˱ļҪĻȴסˡ
ΪڴһѾܹ϶Ǹ˾ڴˣ
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ٳߵǧҲٸ߸ߵĵֻһֻĺͣ档
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˵ǰһ⣬ֳʦںڰϣ÷۱ߴߴдͣĻ档
СѧʱʦʦݣѾģ壬ʦڿϵӰȴʼûǡ
ĳһ̣ƺָоѾģʦݣƺֱ
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ͬѧǲȫ̾һǸʱ볤ȴֲ볤
κΣʱⲻϵվĳˡ

һˣͬѧǵ˼ȴɻ֮ͣǰһĻ֮С
֪ˡٳǧʦ۱ʡ硢ʳơؼסڰŮк͡ҵԡ롭ȵһϵеԪأһһĳͬѧʱûѳҲôѳ
Ǽ򵥡֡¶ǵͯʱ⡣
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ȻҲΪͬѧǵĸдҲӵĲѳ
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е˶ڵȴȴŸٴδǣһĻ档
Щ棬ûǵԺʧŸٿɲġ
ȻǲûеĵڶݳֻǰһĽ
׸ֻһ顣



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ǣҷ׷ԾԾԣһͬѧҳֽͱʣһһֽд˸ʡ



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һʱ䣬õҲЩ˼׷Χ˹ʹΧΧ۵ԽԽࡣ

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֪ʲôһ˼ҸͲϡأֲ˶ϲ裬Բԣ
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˵꣬Լ۾һƺֿܡ
ܺȴҡͷԣֲѧУҵѧ֮ǰο϶ҲʶβԵ޹ʵңϸһ£εʱʱ˶ʱ䲻̣ϵɫƺȽϹΪʲô
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༸ҲͣǵʱҲû̫ע˵ʱ飬½һ
Ψг˫Դ֮ɫ˵ҵʱʱҲע⵽˶ε飬ƺȷȽϹ
ģ˫ȷҶܿʵ
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ܺԭǶκпʶһ飬Ҫæ
Ҫæ͸Ӳˡܺƾʲô˵½
༸Ҳ׷׵ͷҲΪλʲô飬ҪǸСӰæ
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½üܺʲô˼ʲôشˣѻ˵Щ
ˬҲѻ˵ʲôԡ
༸ҲȫɻĿܺ



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ܺΧ˵ɫٴ̾һ˵һ⣬һסͯ꡷֮ǰ˵ǲûҵʵľˣֳΪλдһ
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˵˵ʵģΪ˽ĿЧ˵ġ
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ϵһ룿֮йϵȻɻ󲻽⣬Ǵû֮ʲôϵ
ֻߣǸûаϵһʶ
Ҷһɡܺһ˵Ȼһ̾Ϣ
ߣ֪ʲôġ½ǲõ˵
ΪͬĵͷͬΪ֮ʲôϵ
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˫ôˣͻȻһУһҶܿ
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˵󣬻ݺݵĵܺһۡ
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Ҳѯʵܺ
ܺˣһһһ˵ǡ
У˵С½˵ԭмЦıͻȻ䣬ҲȻθ˼֣˵ĸ
ܺ½һۣ̾ĸĸȻǸոճͯ꡷Ǹˡ
ʲôⲻܣ½ȫǲŵı飬ٴΰθԲܣôܻǸҾġ
ͬɫ䣬˵ܺ⻰ɲ˵Ц˵ЩֻĲ²⣬ʲô֤֤δҲ̫һɡ
ҶܿˬˣҲͬţǸôܻôܹ
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ӦЦΪȻı飬ֻԼԸϰˡ
ûҵȷֻǲ²⣬Ҫ֤ʵҲ򵥣ʱһʲô𣿡
ܺһһĬ
ȷܺ˵Ǹ˾֮ʱڵһʱе𾪣û⡣
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ˬͬӣһΪѣ㣬Ǯȴ˭֪
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϶ѵĲмǴûдҪ֪֡
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Ϊӵģ½ͺˡ
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˵֮ǰĳԶͶ½Ϊܴ
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ʵȫǲЩģȥΪԼ涼㣬뷽跨ģǰӡ
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ڰ˰ʮ һƭ˵
Զ˵Ǻ֪ˡ
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ͷҶܿȥ
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֣֮Գ극˷ܵĵ㿪Լ֮ǰӡ
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㣬͸ĳǣԼԵ¥һ档
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΢ЦһһӦһһʶ
10˷ֱͬĹңŷ޴½Ĺңȡ
ͬʱ10ִ10Ҳͬĳ硣ԣЩͬһҡ
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ڶ죬˺ЭĳǸ뿪ǵøϻȥųˡ
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ڽļʱ½һЩҳǣϵʥ壬ĿȻͬΪˡħʯĳȨ
ȻҲͬĽӴǣЩҵĳǣһ⣬ҲȫΪʥʳ֡
ȵǻع֮󣬹ڻʥ֮ʼǵĿд
65һ죬ӭһλɫĿˣȫʳ֮á־ı༭ݿɡ
ȫʳ֮á־ܲڰعһŷ½ңͳһ۵Ĵ־
һרעȫʳ־Ҳʳ־УרҵȨӰ־֮һ
ͬҲȫ־֮һÿһڵǳߣŷ½ϲʳĶǵϲ
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ݿᵽľգȻ֪Ϊʲô
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ݿɵ̫ˣ߰ɣʵϣѾЩȲˡ
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ݿڴתƣݿʱʱľҪǲ
˵ùȻûľɫȻȴڻҪƯࡣһɽһҪɽ̫ˡݿ˵
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ݿɵһСĵģ㲻صңҽܹרҵҰѵ
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ԣЦݿɣרҵı༭Ȳ㣬ڸȤǣҵЩ߲ˣ
ݿȻһЦ˵Ҫ֪ǵ־һڳʱҿԸһ
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ݿɵˣҵðƬĵúһ㣬ںܵҵܲȫԭЩ߲˵
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ݿɵ϶ûֳһᾡŬ̶ϣӽֳ
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ڰ˰ٰʮһ ڵȵ㣬ɣ
ݿרĵ˼Ƭ֮˵ЩţľնʳˡѾǳȲģҪһЩ߲˵ζˡ
ЦԷʱԸġ
ݿɵҷǳڴ
˼ȥһЩطݿҲһ·˲ٵƬ
ʱҲʱ֣ݿɵԵ¥Է
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ţľոĹʥζһҲûпš
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Դˣͬʾľյ϶ȲǳݿɶЩʳ
ݿɱʾһеĴ𰸶һڵġȫʳ֮á־ϡ
Թ緹Ϣһ֮˼תơ
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ˣҽݿʹãԵũׯŵƬΪһڡȫʳ֮á־ķ档
ԴˣݿɱʾǳźҸĴϡȫʳ֮á־ķ棬ȴԸٿǿǡ
ȴһݿɣݿΣֻľұʾῼڷĽ顣
һദ໥Ϥ˲٣ϵҲ׽һЩ
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Թ֮ݿɻ˷ϢҲֱ˼ҡ

һҹ޻ڶһ磬ݿɱԼһЩɽ豸һ˽ɽȥˡ
Ըɵбݿɵİȫ˴ɵİб㲻Ϊݿɵİȫġ
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Ҫ֪һϣϿͯ꡷׸ĸ֮󣬾һֱǳҪɡ
ʱƣԸҲԽԽǿң죬ԸڿԵõʵˡ
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ϴѧΪȫУƽʱķҲͣķֱͿֱӺԲˡ
˵10㹫ƵܶǣȴѾľ͵½˸ϴѧеȴ
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Щ޹أϴѧҪô㣬˼Ҹϴѧ£ǽҪݵģȷе˵ͯ꡷һ׸ġ
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۹ˣָоˬֱеĻҪΪƷ
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ǵĿĺܼȷǱ׸ݳȨ֪Լᷢе
ԣ϶ҪݳģԸ˵ջǾ޴ġЩʵȴʼ޷ͷĸֻ֣˸֡
˵ݳĸ裬ǳľѻᣬѾʵ֤
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뿴һⱾķġеĹȡƷһƷ
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ԣħʯһۣȳڸҶǡ
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ڼҳǵĵ绰Ĵ𸴣ǳһ£úĵȴصĵڶǴ𰸡
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ڵڶĺ磬ȿǵһЩ硣
֪Ϣ֮󣬸˷ܲѣȫжҪµڶĳȨ

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֮ȥԵӣ֣ࡢ˵˴£λҲͬΪϲ



ڰ˰ٰʮ ʳ̽ռ
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ϾصʳĻ켫ЩƾΪƷʳĶȴʡ
ȻˣҲȥǸطҲǵȷʳֻźʳԵ
׷ѰʳḶ́ЩʱҲΣգֻ¸ҵˣл᳢һʳ
ڴά˹˵͹̣ͬܡ
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ʳ־ҲǴά˹Уȫʳ֮áǴά˹ϲ־
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ά˹İ˵ǱȽϤûһ
ֻΪȥܶλԱڸصʳʤö٣вٵʳϲѡ
һΣȫʳ֮á־УʥԵũׯĽܣôά˹Ķġ
ţ绰ѣͬᰮʳ̽յ˹
绰һͨ˹㴫˹
ˣά˹Ҳڿȫʳ֮á
ޣ˹´ˣ룬ʲôʱҴ绰
Ŷ𣿲ⲻҪҪһڡȫʳ֮áȻһһط֮ǰǴûй顣
ǵģԵũׯˣ͡ȫʳ֮á־ϰϵУطȷʵУֵáȫʳ֮áһܵļֵɡΪӦǺߡ
ðɣά˹ҲΪǺߡ־ϵЩͼƬȷ㹻ļֵɡʵ˵ά˹ЩЩƬ˺ڵļӹЩ羰ƬҲûʲô羰ȻȷʮϷ羰ĵط̫ˣЩƬءЩ߲˵Ƭֱ̫˼ˡ
˹Ҫ֪ȫʳ֮áⱾ־ȥƬȻͬΪЩ߲ƬȷǳĲ˼顣
ðɣά˹ֻ˵־ЩƬĵ̫Ưˡҷţϻôÿ߲ˡ
ðɣ˹˵ұʾͬ⣬Щ߲˵ȷš
ôά˹ȥǸʥĵط𣿡
ȻһڶȤ֪˹ҲһȥģһοԽͬˡ
Ҹеܸˣ⣬мһҲȤһ𡣡
Ҵ֪˵˭ǰϵ֮󣬾;ɡʵ˵ں˷ܡ
Ȼû⣬Ǿ
Ҷϵ绰ϲѵĴά˹ʼǰ׼ЩѾᳵ·

ڿȫʳ֮áⱾ־ˣԶԶֹά˹˹ˡ
ŷͬʱ־ܴ󣬶ڶࡣ
ÿһ־ĶߣǰԾ
˹˵һ־ֻһطԡȫʳ֮á˵ĵͷһΡ
ΣطʳĽܺƬδҲ̫˰ɡ
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ܶ˲òɣһڹʳЩƬ־羭˺ڼӹġ
ֻǣȫʳ֮áõĿڱȨԣöǺţЩƬ˼ӹ
󣬴Ҳòó˺˹һĽۣǾ־Ƭĵ̫Ưˡ
ȻܴΪƬЩڿţӰǶǸʥ塱ĵطŨȤ
ܶҲﶯˣȥʥһ̽˼
ЩжǰҲһЩ˻Щԥһʱ֮˾
Ȼֻͨ־һЩζζ
ǲȥûǸȥһ˵߾ߵĳУԴ˵Ȼʵ
Ӵ˿ڻʱǰʥ壬ֻˣ

ʥ塣
ԵӳֱַȥӶ壬ʹˮ塣
ȥӣΪũׯһ¡
ڣũׯȻѾˣӦٴʱˡ
һΣˮ壬ڴͬʱũׯİͼ



ڰ˰ٰʮ òóԣ
ũׯٴͬʱˮ壬һͬɽΧϢܿĸ֮䴫
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ǰũׯҸʱӵĴĽҪֻǲʡ
Ϊ֪ũׯڵķչٶȣǵĴӣһģңʱ䲻̫á
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³̣һ֮ǰҸһ
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֮󣬱Ǿ̣滮֣ȻȻơˣʵʩ
ԴˣѾᳵ·Ҫġ
ʱ䣬ũׯĹ֮⣬Ҷԡáľա˹ƵȳĸˣҲȺٴʥ壬̶ˡҡĳȨˡ
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ά˹Ӧþˣ㿴Ǹ𣿺־ϵһʵпһ˿ƮҲѹֽԵũׯ
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ޣοͿ治٣˺ţʵֻһӡһ˹Ů˵
ά˹˵ųȫũ壬οͶҲΪʳҲο͵һҪԭ򡣡
˹ά˹ͬ˵Ҫ֪ڻûгʳ
ά˹˹˵öԣôھȥһʳɡ12㣬ǳ͵ʱ䡣
˹ȻҲġǽɣݡȫʳ֮áĽܣڴڴһҽԵ¥ľ¥ǾȥԷ˳㶨䣬Ըпշ䣬ڿɲ¶Ӫ
ά˹룬ѾԵ¥ˣǱߵһ¥Ӧþǡ˹Ϊһ̽ռң¶Ӫ⻰ɲӦ˵ġ
˹ðɣά˹ôھǹȥɡ
һ˵һ߽ӣ֮ǰĸ¥¥£ȻһҾƵ꣬ӦþǡԵ¥ˡ
˹ֵά˹Ǽ֮Ļ˵ãôͽˡ
ά˹ðɣ룬ҵҡ
˵꣬ά˹߽Ƶꡣ
û೤ʱ䣬ά˹ϲɫ˻˵ǵƵ껹пķ䣬Ѿ߸䡣⣬˾ϲǣĽӴԱˮƽȻΪǿֱｻǴɾͷˡ
ά˹˵꣬˵ȫ¶ϲɫ˹˵ǻʲôϽȥɡ
߽Ե¥ǰ̨Ӵ˷俨ԵŽ֮ԷĴ׼һȫʳ֮áƾΪζʳ
Ϊﱻ֮Ϊζʳֻһ֣ҲָĳɫˣָĲƷʹõʳȫԵũׯپʦֶμӹɡ
ԣά˹Ҳ֪õЩˣԱ÷ԱƼ
Աƺ֪ά˹˻Ƽһ㣬Եò⣬΢ЦƼ˼Ʒ֮ʾΪ˸лʥ壬ƵԸһΪҪʳĵĲˡ
ΪڻĻУż飬ƵԸַʽԿ˵ף
㣿ά˹˶һۣά˹˵Ļ̫лˡ
Ա΢ЦűʾлȻԵȣת뿪
Աߺ˹˵׹һܻӭʳģ׹Ը㡣
ά˹ҵʳĻĲͬˣ׹˵ȷϲ㣬ڻĻУȷʵż飬һҲϲ㡣ڻҲԹ㣬ζԣΪ׹˲㣬ҲǲԸһҪԭ򡣶ԵũׯζǾԿڴġ
ά˹˵ȫƵƵͷȷ׹֮ԲܻӭûʲôԭֻΪóԶѡ
ȷΪ׹˲ں㣬Ϊ㱾Ͳóԡ
ԴԵũׯȻֵڴġ



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û೤ʱ䣬ά˹Ĳ˱
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ά˹Ϊ֮ǰûɣǱ־ϵƬʵԡ
˹ðɣΪ֮ǰĻɱʾǸֻǣۼ˭ܹţ
ά˹ֵڻôһ˵ɫζȫڣɫ˲˼飬㡯ԵֵջڡζѾȲ
˹ȻƻôĲˣջʵ̫룬ӦѾˡ
˹ȷѾˣٺÿҲֻʳʳעԵģͿʼɣҵȳһ㣬һҿɾͶˡ
˷׷ӣᰮʳǣȻõ˳
һ֮󣬴ÿˬµıܹóǴʱģǷǳ𺳵ġ
ӳ˵һ֮󣬱û˵ֱеĲ˱˸ɸɾ
ά˹ĺһ˵һ仰ʥľһȷľ֮һ
˹˹Ҳǳͬ
һֱ˵Լѷ˵һֱ׹֮Աǵ㣬Ȼ˵ζ׹ĴǣȴûԸʳã̫źˡ
ά˹˵ԼѷȻ׹˲ϲ㣬кܴԭ򡣵е㶼ζطҲԹζȻıֱ֮֮Իζԭ㱾ͳʦĳռڣ֪ǣԭ˭˭Σ
˹ͷֻ㣬ǸոճԵеĲˣζ˲ĳ̶ȣΪԭ˭˭ΣǱҪ֪𰸡
Լѷôά˹˹Ϊԭ򣿡
ά˹ݡȫʳ֮á־ĽܣԼǵ֮ĸܣΪʳıƷʣҪԭ򡣵ȻҪһ
˹ҲûΪӦʳıƷҪԭ򡣶ңҲеϣʳĵıҪԭ򡣡
ŶΪʲôϣά˹֮⣬һʱ֮ûԭ
ܿ죬Ǿ׹
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Ϊǲһֱǳʦļ˵ֻܳԵζ
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Ȼζв࣬Ӧò̫ٱȳʦĲҪСöࡣ
ңЩʳģǶ۵ġ
֮Լѷֵôά˹Ӧȷϣ
ά˹ܼ򵥣ԼһͿˡ󲿷ֵʳĶǶ۵ģȥһЩʳģֻ߲һ㣬߲˿ʳ㵱ȻҲԣûһ͸ˡ֮ƾǶʳζо룬ǻ׵жϳ
ά˹⻰۾һ˹˵һ⣬ǻʲô߰ɡ
ǣһ˽߳Ե¥
˹ʵߣ
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ǾƵ͵ģʥԼܱߵĵͼ
ڵͼָ£һũׯ߲һ
߲߲ˣ˹п֮ǰԷʱҾ֪ұҪһΣΪ־ϵƬʵԶǸڹȻˣЩ߲̫ˣֱƬϻҪ
ά˹ﹺ߲ҪԼժȡǷǳİȥһ㡣
˹æά˹ҺһȥҵְǴӲժ
ά˹õģ߰ɣ˵˿治١
˴ڴ뵽˵Ѿвٵοժȡ߲ˡ
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ά˹ֵðɣ˹ͽˣԸıݻɹ
˹ȻɹޣѾ֪ôˣ͹ȥ



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ά˹˹Χ˴ˣûдڴ˿ֵ˸ࡣ
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ά˹ðɣ˹ٴףˡ
һΣ˹ȻȷˣʱֿҪȥСʱʱ˹ڵһ㣬ƵĽء
˹Եú˷ܣЦôҵĻǣ㲻ɣƯ
ά˹ðɣ˹ɵƯҲȷǳƯôһ㣬Ѿ㹻ˣ߰ɡ
༸˶˵ͷǵֻΪ飬һ㹻ˡ
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ӲǱˣո·˼˵ĶԻ
ңŲµ⼸ˣ׼Եԭų˵
ά˹һۣЦ˵лл㣬ѣǵȷΪ㷳գܹǣ̫ˡҽά˹⣬һԳŲ²һѵݡѵ֣ǽ
Է²Լݣ⣬߽ά˹ˣЦãά˹ûв´ĻӦΪһڵġʳ֮áİɡ
ά˹ͬЦãǵȷΪʳ֮áģҲΪˣҲܲ²ݡ־ȻûƬȴϢϡ
Ȼˡ˵Ҳӿ϶ԼոյĲ²⡣
Щŷѡƹϣһ㣬߲ˣ࣬ӦһЩʳıζΣ
Դˣе⣬ЩγԵ¥ķ˵ˣ϶ʡ
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Խ֮󣬱˺ܶʣҪũׯ˽⽻
żȻ˷ܡ
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ά˹˹ȥ˳˹Լѷȴ
һСʱ֮󣬴ά˹˹˶ųƷ˳ˡ
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ά˹ǹһЦ˵ǾһһҶһǳÿ͵ӡ
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ȻΪά˹ĳճԵ¥ĴǣǴά˹ѾܹȷԵ¥Ĳ֮ôóԣҪԭΪЩʳıԵʡ
ʳıԭ򣬰㽫ռٷ֮ʮϡ
ȻⲢ˵ʦĳվͲҪڴά˹˵ζȣֱͲ̫Զˡ
ά˹˵ɫȻΪʲôô˷ܣԤ֮С
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ά˹һЦȻ֪͵ĳǷǳġ
û취ĳĻ̫ڲΪϵȻʴӱҲ¿๤վΪʱϵδѧٶȻô
Ц֮󣬴ά˹ҡͷ̾ǻĳ̫ӣ˵ʵ̫ˡ
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ά˹ǺһЦپ⣬ѾõϣĴ𰸣ͱǿ԰ʳģȥԼӹǰ׹ʳζȻҲǷǳζġ
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һʥ壬Ե˼Ʒʳҵ˸ּƷʳģԴά˹˵һ־޴ľϲջ
һεʥ֮УҲǴά˹ˣѰʳ֮УΪɹһΡ

ά˹˲ǽӵΨһףʵϣĴ˲˵Ӱ
ǴΪȫʳ֮áҲһЩΪáľա˹Ƶȳĸ˵Ӱ
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Դˣǵǲ⣬ǿԵũׯĵطӦģҲǳġ
ңũׯôˣҲһԺС
ǿЩˣΪĳԵʶ¶֮ɫʱԺиǿҡ
ڴĳһطһȺ˾Сţڴˡ
ٺ٣ھ뿴Щ˳Ծı飬Ÿоǳˬ
ҹԺ˻ԽԽ࣬öһЩĻ椣ž͹񫡣
УǻŮƯ
˵ũׯܹЩ˸е𾪵Ķʲô
˸е𾪵ģȻǻׯˡ
ûǻׯޣȻ԰Щ򡣡
ֻǿϧׯǺѳ֣˵Ҷûмȫũׯҵ쿴׷ƣ֮Ҳûˡ
ղݣ֪ɣһֶûء
ٺ٣ãҼһХ죬ҵ죡չ10׵Ȼѹ֮УûмǾ޷ġ
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Ƕ밡ǲ룬Ǿͻġ
ǰԸܹǰɣϾżǻֵġ

һȺ˵š
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ȻһȻƺʶʲô˲ֱʮ˷ܺͼæ̧ͷտȥ
ֻ֮пտҲʲôûУ˲ɣոմ֮еȷһХ
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⻰ǲһ֪ĳЩˣһץɣھ޴ǰȻѡա
Ҳһ˵Ҹоʲôʮ־ʵҪˡ




ڰ˰ٰʮ Ӿ
ȫũׯеˣ˸ոһХ
˶˷ּ̧ͷ죬пտҲʱźʧһ̾Ϣ
ǼԿ϶ոһХũׯׯ֮һХ졣
ȻֻȴΣʵź
ҲһЩ˲û˸еʧƺԽԽ˷ܡ
֮˲ԣԭ򣬶Է˵㲻֪ХĻԵ޹ʵķХڣֻΣпХڷĳ־֮Ҳ˵ںпʲôҰҪũׯ¡ٺ٣һ˵кϷɿҿҪ۾ˣ˾̫ϧˡ
棿Ϸģ֮һֱʮ˷ܣæٴ̧ͷ۾һգգ֮ͣ
ôĳ棬һοɻѣ룺ոյһХʲôЩӥࡢХȴҪƳöࡣУЩΪʲôһХ֮󣬶ô˷ܵգ֮ʲôû
ǻ϶ǵһʥ壬һڵġȫʳ֮á־ϣᵽԵũׯлׯػشԡ
ЩοȻţȻǴԣȻˡ
ԣһʱ֮䣬Ҳû뵽ոյХũׯĻׯʲôϵ
ҲеοͶû뵽һ㡣
磬ά˹˹һˡ
տʼʱȻҲͬɻ󲻽⣬ܿ죬ά˹оһݣ˵Ǽǲǵãڡȫʳ֮á־УᵽԵũׯлׯػĴԣ
˹Ȼǵãҿʮϸά˹ЩȻǴԣȻš㲻ΪոһХʹеĻׯйذɣ
˹ԼѷԣҲȫɻĿά˹
ά˹ҡͷҲֻ֪ǳ벻бʲôԭܹЩǵ־ٶ
ԼѷΨһԿ϶ǣЩ˴ʱ־ٶһ͸ոյһХйءһХȷӦĳֶ﷢ģׯ޲һȫǴԡ
ά˹ͷҲΪׯ޻ȷǴڵģֻûд֮еôš
ʱֻ˹һͺȻָеĳһ˵ޣԼѷά˹룬˵ӦȷģǿǱߣЩʲô
˹һͺôά˹Լѷ˶һæ̧ͷ˹ָķȥ
һ˶ʱһֻԶĸ߿֮УʮСڵ㣬ڿٵǰƶ
ά˹Ӧһӥ࣬ôôࣿ
ԼѷѵЩǻׯޣǲ١ǸոļХƺǴǸ򴫹ġ
˹ֵׯޣǲ٣ֻǷеٶƺǺܿ죬УҪ
ά˹Ƿеٶȼ죬ֻھ̫ԶǵĸоеƺˡǲǻׯޣҪ˵ֻǣУׯȫӴ󣬵ЩӥͣӦӥͷΧ֮ڡȻǸոҲ˵ˣڻׯ޵ĴԿ϶ڿţЩӥǻׯҲпܵġ
˹ά˹жϳʲôӥ𣿡
ά˹ҡͷ̫Զ޷׼ȷжϣ¿ԿӦֻͨӥ࣬ںܶطܳ
˹ɻȻܳǰ˵Ӧòǻׯ޲ŶԣôӥͻȻ֣Ϊʲô
ά˹ҡͷ˵׼ȿ˵

ά˹˹˿зһȺӥũׯˣȻҲˡ
οά˹һҲ㲻ף֮ΪʲôͻȻʮֻӥ
һЩ˼οͣҲͻȻˣԵũׯлׯػĴԣѵģЩͻȻֵӥνĻׯޣֻǣЩӥôҲܹ֮ΪޡɣԹȻš

Ȼοȴһ˷ܲѡ
۹ӥôӥͬʱϮȻҪ鰡
Х֮ǰȻڷֻ֮ЩһƺûаѾ֮ϡ
˶࣬ԣӥ࣬ҪһѰɡʮֻӥ֣սƲС
ж°ӥӦǳԻİɡôǵĿӦþҰζֳԳЩҰζСˡǱ󣬺֡
ЩһȷҪһѡкϷˡ
ﻹˣȻ顣˵Х׼ʲôʱ֣
Хɲ׳֣ƻپһΣԷһλᣬǺܴȵĲǡ

ȻʱһӼƳХӸ߿֮д



ڰ˰پʮ µȻ
οһХиӵ˷ܺͼХĵڶξˡ
ЩһȻӾ棬ǰĻХпܾҪˡ
Х칥ǻһĳ棿춯صĴսǳѹ
ֳû˼Ҳû֪
ֻһХ칥ʱĻ棬һοǾ˷ܡѡ
ԣٵοͷ׷ЩһܹӲһ㣬ҪХŻȥˡ
ҪХ칥ʱĻ棬һǷǳ𺳵ģЩӥҲͨӥûʲôֵ

Хĵڶ棬ȻҲ˴ά˹˹˵ĶС
һΣܹıϳǸոХԶ֮еһȺӥһ
ѵ
ͬʱһݣƺ֪ˡ
ά˹һЦ˵ǲҲµˣûһȺӥǻׯޣҪũׯʳ
Ӧ뵽ģũׯĳ˵϶Ҳһֺջʳʵ̫ˡ
ХĶĻׯޣھһȺһҪٿˡ
ֻǣһȺһƺûỤׯ޵ľ棬ȻԼٶȿ
˹̾һׯĴˣš
ά˹Ӧˣֻǲ֪սôǲܹػũׯ
˹ΪӦܹػġ룬ЩӥҪũׯʳ϶ǵһΣ֮ǰ϶Ҳֻׯ޸ˡҪΪʲôֻ֪ǲ²⡣
Լѷ˵һλЩ鷳Էʵ̫ˣׯҪԸǣҲס
˹ðɣԼѷ˵ҲеΣڳȤͺ棬֪֮еĻׯʲôģ
ά˹ǴҶһܺ档ң֮еĻׯ޲ֻһ֡ĻҪࡣ
⻰˹Լѷ˺ͬ
û˭õ֮еĻׯޣȻĴء
ʱ˹˵ЩһԽԽˣͿ治СһλȷЩ鷳ˡ
ά˹ҲܹˣȷȫЩͨӥࡣЩһ͵ȷܴսҲ͡
˹һ˵쿴Щһڸʲô˴֮ľԽԽԶòڰʲôͰɣѵǻսЩһôߣ
ά˹ǲս֪һԿ϶ǾЩһһĲʹ뿪ˡ
Լѷ۾һ˷ܵǸǾܿеĻׯޣһģˣ
ά˹һЦ˵ѾЩȲˣԸʧ
˹˹Ҳͬ۾ԣǵҲһȲ

ά˹˿һȺӥӾ棬ûоʹ뿪˼ũׯοǣȻҲˡ
ЩοͣҲ֪ˣׯĴڡ
˷ܡ֮£ҲԻׯ޵׳ʲôģڴ
һڻοǣʱҲͬ˷ܡЩӥȻûбХߣ˲òǵ
ֻ˵ʳջѾǷðΣҲҪһѡ
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ʱХӦÿҪչж˰ɡ
һͷͷø߿֮УδХ
֮ǰΣӼ񡢺Ƴ
ң಻
ֻоһεХԽԽԴƺԽԽ
ѵ
ƺȫ뵽ʲôͻȻø˷ܺͼȫ͵һͷ
ֻڼߵ֮Уһֻɫľ޵ԼٶȣһȺӥķ򣬸ȥ
տʼʱ˻ɫ޵жֻǸоһĵҪһЩ
ңһȺӥҲ˶١
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ţȻࡣ
ֱ˵һȻũׯ󲻿˼ľ֮
˶𾪵Ŀ֮УԼٶȸµȻ
֮Х˶ˣΪǿҵӾУʵ̫ˣ𺳵˸оȫ޷
ά˹˹˹ԼѷһˣȻҲ⡣
˹⡭ǻׯޣϡϵۣҵ׿ʲôж󣿡
ά˹ͬ޷ƽչٳ10ףϵۣ̫ˣ̫ˡһԵȻĵȷȷӦñ֮Ϊޡ
Լѷ鲻ԽģһʿˮĶ૵Ǵ֮еĻׯ𣿡
˹Ѿ׵˵



ڰ˰پʮһ ̿
ũׯ
˶㶵Ŀ֮УһȺӥХ졣
Щ֮ǰ룬ũׯĻׯ޵ܲսʤһȺӥˣʱﻹаĻɡ
ȻԷ࣬Ĳʵ̫͡ٶȡȫһϡ
ԭΪһʵɱսڿӦǲˡ
ȻХһȺӥһʱһȺӥѾš
Хٶֻ֣̿ųƺҪĴɢ
ʱһֻӥ߿ĶХ˼
Х֮ԭҪĴӴܵӥȺȶХҲû֮ǰĻ̿֡
һĻõϲٵ˾һȺӥƺں֮ڣ쵼ӥ
һֻӥʱӥȺ졣
⵹Ҳ⿪еһЩɻ󣬹ֲһȺһũׯʳԭ֯Ԥıġ
Ⱥ֮У˹п˴۽磬ܶදԶ֪Ҫߡ
ά˹еȷкܶĴڣһΣһȺӥҲȷ֯ģҲһĲԡ˫̫κβֻıƣãĽֻѸٵ߽⡣
ԼѷûӥȺĿǰΪֹûɢ룬̶ֳȣѾܲˡ
ά˹ͷȷǺܲˣӥȺֲƬˡ
˹Ȼֵԣǿӥӥ֮ľ룬ԽԽҲĴɢӡ
ά˹һ˵ЩһĻҪҪûׯ޹˵˶˲ӹȻǵǲҲԶԶǻׯ޵Ķ֡ӵĻ˵ӥܹҳɹ
ԼѷЩһﲻ֯üƣһȺ˾ļһ
˹ֵңƺѾũׯϿգѾԸ岶ʳˣܹĻ
ά˹ôĿԴɡ

ά˹˿ӥȺĲԣũׯȻҲܹ
ò˵ȷһȺܴӥʹõĲҲȷ
һЩοͲѵһЩһܽҳɹĲ׽ôһֻ
ȻȻΪХӴͣͼٶ𺳣ԷʮֻӥȫɢХҪƵĻҲỨһЩʱ䡣
ʱ֮ڣ㹻Щʱûбӥˡ
Ҫ֪һȺӥٶȹȻХ죬Ҳ
οȴ룺ЩһΪ̫ܵˣ
ôĽĻΣ
˶ɴ۾Ķ֮еХӥȺ
ʱ򣬴ѾӼХ֮УһЩøȥ۲ͷĿǰ֮еľơ
ͻȻܶһֻɢӥȺ֮УмֻԶӥͻȻ䣬ͬʱԼٶ¸塣
˶ףǼֻӥչ˲׽ж
⼸ֻӥǶֻһֻӥ
༸ֻӥͬʱ壬ֻΪڻХ첻֪˭
Щһûô߰ɣ
УüֻԶӥͬʱ¸壬Хѡ˭
һλӥɹ
˵Ժ֮Уһ˲ôͷ
ȻЩͷû꣬ͼ֮УٶȱѾХ죬ͻȻٶȱø죬һİ׹⣬һֻµӥȥ
˷Ӧ֮ǰһֻ¸ӥѾʧ
ţ׹Ⱥ༸ֻ¸ӥǼֻӥҲͬʧ
ǵʧȺ˳ģ˵ȴͬͬʱʧһ㡣
ֻΪһ׹ٶʵ̫졣
ڼֻӥʧ֮֮һγХӴޱȵٶҲ仺ûټЩӥ
ſ壬ǼֻʧӥʱХ޴צץצС
⡭
ũׯѾ׵ľˣԭΪХ츩µٶȣٶˡ
Х췢𹥻ٶȣȴʱٶȸá硱һݣš
˶Լ۾ȴ֪Ǹոģʵ
֮еӥȺҲԵɵˣҲʱһ룬굽ʲôͣ͸ǲ࣬Ϊ֮ٶ֮죿Ҫô㣿⻹ĲʳЩƷζ𣿻ʳëԾǶҲܲʳɹˡʱӣʱ
ǣӥȺڽƬ֮ͻȻ̿Ĵɢ
һֻ죬ҲɢĴ֮С
ʱһǱģ룬ֱûˡ
ȺӥӣХ޴ȴڿֹͣĴɢӥȺ˿û׷˼
ˣצһɣոץצеļֻӥ˲ӿе䡣
һĸ߶֮ũׯ˾㵵Ŀ֮Уų򣬻̿ɢȥ
ԭХ첢ûɱǡ
ӥȺɢӿ֮ХһХԼٶȳʧ



ڰ˰پʮ ũׯػ
ХӥȺʧƲ֮ϡ
ХڴʧеĹ˵ʵʱ̣ܶһӵʱ䡣
Ȼⲻһӵʱ䣬ȴũׯеˣеȵ˷ܺͼҲ߸ǵ֪
ǽһũׯοǣʼŻׯһ˵ŵȷӦлׯޣ϶ûд֮еôţٵڳ׵ͬ˻ׯ޵Ĵڡ
ңׯȻȴУ˾ò˼顣
Ҫǣǽģֻǻׯޡ
ǻһȺӥҪͨŶӺǲ
ңѾ㹻ˣũׯĺܶοͶΪǺпܻɹ
ȻḶһĴۣվǻɹĲ׽ﲻǡ
ȻӥȺû뵽Ҳû뵽ХӴȻּܹ޵ٶȡ
ٶȣӥȺʮȷĲԣû˰ô
˶֪ХҪɱһȺӥԻڼ̵ʱɣκһֻӥӲ
һȺӥͬʱŸӴܡ
һȺӥڼʶХٶ֮ȻҲʶһ㣬Żڵһʱ䣬̿Ĵɢ
Х첢ûлɱǵȤǲܹ԰ȫ롣
Х첻ûлɱǣץצеļֻӥûлɱ
ȻХЩӥûʸΪĶ֣ɱʸûС
ȻҲпХãԸɱǣ˭֪أ
˫սʵ̫ս˵ûʼѾѾĿһеˣ˷ܡˡ
ڣũׯţո飬˷ܵıдÿһ˵ϡ
һЩοԭţлׯǺÿЩο𾪵ı顣
ȴ˭֪Լϵı飬ҲЩοͲࡣ
û취˭øոշһĻĻ̫ء
𾪣վͻҪЩοСһ㡣
ΪһοͻȻ뵽һ⣬Ǳڴ֮УũׯĻׯ޲ֹһ֣кü֡
ոĵޣӦþХˡ
ôļֻʲôģǷͬӴսǷͬǿ
뵽˴һο˷֮£Ե÷ǳͣǺҸЩοͣһ༸ֻׯ޵
ȻǵĻˮƽʵǲôճļ򵥽Уׯ޵Ȼǲˡ
Ǻһ󽹼ȴûʲôİ취
ȻҲмһЩο͵ĻˮƽУǿǿҲˡ
磬˴໤ׯĴά˹
װѣ˵ũׯкüֻׯޣԸǼ򵥵˵һ˵𣿡
֮ˣһСӡ
СӼһȺԼˮƽҲһʱ˷ܺ͵⣬㽫Լ֪ģڻׯ޵ϢΪϸ˵һ顣
˵֪ľЩˣʵ˸ոյХ֮⣬ǣҲûмҪԵ֣뿴ܿġʵǵѾǳˣһͿһĻĽʺˡ
С˵꣬ڰָ뿪ˡ
ά˹룬С˵ĺеǵһͿһĻ֤ĸԵǳ
ֻǣոСӹڻׯ޵Ľܣû㣬ӵͣԻׯ޵ȤͺŨ
ںǺڣ֮ǰʱûڻׯ޵Ϣ
ҲֻǸʱ򣬸ͲŻׯ޵Ĵڡ
ѾˣҲֻź
֮⣬˽⻤ׯ޵ˣӦþũׯһԱˡ
ά˹ܿ뵽һ㣬۾һ˵ǲӦοǴģӦȥũׯĹԱǿ϶ο֪Ķࡣ
˹Լѷ۾Ҳһ
ǣһ²ũׯԱڻׯ޵ȥˡ

ȻҲˣո֮зХǼһɢӥȺ֮󣬻ʮֵ
ҲģХġٽ
ХȻƵʧ˵ǰ
һЦյȥ
ȻȻһֻ˾ǵĴǷǳõġ
Ϊеĳﶼѡңũׯܹ֮ôңХ졢ɵ׷ƵȳǵĹҲǷǳġ
Ҫ֪ũׯĹģԽԽ󣬰ɽϵĶǣҲԽԽ
ӥҰӡ⬡ȶǻԾ
ûгǵػũׯ綼εĶƻˡ
ǻѴػֻʹһЩ˿ƼЧҲ롣
ԣԵũׯܹӪХ졢ɵ׷Ƶȳǣʹΰ
ũׯػ



ڰ˰پʮ Ȼ
صУ߽鷿򿪵ԡ
621ţ֮ǰӦ˺桶ҡĸ磬20ҽṩǡ
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ˡҡֱӳʵ֮⣬ĿǰصƷУһݡ֡ƤƤ³³ϵй¡Ѫ
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ҲǳģԼһЩ飬ǰѡǣԼɫϣ˷ǳϸĽ顣
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ڰ˰پʮ ֹֽܵһ
ԺѽɾĹһ룬ֽɾʮ
аΰ룬ȲпѪ飬ȴֶ顢顣
һˣǺˣǻˣ
⣬Ҳ֪λش
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˵һʵˣһѪ⣬Ǹеʵˡ
ϣж໥˶Ը񣬿ȥƺһʵˡ
Ĺ£ͷβĶһ飬ͻ֣ᷢͬʱӵ໥˶Ը񣬲ȥӵʵӵѪ⡣
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ʯɡ¼ֵ֮һ·»ǿ㣬ҽ丸ĸֽһھɱ
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ԭҸѩˣת˲֮Ϊһ¶
޵Ļ棬׵ѩʸҪΪԼļ˱ѩޡ
ʱѩʱڵ㲻ҪΪѩ޶
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ƶҩҪ߶
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嶾֮̽ãɽׯׯκҩѩˡ
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κҩѩ˹黹ѩȴ˵ѩ߽֮һ黹
κҩһѩˣ˻˹ϵ
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ѩ˰ͻ¼ңҾٶ¼Ҽչж
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Ȼѩ˱ñˣȫһõƤȴȻû͸¶֡һЦ˵ǸŮʤ͸¶֡
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һֹֽܣڶе



ڰ˰پʮ һ
ѩ˰Լڣɽ֮۵һĶ֮е
Ӵ֮󣬽ҲûнɾϢû֪ɾǻҲû֪ɾ
κҩһֱڽѰѩˣһҾʮꡣ
һֱڼУѩǰ뿪
һͬҲʮ꣬ŮѾˡ
֪ѩѾˣɽ֮۵Ķ֮С
ֱԬ־֮зǸĶѩ˵ʬǡ
һֹֽܲŵΪ
Ԭ־书ɣ»ɽʼѩѾȥϢڽϴ
ǷǶԹ𣬶鳾ɾѩ˵Ĵ˵ڻһš
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ڣݹ۽ɾһڽɾۣǴﵽǰδеĸ߳
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Ԥ֮УɾȷҲΪнɾĴڣáѪһ飬˸ߵ
֪ɾеĹˣҲ֪ˣɾֹֽܣΪʲôһ˹ڣɽ֮۵Ķ֮СȻȴ֪ȥˡ
ǰȥأɾһȫɱ㱻裬ޣȷӦñ뱨
Ȼɱֱӳ·»֮ȴδͣ֡Ҫɱ¼ʮˣ¼ҸŮʮˡ
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κҩһŮӣҲһŮӡΪѩ˸УѩȴһҲѩֻ
ԣ󣬺κҩ֪ѩˣһŮӺ߳ŭĽѩ˴ñˣǸŮ˭ʱһ㶼úκҩ񶾣ֻǾǳ
ǰκҩǳ˵ѩ˹Ȼѩ˴ûаʼʱѩ˲ûоܾκҩİ⣬˵Ժٻ͸κҩˣѩҲĴ
Ȼ֪ѩ֮Բܾκҩİ⣬ֻΪúκҩİȡ
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֮Ա¼ܣҲȫΪǡΪһҩӸֶ˸ȵģŷ˾裬ձܡ
ĽԶܱ¼סġȻҲǱƭŻὫһ룬ҩӸ˸ѩ˺ȡ
ѩ˱ֽ֮ŽնϣܾĥȻȴһҲûԹǡ
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κҩΪѩˣòһСѩΪǣ򸶳
ǶǳˣҲǿˣֻܹ˸ǿһЦ
Ҳͬǳˣˣ¼ҿѩˣȴ֪ԶҲȲѩˣѩ˻һŮվһЩС
ѩˡǡκҩ˶ǿ֮ˡԬ־ѭǵԸĹǻѩ˺ᣬκҩҲͬˣͬһĶ֮С󣬺κҩڸѩ˹һˣ֪㲻һ˿ο
ѩ˵ĽģһҲȴǷǳʵġϣһĴ˵ʵ˵ֶһǱǽɾѩˡ




ڰ˰پʮ ɹʧܣ
ŽɾǺˣҲǻ˵ֹֽܣݹһ̫ĵط˽ֵ
аעΪеľ
ľ󣬳˱ǽֵ֮⣬ȻҲˣһǵע⡣
ңǵӽǣ΢һЩһ
ѩ̻üɹǺˣǻˣŶص
˵Ѫ֮ӡĲԬ־ǽɾѩˡ
Ҳ˵ѪⱾԽɾĿ̻ȶԬ־Ŀ̻ӳɹ
һƷĶǵĿ̻ȶǵĿ̻ӳɹ
ôһ⡣
ⲿƷǳɹˣʧˣ
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ݹۡѪһ飬ԽɾĿ̻ɲɹġ
ôѪⱾ飬ʧܻǳɹ
ԽɾĿ̻Ԭ־ӳɹǹӹΪ֮ⱾԦʧܣŵĽ
ʵչӹԭ룬Ԭ־Ŀ̻ǿ϶ҪȽɾӳɹġ
ôǲǿ˵ѪⱾʵһʧܵƷ
ȻⲢ˵ɾﲻپ䡣ܡѪʧܻǳɹɾעǾһ㲻ûɣҲû˻ϡ
Ҳ˵ѪⱾдòá
ʵϣûнɾѪҲͬһƷ
˵ġʧܡָǽɾΪһǣȴ̻ıǸӳɹ
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ҾûһֿģǸһˣӹս𣿻˵ӹƷһľʣָӹƷѵ۷壬ûĿˡ
صġİ򡶱ѪսġİҲˣȷܾʣпܸɹѪġ
ӹȻҲʶһ㣬ԲŻѾĻĿ̻ˣɾһ׼ʤ
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˽ɾġѪȻ׵Ľİնڽ¡ΪɾĿ̻ȷʵ̫ɹˡ
ţ˵ҲпܡԭĻӹȻô¡ڵƷûʲôһ辶׵ĳɹˡ
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ĿǰĽ׶˵ӹƷȷˡⲢӹԺƷˡҪ֪ӹڻᣬٳ꣬ƷߵĿǺܴġ
⻰ûǼ֮ˣսһڵҪԽӹȻò̫ʱ䡣ȵԺӹƷͻͽʱ򣬻Ѿһˡ
ڵ˶ôͣЩϼһҲŬˣϼءʮصĴ飬ܲӦǲǡ
⻰ûȻĴʱˣҲһѰɡ
ٺ٣ȻҪһѣǣСϢ˵С˵пܻãʱѧѡʸ񡣴Ŭܶɣںء
ʱѧⲻܰɣϢɿ
ȻСϢˣȻǲɿġ޷粻ˣ˭֪أ



ڰ˰پʮ 
־磬İ칫ҡ
˵СƣѪᣬʲô
һʵĽһ񣬵ЦЦһ˿֮ɫ۵˵࣬ĿǰġѪӰȷҪҵġİ󡣲ѪӰ֮ôȫɾѩһˡѪû˭ʤ˭˵ˡңҵʤʸ󡣡
üͷ΢΢һ壬˵Сƣ˵ȷʲôûнɾѩѪ˵һƷһǲǿ˵ûǸǲƷʵҲô
һһ˿õɫƺҪһջ˵ǣ֪࣬ˡ
ͷֵôΪڡѪУΪʲôֽɾѩˣǿ̻ĸӳɹ
һһ㣬ߵȦҲ۹һΪԭһǣӹ㣬ûмԦõĲǣӹΪ֮ƫ棬ʤҲΪӦþԭ֮һһֻ֣йӹԼˡ
ͷûҵʱҲóĽۡôСƣϣһԭ򣿡
һмһЦ˵࣬һԭ˵һһԲض˵һα㣬һɾһαʱ򣬿ɾûôˡ
ڵڶԭܹʤȻ˵ʵȷǳǿΪʲôҪʤΪƷѾûʲôߣѾûʤҵİաһΣʤĳɹʣͲôˡԣԭ򣬶˵һ
һûзϽһ˵һЦ˵ġİǡҲҪˣúõ׼ɡ⣬ѾӰӹ˾ԡİĵӾıȤں־̸һ˽һһʱ֪ͨġ
һɫ̱üĵȻġ
֮ǰһЩϢ˵Ӱӹ˾ġİȤֻǲȷ
ڣһ˵Ȼȷˡ
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ЦЦ˵ֻҪƷӲһ֪Ⱥͻ㣬Ȩ£ŬɣԺİȨ
һæǣ࣬һġ

˵ɾѩˣ۵Ľ㣬Ѫеݾûۡ
ڣɾѩ˵ĹѾѪĹ£ȴûнǶڼġѪ֣Ƿǳڴġ
ʱ䵽623һ죬һڡЦУѪҲӭ˴֡
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ȻƾǺ󣬴Ͱܻ°Ϊ
ԼŮɫŲԣԬ־ֿѣĹҡ
Գ֮ǰ¼յŵ̡
غ󣬴ɾҵũת˲Ұܡ
Ԭ־༰һͬսںƮ⣬رء
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һ˵书ٸߣԺܶʱҲΪ
ҲǺϲŮ࣬о̫ˡ
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ڰ˰پʮ һһ
ӹġѪᣬһġİҲѾӽβᡣ
Ʒڿʼ֮˵Ŀ⡣
ѪԲض˵ӹ飬Ŀ
İǽһ򡶱ѪսƷ
һߵƣӹƷһľʡټϽһ˿ȺҾŻԾʹáİĹעȣڡѪ֮¡
صĹ̵УƷ㾭һбȽϣ˭˭Ҳ˲ٵ顣
ֻڻصĹУҶ֪ÿƷĺչĴ࣬ģȴ
ڣѪᣬİᣬƷۺ飬Ҳϴ˹ʶ
Ǳ߱ǡѪϣʵĽҪ߹İ
ԭȻǡѪеĽɾѩһ󣬿̻̫ɹ
ǻС˵ʷϣֵĵһаͣḻԵĸԡ
һ㣬ɾѩԳУһԵľ
ȻˣİǡѪĶ֡
ۣߡԣǽһˣϿɵġ
һֱǳšߵġҾǣҲ
ǸҳǾͲšߵԲˡ
綼ϵʵ㻹ҷԲʲô
˽ɾѩ֮⣬вٵˡ
磬ѪûнɾһѪǡİĶ
Ȼ֪硱ۡһǺȤ
ߵȦҲʹչۺ顣
óĽǣûнɾġѪ治һǡİĶ֡
ȦڡѪΪʲôԳ֣ɾһ˵㿪ʼ
Բ̳˵УһֵĿԸ󣬻˴ģۡ
УԹӹΪ׵һΪȻǹӹΪ֮
ǹӹǿ֣һǣ̻ñǸӳɹȻֱӰһǿ̻ɹҪѵöࡣ
˵ʲôǱĲ㵹Щ߲һһ䡣
ԡҾΪ׵һΪǶȻǹӹĲ
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бȥʹӹԼ˵ʲôԭԼ˵Ϊ֮ôǾˡ
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Ϊһ˵ǿԿ̻ķǳɹǾҪ̻øӳɹ˷ͷǡ
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Ϊһ˵ӹһ÷ΪڡѪУǱǸӳʣʵ
һ⣬ǵȦУʵҲһЩۺ顣
ֱߣѾʶһ΢ĳ֡
΢ģݹۡѪһ飬ҿⱾʵǡϵԬ־֮⣬һصǣǽɾѩˡ
ΪʲôҪ˵ϸһ¡Ѫľ飬֣ᷢľ飬ͽɾǧ˿ƵϵԬ־飬Ҳͽɾйϵ
ĳ̶ֳϿ˵ǽɾˣƶšѪĹµķչԣɾʵҲǡѪǡѪһ˼˫Ʒ
ȻѾʶ꣬ĵλȴɻڡ
һ΢һ֣ܿߵȦӣԼ֮䴫
ǣһһ˫ǣС˵Ʒдߣԣڵһʱ䶼һ㶡
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ЩƷУ˫ǣǶǣǶϵǡ
һһһôԵ˫ǣһǵһ˵
ҵĵһӦЩɣȥƺ
ϸһ롶Ѫľ飬һΪҷľ飬Ǻͽɾǧ˿Ƶϵ
ô˵ɾƺ˵ǡѪǡ
ҪǣȻɾҲǣ񲻾ͱɾĳʣǹӹΪ֮ˡ
֮ǰ˵ȻѾ׼ȷĴ𰸡



ڰ˰پʮ ˭
΢֮ǰ˵䶨
һипӹվǹӹһƷܹˣ;ϲ
ҲһЩĥţԼǲǿȥһһڵȶȡ
ջǷˣɲðգ󻭻ɷȮǾͽЦˡ
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ڽһ㡶Ѫһһǣǹӹⰲŵģ֮ǰķûжĲ
һԼոյ뷨ĵ͸¶Լķ˿ȺҾ
֮ǰһССܸеġҾǣֱ֮ٴλָ֮ǰߵŵ̬

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ڡѪ롶İ֮Ļ
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Զԣ͸Ǻˡ˭˭Ӯǲ⣬ֻҪ֣оʵƷԿС
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ҪôԶǽ鼴УǹӹҲһս
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ҲǣҸ߳Ϳˡ
ӹǣѾڿʼ𣿡

ò˵ҾȷʵЩҸ߳ˡ˵ǹӹǣһǣЩôǣԼĻ⡣
ӹ뽣һ飬ԣǿԤģǿ˭
ȻǹӹˣÿһƷܹ˾ϲ
ҵǿýһһЩһιӹӮȷʵΪɾȻΪӹʵǿôĽɫò˵ȷʵȡɵĳɷ֡һ˵ƷȡɳɹԣһҺýһ񡣡
ţҲýһǼһȻʵȷʵǿ۹Ҳ֮ǰ˵ӹƷһľʡͦ׼ġһιӹġѪûнɾĻ֮ǰƷԣһҲýһ񡣡
һȷսӹʸ񣬲һǿùӹһֹӹɲĸо
ӹȷʵǳأĿǰΪֹֻ֪䲻棬ȫȻһ֪
ҲùӹҸоӹʵͺһһظСԶ֪һƷľϲ

˿ùӹ˿ýһÿһ˶Լɣֻ߸Ÿоߣо˭Ӯ
ܿ˭һԿ϶ǾǴҶԹӹ뽣һһν壬ŷǳȤڴ

ۣһҲۣͬǶ˵һν棬ҲͬǳȤ
ӹȣһĳ徢㣬ƺһαһ㡣ԣҵǱȽϿýһ񡣡
һġİԱĵһƷǽ˺ܶࡣ˵Ľǳټ˷ڣһƷǸӵķͬСɡԣҲýһ񡣡
ţ͹ϷƺȷǽһӮĿԸ󡣵ǿǧСӹȻΪĹϵƷڶʱڣܺʲôͻƣҪ䣬ƺҲ̫סԣһǿùӹ
ţǹӹɣȡһƣȴһơ۽һ񣬿徢㣬ƣͷҲͳơҿһһΣйͷơ
ӹ뽣һˣڿνĽ㣬Ľý
ɲǣڽһĿ֮˼ٲȻǸӹĴˡвФƻЩ뽣һһʵҲȽһٵˣϣѾԶ罣һˡ˵һ˵һ㣬ôҪڻġȻǰǱҪ㹻ʵ
ɲô




ھŰ Ϣ
ʥ塣
µ죬˵ͱ䣬һ󣬺ܿգһĲʺ߹ա
ʺ磬˶֪ʵʵʺĻᣬȴǺܶ࣬ЩûмʵĲʺ硣
ԣһĲʺ磬ʥϷʱոĴܱοǣȫȸԾ̧ͷеĲʺ硣
ֻգ¼æòֺ֮Ув˶ǵһοʺ硣
һЩСһǸǻϲֱֱţŶҿʺˣҿʺˣƯ
Եǰ֣Ϊп˵һʺ統ǷǳƯҲǳҼĲʺ粢٣һȴƯġ
ҲĲʺУӦҲһƯĲʺ綼Ҫȱ𴦵⵹Ҳ档
һЦ˵ãĲʺȷټһҲͳôΰɡ
Сڵɪˣ׼ˣ׼ʲôʱ򷢣
˰ɣһҪһжƪƷҲ׼á
Ŷжƪ֣˾ɻĿһۣ˵һǽһӦҲս׼жƪ
ЦЦ˵ǰдĲƪϸЩˣԾдһжƪˡ
֣Ȼ֪νġϸáڿЦджƪƷҲûʲôá
ֻǣʱджƪƷƺһõѡ
ߣԣһЩý壬ɶڶͽһƷأСжƪƷͲ¸ɲǽһ񣿡
νƷ棬ǽһģҲŻôעʵϣҴûоͽһӦΪǸûʲô塣
׽һһֱţҪԼսĿģҪԼ磬ѸٵԼȻٳԽԼΪС˵һˡ
Ϊݾİ취Ҳһֹ취ˣҲܹ⡣
¶˵ûһĺôҲûκε塣
ԣûȤ㡣ǽһҪˡ
ǽƷ뽣һƷȥûа취ˡ
ǣټƷġ
ԴˣҲ⣬͵Ǹ˺ˡ
ڽһĿܹܲʵ֣
һҪԼĿģȻܹʵֵġ
ʵϣĿĲѾʵˡһڵѾС˵İӰӰȨҪȥˡ
һĿģԽԼΪһˣֻ˵һˡ
ԣ޿֣ɽһôᡣ
Ļ֮Цŵ˵ͷ˵ǽһ񽻷棬˵ȷ壬ֻԼıģƷͺá
һԵ֣Ҳͬ΢ЦͷǿΪһʢˣȴ˿ûбһĽŭ̬Ƿǳѵõġ
û̬ƱػᱻԷŭӶҧгݵԷսһҪѶԷܲɡ
һȻܹܽһ񣬵׾ͱּŭ̬ٻӰ쵽ıģʹܹﵽո߶ȣܵһӰ졣
ڣ˿ûбԷӰ죬ܹﵽո߶ȣǻᳬ˵
Դˣ֣˶ǳڴ

ߣԣֻһЩý壬⼸ʱ䶼ڹעţӹ뽣һ˵鶯̬
ֻǣ˵鶯̬ϢǳĴ
ڽһ鶯̬Ϣҷɣ㲻עҲʱʱǰơ
һ˱΢Ѿߵƹܶˡ־Ҳͬ뷽跨ŻͣĴ档
ҾǸǸߵŵĴԲ̳Ӫ֮⣬кܶĵطԾǵӰ
úܶ಻ǣΡ
ȴǶ֪ˣһһߣҪƷˡ
Ʒֽƽ͡һƪС˵
ȻڡҾУδʡ
磬ճңܹעңŵңƪС˵ƷϮûмĽȵȡ
ôôڻ᲻˶ĵǾͲˡ
ڹӹ鶯̬ȴţһ˶෽ȴʼնûдκһϢ
ӹأΨһϵ΢΢ûκεĶ̬
Ц־ҲͬûзκιڹӹϢ
˴绰Ц־ȥѯʣǱǸĸ֪־ҲûйڹӹϢһϢһڵһʱ繫



ھŰһ ˸ߵıǮ
ûеȵӹϢһǱȴִϡ
Ǵ־Ĺٷվ͹ٷ΢ͬʱ־µǩԼңһĳƪС˵İɹ۳ӾıȨ۸Ϊ800ԪӰӹ
ţһҲԼ΢ϣһϢƷİʽ۳ӾıȨ۸Ϊ800ԪİǱ˵ĵڶƷҲǱŻѪ֮ţ˾ʵƷıĵӾ磬ǶȻҲǷǳʵġԣЩϲ磬ȴֲϲС˵עˣǧҪôʵӾˡ
󣬳ӰӹٷҲ֤ʵϢұʾӾ硶İƻѾճ̣֮ͻῪϲѣʱֶ̱ԱĹע
ϢһһƬ궯ܶʵһ⡣
Ҫ֪İǽһĵڶƷڶƷ˵ӾȨһǼ۸񲻵͵800
ȻΪһǡøһʱԭ򣬶һ㹻
˼ҾȨˣһֳɹı־
ٵĽʺޣЩѾãȴûһƷȨߣӲζ
һ£İΪʲôôӾȨһǣȻܹԭ
Ǵڼ䣬ݹӹԽŮıͬӾ硶ԽŮĴɹĿӾг
ͬʱҲøӰӹ˾̨Ǳг
ҲôӰӹ˾ԸͶ磬̨ҲŻȥ๺򣬶Ҽ۸񻹲͡
ξǡİⲿƷ㹻֪Ⱥͻ㡣
ЩȻǽһɹĽ˹ӹĶ磬ġ
ȻǡİⲿƷȷܺá
һƷӲȻܹȨҲҪ
ЩʱԵƺôҪ
ΪõƷֻһһЩ͡İ࣬ҪһƷûܹȨΪʲôİȥˣ
ԭΪİƷ֪ȸߣࡣ
ܶ߶̾һЩһֱнһΪһߣ̫ߵ˼ƫƫ˻࣬ƷӾıȨȥˡ
һɻ󣬸˸ߵŵıǮ˼ȨİȨˡ
һΣһӹսǻиΪһܹʤˡ
ǣ˸̾š
еĸ̾ûдܽһġİܹɹӾȨں̶ܴ϶Ӧøлӹܶȴȥ롣
ǵ￴ֻǣȻⱾܹȨǾ֤ⱾǳãһҲǳ
ȻˣһνһӹƷ棬һӮ᲻
ڡҾ˵ͲӮˣǽһƽ͡Ӯˡ
Ȼ֮ǰҲΪġֻڡİɹȨǵĵ˲
Բ̳ȻӵĻԾҲӵĸߵˡ
۹ĵڶƷ˰Ȩʵ̫ˡ
ǣ˭800Ԫأǹӹ϶Ӳ뽣PKˡ
ڶûκεĻӦǿ϶ǲˡڳɹ˰ȨǿɾǰȨˣܲ£
۹˧ֱ̫˧ˣ

ҾҸ߳ˣӹǿ֮ᡣһЩԣʵǿȥˡ
Щһȷԣǲ֪һġİܹ֮Ȩں̶ܴ϶øлӹҲͰ֡ѵǲ֪ӹĵһƷԽŮͳɹ˰Ȩ𣿡
ǹҲ֪ӹÿһƷ˰ȨǻǶӰӹ˾๺򣬼۸2000ϡ
ЩճΪԵԣĲ֪Ҫǹӹ̫͵ˡ΢һЩԣӦ֪ģֻװ֪ˡ˵ƺһֱġ֪֡ĸߵƺһȥ˲СİϾһЩǣԹӹܲ˽⣬ǵĵ
ˣˣֺˡھ֪ӹƷϢ
Ƕֻ֪ǴصϢҼǵһιӹѪʱ֮ǰҲûκεϢһġЦ֮󣬴Ҳ֪ġ
ףôһ˵ͻȻ֣ӹƺһֱûоͽһսӦ˼ҸûдӦһսǵƷһȽϣԼ˼ֻ˵ǽһ񵥷ٳɵġ
ף֮ǰһֱܵΪӹǴӦ˵ģһ
ҲɣӹûдӦҲûоܾǣ϶͵ӹĬˡ
ţУӹҲʼûгϣ˵ĬϣҲûеȻһԭǣӹԴ˲⣬Ʒ뽣һƷһȽҲãȽҲգ˵ν
ĬҲãҲգ˵ǣһǲǣҲҪȵһڡЦеʱ򣬲֪ӹϢˣ
ţĿǰƺȷӵġ
ðɣǿֻܵˡ




ھŰ Х硷
һƷİɹӾȨһ£ֵ÷зʹӹ֮Ʒһ£ܵĹעȱøߡ
ںܶ˵һЩǳһƺѾʱһεĽ棬ӮҪöˡ
ӹٳٲ̬ǱһЩΪӹǺˣӱܡ
ǰζӮڽһ̫㣬һο϶ýһӮˡ
Ȼȴ֪ӹ̬̫ˡ
ڹӹ᲻ӱܣǾ͵ȵ71һ죬һڵġЦ֮󣬴Ȼ

־磬İ칫ҡ
һڿν洺磬˵࣬һιӹֲ̬ˡⲻҪֻҪһλҸͬڷ飬ҷӮɡ
ĵͷ˵ܺãСƣҪľšҵΪǹӹĻһӦûݱܷâΪڿ϶źܴѹ£ǺѴõƷġΪǿзƷϢһʱ䡣ȻᱻһЩΪӱܣܱ˺á
һһЦ˵Ҳûйϵ̬ٷƷʱǸʱҵƷҲͬøãҲһӮ
ͷ׼˵ȴ
˵
Ž˵࣬Ц־ٷ΢ոշ˹ӹϢ
뽣һͬʱһ㶣ʲôող˵ˣӹܻѡݱܷâôͷϢˣ
ˣ֪ˡ˵
šһ˳ȥٴΰŹϡ
һü࣬㿴⡭
ҲЩü˵ȿЦ־΢˵
˵꣬ڵϽ뵽΢ҳ档
һͷóֻͬ½΢ȻЦ־Ĺٷ΢ո֮ǰһϢ
ɸλѵĺ񰮺ѯֹӹϢХ硷жƪС˵Ʒ71ʽʼء
жƪƷʲôһɻʵ
ҲͬɻڹϣӹһжƪƷʲô˼
˵жƪƷͬзǳƷƪ̫̣볤ƪƷľУһǳơ
ǹӹһδԽŮĶƪƷȻҲĳƪƷ
οһһεƷƽ͡һһεġİ㡣
ӹܿһ㣬ΪʲôҪѡжƪƷѵһεƷȡԽŮ㣿
ˣ롶ƽ͡ľУҲͬᴦơ
ü벻⡣
һȴǺȻ۾һ˵࣬㿴᲻ǹӹѾٴƪƷֲһηֻΪΪһ˺ûӡٻߣ˵ˣһսǿǿŪһжƪƷȹһ˵
Ŀǰƺֻ˵ܹ֮͡ǰ˵ӹ֮󣬻ֱӷĺأû벻һ㡣
һЦЦ˵࣬ȷܹõ಻ҪˣڻֻһˣΪһʱӣ嶯֮£ʵ̫ˡҲѾˣЦ־ϢѾ繫ҲѾˡ
۾һһЦ˵пܵġӹһΣҪΪԼḶˡ
˵һ̾ϧˣӹһҪ̳ˣԱؽӰ죬Ӵֻ֮ѴõƷˡһԽŵҾʹ䣬ʵźҲȡǴľ棿
һȴûκεĸпЦôͰˣҲúź
ЦЦҲ˸п˵СƣһɵðѻպˣԺΪС˵һˣҲǲܡ
С˵һˡ⼸ýһһ飬ģһġ

ӹһжƪС˵ƷХ硷ϢѸɢһƬȻ
ԣߣֻǹעŴµý壬ڵһʱչ˼ҵۡ
ܶ˶ڹӹ΢ԣӹ֤¡
ȻǶ֪ȻЦ־ٷ΢ϵϢȻм٣һҪӹ׿֤ʵ
ΪӹһεƷһжƪƷĻǿɽݾ̫ˡ
һΣҲûеȶãӹ΢˻Ӧ
ǳлҶҵƷĹעǵģûдҵƷȷһжƪƷХ硷71׷ӭҵʱĶ
ӹ΢°϶ĸ֮˲



ھŰ 
һǣӹһֱӲƷǻʲô̫뷨
ϾӹڻǹϵС˵һˣ˼ҲƷǾͱʾ˼һβ棬ȫ˵ͨġ
ڣӹѡһжƪƷǰȥ棬ЩѰζˡ
һǣԼȦ۷׷ףյó뽣һ˵Ľۡ
ǱǹӹһΣӦǴƪƷˣֲΪǺ½һ񣬲뽣һ񽻷棬һжƪƷ
ľǷǳ޴ģҲؽǲпģӹʹ˵̳Ҳǲܡ
ӹڻΪᣬ˴ۣΪʲôͲһʱأ
ٵ߶Ϊӹеź
ӹվ̫ˣϧˣ⽫һŵ䡣
ǣⲿХ硷ܱȽһġƽ͡áǾǲܵġǡХ硷硶ԽŮһ䣬Ҳܡ
ӹˣʹԼԴӰ죬ԺѴõƷǲˡʣС˵شʧΪʲôͲһʱأ
ҵЩġХ硷һƷˡ
Ҳ棬ȵһ쿴ɣҲûˡ

ȻҲе߶еźһЩߣû˿źǳֻ˷ܵĹЦ
ЩߣȻһֱӹ˳۵Щˡ
֮УΪԸܣӹȻ֮ǰ·Ӵߡ
֮ǰСڻѾ˵ָΪ
ֻЩҪ·񣬵Ϊԭʼմ·Ʒǡ
ӹʧȥ֮ǰõĽǮλ˿ȣǶڹӹȻҲͻˡ
ڿӹ˵̳Ŀԣﻹˣ
ӹ˲Ǻקôһˣȵ־ˣ뵱Ҳͬһ˵ݣǼ˷롣ڣһ˼ָ̳оˬ
ȷˬ޵ʱ򣬿ľ棿
ϣʱܹÿһЩѾȲҪӹ˵̳һˡ


Բ̳
ҾǴû˷ܹ
۹ӹȻѾ޷ٴƪƷֻһжƪƷšǿ
˵˼һһжƷӮνءϾǲġ
ô˵أ˼ҹӹûӱԲԣǸүŶ
Ȼһúܲңʹ˵̳˼ҵĹٻֵÿ϶ġ

Ҿ˷ܣһǣһεûоáҾҸ߳
ΪӹѡһжƪƷȥ뽣һƷ棬ʧȻǿԤġ
ܶУЩζ
ѵӹĴƪƷˣⲻܰɡ
Ǵֻһδ¾¹ӹܵӰ죬ǹƾĴˡӹʵԻһģûҪҪ뽣һ񽻷棬ܹġ
һŹӹܹƷءԸһβԹӹʲôӰɡ
ǰԸɣС˵ƪɹӹġԽŮģԶǡҲϣӹܹõƷ
ǰǹӹԺĲټƷҹС˵ĹףҲӦñǡ
ȻӹټƷֻ˷ǳ̾ˣ֮ǰĳɾֲܵӰ졣
ͻȻû˹ӹ˷ǳĲϰߡϣӹԲҪܴӰ죬ԺܼƷǲ֮ǰƷҲûйϵ


ڹӹԵȺ
롰ҾģʱĹӹԣӦ÷ǳƺѹֵͬ
ʱĹӹȺղ˿ѹ֣ǳ졣
ӹǲƣֻһεжƪƷӦĸɲһġƽ͡ˡʱ֪Ҿǻ᲻죿
ӹûǽһ񽻷˼ԼġӹжƪƷȻġ
ЩΪӹԣܵӰ죬ֻ˵ˡ
ȷˣӹոոǻϢˣ˵ӹƷܵκ˵Ӱ졣ôҷģӹʼǸӹкܶƷûкʹҼء
Ҿ֪ҴûеĹһξáҾǵˡҿǵۣʱֵͦġ
˵ûǵ۲ܹáҲǺǾˡ




ھŰ С˵
ʥ塣
ڵǰµĿһϵĸֻǵЦЦ
һȫѡһƪƷǽһʲôƽ͡׵ĸſ¡
ô֮ǰ˵˵ûκε塣룬ҲûȤ뽣һʲôƷ档
ѡ񡶰Х硷ȻΪһжƪƷֵѡɡ
Щ⣬ῴƷˣ˶٣͹ˡ
Х硷ǰӹһжƪƷȫĹ֡
ⲿƷӹƷ֪ȲߣƷɾҲԶԶЦƷ
Ǿ仰ӹƷûӹƷⲿӹƷ㲻ʲôƷ
ˣⲿƷЩƫҲѡⲿƷԭ֮һ
ⲿƷƷȫĵص㲢ڡ䡱ϣһ顱ϡǣⲿС˵ԵԼƶС˵½չĶ
ԣ˵Х硷һС˵˵һС˵
ʱ򣬰һյӣȴΪԭòѰϵգƸһŮӰ
ֱպͰѾమ
յİҲͬԽԽֱ԰ΡյѾֻ˰
ֻԼȻˣŵˣȴİ˱ˣʲôӣ
ҲעˣС˵Ľ䲻Ǳ磬ȴеˣ겻ѡ
ȫŮԵӽǣŮԶԴֳ顢ִźͲ̻ľ֣һΨİС˵
ţһƷһϵǣȥһȫһĸܡ
ЩΪŮԣӦûӵĲͬ
ңͨⲿС˵һЩµŮԶ߶С˵ȤҲǲܡ

ѡжƪƷһµۣʼڳȶȲ
úһЩ֮ǰעµķǣҲȤĴʼĩ
һЩý嶼СģıҳעĽչ
֮һֱ71賿һڡЦ֮󣬲ʱĸһ䡣
ȻһڵġҲڽ췢ۣнһƷƽ͡
쵽ͤ־ԣǡЦ롶ƽ͡һͬ
ֻǵĹЦֻߡ
˵֮ǰе˶ԹӹġХ硷ʾ˥ȴ˶ⲿжƪƷܸȤ
ҪһӹǿбⲿжƪƷ׻һʲôƷ
еڴֵȶԽһġƽ͡ߡ
է֮£ƺЩ˼飬ϸһ룬Ӧþôһ¶
һڹЦˣ֮ǰ࣬ЩȻһֱӹ˳ۣſӹ̳Ĳǡ
ȺܶԣȲҪһڵġЦ
ԣǺܶ賿ʱ򣬱֮ͤǰѾˡ
ǵһߣ賿ʱڱͤЦ
֪ĻӦûܡжġ
ҲãҲգǶˡЦҵˡХ硷صλá
һصݣȻ¡
Ҫ˵ǣһƬɳĮ֮ϣϹٺ磬Լ׵Ů㣬񱼡
Ϊ˶ܣԪʷٿ´ﺣ˵׷ɱ
֮׷ɱΪһűĸ߲Թͼ
սʹʷٿͬھ
׵ɳĮܵ˹˾סĵط
׵㱻Ψһĺˣ
Ԫ´ﺣҲҵûҵ㣬ԴиɱӶᣬ˶Ժ˵ĳޡ
һʶˣ˵һʿ³˵Ķա
С޲µˣԱ˴˶˺øУ㺰
һΣһͬʱһͷǣİ£ɱ˴ǡ
ǳΪյĵһ
հͷǵƤķļſڡ
չ˵ϰףһԼһεȥ͸İĹԱʾ⡣
㿴͸ԼƤϲѡ
Ȼյĸ³ˣԺʮֳӡ
ΪһλԪ´ﺣˣɱӶʱɱ³˵ӣԼһӣյĸ硣
Ǹʱ³˺ʹеʿΪȥΧԣڴС
ˣ³˼ֻͬҪǼһ棬³˱ݺݵĴա
Ϊղٰ͸Ƥĵ͵˹ŮſڣҲա
ʱĹȥŮഺĴ
밢Ҳͬˣమ
һ͵ˤӱʱ֪밢ѾమĶߡ
ȴһֱڻؽѰĻԪ֮˷֡
ĸĳޣǴ֮Уͬھ
;Уڴ˵ġһָϡԡ
ڻԵָ£öɱΧ׷ĵˣҰȡ˱ϵĶ룬ְ֮ݻΪʦѧϰա
ǰµݱ㵽
ǰµˣ˼ȴǸͬ



ھŰ ̳
һǿ֮۾һܿһ̾Ϣ
֮Ի۾һΪǰ¶꣬һȫһĸܣ˵С˵ȫƺӡ䡱ڡ顱īأǰµĸо
֮ǰеС˵Уûгֹģӹ֮ǰԼС˵
ԣǹӹѰдһһƷһڡ顱֡
ȫһֶĿһµĸоһ۾һΪʲôܿһ̾Ϣ
ΪһǺܿ뵽ӹΪʲôҪѰһֲһд
ΪӹԭȵдϣѾͻƣѰµдȲѲŻ
ǡӡ֤֮ǰ뷨ӹһĴƪƷˡ
⣬С˵ص㣬վǱڡ䡱ϣд飬Ҳдӡ̣ǣվɡ
˲ɣӹⲿХ硷ܹдӡ̵ĶҲһɹƷ
ôأվһ󲿷ڴƷˡ
һ뽣һ񡶷ƽ͡ĽҲذɡȻ֮ǰȷһ㣬ȴȻ̲ס̾Ϣ
Ϊӹеϧź
ЩԹӹģιӹ̳ǡ
ʱȴ̲סĹЦнеôһ˿ǣҲʧ
ܹٷ֮ٵȷţӹһ䶨ˡ
ȻⲿС˵ǰһĶҲóӹڼԣҪͻ֮ǰддһĶ
Ҳȷд˲һĶЩԲܹùӹεĽлʤ
һˣһ߻ܣƵöȥˡ
Ѿùӹ̳ϵ䡣
ңӹԱؽӰ죬֮ѴõƷҲû˾Ļᡣ
ӹΪԽżߣӴ˾ͽȻˣճ׵ʧ統С
һУܿͻᵽ
뵽ЩЩǾ̲סļˬֻ룬ӹӹ㵱޵ʱ򣬿뵽нĽ֣

־磬İ칫ҡ
һ񼤶˫ȭգ˶΢΢Щû
ΪХ硷ǰҲˡǰһġ顱֮⣬ͨƪûֵýֵĵط
һӮˣȻ֮ǰ֪һ㣬û϶
ԣеļҲ޷ơ
ӹ˭
ڹϵС˵һˣ֮ΪԽżĴڣһԽŮճС˵ء
ԽŮ֮ͬģǾСƷӰھߣǴԽԽС˵ǵıµ
ڹӹĴ£С˵뵽ڵĴʱС
ڣӹܣһ񡱵֣쳹С˵磬쳹ȫپһʱȡΪС˵һˣҲǲܵ顣
żĽһԼҲͬΪ
ΪһģһĳɹҲǴĳɹĳɹ
˵СƣúܲҪӵŬȡճΪС˵һˡ
һŬƽԼ˵ǣ࣬һġһжָллࡣ
ЦҪΪ㱾츳ָҲá
һ󣬱ǫ鲻ֹȴȻҽһн죬Ҫÿɲҵ츳ô

Բ̳
ӣԲ̳Ȼƽ
ԾߵȻǡҾǡ
ƽ͡һ飬ͷ¾˿ղܣʣʵ̫ˡҿÿС˵û֮һ
ǣңƷһһÿҸҶ϶һƷԻȡƽ͡Ӻÿһ˵ݣѾֻ֮ң
ǱģƷɲĳЩ˵Ʒֻǡһľʡ
ٺ٣һѾˣӦһһˡ
Һαشԣ󵨵˵ӹġХ硷׼дС˵ɡ
û취ӹȻѾ֮ǰƷˣֻͨȡɣƷ۸ʵҲͦġ
Х硷롶ƽ͡ȣüֱ̫Զ̫ԶʣӹС˵һ˵λȻǽλ۹
ѽЩȲҪһˡ

Ҿǵ˷̶ܳȣȻȽһͶ١



ھŰ ˽ȴӮ
ҾǷǳԾǵĻԾ̶ȣҲǵͶ١
֮ǰֵ÷зģӹ뽣һ֮Ʒһ£ĻȻ˷ܡ
ȻڽѾ˴𰸡һӦҲʲô⣬˵Х硷Ӧõȷ硶ƽ͡
ⲢҶڡХ硷Ȿ飬ȫûȤ
෴ܶ˻ǰһ緢´½ƵģһС˵ЩһС˵
ЩС˵ͻȻһԡ顱ΪС˵ƺһ֮ǰС˵ʱȫһĸܡ
ˣͳһΪ
Ǵ಻ϣϿƽ͡ҪǿХ硷١ҵȤȴҪڡХ硷֮ϡ
Բ̳ҲûжˣȥִƷ˭˭ҶĬˡƽ͡ã۵ĸģȴǡХ硷
֮ǰûһܹԤϵʹòٵǣ׷׸пӹվǹӹƷڽϣȲƽ͡ȴǵ򣬴ʱĽһӦûἫȵĲɡ
ǲûв´ʱĽһȷܲԲ̳Ľ棬Щ߷߲ƽҵƷãҪΪʲôƷȴࣿЩҵƷҪʵĶ࣬ȴΪʲôô²ĲͣƷһɵŮˣ˼Ĺʲô۵ģ
һҪѪһѾΪ°ܽˣΪʲôô᣿
ǲûзϣƷȷãѪվû³ˡ
ˣ͵̳ǰһΰοɣϾС˵һţһں˲١

Բ̳
ǲ֪ǲýһѪȻ²ţǸɵѾͷ
ѾͷǹɵģԼϲˣƸ˱ˡ
˭˵أ밢ȫһִٳɵģԼȴֻܶ͵͵ᣬɵҲۡ
˼ǽе˵ǸʱСֻ̫ͣʲôа顣ڣٺ٣ԲٰƸˡ
˵ҲǣǸʱҲСֻ໥㺣ûʽ
㳤֮󣬶յİȴûȥֻ͵͵ĹעաɵȻ˵̫ˡ
֮Ѿ׵İ˰ҿСӲص㳹׸ˡ
ҲܹգԼԸټյģǼ궼ûмնĸ飬Ҳֻʱ㺰ϰҲҪֻ֣ܹЩǿɱյĸ裬³ô޺ˣպպ㶨ȻѾΪˡ
ʲôԭڶѾˡչɣΪʲô飬ֺһأ
٣ӹⱾХ硷ȻϿθȴָоǳ⵹˹ˡ
ΪⱾ鲻ͬС˵㿴۵Ҫݣ֪ĻΪС˵ء
Բ̳С˵̳⡶Х硷ҲǶһˡ
ҲۡХ硷ˣۡƽ͡ˣƺҪϲٰ
ҲΪʲô˼ҽӹԭ򣿼ڽˣȴܹӮ㡣
˽ȴӮ¶Ҳֻйӹܹˡ


ڹӹ뽣һ֮Ʒһ£֮ǰԵĹע
Ҳ֪˵Ʒڽ쿪ʼء
Ȼûȥ־Ҳ㿴˵Ʒ˽ĽȴŷǳȤ
Ǽǵ֮ǰе˶Ϊӹ䣬Ҳ֪Ľǲ
ô֪
֮ǰ˸ǣһԲ̳ĵطȥһ䣬ͻҵ𰸡
ˣڽǵһε½Բ̳вŮ
̳һҲȷʵҵ˴𰸡Ҳͷ˲ٵɻ
磬˵һġƽ͡ȹӹġХ硷Ҫϲ٣۸ģȴǡХ硷
ٱ磬ںʹ֮£򵥵ĿһЩǶڡХ硷ۡ
ȴǿ۵ݣʲôԼø˱ˣֻʲôСʱ㻥㺣ְʲôȵȡ
С˵ôôС˵
ûС˵ɲҪƭҡ
һڽ뵽Բ̳ķǣɻ󲻽⡣



ھŰ С˵̳
뵽Բ̳ķǣɻ󲻽⡣
Щҡҡͷ˳̳㲻͸㲻ɣѾ֪Ҫ֪Ĵ𰸣ǸܴӹһεĽУǸһߡ
ҲһЩԽɻ󣬾ԽҪŪԭЩϲС˵Ůߡ
Ҫ֪ıǣХ硷һС˵ΪʲҵۣȴоһС˵
ңҪǣ۵Щݣƺǳˡ
ܣĥˣȻˣΪβȥһЦһ̽۸Ҳ󣬶Ҳ˶ʱ䡣
дע⣬Ƿ׷ͤһһڵġЦ
ǻǵһ־ôеҪԼȴͷһء
ر֮һƽʱͰС˵֮ǰԲ̳ڡХ硷֮ʱͻȻһ֣ӦÿһⱾĸо
һûĸоֻǷ·ĳٻͻǳĺڡ
زǵһĸо֮ǰҲйĸоڰȥһ֮󣬹Ȼǳĺÿ
ؾϲѣָоΪԼںÿ鼮֪
ֻһָоģȴһƷʵЩ֡
ûлԼĸ֪ټϣûָоҲȥһЦ
ˣһոġЦ»ص˼
ЦЩдһʽС˵֮ǰûһῴС˵
Ȼȴɻͺ棬ΪʲôһƷܹĸо
ȫĸտʼ˵ܣԪʷٿ´ﺣˣ׷ɱһһ¡
֮󣬰׵㣬˾סĵط
ǰһ֣ؿŲûʲôоսʶ֮ص۾ԽԽ
ֱǰ¿꣬صϲ֮ɫԼĸ֪Ȼû뵽һС˵ƷҲԼԡ
ΪһЩ̫һС˵ɣԹԵ˵
ʱٴν뵽Բ̳ǹڡХ硷ۡ
ڣܹöˣһԼĿ⣬ĵͷֱֻߺߡ
ſţ绰ͬϲС˵ģԼĹ۴绰ҪѡХ硷ƼԼĹۡ
С˵һȫһС˵ΪκһϲС˵ˣӦȥһХ硷һ֡򡱵顣
ǰɣأȥһС˵ûհɣǵ绰۵
ŷأһһС˵ϽȥɣȻڡסǱ־ЦǱХ硷
ģǳɣȥ򡣲ÿĻߺߣ

˵绰ֵ½һ󡱵̳С˵ľۼأҲȥ̳
̳ȻΪƼХ硷Ȼȴ֣ƺѾûбҪˡ
ΪѾƼˣһγ˹ģС۳
ôϲХ硷лϲҲ뵽ҵ۵С
ǾȻôһС˵Щ˼顣
С˵𣿺ٺ٣Ը֮ΪԪصС˵㻹˵ⱾС˵ЩС˵ĸоȫһء
ǰź˾ϲǲ֪յĽôܴܲºһԲ̳һȺ˵һɵ椣ҵҲôΪ
ǰϲ˾ͱĸǳŹֻҪԹһ£չԹԵͶͱ
¥ɧӣɱøһҿܲܺһǻǿ߻дˣ߽ӹǰɣͦġ
ţȷͦġں˵ЩɲžˣõĴƷˡһХ硷
УƷʲôÿģʹɡֻҪԺܹХ硷ƷǾ֧˵ԽԽء
˵ĺã֧ʲôǲ֪ӹʲô˧˧˵ͦصġ
ǰȷأ˵û֪ݵľϢ
𣿸ôʲô
˭֪أЩ߰Ͳ챻ýع⣬Щ߾ϲء

һŮС˵̳һС˵ԼⲿС˵ߣҲĵͷһˡ



ھŰ ʮ겻
ʥ塣
һȥ˹
ڣĵϣХ硷ĸ
̡ԽŮ֮󣬿ĵڶƷ
Х硷࣬ûö೤ʱ㿴ˡ
֮겻ѵĳ̾һصԭԺӦܹһΣһϲ˰ɣԺӦûҸɡ
ߵߣ῿ԼһģҵԼҸȻſֵ
ġšһ῿ǹһ˿ҸЦ⡣
ЦЦһ§飬һڵϲ
ϹڡХ硷˽ȴӮ˵е⣬֮ǰѾԤϵˡ
ңȵؽʱߡ
⣬һƷȻɹˣϲС˵ŮԶߣ˺ܵ⡣
ԣɶĵͷһΡ
кܶߣһЩߣﶼǳĽʰɡ
ȷûдһ֪Х硷˴ŮԶ֮󣬵ĽּʣЩĵǡ
Щдģߺͷ˿еģŮԶٵÿ˵ŮԷ˿ˡ
ӹƾ衶Х硷ȴһӾӵ˴ŮԶߣЩŮԶߵУǻתһЩΪŮԷ˿
һĽ׷и̣ΪʲôǻѾˣ϶Ҫ̳ˣȴܹĽּʣоȻǺӣûУˣǻԺͲдˣдȥɣһ·
ƺӦˣһе뷨ĺٺһЦŵԡ
һţˡХ硷ʼ֮󣬻һƷҲڽ쿪ʼۡ
Ǳʵģϵйµĵڶҡ
ңһƷǶʮͬС
ĿǰΪֹȫΧѾжʮҵĳ磬ǩ˹ϵйµĳͬ
ţŹصԽԽ֮󻹻иҵĳ磬ǰȨ
ջжٸңȻҲ֪ǳ϶һԶԶڵĶʮҡ
ڣҡúòã
ݸ磬ڽϢǳ롣
һħʯʵʱȣҡҪԵĸ߳ࡣ
ʵǺģΪʱĹأѾԶ֮ǰҪвٵˣҹξ͵һء
ȫصĹ˵ǿ񻶵ӡ
ȻڻĹԶԣҲͬˡ
һ£ǵۡ
Ǹ˷ܡһδǿˣħ֮á

Х硷롶ƽ֮͡Ľڵһڵ֮Ѿ˽
֮ǰ²һХ硷ܣƽ͡ʤ
ȻӹƷܹ;ϲһҲ⣬Х硷Ȼ˽ȴӮ˴ŮԶߡ
Ľ֮ǰ˭ҲûԤϵġڣΨвסĸп
ңĸпһ˺üʱ䣬ֱ78һ죬һµġЦС
ȻһڵġҲڽ췢С
һΣڵһʱǰȥͤЦˣ֮⣬ЩХ硷ŮԶߡ
ȻҲ⣬߶һڵġ㡱ڿԿˡ
ԴӰ˻Ϊʦ֮󣬱㾭Եľס֮ѧϰա
ʴӱ޼Уֻһһѧ䣬ټϻƽ̣书졣
ʱѹԸ㣬书ڽϣѿһ֣صԭֻһ֣ʱ
ȻȴһҲԭȥҲֻһͷѧ书ܰ
ȻͷҶ룬ÿ뵽Լͻͨ죬ֻܰĵס
һ죬ӻԴؼңߵ·˴ѩ밢һСɽĻᡣ
밢黰࣬һòɳˡ
ѩ˵ͷϣʹ˵ͷˡ
ͻȻȻˣֻ룬ʮ֮󣬵˵ͷĶˣպͰǲЦ̣ԼҲįµ
εļգյУȴûһ˿Ӱӣ
ѩպͰȥҲȥ
㵽֮ȴǷ֣պͰļܷѩ
еһͷͻȻ䲻ƣҪȥ˵仰
ʱѾʮûʽˡ
Ȼ͵͵ĹעգʮȴûмѾϲˡ



ھŰ ɵѾͷ
ȥգ˵ϼ仰ֲȥһ⣬Ǳǰװװһ·ˣȻܷͬѩ
պͰӣǵĿһǽܷѩģЦźӴк
ӣȻŮװ㡣
һκ˵˻
ȻҲֻ˵һЩİ˼ʱĿ׻˶ѡ
պͰ֣˵һЩ塢˵Ķͷȴޱȵ黰
ֻԶԶģյӰԼ˼룬ʱ뵽׵飬ʱԼǻŮװջ᲻ỹϵ
֪˶ãȴͻȻ˵ϲһˡ
տеġϲӵˣҲļˡ
ҪˣȻ㡣
߼ˣһССʱ򾭳һ棬Ѿкܶûмˡ
˵ϲҼǵǱģôûп֪ڵ𣿡
˲֪ԸԸ⣬գھֻģģ˵ڲڣˡ
һ׷ʣ֪λشȴͻȻ˵˵Ǹ˹ҵҲʶá˺ü
д󾪣ʼôأ
ֻûش˵ġ
Ż񣬰ʵλɣ
մʱСҲǵˡֻǵĸ質ú˵ú
ʱֽһܷѩˣһʱһݣǰЩѣ
ԭǵɱĸ֮һ´ﺣ
ʮ´ﺣһֱûлصԭȥһѰ䡣
Ϊǲһűĸ߲ԹͼӦþϡ
죬´ﺣֳѰѩ̫е˼ʱܡ
´ﺣ֪֮յ˵ĺСһֱѰ㡣
ʱϲ񣬱ųλΪλ͵һһͼҪûȥ
ڼȻѾˣ´ﺣʾҪȥѲҪȥڿķĹԱܹһһͼ
ʾԣ˵һ͵ģ׼´ﺣȥ׼ȥڿķĹ
˷˳ͻﶯղǳ´ﺣĶ֣´ﺣˡ
ͬʱ´ﺣס˰˵Ը⵱ūͿԷŹա
Ϊ˾գӦ´ﺣū
ʱ֣˳´ﺣӳ´ﺣ˰ա
´ﺣߡ
ڶصݣ㵽
ĺ־ȻԺոտݣԹԵ˵㻹һɵ椣ʲô취أѾòǲˣеļ䣬ʼնͣں֮ܶǰ
һοǱȻѾǲòȴûΪභ㿴Ϊǳ´ﺣභʱӦ÷ǳɡ
һ̾ѾϵġЦЩȴǲ֪Щʲô

һп˽졶Х硷صˣһ̾ԣЩϲС˵ŮԶߡ
ǶΪ̾ϢĬĬţ밢֮黰֪һ飿
ĵһǱֻҪŬѧ书ܹմ
ȻͷȴǲҶ룬˵ûУҪŮװװһܷѩˣŸ˵
ںʲôһڶ˼⡣
ҲѾϲĻӵѹ
һΪôûм棬ǶѾˣջܹһ۾ϳ
һΣһλ飬ŲҼա
ֻƻ밢֮ĸ飬Ļջġ
ϣģԸԼ絶
ӦǰգŻİɣ
һɵѾͷ
ɵܹ¶
ҲܣҲܣ˭֪أ
ֻԼȥԹ֮󣬲֪𰸡
Ȼؼǣȥ
һڶȫҡҡͷڵȻǲܻȥԵġ
֮һڶ߻ҡҡͷԶȥԡ
ôֻϣܹһʲô⣬ܹȥһ¡
ɵѾͷһֱ˼ȥʵ̫ˡ
᲻԰Щƽ
ȷЩƽϾ޹ģ֪£Ƹģġ
ȻǾͱСˣ˰ɣǸʱֲΥ
뵽ЩŮԶ߶ġ
һΣǵǲˡ



ھŰһʮ 
Բ̳
ҾһĻԾƽ͡ѾǴˣΪֹΪʵС˵ȴȻִ˲ˡ
ǣѾϰǵĴڣҲϰǵĴ꣬ʱĸͼ䣬ʱ֡
һ죬Բ̳ûˡҾĴ꣬ƴһЩϰߡ
ƽ͡Ȿ飬ȻûСҾôʣҲȷʵ֮һһ顶İ˱ȽԵĽ
ֻ۵ĸƷȴǡХ硷
ҵİ㰡ۡ
ʵģֻǿϧԸ񣬹һӶȥġ
СӻģȻģȴûˣΪǳ´ﺣƴҲô
յȷֻǿϧΪѾˣ׿ڸģ¶ġ
ȷ׿ڶһԼ˵˵ԼѾˣóȫԷһమŰڹҲ͹ӹдó˵ӹ֮ǰСŰħĳƺŵģĪǣһëַˣ
Ƶȷˣϣܹ֪㲢ûɣһֱ֪Ǿ̫ݵˡ
ǾͿӹǡŰħܹܲˣҹĿԺС
һٿɣһжƪƷҹһھҪˡ
ǰͻûҪˡҹҲһ£жƪƷɲƪƷԭ֮һ

Բ̳һԣΪ̾ϢһС˵Ҳͬˡ
һʱڡХ硷ۣȻûԲ̳֣ȴһֱûжϹ
죬Х硷µݳԺ󣬸鲻ϡ
ʱܶھһڵŮװ㣬ӳ´ﺣְ֮Ѱ֮£չۡ
Ȼ֮ǰѾӦ´ﺣūôӳ´ﺣѰ˹չأӦóΪū
Ȼȴֽͻա
˵Ѿڶγȫ밢ˡ
⣬Ȼ¶յľѻᣬֻҪȰֻ߾˰֮󣬲ѰվͿˡ
ݣ밢ƽգôһ˿ɹĿԡ
ȴû
ô㡱㣬㡱һŮ۲ϡ
㣬Ҿǳ´ﺣѰߣȻ͵͵ĸϳ´ﺣȳ԰˵ݣðӴ֮󣬲ټաȻԲΪİˣҲֻܶԲˡ
ҲʵҲְɡǱϾǣضܾǳ´ﺣĥҲͬٺһȻټգٲܳ´ﺣĥǡ
ҾһЩϾҪΪ㡣ΪŻ´ﺣģҲŻ˱ơҲŻΪ˾գŲòӦ´ﺣūԣ԰ֲܷŹյĺûᣬǾͱݣչƽɡ
ǰҲӦ÷ŹλᣬƫƫͷŹˣĪκΡ
ֻһ룬һڻԤʾţԶʵռˡ
ɣô磿ǲܹҲҪ֪ԣӦ֪ţΪѾˡ
ҵֱǲ֪ţ֪ΪһŰġ
ſȥɣΨһ׷һС˵ˡ


ʣХ硷ĵڶأһڹע˵ĶߣúõһŰζ
һеʱȴ֪ЩʥӴһλЩĿˡ
Եҳĸˣһ
һһʥ壬ΪǹϵƷڵİȨһ¡
ԭ򣬵ĸҳ磬ԭϵйµİȨ
ŹϵйµǰƷҶۿ񳱡
ʵǿĳ磬ҳ磬ҲסˣðпܵﵺһЩҵķգܵ˻ʥ壬Ȩ
ͬĽӴ˹һӴĳ縺ˣûʲôͬ
ùһһҪ̸һεĺӦûʲôˡ
ʵĽҲȷˣûΪԷǵĳ磬ʹĵѡ
һֻǸˣŷ޸ͬĴۣõ˹ϵйǰձеĶҰȨ



ھŰһʮһ һƬãȻ
ʱһһڹǸɵѾͷ˻ΣǣԵġ
ʱХ硷Ҳһֱ۵Ľ㡣
ȻˡХ硷֮⣬һġƽ͡ҲͬעĿ
⣬໹вٵ߶ƷأвһЩƷ
ЩƷҲͬܵԵĹעֻХ硷һֶصӽǣΪΪֵƷ
ǣҵģˣҪڽ
715գһڡЦС
ڡХ硷һжƪƷкܶ˶²⣬һڵأǡХ硷Ĵ֡
Ǽڴֲᡣ
ڴǣյ˻ΣͿ֪𰸡
ǣôˣͻûп񫡣
ڴǲᣬֻ߻ʲôҶڵһʱ䣬ȥͤһڵġЦ
־õ֮󣬻δ뿪ͤܶ˾ֱӰ־
ǲ׼ʼĶǷһصġХ硷Ľβ
ϵĿˡȫꡱ֡
Ĵˡһ̾Ѿǰµһڻ֣Ŀˡȫꡱ֣̲סһ̾
һ̾򱥺Ųᡢڴظ
ᡱ͡ڴԲض˵Ϊλᡰظ
ΪƷˣһ֮ڲټΪյ˶ǣҶ˰ɡ
֪һڡХ硷Ҫ֮˵żȥˡ
һΪ᲻ÿ¾˺¿յˣǴԸ⿴Ľ֡
ж಻żеԣվ½½ĿʼĶġ
ȻҲЩС˵ߡ
֮ǰ˵´ﺣ֮󣬸ߡ
֮յĸ³ˣԼĸ׳⣬֯˴Ĺ˾׳ӣʼ׷´ﺣ
ΪԴʵʩɱӶǿǳ´ﺣˣҪȥˡ
㡢աҲ׷Ķ鵱С
ڵкĻѩ´ﺣʱĽӡֻҪŽӡ׷Ϳˡ
·ϣһ˵°ѩڷз衣˵ֻ
վȻӿ˵ȷ˵СʱǸС˵ֻĹ¡
ǸµǸĹ˵ķϿ޵úܱˡͻȻ֮䣬Ĺѿһ죬ǸĹ˽ȥǶ˱һ˫ܷһԶٷ롣
գǸСǷǰ㣿
ջش˵ǰ㣬ֻϺ˵Ѿˡ
ʵ㻹ǵô
յȻǵãǣ
ʣôķĹ
ջش˵ȷӦȥƣɱǿ֮󣬾ü˴ȥ
ʣС㣬ҹҹȥķҲѿһ죬ȥԶô
̾˿ǸСֻСʱĺѡһһҪ㰢ġ˵ȥͰ˫ա
ûڼ˵ʵѾ֪ջش𡣵̲סգֻͽİˡ
ʱ׷³˵ڴĮĸ߲Թǰ˵߲ԹŴı
˾߲Թȥһȴ˭֪ԹһԳѾڴסһǧġȥȫҪ
ңϢɱˣ³˵˸еֻţΪԷǶ뿪˵أ
ȴ⡰ʵ磬ֻȥҲãûаˡΪǼٰˣ书ܸߡ
Ȼ׼뿪֮ʱȴְ°Թ档
մųԹҪȥͰĸ׳⣬Լյĸ³ˣҲųԹ
״֪յ˲ǶĶ֣Ҳ׼뵽Թ֮ȥæ
ʱ˸ϵˣ㲻ҪԹھ뿪Ȼصԭȥ
ƺ֪Թмٰ˭ǳǸˡ
ȻִҪԹȥҪȥգаˡ
ûа취뵽ԹС
Թҵ˰Ҳ֪ˡ磬ǸҲǹˣ߶롣
߶֮°߰Ϊĸ׵Եʡ
ԭ߶복⹲ͬ׷ĸףհĸѡ˳⡣
߶˶Գ⻳ģ׼ɱ⣬м¶ϳ˵ء
ȴ룬ʮ֮߶ѧһգסԹ֮Уڻ°˰˵ǵ갢ĸײѡھҪŮ
ա³ˡ߶붯
˲߶Ķ֣ǰæȻͬ߶Ķ֡
ֻǣ߶ƺû˺֮⣬ȥٲȥҪɱˡ
Ҫաˣȥأ߶һ
߶ȥ֮⣬ʹɱ֣ۿҪɥ߶Ľ¡
һԵļȴͻȻ֣㡣ԭ˻书书ǿ
㡢ա³˵˴гԾ
󣬼߶սһ˫ͬʱ˵أۼŶˡ
ʱ߶˵αװȥ㿴˵صˣ
ԭ߶Ȼʦԡ
˾Ȼһ㶼ϣһʮӣʮһֱڼٰˡ
㿴ʦֿ˵ġˡаʹΪȻˡ
ȻΪʲôΪʲôһƬãȻ



ھŰһʮ ÿһλߵ
ԭ߶뱻˵ľסʱǰԭһΪԡ
ԭ߶뾹Ȼϰһǿ书ڽϱ֮Ϊһָϡһͽܣҿ
һ죬߶ͽҿص˾סĵط׼걻֮
߶öɱ˰ĸףİŮˡ
Ϊ߶öǳԵʱֻΪĸڼ
߶ɱ˰ĸ֮ȥɱ⣬⵱ʱڼҡ
߶ȥѰҳ⣬ͬʱҿˮ¶ȫ֮ȫɱ
ҿĲ̣ûˮ¶
߶ûҵ⣬ʱҿû¶ʱŭΪҿһй¶ȥ׼ɱҿ
ҿΪ˱Ϊǿ߶벻עʱö߶塣
߶жȥҿ߶ٻɱҲٻԭȥݳһˣڹ˵ĵطס
ҿݵˣȻʮǰ㣬㸧˵ļˡ
߶뱻ȥ֮ȻձסûжȻΪĶ޷ȡĹϵ߶벻ʹ书
߶벻κˣҲȥұ˰ȡ롣
ֱ֮ǰ׷ɱ㣬ͨɱ׷ɱˡ
Ӯ߶Σ߶ȡϣѾĥʮö롣
뱻ȡ߶书𽥻ָΪͽϤĽ̵书
书ָ߶룬ȥ˾סĵطͶΪԭ߶еͷ
Ȼ߶߲Թ֮УաҲ㷢֮ǰһĻĻ
ҿ֮ǰ֮Ҫֹ߲ԹΪѾ֪˼ٰˣʦԣҲ߶롣ȻҲʦ
ִҪҿֻø˽һΣյĹؼʱ̳ȣ¶Լݣ߶ϳ
գһʦͽ˶ء
һ˵֮ҿˣԭҲزȥˡ
ȫ⣬ȻȥȻصԭΪ֣߲Թ֮С
ա³ˡ˰Ȼȳȥ
Թֻʣ㣬˽߶룬ԼѾȥҿ
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ʦòİˣͽɱҵòİˣȴɱˡ
߶֪ԭ̾һգҲˡ
ڻؽʮʱ䣬ΨһĴˣ߶ҿˡ
ʱ߶Ļ뿪Ļ߶ҿȻ
Ļա³ˡˣȻᱻ߶ɱ
Ǹʱ㣬֪Էʦ֪ˡ书־
ǸʱӦֻǣҲ;հɡ
˶ˣİ˶գҲֻǸŮӡ
ԣл³˵˵ļ뿪ˡ
Ѿϰҷ硢ѩɳޱ޼ʵƽҰţ򡢰ҹĸ
ͨŹصɳĮ֮Уһһƥ򶫻С
һػصԭѾˣֻߣܻصԭġ
һӡ㡭еӢ꣬ꡭ
ĹŸִ߲ǶǺܺúܺõģƫϲ
ȫ鵽ǡХ硷Ĵ֡
ֵжߣȫЩֻмģͷû𣿡ЩǺܺúܺõģƫƫϲصԭԺ󣬻ҸǸɵѾͷ
صԭԺ󣬻Ҹ
ÿһλĵ⣬ҲҪ֪Ĵ𰸡
ȴû֪𰸣ΪӹûиĴ𰸣ˡ
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ô𰸱ÿһλߵУϣܹҸôӦþͻĺҸɡ
⣬ӹûиĴ𰸣ǰ滹еطҲûи𰸡
ǱСӵ󣬵֪֪ǸġӢۡŮװ㣿
ȻϳˡӢۡӦŮ֮յ˶ĳƺҲɡӢۡΪˡ
֪
ûиȷĴ𰸣м˼Ӧǲ֪
ô˵δЩ̫пˡ
Լһ˹µįԭȥŵǸӣȴΪѾˡ



ھŰһʮ һ顱
ĳסС
ŵ־
ˡֻ˵ôһ䡣
ĵһС˵ȻһС˵þòƽ
֮Բƽ˱ݵ֮⣬ʼչᴩȫеǣ
Ǳݵģ׵ʱ򣬸ĸ㱻ǿɱ
֮ˣȻʱ֪֮ʦҲ֪ˡݡ
߶ҿˣĵȷȷ
Ӵ֮û˹ˡգΪѾˡ
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δû֪ôԼҲһƬãȻ
ɸһ˿顣
ʼչᴩȫеǣ˱ݵģյ顣
ȫ鲢ֻһ
С˵һƪһ顣ĸĸϹٺ磬Ϊһͼڡܡ׷ɱ
лԭǱǡܡе϶ʷٿĸϹٺ磬ԭͬʦùϵ
ʷٿһֱĽϹٺ磬ͬʦֵҲһֱǵһԡ
Ϲٺȴ޸˰ʷٿģɱ֮졣ΪֻҪɱܹõϹٺİ
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ٵĸ߲Թ߶ǰʵöɱģһ
ΪһӶúܹµ¹µԶ
˵һ䣬еˣҲǰĸ׵òӦ÷ǳƯɡ
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ҲΪҪκһӵУҪɱɡ
ȻһֿµĲ̬γֲ顰˼
뵽ûĴһ
Щʱ򣬡顱Ȼ˵Ŀ¡
յİҲͬ˼Ĵʽȴ߶Ȼ෴
߶ɱˡȴƴԼҲҪȡ
ͬǰ˼µġ顱ȴر
ôӦ˵顱£µЩﲡ̬ˣŰµġ顱
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д󾪣æַԼĿڡ
Х硷һ飬Ȼ˵ġ¡

Х硷ˣⱾֵС˵ֻ߸ȷе˵С˵ȴ˶ʼշŲ¡
ֻΪһ顱֣С˵ΪɱˡΪˡ֮ڡ֮ڣʼ벻һ顱֡
ⱾС˵С˵ȴС˵ӡ顱ÿһλߣʱеĸܡ
Բ̳
ˣʱ˵ǣкܶ飬㸶٣ܹջٵģǰ顣Ϊո̫̫࣬ԼһΪΨһͬھʲôҲûеõղ֪ͰΪѾˡġ顯˵ı顣
ǰ̫ˣ뵽ȫĵĽβİһ˹ڣļŵɳĮ֮еĻ棬оĪᣬѾͷ̫ˡ
ǰΨһοľǣѾͷһղӦûжܹ۸ˡ
ȷӦûܹ۸ˣôأӦѾˣգٰκһˣѿ֡
˵󣬾֮ǰֺֹСʱյС޲¡⣬ȴͻı顣
ֻжʮ꣬õ껪ȻϣѿЦݣδ̫ɱˡ
֮ǰǺ¿õĽ֣Բųٳٲҿȴ˭֪Ľֱеĸӱ顣ȫֹӹˣŰëַˡ
ȷŰȴⱾڣҲãҲգΪ֮̾𣿡
ǰ顯֣ʵֺγˣжΪʧ˷򣿡

һ顱֣ȾԲ̳



ھŰһʮ Ů˿
Բ̳ҲͬΪƺԲ̳ҪһЩ
Ҹ̾ġաġɵġҲ̾߶ˣԴԼ˵˵ģֽȻͬ
һ֣С˵С˵ѡ顱дס
һֱɱˡһƴ߶˵Ӧþʹּ˰ɡ
ˡХ硷ͻȻԹӹȤˣȻһС˵ѡ顯дסһڡ顯֮һ֣ģ
ҲһʣֻǲϵҲĻش𡣡
ôܣȻأʹ΢ǿȥע΢Ȼͳһʣʵ˶ˣпܻشŶ
⣬Ҫ˶УҶȥ
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¥Ͼͱ𷸻ˣ˼ҹӹŲϡء˵˵ŮŮҲұһճҿһûƯ
ʲôã֪һֶPS𣿡
˵ǲǸȥΧ۹ӹ΢ˣ
ðɣȥһ𰡣ûӹ벻ġ


ǣӹ΢ķ˿˲١
·ҲֳˢģʽһɫŮ˿
ӹУ顯ʲô
ӹڡ顯οģ
ӹ󣬡顯֮һ֣ģ

ԵȻͬ˼ȴһģǱڹӹο顱֮һֵģ
ġ顱ҶףָŮ֮ġ顱
Ժܿǧʵİˡ
ĳסСصǹһ˿Ц⣬ֳڴɫ
ԣҲڹӹ΢ˡ

ӹ˻ûпЩԣܶˣȴѾȿˡ
һЩԣƽʱоעӹ΢ϰߣոһˢʱһΪǡҾЩһڶڮٹӹأ¶ЩһԸɵó
ϸһƣˢ֮󣬶ǻһɫŮ˿ֱ˷
ˢʵ⣬ôŮ˿˷ܡ
ǣԲ̳ôһӡ
ذذڸϽȥΧ۹ӹ΢һȺŮ˿ڶԹӹΧ׷½أ׷ʹӹο顯֮һֵģֱ˷ܼѵãҶȥ˱ضڣ
һʱԲ̳ը˹
һǣӵʵԲɣ֪ӹƾ衶Х硷һ飬˴ŮԶߡ
Ůȥʹӹڡ顱⣬Ҳ
ǣҲֱţǰȥӹ΢ΧۣԵú˷ܣҾȥ˲١
Ƕı˷ܣΪôŮ˿˷ܣǾͲö֪ˡ
ǺߵĿҪöࡣ
֪ˣȻҲ֪
Ҳͬһ֪ˣȻߵȦһ˵СȦӴǸСȦӣܿ죬ܶ߶֪ˡ
֮ǰͶԹӹġХ硷һ飬˴ŮԶ߶Ľʺޡ
ôŮ˿ˢʹӹ⣬һǹŮ֮ġ顱⣬Ҫתķ˿Ľడ
һʱ䣬һߣĵߣĽʺޣ׷ǰӹ΢Χۡ
Χ۵ͬʱҲӹüװᡢװأҪشЩŮ˿ĶȥͲתΪķ˿˰ɡ
˾ôŮ˿ջҪشǾͻشײһЩŮ˿һ𰸣ʧ֮Ȼȥ
һüͷЩ޺޵ĶŹӹ΢Źӹ΢һɫŮ˿ԣͬĽּʣȻ޾͸ˡ
һ벻ףҲѽܣѾΪʲôô˹ע
ôŮȥʲô顱ŮŮ֮İ飬ôһ˭治֪ʲôʵģ

ӹ΢·Щһɫ֮ʱѾ֪жΧ۹ӹ΢ſӹλش
ֻ뿴һӹϲװصļһ᲻ѡش
ο顯֮һ֣е˼˵ǹŵЦ⡣
ȻôҪ֪Ȼɨҵˣ룬΢ǳлҵĹעο顯֮һֵģʵڡХ硷ƷУѾѴ𰸸˴ҡһǵƷУսǸ𣿡



ھŰһʮ ɽףӢ̨
ӹ΢ˣΧ۵һ㶣ȻһŮ˿һϲӹȻĻشˡ
һȴﰧ̾ӹվǵֵסôŮ˿ջֻ˵ĻشܹײһЩ
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ǧ˶ɽףӢ̨֮ı簮Ⱦ
ĿǰΪֹɽףӢ̨Ĵ˵Ŷ汾еĲȽϴ
ĸ汾ȴһģǱ˵İ飬ΪԸһԺ෭ɡ
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Ϊֱһ仰񣬲֪Щʲô
ܿ죬Īһ죬һڣߵɫģûɫļһ


֮ǰעӹ΢һŮ˿ǣҲ½˳ӹ΢صġ
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ӹԲض˵Ҹղȥ˽һ¹ӹԭӹҲ֮ΪţֻںЩ鷳ӹǾԵһ㲻ɷϡǲ֪˭һЩ
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һ֮ӵƽСĿʼ鿴ӹ΢ݡ
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Σֵ׼дˡ
ͷţ뷨ҪдС˵뵱С˵ЩһҰ֮ΪС˵һ֧ɡ
С˵֣˶һ㶣ȻǶǵһ˵ĳƷ
ƺ⣬Ψİ飬Ҿ˼ɡ
ƺЩ˼Ѿ˹˼
ţһĹ˼Ѿˡ
֣˵ƪж೤׼ֱӳʵ飬־Ͻأ
ƪżְɡڷзʽҼȲ׼ʵ飬Ҳ׼־ء
Ŷ֣ࡢ˾ɻĿһۣ֣Ȳʵ飬Ҳ־أС׼ʲôķʽ
ٺһЦ˵֣΢
΢֣ࡢͬʱɻʵ
ͷû΢ǽġɽףӢ̨һ
֣ࡢ˼һ֣΢С˵ǿٵصͷһΡеĺôȻԶ׼ֻҪóֻʱضĶС˵Ƿ֮ԶǣߵǷǳġҲһ⣬ǾֻѵĸĶѵС׼Ѹҿ
ͷûȫѡ
ǣĿʲô߿˵ȷǷˣԼ˵ɾֻиûջˡţ˿ڱϵջԼһЩ΢˿
ţĿǰ˵ġֻΪıҶС˵ĶϰߣԶȥ
Ŷ֣ѵ㻹΢շѲɣ
ЦȻܣ΢ϲܣǿԼŪһշѵĵطȻʱԶԶûг죬Ҳֻǳôһ뷨ҪʵʩҪȴҪȴãҲȷ
ԼŪһշѵĵط֣ࡢ˶һۣ˼
Լܹоһ󵨵뷨Ǹ뷨Ҫʵʩס
Ҳȫûлᡣ



ھŰٶʮһ ר
֣ࡢˣһ֮˸֮ȥ
ߵ··óһЦ־Ԫġ
糤ôˣŵ绰˵
ӣģѾкüýҵ־ˣҪһרáȷе˵ǶԹӹһרãͨQDַʾС㿴⡭Ԫӵ绰ﴫ
רãƬ̣˵ԣû⣬糤ѡһý壬ʱԼŵ㡣ѹӹQDŸҾͿˡ
õģû⣬ȥšԪ˵
õģˣ糤
绰ﴫԪˬʵЦ֮˵ﻰͷҿɸоࡣ
Ҷϵ绰ȥýҪרã˵ȻǺ¡
ˣܾ

Ԫõ׿֮ڼý֮Уѡһҽժý塣
ժļԶϲѣԪʾлһŵ㣬׼ʱϵӹ
ҲѹԶϲҪɷùӹý岻٣ܹѡУǷǳˡ
ʵϣֻǽ죬ʱһֱýҪɷùӹΪ뽣һ֮һƷ
ֻ˽죬ýҪɷùӹԸøӵˡ
Ǹʡʡǵý壬Խˮ¥ֱ̨Ц־֮⣬Ӧûý壬ͨ绰ֻʲôʽҪɷùӹԸ
ΪЦ־ܹ뵽ģϵϹӹΨһ
ڣᱻժõˣԶõˡ
뵽ͬĽʺ޵ӣԶܹ˷ܣ

ʱԶейȥڶ855֣ԶʼӹӹQDΪѡ
ʵϣӹӹQDˣ̵ڲӣǲס
ܿ죬ӹ֤ͨԶϲæкӹʦãժļߣԶǳлӹʦܹǵרá
ӹϢصúܿ죬ãˣԸɷãҺҡ
ԶŹӹĻػڳһӹǷǳ׺͵ģɷ׶ˡ
ڹӹ̫أһЩĹӹǸ͵ģý
ڣڷˡ

ʥ塣
ڵǰͶԷ˼䣬֮רʽʼ
ӹʦǶ֪ġХ硷ѾᣬӺܶϿһƷǷǳɹġĽǶȿ綼ΪһƷȲϽһġƽ͡Դˣô
ĿûдҳϣһƷȲϡƽ͡
ӹʦһ˵˵ӹʦѾɲž޷õƷʹӹʦԴô
ȸлҶҵƷֺ֧ϲǲǽɲž˵˲㣬ҷϣҲδػšԣʱȥ֤ɡ
ô˵ӹʵҪƷˣ
ȻΪʲôأ
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һƷѾ׼ˣܿͻͶǼ档һƷҪ΢һʱˡ
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˵׼ȷո˵Щȷ緢źšǲҴתսźţС˵ҵļƻС
ǹӹʦǲǿ⣬ȷʵзС˵ֻΪС˵޷ԭ򡣶ǱļƻСҲ˵㻹ܼƷҲһѡ񷢱С˵𣿹ӹʦ
ԣ⡣
˿ӹʦ׼С˵ˡ֪кܶŮС˵ߣŹӹʦܹС˵硣ǿǵı֮󣬶Ȼǳ˷ܡôӹʦɷ͸¶һ£ĵһС˵׼ʲôʱ򷢱Ҳһڴ
Ȼû⡣ҵĵһС˵Ѿ׼ĲˡҵС˵ܺϵС˵ЩһҸԸ֮ΪС˵ڷʱ䣬ӦҵһƷ֮һԸ͸¶һ£ҵĴС˵ȡһȫµطʽҶǳϲطʽھʲôķʽһӣʱ򷢱ʱ򣬴Ȼ֪ˡ
С˵ȫµطʽӹҸ˶ԣڷǳĺڴ룬ߵĿǵı֮Ҳͬǳڴġ
ôҸлҵĺڴʱһôʧġ

רûڼԶ½˺ö֮󣬲δֺǲĽרá



ھŰٶʮ ҴĻ
רãԶϲ̵Ÿոշʵݣ泩
һηʵջԶҪö࣬ЩһԻ飬µĽѾ˱ϣԶЦ
Զ˷ܣҲ
ʱʥȥɽ缯е·ϣҪȥ㶫
ȻҪȥ飬ü첻ˣĽ
·ϣҰòãһԵһͲɣʶĲʶģֻҪÿͨͨһЩ
ȻһһŻأҪѧУſڵʱ򣬻Ҳˡ
ġƵġϵġģɫĻУǳƯ⡣
ȻŻشҡڵ߽ѧУ
һ·ʦ׷׸ʺôкŮʦǻĽ񣬿Ļأ˵һ䣬ƯĻ
ʦĽĿֻĽˣټʣӲٺˡ
ո·һͬ칫ҵʦ˵ϿΡ
㾶ֱϿεĽ棬һ¥ԶԶľ
ٺһЦߵҵĺŴŹšǰ΢Ųһ㣬ͨ˽̨ϣӰ鲢ûп
ӣĻأһһƶϡ
̨ϵרĵĸѧǽΣͻȻ⿴ԼֱߺĴһĻأøɫҰƴɵģǳƯ
һ˲䣬ѾӦ˭һϲ
ܿ죬ɫ΢΢һ죬Ҫһۣȴǲˡ
һʱ־ЩЦ˶񣬲ȥΡ
ȻʱһЩϿϲѧҲ˴Ȼֵһػͬ´½һ˷ܡ
֮󣬱ֱͱͬͬĻء
ԽԽѧŤͷ濴
СѾͷҲ˴ĻأƲ죬ֹ˵ʲôԣ֪˭档
鿴ѧȫ濴ЩΡ䡱ߵҵǰŴǰţ̽ӣݺݵĵ˶ںŴһۡ
ٺһЦջһǵĶ
ȴֵһۣȻصţ»ص̨ϡ
бںϣ¿ΣոսȫˣЩЦЩ
ЩСһﻹǸСʱһܽʲô紵ݶе˷ܡ
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ܿ죬ԭΪУ԰ʱֺһƬ
ҵǰһδ򿪣Ӱһ߳
ӹĻأҲͬĻһá
˵һ䣬Ͻ֮󣬱㡰䡱칫ȥ
ٺһЦæϡ
磬黹СѾͷڼϳ˷
֮СѾͷѧУҪĶ֮Ҳص˴ӡ

ڶ죬ժһǼ棬ʵֽʱֽ֮⣬ϵĵӰ棬ҲͬС
ժѾԤˣйӹרöұ
ϢѾԣšժеˣǳĶࡣ
ԣߣҲС˵Եȵȡ
ҶԹӹһרãǳĺڴ
Ȼͬˣ˼ǿ϶ǲһġ
һڵġժҲûйҵĵȴǹӹרڣٷ֮ʮϵݣǹڹӹרõġ
ССıʮ
ӹ˵ҽɲžԺʱȥ֤ɡ
ӹд飬ΪѾдΪС˵ҵļƻС
ӹҵС˵С˵һҸԸ֮ΪС˵
ӹĴС˵ȡһȫµطʽʲôֵڴ
ӹϡХ硷硶ƽ͡ǻһƷܿͻͶǼ档

ֱ漰˶棬֮к֮Ϣôҿ֮棬۲ϡ
Ȧӡ
ӹһƷܿͻͶ߼棿⵱ǳϣȫ벻
ȷ⣬ΪҲҪһʱ֮󣬲ŻƷ
ҲǼ֤ûнɲžɡҹƣһӦҲжƪƷ
֤ûнɲž¾ԸΥôſ飬Ľ»ӵ֤ǽɲžˡһλС
˭֪ӹôأǻ˵һƷ󣬾ͻῪʼС˵ˣţԣ˼ʲôС˵ҲһƷһƷֻȻϡ
ȫµطʽ֪طʽʲôȫµġСӾϲŪ顣




ھŰٶʮ ෽ע
Բ̳
ǶڹӹרãȻǸĹעʱȻٲˡҾǵ䳰ȷ
˵ʲôӹʱˣϽȥд飬ȻҪٿһֱ޴ľ
ҪԼĽɲžչֵ쾡֮󣬲ſϰ֡
ʲôӹһһ͸ˣǾǹӹһƷȵȡ
⣬ԹӹתսҲˣ˵ʲôдʵʵдͺˣȴƫƫҪȥһʲôű죬Բݲճճ׵ߡ
ҾǺ˷ܣǣڡҾһһףȻǳϤҲѾϰǵĴڡ
ԣҾǵ䳰ȷڴ˵ûʲôӰ졣
жԼĿжϡ
ӹҪٳһӦҲжƪɡжƪƷ̫ʣϣܹ񡶰Х硷һ⡯
һжƪƷҲͬڴ
ӹ˵һƷ֮һƷҪһʱˡڰʾʲô𣿡
ϣҪ˳İʾͺãһʱҲûйϵǵȵ𡣡
֮ǰܶ˶˵ӹΪһһ񣬶ʹԼԴӰ졣ҽ쿴˹ӹרãоԣƺûʲôӰ
ȻãӹӦÿԼƷ绹治ûйӹ
ʵɣΪӰġȻӹ˵²ƷҪһʱȥˡңʱ˵úģһʱ䣬˭֪ǵȶأ֮һ׼ɣһƷ˵ǹӹһƷˡȻҲϣ
ϣҪ˰ɡȻ̫ϧˡ
ˣʲôԭ򣬹ӹ׼дС˵ǰٷ֮ٵȷˡֻǲ֪ӹ˵ĴС˵ʲôС˵Ҳϲ飬Щ档
ֻǴС˵ӹ˵һȫµطʽҵǶνġȫµطʽӵĺ档
ٺ٣֪ҷûУӹǲдˣƺҵĿ⡣
ȷҸоӹԺ󲻹ܻдǵʧĴƷҲȥ֧һ£𣿡
ţʱ֧һ°ɣϾǹӹڵʱЩԣӦĻм



С˵ǣڹӹרͬǳע
ңصı֮ǵ飬ӣǷǳ˷ܡ
ΪӹҪдһ£ڰٷ֮ٵȷˡ
ǶǳҪ֪дΪֱĹӹܹд£
ڹӹԺ󻹻᲻дǸ⡣
дֻרдȻãҪдҲνֻҪᶪͺá
ֻǣڹӹеġС˵ҾЩ㲻ˡ
⣬˵ӦҲС˵ɣΪʲôҪǿ֣
Ҹ㲻ףⲢӰеڴӵڴ
ڹӹ˵ģȫµطʽǵǺ⣬ıأǶȥҲˡ

ԡߡС˵֮⣬һЩӰӹ˾ҲԹӹרΪע
ڣӾгѾԽŮӾ缤С˵һҲȫµʱ
Ӱӹ˾ҲҪһõ磬ȻҪԭС˵
ӹС˵ȻǸӰӹ˾׷Ķ
Ȼӹ鷳Ҳп˥֮⣬ԸӰӹ˾˵ⲻҪӹƷгӦãǲȨҲˡ
һӹƷгӦãǾͿԼ׷Ȩ
ݹӹԭС˵ıĵӾ磬ԴЧ
ԣȻϣӹܹƷȥ
ڣ˹ӹרñ֮󣬸Ӱӹ˾΢΢һ
ӣӹƺ˷С˵Ĵ
ڹӹС˵ڸӰӹ˾ûпǹӾȨ⡣
ǶڹӹС˵ڻ⡣

Ӱӹ˾ԹӹС˵⣬ٵ౨־ȴԹӹС˵ǳȤ
ǵȤȻϣӹС˵ܹǵ־Ͻأڸʲôģһж
֮ôùӹС˵ΪǶԹӹС˵жôġ
ǶԹӹС˵гǳġ
էһ֮ƺЩìܣʵȻ
ȻӹС˵гһλˣһС˵ҲĵһС˵
˵ĵһƷȴĿڴС˵ԡܶԡǺܶߣԹӹĵһС˵ǳȤ
гǰ£౨־ȻϣӹܹѡǵĿء
ڹӹ˵ȫµطʽԶĺԵˡ
ǿǲֻǹӹһͷˡ
ôȫ¡Ҳ벻忯ﲻǡ
ԣԴӽ졶ժڹӹרñ֮
ժҵЦ־磬ܵ౨־ġɧš
û취ҪϵϹӹֻȥɧšժҵֻЦ־硣



ھŰٶʮ ԧ쵶
౨־磬ϵġɧšժҵЦ־磬Ҫӹȡϵ
ȻǵõĻظǣӹʱû󱨿־򡣵Ժкʱ򣬹ӹϵ
౨־ΣֻʱȡӹĻᡣҲ־磬ӹתϣӹԸͳ⡣
Դˣ־絹ûоܾʾһתﵽλ

࣬Ů30꣬С˵ҡഺѧңڻӵдķ˿ȻŮ˿Ӷࡣ
Ҳڿӹרñüͷ΢΢Щ
ʵʱڿӹרñС˵ңԶԶֹһˡ
֮ǰд˵ӹתսС˵ʱ򣬾Ѿ˲С˵ҵע⡣
ֻǸʱ򣬴Ҳôϣһд飬дʲôĺƷ
ȻǰġɽףӢ̨һ䣬ΪĺճһС˵
Ϊˣǻȥ˹ӹġХ硷֮һС˵Ҿ룬һд飬ӱȻȡãС˵ĵλֻҲͬСɡ
һǷΣһС˵Ȼж໶ӭддƫҪܵС˵ʲô֣
ȻһжֻĲ²⣬ûеõӹ˵֤ʵ
ԣڽӹרñһС˵Ҿͷǳˡ
ǿ֮жһͻһҪС˵ˡ
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ҲҪôȻһ仰ȷ̫ޣһõС˵ɲǿһ侪޵ĻܹġĵһƷ֮УЩ˿ʧ֮࣬ԷַתΪ·ˣתڡĿԲС
ûǼһﻹԲѵ˵ʲôǴС˵ҿνĴС˵ͳƵС˵ֻǼһΪ˱죬һͷˡºһҧľǴС˵˭Ҳûа취ǡ
ΣһСһЩΪáǼһȻܹ֮ΪС˵粻ţڻδʽѾĶǷ֮
ȻҪǷ֮ҪΪôࣿ

࿴Ŵҵüͷ壬Ŀʹҵձ鿴࣬ڹӹѾȫĵ̷

ӹרһø۷׷ף˺ܶ˵˼Ҳ˺ܶ˵θڣһЩˡ׼
ȴûȥ˵뷨ΪһС˵׼
Ĳ²ⲢûдһС˵ȷʵһжƪƷȷе˵ǶƪƷ
ʽǰӹƪƷ֮һġԧ쵶
ԧ쵶ȫ֣֣׼һȫꡣ
롶Х硷һӹƷȣ㲻óȻص
˵Х硷һﰧ˵֮衣ôԧ쵶һڶгĬĽгȤͼ
һͼУӢۡúȤ
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ĸϲ̫ΪԼ书һһӢۺܣĶĴ򱧲ƽ
Ȼʵȴ书ϡƽּʶҲǳġˡ
߽ȻҪǳһЦԷǵ
ҲΪǱԭ߽꣬ȴȻҲһ漣ˡ
̫ġˡǽӹдˡţСԡ
̫ڽӹı²֮ġˡҹɡͯܲͨȣǾ쳹ڽ⡣
ֻ̫˵ԧ쵶ǰӹţСԡ
ôһѡⲿƷȻҲţСԵ˼Ϊ֮Щ쵱ˡ̵档
ֵƷûö೤ʱ䣬Ѿȫꡣ
һ֮󣬷͵Ԫĵ䡣
һڵġЦͽʽС



ھŰٶʮ ޵
Ц־յԧ쵶ĸ֮󣬱ڹ͹ٷ΢ϣͬʱ緢һϢ
ӹһƪƷԧ쵶ᷢһڣҲ722췢еġЦϡ
Ҳùӹ΢תء
ǶһϢ⣬ΪӹרѾ˵ˡ
ӹƷһƪƷҲûв´
ڣΨһĵǣһԧ쵶ĻǹӹһƷ
ȻӹѾ˷ϣһ䣬һƷһʱ䡱˶롣
˼ʱ722һ죬һڵġЦС
Ƿ׷ǰͤ򣬺ܶҲǰǺȤ֪пǹӹʵġԧ쵶һƷ
С˵ԣҲȥһЦǣһһεġԧ쵶ҲϴεġХ硷һһأ
ǰѡԧ쵶֮󣬷ֲȫݸ顱֣ȫմߡﵹҲûʧ
Ϊǿúܻ֣ȻҲǲϲĴɱɱȴڶгĬ
С˵ҲԺĬ
ЩԺߣȻͬ֡
ȫĵһ仰ǣĸװĺӲڵ·һĸо
ǵĶһƺƴӵʮλʦڶӡ
Ҫ·ٸڶӡ
ĸţӵʮʦڶӶݲȣҪôָ֣ҪôΧǱŴ֡
ɰڶӵͷ˷ŵùǺ
һѺڣʮʵȴܻһԡԧ쵶׸ϡ
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ΪԷҪԧ쵶ԧ쵶׸ϵĶһ٣ȫѱ
ˣžʦǲסˣԼһ˴ԧ쵶ߡ
Ȼʦһ֣ȴ˵书ʵϡƽ֮
ЩЦãҲû鷳ڶӼ·
˱ǡ̫ˣ֮ҪڶӣΪ˵õһȥף١
ڶûдٳɹ˵Ҳ٣һĿ֡
ֱַη򸾣ԼԬˣ̫Ĵټƻûгɹֻǵ书ʵ̫
һһƥ̫ΪһڿԳɹˡ
ȴ˭֪Ҳ򲻹
ﲻǱˣ͵Ůлۣ֪˴ٲĿģΪ˵õһԱȥԼĸף٣ժԼͷϵĽΣ͸Ϊ
̫ڲټһĿˡ
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ӵУ׿׷ްԼòãȴܴķ޵Ԭϡл۶ˡ
δѧȫķ޵սʤ׿ۣסԧ쵶ڲ翹ս˴˻㺡
죬·ӢۺܶأԬԧ쵶͸֮࣬ŮлԬϡ
η޶ˣѷ޵ȫԬϡл۶ˡ
ϲϣͻȻйٱΧס˵Ҫ׽÷塣
һսӢ۴׿Ϊ׵Ĺٱ飬ͬɽС
ɽ֮ϣ˵ࣺ壬Ϊ빬Ϊ̫࣬ͼɱʵۣȴһֱûܵ֡
ʵΪԧ쵶ɱ˱ԧ쵶ԬλӢۣǵӶŮС
ȳλ˺ǵĶŮΪ͢ĿٺԬλޡ
˵֮ʱ̧̫׿۶˶лȥһԧ쵶
˽ԧ˫Уϸһᣬڷ˽Уԧ쵶޵µܡ
ԭԧ˫ĵϣֱšߡ͡޵С֡
޵С޵µܡ
±㵽ڿ󣬾ǻȻĳһ
ԹԵ߶ţԭ޵µܣ޵УȻ޵£
ֿ֮šȫꡱ֣Щˬź
ûˣҲ̫˰ɣأͻȻûˣֱǿ
ƪС˵Ȼ޷ƪС˵һ֡ˬˡĸо
֮Իⲿԧ쵶ˣûпˬֻ˵һƪС˵ǳɫɶԼǿ
Ȼǲָоġ



ھŰٶʮ ӹ治дˣ
ԧ쵶ҶоûпˬûˣȻҪǵһ²ˡ
Բ̳
ӹġԧ쵶˰Ҳ̫ͻȻ˰ɡһȺԧ쵶ͻȻܳȫꡯ֣Ŷ
ĵȷ̫ͻȻˣȺɽУӦûûȫհɡֱӽˣӹҲ̫ˡ
Ҷоܿӣ˵ǿӣȴܻ֣̫ͷţǸЦϸԭƷĬ
ûҴ֮ԻоӣҪΪ⡶ԧ쵶ĿɶԺܸߣҲŻδĸоǰ̫жƪƷɴûйĸо
ⲻϻǹӹƷȻӹڴ鷳ӹվǹӹԶЩܹͨȵġ
óӹƷХ硷͡ԧ쵶ڳдµĶдһѾɹˣֻΪԺƪԭʹƷϣȲùӹ֮ǰļƷϣܿӹ֮ǰõƷ
Ҫ֮ǰƷãǾͱǳƪƷУʱӦǲˡԧ쵶ǹӹʣӦûпܵġǾʣǾûа취ˡ
Ǿԧ쵶ǹӹʰɡ

Ȼáԧ쵶ܿӣȴǲ͡
һ֮ǰδֹģڶгĬƷҶƷеġ̫ӡΪ̡
ĸһﲻΪ书ߣȡŸˣ۴ϼңӣ˫ֿ磬Ǹ»Ӱǰ˲󸡢ר̤ѩ޺ۡˮϷɡ˫̸ʡһ
߽ٵȤȻû֣ӡҲͲΪˡ

־磬İ칫ҡ
뽣һˣҲԿˡԧ쵶
̾ӹǹӹⲿԧ쵶ƪ̣ȴдµĶǡХ硷һϿδжãȴߵĶ
һȴܲΪȻ˵࣬Ʒȷ㣬ҲɡӹΪʲôҪжƪѡƪƷΪѾٴƪƷˡ
˵⡶ԧ쵶ɣδҲ̫ͻȻˡΪʲôҵƲǣӦǹӹ֮ǰ׼õƷҲ֮ǰд˵ģԭļƻУԧ쵶ƪӦûҪöࡣ
ôΪʲôдȥܼ򵥣ΪѾдȥˡԣɴͰ֮ǰдõĸ΢޸һ£һƪƷֱӷˡڽѿӰˡ
룬һ˵ȷЩ⡶ԧ쵶пǹӹ֮ǰѾд˵Ʒ
ȻڹӹһƪƷˣǾͱӹڽӦòټдˣںܳһʱڲд
ΪʲôҪѡԧ쵶ƪƷֱӷˣöϧ
ȫһءԧ쵶һ߼дĹ
дҲдˡ
뵽Щһ˿˷ܵɫڰѹӹϳȥ𣿡
Դʼӹƾ衶ԽŮһ飬һٳ֮󣬾ܾ˴־׳֦֮Űѹӹϳ磬ӴдС˵
ڣڳɹ
Ӧò˰ɡ
ЦǺǵ˵ôСƣͿˣȡճΪһˡ
һһЦ˵ɷģһ첻ȵ̫á
ĵ˵ͷ룬˵Ҳܵģڵ磬ǶܻԾƵЩƵңҶһʡ¡ˣȴǳĵ͵ûʣûз飬Щ̫ҪһǵĶ̬
һмһЦ˵֮࣬ǰ֮ΪĴûǵƷѾʱˡٷ飬ܶʲôв
ҡҡͷСƣǧܺǡ֮ǰƷȷǹʱˣǼȻܱ֮ΪĴңʵǷֻҪܹͻ֮ǰƷǷͬСɡô͵п׼ƷԵȴʱ
һüͷ壬˵࣬Ҷ־µû׼飬־Ӧ˽Ŷ԰
ҡͷȻһֱƣҶ־µߣʵǺҶֻǺϵƷǡˡȻһ˫Ӯľ棬ȴǴ־ޡ
ԭˡһͷҲҶ֮ǰļ֮һȻĴ
գһ񲻽ЩĽҶĴ
һɫѲµ룬ЦСƣ㲻ĽҲĴҵڲܣһʡǵ־磬ҲͬĴ
һһ󼤶˵ǣ࣬һŬġ⣬ҽעҶǵĶ̬ġ
šĵ˵ͷ


ھŰٶʮ һεܽӴ
ڡԧ쵶ЩҴҵĽβһԼһЩߣӿ϶Ʋӹ治ټдˡ
⵹Щϣ֮ǰûһ硣
˵֮ȴЩҵķ
˵ûмֵ
ΪԼҲáԧ쵶ĽβЩæ
ΪʲôЩæ
ԭ򣬻ûԭҲֻ֪Ʒİ˹
ӦûԭģǰӹүӦþ趨ġ
ҡҡͷȥ⣬ڴƲĽۣҲ͡
ϴεĹӹרУѾȷıʾˣ
ŲţͲҵˡ
ң벻ţ˵ҲûйϵȵʱʱټƳµƷͺˡ
ڣ׼һȫµƷˣһƷ
ϴεĹӹרУѾȷʾĵһƷһƷ֮Ƴ
ڣʱ˵һƷѾƳ͸ĵһƷˡ
Ȼûŵʱ䣬̫á
Ϊ֪кܶŮ˿ǣѾˡ
ԣÿʼжžžžĵϣ˵һƷ֣һεܽӴ
һֻ֣ЩǷǵƷ
һǰΪģһϵС˵
ڰóŶصĿһǳҪƷ
ʶġ
ôʼģҲǲˣΪҵһplanɣǸplanôдģ
һǧҾһӡ
һǧûС
ԣȻûзӡ
гҾܷɡ
гûС
ԣҲû취ɡ
̫ƽˮҲϨҶ㰮Ļ档̫ƽˮȫó𣿲С
ԣҲ㡣

žžž֣ϹŻĪЦݡ

һڵȷкܶŮ˿ѾԹӹĵһС˵ˡ
ڻϰԵĳ֮С˵ӹνġС˵ڻûеõҵϿɡ
˵ѾϰˡС˵һƷ
ӹ֮ǰר˵ĵһС˵һƷ֮ƳŮ˿ǿǼǵһ
ڣʱ˵һƷѾƳһС˵ӦþͲԶ˰ɡ
ֻǣȴٳٲӹ͸¶йһС˵ݣҲûһ౨־磬繫عӹĵһС˵
ѵӹû־̸ú
Ů˿硣

ȻڴŹӹһС˵ˣԶԶֹЩŮ˿ǡ
ٵҲڴҲ֪ӹС˵дôܹܲС˵ȥ
ܹȥǼд¡ġ
⣬ǾǱֹ֧ӹĿģڴˡ
ǰС˵ʱһŹӹС˵ı־ûġ
вٵҲڴϾͬΪߣôҲùһ£ӹҵܹ߲ܲǡ
ֻûǱֻ̬ǾͲö֪ˡ
ţӦеġ

Ů˿ļ౨־Ҳͬļ
ԽǵڹӹĵһС˵Ҫʱ򣬸౨־磬ԽܸоӹһС˵гԽ
ӹٳٲ̸ǵŪ
ӹѾĳһұֻ־磬˺Э飬Ҳˡ
ؼûУûһұ־磬ӹ˺Э顣
һҾԿ϶Ϊһұֻ־ӹ˺Э飬ǾѾֶˡ
ӹģ౨־粻һЩƽʱнı־֮䣬⼸ۡ
˵ǹӹǸʲô˼̸ĪС˵ҲڡЦأֻ˵Ͳ㷢С˵
ӦöܡЦС˵ǳڵڶϴרУ׿ڳҪС˵ģһ˵һƷ֮ͷ϶˵
٣˵һƷ֮֮󡯣ָʲôʱɾ˵ˡһ£һꣿꣿԳ֮Ϊ֮
ǲܰɣûҪϷ
˭֪أϷϲɵ顣ȻΪγٳٲ̸⣿
ûע⵽һιӹר˵һȫµطʽ
һ˵ҵˣȷ˵ӦһͷɣڿϽأʲôطʽ
Ҿ벻֮ǰҲΪһͷƺƺûЩ־ѵνȫµطʽģңÿ壿
ÿ壿ⲻܰɡ
˭֪أӹǸ˱صģ˭֪ôģ
ˣſɣҵҪڸʲô
ţѾɹĹҵĺġ




ھŰٶʮ ΢
кܶˣʱ̶ڹעŹӹ΢ڴܹӹ繫йĵһС˵Ϣ
ʥ壬ѾһεܽӴĸȫ˳֡
ȻǰԭȣһЩط޸ģ޸ĵĲڣһЩϸڱ
ΪԭġһεܽӴУһЩУûеıزģȻҪ޸ĵ
ⲿƷǰ֮ΪһϵС˵Ʒ˴Ԫء
Ҫ˵ǣоƦӲһֱܹӵһϵİ飬һżȻĻᣬһŮ
Ͻ죬˴˶Էͨһķʽ档
˫ǱԷرͲİ˶Էֻǣ˭Ҳû˵ơ
˹һοֵʱ⡣
ٺȴͻȻʧˣȵƦӲһμʱȴһ
ǸֵŮѾ㲣ʱ޶ࡣ
ǸŮȥˣ޷ټ裬Ҳ޷ټ
ֻһɫţһļ䣬ԶƦӲ̵С
һĹ£һ˸еĹ£ٿͬ겻ѡ
ҡҡͷ½ӹ΢һ΢
һǧҾһӡ
һǧûС
ԣȻûзӡ
гҾܷɡ
гûС
ԣҲû취ɡ
̫ƽˮҲϨҶ㰮Ļ档̫ƽˮȫó𣿲С
ԣҲ㡣
ȷϡ֮ȤĵſǵķӦ
֮ҪȷһûͷûԵ΢뿴һҵķӦΣΪһεܽӴʽ̵档

һ΢ո²ãͱܶע⵽ˡ
Ů˿ԣߣС˵ߣ౨־ĹԱȵȡ
Ҹտʼӹ΢иµʱȫһȻڿ֮ȴȫЩĪ
ʲôŵͦ˼ؼɶ˼˵õйصһС˵أ

֪˭һӣǣӹ΢ڸˡЩ֣֪ӹҪʲô
֪ҪʲôѵǹС˵ģ
ǣҸոҲˡȫЩĪͦ˼ģѡһγǩоͦ
ΪӹӦòᣬԵ޹ʷһ΢ɣӦĳġ
ûʲô⣬ֻҪ΢зӦͺáҲȥΧ΢ɣһҲһ֡

Բ̳
ӹ΢ˣǳ˼һ΢ΪЩǳе
ӹǹӹǲѰ·Ҫ;ϲ
ٺ٣ҺϲһΣǡԣҲ㡯һΣ׼ǩ

Ȧӡ
СָʲôͻȻôһ΢ɶ⣿
ҪС˵𣿸òС˵йذɣ
̫ܰɣȻ˼ȴԵԪأС˵һ𣿡
˭֪أſɣСӾϲʱʱһ˹ע

С˵Ȧӡ
ǹӹ΢ô
ףֻоһČ˿Ϣ
ͬУڵ٩ԼûзӣҲûŮ˰𣿲ӦòܰСӵƷǰȨ˹ڣôûǮ
ʲô˼أֻҪС˵йصĶС
ҲСӵ겡ˣôһҪʲôԼ֪

౨־硣
ӹúõ׼С˵ôһ΢ʲô
ΪҪ־أ˭֪ȴôһ׸һ


۷׷ףӹ΢ˣֲ֪Χˡ
⣬ҪЧ˺óһʱ֮󣬸ոһ΢ԣѾһҳһҳ
ʱˣǵķӦҲ˽ˡ
ǣ˽ĵڶ΢ǣҺá֪кܶ˶ɻ֮ǰĪ΢ʲô⣿
ڣҸߴңҿ԰ǣҶһƷһ
ҵһƷҲҵĵһƷһεܽӴ죬Ҳ724ŵ㣬ʽʹҼ档
ڿ϶ɻҪȥ
һǵ֮ǰ˵һѡһȫµطʽ
ڣ𰸽ҵһһεܽӴȫͨ΢ʽ΢Ͻء
ÿŵ㣬׼ʱ΢ϸ¡
ʱӭÿһλĶ



ھŰٶʮ ó
ӹ΢һθˣڹעӹ΢ˣ˼ȫһһӦúС˵й˰ɣ
ϸȥǰһݾһ㶣ЩĪĻĺйأ
ͷ˵ԺʱûȥΪ۾ڼ濴
ȻͿһεܽӴ
һΣܣӴҲ˶һϣȻ󣬸ԵķӦЩͬˡ
Īеһ˷ܣ۾Ů˿Īɫһ죬һڡ
ЩߣС˵ߣ־ĹԱЦЦֻҲüͷ΢壬ֱ鶼С
ȻûΪ滹һء
ټ¿Ȼ󡭡Ȼ˶׵סˣͨ΢أÿ춼и£
㶹֮󣬱һƬȻ΢С˵ӹģνȫµطʽ
ţȷ£ֱǿٵͷһأؼô΢Ͻأûɹ˵ˣƶû
ӹǴ;ϲֻһεġδҲ̫һɡ
ӹһ΢עҪһȻ󲨡
ǿһ΢ˣھȹȫ۷׷ףҪúõ
Բ̳
ӹ΢Ҷ˰ɣһεܽӴٺ٣֪ʲôӵĽӴбʾ
ӹҺϲС˵˴־ܹ
Ҳϲ˵Ҫֹ֧ӹģǸ岻ݴǡ
˵úã岻ݴǵֹ֧ӹңӹһС˵΢Ͻءԭӹ֮ǰ˵ģһȫµطʽġ
տʼӹ˵Ҫ΢С˵ʱҿ˺һӹǲѰ·
һ룬ӹ΢С˵Щ˵ֱ̫ˡԺֻҪֻ½΢棬ͿԿС˵ˡڿӹ΢һһ˷ܵľ

Ǻ˷ܣΪӹ֣Ϊӹȫµطʽ
һŮ˿ͬ۷׷ס
ӹòЩɶɣ˺ڴӡ
ȷЩʲôдģʲôֶȡҲ±صչˡ
ȷˣ˺׻дЩʲôݣǱ֮ǰڴˡ
ԣ˼൱ɹġŵ㣬һȴɡ
΢С˵⻹ĵͷһΡ룬֮ǰӦû˻뵽ӹѡ΢С˵ɣ
϶Ҷڲ²ӹһ־õ˼һҶ
ӹѡ΢أ񲻾ѸǿΪʲô
ȻˣƹӹЩѰɣֻʲô㣿ڻö֪
㣿ʲô㣿
أǾͨߣôʲôмȷѵС˵ԿǺúõܾͿˡ
ðɣȷŵ㣬ϣʱܹÿһЩ

ǲԸȥǣӹΪʲôҪѡ΢С˵⣿ڸı־˵Ƕеı־˵ȴòȥ⡣
ӹ˵Ʒ΢Ͻصʱ򣬸౨־磬ʵһ̫Ǹеˡ
ԭӹνȫµطʽһͷ˼Ҫһȫµطʽ
ַʽֱӾͰЩֽˣ굽Ǹʲô˼һҪ׵⡣
ȫüͷϽ
΢أֻЩǣԼ˵δаѸ־һ㡣ңֻȫѣһǮѶûС˵Ϊʲô
ΪʲôȥֻһֿܣǾ΢˿ǡ
ţƺȷֻܡٿһεһεܽӴƣʲôԵľĳַջҲɷѿˡ
ô˵ôĿģֻΪ΢ķ˿ֻĿĵĻǵҲûʲôԸڣȥںˡ
ӦþĿ˰ɣʵ벻õʲôĺô

Ū˹ӹĿģﳤһӹԸһƷȥǷۣǾȥڰɣֻҪʲô۶Ӿͺá
ͬʱ౨־磬ҲͬһҲóͬĽۡ



ھŰʮ ΢ٷġչˡ
Ȧӣעص㣬΢֮⣬һط
Ǳǹӹ˵һ΢ЩĪľӣһ
ЩԵԪصľӣ͹ӹʲôϵ
һ߸еɻ
ӹ˵ЩӣԿʲô˼ЩƷйأ
СӲ˵С˵ϵС˵һ˼ǴС˵͸ЩĪľйذɡ
ЩԪصľӣͳɴС˵ˣ
˭֪أԼġ˵Ǿֻǣ㻹û
СӾϲЩڲͬĶХ硷ǣԧ쵶ҲǡдˣȻҲͬҪЩڲͬĶӦõȷǸľйء
˭֪أ쿴ɡĸҲ΢һС˵
ŵǰɣɣǶһ㻹˵΢ϿͲܳȥ־ˣǷ˲١òϣСӵ뷨Ƕࡣ
ǰȷǷˡֻǶԶ߷˶ѡԼûʲôĺô˿һЩ΢˿
СӲǮַֻͨʽ˿ģҲֻܸɿŲǡǣǿ᲻ġ


ȽǣͿֵ̬С˵ȦӵǣɾҪˡ
ΪӹһռС˵гļƣЩڡ
ܶ߶üͷ塣
һεܽӴСӸò룬ͨһʲôаѸռС˵гɡ
ͺˣдԷַӱ⣬д⼸
˵Ӧǲܵġ˼ҹӹС˵һˣ֪ܲʲôдʲôݲдҹҲñ򣬾ĶһЩߵעˡ
ʵϣСӻͳɹˡŹȥ೤ʱ䣿һεܽӴѾϳ׵ĴˡԭͷǳעԺ֮⣬һЩߵȤͺ档ټϣⱾ黹ȡʷǰ΢أĶ൱ķ㡣ԣⱾѾˡȷе˵طʽˡ
û취˭ٶһЩȤģ΢Ͻľٶ͸Ӳ˵ˡ
˭ȥĶһ¡ԣ֮ǰ˵ӹСӲ򵥣һҪӷСϧʤ
˭뵽Сӻķʽһһȡ־صķʽҪֻ˵СӲ֪ʹһЩСֶΡ
ܺСֶβСֶΣСӵȷǳɹˡʲô취
Ҳ̫ģСӵֶΣȷ˺ܶ˵ĺ͹עǣյһУҪƷ˵СӵƷôĻڵһоֻ꼻һֻ֣һٵġ𡯣ͻԭα¶СҲΪһЦ˭ôߵء
ˣСӱϾдˣΪĻԼɽףӢ̨Ĺ¡ƷӦòŶԡ
ɲһдǾ仰ֻҪһУڡɽףӢ̨ϾƪС˵ġСӵС˵Ʒûжá˵ڿ˵ԼǴƷȻһ֮ǰδйƷܹܲߺгܣһء
еǵȷûбҪڵġôСӵˡŵ󣬿ܲô⣿
ţǾ͵ȵŵ㣬һȻн


΢ٷƽ̨
ӹֵ÷з΢ڵһʱ΢ٷע⡣
΢С˵ĵľٶҲ΢ٷһ㶡
΢ѾƳ˺üʱ䣬ȻΪˣе罻֮һܸиҵ׶ε˵ϲ
ҲãͨҲգעԼ΢ʺš
ٷȴǵһη֣΢С˵Ĺܣһµġܡ
ˣڹӹҪ΢С˵һ£΢ٷǷǳӭġһصƼһ¹ӹ΢
ȻС˵΢ٷЩü΢Ǵҵÿ첻֪Ŀⶢš
ⲿƷݣʲôֵܳĶɾ˵Ŀʵˡ
ˣĳλ΢ٷˣ´һŵʱҪڵһʱ䣬ϸ˹ӹС˵ݣݳ֣ڵһʱΣ飬֮˵
ӹ΢Ҳǵһܵˣֱ΢ٷչˡĴ



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ݣҪµİʾѾԽԽԡһϣһţϣ𡣡
컹ΪһҲûʲôֻҪƽͺáڣֻúۡ
ǰǸڡˮꡯЦôġֵľ飬ϣԶܹôġ֡
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ÿµĹӹǹܹͬһ㣬Ҫ̫ĥˡ
ûãҪصݣڿ϶Ѿдˡ
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϶ǵȻǲȥҲܹµõ
ǵ˵Ҳûд˵ˣȷߡҲȷԱʷһתǸϲɫŮӣ棬Լȥ
ֻǣ׼ˣ»ͲһεܽӴˡ
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ҵӰɢˣûҵĵӰѾɢǵüƦӣ

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Ҳ˵ģȻѸ٣ҿԺܿؼĸҵ˼ȴ޷ϵڼϵΡ

һʼĿƦӲ̵ԽԽأҲöǵԽԽء
ӵϧۣһҪƽµԸҲӵС



ھŰʮ Ĳ漣ج
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ѩѽãҲͬ۾Ứ
һһŮЩ˵ΪʲôôأⲻС˵С˵߲ǿһʲôɣͿ漣ĿΪʲôҪȥѵ֪úܶѹ𣿡
ҪʲôɣֻҪ˵һ䣬һ֮ﾹȻ漣Ŀˣҽе˼顣͹ˣҽѧ˵Ҳǲܵ飬ƫƫˡһŮҲЩ˵
ߣҿǸӹߴǹģҪôˣΪѹӣǸһ϶УԲļƵóѣҪǹӹ޸Ľ֣ĽǾһֱֱ֣ͬ޸ĽΪֹһŮһĨᣬЩ߷߲ƽ˵
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˵Ķԣùӹǵѩ˵أҲϣģԲԣ
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ԣܿϧҽȻŮѡ

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֪ǲ˿̽˴е뷨һͻȻϳ֡



ھŰʮ ƺƴԸж
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ԽԽĶ߿ʼܵӰ죬ԽԽ˿ʼ롣
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֣˵ҲСһ޸Ľ֡һεԸжƺƴ׼ô
Ҳѯʵ
һЦ˵ܼ򵥣ҸǣңԶľ룬ľ롣



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⣬ңԶľ롣
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˵ģѾһһһѾҪܹױ˴˵⡣ҲһȻһ𣬶ҲԶǵУ
ǹӹĵ΢һ΢˵Ķ͵һȻ
ǰһʱ䣬ǵһοһ䣬Ϊʱһ



ھŰʮ Σ
ңԶľ롱ǰǳеʫ䣬汾Ҳܶ࣬Ҳкܳ
ֻ׼ȫóֻҪһ䣬Ҿվǰȴ֪Ұ㡣͹ˡ
ߵ˵Ҳж֣˵ǳӡʫ̩ġ񼯡
˵һȷΪ̩ʫУҲʫ䣬ֻһƵʫ䣬ңԶľ룬Ƿľ롣
Ϊһʫ䣬Щʫǳ̩ʫ
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ƺƴġԸжȴӹ΢еһ䡰ңԶľ롱ȴŸոտʼ͡
˶仰Լǩϣеľһ仰šܿᣬбƸҲһЩ˶仰ͬܡ
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С˵С˵ӹԽԽˣʼԹӹȤ
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͹۵ĽС˵˵ǱȽź顣ӦõȷѾõƷˡҲûа취顣ĴʱѾ٣ԽԽС˵߲ӿ֣뿪С˵磬Ҳûʲôˡ
ѵһεġԧ쵶ĳΪС˵ľʣܵ˵ͦźġ
ѾȫС˵гС˵磬ʵҲ




ھŰʮ ΪǼ׼
ڹӹƺѾרС˵緢չһ£ߣûЩźġ
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˵һֵףĺӡھЩǾѾһ走ž
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־磬칫ҡ
һ˷ܡЩڴʵ࣬ӹĻǲٻ𣿡
Ȼܰٷ֮ٵĿ϶ϾЩϵԺܴˡдһЩƷʹ˸˵Զ
һŵ𣿲ٻҲûйϵܸһΣܸڶΡֱҲһС˵Ϊֹ
ЦСƣҪľšڣӹ뿪ˣ䡮һˡͷҪȻ뿪ҲһҪģǾѡһˡͷõ֪֡ѣϾڵ磬Ѿ͹ӹʱ粻һˣҪҵ̫ˡϣȴǲСԣҪŬˡ
һ񵭵һЦ˵࣬ȻѡһˡͷΣӹӹǿһֱĿꡣڣҰѹӹϳС˵磬ȻһˡͷˡҪõͷΣ˵ѵȻȷѡҪ˵򵥣ʵҲ򵥣ֻҪܹóС˵ĿƷͿˡӵࡣ
ŶŽһ˵ֻҪܹдС˵綼ĿƷ˵һôҪΪһˣȷͼˡ
һȻˣֺαذôӣ
𣿡һЦֵܺãСƣҺڴ

ħĳƵڡ
ĸʮҵƱյ
ʶǵˣеһ㵣һֱûǵϢôĸ˶Ⱦƣ
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һʵ˵Ҫ˵뿪磬ƺҲǲܡΪ綼ġ
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ҲѾдһƳжƪƷܹ֤һһ죬ͻȻдС˵ٻдҲǲܡ֮ҪȥжСӾͶˡ
ֵͬ˵ķǳĽСӣһȥд飬һƷܹķˮдддд飬ԡǣһӾֻйԹԵдˡ
ҶƬֵ̣˵СͻȻ䲻дˣ᲻ǵĿһ
һʵҶֵ˼˵СʵҲΪ˰׼һƷһ֮ϣ
µѵҲ֪Ǽ£
ҶȻܹյܹ֪Ҳ֡ң֪⻹Ҳյ˷
ͷƺȷпܣǼǰøո˱ȽȷϵϢдˣ˵Ϊ˰׼ƷȻҲпþ˵
ºȻһЦ˵ʲôԭأǾͲҪӲ²ˣ׼øԵƷС
ҶҲЦ˵Ĳӹǲ׼ƷʵҪ׼Σû׼ΣԼˡ
һʡͬʱôǺȾơȾơ
˾ƱһȻ˶ǡ



ھŰʮ ŮѸĶ
С˵Ȧӡ
ӹ׼С˵죬˵һõϢ
ңԭԤĻҪصĶࡣ
ԭֻΪӹС˵磬ҲдһдС˵ͬ־Ͻء
ĻӹȻռһгҲ̫ء
ΪҵĻһģֻƾƷ˵˭Ʒã˭۾ͺá
ҹȻӹӹҲ¹ӹ˭Ʒãǿɲһ
ȴ˭֪ӹ֮ȴȫơ
Ⱦ͸һʷǰ΢أöᵽ˿С˵ʱһǰδеķ㡣
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С˵򻹺˵С˵ɾ׵ˡ
ȻĿǰ˵Ӧûܻ
ǣʵ־ǵС˵ʱ΢ϿӹС˵Ƚϣ϶ÿӹС˵ҪĶࡣ
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ȻҲѡ΢С˵
ǣ΢С˵ֻǶԶǷǳ㡣ǶԣɾζûаëǮ롣
ӹǮνֻȨš˵ѾӰӹ˾ԡһεܽӴȤ
ǣܹȨƷ֮١С˵ߵԴֻиѡ
΢С˵˭Ը⣿
ңһ㣬ǾǵƷδʺ΢Ͻء
ԼԼһָоƺֻ񡶵һεܽӴֱͨ׵ƷŸʺ΢ء
ѵҪȥдƷҲ˵ϰϰдƷǸЩмȥдƷ
ԣҪ΢С˵Ǿ޿ܵġ
ôӹ΢С˵һ£˵ɾʹĲˡ
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ҵķ˿˵΢ϿС˵εķ㣬ɲʲô顣
ǰҵķ˿Ҳ˵˵ӹǰдʱô΢أƫƫܵС˵֮󣬾Ϳʼ΢ˡǲǹģ
˭֪أǡһεܽӴֱͨ׵С˵ʺ΢ذɡ
һֱ΢ȥǻƷ۲СӰ죬ӦǺã
֪΢Ʒ͵ֲģҲû취ֹǡ
һʱ֮䣬ȷ벻õİ취ҪΪƺǳϲ͵Ʒ֮ǰƺƴԸж˵ʵĽ
ʱעŹӹ˵Ķ̬ɣʱڣ˵ʲôӰ졣
ҲֻˡԸдʲôС˵ֻһʱдҲˡ֮󣬻ǻصС˵ȥɡôڣҲ޹ˣҲͿ֡
˵ֿҲûУȥˣǾͰӷˡ
ٺ٣ǾС˵ȥɡôİȫֻܸһˡ


ʥ塣
֪ԼѾһС˵˺
ոս˶һƷѾ֣غüˣʣµʱˡ
µ¥Ѿˣϰֻûл
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ŮѸĶСѾͷԶԶ
һϣСѾͷĶôôСѾͷʲôˣ˹ˡ
ţ𣬡ոСѾͷӦ˵ʦĶŶ԰ɣ˵ʲôŮѸĶССͲ
һֹһ߽Ķ𿪣ֽ۳ɵһġ͡
֮дһ仰һ⣬֪ʲô𣿡
ЩЦãⲻЩˣѵСᣬϲʲôʱҲȤˣ
ȻȤȻ㣬ֻЩġϷ

ڶ죬727峿뿪ӣǰʡǣ׼ȥЦʽӪ
ҵİ칫صʡǣطѾѡˣʡĴһ
Ԫæѡĵطռһ¥ʱԪѯ⻹һӣֱ
ûа취Ǯԡ
ðɣҪΪĻҲǷǳ󡣻ֱպҪ¶ˡ
ʮ㣬߳ʡǿվһ׼ȥЦ־һˡ



ھŰʮ Ц
Сʱ֮Ц־ڵ
ֱ߹ɫĹʽֱΧǽȴִ¥ӣһֱĸпÿˡ
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ʶҲ֪Ц־ϰ壬ֻܹҲûＸΣͻȻ֣ڻ֮У֪ƺ֪ӦǽӦýϰ壿
ƽʱݵЩ͡
⻹ҿӲ֪ǹӹȻ»мš֡
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΢΢һЦڰ֣˵糤
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칫
һǰ輸ϵĲˮֻԪˬЦϰ壬ôҺòף֣㵽ĺò裬ƽʱԼ᲻úء
ǺһЦ˵֣ϵĲ裬ȻǺò裬ζ
ԪһЦ֣ѣȻ֪Բʵûʲôʲô趼һ
֣۵ķСҶʱר˵ҪôõĲݸȣ˷ѡ
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ټ֪ȥǳǫͣ˷ҪȴǳϸǾ͸Ӳڶʱˡ
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ЦǰӰǱϰࡣԺ糤ɵöչһ£ϾҼߡ
ԪҲЦӦõģҲҪȥ𣿡
ͷǰѾʡǣԭϼҲʡǵģһҲǼǰ֪ġѾ֪ͨǱȥڹѾˡ
ԭˡԪͷ
һ·ţһСʱ֮󣬳ʡǵĵضΡ
Уһ¥̿ȥҫۣЦڵ츮ġ
Ĳ㣬˳ݵĲ㣬һݣĿ֮ȫȻһָ߱Ƹ֮С
ԪطɱǵЦ־ϵζˡ
Ц糤ϲ԰־û
ԪһЦֵǿɵúúøлһϰˡأطߵǸߵͷһϲϵطš
ͬһЦȻ֪Ԫܻ־Ҳ˵ﲢʺ־ӪԪҲ᲻Ǹط
ȻҲ᲻߹¥̵Уɫȴ޷ֺš
Źתһ䣬ھͷŮ˷ܵߴߴ˵ʲô
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ֻʶǸܿŮӣĸŮӲӰ﹤ʶ
ŮŲֹͣ˽̸ȫŤͷŽŲķȥ
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ĸŮһһæϡ
Ƕǵϰʲôݣǿӹӹֵš
Ȼȴûм֪ʵͬһˡ
ȴ֪ǺһԽкС
ǵ˽͹ӹˣһ۵ʱԽΪǿҡĵЩһ۹ȥ۹֪ʵͬһˣ֪һʲôı飿
ǵϼҶڸʡݺҵǣǷԸ⵽ЦҹʱϲвԸĵ
߹ҽҪǣϰ廹ӹӹĺȥң
ԣǺԥĴӦǰܷܷܿһߣЦʽӪ



ھŰʮ С
ܷܷܿŮ첽ߵǰܷܷ˵糤ܱ࣬λã
༸ŮҲæʺá
ǺһЦ˵ܷܷСܿλҲá
ԪŶܷܷʶǣ
ܷܷ΢΢һЦ˵˵糤ܱҲһˣŶһ£Ժλչˡ
ԭˡԪҡҡͷЦҺͿˣӦõġ
ܷܷЦЦȻָĸӣ׼һ£֪ʶ
ȻĸӲܣǿѹ¼˷ܵ飬һҽܡ
ĸӷֱ硢Ԭۡ塢櫡
˵ǵϼҶڸʡ֣غƼѡʱȿǵıϼڸʡߵİɡ
֮ԪͷһȲŴ򿪣˽УǽӴͼ칫ңѾҪװ޺á
˵ǴԺĵطܷܷʱΪĸˣȫȨĹԼΪҵȷе˵ǹӹԺǹӹĴˣ𣿡
ܷܷɫ΢죬ͷ˵ףϰ塣
ЩȻѾȷˣڲʽˡֻĹȷʵ̫һЩ
Ȼû˻ôãеֻ˷ܡ
֮ǰܷܷ֪ƼΪӹʱһͨͨһ˷ܣɬ
ԴӰһߺҪɫСԱ֮ÿμЩɬ
ܷܷϵһ˿ߺ죬ЩЦÿμЩɬ
еԭҲõӦøлһᣬŻܷܷСŮ˵һ档
ȷܷܷͻ᲻Ծ죬ֻǶһ˶ѡˣܷܷɲʲôɬһǼǿġ
ȻɲƼΪӹӲͬ⡣
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ܷܷţ֪ġԪΰһʩ˵糤ָ̡ܱ
ԪΰͬʱЦܷܷˡ
ֵ칫ﻹʲô豸Լ칫ҵ๤ԱƸȣܷܷ糤Э81һ죬ʽ繫ЦʽӪϢ⼸ʱˣȻԺҲࡣ
ŮͷǣԪΰҲݸͷ
֮һϵеİţߵйȫܷܷԪЭȷе˵ṩһЩ
ϾھͼŮӣǿЩҲġҪԪԼ־ǱߵԴ
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ѡһҷ꣬ȥȴ÷ԱߵС㳡ΧһȺˣʲô鷢
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վȺϣ˴˷￴СŮʮġ꣬ѾһĹˣΪƯɰֻۣҲỨ
СŮԱߣһʮҵӣʱһʯϣɫ̫ãʱʱһˡ
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ΧȺвȴ˵
Сӣ۸˼һСʲôǮȷڵϼûд˼СոմϵͱǼˣӦû˼СŶԡ
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ǣСʲôµ˾ͰǮСҪô£Сʲô㶼ԷϰǲǮ˼㻹ֱ˵ǮҼ񵽵ģҵġ




ھŰʮһ СͲһ°
Ƭ֮Ūʼĩ
ԭСǸŮϵ⸽һҷԹ֮·ʱ򣬲֪ʲôԭСϵǮ˳2000Ǯ
СǮ֮߳æͷǡÿëëˣӵϼոյǮ
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ƽƨȺƢһЩ̲סȵ
Сȴ治ɫΪ
Ϊλ˧ȷܹƽСͲһ°ɡ¶ˣ˼ȻͰǮˡһͻأͻȻȺд



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ΧȺ֮һ㶣ôСˣ
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ôһ룬˲ȫһ˿ŭ۸˼һСﻹһˣ浱Щ˲ڣǲǣ
ɵȵǰѷŭĿ⣬˵֮ϵʱ򣬲һ㶣ĸСһģôҲ񰡡ΪɶҪС˵
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ëëˣȴ¶˷֮ɫȻǣȷǸǷһСơ
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Χ۵ȺӲôԣҲȫһǲĿôܡ
ʱ˿˵СӣҿȷǸһģôܰ˵أ
ǰСӣɲѧǡ
һЩ˷׷׳͡
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һ˵ȫɻĿ«ʲôҩ
ˣСһߣӣС˵ʲô
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СڸʲôǴʱеʡ
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ëë˴ϲԭСڰǣæֱͷ˵Զԣֵ˵˼ƽͯۡôСӣ°ɣҵʱ䡣
ȵȣôأ۲ʲôᱻϵġΧȺв˷׷˵
ǻΪСӺС˵ʲôأԭҪ˵С¡군ԭһģ˲òࡣ
ССƭ˵ῴСƭ
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ܿҲǣЩ˵۹ʵǲôܷܷ֪ϰ⣿
ܷܷһߣ˵ҵȻ֪ˡ
ԪΰϾ¶ݸ֮ɫ
ȺС
С˵ְ֣λ˵һܹûǮġŴ硣ְ֣Ҳ°ɡȻҲû취ˡ
̾Ϣһǵȷû취ˡǮòˣǻһѡ
˵ðݺݺͲ°ɡˣûлл磿
Сͷţллˡ
ΧȺҲһ̾ȻӶͬˣҲ˵ʲô
ҪΪҲȷʵûʲô취ܹСӣǮС
ǲǿӲֶΣĻÿ˵УͻĹˣû˻֡
ҪСȲһ£֮ٿɡ
С˵ģ˵һûǮȻû˻š
ôܲµУҲССŻš
ëëǿѹе˷ܣ˵Сӣ°ɣǵʲô
С۾һգ֪ǲΪոտ޹ԭԵ÷ǳˮܡ
ŤͷȻٻعͷ󻵵˵룬ǲǮҡ



ھŰʮ ̫ˣ
ëëˣСĲ²ˣ˷ܵĹһЦë˵ѽСӣǲ˼´ˡô͹ֲˣǿɾˡ
Ȼһ̾ڿҪҪСӣ֮Ӧô죿
ܷܷܿŮ򰵰Щż룬Ӧô죿ϰô֣
ΨԪһ΢΢۾˼
СŮߣ˷ߵëëˣһЦ˵λ˧ҪȻԣǰǮ
⻰һ˶һ㶣ëɻ˵ֵܣллո˵Сӽв²⡣ʲô˼֮ǰǶ˵¶ˣǲŰǮ´ˣǮȻǴߡ
ë⻰ȺеһЩ˲Ծĵ˵ͷ԰ȷûд
ܿ죬ǾͷӦԼһơ
ŲæЦôող²Ĵʲô
ëٺһЦ˵ʲôҶ˵Ǵġող²ǣ룬Ǯ˵һΣ´ˡ
ͷԭ´ˡΪ´ˣҪǮ
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Χ۵Ҳɻˣ׷׿
ҡҡͷ˵ǵëֵԴ̫⣬ȻˣһۡС²ǣǲǮԲԣ
ëһߣ˵û
ͷֵëȴ˵´ˡôⲻͱǲǮǴģôǲǾͱǱҪǮġԲԣȻˣǾùɡ
ǣȵȡëͻȻԼԴеΡ
Χ۵ҲһΣǼԺ˼⣬С²СӲǮСȴ˵С´ˡô˵Сӵ˼ӦþǣǻǮСԭˣ
Ȼˣ
ˡСӣǼȻ˵С´ˡǾ͸ϽǮ˼ҡ
Χ۵ȫӦЦСĲ²⵱
ʱǲ֪СԭҪС֮ǰˡ
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˶Ӧ˹Ψëë˻һ±ƣǰٷ֮ٵʤ㣬ô
ëķӦҪһЩæеһ£һ£ո˵ˡСʵǲ¶˵ġԶԣСӲ¶ˣǲǰ
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Χ۵û뵽ëԣһʱȫŭĿӣǾûмƤôˡ
ëëȴǲܲˣЩĿ
쵰ȥһšܷܷ߷ߵ˵
༸ŮҲΪȻ
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ԭСո²⣬Сǿ϶ǷĴ𰸣ùԹԵİǮó
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ܷܷܿҲ׹ڻȸԾͬʱ۾Сǣ֮ǰֶࡣ



ھŰʮ ԭ
Χ̾Уëëˣκһ֮ҲڷӦ˹
ֻǣǺЩ벻ףӦ޷⣬ôƫƫͳ
ѾԵ˶ķ⣬ڻùԹԵ³ȻǳĲġ
ֻǣٲҲûˣٲǮȥǾҪ𹫷ˡ
ΧЩУ˰ǮС
֮˵ĺЦĶӡ
ǱȥıӰֻоǳˬ
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ͬǳˣΪҲòǮȻİ£˻
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СҲ˵лл磬
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С֣صĵԴ˵õģ磬ҲŪˡ
ΧˣҲ׷׿佱Сﶮ£СЩߣ˶㡣
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ʱҲڲסĸ˵л׷ЦƣһȫΪֻлһ˾Ϳˡ
Ҳǫ飬һгõĻ档
Ԫΰˣ΢ЦĿǰĳипѡ
ܷܷܿŮȫ˷֮ɫû뵽һٷȻܹ˾ʵһĻ
һΧ۵˽ɢȥոտǴ۽磬ܹǰţƴϺܳʱ䡣
ԣ뿪ʱǷǳ˷ܵġ
ΧˣҲҪ뿪ˡֻǣСˮĴ۾һֱ֪Ҫˣǳ᲻á
ʱԪΰܷܷҲߵߡ
ƯÿɰСŮ׷޵Ƿǳϲ
СҲǳϲƯɰֺܶµС
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ӸͶȥһǸ˵С鷳ˣסũ壬鷳СݺݺԵĻС֪͵ַԺݺݺŰݷС硣
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һʱ֮䣬֪ӦƺǴǶΪӣƽʱҲôƺģڴƺúȻ
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ʥλɽ棬λ档
ȻñȽԶվʡǵλÿȴǸ÷ǳˡ
⻹ǳϡ
ǺЦԭģҲڽСˣͰĽз⻹ýһ塯ء
ӺЦЦ˵⡭⡭һвڡŶˣҽأŮݺ
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ĴǣũʱһʱĶ̹ƽʱĽľʥ񣬿ũׯϰ࣬ʸߡãֲңֱĽˡ
ȻڻüҸ塢ˮ塢ĴҲΪĽĶ
ʱ˵ز֮󣬿ԵũׯȥɻɰؼԣҪ˵ЩмĻȴ˵ǲ˼Ρ
Сݺǳĺ֣˵ȥ֮ҪȥʥҴ硣
ȻǷǳӭС
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һ·ϣߴߴ˵Ÿղŵ¡
ȻȻ˷ܵС



ھŰʮ Ϳսͬӵӡ
˽뵽ԷڳԷʱܷܷŮǰ
Թ֮󣬼˻صҡ
Ԫ־ǱߣһЩֹЭܷܷ˽׼
һź֮󣬱뿪ңʥȥˡ
Ԫΰ˵ЭտԷĵĻشӡ

ļʱս΢ϽصĵڶС˵ȫ˳
Ǳߵ׼Ҳеĺ˳
ϹڹӹƷۣһֱǳȡ
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ЩĴͳС˵Ȼϲ
ֻС˵Ԥʵ־С˵ʱ򣬵ȷоû΢ϿС˵㡣
ҲЩÿС˵Ҳ΢ؾͺˡ
Ҳ֪΢С˵ߣҲֻйӹһ
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ԣҲֻѣûЩС˵ߣҲܹ΢Ʒ
ЩͳС˵֮⣬С˵һЩȺ塣
粿ǣ֮ǰС˵ΪԭˡһεܽӴ֮ǱϲƷ
Ӵ֮ǼȻԣǴС˵ԡ
ȻԡݣǷڵһλġ
֮⣬ԣҲΪ˴ԡ
ֵرһǣһЩ֮ǰκС˵С˵ԣԭ£ˡһεܽӴ֮󣬾ȻҲΪ˴С˵ԡ
ԭ򣬴ǵУܹһ
кܶ˶ڵţӹĵڶС˵û˺һ֮ǰʲôС˵Ҳȴϲ˴С˵
ٺ٣Ҿǣ֮ǰǿʲôС˵һʹ˯ôҲȥ֮ǰΪ΢С˵ʲôӵģ㿪ˡһεܽӴԭΪһῴȥģȴ˭֪һ֮󣬱ͣˡ˵ֲ֣ĪΪ΢صԭ򣿡
ԣΪӦǡһεܽӴⱾ飬кܴĲһ˵Ĳϵһôþϵĸоһܵ˵Ƕоɣԡ
ӵģҲ˯ˡٺ٣
ԭС˵ͦ˼ģЩʱоȵӾ绹ÿֲôϲС˵أ֮ǰ᲻ǵȤڣᵽˡ
ͬ˲ٰǲ֪ӹһƷǲַģ
ȻǴƷӦͬһַİɣϴιӹ˵һ֮󣬷ڶƷⶼȥˣӦÿҪ˰ɡ
ڷ֮ǰӹӦûȳһԤġԤ涼ûгҹƻõȼ졣

ոյĵһϹڴС˵ۣ˻ζһεܽӴ֮⣬ǶԹӹڶƷڴ
Ҷ۵ڶƷʲôӵģ
ǲǻǹڡĹ£
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һ룬ٰŮдĿԣӦüûС
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أ֮ǰЩ֮󣬿ڿ˵ٿӹƷˣʱҲѡԵģ˵ʱ˵Ļ
ֻţӹϽڶƷԤ棬ô֪֣Ҳýǡ
˵õһ֮󷢵ڶƷⶼȥˣҲóԤ˰ɣӹү
ǵķǳ궯ͿҰҲ˿

ʥ塣
ƺܵˣĵ궯Ϳڵǰ׼΢ˡ
30ţҲӦ÷Ԥˡ
գ½ӹ΢һ΢ҺãҵĵڶС˵Ϳսͬӵӡ82ʽ΢ϽأʱӭĶ
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ڴ

ĳסС
һС˵ǣŹڹӹ´Ʒ¡
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ˡ
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ֻһΣǺԼһϰ߶
Ϊӹ΢֮ͫȻŴ󣬽š͡һոպȽûüȥˮȫ˵Ļϡ



ھŰʮ Եĺ궯
غܺڣûʱڣæҳһ޲øոʾˮ
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ȻҲ֪ȻʲôȴԽ
ˣԼոܵġšҲǲСŸոյһĻҡҡͷȻǡ͡һһȴ̲סЦ˳
Цգ﷢һӣӹѾˣȥΧ۹ӹ΢ʾһ£˼ǣҪܵšɧҲҪ˷ܣΪݻĲһ
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ҵøϽȥΧˡ


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ԣܶԶڵһʱ䣬˹ӹ΢ڴѾõĴ𰸡
𰸣һԭľͺ궯Ұֳǣһ˲øӵ궯ҰȻҲ
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ڶʱڣ޷ѹӹӰˡ
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ȻѲˣҲ˳ȻѹӹĴС˵һ̸ʣƺҲ
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СӵһӡݡҷСԵС˵֮ȫı˲ԣ
ַʽǳɹų೤ʱ䣿Ϳսͬӵӡ֣Ȼͳ΢Ѱˡֱʲôֶζÿ졣룬´οʱҲԽһ£
ҲǴ¥ϣȥֻúܲңһƬַʽʲôƷõġ
ðɣƺȷ̫ˡгɹǰȴܸƣơ

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ӹ˲ǷһԤ棬ֻһԤ棬ɶûУ鶼ûУͳĺ䶯ЧͬΪС˵ߵǣǺεȵƣ
Ƶǣ֮Իĺ䶯Ч˹ӹӰ֮⣬̶ܴ϶ΪͿսͬӵӡ
һС˵ߵȫһֲֶΣַʽǺܲҲܲм
ѡ
С˵ǻ̾һ
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һֳɹֶΣֻĲã辶ȵȡ
һС˵ǣ֮⣬ҲֻĿţӹһͰѶղܡ



ھŰʮ Ժ
ʥ塣
ɧıĵǺٺֱЦȻһΪѵֶΡ
ڲŹȥһСʱʱ䣬ҺͿսͬӵӡѾ硣
ֻǴС˵ȫ֪ˣһЩС˵ȤҲ֪ˡ
ңֳһЩССЦҪЩɧլǣȻ俴ôһ飬Ǽɻ˷ܡ
ɻǣɫʲôʱôĿŵˣ
˷ܵǣʲôԭأȻôĿŵһ𱬣ǸӦŶԡ˼ҸĿŵҲĿŵǡ
ţǶС˵ȤǶԻɫ鲻Ȥǡ
ǣ˷֮£Ҳû϶˽һ˳ܽ˸ꡣ
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в˶һ⣬õϰĻظȴǸͬ
ûûУ꣬ûҪ顣
ûûУСӿ԰ɫ飬ҲôĿŵ
ͿսͬӵӡҲ̫ļ˰ɣӹûʼأͻʵˣԺɣӦûʵġ

ܵõĴ𰸸ͬȴһ飬ǾĲһ
صУϸһ˽֪ԼһЩࡣ
ͬʱҲǸӹ߸̲ѣȡһһһľҪ

ڵǰЦһֵЦôģ͸Ƶóһ
Ȼ飬˵꣬Ѿߵԡ
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顰Сһ˵ϲս㣿
ս㶼ôƯĻôҡ
ţƵĿ
ôһϲʦôʥְҵ
㻹˵ߵ

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Сʱʱ˷ܺͼܶ˾ϣʱܹһЩ˷ܡ飬øһЩ

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ΪȽӦòԴףȽôƯŮ۹϶Ƿǳߵġڿ϶ûп½СӡôһŮ½ߣ½ȴȥŮǲ˵ûǸŮƯԣȻҪġ
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ҲһȽӦֻǶ½һøУеԴ׵ĳ̶ȡ½Сûл᣿ǾҪԺıˡٶ񾭵Ļƾûʲôϣˡ

ȥΪһʲôΪϲ£ϲȽҲϲ½ɣϲִҸ㼺ա

С˵ţҺͿսͬӵӡµݣԺվ͹ٷ΢ͬʱ繫һϢҲһЩ˵ע⡣
ңԽԽơ
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8910ԺΪһǧԩ
֮ǰԺÿƳһ¾֮ǰҲᷢƵԤ棬ֻڷ֮󣬳˶Իƫ֮⣬˵Ĺע
ȻһΣȴȫͬ
ȹעԤϢˣȻЩԻƫˡ
һݹӹԭС˵ıࡱʼһ㶣Ȼһϲ
ǲǣԺݹӹԭС˵ıġɽףӢ̨Ļ𱬣ڶȫݡ
ⲿҲˣǳƽʱϲȥֳۿһиˣΪ򲻵ƱδԸ
Ҳø翴һгɻǿֻҪкõƷ֣ͻֻ𱬵ĳ档
ЩͶԻƫˣԴ˷ܵġ
ھԺҪƳһݹӹС˵ıĻ磬ǷǳϲţǼ̡ɽףӢ̨֮󣬵ڶ䶯ȫĻ硣
ȻⲿԩС˵֮ǰƺûпⲻҪֻҪǹӹƷͿˡ
ңԤǰغģҲ㲻ֺôΪأҲ죡ǽ֣ܹܵʱıߺ;
׸һԩܷź
ǡѪɰ·ѩꡱ׮Ըʲô
ɫ꣬Ѫɰʱ̫ʲô˼
·ѩȴǺܺ⣬ѩؼµ죬ôܻѩ
ǡꡱҲ̫˰ɡ
еЩöԻƫ˷ܣǿʼϴԺԤ档
ţǼˣҲһвٵ˸Ȥ
ʵҲȷˣкܶѿˣ¶ȤɫþԺԤ棬ԽԽ㣬ٶȻԽԽ졣
ͬʱкܶ˶۷׷ס
ӹġԩûѵƷ
Ӧˣ˵Ϊ˾ԺרŴƷʺϽлıࡣ
ԺλǴֱʣӹרΪ䴴ƷȨѿ϶͡
ֱʲаԺʱ䣬ȫشܻӭǿ϶ס
㻹˵ֻҪкõƷ绹ͦÿģͿӰȫǲһĸܡҾôҶȥֳһ¡ƷƱǲŶ
ԩֺͺĽܿ϶һˡʮˡ
ⲻϻǿǹӹƷ
Ҳǣ˵һ䡮Ϊ֮󣬹ӹһֱǳԾ
û취вžôԡ
ȥ¥ϸòǹӹ˰ɣðɣˡ
ɧ꣬û࣬ҾǹӹҿĤҰɡ
УŹ֡
ǣǹӹһأĤҰɣ췢ģҵ
ӹǼ٣С棬ֻ棬

ʥ壬ҡҡͷͷ˵滰ûţĲŰ



ھŰʮ ˭
ļʱ䣬ÿŵ㣬׼ʱ¡Ϳսͬӵӡ
Ҳ׼ʱغڹӹ΢ϡ
ȻЩΪԭ򣬿϶ÿ춼ڵһʱĶ
ûйϵӹ΢ƷɾʲôʱпˣʲôС
ҲΪ½Ƚ֮䣬һ򵥶ܰĹ£ԽԽϲⱾ顣
ⱾҲԽԽȽ½ɵҲԽԽߡ
ǸѾϰˣÿ춼ܹ½Ƚ֮Ĺ¡
һӹϸˣǹƻĵƬֻĻᡣ

85һ죬ӰӰʽ繫˾Ѿɹ¡һεܽӴĵӰıȨͶͬӰһεܽӴ
Ѿڽǰ׼ʽĵʱ򣬻ڵһʱ繫
׼ڼ䣬Ҳʱ繫չ̶ȣӭʱֹע
Ϣһʱ˷ܲѣⲿƷһֱ
ڽҪĳɵӰһ˷ܵ顣
˷ܵͬʱЩǣµӰˣôһƷ
ֱӱʾԣΪӦɵӰŮûаԱѡãĳֻˣڴĿе
粻ģǸϲɫŮԶһ󣬲
Щ˵ĵǣҲûеܴϲĸƷıɵӰӾֱӰԭ˵ʼ
ˣҲӾ壬øʶʶһεܽӴⲿƷ
ϾкܶǲС˵ģܡһεܽӴܸߣ̫˲֪ⲿƷֻ˵֣ľݣͲˡ
ĳɵӰͲһˣкܶ˲С˵ӰӵӰƷȴÿ˶ῴ
ȻҪƷĺòǹؼ
ҪĺһӰ˵ӰݵĹԱݼڴ֮⣬ԱѡҲǷǳҪġ
ͨڵԱѡҪģǣԱʣԭеϣ
ڡһεܽӴⱾ飬ĵĽɫȻ
ȻƦӲ̣Ҳͬģֻ˵ҵĹҪһЩ
û취˭˼ء
ô˭һǣΪ˴Ϊע⡣
ϣҲ˭ʺϳһ£չ˷ǳҵۣۡ
ݡԽŮһǣѸߺӱΪ崿׵ʣʺ
ոӰ̳ո¶ͷǵηƷƣƯҲС
ҲŮӨնۣӨһŮȫȻʧɫֻǿϧŮƺûĵӰĴ㡣
˵絽ЩӰѧԺȥˣҲѧܷʺϵѧ
ȥú֣ҲֶֻѣǵļȲͶʹ˾ҲǾҪԱ˵˲㡣
ոճĵӰһεܽӴľ飬ȴܹܵǣɫӺ⡣
ɫûѡãǻᱻŭǣ²۵
ƱɼҲԶԶﲻԤڡ
ԣɫԱѡҲǸĺ⡣
ܵݣƣӰӰµӰݣóഺӰȻͲ󣬽31꣬ڻΧڣѾ
ݣܺͬΪӰӰµӰݣҲͬ31ꡣ
ڣλԱ顣
ܺƵǶɫӳ̶ȣƺ֮ǰԤĻҪߡ
ЦЦ˵˵Ǻ£ӣֻҪĺˣ϶Ͳõг⡣˵ܸ˾һϲء
ܺɻƵ˼ⲿӰгȹ˾ԤҪߣ
ƵͷǻҪߣǻҪߵöࡣȻڻ֤ǿҵԤСԣҲŻἫȡҪⲿӰ
ܺһݣȫΧڣĵݣΪʲôἫҪⲿӰˡ
ӰӰӶĹ棬ԵöԵӰһεܽӴǳӡʵ˾ⲿӰ̫ӣƱҲû̫ߡ
Ϊ˾ΪܡһεܽӴԭС˵ϵܸߣⲿƷݺںʵḻ޷Ǿһ£˸ж
ıɵӰĻӦò̫г
ȻⲢ˵˾Ͳг
ԭС˵Ȼܹϣӵôߵǿ϶ԭģг϶Ҳֻû̫߶ѡ
ҲȥӰıȨǡ



ھŰʮ 
ܺ󲢲ƵжϣֻƵĸо
ֲͬ꣬ȴöࡣԭֻΪԷãڿƺֻ⡣
ܺ̾һ֮ʵܵһǣʲô
ܺϽҪĽɫֻҪɫݺˣⲿӰͳɹ˴롣һΣҪѡһλܹþڶ
Ƶͷȷôܵ˭ʣûϿɵѡ
ܺһֱ˼ڱȽϻԾŮԱԼǺߵļλŮԱȫϸһ飬˼ΪһԵˡ
𣬱еѡ߸ơ
ͷǺЦܵ۹࣬ҲȽϿǼˡǼ̾͸ǷȥԾ룬˭ʺϻԾ֮ȷΪǼδؾʺϡǻųϢûյԾԱҲǰԾκ˶ԡֱҵΪֹ
ܺ΢΢һ㶣ֵܿͷûһ⡣
Ҫ֪ЩԱʺһǣԾ֮пһǷǳϡ
ֻǣĻ׼ʱᳬԤڡ
ԤڵʱԸǵܹһЩ
գܺЦһ⣬һΧʹˡԸܾҵе
ԣͬЦҪ̫ʱ䣬ԤС
ܺǹһЦ˵ƵԤС

ʥ塣
˭ȽϺʣҲڿ⣬ĽɫԱҲܹע
Ȼֻǹעѣһ֡һεܽӴ¡
͵ľ棬ǷǳģҪġ
ֻǵĹע˭һǣ
кܶƼӱҡҡͷӱȻ崿Ưϸоﲢ
ηƷƣͬҡҡͷƯ崿㡣
ӨѾͷûĵӰĴ㡣
ǺߵļλԱһ飬ֲû˭رʡ
ȻһԱʲʺһɫǲ׼ȷģҪȵԾ֪
ԣšһεܽӴ飬ҵôҶġ

ĳסС
һʮһ꣬úƯӣǾȵĿһñҪƯ˵ǰɣҪȥԾ
ӽ̷ƣǸñҪƯӣءԼ۾ȵı飬ЦЦ˵ôյϢ˵һεܽӴľ飬κǰȥԾҾħܷ㡣
̷ƵȻǲԣؼ㲻ǲϲϷħӰѧԺҵ֮һϷûݹ
̷ƶʵЩΪħӰѧԺĸ߲ϷǳȤأȴڱҵ֮ͻȻöϷȤ
ҵѾˣһϷûݹ
ַ֪ʲô񾭣ͻȻȥԾ
صΪûݵĽɫһǣҾͺݡΨһݵĽɫôҲУǲƯݼУ
̷εֲǲ֪жƯϱƯŮˣҹҲǸϽ㣬˭ˡݼħӰѧԺĸ߲Բض˵
صǲˣ
̷ƵҪȥ
صȻġ
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ƲҲŲҪأҪԼʵȥȡ˼ᵽȤ
̷ʼðҵĴС㣬˵Ҳеףһ졣
εҲ棬ɫҪݵãôͲأ
̷Ƶðɣġô׼ʲôʱȥԾ
صɣ粻˳
̷ƵðɣףɹɫһֻĿɫ
ĵͷ˵⻹ࡣ

86磬һεܽӴԱԾֳ
˷ܵĹЦãð̫ˣеĻҪáˣбʺϵˡӭ롶һεܽӴ飬С㡣
ԱߵĸܺҲľϲͲ˼飬һԷ̫ƯǾȻܹô죬ҵ
ţԻãĹڸе⡣
΢΢һЦ˵ллƵܵһŬġ



ھŰʮ ⲿӰҪ
ʥ塣
ڵǰšһεܽӴٷһŶױգŨŨľ֮ɫ
ƬеŮĸɫë£ɫСȿ㣬ɫӣһ˫ɫЬϱŸɫı
ŮǳЦȻ·綼Цڻ
ȥֽܣǿһεܽӴԭС˵ˣһ۾ͿϳŮ˭
Ҫʱȥ˼ǼһԼǳϤһ
Ȼ
൱ľޣһŮ϶ȾȻ֮ߣͷ·֣ͽһ㡣
Ůʵ̫Ưˣϲ飬Ҳֻѷޱڲ֮䡣
ңоŮ飬ԼԼ֮䣬ƺһơ
Ȼԣȷʵĸо˹ˡ
ŶǿһĹâŮˣƲ˵
ٺһЦ˵ǿŮˣŮŶ
һʲôӵŮһߵĻϿȥ
һ϶ʱ¶֮ɫɵأҪ
ţֵˣʵʶ
۵ãҵȻʶˡֻǣѾͷ˵ϷѾȤôͻȻȥˣ
ãиһֻܿȻ򣬹ֲоŮԼ֮Щء
ԭãͲˡӦĳ˾˵Ů
뵽ĳ˾˵Ůȥүٳ죬Ǹ۵СѾͷȻֻʮ꣬ѾһԵˡ
ȳ֮ҲͬһɫŮ
һӶǾɫŮɷˡ
գʵĸ˾˵Ůϴôûп
˵ŮС죬ϴµûлȥ
ͷ˵ŮӦþѾͷ׽ˣӦǽء
ױԱߵֿȥȻء
û뵽ؾȻƯ̲סٴпһ¡
п֮ЩɻʵҺ˵˵ħӰѧԺҵǱҵ֮ͻȻֶϷȤһɫûݹǣ
Ҳɻ֮ǰû˵ҪȥﰡҴ绰
ͷ¶벻
һ֮˵绰Щε˵Ѿͷ˵ڶϷȻûʲôȤɫˣɡͨʵѡϵģݼӦûʲô⡣ˣڻ֪ӹݣҪҪ
룬˵ʱãӦǺϲɫ̬ȥݰɡ

鿴صĶױգϣʱ̹עšһεܽӴ鶯̬ǣȻҲˡ
ǵһۿʱеľ֮ɫҪŨҵĶࡣ
ĸоƯƯҲҲݴݣǷǳǳǳƯͶˡ
󣬵ûڿ
ﻹˡ
ҵĸ찡Ҳ̫Ư˰ɣƯϢ
أ֮ǰû˵ѵˣʲôʱôƯˣ֮ӨŮƺҲѷɫ
ôƯǱƦӲСˡҵǣǲûʲôʵԵĽӴӷҾͷˡ
ܵݺưɣƵɵƯΪңŹȥʱ䡣
ƬϿȷǷǳǲ֪ݼô
ž۹⣬صŮݼ϶˵϶ݼ΢һЩҲûϵ
֮ǰһȷǳģɫԱûѡãӶеڣֻ˵ĿҪ
ٺ٣֮ǰǷǳԣһεܽӴĳɵӰġȻڣ˵ǣܲһӳʵǵȲˡ
Һ¥ϵһɷԵڵȲ

ĶױһЩǡԵȫʧȡ֮ȫȲ
ڽֻһƬƯҪǿеӰָһ
ȫǳڴ

һεܽӴ顣
ܺЦƵȻһصĶױһЩǡԵȫˡ
ͬЦȻͷģӰûˡ
ܺ˷ܵƵҸоⲿӰҪ𡣡
ŶƺǺЦܵˡ
ܺ΢ЩεЦЦڲġ
ƣжվǲ˲١



ھŰʮ ԩ
ʱڹÿŵ㣬ͿսͬӵӡȻأҲԽԽ
һת89һ죬һԺܶ˵ûʲôر𣬵Щ˵һڴѾá
ΪԺݹӹԭС˵ԩıͬ硶ԩڽ10㣬ھԺմʽݡ
һݵƱһǧţ۵ĵ㱻һա
⻹ΪϵƱֳ۳ԭȫۣò˼Ӿͻ
ƱھԺѾܶ궼ûгֹˡþԺ˷ּСɣʢһִٳɵġ
ȻݻδʽʼѾ¶ˣСɼν˼Сɵ飬ȵ죬Ҳˬ
ͬʱҲλصĹӹм
ϣ⼸ڡԩ飬ҲһֱûжϹ
ҪΪ䡰ҲҲ̫СѪɰ·ѩꡱ׮Ըͬ춯ء
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ֻǿϧǻ粢ǵӰˣڶʱڿ
ΨھǣƱˣڵһʱ俴Ĺ¡
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ֵֻۣɪأҪ˽⡶ԩľ飬ֻпЩֳ˻ǽ⡣
ˣǲòЩԸ˵һЩάĻʲôȫˡǵŶ֮ġ
ЩƱ˸ǵɪкԽиǿҡ
ʱŵ㣬ЩкԽбˣ½߽Ժմ
ŵʱ򣬼еĹڶˣ𱬳̶ȣ֮ԺɽףӢ̨֮ʱǲضá
ϷΪʽʼֳĹȴѾ״̬໥֮ݣȫ롶ԩйء
˵𵽵ԩ
֪ܿǾͿ֪ˡ
ԤǶ֪һ׵׵ı磬ʵ˵Ҳϲ硣Һ֪Ĺ£Ҫ֪ԩ
˭ϲأ粻ʵ̫࣬ڹʱ򣬱ʱݡ
ҲǸļǵĹ¡
ҶעˣҪʼˡ

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ȫһ̨Ͽȥ
Ļ̨ϵĸֳѾɣһʹԼʮңװװŮˣ̨
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տʼһʫһһȥܲʫʵֳĹǾһѡ
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ԭл¿һЩǮƣ¿ȴҪǮƣ¿òż޸ϵԼȢŵĶϱΪޡ
ԭǲϣ¿ӵв£ǿӦҰ¿Ӵ˼ҡ
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ȻȴȻأԺԩ
軼״ȥţ˵ҪһֱΪֹ
ܿ࣬ﻭѺоն̡



ھŰʮ ׮Ը
ն̣ȫìܳͻѾԽԽԣֳһּѹֵա
֮̿£ȴȻףֻоַŭ
̫аЦвѪյˣֻ̨ȥ軱һ٣ˮ֮С
ڼȵķŭ֮࣬һ˿ǣ̨֪ϵǸȻɶ񣬵ֻһԱ
Ӧ÷ŭģЩ̰
ңֳĹԽҪṷ٣˵ݹٵԱıԽǳɹ
˵Ӧøġ
ֻǣڹǵֻбߣﻹʲô
⻹֮ǰ֪˽ľһ磬Ҳ֪ᱻն̣һ׼
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ն̺󣬱ٱ³ȥֳĹǣв˶صȻǿѹԼķŭͣĸԼֻһϷǶֻԱ
ô͸ն𣿡΢侲һЩĹڣ
Ȼһ뵽ǿ𼴽նֻоԼеŭ֡䡱ֱϴܡ
һ𼴽Ѻ̳ȫìΪͻĵطҲȫ߳
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ȻȵӰף˷ֲϷϷ⡣Ҳǻһơ
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Աڵ飬νϲǡ
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ǱԩĻͷ֮ʱѪҺ䵽ϣǻϷǹ֮ϵİ
նһǳѪҺȥзеĵ㣬ҿ㻹кλ˵
ȡ֣ҵԩίʵǳҪЩ֪ҲҪѪ쳾ֻڰ˳ǹ
նԲһɺԣɻʲôԣ
ֵˣίʵԩ֮콵ѩʬס
նٺǳ죬гԹҲٲһƬѩú˵
ȴһǻԹ𣬶ҪеƽˣίʵԩӽԺݿꡣ
նٴŭ죡ֱǺ˵˵ն
ѪҺϣеİ
£ȴҪ콵ѩʬס
ίʵԩݽꡣ
µ׮Ը׮Ըÿһ׮Ƿ˼Υ
ֳĹǣΪµ׮Ըļ¡
նٿеġն֣ȴǵģȫ͵һ



ھŰʮ ԼƱȥŰ
һնֳеĹڣȫһ
˶֪ϷǼٵģ𲢲ıնס
ţȷе˵ӦǰԱᱻնסееҪնˡ
еڱ֮࣬ǳĲģһЩŮѾͷȥȥնĻ档
ȻʱȫΪĶǵĻ档
ֻ䣬Ϊ˵ԩꡣ
˼һĻĻʹ˷
ѪȻûŵȥȫǹϵİ籣һѩ׵İ籣ȾѪ졣
ǰµĵһԸȻӦˡѪȻûһڵϣȫɵǹϵİ֮ϡ
ڹΪѪɰ籡Ļ棬еĶǵʱ򣬴ȵ֮УȻƮ˶ëĴѩ
ûö೤ʱ䣬Ѿʬ
ǰµĵڶ׮ԸҲӦ顣
̨ϣն١֡ٲ˴ʧɫּķЩ֪룬ֻˣΪԩ
ǣ̧ʬæ³
ֳѩĻ棬Ȼͨ߿ƼʵֵļѩҲ㹻𺳡
Ϊȵİ죬Ҳо˿˿⡣
̨ѾûԱеֻʱţʹ֮µĳݱ
һͺꡣ
ˣǰµ׮ԸȫӦ顣
ԩһ磬ҲȫĻ¡
翴ˣֳĹǣȴûдӾ߳
Ƕ룬׮ԸˣܵĪԩ
ȻôأվˡЩˣɻң
Ӧһ䣬ΪƵƶ̣ӡ
ĵȷȷһ׵׵ı磬Ҳһ˿һİο
ʵǰԩԭУǶٻҵһЩο
Ϊԭлһξ飬Ǳն֮ĸȻ˸߹١
ص֪ԼŮԩնһ£һΪŮϴˢԩ
գ¿٣¬ҽ̫軱ְ죬á
ĽֶܹһЩοѺһξˡ
ҪǾͳ׵׵ı
գҪɢ̾ϢһĲϲ硣
ǲͣĸԼһжǼٵģһϷѣûҪ̫ڱˡ
Ȼȴʼ޷
߰ɣѾɢˡֳӦԼͬ飬ˡ
߳մ̫ܴҲȣӦе
죬ôܹƮѩأһԩ
ôʵԩƮѩ
߳մˣðЩĪͷʶ̧ͷ˿죬ҡҡͷȥԶˡ

ԩݽˣһ㻹еڶݳһҪĳмƱˣԵֳȥܣּȱѹֵա
ȴûа취ȥֳֻϵЩֳˣǹڡԩϸ顣
ǣûеȴ̫á
֮ǰЩˣԽкеˣûϻܶˣڵǷ顣
ʵ˵ǲ̫Ը飬ΪζţҪְѾһ飬ǲԸ顣
ǲԸԼϣֱնһ飬ʵ̫ˡ
գǻϣѡԩľϸһ顣
ø֪£֪ԩϣ¡
Ȼǿľ飬ܵıߣֱֳͬն
ֻ飬ҿ̫ܲǿĸдֳ̨ϸʵݣ˺ѷεźԼѪɰ籡콵ѩꡱĻ档ĸдֱġ
еľˡҽлһҪȥֳһֳĸܣֻ֣ҪǿǧٱȻ㺦Լ̫ģǾͲҪȥֳˡ
λЩˣ˵һλ
˵꣬ǾˡЩȴǣ֣ͨѾܵһѹֵա
һŮӣʵ̫ˡ
һ׵׵ı磬ǿֻоûһ˿ϣ־Ѿˣʵ벻Щֳˣһ飿
ҾˣҪȥֳһҺܲϲѹֵաԩӦҲȫѲݰɣȵڵĳУһҪȥ
ҲҪȥֳһҲ֮һڣȥһӺڡ
ɲǴ뿴ȥģһݳôǧƱҲšȥģɵƱ׼
ȷƱ϶ֻˡƱԼȥŰҲû˭ˣοధգ




ھŰʮ Ϊβҹӹæ
һԩڽ֮󣬱˼ĳɹ
ȫصѣ˽ˡԩϸ飬ԼֳݳһЩϸ֮󣬶ǳϣܹȥֳһ
Ƕ֪ԼԼܣȴȻƲסҪȥֳһ뷨
ԩ飬϶ҪȥȫѲݵġȫѲݵġɽףӢ̨һԾͬʱȫѲݣƱһƱĻ棬Ѿü궼ûгֹˡ
ЩԻжӵ˷ܲѣгƺֻˡ
Ժ;Ժڳ˷ͷ糱ͬΪԺ֮һϷԺסˡ
ڶԺġɽףӢ̨֮ϷԺ߲Ҳڵһʱ䣬´ҪóһڡɽףӢ̨֮µƷ
Ǻ;Ժ߲ͬʱ´
ȻڣԺġԩѾɹϷԺƷȴʼղ⡣
ϷԺ߲Ҳ֪ҪڡɽףӢ̨֮µƷǼѵġ
ԣҲûδߴ档
ۿžԺϾҪ붫ԺһЯȫѲˣΨȱϷԺϷԺĸ߲ﻹס
ԣϷԺ߲ѾҪһڵʱ֮ڣóһڡɽףӢֻ̨ߡԩƷ
ѹ
˵İ칫ҡ
Ԭ鿴˲̫ÿɫԥãС˵ΣҪҲȥҹӹԣ
ȴüͷһ壬˵ѵҹӹ֮⣬Ǿûİ취óڡɽףӢ̨͡ԩ֮µƷ𣿡
Ԭһ̾룺ѵκ͹ӹ֮ǰʲôìܣΪξǲԸȥҹӹæأ
Ԭ֮ǰѾȥҹӹæ
ԺȥҹӹæϷԺΪʲôͲȥ
ңȻӹûоܾԺҲӦòܾϷԺǡ
ֻȴƺûҹӹæĴ㡣
ԬЩɻͬʱҲҶʣϾֻһ
ңżǲҹӹæӦҲܹó֮µƷֻʱҪ΢ľһЩˡ
Ȼ죬ͻȻʱһڣԬԵĸо˵ѹ
Ӧòܾҹӹæ˰ɣ
Сһ£ȴ˭֪ƺǲҹӹæ
ʻԬΣǼǲҹӹæҲܹ֮µƷֻʱˡҹӹæĻֻҪܾʱӦþѾ㹻ңӹûоܾԺӦҲܾǲǡ
ȴû˵ǽüͷ˼ʲô
ʵҲ֪Ԭ˵ȷģȥҹӹæȷĿǰõİ취
ֻǡ
һ̾üͷ塣
Ԭ۲ɫãҧҧ˵ΣҶһ£͹ӹ֮䣬ǲʲô
Ȼ˼˵Һ͹ӹ֮䲢ûκεĶԹ෴һʮ͹ӹƷ֮ǰƷǣڵƷҲǡ
Ԭһˣ˵ΪΡ
̾һ˵СԬȳȥɣٺúõһ롣
βԸ˵ԬҲʣæ˵õΣҾȳȥˡȥͱ༭Ǻúһ£ûʲô취
˵ͷԬΰ칫ҡ
칫ҺԬ龶ֱ˱༭ҡ
ճڱ༭ſڣһλ༭ȲʵСԬôδӦȥҹӹæ𣿡
ⲻֱ༭ļҪʱ䣬ȫԺȫεѹѹЩ
ȻԼǴ籾ı༭ȴֻñ˰æһûӵ顣
ԷǹӹǾνˡֻǣԺ;Ժı༭ǣҲǿŹӹæܸıôĻƷ
ŹӹæҲǺ
ֻԬҡͷǺһʧ
һ༭˵βԸҹӹæǲ˼ڣֻʲôԭҪԼȥӹæͲΪˡ
һԴı༭ҡͷףȣǲ֪βҹӹæԭֱȥҹӹæĻпвϲԺӿɾѹˡ
˼ҾԺСɣȥӹæֱȥҹӹݵλԲԣ˵ùӹΪϷԺļӰڵ̫ߣȻֻһ༭ȥ˵ײס
Ԭڱ༭һȻˣֻȥҹӹС
ֻǣεΪɶȥҹӹæ
Ԭһڱ༭벻𰸡



ھŰʮ ڻ
ϷԺΰ칫ҡ
ѵֻȥҹӹæ𣿡˵
аó֮µƷģֻʱ䣬涨һ֮ڣѰˡ
ǲԸȥҹӹæģȥҹӹæһ֮ڣòƷελãǶЩ᧿Σ
˵ǳìܡ
ʱ绰ùһԼӴġ
֮ͨ󣬵绰ӵϰ֣·Ʒô
¶һ˿ɬЦ˵СʣƷǺܺõģֻǸıɻĻвСĲࡣȻⲻ˵ƷԭС˵жĲࡣԭС˵ǳʺϸıɻ磬ƺרΪһ㡣
绰ͷĬƬ̣Ȼ˵ϰ֣֪ˣооһᴴõĻƷ
ԥƬ̣˵СʰʵûҪҪڻӮϾⲻóóС˵ѾӮϳС˵Ѿǳ˲ˡҪ֪һˡ
绰ͷһûгĬ˵ϰ֡ʲôôڣȻᡣ⻰ǳ⣬ϷԺΣǡǡΪԺ;ԺƷγ˾ϵһҪһõƷϷԺӮҾԺϰ֣ҪңҶӮ˵ˣⴴɱ򵥶ˡ
üͷһ壬˵СʣбҪһ£ǧҪС紴Ȼһ˵ȷƷ״߶Խдżܵ͡ΪżͣҪĻƷȴƷѡ
ҪɽףӢ̨ԩƾĻƷϼѡҲΪʲôʱ䣬㻰ֵԭСʣҪʶһ㣬ʶһ㣬ԶҲõĻƷ
һΣ绰ͷֳĬƬ֮󣬲˵ǣϰ֣֪ˡһҪõĻƷ
һ̾˵Сʣϰ飬ҲʵֻҪһĻƷҪкͶģǼġԣ㲻ǿԼһҪڶʱ֮ڴ
绰ͷֵϰ֣Ǳ߲Ǻܼ𣿶ңҲ뾡Ӯ
˵СʣϰпǣоŻ˵ģ֪֪ˣܰսϰʵᴴõĻƷġ
һΣ绰ͷĬ˺ܾãҲû˵ԼĶܹףոջﰵʾ˼
֪֪ˣܰսҪ˼˭ܹףһ仰ʾԼĶӣ׼ȥҹӹһƷԸ˽Էʵ֪֪ˡ
仰˵׼ȥҹӹæˡ
֮ǰ֮ԲȥҹӹæΪӵԭ
ӽһʣһһ
ԴӶԺġɽףӢ̨֮һʱһҪȡɽףӢ̨õĻƷľ
һΪС˵֮⣬͹ӹ֮䲻κεĽ
ӹôڣһҲᣬͱӹС˵С˵÷ˮһҲ⡣
ȴ˭֪ӹƫƫܵϹڡ
Ϊ丸׵ĹϵһȻֶ˹ӹ
֪ϷԺĸ߲㣬Ѿ´óһڡɽףӢ̨֮µƷ񣬱˻ᣬһȡɽףӢ̨õĻƷ
һ԰ףٴӮӹõ顣
СͶԻĿȾΪһȡɽףӢ̨õĻƷһôѵ顣
ֻеô򵥡
һ磬һ˵ȷǳף˵̫š
ֻǣҪĻƷƺеҪࡣ
һҪûƷٴӮӹȻ׶ӵ˼ҲȻҪĻᡣ
ԣ֮ǰһֱûȥҹӹæĴ㡣
ǽͻȻʱ䣬һ֮ڣҲǳԥҪҪȥҹӹæ
ȻڸոһͨĹУͻȻҪȥҹӹæˡ
Ϊһʵ̬Щԣ̫ڼ̫꣬ûƷӮӹˡ
̬ôܴõƷ
ԣȥҹӹæˣһԽĿǰһ侲侲ʶ㻰Ѷȡ
ֻпڻӮӹ
绰ͷһʳĬ˺þ֮˵ϰ֣Ҷ˼ҽһӮġ
˵ֻҪ̬ܰһжпܵġ
˵绰֮˰Ԭн칫ң˵СԬԤȥʡĻƱ
Ԭһ㶣žһϲæ˵õΣȥ졣



ھŰʮһ ũׯڶڹ̿
ħ־磬һרôҡ
һҶϵ绰󣬺ǲʵʹ˴棬һվûӮӹ
Ϊ˴ܹӹƷѾ˼ĴƷȴϰַˡ
ڹӹ֪Ҳ֪ڴƷҪܹӹĻƷ
һμûӮӹҲˡ
֪ϰֵĻǶԵģ֮ǰȷСˣΪƾԼСԻĶĿȾҪȹӹõƷʲô¡
ȻϰһΣڻǾȥҹӹæܲģҲЩˬܹϰ֡
ҪҲֻܹԼûд㹻õƷ
һȻûӮӹܹȹӹĻƷõƷ
ȻС˵ܹսʤӹûڻӮˡ

һԩھԺմݹĳ֮˽ȫݳ
ĳݳڳһھԺ˵ֵüһ졣
Ժ߲ҲԽݳ˸߶ȵıͿ϶һµĽ𣬹ٲˡ
ϾҪͬʱںܶԱ˵Ľ

810š
Ժġԩڽݳ˵ҲһǳҪӡ
ũׯĵڶڹ̽裬ӽ쿪ʼ
10㣬ǫĹ̶ӳ˴ڡ
װŸֽ豸Ĵ󿨳ųһǳ׳ۡ
ǫ͹̶ӵĹʦǣվڴڣΧһУипǧ
һʱ䣬ӾѾ˷츲صı仯
ǻǵȥһڹ̿ʱʫ续ķ羰֮⣬ũȣûʲôر֮
ɽ絽ڵһع·ǹ̿ʼǰŸոռӹ̼ӿ·޵ġ
һ֮ػѾΪʤأԵũׯȫѾʼ硣
Щٵο͵Ӱϣܹһ
ңҲҪʼڶڹ̵Ľˡ
ǫ͹ʦǣЦϸ磬иλʦǣӭӭ
ǫͬһЦ˵ϵܣũׯķչٶȣǱĻ졣Ĵ죬Ҳôοǰ
ֵΪȣҲŻǰ˭۵Ĵˬء
ǫ͵ɪɣǸоҪطˬһЩ
ٺٵȻﻹǴڣоԣֻҪֱ̫ɹĵ׶ĵģȫˬ
ţ⻰šǫǺЦǲĻ
ʱһڹʦҲ׷Цźк֮дˣμȥһڵĹ̽裬ѾǳϤˡ
ϰ壬ǼΪˬϰ壬Ҳûмӵϰ塣
ȥ뿪ʱ򣬾ڶڹ̵ʱܹٻ﹤
죬ǻˡ
кһ֮󣬹ʦǿʼæˣȵðصĽ豸ӿжҵطװãôʱݵȵȣЩһСĹ̡
һΣһƸ300СһȫѾˡ
300СһǸӵĴһԽԶĴӣڸء
һ˵ʥҪһС㼱ĸϵʥ屨
ͬǴ򹤣ȻԸ⵽ʥ򹤣һãҽ
̶ӵĹǼСͬʱæµټػȹ̳ת濴ȥΪ׳ۡ
׷׵οǿһĻĻ϶פһ໥Сۼ䡣
ȻóũׯҪʼµĹ̽ˡ
ԴˣοǵҲΪڴ
ǫվڴڣһ߿Ź̶æµһ졣
Ϥο;ܻЦǺǵ˵ׯϲϲũׯĹģԽԽˡ
ҲЦǺǵĻӦллллÿġ
ǫЩĽĿ˵ϵĽĵطһׯ
ϸĽҲԵҲǮˣҪȥǮˡ
ȥȥʲôҲǮˣҿɲϰ塣ǫֵ
˵Ц䣬ʱ磬̶ҲĹ
ʱʮ˵ĳʦŶӣҲѾΪ̶׼緹
Ҫ׼İ˵ķˣҲͬһСḶ́ʦŶæһ硣
˺ܷḻζҲǲлػûоơ
̶ӵĹǣķ˿ĽȻͬǴˣζȴǼá
粢ûлؼҳԷڹ̶ӺʹһԷ
˵Цշǳãϲա



ھŰʮ ¼¼
Թ緹֮һϢʱ䡣
㣬̶Ӽ׼꣬ܹʽˡ
ڶڵҪǣ޽һԵ¥صλڴڶ棬ڵⶰԵ¥ңңԡ
⻹Ҫ޽20ԵСҪֲҸ塢塢ˮ֮С
⻹һЩ̣·潨衢ͤȵȡ
̶һƬæµȻȣɻ࣬ҵȴǲҲиɾ
ȵɫ̶°ʱ̵׼ѾȫɣЧ൱ߵġ
ʦԼ´ʱݣСȫؼȥס
ýȻֱ߻ؼң΢ԶһЩģһɫĦг
ϰĦгһӴڳȥҲΪ׳ۡ
·ؼҵĹˣĦгؼҵĹˣҶһߣһ໥俪ЦʱʱˬʵЦ
һ죬ʵѾˣȴǷǳˣȻҲͲжˡ
򹤣νǴУΪ泩ĵط
ֻĹڣܹӳһЩ
̶°ϢˣȻҲ˼ҡ
ԹһţԺĻ硶ԩȻȵ֮һ
ټ֮ǰĻ硶ɽףӢ̨ҲȻҽֵ
г·ѾƷˡ
˲òпֻҪǾƷֻһ磬ҲȻЩǷǶ֮͡
ֻ΢һЩֵǣڶԺ;ԺͷͬΪԺ֮һϷԺΪô
ѵǿ϶ֳͷԼȴ޶ԣ
˵ǲӦõġ
ֻʵҲ׼һƷֻʱûݣ
ţ⵹пܡ
ʲôûйϵֻǵЩ棬ϷԺΪλôˡ
һ֮˵ԣֵһ֮󣬱˯ȥ
һҹ޻ڶ˵㣬̶Ӽ
ڹתһǫԼһ죬֮뿪˹ء
׼֣ȥεһȦߵ·绰ˣܷܷġ
ܷܷͨ绰˵
ϰ壬ġϷԺΣΡ
ܷܷѻ˵꣬Щ档
Լϻ֣ϷԺΪʲôûзӦȴѾˡ
ϷԺӦû׼ƷҲǿŶԺ;Ժͷ޶ԡ
ֻǣΪλʱԼһĥܿͲµһš
Ϊ֮ǰϷԺԼ
ԭӦҪԼ취óһ㹻Ʒ
ֻлʲôԭ
Ȼû⣬ţԺֻҪģһܹó㹻Ʒġ
ֻǿҪһʱ䡣
⣬ǡǡϷԺʱԼԭ
֮ǰֻжԺһҳͷϷԺ̫ż׼Ʒ
ǰ쾩ԺƳԩ֮ϷԺסˣڶʱڣƳһԿ⡶ɽףӢ̨͡ԩ¾硣
ʱڣϷԺӦúóԿƷ¾磬żҴҵԼæ
գ˵ͷӦúĲࡣ
ԷȲѵ²ԼҲʲô⣬ҲﲻǺ
ȻϷԺҵԼҳ㹻Ҳܾ
ʵϣҲǰľƷҲ͸ûɾܾˡ
˵ֿһʰȨѲǡ
ֻǣӦøϷԺһƷúúõѡһ¡
Ҷϵ绰֣ԵӶȥ
ڴӦϷԺƷȥŪҲ٣Ҳò˶ʱ䡣
֮ǰ֣绰˵һʮصĴ㣬൱ĵ⡣
Ϊˡϡһ֣ĵ⣬ǰԵһ̽
δԵӣԶԶľͿ֣ࡢϼؼˣΧС԰棬ŵϵһӿ
ӦþʮصĴ˰ɡ
֣ŤͷԶԶľʹ˵СˣϽģ㣬ж󣡡
߽Ʋʮ
˵۾ȴһһﻹͦģβͺͱɺɫȥǳƯ
֣ǺЦСĽȴϡ㣬㱻ʱȫ䶯޲㼴ƯԸһǮ㣬ҲԸּӵǮһǲ
ҲЦʮˢԭŽļ¼ԶƯʱܶ˷׷׺Ӱء
ͷڡ¼һ£Ȼ֪
ﱻĸ㣬һ¼
ÿһμ¼ƣֳһƬ
Ƽ¼ҲΪˣÿһλ׷Ŀꡣ
֮ǰļ¼ǾŽһֺεο͵ġ
ڵļ¼ˣ֣ʮ㡣
Ҳѹ֣˵⣬ԭ˼¼ˡ
ٺһЦ˵ô˵֣ϣôԣôǴ㣬ƺ
֣һۣ˵˭˵Ҫˣҵúúõ



ھŰʮ ĵͤ
Ц¥¡
ϷԺ˺Ԭ飬ոմЦҳ
Ԭ˷ܵ˵ΣӹȻûоܾǣǲ֪ӹΪǴһʲôĹ£ڴ
˵Ҳ˵ֻǿϧԵӹԸлһονǰһæᴴһʲôĹ£˵ǰһκпҲһ硣
ӹûоܾ˳һԹӹ˸м
ʱҲЦݣֻЦ֮Уһ˿ɬ
Ԭ鲢ûзЦеĿɬ˵ҲãЩʱ򻹸׳Ϊ䡣Ȼϲ磬ǻ̲סȥ
˵ˣѾ磬ǵľܹϲβĻЧܻáȻֻϣȻǱ֣ҲûʲôֻҪǹӹƷС
Ԭͷ˵ǣ⣬ӹ˵Ʒǣ᲻ִ̫ˣ
ҡͷᣬһƷòãܼ򵥵ôʱȥЩڼ̵ʱڣͿԴƷЩ˻Ѵʱ䣬ƷҲǲ⡣ӹǰߡ
Ԭͷֵһڴ
ЦЦ˵Ҳڴ

֣Ե뿪ûĵ飬ֱӻ˼ҡ
˼¼Ĵ㣬֣СԱߵһСˮ׼Ϥϣܹܲ
ǿ϶ģֻܹȴǲö֪
ҲЩ棬ܹ
صʼĥӦϷԺƷӦѡһ
ȱҪǾƷСŻ塣
ңܱȡɽףӢ̨͡ԩȻɾԼˡ
⣬ǰƷԱβȻףɽףӢ̨˫˫ࡣ
ɽףӢ̨վˣǵİǰҲû޳ǵĽҲӦǱ硣
ƷǱ֣ĥһΣӦһϲˡ
ֹȻ׳Ϊ䣬Ҳ粻ǡ
ԡιڣҲӦùǻϲһˡ
ϲ֣ҲһԳΪ䡣
ôһƷأ
뵽ˡǡǰԪϷʵƷ
þУ֮׷ɵ˼롣
ʻʫ⾳ǰŵϷʵԺ԰ΪĵС˵Ϸ紴Ӱܴ
һ䡰ԸճɾǳΪˣŮڰԸӰ켫Զ
Ȼ뵽ˡĵͤǰĴٴΡеĵһΣҲӰ󣬳ɾߵһΡ
ͬʱҲԼΪһƷԣһΣ⴦Ψڡĵ
ĵͤһɫʵĽԺӰܴ
Ҫ˵ǣһƶ÷μһ԰÷£һλˣ˵ͬԵ֣֮Ӵ˾˼
ϰ̫ضű֮Ůò
һ죬ӻ԰ڻ˯Уһְ֦ǰ󰮣ĵͤĻᡣ
˼еӴ˳ݣһֱȥ
֮ʣҪĸװڻ԰÷£Ѿߴ㣬Ի̫ʯ¡
丸űŶĵط޽һ÷ֹۡ
÷Ӧԣ÷ֹУ̫ʯʰöﻭ񣬷ֶмļˡ
κ԰÷Լеλϲ֮࣬÷ٶĻᡣ
ڶ죬÷ĹףﾹȻ˽Ϊޣһͬǰٰ
ʦķĹ򣬱淢÷Ĺ֮
÷ٰӦԺ󣬱ĸ׶ű
÷ӦԶΪ״Ԫ
űò÷ȻŮĻ£ǿ졣
ֵʵǰʵ۸п˵ĿԵǣ÷ճɾ
ɫʣϷƷ绹֡
˼һˣĵͤ
ʵġǡһξѡġĵͤ
ţһϷ磬Իܻӭ
ֻǡĵͤܳһ磬һθϷԺƷ˹
ѡȡеһΣĹȹһ񫡣
ԺлĻƳȫ粻١
˾áĵͤҲԥ׼Ƚѡȡһδ
ĵͤԭϷƷͬıΪС˵ƷȻϷԺԼȥıɻ硣
ԭΪοıС˵һ׵顣
Ȼһıǽȡġĵͤ



ھŰʮ ̻˻г
ûö೤ʱ䣬һȡ汾ġĵͤˡ
һ飬ĵ˵ͷ
ǰġĵͤȻ΢΢һЦһΪȤģڡĵͤĴš
ഫǰ䣬ٴ棬ʵۺȨگᵽעʷ
治ò;棬ǰְ
űӳǵʱѽƻ裬֪סʷ
էҹķң಻ԣ£ҹĸ̣꣬ЩˮСκκ«Ѽס
ǣгͥԺԺ£̾
Ȼ۾һǽһھϸŴʯپϡ棬æѼףҿǡ
ֻȪ峺Ȫ羵׹ھУء
ǣӣһưˮһȣȪˮ崿˷θ
оϲźʹ첻
Ȫƾ紼澹ȻЪϢʱ㡣
ȻҹƵƵнӣйδţﴫһ˯ս硣
˼ѰΣ̰īֽһһСղء
ǹٷãǩɫӹ֮󣬱Ϊһ׵ٴһΡĵͤ
Ŵ˵ɸΪĵͤⲿƷһɫʡ
Ȼ浱ǲΣҲ޷֤
ǿԹΪ浱꣬Ρ
ĵͤĵܷܷĵ䣬˵ԣ߳䣬µ¥߳Ժţȥˡ
ţԣǼĹ̵Ľչȥˡ

812ա
ϷԺٷվٷ΢ͬʱ緢һԤ棺ݹӹƷĵͤıͬ硶ĵͤ81710㣬ϷԺմݣڴ
ϷԺԤһûôҸеȣ΢΢һЦڳˡ
ԣѾ֪ϷԺһƳһݹӹƷı¾硣
ֻԤʱ䣬ȴԤƵҪ΢һЩ
֮ǰкۣܶ˵ϷԺһҲȥҹӹһƷ
û취ͬΪԺϷԺǾԲֻжԺ;Ժͷġ
ϷԺĵλ棬ܵӰ졣ǵ飬ЩС;ԺЦֻ
ԣϷԺһڶʱڣƳһƷ¾硣
Ҫһ㣬ǰȥѰӹæȻȷѡ
ѾϤһУʵҲȷˣϷԺԤ棬֤ʵ֮ǰĲ²⡣
ԣǾûľϲȴǼá
һǲ¶ϷԺĶ̬
һ»ڴ
һƬڡ
ϷԺ¾ڳˡȻҵϣȻǹӹƷ
ӹ׼ѻһ׵Ľడ
ǰⶼǶʱڵĵƷˡȷдҿڴƷһһġ
٣ֻǻƷ˼ڻһƷͿսͬӵӡÿ춼׼ȷءҵ磬㲻
˵һεġĵͤһʲôƷϷԺԤϣҲ֪򵥽һ¾ݣ
ҲǳҪ֪ڲ֪ҲûйϵֻҪ֪ǹӹƷͿˡ
˵ûֻҪǹӹƷǾһֵڴġһڴͺˡ
ûдһϣĵͤҪǱˡĲϲ簡
û˻ϲɡ˭ùӹ˵ıƷҲôءôԲסҪС
֮Ըһιӹүܹȱһϲ
ţУǴҾһɡ

ǶһδʽݵĻԣò˵ʱĻгܻԾ
ֱԭȻǹӹƷ
ȴ硣
ʱ䣬ȫشССľԺҲ½Ƴ˲ٵ¾磬ֻ׼Ƴ¾硣
ڻȳӰ죬ԺƳ¾ĳɼ֮ǰ̫ࡣ
ǵ¾ϣԶԶ硶ɽףӢ̨롶ԩ
ƱˣǼˣԵġ
ô죿Ϊ˹һ񫣬ȻͻѡȥЩԺһĻ硣
һԺ¾ʣȻڽ
ڿЩ¾֮󣬷Щ绹Ȼ硶ɽףӢ̨͡ԩҲֵÿһ
֮һ֪ԽԽҲԽԽ߽Ժ
ѭ֮£ԺƳ¾гҲˡ
׷ԴӹƷȷе˵Ϊĵͤδʽݣ̻ڵĻг
ľԺҵԱпǧ



ھŰʮ ˶ò
г̻ˣĴҵԱڸпǧͬʱҲԹӹм
гˣԺҲ͸ˣǵĹʡҲͱÿˡ
ҪǣڸоҵԱݣ֮ǰҪࡣ
˵ڻҵʱ򣬶ٶ¶һ˿Ľɫ֮ǰǴûз飬ǺЩϲ

Ժ;ԺȻҲͬϷԺԤ档
ԴˣǼȸź
˵ǣһݹӹƷıĻͶгɻڵĻгӻԾҲԸ档
źǣϷԺվȥҹӹæˣԺ㶦ľ棬ǵü
һϷԺȥҹӹæϷԺп޷óһԿ⡶ɽףӢ̨͡ԩ¾硣
ϷԺڽӰпܻΪҾԺһȼĴڡ
ûԺֻԺˡõԴ䣬ɻøࡣ
ҲͬûУӹĵƷͶгĿǰ׶ε棬ҲͲӡ
ˣۺǣԺġˡӦûҪȡźࡣ

ԹӹĵƷĵͤڴΨнһЩ߷߲ԸϵĽʡ
ڴЩ߷߲ƽ룬ΪʲôСȥƷҲͬȡĳɹ
һЩģԼ࣬רΪı໰紴ƷӶıϰֱе
ӹĻƷȴô֮ͣϰڡ
ܹģ
ӹֻС˵ȡþ޴ɹҲˣһȲĽҲἵʡ
ӹƫƫҪܵйصĻҵͷһա
﷢ģһҪڻƷϸɵӹС˵һ

ӹƷ̻˻г˺ܶ˵ע⡣
磬С˵Ȧӡ
Ƕԣ֮ǰӹһƷԽŮƿС˵ƪһ¡
Ȼ̻гӰϽԶ֮ǰģС˵ƪᲢۡ
֮䣬ҲЩ֮ͬ
һǣ˸п֮⣬Ҳֻ̾Ϣ
ǿˣӹ˼ǲдҲԹúң
˭˵أΪרĵдĴС˵ȴ˭֪֪䣬ȻƷ̻˻гΪڣ
ҷ˲д֮ԽԽˡһ˵ʲô
ԽԽ࣬ԽԽҲ군Ҷȥһˡ
ҪȥףؼܻܲãܣǾͷʱַԼŪ㲡
һǱˣʱĻᣬúдɡҪ˼ɾܳɹʵʵĻ롣
ðɣʵʵдɡľҲԽԽƷԽԽ࣬Ƕ췸ѡۺ֢ˡû찡
û취ΪߣƷԽԽ࣬Żγڵʱ߶ԣȷԽԽԽ󣬵ҲԽԽ󣬴ҶŬɡ

ڵС˵磬û˹ӹƷһǣһЩϰߡ
ĴʱѾߣС˵
һЩƵƳƷ൱ʡ
һߣԽһΪвФƻߣǵƷҲͬǳʡ
ܹѡƷ֮ǰ࣬ĵ⡣
ҲϰˣС˵ûйӹӡ

һĵͤø۷׷ףʥ壬ũׯĵڶڹ̣Ѿʽչ̶Ӹɾʮ㣬ǣ̽չʮ˳
ʱҲϢйȥһתۣ814һ졣
ŵ㣬ӹ΢ˣͿսͬӵӡء
ԣϲ̵Ŀ˽ĸ¡
ÿ쿴Ϳսͬӵӡĸ£½ɺȽƽܰĹ£ѾΪǵϰߡ
һ죬Ϳսͬӵӡˣǿ϶ǳĲϰߡ
ϣôһ졣
ǣƺˣǹӹÿ춼ֲϸĸ£Ϳսͬӵӡܻһ졣
һ죬
ڽĸµģһµ½ں棬ôһ޹صĻװǣȻҲ죬Ϳսͬӵӡͽᡣǳлʱ䣬ⲿƷϲ֧֡
鼫ãҲΪǣһλʱȴͻȻסˡ
ȵǷӦʱ˶òˡ



ھŰʮ ǺܵǱ
ͿսͬӵӡͽᣬӦǣȫһ˲òˡ
Ѿϰˣÿ춼Ҫ½Ƚ¹£򵥶ܰôܹأ
ˣǲҲ½Ƚ¹ˣ
ǷǳĲϰߡ
֮ǰֻŹӹҪϸȴû뵽ⲿƷһ졣ֻʶĲȥ롣
ͻԤ棬ͻȻѡ
һʱ䣬һŨŨĲͷӿ֡ǲϣ֣ϣӹܹдȥ
ǷҪ֣ҲҪдһЩٳһЩ
˵Ĳᣬӹ΢ǵһ
ǰɣˣǧҪҲҪôͽ
ǰҲ̫ͻȻ˰ɣҸокܶܶĶдôͻȻҪˣ
½ɺȽûԼСѣôҪأ
ǣ½ʱһϼҴƴʱȽûô棬ôͽأ
ӹǧҪдԺ󿴲£춼ûоġ
ҪᰡҪᰡҪᰡ
Ҫᰡ

ǰһƬȫùӹҪġ

ʥ塣
ԵİҲЩд˲ᣬֻ֤ģǳϲⲿƷҲⲿƷˡ
һƷʱ˾ƷҲŻƷĳ֡
֮Իڽĸ½ں棬һԤ棬Ϊǣܹһ׼
ȻֱԵͻȻᣬǻӵĲýܣӵʧ䡣
ô֪콫Ҫ֣ЧļеʧС
Ϊٻأʹֿڴ
ʵͿսͬӵӡ˰£ҲЩ᲻ôʹ֡
ⲿƷѾˣôˡ
ңⲿƷ֮ҲźüƳµƷ
ǰľƷء

ͿսͬӵӡϢܿ
һЩûüȥĸµһҲļٵģܰɣôôͻȻҪˣ
һЩϢʵԣԽԽˣʾϢȷʵǹӹڽĸ½У˵ġ
ȷϢݵʵ׼ȷͬһּȵʧͲᣬ˲ӿͷͻȻЩȥĸˡ
һǰѽĸ¿ˣֻʣˡ
ǲҪӹҪһλ
ʱϣĵ⣬ȻĴ֡
û뵽ôˡ֪Ĵʲôӵģ
ϣҪǱˣʱ䱻ӹıƷŪˡ
һЩǱ֣½һϼҷչȽĴԽԽ١Ĺ»ܳôţ½ɺȽһһ𡣵ڹӹͻȻҪˣ㲻þ˵շֶա
Ҳ¥ϿɲҪңôܻ˵ķֶգ
Ҳ¥ϵ¥һ˵ҲͻȻһֲõԤУ˸㲻û֡
ȥòǹӹдˣ˷֣ôҴⱾɣ
ͣҲҪ˵ˣ˵úⲿƷĻԱƵġֲ²⣬Ѵŵˡ
Ҳܣӹ½ɺȽ֣ԺҾͲƷˡЩ֣Ű
˺ˣҲҪ۽ˣ쿴˾֪ˡ

ܴʶģȥ۽ֵ⣬һֵĲõԤУϮ˴ҵͷ
ΪĿǰΪֹµľǣ½Ϊԭһ˻صϼǱȥƴȽĴԽԽ١
Ƚδ绰½ɣҪ½ɻؼһˡ½ɴӦ˵ᾡʱ䣬Ȼؼһˡ
ȻһһΣ½ɶΪ̫æûгʱؼҡ
ٺȽһδ绰½ɣ½Ҫ210֮ǰؼһΡ
ңڽٸ½ɴ绰
µľ鵽
ľ£ӹͻȻ˵ⲿƷҪˡ
ټʱ䣬ӹƷֶǱ磬һεܽӴǣɽףӢ̨ǣԩҲǡ
˲òǣӹ˻áͿսͬӵӡҲԱ֡
˷ֻ֣Ƚ⣬½ɸϻؼҵʱѾҲȽˡ
Щˡ
֮ǰŵڶܹЩǺȥͿսͬӵӡĸ¡
죬ȴʱܹһЩǲô쿴֡
ʱĿȻ˵㡣
ڶ죬815գ糣
ͿսͬӵӡĴ֣Ǻ



ھŰʮ 罫ݣ
ŵ㣬ӹ΢׼ʱˡͿսͬӵӡ
ȻһΣһȴ֮ǰڵһʱȲĵ˽ȥ
Ҷûмȥһ᲻ã쿴Ҳûˡ
Ǻ¿ǲϣĽ֡
˵û˭ˣ˵½ֻ֣Ҫ˵ǡǡϲͿˡ
֪һûЩ᲻ãЩ¡һҵȽŮʲô⣬ҿ϶˶ˡ
ǰɣҶûпˣȥˣҿ֮ǽ֡
У˭ҪߣҪԼȥͱɣҲȥˡ

һʱ֮󣬴ƺѾԼ½½㿪˽ĸ¡
ˣҶԼͬĿñ֮ǰ
ǲô쿴ֻ꣬Ƕڴ֣ڴ
ϴȽ˵½210֮ǰؼһΣڽٸ½ɴ绰
ڽȽȻûٸ½ɴ绰
½æԼҵҲû̫⣬˾ڶʱʧȥϵ
½Ȼÿ춼æڹһת۱210һ졣
ȻԼץǣ½СӾȻˣȽ210֮ǰػؼһε¡
210죬СӾȻڹ˾ϰ࣬ҵ°ʱ򣬻ҪӰࡣ
ʱ򣬶ûȽҪ
Ҳˣа̾һֲõԤȻ
Ƚ½210֮ǰػؼһΡ210ŵߵ㣬½ȴȻϼҵĹ˾
˻ǧ֮ң½ͻȻ𣬹Ҳϲȥˡ
ѵҪԱˣ
½С𣬸ϻؼҵʱȴѾûȽӰ
ѾЩٿȥˣĲϣĽ֡
ǵϣȫĴ֡
ҵٻһ롣
ҪҪȥһԥһ濴һ㣬ԣֹͣ
ȻЩˣԸڶʱ
½ɿֻϵʱ䣬ȻȽҪ
ǳһСˡ
ʱѾ7ˣ½ɻϵûȥ
ǵһξ
½ľ֮£ٶżȥڸ12֮ǰ˼ſڡ
½ƿŵһ̣ɳϣѾ˯˵Ƚһ
ǣҲͬһ½12֮ǰϵ˼УңȽҲһֱɳϵ½ɡ
µĽӦòǱˡ
ٵԲؿڣ룺ºˣոһ
Ƚо½ɻˣ˹¶Цݡ
ӵɳϣ˵һĻ
Ƚ½ɣˣҶã
½ɿЦĻشǾͲ˵ˣ˾㲻ҪˣôҲҪ¿ǸⰡ
Ƚûټ˵½Ҳûټ˵˾ӵ˯ȥ
ǿȴǡ⡱һ¡
ȽΪʲôҪʣ½ɵĻش֮ΪξͲ˵ˣ
ٳʲô۶Ӱɣ
ǲЩһεĵǣܿͱʵ
ڶϣ½ʱ򣬷ֻȽѾˡ
½ɵͻȻһֲõԤСɿȥȽķţĶʱ˹ȵס
ȽķȽƷȫˡ
ȽҲˡ
ҲǰɡȽˣڻҪ˵ķֶգǶʱ־˶ˣһ˵ĸϮͷ
źܣֻۣ
ڣǵѾۡ
Ϊڵ飬Ѿ˹ȵףȴ˭֪иȵ׵ڵǡ
ڷõ½ɣͻȻϣһȽš
ȽµţǿȽµţϲǾš
ʱųĹȵס
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ڣȽ뵱ʱһޣֻǰѵʼš
ѵȽҲ
ı磬Ƚݣ
ܵˡ
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ȽĽֺһǾһ׵׵ıˡ
ңϵȽһֱڴߴ½ɣҪؼһε
ѵΪ˼½һ棿
ֵܼʱ䣬210ţ½Ҫ210֮ǰؼһΡ
½ɵ⣬ˣҶã
ˡѵָǸˡ
Խ룬ԽǾľԽԽÿԺܴ
һּȵѹ֣Ѹ



ھŰʮ ϲʧ䷴
һ뵽Ľ֣пȽݣǾ͸оһּȵѹ֡
һȽ½ɵţܶĲԸȥ
ڲеԶȥҲãϲҲգˣֶܲɡ
ңıݣҲȫֻǴĲ²ѣ˵ͲǴ
ǣǼ¿ȥһȽ½ɵš
еݣȽģʶеĻ䣬һα½ɡ񡱻ؼҿʼ
źܳ¼ʶ½ԺĵεΣʼкøУϲ½ɣٵ½عʱ½˼
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÷˯Уٴε˻еŮӣҲ֮ǰͬгֹŮӡ
ŮӸ÷ԭϰ̫ضűŮ
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ڶϣ÷ԼΣЩ˼
水ն˵һ뻹ķĹ򿪣ƿ׸ǡ
ֹײеŮ𣬾ֻͬ˯һ㡣ŮӣǻеŮӣҲУԳƶŮӡ
÷һ뻹ĿУһȻ
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ֻ˵һĵͤѾţˣ÷ԵĿԵ
ʼǱ磬֮ĵΪϲ磬һת֮󣬴Ҿķ֣ԭб硣ȴ˭֪һתۣһϲ硣һһǳϲ硣һۣȥɰ۵ġ
һĵ̫ͤˣԽԽϲӹˡ
˭˵أ⡶ĵֱͤԶ󿪣ŮǵĿԵֱİо
˭˵ӹֻдţ˼ĵͤ˼ϲдġͽвѣһ־Ϲ۾
ԭӹ˼ҵϲƷȻ˵ΪΪʵ̫ϲⲿƷˡ

֮ǰֳƣ̨϶Ļʧ
ǱˣһʵϲƷ
Ϊȷ̾һ硣
ȻϵΪ˲ϲ硣
ڵ֮໥СŸոսġĵͤԼĹ۵Ϳһʱ֮䲢û뿪
ʱϣѻģǻȥĵͤľ顣
ĵͤӦò˰ɣЩһô
ǰһؿڱ֤ģڽĵһʱ䣬ǰǷ
Ȳ֪ǣĵͤǱ绹ϲ磿˼Ҵ˶ĵġ
ӦþͿ˰ɣе




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÷֮䣬پһĥʲôġ
ȻĽ֣ǿ϶һ



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ϲҲãҲɣҷǷǳڴ


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ֵϲǵѩŮǿ϶ܹϳġŮ
ѩɫ΢΢һ죬һۣ˵Щ׵飬һʲôҿ˵ˣʳﲻǳζһյĹЧƤرá
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ķУβ裬ˡ
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һŸʲôϽȥ˭ãпܷΧֱֻϣܽӴġ
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ڵϿϪˮ·дƬƬĲݵء
ʱ˷˷ܵοͣ
졭ʲô񣿡ĵʵ
ѩֻֻֽ֪ڣ˼ĸɽСֻǿշ裬ȴ֪ǴҪɵȥǣͲһ˵˵ЩųΪֻǣǰЩȻطҪö࣬ҲҪĶࡣ
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ĵҲǰܹ
ѩҲͬſ⡣
ֻǣÿһ˶ˣܹЩǣһܵĽӴ



ھŰٰʮ Ȼ
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֮֮̾ڶ
ο˵һ޴ľϲЩһοЩοͣ˷ܡ
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˵СֳȽӣԶ
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һȥǲμӶͯѧᣬյǵĵһϣ·ϣǸݳװһ׸衶·
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°볡ʼ׶θǵġϲϰ볡Ŀʼ׶С
Ԥϵ°볡ɽҵӻˣҲ֪°볡汱ӻǳѡ
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ȫеһӵʵ𣿹Ȼǿÿ¡汱ӾҪ𣿡˵
ԶԶûн°볡ǰӵıȷɽҵʵԲ汱ӵʵֻһʱ֮䱻ԷѹǵӦþͻŤתּ䱻ľ档ҲΪ
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񲿷ֹۣɽҵĹƻڼ汱ûκεİ취
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ǲٵĹý壬Ҳı˶ԡ֡˶ԻĸллΪǣһƷ

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ϣǶڡ֡飬ͬпǧ
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˵Ŀ⽫ڣһҪƳƷϡ



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̽ư֣ࣿ۾һ˵ãСӵƷ졷̹͡١Ҷϲһ׼дĸ
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ƷгֵЩǰУûеزıȫ޸ˡ


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кܴһֵС˵ԣΪ˴С˵ԣԹӹĴƷжӡ
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Ů˷ܵ˵ţʥšУȴȻѩҮһ
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ŮǲϣŤѩһ֡

ѩ弸ŮֵʱϣӹʼصģƷЩ꣬һ׷ŮҲͬǰһһѸ
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˵ôڹעӹ˵ҲĽ뿪С˵ôãɱܹעµѸٴԼгС
ǰһǴС˵磬ͬʱ򿪡룬ʱ֮᲻뿪Ȼٴȥһµ򣿡
ǲܰɣҪ֪뿪ǱȵģҪнһӦûдҲڡһ񡯵Ľɫò뿪
ɢɢˣӹѾС˵ˣԺͲٹע˰ɡ˭Ҫע˽¹עͿˡ


Ȧӵ֮⣬вҲڹעֻǴĬĬĹע
ԾģͨĴС˵ǡ
һͻȻֵĻ⣬ܿ˺ܶ˵Ȥ
Ҷ˵һ˵ⲿЩ꣬һ׷ŮŮǣջ᲻һ𣿡
ڿɲ˵ӦǷڣŮǵͶʱǸʱİһ㶼ûнġԣŮӦòһ𡣡
ӦãҾÿ϶һǿĵһӦǣǶ£Ǹʱϲ׷ŮǸŮǵļģ
û϶һ𡣲һǺڴⲿƷ
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ȥһǵһҶΪŮղһ𣬻ƷôڴƷǲӦóһ¹ӹȡı£ǰƷõòҪҪģ˾Ůǲһ𣬻Ʒôڴ
ӵġھͶ϶Ůǲһǲ̫һ㣿Ļһûء
ҵΪⲿƷУŮǻ᲻һҪӹӦͨⲿƷһֽ黳ĶǴصǶе¡ص㡣
ûͬ⣬Ůǻ᲻һʵҪҪ黳ȻҲֻΪݵʱ򣬻᲻ΪǾͲ֪ˡ




һǧ ص
ʥ塣
ũׯĶڹɽչ˳ٶȲȥϺ͹˵Ц䣬ҲڹϺ͹һԷ˶Է֡
ÿڹϳԷʱСѾͷǸ
⣬ӡӵҲڹϻ췹ԡǵĻ˵ǣǿÿ춼ô෹ˣԲĻǵжϧ
ǸݺСҲũׯϰϰֵʥ棬֮⣬ȥСѾͷ
⼸ҲڴѧڿѧҲûж೤ʱˣһι㲻׼ٻؼȥˡ
ڲ࣬˵ȻޱߣֻǣЩʱڴ͵鼸ŮοͣܿЦЦı飬Щա
ڴεϹڡЩ꣬һ׷ŮĲ²ҲһֱûͣЪ
ʱҲһһת۱823һ졣
ڴС˵ԣֻ߹עӹ˵һȻЩرһ졣
һ죬Щ꣬һ׷ŮҪʽʼء
֮ͬǰһʱ仹9㣬ѾвٵĴС˵ԣ˹ӹ΢ϡ
ʱ㣬ͬڴָоĺܺá
ǰǰͿսͬӵӡصʱÿ춼ʱϰˡһʱ䣬ЩϰߡڣֿԼˡ
ÿ춼ܹȴϲС˵£һͦҸ顣ܶ˶µȴȴܡȴĹ̡
֮ǰ½ɺȽ֪һ˭˭ڴ˼죬Ҫˡ
⼸϶˵ⲿƷŮǣ϶һ𡣿˵ĸоеӡȴȻǷǳڴⲿƷһֵ顣
Űɣ𿴴˵ѣʱ϶ǳźڴΪá

ڵȴʱʱŵӹ΢׼ʱˣȻ뷢
Щ꣬һ׷ŮʽǼ档
ԻһȲĵ㿪һ¡
£Ӧôһǽʼ˵
1990죬ûѧв꼶
һԼҵȻһֱͨͨк̫ϲϿʱҿЦͬѧ̧ܣڱڽҵ䡣
Ψһһͺͺǽڡ
¾ڣڿô֣Цڽ̨æŰҡ

1990꣬ЩңԶˡ
С˵һʼֱӵʱ䣬һӾͰǵ˼صǸңԶ
Ȼ1990ʱ򣬶ǵ͸ͬЩǸʱûгⲢûйϵ
ʱֻµġšÿһԵ˼صģԼһ£Ǿ1990ꡣ
ⲿƷȻ֮ǰһһƪôҸܵˣһֽ黳Ķÿ˵ഺ黳
Ǹ¾ڵģȥƺЩƤӦþ˰ɡ
¾һɼֵƤѧʦþִûʲôЧ֮󣬰и˰ΪŮˣλ˵ǰ±￪ʼ
¾ںˣӦþŮ˰ɣȫţǸֳЦ⡣
·ŮǳеʱŮǵǰǲԾģԼϳʱ龰Լǰλͬѧ
ֻǣǵļѾЩģˣѾǲԼǰͬѧŮˡ
ǣԼϲǸͬѧȴȻǵֻò
ǻǵǵʱԸܹĺֻԸǲʵ֣λãǸôԶ
ǸʱλʦģǲλֻһλλʱܹһЩ
ǻǵãһλλʱб󷽣ʵѾΪǰֻмһ
Ȼ󷽣úľ뻹ûб󷽣Ҳб󷽵ĺôǱܹĲ󷽻Ҫá
һεĻλ˷˺þá
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Ѽ﷢ȤģûȤ飬˵¾ëƤС飬Ƕ˵úܸˡ
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˻һܡ족Ůӣϲ˵¾ɡ
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˵ĹϵȴԽԽ
Ķʱʱʱܸܵ龰Щʶָоĺܺá


һǧһ ûϲĸŮͬѧ
ӹ顶Щ꣬һ׷ŮʽʼأоһӾͻصˣǸңԶµǣýζ
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ͻȻˣҳеʱһʱ䣬һŮͬѧӾ;ñʴҵıϲҰɣ˵ǸʱңӦôôٶۣڣҾ˵٣ӣǲˣѣ
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Ҽǵҳеʱ򣬺һͬѧϲңд˺öСֽءϧǸʱҿһоûСдֽҲϲҲǻǳϲġ
ȥôô죿еʱϲֻϲˡΪʲôҳеʱֻ֪ʹϷ
УʲôСѧʱͿʼϲһŮˡȻǸʱϲֻǺܵϲܹǳ˷ܣȴûҪˣѡǸʱ浥

Ҷڻ䣬ͷ·𿴹֮󣬰ǵĻͨһ㡣
һ룬Ҳÿ˵ԺǸʱļ䡣
ֻƽʱûҵ˵Ļᣬֻûڡ
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࣬˸ое۵ĻƽʱܻڣݵС
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в˶зԼ֣ʱһ
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ָһЩģĳ̶ȣҪһЩԽӣĳ̶ȾԽߡ
ΪԽӣͬͬյļʾԽСǡ
ͻȻ֪һϲԼָоǺܾϲˬġ
Ҳ˶ѣϾЩǳ˶ļ䡣
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ſɳϣŴ۾ʵеʱûϲĸŮͬѧ
аûԥֱӴҵͬǸʱǶŮġ
𣿡һҲ۾һһȤӣʵʲô֣ƯƯǻûϵ
Ҷ壬Ưǿ϶ƯڻƯƯͲ֪ˣʮû˰ɣӦöѾˡ



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Ȼ֪ǹ˵ģҡҡͷֵϧ㻹Ǽ޸ҡĺΪλͬѧеź
һ첻ӣĹĵһֵ㲻Ҫţ˵Ķġ
Ű
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һЦٺٵţɾɲˣҲüޣҲüޡ
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ӣʱǲˡҪȫʧĻƵõȵЩ꣬һ׷Ů֮ȥˡ
ʱڹһתֵ˵ڶϡ
Ҫ˯緹ӴקĿһ֮󣬹ԹԵˡ
Թ緹ڴתһȦҪŵʱ˻ص䡣
һڴС˵ԣȻҲʱϰԵĵ½΢ҳ棬Щ꣬һ׷ŮҪˡ
㷢һ黳ڽĸ¸ڴ
û⣬ŵʱ򣬹ӹ΢׼ʱµ½ڡ
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ţҲΪһƷʵǿܻˣѣպ޳ԣǻ׼ΪȻһϣܹ޳ġ


ʥ塣
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ҲͬҵۣΪһߣ˽ǶԼƷۣǷǳбҪġ
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顰šһʵȷˣкܶ˺ϲһƷʵϣǿһֱ֪ǲƷ˭
ֻǶĳһƷӴ˽⣬֪˭ľ͸ˡ
ϣЩ꣬һ׷ŮȷԽԽơ
֮ǰһЩ֪Ȿˣ֮п˴С˵ǣеһЩݵۣеĳЩ飬ͻȻһֺϤĸоϷһ
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ܹоóⲻһϰԵ̾ϢǱϧ֮̾Ϣ
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ܿܿŮԣҲͬǺС̾Ϣһ˵ԭˣҲѴֿˣȷźǰʵãҪͻȻͽˣͻȻһĪϧ
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ܿܿͷΪǶĻԸһֻĿռ䣬˵һء˽ˣֻռҲûˡ
˼˵ȷӵġ˵˼޵ˣп¾ô𣿡
ܿܿЦЦ˵ɲ˵ҲУҲûСȻѡǾ˵϶Ǻܰġ
̾һǾͦϧġ
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ʹ͸ˣڴֵǰһ̣ͻȻøӵҡ
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ļҳ֮ĶԻȫĸطг֡



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ҳ²һȫصĶߣڿҽ֮޲Ե÷ǳ˷ܡ
ǹҽٰĻԼĶܹѡУǾԻȫƹ㣬һ˲Ϊˣֻ롣
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ͬЦǵš
ٺٵϾڴǡ
ʱһԵһۣͲ֪ǫһ𣿡



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ħǶ䣬ؼұ
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ҲòԽԽãʹҸ˷ܣƷƻϵĺá

ĿǸ̸ţûпѹĺССֻ̩ɽ˾ô࣬Щ㣬᲻Ҳкܶȥ
ͷǿ϶ģΪӦøлһ¹ҽεΪǴȥ˲ٵÿء
ǰû뵽Ӱô󡣡
ӰǺ
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֮ҲţС
Թ֮˲ûؾƵ꣬ڸתһһ̩ɽµķ⣬ȻŻصƵϢ



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ЦЦ˵Ȼû⡣
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΢΢һЦ˵Ƕ˵òԼҲĽԼ
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ԣ㹻ʱɽҲֻɽܸķ羰
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ԼƷܹٷѡУһٳ롣
ȻΪܹдһȰѧҲҪѰС
кܶ˶˵Ҫ̩ɽѰУ񶫵˼ͻȻһ뵽һѰУܿǮˣӦ׬Ǯķӡ
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ԡѰȰѧСΪͷЩ˴ѰеĶߣԶ
Էֻ߶Է߶ԡ
ÿһαȶԣҪ200ǮĲͷ5ӵʱڣûжԳʧܣ踶Է200Ǯ
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ĳӣƽʱ⡱Ʋ̫ã⼸ʱ䣬ܲ
ЩѰеĶǣвĸԼߣ200ǮһεĲͷҲ࣬ǿԼµĳӣԻ̲סҪԼһ
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ʮȶǶԷӮһҲûȵѾ׬2000Ǯ
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ȷЩѶȣҲȴʵѧ˼ʱ䣬˴𰸡
ٿǮ֣Ϊ˷ܣû˵𰸡
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ԣ˶ڽкá
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ˮƽȷܸߣȷʵԵúãͷȶߺܸɴĸ˲ͷ
200ǮϾ࣬ˣҲñַȲǡ



һǧһʮһ Ӯʮ
µĳӴΧ˵к֮̾࣬յο͵ע⣬ԥƬ̣֮ǱŲŲ׼ȥ
鿴˿Ǹ¶һ˿Ȥɫ˵ǱƺڱȶҪҲȥ
ͷѾע⵽Ǳߵ
߽ȺƬ̣ǰΧȺҲСۡ
Ǹ˶Զأ￴֣ӮˣӮ600Ǯ
Ӯ֣ҸոǱ˵˵ѾӮ11ˣһֶû
һֶûҲ̫˰ɡⱾ£Ǹ׬Ǯĺ÷Ӱ

ΧȺۣСӮ11֣Ǹĺ
ͷܹӮ11֣ȷ汾¡
֪û˭ܹӮھ뿴һ֡ٺ٣
˵кֵܶѰУӦܹӮɣǲ֪ڲûȤ֣

Χ۵˶뿴һ֣˫ӮܹӾʲǡ
ʱֻһʮӣȺ߳רдĳǰ˵̨Ӯ11֣Ǻñ£һ̨
Χ˼˳֣׷׳кãΪӼֻܹͣöԷ׳ܾ֡
¶֮ɫ˵
Ҳ¶һ˿ȤɫֵǸո·ϣæǸˡ
ѵҲѰеĶߣ⵹Ȥˡ
񶫼ţЦǺǵ˵Ҳңֻðˡ̨֪ǳǶ
ӵҶԶ治Ҷ̨żһ̨֮
񶫵ͷȻˣ̨룡
ӵͷֽд֮һչʾ˿һѧˮۣˡ
䣬Ⱥʱк֮ݲ׶ԣҲ˵ǺǲߣҲܹó
ȺеĶߣ˼󶯣ԼԼ䣬ƺĳС
۾һ˵úܺðѶȺҲȽϴ󡣡
ͷȷЩѶȣʽйоأӦܹԵó
𣿡룬ֵӸʽϿƺȷûʲôر𡣡
񶫼ҲһͻЩĿһۣĵСӲǳҲѶȡڸʽûʲô⣬Գⲻ󡣡
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ӼԼһƬкãҲֵ⣬ڸոǰ·ϣһСʱһСʱͻȻбŷôһ
ʱû뵽ĳӣ˵³ӵѾӮ11֣Ծͽոյõ˳
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ѧˮۣˡҪԳЩѶȡ
ⳡ˼ϧҲֳȻҪȥһ³ӵˣӮ11֣
˼Ӯ11֣ȷ汾£ü١
ǰͿܲܶԳˣ˵̩ɽǸõط군룬ҪҪҲȥתһת

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ֻǿϧ5ӵʱҪʱ񶫹Цһ˵ˡ
ȻֽдƽԭҰ׷ա
һȻźԵȷʵãҲͬк
ӼԷôͶԳҶԵûǳҲ˵̨Ǻñ£
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ǶԳˡ˵Щźӡ
ЦЦϸĿһۣԷȷ汾£ˮƽ費͡
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ƽԭҰ׷աԵĲʱӣԵĸְ
ȷǸֳ֣ôˣһֶӮ˰ɣ
ʵ˼ѾӮ12ˡո˭ֳ԰ɣһ⣬ǶֳѣдˣһһֶӮȻˣͷҪԼͨת˵ķʽֳѡ
ɣھֳλҪսģԸ˵ֳˡ
⣬200ǮĲͷС£һ治һֶ䡣ǰżõģԼûҾȥһǣ׶̹ɣ޻ഺոλѣ鷳ˡ
ѣˮƽܸ߰ҷǳϲɣû⣬ȥս
úãְ
Ӧܹһܾ˰ɡ




һǧһʮ аӮ
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ѾӮʮ֣νǴʱֻϧڲǴ죬ûôӦ
ֳΧ۵ԽԽ࣬ҲиĶ߱
ڵ֪ѾӮʮ֮󣬲ûбŵӵԾԾԣ۷Ź⡣
Ӯʮ֣Ǻ°ĻֻҪԼܹ׳ܾ֣ǾԻΪȫĽ㣬ֳͷСҪǣ¶ᴫߵȦǲĴͷ
ĶԾԾԣԺＫ˼̩ɽ£Ǹо˼άƽʱԾ࣬ҪѶȵһѵ顣
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ڶϵ豾ִһּõ״̬£˼άǳԾ
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һ㶣û뵽ԷôܹԳҶԵ֮вò
˵ˣǲͷ
ããЦ˵ʱ˿̣һ˭ս
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ԣҲֻһ
˼ĶǣҲһЩľôѵĶȻֻӵʱͶԳˡֱƴʦﰡ˭ǣ
ȻľĶ־ȴԽԽߣʦǺðһʦﳢܼǾһԴţƴܾõ顣
ֻǣҪôʦﳢܼҪ㹻ѶȲС
ǼӿԺתٶȡ
ȺУ΢΢Щզ࣬˵Ӯˡ
ںԴһּõ״̬Уܹˮƽķӣ»ӮȥȻˮƽҲȷܸߡ
ˮƽӣֵ֪˭ܹװܣ
Ȧӡ
껨԰ҽ̡Եúð˼û3áҷˣ200ǮֵʣµľͿλˣ˭Ըٳȥ
ȷǸˮƽĪλʦɣһͲҪóȥˣûá
ǸѶȵôóģ˶࣬Ҷ밡֮ǰ϶ҲУҪӮһ֡
ûһͲˣô˻Ӯһˣ

ϵĶߣֳĶߣڼ˼
Ӯʮ֣Ѿ̼ǣ˵ʲôҲҪöԷһ֡
ңǳԷȻǸռˡ
µѶȣԶȳѶȸߣǶӮˣǵǶˡ
Ȼ񶫵Ķˮƽ裬Ҫִ߳࣬һֳˮƽӵ״̬֮С
ϵĶߣֳĶߣһ٣ٶĳԵ˰ܾ֡
֪䣬ѾӮʮ֣һܼ
ѾӮʮˣҲ̫˰ɡ
ȫΪһĹݣ
ʣʣû뵽̩ɽ£Ȼܹ˾ʵһĻ
ĪǽһֱӮȥ군ʱɽˡҾ￴ţܹӮʲôʱ򣿡
Ҳǣ˵һɽģھ￴ȥˡϲɽϣﾫʴ˿ɾûˡ
ȷ־ʼֱ󡣡

ֳοԽԽ˷ܣǴɽģҲɽˡ
ɽϵٿֳľʴ˾ûˡ
ͨο˷ܣǵҪһЩˡ
ô˶ԸһˣǳȻܣʵЩ
ȻûΪǶԼоֻܹöԷֻܱһҲá
ֻǶʱûǰսˣˣʱ벻ʲôõһóȥûκε塣
ֳĶˣϵĶҲ࣬ǿν൱ƣô˻ǽܱǶˡ
ֳ
ȺУǱ˵ˣڼӮʮˡ
Цǣʲôʱ۹
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°ͣ˵Ӧû⡣
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ոȥһ֣мȸơ˵˷ǳõƵȻ˶Է
ˣû뿪ֳս˭ܹӮһ֣ȴ˭֪ȻöԷӮʮ֣ǹƺεġ
ͿˣȺʵ̫ˣ벻ѡ
Ծߵ˵󣬵Ҳûбʲô˼ֻȺУΨйԶˣ㲻ԾĿˡ
ȴ˭֪Ȼ˵аӮˣһľϲ̲סıѿڶ
ʵҲ֪վں棬ȴǲ֪Ļͷ˵֮˺󣬲˵
ʱѾǰǶǸǸոĻЩѿڶģʵǱǸ
ЦˣⲢûйϵ



һǧһʮ Ȯ˪ţһ·÷Ҷ
ǸһЦǶո˵аӮǵ棿
Цһԡ
һϲֵԭǶǴ˵֣ʧˡǸǶ㿴⡭ʵ˵ǼһӮʮ֣ҺƺΡ
Ȼ֣ȻȷƺӮǼһȻ˵ˣٿһ
ֻǻЩ˵ڣϾ200ǮĲͷһ˼Ҳһء
Ȼӵ˼ԼʵҲһЩȤ֮ǰû֣Ӯʮ֣ȤҲˡ
漴˵һһԣд㣬ȥΣ
һ㶣ЩֶԷΪβǰȥѵ˶ˣ
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˵Ȼû⣬Ƕǡ
ͷ˵飬ֽͱʡ
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ӹһҳǩֽѸдһȻһҳֽ£ݸӡ
ֽӹֽһƣЩɵɫʱһ㶣۾ҲȻһɣȻľϲ֮ɫ
ʵ̫ˡԳƵǾ֮ʡǶһʵ̫ˣһ׳ܼ˷ܵ˵֮첽ȥ
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ΪӦʱûõɣϾ£һóҲû塣
ϣܹվء
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ֻ뾡һܾ֣һ˿ӡ
ֻ˵ˮƽ̫ˣһѶȵУҪѶȵĲС
Ѷȵôڵ˼άƽʱԾ˲٣ʼûЩż
ʱֻΧȺһ
վˣ̫ˡ
ףСӡҺӡ֮ǰһΪķǳãֻǿϧˡһ϶һθаաпͷˡ
ûһϳʱҲˣдúãھͿһˡ
ߵ룬ܶ˶ϳ֪Ѿǵڶγˡ
ЩΧˣҲ˵ĿУ֪ǵڶϳ
ڶϳ϶һθаաˣֳȫڴ
Ǽ״ҲǾһվˡ
֮ҲһЩˣһγ֪ˮƽͣиڴϣܹΪһ˿档
ڿܵУֻиսûŹ
ӵڶγҲ֪Էһε϶һθѣ˿壬ЦǺǵ˵̨ǵڶγˣֵõʲǫ̂д
˷֮ȴǲɫЦҵȷֵõһٴǰ̨̡
˵ֽ꣬дһչʾһǣȮ˪ţһ·÷Ҷ
ԭЦе񶫣ڿ֮͵ľһͻϵЦҲʱһܿͱιȥ
Ц˵̨һǺ
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ˣҲû̫ģоӦܹԳ
ڷת
ֳĶǣһĥҲľ֮ȫһЦ˷ܵ˵ãð̫ˣҲλó
˼ȷ̫ˣһΣǼһܱζǳˡ
ֳͨοǣȴһʱ֮ûпףСֹɶ˼û̫סЩô˷ܣѵǳã
ԱжǵֹЦŽ͵˼˵һ˪ϣ͹߹һصĽӡĽӡ÷ĽӡҶǡȮ˪ţһ·÷Ҷû뵽Ȼܹ˾
ͨοͺϸһ룬ᵽľʱҲʮֵ˷ܣԽԽˡ
϶ȦӣֳĴʱҲ˷ܵ˵˳սˡңһξܹǼһ׳ܼҶϸ˰ǡȮ˪ţһ·÷Ҷ
Ƭ֮϶ʱһƬڡ
⡭ʵ̫ˣλʦİ
һǼһ԰ܱʱ㹻ܶԳ⾳ϾͲ˵ˡڣҪʱڶԳǲܵġĶʦ
ðܹѵǼһˡֳλѣ˶ͣԵĸְ
Ͳ󰡣ҲͶʮɡ
ô᣿ڵĸֶô𣿡
ûãֻǳӦһбá




һǧһʮ ֮ĶԾ
ֳ
ڼ˼ˬҪһʧˡ
ȻԼҲͬŬ˼
ͨοȻҲϣܹһ֣ӮҲνֻҪ㹻ʾС
ȺУʵܶԳ𣿡
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һϲֵˣ˾ͺá
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룬˵⵹ǣҹˣ϶սһ֣
ͷܰɡ
룬񶫰һ˿żܶԳһʱܲˡ
ԺҪץסʲôˣȴʼҪôһ㡣
ʱһһĹȥڵӵʱʱ䣬ûжԳ
ðֳĶһڰһ֣ȻһõĿʼҲһ˿
ͨοǼȸź˵ˣڲһ浹ľ棬֮ǻӾʡ
źȻˣʤ¼˶ʮ֣ûܼȥ
һìܵۺ塣
̾һЩʡκƣӮ˶ʮ֣վˡ
˵̨һʵˣǲͷ̨úáʱٶһЩ룬ܹԳġ
ӼԷȻˣȴǹ䣬Ҳһ˿øУЦ˵̨һȻˣȴҡʵ˵һǳ֣֮Ҳ軨׷ˡ
Ŷһ˵񶫺ֳ˶һ㶣⵹û뵽ġ
㶹֮ȴһϲģĪǳλ֣֮һԼһˣҲûʲôˡ
գæ˵֪һ˭̨ɷ֮
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ͷֻһȻһɧȫŤͷǰҵĿҪһλĸģʲôģ
ֻһʱˣǸͲʶλˡǿˣҲϲ
Ҳһ㶣Ȼ΢΢ЩʧȻֳӦþͲˡڻˣһͨĶ
һ룬ֳҲãܹ˭Ҫǣлؾ档
˵Ȼˣǲ̨֪ɷһ£Ҳĳ֪Լ˭
гӦûɣ֮ǰԸԳжԭ򣬵ѾӮˣӦþûʲô˰ɣҲһӦġ
˵Ӧû⣬ȥѯһ˼
˵꣬뿪ӣ߽ȺȻֱ˵ķȥ
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΢΢һЦ˵֮ǰллˣλϰĻҶˣȥ
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ѾӮԼˣһСӣЩƣҲӵĲĵôһСӣڶж裿ոյȷӦż֮һ֤ĶˮƽжߡողԳӦûӰɣҲͬ˵ԼûʲôġӮȴܳΪĸоôףϰؾ档
룬ȴѾЦǺǵӭȥЦոյԭǳ̨̨֣֮ز¶񶫣̨
ͬǺЦԭ֣һּЦˡ
ֵԭ֣ǫˣֵĶǳߡǰżһ˼գȴʼ޷ó֪ǷԸͽ̣
񶫵Ļ˵ֳ꣬˵һƬȻ񶫵ﲢҲҪһסԷ˾˸ƽ֡
Ȼû˵ԷҪڶʱڶԳӮҶ֪ӡ
Ȼûʲôףϸ˵˫һƽġ
Ǹˣ£Ҳܲܣȫ֮ĶԾкϷˡ
Ȼֻ˵Ȼˣǻ˵ԵһԣԽ֮ǡ
٣ӷǳ˶˵Ҳø˷ܡ
ʵһĻһĻ



һǧһʮ ʮ֮ٴ
ϡ
Ҳڳֳ
ԽԽ˼˰ԭˣֻû뵽Ȼһˡ
Ǹ񶫵˲ҲھͿǸˣܹܲԳˣ
һ㲻ɷϣ˵Ķˮƽܸߣһ˵ĶԾǻ൱ľʡ
ֳѣɵüʱµչô˵أˡ


ֳ
񶫼ԷһʮŵӣһЦĵȻ㻹᲻ţ
գҲ飬ԣʿʼд
д֮һչʾһǣˮ½ޣۣͣ޲С
ȻЦеĿ˵֣ɣ˼ҲûܶԳԵм
⻰ֱֳƲ죬ȫ룬˵ƯʵѾƶ˼ҶԲˡȷǳ÷ǳƯҲѶȣˣҪӵʱԳѶȼ󡣡
ֳĶҲȻϲϣȮ˪ţһ·÷ҶͬУޡ롰ۡͬĳожϼѵҪӵʱڶԳ൱ѡ
ͬʱҲＫ˼
ϵĶǣʱҲͬڼ˼
˵ĿⶼϣһЦ˵ֵȷҪԳȷʵѶȣҲȫûа취
⻰һ񶫺һ㶣ʲô˼ѵѾԳˣô죿ôܣ
ȴѾߵߣʿʼд
Ƭ֮±ʣ˵ҿ𣿡
Գˣĺɵ߹ȥɲŶԷôܶԳ
Ȼߵߣֽһƣ۾ʱһͻǲ˼Ŀһۡ
ʱֳ˲ˡ
˵ǲԳ˰չʾ
ǰô˶ء
񶫿ɬһЦдչʾ˿˵Եǣĸ󣬸룬ɸδɡ˶̵ʱڣͶԳĳ֡
ȻĶԳˣ֮ѷɫ֣ͬɳ1ҵʱɣˣز¶ֳ뵽
ǣиǾȺǻû뵽һͷԷȴѾԳˣʵ̫һ㡣
һ񶫾ˡֻǣƺȻЩģƬ̣ЦǺǵ˵ֹȻñ£ﻹһҪ̣֪ɷ񣿡
ֳһҪǺ°
ԽԽá
ֳ˷ܲѣǿ֣Խ֣ԽȻԽ˷ܡ
˿ֳǵˣֿ˿񶫣ͬЦȻдˣԵ㡣
һϲĵӦ˾ͺãһһѲס㡣
漴ЦֹȻˬ죬ȻˣôҾٴ׳ˡ
˵꣬д꣬סס¥ҲסεΣ
д꣬չʾһ֮Ц֣룡
˼Ƭ̣һЦͬд۳۳۳ˣϣۣۣۡ
θҲĲģǿƴʦҶԷűҪСü꣬ôأ
ҧҧдһǧשʮ
һ˼֮һ۶֣ңͨš
ľҧдһԾˮŴʮ֡
΢΢һЦ֮Ѽ˫һֻ
񶫼Ȳʣ޺ɽ߲ǧӡ
ߵ飬֮һŮ£˼濾ꡣ

һдҲԥ
ֱֳ˿һһ㶵ģкˡ
ֱٶȣҲˡ
˵ʱֻһͷʣʵ̫ˣǰδеľʣ
þʣ㿪ʼһһдƾʣÿһѶȶ͡
ΪʵģȴԵÿһ˲ԳңǳߣԵ÷ǳ
񶫺Ӹǿš
Ҫ֪ǳǶ
񶫿ãڳ̾һ˵ˣڶϵ裬Ҫ̫߳࣬ٱȥҲûκε塣ʵˡ
䣬޲п񶫲Ķ̫
һЦ˵֣ˡֵĶˮƽʵ͡
񶫿ЦֱȽͲԶˡδȫֿ֪ɷ֪
һߵߣֽдһ֣Ȼȴǲûչʾ˿
ǵһī֮󣬽ֽһۣݸ춫Ц˵ʮֽ֮չִ֪Ӧ
ĵɻ󣬲׶ԷҪԼʮ֮ٴʲô⣿ֽӹ˵ȻֵҪԵˣַģʮ֮ٴ򿪡
ͷ˵ȻˣôǾʹ˱ˣټ
ټҲæ˵
֮ܵ˵Ȼһ߳Ⱥɽķȥ
Ҳ׷˵ټŹͽкոյĶԾʵ̫ˡ
ȻϣܹٶԾȥҲ֪ǲܵˡ
˸ոյľʣѾ㹻ˡ



һǧһʮ ˶ܼ
ֳ
˶Ѿ뿪ȴûߣȻۼ²ŸոЩʵĶ֮⣬оµţʮ֮ٴ򿪵ֽϣдЩʲô
ΪҪʮ֮ٴ򿪣
ҼǵдЩ֮ǰȫֽӦþ˰ɣ
ֱ˵Ϊθôأ
УֽӦòֻ֡ΪȻдЩʲôȴóд˲ٵ֣ȻͲֻˡ
дЩʲôҷǳҪ֪
˱ǰֽ򿪣һѾˣǰҲ֪
񶫾ܾˣȻӦ˶ԷԶţ
ʵֳκһˣҪ֪浽дЩʲôҪŵԡ
ʱҲڰѸոǳʵĶԾȫϣ˵ʵ̫ˣþʣǶԵþʡңٶȿҶʱڣԾѾˣλҲѾˡͰɡ
ûãȦӳըˡ
Ҳ̫ţˣûֳڽЩܹõֳľʡôûȥ̩ɽôʵĳôˣ˰
ǰûֳʵ̫źˡ
Ӵֶ֮ôྭĶǵˣֻǿϧûۼ֤ǵĵ
Ǹ񶫵˹ȻֱʣǾ벻ôʵģֲ֮ǰܹӮʮ֡˵ǣǸӣѾܹáˣֱ찡
ȵȣȵȣ˵дʦʵǸӵʵԻҪ̫߳ࡣӣʵɲ⣿ޣѵǾûһ˵𣿡
Ҳ˵⡭ⲻܰɣôͻȻ̩ɽ£
ϸոˣֻ˭̩ɽ²֣ϴλͻȻھǵ·ءˡ
ԶԶԣĻαɾʹͬˡҲǸ񶫵СҪˣֱӶԾһôʵĳ棬𶼲а
侲侲侲ֻǵĲ²⣬Ǹ뿪֮ǰǸһҳֽʮ֮򿪡ֽ֮һоͻˡȵȣȵȣڵȵȣѾûмˡ
ҲҸоԽȼˣҲԽԽûȥ̩ɽˡλֳֵܣֽ֮дʲôݣһҪڵһʱ֪

ϵĶǣµݣֳĶǣȻҲܹµ
ôᣬˮƽ֮ߣټʮ֮ٴֽ
ЩϵҪ³ݲѡ
֮ǰûв³ֻΪǸûҲ͸ûǷȥ롣
ڣˣԽԽòԾǸֻ˭
˵ʲôոǸǡǡǸովȻֳ֤ĶԾ⡭⡭Ϊβ˵
侲侲侲ȲҪҲֻǲ²⡣
ò²⣬Ӧþˣϸһ룬ֻ˭ܹǺЩϧǾѵ̫ˣ˭뵽أ
Ҳⲻİɣ쾹ȻⳡԾֻΪһμѻǶֳļ֤ߡ⡭⡭Ҹ̫ͻȻ
侲侲ڱϾֻǲ²⡣ȵһֽ֮һȻס

ոֳֶߣһ˲ʹֳ
Ȼڻֻǲ²⣬ȴѾʮֵ˷ܡͬʱûڡ
ֳкܶȻƽʱԶȤֻԶͯʫʡ֡С˵ȵȣÿһ򶼿ƾԵĴʦټȫѾʼԵũׯѾΪ˴
ֳÿһˣķ˿Ϊ֣ΪΪԵũׯֻΪĶֻȫݡ
ոգǵľ֮
˵У˷ܺͼˣȻˡ
˵Ǹʱ˲ȫˣֻоԴȫͣ˼ά·ֹͣһ㡣
˺һ֮˲΢һ㣬ȻԽԽǸˣпܾֶּ΢΢
ֳֻǼ֤ߣȴֱӵĲ߰
չһԾȻķǳף١
ңܸߣҲһԾ˾ʵԭ֮һ
һ£̫ãûȤ֮
ôһʶԾҲ͸ˡ
ԣⳡԾݵĽɫҲǼҪġ
Խ룬񶫾ԽǼ



һǧһʮ ٰ
ϵĶߣֳˣ˷ܣҲܼ
һǰᣬǱǸոӣľ
ȻѾܿ϶˾Ͼֻǲ²⣬Ҫõȷʵ֤Ҳܼ򵥣ǱµֻֽҪ򿪣Ӧþͻд𰸡
ˣ˵ĿȫһֽϣʱҲڿҪȥʮˡ
ʱԽԽ񶫵ҲԽԽ죬˲ոյĶԾӦҲڶȦһʱ䣬еһжȫͬոյĶԾ;ԲֻڶȦˣ񶫺пҲɲš
ʮӵʱ䵽ˡ˷ܵĺһ
ڵˣ򿪴򿪣򿪣˺
˵۾ȫ˷ܡڴɫֻΪǸǲĴ𰸣ֽϵдЩʲô
񶫳һǿѹԼĽźͼ˵һҾʹˣһ֤ɡ
ȻЩֽ֣չ
˿һ̣˲͵һΪݣΪ䡰֡
ֻһֽϵ֣ʺīԾâѣ鷨ҵķ緶
ǲ鷨ˣҲܿЩֵĲ
ʱҶѾף֮ǰʱдЩֹ׾ˡ
ĸпҵעֵϡ
ԴΡ̩ɽ£ֶһǳˣһˣˮ䡯
֣
һг䶨ոӣ
˵˸ոյ˷ܺͼһЩѹƣôھѾ׵ͷˡ
Ƕֳۼ֤ˣһעᱻΪѻĶԾǽ̩ɽľϲˡ
񶫵˫ֲڼĿƣȻ
СİеֽغãԿ϶һֽԺ󣬾Լֵǡ
ԺֵٶǮҲȥΪŶ˵ֵǮζԾУĶ֮⣬Ϊǡ֡֡
֣⻹ûأ
ǣ֣ϽóһءϽٿ

񶫰ֽΧ۵˲ˣŸոտһۣûкúõͣôأ
ȴǲΪ˵λλݴҶѾˣҲûбҪٿ˰ɡµҶѾ˰ɡûмҲûйϵͰд
Уɿ飬ȻȫˣﻹҪд
ȻУмô֣ʱûףʲô˼
Ȼоʱ
ȵȣҲ֣ѸոֽҲˣ֮ǰʱдЩأôһŶˣҲȫˣȺУͻȻ˵
һﾪˣҼæڳϣѰոд
ЩȻ鷨ϲ׾վױд
һԾעΪѻôױдЩضͻŷǳҪ壬Ҳŷǳղؼֵ
ң׾дЩΪһεĶԾӵ塣
ȵԺЩ˵һǧҲΪ
ܹղһԻȦӵˣĽּʡ
ǣ˰ѳеģдֵֽһ飬дЩȴһҲûп
֣ȫƵĿ񶫡
æȼЩȻǱȫˡ
֮ǰ˵Ǹ˺пʱڼ֮࣬˼һ뵽һ㣬æŴҴ˷ܼ֮УɫĽдЩȫ
Ϊ벻Щأڿ˺޲óɫ֪޷Щˡ
ڣѾҪģʱдֽЩֳȥҲۡ
ֻǣһֻд˰˾ֳˣȴˣǰǰ˾ȫֿһһ֣Ҳֲ
ӦǺã
ͻȻ˼һæ˵λλҪ˵᲻ЩֻǴҶ֪һֻд˰˾ôˣһһ֣Ҳֲǡ
ǳᣬٰһζһٰ죬ÿٰһÿһĹھĽƷһдΣ
ֳһ룬Ҳԣһֻд˰˾Ҫη֣
ٰҲȷһ⡣
ڶ˵һʢ¡
ͨο˵ҲֿɿȻҲȥֻױ̭ˡ
ʱ˵ֵãûҪЩƾ汾ȡ֣ûţǵȷĶ֣ҪǳμӣЩ𣿡
⻰һܶ˷׷׳͡
񶫵ǵģЩһﵹҲ֪֪֮ҵĶ֡ҿǺԽֵˣȥ۸ǣ
գЦǺǵ˵ҴɷģεĶҾͲμˣΪһ֤ߺͼලߡңǻ涨ÿһĹھټԱ֤һа˸ͬˣֱõǰ˾Σ
ã죡˷׷ͬ⡣



һǧһʮ ˮ
ֳ
˷׷ٰͬһζдǰ˾ĹȨ
ǷǹٷҲǷʽıҲûôɽֻҪֳˣԲμӱ
ڱķʽҲ̶ʱҼ
ڣ˾ȴ׼ʼһˡ
֮ǰһҪ飬ǱоһµǸʲô˼
Ѿд˳ˮ䡣
߸֣ɰѴŪЩͷת
ǶͷתͨοȻӲ
ſһֻоͷͣȫ֪ʲô˼Բȥ룬һ죬һߵű˽
񶫹۲һ֮󣬳λҸоµ򵥣ҪԼȥϾ䣬ƺжֲͬĶϷ⣬䡮ּɶzhaoҲɶchao֣ͨǼ临ӡ
һ˵ϸ۲죬ڿһŵˡ
˵֣ɿһֶˣ
񶫵ͷôˮ䡣
һ˼ʱˣһס
֮޲̾;
ȴһ̾˵ľ棬ֻڴˣҶˮ䡣
һȫһݲͬĶͶϾ䣬ȻܹϴɣͬĶԢ⡣
񶫵ĵڶֶ˼ͬˣһܹף˼ȴһֶͬ
Ҳ˰ɡ
ֻڴˣֵĶֹ֣֡֡ࡣֶֻֻܹĶˮƽȻҪ߳ҵ̫̫ࡣ
ʲôֶ֣֡⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣ⡭⻹ܶԳ𣿡ȫһһ㶵ġ
Ķ֮ǰ˵ֱû
ôֶҪôֻȡһֶѾѶˡ
ôֶпܶԳ
ѵһ͡һҲǧžԣû˵
Ҳ׷׵ͷϿɣҲΪġ
񶫳ǲǧžԣڿܻ˵׼һԿ϶Ǳһζ磬ҪһΡʱʢˡеĶʦǣҪһϲˡ
ֵʱʢǵ˷뼤Ѿ޷
˺һ֮񶫲˵λһľȻһʱܹĦ͸ģǾҰŵһߡͿʼıɡ
ʽҲи飬ܲĵһȮ˪ţһ·÷ҶҵΪֹûԳ
ҪһԴΪ⡣Ҷ˭Եã˭ǹھܹõ֮ǰдһΣ
ãû⣬ô졣һڶǷ׷ӦʣԾԾԡ
һͱȿʼ

ֳıѾʼʱϣǣҲͬǳ˷ܺͼ
ֳĴֳȫϡ
ȻҾ֪һġֳٰĶµǰ˾ˣȥ̩ɽμӱ޷ӮҲҪȥһֳա
군ҲҪȥ첻ֳʵ̫źˡȥ
ˮ䡯һ⼸ҽȰѧһʵĶԾһ׾⼸ʱ䣬ҪΪ𣿡
ҽʱ򣬶ѾΪɡȻּһѻʹյĸˡ
Ϊϲǣ⼸ʵ̫˷ܣ̫Ҹˡǿô࣬ƽʱעˣ⼸Ҳøעʱ򡣡
ˮ䡣ŪͷΣһǵſʦĽɡ

ֳԼˮ䡣Ȯ˪ţһ·÷Ҷµں̵ܶʱڣͳ״ˣȦӡ
ܣ档
˵̩ɽµ¼ҲͬѸٴ
Ҳô̩ɽȥˣ
ߵ൱ְ
⼸죬ҽȰѧһ£ܵҹ㷺Ĺעȥ̩ɽҲΪȰѧһ𣿡
ƽʱȻԶûȤôоһεĶԾ¼ǳʵӣ
ҲĸоϲңȻźһεĶԾ
ԭܼıʲôʱ򵥹
Ǹ񶫵˲ȻʸΪĶ֡
СҪˣ֪Ҫɷˡ




һǧһʮ 
ʥ壬Եǰ
֣ЩεЦô˵СӲᰲɣŵڶ죬ָô󶯾
ҲЦһֵСӡһεĶԾ濰ƾʡҲ˵µǸ񶫵ЩҲܲǸڶϵ裬Ҳˡ
֣ͷȷҪĻСҲûȤ֡˵Ȯ˪ţһ·÷ҶһȻʮ־Ҳ̫ѶԡȻˮ䡣һ˼ˡĳЩ̶ϽһҪ
ȷҲСһһĶҲ塢֣ȤȤ
֣ȷҲ塢֣ܳʮ֡ҪԳѶȿɲһĴ󡣡
Ǿ𣿡
֣ڻ˵оӦòǾ
ЦôҺܺ棬˭ܹԳһ
֣ҲЦҲܺ棬кܶ˶ˡϣǸҡ
ֵ֣ҿ㡣
֣ȴҡͷѣѰ

ħ䣬ؼұ
ȨЦϸ磬ŮȤȰѧûгһˮ䡣ĶǼδδţգգ
ЦǺǵ˵СӾǰͷһȷǾǴ۽硣ܺãܺãԡֳ֮Ѷȼߵ
ȨϸܶԳ
ҡͷڲ˵һѶȴӱϿȡ󡣲ľԣһδأֻѶȼ󰡣
ȨЦȤ𣿡
ҹһЦֵþûսĶˡСӲ

ֻ֣ࡢҡȨˣģеĴʦ򡰺ˮ䡱һϲ
ǶԶжӣżһ֮⣬ȤǣһѶȸߵȻǧټƵĶԳ
ѶԽߵԽȤҲԽ˷ܣԳʱϲͳɾ͸ҲԽǿҡ
ڣˮ䡱һϾͶѾ˷ܣҪԳ˵һǰδеս
սǳ˸ɾȫĵͶ뵽оС
֪ʱкܶ˶оҶһԳ
ô˭һԳҾֻĿԴˡ

̩ɽ¡
ĵһѾ
һĿǣԳȮ˪ţһ·÷Ҷ˭Եã˭ǹھ
ڶֻ࣬ǶǣƽʱԶȤοǣҲԾԾԣԵòҲˣΪβһأ
پУݺĻ봰󡣡ɹӱҹΪõ
һ˽Ǳˣ֮ǰյǸˡ
һĶߣڶϵˮƽΪͣǰ̩ɽΪѰȰѧж
֪ǸΪ֮ˣڿ֮ΪǶˣʱ˵±Ƴ̶ȣ񶫲١
ȻƺΪǶ˵ȥ˭ţ
ҲȻͬ˵һ㣬û˿ļӣͬͨͨһһ㡣
Ǵе߾˰ɡ૵
֮ǰһλǳҫ۵ܹУڣˡ
֪ǲΪƺΪǶԭڵһУˮƽӣȻˡݺĻ봰󡣡һٶ
˼Ľ񣬺͹ϲУѡдģһŮ£˼濾ꡣһ
һѡߣ˰̾ϲҲһ䡣
⵹˵һԵãΪϲһ˼
ϲ̵İСķźãȻ뿪ֳɽ϶ȥ
ʵ֣뵽ѾɽɽϻٴżһҲסĴҴɽȥ
ˣֳĴȴûߣǻ׼μı
һΪھƷջ̫󣬶ǳٰ֣ıҲйأѰеĴûᣬȻˣֺαɽء
֪ҪڽıУùھѶԽԽˡ
ΪԽԽĶߣֱ̩ɽԤǣڽıУԽԽ࣬ھȴȻֻһѰ
ǲ˷ˡ



һǧʮ һ
̩ɽɽϣĳһ
ֻ˼Ƭ˸
ռô˵ֻҪλֻһܹĳƬĸоЩ˵
鿴ֻƬƲƲ죬˵
ķ羰ܲڴפ㣬һһЪϢ
Ҳѡͣ̫뿪֮ɽµӦûȽ־ˡ
ЪϢһ֮˼ɽȥͣͣһ·̩ɽصΡ档
ʱ䵽磬̩ɽĶԽԽ࣬Ǿۼ̩ɽ£ʹ̩ɽµֱҲѾ̩ɽ칫ҡ
ѧ̩ɽĸ֮һҪгӪ
ҵľԽԽ󣬻شﲩξǳ࣬ҺܶྰԼصľ㡣
ΪοͣνǸУֶþ
̩ɽΪ֮ףСµһɽͷνʮʮ
ȻЩͷЩͷκ˶֪οϣûʲôʵԵĴá
ҪοͣͱͷС
ֻǣõͷôŪģΪ£ѧûԽ
̩ɽվ̩ɽǻľ֮һȻοȡµͻƣҲܹȶһУõο
Ȼ̩ɽֻڴˣοǰ̩ɽһֱŬȥ¡
ǰ죬ҽȰѧùѧĵ۾
ΪϿкö˶˵Ҫ̩ɽѰС
һϢ
ͳ̩ɽοȷʵԵ
ȻȲ󣬵վһϢ
磬̩ɽµĶԾһ£Ѹٴ磬ùѧͻȻ˼󶯣ƺץסʲô
ܣոյõϢӽ12㿪ʼοͻȻ12㵽3㣬Сʱοͬڵ屶˵
屶ѧʵһʵȫǶߣ
ӦòǣӦҲͨο͡ңЩܹô͵ԶǾ벻ԶˡҹƵʱࡣ
ѧĵͷ׼˵ԺкȻһոƺҪץסĳֶѾʵʵץסˡ
ѧ˷ܵ˵С̣ߣȥ񶫶Ծֳ
Щ̫ףѧΪʲôͻȻô˷ܣȴ˵õģܡ

̩ɽֳԽԽۼжߣҲͨο͡
ıҲѾչʱʹ֯ߺˡ
һ죬νǷޣЩĽĶǣǳĸкʺá
˳ơ֡˵˺ʦֱĻŭţһӻͷһ⡣
Ե񶫣˵
⻰Ѿ˲֪ٱ飬Ȼ⣬̬ȴŵúܵͣ˵ӵң񶫣֪ǣ
Цá̩ɽ칫ҵĲǹҪһ֪ɷ񷽱㣿
һȻ֪Էеġܡʲôݣ̩ɽ칫ҵĵλ֪͡Ϊ£
Ȼɻȴǲҵ˵Ȼ㣬֪ʲô£
ܾǱߣʱ֪ˡ
񶫵ͷŲһͤ
ѧĹһЦ˵ǱǸֻȽϰ
æܿˣ֪ʲô£
ѧĵģĶԾν൱ʡ뿪֮ʱһֽСˮ䡯һ
Ǿ׼Ծĵطһ㣬ʱԵȫӡһʯϡ
ȻҪǣҪʱµһֽϵݣȫġԣҪһֽһãȫġ֮赹黹׼ʡ
ԭһ£׶Էˡ
񶫼ܾ
ǿһ㣬֮ǰţԼôһ졣
˵ԭ򼸺ٷ֮ٶΪԺοҲǳ
ΪĶ֣һε¼УҲǱزٵĴڣ̸¼̸ʱ򣬶ȻҲ̸ͬ
Ѿ
ǣ޵һ㣬ܹԶȥҪˡ
飬֮ǰ
ô¾֣ѧıʾ⼸죬ڱѡе֣һֽ



һǧʮһ ʫһ
ѧĻص칫ңŴ񶫴ֽסְ֣̾Ρ̩ɽֱӳգգ
֮Ҫһ㣬Ȼ¾Ϊͷοǰ
뷨ȻǷǳõģֻһ⣬ҪֽϵӡһҵֶΣаˮ䡱һͱõȨС
ڵѾҪõϵʽѣѧĶùϵûл̫ʱ䣬͵õϵʽ
Ȼ΢ЩŵԲͨĵ绰

죬̩ɽ˽һʵĶԾһ£ϵĽ¼֮һ
һ¼ڽʱϣ̩ɽٷ񶫶Ծĵطһ㣬վͽ
ͬʱ¾֣ձߣ̩ɽǮֽ
Ϣһ۷׷ס
Ҳ̩ɽĶİһʱ䲻Ҫ¾ˡҲѹ֣̩ɽôߣ̶ܴ϶ΪȻҪץסһ㣬ԱԺܹʱο͡
ҵľԽԽң̩ɽһεȻȥ̩ɽƾЩˡ
˿Ӱ治һĴ󰡣
ҲһСӸĽ˰
ΪڻŬ뾰ְɡǮأ˵һʾ޿
ԶԶԣ֣һѡءٺ٣


̩ɽɽϡ
̩ɽȻҪһ㣬Щ⡣
ٺһЦ˵ҵľԽԽңʱѰңµͷο͡ͻȻôһͷ̩ɽȻҪץסһ򵥵ľ㣬ֻ˶ǮѹΪʲôأ
ƲƲ죬˵ðɣӦÿҪɽ˰ɣ
ͷˣ໹һСʱ
һ·ͣͣ5ʱ˵̩ɽ֮ۡ
ȥ֮ǰԤõǼҾƵ꣬סڷ΢Ϣһ֮˳˾Ƶꡣ
վ̩ɽۣ֮ԶԴȺɽص۵ףӲɽ룬ڲãƺ֮ʱʱ֣ʱһ֮£˭ĺ顣
ʱب̩ɽ֮۵οѾ٣һο͵ӣǲ׼ɽġ
ôѡסһҹѵΪ翴ճ
϶ԭ֮һ⣬סһɽɽԲżߣá
ͷʱ˵Ѿۼ˺ܶοͣȫ˷ܵıŴʱ˿̵ĸܡ
˵ʱεĺǸ˵ʫԴ󷢣Ҫʫһס
ֵܻʫֱɧѽһףô͡
Զԣ˾бŷʱֵܣһס
˵ҪʫԱв
˵ҪʫΧ˵壬΢΢һ죬ƨʫ
װƶѣֺαôأ
ȿȣһӦδʾܾԼӣͻȻ䣬ԴһĳУһʫƺҪ
ɰһ漴һ˷ܣҲĪʫ츳ֻǰûб
˵ǸȻдˣҾ׳ˡǸոһ
ֵܹȻɧѽɣɣء
ʫǺǺãҲһѣɡ
֮˵û뵽˻ҪʫǱֻոֶѡ
ȻҪʫȻ֣ȻȤһ
ҲǺһЦһ¸飬Ȼ
̩ɽ֮۸ɽ
ƺã䡣
˵Ԩ
ڴЦա
ȴ顰ڡһЦסЦûãǿǿôһ¶
ҲЩݸҪȻֻգʫʫҪ
Ȼܵ˷׷Ц
ֵܣôһ¶ǵڶ䣬ƺã䡯һ񡣡
úã̩ɽ֮һʫЩо
ֲôɧϲʫԣ£ֻʫʣ㷢еĸпֻǿϧ۲ѧǳȻҲôһס

˸ͽкãܴҶ֪ʫʵǲôҲ⣬ƫƫȴвʱ˵
ոҲʫЦˡ
˵üͷ΢΢һ壬Ťͷķȥ
ȴжʮˣ



һǧʮ 
Ťͷжʮͬʱ΢΢һ㶡
Ϊ˶࣬ʮˣ·һʲô壬ŮУҪһЩǶʮֻ꣬ʮˡ
ո˵֮ˣӦþǰһӣΪڼ˵˿ǲ٣ϧʫȴʵǲҹά
⻰ֳüͷ壬üͷҲһ壬ߵ˭ѽǣ
ոʫɫЩ죬ֱ˵ӣȴ֪νӻ
Աһʮҵӣü˵ˣڴʫ벻ãθɣ
ƺ֪ԼոյĻѾ˵Ĳ벻˵ʫȻ޹أɼȻˣҪôҲҵ²ǡ
㡭һϣһʱ֮Ҳ֪νӿˡ
֡ʱ򣬶Աһ΢һӺһȻ΢ЩǸ˵λǸǸʵûʲô⣬ֻǲ̫˵ʲô֮λ£ҵǸˡ
⻰˵ɫһǸ֮Ϊ֡ӣһҲûټ˵ʲô
һС˫ԩ޳ģҲΪ¼
ֻǸոʫˣȻЩҲˡ
Ա˼״ЦֵܣòŸһʶ̩ɽ֮ĿĪҪúúõܵƻǡ
ոʫЦŵ˵ͷ˵ͷ羰¡
̩ɽ֮ϣͷ羰ѵص㣬ԴοͶۼոһˣҲֻͣ˵ľ΢һԶ
֣ʫʲôǶЩͨˣͲʫⲻǸԼûȤô
ǣ֣־͵£ǿʫˣôҲеƸǡ
ֻһʱûסˡôõʫȴһȺкãǵġ
ֱ֣˵˼ҵʫãʵ֮ߣԼҲʹͬʱôˣֺαأ
Ŷ˼Īʲôϲߣ
ȻȻһʫãΪβԼһʫֱӵʫ˭˭Իֱ档ֲ˵һ仰øոʫԲҲ˹Ŀ࿴
װҾͷ֣֣ոȷʵ֮ߡ
⻹򵥣ʫ̩ɽΪ̩ɽ֮ʫλֵʫһףҲһȺ˿һʲôʫ
˸ոյ飬Ȼˡ
֣ɣﲻˬǾͰѻøˡ
ȻˣҲͲˡ

ʫ磿ͷȻʫˣҲרҵʫˣֲһôš
һ˵̸ȴ
кܶʫʰߣصʫҲв١ֻʫ粻ܽȥġ
ҲҪﵽרҵʫˮƽʸʫ硣
ԣǽ뵽ʫˣʫʷۣٶһЩ
ʲô˰ʵ
΢΢һЦ˵ʫˣƺҪʼʫˣҲһ
ʫ磿ʫһȤ˵ѽҵҪʲôʫ
Ϊ֡ˣʱ˿һˣС˵һ䣬һ¡
ַģȻסһɵ˵
ɹ˵̩ɽۣ֮˺˾ʫ֣ƽʱ˼άƣ֪ʱмѾ䣿
⻰һȻɹ˺ܶ˵ע⣬֮ǰʫˡ
Ȼûǣովλ֡Ļǵܲ
˼ƺλ֡ҲҪʫһˣȫ˶䣬ﶼ룬ܺãСӸոպЩˣǵҪһһʲôӵʫ
˵ƺˣһЦˡҸոյȷżУ䲻˵ʫжãٱЩνʫҪϲپˡ
ְѸո˵˳ЩΣĵôͲװΪһأ
ѾڣҲջأֻüȻˣǻгҵȺúõһǡ
ҲգҾгôһ
һҸоǳõе
ٶߣ㼫졣
Ȼһ䣬ѹ;
ʫʫʫ൱Ļʫ˱
˵ķһۣȻ˵ֻǱЩʫðˡ
һȴһȻ֪еЩʫʲôʫ
ֻȻΪЩ񣬵Ҳȴм汾£ӿ͹˵ʫȷ
ˣ˱䳰ȷ䣬Ҳֻգ߱ﲻ֮⣬Ҳûбʲô취



һǧʮ ʯ
̩ɽ֮ۡ
Ʋͨһʫʲô
ǿУôһ˼
ɲǣԱһҲ˵ҲʫҲǿǿʦʫֱ֮Ҳ֪Ϊʲôô⣿
ʲô취أһ˵ʫһ㣬ҲȷдúãǾٲҲֻܱ
ˣǵʫǾ͵ûһǵˮƽҲôԼȥɪˡһ˵
ʫдòãͲӦôɪ
ǺһЦ˵˼ҵ£ͷ羰Ҳˡ
ûλֵ˵Ĳǰúõͷ羰Ҳˣʫ벻ãҲͲһʱ˵
Ťͷȴոʫλ֡Ѿվ˲ԶĵطЦЦĿˡ
УոʫԼһ¶ˡ
˵Сӣûʲô£㻹ǿȥʫɡסСһ㣬ҪñʫӰ쵽ͷ羰顣
ûСӣϽȥ֪ɪʲô

֮Աǵķ׷˵ȴǲΪ⣬Щ⡣
ЩΪʫȲŹ˵ģĽǼʡ
ιҲΪ˵ɪΪŮ
֮ǰʱԶԶľע⵽Ⱥе飬Ȼݱñȥ˴룬ȴܹ϶һǵ
һ֮УŮ
Ц֮ǰ˵ʫûסԭ֮⣬ҲעĿġ
Ȼڵһʱע⵽Ļŭš
֮ǳɧĵһվʫȻҲнһע˼
ʫʱ򣬷ƺȽ棬и˷ܡΪԼѾɹע⣬ʶĲŻлʶһˡ
ʫ֮󣬷ǳɧܹҪʶһ¡
ȻȴǷǳĵƲƲ죬ֱۣ˼Ѿˡ
ʼ磬һĪӡ
һԥƬ̣˻ӪȻͼ֮
Ǳأ˹Ц
С쿪Ϊдʫ˼ŮĿ࿴ˣҪʶ˼ˣⲻǸЦ𣿡
˼ҿɲΪڸЦ˼ҺԸġ
˵ֵܣŮƯĽּʣҲѹЩ˴
ȷĽּʣ

Χ۵ĿһЦ˵λʵԼͦĽͼԼġ
Χһ㶣Ӧ֮޲Ц׷ŴĴָ˵ֵ˵úãֲܹ˹ء
ɫ΢Щߺģĸ첲Ϻݺһ
Ǳ˵ĹЦֵ֮ջһȺʫˣȻ˳Цǿɶ
֣ԭĿģŮǼƷһҲע⵽ˡ
֣ǽʫǽĹģ֮˵ŮͻǹĿ࿴ˡ
˵öԣʫʫѾʫԴˡ
ʫˣʮջӣ׷׿˵
һҲԣɲֻһˣôֱһʫʢᣬŮ
漴һЦ˵λֵܣŴҴʱУӦö˼Ѿ䣬гɡ̩ɽһʢᣬǾ̩ɽۣ֮һʫʢᣬʱ򴫳ȥǶȻҲһμѻ
ã˵öԣѡ̩ɽҲˡҸոҲżһʫλֵܸ
ãҶ֣룡

λ֮ΪҶ֡ˣʼԼĴ
ߵĺܶˣȴԵúܲΪȻ
Щ˻Լһ¶ˣΪѻ˼̩ɽµĶʢᣬܴ֮ΪѻΪòãЩ˼ֱ쿪
˭˵أ˶һ㣬ײʹʫܴΪѻĻѻҲ̫ˡ
ˣϿϢ˵һֽ뿪ķƺɽķҲ֪ûɽ
Ǹʱ磬Ӧɽ˰ɣǲ֪ʲôʱ뿪ģ
˵ûпܣҲ̩ɽסһ
˭֪أľͺˣĻ˵ʫһףҲһȺ֪ʲôŽʫ
ǣдͨͨʫԼˡǿһĺʫǻ治֪̩ɽķ羰Ϊʲôã
ףոλĽֵܺŮȥˣոڵİôһͲˣ
԰أʲôʱ뿪ģ
ܵȥ˰ɣñһЩ쿪˼ɧš
ţҲǡŮƯҲλֵܴȥ˲ٷհɡ
ףҿʯ֣Ҽǵ֮ǰӦûֵİɣѵҼǴˣ
ҼǵҲûְôͻȻˣ֡
أȿһдʲô

ʯϸһʱһΪݣЩʯ֣ͬӡȥһ㡣
ңԾâѣ̩ɽ֮۵Ǻϡ
⡭һʱ֮䣬ȫסˡ


һǧʮ ᵱһɽС
ʯϵ֣ȫסˡ
һΪӲʯҪ֣дôһܹġ
˭µЩ֣ɻ
ȿݰɣ֮󣬻ˡ˵
ͷ
ڷΣ³δˡ
ţʲô˼ѵһʫ
Ӧʫɣֻɶ˼
ɶ˼أȼ¿
컯㣬
ţһ䵹ǿܹ⣬ٿһ䡣
ƣ
ţһҲܹһЩֻƺܹȫ⣬һ䡣
ᵱһɽС
˵ǰ漸䣬Щȫ⣬ôһ䣬һ㶮
ң˲һһеĺ顣
أһ飬Ȼû˵û˽кã˾վ̩ɽۣ֮ĿԶȺɽ಻ʱʱ֣еɽͷڽ¡
һɽҽ£֮£˭ĺ飬ļ䲻ͣļһɲһĺƺҪӿмй
ָоǰδеĳˬĿ
֮ǰվôãûйǿҵĸܡ
ڣһ䡰ᵱһɽСǵľ͸ܣһּߵĸ߶ȣǺǳĴЦ
˺þã˵ļ΢ƽһЩ˷ܵķ׷˵
վ̩ɽۣ֮һʫһּµܡңǻֻһ䣬һָоǰ䣬ӦҲͬ
ǰϧǵʫˮƽվǲһЩ˭ܹһ¾ͺˡҸоľʫϵ˵ĸоӦøǿҡ
û뵽һʫȻܹЧЧʵ̫ˡ
ȵȣʫ˭дģʯͷûѵǡ
˵ǸոǸĽֵдģ
ܰɣ˵͸ոСֵϸ첲СȵģôʯЩ֣
⵹Ҳǣֻ˭أ˵֮ǰеģǾ͸Ӳ˰
ǹһ

ȫü˼ֳ΢İԶʫʫȴǴ˹
̧ͷȥݸһЦ֪ǲӦ˵һ䣬ˡ
ֻԷԼĴӣλ֡
Ƭ֮󣬡֡ϣΧк֮⻹ģĵһ
һۣȻͬʱЦ֮
ʫһףڵ⵱Уö洫Ц֪֮ǲЩˣܸоЩЦУһЩζ
漴һ˵Цʲô
໥俴һݸߵ˵ҲûЦʲôֻǾЩһʫƫƫһԵõģЩЦˡ
Ŷ𣿡Ҳ˵ҲҵʫȷЩãǲ֪ûһ׺ʫǿ۽簡
ݸӺǺһЦ˵⻹ˣߵȷһ׺ʫţԣǾõʫȻǾҲ֪ʲôĺʫǼۡ
⻰һ䣬ֻʫˣǡ͡һЦˡ
ȻͬԷµΪԷ˵⻰ҲȷʵǸЦˡ
Ͳʫʵˣ˵Լ˾ʫҪʫרҵʫˣúõļʶʶȷһЦ
סЦ˵ǲ֪ǵľʫʲôӵģ˵ԨڴЦաģ۹
ݸӵһЦ˵ʲôӵģһ֪𣿡
Цһ˵ɣϴǵĴɣǱ֤Ц
ݸͬһЦ˵ǾˡڷΣ³δˡ
Ȼǲȫǰʫ˼Ǿǰʫͬ᲻
ʫߣȻ֤˵ԲЦݸһʫ֮ͲʫˣǺЦˡ
Ц֮˵ȥʫɶ˼òΪһЩ֣Ƹܸߵһ𣬾Ǻʫ˰ɣ
һЩ˵Ȼһͻ΢ĥ֮ȫһŵĿ˶ԷһۣȻæֹ˵ķЦ˵֣λֵܣȲҪЦʫƺûô򵥡
ȴЩΪ⣬߰ʫεĲ򵥣
ЦݸӵﰵӣУ˵Լʲôרҵʫˣһⲻһʫ
ݸЦһ컯㣬
⡭
͸ոշЦĲʫˣһ֮Ҳ͵һͻЦˡ



һǧʮ һ
ݸӼڶʫƺЩȫһ£е⣬ƣ񡣡
һ˸͵һȻЩʫϵˮƽȷʵҪԶݸһˡ
ʫ⣬ȻҲҪöࡣ
ﲻŵĿݸӣԷܹʫš
ֻǣһʫǴӺζ
ﻹû⣬ԴͻȻˡһ£һѣΣһֲԼƵĺ飬м
ΪһʫʱԺ֮УֻһڲͣĻ죬ᵱһɽС
֮⣬ûб
ʫˣʱҲ࣬ԺҲȫǣᵱһɽС
ʫˣǱݸӵˣױʫȾ
ԣһʫǵ𺳣ʵݸӵ˻Ҫ
Ȼǲ룬ҲԸ⣬һɳĺ飬ĵ׶ǿơ
ݸߵˣԷһʫĿɿڴģȫǳĵ⣬һֲͬˬ֮С
ָоͬܡ
ȻһʫҲǳǵӪǡǳԣڵһߵһʯ֮
ǸոΪ˹۲죬˵ı仯עȫˣ˵ϡ
Բûע⵽ոݸʫʱԶѾվԽԽο͡
ЩοͶǸողߵһǡʫ
Ǻ飬ԸտʼҲûô⣬ǰʫƶǶҲ͸Ӳˡ
ȴ˭֪һʫͻȻȫˡˣͻȻܵһִδйĺ飬һ֡һɽСĺ顣
ǵкɡ
طʫôǿҵĸоھվ̩ɽۣ֮ᵽˣʲôһɽС
˷ܲѣȫû뵽ߵͻ˵һʫ
һǼӲǱˣɽйĴ
ӮˣһĹھõдһһŮ£ϵ濾ꡱ֮󣬱ҴɽϸϣҪһ
ϧ֪ߵһ·ɽ춼ûٴ
Ҳ֪;ɽǻɽסһ
ЩźܻɽסһõЪϢĵط̩ɽ֮ۡ
ǣ̩ɽۣ֮׼סһ֮ǰļƻҲǺϡ
Եһϡ
ݸһʫһʫ𣬼ѡ
ѸܵݸǰеʵǶոһʫʲô֣˭дģ
ݸӵܣģĿУͻʻŪ΢΢һ㶡
ܿͷӦݸЦλֵܣոҲʫˡʫֽ˭дģҲ֪
ֵ֪һˣʵʫģ
ݸһЦ˵ֵܣǿʯǲ֣Ҹոһʫˡ
⻰ôһʧĵȻǿʯͷʫӦʹˡˡ˺ʫ֮ǰΪû
ݸӵ˼ϵʧ֮ɫҲ֣СӸողǺ˷ôͻȻ⸱ģˣ
ЩʧĴߵݸָʯǰ׼һʫϾһ׾õʫ
ĿʯϵʱͻȻһ㶣Ȼһαʮּ
ΪʯЩֵּ翴ģһֽϵֵּʮơ
ǣһݸǰ˷ܵʵǶʯʫǲǸողдȥģ
ݸӵˣּ˻֣Сһһէģ׸ʲô
ݸӻǴӦǸдȥõİɣǲûע⵽ʲôʱдȥģҲûע⵽˭дȥġ
ûע⵽Ͷˡûʧ۾һʵô֮ǰûпһ⸽ֹӦøһ̫ñķǳƯŮӡ
ףݸӵЩĿ˴һۣݸ˵ô֪ģȷôһӣǻ˵أҶôһƯŮĽѡ
һ˷ܵǾʹˣԴˣһˡ
ݸɻֵܣʲôˣ֪Ǹˣ
ٺһЦ˵ӦÿʶɡңҿԸǣʯϵһסһȥġ
ݸҡͷӦòܣ֮ǰҲɹֻǣϸ첲СȵģôӲʯ֡
һЦ˵Ǿ͸ֻˡҪôӲʯϣдһʫǳܹ쵽˵еŷǳ֣˵˼֮֡ǰţڿʯϵһʫҵˡǴ
ֵܣȵȡôԽԽͿˣݸ˵Ȼʶȸ˭
ǺһЦ˵ǿ϶֡ǣʫʽĵһ˭
˭֪ݸӲԥֱӴ
ͻȻݸȻһϣŵ˵˵ǡǡ
ͷЦ롣
~һʱ䣬ݸӵȫסȫš



һǧʮ ʯ䱦ʯĽ
ݸӵأԲš
ǣһʫƺȷֻܹټǰĿ϶ݸӵˣ޷ŵʵ
ͻȻݸӵȫһιЦо֣ʵΪͻȻЦ
ݸӵոһλΪмʫŵġ֡Բѵ˵ʫʣ֪֪֮ʲôı飿
˵꣬ڴЩ㲻״ʱݸ˵ķ򣬴˵˵λ֣ǻعûУոʫô
ѾлعһЩݸӵʻϵɫЩ͸ӡ
ߵʫȷʫʲôõģ
ݸӺǺһЦ˵ʹˣʫȷߵһ
￴˿ݸӣмһЦֵΪ˵ǾͻЦ
ݸӲǷǳ˵һۣҲһۡ
ߵ˶Ӽۣ໥˵ͷߵһ۾һۣǵҪŪʲô飿
˵꣬ԼʫĶʮˣȫݸ˹
ݸӵЦǺǵİˣһʯǰ
ݸӵ˿ڣѾʯϵʫǸոһʫ
ԭһʫֽ˵ĵһͷ
ţЦһ˵ȻʯϵʫǾ͸ӲˣǽǹǺ⣿
ݸӺǺһЦ˵ˣʫɲ˵ģߵˣ֮ǰòдȥġ
һϣֶܿһЦ㵱ǰ׳հô˵ʯǸողŷģ
ݸҡͷǲǰ׳գǲֵ֪ȷһ׳һ¡
һŭ𣬺Ȼ˼һЦһ˵Ȼǿڿ˵ʫߵǲ֪һλˣɸҳٱһʫԷָ£
ݸȻҡҡͷ˵źѾˣңҲΪԵʸ񡣲ݸЦЦļ˵ֵǼֻ˵˼ҲʫءŶУֻܲģҪʶ˼Ůء
һ죬Ȼ֪ݸ˵˭漴Щŭ˵֮ǰ֪ˣ׷һŮʲôԣ˵˵ʫģҲЦ˼Ҵ
ݸ̾Ϣһֵ֣Ͳһ˭𣿡
ߵ˭λʦɣ
ݸӺǺһЦݸһֽ˵֣Ϊ׼ˣԼɡ
ֽӹֽ˵Уҿһλʦ
˵꣬ｫֽ򿪣֮ɫȻһ䣬ĺڶͷ˵ôܣΪһ𣿡
ݸӺǺЦֲ֪ԸţҲšʵֵѾ˼֣𣿡
ݸһʵѾ˼֣ȻҲɫ
Ϊסȷһ׼򵥵ʫټȷ̩ɽʫп
ǸŮǲǾشԣпܾǡ
ʫˣɫҲͻȻһֲõԤС
Сֽ֣дʲô
û˵ֱӽֽݸˣ˽ӹֽһɫҲȻһ䡣Ȼְֽݸһˡ
ʫˣȫֽϵݣֻ֣
ʫշǳĹ졣
ݸӵһȫһЦȻߵһߣͷ羰ȥˡ
ʱҲ¸˫״ǵˣ˫ġԹûʲôоҲ⡣
óֻ˷ܵĽʯȫȻϴϣ˵̩ɽۣ֮һסĺ顣
̩ɽϵĽ֮һһʵĶԾˮ䡱һԼ̩ɽҪһȣһֱǽֵ
ڣƬԼ˵ͻȵ̩ɽһըֱըĴ
ذذ̩ɽ֮۳û¡һʫ
У֪ˣһξȻֱӰʫдʯϣ档
ҲҺǵһοıʼԵ鷨ʦңдʯϣֽдӦҪѵöɣţơ
漣ǿʯҪɱʯĽడ
ǾǱ䱦ʯĽ̩࣬ɽ׬ˡ




һǧʮ Ϊҵľϲ
̩ɽ칫ҡ
ѧĽǳòǮһ㣬һµͷʹ˵ٻΪ̩ɽһο
Ҫ°ˣѧϲ̵°֮İţͻȻ˽˷ܵ˵ܣϢĺϢ
ѧļ˷ܵɫҲһæʵС̣ʲôϢ˵
˼Ȼŵֻݵѧǰ˵뿴
ѧĽӹֻЩɻֻĻϿȥܿ죬ѧġಡһ£ֱӴλϵ˿ȥǳļ
ᵱһɽСãð̫ˡ˵öԣ̩ɽ׬ˡһ鱦ʯԵıʯ̩ɽ˵ǽһ޼۵ıʯѧ˷ܵ˵
ܣһԥ֮˵ǿʯûûпܲ
ѧҡͷûпܣһһ㲻ûɡС̣ǿʯ˵ǳҪ⵽ƻϸ绰ǰפɽıԱ̶ǿʯֳ򡣡
˵꣬ѧԲͨ˱ĵ绰һ֮󣬹Ҷ˵绰ֶԲ˵ߣС̣ھɽҪȥһ
һ㶣˵ܣɽôˣȥ֮²ˡҪһȥ
ѧҡͷھȥһҲȲˡɽЪϢһ
ѧ̬ȼļڴ֮ɫҲͲȰ
ʵϣҲȥһǿʯʯʫ䣬ɽסһʲô˵ģ

ѧĴ˷̩ܵɽ֮۸ȥ
ϣ̩ɽ֮۵һʯʫ飬ȻڼԽԽ˼С
ڸ̾ǿʯҪɱʯ֮Ŀ⼯ʫ֮ϡ
ڷΣ³δˡ
컯㣬
ƣ
ᵱһɽС
ˣڹʫձЩƫʫǰ䣬һЩ̫ܹ⡣
ƾһ䣬ͿԿһʫƽǰ䣬Ҫдʦһ£
һɷģԺܿͻдʦġ

ʵϣû೤ʱ䣬ʫ˰ף΢϶ԡһʫ
òСѵʫͻ֮һĸˮ׼ھϲ̲֮࣬סıдһƪλ֮
ȵһ䣬ڷΣ³δˡ
̩ᷡɽıƣ̩ɽΪ֮ףɽڣֳơڡ
׾俪ʼʣҪ̩ɽôأ
һʣʫէһ̩ɽʱΪ˷ܺĽ֪Ӧݲźˡ
⿴ͨһʣȴʫ˵ʱ˷ܡĽ֮飬չֵ쾡£ַΪ
ʫ˾һĦ֮󣬸˴𰸡
³δˡڴսʱڣ³ң̩ɽΪ߽硣̩ɽ³̩ɽϡ
仰˼˵߳롢³ı߾Ȼܹ̩ɽдеɽɫ̩ɽΰ֮ˣ˲ԾȻֽϡ
ǵڶ䣬컯㣬
컯Ȼӡۼ㡯֮
һд̩ɽΡߴϾ䡰δˡעš
һӡְһдˣȻе̩ɽۼ
ָɽı棬ָɽ档ƻ糿
˵̩ɽܸߣͬһʱ䣬ɽɽƻ糿
ⱾʮȻ󣬵ʫһ֣չֳ̩ɽ۽ġ
̩ɽ߶ȣɽɽϣγɲͬľۡ
һ֣ʹֹ̩ɽʱۻһ׵
䣬ƣ񡣡
ʫ˼ɽΪ֮
Ϊʫˣ翵ľǰƵģһпףʹ۾ۿҪѿ
ָͶֻ񣬿֪ʱѱĺʫȴ᲻ñۡ
һʲôľɫʫԣ
һ䣬ᵱһɽС
һΪ죬һҪǶ̩ɽĿԶһͻ̩ɽĸ߾дһе˺ơ
˾ͣκֻһܸܵһеĺ顣
һ£ʫıƪֺ˼ϵľ
ʫΪôʫΡأ
һ䣬ڷΣ³δˡԶ
ڶ䣬컯㣬ǽ
䣬ƣ񡣡ϸ
ľ䣬ᵱһɽСǸ
Զϸȫʫԡͳȫƪдͨƪȴһ֣䲼֮˼֮̾Ϊֹ
д̩ɽʫ٣ӽ֮󣬵СѴסΪѳԽ
׵ƪ֣ɼĵϲãԼʫϲ
ƪҲѸȫȫĶһʫ
֮󣬱Ǳ֮ǰΪҵľϲ𺳡



һǧʮ ο
̩ɽۣ֮ʯԡ
ҲϵϢԼ׶ڡһʫڰٷ֮ٵĿ϶ˣһʫ
ʫǱӦ˷ܲǡǸŮѾĻǵͿɬҪԶԶ˷ܣ
֣Ǹ˻𣿡Сʵ
̾Ϣһ˵Ӧòˣ˵һ߰ɣҹܿͻдοͷӵġ
ʫͷ˵ʯ΢ԶһЩĵطȴû뿪
һߣݸӵ˼˵һߣ䣬Ҳûټ
ֲ֮ʲôޣȻѾ˾棬Ҳ͹ˡ
⣬Ҳ˰׵ҲȫһʫҲΪ˷ܡ
ݸӸпʫȻ䲻һ俴Ƽ򵥵ʾ䶼ˣʫŲǵһ
Ҳ׷׵ͷоǸпѣһ˵ϧûۿʫȻ͸ˡ
ȷһǳźݸȴЦЦ˵ȻûۿʫȴǵһʫˣѾ˵ˡ
һ룬ҲԣѾˣﻹӦʲôź
漴ȫһЦǰδе泩
˹Цʱ̩ɽϣ˾ϲ
ղݣҿ쿴ϵţո̩ɽ֮۵һʯһʫѾˡ
ļٵģǿʯʲôطû˵
ûаֻһƬҲ֪ǿʯʲôط
ߣȥǿʯӦþۼ˲ٵˣӦܹҵ
ԶԣϾȥң̫ˡ
ǰѣҲȥǿʯ𣿡
ǰһʫʵд̫ˣֻǶž˺һҪȥ֤ġ
ô֪𣿡
֪ǸոտкܶǱȥˣӦǸ򡣡
Ǹ𣿺գһ𡣡
գߡ

̩ɽ޵οͲ٣Ҷɢڸط
ڣȴȫͬһȻҶ֪ǿʯʲôطûйϵֻҪ˶ĵطߣһˡ
Ҷʯڵĵطϣȵģפ̩ɽϵıԱ
ΪͨƬ֪ǿʯʲôطѰңٶȻͿˡ
һӵܲĵ绰ҴҸϵ
ѾΧŲٵο֮ͣǰһֱοͣԱûǰο͡
ǹΪֹοǹۿʯǷֹʯܵƻֱ̩ɽӦĴʩ
ڱԱײúοҲ½ҵ
ǰΧôˣһˣͦҵ
ۼοԽԽ࣬ҿʯϵʫֿԶڽµģ಻Ⱥɽ鼤ѡ
ȺУûţֳֻͣƬҷϣһ궯ѣ޲ɵ̩ɽԸһʲôᵱһɽС
ȺԶĵط˿Ⱥķ
˵û뵽ôϲһʫ
ٺһЦ˵ǿʫʥƷܲϲ𣿡
˵ǣʫǰʫʥŸƷȻ֪
ֱ˵Ͳǫһ𣿻ʫʥ֪ˣ˵ɡ
һЦ˵Ҳôһ˵ҳʫʥ
ȴ˭֪˵ڵȷңԺء
ݸ̩ɽֹһ֮󣬱˾Ƶꡣ
һؾƵ꣬㵹ڴϣһɽԵЩˡ
ԾΪȣһһóֻʼġ
һ֮˵Ͷ࣬200ݣȴ2000ˣ˲ʮ
ͷȷǶ࣬˽Ͷ壬Ӧû֮⣬ҲĶ¼йأøˣһĳ嶯
顰šһֵǺ飬ȰѧĸָˡǰĶҸо
ʵ˵һڽԾ¼Ӱ£ԽԽˣҪһĳ嶯
ǡã⼸ǹҽȰѧʱ䣬ұȫȰѧĴ
ΣҵǰδеĸǣͶͨյͶ壬֮ǰԤƵҪ١

ʯԡ
ѧĺڸϵ
ʱɫѾˣοҲɢȥһЩ
ѧĺͲ飬ȴǷǳ˷ܡ



һǧʮ ˼
ѧĿǰʯԽԽǼԽԽǾãһܹΪ̩ɽο͵ıʯ
ţϿһʯͼƬʯһʫˣҪԵ̩ɽۣ֮һ¡һɽСĺ顣
Ϊԭ򣬶ڲܳУҲһ̩ɽ֮ƻУȵʱ죬ǰ
кܶһΡΣεǰ
ôһʯһҪãԲ⵽ƻ
Ҫαʯ±ú;칫ң߲רҵԱϸҪóһķ
ѧϲ̵ĥţͣοͣɻ²һʫֻ߷Ŵʱе
ܵһʫĸȾοȫʫԴ󷢣οͶһףгǹ̩ɽʫ
ȻʫʵǲôЩЦԷǣοȴǹЦ޺ʫҪֻһա
ģ⣬ѧͻȻ˼һĵڽļʱĽ̩ɽ֮۵οͿ϶٣Ϊβڴ˾ٰһԡ̩ɽΪʫʴأ
κοͣΪʫΣػкܶοȤμӣһ͸ˡ
ɽǶɽ֮ʫʴˣ̩ɽĻ
ѧԽԽĶæй͵ʫʴ

ɫԽԽο½ɢȥصƵϢ
ѧĺԼҲ뿪ˡ
˼Сʱ̩ɽ֮ڰҹɫ֡

ڶ죬컹δ̩ɽ֮Ѿ˳ӿС
ŶڵȴһӾۣ̩ɽճ
ҲοǻѡЪϢһҹҪԭ򡣶ġʫһľϲ
ȻҲȺУкЩڴҲͬˡ
ЩȻۣǴȻĶ͡
ģʱ߳һߣֽɢȥ졢ơƷϵɫУѤĿ
οȫ۾գۣڣϼֳ֮һΣ峿ĵһأ̩ɽۣ֮ǳͣۡ
̫οǵĻнҹɫȫȥµһʽʼ
˷ܵ˵̫ˣеĻҪ׳ۡ
ǺһЦ˵ȷʵǰɽճҲͦġҪҲףֻڰɽ¶һͿˡ
۾һգһգģЩ⶯ӡ
ֻһ˵ʱЩ⶯ӣȥɽ¶ˡ
Ȼûصʥ֮˵
ճԹ緹ɽˡ
ѡһ·ɽҲͬͣͣ

ɽ;Уȫصοͣ½½̩ɽ¡
ǽ̩ɽڼƻУ̩ɽһϵ¼ǵֵסջķ׷
̩ɽοڽ״̬
ⱾԤϵУıΪʵ֮󣬻ùѧ˷ܲѡ
ѧ˷ˣһЩ칫ҵĸˣƲѡ
Щƽʱο̩ɽľ
˵˵̩ɽôôˣƫƫȥǾ
˭˵أΪǻɽ֮۸ʺϡһɽСǻɽ֮۵ĸ߶ȣɱ̩ɽ߶ˡ
УֻǸʲôãҿǻɽʺϣ߷Ȼûǻɽߣ̩ɽҪٰ߳ңǻɽСµһɽ֮ơ
ȥʲôã˼ҵʫѾ̩ɽ֮۵ʯˡбǰǿʯᵽǾȥ
˵̩ɽֻðˡ
뻹ưҿԱ֤ȥ̩ɽοУһ׼ǾѰȰѧеġڵãȫ̩ɽȥˡ
˭˵أôûǾأ

칫ҵĸ²۲ѣ²۹ĥͬһ£ǾǿȥһзѣԵѣֻҪʱھµʲôʫ֮ľͿˡ
Խĥ۾ԽҲԽ¶пԣǾķ羰Ǿѷɫ̩ɽ
ֻҪӦûͬɡʵڲУǾ͸ɼŮΣģ
˵˼νԽԽˡ

ǲ֪˵˼Ѿµ̩ɽ¡
ʱ4㣬񶫷֯ĶݱľС
Ѿǵĳˣµİ˸Ѿѡ
һĹھ֮󣬵ĸҲҪѡˡ
ҪҪȥʵ
ҡҡͷ˵ȥˣ߰ɡ
ɵġŶһңңĿƬ̶ĳأ֮뿪ˡ
̩ɽУҲʱһ䡣



һǧʮ ɽ·Ϊ
̩ɽµĶ̩ɽ֮۵ʫʴݱľУȴѾ뿪̩ɽ
̩ɽµοͼɢģǰĿͳ
ǽЪϢһһɻظʡ
ߵ㣬˵ȻһҾƵסޡ
Ƶ귿÷ĵڴϵֻ
½ҽ뵽˴ȰѧͶͨУ91ţͶһˡ
ĿǰΪֹͶͨͶֶ࣬һ8000Ͷ塣
죬ȻͶ߷壬ƣյͶᳬݡ
ǰһٵĶȫһ飬һЩǲģȻûбٷѡеĿܣܹŽǰһǣǵϿɡ
ЩߣǰʮߣʱҲǷǳ˷ܡ
ܹǧͶ壬ܹǰһ٣ǰʮһֳɹ
ܹܲٷѡУǸҪǱͲǳűٷѡġ
ĳɼѾǳˡ
ȻЩߣʱҲźǶΪŴֵ˼
һѰԼϲĶһ۷׷ס
һͶܶడҶܻ
Ƹ̩ɽŪĶԾЩϵ
ǰЩŻͦģֻǸо㲻Ͼ䣬ƱѡеĿԲ󡣡
ҪżͶĸ߷ڣǺܶ˵ĶѾˣҲȵͶԶྫϸһʱ
ǰûĶҲûͶ𣿻˵Ķʲôӵģڴ
ȷڴڸ֪һ䡮ˮ䡯ʲô˵û
˭֪أⶼʱˣҲûλʦԳǲ֪Լûֺ͡һǾɡ
ҿֿܣ˵гʮֲͬĶܹŹء
ŰɣӦò˶ʱͻнˡ

ѵۣٺһЦһȻǻǷǳ
ֻҪǾԲһ׵£кܶĶʦΪʾ֭ء
ȤҲȤ֪˭ܹȶԳ
ȰѧʲôʱȥԥƬ̣Ǿٴ

һҹ޻ڶһ磬ˣ˻ظʡķɻ
92ţȰѧͶͨڽ12ͻرա
ԣΪ˴˴뷽跨ѰеĶǣڽ춼ˡ
ʱѰңһٶҵһУҲԼĶԼǺģͿܲˣٷķˡ
ӽ翪ʼͶͨͶӵƵʣͻȻӿ죬ģͶڿʼˡ
ĶƷʱпܻ֣ĹעŴ˴ˣһ񣬷׷׽뵽ͶͨڴͶƷУѰƷ
̩ɽ¡
ȻۼŴĶţǵȰѧѾҲѾͶ˳ȥ
ȻҪȵ죬Ķȫ֮󣬲Ż뿪̩ɽ
Ƕڻʣµдɻ
ûлã˵ҲһѵõĶʢ磬Ȼǰ뿪
Ķδʼڴ໥졣
ȥѾͶˣһδôôôͶ壬ԸҵͶ岻ʯ󺣣ùٷĻᶼûС
ɷģͶͨãÿһͶ嶼ᱻٷǵƷٷҲĴƷǡ
ͺãʵ˵ҶԼƷͦĵġ
ٺ٣ҹƴˣԼƷģʲôãԣƽĶԴɡ
ҲǣˣƷͶûУ
֪Ʒ̫࣬Ϳꡣڹע̫࣬ǿ϶ܹƷѾͶ˵ĻӦûܿ嵽ȥġҾͶܿˡ

ֻ̩ɽµĶǣڴƷʵϣʱеˣڴƷ
ҽѧĻʷĻоֲӵȴУԼ᯸֣ࡢҡȨסԪҵȴ

ʡǡ
߳һųϢ
óֻһ˵кܶˣڵĶء
ͷ˵ҲȷͶˡ
ͶֻҪֻͿԲҲͲԥֻϵһ󣬽ѾȷõƷͶ˳ȥ
ˣ򸱵ĶУֶһɽ·ΪѧĿۡ



һǧʮһ 
Ͷͨ棬ͶѾݣͶҲͬͶһûʲôˡ
עֻʱģʱڵǰ塱ˣǧǣͶ壬֮ͬеһʯӣܻᱻܶ˿һ˿ٳȥͲˡ
ȿǿʯӵˣȴǹҽٷ
ÿһͶ˻ʵ֤ҽΪڴͶ壬Ʒ
ˣ˻ѣһͶ壬ٷڵһʱ֪
һεġ־ٷһεȰѧԲʧ
칫ҡ
ѧ壬Ȼ٣Աѡ֮󣬴ġ
ڣѧǰĸʮݣѧһһǷǳġ
ʮܹ֮ΪƷô󻪹˲൱ļüá
ֻǣѧڻûȷһѡ
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΢΢һЦƺ֪˵һ㣬һA4ֽݵѧǰѾĶӡ˳
ѧڴֽϿȥһҲʮʮֻ֣Ҫһʱ䡣
ɽ·ΪѧĿۡѧ鲻ԽĽֽϵĶ˳
һ鲻ԽֱݣҲһΡ
ûԭѧȻȻ˳·Ǹħһ㣬һҪ鲻Խ
ѧˣǳεͷĵԭһμҲء
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ôһǾ䣬ӦǾеľ䡣
һܹ鲻ԽĶֻΪ㡣
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ɽ·ΪѧĿۡһκ˼һһĸоᱻȾܵһε
һһ̨һṩһԴԴϵĶ
ֻʺУ԰֮Уκ׶ε˶á
ȰѧȰѧɲֻȰУ԰ѧѧϰκ˶Ҫѧϰ
ѧԽ⸱Խ˷ܣɽǣ˴ջ

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еͶ嶼ǿ⸱ˣԿ϶⸱һĶˣġ
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һǧʮ ܿͻȫ֪
ɽ·ΪѧĿۡѸٵˣаһλãȵڶĲԽԽ󣬼û˱ڶĿܡ
Ȼ˵һλãȻˣڵһ۾Ϳˡ
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ȿȣע֮ǰһпܡʣ˵ȷпܵĲǣҪ
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пȷǸԶȴּ⡣Ƕںͯ˵Ҳܹŵ⡣ۺΪеĶУԴΪ
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֮С˵Եʱѧѡʸ
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ţƺһĽٱֱûϷҪõö಻ǡ



һǧʮ ȰѧĽ
Եǰ
׹΢΢һЦ˵ǸıС˵λһξѻᣬҲһС˵ʢκζԱÿһλС˵߶ȫԸΪС˵ĵλˣС˵ߵĵλҲͬӦߡǣЩС˵ߣʵ˵Ҳû̫ġ
ŶͬһЦ˵ϵ˼ǣҪϣҵˣ
ͷ˵ȷҪõʱѧίһϿɣһξͱٳһѧԺͿɶԶԶ֮ǰƷ֮ǰЩƷҪһ㣬Ŀǰֻ󡣵ȻѣΪһԡ
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ͷǵƷȷֵڴһ֮ǰƷһʵķԾõȻ㡣ȻҲҪѹͰ֮ǰ׼õģдͿˡһ޷ɹǻԼȴһεĻᡣ
һЦ˵һԣһԡ
֮϶һ֮󣬸ȥ
뿪֣֮ʵΪжİգ
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֣ǺһЦ˵͹˵ȷСȴǸδ֪ó֮Ҳܴһ漣Ҳ˵
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ͺá

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֮޷Ӧʸ
ע֮ǰûбƷڹٷίῼ˵ķΧڡ
Ҳ˵µʱڣһѧԺͿɶԶǿƷ֮ǰûбҲǰ״
ΪҪ涨ΪʱѧٷԼĳĿǡ

Ϣһ𶯣׵Ȼ硣
һС˵ǵ֪Ϣ֮𾪵ûκεķӦ
ȻǰõطˣԵñȽϵ
˵ĴҶˣֻ㽭Ĵˡ
ѾõطҲһֱĬĬ׼ԼƷ
ȻһεĹٷн֮ǰЩһûйϵĽҲһ
ֱС˵Ӧʸá
һ£һС˵ܹ֮ɹӦʸΪǵƷԭ
ôС˵еĵλǾǿǰĸǣӹûпܡ
ԣǱȻ㵭ʵѾǳ˷ܡ
ܹǰõˣϾǼߣʱһַµ״̬
ǿȨԵʱѧ֮ǰûС˵Ҳбʱѧϵһ졣
Ȼڻûʽϣһƣһûгɹһͬлᡣ
ȻС˵һΣĻʱѧѡʸôС˵ңҲעԵʱѧ
ⲢûйϵΪС˵ֻҪܹɹãʱѧѡʸ
ôС˵ѧϵĵλͻżߡ
ЩС˵ߵĵλȻҲͬˮǴߡ
⣬Ѿ㹻ˣѾǣΪңɼˡ
С˵ǣò׽˷µ״̬֮ƲסĿϲ˷ܺͼ
տϢʵ̫ͻȻҲ̫ϲˣʱѧǰͲ롣
Ҳ벻С˵Ҳһ졣
ҵǱȽƣ֮ǰһֱС˵һôͻȻͰС˵뵽ѡʸѡˣ
٣ȻΪڵС˵ҲǰС˵˰ԴӹӹġԽŮճ֮С˵뵽һȫµʱ֮һֱٷչΪʱѧίעİɡ
С˵нĵλĳ̶ֳ˵ǹӹһִٳɵġӦøлģǹӹˡ
ȷ˵ûйӹпܾûڵʱᱻʱѧίע⵽
ϧӹѾ뿪С˵硣ôͻȻоǳأ
ȷ꣬ӹС˵ʱڣС˵õʱѧĳϣԼȴѾ뿪С˵硣




һǧʮ һΣӿ
ǣԹӹ뿪С˵겻ѡ
ҲвС˵ûʲôо棬ӹС˵ĵλû˷ϡ
ڣӹʱѾȥˣС˵Ⱥۻս˭ΪһС˵ߣ
һεġϣС˵Ǹ·Ⱥ֤Լʱ˭ܹС˵ɹãʱѧѡʸ˭һС˵ߡ
С˵Ӵ˾ͽʱ
һ㣬С˵֪
Ȼÿһ˶ҪΪС˵µߣܶС˵Ҳ֪֮ǵעԵ
ô˭пܳΪһС˵ߣ
Ľһ񣿻Ǿò¶ģĴҶˣֻǺɱһˣӹĺճһ
һжδ֪һԿ϶δʱ֮ڣС˵ضӿƷ
һʢȻС˵һ˽ЩҪȡӹС˵һλõˣڵȵˡ
ȷǰʱ˷ܵӦþǽһɣĳ̶ֳ˵ѹӹϳС˵磬ȴʼ޷ȡӹС˵ĵλڣˡ
ȷˣһҪɹûôףҲҪҶµˣǳʱûз飬ûʡǰһú֣ڣҵЩˡ
ҲЩˣǺпǰ֪˷Ű׼ԼƷĻһεƷȻʯ쾪
⻹пܺɱһˣһ񣬾ĹӹһҪ֪ϴȱš˭ܿ϶ûеڶӹ֣
ҸоһεĴС˵Уֵġִᡯݣ·ַ׷ֵһ˵ݡ
ͦǡȻˣͻȻһ⣬˵ӹһΣûпɱС˵磿
ɱҲûпܣֻ뿪С˵磬ûзʡһδջ̫ɱҲǲܡ
ӹȷɱΪᡣ֮Ի뿪С˵磬ΪС˵ϣѾдͻƣڲ̵ʱˡôһɱͷĻûпܡֺαػأ
ûĻһС˵һ˵ҲֻʱȥˣС˵ĵλܵӰ졣ɱһεĴб˲ڽ£ǲˣλܵһӰ졣
ôȷӦòɱˡô˵С˵һΣɹʽãʱѧѡʸ𣿡
˵ͿλҵƷˡӦòСɡ
ϣЩҵƷܹС˵ĵλˣͽˡȻһûɹС˵ĵλҲͬк̶ܴȵ
ûʱѧٷٰܹһδѾһϿˡ


С˵һƬڣָΪΪһʼտӹ˳۵ǣʱҲ˷ܡ
˷ܣΪС˵λߣѾڰ״̬С˵λߣǲû̫ĸо
˷ܣΪС˵λˣӹȴ뿪С˵硣
ЦˣӹС˵ôãС˵ĵλˣԼȴǰ˸ϳС˵硣ͽûǸ
ɲǣǰС˵磬⣬ҫģڻǺһûǸȥС˵λߡ
ˬһʹɣ̫ˬˡ


־硣
һʱ˷ܣⲢΪ˷ܣΪѾ˷ܵʱ
ΪǰѾõ˷Ȼ˵ġ
ʵϣڸ֮ǰѾ˵ʱѧܻС˵׼һƷ
֮ǰΪ϶ĸʱѧٷľ
죬ʱѧĹٷ棬Ȼǰ˵һ
İ칫ҡ
ǺЦôСƣ𣿡
һ΢΢һЦ˵࣬һֱڵȴҪȡӹС˵һ˵ݣ治һ׵顣ںˣ֮ұС˵һˡ
⣬ȴ˵СƣҲġһעǸƼҶµˣԼ㽭Ǳߵ˾ˣ϶֡⣬вФƻҲСпֱɱһˡԣ򲻿С
һͷȻ֪ȻЩĿ˵ֲ
һҪӱһ׵¡
ԽѣӱĺҲԽ㣬ҲԽ˵
ʹڵĶ־ԽԽߡ
˵Ŀǰأһ¡
һ΢΢ЦͿ԰Щ֣һԵȫһ򾡣ͦõࡣ
ŶŽһƬ֮󵭵Цȷͦõġ



һǧʮ ӹһλ
ֻС˵ӿѧҲͬе˼飬һΪС˵ȻлʱѧѡʸֱҪĽࡣ
Ӧ˵Ѿˡ
ڻֻлѡʸ񣬵лᡱ˵С˵ķˡ
ȵĻѡʸ֮Ǿǳ׵Ĵˡ
ǣҲͬ۷׷ס
С˵Ȼôͷˣ벻
ǰԺЩǵĵλҲˮǴˣһõϢ
û취Դӹӹ֮С˵ȷʵ˷츲صı仯ڵС˵Ʒ֮ǰС˵Ʒȣֱ֮ңһֻϣչ״̬֮Уʱѧע⣬Ҳ̫⡣
ҾòֻС˵Ӿ磬Ӱȷ棬Ҳͬ˼ı仯ӦҲһҪԭ򡣡
ûЩνĻɡ
ЩС˵ǣӦúúøлһ¹ӹȻĻôͷˣ
ӹڶ˳С˵ˣҹû˻ĸлӹֻͲˡӹеź
ҲǣҿһȡӹС˵ĵλ棬ж˻ĵĸлӹأ
˵һλɹĻѡʸ𣿡
ٺ٣ҿǺ֮ûֱǻѡʸǿ϶ίзҪ֮ڣõЩַίϿɣѵǳ󡣡
ҲΪµʱС˵һʵķԾǼǲܵ԰ҷģС˵Ժɹѡʸ񣬵ԲһΡ
ֻҪһξͺáʵ˵ôͷˣЩƽ⡣


Բ̳
˴¼УС˵֮⣬˭ȻǹС˵ˡ
ϲС˵ȻϣС˵ĵλԽԽá
ԴһЩԣ˫ȭһգС˵ڵȵһˡ
ЩͽСԣ˷ܵĴ
֮ǰС˵ǺˣǱߵĳΪǲ顣
Ƿǳƣƫƫ޷˭С˵ĵλЩء
ڣС˵ܹãʱѧѡʸǾͿֱ׳ķʱѧϵƷǲˣ
ʱԲ̳տν൱Ļ𱬡
۹һĺϢǲǿΪԺС˵ܹʱѧˣ
⻹ûսأһжҪһδƷ
ΪӦûģںÿС˵ô࣬һ룬Щίķ۰ɣ
㻹˵ˣһǵķۡĻͲǾٰһδֱѡʸˡ˵Ҫɹѡʸȫδ³ֵ飬ˡ
ҲôͻȻо񲢲ֹ۵ӡ
ͲֹۣǴ̫ڼˡȻһûгɹС˵ĵλҲкܴһġ
ҲһӦðϣ˭ϣһ񣿡
һȻϣ֮һͿ֮ǰĴҶˣһλ᲻ɽˡȻӱ
⼸쿴ǵıɣ˱֮󣬻ͻһµжˡ
ҲصģǵĽһһһΪС˵סһλᡣҾڴǵĽһͿˡ
˵ЩɾǡҾˣ˵Բ̳Ϊ˷ܵˡ
ΪǵĽһڵȵˣΪС˵һ˵
ŽһһܹһεĻУɹӹС˵һ˵ͷΡ
۹ǽһĻᵽˡ֮С˵ûйӹֻнһ񡣡
ûӹС˵һ˵ͷΣҪøǵĽһˡ
Ҿ;ڴɣ۹
ҾԲ̳ΪԾӰ
һᵽӹôѸٰѻ⣬е˹ӹϡ
˵ӹһΣûпܻд
ƺܣǡġЩ꣬һ׷ŮѾһ֮ǰˡڲûƷء
һǲǵãӹϴεר˵д
ǵðӦֻһ˵ʰˡֱܲӳϣԺ󶼲д˰ɣ
ҲǣΪӹҪĻǿڴһµġ
ӹ⼸Ķ̬ɣٳûйһƷԤ棬ǵȷлĿܡһƷԤ棬ǾͿ϶Ͳˡ
δҪȱ𣿿ӹ᲻ᱨɣһıʱ䡣

ԻǺڴӹܹģϾǹӹڵʱҶڹӹԶǡ
ֻǣǲ̫ϣҲףӹɼĻǾǷǳ˵顣
ǵľ



һǧʮ ǡ
ӹ᲻λᣬɱȥд
һԹĵ飬ĴС˵ԣԱҲͬǳġ
ۿŹӹϾҪƳһС˵ˣȴƫƫʱһʱѧٷģϣС˵
С˵֪ӹС˵ĵλҲ֪һεĴÿһλ˵ŷǳջ
ôڹӹ˵ӦҲˡ
ӹѡɱȥдҲ֮е顣
ֻĻǶʱڣ϶ǿӹµĴƷˡ
ڴС˵˵϶ЩźС˵ǣȫֹ֧ӹľ
ӹһλȥд𣿡
ӹľɡ۹ӹʲôľҶ֧֡
û˾ʱµĴƷˡ
עӹ΢̬ɣУǾͲҪȥʣӹ´Ʒˡ
ȻǶס

ò˵һڴС˵ǣǳͿɰ
һС˵ߣԵľûôɰˡ
綼ڲ룬ӹ˻᲻ȥдô
ԵĲȥȥһδʵĻǻࡣɼ룬˺ݺݵĲڽ£ǵöඪ
ûҲȥȥðգһдŴС˵һվһǰĽǶȣЩҶᣬã
ȷһС˵ܹɹѡʸĻӹĹҲСûܳɹѡʸ񣬹ӹԷǳװƵĳ̾ϢһǻǲаС˵·أԺŬɡƣֱ
ۣһ㡣ҵϣӹȥС˵ôãҲˣûȥˡ
ٺ٣ȥˣô΢С˵һ£ǲҲԽˣܲ΢ɡ
ǻȥĺá

һС˵ǣϣӹܹصС˵ģҪټС˵ˡ

ӹδģ綼νǳĹע
ȻҲ˼֪кܶˣŹӹ΢
룬ٺһЦ½ӹ΢һϢ
λǣһƷǡ9910ʼ΢ϽءʱӭĶ
ǡѾȷõģӵЩ꣬һ׷ŮƷѡĵͤʱ򣬾Ͳˡ
ټƷ΢С˵ʽҪȥ
Ϊϵ֮һļƻ
֮ԻѡǡⲿƷͺܾ֮⣬Ϊǡ࣬ҲǴƷŴĴƷ
УԸճɾһ䣬ӰŮ
ǡҲΧһԸдһسİ¡
ǿЩİС˵һŴС˵ȻһֶĿһµĸо
ȻǰǡԭϷƷҪĳС˵Ʒ
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һεС˵ļƻ֮⣬ûйϵ۴жͻȻһ֣׼õ״̬֮С
綼ڹעһΣ᲻ɱȥд
ȻҪɱȥû뿪С˵Ĵ㡣
һεС˵ȻͻȻȴһõһƷڿʽˡ
һıƸеߣҲֻĸ߱Ƹ࣬ŷǲƷݲǡ
ǲƷ࣬ǳڴ

ĥ飬ȴΪӹ΢һƬ
綼ˣڹעĹӹĶ̬
һ䡰ӹ΢ˡ˵ﶼһϡ
ͬ뷨˵ӹ΢иʱķӦǲһ¡
С˵Ȧӣ̾ϢЩûʲôоҲֻ
ӹվǲ𣿡
99ſʼµƷӦҲǴϵаɡĲˡ
Ҳ˵ӹʱҪ𣿶ٻЩꡣ
ȷѡС˵粻
Ͳ£ʲôźģ棬ʱϾҪԺ󣬾Ϳǵİɡ
ߣ֪Ҳֻжˡٱסӡ
٣û뵽Ҳн죬ôһˡأôջȴûˡ治֪Ӧ˵ʶʱ񣬻Ϊеɱ


־硣
һûʲô飬ҲûʲôֻЩźأһΣûлˡ



һǧʮ 治ȥ
С˵ǣҲڵһʱ俴˹ӹ΢ҵ˷ܣЩİˡ
˷ܵȻǼֿ֮ԿӹµĴƷˡ
ֻһεоЩ֣ǡ֮ǰƷ̫ˡ
İΪӹˣ֪ӹǲȫġ
һεС˵Թӹջ϶Сӹջѡ񲻻ȥ
ʲôԭùӹѡ񲻻ȥΪڵС˵磬ѾʱˣΪ֪ԼС˵ڶʱڲдͻƣǻȥҲǻ粻ȥ
С˵ǲ֪𰸣ֻǸоЩ꣬Щİˡ
ӹһβȥԺܶȥˣҾͦźġ
ҲûʲôźģӹС˵ĵλѾˣ˭Ҳ᲻ߡ
ǣȥźأԺͿ԰ĵĴƷˣС˵Щ˼ȥڰɡ
½ۻ̫磬ӹû˵ȥһӹѡС˵ʹС˵һдأȻԺСվпܵĲǡ
أֿԿµĴƷˣӦø˲ǡֻ⡶ǡǰֲҲ̫˰ɡǸĵͤĸоЩ⡶ǡò᲻ǴƷɣ
һ˵ҵһϸڣǰӹԤʱ˵ǡһƷһ˵ȴǡһƷˡ֡Ī治ǴƷ
Ҳ治ǴƷ½ۻ硣˵ĵͤƷҲҪ
ϻȻҪˣһĵͤʵء˵ĵͤҲԿǴƷֻǹŴĴƷ
ô˵⡶ǡǺпĵͤһһŴĴС˵Ҳܲӡ
ˣм죬𰸾ͽˡ

ò˵Щʱߵ۹ж׼Ŀ¡
һڴС˵ǣֻǸݡǡͲµⱾ飬пܺ͡ĵͤһǹŴĴƷ
֪ˣҲ˵һ

С˵˷ܴ㰧ˣǵҪһЩˡ
Ǹеʧź
ʧһΪǻϣӹܹģӹ漣һ˵ᴴһ漣أ
ӹȻʲô漣ûˡ
򣬹ӹ֮Բкܴһԭ򣬿ܻĳЩ˵ӹΪ䣬ԲŲһġ
һˣȻսûˣЩʧ
ͬʱָǣӹȷѡѾҪС˵֤Լӹ֣ѾдС˵ʷ˭Ҳ޷Ĩȥ
ȻˣӹﻹҪٻ
ǵЩìܣ֪ӹǶԵģȷѡ񣬵еЩʧ
ȻҲΪӹûٻֻΪѾûбҪٻˡ
ҾԵ÷ǳ˷ܣǿӹ֮ԲǾǺˣһΰڽһ֮¡
ϧˣһŹӹһܹأȻһΰǽһ֮¡
Ҳû£ѾûʸǽһĶˡһΣһעǹ¶ġ


ǣҲ֪ͬܿ˹ӹ΢ݡ
ɣҾ˵ӹȥɣȥȷѡ񡣡
ϧˣһȥأĻһεĴ϶֡Ҳÿֲǡ
ڻ˵һȥһѡƷͬʱأǵȵʱ֮˵ɡ

С˵˵΢Щơ
ȻҲ֪ӹӦòȥţӹܹλȥټС˵硣
ڿ˼ǲܻȥˡ
֮ǰôҲҪʲôϣأ˸Ͳܻȥ˵

ˣΪӹȥҲ⡣
ħĳסС
Ҷüͷ΢壬˵Ĳˣ׼Ʒͬʱأ
ҶһֱΪӹǲܾ뿪С˵ģһģںʵʱ
һεĴȻһʵΪӹһ˻عʱ򣬹ӹȴƫƫԤһƷһڼ֮󣬾ͿʼأҶһЩɡ
ĴҵĽȺҶ˵¶ô
û˵ʲô¶Ȼס
µܼ򵥣ƷͬʱأһġңҲϣܹûһξûôˡ
һʵŶֶԼƷİҵǲϣʵ˵һͬûӮİաҲΪӦûġ
ûģ⻰˭ţֻҲӦλһЩҪ̫ѿ˵ӹͬΪһģһεʢᣬֻһ͡
ҶҶΪ𣿿ҲöԼжɡһڵҵȳֵʱˣٲ֣ǶҪˡ
µӦûڣڵ˺ѽǽһ񣬼ֱâ¶һ᲻ܶˣ
һʵ־ĪҪǫˣӦҿǵĲŶԡ

λҸڼڵ죬ҵ̬νһһŵõ͡
ǲôģǾֻԼ֪ˡ



һǧʮһ ÿƷڴֵ
ͬʱңԶ㽭
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ڵĴҵĹ۵һ£ͬΪӹӦòһεʢᡣ
һεʢᣬҲĦȭƣ˷ܡڴ
û뵽ҲʱʱѧٷٰıĶ
ʢᣬʷһһΡڵС˵ĸǰһˡ
㽭һΣǧ䰡
ǾԲ䣬Ȼ٣ߵǾӢ·ߡвĹӹںԵĴһƿڣδǳԽӹľѻᡣ
ǸһͷҲ㣬ҲҪСġȻǵ϶֣ҶˣͲ˵ˡ
ȫԸɣһС˵ܹɹѡʸΪһ㽭ƷǾ㽭ȻڵΪ֤ݣʧ
ûôһ¶

һονʮ㣬Ҫһλᣬ֤ڵչѸͣ㽭Ȼڵġ
֮ô㣬ԭǣΪµĶֹӹԵһƿڣʱڣȡôͻƣʽǻܹӹĴûᡣ
ֻҪ˹ӹЩ֣ǹȻǳӣȴʤһ

ӹһ΢ôҷ׷ײĿ֮󣬴ҵĿ»صһεС˵֮ϡ
ֻڣδµʱ֮ڣһδ˷ǳעĽ֮һ
ΪҶܺ棬С˵ܹܲץסλᣬɹĻʱѧѡʸ
ܣһ˵Ʒļ˵ƷС˵ץסλ᣿
С˵Ϊ˸עĽ㣬ҲúܶߺǣЩ˷ܺ궯
ڣΪҪȱȤǶţʱѧٷվΪһС˵רſͨıҳϵı
˱ˣ̫һˮƷСţ̫һˮһˣƷǿڴһµġ
ӺҲСӾȻȡһ͡ӹͬı겻𣿡
ȥǣǰûӦһ˰ɣҲδ¶һȡӺҲΪܹעֻǣЧǻʵ䷴
Чʵ䷴Ҳ൱ڳɹˡΪܱʲôĿģҿ϶ΪȥƷġ
Ҳھ뿴ƷôȻȡӺСӵҲ
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çӢۡãҼסˡҵҪʲôȡı
ûλѣܹæ˵һ£ţߵʵô֮ǰС˵Բ˽⡣ڿͦ˼ģ˽һ¡
ȻӭλѣעһεС˵ţ³ãʵУеʵɣƷԹעһ¡
лл¥ѵĽͣҹһ˻кܶ࣬ԺܻҪǡ
⾡ʱǣǷǳģϽľǶύѡ
Իӭ͸лλѵĹע⾡ʱǡ

ڽƽ̨ϣ
кܶķԣҲڹעһεС˵
ǳ֮⣬Ƕڴ߶Ϥ
ڹıЩߵ֣֪ô
ԣ⡣
ǵ⣬ǳش𣬿ôķԣעһεĴǺ˷ܣش൱
ÿϣ³һλߺǱڣרŵĽƽ̨ϵһ
ߵʵôôģ֮ǰʲôƷһδеڴֵǶ٣
ΪˣǻԼһڴֵοڴοֵӰǵǲȣͣߡ
ǰ̫һˮġڴֵǡ
ڹӺġçӢۡȻӺһˣƾǸڵڴֵΪǰ룬ڴֵѾˡ
֮Ըһڴֵ˱Լ˷ܺͼ֮⣬Ϊṩһοݡ
ֻҪÿƷڴֵǶ٣ܹ֪ߵʵô
Ƿǳֱ۷ġ
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һǧʮ 
һһʮλ߱Щ߶Щˣֻһߡ
ǸڴֵǹӺġçӢۡ⻹ԭ
һЩǣȻű
Ҳżһߵűߣһ˭ǵһң
˷ڴ·ǳߡ
ݲȫͳƣڴС˵ˣ֮ࡣ
ȻһЩֻǼְ
һαˣȻô࣬кܶߺ֪֪֮Լı£Ըȥۡ
Ҫ֪һȫж֮ĽԼƷǵƷ̫ĻǷǳ顣
ңֻС˵綪ǰ
ȥˣ϶ǶԼһŵˡ
ǲԼƷЩ𣬶ԼƷǵƷȻв࣬ĳ̶ȡ
ȻˣȻҪץסᣬεĴ¶һ¶ǵа
ȻҲ֪ԼƷóȥᶪȻѡ˱
ʲôϵһǧѷģչʾԼĺûᡣ
Ϊ¶ʹôõĻᣬһǳź顣
ÿһλ߶ԼĿⲢûʲôѡ޿ɺǡ
ԣǣߺߣҲйעԸƷڴֵ
ߵȦӣҵ٩ֻ໥٩һ
ЩһȻҵƷΪǣͦҵ
ȥҵĲһǰ룬ãô𣿡
˵֣ˢӣǵڴֵǵ۹ⲻô
ڼʣҿǵڴֵˣиǾͲˡ
ȥӺλ˭ʲôȡ
֪Ǵˣλ߿ףȵƷ֮󣬿֪ˡ
ǰڴֵĿǰΪֹߵģ϶йءע᲻ϵĲԣҵǺ
٣ֻǿϧӹڣڵĻһٹӹĶԾ˼


ڶ죬죬죬Ҳ࣬Ҳʼ֡
ǵĵҲԽԽ˷ܣڴֵߵѾﵽǰ롣
ֻǣΪڴǼλңɻûб
ҲȻż98ţ໹죬ܹǵıˣҶǳڴ
ʥ塣
ҲͬűֻǱѣ籨û
ڱ֮ǰȿʼǡأѾȷõļƻûҪ˶ı䡣
99գ10½ӹ΢׼ʱˡǡǰ¡
ı֮С˵汾ȫĹ25֣Ϊ80£Ȼÿء
ǡҪ˵ǣǰˣ֣ЯСŮݺݺɷѻغӱƽᣬ;裬סиվ¡
ݺݺг֮ݣ߻֮ò֯Ů죬ʫ㣬ܣĲŮ
֮ʱݺݺˣ֣֮㡣֣ҲǴϷ˵ֶϼס
Ȼ֣ȴһʮӵܣһ˶߹ѰҲݰһֲʶһ
ݺݺŻ¼Ϊ
վżݺݺһģ޷ӽ
ʱǡнɻ˵ݺݺòʱΧסվ£ҪǿȢݺݺΪޡ
Ϸ鼱֮£Ӵݺݺ⣬ŵܹ˱㽫ݺݺ
ϲ⣬סɻȻù˰ȷʱǰΧºϷ˾ڲ£ֻöơ
ʧ֮дݺݺѾаæݺݺҹ㣬˵Գ
ݺݺ˵úȥ鷿̽
˼ѽ⣬дϢ
ݺݺϧڹҲдʫں£Ϸˣ˽ĻᲢ
Ϸ֪ŭ޿أӦ
ݺݺ𣬰״Ԫ
Ȼ֣ȴδ֮ʱѱѱ׸ΪϷһ֮£Ҫݺݺ޸֣㡣
Ҿʱصվ£ڰİ£Ҵ֣ıݺݺϲ
ϱǡǡҪݣֵһǣȻԴڡǡȴΪǡĳɹ죬ʹá¡
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ǡ׼ȷʼأһڴС˵ǣȻѾˡ
Ȼ⼸ʱ䣬ҲڹעС˵ıڹӹġǡȴһֱǹš
ֻǴС˵ԣҲͬĿ⣬ʱתƵ˹ӹ΢ϡ
ȻѾ԰ٷ֮ٵĿ϶ӹμһεС˵ӹڽ쿪ʼءǡһ£ǳΪ˴ҹעĽ㡣
ⲻ˵ǶԡǡⲿƷȤǶЩ¼Ȥ
С˵׶ΣӹʲôȻҵĹע



һǧʮ һ
ȻѾ˹ӹ΢Ҳ˳ֵ㿪ˣⲿǡƷĵһ¡
˵ɽиĶߣһվ£˴Ժķˣɴ޽
ģ󣬷ͬСɡߴɽţׯ£¥ãռƣ¡
һ˵ǳһ꾹ȻǹŴ˵õĴС˵أ
ȻûпӹǰС˵ݻ˽ġִʲôʱɹŴˣ
⵹ˣӹһƷĵͤѵһڡĵͤƷ
ֹǵ˿ȥȤ
ĵͤǺϲģЩ鰮С˵͵Ӿ磬ĵͤĹŴƷǾǶĿһµĸо
ڣ⡶ǡƺҲǶĿһµĸо
Щ˵⣬һڴС˵ǵԵúܵѾµˣǡһڡĵͤƷһ
ŴµĴС˵С˵Ǻ˷ܡ
һ·ȥ
ǰҪ˵ʣϷ˺ŮݺݺԼݺݺѾˣʹѻغӱƽᣬ;裬סиվ¡
ȻǴݺݺˣסվ֮һϵԼݺݺ֣ĻԼȵȡ
ȻһϿΪһ֪ѣƵи
²һ֣ò˶೤ʱԿꡣ
֮󣬸ʿ۷׷ס
ӹдԹŴΪС˵ǵӦ֣ⲿǡǰԹŴһһ׵ģϤúܰ
Ҽǵùӹոճʱ򣬾˵ӹʷӦźоĳԽŮУܹ
ЩʱĺĽߣҲдԹŴΪƷдŴеζоЩǶǡ
ⶫĽϻʱ;ȥоӹⲿǡͦиоģ׼׷ȥǱ˵΢С˵ͦģֲöǶطʽڳء
ǵȷǳϲʱҶ룬ǲҲţ΢Ʒһ£ջǷˣ΢أǾζ룬ҳԡ
ȷӹʱȻ룬˼ҵƷܹȨȨѱʱĸѾͿпˣ˼ҸںǲаǵƷ˰ȨȫָŸҺء΢ƷҲиþͺˡ
ǿ϶ǲܵģ⳶ԶˣصǡҲоͦ˼ģ׷
ȥҪ׷ƺٰӹ˲ãĽڹϣӲһƷǡɹ˴ҵ򣬻ô˱ʾҪ׷˲ò
⵹ȤˣӹЩʼį

һڴС˵ǣôġˡʾҪ׷ǡлвߣԵ÷ǳ˷ܡ
ӹǹӹС˵ڼ䣬ǲƷҲǴҹעĽ֮һʵӦôһӹ䣡

һǡô׷ߣЩ⣬⻹úúøлһδ
ȻӦûֻдС˵ǻ׷
ȻǡһƷûһδӰҲԽԽ󣬻ȻᱻЩע⵽
ڣֻǰʱǰˣ˵Ȼһ¡
˽һ˹ڡǡۣûټܡǡ¡
ǰĿˣС˵ıϣԴҲǳȤ
ǸӺߣȻҲע⵽ˣûʲô̫ĸоֻǾСЩ˼
Ӧһߵװɣûʲôݣֻһָо
911ֹĿǰΪֹܹ364ˡ
ԤĲ࣬Ƶһ죬١
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ʾÿһƷڴֵڴֵĸߵͣϵʾȥۣһĿȻ
ǰһ趨ʽٷˡ
ȻƷȨȻԵٷֻǸӹ淶ģÿƷڴֵʾ˳ôҿӵķ㡣
ڴֵߵƷΪǣһһλңһλҡ

91010㣬ӹ΢׼ʱˣǡĵ¡
ʱ׷ˣѾֻǴС˵ǣдΪǰ£ʿ
һĸ£顣
󣬴ұĿ⻻صˣС˵ıϡ
ʿȽϵһǣȴԽԽ˷ܡ
ΪǱһˣЩߵǣض׷ࡣ
˭һࣿƷֱַʲô֣Щ˷ǳڴ



һǧʮ ɽ
־硣
˵СƣһˣԱˡ
һЦЦ˵ȷˣЩ棬ǸҵƷڴֵǶ٣
ҲЦҲܺ棬ȴԣߵǡ
һҲΪģͱɣܶѾˡ

ʱѧ
ԣԼǳǣڴĶű棬ƽ̨ϻһ֡
ĳԣһˣǿеЩǣӦöᱨ˰ɣǸһǷ⣬Ȼ飬ȴ֪
ţһȷֵڴ֮һ⻹вФƻˣʵȽһ٣ֻҪ͵࣬ǿû
˵Ĳ⻹֮ǰƵĴҶˣ˵һҲᱨ
˵Ĵʱ䶼ǱоƷžþûгڴһҲĻƷֵڴȽһƷֵڴ
ҿ쿴һˣû뵽ߵһǵһ
һ仰ʱôұøӵ˷ܣһķΪʵΪߵ·
ƲİĿ۽ıԱȻ˽һ֣Ʒϴ¼
һ˽ĵһ߳
һȻˣϴ¼˵һӵĹ𣿷ǳѽ
ӦþһӴĹˣȷǳˣھ뿴ˡ
ֻһһˣһεĴԱеĸӾʡ
ǽһҮ֪ҳЧǲһء

ǣһǣҲܿڴֵڴֵǡ
һڴֵƷڳˡ
־硣
һ˷ܵ飬ԼڴֵϾ¶΢Ц
һǲ⣬һжǵԤ֮С
ͬʱԲ̳ҾҲͻȻ߳ݺݵΪһ蹦̵һ
ֱԣϴ¼С˵ɹʱѧѡʸƷ
󣬡һǻճԵڮٹӹһ
ڿԾԿ϶ӹһҲڹעδıǽһĺ֮ߣ϶ǳļûκεİ취
һһܻģۿһ


ҾǵĲ벢ûдڵȷڹעıֻǲһܻӡ
ϴ¼ţе˼
һȷʵһûлɹ
ʵһεġϴ¼ҲעһΰƷĹâȻʧɫ


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һСĸ߳˵Ʒõǰڴֵ
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ʱһǷǳϤȴƺһЩİ֣˱
ҶƷ
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۹ȻҶĴ֮һҶԹȻģĴһιȻҪɽ
Ȼ֮ǰϢ˵ѾõĴңҲһγɽʼջЩŽɡ
ϾĴʵǳŵ̫ˡ
ڣԱΪʵĴĳɽˡ
ȻʱֻҶһˣţȻҶѾɽҲһɽġ
ȻҶ֮󣬱Ⱥ֣
һʣƷѪ塷
£Ʒ
Ʒ顷
Ĵһ߳
۹ĴҶˣһεĴԽԽˡ
ڷ·ѾܵսȼˣհɣհɣյøһЩ
һεƷԶǴҵ۷֮һʵ̫Ҹˡ

û⣬Ҷ˵ĲƷȫõڴֵߵڴֵ
ϲϳ֣ǵĴ£ճǡ
ϲȴûнĴ֮һҷǳϤһЩİ֣˱
Ʒ齣
˻ڷ㶣ûþϲֳˡ
ƣƷ͡
˾Ʒһ¡
߸磬ƷΡ
ͬǳõ㽭ĴңȻһεĴһ
֮ǰĴҳɽһ׼㽭Ĵһȴסˡ
˺һ֮˲ŷӦ
Բۣ㽭ĴҶɽˣ֮ǰôһϢû
ɽĽడһδߵŵĻ󣡡
ǰ˭뵽㽭ĴҶɽˣָӾˡ
ʣԵľʣʷǰľʣ쿪ʼɡ

㽭Ĵһɽڶʱ֮ڣǽȥˡ
㽭ĴҵƷȻҲߵڴֵ



һǧʮ Ӣ۴
ĴҶˣ㽭Ĵˣڱ֮ȫԼֱͬŵĻ׼һ˵ķӦ
˷ܡۣԼǵڴֵ֮ȫ¶΢Ц룺ҲûнôһεƷлһֱļǹҰɡ

ǵɽʮ˹עС˵絽顣
Ƿ׷׸̾
һεĴǰеҶˣ˼
٣ҿͲ͵õ˷һֱڵŻְɡ
ȷпҼǵ֮ǰ²һεĴ϶ǳ֡Ҳˡ
֪ӹ᲻оǳͣ
Ϊᣬµġǡоǳƽ͡

һᵽ˹ӹƺÿһδ۵ʱⲻҪᵽӹ
һǣԼЩȡ
ΪʲôѾȷӹμһεĴ£һҪᵽӹ
ΨһĴ𰸾ǣӹС˵磬ŷǳĵλΪС˵ǣҪᵽӹ
ôС˵˵ӹ϶ҲĲȥĿ
ЩǣҪȡӹС˵һ˵ݣôʵֵġ߸п
һһͬ͡
ֻǣС˵ڣһЩƺģǶȡӹС˵һ˵ݣʮ㡣

Ȧӡ
Ҷ˹Ȼ³ɽˣ֮ǰĲ²ȷġ
ǺǳɽǶܳΪһδǣǳɽɻһδӰø󡣡
˵ûһδӰԽ󣬶˵ԽֻǿϧӹûвμӣμӵĻƷ֮ǰûͻƣӰȴܼġ
ȷӰȻǹӹѾ뿪С˵þˡͿδ֮û˭ӰܹԽӹɣ
ôᵽӹˣҷÿ죬ƺҪᵽӹ
û취˭Ӱء


˵УʱһһĹȥܿ͵ϡ
ʥ塣
Թ֮ŵĻ˵СӾȻûб
һԵ֣ЦȰ㻹ǵȵٿɣСӾǹٳٲģҹõȵ12ǰһ̣Żᱨ
ߺߵ˵ҿСҲǹġʲô֣Ĳ˵Լı鿴ֳٳٲֱûûСҲСӻ˵СѾͷûûСҿԼҲһûûСġ
֣󣬹һЦ˵СһεȷɶԺҵᶨҪúʰһƼˣ㽭ߵߣô
ʵڵҶڲ֮䣬֮ǰڣǶôʱǱоڵʵôɾͲ˵ˡӦòʧǡ
֣ͷ˵ȷǶѾˣʵô𰸺ܿͻˡ
ͷǵƷֵڴģȻڴֵȲСӵƷôᵽСˣᵽҾϻ𡣡
֣һЦ

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ͷһͻȻľϲ
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ʱϵ1155֣оװƵʱ̵ˡ
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мʱ䣬ֹʱ͵ˣ׼һֹʱһж߲
߳ѹȥʱ̫ˣһûһģڽƽ̨죬պƽ
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Ҳ˯˰ɣʱͲٱˣҲڻ
û12˯ţҲ֪ʲôԭǾصʱֹɡ
Ҳ12֮ǰ˯ţ֪ϰ߲ãɾǸĲˣԽףǲһ˱ˣ
ûаɣôˣ˭ᱨҿأ٣һ˱ʲôӹλҲһ˯ȵȣšššӹղܣȻǹӹļٵģûۻɣ
ҿԺܸεĸ㣬ûۻΪѾ˼ʮ۾ˣǡӹ֣һǻʵĹӹʲôͬͬ֡
ղܣȻǹӹһذը
ȿƷţӢ۴
Ӣ۴ӹȻˣӦ˵漣ʲô

΢ЩˣͻȻ䣬ȫޡ



һǧʮ ڴֵ
Ѿҹ˾ܴʱѾ࣬ӹƷӢ۴ֳڱ֮ջ˲üΪҡ
ƽ̨ϣ˲˷ܵǣıԼʱ飬ѾЩǣʱﻹʲô⣿
ӹȻˣ˵һľϲһǳϲ
ǲΪӹƷȽһƷãӹȻǣС˵һ˵ݣΪڴƷȻǹӹƷ
֮ǰȫˣӹٻĽںܶԵϣӹܹġ
ڣӹȻĻˣܴҲ֪ʲôԭùӹҸڱڽֹǰһ̱ⲢҪ
֮ǰȷӹΪӹǲһЩʧҲڴʱʧӰ١
˭˵ӹûģⲻ
ʱΪǣֻеǳңһֱڱڵһʱ䣬˹ӹı
ЩʱѾ˯˵ˣڻ֪ӹѾˣǾ͸ӵ˷ܡ
۹ǵһ֪ӹˣ̫ˡ˯кô
룬Щ֮󣬵֪ӹѾ֮ʱ֪һı飿
ǶȻȫŵıˡ

˷˺ܳһʱ֮Щ˵ǣ½˯ȥ

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֣ࡢˣһ߻壬һ졣
֣Ӣ۴ô
˼Ƿǳ⣬ֻǴһʲôƷ
֣ȷʲôſİɡ
÷ĵͷ

һҲͬ˯֮￪ʼڴ
Ϊ챨Ѿӽ쿪ʼЩǣͻ½ʼԼƷˣЩƷɶÿһλңĿǰΪֹ۷ˮƽһʢ磬ѾĻ
һѾ
һжλ߱ܶԴʣ½ʱѧٷվС˵רҳ档
δ屨ȸо˽ƽ̨ϵƺǳ𱬡
ʲô˵ʱӦñȽƽŶֹţЩɻȥƽ̨ϵݡ
֮͵һͻƽ̨ϣ˵ľȻȫӹйء
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ǣæȥڱ棬һߣǹӹ˭
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ӹȻʱ̱
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ʱ򣬻һЩ֪µԣҲط֪ˣӹѾС˵һ¡
ȻԴ˷ǳɣȴȻڵһʱ䣬˹ϵıȷϡ
ȷʵĽȻĿɿڴ꾹Ȼġ
ӣƽ̨ϣĳ׵ˡ
Բ۰һͿϢʵ̫̼ˡ
֮ǰ˭˵ӹһţ
ӹڻǲʼį̫ˡӣһεĴˣûκεźˡ
ֻ˵Ŀǰ׶ˣȵС˵ܹɹãʱѧѡʸǲ
Զԣ
˵ʵڴĻǹӹƷԶҲǣҵһοԽŮʱּ顣
ҲǣڴʵҲǹӹƷӢ۴ţȻⲿƷҪдʲô
дʲôأڴ

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ȻⲢʾھΪӢ۴δУõƷ
ҲǳڴӢ۴һҪ侲һЩ͹ⲿƷδرȵϣһġϴ¼
ҲɣҲӹεġӢ۴δϵƷȻڴⲿӢ۴ΪǹӹƷ
ÿ˵ƷǶûпӹġӢ۴Ҳãһġϴ¼ҲãֻҶ˵ƷпδϵƷ˵ǵƷǳڴҪѡһڴƷĻȻѡһ˵Ʒ
˵ûӹҲͰˣڼȻˣƷͱڴֵߵƷƷõƷ
ڴֵҲǣӢ۴ڴֵֻܺ͡ϴ¼Ʒһ
˭˵ֻһˣǿԸһ
ǣðɣЩǣƻġ
УôˣڴֵƳģһнȨǡС˵һ˵ƷȻҪĴǡҪǲ͸ǣǳΪС˵һˣǰǵƷڴֵΪʮǡ
еһнȨ˵㡣
ãô죬ڴֵӹƷȻҪĴ
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Ӣ۴ΪδϣΨһһڴֵΪǵƷ
ȻĹУҲõ˲Եǿҷԣ硰ҾĳԱôܹӢ۴ڴֵһġϴ¼
ϧԵ̫٣Ӣ۴ջͨˣڴֵ



һǧʮ ľ֣ش֮
Ӣ۴ΪΨһһڴֵΪǵƷȻڴֵа׵λá
ңŻɫСǣǳۡ
ʹ÷ǵһοˣһ㶣Ȼﺰһ䣬ԲۣôһڴֵΪǵƷ
ȻϸһţӢ۴ûʲôоһӹ
ӣ˵ķӦ͸ͬˡ
˴һ˼ûʲô̫ĸоȴһЩףҲԺԡ
ʵλѣڴֵֻ߲ΪʲôӹƷڴֵǣ
ԴΪǹӹƷ
ֵ֪ǹӹƷС˵һϺܶ˶֪ɡǺܶ˶˵ƷѾ𣿶֮ǰ˵μһεĴΪʲôƷڴֵǣ
ִΪӹС˵λ㲻С˵㲻
˵ðɣȷ̫ûйϵƺ˼ˡ
Եȷ˼ˡ

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С˵Ƿǳ˷ܣ˷̶ܳȣ֮ǰ硶ǡʼصʱҲǲضá
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ڣӹڷС˵磬Ϊӹеˡ
ңǲģӹС˵֮󣬻᲻ټءǡ
ţӹȫͬʱأȫͬƷ
ڣӹ΢ϣѾˡǡĵھ¡

ڹӹͻȻидˣԺʹС˵֮⣬һǡ
ӹһĲƣ˭뵽Ȼͷˡ
Ҽǵ֮ǰ˵˵ӹܻѡ˫Ǳ˵׼ˡǲ֪ѡ˫ͼƻõģֹڿ쵽ʱһʱ嶯ģ֮𣬻ǲСġ
ǰһʱ嶯ģһεⲿӢ۴ǸϲϽһҶ˵Ʒˡ
ܸϲϵϣӹһ£ӹС˵Ӱ˿ɱȵġӹıԻһС˵Ӱһߡ
ǿ϶ġͻȻǸӺǴˣߵסڣðơӹ˼ƹӹо൱Ρ
㶨ӹȡġӺɡȴ˭֪ӹƣˡ
Ӣ۴ڴֵǣӹеĵλʼնڵһλð
ǰ֮ǰӹ˳С˵磬һΪеĵλءڿûн
˵ʵǷǳĽ֪Ľ
ҶԡӢ۴ǵڴֵȫԽܣҹЩ˴ʱǷǳջ𣬺ѽء

ߣڹӹıǷǳϲģڡӢ۴ǵڴֵҲܹ̹Ȼܡ
ûʲôģв˵ΪС˵һˣǿ԰ƷڴֵΪʮǡ
ҲһЩߣȴԵ޷ܣ˵һ
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һǳĲ⣬ӿƷȴ˹ӹƷǵڴֵ
ӹƷҲǵڴֵҲͰˣƫƫǣһΨһһڴֵƷ
Ҳǳ⣬ȴǱȽһҪ࣬̾Ϣһ˵СƣȲҪ˵ӹеĵλû½δؾһ¡
һô᲻ǻأڷǹעһδˣ֪˹ӹġӢ۴ǵڴֵҵġϴ¼ȴֻǵڴֵЩԵ˵ԵĶΪӹҪδʱǶԹӹӢ۴ĹעҲࡣԲһ¡
󣬵һЦ˵˵ȷڣ¶棬бףҿһεƷõǵڴֵҪġ
״һ侲һЩ˵࣬ô˵
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˵ǱǺİѡӢ۴ڴֵΪǣʵаѡӢ۴Ƶ˷˼⡣
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ӹԼ϶û뵽Ӣ۴ڴֵᱻΪǣڣΪͷء
ķһ۾һո̫ˣû뵽ЩڿƺȷҪ
ҲνˣǾǰɡһ



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Ҳ֪ȻƷǳڴʵΪƷһδõƷ
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⣬ֻ֪ǣ绹кܶ˽С˵ˣʵҲ̫һεƷΪһִƿڣһεƷѳԽ֮ǰƷ
Դˣ׼˵ʲôһжӢ۴ȥ˵ɡ
Ӣ۴ȻǰӹƷһƷ춨˽ӹĵλ
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Ӱɼһߡ
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һԽŮС˵ʷ¼ԪС˵һˣҲȻ뿪ڣһӢ۴Ƿߣ

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һý壬ڹӹһµĵͷ˹㷺Ĺע
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ӿ͹ϿⲿƷڴֵӦǰ뵽֮䣬ȽһҶ¡˾˵ƷڴֵԵ͡
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ɷϵǣƷԡ桱ʤϿѾ֮ǰƷҲ統ʱͬʱصĽһƷ
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ѡȻȷģȻǣС˵һ˵ݣܹõ֤
ڣȥʱ䲢̫ңӹʱһֱڽбС˵
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ϣýΪӹӢ۴ڴֵӦñȽһҶ¡˾˵ƷڴֵԵͣǰ뵽֮䡣



һǧʮ Լһ
ýһۺԵý壬ڹڵ֪Ⱥܸߣ֡
ոյķҲǱȽϿ͹ۣڿ⿴˥ӹƷ
ˣõ˴˵Ͽɣ˾νΪӹеźΪӹͲӦûҲֻ
ԭӢ۴ڴֵֻǰ뵽֮䡣ûйϵǰ뵽֮ҲãҲգֻҪεĴܹ־ͺãҷҲǿ֡
ɣ֮ǰ˵ӹӦûɣΪһˣεĲƷȴ˥ˣǺαأ
ǰҵ֪ӹѾʱĵһоǣˣôС˵ȥˣͲȻҲӹȥ飬ϾһµǱѰ
ӹ̫ˣԸ֮󲻻һεľ
Ӣ۴ڴֵֻǰ뵽֮䣬̫ˡС˵һѾʱˣѾʱˡ
԰ЩȨýķף֮ǰЩԣȻڴֵΪǣ

һǿֵķԼ˵Ϊջ
ʲôЩýͲӹĿеĵλЩ˵ˣҪôЩԹӹĵߣҪôǡҾһˡ
ֵķãǿ͹ۣûп⿴˥Ӣ۴ؼЩߴߴˣᡣ
ˣøǼƽϣһһιӹִһ漣أǾԼɡ
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ӹǳлһνǵרáȣһ£ʲôԭһεС˵ϣطأ
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Ȼ˶ΪӦǹӹһֿЦķʽǲңҶԴôҾ͸ǣӦðڴֵʮҡ
ؼǣЦԼһӰ



һǧʮ С˵ʢ翪ʼ
ӹԼһӣøʿеЦΡ
ȻǲƵĹӹԼڿӣԶȱҪڵô
ЩһֱԹӹĵߣԼҾһԣȴԵ÷ǳ˷ܡ
ܹӹǲǿЦ仰Ѿųˣ˶Ѿˡ
ȵδٰ֮ѹӹβɷҳǾԵЦ󷽣澡ʧ
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һʿ۷׷ף౨־Ҳûš
ȫЩƷڴֵϵĲңǵı־ϣһεĲƷ
ģ˿ǰС˵߲Ҳ֪Ἣࡣ
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Ҫ̶ȵĳҪþģڴֵߵĲƷǵı־Ͻء
ڸλ˵ȻϣԼһεĲƷܹڷ౨־ء
ڴֵߵƷб־ţڴֵ͵ƷֻԼұ־Ŭˡ
ڣȫǰļ־ֱǡЦ־С˵޽
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߲ܶò˶Ρ
־ȫǵߣҲͬŬǵ־磬ҶŬС
ȻڽһҶˣҪЩκ˶֪ǵƷһ־緢

ҲڹעţǿõЩƷһ౨־Ϸ
౨־磬Ҳڲ繫˭˭˭ƷѾ־ǩԼһڴر潫ڶٺŷС
ÿһ־綼ƳˣרΪһδеر档еڿҲƽʱɣʱܸݾ
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һ־һԣͿԿ20ಿƷڶ˵ǾһζĴͣͬʱҲǳ㡣
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ҪȿçӢۡҵҪСӣʲô¸ȡӺ
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һС˵ʢ磬Ŀʼˡ



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˽֮ţԵӵķȥ

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Ҷ˶ˣһ10Ʒʵ̫ˡ
Ҳ10Ʒˣоһܿô飬ʵ̫Ҹˡ
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ϲĻҶġڹӹ֮ǰҾҶԡҿⲿ·ֻصǸʱ򣬿ƷʱָоȻֻһָоǸʱƷڿֻܺٺ
ȷҶ߹ҸоȽһġϴ¼ÿ
ҵΪһġϴ¼ӺÿһЩȻֻǱȡôһ㡣
ʵһƷãڸܿ϶ֻеȵкڵʱ򣬲ܹϿ϶
ȷˣڱȽϵĽֻǿͷ֣Ϊȡϴ¼á

һƷãÿ˶ԼĿҲףԴҲûкۣ˭ƷһЩ
ֻǣһϣܹһֱ۵ĽԱȣһҿ֪ڴ˵һƷһЩ
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Ҳ֪ǣһеԸʱѧٷС˵רҳ棬ƳһµĹܣְܡ
ǱǶÿƷʵʱ֣ʱѧίᣬվھԹƽĽǶȣֹÿһƷ֡
˵ܵõÿһ˵Ͽɣ϶õ˵Ͽɡ
µֽÿƷ½ڣк24Сʱ֮ڸ¡
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һڲǣ˻ϲǡ
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ǳЩ֪֪֮ԼƷְֻߡ
Ҫλ̫ǶٻЩ˵ġ
ֻǣˣҲʱѧٷȡְֻܾƷдһЩԼƷҪô
Щûбǣ˰Ҳѣҿʱûг嶯Ȼְλãǵöඪˣ

ְһһǱµĿʼۣһƷӦܹõٷ֣
10ֵĻҶġôҲ9.5ϰɡ
࣬һġϴ¼ӦҲ9.5ҡ⣬ӺġçӢۡӦҲ9.0ҡ
ЩƷҿĶԣӦҲ7.0ϣҾöǲġ

۷׷ףȻÿ˵Ŀһڴϵĵ÷ϣҵĿΪһµġ
磬͡Ʒھ÷˭˭ͣۡ
ϣҶΪǵĵ÷֣Ӧ9.5ҡ
Ȼٷֳ¯֮󣬴ȴǼɵˡ
6.7֡
ϴ¼6.5֡
çӢۡ6.0֡
Ʒĵ÷֣ȫ6.0֮£͵ֻ3.8֡
˵6.0ǼֵĻֻƷ񣬶ҶǸչ߲Զ
ȥʱѧٷҪҲ̫˰ɡеУ



һǧʮ ܹöٷ֣
ְķ֮ͣһᡣ
ΪЩƷǽһҶƷԵľƷΪʲôôͣٷҪҲ̫˰ɡ
ȷǺܸߣΪԾƷƷﾹȻŸոռ񡣲ŵһڣٷķܱȽϱأʱžչ÷Ӧûǡ
ϣ˰ɣһ÷Ϊ5.5ֵƷһûпȥݹٷֱ׼5.5ҲǸ߷ˣƷǿӦûǷǳġ
ǱǡÿˣȷȡçӢۡ١һ5.3ֵƷûпȥǱ

ְĺô֮һ̾ʾ˳Ϊѡ飬ṩ˷ǳķ㡣

һǣְϵķҲǼɵۡ
ʱѧٷƷҪҪԶ֮ǰϸöࡣ
һʱû뵽⣬ǵ
ǱǣС˵ҪɹץסλᣬʱѧѡʸѶȣҲ˼ȼ
˵ʱѧίС˵ãʱѧѡʸҪҪһƷĵ÷֣9.0ϵĻ
ôһιûϣˣҲ໹е
˵Ʒĵ÷֣пܻƷƽ
Ҫ6.7֣9.0֣ǲܵġ
ң÷ֻпžƽء
ڣҶͽһĵ÷ֱ֣6.7ֺ6.5֡
ô֮ӹһʡ˵Ʒ÷֣ҲңҪõ߷֣϶ǲܵˡ
뵽ЩһǲЩơ
ˣڵһܵ˲СĴ
ȻҲûбҪ٣Ͼ9.0ֵҪֻǴԼΪġ
˵ʱѧίᣬеҪ8.0֣ء
˵һҪϣҪԼڵС˵ˮƽĵһϸߵĲΣǺϣġ˵
Ҳܿõ˴ҵϿɣûϣӦûǲСġ

־硣
Ҷĵ÷ֱԼԸߣһ΢Щ֮⣬Ҳǿܹܡ
ϾҶٱҪʮصĴģֵļݿӦҪ֮ϣټεƷ׼ôãͷ׶εĵ÷ֱԸߣʵҲ
һģڽɷ
Ȼٷ֮ͣʹĳ˽һԤˡ
࣬ʱѧٷҪҪĸߵöడһ˵
ʹС˵ɹãʱѧѡʸеԸ
Ӱڴöࡣ
ֻڣƺ֮ǰԤҪѵöˡ
СƣȫûбҪ룬е˼ڡϴ¼Ĵϰɡ粿˵ٷҪҲûУԼôߡ
һһ˵ף࣬ҵĴܴӰ졣
ͷֵӹ¡˵ƷҲ̷УǵƷҪϸȥ
һģЩҶ֪

ͬʱҶ¡ƵˣҲΪְһ¸еȡ
ӣûеôɰûйϵӲŸȤ˾

ʥ壬Եǰ
ǺЦʱѧǱߵҪǳϸ߲6.7֡˵СΪܹöٷ֣
˵ҲͱǸһɡ
⵹ǫ飬ǵ÷п̫ܲߡ
Ӣ۴ȻǾеľ䣬ֻһµĻ÷ֻп̫ܲߡ
ȻҲһһί۹ϬӵһͿƷĲǵ÷ֹƾͲˡ
ĻشЦСӺҶͽһƷеĸáںЩΪ㵣İ
֣Ҳû˵ƷҲĸãСһεܸܲɹǣۻȴһʺŰɡ
֣ˣȻΪġ
ֻǣ˲ǰѸø˿˺Щˡ
һЦȻλ˵˼ͬϷһ㣬־콫ҪеģЦرһڡ
Ȼ󣬽־ֱݸλˡ
֣۾һÿǾ֪ݹʲô־
ţСӻеġ˺ˣˣҪǿ顣
֣ǺһЦͬ˻֡
ͬһЦ˸ǡ

915š
һ𴲣컹иྫʵƷȥء
ľʣǶڽƷӵڴ
Ȼʱѧٷĵ֣һ
ûö೤ʱȻˡֵ;͵£ֻҪƷ㹻ÿС



һǧʮ Ϥľ֮
ΪڴģǽһҶƷֵڴƷԶҪࡣ
ӹһʡ¡вФƻ˵Ʒڽ쿪ʼء
⻹һЩڴֵΪǵƷҲڽ쿪ʼء
˵ĻôǸ߳
峿ĳͤǰ
ʮ˻վΧڱͤǰһߵűͤţһ졣
ڴ˭Ʒ
϶ǹӹġӢ۴Ȼܶ˶ΪӢ۴Ȳ¡˵ƷȴȻڴ
춼˵Ҷ߹ΪӹӦҲ߹
͹˵Ӣ۴Ȳ¡˵ƷȻڴӢ۴

˵ţͤϰˡ
Ҫ־ıЦ־С˵޽
ʱıЩʱ˹ٷְ֮ġ
屾ʣµҲȿְ֮򡣡
־֣ؼȥˣҿ֮󣬶Ľƽ̨Ͻнɡ
Ȼÿ춼ڵġ

־˷׷׸ǣ˻ؼңȴֻȥ˾ϰء
ʢֻȥ˾Щؼҵļһϰ𣿡
ôֹһ䣬ЩĽЩԻؼңһƿļһ
֮ʢȥĹվ̨˹ȥ˾
ϣʢһ־һڳϿ飬оͷΣˣֻҲͷΣֻʵʵţų
ЩĽԱڿļһոһۣǼһ￴ƺǡЦ͡
ЦҲаֻǲܿ㿴¶ġ
һ֮ʢŤͷԱǼһȻڿ飬ǳרעӡ
̲סһ䣬ֵܣһƷ
ţûӦûǲԸش𣿡ʢֹҲûټʵڶ顣
һ˼ǲԸشأǾˡ
ʢȴ˼ҳϵݣǡÿôһλ
ѰģȻ¾д֮ˣĲ书黭ԣҽ࣬УһᣬһֻǼŰˡ˵̧ͷһֲ£̾һ
¹ӳ£˼۽ǱߺȻ˼ˮ
һλʢкǱӣ˭ƷĲ书黭ԣҽ࣬УһᣬһţƴãͲ
һһߵƷʢ϶
ӽһСʱʱ䣬ڵվˣʢ¹·һͣȻ˾Լλ
ϰʱ仹һʢһ߳ͣһȲķЦ
ڴƷǹӹġӢ۴ˣ׼ȿģǡӢ۴
ͨĿ¼׵ķءӢ۴ҳ档
һ£ѩ䡣
ʢЩ˷ܺͼӹعС˵ĵһƷڳǰ
Ǯƺƽˮҹҹݵģ·ٰţҴƹ뺣
һʮڰҶƻհ죬ǰʱ
ǰҰݸʼƣһĨбӳ֮£˼
ΧһѴŮŮʮСԾ۾һ˵

ȫĵĵһΣˮ渵ͬչһ΢ЩĻ档
ʢһȭͷͨһ֣оӹıƺǰǿˡ
ĸе¿ȥȻûãָеһɱߡ
ߵȻǡӢ۴Ȿ飬ݡ
λһλ˵˵飬˵ǽԴ֮µ
ʷ˽ʢͨ˵ߵĻܹƶϳʱıӦڻʵʱڡ
ⲿӢ۴Ӧú͡ԽŮһһʵʷϵƷ
ǹӹǳóһַʽڱ߹ʢֱø˷ܣ·һ֣һοԽŮʱ־֮С

ָоԶԶֹʢһˣǴʱڿӢ۴ˣһָо
ָо˷ܡӢ۴ΪڴƷһƪջ˵һݾϲ
Ȼڻ˵һƷжãѾоһƷ֮ǰڴĸá
Ϊҿ԰ڴֵøһЩڴֵΪǵĻҶʮңҲͲˡ
ϴιӹר˵һ仰ʱҶΪǹӹЦһַʽ
ڣͻȻãӹʱһλȫڿЦ


һǧʮ ٿһ飬ôˬ
鼤ˣ濴ȥ
λݵ˵֮ţҴλ߳Ծơ
λֱХġ
ڴͷһСƵ꣬СƵϰǸӣ
С߼£Ӿ䣬ն۱°ȥһܴ裬үү׳־δ꣬ٵ֣ΰտ಻ԡ
ֱùХ졢Ķߡ
оȻӢɣһڶǾϲֱߣǲֻˣһ޾̾Ϣʷ
λڡλʵۣھ֮У°ȥʵܴ衣
˱̾ǣɴҾʤ̣ɱýɾ֮ʱθȴͻȻҪͣʮɰʦس
¼ƣڷ粨ͤɣغգ
̾Ϣһ˼¿
һϣХ졢ĶˣԵʱзִͷСƵϰ壬ں˴򶷣书Ȼʮ˵á
ȥٰʹе֮һ·׷١
׷֮ȫɱ֮󣬽г˶ڰĹХ졢Ķˣԭ֪˶˶ڰ
ڹΪɱڵʱȴǵĳ
ԭ˶֮󣬹Хɽúʢĺ´˵ĺ
ҲΪˣûɱˡ
һڣڹ˾￴ʢͻȻԼһӡ
ǹХ˵һ˲ѧѧ䣬ֻרһ£ҲҪץҲҪͷٲһ޳ɡ
ѰģȻ¾д֮ˣĲ书黭ԣҽ࣬УһᣬһֻǼŰˡ
һλ֮ǰʢڹϣԱǸһϣ鵽һλ
ʱλţƴ̫ˣ϶һ˵Ʒ
ȴ˭֪꾹ȻǹӹġӢ۴
˵Ҳ֣ʱڳϿλʱôţƴ̫ףȴеǳ˷ܡڴУָһĴڣ
ǰֿνرΪλ
ΪǰģΪǹӹƷʢԼҲǺ
ֻʢĴ󲿷ˣע⵽һλҲͬǣе˷ܺڴ
»ڼתۼѾﾡ
һѩ죬Х졢ģԼԵƼϧڼơ
öߴ·ϣһ̤ѩ֮Ų伫죬תͷȥǸʿ
ǵʿͷң£ȫ˰ѩбһϻɫ˿ڷбֱ𣬷ѩ죬󲽶УŷǷ
ԺÿͣλȲĵˣڴѩ֮жУ
˱ǳ𴦻һˣٸ׷
һ۱ƳĹ˾ѰΪǹٸ磬ڴ˵Լ
һ֮𴦻֪˹˾֪֮ԼԷĺ⡣
Ǹ֮󣬹𴦻𴦻ȻӦʡ
ڼ䣬к׷𴦻ʩչ书׷ĺ˶һ󣬽кȫɱ
ɨս𴦻˴ơ
󣬾ͨҽ𴦻Ƴ˵Ӿ
˴ϲ֮£𴦻δĺȡ
𴦻ûоܾ˵ĺӣֱȡΪ͡
ŮʹãҺĪ֮ܡ֮⡣
֮𴦻Զȥ
ĵӰϧһѪδɨɾѪһ·ɨȴѪľͷһδȥ
ϧļѼ᲻ɱǺˡ
¹һҹͻȻٱΧ˵Ҫ׽÷
һս֮󣬹Хս֪ХƼ֪٣ϧȴһȡ
ӺȻ֮ǰϧȵǸˡ
һ¡ѩ䡱һǿ֮ȴ㶵ģЩûлع
¾ԭ֮һоΪңͻȻ˺ʹĲѡ
ʮҸͥҲȴһҹʵꡣ
칫ʢ̾һʱѾϰʱ䣬ȴʼվϰࡣ
ԺȫǸոտġѩ䡱ݡ
ȻʢԲǿԼõ͵͵뵽ٷĽƽ̨ϡ
ʱĽƽ̨ϣѾǳˡ
ոտˡӢ۴ĵһ¡ѩ䡯ȻЩأʵ̫ˣ˵仰һҪȥһ顣
ͬ˰Ҳ˵һѾһ顮ѩ䡯ˣȻҲҪȥڶˡ
ͬȥͬȥ

ƽ̨ϣܶ˶ʾҪȥڶ顰ѩ䡱
ʢ۾һ԰ȻӶǡѩ䡱ڣΪβٿһ飿
ʲôϰʱ䣿쾤ҵҵĹôãżҲ͵һ
ǣʢһηˣһ¡ѩ䡱Ŀͷ
Ǯƺƽˮҹҹݵģ·ٰţҴƹ뺣

ٿһ飬оôˬ


һǧʮ һ
ٷƽ̨
ЩʱûпӢ۴һҲʲôôôˣڱʾҪȥڶ飿
˵û˽һ°ΪʲôҶҪȥڶ飿̫ÿˣֻһ鿴
ٺ٣Ȼ̫ÿˣڵڶ鶼ˣһ뿴ء
ôÿ콣һҶƷҪÿ
ȻҪÿö࣬ôΪġ
õ𰸣ʱûпӢ۴ˣһǶ˵ӹڴƿڣһεƷ̫ŵһھʹˣţҲȥ
ɻҲˡЦ
Ȼƽ̨ϣҲȫǹڡӢ۴ۡ
Ͼһʡ¡вФƻƷĺҲܸߡ
ҲкܶѡȿǵƷ֮󣬻Ƿǳϲġ
һʵġѪ塷˭ˣоҶġһͬ߹ˡ
ֹһʣȿµġͬоҶġ
ҿġ顷ͬʱǳľʡ
ô˵Ҷѷָ£һλҲͬѷָˣ
ҿӦþ⣬˿вФƻ˵ƷҲͬǳľʡ˵Ǳ콣һġϴ¼Ҳ˶١һξʵƷʵ̫ˣоĿϾӵӡ
һʵ˵ƷȷʣŵĻǹӹġӢ۴ҿЩˣʾ˵ҪڶءһûпҲ֪ǲôÿ
Ҳ˵ӹأոҲö˶˵Ҫڶ飬ҲˮӦõȷܺÿˡˣھȥ綼Ҫġ
ţҲȥˡ


ʱѧί칫ҡ
һֱǳϲС˵һʱС˵ͻȻһȫµʱС˵ѧԣͿɶԽԽߣǳϲΪС˵Ѿˣʱѧѡʸ
ί룬֮õ˲ίίԱͬ⣬ͬʱҲ⵽ˣһλ貨Ϊ׵ίίԱǿҷԡ
˫ãҲûдͳһһεС˵
ϣһܹ֣˵㹻ǿƷɡ
콣һҶƷȻˣ֮Ƿǳġ
ֻǣ̶ֳȣ޷˵貨һ˵ġ
Ȼ˵ƷŸտʼأھ½ۻΪʱ硣
ֻԼоϣȽã
ûоźΪصһ˵Ʒûп
ǱǹӹġӢ۴
Ȼ粢áӢ۴ȻΪ
˵һҶңǹӹȻѾΡ
˵Ʒһı׼ȥУ
ԣϰ;УһұͤһЦ
칫֮һƽʱϲȵĲ裬ȻڴķЦ־ҵӢ۴صҳ档
һ鿴֮ŨŨľϲ֮ɫȻֿ˵ڶ顣
ڶȵһ鿴øϸ
֮ЦӹƷȻʧ
ȻⲢ˵ƾӢ۴ĵһ£ܹ˵貨ˡ
ʵϣһ£Ҫ˵貨˵Ĳ࣬ȻǲС
ֻǣһΪǿҵԤУⲿӢ۴ĻҪúܶ࣬һܹɹ˵貨һˡ
иˣšЦ־ֺǺǵ貨İ칫ҡ
貨ЦǴ̽鱨ˣܿϧһеƷУˮƽߵıǡϴ¼Ʒ޷ͨȻҲϣЩƷҲȷһѧԺͿɶԣǣǵҪɲô͡
Ȼһε¼ϣ󣬵ֻǹϵ飬˵Ĺϵûʲô⡣
貨˵꣬ǺЦ裬ҪһҵȻͬ⡣֮С˵ʱѧѡʸ룬ڵС˵ȷʵѾ֮⣬ǿ޴ķչǱ
貨ͷȻףҲȫܾС˵ѡʸ񣬵ȵС˵淢չһʱȻͬ⡣
һЦ˵һܿͻᵽ
Ŷ貨ƾ衶ϴ¼̶ֳȵƷԶԶġ
ȻǣӹġӢ۴㻹ûпɣ
貨ʱûУĪǣΪӢ۴ܹﵽҵҪ󣿡
ȻУΪžչһԡ
𣿡貨һ˿ȤЦҿɵúúõĿһˡܹţ
ŵ־貨İ칫ϣЦɣ־Ҷùˡ
˵꣬Ƶ貨İ칫ҡ
貨Цҡҡͷ˵һ䣬Ӣ۴ǾҺúõĿһ°ɡ
֮µġЦ



һǧʮ ڻ
ŰСʱ֮貨šЦİ칫ҡ
ǺЦ裬ˣΣ
貨־֮˵ȷܲԽԽʵĻҲȷпܴﵽҵҪ󡣲ҲҪֹ̫ˣⲿƷʱΪеߣ϶ѼԦϾǳƪƷҲʮ֣ǡԽŮĶƪԣҲ̫ķչ
ŶЦ裬ǶԹӹûİ
貨ӹôţϾڻᣬԦԽŮĶƪȻû⡣ƪĻʵ˵ҵȷáȻⲢǷʵٹ꣬ʮ꣬ұˡ
ͷ⻰ûдȻûȷ֤ݣӸϢƶϣӹ͵ȷӦòҪȫԦáӢ۴ȷЩѡһǿҵĸоȫܹԦãûԭֻһָо
貨Цɣϣĸоȷġ

ٷƽ̨
ʱѾ꡶Ӣ۴һµѾ٣ڵһµѾΪ
ҿӢ۴͸оڿһչĻָоʵ̫ˡΪڴƷ
ǣ֮ǰЩý廹˵ǰѡӢ۴ڴֵΪǴģڿֻ˵
ǵ۹УרҵýأԵ۹
ûע⵽˵Щ˵ǸһĴڣҷǳڴ
Ȼע⵽ˣҵʱʱ򣬾ͼĲУʵ̫ڴˡ
ľȻ˵ĺˣҹҲ͹ӹôдϧŵһ¾Ѿ֪
ǰʵʹģҿʼΪ͹ХءڿӦǵĺӣˡ
ӦһˣΪֻĵӰϧȣӦܹɹХƼ֪ҲѾʲôˡСδء
˵ȰϧǸˣܾʮֿɣͻҹƾСӸɵġԭòİϧַõϧ
ҿСҲǺˡΪ𴦻ҲΣҪڹЩ˶֣ͲǸδĺˣϧҲͲȥǸˣҲûкˡȻǹ𴦻ƵģԣҲܹȫ𴦻ֻܸ̾һˡ
˵ΪӢ۴ٷ֣
ǿɲ˵ǾúÿģδؾúáӦò콣һҶƷͰɡ
˵ȵʱ򿴰ɡ

Ƕܺ棬ٷ׻ΪӢ۴ٷ֣

ʥ壬Եǰ
ЦǺǵʵôϣԡӢ۴ɻ⣿
쿴ʱǳ˷뼤ܹоǳĲ
ƾ飬ӦпܴﵽʱѧίҪС˵ɹץסһλᣬӹСӹȻʧ
ֻʱȴǵһЦ˵ţȷʵܲⱾеߣƲƿأе㵣СܹܲԦã
֣ӿͷȷܲ滹ҪԽԽʲС
𣿡һЦ˵ǾϼڴĹ°ɡ

磬ǵڴУʱѧٷְڸˡ
ӹӢ۴7.1
һʡѪ塷6.7
¡6.6
顷6.6
⣬вФƻ˵Ʒ÷ֱ֣Ϊ6.2֣6.1֣6.3֡
˵Ʒ÷־6.0¡
ֱ׼ǶڽЩƷĵ÷֣Եò⣬ҲԶ
Ӣ۴7.1֣Ҳ˸š
Ҿ֪Ӣ۴ĵ÷Ҳ̫ߣԺĵ÷ֻԽԽߵġܶԶ˵

־磬һĸ˹䡣
һֳȭݺݵһǷߺ֮ɫԽҶ˵ƷֱԸߣ޷ܹӹƷֱߣһ߳˺ü֡
ӹ°ܽƵһ뿪С˵硣
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Ӣ۴ڵڶعǵ7.3֣˸顣
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ġ齣һڵУڹӹġӢ۴6.8ֵֶӵڶ
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ʱһֱϡң߹ֻһֱûҵƼĸӣҲҪҹʮΪֹ
ΪһԼΪһزʶĸӣ߹ܹˣһǰݣԼ˵֮ķǳ塣
ڣ˷ܺͼǣ߹ҵ˹
߹ȷǸСǹ֮ʱÿ˵Ŀϲһ͸ֽ棬ܹǳĸо
ֻǣЩͷԣѧƺȽ޶ۣý߹ַǳʧ
߹Ȼúý̵书ùҹһˣһɽ֮ȥǡ
Ȼп˼߹뿴һСҲڰҹϻɽ
һǿ˷ܲѣΪ߹ҵ˹Ϊ߹ǿǽ
н߹ڣԪػٵ



һǧʮ ׹צ
߹ٴγ֣˷ܲѣٷĽƽ̨Ҳ˲ࡣ
߹ҵ˹ʮ֮¥֮ԼȻѽ
⺢ƺȷȽ޶ۣĺòϣƲĶ֡
ҲһϾǣ˵пǸŮ
ô˵߹־ǹʦˡ֪ҹ֮ʱСҲȥɽ߹֣
ǿ϶ȥСȻͷԣɫȴǳˡ
˷ܵǣڽ߹ٴγ֣Ԫؿ϶ٲˡٺ٣ЩĵˣҪʧˡ
ҸϽ¿ȥҺоҪʲôһ㡣
Բݣʲô£»ǻ£ˣԼ

˵ҪˣһҲ˲üˣ׷װĿƻص־ϡ
ûã˶أһԲݣҪˡ
ҹ߹ڻɽϵСȻСû߹ȴǷһǳֲ顣
ɽ֮ϣһһеķǳͷ
ÿһͷоŸΪ㣬²вϲһ
ֲǣÿͷͷǶϣиտָĶףָһ㡣
˵ָȻܹ˵ͷǣһľ
С˵ǹС˵һΪǹΪ
ȻⲻǹС˵ҲѾ㹻ɭˡ
ָͷǣЩĻ룬Ѿ˲
ֻǣ书֮ǿ˲̵
أԲţн߹еҲš
ǣϴǣˣһˣǱǽ˳ơڷ˫ɷһԷޣʬ磬Ůʬ÷硣
ģָͷǵһ书׹צ
⣬˻һŽơ书ͬǳ̡
˱Ƕһͽܣȴ֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬱һ
书ǿԲ̣ڽѪȷ磬̸֮ɫ䣬Ϊڷ˫ɷ
ڷ˫ɷ˽ߣܵڶ཭ʿļΧɱ
ĸ±аҲһΧɱֻǲںڷ˫ɷ֮֡
һ֮󣬺ڷ˫ɷûڽϳ֣˶ΪѾˡ
ȴ룬ǲûǶ⼫ĴĮ֮أ书߹ڽҹз֡
˵ִ꣬ʧɫ
һһһ㶵ģеϢ̫Ҫһ¡
š׹צƣ
书书һ֣֪ǳݶ书ַǳûУ
Ǿ׹צһǿʱȻ֪һż̵书ȴȻ̲ס˷ܡʵ̫ˡ
ǿôС˵׹צֱ֣ɱһ书ӹ֮ǰԼƷеЩ书
Բݣ׹צֱӸˣʵ̫ӹȡĹˡ
ڷ˫ɷý߹˼ɵ书ǻҪ𴦻֮ѽ
ǿ϶𴦻֮ˡ⣬ûע⵽һ£ڷ˫ɷԭʲôһĵӣȴǲ֪Ϊʲôԭһ
ע⵽ˣһڷ˫ɷӦһͽɡͽôǵʦһָж
ҲñȺڷ˫ɷҪһЩɡУһַǳʫѽһͷǳ
ȷ֪һǸʲôӹôһ䣬Ҳһ㣬ǵֱ
ǣӹ˿ɶ񰡣ٶܼҲ

һһֻһ䣬Ǻڷ˫ɷʦʲôûнܣֶûС
ȻһѾӡˣÿһλǵԺ֮С
㼤˺һ֮һǲż濴ȥ
ڷ˫ɷڿɱ֮Խ߹־ʮּɵȴûѡ뿪ǵҪڷ˫ɷһ
߹ֵһʱһǽŲѣҵĽүѽȻûаգǾͳѽԺһᱨҪˣԺ˭ȥС书ţԣԲݣ߹СҹǣǺڷ˫ɷûĵطҪСˣպڷ˫ɷжٵ
뵽һǸӽˡС¿ȥ
û೤ʱ䣬ʬ÷ˣץһΪİӡ
û˵İӣ÷ȻΪ̣һǲ
ֻŽ߹ܰ÷ɵȿΪֳֿΪ
Ȼ֪ж޹ˣҪܾĥ
ֻ÷һˣ߹߸һӦûЩʤɡһ
һսذֱһۻңŲѡ
գڽ߹ֵü֮£÷˫۱Ķˣ˫Ŀʧ
ǻûüһͭʬ
ҪǣСҲʱһץסС
ǵĶᵽɤˣ֮ǰӽࡣ
ڣ֮ǰյö࣬߹жˣŰ˻ǳء
ۿŽ߹־ҪܱһսȴȻֹ
ԭһΰСϣȫ޷Сں֮࣬Яذף˳С֮С
֮⣬֮С
գ۾Ϲ÷磬ųʬߡ
߹ߣŰҲ̫ȥ
Ӵ֮󣬱ֻʣ˽֡
һźѹ겻ѡ
һĶǵĴ򶷣Լڷ˫ɷĳ֣Ǽѡ



һǧʮ һƬ
¡ڷ˫ɷˣһԵ飬ȴǾþûƽ
Ϊһ¿ʼһָоһƷҪ֮ǰԤģҪࡣ
߹֡ڷ˫ɷ׹צλصĶһƺֻǣһ׳Ľıɽһǡ
ǲ֪ԼĸоԲԣ׿ָо̸ҲǼƽһ¡
˱ļ侫֮⣬Ϊ˷ǳĶ
÷ųʬ룬˫ϹǷܹȥ
ܣǷ񻹻׹צں滹᲻֣Сɱ˳磬Ƿ
ʲѣŽѧ䣬̶ֳܹȣ
ʮ֮¥֮Լֻȵһϵеһղܡ
·֮һǣȲܵٷƽ̨ϣԼ˷뼤顣
˽ĵ£ͻȻоһƷҪ֮ǰԤĸӾʣʵ̫ڴˡ
ȷҸоһΣܹһʷ׳ʵĽ
֪涫һ᲻ܸоӦһǳţƵˡ
ӦûɣȻӹҲһôһˡ
֮ǰô˵Ԫز࣬ڣҿֻ˵
һΡӢ۴֣Ӧܹ˰ɣٲǣҪɹٷί۹ˡ


־硣
һ߽־磬ǳˬȥԼĴ䣬Ӣ۴ʣµĿ꣬һ룬ȥİ칫һˡ
İ칫⣬һţ洫Щͳ
Ŷ룬һ񿴵һ־ڿƺǡЦ
ֻǣüͷΪʲôġ
һЩ֣ĵΪһ飿
Ҳûж룬ЦЦ˵࣬㿴ĿǡӢ۴
˵ͷһ֣ȻǡӢ۴Ӧø˲Ŷ
󣬲ʵΪһüͷģ
˿һ̾һ˵Сƣ£㿴𣿡
һͷһ֣֮ǰԤĲ࣬ӹء
Сƣȥѵ¿˵ɡ
һһ㶣ͻȻһֲԤУ֮ǰĺҲ˲ʧ
ãȿ˵꣬һصԼĴ䣬ͻȻЩһüͷģԼȿ˵ѵľĳִת
һ񷭿־濴ȥ˽߹һγ֣˺ڷ˫ɷ˾׹צǾһƳĶһ
һ˫΢΢Ȼݺݵڰ칫ϣ˫֮ȫǲ֮ɫ鲻ź˼죬ֱԭ͡
ȷе˵Ǵԭͣǵ䵽˹ȵס
͵ңȻܹͨһ£ԤеһƷĲ
ֲͻȻһ֮У֮ǰûйġ
һ񲻸ģܲģ׼Ʒϴ¼ôܱȲӢ۴
ӹһҪܵˣһ˵ͷΣһҪõġ
һΣõĻᣬһϴ¼Ӣ۴
һ˫ȭգ÷ȡ
⣬֪ʲôʱѾվŴʱĽһһ֪̾ʱһ̬΢ħ֮״
ܼʱ˵ԽӹһңǾҪӴȻˡ
Ŷ룬һСơ
һһ飬Ŷе𽥵ȥ˵࣬ˡ
ͷڶɳ£˵Сƣѵ¿֮ⲿƷ
һⲿƷ±֮ǰΪģҪࡣ࣬Ͼ£½ʵΪʱ磬ҵġϴ¼лᳬԽ
˵ȷлᳬԽСƣС˵ǲͣӦԼ۹жϣġϴ¼û˳ԽĿܡһʵԼҲֻ㲻ģҲԸϰˡ
һ˵ʲôȴֹˣֻ˵Сƣ֪Ҫ˵ʲô˵Һһϣܵ򵹹ӹһס
ӹӹ֮ʱܾǴ֮Ҿͷǳϣܹ򵹹ӹ֮ǰҶ㣬һһֱûб
ǣԴӸոտˡڷ˫ɷһ֮ͻȻоǲӦִҪܹӹˡ
һüͷ΢壬˵࣬ǲܴܹӹôǵ־磬ЩߣһֱڹӹӰ֮£סͷϵһաֻҪڣڴעʼֻдҲĳͷء
ҡͷСƣӦûһǶȿˡ˵ӹסˣͷϵһƬ죬˵ӹΪǣΪС˵һƬ졣
ڹӹ֮ǰС˵ʲôӣǶǳأ˵췭ظı仯Ѿˣʱѧע⡣
һеı仯ΪӹΪС˵磬һƬµա
౨־磬߶ߡСƣ˵ڱ֮ΪңһˣҲΪӹһƬ졣
ԣǲӦִڴܹӹˡ
ȻȻ԰ѴܹӹΪĿ꣬һܺãҲǳ޳ɡ
ңҲϣܹ
ǣ̬Ҫı䣬ӦðѹӹҪԽǰһŴžηģٰĵˡ
гԽһ졣Ȼҧгݣˣʱʱ̿ŴԽ
ôԶҲܳԽ
СƣͬĿ꣬һ̬пܻʵ֣һ̬ԶҲʵ֡
ѡһ֣һλŵңϣܹȷѡ
Ȼ֪һʱ֮䣬ı䣬ⲢżԼ̬һҪı䡣úõһɡ
һ˵ô࣬˵һ̾һþõĳĬ



һǧʮ һ
һþóĬҲûټ˵˴䡣
ѾѸ˵Ļ˵ˣ˵ȥҲû壬һ̬ı䣬վֻܿԼ
ԸܹȷѡɣǷǳѡ˵
һȷһλŵң츳Ҷ֮ϡǴ־磬ҲȫȫϣһӴȻˡ
ֻǣģĿǰҲֻôˡ
ڹӹѾԽˣ˰ɡ
ЦһصԼİ칫ңЩȻʧģ칫ϵġЦ־

ЩȻʧҶһʡ¡ˣҲͬЩȻʧĳһ̾
˵֮ǰһγԽӹһģôڣֻһ֮С
ӹǻҲ޷Խˡ
Ҷֻ̾һ£ͬŤתǬ֮һ㣬ӹ֮ܣҪԶҡ
һҲһʱǻоϣСȴомһ蹵ҲǱͲӦñųԽӹĿġ
µһһȷһ֮СΪûбҪʹ˷ϾӢ۴ֻ£ڻΣ˭Ҳ֪ھ½ۻΪʱ硣
ֵͬ˵ڻǷʱǱųԽӹĿģⲢûдֻҪǰ̬źãһֺܴĶ֮ҼȫԸɡ
ҶһʶˣԴҲʾͬڵȷûе½۵ʱ
ôǾͼȫԸɣûгɹƺҲûʲôϵ

ͬʱԶ㽭˾ơ߸ˣҲǿЦҡͷ̾
ǱŽһλᣬ֤㽭Ȼڵġ
ڣƺѾûлˣӹġӢ۴ͬһǰĴɽ
ʵԹӹһԽŮճ֮󣬾Ϳ˵ڵѾ㽭ǰ档
Ǹʱ򣬻ֻйӹһˡ
ֻǣơ˾߸Ϊ׵㽭ǲԸϣҲġ
һֱŬҪ֤㽭һֱǣڵġ
ǱĵģڵйӹڣڣͻȻ֮ûʲôˡ
ȻҲûȫ˵½ۻΪʱ磬ֻϣѾñȽãˡ

ʱѧί칫ҡ
һȭͷ̾ãðһڷ˫ɷѣһ׹צһһ֮ǰԤйȻȷģӹȻûʧңڿƺ֮ǰģҪһЩ
ѵµݣζһ֮׼ǰȥ貨İ칫貨Ҫһ貨£
̧ȴ貨İ칫ҡ
΢Щ⣬Ц裬Ҫȥأ㵹ˡôΪӢ۴
貨ЦЦλº˵ΪҲùء
Ŷô˵µ۲ѽ
貨ȷе˵´󻡶ȸĹˣҶⲿƷĿ֮ǰĵЩ⣬ڻҲãԪزҲաڣҶôˣȷһǳƷ
һЦ˵ܵ˳ޣǲء
貨ֵʵʵ˵ѣС˵ҪץסλᣬⲿӢ۴ҪӾʲС
Ҫ󣬻Ƿǳϸ񡣲Ȼͷġ
貨ЦʵҲȽˡһţҶǳڴ
һЦ˵Ҳǳڴ

ʥ壬Եǰ
ƲסϲĶ˵ⶫһӦþ֮ǰ˵ġа˰ɣ
ЦЦͷ˵ȷһаҩʦ
ҩʦһϲ˵֣֣ҩʦı£Ǿͺܲ
Ȼ书ԣ༸ѷֲ١෽ı£ҩʦɾЦˡ
ԽԽǻϲæʵ෽ı£Щʲô£СӸϽ˵˵
ٺһЦ˵ǰ½ʵѾᵽˣԼȥɡˣôϣټˡ
˵꣬һЦ첽ȥˡ
СӡЦһ䣬Ȼǰ½ᵽ𣿡
Աߵ֣ʱҲ뵽˼֮Уᵽ
ͻȻλ˵ͬʱһϲͬʱ֪ˡ
Ƕ뵽ڵһţҴСƹݵϰ壬˵ѰģȻ¾д֮ˣĲ书黭ԣҽ࣬УһᣬһֻǼŰˡ
Ƕһλӡǳ̣ʱ룬˻˭أ
ڿӦþһаҩʦˡ
֣˶Իҩʦĳǳڴ
Ƭ̣˵ˣӦҲǺڷ˫ɷһǻҩʦͽܡͬҲһ⵽ʲôԭأ
֣ҲӦˣʲôԭھͲö֪ˡСӵĸ°ɡ
ǸСӡҧгݡ˵
֪ЩǶԺĹ£øӵ͡


һǧʮ һ
ٷƽ̨ϡ
롶Ӣ۴йصݣΪ۵ɡ
ڣΪڴģһΡӢ۴֣ǵٷ֣
ȻԴ˷ǳעˣԶԶֹǣԼʿһýȣһΡӢ۴ַǳע
ò׵ȵ磬ٷְڸ¡
Ӣ۴8.0֡
ǿ8.0֣޲ȸԾҲһϲˡ
Ȼ֪һεһǣû뵽ٷһλ˿Ȼֱͻ8.0֡
˿һƷѾϣõ˹ٷϿɡ
õ˹ٷϿɾͱʾӢ۴ܹȥС˵Ӧþͺпܣܹץסһλᣬɹʱѧѡʸ
뵽һ㣬һǣøӵ˷ܡ
ٷĽƽ̨ϣǵ£ǰδеĸǡ

־硣
һšӢ۴µ֣ǳĸӡ
һĬڣ֪ĻеҲ֪ĻӦöԵġ
ҪԽӹҪ̬ıһ£пܻʵ֡
̤С˵֮󣬾һֱѹӹΪǴ򵽲ɵĵˣ̬ô׸ıģ
һ񳤳һ̾Լ̬ܹı
ڣԼҲ֪𰸣ᾡһ԰ɡ
İ칫ҡ
8.0֣ȻˣӦôţٷѾϿɡӢ۴˰ɡôС˵ܹܲץסλ᣿ϣӦþҪⲿƷˡ
ȻҲǳϣС˵ܹץסλᣬΪ־˵Ҳͬŷǳͺô
֮ǰϣڹӹƷϣ϶ҲǳĸӣڣѾûôˡ
ӹⲿӢ۴Ѿ׵ķˣΪǹӹΪС˵磬һƬա
Ȼһ޷δսʤӹһЩźġ

Ҷһʡ¡˾ơ߸ˣʱȫһȻЦ8.0ֵ֣һǾˡ
Ҳ֪Ӣ۴ȷʸ֡
ңԺֻǡ
ҲС˵ܹܲץסһλᣬȫⲿƷˡ
Ϊһγɽ׼ôʱ䣬ʮҪսʤӹġ
ڣϣüãǵȻǳźûжٲʡ
ΪӢ۴صĿǰΪֹѾǳǷˣһƷϣʲôòʵأ
һ룬ͻȻо˲١
һҡͷЦԭʱҪԽӹѾǵ˲İ
ڣˣǻܹ֮ǰӾʵƷҲ˵һ
ôھͽ߾ȫС롶Ӣ۴ֲɡ
ǵĿ꣬Ѿڴʱ˸ı䡣

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8.0ֵ֣һЦһҲ⡣
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ô磬ԴԴϵģڶǵǰ׳ĿϾӡ
֣ȻԽһ·

ڶ죬һ־У˾˵ƷٴǼ档
ġӢ۴̫ھʣǣһЩɺ
ڴģһڡӢ۴أҲǡӢ۴Ļ棬ڽ˾˵ƷѾû顣
Ȼֻڶԡ
ڿ˽˾˵Ʒ֮ǻǷǳġ
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ڵһģȻǡӢ۴8.0֡
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вФƻӺˣ÷6.0ϡ
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ʱֵһýԾԾԵʱ
һΣý屨Ľ㣬ΧšӢ۴
8.0֣ӹġӢ۴Ѿһ
7.3ֱӵ8.0֣ΪʲôӢ۴ĵ¡ڷ˫ɷΪϸ
ӹȻǸվС˵磬ˣ
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һڵڼʽѾ£нŶ½˽⡣
ӹʤӢ۴£ƺѾˣߵĵλ

ָıһǣҲִ˲ˡ



һǧʮһ һ˫
Ƿǳ⿴ýǵıЩݵıһжý壬ȫλĽ¡ڷ˫ɷһ
УýŪн£Ҳ˴ԡ
Ŀͬʲôһڵڼ³кŮ¥֮Լ˭ʤ֮ġ
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תһȻЦƺѾȫˣ֮ǰԡӢ۴ĸֲáʵý壬ȻǷǳġԲ
ڣýǶڡӢ۴糱֮ǰЩɡ˥ȫʧˡ
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ԣǻϽ˵ʲôֻ꼻һ֣˺ڣñ̵ĵطɻ̵ȵȡ
ֻǣǵЩѾעƲκεķˣûж˿ЩˣҲֻЦһᡣ

ļʱ䣬ڡӢ۴飬ʼղϡ
ýн»Ҳеݱڶࡣ
ҶһڡӢ۴أڴ
ԽڴԽǸоʱû֮ǰΪһڷڷǳĿ죬ȴоǳ
ò׵930һ죬ڵһ־С
ǣ졶Ӣ۴һڷеԤȺǰɡ
ϣ죬ǵ飬ϲ̵ġ
Ҷһ˵Ʒڽص֮󣬴ҲΪġ
ֻǣҶһߣЩƺźǣٷƽ̨ϣǵƷûжãְѻ⻻صˣ콫ҪصġӢ۴֮ϡ
˿Ц̾Ϣ֮⣬Ҳûκεİ취
ٷƽ̨ϡ
ڵȵӢ۴·ˣֻǼʱ䣬ȴо˺þһ
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ԣԽԽˣѾȲΪһ㿴µݣѾϧȺˡ
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֪书Ȼ㲻øڼϵ裬ȴѾ֮ߡ



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һǿһ˫񣬱Ʋס˷ܵƽ̨ۿˡ
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书ʱûãȴԱ֮Ϊˡ֮ʦܱҲضˡ
ȻܹѼ̶ֳȣû书ѧѽ룬ǲλʦ̸ģ̵̫ˣùٳѧ书
˭֪أֻ˵пܰɡ֮ϣ书ܹһۿ¥֮ԼҪˡӵĹ϶Ķְ
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ڽƽ̨һǣ½½濴ȥ
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⣬һЩɻλص˭ľţƵĻûʲô˼
⣬ǶǳҪ֪𰸡



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ҲԼ˵ƽϢǵĻ𣬱ܹˬ
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ʢ˵ʢʱʢ޴ɢɢãֲܿĿƣҲܿر
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ʱѧٷ״ζһС˵ƷеͽӰԶԶЩýܹȵġ
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Ҫ֪ⲻһС˵ƷѣʱѧٷȻԽˡ
ǡӢ۴һƷӰѾ֮ˣǽֻΪľ仰
ʿ֪𰸣ʲôԭʱѧٷڡӢ۴Ͽɣǿ϶ˡ
һʱһֻǲ²⣬ڣȴѾٷ֮ٵĿ϶ˡ
ڸп֮󣬴Ҷעˣľ仰Ľı֮ϡ
һ˼ѾǳˣжԹӹʱϽˮ಻
Ҳʵ̫ˣӹòһλҸְɣ
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Ľ鲻ϣԼҲǷǳ˷ܡ
ʵ̫ϲľ仰ˣҲͬľ仰˵ȴԾȥԣһԵ׷
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貨˫۾һľ仰ȷǷǳľޣʱҲ͵һҲͬǳϲһ仰
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𣿡貨һۣ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ

־硣
ҡͷЦţǽһıԼ̬ҪԽӹѶȣҲڱԽԽ
ʱĽһȻʮֳĬ֮ǰһֱߵʵϲĳĬ
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Ӣ۴ÿһ£ǵ֮мһָ֣оĲãǺܲϲ
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Ȼ󿴵ڶ顢飬ʱ򣬲ߵĽǶȣһ߹ۿһѧϰ
ǵУûӹһϸµ˼ԣǵá
ӹǸӹΪڲ̵ʱͻƣȴ˭֪һιǰ˾ãҴûаֵ뷨ڣһӢ۴˾ʣҿҪúõͺѧϰˡ
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ܲܿôʵƷΣΪҪǣӹʹС˵ܹץסһλļʴ򣬽Ҷһʡ˾һǣӦûǲеġ
ȷְ֪ˣûйӹġӢ۴һιûϣҿӹˡ
С˵绹Ҫӹѽǽһվǲ˲ٵĻ򡣡
Ӣ۴ǺÿҸоҾһͨһ㡣




һǧʮ Ըճɾ
ʥ壬Եǰ
֣˿棬֣СӵǶԵоľ仰ôһ¡
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֮ǰΪңԶľһ

Ϧչã߾ҲףԸλǣճɾʱû˵ˣҵԼˡ



һǧʮ С˵Ľּ
ǡˣ顣
ԴС˵Ϊ׵Ķǣ׷ױԼⲿƷϲͲᡣ
ͬʱҲǳмӹⲿƷϲ֣Ҫ֪ǰСŰħ֮Ƶģϲ֣ڶǿʵǷǳĲס
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۹ӹġǡˣҶû
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ǰԴӹӹˣ΢С˵֮ҾѾϲַʽϣԽԽС˵΢Ͻء
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ҲˣƺͻȻ֮ͻˡ⻰ȷʵǴļơ
˵ԭǶûпµġǡϽȥɣ֮Ǿ֪˭˵ˡ
Ҳʲô˼ѵǹӹ˵ģ԰뵽ˡġǡոûã仰ͻˣǹӹ˵Ļ˭Уҵȥˡ
ȥӹһ侭УҲȥˣˡ

һЩ׼һȥˣ˵ͻȻһ仰ǳԡǡ֮󣬱Ҳ̲סڵһʱ䣬½˹ӹ΢
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˹ӹһף룬Ӧܹҵҵһ˰ɡ
Ҳ֪ҵǸҪٵãʵٵҲûйϵؼǧҪΰ


һ䡰ԸճɾѸٳΪ˽ڶýϵĽ㣬˵ˣҪ˵ˣԹӹ˸м
һǣԼʿ׷׸пĽѡ
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104š
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Ҷһ񡢹Ӻ˵ƷɿҲܹǣʱȥ롶Ӣ۴顣
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ʵһʵǷǳġΪӦھҪܹӹϾڲǹӹĶҲйӹƺҲᡣðɣԺҲûʲôϣ
ʵһûҪҪܹӹƷֻҪʣҲһֵ֧ġ
ϣһܹúõģһεġϴ¼дãȻ롶Ӣ۴ᲢۣҲǾƷ֮ˡ


־硣
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һ⼸̬ȶƷܹõȥ
ȻǱ濴ţûʲô⣬ϸһĥͻᷢⲻС
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ôһƷͿڡ
ܣǾ̫źˡ

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⼸ҲһֱڣŬԼ̬ƺҲһЧ
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ʱҲڵ˵ڶ죬105գģЦرڷС
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ĽԽԽ죬տʼʱ־ϲֻǹʹˣͻȻˡ
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˼ϰڹھԶʤиͷȥĴˣټλصȷΪˡ
겻ʱ䣬ȻСɡ
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˷ܵǣϰڹĽչȻ֮죬ʱ䣬Ѿýֶʮ־ȵĳ̶ȡ
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һǧʮ оϲ
˷ܵǼ濴ȥû֮أһ
Ϊ÷һγ֣ȷе˵Ǳ־÷ûģľŸͷٶȳ֡
ֵĵص㣬λصˣ̵֮ϡ
ԭ÷Ȼûֻ۾Ϲ˶ѡ
ʮʱѱˣԲĵطʼնûҵ÷ټ
ȴͻȻٶȳ֣Ƕ߲ˡ
ܹõ÷ʮʱӦǶĳһطר䡣
ڣ书ȻȣҪҽֺ͹ˡ
ЩΪֺ͹ĵͬʱǳ˷ܺڴϣܹһοһ춯صĴս
ǲ֪λصˣ᲻ְֺ͹
ԸֵĻ÷ӦòǶְɡ
Ͼ÷۾Ϲˣܹȥأ
ܿ죬Ǿ֪Ǵˡ
λص˺͹֮ϣ͵÷ʱĳ
صΪԾ÷ڵ书ѾͬСɣԶʮ֮ǰҪ࣬ҲǶ֡
Ͻ֡ˣҲδһʤʤҲȻ
Ҳô˶Ƕ֡һһӱøǵˡ
ӦǺã
ǵĵʱλص뵽һ취Խ÷羪ߣʱڣٻҽֺ͹
ʲôӿԽ÷羪ߣһֲʮֺ档
֮ǰص˽Լݸ˹һȥ֡
ԭص˽ڣŵӣǳ𴦻ʦ֡
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ͬʱ˵ģԾ÷ķڴ
ܿ죬Ǿ֪˴𰸡
ԭں𴦻ȫ̽ĵӣǴʦ֣ȫ̵ƽ̡
һλӣڽϱ֮Ϊȫӡ
ȫӣڽϵ
ȫӣһһȼԭ𴦻ʦ߸ʦֵܣ˳ȫӣ˵ĸоͷǳûУ
ֻǿϧѾٳˣǸоź
˵ķӣǽȫ֮÷羪ߡ
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ȻװȫӶԻ÷Ϊȫڴˡ
÷缴ǶԼ书ţҲȫΪС
ʵЩ׹˽ֵϾҪټָмΪǺ͹²ģԥһ֮󣬱Ӧ
ںͽ֡ˣȥ֮ϣ÷ڷͷĵط÷ǰ
ǲûеȶã÷Ȼǰ
գһ粨֮÷Ȼȥ
ȫ֮ȻͬСɡһ
ͬʱֶӷǳ棬֪ʲôʱܹ
֮һľĲ䣬ɹ¼ͻ֮УΪľ¼ͣľΪŮ
ʵڻݲ޶Ů˽飬ľ潫Ů֪Ǻã
֮¥֮ԼڽִŹϹ顣

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һɲϣ÷ٴֱ֮ȫӡߣص˵ڽһȫӡ
һ磬ڱøӵľʡ
˷ܺڴǣֺ͹Ϲˡ
ǽֵѾõ¥֮ԼھͿҪˡ
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ȫ÷۾Ϲ˻ܹ书ôȻ̣ƺò˵һ
÷һαߣϷݿ϶ûнԺȻٴγʱ򣬲ø˰ɣ
СӲܱɼ˼СңӺԵҲϲֻǹԻȫ޶Ů˽顣ҹƹ벻ʲôŮ˽飿֪ͻûн
ٺ٣ɲ˵һԭһλϲСӣͻ֮䣬ƾûʲôϷˡ
У͹⺩ԸƨСӰΪǻͻһ𣬸ǿ
˵ֺ͹ϹˣϹ·϶ЩʲôˣֻᷢЩʲô£ʵ̫ڴˡ
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ٺ٣˭˵ҪȵһڣܿĹˣ
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ǰٷһҳһǲʲôϲ




һǧʮ ؤйŹ
淭оϲһһ
ǿ½βʱ򣬱ʱûм淭ڿ˵淭оϲǲ룬ѵ滹һ£ⲻܰɣ
ţϵĶɰûѸٷһҳ
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ԲݣȻһ£ءһǲ󺰳˵һҾ޴ľϲ
֪һ֮󣬻᲻е£ͻȻ뵽Ȼֱӿٵķһµ·һҳ
ðɣ˲̫̰ˣѾ㹻˾ϲˡ
һ֮ԻأΪ˼ӿһЩصĽȡ
ΪʱѧٷĹ涨ģʱֻ£Ҫʱ֮ڣһЩݡ
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⣬һǵûж룬ϲ˷ء
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ؤԼĪʮͣͷһƤñȫǺúƲĿ
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һ۾һ룺ؤȻйŹֺ֣͹˽ȷӦò·˼׵Ľɫˡ



һǧʮ 
һ۾һؤĽɫϷݻжأ
ʱֵĹصԷȴҲŹŹ
ò˼һͬԷӦʣ˵أҸ˽ơ
һˣһʵһиǾãؤģ꣬ƺЩ򵥡
ԭԳʳƺǳϤһ㣬ĲˣȫԣСĿࡣ
˺󻹱ʾЩˣȫҾƵܹóġ
ٸ߼һЩĲˣҾƵ궨ȻҲͲˡ
ӵĺòˣȴǲôӣǹԵû죬СɹųֺԹʳ
һٷķȻҲǲƣ˵ǾСһˡ
ڳԷĹУĵ÷ǳͶԭڳݲҲ˵ϲ
극ֱʱ򣬹ЩᣬԼϵãϡ
ֽԼϵĽһꡣ
ʹˣ˵ջƣһ֡
أһǿ˵ءһ㶡
ӦһŮ˵ְɣѵؤŮ֮
ֻߣ۸ʵ˵һ
ȻҲпȷʵӣҲأ˼ҾҪȡһŮԻֲ֣ǡ
ص˹úͽ˵ҪһƥС
ʵزҪСֻҪһʵĹξܾ
ΪһƥǧѷıȻᰮǶȻġ
ȴ˭֪ȻɵľҪѱ͸
ûشȻַǳмʵĿ
ȻۣȴǷǳϲ
ˮϴϴȥúڣ¶ԭļһ㡣
һǲء꣬ĺ
ѾԿ϶ز·˼׵ĽɫӦûһΪҪĽɫ
Ϊ֮ǰغ͹˵˵СûĸףһγǱ͵͵ܳġ
ԭǣһˣǲţؼ˿Щþƺò˸ԣ˵ʹϲ˳
ҲжŮؤģ϶ǹɵˡ
ΪҪؤǾúɣ
ǶԴ˲⣬ҷǳȤǣصĵ˭صǸ˭ΪҪʱĹǸˣ
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һԸŮ׽ףǸ׳꺺ӣŮһ£÷ǳƯȴǲס
кų̈ȥսǺŮȴǲС
ףһȻİõҲȤֻǸտʼû⣬Ǹ׵׳ǸŮֻǵ·˼ס·ҵĽɫ
ֻǿſţǾòԾˡ
ϸдһһأЩ
ȣ˵˸ΪѰһλѺһٵĹˡ
ⲢûԵע⡣
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ŮǺŮôһ£
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˵ڻܣȫ϶׾ġ
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ǻվȻΪͣһ֮ʤǺŮһֻǺŮЬӡ
ȻʤǺŮ֮ȴûӭȢŮ˼˵ֻΪ档


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ǻӵΪΪŭûӽŮЬӻ
ǻȴǲϣ˵ЬǱĲͷȻӮˣЬӦߡ
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󣬽ִǰŮӿУõһ׷׵
ˣϹ֡ɳͨˡ
ΪǻӶԭǻӾǽСүտ
ǣǱүպ
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漴Ȼ룺ǽӷ˳գǺ˼롣
ˣһƺǳˡ
ױģǽӰϧǽСүտӦþĴδĶӣ
Ӧ÷ǳҸһˣȴΪľ档
Ϊûѵǣʱǳһ̾ˣĪκΡ
֮󣬹տսһտˣտһѡ
ȻĶ֣ҪžҪȥ˫ۣؼʱ̣һλ˸˹
һλ˳ˡһ˷ܣܹµλӦҲȫ֮һ
Ȼλһ˳ɡ֮ʢȫУڳ𴦻
գһŹ뿪ֳ

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ȣǸص꾿˭ȳƺΪɡһԽԽΪǻʵӦһŮ
УǻصĵԼŵǸˣ᲻ǱΪҪĽɫ
Ȼйġϧһ˵ۡ
⻹ǰŮᵽģǵˣɽʲôˣ
Ȼ߹ֶôһˣһȴоʲôɽӦò򵥣
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ȵһϵе⣬ֵ۵ĵطʵ̫ˣǶоЩ۲ˡ
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ʱѧ칫ҡ
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貨һЦ˵ӸдһÿɰЩ޷Ů
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貨ͷ⻰ҲûңӢ۴ȷѾԣһǳƷҲȷʵֵ۵ѧֵ
ֵ׼ͨһӢ۴רȡÿһڹ󣬶ĳ
ר貨΢΢һ㶣˵᲻̫ˣӢ۴ڵȷѾһѧֵҪ˵жߣҲȻȵѧֵĸ֮ٿͨ᲻һЩ
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貨Ƭ̣ͷ⵹ȷҲǣô͵ͨרɡ˵裬һڵĻ⣬׼ͻصݣһƲ⣿
ЦȻʵѾƲصˣңаٷ֮ʮҵİա
𣿡貨ʵҲƲˣͬС
Ŷ£裬㵹˵˵
貨һЦ˵֣һ


һǧʮһ 治һ
ٷƽ̨
ֻⱻһǷἰִۣ˲ˣйڡءĻ⣬ȵеȵ㡣
ΪҶóĽɫӦòͣңҲ߻ԡ
磬һؤԸֳʳȴ䡣
ң书ƺҲͣϷˣƺĹϣܹó
⣬ĵԼڹѺŵǸˣҲǳлԡ
Ҳ߻ԵģǱǴҼѾܹ϶ӦдŶԣжദϸд޲ʾŻظŮ
ֻǣʱûеˡ
һȻһǷ׷׹ע˺档
ֻǣ۹ȥ۹ʼû۳Ȼ
ĿǰΪֹϢ̫ˡ
һ۵ʱ򣬹ٷϵһ棬ʱһǣļ
ù˵ӽ쿪ʼٷС˵רҳϣһܣͨӢ۴ר
Ժ󣬡Ӣ۴ÿһڷ֮󣬹ٷѡһ
һǼѣһƬȻ
ʱѧٷרΪ俪ͨרʲô
Ʒ붼ĴڣӢ۴ΪһƷȴܵĴ
ҪĽడ
˿ٷԡӢ۴ⲿƷѾ˵ǼΪˡ
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ӹ֮ǰһԽŮС˵أһӢ۴С˵ʱѧѡʸһӹС˵磬Ǿ̩ɽˡ


ǸпĽһС˵˵Ǿ˷ܡˡ
ţ󲿷С˵ˡ
ӹʵ̫˲ˡż񰡣
С˵ܹӵйӹʵ̫ˣ
ǲǿΪС˵ץסһλļʣѾܴˣ۹Ȼ֪Ҫ͵һ̲סҪЦʵ̫ˬˣ
͵͵ȷʵǵ͵Ͼڻûء
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һҲͬ̾ϢڣԵõΪƽ
죬̬ǵΪ

Ҷһʡ˾ңһģʱ˿ЦǿЦӹѾԽ˦ԽԶˡ
ȻС˵ɹץסϣǻǷǳ˷ܵġ
ֻܿӹֻ˷ܵͬʱ̾Ϣ

˸˼һ֮ȫĿ⼯ˣٷոտͨġӢ۴ר
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ôڣһƪһڵ͵ǲӦó¯ˣ
һڽ󣬱ܹעĻкüٷѡһ⣿
Ҷǳĺ档
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֮۾һǸ˷ܡ
ٷһѡĻ⣬ǼУһ⣬йصĻ⡣
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һȻֻڵ¡ڷ˫ɷйһƳȴǷǳߡ
ڣٷȻ˵Ů𰸣˷ܡ
ôٷƾʲô˵أһȲ¿ȥ



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ҿ϶ǳľȣΪʲôĲ²⣿
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һڷ˫ɷʦһƵǺˡ
Σص书ܹϷˣƺĹԼǺͨϱܿó
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ĸǻƵĻȻǺ޹˼ˡ
󣬱һ󵨵Ĳ²⣬²ûиݣֻǵĲ²⣬Ϊֲ²ĿԣƺС
һǵõһ¡ѩ䡱һ
ѰģȻ¾д֮ˣĲ书黭ԣҽ࣬УһᣬһֻǼŰˡ˵̧ͷһֲ£̾һ
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ӦҲͺڷ˫ɷһǻƵͽܣҲͬһ
ֻǱߴĲ²⣬Ҳȫûݡ
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ϵֹ۵㣬Ǳߵĸ˿ӭָۡ

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вصĸףһƵɣ˵ͷͷǵǴ󵨵Ĳ²⣬еλ֮ˣҲһƵ
Ҫ֪Ӣ۴صһµʱ򣬴Ҿͱеģλ֮˳׾ޡ
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ڣغϣǾȻͬһˣβ˷ܣ
˵ֻһִĲ²⣬ӹٷƲ⣬ƺ̫С
ԲۣȻûʵԵ֤ݣȴͻȻһָоǻƵ
ҲͻȻһָоϣѽƵҲ̫ǿ˰ɡ
ڱҪһƵˣ̫ǿˣҶԻƵĳݣǻƺ֮ˮϲ
һĵӦþⲿƷУǿ֮˰ɡ

˵Ǿ֮ˣǲǻƵ⻹ôһʺš
ǣ˷ܵǣѾ̲סģҪԻƵ֮ˡ
Ĳ书黭ԣҽ࣬УһᣬһöУֱǷѽ
ֲûѾͷСС;˴ԵĻŴѽ
УҲѹѾͷһ첻µزµӣôţƵĸڣǻʲôµģȥã
ðɣһƺѾصĸױǻƵԼλ֮ˣҲǻƵ飬ʵˡ
ȻⲢûʲôԣϹȻôˬôˣǺ淢Ҳûйϵǡ
ȵȣͻȻУظòⲿƷŮǰɣ
Ůǣţƺȷпܡ
ôѾͷῴôʵľɵĹƺܰɡ
ôˣûԻ·ӣͱʱضжĿô
Ҳôһ˵Сӷǰøѽ˼·ӡ͵ģԵ֡
ȥȥ¥ϱϹ˼ҹֻΪԷǳ̸Сֵܣòã
ǻ˵ػŮǡСѽŸո̤ԭˡ
һǼƷӣһĳСҪˡ
˵˵ɱ̫˰һУȫֻǲ²ء




һǧʮ СлŮ
Ӣ۴רڻݵĲ롱һģø鲻ϡ
ôһڹ󣬡Ӣ۴ֻǵ٣綼ǳע
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ۿ8.6ֵ֣Ʋסһ˷ܡ
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УкüýǸߵԣ˵һС˵һܹץסᣬɹʱѧѡʸ
ΪСӢ۴ֶԡӢ۴֮ʡ
ıȻһǷ׷ײĿ
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͡Ӣ۴ĿǰǶóС˵ץסһλļʺܴˡ
ǰڵʱһýƶıڿ϶һýֿޣʲô۹Ϭ׼֮ġ
Ǿֻ²ˡ

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УڻغһƵ˵ۣġ
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һҪζҩⶾȻ˸е⼸ζҩߡ
һҩãԽʱȴյһСţԭλ͵Լ
ĵλ͵ҪԶö࣬а취԰һҩ㽹ǰԼ
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ֻһҶ۴Ʈ˳βһŮӳֽۣ磬ȫ£ͷɫϸѩӳ²Ȼ⡣
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ֱص¿꣬һǵԺǻƤɰӰ



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Ӣ۴ص½һǣԺǻƤɰӰ
ȻȻسΪٷƽ̨ϾԵĽ㡣
Ȼڽ֮ǰҲǽ㣬ֻǣ۵ص㣬֮ǰȣźܴĲͬ
֮ǰ˵أĻǰѻغһƵϵһǶԻݵĲ²⡣
ڣȴǱΪ˶ڻϲ
ֻǣ绹кܶˣԻƤɰСѾͷϲ
Ҷһʡ˾ǣϲַ֮࣬׷׸пѣӹڻص죬ʵ̫ɹˡ
Сؤʱĳ뼸ʱĴƤǰ󲻹£Ѿûس׵ģڶߵġ
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ȻȴȻѵõǵϿɣģǱģ˶Ůǵ졣
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ȻӹĳԽŮ⣬Ǳ԰ΪǵģƷеġŮǡ岢һ
ҲϰˣС˵״Ůǲû̫ߵҪܹȥС
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˭֪أ˵ӹһĴڣ˵Ʒ򣬵츳֮߶ԣҲܹѹһ

Ҷһʵ˶пһԸ˵
ӹʵ̫ǿˣΪһӢ۴ֵϸоãоԽϸǵջԽ󡣡
ʱһֱоջȷͦġǵõȵȫ֮ȫͨоջŻ󡣡
ȻڣΪӹڻص죬£Ǻúоһˡ


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ˡءԵĽ֮⣬һҲúܶ۷׷ס
Ǳպɳͨ졢ŷ˵˵Ŀģ顣
нܣʷİµһ顣
ǰñս޲ʤýֻбͷܵսĵãñȣȫдˡ顱УֻܹѧıǿС
ڣպҪȥ飬ĿĲԶǺԾҪıȥΡ
һôܹ
Բۣ˾ȻȥҴµı飬ֱǳȴ̸ʵͦպ˵ġΪүȴʼն԰ϧмӣǰϧʼշŲģʼղжԲӵҲ۰мӡ
պ˵ȷֵͣվҪȥµı飬ҲûʲôָġҪ˵ǣɳͨЩָˣΪˣȴҪȥĸԸİպңֱ֪ܡǵΪ뽭֡𴦻һȣֱһϣһ¡
ûЩ˻ǽĸأҿǸ䲻ϡ֡֡
İɣ϶ܱߵġҿᱻá
Ȼò飬Ϊ̫ߡ

һǺЩߣǶպңɳͨˡ

磬ٷְ£Ӣ۴֣Ѿ8.8֡
⣬Ӣ۴רҲͬʱһƪ£һεĻ⣬Ҳͬǹڻصġ
Ϊǳ̸ܻӭԭ򡣡
һ⣬ΪȤĻ⣬׷Ȳĵ˽ȥ
Իشܻӭһ⣬չ˶෽ķһƵƵͷԽԽǾǵġض˿ɰ



һǧʮ 澭
ڹٷ֮һýҲ׷׽ر
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һӦþͻȷĴˡܶԶĸо
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һڵġЦУһȲķ
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õģŷСѾˣض⣬ǿɶ񣡡
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군ŷСӿ԰ôţֱҸĲҪҪģʵĽ
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ڣȷ֪Ǹ˭ǵͬһ֮ǰһ
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ҩʦΪԭ򣬲ûг׷ˡڻֲ֮̿Լĥġ澭˾׹צʹƣˡڷ˫ɷͷ
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ǾʹţưɣеӡĪҪң
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ֻһʱ֮Щ벻
÷Ļܳͨ÷λ䣬֮ǰۻ˵һЩʣڻȻʡ
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ǻҩʦԴһŻҩʦΪ书
÷ȻҲ֪СŮӣʦİŮ꣬ػ֮еʱ
ˣһҩʦŮѾʽȷ
֮ǰǳҪ֪𰸵⣬֪ȷеĴ𰸣һǴ񫣬㡣



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׷ŷҲϵ
ֳڶ࣬Ⱥмָӡ
Ȼڴʱպɳͨ졢ŷ˵ȥ׷°֮ˡ
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𴦻ڶڴˣҪġϧ˰ȫ뿪Ӧò̫ѵ顣
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𴦻ɳͨ졢ŷ˵һ֣֮ҲһЩˡ
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ܶԶ뵽ǿҩʦӦþⲿƷУߡĸˣǻҩʦ˭



һǧʮ 
λ˭Ȳ˵һͣȲļȥںܹ𰸡
һʵҲ֪λ˭˼һ֮󣬳ȲȼֱȥҪ̽һȵ书
֮̽һЦȣ书λˣֻоŸָƽʱؤ磿
һһ룬ӣĪһѾ֪λ˭ˣֻôֻоŸָؤ硣ȥǻҩʦѽ
ȵĻشһϲ⣬ɻѡ
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СӨʾ˵˵ǵ书ߵλǰҲ֪ǲģ
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ʱһ䡰Բۣһʵǲ֪Լ˷ܡ֮顣
ٷƽ̨ϣѾ׵ȼǣ׷׼ȷֻ߲׼ȷݴʣţԼʱļ顣
ʱ֮ǰǸˣΪʲôҪ˵ⲿƷľʣŸոտʼˣ
ȷʲŸոտʼ
ըˣըˣѾ׵ըˡаϵۡؤֱͨͷƤ顣
ͷƤ飿ֱӾ͸ˣûУʵ̫˧̫иоˡѽҶ֪ʲôݴˣ
Ҳֱӹˣʵ̫ȼˣλ֣ΪλֵĸģǹӹΪλȡţаϵۡؤͨ˵ĸоֱǻһȼա治֪ӹģʵ̫ˡ
Բۣ¥ݵúãλֵţǻһȼաңҲȼա
Ӣ۴֮ǰѾǳǳˣڣӹȴַһذը治󣬺Ĺ£εľʣ
ԲۣⲿƷԱ֮ǰΪģҪʵ̫ࡣܿһƷʵ̫ˡ

ȼգĳƺʵ̫ˣٳ侲ԣʱ飬ҲƲסļ
ڣĳƺˣôֱַأ
һ۷Ź⣬ȣ书λˣ϶֮һ
λ˱֮Ϊָؤƽʱؤ磬ǶӦӦþ֮еġؤˡ
ţһѰŴ𰸡
Ȼؤ߹
һǼ˫һգ
һҩʦӦþǡаˣһ㲻Ѳ²⡣
ǹȻҵ˴𰸣аҩʦ
⣬лˡͨǣڡ𴦻ȫӵʦ
ң书֮еĵһ
ֻڣѾš
꣬߹ҩʦڻɽ֮۽ľ书ڲ֮䣬˾书һ
ɽ۽ذըʵ̫࣬һֱȼ֮Уڣּһͻʹһǣȼյøˡ
ڣ֮УѾ֪ˣʣ¡͡ϵۡ˲֪˭
һǣһϸϸĿ˶飬ʱû˵˭
֪˭һ͡
ʱͻȻ˵һǵǰᵽģŷ˵λ常ŷǳ常жꡣ룬ŷ˵常Ӧþǡˡ
һǿ۾һÿʮִ
һ˭Ҳܹȷˣֻڻ֪֡
ֻʣ¡ϵۡˣһϸϸϸڣȷʵûСϵۡκ
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ǿƲһ£⡰ϵۡ϶ϷѵϷĳһҵĻʵۣ
εĻʵۣǵȻǲܵġ
ôڴʱڣһϷĻʵۣ
һǲȷȻ⡰ϵۡҲпָܲĻʵۡ



һǧʮ ۾
ʱѧί칫ҡ
͵һ棬Щ˷ܵ˵ʣʵ̫ˣиӾʣ
һԵĻ˵ɽ۽趨ʵ̫ȼˡ
Ѿǳ϶Ӣ۴һƷһʧҲԼѶⲿƷֵ÷ǳˡ
Ȼڣŷ֮ǰڴֵ̫ˡ
ⲿƷľʳ̶ȣѾԶԶ
ңҪǣڲصʮһ£ƪ»ֻռƷķ֮һҡ
ûʽȵһһָ֮ľʣ
һλ˵Ӣ۴ľʣŸոտʼ
ţЩںĹµڴǰδеǿҡ
ʱ貨Žﻹһ־òҲ֪ӦþǣոշеġЦ
ǺЦ裬ʱѾѽ졶Ӣ۴ĸ¿ˣ
貨ɳǸпһȻ˵ǰˡ
ֵۣ
貨ЦЦ˵ǰδеľʣҴûһƷҲܹ˵ľʡⲿӢ۴ҪС˵һµĸ߷ˡ
ҲͬпһȻ˵ǰһµĸ߷塣˵֮ǰġԽŮС˵¼ԪôڣӢ۴ɾҪС˵߷ˡ
Ŷ߷壿貨ʵȷ߷壿
ڵȻȷǸܰ
貨ͷȷпܣص㻹Ҫӹİճ̶ȡ
ЦЦֵô裬ڻС˵ãʱѧѡʸ𣿡
貨ҲЦЦ˵Ҿ֪һ⣬ҲѾǹˡ͡Ӣ۴ĿǰֳǱҵȷѾˡֻҪӹĿǰ״дȥְϵ⡣
ͷôǾ͹ͬڴɡ
貨ֵȷǳֵڴ

ʥ塣
ǺЦаϵۡؤͨСڰɱųˣȻǳĴ󡣡
֣пȷֻǵ⼸ƺţѾ÷ǳиоˡοƷ֮Уǻ𺳵ʵ̫ˡ
ֵȷС˵ץסλļʣѾԴﵽٷ֮ˡ
˵꣬ǳĸпҲû뵽ܹ֮꣬С˵ʱѧѡʸ
֣ĸп֪С˵ĿУŷǳҪĵλͯƷĿеĵλһ
ڣС˵ܹٷ֮ٵĿ϶ʱѧѡʸԵΪеˡ
ȻԼҲܸˣС˵ҲǷǳϲġ
˵ȷӦûˣϲˣ
һпֵ֮ȫøлǸСӣȻͲʧ
֣ͬĵͷȷСӴûʧ

־硣
ϣһ˷ּۣǳһ̾Ѿ֪̾Ϣˡ
һҪԽӹĿԣѾ΢΢ˣ⻹ڽһܹɹԼ̬ǰ¡
ٻһźҲֻźѣû
ڹӹѾʼĿ
ڡӢ۴˳ɹǷǳ˵ġ
ΪС˵Ҫɹץסһλᣬͼûʲôˡ
һĴ䡣
һţаϵۡؤͨ
֮Ȼһ̾ڵһϹӹǿҲڵһοӹ֮Ĳࡣ
ԼĳϣϹͻȻоһɣԵҪɶˡ
оԼı仯һһЦ֪ʵѾ֪ˣӹ֮ڵĲࡣ
ֻǣԼģһֱԸϰˡ
ڣڳˣҲ࣬Ҫ̬ƺӦûʲô̫ˡ

һڿЦҶһʡ˾ǣʱȴ۾
ѾٿЦҲҡͷֻ˷ܡ
ΪӢ۴ѾǵƷ׵ѹ˫ĲԽԽٿЦҡͷѾûκε塣
ȻˣΪβһ֣ѧϰ̬ȥӢ۴أ
ҪѧϰȻԽԽãо֮ջҲöࡣ
һԼɽ۽趨һֻȻʵĸоƺֿһƬء
һƬأܹǵƷһ¥ǵ۾β


һǧʮ һǰ΢
ٷƽ̨
˷ܵ۵֣ļȻǣɽ۽С澭
˵澭һǾϤǽһۿʱһָо
ֻǣһʱ֮ôҲ벻￴˵ӦôûпŶԡ
ָоֲ٣ָоˣһԽԽˣеϤ
澭ǹӹڡӢ۴һѧǳԹӹ֣֮֮ǰ￴ĻӦҲӹйزŶԡ
ͻȻˡ
۹֪Ϊʲôܾá澭еϤˣΪ֮ǰҿ
֮ǰļٵģѵ澭ǹӹԭ
ǹӹԭҿɻǵùӹںʱһ΢ڡԽŮ֮ɡ
ԽŮ֮һ΢е簡ƺܶ˶ûп
Ҳ뵽ˣǹûпǾԶ
ûҸոȥһ£΢ڣٿ΢ƺǸʱ򻹸иоûˣϽȥɡ
һ˵ӹ΢һȫˣĵɻ󣬡ѵ΢ᵽС澭
Ȼ󣬲ԣԣȫ½ӹ΢΢ڡԽŮ֮µģдʱ䣬Բҡ
ңӹԶԶ
˵ԶΪ˾ģôԶ
ңӹʲôǽ
˵˵ĵطн
ңӹж󣿽ʲô
˵ж󣬽ж󣬽ÿ˵Се⽣Ӱап䣬о澭
伸أŮҲ顣
λŮǣǽټ
һ΢п䣬о澭
˵ٿ΢ȻȳʱиоΪʱĹӹѾǿʲô
˵˿̿Źӹһ֮ǰ΢ֻ÷ǳ˷ңǳΪԣлܵӹµĽ
п䣬о澭Ҳԭӹһ֮ǰѾˡȵȣѵǸʱĹӹдӢ۴Ĵˣ
ܣҵΪǸʱĹӹдӢ۴Ĵ㣬ˡ澭ⲿѧУҴдԼһƷ֮УڴѾˣǲƷǡӢ۴
ţֿԺܴ˵⡮䡯ӦҲ͡澭һһѧˡǲ֪ӹдһƷ֮У
ӦòǡӢ۴ˣ֮һƷҲһƷӹڻûпʼ˼ûйϵѾμס䡯ˣҺڴһƷ֡
ҼǵǸʱҾһʣ⡮䡯͡澭ʲô֪ˣԭѧ

ʱһ֮󣬹ӹһ΢ֽһµ顣

Ƕӹһ֮ǰ΢˳ýŹ
Ӣ۴һڵع󣬱̫ǷǳȤĻԱټϹӹһ֮ǰ΢һýֻãֵñĶʵ̫ˡ
һ֮ǰӹ˵о澭ڣ澭ڽ
аϵۡؤͨӴС˵磡
ڶ顶Ӣ۴Уɽ۽趨
Ӣ۴ԽԽȣרҶԣӢ۴߷塣
ҶһʵұʾӢ۴ѾΪĴڡ
Ӣ۴һƸԣƷѾ޹⡣

ýǵĸֱ۲øʿЩۻҡ

磬ٷְ£Ӣ۴֣Ѿߴ9.5֣ۿžҪֶȥˡ
֮һµĻһƪٷۡǳ
ûʽԣƪ²Ƕλ֣ۣǶԶаϵۡؤͨƺŽз
ָϡУΪ巽巽СɫӦ
мΪľˮ
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ʶС巽ɫףΪľɫɫϷɫˮɫɫ
ٽľԶаҩʦԼŮУСݡͷҩֺ͡ء֡
ߣľҲνз磬ʶҩʦµӣ硢硢÷硢½˷ȣС硱֡
֮ǰ߻֣ҩʦĵӣôȫǴ硱ģ
֪ԭˡ
˵궫аٿؤ
ˮʶ߹ƫΪߡ
νߴߣˮʹˮΪ֮ΪлӣԺ߹ƽʱؤ磬Ϊؤ
Ȼûκεı塣
ٿͨзԡء֣йء
ɼǹӹдɣĿǡ
ˣһ󵨵Ʋ⣬֪ġ롰ϵۡ˵֣ȻҲйء
ֶȻ롰йء
ͬϵ۵ֶȻ롰йء
⣬У˵˵ľˮˮ˻𡢻˽𡢽ľ
жӦԣ߿ٴδ󵨵ƶϣ书ʤһ֮⣬ľȻڲ֮䣬໥֮пˣǣƣ֮˵ĶԹԹǷǷǡ
ٷһƪۿ꣬һǸĲڹӹ趨
֮ǰõô˵
ڹٷƶϣȻǼΪϿɡ
Ƕʽǳڴ



һǧʮ ȥɽ۹ҹ
ʥ塣
ȵѾȥˬʱڣʥοͣԱҪ١
öϵҶѾЩݻƣһ紵һƬƬöƬ
ЩҶӴ诶紵úԶϼο͵С׷Ҷܣò֡
ʥɽеϲ
һͩ£ץסһƬµͩҶ˵˵ЩΪʲôʱ򣬾ҪҶأ
ǺһЦ˵ΪǶҶҶȻҪҶˡ
һۣ˵ȴһЩ汿ΪʲôҪҶ֪
ͬʱŤͷֻһߡСһ˫۾Щ֮ɫ
ӣС֪ΪʲôҪҶ
顰ڡһЦ˳Ŀһۣ˵ôһСѾͷ˰ɡ
Сߣһ30ӣʱε˵ʵǲ˼СӲ£ֵܲҪ⡣
һСˣȴûκε֮ɫӰڰ֣ʾԼ⡣
ȻЦǺǵĶС˵ղ˵СѸ𰸺òã
С￴˿ӣȻ˵ãľҶΪܹȫȹϺĶ졣
С˵꣬ЩĿ
һЦ˵ԭСллˡ
СӵͻȻЩ˼ˣӵķȻ˵лҲǰְָңҲ֪ġ
ԱߵЩСԴȻЩǸĶ˵˼ֵܼЦˡ
ڰ֣ЦСĺܴ
С˵Ĳûд죬øҶˮ֣ͨҶټϣ䣬üӵյˮּ٣ʹˮֹӦȥľͻܿ
ˣΪܹȥľҶ֦γһ㣬һѣҶ¡
ûҶĴˮ֣ɱܹǵ˶죬Ҳܹȫȹ
ȵ괺ů֮ʱܹ֦Ҷïˡ
СĴ𰸹ȻԼ࣬Ҳȷ
Ȼһλʫ˵ĻƻյĲֻҶҪصĻȵȡ
ٴεǸС߿ˡ
ҲǰţĴˣż磬ò⡣

磬Թ緹˵ȥ֣ϡ׼ûУߡ
˵꣬Ժӣ֣ԵӶȥ
磬顢֣ࡢˣҪϰɽ壬ȻɽסһϿճ
Ҫ֪ɽ1000ף߲֪Ӧ1400ҡ
̩֮ɽۣ֮١
ȻҲֻǸ߶Ȳ١
ϴ飬̩ɽ֮ۿճ֮ͱʾҪڰɽۿһճΪ⶯
Ȼɽ۵ճ̩ܺɽճᲢۣҲͬǳֵһ
ʵϣڰɽϹҹŵڶ쿴ճοͲ١
Ϊڰɽ۹ҹҪİȫ⣬Ҷ֪д׷ƵȻׯػǲҪĶ޵ȡ
û˶ޣȻҲû˰ȫ⣬ֻҪһһЩˮͿɽĹһҹ
ȻˣɽϹһҹһ׳۵ճͳΪ˺ܶο͵ѡ
Щοÿĩɽ۹ҹ
ǡŽڰɽ۹ҹοͲ١
Ǵȥģ֣ࡢ֪󣬷ǳ²ҲҪһȥ
ȻûλýɽȻûκ⡣
ʱԵǰ
֣ӲѾ׼ˡ
˵Ѿ׼ˣʲô
֣ˣС׼ûУ
ˣҾ͹׼ûУ
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ɶͷǿҰζԣǲȸζöࣿ
֣ࡢ۾ͬʱһ֣⣬㻹˵Һܳʱ䶼ûгԵҰζˡ
ҸʱûгԵˡ
һЦ˵û£ϾͳԵˣ߰ɡ
֣ࡢͬʱͷԱԼİҪæ
ǰǱôصİǾԵǲϰɽģҪ̫
Ụ̋Ⱒ̣ˡϼض˵
ˣӡϼضͬʱ
һЦ˵ࡱ֮󣬺֣ࡢһ𣬳Լȥ



һǧʮһ ɽĶӴ
֣ࡢˣҵķȥ
ʱ㵽Ժſڣ黹СѾͷҲһ԰æѾͷҲҪһɽ
ֹһ齫ȫãڱϣ˵߰ɣ·ϿߵһЩ
ͷСѾͷһܳԺӣ֣ࡢ˸ϰ֡к֮ҲųԺӡ
֡裬ˡ˵֮󣬺һԺӡ
߳ԺӣСѾͷѾܵòˣ֣ࡢſڵš
󣬼һŴӶİɽڴȥ
·ϣĴ˼˱ϵıŵİ֪˼˵Ŀģ׷ЦŴк
֣ࡢˣҲЦһһӦ
˰ɽڴСѾͷš
ڴɽοͺܶ࣬вһϱһˣҲеҪڰɽϹҹġ
սڣһǳϲӱׯ֣ϡϣҲҪȥɽϹҹ
ӣϳˡ˻ͷһֻʮңͬԱһˣһϲĿǡ
˵ȷˣֱܿǾԬաũׯҵ֮ǰ˱㾭棬ڴ￴ǣҲϤˡ
˸֣ࡢˣҲϤ
ЦȷɽסˣҲǣ
ԣæֱͷܿ˷ܵ˵˽Ҳɽסû뵽ǡׯ֣ϡϣ֪ɷͬУ
ͷǳӭ
֣ࡢҲͬʱʾӭ˵˶Ÿ֡
ܿ˴ϲ˵ʵһϲ
ԼýڰɽסһϿճ˭뵽յɽڴ֣ࡢһˡ
Ȼ飬ֻǲҶ࿴Ϥ˶֪ɫŮׯŮѣ࿴ۣׯﲻˣǾ鷳ˡ
ǣһɽȥʼһ·̣˵ȽƽȣοҲܶࡣ
кܶοͣǴ˺ͺӵοͣһ棬ԽɽߣοҲԽԽ١
Ȼ˵١Ҳֻǰһ·̶ԡ
·ϣŴˣһ˵ĹģĴ󣬱ЦŹѯʣǷͬУ
ǵĿĵضһģԽԽ֣·Ҳо
˵ɽҲһԵ
ܿǾԬˣȻΪˣȻʾӭ
ռˣܿ˽˵˱ׯ֮ǲŵĴʧɫȻƲסĿϲ
ڡׯĴ˵ʵ̫ˣׯֻһݶѡ
Ȼ綼˵ֻҪʥȥ棬пڶ
ȻֻϵĿܣЩˣɴûܹڶ
ȻڣǲڶˣһһȻȥͬһĿĵء
ҪǣȻͬ˵еһֻһͨˣ͸оһλͨһ㣬ŵķǳ
ܹϲ
ԽԽ࣬Խ࣬Խοͼ
һѭ֪䣬Ķ龹Ȼ20ҡ
һ𣬸̸ۣ·ǳߡ
֣ࡢˣʱڵɰɽҪɽסһҹϢҲѾڵɽĵ·ϴˡ
ʲôׯ֣ϡڵɽҲסɽϣԲۣļٵģ
ȻˣϴɽʶһѣոҴ˵绰ھׯĶ
Բۣĸλãǰ滹Ǻ棿
Ǻ棬ǾţҲׯĶ飬ʵ̫ˡ
ĶԻɽжദطܹ
ĽҪɽϹҹο֪Ϣһ˷쳣
λǰģͣ½ŲԭصĶ
ЩλˣѸټӿɽĽŲҪ׷Ķ顣

ĳסСһڽӵ绰
ʲô˵ׯˣׯҲסɽ֮ϣСӾʹţɡ
٣ƭھׯĶѾǳˣƵġʮ˰ɡң˼ӽСӽһ㲻Ľʰɡ
˵ģ
Ȼׯ˵ˣǿҰζԣ۹ž˷ܡ
ԲۣҲҪϾ
᲻̫ˣ
ƨڲ1һ㣬ҿ3Ҿ͵ˣȻɽ߿һЩ֮ǰӦܹɽ
ðɣϽɡҪ̫죬ȫҪ
Ȼˣ˹ˣҳˡ
ӵĵ绰ֻǸ
ӣɽϵοͲ١



һǧʮ ׼տ
ɽɽϵĳһط
ĶڴϢ鿴˿ӴĶ飬˵Ҳ塢ʮˣЩզ࣬˵ԽԽˣòнסɽϵˣһɣ
ǺһЦ˵Ӧòɣû취˭۵Ӱôء
У鷭˷ۣȴǺܸߣôһ𣬵ȷ˼
֣ࡢҲЩпҲû뵽žȻ߳ôһȺ
ȷ˼λ˵Ҳøߡ
ȻһȺģȻһȺһɽǲ٣ߵڣȻ档
ʹһȺ˴Ϊȣֱ̾˵á
СѾͷ˷ܣȺбıʢ
еͬǳߣͬôã໥֮ҲϤ˲١
ʱһԶһ߸̸ۣЦһֱûжϹ
˿ʵׯ˵ϿҰζԣǶз𣿡
ЦȻģ˶зݣһտ͡
һ˵Ⱥб󻶺֮û˵ҰζЦׯڴˣ㻹ûҰζⲻ
Ϣһ֮󣬶³ʱڰɽŴбŴˣŲҴҵֱɽϸϡ
οͼǵɽȻһ˼еģЩֵʵѣΪļ𣿡
֮ЩȴЩ˷ܵشãҪ֮ǰɽʱЩˣԵüӿһЩ
οһͷԭҪȥɽģʱȥɽȷҪӿһЩŲˡ
ʱһ˱ŴڴҴҶ˸ոյĶԻ֮ǰ˵ֵܣĪҲǵõϢ֮󣬴ҴҸģ
֮ǰ˵ǰҲǣ̫ˣһɡ
úãǿЩ߰ɣҹ˻УҲ滹ء
ţ߰ɡ
˽ɽȥֻʣ¸ոλοͰֹϢʲôϢ

5㣬ĶѾҪɽӵӴѾһˡ
У˶ǵһεϰɽҶڰɽĵʲôģǱȽϤġ
ȻֻۼԵɽ
֣ࡢҲֻɽҹǵһΡ
һΣǵڶΣϲĵطǺˮ̿ȾָİƺԼСϣЩ֮ĸࡣ
ֹ˰Сʱʽ˵ɽһΪΰѾԼԿⲿˡ
˻һȻǰӪء
νӪءǾڰɽҹ¶ӪǣԼһط
ɽû˿οǱԼǿƻ˷ǳʺ¶ӪӪأѰҵ˹ۿճѵص㡣
Ȼ໹һЩοԼľ㣬Щطο֮ڣһʮʮ٣ο֮䴫ˡ
ȻֵˣονġӪءȻҲ֪
Ǹطȷʺ¶ӪЩ¶ӪǣȻ˵ʲôҰʦ¶Ӫѡַ棬Ϊרҵġ
˴ŰСʱңʱ˵ӪأʱڻһСʱ
ﴦ治ԶһƽĸߵأΰĸߣİƺҲǰԶѵճۿص㣬ҲͬԶȷһӪկĺõط
ص㵽ˣȻǰӪկϰͬʱկǳ׳ۡ
֪˭һկ
˴ͣЦϡ
կҶİᳵ·ٶĿ졣
ٶȻͬܿ죬֣ࡢˣҪæٶҲ
կͬʱϻ¶ĸпɫӣλǰû¶Ӫ
λʱҲͬ¶Ӫߡֲһ˵Ҫɽҹֵ²ء
СѾͷҲһ԰æСŮĴ۾һգһգģȻС
ûöʱ䣬ϰٶյ֮ϣΪ׳ۡ
е׼ѾɣȻӦΪϵտ׼ˡ
ӪصĲԶһյأտʳʺϲ
˵ЩҶˣǾͿʼ׼ϵտɡʵҲûʲô׼ģΪǽϣõԭʼտֱӼڻϿԼ￾ַԣֻҪһطԼ㹻ĲͿˡȻдҰζҰζûǾطѰҲ𣬴Ҿô
ðׯš
ԣׯš
ԭʼտȤģҲġҵ¶һˡ
У¶һ֣ҿ⿾ý֡
ԭʼտȷȤģ붼񫣡

˺ȻӦãһߴЦһ໥٩˵¶ǳߣڽµտʮڴ
֣ࡢݸҲЩԾԾԵӡСѾͷ˷ܵĻҪԼ
һЦ˵ãڷΪˣһȥѰҲһء
ٴӦãֹæˡ


һǧʮ л
˷ֹæˣСأտ֧ܡ󲿷ȥҲ＾Ƿǳҵġ
ʱտĳر㱻˳ȥѰҲˣҲĻˣŴСĿ֦
ʱֻһХӸ߿д˵жʱһ󼤶æ̧ͷ졣
֪һǻׯХˡ֮˼Х죬Ҳûм
ܼûмʱһļڴ
֮ǰѾµХڽпܻҰζ
ԣʵѾڴܳһʱˡ
ڣһХ֪Хˡ
ȻХһ޴Ӱ֮УȻ˵ͷԽԽٶȲ죬˻Ǹܵ˾޴ѹͿ־塣
ΪХʵ̫ˣԵȻһ˫޴צ־塣
ڴ֪Х첢˺ǣһֱվţһڿ־д˷뼤
͵һ߶ȵʱХצһɣĶڵϣۼοͿһֻֻҰáҰҰѼ֮Ұζ
Ұζ֮ХһХȻֱգʧ
Хʧ֮ϵѹͿ־֮ȥʣµֻ˷뼤
ЩһμХοͣǼԸӣХ죬ȴ˵еĸ񿡣𺳣Ҳ־塣
żˣһЦ˵ˣҰζѾˣͿʼɣȡ֮ǰȫá
һ˵˲ŻعһһҰζȥ
֣ࡢҲǰȥæСѾͷȥƺ߿羰ȥˡ
ҰζǰҰáҰҰѼ㣬ȫö
٣мֻ㹻ʳˡ
οʵׯôɶҰζֳ
ЦȻҰζֳ
Χ˷һûжĺЦոʻҲһЦ˵̫ˣЩļ۸ɶͣƽʱ᲻򣬽пڷˡ
⵹ʵ㻹ЩҰζũׯﶼ۸ǲͣҰáҰҰζܶƽʱ᲻ֻżһЩ
ζ˴ΣôҰζܹ󱥿ڷ
οˣҲ۾Щȫũׯĺöƽʱء
õԸҾæˣëȥƤȻƶǣò֡
Զһ̶Ȫˮ𣬿Ұζϴ
ڴҴҰζʱ򣬻µο͸ϵ
ڸˣʵ̫ˡÿλµοͣ˷ܵĺһ䡣
ȻѸٵİӪկȻҲ뵽Ұζ׼֮С
ɫ𽥰һԲ¸߹գʹܵľȻϡɼ
еҰζȫϣ˻صѾõĳϡ
Ѿ˽ѵȼһʮѣʱȼյʢͮͮĻţյΪ
СѾͷһѻԣŲ
ʱ˵ͿʼɣΪղģڿɾ͵Ǳݵʱˣ
ѾȲˣҵİɡ
ٺ٣Ҳ֡

˺ȻӦãܼûǲã׼¶һ֡
Ҷ֪ƾũׯЩʳģֻҪˣζȻҪԲһˡ
ǺһЦһһԲε򣬺֣ࡢһ𣬳顢СѾͷڵĻȥ
СѾͷ˵磬ͻʲô
Ц࣬ɲ࣬ǰŵһֻˣء
СѾͷ۾һ¶ڴ֮ɫ
ڵϣһС£ʱƵһߣȻԭѵĵطһСӣٰѿƽȻ󽫻ƻԭλǴ󹦸ˡ
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ȻлֻԭʼĽлȻԭʼȴǷ򵥣ζҲǳ
ȻҲտֻû֣Ұʱõһտ
лã֦һֻӣݸСѾͷǿ档
Լ׼һֻ֣ࡢˣѡһ㣬׼ȿԡ
ʱÿһѻԶѾΧˣԿĶﲻϷž
һ߿⣬һߴ˵ЦţǲǵһɽϹҹ֮ǰֺ˼
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ŶлֿɲôΪʲôҪл
ٺһЦСΪǺ߹ϲԵһּ߹֮ΪлȻͽлˡ
֣ͬʱһ㶣漴һЦСӵģҰĲСԺ㲻ãַʽտļͽлˡ
Ϊλ˵
ΪڡӢ۴ʮһµĽβͻҰ֮ʱؾַһֻ
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һᣬ͸㣬ʪ͸ȥ࣬ë䣬ۣŨ˱ǡ
ںУ߹ַͨʽļлĻƾ衶Ӣ۴ľ޴Ӱл֣˵
ģлҲͶˡ
СӾͳɹģַļˡ
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ѵ߹ҪˣǱģֻŨ˱ǵĽл
ţƺȷпܡ
ΪǰУһ˵ɽ۽ʱ˵߹书ɲ⣬ȻȴǼ̰ڸ֮ɽ֮ûʲôʳú߹úЩȤ
ƫʳĺ߹ĽлҲǲܡ
һ߿ϵ㣬һĥź߹¶ں߹ĳЩڴ
лֻߵĻУÿ¶ֻ
лζҷǳʺҰ⿾ųԣΪýëεֻҪɾͿˣǳ㡣
ʱ򣬴Ҳĵ˽лȻҲл
˵ڷǳĹӹġӢ۴Ӧöɣ
Ȼһ֪Ҫ˵ʲôҪ˵һµĽβѾͷҲһֻģļԲԣ
ؿһֻûǽϿζ
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ţҲΪʳı̫ĻٸҲֲӢ۴ⲿƷÿѾǰ沿֣˺üˡ
ҲǣĺܶೡԻҶǵˡ
Ҷ˵Ӣ۴ľʲŸոտʼҲΪӦþͻ̳˰ɣǲ֪˭ȳţѾˣֻʣľˡ
ΪӦǶаҩʦȳʵ÷ĻҩʦѾˡǲʽ㡣
ҩʦȷпȳ߹Ҳпܡ
ţǻҩʦǺ߹Ϊڶ֪֡һ㣬ܹµŷ˵常ϵ۾ȫûˣҲ֪᲻ĸҵĻʵۣ
һæտһ߰ѻĵˡӢ۴֮ϣ顢֣ࡢЩЦЩһﻹ֪ӹںһտء
СѾͷһˣר־ĿӣֳǿģɰСӳú˵ġ
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㰡ˮҪˡЦ˵
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ԳԿȳ㡣мҲͬʱ˵
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ͷģһֱǸļ˵ǰɽ֣ȥɽ´İաæ·һѹˡҲΪǳ֣֮Բû֡
ԭƵƵͷ
˵ѹһ˵Ҳ£ϾֻǴ˵ѡ
˵лׯػʲôѽ
֣ЦȻһ˵ȴһزģȫΪģ壬һ
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Ŷ֣ͷƶȻҲͬкû֮֡С뷨úõİѹ¹˼á
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˵տڼԽԽŨζĴƮɢ
еĶ̿죬Ȼôһ㿾Ľһ˺ȴǳİۣŨ˱ǡ
һ߳һߴ˵ЦʳıԭȻֻ⣬ôҲ壬ԽԽ㣬ԽԽԡ
õʳ꣬˵Цֿʼڶտ
һֱ10㣬˵ɻܸߣɻڴ˵Цš
ʱڻĽлӦҲѾˡ
²ѣлŪ˳ѾøˣЩ֡
𣿡ʵ
ͷӦˡ
˵꣬һľÿ飬ëһ䣬ǳĸɾһŨҲ֮ɢ
㰡
ȷ̫ˣ϶Ȼؿһֻ㡣
Ũζ˷׷˵
Ҳ˵ĺѽ
СѾͷ۲ģֻĽл
һЦֻĸȶֱ֣ࡢ飬СѾͷ
ѾͷȾͲˣѾ˲ˡСѾͷ˵
СѾͷĴһ䣬Ҳ֪˵ʲôû
11еʳȫ˳꣬˷׷׸̾һٳԵʵ̫ˡ
֮˲ûȥϢΧŻѼ˵Ц
һôõգʵ᲻ȥ˯Եʵе࣬죬ҲʳһЩ
ֱ12㣬˲ŽϨ𣬻šԽ뵽Ե֮У׼˯
֣ࡢˣҲԻԼ
СѾͷѾĻ˯ˡ
СĵĽСѾͷ𣬺صԼ֮С

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СʱɫѾ΢΢һЩο½ˡ
ɽ۹ҹĿ֮һΪ˿峿ճȻ
ҲˣСѾͷȻΪ˿ճ֣һ˯ʵģ
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ׯ׼׼͹ȥ
׼ˣ߰ɡ
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ͬһƽ̨ɽߵˣҰǳ
ŶȺɽģ಻Ӱ֮С
һοǷ׷׸̾ɽռʵС
ʮ֮󣬶ʱ߳һߣֽɢȥ졢ơƷϵɫУѤĿ
ȫһճѾʼˡ
տ쿴ճʼˡ˵
ģһðͷ峿ĵһ˰ɽۣء
׳۵ľСѾͷȥĻš
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ճͬ
ֹʮ֣̫ѾЩˣ˲תӪȥ
صӪأ˿ʼʰ׼ɽˡ
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˵֣֮ࡢ˻ԵӣСѾͷҲص
ڼϢһ֮ѧУһֵϿˡ
ߵڴֹ豸ĺɣũׯڶ̵Ľ裬ɻɵĽС
ĺкҲͬһһӦһ߳ڣɽ缯жȥ

⼸ʱ䣬ϹڡӢ۴ʼղϣҶڲ²⣬У֮⣬ľ˭ʽ
֧ߵǻҩʦȻǺ߹
Ϊڶ֪֣ԴҲȳ
ô˭ȳأһڵأд𰸡
һǷǳڴʱ1016һ죬ЦرһڷС
Ӣ۴ʮ¡лڡ͵ʮ¡ˡںʹҼ档
ĵʮµһʼ˴һϲ⼸ʱҷǳעģľ˭ʽ⣬ڽһʼѾ˴𰸡
ȳıǱؤ߹
ǰһµ󣬻ͰķһֻŨĿ
һһʼһؤɢζ
ؤһų΢룬ͷףִţ·һһش˲ȴϴøɸɾһȣӨ񣬱ϸŸĴ«
һϲǣλؤֻĸָ
һﻹףؤȻǾָؤ߹
߹ǱصĿ
ĪǣСҪˣ
뵽һǱø˷ܡ



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˷ܵǼ濴ȥؤȻǺ߹
߹ѻؿֻ֮Ϊл˵ΪлڣҲβζĽл
лһǰƲ죬߹书ȡˮƽȴôʲôֲãƫҪл
ѵΪһлӣ֮Ϊл
ţ⵹Ҳǿ˵Ĺȥ
סû𿾵ַܶ˶֪߹ַļ֮Ϊлһʱ֮䵹ҲȤ
߹Ľл̻ʵĳ꣬Ҳܰ׳˼ôζĽлƬҶøˡ
ÿͲգѾµ˺߹ݣ˺͵书Ȼɲ⣬ú߹ڹһЩ书
ĸ˾Կ󣬿ǧܴˡ
߹̰ʳǴӴУǴӺ߹ոճԽлʱУܹó
д⣬ʳջ߹
ǣؽ˵ǽʳ߹ϲԵüܡ
߹Ҳʳңѻʳʳģ˵˸Ҳûش
ʳջ£߹Լ书ʮеһơлڡڸ˹
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ǣʮһ书һΪϵĽ㡣
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߹ַļ֮ΪлҲͦ˼ġԼϼѣҲȥֻлԣܹܲѺ߹
˵ѾͷĳҲ̫˰ɣһʳֱֻʿˮɵСиˡţǹӹЩʳ̫ˡĪǣӹҲһʳңҷǳóգ
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˵۹˭Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣѵҲľ֮һ
ٺ٣ò£˾ԱǶаҩʦ
ҲҲǣȻô


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⣿ɻĿ貨ʲô⣿
貨ЦЦ˵Ҳ˵Ӣ۴ⲿƷ⣬ǡӢ۴Ŀǰ֣Ѿﵽ9.5֡ȴȻڱԽԽʣȥѵҪ10ֲɣ
ҲһЦ˵ԭôһ⣬һΪַʲôء10֣ɲ¶úúõһ
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ǣĹٷְ֮󣬸ʿԼһǷ֣Ӣ۴֣һһûб仯Ȼ9.6֡
һ㶣ôûб仯ѵٷΪһڵ㹻ľʣ
Ӧòڰҩʦʽǳݺ߹ΪʦѧȫʮƵȵڣô᲻ʣ
뵽һڵݲʣǡӢ۴֣ȥˣⶼ9.6ˣһǣҲ9.7֡
ôڣǻ9.9ˣԺӦô죿Ҫǣܼܲǵ10.1ϲǡ
ԣֻһڲǣԺƴ󲿷ֵټˡ
ԭˣڵ֪ԭ֮ҲȻˡ
һǸǳһǻΪٷһΣҵⲿƷʲôء
Ͼֲǣ֮ǰǷһεġ
һεԭǣٷΪӢ۴ȱ㹻Ԫء
֪ԭֲǾͲǰɣûʲôϵֻҪƷܹʾͿˡ



һǧһһʮ Ե뺯
ʥ塣
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ңС˵ίᣬ֮Ի뺯ӦҲôһ˼档
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湦Ҫһµģԣս鿴ȥΪĹûʡ


һǧһһʮ С˵
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˵С˵ϴ׼ƳģưС˵̽ʽܡΪС˵һ£ʱˡ
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߸յţԶڵľһɺ͸ҰһˣҲ˵顣
Ұһľ֣ʱ䣬뺯ҲӦüĵˣ˵𣿡
Ұһϴ֮һֱǳĹڻȻĻ磬ԼǣĶݣΪһ̫˵顣
ϾС֮֮ƣһǵҲòϡ
ԣҲˣԺһӮǡ
ǣҰһԼȴԽܣһԭǣֱӶԻƷڵĴر
ġСӡѾġ֡Ѿ걾˺óһʱ䣬Ȼӵźܸߵ
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øҰһǳĲƽ⣬޷ԵǱʲôȻֻܹԹˡ
ٴսһǸҰһԸ
ڣҰһ׵սҪһΣǹҲУսˡ
ԣҰһ֮
֮ǰܹǵҵһΰ̵ĻȻһǳĵ顣
ԣľһɸίѾͬ⣬μһεС˵֮󣬸ҰһǷǳġ
ΨһЩĵģ᲻᲻Ͻ룿ĻҲް취
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ľһɵԸ˰ɣǸƺһӰˡԣҵǷսûЧ治˵ܱûкá
Ұһľ֣ĽĻаӮƷƺҲΪó
ľһЦЦ˵ȻаգȻҲ뷽跨ԼôȷóƷóľǣŴµһһס
졷ǣ̹١Ҳǣ֮ǰһġʽܡǡ
ЩƷܹ֮ɹ˱Ƽɵ֮⣬ϤϲģЩʷһϵδȡʽܾˣһǵͲôõЧˡ
ңҵĴ飬ǵʵϲִµƷ⣬ǡóġԣоԵİӮĻ
Ұһ۾˵˵ôҪϲľˡ
ľһɰڰ֣˵磬磬᲻룿һء˵ͷ˵
ҰһЦľǫˡ
ľһɵ飬ĺ˵
ˣľһɵϣȴһͬϲͬϲı顣

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һС˵ɵĻȨ죬ЭЭ졣
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Эḱ᳤ɽΣ糤βһ̫ΪģδίԱϤ
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һεĴԻ˹ھǶڵеС˵˵Ȼһǳûӵ顣
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лǵ֣֮ȻҲǳԸ⿴
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һǧһһʮ ˼ͬ
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ӦûɣΪýǣ϶Ҳᱨ飬Ļкܴѹġ
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ֻǹٷûб仯Ȼ9.6֡
Ȼڴҵ֮Уûʲôۡ
XҲѾȫˣһ汾İ͵İ档
Ųķ룬Ʒԭ
׼ȷķ룬ԼõдվǻһЩġ
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βһ̫ͷĵͶĽֹھͿҪˣѵĲˣ
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βһ̫ûУҹͶĿԲˡ
ɽ̾ϧˣⱾӦһηǳõĻġý磬Ȼûз۷飬ǳϡ
βһֻ̫֤ڻӰ죬֪ĻҪöࡣλˣԺҲлˡΪֻҪǣͻڲ֮ء



һǧһһʮ ʼĸ
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βһ̫ͷ⵹ûǵĲ룬ΪʲôԭǶԸԭ򡣲ˣЧȷǳ磬ǿ
βһ̫ɽζ˳ȴʼӦ£ܾһ£ﵽЧ
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βһ̫ɽζһۣβһ̫˵ɽο
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βһ̫룬԰ǲһֱڵںϢ˰ոЩɾûˣţϧˡ
ſϧȴǲɫĶ˵鷳÷ĸ÷ٶȷ룬ȷ֮ٴӡʹӡ20ݰɡӡ֮õȥ֪ͨδı༭ǵҿᡣ
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βһ̫ͷ⵹ûǱû۷飬ǲˣʵЩҵϡ
ɽε׻ǿʤ˵ʵʹҶһЩ
˵鶼ܲʮ֮ٴŽ˵糤ĲѾӡڻˣ༭ҲѾȥˡ
βһ̫ͷɽ˵ɽҲȥɡ
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δ20༭ϤʱСš
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㹻ţܹӮδĹھɡ˼ҵȷʵֻ˵̫˽ǵˣС˵Ʒƫϲá
ҲǣʵһΣǵңҲûʸЦ˼ҡֻǿϧܶ˺һЩý岢Ϊ
꣡⻰Сȥá

һڱ༭ţβһ̫ɽΣԼβһ̫֣߽˻ҡ
һڱ༭̰
βһ̫ɽηֱ֮ûʲôףβһֱ̫˵λĿģҶ֪ҾͲ˵ˡ鷳Ѹҡ
ִӦһ֮ǰĸֱ𷢵ÿһλ༭ϡ
βһ̫ɽȻҲһݡ
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Ƿ֣ⲿXƷȻԵִΪ
ңŻЩ2090ĵ
ǻƷһڱ༭ǵһ˿ɻ
βһ̫ɽζ˵ȻҲͬɻ
βһ̫üͷ΢壬˵ǻͶĸ𣿡
ַǳ϶شǵģ糤Բ
βһ̫ͷ˵Ҽ濴֮Իѡҹϸ90ΪС˵Ҳ֪ҹڶС˵ϲãҲûʲôֵġ
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ֻǣΪӭǵڵϲãС˵óִһǹҵִûʲô
ⲿٵĳƪƷ˵ĵط
һڱ༭ҡҡͷǲΪһȷѡ



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ǵģ˾ӣұҲûҪÿֻǿһۣѾǳˡ
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Ըղ֮󣬾Ҳû˵ˡ
ֱ˺þ֮βһ̫ⲿƷһ֡
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༭뿪˻ңXĸӣһ⣬ȫ༭С
βһ̫˵ɽҲ߰ɡ
ɽȻһ̾˵ͷ

ľһɵļУҰһһ͡
ľһɹЦҰ֣ϢѽոɽҷһϢ˵ѾͶˡ
ҰһҲһϲ˵ڻͶ𣿻ΪͶءľ֣ϲˣһοԹĴˡ
ľһ˷ܣȴ˵˵Ϊʱ磬˭֪ء
ҰһľǫˣһεĲƷҿѾˣѽӦľĿǰΪֹõһƷˣǷǳʵ˵ЩĽľ־˵߼
ľһе⣬ЦҰ˵ﻰǵͬˣҪˣǱ֮ΪҹŵңҲͬĽý
ҰһֵϧһľΪұˡ
ľһɵҰֿˣǹͬĵˡ
Ұһľ˵öԡˣĲƷкʲô֣
ľһɵʱɽû˵ھڳ磬Ӧúܿͻῴӣ֮Ӧþͻٸϵ
ҰһͷкЩڴ



һǧһٶʮ ͡
ľһɵļУ˺þ֮ʼղɽٴϢ
ľһЩ֣˵ɽ˵ͶֱõдģǾǲҪٷˡôɽӦðѸ˲ŶԣΪγٳûٴϢ
ҰһƬ̣˵Ǹ̫ɽûбҪٸ㴫Ϣ˰ɡ
ľһҡͷԣĸ̫ѵʲô⣿Уҵô绰һʣȻܸо̤ʵ
ҰһͷҲá
ľһó绰ͨɽεֻܿͽͨˡ
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ľһɵͻȻĳֲҲʼһЩꡣ
ҰһҲһ˵ⲻܰƷȷٲҲܳԽƷǡѵɽûпƷ
ľһɵѾˡֻҵƷɽҰ̫˵ƷҲѾˡ
Ұһüɽʲô˼Ʒıĸãܰ
ľһɵֻеȵ2ŵʱ򣬿Ʒ֪֮
Ұһ˵ͷҲȻһֲ̫õԤ档

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β˵ʵνЩ˹ƾͻǳʧˡίһЩˣֻľһ
д˵ľһȥʱ򣬺̨ͬճƣľǷǳϣλİɡȻҹϲС˵ԣľȷʵʵ
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֣޷͵ǾٰδСӲĸˡ
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С˵ۣһڻ̽С˵ǣҲû顣
ʵϣǶûͶͬǳĺ͹ע
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ֻҲףóС˵ܵ˵ϲðȻĻǲ˵
ԣЩϣҪһЩ˵ıóѡ
ʲôС˵Ҫʽ⹫Ʒ˰ɣҲ֪ûв
֪ҲûţٰıǲףŶûС
ΪβУĻһƷɿˡĻõԼȥɣǾͲעˡ
ҹпܲˣȻίǱߣ϶ȲĶƣҲ֮ĻˡȻǿ϶˵÷ǳί˼Ծô˼
пܣʵڲزȥΪûв춼֪𰸣ǾĵĴ𰸾Ϳˡ


糤칫ҡ
糤βһ̫̾ҪеƷˡҹٰС˵ȴû˹ھзǣ۰Ͱ͵˼ġǡ˰Ʒ²
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ΪǸܿ۵סģˣԱ֤XⲿƷһʱ֮ڣͻĺֱ롣
ԣҲֻ룬ȻԹ䣬кڲ
ʱ治ľһɵĽ飬ȥʲôںˣ۰Ͱ͵˼ùھˣ
ɽͬһ̾˵һ⣬ҲܹľһǽϾʱ˭ܹ뵽Ȼдһ˵Ʒֻ˵ˣⲿƷǵΪģҲһְοɡ
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һλС˵磬ΪǸĻᵽˣȴ˭֪ľһ
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ʵľһεĲƷˮѾǳˣƾԵľƷ
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Ϊڽ죬౭С˵еĲƷǼ棬һС˵ʢ硣
峿ꡢͤſڣѾΧǰȥ򣬡౭С˵ƷϼĶߡ
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ֵڴĻľһɽҰ̫˵ƷǻҲ˻Ҳǿڴһµġ
֪ܿˡ⣬쳣ٷҲṫߵῪͨһͶƱͨǶϲƷͶƱ


˵һΪ˴δ췽ڽ˵㣬ʽ繫ˣ˴δвߵƷ
ͬʱڹٷվͨͶƱͨвߵƷС
Ӽ𣬶ǱΪϲƷͶƱˡ
ÿһע˻ÿͶƱͶƱͨͨ죬11612׼ʱرա
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ѡĵһƷľһɵġˮֻɽҰ̫ġҹɫµĳȡ
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ҲһЩѡġXǶƷǳ档
ûһҲ΢΢һѡıȻǣǵ2090óĻŴ
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ִµС˵ȻҹС˵óѽ

ôͬ˼ǵѡȴһģǱǿǰ֮󣬱ûټ濴ˡ
Ҳ⻹мʮƪƷȥһƪȥˣȻҲͲˡ
Ͼûг༭۹⣬ΪһйŹֵƷ



һǧһٶʮ ֻûô
һڶڿĲƷ̽С˵Ҳͬڿǲߣûв߶ڿ
ǶƷҲͬעϾ⡣
ľһɺ͸ҰһˣҲڿġX
ľһԼǰɽ˵Ӧ֮һֱЩ㷣ƷɲƷС˵һ˵ӣɾͶˡ
һ磬ȥƷϼһȻǰҰһġ
ǰǰ¿֮бҲһϲΪдַѰ·
ܿ죬һǲѰ·дַ
ѵʲôɻǼ濴ȥ
һСʱ֮ľһǳʱĳĬû˵һ֡
ǳĸӣвţоޣзŭǲʺΡ
ҰһͬǳĲʺΣľһɣ죬Ҫ˵ʲôȴһҲû˵
ܹľһɴʱ飬ΪҲй
Ȼȴ֪Ӧ˵ʲôֻܷǳεﳤһ̾

ľһɡҰһˣˡXһС˵ǣҲ࿴ˡ
ǼѡģȿʼƷ
ǵʵҲΪĸӣȻûпľһɡɽҰ̫˵Ʒ֪XδĹھӦѾʮþˡ
ǹҾٰıȴΨһһ߶˹ھЩС˵˵һǳ顣
ýǣڻö֪Ҳǡ
Ľû뵽ġ
֪еĲǣӮľһС˵һӮӦǰ϶顣
ȻȴдˡXƷһǾޡ̾ΪֹƷһƭдƷ
ľһ䶨ˣҲֻ»С
һС˵ֻ̾ϢκͲʡ
Ȼ׿أǵַǳ˷ܺͼǴС˵дҲûܹһС˵
һ̾ϢκͲʣһ˷ܺͼӵ֯һҲʵ̫Ϊˡ

ܶĶѾľһɵġˮֻɽҰ̫ġҹɫµĳȡ
Ǵʱ飬ǳ˷뼤ǡˮǡҹɫµĳȡʵ̫ˡ
Уˮ˵ҪԸڡҹɫµĳȡ˵ΪֹΪʵС˵
˷ܵǾԼϣЩûпƷˣϽȥ
ǰʱȴȿһЩˣXۣ֮ǹЦ
ȥҿľġˮ˵ȥƷءˣǲˣ˵Ʒȥ
лЩȿXˣûȥ˷ʱ䡣
ҶڡXۣȻ˵ĲúܶĶﰵңҿûѡƷ
ҲһЩɣƷôܰɡȲľɽҰǵƷҲܲɡǵû濴
ٺ٣ûôȥ֪ˡֻҪǰ£Ͳٿȥˣᵢʱ䡣̾˴
УͿһ治Ʒ˵һЩ˸ţXʼĶ
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ڻмʮƪƷڵǣȻҪȥġ
ҲһЩѡȥϾҵĸŮɱ˵֤ݣҲһġ
ȻſţǾ͸оЩˡ
ھɽĵ̷ԣһʬ壬ȷǾӵĵڶǰ򸻼ᣬʱ310ϡ
ңҲѾȷΪ˷ˣʼԾӽе顣
ȥѯʣ310϶Щʲô
ӵĻش˵°֮ǺŮһȥ˵ӰӰȥݳȻȥKTV˸衣
֮󣬾ȥ龸˵Ƿʵ
öɻ鷢ˣڵ֮󣬳˿ӰһǷʵдȷ֮⣬˵ݳԷKTVһ£Ȼȫʵ
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֮ǰ˵ʱǶΪǺ˵ģȵһ飬ԱᱻҴ
Ȼھ֮󣬾˵ľȻġ
ʲôһڶǸ㲻ˡ
ͬʱҲԽԽ˷ܣⲿƷûô򵥡



һǧһٶʮ ƭ
ԽԽ˷ܣҲԽԽоⲿƷûô򵥡
濴ȥѾȷˣ˵ݳԷKTV裬ȫʵ
ΨȥӰԺӰһ£ʼûҵȷʵ֤ݣʹþԾӵĻһֱڡ
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Ȼȴʼ޷֤ϾӲûȥӰ
һڶԽԽɻ󣬴Ҷ֪ĸŮʧɱ֮еƺ飬ʯһġ
ĸŮԾѯʱ˵ǣҲʯ̵ġ
ѵһжʯƵģʯģʹֶΣ
չҲһֱΧžĸŮ顣
ȻԽǵ룬ĸŮĿԷԽԽСʹһڶ棬ȤҲԽԽ
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ʯţлһҲţʯѧʱУѣ
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SʧȥʯϧУѡ
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ʯһ仰֪֮Ѿƭ֡
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һڶǿȻ֪ʯΪ˸ĸŮȥ׵ġ
ȻȴȻЩԺʯƵƭȻ
ֱҵӣʯһУȫ߾֮һڴס
Ȼ֪ʯϣ߾ӣΪþ֪࣬þ֪ʯжôȫ˽ȥôʯǶôֵá
ǣҵ˾ӣһС
ԭɽ̰ԵһҲǾһֱڵһʯʯ񲢲ڰﾸӶǸɱġ
һڶЩ±Ƶʱһ仰ͻȻĿɿڴ
ɽ̰Եһʬ壬Ǿӵĵڶǰ򸻼ᣬһˡ
ʯΪ˱ӣһɱھĸŮʧɱĵڶϣҲ310ŵϡ
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עԶҲҲ֤ݣΪϣĸŮȥ˵Ӱ
֡Ĳڳ֤þһֱɾӣҲһֱһʬǸᡣ
ӵĲڳ֤̫иɻĻ˵ỳɣǾʬ岢Ǹᣬʯƭ֣˵ҪҴˡ
ڣ϶ǾʬǸᣬ᲻ϵĶʬĸϸڽе顣
Խ룬ϵɾԽᡣ
ΪǸ˱ͲǾɱģģһɱ
һƭ֣ûʯƭֽԶĵҲ᲻֮ΪԶ
ȻʯҲ֪ûаٷ֮ٵķҲΨһš
һռƣǾǵ˿ƭ֮ȥ򾯷ף˵ɱ˸ᡣ
ƭڻǱͬŵˣǣȥˡ
Ǹ˱ɱģһϸȻ˵û˿Ļɡ
һУȥסŵľӡ
߾ӣһжǳʯʤˣԶıס˾ӡ
˾ӣ֪ľӶãûϣһ˰Ϊȫ
֮ǰʯƺģһУǰʯźõġ
ѯʱһһʵش𣬸û˵ѣֻ֣ʵΪζǰڶϵ飿
Ҳ֣ĵΪԽԽԶ
ڣˣǸʯ񡱵ˣΪеһС
գѡף޷ʯΪһУҪʯһܳͷ
ӵףҲʯһйһջûܱסŵŮˡ
ʯڵϣҰһ˻ƺҪŻꡣ
µˣһڶȴ㶵ģЩûлع



һǧһٶʮ Ѿ󲿷ֵĶ
ǿˡXȻһȴ㶵ģûлع
ΪʯƵģ˼ƭֶ𺳣û뵽һ˿԰ֵزΪˣеȫ
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ʯԾӵİȻ𺳣Ϊȥɱһ޹ˣݰǷѾЩΣ
Ʒ֮бʯɱġʦһߡ
УʦδκˣκʵҪϵ֮밸ϵʯѡУΪʧʽ
̣ʦһ޹ߣһ׵׵ߡ
ȻӿɱǣΪʦһߣû֪Ҳʽ˺ټıεУûһ
Щ⣬ÿ˻ԼĿ
һƷ˷˼ƭ֣ʯϧ֮Ķ־֮⣬Ȼֵ࣬˼⡣
һڶǳĬʯƵģ˼ƭ֮⣬ΪЩֵ˼⡣
ԣXŶǵģư
ʱ۵ȻڼͶƱͨѾߣͶԼеƱ
УľһɵġˮƱߣѾƱ
ɽҰ̫ġҹɫµĳȡ֮Ʊ
ƷУƱҲв٣ҲǧƱ
ΨġXֻп100Ʊ⣬Ӧûж߿ʩġ
һڶǿ˷ܣ꣬˷ܵԸࡣ
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Ϊ˵۾һδ

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ǹȻǳźͬʱַǳҺ͸мм˴룬ǿһƷ
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˾ƷӦܵǿ˥ڮ١
㣬ԻƷ
ȥһ¡Xɣһʲôƭ֣ƭ֣
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ȥһ°ɣһλѧңһ˰Ϊɱ˵ı衣
һΰƷǵģֻƭ֣ණֵ˼
XԽˣҹеƷȻҲԸϣʵ

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ȻиˣֻĬĬĿ飬ͶƱ˭ƷҲͶ
ƱȻ࣬һ˶ܷϣǱǴӽʼXѾ˴Ķߡ



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ʱٻص112磬ڴ˴С˵ĲƷҲͬзǳڹע
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ϾҵĶϲƷܻһЩ
Ҳ˵Ʒͬ˵ľһɡɽҰ̫˵Ʒһ
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Щʱ˵ÿͻ֣ʮֵĲˬơ
֪ЩԶʧΨһܹģǲȥЩֺˡ

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ڷǳ棬ĶΪʲô־ת䣿
ȷҲ̫˰ɡ
ʵҲԲ²һ£Щֻǰһ㣬Ϊûڼ¿ˣȻϴ࣬ҲͶ˵ˣʵܶ˸ͻûп˿ˣⲿƷĺã֮ԽԽ߶ˣҲͷͻˡ

ķǺЩҲʹһǣ̽С˵ǣڡXڴˡ
һʲôƷôһʼΪ֮ΪһΰƷ
ȫǳеҪ֪𰸣ҲҪȴá
Ȥζͯµ־桷Ѿٷ죬Ҳ113ŷеһڡ桷ϣС˵X
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113ա
ĶǣȻ顶X
ٷͶƱͨУӽ賿ʼXĵƱһ·ϵʱѾ5Ʊ
ߣһڵġ桷У̽С˵ǣԼֵķ̽С˵ǣҲڿˡXⲿƷ



һǧһٶʮ ɹ
ߵһ̽С˵ǣ̽С˵ǣڿˡX
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ŵýǵĸۣЩУᴩģĽʺ޵ζǾ;˷ܡ

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ΪɽҰ̫ġҹɫµĳȡ

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ˣһδɵʥ֮УǱһҪ£XӰıȨĿġ
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ʵڴ˵仰ʱѾˡ
ȻԷ˷룬Ҳ΢Цŵȷ뽫ȻҲԻĻػ
еӰӹ˾ҪXĵӰıȨ⣬Ҳ⽫ӰıȨӰӹ˾
ⲿƷǣǰС˵ҶҰƷ
ңǰҲĹͬӰXۻǷǳġ
ЦŴĳ⣬ҲŽǴӰӵʵԸ˾к
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գǴӰӹ˾԰ǧԪļ۸ˡXڵĶҵӰıȨ
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ڽһƺѾԼ̬Ըĵ̬ȡ֮õƷɡ
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ȻȻӢ۴ΪΨһĽ㣬йע˴δ˵Ŀ⣬ҲֻšӢ۴ˡ
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⣬һýǵĿ⣬ҲȫֻšӢ۴ˡ
Ӣ۴Ҳûйעʧʼվʲϡ
йض˵һϣһɽ֮У˱еһλ֣ͯܲͨ
ܲͨҲǻҩʦһֱһ֮ˡ
ȻҲܲͨʱ뿪ֻҪûҩʦҪһΪɡ
У˶Ҫõ澭
ܲͨƫƫһԣһҪ书ʤҩʦ֮󣬲ſ뿪
ܲͨ书ȻߣʼջҪѷҩʦһ
ˣʮܲͨʼղ뿪ɽǻҩʦ뿪һʱҲߡ
дܲͨɽܲͨǻϲȻСȻǺͯԵܲͨŹΪֵܡ
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ֵܣһ书ߣһȴõܵܵͷڽҡײƭ
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ҳ˶Խصģݵ֮⣬ĻǼڣӢ۴֣ܹܲﵽ10֣ԼС˵ܷɹãʱѧѡʸϡ
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ȻѾ˵ˣһ˵һΣȫøлӹġӢ۴Ȼڵ飬ǻȻͬġ
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Źٷƽ̨ϣǵĸۣҲܲƽ󣬹ӹС˵ĵλֻҲܹˡ
֮ǰ϶ǳĲˬڣΨипԼһЩź
źһվûܳԽӹǴڽһϵϣվûܹʵ֡
ѾҪˣЦЦһҲԼ̬Ȼ޷Ӣ۴ƷӦҲᴴԶڸõƷǷǳֵڴġ

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ңѾӰӹ˾ˣƷĵӾıȨǢ̸֮УѾǳˡ
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һΣǵĲƷӹġӢ۴ԶԭҪλᣬ֤㽭Ȼڵϣա
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ǿǵľӦǣδƷԱ㲻Ҫ㽭ڵĲԽԽ
ȻڽʱѧٷϢ㽭ǣڵǵһģڴ֮УִŽš

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ʱҲЩţ֣ЦͰķɡǶսһΣ
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Ӣ۴10֡
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ʱѧһС˵Ľڽ׾ٰģڶʮʱѧ佱ϣС˵ʽΧʱѧ



һǧһʮ һƷ
ʱѧٷĹһС˵糹׷ˣ뵽һƬ񻶵ĺ֮С
˷ܵĹЦС˵ĵλǵĵλӴʽ̤һµ̨ףС˵Ӵֽ뵽һȫµ硣
һ˷ܵıʾڶС˵Ĵӵǰδеļ飬С˵ķչҲӵǰδеġ
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ңС˵ĵλˣԵĻἫĴ̼еС˵ߣԼС˵ˡ
Ԥǣڽ󣬽ԽԽľƷ֣ҲԽԽģ߲ӿ֡
С˵ӣɻԽԽҸ
С˵ܹ֮õʱѧѡʸ񣬺ʣȫΪӹġӢ۴
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Ϊ̫ϲӢ۴ˣӢ۴ĵλԽߣɻԽ˷ܡ

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֮ǰ˴С˵֮ܶʵãС˵ܹץסᣬõʱѧѡʸ
šӢ۴ԽԽߣϿҲԽԽߣЩ֮ǰõˣҲıԼĿ
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С˵֮˲ѽѾٵķչˣڸҪˡ
û취˭˼ҳһӹأʵĽ
ңӢ۴ûᣬûѾ񣬲ѽ


ʱѧٷϢոչãڶýҲͬȲģڵһʱ˱
ʱѧٷС˵ʽãʱѧѡʸ񣡡
ʱѧٻС˵Ӵ˿µļԪ
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ڶýĸֱ׷׳¯ӹġӢ۴һγΪڿڽ޵Ķ
Ӣ۴֮ΪһƷѾõ˸ĳϡ
Щûйע˴С˵ˣҲڸýĿըУ֪С˵磬һƷӢ۴

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һۣȴǷǳ˷ܣ˵үү⹫ǣڿ϶Ҳǳĸˡ
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һЦ˵߰ɣȥԵתһת˵ϽҪͳԷء
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Եӡ
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ֵ֣һֵüĺӣǲǵðһ
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绰ͲôˣѾ֪ˡĻ˵꣬ԶԶ
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һߣһߺٺٵôҾ˵ҪͰɣһǮʡѽ
һ첲ϣһš



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ʱѧί칫ҡ
Ҳ൱ĲһεС˵ܷʸѡʱѧ֮վӮˡ
貨Ϊ׵һˣʼǿҷԣڵȫ֧֣Ƿǳˬ͵ġ
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һЦ˵ôûйϵûңҲûһεС˵ôҲûйӹġӢ۴ˡֵȥôƷ˵裬ǲӦøлţ
貨ûҲҲһûУһεС˵˵ӦлҲŶԡ
ҡͷЦˣۻǸлӹɡӢ۴ڱˣȷʸ񡣡
貨ͷ⵹ûڣӢ۴Ѿصʮˣоʮ˰ɡƺûƣٵóһˡ
϶ʣôʵĹ£ҿ϶ԸôᣬҲ֪ӹԤƵǶ٣
貨Ƕ٣һδı棬һֱţǵĽƽ̨ԼӢ۴ררҲرգֱӢ۴ᡣ
ȻУ֪ӹŵĴʲôӵģôʵƷҶԴֵҪ󣬿϶ҲǷǳߵģֿǧҪźðţԹӹĹһôʧġ
貨ͷֵȷҪźãԹӹĹȷû⣬ǾĵȴͿˡ

ڴ˴δרҳ棬ٷƽ̨Ӣ۴ררȣȵӢ۴֮󣬲ŻʽرյϢٷҲͬ˹棬ͬһ˷ܡ
Ѿϰڹٷƽ̨ϣйءӢ۴ݣھ͹رˣǹƻЩӦ
ںˣǻԼڽƽ̨ϣйءӢ۴ݡ
רٷҲͬһڵͬѡ⣬һȻ֮һһƴʦ
һǹضˣԸʱͨǳɹء
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ÿרҳϣһƪµ񻰴˵Ʒ
ȫضԴ˸Ȥǣڴ



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ӦǻƵսɣƵѽôţ˻ƵۣȻҲ׵ۣ˵׻ƶ֮䣬ʲôء
ΪӦˮĿеżӢۡ

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һǧһʮ 񻰴˵ĻԻ͵Ļ
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Բˣ֣һ壬һضǡ
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֮ǰġա͡϶¡һָоһᵽˡ
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ңҪǣӽ쿪ʼĻĶŮ֪˭磬Ǳ̹Ŵ
֮ǰΪϵ۴磬ĻĶŮȴͬţڻĲõ񻰴˵ĻУһҲһλ硣
ֻǿϧõ񻰴˵ĻѾ󲿷ʧˣֻ²ȱȫֻƬڵǣ˵ĲûԻ͡
ڣ͹ӹ˵ĺճЩѾʧĲ񻰴˵ĻƺҪһ̬ǵǰ
֮ǰġա϶¡丸աӦ˵Լһƪ̹ſ졷ǻ񻰴˵ĻܻԻ͵Ļ
̹ţһһ㡣
ԽԽ˷ܣԽԽϵ˷ܡ
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ǣһĲõ񻰴˵Ļɲܹȵġ

һƪ̹ſ졷أҲһ񻰴˵ƷĻ

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᯸Ӷ˻û뿪ԵӣҲˡ̹ſ졷һƪƷ
̹ſ죡ָоһ֮һᵽָо᯸Щ˵
һᵽˣա϶¡ƷʱĸоҲЩ
ʥ壬Ϳˡ̹ſ졷᯸룬һʥ壬᲻һ㿴ƪƷ
Ҳǳ˷ܣ̹ſ죬ƺӦþǣ񻰴˵ĻԴˡ
ҲһϾ񻰴˵ĻЩǱȽҵġ
˵ĿǰܹҵϿ̹һֱһλǳҪᯣΪ̹ſһ˵Ƿ
᯸ΪܺҿƪƷʱ֮ĸоָоΣ֪̹ΪǳĹףƪƷ̹ſٵأ廯ḻʵ磬ص̹ǳĹףǺϵġ
ӵͷҲΪңʵ񻰴˵ĻУ̹ĹףȷǿٵأĻ֮ǰоʱһЩĵطƺҲܹ͵ͨˡ
᯸ôһ¶⡮̹ſ졯һ˵񻰴˵Ļϵоȷзǳİ֮ǰġա϶¡Ʒһ
ֵСһδ̹ſ˵ƺѡģ֪һƪƷʲô
᯸ѡģӦþǰ׼ģƷʱȺ˳ġһƪƷ̹ſأ磬һƪƷǳֵڴ
ӵͷȷˣǳֵڴ



һǧһʮ ǽֲ֣ǽ
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̹ſ졷ϴרҳ֮Ҳһֱǵۡ
Ŷ˷ܡۣҲ÷ǳϲǻһһڡ̹ſ졷ǳϿɡ
֮᯸ӡ֣ࡢңҲ׷ͨ΢˸Զڡ̹ſ졷Ŀ
ǵķȻҲͨǵۣڲʱ̹ſĹ£Ѿ
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ŶǶڡ̹ſ졷ϿɣҲͳ׵ķˡ
һ񻰴˵Ʒʢ磬ܹĻˡ

ϣȻ࣬ڡ̹ſ족ۣң۵ĻԽԽࡣ
УȤĻ֮һǣµƷ֮УֻǹһλĹ£ֻǹļλĹ£
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ȻµƷ֮У϶һλµĴ֣˭أֻʲô飿
˶ǳĺڴ

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Ǹ˱Ů洣Ů洺̹һǻ񻰴˵ĻУΪ֮һ
ŮΪĹ£ȻŮˡ͡Ů洲족׼Ƴ
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ǹؼһȻиõĹԺȤζԣĴˮҲ͹ŭײɽйء
񻰴˵γɺʹУΪңҲûжԴ֣֮ͿǴĸȥоˡ
һνҪƳƷ׼չµĹȻӵȤҲӵˡ

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ҲЦ´οԹסʱ
᯸ȻһιȻҪסĳһЩ
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֣ǿ˼ˣȻСҿСᣬƺҲ
ҲȷҿСڴйʱ䣬δؾͱ١
һ̾˵ֻˣڴйУȴڼƴʱʹࡣ
֣ЦӦһֵܿ飬ȴС˵ʹˡֵȷ࣬⵹û
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⵹ᣬӢ۴ĸӣѾϾҪˡ֮ؾˡ
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ٺЦӢ۴Ľ֣˵ǽ֣Ҳ˵ǽ֡
֣ͬʱһ㶣ʵǽֲ֣ǽ֣Сɶ˼Сӿɱ
Ȼˡʲô˼Ժ֪ˡˣߣˣܶģûС
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ͷ⵹ҲǣЩɻСӣͲ˵һЩô
֣ЦҲã͵һˣ˼
Ҳǣǽֲ֣ǽ֣˼
һ˵һߵԶˡ



һǧһʮ Ůˡ
ϡ
񻰴˵ɺܶ࣬ʱԽǽӽ㣬վԽ֡
Ϊʱµڶƪ񻰴˵Ʒܶģ͵½רҳš
ڶλǳĴ˭أϾҪˣֱ̲ס˷ܡ
˭϶쵱ĴԣҸڴǣǳĴ񣬵׸һʲôģ춯صĴ¶
Ҿڴɣ󼸷ӵʱ䣬𰸾ͽˡ

ԽԽˣ½רҳ棬ʱҲڵ
һҳһˢ£ȻֶһƪƷ
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𰸽ڶλǳԶŴŮ洣Ů洴ɵĴ¶Ȼˡ
һ˷ܣ˭һΪϵڴִ֮ǵȻǵһ߹ǴޣȻࡣ
ĶŮȻΪͬΪڻĲõ񻰴˵ĻУҲһһλԶŴࡣ
λԶŴ˭Ѿ˴Ҵ𰸣ǱŮ洡
Ů洣Ҷ֪̹һһλǳҪҲͬǳشĹס
ֻǣʲôףȴѾʧˡ
ڣ˴Ҵ𰸡
˷ܵĽƷ㿪Ů˵Ĺչǰ
̹ſٵ֮ǳɽľ޳㣬ȴΨûࡣ
֪ʲôʱʼؼһλͨŮ񣬽Ů洡
Ůһ֮Уܹ仯ʮΣ֮ߣоǳĹ¶ΪӦøؼ䣬һʲôؼ
һ죬һˮرߣһŻ࣬ˮصӰԼģһС
СһرˣһŮ洳֮Ϊ衱
Ů洷ǳˣС֮Ϊˡ
֮Ů洿ʼͣˣҪ˲ء
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Ůֽ֮˶Ϊ˺Ůˣ˼Ȣ֮˺ŮԼȥһ
ԽԽ࣬ܲϢ

һƪŮˡ꣬еȫ棬ԭŮŮûġ
Ǹ֮ǰһĸоʷѾʧ˵ģʵ񻰴˵
񻰴˵֮У˵񻰴˵ǵޣǻҲŮ洡
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ΪʲôҪˣ
Ϊأçç黵ԭҰŵգʹͨŮŮ洣е˼į¶˵ԸԵȻʵ
ˣˣҲ˷ǳϸ
Ů˶衱ĺʹŵؼ䣬ʱ˼鰮⣬Լ֮֡
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᯸Ӷ˵ĵҲܿϴѽֵ
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ٺ٣ҸоһӦò٣ǿԳ׵Ŀ񫡣
ǰ̹ſٵأŮˣ£ƺһĹؼԡ
ȷһĹؼԣЩ񻰴˵Ʒ͸ˡ
̹ſ죬Ůˣ֪ʲôڴѽ


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Ҳ᯸Ӷ˵ĵԴˣͬ
Ů˵Ĵ˵֮˳ĺԡԣűȽϴĹϵ
ȻŮ˵Ĵ˵ֹһ֣ŮʱǰƵŮԱ۾ɣ첲Ƶȵȡ
ҲŮ洺ͷʵãöˣܳ˵
ŮûС˵˵ΪҲġ



һǧһʮһ ũٲݡ
̹ſ죬Ůˣϸ࣬һƬ
Ȼķչìܺͳͻ⣬ֱΪصս
ΪʲôսΪΪԴΪҰĶս
׼ƳƷĶŮΪ֮ܵ׻ƴս
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׵ƵۣĶŮͬȣ֮Ĺ£ܹΪ֮ȲҪ֪
ϸѯ磬׻ƶ۵ļأ׻ƶ۴ļأҪԶ࣬ȻкܶҪ¼ûд
׵۳ٲݣſƣ֣׻ƶ֮Ȫ֮ս׻ƶ֮¹֮սȵȡ
һ׼Щȫдǣϸ׵ʶ׻ƶۣҲΪ᯸ӵʷѧо׻ƶۣṩϡ
׼ƳƷǡ׵۳ٲݡֻ˵ҸΪϤġũٲݡ
Ҳ׻ϵƷĿƪһĶǴ񫡣

ʱߣڡŮˡйȥɫѾ1115յİ졣
ʱٴҴҶֵܿڴʱ̡
ؿˣˣҲˣָһλ
Ѿ۷׷ס
ڽһλҵΪԲ²һ¡ƳƷĹԿˣô϶Ҫչչһĳ̶ȣǿ϶ⲻ˳ͻͷսԣԴ󵨵Ĳ²һ£Ĵ񣬺пķйء
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׻ƶۣǰɣôȼգ¥ϿɲҪ⹴ҵθѽ
˵׻ƶۣ֮ǰӹڡӦ˵ᵽӦǻƵ۵Ĳ£һսУնɱȡѵҪдһսˣ̫˷ܡѽ
ȷǳĴ׻ƶۣ⡭룬˷ܰ
ǣ׻ƶۣۻĶŮͬȰ
ȿȡǸȲҪ׻ƶֻҵĲ²⣬һǡҲʧ׻ƶ۽첻ǳԺҲһǳġţһ׻ƶ۵ġ
˵û׻ƶһǳģǴҾڴˡ

˵׻ƶۣеǣԵı˷ܡ
û취׻ƶڴҵĿУ̫ΰˡ

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ǵۣЩ棬ҿȻµ˽콫ҪǳĴ񣬱׻ƶۡ
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أӵϲ׻ƶۣҲӻ׻ƶ۵ΰ
ʱ䵽׼ʱϴˣƷũٲݡ

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ڡٲݡҵǲôһ¶
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ںܾúܾǰɽһʯһС
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࣬͸ģɼͷϳֻǣţͷ
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ڡ׵ۡνҲһ˵׵Ϊգũľ꣬շ֯ʹûԹԺգԻ³ϣΪ׵ۡ
һΣ׵ۿһֻɫһһĶһĶ˳׵ʰΧסȦ౵ؽһˡ
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׵ɴ˷ũҵҸ׵۵Ĺ£׵Ϊũ
ܱߵĲֳ׵۲Ϊũ䣬Ϊũϣũҵ졣




һǧһʮ ׻ƶ֮仹ս
׵Ϊʲôֱ֮ΪũҲһЩأԣܶ˶֪׵۱ũ
ȻҲһ˵˵׵ۺũˣ˵ܲУһ㶼Ϊ׵۾ũ
ũٲݵĴ˵ҾͲ֪ˣƪƷڼ򵥵Ľһ׵֮Ȼ͸Ʒ⣬ũٲˡ
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ϹʱȺӲݳһҩͰٻһЩʳԳԣЩҩβ˭Ҳֲ塣
տԹӣϵķԽԽ٣µԽԽϡǾֻöӡ
˭ҪҲҽҩֻܹӲȥͺãȥ
ϰյļ࣬ũҵʳճ伢ҵҩβ
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ũĻݣȫһһժƷ
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һɽһɽ󡢵ӡֲܹ伢ðֲ
˰ٲݺ¡ƽȵҩԣ˰ٲ֮ʹ໥ϵҵ˿βĲҩ

һƪũٲݡ꣬еĶһ󼤶ԭǽԵβõĸֲҩũһˣڳ»֮Ѱҳġ
Ȼֻһ񻰴˵ȴԸţģũһΰˡ
һ顣
ũٲݣũֺֹٲݣһĶŮͬȣũʵ̫ΰˡ
ƪũٲݡȻһƪ񻰴˵һкֺũũҵҵ˿βĲҩҽѧԣΪũٲݡ񻰣ֲȫ񻰣ũΪо̽ҩŬΰ˵Ӱ
֪׵۷ǳΰ󣬶ڿˡũٲݡ֮󣬸о׵۸ΰˡ룬׵ΪĹף϶ֹũҵҽѧҵЩ֪᲻׵۵ףҲһһд
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һƪũٲݡ֮󣬶Ѿ֪ˣ׵۶෢չҪס
һ꣬ȣ춨ũҵ
ʹúȣʳΪĴ£ٽũҵķչûתũ˻ĵũҵĻ
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ȻǷ񶨵ģ׵ԶԶֹ㣬һƪƷἰ׵Ϊ෢չס

ˡũٲݡ֮еĶ߶һƪƷڴ׵ũĹȻûн
֪һƪƷƺɻǹ׵۵Ĺ£ǣֻʲôĹ£ũҵҽҩҵ֮⣬׵۶ķչЩף
Ще⣬ȲҪ֪𰸡
ʱˣ1116㣬һƪµ񻰴˵Ʒµʱˡ
Ķߴ˷ܡڴ飬½Ļרſͨרҳ棬ĵƪ񻰴˵ƷȻ¡
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ɶ˼׻ƶ֮仹սƺܰɡ
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еĶϸһ룬԰׻ƶ۷ֱͳŲͬĲ壬ͬһʱ֮䷢սƺûʲôֵġ
ôһսĽʲô˭Ӯˣ
еĶУ͵һ



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ǣ׵ܣױгΪУ֮񣬾֮׶ˣ
׵۷ΪУԼҪĶ߹ʣĶȥ˽ԼҪĶ
гǻңҵչԴͻʯ
г׵Ϊ෢չһס
еĶ˷ܲѣ׵ĿеԽԽԽԽΰ
ǵ˷ܻڼ
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׵۵Ĺ׻ԶԶûн
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׵ۻ٣ְաͩΪ٣˿ΪңңԻ̡ǡ硢ٷ֮ܵ£ܱũ֮ͣʹ֡
׵۵ַÿһķչЩǳҪ塣
еĶǣ׵һΰķ޲񼤵׵޵ĸмͳ羴
ܹ׵۵ϣĿ䴴ҵ񣬷׾񣬸ΪȵĴ쾫񣬰۲ӣǿϢĽȡ
׵۵Щ񣬼ĻĺǣȻĶУϿҰ׷Ƚ
⣬׵ڹ䣬Ҳз䱨̰֮ƣ¹֮ǹˣ¹֮Ե壬Ͷڣа㣬ӣɱʡ޲
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ݴƵûã˵15꣬Ѿͨ20ʱ򣬼̳ܹλΪϵ졣
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ȻڴӼˮ򶫷չĹУ̳׵ۿũҵ飬ԭʼũҵչ߶ȷٵĽ׶ΣʹѸٷչ׳
Ƶ۵ĲҲͬչˣǳ׳ĳ̶ȣƺڲϵš
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͸ڵʷѧоԴ˷ǳѣ˵һ۲ݡ
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ڣڡ׻ƴսƪƷ֮У硣



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ȻһϲȻһӡһҰޣΪʲôһַţҪĶأ
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ഫڲֳɹһ죬һ£һվȻ꣬޻꺿
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ԵľأȻ⡮ڡ⣬ڣʳΪֳɹӦأʳʰաȻҹ޸ʲô
ٺ٣⻹⣿밡ֱԼ¼飬ǿ϶ҪɻµġڣɵĻ£Ա¼ˣȻͿˡ
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ΪʲôҪޣȷֵоһ£ΪӦ֣տ룬αթɱ¾ɴ˶´Ӵ̫ƽӣҲðԹҪˡ
Ը֮ǰǸǶĽ͡
̽һ˭ֻСڣҹޣ춯أ⼸ء

ڣҹޣ춯أǲֳɹ֮
˵ֳɹǳش󣬺ܶΪ˼֡
Ȼڡ⣬ҹޡ۷׷ף˼ҲֳɹΪ꣬ҹ޸ʲô
ܶ˶ԼͽͣҲģЩȥִ˲ˡ
˶ΪڣҹޡԼ׫ģʷѧ᯸һ΢ȴ˻Ȼ
顶ӡУһأĿһ³ɣڣҹҲ仰˼⣬˵ĿΪĳһ£ڣҹޡ
֮ǰҶף򡵽һʲôľ춯صĴ£ʹڣҹޡ쿴Сѵġ֡ڽ⿪һֱʷѧɻԭǳɹ֡
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ʷϿȴвˣȻʵʷϣӦòɲһ˴
򡼫пһֵģߺߣŲĹ
ֵԴѾѿ֤Զһ֮աڣˡ֡Ĵ˵Ȼ㹻
λרҵ΢˲ŻȻԭڣҹޡ׫ģʵʷصġ
⣬á֡Ĵ˵øӵʵɿ
ȻʷûУڣҹޡļأҲϤģ֮ĸоƪ֡ʷѾʧˣʵ񻰴˵



һǧһʮ ֮᪻
ɹ֣еĶ߼ѡ
֮һλϹʱڵĴǳǱϹʱҽѧң᪲
׵۳ٲݣҽѧ֮ҽѧ㿪ʼϷչ᪲Ϊҽѧҡ
˵У᪲ҲǻƵ۵ĹԱƵ۾ֲ᪲̽˺˻ʷϣҽѧ֮һġƵھ
Ƶھ춨ԼƵʶڻҽѧӰ켫
Ƶھַ֡ࡷʡ֡
ഫʡɻƵѯʣ᪲ɵġ
ˣĴͳҽѧֳ֮Ϊ᪻ơߡ֮᪻
еĶֲˣƵʱھȻôһλΰҽѧҡ
Ĵͳҽѧ֮Ϊ֪֮᪻ܶġ
Ҳֻ֪֪Թ˵
Ϊʲô֮᪻Ͳö֪ˡ
˵ͨѣоʷоҽѧרҡѧǣҲеԭ
Ϊûصʷϻߴ˵
ҲЩоʷоҽѧרҡѧǣһֱеǳź
֮᪻˵Դû֪
ڣ񻰴˵ķʽ˴Ҵ𰸡
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ΪƵھĴڡڡƵھǲģɻƵۺ᪲˺
ⲢҪֵǲɲһҪǣڡ֮᪻Ĵ˵Ҳ֮ͬĸо
һܹ϶ǻ񻰴˵ʷϣѾʧ˵ģʵڹ񻰴˵
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֪һĴͳҽѧΪα֮Ϊ֮᪻ˡ᪲ԭڻƵʱڣôһλΰҽѧҡ
֮ǰ׵۳ٲݣҽѧлƵ˺ҽѧһ׻ƶۣΪҽѧ˾޴Ĺף˼
ԭ׻ʱڵĻѾ˲öʣ̫лˣǿ֮ǰ˽׻ʱڡ
ȷöʣҪǣƪƷûн϶ڵǣʵ̫˷ܺͼˡ


˷ּ˷ܡȴǡ
Сɣǻһλҽѧרңʮ꣬Ѿӵ˲ٵڹҲһҽѧо
Сɵҽѧʦɽһλҽѧרҡ
ǻĴͳҽѧҽѧСɺͻɽоǿҽѧûֵ֣֮òϵС
ΪĶŮڻĴͳҽѧȻһֲͬҽѧ顣
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Сɵ͵һ󼤵˫۵ɵùԲԽԽǼѾ˫΢΢
Ƶۡ᪲Ƶھ֮᪻
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Сɼ˵ʦһģġȥһµģƪ׻ƴսƷ֪ˡ



һǧһʮ ſơ
ĳҽѧоҡ
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⼸񻰴˵ƷɽȻ֪Ҳȥ
ڻĵ񻰴˵ĻɽҲΪĹע
񻰴˵֮᪻ɽţͨԵ½һ񻰴˵Ʒרҳ棬㿪ƪ׻ƴսƷ
һ·֣ɽҲͬϲĵ񻰴˵ĻȻԻͲá
֮᪻ʱɽԵıüȳСɸӼ
ΪԻĴͳҽѧоԽԽǿ֪ĴͳҽѧΪʲôֱ֮Ϊ֮᪻
ҽѧߣβŬȴʼûҵ𰸡
ĵĴͳҽѧڹҽѧϵĵλܸߣȻҲΪˣҵҽѧרңĵĴͳҽѧΪʲôֱ֮Ϊ֮᪻ʱĵҽѧרȴʱŸеҪ֪֮᪻
ܻشЩҽѧңʵһ˷ǳź顣
ɽͲֹһΣڹԵҽѧϣҵҽѧרǣ⡣
ÿһΣɽֻεȥǶ뽾ĸ˼ԭ
ⲻ⣬ΪûĵҽѧĻ
ֻǿϧû˼ҡ
ǣʱ˿̣ɽ֪˴𰸡
֮ǰɽҵҽѧרĵĴͳҽѧΪʲôᱻ֮Ϊ֮᪻
Ȼڣɽȴǳϣҵҽѧרǣ⡣
ͿЦǺǵĸЩҽѧרǣ5000ǰɣһĵƵۣΰҽѧ᪲ǾһҽһĵҽѧƵھΪ˼Ƶۡ᪲ˣҽѧϵĹף㽫һҽѧ֮Ϊ֮᪻
ɽţЦƵۡ᪲Ƶھ֮᪻

ֻǳСɺͻɽʵϣҽѧ綼ˣڡ֮᪻Ĵ˵ں̵ܶʱ֮ڣ㴫ҽѧ硣
ҽѧ⣬˴𰸣ڶҽѧҵǣȫϲ˷ܡ

ǡ
᯸ӶѾص˾ǣµģ񻰴˵Ʒ׻ƴսҲͬڵһʱ˹ע
֮ǰ˾֡͡Ĵ˵΢Ϸ
ڣ˵ˡ֮᪻
᯸̾ʱЩҽѧĴҵǣӦ÷ǳ˰ɡ
ӵȷˡ֮ǰɽʹңڡ֮᪻ʲôµķ֣ڣҲˡ᪲ᯣʷй᪲ļ𣿡
᯸Ҽǵڡͨ־ϣôһμأϣܹʶҲɽҲ̫֮ʼǨڷᣬ֧᪣ΪϡֹϣΪʦڿϣָӦþ᪲ˡʦָӦþǻƵ֮ʦ
ӵͷȷôһμأôһμأƲˡ֮᪻Ĵ˵Сѣǳˡ
᯸ݣֻʱδ֡ȷǳ˰

ڶרҡѧڸ̾ͨҲϣԼ˷ܡ顣
ƪ׻ƴսƷûн
׵ۡƵۡ򡡢֮᪲һλǳˡ
λǶſſĴ˵ſơ
˵ſҶ֪˭˵ſơһЩƺоһӡ
ǼǵʷϺᵽһ־ƣſơ
ѵ⡰ſơеġſ֣һҲǻƵʱڵƣ
뵽һһ˷
ľĻԴԶҶ֪ںʱ򣬹ǾѾƣҲʼơ
ԴģҲͬԴһ˵硣֤ܿҲͬӦһԶĲ֮ա
ڣھƵԴƺͿҪдˡ
Ȼֻͬһ񻰴˵Ѿ㹻
еĶһ˷ܡִ˵ϣʵ̫ʣ̫ˡ
ǰſǹŴ񻰴˵ʼ棬Ϊ񡱡
ڶſĴ˵ȴж֣Ҫ˵һ˵ſǻƵ۴󳼣ڻƵʱڷơ
˵Ĵٿ㡢ơٿſҲ
˵ſǺˣſഫؿˣơ
ִ˵޶ۣӦҲԶжۡ
᲻жۣʵҪĵ񻰴˵ͷḻȻ񻰴˵ֲ棬ҲǷǳġ
Ҫǣһִ˵Уſ֮Ϊʼ桱͹ˡ
ڡ׻ƴսƪƷ֮УѡõĶſΪƵ۴һ˵
еĶǣȫ˷ܵļ¿ȥ



һǧһʮ ʼϡ
˵Ƶʱڣһλ󳼣ſרŸʳ
Ǹʱ򣬻Ƶзÿһ궼ܹջܶʳ
ȻǸʱûвֿ⣬ǸÿѧıֻܷǰѴʳɽ
ǣɽʪʱһãʳȫˡ
Ƶۼ״öſ취һҪʳá
ſ˷ôʳҲͬ÷ǳϧ¶ģһҪʳá
һ죬ſɢ˼ÿĴֻʣ´ִյɡ
ſһ룬ΪβʳЩ֮УʳͲΪʪˡ
ǣſ˰ʳȫ֮С
һʱ䣬ſ鿴ʳط֣Ŀǰ˵һЩҰɽӣһһ
æ߽ȴֶǲûֻ˯һ
ԭʢѿ˼죬ⲻˮ
ſɴжϣЩӦˣЩˮɵġ
Ȼԭʲôأ
ſչȥһţֻһ˼Ũˮپˬ
ſְЩŨˮȥƷҳ֮˵úȣҺȹ֮󣬻оرãȴǵˮܲܺȣ
ſ飬˺öˮȻоЩͷ裬˯ˡ
ѹ֮󣬲ûиоʲô
֮󣬶ſ㽫˻ƵۡƵҲԳ˳ŨˮоҲöſо۲졣
ſշƣռſҲΪʼ档

ˡſơһαеĶǶԵú˷ܡ
̶̵ʱ֮ڣǽ֪˲֣֪ˡ֪֮᪻ʼǶſʲô˹ģ
ֲʷϣڡſơļءԭſȻʼ档
ô˵һĵľĻҲ׷ݵ5000ǰˣ۹̫ˡ
ٺ٣ãǧҪ̰Ŷ
Բݣ¥Ͽ԰һ

֪˾ƵԴ»ûнڶſ֮һλǳˡ
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棬Ϥʷ֪ǻƵ۵ӣֻ˵Ԫ
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ȥֵֹֹģȻǻƵ۵ӡϣҲһѽ
ϻǿǻƵ۵ӣһˣ
Ҳǣһ˿ɳɲ˻Ƶ۵ӣʼϣãѽ

֪ǻƵ۵ӣڡʼϡĹ£Ҳʮֵڴ
Ƶ۳Ϊ֮󣬱㽫¹ڵ飬Ԫ档
澭츾ŮɽƤ֯ǻԻĸҰ޵Ƥëмӹ
һΣһƬɣŰɫС
ǿʼΪЩɫСʲôʹժ˳ȴûʲôζңôҧҲҧá
ժһЩɫСûȥ濴
ϸ۲ˣǴİɫСã˼֮࣬˵Ķ˵ⲻǹӣܳԣȴдôһ˴󹦡
淢˰ɫСôȻЩɫСôأ
ǣ﷢ֵİɫС֮ɽɣ۲˼졣
ŪְɫСһֳӿϸ˿֯ɵġ
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Ӵˣĳ£ǿʼɣϵʷ
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⣬׳ޣĸ£񣬺׻ƶһ𿪱ٺãģҲһĵʼ档

ˡʼϡĹ£еĶ޲̾ԭҲΰ
Ȼ淢ϣͬӵʮҪ壬ԳƵǻݼȫ򡣡
ԳƵϣһΰĸף׻ƶһ˾
л֪Ĺ£֪׻ʱڣһĻôһλΰȲ
һĵ񻰴˵ĻȻûԻͣ쿴ʵ̫ˡ
ǣĹ»ûнʵ̫ˬˡ


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᯸ӶҲǳ˷ܡ
᯸˷˵ʼϡĹ£˵ʵ̫Ҫˣ֮ǰܶ಻ĵطɾ˵ͨˡ
Ҳһȥʥ壬ȥˡȻ֪Сʲôʱ򣬲ŻЩƷƳء
᯸Цȥʱ򡣡



һǧһʮ 
ڡʼϡ֮еĶ޲̾Ƶ򡡢᪲ſ棬һǸµΰ
⻹ûнЩ֮׵ǳ
ͬΪƵ۵ʷ٣ഫʼ̺
֮󣬱Ƿ
ഫΪƵ۳ӣͼʼ󷨣ָϳ
ָϳ֮ƵȵĴսУ˷ǳá
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ഫȡ֮ܣʮɣڽա
ͣǳеĶֻоۻңмѣǴûƵ߾Ȼô
ƵԼҲͬһλΰķң̳кͷչˣ׵ۿũҵʵĶơ
ԲĶԷˣȫ»֣ɡ֣мһΪĶСܰ˿Ϊ˽ɰ˼Һ֣ջ
⣬Ƶۻ侮ˮũʵиƣʱְٹȣƾʡ۳ݡĵȵȡ
Ϊԭ򣬻Ƶ۵Ĳ䲻Ϸչ׳׵۵Ĳһ𣬳Ϊ󳬼䡣
Ȼ׵ۺͻƵ۵Ĳ䣬ǿĲ䣬ڶһǿĲ䣬ͳľϲ䡣
ȣϲ죬ഫţף˫ᣬǷ
սǱķߣʼ档
ͬΪķչΰĹף˽ұͽ죬֮Ϊʼ档
ұҵĳ֣л塣־࿪ʼˣʹýߵʱҲ־ԭʼһµķԾ
⣬Ȼǽ桢ʵзƵģ紴ߺʩߡ
ȽıƵĽʵʩټȲ㣬λڻƺκͳһʹȲǵʱΪǿĲ䡣
ж߾һݣ׻ƶۣǶȼû˽⡣
ȻҲʹʷϣȵļأҪԶ׻ƶйء
ȥˣԭôǿһҲôΰĹס
֮ǰӦ˵ʱ˵ӦնɱȣһΪȲôءԭҲһλΰ氡
ϧʷϹȵļ̫ˡţӦǾ󲿷ֶʧˡʵ̫ϧˡҿ֪ˣҲһλΰ档˵˵ġ
ԭȵĲôǿô׻ƶ۵Ĳ䣬ȵĲҪԿ
֮ǰ϶ҪġȻҲӦնɱһ˵ˡȻӦնɱȣӦǻƵ۵˵ջǻƵʤˡ
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ЩҲãҲãųͻĲս϶ⲻ˵ˡ
ȵȣƪƷ׻ƴսǣҿڵľƣôоӦ׵ۡƵۡĴսأ
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᯸ͷսȷǲпģ׵ۡƵۡսӻķչϿŷǳҪ壬ǻĴںϡ
ӵȷǿƲӦǻƵһȡյʤ
᯸յʤߣȷӦǻƵۡӴ֮󣬻ͳһˡ



һǧһʮ ¹֮ս
׵ۡƵۡ䶦һսƺʱҪеĶǣƺܵһֽŵա
Ҳȷһ
ԽԽǿԽչԽ죬ŵغ͸صԽԽ
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ʵҲȷʵˣ׵۲Ȳ֮䣬ȱս
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¹֮ս󣬺ܶСĲ䣬׷Ͷ׻ƶ䣬ñ
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ʵ˭˭󲢲ҪҪǣս֮󣬻Ƶʵ˶ԻͳһڻķչЩǳҪ塣



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֪һսҲһ֮ǰ¹֮սһ춯ء
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УƵ۸Էֱԡܡǡ،ֶΪͼڵĲһս
ս󣬡ܡǡ،䣬ԼĳΪ־Ĵ죬ƵΪͳ˧Ҳһơ֮죬пơ
׵һȴȷˣԻΧսյԯ⣬ʹԯ⾭Ũ̹ա
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ӦûἯɣ棬ĻӦҲġ


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Ҳȷˡ
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ңԵ¥еƣڸмѣҲˡ
ˣҲǾƲˣ
֣ࡢ峤̶ӸǫˣҲſƷ˵Ц
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һ˵жʱȫͣǶڷ˵Ĺ£ҲͬǳȤ
Ƿ׷˵ҲȿһټҲܿ졣
˷׷óֻֻͨ½רҳ棬㿪Ʒ
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Ҳǳɣһ𿴣˵
ǫ˵˵ĹҲ֪ϵܣҲ
һʱ䣬ȫϵֻֻʹ峤ûп΢һЩ졣
Цҡҡͷʹ峤Цǿǳǵġ
ЦӰдЩȻȴ֪ӰԽԽˡ
ˣϲͺá

ԡƷ֮󣬿Ǳ½ˡ
Ǵʱĸ֮ǰȫһ롶ԡ޹أΪ룬ԡƪƷߣͬϯԾơ
һ˵û˻ţΪڴţơ
ƫƫʵ뵽ֳĿ޲üѡ
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⻰һȻԤеһûš
ۣ¥ڶĪҪңںһ𣿺ðɣţš
٣ϲˣڵȷͺһһϯԾء
ۣ˵ĸһУ㣬ıݡ
Ҿ֪ǲšɣϲһ飬ʥ½ʮСԺϢȻټ˵
òˣܶ˶֪ʥţǷǳġô
֪ͺãأǡþʮСԺ⻧֮һ죬ûǽ죬ʥ峤Щ⻧μӳСԺʽʽ֮ȻǾϯˡٺ٣ҲμӾϯˡ
Ҳģʥ峤ȥμʽˣģôҵ˵ġΪоϯĻȷǳпܻμӡ
˵ģҲ⻧֮һڶֳҲڡ
ȥ˵ĺġʥ峤СԺ⻧ǣμʽһ£ȻûϹϵȷ˵ʥʲôϯǽȥʥο˵ġ
ţҲ˵ʥоϯ˵ĵȷˡ



һǧһʮ ƪƷ
ʥ塣
½СԺľϯֳװƵĿǣǻǵĻֵĵ˷ܣһԽ֮Ȼ
æ˵ô˰ɡһκѾԻ⻹еš
⻰ʱĶĽʺޣδؿϰٷ֮ٵţѾʮ֮˾š
ͬϯԾƣܹѾԻ˷ǳĽ
ѾԻ仰û˻ɡ
ΪִȻǺ顣
ĶĽʺޣ֮ȴ۾һһĺʱ
Щҫһ𣬲Ϊװ
Ȼһװõȷǳɹ
ȻˣǺβһ£֮ڣ⣬ܵõĻشء
ո˭㲻˵ʲôҪתУھһԺ󻹻᲻ᣬƳ񻰴˵Ʒ
ԶԶԣҲͬʣ⡣
ǣھͰǰ⣬תɣ
ٺ٣ɲҪԼŵĻشŶȻ㲻ᡣ

һڶĶǷ׷Ӧȷһõ𰸵Ļᡣ
ʥľϯֳһһʵʮӣʱЩۡ
װһƶѣҲװɹˣȴ˭֪ˡ
ȻҲ֪𰸣ȴЩΪˣֱ֪ȥ᲻Եͻ
˵ǳͣҲܹſˣһشأ
ԥ֮˵ׯиڣ񻰴˵Ʒ⣬Ҫ㣬㿴⡭
ͷԣʲô⣿
һʵһϲ˵Ժ㻹ᣬƳ񻰴˵Ʒ𣿡
⻰һʣֳĿǣҲһȫ
ЦЦ˵һҪ񻰴˵ѾƳˣԣӦǲᣬټƳ񻰴˵Ʒˡ
ĻشһʵֳĿǣжһʧȻټƳ񻰴˵Ʒˡ
ѴҵɫУһЦּ˵һƳƪƷ
ƪƷ۾ȻһһʵæʵׯʲôĳƪƷ׼ʲôʱƳ
Ҳȫϣ
ɣӦò̫ˣʱҲ֪һкüأӦûϲġ
ü̫ãĻش𣬿оһϲƷǾֵڴ
һʵи˷ܣ𰸣Ϻݺݵװһˡ
漴͵˵ոյ⣬ˡǳź˵Ժ󲻻ټƳ񻰴˵ƷˡأԺڴˡ
ģô˵ģʵѾµˡ
֮ǰ˲²ĲûдȻټƳ񻰴˵Ʒˡ
̫źˣȫûп

һʵһĴ֮޲Ȼǳľɥ
ȻѾ룬ȷеĴ𰸣Ȼеǳʧ
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⻰һ˵ϵն䣬ղŻǳɥĶȫһ㶣ȻƲס˷ܡ
ҪƳƪƷһǺü
Ǳ˵ҪƳƷҹƲ̫ķӦһôྭ񻰴˵ƷĵߣƳƷ򵥣
۹׿˵𣿡
˭Ϣɲ˵ĻƳƪƷ𣿡
û˵ʲôʱƳ̹šŮ洡ˡ׻ƶ۵ȵȴг𣿡
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˷Ķǣʳһ⣬þϯֳһʵЩۣҲ̫˰ɡ
һ˷ܺ㣬ô⣬شоֻһ֣Ǳǡˬ
ˬһ֮һʵ˵϶׿˵ˣϢҿɲҴھʲôʱƳҲȷ̫ˣҾڴɡ
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۹̫ˣڴƷ
һ˷ܵϢƷֵڴ
ƷǳƪʲôӵģѽھȲҪ˰
Ҳ뿴ֻǲܵġ
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ûûˣ׵ûˣڵֱ˷ڴˡ

Ϊ񻰡һƪ񻰴˵Ʒҵʧ飬ڵ֪ƳƪƷ֮ʧøɸɾ
жǵһα˷ڴ



һǧһʮ Ӣ۴ڽ
ǡ
᯸Ӷˣˡԡ֮ҲЩ֮⡣
ͨ˶ǲϣʹ˽ʵҲϣܹƳ񻰴˵Ʒ
Ҳ˵Ҫ񻰴˵ѾƳˣûбҪټȥˡ
᯸ӶȻźҲͬ˵
ңЩҪ񻰴˵оĵ񻰴˵ĻŷǳİʣµһЩʧ񻰴˵ӦܹƲˡ
ûƲô׼ȷҲӦð˾ŲʮȫܹܵķΧ֮ڡ
᯸ǺЦ򰡣һʱ䣬ֵˡ˷ܺڴࡣ
ӵͷȷˡ֮ǰǼƻе񻰴˵ϵд飬ҲҪȡͶǼ档СһεЩƷϵд齫Զ֮ǰԤƵĸáСһΣ̫ľϲˡ
᯸ȷˡУһϢ˵С׼ڽڣƳƪƷӦС׿˵ģϢм١Դˣô
ӵҲע⵽Ϣˣĺܿ죬ܶĶǶֵ÷ǳ˷ءСѽҪƳ񻰳ƪƷȿԿ϶ǣ֮ǰ񻰴˵Ʒȫһġ
񻰴˵ƷǻԭһѾʧ˵ģȷʵʵڵƷƪƷӦñСȫԼƷˡ񻰴˵еȴȫµģȫ´Ĺ¡֮ǰ񻰴˵Ʒűʵ𡣡
᯸ͷȷˣ׼ƳƷӦȫԴˣ͵Ʒһо񻰴˵ĻʲôҶƷȴǷǳڴ
ЦҲǳڴҵҪƷʲôӵƷ

ʥ壬ϯֳ
һʵһװһƣǷǳ˷ܺ㣬Ŀ˵ڶĶǣĴ֮ε˷ܣ
ҲſһϵҶҪƳƷֵ˷ܺڴҲǳĸˡ
ҵʱһپϯڳˣɢĴ˵Ц
֣ࡢˣֱλͺǲĿˣڿ֣Ա߻Χ˲ˣ尮ߡ
һĿ˵УкЩ60ҵˣǵŮСԺﳤססʱӦọ̀Ҽ尮ߡ
Ժ֣ࡢ˵ǣȻˡ
Ƕû뿪׼ڴסһҹ
ھϯֳһ֮󣬿˵Ц׼һȥһӡ
ûкͿһ𣬶ǵڴй䡣

ʱСԺǰϯʼ
ĿǼϯԾƣｻ
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ʱ䣬СӢ۴񻰴˵Ʒ˵ʵһǳҸ顣
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ⶼһˣҲ֪ɺϣ⣿
峿ɫá
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ǵĿĶһһڵġЦ
һߵȴһ졣
Ҷú簡ΪӢ۴ᣬﶼ᲻𣿡
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ʵɣӢ۴ѾܳˣѾǹֵĳƪˡֻǣȻû
վҪģء߹֡ȫӡܲͨȵ˵Ĺ£վҪȻҲ˵ǵĹԶΪӴ֮ǵֺӰؽԶС˵֮С
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һǧһʮ پ
ӹһʲôĴ֣
ǼйעӢ۴ˣǳע⡣
˵ڡӢ۴Ľ֣Ƿǳ⡣
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ȵ˵ȷ꣬վֻһˡڣľѾͳһɹŸ䣬ɹŵ۹˴󺹣Ϊɼ˼˥Ѿ޷ֵɹŴɹ¹εĴ㡣нɹţҴΰʲôʱ򣬲ȥս֮ࣿ
ɹŹΣʷĳ֣ûа취ӹҲɹֹͣΡ
ڶλɽ۽֮ڽȻšô߹ҩʦһƴʦŷ桢ܲͨǧɽۣ֮˭书ߣ̫ڴˡ
Һ֪书ʲô̶ȣֵĲ࣬Ȼ̫󡣡
ȷȻµһѧ澭ټϽʮơһȣ书Ȼں߹ҩʦ˶١ңڻǳᣬԺʤҲδ֪ǲֵ֪ʱ򣬹书ûʤ߹ҩʦˣ
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Ӧû⣬ϾڵĹӹѾ֮ǰġŰħ

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ȴ֪ƼΪ˲ùΪѣҲԸΪĸȻֱӻӵض
֮Ĺĸףʦܱ׵İ£ɹţϹ顣
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ʲôеã֪ԼȥԼѧһ书ʲôãΪʲôôս
ҪԼѧ书ʲôеã
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ԣŷһʦҲûпϰġ澭ȻǼٵġ
ŷ治һѧʦϰǡپǿתҲͬɣһΪ书
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ת֮䣬ܲͨһƴʦǧ֣ɽȥ



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ܲͨһƴʦǧɽɽϱֻʣˣ߹ŷ桢ҩʦ֡
һ֮󣬺߹ŷȶ
ؤѾǶʮ϶ˣ˫书ڲ֮䣬˭Ҳκβ˭
ڻɽٶಫ˫ȫԸȴѷʤ
һԿˣûŷ棬ŷһ˿Ҳú߹ռϷ硣
ʼ˵˺ܶûʲôã˼澭ϵľģŷ˼ĵطʹŷ˺߹һжߡ
ŷȻжߣڻصĸ֮£ú߹̾ʤ֮䡣
ŷ֮󣬻ҩʦ߹ҩʦ֮䣬Ҳһԡ
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ؿԼĸ׺ʦˣͻȻһƣú߹ҩʦˣñȶҲֳܷʤ
ǱǺ߹ҩʦˣֱУ˭ڸ̵ʱڴܹǱ˭ʤˣ
֮ڣȻ޷ܹǱǹʤˡ
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˾ͬ˻صİ취ǻҩʦС
ҩʦʵʱֻʹ߳Ȼѹ·硣
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ңȫ·ãѪ۰߰ߣУҡ澭ϵȻɣҵ书µһ
Ȼ󣬻ֱӹ߹ҩʦˡ
һ˾ǺȻŷ书Ϊ죬ȴǹף־ƺѾЩҡ
ԭŷĬдļپѸͷǣظ·äϹʲͷ߹һӺͿʹ־ҡ
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ֵӢ۶Ϊ׷ĽΪ츣֮ˡ֮ɱ˶ȴδӢۡ
ɼ˼ѵһûʲô£
˵ȻУһܴܶ࣬󡣵ǳɼ˼ʬɽǷǣɾ˵úˡ
ɼ˼һԸ˼ʸôһ˵Ա粵ǰعˣãȻʧ
һ֮ȴüëһְɫһݺ£˵㲻Ӣۣ٣Ǻӻ
ɼ˼ڽ֮У֮ʣţӢۣӢۡ
գضˣɼ˼й󣬴ǱףϹ顣
һ·ϵð׹ɢ֮䣬пѣԧгɳ޺˿ѷ֪շ̫ƽ
ǣƶҡ
ɣºɳ

ˣȫꡣ

šȫꡱ֣еĶǣͻȻһĪĸˡ
ϲŵġӢ۴ڻˣĴ֣ȴ޾˼Լĸˡ
ԣߣֻЩѾֿˣʱﶼǳĸпΪµֶп
ǧȻ򣬸һƴʦȥһƶʮԩڻ⡣
һѧʦŷΪ澭Ȼ־ҵ³
Ȼ书Ӯ˺߹ҩʦǶ书µһͷ
Ȼôأ־ҵŷ棬֮ǰŷ
ڶλɽ۽书µһͷ־ҵŷãҲ˶û뵽ġ
⣬书Ȼǿֱܹ߹ҩʦˣս300жܣ⵹ˣеǳľϲο
Ǹ޶۵С书ɣĸ׹Х죬ĸƼѾȥĽǣ֮Ҳǳĸ˺οɡ
Ȼȣж߶û뵽ǣȾȻΪһӡ
ҶĸΪӣڽպҵﳤ
֪ԼһֱΪԼǽСү֪Լ֮ǰΪʵûʲôָġ
֪Լ֮ҲԼҲɱպңΪԼױ
գǷŲٻ󣬷Ų½СүݣɱպңڰպҴӹߡ
ԴˣҲֻипǲûжԹ
ԺյĽСүͨũӵܣݵĲʵ̫Ų£ʵ⡣
ټպҶĸװϧǼãֱһ
պҶ֮ɷϡ
Ķպ֣Ҳܹ⡣
ȻһЩΪЩ޷ԭˡ
ƺ˽֣Ȼ޻ҩʦֶݺض˵ȵȡ
գҲΪҪɱڣŷ޵߶
ҲǵõӦеıӦ
ݹһҲһһעУ֯ʹࡢã
ֻǱõĹޡ
ڣΪһӣֶݵһҲ
ǶԴ˷ǳĸпкôҲкһ뵽к󣬶ǵֲһ˿ο
ֻ֮Уĺӣܹ֮ȡһйܸ֮
ĪҪϵһһ֮·
Ȼǹ޷˵ηسǣ΢ȴҲҪĽΪꡣȻɳҲ˸ĸʦһ
ʻ޶ۣ֮ȴȫ֮֮߹й֮޲
Ȼйͳɼ˼֮һԻ
ɼ˼ΪԼǹĵһӢۣȻȴ˵ĹǷǣ˵úܣδؾӢۡ
ɼ˼ȻȻĸߣһݺ£˵㲻Ӣۣ٣Ǻӻ
Ȼ֮ʣȴţӢۣӢۡ
أǷͻӢһֱ⡣
һ콾ĳɼ˼ҲгĺʱӢ
еĶǣҲ⡣



һǧһʮ ;
ɼ˼ǲӢۣ
Ķ⣬Ȼȴƺѿ϶Ļشǡߡǡ
ÿ˵Ĵ𰸺ͿȻҲһ
ٷĽƽ̨ϣҲвٵĶ⡣
ȫ󣬹ضˣ뿪ɼ˼ĽϹ顣
·ϣð׹ɢڲݴ֮䣬Ǳս֪֮࣬շ̫ƽ
ԡƶҡɣºɳһʫβƽ˼֮⡣
ˣˣӦԲĽ֡
书ȻɣʱճԽ߹ҩʦˣҲûпܡ
شӴ֮󣬶Ҳһɾ£ǳҸ
ֻǣǵȴһЩˣһЩȻʧ
һ᲻ⲿƷ᲻ùصĹ¾ܲͨ˵Ĺ¾
ˣǸоͻȻЩģͺͻȻ֮䣬ʧȥʲôİĶһ
򣬱βʹм˸֮⡣
ضϹ黹;УȻֹ
Ǳս֮࣬շ̫ƽ
ض˲֪𰸣ӹ֪𰸣еĶҲ֪𰸡

ٷƽ̨ϣʱǵۣǷǳļҡ
ܶΪȻʧûж۵¡
ֱþ֮󣬹ٷƽ̨ϵգ
ˣ᲻ðӹ֣Ȼϲȴͽ˸С
ܸоĺͻȻȻΪ̫ϲⲿƷˡԣǶеͻȻɡ
սܿԶգϣԶûս
һ콾ɼ˼֮ʱԼǲӢۣҲ겻ѡ
ŷȻˣӼǶµһôأ
֮Ը֮󣬲Ҫϵһͽ顣
ˣء߹ֵȵ˵Ĺ¶ˡǵֶԶԾڣС˵֮С


ʱѧί칫ҡ
ȻС˵ãʱѧѡʸһ£Ѿ䶨ʱѧίᣬڡӢ۴Ĺעȴûн
ȻӢ۴֣Ѿ֣10֡ÿһڣٷҲͬרƳ۵¡
貨ˣҲһֱڹעšӢ۴ǽ쿴֣ҲͬЩˡ
̾һ˵ڻǽˣǰҿһ֮ʱҾ֪ⲿƷ᲻صļַⲿƷ֮ǰΪĸãһҪõöࡣڣˣٻͷͨһһΡһܹƷ
貨Ҳͬп˵һȲⲿƷΪùãֿ̫սΪ޷Ԧȴ־ķ֣ƷĸԽԽȻ߼Ԧȴʼ࣬ûһļһ׳Ľ磬ߵıչ˶֮㲻;ٿС˵ˣѵ۷ˡ
ֵӢۣӢۣʲôӢۣӢ۶Ϊ׷ĽΪ츣֮ˡ֮ɱ˶ȴδӢۡλ˵úðΪΪ׷ĽΪ츣գӢۡ
ⶨȻҲǹΪ׼ԺĹܳΪӢֻۡǿϧƷʱ򣬹̫ᣬûгΪ˾ĴӢۡȻҲûʲôΪѾ֪ˣػΪӢۡ
貨ضϹ;УƷȻֹܸоǳδȻ߹ӹҪȻЧңȷǳĳɹ˼ǿ˴֣ˡȫꡯ֣ҲȻǲ;ܸо滹кܶܶĹ£ǼĽβַ
ͷȷˣңһ䡮˿ѷ֪շ̫ƽԼһʫƽ֮⡣ҲȾһ֣»ԶԶûнķΧ˼֪Ѿ֣ȴͻ
貨̾һ̾ΪֹƷֵһΣֵϸϸƷζ
վǴˡҲһΣΪдˣǾдһΰɡ
貨ǰһˣǾͺúдɡ

ʱѧٷվרҳ棬Լٷƽ̨һֱûйرա
ȻڣšӢ۴ᣬרҳ͹ٷƽ̨Ҫرˡ
ڹر֮ǰרﻹйٷڡӢ۴һ
еǶ֪һ㣬ҲȫڵŹٷһ
ǲûеȴ̫ãʱ֣ٷһѾ¡



һǧһʮ ڽֵĲ²
ٷһˣипҲһΣר￴ˡ
ΪӢ۴ѾᣬԹٷһε΢һЩͬ
˶µ֮⣬Ʒüƪ¡
ϲǷǳϲٷ£һ֣ϲƷٷȨ֤ĸо
һεôܹ࣬ˡ
Уһƪڽֵ£еǸ⡣
´˵С˵ڹضϹ;Ȼֹ˸оǳδƺĹ£û˵
˿˽֣ȴγһ֣»ûнļַΪ
ء߹ҩʦһƴʦܲͨŷ棬֮ойҪ˵
ߡƶҡɣºɳĸпԼշ̫ƽʣҲͬȾŲ̽ķΧ
ΪҶҪûսûпѵһ졣
ƷѾᣬȴָһֲĸоҶȻⲿƷˡ
ƪд˺ܳڿ֮һֻȻĸо
ֲǶԴ᲻þԭôһԭ

ʥ塣
ԾƵĿǣ½ڽ뿪˴ӣСԺҪһʱס
֣ࡢˣͬšӢ۴Ĵ֡
֣˵Сϴ˵˵Ӣ۴Ľ֣ǽֲ֣ǽ֡ڣӢ۴Ѿˡ˵СǻǸʲô˼
֮ǰףڽϴƺ⡣һʱѧٷһƪ˵ѾˣȴָһֻûдֵĴһ⣬ǡӢ۴Ļûᡣ˵Ӣ۴ⲿƷѾᣬӢ۴Ĺ»ûн滹
֣ͷҲΪ⣬ôһֵĿԸ󣿡
Ͳ˵ˡȣһΪӦǵһ⡣ⲿƷѾȫûбҪŪʲôҪ֪ûŪãпӰ쵽Ӣ۴ʵ̫ȫûбҪðաǸСӣͶһЩȷˡҲǿðգȴǶڡӢ۴Ľһ
֣ȷˣóȥСӡң䱾ȷдĿܡȣڹ죬ǳȡĴȥġڡӢ۴ʱ̫ᣬ˵컹ûȫ͡
α֮ˡܾӦй¡СдˣΪȡϸڹ̣˵ϣܹд֮ƺָĻѵǹĺӵĹ£
˵˵СӾϲصģ˵Ҳ˵ǵġ
֣ЦҲ˼ʲô֪ˣʧȥһΡ
ͷ⵹ҲǣǶԴ˱ڴͺˡ
֣ࡢˣܹ֮²⡶Ӣ۴û⣿
ҪΪ˵һ仰Ӣ۴Ľ֣ǽֲ֣ǽ֡
ûһ仰ǶҲ²⣬Ӣ۴û⡣
û˲²⡶Ӣ۴һʱѧٷҲûв²⡣
Ҳû⣬ǶڡӢ۴̫Ĳᡣ

ӹƷӢ۴ڽᣬĶǶʮֵĲᡣ
Ӣ۴ⲿʷƷڽᡣ
ʱѧٷۣӢ۴ᣬС˵һ¡ΪС˵ˣѵ۷塣
Ӣ۴ᣬ˹ע

Ӣ۴ȵ¼ýȻҲָıֽ塣
йעӢ۴˵Ӣ۴ᣬһ¡
һ˵ǴеĴ¡
˵ⲿƷֵϸоĵطʵ̫ˡ
ǰӢ۴أǸǰԼһߣĶĹ̡
ڣˣڿԷ¶ǵݣȫȫͶ뵽Ʒоȥˡ
ȻǱҲҪȵ֮ϸо
ΪǼԴϺоҲĳһϸϸоܹǸõȥоⲿƷ
Ҷһʡ¡ԼԶ㽭˾ơ߸ǣҲͬ׼ʼϸоӢ۴
ǽһһԥ˼ǿҵĶ֮Ҳ׼ʼо
еǶţֻҪϸоӢ۴һвСջ
дӢ۴һƷҲԼдˮƽһµ̨ףдԼ۷Ʒ
⵱Ȼû⣬ֻҪԲ̫Ŷջ
ջǴС߱ԵĸߵͣԼĳ̶ϢϢˡ



һǧһʮһ һ
ʥ塣
ͻѧУڻشӵ;Уӵ˺ɴĵ绰
ϵܣϲ㰡Ӣ۴˳ˡⲿƷӰʵ̫ˡ㲻֪ںܶӰӹ˾ݡԱǣȫġӢ۴ء
ϸˣ˰˵ôš
٣ϵܣһ㶼šЦҵſʱ䲻֪Ȼٻ˰ɡϵܰǿ˵˰⡶Ӣ۴ĵӾ磬㣬ǧܷڵİ
ϸˣе絼εľ㣬Ȼ㡣Ӣ۴ӾǱĺá
ȻҪĺãⲿƷǴʷ˵̫ƽˡʵ˵ѹе󣬱֮㡶ԽŮʱѹ󡣡
ѹǺ££

Ҷϵ绰ЩЦɵ㡶Ӣ۴Ļᣬߣ⵹Ƕˡ
Ҳ˵ĹϵӵˮƽϽھ絼ݵһˣҲֻ㣬Żġ
ڡӢ۴Ӿӳ̶ȣ֮ĵһ硶ԽŮй֮޲
ΪӢ۴Ӿ磬ƹĻ;֮һ
ڡӢ۴С˵һͿС˵ռȫ˿ıȴǷǳС
ܶ˻˵ˣһС˵ȴȥкܶû˵
ʱ򣬾ҪӢ۴ĵӾˣӾӰ죬ԭС˵öࡣ
ǰҲһӢ۴˶֪ԭС˵ˣȴࡣ
˶ͨӢ۴Ӿ磬֪ôһƷġ
˵ԭС˵ȻĻҪĺĺʯӾ磬ȴҪƹֶΡ
ȻҪһӾ磬Ļƹ㣬ŷǳҪá
ǰԭС˵Ҫ㹻ľӰ
Ӣ۴ȻƷ֮һ
ԣ˵㡶Ӣ۴á
ˣӢ۴ĵӾȨԼͶʣЦҵƷ㡣
Ǯôԡ
˵Ǯڶ̫ԼжǮûм
Դʵ̫ˣĲ˵ֻǹϵƷ۷ֳɣѾһˡ
ţصĲҲȫͬˡ
⣬С¶֮еԼõȵСѾͷź٣ǻһʱ䡣
һ飬һƵߡ

ϣȻǹӢ۴һڴС˵ǣҲͬڹע
ӹС˵һˣӹƷȴֻƷ
롶ǡѾһʱˡ
֮ǰǡʱһڴС˵Ǿ˵ҪȵӹһƷӦҪȵӢ۴֮ȥˡ
ڣӢ۴Ѿᣬ֪ӹһƷ᲻صС˵أ
һڴС˵ǣЩ
Ӣ۴ˣ֪ӹһƷ᲻Ǵģ
þöû΢ϿС˵ˣǷǳָоϣӹһƷָܹ΢Ͻء
ҲϣӹһƷܹصƷࡣʵ˵ԹƲΪӢ۴Ӱ̫󣬹ӹС˵ĵλҲʱ򣬺пܳȴټƳµƷ
ҲֿԺܴ󡣲ӹɲһߣȫܹ˫֮ǰġӢ۴͡ǡ˫𣿡
˫ôףӹҲһֱ˫ǡһӹĻרþͺˣһʹӹҲڴϹ²⡣
רãӹغ͵͵ˣûʲôϣġ
Ϊûʲôϣϣ


һڴС˵ǣϣһӹĻרá
ʵϣϣһӹרõˣԶԶֹС˵ǡ
ԣߣӰӹ˾ڶԱȵȣϣܹһӹĻרá
̫̫⣬Ҫӹ׿ڻش
ֻǣӹ̫غ͵͵ҹȻȴұϣ

ʥ塣
ջصӣֽӵܷܷĵ绰
ڼȻûȥЦңܹõܷܷÿ춼ᱻڶýɧţǷǳࡣ
΢΢һЦͨ˵绰ܷܷɶ¶
ϰ壬Ҫɷùӹýʵ̫ˣҵſ챻Ȼˡ㿴ҪͽһýĲɷã
һûоܾʵϣʹһβɷˡ
֪šӢ۴ᣬҪɷԼý壬һǳࡣ
ÿ춼ȥЦһƣҲǸ£ңܲɷֲǻ¡
ȻȻֲɷá
ܷܷѡһý壬ʱͶʮ㡣

Цҡ
Ҷϵ绰ܷܷһǸ׵ϰ壬ǴӦܲɷˡ
ÿǰɧýǣܹٵöˡ



һǧһʮ ҵ۷ںܳ
ܷܷڶý֮Уѡһҽ֡ıý塣
Ǳأʵýˡ
κֵһּߣ⼸ÿ춼ҪЦſڣϺóһʱ䡣
ָܲɷõӹҪĿģҪڹӹܷܷһ졣
һӹԸܲɷãܷܷѡýʱѡϵļʾ͸ǡ
ʵϣڡӢ۴Ľ죬ӹԸýĲɷˡ
ңҲȷʵܷܷѡý塣ֻߵȷΪܷܷ˸죬ܷܷѡ֡
һ仰ô˵ģܻлرκ˷ּ
ڱýҲͬˣΪûлر͹ܲˡ
ֻ֪ڸˣһӹרãļýܹɹȡӹרãǽǾԵĿ
ΪרüߣȻҲͬĿˡ
ȻҪǣһרˣ˵ְнǾԲٵġ
⣬κ֪ʿϣǻרá
νרãǲɷõḶֱֳ́ͨһм˶ܲɷ֮ʡ
ԣڱܷܷѡ֮κܷܷˣϣǻרõԸ
ܷܷٴӹϵ֮󣬹ӹͬ˻רãκ˷ܺͼ
Ϣ֣ҲԵú˷ܡ
൱رú׼ذרá
ͬʱҲڵһʱ䣬繫ˣʮ㣬ԹӹлרõϢ
ϢһԼٶϴ
ڵ֪Ϣ󣬶Ե˷ܲѣܿ顣
ۣǰɣӹȻרãһǻרá
¥ϲôŰɣֲǹӹһνרáȻӹѽרãżһε
Ҫɷùӹýʵ̫ˣ˵ЦҵſڶˡһȴֳΪ˵ý塣
֮ǰ˵һӹרþͺˣû뵽ˡʮ㣬׼ʱԼ
רҮϣܹΪ˶ʹӹһ⡣
ٺ٣ܻ˳Ϊ˶ģϣʵ⣬Ǵ֪⣬ɱװ˷ѻˡ
ʮ㣿úãһθɵƯ


1124ţӢ۴ڶ졣
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ܶ˶ۣ˭Ϊˣӹһ˶Ӧʲôã
ִ˲ˣǲæΪ˶һᵮġ
˷ܵӦʲô⣿κȴԽԽˡ
ΪҪɷõǹӹΪһεĲɷĿˣͬеļǣ˾쵼ͬǣȫء
ɷúˣһٹ£ˣǾͲֻǶˡ
쵽ڣһֱ׼
ʱӦӹùϵӦЩʲô⣬ǴģҪ֪𰸵⣿
ʱӦЩʲôɣȵȣҪúõ׼

κνţʱ仹ʮ
һ󼤶ڴ
κ͵һͻд˷ܣ˺üΣԼ״̬
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κˣյר룬Ҳҡ
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õģϵǣǺãǹӹǳлͻӭǹעҵרá
֮˷ܲѣǵһθоӹľ֮
ӹʦġӢ۴ۼߣԼⲿƷģ
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ӹʦ˼˵ƳƷĻҲ޷ԽӢ۴ˣ𣿡
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ԭˣҾŹӹʦ룬ǣǣӹʦһһǳ˷ܵġ
ΪС˵ߣĿľҪңľʵС˵Ʒǡ
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ȣƷ϶ƳϲǿԷġ⣬ᣬϲƷ˵һ£ڴƷԺӦòټƳˣ˵Ǹôʧˡ
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רûڼ
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ҲԸ͸¶һ򼸾仰˵ҵĹ˼ҲûȫɡڴˣȵƳʱ򣬴Ȼˡ
ţȷˣǾڴͺˣӹʦƷֵڴӹʦ͸¶һ£ƳĴʱ𣿡
ֻ˵Ӧòȵ̫á
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Ȼԣ¸ѮƳ
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ʱ򣬱㵽˶ʱ̡
ӹʦҪӴʱڹע˴רõУȡλѣȻһ⡣𣿡
õģû⡣
õģллӹʦǿһλ˶˭λлѣţλѺһλԣϲ㣬ڿӹʦһˡ
۹̫ˣӹʦãһ¹ӹʦһֱС˵дȥ𣿡
С˵һдܶಿһֱдȥҾûҪдʱ򣬻ҾͲдˡȻһƷ֮ǰ˵ģȫ͵Ʒ
õģллӹʦĻشҲллոλѵʡڼڶλѣָᡯϲ㡣
ӹʦãе㼤һ¹ӹʦӹǱǱʲô
ֻܹ㣬ӹҵı
ӹʦ͵أ֪ӹʦȻǳźعӹʦľڻӭλѡ

һλѣӹʵĻᡣ
λ֮һεĻרҲͽˡ
רȻˣһרõݣȴ顣
һڴС˵ӹ˵ټƳС˵ˣ޲еǳźѹ
ǱΪӢ۴֮󣬹ӹƳµĴƷȴ˭֪ӹƳƷˡ
û뵽ӹȻƳС˵ˣʵ̫źˡ
һεܽӴͿսͬӵӡЩ꣬һ׷Ůһŵ䴿С˵ǡЩΪ䡣
ӹ˵ˣС˵ķʽᱣңһȫ͵Ʒ洿С˵֪ʲô͵Ʒ
ʲô͵ƷҲ֪ע⵽˹ӹ˵ǣС˵ķʽǡ΢ءߺԵ𣬹ӹʲô˼
Ӧûʲô˼ɣ΢أ൱ذӹ˵ǲһѡ
ܰɣڹӹᱣ΢С˵ķʽķǳϲ΢ϿС˵ʵ̫ˡ
ȷᱣ΢С˵ķʽͺãܹӹʲô͵С˵Ҷῴġ
ôǾ;ڴӹƷɡȻ֮ǰӹƷǿԿġ


һڴС˵źѹУִ˺ڴһ˷дڴˡ
˵ӹ˵һֱС˵дȥٻдܶಿ
ȻǺܶಿǾӦò̫٣Ѿ㹻ˡ
ңӹ˵ˣӢ۴۷ƷһƷ²ƷҲͬ۷Ʒ
Ҳ˵һƷ²ƷȵȣȡӢ۴
˵δؿţӹ˵ȴŲɡ
ȡӢ۴Ʒʲô˼ڴģ
ӹ˵ȫ͵ƷҲͬǳֵڴ
绹ûйƷͣʲôͣ
û֪߼ȻǹӹǾһֵڴ



һǧһʮ ԰׵
ʱѧί칫ҡ
貨ˣҲۿ˹ӹĻרá
貨ЦһƷ²Ʒ۷Ʒӹһţ
ŶԴ˱ʾɣ
貨ҲɣҶԴ˲˵˵ȫ͵Ʒʲô͵Ʒһ㣬ҵǺܺ档
Ҳһֱ⡣˵˵ȫƷӦҲС˵ġС˵ǣ顢ഺ鰮ȵȣЩˣֻʲôȫͣѵ֮ǰƳĴС˵һϸ˵С˵Ҳһ࣬ȫµ͡
貨һӹȻҲ֪ԣһ˵ȫƷӦòǴС˵֮ġ
ҲΪʲô͵Ʒȴ޷²⡣ˣȥˣȵƳ֮Ȼ֪
貨ͷҲգȥˡ

貨ӹƷеǣҲ⡣
ȫ͵Ʒӹ˼һֱֻС˵档ܰд۷塣νҰɣĽ
û취ֶܻŵġ֮ǰǾ仰츳ҲֻܹѹһأҲپˡúõԼˡ
ҵǶ˵ģȫ͵ƷǳȤҶ˵˵ʲô͵Ʒ
ǶܸȤȴ޷²⣬ҵ뷨ʱ򲢲ܹ²ġأΪҲ˼һƷϡƷȵƳ֮Ȼ֪
˵ҲǡһƷ¸ѮУҲûʱˡ˵һƷĻӢ۴һ䣿
ѶȣҲǲܣȻ˵ˣǾ˵š
һӢ۴һƷǲĵλﵽһʲôĸ߶ȣ
ҿдٶྭƷλҲб仯ӦѾС˵һˣô仯
еӡ


ȻϣӹȻۡӢ۴ĵӾȨ̫ϧˣ
ȷ̫ϧˣⲿƷĺˣӰԻ൱Ĵ󡣺ڹӹ˵ƷڡӢ۴֮£ϣлᣬõһƷĵӾȨɡ
ţϣˡ
ĶԻںܶӰӹ˾з
ӹۡӢ۴ĵӾȨ˵һǳź顣
Ƕ֪Ӣ۴ĳɵӾĻԴ
ȴûа취ˣֻܼϣڹӹƷˡ

ʥ塣
רýû뿪ԣϿһǵۡ
Ҷȫ͵ƷȻǳĺڴҪЧ
һƷȻǰӹĵڶ¡
ƻ¸ѮУжʮʱ䣬ż
֮ǰƳһƷܶĶѾˡ
Ͽһǵ֮˵ԣ׼ȥתһת
߳Ժţһʱûϵİ״˵绰
״ʫˣɻѽ
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ȥȥ˵ʲôԸ㵹ġģǸʡһʫʽʢᣬϵڿȫŵʫˣⳡʢɲ㡣ʱ𣿡
ʫʽʢ᣿ʲôʱڸʡĸط
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ɣû⣬ϸ룬Ǳʱѽ
֪ϵˬ죬ɣǵʱ
õģʱ

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ձƫʫʣÿ¡صġʫᡱ֮⣬ٷǹٷ֯ʫỹкܶࡣ
ֻǹģСͬѡ
һεĽŹʫᣬȻһٷ֯Ĵʫᡣ
ȻҲμӡ
ŹأȻ֪λڸʡԪУشرԵ޴ǹʱҪضΣȫľ֮һ
ŹʫʽʢᣬȻ׿ˣҲܾ
ʵϣȥʫ֮⣬⻹ǰ׵һμʫᣬǲܾܾˡ



һǧһʮ ʫ
ոսӵ׵룬ڽŹʫϢҲѾϴˡ
ƫʫʵѷǳ࣬ڸؾٰʫᣬǴʫᣬǶǳĸȤ
ĳһʫϣһ׺ʫܿͻ
Źʫᣬ˵ɹʫЭٷ֯ģģֵܴڴ
ȷɹٷ֯ģʱҡסԪʫ˶ᵽ
ŹȥɽƣһõطһʫᶨȻֺܳʫ
Źڸʡ˵ȥֳ𣿡
ӦòᣬûвμӹʲôʫᣬʫᶼûвμӡȻҲȷܲμӣȻʫᶼΪһ˵̨
ȥʫ֮󣬾ͺʫˣֻ̩ɽ֮һסʵ̫ˡ
һεĽŹʫᣬڵĸʡǹٷ֯Ĵʫᣬϣܹ
ϣˣһβ˵Ҫ׼ƳһƪƷȥĿԲǺܴ󡣡

ϣڽŹʫϿʫˣˡ
ֻǲ̫ϣ
ʵϣκδССʫϣϣʫˣ
Ȼȥμôʫᡣ

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һ·޻ʡ֮󣬳Թ緹תǰԪС
㣬Ѿ˽Źؾοͼɢġ
֮ǰãҡסԪҲѾˡ
һεĽŹʫᣬȷɹʫЭ֯Ĵʫᣬμӵʫ˾ͳˣټĽʫˣʫʰߣ֮ࡣ
Ľʫˣʫʰߣ췽ܾ
ʫᣬʫᣬʫѣ߶ѡ
ҡסԪʵҲٲμʫᣬһôһΡ
οͼɢģѾܸܵյɽ塣
Ҹ̾Ρ룬쳣ҲѹԹűһ˵
׵ȷ˵Ƕ֮ʺڵҪǱұ֮ءԹļضǳ֮ࡣ
ԪѧڡУдɽʯ롣Զ⣬׺ẍͨkб٣ԻΩ֮ţԻ󣬱ǧ֮գ·֮ɼվ㱻ڶɧ͸п
ڸпһ֮պ˵һεʫϡ
ЦСʵ̫ˣ˵Сӳס֮⣬ûʫˣҲˡ
׵ɲǣʫСӵˡ
ԪϵҲǸʫľϲˡ֪ϵܣҲμһʫ֮ʱǻ൱ľϲ
ҵˣϵӦòൽ˰ɡϰףʡ
׵ͷʡ
˵꣬óֻͨĵ绰ܿҶˣЦˣϵ˵յڼɢģ߰ɣȥ˵ҲһʱûСˡ
ҡԪͬʱͷЦǾͿ߰ɡ
ӵ׵ĵ绰֮Ҳżɢȥ
û߶Զ㿴˺ҡסԪ˵Ӱ
Ȼһ˵Цѣһμˣ֮ǰȥǵʱ򣬵ȷкóһʱûˡ

˵ЦѵʱһʫˣֻĽʫˡʫʰǣҲ½˼ɢġ
໥֮֮ǰ󶼲ʶģʵҲûм档
һεʫᣬǼ潻ѵĺʱ
໥֮ҽܣ˵Цѣ졣
ݣȻǹһʫġ
һʫǲ٣ˡ
ֻؼкܶʫ˲μӡҡסԪλʫ˾Ͳ˵ˣҶ֪⣬һ˵ǰʫܹھСʫ١֮ƵĪסŷ硢䡢½ȻˣԼʫܹھƷˣμһʫᡣ
ţҪ֪һʫɣʫЭ֯ģһ᳤ˣһλʫ˲أţ֮⡣
ɲǣ˵췽ֻһٶλʫˣҿƣԲֻһٶˣܶ˶ԷĽ
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ʥ壬ﲢԶͺˡ
ٺ٣㻹Ǳˣûвμӹʲôʫᣬôܻ
ʵҲȫûпܣһ᳤ĻпܻġϾһ᳤סԪλʫˣĹϵһ㡣
ˣʫһ׵ĻǾʵ̫ϲˡ




һǧһʮ ˼
Źμɢġ
½ʫˡʫʰǣɢĴһһ졣
Сʫ١֮ƵĪסŷ硢䡢½ȻҲС
оһݡȥʫϣֵһĻĻȻĿ
Ī׵˵𣿡
ŷҲᣬҲᡣҵϣҺܺɽ֮أʲôʫ
쵽ľˣϣʫ˶ɡǲ֪ϣϣ
½ȻһûвμӽʫᣬһεĽʫᣬչʾʫŵĺûᡣԣҹǲ̫ϣġ
Ī׵ʫŵȷǼõģ֮ǣҲҪʤһȣȻͲһˣȻϣ


Ī˵һȷϣͽʫܹھƷ磬Ҳǡ˵
üͷ΢壬˵ϣҪ֡
ƷûвμӹʲôʫᣬһӦҲɡң׼ƳһƪƷǾ͸ûʱˡ
Ըɣˣǵķͷ϶Ҫǹȥġ
ȥʫϣȻܲģֲòϣʫԶ֮ϡ
ԣûһһϸµĴ㣬ֻĪҪʫʶ棬ǲۻ㲻

Ҷ̸ûпŴҡ
˿̣ҡڵĺͺҡסԪһ
ôȻͻᱻһЩ˿ˡ
ǿ쿴Ǳ߲Ǻ᳤ͰסԪλʫԱߵǸ˭Ҳμһʫʫ𣿡
ӦǰɣͷǲС˭أ
Ҳʫ٣ҶҲûôᡣҲѵˣ
ܰɡ᳤аסԪλʫ˵飬п
αϹ²أֱӹȥʲ֪ߣһȥ
ߣһȥǾһĵ顣

һмһ˵һ߳ҡסԪȥ
ʱߵǰһ˵᳤ԪǺãλǡǡ
˵¶ԷԻöԷΣԣ֣վû˵ڡ
ҡסԪҲ˵ֻЦǺǵĿ
ǰ˵֮ˣǺЦ
⻰һǰһ㶣ȻƲסľϲͼȻ
Ȼãû뵽㾹Ȼˡ֮ǰ˵˼
༸ҲæкЩ˷ܡ
Цźͼ˺˼䣬˸뿪
ߺ󣬺ЦϵܣڵӰǲС֮ǿҪߵöˡ
ҡͷ᳤ԲӣҶ֪Ҫڴ˼ǣȻеϲˡҲ֪ҪŻ˾ϲ
ǹһЦ˵ԭȻҲУֻǺСһְˡϵܿĪҪǫˡ
˵ѾֳϢȴɸոǼ֮ڣˡ
Ϣ֮󣬾Ƿǳϲͼ
ˣϢɿ
Կɿͺ᳤סԪλʫһءſԼȥ˵ǾǸ򡣡
ȥ˿ˡǵһβμʫɡһʵ̫ˡ
˭˵أҲһǱֳܵķɣ˼


Īסŷ硢䡢½Ȼ˶һۣг˲֮⣬ҲЩ˷ܡ
Ī׵ȻˣôһʫĵΣԾҪˡ
ŷһβμʫɣ֪᲻ʫҶڴҲѹִô˷ˡ
˷ֻܲΪʫ˵ݣݡ˭ء
½ȻˣЩ˹ƾҪˡ

½ȻеЩˣָȻˣҲȷʵơ
ֳһ˿ɬ̾û뵽ˣɲһϢ
ƷȻˣҲûа취ˡֵҲؿգʫϣʫܹѹһҲδ֪Ͼòʫôʱһסܷӳˮƽ治һңʫҲȫġԣǺѹ
˵ǣˣҲֻˡԸ˵ķǷѰɡǷҪˡ



һǧһʮ ԽԽ
Ѿ˽ŹֳϢֳˣҲͬˡ
ֳкܶʫˣֻʫʰǣȫȲİϢϡ
۹ȥ˽Źʫᣬкö˶˵Ϣһˡ
һεʫ˼ˣ֪᲻ֳʫǳڴ
ӦûɣŹԹҪͨǾҪأ·ƣҪĵطӦûʫġ
ǵ̩ɽ֮µġ𣿵ʱû̩ɽۣ֮ûֳķɣʵ¡һȥ˽ŹأҾлֳķˡԣҾ̳ĿֱָŹء۹
¥Ϻ⣬Ҿڸʡ뽣ŹҲԶҲȥŹˡ
ղۣĽЩ˵߾ߵģô߲˰
ҵҲ˵߾ߣô̫Զˣ˽ŹҲȥˡˣϵϢˡ

Ϣϴķǳ죬һЩʫʰǣΪֳܹʫķɣ׷׾̳ǰŹء
һ˵߾ߵУ뽣ŹزԶȫܹ֮ǰϵ
һЩԶʫʰǣֻĽЩܹȥֳˡ
ȻܶķʫʰǣҲ֪ڽŹء
ھڽŹأģôҲڽŹΰ
ҲڽŹأԭ콣ŹһʫᡣҶʫʲûжȤȻڣҲҪȥΧˡ۹ҾĽɡ
ٺ٣ҲڽŹΣѾˣ׼뿪Ҿ뿪ˣ羰̫ãһٶ࿴һ졣

ŹΪȫξ㣬ÿοɲ١
ܶڽŹεοͣҲ˵ڽŹأҪμʫϢ޲Ե÷ǳ˷ܡ
Ǳʫʲû̫ȤѾˣȥΧʫᡣ
һЩ뿪ˣҲһ죬ߡ

ڽŹصϢνӿڶڽŹֳʫˣʫʰǣѾԵĸоˡ
ȫʶһ㣬ʫֳٲˡ
ж٣˭Ҳ֪Բֻ֮ԤƵˡ
ǲЩզ࣬̾Ӱʵ̫ˡ
ȻҲԵøӵ˷ܺͼȻϣԽԽá
Īסŷ硢䡢½ȻƷˣҲͬø˷ܡ
Цҡͷ̾Ӱ̫һΣҪմĹˡ

һʫ췽ʫЭĹԱǣҲԵĸоˣֳҪԶԶԤڡ
һʫĸ˽ѹңǹʫЭһλ칫Ρ
ΣǺãкܶ˵Ļ֮ǰĳǲðһλԱ˵
ѹҿЦһ˵ǺӰΪԷһȥ;칫һ£һĳءҿڻü
õģΣǳػ֮½׼Ա˵
ѹҵͷȻţȥͺ˵һ£Ȼȥ칫ңص顣
ҡסԪ˴ʱȻһ
ϵܣ˰ɣΪ㣬ⳡضҪˡ
һЦ˵Ҳûа취顣
ҲһЦ˵Сһεǲǫˡ
̾⵹ǵȷǵԤϡȻǺ£ͨʫᣬܹһʫʰߣǿľϲˡ

ʱ佥Թһ֮󣬱ԻصϢ
һҹ޻ڶ峿𴲺󣬿ԶȺɽ֣ЩƮ֮⡣
õطһ䡣
磡ҲѾ˲٣׷״к
磬磬Ҷ硣ЦһһӦ
ϵܣ簡ҡסԪҲѾˡ
᳤ϸ磬ϸ磡Ц
ɫԽԽҲɢȥеҲѾˡ
֮ʫˣĽʫ˺ʫʰߣμӽŹʫ󣬲ŴҴҸˣҲбǽŹεο͡
ǽĿĶֻһһǱǲμӽĽŹʫᡣ
ΪҵĿĶһҲ˹ͬĻ⣬໥֮䲢ʶˣʱȴ˵ЦĵΪͶ
ѣ֪ʫĳﲻϲŴҴҸϵûü
Ҳ̫ȺߣԴˡ
˵ҲǣˣǶȥμʫġ

ܶ˶֪ʫĳؾȻҪΪ˵ġ
ŴߣԴˡ
ڣѾˡ



һǧһʮ ׳ʫƪʷ
Ѿһ˵ЦһͨŽȥ
ɢĴ˼ˣҲæڶ棬ƺƵǧˡ
⣬Ȼǽȥʫֳˣ໹һЩˣʱҲڴӾ಻ͬĵطʫֳ
ҡסԪĪסŷˣҲȺС
һ·ǰУɽҪͱ絶һ㣬ڸǧУһȥЩĿѣͷΡ
ͱڼ䣬żԳХɽȼþûص
ʱ񣬱Щͱڼ䣬ɽңܷջǼѡ
ȻЩջܶ඼ѾʧʷĳȴӰ˵ķ׷׸̾
ǰеĹУҲԽԽӴ󣬺ܶطˣ׷׼뵽鵱С
ȶ鵽Ŀĵصʱ֮ࡣ
ĿĵرġŹء
ŹأŹأȻһؿڣһȻγɵչؿڡ
ŹأڴɽСɽ֮䣬쿪һߣγڰѼͣ纱ĳǽʽҶµϼۣײխ50ףȻγɵµһذ
˵⡮ŹءʼƳ֪ǲʵ
ЦЦ˵˵ҲʷأةڴʯΪأΪ󡯻򡮽ءԺһ֮ΪŹءˡ
ҽӿڵɽκڴפڴʯΪţţɱءκʮ򾫱ȡУֱƽŹȡֻ㽫ʮκֵڽŹ⡣
ú˵޲һЩʷǴಢ֪
Źصգֲסͷ⽣ŹѹǸʱֵʮĽȷǷǳпܵġ

ΣֳѾ׼ϣӦʫҲѾȫʫʽʼˡһԱ˵
ѹҵͷֿ˿ֳѹѹͷٴθ̾һ£ҿ켰ʱ˳أȻݲôˡ
ѹͨ˷˵ֳÿһλǣǺãӭǰμһεĽŹʫᣬȻ֪ҪΪ˭һǷǳӭǡ
һε٩ʽĿףֳܶ˶ǹһЦעҲȫѹҵϣ֪ʫӦþҪʽʼˡ
ѹҼҵעͬҲ΢΢һЦȻ־ʹ˴ʫľٰԭĿġģһܡ
ֳ֮ˣ˽ƣҲʫ˵ݡ
ֳ֮࣬ڳԵú˷ܣ˵ҷǳҽܺʹ⽣ŹǰŹȻ쳣ǱҪأȻҲǹʱͨ
֮裬㱻ڶɧ͸пʵϣֻǽŹصʡȫǳա
ʷϣɧڽŹ֮գ֮ʫ¡
磬ƴѧԣдȺɽ͡ᣬ˹Ϊš᯾ڣɭꪡֱ˫ɸڡкᣬȻɫ֮ĳȡ
ǽڴۣҪ׷ʷɧǵĽŲڴ׳ʫƪʷĽŲҲסǡ
Ƶһ˵ǣò˵ǳиȾ
ʹֳеʫǣȫܣ޲һӣдһ׽ʫʣʷһǡ
Īסŷ硢䡢½ȻƷ˶ˣջʵ̫
ֻʫǣЩרΪʫʰǣֻοǣƵ˵֮Ҳͬһ
׳ʫƪʷĽŲס죬ȥȷǳˡ
һ̣ǲЩĽֳʫʫǿʫʣȴҲûʷסˡ
ҡסԪѹҼ˺ֱͷҪľЧ
ҲЦŵ˵ͷʷܼܲס첻֪Сӵһ˵ǣȷΪƯ
ƼԼһ˵ǣֳȫܣҲǷǳĵ⡣
ȻҲ֪׵˵ôƯҪʷס죬̸ף
ǣܹһףǧŵʫʡ
򣬴ҼҲˣʷסʲôģǱˡ
ǧŵʫƲ˿ڵķ򣬹Ƭֳ̣Ц⡣
ҲĿԡ
֪ʷסļѣֳ˷֮ȻҲܹ뵽һ㡣
Ҫʷס죬ʫʾͱ㹻㡣
һʫԾԾԣǽܹһ㹻ʫʣǽһҫ
ֻ˵λʫǣɽյĽŹأǷѾ˼ȪӿǷѾ̲סҪӱʫ
ôеıʣдеĽʫƪǵĽŹʫᣬʽʼ



һǧһʮ ±ɣż֮
Źʫʽʼ˶ǾһʫԾԾԣʫʰߺοǣµĿֳʫǣ֪ǶһЩʲôʫ
Ȼʫǲʫʫʵĺûһ㻹ֱܹóġ
ʫЩţЩʫˡ
ֳôˣ仹ҡסԪĴʫڳǺ̾ͰԼʫдһЩԥĥһȡøá
ǵʫӼǰ㿪ʼѾͣڶʱںߡ
֮ܵǰһĴ̼ԼŹպֳΧĸȾ˼άͻȻüΪԾƺʱҪŷпܽʫεĸá
ԣҶڼԼʫ䣬һʱ֮仹ûʫ
ʫʰߺοҲżµĵš
ҡסԪҹҲż
һֻһˬʵ˵Ҷżôשˡ
˵ֳ֮˵ע⣬ֻ˵֮һʮ۾ӡ
۾ߵѾ׼õд̨ǰϵһֻëʣ׼д
ʫʫǶҪдģëд
ܹʹëдҲһλʫ˵ĻҪ󣬲˵дִﵽ鷨ҵˮ׼ҲҪﵽܶĳ̶ȡ
ԣȥμʫʫˣԼë֣һŵġ
Ͼҵһۿģдôд̫ǲҪȥ۵ĺá
۾ӶԼë־ͺţԼʫҲš
ֻʾд
·ѣأأء
ʫŵþϲ²ӻС
һԾ䡶̾
ֳһͶӰĻ۾дḶ́ȫͶӰĻͶӰ˳ʹֳÿһ˶ܿ
֡Ǵҵĵһӡ󣬴۾Ӱʫд꣬ȫ۾һʫ
һ׺ʫͨοͶóֳʱһƬ
٣̨ʫѽ
̨ţ
̨ש񣬰Ū̫ˣҵʫ˼óˡ

۾Ҳһϸ۾һۣʫȷ
ҡסԪ˴ϲҹЦȷשĵһʫˣʫڣ
˷ܵû뵽ĵһʫȻ뺫᳤һ
ÿһʫҪֻĺõʫŻе
ס̾ש֮ȷʵȻеˡ
漴ұ㽫ʫһ֮ʣ۾Ӽ˷ܡ
Χ˵ףУ۾ʾǫ飬˵ʫżȻֵ֮
ʱǺЦ±ɣż̨֮ǫ顣
⻰һȫһ±ɣżֱ֮Ǿ䰡
һڣһ侭䣬ǵŵʫˡ
ȫѣǽֳԭΪ˸ֳʫķɡ
ڣδʼʫֻô˵һ䣬Ѿ˵һ侭䣬Ѿչֳʫ˵ķɡ
ôһʫȻЩ֮ǰ۾һʫķͷҵעܿʹӸոӵʫϣתƵһʫϡ
Щ⣬ողڶû뵽ʫ֮ǰʫķͷ
Ȼһ仰˵һʫ˷ͷ۾ȴǷǳ˷ܺͼ
ʫҪ˵ģһ֮ǰǫ˵ʫżȻ֮֮
һԺʫǿ϶һס̾
ġ̾ʫϵһ
ö֮ǻγһʡ
뵽⣬۾ӸǼæ˵˵ǡ
ֻһЦԣ̨Ͳǫˡ
ǣǡ۾˵ȻǹЦ
Цбĵͼκ˶ܹ
һĥ۾Ϊλͼ
һ侭䣬ֱӵϵȷֵü͵⡣
һʱ֮䣬˿۾ӵ޲Ľ
ȺУĪסŷҡͷЦڱһ侭ʫʫʲ飬Ȼܹȵġ
޵±ɣż֮ʫϵܣʱоϲ
סԪͷЦֻˣϵڳԸӵ˷ܣֺʫļҪö֮࣬ǰġ̾ܿһһεʫᣬȷڡ
ԪҲЦһ䡮±ɣż֮деãҵ˼άǻӵĻԾ
ҵͷ˵ûʫȷãҸոѾԵĸоеıŷʫ򵥣
׵ͷֵȷ򵥣Ҵʱ˼άҲӻԾѾʱҪƵġ
λʫ˵ûдֳеʫǣȷо˼άͻȻøӵĻԾˣһִûйĻԾ
˼ά˻ԾĸоǷǳܡ
˵ǣЩʫʰߺοǣƺһִ
ִǣҲܻӱһʫ
⵱ȻȷֻǴͨοһ̣ͻȻʫһЩȤ⵹ġ



һǧһٰʮ ʫ
ֳʫ˼άӻԾܿһ˹ЦСҲ׳ˡ
˵꣬д̨ǰд
ƿܩܸa
գۿꡣ
һԾ䡶żиС
һ䡮ƿܩܸąţ
ʫԵĺʫֻ̨ʫвȶȵɣ

һײʫֳٴδ֮̾
ңСҲʫȡżиС
֮ǰһ䣬±ɣż֮ϵ
һʫҲҪմ㷺ˣټȷʵãΪѾǾԵˡ
һСӣĽͬʱֲЩգΪԼû뵽һأ
ڻʧȡһƵʫҲʲôЧˣΪЦ
ҡסԪҲݸ΢ЦͬʱﰵСӵĻ
ȻҪǣȷʵһ׺ʫʫȻֲٵĺʫԻΪһ̸
ҲͬЦЦΪȤһʫҲȷʫʫˮƽǲ͡
Ҳѹֻôƫùʫˡ
׺ʫҲֳʫʰ˷ܲѣʫȻҲڵһʱ䣬ǹϡ
Ȼһ䡰±ɣż֮Լһʫǰ̣Ѿϴˡ
ʫʰ˷ܲѡ
۹Ҿ֪μӵʫᣬǾԲһͨʫᡣһɾ䣬Ͻһ˶ѡ
Ҫǣʫ飬ƺһ˼ȪӿĸоڵڶʫԵĺʫʧһЩСʫϣǶǶƷˡ
һȥֱӰѴҵʫˮƽˣ̫ˡûڳҿոλδôõʫ
˵Ȼûʲôʵݣֿܡ

ϣʫʰ۷׷ףֳҲͬҡ
ǰλʫ˳˷ͷʫҲ̲סķ׷׳֡
һ׽һ׵ʫʫȺ
ÿһʫֳ֮
ȻҲÿһʫٲҲȥҲϧԼ֮
ҡסԪһʫʣһ̸ÿһʫʵĺûǳõʫʣһ
һСʱֳ֮ʮʫʵңһ
ܶʫˣԼĿǰΪֹ۷֮
ʫǽȷǳ˼Ȫӿ

ȺУĪ׵Цʱˣ֡֡½֣ǷҲȥ¶һˣ
ŷЦ֮Уҵʫͣôȥ׳ɡ
Īס䡢½Ȼͬʱ⻰ɾͲˡ
ŷһЦڰ֣д̨ȥ
ŷΪʫ١֮һġʫ˼ŷƺҪˣоһæк˵룡
ŷǫ飬˵֣ҵ
ΧʫʰǣҲʶŷ磬ŷҪʫˣȫһϲͬʱСĺԱ֮˵ʲô
ȻҲע⵽˶ŷĶµĿŶŷ磬ĵŶҪ𣿡
ҵͷ˵ŷ磬ţһεʫô
סԪ˵ͷҲֳڴɫ
Ҳŷ磬Ҳ֪Ķŷ磬ʲôʫ
ŷ΢΢һЦд
ߣرھԳš
ὣꪲϣ½лӡ
ҲһԾ䣬š
ʫɣ۾ǡʫ١֮һʫ˵ôʫӿʼڣʫ˲٣ȻҪʫΪ
ֳ̾һƬٲȻһС߳
Ī̾ʫһҵʫ˼óȥˡ
䡢½ȻҲƵƵͷ
ŷȴҡͷЦλĪҪ̧ˣǵʫȻ֮ϡ
Ҳ߹ȥ˵ϲֵһ˺ʫ
ŷæ˵ֿĪҪ̧ңʫԶ֮ϣ⻹ֵĴء
е⣬ȴǫ˼䡣
Ƕŷ磬ʫľߴҷ緶޵
ԪͷĿǰΪֹȷʫΪĪס䡢½ȻƷ缸˵ʫӦҲʫ֮¡ʫʵ˾ϲ
ҲͬԵͷʫȷȻһЩҷ緶ܲ
ŷһסšֳС߳ںҽʫֳ֮ʫ
ԽԽʫдԼ֮ʫĪס䡢½ȻƷ缸ˣҲȺдԼʫ
Ԫ˵һǵʫڶŷġš֮¡
УĪ׶˵ʫҪ֮ϣʫ˾ޡ
ʫԻ
ʮһߣ¾ġ
Դͷ·첻ѡ
һ䡰¾ġΪ֮̾ߡ֮գֵ÷ǳ
һʫȻֳû뵽һ˺ʫ
ҡסԪҲʫȻȫ˴ҷ緶
ǵʫȣҲǲضá
Ҳͬ̾һ׼Ϊʫ



һǧһٰʮһ û˸ʫ
һס񡷣ֳ˾ճ׵˸߳
ǶʫûжоͨοͣҲܸܵһʫľޡ
ֳ֤һ׾ʫḶ́ҲǶԴʫ˸Ȥ
ʫд̫ˡ
ĿǰΪֹʫΪû뵽쾹ܵһ˾޵ʫ

ֳ˸ţڵһʫʱҲͬ˺ܸߵۡ
һʫȻ˴ҷ緶ѵõľƷ֮ǵľƷʫҲǲضãؽΪں
ҵֳƸ߳ѳһʫȴԵĻʤ
úҵֳۣ˵Ļ;̾ԼҲϲѡ
Ȼ⣬Χ˵ףأȴǫ顣
Īҡͷ̾ЩƣʫʵҲǳκʫȷʤһȫڸķͷ
ŷ硢䡢½ȻҲƣǵʫ֮󣬻ûãͱȫѷͷȥˡ
ƹƣǻ߹ȥأĲģʽҪеġ
֣ϲϲʫһжĻˡǴʫҲδؾͻʫǿĪ˵
ȷˣʫֵؽʤ࣬ϲϲˡŷ硢䡢½ȻҲ׷˵
һΪĵ⣬ȴǫλ̨̧̫ˣλ̨ʫ֮¡ʫǶȻԶңĻĪ־ĪҪˣñЦ
Īֵ̫ǫˣʫȷжĿܣҿĽý
Ȼһǫ飬˫˺һ֮Ī׼˲Ÿ뿪
Ī֣Ϊġжڿܣŷʵ
Ī׳ȷȫûпܣʫʱ򽲾˲ıʫԶ֮ϣҲܱ֤˵ÿһʫʫ֮ϡһס񡷵ȷʫȲôһ˿ܵġ
ȷˣԺܵͣȫûпܡ
һߣƷ˵֣ΪĪ˵ĵûȷжĿܡ֮ǰ˵òʫδܷӳõˮƽ
п𣿡Ȼǳܹѹ
䲻˵ʫˮƽѳֵûζһҫ
ң࣬ѹû˸ġ
ֻǣҲֿ֪ԺССôףҲͲˡ
ȻСҲȷУڴ

񡷣ȷѵõľƷҵȳ֣Ҳδؾͱȵùڳ֮ˣֻϵ֣ܳбȹİա޵
׵ͷȷˣǲ֪ϵܻ᲻һЩѹΪڴҵĿУϵܵʫӦõġˡǰϵҪû֮ǰˡ
ԪȷûôˡȻǺ£ϵʫˡȻСӶһʫֻҪ֤ܶˡ
ҡ׶۾һͬʱ˵˵úе

һסֳգҲͬ顣
۹ʫ̫ˣ֮֮ǰĪ׵ʫá
ʫһʽʤ
ʫĿǰΪֹõģ᳤Ҳǳߡҿ˶Ŀܡ
˰ɣ֡
ֻ˵п¿СҲпܲǡЩʫСĿԶûС
ȷ˿ԣΪҪʤġ񡷣ҲҪԴ
ٺ٣ԴǺ°ǻ͵һ׾ʫˡ
ȥ˵úе˵Ҳó˰ɡҿֳʫ˶Ѿʫˡʣµʫǣġ֮󣬹Ҳ˼ˡ
ҿҲǣʫڴ
쿪ʼڴڸڴˡ
ְɣ۹


ֳ
˵һʫˣѾԼƷ
ʣ»һСʫˣǴҪʫģġֲ֮ʮԥ
ڴҵ۹ľѾһʫúܸߣǵʫóȥ֮ǰܵõۡ
Ǻѵõˡ
û취ڵƷζľ۷壬һײʫȥڴڵУҲ÷ǳͨ
ԣʣµʫǶҳˣöۡ
ͬʱҲЩΪβ֣Ŷһ£ȡεĸá
ںˣεĶûóˡ
ʣµʫڰգֳҲûټʫˡ
ֳǸտʼЩ֣ôͻȻûʫˣ䳡ˣ⻹ſء
һ룬Ҳ׹ûʫǴڶʫˡ
Ҳǣڡ֮󣬴ҵ۹ء
ȻҲ˶ʫˡ
˵Ŀ⣬鲻Խڵķȥ



һǧһٰʮ ѡ
ֳ˵Ŀ⣬ȫڵķ򿴹ȥڴҿʱʫˣҲֻһˡ
ҹЦϵܣӴҶڵʫˡǶֳ֪кܶ˿Ҫǳġ㰡ҲʱĴˡ
˿Ŀ⣬һЦ˵ȻˣҲ׳ˡ
˵꣬д̨ȥ
Ҫдʫˣֳȫ˷ּ֮У˱ǳΪֳʫķɡ
ڣڵȵһˡ
Ȼ֮ǰһס񡷣Ѿֳպʹҵ۹ŪúܸߣȻġ
Ϊʫһġ񡷸á
ңʫտʼʱһ䣬±ɣż֮Ѿ˸ܵʫķɡ
˵ĻôڣϷʼˡ
Ҫʼ𣿡ȺУĪסŷ硢䡢½ȻҲǳ˷ܺڴ
ɹһ˿ԣ᲻漣ķ
𰸺ܿͽ
˷ֽţ漣᲻ᷢڴ˿ˡ
ҡסԪˣʱҲǳڴ
Ϊ˷ܵ˵ڵϵֵܳʱҪ볬Խ񡷣ͱԴԴһʫֵ̫ڴˡ
סԪҲͬʱͷںҵĻǳͬ
ϵǣϢϾҪˡһʫǡֳвٵʫʰǣ׷˵
ϣǣһƬĻӦ
۹Ҿ֪ϾҪˡ£ҲֻҳˡֳǣһҪڵһʱ䣬ʫ
ǣǣֳˣһֱš


ֳ
ߵд̨ǰһֻëʣûԥֽд֣ѡ
ֱͶӰ豸ͬͶӰĻϣֳе˶ܹ
ֻѡ֣ۻ룬ó鷨д
鷨ֳܶ˶֮ǰ̩ɽ֮µһס鷨
ֳױд֮ǰƷ鷨ȫһĸܡ
Ȳ˵ʫݣֻǿֳдѾǳˡ
ǲ鷨ˣҲܹͬС
֣̾鷨֮˲Űϡ
ѣţӦþʫˡ˵ͷûʲôرĸо
ܶʫС֣⡰ѡûʲô⡣
ϵǣѾʼˣʫѡ˵ֳдһܣʵ̫Ưˡֳ˻Լġ񡱣ʱ˵ôһ䡣
Ȼ˵һ仰֮Ǳϵġһɶˡ
ֻдʫ΢ͣһ£ʼд
Σգ
֮ѣ죡
ʫĵһ䣬鲻Խ
Ȼȫǵһɽߵյĸо˲Ϯ
һʼʫ˱һѽѽܵ±̫ˡҲ̫ʵˣֱ컹ѣ
ֳȫ̧ۻһܣ±ڸʣֱʱǣ˲ȫᵽˣʫʫʱľҲһľ
ֻǼ򵥵֣ȴһ侳ǿҸоֳ˲ø˷ܡ
֪һʫһûдꡣ
ֻǣͨο΢ЩɻʫȲǾ䣬ֲʫʲôʫ
ָʫЩ졣
ţӦôˡ׵
֮Բ죬Ϊ֮ǰδָʫڿҲͬóָʫˡ
ѡȷָʫȷе˵ֵָָʫ
ͨοȻ⡶ѡʲôʫⲢûйϵȻܹ֣ܵ侳ǿҸо
дڼ
ϴԼ죬ãȻ
ǧ̡꣬ͨ
̫Ժüۡ
رɽ׳ʿȻʯջ๳
֮߱꣬г岨֮ش
ƺ֮вùԳȳԮ

дúܿ죬֮䲢ûжͣ
⼸䣬ͨο˵Щطܲô⡣
Ȼǲȫ⣬ȴҲܹоһʫıݺᣬѣ粻֮ĳ
ڲʫʰߣеʫ˵ȴԽԽľҲԽԽ˷ܺͼ
տʼʱ˸дȻڣֳȴһƬ
˶ȫעģߣѾˡôһ



һǧһٰʮ ˵ʫƪ
ֳǳİ˶ĿתĿͶӰĻдڼȻһ׺ܳʫ
̣ٲ͡
ѲвϢָ̾
ʾκʱη;fҲʡ
Źľ۷ɴƴּ䡣
ӹҹ£ɽ
֮ѣ죬ʹ˵գ
ȥ첻ӯߣɵоڡ
Yfתʯס
Ҳˣ൶Զ֮˺Ϊգ

һ³֣һȴһ׳Ļ棬һߵ¡
ۼ֤Щµĵֳе˵һµܡ
˺ֻһʫʻɵģͿŵĻ֮С
ɶͣһ򵱹أĪ
ػףΪ
ͻϦܳߣĥ˱Ѫɱ顣
֣绹ҡ
֮ѣ죬ൣ
ˣһƪ׵ġѡ硣
дһ֣һ㣬ʷֳ֮ȻǰһƬ
˵ʶ֮УѾоͣʣ֪Ѿһʫдꡣ
ȻԸ⣬Ҳҷһ죬һһ죬ͻЩ־ߡ
Щ־ǷдϵдһͰǾˡ
±ʣܿ˿˶ȫʫУЦЦʵ̫ˡ
ƪѡǰʫ̫׵Ĵ֮һַչΪḻɡͻأǿ᫵գͲԽİƣʫʷϵһƪ屦
ٸߵҲΪֳ˻Уʵ̫

ʱϵʫʰǣĵţֳʫʰǣǹƷ
ⶼȥôʱˣΪλǳٳûж
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ѽ죬ɵֳȥһ׳ʲô


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Сճ˳ļء
ˣաָǣ̫񣬵˴˵أôظ
Ϊɽʵ̫ˣס̫ȥ·

һ·ȥʫдҿܲǺ׵ĵطȫһ顣
ֳ˺ҵĽ֮󣬶ڡѡһʫ⣬ɸΪ͸
ʫҲǾ̾ѡ
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ƪһ䡰Σգ֮ѣ죡żǿҵĸ飬ֱк㷢Ŷ߾յľ㵡̾
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̫ˣùԹԵĻȥȥɽжߣʵ̫ǿˡ
ֹһΪȫʫûһǿģϵˣһֱ̧ܴϵǳַֻǿǳʵ̫ˡ
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ֳ۷׷ףȲΧˣԼʱ˷ּ顣
ʱֳʫʰǣϣڵǹʫء
ϵô˵ôãֳʫʰǣЩ˼
ֻǣҲܹǲǣֻ֡ѡһʫ̫ˡ
ϵǣǸʵǱǸǵôá
ȥڳˡѾˡ˵Ϊʲôôòų֣
ҪΪʫ̫ˣȻⲻص㣬صǡصǡţ̫˵ǿʫ֮󣬻ˡ
һ˵ʫʰǣоɻ󲻽⣬ַǳĺ棬͡
׷״ߴֳʫʰǱϻϽġѡ
У͹ʫе㳤Ͱɡһλֳʫʰ˵֮󣬱㽫ѡһʫϡ
ʫʰǣڿɻأġѡ
Ȼ󡭡Ȼڿһ֮Ҳܿ˽ȥ
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ǣȻܿ˽ȥûκһλʫʰߣֵܹʫջ

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ʱѾ磬ΧûгԷĵط׼׷óԼЯˮ͸һ߳һ߼šѡŴʱ˷顣
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Կѡһʫ֮󣬱һҲȲˣҴҸֳ
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Ͳһ㣬ȵ뿪֮繫Ϣ
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ʫʰ˷ܵıʾȵ깤֮һҪȥֳһ
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һǧһٰʮ һ
οͼɢĵ·ϡ
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ֵ׼òˣ̫ˣǶϵܵƷҲڴʫˣϵ׼ֱӻʥ壬ʲô㣿
Ŷһ˵ѵ᳤ʲôţ
ҹһЦ˵ϵܵ˼񡣵ҲʲôţֻҺϰסǣ׼ȥһˡϵпգϵһͬǰ
ݣѵǱ߻һʫ᣿
ҵǵûУʫЭǱһĻ顣ϵܿȤһͬǰȻǲϵȥμӻ飬֪ϵܶǵĻ飬϶ûκεȤ
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ݣǵһõط
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ǰȥ֮ûȥҲ֪ǰȣûʲô
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뵽˴ǺЦݿһõطѾĽѾãξ͸ź᳤ȥʶʶɡ
ͬ⣬ҡסԪоǷǳϲЦϵͬУһε֮УԻȤöࡣô͹ȥô
ͷû⣬ʱԡ

˻صοͼɢ֮һʫˣʫˡʫʰߡοɢȥ
ҡסԪҲ˳뿪ǰʡʡǣ׼ݡ
ң˵ʡǣѡһҾƵס¡
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ҡסԪˣڷдŶڡѡһʫ
ʫȻˣڽʫĻ⣬ǹڡѡһʫĻ⣬ȴԶԶԶ
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ԣ֮˱Ƶ귿ĵԣȲд
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ڵĵطڰ׵̵档
ǰ˵صĸȻȻͬ
վڰ׵ϣ峺֮ˮǰûʲôֻվͬ磬ипǧ
Ű׵߰ɣϵܣΪΣʵ
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׵׵ȻǼ˵׵̵ľɫ֮ȻһѩĻǰ׵ȻжеˡֻǿϧѩĻᲢࡣ
ûѩȷʵЩźȻ˵ܿŲѩء
ŶŲѩ׵ͷȷһŽšҾ׵̵ľͷŲѩƺȷôһ˵ϵû˽⵹ǲٰ
ĶţֻһͨŲѩҲͬûǰˡ
Ƕر˽ˣ֪ôһ㡣
һЦ˵ȻҪȻҪһεġ˵ŲѩľɫʮءÿѩվڱʯɽװعŵʯŹ±ѩڣ¶˰߲ŵ˻ڰѩĸ¡ϡɱʯ֣еİѩ⣬ҺγɷԶȥƶϷǶϣǳ֮
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ڿ˭ʹεݻһء
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˾ǵͷȻҪϣȻҲȥǡ
ʱ˰׵̣̤˶棬վڶ֮Զɽˮһζ
ˣϵܡ˵ոڰ׵Ǳߵʱ˵˵һ죬ͻȻͱóˡ⻰ʲô˼ѵʲô뷨
⺫֮ǰʣʱ̫㣬½ѾϤ˲٣վڶ֮ϣ˳
һԵ½кȻһ֮ǰҲ˵ʱ֪ݣҲû⡣
Ȼ֪ݺһ仰ƺ˲ͬζټ֮ǰ˵һ䣬˵ȥ껭һŲѩͼ˵ϴó
ڰ仰ϵһ룬ƺΪ⡣
½д󶯣ϸĻش
ֻ˵ȷһЩ뷨ܹܲöűóҲ˵׼
뷨ȻǣǰߴĴ˵硣
ȻС˵ԼӾӰ£űóûʲôģҲѻ˵̫
뷨ҡ½ȻаסԪоһݡ
æʵʲô뷨ϵܿɷ˵һ˵
ЦȻԣҲ׼һƪƷ룬ҰѹµıһǮš׷ԪйأܹöűóȻҲֻпܡ
ҪƳһƪƷʲôܣ綼ˡԣ½Ҳ֪ġ
˵Ҫѹ±һǮš׷Ԫйأһݡ
ԭ뷨Ѿ˼õĳƪƷֻǰѹµԭһ
ֻǣп



һǧһٰʮ ûȤΪʫһף
пںҡסԪ½˿ȻǼѵġ
Ļһлòһ
Ǿ漣Ĵߣһκпٴһ漣
ֻǣʲôƷܹöڶʱڱó
뵽˲ǳͣͿƷֻҲ֪Ʒ¶ֻܹһƳƷ
ڶͣһ¶ţȻűɽ·С
˰׵̣ȻҪȥյ̿һ
յ̴һֱʮ֮׵ֻǿϧڲǴ죬յʱ̡
յ̱˵ʱѾҪʱ֣ǡøһҷ꣬˱緹
˼Сˣڵȴϲ˵ĹУʳ͵ĶԻ˼˵Ȥ
ǳԷԿһ㣬극ȥ־ء
ֻϧʫԶУȻͿȥһˡ5000ǮأǷǳ˵ġ
ǰѾкüõ˰ɡٺ٣Żȡ

Լ˵ĶԻȤˣֻˣһʳʵѣǸո˵ʲô5000Ǯôһ¶źܹʫԣ5000Ǯܲϸ˵һ˵
֮ǰԻʳƺԵΪˣ̾ʹǻ֪أ칫ҵĹԱռʫʺͶֻҪʫʻ߶Էϣ֧5000Ǯֽ5000Ǯ˵Ȼʲô˵ɾͲˡ
ŶȻ£ǲ˿϶ܶɣ
٣Ȼˣ5000Ǯأ˭ҪֻǲʲôʫҪģҲһҪĶǺõġ￴СʱʫʺͶҲٷݣȴֻݡ
ȻȻǻǮȡǿ϶õġֻǣôͻȻˣӦǾһôɡ
˭֪أǰڽŹؾʫӰɡȻĿȻΪˣܹõһԿʫʵƷӦֻΪ˲һ䣬ڽŹؾʫȶȡ

Ѿ
˵Ȼ¶ҲȤˣ½˵
½ҡͷ⵹ǲ˵ǰ棬ǵǿȥһ
׵ͷŵȷȤǾȥһϵܾΣ
ЦҲΪȤǾȥˡ
ʱķ½˱̸ֹͣʼԷ
ʮ֮󣬼߳꣬ȥ
յ̱ˣû߶ñ㿴ϵһطȻΧŷǳˡ
δֳ߽־ȡޡϧ֮ԼʱʱѾ˹
ҾСӵʫӦܱѡС
λǸҲдյ֮оҲܱѡС
УôױѡаŰɣҾòС
ոʫϧˣҿŻȻûбѡС
ôãΪһסյ֮дá
ţҲΪʫãѾһĴˡ

Ŵ߽վȺΧµĿš
ֳרΧһдżųϷֽͱʣëҲиֱʡ
κ˶Խȥдʫдԣд֮ԽֳĹԱ
ԱѴдʫʻ߶øֳĸ˿˿Уᵱ5000ǮĽ
ѡеʫʡҲᱻͳһչο͡
ֽƷܹչν˫գҲѹ˶˴ˡ
ʱддʫдԵˣʮˡ
ֳλˣ˵˹٣οдʫʡõ˵һϿɣ㱻ѡС
λ˹ٶ칫ҵĸˣ֮ԾٰôһһȷΪ˲һģǰڽŹؾʫȶȡ
һҲַͨʽοǴһ֣ĻŨ˼
ʫǶйء
һԭǾǽٰһܹοѺûĻ
Ļ᲻õһйصʫֻ߾
⣬ҲûܹõĺʫͶ
ϾֳдʫдԵģһЩʫʰߣдĺʫͶ
Ȼλ˹ٵﻹڴģһ˸ľϲء
ȺΧ½ҲֻͬǣĴҪȥдʫдԣҪúҡסԪ˵һˣһʫʡ
дǷǳиġ
ѾȻҵˣΪʫһףǾ̫ˡ
ֻǣҪ½ʼ˵ڡ
ȻڣǰĻᣬ½оҪÿڵöˡ
һЦ˵ôдʫԣΪ⡣Ƕҹʫˣ֪ûȤΪʫһף



һǧһپʮ һ
½һʣҡסԪˣЦҡͷʾϵڣҲա
½Щʧҽһ仰Ϊϲ
ֻ˵ϵܿȤһף
ǺЦʱûʲôѾ䣬ȿһ
ҵͷţȿչʾǱһסյ֮Ҳе˼
ȷһˮƽǳһλʫʰ֣֮Ҳѵá
ŶһˮƽҲѵãλ۹ܸѽһԱߴԴһ˿
˶һ㶣Ťͷһȴһ20ǣոǻȻ˵ġ
һۣҲ۹ߣֻǿ͹۰ˡ
ӽǡյ֮ߡ
šʫˡݣԼʫŻмֵģڴ˵ͻȻбŷдĿǰΪֹԼõһʫյ֮
ɹѡУ5000ǮĽ𣬻õֳ˵һºΪõһʫ
ǳ˷ܣԼԡյ֮ҲΪ⣬ܹˮƽʫʫˡݵġ롱־ͿȥˣΪһλʫˡ
ǳ˳ޡյ֮һʫһֱû뿪ΧȺתƣű˶ԡյ֮
ոתƵߣԡյ֮һʫۣ˵ʲôǳʫʰ֣֮Ҳѵá
Լǰʫݣ˼Ǳ˵ǳ԰ʫֵ֮ĻǾͲôˡ
е˺ܳһʱͻȻۣȻЩˬ̲סԴһ˿˵˸ոһ仰
ԷҪôǲʫʣҪǹۣԵԼ۹ߡ
Ȼһۣȴ͵һͻ󵭵ĪЩҡ
Էֻһͨӣ̧֮ΪλĪĻţ
㲻ԭ˵ĻҲ˵ˣǴҴ뿪Ⱥ
Ⱥ֮ҵĲƽȻСڵķһۡ
Ϊʲô㲻

ȺΧ½˵ոСӵҲȤôҴҶˡţΪΣ
ǺһЦ˵ĻСӦþǡյ֮һʫˡΪǶʫ۹ͣЩˬΪδҴҶߣǾͲö֪ˡ
ҡסԪͬʱͷĻͬ
ĳִҴҶȥδԼӰ죬ȺΧֿһ֮󣬱׼뿪
뿪֮ǰ˵ȷһǳĵطҸոżһʫһͰɡ
½ϲ۾˷ܺڴɫҡסԪ¶΢ЦҲֳͬڴ֮ɫ
½׼ʫͶ
֪ʫͶȻȥ5000ǮĽţӦһǮ
½ֽʣ
½æУУҪëʻǸֱʣ
ΪһдңֽʵȹȻٲˡ
ëʰɣдʫԻëʸио
½ͷ򿪱Ҫóֽʡȴ˵½ڲøңȥǰд
½ͷӦǲԸ˿ддĻ϶ᱻ˿ġ
󽫱Ще˵ô߰ɡ
ͷȺΧ뿪
˵ĵûκ˵ע⣬֮⡣
һ㣬㵽յ̱ڴһ߽ͤͤʯϣӱдһʫһ
ʫ򵥣һ㺫ҡ½׼
ԣȴȣҡסԪˣǶдġ
ȻʫˣڶϵҲܸߣȻϲ
ֻǣƺöԣ˾üͷ΢塣
½ʫͶؿЩ˷ܺͼ
һ½˵ҰʫͶֳǱȥɡ
ЦǾ鷳½ˡ
½æ鷳鷳һҲ鷳λһ£Һܿͻ
˵꣬дʫۺã첽Żֳȥ
ʱ½ѷأЦѾʫֳĹԱСǲ֪ǵĸڿûУˣڲ֮ء
ҲһЦ˵鷳½ˣյ̰ɣҿĽѾˡ
½Ҽ˵ƺã̤յ̡
ֻǣҡסԪȴȻ˼
ҵϵܣǾˣܹԳζϱҲԶԶ
Цϸ⻰ͬ⣬ʵϣԼҲûкõ
Ϊϧ
ǰһγǰʱڡ
һ˵һ˵Ǵĺһѧʿ˴ʱһŮõƣʧֽС
˼һ˴
ȻȴûжԳ
һ˵Ǳʱڣһλѧʱ
һʱĴĺҲûܶԳ
˾ԣһֱ
˽죬Ȼ˶Գһ˶еЩζǲԶʮֵ⡣
ҲóЩóЩ̫ģԼȥԡ
ܹԳǰõء



һǧһپʮһ 
յ֮ϡ
ҡסԪ˵һҲûкõЩΣ־õҲ
ҪԳӦҲԣҪζϲͣǾͼ䲻ˣǶԲ
ټû˼õ
ҡͷЦ˵ϵһѽ
һЦ˵û취۲ѧǳĶǾֻдһдˡ
СӾ͵ɪɡЦ
ʱԪпӣױŨĨˡӣǾ˫ǧϵǵһˣӴ֮Ҫϵһˡ
ҡס½Ҳͬпʫ˾ޣʫ˵ǵһԵĵ֮

Ļֳ
һλԱ½ӹۺõֽ֮Ҳûոյ⼸ݸӷһȻ󽻵ֳǱߡ
Զֳĸ֮һʫʺͶѾǧݣȴûп΢һģҲһסյ֮
ԴȻ׼ҲЩʧ̾һλ˵֮ǰŻ᲻漣յһ׺ʫߺڿȫˡ
ʵɣҲʧǾٰⳡԭҲǳܹյʫġֳô˶ǵĻȤѾɹˡټϣյ֮ȼʫʵǲģҲֵϾǶԷרҵʫ֮֡һλ˵
Զͷ˵⵹ҲǣǵĻνǳĳɹĿҲѾﵽˣѾвˣһεĻˡ
˵꣬Զ˳Աոյݹļݸʼġ
һ˼ݣʫʣ˵ôԶҲʧ˵Ѿϰˡ
һݣһɨȥţһ
ıҪԶʫ٣һǻûпݣԶѾ۾һˡ
Ȼϸһϧ
ţԶһ㶣ЩûӦ
֪ǲΪ쿴̫ĲôʫʺͶԭ򣬶Ȼ俴ôһԶЩӦ
Ƭ̣Զһ֮ŷӦȻȻ˷ܺͼæλ˵κ죬⸱ţԣֻ
λ˷ֱκκͻȻԶʼҲһ㶣ͬЩûзӦ
Ƭ֮󣬲ͻȻôѵõˣ
ͬʱе˵ʲô죬ǿ
ԶŵֽݵǰκΡͬʱֽϿȥ
ܿ죬Ҳͬ˷ּ
κ˵˶롱֮˵Ǿġϧ֣ȻҲͬʵ̫ˡ
ҲϲȻܹյǽľϲ
Ȼ˵ǶңڶҲǳоȻʫʷҲһ
ȻҲΪĸˡ
һͨ˼ˣҲܸоľ˵ˡ
ԶǰԵľϲǸոջ˵ûоϲȻˡֻǿϧֻû
κε̫ǺѶԳҲͶԼҲûֻͶ
ЦԽǶԲԽãһѶԳľЩʱһĶãǾ˵ˡ
һ˵ԶκζһĥҲ˲׹Ȼһϲ
û˵һѶԳľԶһĶá
Ÿֵ
ףʱЩɻ˵Ȼû֡
û֣Զκζһ㶣Ǹոչ˷ܣûע⣬һûֱۻ룬ԵĴֱʡ
ѵĳλ֣֮λҾֳ
һ룬˾Ǵңó
ֻǣ˭أ
⡭˷ܼƽȡֵ֮ʡ
һԶ˵Ȼλҳ֣ȻΪ5000ǮĽҲòֲǡڲ˵ڿ֪ܲݣǾȰ⸱չʾȥ֮취һλҳ֣
κΡͬʱͷ˵Ǿˡ
Զãﻹһݸոһ͹ĸҿ֮󣬱Сǰ⸱չʾȥ
κΡһεͷ
ԶĿ⿴ʣµһݸ˸ոյľĸһʱ֮ʵûʲôȤˡ
һݸȻһ͹ģǻɨһ۰ɣɨ֮󣬾͸ϽСְһչʾȥ
Զ뵽ֻǺܿ죬ͫױ㶸ȻŴǲŵı顣
һݸһʫʫϳ꡷
ʫΪ
ˮ緽ãɽɫ՝档
ӣױŨĨˡ



һǧһپʮ һλʦֱʣ
ԶŸϣ׽ϳ꡷ʫͫ׷ŴĲţҲʱû˷Ӧ
κΡ˼Զˣʮ֣κɻɶأƵġ
ֹƬ̣Զ˵κոյĶǽľϲ
ľϲκΡ˸ɻ˵ɶ˼ѵǷݸӸã
Զеĸݵǰ˵һ֪
κΡɻϿȥ֮˵ͫҲȻŴϵı֮ǰԶı飬ûʲô
Զ˵ı鿴Щ⣬ʫȷֵءЦκΣǲǸӵľϲ
Ƭ̣κΡͬʱ˵ȷǸӵľϲ
κһף˵ʫ͸ոһıʼһǳͬһ֣֮
ԶͷӦˣʦһλʦֱʡ
пˮ緽ãɽɫ՝档ӣױŨĨˡ֮ʫˣֻ»ͨĴʦʫʲ٣ʫһӴ֮ǾҪΪˡӣһˡ
κεûӴ֮ʫ֮УΪλʦ֮أ
Զҵ뵽һλʦⲻѽ
κε˵ʵ˵ҵһӦҲǳ֮֡ȷӦòܣǰ컹ھկû͵
ҿ⼸ݸӦСָİɣСֽйʡ
Զ۾һ˵ԶԣС֡
ֻиոյһҲˣּôһʫ֪ǳλʦ֣֮ʵ͡
ֻǣСֵĹԱ֮ȴ˵ӵʱûпݣҲ֪һʫһ˭ģ
ң̫࣬Ҳûע⽻˵ò
һʱûŪһʫһ˭ֱˡ
Զ̾һ˵ˣȲ˭ֱˣ֪ġڣȰһʫһչʾҰɡ
κεҲãǾչʾɣλʦȻԸ͸¶ݣӦҲѾֳˡ
ʱֳΧŷǳˣչʾչʾʫֳĸˣǧָѡģҲٮٮˡ
ȻڵչʾֻʱչʾĻЩѡеʫʡнһİźͲ߻
ʫУȻԡյ֮ߡ
ڶοΧչʾΧ۷׷ס
ֻʫһʫѡУѾ˴СʱˡҵǼʫ԰
ұϾרҵʫˣôʫٵȵȣҸоһʫѡѾԶˡ

ţֳλ֮һԶݸӣչʾǰ
ףôԹˣ¸ҪչʾҲԹ
Ӧò¸չʾոûȥ5000ǮĽǾӦû¸屻ѡС

Сţ㲻ԶչʾǰǺ⣿һһʲôϲµı顣
ɻţȴԶЦǺǵ˵λѣߴһõϢǸոյ˼õһʫһھչʾҿҹͬ͡
õһʫһֳԶһ˵һϲ׷˵ǸϿǿ
ԶЦЦеһʫһչʾϣһʫһʱǰ
Χڴ˴ȻֵĳɷݾӶ࣬ʫʡĺûҲֱܹġ
һʫһһֳܿʹ󾪺Ͳŵ
ӣʫʫҵĸ죡Ȼܹʫ
Ҳרҵʫоߣʫһİо컹꣬Ǽʷʩһʩ죬ŨױĨֱǾˡ
ʩһֶ֣ǼڲͻȻ֣Ǿ˵ơ
ֻʫҿǸҲͬǳ
ϧǾҲѹֻǺѶԳɡ

һʫһܿͽֳˣ׵ķ²ˡ
ܿ죬ַһʫһıʼһģһȻǳͬһֻ֣֮û
ôûأһʫһ˭Ϊû
ǰΪʲôû˭ģֳǴʦﰡ
ȥֳ˴ʦ

ֳ˷׷ѯʣԶȴֻܹЦ˵λѣҺʹһǳҪ֪һʫһ˭ʵϣյĸϣԭûҲ֪˭
Զһ˵ֳϸһ룬Ҳ˵ͷʱ֪ݡ
Ҳǡܹ˵Էһλʦ
ֻǣ˭أ



һǧһپʮ 
ϵʫʶռҲһĹע
ֳʫʰߣֳϡ
רҵʫ˲ʫᣬżЩרҵʫʫԣҲһȤζ
ҵĲǳ߰ȻѾǧݸ
ȷһǳĵطҪϣҲȥһԣ˵5000Ǯջء
ҵʫˮƽȷʵôǧݸѡ˲ʮݡȻڲ룬֡
סյ֮ǲҸоȻﵽרҵʫ˵ˮƽĻΪˡ

Ȼڹעֳָܹʲôʫյ֮˵Ѿľϲˡ
ԣǿһ׽ϳ꡷ʫʱأЩûзӦ
ȥǣ⡭ʲôʫʫӣױŨĨˣԵľ䰡
ʫֳֵģⲻܰɡ
ֳʲôôͻȻðôһʫĪֳ޿ܰǰ컹ڽŹء

ͻȻֵһʫϵʫʰʵһҲǶȻһ䣬ȡϲ˷ܵڶʫʰһ顣
֪ǣֳʲô飿ͻȻһʫԵĲ
ٺ٣Ҿֳֳûзʲô£ҲûʲôģͶͶʫѡŶˣһǳͬһ֣֮ϧ
һһΣϵʫʰǴΪȣһʫһƾô˭ֳӦ֪ɡ
ǣϵʫʰǷ׷ѯʣһʫһ˭ȲҪ֪𰸡
ֻǣǲûеõ𰸣ΪֳҲ֪𰸡
ûѵʱ֪ݣôԷӦʲôˡϵʫʰ뵽
Ȼʱ֪˭һʫһ֮ⳡϵӰȴѸ
ذذڽеֳ˾һʫһҸϽעĪҪ˻ᡣ
Уǻܳʲôʫ֮ǰעһ£õʫյ֮Ҳɡ
٣֮ǰڵɲһˡһλֳһʫһǰעԺڡ
е˼ҹעһ¡

ԽԽʫʰǣ˵ֳλһʫһ󣬴ź֮ķ׷׹ע
ǿһʫһ֮󣬶ʱһȻǾʫ
ȻȻһʫһѸٴ
ԽԽʫʰǣһʫһʱ򣬶˭Ȼ
ȻֳˣҲͬҪ֪˭
ôҪβ֪˭
ֳˣϴʫʰߣ⣬ǿҵĺģǵȤԽԽŨ
Ҫ˵ĿʫʺͶϣΪóΣҲҪģȫ·񡣡
ҲΪֻǣǰ컹ڽŹأ͵Բ󡣵ȻҲȫûпܡ
Źء뵽һ취ˣԱȱʼŹʫҾֳıʼӡʮ̡ûֳѣϽһʫһϴϣҿһʼĻıʼӦҲܹһȻҪĽԭ
Ҿֳܼ򵥣һʫһֱԭչʾġ˵ƯԵĴֱʡ
˵۾һֻҪλﲻ˴ʣôʼϣȷܹȷݡ
ֳ
ıʼֳ
֪Ƕûмıʼ˼ҸոѾϴϣӦúܿͻнˡ
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⵹ûУȷһʫһ
Ϊʲôȷܵԭ򰡣
ûԭҾȷ
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ΧȻǸ˵˵ԭ˭Ű
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˵ֳˡ
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ӣҲֻŵó

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Ҳ벻һȻܹõһʫһϲʵ̫ͻȻҲ̫޴ˡ
Զó绰㱨칫Σ¶˵һ¡
֮ǰĽ̩ɽĽŹؾڣԲټĽˡ
ЩʱҸþͻȻ

ֳ˷ܣʫʰҲͬ˷ܣû뵽ڡѡ֮ôһ͵ʫ
òʫһʫףʵ־ϲ
ΪʲôͻȻȻ棬Ҳûйھ⡣
ѣʵһ顣
ӣʣʫУһס
Ӵ֮ͽӽЩûȥʫʰǣ˲ô̾ȥһһһ

յ֮ϡ
ҡסԪ½ˣʱֳ֪ϵ
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ûпıʼҲΪûпݵĴ㡣
յһ·ϣһ·ϣյ̵۵ףò⡣
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ȻѾһҲܵǰЩͬ
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ߴĹںʱ򣬾ѾʼԿͷΪ
ԣǴʲôʱʼģѾѿ֤
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ʱӭĶ

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ҡסԪԼصе½һϲȻͿʼˡ
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ĵ΢ȷȷʵʵǹԤ棬顣
ڶǣҲͬڵһʱ˹ע
᯸ڵһʱͨ˵绰
᯸ô
ӳͷ˵İ鴫棬ɼⲿƷһ顯֣Ҳһ֮δơ;һ˵ԣⲿƷУԪصдӦò̫ࡣ
᯸ţҲΪġûйϵڵǵģⲿƷܸȤˡ
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᯸طʽȷЩ˼Ƕڵ˵ܶǶᣬԽԽϰصķʽˡ
ӵطʽ˵ûκġҲǹӹô
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֣Ц뷲˵İ鴫棬СڰⲿƷ˼ȥЩ˼
Ӧǹ˼ˣȵ쿴ɣһƷӿͷ֣ӦþܹһЩˡ

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ȷƷҸоЩ˼ң˵ˣ񻰰Ʒ
񻰰Ʒ̸֮
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ˣˣмˣҺܴ˿ָо

ߵʱڴУʱڵʮ΢ϸˣӴ桷ĵһ¡ǧ껯Ρ
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һǧһپʮ ߴѰ
Ӵ桷ĵһ¡ǧ껯Ρδ꣬һڶǱѾ˷ܲѣƷտƪѾʾⲿƷĲ
ģü㣬ǡüԹͷǳҶڸʡڣɽ۲ԶڴһµıӦþڸʡˡ
ǵͷڸʡѹ±ڸʡʵ
һǧ߰ٶյж۾һ֪ӵĹ¿ʼˡ
ڶü𶥣ʿ־һγʣеĶǼѡ
֮Լδʱ˷֮⣬Ϊһ֡
еĶ߶ע⵽ˣдǣֻ곪־ͱһδǿԳġ
ǱߣС˵дһγʣҿҲˣﲻκεļ¶
֪ǲдģЩʸͳ
ȻƷһȫִʦÿһ׸趼ǾԵľ䡣
Ʒг˳ʣǾܹġ
һδʱ˷ܣǻʲôĸо
еĶмȲҪ
ȻǲܵģôȰѽĸ¿˵
ʿ־˵һԸ쳾ʿ㻯
Ȼʿȴ˵Եδˣδܹշ
ν飬Ȼһǧ߰ٶǰһСͯľ֮
˵ȻñҪֻʱѾȥһǧ߰ٶ꣬СͯѾתʮֻأãã˺ֺδȥѰ
ʿ㻯˵ʱ׷ףԵǧᣬߴѰ
һ¡ǧ껯Ρ˽ʿ˵Ļжоһ㶡
ԵǧᣬߴѰѵ
ʿĻð죬ȥѰľˣ
ԾΪǰڹƶݡ
۹ȻΪ˵ңֻоȫ泩ңʵ̫ˣл
ޣԭΪѹ±ڸϣû뵽ȻԵǧᣬ仰䣬̫ˡ
Բݣһηˣǰһʫһ졶Ӵ桷Ĺ±Ҳˡ
ȥʲôѾǳˣҪӳˡ
꽫죬ȥѰľˣ̫ˬˣڴڴµڶ°
ǰ£̫ÿˣֱղܡ

һ䡰ߴѰжǵĿ⣬۽
ȻȫСĺֻЩֻһͨ
˵Ҷ뵽ټǰ
ôʿеġܹٷ֮ٵĿ϶

칫ѧ͵һ棬˵һǵˣʵ̫ˡ
ͨһ£ѧܹ϶ⲿӴ桷ƷԻһƽƷ
һƽƷĹ±ⲻʹ
ʱˣɻΪһŨĻ̣ǼΪġ
ѧΪ϶һ㣬Ҳ˼ԭ
˸мŵݷãֻǿϧδ͸¶齵һҾƵꡣ
ǰ죬绰ίıҪŰݷõ˼ֻίлˡ
ԶκΡҲͬ
һʫһѾǼΪ˷ܺˣȴ룬ָǸľϲ
ǶЩ֪αԼʱˡ

ˣˣˡ½˷ܵ˵Ѿ飬ܹ˷ˡ
Ҳû뵽ǰˣѾԸоˣӴ֮󣬽øӵĳ
ƷӰ½ʵǲ֪ۣλͨˡ
ֻ˵Щۡ
Ȼ͵վԼĹңȥ껭һŲѩͼ
ǰ˵Ǿ仰½ɵðһˣ˵ʲôʱдˡ
½ںȷţһȷдá

Ƶ귿
綼ǴϽڶµԣ⣬һҲ⡣
ǰǧľ䣬Ȼ޷ܵ
йʿᵽбҪ˵һ¡
ǰΪ45գʵڲǹ̶һ죬ٴĺ֮ҲǶĵ108죬ҡ
45Ϊڣǰ1935ġ
ʵϣڵĽںܳ45ǰ20ʱڣڡ



һǧ 
ϴ߸Ķ̫࣬Ҳûн飬һ£ѽƻȫ˳
Ǽһ£һȻȲĵ㿪ڶ¡ʧԡ
ڶ¸տʼʷһת˵ǮصĿδδĿȴرʮֵΡ
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ǮݹȻѾûʹãܶ˶֪ǮʷһֱݵأλñλĳһƬ򣬽
رǮòͷȫһҪץ׷ؿ
ķݣһܵһֺܵġ
ɱʫ飬־һ˵Ĵ򣬱ǮشԱѧͽ
ɣڶ˼һģƾ˰ɣ
ڶ¶꣬һڶǼĶ¡Ϊá
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ҹ﷢˵ټ˫һ֮󣬵ߣһ·׷
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ԭһɫԼ
ʷתܹʿ㻯Ǯأ׼죬ȥѰľˡ
ҪǮһסѡ岨ŵһׯ԰һׯ԰ĵط
һ򶷣ĵҪߣǶ֡
걾ɱԷֹΪĻڹ
ԸΪңԽƣص岨ŵķׯ԰
÷÷ׯ԰Ȼһ£һׯ԰
¿꣬˷ܣԽԽʣԽԽ˼ˡ
ᵽ岨ţʮų֮һֻ岨Աʷĳ
һڶǣһЩź
¿꣬Ƕڵ¸ڴΪ֮ھҪˡ
£ᡱ
ڴһ֮ڵɺͽ㡢һɨĹڹ;·ȥ棬ý㡢ȻȥԼһ˱һɡ
죬ʱڣʻʢ
Сͬ£ҲѰľˡ
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ʰΧ˴ʧꡢСˣװѰҶģߵԡ
ɿˣǷѰһ֧
ɶʶڶţ˾ԶԷĽ֮⡣
֮󣬰ꡢСɷֿСֶɽ˶βԣȷʵһƷֱˡ
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໥аĽ֮⣬һ֮İ鴫棬ǾҪӴĻˡ
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ҹưڼ֮ǰֻҵˣ֮뿪ȻУʿ쳾Ȼڣǲ뿪ˡ
϶뿪Ȼֻǣչ;֮ǰİ飬ǻἫļѡ
ΪѣŻᱻ֮Ϊ鴫
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УУȷʵУҸոһ£ڰ׵̶ˣһͷӰ׵̣һͷӱɽ·
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ţ˰ڶʶԺ󣬶ǻԽԽˡ
˵ţʵҲһ㣬ֻǾ˶֪ŲѩҲһе֪ġ
Ųѩȥܲѽô᲻أû˭֪ģ˵˵
ŲŲѩҲѳˡңŲѩ֮ѼϾѩĻ᲻࣬´ѩĻ١һ궼ѵüһεľ㣬ܳŹءȻűóˣȫһˡ
˵Ųѩҵ֪һЩҺʹ˵˵




һǧһ ʮ޵ͬ
ڵΪڶһڶȫ֪Ķš
֮ǰ߲֪ܶһţһЩȥӶ߹ˣ֪һš
ڣǶ֪ˣ֪ˣԶŲȤͺ棬ŵʲôӵģ
˵ʵһ㣬ŲѩԡŲѩҲ˺档
ȻڴȤǡӴ桷ĵ£Ҳǽµһˡ
£ʮ޵ͬɡֻ½˼
һ֮׼˴һǮ羰һ߷Ǯš
ϴҸոսС밶߲ãС˼Ѿ˴뿪ʹ콵꣬ȻڰߺңʾҪ
СϵɣŮӲ깤ߣæкϴҽߣŮӸϽϴ
Ůϴ֮ɲŷŮӣԭǲ֮ǰڶŮӡ
ЩٲΪǸŮȻĽ֮⡣
ϴСһζԳٴеĶ˷ܲѡ
ֻ
졣
ƣ̡
ԵǧᣬԵǣ
ʮ޵ͬɣ޵ùߡ
ǧѽѽ컯ͬǰ
ǧѽѽ컯ͬǰ

еĶȻ֪һʲô裬ʣǱ֪׸һǳĺ
С˵ͬʱ¸ĳ֣һڶ˵ǾǾϲеľϲҲѹִһ˼ˡ
¿ڳҽܵʱȻһγʡ
ֺģ漮Ǯмš
Ϊ壬ҩӪ
ҸĸʣѽϷء
ΰؼתˡ
֪λգΪҪ岨ţ
ʶͬһһ̡

СشɵѯʣȻһγʡ
С꣬ҾӸܽسǡ
үΪ򣬳۳ɳ
ϹͶˡ
˲Ͷס岨š
С黭
Сãĺ֪ѽ֪

γʣжڼѵͬʱһֲ²⣬ǱⲿƷں½ֳӦò١
Ҳ˵ʽΪһɫ
뵽˴еĶǸӼѾþûƳ¸ˣȴ룬ڡӴ桷ⲿƷУô¸衣
Щֻʣ֪һҪ֪ĸǴʡںϡ
ڴʺãǣȻͬҲãһҲͳˡ
еĶǣһּǿҵԸǾܹЩ
Ȼڣ»ڼ
ϴҡС˳ˮУȵ岨ţɻǰ꣬ʱ̫졣
岨żȻѾˣСҲҪ´ˣٸȥǮŲǡ
ʱҲˡ
ͰꡢСŮ´ǳĿͶŮԶŮ˺Զ֮Ȼûصȥ
ꡢСŮɵɵȻشϣС˼ٴҪģ
ɼ״ϲæܵꡢСŮǰԼɡݸŮ˵Ҫˣɡꡣ
ŮɵɡСֽ岨ŵסַɣѡʱȥǼȡɡ
˷ܲѣӦǡ
󣬰ꡢСŮɵɡ뿪ˣҲ»ص˴ϡ
±㵽еҲѾˡ
˽еأжǵ飬νǳ˷ܺͼ
ΪһƷԤƺģҪÿö࣬һεǣҶǡ
ҲΪһƷ¸֣Ʒںϣʵղܡ
еĶУ˷ܵҪݵĶߡ
ΪⲿƷĹ±Ǯغ
ǮҲڵݣҲڵһֽԽС
Ϊʲôѹ±ݺ
ȻΪǳ㹻
ΪˣʵǷǳҺͽлǴǲǷǳĽͼʣû£пΣݺӭǡ۹
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⡢ţصĶҧгݣֺް취
ʵϣĺĽ
ǣһطĶȴǲмǱǸʡĶǡ
±ȷݺȴǸʿСиԻС꣬ҾӸܽسǡ
ܽسǣǾڵĸʡʡǡ
⣬Ҹǡüɽõġ
ΪʲôܹõȻΪɽӵ㹻Ƕ츣ء
Ȼݵѿ϶ãֻϻ
ôʾһ£Ǹѽ۹𣿡
ռɱһỹ
ݵĶֻùԹԵķ䣬ϵǣǲǴ硣



һǧ Ʒеĸ
Ӵ桷ؽϣĶ۷׷ס
Уͬ˵ڣΪöǾ̾ϴСԳĸö͡
졣ƣ̡ʵ̫ˣ֪ôģʵ̫ˡ
ĴʣԵǧᣬԵǣʮ޵ͬɣ޵ùߡǧѽѽ컯ͬǰʮꡢꡢǧ̫꣬ˣ̫ϲˡ
ҵһۿδʵʱ򣬾ͳ׵ϲˣдʵ̫ˣƷ
ûһδʵ̫ϧֻдû֪ʲôʱŻƳϣһ㣬ʵǵȲˡ
ֻһΣС԰׳ʣҲͬȲҪ
΢ϣкܶ˶Ѱʸ飬֪᲻Ӧ
ţҲˣǿٶһЩȥʣʵ˶ˣӦûӦġ
еǴҾһȥ

еĶǶǳţƷֵЩʣһӵģһܹġ
ңһţ֮һǳĺ
ԭֻΪƷ
ǣҪЩΪжǹͬԸ
΢Ѿǿˢģʽ
ЩʲôʱƳ
󣬿뾡ƳʵǵȲ˰
ֱ𶼽ʲô֣ܲȸְ
Զԣ֪ҲǺõġ

Ƶ귿
΢ϣǶƷֵĸ˵Ȳ⡣
Щͺ½ֻҲȻˣټֶȫִʦĹ⻷ȻǳȲ
ʵϣԼҲǳϲЩЩ
ǰ°Ӵ桷ⲿƷƬβеĲƾԵľ䣬ᡣ
˾ĴȻȫ硣
ֻǣԭһʱ䣬Ƴġ
Ȼڣüƻ΢ıһˡ
΢һĥȻ˴㡣
ҪƳѾֵĲ׼ǧһءƬβ顷ҲһƳ
ȻƬβ顷ڽĸѾ֣ϴСԳĸ
ϴСһζԳҲƷŶ֮һ
ڣһŶΣǰӫĻķʽ֣ҲǰһŶ
С˵Ӵ桷汾ǸıǰӾ硶°Ӵ桷ȻҲ϶Ҫ磬ĳɵӾ硣
ΪӾӰԶС˵󣬱Ͼ˶ϲС˵
ȻˣǰϴСԳľŶһѡ
ңȻҪģԾٶһ㣬ǧһءҲĳMVʽƳ
ô͵ðԱҺãꡢСࡢɡϴȣеݡ飬̸ó⡭
ţȵƳȻҪ鷳̫ࡣ
ܹǰľ䣬֣鷳Ҳֵõġ
ȻЩɢȴӲ鷳࣬ȻҪȻҪá
ж⣬ȸһ΢ȻеģҪõĻӦȻҪǡ
ҺãҶԡӴ桷ⲿƷУֵĳʶǳȤ
ҲµöûдЩʵȷӣܹĸȻҶеҪôҲǰЩƳҾڴ
ҺߵĸӦϴСĶԳڴˣҿ͸¶һ£׸ĸ顷
顷ҲⲿƷУǳҪһ׸
⣬һ׷ǳҪĸڻûƷг֣׸ҲⲿƷ
ʲô֣ұܡ
ҲļΪҽ롶顷һڽƳҿԾڴ
󣬿һЩѾڲ²⣬ʻ᲻ǡӴ桷ⲿƷһɫ
ûȷʽᴩƷ
ԺصĹУ³ʵĳ֣ҶڵڶƳӦĸ
ţٸ͸¶һ㣬ڡ顷ҽֻǵƳ
ˣûˣôˣҾڴŶ
΢һǾͬһذըıըڶȦȦýȦ򣬶ξˡ
Ϊ΢Ϣʵǲ١
ȣڶ˵ȷˣЩʵȷĸ
֮ǰǼٿ϶վֻǲ²⣬ڵõĹٷϡ
ǻ֪ףĶĸϴСԳĸ顷
飬飬ɴе飡˵ļ¶



һǧ ̸
֪׸顷һڶҪ飬ԵøӵС
˷ܵǣˡ顷֮⣬Ƴһص
顷Ȼˣصֻʲôӵģ
еĶǣʵǷǳ͡
Ȼ⻹˷ܵģ͸©һ㣬˷ܵġ
顷ֻƳʲô˼Ѳ²⡣
Ǿ׸пܶMVʽƳ
񲻾˵ɶᣬꡢСࡢͬɣϴСԳȳпܳӫĻϣ
뵽һ㣬жǵ˼Ǽ
һ΢ˣԶԶֹͨĶǡ
Ȧڶർݡ֡ԱǣҲͬΪһ΢˼
ܹͬ²пܻ㡶顷MV
ôȻҪݡ顢Աֵȵȡ
ʲôҪMVһڵݡ֡ԱȻ⣬һ
κһƷκһ׸ž޴ӰýŸոտʼصġӴ桷˵
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˷ּ۲ͣ
ңڶңڡѧߵȵȣڹעⲿƷ
ˣ׷΢ϵԼĹ۵㡣
оͰʷѧ᯸ĻʷоֲӡȫЭ᳤ǰ֣ͯࡢǰС˵һȵһصĴ
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ڸ˵Ǿ͸˵ˣƷԳһ׻һףҾò˥
ңѾܳʱûƳ¸ˣ⽫ǧѷĺûᡣ
ԣһڵݡԱǴ׷ĥţҪβץסһλ᣿

Ƶ귿
ոһ΢³ȥ֮΢˲ȫһ
֮ǰѯʣ˸־ϲ˷ܡı
ͨЩˢµԣܹĸоＫȵ˷ܺͼ
ͬҲе˷ܺһΣ˵ֺ֧ڴһҪƷرǡ
⼴ǶԶǵΣҲǶǰƷΡ
һǵ֮˷ţҪȥһ
ȥ棬Ҫȥ칫Σ̸һ顣
칫ѧǰ˵绰ίıʾҪݷԸֻίлˡ
ոָѧ˵绰ͼ򵥵˵һ£ѧ˷ܵıʾȫ㹤ٴαʾҪŰݷá
ʾһӦŰݷá

칫ҡ
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Σ˵ҪԹ𣿡Զʵ
ѧͷţѾڹ·ˡȥݷģ˵¶ӦŰݷáҲѹܹȡ֮ߵĳɾͣӵ֮Ӱ
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ڹӴ£һӴӻڸ裬ͼӴ⣬ĸӿ첽
ǰֳλˡ
ʣµλӣؾǰ칫ѧˡ
ոƿӴҵĲţѧЦӭӭݹ٣ǰ칫ԡ
΢΢һЦѧ֣˵οˣӦҴ˲Ŷԡ
ѧһЦԶκΡ˷ֱһһһ֣˼䡣
֮󣬱˫ֿ˼֮󣬱̸档
ѧʾѡӴ桷ıѡݺԼҪظMVĪңȫ㹤
ѧʾ˸лͬʱԼƻ漰ľȷ飬ϸĸ֪ѧˡ
ѧٴʾȫû⣬ȫϡ
̸£һ죬˵Ϊдµһʫһ˵Ӵ桷˵һЩ顭
ĵķǳͶʱʱ㴫Ц֮
һСʱ֮ǡ



һǧ ׼ʱ
칫Ҹ뿪˳齵ľƵꡣ
̸㳡ˣǸΪҪģݡ顢ԱֵԱȷˡ
ּ򵥣þûΪӨѾͷдˣǧһء͸ˡ
ֻѾͷԸϷȻݰӣʵ
ǱҪƯǳƯҪзϰӵʡ
ȻݼҲҪǳãţһ룬ӨѾͷδʺˡ
ѾͷϾûݹϷݼû̫ġ
㹻ƯϰӵʣݼҪǳãһʱ֮䲢û뵽ʵѡ
⣬СɶҲǳҪԱҲȷ
ϴǼ򵥣ϾֻһϷҶݼҪҲߡ
еݺ;飬⵹ףõĵݲ٣ԸĵӦҲ١
ĿǰεĵǺɣǺڳġӢ۴ûʱƬΡ
ȵߵˣҲҪȥɻϣ԰ѹءӢ۴ѡǡ
ˣҪѰµĵݺԭҲġ
ΪҪĶܶ࣬Ҫиܹĵݡ
ţ绰ǡǺɴġ
һͨɵ㴫˹ϵܣϸҪϲѽӴ桷ոտʼأѾϵ׼ҪMV𣿡
ЦMVɣȷе˵ǵӾƬΡ
ɵԭϵ𣿡
ء
ɵϵһ΢֮Ȧܶ˶ڴѾʮλҵңҰ㣬лһλҶĺѣϸʵǲƳ١ңǡþݣϵҪҪ
԰⻹绰Ƽһλء
ɹһЦ˵⵹ˣԪϵӦҲʵȻ˵ϸԱ֤
ԪȷóƺƷ
ɵȷˣôϵܣҾͰϵʽˣϵ
õģллϸˡ
ԪóӾ㣬ڹڵͣȻҲ̫ߣڱȽ֪ĵӾ絼ݡ
Դˣ⣬ѡݣҪؼʵôܲĳЧ
ոչҶϺɵĵ绰Ƭ֮󣬵绰һһİ룬ӦþǹԪˡ
֮ͨ󣬹ȻˣԪԼã齵ľƵ棬֮ͨ
صƵ꣬ս֮УҡԪױˡ
ЦϵܣǱ߶̸˰ɣ
ͷţ̸ˣǱʾȫϡ
׵Ǿ˵һĺ£᲻ϣ͵֡
ԪҲûһ˸ˡ
һЦ˵Ҳ˫Ӯľ棬˵Ҳһĺ¡
ҵ⻰ҲûȻҪ㣬ôϵһλҪ߶ˣ
ͷȷǣǼƻ֮顣ڼȻѾ㣬ȻҪȵ֮뿪λϸأôŵģ
ЦԭǴͻؾǵġҲļƻˡϵһ죬һǳ֣Ǿⳡֺ뿪
һЦ˵á
ҡסԪ˾΢Цŵͷһθпޡ
ǰ죬ǰ죬֮ʱ˵а취ţڶʱڱó
ǵʱȻٻһЩǣҲǳɻ󣬲֪һƷڶʱڱó
ڣѾ֪˴𰸣һӴ桷Ʒ˽µ£Ѿţűóǳ顣
Ȼ黹û꣬˵ֻС˵ҪóܻҪһʱĳ
ǣǰڶŰѵӾƬѾֵĸ顷һص
ҪóԻں̵ܶʱʵ֡
ңʼġܶʱ䡱Ҫ̵öࡣ
Ҳ˾ȵ֮뿪һҪԭҪۼ֤ڼ̵ʱڣó漣ʱ̡
һĪ˷ܸС

Ԫڸ齾Ƶ;Уʮֵ˷ܺͼ
ֻΪӦ˺棬кܴĻᣬõεĵݻᡣ
ҪǣɸһβֻǵMVӾƬΡ
˼˵һεĺܹĻӦþͿԵõ󡶰Ӵ桷Ӿ絼ݵĻᡣ
ܹɹ㡶Ӵ桷Ӿ磬ôԻǣĿǰֲֳǺܳΪεľ档
ԣԪǳ˷ܺͼ



һǧ ṩõԴ
ʱԪ齵ľƵ꣬ǰ׼õİԪ
ǳңԪЩ˵
һЦ˵˵̫ˣҲǳҡ
˫֮ݸԪһļ˵˵һľ籾˵ȿһ
ԪһһˡȻ˫ֽӹݹļ˵õģȿһ
΢һţ籾Ȼֻ֮󣬿϶Ҫ˵һЩԼ뷨Լˡ
ĳ̶ֳ˵൱һοˡ
Ȼţһλ˵̫Ҫһš
Ҫ֪һλĵݿɲ٣вĴݡ
ֻҪųϢ˵ҪһݺԻкܶĵݣڵһʱ֪ݡ
Ϊɹϵã˵ȻҪץסһλᡣ
籾øԪȷһ㿼˼ԹԪӡ󲻴ѾĴ㣬ȻҲ籾ǡ
籾֮ǰոдģǼεӾڶѣҪʱ䡣
ԪѾӴ桷ǰ¿˶飬ҲȽϤ֮ǰ·ϣһֱﹹ˼鳡⡣
ڣľ籾мڣȴǰûеģôӦǺŻֵˡ
Ԫ΢һĥ⣬и֡
ַʽľ飬΢͸ôһ㣬͸һڶͣԺĹʼձ־ԵĿ
ûö೤ʱ䣬ԪѾ籾꣬˼Ƭ̣ԼһЩ뷨ԼϵĹ۵㣬Ϊϸĸ˵һ顣
һֱţ֣֮Ц˵˵ϣǺ졣
ԪϲæҲ֣һһ˵죬ҷǳҡ
ֵ˵߿оŶӣ
Ԫһϲ˵һҽκӰӵӰӹ˾ģĴǶӰӹ˾ĹӾ磬ϵǲݣҪκӰٴ̸һЩϵ顣
κӰ֪Ҫݷ󣬱Ҹ˵ҪӰӹ˾ĻǼκӰžԵĳ⣬ԸΪṩŶӡ
ͷҪ㣬ѡȻǣݱصӰӹ˾
ЩӰӹ˾֮ǰѾˣκӰӱеٮٮߡ
ڼκӰ˵ԸṩŶӣĿȻһá
׸MVѣҪĶԴһ飬һܻдرͶʡ
ͷ˵κӰھȥκӰһˡ
κӰӵ뷨ȻףԷԸṩŶӣҲȷһ飬Ҳȷǳг⡣
Ҳ飬ҪһӰӹ˾ڼȻӰ⣬ҲȥӰӹ˾ˡ
Ԫһ˵ҲǳϲκӰӹϵȻҲԸмκӰһ顣
һ뿪Ƶ꣬ǰκӰӡ
ȻѾӦ˶ǻᾡƳȻҪץʱ䡣
ԪȻҲһ㣬Ҳ￼βܹڱ֤ǰ£̵ܶڡ
·ϣԪѾǰκӰϵԣ߽κӰӵʱ򣬼κӰӵܾԬ֮Ե˴Ŵӭӡ
˵ӭλӭѽԬ֮Ц
æԬ̫ˣʵǲҵ
˫ֿ֮˼䣬Ȼһ˾ڲȥ
Ԭ֮ЦѡӴ桷ıѡǮغʵݵҡ˵һʱ䲻ݡǮءʣѾΪϵѴʡƷӰ̾Ϊֹ
Ԭ֮⻰ţݡǮءʣȷȻΪѴʡ
һ΢֮ȶȸವǡ
кܶ˲ϲС˵û˲ϲƷ
ҪƳµƷˣ顷Ӵ桷Ѿ֣һص
ӣϲС˵ˣΪ¸裬Ҳ׷׵㿪С˵Ӵ桷
ݡǮءŵʵȶȣವֱǡ
Ԭ֮˿ޣеЩ˼ѹ±ѡǮغǡߴ˵ı
Ȼѱѡѡʥõ¶ǡ
һЦ˵Ԭ̫ˣҰѹ±ѡʵ˫Ӯľ档
Ԭֵ֮̫ǫˣ̫ǫˡ
˫̸һ֮˵ϣԬ֮ʾκӰԸΪṩõԴŶӡױ䡢ԱԾȵȡ
ûоܾһ顣
Ԭ֮ûоܾҲǴϲһΣŷرͶʡ
κӰ̸֮󣬽ԱԾѡǵ¶ˣʱġ
Ծĵص㣬ȻڼκӰˡ



һǧ ѡԱ
κӰ̸֮һ˷齾Ƶꡣ
ʱ򣬼κӰͨٷ繫һϢ
˵κӰѾ˺Э飬СӴ桷Ĳ顷ԼӰMV㹤
ѾȷΪӾ絼ݣԪ
ѡԱҪɫΪꡢɡСࡢϴˡ
ԱԾʱ䣺
Ծص㣺κӰԾ
ص㣺
ʱԶѡǡװ͡ȹȫ̰ѹء
ӭλԱǰԾһԱȷϣٷڵһʱ⹫
κӰӵϢ֮͹ԪˣҲͨԼ΢Ϣתء
죬΢̬νǳĹע
һתأѾ˿ˣͨĶߡҡݡԱýߵȵȡ
ټϼκӰӡԪӰҲСκӰӹϢں̵ܶʱ֮ڣ㴫硣
ͬ˿Ϣ֮ȻŲһ顣
һ˼ĵһ̾û뵽ô˽ȵˡ
뵽ԪɵĹϵܲؾǺƼĹԪˡ
һʱ֮Ҳֻ̾ϢĽ
һڴԱǷǳϲǱǳģ᲻ֱѡԱ
Ҳûлˡ
ںˣ֪ûֱѡԱǹԱԾѡôԾĻᡣ
ȻٶҪ㹻죬Ȼ㵽Ծֳʱ˼ѾѡԱ
ݣǸõط
һڴֺʵԱǣ׷ѡڵһʱ䣬ԤķݵĻƱ
ȻݵԱǣȻҪˮ¥̨ȵˡ
û췽ʱҲʵһ֡
ֻרҵԱǣһЩӰѧԺѧǣҲͬ
֪ѡԱȲûЩĹ򣬿ֻݼԼɫϳ̶ȡ
δؾûлᡣ
һڸǾЩˣûйѡ֣ͱʾһεĸݳߣѾ˺ʵѡ
ƣ൱ơ
󣬶ͨĶ˵ֻ㹻˷뼤ˡ
顷صȻҪӰMVʽƳԱȵƳӵڴ
ң˵˻ᾡƳڵĶȻ
һʱ䲻Ѿȷ˵ݡӰӹ˾ѡԱĹҲȥˡ
춨ȻͿԽԱԾˣԾ˳Ļٹܹʽʼˡ
֮벥Զ
۹һεĶǳ찡ڴڴ̫ڴˣ
ٺ٣ƷӰǺ֮ЩӰӹ˾ݡԱ֮ģĽչȻھͿԾ˳˳ˣ
Ծ˵׼ҵʵԱ֮ǰҲûа취ֻԾܹ˳һЩ
˵˭ݰʣȿ϶ҪǳƯֲֻܽƯһĺԱҪǳ߰
ҸоӵԱңϧӨŮϷȻӨŮʵġ
˵ӨŮҵ˵ӰһεܽӴأҲǾŮ񼶱֮ӨŮδؾͻѷɫҾҲܺʡ
أǵȷǾԵŮֻЩڵ͵ء˳һɫ֮⣬ûٳݹκεĽɫκεŶûУֱӾʧ˴ڵνֵͻȻʧøͻȻ֡
صȷ֣ϧˣò׳һܹȼӨŮŮͻȻʧˣֹƵġ
شҾͲҪˣ⻹˭أԽŮʩǣݰӱ
ҾԱ飬ҾͲҪˡһҵʵԱġ
˵Ҳǣһ۽ľɡֿԿˣǼ


ʼأһرߵ׷ҵĵӰƬΣȦƼ¶
̶һʱ֮ڣ㷢ô飬һýĴš
һʱ֮űƵ
һƪƷϮӴ桷һأ׷Ƽ¶
Ӵ桷ĿǰΪֹһ£˵ɽõİ꣬ΪǰѰԼľˣҵ֮˻㺡
Ӵ桷±ѡǮݡǮءʣѴʡ
Ӵ桷ƷдĳʸǼ顷ԼӰMV
ѾݼκӰӡݹԪɺĿѾڹѡԱ
˴ԾԱǳ࣬ڶڸݼκӰӵ;С

Сýĸֱȿֺ



һǧ ʹϴ
ص齾ƵʱɫѾˣ뺫ҡסԪһԹ֮󣬱˷䡣
һЩæµǳ뵽ǰӾ硶°Ӵ桷ƬΣܿͽ֣ЩҲǳڴ
ʵϣڴĶǵ͡
ֻǲ֪ѡԱĹ̻᲻˳Ψһܱ֤顣
ǰ֥üΪɹҶͯͬľ֣СҲѷɫƾ䡣
֪᲻ҵ϶ȵԱ
ĥ飬˵غʺݰӣﵹһ
ѾͷŵȷʺϣݼҲû⣬ǲ֪Ծ֮ĸоô
ȻѾͷûȤǸδ֪
СӲʲôϣ
ĥһ֮ͨһƵ绰Ƶһ˯µˣ

ڶһ磬ȥ˼κӰӣһЩݵԱͻǰȥԾҪ԰ѹء
·ϣӵ칫ѧĵ绰
ҪʼѡԱ𣿡ѧ˵
ǰΣҪڡ
ѧôλϴԱû
ûأε˼ǣ
绰ѧһЦ˵ģԾһλϴ򡣲˵ʱҲӰֻǺΪԭû֮·ڿϷұԿʹһѡ
⻰Щ⣬ҲǳȤ칫Կʹϴȥƺܲ
ϴȻֻһϷȴƷľ侵ͷ֮һ沿ݼҪǲ͵ģѧܹܲݺãȷ
ܹݺãǵΪ
ЦҪʹȻǳĻӭ֪ʲôʱʱ䣿κӰԾһ¡
ѧУ͹ȥ
õģΣǼκӰӼ
˵绰ľȤ
ʱ˼κӰӣݹԪܾԬ֮Ѿȵˡ
໥к֮Ԭ֮˵ҪԱķװΡߵȣѾӽʱˣھȥΣ
һϲ˵Ԭܺʦˡ
Ԭ֮һЦ˵ˡǵķװʦڸװЩװεʱǿǣɾʮ㣬һûѽ
Ԭܹˣ˰
˵Ц䣬˷װƼ䣬Ԭ֮Ը˵Ҽ˰ЩװδһҪ޸ĵĵط
æӦһѡ˼ĸӣʱʹģȥˡ
ҪķװΣȻǸǰӾ硶°Ӵ桷棬ꡢɡС˵ķװġ
ƾһоͰվͺˡ
ȻҲǻеԵĸƣЩʱҲʵһЩʵĵ
ڵȴĹУԪ˵ѾмλԱһ͸Ϲˣڻױ仯ױЩװζûĻͿʽױˡ
ͷ˵칫ΣѧҲҪԾҪʹϴ򡣡
Ŷһ˵ԪԬ֮˶ȤԪ˵ҪԿʹ⵹˼ˡϴϷȻ࣬ҪȴǲͣλϷ𣿡
ЦԾ֮Чɡ˵ҲӰⲻ󡣡
ӰԪȤŨ˵⵹˼ˡ
˵ţλʱģѾ˳
۾һоܲаӡɡС༸˵ķװηǳĽӽ
ȻģҲĸҲŮġ
żģϸϸţԣǶżģķװϸϸ
ģرɫ΢죬һߵģ
ԪԬ֮ͬ۾װһƯһְӡСǿҼӸС
ɵķδһŮϣһС
ôûҪ޸ĵĵطԬ֮ʵ
˵ѾˣҶˡ
Ԭ֮ϲͺá
ԪԸ˵ôԾԱʽױ
˴Ӧһæµˡ
ԪԬ֮˳װƼ䡣
ȻȥԱԾԱױԾԬ֮ҲȻһ
ױļλԱϡԪ˵ţļݸ
ֽӹ˵鷳˵ˡ
󣬽λԱϸһ顣



һǧ ϲԵ
ױ
һױԱںЩţΪ֪ǵһԾԱ
ݼ21֮꣬ǰݹǽɫϷݾ࣬ҲûǩԼӰӹ˾˶㲻ϣ˵ˡ
һԾĽɫС࣬ʵʲôϣ
֮ǰԾһΪһûκεżҲõʲô
һ仰˵úãȥ˲һɹȥһɹ
žױʦΪԼױС࣬ݼԼûôƯֶһЩţҲûиոôˡ
ûãױʦ֪Գˡ
ҲǿеţױʦһЦýţǳͣ˵Ҳܺá
ҲǻױʦĻãݼԼûôˡ
һȻԾ

Ծ
Ԫ΢΢һЦ˵ݼýţİ಻ȡݳԼˮƽҪݵƬΣӵʱ׼
ݼæõģлл˵ȻһۣԱߵģһֱû˵ȴŵЦݵӣǾˡ
ݼȻֽӹֳԱݸģҪݵƬεľ籾
ɳ˴뿪Сʹ콵꣬ȻϺҵĳ
鲻ӣ̨Ҳ࣬ݼ֪ҪݺȴףԼȡӳԼˮƽ
ӵ׼ʱ䲢ݼʼԼıݡ
ݽ֮ԪԬ֮ڵķһ
ЩźоԼӦûϣˣոʽݵʱ򣬲ŷԼСɫںϣЩŤӦòʺСɫ
ȻԪһ˵ݼллıݣĽɫû⣬ݼҲû̫⣬ݵĸоСɫЩ롣ܱǸ
ݼ׼Ҳû̫ʧٴһ֮˵лл˵ллллԬܸҵԾᡣ
뿪Ծ˻ױ䡣
Ȼ֪ǣ뿪ӰȴǸһ˿Ц⡣
ݼıݣСں϶ȵȷߣһɫں϶ȣȥΪ
ȵǸɫѡǵʱ򣬵ǿȥԾ
ţһλԾԱѾˡ

ԱԾڽУǣҲ顣
ҷ׷ײ²⣬ԱԾӦѾʼˣǲ֪ûѾȷ˵Ա
ʱ䵽ʮʱ򣬴ҵ˼ȴ˲伯е΢ϡ
ΪӴ桷½ڵʱ䵽ˡ
Ѿ趨Զ£Եʱ䵽ʮʱ΢׼ʱˣӴ桷ĵڰ¡
ǵһ£Ժ׼ÿ׼ʱ¡
ȻҲųʱӸĿܡ
ĶǻһȲĵ㿪˽µ½ڡ
Ҳ֪½Ӻûһˣ᲻µĳʳ֣
жߵﶼǳڴ
˵ꡢСˣɵɡؼңҸǵסַҸʱȥ׸ûɡ
ɻص֮󣬶԰ǳҪûɡΪڣȥ岨˫׸Ұꡣ
ȻԼһСӣ䲻ϰ꣬ٳٲǰȥ
ڽ㡢ѧҽʦĹ£ڹǰ˰׸
Ȼ¶ĥСΪ˵ûеù˼ӶЩĸɣ˵Ѿ˼ҡ
⻰͸оһ㣬ججײײ뿪˰׸
ӣʵʵĵ˼ˡ
ˣǳۣСϽȥһ
鼸תɫ겻ɣȻڰ׸ײײ
ʱͻ꣬꣬С
УأԻģȴһɡĴɵͷϡ
תͷĿԡ
ʱȻ£˵ȴͬҪκε
νѽѽУɡý졣
׸ŵƽʡĻϲ£ϲԵ
ҹ֪ɵǿһҩ̣ˣɴȥ
ɶҽҩȻЩɵʱֱʾԼ֮᪻Ҳ֪һ˵ܹæ
ֻ곪
ˣˣģ
Ϊ޶˵
꣬꣬Ҳѧҽ
ΪϺݹ
ƿˮҴȱѽȱԣ
֣ѽģ
ҽʤࡣ
˱ȹѽȹˡ
ϲҲͬ
򳪷򳪣һ
档
ӣҲҽ
Ϻݹ
֪
һֵǧֵǧ𣡡



һǧ ҪסĳЩ
ɶҹ֮󣬽ҲѾ
еĶǣ޲÷ǳδǸоʵûпôͽˣػǲѽ
һ֮ϲԵΪôҸе⡣
뵽ⱾǣС˵ٳɣҲ
⣬ôʮڴĳʹȻֳˣҲֻһ
Уô˷ܵĳʣǽصĽβҲǰꡢɶˣҹʱĶԳ
һξ䳪ʣȻûӣҾɷǳ
ֶԳǾˣԽԽⲿƷˣѾ޷԰ˡھʲ˵ʱʱһ׸ң߰㣬ںɵĸ½ø£ƶڡⲿƷĸоʵ̫ˬˡ
ƷҲֻдִ϶Ǵʦˣܹдó
ǰΪⲿƷпܻһһ޶Ʒ֮󣬹ƶٴڶƵƷ԰һҪϧѽ
Բݣһ˵ǲӦãһЩҪȻ˾ûˡвУҪ¿һЩУʵǵȲ
ԽԽĸˣҲ֪ѡԱѡôˣ
أҲҪüʱ䣬ֲеԱݣԱǸϹȥԾҲҪʱ䲻ǡ


ѡԱȻһԤ֪£ʮԱԾԾɫĶУȴһûȷ
ȻԱʵǿԵģֻҪܸߣԱֻΪѡǡ
ʵûиʵѡˣῼǡ
׶λһԾߣ칫ѧ
ױ
ôΣоΣǺЦ
ѧž棬Լͷñ£ϵЩ׵ĺ룬һ˫ЬСȴĿţվڴͷøǼֱһʮϴ
оǺܲ
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ѧ໹Ƿǳģһǰ°Ӵ桷ӾϴļӸС
˵ȫû⣬ԾоҪǳ顷׸沿顣Ծʱ򣬼򵥳У͸ոҳɡ
ѧЦû⣬Ѿסˣڸоǳá
ҲЦɣھȥԾ
ѧͷһ߽Ծ
Ԫ˽ǺһЦ˵Σѽһϴ򡣡
ѧҲһЦ˵лл˵Ŀ϶ԼоҲ
˵Ц֮ѧʼԾ
Թ֮͹ԪоȻ΢һ覴ã϶Ȳ
ѧϾרҵԱ覴⡣
ڽѧϴһϷúõĴĦϰһ֮Ӧþûˡ
ôѧʹϴ֮£ǶˣҲȷһλԱˡ
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ȻѧݳǺѧڱݵʱҲҪ׼泪Ȼڵ޷ͬ
˵Σֵ֮߰Ѹ¼Ƴ֮ᷢ㡣ҪܣĪҪȥˡ
ѧЦģס
ʱҲ磬һԹ緹֮һȥ¼ҡ
Ҫѻûĸֻ顷͡ǧһءףһЩ
ȻЩһģ⵹ʡˡ

ݻ
ӨСܿ߳
СܿӨӨ㣬һҪߴ¼һ׸Ҫôʱ䣿
Өѹѹñأ˵ľɫôѵһΣȻҪúÿһˡ˵ˣҿǵҪúõĿסĳЩˡôŮԱԾһЩϲɦŪ˵ģһ㣬Щ˵߻ƶҪȥꡣ
Сܿͷ˵Ųأ˵ˣﻹбӨӨƯŮˣ￴ˡ
ӨƯŮ˶ȥˣ˵ˣЩ˻ûǺÿ˼ȴԱǸջĸϲԣÿˣӶʲô
СܿðɣֱȥκӰ𣿡
Өͷţȹȥɡ
Сܿȥг

ӨСܿ˸ոմ⳵뿪Ӵݻ߳һһС곤ʮģһʮҡ
곤˵ݣһʱûˡ
һЦȷʦϴʱѾһ֮ǰˡ



һǧһʮ ӫĻϻƯ
һݣȻҲ
곤ӽ˾ңǣҲһЩֻӰ
ǸΪϤϲģӫĻϵһЩڣ֪иƷ
ĸ٣ȴûһ㹻Ӱģõ˾ΪЩź
꽥𽥰еľҵϣ㳹׷ˡ
Ȼѽ£ûһӰĸʼǵ˾һ¡
ԽԽǾź
죬֪ƳӴ桷ĸ֮˼Ȼһ
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ǽĸʴУڣΪⲿƷһɫ϶һ޶Ʒ
ѾֵĸУ˾ϲıǡ顷ȻȴԿ䡣
Ҫݳһ׸ǿԸһȼ𣬱ôҲ޷Ϩ
ǣ˾ͨԼĹϵȡϵʽԼҪݳ顷׸֮е֡
ûоܾȻ˾ǰ
ԣ߳ݻĵ˾ΪЩһֱΪһ飬ҲҪźˡ
ʮҵӽ½Ԫǵ˾֣Ѿ˾꣬Ҳ֪˾еĺ¡
ڣȵ˾ӵļ˵ʦֱȥκӰ𣿡
˾Цţֱȥʵ˵ѾЩȲˡ

κӰӡ
¼ѾӵİȫɣԱԾҲѾʼ
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˵絽һ̣ϣܾͻһ֡
κӰӴŴӨСܿҲѾˡ
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Ө˰ɣҪ֪ԾһͨˣǿɱȺܶ̫ࡣ
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͵͵һЦ˵ӦԾʹȥԸ˵ҪֱӴȥ
ӨƲֹһʲôСܿӶû
Ծ⣬濴˿ûԱԾ˵ӨС㣬΢һ£ȥ˵
Өͷõģ鷳ˡ
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ܿ죬һ˳ʩһ֮뿪
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һЦ˵ôǽȥɣƼලһλԱҪϳˡ
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Ԫ֪ӨҪӨһһҲ֡
ֻкЩ޺;ȣӨȻӫĻϿŻƯ
һ˵ҶӫĻϵ˺ÿӨȴǷ֮ԪкǸп
ʵϣӨѾǶ߾ǣʵмӨȴ١
ΪӨ˳֮⣬ڹǰ¶棬Ĺ棬Ҳμκλͨ棬һ߾Уլһλ
ܿ죬һλԾԱԱߵӨԵһ㶡
ܿ͵˹ӨΪʲôԱߣȻӦùĵ⡣
Ҳ֪ӨϷҲõӨɫ
С£26꣬ǣҲЩˣ˿Ҳ١
Ѿ26꣬ûкõĻǵȼϣǺдͻˡ



һǧһʮһ 
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Ԫݼûʲô⣬ɫں϶ȲһЩ뱸ѡ
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ɣԪһ㶣ԱߵӨҲһɻ󣬴۾Ͽȥ
ɣΰԹԵ˵һ䣬ȻϸԺ룬ոС±ݵ龰
㻹˵ƺôһ˼
˵˼ǣС·ɣ
һԣȻǰҪԼҲԸ⣬һ
С˵С£ݼûʲô⣬ȻнĿռ䡣ֻǣСɫں϶΢һЩҺ͹˵ոһ£ΪԣԷһɵĽɫ벻ЧԼһ£֮ǽ
ɣСһ㶣ĵһǾܾġ
ɫ䲻˵жɫҲԲȥһԽɫô¶
Ҫ֪͹װӾгġŮװűʵ𣬸Ͳһ¶
ܵҪֻܾǻߣסˣȻøࡣ
ոڻױʱһϢǱһMVɹֱӵõݵӾ磬Ӵ桷ӦɫĻᡣ
ҲӿԾܹͨԭţӾ硶Ӵ桷ӰԲС
ɣһŮȥ˵ĽɫǣȫĵӾ磬ǿٵصͷһΡ
ɹˣһ޶Ĵڣǲ͡
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ľһӻֻһΡ
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²κγɵ˵˵ллǣԸⳢԣһŬġ
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˾æҵҵ겻裬ֻĪҪʧźáʹˣЩȴʼշŲ£λЦˡ
ʦ̫ǫˣһңǻкܶණҪѧϰء
һ˵һ¼ң顷ĸʡס˵˾
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ȻʲôʱῴۣھͿԾĸоˡ
Өһֹۣɪ



һǧһʮ ˶ɻ
ԪӨˣСµİ޲ѣСԼҲǳȺ⡣
ոڻױʱ򣬿žԼİ࣬С¶һЩԼԭԼŴױȻ˵ĺÿ
Ҫǣڰ֮ĸоȻ֮ǰСʱĸоҪá
ѵԼķǳʺϰɣСͻȻ֮÷ǳţҲǳļ
оɫӦûʲôˡ
ȻڵڶԾʱ򣬸оǳĺãƺɫںһ
ڶԾһĵŽ
ֻԪһЦ˵ããǳãɫΪһ㡣С£ھʽ֪ͨ㣬һɫݡ
ܺţԪ˵СȻƲסľϲͼ˵лл˵ллһᾡȫݺɫ
Ԫͷǳãȥжױɡ
С˵˼лĻ֮뿪Ծױ䣬Ȼ˷뼤ȴʼƽ
С뿪֮ӨЦôǲľϲ
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۹⵱ǼΪ
Ȼ룬ȴ˵ӨװһɫģƲаɣҲǾϲ
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һǵԱȷҲΪ˷ܣλҪɫȷһλˡ
ԪȻҲͬˣЦһȫ۹뷨󵨣ȻǻҪѸʱ䡣ܹҵС¸ʵġ
˵ˣаӺСԱϣܿЩҵѽ
ԪͷȷϣܹЩҵʵ˵ѾȲҪˡ
ԱǵԾڼκӰҲͨٷʽ繫ˣĿǰΪֹԱѡ
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ɵԱҲѾȷӰԱС³ݡ
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СΪǣ˶֪ģǲ֪ˣһС¡֣ҲŮԱ֣һŮԱһǣʲô
۷׷ס
С£ӦþС°ɣɣʲôѵǹٷĹдˣݵĲɣǰӻСࣿ
Уôشôд˵Ҳתˣܻд
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ҲǣôΪʲôС³ɣ֡
ȷ֣ȻݣǾͿ϶еġ
еҲְ

ֻͨɻȦһԱҲͬɻ
С³ɣģҸ˼ǣȻͨԾˣ͹˵Ȼͨˡ
˵СʼԾĽɫС࣬ûͨԷһǵġ
ģ⡭ѵĺܺʣ
֪Ȼ鷴ģӦúʰɡ
Ӵ桷ⲿƷһ޶ɫҲҪһ޶ˣ·˿

˶ɻΨڼκӰģһý˷ܲѡ
֮Ϊ˵ȴмֵš
Ҫ֪ѡԱһ£ȦĽ¼˵ʲôʱľϲ
ڣľϲ˵ˣС£һŮԱɣţ뵱ļֵ
ԣС߳κӰӴŵʱ̾ͱһý߰ΧУǹڲ
СС㣬뵽Ҫһǵģ
СС㣬ͨԾģ
͹˵εģΪʲôͨԾ
ɹһǣûʲô˵ģ

࣬СļһôõǣܹĴ
һʱ֮䣬ЩţΪ˷ܡ



һǧһʮ ¼Ƹ
κӰӼֳ̫࣬΢Щңæ˼λԱǰά
С¼ֳȶ΢΢һæλԱ˵ллȻͼǸոյʣͳһ˻ش
ҺãҵҪǼ㣬ôҾͳһشˡʵԼ뵽Ҫȥһǵġ
ʼԾĽɫСֻ࣬ǲûͨҵԾ֮󣬽ҳԷһǡ
ҸտʼЩɣ뵽Ȼҳԣô˵Ŀԡ
ԣұȥˡЧϵĺãõ͹˵һϿɡ
ں˷ܣҲܼԳɫѾȲһᾡŬȥݺɫ͹˵ΣҲǵڴ
ŵʱǣҲһϲݵһǵġ

С»ش֮ڰԱĻ뿪һýǣ͵ظ
û೤ʱ䣬ýǵıѾǵأȦһԱǣصı֮󣬾ȻˣȻС£Էһǵġ뷨ǳĴ󵨣һСȻնգǿɾһˡ
ʵϣԱǶΪӦûһУֻΪǸ
ôлУ֮Ӧþͻдˡ
һԱѾĿԴ׼
һͨĶǣڿصı֮˼Ȼͬ
С»С£˵ôôһеġ
ȻС£ԷһǵģȻͬˡ
ҹȻȻɻ󣬵ɻͬʱѾʮֵڴ
һŮȥɣһ룬ƺǳȤ
С»ݳһʲôӵɣƺһԱȥݣӵڴ
޲㵵ķ֣һǶȥС³һǣȻʮֵڴ

κӰԾеԱѾԾ꣬ɺϴ֮⣬ӺС࣬ûҵʵԱ
ܹҵɵԱѾʮֵˡ
Ԫ˾Ϊĸˡ
ԱԾ֮Ө߽¼
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˾ͬһƣ״̬ʼݳ
һգժ¼ŵ˾֮Ĵָ˵ʦĳ꣬һ׸յķǳѾ¼ˡʽ¼ƣʦΣ
˾Цš
ͷôʦˡֶӨ˵ӨӨҲϽһٻȥ
ðɣ֪ˡӨһʮֹɵģȻ߽¼ҡ
ӨӨ㣬ͣСܿûΪӨ͡
͵˾һ߳¼˽̸һ֮󣬵˾뿪ص¼Ө
ڳ裬ӨѾԽԽᳵ·¸ַǳ֮飬Ѿˡ
Ǽ֮ûˣѾʽ¼ơ
Ȼõȵȥˡ
߰ɣȥԷˣ극ؾƵꡣӨСܿ˵
߳κӰӣɫѾѾˡ
ڸһҷԹ˴ֱӻص齵ľƵꡣ
ӨСܿȻҲס÷ԱֱӨСܿһ䷿䡣֮ҲԼķ䡣
ڷϵϢӨڷƵ绰ĵĿνǳĿĺͶ롣

һҹ޻ڶɫԹ緹֮ӨСܿ˼κӰӣԪ˾ҲѾˡ
磬ԱԾ֮⣬ԡ顷͡ǧһء׸ʽ¼ơ
ĲʣҪȵԱȫȷ֮󣬲ŻῪʼ¼ơ
ЩҲֻԵʽƳ
ȿʼ¼ƸⲻҪʱ䣬ǵ˾Өϰ֮󣬶ѾѸյ÷ǳˡ
˶Գ顷֮ʱһʱ΢һоڶѾӽֱͨ
ӨġǧһءֻѾͨ
¼֮󣬵˾ǳĸпҲм
֮ǰѾȷϡ顷׸裬һзǳӰڿָ֮ӵȷˡ
ڣ¼֮Ǹӵȷˣĺڲź˾ֻим
ʾ뿪ݣҪȵ֮󣬲Ż뿪
죬һҪȥһ
ԴˣȻǳĻӭ



һǧһʮ ȷһλԱ
¼֮ӨȥԾԱǵԾѾʼ
һλԱһλԱԾԱֱ˲٣иԱϵμԾ
Ԫ˶ԽԾǷǳڴġ
С˵Աϣܹȷһ˰ɡ
ʱ䵽ʮʱ˷ܵʱˡ
Ӵ桷ؼͬ¸£Ȼе٣ҲҪȵ֮ٱԹǡ
˵ϲԵҪһҩ̼ˡ
Ĺ¼Ҫһҩ̣ȻȴûбǮ޷档
֪󣬾ӰɣֻҲվû
ǣָʹСٴȥſⷿȡһǧ
һӣΪɿҩ̵ı
֮վӣȻ󷵻ǮŽļС
ſٴʧԣŭͷư
صУȻɴӣҹʧԵĿԣֻýץ鰸
Ŵ֮ϣԸ˵ĿӺζۿžҪƤ֮ࡣ
ҵС༰ʱϵʹȥƤִ֮࣬ɣʵʵ˵
֮˵ĿӸģҴŹٸ岨Ű׸ڣҵľŰ
գСĸԤ֮£ɱᷢ䣬ǮзѺ꣬ڲ޹ʷǮء
С˲֪зĽֻ֪ɱţѾѺǮء
Сȥɵ䣬Լż죬͵ǰɡᡣ
뵽ΪһĿȴѡ
ֻһߴᣬһ߸ɡ
ַ磬ɡý졣
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ͬѽѽãһֽɡڽݡ
ѽѽӷ磬־硣
˭֪ѽѽǵ꣬Сͯ
СͯѽСͯѽԼͬ
ָ޺˳Ѷ˭֪̫Ҵҡ
ѽѽᣬꣿ
ѽѽᣬꣿ

Űһģĳʣؽ
ؿνͻ䣬˸ողŶ򣬽ɲ֣֮Ǳꡣ
ڹղʮʲôɽˮĻ֮أǲǮķ֮أһڶ΢΢һ
ڽص󣬰괹һγʣеĶһ̾
شʱİ϶ǳĺڣӦСȥȡ
Ȼ¶ˣһʵԼɵģܵһѣҲһɵġ
еĺʹ֪࣬
ҲѹḧɡԼһַ磬Уɡý죬Եɡ
ɡڣȴ֪ŵ˺εأ
һγʣȻдüãеĶ͡

еĶǣظпѣκӰԾԱǵԾҲȻڼ
Ҳ͹ԪҪ̫ߵԵʣһ磬ʮԱԾȻûҵʵѡ
Թ緹֮˵ȴʮֲ
ڼʮλԾԱУҵ˳СһǵԱ
λԱ㣬25꣬ǣԾСһǣ˵ĸоǳںϣԪ˾ʮֵϲȷһˣֻʣ°ӵԱˡ
ȻӵԱҲҵģ֮ǰҲãСҲգҵСº֮ǰٻҵ˱ȽԱΪѡ
ȻӵԱȴȽıѡûС
ԾӵԱҲˣȴһΪѡԱûУ͹ԪΪͷۡ
ȥҪҵİԱҪٵʱ䡣
Ȼƫƫͷۡ
һȷСһ֮󣬼κӰҲڵһʱ繫Ϣ
ȻһƬ飬ΪǣѾпǰĴˣӵŴķ˿
ķ˿ʮ˷ܣһγСһǣԻʢøķ˿
˿Ƿ׷΢ףأȦһںǣҲͬʾףغĽ
㱾ȻҲʮֵ˷ܣ˶ýĲɷãԼ΢д˳ĸԡ
һлԪ˵ΣһҲϲӴ桷Ķǳŵ˵ԼһᾡȫݺСһǣö߾ڴ
һ΢ԣΪӮ˲µķ˿Ǽ

һƬ飬ԱԾҲѾȫӨСܿԹ֮ٴλص齵ľƵꡣ



һǧһʮ ְĽ
Ƶ귿
ϢйءӴ桷Ϣǳ࣬иýıǵ΢ͨǵ۵ȵȡ
Ϣͨǵۡ
ҳ۽µ½֮⣬ҲԡӴ桷Աѡȸע
ڣĸҪУֻаӵԱûѡ˷ֵǡ
˷ֻܵӵԱˣѡ֮Ϳʽˡ
ǵǡǡҲһ㣬Ȼʹ֮ǰһӵԱȻҵġ
Ҫҵ͹ԪİԱ֪Ҫٵʱء
ֻӵԱˣҲѰҵģϣܹҵĸֳ͵¸裬ʵ̫ܹտˡ
Ҫ˵֮ǰ˵ģظоӦûʺϣֻӦòûǰԾ
ֻϧ̫ˣһ֮󣬱㳹׵ʧˣǲܻȥԾġ
ʵǿԽطԾ룬˵ҲᣬԲһ˵ؾͽء
Ѿ΢Խˣǲ֪᲻ᷢ룿
ҾðɣһĵȴͺˣȥɡҲǾغʣòء
û£ֻǽһ°ˣǲʣҲǡҪ̫ϣ㿪ˡ
⵹ҲǣϣҵӵԱ


ħһסԢڡ
һΪƯŮһһ˵أкܶ˶˵ʺݰ꣬Ҳͦʺϵģ㲻һ㲻ǺϲӴ桷ⲿƷ𡣡
ĵɳϵֻ޳ģϢգɢ޾ջ
ֹֻǺϲҲϲӣҲŲҪȥء
֮ǰŮֵΪʲôԱ̫ܣû£ɵԱС£Ҳûϵǡ˵ƷӰǳġ
صӰô˭һְĽ㡭Ҳȥ
֮ǰŮɻְĽʲô飿ôְˣ˵ݰʲôϵ
صǽӸôȥ
֮ǰŮӵΪҲϲⲿƷϲӰñȥݰӣ˵ƻ˰е󡣻ʣôƯݼֺãֱǻѵİӰأһȤûУ
صȤȻУֻǡţԺٸ˵

齵ľƵ귿
ŲٵĶᵽأҲ룬ǵȷѾͷһԾֻǲ֪ѾͷûȤ
ţֱһţó绰ش绰ûиش绰ֱӴȥ᲻᲻ã
ţӨѾͷʰɣǹϵáǣӨ˸绰ӨԼķһ¡
֮ӨŽЩɵĿ
ЦЦ˵ѾͷݰΣ
ӨͷҸоУҿҲкö˵ʣԾ
ţҲоӦúʡ
Өðɣ֪ҹˣһʰɡ
˵֮Өֹһ䣬Ųͨصĵ绰
ͨ绰֮Ө߳˷䣬ȻǵĶԻݡ
ЩźʵȤһ֮˵Щʲô
֮Ө˽ǺɵĿ˵ǲʲôʱˣ
⻰ͬɻ˵ôܣҶûأôܵ
Өģô˵һְĽ򣿡
ְĽ򣿡һ˵ﲻְˣѾͷ˵ʲôأһ
Өȴæ֪˵һ룬úõһ룬ǲʲô
Ҳˣ˵ʲô㶼ûţʲô
ӨȴţֵûУ
ն˵һûСȴͻȻһ㶣Ҳ
ǱӹݣطǳϲӹǼС˵ƷΨһݹĽɫǡһεܽӴ
ϲӹƷȴһֱûиǹӹʱҪӹݡ
ȻĿǣվصĽǶȣ˵ȷ
ֱڣûأǹӹ
Ȼؿ϶֪ӹݣȻҲ˵ˡ
Сӣǿɲʲô£úúòȲȣ뵽



һǧһʮ ѽ
Өһֱɫ죬˵ѽʲô飿
һ˵ûиҡӹݰɡ
Өɻ£֪ӹŶ֪ˣһǴӱ֪ӹݵġѹأ
ͷ˵Ӧþ¶ɣûʲôˡ˵֪ˣԸ취ȣȤĻ͸ϽԾ
Өͷðɣٺ˵˵
˵ֳ꣬ȥ绰ȥˡ
֮ӨٶȽ˵˵취ȵķϣԸԾͦϲӵġ
ɫһϲ˵ϲͺã·עⰲȫǵ

ħһסԢڡ
طµ绰ƺܲ˵ٻٻҪȥݣ㲻ȥ
ٻٻŮӣ֮ǰŮӣ˵ȵȣȥݵ˵ոڵ绰˵Ľ˭ôо˵ǡ˵ǡϽ˵
˸˵оǸˡ
ҿٻٻ̲סһ䡰ҿȻ˼˵ѣ
ص㷴Ӧôô𣿡
ҿأôҪ飬ȻһֱûиңٻٻȻܴ
ֹʲô˵
ٻٻǡŭ塱һһĹĵģ
ؼ״ĵӦģҲ֪ˣͲҪ
ٻٻǲ˵˼һ˵ȥȥݣȥҿֻһ˵ĻƱ˰
ٻٻ˵ȥȥҪȥ
ؽһЦֵҶƱˡ

һҹ޻ڶ124ա
ӨСܿˣȥ˼κӰӡ
Ԫ˵ƺܲĪʲôϲ£
һЦ˵ȷϲ£ҪԾ
أԪһ㶣˵ǳݵӰһεܽӴ棬һǵأ
ͷǡ
ԪҲǴϲ˵ܹϵ̫ˣоȷȽʺϡȻǵԾ֮ȷϡˣʲôʱ
ӵӰɡ
ԪͷǾ̫ˣҲҪҵİӡ̫أܶݡƬҪϷϵϣֱӱܾˡҶڲ²⣬ŷͬһıϷֻΪѡȴܰԾʵ
һЦ˵˵ˣֻ԰ɫȤѣȻҲ˵
Ԫһ˵һʣ⻰ʲô˼ѵغϤ
Ȼɻ󣬹Ԫȴǲûпѯʡ
ԾʼǰμԾԱϳʱҲһһȥ
ʱ֣ԾԱѾȫԾ꣬˱Ƚź

ʱݻȴ߳ŮӣһѾŮˣһŮӱȽвˡ
ŮأǸٻٻŮӣٻ
ٻ˵ھȥ𣿡
صͷȻȥˣ⻹ҪȥԾܲͨһء
ٻ϶ûģȻҲȥԾǡ
ֹ˭֪أֱӴȥ
Сʱ֮ءٻŮ˼κӰӴŲԶ
ٻңңĿżκӰӴţЩӵ˵أеš
صɶһǵһμ֮ǰҲû
ٻ۵ҵĴС㣬ҺͲһ𣿻˵ſЩӦý߰ɣôôֱࣿӹȥ϶ᱻϳġ
صû£ñӺīϲ˵ٴһСǣǹƿÿһۡ
ٻֹȷֻǣһ֣Ի˲ΪǲɷõĽ㣬òã

κӰڣԾδʽʼԪӨԾϢ
ӨˣѾ˴ţȥ
ɫһϲæߣߣҺһ𡣡
Өȴ㲻ȥһӹġ
ʼ磬˵ðɣǡ
ӨһЦת߳Ծ
ΪΣԪµĿţϹŵЦ⡣
ż֮Ө߽ԾȻֻһˣŮӺһ
һŮӸӨһߣҲӨջҪѷôһ㣬Ȼˡ
һ԰һЩŮӣҲͬŮģֻǺӨضŮвˣصĹѡ
ؽæӭǰȥǹһЦȻǳ˵ѽ·˰ɣϢһ
һ˫ĿµĴȴδıĽ򣬱ڳһŭߺߵģԱʾԼǰĲ
ɿ˵飬ŭߺߵģȴǰڲˡ



һǧһʮ Ϊ
ذڲŭߺߵģֻƲߺԱʾԼˣȻǺġ
ˣһԵٻȴġ顱Щһ˫ĿͬڲͣĴ
ͻȻĿ⳯æҵĶ㿪ɫˢһЩ졣
ȷڿٻȻǹһЦ˵λŮصѰɣһ·ˣӭӭѽ
ٻû뵽˵һʱ֮˷ǽţЩ˵ãҽٻһġ
ͷллˣһҲҪһЩ
ðֱֹ˵ĺ
ٺһЦֵذߣǹȥ˵
ߵԪǰ΢΢һʩӯӯһЦ˵˵ãأԾһǵġ
ԪһЦ˵ӭӭҲСһֱѰҵİӡС㾹ȻӫĻϿŻҪƯܼС㣬Ҳǳҡ
Ԫипѽһ˱ӫĻϸƯӨһء
Ůƽվһ𣬾ķ羰
ЩɻغĹϵƺܲһ㣬ظոһߺߵģκ˶óǽֻǱ
صлл˵˵̫佱ˡ
ԪֵûûУʵʵ˵
Өغٻȥ˻ױ䣬ԪЩɻʵظĹϵƺܲһ㣬ðһ£֮ʲôϵ𣿡
һЦЩ˵Ѿͷúһ򡯡
򣿡Ԫһ㶣ܿ췴Ӧػһ㣿
ţ׽㣬Ǳ㡣
ԪͷԭˣģҲϢ͸¶ġ
ͷϢ᲻й¶ȥʵ⣬ȻҲԪ͸¶ѾͷȻ͸Ӳˡ
Ƭ̣ԪЩص˵ƯĽ㶨ȻҲɣ
ͷȻǳƯ
ԪƺЩĽĽ
Ϊ⣬ãã
˵ţǰ֪ˣĵһԾԱϾҪˡ
˾ǵͷԾʽʼһԱأػױ
һλԾԱݼҲû̫⣬Ȼں϶Щǿ⡣
ڼλԱԾ֮ڵس۾ʱǾϲ
Ҳ˵ݼʵ̫ˣİӡ
Өоޣ˵ʵ̫ƯˣǱСˡ
룬ȻɵȴС£ЩǰԾɵԱǣذݵİ֮󣬹ƻСº޵ҧгݰɣҲȤ
ԪӨ˾ޣҲΪ⣬ԭתһȦȻ˵Σ
ȿȣһ˵УǸذϽʼıݰɣֻǰûǲġ
һŭĵһֹۣʼͿʼ
ԪĽѣһ˾ɫСӣӦһǳҸɡ
ؿʼԼԾݣ˵Աһ˵ôؾԾ֮һ
ûжϷݼȴǼΪףһһЦŭ֮䣬ӿ̻÷ǳ񣬾ͷ·ݰӣǸѰҾ˵İӡ
ݽԪƲס޵̫ˣݸС㣬ʵ̫ˡ
ҲΪˣ˵лл˵Ŀ϶ȻֿԴһ˿ɱ˼ԣΪι˵˼ȴûʲôӦ
ȻҲܼԱѡˣڿԿˡΪһţҲһɣԹŲСΪһ˵⡰ΪӦҲ˵ùȥɣôҲһ㲻ǡ
ȻñĻҪǹ˵ţúҲܽ󻹵øӵŬҪһ
ڣδ˵꣬һԵӨȴǡ͡һЦЦĿһۣ˵ԲҲǹġ˵ûУ
Ҳֱͬ˵˵˵Ҫжױȥˡ
һֱڳٻ첻ס͵Цԭô˼
һȻ˵ȥˣֻһȣ˵ˣˣжױȥɡ
ءӨٻŮЦױȥ
ԪҲЦ⣬˵ӣһǳְĽ򡣡
һЦ˵˵ˣˡ


һǧһʮ ǷȺԱ
κӰԾ
еԱѾȷϣԱǵԾȻҲȫ
Ԫ˾ʮָˣڱˡ
˵ĹƣһεҪʱ䡣
⼸ʱ䣬ѡԱͬʱҲͬŹ׼
׼Ҳòˡ
˵һε㣬ҪȺԱΪҪֳ£֯ľܹܲһЩʹȺԱʹһε塣룬Դ˸ȤĶߣӦò
Ԫ۾һ˵ΪȫԣȺԱǴûݹϷˣҲܹʹġ
ǳɣҴ΢ϹϢ͵ǵһָˡ
ʱ칫ѧҲӦԾ
ѧЦ˵ӵԱѾҵϲϲ˰ȻҲҪϲԼڿԿˡʵ˵ѾȲˡ
͹ԪͬʱЦˡ
˵Цһ̸档
λ4ţǰڶ6ź7ţǡգλΣ
ѧԪ˾ʾû
֮ѧֵȻѾȷڣ߻ǰ׼ͬʱҲ繫Ϣţοһᴴʷ¸ߣ˵߳١
ȻҲṫӦϢ

˻һЩϸڣκӰȽ繫Ϣ
һϢһǵԱѾȷǳݹһεܽӴ棬һǵء
ڶϢҲѾȷΪ126գ127졣
͹Ԫ˵΢ҲͬϢתء
ϢһʱΪ˾ԵĽ㡣
ȦһڵݡԱȣͨĶǣ޲سݰһǲ첻ѡ
һ֮󣬱㳹伣ٴݡƬҪõأȻٴγ˴ڵǰ
ΪԭЩضܵĴݡƬǣĽƲѣվǲȡ
ȻֻһСǣɫգ·ԼصִԣʹصС
һһǵԱǣھ֮࣬ҲΨһ̾ϢźȻرУǾ˵ıʺϡ
û˻ʲôĻ֮ģôܻʲôĻ
ҪĨڣҲܻš
һͨĶǣھ֮࣬Ʋס˷뼤
Ȼأ̫⣬̫̼ˣ
ҿȻأʵǲţѽ
٣˵˲ǣЩ벻أһԵġ
ݵİӣӦʲôӣʵ󲻳̫̫ڴˣ
۹ڿٴοŮˣǿǲӨŮŮѽһһЦֻ迴һۣԶ޷ǡ

سݰ꣬ټϳС㣬ҲѵһŮͬŮС·һǣʹһڶڴ
ѧݵϴһǣǿıԶԵˡ
Ȼֻڣȵ顷֮ǲŻ֣ᷢϴҲôǾ䰡
˵ȲȻϣܹһ㿪ģκӰӵĵڶ棬ǵҪٴα˷뼤
6ź7ſģʵ̫ˣ͹˵һεĶȻǳ졣
6ź7ĩʱһΪǳ֡ҾˣҪȥֳ֤ʱ̡ͶһŻƱݡ
ҲҪȥûûȥһξõʱ۲Ϳˡ
Ϊ˵ңһӭҵĵʱһȥ֤һǰʢ

ĶǷ׷ױʾһҪȥֳۼ֤ʱʢ
ţʱһǳ֣ȥ֤һʵһź
ȻΪԭ޷ȥֳĶǣֻĽѡ
ʱٴθһ΢
˵ΪʾҶԡӴ桷һƷĿ϶֧֣ǷڼʹȺԱ롣
ԸμӵĶ߾ɱμӣκӰӹٷѾͨصıͨӼ𣬱Կʼ
࣬бĶУѡһ˶ߣջÿʹȺԱ
ǻȺԱĶߣõһ׼С
Ѿǳ˷ܵĶǣΪһ΢øӵ˷ˡ


һǧһʮ ˵Ķ
ĶǣΪ΢øӵ˷ܡ
㵱ʹȺԱⱾѾǳ˺Ȥˣܹõ׼С˸ջ
ңǺܶԿܵջһʱ֮䣬ڶȲģ׷ǰκӰӹ
бʹڵҪȥĶߣҲ֮ǰû׼ȥĶߡ
֮ǰȥܹʹȺԱܹõСǾ;Ҫȥˡ
ȻҲ֪ɹھ˿ʹȺԱʸ
ΪһαԻᳬԤڣܲܳɹʹȺԱǾֻܿˡ

κӰӡ
Ԫѧˣصϸò֮󣬱ֹͣ
ҲѾжױϤľ籾
⣬С¡ŮҲˣԪǶһϷиҲҪա
˶ԵúܣҲȫǳŬҪӳԼõˮƽһεﵽЧ
֪ڶǱôˣֹһ
ʱܾԬ֮˹֮ЦٷվӪǱ߸ոմϢھ΢ȥ˲Сʱʱ䣬ĶȴѾ50ˣѾԶԶҪңƻڲϵ㿴ûбҪѱرˣ50ѡһ˶ߡ
Ѿ50ˣҲ΢΢Щ죬ǵƺиߡ
ǵǵȷûбҪٽܱˣֱ˵ؾ͹ˣƺҲá
Ƭ̣˵ԬܣҪĵ㣬ٸһ΢˵ʱֹΪֹʱ׼ʱرձͨΣ
Ԭ֮ͷţܺãǵܵǾô죬ȥǱ˵һ¡
õģԬˡ
Ԭ֮ЦˣֻøˣһҲоࡣ
˵꣬Ƕȥ
Ԭ֮뿪֮ָһ΢
˵ĿǰΪֹǵıѾ50ˣڶǵ飬ʾϵĸл
ڱѾԶԶˣʵҪȺԱٷıͨ׼ʱرա
ȻѾĶ棬ѡһ˵ĶߣԻοʹȺԱʸ
󻹶ЩûüΪԭûгɹĶߣʾϵǸ⡣
΢һȻҲͬ˲顣
һСʱʱ䣬Ѿ50˱Ҳ̫
ڶ㣬Ҫرձͨˡ
֮󣬶ֽȻͬķӦûгɹĶߣЩļ
ֻȻļκӰӵĹȴǲļύ˱֮󣬶֪ŶӵУĵȴ
ЩѾɹˣͲͨһرգɹԽ٣ǱѡеļʾԽǡ
ʱļοȥйȥͨ׼ʱرա
ûгɹĶߣòһ̾Ϣ
ЩɹĶߣʼԼܹɹѡС
ͨչرղãκӰӹ㹫Ϣ
γɹĶΪ985423ˣ齫98Уȡ1˶ߣ1˶ߣʱݵݵİţγֳʹȺԱ
˶ߵȡԺͽ˶
ϢһЩɹĶǣý98˳ȡ1ˡ
൱100棬һ˶ʵЩ̫Сˡ
еĶߣǿʵʵڵ˶ˡ
κӰӲûôҵ̫ã10֮ʽ
ڹϹ֮⣬˶յصֻϢѶϢ
˷ܵĹЦöˣȴǷǳź̾Ϣվûյ

κӰӡ
ɫԱǵĥԪС¡㡢ѧ뿪
ӨءٻСܿˣҲ߳˼κӰӴš
ϳʲôҶˡ˵
Ѿͷһ·һ磬ڵȷֶˡ
˵ʲôصѡ͡
ֹһ䣬͸ֶӨ˵ӨӨ㣬ǳʲô
ӨЦٻٻӦҲѾˣǶˣǾڸѡһط԰ɡ
ѽŤͷܿ˿ֲԶһҷ꣬Ȼ󣬵ȥǳĸɾ࣬˵ȥ԰ɣȥ
༸ŮûȻҲ
ǣǼҷȥ



һǧٶʮ ڼ
ڷԹ֮󣬼ûĵ飬ֱӴ򳵻齵ľƵꡣ
Ȼֶ࿪䷿䡣
ֻزû̻صԼķ䣬ķﶫģʲôƵġ
Ө͡ЦЦãȴûȥأѾͷҡ
˺һ֮زΪӨ뿪Ѿͷһ뿪һ߶ﲻͣ
Ȥ֪Ѿͷ˵ЩʲôֻǿϧƾǿҲѾͷЦͣԶԶΪ
ءӨŮ뿪֮󣬺ҡסԪķ䡣
ͨý屨֪سݰһ¡ڿأ˲֡
ذ򡱣Ϊľȡ
ѵãֲͬգѵǱãǾҲˣŴҲ̫ǿ˰ɡ
ıã
۵ȻȻΪΪʲôҡ򡯣
ипֵþȻ˵ľɫؼҲ˰
һЦֵʲôػһأʮ֮꣬Ҳȥ
һпȴЦ˵ϰװ㶼屲ˣпʲô
ֶ˵ϵܣͿʼˣ׼׼ˣ
ˣȫʽġ
ҵðڿˣо˺þһʵ𣬲һڵʱѡ
ԪҲпҪһϵ̫ܵĻԣŸоʱ˺þһ
׵ʼô˵ţһ֮ϵͬУǻǳȤڿֻȤֱǾʣ֮С
ҵǰʣʵ컹ûء
һһ֮оǸп
Ҳѹ˸пڶļǵãһǰͬ죬˵а취ܹڶʱڣűó
ڣֻһڵʱ䣬Ѿˡ
126š7죬ŵ㣬ټϺڸMVĲţԼӴ桷ⲿƷ벻û

ипѣһ˱ǸӵĸпǱ˵дң½
½Ѿٷ֮ٵĿ϶źͶŲѩܿͻüΪ
ң߿ʹȺԱһ£лͻȻһһ뷨
Ǳ죬ҲȥʹһȺԱǿʹοͣǿʹһڶдĻңڽֽ֮ϡ
뷨һðôҲ޷ѹȥ
ǣ½Щĸһ绰Լ뷨˵ˡ
ûԥģֱӾʹӦ½˷ͣ޲̾͵졣

һҹ޻ڶ죬125ա
ӨءٻСܿˣһȥ˼κӰӡ
ԪС¡㡢ѧҲͬһ͵ˡ
죬˻Ϊ㣬׼
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гɹÿʹȺԱʸ˶ߣҲиûлʸĶߡ
ȻܿʹȺԱҲܵõСֳܹԸһҲһļ䡣
˵һˣҲ˽ÿ˵϶˷ܺڴ֮ɫ
רŸĶ֮⣬ȫصýߣҲͬ˲١
㣬עĿȫ˹ͬעĽ㣬ýǣȻõĻᡣ

ϣۣҲԽԽҡ
УѾϵݵĶǣֵΪɪ˷ܡ
۹ѵݣ֮С޷ǰѣǧҪ̫Ľ
֮Ҫȵ죿ھѾǸõطѽҲѹѹ±ѡ
ڵѾܹԵĸоˣ˺ܹܶ࣬Ҷۡ
ѾˣûģҲȥһˣΣ
Բۣ˵ôҲȥϧȥˡ
ĽЩֻһ͵ˣôɣżҾͲˣеšΪ컹ȥʹȺԱҲ֪᲻᾵ͷ۹
Բۣ¥Ϲɪ
ǣϽٵɪ
ûоͷҵǲ⣬ֻϣܹŮ߹ػصϺüءٺ٣
Ҫ˵Ӧǳ˧ˣݲŻͷɡģǿ϶оͷġ
ҲôװƵģһܲˣ
ǰĽȥɡѽ⻹͵С˵ʲôأͦڴġ
ٺ٣˵Сǿ϶Сˡ
еѽڴ
ˣǻ߰ɣѾˡ



һǧٶʮһ еֳ
Ӵ桷顷ԼMVڼߡý塢ݡ
Ϊԭ޷ȥֳĶǣҲʱʱ̶̿Ŀ⣬۽ݺ
һǣ㣬ҲͬΪĹע
᯸Ӷˣڽᵽһ¡
Ӵ桷һƷôҲŲͬѰ塣
׸顷ҲЩȤ
Ȼ˸ϣܹഴһЩڡáұ֮ĸҲ֪ֻ
ͬҲЩȤ
ʥ壬֣ࡢ˶㣬ҲͬǳĹעһΪӴ桷ⲿƷΪˡ
һ뿪ӣֻΪȥμӽŹʫᣬȴݸôĶ
˸пΣСʲôʱ򲻸󶯾ǵˡ
Եǰ֣˵֮СӾ͸ûش˰ɡ
ҿһǱڳġӢ۴Ҳ׼ĲˣԱѡǵʱСӿ϶Ҫȥһ˵ġ
֣ţͿмûʱˣûСӣһЩȤ
һЦ˵˵ȤȤǲ١
֣ſŰɣı϶١

˹עԵݹԪΪ׵飬Ѿ˳׼
ֻ߰ʽġ
ȻҲһЩţܲƽݹԪˡ
ΪǴûڹע֮ߵĹϷ
ţһ˳⣬ǱأѾͷһЩ˷֮⣬û˿Ľš
Դ˲⣬ѾͷҪǽǲŹء
ɫԱ뿪κӰӣءӨٻСܿˣҲͬ齵ľƵꡣ
ҪʽˣҲΪ˷ܣǰľ䣬ҪӫĻʽˡ
ȻֻǲƬΣһƬνԤȣҲ൱ġ
Ƶ귿һϵһЩϢ
ʱһڶҲԵ˷ܣ㣬ڴ
ЩѾݵĶǣǶΪ˷ܣЩˡ
ʵϣΪ˷ܶЩߵˣ
С¡㡢ѧ½˾ˡ

ܹܲ˯ţһҹʱҲܿȥڶʱ䣬Ҳûе顣
ݳڳѣ126һڵ
ɫŸոܶ˱Ѿˡ
ǾԱҪĸϵֳΪǰ׼ͬʱҪص豸˵ֳ
ȻǽҪȥֳһڶǣҪʹȺԱ˶ǣֱ֮Ե÷ǳȲ
ȻһýߵˣƺҲһЩȥֳ
Өءҡ׵ˣȻҲú磬ھƵԹ緹֮ҲֱӸֳ

ֳ
ʱһѾֳ
ʱ磬ߵӰѾ١
ЩӰ˾鹤ԱԱʱȺԱ֮⣬ֵͨοͣȻø硣
Ǵ󶼼ڶŸǶ֪ſ϶ǽģһǳҪĵص㣬ۼ⸽Ȼǲġ
һųеһߵȴžĿģһ߲ͣ˵˵ЦЦνǳ⡣
ԶԶĿžۼڶŸӰֹôôôˣ
Ц֤ǽӰǣ߰ɣȥ;˻ϣӦҲѾˡ
ԱȻҲѾˣ豸ҲѾ׼λԱʱױʩҲѾɡ
ھʱ칫أһԱϡ
֮ءС¡ȥʱױױϴѧϷ磬ڵǲױ
Ԫ˵һǵһע֮ߵϷһжĸĻ˵һлл
һЦ˵˵̫ˣҲ̫죬ɾҪ˵ˡ
Ԫֵ˵ﻰҵҡ

˵ڳصһߣȺԱǩ
鹤ԱһλݵĴ£ڷһȺԱǵķװš
ڹ±ڹŴһȺԱǣҲҪʱĹװŮǵͷҲҪױɹŴΣҪôٷҪôһñӸ㶨
ЩȺԱȻǣֳȡ˶ߡ
ʱǣһоֺ棬ǳ˼Եʮ˷ܡ



һǧٶʮ һһӰ
ɫһýҲȺϵ
ھİ֯£ֳʱٿһ߼ᣬԪѧ˳ϯᣬڼߵĲɷá
ȻһڼɷõҲ֪ǿ϶ϯģֻܸеǳź
ȻܹɷõԪѧ˵ҲǼõģңǻ԰ѻӶ൱ڼԵĲɷ
ýڲɷãοҲԽԽ࣬š׵̡ɽ·ȵطѾվ飬ֳһƬС
칫֮ǰźùԱͶ빤ֳοͽ赼Աķ
칫ҵһڹԱо޸пϸոտʼοѾʼմȥò˶೤ʱ䣬Ҫʷϵοֵ¼ˡ
ھ鹤ΧҲͬΧŴοͣµĿž鹤Ա׼ͬʱҲ۷׷ס
˵û
Ӧڰɣϴﲻ˵԰ѹ𣿡
ϣܹ֪û᣿
žߣӦлġ
ҲЩȺԱɣ·ͦÿİƺвٵŮźǳ˼ӡ
ȷ˼ϧûбѡУ98ѡ1ˣ̫Сˡ
ôɹôûбϡ

ΧȺ۷׷ףһ߾鹤ԱѾڿʼ峡
ĵһϷǰСˣѰҾ˵ĳ
Ϊ׹ʿ˵ģߴѰСߴǺδֻĴѰҡ
һ㳡Ҫ򲢲󣬾鹤ԱþߣΧ˵һ㳡ء
οע⣬οע⣬ھڵοͣ˵֮⣬ǵĵһϷϾҪˣοվھۿ
鹤Աĺ֮ڵοǣǳϵ֮ȥϵı˷ڴ
һ㳡ѾȷϢοѸٵĴ˳ȥ
һЩԶο֪֮Ѹһ㳡ؿֻ̫࣬ʧȻѾٿֻԶԶĿš
ͷ֮⣬ʵǿ̫ĶǺһƣֻžһصʱԼܹһЩ
Ȼֳλòãȴǿװһ±Ƶġ
ҶûֳĵһϷѾ׼ҪŶΧο;Եɽ˺ѽ
ôͿˣûпûпŮ񣿰ӵױôģС¡ŮױģСµױ磬ȥоô
˲ðһܵ⣬øոװƵЩɵۣԣΪ
Ǹֻ׼ģûʽءʽĵʱԱǶ֮һ㱨λòԿôǴ

ʱԱһλ˵ˣڵһ㳡Ѿ峡ˣǵĵһԱ˵֮ͽ뵽УôͰ֮ǰ˵ҲҪţ͵ƽʱһбֺõģǿܻдͷҶ𣿡
ˡҵĻشͬ
ãǾͽЦЦ˵ЩûκݳȺԱʵΪͷۡ
Щѡ˶ߣݿɲұֳ˿Ĳͷĵĸҽ⡣
֣һȺԱ˷ܡֽš
˵ֻǸ㱳Χ֮οΧۣҪءŮǹһأ˵оͷŶУ
ȻǸĻ˷ܺ͵⣬ܹоΧοŨŨĽ֮⡣
߽أһȺԱڳĴɢһˣ
ڳдһ֮󣬴ҵƽһЩ
ʱ򣬸豸ҲѾ˽˳أ׼
ԪԼŶӣҲ뵽˳С
ΧοУкܶ˶ϳ˹ԪϢΧοһ󼤶ݶˣҪʼˡ
ֻǲ֪ûУҷ׷ײ²⡣
ԪǳҲΪ˷ܣΧοͺ֣һӻ֣к
˵һ׼ϣһλԱ˵
Ԫͷ˵Ա
仰һЩýοͣҲ˸һʱ֮ȫųڴȥΧοͼ״ҲܿµԭҲ׷׿ڴ
ֻһһӰڹԱͬ£ڴ
ɫӰһɫɴȹȹ״ռ޳۴ʮ鶯촽֮ȻЦò²⣬ȻСˡ
ɫӰЩĿѣԣһɫӰ˴ľ
ֻɫӰһɫȹȡǧ˿Ȼ£ͷһ٣аɴ£ǾһһЦ޲ǣ˼ŮӣǾŮ
ɫӰȻǰˡ



һǧٶʮ 
СŮĳֳ֣̾գŮ̫ˣǰӣֱͬŮ·һ㡣
֪ǣֳˣǲ֪رӫĻҪöࡣ
еһȺԱˣĶʱ顱ֱŮҲȫǾޡ
ŰӺС˵ĽһϷǿġ
ʽֳ֮˵Сֻ࣬ϵ˷֮ɫȴûʲô仯
ءˣҲԼ״̬ʱȴܱ˵ķţȫĵͶ뵽ԼĽɫ֮С
һͷԹ֮˳ͨľͷԽ˳ܶ඼һֱͨ
Ԫء˱ݷǳ⣬ʱʱһ䣬ãǳã
ȺУڶ˱ݣҲͬ⣬Сĸˡŭգӵšϲźȵı仯˰յ÷ǳλ
֮䣬һǰĳĳغϵĴ
⣬ԪԱݵİѿأҲǳ⣬һͲҪβˣֻѿһ¾Ϳˡ
Ȼ˵ݵרҵܣʵ̫Ҳֻܹѿء
ֳһϷѾʽģʱ򣬻µο
ݾ칫ҵĲȫͳƣھΧڵοѾ60ˣʱ򣬲˵ԡ
ѾԶԶˣʷͬʱεο¼
ʱϸһƬȻĶ߶ȥֳǵ˼ȴȫֳ
˵ѾĵһˣǰӺСϷ뿴
˵ֳأӫĻϻҪƯ࣬Ҳ֪Ǽ٣ӫĻϾѾΪƯˣƯ࣬ǸһƯѾ޷ˡ
ЩʹȺԱ˶ߣи˰ԺؽĹһء

ϵȻ޷ֳֳȴڶˣͣĽֳϡ
ʹϵҲľ񫣬޷ȥֳź΢˼֡

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һϷû̫ʱѾ֮꣬ء΢΢һ̬Ҳ
Χο͵ĻкҲôࡣ
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һΪλŮǵľ֪֮ͷǸ
ڣǷ֮󣬻ոյֳȴƲס˷ܡ
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һϷء˻ʱϢϢԱ̿ʼ׼ڶϷ
ڶϷϷˣɵһڶˡ
һϷһҲ峡Ÿ˷ǳ࣬ھԱ֯£οǷǳϵĺܿͰѳ˳
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ͬ⣬½ڶŲԶǶţһһһдͷ
ԣ½Զ˸ӵ˷ܣҲӵĽš
ڶĵڶϷǷǳҪһϷھ֮⣬Χοͣһߵȴһ۷׷ס
Ҷ֪һϷɽҪʽ
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ڣڵ˴𰸽ʱ̡
ʱĶϣȺԱפͣиȺԱڶػأ¡
Զһǰڸܣ
ͻȻһӰڶ֮ϣο͵Ŀʱ
һһϮɫµӣͷһ鷽÷ǳ룬Ƥ𪣬ȥЩ۾ǳ鶯񣬼ϱһѹӵɡվڶ֮ĴϵɫΪ
һԴһ˿ļѹӣò£Ȼˡ
ǱС£ܵοЩ棬֪ɵС£ǻ治ǰѹӣС»ϵȺš
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һεεŮװȻһַǳгĸоҲһˡ
ҲѹֵὨС·ˣЧȷǳ
Ѿ˶֮ϣڶϷȻѾʽġ
һͷ֮󣬰ӡСҲٴγŮѰ˶ãڿڶϿ羰ɡ
ӷİĶˡ
ͷһһȥܵοͿ÷ǳܺ㡣



һǧٶʮ Ĺذ
ԼŸǽҪص֮һͷǳ࣬ʱҲܳ
ڶϷɵʱѾһ㣬齫ʱϢԷĵ
ʲôȻǺзˣԱȺԱȵȶһǺз
˵Ǻз˵ȥǷǳģζҲãȻҪġ
źзԱߣʵ۲ۣ
Ʋ۰
ٺٵ˾ͶԵ㣬һȳԡ
˵ű㽫Լеһȣеصķ
ɫͻȻһ죬Χ˿أԼ԰
ص⼦ȲһǾƵģ֮ˬƣ֮һɨգԵġ
⻰Ȼ滰صļȻƵģռ̳ϵͳһֽ嵤ĵҩ˷֮оˬƣ֮С
ոȥռһԼļ֮С
ԣиصļȣһ޶ġ弦ȡ
ֻǣȴ⼦ô棬ֻԼ˵ġ
ҲûмлǷŽ
ȳ꣬Ҳ֪ǲĴĸоǳ֮ǰƣ֮ʧˡ
Щ죬Ҳûж룬ֻһĴϾǽļ֮оȻЩһġ
طмȣС¡Ȼȫˣһʱ֮ǳĽ
ȻΪҲԼȣΪ鱾
ȻǳĽ֮Ҳ룬ΪѾ֪ˣغ֮Ĺϵ
سǸȣǳĶźз뿪ˡ
ߵԪԱߣһ߳ԷһϷ

һߣһȺԱͬһ߳Էһ죬ǵۣܡ
ûдͷ
ֻ֪еȵʱ֪һοͷرĽӦдͷǲ֪᲻ã
УдͷʲôҸǣŮʱ򣬾벻ףһ˺üʱ䣬ҵʱǸź˷ѽǰĽɡ
ʵ̫ˣһӿ϶ǣòٴһԼ
Ҹոջ˵ˣȻͬ˵һ͡


˳Թ緹֮΢Ϣһ󣬱㵽㣬Ϸ׼ġ
ʱοȻڲ࣬ɽ˺ĳ
ݾ칫ҵĲȫͳƣΧڵοѾ200ˣѴʷο¼
ңڲϵˢ¼¼ѧԴȻǳ˷ܣһйȻ֮ǰԤһ
ֻǣڲûжʱ˷ܣΪϾҪĵĵϷҲҪˡ
ϷͻȻ콵꣬ɡꡢСͬɣСϴľԳŶˡ
ѧԼϷνڴѾϾҪˣ֮УЩš
ŬԼ̬
ϷصһʱɿڣʱѾο͡
֮ǰһ߻峡豸ȺԱ
⣬һ˹豸
ΪһϷҪ꣬ʣǲ꣬ǱҪһ˹ˡ
Ȼʵϲ˹꣬ΪȻ޷ʱʹСƹҲòƹãĳ꾰Чܲ롣
˹꣬һвˡ

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ΪпкʾҪ˴ˣɡ
ѧİ࣬ͬΧ۵ο̾칫ҵϷҲģ
ϴ뿪ӡС˳֣Сʹ콵꣬СɴٶȿӡСҲϴȵȳһһݡ
ЩΧ۵οѾǳϤۿԺеĳǰʵĳǷǳ˼
һ߿һ۷׷ף¶ǳߡ
ˮ룬СɴϣСϴԳĳ֮ʱܵο͸Ե˷ܡ
Ҷ֪Գĸǡ顷׸ɣѾǳ͡
ڣСɴѾɣеοϬһ㣬˲÷ǳȫ䣬ϸСɴ޵ɡ
ֻǿϧСɴںϣǵľԶţǸС
ֻжѵοͣԼԼ˲ɣⲿɣǰŪ͡

һϷĳ;ͷҲܶ࣬ټǺϵģҪ鷳öࡣ
ԣȵһϷȫ֮ɫѾЩˣѾҪˡ
ȻҲȫˣƵȲࡣ


һǧٶʮ ɻһϷ
Աý塢οǣ뿪
һ𽥱óţȻڽʢȴעᱻʽ¼պҲᾭἰ
ءӨٻСܿҡסԪ˳Թ֮Ҳ齵ľƵꡣ
򿪵ԣϵϢ
ýڽıܶ࣬ھý㻨
ԣвٵֳ棬Ѿع⣬һ޷ȥֳĶǴ˷ܡ
ýعĻͻǲһ֣רҵֳοعĻ棬Ҫÿ̫ˡ
Щרҵֳͻ֮һڶǶڳƷڴøӵļ͡
׸ڴˡ
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˵
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һǧٶʮ 
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һοǵ飬Ҳͬ˷ܵģʱǼ֤˾ֳ̣ܵȵգ͵Ҳύ˲µѣʱעǻζܾá
֮ʱҲˣѾĵοҲ뿪
һȺԱҲҪ뿪ˡ
һȺԱҲһ˶ߣڵǳΪϷ˵ԭ򣬶Ϊõˣ͸ǵС
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һԪĺǳ˳ǳ⣬Ӿ硶Ӵ桷㣬ѾԪ
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Ԫǳ˷ܣΪһĳɹ˳õˡӴ桷ӾĵȨΪõĺϵ
֮󣬾Իõģʾ籾ĻᣬΪһλȫ֪ݣѾǿԤˡ
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ӨͬʱƲ조СһٻСܿ۶˷֮ɫ
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ӨţǾɡ
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һֱעأ΢иʱԶѣڻûʲôӦ
ҶĵȴɣҹϾͻϢˡ
Ը˰ʵǷǳȲˡ


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һ𣿽Ӳɢ




һǧٶʮ 
ϢĴԽԽ˱˷ܣڴôʱ䣬ڵȵһˡ
ЩϲС˵ˣҲͬˡ
ȻϲС˵Ʒȴǲò
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ôĸӰMVܲ

΢³ȥ֮һǵķӦر΢ҳ
Ҫһ֡Ӵ桷ĴѾˣҪȥȥħôҲõʱ䣬ҲʱֲһЩˡ

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ôȫȫĵȴţһĵˡ



һǧٶʮ Գ
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ȦһڵݡԱǣڶýļǣֻҪģ˵ӻǰȴһӵĵ
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Ŀ֮£ڵ125950룬Ͻǳ㱨ʱ
10ӣӻǰˣֻо͵һ˵˷ܡ
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ͷתСٽӳʮ޵ͬɡ
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Сٳǧѽѽ컯
ϴٶ֮ͬǰ


һ׸質꣬ӻǰеĹֻ֣䣡
൱ľ䣡ʾ䣬ɾ䣬ϴСԳĻ棬Ҳͬľ䣡
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ɽ֮󣬰ɿǱʿ
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ֺģ漮Ǯмš
Ϊ壬ҩӪ

֮Сشɵʣֳ
С꣬ҾӸܽسǡ
үΪ򣬳۳ɳ

롶顷ȫһȴȻʮֶɣֻõӻǰеĹǣʮֵܡ



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С೪գһMVеĹŻعһЩ
ոǡ顷ǺɡС˱ʵ̫ˣȫ˽ȥ
ڣһգȻعһЩȴʼŸոɣ֮ȥ
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ԣʵϴұ֮顷ڴǧһء
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ʱǰȻɼ򵥵дɣЩһڹͻȻһ飬ֻȫϸһ׸ǰ
󣬰ǰм̶İ~ει~ει
һڹֻоȫϸȼգڱ˷ܣͷ·ͻǧͷųһ㡣
һֺĸܣֻǸоǳˬ
Уų֣ɣڶ֮ϡ
ʱ򣬸ĵһ䳪
ǧһأһذ~
ǧһأ޻ڰ~

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Щ߲ˡˮʵǺö˵ءӨӨѽԺҲЩͬкôԽԽƯ
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صүүôòһξֻһҲ̫Сˡ



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ƵһЦ˵˭֪أˣǵ°ɣͲҪˡ
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Ӣ۴Ӿѡڼϰ֣ʵǷǳ顣
һ˵ȫӦһֻۣɻͺ棬ȴԽԽŨˡ

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Ӣ۴й˵ûյԾԱҲԼǰȥԾǷǳȥһԡ

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Ӣ۴Ӿѡǿʼ˭Ŀѵľض
ӹسľӢ۴ӫɹӹЦԳƷݺִǹͬڴ

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˵ͻض˭ݰҵضԱһҪҺð
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쿪ʼѡǣǺڴҵض˭


Цҡ
һʱ䣬ںͺйءӢ۴Ӿ顣
֪ɫѾ˿Գʱ䡣
ɡܷܷԪΰԼܿ塢櫡ԬۼӣоŶӵļҪԱڹҸһҾƵ
ϯ䣬ｻÿһ˶Ե÷ǳġ
Ҳһƣȵ˵ģΪĿɰ
˸ɢȥסĵطڸԶͻؼ֮ԼҲص綩õľƵϢ

һҹ޻ڶģ͵ЦңܷܷɵҲѾˡ
Ծ
ɺǺЦŵӵʱ򣬵һԾԱҪˣϵƼݼҹⰲŵģϣܿһͷΪżȻϵƼԾɫģһǳʺϡ
ҲЦϣ˵
Ծ𿼺˵˳ͺ֮⣬ݣݶɵĸ֣Ҳʶ
ɺڳм䣬ߣм仹һ롣
ȻģһԾԱǣٵİһЩ
عӹݣǾҪ͵һЩǡ

ױݼ񶼻ûףԼΪʲôͻȻյӢ۴Ծ룿
ңԾΪҪĽɫ
ֻһСԱ˵Ӣ۴ּľ飬ǲġ
ȻɻɻȴǷǳ˷ܺڴ
ոսӵĵڶ죬˸ʡʡǣԾľʱ䡣
죬ʱ֪ͨˣŵ㡣
˷ܡڴֽţģЦңȴױʦױ
֪ԼǵһԾԱʱЩΡ
һԾСʱǵһԾԱһξȻǡ
һʧˣҲ֪Ծ᲻ɹ
ݼƺû̫ġ



һǧʮ Ծе÷ǳ˳
Ծ
ݼ߽ԾһɲǣȫһҲû뵽Ȼ
ع֮ƺЩһ飬ǱΪʲôյӢ۴Ծˡ
ݼϵı飬ȫɵ˿
ɵһЦ˵ݼûд֮ԻԾһǣΪƼ㡣Ǿαϣúñ֣ҪʧҲΪһεԾһͷ
Ҳ˵ûƼ㡣һԾСв㣬ҸоݵĸоɫΪںϡúñݣҪţҪԼ
Ȼˡݼ뵽ĸмҲǳļ
Ӣ۴ּľƼԻôԱĽʺޡ
ΪƼԻڵ𲽾͸һΣɹļҪ˴öࡣ
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ľһ˵ǳлΣһݺõġ
ֶԺ˵ҲǳлλᣬһᾡŬݺɫ
ɵͷҪݵŶΣոѾˣͿʼɡ
ǣݼӦһŬԼ״̬ȻʼԼıݡ
ݵʱ䲢ֻӵʱ䡣
Ѿ㹻ˡ
Ϊϲ֮ǰ۹ȻûдݼȻķǳʺϳɫ
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Ҳͬϲĵϵܵ۹Ȼǳ׼һȡ
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ΪĻ沢û΢Ц
ݼЩ㱵»صױңױʦصʱų׵Ļع
Ծݼ뿪֮󣬺ɹЦϵܵ۹⻹Ƿǳ׼һĿһͷһεԾǻΪ˳ѽ
ͬЦԸ˵һõͷ

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˾Ծ￴ʱҲͬǳľȺ⣬ȻҲǳϲ
ǳĸмһֱĥŵʥҪȥʥݷáлһ
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ǹӹĻȷܾ˶֮Ϊţ϶ǻϧġ
˾ɡλݣԼԼļλѳԷ
ٷĿģȻǵ˾Ϊ˱ʾĸм֮⣬ȻҲףȻ

һ֮жɫԱȷ
ˣӢ۴ĽɫȫȷԱֻʣŮǹضˡ
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ԱȷϣýǱᱨһɼ˼ҪɫԱȷиרҵˣһչ
ȳ̶ȣԼӵĳ̶ȣһڴʱҲѡǵģӾĽʲѡ
ͬǵӾѡǣΪξͲôأ



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ýǲϵıеҲĹע
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оеԱѡ÷ǳԵӾڴˡֻǣҵض˭ݣզûȷأ
еĽɫУֻʣ¹ض˵ԱûȷˡɫԱҪߵġ
϶ŮǣֵǳߵŮǣҪ߰
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ţȷӦҪȵݹض˵Աȷ֮󣬹ӹŻᷢ顣
СӢ۴Ӿ磬йӹƷһʱ䣬˷ܡ


һǵĲȷûдȷ׼ȷ˹ض˵Ա֮󣬱㿪ʼ顣
ֻض˵ԱңǻҪ鼸ʱˡ
ԸѡʱϵóһЩҲԸ⽫ѡԱ
ǳԱĳɹ񣬶Ӿ綼ŷǳشӰ졣
ҪáӢ۴Ӿ磬ĳŷǳشӰĵӾ磬ضҪá
Ȼںɺλ˵ҲͬԹض˵ԱΪӡ
ԾԱԾԽ
һλҪԱϣ㣬21꣬ǵӰѧԺѧ
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㲢ûյԾ룬Լ
ûκεӡ󣬺ȴЩӡ˵ҲͯǳҿһЩݣǷǳԵģû뵽Ծ
ͷȻˣԾҲֵڴˡ
Цȷڴһ¡

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㲢һģǺһһġ
ȻΪľȣһӲǱˣйһ֮ԵľǴѧѧѩ
ѩԽԽˣݲô죿ǼΪҪһλѾױѩ˵
֮ǰΪƽֻǱһԵ飬Цҡ
Ȼڣڼϳ֮ʣȴԽԽˡ
ѩο㣬̬ƽһЩһεԾܹ͹ܹҲûйϵ㻹ֻǸѧԺеǻңݳôḻݳ츳Ϊлġ
ͷðɣѩ˵öԣҪ̬ƽһЩʱ
ѩЦ˵Ҫ̬Ҫʲôѹ㡣
ͷȻŬԼ̬ϳ֪ͨ
չһйԱǰ֪ͨˡ
һЩĿѩ˵ѩȥˡ
ѩһЦ˵ȥɣƯݼֺãҿ㣬ɹġ

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ң䳤ױǾŹֵĻѾͷȥΪϡ
ڴֵ˼֡
ҲֳڴɫѵһŮȻȲ顢ӨؼŮҲѷɫ̫ࡣ
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Ȼ֮ڴΪ㳤ƯİоΪֻصļӸС
̨ϵ㻹ЩţǿǰŵλݵʱţԱ߻һӣǾ˺ˡ
Ȼ֪ȻܹǾ˵϶ͨˡ
һҽֻ֮ɵݵЦͬѧԿʼˡ
ϵЦ⣬ƽһЩһ֮󣬿ʼԼıݡ
տʼЩȻűݵļȫ˻صĽɫ֮УҲȫ˽š
ɡλݵ۾ԽԽ
ӵıݺܿݽ֮ȻΪţоԼոյıǷǳɹġ
ֳɹĸо֮ǰԼϰʱ򣬶Ҫǿҡ
ɡλ໥֮俴˿ǵ˵ͷ
֮˵ͬѧıݷǳãȥɣǻڽ֪֮ͨ
ͷ˵һлĻ־һ֮뿪Ծ
ﲢʧǳľϲڴ
ΪѾӸоˣһεĻǳ



һǧʮ ʧӰ
Ծ
ȥ֮󣬺ɵϵܣΪô
ͷܲȻһЩС覴ãоǶԵģЩС覴þܹȥﵽЧġ
ɵҲΪܹˡ컹мԾصģõĻȷˡ
Цܵ˵һεԾǷǳ˳ģھֻԱˣϣܹһȷˡ
ɵԸϵ˵

ױ
ѩϸ˿ɫƺΪ˷ܣҲһϲ˵㣬ɹˣ
˷ܵѩûСҸоҺϣԼоԾЧǳãɵݺλƺҲ⡣ţԱ߻һӣ֪ʲôģȥƺҲ⡣
ӣѩɻ㲻ʶǸ𣿡
ʶȻܹҲʲôͨˣֻǺĵ֮ġȻûʲôϵ
ѩȴ˼С˵˵Ǹӻ᲻ǹӹ
ӹȻһһͬСɣûⷽȥ롣
Ȼѩһ˵ƺûпܣ˵УӹǺѵǹӹ
ţͬСѩһ˵ƺȷпܡǹӹ
ѩҡͷ֪ӹ̫ˡ
ܹɹ飬пܴǸӵݣѩ㿴ҵġ
ѩЦںѽɹġ

жױ֮󣬺ѩһ뿪Цң׼ʡһ棬һߵȴϢ
ԾԱǵԾڼ֮мλԱԾ˻һǡ
ȻԾЧȣԶԶ硣
ȻԾ֮⣬ԾԱҲв٣ֻǲûɺλرġ
һʱܿȥеԱѾԾɡ
㣬һ뿪Цҡ
뿪֮󣬾Ҳʽ֪ͨ㣬֪ɹͨԾһǽݡ
ЦҸģĳط㣬ӵʽ֪֮ͨ󣬾ϲһ
Χ˷׷ײĿʲô飬ܹôһŮ˷ܣ
ѩ΢죬С㣬㵭һЩڴϣΧö˵ġ
ȴǲЩȻԵú˷ܣ׼ʽӵ֪ͨһ̣侪ϲͼȻķǳǿҡ
ǿǡӢ۴Ůǻһǣǿӵ˿ضֻҪɫݺˣܹһǳ֡
ܹ
׼ѩ˵ʲôȴͻȻסһǿʲôǳ飬ϵıǳĲ졣
ѩɻ˳Ŀķȥȴǲûзʲôرĵطɻ㣬㿴ʲôˣ
Һ񿴵ԾǸˡ
ŶѩȻһ˵ȷû
ǰٷְٵĿ϶ƺĺߣǸȥҿǸߵġ
ѩðȥҵҪһӣ
ѩǳĺ棬ΪĲ룬ǸӺпܾǹӹ˵еĹӹ׳ʲôӣǳҪ֪
ǣӿٴȺߵķ׷ȥ
ֻǣǳĵһн֣ǳ
׷һ֮󣬻δ룬ǸȴͻȻʧȺУһ˫۾ϸѰңҲûٴοǸӵӰ
ѩ̫࣬ҲˡЩɥ˵
ѩҲЩźȴ˵û£㣬ҾǶԹӹǳˣѾɹ飬Ǹǲǹӹ֪ģ֪ԺٸҺˡ
ðɣǼ䣬ڷǳ˷ܣҪ˵
ѩ߰ɣ
˵߽꣬Ⱥ֮С
ԶȺжŮӰ첻ѣĵЩʱĺС㾹ȻǸѩѾͷʶңϵǳܡһǸѩѾͷרͬԾġ
һЦոѾͷ׷ߣһʼѾĸ֪ˡ
߳һ֮ѾͷһƺҪ룬Ϊ֡
ȻʱֻǸ֪˸˭ȴǲ
ǣ΢ʹһɣʧȥӰ
Ҳ׷ߵ˵ģԭԾ㣬ԼǸѩŮӡ
Ŵ۾ĴӣľЦֻû뷨
ȵѾͷЩƵת뿪֮ЦЦҲתǰȥ



һǧʮһ Աȫȷ
һѾȷһ£鲢ûڵһʱ繫׼ȵݹԱҵ֮һ繫
ôڶԱԾ
ֻʣ¹һɫˣԣԾԱԾһǣɺλ˵Ǽˡ
ԾԱǣԵΪĽţȻ˷ܡ
ǳ󣬵һɹȴǾܹı䣬ǽҵϵˡ
ԾԱһһʱҲһһĹȥ
ȻǳĲһԱݵĹɺλݵ۾ǳио
䣬26꣬ǣԵʵԱ㲻˧26ȴѾϣܹһ
ȵеԱԾ꣬˵ϵܣǲô
ܲʵԱݵĸоǳϡȻҲһЩС覴ãҲָܹͬԸ
ɹһЦλô
λҲ˵ԼĿ˵
ɵͷô;ˣϵܾô
ͷû⣬ָ֮ܲ󣬿Ա÷ǳѾﵽҵҪ󡣡
ҪûҪҲûҪ󣬾ֻΨһı׼
ȻҲ԰Ψһ׼ΪҪ
ˣеԱѾȷɡλݾǳһ
ȫԱˣǲԾʱϳϳ֮ҲҲʮԱ
һԾķǳ˳ĿеԱķѵʱҲ
ݼɹһǣȷʵΪһεԾһͷ˵
һЦ˵Ҳɣ˭֪أ

ݹԱҲѾȷʽ繫Ϣ˲顣
ʱ䣬ڹض˽˭ݵ⣬һֱøĹע
Ҷڷ׷ײ²⡢ۣԱΪ˵˶
ڣڽǱǲ㡣
ΪǣνѾǳĴˣܶ˶֪ģȻͲ󣬵ȴǾԵʵԱ
ɹѡϳݹһǣҳЩ֮⣬Ҳû̫⡣
ʵϣǰһЩýķ²У񱻿õĻᲢС
ݻص㣬úܶ˾÷ǳİˡ
ȻСͿʼϷͯǳڴ˵Ȼİġ
Ȼû㱻ѡеԭǹӹƷɹӹЦҳƷܴʲôĻ
ֻǷǳĺ棬˭ʲôݼΣǱѡеģ
ǣϴ㣬۲ԶҪࡣ
ôϣܿͱһ˳
ԭ㾹ȻͯǳǸʱĵӿһ£ͦɰһСݵҲ
ǲ¡ĵӰɣǰʱע⵽Сˡûע֣Ҳˡڲ֪㣬Ѿ21ˡ°
ȥԵĴŮȻȲϳݰӵأҲ̫󡣡
ǵȻǴŮˣȻݵҵضǲ֪װô
϶˰žĶױհɣӦûṫױհɡ
϶ṫڴҼضĶױա

һǿ֮󣬲ԻصĶױձʮֵڴ
һŮصͣӦҲǳƯɡ
ȻزֻƯҪֹ龫аʮֿɰĸо
ԱҪ󣬿νǳĸߡ
˻صĶױ֮⣬ҶɫĶױգȻҲʮֵڴ
ڴҶڡӢ۴ӾڴѾԱԾתƵԱǵĶױϡ

ȻṫԱǵĶױգڣǻҪʮ֮
Цҡ
ɵϵܣ31ŵʱѧ佱Ĳȥ𣿡
ЦȻӹݻʱһξ鷳ϸˡ
ЦϵܻôĿʵ˵Ҷһεİ佱ʮֵڴ鷳ˣϵܣʲôʱͨصϢ
Ƭ̣˵ɣҲûʱˣô֪Ҳá
ɵͷǾ죬쿴Ϣ֮󣬶һεİ佱񣬾Իøӵڴ
ЦԸˣ

ڶ죬1220ţ콫Ҫʥˡ
Ӣ۴ӾԱѾȷÿԱݵĽɫķװ͵⣬ҲѾصĹԱͨˣʣµ齻ɺ;Ϳˡ
ȥĵ;УӢ۴繫һϢ
Ϣһٴ˲Ϊ˽㡣



һǧʮ 
Ӣ۴繫һϢ
˵ӹΪӢ۴Ӿ磬һ
һ1231վٰģ22ʱѧ佱ϣֳݳķʽ࣬Ϊð佱ϵĽĿ֮һ
һģСӢ۴飬ʱԱǻԽɫױ̨ϡ
Ϣһ˲ΪԵĽ㣬ø׷ۡ
һΪ˷ܡ
֮ǰһֱ룬ܹΪӢ۴Ӿ紴һͺˣȴ뾹Ȼˡ
ŵ֣һ̫ڴˣ
ʮǰΪԼƷӴ桷ͲΪӹƷӢ۴ʱ¸Ƶʺܸѽ
Խ߲Խأÿһ׸ƾԵľ䣬һεġӢ۴ȻҲһ̫ڴˣ
ֻԱǽԽɫ֣Ҳֵͬڴֻǿϧʱ΢е㳤֮ǰ϶ǲᷢױˡ
Ҳ˵Ҫʮܿض࣬ôôð
٣ҺúڴɣɱȾֱӷһŶױգֵڴˡ
˵ҲǣֳݳԱǵĶױ࣬ͻȻһİ佱ӵڴˡţһϾаɣõط
ΪӢ۴ô˵ЩڣӢ۴ԱԾֳĴԣӦþˡ
ӦôˣкüԾԱ͸©ϢҲӹĻȷܾ
һεİ佱ί϶ӹϯ˵ӹȥ𣿡
ϣӹȥǾܹ֪ӹ®ɽĿˡӹҲпܲϯ
ӹϯӦþͻִϯҲһŮأܷܷ

һ۷׷ףڼʱѧ佱񣬱ñ֮ǰӵڴ
ýҲͬ׷ױһʱ֮䣬Ӣ۴ΪˣнеĽ㡣
ʹһЩӵᣬӢ۴ѾˣΪ䴴֣֪
£õעʵ̫ˣǷ׷׺ڣӦ롶Ӣ۴ѡͬһڡ

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ǸӲǹӹЩ˵˽Ĺ棬ȻҲ˲롣
ѩȻһ˵ȷҲܡ
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ѩͷ׼˵ȴһò²ˣȷ
ѩŮͬʱŤͷһ˵֮һʮŮӣǽҪһǵݼǸոѾʶˡ
ʶ𣿡
ݼЦȷһܹ֮ɫȫİء
˵ţݼ㽫õԾǰ˵һ顣
ݼһ˵ͷЦлл㣬ȷˡ
ѩø࣬ӵȷˣֻǣΪʲôǹӹأ˵ǹӹĸӦøŶԡ
ѩƬ̣ûףҲͲȥˡ
ϾҲãӹҲգһͨŮܹӴġ
Ϊⲿ紴ʲôӵģǷǳڴһ˵Գݻҩʦһǵĵ˾
ֻǵ˾ڴϢҵһԱǣȫʮֵڴ
һԱ˵ȷǳֵڴƷûһײ䡣õ˾ʦӨס顷˵ǰᣡ
һԱ˵˾ʦ˵ʲô֣˭ݳ
˾ҡͷ˵ҲżǺܿͻ֪ˡһǶ࣬ʱѧ佱̨Ḷ́϶ҪģҪǰ˵Ǻܹܿˡ
˾һ˵һԱ޲˷ڴ
һԱ˵ʵ˵뵽Ҫʱѧ佱̨ҾͷǳĽţǿȫע̨֮ǰûһҲܹ
⻰һһԱǷ׷׸ͣԱǣʾԼҲͬĽš
Ȼ˷ܡ
˾Ц˵ǣҲͬЩš̨ɲ˵ϾܹϵģһǶйӹĸ
һԱ󣬾ǰͷȻҲһ㡣



һǧʮ ϲҵĸо
ȥۣ˻ɽĿͳ
һ˳Ǵʡǣֱӿɽ缯еģʡȥ;سת鷳
ϣбαϣŴķ羰Ϊ⡣
һγһµʱˣʱǷǳĿ죬ջȴǷǳķḻ
ڽŹؾƳˣӰעἫΪԶġѡ
Źص±ϣѡһʫٿѾɡ
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ȻȥƳǰ䡶Ӵ桷
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ǧһء顷ӰMVȲŵҲԽԽ
ڣѾһͨǾ׷ĵط
οڶֻ߳ʱڶͣŰӺڶ˵棬ԼҲܹһ񻰡
ŶŵĳŲѩȻҲһˡ
ο֪ԭﻹһľ㡣
ֻǿϧѩĻ᲻࣬ο޷ԶŲеο޲ǳʧ
ʱһλһдĻңһŲѩ
λȥݵһδѩ֮
λȻǣҼ˵½
½һŲѩ͸ǳ˷뼤
ΪοǣܹŲѩ
һŲѩܹļ̶ֵȵչֳ½顣
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ڣһ˴óʱȴֻȥ˲ʮ졣
ԭһжԤ֮С½пֹ
յ½Ҳǳľϲ㽫һͨһϵеֶΣӡһȴŴʮĳġԹο͡
½ԭݡ
ȻҲͬοչʾ
οǣڿˡŲѩ֮Ȼͬһ
ԼŲѩԽԽʢ
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ڣǸһ鵤֮ڳ˯ȵǸһѹ֮ĳţֽһλԱ
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ӽһµʱ䣬˵νջ
бαϣЩ飬һ·ɳۣسǣִسǿɽ硣
ɽҰԽԽϤԽԽ
ãʱٳԽԽϤɽҰվϤǣ
ų⣬ֳЦ⡣
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ʱ֣ͳʻɽ缯гվһ˿һ˳
壬пΣ˿ʱ䣬1120֣¿λ30ӵʱ䡣
Ȼʱ䣬ǻϰ취ȥΪŪһҰ
߳УɽҰɼһپһ֯һҰرɡ
ϸ˿ĵ˵ͷ֮룬һɼֱһأ͸СѾͷġ
ŮСŮҲͬҪﲻǡ
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ҰЦкʹ֮󣬱ҡڵĳϿεĽȥ
û¿ΣУ԰ﻹȽϰֻڲٳεѧһЩ졣
ϿεĽ⣬ϤѾУ˿ʱ䣬¿Ρ
бǽߣµ齲Σڷһƪġ
һƪСѧʱȻûѧȴ㱼һ֣СѧʱʦĵĴ
֮ͻȻ¿˼
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Żӭȥ
֪ϲûв֮ɫŵĻأһЦֽ˹ڱǼһᣬųЦݣϽ޵Ļأ˲Ȼʧɫ
ʱͻȻһС
ڻڽ棬еѧء
ЩСһ࣬ѾʮꡢʮһˣѾ˶ʲô͡
Сһɫ΢죬ֵĵһۣȻŻؿ첽ȥˡ
һЦȴǲû׷ȥһȺСһѾΧסˣ硱硱ĽйͣСһǶѾʶˡ
СѾͷһԵһ˫۾ЩĹĵĿ
״㽫ﻹʣµһصݸСѾͷ˵ѾͷǸģʦУҲС



һǧʮ ѧǳԷ
СѾͷʣµһ͸Լֹһһʲô
СѾͷվͲ󣬶ڻʲôĲû̫Ȥ
ȻֹȴǱŹӹϵĻأ˵лл硣
ȻЩģԼͬѧ˵ǿÿҸҵġ
һͬѧ޲¶ĽĽĵǻأСѾͷﱾ
ֻϧǵĸ磬ȻҲܹõˡ
Сһǵ˼ĸоˣ˼һ˵ͬѧǣҲͬΪ׼
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ǰеͬѧһ𡣡
Сһһ󻶺ȻСһ˵ԷѧУʳ𣿡
һӣ˵ȥõľƵԷʲô㡣
𣿡еСһٴ۾øˡ
ͬѧСѾͷ˵գã
СѾͷȴС˵һٷѣûʲôģҲ⡣
󣬸о⻰СѾͷ˵ЩֵֹģҪǰȥһСѾͷȴСѾͷЦŶ㿪ˡ
֮԰೤Ҷ˵Ҷͬѧ֯ͬѧȥУſڼϣȥʦȻȥУſڡ
õģ硣Ҷ
ʮСһǣڰ೤Ҷк֮£ƺƵУſȥ
İ칫ȥ
Ҫ칫ſڵʱü༸ʦһ߳칫ҡ
ʦѾ֪ѧУȣǷ׷ЦŴкˡ
ҲЦŻӦλʦã
֮󣬼ʦ뿪鳯Уſȥ
·ϣͬѧǳԷ˵ˣ鷭˷ۣ˵ҳһٷҲó
ԷãʵڣѧϰıǮԺˣܺúõѧϰǡ
ðɣ⻰ǶԵġ

УſڴһʦһȺѧڴ˼ϣֲʦľֵ˵꼶һİɣѧ˲ȥԷＯʲôǵʦأ
೤ҶǳԷʦ
ѧУţҪ˽ԳУšʦ˵ȴһֹôѧ緹¹ȻͬѰ
֪ġһѧش
ʦͷȻ߳Уš
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೤Ҷ磬һ48ˣȫˡ
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ʱ˵ӣҪעѧǵİȫ
Цģκε⡣
ͷӱ´Ȼ㡣

ʥԵũׯĸɽ缯һ࿪ҾƵꡣ
ũׯסס˵Ļοǵĵڶѡ񣬱סɽ缯ϡ
ɽƵɽ缯õһҾƵ꣬ԽϸߣʱڵԷĿ˲ࡣ
Աڵ˵ЦͻȻŴһȺѧ١
Աһ±ƣһ˵ͬѧǣǸɶѽ
һѧߺߵ˵ȻǳԷѽ
֮ѧҿ£ļŴѧˡ
ԷģȻ±ƣôѧһԷǿɻͷһ
ؼЩСһҪѧУԷҲӦõǵ԰
ֱ߽꣬ǲЩ׹
˼ϵˣȻʶȻûмһ¾ܹµó
˲üһ˵ʦãλ
΢ЦͷһЦ˵ǣСһǵ˰ɡ
õģæĴӦš
ͷСһ˵ͬѧǣҪʲô㡣
ãлл磡Сһ˵Ȼ˷ܵѡԼҪԵĲˡ
ʱ򣬾ƵϰҴҶЦˣӭӭСԣ԰
ͬЦҶϰˡ
ϰҶҶֵԵСԣǿſסĻƤһٷ
Ҷϰ͹⣬Ȼǳӭ
ҶԴϲæǾ߶ˣ룬
Ҷϰ룡


һǧʮ 
顢Ҷߵһǰ£СѾͷͼͬѧҲһ
СһѾ˲ˣҲˣȻҶ㣬ҶһЦҲһˡ
֮ҶһһߵϲˣӵСһǣš
ʱҵĲ½СһǻһӳԿˡ
ЦЦ˵Ҷϰ壬룡
ҶͬЦ룡ʦ룡
ʮСһһٷȻԵ÷ǳ֣ʱҲԵúܳ
극֮ȥ̨ˣҶû˵һٷ룬Ȼ˵
֪Ȼ˵ҪСһǳԷȻ룬˵ͣȻһǵľ
ѲһٷˣһһٷĽڡ
뵽Ҷν̵ġ
֮ҶкȻһ𣬴Сһ뿪˾Ƶꡣ
ڻѧУ·ϣСһߴߴһԵ÷ǳ˷ܡ
ѧУУ֮Сһǽɢˡ
Сһٴʾ˸л֮һѷĴܿˣСѾͷҲͬѧһܿˡ
ҶȥʱңһرûȻ

㣬ϿԤûпΣȴҪȥ칫ңһ߳ѧУš
ѧУţû飬յŴȥ
ߵò죬ûñ㵽˴ڡ
ڸֻе豸Ȼڡ䡱죬ũׯĵڶڹȻڽС
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֣ࡢһƷ裬һ죬˵šӢ۴Ӿ顣
СӴ1231յİ佱ϣƳԱĶױͣǳڵӾ
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һڡ񡷵ĺ£Ϊڡ棬ǹ컹ûдɡ
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һǧʮ һͻȻľϲ
Ȼ֣ࡢһȻܹó
ͬʱŤͷһȻ
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֣ྪȵһڵġЦǲǺ1222ţС˸ͻȻϮ֮ǰҲûκεȻҲȷûбҪ
һЦ˵ҲͻȻϮ֮ǰ˵12Ѯҿʼأʱ䶼ѾЩˡ
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ٺһЦǳװƵ˵дСΪΪ񣬷Ϊ֮ߣ
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ոװһƣʱǳµĿŶϵı仯
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һЦ˵ҲΪһ仰˵úܺãϧһ仰˵ġ
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Ӣ۴ѾһˣȻĽ֣ȴȻͻ
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ڹӹ飬ȻǳڴҲһ硶һʡⲢӰǻ
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㻹˵ܣӹҪпܲͻȻʼء
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Ц裬ˣͷͷǵķϣҾͰһˡ

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˵ǣҲ²òûдں죬Ҳ1222շеһڡЦϣҵƷͽʽʼأӭĶллң



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⣬һѾˣԴ࣬ʵ˵ΪЩ۵ȷеڵȷǹӹѡ񡣲˵һӹӦܹ뵽ǣѡ췢飬ЩˡѵЩˣ
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ΪӴ桷ԭⲿƷıûʲôϵ
ⲿƷԴȴĹ磬ʥһڰɽĴ˵
Դ˵Ѿ׿֤ʵԣʥĴ˵šӴ桷ԽԽ㡣
ɽ۵ԽԽģӴ桷ĶĽ
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µ˵ûҲΪ¡ֻǣӢ۴ȻԼӡĿԴɡ
ҶֵҶԹӹⲿ¡ǳġ˵ҲǣϾǹӹƷһһεĴ漣һ¡Ĵ漣˭֪أ
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εȷҷ飬񡷵ľͷδȥڷԵ·һ
µҲã͵һαչˣúõоо⡶롶񡷣ȡһ飬ܹµͻơ
˵üǡҶһʡͬʱ



һǧʮ 
Ҷһʡ¡ߣڹӹ顶¡ǳġ
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ӹ롶Ӣ۴֮ǰΪģӹؽܵӢ۴Ӱ죬Ӷʹóɼѵ뷨֮ǰЩ΢ҪһЦ
Ǿɳδȥ³һҧгݡ
ܿ죬һ±˷֮ǰҪ˷ܡ
Ϊǿˡա֣ûҲͬΪӹһǾԵðգһǺܴðա
⵱Ȼûдд䣬һðյ顣
ҿӹ˴ӻˣȻȥдӢ۴׼ҪֻˡӢ۴𣿡
ѡдӢ۴ӦǶԼûʲôģ֪Լ飬޷ԽӢ۴Զֲܹʹ˷ʣôҲдһƷǣɴͳڡӢ۴ͷʱ򣬸Ͻһд񡷣һϱĳɼȻȥڷʲôģѾ˲ˡ
ηҷǳͬһӵġô˵⡶¡Ӧþǣӹ˵һƷˡ
٣Ҳһȵѡ¡д֮󣬻ٿһ飬д¡ĺ
ҹ뷨ǲˣȵѡ¡д꣬ɼδػжãӢ۴ܵǣûˣдʲôã
һδԼȻҲûİ취òѡ

һԽԽΪԼҵ˹ӹѡдӢ۴ԭ
ԽԽΪӹһԼȲѵѡԼʹԼ̳͹ȡ
ԽԽˬˬȻҪȥϣǡһˡ
ǣǷ׷ףֳ಻ʱ˵
ʲôӹ֮ѡд񡷣ΪӹдĺƷˣòѡ䡶񡷵ȶȡ
ҲȰҲҪ¡ģ˵¡϶ÿƻˡӢ۴Ŀеĵλ
жԡ¡ǹӹһƷġ
ָһǿЩ񣬡Щһôðˣ
Щһǰ죬ǶԹӹѡʱ䲻ԣ˵ӹͣʲôġ
ڣӹ鷢ˣЩһﵹҵµ⣬Ҳˡ
ֻǣûжȥЩӹΪдƷѡд񡷵ģⲻǳ
ЩǲҪ¡ģǾ͸ˣһǿ˵˷뼤ôѡ񲻿
ЩҲȫûӰ죬ٲԲ룬ѵӹΪдƷѡд񡷵ģ
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ӹһΣƺȷЩðա
ȻȻ룬ڡ¡ȴȻǳڴ
òԼжϣҲһ죬Ҳá¡ãڡ

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µģЩʱ˵Խһ˵СƣЩոҲѾˣΪĻ˵𣿡
һ񵭵ЦȻˣӹܹܲдȡӢ۴õƷҲ֪Ҫ˵顶¡Ϊ˲䡶񡷵;޿ˡ
ͷ˵ûΪΪʲôҪѡдأϾȷǴźܴķա
һԭͲò²ˣоԵİհɡ
оԵİգǿ϶ģԭӦûкܶ࣬һԭ򣬶Ȼйء
йأһɻ˼ǣ
ڡӢ۴ʱ򣬹δȫɳҲδõȫĿ̻ڡ¡УѾʮңӹȻ׼̻󡣡
һѵڡ¡УȻǣ
ĽɫȷȻǳҪӦòǣӦˡ
һͷҲΪӦûỻˣ˭أ
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ٴһЦ˵֮ӣ
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Цѵˣ⵱ȻҲпܡһ¡Ŀʵ̫ˣǳڴ
貨ͷ⻰ûǾĿԴӹһġ¡ɡ
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΢΢ЦÿԴ𣿡
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Ӵ֣һߣһ˵ˣʲô֣
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ХԼĻӣŭĿӣȻȴûа취ɵʵڲ֮䣬˭Ҳκβ˭
ͷʱ˵Сһɵߴ㻹ǸҺˡҲ˵Ĺϵãһ˵ĸĸùϵãҾǰ;



һǧʮ ʼ
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ЩηηĿɵֿͷж˵ҪԼԺЩˣ֪Ӧô𻰡
ʱ˰ƺߣڳһ
æһ֮ǰģһŭĿԲצ˵
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ʱ֣ȥɽţɵͷХ졢׷ơС׷ơٳ˿ռ䣬żͳʧɽ֮䡣

ʱϵһǣԽԽ˷ܺڴΪһڡЦҲΪʱѧ佱
һڵʱ䣬ιˡ
ǵȵˣʱûܹ¡½ˡ
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ﲻ˵Ϊпܻˣչܽ㣬ӦʮһɡǱȽϺʵġ
쿴ɣĳˣǱܹȷˡ
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ŷΪһʦ֮һˣȷоЩźϣְɡ
ֻŷ棬еĸǣӦöһһְɡǲ֪᲻µĸֳ֣ԽԽܹо¡ľʣڴ̫ڴˣ


1230ԽһǾԽ˷ܺͼεڣιһҹڵ1231峿
ȫصꡢͤǰһΧ˵ȴŵǡ
֮ǰһһߵȴһ죬۵ģǹǲǵ⣿
һĴ𰸣õһڵġЦصĵڶµ½ʱ򣬱Ѿ˼ܹ϶Ĵ𰸡
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½չԪ֮ʱ֪ʮ֮һ죬Īͨ˱£ԼԭӦ֮ߣϺȾֵƽƽʱȻֵˡ
޿κ֮У㽫ֵܣ˵Σ֮ʣɽھУֻŮħͷ飬ֲӺ
֮ǰ½ĸʼղȡĪ
ȻڣǷѲãŮɥĪ֣֮ȡֻܹŮ
һڶǿ޲̾Ϣһ



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һڶһ̾濴ȥ
Ȼͬ˵ĪŵҤ棬Ҥ˽Ů׳ȥ壬ȴᡣ
ͨԽҤһĪзӶۣ̬ţĿΣΣʮ겻統һò
֮һʹһڶͷһϣȻ뵽ո˵Ļһ̾
ͨĪ½չԪ½ҲķϣĹŮ޵
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ͨ书վѷĪһ·硣
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˫Ȼ񿡣ĪȴϣȴԽԽļˡ
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ط򸾾ڸǾʮּˡ
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Ƕаһڶֻоǳˬ
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һڶǷǳڴ



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֮Ҥ˵ҪȥѰұĪץߵ½˫Լ׷ȥĳӢ
ȻûҵŮޣȴһط˼öĪµı롣
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֪ǲǶǵãСƺˣΪһˡ
еǳµʱ򣬺˵Сޣ֪˰գ
ͷһȴ˵֮˫ָһľ飬ڵ£ͷ½ϵĵ˫Ų£ա
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֮ǰкۣܶ˵֪ڡ¡Уŷ᲻
ڣѾ˴𰸣ŷ治ʱ仹磬ŵڶ¾ͳˡ
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ǹ˵˼ƺ֪ν֮Ҳٺ£ǹ˰ⶾ
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ǳһ͸ǣѧϰ÷ǳ죬УܿƳҺʣģֻܵټˡ
ʱֻͷɹǹ˫ֻü˼ͻȻƺʲôʱɫ䣬еҲҪǣҪǡ
ȻִѸ뿪ʱߵӰ٣Ҫ׷׷ϣ
ʱ򣬴ֺתһһŮ˫ֱͣڶ˼ͷ
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ضˣһڶֻоǳкϤƺֻص֮ǰӢ۴ʱǷǳǸʱ
ڣضСֻᷢĹ£
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ضʽһСһڶڴļ¿ȥ
ضѰһҩʦĹУ½ׯһ׷֮Ѿ֪Ī½ׯ顣
ڣС˿ϡо⺢ЩϤ
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˾һߣƲ鿴һ֮ȡһһŻ¶裬¡
ֽӹ£ܰޱȣһֱ֮͸
ʱ򣬹ȻſڳХХԶԶͳȥֻȸҷɣ֦𶯲ѡ
һХδѣڶХͳХϼХصǧԶȥ
֪ĪսҲӿХ
Х׳󣬻صȴ߰
˵Х֯һһֻһֻС񲢼ɣԽԽߣСʼղڴ֮
һǱĿޣ黯˫Хǻ죬
һдֱһǴ񫣬·˵Хܹ͸ֽ쳹ڶһ㡣
еŷХ㲽ӿ죬жܣˡ
ųӢĻҩʦХҲͬӿ˽ŲȻùضҵ
ץ½˫еĪҲХҲǹս
տʼʱֻйХĪȻͣЦһȥһ
δֻ֣֪ԽԽȻ֣ȥһᡣ
Ȼ󣬻صХХӦͣᲢá
Īһݣ֪ѵжˣط֣ͬԼȴǹµһˣǾң̾˿ڳҪ½˫ȴаһᣬץıģ첽ȥ
󣬿ŹܽѰХķ˹ضߡ
ܽԭҪ棬Ȼּڣϵ·Ҳ࣬˵࣬Ҳֲ࣬ˡ
ѾܽˣȻܽ˵ʱգתߡ
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ȭͷЦ˵ֻҪ
ŭ˵Լߣӡ
ʧֻߣǱ㲻ˡ
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ߵߣ̽һ书϶Լжϣ˵ĸ£ǲǣ
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һַסϲԭֵܵĺӡ
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ԶУԼôһյĹ򣬱ѱƳЩѪ
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ܵ˵¶ҲȻһᡣ
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ָܵǹ˵¶ԼδĸףѾĸףĵġ㺰˿ڡ
ǹ˸飬ҲӵĻϲ֮£㽫Լ书󡹦
һڶǿ˴ϲ󡹦ǿ书֮һԺͽʮ࿹⣬СӵĻԵȻˡ



һǧʮ ʮ֮ٶȽ
ŷԼ书󡹦ڸһڶ޲Ϊе˷ܡ
֮ǰŷ¶һڶ겻ѡ
ڡӢ۴Уŷ֮ŷˣ˻֮ƣʯѹ˫ȣֱɱ
ŷ书ȴûܱԼĺӣһЩ̺ͱ
Ҳĳͷ
ڣֻԵɺ֮£ŷ֮ŷ濴ԼĺӣӶ¶
һڶֻеꡣ
ܵȾδܹŷϵһθܵ˸ӶһĳΪڤڤ֮ˡ
ŷ֮䣬ΪĹϵʹŵģһַǳŦϵһ
һڶָеЩˣΪŷ棬ҲΪ
صµУ󡹦书֮һȻһʱ֮Ҳ޷ֺ
ŷֻȽͻؿջԸȥҪŷ档
ŷȴ˵Щʱ򲻶ԣȻؿջĺãᰵиţ۸
һڶٴһݣŷȷѾࡣ
ŷ潫ͻؿջ֮ȥ֮󲻾ãض˲ҩϵĶת֣ȴǷǳϲ
Ȼ󽫲ɵļζҩˣ֭¡
ڶ峿ϵĶ˵ø࣬ȥҲض˼ˣӾϲ
Ȼĸȵ顣
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ԺԵúϣˡ
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һСлڡϦꡣѧʱѷͬСɣʮ๦ʵ¯֮
Ƴȥʱ赭дһڄxʱ֮һʮ󾢣һǿһصֱ޼᲻ݡǿơ
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˴һڶֻоȫ˷뼤
֮ǰ˵֪ʮ֮󣬹书ˣȣֻĳ̶ȣ
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һȻֻһ£һڶȻеʧһ¾Ѿ㹻ˡ
һ̫ྫʵݣֵǺúûζһ
һһٶ߰ѵڶ¿顢֮󣬲δİ¡
ϣԽԽĶߵļ룬𽥱û



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ϡ
ڡ¡۵գԽԽ𱬡
صĵڶ£ֵ̫ۺͻζĵطˡ
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ȻҲһܽ˶СȻЩ໥ۣû׼ԺһԻϲԩء
⣬ʽХսĪʾǿֺŷ潻֣书֮䡣
Уŷʽ˷ǳĽȵһϵеݣֵúúõĻζ
ڶ¿꣬ŸոճֻǸӣѾо¡ԽԽˡ֮ǰһ˵ӹ¡ðźܴķգ޻̸֮Ҹұ֤¡һһ·Ͼȥ֮ǰġӢ۴һ
Իһ·ȥеҪ֣ټϡ³ֵĸ֣벻ҲѰ
ǹȻ֮ԵֺãԺĳɾͿ϶͡֮ҲԸеοˡ
ֻĹΪź̾Ϣ˹ض˵룬ȥһϾסؾͲˡ
ȷϧԸȥԸȥСҲԸȥ⻹ĸͬˡ
һγ֣书ȻѾǿܹŷ沢ĳ̶ˣʵ̫˷ˡ
а̳֪߹һƴʦܲͨʲôʱʵ̫ڴˡ
ĻԵǳŷ氵д书Źȥһַǳ书Ӧ֮ܲͨ£ڴĳɳ
ô˵һϳˣܹϰȵĺˡ
ϣһϣϰȵӣûеĸ⺢ӳԵĿѾˣܰҸˡ
ȻǺ޻˵ضҲǳģһԿ϶ֻǣСƺֻ̫ϲ
ȷʵز̫ϲҲȣССͱǻϵ޶¡ΣνռıˣȻΪ̬ܽȣ̫ϲضˣռԴӵĹıˣҲȷʵ̫ӦáضЩҲ֮С
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һӦûȥһˣǲ֪ŷ᲻ȥŷȥһ˵Ķء
֪ȴһڵذɡһڵȴˡ


һǶţܹȥһϣϰȵӣúó
ôԸܹܲʵ֣һϹϰȵ
ֻڽнˡ
һ۷׷ףһǣҲͬ۸ͣ
עĲص㣬һȣ΢һЩһ
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֮ǰе˶Ϊӹѡ¡ðżķա
Ȼڣ¡֮󣬴ҷ֣֮ǰνļķգƺڱԽԽС
һڶǲòٴθпӹվǹӹЩ߾ǲһ
һߵȦ
¡Ѿˣô
ȫ̳ˡӢ۴ķ񣬶ң֮ľ飬֮񡷣ֻǻй֮޲¡ҲͬΪһ䣡
ȷֿܣҲһϾڽֻ£ҲֻǸӡⲿƷȡĳɼڻȫжϡȻĿǰɼǴﲻӹԤڵЧҲȥ
ţĿǰȷܹȫжϡϾǹӹΪӢ۴ĺƷǵڴֵҪ󣬶ǷǳߵġԣȻжϡ
Ǽעͺˡ


һ˵ڡ¡۵Ľ㣬ȴΨһĽ㡣
ͽٰģ22ʱѧ佱Ҳͬ۵Ľ֮һ
ΪעڴģȻǡӢ۴ӾԼԱǵĽɫױ͡
Ȼһ쿪ʼһС˵ҲͬǣԼעĽ㡣



һǧʮ ݳ˭
ʡϷӵ̨һֳ̨ʱһƬæµʱѧ佱ֳ
İ佱񣬽аϷڵĶҵֱֳ̨ͬ
ʱѧίṤԱϷӵĹԱʱΪİ佱Ĳź׼
ڶĹߣҲڽУĲɷ׼
ΪȨѧཱҲзǳߵȨԣİ佱עĿע˷ǳࡣ
ÿעصȻͬһһС˵Ϊԣܵ˵Ĺע
ǶС˵ûȤˣҲŷǳȤ
ΪһʱѧΪλһ˵Ѿ÷ǳ㡣
е˶֪ΪӹһӢ۴Ʒ
ǾҲк֪֮ܶꡣ
ڽЩʱʱѧίС˵ʱѧѡ롣
ǣһ⵽ˣίᲿԱķԣ֧һͷһִּ¡
ǣ˺һС˵һǣͨԼƷԼȥʱѧί֤ǵС˵ʸ񣬻ʱѧѡʸ
һҲǳڴϣ˴ΪƷ
УҶһǵƷǵõһº
ȻʱѧίȻԶԶ
ûйϵйӹġӢ۴
Ӣ۴ӵһؿʼһ·ǿƵףڶΪ֮̾˷ܡ
գӢ۴ĵõˣ10ֵĹٷ֣õʱѧίһϿɣʹС˵ɹˣʱѧѡʸ
Ӵ֮С˵ǵĵλһʵ̨ס
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һ֮ǰӹһԽŮճС˵أС˵ȫʱ
ƳǾС齣¼ѪХ硷ԧ쵶ȶಿƷ
ڹӹƷӰ£ǣҲʼС˵ӶʹС˵磬һƬٵ̬
ҲΪٵ̬ʹʱѧίĳԱС˵ʱѧѡ롣
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⣬ýǻָİ佱ϣС˵ĵýƷʾͽǡӢ۴
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ôһֽ˭ݳΪֵùעĽ֮һ
вýɷµģݳߣ˴󵨵Ĳ²⡣
Ҳý֮ĳƣĳĳǸϷӵ̨пܱݳߡ

ýǵĸԤȱñѾǳ˷ܵǣøӵ˷ܡ
еİ佱񣬱øӵȲ
ý˵Ĳûд佱ĿǣΪӢ۴Ӿ紴ˡҿڴһڵʱˡ
Ҷȴһڵʱ䡣ǣݳĸֵ˭
֪һý˵һλ㽭һǸ֣Ϸӵ̨ǡӢ۴ӾݳߣҲ֪Ǽ٣
㽭֣ƺܰΪ㽭Ǳߵĸ֣еĸȻҲܹóģϾѵһε
ǱҪ˵ô˵ⴴˣ
˵׼ûдƷǹĿԣоҪһЩ
ﻹǹŶһǳĺ
ⲻϻƷвģƷǧһء͡顷ֱǰᣡ
˿ˣʮСʱˣҾڴǡ




һǧʮ ͬ
ʥ塣
ůů̫˵ϣǳ
˺ܶ࣬֣ࡢҲڴɢ
İ佱СӲȥֳЩϧˡ
֣ҲɲǣȷͦϧġСӻǲع⡮ӹݣҲûа취顣
ǺһЦ˵Ҳֳ񽱵Ʒǡ񡷣ûʲôʧ
˵Сӵ״ʲôʱ򣬲Źӹݣڵݺ͵λʵѾԹˡ
ĳһɣڹȷǿԣǵҽáӹݣƳһЩƷڻǲһЩ
Ŷ֣ϴνרʱ˵ģϽصȫƷ
ͷǣŴĶϰߵı䣬ЩƷŴĶߺгֻЩƷǵĴͳƷܴűȽϴĲ졣
űȽϴĲ죿֣΢˼Ƭֵ̣ɣҵʱҪСνȫƷǴͳƷжĲ죿
ҲҲǳĺ棬СӴʲôʱƳ
ЦƳƷ֮ɡʱЩƷӦûöϾ÷ǳ˼ġ
֣ࡢͬʱɣǵţ
û⣬ȵ̫ˡ
һһ߼죬˵˹İ佱顣
İ佱񣬿˵ΪڴģҪڴ
ԭֻһʱѧһС˵
ǰС˵һ죬Ҳʱѧİ佱콱
˵ʵλõģǳڴ

УĳƵĳ֮ڣλԷ
⼸λ˶ͨˣֱݺɣӹΨһ˽ܷܷʱѧί칫貨
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ЩȻˣԵݲȴǲСʱһԷ̸ЦշǳǢ
է֮£΢һ죬ʵһҲ죬֮һԷΪ͹ӹͨ㡣
ֻ˵Ϊİ佱ϣӢ۴Ӿһ¡
ȻȻɲϵģӢ۴Ӿݳߣл͢ˡ
ΪˣȻΪһŮ˶Գġ
ÿˣıݷǳӣ֪ݽעĽ֮һ
ֳĲŷǳɹҶǳˣһϼƱһԷ
һٷȻǳĺãֻǶ貨桢л͢˵һǳź飬ǹӹûֳ
˵ʧȥһӹùϵľѻᡣ
֮еģҪӹùϵΪˡӢ۴ӾײȨ
ܹԵĿ϶Ӣ۴ӾʽǳĸߣӾʼ¼һǳɵ顣
ĵӾ¼ҲŲСĻᡣ
ܹ϶һ㣬ȻҲܹ϶
󣬸̨֮䣬ڡӢ۴ӾײȨᣬǳļҡ
ܹһλᣬӹùϵĻϷϣһơ
ϾϷΪĴ֮һкǿľټһϵǿԾͺܴˡ
ԣӹûԹеǳź
ȻӹùϵӹΨһ˽ܷܷùϵӦҲһЧ
Ҫ콱ӹܹܷܷ죬ɼӹܷܷǷǳΡ
ԣܷܷùϵȻҲһѡ
⣬˵һεʱѧ佱ϾУҲᡶӢ۴ӾײȨһ
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л͢˷ǳ˷ܣӢ۴ӾԱ㡢䡢ݼ˾ˣҲͬǳ˷ܡ
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˵ĹעڴУɫںپһĵȴڵһ㣬佱ĵʱ׶Ρ
ϷѾʼֱֳ
佱ֳ̨ǰĹϯϣѾȫ˹ڣв׵Ĺˡ
ҵȫ˷ܺڴɫ໥̸֮ЦţţֳԵ΢һЩӡ
̨ǰһֱֳֿ̺ͨ᳡ߡ
ں̺ס̨ĵطһƬרŵĲɷ򣬴Ĺߣųǹڣں˼ơ
Ҫαʼߺ̺ǿҪɵˣɷܲɷá
£ɷߣһ㶼ܾ
120֣䡢ҶλϷӵ̨Ҫαʽʼߺ̺
ֳʱСȥйǵĿ⣬ȫ˺̺ϡ
αҪѧĶңԼҡ
ǵ֣ǷǳϤǵĳ࣬ȴϤǳİ
Ͼαǲǣڹǰ¶棬ҶǶֻʶʶˡ
ԣһڹǶڸǵĳ࣬ǳĺ棬ȫɴ۾ź̺ķ
ÿ߹һλα֧˱һʱܹǷ˽֮
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ֳĹУԵ٣ڴǵ볡
֮ǰýرҶһʡ¡ơ˾߸磬λҶǰֳеߣ֤һʷʱ̡
дʸҲΪڴǹӹ
ǳźǣ֮ǰʱѧٷȷϣӹڽֳƷ񽱣˽ܷܷ졣
⣬ίٷˣС˵˼Ҳͬˡ
еǣһȸеǳź
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˽Ůܷܷûǵȴ̫á
ں̺ˣһĸʮŮӣ˺̺
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Ȼֻ˵ӹ˽ܷܷС㣬ӭ㣡
Ϻ̺ܷܷΪĽţ֪콫ֳĽ֮һ
չֳһУԼӹ˿Ĳ
ţ΢еߵĸ߸Ь΢һЩϰߡ
֪ôߵĸ߸ЬˡܷܷоԼѡЬӡ
ѡһµĻǻѡһ˫߸ЬҪԼչֳ
ֳȺеһǣ۾Ϊһ߿ź̺ȵܷܷһ˽
˵ܷܷѵһŮȻƯôߣĻôáŮӹء
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ǰǳܷܷƯȻһԭ򣬵Ҫ϶ǣӹ˼ҵ
ٺ٣ҿƯҪȻӹ￴ϣ
˵úеӡ


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ʱӻǰĹǣտϷӵֱֳеԣѾĶķǡ
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ӹȻһǳź飬ܹƯ˽ƺҲһǳ顣
Ů֮ӦþҶ˰ɣȥֳȫйӹĸء
ǿ϶һİ佱ǵһС˵ߣȫǹӹĹ͡


佱ֳ
ǵĲ²Ⲣûдܷܷ֮Ϻ̺ˣҶһʡ˾Ȱλҡ


һǧʮ С˵
Ҷһʡ˾Ȱλ˺̺
Ȼǽ첻ܹվ̨ȥ콱Ȼǳļ
Ϊ佱ֳ̺Ѿһϵҫ
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֮ǰ˭ܹţʱѧ佱ĺ̺ϣС˵ߵӰ
ֳС˵ǣ˺̺ϰλңͻ
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ڰ֣΢΢ЦѾߣһλصСֱֳܹͨȫѾ㹻ˣȥȥֳһ
ͷ⻰ȷûдܹۿ佱Ĺ̺ͽ˵Ѿ㹻
ڵӻǰۿֳۿûʲô

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ڰλ֮Ϻ̺ǣӢ۴ӾܵݺɣԼλݡ
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ںɺλ֮ڶ߹̺
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ܷܷһڶΧ˸ˮйͨʵ⣬󲿷Ȼ͹ӹйء
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ڽɷܷܷ֮ڹԱĴ£ߵԼļαϯ¡
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155֣еļαߺ̺佱񼴽ǿʼ
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϶ҪڣС˵֮
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вֽ˹ڵƷΧ֮⣬ҲйƷΧйƷջ񽱵ġ
ѶƪС˵ĵǣƪС˵ҽܸ˹Ʒ
ʥ壬Եӵӻǰ
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֣ȷʵ飬ܸ˹ҲܳĶƪС˵ˡˣ˵һν²ȥѾͷѾͷͿҪźˣҲӦ׼ȥ˰ɡ
ͷţǷż˾ȥ¶СѾͷʹüΣʲôʱȥˡ
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ε˵ϣûɶһ˵ˡ
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佱ֳһһİʱ425֡
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Ϊڴ͹עĽˡ
ʱϷӵļʱʼʾʱڳʼ̬Ѿﵽ˾˵14.8һڲ
Ϸ̨棬˷ܵʹһ棬֮ߵʣǵ̨ŨīزʵһʣҲǵ̨ǳĺô
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ֵ㣬ʲô
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Ѳס㣬ԡӢ۴ⲿƷǳϤ
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ȷˣȻѲңҲͲˡ˵Ӧö֪һǰ䷢ʲôˡ
Ҷ˵ʵʵһʱǾѾ֪ˡ
ֳЦҲЦԭôԣðɣǵһǱʱѧһС˵
ҶӿڵûС˵Ǳһ֮ԻһǰǴҶѾǳϤˡֻ΢һЩźǣС˵ֻһƷΧǱǶѾǳϤġӢ۴ڣǸŴĻһعһ£ӹⲿ
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ͷ·ص˼֮ǰ׷Ӣ۴ӡ
һڷǣʱҲͬܵ˺ܴĸȾǲûпӢ۴ԭС˵ʱҲͬһּȵĸоӢ۴
һع˽ܣʮңΧƷУʱģҪöࡣ
ȻеȻ̫ˣع˽ܲʱ˶һδĸо
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ֳĹǣһηЦ
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ֳԣԼӻǰǣҲͬ˷ּ鲻Խķ󻶺
֮ǰһΣС˵ڴ˿̣һľš



һǧʮ ݿʼ
佱ֳ
ĿУ̨ܷܷѾƽģһα÷ǳĽš
֪ʱ˫۾ɲš
ܷܷߵ̨ϣ貨ˣֱʷϵһʱѧС˵һ֤䷢ܷܷ
ܷܷСģӹǳصĽ֤飬ִ˷뼤
һӰ֮貨̨ܷܷߵͲǰȻҪӹһ񽱸ԡ
ܷܷú˵֪ҷǳźվԴˣӹίҸ˵һǸӹǳлÿһλߣƷϿɺ֧֣˵뵽õıҵķʽǴľʵƷ
ҵʱܷܷĻ񽱸Էϣ˵ǷǳźڴӹܸǴľƷ⣬ûмӹǴȻǳźܹ˵йӹ˽ŮҲеǳҡ
ܷܷ˵ллȻ˺ü⣬ܷܷһһ˻ش
ȵ̨ܷܷαϯ֮С˵İ佱̣Ǹһˡ
ȻڡӢ۴Ļ⣬ȴǲûн
ֻ˵Ǹոյİ佱ѾӢ۴ⲿƷҲѾµʱ䡣ǣڡӢ۴Ĺ£ȴûн
ûҶڵǶ֪ӹƷ¡Ѿʼڵء롶Ӣ۴ӵԿǡӢ۴ôǾţⲿ֮ΪǵƷҲһΪӢ۴һƷǷǳڴ
ֵˣӢ۴Ӿ磬ҲѾʽڡǰڳĹԼɫԱѡǣѾȫɡ
ҶûǶֻ֪ڷǳǣԱǵĽɫͣ׶ʲôӵģƺûйԱǵĶױա
ȷûйûйϵΪӢ۴Ӿ飬Ѿǵİ佱ֳұܹԱǵĶױˡ
Ҷһ̵ĵĹѾڴܾˡ⻹Ǵڴġ
ӹ˵֪ڴʲôΪӢ۴Ӿ紴ǲǣ
ǣ
ֳйڶʱͬشǳ˷ܡ
ӻǰĹǣҲͬ˷뼤ǻǷǣˣڵȵһˡ
ֳ̨ϣҶһش˵ͬѾǳԵĸоˣе궯ڴ룬ʱڵӻĹǣȻҲͬǳڴôǣ֪֣Լݳ𣿡
룡
ֳǵĻش𣬱֮ǰӵ飬ҲӵȲڴ˷ܵɫ
ӻǰĹҲͬˡ
̨Ҳȷ˽𰸵ʱ̣Ȼˣôھ͸ߴңڴѾõѪġݳǡǡǡ
ڴұԽԽ˷ܵʱ˭أڻǲܸߴңȻǵֳ̨׸ʱ򣬴Լɡ
һڹֻһ̲סݺݵ²һ
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ǲ룬ѵһ׸λֺϳģ
Ҷˣٺ͹ǻ˼֮˵̨󷽣Ӣ۴Ӿʽʼ
ֳļαǣǵӻǰеĹǣȫĿתĶ̨֮ϡ
̨ϣ̨󷽵ĴĻϣȳ˻档
ʼĳããĴ֮ϣˮȣԶһС֡
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йڵ۾Ѿµʲôطһ
ôҪȻǶаҩʦˡ
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һʮöֳﴫ
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֮ĻеĻҩʦֹͣ˴࣬ڱߣȻǰһ
ʱĿתŴĻһڹǣͻȻо۾һȻĻеĻҩʦ㲻Ӱ
ԲʱȴһӰͻȻڴĻǰһۣθݣ֮ǰĻеĶаҩʦ
һڹ棬ǾȻûп壬ҩʦǫ̂ϵģƺǣֱӴӴĻһ㡣



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ҩʦĳ̨֮ߵ̨ǰٴνߴ̬࣬ףһֵķɣչֵ쾡£һڹǷǳ
ҩʦķװͣҲһڹǷǳľϲ⡣
ǸոһȽҩʦġҩʦһλִԱݵġ
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ԼĸоеĹǾϲĪ
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һĸߴŰ£߱ĿػƣӢ絶ƽӳĻ֮ϡ
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֮ǰһеĹ־۾һĻеŷ治Ӱǰ̨ϣͻأĳŷӰ
һڹǸ棬һѾ׼ȴûп̫壬ŷ浽̨ϵģ
ȻⲢҪҪŷһ̨ϣһʮ־µĸоȻҩʦǸ߳ٵΣ絶ƽһ㲻
ȻǹȻвĸоȴǷǳ˷ܵģΪԽָоԽ֤ԱĽɫԭȺܸߡ
֮ǰĻҩʦˣڵŷͬˣڽĽɫһڹǱԽԽڴ
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ȻһƵӰֲ֮ɮۣİü۽Ǵ£üĿü࣬һӺݻɫһƴʦ̨֮ϡ
һƴʦ֮Ǳؤ߹
ֻ̨ϵĺ߹һų΢룬ִţ·һһĴ˲ȴϴøɸɾһȣӨ񣬱ϸŸĴ«
ں߹֮󣬱ͨߣˬӢƮݾס
ˣȫǳÿ˸ɫŷǳߵıʶȣǲû֮ǰĻϵĻҲܹһۿ
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ԱǵĽɫױͣչ˹ǵǰÿɫıʶɺܸߣϤӢ۴ԭС˵ˣܹ׵ıϳ
չַʽһּǿӾС
ֱһڹֻоԼѾ뵽ˣӢ۴ĽУһжôʵ
ʱ򣬴ĻϵĻ棬ͻȻΪ˻ɳççĴĮֳҲһе֡
һһڴĮ֮ϣ֮޴ɳۣɳ
ʱֳе֣ˡ~~~~ǵػɳĺ
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ͷ·ÿһˣͻȻ޼ʵĴĮ֮ϣ޴۳
˶˷ܺͼ֪ʼˣʼˣΪӢ۴Ӿ紴Ѫġʼˣ
ֻǸոտʼǰಿ֣Ѿչʾ˼ǿĸȾȾ֮񼤵֮£˲뵽˸⾳֮С
Ʒ֮һ֮ǰеƷǣһסѪġȻǡ
ֻǰಿ֣еĹǱѾȷһסѪġֽǺʵľ֮
ǰ࣬ϴĻϵĻ棬ŸǿĸȾ뻭С
УԾ޵ӣʱǹ
ͷһʮģŨüۣԴһ˿ɬ
ʱ΢һЩĻϵĻ棬ҲɻɳççĴĮϮһ޼ʵĲԭ
Ҳһˣ߶һʮģŮӡ
Ůӳ磬ȫ£ʤѩޱȣɫɱӣŮһ㣬ȻŮǻˡ
ض˸һУͷúԶܳɾ°ˣȴƺһЩտ¼š
ʱǰøӻͣһûͲӰ̨ĺ󷽣ûеƹ⣬ʱģֻܹӦһŮ
ţŮͲߣһֳﴫ
ϡڲ֡

һڹֻһȻŮɫտһЩ飬һ˿Ĳɣ
ֻеĹڣ΢Щǣһ
֮ǰЩ˵Ĳ²Ȼûдһδ
ҲĵһƷ
ʵ͹ϣűȽϴĲġ
ͨʵˣδܹϸ
ִʦڹĴϣȻʲô
Ĺľ䣬Ҳһ
˶ԴŲɣ



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һסѪġҲһ
ϡڲ֡
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һվڹض˵ĽǶдָ־ԲֻǹضˣκһλŮ
ֻǽŮÿһһˡ
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ΪѾЩµĳ䣬ͻȻʱףЩ£Щӵжʧȥ⣬һֱļ䣬Ӳȥš
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ܹͬһ
ٳһ֣ܶǲ⣬֮ǰ˵ǡ˵ʱ򣬾Ѿ²ˡ
ֻ룬˿ѪġӦŮԳˡ
ⲻĵһǵһŮԳ
һڹǵԺ˼ֵӰ
׿¶ϳԹ
ȻɷǳϤܶ˵˼һҲѾŲµλи˭ֻȻյĿ϶
һסѪġȻŮԳĸһڹǱøӵ˷ܣŮԳĸЩʱȶӵĶ
һ֮˵ĺϳ
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׿¶ϳԹ鵽ߡȻ²ۣǻѽϵЩԹԹ𣬷ͨͨȴİ˶飬ߵĺǡ
ȻԹôȴοʱѾɽڣƶձս֮࣬ضˣİõǣְģ
ǲǲУһԶҲ޷ʵֵΰˡ
ȻǲԶ޷ʵֵΣվҪصʵĻϣضеĻʧ
ͬʱ̨֮ϣŹɹŲװϱһѾ޹
Ȼһ£ʤѩޱȡ
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ķɳĮã
紵Բԣ
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ͷɳҰãã
Ц룬
ࣩ

һΣеĹ۾ȻȻǲŮسķʽ
Ůͬʱͬĸʣͬһһᣬ໥һѽѷ֡
Ȼ໥ֻţŮܹ÷ǳ
ĳλֵҪ󼫸ߣĳҪǳӲ໥֮仹ҪŷǳĬϡ
ȻҪƷ˵ҪߣҲΨܹᳵ·ļԦ
ĴʣĳڹǵĶУȻһּµܡ
׿޷ʵֵΣصʵ֮УϵŮ˽飬Źصѽѷ֡
ķɳĮã紵ľѩ˪棿
ϵնԶԶЩȻӶӡӶŮѷ֡
ⱼڡһʱ̨ϵĹ乭ĶұԲһ֧׼˲չ᰿Ĵ
ֻҪҵһɣһ֧ͽԼٶȣ񷡣
һڹ̲סһͺжپޣ·ֻҪһƥһŹҲܹͬһڲãĲԭϳ
Ц롣˭ܹЦ룿ֻ˵˭ʸЦ룿
ֻЩ˼ĺ壬ǻѪֺȻһΪ˹ңΪյˣʸЦ롣
һڹţһĺʱһʸ
ڼ
ԲҰãã
Ӧ֪ˮ
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նң
ٽҲļ䣬
Ѷϡ
ˣĵһǼãտִĺ~~~~
ĺòһһŮλֻǰƹϵʱеĹǣڿ˵ò
û̫ھȣΪѾͨǵµǵݡ
㽭һ߾Ǹ֣л͢Լ㽭߾Ǹ֣
ֻ֮ǰܹٷ֮ٵĿ϶ڴʽһڹ˷Ī



һǧʮ Ҳ
ѪġݳΪл͢λǸ֣еĹǸ˷һЩ
˵ĸԷ˿˷ܵòУⲻƷǹӹƷӢ۴Ӿ
һעҪΪĸл͢˺ϳǵķ˿β˷ܣ
̨ϣл͢Ҳͬ˷ܣЩš
ⲻһ̨ȫģʱѧ佱ֳ̨ϳ裬һҫ
οһ׸軹ΪӢ۴͸ӵ˼
һ׸Ůس˵һֲСսҪŷǳߵĬ̶ȣҪЧûдô򵥡
Ϊܹһ׸質ãѾ˺üʱ䡣
˵һȻûа׷ѣոЧﵽĳ̶ȡ
˾΢΢һûйǵΣҲûйڣʮʱĿȴ
ڵһ鳪꣬Ѿϳʱţܿ죬˿ʼ˵ڶݳ
ڶʱЧƺȵһʱҪһЩ
еĹ˵ڶ͵һһĺҲһȡ
ȵĵڶ鳪꣬ཥȥ
̨ϵл͢ˣһľϹл֮һ߻֣һ̨
ʱ򣬹صһڡӢ۴еҲ̨
ոսζʮ̨ÿˣζҲʧ
еĹǣͻȻһȻʧĸоڡѪġɺ͸ƺڶƣǻٻζһ
ȻվֻǼ󣬡Ӣ۴ӾıѾ䡢Ҷˣߵ̨롣
һС֮˵֪ǵĹǣ϶ϣôվ̨
ҶӿڵȷģʵҲôվ̨ǸոյĽĿѾˣǲòվ
ֵոյĽĿȻѾˣŹǵĻ⣬ȴһԶԶûн
ҶûոյĽĿݣҲʵĻΪʱѧ佱ϣΪһĻ֮һ
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λ˵ȻˣǵĻȴԶԶûн
ŽĿݵĽ佱Ҳʽӽβ
پһϵеĻ֮󣬵22ʱѧ佱ʽ
ֳĹǻ볡ڶýǣʽæµĲɷôĻ񽱵ңԼҪαҪɷõĿꡣ
ֳȰ佱ʼǰҪæµҲ΢һҡ

佱ʽϷӵļʱҲ½
̨ڵģеĵ̨ԱȴǼȵ˷ܡ
ΪոաӢ۴Ӿڼ䣬ʱƽʴﵽ˾˵28.4һ޷ŵ֡
ȻȴʵʵķˣһʽΪϷӣŨīزʵһʣǳش
һڸֻ̨̨֮࣬Ľ뼵ʡ
ȫа̾Ϊʲôһİ佱ƫƫϾأ
ֱʱѧ佱ĵֻ̨ϷһңȻϷȻõġ
ø̨ǣһϷᡶӢ۴ӾײȨϣǾһˡ
Բһõ飬̨硣

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ϷӵֱһڹҪǫ̂Ҫô˵ӡ
ǵ飬ȴɻ˷ܺͼ֮Уô磬ΪõľۼأϣĹ鲻ϣշǳĻ𱬡
۵Ҫ㣬ȻǡѪġһ׸裬Լֳرݡ
׸軹һ裬Ҳͬ䣬ǿʼǰ࣬ѾһѪڵĸо
ƷԶô䡣л͢ˣҲһߵľǸ֣һ׸÷ǳ
׸費ֻǸҪǣ롶Ӣ۴ϣϢϢءŸܹܵӢ۴ǲãĽ硣
ȻרΪӢ۴дƷ
ллӹΪǣǵֶһ׾Եľ䡣
һ׸Ůس﷽ʽŷǳио֪֮󻹻᲻Ƴĸ
ָݳߵҪܸߣԴߵҪߡҹԺٳֳĸˡǳ֣Ҳ֡




һǧʮ 
Ѫġÿһ˶ǳϲٷ顣
ֻǿϧǣһ׸軹ᷢеҪȵӢ۴Ӿײ֮󣬲Żᷢе
֮ǰһ׸ˣһ˷ǳͣȴûʲô취ֻšӢ۴Щɡ
ȻϣӢ۴ЩɣֻΪԭ
֮ǰĽĿϣԱǻԭȷǳ֮ߵĽɫ࣬ҲͬôҶڵӾǳڴ
ˣûпԭС˵ķǣҲͬˡ
ȻûпԭС˵ڶⲿӾǳڴܹӳ
ҲǣֲôϲС˵أֽĸоȷ˷ǳ
ͻȻ֣Ҹӵӹһ仰ˣ˵ĵطнһ仰ֻеĽĻҲǽҲкһĶԹ𡣡
ӹ˵һ仰ڽɼڵУҲͬˡ
ȷʵҲһСףǲ۵ӾôͻȻôпˣ
Զԣ۵Ӿ磬˵ĺƯݵĻؼֱͬŮһ㡣ǵУԱƯģҲֻӨضˡ
ȵݼҲƯȻ㣬ҲŮġ


۷׷ףո뿪Ϸӵ̨ģӢ۴ԱҲ˷ܲѡ
ոյıݿνǳĳɹֳǵľϲ˷ܣܹԵĸо
ôɴ˿󣬵ӻǰĹǣȻҲͬľϲ˷ܡ
һδʽĵĵӾ磬Ѿù˵˷ܣôȵɣʽײʱʻǶ٣
Ա֪Կ϶ǣԻһ˾ϲ֡
ݺɹһЦ˵ǵһ磬ӳĵĵһ𣬱ܵ缫Ĺעڽ֮עһΡ
Ǹеȵ˷ܣͬʱҲӦøеѹһӾǱҪĳõЧ
ŲùӹԼ˷ڴĹʧ
ŶԵӹһƷŶԵ˾ŶԵÿһ˵Ŭ
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˵Աǲû¶ʹ֮ɫȫ˷ܵıʾӦˡ
Ҫһ磬ȻҲϣݳõЧ
˾ǵɶ١
ʵ˵ǵȷܵ˲Сѹȴ˷ܵĶ

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佱֣ࡢ˴ָ߳̾˼֮˵ʱѧ鳾䶨Ҳǽһˣµһꡣ
֣пڴѾסһʱˣʱǲһʱ䣬ȴǷ飬ȫǳ˼һ룬ʱõҲ졣
ȻǴͳĴڣҲͬ꣬ҪףһģҾũׯԱ͹̶ӵĹǳԷϾΣ
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ũ25ţһ¶һʱ䣬СѾͷźٵʱ113ա
֣ࡢ˼֮뿪ҪȥѧУСѾͷˡ
Ȼ壬꣬ѧУȻҪżٵġ
ѾҪѧˣߵѧУſڵʱѧУոշѧһ
ССܺǣߴߴ߳ѧУУţķɢȥ
СѾͷʹļܺҲѾУţУԱߴߴ˵Żû뿪
ӦСѾͷģ߹ȥһʣȻСѾͷ˵ʦҪȥǵһ𡣡
ЦЦСѾͷԼܺǣһ
֮߳УţСѾͷԼ֮ܺһЦ˵߰ɡ
·ϣСѾͷܵߣ֣˷ܵʵ磬13ŷż٣ʲôʱȥ¶ǣ
ʮߺŵӰɣаµʱأѾͷҪż
СѾͷƲµʱܿ͹ȥˡ磬˵Ҫͦ鷳ģǰãʱˡ
СѾͷ˵İɣѾͷˡ
СѾͷֹźߺȻɿ֣ͼܺһ𣬱ıܵǰȥˡ



һǧʮ жһ
СѾͷͼܺǰı˸ںţʱߵ˴ڡ
ܺһɢԼļȥСѾͷܹ֣Ҳżȥ
˼ʱʱѾ磬Ѿ׼Ҫʼˣ֪ҪȻ׼òˡ
״Ҳȥ׼СѾͷҲ󣬷ҲҪȥæȴ쿪ˣѾͷϽҵȥ
СѾͷ죬ֹ˼֮󣬱ʵʵдҵȥˡ
ʱãɫҲ
Թ֮˻˷䡭

һҹ޻ڶ峿һƳӣµһ죬µһꡣ
˯˿Ե飬մһ˿Ц⣬Ȼ˯𣬻һΡ
ĽִŲ𴲣ô顣
߳䣬ɫոԶľʣһ㵭ı֡
ﻹǳİԶĳܹϲʱĴӡ
߳Ժӣ̫ĵطһŵĺϼӽܲ
һڴܲһ߲ժںȻŭŵʻҪΪĵһػ
ȻΪأ֪ŮӵĻԶࡣ
һСʱ֮ŻػصԺӣѾ緹ˡ
ƿţɻûŻߡ
֮󣬻ᵽʻ㣬˯ʵ˫ۣŵһʻʱ鲻Խġѽһľϲ֮ɫ
Цѽ֣
ӣֽӹأһǣ΢һЩɬ˵лл
֮һŨɷԱ޵Ļ䡣
ֹһӴ·֮һ˷䡣
һϴ֮Ѿ緹
Թ緹̫Ѿ˳ӽȻǳʺˡ
ڴתһȦ֮ڴ̶ӵĹѾæµˡ
죬Եø˷ܣΪ꣬Ϊ콫ҪǳԷ
ˣǷ׷ЦŴ˵ׯʦ֣
ͬЦһһӦ
ʱʦŶҲΪϯ׼
ʵϣ쿪ʼʦŶӾѾæµˣϰϯΪС
ϯصڴڵĿյϣϰѾںãһſȥΪ׳ۡ

ʱ12㣬ũׯԱ°̶࣬ӵĹҲͬ¹ˡ
˴˵Цϯص㣬顢ϰ֡衢塢ԼӡӵæкˣСѾͷҲͬкһȺܺӡ
֣ࡢ򸾣峤ҲѾˣʱſ˵Ц졣
ʱ½ϰѾ
Ҫ˵ʲô׵Ļ˱ֱϾϲˡ
ܿ죬ɫĲƷѾ໥˵롱ǿˡ
ܿ죬ｻӸ
ܺ˼ȾƣҲģϴƣһ˵һ֡
ϰǾƣҵ֣ͬʱҲлƽʱڹУΪũׯŬ
Ϊ˴ҹͬŬׯôң
ƽʱԱֻ߹̶ӵĹˣǶǿˡ
ϰÿһǶǳ˷ܵļæվ𣬽ƣ֮һϰǳֹ
֮Ա߿ʼԷһֱڵƻ
һٷ꣬Ѿ㣬ʱϰʱˣ⣬ô3ʱ򣬲ſʼϰࡣ
Ȼ˷ܲѣھϯֳϢƬ֮󣬱̸뿪ˣǲ㵢̫ϰʱ䡣
Ա½ȥϰ࣬Ҳ˵ЦŻ˹أոմȻȵ÷ǳˣʵûкȶپƣӰĹ
ȵϳԷʱǱ΢һˡ
뿪ˣϰ֡衢塢֣ࡢҲȥˣСѾͷ綼֪ܵʲôطȥˡ
֣ȥ˰ɽŸ档

㣬ԱǺ͹°֮ٴϯص㣬ϵϯ
ϯ֮ȻｻΪϣҿԱ΢һ㡣
ԣһٷԵøã극֮󣬴Ҳû뿪໥ǳµļ˵Ц
ڴ˵ĵһ죬Ҳ˷ܵһ졣
˵ĵһ죬ҲǸжһ졣
лũׯеԱл̶еĹˡ
лĸˣл飬лѣл֧֡ϲķ˿
лʶˣʶˡ
һеһУΨил


һǧʮ һԵ
ҹЩˣϯϵĿ½ɢȥ
顢ϰϰ֣塢СѾͷҲص˼
ĵһ죬Ǹ˵һ죬ҲǸжһ졣
Ȼ˽죬ҲͬӵһŸжģڽһֱı䡣
ڶȻϢ˳Թ緹֮󣬴СѾͷһȥسǣسһ졣
سȻ󣬵ֵĵطȴǲ٣һΪĹɫĽֵŨʷ̵Ϊʤ羰ȵȡ

˴СѾͷسˣϹڡӢ۴Ӿ磬ԼѪġһֱڳ
ȫţܹ쿴Ӣ۴Ӿ磬ܹѪġ׸衣
ȻҲ֪жôҲҪüµʱ䡣
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һǲϲС˵ûпӢ۴ԭС˵ĺ£ûжĿ
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еǶһأȫǳڴ
һڡЦеʱ16ţܿᵽ

顢СѾͷسһ죬صӵʱɫѾЩˡ
ڶڴһ죬ʱѧУһֵϿˡ
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Ȼûм֮󣬼ӱΪеìܡ
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Ƕ˵Ķֲ֣Ϸ䣬֮ܿƾκҲ϶
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ʱĻؼĴǲ֮£Щ书֮ǲ̵书
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ֻЩֵܣѧ书֮鷳һȥѰŷ档
ŷȻ񲣬ȴĴ
ȻҲĴȻԸ书Ҳϣܹһϰȵ
ֻȻϲһһ̾һûжԵְ



һǧʮ ɽ
һò˳ģһֻһ̾
ⲻ˭Ĵضе̷֮ģʵҲǿġ
Ͼ֮ӣ֮ǰνټַǳĴ
ȻĴֻ˵һԵɡ
һаֻ̾Žת
Ȼתûг֣ԽԽ㡣
ûн书֮ǰŷȴԼĸ󡹦̸ȻմҴѧ٣Ժܸߣÿϰ֮£Ȼա
һգ֮ܽͻ塢ֵܱһ
ֵʵ֪δѧ书ҲǴ۸ֻڹֳܽԼˡ
а֪ҲȻӦ
ȻֵܵĶֵ֣ܱ׿ڷ֮նȻ䣬ԽǲԽƴ
ֵԽԽأʱڳˡ
ֵѹڵ϶ãΣ֮УԾʹһֱϰĸ󡹦
󡹦Ǻε书Ŷ㲻ϣҲֵܹ͵ģֱӱһƴû˹ȥ
֮󣬹ء˸ϳʹõ˸󡹦ȫǾȡ
ΪŷĴˣʱŭŷ֮䣬ǲĴ
ŷ˵Ҫ
ȴ˵ŷǺˣǴҲ˵ŷ
ŭһȻһȲصĻڵϡ
񲢲Ҫɱֻ˵ŷʲôط
Ȼǲ˵һ˳ͻ
˵Ҫ뿪һԸŷĴ˹һء
ԽԽ㣬һиǰ֪̾һǴȥˡ
Ȼϣҵ˵ȥɽڳ𴦻£𴦻ĵӡ
ĵȻǷˣһ̾Ϣһ
룬һϹҲ˳ģȥҲһء
ֻǣϣһȥҪٳʲô۶ˣȵһѧϰ书һɡ
ң书ȷǳ𴦻ڡһȫӵ书ƺ̫á
Ҫˣ֮ǰ书µһľ֮ϡ
ڣһͯܲͨأǿľĴڡ
ܹȵѧ书ȻҲǷǳģһϸá
ԣһڰ̾󣬲ֱ˷ǰѧ䣬ڴ
ôͼȥ
֮󣬹ɽɽչǰһʯԣͻȻʹôģ
ɫ΢䣬Ĭ
ɻ֮ǰĸʱɫ죬ܶ־ȻʮУضȴе̷֮⡣
̲סʹǲǹض˺ģ
󲻽ŭ˳ʯ䡣
ŭæϴ֪ĴȻмӡ
ϴҲʱˡ
ֻǣոһģȴĵʿᡣ
ʿֹɽ˵Ļ죬ͼȢŮӡ
ŮӣһһҲֻҲһѣûаŮӷϡ
֪ǣʿΪλԹ᣿
ʿҪֹɽǹĶֻ֣ǹϣԸ˺ǰˡ
һ·ɽǰֹĵʿҲԽԽ࣬ʿǰڳҪסȻס
һ·ɽȥԹ书ʮҲһǿ÷ǳ񫡣
ʱ򣬵¡Ͷʦϡ¡ȫ¡
һ·ʱ򣬼ۺԺ죬׽дǿϮ
ڡ𴦻һǿж񶷣ֹ̫ۡ
״֣֮㽫˴ˡ
ڡ𴦻һ˼Ǵϲһӡ
һǿһ󼤶ָпѡ
Ƕļǵã׵ʱڴĮһɽ֮ϣڴڹ˯ķĳ
һתۣ书ѾԶʤڵˡ
һڵֳ֮ΪţƵˣһۣͷڣݿݵɮһǳɫۣȣʮͣӴˡ
ţƺ˵ܹӵʮУһڵʿ
һǣΪĬСӺܿʵˡ
Ȼֻһغϣǵͨ죬֪Է书ɲ⣬Զʤ
֮󲻵òڶһ䣬ʮ̡֮ĳӵĻ󣬻ȥ
ĵ˲˸ɸɾȻһеɻȴǻûн⿪
У֪ʲô֮ǰڻ֮Уһʿץˡ



һǧʮ Ĺ
һǴеɻ󣬼濴
һڵǻ뿪֮󣬹ڡ𴦻һ˼֮󣬱ĺ
ڵ˲֪һҪѯˣȴкӰһΣһССӴ£ЦŸ˵
ϲΪζڷ֮ϣ
ԭץסǵʿΪЩһģһʿţĪˡ
ȻȴƾԼĴѣϷˣ˿Ǹʿһ
ǸʿȻŭѣڡ𴦻ȴΪϲĵ顣
󣬹ݣԼ˴ǰĿ˵ˡ
𴦻˵֮ӣΪľϲ˷ܣȻ;кʵˡ
ң;һ£һֱΪΪԼûкúõĽ̵
ּ˸ֻϲæϸѯһЩ顣
˵ˣ֮𴦻ΪλôǿϮеʿĻ죬ͼȢŮӣŮʲôˣ
һǿ۾һǺþã֪ԭˡ
ڿҪˡ
ʵҲȻˣһһ
ԭЩ˽ĻʯΪţ֮ǰĻһʯʿᡣ
ôЩΪҪ
𴦻Źɽ۵һʯǰһ¡
ʦڳʿ֮ǰһλݺὭӢۺúߺ޽֣ɱΰգ죬ԵУռǶأԭ˺ҵһҵ
ʢսܣʿŷ߶
ʱԳΪˡסɽһĹ֮УϳĹһ˼Ը֮¡
ν죬ô˼ˡ
ˣĹԸ˹֮£һһϣ֡
ڡӢ۴УϷݲ̫࣬ûнЩֻ֪书µһ
𴦻˵£ǳĺȤ
겻ĹһƽУĹſáҹڽ˹Ĺ
ĹǾභһȻǾȴЦ˵ȻѾˣͲûȥ˰ɡ
֪ԷǺ⣬ջΪѣ
ƽ˭еǣȫΪľ֮һ
Ȼ𴦻ȴ˵ľ֮һһŮӣŮ书ľ֮£Ҫʤһ
ֻŮӣԸͷ¶棬죬ĬĬš
е޲һͬʱȻһ书֮µŮӴڣһ𾪵Ϣ
ôǸŮ˭ǷڣһȫȲҪ֪
ֻ𴦻˵ŮӶ⣬ҪΪ򸾡
Ȼʼն԰֮Ůӵʼװɵ㶡
Ůգ򰮽ɽϴսһ
书Ůʤһϳȫ˶ƽ֣ʼշֲʤ
ŮȻ֪δȫգΪ
ǣ˵ѷʤıȡ
Ůͬˣ˵ˣͲٲˣҪĻĹס
Ůӵ˼ǣˣҪͬסĹ
Ȼףһ̾ȫӮŮӣպ塣
ȻյĽȴŮӮˡ
ԭ˱ȵָʯͷд֣˭дĸ˭Ӯˡ
Ůʹһɣ͵һ黯ʯһʹʯһд
Ůд꣬в첻ѣΪŮǰ㣬ⳡԿˡ
Լ˱ҪĹøŮס⵹޷ؼҪŮͬסǺã
Ů˵Ļ͵óңҲãʿҲãҪڻĹԱסʮꡣ
գ䣬ĹøŮӣԼȴûѡŮͬסѡ˵ʿ
ȻڻĹԱ߽һۣǰˡ
ŮסڻĹУסԱߵĵС
󣬶ŮӺ𴦻Ů˭ڿɻ
𴦻˵֮⣬û֪ŮҲӲ˵Ҳ֪Ůӵ
Ůڵһλɽ۽֮ǰѾȥˡ
ùеֵźҲеǸеֵź
Ҳ˵ŮӲ֮µ书ǶһƬ飬˶ݡ
ϧ飬Ůӹ¶ϣ
һ׮ԵŪûˣеǣж²۲ѡ



һǧʮ СŮ
ȻһȻ²۲ѣҲǳΪŮ飬ֻмҹµ黳
ֻһûɵԵվ˸еǳź
һֲ룬𴦻ԭҪ˵ǿԵɡ
ȴ˵Ůӵ¡
ѵ֮£Ůйأ
һǴеɻȥֽ֮£λŮйء
λŮһͽܣĻĹֻ֮һѾ档
Ůӽһ书ȫڸǸѾǸѾڻĹУ潭֪
ǸѾӣдȴڽϺպ
̸֮ɫĴħͷĪ
ȻǳĪһǼȾ־ϲ
Īڵһ±ѳ֣һǶԳӵӡ󣬿νΪ̡
ʱܶԱĪ书ԼΪĺ棬ڴڽ
ĪȻŮӵĺˣֲܹڽϴټͷ
ĪѾĴӣһʦãû֪֣ҶΪСŮ
ǿСŮйء
ԭСŮʮգЩǿΪСŮ
ôЩǿΪֻڽΪСŮĪйء
ԭѾҲĪСŮ˵ʦֻСŮһڻĹ
Ī֪Լ书δʦ桢ʦ洫ʦ󣬴ĹҪСŮĹ˳Ѱʦûʲô书ؼ֮Ķ
ȻĹڻأĪ书ֲСŮξûгɹЩɥڹĹ֮УҵСŮ־Ρ
Īһŭ֮£ڽϷų˵ĳĳĳСŮʮգСŮҪڻĹбס
˭ʤСŮСŮίޣĹе챦书ؼҲ˵СŮòԶʤ
ĪųƳӣòڽǷǳģϵа֮ˣ˵СŮòԶʤĪ᲻ġ
ǣɫڽƺƵɽҪȥĹСŮס
Щ޼ɵ˿ѻĹԱߵ˵Ҷ£˳ˡ
Ҳ˵޷Щ˵ƣƾСŮʦҲŮԨԴ㲻֮
ǣֹЩǰĹҰЩ˻治֣
ǿϮǰ
ǰˣе˵ǰϢʵеҪϢƺ١
СŮˣһǾãСŮӦòֻһˡ
֮ǰͨʿ֮ڣСŮֵʱ򣬴Ҳû⣬Ϊ䲻һ·˼׵Ľɫѡ
ȻڣеǶоǰ˵ô࣬ҪĿģƺҪСŮˡ
ôСŮӦһǳҪĽɫˡ
Ȼڻ֪СŮ׻һĽɫСŮҲûʽ
еǣȫסˡСŮ֡
סСŮ֣һǼ濴ȥ
𴦻ɽۣհǰ˵Ĺķ˴Žǣơ
𴦻ʱŭ˼Ĺķȥ
ԭһ˴֮󣬲ģȻȥ˻ĹҪСŮ⡣
ЩԻʹʦֵΪףţƺ壬ȴһߵˡ
𴦻˸ϵĹһǰСŮ޹֮󣬺ʹһһ˳֣ǿĹ
𴦻Ҫȴһ˾ʧĴܳ
ԭСŮ۷˵УЩ۷ʹһˣٲְ̤벽
𴦻СŮ˵֮Ц֮һȥ
СŮ𴦻л⡣
ʱСŮʵѾʽˣֻδˣˡ
дֱַһǶСŮȤŨﱻõġ
ңСŮһȺ۷䣬һĻˣֹ֮⣬һǴй񫣬˷ܲѡ
˵֮ǰֻǼסСŮ֣ôڣҶСŮ˸̵ӡ
𴦻˻صٴ˵顣
𴦻ȻӦʣڵУ书õ־¡
̺գ׻׻붣һҪרѧ䣬֮뿪һ
ûֱӰ𴦻£ǰڵ־£һǣͻȻһֲ̫õԤС
ѧһ£òȻǲ˳ɣ


һǧٰʮ ˵ǵ
һǼ־£ͻȻһֲ̫õԤС
Щļ¿ȥ
𴦻뵱괫书ȴţɴһξϼӹ̡ܽ
ˣɫѵһ٣̿ͣʦѵ˿
𴦻ȻΪãվֻǸӣͲ̫ˣûһѵ⣬Щԡ
𴦻ߺޣһ־һѵ⡣
֮ǰһڵʿ仨ˮּһˣҲƵæңΪ书Ͳôúʦ־书һиƨá
ˣ־ûʲô֮⣬־װͰ͵ѵвϲ־ʻתͷ
־ŭΪβ
־Ҫʲô
Ķײ־ŭ̲סִһơ
һƱ֮һͻȻһͻպƽճȻһǣøӵˡ
һʦôĳͻԲʲô¡
֮ԻһͻȻ־ѵСйأʵҲһЩ׵ĵط
վֻǸӣһ̾һЩΪδġ
ԭΪ뿪һһ£ȻȴԽԽоʲôˡ
ѧ֮·Ϊۡ
־Ƿͻּ֮Լûж֮⣬б룬ͽӣʱǿպ书ˣ˭Ƶס
书𴦻ȴû
һ⣬Ǳֻھ֮
ھҲãպ𴦻ֿ˵Լù
֮һӵھʵȴһҲûѧ
Ȼ־˼ֻ־书Ϳ־Ҳѧ
־Ȼޣȥ𴦻˵
ֻ𴦻δ飬Σֻһ־мӣһ𴦻
Ȼղûеȵ𴦻
µ书У־ɫ޷޲ƽҪ󣬱ӱա
֮󲨲ۣ෬֮¹Ҳȶ
¹ǹ죬ȴϷˣˡ
ˣ¹һֱк⣬ʱ侹Ȼֲ飬úý˻ѵһԱϷˣ֮
Աڵʿ¹ֲ飬вƽ֮⣬һĵʿ־ⶼæֹ
ֹ֮¹ƱǷ
Ϊʿ˵һҪɱ
¹ƴŭִȭȭûڵء
ʱϴһһһʹ˸󡹦¹һƴ÷ɳڵأҲ
һͻıʣʹڵʿ󾪣֪ڵʿ鿴¹ʱߡ
ڵʿ֮־ڵʿһ·׷ϣץȥȻڶ¡
еʿ׷Ų·Ҵӽ˻Ĺǰ֮С
ѾڻĹķΧϽκεӽУڵʿҼ׷ֻȥ
ؽһҲΪֹ
ؼʱ˵ûûˣһǲ󰧺ΣʮֵǣҶǡ
ֻǴҳ˷֮⣬ȴûκεİ취ֻνѾʵ
Ȼʵһǵ飬ȴǾþƽ
ΪҶǣҶǣΪص£ʵ̫ˣкܶĵطֵζ
ȥһʼӽĹǰ֮УȻֻ£ʮַḻҲۻңĿϾӡ
һֻоΪ㣬ʣʵ̫ˣ
Ȼˣֻһﹻ
ԣܶ˶顢飬顣
ظٿһҲȻпѣĳɳ֮·˶ⶡ
һԵҲͰˣȥѧڵƺҲûжٺת
ĿǰδΪĲֹۡ
Ȼ͹˵֮Ի˵ԸҲһĹϵ
ֲİСʱ򲻷;вͬ˵ԸҲȽϴ
ǹСʱһǽ־һ
һǲ뵽
Ȼǹ˵Ըʵǳ
һǼϲҲϲֻӵ˵ǰˡ



һǧٰʮһ ŮǵĲ
һȫоǰ;ֹ̫ˡ
Ҷе΢һЩź
ʵĴ󲿷ֵʿ֮ڡ𴦻һ˸Ĵ
书ҲȷʵΪƾԣһܹѧһΪ书
˵Խʦ಻ʦԶﵽľĳ̶ȣӦû⡣
ڡ𴦻˵书ûеǷ켫ʵΪԭ򣬶书С
ֻǿϧСԸټխ־¹ƵˣĿǰ־档
һźӽĹĵ֮ô
ţͻȻ۾һҲĹСŮĵô
뵽СŮһǲ˫۷ҶλŮӵͽĪʦãѾԽԽȤˡ
ڵСŮʹ˽ʹȺ˵Уδʽ¶棬ʵõеֱ
Ų·дСŮĵ̣ĪǽҪСŮʲôˣ
СŮ֮䣬й·
뵽һǵ˼άͻȻûԾ֮ǰѾ²⣬СŮһǳҪĽɫ
ֻǲ֪ʲôĽɫ
ڣƺһЩʻˣСŮǱŮǡ
֮ǰһΪܽǱŮǣԽԽǸоܽŮˡ
ǻδʽ¶СŮԽԽŮǵĿܡ
һƷҶŮ˭ȻǼΪעġ
ԣҲˡ
Ī˵СŮòԶʤĪĿܣСŮòҲ֮¡
ŮΪŮǵĻһǷǳϲ˷ܵġ
һƷŮһҪǳʣӢ۴Ůǻһ
¡ܹܲΪӢ۴һƷŮȻҲͬǳҪ
ڣСŮδʽ¶棬ѾǳʣԵгΪŮǵĿܣҲܹ¡Ϊ䡣
ԣһǣͻȻǳϣСŮŮˡ
ֻǣһԵһ仰ͻȻеһ
ҶϣСŮŮǣԵһ⣬ǱСŮԵҪϼ꣬Ӵͳ˵ƺܰ
⻰ôͷһȷڲʮ꣬СŮȴѾʮˡ
Ȼûй涨˵ŮǲܱǴ󣬵С˵ƷУһ㶼ǱŮǴ
ʵУ֮䣬һҲзҪһЩ
Ϊ˵ĳʱձŮһЩֻΪ˶ϲһģŮϲͱԼԴһģаȫУֻΪʲôԭ
ԭûܹ˵ʵȷʵˡ
ѵСŮŮǣոմҶ׸һ
ȻҲþɥ˭˵ŮǾͲܱǴˣҪ֪ӹǲѰ·ģǵġ¡ŮǾҪǴô
⻰ҲûŮǾǱǴô
ʵУҲŮϲԼСģϲԼĲǡ
䲢⣬ȼϣ
ȻҲֻȼϣѣľʲôģ˭Ҳ֪
ҲСŮԴ̵Ӷֱֻӽ֡
ϾĿǰСŮЩ䡣
ջǱĵʿץ˻ȥ
ץȥ֮ûбط¼Ϊ˵ת۵㡣
Ǳƽͨ¼ڷ־һֱûУĴ书Ӷŭ
ط־Ϊͽ
ֻ𴦻ͻȻˣ֪֮󣬷ǳķŭھΣط־Ϊͽ
Ӵ֮˷˸ı䣬רѧ䣬
һ룬ʵҲпܡ
Ͼڡ𴦻Ĵġ
Ƿ־һֱûн书һŭġ
ʵϣҲһֱڵ𴦻ֻ˭뵽ᷢ顣
һǵ˼άܻԾ뷨Ҳ
ȻҲôһ룬ľ鵽ʲôӵģֻйӹ֪
ǣҪȵһڵ֮󣬲ܹ֪𰸡
˼άԾһľ飬һǽջ˼
СŮ׻᲻Ůǵ⣬Ҳȥ롣
ǹȻǳϣСŮŮǣСŮŮǵĻҲܹܡ
ϾȻСŮȤҲûǳϲĳ̶ȡ
ҴţСŮŮǵĻӹҲһᰲһλǳɫŮǵġ
ҾԵŹӹҪģǰĵĵȴͺˡ



һǧٰʮ ڳϱ
һֹͣ˶ԽĲ룬Ҳֹͣ˶СŮǷŮǵۡ
ǰ۵ص㣬˽صµϣ̫ĵطǽֵ
û뵽ͬʱһλ书֮ǿŮǰ飬ʵ̫ϧˡǲ֪λŮǰʲô֣Ҳ֪Ժ᲻ܣ
ӦûɣԺ˵СŮʱ򣬿ܻٴᵽλŮǰϾСŮʦ
ĹĹȡʵ̫˧ˣ̫ϲˣҲ֪ӹģ
ȷҲϲĹ֣ʱһۿʱʵҾסˡ
֪ɽϣǷһĹ
ɽϹĹУӦòֹһǲǻĹǾͲö֪ˡ¥Ͽȥ̽һ£
ⲻ滹һСŮǾͷˡ
ȥȥЩûõģһ鵹ǿԿ϶Ǳǡ¡֮󣬱γɽ϶øӳˡ


һ۷׷ףǣҲŽµ½ڡ
ҶһʡҲ⣬ʱѧ佱ֳؼ֮󣬼˶ԹӹƷ˸оһҪдһʸΧʱѧƷ
Ȼ־ĵߣֹҶˣкܶ߶ġ
Ҳ˵жߣܹʵԼĿ꣬С˵˵һõ顣
Ҷʵ˵СŮŮ𣿡
һʵпܣӹΪСŮĳô̵棬ûŮǡ
ҲΪӦǣ˵СŮ˼꣬ӹƷϣԴͳ۹ȥ
СŮŮǣҲпѧϰĹе书
Ҷҵǲֵ̫ͬ˵ΪѧϰĹе书ĻȻֻһ˽ǱСŮλŮǰĴˣСŮĪˣĪȻܽ
ôСŮʦˣҲͲŮˡСŮŮǵĻ㲻ѧϰĹе书Ҳ˵СŮҪôŮǣҪôʦֻܶѡһ
һʵͬҶֵĿ˵¡ʱδڣʦǵһЩ顣
ô˵СŮݣҲпʦˡŮ˭ûг
µǵĻûҪˣⲿƷǹӹ̻Ĳ񷨡СŮҲСڹĹʲôģҲ̫
ңҲҪˣ˵ӹⲿƷƲ顯֮һ֣ġ顯Ȼͨġ顯˵СŮпܼŮǣʦ
Ҷôһ˵ȷôһ˼֮ӹôžɡһڿԿ϶һƷͬΪһ䡣
һʵûǿӹİŰɣⲿƷԵѾԽԽˡ


¡ԽԽʣھ˵һǳֵϲ顣
ȻԡָΪΪ׵һ˵;Բʲôˡ
ǵȦʱҲۡ¡
ƺԽԽ˰ȥⲿӢ۴²ƻӢ۴ڴĿеĵλΪ̡Ӣ۴֮һԾ䣬ӦǺã
ȷЩˣһƷдƷܳΪ䣬òϣǹӹȷʵ̫ˡ
ָΪŴҵۣüͷһ壬š¡ҲΪһ䡣
˵ҲҪţŵ¶ѡûӱȷԽԽˡϸͻ֣ᷢⲿƷʵһֱڳԡӢ۴ϱǰʵǹȵϱ꣬ⲿƷ͸·ˡ
ָΪ⻰ȷôһЩǰʵȷǹŷ۷ԾĴ֣еǸеѪڡ
վֻһӣȻӡΪ̣ҲΪǣҶǣ˵ʣȷȲ
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ָֿø͸û¡ڵȷڳϱϱ꣬Ѹ»
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ָΪѸٷתǳĵ⣬ۼ۹⣬ЩվԶ



һǧٰʮ Ե
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͵˼֣Ѿӵ㹻Ĵ壬ֿʼڴˡ
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Ͼһʳ˼̻ŮӣκһҪĺǻСӿɵСһЩĪҪŮܵ۸ȻǺ
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ԶԶĴ˹Ҿö˵ķǳãֻͻȻҵĴ廹ҵٻȥˡôϾټˡ
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˵꣬򸾼ϪˮɢϪˮûôȤϪˮһ·߹Ҳһζ

ҴҶȥ˲麹ͻȻЩۣĪҪСŮܵ۸Ѿ۸۸ˡ
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ڴתһ֮صȻ뵽˿ռ֮С
³ԱԣѾڿռɳһʱˣȥһǸһڵ
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ͷȻĥţʱѾһʵȻԶɵХǣѾ㹻ʤػũׯˡ
ţʱһռˣһֱڿռŲǡ
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һ˷ܣæǵãǵãˣҼǵã
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ȻռǳУҲɳĸ죬δЩڵˣȤͺ棿
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ǴɵХ죬໥֮俴˳۵ļһͣĴţƣѳէĽѡ
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ڣڵȵһˣҪʵˡ



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һǧٰʮ ֱ
ʥ塣
顢ءӨСѾͷ˻صԹ緹֮ڴ档
˵ʥҲͬǵһΣطػѣѾ׵ϲӡ
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ܹһѩѩĴӽǳ欣ֻǿϧʥѩĻᲢࡣ
ÿֻʱпܻ¼ѩ굽ĿǰΪֹû¹ѩ
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ڴһ磬ɫЩʱ򣬼˲Żص

һҹ޻ڶ磬Ůȥ˰ɽСѾͷûкͼһ𣬶ǺʹȺܺȥˡ
ʱ򣬼Ѿ˰ɽǰ
ΪسˣӴ桷еİһǣضǰʮֵĸȤ
Χת˺üȦ˵Ǵ˵ʥɽ۵ѽȻǳΰ˵Ѿרǰˣ˵Ƴһǧʷ׷ʷҪ΢һЩôΰ׳ۣ˵ӦúܳŶԣΪ֮ǰһֱĬĬأ
ֻһҹʵкܶĹŽĬĬϾҹشﲩ̫ˣҪʷºۼס
صͷ⵹ҲǣĵطϾˣ㴴Ӵ桷Уĺй𣿡
ȻûйϵˣȻش𣬶˵ȷйأȷе˵Ǻش˵йء
ص֪涼Ѿˣ˵ѹһΣӵԲԣ
ȷ˵һֱǸ
ԥƬ̣˵һֱһ⣬Ҳһֱ㣬ǹڡӴ桷ġ˵УԴһش˵ش˵ѹһǡҲһ׷òҪңţԣǰѰѹ׷֮°ɣǽɽµķһֱɢɶˣòɹ˰ɣ
ŶЩĿ˿أѾͷֱǳѽ¶ˡ
ӵ𣿡顢ӨŮδϻش𣬲Ҳ˵òѰѹ׷˰ɣ
Ƭ̣Ҫ˵Ů˵϶ǲϣڵġ
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Ůǰ沿֣ǳĲ˵αʱ򣬲Ż˵ͷ
ƲȻľ飬µˡֻҪǱͺá
޵Ѿͷֱ񰡣ͨĴ˵ܹµ걻ѹ׷µľ顣
صһߣ˵ȻɱСҡ
ңң
ֵҾͺá

ǰͣ˺һ֮˲Զİƺߡ
ּܴΪƯİƺȻ̾ѣ˵㲻˵ǳտ𣿾տôҲѾˡ
ͷ԰ѡһ΢ƽһЩĵطɡ
ҮػһĴһָһطֵϽ㣬ӨӨ㣬ȥǱôǱߺƯѽ
顢ضŮȻ˵ðǹȥ
ŮСŵظոָĵطĴһֳ֮һһ˵ɲԣ
Ӧһ첽˹ȥܿ˿˵ԣû⣬տɡȥȥտʳġǱԶˣ⸽񡣡
ã֪ˡŮͬʱ
֮󣬸ɢѰҲȥˡ
ЦЦߵһȪˮߣʼʳģһֻҰһֻҰáԼһҵ㡣
ҰлҰúֱӿųԡ
Щɽ´ģոһֱϡ
԰ЩԵռȻֻֻһ˵ʱ
ʳĲ࣬ûö೤ʱ䣬Ѿȫˡ
Ѿõʳģص֮ĵطʱ顢ءӨŮҲѾ㹻Ĳ
Ȼ𿪿ˡ
ַʽտѾᳵ·ܿ㽫ʳĶˡ
ʱĹȥʳɢζԽԽŨ
ʹᣬ˵ۣѽ򣬻жòܳ԰ˡ
һЦҲ˭ģȻˣһ¾ͿԳˡ
ͷһèģΪĿɰ


һǧٰʮ ٳߵĸ
ɽۡ
⣬ζŨ
СèƵĶţ޲ҧһڣϲʱء
ֹһ˵ˣԳˣȸһһ㡣
Үػһӹݹ㣬㴵˼˵СȲҧȥ
æ㣬Сš
غĴһ䣬ƺ˵֪ˡ
εĿأ˵ôˣôһѾͷûô
ӨѾͷʲôã̫׺ˣʲôʱ棬Ѿͷѧһѧ
ЦŮһãҾ;ѾͷͦõģǧѧСѾͷģʲôӡ
Ѿȥ˵𣿡
룬Ѿͷ˵ĸоǷǳģӦҲְɣ˵ְɡ
ƲƲ죬ֹһ䣬ʲô֮˵רĵĳʳ
ŮԳſ㣬һ˺촽һĶ
һ߳㣬һ߼Ұ⡣
һѾһ꣬ٴ˵һ䡰úóԡ֮˵㣬ѧУ13ŷż٣ǲǣ
˵ţ13ţ죬ˡ
ʲôʱȥ
غӨѾͷһӣ֮󣬾Ҫһȥ档
ԴˣȻǳĻӭŮͬУţһСŮһСŮͬУǾһǳҸ顣
Դʮ߰ɣǾô
顢ءӨŮʾû⣬ֵǾͶ16ˣҸºС¶˵һ¡
ػϲһûȥأһζҪúõĽתһת
ЦȻúúõתһתˡ
˵ŻҰ⿾ˣ㽫һֻҰ÷ָҳˡ
ĽһֻҰó꣬Ϣһ֮ڵµĽлҲˡ
лڳȥ飬Ũζ˲ɢ
ѾԵЩ˵Ů֮ǰвͬŨζʳ
ЦЦֻֽлָҳˣȵֻл꣬ŮĳԱˡ
Ȼƽ̹С˵ԵúñӶԴˡ
ЦǺǵ˵ûʲô仯
صȻб仯ˣֻû
㻹ôࡣ
ֹ˭㿾ôó˼Ҿ԰

տŰƺţһʳһ߿羰
ƺСϣǧĸָһ棬ɽĵطʵ١
ΧŰƺתһȦ֮ȥһЩط˿ʱѾ㡣
ڵ磬Ůɽˡ
ɽ֮ĳԹءӨһѧУ黹ҪΡ

죬Ҫôڼ֣ҪôءӨŮڴ棬ӹ൱ң
һת۱㵽113һ죬ѧУѾû˿Σɢѧ֮ѧУͽʽʼźˡ
ϣءӨҲȥѧУȥСѾͷ˳ιһѧУɢѧ
ɢѧѧУٳУءӨˣֱڲٳߵǧϣµĿţڽеɢѧ
һζһ˵ӨӨ㣬ҾʱӦóһ׸ͳһסͯ꡷ȻǶ죬ͬоʺڵ⾳ġ
ӨȴҾӦ򳪣ûֳء
۾һϲ԰ǳһסͯ꡷ɡ
ȴǲɣ˵дֲ裬ʲôʱҳ裿
ص㳪ھǵ·ϣֳһס·ϿƵģ㳪
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ţӦǵڶףڸʱֱ䳪һס⡷
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㳪ٳûзӦزߴٵ
ðɣͱѾͷˣǳһסٽĿҪȥһ׸裬ѿۣ٣Ǿ͸٣ҶûȥѾͷӦøеҡЩ˵
ءӨŮȻ֪Է飬ȴͬʱ˸ۣص֪쳪ɡ
ЩΣ˵˰
֮ɤӣߵϣ֪졣ٳߵǧϣֻǺͣ桭
ųţءӨŮҲų
Ҫȵ˯ǰֻ֪һ㡣ҪȵԺ󣬲֪鶼û
һסͯ꡷˻˼



һǧپʮ ˴ݳ
ɽѧУĲٳϡ
ءˣһǧᵴţһߺϳšͯ꡷һ߿ڽеɢѧ
˼ӡ
һסͯ꡷꣬ƺһ㵭ĸܣ˵׸дãͯʱãڶѾˡ
ЦͯʱȷǳãͯȻǶȥҲظˣΪʱ⣬Ҳͬǳáңֵഺ껪Ӧúúõܺ͸лڵͲŶԡ
ءӨŮ֮ǰ˵ȻʧӨֵ˵
Ҳ˵öԣڵͣͬõͣӦܺ͸лڵ͡ͻȻһ⣬ʱͬŮ
̫ΪʲôͻȻ⣬ǴҼǵСѧͳеʱͬӦŮеʱѧǾͲͬͬˡ
ֵСѧͳеʱŮѽϲϲͬڻǵ𣿡
ɻѾͷĪʱһСˣ
ߵôܻǣҾͻȻ㣬˵
ϲȻ˵ϣǸʱСǸʱϲҲŮ֮ϲڻǲǵǣǲ̫ǵˣֺݶѾǳģˡ
ͺáһЦ˵һУ԰㻹ûʲôУ԰ٸǳһ
ӨҲҲ
룬˵ѾͷոᵽͬǸһУѾͷʶʶҵһסͬ㡷
ͬ㡷ءӨŮͬʱ۾һ˵㼴˴¸𣿡
𰸵ȻǷ񶨵ģȻ˵˵˵ڻֻǳΣȥ֮ҪһʱƣǿԳһ£׸ĵһء
ءӨŮΪ˷ܣش۾ֱϲ𣿽쳪ֻǳҲûйϵ
һЦ˵ҾԳһ£Ǽһºò
Ůæֱͷɤӣ
Ƿ
дռǡ
Ƿ񻹵ǣ
޵㡣
ʦǶ벻
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ҲżȻƬ
ͬ㡣
˭Ȣ˶Ƹе㣬
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ֻһΣûټ泪ˣݳһҲ͹ˡ
ءӨŮȴԣһûмˣʵû𣿡
ʱûˣȽ׸֮󣬺ӦûһΡ
һ˵ŮһЩźոȻûа࣬һ˿ζǸʻɣֽһ׾֮ǳĺ
صһסͬ㡷ʲôʱƣúŶ
Цȥ֮ɣƾҪҪ೤ʱ䡣
Ө󣬲ֹNɪ
ЦҲýÇNɪУ֮׼ʲôʱʽƳִ˭׸վĽǶȥдģܸӨӨ㳪ˡ
ʲôʱƳ˭ھ˵׼ˣԺɣż
صͷã֮ҪȳŶ
ЦȻûˡ
ֵ򣬸ոһΣٳһɡ


ʱڹȥ11ʱɢѧ
Ÿ༶ʦһɢոհĲٳֺ̱һƬ
ССѧǻĴɢӽ쿪ʼǱǽˣǵǳĺ٣ҲѹЩһǻ˵˷ܡ
뵽СѧеʱÿźٵʱҲͬЩѧһ˷ܰɡ
ѧ˻ǷŸưЩѧ˷ܵġ
ӨЦСʱźٵʱҲһ˷ܡ
𣿡ͷ˵ȷǺһ˷ܡ
ʱɢ˰ͬѧСѾͷҲں档
֮˵߰ɣҲˣСѾͷǹˡ
ءӨŮǧͬʱ˵߰ɡ
˲ûֱӳѧУȥᣬҪ򵥵ʰһ¶
һΣûһ¥µˣ˵ĺ顢ءӨСѾͷһᡣ
ûеʱ䣬Ѿʰ˶ͬһ䡣
֮䣬˳ѧУ˴ӡ
ڷżˣСѾͷ˷ܣҲͬˣءӨ˵ȻҲܸˡ
Ǳܹȥˡ



һǧپʮһ ŮǵĽ
СѾͷżˣһ˵֮Уʽճ̡
֮ǰһڡЦҪС
114ţһڵġЦУһ죬еǣѾ
һڵ½ʱСΪ˶һڵʿ׷ϣŲ·УڻĹ̵֮С
һƬ֣ĵʿǲܽ롣ˣʱǲᱻĵʿץȥˡ
Ҳδʲô£ĵʿץȥҲһĿøڡ𴦻֪־ļ
ڣĹĵ֮Уɾδ֪ˡ
кܶ˶СŮ֮䣬ܹʲô·ǱϾֻ㽶ѡ
ˣһڵʱһǶˣνǳǣҶǡ
ڣǵȵһڡЦķˡ
ǣȫڵһʱȥֻͤ꣬һڵġЦ
֮Ȳķء¡ҳ棬ʼһµĶ
µ½Ĺôһʼ΢΢һԡĹΪ½ôӦû뵽ĹУҲûΣա
ʵҲȷʵˣڵµĿʼֻ۷ص˹ȥ
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һڶ΢΢һͬʱЩ˷ܣⶼĹˣѵҪСŮʲôˣ
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˵֮һŮһϮİɫ£ԼĪʮͣһͷڷ֮⣬ȫѩףףֻѪɫԵò԰쳣
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СŮʽĵһ仰͸©ĸ䡣
ʱһǲ֪֮ǰ̫ˡ
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һ˵νģᣬòס̾Ϣְ§ڻ˵ҿĺӡ
СŮȴޱ飬޷Ӧ˵֮󣬻վ˵˲ˣţȥգ
ȥһǲһСŮȻһĸ䡣
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һΪŵеźͬʱȴͻȻһ顣
СŮŮǵĽˡ



һǧپʮ 벻ˬ
ű´ͨ˶֮ʣСŮˣҪֱչ˶Էһһ
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ֻϣСŮ֮ĸ飬ܹ˳˳ģʲô۶ӾС
ðɣھ˵Щƺ̫һЩһ֪СŮӦչӦֻǳչչˣûʲôŮ֮顣
СŮӣ׵ĶһӶ飿һֻһӡ
һǣǿ֮£ҲԴ˳ڴϣ
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СŮ˵ɱţȻӦء
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˯֮ǰһƹֵĶԻ棬øһ˿˼Ϣ
һΪϲСӲѽССǽĹĵһ죬ѾڿʼڻСŮıˣСӺǰ;
ڶգʽСŮΪʦһɾڹĹ֮У֮ΪĹɡ
СŮΪʦһһ֮ǰû뵽ֻСŮ֮䣬ܷܲһЩʲô£
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˵ǴʱڣڣʦҲҪһЩġ
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ֻǣĻô׺ͼһǲȷ
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Ϊʲô̲סҪ룿һԼҲ㲻
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ŮӱСҲˣˣһǿɲɡ
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һΪĵ⣬Щˬ
ǣСŮȻһĴڣǵʿҲ⶯ġ
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һǧپʮ 
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ȻСŮȴǲȣҩ֮󣬱תȥֻ־־ȵʿȻ
һǿаˬǵʿͼСŮ׽ֱǳ
ʱ򣬵¡Ĺ淭ǵ¡Ůľ
һͬأĻӦöˣһǶԴˣȻǳϲԽ
СŮعĹ֮СŮ书书Ѿг
һգСŮ˵˹Ĺɵһ۾һ
֪Ҫ˵λŮǰĹˣһСŮ֮˵ܸ֪λŮǰʲô˰ɡ
ʵҲȷˣһ֪ˣλŮǰֳ֣Ӣ
СŮ˵ĹڣֳӢ֮ĶԹ£뵱𴦻˵ǲûʲô
յĽֳӢʹƣõԭĻĹ
СŮ˵书𴦻ֻΪԭ򣬶ǹĹɵ书
Ĺһ书רſ书ġ
ԭֳӢסĹ֮󣬳겻ֻڹĹǱо书
֪Լ书վҪѷɫһĴһţרſ书书
ֳӢҲѧţĴһţרſ书书Ůľ
һǿŮľ֣һǵ˼̫ˣܸо֣еʲô˼
ţӹһǹȡһֵģһи̲ѡ
ֿ⡶Ůľĸ֣Ҫ˺໥Уһ޷ġ
һǣ˷ָ̣ڹӹû˵⡶ŮľҪŮ˺
Ȼһǵ϶ӵġ˷ܵġ
Ϊʲôӵ˷ܣǾֻǣֻ᲻Դˡ
ΪŮľҪ˺֮ǰŵ书ֲǿСŮһֱûŮľ书
֪֮˷ܵıʾ֮书ǿˣСŮŮľ
СŮͷӦȰ书ãŮľ
һǶıֺ⣬ȥСŮӦûʲô⡣
ȥѾʮ꣬Ľߣ֣Ǹ꣬ǵĺͯģ
⼸ʱСŮʮ־أŸɣСŮԶʱ죬ЦɫĮûݡ
һ΢һЩźҪСŮƺһ·Ҫߡ
ȻʵһԸ֮ǰССͣŮ֮¶ӦøûҪСŮµ飬ֻСŮʦʮֵľء
һȻҲ֪֮ǰһԸڣӦͬˡ
ϾѾһʮ꣬ӦѾͣСŮӦûһЩĸ˰ɣ磬Ů֮顣
һǶԴʮֵڴ
ҲȻͬһڴСŮȻһ˿Խʦͽ֮ĸ飬һ꣬Ů֮¶
һǹЦСǿˡ
ֹһʱ֮СŮ˵ǿԺŮľˡ
⡶Ůľ⹦֣Ҫ˺˵ϰɡ
֮󣬵˶Ůľ⹦֮СŮȴ˵ԭΪԺŮľڲ֪
ԭŮľڹʱȫڣҪտ֮ȫ·ϰʹʱɢƬͣתڣСزɥ
СŮʦͽŮбȻܹ˫˫·
һǿӹ˵趨ʵǡ̫ϲˡ
֮ǰһΪӹûаŮľ趨ɣΪŮ˶еЩź
ڴҲף趨ɱΪŮʲô˼ҹӹ趨ǱҪ·С
ŮˣһһŮأʱҪ·
˵˼ҹӹվǹӹǲһ
趨һΪԼҲ벻ġ
Щ˷ܣСŮˣŮľĻǻ棬
СŮھܾˣŮľʵһԶĺԵˡ
СŮܾûйϵԺһǡ


һǧپʮ е
һȫţʲôʱСŮܺһ𣬺Ůľڹƪ
Ǻ֪ܿ˴𰸣ûգ˱ʽʼˡŮľڹƪĺ
ֻǣĳڴĳһЩһ
ԭԭڹĹⷢһطǴطŴĻԣſɣܲ㣬֦˱ǣ񴹸ǣȻɵһݡ
ҹʱ˱ŻԶ˫ཻ˶ѣȴ˭ҲƲ˭
һǱʽĸеЩźȻſţֺȻ˷
ԭ˾ܸŻԶ˭ҲƲ˭Ͼ˫ཻʱͨҪģˣ໥ŹС
һﲻᷢһЩһϣĹ¡
ڣһ˼ԵеʱԼΣյסСŮһ˪СŮҲ΢вף۹¶֮⡭
ʵڹĹദվãճֻһ䵭һ𾴹˳˿Խ֮
ڴʱļֶԵУ˴һ֮䣬ѼȻ˳˷ıԡ
СŮȻһ׵ӣֻһѾ˷ġ
һ޲˷ܣ˿СŮ֮ʹ˳ˡ
Ȼǻδͱǲ㴰ֽȻ໥һǿԿ϶֮ͱǲ㴰ֽǳ飬ǲżˡ
ֻǽһ飬ȴһǣһѪ
һҹСŮڻʿ־־ȴ˸໥ݡ
ĵطڹĹ⣬ҲĽأĵʿҲǿġ
ֻ˭Ҳû뵽ҹģʿܵһݡ
־Ϊһ£𴦻ȥˣϯӵݣεϯӱ־
־ȻҪ־϶أϯӵݣһץס־һѱ
Ϊ
ԭ־ϴμСŮ֮󣬱ᣬСŮʮֵȫСŮӰ
ڻĹȥͼټСŮһ棬СŮյ죬ΪСŮ׼ڻĹС
־СŮ˼־֣־ôв־־ϯӵݻ
գھŮԶĵط֣ڴ򶷵ĹУڲϵĿŮ
СŮĹؼʱ̣˵Ĵ򶷳ţʱҲܱţԽԽ
ڣ˴򶷵СҷˣСŮҲΪţ˲ӣʱΡ
Ȼⲻص㣬صСŮˣʱЩ
ҵǣÿ죬־־֮ǰѸסСŮδСŮէй
ȻһǷҪַ˲ɣСŮһӣʿ
ʱ౻ʿɣСŮˣڴ˵ʲô֮¡
һ˵ǿܹܣֻҪʿĪҪȥɡ
ȻǿܹܣһҲҪѪųɣ׷²۲ѣӹ˰ŵʲô
գ־־ˣΪͬԭ򣬷ֱ˶ģ֮¶䡣
˵СŮѸٻ˹Ĺ취ΪСŮˡ
⣬СŮˣһǶ֪²۹ӹˡ
ֻΪӹµǣҲʵ࣬ǻŮǣ֪ʲôʱͻӹŰһŰ
ΪߵǣȻҲ࣬ӹŰǵʱʵҲŰǡ
СŮӣûбʿһˣ²һ֮Ҳ͹ˡ
ڴҵĵǣСŮôصˣٷʲôɣ
ʵһη⡣
Ϊ˸СŮˣ뿪ĹɽȥѰҼζҩ
ոµɽ£ĪĵӺ貨貨˴ɽΪȥĹеȡŮľ
֪貨ҪȥĹСŮΣգòʱѰҲҩװɵĸź貨һ˹Ĺ
СŮˣһ貨Ѿ㹻鷳ˣǣĪĸŶˣҲ˹Ĺ
ĪСŮˣϲأĥţҪһܱСŮŮľ
һ粨ھ֮СŮ˵һЩĹȻȥ
СŮϤĹڵĻأҲ̻أĪ貨ʦͽڹĹ֮УԼ뿪Ĺ
ǣСŮҪʦúõĿعĹռȥ
ˣ뿪Ĺ
СŮߣҲߣʾҪСŮһڹĹ֮С
գСŮأ˹ĹʯԼԼĪ貨ʦͽȫ˹Ĺ֮С
ʯǵΪֹɱţһ£Ĺգ޷ٿ
Ҳ˵Ӵ֮󣬻ĹԶգСŮĪ貨ˣԶٳĹ
ʱ򣬵¡Ůľؽһڵġ¡أҲȫ
һǰߴ־ƿһڣҲûôҪ򵥵Ļһ塣



һǧپʮ һռ˱˾
һǻһ£΢һ㽩Ӳ֮°Ŀصе־ϡ
˾ʵƷֻһȻǲģܶ˾ٿһ顣
ܽһΪĲˬСŮ֮䣬Ḷ́ȴֵúúõĻζһ
ڽصСŮĪ貨ˣԶ˻ĹУһǵǲġ
ȻڿĹ֮Զ޷ٴ򿪣֪СŮһȥġ
ȻⲿƷͿ˲ǡ
Ҫܳȥһڲ²ⲻҲȥ²⣬һڵؾͻд𰸡
ֻҪڴͿˡ
ڻǸϽúõĻζһصµݲ¡
´ӱϿȻ΢ԵһЩƽʵƽֵûζĵطȻǳĶࡣ
ң»ǳҪµķչŷǳҪá
ھˣһٵĹನ֮ڰʽʼѧ书𽥳
ŮСŮҲʽѾܹٷ֮ٵĿ϶СŮŮˡ
СŮ֮䣬ɴʦͽ֮飬໥֮㺰ЩȫƶŹڵķչ
ϣԽԽǿʼԾ
һٵĹʽʼѧ书ˣѾŮСŮҲʽڿʼ¡Ĺ£ӦþҪչˡ
һСŮӦþͻ뿪Ĺʽˣǳڴ
ҲͻȻ֣¡Ĺ£һ㶼ûչǰѾǳˡ
ǰ澫ʵںܴĳ̶ϣ롶Ӣ۴йأڿʼ¡ӦþͻչֳԼľˡ
ֻҪʾͺá߹ܲͨ˵ڶûгҪȵСŮʼ֮Żˡ֪ǺСŮˣ᲻һЩʲôʵֵ̫ڴˡ
СڳˣټĽڵء
ˣСŮĸԽԽ˵Ů֮顣µСŮԼҲҪӳĹӳȥ֮󣬼СŮΣգֺԥ˻ȥҿ˾͸罺ˡ
Ϊ˵ĸ飬Ѿ罺ĳ̶ȣѾ̶ˡǶԸΪ˶ԷԼˣԱ罺ֻûαֳˡ
ȻֲС˵Ȼܳƪƪģд˵ĸˡܡ¡С˵ȴоڡ顯֣ҪȺܶС˵дø
ڵǲ˵ڰɡӹԸ⣬һдǵġ顯ҪˣӹǷǳд顯ġ
ȷ֮ǰġХ硷ЩƷԼľӣΪ͡ңԶľ롯ܹӹġ֮
ӹȷǳóд飬ЩʱҲЩˬ־ȻСŮӣžͲ̫
⵹ǣǵʿСŮԣСŮҪСŮҲˡϾСŮһĸ˲ϲʿҲҲûȨǵʿϲСŮǡֻǣӹȻǵʿСŮӣⲻǱǵʿôЩˬˣȫ΢һ
ǣ㼸͸ˣӹƫƫôдˡҿӹ˾ǹģҪǲˬһ¡
ʵǿԽܵģùӹһ
Ҳ²һ£ȷܽܡϣӹĪҪˡ
ģ϶ˣϲʲôڣϲʲôڣӹ֪ôдЩǲϲ
˵ҲǣһѾù־ˣռڶαˣ
־ǳСŮѣҲûʲô£Ҳûһε¼ײģǹ͵Ҿԭ˼Сʿ
ҲǣСʿҲͦģСŮһƬ飬СŮȴעԶҲ޷õӡȷЩ
ֹǵòСŮһ棬СŮ˵һ仰˵һţҲôСʿˣӦ÷Ŷ𣿡
ˣһǸϽһɣ˵ȥ־Сʿͳһ֮ˡ

һǱǳķ־־ײСŮһ£ҲǳͲˬ
˵˵ţȴͻȻ־ˣôҺƣⶼʲô¶
ˣϽһ⣬ȥ־飬ҲϣԺĹ־ĪҪٳˡ
һοĺܿķϣռһ˵ˣҲȥˡ



һǧپʮ ֹ
һ۷׷ףһǣҲͬڼҵۡ
ҶһʡҲһ˷ܵˣĪ¡
Ϊһڡ¡ؽʱ󵨵Ĳ²⣬ǱСŮʦŮǡ
µһ²⣬ҶһʡˣͬҲǷǳĳ֡
ǸǷǳӵĴʱڣСŮֻڣʦ͡Ůǡ֮ѡһ
ȴɼԼĲ²⡣
죬µһڡ¡أµĲ²ǷȷҲѾ
յĽȻµĲ²ⲢûдСŮʦŮǡ
ô˵˷ܣҲȻˡ
ЦҶ֣֡֡ˣǲ˰ɣҾ˵ǧԳȥӹ
Ҷ̾Ȼ˵һǵ۹ɶˡ
һʵһοùȻǳ׼ֻǣӹţǹȻ÷ǳ˷ܣʱǣ𣿳һڹĹ֮УȻǲܵġ
ȷˣֻҪ߽֮ҪΪ޵ĻǻΪĲסӹţĪԤʾ˵ĸ鲢˳
³ֵͬ˵Ů֮ĸ飬ǻᲨ۲ϡ⵹֮ǰ˵һ۵һ£ⲿƷڡ顯֮һֵĿ̻ǳ
Ҷ̻վҲֻǸߣҪĻߣѾ󣬡¡Ĺ£ӦþҪʽչˡҸҪصע
һʵҶ˵öԣһСŮˣӦþͻĹʽ̤뽭Ƿǳֵڴ


ͬҶһָΪΪ׵һߣҲͬۡ¡صݡ
ֻǣ۵صҶ˲һ۵һǸеǳźϧڡ
Ǳǲˬģ־ײСŮڡ
ԽǲˬڣоԽˬ
ֻǣ
̫ϧˣ־СŮӣǾʵ̫ˡ
ٺ٣ĻЩǾԻģϧȷǿϧ
֮ǰùӹ˴󵨡һڿҲҪöһ¶ǵҲֻ̫֣ǿӶѡ
ǣһأֻʵʵд飬սǵ̶ܳȡңҾд־СŮӣҪȥˡ
ӹ˲дģС˵һˣҲҲ˶ǵĸܵġϾߴ죬ڹӹ˵Ҳһдˣ˵Ǿһϲ£һ£ڶַ졣
٣дˣҪЩԼַˣֻһ߿ϷһżϽһˡֻǿϧǲдģǵȲĻᡣ
˵ûбҪһдս̶߳ܳȵڣ
ûõģҿһϵĻҲͲܳΪһˡ
⵹Ҳǣò׿ᣬȴֲʵ֣ʵơ
ȷǳźҲûа취ǻǵⲿƷȶ½ɣ֮ǰָ˵һˡӢ۴ȶȣȶȾ͸½ˡҹӦѾˡ


ʥ塣
顢ءӨŮȥˣûȥڷ
ҪĿģҪһǣԽصµݵۡ
УעĵطǶڣ־ײСŮڵۡ
ص֮ЩˣôֹۣǶڣѾ˲ˬˣҪǺһǻֱӱըˣ
ˣȻԴҲ׼ԣﻹǺƽġ
ֿ֮һǣ־ΪЩΪ־ĬͬʱҲΪһĬ
ıըڳ֮󣬲֪һǣ᲻ھ־Щһ£ôض㣬Ѫ
־
ʵɣ־ͦģΪǰ¡жСŮĵʿԭ־ƽ־
Ϊ־ƽʷȷˣҲˣšˡ𴦻֮ͽȫƽ̡
ԣӹүڡ¡޶УСŮĵʿΪ˴鹹־
ô磬־עҪŭǣɱһǧ飬һˡ
һֻΪ䰵Ĭ



һǧپʮ 뷨
ڷǵۣʱ硣
Ժﴫ顢ءӨŮ֪Ůˣ˵¥ȥ
Թ緹֮ûмطŮһš
ȥɽ缯ϣСһ䣬Ůһһڡ
ءӨŮ̫ˣȻܴôȥ
ش·ϣŮЦһ֮˵򣬡¡һһڣӴ桷ȴÿ10㶼Ҫ£ȥ֮Ҳÿ춼𣿡
ͷȻҪˣС˵ɻľǶϸˣȻҪÿ춼¡
صͷȷˣѾϰÿ10㿴£һûиµĻ϶Щˬֻһ⣬ߵ10㣬Ǳȴ賿ӣǸʱ𣿡
δ˵ȴǡ͡һЦ֮˵ɵѾͷöʱԶµġ
ҲЦȷԶ£֮ǰܶʱõԶ¡
ͷ˵Ҳϲ΢Ҳûù֪Զء
Ƭ̣˵˽ʲôʱŻ֪ʵǧģòһֱ֪ɣ
ɻ֪ģܿͻ֪ˡ
Ŷһ˵ֻأ顢ӨҲŮͬʱʵ֪ģ֪֮ʲôӦ־壿£
Цǰ׿ڸģ֪ǧ֮󣬷޶֮䷴֮ǰӶˡ
Ů鶼ǷǳĻϲֻҲһЩɻصɾһ㶼֮ǰڵڣۻƾƶֳԭΣɿ֮󣬿ֱӾ˵ġСˣŪһٵİɱɵĿ־塣֪ʱİӣȻһ㶼£
һƬ飬Ϊɸô࣬ʲôµģҪ֪ЩʵӵĿ¡
Ů˼ȷкˡˣҲͬк˱ӿ¡
Ө˵ǣΪʲôҪʵأ֮ǰһֱ취ٰ𣿡
ءŮͷҲͬʱʵ԰ΪʲôҪʵݣ
δأǾ֪ˡΪ֪ɵķ֮ԵҪͷˡ
һ˵ŮǴ󾪣˵ϴڰɽ˵ģҪǷѹ׷£㲻˵ջž𣿡
Цȷеİ굱ʱֻ֪֪пҪץߣ֪Ĺ£
Ůһ룬ոҲֻҪɶ˵ķ֮ԵߵͷͺãмֲۣҲġ
Ͼ;Ļһֱ˳˳ģ
Ȼ⣬Ůߺߵ˵ǷҲǿɶôĶȥշ춢ŰСʲô
ĿǰǷһҪɢɷޣҪշ꣬ҪԭһΪ;˺ǲܽΪ޵ġ˽˶Թˣʱ򣬰͵˷ɵүƣԷҪٲշࡢ׶ĻҪɽˡ
Ʋҿ˵ĵڶԭҪԭ򣬿ǷǵõɮأҲ̫Сˡ˵ǲǣ
ЦЦ˵ܰɡ
ʵǰڰߴش˵֮У뷨һֱͷ
ǷΪʲôҪһֱ԰ꣿԭȴûһ׼ȷ˵Ҫ˵ǰ뷨ˣڻǰһЩԹ
ֻߴӹ²潲֮䣬ҪôһһҪɢǵĽɫڡ
ǰ°Ӵ桷ӾУҲƳġӴ桷С˵УһҪշԭ򣬲˵ԭ
͵˷ɵжԹĽɽү޽үꡢС˽ԹǳҪ󷨺շࡢ׶ȻҪɽ¡
ԭӦҪԭ
⣬еĸԭ򣬷֮һҪؽ׷ʵΪ˰ɽ硣
ԭЩϸ֮δûе



һǧپʮ ʷϵķʦ
Ϊʲô˵ĸԭ򣬺Щ
ȿ걻ؽ׷֮ǰһζԻ
뾭ѵɾ쳾ֻ蹦ԲȻշ꣬ǧ꣬ѵ㲻ҪҪҪڴ󳹴ķŹͷֻǰ˺
꣺ҲҪ
ⲻǼ
꣺ҲҪˣҪҵĹˣҪҵĶӣҪҵļҡ
ļҲǼ
꣺ûмҵˣǲЩġ
޼ңġ
꣺Ķ飬ôȱأ
ɽ磬ѵⲻǴȴ
꣺ҲҪˣֻˡΪʲôҪɢɢǷޣɢĸӣǲΪĴԿգԾͼʱˣ
дӷ𣬽񡢱ɮھȥɡ
һζԻ֮£÷Ǽٴȱνɽ磬ֻΪΪ֮ҵĽڶѡ
ҪԲշҪ
ʵδأΪڵİѾ˷ģ̰쳾ѾֻԼԲɽˡ
ȻǰģԴ֮󣬰㽥ûˡ
ڰոջΪεʱȥüʿ㻯
ʿ˵Եδ˵ʱ򣬰ʾӴѶԼţκγԵԸ
Ǹʱİһ޿ֻΪٵɽ硣
ǸʱȻйԲٵɽġ
Ȼʿָ֮󣬰ȴ׹һ׵Ժȥˡ
ڰ껳ɵĺ֮СൣİΪ᲻鳾٣Ѱ꣬鱨ĪҪԼС
ʱİ꣬Ѿ׸᲻º쳾ˣˣֻԸɰͷϡ
Ӱ׷֮ǰ뷨һԻϣҲܹó
ΪˣԸ⣬Լ1700ĹȫС࣬СչԲλɰ࣬Լ˼䣬ɹҸӡ
⵱ȻҲûʲôãνֻԧ첻ɣܵİ˼ۣȷʵȹ¶ɸ
һ⣬ǧе˵Գϣǧꡣ
ɲһӣܹ٣Ҳ¡
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̤֮߳ã߲ǧ꣬Ǹõʱ⣬עҪ˼ʹˡ
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СѾͷ¶һȥϿΣǺ£Ȼܾ
СѾͷһѧУʲôӵģЩڴ
˵ȥ棿
֮ǰ¸Ƽ˼طҾǿȥ˶سеȥתһתΪô
صѽǾȥġ
ӨҲͷʾͬ⣬Ȼ˶أ˶سеĿ϶Ҫȥһġ
ȥģˣҶطϢɣ
ŮͷԻ˷䣬СѾͷȻһҲԼķ䡣
ͬеԣȻİĲϵͳ˵Ȼʲô⡣
򿪵һͬԷʹڵվ
ֻǣڵʱϵİ˵ʱڹӦ賿ĵң˶˯
ԣϲ֣һر˵ԡ
֮ߵߣ̧ͷ˿ҹգûܹŲǡ
˶سǵҹգûʥҹѽֹһ䣬֮˴˴
鵽11ʱ򣬱ϴ˯ˡ
ʱ顢ءӨСѾͷҲ½˯ˡ
ȹĵһҹҹˡ

ʱңԶĻɫȴԽԽ½𴲣ʼһĹ
ʡǣЦ־ԱǣҲͬʼһĹ
ڣЦѾΪȫ־У־ˣ֮ǰġ
Ц־İ칫ص㣬Ҳ֮ǰԱѾﵽٶˡ
ڣٶڸԲͬĸλϣһ߹һϲ̵һڡЦ
ڵġЦйӹġ¡ÿһڵ൱ϲˡ
ֻǣ糤ԪܱΰˣʱȴЩ硣
糤칫ҡ
糤ԪһĿɬ˵С˰˵ǿһڵġ¡֮󣬻жķӦ
ܱΰ˺Ƭ̣˵糤һʵһֱ˼ҹƷӦСˡ
Ԫ̾ǰ϶СˣСŮڴҵĿУһʳ˼̻ӣνʮֵϲȥĻӦòڵĻ֮¡ȻҶСŮԽϲԽ˵İ
ΰҲͬһ̾˵˭˵أ˵ϰӦñǸΪʲôƫƫҪдأ
Ԫ˭֪أϾϰ˼άЩͨ˲ֻͬһΡ
ΰҲͬһ
⼸ʱѾ֪˶ˣԭֻΪһġ¡еСŮҪǸ־ĵʿʲôˡ
ɻеĶǣȫŭѪһĻҲǾ޷ܵһĻ
ԣ⼸ʱԪΰˣΪЩʳѰʵ벻ףǵϰ壬λ׵ĹӹŴүֻ˵үΪʲôƫƫҪдôһڣ
һ־֮ײСŮҲͰˣǿܹܣûʲô
ȴ룬ǵϰүһֱӰһըԭӵ
ǿ֮󣬲ըŹء
ңԲС
߸дǿֱӰѸ˻ȥöԷϽдĶɶȻд
ƫƫǵϰ壬һ˹ӹ¶ġ
Ԫ͹ΰˣһοʱ򣬼ֱԼ۾ǲļڴĹй©ˣ˶ĸ۸ˣ
Ԫɻĸ绰Լɻ
ȴ˭֪ǳĸûб۸ģдģԪһ㡣
Ԫ˵绰ǿЦãҲӵɻʵ벻ΪʲôҪд
ֱ죬һڵġЦѾʼӡˢȻûס
Ȼ벻ףǾͲȥˣˡ
ԪϰдʲôĿİɣǾͲȥˣСˣ˵ȵһڵ־֮ҪҪʲô׼
ΰ糤ǵԣ־ţҿȷܣǵȷҪһ׼
ԪͷñǱǰ׼ɣһڷҲûмʱˡ
ΰȥ¼
Ԫţȥ鷳ˣСˡ
ΰҡͷЦǲ鷳ֻǣһ粨ⲻ˵ˡ



һǧһʮ 
118ţ˶峿
ϰԵ֮󣬳˾Ƶ꣬ڸĽֵת˼Ȧ
ϰ˵ʱصƵ꣬顢ءӨŮԼСѾͷ˴
Ůڷʩ죬СѾͷȥȥͣΪСѾͷҪ¶ȥѧһԷ
Թ֮ִСѾͷˣסĹԢſڣǡº¶ӹԢſڳ
˫к֮¶СѾͷѧȥˡ
ѧУڸԶ߹ȥˡ
ȥ־磬Ҫȥ־紦顣
¸֮»ص˾Ƶ꣬ʱ顢ءӨŮҲѾ͡
߰ɣҴֱȥġ
Ůͬʱ˵ͷȻֱھƵſڴһֱĶȥ
˶һǳĳУڳĵҲСһСʱ֮Ůڴݸ˳
˶شѧع㳡ǳַ
˲ûнȥһֵԶС
˶سǵĽֵϣ߹ڹڵĽֵϣȻȫһĸо˽ֵȻͬĽ֮⣬ػشϢȺҲȫ˵ס
ķ飬˸еΪʣҲΪȤ
ڽֵϣͷҲǳߣ˵ĻͷʣǼǰٷ֮١
ҿȻ顢ءӨˡ
붫˶Ů׼вĶŮ˵￴Ư
顢ءӨŮòȴȫ˶ϵĲࡣ
˵˵òҲͬǾ
ֻһ˻ãͷӦòôߣһ𣬾ʵ̫ˡ
ѣһ·ľ·ǲ˼ĵͺ˽ŮС
УȻӶࡣ
ޣ㿴Ůӣ治ϻƯŮӣҲ²һԻңԶĶһֻлŮӡ
ʵ̫ƯˣҴûмŮӣʵǲţŮӣţһԻ
һǸ˭ʵ˵ҶǳĽðɣҳϣǼʡ
ȷǳĽŮһһһǳҸ顣

ҪôǶŮòľ̾ҪôǶԼĽ뼵ʣЩ⣬ɱЩ̾ŻҪˡ
ֻǣ顢ءӨŮţȴоЩ̫ȻˣȻѾϰˣ˿ǵĿ⣬ͷ̫ߵĻվЩȻ
ص˵Ͻ㡢ӨӨ㣬ҪǻȥһñӰɣǱôоЩ
ͷڸһҵһɡ
ӨҲãǰƺһңǿЩȥ
顢ضŮͬʱšһ֮ͷ˵ȥļҵ￴һ
ͷŮոյĻѾˣһЦŮ߽ǰһҵ̡
ڵŮѡһñغܿʱñͷϣñѹһЩܹȥ
̣߳ڴ֮󣬻ͷȻȻ֮֮ͣǰҪ˲٣Ůоˡ
һ·ֵ˶˺ϲû߶ãѾļҾԺˣҶǴԺ
Цƺȷˣݽ֮ǰ˵еĺܶˣֶƫǸոտǼҾԺÿ춼ѵݳŵ֡ʿֵ֡֡ȵȶУطҲУݳķΧǳĹ㷺
ԭˡصͷ֮˵ߵ𣿡
ЦӦûʲô⣬϶һģֻǶ֣ܹĵ֣Ǻֻ֡ΪطĻصĲͬطˡ
۾һ˵ʲôʱһһ
Цû´ʲôѽѾͷ¶ࡣ
ƲƲ죬ֶӨ˵ӨӨ㣬һĸᳪôӦûɣ
Ө룬˵ȷû⣬ĲҲһôʵҲܹ
صҺϽֲ裬˵ǳǰˮƽܺӨӨȣ
ӨЦΪԸ⳪Ը⳪һЩרҵѵҲ
صӨӨһ˳͹ˣӨӨ㣬ʲôʱýдһĸ裿˵ǿǲĻ᣿
Ө϶ᰡôͻȻĸˣ
ͷ˵Ҳûʲôԭ򣬾ǸոտôԺͻȻ˶ѡ



һǧһʮһ ڽʩԮ
˶سĵһֵϡ
Ц˵߰ɣѾͷ¶࣬ھҪˣȥҸطԵ㶫
ػϲѽȥԶôãеˣҲеˡ
顢ӨŮҲʾҲһˡ
߰ɣֻطƺ̫ǣҵԷĵط
ȥЩСϿһƺȷûʲôԳԷĵط
ͷҲӦ߰ɡ
󣬼ʶСֵߣչսһС֣˼ٵغޣҪܣվס
ǴӼǰģǰһֻһʮӣһɫƤڼǰܣܵķӭ
ԶһʹһЩʮҵӽ׷ţոյĺӷġ
΢΢Щ㵣һĻȻѲ²⣬ǰƤǺ׷ŵǸӵġ
Ҫô͵ģҪôģĿԸ
Ϊ͵ģδػڵһʱ䷢Ƥ͵ҲͲ׷һĻˡ
ֵϵ˿ƴЩɷӣʶԱһ㡣
ԣֵܽϵ˲٣ȴΪ˳׷ӵľԽԽ
ȻٶȺԲӵĶ֣û˰ֹһӵĻӺܿͻ׷ġ
վŮǰ棬ܿ죬ܵĸǰƺûҪ㿪˼Ǹ˵ףɷĺһ䣬
һЦȻÿ벽תܽȻûÿ˼һ䣬Ȼ׼ƹȥ
ʵܺƽһ·ûʱƽϣֻѡԱƹȥ
Ȼû뵽ǣȻûƹȥΪ˲䣬һ죬ֱӾͰˤ˳ȥ
ӶͻȻţûκε׼һɳȥԶȻصˤڵϡ
һˤʵᣬ֮ܵӲûվ
ӱΧ˲ͣǰһĻС˽
ЩЦʲôطҶȽϲΧۡ
顢ءӨŮ֪ı£Ǽӣû˿ĵǣЩ˷ܡ
֮ڴӵʱˣ˫۶ݺݵĵ˵ովǹģʲô˼
˵仰֮ǰ׵ˣܹܲĻȻԷü䴿ﵭ˵ûʲô˼˼ҵİ£Ϳˡ
ʱ򣬺׷ŵҲѾܵ˸ǰոں濴˰æ֮ʱһϲһƤ˵ǳҪҪû
Ķʾ˸лȻ˵ô㻹Ƥ𣿡
ӿ˿ӣ˿ֿ˿ΧԽԽΧȺ֪һƤǲòȥˡ
ʵڱһ˲䣬Ѿ֪һˣ֮ûټܣѡ񽫹ĶӣϸĿ
ڣڿˣʵ顢ءӨŮ޵ˡ
Ȼ̫ŮòƾŮģӱԿ϶ñסգһΪ
Ȼûʱȥ룬Ůյж
ƤݺݵĶӣǳĲģΪƤһʲСǮۿӴȡġ
ٲģҲû˱ѡֻһζݺݵĿһۣȻתܿˡ
Ӷݺݵ벻⣬Ƕ˵㿴һƤĶ𣿡
ողûֹ뿪ӷƤĶ֮Ҫ׷ӣʵһǳɵ顣
ӽƤ򿪣˿һۣܹȷĶû١
޸мĶ˵װʵǲ֪ӦαҶĸмƤǮ˵ǳҪİҺпܱʧȥˣǶ˵һǳصĴԣҪֿĸм
ЦЦ˵̫ˣҲǾ֮ͶѣʵǲҪ˸м
Ȼг֣˵ޣװҵȷ£ȷ֮ǰʶҿðһ£֪ҵֵʵ̫˼ˡ
ЦⲢûʲô˼ģΪϣд֡
ȻͷһȻĹһЦ˵ԭˣޣҾȻˡ



һǧһʮ ư
ΧȺѾûֿɿ㶼ɢȥˣһɢȥһߵ˽
ǸµӻȻ֮˵װһһҵĸмǰ治ԶĵطһҾưɣѾʱ֣λС㣬ûг緹Ļ뼸λǰȥҵľưͣҵľưṩ͡Ȼڼλ˵ѵġ
˵ȷҳ緹ĵطԷлˣܶԷ룬ԷȷֻǾ֮ͣ˵̧֮ͣҪԷ˸л
˵̫ˣǳл룬ǰȥŲ̫ʡ
æ㲻֪Ƥ˵жҪ֪ĻһΪǳǾӦõġ㲻ҪپܾˣҵĿưɾǰԶ·ȥֻҪʮӵʱ䡣
ٴܣȴͻȻ͵һЩ죬Щ˷ܣЩ˼˵װĿո˵ľưɵ֣ǽưɣ
¼ľư֣ƺеʮֵϲ⣬ֵɻľư˶سĴưɵĻɻжϲ
ʵϣĿưɣֻһұٵյưɣǲСȴʮֵʩҲȽϳ¾ˡ
ƽʱĿ˺٣Ϲ˿֮⣬ѼµĹ˿͹١
Ϊܶ˻δ߽ľưɣֻߵſڣҡҡͷ뿪ˣʵڲԸһľư֡
Ȼưɲһʼôڲ̵һʱ֮ڣⶼǳĲÿӯҲǳɹۡ
Ҳһ緢ҪưɣӪ˶سľưɡ
ȻвƣеϦվһ˳ԭ֮£µĿưսΪ״
Ҳ緢ҪΪǳξ档
ʵϣӣһҪһԽһȻﲢǵشɵҲˣһԽһ𣬸һС֡
Ϊ˴Ҫɵ𣬶ƴշ˲ٵ˼ҪʵǲģЩԻ͵ĿưɾգͰѾưתóȥˡ
ò״չ𣬿ȥаȡ˳׼ɸǩµĺͬ
ȴ˭֪˶ˣһ˲䣬ͻȻ֮佫װƤˡ
һǷͬСɣòײŴչߵĻҲٴճһˡ
Ƿܹ޼ʱ䣬ҪٴһݳҲǳѡ
յĽпܾǣưⷿǿջȥԿ˵һĴ
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ܿѾƴ׷ѾСٶȣȲǰĴˣ뱻ԽԽԶ
Ľĺţϣǰ·ְܹһǴˣֻҪƬ̾͹ˡ
ǵǣ·ȫܵĶ㿪ûԸһ´ˣܴҶóƴ׷Ǵˡ
ʮֵʧܾʹ˷һҪ׷ȥֱҲ޷ŲŲΪֹ
Ȼ׷׷ţÿϲһĻˣǰһ׵˳֣ţŰǸˡ
¿Ǹˤȥһ˲䣬˶Ǹ׵ʮֵĸм֮⣬ƲסĿϲƤܹûˡ
ʵҲȻˣĸ׵˵İæ֮£³ɹûƤ
ˣôĿưȻҲסˣϣѪҲסˡ
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ľưѾһƬԱ֤ܹṩһݷḻͣزᵡˡ
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ǻشǵģװҵľưɵ֣ǽưɡ
һЦ˵ޣװĿҸеǳңҲʮԸȥľưֻͣϣȥ̫鷳
룬¹ȻʮֵľϲǰȻ̬ͬȣҲÿֵɻ
λ֮ǰ̬ܵΪļΪʲôҾưɵ̬֮ͻȻתˣѵΪҵľưʲôĴưɣôΪ˱⵽˾ư֮Σھ˵һ¡
գԥƬ̣˵װԸȥҵľưͣʵǷǳľϲҡֻǣװҵľưʵΪܻ֮ʧģһ׼һݷʢ͡
ЦˣҾȥľưͣΪľưжãֻҷǳϲưɵ֡ңΪҺľưɿܺԵ֣ðš
ϲ˵װҵľưɵȷԵ֣Ȼҵôôõĸպ㣿λС㣬ȥҵľưɣΣ
Ǿʹſˡ
ڿµĴ£顢ءӨŮһ𣬳ſµĿưȥ



һǧһʮ ˽
µľưɵǰ̬ת䣬ǿɻ顢ءӨŮҲͬеɻ
ǰ棬˸ں棬شսСʵ֮ǰȥģôľưɵ֮ͻȻ֮ҪȥأЩ˷ܵӡ
ͬС˵ȻԭģҾ롮ưɡйءھʲôԭڼ仰˵Ժ֪
Ůһ˵ƲƲ죬Զֹһʲô
΢΢һЦҲڽͣʵϣڻǽͲ
ΪľưɣǰӢһǳƷĦĦ˹̽һǳľưɡ
Ħ˹ĴڿưſڣС˹̹
С˹̹ܸ˸Ħ˹ڱ˽221Bһ׷ӣ֮һЩеľ¡
ûпϵȻҲûˡĦ˹̽ȴû뵽ִ˶سȻһҽľưɡ
еǳľϲͲ˼飬Ҫ֪Ħ˹̽Ĺ±ϸͣһҽľưɡ
ڣһ磬ʱҲµͣȻһҽľưɡ
֪Ӧ˵Ե֣ڤڤ֮⡣
ԣŻԿư˵ȤȻ˿µ룬ưһҪһġ
ЩԭȻ޷Կ½Ҳ޷顢ءӨŮ
һ·һ̸߽ڼ䣬֪ԻҲ֪֡
ʮ֮󣬿˵λС㣬ǰʮ·ǼҾưɣҵĿưˣȥȷЩԴҸеǳźͱǸ
Ů˳ſָķȥȻǰһ·ڴ˿ưɣư֡Ϊֵġ
ֻԣȥƺȷΪǻδ߽ưɣ濴Ѿܹоˡ
ȥƺȷ̫ãƺС
µͷ˵ûȷСҲΪԭÿµǲ͡ʵϣҵľư벻Ѿкܳһʱˡ
Цֻʱģҿľưɵλ÷ǳĲӦûġ
µǳлļԣһֱŬú
һȵ̫á
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һңǰĦ˹̽С˵ľưɣǳĸȤڿΪʩҲЩ¾ɡ
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顢ءӨŮվЦǾ鷳ˡ
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˵֮󣬱ǰ·Ůϡ
ʱһ䣬һѾ˷ḻʳȻ²㰲ŵһЩǾ׼ġ
кż£̫ˣʵ̫ʢˣлĿ
Ц̸ʲôʢλС㣬룡
ͷϵĲ;߿ʼòͣ顢ءӨŮҲͬʼòͣǻǸоЩˡ
һС֮ʵһ⣬˶سһ˽֡Ľֵ𣿡
֪пư֮󣬱ʵһ⡣
˽֣ƺûʲôӡ˼˺һ֮˵ϳǱߣƺȷôһֵﵹǲ̫ԶӦһСĽֵע⡣ԣҲ̫ȷΪλͻȻ𱴿˽֣
Ц֮ǰ˶سеͼʱ򣬺񿴵ôһֵոͻȻſܻ֪˳һʡ
µǳǸҲ̫ȷӦôһֵġȥǱ𣿡
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µϳﲻ̫ԶҪȥĻԹȥ
ͷ˵õģл
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һǧһʮ ۵С
ڿưͣֺͿһ֮󣬱ǡ
Ҳ֪˶سģҲͲ˼ټѼ͵˾ưſڡ
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ͬЦлļԣԸ˵
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ԥһ£˵ǻһλҲԵũׯׯҲǹϵƷߡܹоƺҲͨˡðһ£ɾλ
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ȻԽǺӴԽоƺһͨˣʶдһʡ
ȻȻˣʵʲôϣǰȷͨˣⲢ֤Ǹǡ
¿ɲԸԼôã˻ְҲ͡
ʵĻֻ÷ǳźðʡ
һʣЦЦ˵ǳлͿӭȥͣʱҲԷ룬ӦܹҵңʱӭĵôǾ͸ˣٴθлд
˵æ˵õģټλСټӭư档
Ůٴ˵ټ֮뿪¿Ů뿪ıӰո˵Ļ
˼ԣȥļͣ˵ȥ˻֮Ӧܹҵõȴûиҵľַܹҵõǡ
ͻȻüΪ˷ܣλļҾڻʥ壬Ȼܹҵõ
һȻشҵ⣬ֱȥ͵˼ޣȻȥ͡ԽԽ˷ܺͼưɵҲʱ׵Ժ

Ѿ뿪ưɵ鼸ˣȴǲ֪˵˷ܡ
ص˵൱ڸ𣿡
ЦҵûʲôֵñܵģȻ͸ˡ
صͷðɣ˵ǡˣҪȥʲô˽𣿡
ţȥ
صǽΪʲôȥ￴ݸոտϰ˵ʲô˽ֲһ۵С֣һϳΧӦҲûʲôĵطѽ
ڵȷԺ˭֪أǷȥϳҲͦð
ص˵һǾÿɡǲʲô뷨
Ц뷨ȷһ㣬ȥ￴֮˵
صǺðɣϰ˵ﲻ̫ԶӦҲôȥ
ֱӴһȥ
һ⳵ֱϳȥ
ȷԶҲŰСʱ֮󣬼˳⳵ʦǣ˽־ǰ治ԶϾҪˣ³߹ȥ
̧ĴһֽȷʵٶһЩµĺۼ³ĸоЩͬ
û³ִĽֵϣȴһֶصĻζ˸ģ΢ƽһЩ
³þˣѡϳһߣȻһѡ
һֱֵߣݸոճ⳵ʦ˵˽ֱֵཻھǰ治Զ
˵ȷԶԶľͿˣǰһʮֽ·ڣŵһ֣ӦþǱ˽ˣֻû·ʾ˽ֵȷֻһС֡
ܿ죬˾ߵʮֽ·ڣһһ·治Ľֵڼ˵
ֵǸʽĹԢסլ¥ȻЩ¥㣬һһſǳĸɾ࣬Ҳһֶصζ͸
·һ֮˵Ǳ˽ôֵ϶û·ꣿ
ȷǱ˽ˣǰ·꣬Ѿˡ˵·ڴӦҲ·ģֻǿΪʲôԭˡ
صͷ˵ӦþˣȻҲֵԵĹԢסլ¥ȥƺܲ
סȷһǳõѡ񡣡



һǧһʮ Ψһ
˶سϳ˽ʮֽֿڡ
顢ءӨˣվڽֿڿһ֮ű˽ֵֽǰߡ
ֵϱƣʮ·νֵܳȴ500ңƽ·4ңϳߡ
ֵԵ÷ǳ壬·ϡ٣ֵԳ˸ʽĹԢסլ¥֮⣬ҲûʲôĽʲôҲûС
Щɻ˵ֵƺЩڵˣĶоЩ̫ȻϳλòƫƧ˵λòԵĹԢסլ¥ȥҲ˵ﲻӦŶԡ
Ө˵ЩԢסլ¥ȥȷƺǿŵģûסˣԭɡ
صӨӨôһ˵ҺҲоЩԢûסˡ⻹֣ЩԢͲλҲУΪʲôûסأ
ʲôǲ֪ԭɣֻûԭ򣬾ö֮ȻȻľͳĿǰ״
صе֣ˣҪ֣ѵ֮ǰֵ֪е֣
Цôı£ҾûԭĶֺȤңҸղ˵Ǿе֣Ǳδؾͻ֣ΪѾϰֵ塣
ֵ⵽Ҳǣֲ˼Ԣסլ¥֮⣬ûʲôرĵطһͨС֣ƺҲ
һһߣ֮ߵ˽ֵľͷԭ·أȥոʮ·ڶһνֵȥȴͻȻá֨һЩǿŵ
ĽֵϣһΪȫŤͷķȥ
ȻֵͷģһʽԢĴڱ˴򿪣һԢ˾סǼðĵһͷ
Ϊ˫ţű򿪣еأֻǿ֮˵ȽСű򿪵ٶȺܻ֨Ҳϵúܳ
ŴһǶȵʱһ˫ݣ͸޾²ɣ֣ץסأŴ򿪡
һ˫˫ֵ˵һСˣֲܹо˿ſΪĳ
ڱˣ߳һλˣʮˣ˵ƺӲʣΪ˵ϣһΪС鲼ڴڴĹĵģȻװ˶
ȻߵúܻÿһȵΪ̤ʵ
ھŵĲԶͣһֳֳķȥ˼ƺҪŵ鲼ڴֳ
ţ˵Ƿǳѣǰȥ˵˼ңãҪ𣿡
˵ĶûпŴȴ÷ǳͣ½ŲЦǺǵ˵лл㣬ˣʵҪһӶŵһֳȥİæһࡣ
ЦҷǳԸæôɡ
˵꣬ӹڴһᣬ΢ЩȣڴȻΪᣬʮҡ
˵ȻֵһᣬܹϵöɼȷʵΪӲʡ
˸ոտŵʱȴԸоΪĳ˿Ӧűô򿪣ӦҪάˡ
ԺһͷȻſڴֳȥ
ڴŲ³ˣڴװʲôӦӲֽ֮ķƷ
ѵҪЩƷȥԺһͷ
һߣһߴһЦǺǵ˵ˣǳѽһڴĶʮȴоͬһ㡣
һЦ˵˼ҹˣƽʱȽעض壬ȷʵȳ˸󡣡
˵ͷֵˣûв´ĻӦԻ˶سΪ档
Ŷһ˵ȤٴδһۣЦ˼Ϊ϶
ˬһЦ˵ΪҸոڹԢ׼ŵʱԼԼûڽȻܿ϶ǻġִλǳŮ飬ȻпεġңҲֻ˽ܵĻŮӡ
ҲЦ˼ҵжϵȷǳ׼ȷҵȷԻ˶سεġˣ˼ңһֱסֵҸոմӽֵͷ߹ֵֽԵסլ¥ƺǿŵģ⵹˾Щ֡
̾һ˵Щסլ¥ȷǿյģ˽ϣֻһ˾סˣѾס˼ʮˡ
Ȼˡһ֮˵˼ңΪʲôأҿľסΪʲôûԸסأ
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪Ϊʲôֵһֱߣǰм˼Ҿס½ˣһѾסʮˡƺѾֵˣȷһź־÷ǳɻ顣
ͷûټʣЩȷ˵ԭ



һǧһʮ ʼҸԺ
˽ϡ
˽ڴֳϣ˵лл㣬ˣİ࣬ף˶س졣
Ц˼ҿˣǾ֮Ͷѡˣ˼ңʵҸոմӽֵǱ߹ʱһֱ۲ÿһסլ¥ǰƺţȴûзһסլ¥ƺţ˼סһ¥ϵסլ¥һֱûƺŵ𣿡
ҡͷȻƺŵģֻǽڴƺʧˣ˴ţͻ֣ᷢÿһסլ¥ƺŵġ
ԭˡͷ˵ô˼ңǿðһ£סһ¥ƺǶ𣿵ȻֻǴıȽϺѡ
ЦȻԸˣˣҵһ¥221ţҷֿʵ˼ңƺ221bšֻǿϧҵھҲʮ֮ǰˡ
221bţ͵һһƺǰǴĦ˹뻪סľַǱ˽221bš
Уbʾ˼򣬶Ǳʾסַ˼ҵ˼
ʵϣո֮Ի۲ƺţΪ˿һûС221bšĴڣ
û뵽ȻôһƺŴڣһΨһһ˼ҡ
ǰӢȻͬб˽֣ȴû221bţ221bǿϵ鹹һƺš
Ȼǰһ鹹ƺţȴʵʵĳˣ֮ǰĿưһⲻһθпעɺϡ
ȴǲɫЦ˵221bţһΰ֡
ȻźǰĻˣΪʲô˵һΰ֣ȴûгѯʣ˵ˣллʵϣҲΪһΰ֡
˼֮໥һټ˿ֳ΢Щĵֳ뿪
˵ֳǰǽһĨ΢Цʱ顢ءӨŮ˹վߣͬǰڻ뿪ֳ
λӦȥڴЩƷɣΪʲôڴˣļأ
صһЩᣬ˼ڵ廹Ӳʣٹ֮˼ҵ岻ӲʣǸʱָǺã
Өλ˿ȥƺһͨˣ˼ϲһڴ˶Ӱɡ
ͷȷܹоóһͨˣӦĳݲŶԡȻǲûʲôϵ߰ɣȥʮ·Ǳһνֵλ˻
˵ֳڽֵͷһ䣬ʧŮҲתŽֵء
֮󣬼ְʮ·ڶһα˽ֵһ飬Ȼ뿪ϳ·³
³ȥ˼ط֮ɫ˲ûصƵȥ׼һ˶سǵҹ
ϾִĴУҹǵУŷǳҪĽɫ
һһź顣
֮ǰ´˵绰СѾͷ¶ѾѧؼˣСѾͷ¶Ҳǳķġ
һҲԹ֮ʱ䵽ߵ㣬ɫѾȫԶ·ƣ޺ƣĳƵȵȹԴ˶سǵҹȾķǳƯ
ѤƯҹȻǷǳģȺУ»ǣ֣໥һķޣҲһ
ϸִӸ򷽴ֻԶ
վһǳĹ㳡ϡ
㳡һǣһλĸĳһиҲԣΪеһ׸裬Χʮפ衣
ڹ㳡Ķ棬һҹģǳĸԺʼҸԺƾĶܹӻʼҸԺи
ԣʱĻʼҸԺڽһֻᡣ
顢ءӨŮҲ˶ĻʼҸԺ˵˽֮ǰ˵ĸԺ϶ѵֱݣǼҸԺźܴӦҲֱݰɣ
ͷаڽء
۾һ˵ȥһôҲѵ
ЦѾͷΪɶͶôȤأʱҲǡ
صֻҸȤӨӨôϲ裬϶ҸȤ˵ֶ꣬Ө˵ǲѽӨӨ㣿϶Ҳȥһɡ
ӨЦţҵȷȤ
Ȼֿϧϧ˵Ͻ㣬أ
ЦðɣҲȤ
ػһ˵㿴ɣֻȤ
ЦǳɣǾȥǼһʼҸԺ



һǧһʮ ԩ·խ
ʼҸԺ˶سĸԺ֮һȻΪԺʵȴһò͵ȶֹΪһۺԳ
顢ءӨ߽ԺֻԺŴһֱ˽ǳĸߣڽȥˣҪԶȳ˶ࡣ
Ҳûĵ飬ֱ߽˴ţڽŵʱԱˣݳĳһٸִ
·ָʾ˺ܿ͵˵ٸ⣬Ѿܹһλиڳ裬滺񾲣һ֡
Өʱ˵׸Żܹ˷Ż飬ô
ͷȷԣһײˡ
ҾҲͦģǿȥɣӦֱӽȥɣ
׼˵Ȼüͷ΢΢һ壬омĿ⣬עǡ
оʵôˣ
һЦ˵һˡ
һ˵顢ءӨŮЩɻصʲô˼ѽʲôˣֻн°ţǾưϰҲǿɣҲ𣿡
ҡͷǡܹоǽ»߿µĻող
Ѿˣǵҷǵһ£ϾҶ
Ů󣬼æתͷұ߿ȥֻмʮӣһӣǿһˣǽ类ڵصģǸӡ
ȻŮüͷ΢壬ܹоó߹ļ˶ǲ⡣
ȻŮҲֻüͷ΢ѣǲûио˿ĺ£ܹһּǿİȫС
³Ǹڵصӵ֣ʱν˷ܣΪȻڵٸ⣬˽ǸˤְæһĶСӡ
Ȼ֮˷ܣʵһԭǱΪŮӣͬҲڡ
˵ǣʱһˣ㹻ͬ顣
ͬǶǡϵˣƽʱȫӪһЩ޳ɱġ⡱Ϊ
У͵ʵõģʵǡ͵ˣǱֻáˡ
³һ⣬ܹ϶ǸƤǮʮϣһʵѾɹˣֻǺһĶСӣһָŪûˡ
ֵĴ󵥾ˣ³ֱǸĶСӺ޵ǡļͬ飬ҲΪĲ˳ϼ˱ۼһȥһ⡣
Ժõѡ֮һѵ˶࣬ҵעּϣֵѶ֮һ
ʵϣǾϵĸԺջ
ǽϵĿ꣬ǻʼҸԺĵٸյٸӪҵ⣬³㿴ǸҧгݵĶСӣΪŮӡ
³ϲ񣬽ٵĺߵļͬһ˵һ˹˵³˵Ǹƻ⣿Ůӵʵ̫ˡ
³ûһϴŮҾԲϴ
һͬˣȴüͷ΢˵ԶĸңԻҿ»˰ɡǳǿǹҵǹǷǳܻӭģǲҪͻĺãϾ⡯ģռ
³Цһ˵ˣ⵨Ҳ̫С˰ɣԻôһͨΣǻɡ˵ֲôƻҵ⣬⳥ʧⲢְɣ
˹³˵öԣһ۸ȻܹŮ˶سΣ˵ȻǮ⳥ʧҲ֡
ȻüȻҳƻ֤һ֮ˣοϹԹԵ⳥ʧ
³Ц粻һʱѪ嶯ˣֻΪŮǰӣҲŽҰ֮󣬿϶ͺˡҲ룬һ磬Ը鷳ڹȥֻҪ΢һԹԵ
ڵͷ⻰ûǺðɣͬˡ
³ͷǺãھ͹ȥǺҪ׼ȥˡסҪϣ㽫Сӿס
˺ٺЦˣվſڲԶ鼸ˡ
ո߽³ЦСӣû뵽Ȼ㣬ͦԵֵġôŮְСӻͦ
һЦ˵ԭ㣬ôһˤûڹʲô˼
³Ҳûʲô˼ǺͼͬǱʾһ»ӭ˶سΣӦûӭǡ
ͷллǵĻӭˣû飬ǱҪȥˡ



һǧһʮ 
ٸǰ
³˵ûʲôĻǱҪȥˣвһЦĵСҲ̫˰ɣΪǹӭĲɣ
һЦżʵǹ˶Ǳʾӭ֮⣬һҪ鷳һ¡
ŶɵЦʲô飿˵ҿ鲻鷳
³ܺãҲͲ㶵ȦˣӢƻҵĺǼ飬㻹ǵðɣ
ͷǵð㵱ʱˤȥƻͦ˧ģˤľҲͦԶҵĻҾˤôԶȻ͸ˤô˧ˡ
һ˵顢ءӨŮͬʱ͡һЦĿתͬʱһۡ
ŮһЦ˲䣬Ǿͬ⺮еƴ磬ü³˹˵ȫһȫǳı顣
ⷬӦú޵ҧгݵļ³ҲˣŮһЦˡ
ѹ֮ʱӦһҧгݵıŶԣȻæһҧгݵı顣
ֻǿϧڸոյĳԳʱһҧгݡı飬̫ûֳķŭһΪĸо
Ů³ϵı飬ǡ͡һЦ˹˵һγ³ͱȽʹˡ
鲻ԽķǳȴֻҪǿװһҧгݵģʵǷǳ࣬ƫƫЧ룬ź
ҡͷ³ڵһ飬Ҫһʲô˼ʵ˿ǲҪֳԼķŭ鲻λѽ
⻰ٴŮЦÿգֻһȫתֻ漪³˹˵һӰü³˹˵˺һʧ
ûпŮЦ³ϵıܿ͵λ࣬޺޵Ŀҧгݵ˵СӾȻǲңûпô𣿡
˵꣬³ƺͻȻʲôһ˿ɻ֮ɫ˵ոսҵ֣ô֪ҵ֣
ȻЦԲ˵ĶȽϺãոǹʱλȥЩ׳˶֣ˣҾ֪ˡ
³˹˵оһ³Щ˵ⲻܣոǹʱ˹ȷҵ֣ǸʱǻôԶ˵ֲ㲻õġ
ʼ磬˵˵ҵĶȽϺõȴܹ
³˹˵ǾԲһ˶ܹôãԭ򣬶ĶСӣƺֵȷûģܹ֪³ֵԭ
ѵСӵĶôãܰ
³˹˵Щ±ˣʱС˵³˹ҿƺͨˣǻǳɣƻһѡ
˹ʱҲЩԥˣ³ȴ˵ʲô֪ҵֶѣʱ˹ҵֵʱȽϴ󣬶ĶҲȷͨˣҪ΢ôһ㣬ҲȫûпܡǾ뿪ʲôӣոǲңҿʲңĸоСӦúǮô̫ϧˣң椣Ǿûһʲô뷨ֻһЦܹ˳Ҫ١Լ롣
³һ˵˹˵˲ȫ˵ͷϵıҲԽԽݣһЩȥ˵˼
ΪһΣֻ椣Ѿֵǻȥˡ
ΪԼ˵ǳС֪ĶԻһֲ˸
Щͷɫ˵˵ֹ˵ʲôأûʲôµĻǿɾ˰ǻýȥء
³˹˵˲ɫ໥˵ͷ³ЦСӣոǲңˣǶǺÿ֮ˣԲøƽϡɣǸƤһֽ𣬶ȴҶʧȥôֻֽҪܹҵʧֲһУǶԲƽϣҲߣ椽ȥ֡Σ
ͷԭǵĿģ˵ΪأһԲԣԿԣҿǣ˵ˣҸոҲͲǲˣԲԣ
⻰öļ³˹˵һ±ƣһ㶣ƺȫһ
ƤҲʮҵ³˵һľ޿ΪҪʧɫ˵ûôǮ
ȻǾͿ˵ûôǮҲûйϵķʽֲ
ǱǶǮȴֱӴӦһ
ʲô˼ѵǶСӣΪƤһֽ
ôСƤܹװһֽǹѣСӾȻû
ƣü³˹˵ȫסӦ



һǧһʮ λΪӰ
ƣ³˹˵˺һ֮󣬲ŷӦ
³Сӣˣ˵һȷܹ𣿡
ͷ˰һǮ˵С˼ǲΪҵģ𡣡
³˹˵һо룬ѵСôǮʵǹҵĸ
ȫ˵ͷСܴ椳ΣȷӦǸŶԡһ𡣡
뵽³˹˵˲ʮֵ˷ܣҲû뵽ϵȻôãֱһ
Ȼȫһ˵һĻǾһܹǼ顣
ǿһ֮ǰľ޿
Ŀ϶һĻ˵ǰеĹһʹǺ׵ҲԸ⡣
ðŽӵΣ⣬ΪܹɵǮΪܹǮӵķնð׵ʲô˵ģ
椵飬Ҳνˣ椣ǮɸҪöࡣ
Ǯǻٵ
ȻҲ֪ǰ椣ǻٶǮӦҲҲģ椿
ˣǻΪźġ
ûйϵһľ޿һźʲô
³˹˵ԽԽ˷ܣ۾һ֮⣬ҲĶˡ
һҲǵ˼ά̣˲½˼ȼ޷ϸȥ˼Ϊʲôô׵ģʹӦһˣ
ֻΪ϶Ǳסˣж󣿼ȻסˣǾҪǮ¡
һԭǾΪ֮ԻôʹģӦһŮǰװƵ˼
ҪŮƣжһ۾գһ¾ͻˡ
ϲŮǰչ¶ԼǮĺˬ
³˹˵ԽԽþ룺磬ô˵˵ˣǽ㡮׸硯׵ԣ᣿
³˷ܵð⣬ʹ֣Ѿ֮ǰɷıˣЦݿĹλֵܣոᣬˣⶼҵĴҸոʵ̫ӦˣҸǸֵܣһǣֽתˣ
˵꣬ڴ֮ɫĿ˹˵Ҳͬˣﾡ˷̰ܺĿ⡣
ż˵ı仯żе˷̰һ̾ľЩЦЩһʱһ֮⣬ҲĶˣҲŽ˼ȼ
ȻһȷһСĿԸıܶ飬Щһ֮ԻЩΪҪͨЩͶ
ͻȻ콵ƣҸͻȻ̻ή͵ҲΪ
ֻǣô಻ͶĺƣŲͶˣעֻһա
³˹˵ˣҲȻֻǿջϲһһ˵ȷֵһᣬȻ³ˡ
³ʣЦͨת˵ķʽɣһֽϣ
³æֱͷ˵Զԣֵ˵öԣҿǲˣתˣתˣھͰʺŸ㣬ֵܣֻ¼һ£
ͷóֻ˵ţ˵ɡ
³˷ܵĽԼʺšϸϢ˵˳һһ¼֮Ȳ˵ֵܣھת˰ɣֻӦҲԲġ
³˵ϢãֻЦȲżתûôǮôǮʱת㣬ģ˻Ҷסˣתġ
ûǮ³˹˵һ㶣ȰһЩܿ»ָ֮ǰӣ³˵пܣпܣпڿûô࣬ҪٸתһôҪã
ò˶ãǽʱҹƾͲˡ
ʲô³˹˵ˣһʱ֮ȫûзӦһ仰ǰĻʵ̫ˡ
˺Ƭ֮󣬼˲ŷӦ˵ǵǽʱ򣿡
ƺǸоһѸٵĻΪӰ³˹˵Ѹ˹ҲڻָС
³ϵЦʧȵСӣʲô˼
ǽӰٵһǮĿɲСһΣ㹻ȥˡļҲǵ֮ˣϻ٣м¼ڰĶ룬˶سǵִǣӦûǸȤġ



һǧٶʮ в
һ˵³˹˵ˣֱһ
˵òûдǶǵϵˣ˭ûбŷ¼
ֻһֱСĽ˶سǵִǣһֱ޷ȷǵݣоյĵڣɿң
˶سǵִǣǵȷǳĸȤ
ܿ죬侲Сһ˾ͽӣǸܵ
³Ц˵СӣƺһֱûиڵҪͽӣƾʲôţ
˻ϵֻ˵ǴǽȥģȻһõѡΪᵢҲٵʱ䡣Ҫ֪ǻҪȥֵģҿɲԸΪǶ˷ʱ䡣ںˣոϸϢͲԶˡ룬˶سǵִǣܹҵǵġˣڿˡ
ǲͼ³˹˽ӵģȻԷǵϵˣɵþһЩ͵Ĺ¶ȥܡ
ǹ鷳Ҳֻ׼ǲһִ¡
ǣ⼸һոʱ򣬾ȻҪ顢ءӨŮ⣬ˡ
׼Ѽһͽȥ͵ǸǵһѵˣףЩǲܴġ
ֻǣҪ⼸һӣᵢٵʱ䣬治ԸΪ˷ʱ䡣
ǡýʨӴ󿪿ҪǮҲ˳Ϊȡһ˵ϸϢϸϢǾͲҪԽˡ
һľ޴ջ£˵½Ǽ³Ƿǳģ͸¶ˣԼϸϢ
һͺðˡ
ӻ֣ü뿪Ѿٺͼ˼ȥˣҲֽѵˡ
ֻǣ֪ǲܾ뿪ʵҲȷ
˵Ǽ˿ˣŭЦСӿûиڵ仰Ӧ˵ĲŶԵİɣһڶթԷõһ⳥Ϸ֮
뵽³ϸϢ֪ˣһЩңһǳ顣
³ŭСӣԭո˵ԸһΪȡϢ
Цˡ
³ŭ벻ͨƽʱʮֻһôô׵ϵأȻɵģ˶ԷԼϸϢ
Щ鷳ˣԭΪܹ׵ĿסԷթһʲСǮƣȴ֪Ϊλľ棿
ܹֻΪϢ¼ֻϣֻǾûˡ
ɲֻǼ¼һ飬ܰϢ
ֻǣٸŲԶﶯ٣ǵĿһֱǿţԹԵĽǮǡ
ֻûбǿסǲתҲԽԽ
ڿҪֻǼҲǲܵˡ
³˹˵ŭһʱ֮ȴֲ֪Ǻã
ѵԷҪ³Ϣй¶˶سִߣ
Ļһοɾͳ׵ˣʲôģǳ׵ĶˣһɫŮǰ
³ʵ벻ףʲôԥһ֮ڻѡ˲Ҫӡ
ӵķձʲôģû˾û˰ɡ
Ȼɲ̫ǣ³˵λѣһˣֻҵϢɾ֮ǰĹڱһʹ뿪ǡΪô˶س棬ҲԸ£԰ɣ
֮ǰȷǲԸ£ȻѾˡ
³һɫȻȴԽԽˣѣ֮ǰȷǲԣǲù鷳Ǹ㿴ҲûʧʲôֺαҪǹȥأ
ûʲôʧֻΪϢȻǻһ̬𣿿ң֮ҪǽӣΪԭ򣬶˲˼ˣ߰ɡ
һ˵³ѾоǲܰϢɾˣҲȵСӣҪҵϢ͸¶˶سǵִǣҲδؾͻĽȥ
㣬ɾǳ׵ˡΪǵϾ⼸ʵ㣬ֻҪǰϢǵһй¶˶سԻ鷳
ƯҪϳʵǷǳסңƯһ㲻Ϊǵֵܹܣٿһ£ҵϢɾҺƽദ˭áȻܶɾͲ˵ˡ
ɵв𣿡
³ߵûȷΪв㡣
ͷôѾ֪ˣȻǲߣǾͲˡѾǲֵʱˣôټˣλ
˵꣬ȥܼ³˹˵ˣ顢ءӨŮһֱ߽˵ٸĴš



һǧٶʮһ 
顢ءӨˣ߽˵ٸĴţ³˹˵ˣȴֻĿ߽ȥ
ǲֹǲطֹ
УɫȻǼ³
ϾϢˣҪ£׵ǸˣҲΣյˡ
˹˵˵ΣϵҪСһЩȻΪĵǣΪոǶС˵ǣҪǼһͽȥ
ܹоǶСƺЩаţ˵ܰȫͽȥ
ʱ˼³֮ļˣȫΪĺڣû¶ż³СϹκɶº˰ɣƨĺôûеõ˽ӵΣա
Լ³ҲΪԹǼ³ǽ˵ڵٸһˣ
³ƺоͬǶԹ˵ǲҪԹң֮ԻһСӵ鷳Ҫԭ򻹲ҪթСӵǮƣԼΪ椡ڴҶһϵˣӦúúһ£Ӧô죿𣿡
˹˵³˵ЩȻ˵֮Իż³һȥСӵ鷳Ҫԭȷ缪³˵¼վΪ³С֮ĶԹǡ
ڼ³仰ͰԭȫƸԼͲ
ջ̾һ³˵ĶԣһϵˣǶԼ³Ҳûʲô壬ǺúõӦôҪġ
ܲСŪȥ˰ɡ
ֻǣʲôĺð취
˵³вһ¶ֻܹô죿
³Цողһ¶ֻԭһǲԸǰˣ׼ǲôߣõǲǵȷôƺˣһֱҪȥġǾʱ᲻˵װģ
˹Ҳ˵³ûдǾǳȥʱҲٸϻҲټвˣֱӶ֣һ㣬ݺݵĽѵһ֮Ҳʵˡ֤ȥӱ˵ܶթһǮơ
³ֵûúõĸСӺƽȴƫƫ飬͹ֲˡڶһ˵ģƲԣԷơ仰Сϣٺʲ㻹˵ӵǧʷĳǿкܶĻ˵ûǷǳе
༸ϸ룬Ϊ³˹˵ģȷûдƺûиӺѡ
Ȼˣ˵鲻࣬ȻЩĳ壬Ѿ̫ˡ
˵ôھȥֻһȥĴţۣǲõķֲǡ
³Ƭ̣˵żСӴһ𣬶Ȼûôȥȥ濴һûһСʱ֮׼ʱȻȥšȻΪԷһҽһھȥţСǰȥˣȥסСӣȻ֪ͨǣϸϳ
˹˵ãô졣ôȷҪȥ⣬һС
֮󣬼һɺھȥţ༸ɢţ½뵽ٸѰȥˡ

ٸ
顢ءӨ˴ӴŴ룬еĻҪһЩдǫ̂ǰռС
̨ǰΪ򣬷Ϊͨ
Ρ̨Ȳą̃ṩ־ˮʳȣۿǿһƷƣԶһ֡
Ȼ̨ṩľˮʳȣҪѹģҼ۸Щ
ѵģҲ˵㲻㻨ǮҲȥ֡
ֻǣȥ˹ǮȻһǳ۵顣
ԣǽĹڣٶǮˡ
ȻҲųһЩûʲôǮˣżȥݳһأܹܹʣܹõЩͨĽĿ⣬ҧǮҲֵõġ
ͨʲôûˣֻǿŵĳضѣҲֻվ֡
ȻԼЯһСӣԼĵϡ
ʵϣͨЯСӵˣ
ڣеͨѾվˣƺҲ١
Թһ£Ĺ8000ϣνǳı



һǧٶʮ ԭݳ
ٸʱ̨ϳĸ֣ѾһλŮ֡
ĸȻһ滺ֻ֣һ׸裬֮һλиĸ裬Щˡ
λŮֵĳλиֲ׸豾Ȳһ׸衣
ʵϣλŮֵĳ֮ǰλиҪ߳١
ֳĹһ裬һС۷׷ף̨ϵĸֺݳĸԼĿ
ԣֳǡˡ
ЩˡȻҲ˸ոսģ顢ءӨ˵ĶС
׸ű֮ǰ׸˲ٰ׸˭ƷȻܹ붯ݳĪһλּҵƷֻǣּҵƷһ㲻ѡ̨׳˵ҲӦҪõöŶ԰
֪˭Ʒ̨Բѯÿһ¸ϸϣ鵽ֻǣû̫ĹϵҪǽģһ׸費һ׾ͺˡ
˲һΪȲӦݳ׸裬Ҫ֪ȿǣ׸ݲ
ѣΪȫûбҪ飬Ҫô׸ߣ߼ȽݳҪôԼΪʲôԭԸݳǲûʲôϵ
ðɣǶԵġ

Χ֮΢һЩȣֲ̨ϵŮֳΪأԭһλǸ֡
ϸ̨ϵλŮֿ˿ʮҵͣΪƯҲȷЩǷ
磬ǵȼƶȲֻǻУǹʹú͹ϵģǹͳһ׼ܶҶǵȼƶȣȻҲС
ʱ̨ϳλŮ֣ǣȡ
˵ּݳһϵǲμӣߡߵҲ࣬һ㶼ԷǸ־Ӷࡣ
ȴһλ̨ϳ裬Ϊ˾ȣΧǵݳӦԭݳ
һ˵˶سǸԺϵݳΪͨݳԭݳ
ͨݳȻǸֶֻǣгѾеĸ
ԭݳǸֶֻǣݳгûе¸裬еĸǵһιݳ
¸ǸԸֵݣԼ¸ݣҲּǴһ¸裬̨ϱݡ
ȻǵĴǷǸּ֣ͬǷּҡ
˵̨һǳõչʾ̨
Ϊݳֳиֹ˾֣̽ѰǱĸֻּҡ
Ǳ̽ѡеĻ˺пܻʹ˸ı䡣
ԣǷǸ֣ǷּңڸԺԭݳ̨ǳĿ
ֻǣԭݳ̨ϱϵģֻּǵ¸裬Ҫͨ췽ˣﵽһˮ׼֮󣬲пܻǫ̃ݳĻᡣ
Ȼ췽˱׼ߣһˮ׼С
Ͼһ׺õƷô״͵õģǶЩǸ֣ͷּ˵
ҲΪˣԺԭݳ̨ѳĺø裬ֹ˾̽ǣҲջ
Ȼѳֺø裬ֳĹ˵ԭݳȴҪͨݳӵ
Ϊԭݳȫ¸裬ܹ˵ڴзǳǿңǻһ׸ϣ
һױȽϺĸһ־ϲ顣
Уڶ¸ˣǻһ裬һƷͷһݳ֡ߣƷͷĶ
ֶ˵Ʒָ㽭ɽֻ໥۵ĸоǳá
Щͨݳûеġ
ԣԭݳĸԶԶȲͨݳȴԶͨݳӵ
ֳĹҲҪö࣬ҲԶͨݳӵĻ𱬡
ٸݳԭݳ˱ҲͲˡ
Щ˽֮顢ءӨˣҲ֪ΪʲôôĹˡ
ͬʱڽݳҲ֮ǰӵڴȻҲӵϲԭݳ
Щ˷ܵ˵ôҾ˵ǳȤɣȫԭҮֻǣЩƺôѽ
Ө׸ȻôǸղһ׸裬ȴǲģ˵̨кøģٽһݳкø衣
Ҳ˵ӨӨ˵ûһݳһͨԭݳҪ̨֪ݳĸ֣һλǸ֡ͨĳУǲֵܳġ
顢ءӨŮ󣬾ǻĵ˵ͷ˵һͨݳ
ȻȻǺ£һݳԵľ͸ֵڴˡ
ֳĹǣƺҲһ㣬Ҳͬøӵ˷ܺڴ



һǧٶʮ ԭ
Ԥеԭݳܲһͨԭݳ鼸˵ȤŨҲӵڴ
ͨܿ˿˵ȥɣа̨Σи־ˮϣʳƷȻҪˡ
顢ءӨŮȻȥһ
ĹԾҪٶˣϾѲͣԸѵ˲ࡣ
Ůѡһλ£Ǹ߽תΣǰһŸ߽ų԰ڷžˮʳȶ
תΣƷƣȷҪܶˡ
ŮҪҪԵʲôֻߺȵʲôŮʾոճ˷ãڲʲôҲʲôԡȵʱ˵
ͷŮҪԼȻҲ׼Ҫ
Ůǰĸ߽ųϿտҲʲôˮʳûС
ҲΨǰĸ߽ųʲôûС
ΧĹǼˣ˲⣬Ц˱ӣ˲мһˣҲСĳ
٣쿴ǸԶļһ˹ȴ㶫Ҷеˡ
ǰȻûǮѣǾͨžͺˣܵǵĹʲô
һ˵ͨƶԸѵˣȻλŮһʵ̫˼ˡ
ޣλС㣬ƺһĵƹ⣬ͲܹһЩ𣿡
٣ƣҪøֱӹȥŮǺһƲˣĿˣ˵ϻأڻܹܲк£ǾҪıˡ
ƣⲻȻǸ᲻ŮȾƣǾɡ˵ƣҪһȥ𣿡
ȻŮһöһȥ
ðɣƣǹȥȻҪȥ̨ﹺһơ

ΧĴĶУ΢΢üᡣ
ȥЩĻһһǳĵ顣
顢ءӨŮҲͬһЩͬüͷһ壬Ҳͬᡣ
Щ֮ˣһһЩǳĵˣȤ᣿
ȻҲ˶ˣҲһЩЩüͷ壬ҲͬϲЩˡ
ʱ򣬾棬˫۾ҲֱŮ
˫۾˲ǱˣҲͬ˵ļ³˹ˡ
ǽѰ⣬ֳĹֱ֮࣬ϲԽ࣬ԽӵҵֶĻᣬɾͻࡣ
ֻ˷ܵǣûȥѰֵĿ꣬ΪһȺУŮ
ûа취Ůʵ̫ˣ벻ֶС
ǿŮȺվһСֳ֮Źķȥ˶һۣ໥䰵ͷĸȥ
ҪȥһڹѣԴжСӵǼ
ǿڹһС֮ûҪȥѵ˼Ǽ˷źһЩɻ
˷ܵСԭǸҴŮȥԻᶪ۵ġ
ĳ֮Ҳ֤ʵǵĲ룬һˬ
ǲӦǲ֪ȥѵĻҪ˳ЦģǶ۵顣
ڣСӶǶˡ
źȻСԭǸĻǹ޷С϶թǮˣȷʵһź顣
ɻǣСŮȴΪλҪ
³˹˸㲻⡣
һ֮˹˵³߰ɣ֪Сﶪ۾͹ˣǵȥѰֵĿˡôˣǵջ᲻
³ȴ˹΢һ£ϾͻһϷԿˣǿ֮ȥҲ١
𣿡˹ٴΰĿ⿴ŮλãֻʮҵӣһһƣߵŮڵλá
˹۾ʱҲʱ˷ܣ֪ȷܿͻһϷɿˡ
³˹˷ܵĿţΧһЩڣҲֻͬĿš
ȻҲ֪ᷢʲôˡ
裬ԵģǸȤһ߿һֻš
٣쿴кϷɿˣǸȻ֪ǱӶ˿ɾͶˡ
ϧľǹЩҲеԶ̫ŮӳʲôģʿȥоӦ÷ǳƯ
ȷоӦ÷ǳƯôƯŮӣȴһѲһʵ̫ϧˡ
٣ǰſϷˣ˵Ů𣿡
϶ᰡŮʱѾձˣʵ̫ˡԸǺȾƣǵϾͻԣȻǻߵġϧҲˣҲȥŮڨˡĻᣬʵǿ󡣡
ϧûǮҲûǮǾֻվ￴Ϸˡ



һǧٶʮ ľ

ʮҵӣߵ顢ءӨ˵ĳǰ
ԾһһƱƱʢŰ뱭ǳɫľƣȥǾӨ͸ģΪĺÿֻǲ֪ʲôƣ
֮ǰһѾע⵽ˣҲ֪ʲô⣬ֻʱᡣ
⣬Ҳ֪³˹ˣʱվڹſϷ
ʵϣ³˹˸ʱѾˣҲͬᡣ
˺ΧһЩڣڹſϷ鼸ڵĳΧһЩڣҲͬڵſϷ˵ϣһ˿ϷʵЦݡ
ҲڣΪʲôûڵһʱ뵽ȥȴȻ
ŮֿĴǰˡ
ھֻڴӣ޷Ůģ֮ǲܹлᡣ
ֻǣǹǸӳɹϣܸߣΪŮ϶Χ˵ĳ֮϶÷ǳûӡ
ʱȥǺȾƣǵӱˣ϶ǻӵġ
˶֪ӵĿģ顢ءӨŮȻҲ֪е뷨
ӹ顢ӨŮüͷ΢壬ȴǴ۾һգһգƺΪȤ
ڳǰվ֮󣬶ŮϿȥƹϰŮñӶѾȡһӶʱͺ
Ͳ²ŮӲһƯȴҲû뵽Ǿ
һӣƯŮӣ
Ӷʱ˷ܵϳ죬˫۷ų̰Ĺ⣬һҲͻȻӿٶȣѾ˷ܵЩˡ
ӺòףŽĿŮջأȻֿԱߵһۣϵıŨŨļ֮⣬ǲмͳ
ͬʱҲɻǰСӣʹʲôŻŮԸһ
ѵСӼװŮƭˣ
Խ룬ԽԭӵġΪԭʵ벻ʲôԭ
ȻˣǾҴСӵĿĪҪŮƭˡ
һܹСӵڳ˵ŮмӶͶͱ
ԣӸı뷨ûֱӿʼŮڨǰĿ׼
иӸһӣǲмЦһȻѸٻЦݣǳʿǳòĶ˵λãƯŮ飬˷ǳĽ
˿˵ӣллҲΪһǳĽ顣
ֵ飬˵ĸ߸ǳĲˬкߵһװģСӣ浭ҲѹܹƭŮ
ߣȴɷǳò߸ֵ㿴ϿտҲͲλŮһʲô𣿡
ɵڲȶȵʱһеġ
𣿡߸ЦһֵǲǵĶ̫ˣģ˵ĺƣֻҪ100һǿ϶ܹѵġֻǣƯŮ˵ĺƣʵһǳûӵ顣
ŶȻЩȤŸ߸˵ôŵľʲôƣǮһ
һи߸ӵ»ϵһЦ΢һ˵ݵĴѿʿɣ۸ҿҲ󣬲1500һѡ
΢΢һһݵʿɾҪ1500ѻǲͣѹָѵˣһԽС1500ѾǺܶһµĹˣֻܺһͨľơ
ݵʿɣڸ߸ӿƺѾǺþˣڹֻһͨľơ
ͷȴǹװЩ𾪵˵˵һƾҪ1500
ϵ𾪱飬ø߸аˬ˵ûݵĴѿʿɣȻҪ1500ˡ˵Ӧòɣ
һ˿ҵ˵󣬲1500һѣˣˡ
װװһװȥġ߸һ֮˵ȻǮˣ㿴ĸˣ費Ҫǵıľƣ޾أһǺŮһ𡣡
æллĺˣҪʱԼ㣬ͲҪ鷳ˡ
Ŷ߸ӹòѲֻ߲ԸŮôľưɣ
һ˿ң˵ôѲֻڲҪˡĺˣûĻҪˡ
Ļң߸Ӳ׽ˣ߸ӸӵȷȷʵǸӵķĺ˷ܣŮҲӵˡ



һǧٶʮ ǮŶ
߸ȷȷһ֮иǴ󶨣ո˵ЩʵҲ̽˼
Ҫ̽һ£ǲһѲ
ڣΪ׽Ļң㳹׵ķҲ׼ټ̽ˣֱ˵˵ȻԸŮȾƣôɡ룬ӦòİɣȻҲҪȾƵĻҲԸһһ100ĺưɣӦ֪۸Ѿˡ
˵֮󣬸߸ЩϷʵĿ֪һӦģΪ˵ʵһǳûӵ顣
ҪľӦΪŮȾƵʱϵıһǳľʣŭʡȴַǳΣֻĿԼŮ鱻˴ߡ
ڸ߸˵ܹеһֶصĿУǳڴͿ
߸˵Ŀ˸߸һֱۣӴˣԷĥߴôãòˣĥߴȥˡ
׼˵ʱ۽ǵȴǿ͵͵գһ۾һգۣ˼вЩЦѾͷȻʲô˼
ȻˣҲ͸ı˼˵ȻҲ⣬㹻Ǯ㾡ǺȾƾˡҵúһǣǵƻڵġ󣬸һ100ĺưɣʵ˵ôľһ᲻򡣡
һ˵߸ӲЩʧû뵽Ȼ˵뵽˵ԭ򣬹Ϊһ100ĺƣһӣ100͸㶨ˡ
ĺѣԶԵˣڣⲻǳ
⻰ø߸ʧҲΧſϷЩʧǻΪٻŵأǮûǮӲܶǡ
ȴ˭֪һ100ĺƣֱӰ㶨ˣδҲ̫˰ɡ
㶨ˣɻһϷľʳ̶ȴۿۣҲѹִһеʧˡ
Ȼڹļ³˹˵ȤȻΪ̫壬߸Ӻ֮ĶԻֻǿǸ߸Ӻ˵˺ü仰
һʵǼԻʱ䣬߸ӲǺһһֱû˵һ𣬽еһʿɣ顢ءӨŮǰĳϡ
߸ţλŮͨոպ֮ĶԻӦѾ֪ʵһλŮӦѾһĺøС
ǣ¶һΪǳ˵Цݣַǳʿ˵λС㣬ǺãҽˣǳܹλС㡣һ£ҿǺһԸĻҽеǳҡ
һҲϽ˵һƵĻҲ˵֣ά
顢ӨŮ΢΢üû˵Ϊ˵Ȼ̫ףؾʲô˼֪ǲҪ˵ȻҲû˵ˡ
سάһЦЦʵ𣬵Ѿάߵˡ
֮˵λʲô˼ѽŮȴֻƹ׼ֻŮ𣿡
ޣС㣬ˡ˷ܵ˵Ѿо˴ϣΪλС㶼׼˾ƣֻֻֻ֪Ʊһƣ÷͹
ȴȲæ͹
˵СʲôԸ뾡˵ǡ
Ҹոպ˵ƱȽϹ𣿡
һϲŮȻҲǣ˭أ
ΪԼװƵĻˣǹ˵ʵ˵۸ںܶ˵ȷǷǳĹ󣬱λ˵ĺƣ᲻ѵˡҿ൱ıˣ1500һѡ˵۸񣬾ٰļ۸ҵҲʲôֻҪŮǿĶ㡣
ۣΪ˷ܵ˵˵ĶĿ𣿡
һʵո˵һ֮Щˡ
Ķ㣿ȻȷǸԣԶûеĶĳ̶ȡ
˵˽⣬Ĳ˵˵һ20ݵļƷʿɣһСҪ10Եۡ
10Ǯ˵Ȼ̫¶10һСƣˡ
ʵϣȻļƷʿɣûȥѣʵ̫ˡ
˱ڷϣ˷ֳݵı飬ʱȫһ֣ƵĳڵȻֻҪǵĶ㣬ֻҪС˾ͺá
˫۷ŹۣǮŶ
ƺԽԽ˷ܺͳݵı飬ֻȫĹͷѾˣ·ѾоϾҪͶͱˡ



һǧٶʮ ൽ
ȻûжͶͱŤͷάһЦ˵άҲһĶҲ𣿡
ά˲࣬ǲĳŵģʱ˿̣άԸŮԼΧЩֵĹǰʧӣƵĴһӣ˵ȻֻҪλСˣ㣬Ķǳıˡ
ۣصһǣ˵άҲǮŶǿɾҪ㶫Ŷֻǣǲ֪ﶼЩʲôѽ
άֻȫһ֣궼ЩƮƮˣ˵С㲻żе͵һݹλС㣬Ҫʲôʲôѡ
˫һգֵѽѽллάάãţҲá
ά˷ܣе⣬룬ǮǺѽŮҲܹô׵ĵ֡
кһùһݵ͵ݵصǰԼѡ
ؽӹЦλãǾͲŶ
ֶ顢ӨŮ˵Ͻ㡢ӨӨ㣬λǳԶҮ㣬ǲҪλĺѽ
æ˵ԶԣλС˵öԣλСһᡣ
顢ӨŮĵһص˼ʱҲǳϣԶ˵ðɣȻλ飬ҲһЩʲô
ˡά󣬾еʮֵ˷ܣŮҲڶˡȻһοܻỨȥٵǮܹŮ㵽֣ҲǾֵõġ
Ȼ˻ţŮǧҪЩȻһηǷѪɡ
Ŀ˿˷ܵ˺άˣЩЦ֪֮һﻹ᲻˷ܣ
ΧĹʱҲ˸пˡά˵ĺ㣬ҪĴ
ҲĽ뼵ʣŮȻʼ㶫ˣǾ˵Ѿ˵˼
Ҳ˵άˣѾŮ㵽ˣĽּʡ
΢΢ҡͷ̾ϢŮƯȴ׵ľͽ˵˼ʵ˷ǳź
ò˵ǮǺѽƷŮҲܹ׵ĸ㵽֡
ȻҲԣˡ
ҲʾԼŮŮǰȴֻĿţԼŮ鱻˸ߣжඪˣ
ڴʱҵһֿɱˡ
˶Ŀ⿴ԭΪܹϣŭʡεȶֱһ壬ʧˡ
ûϿκεı飬ֻƽƽķ·ǰ޹ء
Ȼ˵ƽҲЩԺˣ벻ͨеԭ
ʱڹ⿴ϷĹǣûԺΪǱͿϵı顣
ֻܹŮ˵˼ʼ㶫ˡ
Ƿǳ˷ܣԼ³˹Ϊ
³˷ܵ˵˹㿴Ҫ˸ˣҲǸСӴʱϵı飬һǳľʡ
˹ǾԻǳľʣֻǿϧǸ̫Զˣ̫塣ϧѽϧ
ֻǣ˷ֲ֮࣬ź椾Ūˣϧʵǿϧ

ؽ͵Уֻ־ˮϡʳȶΪ٣Ǿ࣬ʮ֣ۺϼ۸ҲģҼ۸ǳ
˵ĺֻҪ100һʿɣҪ10һԵۡ
Ҫľۣ˲ΪǳǮصҪһܹǿŶã
ش۾һգ˵ҿҪһ10ݵʿ𣿡
һȻְгһָ10ݵʿɣһҪ8000Ȼ󣬵ȫܹܣЦȻԣС㡣
ֶһֱһԵķ˵λСһ10ݵʿɡ
Ѹټ¼֮˵õ
¼֮˵ҿԶ㼸־ЩöҶûкȹҶҪһ
һԭΪصһ֮󣬱㲻ٵˡ
ΪǴҵϰߣһֻһơ
ϾľǲˣһҲ͹ˡ
ֻǴĬϵһϰߣǹ涨ҪƣȻǿԵġ
˵ͻȻһֲˣܾܾܲɣһҧ˵ȻˣС㣬㻹ҪʲôƣԵ㡣
֪ҪѪˣ椲ѾˣѪҲǲԹܣºúõŮϸɻˡ




һǧٶʮ ƺǱˣ
˵꣬Ĵ۾һЦ˵ãҾͼˡҵĶ̫˵ĻҪ˵Ŷ˵ҾͲˡάҲŶǵĶ̫ˣҲ˵ǾͲˡ
άˣȷ㣬صĶ̫˵ĻǱҪ취ֹ˵֮Ǵ취ֹĻȻͷǳûˡ
Ҫ֪˵СΧЩֵˣҲͬ˸
ԣĸеȴò˵С㾡ܵǣĶôù󣿼ĶҲ󡣡
֮άҲò˵ͬĻˣҲֻӲͷƤȥˡ
椶ǾԵ˼伫Ʒ໨һЩǮҲֵõġ
صĽ˵ۣάǹȻǮŶǾͲŶ
ֻص
Ͻ㣬㲻ϲȺʲôѱ񻹲2һԵһ𣿡
ӨӨ㣬12ݵʿɣҪҪһֻҪ2һάԵһ𣿡
ף20ݵļƷʿɣ10һһҪһˡǸое10һ𣿡

һȥȫǾƣÿһ־ƣñʼһ־ƣѾʮ־ˣƺȻûҪͣ˼
һߵƣһѯˡά˵˼ɲԵѽ᲻̫֮ġ
άʵζ˵̫ˣҪͲ˰ɣ
ŮΧֵ˵ע֮£ָо˵̫ûˣΪ֮ǰ˲Ǯӡ
ԣÿεߵĻˣȻԵ㡣󡢱ˡ֮ġ
ŶԽԽ࣬ŮƺԽԽ˷ܣΧΧ۵ˣ˵ĺҲԽԽݣԽԽ޷ܾˡ
ΪΧΧ˵ĸֳ֮ڲϵĴǵĶС
10һļƷʿѽһûм˵أλе
ǰλŮôľˣλȴüͷûգһ¡
Ҳֻܹ㶨ļƷŮ֮ǰСӴЦ
ǣǸСӸλֱͲ̫Զ̫ԶˣΡ
Ǯ̫ǮˣһûмǮˡ

ˡάΧˣǵĸֶĤݣŮǵˣźŮ귭Ƶĳ˽ЩƮ˰֮Уεʵ֮⡣
˵ԽԽ˷ܣ·ʱ˿̾ǵ۷塣
֮ĲƸ˵ĶĤݣƷŮңȷ۷塣
άˣѾƮƮȻЩʵֱǵĶС
٣˵ŮĶжǮˣ
ҸոմԵļһ£Ѿ150ҵ150λȻȻüͷһ£ʵ̫ˣһǵһμˡ
٣ŮҲǸҵ㣬150ѾһʾԵľ޿ˡ
150Ϊ˺ȼƣʵ̫ݳˡǲ֪λֱӸôǮ150ȥʲôҲȺȼǿҶеϧ

֮ˡά˲ͻȻоϲʲô࡭٣Ѿ150
һνͬСɣֻ亹ˢһ¾ðˣܹ150˷̯һҲҪ75ˡ
ҪŮȥǷҵ˲ɡ
Ҫ֪ȻҸԣҲң75ѾһƤˣȥǻˡ
ʲô˵ĶĤݣʲôŮڲ࣬ʱͨͨҪˣʲôģʱҲѾҪˡ
æһԵķһ˶ǮĶˣ
ƺԵ÷ǳļæ˵װһ182
18215032ˡάһδʧɫ
ء顢ӨŮ˴ʧɫı飬÷ǳĺЦͽһոնһ䳰ȷŮֱ
֪ʵôˣλǵĶ̫ô˵ѽ˵ĻͲѽ
ˡάڸոյľţѾ侲࣬ǿصҲһ˿
һ˿ǿˣ۾ŵĽǰ֮ǰϸһ룬Ȼ֮䣬ƺʲô
ǶǰŮˣˡ



һǧٶʮ ȫ汻
άˣ۾ŽʶԼܱˣˡ
ʲôŮǵ˼ʲôŮϾҪǵˣ
ٵģٵģһжǼٵģ˵ϲһЩ
ʵ˶Ǵ֮ˣȻҲʮҵͣӵҡ
ֻû뵽ƽʱǣովȻ׵ľʧˣΧˣһ˶Ǯֻۣ»ûôѹ
Ѿ˹ȻΪ鷳
ǣǲĶ̫ˣ
άˣͲûش˵ȷˣ۸ѾԳˡ
ôڿΧΧ˵ǵӾͶˡ
ΧģûˣΪǸոڼװҪӣûǮƫҪװһǳǮӡ
һǳ˵飬޷ܵġ
˵Щ̫ˣȻ˵
ôŮӣֻ»ȥ
㲻ټ㣬÷ǸոĶùһҲҪе100ķãѾ޷ܵˡ
˵100ܹõŮҧҧҲˡ
Ͼ100˼伫ƷŮʵţҲܵ
Ҫ֪ļƷŮǾǿƽʱǻٶǮҲòļƷŮ
ؼ֪Ůˣǣǻ100Ҳ϶ǵòŮġ
Ҳ˵ǿȥ˵Ļ൱Ϊӣ100пֹܲ100
˭֪Ů᲻㶫ҪĻֻ㵽Ǯȥ
˵͸ӵ޷ˡ
ôĿ֮£ɴһֽѵǳĶ̫ˣǲĶ̫ˣĺ˾޷ܵġ
Ӧô죿
Ȼ취ҲûУ˾ĥţ椲ʶ̧٣ǺȾƲúõĺȣϷˣǣĿ֮£ҲǣҲǣǾͲҪǲȡһЩҶԸֶˡ
գ˾ЦһȡһЩֶΣƷ椣ֻ»֪ڵĵط˶سǵ
ŮӣʲôʱȻôˣ
ңӵĻǲܹõ椣ǰʧӣʵ൱ȫ
άˣȻܹģӵңǱĴ֮⣬ȻҲΪں͸򽻵оͰνĵ
άˣɫĸֻһЩѶϢ
ȻЦһ˵λС㣬ǺĺǺȾƣԼ㣬ƺ鰡
˵֮ⷬԭգ˲һЩı䡣
Щı䣬ΧΧ۵ˣҲܹоó
Ȼǲ֪ΪʲôͻȻ˵ܹоƺҪˣҪԽԽʺȤˡ
Ȼĸоӵ˷ܣǱΪ˿֣ȻԽȤԽԽá
ڹΧ۵ļ³˹ˣоƺһЩı䡣
ͬøӵ˷ܡ

һֱĬĬԹۣһֱûг
ڣоά뷨ĸı䣬΢΢üȴûг˵ʲô
ء顢ӨŮȻ֪ά˴ʱе뷨Ҳ֪ˡάѾǵ˼
عɻ˵⻰ʲô˼ǿɲףǺȾƣǵȻѽô˵ǲأǲǾǵĶ̫ˣǸոյ㶫ʱǵѽ˵Ե㡯֮ǲŵѽ˵ھǵĶ̫ˣǿ԰Ѷѽ
Χ֮ǰûпеĽ˵˵ͷ˵ĵȷʵǸոÿһ־Ƶʱ򣬵ȷ˿ɲԵģҲȷ֮ͬ󣬲ȷġ
ôͻȻ˵˼ŮأѵΪˣҪڲŹ˵ģ
ѵ˲Ĵ
ˡάΧ˵˽ַ֮Ů֮ǰһֱڸӣǾȻһֱûв
ȫڱ״̬
˵оһ˿⣬ݺݵȰŪ֮󣬷Ǻúõһɡ



һǧٶʮ ꣬
ǳά˾룬Ҫ취ĿǰֱС
򣬾ֻ»ԽԽ
룬Χ˴˵λѣϸĻһ¸ղŵǸСûǮλŮȾƣǹĺλŮȾƣλŮԼ㡣ǣһ룬Ƶ𣿲᲻182ǹǵġ
Χһ˵õȷЩŮһֱӵ182ľƣȷ̫
ֻǣάŮȾƣܹŮ֮ǰΣŮӦøмŶԣû˰
ƺԽԽȤˣΧԽԽ˷ܣΪɡ
һ֧άˣ˵Ů㶫ȷ̫п˵ɡ
һ֧Ů˵ŮûҪҲûеҪˡ
ά˼֧ǣһû֮ǰˡ
Ůߵʲô뷨ԼȰǻĪҪˣʲô˼ĺãҿĵһȾƣʲôá
ո˵ô࣬ǲǾǲ뻨һǮǲѾѽǸԲǸոյĶȫҪˣλûôǮѲġ
һЩŭ182ʲô˲ģôѲֻǲ뱻ǿӰˡֻҪǺЩ֮ߣǮ÷Ͼƣô
ѽƲŶǺȾ֮ǰû˵˾֮Ҫѽ
˸ŭΧ˵ڶ֪˰ɣǸûҪߣȴǵôĶⲻǹʲô
⻰Χٴε˵ͷȷˣһ˵ֵطȾƣʲô˼Ҷ
ûǸ˼ֱӾܾˡ㶼ƺˣһۣȴ˵˼ߣȷʵЩ˵ȥˡ
һΧ˾֧άˡ
Ȼ˵ʵɣҲǲߣǼͬǸߡ
ǼֻˡάɻΧҲɻ
üǼ˭
һЦͱͱ飬⣬ߵߣֱۣ˵Ǽѽ
һĻֳȫ⣬÷ǳĲ˼飬Ǹ˵ĺƣ᲻ѵˣȻƷŮ
δЩ̫˰ɡ
ҲΪ̫ڷ񣬴ҲԸš
ά˸ǼַŭΪ椸ͲߣŹ˵ǸСǵ
ҵĽڣֽǷһΧ˵ǣҿɣǾԸ˵СǵҲԸߡ
ŭǸСǶأȰǲҪˣʲôУԹԵĸߡȻƾǽˣһһΣ¶޷ˡ
ߵһСӣһСӣԼǮ100᲻ûѣΪԼǮ
˸ŭС˵ɣ100᲻ûѣһӶǮòã
ǣŭ˵˵ûǮЦһûǮⶼûǮĻǸСʲôǸСӣ㣬ڵж٣ʵʵ˵Ҫ˵һ֣ǺױҴġ仰Ȼ˵ġ
һʣΧȫĿҪλش
˵Ŀ⣬ϣһЦֵ˵Ҳ֪
ЦСӣҿ㲻ǲ֪㲻˼˵ɣ
ɵĲ֪ƭǡ
˾÷ǳĲˬŭһôԼжҶ֪Сǲ˼˵
ȻǵΪ̫ˣûмҲü㣬Ϊʱǡ
ŭЦ˵СӶأ
ڰ֣˵ɶ˼ɣһۼ10ҵܳΪ㣬Ҫ׬һܳǮҪ೤ʱ䣿
΢һ㶣Ȼû뵽ͻȻʣҲʵĿʲô
ʣȴǺԵĸһװƵĻᡣ
ǣ˵Ĵ˵˵һֵ10ܳǮֻҪһµʱ䡣
ֻǣ˵֮ȴǲûеĸ־ȡݡĽ
֮ŷӦ군ǹѵˣٶһЩҵˡ
һ10Щͨ˵ǾֵþȺͳݣȻξȡ
ûװɣΪջ𣬺ǰСӣŮǰװƣ˵ôСӣǲǾ÷ǳľȣǳļʣ
ȻȴҡҡͷЦһµʱ䣬̫ˡ
𣿡˵ˣֻЦ˵ôСӣҪôǮҪ೤ʱ䣿ʮꣿʮ
ҡͷҪôã
˼Ц˵Ҫãꣿꣿ
ҡҡͷֻһû˵Լָ֣չʾ֡塱
˿֮ЦꣿСӴţأƾ㣬һ
꣬ӣ



һǧʮ Ǿǻ
꣬ӣ
άˣԼΧˣװĻ֮ȫûзӦ
10ǴţƣҲûִҲ̫˰ɡ
˺Ƭ֮˲ŷӦ֮һôЦûĻСĪʧ˷裿
ȻΪλ˵Ц󷽵Ļ
˵ĺЦҲģ³˹ڵĹǣ˹
֮ǰڹۿ˫ĶԻò̫Ǿúܲ񫣬˵ĺЦ֮󣬱Ҳ̲סܽ˹
ûй涨ǲֻܹΪҶ֪Ǳǲ˼
ǿҵĺĵʹ֮£Ҳ͹˲ôˣǽզģ
߽֮ڿŮգڼ֮࣬Ҳ֮ǰӣΪλԣ
κ˼ˣ԰ɡ
ִ˺ЦԭҲ̲סЦ룬ֵܣҪַͨʽԼӣţƴˣ˰˵Ҫһʱ£ӴȻɣϾҲֻǻɰˡֻҪӣ˭ţ
Ц֮˵Сӣ㴵ţƶ𣿻ӣô˵ӣ
Ҳǲܡ
һ룬СӸòʧķɣԽԽˡ
ЦУСôȻܹ10ôӦ÷ǳǮŶԡɣͼ򵥵֤һ£ÿˣһ1ľƣȻǾĺǮôӦò100ˣĻѲᳬ10010˵Ӧò100ɡ
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Ϊʲôһϣ˵㲻֤ĻôˣΪڴţƣҲû˻һǮˡ
Ҳû˵ҪǮˣǲԸţͲ£ʲôϵ
һϣ˵ǲĻǵֻһֻᴵţƵСӣǻǳûӣܵˣ
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⻰һȫһ㶣ɶ˼ˣСӾһ㶼⣬ǶĿ
Ҳסˣһʱ֮䲻֪νӻˡ
ʱ򣬾ò˵άȴһЦ˵ˣǿɲҪˣֻǹһ̬ԻǡΪͲܹ֤ǮոţƣһͱҴģҴ֮ɨءǣڹڳһǲԸž˵̬һҷеɻ󣬻ΪȽأҲͲ⣬ǮǼǮˡ
άһ˵˺ΧȫȻά˵ûдǸոյȷɻ󣬵ȷ룬СΪʲôôԼӣ
ԭСڹʲתƴҵע㻹˵һǲһϵˡ
Ц˵Сôԭڴ⣬һͱƭȥˡСӵǷǳĴֲƭŮһءˣСҪװأȷûйϵҲüㆪ¡ǣ椸ոʵϷˣһ㺦ôǰ澡ʧǿԲܣ椵飬ûô׽
Ŷһۣô˼¶Ҫô
˵˵Ҳ򵥣椺ȾƣʲôĿģҶֻ֪ҪԸߣ¶ˡҲ˺ȻԸǺȾơȻĺȾơô
ʲôĿģǵȷ֪Ǿǲߣ
ŶЦô˵¶治ܺˣ𣿡
ҡͷȻԺֻҪ뿪Ȼʲô¶ûС֮ǰǹˣǣΪ˲˼ڣҲˡ
壿С˵Ǳˣǻˣ
Цûǲ˵úܶԣǾǻá
СӡάͬʱȵܺãСӺܺãܴ󵨣ǳĴ󵨣



һǧʮһ ĸ
һ仰ֱάҧгݣֳպѾЩˡ
һЦΪ⣬ȻΧΧ۵ˣȴһøӵ˷ܡ
źðǿ֣ȻϣԽԽá
ȺҪԣ³˹˷ܣСǮǼǮ׵ˣάǮˣǺʵˡ
ֻϣάˣܹúõĽѵһ٣ʶ˶سǣǻ
һҪǴ֣СӾѾȥ˶سǵִǸ淢ˡ
˷ǳԼӪģŵգٴСӣϲ㣬ѾɹˡڣԸߣ¶Ҳ޷ˣСӵţҿСӣ᲻ĵ
ʱСԺ𣬡ˣĸ׳˶ӣѾ˸ԺţĴŶܿҪˣӦþһոպİ֡
ԺС֮󣬿ά˵֮ǰֻϵһҰְɡڣѾˡ
ˡάһ˵һ㶣һЦ˵С˵ûдǸղŵȷǽ˰֡ĺĵ֪ǽ˰֣ȴ˵УСװʲôأǶ֪ڵĶˣƾʲô˵Ѿˣ
˸ոհѻ˵꣬㶵ֻͻȻˣóֻһɫʱһ䣬̧ۿ˿Ĳ벻š
ЦôˣǲǸ绰ˣ㵹ǽӰ
˺ߵǱСɶˣܺãȻȲҪҲܹʧ
˵꣬æͨ˵绰Ҫߵ绰ˣһΪֹһ
ڴ绰ΧΧ۵ˣһ̲ס˽֮
ޣҵ죬СӾȻ˵׼ˣ˵˵ˣ˻͵ˣ֪ģ
ӦֻɺϰɣȻȷʵЩ˼飬Ҳֻɺϲܽ͵ͨˡ
ȷɺϣС֪Է˰ԷȴȻ˵ص㡣
ûС̫ڵˣҲͬһƽͷ·޹һ㡣
˵ոһֱƽҲͰˣ֪Է鷳˶ѾˣȴȻһƽⲻԲСӵʲộ
ʲô̲֪Сӻʲôͨˣ٣ԽԽ˼ˡ
ȷԽԽ˼ˣˡ

Χ˽С˵һ˶ˣ᲻鷳
΢΢һЦһĸˣõģ鷳ûС
ĵĵ˵ͷ֪˵û鷳Ǿһ鷳ˣֱغӨ߶˼䡣
ѾͷȻԵȻЩΪǣϾ磬Ķ֮󣬲ų׵ķ
˹˵绰֮󣬺άһۣԵΪ˷ܣǶĸַǳģǿɶڵϻĸ񶷸֡
ң׵ҲйϵֻҪŪʲô£Ƕ¶
һܹǸɶСӣݺݵĽѵһ٣еĶҲѲǵġ
ֻ˾еϧǣҪĸ˹ˡ
Ϊĸ֮ԸǣҪһʲ͵ķ֮⣬ҪΪǸĸˣԵ˼伫Ʒ椡
ȻĸǲԹģһЩСܹ
ڵȴĹУ˿ߣãСһȻģͲˬӿһ᲻һı飿
ʱΧ۵Ⱥ⵽ڣÿһͨĸĿ׳˳Ⱥÿͨ롣
˾һߴǳǿ׳ﶼܹоһһļ⡣
ĸһ·߽ͷ·ɢһ֮ΧΧ۵ˣȫʶԶǣͨԽԽ
ˡά˴ϲæӭǰȥһƺϴ˵ˣˣǸСӡ
ȻԼΪ׵ĸУȴû˴𻰣ΪǴʱֱ顢ءӨŮ۾ȫųһ̰Ŀ⡣
Ů̫ҫۣĸһ㿴ˡ
üͷһ壬ߵŮǰ棬Ůԣ͸ĿŶĸС
Ƭ֮ĸвżѵģĿŮջأʼգǶûۿһۣ·Ͳһ㡣
ϴ󼪿˷ܵĶ˵ǳãˣȻûƭǣȻ˼伫Ʒ椡
ЦȻˣ˼伫Ʒ椣ҲǹˡҪ椣ҪǸСӸ㶨Ҫˡ֪Һάǲֵġ



һǧʮ ȥ
ĸĿļֳԽԽȤˡ
Χ۵ˣ˿ĸ׳˶ֿ˿С˫ԵĲ˼ȼ
˵˵ĸˣֻһˣҲܹ׵ĽȻΧ۵ˣȴûϣһ˿ĵǡ
ôҺЩɻ󣬲֪Сʲô˲̣ӵȷЩԺǰľơ
˿ϾɫžƾСӵǸСԼһֻ־ʰˡ
Գ֣ԱŮǰչʾһԼǿ׳塣
ȻܹԼƣöԷģɲġ
ǣߵǰҪ߳٣ӸµĿСӣŮϣҿԸһᣬģȻǿԲ֡ȻС첲ϸȵģһСľ͸ˡ
˶ԼƣԼⷬǳţĵ¹ģȻǱĹ
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⻰ΧΧ۵һƬȻֱĸлҪСĪ⣿ʲô˵
˺жʱŭŭܺãСӹȻ˵һȻˣΪĿ۰ɡ
˵꣬Լȭյ̫ѨȥҪһȭֱӽݿˣ׵ķŭˣҪΪո˵Ļۡ
һȭȥʮǿҪ̫Ѩߵݿˣֻ¾Ҫֱӽˡ
ΧȫﵹһһСˡ
ˡάһһã
ǵȷϣܹúõĽѵһǶϸ첲Ҳûйϵǧֱӽ
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ôԷֵжôĿֲ˵ֳͫһ˿־壬֪쿴ˣ׵׵Ŀˡ
Ҳû뵽ԷȻ˿ֲ
ҲˣԷΪʲôʼգһΪģԭԷӵ˿ֲ֡
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һʵϲת˲֮£һз̫̫ͻȻΧ۵ֱת뿪ЩûзӦ
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ڣ˲ԼˣҲǾ˵ʮֵ⣬ĻƻǳأǱѡ
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һ˵˵֣ɢȥܿָֻ֮ǰģ
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ȻҲԼʱô͸СһȥˣԴżˡ
ȻһжѾˣʵ֤˲ǵҪۣˡάǣǼҲǡ
ڵϣǰȺ̨ϴĸ̾ʧǡ

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ά˻صԭλϣԴʮֵľɥ
ѾȷټǼƽϣǵҲû뿪Ҳû뿪
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ʵΪʲôҪ֮ǰЩƣǼҲȲôѽ
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Ů˵Ҫͣɻѵǵ˲ɣ
ʵҪ˭
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ЦЦҲЩɻ֮ǰ粨ĹУĸоȺӣͻȻ˷ܺͼ
˷ܺͼԵĲΪʱ¼粨·ϳ֮˷ܺͼ
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ÿһƱı϶бǩжԱ֮Ƶϸܡ
˰˾ƱŵΪ׳ۣ뵽ô20ƣҪ182Ļƾûж˻׳ˡ
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ŮæŤͷĴȻȴûз˭񡰿ˡģɻ䣬ȴͻȻʮҵӣǵķȥƺЩǡˡ
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˵꣬һλҲ˵Լ֣Үᡣ
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Үˣܹ֮³ݣǵ֪ھ˶س֮⣬ΪǶĺܶ鶼ǳ˽⣬Ҳ˵һЩ˵
磬ŷǳص֣пһλ񶷸֣ٱŮ˼ɫȵȡ
ڸոյķ粨Уչ¶ɣվɫŮټ֪˶سǣܹ³ҲͲˡ
˽ٸΪ֣úõһȴǡÿ֮ǰһ粨
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˹İ˵һϢԴЩȤð˵һ˵
Ц˵֪Ĵ磬ֱǽµɣ³磬ҵĿ˹磬Լҳ磬˳ǳ硣
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ͷ˵Ĵ羭ںҲ120ţϾٰһ̽С˵ڡʱжλҹ̽С˵ңԼ̽С˵Ե֪Դ˿Ȥ
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ЦȻˣ̽С˵ܻӭС˵֮һŷǳӴ̽С˵ߡʵϣ̽С˵ȫ˵ЩǳӴгضŴĶߡĴٰһ̽С˵ڣҲҹ̽С˵ϵӰԭ򡣡
˵⵹û̽С˵ȷȫΧڣŷǳӴгֻǣΪȷţһǾٰ̽С˵ڸȤ
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ֻǣȥֳһ⣬ǱЩ̽С˵ǣԼ̽С˵ǣĵ̫ӭ
һ㰮֪ԭҲ⣬Ϊ˱⵽ʱֻȵ
ȻпܻŪɳ׾ûĹϵпǿ˹
Ͼǿ˹ġ
ֻǣ˰죬ԥ˰죬ʼֹ֪Ӧοڣ
ģѾµ룬ЦһֹģǲҪ˵̽С˵ǣԼֵ̽С˵ǣҿܲǳѺã
˵ɫһɣȻֺЩε˵⵹Цˣʵ˵ڡ㿴⡭
˵ͷܹǰ˵ӡֺ˼֡
˵̽С˵һȥġЩ̽С˵ңֻ̽С˵ǣܴڵĲѺãԭܹ⣬Ҳ밮޹أΪ˵ǡ
ϲʾм
ڰ֣˵ҰȾƺȾƣһߺȾһգ
Ұһл֮󰮻Ц˵֣ǾԵĴʦЩЩķۣЦˡ
Цˣ̨ݳһ׸裬ҿͺܲǳ֮֡
ͷӦǳ֣֮ڷ̨һ֪һԭݳЩ⣬вٵƷ
Ŷ顢ءӨоǵһȻˡ
֮ǰڲ²ݳЩ⣬һ˵Ȼȷˡ
˵ʰεⷨ
һԭݳҪΪ˵ɹЭǱ߳аģڹּǣܹഴ֡ˣ˲ٵңԼǸֵ
ԭˡ鼸˰ͷֲô⿪ʼļ׸ء



һǧʮ 
֪ԭݳЩ֮ЦȻвٵҳ֣ǻֲٵĺø裬Ϊڴ
øӦò٣˵ǾЩ뷨ˡ
ڰ֣Ҫ˵ȴͻȻһ⻰δ̫˰ɣ˵еƷλķۣݳһף
ࡢ鼸˶΢΢һ㶣ŤͷѰķȥֻһСȺˣվǵĲԶո˵֮˾һСȺС
һСȺ˹ˣʮ꣬ʮĶУӦøո߽Ѱҿŵλá
Ǿʱǡһ仰һ̲סģ˵˸ոյһ仰
ڴͻһСȺˣһСȺҲͬڴˡ
ǿ顢ءӨŮʱв侪֮ɫ
һСȺ˵ĿˣһĿľƱϣ֮ɫ
Ȼ֪ЩƵľ۸񣬵ܹжϳܼ۸пҪ150
˵˳150ľƣҲ̫ݳ̫˰ɡ
ţӦΪɫŮɡ
һСȺѾࡢҮˣΪ׷ŮϧѾʵııǩ
ЩĽǿ𣬼ӹ׵ıѡ
ңոǸӵһ仰пλͬڹһλŶ׵ˡ
˵ʲôĸֻ¶Ǹ׵˵ķۣҲ̫˰ɡ
ཫ˴һ֮ЩˬĵЩһ˭ΪڷòײźһЩϵǾͻȻôһ䡣ؼ治ڷУĻЩһ֪˭𣿻ŵּң֮ĻֵһˡЩ벻ķۣòã
󣬰Щջ˵λ˭ӹ˵ĻԵúܲòǲ֪𣿡
һСȺ˴֮뿪ȥҿλá
ǵ˲һȺӹ׵ı椶ѣǲЩӹ֮˴򽻵
ȴ˭֪ôһ䣬оʮֵĲĻȷòһˣ˵ȥһˣ˵ˣҪ˵ĵҲˣ㣬ƫƫҪ˵֣һȺӹ֮ˣﶮʲôˣ
֮ǰ˵ǸӿŰ࣬ͬջ˵λҸղŽӹĻȷԣǸǣ˵֣벻λķۣ㲻˵̫𣿡
˵ӵúЩ͵⣬˵ˣҽ׶һλˣ̨ݳ׸ҵƷ
ˣݳ׸ߣôɣǸԳƽ׶ˣǸ˵Լһλˣݳ׸֮еĲˬʧһ롣
Ҳ˶ԷΪʲôԼոǾ仰ˣԼոǻ͵˵Ʒķô
ҲѹֶԷΪˬģӹԼĻأ굹ˡ
ң׶֣໹ֽСˣҲǿܹ֮Ϊˡ
ǣ˵ԭ׶׶׸ǷǳģӦǽ쵽ĿǰΪֹõһ׸ˡ
׶˵вһӣһոջ˵еƷǸһķۣ֪Լ֮˵׸ǳǼʲô˵ʲôҲѹֲ꣬ȴΪһ
бӣ׶ҲΣԴһЩ˵𣿿ոջ˵׸λķۣôôͱˣ
׶еĳ֮⣬಻־Ϊˬ˵׶ˣҵ˼ûб䣬ҵȷΪ׶Ʒǳ׸δ룬λķۣҲʵ
һ˵׶һȺ˾һ㶣׶ü⻰ʲô˼ѵ˵λҲһλˣܸߣߵҵƷ
ֵҿɲ֪ӦҲô
׶󣬲Цô˵λһλܸߵˣ
Ȼˡ
𣿡׶ȴһЦһΪ˷ǸһȻԷһ˸ñΪ˵Ǿͻ棡



һǧʮ Ի
׶Ц԰ĻǾԲš
˵һְߣд׼򵥵ӣ׶Ըš
˵ǳƷǾԲܵġ
ȥʮͣϵܹȥ
ңҲŲԣǼһӦԻɣܹд׼򵥵ĻӣҲδܹдһףļӡ
׶϶ڷʼնûгϣƺЩĬϵ˼׶еֵջ
ǣ׶Դһ˿˵λģԶźܸߵ裿
⽫ᡱ롰ʵķҧñȽء
ոһֱû˵ڴǰһȺˣǸԳΪ׶ӣʮ塢ͣһȺ棬Զˡ
׶Ŀǰ̨ϣݳĸһ£Ҳ÷ǳɺϡ
⣬룬Ȼ׶һλּңôͬеˣпҲּҡ
ңҲӦöƷڽƳ
Ȼûʲôϵ
׶еĳ֮⣬ǲΪ⣬ܹ׶Ĳˬ
ȻҲ˶ѣ׶ûʲôøУԵ˵ȷԣȴԶԶ̸жոǰ̧̫ˣ׶⡣
׶ϵĳ֮ŨЩ˵е֪֮ûпԼжĺڡȻø˱ҵҴ²̨ǿɾʲôӶûˡȻԣһƷô
󣬵һЦ˵ͦõģܺ
׶ҡҡͷЦ˵ۣڻַ棬㲻ʲôԡ
üͷһ壬˵ʲôȴڰֹˣֻ˵ûԣ׶ûʲôϵˡ
׶ЩˬΪⲻӦе̬ȣ˵ʲôȴԱߵһֹˡ
ֻԱ˵׶һ˵ôʲôֻ֪һ׸߲˵óʲô߰ɣǻȥҿλأ˿治١
׶ͷ˵Ҳǣ˷ʱ䡣
˵꣬׶༸ת뿪Ѱҿλȥˡ
׶ߺ󣬰ЩǸ˵ʵǷǳıǸոյ鶼֮ǰһġЩһһģΪԼǸֵľ˲ˣ²󣬼ӵǲС
Ц밮ûʲôϵֵЩӵҲ
֪̾ΪʲôȡĳɾˣغȣԶܹȵģոЩһ͸ԶԶܱˡ
ֵˣҽֻǱȽǶˡ
һЦ˵⻰˵뼫
ʱֹҪ˵ովӦдһ׸裬úõĽѵһǸһ֪ˣĵ
ЦѾͷֻ¶ʲôݣ׵ĳ֣
һЦ˵⻰ûոǸһԵĲֵý֡
顢ӨŮȴǰһۣһӣԵҲЩ

׶һҵ˿λ£ҲЩˣλøպܹˡ
֮׶ڵķһۣȻЩ˵һһʹУһİõܣʲô˶С
ֻһԭ˶࣬ҪҵǻЩࡣ
׶Ťͷһֻһʮӣ߹
ޣ˹ˣɣλöˡ׶Եһ˵
ллܶʵǷǳİո߹Ľ˹ӣһߵлһһſŵת
֮˵׶Ҹո˵Ļˣ˵һ˭
׶ָ˵ķ˵ǱһˣұߴӴµǸһƴǸĶСӣ治֪ôģ
˹˳׶ָķȥ׶еǸӴµļһЩġסһ˵ǲǰԭҲˡ
˹һ˵׶˾Щȣ׶˵˹ʶǸһ
˹˵Ȼǿ˹糤࣬׶ոշʲô飿
˹磬Ĵ֮һ׶Ȼ֪ģ˹˵ǸһȻǿ˹糤׶˺Щ⡣
˹ոյ飬׶Ϊϸİ˵һ顣
˹󣬳˵˽Ⱞ࣬Բһ֮ˣȻ˵ǸԶˣźܸߵ衣
׶ĲΪ˵˹ôһļһжߵ裿ְ߰ˡǶˣ֪Ҫִȡͻƣжôļѡû㹻ʱۻôжߵ裿
˹˵Ȼ˵Щţó֮
׶˵˹ҿɶǱŵǸһôʱж裿
˹ҡͷ׶ǻҲȷţ֮ϻţλԶ
׶ȵޣ˹Ǹһ֮Ϊ֪˭
˹ֻһֲ²⣬Ҳ֪ˡ
˹һ˵׶˾ɻͬʱʵ˭
˹˵
׶һΪˣȻ֪Ǹ֮Ϊš
˹ⲻܰɣǰôңصĴжϣĻҲӦòô˷ѵģôľƲŶԡһʵ
˹ȻнǰӦ֪ֻһλˣݣϵƷߡֻǰ࣬κһҳ磬ӦöҪǵϣΪʲôôľƣʲôǲ֪ԭ򡣡
⡭˹һ˵׶˲ǸĻţȷֻ˵ݡ
ѵһ˵
˹ڵȻǰٷ֮ٵȷ׼ȥȷһ밮Ҳˣҵùȥк
˵꣬˹վֱӳڵķȥ
׶һֱעſ˹ǿ˹߽֮ǺͰкһ̸֮һſ
˹Լ˶ǡܹ˹ϵı顣
ǿԺԵĿ˹ϵı飬ԽԽ˷ܡ
ʮ֮󣬿˹վƺҪ׼Ҫˡ
Ȼ˹˻ǳ˵׶˵ޣǣȻʵ̫ˣ



һǧʮ ǳĸȤ
˹ص׶һߣǸĶӣȷʵǻϢ
Ȼǻʲôʱ˶سˣϸǳδ̫ˡ
ޣǻǸոջ˵ǽϣ޴һ顣
˶֮ǰ飬еںǾȻ˵ֵһ˲֣ȷһǳ޴顣
Ȼ׶Ϊü˵ôʸ˵еĸˣδЩ̫˰ɡ
˹˵׶ƺû˵֮ǰشԣҸոյԽӴǷǳǫ͵ġ
׶Ȼ׿˵ֻ֮˵֮ǰǰ˵ʱû˿Ĳ˼Ҫڷϵ˼Ĭ˰˵
˹ü׶ƺЩᡣ
׶ҶûᣬֻʵǵķˡңȻˮƽʾɣڻƳЩ˭֪ǲĳ֣Ҫ֪ЩУвٵĸһʮˣܹġ
׶㻳ڻЩƷִģʵ
׶˵ѵֵûŶ󣿿ң˽һ漰򲢲ֻ򣬻򣬶ҳɼƺһˣͬʱ漰򣬶ȡ÷ǳĳɼѵֵû𣿡
׶һ˵ϸһ룬Ҳ˵ͷƺȷֵûɡ
Ͼһĳһźͬʱڶţƺ͵ȷӦòˡ
Ψп˹ûеͷ˵ĳɾ͵ȷ˸еǳĲ˼飬˷ǳ𾪣Ҿ٣ֻ˵ų̶ȣԶԶǡ
׶ˣҲû塣ҾţϵжˣܹԼԼ֤
˹ü׶ΪҪ֤ſš
׶ֳһĸҪжߣܹҽ׸һˮ׼͹ˡܹôұ
˹׶Ծǿˣһ׶Ҫĸ˵ܴģֳңóǻִ֣ġ
ֻǿ˹Ϊ༸ˣҲ׶Ҫ󣬴ǹˡ
׶ȴ˵Ȼ֮ΪţôҪ˵ӦòѰɣңһ㶼Ҳûʸ񣬱֮Ϊţ𣿡
׶⻰ҲЩ༸ֻ˵ͷ
˹ҡͷˣ˵û塣Ӧò⣬ǲȻҲͲֳ֤ˡǣǼȾƣҵ뿪һˡ
˹Ҫȥһʵ
˹˵ȥϢ룬ǳȤġ
˹˵꣬㾶ֱȥˡ
һӾ˵ѵǹЭϯ˹ޣȻֳ
ԭݳɹЭаģֳҲǲܡһ˵
ʱ򣬰׶ڵļˣȫ˷
˹ǹЭϯּҡ
ֳĻⳡԭݳֽٴαòһ

̨棬¥һһλʮҵߣרĵ̨ϣݳĸ
λȻѾᣬ棬ĿǳãЭϯ˹
̨һգͷһģ˵ոһװƷҲΪϵĺø費٣
ּƺǳĲҲЦ˵ҹˣֵĴϣǳĵãҹ˵һǳõϢ
ΪҹĴͳ֣ҪһһĴȥ
ʱͷֹȥŴ򿪡
һʮҵӣǿ˹
˹Ĺϵƺ΢΢Ц˹㲻ȥЩͬôֹˣΪĸҪǳˣ
˹һЦ˵˵ҹΪһˣһǳĸȤ
Ŷֳһ˿Ȥɫ˵˹֪ܹҸȤ˲࣬˵ǸˣʵȤܻЩΡ
˹ȻЦһڵġΪǸһȤǷǳĸȤ
ŶȤŨ˵˭
˹ӣֱ˵Ի
һæ˵˹˵λּңھ
˹ͷȷЩ˼飬ʵôǷǳĸȤ
ˬһЦ˵ȻλصˣҿѾã߰ɣ˹ѾЩȲģҪλصˡ
˹ЦȻʹϹȥ


顢ءӨаࡢҰἸһƷƣһ֣ò⡣
׶һ˵ӡ󲻺ãںĿ˹ӡȴǲ
ڣ˹ȥ߻ˣһʮҵߣһ˵ͣ˹ࡣ
˹Ц࣬һǣʵǸеǳıǸ
Ц˹ˣ˹ȥӦΪԱߵһλɡ
˹ԵˣȻˡ
߽֮󣬱һֱڴȻ׼ᣬʵһ
ң͸ȣĵҲѹֹˣֲ˼Ĵԣ˹Ȼͨˡ
Ļ֮ˬһЦҲȿ˹ܣ˵˵òûдȷҪģҽ˹ҸеǳıǸ
΢΢һ֪Эϯ
ԭݳЭаģֳ֡
΢΢ЩȵǣȻԷݵλͣҵ
ЦԭԹеǳĲ۴һ濴ҲӦȥݷŶԡ
˵ӡ˼֣ˬһЦ˵ԶǿͣұӦþ֮Ŷԡ
ֱ֮£ֽ顢ءӨŮһ£Լֽһ¡



һǧʮ ǸǼ٣
Э᳤ڿ˹ͬ£˵֮˫̸
Զ׶ˣĽʺ޵ģ˵ķ
֪˹ȥϢû뵽ԹһôС
׶˵ǼһôģҪһʺţȻȥǼһļӣδҲ̫˰ɣ
Աһ˵׶ȷֵûɣȥֻ˵ǳӣƺ˵ļӴ󰡡ϾǶ֪Ҫȥġ
׶ֵӦǸһȥݷŶԣ𣿡
Ա֮üͲֳ֪ôȥݷã׶ǿԻʵҲԶȥʾĽǺޣҲܲǡ
׶ؼǼһʵȥҲ޿ɺǡǼһͨһЩֶεǱƭ˵νԲҲƭˡ
Ա֮˵׶⻰ʲô˼
׶Цһ˵취֪ǼһʵԶԶС

ʱڹע˶̬ˣԶԶֹ׶ˡ
ʵϣǼ֮ǰһ粨ˣһֱڰעˡ
ά˸ˣǸԱ˽100Ȼ⣬ֻĿֲ֣ұֳˡ
Ա߼ˣʱʱ̶̿Ŷ䣬ǰ֮֮ĶԻȻȫҲܹ߰˰ˡ
߰˰ְ֮еһЩҪϢΧȻͰݡ
ݣˡ
˲䵹һҲһʱ֮ЩԺ
˭Ϊǻһŵı飿
٣ƣû֣֪ڻһԵũׯĵط
Եũׯ⵱Ȼ֪˵ʳģ˼ζҲ֪Ǽ٣
ǵȻˣԺл᳢֪֮ˡô㣬֪ϵƷ
Ȼ֪ˣҼҵСһϲˣѾȥⱾˣʵ˵ۼۿ治ˡ
㶼֪ͺðˣڸ㣬ԵũׯˣԼϵƷߣһˡڿͬһ˵ǲǷǳĲ˼飿
˵ޣȻôһˣ󣡡
ʵϣֹЩǻֵһˡ⣬ĴԣԵũׯصĻׯޣҲһλ񶷸ֵȵȡĸ֣ǸոѾȷǳĿֲɴ˿ɼԣʵĿҲǳ󡣡
ֱǲ˼飬Ȼ˶ݣÿһݣ𾪡ȵȣô֮ǰ˵ģ10ֻҪӵ飬Ȼģ
ȻǻȻˣ̫˼ˡУ֪ں̸λ˭𣿡
źЩ죬Ӧʲôط
Ӧڵӻ־ϰɣǹЭϯҲҹּҡ
ԶԶԣһ˵ұˣȥӦΪֵһ˵ݰɡ
ǿ϶ˣʵһǳҹ

СţѾ
άˣĿɿڴΧۣǸ˾Ȼǻ
֪֮ĺ⣬ҲʧˣΨʣһ̾Ϣ

Χ˵ۣ˸ֻ⣬ںĽ̸
ĵúͶĵݷҲ漰ܹ㣬Ҫģǹַݡ
ڻƳĸΪϤϲе׸裬ұ͡׷ˡûĳ׸衣
磬ǳǿǧʷ̣ҲǳУܶ˶ԻỪĶԺ
ܹû׸Ȼڻ¡
ƷʵôϤˣڿռ̳Ʒİ£һƷһš
ѧƷ٩٩̸Щ;ϲ֮Ľ̸ǻ䡣
˻佻̸ʱ׶һ˹
˹üͷ΢΢һ壬֪׶ĳɼһڹûʲôġ
һ̾׶ַ棬ҲЩ츳ˣѾУΪɶͲܹһЩأ
˹׶˵׶ʲôĽ̸㲻Ҫȥǡ
˹⻰ʵ׶˼飬׶ʲô˼
ȻпܰʯͷԼĽš
Ȼ׶ȴû˹˼ֻ˵׿˹˼ȴװûס
Ŵ˵˹ģ֮ǰ֪ݣ˵ĻеʾǸġ
˹ɵĿ׶һۣȻٺòͷû˵
׶˵ֹͣ˽̸ͬʱ׶
׶ʺã˵׶˺ܲƷҲܲ
׶Щٴαʾлм仹Ŀһۡ
ЦЦ˵֮ǰǾ仰˼ʲô𣿡
׶ͷ֮ǰ飬򵥵˵һ顣
Ȼؾᣬֻ˵Լ֮ǰ֪ݣ˵˼ЩǡĻǸ
󣬶׶֪ܸĵ̬ȣΪ⣬ֿ佱䣬׶и˷뼤
˹΢΢üȴû˵ʲôΪ׶ûйʵֻǱؾᣬԼ֮ǰ˵úмɣ˲˵ʲô
׶ǳϿҡǸ˵֮ǰ֪ݣ˵Ļе֮ǸϣҪ֮ǰĻϡ
׶ǵС˼Ȼֻ֪õƣ׶ϿҡĵǸ֮󣬵һЦ˵׶ˣЩҲ㲻ϵҲδϡ
⻰ʵ׶Щôܻϣ
׶ЦȴǴϲȵȻҸģᣬ֮裬Ľ֡
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һǧʮ ˹޼
׶ǵ˼˹ףȻףֻԴ˲ûȤ
׶ļһʵҲãʵҲգ⡣
Ҳûһֳķɡ
˵׶ҿ̫ˣҶֲֻż԰ˣ̸ʲôɣҪ׶ʧˡ
׶ڰ֣˵̫ǫˣ˵ķɻΣʵҪѧϰһһᣬĪҪƴˡ
ʱ򣬰˵˵׶ֲǳ衢֮࣬չʾ޷չʾģҿڹѡ
׶ߣ٣汻˵ˣҾڹѣҺΣ
Ȼȴ˵ˣ֮ǰѾĳģǸˣôѣķǳõһѧϰĻᡣ
Ӧ֪һ˵ĻǿҪչʾҲǳ򵥣ֻҪֳһ׾Ϳˡ
˵ԲѣǶ֪ֳ·ͯ꡷֮ƷǶֳɵġ
׶˵ֱ֣Ȼš·ͯ꡷֮ƷֳɣصĴԣȷȷʵʵġ
ȻĴԣ׶ոյһ͸Եûʲôˡ
ΪȻֳ׶ҪҲͲ˲ǡ
Ȼ֮ⷬüͷ壬ȴû˵ʲô⻰ȷ÷
׶˵ҪѧϰĻᣬȷûëֳ͸ӵĲ÷ˡ
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Խǿ϶ҲԽȲҪҴ֮ǰ˵ûгɹ׶Ҳż
֮ǰѾ˳ֵ׼׼˶˵ʣһǻɹġ
˵ŶĪΪҵˮƽ̫ͣ޷ͺƷһ㻹ģⲻˣ𾴵Ҳһܹġ
׶⻰ɾʹһζˣ˹üͷ塣
˿׶΢΢ҡҡͷĿۣҪ΢ıһЩˡ
׶֪ոյһ仰Ѿۣ˸ı䡣
ԼĻΪ⡣
˿׶һ̾ˣ֮ǰһ仰ֻżԣ׶ѧϰʲô׶ĪҪˡ
У׶ΪЩ⣬һ˵ʱǷǳõġ
˵裬ĪΪˮƽĺܵͣЦ󷽣ֻ߸Ӷֳ
׶Ϊ⻰֮󣬻ĳȻһ嶯Ҫֳһף֤Լ
Ҳ׶ĿģҪӦֳһס
ֻҪӦˣ޷ӣЦ󷽣׶ĿĶﵽˡ
ҲֻĽҴˣˮƽеʵ
һֱ費Ըֻ֣ôҶˮƽʾɡ
ȻϧǣûʲôӦɵ˵Ҳһֱ˵ҲżԣȻǲֳġôڲף
׶󣬲һ³һѪռУûʲô취ˡ
һʵ׶˼Իʱ䣬׶ʲôĿģȫѾ֪
üͷ˿׶տʼΪ׶Ȼڿ׶ȷ츳غƷʵǲô
ˣɾͣɾҲȻ̫ߣЩźʧ
ֻǣҲ˵ʲôǹЭԱ֮䣬ȲϵҲǳĹϵûȨȥָ׶
ֻϣҪΪ׶Ĺϵ١
Ȼ٣ҲܺãҲã˶УûôɵĻΪһˣȥһȺ塣
ǳľأҲĵǣ΢΢Ц֪ʲôʱпգҪȥʥ֪ͣԸ͹⣿
дϲȻ˵ˣͱʾûκεĽ٣ˬһЦ˵ʥ壬ǾǴȥݷһˡ10ʱ䣬ǻĴͳڣҴǵĴڼ䣬ǰȥʥݷã֪ɷӭ
һЦ˵ʱӭĵȻ˹ͰԸ͹⣬ҲǳĻӭ
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֮˵УļʥǳƯκҵļ˹ޣҲͬһǳĵطʱӭҲȥҵļ͡
˹ޣͻȻһֿɲİ˵ļ˹ޣλڱԼ˿ıذ
Ŷ˵дǾȣ˵֪˹ޣȻǳֻһС򣬼ҲȻ֪ʵҷǳľϲ
׶оȣȴ֪Ҳͬȣ˿ļ˹ޣһ˹ˡ
Цûʲôŵ㣬ƽʱԱȽϹ㷺ҲһżȻĻᣬ֪˹ôһСġңһ֪˹СʷϣһУÿ죬һµʱ䣬֪ǲ
Ǿϲ˵ûûȷʷά˾½ĵط
ַǳп˵ԾȻ֮㣬Ҳѹᣬȡ˵ĳɾ͡
пһԵĿ˹밮˸ǸпǶ֪˹ôһطȻ֪
֪ƺǳϤ˹Сʷ굽˭ˣ
˹밮޸пᣬȡ˳ɾ͵ԭ֮һɡ
Ա߲ûȥ׶Ҳòпһܴ֮ҲȷЩ¡
ΪʵҲ֪ôһС
Ȼ֪ҲĹȻԶԶȲϻĹ޽Ҳͬǳ
һ֪С򣬳˱˺֮˭֪أ



һǧʮһ дһ׸͸
֪ļ˹С򣬲һΪϤԵ÷ǳĸ˺˷ܡ
֮󣬱²ˣ˹СĹ¡
СڣҲСʷСڹȥķչСʷϵάˣͿ˶СӰ졣
СĻĹСһһС
ĵ÷ǳĿģʲôܹȣһλԼļ磬ӵ˸˵أ
˺þãƺ˹Сʷڣһ͸
ĹУ˹׶ֻܿЦҡͷǸ岻ϻ
ǶСһ㶼˽⣬ȻʲôҲ岻ϡ
׶ĽּʣܺĵͶĻҵԻŷǳİ
˺þ֮ˡ
ˬЦû뵽˹С˽⣬ҽʵ̫ˣѾܾûˡ
ҲЦҶ˹Сʵֻһ֪ѡͨոպ죬ڵǶС˷ǳȫ˽⡣
˵Ȼˣпյʱ򣬿һҪȥСһˡ
ȻһһʱȥһߵġڣͻȻһҪ͸
һЦԶǿͣӦŶԡʵ˵Ҷ˵ǳĸȤҲǳȲҪ֪
ЦһҲϲġֻڻóҪһЩʱ䣬Сʱɡ
һ˵˹׶˾һ㶣ЩԺ˵ʲô˼
ҪСʱʱóѵҪڳȥ
Ȼ顢ءӨŮȴ۾һ˲˼ȴ˲ˡ
Ҫ׼дһ׸ˡ
Ů֮˷ܵģĪˣ˷ܵ˵Ҫдһ׸裬͸𣿡
Цŵͷ˵ȷһ׹˹޼еĸ衣
⻰һ˹׶ͬʱ󾪣˵ﾹȻǣֳһף˹޼еĸ裡
ңֻҪСʱʱ䡣
ֱ̫ˣ
𾪹󣬸˵΢һЩͬ
˷ּ˵ģҪһף˹޼еĸ裿
ͷǵģոô࣬˹СͻȻ֣ҿΪ˹Сһʲôʹһ׸ɣ͸Ҳ͸˹С򡣡
ããӵļ˵һʵ̫⣬Ҳ̫ˣԶּЭᣬҲ˹СĿˡ
ȻڻûпҲûΪ˹СĸԵĸһ
˵ĸЩ̫⣬ĸмҲɲ䡣
鷢ģҲЩݣæ˵̫ˣֻһ׸ѣ˿
֣һм
˹ûҲͬ˷ܲѣҪֳ
ôǱۼ֤ĵˡ
Ҳ˵յôСʱʱ䣬ֳһ׸ˡ
ֳٴһһֱ
˵ʵڵģ˹Դ˲š
ֳٴһף⡢򵥵ӣǵҲûʲôȷּҿ
ؼصĴУֳٴЩҲͬʱƾ䣬δЩˡ
ԣ˹һ㴫Եʵԣɵġ
ȻڣʼҸԺٸֳֱʾҪСʱʱ֮ڣһ׹˹޼еĸ
˹ڿֳ֤شԵʵˣÿ˹β˷ܣ
ѾȲ
׶飬Ҫ΢һЩˣ⡢˼顢ϲ˷ܵȵȶС
֮ǰ˾ţ֮˵þҪӦֳһ׸衣
ʼղϵֺް취
˭֪ھȻҪֳһ׸ˡ
׶о͸Ի˹һ֪ˣ֮ǰôľɶ
׶е⡢ϲֲ˼顣
ʵ벻ףΪλҪֳһ׸
ѵ֮ǰĵ̫˷ܣЩˣ
ֻԴͻȻͿˣ
ȻԴͿҲãҲãҪ
ҪˣҪֳһ׸ľһ׶Ϊǳ޴ľ
׶˷ܲѣֻ˷˹ͬ
ֻ˷ܣΪˣ޴ľ˷ܣҴ˷ܡ



һǧʮ Ϊ
⣬ڰҮ˵Ǵ˷ˡ
ǲˣҲΪֵ顣
ȴֳܹ֣ܹ֤ϵ裬˾оǳˣȻҲӵ˷ܡ
˷뼤֮˵һ֮룬ǾǴƷ֮󣬿ɷøֳݳһ飿Ĺǣлܵķɡ
ͷȻû⣬ǸģҵȻԸø
һδϲ˵ʵ̫ˣһýֳģĸƷȻֻǽֳݳӵиݳȨ
ȴЦַ飬Ͳ鷳ˣи֡
Ŷи֣ѵǡɻ顢ءӨŮȥ
иֵĻȻͻŮ֮һ
Цµûд׸׼Өݳ
Өһ㶣ǻȻӨȻ֪
֮ǰӨʱû⣬˵׼ӨݳȻӨǻĸ֡
ǳϲһƷ׷ˡݳߣӨ
ˬһЦ˵ӨС㣬ոûݣʵǷǳıǸ
Ө΢΢һЦ˵̫ˣҷǳܹݳһף翨˹йصĸ
˵ӦҷǳҲŶԡ
֮˹顢Өص뿪ֳȥ˸Ժ¼ҡ
׶ȥк֮ǰļͬ飬Ҳȥ¼ңȻҲҪȥġ
ʼҸԺΪ˶سǣĸԺ֮һȻרҵ¼ҵġ
Ҫһ׸ȻҪȥ¼ˡ
һ뿪֮󣬸ո飬ܿﴫˡ
ļ˹ޣ࣬˹С飬ֳһף˹޼еĸȵȣڹﴫˡ
֮ͨǰۣڶ֪ˣֵһ˵ݡ
ڣֵһˣҪֳһ׸ĹǣȫԵ÷ǳ˷ܣҲǳڴ
۷׷ףС
ΪֵһˣȻûɣֳֻʱƺܰɡ
٣ƣͲ֪ˣش˵ֳٴ˵ڻƳЩһֳ֣ʱġ
㶼˵ˣشԣǾ˿޴ǵġ
ȷֻǴԣʵ˵ʵҲšȻҾҪֳӦġ
ûȻǾһܹóؼǸô
ʵ˵ҶԸֳֹ̫ۣʱ˵ֻҪСʱʱ䡣룬Сʱʱ䣬ܴʲôø裿һҲܰɡΣǵ˽⣬֮ǰƷǻĸûдĸĸӦĵһĸǶ֪֣ġԣҶԸֹ̫ۡ
ô˵ƺȷֹۡһϣܹ΢һЩϾ͸ĸȻҲ˵͸ĸ̫Ժ˵ȥʱ򣬶Щ˼
ҿǰϹģҿܲ֮Ҫֳ̨ݳġûţӦֳݳ𣿡
ϣ˰ĵĵȴˣСʱʱܿ͹ȥˡʵ˵ҶԸֹ̫ۣȴȻڴѾȲҪˡ
ȻǶǳڴޣһҵļѹҲһǳȤġСʱʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ǸϹˡ
Ǹ⣬ƣҲҵļ˺һ

Ҫֳһ׸飬ѾΪΨһĻ⡣
˶˷ܣάҲ˷ܣֻǵ˷ȣ΢һЩͬ
Ǽڴܹһ׺ø裬ָӵڴĸô˵ǰ澡ʧ
ڴ˷ܣֽȻͬġ˷ܡǳΪرˡ
˷ڴĻ⣬Ȼֻһ顣
ʵϣѾһһһģ䡣
ûö೤ʱ䣬ˣ֪顣
飬ҲѸ顣
Ͼʵ̫лԣҲֵ̫ڴˡ
Ҳմĸô鱾˷ܺڴ
УԵøļ
ޣҪΪ˹޼Уֳһ׸˹ޣҵļ磬ҵļ簡ʵ̫ң̫ˣ
ԭǵļͬ˹ޡ
٣ƣǼԣǲҪ̫ˡϾڸûгôĻǿܾͰ׼ˡ
ǻֵһˣһλţƷһǳİ
ҲǻʵǻƣҪһ⣬ֳʱһֻҪСʱʱ䣬ĸʵǺֹۡȻˣȻǳڴ
˵ĻȷеȻġ˹ޣһǳСף˵ġŶУȥ˹Сһߣһϲġ
һΪ䴴ĸɣһȥһߵġ
Ȼˣȥˡ
Ը˵ơ

ǹҪֳһ׸ͨ绰֮ͨѶʽ֮⡣
вٵ˶ѡˣ֪ͨԼļˡѹһֳʱ⡣
˶سǵĺܶط
ˣƣ˵𣿻ʼҸԺĵٸԻҪֳһף˹޼еĸ
ɣҵȷ˵ˣһھ棬ҪϹȥءأƣҪһ𣿡
Ȼܴ
üˣһ𡣶˻ƣ˵˹һط𣿡
û˵ӦһǳĵطȻΪҪΪ䴴أ

ܶڽӵϢ֮󣬴Ҵ˵ٸʹñ˶ԽԽԵӵ
ѾΪÿһ䶼ˣĴŴȻϵ˽롣
գ칫ҵĹԱòһţֹٽȥ


һǧʮ ̨ݳ
ٸѾΪΪ˰ȫǣ칫ңòʱرţֹٽ롣
ȻǴŹرˣһЩڴ棬ҲԸȥ
Ϊڴ棬ֻҪǸ̫ԶҲȻܹĸֻԽԶЧԽˡ
ȻˣȻû뿪ĵЧҲҪһǡ
μӽݳĸֺּǣҲѾصϢˡ
ԽԽ࣬˵Ӧһǳֵø˵顣
ȻһڸֺּǣȴҲ˲
˲Ϊա
Ϊ֪Щ¼ˣΪǶΪǸ
ֵǣΪҪֳһ׸ԭڵģйǵ˼ȥˡ
̸۵ݣйأڴƷҲҪƷ
ֺּǵƷͲôڴˣ۶ûˡ
һڸֺּǣ֣
̨ĺһڲμݳĸԹ
һλոսݳĸߵ̨ǹڣ泪ʱȴѸоǵ飬еֻԵָо͸ˡ
Ϊǵ˼Ѿȫܵڴĸȥˣ˵ȷǳ⡣
ǣ֪ǵ˼ѾˣȻǫ̀ȥݳϣ췽ھǣеݳȡˡֻҪţ˵ƷͿˡ
ǵȻǲܵˣֻϣ˵ƷôʱЩʧ֮ǸʱȤˡ
׸ͲжãСʱʱĸжãԣʱǿ϶ǻʧģǸʱǾͻΪǵĸ
ô˵˴ˣûֵһˣȴܵǺαأʱһΪ޴ľڵġ
ҿԼ˸֣Ȼ϶Ҳ֣Ϊݳĸ
ȻСʱʱĸҿ϶ǾԲݳģ˾ԻҵӰ졣
ȻκһλֶܾģԼŵǸ֡
أʱģǸ֣ǵſЦˡ

һڸǵԹ˭ҪֳϢһܿеķͷء
һǣͬԹΪߣעȱԶԶȲϣݳǸĸ֣ڸһעȶûˡ
Ƿ׷ţƷЦ󷽣涪
ȻҲƷһôţҲСʱʱڣʲôõƷ
ֻҲһɻ󣬴ҶǸĻߣΪʲôǵȫһأ
˵ƳƷǺǻעģʼݳǸĸ֣ǡ
һҪƳһƷעʼĸ˭ݳעʼնȲ
һּĽʣ벻ͨеԭ

ִǷ׷ţڣȫȫĽŸĴ
ֻСʱʱ䣬ҲҪͶٷ֮ٵľ
˫ֿٵģڸ豸ϲûһ˿ԥͣЪ
¼ۿ˹׶Ŀɿڴ
˰Ү֮⣬˶רҵˡ
ȻҲΪרҵǲŸӵĿɿڴŸӵĸо˼顣
֮ǰûκε׼ȫʱڴٶȣȴǿ˿ֲ
ٶȿҲͰˣؽǻûһ˿ԥͣЪ껹
֮ǰ˵ǼҲû˵Ѿﵽӽϵٶ˰ɡ
׶ļͬ֮⻹𾪣׶ûĿʼûҡ
֮ǰһֱֻΪܴһ׸һҲһףôĸ
ʱᵱҪǣˮƽ費ôʵᱻҴ
Ȼڣֹ˼ģٶȺ״̬׶￪ʼңоһУĲһˡ
ʱһһڹȥĲɷɧ
ȻʱȥˣӽСʱʱͣϵĶ
˹׶һͬʱһͷˣ
ʵҲȷˣ߳¼ңЦøλõˣʵǷǳıǸ
˷ܵʵѾˣ
ͷǵģѾˡ
ȻֶӨ˵ӨӨȥϤϰ顣
Өͷ߽¼ңضŮҲ˽ȥ
˹˵λȥϢҵȴɡ
Цʵ˵ķǳ¼ȥһһǵȵӨС㣬̨ݳʱɣҪһּΪڴ顣
˹ҲЦ˵ûдȲȻܣҲδⲻһܡ
һϢһϢ죬һߵӨ
׶ļ飬Ѿǰ뿪֮ǰĹ
֮ǰ߳¼ҵһ̣׶Ǹо齫ȫһ
̾һ鸴ӣļͬ飬ͬ̾ҡͷ
֮ǰģˮƽʾɣڲٻɣǸоˮƽ裬ֻ±֮ǰΪĻҪߡ
ǳֻ̾̾
Ŷʮ֮Ө顢Ů߳¼ңӨѾϤ˸
ˬһЦ˵߰ɣą̊́Ǳðš


Сʱһʱ䣬˵ĵȴйȥܵͻȻ˵
λװĹǣϺãɻһֳĸ˹޼СϾͽ̨ݳߣǻӨǹͬڴ
Ϣһ˲һƬڣһֱ鲻ϵҲܿﵽµĸ߳
ȻֻˣСʱʱ˴
ôô
𰸺ܿͽ
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Ө顢ŮعԱĴ£ȥ˺׼̨ݳ
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ЦһһӦʾл
ʱ򣬲μݳһڸǣҲӺ˳
գĽּʵЦֹҪʼ𣿺ܺãеĻǾ˼ˡ
һּǣҲͬЦǿֵĿʼҲĿʼ
Ȼ֮ǰ׶һĹ̵Ļʱ϶Ͳ뷨ˡ
ϧûп

̨ϣһգһλֻ˳
ֳʱ뻶Щ뻶͸ո˳λֵģ͸һλǳĸֵġ
һλǳĸ֣Ө
ӨӰ̨̨Ϥֻ̨ܵĹڣǻ˵ס
ʣĿǰΪֹӨε̨УرһΡ
ӨҲЩ˷ܣЩȲˡ



һǧʮ ĸҥ
Өվ̨룬ĺһѾ׼
еĹڣҲͬ׼ղŻֻڵֳѸٵİ
ţֲĵȼ豸˸ǰࡣ
ǰ⾳Զ滺鶯ֳеˣʱΪ֮һ
ƺᵽңԶʷϢǿ˹Сʷϣά뿭˵Ĺϸҥ
ִңԶֹϢĸҥе𽥳һֳӯţʫ΢Թ
Щ·˺쳾ķţɢ͹ңӱ͸
˵飬һ̱ôȴһУֻԶ֮С
˵УдģɱԶ˼ȫļ磬ǸС
ı۾һ̣۾Ƕֻ࣬б۾ܰļ磬øӵ͸
Լļ磬ǳļֻǰ֪࣬һһΰĸ
ѾŲɣ
Ĳֻкܶܶˣ˹
ǰ࣬˹ֻһͷǱˮƽ裬Ȼֲ˹
ʱ׶Ψ̾ϢʱţһţԶҲܴĸ߶ȡ
ЩſЦģμӽݳּҺ͸ǣʱȫ𾪵Ŀ̨ϣǸΪӰ
ֻǸǰ࣬ƺѾˣ֮ǰ롣
ǲš
̨ϣӨ˷翿ߣ˵һθʡ
Are you going to Scarborough Fair
Ҫȥ˹޼𣿣
Parsleysagerosemaryandthyme
ŷۣβݣԵͰ㡣
Remember me to one who lives there
Ƕһλʺá
She once was true love of mine
ҵİˡ
Tell her to make me a cambric shirt
鲼

Զ䣬ӨĸԶ࣬ںϣֳÿһĹڣһ֮󣬱Ҳ޷Өĸ߳
˹޼СǰӢһ׹裬ٿ׷ݵʮ͵Ӣ磬ո
Ȼͣ˹޼Са汾ִּǵļӹٴ졣
һ汾Ǿӷҿ˶˼ӹİ汾
һ汾УĶĶΣÿһĽβһ̫Եڳһ׸ʡ
һ׸ʱдģҪ˷սԸԼӷҿ˶֮֡
¼ӵһ׸ʣʼʱͬգĽսеģֿѺͼʹһ汾ġ˹޼Сٽֻһװ˵裬һ׼ķս
ѡð汾һ汾ӨݳһײԵĸʣʱѾͷ
ѾͷĳȻôһ׸ʵĸԣԳҪ󲻸ߣѾͷȫʤΡ
һθʴһ˿İˣ˹һˣǲҪȥ˹޼Уϵһʺãˡ
ڶʣŷۣβݣԵͰ㡱ֻ䣬ֱۡҳϺ
˶ܵˣһ˿İˣͷ·ˣ˹޼ϵһ
ڣҲһ
̨ϣӨĸڼ
Parsleysagerosemaryandthymen
ŷۣβݣԵͰ㡣
Without no seams nor needle work
治÷ڣҲߡ
Then shell be a true love of mine
ͻİˡ
Tell her to find me an acre of land
һء

ֳһƬֻӨĸֳÿһֳÿһڣڸ֮С
ȻûȥǸ˹޵С
ڣǵԺȴƺܹһĵط
д󺣵Ϣζϵķҷ
ϵʢ磬һᣬƺŵŷۡβݡ㡢Ե㣬ɢŵĵ㡣
ﻹһ޼ʵҰⶳĺ̾ϢĴ󺣣һڡĶ
һ׸裬εʱйڵĶУƺԼԼģһ
һƺڸǰƺǴ˺̾ϢĴ󺣣ңԶĵط
һò̫Уֻϡܹƺ˵ŽʿйصϢ
ǸǴƺǴǸӳΪһ壬һּصܡ
һĸҥֳÿһˣţһ׸ǧҪϣܹþһЩپһЩ
Ȼһ׸ջнʱ̨ϵӨڳһʡ
ǺԶɣҲڽԶȥԽԽСԽԽСֱʧ



һǧʮ ΰֵ
ٸ
̨ϵӨһʣ쳹ÿһɣҲԶȥ
ԶȥɣÿһˣͻȻӳоѡ
ǲҲᣬ֣ҪץסԶȥɣҪǹԶ˵ɣʡ
ֻǣעץסģҲԶǱҪǻҪصʵ硣
ȻҲرˣǻǺԶһǴ˵ĸһλصԶˣһ߽ǵķ
̨ϣԶȫʧӨ̨ĸ΢΢ϹѾлĻʱ
ÿһˣҲԵ֪һ㣬һּǿҵĲǵͷơ
һ̣ǳ׵ı
ɽХͻȻÿһ𣬴Һ̨ϣһΪŮӵ֡
Ϊ֮ǰԤ棬Ҷ֪ˡӨ֡
ǼΪӨɫգֻҪӨܰѸղŵĸҥٳһ顣
ǵ˼صǸңԶСǿһۣСǸŮǸˡ
ֻǣ̨ϵӨǻ˻֣Ȼ󻺻̨
һлĻ
̨󷽣Ө̨رӭȥ˷ܵ˵ӨӨ㣬㳪̫ˡ
ӨЦӵĺҲܲ
˵ǾϹܺӨӨȣˣҿǴģҵҽҪȥ
صԴ˵ಹۣ߰ɣ質ˣǵҲˣͻȥ
ѽءӨŮͬʱ˵
֮Ų֮̊߳ǰǸȥ
ʱִԼĴ⣬滹вٵأǰδеĻ𱬡
̨ϵŮѾ̨֪ûеڶˣǷǳĲᣬȴûʧ
Ϊϣһһ׸ˣѾ˵ˣλʧҲʧ
ңȻڶˣǻۣԱ˴˷ʱ˿̵˷뼤
ǹǼ췽Ҳûţһλݳ
ΪҶ֪ʱˣҲĸˣһλֻ̨ø־÷ǳΡ
ȻˣǾùǣȺúõ۸ɡ
ҾȻһ׸ĵһڣʵ̫ˣ
׸ʵǡʵǡҵĴʻޣҶ֪ˣֻ˵ʵ̫ˡ
׸ԶԶֻǺô򵥣ɺԶǴԽ˼Ͷһĸҥ
ԶԣҲָоɻǸʣ·Ѿ˼һ㣬ָо̫̫ˡ
Ҹұ֤⽫һΰĸڼ̵ʱ֮ڣÿһС
ڶǸ˹޵СǸСһŮľˣŻнңԶĻΪ䴴һΰĸ
ǻֵһˣʵ𣿶̶Сʱʱ䣬㴴һ׸ʵѾášˡ
ұҪǸΪ֮ǰΪֳʱĸжãڣұݺݵĴˡȻĴֵܡ
룬Ӧòǻֵһˣֵһˣϣֻ˭ܹСʱʱ䣬һ׸
ûԵֵһˣԺ˭ٻʵȥһӡ
һ׳ӯŵ˵裬ˣ֪ڹô
٣ȷһףŵ˵裬Ϊֻһ裬ʹشˡ
Ŷѵһ׸軹
ȻȻڻ֪صʲôҿ϶һڵġһ׸質εʱǲԼԼģһ
ûȷһЩǴӦòǴ
ûһﰵŵֻǸЩ翣ò̫УֻϡܹƺսйءȻһ翵Ч׸ζء
ޣ׸Ȼ˵һ׸轫ӵĲƽΰʵʵ̫ǿˡ
ôװʲôͻȻ֪
٣Ҳ֪ŰɣȻò˶೤ʱ䣬Ǿͻ֪ġ

˶˷ܵţǼ˹޵ˣǼۿת
ǿǾҵļ˹ޣǸĵطȺߣǲ䷳ظͣһ仰
֮ˣĽ˷ܵĻش𣺡ޣǵģƣˣҲˣȷǳϲˣļŮľˣܿͻȫġŶᴫ⡣
ĻشǼ˵ޣ̫лˣôȥ￴һ𣿡
ȻǻĻش𣺡Ȼһġ
˷ܣǼǷǳ϶֪ǵļ˹ޣܿͻȫȫ硣
һΰֵ
Ųɣ



һǧʮ 뿪
̨
һڲμݳĸǣҲ֮лع
һס˹޼СֳйڣȻҲͬǡ
ǱȹǸӵ𾪣Ϊ֮û˿׸裬ҲûԸݳһ׸衣
ǶΪСʱʱ䣬ʱĸݳĻԻӰǵ
ڣÿһ˵һּǿҵĿǿݳһ׸衣
Ǿţһ׸ǵڼ̵ʱڣﵽһǰδеĸ߶ȡ
ֻڣһ׸ݳߣԻģǸΪŮӡ
ȻҲʧɻԿ
ΪӨ׸ԭϾǻˣջصǻȡһ׸ķȨ
һڸȫĥȭպգҪôп׸ķȨ
ֻ֪ǽڳЩ֣󲿷ֵĸֻ֣¶뵽ȨľУЩһߵľǸ֡
ʣ⽫һΪҵľ
ҲЩһߵľǸ֣ҲҪŬȥȡһǡ
һڸˣһּǣֻ̾Ϣͬʱָоǳ
֮ǰȫΪСʱĸֻһЦ
֪ˣȻͬΪˣ֮ĲĿغ蹵ȫͲһ档
ҲˣΪʲôƳʱעʼݳĸĸ֡
Ϊֵһˡ

ڵĹ顢ءӨŮѾص
ǿѹסԼ˷뼤˵׸ĺ벿֣ǲǻһ׸ʺɣ
ͷЦ˵ûдȷˡ
⡭˹ٴθе𾪺Ͳ˼飬̶Сʱʱ䡭
̾һ˵֮ţܹƵǹ񹤡
ҡͷˣҲżаˡ
ٴθпһżУżаˣһ״ò̫УԸдң
ЦȻԣʵϣ֮ǰѾ׼ˡ
˵ţһۺõֽ˵ףС
ϲ˫֣صĽӹûд򿪲鿴ֱСźá
Ȼ˵һʵ̫ˣҸˣҵļ˹ޣиǣӦʾллһ
æ˵ĪҪ˵ɳֻܲϣܹϲ׸á
һĸпֻоȷľ֮һ

ںóóʱ֮գƽһЩֵ̨ݳڼ
ʱǱ˹ˣ顢ءӨŮϢĳ
ڡ˹޼Сһ׸ķûĻҲעԶĻ˵Ӧ뿪ˡ
߳Ĵţ߳ʼҸԺĴţ֮ǰ˵Ҫڴļ³˹ˣȻͲӰ
Ŀֲ֣ﻹſڶˡ
ߵ֮ǰĹ㳡ϣͷһۣ̻Ի͵ĻʼҸԺҲǳĸ̾
ǰһ׹ϵӢҥ磬˵ˣҲǡ˹޼Сһ׸ˡ
أԻǳ˷ܣߴߴ˵ͣصԴ˵ӦûؾƵˡ
Ҫ֪СѾͷʱڽµļء
ԴϱùĵطΪίġŶһֹ֪
֮󣬼û飬һֱӻص˽µĹԢ
СѾͷ򿪵ģһСѾͷĹĵ˵磬ǲȥˣȥҲҪȥ
΢һЩɻ˵˵Ѿͷô֪ȥ
СѾͷԴһᣬߵ֪
顢ءӨŮһ˵Ϊʲô¶ȥҲҪȥ
ʱ򣬽¹ЦڵٸŪôĶ벻֪ҲѰ
һϣȻԼǴһͿһʱˡ
ڵٸֳһ׸飬϶Ѿϴˡ
󣬽Ȳ˵һ׽˹޼Сĸ裬һʲôĸ裿Щһ׸ˣһ׸ֱþ֮ʣǵðڵˣֱ˼㡣
Цһ׸ȷʧֻǽ޷ԣһĸ衣ò˼ʱ䣬ˡ
Ҳǣֻ˵ðɣԸһ



һǧʮ ̽С˵
ʱ˹޼С׸裬¾ͣҲֻʱ¡
ֽ˵ˡ
Цڶںģ̽С˵ڸȤ𣿡
ͬЦ˶سȥ˼طҲȤˡ
ŶЩ֣֮ǰҲ˵ˣں̽С˵ڵ飬ǸʱθȤôͻȻôȤˣ
ʵȥЩطΪȥЩط֮󣬾Ͷ̽С˵ڸȤˣ
Ҫȥһ˽ֵĽֵȻͻȻĳ뷨
˽֣µͷֵȷһ⡣
Ŷ΢΢Щ죬˵Ϊ˵ֵЩ⣿
ĵǽ֣顢ءӨŮҲ䣬ϸš
ЦֵȻҲϳڣֵԵסլԢǲġֵǣסˣ½½ˣңҲûµסȥҲܲˣ·Ѿֵһ㡣
ͷȷΪֵ֣Ҳ˾סΨһһλ񡣡
µô˵Ӧڱ˽ϣǶά˹ˡȷ˽ϻΨһһλҲ˵˽еԭ򡣡
ҵȷڱǽϣһλˣֻǲ֪֣룬Ӧþǽ˵Ƕά˹ˡ
µͷһλˣӦþˣӦסڱ˽ֵ221bš
ûƺţʹλˣȷ221bţӦʶˡ
¸пȷʶһǳȴЩǿˡҲ쿴ʱӦںͷƷ򽻵ɡ
ɻȷˣҪһӵķƷȥֻǣ֪ģ
µǸǿͷ˳ȥռƷƷͻ֮⣬߳סĹԢ
һɻ˵ȥһˣΪʲôᾭȥ
һθ̾һ˵㿴ƷΪǲΪûоԴֻܿƷ׬Ǯ
ͷѵ𣿡
˵ȷˣʵϣÿ¶ܹõ5000ݽ𡣡
5000ݽ𣿡Ӳ죬5000һСǮ
Ҫ֪˶سǵͨ죬һµĹҲ3000ңһϰ幤ʽڣ2000֮䡣
λǶά˹ˣÿµݽȻߴ5000ȷ˷ǳ졣
˵ܲ죬԰ɣʵҲǳĲ죬뵽ݣҲ
һ˵ʱ򣬾͸оƺһͨˡ
ڿȻˣ˶Ȼʲôݡ
Ȼֻ¼˵Ƕά˹֮ǰ˶شѧѧϵĽڣҲҹǳѧңѧоԺԺʿݽ˶شѧ֧ģΪʲôôߣΪǶά˹˶شѧѧķչŷǳĹס
ԭˡͷ˼ҵݹȻ򵥣˵ǹˡ
̾ϢȷǹֻǿϧΪ޴ף֮ȴֻһĬĬˣ֪һͨߡǣ˶شѧ͹Ҳû
ͬһ̾ȷ˷ǳΣΪ͹׵Ŀѧң֪ȴһͨСǶ硣
ϣһλΰѧţ޼һǳţֻһǺһ̸ţ򣬶ʮ࣬顣
ˣˣϵһҲˣȷΡ
֮̾˵ղ˵Ƕά˹ȥѵǡ
µͷµòûдǶά˹ÿµݽһֲٵȫ˳ȥҪľ׶󣬱ЩҪƶͯһżȻĻᣬʶǶά˹Ҳ֪ÿ¶飬ȻͰңҲҪȥһ־ǿͷ
ͷոձѾµˣвȼԵľ⡣
ЦЦ˵ڱ˵Ƕά˹ǳ޴Ƕά˹Լ˵ȴеǳĿ֣ҽʱ򣬱ܸоó˼úܿ֡
˵ǰɣ˵ϣܹҪˣÿ5000̫ˡֻǣѾѾûа취ǮˡռƷ׬Ǯֻܹһ˵µʱܹоĲʺź
ļأûжŮ𣿡ͻȻ˵
ҡͷҲҲʹȴֻЦЦû˵ҲӦжŮģֻǸǿͷϲһ˶ڱ˽ϡ
ðɡ˵
ŶˡƺͻȻʲô˵Ƕά˹ƺ̽С˵ǳȤһ̽С˵ԡ֪ǲҹ̽С˵ԣУѾʮ־֮ģȻ۾һ漣
ϲ̽С˵һ΢΢Щ죬ǵȷһλһˡ
˵Ȼϲ̽С˵ô̽С˵ڣòҪȥμӰɣ
˵˭֪أȷܡ
ͷ˼



һǧʮ Ȩ
ڽ¼һ֮ʱѾ磬˸ǡ
ڻؾƵ·ϣпǸǶά˹Ͽѧңֵ𾴣ֻǿϧҪǮԸע޷ʵˡ
صûа취ϾʮˣȻӲʣռƷ֮⣬ҲҵǮİ취ˡ
Өʵ˼ȫûҪǮˣÿ5000ѾСĿˡ
Ȼˣ˼ȻΪȻҲеʺźˡ
˵һа취ܹλ˼Ǯ
Ů󣬾һ㶣ͬʱʵʲô취
ЦЦ˵취ǡǾ֪ˡ
УŮͬʱ˸ۣСѾͷߵǰȥˣȻΪ顱
ǺһЦںš

ڻؾƵ꣬ڵٸֳ˹޼Сһ£Ѿϴˡ
˴ѵĹעڶ֣Ƭֹ˾Լ˵Ĺע
⣬һ׸ǰҲͬ
ǰȻ룬Эϯйأļ˹СҲһע
Ȼڻֻעѡ
۷׷ףУͣ޲̾һ׸衣
ҲڰսϣԼΪʲôûȥٸһ䶯顣
ȻҲͬвɣ˵׸ȷϵ˵Ȼڿˡ
Сʱʱ䴴ĸٺܺȥ
ġ˹޼СѾϻˣΪȵĻ⣬û֮һ
飬һǸҲۡ
һֻǸϵ˵ĽȺ
ôϵЩ˵п󣿡
ΪпɣϾ˵̫ˣΰĴʶˡ
ҲΪпɣΪֵһˣʵӹɣֳʱӦҲԣ׸һ׺ø裬ܹ϶ġ
ʱǻĸûȺģ
ӦûУ֪ȵʱֳֻǣ׸赽ôʱķӦЩ֡
Ǹ֣ķӦôˣ
Щ˸ʣûشҵ⣬ֻ˵鴫ⲻûлشһֻҪ׸пɣԱΪ鴫ǣϾֳֻСʱĸ
ȷЩ֣ˣһͨø裬˵̫ˣˣùˡ
ҲˣʱѾˡ

һǸһ֮ҲͲôˡ
ȻҲͬΪСʱʱڣĸжá
ϵ˵Щڿˡ
ǲˣҲ͵ڷˡ˹޼СķȨ
ýֳģЩ֪飬ػ൱ϲ
ȻҲеһǸֶˣȻһЩһߵǸֺܸȤ
ǿ׸û˵ôţҲһ׺ø裬ֵȡһġ
⣬һЩֳƬ˾ҲڿǣҪҪȥѷȨ
ǵĽҲͬгƬ˾ѡҲгƬ˾ѡȡһ

顢ءӨŮСѾͷصƵꡣ
һ죬ŮһЩƣ˯ˡ
СѾͷѡǺһ˯
ڷһһǵ֮Ҳ˯ˡ
һҹ޻˵ڶ죬Ҳ119ŵ峿
СѾͷɸ¶ȥѧѾͷߵʱ˵ȥʱ򣬻¶
ҲӦˣȻСѾͷȥǾʹˡ
顢ءӨŮȥ˹Эİ칫¥
Ϊ춨Ȼڶֻ֣߳Ƭֹ˾ȥЭᣬҪ˹޼СķȨ
ӦȥģҲֻȥЭˡ
ڰȨ飬϶Ҫ԰ѹء
ˣҲֻЭİ칫¥ˡ
׸豾ȻѸķȨһλ֡
Ůˣ칫¥¥µʱ¥ӭӣʾҵ
ʾӦõġ
֮󣬶ԸķȨĸ֣ͳƬֹ˾ĸ½
ͬʼСԡҪԸǽһѡѡߺʣƷԹصĸ֡
ֻߡƷԣֵǵȼϸģһ߾Ҳ̭ϸģֻ˸֣ҲܿԽһ֡
ڳƬֹ˾һ̭׼ѷȨֱƬֹ˾
ΪѷȨ˳Ƭֹ˾ôƬֹ˾һλݳ޹ˡ
һ϶ܽܣҪǰľ
ȻЩƬֹ˾ĸ˺ܲ⣬׷׳˵ǹ˾ԸٶǮ򣬻˵ǳһ߼ۣĻԻ֮ġ
ȻΪһڹ˾ĸȥ



һǧʮ 1ļ۸
һڳƬֹ˾ĸ߶ȥȻҲŲĸ
ĳֹ˾ĽȺЩڵĸˣ׷ױԼĲ
ЩԴˣ׸ĸСûֱӿ100ǶεȵΣȻ顣ҲãˣһҪڣ׸ֵôǮ
ǹˣȻֱӿ100㻹Ϊ˵ôţҿ50Ƕǿǻֵһ˵ϡСʱƷٺܺõȥܾҲã50ܹ׸ĸ
Щ˾ǾҪֱЩˡҴһ£ȥЩ֣඼µǸ֣˸֣ЩܳǮԲᳬ20˾͵źȥɡ
ߣǸĸ߼ҵҪջ˭˶Ǯ

Ƭֹ˾ĸ˷׷ױŲ緢ʱһǸǣȻҲ֪ܿˡ
һЩһߡߡߵǸǣҲԼĽȺԼĿ
˵ȥЩ˾ĸȫˣҪѸֱ֡
ȷˣǹ˾˵ȥҳģûˡҲνұͲ̫׸裬ȻҾȥˡ
˵ȥļµˣƻúûӣûֵһ˵ĸ裬Ȼϵǡ
ҲֲֵһˣټСʱʱ䣬ʱĸܹôµĸȥѾǳˡ
ſɣ׻˭ֻǮ


Ƭֹ˾ˣ͸ǵۣ֪Ȼ֪ˣҲ⡣
ˣȻڶԸǽСԡ
ĸȻµĸ֣ȴǲ٣絽ĵӣѾԡϰλ֡
Уһ߾ǸûУ߾ǸһˣǸˣûǵȼ˸ʮˣȫߵǸ֡
ֱ㱻̭ĸ֣㳬˳ɣһλ߾Ǹ֣λǸ֡
Ȼ̭˲˵ǵĳãǵɫϡ˹޼С׸裬ֻǸֱƷԲϸ
Щ̭ĸ֣Ȼһ²ۣһλ߾Ǹ֣λǸ֡
ǶڸֽȺԼĲ˵ԼΪߡߵĸ֣ȥȡһ׸裬ǾǿȻ顣
ǵ²⣬ںһλʺݳ׸裿
ΪĿǰΪֹʺݳĸ֣һλݵ˸֣ǳɫƷԣǳ⡣
˵Ǹݵĸ֣ȷǳĺʣһ˸֣ӦûȨġ
ЦЦ˵ǲڣʺϵѡĻȨ
Ϊλ˵һ׸İȨֻķȨҲҪ100ϡ
ȰѸС֮ȨǾԻڶ೪Ƭֹ˾һ߾Ǹ־
ʲôļ۸ǾͲ˵ˣҪ500ϡ
Ҫ֪һ׾䵽ΰĸһһӣֻһλٸߵļ۸Ҳֵõġ
һλ˸֣İȨ
ǳɻ󣬵ȴǲûѯʣȻ˵ˣǻʲôɡ

ԡڼӵʱ򣬲ûиټǰڶ֡ԡǿʼ
ͨһ֡ԡĸһ𣬽˷ڴĿˡ
֪İȨڵҪĽ׶ΣҲǳ۵Ľ׶Ρ
˭ļ۸ߣ˭п°Ȩ
Уһλ˷ܣиֵУΨһһλֳĸ֣Ǹ֣ȡ
иУΨһһ׸ĸ֣ҲΨһһ֪׸ֵĸ֡
ԣۻٸߵļ۸ֻҪܹһҪ׸İȨ
һλģֳΨһһλ˸֣ݡ
ûгƬ˾׾ݣûȨǳ죬ûйԡⲻǲ
һǳԭǳܹһ׸衣
ԣˣ֪õȨĻᡭ㡣
ʱֻ˵λ֣Ǻãܹͨѡ֤Ƕʺݳһ׸衣׸裬ķȨȴֻһλ֡ȻǰȨȻǼ۸ߵá
۸ߵãⲢ˵Ȩļ۸ϣԽԽá
ַͨʽܹһλ֣׸ӺͿ̶ȡ
ǣǷ׷׳ۣΪǶµǸ֣۲ߣټǲûС
Գ۶ߣߵһλֻ֣18
Ȼ18ļ۸ʵѾܸˡҪ֪¾һ˵ĸƷһ׸ļ۸Ҳֻ10ҡ
ô˷ܲѣԼӦÿһ׸ļֵԲߵļ۸׸ˡ
ǣֱӳ30۸ӽܳܵ߼۸Ҫһ߼ֱۣľߡ
Ȼ30ļ۸񣬾εҡҡͷ
ΪǸ֣ȷʵĸ֣Ը30ֿɲԸ⡣
ȻⲢ˵ûôǮ30ҲܹõóֻǲΪ׸ֵôǮ
ʮǻԽܣ˶ʮǱΪֵˡ
ˣֳΨаһ˻ûгۣۣۣȫҼҲ1ҳۣ
ǣԥ֮˵Ը31ֻǡֻǡֻûôǮ
⻰һڸȻûôǮͱǸ㻹˲ɣ
ȴ룬ݻģֻ˵ϣܹҡԺһһµİǮϣģһ֮ڣǮȫϡ
ǴˣһڸǳҲܲ⣬Ǻαأ
һ룺ѵҲֳ
ҲЩ죬˵С㣬ʲô𣿡
ݵͷ˵ǵģҷǳܹݳһ׸裬Ϊ˹Ҳҵļ磬ҷǳݳһףΪҵļ紴ĸ
⡭
һ˵һڸǵǰ˵ͷܹˡ
ֻǣ⣬ȴͬݵһ׾ݵ˸֣Ϊһ׸ԼծͲֵá
ǣһ׸˵ôţǸǲܵġ
ȻҲΪͬ⣬ܲΪļ˹ޣͰѸ޸ɣ
Щϲ˵СļҲ˹𣿡
˵ǵģ˵ļ磬Ҳ˹޵ʱĸеǳҡ
ЦúãҲеǳĸˣС㡣
Ȱһáæ˵Ըʮ
ʮʵѾܳܵļ۸ˣһҲܹõó
˸ˣѸ޸ˣΪ˱ֱӰѼ۸ᵽʮ
Ϊͬޣֱӳ100ࡣ
Ϊ֪Ǿֵã
ֱӳʮһڸ־һ㶣벻ףΪʲôôһ׸裿
ʮԸҲ̫˰ɡ
н̾Ϣܲ˵Ըʮһɣ
Ϊ˵ȻΪǿͷ֧Ʊ㿪θн½ࡣ
ȣ˵ͷ֪Ӧֳ
ȻⲻҪΪֳ֪׸ļֵҲĻ
ֻǣݵļ˹޵ĻȻȴȸӵĺʡ
Ȼû˵ѣһǿĸ֪ܹ֪ҲܸܵĵϺͿ
ݵļ˹ޣҲЩϲһλ˹޵ıظ֣ȥݳһס˹޼СȻһΪ顣
ȻҲΪ˸еˣӵĸˡ
ʵϣķǳϣܹѰȨݣֻǰ˵ķʽ˿ڡ
˸˼ʱ˵λǣлǶҵĸΣһ׸İȨ˭Ѿ˾
һڸһֳڴɫȻǵĳûдȸߣȫûлᡣ
һΪǱȴȸʺһЩء
ǳĽţܹܲɹ°Ȩˡ
ԶƽģϣΪ֪ķʽǶôĿЦ
ȡԹѾ㹻ˡ
ֳһЩţһЦ˵ȨҾС㣬ԭ룬Ϊļ˹ޡ
⡭
ȫ⣬û뵽ֻΪݵļ˹ޣ˰˷ʽ
˴֮⣬˵Ҳ̫ʧûȡ˰ɡ
Ψдʧ֪ľٸģΨź̾Ϣ
һУõһλվˡ
ǾϲòԼĶ䣬Ƭ֮󣬲Ŵ˷ܡлع
˵ʵ̫лˣһǮһڻġ
Ȼȴǰڰ֣˵Ҳˡ
⡭
ٴһ㶣ݼеڡڡòôǮ
һЦ˵ܹõó
Ľ˵ǡġ
˵Ҳû˵31ļ۸㡣
⻰һһ㶣31Ƕ٣
ʵ˵ļ۸Ƕ٣
֣һ1֡
10˶Ϊ׼˵10Ҳò
ȴ˵1



һǧʮ ԽԽ
1
˵۸ʱȫסˣͲиԼġ
˺Ƭ֮˵⡭ΪΣ1ļ۸񣬲͵ڰ𣿡
ЦЦ˵ǰͣС׸Ե1ļ۸100ļ۸񣬲ûС㲻ʺ׸裬Ȼ1000Ҳ
󣬳Ĭ˺һ֮󣬲̾һ˵ȣȻҲԶԶ磬
һЦ˵ĪҪ˵Уֻǲ31Ǯѡ
ЦЦȻᵱΪ˵ѣиǸп
ֻǸпȴ̫ڼһѣΣҸ̫ͻȻȫˡ
һ֮󣬰ݻһЩȻȻЩκ֪Ӧʲôˡ
ľһȻ˵ллΣ֪֮ݽһǡ
ЦС㲻ظлң˵ҪĻǣΪǳʺϳһ׸裬Լ׷ԵӦøлԼ
иǸм˵ʲôȴڰ֣˵С㲻˵ˣԸҰȨˡ
һ֮󣬲ŷӦæЩ֣һ1ĳƱ
ƱЩ壬ò˫֣СȫעģƱϵչƽȻߵĸǰ˫ֽе1Ʊǳĵݸ
ʱȻһƬѣΣһ㡣
ŰݣʮҵͣȻȲŮҲѵõŮˡ
Ȼ˵ͷֽӹݵݸģЩͬѰ1Ʊ
ƱźãȻЦˣС㣬ǵĽˣ飬ѾиˣֱӺ̸Ϳˡ
ȻУԲܹЧ֯ԣֻܲϵıʾм
ֱʱһĸǣų׵ѹʵҲͬһֻԶûаذˡ
ֻȡ1İȨѣ
Ȼոյ飬׶ţȻأЩš
ֱ˫Ľɣһڸǲȷţһжġ
ип֣ȷͨˣͬʱҲ԰ݣĽ֡
ڼʧ֮࣬Ҳ۷һ˵ֳ֮ΪֵһˣԵĵ֮
ЦЦ˵СˣֵһˣҾơҲҺʹС֮䣬ԺкĻᡣ
жʱѣæ˵ǣл
ڰֶ֣˵Ͱˡ
Цˣҷǳҡ
һαʾ˸л֮ݡȣԼһڸǵ
㶨ˣȻҪˡ
飬簲ʲôʱʽƳ׸֮ģѾȫиȥˡ
顢ءӨŮһ߳Эİ칫¥ضʵʵǲǿǸݵŮӳƯֻ˼1ģ
ЦЦصԴϲһ£˵ȷƯȴԶԶȲǡ
صǵȻǲǾ÷ǳҸ
ȷҸ߰ɣȥСѾͷ¶ϣѾѧؼˣȻҸط档
ֹ֪

뿪֮󣬴ȺһڸҲ뿪
˹޼СȨ1ļ۸˸ְݵ飬ҲǴϡ
ڶĳƬֹ˾Ǹ֣ԼǣһֱڵȴĽ
˷ǳ棬ջѰȨ˭ܹǮ
ϴ֮󣬸տʼûš
ѰȨһλ˸֣пܣֻҪǸ˸Ǯֻ1̫˰ɡ
ܵ
ֱԼĸ罻ƽ̨ԼЭĹٷվԹؽ֮
˲Ųòţ龹ȻģȻֻ1
ڹͬʱҲѹΪϸһ飬ϴ֮󣬶ʱѵļۡ
У˳ѣԵ1ԵǧԵˣ
˷ֻ1ԭҲǸݵĸ֣÷ǳƯ˽ʲôס
˳Ц̫ɵˣгƬ˾100Ȼֻ1
˵ֻ1ʵΪ˳ҲǼʮһġĿģȻҲﵽˣڶ
˵׸費ôԶû˵ôţ˼߼ۣԺ˵ڶ⳴Լĸֻ1תƴҵע
˶ʾмҲ׸ôΪһС˹Сĸ1ļ۸񣬰ѷȨСһλֵ֣ÿһλ˸м
в٣ܶƺЩ
ʲô¼ѾԽԽ𱬣ԽԽ˵Ĺע


һǧʮһ ̽С˵
۷׷ףƬֹ˾ĸҲͬۡ
˹Цʮһֻ1ǼһԴ·˰ɡ
ЦֹҿǼһڹѣ˵ǰݳ÷ǳƯ˭֪˽ûʲôף
ƺһʲôԭֻ1һԿ϶Ǳ׸һû˵ôţҾͷˡ
ֻһ˷ˣгƬֹ˾ˣˡ
׸û˵ôţ˵ǲûдʲôһͨĺøѣһƬֹ˾˵Ͳֵһᡣ
Ƭֹ˾˷ˣЩһߵǸǣҲˡ
Ҳܹ϶׸ֻһͨĺøˣǾνˡ
ֻܶңǽûȥ
Ȼȥ˵Ļǰһˣǻʮʮһͨĺø裬ǲֵõġ
ΨֳЩ֣޵ź̾ϢǸݵĸĽּʡ
֪ݵʹ˾ͽֱͬϱĸ֡

ĸûȥ顢ءӨŮصµļСѾͷ¶ˣԹ֮ȥһЩط档
ȻǳĿģСѾͷ¶ˣһ·ߴߴûͣ
10ʱ򣬼˻˾ƵϢĴ磬Ͼٰ̽С˵ˣҪȥμӡ
̽С˵ܻӭС˵֮һڶ̽С˵ԣ̽С˵ڣһ̽С˵ǣȻǳڴ
ϣ˷ܵ۷׷ס
ڴôʱ䣬ǵˣ֪춼Щ̽С˵һϯ
˹Ѿȷϯ˵˹죬ֳ飬ʵ̫ڴˡ
ǵģֻ˹˵кüλϯңֳԼ飬˵Իһӡ
ϧҲ˶سǣ޷ȥֳź
ѣûйϵȥֳʱʲôţһһʱ䣬ϸߴҵġ
̫ˣѣôˡ


һҹ޻ڶ죬120š
峿СѾͷȻ¶ȥѧŮͽһ𣬸̽С˵ֳ
ֳĲԶع㳡һ˵ʱʱ8롣
ʱֳûʽţѾΧ˲ٵˣĻվ˽˵Ц
ӣӦöμС˵ڵ̽С˵ǡ
ǺЦӣ˻ǳѽ
ͬЦǵģҪ֪ڵ̽С˵ǷǳܻӭģȽȥŵӵʱ򣬻ʽС˵ǿš
ͷ˽뵽֮С
ո߽ЦӭڰԣӣҲЦ
λС㣬Ϻã
ЦϺã
ֵλѣ֪Ҫ֮ѾǳȲҪˡ
ò£еλѣλˡ
˵ݣҲ²һĸ÷ɭ˳ǳĸ˵
÷ɭˣǳϲĺкҲͬǳڴܹк
ʾлĻȻԸҳ
ý¡ࡢ÷ɭ˸ȥæŮ߿Ϳˡ
˸˵Ǹ֮󣬱뿪ˣΪ췽˵ȷҪ
뿪֮Ůµģʼιֲֳá
ֳû̽ǿţټֳ棬йԱ׼
ֳģһʱ̨̨ķΣ߳ʮ׵ӣ̨ǰĵϣһĺ̺
Ϊϯ̽С˵ңֻ߼α볡ʱõġ
ֻȥǺ̺һ͵ˣ͵ôȥߺ̺أ
̨ܣһЩ롰̽С˵ԪйصĲãԼϷ
Ů߱߿ΪȤ
˵֪λǶά˹Ͽѧң᲻
֪ǲ٣ˣҲδܹ
ЦֻҪˣҾӦܹ
ӨȷӦܹһλʮˣȺлǷǳ۵ġ
⻰ȷûд顢ضŮԵ˵ͷ
ȴǲ֪˼ǣλ˼ȺۣСæ
κˣκֻҪСĸ֪ΧڣһᱻС䷢ֵġ
Сʱʱܿȥŵʱ򣬻ֳʽ̽С˵ǿš
̽С˵ǣڴ˷ܵӿ˻ֳ



һǧʮ ˼ҵ̽ͷ
̽С˵ǿʼֳ˲ֺġ
Ҳֳеգ̽С˵ǽ֮Ҫ̨
顢ءӨŮҲ뵽Ⱥ֮С
ŮҲʼϸȺҪһλ˼ҵû
ȴǲû⣬Ϊ֪λ˼ڻû
ʮ֮СԺ𣬡ˣλ˼Ѿˣ׼Ӷڴȥֳ
ˡԵ˵ͷλ˼ңԵ塣
ɫĶŮ˵ȥǱ߿
ڵġǱߡȻǶڴֻûиŮλ˼ھ
ŮȻڴȥ
쵽ڴʱϲ˵λ˼һˣǿǱߡ
˳ָķŮȻλϤˣҲһϲǶˣҲͬǳľء
Ůߵ˵ǰ΢΢Ц˼ңϺãû뵽ּˡ
ȻѾСĿӲʣȻҲǳãһ۱ϳǰ֮ˣǰԼģǸԻˣԼŮӡ
Цˣʵ˵㣬ҷǳ⡣
ȴ˵ȻȴһҲ⣬Ƕά˹
Ŷ˼ЩȣȻ֪֣˺һһ˼ӡ
ͻȻ˼ˬһЦ˵ˣȻ֪ҵ֣ôΪʲôҲˣ
һЦ˵˼ҵ߼˼άƶȻǿ˼ȥд̽С˵Ļһһλǳ̽С˵ҡֻǣֻ˼ĪҪᣬǰҳơ
Ȼ˼˵һ
ֻǣ顢ءӨŮȴһԺ벻ףΪʲô˼֮Ҳ³֣
غʵ˼ңôֵ֪ģ
˼ҺǺЦⲻѲ²⣬֪ҵֳ֣ôҵ־ͺпܣɣ³Ľ¸˵ģΪĴĸ棬ֻн֪ҵ֣˵˺ͽӦñȽϤ
ôڻһλˣϤأ׾ܹ뵽ϵƷΪкϵĹϵУҲ̽С˵ߵݣһXǳܻӭټһֱ̽Ҫ³ݾͼˡ
˼˵꣬ŮǻȻ˼һ˵Ҫ³ݣȷѡ
Ȼ˼˵ԭ֮
Ц˼ңǰô࣬һ㣬صɣ
һʲôһֱ̽
Ů뵽ȫЩݸ˼һЩͯء
˼ˬһЦ˵һȻҪģˣô˼û̽ͷԣ
ˣΪݣͦߣ180֣ѾʮȴδձϸӥǺۣ򦷽ͻ˸оǳĻ
˵̽˻š
˵˼ҵòȷ̽ͷԣ´д̽С˵Ļ˵˼ҵòΪԭˡ
ʮָ˵˵Ǵ۹ǲ׼׼ʲôʱʼдһ̽͵С˵
˵ɣҲ죬Ҳ֪ʲôʱ򣿡
˵Ҳ죿ô˵һ̽С˵Ѿ˼ˣ
ûУҿңһС˵ʾдҪǰ˼
˵˵Ҳǣ̽ͷӦ֮¡

ˣ
һһһһԴޣ˵ľ͸һ
顢ءӨŮں棬ֻεҡͷ
˵ľ״̬ܼѣŮľο

ʱȥʮʱһλ˳̨ϣýҲѾ˲٣ֳǹڶ׼˺̺
ϯ̽С˵Լαǣߺ̨̺ǿʼһ̽С˵ǣҲѾ̨Լ̺ܣΧ˸ˮйͨ
ŮԼ˼ңҲΧ۵ȺС
˼˵ˣ㲻ȥһǺ̺
˼ң͵һҵ׼ߺ̺ô飬Ȼʺҡ
˼ҵͷţ˾Ӧõ͵һЩ
˵ʱĽ£һλαѾ˺̺Эϯ˹
˹̬΢ЦýеʼͣΧ۵̽С˵ǣҲĻ
ڰ˹֮αϺ̺



һǧʮ л
ֳαǣ½ֳ̨̺ͨսﵽ˵һ߳
һʮλҳϯаļλ̽С˵ңңҲС
ЩҵУҪ˹ܹƵǣ̽С˵ˡ
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⵹ֳ̬ǣûʲôҪཻĵط
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Դˣ˵ʲô˵ٶҲá
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󣬾һ飬ڰĿ˹档
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÷ɭҲûʧΪ˵ˣһϵй£һ¹·Уǵĳ

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ͽ¡ࡢǶά˹ˣһԹ緹֮ʹŮˡ
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׼27Ƴ£Ħ˹̽ʼ£Ѫֵо͡ǩ
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ǩͬϵУĹ֮һǰ1890һƳȡ˼ĳɹ
ƷѾ㹻츣Ħ˹ȫˡ



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Ʒӽ20֣˵СʱʱҲ͹ˡ
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ȻŮСѾͷͲզôˣǵðӵɳɡ
ʱԽԽŮСѾͷѾ˯ˡ
ֹ˼Сʱ˵ڶ賿һʱڽƷȫ˳
ļãֻҪ֮ʼʽͿˡ
Ϊʲôھͷ࣬ȻΪֵܱ̫ھˡ
һʱͰƷ׼ˣҲ̫ˡ

һҹ޻ת۱㵽˵ڶϡ
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˽ȥĵط˶سܱߵģһЩֵȥһĵط
棬һϢ顣
10㣬ЭϯԼ˵罻ƽ̨ԼЭͬʱһϢ
ɸְݳģƷ˹޼Сں죬Ҳ12310㣬ʽ½ᰮӭҵʱǰ
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ʵϣǸƬֹ˾ĸˣڶһߵǸֻ֣ǴѣǳҪ˹޼С׸衣
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ѾȲҪ֤Լжȷˡ
ЩֳĹǣƲס˷ܺͼô죬ܹһǹϡԶ˵ĸҥˡ
ЩΪֻһͨøˣЦֹЩû۹ļһֻһͨĺø裿Ǻ֮Ǿͻ֣ᷢԼ뷨ǶôĿЦ
Ǻڴһ̵ĵ

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󣬵һЦ˵ӦҸлִǲǡ
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ԭҲָоһΪҵĴأûյȷое֣һźѹ֡
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Ԫҡҡͷ̾ɻ־磬Σһ죬һ֡桯Σ
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ҲԼ۾ǾȻڡ
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ԣ֮ǰСıŵģһЩЦ־˳ͬ˹˸顣
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Բģ֮ǰΪ־ͦģȴ˭֪Ȼɳˣ񹲷ߵ飡ǿһСŮ־Ǹôµȥְ군һҪǸǧУ
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Ψһİ취ùӹ޸ڣڸˡ군ΪԼĳа˽ȺǵСŮ
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ҹƾˣǿǸڵʱûмˣһҪŽƣֱӹ޸Ǹ֮󣬲żݡ
ԣҪŽУӦǽһˣڻкܶˣûȥ־ȥ־·ϣҪȥֹǼ־һǲҪϵһڵġЦ־ȥ
⣬ô죬Ҷжĸͤ־ȥĸֹͤ꣬Щ빺־ˡ
ãжҪ죬ǵٶԽ죬ϵ˾ͻԽ١
һǳҪ飬ʡʡǵȥЦ־һ棬ôõġЦ־ȴһֱûȥЦ־磬ʵЩʧˡ
ٺ٣˵ĲҲȥЦ־һ棬ǾԼһȥɣ˶

ȫصһ졶¡½ڵˣʼ˵ơ¡ƹӹĵһжֹ˹Ц־
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ǵҲżЦ־ĻԴ㹻ǲ־ᱻϡ
һȥ򣬾һȥɣÿԶһڴĹ̡

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С㳡ϣʱ֯һĸߴĸߴһСС
֮ǰһʡǵǣѸٵЦ־ڵģϿС㳡ϼϡ
Ҳȥ׼ģȫͳһϣȫصõġ
ȫضһĺҪùӹˣǵͳһ;ġ
ڣʱھ;ۼǧˣһϵڸߴС˶ǳ⡣
˵ľۼٶȣ֪ӹһΣôжôķŭ
˲޸ڣ
ߴСˣŶڴЩٴеıǣЩЦЩ⡣
˵һεƷǳ㣬ҪľЧ
ȻҲҪȥ£ҪȥЦ־硣
Ҳ˵ΥģҲЦ־粻ǡ
ǲĲϲ¡ϲӹˡ
෴̫ϲ¡̫ϲӹˣǲŲӹŲӹˣֻǵġ¡
ۼֻΪ˱ǵ̬ȣùӹ˿ǵķŭҪӹѹùӹ޸ڶѡ
Ѿ1000ˣѾ㹻ƣʼжˡ
жĹУٲϵļͺˡ
ȶ׼𣿡ߴʵ
׼ˣһʮǴʵģԹ󡣡Ⱥ˴
գɵòһ飬ôˣֱӺ췭ظŹӹ˲޸ڡߴ˵
жʽʼ1000ˣһʮʵȣźšӹСŮס־ʿȥƹӹٿӹκƷȵƺƵڶȥ
ºһڱһ
һһ£˵ǹˣô죿
ºǳô죿ҪǽӣҪ£ǲģҲưˡ
ãһڱֻƲ㡣
Ҫ֪1000˺ƺƵǵѹǷǳģ˭֪ЩͷԵļһ᲻
Ļʮˣʽᱻɱ
¿һȺ﷢ıҲֻεҡҡͷֻǱֲսʿҪ̫ࡣ
ԸЩһﲻɣȻĵֵס
ȵһȺ߽²òǰȥ˵λѣǵķŭȫ⡣ʵϣҲǳϲ¡ǳϲСŮǸڣһǳĲˬǣӹȻдˣǾһĵǺαء
ߴ˵λͬ־˵ĻȫţģǲǴµģֻϣӹܹǸ޸ĵܹӹжǿɣǶڡ룬ͬ־ʵҲϣӹܹĵǸڰɣ
ԷƺǱȽǵģºһڱһ˵ҵȻҲȷʵϣӹ޸ĵǸڡǣӦҲ֪ƾӹĵλ־ʩѹûõġ־ܹùӹ޸ǸڵĻڳ֮ǰùӹ޸ˣ
ߴͷͬ־ףǲҪ־ʩѹҪӹʩѹǽһֱֱӹ΢ϳŵԸ޸Ϊֹ
µǵɣȨ棬ǣϣǲҪӵС
ߴһԥ˵ԣֲҪȥǵ־磬ֻҪڳһ̬ȣⲢ޲𡣡
ºһڱǣٴһֻҪһ˲ǿнӣôڣ˵Ҳν
µͷǳлҵ⣬ֻҪǲӣҲʡ
ߴͷתһȺ˵ֵǣٴκΪˡ¡ΪǵСŮ
ãһȺӦ᳤磡



һǧʮ ɿ
һȺŭԣֻϿежûǿнڡ
Ц־ԱǣȫһһΪǵģûҪ־˼
糤칫ҡ
ԪΰҶҲ΢΢һֻҪǲֳʲôͺá
Ҷ˵糤ܱ࣬һǵƵĹģǳ󣬳Ͽڴ֮⣬ʡ౨ͤ۵㣬Ҳơ
һߵƣһȰЩ־ˣǲҪһڵġЦ˵һڵġЦо綾áЩ־ˣڵ֪ʲôľ綾֮󣬼˹˷ŭȥҲֱӾͼ˵ƵĶ飬ʹõƶԽԽӴ
ңȫضͳһŲĿںţƺƴһڵ־ۣܵǳӰ죬ڿʼһڵ־Ǻȥˡǡϰܹ΢ϹŵԸ޸һڡ
Ԫ͹ΰͬʱЦһ֪ǲܻ޸ڵġ
Ԫҡͷϰ޸ͲҪˣϰ϶ǲ޸ĵġһڵ־۲ȥνһڿ˵ֵһᡣңЩ־δؾȥˡ
ŶҶɻ糤˼ǣ
ԪЦЦ˵ȻƵʱ䶨Ȼ̫һ졢졢ҲȥˣȻǻһЩȥġ
Ȼ˲̫࣬۵϶˻شģûȥ־Ҳûйϵ˻֮ÿⷿСı档֮ǶȫȥģüӡΪһƺвٵԣ־˺˻ˣһ죬ڶιġ
ΰҲ˵һδҵķӦ֮ôңΪ̫ϲ¡̫ϲСŮˣν֮֮ȻһֱȥһεġޡˣǶȻ¡ģǲܷ¡ӲܷϰƷġ
Ҷֵͷ˵ȷˣһ粨վȥġֻǣһεĶֵ̫ЩýǲܷŹδŵģʱپһЩ˵ɿǻ࣬ϰۡ
Ԫͷǿ϶еģûйϵܳʲôۣϰ˵κεӰ졣
Ҷֵͷֵ⵹ҲǣϰϾͨˡ糤ϿԽԽ࣬ҪҪȥ˵ʲôһЩԡ
ԪƬ̣ʹΰСˣΪأ
ΰǾǵ־ۼ־ܲ˵ĻȷЩ˵ȥߣǶѾ˲٣ǵȷҪһ̬ҺСֹȥһ£˵ʲôһЩԣҲ˳ӦһЩߡ
ԪҲãȥɡ
ΰͷվҶһ߳糤칫ҡ

ȫصĵжң֮ǰҶ˵һ㣬ȫرͤģƶԽԽ׳
໹ûüȥͤ־ԣҲѾ֪ص顣
Ǵ󾪣Ҳͬ棬һЩɣǼҴҵıͤȷȷΪ֮Ҫô߶ȥҪô뵽ƵĶ鵱С
ʹõƵĶӴ󣬺ܶط˵صľ衣
ڴҽֻԵƣûʲô飬ǵֻ֮Ҳ֮󣬱뿪ˡ
һС˵һڣȫأ˴ģжӹ͡¡Ӱɴ˿ɼһߡ
˾Ӱǹڹӹ¼ٵһýķ񱨵
ʵϣý壬Ѿŷһ˽˴¼ϸǰһͤǵĵƵвɷá
ý޲˷쳣бţԿ
еý嵱УҪʡʡǵý˷ܡ
ΪǿԲɷõĶ󣬳˸֮ͤ⣬ǳҪĵط
Ц־總ĵȺЦ־磬ԼЦҡ
Ͽڡ
ΰҶֶʱ򣬹ȻĿý߼ųǹڣڶԵƵȺвɷá
ʱĵȺԹ㲻3000ˡ
ΰҶֶ˰զ࣬ٶȿǹֲģŶ೤ʱ䣬ʹʼ1000ˣӵڳ3000ˡ
һεĵж֯ģǴԶǰģ
Ϊʲôԭùӹдڣ
ǷΪӹдڣȫܹܲܣǹӹ͵һ֣
ǲǻΪڹӹѾȫûЩߣ
һ˴ģĵƣΪ˴ﵽһʲôĿģ
ǣһιӹܾ޸κڣǲҲ¡ҲҲӹƷˣ
ΪӹһλЭ𣿡
һεСŮ¼᲻Ӱ쵽ǣڡӢ۴ϲ
ǡ
ĸ⣬ΰҶֶֻǳĵۡ
ּߣʵ⣬ûһ⣬ɿģΨ²ҡ



һǧʮ ¼Ķ෽Ӱ
Ͽڡ
˶ߵʣۼڴ˵һǣԵ÷ǳ˷ܡ
һΪǵıǵƵӰɻ࣬ӹ޸ڵĿԣҲɻࡣ
ǻûнܹߵĲɷãͻȻô໰Ͳǣ˷֮࣬һš
˵
ǶԷģǾҪӹһڸĵ
ԣһڸĵһҪĵʵǲܽܡ
ӹģǾͼٿ¡ҲٿеƷ˵
ԣ˵ľͲ
ʲôԭ˭֪أǹӹΪԼĳа˽ɡ
ʲôԭֻҪӹǸ޸˾ͺá
ԣʲôԭأֻҪڸ˾ͺãӹһֱ޸ģǾһֱơ
˵ӹѾûЩߣӦòڰɡ

һԵĻش𣬺ԵҪһϣǾҪӹ޸һڡ
ӹԸ޸һڣһж˵
ΰҶֶǼȸֵۡ
˵ǣһǲûУǵʴ߽࣬˵˵ȥǾֻһҪѡ
۵ǡǡҲһҪһʵֵҪͲðˡ
ΰ򱣰ʹһɫ»⣬ߵȺǰ˵λѣѣǵĹΰܱҶˣлҪ˵
µĻˣԺмߵע⣬ΰҶһ߳ȺʾǾǹΰҶ֡
мǵ۾һǻһĿģҪɷЦ־磬ڹΰҶֵĳ֣ǵ⡣
ˢˢˢǹں֧Ͳ˲׼˹ΰҶֶˡ
ܱ࣬һ־磬һ¼Ŀôģ
ܱ࣬־һε飬ǲ׼Ԥ
Ҷ࣬οһε¼һε־磬ûʲôӰ죿
Ҷ࣬СŮ¼ΪӹдĿʲô
ܱ࣬˵־磬޷ԹӹƷԤҲ޷ùӹĸ壬𣿡

ں̵ܶʱڣ˶⣬ΰҶֶһЦ
󣬹ΰ˵λѣڹӹġ¡־糤ÿһλͨԱֻһߡԣҺҶˣֻһߵݣشǵ⡭
ѡԵĻشǵ֮󣬹ΰһ˵λѣǺһǡ¡ĶߡԣȫܹڵΪ
ʵϣҲźһ顣ǣŹӹд϶ĳĿģڻףţڽһŪ׵ġ
¡ľʣŸոսҿĻŹӹһᣬһǳʵĹ£һĽ桭
ΰһ˵˺֪ܶ࣬˵Щһڿ϶ȥ
ǣȵ侲֮𣬻ٻǻһЩõġ

Цҡ
ҵĴŴסֹţҪŲɷõһýǡ
ܷܷЩͷۣǸ׵ϰ壬һ¶ǲʡġ
Ľ㣬ҪҪȥ˵䣬ӦһЩߣ˵
ܷܷˣñסſڣҪǽͿˡ
õģĽ㣬ֻһЩǻұϰ岻Ӱ졣˵
ܷܷͷ˵û£㲻Ҳã˭ԼдģҲܱܹܲܣ̫
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⣬ҵǵϣЩܹӰһ£һдֻǣȻǲܵġ
̯ôһϰ壬ܷܷǳ޿κΡ
ͷܷܷ²ϰ壬ɲҡ

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ýıҲȿֺĳڴǰ
ذȫطͻȻͬʱ˴ߣֵƹӹƷ¡¼
ȫؼ屬ģԵơ¡ԭСŮʧ־
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СŮ¼˼ӹǷѾû˶ߣ
ۣӹдСŮ¼Ŀģʲô
СŮ¼
Ц־磺ڡ¡ȫԱֻǶߡ
СŮ¼Ӱ죬ڡЦ־
ӹܷܷܾӦСŮ¼
ӰСŮ¼ȫԼƣӹ͡¡Ӱɼһߣ


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Ƿ׷զ࣬ǹӹһС˵ڶѣȻܹ˴ģ¼
֪˴ģĵжǡǡ֤ˣӹ͡¡ӰǳøС˵ڶĽʡ
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ҲǱĶߣһ䡰񾭲֮󣬾ͰֱˣٿҲ÷ʲô޸ڣκεĲ
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˵ǵƣʵҪӹһ޸ĵ
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һС˵ڶߣȷԴ˴εСŮ¼Ľʲѡ
Ǿ룬ǵƷҲܹӰͺˡ
ҲڸԵȦŴ˴¼ԽۣԽǸп
˵ĿǰС˵صС˵ƷһƷ֣СŮ¼ڣӰܹʹ˴¼ȣ
ҿҲֻġӴ桷ˣҲֻа걻ʲô˲пܡ
ǰҲֻСӴ桷ˣһӹһĽּʰ

С˵ǶۣһǣȻ۵ļҡ
ӹվǹӹ䲻ܻһֻһδҲ̫˰ɣʲôڶд
ӹһκԵˣЩķŭˣӹ޸ģǻпܲٿ¡ˡ
Ժ֪ʱ䲻ٿ¡ǿ϶ġ
ô˵ӹЭ޸𣿡
ҿ˹Ʋ޸ġ
ҿҲᣬ˵һᣬǵ飬ٶߡ
ӹĲ޸ģ¡ڶʱڣԻʧȥĶߣ˾һҲÿϧ𣿡
ʧȥ߶˵ǺأֻҪȥͺãһĿ
ģҲΨйӹˣҶԹӹԽԽˡ

һǸпΣһ˿ϲǸ鶼С



һǧʮ һ
ʥ壬Եǰ
֣ࡢˣΪʲô֮ǰ˵ҪСŮ̻ʱǹҶֱֻĶˡ
ԭļƻУôһСŮڡ
ǡ
ʵѾ֪˵ʲôˣСӹСŮҪСĿ̻СĿ̻⵹ãСֱһըǳ֡
˼ңǸںѽܣοЩѪյСӣ
ҲҿҶԹӹϢ֪֮٣Ȼ˾ţһжߡɱġ
ڴҾһǾѾˡ
ͷ˵ͷۣͷۣͷۣҲҿСܵȥˡȻҪúõĽѵСһɡ֮ǰõľ棬СȴôһڣӶ߷һ벻ɡ֣˵Сӵôģ
֣˭֪أӦõȷӦʲôͶˡҪ̻һΣһĽŮɡ
̾Ҳֻˣ顢顢飡СһεˡҿڶʱڣǱЩߵˡ
֣ЦЦ˵ǵûйϵϾĵλѾˣʱһ;һɣЩһȫġϾǡ¡ջ󣬼ڿѾô
ˣСӲģʡ÷ģߣ֣ȥ
֣Ҳգȥ

ʱѧί칫ҡ
Щε˵裬˵ȥѹӹСӵģС˵ջԲһεİ佱ŶãСӾôһڣⲻô
貨ҿУСֻԼдҲЩˣܹܲܣ
ǳͬĵͷֺȻһЦЩ˵ӹʱѧĻߣ⶯ȫ𶯣ЩߣɺѸĶţ⡣
貨˵仯Ҳ̫˰ɣ⻰ûë
ǵȻ

־硣
һ֪̾ΪʲôȲӹˣСŮڣҲд˼ҹӹҾдˣǹǶܹܲܣ
˵ֹ㲻дҿе棬Ҳ͹ӹдһΣҶЩ޷ˡҲѹϣô಻гˣҵ
˵Ǻ¡ҶԹӹ˽⣬ȻдˣǾһ޸ġʱڣ¡ʧȥĶߣǿ϶ˣ㷢һѻᡣ
һͷԭȡ¡֮ٷģڿǲˣȷһѵĻᡣ࣬ھͿʼôһ־ʽʼأѾ׼ˡ
ͷԣҹץסλᣬ߲٣ҪٵľɲС
һһЦ˵ģ˹ӹκҶ塣
ͷʱһţ֮ǰѹӹѹȥţѾͬһεʧܣһѾԵĳɳˡ
һûй⡣

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µ˵ûǹӹһ޶ĹӹӹһκԵģЩˣϺˡ
ңһЩԺڹӹۣõ˴Ե֧֣ӹɱԵڣҲû˭ˡ
Ҷ˵һ¼˷ܵˣӦþһ˰ɡ

ҶеһߣȻָΪΪ׵һˡ
ǿ½УСŮʧһʱͻȻüΪ˷ܡ
˵һͻľ޴ϲ
֪ǳ֣ӹѾ鷳ˣǴ鷳١¡һƷˡ
٣ӹڶдҶò˸п
ĺӹдɱԵڡ
˷ܵĵȴţǷŭı֪һȵġ
ʵȻˣǲûеȴãȫصĵж㼯屬ڡ
£̵סȥƲһ
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ЩһðѸٵõ˲ǵָ֧֣ΪǸӵ˷ܡ
Ϻ˹ӹΣõĴ
ǸоûˬϴȻӵĻ졣
֮һЩýıҲ۵Ĳࡣ
ǸӾ˷ܣоһκڹӹֱǴ顣
ͻȻоԼǳгɾͣȻҲӵĿ϶ӹġ¡һˡ


һǧʮ ϣ
ʱ䣬ʱңԶҲӭ峿ĵһ⡣
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ϸһ֮󣬲֪дһŭԹڡ
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˵꣬Ͻת·ɲмŮ˵СŮ¼
СŮ¼Ҳ밡˭ǰĽӹүӾɵء
ڵźǵķӦ֮ǰҲˣΪ׼黹Ƿǳƽġ
ȫصǷӦǿңֻ˵Ҷԡ¡СŮǳϲ
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ԴˣǳοҲеǳıǸСŮ¼ڣȻ޸ġ
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ڹڵĵ¼ǵǲεģ֪һվȥġ
Ȼ֮ǰӹҲȻ֮ǰĹӹ

뿪˶سǡ
ˣ֮⣬Ůȥݷˣλ⼸ʶѣǵ
ưɵϰ£˽221bŵ˼Ƕά˹Эϯּҿ˹˹ĸ˰ȵȡ
˶Ҫ뿪˶سǣеЩᣬȥʥһ£ȻĴӦʾһǰȥ߶š
⣬˶127췢е̽С˵Ҳǳڴ
˼Ƕά˹ǲС˵òΪԭ͵ء
ʾһС˵һʧ
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⣬ȥ˽221b˼ҵʱץס˼ڲ֪£һռȪ
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ɫʱ򣬸زμӵжǽɢȥһʱ䣬ķŭƺѾһЩ
Ҳ½ˣôҼ濴
ڸղţҴˡЦѺڿˣСŮȥ̤ѰСŮ·̣·;ˣʱй½˫о»ڱԽԽʣҾôһǿԼ濴ġ
ҵʱķŭûдǿңֻǰݺݵĲ˼ţû˺飬ҲûյԣҸոҲѺڿˣȷԽԽʣǸҲҿԼ濴
ʵɣҲѺ濴ˣֻ֮ǰôŭû˵𹫷ߡڼȻ˵ˣҲˣʵһǿ濴ġ

Ȼ࣬ѾһЩ
ʵϣеԣôǿҵķŭвٵԣڷŭ֮ѡ濴
ֻ֮ǰû˵ЩǿҷŭǵĹߡ
ڣ½ϷˣǲϣҴ¡ĺƷ
ЩǿҷŭˣЩ֮˳ԥԴ˵ķӦɻǺܼǿҡ
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׸赮Ḷ́1Ȩ¼Ҳϲ
ʣڲ֮ǶΪ档
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ȴûιע顢ءӨŮСѾͷѾļС
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ֹһԽԽ˷ܣһĶ꡶ѪֵоѾ˷ܵҪЦ
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ȻҲͬһµ̽С˵У̽ȴãҲڴ
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ҲǣˣҲûڴ飬ֻ˹ˡ

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ɼе궼ѡѪɫ˽򣬶Ħ˹̽ĳΪġ
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ҲԤϣȣҲżֻ֪ʱġ
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ȻҲͬԭжԸĦ˹ò̻
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Ħ˹̽ȻĿǰ۲ôҲʽһЩ̽ǣΪָԭѡ򣬾֮ǰǸСһ㡣
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µıһ߰꣬ǶԴ˲֣ܶ̽С˵ѡϸΪ
ֻǣⲿƷƺԡҡΪǵĵһ˳д΢һüǻǸϲ˳ƵƷ
ȻȻЩüû˷ѡ˼濴
ſţǲ۾һǷ֣ⲿƷ׫дǶƺЩ⣬Ǹġҡƺǣƺˡ
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ǸһĦ˹С˹̹ĿУĦ˹һЩŹֵļһ
Ħ˹һԵͷĦ˹Ȼǡ



һǧʮ һ
Ħ˹ǹµǣһǼ濴
С˹̹˵ǸĦ˹ļһҵ˼÷ӣǼ۸ܹԼһסҲ˺һ⡣
ʾԸȥһǸĦ˹ļһʵĻԸ͸Ħ˹⡣
ǣС˹̹ŻһҽѧԺĻ˸Ħ˹
ʱĸĦ˹ΪһԼԵ÷ǳĸˡ
С˹̹ʶ֮󣬸Ħ˹ֻ˻һۣǳ϶˵ˣʲôط
ûеǳľȡ
С˹̹˵ǸĦ˹رĵط֮һܹ׵ĿĶ
Ħ˹ǧʼһѸٽе
еǱ˷ּǵжϹȻûдⲿĦ˹̽ƷȻһ򵥵Ʒ
ǸĦ˹˵̽Ħ˹һѾչֳĲѾץסǵģȲҪ¿
໥ʶһ֪֮󣬸Ħ˹˵ڱ˽ϣһԢʽķӣʺ˺⡣
Ȼͬ⣬Լõڶһȥӡ
ڶ죬һμ棬ȥ˱˽ϿӣĦ˹еĹԢʽķӣڱ˽ֵ221bš
֮󣬻ԷҲǳ⣬ס˱˽221bŹԢ
ദһʱ֮󣬻ԸĦ˹˷ǳŨȤ
ָĦ˹ĳЩ֪ʶḻľˣĳЩ֪ʶҲͬƣľˣһ֪
Ħ˹˵Ϊյ֪ʶǶõģЩûõ֪ʶȥգˣҲҪȥ
ΪΪһӵ޵ģӦðЩƷĶװȥ
Ħ˹ѧʶΧһ
ѧ֪ʶޡ
ѧ֪ʶޡ
ѧ֪ʶޡ
ѧ֪ʶǳ
ֲѧ֪ʶȫ棬ݹޣƼȴ֪֮꣬Զһ˽⣬ʵõ԰ѧȴһ֪
ѧ֪ʶƫʵãҲޡܹһ۷ֱͬʡ
ѧ֪ʶ
ѧ֪ʶ׼ȷϵͳ
ѧܹ㲩ƺԽһУһпֲ¼֪ϸ
СúܺãʹҲڵȭɷ棬гʵõ֪ʶ
ĸĦ˹һе棬ǶڸĦ˹ȤҲͬԽԽŨ
ʱǽƷĹ±ˡ
ôȻ̽С˵ǾһаһǶڼİڴ
ѾȲģҪһĸĦ˹νˣ
ǲûеȴãȻ˰
һ峿׶ؾ̽ɭ븣Ħ˹һɱ
ӷ˹ٻ԰ţһ˾סķ룬˺ۣڴƬϵ֪׶׹ˡ
Ħ˹뻪һȥ˳µص㣬µص֮󣬸Ħ˹ûȥ鿴ʬ塣
ϸĹ۲ˣ˺ӣҲΪʲôõģ·ϵĳӡݵϵĽӡĻԼڵĲõȵȣȥʬ塣

Ħ˹ͨϸ΢Ĺ۲֮жϣǷ
ðǳɱɱֵ͡òϰԼְҵ
ߵͬ˹̹ѷҲˣǱͬһõ
پһЩежϣ˶ʱ򣬸Ħ˹ȴѾģ׽ֵϢ
Ħ˹ƣͶץס֣һλ򲨵ģ׹ĳ
֮󣬺ɱ˵ԭ
ţҲŮ¶磬Լ¶ԼɳĮбĦŽ̾𣬴ӴĦŽ
һ죬ĦŽ̵֪ͨԼŮ¶磬ĦŽ̳ϵĶ׶˹̹ѷ֮ѡһɷ򣬲һµĿʱ䡣
׶˹̹ѷѾ˺üӣԼԸԼŮ޸Ϊ檣˴ŸúӪǡ
ԶϻأľԼ¶硣
Ȼһ֮󣬺ȥԻȴĦŽѾ׷ǣɱԼ¶硣
ʹִ¶类׶ȥǿгףֻһ¾
Ӵˣ̤˸֮·
ˣ׶˹̹ѷһʮ׷𸴳Ϸ
˶سȺɹģɱ׶˹̹ѷ
ʱĺҲѾزڱץ֮󣬾Ϊ˼

һǳ׵ģ֮С
ϵı鲻ͣı任ţɻ󡢲⡢ü˼ȡšȻȵȣ൱ķḻʡ
˺þúþ֮ڽ꣬ҲһѪֵоƷ
֮еǶȫھϲ˷𺳵С
ӣ˷룬˸Ħ˹ļƣӶͶĦ˹ץסʱ˶С
׸Ħ˹ץסǸˣΪʲô֣Ħ˹ֵ֪ģ
ġˡȰƷгֵģ˸Ħ˹֮ɫҲпǡ
󣬸Ħ˹Լ̣һһϸ˽֮ͣŻȻ
ʱ˲ףЩǿǷǳ΢ĺۼڸĦ˹ȴǷֶַεĹؼ
Ħ˹ǿĹ۲߼ڰеõ쾡µ֡
еǣ࣬Լʶ˸Ħ˹Щϸ΢Ĺ۲죬֮󣬶ڸĦ˹ͻȻʮֵϲͳݡ



һǧʮ ׼ףһ
ֻһѾǣԸĦ˹ͻȻʮֵϲͳݡ
֪滹һ˵һǩƷ
һһдƷȻڷǳȲģҪһƷǷǳĸĦ˹ưǿס˼ĳ嶯
ΪһҪ飬ҪȥǱǸȫе̽ǣƷĦ˹̽һƷ
֪ѾˣڿĦ˹̽ˣǳ٣̽ǣûйⲿƷ
ֻ˹ġѪɫȻҲֻˡѪɫ
ѪɫӦҲ㾫ʣԱȲϡĦ˹̽û̽Ħ˹
Щ̽ǣڶʶĦ˹Ǿһǳź顣
ǣǿԼ£ϡ
ϵҲԤĲ࣬еǹڣ˹ƷѪɫġ
̫ˣ˹Ʒ̫ˣһ꣬Ȼ÷ǳδ
˹ҹ̽С˵һˣⲿѪɫд̫ˣеʵ̫ˡ
ǵǸǳĹУѾ׵ϲϵǸˡ
ˣû˿Ħ˹̽
֪ûпȥʱҼûп򡶸Ħ˹̽룬Ӧûж˿ɣ
Ħ˹̽ÿ֪ÿȥ˷Ǹʱ䣿Ҫ֪ʱȥһÿƷһĥ˵顣

ϾĦ˹̽ǣ̾ϢһȺ޴ļһ
ˣŴͬΪ̽С˵ԵķϣͽĦ˹Ƽʶɡ
ʶĦ˹𣿡
Ħ˹ǲƷʲô˼֮Ϊ
Ҽǵ֮ǰҲ֮ΪĦ˹˵ѣС˵鹹֮ΪԼѣϷ̫ˡòǿˡĦ˹̽ɣȻҲһϷ̫ˣ
Ϸ̫Ҳɣܹڱ˽ϣ˸Ħ˹Ը뵽иĦ˹ǳϷ
ޣ⻰ʲô˼
ҲȥˣĦ˹̽ͻҵ˼ˡ
ޣȵȣѣ˼ǡĦ˹̽ܺÿ
ǺÿǺÿЩֲϷϷ⣬ˣҾ˵ˣһüȥҸĦ˹Ҫ֪滹һӣڵŸĦ˹ȥأʵ̫ˣ
ǣǸѣ㵹ǰѻ˵߰
ѣѣˣ
ӵȷˣɶ˼Ħ˹̽ǳÿ
òаɣƺܡ
ȻˣʲôݣҪУǰһ̽С˵Ʒ֪ǿϧȻȥҲü
ǿȥһĦ˹̽ɣʶһ¸Ħ˹Ȼ̫źˡ

ʼǸ֮̽½һЩƵ
Ȼ࣬ȴô̽ɵˡ
ʲô˼һ̽С˵ƷʶĦ˹ǳź
ġĦ˹̽ĺܺÿ
Щʳڴ̽ǵԺȻȻмһˣҲЩԥˡ
ҪȥһѪɫѾˣͿһĦ˹̽ɡ
ȥĻǣҲʧһЩǮ
ʱ֣򡶸Ħ˹̽ˣĵĲࡣ

˹ϲˣġѪɫҪͻ20ˡʵ˷ǳĽ
һ̽С˵ҵĽȺһ̽С˵ǣ˹ʾףء
Ǵõļʱͳ졶Ѫɫпܻͻ20ᡣ
һ̽С˵ǷǳĽ
ġĦ˹̽˶ٲˣ
ĿǰݿӦǧӣ쵹Ҳпͻһᡣ
һһͨ˵ҲǲˣĻǶ;ԶˡǺ˹20ںṆ̀óȥˡ̹
ǰ̹ѾȲģҪˣ֪ýǶαڴ
˹ҪףһС
Ȼû⣬ͽϰɣҳԷ
˹ⲻǾͽϣ¶ȷӦúúõףһ
Ǿǽףɡ

һ̽С˵ǣףһ
һף˹ġѪɫףڣںṆ̀ĳˡ



һǧʮ ǩ
˽221bŹԢ
Ƕά˹һϣһĦ˹̽ŷϺΪƵĸĦ˹񣬾ʱԼһ
ѾѪֵо͡ǩ¿ꡣ
ʱȻϣȴһȵȼա
ȼյĻ棬оԼƺ˼ʮһ㣬ʹĸɾ
ȻǶά˹ֻ֪һִ
⼸ʱ䣬Ƕά˹ĸоԼƺ࣬ͽʵ壬ƺøӵĽʡ
Ƕά˹֪ʵΪһĿռȪԭ򣬵øӵĽʣȴǳ˷ܡ
Ϊ֪ⶰ˽221bŹԢӴ֮󣬾ͽϵӭĿˡ
ǽݷãס̽Ħ˹
ﵱȻиĦ˹ȴǶά˹
ң̻ĸĦ˹òΪԭͣһĦ˹廭ߡ˷ơ
ʱǸĦ˹
뵽Ƕά˹ǳ˷ܺ⣬ϲ̽С˵ҲһֱԼһ̽ĴԣЩ̽С˵еǲ
һͽλ鹹ģ̽Ħ˹ӵơ
ΪˣǶά˹÷ǳ˼Щͯڼķÿͣǳڴ

ʱֿʼǰ򡶸Ħ˹̽ĿˣϢࡣ
ĳꡣ
ϰ壬ġĦ˹̽껹𣿡һݸ߹˿ʵƺЩ
аǱߵϡϰ
ûаϰ壬ǲطУϽһҡݸ߹˿˵ƺӵĽ
ûУϰɻܵķȥȵķԭšĦ˹̽ĵطڿտҲûˡ
ӷϵģʮѾˣϰЩϲӻһЩ˻
ϰһλԱϽȥⷿѡĦ˹̽óϣ˳һλݸ߹˿͡
ȻԱȴش˵ﵽ500ᡶĦ˹̽Ѿȫˡ
Ѿȫˣϰһ㶣һϲ
ԭΪ500Ҫܳһʱأȴһʱ䲻Ѿˡ
ϰ׼ոյݸ߹˿˵Ǹ
ȴݸ߹˿˵һ֮󣬱ת˵ţҴҶȥ
ϰʱƺЩˡ
ԭΪҪܾõġĦ˹̽Ѿˣոյλ˿ͣһҪ򡶸Ħ˹̽
ѵǱܻӭ
ϰͷոת꣬һλ۾˿ʹҴ߽˴š
һţΪеʵϰ壬ġĦ˹̽𣿡
һǱĹ˿ͣϰӿ϶˸ղŵͷ
ֻѾ꣬ϰ岻ЩڣûжһЩǮҲ׬ˣơ
˼ѾȫˡϰǸģԸոս۾˿˵
۾˿һǳʧ˵һ䡰ȻתţͬҴҶȥ
ոյλ˿ͣƿ˹˿ǰѯʣûСĦ˹̽Ļ
֮󣬽ϵй˿ǰѯʣǷСĦ˹̽
֪Ѿȫ֮޲ǳʧĴҴתȥ
ֽһ˿ѯʣϰʵ̲סʵλѣһ£ڡĦ˹ܻ̽ӭ𣿡
˿ʹȻҲ֪ʲôʱʼģϹڸĦ˹ԽԽࡣ˵ʶĦ˹һּʧźΪҲôеҪ򡣺ˣϰˣһȥһ꿴
˵꣬˿ҲҴҶȥüһ꣬򲻵Ħ˹̽ϻ˯š
ʶĦ˹һּʧźϰﾪȲѣҴϣ׼
ӦȥġĦ˹̽ˡ

ϣոλ˿˵һڸĦ˹ԽԽࡣ
ЩֻǱԶһµ̬Ħ˹̽ˣһ֮ͬܿ͸Ħ˹ĸ԰Ρ
ڿ˵ڶǩ֮
˵ѪֵоǸĦ˹¶âǡǩͽĦ˹ĸ׵չ¶ɡ
ǰʱ򣬡ǩһƳͻ˼ĳɹ
ǸĦ˹ΪĿʼ
Ӱ쳤öԶ˸ζߵϲ
Ʒеıϸڣ뾭飬˿˿ۡиɻ߼Ƶһ¶˾̾ۡ
߿ϡⲿƷУ۲߼ľ޴ӵ˼¡
ǩҪ˵ǣ188777գһλĦ˹̹С㣬ǰ˽221bţݷøĦ˹ҪѰ󸣶Ħ˹İ
߸Ħ˹ĸСʱѾȥĸפ١
Ѿܶûмĸס
ĸٷ1878123գյһ⸸׵ĵ籨˵Ѿ˶صһùݣҪȥ
Ȼ켴ϵǼùݡҪŮž۵ʱȴùݵĵԱ֪ĸǰһ죬Ѿ뿪ûٷء
֮뾡취Ҳûҵס
ңһֱ֮ڣһֱûеõ׵κϢ
Уͬһŵսѣʧٵʱо;ס˶سǡ
1882428գĸʧ֮ȥ
ȥ֮ҲǴ188254տʼÿͬڣյһżֵ顣
188777գҲǽ죬յһţд֮ȥһҾԺ档
ҲݷøĦ˹ѰԭҪ󸣶Ħ˹ͻͬһͬȥ
Ϊſܺÿ궼յһżֵ鱦йء
Ħ˹ͻӦ
ϣһ֮Ħ˹˼д֮ˣд֮˽Ѷ˹ǰȥеĶӡ
ԭеص˶سǵʱ򣬴һƱҲƾһݲƱ˸ԣ
һƱУһӦĦ˹̹Ҳĸ׵ġ
ǰĸ׻ص˶سǣùס£֪ͨùݼ֮󣬾ȥеļУ׼ûԼһݲƱ
Ȼĸ׺ˣȴΪƱķִ˼ҵĹУĸͻȻಡ
ΪĳЩԭϢ
ֱǰ֮ʣŽԼӣ˵һݲƱһӦ׵ġ
ԼҵӦ׵һݲƱ
ֻǣѶ˹ͰѣûҵһݲƱֻһȦǰ˵׼͸ġ
Ѷ˹ȡ׼һһ顣
ÿ궼ͬһ죬յһԭ
һǰڷˣ˵һƱ
Ѷ˹˵ϣܹƱָһֲ֣Լ׵그µĴ
ңǱҲӦõġ
ЩԸ⣬ջǿͬˡ
ȻĦ˹Ѷ˹ˣѵסʱȴְѾöıɱƱҲѾʧ١
Ȼ󣬾һЩзӵ׷٣Ħ˹׷ϣץ˶ɱѣ˲Ʊ֣˹ï
Ȼ˹ïֵˣһصľܡ
˹ïפʿΪһЩеԭսʿһɱһλˣĲƱ
˹ïսʿĲƱĳһطȻΪɱ˱
ڹѺ˵кĸףʱפؼľ١
˹ï˴Э飬ܹĸѣĸԸһƽһƱ
ΪĻ˹ïرĵַˡ
кĸ֮󣬾ǰȥ˹ï˵Ĳرص鿴ƺвƱ
Ȼȥ֮󣬾ҲûлȥһһƱص˶سǣ˸ԣ
ˣһס
еص˶سǵʱΪʲôشĲƱ
ĸΪʲôȥзֲƱȵʣѾ˴𰸡
˹ï뷽跨֮󣬶ɱеĶӰѣ˲Ʊ
ȻΪ˸ԼûرӦڣ˲Ʊ

ǩĹһһ̽ǣ׳Ϊ˸Ħ˹ķ˿
Ħ˹ϲϵӡ
ϣΪһ̽С˵ߣʶĦ˹һǳź˵ԽԽࡣ
ЩԭĦ˹̽ˣҲסˡ
Ƿ׷ǰ꣬׼һĦ˹̽
Ȼʱǲŷ֣Ħ˹̽Ѿˣܶ궼Ѿϻˡ
ǲòһһܣϣܹһ֮ǰ

ʱ䵽ҹʱ֣Ħ˹̽һٶš
ᡢᡢʮᡢʮᡭ
˹硣
Ѿ°ʱ䣬ȴûм뿪ڵһϢ
֪ܿͻˡ
ȻִҴýİ칫ң˷ܵ˵ݲȫͳƣĦ˹̽ĿǰΪֹѾͻ˶ʮᡣңԼٶš



һǧʮ ޷õĴ
˹硣
ֵĻһҲĵͷ
֪Ħ˹̽һܹġ
֮˵ǵһӡ30ᣬĿǰƿпȫôڶӡˢٲ᣿
100ᡣ
100᣿Щȣ˵᲻Щ̫ˣ
ҡͷᣬᣬһĦ˹ӰԽԽΪĹ»ԶԶûн
һϲ˵˼ǣĦ˹Ĺ𣿡
ͷЦȷˣ١
ȷϣ˷ּ
һΪҲǸĦ˹ķ˿ȻϣĹڸĦ˹Ĺ¡
򣬰ŸĦ˹ԽԽ󣬡Ħ˹̽עԽԽߡ

˶ճǣĳƵĳһڡ
̽С˵һ˹һ̽С˵ǺȾƳԷ
ף˹ġѪɫڽпͻ20ᣬԼڽںģǵǸõˡ
˹ϲϲҾһ
˹һܹõһ̣ҪĹֳ͡üˣͬͬһ췢飬ҲġѪɫ˴ܵġ˹Ҳһ

һ̽С˵ǣֹάĻ˹֣ȻȴǫʵɣһεġĦ˹̽ûʲôвͻһᣬǻǽ췢飬Ҳͬ׵Ӯ
˹⻰ȻûҲȷܹӮǵ϶ﲻ20ᡣЧδࡣ
ûһ20ᣬֻǿĶԱȣܹ˸оӵˬ

һҵĹάٴ˹е⣬Ȼּǫ˼䡣
ʱ˹߽䣬ƳԷһңƺҪ˵ʲôƺ֪οڣһֹģ
˹ˣ˵˹Ҫ˵ʲô
˹ߵ˹ߣ˼䡣
˹ɫһ䣬˹ȷ㲻Ū
˹ҡͷǳǸ˹Ϣȷģд
˹ɫٱ䣬ȫŵ˵ôܣ޿ܣ
һǼ˹ˣȫЩɻ󲻽⣬һλʵ˹ʲô飿
˹ûлشϵɫԵЩʧǣƬ̣ͻȻվ˵λǽף͵ˣмұȥȷһ¡
˵꣬˹ֱת˰ţһǳżģ
һһҽס׼ȥĴ˹ʵ˹׷ʲô飿
˹ԥһ£֮˵ҸոյõϢĦ˹̽ѾԽ˹ġѪɫ
ôܣ˹ȷûŪһҷǳ𾪵˵
һǣҲͬһŵģ
ԤġĦ˹̽ôܳѪɫ
˹̾һ˵ҺܱǸλϢдҡңĿǰƿĦ˹̽ڽܿܳѪɫһء
⡭ôܣһɫ䡣
˹˵ֻ˹һʵϣȴһӮˣе̽С˵ҡ
һǺĴ̣޷ȥԽԽֻǸӵĲ
µǣһ˺õĻᣬ޷ȥһ̣ԺȥĻǻӵϼѡ
ǵ̬ܹı䣬ﳹ׵Ľܡ̽С˵ĵλ
һ̻ܹԳ
ֻǣпĻǵָţ
һͻȻȫɫЩףﻹʲô˼ȾƳԷ
˵ǣ뿪˰䡣
ȻǷǳĲģҲǳĲţҪȥͨԼ˽һʵʱ
ȻǱεĽҲûãǵõĴ𰸶һġ
ֹϰ˵㣬ݲȫͳƣĦ˹̽Ѿﵽ29ᡣ
ѪɫҲܸͬߣﵽ18ᡣ
ֻǣеģ̽С˵ϲݣʱȴԵΪķ̡
ʮһᡣ
һ̽С˵̾ϢһƬȻǿҵţҪҪȥһĦ˹̽
ʱǣѾϣЩڸĦ˹Ҳ֪ˡĦ˹̽ͻȻԭ
ǿҵʱҲԽԽڵ12㣬127һʽ
ʵʱʾĦ˹̽Ϊ30ᣬѪɫȻΪ18ᡣ



һǧʮ ллĿ
128ա
ʽˣһЩҪ鼮
УĦ˹̽Ϊ30ᣬѪɫΪ18ᡣ
ȻȻĦ˹̽30Ϊ˸עľԽ㣬֮ǰΪΪġѪɫȴֻܳΪǡ
˹ŭһȭǽϣԵ÷ǳĲģһ̽С˵ǣҲͬǳĲģʵˣٲģôأ
һ̽˵ǲ̫⣬һý˵ȴǼΪȡ
Ϊ֮ͨǰּ󿴣Ħ˹̽ӦΪŶԡ
ô˹ġѪɫӦõ򡶸Ħ˹̽Ŷԡ
Ϊˣǰ׼˸ҪΪ̽С˵һ˹ĳһ
ǵأȻڱ̽С˵˹
Ȼǵ֪Ʒʵ֮ڴ֮࣬òǰ׼õĸϣ׼һµĸڽı
֮ǰõģƷĦ˹̽ﵽ˵30ᡣ
˹ġѪɫﵽ18ᣬͬһʮֿµֻ֣ΡĦ˹̫̽ڲˡ
Ħ˹̽ҽͬסڱ˽221bŹԢһʱ䣬Ħ˹Ĵ
̸˹޼С֮ٴ漣̽Ħ˹ģ̽С˵ߡ
ҽܣĦ˹Ϊʲô֮󣿡

ڶý±˹֮ģһ̽С˵˷ܲѡ
ϲͳݵĸĦ˹Ȼͬ죬һʱ䣬ôýĴ
ı֮£ȻʹһЩ̽С˵ǣҲ˵Ħ˹Ĵ
һ̽С˵Ǹӵ˷ܣ鲻ϡ
ýǵĴϵ飬ƷᵽļطҲ̽ǵ׷
УȻԸĦ˹סĵط˽221bΪǻС˹̹ľưɣưɡ

ưɴ֮⣬ڽʱͻȻۼ˴ˣǲûнưɣǿžưɵ۷׷ףϵıǳܡ
ޣȻǿưɣǵ˶سȻһҾưɡ
ôûƭҰɣһҾưɡ֮ǰ·ʱ򿴵û뵽дˡĦ˹̽С
ҾưɵƺСֻǣȥôЩƲôá
٣ȥȷЩΪΪȥЩűѡУдС˵ġҪ֪Ħ˹̽Ĺ±ϸͣϸ;ʹ˵ľưɣڣȷӦЩˡ
һ˵ܣô˵ҾưɵȴΪưϰһλ
ô˵ҿԱ֤Ҿưɵ֮ͻᴫʱ⣬벻öѡ

ưڡ
һÿϰ°칫ҵţ˵ϰ壬ǵľưͻȻһȺˣǵľưָָ㣬ҪҪȥһ£
һΪʲô£æһһ˵һȥ
ûпĦ˹̽ڻ֪ĿưɣѾдС˵֮С
Ȼ֪췢顶Ħ˹̽ģȥ֧
ֻǣưɵĳ壬û˼ȥС˵Ҳͦϲ̽С˵ġ
߳ưɣȻѾΧһȺˣƺڲϵĻ㼯
Щ˵ϣƺûʲô⣬ÿ²εġ
ǰȥ˵λѣҾưɵϰ£ǡ
ԭǿϰ壬ϰ²ⲻǵ⣬ǶȻӦòʶĦ˹ˣġһ˴½һ£ԭ
ֻĻû˵꣬˵ޣ֪Ħ˹췢еǣԲԣֻʲôϵ
˿ϰӦֻ֪Ȿ飬ûпԲԣո˵
µͷ⵹ȷˡ
ϰȥһⱾ飬֪ΪʲôˡȻˣȻҪȥһո˵
֮һȺ߽˾ưɣֻһɻĿ档
Ħ˹ͻȻ˼һƺ뵽ʲô߽ưɣûƺúõкˣԼܻذ칫ң칫ϣȴûпġĦ˹̽ʼĶ
ſţͻȻüΪ˷ܺͼ
֪ˣľưΪʲôͻȻô˵ԭ
ң֪⻹ֻǿʼ
Ӵ֮ľưɺпܣᷢ츲صı仯
ͻȻһԤУưɻò̫ʱ䣬ºʮ֮ǰò֮뿪ưʱԿ˵Ļ
˵仰˷ܺͼ֮࣬ȫĸм
˵ллĿˣ



һǧʮ ˽ϵľ
ٵȥ˿µĿưɡ
ڿư֮󣬸ȥҪ̽׷ĵط˽֡
˽֮ǰȻ֪վ֪ġ
ңڵͼҲܹ鵽λòƫƧ
ԣͬǴ翪ʼڶ̽Գڱ˽ϡ
֪˸Ħ˹ǻ̲סҪ
٣ǿȷһ£ǷĴ221bţ
һŽֵУһСš
ֵλòƫƧΪʲôô壿ߵĹԢƺûס
ȷûסУΪʲôûƺţ221b𣿡
֪221b鹹һƺŰɡ

һҪҵ221bţȴеĹԢǰûƺš
ȫ룬᲻221bŵʱһͻȻϲĴ˵ޣǿ쿴221bš
˶ʱһȫڵһʱ䳯ţոָķȥȻֵͷģǶԢҲ෽һƺţȻдţ221bš
ңƺԵºۼһƺš
ƺȻǶά˹ԢƺţƵ˴⡣
Ȼ֪ŰݷãǶά˹ȻҪÿҵõǡ
221bŵһ˷ܲѣ첽221bŹԢǰ
ʮµϸǰĴţʹڵĹԢ
Ȼ221bţ̫ˣƺŵºۼƺѾںܳʱˡ
֪ΪʲôøĦ˹ס221bˡ֮ǰоֵʱ򣬷һԢΨһһƺŵĹԢѣĦ˹ס
пܾңⶰԢƺ˾ס
ȷо˾סǸĦ˹ɣðɣ֪⵱Ȼǲܵġ
ǻǵ֮ǰģ̽С˵ֳ˵Ǿ仰𣿡
Ȼʱ˵ģҵһλסڱ˽ϣһλ̽һֱһ룬Ҿдһ飬Ϊ˰ʵ롣
ʱ˵ģ˵һλסϣͨǸոյĹ۲죬ֵϣƺֻһԢ˾סҲ˵ⶰԢˣӦþˡȻȴ˵һ̽ô£
֮ǰһ˵ܶ˶Ϊ˵ѣµ̽Ħ˹
֪˵ֻ221bŹԢ˾סǾ˵˵ѣӦʵеѣµ̽Ħ˹
ˣǾ仰ɶ˼û̫Ūס
ҿֱţݷһˣǷʶõİ취
⣬ͬݷһˡ

һͬݷһ¹ԢˣǣžĽֵ
𣿡һ˲ȷڵȴĹУЩš˷ڴ
˺һ֮ûκεĶһȫǳʧҡͷ̾Ϣǲˡ
ʱ򣬴˽Ų
˶ʱĪľϲ뼤æסԼһ죬ϸŴڣĽŲ
ŲԽԽ˵ҲԽԽ졣
ڣϵЩġ֨ѽյĴű򿪡
ȫĶԽԽĴţţӦ˴кӦ˵⣿
ãǳǸĴˣǡһӿ˵빫Ԣȴһк
ȻĻδ˵꣬۾ȴǶȻɵùԲȻһ𾪺Ħ˹
ǵģԶһ̣ǿ˸Ħ˹
֮һλˣ˾壬棬ͷںڣͦñֱ߳180֣ϸӥǺۣ򦷽ͻȥƺһλˡ
Ȼⲻص㣬Ҳ˾ԭ
֮ԾΪǰŵˣҲⶰԢˣ롶Ħ˹̽ķϣĦ˹廭Ȼߡ˷ֵƶȡ
ֻǣ˵Ҫ΢һЩҲû̶
ϸĦ˹Ѿֳ˵Ժ֮УѾǳ鶯
Ȼ뵽ǾȻʵУġĦ˹
ҪǣλĦ˹Ǿסڱ˽ֵ221bš
ŵľϲľ
ھ֮һЩ˼תñȽϿˣеԭ
ֳ˵ģһλסڱ˽ϵѣӦþǰλˡ
ĸĦ˹󣬾ǰλΪԭ͵ġ
˵ѣǰʵеλˣҲµ鹹Ħ˹
Ҳͬ˺仰˵дһ飬Ϊ˰λѣʵһһֱ롣
ڿΪ˰ǰλˣʵһˡ
˵ʲôǳΪһ̽
һڲܹȷҲȥѯʡ
һȷʲôӦõȷʵˡ
ͨһƷʵ롣



һǧʮ ӰѾֲ˹
˽֣221bš
˵ľԼֲŵı飬Ƕά˹ǳĵ⣬Ҳǳ¡
Ҫ֪Ħ˹Ѿڶķ˿
ЩͻķÿͣǶά˹е⣬֪ĹԢܿͻӭһˡ
Ȼ󣬱ԴԴϵпá
ΪˣΪҪĹԢ²һ£ͰС˵нֱܵвá
еǳ˷ܺȤЩ¶ĶҲ˲޾Ȥ
Ѿʼ²ĹԢֻҪȫɵĻҪһʱ䡣
ǰԾˣǶά˹΢΢һЦ˵ݷøĦ˹𣿸Ħ˹ȷסֻǺܱǸܹǡǣʲô˵ҲһģҲһ̽
ޣ̫˼ˣĦ˹ŶԲ֪Ӧóƺ㱾֣ԵøӵòǺܱǸеĸĦ˹ȫغˣʵڷǳҪƺΪĦ˹֮ǰľ˵
Ƕά˹ЦûйϵǿԳƺΪĦ˹ʵϣӦҲѾ뵽ˣĦ˹Ϊԭ͵ġ⣬Ҫǣһ̽ʲô⣬Ŀ԰ǡ
Ƕά˹⻰ڴţƣȷʵһ̽ͷԡ
̫˼ˣĦ˹ҿԱ֤ʱһΪġ˵
ʵоȻһλĦ˹˷ܵĶЩˡ
ţȻ鴫֮ȫص̽С˵ǣһĽ
ֻ̽С˵ǣĦ˹̽עŷĹң½Ĺҡ
Ħ˹עԽԽ㣬һԽԽģҵ̽С˵Ľ
ǣȻǰݷøĦ˹ĵһˣǸӵ˷뼤
һ˷ܵ˵Ħ˹ǿȥһĹԢĻǻеǳҡ
Ƕά˹΢΢ЦȻȫû⣬
һһߵлһȲĽ뵽Ԣ֮С
һ߲ιǶĪ˹ĹԢһ߽Ԣ飬ϡ
ʵҲһ˲ˣȫص̽ǣ˷ܵĲš
ޣĦ˹Ȼģסڱ˽221bŹԢʵš
ԭĦ˹ԭͣһҪ󱴿˽ϣݷһ¸Ħ˹Ħ˹ҵżʵ̫ˡ
϶һȥ˶سǵĻƱѾһҲȲģҪȥݷøĦ˹ˡ
ҲһҲȲˣҲҪ϶һȥ˶سǵĻƱ

ȫһЩļ̽С˵ǣڵ֪Ϣ֮һҲȲľҪȥ˽ϣݷøĦ˹
һԶԣ㵭̽С˵ǣҲȫﶨĿ꣬ǰȥ˽ְݷøĦ˹
˶سǵ̽С˵˵Ҫȥ˽֣Ǿʵ̫ˡ
ǣӽ翪ʼ˽ϵ˼࣬һЩ̽С˵Ҳ׷ǰȤ飬ȻҪȥ֡
ʹñı˽ΪռžĽֵƬ̵İ
221bŹԢΧǼˣԢŽա
Ƕά˹Ը򿪴ţʵ̫ˣŴ򿪵Ļпܻʲô
˾ۼ֮࣬Ѿ˵صľǣزŸϽɳΪٵľ裬ǰ˽221bŹԢǰάִ
Ƕά˹֮󣬾ЩĽ̽ǣ뵽Ԣڲιۡ
ÿһεĲιʱΪӡ
ھǵİ£221bŹԢ̽ǿš
ÿһ̽ӵʱ䣬ڹԢιۣҲܹڹԢĦ˹
̫࣬ܶڽ춨Ȼ޷뵽Ԣ֮УˣҲȻڱ˽ϡ
ﶼЩ־ͬϵˣ˷ܵһ˵ŸĦ˹·ǳߣȻԸȥ
ټЩι깫ԢѾӹԢˣҲͬ᲻ȥ
ʹһЩˣ˽Ҳȥˡ
һѶýߣ޲֣ۼˣеĸࡣ
⣬Ҳʹ˷ܲѣۼԽ࣬żֵɾԽ
ǧټƵȺмҪȥɷþס221bŹԢġĦ˹
ǣ͸Ħ˹ţٴδϮ
գ̽Ħ˹סı˽֣ӭ˴ҪݷøĦ˹Ŀˣ˽ӵ
̽Ħ˹ԭͣǱ˽221bŹԢˡڣ̽С˵ǳݵż񣬸Ħ˹
˽221bԢӽ翪ʼǰݷõĿһֱԴԴϣˡĦ˹
˽⣬ʱȫض̽С˵ǣڸ˶سǵ;УҪȥ˽ϰݷøĦ˹

ýǵĸֱٴøʿ׷׹ע
ڿصı֮޲׷׸̾ġĦ˹̽ʽеĵڶ죬ӰȻѾֲ˹



һǧٰʮ ع
˽Ϊ221bŹԢÿͲϣڸĦ˹Ĵ棬ʽĻ
ʱ顢ءӨСѾͷˣ׵ĸ߿֮ϡ
ʮ֮˻عķɻ
мʱǴͳĴˣҲ˸ûؼҵʱ

129գũ¶ʮ10㡣
һ߳ʡǻʱʮʱ䣬һοڹڵһУһȫС
ظп˵ǹںãһжоǳС̹
Դˣ顢ӨͬСѾͷʾͬ
֮Өʱͼ˷ֿҪȻؼң顢ءСѾͷȥļ
ǽסһҹȻٻʥ壬֮ڴꡣ
ڴ꣬ɱڳ˼ˣѾϲˣڴķΧ
⣬үүأԼصүүңҲȥꡣ
λүӶȥʥЩȤ˵ȥҪȥģΪһЩԭûгУһҪȥˡ
Ҳˣʱүɻħɵʡǡ
顢ءСѾͷٴλصүӡ
²үӵĽʣѾ70գȥȴֻ50һ㡣
Ц˵⹫ԽԽˣϲϲ
һ˵СӲúд飬ͻ˵ЩûӪĻ
вúд飿˵⹫ԽԽʵѾͷţԣѾͷ
顢ضŮһЦͬʱ˵үү⹫Ǹ˵ȷͻ컬࣬ܶ໰š⻰˵úܶԣүү⹫ȷԽԽˡ
ҹһЦǸоԼԽԽˣ֪Ӧúͳʹãũׯʳйء
ǣ˵СӇNɪ
ʱСѾͷ˵үүȥȷᣬֻʮһţԣֻʮꡣ
ٴˬһЦЦ÷ǳĿСѾͷ˵Ѿͷԣ˵Ļүү
ҷǳϲԼŮۣͲСѾͷСѾͷǰ棬顢ŮЦЦҲϽȥ

ڶ죬¶ʮߣӽʱ֡
һʡǿɽĿʻɽ缯пվ
顢ءСѾͷҡλүӣӿͳ
ʱʮ֮ٴ̤ƬϤأǳˬ
СѾͷҲ˷ܣһһ˳ųվȥ
СѾͷһô죬Ȼ˵Ҳ߰ɣشӺȥ緹
һ˵ͷСѾͷĺ˳վȻ߳Уʥķȥ
ߵò죬ŰСʱ֮󣬵˴ڡ
꽫ũׯĶڹ̽裬ҲѾʽ깤ڽţʩ豸Ĳ
ش壬ȫǳϲЦŴкϰˣ֣
ЦһһӦǫӹ߳Цϵܻˣ̫ˣ⼸춼߶ţʲôʱܻأ
ͬһЦ˵ǳлҵ߶ʱʵˡ
֮ǫءλүӼֺ顢ŮкȻ˵ϵֻ˵ɲУϵͳ극ء
ЦȻڶڹ˳ϾҪ꣬Ҫúõĳһ٣ʱҲ顣
ǫЦȵľϵܵһ仰
һڹͬһ߹Цһл׷ױʾ׼һЩþƣʱҪ顣
ڴںǫԼǣ߶һ֮˵Ȼ߽Ե¥緹
ûϰ֡׼һ˵緹ȻֻԵ¥ˡ
򵥵ĳԹ緹֮һ߳Ե¥Ŵȥ
غλүӣ֮ǰѾˣԴһУѾȽϤ
ʱԺſڣϰ֡죬ӭ˳
λүӲǵһͣϰ֡кǳȻ
ڼϢһʱ֮󣬼߳Ժӣ׼ȥԵӺ֣ࡢ˴к

Եǰ
֣ࡢ֪ش壬費ҪСӡѵ⡱һ٣
úõġ¡дƫҪȥдЩ񹲷ߵڣһڡЦеˡ
Ҳ֪졶Цô
˵֪һڵʱ䣬жǣѾķŭ¡
̫࣬Ӧûǻһֵġ
֣ࡢﲢ̫ȷ
̾ǲ˵ΪСӵôֲˣǸʡĵСӡ
֣Ц˵ҲǣǾͰˣáѵ⡯Сˡˣ١ѵ⡯Ҳûˡ
ΪȻĵͷʮͬ



һǧٰʮһ õ
ʥ塣
Ѿ¶ʮߣοѾ࣬ÿÿգԽԽŨ
߽ڴѾܹǳԵĸоζˡ
ظпǴζѾܶûиоôŨζˡ
ζȷŨζҲڵĳȷûʲôζˣľź
Цûа취ҲͳйأλүԸĻԺˡ
ЦСⲻȷʵǸõط
һ˵ЦһԵȥʱ㵽Եǰ治Զ
֣ࡢ˿ˣԶԶӭ˳ءҶ˹һЦλ໥кһ˵Ц¶ܸߡ
óλ˵鶼ǳ
֣ࡢˣδ˵СŮ¼ҲԻϲںܺˣúõ˵˵СŮ¼
λ˺˵Цһ֣֮СǰƳġĦ˹̽׼ʲôʱڹڷУǱ߶ⲿƷ۷ǳߣ̶̵ʱ֮ڣôӰʹҶǲƷЩ棬СӾڹڷС
ƳƷĦ˹̽ýĴ±Ȼͬˣýǹע
֪ɵ飬ɲֻһ׽˹޼СĸһĦ˹̽ģ̽С˵Ʒ
ڵڶý׷ױǣϲưƷǣ˷ܲѡ
ȻȻĦ˹̽ҲͬΪˣϵĽ㣬ڵͬ۷׷ס
ֻʮʱ䣬ͽɳ䶯ķĴ£ʵ̫˧ˡ
ڹڣĹңֻҪһ֣ʲô͵ƷǶһɺ䶯
˵ڡĦ˹̽ʽ֮ǰʵãΪʲô̽С˵һˣƺǽ˹ɣΪ˹ƷܹƷƷͳƳ֮ȫžžžĴ;泩
˹̽С˵һˣǰǰɣȻȴֻίӵڶˣ̽С˵һ˵ͷΣӴ֮Ҫǵˡ
˵û̽С˵粻ҲУ˾˷ܡ
˵ǸĦ˹סڵڶʱ򣬾;ۼ˴̽С˵ԣҶȥݷһ¸Ħ˹ôȥݷһС˵е鹹ò˵һ漣һµ漣̽С˵һˣ֮
Ħ˹סڱ˽ֵ221bŹԢɣýǵرϿûἰ˵˽221bŹԢˣĦ˹һԭ͡ڣλˣѾʵĳΪˣе̽Ħ˹ⲿƷӰһ뵱ǿƿֲ
ⲿƷӦҲڹڷаɣȻϸ͵Ϊģ̽С˵ǿпܻһЩⲿƷܹ˶̵ʱڣ˴Ӱ죬ȻǳĲҷǳڴ
ȻƷǿ϶ڹڷаϣܹЩУҲǳڴ

һӰƷһڹڵ̽С˵ǣȻҲͬǳȤ
صʥ塣
֣һʣ֮аɣǲƷϸ͵ΪķʽҲ̽С˵ķǹҵ̽С˵ߣδػǳϲ
⻰ûдĦ˹̽ȷǳľ䣬ϾС˵Ʒڵġ졷̹١ƷǷǳԵġ
ڹڵһ̽С˵˵ɻ࣬Ķĸܿ϶ԶԶûУǱߵ̽С˵ǿҡ
ȻĦ˹̽롶졷̹١Ʒȣû뻵ֻ֣֮ȫͬķˡ
ڹڵ̽С˵˵ǴвЩӦҲǻ൱ĸȤƷе־ʣܹϵĲֲ
֣󣬵ͷп϶࣬ʵľ飬ֲܹܶϵĲ㣬ڹڵгӦҲ
ٺЦǿ϶г϶Ҫ֪Ħ˹ȷǳ
ʱһ˵СӇNɪɶһڡЦеˣҲ֪ġ¡ʣ¶ٶߣ
ȿȡһӦûܹʣ²ٰɣõģõġ
Сӡ֣ࡢءҼˣ顢ضŮеһ



һǧٰʮ ŲµĽ
ʥ壬Եǰ
˵ġ¡ʣ¶ٶߣ֣ࡢ˿ƺΪĻ벻⣬Ҳʵǲ֪˵ɶˡ
һ㵹ܹ϶Ǿǡ¡Ķߣ綼ǻģͿҪʲôʱ򣬲ܹȫˣ
죬Ӧûһְɣټϱû뿪ĶߣЦӦò̫
ȥܡ¡飬֣ࡢءλ˼˵Ц
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ͯɶ٣һϢǲһֱƳһ鼮𣿡˵ȻϢȴȻܹоóǳϲ
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ȷһϢֻǶͯɶɲĿնǳѴƷֵڴ𣿵ȻҲǻд־ûʸֻǾ¡ϾôĶͯרң봴һƷȴһģȫʧճһλ˵
ʵȷҽһͯɶĳ飬ݳȻЧ
ܶĶͯרΪˣŬ˺ܳһʱ䣬뾡һа취ֿշ֪ʶͨȤķʽǵȤ
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֮ǰ˵ġʮΪʲô棬ϣһͯɿն
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ǸĽȺ
Ҽ˳Ļ˵԰鼮ɲôĪҪ׸һûм򵥵˵һĴ˼·
ѧ˵У˵һһ϶ʿͨͼķʽֱʴۻ顣
һһ𣿾򵥣򵥵ķʽԺ˵𣿼϶ʿͨͼҲδңĪҪĩãǿЩͨͼǿͦȤЩһһĿ֪ʶȴûκεȤ˵ԣôá
Ȼ̫ڴˣһһ򵥡ʴʽԺ˵ôܻ֮ǰЩרǣѿ֪ʶ˵ڶгȤǵȤοּ򵥡ʴʽ˵ȻǷǳĲá
ѧЦһػʵ˵ҲΪжϾƷҾûǷǳֵڴģ֮һҪȫ֧֡
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ΪӦõȵʮΪʲô֮󣬿гͼҳǵķӦôȻپҪҪȽϺá˵
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ѧȻҲ˵ĵǣȴһĪΣʧҲȫļҳͺʧ
˵ϳأǵĵףҶģ¶ôˡ
ҡ˼ѧ֣Ҳ˵ʲôֻϣţʲôʮΪʲôǧҪ̫˽ˡ
ȻǽһΣҪˡ



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ѧҪƳһͯɶһ£Թҽ壬һ档
ǣڴһ죬˶ڣϲеʱ򣬹ҽһ򹫸档
гƣӦҽ룬־ڽƳһУʮΪʲôĶͯնڴ
һǴڼ䣬Ȼں̵ܶʱڣ㴫磬˵Ĺע
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ֻЩļҳǣЩûнˣԵøӵ˷ܺڴˡ
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Ϣʵ̫ˣǽ͸ǵ̫ˡ
ǵȥ괺ڼ䣬Ƴġ־Ǿǹ屦Ʒû뵽괺ڼ䣬ֽΪǴһȻҲǸǵĺӴʵ̫ڴˡ
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ڻ˵оЩѣϾһǿɶоƷıƸ񣬺Ѵﵽ־ĸ߶ȵġ
ɶðǹһͯɶﶼûУǱƸûС־ߣ嶨ȻͬͬѰ
оҪһúǸȤĿնǳѡϾѧ֪ʶܶ඼ǺܿģǶδȤȥ˽⣬οǺǡ
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˵ǾϹģԱ˵ȷѣ˵ȴδػжѡǲҪˣҹͯһˡҲѿѧ֪ʶͯϣӣǲȤ𣿡
ȥ̫࣬Ҷˣҹͯһˡ
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ҲãʲôʮΪʲôûУȲķ˹棬ıƸ͵λᵽ˶㡣ʱʮΪʲôЧ룬ǾкϷˣԼ澡ʧҲͬԼԼ
ſɣȻ˵ǽƳӦõȲ̫áҲҲǣѿѧ֪ʶдڶгȤȴ֪ѾˣУ
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һڶͯרǣǵȺ˵ŹڽڣƳһͯɶ顣
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Ǹˣڽôߣſճɡ
ҸոϣһЩѵۣƺȫεƷǳĿúڴ룬ûбҪڱϣЩǰ֪࣬ǰʧҲǰװڴһ
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һλ½ȻĶͯרңԼ΢дڽڣƳһڶͯɶ﷽鼮ҸеǳľϲΪһͯоߣ֪ǹĿǰȱһ鼮ƳƷֲⷽĲ㡣ңⲿƷһһּ˵ķʽ飬ںǵĶҿԾڴ
½Ȼ֮⣬⻹мλͯרңҲԼ΢ϣƵݡ
ǵ΢ûж˹עվһЩģһε΢ȵĻ⣬ڽƳһͯɶйء
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ЩеûݣǿһҲͲٹܣйƷĳ鷽ʽȴǷǳ⡣
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ǣҲţĳ鷽ʽЩרôܻ֪
ЩרǼȻ˵Ǿ֤ǵõ׼ȷϢȻʱҪġңкüλרҶ˵Ҳһεĳ鷽ʽ
⡭Ӧþͻ˸еЩʧˣҲּ򵥡ķʽкǸȤ
һȵ֮ٿɡ

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ٴҵ˷ܺڴѾû֮ǰǿҡ
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ص׼ʼʮΪʲô
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ңлᴩĿͨͼҪֻƣҪЩʱա
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ʮΪʲôܹܲǵȤȵƷʽ֮󣬴Ի
һ֮صҳȻ￪ʼ˼
ԣʮΪʲô֮ǰƳģЩƷЩһ
ЩƷֻҪһ˹ֱӸƹˣǰһЩ粻ı޸һ¡
ʮΪʲôȴҪǰġʮΪʲôΪԼɡᡣ
ǰġʮΪʲô汾ʱԽ˰ͣȻܼ򵥵ĸơ
⣬̫ΪʲôˣǰġʮΪʲô¼⣬ȫ⡣
ҪԼһЩΪбҪ⡣
УֻƳһƷ϶ԶԶģһ£ٿƳʮϡ
ڣƳһ
ôһҪЩУǸؼ
ڡ佺ҡİ£ǰ汾ġʮΪʲôԼһЩԡʮΪʲôΪͼ飬Ժʽ򿪡
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ȻҲһЩЩ鼮ûе⡣
û̫ʱ䣬ѾȷˣЩѡһʮΪʲôС
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ҹ賿1ʱֹͣ˴ط˯

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һԤϵһһڡЦ֮һ¡Ķߣѡ˻ع顣
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Ȼ֮СŮ¼֮ǰвСĲ࣬һϰѾܹԤеиڣ¡ĶǣӦþܹȫعˡ
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£漰̫ˣЩȻûȥЦѡ͵͵ϣ۵ǣ
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һǣڡ¡½ڵۣһơ¡Ķߣܲջѡ˻ع顣
ˣ¡ĶߣѾع˰˳ңʣɣɻڸ翹
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ЩһҲͷƵʱһߣ̬ȼ˵ʲôӹ޸Ǹڣͼ¡أӹƨûһǾƨƨߵ˻ȥ
군һҲ̫ûнڲˣ˵õļأ˵õҲأǼָٻȥҲðĻ¡ҲˡǸʱ򣬴Ҿͻῴֱ¡꣬ûжѡع顣ĻӹʲôˣǸжˬ
ԭͲָһȺͷߵģӹ˷ŸƨǶģôܿס
ô죿ȥһڵʱЩͷߣȫܻȥˡ
ҵи⣬еãܼһ£ڻûлعģЩߵĻع١
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ðЩûлعĶߣȥȥЩѡ˻عĶߣ˵һͷ֮ģȻӦûЩģûѡعĶߣһЩáϾ˶
ãǾ군ǱһȺͷ

ǣϣЩۡ¡ݵ֮УͻȻһЩг
군˵ùӹ˲޸ڣͼعô׵Ļȥˣܲеڲˣѵֻʣһ˻ڼ𣿡
Ҳڼ֣Ҳһ࣬һˣڼ֣ǿɲЩͷӹʲôû˵ƨƨߵܻȥˡ
ԣڼֵ˻кܶ࣬Щûнڲٵͷһ˵ƾԶƣӹ޸ģع顣
˾Ҫڲ٣Ҫйͷܹӹ˷Ÿƨġ
٣ҿЩܻȥͷ˵ӹ˷Ÿƨġ

ЩͻȻֵģΪٵģΪгһֱɵˡ
ʲôôͻȻܳôˣ
ȻһЩӦһЩǣͻȻӦ˹һá
֪϶ЩʼմڵģһֱͼڹӹһˣĿǰ¡߻عƺ󣬳׵סˡ
ðЩûлعĶߣЩۣͼӰЩģûлعĶߣԼǻعʱ䡣
ܹӰ쵽ЩѾѡ˻عĶߡ
һ˵ıһͬŭգһȺֿɶļһ
Ը
ǣһаĽһ˷籩
ǧҪϵǲġ¡ĶߣһȺһֱںڹӹļһðЩûлعѣҪֹҼع顣
ԶԣǧҪϵġ¡ߣǲ˵ĻģһȺļһðġ
ЩûлعǣǧҪӰ죬ǱӰˣǿɾǵĵˡ
԰Ӧö֪һֱһȺһڰ뷽跨ҪڹӹǾһȺһǧҪϵ

ڶվ˳ǣЩһԵһЩˮЩгԽԽࡣ
ߣЦôܻЩһǾġ¡Ķߣнڲ٣йĶߡԸһͷĻǾѡعɣҾԲǡ
ǣǶǡ¡ĶߣҲš¡ӹһΣ˿ǷϹдº޸ҲͰˣ˴ģĵжȻʲôû˵ȫǲЩ߷ﰡİǣ
ǰǣǲԸع飬ʵǹӹ̫ǵˡ
ӹ˺ǵģȴҪȥһͷͰ͵ľô˻ȥʵΪǸеź

аĽڼԽԽԼУЩһˮƺҲԽԽࡣ
˫˸൱ѷʤ



һǧپʮ Զ
ϣаĽѷʤ˫һβ̵ʱ䡣
ԽԽѶǼսһռ
ǵվҪԶԶЩһˮּһ֮аһѸܡ
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һȻȡʤЩһЩɵӰ죬Ѿ޷⡣
ЩĻûѡعġ¡ĶǣĿη籩̡
ȻҲ֪Щη籩Լǣѡ񲻻عġ¡ĶߵļһʵһȺһֱڵģļһðġ
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ЩӰģֻǻδѡعĶߣӰ쵽ˣѾعĲֶߣڽѡعĶߡ
ǽոѡع飬ոհѡ¡½ڿ꣬ͱָűûнڲ٣ͷ
Ȼ֪Щ˵ն⣬ƫƫʵǽƨƨߵѡع飬ƺȷЩûнڲˡ
˵õļأ
ǣҲܵӰ죬ǳƣ
Ȼﲻ鲿˲ٴѡơ
վһСˣΪԼĽڲ٣ٴѡ˵ƣܡ¡ĹжྫʣһҲȥˡ
ڽѾ˵һڡЦǱϴһ˺٣ԥƬ֮վ᲻ã̾һ־һ䣬ԺڷҲˡ

Ȼȡʤһǵ飬ȴοġ
֪Щ֮˵ۣٶЩĻδعĶӰ졣
¡жȫعʱ䣬µӳˡ
Ƿǳƣȴֺް취ֻţһȺļһ²˳ֶѡ
䣬һȺļһʱȴֻǳ˷ܡ
һεķ籩УȫܣǵĿѾﵽˡ
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ˬˬþûˬˣڡ¡Ķȫعʱ䣬ȻӺˡȻԶ޷ȫعȻá
취ǹãЩһһȻӮˣ϶˲ȻˣȴǷǳĸˣһԱȣ͸ˬˡ
ٺ٣Ӯ˵ﲻˣ˵˷ܸˣҲǴһ漣˰ɡ
֪ӹûпոյһУˣȻǳܻɡ
˾أΪ˼ӿЩ߻عٶȣȴƻܻŹء

һȺһֻ˷ܲѣ·ЩδعĶǣ󶼲ٻعһ㣬Ҳ·𿴵˹ӹʱ˿ܻģ
ȻǳźǣӹûпոϷһ籩
ǿˣ˶ȻҲֻһЦ֮
ʥ塣
żλǰݷõĿˣڴй䡣
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죬壬ǽ
˵УѾǵˣԴһУѾΪϤ
Ƕά˹ࡢ¼ǵһӣԴһУǳʺͺ档
һһߣһ˵Ц
ЭϯЦ˹С쵼ԼС֪Ҫʥ֮ļ˰꣬ףĻ˵һͨ
ҲЦתҶǵл⣬ҲǴͳĴڣǰꡣ
õģһתġڣ˹Сÿ춼кܶοǰȥѾһЩŷҵοĽǰȥһУ˹Сġ
ȻѾȥһʱ䣬ÿÿԼļ磬˹Сʱı仯ɶм
̫ˣѾȥһʱˣҲѾлΣͲҪٸлˡȻ̫ˡ
һЦ˵˵ǣҾͲٸлˡ



һǧپʮ µĺ
ʥ塣
żλĿˣڴ档
ѻ˵֮󣬿ҲЦڿܻ֪ҵĿưɣԴƳĦ˹֮̽ĵڶ쿪ʼͻȻÿ춼кܶĿĽһͬġ
ڿưɵʱʱ򣬾ѾţҲԤ֮С
ͬҲ뿪ưɵʱ򣬻Կ˵ưɵ⣬ڲ֮ԭ
ûаգʱǲ˵ġ
˵ͬЦҲˣҲͬѾȥһʱˣҲҪٱʾлˡȻҲͬˡ
ҲͬǹһЦʾԼ̫ˡ
֮һֱЦǶά˹˵˼ڵƺԽԽãҲԽԽˣϲϲ
Ƕά˹Ц˵֣Դһڱ˽ֵĹԢ֮ĸоԽԽˣڸǸоԼ˶ʮƵġ
ĵȻҵһռȪĹͣǶά˹̬ҲͬкܴĹϵ
֮˵ǻһ仰˵ģ˷ϲ¾ˬ˼֮ԸоԽԽᣬΪˬԭ򡣡
Ƕά˹ͷȷĸҵĹԢÿÿͲϣ˽Ҳһ塢ڱ÷ǳ֣ÿ춼кܵĽѾŷҵĽˡġĦ˹̽ӰѾʼŷĹҡ
ԴˣͬҲ⡣
ң⻹ֻǿʼĦ˹ӰĽֻŷޣĻӰ쵽ȫܶĹҡ
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Ƕά˹ЦʵϣЩ˵УǸĦ˹ǲ֪ҵıҲ֪ǳƺΪĦ˹˵ǳ˼ҲϲƺҡҪ֪ϲһ̽ңƾҵ̽ͷԣҲ˸Ħ˹
ԴˣϣǶά˹ȷһ̽ͷԣȻˡ
ͻȻһ˵Ƕά˹룬һ˶سǵľǣмֵİӣʲôⲻ⣬ĵŰݷãæɣ
Ƕά˹ˬʴЦ˵㻹˵һϣһ죬ܹҸǽ⣬ĻǳȤҺڴ
ʱһԽЦôһĻеĸĦ˹ķ˿ǣɻӵ˷ܺͷǶά˹ĹԢᱻ̤ż
༸Ҳ̾˵ţʵȷˡ
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˷ܵʵ̫ˣĦ˹ķ˿ǣ֪ϢĻһ˷ܵԣǹһˡ
ЦЦ˵֮ǰһ׼Ƴһͯɶ֪ͽȤ
ͯɶºͰоϲֿһΪƷ
ʵϣֻǻȱٶͯɶȫĹҶȱĶȻҲ⡣
Ŀնﲻ٣ǶǸ˿ģڶͯɵĿնһûС
֮ԻԭͻͬС죬ǴģͯɶǵȤ֮ʽȻС
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˵ҪһƷ˾ͼΪϲˣ˵ƷУƷһܹ
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ĶͯɶʮΪʲôİ棬ɽµɣ³磬ͰĿ˹ϳ档



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ʥ塣
¡ˣµĺЭ֮һ˼ڴй䡣
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ȫÿһϸƺõĺǴûио
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Ƕά˹һ˵¡ͬʱ۾һȻҲ˵Ĵš
ڣѾʥ壬棬лЩ˵еĻׯޣ
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˶⣬ӥ״ͷ俴ȥ׶ֲ
ԣϽݸꡣԺﴫһ飬Ȼ˷ܲѵţڵķλѸȥ



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ʥ壬
ٵڵķλȥ
ߣ¡Ƕά˹˵ɴ۾˫۲գĿźϡ
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˷ܡڴ
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οͷǳ࣬ڵһӵıϣΪٵο͡
ǵУЩǴĳͣҲżһΣԶһЩοͣǵһο͡
ǳżǵһοͣʱȫ㵵Ŀţͻıʡ
ھ㵹󣬱Ǿǲ֪ڲ˷ڵˮ£ʲô
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˵֮ǰŽɣȷ
ȻڣŲԶﲻϷڵ˻ǵȻһ
ӣ˵Ӧˡ
ĶӦþפģֻׯŪġ
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ׯޣ⼸֣ЩҪοǣͻȻ֮ͣ˽Ų
˵УԵũׯлׯްػÿһοͶ֪Щһӵο͡
ǻ֪ׯ޼Ҫũׯ￴ׯޣҪĪͻԵ
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ܿ죬һƬοͣ˵صϢ
˷ܵοǣѸӱߣڵۼ



һǧپʮ 
ʥ塣
οͱȫɢڣĸطڣҶڳһطۼ
ǾۼĵطȻӱߣڵ
ԭٻׯޣοǰϢѾ֮ǰһƬѸٴӵĸ
ʲôлׯ
ʲôׯҲׯ޾ׯٻģ
ڲۣļٵģׯҪûׯ޸ǰꣿ
ϻȻˣӵοͣӵķ㼯ء˵ѾһֻˣǼһԵȻ
ڲۣǧѷĻᰡܴ

ڴӵʲôطֻҪϢοͣ޲ϲ˷ܵģӵķȥ
ׯ꣬ԵĿ󣬴λᣬԺԶС
ܹܣԺóȥƣǾܹһӡ
ѡڽӣֱӢľȵ鴫ЩûӵοǣԳӶˡ
һοһＤţһ߼ӵķܡ
Ҫ֪ȥһ̣пܻʲôľͷǿǴ˵еĻׯް
طοͣӻ㼯ӱߵοȻԽԽ࣬ܿѾѹѹһƬ
һƬضϪˮԶطǳܹͬʱˡ
οǣԶԶıܿϣȻһ
һģȫľ
ƬľһֱûжϹ
˾֮⣬Ǹָ̾ο˷ܵ
ׯޣׯޣڼ˵еĻׯˣֱ̫˼ˣӴͣԳƵǵ֮ޡ
ׯޣʤȴ˵иӵ𺳣
޵Щ꣬ѵǴ˵е䣿
ԣ䣬˵еǹߵĽ壬޵Ҳһǿ׳βͣȻǹߵĽ塣
˼ԵũׯĻׯԣȻǴ˵еˡңֻǴ翵Ĵ˵Уȴʵʵģǵǰʵ̫˼ˡ
ˣû˭֪ũׯһжׯޣ
ҵ˵ǰĹ֮⣬հХ죬޴׷ƺС׷ƣ޻ڣ޻ͷ
⡭ȻޣҪȫжֲˣЩޣ˭𣿡
ٺ٣ϴҼ˵Х죬һһȺɽӥҪũׯʳȴХһغɱĶӣ쿴ĳȻеޱȡ
Ҽ׷ƣǻԵũׯҵһ졣һ죬׷Ʒֱڣũׯŵ֮£ĳһ룬֪εˣ
ҲͬһΣ˵ʱ򿴵ġӦҲ˵ɣ֮ǰһڰɽŴһССĵһ֮УǴһСġ
ĽҼôĻׯޣں뿴ǣʲôģ
Ҳ뿴ڿ֮ҶЩׯ޸ӵڴˡ
ҾڴɣЩׯޣҲпܻΪׯѻׯٻҰģӦòֻһޡ
ţׯھֳĻׯǣȷпҲĻԿԺӦòУڽӣֱõ˼㡣

ܵԴǵ𺳣һοǶĻׯޣøӵڴ
Ҫһׯ޵Ըʮֵкǿҡ
ôĻׯޣĻЩοͿ˵пܻ
ǿ϶ģĻׯǣĻһһ
ȻѾûׯҰ꣬ǾЩһһֳοǣһ𺳳档
ԴˣЩڴ
ڣЩһѾӵ֪ͨڳ
ȵХ졣
дһ߿ХһЩοһ㶣Ȼοͣȴ˷ܵļæ̧ͷ졣
֪ǵͻׯХҪˡ
ոЩסοͣο̧ͷĶ֮ҲӦ˹Ҳæ̧ͷ졣
ȻХѩ׶Ӵڸ߿֮УһּǿѹȸдӸ߿д
ʱԶİɽִһɽֵ֮ԶһοҲöĤ΢΢Щۡ
֪һׯ޼



һǧپʮ ߴׯͬʱ
ʥ塣
һɽֵеοȫ֪һׯ޼
е˷뼤Ѿ޷ͬʱׯޣ֮ǰ޷顣
֮ǰ㹻ͻԵ֮£ҲͿһ
ȴͬʱΨи̾ѡڽӣʵһǳӢľ
Ȼ黹ûн
ڸոһ֮ڰɽһִһͬɽֵ
һոһ΢һЩͬԲͬޡ
ѵ콫ׯͬʱ
еοѾ˷ܵ˼¡
֪ĳ棬һֻһΡ
еοǣ̧ͷķ򣬼ȵ˷ܡڴ
ǲûеȴ̫ãһͷϡϻЩƵľޣһߵϡ
峤8ף߳5ףڸߴվ֮ٴηһͳ
һͳ˴־塣
ǻڣλׯ޻ڣڿ˵еĻˡ
еοͶܹϳʱվһߵϵľޣũׯĻλׯ޻ڡ
ڣͬʱϢѹ֮У
⣬ûн
ڻ֮һߵϣͬһޡ
һȫżӲƬ̳һСɽһ㣬˶ͷ­Ӹµģοǵķž޴͸ĺ⡣
еοǶ֪ݣλׯ޴
˵һԵũׯǻׯޣĴ˵ġ
ңһ͸ĺ⣬һʵһ㶼䣬ԸοǡܡӴ
ֳοһܡӴ
Ǵǿ쿴ǴеĻׯУͻͷõġ
һοˣòԸӵľ޴ˡ
ȺУЩйܡӴˣ˷ܵΧ˵ţͷ·ǿһλδһ㡣
ڡХ졢ͬʱǡλڶϱĸֳοǿĸޣһֱѡ
ĳ̫𺳣Ժóȥţƣܹһӡ
ǽЩֳ֮⣬ˣлῴĳ
Ȼûнڴ֮󣬹λׯ޻ͷλׯ׷ƺС׷ƣֱַڶͶϷ
ˣũׯߴׯȫͬʱֱλڲͬķλĳһ
ֳο𺳣Ѿ޷
ǵ˷ܣҲѾ˼£ͻԵʵǺõĳ̶ȡ
Եũׯߴׯͬʱ֮ǰ˭ܹ
ĳ˭ܹ
ֳοǼУԺ𺳣𺳣ѾݲĶ
ҲˣֳһƬǵԺѾܹ֯ʱǣʲôҲ˵
ȻǵԺܹ֯ߴΧм䣬ĵ־嵽£˵óһ仰
ȻǶ֪ǲ˺ǣᱣ֤ڴڰɽϵİȫֿ־ȴĶ
ȺУߵǶά˹¡¡༸ˣҲͬһ㣬˷ܡֵͬʱֿ־֡
ǱзǳĸпĻҪȲĺ˵ȴ˵һ
ܹĸܵǶά˹ˣԼֳοָܣЩ⡣
֪Ӵ֮ԵũׯµĴ˵ߴׯͬʱοǰĴ˵
һֳʹֳÿһʲôʱҲȻе
ׯıʹοǰꡣ
ˣҪʲô
ȻҪЩһѧӣҾ꣬ʵһǳ򵥵顣
ֻѾ㹻ˣҾĶ̫á
ߴׯͬʱӵʱ֮´ȥ
ӵʱѾ㹻Ҫ̫
ǣߴׯͬʱѸȥ
ХֱԳˮףڡͷ׷ƺС׷ƼޣǱذɽ
ȻׯȻѾ뿪ֳѹУȴǲûɢȥ
ֱ˺һ֮ѹвȫɢȥֳοǣҲڻָ
ָοǣ˴ڴڵĴŴ˲סؿڣ˲˲ͷϵ麹ͷ·ովһʲôĽһ㡣
󣬱ҲƲס˷ֳʱһƬС



һǧپʮ µĴ˵
ʥ壬ӱߡ
ֳһƬУߴׯͬʱľ޴Чֳÿһλοͣǰδе˷ܺͼ
ǼԼܵģҪｫԼʱ˿ĸܱ
Ƿ֣֯ԣʲôĴʻ㣬׼ȷıԼʵĸܡ
һֻ̣ԼĴʻ̫ȱ޷ˣ׼ȷķԼʱʵܡ
һ룬ΪǵĴʻȱеĴʻ׼ȷǴʱĵĸܡ
Ҫ´һЩµĴʻ㣬ġ
ڲ֮ʥߴׯͬʱϢϡ
Լٶȴ磬˾
Ӧòİɣߴׯͬʱôܣ
ǰȷܣһׯѾҪĪͻԵˣοߴׯͬʱԲܡ
˵̫ˣ˵ׯͬʱһţͬʱôܣ

տʼʱ򣬲ûţߴׯͬʱȷš
ֳԽԽĵ
ٺ٣ǲţңҲšǣģھֳֳеοǣȫ˷ܵԡոյĳ棬һһ
𺳣ʵ̫ˣʵ𺳡ָԱҴʱĵĸܡǣ֮⣬ʵҲ׼ȷݴˣǻĵĴʻбҪӡ
ߴׯ޷ֱλ߸ͬķλǳʵݴݡУڡХ졢ޣֱλڶϱĸλֱǴ˵еĴޡĴͬʱվĴ޵м䣬һʲôĸܣһҲ޷
ʥ֮Уʵ̫ú翣̫ڲʵˡǣһжʵģ۹̫ˡ

ԽԽĵ˵ģ·ԭŵˣȫһ
ѵģߴׯͬʱˣ
ôأ
ȻţҲ˼֣ȻһضźͺڣǽΪξûѡȥʥ棿
ܴţǲţӴ֮󣬹ʥԵũׯֶһ˵ũׯߴׯͬʱĴ˵

֮
ߴׯͬʱ¼ѾȥصĴ˵ȴһֱڴ
ңעһֱȥ
Ƕά˹¡¡༸ˣɻڴͣǴôңԶĵطȻҪһʱ䡣
ֻǣ첢ûżˣڼȫĵ׼ƷʮΪʲô
ڣѾȫ׼ɣͨ䣬͸˳ĳҶԡ
ҶԽӵĵʼ֮һϲû뵽ôͰѸ˹
һġʮΪʲôȻĳ
֮ǰĳκǳ⣬Ȼˣһξͼˡ
ĳ˵ԸٴǺǾϲѣΪƷԴ֣ǳһΣܹ׬һʡ
ȻܵһΣЩͯרǵ΢Ӱ죬ʹôҶⲿͯɶڴнһЩȴȻţһֻһΪƷ
Ҫ󣬳ĳҪȳһԱȻ󽻸ҽˣ֮ͨ󣬲ܴӡˢʽС
ԴˣҶԲҵԶ٣ʱ䣬ӡˢһᡶʮΪʲôԱ

210ţʮΪʲôԱѾ˽ѧС
ѧġʮΪʲô۾ԽԽָȤĿͨͼټЩˡɾʴϣƺܹһ
ûԱ֮ǰѧֻǵΪһһļʽж
ڣѧȴܹԵĸо򵥵һһƺı﷽ʽȥ³ˡ
ң֮ǰҡˣĵĻֱĩõҲԲᷢ
ΪѧЩһһĿ֪ʶ壬ЩȤĿͨ󣬾ʮֵ򣬵ȴΪЩʴ֪ʶģǴҪģ
ңҪЩ֪ʶһ𿴿ͨͼŻӵĸоЩͨͼȤ
ֻͨͼĻȤлήࡣ
ȻҲ֪ʶΪ壬ͨͼΪԭ
һ㱾ǳ԰ѿأ㲻þҪֱĩõȴǰѿص÷ǳ
ѧԽԽиоԽԽ˷ܣ˲СȤ
ңЩѧ֪ʶĲ̫֮һֻȻĸо
Ա·һ飬ѧһЦѡԵȻһηǳȷľ
Ȼʧ
֮ѧרңеĿѧ֪ʶȫϸһ顣
ûκε⡣
ѧ˵ĽԼĳҶԣҺȷʽеʱ䡣
214գʮΪʲôʽС


һǧİ ʽ
ʮΪʲôѾ214ʽС
Ϊˣҽٴγһ򹫸棬ҪݣĶͯɶ214ʽС
ͬʱĳٷҲͬϢ
Լĸ΢ϣصϢ
֮ǰЩͯרǣ΢رϵӰ죬ҶԡʮΪʲôڴֵ͡
͡ҲֻԶԡ
ʵϣעɲ͡
ϾƷ˹ҽ֮ɵƷ
УһƷĿǰϽȱƷÿһˣҳǶǳĵģڶͯƷ
ˣϢһ˸Ĺ㷺ע
һƬ
214ʽУûмʱˣʱһҪȥһǲ֪ǲ֣һһļʽ
أҪ֪ƷǾͲǷƷ
ûдεƷϾںǣһһļʽĻֻºúȤ
˵ôɶʱʱ򣬰ԼĺӴϣȸӿһȤûȤͲ򣬶򵥵¡
Ҳǣ˵ٶҲûãǾ͵ȵ14죬źһȥɡ

ܶкӵҳǣһȵ鷢еһ죬źһȥ꣬úȿһʮΪʲô
ȤûȤͲǳļ򵥡
ЩʱûкӵǣⲿƷܲܺǵĻӭҲǳȤҲ14죬ȥ￴
һǽҲкӣ飬ʲôֵͣùע

ϴ΢ϡϡЩͯרǣȻҲ֪صϢͬʱҲϣһҳǵۡ
Ĵٶȵͦ죬ҲǣȫЩ򵥵һһܻٵʱ䣿治֪Ϊζּ򵥵ʴʽţ
˭֪أļʽǾ޷ǵȤģʱ۲ҵţ
Щļҳ˵ʱźһȥ飬ǸȤ򣬲ȤͲãͶžһЩҳäĿ飬»ԤĻͣһϢ
Ǿǵ14ĵɣʱҲȥ￴һ׶һǶ˵Ȥһ˷ǳõ顣
⣬ǵʱҲȥ￴һ

һڶͯרֻ214һ죬Щڴ

ʥ塣
ÿǰݷĿɺܶ࣬ʮΪʲôһ֮Ҳ˸ʱӴǡ
ҪĿˣſڴתһȦ
ءλүӣÿڴɢɢ塢ȵȣӹҲ൱̹
ʱôһһĹȥתۼ㵽214һ졣
峿
ȫ꿪Ӫҵ
顶ʮΪʲôϵʱѾ˴ڸĹԱϼܵϼܣѵѡ
һģȫʮΪʲôۣλӡ
ڸ˵ۣλãֱûˡ֡
½Ȼ֮ǰ΢ϡϡĶͯר֮һ
꣬½Ȼڳе꣬ϻδţ½ȻѾ⡣
һţһͽ
ԣѾǳȲģҪһ˵ǶڡʮΪʲôȤˡ
ֻʱ̫磬ûмҳźǰ
½ȻĹԱʮΪʲôһһСģԡλãǳĲˬ
֮ǰ鼮ʱΪʲôûִЩԱСģ°ŪƵġ
һעȥ飬ҪС
ߵŰɣŰɣǷõλã۲ȥǾ͸Ȥˡ
һλڰڷĹԱ½ȻһֱǣϵıƺΪĲãɻ󲻽⣬½Ȼ˵ⲿƷʮΪʲô𣿡
½Ȼڰ֣˵ǣΪⱾ鲻ôǵȤǰڷǸλã»װ˷ôõλá
ԱҲЩˬһģ˵ʲôһ˭
ǵǵİţҪʲô飿Ҫ𣿡
½ȻǲˬߵҪǻ飬ǡ
½ȻȥһʮΪʲôһڣѾٹȥˡ
Ҳνע۲ȥģһ
ġ



һǧİһ Ĵ
ĳС
䣬һѩȻ󣬵ýֵԵ̻ϣ˰ããһƬȥΪƯ
вѩһҲ¸ΣһѩеǸеˡ
ˣСˡ
ֵϣż·ĺͯץһѻѩ棬Ҳ䡣
һʮݸӣһʮСŮһֵϡ
СŮڵ·ߵĻѩƺǳȤԱݸӵһ·۾Ƕŵ·ԵĻѩ
ţСŮԴߵݸʵְ֣Ϊʲôѩأ
ݸЦŴΪ䣬оͻѩ
СŮŶһŤͷȥѩƬ֮ٴԴʵְ֣Ϊʲôͻѩ
ЦЦ˵ΪΪΪ
ݸӵЦݶʱһϣΪ֣ȻЩشŮ⡣
ΪѩҶ֪ǣΪʲôͻѩ
ݸΪӦ֪𰸣ԸողŻᲢԥҪش
ȻҪ˵ʱȴͻȻ֣˵
ΪʲôоԼӦ֪𰸣Ҫ˵ʱȴ˵أ
ݸ룬ҵԭ򣬿Լʵ֪𰸣ֻΪһַǳ򵥵ȻʶԼ֪𰸵Ĵ
ֻ˵ȷϡ֪һЩȴ޷׼ȷı
ְ֣Ϊʲôݸͷոת꣬Ůþûлشִߴһ䡣
ݸ΢Щκż˵ְҲ֪
˵ĻŮеʧӰŮĿУ֪Ĺ
ݸӲϣȻֲ˵һɻء
ӦǺã
ݸЩżʶŤͷĴǰʮԶĵطһ꣬ģΪĲС
ݸ۾һ飬ͯɶʮΪʲôڽʽС
ҪĴ𰸡
֮ǰҲȷʲôʱ򣬴Ůȥ￴һ飬ŮȤĻһ
ڣʱ
ǶСŮ˵һ⣬ְԼȥѰҴ𰸡ǰһ꣬һ飬ܹҵ֪Ĵ𰸡
𣿡СŮĴ۾һգЩ˷ܵ˵ѽѽְ֣ǿЩȥɣҪȥҴ𰸡
ݸ΢΢һʱˣʮΪʲôصĴãûУҲ㹻ʱ䣬ȥȥҴ𰸡
ݸӴŮ߽꣬һλԱѯʣʮΪʲôʲôط
ֲûʳڡ
ΪѾˡʮΪʲôͰڷ۵һչϡ
ʱʱ磬ȻҲŸոտӪҵ˲࣬ʮΪʲôչǰȽϿտ
ݸСŮߵչǰչһѾģԶġʮΪʲôݸСŮ˵Ȿ飬Ȿһûд𰸣
СŮӹ飬Щ˷ܣ˵һáȻ㷭飬ѰԼҪĴ𰸡
ݸӿԼŮһǳģοЦЦԼҲһԶҲ׼һң浽ûǸĴ𰸣
ûУóŮڿʱȥҵصĴ𰸡
鷭ݸӱ۾һҳϵĲɫͼǳȤ󡢺ںǵӦúǿ
ֻЩͼԺǿ϶ԶԶġ
ϾǿɶЩѧ֪ʶӦص㡣
Ȼĺ֮ǰЩ˵ǵĩˡ
صĿѧ֪ʶҲȻ֮ǰЩͯרǱϵǲһһʴʽ
һ⣬һ𰸣ûĶ
ݸӸտʼЩüԼŮֻſЩͼͼ׵Щѧ֪ʶ
ȻſţͻȻ֣Щѧ֪ʶƺ壬Щ׵ͼֻΪӦĿѧ֪ʶ
Ҳ˵ֱĩõ
ң֮ǰΪǳĿѧʴڴЩͼһ𿴣÷ǳȤˣһһƺҲõıʽ
ݸһϲƷ
ʱݸӺȻŮϲ˷ְְ֣֪ܵ֡ˣ֪ˣ֪Ϊʲôͻѩԭˣ㿴㿴
ǸĴ𰸣ݸӼȾϲֲ
ϲȻŮԼҵ˴𰸡
ңŮʱ˵˷ܣȻΪԼҵĴ𰸡
ԼĴ𰸣Ե˵˷ܡ
˿ʮΪʲôȷһǳõƷֵù
ǣŮȻҵ𰸣Щա
ݸŤͷŮ飬ҳϣȻһ⣺
Ϊʲôѩ
Ǵ𰸣죬¶Ⱥܵͣ߿Ʋ¶ȣ϶ȵʱеˮССѩ
ЩСһ䣬һָеˮƽԼ˶Ҵ
ˮڱᣬϵسɳ׳γѩ
Գʱѩͻһֱ½䣬ر¶ȣҲ϶ʱѩܴӸ߿һֱ䵽棬ڵϱܿѩˡ
𰸣ݸӲ˵ԭˡ
֮ǰǲ֪𰸣˿ҲбҪһⱾʮΪʲôˡ



һǧİ ԥĹ
ĳ
ݸӾԼҲбҪһʮΪʲô
ʵϣոڷĵʱ򣬵ȷ˲СȤ֪ܶʶ֪ġ
Ȼص㻹ŮǷⱾȤ
ǣݸʵϲⱾ𣿡
СŮĿѾصϣԲ̧ͷشϲѽְ֣ҷǳϲһһؼ֮Ҫ
ŮĻشݸʵѾµˣ룬ʵôϲЩ⣬ϲЩͼ
СŮһŤͷ˿ݸӣƺ̫⣬ԼĸΪʲôҪʣ˵ϲ⣬кö⣬ƽʱ֪𰸣ȴûġҲϲͼЩͼȤЩͼܹɵģסЩĴ𰸡ոǸΪʲôѩĴ𰸣ھѾסˡ
СŮ˵꣬ݸһϲԭЩͼܹǣɵļסЩĴ𰸡
֮ǰûʶģƷȻǷƷ
Щʴͼֱ
ڸոСŮ˵ʱмҳԼĺӣŰڷšʮΪʲôչСŮո˵Ƿ
һ۾ӣЩϲ˵СѣǳϲŵǱ𣿡
СŮ˿۾ӣֿ˿ԼĸףȻ˵԰ҷǳϲ
۾Ӻ༸ոһ߹ļҳϲ
ȻСŮϲôǵĺӦҲϲŶԡ
ңСŮ֮ǰǷ˵ϲǱ飬Щͼİ£Ƚ׵Щ֪ʶ
ʵ̫ˣǽźһ꣬Ϊȷһ£ԼĺǷǱȤ
ڿӦѾ˴𰸣ǵĺӻ൱ĸȤ
ȻӶˣúȿһҲ޷
ǣӴһ𣬷չϵġʮΪʲôԶ
۾ӡݸӵȼҳҲ໥˸к
ʱǣŷǳԵĹͬ⡣
֮ǰһЩģⲿƷ޷ǵȤֱֻ߳ĩõڿϹġ
ȷҾ˵ƷʲôʱʧûбҪźӹԶ
ȷûҪҵϺһ£ôҲٴźȥԶˣֱȥһˡ

֮󣬼λҳԼĺ뿪ֻ꣬ǴźԶһ£Ȼ̫õʱ䡣
Ȼȫһģѡ˹ʮΪʲô
ңֹһǶ˺ü
Ӧ׼ȥˣֻίǰæġ
ݸӼ뿪֮һֱվڡʮΪʲôչԶ۲ݸӼ˵½Ȼɫʮֵѿ
ԭݸӴСŮ߽꣬½Ȼ֮ǰ߽Ǽꡣ
ֻǣ½Ȼݸӵø磬ϡ⡱һλԱ޹֮󣬱һֱһˬվڣʮΪʲôչԶ
ҪЩźĹ˿ǰȻšʮΪʲôԶϵıзȻʮΪʲôȴһҲȥ
ӵĻ֮ǰǸԱͻ֪ȷںˡ
ܿ죬½Ȼ͵˵һ˿ͣһݸӴһΪɰСŮ
ǸСŮҲȷˣʮΪʲôԶڿ
֮ǰһУǵȷ½ȻĲ࣬Ȼȫͬˡ
СŮûпۣͰ£˵Լϲһ÷ǳԵӡ
½Ȼɫ˲ͱЩÿˡ
ɫԽԽÿֱݸӺ⼸ҳ˺üʮΪʲô뿪ꡣ
ӸոǼСӵıֿǱǵȻǳ
ôܣһһļʽ
ֻߣͲһһļʽ
иոռҳۣҲͬ½Ȼɫܲÿ
Ǽҳ˼ʮΪʲôҪˣ
ʮΪʲôˣٶԱ֮ǰƳƷ֤Ǻܣ
½ȻԽ룬ɫԽѿʱĿ˿ʼźԶʮΪʲôļҳҲͬԽԽࡣ
ʮΪʲôչǰѾ˼ҳͺӡ
ԶˣʮΪʲôԶ֮һȫţҪԼļҳԼ˵ǷǳϲⱾ顣
ҳȻǳϲģԥѡ˹
̨ǰʼ˳Ŷӵȴ˸Ŀˣһȫһֻ߼ʮΪʲô
½ȻɫÿĿһУһСʱ֮ں߷Ȼ߳š



һǧİ 
½Ȼ߷Ȼ߳ţѾȥˡ
ϣܹһֺ˵鲻ȤһСҲá
ȻûУһûС
վһСʱһгһٸӣˡʮΪʲôԶһ˵ȤĶûС
ȫȲģҪԼĸĸԼǱ顣
½ȻҲȥˣ߶뿪
֮ǰǣ뿪ʱҲ˳һʮΪʲôȥоо
һôܹ˵Щǣ
ȻԽԽջﻹʲô飬һȥо
оо
ţ½ȻֱӴһؼҡ
ʱһЩͯרǣҲͬǽϸȥ߳
Ȼġ½Ȼࡣ
ʵҲȷˣ½ȻǸһУֻȫһӰ
ڡʮΪʲôĹҲͬС죬ҳȥĺǣڶԶ֮ȫֳ˷ǳŨȤ
깺ʮΪʲôĹ˿ͣȫ˳
ҳһŶӣһ໥ŵġʮΪʲôԼҵĺӻЩʲôİȵȡ
ҳǶԵú˷ܣ·ǳĸߡ
Ҳѹ֣ںǵĽ⣬ÿһҳǳĵ⡣
һú˸ȤĿնβ˷ܣβˣ
ⲿƷܹḻǵĿѧ֪ʶܹǵļԼǵ˼ȵȡ
ֱǺôࡣ
ںô֮һ飬ҳȻϲѡ
ңһʮΪʲôķϣǳԵıעšһ
˵ڽ󣬡ʮΪʲôеڶǺܶಿ
üҳϲȻϣĺ飬ܹԽԽá
ҳ̸۵ĹУǻ᲻ϵἰⱾ
֮У˶м
ȥ괺ڼ䣬Ƴġ־ѾǷǳİ
ͨڡ־ѧϰ˷ǳ֪ʶҲǳõĶ˺ǵѧϰǳ
֮дǸɽ·ΪѧĿۡĶ⸱ӵ񣬾һֱĺǷܷϡ
ңԶģһһĺţϵķܷϡ
ڣƳˣоԺǰĿնʮΪʲô
˵ڶͯ棬Ѿ˷ǳĹףЩνĶͯרǵĹ׸
ЩרооȥҲûмоʲôõĶ
ȻҲûǣһ˹ҽ֮ƳⲿƷ
̸֮УҶԹҽһεľҲĶ֮ʡ

ѡڽȥĹ˿ͣ˴źӵҳ֮⣬Ϊٵģʱûкӵˡ
ȥԭҲܼ򵥣ȥһⲿƷô
ǿáʮΪʲôȴ˸ĳʱѾ˴𰸡

ϣڡʮΪʲôǷܹǵĻ⣬ѾǻһƬ
ǰδеͳһҳǶʾǶԡʮΪʲôȤǳŨһ͸ͣ
ңǿ֮ЧǳãĿѧ֪ʶǳ̣һ
мҳ˵ʵҳҲѡͺһ𿴣Щѧ֪ʶǳҲǳȤ
ңк֪ܶʶҳҲδ˽⣬ҳʵԺͺһѧϰЧá
⣬ڶҳǻ飬ЩûȥļҳǣٴźȥԶˣֱȥһؼҾͺãǾԻǳĸȤܹԵı֤
һڻδȥļҳǣ֮ǰҲȷǴ㣬ҪźһȥģͳһгȫҲûٴźһȥꡣ
Ҳˣӽ翪ʼǰ׼ʮΪʲôļҳǣдźһˡ
ͬǣʮΪʲôˣų

½ȻԼһڶͯרǣص֮Ȼȫһ
ϣϣܹϿһõϢ
Ͼֻһܹ궼ˡ

ֻǣǽϵϢһ֮ȴǸӵܻ
ǿ˵ڶͯĹףЩͯרһʱòһѪ
ǵ⽻Ⱥ½Ȼ⼸λͯרǣŭıԼߺͲ⡣
벻ͨʮΪʲôΪʲôôЩǣ
ǡߡķйһ֮һ˵ȫȥ꣬ûзǱ𣿡
ȻҲеĶͯרң½Ȼһߡ
ûУ㷭Ǳˣ
ǰˣȷţԶԶܹȵġҲȥһɣ֮Ǿ֪ԭˡ
⡭
½ȻͻȻĬ



һǧİ µ
½Ȼ˳Ĭ
ҪȥһʮΪʲôǾԲԸġ
ڶνĲˬȥ
ֻȷʵǳɻǡʮΪʲôΪʲôô
ԥ˺ܾãҧҧ¶˾ģҲãǾȥһҪһ֮
ǣʱ½Ȼٴλصˣ߶뿪Ǽꡣ
ʱ龰Ѿ뿪ʱ˲ͬＸûСӰǴֱһʮΪʲôȥŶӵŸˡ
½Ȼ̾һȥЩ˹ȻѾԡʮΪʲôȫˡ
ʮΪʲôҪƣѾ޷赲
ȻǳĲˬͲʣ½Ȼȴûκεİ취
գҲʵʵȥȡһ飬뵽ŶӵĳС
ܳȻŶӵȴûκεĽ໥֮ŹڣʮΪʲôĹͬĻ⣬ȫԵ÷ǳ˷ܡ
½ȻȻǵĻ⣬Ƿе顣
ȻҪŶӣǾͳûһɣʵѾȲˣֻԼԲϡ
飬տһСǱ飬һȻ̾
֪ˡʮΪʲôΪʲôܹǵԭ
֪ԭ֮ǳ˲Ȼ֮̾⣬ʲô

ʮΪʲôȫԽԽ𱬡
6ʱ򣬸ݵĲȫͳƣʮΪʲôѾ200ᡣ
ҽѧڵ֪һ֮˷ܵĹЦ
ʵӽֳѧ֪졶ʮΪʲôԵͲˡ
ݳʱѧ˷ܲѡ
ң⻹ֻǽֹ6ݣȵ12ʱͳƣعҲҪ250ᡣ
֮ߣǾʹŴҶⲿƷȫϿɡ
ҶⲿƷȫϿɣǾʹŽһεľͬõ˴ҵϿɡ
ڸмһƷͬʱҲͬм
Ϊ֮ǰ򹫸棬ѾΪⲿƷ˽ıǩ
ȻʵҲȷȷ˽֮ӶŴʮΪʲôⲿƷġ
ڸмͬʱҲмҲӦõġ
ѧЦĶҡ˵ϳأôƷֵΰɡ
ʮΪʲôһУõгľԿ϶ҡҲͬ˷ܲѡ
֮ǰȻⲿƷЩɣѧҪţⲿϹҽıǩ
ֻ֮ǰĿ͹۷Ϊ˽ǣǶʲô˽˶Թ
ڣʮΪʲôõҳģһºƼǹҽҲ˴Ϊ棬Ȼˡ
ڸ֮࣬Ҳѧ۹ѧһʣʾ֮ǰǵ۹̫խˣӦöƷʾɡ
ѧ˵˵ʣԵøˣһιЦֹ

ʱ˿̣ͬһ˷ǳ˷ܣǱǳĳҶԡ
֪ʮΪʲôԵͲˣһԶԶ200ᣬҶ˷ܲѡ
ʣԻһڡ־֮µĳ飬ǳĳ罫Ȿ飬ٴ׬һʴǮ
Ҷ˷ܵǣ⻹ֻǡʮΪʲôĵһȻеڶǸಿ
ΪⲿƷ׬Ǯ½һʮֿµ֡
ҶԽԽ˷ܣͬʱҲ¶ģһҪŬģάֺĿǰõĹϵ˵ǳʳĸҲ֡
Ȼĳ׬һµ֣ͬҲ׬һµ֡
Ϊĳĺʽ۷ֳɣĳ׬Խ࣬Ҳͬ׬Խࡣ

ʥ塣
Ѿ200ᣬûжһȻĶ˵
˭֪ҲװȻѡ
ʵϣҡء֣ࡢڵֹ֪6㣬ʮΪʲôѾ200֮ʵһ
Ҫ֪һλߵ飬յܹ10ᣬǾѾǷǳ˲ĳɼˣֵôһ
ͨߣܹ1ᣬǾѾ൱˲ˡ
ȴֱӾͳ200ᣬֻǽֹ6ӵʵغ蹵һ㡣
̾СӵƷʲôƷȻʧ
ʧһһľϲ
ҵȻ˵֮ⲿƷеĺǣܴȥǳİǹҵδⲿƷ彫ǱѰмСӿҪһĺúô
һЦ˵үүɷģȻá
طǳĵ˵ͷ



һǧİ 
215ա
ʽˣʮΪʲôݣ280ᡣ
280ᣬѧҶԵϲ½Ȼȶͯרǣ̾Ľֺޡ
ڸ˵̾ľ
ҡͷп֮⣬
ҡͷ֮̾࣬һֲ۷׷ס
280ᣬʵ̫ˣҵ˵غ蹵һ㣬Խ
Ӧߣܹ˿ֲ˰ɡ
ȻҪ˵û˭ܹӽ֣ôһˡ
˵ǹӹɣţӹȷܡֻϴֵ÷зСŮ¼ʧ˲ٵĶߡ
ʱȷʧ˲ٵĶߣֻһ롣
ˣ15ţûǴĻӦǡһڣЦеӰɡ֪һ֮Ķܹ٣
֮ǰĻعƷһӦüܹȫˡΪһڷ֮ģһս籩һܻ٣ɾͲ˵ˡ

һ۵һǡһڡЦеӡ
صͳݱʾһڵġЦ֮󣬡¡Ķ߻عﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮ
عƷһڣҲǽ췢еһ֮󣬡¡Ķߺпܻȫع顣
Ȿһϲѣȴ˭֪һ֮ˣð䡶¡Ķߣ˵һͨѡعûнڲ٣ͷ֮Ļչһս
ʹһ֮󣬡¡Ķǣܷȫع飿˺ܴı
ʵҲȷݸꡢͤϰĴԹ㣬ֹ12ʱ򣬡Ц־һڻƽ
Ҳ˵һڲûжµĶ߻ع飬¡ĶСŮ¼֮ǰİٷ֮ʮҡ
һЩ˵ۣȻЩģδѡعĶߣ˷ǳӰ졣
ΪԼνĽڲ٣Ϊ˲ͷѡɲع顣
һûѡع顣
һֵźҲٴţϴЩļһ
ǴһδӦȫˡ
ȻЩȻûѡعĶߣ֪Щ˵ıȴѡˡмơҲͬա
·ϣЩĸԸмơģδعĶߣһЩջ
Щûѡعǣеϧżһڡ¡£ʵ̫ˣֽһδ
ǰĸԸЩ֮˵ĵɣһڵľִˡ
ΪνĽڲ٣Ϊ˲ͷǾͼưɣǿǵġ

ջ֮࣬Ҳ֪ЩûлعĶߣʵŲ¡¡
Щһ͵͵Ŀ½ڵݣԴ˽½ڵݡ
ԣһһǣȫγĬǲ½ڵݣֻ˵½ξ֮ġ
ҪЩһΪûа취˽½ڵݣ͡
Ȼһ½ڵݣҲȷǳľʡ
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Ҫ˵ǣھһϵе֮붫аһڻҩʦ
ԸƢԣǳԻҩʦθڣҩʦϲЩֵܵ˼
ִɵÿе֪ˣԼĸԭǱضɱġ
ʵǱضɱ
ǹУĻ˵ŷɱ࣬ɱڣһƴڻص⬼ϡ
ص⬼ϣմŷ߶߶
ֻɵóճɵɵ˵òɣ϶ԼĸףǱضɱ
ˣһҪɱضˣΪԼĸױ
֮󣬾鼸תۣ֮ͯܲͨܲͨʣֹʦĦǡӵˣ˾ȡ
ǡ˾ֹȢޣֹȢ֮ŮȻСŮ
ԭСŮ뿪֮֮ʱ˼߻ħɥĽҰ⣬ҿ·Ĺֹȡ
ֹСŮòȢΪޣСŮѾټΪԼģӦ˼޸ֹ
ڴ鵱죬˾ȡ
СŮط꣬СŮȻټ޸ֹ
ȻֹΪ˵õСŮʹһϵеֶΡ
գеġ黨ˣΨһܹⶾİ취ǹеľ鵤

鲨۲ϣһǼΪ񫡣
˹ڣһǣȴ·ۣǾҪЩĸԸϵļһ͡
ʵϣЩȻѡ񲻻عĶǣȷʵ൱͡
ǱǰһͨϿҶ½ݵۣ˽½ڵĴݡ
ȻԶԶûԼĹ񫣬վ΢һ£Ͳǡ
ȻһΣ˵˵ȥȴʼղ˵½ڵľݣǺż
ż֮£̲סȥѯʣ½ڶЩʲôݣ
һǿѯʣе⣬ȴɺĬһ㣬ɲ½ڵľݡ
˵Ҫ֪ԼȥһڵġЦ
֮ȻΪЩˣȲѵѡع顣
Ҫ֪½ڵݣȴƫƫûУΨһİ취ֻǰȥһڵġЦӶȲѵѡعˡ
յĽȴֽȻͬľ档
ȷһСˣܹ֮Ҳ˲ʲôڲ٣Ȳѵѡ˻ع顣
Ȼڸ˵ǵִ֡
Ҫַǿǻع飬ƫƫͲع顣
½ڵڣǲ˵Ͳ˵ɣǲ˽Ҳˡ
ǼȻѡ˲ع飬ͲӦټԡ¡
ǵðǾͷ
Ӵ֮󣬾ͳ׵ĸ¡ɣĹپʣҲ޹ˡ
һǴֲŪɳ׾ˡ
ԭְͨ취ѡع飬ȴ뷴ˣǳ׾ͷ
Ҳǹݵġ
⣬ҲһЩ뷽跨ЩһǲϣǴ¡һƷ
ЩһﵹãҲˣƢˣ˵ʲôӴ֮󣬡¡Ҳ޹ء
군˵ú¡ϡƵģĵ¿ηΡ
һԽԽǵۡ
ǵûйϵֻԵĶԲӹ൱ǰЩ߳׵ĸˡ
Ȼ࣬Ҳ٣ӹ˽ص֮󣬸òɣ
һǲЩӦô죿
ȥЩһﺰǲеģٶʱڲС
ǿӦǺã



һǧİ 
ӦǺã
һһ֮󣬲ûҵʲôõİ취
󣬹ӹԾֲĴߡӭȢʾܺ͹ӹȡϵȥӹ˵һ˵عӹǡ
һһϲȻã׷ױʾߵĽ
ʥ塣
ڵǰеڶʮΪʲôĴȻⲿƷ˵ıϿɣ㾡ƳڶԸлҶⲿƷΡ
ӹQDϣӭȢϢӹ𣿡
ͣ´ظһ䣬ڵġ
ӭȢǹӹԾֲĴߣΪϤ֪Լһʲô飬Իظĺܿ졣
ȻӭȢʾǸ⣬Ȼ㽫˵˳
ȡӭȢ˵֮֪ʲô顣
ԴˣһЦ⡣
һǱһƬ⣬ȥңֻǶ໥֮飬ʵҪǸ
оԵģЩһġңпܾһڡЦ֮
ˣ㡰ӭȢʾԴ˲⣬ھΣҲǸǷģ˵Щһعġңпܾһڡ
һУӭȢӹԼĻظǳĸжͬʱҲЩ˷ܣӹȻأʵ䣬ͬ˵еĸܵӹ͡
󣬡ӭȢӹĻظԼԣЩǡ
ǿӭȢתģӹĻظ֮ȫж˷ܣһƬ
ӹȻǣӹأͬƷһ硣
ӹ˵ЩһһعģҺпܾһڣʲô˼ѵһصġ¡ʲôȼ㣿
ȼ㣿Ϊÿһڵġ¡кܶȼ㣬һֱҩʦܲͨھȺСŮٴطȵȣǶȼһǺȼ֡
ϻ֪¡ʱȼ㣬˵һڻһǳ⣬ǳȼ㣬Ȼ޷ͣӹǷ˼
ǳ⣬ǳȼ㣿ţչӹǷ˼ȷ⣬ʲôأ
ʲôѵСŮˣţƺȷܡ
ܰɣ׵ľͽˣ߾Ͳǹӹˡ
ǻʲôأʵŪ

ӹĻظϣһǵķ׷ײ²⡣
ЩոնϾˡ¡ͷģ׼ԶٻعĶǣҲͬ˹ӹĻظ
ǶϾˡ¡ͷǲǡ
һع飿ҺпܾһڣЩмΪѾļʯҲٻعˡ
һڵġ¡棬ٱȼ㣬Ƕعˡ
Ϊġ
Ƿ׷ʾ
ҷģһڵȼж⣬ж౬ǶٻعˣһξģǵҲҪлǰǾͷ
˵ûȻһڵȼǳ⣬ǳǾͺúܰɣǲٹˡ
ʵɣһһڣһǳ⣬ǳȼ㡣Ͼǹӹġ¡Ҿǲع飬

ЩһԿգ̲סĻؾ
УعͲع£˭ϡǻعƵġ
ǣǲֻǼٵһֶ߶ѣǲ࣬ǲ١
ĵ¿ηΣǲعá

ǵĻؾȻͬЩعĶջҲͬؾ
úúã˵úãǲ٣ǾԼɡ
˶࣬˲ǵǲԼľ˰ɣ

˫Խ˵Խ󣬱ͬһսߵսѣȴƫƫΪ໥жԵġˡʮֵĪκΡ

ԡָΪΪ׵һǣһ޲˷ܵĹЦ
ĽֱԤڵĸ
һðЩδعĶߣһ籩Ϊ̶ֻܹȵģӻЩδعߵĻعʱ䡣
ȴ룬һڷ֮һԸһֱӾͶЩδعĶǣعͷ
ң˫ڻڲϵġսһЩ˾͸Ӳܻعˡ
ԡָΪΪ׵ģһϲ⣬׷ǵĽȺ˷ܵ˵
ֱڹҧоʵ̫ˬˡ
ֱԤڵĸãЩԶܻعˣֱ
ӹ˻ΪһڵʱЩ߶ع飬ֱǳ˵
úúãӹڼȻ˵ⷬȵһڵʱЩûлع飬ţ
ڵķǳڴһڷеʱܹ㵽ѾȲҪӹɨˡ
ЦЩǣ˻֪ڲϵļǵɵÿɰ
ӹ˵ŲЩԣ϶ǳĲˬֻ˵ȻҪԣʱطǳѻɡˬ

һǣԽ˵Խ˷ܡ



һǧİ ܱȼ
ʱѧί칫ҡ
貨˿˽µģ¡½֮Ҳ໥֮һµݡ
ҲϣӹǵĻظԼǺЩعĶ֮ġս
˫ս貨˲Ȥ
ڹӹǵĻظȴЩȤ
˵裬ΪЩ˵Ӧòûдһڡ¡ȷһǳȼ㡣Ȼӹаյ˵Щһع飬Һпܾһڡ
貨Ƭ̣˵Ҳͬ˵ңһڵݷԼ򵥵Ʋһ
ŶǳȤĿ貨Ц裬˵˵
貨һЦ˵Ƿ񻹼ǵڹӹոƳ¡ʱڷӹΪʲôѡдӢ۴˾ƷԭʱᵽһǳҪԭ򣬱ǡжڹ̻ơ
ͷȷڡ񡷽ʱ򣬹ʮ꣬ﻹûȫɳȻҲûп̻ơ˼ǣӹһ׼Ǹǳȼ㣬йأ
貨ͷҵȷ²ģǿһڵݣᵽɹŴѾ¹ͣԭȺۣȥЭٱسǣ𽥷һڵʱ򣬻ͽȫ
ȻȻֻ͡¡йأ϶ضˣɱ֣һҪɱ˶˱
ôҪҵȻҲͬҪȥǡʱ򣬱ȻᷢһЩеĹ£Щ»ͽʹãȫҲؽӰ죬Լĳɳ
һ˵裬ͷͷǵ˵ûȫûгɳֻŶŮ˽飬游
ȻⲢûдһߣܹ̻Ŀǰ̶ֳȣѾǳɹˡӹĿ̻Ȼһֱĳ̶ȣȻ᲻ϵĳɳ
ҪɳԵĻйأһڵأǳڴ
貨ͷǰȷǳڴȻϽֻǵķϲ²ѣ᲻ʵҲ˵׼
һЦ˵Щڣڵȷ˵׼ķ϶ǲġ
貨ͬһЦ˵ķȷӦôˣôڴһڵذɡ

ʥ塣
Եǰ֣ࡢҡ壬սһ壬һ߻졣
ţҲͬ˵ˣǵĻظ
СӾôаգһڻЩȫ
֣ЦһЩ²СӦһ׼һǳȼ㡣
ҵǳȼ㣿ҿδж౬ֻϣһڷ֮СĪҪ˾ͺá
һµķʿһҪǣӦҲȥɱνķǳȼ㣬йأͿˡ
Цӡ񡷵񡷣ٵڵǣӦþҪȫˣҲҪһɳһڵݣЩҪ
֣СӲ˵Щ
ҵԸСܹ󳹵׵ķܸоһ˼Ҫɳģ͸ˡ

ڹӹǵĻظһȺ˷ǳĹעӣǱһǡ
ӹаһڵʱЩѾعѡع飿
ڶǣ⡣
ûһʱǳս籩ЩһѡعĿԷǳ
ûв֮ǰǵһս籩һЩѡعĿҲС
ǵѾ׵ĶЩδعĶǵͷҪһȫѡع飬Ǽǲˡ
Ȼӹȴ˵ЩһعģҺпܾһڡ
ӹΪ˵ţ
ΨһĽͣƺȷֻв²һڵأзǳȼ㡣
ʲôأ
һǻţֻȥʼ۲Ȼ
ȻҲȷ۳
ϾӹΰһڵڣԼ֮⣬˲֪
վû貨ֻ֣ࡢҡؼ۹⣬Ǹ
ΨǰĴңҶһʡ¡Լǰ㽭Ĵң˾ơ߸ȼǣԼԼܹµһЩ



һǧİ ޷
־硣
Ҳͬ˼⡣
ǳȼ㣿ѵ󣬺ĳɳйأ뵽ʱ۾ͻȻһ
Ľһ񣬷ǳĸо仯˵뵽ʲô𣿡
˵ͷ˵ȷһЩ²⣬Ҳֻǲ²⡣
֮Լո뵽뽣һ˵ˣ֮˵СƣĿǰĸֱǹӹη󣿡
һϸһ֮˵࣬ʵ˵ΪѾܷˣ벻Ӧνһ
ȷѾǳˣֻǣʼոоҪһʲôܹһ㲹룬ǻŻķֻǣһʲôأһҲ벻һԤУӹ֪һʲô
һüͷһ˵˼ǣһڵѲһ㲹룿
ͷܷǳСƣһڡ¡طǳҪʱҪϸо
֮ǰĽһ񣬴ʱȻӦﲻмڽһȴıһ˵֪࣬ˣһġ

貨ˣ֣ࡢҡˣֻеߡ༭еǣȫһڡ¡أڴ
ΪָΪΪ׵һǣҲͬǳڴڴŵʱЩûлع飬ӹɨء
ЩѾԶٻعĶǣʵҲЩڴ
ΪλڴȻΪǵʵȻ᲻¡
ȻˣҲǳ϶ԼѾԶعˡ

롶¡н˶ڴʱҲ
ʱҴҶ
⼸ʱʮΪʲôڶѾɣֻûĳ淢С
ڵгһʮΪʲôҲҪȵʱȥ֮󣬲żƳڶ
Ŀǰʱ䣬ʮΪʲôһѾ2000ᣬϹ˵˫ۡ
϶Ȿ飬һɫȫǸ֮ʡ
ܶҳʾǵĺڿˡʮΪʲô֮󣬱ñ֮ǰϲҲ˼ˡ
Ҫģ֪ǲǴǸоԼĺӣñ֮ǰӵĴˡ
һ㳹״̼ˣЩûΪԼĺӣʮΪʲôļҳ
ӿ֮󣬻ñȽ֮ǰӵĴ
ǲǴʮΪʲôһҪˡ
ϾκһλҳϣԼĺӱøӵĴ
ң棬Ǳ˼ҵĺӶˣԼĺûпǲ
ҳôܹ
ʮΪʲô¸ߡ
ҽѧҡ˿޲ϲѡ
ǿˡʮΪʲô֮󣬻᲻øӵĴ˵
ǣǿ֮󣬻֮ǰϲҲ˼һǿ϶ġ
ڣôĺӶˡʮΪʲôôǶøϲҲ˼
ǹҵδڹ˵ȻһǳõϢ
ʮΪʲôڵ壬ǱѰ
⣬¡Ƕά˹ࡢ¼ˣҲѾ뿪˴ӣ
ÿˣũׯʳģЩʳĽ
µ˴ũׯʳģҲ˹ũׯµĴ˵
ҡλүӲû뿪ɻס
ңλүѾ㳤ڴˡ
Դˣϰ֡ȻǳĻӭҲǳĸˡ
218죬ɽѧУѧѧУʼһѧڵĽѧ
СѾͷҲͬѧУʼһѧڵѧϰ
ѧУֻĩʱŻشӣƽʱЩģְӨ˴ӡ

⼸ʱ䣬Ϲڡ¡صĻ⣬ʼڳһֱӸ߲¡
˶ţһڡЦķС
ڣʱѾˡ
222գһڵġЦС
峿
Ϊһصġ¡пܻһǳȼ㣬ѾȲ
ˣ峿ڸͤΧűͤ꿪ӪҵԣԶҪ಻١
һߵȴһ죬һȫ´Ҵң벻ʱ
˵Щһ𣿡
أϴκ취ǻϣǴһ˺飬һĻˣƢǵġ
ǣӹȱһߣһһܱȼģЩһ￴
˵ʲôȼ㣿ҿڴһˡ
֪Ҹо¡ƪȼ㣬ʵǲ֪ܱȼ㣬ʲôӵȼ㣿
Ͼͻ֪ˣҵһ㣬һڵʱ䶼ˣҲһˡ
˵ҲǣȴԽԽ˷ܣ޷
ٺ٣Ҳ޷




һǧİ ΪΪ֮
ΧڱͤΧűͤ꿪Ӫҵģһ޷
ԽԽ˷ܵĵȴУϰˡ
ΧŵǣԶҪ࣬ϰҲ⣬ϵҲйעȻ֪еԭ
Ҳˣǽʱ䣬ҲƽʱҪһЩ
ģҲһĵĹ˿͵ȵ̫òǡ
ͼˣţ򵥵һ£Ȼʽۡ
ϰǷǳһǮһ߽յġЦݸѾȲĹ˿ǡ
ϿſʼǰЦˣûжϹ
ⲻ˵һڵԶڸߣǺܶ˶ϰߵĹʱ䣬ø硣
ȫǳȲģҪһصġ¡
ǣڶǣ貨ǣȫ˸ո򵽵־
Ȼأӵʮµġصϸڶʮ¡ΣŮӤ
һڵľ飬ȻǴӵʮ¿ʼ
;ȹֹŮ࣬Ϊһϵеԭ򣬵һʮɵ֮С
ص׷һֽŽϣ书ȴǿϸ
ϸǱˣȻǹֹӣҲǹĸס
ϸǧߣһݣȻˮƯǧá
ǧ书Щֻ֪и磬ȴ룬иãһ档
ǧ֮Իصףԭǵ͹ֹ֮䣬ΪһϵеìܣֹüֽŽġ
һʮʱ䡣
֮빫ཫǧ߾ȳ
֮󣬾鼸תۣǧߴ˲˹ֹΪ˾µˡ
ʱܡ黨֮ʮ
ΨһԽⶾľ鵤»ʣһţǧߵС
ǧ߸ž鵤ȥɱ˹ض֮ٻš
ԭǧߵĶǧдһ˵ǵĴǧɣѾƷϣض֮ʣ׹ȶԼڻɽ֮һƴʦ㻯Ѿţǧ߲Ҫǣңúơ
ǧȥɱ˹ضˣȻΪǧɱ
ʵǧ֮Ի׹¶ʵԼȡض޹ء
ǧȻô࣬Ҫɱض˱
󣬵ǷǳϲʹҪȥɱض游ǧߵҪ󣬲Ϊˡ
ɱ˹ض֮󣬻ȡž鵤ˡ黨֮󣬾ͿԺСŮ˫˫ˡ
ʱġ
ʱ䣬ɼ˼֮ңɹŴڽǡ
ɹŴ֮ԾùǣֻΪһˣ
Ⱥǹٱسǡ
ʱĹ书ȻԽ˻ҩʦһƴʦˣѾԭһڱΪǵ
ڹٱڹ£ŽһģĵסɹŴĽ
úθ̾һղǱһղᱻơ

貨˿ʱȫڲסİԵͷȻǣڱԽԽѾǷǳԲˡ
ǵȴʼոоƺһʲôһʲô˵һָо
ֻʵѾʲôˣѾԲˣŵģֲһʲôĸоֻһֲڵĴ
һǣҲܹͬоѾǳԲ
ͬʱ룬ȻҪɱض˱ӦҲȥǰɡ
ʵҲȷΪԭ򣬺СŮˣźҡֹʦӵˣһǰۼͷ¡
ֻǣʱһҪɱ𣬶ڹسǣûʲôо
ƸֹʦӡĦǵˣʽΪЩ书ǿ֮ˣдɱ˭ܹɹɱżķ͡
ұʾԸȥɱҹɹŷǳߣҲҪ͡
Ȼϲ˵湦֮Լʳԡ
СŮ뵽С
˵ĵǳϲ˵ɹűһƽǰ֮
ʱĻѾڼûгСŮˡ
ϲ´Ļؿߣûгʵٺò
˵ѯʱľԶʧʱľԵ˵һ¡
ѯ󣬹˵ǰǿ²ѹµΣѡǴΰڽɽϣ˳ʧֻҴǧգ㾡Ϊɹ˵ūˡۼɹ˲ɱĲ״ѪΪ֮С
;УɹűʩŰбɲɺ޵龰Ҳҧظǻŭ
֮󣬹ֵұѧ䣬Ϊ£塢ȻǱݣֻ֮СߡһʵΪΪ񡢷ܲȻҲޣΪʵܹ֡ʮɾͶȻԶʤңǲ˵ġֻͷμšΪΪ֮ߡ˸֣պ£Ϊ
һֿУֻȻݣɫׯϣ֪Լɱ֮ȴҲȻ𾴡
ΪΪ֮ߡ
˸֣ʱѧί칫ҵģ貨ˣȻϵ˫΢΢鼤ૣˣˣľ



һǧİһʮ µĸ߶
ΪΪ֮ߡ
˸֣貨˻Ȼվ˸Լ˵һͬһȶҽǵԺȻѸȫÿһϸ
һǰδеļ¶ʹȫѪҺһͻȻȼգǰδе˷ܺͼ
ΪΪ֮ߡӹ˸֣ڹʲôĴһʼΪΪߣĴ
貨˫ȭգԺֻ֮һˣˣľˡ
ˣȻ֮ǰܸоһʲôѾӹ˸֣ǳĲ롣

־硣
ͬȻվ˫֮ȫȵĹʣ촽źϣ鲻Խ˵ԭԭڸоӹȻţС˵һˡ
ֻţһΪΪĴηػȻôܷΪΪ֮ߡź
ૣ˼ǧʱ˿̣׵׵ĳˣӹС˵һ˵ĵλԶܳԽ
ͬڴ־磬һнΪΪ֮ߡ˸֣˷ǳ飬Ȼһ̾
֣͹ӹĲ֮࣬ǰΪĸ󣬲ʵϵĲ࣬дȫĲࡣ
ûмҹµǻѪûյ黳ȣǲд˸ֵġ
˸Ȼдǹӹûľ磬дó
С˵һˣֻйӹʸ񣬽һûа֮̽ġ

Ҷһʡ¡ˣҲͬ̾
ʶǺ͹ӹ֮Ĳֻ࣬ʵϣھϵĲࡣ
ǻͣڽϵĵ⽣ӰŮ鳤ĻЦ֣ɾ书
ӹѾ֮һ֣ǵΣ˼ҹµĸ߶ȡ
ΪΪ֮ߣܵӰ죬ڽȻҲΪΪΪ֮ߡ
Ȼ̾
ڳ֮̾Ʋס˷ܺͼ
ǰ˸֣˵һѪڣܹΪΪΪ֮ߡ
ôǱµǣҲͬԳΪ֮ߡ
Ӵ֮ǱµġŸߵľ硣
˷ܡڴ

ͬʱԶ㽭˾ơ߸ҲͬȻһ̾
ڵصСӢ۴йǣʵжڹʲô֮ߣ
ΪΪߣΪ֮ߣС˵һ
С˵ҲΪΪ񣬳ΪػյΪвɶҡʯ°Ρӵ;
ˣˡ
С˵˴ﵽһµĸ߶ȡ
˾ơ߸˳̾ڵصС˵Ѿ㽭С˵һΡ
Ȼڳ֮̾ҲͬһѪڵĳ嶯֮ߵź

һǣҲͬǰ˸֣˹˵һ
ͬеѪӿǰδе˷ܺͼɫ졣
ƲסĽ
ɣɣС˵ǣѧǿɡ
ΪΪ֮ߡС˵һ˹ӹ֮ߵڹ͡
һߵľ磬С˵ֻн𣬶Ů鳤һΪΪ֮ġ
ǻΪС˵ߣҲܹõʱѧ
ǻС˵ʱѧϿɶڻ
һС˵ǣֻеһǰδеĽ
ֽ֮ǰӹƾ衶Ӣ۴ʱѧʱйһΡ
ڣǵڶΡ
һΣһθӵǿҡ

ʥ塣
˫ȭգȻɢһɣ۱Ĵ֮ƣһؽ·ֻصѪֲпսϡ
ܿ죬ұ㽫һգͷ˵ţΪΪ֮ߣ˵úãѵСӻ˵Ļ
ҵĻΪƽģԶƽ
ΪΪ֮ߡ˸֣ضĲԶ˸ӵǿҡ
Ҹոյһƣһ£пش󽫾Ƶǲ
صһЦ˵СӲռҵŮΪΪ񣬷Ϊ֮ߣ˵úã˵úð
صͬΪƽҶ֪ϽҲͬܲƽ
һЦ˵⹫үүǿɶ߳ƣΪҷһӢۣΪؼҺռҵǱҪ̳λүӵ־ǡ
ҡض˾һۣͬʱ˵Сˣƶ졣
ϣ֣ࡢǺǶЦǵҲͬƽ
֪Ӵ֮С˵ĵλ½һΡ
ͨڣͨǰ˸֣С˵һȫµĸ߶ȡ
пǧԡԽŮǰ󲻵ʱ䣬ȴС˵ĵλһһε
С˵ˣҲǵˣȻҲǵˡ
ʱˡ


һǧİһʮһ 
ȫء
ǣʱҲͬѪȣ֡
ΪΪ֮ߡ˸־һǵʡ
ֻоȫδй̹Ҳһθеü
ǿС˵Ѿܶꡣ֮ǰС˵ǱΪǲС˵ûжС˵
Ǹʱǣ˼˵С˵ߣ±˳Ц
ŹӹĺճС˵ĵλԽԽߣҲԽӡ
ӹƾ衶Ӣ۴ʱѧ֮С˵ĵλǰδеߡ
ǣҲܹĸ߱ˣС˵ԣϲС˵
ΪС˵ĵλѾ˶㡣
ȻڣӹǣС˵ܹٴµĸ߶ȣĻҹ£ΪΪ񣬾Ϲᣬѵĸ߶ȡ
С˵ֻΪ˰Ϊ˽Թ
ǻԳΪе֧ػյİȫػļ԰ǻǱӢۡ
ʷסӢֻۣС˵е鹹
ԼһУȥػǣȥػİһ
С˵еλһС˵Ҳٴµĸ߶ȡ
еС˵ǣԽԽǼԽԽǽΪС˵ΪС˵еӢｾΪС˵йӹΪС˵Խ
ţܶѾӯ
صġ¡Ĺ£ڼ
ʱеǣﶼһͬԸ
ǾϣܹɳɳΪһλΪΪ
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Ǹʱǣֻϣܹһ书СŮһ˫˫ɣ
ڣ֪иҪʹҪ֮УػػգΪӢۡ
еǣĳɳڴ
濴ȥ
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ֻ˯⣿ջذףŶ޷Ѿ˯ŵĹֻҪһ֣ܹȡ˹
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䡢Ȼ壬ӦòɱĸףĪҪɱ˺ˡ
һҹվû֡
ڶգһͬѲӣ˳һСɽ֮ϣʹصס
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֮дҪǣسǾУɹŵļϸ룬ܿš
ʱ򣬺ɹŴϮ
سǣ˵ɹŴǡ
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ڹĳǽ̤ϣһԾһ׵书
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ǰȥɹŴӪһ֮ڻǵ;УֹʦӡĦǡ˽֡
һսֹʦӡĦǡȸ֣ǵ˿·磬ҳ϶ˣԽԽӾ硣
Թ۶ӦɱĴʱ
˫һ󣬹ѪҪһ룬Ȼ·磬վҲ޷սʤֹʦӡĦǡ֡
Ѫ󼱣¹ϺѪ֮󣬾ͻʧȥɱĻᡣ
鼱֮£װˣˣ֮£ߣڱϡ
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ȻʱͻΪءּ֣ǰ˵ΪΪ֮ߡϹᣬѡһ仰ؼ䶷Ȼʡ
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ʱ֮䣬ʱһϽ飬Щɱʣȡ塱䣬Ժ쳣ɵüȾ޵أ־߰
ۼǿϮϵһߣƽʱû뵽ͷʱͻȻ͸ޱȡ
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һǿ޲˫ȭգĳɳˡ
ܹض˵ĸȾ͸֮ߵУ˼ҹ£°յļֻ࣬Ǹ֮𣬶Ů鳤
Ӵ֮ɴһͨɱ䡣
ǸʱȻҲͬڵĹһյӵͰ֮䡣
е˷ܡڴ
濴
һХγӽſڣһ书߳ĽֹʦȻ塣
֮СŮİ£ԼĻͼıڽֹʦӵ֮䣬뷽跨İȫýֹʦӵҵ
ؼʱ̣裬һһŮ̥
һһŮȡãӽ²Ů壬ȡΪ²֮⡣
󣬾鼸תۣصŮ֮ΣСŮŸոճС뿪
СŮС壬ֹʦ򶷵͡
ֹʦ֪СŮŮӤǹض֮Ů󣬲ϲŽɱ˹ܹ¹СŮΪպҪЮ֮ãҲǴһ
ǣֹʦĿ⣬׼СŮеŮӤ
дɣĪСŮһŮӤҲͬϲ
ΪŮӤСŮ֮ŮҲҪЮСŮʦؼŮľ
ֹʦĪҪС壬СŮҪС塣
սһ
һϵеıֹ֮ʦĪˣΪС໥׷𣬴ӳ׷˳⡭

ؽһǿصһ仰þòƽ
һڵʵ̫ȼˣȼǴͷβʼ˷ܡֹֹһεᡣ
ΪΪ֮ߣϹᣬѣ˵һʼ׹
ֹʦӡĦǡΧˣ֮󣬹
жͬһеģŹصǡ
֮Уֶ˷ĬסֹʦһʱĬԼҲҪ͹سǡ
ֻΪĬ֪һʱᱻƣΪеİգԼˣʲô
ǿϮ˵ĹĻأȻǣȻڵİգȻǹҡ
Ⱦڴ󳹴򣬻
ȵеһУ˵˼ƽ
һڵأ¡ڷĬһĺܣС˵ȫµĸ߶ȡ
ʣһڵأ¡˵žԾصá
е˷ܵͬʱֲһ뵽Щ˵ԶٻعĶǡ
Щһﲻð˾ʵƷǺһȥɡ



һǧİһʮ ѡع
뵽Щ˵Զٻļһǣһ˾ƷһǣǸеź
Ȼ뵽һβĳ棬һߣǲҪ뵽Ǿ
󣬾Ͳȥˡ
һصҪ;ʣһ̫ĸܺ뷨ҪȲĺ˷ﻹʲô˼ȥЩһ
ϣ˷ּģԼ˴δ˿̵͸ܡ
⼸أʵ̫˼ˣ˵ҿС˵һΡ
ǰ̫ˣֻ˵жкüζʪ۾ӹͨ⼸£С˵µĸ߶ȡܿӹС˵ʵˡ
ֹǵˣӦ˵С˵ˡ
ΪΪ֮ߣһ뵽˸֣;ȫѪҺڣĴأصĴ
˸֣ᵽʲô׹ţӦý׹ۡ
书ӦǵһˣͲ֪᲻ܲͨǿ
ӦҪǿһɣϾҲһֵ׳ꡣھͿ书ܹɳʲô̶ˡ
ڹӰ£ڻӴ֮֮ӵڴţһܹΪһ֮ߡ
ǰֻϣСŮ˫˫ɣ֪ˣиҪʥʹɳˣҲһɳˡ
Ӵ֮ҿ˭С˵üü

˷ּϵһֱӸ߲¡
ʱЩϴ˵Բٻعһߣʱȴܼ尾
֪һڡЦеʱ䣬ǼȻѾع飬Ȼȥ
ҲԼҪһЩҪȥšЦ췢оͷ£ʲôϵ
һ磬ҲȷʵȽϵûôȥ롶Ц飬żҲܿ챻ѹȥҲûȥϵ
ȻһǾ𽥵Щˣ뷨ҲԽԽࡣ
ⶼһȥˣӦкܶѾˣһصġ¡˰ɣ֪ʣ
չӹϴζЩһĻظ²⣬һƺʲôܱȼ㣬Ҳ֪ǲģ
֪ڵϣûһڵݣӦûаɣһһЩһﻹͨİ취ǿǻع顣
УԽǿȣǾԽع顣
ҪȥϿһЩһҲۣһصݡ
ţȥһЩһһΣûڴʲô⣿
ԣǲҪȥûһݵۣȥһЩһûٴ⣿
һڼһҵˣȥϿһɡ
ǲģǾֻԼ֪ˡ
ǣϡ
ţһڡ¡ݵۣƺܸ߰
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Уͼôܻϵ
ġ
ȻͷոսǵԴ˵һ£ըˡ
ǿ˰˸֣ΪΪ֮ߣ
ΪΪ֮֮ߣûС˵ûпΪǣϹѵĳûп˸֮ǰ˵һֻǵ˸֣ѾǵԴըˡ
㶵Ŀ˸֣߶һ֮󣬲Щع
֮ǵɫʣĿֱȲȥǶڽصݵۡ
֮ǰΪģϣԲΪ˿ݵͷѾ˲ˡ
һʵҲûɶЩһҲֻ֪ҪȥЦҲع鲻ǡ
ġ
ֻǣԽԽ죬ԽԽԵü۵̫ݣ޷
ʱڶң׷Լĸ΢ϣ˿һصġ¡֮ܡ
΢Ϸģ㽭дΪΪ֮ߣȻĳȣлӹһΣС˵ĸ߶ṩߡС˵йӹʵ˴ҡ
ʱѧ칫д֮ǰһЩģӹѡдӢ۴һľڣӹǣ¡ǡ񡷵ǹ֮ƣһжȻ
ʱѧ칫貨д֮ߣʦʣҲ֮ߡڣǹͬڴ
⣬Ҷһʡ˾һңˣ΢ϱԼĿ
֮󣬸ýرҲһ㣬ͣð
ΪΪ֮ߡӹ֮ڣС˵ǿ
С˵ٵµĸ߶ȣۼҹ£Ļգ֮ߣ

Щ˵عļһǣǵۣڶǵ΢ֿýı
ֻоȫѪҺԽԽڣҪۿصģ¡ԸԽԽǿҡ
Ժȫǣڽصġ¡ƬΣҪЩƬΣһƬԸԽС
ԽԽС
ڣ˸߱ͤ



һǧİһʮ Ҫϰ
Щ֮ǰ˵ԲعĶߣڵֵջ˸߱ͤ
ʲô˵ع飿
һˣǴû˵¡ٴС˵߶ȵ飬ôܲع飿
ţԣһֱû뿪òã֮ǰֻǸҿЦԾһ
һһš
ȵܵͤʱ򣬡ϰ壬죬Цһ
ֽӹϰݹġЦǮͻȻһ飬ʵϰ壬һڵġЦûУ
һڵĶûпЩɱļһҲûһڵݣڶһڵݣһ㶼֪ȫ±ơ
һڵģһڵû˰һڵʱû𣿡ϰɻʵȻͻȻʲôƵģϸĴһۣ˵ˣӦþЩ˵ع˰ɣٺ٣һڵġΪΪ֮ߡˣ
ͤǰɫ΢΢һ죬¶ôܳϣ
˵ϰ壬ˣҲЩˣ֮ҪһڵģΪһڵģҲС˺һЩŴһղء¡ʵƷǱҪúõղأ˵ǲǣϰ塣
ϰƵģȻҴǺЦûӦúúõղأԺӹ϶ǻʵģǸʱղҲԡ
ͤǰҡͷⲻһʵҪղأص־ҲҪղءˣϰ壬Ҫβһڵģ
ϰЦЦ˵ûУһЩͤĴԶܼʡ
Ҳֻˣлϰ塣
ǣӽ翪ʼȫвٵıͤǰǰѯʣûһڵġЦ
֮Уϲ񣬱֮ޣһɥ
ܿʹϡ
Ƕ˵ƺвٵˣڵһڵġЦءҲӦþЩһˡ
ٺ٣ȻЩһˣЩһվǵֵסһڵջˡ
ΪΪ֮ߡһֵܵסջŹأǵ󹺵ӣҲ
УɶÿģԼȡ˭һҪװţڰã
˵ڰһڵ־ϸ߼۳ۣЩһ᲻򣿵ȻҾһʣֻһҿ᲻ǡ
٣ҹӦûֻҪļ۸̫ţıǿ϶ǻġ
֪һӦö򼸱˵׬ȡһڵء

Щ˵عļһǣĴһڡЦĳһǣͺЩֻ
һʱװƣ򶼲˰ɣ
һǵ飬Щˬ
һ룬뵽ϴЩļһ
뵽ϴЩļһ־ЩһڻعҲá
ΪһϴЩģһǵļƻɾȫʧˡ
ϾЩļһĵˡ
ڣ¡ĶȫعˣЩһǵɫػἫΪѿ
뵽һǵ飬ȸո֮ǰָ泩ࡣ

һһԡָΪΪ׵ģһģǣʱɫȷΪѿﲻˬ˼㡣
ˬǳĲˬ
ʱǵ黹ǷǳˬģΪһڡЦˡ
ʱǾͿԿӹɨˡ
Ϊӹų˵صġ¡Щ˵صĶѡع顣
Ȼ֪ӹΪʲôôţ֪Щǿ϶ѡعġ
һӹԵɨأǵǳˬҲǳڴ
Ȼ統˽ˣһڡ¡ݣԼֵ֮
ͻȻһֲõԤС
ԤеЩߣ㲻Ļѡع飬ǿʼʼЩܹӲףܹסԼĽڲ٣˵ع飬ع顣
ֻǣǵȻûã翪ʼģЩĴһڡЦĶǣʧܡ
ջǹһǼȵĲģȵĲˬȵҪй
ǣʲôأһڹӹ

ʥ塣
Щ߻ѡع飬һҲ⣬뵽һ㣬һβŻظЩԡ
֣ࡢءˣٺЦôλүӣҾ˵Щһﶼɣⲻȫ𣿡
λүӿ˿
һ˵СҲNɪҪһдʲôع鲻ع¶
ϸ˵òЩ֮Իѡ뿪ȫΪС˼һˣСӾӦúúõĸл˼ңNɪʲô
ء֣ҲͣЩNɪģǾЩ
ƲƲ죬ֹ˼䣬ȴû˵ʲôøλүӡƽϡҪϰײǡ



һǧİһʮ ˮɣ׷
223ա
ʥ壬
ҡء֣ࡢλүӣԵЩȤ˵Ҫһ˭
ⲻĸүһͣԵúЩרע
ءӨŮҲµĶһԿš
ſţ˵򣬡Ӵ桷ǲǿҪˣ
Ӵ桷ÿ10㣬΢׼ʱ£ÿ£ûжϹ
ڣѾصָ״Ԫʥ϶׼ʡס
ڹ;У֪֮䲻нһ档
ȻҪߣﲻϣձˣǰ档
Ĳѵְγභһ
֮󣬹ʿշð¿״ԪĽֻ࣬ĸ
ɽУڼڴеĸɡ
ֿͬһؼңžۡ
Ȼȴ˵Ѿ飬Ե쳾Ƿּ£ܹؾۡ
ȻǾԲ뿪ɽµģɽ³ңΪҪ깲ܹͬ
ǣ
ΪǰµԼ
Ұ
쳾һĳ
įҵİ
һӣ
һһƬա
Һ㣬
λھ
ת
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㰮Ľᣬ
ǰһƬ죬
δ˵˱
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ЦȻ־ĸТж죬ʿǰ
һЦ˵ͺá
Ӵ桷֮һƷѾ׼ˣҺȻ˵
ͷ׼˰֮󣬽žͿʼһƷ
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ҵȷģҶѾĹ˼⣬һƷյǲƷͬ
ŶµʵѵƷͬһϵ
Ҳ˵ǻԵˡ
ҵãСأʱҪһǲС˵磿
ٺһЦ˵⹫ڴǣȻʧ
ЦЦû˵Ǽרĵ㣬ɲء֣ࡢˡ
˵һƷҲ׼ˣ͡Ӵ桷ͬһͣ
ȷ׼ˣ͡Ӵ桷ͬһͰɣһϵħС˵
ðɡֹ
ʱϾҪ10ˣԺһ½΢ŽġӴ桷ĸ¡
Ӵ桷ᣬҲܹоó̸֮УǳĲᡣ
ָ״ԪⲿƷӦҲӽβˣĸµʱÿ10㶼ϰ˿£ھҪˣЩ᲻á
ǰȷ᲻ãȻǵⲿƷոսʱĳСǧһء顷׸ӰMVǰٿᡣ
Ӧûɣ
϶ᰡѾ״ԪӦĸ׳ɡ
ֻҪܳͺãֻǿϧջˡ
֮䣬а飬ȴעԶһʵꡣ

ջ˽ϣֵǰе̾
һƬ飬վҲֻȻĪκΡ
Ե̾Уʱ䵽10Ӵ桷׼ʱ¡
ڽĸĻǻصׯһĻĻ£ˣת᳦
ĻҵҪպú֮Ե˱ǰӡ
߱һƬ飬ĻתͶ̥޹¡
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İҪȴĽ񾯸棬˽Գǧнһ
󣬽ָ֣Ҫˮɣ׷
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ֺͱɽˣϾڹŸ֮ˮ
еǸпǧ֪ƾ֮Ҫ֮ˮ췽ҹ̷ˡ
ΪȻЩĸ֮ģȴԸ춯ء



һǧİһʮ Ӵ桷
ֵľĸ֮ģԸ춯أ֮ˮܱɣ׷ܱƵ
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񵱳үΪС൱ɱ֮أС֣͵Сȥ⡣
ʿС༴·Ϊֽˡ
գСɹַϽ¶ˣү˽۷Ʒ飬ŭүΡ
Ҷֵĸĸõĸֱͺţ׼ǰ׷
֮Ա׷ݼڿ֮ĸ洹ĸ֮ĸຣԺϼžۡ
֮׷ǰߵֱԲТ󳤹׷ǰ
õĸͬһ׷ǰ
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ꡢɡСͷ˹ԲȻõһͬ硣
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ˣԺ󲻻йڰӸµĹ£еֻӡԺ֮ȥĻ档
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ꡢɶˣųˣжɴɡ顣
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Ϊ˾ĸϾڹ׷ǰߵȵȡ
ĳһʼĿг˲ᣬǲᡣ
յĽ֣ǴԲϲ֣ﶼܹͶ̥ת޹¡
һǳ˲֮⣬̫˸С
ϣǣڱԼĲ
ڻˣӵĴҲڸһ䣬᲻ã᲻ð
᲻ɶأվҪġڻڴӾġӴ桷ֻ׸ӰMVʵ̫ˡ
˵ûС˵ˣǻڴӾ棬سݵİӣʵ̫Ưˡ
ԵӾǳڴϣܹһ㿪ġ
󷨺Ҳһͬõˣ⵹֮ǰû뵽ġ
ܹõ⵹ǡǡ֤֮ǰһ˵ǱǷ֮ԣҪĵĽ׷У֮˽Թ֮⣬ģȷڶȻꡣڶȻͬʱҲԼ
ǰҲͬ˵ģ֮ǰܶ˻ţڷõӦ˰ɡ
ҲãҲգƷˣ10ûˣ룬Щϰߡ




һǧİһʮ һƷ
ʥ壬
ҡؼλүȻڵ㣬ءӨŮֻ˽졶Ӵ桷Ĵ֡
֮󣬶ŮҲЩ˸УϲԲĽ֣öŮ΢΢һΪڳؾ۶ˡ
˵еģûðԶ׷УҲͶ̥תΪˣѵá
ӨⱾдģ֮ǰǡŰħĳƺʢʱдֻ᲻ǿɾͲ˵ˡ
ͬĵ˵ͷȻЩƵĿһۡ
ЩΣ˵ʲôŰħҲ̫һǡǾ͡һεܽӴƷ΢Űһ
ţðɣŰһ㣬ȷʵŰòᡣ
֮˵ڡӴ桷С˵ᣬıĵӾ籾ҲѾŪãԪˣ֮ӾʽģʱѾͷûˡ
һ˵֪֪һ׼ʱȥ鱨ġ
ЦЦ˵֪ͺá
ֵôһʲôϵħС˵׼һ쿪ʼأ
Ƭ̣˵֮ɣȳԤ棬һζӴ桷
֮󣿡ػδ˵ҺȻ˵ã֮ðСӦѾ˲ٵĴ˰ɡģҲῴĴ壬ҵ֮ء
ء֣Ȼû˵üϲɫ˵ǶһħƷҲͬǳڴ
ʱֻ͵һͣͺܿ챻һԲˣˮµķǳϹˡ
ңݾжϣˮµļһﲻС20ϡ
عһЦ˵СӣϽùһﲻС˵쿿Ӯˡ
Ѿߵ˵үүģһ
ҡ֣ࡢϣֳź֮ɫҲ֪شʱϹһСˣпǽĹھ
˺üӵĲڽѾƣļһ˰һ㣬СֻҪӽ30
ϲɫ˵ء֣²£һﵽжأ
ʮߡ˽ɣգҲһѡ
֣ࡢͬ²ʮߡ˽ӡ
ʱһ̨˹ȥһƣ಻٣պöʮ˽
عЦʮ˽Ǹһء֣ӽӮ˰
ҡ֣ࡢҡͷͬʱʾھ12㣬аСʱʱ䣬ھ¶ۻΪʱ硣
شһӣ˵ȷаСʱǾٵ䡣
ءӨˣ˷ۣⲻϻ˼ҵ㣬Ȼˡ
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ϲɫȥʱһ㣬ڴҡСòٵο̾ôһ㡣
ÿÿοͳ̾ص϶¶֮ɫ
ҡ֣˺ơ

Ӯ˽ıԡ
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ȷǷ֣оӵ˫Ƹ߶ˣ߸氮װĽ

ȷˣ߸֮˷ܣԸ֮⣬װҲΪӷֲ١
Ը棬װ˧һעҪڲʱ֮ڣüġ

ʥ塣
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һЦȻ֪Ůܹϳ߸ģ˵˵ڰͼŵϣЩǻ᲻ϲ
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һ󻭣߸ɸӵľǻߣ
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û˾ʵƷûи˿Ļʵһǳź顣




һǧİٶʮ 
߸塷Ǿϲ˷ܡ
Ͽ߸󻭵ˣȴԶԶֻ塷ǡ
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Ҳ⻭˭ȥ˧
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ǷǳڴͬʱҲǳĿ϶塷һӰӻ
ӰһС˵ôܲӰӻ
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ָоǶǳܡ

ǡ
ӡ᯸˼߸֮ߣͬϲѡ
һ塷񻰴˵Ļƹϣ𵽵ã֮ǰԤڵģҪõöࡣ
֮ǰû뵽߸˳ɹ;
߸ɸԣĳ˵߸񻰴˵ĻĴˡ
ӰԽ񻰴˵ĻĴ̶ȣҲԽ㣬Խ롣
ӡ᯸ˣϣġ
ңߵﻹֻ߸֮ǰҲͣš塷صļӡ᯸ţһлĸɫ
˵塷˵ľϲڱԽԽࡣ
⣬񻰴˵Ļƹ㷽֮⣬ʷ֪ʶռãҲͬӡ᯸ˣԼһصϲѡ
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᪣׼Эɴҵûȥ򼧲ëԼμˮӱߵ㡣
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ʥ塣
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˵ӡ߸̻ܺã߸ȷǳĳɹԺɻ
Ца绹ꯡȣǳʣ⹫ڴ
ѵõĵͷЦã



һǧİٶʮ 
塷ÿĸɷǳеǾǴ񫡣
˷ܵǣӡ߸֮µ󲻶ϳ֡
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һǧİٶʮ ΪʲôȢޣ
ϡ
꯵ԽԽҲԽԽߣǶԽԽϲ
꯳Ϊˡ塷УһüΪɹ
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ӵ΢٣еڿ֮󣬾һֻȻ֮С



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һǿӵ΢֮󣬶ʱһֻȻĸо
ڶУֻһ˱˹飬Ȼԭġ
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ϣٴΪȢ޵Ļ⣬չ˼ҵۡ
ոȥԭȢ޻⣬ҿûΪ꯰һӡȻҲҪĺ󳾣£
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һǧİٶʮ 塷
ϪˮһȭͷСзѾ10ֻˡ
10ֻзһӣ˩סǯӣȻɳһΪ׳ۡ
ϵοͼ֮̾зοͣǳĽ
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ȻץֻзҲʲô£ϲԣͶŪһԺˡ

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һǧİʮ ʱ
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ǲ֪һƷʲôʱƳңΪ塷̫ھʣ֪һƷ᲻½
УôǿҾһƷȻС塷ĸˮ׼
ǣƷһзƷҪԶסһ仰

۷׷ףһصǣҲͬڸпп塷ôôˡ
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Ҳ˵μǡȡ塷ӺÿǾʵ̫ˡ

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أȻʮֵڴ

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ȻڻֻܵƣҪոǹ۶Ϊʱ硣

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᯸÷ĵͷ˵ȷˡ

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ﶼˣȻˣڡμǡۣһ˸߹һˡ
еǶĸ£ȫǳȲ
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ֹ̫ۡ



һǧİʮһ 
վǱ׽ͥܵĳͷ
һоֹ̫ۣܲЩǵļ濴
춡ˣѺնֱ̨նס
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ȥ֮Ҳֻղʹĵһӡ
ȻΪһȥôҲпܱƿֱӴǿ಻ǡ
ۺ̫Ͼյ̬ȣЩѰζ
һǷһ֮󣬾Ƿʲôһ㣬ԵúЩ˷ܡ
ַ֣ܿ˷̫ܵˡ
̫Ͼյ̬ȣȷѰζҲ˶ѡ
ûб̫Ͼİ¯Ͷһ٣ͥ϶İ취ʰ
ʵҲȷˡ
̫Ͼڰ¯ʮ֮˽¯򿪣Ȼûµմ¯ڳ߷˰¯Ӷг𹿰˶ʹ
һֱͨӴ⣬׽ΧסȴȻκβա
칬պݺݵĴһ
ǣ
ʱɷɣëǡ
仯칬׽׽
Ҳܹܲһ٣칬ڣһǿνʮֵĹ񫡣
ڹͬʱҲӵĵˡ
֮ǰĻ£ѾͥҪɱˣ칬һֻ֣¸޷ˡ
Ѿۣ漴ּȥǰ
⣬ʮԱ׽մ򶷣ͣʮԱ׽ΪȱᣬҰŷ칬
սԼȫ˵һ飬˵λþˣӦλˡ
۰ȥ칬øͰˡ
ȻҪңƽ
ʱһֻ۾һȫ˵ʥ磬۵ıµȷܴ󣬵ȻŹͷ˰
һͻȻЩͷۣ첻µز£ЩʱδǺ°
ڣȻҪ۰λøⲻǸԼ鷳
ֻһθˡ
ԽԽأԽԽͷۡ
ңĲߣӦüǿ鷳ˡ
յ౾֮󣬱˵մģȻһʮǧ
ôնģһܹܲƣ
ܹƣ۵ס칬գշǵƣǾͼ½Ϊ޼١
ԻϲƷԲһߣȥĶԼ
ϣƣһգ۱䲻Ӱ
һ֮տӣһĪѾߣӱǳӡ
ˣмǸд£ʥһΡ
һ֮һƷ˻ȥ
ٴλصϣ˵Ѿȥľͷ˼ǺţϽִжԼ
ȴջͷȥ
һͷָϣȻдšʥһΡ֮ǰߵд
һǺȻһѾˣ֮ǰڡߡӣʲôӣǷָ
Ҳ˵һ֮Ȼûзơ
⡭
һȫһ



һǧİʮ ûд𰸵
һʮǧȴȻûзƣƵ׿Ա
һȫԾѣҲͬһĪδ֪ķҪٷһȥٿһ
ҪʱȴͻȻһָľˮɽɽѹֱ׹½硣
ձɽѹɽ£á
ͥл֮뿪ַ֮һȱģɽһoͬ巽УסɽѺ
Ը˵ռʱԣʱˮգ˾
ʱ򣬽ؽ
ձѹɽ£һ֣ϡ
⿴ƺһ̫Ľ֡
ͥ˼ҪģڽֻǱѹɽ£δһβ̵ʱڣǶ൱ļܱ࣬ȱǡ
ңߵʱ˵ˣȵ֮󣬻Ѿ൱ˡ
ĽҲ΢΢һ֮ǰʱһЩջᱻͥþһа취ҲҪ
˷ܵķ֣صЩݣʵ൱ľʣԶ濪
꯵Ķ֮Ķһ׷һӣ仯Ƕµڣƾеľ䡣
ڰ¯е˻۽𾦣칬մģ˽ѹɽ¡
һϵеڣǳľʣԶǳ
ҪǣһҶԺĵڴУøӵǿˡ
˵֮󣬻
ôǸǰյ˻˭·˼ףǻһҪɫ
ձֻ֮ᷢһЩʲôĹ£
Ǽصɽǻˣ
Щ˷ǳڴǳȲҪ֪𰸡
ϣڽ졶μǡݵۣһ߹һ
мؼݣȤġ
磬꯵ǲͬһˣ
һϣ˹㷺ۺ飬ΪͬһˣҲΪǲͬһˡ
˫֤ݶȽϳ֣˭Ҳ˵˭
ۣһҲͬۡ
ңҲͬû۳
ǰѡ塷й꯵д롶μǡйڶдϸķͱȽϡ
˵ȷΪƣƵ˼ͬһ˵ĳ̶ȡ
Ҫ˵ͬһ˵ĻȴƫƫֵȷЩ
ô˵ǲͬһˣһǣҲ޷𰸡
ӡ᯸ˣҲͬûд𰸡
οЦһָҴһգյĴ𰸣ֻԼ֪
᯸𰸵ȷӦֻ֪Ϊ繫𰸡
ӵͷҲΪƵԾ趨ģĿľҪĹ㷺ۺ顣ȴע޷ΪûֱӵͬһˣǾһּͿܣҲһֱڡһ塷͡μǡƷͻʼйͬĻ㣬ศɣӰò˵һַʵ൱ĸ
᯸ȷΪĸ˲ò˵ų̶ȣȻͬСɡ
Цǣʱ˵һ£𣿡
᯸ҲһЦ˵ȻȷǼ¡

ʥ塣
ӡ᯸˵˵νһ룬ڶǲͬһ˵⣬ȷ̬
һ˲¶ˣԭȴ˵˵ˣֻ˵˵òȫԡ
ΪʵҲ֪𰸡
ǰܶ˻Ϊꯣֿδ׼ȷ˲ܼ򵥵ĻȺţǵȷΪơ
ǡμǡеĽɫ֮⣬һЩ˵Ҳ֡
ڶϣ䴫˵Ҳж˵ա֮⣬աաԡ˵
ǰһΪ˲ͬһˣҲˣҪ˵ǾͬһˣҲǲԡ
ʵû׼ȷ𰸲Ҫ񻰴˵󣬱ͺ飬Ҳ񻰴˵Ļһ֡
˵Ҳһԣ̬
ӡ᯸˵һһšμǡ롶塷һ·ȥȻһ¡
ϣǶۺ飬ٺٵЦЦѽһֱȥɡ
ӣҲǳȤ



һǧİʮ 澭
ϡ
ڶǷΪͬһ˵ۣڳһʱ֮һǽʶˣۣ۳
ˣ۵𽥱СȫĿ׼ˣҵ΢ǳһȨԵĽ
ֻ΢źǣǣҪôûжԴ˱̬ҪôǱ̬˵źҲ޷𰸡
ӡ᯸λУҲʾ⣬Ҳ޷׼ȷĴ𰸡
Ƕ޷׼ȷĴ𰸡
ô֪𰸵ľֻһˣ
һְĿ׼ڴܹԴ˱ֻ̬Ҫ̬ͿԸǹ۶
΢·Ƕѯ⡣
Ҳȷʵ΢ϱ̬ˣֻı̬һǿЦá
ı̬ӵģǳǸλǣʵҲ֪׼ȷĴ𰸣ǻһˣֻһˡ
һǶı̬տʼǳĲ⣬ﶼģô֪ܲأ
һЩԿʼƷһЩζˡ
ǣƺܹ˼ˣǲ֪𰸣׼Ǵ𰸡֮ԲǴ𰸣Ϊ⿴ۣΪǴ𰸣ûˣá
ţƺȷһֱȥƺҲͦģԺ˳飬ͻһֱȥǣʱܸоǴڣоӦûǳĲ
˿趨Ƶ࣬Ҳǳĸ
һ˵ҲͻȻûд𰸣ƺȷҪд𰸸á
ȻˣǾһֱȥɣоȷ

һʶˣûд𰸣ȷд𰸸á
ˣĴ𰸣ҲǿûµʱͳһȻҲΪ˼
ʱϵǼûʲôˣһڵֵ۵Ľô࣬Ҳһֱһⲻǡ
ڰ¯øˡ۽𾦡۽ȥǷǳţƵӣʲôãһȴûнܡ
һǶԴ˷ǳɻͺ棬۷׷ס
˵۽Ӧսģ˫ۿԷйԵĽ⣬û൱ڵļǹ
Ҳ˵۽𾦿տǳԶĶǰгֹǧһ
˵۽ںڰ￴嶫ڰһ
Զ󿪵ǣΪ۽𾦡з;ÿһֶǳʵá
ʥˣЩЦãҲľȤǵԶҲС
˶ԡ۽𾦡õз֮⣬մ칬һƣѹɽ£յǸ˭⣬Ҳͬ۷׷ס
칬һдʵ̫ˣվգӲһĴ󡣡
칬ȷʣյĶĶԶ濪дڵˣֻһˡյıٴҲƣ۹
ձٴҲơҲͻȻһԤУ仰ԻĽ࣬ңѡա͡ﻻ仰˼ˡ
㱾ٴҲӲҵơҲһշɵ̨ʡ
ҲһշҲ˼֮Цȵȡ
仰϶ǴˣƷ
ձѹɽ£Ҳ֪ҪѹãûΣգ٣һҲûйϵ
ˣ˺öƢԣѹɽ¶ãԵĶ꣬Ƕ꣬ʵǿ
⵹ҲǣֻǸǰˣְܹɡ˵˻˭أʲôݣɡħǷˣ
˭֪أ˵ϲ֮ǰʦǣڵҲǡ
ĸ°ɣӦþͻдˡ

ĸ£һʮֵȲ
ʱ䣬õҲһҹֵ֮˵ڶ10㡣
΢һθˡμǡ½ڡ
ϿС˵ôˬһϲ̵ôһ֮󣬲Ȳĵ㿪½ڡ
һεӽ磬ɽɲǧٰޡ˴աޱʿ𽲵
˵ҷĴޣƶ񣬸һʤߣأˬƽ«ߣֻڣ׾޶ţߣ̰ɱǱ飬棬˹١ߣֻ̰ɱν׳ǷǶ񺣡ҽ澭ȰΪơ
澭
ش˵һأ̸죬һأ˵أһأȹ
˵Ҫ澭϶ҪȥѰһţǧɽԶˮɽɲȡ澭Ȱ



һǧİʮ ȡ֮
˵Ҫ澭ҪȥѰһţǧɽԶˮɽɲȡ澭
Ӷǧɽˮȡ澭һʱȻЩסμǡֵ˼ˡ
֮ǰĹ¹Ȼʮ֮ʣһʵһֱһʣǱⲿƷΪҪμǡ
شչͨȻʣƺ롰μǡ֣ûʲô
ڣһȻЩˡ
νΡǶţǧɽˮ´ȡ澭
һЩ˼øԶȻⲿƷμǡ
ôһŴӶǰµḶ́ӦⲿƷˣպⲿƷǡ
Ҳ˵ӦҲһţǰȡ澭ˡ
ٽһǸ֮ˣпܾһλˡ
˼Խ룬ԽǾֿԷǳߣ˷ܵ飬濴
Ѱʿ˭ԸǰȥѰһʵȡˣ
ش˵ԸȥѰһȡˣʲôԸ
ԸǰҲǻϲԹ˵һȥҪ̤·УҪưĿɽˮǳ;Զ֮
ָ˹һģһŻȣԼ
Ը˵ĺȿȡãϼˣģֻأöⶾ
ǡС𡢽ƪ·ײͨħȰѧãȡͽܡ
ħʹɽ˹ͷϣ޷ȡ£ֻ轫õһħȻͷʹŽѣԹԷӹ̡ܽ
󣬹ӻݰߣ̤ǰ֮·
ݰĶӣ߸Ķľ߸ŹУȡݰ
ݰ˿ǧɽˮڣ·ɽʱͣ£ѹڴɽ֮µʥա
Ȼϵù˵ƭѹѾ500ˣһȡ
ȴ˵Ǿ֮ˣҪȥƹѰһȡˣȡɽʱԸȡͽܣ٤֣ţȡ˱Ǿ֮ˡ
ʱһ۾֮ǰĲ²Ȼûдȡ֮˹Ȼǽ֮ˡ
һ̾ձѹɽ£ȻѾ500ˡ
500岻ֻܶĿ磬ȥ׺ɣʵǿֿ̾
˵ȻӦǣ˵Ըȡͽܡ
󣬹ͻݰ뿪ɽ˴ƹĳ
ƹһһƹòʷƳɣƳľǱ
ܿ죬һǱȷˣġƹȷʷϵƳҲʷϵĳ
ΪĺܿͽˣǻΪۡʮꡣ
Ҳ˵ڵʱʷϣƳʮ꣬ʵ
ȷһ㣬һʮֵľϲһִ磬صʵĸоָоǱС
˿ҪѰҵȡˣڳˣȴ֪˭
һǷǳڴ
¿ʱȴֱʷһתһ¡
̫ڿȡʿһλ¹Ŀ״Ԫ
ةɽ֮Ů½ѡף¹ﱻУɽļ
Ȼ¹ȥ;У֮ʱ顢űı
½һӣӤһ潭Ư󱻽ɽ·ȣȡ
Сĵʮʱܽ˺Уʡ
ĸ˸ױı֮
һѾܹǳԵĸоʺӦþǣڳѰҵȡˡ
󣬱ʷת˵ǳŽϣиԵʮ׼ȷ
ÿһβ㣬ΪһԣڶӦĸλò㣿
˸ָ㣬ÿնܹôķա
֪֮󣬺ǵĺˮ壬гһձǴ򾡣㻯һʿŽҵ
ԭǵԬ常Ԭسϡ
Ԭسһԣʲôʱꣿжٳߴ磿
ԬسǽĽʱƣʱףʱ꣬ĵǶٵȵȣʮֵϸ
ϲΪԷȻǺ˵һͨΪƲܣ֪Էô֪
ǱԬسǶ˸Լ˵Ԭس׼Ըϻƽʮ㲻׼ҪԬسǵ̯ӣܼԡ
ԬسǽĶԼ



һǧİʮ ξپ
ԬسǽĶԼ
˷ܵ뿪صȴ룬һӵּڳʩ꣬ռǡ
ʩʱ䡢ȵȣȻԬس˵һģһ
󾪣Ԭسǵȷ¼󣬵ֲԸ˶Լ
һʦ˵ڲʱ򣬿ԹٵһԬسˡ
˾ʦĻڶղ֮ʱȻ˵
֮ٴԬسǵ̯λǰ˵Ԭسò׼Ҫ̯ӡ
Ԭسȴ˵ҵ̯ӲҪȴѾͷˣ˵ǹ̨ϣһ
ԭԬس֪
ŵľԬسǾһ
Ԭس˵ܾȣ۽ּն֮ˣĳκʱһκնȥܾ
лȥУ˵Եɣһȡ
˵Ȼն֮κȻܾһ
ϲߵлȥ
ڶգϳ²κ˵ҹһΣμһӭˣڳʱҪκն޾ŵհǰΪζκ
һ󳼽˵Ȼˣ¿κ֮ڶɾ֮
ϲæּκ˹С
κ빬֮Ϊ˲κȥκ塣
ȴ룬ʱ֮ʱκͻȻ˯нֱնס
κѺ󣬽նһ£˵
󾪣ȻˣҲû˱İ취
ֻǣϣ˯ʼ䣬ּһѪܵͷߺ
˵ѾӦ˻κȴΪλǽնˣҪȥ
󾪣Ȼȴԣֻú塣
Ѿ˳ĹͻȻ֣
֮Ȼ£սսһҹߡ
ڶյ糯ʱڳѵȴŹȣ屧޷糯
ξپλ󽫣ֹ¥
λ󽫣˵޹⣬ҹ֮й֣ŵ޷˯
ξپ󣬵ʾԸعţʲôǴɽɱ¹
ϣξپˣȡң룬ִḫڹء
νͷ˸˸ۣıƣʨսۣϼ¡
һ۳Ƕ£һӳ¹⸡һ㣬ڹҡ
һҹ󣬹Ȼûйһ˯úܰȡ
֮ļҹξپÿҹعţҲûμ
ξپ˲ҹ࣬һֵ빬˵ò£ֱڹࡣ
֮ҹƽ¡
ʱһͷһŷ֣ǽμǡⲿƷΪξپΪλ񣿴ôһĵֺĹ¡
˵ĵΪЩ֮˵Ͳʵ
˵ΪμǡⲿƷС˵ȻС˵ôȻͺˡ
ũʱϵһֻ࣬ΪŻ顣
ǽϣаܹլƽȣǻӭػ
մͳϰףÿǰϦҼһһͳϰףܹ׷ݵǧǰ
ַΪаࡢࡢ佫ࡢĹȵȡ
е佫ƳξپˣΪҲϲ֮һ
ǣλΪλΪȴû֪ԭ
ֻ֪Ƴ֮ξپˣ𽥳Ϊܻӭ
ʲôԭֻûԭ򣬷Ϊһϰף˽졣
ΪЩϰףٻʷأԾʲôԭҲ֪ˡ
ȻڣȴǽμǡΪҴôһԭ
ңšμǡӰĲԭȻҲΪϰĻһ֡
һǷǳľϲ˷ܣǾȻ֤һµϰĻ˵ĵ
ľϲ
Ʒϲǻôľͳ֡
ʥ塣
Ҳ֪ǣһ¸еϲξپΪʲô񣬶ͬ
Ϊ֮ԻΪʽԴڡμǡⲿƷ
С˵˻İ׻ƪС˵塷ҲдƵڹ¡
ȻûСμǡ͡塷ξپˣȴȻϰĻܻӭ֮һ
ԭȴѾ޴ӿ֤˭Ҳ֪
⵱ȻҲûʲôܶϰ޴ӿ֤
ڣѡμǡ磬ξپˣΪҲԴ
ȻԴִ˴ģʱˣȻҲڻϰ׵һ֡
ԴˣǳĿ϶



һǧİʮ ;ʮǧ
ξپ˳ΪĹ£һʮֵľϲ濴ȥ
ˣξپţÿ˯ʮְȡ
Ȼҹ֮ǰ£ȴ졣
ڶգڳǺιʣ
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ǣҹκ룬նıĺŴ
һҲˡ
ǣǰžѰȣȴսأѾ˲֮ʣۼžҪˡ
ʱκ˵һƽ
κ˵Ǵ̫Ȼʵۼǰ֮ɣǰ˰֮
˾Ĳۺй٣֮Ϊй١
Ѿһ⣬дģϣȥˣǴ壬ɽŸ֮󣬱ؽ
ϲùκдţĿ
Ļ֮һͷɴΧϬǡͷɴƮΧϬԽںǵظйٴ塣
йٸΪʲôԭ
ԭڰ֮ǰɭ޵״˵ѾŵȴȻκն֮
عʹҪظܶ԰
ΪλͻȻضԭ
󣬱㽫κдŸ忴忴֮󵱼ʾģ仹
ʹйͬ
ɭޱʱظعεʮɭ޵ӭӡ
ǫһ֮ʮɭ޵ֱ
عѯ״Ⱥַɱһ£ǰ˵ˡ
ȻӦն޹ء
ع˽֮ǸȻôйȡٻж٣
йȡȿ˿һȴǴ󾪣ԭдţĲ޴̫ڻʵ۱һʮꡣ
һʮꡣ
йٴ֮£æȡīʣһ¸һʣΪˡ֣Žݸع
ع֮˵жʮ٣
йڻ֮ǰйٶ飬֮ˮ½ᣬЩԩ꣬Ϊơ
ȻӦˡ
֮󣬱ɮ޽ˮ½ᣬڤ»꣬£øԱѡеĸɮ
гѡġʷʦ
˽ˡĹ֮мʣһԴ֮󣬶ʷǳ⣬ɮ١ɮ١´ɮְ֮׼ˮ½ᡣ
лӦǡ
һգʾۼһǧɮ̳ˮ½ʽ
ʱ򣬹ݰһһСУҲˮ½ֳϸ֮󣬹ȷʷʦҪѰҵȡ֮ˡ
ǣġŻϣֱrȥ
r⣬ʹĺҪǮ
ش˵ҪǧҪǧ
rʣ֮󣬿ʲôô
˵ģ٣֮ѣ֮Џ
˵ǲ𷨣֮ˣҪǿġȣҪǧǾϲҷ𣬳֮ܵˣɽġ
r֪Էֲͨˣ˵ƻʵ۱ʮֺƣ䣬޲Уˮ½ᣬøʷʦãù볯ݡ
Ӧʣrһ˳ã
һԴ֮󣬹ʾֹƣҷţиɮеУ󷨣Ը⽫ġ
ǣ½ġŻȺȥ
ȥ֮ϣġ
ˮ½Уʼᵱ죬ٹٵֳ
ͻݰˣҲͬٴεֳʽò˵ʱ򣬹ǰȥʣǺУֻὲС˽̷ɻὲ˽̷ô
󣬶ԹֵʦʧհǰĸɮˣС˽̷ȴ֪˽̷ǺΣ
ش˵С˽̷Ȳֻ߳ɻ׺͹ѡд˷أܳ죬ܶѿ࣬ȥ
ʱϳ˹ǰġ֮ˣʹǴ˷ںδ
ش˵ڴùҷܽԩ֮ᣬ֮֡
󣬹Żݰϸ̨̤ƣֱֳԭ˾ƿֱȥˡ
ڹʧ֮ʣӰƮһżдţϴƾġ;ʮǧ˽ڡ˾ϹܳȺпȥߣ
ݣط㣬ɮףʿ˹֣һһذݵ
ɮ£˭ּ⣬ݷ󾭣
ǰʩƶɮţԸЧȮ֮ͣȡ澭ɽ̡
ؽ



һǧİʮ 
ؽһͬؽʱһ˷ܡ
һȻգҲûյϷݣһȴȻʮֵ˷ܣ񫡣
ңضμǡС˵˵ʵķǳҪ
Ϊ״εˡμǡ⣬еĶˣһƷΪʲôҪμǡ
Ȼ󣬱ǱǿҵĵöڴУ׵ıŷ
һعǵڴУʵ̫ǿǿеǣȫƲסļ
ʷʦһ·УǧɽˮȻֻѡ
֮⣬һ·϶ȻΣգиħ֣Σء
ֻƾʷʦһ鷲ˣֻ¸޷졣
ˣù㻯һЩħΪƣЩħʷʦͽܡ
ͽܵ񣬺ԵľҪʷʦ졣
һȻʷʦͽ֮һʷʦҲǾճɽˡ
֮⣬ǰĶƵ;У⻹㻯ˡ
ֱɳӵɳ򾻣ջܣԼﲻվҪģ֮ӡ
ԵģպҲ̳Ϊʷʦͽܡ
ôʷʦЩħΪͽʱ򣬻ᷢʲôĹ£
Щͽ֮ʦͽһ·ֱʱֻᷢʲôĹ£ᾭЩطʲôѵȵȡ
һеһУڴжʵ̫ǿеǣʵĵϲúͼ
ЩڴУǽġ
˵صݣƷĵ㾦֮ʣҪԺ͵λ֪
˵⣬Ӫ˼ǿڴ֮⣬ݣҲͬ˾ϲ˷ܣип
Уһƾеľ䡣
һǾţһʵһЩݣרдһƷἫΪܻӭ
ΪԶʵ̫ǿξپºˣΪʲôԼΪʮ٣䴫˵ĻںϳΪһ¡
ʵ˲ò̾ʹ
ڣ˾ȴòıīдˡμǡС
ĲٵֱǱʵ̫˷ˡ
˼дһƷĻԻǳĳǵҲȻ

ǵڵѪһڶǣȴ˷ܲѵ
ǿʵԶ濪ȡ
ĺˮ屻򾡣ȥԵԬسǴĿʼ
Ϊ䣬ĵԬسǵָ£Уһ
ӦһȻκнնˡ
˺Ϊسŵҹҹɧţ޺Ҫȥظɭ޵˵
ӶȻȻˣξپº˳ΪĹ¡
֮Ϊɭ޵״ȳŵɱ֮һ£عɹ롱µظں̵ܶʱڲؼݱ
ȻȻˣйΪӶʮ䴫˵
һϵеڷչֱ
ҪǣΪڵظһˣ֮󣬲ŻƸɮˮ½ᣬŻʷʦѡΪȡˡ
롶μǡⲿƷϵֱǾޱȡ
еǳ˾ϲ˷֮⣬ֻǸ֮̾ˮһʰĸ̾
磬ͬдйΪӶʮٵĴ˵
ֻǣ˵ǴʲôʱʼģйΪʲôҪӶʮ٣ǰʲô
ЩѾããɿֻ֤ôһ˵һֱ
ڣμǡһ̲ξپºˣΪʲôֲ֮˴йΪӶʮٵĴ˵˾ϲޡ
ڲ֮һ˵ҲȻͬ䴫˵Ļβ˷ܣ
ǰйΪӶʮٵĴ˵ȷԴڡμǡ
ڡμǡ֮ǰ˵ǷѾˣǸֵо⡣
Ҳ˵дйΪӶʮĴ˵ȻжŽӹ֮дˡμǡ
жġμǡȻдйΪӶʮٵĴ˵
ǺԵģǰж䴫˵Ļϼӹ򴿴жԭһγ䴫˵
ߵѶȺźܴĲ
˭˭Ѿѿ֤Ҳ˵
Ȼ˭˭ʵѾҪμǡӰҲɶҡ



һǧİʮ ׺ɣ
Ƕһ̾һǣҲͬΪ˰İо
˰ʵľ½ּκնεظʵľ춯ء
ȻҪǣһ䴫˵ֱӴ˵Ǿޱȡ
һͬΪ۷׷ף֮УƲסľϲ
ӡ᯸Ҳˡ
Ʋסϲõ˵򵥣ǲ򵥣ԽǻԽǸо
᯸Ҳͬˣ˵ȷ򵥣һ봴ֻгߡ
ӵӴ֮󣬹䴫˵ʮֵķḻǰ˺Ľֻ͡һ㣬μǡĵλͲ͡
᯸пȷˣԶԶֻˣͨأμǡѾĿǰĳɾͺпܻڡ塷֮ϣ߳١
ͬп˵ǰпܱȡ塷߳١ԭΪ塷Ѿ۷ˮƽˡһֱšμǡܹһˮ׼ڲ֪ˮƽûߣֻиߡ
⻰᯸ǳͬЦЦ˵ôĿԴ۷ˮƽ׻
ҲһЦ˵Ҽڴ۷ˮƽϣ۷ˮƽЩìˡ
᯸۷ˮƽͱһƷԶܱ֮ǰõƷ㣬Ȼõġ
ӵȻõģ֪۷ˮƽܸоЩź
᯸ҡҡͷ˵ɾˡ
ӵͷȷˣôϣ۷ˮƽɡ

ʥ塣
ҡء֣ࡢˣҲͬΪһڵؾϲѡ
Һѵõ޵ǲСһдúãʮִ󵨣
ˡμǡֵ˼֮ҲͿⲿƷԽԽ˼ˡ
֣ϴ˵μǡȡ塷õĵطֻڹ档ڿǺˡ
Ҳ˵塷۷֮Сӣ
˶Դ˾Щп֮ǰ˵μǡȡ塷ʱǹȻȻǡ
Ȼڣȴûκεˡ

ӡ᯸ҡء֣ࡢ˶˸пһǣǸֶĤݵ
ֻоμǡ֮ǰġ塷ÿǿղܣ޷ͷš
ڽعʷʦУѹɽ£Ѿ500Ҳ
֮գȻʷʦһȡ·ϻᷢһЩʲôĹ£
ѾǳȲ޲ܹһƷ꣬һԳ׵Ĺ񫡣
Ȼǲܵġ
أֻҪιһҹʱ䣬ܹٴοڴѾĸ¡
һһҹʱڹȥڶ10㡣
μǡ׼ʱ¡
еһξӡ
ʷʦ˵Ըȥȡ澭ɽ̣ϲʰΪֵܣڳơʥɮ
عʵͽɮڣ׷ȰʲҪȥ˵¾ʮǧңԶлħһȥֻȥ޻أѱ
Ȼȴ˵Ѿ˺ĴԸȡ澭١
һ磬ۼ䣬дȡ뺣ͨбӡΪС
ʴлضȥȻ̤ȡ֮·
֮·һ̤ϣǽء
Ұţϻħħ֮УۿžҪħˣ̫׽Ǽʱʳħ
ɽ֮ʱּǰֻͻмơ
ǰͻгߣʹ޲ߣֻ÷ģ
һֱǸпŸոճѾ˼ѣҪʮǧ֮£֪ᾭٽѣ
й֮ǰ̫׽ǣһһյɽԻ
սʾ£ЪϢ
յļУյĸӶ˶ʸм
ˣջʵ˴Ƶı߽紦ɽ
˴˴Ϊʽ˵ɽܣĵؽ硣
ˣټʡ
˵ɽԭɽɽ
ɽ֣е۾ǴһСľϲ
֮ǰ룬ʲôʱߵɽ
ȴ룬ɽԭɽ
Ҳ˵ϾҪˣһǾ
濴
նˣȻںʦҲ
Ĵ̵ģʲ֪Ӻζȴ˵Ȼں
ʲ⣬ռ˵д˵ɽǰçۺ֮ʱͻȻ콵ɽγɵġ
ɽѹһºʳѺ裬֭ͭ
Ȼѹɽ¡
һһθ̾500ʱ䣬ѾĳɽγɣҲѾΪ˴˵
Ѿ׺ɣ



һǧİʮ 
׺Ѿɣʯ̦ɽγɣѾΪ˴˵
칬ʥȴȻڱѹɽ£ոһգ긴һꡣ
ʥá
ֻһδĶȻңڡ
ҰգǱѩǣȻ־򲻸ģȻ˥
һ޵̾
ڽʱѵʥڵʱ򣬽һαңڡ
˸һ֮һǼ¿
ոʽˣɽĴ˵֮ĪҪ£һȥһΪʲôҪʦҲ
µɽ֮£Ȼʯϻ֮䣬һ
Ǻֺͷ棬ͷ϶̦޺޵ܣޱٷݣɯüǰ࣬ʮǱָͷ֣ƺ񣬳࣬Ψ۾ʮ鶯
Ȼǰ칬ʥˡ
տʣʮ˷ܵĴ˵ʦôʱúãúãҳȥұȥ
ʶ˵ʮ֣ѯΪ˵
ձ㽫δգαѹɽ£ù㻯𷨣ڱȡ֮ˣԸȡ֮ͽܵȵȫ˵ˡ
ʮֻϲ˵дģ̻壬ԸɳţȻԸȣֻǲ֪Ӧξȣ
˵ɽĽѹֻ轫ǽѹȡˣܳ
ԣߵǽѹǰְ˼ݣȻὫѹ¡
ǽѹڴ˼Ѻʹ뿪ˡ
֮նߵԶЩһɽ֮Ѿɽ
֮һεңڣȻϲޡ
յɵգնǰǰΪʦֶձʾ˸ллջˡ
ռʵһбµͽܣҲĵĸȥ
ʵһʽ̤֮·
·ϣһֻϻ״ְ˻ƤûƤΪһѡ
һũסһ֮ʦͽ˼···ٵǿ
ǿסʥһˡ
Ȼʼս˴ʼ߶߶һͨ˵ʲôЩǿ߼ɣֺţҪȱΪ֮ġ
˵һͨͷһ֮£ʶȥ˵ȻúУȥ죬Ͳȥˡ
ȥ֮̾ϢȴҲ޿κΣֻԼһ˼
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˵ǴӶƶȥݷ󾭵ĺУǰԭһͽܣͽӣ˵˼֮󣬱㸺ȥˡ
ϸһǶñʵͽܻ֮󣬸ͽܴϣִһ䡱ʣ˵Ժͽٲ̵ĻĬ䡣
ϸȻǹٰ磬֪֮󣬻æл
ȥתһȦ֮վֻصǶǶñʮֺÿ˵ǷԸ
Ȼͬ⣬ȵսǶñͷ֮Ĭոմڵġ䡱
ʱͷʹѣڵֱʼ״ֹͣĬ
ҲʱͷۣæǶñ£ֻǣñȻˣͷȴһȦ߶ģĹӣȴҲòˡ
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˴ˡ䡱ǯյİ취ֻʱʾԸ⻤ȥ죬л⡣
˼УһӥĵطͻȻӽܳһһڳڴİ
ǰһ֮󣬰ڽײ
֮󣬹ǰ֪ԭһֱڵȴȡˡ
ԭҲһ˹㻯Ҫͽܣеġ
Ϊʦ֮󣬻һƥǿ׳İΪʵĽ
ˣŶӳ֮⣬ֶһƥ
ʱ򣬽صĽ
ؿˣʦͽȡʽƪ£Ҳ̤עǽ֮õĵһ
һȻδ˷ܾϲ顣
֮·ʽһһδ֪Ĺ£ڵǡ
ܹǳԤеÿһ£ֻ¶ǳľʡ
ϡ
ڽʱһڽݵۣѾǵء
ڸпָңڡ
ֻҲ㲻ңڣΪӴ̤֮·˱е
Ҳ̸֮·ȻأһʼܹǳԵĸо
̾ʴӴ֮Ľǰ˵˧ţƣ



һǧİʮ ң
μǡϲϱ飬ʱƳƷȴֻǡμǡ
ǰʱ䣬ʮΪʲôڶʽзС
ļҳǷ׷ӿ꣬ԵúЩȲʮʲôڶͬڽߡ
ļҳǿʮΪʲô˵һ鼮ǵĺӲǳϲڿ֮󣬼仹ǳ̣Ҳܹǳ׼ȷ⡣
Ҫǣڿ֮󣬱ñ֮ǰϲԽʲô⣬ҲڵһʱͷˣϲԼĥʵ벻֮ʡ
ҳܹΪԵĸоƺڱԽԽϲ
ڡʮΪʲôĵڶѾ
ڵڶʽУȫǳȲģڵһʱӿ꣬ΪľܹԼĺӣȱ˵ĺӣȿڶ
Ȼһ㿴һ㿴ʵûκε𣬵һڼҳȴȻǲϣԼĺڱ˵ĺӺ档
ڹ򵽵ڶ֮ȫţܹƳ
ҲȷƳѾڿʼ׼ˡ
ʮΪʲôܼҳͺǵĻӭԺǸŷǳӰҽѧҡˣνʮֵ˷ܡ
ڶʱڣѧѾδ绰ʾл⣬˵ҪʥŰݷá
Ȼǫ飬ͬʱʾǳӭѧʥ͡

ʮΪʲôֻڹܻӭңԶʮֵܻӭ
ڼ䣬¡ӵʱ򣬺ˡʮΪʲôеЭ顣
׼ʱҲ˳׼İ汾˽¡˵ĵ䡣
˽ӵĸ֮˷ܲѣڵһʱͿʼ׼ˡ
ΪءĦ˹̽˹޼СƷӰ죬Ѿǳ
ԣʮΪʲôտʼеʱѾ͡
ŹԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽߣǹ˵ˣһǳмӣϺ糱
ʮΪʲôҲԽԽߣһ񻰵ĵ
֮ǰĵһǣڵĵڶͬҲǣ¡ϲ
ңðϲģֻǡʮΪʲô̽С˵ԡĦ˹ڴѾã¸Ħ˹̽¡
ǰƳˣѪֵо͡ǩ֮󣬸Ħ˹һҹ
ڣĦ˹Ѿŷ޴½Ϊ̽Ĵʡ
ңԼٶȣ½䡣
ÿĽǰǽ֣Ҫ˸Ħ˹ˣѾֻˣǻŷҵˡ
Ħ˹ķ˿ڱԽԽ࣬˿ǶڸĦ˹µ̽£Ѿ
ֻǣⲿƷңԶĻҲ֪ܲе
ֻĿ۽ڣСĦ˹̽Ŀ˹磬ÿ춼ĸĦ˹ԣ˹绰ѯʲôʱµĸĦ˹̽£
Щѯʵĵ绰Ǽ˷Ρ
˷ܵȻǣĦ˹˶ķ˿¹һУֽ׬һʡ
εǣɲȥߴһµĸӷ
ʵϣҲЩĦ˹ǣһ
ǰ죬ˣ̽Ħ˹°µĸ
һǶƪ¼һʮ£ɲᷢУѾ´ࡣ
ˣʮ˷ܣڵһʱͨٷ繫ˣиĦ˹̽µϢ
ֽܹĵĿʼ׼ˡ
ĸĦ˹ǣڿ˹ĹٷϢ󣬾ǹһ˷ܣµף
ҪǵѣǸ̽Ħ˹ˡ
ĸĦ˹ǣ˷ּܶ
ȵʽеϣ껹δţѾ˵ȴĳ
ڴѾõģµ֮̽󣬷һξȻһʮ¡
췢ᡷݰʯߵӡȵȡ
ͻȻøӵ˷ܺͼ
ʮ£ǾʹܹһʮͬİԵĦ˹ķɡ
ûбˡ
һһµĿȥͬİͬʾ׵ǳ׵У԰Ρ
Ħ˹һμǶλ̽ϲ
Ħ˹Ӱվ
Ȼŷ޴½ҲͬԽԽ

ʥ塣
Ħ˹ԽԽȻҲ֪Ҳ֣ⱾԤ֮е顣
ҲͬԽԽǲ⡣
ҲãСҲգһڴң



һǧİʮһ 
ڴңμǡǣ·۵÷ǳ֡
кܴһˣǡμǡ֮⣬Ҳͬԡ
ڿμǡͬʱҲͬڿӹġ¡
ֻǣ¡ÿڲܿһڣȵǺЩ
ǵǲõˣΪ¡Ѿڽʽᡣ

ʵл磡лɩ
ٺҮ롢ֵܷܽ򸾻һЯСŮ֣֮񲢼ɽ
ʱ죬紵ҶѻҲͲס
ǣ
壬
Ҷۻɢѻܸ
˼֪գʱҹΪ顣
ǡ¡һ֣ˣȫ꣡
롶Ӣ۴һһһʫβֻײԼñǹʫͬһױ˵˼ʫ
˼עܾãܾãһһ
еǣ޲Ϊеˣ۲ѡ
ȻƷĺβųÿͣʮֻ顢Ƥʹڶʱڣӵ˷ǳߵ
֮ǸԵϽ֪ܽҪ߳ٱ
ȻһȴѡףСŮΪֻ֪ԶСŮһˣλá
һǸˣŹ飬ȴע޷ǣ֣֮ЩʱĺϣܹһȢˣСŮҲ⡣
Ǹʱһޣʮġ
ֻǿϧСӵֻСŮһˣһǲֹһεԹСǲ顣
ΪеˣֻǴһ֣šȫꡱ֣еǣֵֻʧ꣬¡ڻˡ
ָо֮ǰӢ۴ʱйһΣǵڶΡ
ʧ֮࣬΢΢һ룬Ʒڣɽһӿǳ
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ǵʱǳķŭܽҲ̫ԣ̫ˡ
ͬʱֲòһΣԹӹ˳ԹϲŰëַˡ
ŮСŮʲôˣնȥһֻ첲ŮǵˣδҲ̫ɱ˰ɡ
ܹ˺ĶԴԼµŮǵߣҲֻйӹˡ
ʱΪһڣһСķ粨
ǸʱѾٶ֣֮ǰСŮǶˣһ֣Ҳƺûʲô˵
һεķ粨һ֮ҲվƽĹȥˡ
ڻԵɺ£żҽʶһֻ;޴ĳ񣬴Ӷһλ绪ǰħܣеǾϲ˷ܡѡ
һʹùֻ˵ı
һͣ޼᲻ݣǰ֮Ⱥ档
ڶޱʮǰãΪʿöܻں޲ѣ˽֮ȡ
ҲˣûڶܵĽڣУһ
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һݺὭɱܣܾӢۣһܶɵãֻȣԵΪѣǷǳļѿ
Ǽįģһ޿ֵļįľ绪ѣҲеѡ
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һһܶɵõȻʧǸпǸһ޵į
ܲδʽֻǽĻһβģǼ̵
ȻⲻıīȴһܾӢ۵ӢˣԼ޿ʱļѿԾȻֽϣس
ܵĴ˵Ӵ֮עֻڡ¡УǻС
˱ߣС˵磬Ψйӹһˡ
һﵮе˷ܲѡ
ڳİ£书ΪѸͻͽҲͬǷǳ˷ܡ
֮ǰ֮һȷǳӴһײ񣬾ʹһײ񣬵ֻʣһֻ֣ɾ书
ڣ书ͻͽǰ˫ֵʱǿ̫࣬Ƿ



һǧİʮ Ǻ
书ͻͽеڷ
ȻһϵڣһĲѡ
СŮ˵ʱԼǱ־ɶģȻǧ׷ɱ־
ϣֹʦȫڶսһ
Ϊԭˣ־СŮȫ֮ĶԹԹ
ȻʱСŮѾһϢ̫أ壬޷ҽΡ
ΣСŮϷϼڣʦĻǰóס
˻صĹ׼ͨŷо֮ϺСŮˣֻΪһЩʣ˲ò뿪Ĺɽ
ɽ֮żһƴʦһƴʦ˵ʦɮа취СŮ
ǣ˺һƴʦһٴȣӢ½˫ĪصΪԭҲھȡ
ΪȳӢ½˫黨ҩΨǧ߲УǧҪӦȢ࣬ſϸҩܾǧߵҪ
󣬾һϵеĲۣСŮӹֹϣ黨Ľҩ
ȻΪɮĪɱСŮϣ𣬶ȻԸҩ׼СŮͬ
֮СŮ˵ɮǰѾоˣϳܽе黨Ҫȥ
ǣԼڵĻȻýҩѡ
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СŮ֮ʮ֮ԼȻϣ֮иϣܹúõĻȥ
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ǣž䵱ɽϣһѨɽȪҰβЪϰԶڵġ澭
ĳһգžɽΣƣˮȻ˸յȭ
ڶп˼ҹ͵Ȼͨѧõ̲ס쳤Ц
һЦЦһλǰ󡢼Ĵʦ
ʱ䣬Ҳ˲ʮ֮
еȫȻһϣ㶵Щز
ʱѾʮ֮ǹأ
֮ǰžֱʱתȥĻ棬ȻĻ棿



һǧİʮ 𣬱
еǿžΪѧУõ쳤Ц
һЦʱ˲ʮ֮
굽ʲôž𣿹أ
һһΪԼˣּļ濴һ֣ȷǲûпʱʮ֮
һ䵱ɴʦʮٵա
Ȼžˣαͦ㣬׿ƺѧ򣬱ΪԼȡ˸šᡱ
Ӵ֮󣬱ˡ
ӡ䵱ɴʦʮٵաһ仰ƶϳž䵱ɽ֮󣬱䵱ɽ˸书ִ֮䵱ɡ
ڣѾʮˣž͹ɽ·ֱʱ򣬲Ųʮꡣ
Ҳ˵ʱ˲ȥ˰ʮꡣ
žҪϼ꣬ĻѾʮˡ
һǼܿ϶Ĳ²⣬Ѿ
ɽžֱתȥĻ棬Ļ档
ô֮󣬹ûҵֻûдϢûдӶ˼ѳ
ûһĶˣûмˣҲҸʲôʱģ
һⶼдˣ
һǵ飬ͻȻǰδеʧ꣬ǾùӹǿһЦ
Ϊ˽췢е飬ܹ¶ԹĹȴ룬֮ԹĹȴˡ
Ȼֻһ鹹С˵ǵĹȴС
Ǻꡣ
û뵽֪ˣǻص¡βء
ͻȻ֮ȥ˰ʮ꣬͸о׺Ѿɣһ㣬ʵҲƺȷˣʱɹӦѾԭӦҲѾʱӦѾԪ˰ɡ
صѾȥѾƣĳѾˡ
žֱ֮ӹľԼȥ𣿡
ںУ½һЩܰɣӹӦòһ㶼ἰ
лܣҲͬꡣ

ʮʱ䣬˵ǲ׺ɣȻڿţ˵һѾģȴһҲš
ңҲǾһʱ䣬ȴڵָһӼȥЩϤˣءСŮܲͨҩʦˣѾҲѾıģ֮ȷ˸ˡ
ˣʱⲻٵһǳ֮̾⣬ҲֻϣںУйڹĻܣܹǣҡ
Ȼ󣬻һ⣬֮ǰһΪžǣžȻѾˡ
žȻе̩ɽ䵱ɵĴʦˡ
ô˭ǣͻȻ֮˷ˡ
һʰԼ飬濴
߸ӣ˳ơ䵱Ѿǽúպˡ
ӽǣ䵱ҵϣĵӣʦ¡
Ѿףڸϻ䵱ɽ;УҪϻȥμʦʮ硣
ʮ䣬һֱһ仰𣬱£ĪҲӡ첻˭档
콣֪ʲôطѾ˼˶ᵱС
ڻع䵱ɽ;УҲһᵱУеõ
׼䵱ɽʦᴦȻ鲢ô˳
ٴη䵱ɽ;УӥµȦףӥ̶ȥҲжˣ岻ܶ
֮ӥҵھ֣ھֽ˲ܶͻ䵱
Ȼھֵ˽͵䵱ɽµʱʣð䵱ҽߡ
ЩΪ˱˵䣬Ҳ˸ء
ȵ䵱ŴɽɽҵʱѾһϢ
ŴɽҴɽϣȫʩ֮£סȻֽžϣΪ˲м
䵱ǱʹѣŴɽʦɽ飬Ϯ˵ʼĩ
Ŵɽɽ֮Ҳͬһϵеıʡ

ġǡ£Ŵɽ䵱ɽһϵеı֮
˽أһǵ飬Щ
ǰ滹ΪǣҶǣŹܹõϢȻͻȻ䣬ʱѾȥ˰ʮꡣ
СžѾ̩ɽ䵱ɵĴʦ
ϣҲѾʼ𣬱£ĪҲӡ첻˭档һ仰
ңѾʮꡣ
ȻǽϹᣬҾУм
ŴɽҲ䵱ϣ˽
һйȻһľʣһΪ֮£ʼЩͻʼЩȻˡ
ҲǴʱЩԭҪúõ滺һ¡



һǧİʮ ˷
ǵЩʼͻ
ϣڹǳ࣬Ϊе꣬ڲ²žֱ֮ģ켣ʲôӵģ
ӹ塰ڹ켣һҲܣһǺЩԹ
ˣԹҲãֻţں棬ܹһЩڹĻܣֻǺܼ򵥵ĴŽܡ
Ļܹ֪ĺ켣ܹĹ¡
޳ٿڣܹһ˷ܡ
ȻһΪǵž껹ǹСܣȴȻΪֵ̩ɽ
Ȼвûоܣ书жߣӺܶطĲдܹ书ӦǵһĴڣһʮ˷ܡ
ȻᲢǣΪǰµĹϵһǶžǷǳϲġ
ڿΪе̩ɽһȻ˷ܡ
Ȼǡ𣬱£ĪҲӡ첻˭档һ仰
һ仰ǹӹ֮ǰԤ棬ͷǳϤˣڽڣٿһ仰ӵ˷ܡ
һ仰ڽʮ꣬ڿĽֻһ仰صܣȴ˵֪
ϵֻ֪Ϊʲôõܹ£ȴû֪
ô콣ʲôܣ
еĽﶼҪ֪Ĵ𰸣һҲ֪ͬеĴ𰸡
ţȻܹһ仰ô콣һĳܡ
ңӦǷͬСɵľܡ
ȻеĽҲһ㣬ȻҲ˶ȥˡ
ôһ仰δģֻ˭֪ܣ
ڴʮ⣬һţһһ֪еܡ
𣿸ǰµжϣӦòǡ
Ϊ˵˵һ仰ʮſʼģʱ򣬽ϲûһ仰
Ǿ˵ӦҲ֪еܡ
ᶼ֪еܣô֪ܵӦûûг
˭أʲôݣһǶԴ˷ǳڴ
ȴڹǣңǶԡǡȻʮֵ˷ܡ
ֻ˷֮࣬һȴʼɻǱⱾǵ˭
ⶼѾ£ʮˣȴȻ˷룬Ҳû˭ˡ
ƣҲ͹ӹܹö˭ûи£ȻʮͶ˷ܡ
ˣŪ˭ȻһǳҪ顣
ϣΪ۷׷ס
ǰµǹ壬žԶµϷҲܶ࣬µңµŴɽǿǹġ
ʱѾȥ˰ʮ꣬ǰ³ֵȻˣҲΪ˲зϣȻҲǣֻʣŴɽˡ
ţȷĿǰǵӦþŴɽˡ
ôŴɽ𣿡
ӦǰɣӵºοʼϷݾͶˡңڵ½βϴǸŮӣӦþӥ̵ذɣغпܾŮˡ
ӦþŴɽˣΪⶼʮˣǲܻδɡѾЩУԵģʾŴɽ
ȷˣӦþŴɽˡ

һ֮󣬼ȷŴɽǡ
Ȼ˵Ŵɽǣ˵ĸоƺҪһʲôЩ˾͸Ӳˡ
ǱֻŴɽˣǣǻδ
ӦǲܵģⶼʮˣҲѾչǲܻûг

ʥ塣
ǹǵۣٺٵЦЦԹԵ˵˼Ļûгûûгء
޼ɣҪȵʮҲŻʽҲȷû˭ˡ
ǡǰҲǳˣ˲òǰӹүӵı
ǶڹĹҲǳܹ⡣
ǰǡʱҲͬΪʱͻȻԽ˰ʮ꣬û˹Ϣ겻ѡ
û취˭ùߣۡ
һеϣҲգںУȷֹڹžֱ켣Ľܡ
ʱǿˣȻɻе꣬ٲٹˡ

ʱѧί칫ҡ
貨ҲͬˣġǡأͻȻֵİʮʱȣҲͬǴ⡣
ǳߵдֱȥ˰ʮ֮󣬹Ҳ͹ӹôˡ



һǧİʮ Ĳ
貨Ϊ̾ŻҲֻйӹŸôԡ
ڹ壬ҲͬЩֻ꣬ûЩǿҰˡ
󣬶ǣҲͬΪӦŴɽȻȷоһʲôӲǡ
ңĵΪǣҲ
ͬʱһǣڶ౨־ı༭ǣҲͬ۽صġǡݡ
֮ǰڹӹԤֵȻǶԵģȻ͡¡ϵ
ȻڵڶµĽβʱֱӿԽ˰ʮ꣬еĶһЩûзӦļܹȻѾȷˡ
һǸпǧһһϵдҺΪһ׸ֱһܹ쵽
ȻǡŸոտƪһѾܹ϶ǡǰ
һӰɽ
һǸ̾ѣƺÿιӹƷʱǶ̾һ
Ȼڸ֮̾࣬Ҳźͨһڴ
ںĿ켣ڴ֪콣صܡ
ӹƷһͨĶߣǺ֣һͨߵݣȥӹƷĸܡ

ڴͨڴܶࡶǡĶߣҲͬڴ
ʱǵڴдҴҶֵһڡЦеӡ
˷ܡڴЩģĶǡĹ¡
һǴӵ¿ʼ֮ǰǲ²Ĳûдڵ½βʱŴɽϴˣӥ̽üӥŮء
ŴɽҪϮһ£Ҫء
Ϊݺңȥӥ̣˽˲ܶͻ䵱ģء
ȻŴɽҪǣ䵱ɽð䵱ҽߵһˡ
һ˲Ǻֽžϵס
û֮ǰӥ̵ݺұ㲻ΪмƶˣҲͲкĵڶ˺
˵зϣӥҲзǳΡ
һŮǵĻŴɽ֮ĸ飬ҲͬᲨ۲ϡһš
¼淢չ
ӥ̵õһɽСϾӢ磬ϯչʾ
صǰ˵ӢѾ׼ãǰȥ
Ŵɽ֪֮󣬾һͬǰΪð䵱ҵһˣĿľΪ˴䡣
ǰȥӢֳĻ֡
ǣŴɽһɽ
ϯ䣬ӥԼȺչʾ
չʾڼ䣬ëʨлѷȴͻȻлѷƾǿ书
Ϊ˲ϵϢй¶лѷԡʨӺ񹦣ȫΡ
Щѹ֮󣬽óճɵɵȻ޷й¶ϵϢˡ
Ȼ⣬ȻŴɽء
лѷҪһʰģ˸ƾ£лѷ޷ֻ֣÷Źˡ
лѷȻûнΣΪ˲й¶ܣҲ뿪
ҪȥѰһƫƧСоܣǿȶ˸һȥ
ǣŴɽضˣȺлѷͬһȥããѰһƫƧµ
ããĴϣŴɽض㺰ϲ˶Է
ȻŨһͷлѷͬһϣ˫ͻϡ
ŴɽضȻ֣ҲԶԶлѷΣղϣʹһαӦǷǳĺ֮ãԵò졣
Ȼиġ
һգͻȻˣ˵ĳ˴˹£Φ˵Ҳ٣˴ʧȥ˶ԷĿƣֻģޱ޼ʵĴƯ
Ưʮ֮󣬴ײ˱ϣӳ׵ĳûˡ
־ǲԾһƯıɽ
˺󣬱ɽڴƯ
ĳһգͻлѷͻȻԴ󷢣ҪɱŴɽˡ
˫һչһУðϹлѷ˫ۣ˲Žұס
һɽ֮󣬼Ư
ɽϣ˵ĸѾ˼ڱɽϰأΪ˷ޡ
Ư֮Ʈһĵ֮ϡ
ڻĵϣŴɽضѰһɽס£˵ϵûˡ
лѷҲͬƮĵ֮ϣʱ˫ϹŴɽض˵вСࡣ
ңлѷϹ˫ۣں޷ҵʳѾһϢ
Ŵɽض̣ʳָлѷԡ
Ͼлѷʱ򣬲ûΪѹǡ
ƺԼܹƵġ
ĵסΪϼлɽбɽлѷΪȡ˸֣𵺡
ʱһһһ·ĺƯֱĲѡ
ǴʱѾ϶ŴɽǣںϹˣЦͿˡ
ǰˡ


һǧİʮһ Ҫˣ
һξĶǵĺƯ֮ãŴɽءлѷˣڱϰ
һҲڷֶԺĹ³ڴ
ŴɽȻǣôȻһֱڱϣȻҪصԭȥġ
ããҪβܹȥһǷǳڴ
УŴɽһԭȻᲨ۲ϣΪѾؽΪ˷ޡ
Լӥ̣Ǻзϵ֮䣬ֻºٺг˵ĸҪܵٵĿ顣
ôᷢһЩʲôĹ£һͬǳڴ
ȻһΪŴɽˣ뷽跨ԭʱȴڵϰģֿĵס
֮ػУֹ˽һ֮ؼ衣
һЩˣǴڱϳסĽడ
ԭֵأŴɽǰ
Уô˺ӣʲô
Ȼⲻ˵ǲܹкӣһ˵ôкӵġ
Ϊһ˺ӣǵǣƱؾͻ࣬ܶĹڣͲôˬˡ
һЩ㲻
ǲʧΪⲿƷǹӹǾŹӹӹڣӦʲôġ
ңӹϲϵ𣿴ѾϰΪ
ŴɽضڱסлѷȻҲͬס
һʱ˫ദҲǢ
Ȼǰһ̣лѷͻȻԴ󷢣ۿžҪŴɽضնڵ¡
һӵȴлѷͻȻԾȥָǡ
ŴɽضˣһȻ޾ϲãǵĺڽˡ
лѷںҲϲŴɽض˼״лѷΪӡ
ҪԭȻΪ˱ӡ
лѷΪˣʾԸΪӣҸȡ˸֣޼ɡ
лѷŴɽض˽Ĺ£Ŵɽضˣ֪лѷΪʲôҪΪʲôżԭ
ԭлѷһСʦɱӡոճĺӡĸȵȡ
лѷҪʦ˵Ѫ𣬵书ߣлѷԶԶǶ֣˲ͼܣлᱨԼѪ
֮ԻżΪΪ书ٽǿȭ˾Եʡ
֪ԭ֮Ŵɽض꣬һҲһ̾
лѷǻˣΪ˱ԼĴ˫մѪȣΪ˱Լʦһʮɱ޻
лѷȻҲͲǺˡ
ȻʲôǺˣʲôǻˣЩʱ˵
̾Ϣһ룬ӶˣŴɽضˣӦ취ԭȥ˰ɣ
ȴ룬ӹһθҿһЦŴɽءлѷ޼ˣڱһסʮꡣ
޼ɶѾʮˡ
ʮлѷ޼ɼ۰Ҳûз񣬻ŴɽΪֵܣǳá
Ȼⲻص㣬صôͻȻʮˣ
ʱҲ̫˰ɡ
ҪǣŴɽûзԭȴѾʮˡ
ʲô
ţԣѵʱͻȻоЩԾˡ
ѵŴɽǣ޼ɲǣһǲС
ֻǣŴɽǰϷôأܲǰ
ĶӳˣѾʮˣҲȷǣȻʱʵ̫һЩ
ôŴɽ޼ɸ˭ǣһԺˡ
ڣһα˷룬û˭ˡ
һЩЦãӹ˵飬ûô׿͸
ðɣ¿ܻ֪˭ǣ
һҡҡͷǻͲˣС˵˭
Ŵɽء޼ڴľ뿪סʮı𵺡
лѷΪ˲ŴɽܵԼǣִҪһڱ𵺡
Ŵɽ˿Ȱ޹ֻ֮лѷԺٻرлѷ
ҪԭˣһǾʮʱ䣬ԭ϶ȻѾ˲Сıʡ
ʱᣬѾǰˡ
˵ľڴϣűƯʮ֮ͻȻһҴ󴬣һӥ̵Ĵ󴬡
˼˷ܣܹȫعԭˡ
˴֮ϣִϵ˳ӥ̵֮⣬䵱ۣԼɵˡ
ŴɽضͻȻ֣ҲͰնˡ
ھһϵеĶԹ֮Ŵɽء޼ˣһ뿪׼䵱ɽ
ڷص;У˵˹书顣
˵ÿ궼չؼ£˼书ҪԼһɣĸŸ书ȫȻͬѧ
˵䵱ɵ书ҪԴһ澭
澭ĸ֣ǵ۾ʱɵùԲȻһ
ѵǿȴݣҪ


һǧİʮ е
澭ĸ֣оǡ顱һͻȻԤеǿȴݣҪˡ
书Դڡ澭ȻΪ֮ʱþԶڡ
ԶԲ֮ǰоڳž֮⣬ʼǣҵĹ塣
⻹һˣ׷϶һֱڰɫʦɫʦѣԲΪѹˡ
ʵϣžܹ֮ɮڵ׷ϣʵΪɫʦԵʡ
ڣ˵ˡ澭Ȼ˵ʱ£ǺܿҲ˵壬һУ޵ڴ濴
ʵȻˡ
۵þԶʦС澭ģλһǶʦһɵɫʦһλǸŮӣǶɵĴʦŮ
ص˵Ůλͷǹĸؤưأʧݣ˫˫ѳѡ
۵ǣҶʦ򸾣ڻɽһ֮ԵÿλΪΪʷǣ˵ҵѧ֮ˣԹΪģ
˵괫á澭ˣԸвͬҲв죬еõġ澭ٲһûеȫ
ָ֮˵ˣžʱֽžϰõһ书ҲԴڹ͵޺
֮󣬲֪䵱üɵĿʦȻ˵ԨԴ
˵ȻˣžΪβȢΪأ
˵ʦŮɽ·ֱ֮󣬴˺ûټ档ʦ˵ŮһˣǱ⣬ʯɹŴ󺹵Ů߱£ûܸᣬʮȻ󳹴򣬱Ϊᣬ˶һɡ
⼸ݿ꣬һȫЩ񣬹˺Ƭ֮󣬲Ȼһ̾
ڵȵǿȴݣ֪˹ɽ£žֱ֮켣
Ȼ֪֮ȴȻꡣ
߱£ڻûܹһ棬δЩ̫ڲпˡ
˼Ȼһֱ˵ʮ꣬ʮˡ껨һͣʮ꣬ʮʱ䣬ȫ˼жȹ
ңõĶʮ꣬Ǻʮʱ䣬嶼ζȹģ
ֻ޾̾Ϣ
ڹʮʱڴ󳹴򣬳Ϊᣬǿ˶üһɣΪ˶üɵĿʦ¡
ڴӶ˼˳ΪµĶüɿʦһԵĸеˡ
ȻһȴͻȻ˵Ϊ֮󣬱㲻˼𣿡
ѵ𣿹ʮʱ󳹴򣬳Ϊᣬͱڲ˼ˡ
ҲϣˣʵȴոյǸ˵
ʵѵ֮ûаѶ˼ƾʲô˵
ֻǳ֮󣬼˶ü֮Ҳɶ˼ѣһ˼ֻ°һոյٴ˵޾ꡢ̾Ϣ֮⡣
ƾʲô˵ԭأ
ԭǹĵӣüɵڶŵ֣ʦ̫ոյ˵
֪üɵڶŵֽʦ̫ôˡȵȣ꣬⡭
һǳʱΪ⣬ͻȻһطɿڡ
ǹĵط
յȻڿ˶ü֮ΪԼĵȡΪꡱһѾԶ
˼Ȼһֱûз¡
ңпܰһ
һֻţëϸУСʹ
ڵȵ˹ĺ켣Ȼȴֵȵ֮󣬱ǰӵꡣ
Ѿ֪ˣһ켣֪˹ǶüɵĴʦԹ޾Ĺܹˡ
վһ˳Ůӡ
ض˵ĶԻУ˹Ϣ֮⣬һϢҲͬꡣ
ʧݣ˫˫ѳѡ
ض˾Ȼʧ֮գѳˣֻȻһʹ
ضһʱ䣬ԼڹʲôΪΪ֮ߣʲôǾϹᣬѡ
һǾţԹھµľ书ʧ֮ʱŻذȫ뿪׾١
ǻԼҲܹ׾ٵ뿪
Ҳȫѡ뿪ػһӣеİգƽĶʮʱ䡣
ͷѡ뿪Ļû˻˵ǵİڲˣԼ뿪
еİգֻĸм
ȴûѡ뿪ѡǹ˫˫ѳѡ
Ϊǵİգػһ̡
ܶǵ۾ͻȻЩʪˡ
Ƿ·ֿˡӢ۴УǸ޶ۡľ磬Ǹ龫֡Ƥɰض
ǿ˴ഺ٣緢곤֮Ϊˣյػ
˫˫ѳѡ
оԼУеΡ



һǧİʮ ˣ
ǹйض˫˫ѳѣһǵ飬Щء
ֳص˺һ֮뵽ضȻѳѣǶȴϰ֮˵Ŀģ˵ҵѧ֮ˣԹΪģ
һһʰԼ飬ȥĹ¡
Ȼ˶ԹĹⲿƷĺܶʣȻʮڴ
˵Ŵɽ޼ɸ˭ǣ
ʵ˵ȻûȫŪ
ڻصԭмȻŴɽΪģڵƶҲȻŴɽŷǳĹϵ
лѷ֮ǰΪ˼޻ʦµЩڱع⣬֪лѷ
лѷϵϢҲѾй¶
ɵ˷׷ҪŴɽضˣ˵лѷ䡣
Ϊ˱Ϊ
Ȼ޶ȴ˵Ŵɽ䵱֮һĳͻƺѾɱ⡣
еڣΧŴɽչŴɽƺȷǡ
һ
󣬼濴
ڼۡŴɽˣ޼ɼϻ䵱ɽ
·Ϊһαʣ޼ɱһظ°ߣۡŴɽ˻ص䵱ɽ
Ŵɽʧʮ֮ؼңȻʮָˡ
ת۵ٵһ죬ϸŸɵĴ׷ײԼͬĲ
˱Ϊף٣Ŀȴǽף֮ϱŴɽ˵лѷ䡣
һĿģŴɽ䵱ȻҲ֪
Ѿ䶨ʤ׼
Ŵɽǿ϶˵лѷģлѷǽֵܣϡ塱ΪأŴɽϳԼ֣ڵҲ˵ͨġ
ֻҪ书ϣӮЩЩＴٲģҲֻ뿪
䵱ɵĳͻԵõ
ҲʱĽ
鿴ȥƺӣһڴ䵱Ӯʿı䡣
ȻڴܹԳ֣ǷǳҪ֪书жǿ
ֻǿϧȻǲԳֵġ
Ȼڴ˫սʼʱȴǱʶ
¿ŷΪ׵ʿһŴɽΪҪɱھֵһС
ھֵһСʵðŴɽɱģŴɽҲ֪¡
ˣŴɽʵЩҪ֤ԼףͱҪ˵ء
Ѿİޣܹ˵
ؼŴɽٵ֮ʣΪ´ֵʱŴɽ߲УվھֵһСɱġ
ֶŴɽ˵һһֱŴɽǹҵһ¡
ڣҪȥ˵£ҵĿˡ
ԭݺңҶڰá롱ҵˣء
ֱ֮ǶˣϼӶ֫ܶ
ΪˣҲŻܵĵڶ˺зϡ
˵֮Իзϣһжض
һκŴɽ䵱֮һֱҡ
죬˵˳ҶһۣõҵĿˡֻϣܹĺһֻϣ²Ŵɽ
Ŵɽ֪ӥΪȴ֪ĻĻס
ֻ֪ھֻһ䵱֮ˡ
ȻҲҸŴɽࡣ
Ϊ֪Ŵɽ֪ˣпܲԭ
ڣŴɽ֪࣬Ȼȫ
ؼˣݸŴɽһѳ˵磬ʮޣأҽԹ϶ֱ۷ҵĴֻһɱˣȫ䵱֮塣
Ŵɽӹܹµȥ֣
֪ҲϣҲԭأλĿң
һܳȥͷ֮˵ԼѾɴأӴȻĺ޼ɣȻˡ
һʿ˵ɱ˲ˣǷһ壬һ˳е
˵ǰеʿԲ֣䵱Ӳǵȱ֮ͽ
˵֮ͻȻӽأ
һ̫ͻȻᡢԶŵȴվһ
һҲǶȻһŴɽȻˡ
ʲôˣ
һȫЩЩûзӦ



һǧİʮ ѵõ˷
ŴɽͻȻأһȫЩ񣬺Ƭ֮ŷӦ
ܹȷһˣǱŴɽǡ
Ӧ޼ˡ
ŴɽͻȻأ겻ѡ
Ȼиġ
ؼŴɽͻȻأ絶֪ŴɽرΪ˵лѷ䣬Щʿıء
ԭʵΪŴɽ֪Ҳ֪ӦңöԲңŻӽء
ҲͬŴɽԡ
ŴɽضȺͬʱأеǸꡣ
ǰԼĺ޼ɡ
ԭǸ°޼ɵظ֣Ҳ޼͵͵ֳŴɽ֮ʱ޼ɾг־ȳ޼ɡ
ŴɽȺأҲһʿʼδǽˣ׷׸ǡ
䵱˱ʹڴŴɽ򸾵ɥַ֮޼ɾȻڤƵȻ֮ǰ°޼ɵǸظΪ
ҪڤƵֻΨһһ취޼ġ澭
ᵱþԶڵġ澭ȫ
ˣҲ޷޼ɡ
޼ССͱѾʱ޶࣬һǣһ硣
޼ɸòĳ°ɣȻַ֣޼ʵҲǡ
֮ǰΪŴɽͻȻһ㡣
鲢ûз
޼䵱ɽѾˣʱͼ뾡һа취޼ɡ
ֻǿϧ޼ǿ֮⣬޼ɡ
Ψһİ취Ȼֻ޼ġ澭
ˣ޼ɣ
ΪµɫʦҲþԶ˲֡澭ϣа취ȫ澭
޼ɽ£ʵΣʮ֮ǰʦԶʦһˮͰͬԼ֣ʱǰֹ
¸пЯ޼֣֮ɽɣǾԶȴѲˡ
пһҲͬпһˣǸ¿¼ŶȻɽŮ
һ겻ѡ
ܹóеĲ֡澭޼ɡ
ֻǿϧίܾΣֻô޼뿪
ʱ򣬽ؽ
أһǳһص̫̫࣬¹Ƶǵ鼸۲ϡ
ϲ˷ܡˡѹжΡߡȵȸ鶼С
лѷСǿŴɽض˺һ뿪ʼ޼δ뿪
еݺ͹̫ˣ̫Ǹпѵĵط
ŴɽضˣںƯĹУ㺰Ϊޣ˺޼ɣڱһסʮꡣ
ڵȵ˹Ϣ֪˹ĺ켣
ضǱ֮գ˫˫ѳѡ
İϣŴɽضȺԾ
޼ССͣ㱥ڤ֮࣬ʱ޶ࡣ
ֵڶ˸пǧѾһƬ
Ϊ塢ءŴɽؼһְ֮ĿҪ޼ϡ
òײȷˣ޼ɲǣһǿɲϣǶǵĲ²⣬һδ
ô޼ɾͱȬ
޼ҪȬΨһ취ǵõġ澭
޼ɻõһΪ۷׷ס
䵱֡üɣԶ˲̶ͬȵġ澭ܹյĲóͬ꣬кܴĻᣬһġ澭ġ
ϧüɣԵĲԸ⡣
һ취϶ǲˣа취
һ֮ͻȻ˵Ҷǵڡ¡ĽβǲС澭ġ٤ûҵɣ룬ǲᱻ޼еõ
⻰е۾һҲͻȻһ硣
¡ոʱǾ˵澭һ־ͷǳţѧؼֻһ½ô򵥡
ңջʧˡ
ʱһһΪƲӹ͡¡йԭ֮һ
ڿӹǸʱΪˡ
ǲʧٵġ澭ӦþΪ޼׼ġ
һԽ룬ԽǾֿԷǳ󣬾ͬʲôһ㣬ԵúЩ˷ܡ
Ҳǽǿ֮ѵõ˷顣
һ޼ɿ϶Ͳˣݣܹٷ֮ٵĿ϶ˡ
⻹൱Ĳס



һǧİʮ ΰ󡱶
һ۷׷ףڶǣҲͬǵȦ顣
һڵһۣҲͬǵԴߵݣĶء
Ķ֮ԼߵݣٴĶĶĸȻȫһ
ĶǸпѡ
ԭŴɽǣǿɶˣʮֵʱ򣬲ųǣӹվǹӹҲֻдˡ
Ӧ˵һʱѾ˶ʮ֣޼ɶûʲôϷݣдո˵󡣡
ʵ֤дıǰпһҲˡ
Ҳòٴᵽ壬ʵ̫ˡĴ󱯣֮Х硷Уյĸ飬̾Ϣ
㣬й壬˵ĸƣָͬȴһģҶǰĵףŮӣʵ֮
˵壬Ͳò˵ˣȻֻС˵еΪǵΰ󡯶֡
ֻΪܴһ֪˹عµˣӦöΪɡ
ܹС˵еӰ˳ɹС˵磬ֻйӹһˡǷѧ˵֮⣬Ҳҳˡ

˵塢ˣһһθпǧ
ʱʱѧί칫ҵ貨ˣҲǡ˵塢ˡ
ڹ壬֮ǰ걾̫ǿңһڵأ֪˹ĺ켣֪Ϊȡꡱ֮ǶҲ޸п
Լ΢ϣдӹС˵ңҲд顯֮һǱµĴ󱯴鲻٣硶ǾУ˪֮飬ƶݷ顣ֱ硶Х硷Уյ飬硶Ӣ۴Уŷ˶Իص飬ٱ硶¡УĪ½չԪ飬Щ鶼̾ϢҪ΢ͬʱҲ飬Ȼǹ飬죬ȴһ
һλ΢֮̾һ˵һŮӡ
貨ͷҲһ̾Ȼ˵ǳ飬ض˾ˡ˰뱲ӣԸսѳѣҲ϶Ƕȥ˭أ
貨Լ΢дӽصġǡض˵ĶԻУǵ֪һҵϢضǱ֮գ˫˫ѳѡȻֻС˵еõϢȴܲܣΪΪ֮ߣǶΰġ
˵΢һܿͱ˴ϣ˿֮ٴһʹһ겻ѡ
˵һİ죬ȴһŮϧ
Ҳ貨˵һضȻ˫˫ѳϢҲͬΪĲܡ
ڴҿ˵ȷΰ󡱶֣ȻǵһΪգΪҵĸ٣ȴܹӰ࣬ʵʵʵˡ
Ƕ˵ȷΰġ

ʥ塣
ҡء֣ࡢˣҲͬΪض˵ѳ̾ѡ
ҵû뵽ѡѳ˵ҲڻľšȻźҪ־÷ǳá
ص˰뱲ӵֻϧʷĽŲעˣǲһֱȥ˵ı飬Ҳʷϴı顣
֣üΪɹڲ֮ǻ߳Ϊˡ
һӰС˵Ӱǰ飿
˸пһС˵ӰվﰵԸˣ棬ȴ¶

˸пǧЩ˸пŶ׿ǡĹ£Ҳڴ
޼ɻĻԵɺ£õġ澭
䵱뽭֮ĶԹԹֻôķչ
޼ǣôŮ˭ʲôݣʲôʱ֣
콣УӰʲôľܣ
ȵһЩе⣬ڴЩĴ𰸣ڽУһһ
ֻǡЦ־һڲŻᷢһڣʵ˵ȵ͡
Ʒμǡȴÿ춼أڵȴǡʱÿ춼ܹμǡǸоһڵʱ䣬õҲͦ졣



һǧİʮ ׯ׽
ǡÿһΣμǡȴÿ춼ء
ƷĶȺȻȫһҲ൱һֶߣϲǡҲϲμǡ
μǡÿ춼أʹһһֱеǿղܡ
ĿǰΪֹǶԡμǡϲ̶ȣѾԽ֮ǰġ塷
⵹ҲǺģӺܶ෽濴μǡȷӵ
һ£Զ濪ʤ
ңڵȡŶӣѾӵˣ֮ǰպС֮⣬ͽܣֱջ˽䣬ɳӵɳɮ
СϷݲ֮⣬˵Ϸݾǲ١
ҸԵصʮԣԸǳͻ
ʣŷ𷨣ؽɣĿȷᶨ첻ȡ澭Ĳطϲ˵̣ұȽφ£ռͽͷѡЩʱ޲֣Ƿǲ磬ȱͷ
գѱҵзı𣬺ʤǿЩʱϲ׽Ū˽䡣
Ȼ˽䣬ЩСóŪǷǣˣС˵ѣ̰СˣϲԽֲʧҺӣȻСִ֮ʱֺ¸ҡʱɢȻظңػɽɳӣһظׯ
ɳɮ̬ͣԹְʵĺУĿᶨҪʦֱ졣
ʦͽ˸ԷǳԵԸص㣬ⲿƷ֮һҲ䳬Խ塷ԭ֮һ
ܽʦͽ˵Ը죬־ʮֳɹеǣǣѾ֪̾˶ٴΣı֮ǿˡ
˹ӹ֮⣬޳ߡ
ȻⲿƷ֮֮󣬾ֻΪʦͽ˼Ϊɹ󣬻һһʾ׵Ĺ¡
׼ա¡ݣڳơܡͷšءָơΪգֽɮ
ɮʦͽȡϢħдһһԣ˵ɮʮеĺˣһ⣬Գϡ
ˣɮʦͽһ·֮·ϵЩ֣޲뽫ɮ׽סˡ
Ϊܹɹ׽סɮǱ쾡ıþһһĹ£ôһһĵ
ÿһ£ǵļ䶼ǳ̡
ӥշСɮ˰֮󣬺յһԺ
Ժسɮ˵ǴӶƶɮʲôܹ۽磿
ɮ˵ޱҲЯȻΪ԰һ˵ɮ͵Ľ˳
سϼ˽֮󣬼Ķ̰ĶҪΪС
ǣڵҹسĵģɮʦͽ޵ӵȼҪˣġ
ռʱ˽سϵıȥҹĿ˱ٻ飬ǰɮϡ
ҹ֮ʱŭسϵնģ磬ʹôԺ˴룬ɮȴǺˡ
ƾ˲Զڷ綴еһ֣سϽãԺ𣬱Ժ׼æȻ
ȻַˣڽسϷĽģҲ̰ͬģľߣҲˣνĳû١
ڶգɮسҪģسϼɮʦͽȻԼԺ˴룬òģŭַս֮£һͷײԾˡ
֮ղӦǱǺڷ綴е͵ȥˣڷ綴Ҫ
ֱ²Сռ佻֣ûռʲôˣֻȥϺ
󣬺ֱշ٤ɽɽճɹû˽ġ
֮ʦͽʰٴ̤ȡ֮·ֵһׯĵط
ׯĹ£ǽֵΪɮ˵ͽܣ˽䡣
ׯһ˼ң˽̫ŮŮͶŮˣֻʣСŮߴ
̫׼һŮţΪŮŵֻ
ҲеһŮ޸ĸֵܣǸްˣŮá
˻ǳڿңҲǳ󣬸ҵأţߣո̣õȡ
ֻʳǳһҪණʱͷģ
ҲͰˣúŮȥʯɰѸߴںլѾûøߴլˡ
̫֪ŮԭǸ֣ǲȥҷʦ׽
ȥҷʦ;Уǡҵط޵ɮնˡ
һ˵֮ɮն֪˸̫Ҳ֪˴еĿġ
յʾ׽˴ʦͽȥ̫ޣի˳æ׽
˼ƺȷбµˣŶȥ˸̫
˸̫һ֮պ͸̫ˣߴѺĺլǰ
սŪȳ˱Ѻ֮õĸߴø̫ܷĵĽߴߣֲգһȥ
̫ϲŮˣҡһ䣬ߴģǰ



һǧİʮ ɳͽ
ҡһ䣬ߴģǰ
˲֮һιȻһּóªë๴һ಻ࡢֱ֣ϵһֽ
ջĸߴһ̸֮󣬵֪סڸɽջࡣ
˵ķʦҪȴ˵ı仯ųݵĶ٣ôʦ
ߴ˵ǣǰ칬ʥ
˶ʱЩˣ˵칬£Щ£ŪͷҪߡ
ռҪӣԭһ֣ӣ
˼ԭ֮£˳ȥ
Ҳ׷˳ȥֱ׷ɽջǰ
պħΪλ֪ţ
ʵ˵ˣԭ֣ͨϹӵԪ˧ֻһĸһϣ˾ƣס϶ҪЪűأͶ̥űⷬģ
ֶһʹ𹿰ʹųݶңԶʱֱ֣ףַŰߣӽŲ
ջظׯɮ˵ֵ֮һջ⣬ҪֵĶš
ִһܻ֮˵ǵմ칬ʱסڶʤްɽˮΪҪջΪѣ
ܹ㻯ɮȡ˵һ顣
󣬻æųݶһӣոȡˡ
ԭҲͬ˹㻯ڴ˵Ⱥȡˣȡȡ
㽫ְˣׯɮǰ
ּɮݣڳʦ˵ʧӭˡ
ɮɻ֮£ԵɣϲΪͽУᣬɮΪȡ˸˽䡱
ֻϲӴ֮˽ˡ
ְ̫ʦȥаҲʮֻϲʳϯɮա˽ˡ
˳Թϯ֮󣬴Ǳ̫ٴ̤֮·
Ӵˣֶ˽һˣһǶԴ˷ܲѣԺĹڴ
ʦͽ˼Уһ֮󣬹˹ؽ磬ڸɽһλڳʦ
˽ڳʦʶ˵ڳʦУֻûȥ
ɮݼڳʦѯ»жԶڳʦش˵·;Զе֮գֻ·໢Уħ
ɮһĦڭ۶ľ
꾭֮ڳʦҪȥɮ״סڳʦѯȥ·ڳʦһƪԤӣ⣬ڳȥ
ʦͽ˼УֵһƷĵطһƷֵ֡
ƷһСѲɽ֮ʱɮʦͽˣʹһɽ֮ƣա˽Ȼһ罫ɮ°˻Ʒ綴
ա˽˼ʦץߣϻƷ綴Ҫȳʦ
ǻƷǵıµҲСնʮغϲʤʹһ磬ε˫
յ˫۱ǿεʹ˽һȥѰҩû٤һ
߸۵ҩָǻƷֹεķ硱ܴذƹιʯ¶񣬴ݡ
κ۾֮󣬱仯ΪһֻСɳ棬ɽƷ綴֪̽˻ƷΨ鼪
ǣվȥ鼪ֻǲ֪鼪ںδҵһ̫׽ǻָ鼪շ˻Ʒ֣ԭɽһõ
ȳɮ֮ʦͽ˼·Уľֵ֮һа˰Ĵӣɳӡ
ӱһʯдţ˰ɳ磬ǧˮëƮ«׳
һǿʱ޲棬Ҳ̫ر˰ɣë«ҲҪˮףǾ;Բжɴ֮Ķɺӹˡ
ôˣɮҪζɹɳӣ
ա˽ˣƼҲ͹ȥˣɮڲƣݲҲ޷ա˽˱ŷɹȥ
Ϊɮ̥˱ڱϣ̩ɽ֮
ɮҪ찳ѿຣܴӿзɹȥ
Ҫβܶɺӣһʮڴ
ʦͽ˳ӦζɺʱǺһֻ֣ʮ׳һͷɫͷ״ֻ۾ϲڲɫһ멣һ˫¶٣ɾſôɵֳһѱȡ
Ҳ֣֮ͬͨǰϵľ󽫣ֻĸϣʧִ½絽ɳӡ
˽ϰֶѽѷ֣ռ״֮£𹿰ǰȥּ״֮ӻغӵףٳ
֮˽ºȥֳڰߵţͼ뿪ˮ֮併
ֻض˼ܹ֮ͷӻغ֮Ҳѧˣ˽գҲϰֻںر˽ֳ
ѳɮ޷ɺӣվȥϺҹ
֮󣬹˵ϵľٷҲͬĵ㻯ɳӵȴȡˡ
˵ϴľſܹɮɳӡ
ǣһ«ݰߣһɳӣɮɺӡ
պͻݰ߻صɳӣݰ߻֣ɮȡ˵ݡ
֪Ǻбһֱڵȴȡˡ
ǣϰɮΪʦ˵ָ̻Ϊգָȡ˷ɳ򾻡
ɮϲȡ˽䵶Ϊɳ˷
䷢֮ɳȰɮְպ˽䣬ɮ񣬺кмҷ磬ֳΪɳɮҲɳС
ɳɮȡԼϹŵãӽŹĺ«ڵУɳ棬Ϊһֻ«Ưں档
ɮϺ«ƽɺӣ˺Ӷʱ򣬻ݰ˺«ɳɮǾſãŹ磬ʧ
ɮ˳ɹɳӣ˵ͽɳɮ
Ӵ֮ȡĶСѾˡ



һǧİʮ ˽ײ
ɮɳеΪͽɳɮֽɳɮϹŵľſã͹ĺ«ɹɳӡ
һǿһ֪̾ɮɹɳӵķ
뵽ȡŶӣϰһѾˣĹ¶ȻӵľʺȤһǱøӵ˷ܺͼ
һҲܿ͵˵ɮʦͽ˹ɳ֮һ·ɽԽ룬ʱ֮һɫʦͽҵطЪϢ
Ȼ󿴵ǰһǳɵׯԺǰȥһ
ׯԺǰŵһ̴ѸѸɮʦͽ˽ݣ˵Լмᣬǧ꣬Ůֻǰңɷ־׷ĸŮԸɮʦͽΪɮʦͽΣ
ɮƣĿģȻ
ǹѸ˵ʮ꣬Ů棬ʮ꣬Ůʮ꣬СŮʮ꣬㲻˼ңҲмɫŮָᡣ
ɮ˼ȴȻջ۽𾦣ѿׯԺİ֣ӯǷɵ㻯ȻȴδƣȻҲͬΪ
ȻûпȻҲͬΪ
ɳɮҲͬʾȰ˽УʦȻҲҪȥɴ֮¡
Ψ˽˸ɫӣǹѸ뿪֮˽֮ׯԺŴǹѸﺰһʾԸⱻΪ
ǹѸӦˣֻŮ˽ȴֻһˣӦýĸŮ˽䣬ѸʾǳΪѡ
˽˵ԽŮһѧøս֤֮Ů̵ûϲ
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Ȼصļǵˡ׹ǾڣμǡֳԽԽƣһӰֹ˾ԽԽ޷ĵĵȴμǡˡ
һ첻ѵӰıȨǾһ첻ġ
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ŸӰֹ˾ģҪμǡӰıȨǿԸЩ⣬ǡμǡӰȻǳ졣
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һ֤ˣǰӰıȨܹ

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һǧİʮ ɮ
һڻɽңһߣɮ˽䡢ɳɮˣ̤֮·
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ɮоЩ˽ȥЩʳ˽ȡ˲ۣѰʳȥˡ
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һ·֮˽˯Ե·˯
ɮɳɮò˽ɮɳɮǰȥѰң˵ҲʳˣҸطЪϢҪġ
ɳɮߺ󲻾ãɮ÷ƣ߳ЪϢ֣Զһط˸ڣϸһԭһ𶥷Ź⡣
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һǧİʮ һͬ壬
ɮ۹ԩһֻϻұ۹ֱһֻϻС
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󣬼濴ǻ۹ֱˣ
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ڻʹ⣬СʦֱһֻϻУЩŴʦֱߣ˽䡢ɳɮѶֻһܹʦˡ
ǣСֳл۹ĵطֱһݽĵĹװ۹ƣȻͻȻ۹ַѡ
ֻϧСԶԶǻ۹ֵĶ֣ǳ䲻ͻȻ͵ϮҲû˻۹֣۹ȣߡ
һߣ͵͵˽ȥֶȻɳɮԼһ˸ӲֵĶֻ֣û˱׼ɮ˵֮ñǲЩȥɳɮ
˽صˣҲ˽˵ˣɮԩϻ顣
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С˽ȥɽѴʦ
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˵۹֣ǱϾѾʮķޣӣٶЩġ
ٻ˵һ֮ͨյ˼ȥˣҡһ䣬ٻģֻ
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˴ѽѷ֣վոһЩ۹ּˡ
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۽ľٻأʿľΪ˽·䣿
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ԭǱǷˣŮͿľ˽ͨ˸顣
˲̸˵һ⣬Ů˽·ȥڱʹԺΪ˱İٻ
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󣬽ľǱȥʹ̫Ͼջˣٺ٣йְ޹ؼ
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ǣԣɮֳԭ
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ɮˣ֮Уٲա
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֮󣬱Ϊлɮʦͽˣۣ󿪶
˻ʶ֮󣬴ȥٹ͡
ˣɮʦͽһͬ壬
Ҳ
һǿ֮ܲѣ֮ǰɻ˴𰸡
ȫ޵ʣʵǾʣ



һǧİʮ ɮϻԭ
˽أ֮ǰʣȫ˴𰸣һ˷ܲѡ
ѾһƬ
ɮ֮ǰΪմˣĽߡȴݺ˵ϻѵǴ˵е
Щѭ˼ɮ޹˽ߣڱݺ֮ǴģڣƺЩⰡ
ȷӦ⣬ǿ̽֡˵ǣ۹־ȻǶʮ֮һĿǿľǣ½簡ֲ˽䡢ɳɮС˶ԶԶ֡
ʮڡ塷б⣬Ľؽ̵ӣͨ¶ΪɵԶʮӦöǶԭڿǿľǵԭӦþˡ
ľõֱӱɣ껹бģСҲɣûбģٴҲ֡ȻľǵıµǲС
ˣͻȻһ⣬۹ֻ˵ľǣɮһֻϻΪʲôϻĶǷʲô⣿
ӦûʲôɣӦѡһֶ
ҲΪӦû⣬ѡһֶѡɮܣ㶨Ȼֻʣʲô⣿
ðɣȷˣˡ

һ۷׷ףᵽɮ۹ֱһֻϻʲôǷʲô⣿
ҼһΪⲢûʲô⣬ѡһֶѡ
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ôûʲô
һǣԴҲΪЩȤҲͬ⡣
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᯸ͬЦȻˣǻϹأ΢ϺǹһǶԴ˻ǳȤһô
Ӳûƴǣ˵Ӧˣ뵽ģԹ
ǣԼ΢ϱ༭˺һ֮󣬸һ΢

ӵ΢ոûãѾϡ
΢˵ģ˽أһȽ˼⣬Ǳǻ۹ΪʲôҪɮһֻϻĶ
ϻѡĶҾһо֣֮ɮ֮Իһֻϻʵġ
Ȼһ£ɮճ̤֮·ĵһʲô
ûһֻϻ
Ǹʱɮ˵ӣһ׶ħˣץħС
ħϻѣɽҰţʿߡ
ʱɮ˵ӣѣҪԵɮֱ׾١
ǣǽԵɮ˵ӣûгɮ˵һٳԡ
ɮ̫׽ȡ
ǿΪ֮ûгɮһҲΪɮڡ
ô˵û˺ɮһʵ
һǶ˵ϻɮһҪм֡
֮ɮ̫׽ǵİ£ħܿΣա
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ɮմӻϻһɽ̫ճ־ɮ
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⻹û꣬ɮһǰߵʱһֻͻ
ͻŤͷߣֻǱոϣһ򶷺ϻˡ
ջɮ˵Ҫֻϻ
ɮѾϻû꣬ھճɽ֮һֻϻ
һϻմûƤһƤȹ
ݹɮ̶ʱڣĴϻȻܵ˾ţûһֻϻɮɹʵϵ˺
Ȼֻϻʱɮûбֳ˿֮ģϻ飬պնˣҪ˺ϻ
ˣ˵ҪϻдոƤƤȹʱɮҲûκεķӦ
֪ɮһǳˣЩʱͷЩж⣬Ҫ˺ˣǶЩε֣ɮ֮ģĪҪЩ˵
ȴֻû˺ϻû֮ġ
˵ɮֻԡˡ֮ġЩΪǵһȵģԲ֮ġ
ǣѧнƽȣҲ󣬶Ҳգƽȵġ
һ֣ڱ϶ͬģûи¹֣֮зԣܳɷ
˵ɮʱľ绹ߣûдﵽƽȵĳ̶ȡ
һûжԣֻû˺ϻֳ֮ͬġ
ۺϿԿɮ֮ԱľǱһֻϻһΪǷϻġ
ϻûгӦĴм֮ӦȰ˵պն˲Ҫ˺ϻûС
ûȰ˵֮Ķû
ΪҪϻĽǶȥһ£ʲôƽȡ



һǧİʮ һ
ӵ΢һǧ֣ɮ֮Իᱻϻԭ
Ȼֻǲ²ֺһһﶼ͵һҲȻԭ򡣡
ԭΪϻֻѡһֶڲ֪Ȼ档
һǼ˷ЩᣬǷ֣ûǵĽǻ꿴μǡ
ֻ˵ǿġμǡֻǡμǡľʶѡ
˭õɮϻܹ⡣
ϣһٴξ۷׷ס
ʼ˭ɮϻǷʲôԭţ˲Űԭ򡣡
ڿɮճ֮ĴϻΪһ̵ˡʵ̫Ҳ̫ˣĽǻ귢ֲˡ
˵̵棬˵עɮǰ򣬲Լ汻ϻĹ
ƽȣеķԣԿɳɷɮȴ¼֮ӦöԴиεˡ
½μǡֱǽڿμǡʱҪˡ
ֻǸĻҪȫƪϸ˼һЩǿʮͨڣ˵ͰĳԽԽϲμǡˡ

һӵ΢ڴ۵ʱһθһ΢
һ΢дģǸոڷǰһʱ˵ɮĵһϻ
һ㣬ʵҲԶһ룬Ϊʲôɮĵһϻ
һֻϻΪʲô
Ҫ֪áΪһֻϻٶһֵĸо
ôΪʲôҪǷʲô⣿
Ҿһ֣⡣
Ƕ֪ׯλ׷ܡʷʡ
У׷ܡеġ͡ܡָĶǽ
գϣУһԽֽУܡǽıš
׷ܡһָľǣμˮӱ߷УĹ¡
һƷ塷УҲǷǳҪڡ
Ҫ˵ģɮĵһϻͽйء
šܡġܡǳ˳ܣǳ˳ϻ
Ϊع׼أϻɾ֮Ϳ˫ᣬԻܡ
ΪʲôɻҪܡ
еԭ򲻵ö֪ǲֻҪ֪һĻĴоˡ
ôǿԵóһۣɮĵһ֣ϻʵӰš塷е֮
ڡ塷󣬽ַ䣬ȻԼûб񣬵ȴֳ֡ޡɣʵ֮
ڵġμǡΪ˱֮ľ⣬Žɮĵһ֣ѡΪϻ
ҲΪĹϵΪȡһЩֵ֣
Ȼ˧ҲԳΪ
ҲΪˣԼɮϻû˺ɮ
ôΪʲôҪϵĽأ
ȻҲԭġ
ֺѣһܾ⡮롮ܡֽǡܡгӢۡ
һشʿһͷҰţ
ͬһ֣˲ò뵽һʣţ
ϵӢۣţ
ϱɮĵһ֣ΪʲôϻΪʲôԭ
ȻֻҸ˵ķƲ⣬ҲǶԵģҲǴġ
Ƿд⣿ҿۡ
ӵһ΢һһμɵۣȻ鲻ԽغҲȻⶼ˶Ľ⡣
ȻֻӵĽܰٷ֮ٵĿ϶˵⣬˵ȴûе
һǴʱֻһ뷨ǻӦһΣμǡϸϸĶһ顣
лŷǳ࣬ǳ˼һһȥ֡
ЩŵģȴֵҲ˷ܲѡ
ϣҲһ˶۷׷ס
Ҳ̫˰ɣǿĽҹһӶ
ˣҪȫĿμǡһ׵顣
ҹƾԼǲܷЩģһʵʵĵǵĽɣԼϵ־Ҳ͹ˡ



һǧİٰʮһζʮִʫ
ʥ塣
ҲͬˣӸµĵڶ΢ò˵ǺЩ
ǰμǡߣǷ⣬ӵķ˵ͨ
ждμǡʱҲδ֪
ʵϣμǡϻʱԡشʿֵ֣ҲЩɻҲ뵽
ӵķΪЩıϡ
ֻǿϧж˵ȷѾö֪ˡ
ȻμǡδжǰһΪжҲΪжˡ
⣬뵽жƵĹڣʾ˼ĻǿΪ塷飬ڡμǡ֮ǰ֤֮һ
ǰڡμǡ͡塷Ʒĳʱ䣬˭˭⣬һֱ鲻ϡ
¾Ļܹ֤塷ǰμǡں
Ͼ¾ĲʷϵĽֻǡ塷е֮
ֻǿϧֻһַͲ²⣬ΪʵԵ֤ݡ
ǰƷʱ䣬˭˭⣬Ҫһֱȥˡ
Ȼй£ĳֽǶȿδһ¡
ԣȷеĴʵûôҪ

˵ԣ߳䣬վڶ¥̨ӡ
ĴԵøⰻȻٻޣȺӸָҲھС
ǻȺһˣʫ续ķ羰ҲΪ˷羰һ֡
ǰ֮յһʫ
վϿ羰
羰¥Ͽ㡣
װĴӣ
װ˱˵Ρ
ԭһ׳ʫеһСΣȡγһס¡ʫһ޾ζ
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ϣǶڵһʱ䣬΢и£ǺЩ׷׵㿪
ԭΪǺ͡μǡйصݣ㿪֮ŷ֣롶μǡûκεĹϵ
ȴеʧȻ˷ܡ
Ϊһʫ򵥵34֣ȴζ
Ȼ34ֲص㣬صһִʫһֻ34ִֵʫȴζеǷǳϲ
Ҫִ֪ʫ͹ʫʲһִʫܳҪֳζҪٵƪ
ңִʫ״Ҫһ׺õִʫʵǳѣǱȴһ׺õĹʫѡ
뵽ʫҲȻˡ
Ҳֻлһʫˣܴһ˵ִʫ
ʫܿÿһ˶֮ϲĪ鲻ϡ
վϿ羰羰¥Ͽ㡣ÿ˶Ǳеķ羰ʫдʵ̫ˣΨдʫ
һʫֻ34֣ȻԽԽǸоζڲ֪ԭִʫҲü򵥵ֳ֣ζ
ΪǰдĶǹʫһдִʫ֪ˡ
ˣдĵһִʫôͻȻдִʫˣ
ʥﵽСˮǴ죬϶֯Ӧվĳ¥ӣȻżУдһСʫ
ӦþˣżУһ˾Сʫŵ磬ȻЩܹӵġ

˶һִСʫԽԽϲԽԽǸоζ
һʫˣֻЩͨѡ
ʫЭ칫¥
ҺȻһЦ˵ϰס£°Сдһʫ
סԪȻ֪ҿеġСӡ˭
дʫˣһ˷ܣСӵʫ׾䣬̫ˣһʫҪ׷ݵһ֮УдһסױŨĨˣӡȥˡ
˺üµʱ䣬Сдʫˡ
ͬʱȲʵһʲôʫ
Ц΢ϣһдһִʫ
ִʫסԪ˾һ㶣Сôдִʫˣ
΢΢һЩʧǲǱִʫʵϲʫ
ȻϣдȻǹʫ
ʵϣϲʫʵˣƫʫҪƫöࡣ
ʫǴʫʣҲԹʫʾӶ࣬ʫҲóʫ
ΪʫҪԶִʫζ֮ĸоҪԶִʫǿöࡣ
⵱ȻҲʵʫʵȷԶִʫ
ⲢִʫһȹʫʲֻǺõִʫѴˡ
Ҿ쵽˰סԪϣ΢΢ʧı飬һЦ˵ǲҪʧȿСӵһִʫ˵
סԪ˵ͷԵ½΢ǵʧֻǸϣǹʫˡ
ܿ죬Ǿ͸ı뷨ΪǿһףζȾʫִʫ



һǧİٰʮһ еķ羰
סԪ˿΢ϵʫȷһִʫȴһ׿˻ζִʫ
ϲɫ׹һЦ˵ʫʫһ׺ʫҿģõһִʫû뵽ִʫҲܹ˼򵥵֣Ⱦ˻ζζ
Ԫͬ޵򵥣ǲ򵥣СӵĲ츳Ľһִʫд˹ʫζǵĿǰΪֹҹʫ̳һִʫ
Цǲʧ˰ɣ˵ǰ治֪СдִʫҲ֮䣬ʫ̳һˡ
ֵС֮ԻдһʫӦǿʥ֯Ļ棬żСȻһʫ˳һʵ᳤͡ɣͲͷλˡ
һ˵Ԫ۾һɣҪ˵ȴЦе˵ϰװʵǷǳıǸʫҸոѾȥˣǸոտʫʱʵϣѾ༭֮󣬲ŸʫġȻҵ϶ȫ棬ǻԲ䲹
᳤㡭סԪŷ֣Ҳ˵ġա
Ҳûа취ˣ˭úȷʫء
Ҳֻȥ䲹享ҵˣסԪЩƵģͬʱ㿪˺ҵ΢
ֻдģոնСѵһִСʫʵϲԽһСʫ򵥵34֣ȴ̲޾ζ
ȣǿõʫվĳһߴԼļʥ֯дһСʫ
ڿ羰СʫдҲǿ羰īȴûлڶԷ羰ϣֻǲĹš¥ǿ羰ˡ
ɴǿ뵽ˮ̲ݡǰ
һˮīֵģ黯ıԼȥ󣬶ѻģ˿羰˺¥ϡ
ȷе˵羰ˣڹ۾ʱ໥֮ģּȤϷԹϵϡ
Ͽ羰ʫ¥Ͽ羰Ͽ羰ˣΪ¥Ͽ羰ʫеķ羰֮Ȥ
Ȼ¥Ͽ羰ˣֻʫˣˡ
ʫϽдʵıʷ۵Ĵδ¶ˣԷ羰һƬ飬Լ¥˶˵⣬һĻ仨⣬ˮ顱ϷԳ
ɴˣǲԡƤļһ£ʫ֮ԻģϿ羰ˣΪϿ羰ˣһĹ
ֻϧڹУֻķ羰֪¥ϵʫˣһֱĿ
Ƕܱգķ羰ھˣʲôʱܸܵ¥ʫĿ⣿
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𰸾ڵڶڣװĴӣװ˱˵Ρ
վϿ羰ϳ¥ʫС
ʫ˵УǸĹȻܹܵĿ⡣
ʫֱ֮ʣһɫʡܰش
ȻġĹһ˵Ҷʫ˵ĵ٩վϿ羰ˣһĹ
صϣ˵˵װĴӡһ䡭
סԪ˿˺ҵԵ˵ͷȻվڲͬĽǶȣԺҵһЩ䡣
СʫԴӶͬĽǶȥͣͬĽǶΪͬĸܡ

ҡסԪ˵Ҳܿϣǿ֮һ̾
˵֮ǲŷ֣ʫ֮ǰΪĸãԴӶͬĽǶȥ͡
ȤǺҵ٩ʽһϿ羰ˣһĹ
ϣһζʫ۷׷ס
ʱʥһЩοͣҲϷһʫ
վϪˮģһʯϿ羰һӣͻȻ̧ͷѰʲôһ㡣
ôˣڿɶأߵͬЩɻʵ
ոյ˵ҸոϿһʫҪûڿǣ㻹˵ҷǻеһ羰
ͬЩ±ƣ˵ʲôʫʲôеķ羰ʲô˼
ӰԼϵֻݵͬǰ˵㿴ʫͶˡ
ͬɻֻĻϿȥû೤ʱ䣬ЩϲġѽһȻҲ̧ͬͷĴ
Զһߵϣڿ羰ˣƺȷڿǣЩ˵УҲͬǷ羰һ֣ʫд
Ȼʫдǡ¥ϡȴָֻ¥ϡҲԷָһиߵء
ʫ˭ģдãζѽͬϲԽʵ
ոյӴ
ͬȻ˵ԭдģǾͲˡ֮ǰдʫʵôͻȻдִʫˣ
ӵϵ˷˵֯Ļ棬żж
֯Ļ棿ͬ۾ͻȻϲ˵ҲΪʫһףΪҲǴ˰
ӵ۾ͬһϲȷ˵



һǧİٰʮ 
ʥ塣
ͬӺЩϲǿ֯ĻдµһʫҲˣȻҲǳɾʫһ֡
ֻǲ֪ĳһߴ羰ģĿķΧڣûпǵӰ
ǿһʫвٵοͣҲͬһʫûϿһʫˣҲͬ˵һʫ
ΪһʫѾڴοǵĿдˡ
ڿ羰ͬʱҲΪеķ羰ʫ̫ζˡ
ȷζ֪ǣǷһϣһĹȻдһʫ
ܣֻŲ٣Ĺࡣ֪һţһ
ٺ٣һϵʱ򣬶߽У
˵ŵʫ˾ǲһһ뵽ȥˣȴ˵ǡװ˱˵Ρ˲ζʫⰻȻףű£еıʵܡȻҪŵ˲С
ôһȥװΣ
ЩӣֻһһҲδ֪ǡ
еơ

οһͷ羰һۡ٩һʫȤǳĸߡ
һʫǲʶڿ羰ͬʱҲǱеķ羰ǳ˼
ȻοǵУҲͬΪ˷羰
ʵϣڿ羰ͬʱҲȷڿˣֻ֮ǰûʶЩʵҲеķ羰
ȻǽֵģһĹȥװΣ
ŮοЩӦͬΪȤ
ɫ΢΢һ죬һڡ
оϲԼܹȥװΡ
Ҳ΢΢һЦ֪Щǵ٩ﲻ

ڴοǵ٩ʽֳۣһ˿Ц
õһʫôǶȿͣôϲĹأ
ðɣʵҲϲĹ
ߵϪˮʱһЩοϳ׷ЦŴк
ׯãǶʫˣдãԭǶǴһ羰
ׯǲĿĸĹˣ
⻰˵ģĹʦׯȻǲῴĸġԣϡһõò׼ȷׯֻ黨ˡ
ׯֻ黨ѡ

ЩοΪϤеκεľЩʱ򻹻ῪһЩЦһ
һЦ˵׻˵ĵҲĹǣķ羰ǰǧҪķ羰ˡ
һ˵οȫ۾һַ׷״Ц˵
ǲķ羰ǧܴлׯѡ
˵ǿԹģŹǿ𣿡
ûϾׯ˵Ǵķ羰ֻͷ羰ˡ
ԭˣڿԹĿˣллׯָ
ллׯ

οǹЦŷ׷׵лȴ˵˵ʲô
οһЦ˵ׯʫôãҪһף
Զԣׯһף
ׯдһף

۾׷˵
һף룬ǺһЦ˵ðһʫ򵥣ֹһףҿס
οȫһ˵ׯھʫף
ͷȻ
οǾȫ׼֪ʫ׾䣬ڼʫҲȻͬСɡ
˵ȡϿ羰ãٲȥһ׾䵮ţס
οһ˫۷ŹģٺٵЦЦһ˵˰ˡˣ˭ֽʣһдˣʫЩϰߡ
УУУׯСĻһλο˷ܵ˵
һ˵һ߷ɿĴӱóֽͱʣݵǰ
ӹЦ˵ллȻֱֽϿд
ܿ죬ͣ±ʣдʫֽۺá
֮ȽʻλοֽͣۺõֽݸλοͣҶԴ˵ˣʫдˣҿͣأˡ
˵ҪߣοЩźҲֻܷ׷˵ţׯټ
ͷʹҵ֮Զ
ȵ߳һξ֮οǲȲøոλοͣϽֽ򿪣ʫ
ոλο͵ͷֽ򿪣еοǣȫԴȥֻʫǷֱдģ
һףԹ
󺣰ȫˮ
ȣ
ﰡ
˱ӻ졣
ڶף԰Ƶ
ϵİװ
ģܰ׺ܰ׷ǳף
ǳǳʮְף
رذף
ף
ף
ֱˣ




һǧİٰʮ ¼ķ羰
ʥ塣
οǿµʫɵˡ
ʫ𣿡Сʵ
ӦʫɣٴĽṹʫ˴
еοֶһǻΪҪд׾ʫأȴ룬رʫ
ȻɵۺȻе˷ܡ
ⲻ˵ǿˣʫʲô֪дģֻΪ˺ǿЦ
ݻԸַʽǿЦǸеʮֵУҲʮֵļ
֪ݱжʼնʼǸԵׯ
ңοǻͻȻ֣ʫȻرɣȴȻǾ䣬һֱľ䡣
ʫ󺣰ȫˮȣﰡ˱ӻ죬ֱ̫ȷˣ˭˵ʫдòã
һףϵİװȻǸְף껹治һóġ
οʹʫٴ죬ǳķḻ
Աߵο򷢳ЦֳһȷǳĻ𱬡
ʫλο֮󣬻ǳδզզ죬˵ǻ˵ʫŻǳиоһ׺ʫҲһ
Ҳһһλο˵
˵֮һȻ鱥Ĵ󺣰ȫˮ
֮ͬզզ죬˵оǲ
ʱֵĳ棬Ҳ˸ο͵ע⣬οǷ׷Χ˹
˵ɶأôá
Ҹոպʲôȣʲôϵİƺ֮ܰģڸɶأ

Χοʵ
ԭȵοȫһЦ˽͵ģոׯˣʫ
ǰɣʫׯΧο˽֮Щɵʵ
Ȼ֮ǰ˶֤ǱʫЩ治һĳġ֮ǰοͷ׷˵
˵ҲǣȻʫо꾭䡣ܽʫɾģҲׯһ˶ѡΧο˵
˵֮󣬲ЩڣΪʲôûΧ
ΧĻҵĿʫˡ
Ȼֻĵ٩֮οţʫϵ̶ȣδؾͻʫ㡣
ʫĵ̣ҲܹΪѻġ
ڣЩڡ
ʫҲͬڴ￪ʼطοͣ˵ʫ
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⡭Ԫһ㶣Ȼ׹ǻס֪컹棬԰һ֪ɮǰĻס
üͷ΢˵СʦҪס֣𣿡
֪СɮȻԣסʱӭλݹ١ֻǣȻ뼸λҪϷһ¡
ǰѻӻסģҪܾǼˡ
ǬſԪ˵˵㿴ӦǺã
ԪӣüͷҲûʲô취ǵݣóǵϷҪδʵó
̾һԪ˵ͺˣڣκⶨȻܹӭж⡣



һǧİٰʮ һ
Ԫ˵ҲͬС¡㡢Ǭŵ롣
Ȼ̸ϤǶȴһĪΡ
ţֻҪڣһܹǾҲһܹ¼㡣
ֻǿϧңԶʥ壬
ӦǺã
ԪС¡˾磬ΨصΪɣûнǰֵϡ
Ϊ֪ľ
ߵһߣóֻͨĵ绰
֮ǰ˵뾪飬ڿǲòˡ
Ѿͷôˣӵ绰
򣬳һֵ顭ؽ˵һ顣
ֺ֮˵˼仰֮󣬹˵绰ȻһɵߵԪǰ˵˵ˡ
⡭ˣʲô˼Ԫ˾һɻ
Цʵ͵˽ɽֻûоǡҸոѾ˵ˣ˵ȻˣȻͽˡ
˵꣬صֳɫ
ԪС¡㡢Ǭŵľϲ֮ɫ
ԪѾ˽ɽʵ̫ˣڣһӡ
С¡㡢ǬŵҲͬ͡
˵üͷٽüɫȥԵ
ؿż˵ɫ仯Щϲ͵⡣

ɽ¡
Ҷϵ绰ֳһ˿Ц֮ǰԤйȻȷģȻ鷳Ҫ
ǵйȻЩ߲ƣбҲԾǳžġ
ʲôĽʽɽµͶ࣬ʢ
ҪҲǽһʰһʸʲô
ɽʢӰ첻ʸʲô
ЩĪ
Уą̇̄ʱʱڷãʹǳӣǵ
Դ˺Щɡ
һȻǳϤǰ̵׵Ƿ֮һ
Ȼû㣬Ҳһвǡ
ôһʵ˭Ϊεǵе
ҪŪ⣬̫ѣΪӵԵռ䣬ӵпռ̳ǡ
һ֮أľռ֮Уڿռ̳ﹺһҡ
ҵİ£֪һʣȷʵڻǵ
ôΪλɮ˲֪һʣǵȴ֪
ԭġһʣƴһλɮλɮ˻һλθɮһʿĳʯ֮󣬱ȥ
ɮ˲δκ˵һʯϣһʡ
СһʵʯҲΪԭûб˷֡
һʣͬλɮһʷûκεĺۼ
ǵɮ֮Ի֪һЪΪǰĳֻԵɺ֮£Сһʵʯϲ֮£Ϊˡ
ԼжϷǳš
˽Щ֮Եͷ鲢ûôˡ
⣬ǰʦˡһ֮󣬷ܴʦҲһ֮Եӡ
Ҳͬң˻ܴʦӣ粢ûһӡ
ʦ֮ʣȴ޻ܴʦ֮ʣδ̫źˡ
Ȼ磬ôһʵźٴڡ
һж˽֮ŽɽȥȥѾ鷳¸ˡ
ɲϣˮɽ¡˾Ҫڣȥȡ㡣

ʱ˽ɽǰѾοǣİΧˡ
ԭɽ¾ܾӴ桷飬ϢѾο֮䴫ˡ
ܶοͱģ鱻ϢȻ״
֮һ𴫿ģнɽ½ͻȻܾԭ
ԶԶľܹοǸ۵
˵ǵģкܶ˶ˡǴʱͲ̫Ѻã˵ʲôɽѷǷ徻֮ˡ
ʲôѷǷ徻֮أҿǴмʽɽµʢǳûҲ硣
òϣǴеһãҶ÷ǳ⣬ƸǳߣҲѹֻסֻЭˡ
˵µҲֻܹסֻ֣ܹǴеһʣȷʵ̫ˡ
ԲԣӦǹǴխ˼ҵʢ
һխĺУȴһʣδЩ̫˰ɡ
ֲֲҪҪǣ鲻ܾʹĲ˰ɣ




һǧİپʮ ͵֮
ɽǰο۷׷ס
˽˾֮ͻȻܵԭ֮οǶڽɽµҲܹ⡣
Ҽֻסֳֵֻĳɼж¡
֪һĴУúõڵܵʲô֣
ڣοĵģǾ鵽׻ܹܲ㣿
ǽֳ㵹ҲûʲôӾ硶Ӵ桷Ϊ޷ڽɽȡ覴ãǾͷǳźˡ
еοǣȫϣ鷢
ôͱҪ취˵ס֣ýɽ¼㡣
а취һοǿչľϵӣо൱ļ֡
ڵ֪СɮΧ۵οԽԽ࣬ҲѾ˻ס֡
οô࣬漰ˣӵĶĳɼУοΪֳʲôͲһСС֪ɮܹˡ
ԣϽ˻ס֡
ǰԪءС¡ȾҪԱʱȻһɡ
ڵȴĵʵѾˣʱȺС
СѾԺ˵סֺǵɼУŶ
ˣ˵֮ٳ档

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ͻȻܾ㣬סҲЩΡ
Ͼ֮ǰȷǴӦˣ㣬һʾȫϡ
գɼͻȻãסԽӴڴ۵˺ܳһʱ䡣
ɼڲἰס׼㣬Ⱦ徻֮ء
סһֱΪֱɼóһʣסֿ֮󣬳Ĭ˺ܳһʱ䡣
󣬻һ̾ϢЩ
Ĳ׼һ£ô󻪹¸ɮӵĴϣȴȲһССĵ
ɼóӣڻסֵĳǳһӵݱǳԵɮ֮֡
ҵɮ˱ԴӣɮóһʵĻǻɮ˽ܡ
ҲΪһʣûסֶԳɼеĵзǳټסھӽտʼܾ㡣
ֻǡӴ桷飬Ժľ飬Ҳһɲ㡣
Ȼľڻסֵھ黹Щεġ
ڻסԣһŵĳɼУסֽȻͬ
ջסֿһʺ飬Ѿľɼеͷǳĵˬ
һɽµĿģҲͲˡ
һ֮ɽ£Ҳȷб
֮ǰɼдżԭĿ׼ŵǣڻһ
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ʯϿ֣ϸϺ󣬳ɼϳ֣ǡһʡ
ɼļ𶯣һʸģȥ˼ĳþòƽ룺Ǵ󻪹Ȼɮܹӡ
󣬳ɼкЩɻǰʯȥѾЩˣ˵һѾ˲̵ʱ䡣
Ϊλȴ޴һأ
ɼܹԵĿ϶粢ûһʡ
ΪһʵĻ֪ܲ
Ȼǻе֪һʵĻȶȻἫ㣬֪ܲ
ɼƲ⣬һӦԭ򣬲ûڻõУΨһһʵ壬Ӧþֻһʯ
Ҳ˵ϣֻļ֪һʡ
һ뵽˴ɼеľͿֹһʮִ󵨵뷨Ҫ͵һʡ
԰ٷ֮ٵĿ϶ܹΪһʵߣֽǧš
һջʵ̫̫ҲһλõɮĳɼҲЩֵסˡ
⣬˴̫Զģ򽭽ɽµ죬ΪʢҲóɼзǳĽЩʡ
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ȻƾʣܹѹɽһΣܹɽ֮ɾԼ֮
ɼԽԽĶڵֵջ󣬾͵Դʡ
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ɼ׼ʯٵģվǷˣľʹ˽ٵŲɽӦҲܱ˷֡
ɼк͵ǣϵ򽭽ɽµʱ򣬵֪һӾ飬Ӿ硣
óɼϲѣⷢµɣЧпܱ֮ǰԤĸá
ɼдŵǣΧ۾οȺУһ䡰ӷ𡱡
Ȼ󣬱磬ɼгʱһĻ



һǧİپʮһ ʣ
֪ɮǰȥͷϢסԽӴһֱ𺳻סֵȳɼĲ಻
ڣɼиŻסȥʮֵĵ˷ܡ
ӽ쿪ʼɼ־Ҫˡ
һµģСһʣԼ˴εĽɽ¼
ɼʦԡһʣͷȽɽסֻʦʹûʦȻȻܾӾ飬Ⱦ徻֮ء
¼һΪһμѻǳΪһηѧʣɼʦΰһᱻˣԼŷ֮˶Ĥݡ
ɼԽԽ˷ܣѾһЩʧң·һһ㡣

ʱסֺͳɼеŴ
֪Сɮˣɫһɣæסֺͳɼиһ񣬽㱨һ
סֵͷ֪Сɮ˵һߣʾ
οǼסֺͳɼг˲׷С۳
סֳˣǾǻס֣ѵתˣ
ҲǵҲˣԭûߣסԱߵģǵУʱҾͿˡ
ǵлҳͲ²˽ɽ𣿡
סֺ͵һʲôǲתˣ

Χ۵οһַ֮׷Żס
ʦɽ򡶰Ӵ桷ⲿƷø֪ҪĵӾˣɽӦôֲ֧Ŷ԰
ǰʦԺ󡶰Ӵ桷ӾĲɽ»øӵĳþ㣬ýɽ¸ӳĻᣬɾû˰
ʦþɡ

οǵ˵ʣνǶ֮飬֮ȷЩ
ϧסǲܾ˵ġ
סһţȻָչľϵġһ˵λʵǷǳıǸˣʱʱڷãʹǳɼʦһ֮ɮŷȻǰɮиˡλҪΧſڣɢ˰ɣ·ǳӭλ²ιۻ߾㡣
󣬻סֿŹԪءС¡ȾԱ˵˵ʵǷǳıǸˡ
֮ǰסֳԪص˶ȻἫ佻档
ڣԪֻǵһЦ˵סֵľʵܹġ
Ԫֻ˵ôһƮƮĻûסֺЩɻԭΪԷҪ߾ȫнġ
ȻãԷǿҪҪ㣬֮УҲͬûôǿˡ
ͷ˵л˵⣬Ȼˣ˵λϢ
סףԪصȾԱ뿪Χ۵οǣҲͬǲ뿪ġ
뼸ȥϢʵü˲ҪٶſˣҲã뿪Ҳգԡ
ԪȻҲ׻סϢ⣬ֻڵ뿪
˵лסֵĺˣЪ֮Ȼ뿪
סּԷ뿪Ҳûʲô취ֻõͷ
ɼɮ붨һ㣬һֱû˵ֻ˰Լĸɮ
ʱһͻȻֳ𣬡̨ʱʱڷãĪʹгʣʣǺʣֱ֮ඥһ㣬˻ȻʣǾʡ
ɻ󣬶ԪءС¡ȴƲסľϲ
Ϊ
һ˵һߴȺ߳дСչľǰϸ˿Ȼֲסĵͷﲻͣĳƺţʣʣ
ԪءСµˣкװδһ㣬֪Ըй¶ݣҲסûдк
οɻģŴȺ߳ˣ֪һпʲô
ȻҲһʵȷǳãǱϾǸһĸп̫ðɡ
ס΢Цһ䡰ӷ𡱣Ǹоǰ˺л۸
ɼбȴǷǳ˷ܣվĳ֮ա
չľǰпһ֮˵һʣһλдǻ۵ĵõɮ
һ˵Χ۵οﲻһӣҲСӸòǵеƨɣСһеƨʲôѵȥҵУⲻܰɡ
ԪءСµˣҲͬһЩɻҲ̫ΪʲôҪ˵
֪Ȼ˵ˣǾһĳ⣬ǵԴˣǳڴ



һǧİپʮ 
˵һߣһλŴǻ۵ĵõɮ
ӦǸͬΧ۵οбӣȴɻ󣬲Сһģǵеƨʲô
ԪءСµȾԱɻڴڴ˵ʲô⣿
ס΢Цһӷ𡱣ȴǰ̾ϢͲһǷ˵ˣ۴ʣɼպӰȻἫ㣬ֻڷ硣
ȻϧǣȴǳԻɮ֮֡
סָеʮֵźͲ
ɼбȻȴǼΪ⣬˵дǻ۵ĵõɮһɮ˵Ȼõۡ
ȻڵͬʱҲ΢һ˿Ͼʲ
뵽ʯܻᱻ֣ɼһ˿Ҳʧˡ
˵ֻǿϧдǻ۵ĸɮȴԵüźź
һ˵Χοǵıȥ룬ԭ֪һǵ˵ǵеƨ֮ǰǴˡ
סЦ˵λʩһʵ߾ڴ˼䣬ʩȻҼˡ
ɼҲͬЦʩˣɮ򵱲áɮ֡
ųɼЦеȷáɮԭ򣬴Լ
һ˵ɼ͵һһ˿ңѵ֪һʣ޿ܰ
ֻתŻס֣˵ʦʲôʵѾǧ꣬ڴ˼䣿ôҵü
⻰νһʯǧˣֳʱһƬ
С⻰ʲô˼Ѿǧꣿⲻܰɣ˵Ļסֲ֪ܲ
˼˵ʵ߲ǵУ
˵ʵѾǧ꣬ȻͲǵˣѵģ
٣ҿпܣҸով˵ˣƾǵխأôһʣͲѧ
С˭ѵǰһʣ

ο۷׷ףԪءСµȾԱǾϲѣȻ˵ʲǵǾһǵ
ԭʻǵ͵Զһܹˡ
һ±Ҵ֮󣬿ǵлк棬ﵷң
ϲҾ˵Ǻôһʣԭ͵ġ
οۣԱϲɼվŲ͵ĵУ滹򶨣ֻ룬ѵһʯ֮⣬һʣһʯȥȷЩˣѵǧˣ
סȴҪ࣬Ѿǧꣿ
ڻסֿӦǲܵġ
ȻΪιзѧصĵ伮Уأ
һ䡰ӷ𡱣Ȼ˵ʩ⻰Ǻ⣿ʾ
һЦ˵֮ǰһʯϼһʣҵĹ۲죬һʯѾǧʱ䣬Ҳ˵һʵߣѾǧꡣ
⻰һȫһƬȻ
һʯϼ˵ԽԽģˣѵģ
ҿпģʼǲ̫ţǵܹһʡ

ȻοȫʮԸ˵Ͼǿ˵ƾο޷ٷ֮ٵš
Ҳ˵ֻΪþл㡣
Ȼǹ˵ģοȫϣһ˵סܹȡ
ɼаһáȻܹ˵ʯϼʣǾ˵пҲʯ
뵽ɼбúǲǧŵҲͻȻ࣬ҲһЩڣԼûеֵסǧŵջ
ڵֻһţˣֻһҧʾԼˡ
˵סҲȻһ󼤶Ȼܿѹļ˵ʩ˻棿ʩʯģ
ʯȻа취֪ոսռ̳һֽȡֶΣѾӳɼеļУ֪ʯڵľλá
ɼвûѡʯݻ٣Ҳ˵ͷ
ȻǳɼнʯݻˣҲͬа취临ԭ
סһЦ˵ʯھģǿһʳɼʦ
ɼУɼʦʯģ
ɼңȴǹ򶨵ЦЦ˵λʩ˵ЦˣΪλɮ⣿
Ϊʦڼ֮ǰʯ
ɼǻң벻Ϊλ֪ǰʯ
뵽ֻҪԼҧˣûмʯԷҲް취
˵ֻʩһ֮ʶѣʩôܻ֪ɮǰʲôʯɮʩ˵⣬޷ǾþѡɮȰʩĪҪٰ׷˼ˣ徻֮ϳ



һǧİپʮ һ
ɼ˵ЦЦ˵ʯˣʵֻʦһʦλҲͬˡһɽ֮У˵ش300ľ룬ʯϷһ֮ԭ㽫ʯٵʦվҲ֮ˣĽȥǽʯ͵͵ʯ϶Ȼǵָƣҵʯ
ÿ˵һ䣬ɼжϵĺˮͶһЩͻһ֣ȵ˵ʯϵָƵʱ򣬳ɼѾ죬쳣Ļҡ
ʵ벻ףΪλ֪Щ
֪ʯλãҪλãֻҪһλãһܹҵʯ
ʯϣ϶մǵָƣʱ֤ɽ
Ȼ˵ЩܶʵҲпֻƲ⡣
Ҳʯɽ֮ЩصȷǿƲġ
300ľ룬ɼΪϹ˵ģԼ֪ﵽжԶôܻ֪
ȷ̫Զˡ
ȻϣԷҲͬް취
ǣԷ֪ʯĴλģ
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ܳɼлȻѡ񣬲ϼʯϣȴҲ޷֮ǰ򶨣Ѿ졣
״ֳ̬˿˸һ˶óɼˡ
һǷǳ顣
ѵһǸ˵ɼеһʣһʯ
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Ƕôֵ⣬һ棬һжӭж⡣
Χ۵οҲͬԽԽ˷ܣ֮ǰΪǸСӣǹ˵֮ǰһʵġ
ĿľΪûסȡ
ȻڵĿҲһģɼдʱͷ󺹵״̬οףС˵ʮа˾ˡ
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ģģȻģһʾȻĲǵ
ȻһǴڣһǧʯϵģͱһһģһλŴɮȻǵˡ
ʣҲֻһĸɮó
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ӦõȷҲʯɣҿֳȻǵеóˣͽڤڤ֮⣬ҲһĻҪɲ֣ߡ

οԽԽ˷ܣסҲͬԽԽ
뵽һǳԻŴɮ֣֮סֵĵҲ̲ס˷ܣ˵һּľϲ
뵽ɼоȻͼ͵һʣס̲סŭ
סѾ겻ŭһΣķŭˡ
ȻһеǰǣһǳɼУʯ͵Զ
ڵĳɼУȻһǳ״̬Ͼû׿ڳϣ˵ģҲȱ֤ݡ
ܹҵһʯֻ߳ɼ׿ڳϡ
סֿųɼУһһ˵ɼʦλʩ˵ʵ
ɼеԴһֱ亹ֹһֱ룬Ʋģ֪ʯĴλã
Ȼֵף̹Ȼϣ
̹ȻϵĻһ
ȵʯ汻ҵ֤֮֮£׵׹Ԩûκε
ԻסֵѯʣɼȻûѡ֧һû˵һ
£ɼȻĴңȻֵףһ̾
ɼԽϣһԽСֱ׵׹Ԩ
ɼвûΪӣһ䣬ֻһ֮ʡ󣬴Ҵ룬ʹһȻڱԽԽСȴɴڡ
ְ˵ͷ֪ɼУȻĴҵԭ˵ɼʦҼȻ֪ǵط300ΪһҲʯ𣿡
һ˵ɼĴĽڳױһ̾Ϣ˵ʩ˵ҵȷһʯΪһʱ֮޷ֵջ󣬾Ȼ֮
ɼ׿ڳϣΧ۵οǣʱ󻶺Եñ֮ǰӵ˷ܡ
ʱĻס֣οǻҪ˷ܡ



һǧİپʮ ɽرͼ
ɼ׿ڳϣ֮ǰȷһʯֳе˱˷ܣҲΪԼӮһ
׿ڳ֮󣬳ɼĻҵģҲƽϵ亹Ҳࡣ
Ȼʱ˿һɮ󾡻٣ȴǴδйɣҲûΪȥȻҪܻסֺοʹڶۣԼ
Գɼвָ߿һۡ
⵹Ҳ̫⣬ɼе޵֮ģʵҲΪᶨ
ȻҲŵǣǰңԶĻ
ֻǧŵľ޴ջ֮£ɼг׵ʧҡ
ǧţֻͬ޴ջ֮£ж˻ֱܹģ
һֵ˼⣬һ̾
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˿ɼУԭķŭһȫϲԭɼ˵ĻҲͲ˵ˡ
תסֲ֪˭ʱ˿ȴм
˽챣ˣ籦ĻƸĹǾ޴ġ
ڣܹҵһʯҫһ̣ĹҲ
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סԸһ֪Сɮȥȡֽëʳ
ӹֽֽˢˢˢһͿһɽرͼ
ɽΡ룬ֵ֣ΩΩФʦֱʡ
סּˣȻ𾴣˵ԭʩĵ边Ȼ֮Կ黭Ĵңʩ˵ᣬɮʧˡ
Χ۵οǣҲͬġɽرͼ
һ㶼Ȼסֲɽˮϵ裬ȴ֮ǸоǰԽԽˡ
һʯڵľλãֻҪһɽɽرͼܹ׵ҵʯ
õġɽرͼݸס֣ЦסˣѾʯľλãһϡסֿǰ300ĻɽȻٸһҵʯˡסֿɽʯؽɽ£ڽɽڣǲιۡ
סϲ˵лʩָҽԴǰɽһŴɮµʯҲҪлʩԸ⽫ڽɽڣʩĹ
һʯ֮Ȼ֮ȻӵСӵȨ
ڣ˵סֿɽʯڽɽУ൱ڽʯ˽ɽ£סȻϲָм
֮ǰɼҲʯǵУʯȴǻ֮ȻûСӵȨ
ڰ֣˵סֿˣʯӦڷ֮ɽõĹޡ
ס־ϲ˷ܣԪءСµȾԱҲͬϲ˷ܡ
ֻǵľϲ˷ܣס΢һЩͬ
һ֮⣬ΪһֿԼˡ
ԪһЦŻס˵ϲϲϲס֣ϲɽ²õһʧǧĹűѾõһֵעἫߵġɽرͼϲϲ
Ԫ˵סҲϲԽֻ΢һЩɻ󣬹ԪΪʲô˵ɽرͼļֵעἫߣ
Ȼⲻص㣬סֲûж룬ֵӦҲͲˣ˵л˵ͬϲͬϲ
ԪЦȻͬϲסֳ˽Ǽ㡣
ڹԪƺѾȻˣ˵ԷҲӦ˽¼㡣
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ס֮½ȫΪɼжڳɼе͵ΪѾɨأҲû˴ڵıҪ
Ȼ˸еǣסһԥ֮˵˵ǳǸǲȡȻ㡣
ȫ⣬дϣΨЦЦڻסֵĻش𣬲е⡣
ԪϵЦһϣ˵סǺ⣿
סֵȻɼˣɮλʩҲмԸΪʩһʵ⣬ɮɲңһʼȻҹǧ֮ǰһλɮ̵ɮǲΥ˵¡
⻰һ䣬ֱɵˣݻסֻе˼ԽԽˡ
֮ǰһǵסֻһ˿Ŀԡ
ڣһʵɮˣΪ˻ǧ֮ǰһλдǻ۵ĸɮһ˿ԣûˡ
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һǧİپʮ ᱾
ֻһۣΪѾˣȴ룬鷴ӵ鷳ˡ
ԪءСµȾԱû뵽
ѵһԳҲˣ
ǲţ㲻顣
صҲҪżŽһа취
ԪҲҲΪһܹƽ顣
С¡㡢ǬŵҲͷȻҲİ취
ֻǣǻ൱ļ֡
еοǣҲû뵽ӣЩᡣ
֪Ǹصˣ֮ԻվĿľΪˣûסܹ
ֻ鷴ЩŪɳ׾ˣסȡĿԣԽԽСˣѾûˣǹݵġ
ӦǺãǸصǾʹȥǻ취ûסֳ
еοǣȫ⡣
֪Ǹص˾ʹȥҲѾ൱ķˡ
ƾһ֮һֶּΣҴǵ͵ıһ׮̱ĻУչʾˮ׼ĵʣһɽرͼ
Щ鶼ԴΪѻΪһ˿ڵĵʣ£кܴĿ
صѾ޷⡣
ֻĿûдɣɽΪ飬һ˿ź
Ǹص˻ѡеοǶںĵȴŴ𰸡
ԽԽ֣ֳΨһһеˡ
Żס֣ЦЦ˵ס֮ԲԸǲΪ㣬÷徻֮Ⱦ
סһ䡰ӷ𡱣˵ǰɮĽ̻壬ɮΥ
ͷֵһʵˣȷһλŴǻ۵ĸɮų羴֮ģǱϾѾǧ֮ǰǻˡ
⻰һֳ˶һ㶣ȫ˵Ǻ⣿
οȺ𣬺ܶ˶ڵۡ
ԪءСµˣҲͬһͷˮ
סüͷ΢΢һ壬˵ʩ⻰Ǻ⣿ʾ
һЦ˵̨֮˵飬һ̨ȷҪϵؽԣŲϳ֮˵һûν̨ҪԣϳĪʳǻڶ򡣡
˻һոջЩֳ֮𽥱ð˶Ժ˼һ
̨ҪϵĵԣһﻹҪã
ο˼ԪءСµ˼סԼһֱ뿪ĳɼУ˼
һ˸ࡣ
ס˼һ֮󣬹˵ʩһƺδ˵ַ֣꣬ɮ޶ۣʩһʾ
û˵ʿʼֽд֡
һζʣֻһβǻǸΪд֡
ôһλдЩʲô֣˶ǳĺ棬һЩɻȫ쳤Ųֽơ
ֻǿϧΪǶȵĹϵòУдʲô
סֱŲŲվȥУһŲŲͣ
ʱֹͣд±ʣŻסһ롱ƣ˵ס룡
סһţ˵һ䡰лʩȻƲǰոдֽϿȥһ߿һг
᱾̨
һδǳ
һ꣬סͻȻסֳ֮Ҳͬסˡ
˶óͬһʣһڡһʶд
̺⣬οǿ޷ȫ򣬵ȴܹ
֮һʣһʵľҪӸࡣ
˵ȴΪǸûͱִš
˵̨ȴΪûи̨
ȻѾûˡ̨ôϾͻһѾһˣﻹϳ
еοǸһУ̺⣬ܵ
Ƿ˵ǣﶼܵ˳ôס֡ɼλоǲǳ޵֮ˣܵĳ֮󣬾Ϳ֪ˡ
ǸһʣͻȻඥȻʡ
ס֮˽ΪԸ÷徻֮ϳ֮Ի֡Ը⡱ΪΪ徻ܹ֮ϳġ
ڣһʣȻףһûз徻֮ػϳĸﻹҪģ᲻ϳ⡣
벻㣬ʲô



һǧİپʮ 
һδǳ
޷徻֮ػᱻȾĸҪȥǷ㣿
סļȻʣһ̶еһµ̨ס
ϲ֮£סʾмֻǵȵתȴָոջվλʩʱѾӰ
ס΢΢һȻˬһЦովλðһݣһ䡰ӷ𡱣Ȼ˵лʩ򡣡
סſݣſ˵ƺһЩ죬ֳȴû˾ù죬ֻȻġ
Ǹոȫ˼᱾һʣûע⵽ǸصˣǺʱʧģ
⣬ҪǿոǸصˣС˵У䣬Թ㻯˵һ㡣
ڴ飬һʵ㻯˵֮ȻҲ뿪ˡ
Ȼ֪صˣһԿ϶Ǹ˵ݾԲ򵥡
ȺУٵο۳
ֶΣĵֱʣ޵һʣ˵ᣬ·ϡ봫˵еƣҲ֪˭ˡ
Ҳ֪ˣʵӦ뵽ˡϾľ飬ǵӾ硶Ӵ桷顣
Ӵ桷飿Ҳ֪ˡ

ܶ½³ˣ˵ݣǱǡӴ桷ԭС˵ߣ
ԽԽ϶ΪոˣǸֶΣµķ񣬶봫˵ơ
һ뵽ǸصҲȻˣ̶ֳȵ飬˵ʵ㲻ʲô
ȻƲס˷ˡ
飬Ǹص˲ûһʣԴΪѻγɵʺʹ˵
ڣǸصټûסֶ֮£ǻᴫΪѻγɲʺʹ˵
ǣȫһβʴ˵ļ֤ߣһȸеǳ˷ܡ
ǰ˵𣬹ִ˵
ڣۼ֤ˣ´˵ĵǽ´˵˵ˣܹǳװƵ˵﷢һϵ顣
Ӵ桷ͻȻܽɽ⡣
ɼ͵ǧ֮ǰĹʡ
ͻȻ֣Ҵ˳ɼеıҵһɽرͼýɽȥѰأûǧĹű
ȻԹűϡһʣߣġ᱾һʣһýɽ»סֶȵȡ
һϵе飬ͬ˽ոշģ´˵
ֳÿһλοͣԽԽ˷ܡ
ֳ飬ûн
סߵԪءСµȾԱǰʩһһţȻ˵֮ǰɮ޶ˣɮȻףҪ޵ͱҪſ飬пһȻˣù˵㣬벻ù˵ʲôɮѾ˽ɽ»ӭ˵Լλ㡣
ǾԱֳеοͣס⻰⣬᱾һ֮󣬾֪סһȡˡ
ԪһЦ˵ϲסֵиһҲǳлסֶԡӴ桷֧֡
Ԫ˷ܣԱҲͬ˷ܣȻû㲻顣
㶨ˣȥƺǳд⣬һ֮󣬱ƮȻȥʵ̫˧̫ˡ
ش۾һգһգ۶Ц⣬ϻе֮ɫϾûн㲻顣
С¡ŮУҲȫСǣȻĽĿԱߵء
ԶǬŵһˣĳݣνˮ
סˬһЦֵɮûв´Ļոλʩ
סȻ޵֮ˣҲ˵һЩĴ˵֮ǰַѾ³ݡ
סܲ³ݣԪֳ֣֪οͣǶѾ³ݡ
Ѿ뿪ҲûıҪˣ˵ס²
ֳοȺУɧ
ȻѾ³ݣԪ׿ȷϣǼѡ
ס˫ֺʮ˵ʩ֮һʩǷˣǻ۾Զʤңɮҵü򣬵һĪĻԵɮڽɽ˵ŷͬѰ塣
еο˵λʩɮ̾ͽԴǰȥɽѰûǧʯСȻ󣬽ʩġɽرͼװѣչС⣬»ڴ˵½һͤ᱾һٿͤСʱӭιۡ



һǧİپʮ һ͵ľ
ס˵꣬һ䡰ӷ𡱣ȻתţҴҶȥ
ĳɼ̾Ϣһ֮ǰվλðһݣԼĵɽȥ
ɽһУ澡ʧɮ󾡻٣ȴץסһ
ҲΪһûǰȥӶҼġ᱾һʣ
⣿⣿ҪɼнԼ컯ˡ
ܳպҲδûУΪһɮĻᡣ
ֳοǼɼȥҲûټ䣬ΪѾû塣
ԪžԱҲѾȥѾƻУֽʼæµ
Χ۵οҲɢȥһɢȥһ˷ܵţո顣
ɽǰָƽ״̬֮ǰ飬ȴעԼٶȣϣʵ
ϡ
ذذɽ£дһµĴ˵
һзĹűûǧ꣬һԵĺУűϵΪУҴı
ɽǰչ棬¶ıɽرͼдǧһʣ
ɽ»סǧһʶ򣬽дﴦ޽ͤʾм
Ӵ桷鱻ܽɽ⣬ʮּ֣ɽ

ģʮı⣬ͻȻϡ
Ѽ֮󣬵ʱͰ۾ɵùԲǿҵĺ֮޷ƣ˲߳
ԲݣԲݣʲôʲôǧűʲôеı
Բݣʲôʱ򵽽ɽȥˣﵽ׷ʲôҸоһ͵ľʣ
Ӵ桷鱻⣬ǧʯеıɽرͼǧһʣסֵĶÿһƺһηǳʵĹ£ھȻһˡҵ״ʲô
ɽµ׷ʲô֪ѸϽ˵Ҫ̫θˡ
ǰ֪ҺĻ涼Ѿյɽȥˡ

ѷ׷̣Щ֪ɽ·ʲôˣϽ˵ѾǳȲҪ֪ˡ
ЩֳοǼˣʱһּкԽУʮֵˬ
ϲЩͣǸϽ˵ǷǳԽС
Ǽ͵ġһ֮󣬲ֳοͣƵ˵ҲҪżҵʱֳھʹ˵һ˵ֳǽһ¶ô˵𣬻˵졶Ӵ桷ڽɽϷһӵɼĴУͻȻ˽ɽ¡
οʹɼ֮ʱ˵𣬽¼ȥ˵˸
ѿ˵ڿһʵС˵еڴ񫣬˷ܺͼ
ȵλο˵꣬ҲоһʵС˵ϵոӵĸ߳
ղݣʣʵǾˣȻɧ
ɽرͼױټϴ˴¼ǰ漰ǧһͼļֵע޷ɽһʵ׬ˡ
ֹ׬ˣǧʯɽرͼʡֱ׬˷ָ
ӴˣĴ˵ֶһΡ


˶ţµδ˵ʱȴڽɽ£һЩɫĽֵϣƵš
֮ǰдˡ᱾һ֮뿪ֳ֪Ѿ㶨ˡ
סֿһ֮󣬲ܲȡ
һǰ
ǰһջˣƾԼıģһʣ֮ø˵⣬·Ϊ档
һʣǣ̨ʱʱڷãʹǳ
񾴣дʡ׿ڸ˵ʣδԣֻ⣬δڡ˼⣬ᣬ˲ɵá
ܲʶ֣˶֮ʺҲдһʣǣ᱾̨һδǳ
ڻܿˡ롰ˡˡ롰ˡǺ֮͡䣬ûвԽĺ蹵ӡԡ򡱣һ֮䡣
֡˵й̵ݱ䣬˾޴ãںйѧۣҲشӰ졣
֮ʣʹûеõ̵ĴУӶȥ˱˱ڡ
ܵõ̵ĴУϷڡ
֮ıڽ˥䣬ܵڣȡڵͳλΪй̵
Ҳ˼֮󣬳Ϊ档
Ϊʲôǡ桱ΪӴĦܣܹĦΪ桱Ȼǡ桱ˡ
仹жۿɡɮ財š̡
ഫԲ֮һֱ浽˽죬Ϊϻµ֮
ֻܵǴ˵רҵĿ֤о֤ʵϻµ֮񣬵ȷܵΪͨҹеļɡ
ΪȤѿ˽⡣



һǧİپʮ 
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һΪɫĽֵһɽһˮֵ¥󣬴۷
ڽֵϣ濴ˮ濴ɽˮӳɽԣ羵浴˿˿ʮֵĿ
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ţע⵽ǰԶΧһȺˣȺӦˣڽĳձݣȺʱʱȲ
£ҲһЩȤ߽Ⱥԭһˣˣڱˣ
ֱһ֮ΪϷһֹϵıԴҲ׷ݵƳ
ˣ˴ʮ꣬ĲߣΪݣһֻĴĺˣ˵ָ£ΩΩФĶΧ۵Ȳʡ
һʱ֮󣬴һС裬Χ˵ĸǰСٹͷ
˼ÿһΧ۵Ȼתȥ˻Ƿ׷׽ңٵЩƱ
СǰʱЦЦҲһųƱ
Χ۵ȺһȦ֮󣬴صˣ˵ߣ´衣
ˣ˼ݡ
һ֮뿪ڽй䣬ɽµˣϣѰԱ飬ܹ˳һЩ
ֻǣӦõȥѰңҲûȷеĵطԾĿĵйš
ʱɽͷ׼˴뿪ǰ򽭡
ͷͣһҶɴ׼̤϶ɴȴͻȻһʮּٵŶɿڵķ
֣˼ٵ
Ž֪֮ǰҲˣǸ˹۹ֻ˵ǣ£Ƶߣ˼ٵ
֣תķȥ
תʱִ󾪺֮
죡ÿˣ
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ÿÿǰ˿ÿ

ѰȥֻһƥɫĸͷŽֵ񱼣ǰȺ;󣬷׷ױá
ʱѾͷѾ󣬲ȻֻѾ˱ˡ
ѾҲʮգ˻ܹʱӿ˻С롣
ƥ˾ŵĸͷһ·Ⱥûгشʵ֮
ƥȥɾûԤˡ
Ҫƥ˾ŵͣǴʱ˿̣⸽˶֪顣
ǣ֪֪Ҫβͣһʱ֮ȴ˭Ҳû⡣
ֱȥסһ취˭ȥ
һƥͷ񱼶˭ȥ˭ˣһˡ
ΧȺ˴ѣǰ˸Ͻÿ֮⣬û˸ȥסܾ
뾪1000׵ľ룬֣Ȼܹڼ̵ʱڿס
ֻûг֣Ը֣ΪһӰԶ˵ٶȿǴǰȥס
һӰʶǸˣˡ
΢΢Щȣû뵽λˣˣŲ֡
Ȼλˣ˳ˣҲͲٳֻ֣ǽˣ˺;
һ㿴ˣ˵־ôֽڵһʱ־ס
ˣ˵ٶȷǳ죬ʱΧҲͬʱҲͼ뾪
û뵽˸ȥƷʵ̫Σˣֱײɶã±ײɺþǰֱ̤ĻҲȥ
ֻǣҵǵûзֻԷǳٶȿץסžȻ߸Ծ𣬾ȻֱΪ
˵ɴ۾⣬ȻкȲ˭û뵽˾Ȼ˵֡
ˣϣ˫ȵ~~
˿ƣҪȶһЩǰʮ֮ͣ
ȶˣˣȻĲһλָѱ
ʱΧȺͺȲ׷׳ˣ˺ñ¡
ˣ֣ǫ鲻ѡ
Ҳͬ˵ͷˣ˺ӣֲֻͣҲͨˡ
һĸϵˣˣ˵֣סĵлǳĸм
ȷӦøмˣסָʲôĺ
ʱѲ˸ϵ
ˣ˽ˣ´ҪСģĪܾˡ
Ӧǣٴαʾм
ˣ˰ڰֽ֣Լĺкȥ



һǧİپʮ һֲʵʵĻ
ˣ˴Լĺ뿪ٴαʾ˸л֮Ҳǣ뿪ˡ
һ粨оյĽΧ˳һ֮Ҳͬɢȥ
ˣͷƺҲҪ˴뿪ɽվԭص˵ȡ
Ƭ̣ˣ˹ȻͷȻ߽ɴҲ˶ɴ
ʱϵĳ˿ɴʻͷ
ϣߵˣԣкֲոն֣Ȼ²롣
ˣ֮󣬿˵ˣҲýһЩѣҳʲô֡
֮ͬ˼ȫ˸ոյ飬ʱҲ׷˵
ĪҪǫˣոյȫˣǾܹͨõģ֣Բ򵥡
ոҪ֣Ի˱ˣһ¡
ǰոĶ֡

֮˷׷׸̾ޣˣֱʾǫ顣
һ֮󣬴໥֮ҲϤ࣬
ΪˣߴһԲű˵ˣ˴ŵĺϡ
Ӳ֮ǰʼνԭȻΪĿǰصġμǡУߵĽɫգһֻ
ھԵ졣
г˿ʵں֮ˣյʱ򣬻᲻֮ǰܻӭ
ˣ˹һЦ˵ȷҪܻӭ࣬һЩ10İӣЩʱ򻹻Ŵͷ硯ˣֽͷ
ˣһ˵һָָԹˣĺ
Χ˿ͷ֮˵ȻˣҾ֪һܵμǡӰ졣
ˣ˵ͷȷμǡдã֮ǰôС˵ÿ10㣬׼ʱ׷ġμǡ10Ϊ£޷ڵһʱ俴Ļͻ÷ǳܡ
ˣ˵⻰ͬٵĳ˿ͣ׷׳ʾͬ
ӣ⴬μǡĶ߲١
ЩǡμǡߣҲΪǸϲС˵
ȻμǡС˵ȴ֪μǡ֮
ʱҵĶμǡ֣ˣҲŵһЩڡʵ˵ʵǷǳľʣϧҸȥС˵һͷ
μǡЩС˵˵Īʧ
ȻҲ֪ǸС˵Ҳֻ޿κΡֻšμǡճӫĻϣǸʱǾܹ˵еġμǡˡ
ʱڹǲܳӫĻϵġǰ첻ǰѡμǡ˵ȨȨȫص˵ڣȫص˵˶˵μǡǳ棬һұһһ𱬣ЩϲС˵ģȥ˵˵
ȷһ취˵Ҫϰ࣬˼˵ҲϢˣûжʱȥң˵ĵطȻ٣Ҳ࣬Ǿסĸδؾ˵ĵط˵˵ֻżʶѡ
˵ҲǣֻܵȵμǡӫĻǲܹĿμǡ
μǡҪӫĻףЩԱݳġμǡȫ·װ̣ˡμǡⲿ˾Ʒ
ǰ˵ĵĵطɮ˽䡢ɳɮʵãҪǺɫʵǲ֪ĸԱݵó
ǡμǡ䡢ҪݵĽɫĽɫݵòɹƷͺ˵ɹˡ

ͬ˿ǵۣοֿɬ
οǡμǡӰѾ֮󣬳˿ǶڡμǡӫĻ˵ڴ
ɬǣ˿Ƕ֪ڵЩԱûܹգҪѰҵյԱǻ൱Ĳס
ȻټѣҲŬѰңԲڴĺ󣬳κε覴á
ˣ˿˵յԱң˶촽ƺҪ˵ʲôû˵ڣֻ̾һ
ˣһϸ΢沿飬û˿͵ע⣬ȴǷǳע⵽ˡ
һˣˣЦոǷҪ˵ʲô
ˣҡͷҲûʲôǸǲܵģǸСһֲʵʵĻ룬˵Ҳա
Ŷ˼һ˵еġСӡ˭ǲʵʵĻʲô˵˵Ҳ
ˣ룬ͷҾ˵˵ˣļǴϴġ
ҵĸסүүүүĸףˣΪ
иСӣʮ꣬СѧգΪ顣
С˺ܴҲϲݼգѾҵ洫Ѿܹһģձˡ
ֻСԴӿˡμǡ֮󣬾ͱЩˣԼݳգߺ߹
˵ʲôհݵĺˣͲˣˣֱӱգ˵϶ˣգҪܻӭöࡣ
˵һ죬ձݵóˣ˵ᱻĸݿϣȥݵء
˵ⲻСһֲʵʵĻ𣿡



һǧ 
ɴϡ
ˣ˵Ļ˵꣬ͬĳ˿Ǿǰ˵ͷˣ˿ССӡ뷨ȷЩʵʡ
ҪݿȥϷôܣȦƶأǹʵͿԵġ
СӴձݵ뷨ƺ
յߣհݣ㹻ʵĻȷˣҪܻӭöࡣ
ֻǣҪճʣǻ൱ѡ
ϾֻһƷĽɫҪΰָࣿαݣùΪݵľա
һжûвοֻܿԼϵȥԣȥ̿ϰ
עᾭʧܣȥгɹһ졣
СӱϾ18꣬㹻ʱ
г˿˵ձյ뷨ʵǲģֻҪݵܹ˽ܣǵȷҪˣգӵܻӭ
Ҿ֧һĺӣԸΪԼŬΪѵõġ

ˣ˵ͷҪգҵȻֵ֧ġϾҲǳϲգңҲǼ洫ֻΪ뷨Щʵʰˡ
Χĳ˿ЦΪǲģݺգԸΪ֮ŬΪǺпܻɹġ
ǰģҲΪɹġ

ˣһЦ˵лҵļˡͷллǵļԡ
ͷˣֻ֣˵ķԸͷֹͣԼˣֱӣ˫ǰצȭǳ˻Χĳ˿һһҾ
˿Ǽ޲棬˵洫ļգﶼҪɾˡ
ʱ򣬶ˣ18ĺЩȤЦЦ˵֪ɷѯһںδ
ˣ˵Ȼԣҽף漮ڽˣƽʱһ㶼ڽһִ߽ˣΪûй̶ס
ԭˡͷֵСƽʱҲһִ߽𣿡
ˣ˵֮ǰȷһ𣬵Դӿˡμǡ֮صϼǱоӦΰȥˡ
ͷ˵ԭˣл֪
ûѯˣϼҾĵַԵ÷ǳûò˼Ҳܻ˵˵ʲôᡣ
֪18СˣѾ㹻ˡ
ڲˣ˶˵ʲô׼ȥһ18Сӡ
֮󣬴Ҽ˵ЦɴڽϣԲٶȺС
û̫ʱ䣬ɴͷͣȵ֮󣬳˿´
໥šټ뿪ˡ
ˣҲͬһ뿪ˡ
һˣȥķЦЦһȥ
סˣҲĿĵأˡ

һҹ޻ڶһ磬˷̤ǰ˵;
˾򽭲Զڣʱ֣Ѿ̤ˡ
һ˾ڣܹоһ֣ڽˮе
һʷĻǣ2500ǰԽڴ˽ǣ
˳ǣȻѾһִĴУĳЩⱣĹżʷƾá
ڳһŽ֣ƣڴһС衢ϢĿˡ
֮ôˣĻ֮⣬һҪԭһλ˵˵顣
λ˵˵ģġμǡ
Ҳֻ˵ʮ꣬Щݣ˵沿ḻš
ֻ˵˵˵캢ԭţħĶӣ500ǰڻɽʱ򣬱ӢΪֵܣųơߴħֱǣţħħħʨ⨺خţħǽֵܣǺ캢Ȼյˡߡ˽䡢ɳɮ˵֪Ϣ֮󣬾ϲԽ
ԭ˵Ǵս캢Ĺ¡һЦѡһ£Ȥš
ֳλڣʹһЩ˾Ӷ࣬ԶԽ٣ҲһЩĺӡ
˶÷ǳͶ룬һﻹʱʱ
һСʱ֮˵˵ˡս캢Ĺ£̨ʱϢȥˡ
Ĺʼ˵ЦݣȻոġս캢Ĺйء
˵һ롰ս캢йصĻ֮˵˱ݣ۾һԼĲ²Ȼûд
ˣû˵˳һޣ
ޣ˵˵רˣΪģ洫ˣ＼շͬСɡ
ȷˣǾǺޣ֮㿪ʼŸִ߽ˣգΪ飬Ҳ֮Ϊޡԭ򡣡
ǺӱΪ飬˵Ȼֻ18꣬ˣ＼Ѿʤʤĸס
޵ˣ＼գȷѾĸףڵ˼һ㶼ˣϡ




һǧһ ޵ı

Ǽۡ
Ŷ޵˼ˣ＼ϣΪɶ̳洫ļˣ
ΪɶΪ⡶μǡ˵һգڿء
ûȷʵҲǺõġңҿǺްݵյҲģһʱ䣬ɹҲ˵һء
Ŷݵˣ
ţȷһΣĳ㳡ϴݡڳ㳡˵ÿ죬Լİͻƣ㳡һΡϴοıݣѾǰˣҹʱ䣬ָˡ
ԭˣǸϿ̿רеĺӣϣ⺢һܹɹ
ǰϣˣ˵Ҳ˵ˣɹˣȻΪˡ

ۣʱĲй뿪ҲµĹڽ
һλ֮˵˴Ϣֿ߳ʼ˵һµĹ¡
˵ȻǡμǡеĹ£һýζ
һ֮뿪˲ѾԼҪݡ
ĳ㳡𣿡˵һ֮ȥ
ﱾѾǳû̫ʱ䣬ͳš
⣬Ȼһ㳡㳡
㳡󣬵ڴ˹㳡ɢȴǲ٣Ź㳡һȦûп˵еĺڴ˱ݡ
Ҳż»ص˳ɫҪһùס¡
Ÿùݲ٣ѡһҿȥġ

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Թ緹ٴ㳡
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㳡ڳ
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ǲؼ˼ҿϿ̿࣬Ҫġ
Ȼ߰ɣȥ޽ıݣ᲻һθã
ߣߣ߰ɡ

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ޣͻ˰ɣϲϲ
ޣ㣬ݵһɹġ
ǰޣһɹġ

ݻδʼΧ۵Ⱥ޴к
ȻѾΪϤˡ
ȺУһ׼һлҵĹллллǳлҵֺ֧͹һŬݺգҴྫʵıݡҷģһģ
úã˵úã㣡Χ۵Ⱥͽк
΢΢һЦϸһȺУ׼ĺޡ
޸Ӳߣ170ݣעһ۾۾Ƿǳ鶯ģ۾ɫձѳɹ
޵۾Ȼж󣬵㹻鶯˵ͷ
ױĺ󣬲ûʹߣֱӻǴӴͳϷϽ
Ҳѹ֣粢ûյοһжֻܿԼȥ˼ͳԣ뵽ϷգҲ㲻ˡ
ֻʵǲôȥЩײࡣ
ȻֻΪΧ۵Ⱥƺû׷׳˼䣬ʲôޣòϴθÿˡ֮ġ
˻֮⣬޻׼һ䣬ͷϣ俴ȥôһ¶
󣬺óһ··ӦԼƵģһַջƤΧȹʽ
ΪԭУѾȷָˣһŻƤһƤΧȹ
޵׷װȻŲôȴֳܹ飬Եͷ
ʱһ׼׵ʽʼ
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ڿĹУʱͷʱҡͷ
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ӹǵķӦ޵ıǳɹģں޵ıݣҲ˳ֵĿ϶
ȻʱĺޣڰϣڱϣĿоԶһ̶ֳܹȣҲǷǳܿɹˡ



һǧ ɽΣտ
㳡ϣں޵ıݣ˳ֵĿ϶ҲΪϲҪѰҵԱǺˡ
ԺĿǰĻָȫܹﵽĿУˮ׼ġ
е˳ЩϲԽ
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б֦ϣµĿţһ߿һߴԵռȡһЩʳ߳Ա߿
ռ׼˴ĳʳʱԳԡ

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ܵ츳ǱΪٷ֮ʮտϧ޷ɳΪޣ岻
ĺЩϧ
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ͨˣȵܽ뵽ľڣֻҪ춯δܹӦΣա
գӦܹǰӦΣգͿܹӦľ룬жԶˣ



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ˡ
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վ̫ˡ۵
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󣬲Եûңһ˫۾Ŵܵһһ
ᵽڣܿʼš
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ֲͣȷܹԴһвͣȻܹоõ
ǣ޸ɵвֲôܸе¶ȥ˴ܵԣһ˿뵽һֿ񱩵״̬
һ룬ͻȻź˹ȥ۾һһƵĹ
ûᡣ۾һ
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ֻǣⷢ
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ͷܵ츳Ǳﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮΪˣС˵ʮֺġ
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ܺ£˵
˵һҲͨˣ̶̵ʱ֮Ŀ־УѾһЩ
˵˭ǹΪλͻȻ
һЦһ߽һ˵Ȼˣ˭ҪΪʲôͻȻҲҪΪһ·˵صˡҪǣҸոհͷϹӣ㲻Ӧøл𣿡
˵꣬Ѿߵ˺޵ǰ
˵ˣԳһĿ־ʧ
˵ͷϹӣһͷϹΪλ˾
޲ĻͷϹӻͻȻʧߣԭֻΪͻȻˡ
ͷϹΪλ˺ΪλͻȻɽҰ֮У벻еԭֻܰһλɲˡ
ȵ߽޿ݣ侹ȻֻһֻԼˡ
˾Ȼᣡٴһ
ҲȷȷˣһɲˣҲľˡ
һ룬޸Ͻ˵лǰľ֮뵽ЪϢ
ڰ֣˵Ҳճ㼸꣬ýǰҸͷϹӣֻǾ֮ͣҲлңҲȥˣֻмҪ㡣
е֣λͻȻֵˣкҪǹشҺݼľˣҪʲô⣬Ȼ֪޲𡣡
ŶԷϲǰƺҲûټƺǰĳΪ
ͷ˵㣬ΪҪһסɽҰ֮У
޴ӵһ룬ǾǰݳܹõϿɵգɽȺͬӣΪܹиõĸ򡣡
ֵôΪԼĿǰݵգĿգжĲࣿ
޵ʵ˵Ҳ֪𰸣Ҳ֪ʲôӵգաֻֻ֪ҪҲϵȥԺͻƣݵգͻԽԽ롣
ͷ޵ĻشǳϿɣֵҪһɹգ·ἫѣеĻҪѵö࣬㲻𣿡
޼ᶨ˵ȻѾѡһ·Ҿһ·ټѣҲܱɮʦͽ֮·ѣһɹġһᣬһ㹻ʱʱ
ЦЦֵ˵òֻҪϼ֣һϣգĿʲô
޵ġμǡ侫ʺͳɹҷǳϲ
ΪΪ飬ǳͶԵɫһַǳĸ顣
ұգ϶洫ˣոܻӭȻˣյļգҲᶪ
ģҪձݸĹڿõڵϿɡ
ϣҵհݳɹ֮еӫĻĻᡣֻŻиĹڣܹݵա
󣬵˵ͷ˵ŬɣӫĻġУͷϹӴӴ֮󣬲ٵˡĶޣҲͬˡԺרĵרС
޵ǣл
ͷֵˣݼϢȥɣˡ
˵꣬һѾ׿⣬ټ㳹ʧããҹɫ֮С
޿ʧķд󾪣Էٶ֮죬ʵǷ˼
Ǽ崫գٶȺŲȫʩչ֮£ԼٶȣܹǰС
ڣٶ֮ŷ֣ϻ˵ٶȣֹܹ
Է֣Ȼɲ⣡
֮£޸ϽʧķһҾף˵ǰ֪ɷ֪Ӧγƺǰ
ǻټģʱȻܹ֪ԶԶĴ
ǣǰ˵ȻһҾ׵̬
˺һ֮󣬺޲վֱ壬ŶԷ˵ǻټ棬ǳ˷ܣǳļҲû˯⡣
ԾͲٻݣ⣬˼֮¡



һǧ ֽĿѡֳ
뿪˺޵СľݣҲûټص֮ǰĴЪϢ
賿3дСʱͻӭ峿⣬Ծ߻˳ǡ
ɽּžģ޺쳣У
ʱԶȰܸܵȻ޾Ļ
ɽּ䣬һȤ
ڣյԱĻѾȷǺޡ
еĸ˳һЩҲܲ
ɮ˽䡢ɳɮȽɫԱǲؿרȥѰˡ
ʱֻҪѡԱͿˡ
ȻܹǰǳʵԱȻҲõġ
һĥ飬һ߸ҹɫдȻеĻ˳ԽԽ
賿5˳ѾԶ峿⣬ҲѾ˲ҹɫԽԽ
ֹһѾǰףհȥ̫ҲҪһδӶ
ոµһѾʼ
쳹״֮ҲѾص˳ǡ
ȻѾѡյԱ뿪ˡ
ȥ룬ȥڵתһת
ûԭȥȥһ
ݣܽ磬Ѿ
һǶ죬ȴǴཻ֮Ҳļڡ
ڵοͣԶȶʱࡣ
ƺƽʱ΢Щһ
֣쵽Ůǳ࣬һͬһȥЩŮϣܹһ˿˷ܵɫ
ӣӦھĳŮǳȤĻ
ϸһЩŮ̸ֹȻˡ
֡ڵվѡʵ̫ˣ֪꺣ѡֵʵô
٣ģǸּüãȥ꡶ܾ֡Ǿ̷άݵĸ𣿡
Ǻѡÿһֶһʵģܹúõˡ
Щ߰ɣڶѾʼˡѺѡصѡǺã΢Զһ㡣
˭˵أһˣûϿʼ

Ůһ߿첽ߣһ۲ͣǵУ֪˽ΪλôŮȺӶԭ
ԭǡ֡վѡӡ
֡Ȼ֪ĴһħӣƳһѡĿ
ֽĿУ֡ĽĿˣֽܵĿĹڵ׷
УȻŮࡣ
ȥ꡶ܾ֡ҲڵϿˣǵʵǲġ
ֻǣڡ֡ʵûʲôȤӸصĺѡʼܾ̫ˣûκεԡ
Ҳ֣ԶǰѷֽĿȻҲͬѷֽĿҲ⡣
ԡ֡ȤĹǣԡ֡ȴǼΪ׷ǳϲ
֡ߣֽĿУüĴڡ
ħܹĴ֮ף֡ŲСĹ͡
֮֡ߣ˶ŮҲͲΪˡ
Ȼԡ֡ȤȻѾǡ֡վﺣѡȻҲȤȥһ
Ůߣʮ֮˺ѡֳ
׼΢΢һֳ˱Ļ࣬㣬㣬ɽ˺
˴
һѡֳǲ̫һЩԵ͹һ䡣
⵹˵ĹǣĿʮֵĿ
ѡ̺ܼ򵥣ѡȥ峪һθ裬·λίλϵίѡͨѡֱܽһ֡
˵̨ȥݳĸ֣һˮƽܵ˵λֵݳ׻ǲβ롣
һûһλǰһ
ҲϾǺѡ
ֻǣһֽĿġͨЩΡ
ǱһλƯֻ߳˧
ôĿԣԶԶЩһ㣬ֻ߳òôĸ֣Ҫߵöࡣ
ûа취飬ϾѡֽĿͷǳ
ֻίǿҲͬۻ߾ģ˭˭˭Ưֻ˭˭˭ú˧
ڳ質ĺòã⵱ȻҲҪҲǳء
ֻǹ᲻Ծģʶģˡ֮¡
Щһ㣬ֻ߳òôľѡ˵Ҳڲƽ⡣
Ͼ˼ҳƯ˧Ҳ˼ƣƾƻøĻᣬҲ޷˵ʲô
ȻҲ˵ƽ籾ûоԹƽ£ĪκΡ



һǧ ˭
֡վѡֳ
ѡڼȺУŮĶԻĶУһЩȤ
ȣǶֳˣϾҪֵˣôҪˣ
СܿһǲȥҳòÿҪǣҳʱʱͲӦϲġ
ȣҪԼģ˭˵㲻ÿˣУɫ˻ûأ˵츳
ʲô츳һڿ϶ֳĳЦСܿˣǻȥɡ
ȣѾ֡ĺѡֳˣǰ㵽ֳûȥֱȨˡȥ㵽ֳҲͬûȥֱȨˡҪֱȨȵȣ֪ʵǺȥģȻ㲻걨ȥһ԰ɣʵǲУҲþ롣
Ѱȥ˵ˣ;󣬶Ƕʮӡ
ǸȵŮӣȷƯҲһĳ࣬Ļ㲻
ǸСܿŮӣҪƯһЩȻҲ㲻϶ƯҲŮˡ
Ȼⲻص㣬صͨ˵ĶԻ֪ǸȵŮӣʮϲ裬Ѿαμӡ֡ĺѡˡ
ǰξǱҲ˺ѡֳȴʱ̷ˣų̂ȥݳ
һδĿǰҲҪظǰˣǸȵŮҪһη
䲻̨ݳԭ򣬴˵ĶԻжϣΪ䳪ʱǳ⣬һںпЦ
ôһ⣿ɳƣ˵ɫǳ⣬
һ˿棬ֻǸȵŮӣʱϾԥɫ
Сܿ˵ԥˣ㲻ٵȵһʱ̫ˡȥһ԰ɣĳȫû⡣ңһΪɫҿ϶ǻܵġ
ԥ˺һ֮˵ðɣСܿҽ겻ӱˣֵҵʱҾȥԹˣУҲٵȵˣҲԾ˳롣
Сܿһ˵ҪԼһԵġ
ȵͷ˵һŬģСܿȥ̨׼ɣϾҪˡ
˵꣬˴Ⱥȥ˺̨
ϾҪ𣿡ţЩڴ
̨ϣһʮ̭ϱΡò΢Ц̨һ̨ľѡ֣ǸȵŮӡ
λίʦãҽȣʮ֮꣬μӽĺѡ
չһ̵ҽܡ
Ϊȳһ㣬λίûʲôӦֻ΢΢˵ͷ
Χ۵ĹڣҲͬûʲôӦֻעȣڳ衣
Щһľѡֻ֣ǻᳪʲôȤ
̨ϵ̾һĵ̨ϣȻǺҪġ
ǵú֮ǰЩƯ˧ľѡ֣վ̨ʱֳķӦ
òײžվ̨ȲԸ룬úõĳ衣
һ̨ϳ裬ҲһΣԼҲ׼
ҪþȫȥݳԼѡһθ質ꡣ
ֻǣķչпᣬڳ֣֮Ҫ̨ϣĳѡһθ裬Ϊ
䣬ͱίˡ
ΪʱɫķǳһڣλίֳĹȫһ㶡
㶹֮󣬱һЦ
ںЦУίĴݳλίȺ˵
ȣԲˣܲʺϳ裬ɫʵ̫̫رˡ
ȣϲȻǺõģÿһϲˣʺ֡ҵĻֻܲϣ㲻ҪֵΣⵢʱ䡣
ȣ֪ϲ裬ϧ첢ûиһʺϳɤӡԣܱǸ㲻ͨ
λίȫѡˡͨȻ̭ˡ
ֳһЩ֮ҲȵĶС
ǰɣҲμӺѡ˭
һҪˣһŮʵ̫ˡ˵ŮȻΪٰġ
˳òôҲμӺѡ治֪
˵ϲ裬ҪΪֻǿϧעֻһˡ
ǰעֻһΣǳ輼ɲãڼϰɫˣǾ첻ˣôŬҲעֻͽ͡
ѡֳʲôĸֶУȴһҲһʵɣƾ˼ҵӦùġ




һǧ һܹʵ̨
ֳ۵С̨ҲۣܹͬΪĴȵĶС
λίĻ̨ۣһȻίˮۿת
֪ί˵ĻȻȴȷʵÿһϲˣʺ֡
زˣͲӦһֵΡ
̨֮ѹ;˭ִţ
ȺֳĹȥۿתˮٱ̨
ǸСܿŮӸϽӭȥʱСܿЩڿǪ̇̄ˡ
֪ˣ治Ӧȥƽĳܵί
ȺУЩ΢΢üĿλίһۣλί˵ľʵΪȺãȲҪ׷ʱ䣬ȥһʵֵΣ˵ͲίһЩ𣿷Ҫ˵ôֱף
ǱʶΪίЩμӺѡĸ˵ڵĵطҪһЩӦ˵
СܿȵȺΧۿѾתõˮڻǵ˳
СܿǸ˵ȶԲҲӦȰȥģû뵽˵Ĳܡ
ȵСܿҲڣ첻ȥҿܻûʧһ꣬һĸΣȻȵʱڣҲͿˣȻ֪Ӧĵġ
СܿȣҲãȦˮ̫룬Щͨ˸ȥĵط
ֵСܿ˵öԣֻͨˣټû츳ȷӦֵΡͨˣҲˡ
Сܿͷ׼˵ʲôȴͻȻһȻ룬Ҫ󵨵ȥ׷ͨҲд̨Ȧȷܻ룬ҲҪǣ㳪츳˵һ޶ȴǼΪ
СܿȶŮһ㶣⻰ǳ˵ġ
ŮͬʱŤͷķȥ˵֮һʮİˣɻ
Сܿ˵˭ǵ̸ˣΪʲô˵
˵֮ȻˣСܿһ⣬һЦ˵˭ҪǱ֮ǰʱΪ츳Ϊ츳
һ˵Ůһ￴ѡĹڣǲ֮Թ˵ЩҪοһȣֻ߻бʲô˼
뵽СܿΪĿ˵лλİοĺ⣬ˡ
ˣҲǹοģΪ㳪츳츳ܹʵ㵱ֵ룬һڸ̳һϯ֮ء
ȵոҲˣҽֻ䣬㱻ίǽͣˣֳҲһƬ˵̫ˡ
ίʶǳĿǳǵĻ㲢⡣ֳĹԽܣΪ㳪ʱɫȷʵ⣬ȫ߸ǵ֪ǳʱ᱾ܵų⣬Ϊ޷ܡܹ䣬Ǿͻ֣ᷢĸһ֣ǰδеܣǻǳϲĸ
һ˵Ů۾һСܿ˵˵𣿡
ͷЦȻģ㣬ϲ𣿡
СܿȻϲˣȳܺġȻ֮ǰҲǪ̇̄ȥݳˡ
ͶˣϲϲҲͬϲδ˶ϲһ١
Сܿ۾˵ȣҾ˵úܶԣ϶˻ϲĸġ
Ҳͬ۾ϾƲסϲɫ
ֻǺܿ죬ɫһ˵ϲʲôأҸûվ̨ݳĻᡣǸոҲˣѡˡ
ͷȷҪһ̨һʵ̨
Ȼǣֳ̨һ㣬ֵֹ˵ǹرյġ
ĿǰЩѡĿ˵ȷǣò̫ʱ䣬һܹʵո̨֡
Ů⻰û̫ķӦȻֻΪڰοǡ
һܹңʵոµ̨ǫܻ̂Ů
ǰοҲĴмͬʱл⡣
룬ЦЦҲټǿǶ˵Ȼ㳪㲻ⷽȥϰԼĳ̶ȣֻԲŮŮҲҪаŮױ
Ѿ˵ֵͷ˵ֻоЩࡣ
ܸܲһƬ⣬˵ллĽ飬һġ
ȻȵԲԣЦЦ˵ڣξڣһûʵĻᡣһܹʵ̨ʱѾˣѾ׵׼ˣͿԼѡˡ
˵꣬תȥʧȺС


һǧ ƼһλԱ
תʧȺУСܿ˾΢΢һ㶣û뵽˵߾ˣߵôɴࡣ
ȸϽ뿪ķ˵һ䣬лл
˾ո˵һ
ڣξڣȵĿԽԽᶨ˵СܿΪոλ˵öԣҲܾôҵ룬һûʵĻᡣ̨֡ʺңҲλ˵Ժһܹʵ̨Ҫģǰ׼Ǹֵ̨ʱҲܹץס
Сܿ˵ͷ˵ǣĻ̨֡ʺ㣬ЩѡĿֻ¸ӡֻ¸Ӳʺ㡣ȣµʱûг̨ӵѹ
ЦЦ˵Сܿģ˽飬ҷҵ̬˺ܴĸı䡣һ׷룬׼ȴǸ̨ĳ֡Ǹ̨һֱ֣ҲںѹңС֪ܿΪΣܸоոλͨˣ˵̨֣֣Ȼȫ󲻳ǻһʲǫ̂
СܿͷҲоλͨˣϧû˵ʲô֣ߵôͻȻ
ȵܵλָ㣬ҾѾеǳˣ̫ࡣСܿǻȥɣҪȥץʱϰˣҪλ˵һԼĳ̶ȡǰҪŮĸо÷ǳıŤڣҪĸоҸоһᳪķǳ
СܿãȣǻȥԺͳñ˻ͺϲġ
õ뿪˺ѡֳ
ȺУһ뿪ıӰֳһ˿΢Ц
󣬿ʼĥ顣
磬ˣӦûкܶ࣬Ƕǳϲ裬ǳΪһ֣ҶŲ׵ĳ
Ϊԭ򣬻ÿѾˣвмֻһʱɫǳȵȡ
ЩԭǼ֮ͨ֡ģѡĿĺѡ
ϾЩѡĿѡѡ䳪ͬʱҲѡǡ
ѡ޷ͨȻͲиһչʾԼĻᡣ
ǲȱʵֻȱһܹлչʾԼ̨
ĥţӦøЩṩһ̨ҲչʾԼĻᣬҲʵĻᡣ
Ȼṩ̨Щ˵еÿһˣܹʵԼ룬ٿ˶Ļᡣ
･˴㣬ֳһ֮뿪ֳȥһЩطתת
ʱ뿪
ʱ뿪ݵ򽭡
֮ٻ򽭣Ϊأ֮׼ʡˡ
죬Ӵ桷Ѿˣнɽ¾㣬ص򽭡
Ȼ򽭼һʱ䡣
ϣͬϴڽɽһûоˣֱȥϢķ䡣
ضͻȻ֣ϴһϲ˵ȥˣ
һЦ˵ȥյԱ˰֪
ءŶһֵҵ𣿡
ͷ㲻ѾҵˣĻˡ
ģô졣Щȣʵ˭λԱ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ЩԱݲգһλˣǽЩĺޡ
ޣҡҡͷû
ЦЦֵûֻЩֲȫ
صðɣɫԱأɮ˽䡢ɳɮ˵ԱҺ𣿡
ǵûУ˶ԱҪûôߣÿȥѰңʱֱӹѡԱͿˡ
룬˵ҸƼһˣҪҪ
ŶЦðѾͷ˵˵˭
صԻʮ꣬ǾȺݡȻֻȺݣȴرģھرܹԿ࣬ʲôŸɣоЩɮʦͽУԹɳɮԿһԵĻһλᡣ
ŶأֵѾͷƼӦûбʲôԭɣ
صҲһλˣǰһλϷԱΪԭ˳˾šȺݣΪɵϷԱʱһ룬ΪһӾԱھʱ䣬ЩԱչˣҾŰһ¡ݼû⣬Ͳһᡣ
󣬵ͷЦãȥ


һǧ 
صķصԼķ䡣
׼ʡǵģڣбҪıһ¼ƻˣȥ鿴һƼģλԻȺԱ
һҹ޻˵ڶϡ
Ҫص㣬򽭵һŽϡ
һŽ֣ɲ㾪飬ֻһˣֵ֪˾顣
ŽϣѾо鹤ԱڲֳضҲѾþ߸˳
ھ⣬Ѿվ˲ٵ֪ϢĹڡ
˵㣬ȺԱĿ⣬һȺԱһһɨ
ͻȻ۾һע⵽һԱʮ꣬󷽹Ϊߴ󣬽180֡
ϲĻӦþؿеԻˡ
˵ͷԻȥɳɮĻȲ˵ӰϿǰƻݵľɳɮ󣬼Ϊơ
Щϲһջ
ȻڻûоɳɮԻݡ
Ҫٹ۲һ£ңҲ˼ԸɳɮһǲС
һֱڰй۲Իıֳ֣ʼԱֳϷʽ֮󣬷Իȷʵ˵ǳԹֻȺݣҲĵķǳ档
벻ܶȺֻΪϷĹʡ

һʱҴҶ˰ʱ֣չԱ˾ƵϢ
һȺԱҲɢȥԻȺݣҲͬһȥ
ˣĵĸȥ
һ·֮׷ȥں˵ǰԻ
Ի΢΢һ㶣عͷסˣһİӣɻ˵Իǣ
΢΢һЦ˵֪ɷһ˵
֣ԻȻѾ׹ֻһʼȻΪǱЩʶ˵ĸ
Ȼ뵽ģǰڽɽſڷ顣
Ȼǰڽɽ³֣Ǵʱǰ
Իһ飬˵λ
һЦ˵ʥˡ
һ˵Իʮּ˵ʵǷǳǸո̫ʧˡ
ڰ֣˵ˣһȥһ裬Σ
Ի㿴ʧˣӦȥȲģ룡
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ԻҲȻͬǳϤֻ˵ǳٹĹ£¹ıµҲСġμǡѾ˴ϱȫ˵˵Ĺ£ȫǡμǡμǡӰվ
ЦҲμǡ𣿡
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ˣҽ֮ǡǡ롶μǡйء
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һ·ƽ£4߳ʡǻ
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ͷ˵֮һʮңһװЩ΢ֵӣİ
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ʱ򣬽Ҷ΢Ѿ߽˷ǳȻ֣ЦԭҶ̨Ҷ̨֮յüҲǳˡ
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Ҷһ˵ԵúǸˣ˵ҿոƺ׼򳵣֪׼ȥ
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ҶȷͣҲ̫ߣһЩ̨ȥĶǸ̨칫Ρ֮ԹȥһΪεĽᣬѡĿΪ⣬һֱ̨ƽĿҪȥѧϰһЩ顣ǡΪһĿҪȥħʱ뽻պýϡ
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ҶͷȷˣѶȷǳʵϣʱ䣬̨һֱһ̨ӰѡĿΪ̨ѡĿ𲽽ԭһֱûдӰĽĿڣѡĿгԽԽ󣬹ڻԽԽ̨࣬ҲԽԽȣԽԽҪӰѡĿѶȣԽԽҲһȥμӽԭ֮һ
˵ѡĿɹģӰܹǻӭģħӡ
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ӷǳźģҪŵʮȥˡ
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ҶҪһ̨ӰѡĿ
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һǧһʮһ һҶ
ҶҪһ̨ӰѡĿѶȲһĴ
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Ҷһ̨ĵģҪɳһ飬׼Ͷǧ򡣡
ǧ򣿡΢΢ЩȣһҶǴ㶯ʸˡ
ǧһֽ̨ĿԳƵǾʴˡ
Ҫ֪ħӵġ֡ҲͶǧ
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Ͷǧһֽ̨ĿǷˡ
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ġ˵ǧԶԶ
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һǧһʮ 
Ҷ½Ŀ߻㹻Ļƽʻܹﵽ4.0ϡ
Ҳ˶ѣҪ4.0̫߳࣬ǲܵˡ
ҶҲܹ4.0߳٣ֻҪܹﵽ4.0ҶѾΪϲˡ
Ҫ֪ǹļ̨ͬĿƽߵģҲ0.8
һ½ĿҪﵽ4.0ϣЩˡ
Ȼû̫ĹϵЦЦ˵˵ѡĿﵹһĿ߻֪Ҷ̨Ȥһ
һ˵Ҷʱ˫۷Ź⣬Ʋסľϲ
Ȼ֮ǰδֽĿȫĿ߻ԵķͬСɡ
Ҷæ˵УУȤǳȤϸ֪
Ҷһ͵ı飬һЦ˵ҵĿڱϣĿǰЩѡĿûʲôͬʽȴͬ
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ÿһλʦԼսӵʦǰѵʦѡĲѡֳ֮ΪѧԱʦҪԼѧԱѵ
ڣ˵һ˵ĿĴ̡
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ѡ̨ݳʱλʦҪ̨ѡֵģ֪ѡֵĸ߰ݣŮֻܹѡֵ
ǵʦѡѧԱΨһУʦĳѧԱǣɰµʦϵİťΪѧԱתʦαɱ̨תΪ̨
ֻҪʦתͱԸ⽫̨ϵѡ֣ΪԼѧԱ
˵ʱͣһ£Ϊ֪ҶҪʡ
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̨ϵλѡȻͱ̭ˡλѡݳ֮λʦἯתλѡֵݳе
ҶͷֵжλʦͬʱΪһλѡתλѡָü뵽˭սӣ
ЦӦòټʱȨЩתˣȥλʦսӣѧԱԼѡ񡣶λʦѧԱѡǰΪԼƱȥȡѧԱ
Ҷ۾ΪԼƱȥȡѧԱһ˵ǲǵʦ໥ѧԱ
˼̫˼ˣԻἫ߿㡣
ҶԽԽ˷ܣæ˵
ЦЦǿ趨һʦѧԱÿλʦѡ14ѧԱѡ14ѧԱ֮󣬾ͲټѡѧԱˡȵеĲѡ֣ǫ̈̄ݳ֮Ȼеʦûѡ14ѧԱǾͿЩ̭ѡУѡһЩǺܸߵѡ֣еڶθݳûѡĵʦѡѧԱ
Ҷһһߵͷʱ˵ôеĲѡֻûݳ꣬λʦȫѡѧԱʣµЩûݳѡô죿
ЦЦ˵Ȼͱ̭ˣЩƽѡǵݳ˳ǳǩģЩʱҲʵһ֡ȻǻԵȵڶĿʱ򣬼μӡ
Ҷͷ˵ЩʱҲʵһ֡
ֽ׶εı̣˵һ飬λʦĶ̭ǿܾȡ
УҶȫʮֵϸ棬֮ϸԺһ顣
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ŶҶЦЦ˵Ҷ̨ʲô𣿡
ҶͷȷЩ⣬̫ܲ˽⣬ѡĽĿǷǳѡֵòģеҪ˧ŮҪƯȻҪر˧ҲҪرƯҲҪˮƽ̨ϵѡ־ЩòڵģɻӰ쵽ĿЧʽӱٶ࣬ҲδػˣʵԱ֤ʵΥѡĿɵġ
Ҷ˵֣Ϊȷʵ
ڵЩѡĿȵȷǿòˣҲˡ볡ȯҲлȥչңȡӱ
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ΪѡĿгɣʹøѡĿУ̨ϱݵѡ֣ЩŮ
δʲô⣬Щϲ裬ʵ׵ѡ֣Ϊò⣬޷Щ̨ò˵һǳź顣
ġΪֲź
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ЦЦ˵Ҷ̨˵ȻûдѡĿȷгɣҿгɲ̫ѡĿΪ豾ӦѡĿıʣӦòӽò䡢ְҵء⵵ĿҪԭĿıʣ質ĺòãΨһб׼
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Ҷ룬ĳȻǼõģҪΪЩϲ裬ಢڣǳԲڵˣֻΪʲôԭ򣬶޷Щ̨ˣṩһлչҵ̨ȻûʶֽĿǴƻֽ̨ĿΪʣΪ̨ӰΪ׬ǮܵĸЩṩƽ̨
ҶҪһ˵һʱֲ֪֮Ӧδʣ
ҶһԥɫȻµҶ룬˵Ҷ̨ǷΪҵ⵵ĿֽĿĳԣΪһƵĽĿ
һ˵Ҷһ˿εɫҲԵһ˵լʺҷǳһҵ̨˵ȻֽĿǾ͵ȷӯĿġ
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ǣ˭˵ǸЩˣṩ̨Ĵƻˣ
̨ϵѡǲǿŮ˭˵ǾͲϲˣ
˵˵ҵ⵵Ŀܹϳħӵġ֡Ҷ̨𣿡
Ҷԥֱҡҡͷ˵ܱǸҲţֲѭѡĿгɵѡģʽһϲģʾԲֹۡ
ЩΣҶʮ϶ѭֽĿгɵֽĿһʵġ
ֻҶ϶ˣӦҲ϶ġ
ԴˣҲٴʲô͵ٶ࣬ҶҲš
ǣ˵˵Ҷ̨ͬҵ⵵Ŀˣ
ҶͷǳǸҵȷ̫ͬȻҲ˵⵵ĿãǡЩϣֽ̨Ŀĳԡ
ֵôҶ̨ǲԸ⸮Һ⵵Ŀˣ
⡭Ҷһ˼ֻѡһ濴Ҷܹ
ǣѡһ֮⣬⵵Ŀνʮ㣬ίΪʦʦѡѧԱ齨Լսӣʦ໥֮ѧԱеʦäѡѧԱΪѧԱתȵȣ̫Ŀˡ
ҪôõĽĿҶʵ᲻á
˵ɷð㵽ǵ̨ͣʱǷ顣
ûԥֱ˵ԡ
˵ҪƳȻҪ̨һҵ̨һ
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ͷԣŵ㣬׼ʱ̨ݷá
Ҷõģõģŵ㣬ӹĴݡˣ⵵Ŀʲô֣
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Ҷͷֵ㲻жߴϣǳϽĿıʡ
Լ쵽̸̨Ŀ飬ҲûټĿĻ⣬ϵرš
ʱ⳵Ŀĵأ³һټֱŲͬķȥ
ҪЦȥѾкܳһʱ䣬ûȥЦˡ
ܷܷѾͷΪææ⣬ҪӴǰݷùӹĸֿˣʵǷǳࡣ
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˿ʱ䣬պ5㣬㼰ʱһĻѾ°ˡ



һǧһʮ û
ЦѾľ߹ģԱѾˣ⻹ǩԼˡԱ
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ȻָоƺҲ̫ʣָϽ˫ַ£ԵЩȻɫߺ죬Ŀֱ
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ЦЦֱߵһû˵ϢңһϢһߵܷܷ

10ܷܷ֮ÿˣǰ̨˵Ľ㣬ϰˡ
ģܷܷһϲȻȴһ˵ôʱҲ˦ϰ嵹ңģ
ӰͷܷܷУһ˿֮⣬ڶδܷ˵У֮⡣
һδܷܷ˵У֮⣬ǡþһʱ
ӽڵϢңܷܷ˵ˡ
ܷܷͷ˵ȻˣȥϾǵϰ岻ǡ
˵ܷܷ꣬䡱ڵϢȥ
ǰ̨ӿܷܷȥıӰ죬͵Ц˼

ϢŲ֪ܷܷˡ
ȵܷܷŽ֮Цܣһμ㣬ʵǷǳҡ
ܷܷûİһۣ˵ûʲô飬ϰǲٹҵġϰʲô£Ը
˭˵һ²ģҽ㣬ûʲô¶ȻҲ£Դͣصô
ܷܷƲ⻹࣬ҪȥԻ
ȻԣǻԵһһǮôԡ
ܷܷ͡һЦ˵ѽǻ԰еĲ˶ݣһݵһݡ
һЦ˵û⣬Ǯôԡ
ʱ䵽룬ܷܷһ߳ңѡһҸߵĻԻ
ȻǲûеһһҲûеݲˣһݵһݡ
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ܷܷһٻһСʱ
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ôһ֮κ˵ҵĿһҲͬҵĿûıҪô͵Ϊֹ

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˵ҲǣĿˣȻҽһ¡һĿʲҲ̶ãĶɾʵʵڵˣһڶûС
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˵Ҳǣһζˡ


ӡ
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һڽĿԱ󣬷׷ʾӦŶԡ
ЦЦ˵⵵ĿضѾȽˣͲ׸ˡҲ֪⵵ĿͶһڣȷǳʴˡˣʲôҪõģֳ豸ҪȽģʦҪġڣһһŴҵĹţ֮ǰȥݲһ
㵢飬ֱӿʼ˹ҪȻǳأʩ
˵õģھȥݲǴ̨һݲһĿ
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֮ΡάĿˣһһݲ



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ݲһӦ豸Ҳи߶ˮ׼ᶼѾ㹻ˡ
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˵ݲǫ̂õݲˣ豸ȥ¸ģܹ500أҲи߶ˮ׼豸ˡ
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һʮҵС˵Ǹ豸ģϤ
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ǧ壿Ļֳ˾Ͳһȫһġ
⻻豸Ҫǧ굽ʲô豸ôҲ̫ݳ˰ɣ
β˲麹˵ǧ豸ǲ̫ˣҪ֪ǵͶҲǧȴóһ豸ǡ˵ˣЩ豸ջã500أһӻһ룬ǲ̫˷ˡ
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ңǴĩӣƽʱֽĿߡߵǾͲˡ
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ġ֡޶ѣҪԷƵίԷƺԥֱӾˡ
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軪˾ûƽ֮ͬŹء
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ȴ룬ֻ˵˵Ҫġ
ƽ˲ͷ麹˵ĸ˵̫󣬶ȻʮԳݣǲܽǵ̨ġңǴѡĿία룬ǲܽǡĿġǲǻĸ˺һЩ



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ƽ˼֪ƽû㹻ţǡǡҲһҪƽȥԭ
ƽǽĿĵݣڽĿֳǱҪ㹻ȨԵģ軪ҲãҲգǵٴ¼ƽĿʱҲҪӵݵİš
ʱƽ軪ƷơںʱһȵȱţҶˡָֻšǽĿЧƾҪۿˡ
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ͷͺá



һǧٶʮ 
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ͷ½һЩ£֮˵ˣҾͰҸոհ飬æµǵĽĿ׼һ̾ѾʼˣҪڱ֤ǰ£óİٶȡ
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軪Ļе̫⣬˵õģ磬͸ص绰



һǧٶʮ 
ӡĿ칫ңƽڵ軪ĵ绰
֮󣬵绰ˣһĵ绰룬軪ġ
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ã軪绰˵
ƽһ飬û뵽Ȼ軪Իص绰˵ĿһĬĬŵֽĿݣγĴͻȻ֮Щ˷ܺͼ
Ȼ֪軪֮Ի˿Ըص绰һжֻΪԭһθпѡ
˵Ȼ軪ĸеǳң軪ԸǽĿ𣿡
绰軪ЦȻԸ⣬ҷǳңĿʲôʱʼ¼ƣ
ƽԤʮ֮󣬶ˣ軪ǵĽĿֱͨʽ
軪ʮ֮û⣬ֱĻȻҲû⡣ôʲôʱǰ̨
ƽһ֮󣬾ʱǽ֪ͨ㡣㵽˵̨֮̸Ŀϸڣ㿴𣿡
軪Ȼû⣬ҵŹĿ֪ͨĿʮڴ
ƽǳл軪ǽĿ룬ʱǵ̨ټ
ָԿ׼䣬˵绰
˵绰֮ƽȻЩ˷ܣ軪ĻҪ˳ԷʲôϸڶûʣֱӽܣѶûʡ
ƽӵţ׼ڶλ
λʦŮȰλеĸ㶨
⽪軪𲻴󣬵ĸоȴ軪Ҫ࣬ƺֲ̫ദˡ
뵽ƽ΢һЩ
ô࣬Ȱѵ绰ȥ˵ţƽͨ˽ĵ绰
ãһλӵ绰ٶȵǲ
ԬãǴֽĿƽƽ˵
绰һˣԽüͷԽ壬ﷴӦ֮ǰ軪࣬ССӵѡĿҲ뽪ȥα˭ǵ
Ըȥˣǿд϶ԷֱӾܾȴԷ˵⵵Բ߻ԵνĿܸˡ
һ飬Բ߻ģļٵģ
Ȼģ֪Է˵ѣٵóʮֵľ񣬡õģõģû⣬΢һͰͽ˵˽˼֮͸ص绰õģõģԵȡ
˵绰ЩңԼ֮ǰûǿйҵԷĵ绰Ȼ˶鷳ƾʹˡ
ҵҲͬڵһʱҵ˽˵ոմӵֽĿƽ绰˵ǴƳһѡĿҪ˵εʦ⵵Ŀɡ
Ļδ˵꣬ͱֱӴˣ΢Щõ˵СԬֱӾܾ˾ͿˣҪһ㱨һĩĴӵѡĿʲôʸαʲôݣʲôţһûеĵҲң˭˭
С˵
һ㶣ֵСԬô£ʲôϵ
Цһ˵ҸոյĻû˵꣬⵵ĿԲ߻ġ
ȫȫİѻ˵꣬Щ죬˵ôѡĿȤˣ⵵Ŀʲôţ

ֵͨͨȻԲ߻ĽĿǾԲһͨĽĿˣո˵Ҽ˽ĿҪʲôʦ⡮ʦʲô
ҲҪڴ绰ȥʣ
ǵˣԺҲ֪ģֱӻص绰ǵ롣
ֱӾͽ𣿲ʹڼϸڷ𣿱Ŀʲôʱ¼ƣǸٵȵȣ
ҡͷϸڣȽ˵ĶҪгͻͰ֮ǰİŻˣѾ͸ҪˣûгҲûйϵ
СԬҪ֪Բ߻ѡĿ⵵ĿԲ򵥣ҵεʦ˵϶ˣڵ͵λһ㣬ҾͲܾܾ
⣬ʦһλ֮⣬λʦп軪Ʒơںˣһ룬λûңʲô
ܱ룬Ǿһ͵λκһλǸֶ
УһξѻᣬԸ
ԣӶֽǶȿҶĽ롣
˼˵ھ͸ص绰˵ǽ롣
ͷ룬˵СԬ㲦ͨ˵绰֮󣬰ѵ绰ңԺ˵
΢Щ죬ȴǵͷõģ



һǧٶʮ ʼ
ӡĿ칫ҡ
ƽû뵽оƺദĽȻҲԸ˵绰˵ΪĿ
ЩƵǣҲƽʱΪ߸
ƽһαǿ
軪Ѿ룬ֻʣƷƺںŮˡ
֪λŮԸԸ룿ƽֹ
Ҳûĵ飬һȺͨˣƷںĵ绰
ȻǷǳ˳ƷơںˣҲͬǳɴĽ롣
ǶڽʱҲͬûѯʼϸ⣬ûѯʽĿĳǶ٣
ˣλʦѡѾȫȷϼˡ
һģȫûѯʼϸڣȻܹ˵ǶڼϸںͳѲ⡣
Ҳ˵ܽĿ鵽ʱʲôҪǶȫϡ
ڳѣǸûѯʣͱʾѵĶ٣Ǹ⣬ǲҪѶԡ
֮ԻԭֻһǱЩǸǵӰƽ֮ǰΪģҪöࡣ
ˣȫǸ֡
ңƽڽӵ˻عĵ绰ʱƺܸоԵЩȲ
´Ӧˣͻ᲻ǣΪƵġ
λֻΨܹ
ƽһпǧ֪ǵӰ֮֮ǰҪţûţ
λʦǶˣƽţȵλʦֱһ䶯ԵδȻ
һ˷ܣƽ뿪칫ǰȥ
ݲݲһĿ졣
ݲƽ˷ܵ˵㶨ˣλʦ㶨ˣԶףһ˵⵵ĿԲ߻ģֱӾͬˣûʼϸڣѶûʡ˼ǲѣҲȻԸ⡣
ʡλʦĳѣǾܹʡһǮƽ˷ܡ
Цǳѣǻȷͬ⣬ǽĿ鲻ǮҲԸǵĳѣȻҪģҪûҪԵǵۡ
ҲǣݣǵĳѣҿǲˡƽЩյ˵
ЦЦ˵ˣȻλʦѾȷҲʽˡȻλʦʱҪܡ
ƽͷõģȻҪʼˣȥһǱߣǾ콫ǽĿרҳ
ͷõģǾ鷳ˡ
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˵ѾҪƺˣȥһ¡
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ЦЦ˵ڰ⸱ϴ̨ٷҳһĸڣҪǳۣҵվһ۾ܿȵרҳ֮ھרҳתť
ӴõģھͲܼ򵥣ֻҪʮӵʱͿˡ
ͷãˡ
ɫ΢˵ࡱ
£޳˫֡žžžģڵϲ
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æվȥڰ֣£Լת˳ȥ
һ߳óֻһ΢
ղ߻һѡĿʽ봨Ӵɺڽڴʽһģֻڸ̨۳࣬ߣ䣬Ա𣬲ְҵ۱ֻֻҪһֻҪȰ֣չҵ̨ʼ½ӹ˽⡣
΢ÿһθ£ܹڵһʱ䱻˿һȻҲ⡣
ҲʲôʱѡĿȤˣ
ǰ򽭽ɽ𣿽ôֵˣ߻һѡĿѼβ




һǧٶʮ 
΢ڵһʱ䱻˿֮󣬱ѸϣǼȤϡ
΢࣬ȴǲ١
ͻȻѡĿȤ߻һѡĿǾͻȻͺ棬⡣
ϾڻֵһˣֵһˣϾ֮߻һѡĿƺҲͦ
ǣ߻ġΪλ봨ӺЩˡ
˵ĽĿӦĴӺŶԣħˡ֡׼֮⣬ǻأ
ӲǻôͨĴӣôҲŲĩβĴӰ
˵ӣ˶ûʲôӡӵķűʶʲôģǲҲûտӵϰߡ
ѡ봨ӺͲܵӰ֡
ȻСڽڲƺҪħӵġ֡һϸµĽ࣡
Ҷ֪ħӵġ֡һѾʼȫػȺѡһڲʮ
Ҳ˵ڽڲԾҪ롶֡ͬڲˡ
ӵͬĿ׷ѡâȴƫƫѡһϸ¡
˼ͷǳ˼ˣе˫۷Ź⡣
Ȼ󣬡۳࣬ߣ䣬Ա𣬲ְҵ۱ֻʲô˼
˼ֻҪ質úãκԲ
һһޱȵˣֻҪ質úãҲԵ̨
˵ޱȣ̨϶һЩͨڱǿҲûж˼
ѡĿҪȻ˧ŮȫЩͨˣʲôͷ
ȻԲ߻ĽĿһҲ˺ܶѵɡ
΢νһʯǧˣ˷ܡɻɣʲôС
Ȼ˵ˣɵ½ӹ˽⡣
ȻˣǾȥϸ˽һ˵
ǣǷ׷׵½ӹһ㿪㱻һĸ
ϸһǡЩϸĽĿܡ
ֻǣǵĿһʱ䣬ûȥĿϸܣǱӰ
ӰȫݣܹóŮ
·ֽܣ֪ǽĿλʦʦڽĿнĽɫҲͬϸֽܡ
˽ܣͻȻ⵵ĿΪʲôֻˡ
ԭ⵵ĿѡĿȫһ⵵Ŀûмαίֻλʦ
λʦҪڲѡУѡԼѧԱԼսӡ
ʦѡѧԱĹУǱŲѡֵģֻܹѡֵѡǳǸǰݣŮ
ǵʦѡΨһУѡֵԣôͿΪѡת
ǡֻ
˽ЩһͻȻüΪĸȤԲ߻ĽĿͬĿһʮֵ
ȻѡѧԱķʽҲǺܶɵԭڡ
ɲɣλʦֱ˭ȴǼȤ
ӰֻܿλʦֱŮͿκεϢˡ
һʱ֮䣬λʦݵĲ²⣬ΪϵĽ㻰֮һ

ͨ˽ˡĽĿģʽ֪λʦڽĿУĽɫ
ǣ֮ǰһЩʺ飬ȴȻûд𰸡
磬Ϊʲôѡ봨Ӻ
ǲ֪еԭ򣬵ǵ̨Ȧӵˣȴ֪еԭ
ĳ̨ȦӵһЦȻ֪еԭǾǰɣҲܣ綼ӵ̨ȦӴȥ
ǣдѡ봨ӺԭˣȤΧۣ
ȤȻ࣬һʱѡΧۡ
ԭأЩȣЩ⣬־ƺҲ
ǵľȺͲ⣬ȻΪԲ߻ĽĿȻ˴֮еĵ̨һ¿˥˴ӣȻûһҵ̨Ը
ԭ֮ѡ봨ӺΪ˴֮⣬ӶԸòѡ봨Ӻ
֮ԲԸԭ򣬴Ҳ֪ˡ
ԭǡþһЩǵڡ
ҲΪˣ־ӲԸƺҲͦ
ⷴҲܹ˵֮ǰڡֻɣеġ
Ҳǣ̨ϵĲѡǣһЩͨˣʲôͷ
Ҹով˵ˣǿѡĿǱҪŮòͨˣǸûжȤȥҵɵȷȷģеҲΪġţӳ⡣
Ҹոһʱ򣬺ܶ˻˵ҲӦ߻ĽĿôҶ֪ҵе˰ɣ




һǧٶʮ Թ԰
ڡ˷ܡɻɵС
ʲôϳ׵Ļˣǿ϶ġ
飬̨ȦӵҲͬڹע
עĵطλʦ֮⣬ǡĲʱˡ
ȻڽڲҪ롶֡ͬڲˡ
һڵ̨Ȧӵ˴⣬ԭΪ֡ȵ֮֡ٲ
ӵĻʻ̫
ڣѡ롶֡ͬڲͲʻҲ̶ã
˵ţܹϣ֡͡һϸ£
֮ǰ˵ʽᳬ֡仰Ȼǵʱ˵Ц
Ц󣬴Ϊֻ˵˵ѣ˼Բֻ˵˵ѣš
ȻӦòѡ񡶻롶֡ͬڲ
ĲΪǸȱʲô
̨Ȧӵ۷׷ס
Ϊʲôţʵ벻ͨǸȱĺĻӰʵİ
˵ΪȦڵˣܹĹڣ΢֮󣬡ֻһ㣬ô˵ɣ˵˰ɣûпŮѡĿĲϲ
΢ǰǵںҲ˵롶֡ͬڲľʱ򣬲֪ôһ㡣ҲںҲһ
⵹ҲпܣڼȻѾ΢Ҳˡ
ȷݣĻ̫ûˡԣΣһ롶֡ͬڲˡٺ٣˼ˡ
Ըʲ̫ҵɡ


ħӡ
Ҫ˵һҵ̨⣬롶֡ͬڲ£Ȼħˡ
ǵĸȣȻԵĲͬ
̨κü˵Ȼѡǵġ֡ͬڲΪλ˵ţѵǿ𣿡
ӪܼƵԣҲ˵̨Ȧӵ˶ôǣҲͬɣǶͨڣȻзȨԣʣԲֹۡ
ֲܼ˵ѵȦ˵ڷ΢֮ǰ֪ôˣɡֻһ㣿
̨ܵĿǰҲȷֻֿˡȻԼѡͬڲǵʱͲҪǵġ֡ѹġˡԸ˶ǺħӡȻһβ߻ĽĿòϣǺޣһǳ鷳顣
̨κ˵˵ǲõʵˡڡϷǳ𰡣ԶԶǵġ֡
̨ܵϾոչڡϢǻ÷ǳʡǡ֡Ѿ㹻죬ȻҲˡ
ӪܼƵȷˣӪǳУ޶ȵӻԣλʦݣѾȷˣȴƫƫѷ׷ײ²⡣
κͷ˵λʦݣΪ˭
ǺѲ²⣬ֻ֪ŮλʦӦö͡Ͼݰ˭˭Ӧöӡһ㲻òϡ
˵һλʦһ߾пǰĴڣ᲻ʹáʣ
ʻǻһ㣬󣬸Ӱ졣Ϊλʦ˷˿֮⣬˲ΪǶȥǵ˷˿ĹȺʵ̫СʲôӰ졣
ȷˣλʦٴҲܴͨǲΪ߻ģȥȻΪλʦݣȥˡ
һǳ׵ķˡҶλʦݣȷķǳ档


λʦֱ˭
ħڲ²⣬̨Ȧӵڲ²⡣
ϣڲ²⡣
ȦǸǣҲͬڲ²⡣
ǵĸܣȻͨѡ̨Ȧӵ˲һ
Ĵ벻ãûʲôȱ㣿Ƕ̫ģǹĵǣ⵵ĿĲ߻
ȻˣôĿ˭룬ʵҲ˭롣
Ҳ˵ĿλǣõϿɣΪʸѧԱǵĵʦ
ڵֵһϿɣһϵҫȻĳЩĽȨԡ
λʦȻûйȦĸǣλʦνĽּʡ
һЩΪԼ㹻Ҳ㹻ֲŻǸ֣ԼûбĿһ£νǳԹ԰ôԼûбѡأ



һǧٶʮ Ҫһ
һЩΪ㹻Ҳ㹻ֲŻǸԹ԰ôԼûѡأ
ôλе˶ֱ˭еǸȫǳĺ棬׷ײ²⡣
Ůţǣˣʵ˵û㣿
ҵϣأûյ롣ϣһлʱܹɡ
ҵ뵽һˣпıˣ軪
ţ軪ȷпܣһסɡҿĽһˡܵ裬˵εʦʵǷǳпܡҸϽ軪
軪ˣǶ֪ˡ
ҵȷյ˽Ŀ룬һҲǽĿƽء
ȥȥģȥҪNɪ͇NɪɣҲĽġ
軪֪˷ֱ˭
Ĳ֪ʵǸ֪˭ĽĿģʽҲˣλʦ໥֮Ǿϵ˵λʦ֮ҲڱҪˣٶЩˡѽڶЩڽˣ䰡
ŶǺðϽ˵˵ڽˣһˣλʦҲûй㲻ԸⵣεʦӦûͬġȻ㽨ңҲ䡣
ˣˣӦܷڣҪĻǾȥɡ
ЇNɪ֪𣿇Nɪ
ûУûУûУ˵ҵλֶ˭˵ģҷǳڴ΢һЩš
ԭҲһЩţһΪһЩء
ãԭһе㣬㵹ǳסղţôΣҲ֨
Ϊɶ㣬ҰҵɲͣңĸоҲദ
ٺ٣ܼ򵥰ΪұʺЩѧԱĵʦ¡
هNɪ㻹ְɣҪǵľУ·磬ǿɾ͡Ҫ˵˵˵㲻뵣εʦˣңھд·綪Ӳǡ
ͦʵ˵һЩţȻ˷ܺڴ
ʱɵö鰡ҿĳѡתˣͱˡ
軪⻰Ҳ˵ģҪ顣
軪ͽѾȷŮ˭ŮͬǺܰƷƣϣں

ƽ㣬öڣأλŮʦУһλǲ㣿ͲҪ
СȾ͵͵ȥ
ƽ㣬㰡УĽ
˵ģҲЩţҵ»ǣԼβõʦʧ
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ÿһ׵ĿԲ󣬲˭µѧԱӮܹھпܵһ׸
ĸ׶ǾԾ䣬ƽ㣬ΪĸҪͰ㡣
СȾлл㣬һġ
˷ƽ㣬һλŮʦ˭֪𣿡
֪Ҳ²пںҿ֮ǰ˵ĻЩõ˼
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ǰҪõܹھǳף
û£ƽ㣬һԵģһΪ͵ġ

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ǰȥʱʿ϶͡
ĿԱ˷ܣȴǵһЦ˵ڡϵĻԵȷܸߣⲢʻܸߡҪֻ֪ǻԶѣλʦݹ֮ҲͬԵߡҲڵ̨ȦˣȻΪǵʻǳԭ򡣡
һ˵ĿԱ˷֮齥ȥҲǵ̨ȦˣȻ̨֪ȦӵˣȻʮֿ˥ǵġڡĻϺܸߡ
ֻǵ̨Ȧӵ˿˥ҲͰˣڶǣҲͬԡֻһǳɣ˵ʲôû˧ŮѡĿʲôͷ
뵽ЩĿԱΪƣǻǸ˵̫ˡ
ôӦô죿
ʵβʹ룿
ЦЦ˵Ҳ򵥣ֻҪǵĽĿ㹻˾Ϳˡ
ʵҪ㹻أ
֮ǰ˵ֻڴҿ⵵Ŀȱ㣬ҿȴ⵵Ŀľ裬Ҳ˵ҪһԣĲѡɸѡ˵Ҫġ
һ˵ĿԱȫһ˼ģ
˵ɸѡѡֵʱǷֻ
ͷȷˡ
˵ɸѡѡ֣ǾӦ
ͬʱУһǴӱ߷Сɸѡѡص㣬ʶȸߵˣ֪ͨǹֳԳյѡ񡣶˵ȫѰãѰҪġҽϸš



һǧʮ Ͻ
ӡ
ĿԱ˵ҪȫأȥѰҪġȫԵ÷ǳԾԾԣȥƺǳ˼
ʱ֮ǰĿרҳˣ˵רҳѾɣйܶǰҪƵģѾϴ˷ʽˡ
ͷܺãٶͦģȻˣɸѡѡֵĹҪʽչˡ֪ͨһ£ûеĽĿԱϣǿһᣬϸһ´ҽĹ
õģ˷ܣҲڴȻֱ֪ͨЩûеĽĿԱ
ʱ΢ٴθһݣıѾʼһϲ裬õչ̨½ӹ˽⡣
΢ãнĿԱȫ롣
˵ڿʼѡǵɸѡʽʼҸոѾ˵ˣѡɸѡ˵ҪĹҲ⵵Ŀܷɹؼڡԣϣϸҽ˵ģȥɸѡѡ֡
ģһϸҪȥ˵
ͷֵǳãҸոҲ˵ˣɸѡѡҪͬʱУһѡڶȥѰҪġǵȻҲҪֳ飬ڴҷ䡭
Աֳ飬ϻ׼ҪɵΪһ飬ڴӣѡУѡص㣬ʶȸߵˣ֪ͨһ֮ͳһ̨μԳ
Ϊڶ飬ֱǰȫأѰýĿҪġ
࣬䣬ְҵֻҪãص㣬бʶȣҪμӡǷ룬ʱΪһڡ
Ȼǵһ飬ǵڶɸѡĺϸѡ֣յİѹءȷϡ
һа׵֮ĿԱȫ˷ܵĴһȻæˡ
Ҳ׼һڵʱ䣬ȥѰһЩ

ϹڡȻ˷ܡɻɶصЩصıʼˡ
һЩϲ裬ʵףΪԭ򣬶޷ЩѡĿչԼˣ˷ܲѡ
ǸȵŮӡ
һ΢ֻ֪Ȼ˼ǰ֡վĺѡֳһصӣԼǸ뿪ǰ˵һڣξڣһûʵĻᡣһܹʵ̨ʱѾˣѾ׵׼ˣҪԼѡˡ
һ죬Ǹص˵һ仰֮󣬾ת뿪ˡ
ڣ֪Ǹӿ˵ģܹʵ̨Ѿˡ
Բ߻ġ
ȿ΢ǸӵݣͻȻ֮䣬ȻһɫͻȻó죬Եü˷ܺͼ˫ֶ΢΢Щ
뵽һֿܣһֿӦòСĿܡ
һԵСܿͻȻôǲ˵ȣôˣǡԱˣҲüӰɣ
أԻǷǳ˵ȻΪСܿ㻹ǵںѡֳǸ𣿡
Сܿǵðôˣ
ȵΪǸӣûпܾ
Сܿһ˵ܰɣʲôݣôܻȥֺѡֳοǣ
ȵСܿΪĺпܣӹִ˵пԵ֪ִеˣںѡֳʵǺȻ֮ԹοңΪΪҺ㣬οңֻΪ˵ʵ̫ˡңһ֤ݣڸһЩʱ򽭽ɽ³ֹȻӦ֪򽭲ԶǸʱȫпܵġ
һ˵Сܿ˼˵һ˵Ǹصӹοһ£ȷʹ˵У·ơңȷܹоǸӾԲͨˣѵ
˷ܵпܣСܿĺпܣʵ̫ˣ
ȵȷСܿҲȸеˣ˵ȣҪ֤Ǹ˵ǲʵҲܼ򵥡
Ŷæ˵Сܿ˵˵
СܿЦڡѾʼϽһܹͨѡʱпܻڴӼ֪ǲǸص𣿡
һԼͿæԶԣϽұҪģͱ
Сܿȣ㣬һܹʵ̨



һǧʮһ 
Ѿʼ̨ȦԹۣ׼յʣΪһЦ
ʱʼԻܵ֡Ӱ죬Щڣõѡ֣Իȥ֡ѡ񵽡
Щڡ֡ѡУˢѡ֣пܻῼǱ
̨Ȧӵ˶ܹһ㣬ֻ
ӡĿԱֱǰȫأѰѡһ£Ҳڵ̨Ȧﴫˡ
ƺܹ˵ʵҲЩġ࣬ߵı˳ʵ̫ΪԷһŲòǰȫѰҡ
ݹеѡĿĿԱȥȫѰѡ֣ҲΨСһˡ
ڵ̨Ȧӵ˿ʵЩˣȦ۷׷ס
ıʼˣ׼ڽڲˡڡ֡ҲںѡҹơĿ飬ʵѡˡ
ǰǰΪҲѡһЩòڵѡ֡ϾЩòڵˣҲͬӵһǺ֡ͬ͡ʱѡˣЩòڵˣһѡǡ֡ҿą̇̄ϵĲѡֻ֣ȫЩòͨˡǺαأ֡𣿡
ٺ٣֮ǰѾջأ롶֡ͬڲĻˡӲͷƤҲֻϰ
ҹҲ֪һ鷳ˣȻȥѰø֡ϲĻӦȥѰһЩ質úãҲõѡ֡ϾΪһͨģ׼ѡ֣ĿԱ룬϶ǻܳġԭμӡ֡ǣȻȻ͸ΪμӡˡһȻ鷳Щûӣò˵ȷá
ʱҲͬᶪҸΪءΪںųƵֻʲôۡȵĿʱ̨ϵĲѡ֣һЩڵˣǾ͸ǵɣΪջЭˣʲôֻǼٵģƭ˵ġ⡣
ô˵һεĸԶˣ
ȻǰſϷɡ

̨ȦӵֻſĺϷ⵹˵ʲôԹݣһ˸Ȼǳ֣ϲԸ
Ҳ֪ڰеſϷϸ˵ҪſϷǾû˸˵ǿɲңҲԸ

ħӡ
Ӫܼ˵ʼˣģҪǶŸˡ
ֲܼһЦ˵ӲͷƤϵģѾ˵ȫѰѡȥı֣нĿԱȥѰѡֵģǲͶҽˡ
̨ƵȦ˷һҵЩʲôѡ֣һġȫЩͨģû˿ûʡЩõģǱƭڡһҪΪħӡ֡ıˡ
̨κ˵ʵˣǾ¶ֻ˼ƾͿˣɲ˶
Ȼˣ̨Ȼ֪ҪЦҲ˽￴ĸȥϵɲһλͨǣ鷳ʹˡ

ϣǣҲͬۡʼһ¡
ҲʼˣҪ֡ŸˡɰɣɰɣɵԽԽá
Ҫ˴սΪӦ֡ɡ
Ҳһ˴սϾĿڲѡֵĶλȫһֻģֻҪþˡ
ȻҪãôЩóֺÿѡ֣ǿ϶ͨ֡ĺѡġһǲǿΪμӡˣãͨûͨ֡ѡģһ䲻Ļ˵ǶǱ̭֡ģ
Ȼȫ󲿷ֱμӡˣӦ޷ڡ֡иһġ
һĿĸΰһãҲãһֻã첻㰡
ڱ濴ȷΪڻǲҪ½۵ĺáϾԲ߻ĽĿ˵ʲôϲأ
ſɣĿĸˣɱֻС֡˼ˡ

۷׷ףѶΪĿǰơ
ȻҶ֪еʦѡѧԱȿ㣬ǣʦѡѧԱĳʲôӵģڴҵԺûи
ͬڡģʽҲͬûиڴҵǱʶȻѡģʽͬĿĴģʽ
ڰѡ롶֡ԱʱֱӾûпĿģʽϵĲͬȻΪˡ



һǧʮ Сĸ
ڡʼһ£һҪȺ壬Ҳͬ۷׷ףǱЩѾͨˡ֡ѡѡ֣Щ׼Ҫȥμӡ֡ѡѡ֡
˵ǡ֡ͬĿҪͬڲǶЩģһ֡֡Ĺڡ
ǲμӵѡĿȻϣԽԽãǾڸǰ¶յĳɼ룬ҲûгĻᡣ
˵ڻ˵ǷǳҪġ
ڡͻҪǵĹڣȻЩǡ
ܵ˵һǱֹ۵ģ˶Ϊܹ߶ٵĹڡ
ֻǣЩҪȥμӡ֡ѡҼܹȷͨѡ˵Ƕһԥ
룬ҪҪμӡ֡ĺѡΪμӡ
ϾԲ߻ĽĿڲ翴ãĲ߻߱Ͼ
ҲʼˣҵӦѡ֡ǡ
ҿʵܺѡԼòţǾȥ֡ܡԲ߻ĽĿĶλעˣʽԶԶȲ֡ԣһѡȻǡ֡㳤һ㣬ͨ֡ĺѡǾֻȥˡ
ƺȷĸȷƣȿǡ֡ɡ

˵õ˴˵Ͽɣԥһ֮󣬻ѡˡ֡
ǿֳ̨֡Ӹ˵ҪԶԶ̨
Ҳ˶ѡģһлʫŮӡ
лʫ꣬22꣬質ĺãıʶȺܸߣøǷǳƯԭѾˡ֡ĺѡ
ڣȥμӡ֡ĺѡˣҪμӡ
лʫΧˣȫеǳĲ⡣
С꣬ƾܹͨ֡ѡȡòĳɼΪʲôҪȥμӡأ
ǰС꣬㿴϶ڡۣɵô࣬Ϊơյʣ϶ԶԶȲϡ֡ģǺαأ
߻ĳԣ϶ǼõģΪЩͨˣṩһʵĻᡣЩͨ˵ǡʲߣҲȷһᣬҲûѡ񡣵㲻ͬС꣬ôŲ̛֡
Χ˷׷Ȱ˵лʫ겻ҪȥȻлʫȴ΢΢һЦ˵Ҳ˵ȷģһǾȥҲ֪Ϊʲôһľֻڤڤ֮еһָоԣǾͲҪȰˣҲıġ
Χ˼лʫ̬ȼתսߣȥȰ˵лʫĸĸϣлʫĸĸܹлʫı
ǣлʫĸĸʾ֧ŮľԸŮľ档
Χ޿κΣȫ׷̾Ϣлʫһľ

ӡ
Դӡʼ֮󣬱У½յȫصıѡǣԳС
ĿһԱЩԳСϸɸѡĿԱѾֱǰȫأѰýĿҪġȥˡ
Ҳͬ뿪˴ʡ˻ϱߵĻʡ
ʡûʲôԭֻѡһطڻʡһСϡ
С򲻴󣬽Щɫ㣬ߵĽҲ㣬Һ١
СΧܿһζιųǽĶϱڲԫ泤̦Ұݣһ֮⡣
С˵ĸоȴΪ֡
ӦǡС꼯ĴǣӸ뵽С֮С
˱ű¨˵Ҳ˿֣˫ֱڱƵţ˽٣Ӻһ͵ҪһЩ
ű¨ˣ¨һ㶼ǿյģϼġ
Щˣһ㶼װжԸ߲ˡΪԼֲ߲ˣļġ
һЩõˣδѾ׼ĶˣȻϲ̵ĵſ˵ʱķ뿪
뷱ĴȣСһȤζϲСһ֮С
ǰСʱļУɽ缯ÿ꼯ʱ򣬱ӵġ
ƵⲽСһ·ϣ˽˳Ϊ֡
ʱһƳĸע⡣


һǧʮ 
棬Ӧǵصһ裬û
˼֮󣬷ָʵҲЩ˼
ȻȤĲǸʣǳˡ
Ÿķȥܿҵ˳֮ˣһʮ꺺ӣһķȥ
տҲѾĻڻؼҡ
ʱ仹磬9㣬ôеĶ꺺Ӹ߸ԭ
ʱ䣬һЩһЩˣδߵ
٣ϹԶԶľڳ裬Ҿ֪ⲻȻˣôˡһͬŵӣ꺺ӭĺݺ˵
ݺӵĵװ߲ˣóҲǵСȥ߲˵ġ
ֻԱȽˣ꺺ӶѾȥˣδߵС
꺺ֹͣ˳裬ǹһЦ˵ȷ˿ֱͣӾòˣʣһЩҲܿˡ壬е
塱ĺݺ˵ǰϱ鵢ˣԸܰЩꡣ
꺺ӵϣԸҲ
ݺӵͷ˵ϹɤӺЩˮƽƽʱû¶Ҳϲϼɤӡ˵иʲôĽĿڱϹҾҲȥϼɤӣ˵ϵء
꺺ҡͷ˵壬ҵȷϲϼ䣬ҸоҲУҲֶѣĸʲôĿȥ˵˼ЩĿЩÿȥģҾһׯڵũǸʸ񣿡
ݺֵϹͲ֪˰ɣ˼ĿЩĿһ˵ֻҪ質úþУʲôʲôࡢ֮Ķ
꺺ӵ壬ⶼ˭˵ģôܻĽĿֲûڵϿЩĽĿ㿴Щ̨ϳˣһᣬֺÿ
ݺӵ˵Ҳǣڼ˵ģ˵ʲôĿֻҪ質úþͿȥƽʱҲϲ裬Ͷһ£Ҳ֪Ǽ٣
꺺ӵǾͲȥˣģҲȥĸʲôĿȥ裿˵壬Ͻȥаɣʱɲˡ
ݺӵϣˣϣҽҲ
꺺ӵͷͺݺӵ˱𣬼ǰߣû߼ְѸ質
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ļɿڶʱȴҪ츳ͳµϰۻ
ңܹжϵó꺺ӦýӴһЩ跽רҵ֪ʶ
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ܵĻ׼̨꺺ǡҪġ
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߽ЦǣҸո㳪裬㳪÷ǳԴ㣬˵仰֪᲻ᵢ㣿
꺺һİСӳԵúЩˣ˵ʱ仹磬ᵢġôСӣҲϲ𣿡
Ҳô˵糪ĸоƺǽܹרҵ֪ʶ
꺺΢Щ죬˵СҲⷽרҵİȷһλϸ質ңѧһʱ䳪衣ǶǶʮǰˣǸʱһλϸ質ңΪĳԭǴһʱ䡣ϲ裬һʱ䡣λϸ質ˣҲҲûмˡҵʱȴǲ˵Ҳ֪ڻڲ
ԭˣԵͷ˵Ȼһλϸ質̹һʱ䣬Ҳд˻Ե֪
꺺Ӳո˵ǸĿƺͽ˵ǸĿֻֻҪããܹǸĿҲ֪Ǽ٣
ЦȻģʵϣҲǱˣǡĿԱ糪裬ȥμǵĽĿ֪ɷԸ⣿
һ˵꺺ӸǾȣϸĴһ˵Сӣ㲻Ǳˣ˵Ŀ
ЦᣬϴطҲһʱ䣬ѧĿ
꺺ӵͷԭˣˣǡĿԱոȥμǵĽĿܹȥǵĽĿ裿
ͷȻģԸĻ
꺺һҡͷллˣСӣһǲȥˣĿôڣҲȥ衣
ЦЦҲǿݸ꺺һ뿨˵磬ǡĿ뿨šȥˣֱӵӡĿ鱨Ч10죬ӽ쿪ʼ𡣡
꺺˫ֽӹ뿨ϸĿ˿Ȼ˵õģСӣллˣȥˣҾȥ
ͷãҾͲˣϣڡ̨Ͽ硣
꺺ӵõģСټ
õģټ˵
꺺ӵͷת𣬼ǰȥ
˲ʱƳĸһδ꺺ӵﴫ



һǧʮ ҹ
꺺ԽԽԶҲԽԽСعͷ˿꺺ӵĵıӰЦЦ
ϣܹȥ̨ɡ
һСһЩϲӣ
׼һطȥȥѰҺʵġ
ʱ򣬷ֱǰȫصĽĿԱҲ½ʼջ
ǷкʵġʱڽĿĽȺͨ֡Ƶȷʽнѷֵġ
ȵȷϺϸ֮Ǳʽֵġ룬ԷԸ⣬ڹ涨ʱ֮ڣ뿨ֱӵӡĿ鱨
ԣĿĽȺһֱǳ֣㱨ѰҵĹ̺ͽһҲͬ棬ΪϸѡԳС
ÿԣǱѡַ룬ѡڹ涨ʱڣĿֳԳ
鷢ֵġҪֳԳֱӽ뵼ʦѡЩѡ֣ҪһֳԳ

һ飬ǶԱڻŬѰźϸġǸеæµʵ˷ܶڴ
һڵʱת˲ţһڵʱշת˶طʼλ꺺֮½⼸ȤġҶǷ롣
⣬ʱһ飬ǱǳɹΪĿҵ˹̣ΪǧԪ
΢ۣ˵ĿѾʽѡֳѡ׶ΣԤ10󿪲һڡ
ȫҵ̹̣ǧԪҵжȵȵá
Ϣ̨Ȧӵ˲⣬˵ȥǧ
ֻǣ̨Ȧӵ˲ΪһҵԸͶǧ򣬸һ翴õĽĿ
ǧƾֻԼˣ̨Ȧӵֻ
˵ϢǴΪˣһֽĿҪǧĹѣҲ̫˰ɡ
Ҫ֪һֽĿ˵һҲͼʮ򣬳Ķ٣ġ֡Ҳֻа˰
ڡĹѣֱӱǧʨӴ󿪿ڣǮǮ
۸񣬾˲˾ҵһЩԭҪҵھԲ֨ˡ
ʵҲȷˡ
һϵҵԭйĴ㣬ڡãϾԲ߻ĽĿǾֵùġ
ҲѯĿڹ飬Ŀش˵ǵϢ
ҲֻÿʼϢ죬ڵȵصϢ
ܣΪĹˡ
Ŷˣ۶٣ҹӦòͣ200򣿻300򣿡
ܣֻôࡣ
ţҲϾ500򣿡
١ٶһ0
һ0ʲôһ05000򣿡
ǵģܣ5000򡣡
⡭ôȥ
ֿܶˣȻǲˣƵȫܶҵз
ǧĹѣȷʵ˾ҵ
ϣ۷׷ףǾȣסΪʲôҪôߵͶʣ
ȻǸӾȵģϢ˵ʵѾͶǧˡ
ǧټϹǧһڵĳͶʰ
һƬȻ⵵ĿΪʲôҪôߵͶʣ
ҪǣͶôߵĽĿ翴ã˲֪˵ʲôˡ
ֻ˵Ǯԣû¾Ͳ߻һҪͶһڵĽĿ档
˵ҲԣֲǻԼǮһڵͶʣһǴӵģһǹ̵ġ
ȻǰҵԸ⻨ǧ
˵ʵҲΪҵԸ⻨ǧǼҵܵԴ¿ˣԸȥһԩͷֻǮԼӡġ
ʵϣһҵԸ⻨ǧ
һ̳ҵ۵ٷ棬۵Ѿ봨ӡ˺Э飬ǧҹ
ͬʱҲͬ΢֤ʵϢ
̹һ³䶨һҵԸȥԩͷ
ϢһȻø顣
̨Ȧӵ˸е˼飬껹ҵԸͶǧ
ǰдӣ۵궼Ǳ¿ɵ˰ɣôôױԻֻǮԼӡģ괿ǮǮ
ҲãȵʱʲҵӺ۵Ѫ޹ʱǾ֪ǮվԼӡˡ



һǧʮ һ׼
̨Ȧӵ˸е˼飬ȫҵǸе⣬ʵ벻ף۵ôͻǧͶʡ
۵ǮǧҲԲһСĿǿġ
ҪǣѪ޹ĻʧǧʵСؼϹҲסˡ
õǧˮƯһ£ʱһᱻȫҵΪЦ˵۵߲һε۹Ҳ̫ˡ
νأ۵ƫƫ͹ˣȫҵԴ۷׷ף̬ȸвͬ
Թ֮䳰ȷ֮Ľ֮
У䳰ȷ߾Ӷ࣬Ϊ۵һȫ֪ĴҵƽʱĽʺ޵ҵν١
ڣò׵ȵ۵һ޴ľȻҪץס䳰ȷһ˳۵һεͶʣΪѪ޹ΪȫҵЦ
ͨ˵˸е֮⣬ûʲô뷨ҵԸ˵ҲǺ¡
ΪǾܹҼ֤ʷϵһͶʴﵽһڵѡĿһʲôӵĽĿ
ò˵ΪͶʽع⣬ʹǶԡڴһЩ

̱ȷһ£͡Ŀ˵ֻһʱеһ
ڣһڵʱѹȥȫصĽĿԱ̻ص˴ӣǻٶЩջ
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ιЦˣˣʵˡ
ֵ̨ˣǽĿԱࡣ
εԱȻҲˣ̨ΪǽĿ칦
Ц˵Ļ̨ǰ׼ˣĻĿһڲ֮Ϳףˡ
ǹһЦ˵ãðʱһҪһ
˵һ֮θ뿪
Ŀ飬ͽĿԱ˼֮󣬶ԴһڵĹʾͿ϶нĿԱþϲ̵ġ
󣬵ƽ˵ǴѡУѡ126ˣѾ֪ͨ쵽ֳ̨Գ⣬ĿǰΪֳֹ뿨Ŀˣһ36ˡ
ŶȤ˵鷳ֳ뿨ǰ˵ҿһ¡
ЦҾ֪ȤѾ׼ˡ
˵꣬һݸ
ӹ˵ллȻĿ䵽ϡ
һڵʱ䣬һ˾ˣЩ˻ҲЩڴ
ܿ죬һϤ֣ʢ
СǸ꺺ӣڻˣֳЦ⡣
½Ϥ֣ľ֮УѾˡ
ǰ޻죬֪ʣµˣ᲻ǰ
һʮˣ֮⣬ʮҲ˽⡣
ΪԱڷ뿨֮ǰȫȷϹ
Աݻƽ˵ˣǶź𣿡
еġǡȻʮӦѡ֣ĿҪǵʳ޵ġ
ˣһʡ
ƽźˣ
ͷֵǵλʦÿҪѡ12ѧԱҲ൱ڣһ48λѡֽʦäѡݶڻڣÿڰ20ѡֲܹҪ100120ѡֲѾȷ36ʣµıѡԳȷԸȷԤ𲻴󡣡
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֮ǰ豸ɹԱ˷ܵ˵ǵ豸Ѿȫװˣܹ1250Ԫüһȫ豸⣬İѵʦҲͬѾˡ
ͷõģˣصĹԱϤ豸ֱֳܳһ
֮ǰ˴ģֲ
ͷ֮˻㱨һڵĹе⡣
ˣе׼ѾȫֻѡֳԳĽ¯ˡ

ڶһ磬㵽˵̨ѡֳԳĿ˵Ҫ
ԣҪ԰ѹء
ˣĿԱȻҲˣ׷׺кҲһһӦ
ƽ˵һٶԳѡ֣ѾǷֱڲͬʱǰֳǵԳ8뿪ʼڵһѡѾˡ
ͷãѡǴԳʱһ㣬ҪţʱίͿˡίһ㣬ѡûô׽š
ƽͷȷˣܵ
ʱ825֣ѡǵԳʼ



һǧʮ ټ
ֳԳ̨
һѡѾȡϳ˳ϳǰ׼ԼԼǧҪš
ǷǳϧһλᣬЩѡĿĴţ˵ǹرյģֻСĴǳ
⵵Ŀô˥˵һμΪѵõĻᡣ
֪᲻Եίÿһѡֵﶼʡ
뵽пܻԵίǽŵʼƽ
ǵһԳѡ֣ʹǽţϲ裬ûµʱڼҲεȥμѡĿ
һҲûȥΪòʵͨЩͷЩԱȥμѡĿ
ֱͻһ˿ϣҲμӵ
ԣˣܽš

ԳֳƽѾƽ˿ʱ䣬Ѿ8룬ԱߵһλԱ˵ʼɡ
Աͷõģ
󣬹Աȥ˺̨׼ѡ˵ֳԳڿʼҲҪţһҪԼˮƽڣ1ѡ
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ѡͨ߳ԳֳŬԼҪţίϯˣһѾ˵ĵƽһһӣէ֮Щͨ
𣿡ǳ֪⣬ѯʣֳֻλίͻȻ֮ûôˡ
ֻ̨һֻ˷һѼѡֶ峪ûаࡣ
ἪĻԵԳ
λʦãҽһҽܡ
ƽЦЦ˵õģ㿪ʼɣǵһԳѡ֣ϣ㲻Ҫţܹ˳ͨΪǽԳһͷ
мллһġ
һԱһֱû˵һ£վ˷ǰʼݳ
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˵Сܿںܽţһѡ̨ʱҪŵöࡣ
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ʱйԱŴҵĳ˳õԼĳ˳򣬱ѾƽģĪĽ
ԳѡһһĳΪɹ˷ܡҲΪûнźʧ䡣
Ȳ֪Լ᲻Щûʧ䣬Գˡ
վСܿһ͵Ķȵͷ߽ѡͨ
ѡͨȴо˺þã߳ͨһ˲䣬ͻȻǰδеļһοˣֳǸӡ
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Ȼ֮ǰѾȷˣվҲֻǲ²⣬ڣڰٷ֮ٵ֪˴𰸡
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һ仰ʼȵһʣĿᶨ˵ǵģѾ׵׼ˡ



һǧʮ ѡȫȷ
ȵĻشܼᶨ˵ͷƽԽԽɻ̲סСʵʶ𣿡
Ц֡ĺѡֳһΡ
֡ĺѡֳƽųΪͨȣ˼һЩʲô
˵ȣ㿪ʼɡ
ȵͷվ˷ǰʼԼݳ
һڣֻǵһЦƽȴǴһʲôŮȴ
ңִһ㶼ŤҲûһ㲻ֻĻƽԲһŮġ
ȻƽֻǾȶѣ֣磬ŮֻŮȷǴڵġ
Ҫ֪ڴͳϷУеһǱŮ
һŮܹ˻ȻɣԼĳ̶ȣǼ亱ġ
ƽЩΪʲôȲˣڡĿ˵ѡֱ֣Ƽѡ֣ƽǳϲ
ܿ죬ȳգЩĵŽƽһۣƽ˵ȣϲ㣬ˡ
ǣллллһֱڼС
ЦЦ˵ͣһĳɼ
æллһŬġ
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뿪֮ƽ˷ܵ˵ѡ֣һܹӽĿĿ㣬ʱǹڻλʦǳľȰɡ
ͷûˣѡǽĿǳҪѡ֡
ƽͷԺԳӵڴ
ԳֳڴСܿȳæȥߵʵȣô𣿡
ȽץסС֣ܿ˷ܵˣСܿҼˣʵ̫ˡ
СܿһͬԵü˵Ȼģһûк˵ʲôϵɣ˻УӦý˰ɣ
ȵ˵ҡ
һС˵ţһԽԽԶʱ򣬽Գĵѡ֣Ҳ½ˡ
һѡУһѡʮֵעĿĸҲΪƯǸִҪŮӣлʫꡣ
лʫһںѡУǺȺĴڣһѡ̲ס˽
ҪɻлʫΪʲôȥμӡ֡Ҫμӡ
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лʫԼĳ˳򣬾ĵȴţġ֮·һ̱Ѿʼ
û̫ʱ䣬ֵ΢΢³һ߽ѡͨ
߳ͨһ̣ƽ˾۾һҲЩһƯŮμԳ
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лʫҽ֮ƽ˵õģлʫ꣬ʮֳɫϣҲܹͬɫ
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лʫȷܳɫʶȺܸߣȻЩ覴ãĿռܴһλѧԱ
лʫȻҲͬɹˡ
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ʱ䣬ҲһλλѡֵԳйȥĵʱ126ѡȫԳ
Գƽʱϣ˵126ѡԳȫ68ѡֽ
ʳ˰ٷ֮ʮ⣬Цʷǳ68ѡ֣ټЩֱӱѡ֣һѡ͹ˡ
ƽԵú˷ܣ˵ǰѾˡֱѡ֣쵽ĿǰΪֹǰ36ˣһ41ˡ޻죬ӦûǰӦܳ50ˣڼͨԳ68ˣ120ң֮ǰԤࡣӣǵ
ͷȷڲѡּѾȫȷʣµͼˡ



һǧʮ ѡͬʱ
ѡֳԳ֮ʱֹȥ졣
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Ҳ˵еѡѾȷֳ뿨56ˣֳԳ68ˣһ124ˡ
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Ҳ˵1ŵ20ѡ֣һڵ̨ݳ21ŵ40ѡ֣ڶڵ̨ݳԴơ
Ͳһ⣬ǳ鵽ǰźãǳ鵽źã
⵹Ǻ˵˵ǰĿܻһЩ
ʦѡѧԱʱһһǾҪȵٿ滹ûиõģ
Ͼÿλʦֻѡ12ѧԱÿһѧԱǳ
ԣ˵˳򿿺ָоҪ΢һЩ
ֻһʮѡ˵ִһգǱڵ100ѡֳ֮λʦѧԱѾѡˣǾûǺЩѡʲôˡ
Ҳ˵ǻûϳݳѾʧȥ˱ʦѡеĻᡣ
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124ѡȫգλʦѧԱûûлټѡѧԱ
ԣʦӦǻȵ124ѡȫǳġ
ǣǰѡ̫ãʦἤңľ12ѧԱ
СʵЩûлõǳѡ֣Ҳֻˡ
һ仰˵һЩʱҲʵһ֣ǳǩ鵽ųʲô취أ
һݲ
124ѡȫ˳ǩ˻ϲԴһЩź
һλĿԱ˵ǧҪסԼ鵽ĳţ1ŵ20ŵѡ֣ڵһڽĿǳݳһڽĿֱʱһ֮Ҳ520ϰ˵㡣쿪ʼһѡֿʼΪһڵѵ
һڵʱ֮ڣҪֶʦȷϺǽҪݳĿͰ࣬ǷҪֶʦæ±ȵȡڶڵֱʱ֮һڣڶѡͬҪΪһڵѵԴȥҶ𣿡
ףһѡ
ѡǽɢȥ
ƽԶѡȥƽп˷ܶڴ˵Ҫʼˡ
ЦǰҪʼˣڶǵĽĿ𣿡
УУˣˡƽϽ»شˣͬʱҲԼǰ۹ôôأ
ЦЦ˵֡Ǳߵôˣ
ƽѡڼǰѾȫħӵĹٷϢǵĵһڽĿ¼ƽУʱ仹ûоȷҹǵĲʱ䣬пܻǵʱغϡϾϰ˵㣬ֽĿĻƽʱ䡣
Ĳʱ仹ûȷѵǵȹһڵĲʱ䣿ӣǵĲʱ䣬ǺпܻغϣǻѡغϡȻˣǾ繫棬ǽĿĵһڲʱˡ
һ˵ƽ룬ҲħǱߵ˼
ħáʣõ̶ȵĽ͡
Ҳáʣ̶Ƚ͵Ѱ취
ǵ̨֮ҵЩпᣬû⡣
ƽڶԡν˾Եģģ˷ܵ˵ðǾȹ沥ʱ䣬ħͬʱ䲥Ǿɡ
ŶЦЦ˵ǳİ
ƽЦǵȻˣˣλʦҪҪ벥ʱһ𹫿λʦݣѾˡ
룬˵λʦȲżǺҪ̨ǵȵٹ
ƽͷõģȹһڽĿʱ䡣
ͷ˵õġ

Ľչһ˳֡ĽչҲͬһ˳
֮ǰ֡ȫѡԲ콫еһ¼Ƶ׼ҲѾȫɡ
ħӳٳûй棬֡һڵľ岥ʱ䣬ڵŴȹ棬ĵһڲʱ䡣



һǧʮ ײʱ
ħӡ
̨κʵǱߵôˣ
ֲܼ˵Ϣ˵չĵͦ˳˵ѡֵѾȫȷˡ
ӪܼƲмһЦ˵ȷȷˣ˵Щ棬ЩѾóͨˣֱǳó󡣲ˣЩǲмˣҪ̨60Ĵүҵ죡ѡĿֱȺħ衣Ļ棬ֱǻϹ㣡ڵǰġ㡯ƻҵӡ
̨ܹһЦ˵ǡųƵֻ˼ֻģѡЩˣǳϣѵãѵðֱѡĿеһϧעֻܹ·͡
ͬһЦ˵ЩƯֺõˣȥǾѡһЩƯˣҲѡͿȥѰҵЩ棬ûôƯˣ
κ˵ۣһЦ˵˵׼ֱֳ
ƵͷȷϢ˵ģϹ㣬ֽĿ벻ڵļȣܵøǵθڣ£ɿɿ֮ģֱʽⲻ𣿡
Цһ˵϶⣬ûֽĿҸҲ֮СֻǣĿӦöǾȻûֹϹ㡣ӣǶäĿΡ
äĿΣǸͲͶǧ̨еϧ
Ƶѡ棬ֱֲʽټ籾Ϳ˥Ѿ֪ˡȻˣǾٸһڣ³ǲпģ˭ǾȻ󵨵ͬڲ
ܵͷȷˣѡͬڲǾѡͬʱ䲥ǵʲҲ̶õʱҲֻܹԼ
κܲӹһ٣Ҫǵг̶ˡ㹻еĻӦܹǳٳûйĲʱһϣʲôĿġôǾͿѡȹ沥ʱ䣬Ϊǲһֱǵʱ乫档
ܵȷˣǿǵĿģѡȴ˫ڵȶԷȹʱ䣬ǿ϶ǵȲǵġϾǵĽĿĿϵ̫áֻĻЩźˡ
ƵǾҪǵ̶ˡ
ʱ̨Ž˵̨Ѿˣһڲľʱˡ
ŶѾˡκܡơʮϲǸող˵ʱһ£һת۾˺Ϣ
ܹһЦ˵ӶԷг̶ȲȻ˵ĻǾ͹ֲˡǵһڲʱǶ٣
520ϰ˵㡣
ЦֽĿѲʱ䣬ѡʱ䲢֣Ȼʱ䣬ȻҲҪѡʱġ
ơͬʱ˵Ҷѡʱ䣬û˭˭
ܵȷˡ

֡롶ĿײʱԽԽĿҲԽԽע
ĿĹٷϢ֮⣬һЩСϢҲͬôҽֵ
磬СϢƣĲѡԱѾȫȷֻЩѡһòĴݣǾ档
ͨǳѾˣؼ˵Ҫ̨Ĳмˣ60Ĵүⶼʲôʲô
ǶԲм˺ʹүƫĲʺѡ̨
ԴѾ²ۡ
ȻЩСϢǼ٣ö֪
˶ΪӦǼϢĸڡļһŪġ
ֻҲòм˺˳ǡ
˶СϢ֮⣬ٳûйλʦݣЩˡ
ȻáǶλʦݲȤ
ңҵʿλʦӦò򵥣㲻öһ߾ǣһ֡
ϾĲ߻ֵһˣ˭˭Ҳøӡ
ôҶλʦݸڴ
λʦ֮⣬һ֪ǣĿľ岥ʱ䡣
˵ĿڽھͻᲥ̨ӦѾ繫棬Ŀľ岥ʱˡ
ڣ֡ʱ䣬Ҳʱ䣬ʲô
ңĿͬڲ׵̬ѾǳԣӦȹ沥ʱ䣬ռȻ
³۷׷ס
۷׷׵ʱ򣬴ȳ˹棬һڽĿ520ϰ˵㣬ֱֳ



һǧʮ ڴٴζһЩ
ȹˣһڲľʱ䡣
ӴӵĹУ֪˾Ĳʱ֮⣬֪һǳҪϢ
ֱֳ
ȻҪֱֳһֽĿֱֳûֽĿ
Ҳ˵ֱԽĿҪǳߣܳһĲؼǼȻֽĿôڵļǱزٵġ
һʮֽĿ˽Ŀ֮⣬ҪǿĺڼһЩЧһЩЦɿƬεȵȡ
ֱĻеĺֶξͳͳûˡ
Ŀ˵ֶΣֻܿĿˡ
Ͳ翴ãϹ㣬Ĵ
ֻ˵߻һĿûпʵ⣬ֻǴΪЩ룬ȴ޷ͨЩѡչҵˣṩһչҵ̨
һӺ۵ɾԩͷˣһͶǧ꿴ҪˮƯˡ
ӵ򹫸Уֱֳʽȫ˲ʱķͷȫ۷׷ס
̨Ȧӵˡ
ҲֱֳĴԾȻģӽˮ˰ɡ
ٺ٣ǾкһӾѾˮˡ
һҵ룬ѡѡ֣ĴԣӦҲˡ
ͱ翴˥ѡֶ棬һֱֳҪֽ֤Ŀʣûֻи𣿡
˿Ҫһ־ˡ֪λʦڵʲôӵģ
ʲôӣп£룬ȴƫƫֻܾܾӲͷƤϡ
ȤˣĴͬʱ̨ȴҲ̶ã氡ǵ˷˿Ҳըˡ
ѽѾȲģҪˡ
ٺ٣Ҳǡ


ȦǸȦӡ
軪ķڲ밡ȥʹĲôִƾǿ϶ˡҪΪ˲Ƕȥ˵˵˵ǲ뵣εʦˣȥС¶
ԶԶԣҲСҲ¶ȥεʦ
軪Ͻ濼һҵĽ飬ҲΪǺá
һôҲһ߾ǣܲеڲ٣˵ǵСˣôȥ
ǰǶɶµģǰͱٶЩ˼ˣǣûţǣֻ֤ǸʺϵεʦǾʵʵڵӻǰѡѧԱɡ
˵òǰô˼ҲáвһڵʱͿʼˣֱֳѽڴ
˵ûڴ
هNɪ


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ֱȻҲֽĿҲֽ֪Ŀĺܶ࿴㣬ǿڼġֱ۵ǧҪˮƯˣ
Ǻ°۵һֱڼ۹׼һοճ
۵һγΪЦ̸


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Ҳֽ֪Ŀֱʽն˫ۣ൱Զڿ㣬ĽĿʽͳͳ
ȷһľ
ֱҲ¼ԶԶȲ˵ƣǱǹǿֱʱĸо뿴¼ĸоȫһ
¼ﶼ֪Ѿ¼ƺõˣһֽѾעĸо
ң췽ԽĿαܣܻһЩСϢй¶һٶ֪һЩ
ٻӰһЩҶںĿڴ
ֱĸоȫһһжʵʱģ˭Ҳ֪һᷢʲôȻ͸Ӳ֪ʲôӵˣ
ָоǿ¼ĿԶеģǸױ˷ܺڴ
ҪһڣϲֱǸϲ¼
ʮ֮˾Ŷǣϲֱ
ǿĸоЩƣ»زԶûпֱм飬˷ܡ
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20λѡ֣ԽԽǽš
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õģû⣬һܹ
Сٰص豸һ£Ҫһʧ
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Ҫ˵ĿԱ˭ţ˭У
Ȼˣ⵵ĿģѾˣýģҲѾȫˡ
ƽֳָɣжȣǳ⣬һܹӷˡ
̨ҲһݲֳŽĿԱݲæµΪֱ׼ʵҲЩš
⵵ĿͶǧˣ̨λþԻ᲻
ȻԵûпĽ޷ٷ֮ٵķġ
ң⻹ֱֳʱʲôǴӾҪ׵ΪЦ̸ˡ
ȻǹģġײóɹӵӰԻһµ̨ס
εҲǰĸǡ
Խ˵ڴҲЩŵԭ
ĿݲɨһȦ˷ƵﰵһΪɶʹﲻַƵľأ
Ϊ⵵Ŀĳɼ
𰸾Ƿ񶨵ģд˵Ŀĳɼ֪Էǳɼ
֮ƵֻΪžԵţҲΪԵŵƽŽĿԱ20λǳѡ֡
Ҳ˵Լ۹ⲻῴˡ
һֳ˼Ѵﵽľ磬֪ҲŲСľ롣
ЦгԽż˴ڡ
˵ϾҪʼˡ
ͬЦ̨ƺһš
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θ̾һ˵ͷ
ʱһλĿԱ߹˵λʦˡ
ŶЦֱǵݲ
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εͷȷǲ٣̨豸ܹ˽ǧ򡣡
λʦզզ࣬Ц֪ΪʲôҪһڵͶˣǻ豸ϵǮѾһʼĻˡ
ںЩڴ˵豸豸ʣӦ÷ǳܰɣ
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ȻİѵʦεĻͬͣÿһѵ۶150ʵ˵һûôӣǵĸð
150ӣһӾͻ150򣿡ȫ¶֮ɫǮǮ˭ĽĿɰ
ֽĿͶҲû150ɡ
һӵĻѣͳ˼ҵͶʣֲҪһڵͶء
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ЦҪȥģҲҪǰϤʦΣ͹ȥɡ


һǧʮ 
ݲ
Ρ軪Ʒơںˣһ̨ǰĵʦΡ
ոԶԶҲܹİѵʦξ̨ǰòС
߽һ軪Ʒơں˿оǺ150ģŵĸоǲһ
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軪ߵԼǰЦȥһԸо
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Ƭ֮˵оȷǳˡ
ЦЦԽƷơں˵ҲȥһԣťҪϤһ¡
˾ǵͷ軪һܵģǱѾЩԾԾˣһ˵⡣
ҲߵԼǰȥȻͬһ
ЦֱǸɫť˰ɣǸťӾͽתһٰʮȡ
˵ͷȫְ˺ɫťԲٶȣתһٰʮȣɱ̨תΪ̨
оô
軪ЦоǳãѾȲҪĿʼˡ
ƷơںҲͬʾǵĶԽĿҲѾǳȲˡ
ЦѾ뵹ʱˡ

ĿڽŶæµ׼ţ֡Ŀȴ쳣У¼ϰ˵ʱֱӲ¼ƺõƵͿˡ
ȻУȻⲻ۷׷ס
ĿڹѾæ˰ɣǿ
˭ҪĸʲôֱأԼԼ
æһ˺ͿʱʻҲ̶ãʵǿ
㵽ϰ˵ɣѾǳȲˡ


6㣬ĿĿСʱʱ䣬ϵҲﵽ˸߳
СʱͿʼˣѾƲסЩ˷ˡ
°࣬ؼҳԷȻȽĿʼҲҪϰĿҡ
Ҫϰ˾ͶˣֻҪܹ׼ʱ°ͺã˵׼һĿ
Ȼǿ֡ˣÿһڴѾˡ
϶ǿ֡ѡֳ־ЩഺĿŮżֱܡ
ȷ֡ǾԵܣЩ棬Ͳþᡣ
֧ġһѡ񿴡֡Ⲣìܡ
˵ûҿ֡Ҳ֧
֡ѡĿȷ򿪷ʽȻǿ֡ˡ
Ӿˣѡ񿴡֡ٺ٣Ҳһ
˭ĿҪͬһʱ䲥أʱҿ϶Ҳǻ֧һ¡ģĿͬʱǾֻܷˡ
ȷʵұҲ˵Ҫ֧֡ģ˭֪ĿȻѡͬһʱ䲥ֻܶԲ𡶺ˡ
Ӧܿ֡ŶԣĻʲ˵߶٣߸ٷ֮ʮ϶ûġ
˼ҡȹ沥ʱ䣬֡ŽŹģǡ֡ѡ롶ͬһʱ䲥ģͽͬĿ֮ľֻ˵ͦùģȻ֡ԡ
Ҳ֡֡ҵǡжȲߣжȸߣӦܹǰϤ֡ıȻ롶֡ţ˭ȹ沥ʱ䣿֡ӦǺĲġ
ˣ˵ЩʲôãϣһЩȥ֧֡ɡ

ϵ˶ѡ񿴡֡һЩҲ㿴ˣȴΪĿͬһʱ䲥òѡ
λʦ˷˿ǿֻЦȻͬһĴͬʱ󣬳Щ˷˿֮⣬Ҳ˶ѡ񿴡
ʽ᲻ѵʵǸܸıˡ
λʦΪҲ޷ˡ
ܹھѧԱĵʦܹõһĸĸԲ
λʦ˷˿ǣ޲һеԸϣԼżµѧԱܹܹھ

֡ĿԱ̨Ȧӵˣȫҵʱϵ޲еǳֻ
Ȼ֮ͬǰΪ˶ѡ񿴡֡
һǾԵˡ
Բ߻ųͶʴﵽһڣĴ󶥼Ľȴֻܳһס
һ˵ԽԽ˷ܣԽԽֻ·ѾˡΪЦ̸
ǵ飬֡ĿԱ̨ȦӵˣȫҵֻУʱϵ750֡
ĿĿĵʱ



һǧʮ оǴ
Ŀ10ʱ䣬ĹѾ˵ӻǰ
ǰĵڲŵĶħӡ
ħΪĴ֮ףǳߣҲѾϰտħӡ
ڣһ֡һײʼиĹڣѵƵѡħӡ
ħҲͿʼԤȣ鲢ï߸ȾĹʣλίʦĸֽܣѡѡƵƬȵȣͣķţһڹǵģõղܣڴޱȡ
۹ڡ֡ԤƬΣֱǴĴ󶯣оȥĸӺÿ
ǰ̨Ӧ´ոտһ̨ƬΣǳĴ磬ĽĿֵڴ
ոǸ·ӴҶ˰ɣҵ죡ģƯ֪ӻǵڼ
ֹƯҲȻֻʱ䣬ֻһ䣬ʵɡ
˺֮⣬ѡƬƵֵѡ֣Ҳһ˧Ůһڵǳֱ̫߰ڴˣ
ǰѡĿѡĿЩѡĿͱȲ˵ġ
찡ԤƬΣȲˣ10ӵʱҲˡ

˴ӵԤƬΣǶԼʼŵġ֡һڣӵȲˡ
ò˵ֽĿ¼һƣѽһЩʵľͷ߻棬ǰųڡ
ֻ߹ŪһЩؾͷĳλŮѡֵʺţֻùǿĵȵȡ
Щֶξ԰ѹŪʮֵͣ;Ҫ̨ҲΪǳ뿴Ǹӣ׳ʲôģ̨
ЧνǷǳĲ
ֱǾûʹЩֶˣȻҲǰ¼һЩƵƬΣΪֱĹϵֱͷĻ棬֮ǰ¼ƵĻ治ȫһЧ潫ۿۣѾû̫ıҪ
ԣȻҲڶԡԤȣԤȵĻЧȴԲ硶֡
ȻӰƺΪڰѵƵӵĹڲࡣ
ңһЩ˻뿴һЩ̨Ȧӵˡ
֮԰ѵƵлӣֻҪԼ֤һ£ΪЦ̸Ŀʼ
Щ뿴ĹڣһЩΣڸ涼ơ
ŴϽǣ̫ϤĴ̨꣬룬ƾˣϤӵ̨ɣħӱֱر𡣡
رҲһһӣһĩӣ֮䱾ûпɱԡ
˵ʵĲϰ߿ӣо̫İˡ
ǰҪ̨Сϡ֣һ治ʶǴӡ
ӵĴڸʵ̫ˣҹƺܶനʡˣƽʱῴӡ
̨֮ʵ̫ˣоڸ涼ơ
ϣܹһЩϲɡ


ӻǰտӵĹΪɥϵ̨һݲֳĹǣȴǼΪ˷ܡ
ϵ̨һݲܹ5500ڣѾϯ
Ȼ粢áҲ˵ѡտ֡ӴĹڻ˵ֻһС뿴ҲǲСġ
Ŀֳ5000Ʊһߺܿͱһա
ߵ㣬ֱʼһСʱʱֳƱĹڱѾ½
һֳʱͱ˷ܣĴ̨˵Ӿмǿһ֡һΪɹĽĿĸо
ţǴ
ǸоǴܹùǸе˷ܡ
ȻùǸе˷ܵԭ򣬲ֻ̨̨ǰİѿȥΪ߶˵ӡ
ӦþǴ˵еĵʦˣÿһλڶ֪
ʱİѵʦξ̨ķ̨Ĺڣܹʦε档
ʦεıдŵʦ֣ҷֱǣ軪Ʒơں
߶˴ĵʦΣʦαλǵ֣Ҳͬʹù˷ܡ
Ŀʼмӵʱ䣬ֳĹֺģ˽ۡ
ҪʼˣݲֳԲһֻܳĽĿ
ǰ߶˴ݲ֮ӴݲҲй֮޲ɡ
ǿİѵʦελãϯǳû뵽˽Ŀλǡ
һݲҾһ֣⵵ĿǾϲĸоûָо
аҲУҶ⵵Ŀ̫ڴֻΪԲ߻ĽĿֳû뵽һ߽ݲҾͻȻԽĿʮֵڴˡ
Ҳǳڴ㲻ûоϲ
ǴҾһڴɣֻмʱͿʼˡ

˷֮࣬ԽĿҲ÷ǳڴ
ʱ򣬽ĿƽݲﴫλʦˣĿ鹤ԱѡǣֳĹǶעˣעˣֱźŻʱͽ룬ڽӵʱ



һǧʮ ʽʼ
ӵʱʼֳͻȻ֮һЩͬ
ԽԽ˷ܺڴĿ鹤Աһαýţ
ͬЩţŵԭ򣬺ܴһһҪҪڲ۵ĹʱҪ20ӵʱڣ׼ȷ´ģ200ֵĹȫ˵ꡣ
һСսʱÿ춼ϰ˾Եİա
ȻѾ˾ԵİգȴȻ̲סĽš
Ȼڽ֮࣬˷ܺڴ
ַ֪ʽʣͲЩѡĿһûʲôڸУǱԶԡ
ǽᱻ·ǳ̵ӡһ̨̣ϾԵĽ㣬Ȼֻж̶20ӵʱ䣬Ѿ㹻
һιʣҲȻ˲һ벻Ч
⣬˻øߵ
ˣ˷ܶڴ

軪ƷơںλʦѾױڵʦרϢϢȴ
Ҳͬ΢΢Щţǵʦ⵵ĿаݷǳҪĽɫѡĿίαֻǶѡǵıֽе֣̭ѡ
ҪѡѧԱѧԱԼĶ飬ʱѧԱʱûѧԱѡԼǶٶǻЩ˵ġ
ԣҲͬЩš
ȻȻ˷ܣʮֵڴ

ѡֺ
20ѡҲͬһαýţǵһѡ֣Ԭʮ꣬һλˣ׳Եһδ󺺡
ֻҹȥһЩɣʮˣȥȴЩʮꡣ
ʮǰһС﷢Ҹһ뿨
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һڵʱ䣬ʦָ֮£ܹ׼Ҫݳĸ
ʵѾȫ׼ֻǵһǳѡ֣ǳĽš
ų̂ϱݹ˵͵̨ǺûеʦΪתֻһˣֵ뱾Ͳʺǳϲ衣
ҪǺѽĿˣζԵΣ
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ѡҲ׷׳˵һеʦΪתġ
Ԭ˵ͷ˺üΣϳ׼

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⣬۵ܺͼ쵼ҲֳͬҲͶǧȻҪһġ
Ҳͬһ۵ĽѾֳȫ˵ƽ
ƽʱֳָΪֱź׼
ʱѾԽԽӡӡһӣ60뵹ʱ
ʱ򣬴ӵĵӻϣҲͬ60ĵʱ档
ӻǰտӵĹǣȫһڵ60뵹ʱ
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ȻԡûʲôģȴͻȻʮֵڴ
Ȼħӵĵӻ棬Ҳͬڽ60ĵʱ
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һڵ̨ȦӵˣڿħӣҲڿӣտƵȻͬ鵹ǲ࣬ǼΪˬ
60ĵʱܿ죬ʱʣ10ӵʱ򣬴ӵĵӻ棬ʼšı־Ķ̬
һֻɫ֣һ֧ɫ˷磬ȭŹڣȻʳֱָָնΪֱ״̬
·ǡ֣ϷһС֣۵ҹ
һСζõӻǰǵ۾һоǳ
ڵӻ濪ʼű־̬ʱ򣬴ϵ̨һݲֳƽﴫԱע⣬ʱ10ӣ10982룡
һ롱ݲֳͬ棬˵ӻС
дӵĹǣֳĵһʱ̲סġۡһ
ǿһԶ棬ݲϯǰ̨ۼ磬̨ǰİѵʦθ߶˴
Ϳֳֳ⵵ĿôҲ
һڵǰĹǣֻһֳĻ棬ͶԽĿøӵڴˡ



һǧʮ ȫײһ
ӵӻѾˣֱֳźš
еĹǽһֳĻ棬ͻȻȼ˸ǿڴ
һЩտӵģ̨ȦӵˣֱʱҲһϣ룬׳۵ֳǫ̨̂ԲһǧΪֱֱֳ걩
һڵ̨ȦӵĽּʣ뵽׳۵ֳ̨ʻһҲ̶á
һýĿԵøӵĿЦ
һ룬һڵ̨Ȧӵֺ˲١
ڴӵӻ棬ֱźŵʱħӵġ֡ȻҲʽĹھһ񣬿ʼ˹ۿ

Ŀֳ
ֱź֧֮ٳ̨ϣø߿˷ܵ˵ֳĹǣӻǰĹǣϺãǽĿ١
ֳǧڣʱͻĵĸе˷ܡ
ͻȥټ˵ںõںӭȫ쵼Ʒƣ۵Ϊҹģרҵ͸質ѡĿȫײֱֳ
軪仰˵ֳ꣬ˣǵӻǰйڣȫһ㶡
ȫײȫײֱֳǴţƵİɡ
ܿ죬ַ˸ոյ뷨껹ȫײһëûС
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ȫײŵĸоһ˲Ƹޡ
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ǵҲͻȻЩΪ⵵ĿֻΪȫײĸ֡
ΪԺĽĿҲã˲ýĿԵñƸûë
ǲСջ

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͵ĽĿһ㶼ûʲôڸеģҲʲôע
ڣٵһ䡰ȫײ׵˹ǵĿ⡣
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ΪǵĿⶼٵϣԴȫٵеǳɻʲôôһɶ
ڴɻʱٿˣۣõ۵ȫ쵼Ʒƣ۵Ϊҹλʦ̤ϵ쵼Ʒ۵֮ãŲ뻥۵100ԪŻȯл۵ԱĿĴ֧֡ǵĺѧԱλλϵʦϿɣɻ۵ṩԪ𡭡
һڣֳˣǵǰйڣȫˣƵֱ̨ϵ٣˵²ͣ촽
ΪιεףεˣΪٵ١
죡ʵ̫ˣ˵Ŀ죡
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һЩǾǴ׬׬ˡ
۵ܺͼλ쵼㡣



һǧʮһ 
ֳĹĿɿڴһ飬ӻǰйҲͬˡ
֮ǰһȲһ档
ĽĿôڻ֪ȴʵģѾ»
Ϊˣһ̣ҲΪ̨ϾԵĽ㣬ô죬´ôԲһܹõģҪ̿Ĳѵ
벻ӻˣŻͦ˧İ
٣֮ǰûмҲܾ˵׼ˡ
ֳںһι棬ҪнĿУĵͷһΡ
ٺ٣ֳҲŻǹ񫡣
۵϶ЦˣЧԺã
Ŀӿʼڣ̶̲һӵʱ䣬ѾϲˣΪбҪʶһ¡ˡ
ȷӦôʶһ£ϾŸոտʼټ۲һ°ɡϾ⵵Ŀȱѡ֣ҲǽĿΨһȱݣھҲ
ȷҷԽԽڴˡ

Ǳˣտӵһڵ̨ȦӵˣҲͬˡ
Сȫײְѹ»ǲòԲ߻ĽĿ
ǲġʻ˵һȱѡ֡
ڴҵȷǸеϲѡֳһ̣ͲǾϲǾˡ
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ϲɣϲɣھǾϲһ£ȵѡֳʱ򣬾͸þˡ˵
һڵ̨ȦӵˣҲ׷ױʾͬҷǳڴ

տӵĹȺУҲҲֹѡĿˡ
ǿַʽ˵棬ѸٳΪ̨ϾԽʱͻȻһ¶
ֹͬĿȻ֪ĿˣʵЩεĴڣǵע⡣
ڣͻȻµĴ½ԭĿˣҲһܹΪ㡣
ȻڵٻԶԶȲ٣ûйϵǿԲϰ٣Ҳǿ̿ϰġ

ֱֳ
Ǻһι棬ֱֳȻһΡ
ٸֳܵգšһΡĺ֪ѾɹˣĳΪֳԵĽ㡣
ǰδе˷ܣ˸мӸ߿˵Ǿͽ̨ϣչһغֵսѰĳţѰĺ𣿡
˵ֳٴα󻶺
Сټֻ̨λֵʦѰĺǵǻ飬ΪѧԱǿֵͨõĵ·20ѡ֣ҲѾȫ׼װںõںڣҵӭλֵʦ볡軪ʦ
䣬ֳʱɽХ
軪̨߳һ߻ֻӦŹǵ飬һߵ̨룬ŹǾϹ֮ԼĵʦΡ
軪˵ƷƵʦ
ֳһңƷͬӺ̨߳ͬǻ֡Ϲ⡭
֮󣬽ںδӺ̨߳
ϢͻУλʦֱڵʦ
軪ø߿˵λֵʦѾ׼ѾȲѰọ́ںõں۵һȫײڿʼ
һڿʼֳδȫϨͻȻ֮ٴұÿһ˶ǳ˷ܣѾ׵ıȾڵմﵽ˽Ŀʼ߳
֮ǰ̫ڴڣǱֳոȾѾڴޱȣڼĵһλѡ֣ѾȲ
Ѿ뿪̨Ȼ߿һλѡֵǳ
軪˵仰ʱλʦĵʦΣҲһٰʮȵת֮ǰ̨תΪڵı̨
һתĶٴù˷ܲѡ
Ȼ֮ǰ֪ʦѡѧԱʱǱ̨ģ֮Ϊʦäѡ
֪֪ǵȴûиҲûл棬׵ʦǵ̨äѡģ
ڣʦǱ̨Ĺ̺ͻ棬ĳǰǵԺ˸Ҳ˻档
ĸͻ棬˷ܲѡ
ǵԺͻȻðһ뷨֮ǰǵԺĸͻ棬ǻΪֵڴ
𰸾Ƿ񶨵ģǵԺ֮ǰָͻ棬һԡڴ
ڴв˵жǿҲԲ͡



һǧʮ ֳռȴ
ֳĹ˷ܣǰĹҲͬ˷ܡ
ȻܵĸȾûֳĹôǿңҲͬͣڼĵһλѡֳڴ
룬㼴ѡ֣ûôÿֻҪ質ĺãҲǲԽܡ
ǶЩտӵģ̨Ȧӵ˵ǵҲʵһ¡
ھ޹һмһ˵Цһλѡ־Ҫ𣿺ܺãϾҪʼˡ
ڹԽ˷ܺڴѡֳʱܵľžͻԽأҲԽеʧȻҲԽȤˡ
һڵ̨ȦӵҲͬʮڴֻǵڴĹڲ̫һˡ

ĳһСһȺһ̨ӻǰӻĻ棬ǡֳ档
ϾҪˣԬСǵһѡ𣿡
ǰ绰ʹ˵Сӵ̫ðȻ鵽һƻǳŰɡ
ԣԣΪһã㿴ֳЩڵߣֻǣСû𣿲Ƕ˵ֻϲ˧ŮСӳ֮󣬲ᱻ̨ɣ

۷׷ףڴֵǣʱһ˵ҿп̨ܱһ㽨ȥμѡĿⲻȥҿСӺܿҪܻˡ
Щˬȴ˵ʲôΪ˵֮Ĺͷ
֮ǰԬ˵Ҫȥμӡʱ򣬹ͷͼΪĲˬΪԬ˸Ҳ󣬸һͷԬ١
Ԭֱҵ˹ϰ壬֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬹ϰ徹ȻͬԬ٣ͷȻ˵ʲô϶ΪĲˬ
ȻϣԬֵøͷȻܻ
ͷѾ⣬Сӻʱ򣬶Ҫúõ䡢һȻĲˬˡ
СµһׯԬļͬĴ
ԬǺȥμĿˣ
Ȼˣһǵһѡ֣Ͼͳˡ
⺢гϢ˰ȻܹμôƯĽĿֻǣμ˽Ŀ֮أûʲôã
֪μ˿϶ûлصĳѡʳ޷ѶǽĿ˵ģȥμĿǮ
˵ѡڳʱеʦת֤ѡֳĺã֪᲻еʦΪǺת
֪ҿŰɡ쿴ѾˣǺӡ


ֳ̨
ѡͨĴſԬ˼ֽӹԱݳ˷磬ͨ߳ţ̨֮ϡ
ֽӹ˷磬ԼѡͨĻ棬ֳĵڶļ¼ֱ˳ȥ
Ԭ̨ϵʱֳĹڣǵӻǰĹڣȫһ㶣һѡ֣Ȼһδ󺺡
ңһɣдϵıδ󺺣է֮£ʮ꣬ϸһƺֲһʮˡ
Ĵ󺺳ѡĿ̨ϣƺЩ롣
ӣ֮ǰڡѧԱЩʲôĴԣˡ
Ȼǰ׼ǵﵹҲ̸ʧ
ֻΪڴѡʵϵѡ̫󣬹ǵЩź
ǫ̃õֳգ̨ϵѡ֣һ˧ŮǸжã
ѡ־̨ܹںϣԵø롣
ΪźǵͻȻ࣬ûˣҲֻòԵ
ֳԭʮֵգȴ
λʦʱڵģҾǵľܽϵźǿ
ȴգҲܹĸо
Ʒ˵̫á
軪ȷо̫á
ֳһרŶ׼λʦģӻֵĻ棬᲻ѡ֡ʦڵȳл
ոյʦ˵Ļ棬˵ӻ
ֳռȴӻǰĹҲʮź룬ѡĿҪվǿŮѡַ治УٳɫҲֻͽ޹
ڵġһ֮ǰ̨Чȫײ»Ĺʡʦ볡ȵȷ棬ֳգŪø߳һһȫǣԼѡֳڴ
ѡֳ̨ϵһ̣֣δ󺺣һɣֳձ㼱ȴ
ȻȻҶóѾֻòԵˡ
˵ףһϣ˧Ų̊ҵգӦ˧Ų̊
һڵ̨Ȧӵˣȴգ˷ܵһЦ
ȻԤһɴȵ䣬ǴӸеϲܵš
ȻšЩţ˼ô˼
˵ѡ˱׼Ŀȱ㣬ƫƫ˲а
ں˰ɣ֪˵ģȷ˰ɣ
ϧѾˣѾˡ
ңŸոտʼ
һڵ̨Ȧӵˣ˷ֻܲ



һǧʮ ֳٴ
Ŀֳ
̨ϵԬҲԵģоֳյĸı䣬һЩңѵ⵵ĿҪҸˣǺã
ڻҹһ̨̾ȻӦҡ
ܿ죬뵽Ǳģ˵̨
뵽Ԭ˲ָš
ңֳͻȻȴգòôţǶѾϣٲҲʧ
̶̵ʱڣԬѾ˶ֱ仯ʲôˣúõİѸ質Ϳˡ
ûеʦתֳĹڣӻǰĹϲϲѾҪ
һ̨ϳ裬ҲһΣǾͺúϧΨһһλɡ
ֶһƣʾԼѾ׼ˡ
ִﴫ豸ִݵֳÿһ䣬ҲݵÿһλӻǰڵĶС
һ𣬲֪ǲΪ豸ʹЧΪɫԭֳĹڣǵӻǰĹڣȫעתƵϡ
ʲô裿ǰϤܶ˶˼⡣
̨ϵıδ󺺣ڴѡһ£ǽȥ˼ֻúõһ׸衣
ǡХ׸ѶȲͰƷ˵
ҪѵڱҪ㹻ǿȻѳ顣
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ӻǰĹǻȻ򣬡ԭǡХ׸ˣ˵ôоЩϤȴƫƫ벻ʲô裿
ӻǰĹ֪˸ֳĹЩҲˡ
ǡХһ׺ϵĸˡ
ԶԣǡХ
֪˸ǵֶһڴ̨֪ϵıδ󺺣ܹܲ׸質ã
̨ϣԬѾͲߡ
޾ĺҹ壬
Ҳձˣ
ҹǿǣ
Ҫȴңɼ

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ֿӣַ·̺˻һ΢֮ˣڷ˻
ԭԲ󡢸߿ȻȴеĹ
ǿ̨ϱδ󺺱ɣŴﳪĸ
һ̣ͻȻ֣ѡ̨ҲһҪ˧Ů
λʦҲͬܵ˳
Ȼѡֵģ֪ѡֵĸ߰ݣȴܹĳĸУܵѡֵֿ
ϲ
軪һ°ťĳ嶯վסˣһ
ʱ̨ϵԬҲ˸߳֡
ĺҵƬա
ҪԶԶ
õУڳױ軪鼤͵˰ťκεԥ
°ť֮󣬵ʦҲתһٰʮȣɱ̨תΪ̨
ʱ軪ڿ̨ѡֵģٴһ񣬹Ȼһλ˲ɣѡ֡
軪ĵʦθոת֮󣬽Ҳ͵˵ʦεİť
Ԭױ軪λʦתֳͻȻ֮ٴαңͻ
һΪǵʦһΪѡת˶εĻ棬ʵʵķˡ
ԭǵʦΪѡתı˷ܡ
Ϊ̨ԬֿңѾ׵ĸȾǡ
һͻȻ֣ۼ̨һҪ˧Ůڸ質ˣҲ˧Ůӵʺ̨
֮ǰΪ̨ϵıδֳ룬ڣǷ̨ĸֻҪĸ質ˣ̨ܹϡ
ڣλʦΪ̨ϵѡתʹ̨ϵѡֲᱻ̭ˣĵΪ̨ϵѡָеˣѾȫϿ̨ϵѡ֡
ʼʱźΪ̨룬ڵȫϿɣΪеʦΪתе˷ܣֻ˶̶һӵʱ䡣
̶̵ʱ֮ڣֳǵ̬Ϊʲôᷢ˾޴ת䣿
һҪԭȻԬʮֿܹˡ
仰˵ǳĺá
ֻǳúãȴԶԶġ
Ҳһ£Ԭڴ֮ϳ׸裬˺ѷΣٸֿҹҲǿϼۣϸȥ衣
ΪԬĳͻôһΪĴжϣΪֳҲ裬ЦûгôŬĳ裬Ҳֻͽ͡
ֳˣͲӦһֵΡ
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ǳٺãҲͽ͡
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̨ϳʱίֳĹڣҲͬһΪĴжϡ
ȾΪ̣ȥ裬ǳٺãҲһ㡣
ǣѡˡ
˵Ԭܹ֮ϿɣʦΪתΪ件Ϊ˷ܡ
˸質ĺ֮⣬һҪԭ
Ǿ̨̨



һǧʮ ˽Ŀ
Ԭܹ֮Ͽɣ˸質úԭ֮⣬һҪԭǾΪṩŻ̨
̨
Ϊֻ̨
Ȼ֮ǰԴ˲ϿɣΪǱĿȱ㡣
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ټѡϳ֮ǰλʦת̨Ķ֮мǱʶ
ǻ룬λʦѡѧԱʱ򣬹ȻǿѡֵģѡΨһ׼ֻ
ôɾǽ֮ˡ
ʦǻ᲻ΪѡתһжҪѡֵܹܲ򶯵ʦ
Ǳʶ֮£Ǿͻʶģϸȥ̨ѡǵ
̨ѡֵĳƯƯʱ򣬾Ͳôȥ˼⣬ǵעѡֵϡ
Ǳ̨ѡֵ׸Ⱦ֮ȥ̨ϵѡ֣ʱַ̨֣ϵѡֲƯҲӰǶѡֵϿɺϲˡ
Ϊ˵ףһҪĻ˴֮òҲͲôҪˡ
ڹ˵ʱҲʶˣһܹܹΪһ֣ôҪã質úãҪġ
Ȼã質úõǰ£ҲͬʮֳɫȻ͸ˡ
ֻӦðڵڶλǵһλ
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ǿѡ֣֪ѡǵĸ߰ݣǾֻܰеעȫѡֵĸϣѸѡΨһ׼
ܹѡ֣ôѡı׼϶ܵӾй۵Ӱ죬ѡǵĳ಻ѣһǻֵġ
⵹ҲûжԴ֣֮Ͼһ仰֮ģ˽֮ΪɶѡһЩÿѧԱأ
Ǳѡǵĸ򶯣°ťתڿѡģʱ򣬷ѡֳòÿ
£ǲеκεʧеһϲû뵽λಢڵѡ֣ܳ˵
һʼͿѡģȻѡǳȫһġ
ą̇̄ЧȥƺЩͲ˼飬ʵˡ
ʱ̨ϵԬݳ軪ͽ֮ƷƺںҲͬתˡ
λʦȫΪԬתˡ
ѡת֮λʦ̨ϵѡ֮󣬲ͻȻ֮ȫ⵵ĿС
ֻֻѡĿıʣֻŲġ
⵵Ŀܵ˵ĳ˵˽ѡĿгɣֻһԸİԼı£ͲʵʣΪʽҲ̶á
ʵ˵֮ǰ⵵ĿҲȫܹ⣬ֻǾԵΪ߻ĽĿԲܼ򵥡
ڣȫˣ⵵ĿУ⵵Ŀİء
⵵ĿԭˣѡĿıʣʱܻᣬùǶѡֵпѡֵģγһǿҵķ
ǿҵķýĿ߿㣬ùʱ˶˷ܡ
ʱֵܻľ˷ܣֻǶԽĿʱǿҵڴ
Ȼλʦ˵ҲһȴǵҲͬǲϵľϲ⣬ͬǻ̲סģڴһλѡֵĳ
ĽĿ򵥣
һĽĿ
Щ֮λʦľ⣬ǰߣĿԶ˵ǰ棬Զܹ˿Ķ
ʦѾ˽ĿУֳĹǣǻû뵽Щ
ûйϵֳĹѾʮ˷ܣֳٴλָ˻𱬣Ѿˡ
λʦȺΪ̨ϵѡתһθе⵵ĿҲһȷˣ̨ϵѡ֣õȷǷǳĲ
δòÿЩڶѾҪ
ڻΪ̨ϵѡֻΪλʦȫתΪ⵵Ŀ
̨ϵԬѾʮּԭֻϧһУΨһһ̨ϳĻᣬȫͶ룬顣
û뵽λʦΪתû뵽ֳĹǻΪ
ڵոճʱȣֱԨ֮
ԭ̨Ŀ̨˵ĹȻȷġ
źҲͬźˡ
̨󷽣19ѡ֣Ľ֮ҲͬΪļԬλʦתΪǿһͷ˰ţñԭ㡣



һǧʮ µĶ
ֳٴңǵ̬ȫ˸ı䣬ǰĹȻҲһ
ʱǣҲͬΪλʦת˷ܣΪ⵵Ŀ˷ܡ
Ƿ֣֮ǰˣشˡ
֮ǰΪ̨ϵѡ֣Ϊڵԭ򣬼Ǹ質ٺãҲе˷ܣҲȻź
ڣǷǲûиеźеֻǾϲֻ˷ܡ
ԭѡĿ̨һҪ˧ŮֻҪãܹˣʵûôҪ
֮ǰ˵ģع鵽ѡĿıʡ
˷ܣͻȻʶһΪÿĽĿ
֮ǰѡտͬԭȴΨûΪܺÿһԭ
ڣΪѡտԭҪһˡ
Ϊԭ򣬶Ϊÿǳֵÿ
˷ܣǷǳѡտ
ȻҲڿ˶е˷ܣЩ̨Ȧӵˡ
ֻеȵľ㵺Ͳ˼飬Ȼ˾ת⵽Ϊʲô
üͷ壬еԭ
˷һĳ֣ʱû뵽ԭ
Ҫеԭʵѡ
ΪǱҲǡĹڣӽĿʼڣҲһֱڿţ﷢ı仯ܹܵ
ΪĸܣҲеԭ
еԭ֮ȴǸе˸ӵĲ˼飬ܵһ˿֣ΪµĶе֡
֮ǰ˶ϿġΪ䡰ֻּǽĿȱ㡣
ȴʼնԡΪţˡֻȱ㣬ǽĿĹ۵㣬ˡϣᳬԽ֡Ŀԡ
ЩܵеЦû˻Ϊġ
ڣһڵ̨ȦӵˣֻĻǡ㡣
Ϊڡģʽ£һѡԽǲۣԽǡ⡱͡족ڳ֮ȴ㹻ɫ㹻ˣǰķͻԽ󣬹ǸܵľϲͻԽȻ͸ӵ˷ˡ
ֻСֻܹЩۣ⡱͡족ѡֵ̨
һӵˣͬͬĿɫΪ档
ֻĳΪˣ㡣
⡭
һڵ̨ȦӵˣҲˡ
ֻǣ֮󣬲׺ģȴ߻⵵Ŀʱ򣬾Ѿһ㣬뵽һУŲɡ
ּΪµĶһڵ̨Ȧӵˣеһ˿֡
̫ˣ
˵ġʣᳬ֡һڵ̨Ȧӵˣڻ֪𰸡
ѾٳЦҲٻˡ
̨Ȧʱкܶ˵Ƕûտˡ
˭ڿ˵䣬ûб̨ϵѡţûзýĿһ֮У
ֱûбϰţӦõҲûô죬ϾŸոտʼ
ֳǿ϶ģûй볡Ŀһʼй볡ͲһĶˡ
ûа취˭ҪĲԣѡֱأ¼ǾͲˣЧã˲ˡ

տĵ̨ȦӵˣͬȻ˵ֻȫص̾һ
Ϊ˼ɵƵʱʵԼɵơ
ðɣ֮ǰҲЩһɵƣȥԲ߻ĽĿɵʲô
ϧ΢һЩһ򣬻Ͳһɵˡ
ˣͬУǰǵѰɣǼɵȥŶˡ
ǣտĵ̨Ȧӵˣڵ̨Ȧ˵
ˣˣұ˵ˣҪ֪ѵӻӲˡ
ǰټ˵ˣŶˡ

Щֱ֮ǰЩ±ˡ
ʲôôͶˣǰѻ˵
ǣֱ˵ڿ֡أ˼ȥ
һ仰˵ֻ˵Ķ̫ˣܹǸĶ
ǻѡ񿴡ɣǶˣ˰
֡ҲÿҲǺÿѣأֻǺÿ

֮ǰЩ±ˣ굽ʲô
Щ˲Ϳ˼ӵġѣôһ˵Ļ⸱ģ
ǹԻˣ
벻ͨȫ벻ͨǿҵĺĵʹ֮£Ҳ½ӣ˴ӡ



һǧʮ ѧԱ
Ŀֳ
ԬԼݳڼȵļУֳּĹǾֿҲΪеˡ
λʦҲܹԵģоԬƬ̣Ȼ軪˵ã㳪ķǳãԴ˻ơӡɾˣǽҪѰҵġһԼ
ԬסԼһʾлȻ˵ллʦҽԬʮ꣬һˣԡ
Ԭ˵ԼһˣλʦֳĹǣ⣬Ԭδ󺺵ɣϣѾµһ
еֻǸп޵ĸпһͨĽˣܹѸ質ôãֵܹ룬һֱУʵ̫ˡ
һ̣ͻȻ˸м˶ĸмм߻ˡһĿ
Ϊˡ̨Ԭܹǲܹ˶ĸ
ʱףЩͨͨӵˣŸӵ˶ݣҲͬʸ׷ǵ롣
ֻǣǰ룬ȴûܹʵ̨
һڹǰãžʮֵ꣬Ҳΰ
ڣճʵԼ̨
ǣԬˣ19ѡҲˣ20ѡֵˣҲйڵˡ
ǵ˸м
̨ǰλʦֱԬ˼以ǶԬҲӵ˽⡣
֮軪˵ˣԬڵѡʱˣʸѡκһλʦȻģǶǵһΪתġ
Ϊ˵꣬æϵ軪˵Ҫİƾʲô˵ǸԬʵҲģ㿴˸ģҵĸҲͬͦߣһϵġ
⻰ֳһЦȥɶĳǡ伫
ⳡʵ̫˼ˣȨתѧԱѡʦʱ򣬵ʦΪ˳ɹѧԱҪʹˡ
ȻƷƴ˽Ļ˵Ԭ㵽ҷոճʱ򣬻һЩС覴ãĸ
ںҲʾ˵Ԭλʦÿóĵطһóģǡǡ㻹ǷȱġԣɣǵĿ꽫ֱָܹھ
ں⻰ˣλʦͬ飬һλʦչ
еĹǴ¹񫣬ֹЦ˼ʵ̫˼ˣеĻ˼
ϲ⵵Ŀˡ
ƽͨİѵʦε󣬶λʦ˵λʦѿһ½࣬Ҫϵ̫á
λʦ⣬軪˵ˣԬѡɣ
˵Ŀ⣬ȫԬϣԬ֪ԼҪѡˡ
λʦתˣȷһǳҸķ¡
գԬѡˣһΪתĵʦ軪
軪һЦ˵ľ˴һ㣬Ķλʦ˵λ˼Ȱͷˡ
Ʒơں̾һ÷ǳźͬʱַ׷軪ʾĪҪNɪ̫ˡ
Ȼѡ軪ҾͲ²ѡ軪
ʵΪѡںģϾں˵ǵĿֱָܹھ
軪ǵһΪתĵʦ֪ǲΪԭѡ軪

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۵ʱҲһλѡ֣ڴ

ĳСĳء
һȺһ̨ӻǰĽǣڻĵĻ
ԬС̫˧ˣȻλʦΪת
ǰλʦҪҪСӣǼƶҪˡ
СӴӴ֮Ҫ˰ɣ϶ٻˡȻǳ᲻ãΪСӸеˡ
ǰ̫ˣ˭˵ǽ˾Ͳ֣ܵˣԬСӸɵúã
ٺ٣ǹͷڵţԬСӻĻأǵȲˡҪҲǷĻ
˭˵أͷˣƻֱŰɣ

ԶͷŹǵۣʵ벻Ԭûб̨õλʦתõֳڵͻʵ̫ѧˡ
ٲѧҲ֪Ԭ˾ʹ˸ıˣĲٻصˡ
ҪҲٻˡ
ԭԬĻúóһٵ뷨ǲʵˡ
ͷԽԽķңߵ˵󣬺˼Ҫ˹ƨ£ʹ˼ƨ˼Ҳ֪˼ԺǣҲټǵǣ֪ڸ˸ʲô
йвˬ˵ԬСԺ϶ǵǵġ
ͷͷ˵СԺܼǵǣҵֵдһȺ쿪ˡ
˵꣬ͷˣʵǴȥˡ
һڹǿŹͷ뿪ıӰ׷ױӣ˵ˣˣҲҪȥˣǼӡ
ԶԣڶѡҪˣ֪ûԬС
ҹûУһλʦΪת
ҲпûеʦΪתֱӱ̭ˡ



һǧʮ ޷
СϽµĳׯ
ԬļﻶһƬ
λʦΪǺת˵Ǻĳúð
λʦҪǺӣԬǼʵ̫˲ˡ
ѡ˵ʦԺǲǾҪˣɾΪǴ˰
ǺӴСϲ裬û뵽ڻĳϢˡ

Ƿ׷ĴָԬĸĸֵúϲ£죬ǲȷԬԺǲܹǣ
λʦԬ˵ԬĳúܺãѾ㹻ˡ
ڽܹܲǣԬĸĸǲҪ
Ԭĸ׸˵˵ǺԺܹܲǣڿɻ˵׼ǲҪڴҶΪúãҾͺܸˡԷףһ¡
ãðǸףһ¡һϲ׷˵

ħ̨κڼеĿŵӣȻǡ֡
ӽĿʼڣκʮ⣬ĿǰӾѡVCRܣҲ߿㣬һѡ־ȫʮֵĻ𱬡
ôġ֡Ҳܹٴ¸ߡ
ħ쵼ӵȺ
κ˵ĽĿЧǳ֡ĿȷˣǹĿԱµĽ𷭱
̨ܵʶȻܹٴ¸ߣȷӦøĿ齱
ӪܼƵڽĿѾʼ5ӣѾܹһ׶εʵʱʸˣȻʮ׼ȷҲѾͳƲǱߣʱȫԱȺͨʵʱʣӦúܿͻͨһ׶εˡ
ֲܼ˵ãҶЩڴȻҸڴǡʡ
ƵҲʮڴʣҿԹһ£1.2ɡ
ܵȫԱȺѾˣ8.0൱ʵҲ1.5
1.5ƵҹƵҪ߰ҲϾĿŸտʼĴ򣬺ܶ˾Ϊ˿ĴǣҲѡտһСġ1.5ʣӦþǵˣͻ𲽽ˡ
ܵȷˣ֮ǰԤƵҲࡣ
ħȫԱȺ
һ׶εʳˣ8.0൱֡Ŀɵúã
ȻҲ1.5Ȼֽ׶Եʵʱʲȫ׼ȷû1.5Ҳ˵һ
ʵ1.5Ҳ϶Ѿǵˣ͸ȥˡ
ҿڵϣǡ֡ģڡۼûУʵǿ
Ԥ֮е飬
ĽĿֳӦñȽΰɣͻȻЩˣȥ̽һµ飬ǿǣΪǹһʰɡ
ҲЩˣҲȥ

һЩħӵԱڿ˵һ׶ε֮ͻȻԡ˺棬׷װѵӻ˴ӡ
Ϊѡԭ򣬡ĽĿֳӦǱȽεģǽлӵʱҲӿ϶һ㡣
Ϊǿ̨ϳѡ֣һ߲ߵãʮֵ֣ҲͰˣҲʲôʵЩԲڡ
ѡֹȻЩ棬ѡ̨ϳ裬ֳղβŹء
һħӵԱǣЦһ
ֻǣǲûЦ
ΪǺܿ;㵵ķֳ֣վȻΣʮֵġг
ǵģг
ǲ֪Ӧôֳգûûлϵı飬ȴʮֵ
ղ֣Ҳ𱬣־Σֻáгһݡ
ʲôһħӵԱЩ¡
ܿ죬ƺҵԭǷֳĹǣӦ̨ϵѡֳ衣
͸˰̨ϵѡ֣һԲڵãȴܹ˵
ѵֳǵĿζ˵أ
һħӵԱǣе޷⣬Ҳϸõĸ͹˵ûǲġ
һŮ֣˵ܹѡĿ̨ϣȡòĳɼ
ؼŮͨ㲻ǣֻһԲڵá
޷⣬ȫ޷⡣
һħӵԱüͷԭ㿴һۡлȥ֡ġ
ҲûлȥҪٿһܲܿЩʲôߣԽ⿪еɻ



һǧʮ δŵķʽ
ϡ
ڿӵͬʱҲ۸ͣ
Уۣǹڡ֡ģڡۼûС
ġ֡оӺÿһλѡ־ȫ̫ˡ
˳˧һһ߳裬ЩҲǳƯȫŹء
̫ˬˣԺѡָڴˡ
һ׶εѾˣ֡8.0ǳȻҲ1.5ҲͰ
԰Ȼ1.5ǿӦҲٰôûۣ
һȷ֣֮ǰΪûʲô˿ڼȻ1.5ʣôҲӦ۲Ŷ԰
ѵѾˣЩ˵˲˼ۣЩԭڿˣѾտ
ЩΣ֪ԭҲ򵥣ȥһ۲ˣ֮ٻӰǿ֡
˵ҲǣǾͻȥһۡ

ٵΪԼĺģƵ˴ӡ
ȻȴûлֻҪЩȥˣǾͿˡ
᲻ų̂׼һ߼֡һߵϢ
ֻǣǵһ֮󣬷ֿЩ˳ٳûнϡ
ô£˽һ¡Ӧòôʱɣ
Ǳʲô˽û˵仰̲סʵ
ֹһС֮󣬲˻ص֪оЩ֣˿
ôῴʲô
֪֪Ĳ֪ٶ࿴һܹܲߣǵȲĻԼɡ
껹͹ˣ֮ǰϼûۡЩȥ̽ˣ˵ֳôоЩ죿
ǣи˽Ƶħӻ˴ӣǾȥ
ǲľô˿
ܿ죬ǾͷǿΪʲǫ̂ϳѡģֳĹȴ֮ɫŵ˷ܣ
ǣҲʱлħˣȰߵŪ˵
һȤЩ֮ûаѵƵлħӣѡڴӣΪǱĿ᲻лȥ
ΪǸ㲻ĿֳȰŪ֮лȥ
ڵǸ֮󣬻ԸԸлħӣǾͲö֪ˡ
ħӵ쵼ǣ֪ǵĹΪĿֳûаѵлصħӣƻ÷ǳƣǳĲ⣬ҲŰɣ

Ŀֳ
̨˵һ׶εʵʱʳˣ1.5֡8.0
ЦЦ˵ԤƵĲࡣ
βڽĿֳʣƻǳĽ
˵1.5ʣѽ˴ͬĿʼ¼ˣȥȣĸǰѾעյֻ1.5ҵĻ൱ʧܵġ
ֳֳе仯ȫĿǰ1.5ʣһ㶼ż
ҲЦǺǵ˵Ҳû
֪ʾֻǿʼ
Ȼ֮ǰֳռȴʱûš
ǸʱǳЩĻŵ㿴⡭
ȴֻǵһЦ˵̨żȥ˾ͺˡ
ķƵνƽ࣬żȻƽĿǰӦܹıŶԡ
Щļȥ
ûãεľͲΪֳȻ˸ı䣬ٴαҡ
ңţҵգٴαȴ
ΪѾˣ֮Իٴαҵԭ
ηǳ˷ܣȻһΪɹĽĿ
ֻǳɹţĻΪһüѡĿ
ΪԭˣѡĿıʣͬĿûеĿ㡣
˷ܣѡȻȷľ
ͬʱҲӵǾη
Ϊţڲ߻⵵Ŀʱ򣬾һѾԤϵڵһж֮С
Ҳˣʼնš
ҪԶǳ˵Ķжǳܹ
һ֣Ƿˣ
εһθпǧ
šʣһߣȴǻ֪Ѿвԭڿ֡ˣڰƵ֮ΪֳƵлħӵĴ㣬ѡʱڴӡ
֪ˣһ˵ĹЦΪЩûнƵлħӣΪЩѡʱڴӵԭ
һ룬Բ߻ĽĿܹδŵķʽ¡



һǧʮ ᲻лƵ
β֪ЩֳĹҲ֪ͬЩ
ȫעģ̨ϵѡֳ裬̨ϵѡڲأʲôϵأ
ڡ̨ϣһУǾʲôá
̨ϳģ˸㲻ֳ״ģλֵѡ֣Ƽ
ƼԼģյĿֳԳ֮ԥ˺ܳʱ䣬չֳԳ
ֳԳ֮ԥ˺ܾãվڵ̨
ԭûŵʱջţƷƺͽλʦΪת
ݳֳ֮ĹΪƣΪ
Ƽ֪Ѿɹˡ
Ȼ̨֪߶ԶλʦΪתѾǳ֪ˡ
˵Ѿɹˡ
Ʒƺͽ˶ѡתôȻҪһսˡ
ֻǣ˵սûĸ֮սҰˡ
գƼѡƷΪԼĵʦ
ƷƼ軪֮ҲͬеԼĵһѧԱںʱûջ
˵Ҳżѡֻأǲв
ֳĹٴΪƼ
һ̣˵𣬡λѡֵǳ
˵λʦĵʦתһٰʮȣֳҲѸٰ
е˶ɴ۾ڴĿ̨󷽵ѡͨ

ʱЩǰ̽ˣе̨ȦӵˣħӵԱͨѵȵȡ
ԭȫ㲻ǣȴ˼
ֵķ֣ãոǸƼãѡĿ̨ϣƺҲǲԽܡ
еʦΪתʱǾȻΪøеˣ˷ܡ
ǾȻΪһʲôѡ֣е˺˷ܣԼЩ˼顣
Ϊʲô
ѵΪ̨һħ˺Եѡֵ
˼ģǷˣǸոհѵƵлӵʱ֮ȫ޷ֳ
ΪǼеעȫѡֵϣҲǿѡĿעһ⡣
Ȼûʲô⣬ѡĿȿľѡǳô
ǣڴͣһ֮ǵעԾģתƵѡֳ֮ϡ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôʵȷˣǵȷעתѡֵϡ
ǾȻʼٹעѡֵ
ҲΪˣǲŻеʦΪתʱΪøеˣǼ
һ̣ƺѾõĳֻ࣬ΪѡֳôãеʦΪתˡ
ǾȻԼеЩ˼顣
ڣƺѾˣȷΪ̨ԡ
˵̨ȷһܹ˽עֻѡǵ֮ϡ
⣬ѡĿҲ֮ǰ˵ģѡĿıʡ
Щǰ̽ˣԽԽĸ࣬ǾͿҪҵȷĴˡ

ͻȻ뵽Ǹոտ֡ʱ򣬵һѡֳֳŪرĺãҲ÷ǳˬ
ǣǡ÷ǳˬҪӾϵĸܣλѡֵĸ裬ôͻȻ㵵ķ֣ǲû̫ӡ
ֻܹǵãûǲģҲ˶ѣȫոա̨ϣǸõǵļʮ̡
ȻⲢ˵̨ϵãͱȡ֡Ǹѡֳúá
ֻȫסõȴԡ֡Ǹѡֵû̫ӡ
ԭ򣬺Ϊλѡֱݵʽͬ
Ҳ˵ѡڳʱ򣬲ܹѡ߳ΪһѡĿǲǸӦ취ǵעļѡֳ棿
Ҫһ㣬ѡֱݵʽѡ֮⣬ҪǳҪһ㡣
Ǿùܹȥ⣬ѡǵǰеעȫѡֳϡ
Ҫһ㣬ǲܵģ֡ЩͬĿ͸Ӳˡ
ڣЩǰ̽˷֣ˡ
ȻǳĲ˼飬ţǸոյܣʮֵȷţˡ
Щ֮ٿֳѾȫܹöˣҲ֡
Ѿҵˣ֮ǰ˼Ĵ𰸡
ˣą֣̊́ƺԽԽߣԽԽǿ
Ƕһλѡ֣Ȼʮֵڴ
Щಢڵѡ֣ȻΪ⵵Ŀ㣬ڴĵط
Ѿ᲻ãٽƵлħˡ



һǧʮ 
Ŀֳ
λѡѾѡֳͨ߳ˣǵӻǰйڣȫ۾һ
˵һλѡ֣է֮ЩʮĴ壬λѡ֣ʵĴˡ
ѾϣԵĺۼȥҲʮˡ
֮ǰҿһλѾһ͵ˣѡ̨ϣȻе뵱Ĳ⣬ԽĿҲеȵʧ
ӻǰĹڣֳ̨ĹھһƬпܻվֱ뿪
ѡĿ̨ϳѡ֣Ϲ
ڣӻǰĹûл̨Щǰ̽ĹڣֳĹҲûзûվѡ뿪
ҵϷһΪȤڴЩ˷ܵɫ
ûǷǳڴҲǳ˷ܡ
֪λĴ壬ܹ
ȫעѾϴ׼
̨ϸո߳Ĵ壬ЦЦλ岻ǱˣǸСϣǸ꺺ӣʤ
ʤʮ꣬ʵҲֵܹ׳꣬ѡĿ̨Լ󲿷ֵĹ˵Ҳȷȷʵʵһλϴˡ
˵ҲǴˣ֪ķô
ЩڴԸ̫š

ʮǰǸС
С򲻴ʲôϢúܿ죬ţʤȥμӡϢѾϴˡ
ȫеǳĲ˼飬ʲôʱһλũ壬ҲܹȥμѡĿˣ
ѡĿһҲͬϴˡ
ʱСϵľǣǻϾʱ̸ʣ۷׷ס
˵ǹʤѾʮˣȻȥμӣЩ˲μӵѡĿǹһ
еԭҵ֪˵ʲôֻֻҪ質úãʲôԲٴ󶼿ԡ
ֻҪ質úãؼǹʤ質úⲻܰɣһũôܰѸ質ã
㻹˵ǹʤӦûɤӣˣв˶裬˵ûԡ
Լɤӣôܹĳȣǲĳúá
Ҳţһˣúõֲˡˣȥμʲô˵ѡĿ¶𣿡
룬˼ҽĿ϶Щúÿˣһ͵Ĵ壬Ҳú
˭֪ôģҪȥȥ£ҲǶˡ
ǽĿʱϿ϶ᲥʱǿҵҪǲĸȥ裿
ȻҪˣܲ

Сϵľ۷׷׵ͬʱȫһȵʲôʱǶҪһ
ϣڵȵˣµĴԣʤڡĵһڽĿг
л˵ʤڵ
ڹʤţ崫ģӦûǱȽϿס
ˣϰ˵ʱСϵĺܶȫѵѡ˴ӡ
ǰλѡѾݳõλѡϳˡ
ԲٵĻλϳѡ֣ӦþţĹʤˡ
λѡִѡ֮ͨ߳СϵľǣȫһȻͲ˼顣
ǿ߳ѡ֣ľţĹʤ
ȻʵʶʤҶиԵжϣЩڹʤˣֻϼʤ
Ȼǵʱ֪Ǿǹʤڿ̨ϵѡ֣ǸˣֻϼˣȻӦùʤˡ
Щ֮ǰûϼʤˣӹʤ͡ŴϣҲܹжϳǹʤ
ȻȥμˣСϵˣ˺棬ڴĽ˼ʡ
ŹʤܺúõĳãϣеʦΪתȥĲǡ
ҲŹʤһͿûеʦתʦֳĹǳЦᳪ裬̨ȥ
̬˶У̬ˣҵ۾ȫֱֱĶŵĻ档

ţâ壬ʤڵĴӡ
ʤȥμӡϢȻӴˡ
ǵ˼ϵľʲô˼Уֻһ˼ǾǸˡ
ͬ干ͬ˼ʮһˣһͻȻϵˣһ·˼׾ͷһôǸе˷ܵ顣
ϰ˵㣬еĴǣȫе˹ʤԺҰѵӻԺ
ʮ˾Ժվףһһ߿ӣǳ⡣
ſţһݺӺȻ˵غҿ죬ϹˣϹϵˡ
ĺݺӣСʤԻģǸĺݺӡ
һԺʮˣȫϽϿȥȻʤѾߵ̨ϡ
ϹϹ³Ϣ˰
ٺ٣ҿŹЩŰ
ԣԣϣλʦܹΪϹת
˵λˣһλʦתϹܹˡ

Ƕʱ˷ˣҲȥˣȫ쳤ŲӣֱŵӻĻ档


һǧʮһ רҵ質˰
Ŀֳ
ʤվ̨ʵ˵ķǳţҲʮֵļһӵׯڣ뵽һҲվ̨ϳ裿
ӦȺλʦֳĹǣеӻǰĹǴкȻٳ衣
Ȼѡһ㶼ǾϹ񣬲˵ֱӿʼ裬Ŀûй涨ǰܹ˵ǡ
Һãҽʤţ壬ҳĸǡɽԡʤ˵
ֻһڣֳˣǵӻǰйڣȫһ㶣Ȼ̲סЦ
ȻǵЦûж⣬ֻ̲סЦ
Ϊʤ˵ĿǳأȻҶܹ˼ʤķͨķʵ̫ˡ
˵Ŀ֮أû
ȫһʺţʵǺţһ˵֮صũ壬ܹʲôĸ
ѵĿŪˣλ屾Ӧǫ́ϣ
ܴҺţĿ᷸صĴ󣬵ֲòɣΪʵǺţλܹѸ質á
ʱĿ˵أһȥȽϹ졣
ؼǣҪݳĸɽԡһѶȺܸߵĸ
ԭǹĸ質ңѾʮˡ
˵صĴ壬ҪԸҪܸߵġɽԡǲЩ̫ˣ
˵ǹǻɣλʦҲЩɻȻѡֵģͨոѡֵһ仰ܹжϵóʱվ̨ϵѡ֣Ӧһλһ͵ׯˡ
ȻһҲãׯҲգЩҪ̨ɰٴֻҪþС
ؼһ˵֮صˣʱܺ
λʦҲòɡ
軪˵ô
ƷƵڵʱĿҲأǾֻ˵źˡ
ںɻ󣬰˵ܹͨѡӦòģô֮أ
軪ֵؼǡɽԡ׸ѶȻǳߣѡ׸衭
ںˣôˣڳ֪֮ˣ治ĻǾֻ̭ˡ
ֳһǣһЦȻ֪ʤ˵ʱĿǳأģʤԻء
˵ĿأʱҲпڳ֮˶Ȼ൱Ŀɿڴ
ҲǽĿҪЧڴ
̨ϣʤûʶԼ˵ʱĿ˴ȥ֮صѾ׼
ֶĴָǰ
ǰһ𣬹ʤʱ࣬ûôˡ
ɽԡһ׺ϵĸ裬Ҳһ׺ܾĸ裬е˶ǳϤ
ǰһ̣ܶ˶һʱ۵ĸоѾкܳһʱ䣬û׸ˡ
һȻϤС
λʦǰ֣Ҳ΢΢۾ҲͬеС
һ뵽Ҫ׸ˣ˵Ŀ֮أȫԾĴһ
ͻȻ֮Щͺ£Ą̊́ϵĴһڣǴؿĸ˲ͰӿϤ֮лơ
ĻһһּΪ飬ǲϣôһ顣
ǰļһʵʱԽԽҲԽԽǿҡ
ǽ̨ϵĴ壬Ŵ建ͲٵߣǵĶҪɤˡ
λʦȻѡֵĶǶԸǳϤ֪ǰൽ͸óһˣǵҲͬһ
̨ϣʤ֪λʦ͹ǴʱĽţѾԼѣڳ˵һʡ
峿һȥԶɽ׺ϼ⡣
ݣ޾

ʤĵһֳ豸ﴫֳ˵ĶУӻǰйڵĶС
ֳˣǵǰйڣȫ鲻Խһ
һġǴʱΨһ뷨
ھֳеĹĿɿڴӻǰеĹĿɿڴкܶĿɿڴͬʱڲסҡͷ
ƺԲţǴʱĸ̨Ǹ˵ǳصĴ
Ƿŵԭɣ
ĸûһ˿Ŀҷʮ־׼Բ߿רҵ質ҵˮ׼
˵̨λģȷڶң
ûԸţҲš
λʦҲͬһ𾪵ɫ軪˲ŵҡҡͷƷơںˣ˫סԼŵ͡
໥֮俴˲ţǲš
λרҵ質ңװһ̨ܵ˰ɣ˵ʱŨŨĿ
ŨŨĿҲ̫ʵһɡ
λʦţͬʱַǳĺ棬⵽˭λ質ңİɣ
Ǻͷȥһ̨ϵ˵˭
Ŀй涨ǲܻͷȥѡֻ֣
ͻȻλʦͬʱһϣͻȻΪ̨ϵѡתͿתȥ
ݵȻˡ
ǣֻžһλʦͬʱתť


һǧʮ һƭֶ
Ŀֳ
ֻžһλʦͬʱתť
ʦθոտʼתλʦѾȲģŤͷ̨Ͽȥ
ڿ̨ѡֵģȻһλѾһ͵ˣֻǿźİϡ
ңλʦܹо̨ϵѡӦõȷһλׯˣ˵ţ壬Ӧġ
Ҳ˵λרҵ質ˡ
һλһ͵ׯˣܹѸ質̶ֳȣȷǳš
ѵܹרҵѵȷܡλʦ
ʱеĹǣȻǲԼĶ䡣ǿλʦôͼͬʱתʱ̲ס˷뼤
ӣλʦҲΪ̨ϵĴ峪÷ǳãôȲתˡ
ǣؼλ峪ʼš
ƺֲòţڸոտʼʱǵΪĿǲǸˣǲǰԭųˣ
ˣԭЩġ
Ȼֻ˵˵ɫͬ峪üԭһ
ţȴֲòţָоʵ̫Ҳ̫ˬˡ
һ̨
йľϲ˷ܡ
Ȼһֿܾǣȷһλׯˣͬʱһλרҵĸ質ҡ
質ҲһҲͻ
ֿ𣿵ȵݳ֮󣬾֪ˣеĹڷǳڴ
ڣȺúõһĸɣúܣҲС


ϵľŵӻ̨ϵĹʤŹʤĸ裬Ҳͬһŵı顣
ʤ边Ȼôãⲻܰɡÿһ˶롣
Щ֮ǰʤ룬֮ǰʱȻҲûôðôһϾͳôˣ
ǺЩɻ
Щֹ֧ʤˣеˡ˷ܣû뵽򣬻ܹѸ質ôãűȺܶǳûء
ЩʣŹʤһͿˣʱ͸Ӽˡ
λʦͬʱΪתǹʤҪˣƾʲôܵǣ
ＵʵԽԽǲˬֳֻˣ˼ҳԭųˣʵǸǹʤġ
ֻǣǵ뷨עˣǴӵĲˬӵļʡ
Сˣ˸ˣ˷ܣáҲ˼ʣ˺ޣ鲻ˬ͸
ֽͬȻͬ飬ĪκΡ

ţ壬ʤҵԺ
ݺ循ϹȻôãƽʱû
Ҳ׷˵
ǰƽʱɤӣȻоҲô
Ϲ˵ǰһڣһֱڽרҵѵ𣿻᲻йϵ
ȷЩϵһôѵҲܲô󰡡룬ϹӦñͳôãֻƽʱʱΪų̂û˷磬û죬оûгʵ
ţӦþԭˣϹ˵̨̨õ豸̨ϳ裬Ȼܹӳʵˡ
ԭϹʵôǿλʦתˣϹԺҪˡ
˵ԺϹѾˣֱֳ˿϶ǳ࣬Ҷˡ
ϹţҲҪųǴϲ°
ԺӵĴ޲˷ܲѣԭֻܹڵϣһһ˼ʮھӣȴõϹ边ȻôãҪˡ
ϹţҲҪųǸеǵõľϲ

Ŀֳ̨ϵĹʤѾˡɽԡĵһ顣
һЩǰĹ룬Ȼ˵һ仰Щڿ֡ˣϽоϲֻ˵һ飬ǵʧ
ڿ֡ˣȻǳ࣬ܶ˶ϰһ鿴һۣȻڵһʱͿһ仰
֮ɻ󲻽⣬ȻʧЦ
ʲôоϲȷǾϲǾţ
УЩˣʹһֶΰˡ̫ͣӦû»ҪһƭǹȥΪһء
ǣôԵֶῴɵƭȥʣûţ
֡ྫʰڳƯ質Ҳãˬʱȥʲô
Щ˾Ͳʹһָһֶǵġ
Ҹոձȷȥһ۵ģһ˵ҷҹȥӦòǾϲǾšˣˣǼ֡ɡ

ܶ˶ΪǾ仰ЩˣʹõһֶΣҪƭǹȥΪһʡ
ϵ
Ҳе˶ΪģȻҲΪܹʲôϲŰѵƵлӣҲһӵ顣
лȥһʲôϵأ֮л͵ˡ
ǣһЩ˰ѵƵл˴ӡ
һлǾлħˡ



һǧʮ Ѱҵľϲ
һЩڿ֡ˣѵƵл˴ӡ
ѰЩ˵ġϲġ
ǿ̨ϣڳѡ֣ȻһλʮҵĴʱǵĵȷȷһ
ֻǿϧֻСûСϲ
Щ˵ľϲǵȷǾˣϲӺʼ뷨
뵽̨ȻʲôѡֶϣʮҵĴ嶼ϡ
ֻǣӵһλ壬αȵų̀֡ϣЩƯС磬С㣿
û

ͻȻһϣǸտʼеעڴϣûôע
ϸһȴǷָʮֵĺǡɽԡһʮ־ϸ衣
׸̨λ峪ģ⵹Щ˼顣
ǽǵעתƵ˸ϣȷá
ǱǴһۣȻͰѵƵлħӵģǾѸ質֮лȥ
Ѿܾû׸ˣǸоǳϤС
ܿ죬ͳ˸һʣֳʱΪҵͻ
ôͳˡֹһ䣬Щźǻûء
ȻѾˣǾͰѵƵлħӰɣ
ǹѰҾϲտʼֻҵûҵϲˣνϲָӦþһλܹѸ質ôá
⵹Ҳȷܹ֮Ϊϲֻǣ֮ǰЩ˵˵ǲ΢һЩ
ùңҪңϵĻ̨ťȴͻȻһ㶣ֹͣ˰̨ťĶ
Ϊ˵ˣллллң
仰ûʲôؼ⻰ȻһַǳŨĿǲȷĿֻ֪ǼĿ
λ˵ʱĿȻ֮أǸոյĸ
ոյĸÿһֵķʮ־׼һ˿Ŀλ峪ģ
һ֮صĴ壬ܹĸδЩ̫˰ɡ
ͻȻǿҵȤոҪ̨˼׵ԺҪŪոǸ裬ǲλ峪ģ
ǣ֮ǰЩ˵˵һҲˣһ־ϲ
ֳͻһ˸߹һˣƺûͣЪ˼ʤ״æסĵл
ոյһ׸裬ĸоǳãҲ÷ǳˬ֮ǰϼҳɤӺʱ򣬴ûйָо
ӣֻרҵ̨ϳ裬ҵĸоܹԼˮƽ
ڸոԼķӣʤҲǳϲ⣬֪Լһγúܺá
ȻôλʦΪתڵĹ˷ܣ
ͻ˺һ֮󣬲ŽƽϢ
軪Ȳ˵ʤ곤˵Ӧýһ磬ϾǱ̨ҽⱻᣬΪڴء
δ˵꣬æϣ軪ѾڴˣУ硯ҲѾˣ㹻˰ǸʤʵҲӦýһ磬νΪȡ
Ҳδ˵ͱˣƷƵҲ˰㿴˼ҹ˵öˡ
軪

ں۵ƽ㣬㲻Ҳ˼ҹ𣿺ˣˣˣ˼ҹ磬ȿȣ˼ҹʤΡ
軪

Ʒƣ
λʦ˵ֳЦλʦǳеģҪʤǵĶ顣
еĹǣȫ÷ǳ˷ڴ
ΪʦǵԸԽУԽǼңڹ˵Խпͷ
ոչѰҡϲ¹ǣʱҲ۾Ͼ˷ܵɫ
ʱ֪Ŀĵʦ˻ڣ˵п㣬˵ڴ˷ܡ
ӣѰҵľϲֻǴ質úãеʦ˵Ļڡ
ľϲ
ͻȻ֮䷢֣ȡ֡Ҫÿ̫ˣǶԡ˼ΪǿҵȤ
̨ϡ
ʤȷЩΣȻǾϲ˷ܣ֪Ӧ˵ʲôֻǲס˵ллллλʦ
ֹƬ̡
ں˵ʤҲ㠯ţׯ˵ݣֻҷǳ֪ǲǻһݣĳ質ŵĸֻ֣ܹרҵѵ
⣬λʦ֪еĹҲ֪ȫϸš
ʤûݣһֱڼֵˣҲûнܹרҵѵʮǰʱһλ質ңǴסһʱ䣬Ҹѧһʱĳ衣
軪ӿʵѧ˶ã
ʤס˴塢°ɣҲѧ塢¡
ʵλ質ҽʲô֣˵𣿵ȻҲǻĻֻǵķǳ档
ʤҡͷҲ֪ҵʱʹû˵ʱʲô˵ԭ򡣡
ԭλʦͬʱͷúЩź
еĹˣҲͬ÷ǳź



һǧʮ ԰ʸ
󣬽˵ʮǰѧһʱ䳪裬ȻڳôõȫԭƽʱڼǲǾϰ
ʤͷǣϲ裬ڼûµʱͳһǶϹ
ЦǿɲϹϹɳˮ׼
ʤǲ˼˵ʦˡ
λʦֱ˹ʤһЩ⣬Թʤ˽⣬Ҳͬӵ˽⡣
λʦΪʤȫʹ˻йʮ˷ܣЦϡ
󣬹ʤѡѡĵʦǽ
ҮǴʤһһЩķֱ軪Ʒơںһۣǳ˷ܡ
軪Ʒơں̾Ϣѣûʤĸеǳź
ʤԻһλѧԱĿֱָܹھ֡
ܹھҫ֮⣬ҪǻܵõһĸǶܹھʮֵĿ
ۿһλܹܳھѡ־ǰȴûеõźͿ֪ˡ
ʤѡ˽һԵͽҪ˵Ľడ
ٺ٣Ҿ͸оѡ񽪻ҵĸоǷǳ׼
һĵ˷ܣλʦһź̫˼ˣһĽĿԽԽϲˡ
ǰλѡֳѾϲˣ滹ʮλѡ֣治֪ľڵǣڴ̫ڴˣ

ʤѡ˽ֳĹڶԴҲ۷׷ףĿӿʼڣѾܵξϲ
ǶԽѡֳڴ
һλѡ֣

Ŀʱ򣬵ڶ׶εʵʱӦó¯ˡ
ܶ˶Եڶ׶εʮڴһ׶Σ֡8.01.5
1.5ʣ΢һЩ⣬û뵽ʵҲ͡
˶˵ոտʼ1.5ʵϾԲ߻ĽĿĴ
1.5ʣȻǡˡ
ʾ͸óˣ֡ʣ϶ߡ
ڶ׶εʼ¯ܶ˶ʼ顣
ڶ׶εӦϾͳˣҹơ֡Ӧܹﵽ8.2ˡ
֡ﵽ8.2ҸȤǡʻή٣1.31.2
ҹ½ĻȽ϶࣬ΪкܴһˣǳĴȥģĴ֮Ƕѡֻ̨ʣЩ뿴ˣЩж٣ԣҲ²1.0ҡ
1.0ңӦýôɣһΪ1.2ҡ

ħӡ
ħȻҲͬǳעڶ׶εʡ
ڸ߲쵼ĽȺ
̨κ˵ڶ׶εҪˣ֪ûпͻ8.3
̨ܵ8.3пܣҲ8.2
ӪܼƵӦ8.28.4֮䣬⣬ʵҶԡʸȤ
ֲܼ1.01.2֮ɡʶǴ˵Ѿֵÿϲɺˡ
ԱĽȺ
֮ǰͼƭȥһ㡶ʡǶڲֶˣҹǵһ׶εʣ½ıȽ϶ࡣ
½öҲǸһѵɣԺ󻹸Ҳѡͬڲˡ
ﻹʲôԺǵġܰһͲˣôܻеڶ
ˣͳƲǱѾѵڶ׶εͳƱˣǵĽĿǶ٣ףôܣͳƱ԰ɣ
ôˣǶ٣ҿԵİﲻˣ7.2ȵһ׶0.2Բۣȵȣʲô7.2ôܣôܻ7.2Ӧ8.2Ŷ԰ɡ
7.2ԲܰͳƲǱ߲飬϶Ǹˣôܲ7.2
ҿһ¡أԲۣ2.3ԲܣǸˡ

߲쵼ĽȺ
Ƶ̨ѾˣǴģѾͳƲǱº˶ˡ
κţѾˣȷǴģͳƲǱϸһ㣬һͳƱҲݸʲô
ܵ7.22.3һ
ʵȻǲܵˡ
һ쵼ӶΪͳƱһǰݸˣôĻݣͳƲǱ߸Ͻͳơ
ǣǵȴһµͳƱͳƲǱߵĻظͳƱûд֡ڶ׶ε7.2ڶ׶εʣҲ2.3
ôܣ
һ쵼ӳԾĵɴ˫ۡ



һǧʮ һҪԭ
ħӡ
һ쵼˵ʱϵݲûдһǴʧɫ
ôܻûдأ
֡ʣ8.07.2ʣȴ1.5ǵ2.3ôأ
ͳƲѾٴȷϹˣ˵ǲܻġ
ѵģ
κüͷɫʱͺˣȻ7.2ʣȻԶԶڡ2.3ֻܽݡ
ڽȺ˵ô£׷ʲôҶϽȥ飬̵ʱڣҵԭ򡣡
˵֮κҲûŵȴ𰸣ԼҲ׼ȥһԭ
Ƶ˴ӣҪԭЩȻҪ˽顣
ԭмտڳַ˼òһԭȫġˡ
ħӵ쵼ܡơ˲ҵһȥѰԭһԼҲ׼һԭ
ͬƵ˴ӣʱǲòԿһˡ
ħȫԱȺ
ʲôݲûд⡭ôأ׷ʲô
֪ˣ֮ǰЩ˵ˣҪȥһһȥһֱûзӦˡϽǣʡǱߵô£
Զԣһȥû˷ӦҶˣѾˡ
ˣˣˣ٣ˡ֪Ϊʲôǣڶ׶εӦóˣǵǲǵˣǲˣ
ȷˣǵûȽ϶࣬Ѿ7.2ǵҲȽ϶࣬Ѿǵ2.3
ȻѾԤϵˣ
ѾԤϵˣ׷ʲôϽ˵̫죬̫ˡ
Ⲣ죬Ҳڵ׷ʲôһ仰˵Լɡڵĵǣǵʻµʻǡ֮ǰˡ
⡭ⲻܰɣô
Ҳϣⲻܣȴĵȷȷʵ˵ˣԼɡ

һħӵԱǳ״סˡ
ѵ֮ǰǸӣ
Ҳ޷ˣ׷װѵƵ˴ӡ

ӡ
еĵ̨Уעʵģħ֮⣬ȻǸˡ
ΪʼлкֻΪǲáѡ˷
Ȼѡ˷ǶԡʣȴǸĹע
ȻϣԽԽãΪֳܹ֮ǰľȷġ
⣬Ըȡǵרҵ޸ġǱϲ˵ʲôʵЩˬġ
ҲͬϣԽԽãһŻ֪ȡǵ޸ľǴģҲŻ˶ڡ
һ׶εʳ֮1.5΢һ⣬ܶ˷տʼ1.5Ҳ
ң1.5ʣڡĸ˵Ҳ൱ʧܵġ
ԣӵˣǷǳ˵ģʹȻ롣
ַǳڴģſڶ׶εʣŵڶ׶εһ½ġ
ǣڶ׶εʳ֮иӵȫɵˣҲͬеţҲͬǲǰݸˣ
ôǣһһôࡣ
ֻǣǰһ٣ٶϸȷ֮󣬷ݸûг
Ҳ˵ڶ׶2.3ˡ
ʵ2.3ʲ£µǣǳһּǵơ
2.3˭֪һ׶εֻǶ٣
ڸӵĽȺ
̨Ҷ˵ô£ôǣһô죿
칫˵ʱѾȥˡ⣬ҸոҲѵƵˣ׼ԿҸոջʱûпʲô
ֲָܼҲ˵̨ҲѾȥˣȻԼҲڲ飬ȷ͸Ź졣
˺һЩ쵼ʾڳһ顣
ҶãҪԭ򡣡
Ҷüͷ壬ҲͬƵ˴ӣԭǲ㿴ġ
ԭ򵹲ΪмΪ⵵ĿӦǸӣһлƳģֻˡ
ΪˣŲ㿴¿ģڣȴǲòˡ
̨ʮִ磬̨ϵѡֳͨڰĳ衣
֮ǰе࣬ûʲôرġ
ȻΪոհƵлԭ
ҶüͷȻڿͬʱȻֻˣڻżĳԼںĳ⳵ϣΪ˵Ŀ߻ʱĳ
ԡĽĿ߻ǸеΪ޵ģֻΪһȱݣѡ˷
ʱҶȻãһ


һǧʮ ˣ
ϡ
һǶԵڶ׶εʣҲͬǳעǿĿ֮Ҳͬɵˡ
ô£֡ʾȻ½ô࣬ȴôࡣ֮ǰǶ˵һµ𣿡
֪Ҳأ˵ܰѵܺÿĹԽԽˣ
ˣ֮ǰ˵ǸϽȥ˵ʲôоϲȥԺڡѵǲһƭֶΣоϲ
Ҳⲻܰɡ
Ҳòܣڶ׶εôͣ
ѵģĺܺÿ
Ҳȥʲôֱȥһ֪𣿡
ðɣǾȥһ

һѡˣƵӡ
ңһε١
ȻиȻǲȥ֡أ˼ȥʲô
2.3ôǴС֣롶֡7.2ʣȻŷǳңԶľء
˵֡ȻȡҪÿ࣬Ϊġ

̨Ȧӡ
Ŀڶ׶εҲһڵ̨Ȧӵֱ±ˡ
֮ǰȫһ֡ʾȻµô࣬Ӳ˼ǣʣȻôࡣ
֮ǰһǶĵ˵1.5ǡ۷𣿽ͻ»
ڵʵô
ô£ôôࣿ
˭֪Ҳ±ء
ʵɣ2.3ڡĸǰ˵Ȼ൱ʧܵģֻҪټǾС
Ը˰Ĳٿˡ
ǵԸҪˡ
ɶʲô˼˵ʻǣƾʲô϶
Ӧöûпɣǻһɣ֮Ǿˡ֮ǰˣ˰ǲġ֮ǰȻȥЦЦ
ʲôòɶ̼˰ɣ
ܴ̼Ҳ˵ɣǱ̼ˣеĵ̨һһţ˴ӣЦ֮ǰڳЦӺͿڵſӵЦſӵ̨̨ⲻ֪Цǣǰ
ܴ̼ˣܴ̼ˣܴ̼ˣⶼʲôʲôʲôֱں
ں˵ĻҲ˵Ļʮҵ̨ǧ˶˴жϺѡѵЦȦ˾Ǵӵ̨ˣĿδؾͱǸѡʱҲδˡгǣȴ֪ӦþԵԼҲͬĲ߻һ䲻ĺġȴѡ˾ֻȦĵһˡ
ǿŰɣʻǣǵһ˶Ծ֡
Ҳǡа˰ɣ˼ʻճ֡ɣ̫˰ɣʣ롶֡ʣڻһηǳңԶľ롣
ǣ˵ʻǣ⵹ǵȷпܣ˵š
ðɣҪ˵ʣᳬ֡ڵȷұ֤Ըᳬɡ
Уұ֤ǻ˵϶ͿţǸո˼һΪʣҪͻء
ˣ˵ˣһڿҽҲϽ֮ǻͻ֪ǾԲΣˡ
Ϳұȷʹ㿴һģȻ˵ţڼȴʵһҪһƾʲôǵô죿
ɣɣҵҪʲôĵط

ղŵһۣе̨ȦӵˣȫƵ˴ӡ
һΪǱҲȷ㿴һˣ1.5ǵ2.3ʵΪ̨Ȧӵˣǿ϶Ҫȥоһ
Ϊ쵽̨ʱǵ쵼϶ʹѯʴҵĿо͸ˣҲ쵼ǰúõչʾһԼԼְнĳ롣
һ棬ǾŸոǼ˵Щ˵Щ˵Ϊ˽޷ǿˡ֮󣬷ҪȥǼһ



һǧʮ ʴ˳
⣬һǳȺ壬Ҳͬǳע֡͡Ŀ
Щμˡ֡ѡǣڲŵĵһڵЩѡ֡
Ϊ¼ǽϣܹĹһڼտ֡
һտһѵףףأȻ󻹿˿ǡǶԽĿԼĴͳޣʵһǳõ顣
ȻЩʱҲῴ˶ǶĹǱϾȻ鲻ˬҲܹԼ̬
ڳ˹ע֮֡⣬ԡҲͬʮֵĹע
Ϊǡ֡ͬĿͬһʱ䲥˫ʵľ֮ϣٶЩ˳˼
ǿûʲôܻһġ
⣬Ŀ֮ǰıԤѡУҲܹͬʱС
ΪԲ߻ĽĿλصʦǸʱҲǹ֡Ϊȥμӡ
ԥһ֮ջûȥμӡǼμӡ֡
Ϊһȱ㣬ձ鿴˥Ϊ佫һʧܵĽĿ
ΪѡѡֺɰٴֻҪ質ĺãʲôһֻЩ಻أ޷ͨ֡ѡˣŻȥμӡĸо
ҲȥμӡˣǱָ̭֡о
ȥμӡ翴ƺһΡ
ԣǲûȥǿɲԸⱻΪһΡ
ȻûȥҪԭ򣬻Ϊô֡ʣԶԶ
Ŀһ׶εʿҲȷ֤һ㣬1.58.0֮䣬νǳңԶ߸Ͳͬһ
ҲЩԭԥҪȥμӡûȥˣҲѡ
ǵûäĿȻڿɾͿˡ
֮һרŵȺÿһ˶ǳԾ
һ׶εʳˣ֡Ȼһǿƣ8.0ʣжͬʱտǵĽĿ˷ܺͼ
˵ѡ֣Ǳǡ̭֡ģǵôܻߣ
ûѡȥȻڸÿˡ1.5ʵҲȴԶԶ޷֡͡ȡ
Ҽǵ֮ǰһ÷ǳƯģлʫ˵Ҫȥ֪ȥûУ
ӦȥˣһЩ˵ˣ˵ôȰлʫҲҪȥɡ
ǿϧˣ˵лʫ곤÷ǳƯ
Уǲϵ˵ѣȻִҪȥҲòĳʵһ㣬˵еƫϡ
⵹ҲпܣǷǳƯĻһǳĺڡ
лʫȷǳƯҼҺͬһѡƬģʵѾͨˡ֡ĺѡʼѡ֣ͷˡ֡ȥˡȸոǸõӣҪƯöࡣ
ҲûҪƯöࣿļٵģôִҪȥ
ǾͲö֪ˣҲѾ˰ɡ
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һڡ֡ѡһ߿Ŀһۣνǳˬ
ֻǣȵڶ׶εʳ֮ˬͻȻˬࡣ
ʲôΪʲô֡ԽԽ˰ô½ôࣿ
Ӳ˼ǣʾȻǵ2.3һһǣѵܶ࿴֡ˣȥˣ
ҲȻ鷢ô˧ŮȥЩòôˣ޷
ҲżҲֻһ⣬һ׶ε˵ˡң7.2ȻҪԶԶ2.3ġ
ǣǵĹȻҪԶԶǣûбҪż
żĲڣǵһִ˳ƣһ׶εʱٽǣǿɾĳˡ
Ӧòٳ˰ɣӦֻһ⡣
Ըһɡ
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ãҲȥҵĳںΣڻ硣

һڡ֡ѡǣڸе˼ͬʱҲֵܹ
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ֻٶһЩЩ˫ʣ˳ȥǿɾ˴ˡ
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һǧʮ ڲͬѡ
Ϊڶ׶εʼǵԭ򣬴ӶµĹڡ
֮ͨѣħӡӵӵĸ߲쵼ͨԱме̨ȦӵˣһЩ֡ѡֵȵȡ
ѡ񿴴ӣеĴΪ棬ҲеΪ˴̽顣
ʲôԭǸոյƵлӵʱ򣬶Щֳ֮ǰһ¹һ
ǲ̫ʱ䣬ˡ

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ѾǴӸĿʼ¼ˡ
˷ܵԭ򣬳˴¼2.3֮⣬Ϊ2.3ʣԲǡյ㡣
ŵڶ׶2.3һһȻȻиöģΪԭ򣬱ŸĿĵˣѡտӡ
ӵĹ࣬ȻҲǡ
ȵ׶εʳ֮ǻӵȻȻֻиѡտ
һѭʽڽջᵽһĸ߶ȣ
ڲҿ϶Ҳ޷Ԥ⣬ȴǳڴ
˷ܵĶ˵ڶ׶εʳˣ2.3Ƿǳ󰡣
һЦ˵Ƿ󡣡
ЦǣǣȻ˵ˣǽǷһ󡣶˵ǵʣܹǵ٣
Ҳ˵׼һһǳϲ˵֡
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ȻλѡȻ̭ˣջʵҲС
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Уڡ̨ϳһ׸裬ѾĹڿٶӮһķ˿
ԣܱ̭֣ջʵҲС
Ȼڵλѡ˵ȻǷǳźвɣûа취Ѿ̭ˡ
вμӸĻᣬҲԾڣ̨Ҫرˡ
ԣϹ֮󣬻˳ʱ򣬾ϱֵЦݣȴۿת
λʦеĹǣﶼһ̾ûа취Ǳ
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λѡֺȻһλȽŲ֮ˣ֮ϣ˫һӣĻ̨롣
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ǣӵ룬֮ǰԲʵ֣ûһĿΪṩ̨
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֮ǰΪ߻⵵ĿǸԼԸгʵһС
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ֳ˺һ֮󣬲ŽͣϢ
ֳǵϣտʼʱһ㵣ϣЩλʦף̨׼ѡ֣һǳġڲͬ
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ǺЩ棬Ҳǳڴ



һǧʮ ʧȥһ
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ڲͬӽɣ̨
̨֮ǰһֱǳΪţΪ¹ǲԸ衣
ڣֳϢĽƽȡ֮Ǹж뼤
ǲûвĿҲûܹȷμӡһǳȷľ
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ֳҲñ֮ǰӰеĹڶڴڴ̨ϵѡ֣ܹ
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ʱҲ֪ƾһеʦΪתġ
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ȵɳ꣬һλʦΪתɼֳĹҲԵ˷ܡ
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֮ǰ˶޷顣
֮ǰһȽŲ㣬εˣ˵ԼҪȥμѡĿԻЦ
ȥμѡĿǼֱͺͰβࡣ
ûһĿѡͨѡҲûйڻ֧֣õĿܻᰲοһ£õǾǳЦЦ
ڣɲͨˡĳѡֱֳ̨ϣõֳйڵֺ֧ǵõ˵ʦǵϿɣɹһ׶εı
ʲôһеĸı䣿ǵʦ͹ǸıԼ֮ǰĿ
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ħ̨κŵĿֳĻ棬ԽԽӡ
֪ˡʻἱǵԭǸͲʲô⣬ǡ̫ˡ
ҲͬĿˣԲԸϣʵȷˡ
֪һοˣѡĿȷгɣⲢţеѡĿҪȥѭɡ
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κ֮ǰŻˣĽĿĴڡ
ڣǰʵˣĽĿĴڣֻ֮ǰ͸ˡ
κص̾һ֪һǣǷ͡
ֻϣʣղҪ֡
ħӺܱ֡͡סһ˿档
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쵼߲ȺܡơˣҲͬ̾
Ҳ֪һοˣǱлᣬѡģǴҪһ˿ԥûС
ǹѡ롶ͬһʱ䲥֡ڿҲһΪǵľһ޴ľ
ںҲãҲûİ취ֻţʣ޷֡Ǳסһ˿档

ħӵ쵼ǣ֪ǰѡۣʮӵ쵼ǣȻҲ֪ͬˡ
лᣬѡǶûץסᡣ
ٺҲãֻţʲҪ̫ߣܹ5.0¡
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еУڵȻǸӣǵһ롶Ӵӡ
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ڣʵǰȷʧȥһ

ʱ˿̣Ψһ̾Ϣ



һǧʮ 
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̨Ȧӵ˲֨ˣ֡ѡҲ֨ˣѾ֪ǣ⡣
ȫĿţѡһһĳ
ҲֻͬϣʲҪ̫ˡ
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⣬֡ʼͣʼǡ
ңǷһ׶ʱ
̨쵼̨Ȧӵˣ֡ѡֵȵһšʲҪ̫ߵˣԽԽ
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ٴǣҲͬȻ󲨣˵һ׶ε⣬ôڼǣ֤ˡ
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ʽҪ֡ѾΪ˲ɸĵʵ
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ǸʱǶ仰Ϊ̫ţ̫൱ȻˣΪǾܵġ
ڣ仰Ϊʵǳ̾Ϣ֮⣬֨һ
ʱһλȻԭ缫ȿ˥ġʾȻڶʱھʹﵽ5.1
ңʹͬһʱ䲥ģԭġ֡ʣڶʱ8.05.2
ӿµǣȻûнһ׶ΣһϮһٷ
ЩûпˣΪľȺͲ˼飬ˡˣΪʵҲѾǵԤ֮С
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Щ֡ˣȰȻǾԺڡЩûп֡ҲûпˣҲȰǸϽ򿪵ӣѡӣ֮ǾԲڣ
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һĽĿһԺڵĽĿֻ˵ˣԼѡɣ
֡ȷʣ˵ǣȡ֡Ҫʵö࣡

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һǧʮһ ڣ޵
ԽԽ֮ǰӲֽĿˣѡտӵĹԽԽࡣ
ûã׶εʳ¯֡»»ĻȱС֮ǰ5.2»4.8
ʣһξ˵֮ǰ5.1ֱӱǵ7.0Ϲ˵˫ۣ
7.0ʣáʵתǽ֡ԶԶ˦˺档
⣬ûнʻһ·
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ȷʵѾǰʣֻǾԲֱͣߵ÷񡣰ǵĿⶼ


лʫڡ̨ϣС֡ѡǣȫ鸴ְ̾ѡ
ЦлʫͷӰ죬ʧȥԼжҲ϶лʫһǳĺڣޡ
ڣʵ֤˼лʫѡȷģлʫǿö׼
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һŮڡ̨ϣһŮӨġ׷ˡһʮ˷ܺڴ顣
λʦҲͬ۾һڴ
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ϤɣϤĸʣֳеĹԵøӵ˷ܣܶ˶鲻Խĸų
Ȼǲûзĳ
ܹù鲻Խĸųɼ̨лʫ곪Ǽõġ
λʦĶУҲͬǳĳɫλʦȫѡת
ת󣬿̨ϵлʫ꣬λʦУȫ¶֮ɫ
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ʵʮλѡֵĵ̨ݳʹýĿʱѾˡ
ֻǣĿ̫ھʣϲǲϣôҾʱ÷ǳ죬ʱ䳤ˡ
ʱ򣬽Ŀôʱ䣬λʦȴһҲƣҲһֽĿ漣ˡ
ǱѡĿ¼ųʱ䣬ʦ˵ίǣѾƣˣмҲѾϢ˶Ρ

ܹĲᣬʦδĿȻڼһλѡѾѡͨ߳
һλѡ֣ҲͬһŮӣֻ֮ǰлʫʵ̫ͨˡ
ǲлʫȣҲͬԵ÷ǳͨͨߣͨģͨòȺоҲ
ȻеĹǲеʧѡ֣ą̇̄ġ͡лʫּŮϾǼ
ѡ֣ҲͬʮֵڴҲͬʮҵ
ֳеĹУһŮ˷ܺڴ
ŮġòܹƵŮǱˣСܿ
֮˷ܺڴֻΪ̨ϣһλѡ֣ȡ



һǧʮ Ĵϲ
̨ϣһѡȣǸ֡ѡֳŮӡ
Ϊһѡ֣Ⱥ˷ܣҲѹ
Ϊĳ˵ǽѹѡ֣Ȼⲻǿⰲŵģǳǩ鵽ģô˵ҲԱ֮Ϊѹѡ֡
ѹˣǾܹһһڶЧûѹãǾͺпýĽĿͷ֡
ĻǾ̫Բ֪֮ˣ˷ܵͬʱѹҲǳ
ңǰѡ֣һŮӣֻҲͰˣؼҲãλʦȫתΪʹ˻
ֳĹҲΪ˷ܡѡ
ѡǼΪɹģûѹãǺпܻ˵ӦǸŮѹġ
ԭ򣬶ȵѹ󣬺Ҳǳ㣬ǱԿеѡ֣ܹסѹʮ㡣
վ̨룬֪Լǰһѡһüǵ˷ܣǾ̨ĿǰΪֹһ޶ù˷ܡ
ֶʦĴָʾԼѾ׼ˡ
ǰ
ǰһֳйڣǵӻǰйڣ鶼˷ܣɻڴ
˷Ϊ׸裬Ҳͬһ׼ÿ˶ǳϤĸ裬ͬƷݳġҵδΡ
һʮֺ־ĸټ׸ĵһĹ£ܹڡ̨׸裬Ƿǳ˷ܡ
ɻΪ̨ϵѡһŮȴѡһݳĸ裬Щ֡
Ϊһ£Ůѡݳĸ衣
ȻҲǲԣԹǲȣֻ΢һɻ
ڴˣһŮҵδΡ֪һĸоǻûʽ̨ڴ
ֻ˭Ҳû֪ǵıܿͻʧɫʲôΪŵһ㡣
ϵı飬λʦĿλʦЩɻ󣬹˷ܺڴɫǿ⣬мɻɫôһ£
ѵǲΪ̨ϵѡܹ׸裿
λʦС˼䣬ҲԽһλѡֵı֣ڴ
̨ϣȻͲߣ˵һʡ
ǲ̫µͷ
źˮĬĬĹ
ǲҾĮ
ҲԼҪ

ࡢ߿д͸ԭָ߿ЩһҲͬʶȺܸߡ
λʦ۾ӽһѡ֣ʵҲǳ
Ҫ֪ҪסҵδΡоҪǺܸߵġ
λʦȫ룬Ҫһλѡ
ֻͻȻ㵵ķ֣ϵı鲻Ծϵıȫ𾪡㵡ţЩڵųɴġ0ͣþûк£ƺʲôΪ˼顣
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
λʦһ㵣̨ϵѡֳõȷǷǳĲʶҲߣǵıûҪôŰɣ
λʦ໥֮俴ȫ⣬׹ǵı飬Ϊʲô˿ţ
λʦ⣬Ϊǲ̨֪ϵѡʵһŮ
ȵתʱҲͬἫȵľ㵡
ڣڹ˵̫𾪣̫˼ˡ
ȿ֮ǰԺȵҲŮݳҵδΡһʲôĸо
Ҳ벻һڣȻ
꾹ȻңַǳȻһ㲻ֻԻΪһиݳ
ֱ̫˼ˣһ̨
˺һ֮󣬹𾪵ıʧȡ֮˷ܣƲס˷ܣȸղżŮлʫ껹Ҫ˷ܡ
ոյľ㵣Ҳ˾ϲȵľϲ
ӽĿʼڣѾ֪ܵ˶ٴξϲһεľϲȴġ
ǿ̨ϵŮȣһִȻǷǳϲĸָоʵ̫ˡ
Ƿǳϲĸо
ʱ˺ȻϾˣ֪ڡ̨ϣǸѡ˭ˣ
ʶ˭
ҲʶҼ֡ĺѡֳȥμˡ֡ĺѡֻǣ̨֮ոտڳһ䣬ί͹ǵĺЦ̨ˡҶĳѾûʲôӡˣ裬ϡӦþˡֻǣƺûôȻȥҲûôȻҲΪֻһ̨ˣûгõˮ׼
ԭȷͨ֡ĺѡҲù졣ڣעҪڡ̨ϴˣһ̨
ǰȷһ̨ܹһ̨Щѡ֣ǹ˵һΪ˵顣




һǧʮ 
Ŀֳ
һλѡ֣˹һϲһ̨
ȳһ鸱ʱƷƵһתת̨ѡֵģʱ鲻Խġһ
ȻѸԼ˫֣סԼͣϵı飬֮ǰϵı˶٣ǼΪľȡ
ƷƵľ軪ںλʦȫɻƷƵĵʦοȥܹǿƷƵһ
ȻƷƵı飬ƷƸոյľ˫Ķ֪ʱƷһǳľȡ
˾ȵԭ򣬺Ծ̨ϣڳһλѡ֡
֮ǰǾȣƷҲȣ̨ϵѡֵʲôһ
軪ںҲ̲סģֱ˵ʦϵתť
ȻѡתΪ棬ǱתĴ㣬ֻΪǰˡ
ת֮ˣǺƷ˾ȵԭ
Ϊ˴ʱҲͬľȣ̨ϣΪһһѡ֣ȻһŮ
һŮ˴ȻԼһ˸е˼顣
̨һλѡ֣Ҳͬһ˼顣
ԭЩһѡ֣û֮ǰһЩѡޣ޷ﵽѹЧĻȻҲӰʲôٻ˸еһЩź
ڣֵ˲ûˣ̨ϵѡ̫ˣܹﵽѹЧ
ھȹλʦҲԵ˷ܣܹλѡ뵽鵱УҲԻһλѡ֡
ǣѡֵݳδλʦѾʼĥҪβܹȡ
̨ϣȿλʦȫתҲͬԵ˷ܺͼ
ңʦǺ͹ϱֳ𾪱飬Ҳ֪ԼһѾɹˡ
ʱ֮ǰ֡ĺѡ̨ϣʱ龰
Ǹʱֻڳһ䣬ͱֳίϣټˣȻֳڵĺЦУǱ̨
Ǹʱң׼׵ķˣһҲʵˡ
ڡ̨ϳ裬龰ǸʱȣֱԨ֮
ţ鲻Խһʪۿ
ֳĹȺУСܿҲͬʪۿλʦȫתΧ𾪡ϲ˷ܵı飬֪һĳɹˣ룬ܹʵˡ
֪Сܿۿеˮʼ䡣
̨ϣȼסˮ䣬ݳڳһʡ
һסҵδΡŮֳΪҵͻ
ֳٴδﵽ߳Ѿ֪ǽĵڼθ߳ˣ
ڵʦǵѯ֮£ȿ˵һҽܡ
һ˵ٴһΪ˵ʱȫŮǻΪĺ
ԭΪ˵ʱҲһȥһЩ졣
ڲ֪ȫͲôһ¶˼˵ʱȫŮ
棬λʦ˴սȴѾʼˡ
һΣλʦֶͬξþսΪļҡ
գѡں
ںϲվõĴ󽱣軪Ʒһ̾Ϣеǳź
˳
˳ǾζŽĽĿˣʦҪѡһλѧԱֻܵȵһ֮ȥˡ
ҪٿһλѧԱҲֻͬܵȵһ֮ȥˡ
һǿҵĲϮÿһڵͷȫûпôͽˣ
ܹ᣿ĽĿҲѾˣټ
һγ̨ϣһν֮ӻǰĹ˵ټֱֳ
ڵƽָ֮£̨жֱֳźš
ӻֳĻʧһι˳
ӻǰĹǷ׷׿飬ͲٶֱһֳĻ
ȻѾˣֳͬп㰡Ĳ˵ʦ볡ֳĹ볡Ҳð
ǵģôжֱźŸɶ
ӻǰĹǿ²ۣϧЧ²ҲãѾлصֳˡ
˹棬ӻǰĹȫϣֳĻˣǾֻۣոֱġˡ
˶һۣҲܹͬǸе˷ܡ

һݲֳ
ֱźȻѾжϣֳȴûֹһС֮Ž
֮
λʦصʦϢϢֳĹ½ݲſȥ
ǼٲᣬĿҲѾˣֻܹ뿪ˡ
Ȼǲǰ뿪໥֮˷ܵһۣһ뿪
ݲֳʮֵ֣Ц˴



һǧʮ 
һۣһ߳ݲ
һ棬λʦǸѡѧԱعԱİ£Ҳаš
ĿԱҲھԵ˷ܵУĽĿʵ̫ɹˣԶԶĳɹ
ǽҪúõףһ
ֻڻףʱǻȰѽĿֱĺɡ
̨ͬȵ˷ܣԶԶ󣬱ʱμʻҪߡ
һ׶εʱûгţһһ׶ε14.5Ҫߡ
һ漣ʣһ漣ĽĿ
ڻ룬ǧͶʣͻһĿɹͶ֮һ
֮ǰ֪ᴴ֮ߵʣ˵ǧͶʣڡڣڵͶʣһе̨ԴҪ
ȴֻͶǧ򣬱ˣʵ̫ˡ
̨쵼ǣѾѳӶˣŸ̨쵼ǣʱ˿ֻ೦ӵĺڱ飬̲סķǳˬ
γ֪ܶĵ̨쵼Ǵ̨ȦӵˣڵſЦſ̨
Ȼڣ־ǡžžžĲסоʵ̫ˬ
ֳһ˴ʱ飬Ҳһ˷ܺˬǱ۵ԬԽ
ԬԽʱǧҹҲͬΪԵżȻԲ߻ĽĿʼٲҲܲȥǧͶʾԲ
Ŀտʱ»Ĺ淽ʽѾϲˡ
ڣȻ˳14.5ʣ̫ˡ
Ȼǵ̨ȦӵˣҲ֪14.5ζʲô
֪ʻᳬ14.5˵ǧĹѣڵĶҹѣԬԽҲ˿ԥ
ңһõõһҵ۵Ȼȫ֪Ĵҵ۵󡢸֪ҵҲУһкüҡ
۵һù
ڣͶǧ򣬾͵õˡĶҹȨԬԽģȷľ֮һ
Щſ۵Ѫ޹飬ЦҵӦѾˣԼЦ
ԬԽ˷ܡˬ༸쵼һҵԼ˷л
ЦŻӦ˵ûбҪлԬԽðѪ޹ķգͶǧڵõĻرҲӦġ
ˣ۵ڵõĻرҲ̫ˣԶԶǵԤں
ԬԽͼλ쵼Ȼлѡ

ˣܶҵ쵼ǣʱҲˡһ¡
ǲûտǿûȤʲôѡĿֻǹġ
۵֮ǰͶǧ򣬶ҹһ£ڸҵֵ֮÷зܶҵڵſ۵Ц
ҪЦǾҪ֪
ˣֱӦò˰ɣô˭֪ġ
֪֮ǰûעֽĿн׶ԵʵʱʣȻȫ׼ȷӦܹ鵽ȥ鿴
ȥɣ鵽˸ǣ֪ܹܲ1.5
ȥˣҸոѾˡΪǻǲҪ֪ĺãǺڡھͷǳҿʣҲȥġ
ɶ˼ѵʲ
ǲģ֪֮һڵģǲ֪ĺá
Уɶڵģ˾ǡʻУ۵Ͷʵǧ򲻻С׬ǿЦˡ
ǣ˵ɣ2.53.0Ƕ٣ɴһ㣬˵Լȥ顣
ðɣ׼ɣһ׶εʸոճǡ15.8
ʲô15.8ԲܣΪӴ15.8ʣôܣǷҲôߵġ
ǣǿˣô15.8һѡĿ15.8Ҫ찡
ˣˣԼȥǵģҲ׼
ҵϣҿˣʵ֤ˡУҸող˵ǲҪ֪ĺãֻ֪Լںܡ

˵Ϊ15.8ҵ쵼ǾԲţһѡĿʸߴ15.8ôܣΪ
ǾԵصȥ鿴ϵǹģ˭ȥ鿴
ݣ̨ͳƵʵݣСԺԡ
ǿϣһ׶εʱ۾ʱɵùԲ
Ȼ15.8
ʼ1.5һ·15.8굽ʲô
ҵ쵼ǣ׵סˡ



һǧʮ 
ҵ쵼ǳ׵סˡ
ʣȻĸߴ15.8ʣ۵ǧ͵õ˶ҹȨֱǡ
쵼ǳ׵ץˣ֪ܹﵽ15.8˵ǧĹѣڵĹѣҲԸⰡ
ǿ15.8ʣڵĹѾֵ
ڣ۵ֻǧ͵õˣֵڵĹȨֱ˼ʵԷ
Ǳڵſ۵ЦӻЦ
ЦЩҵΪЦ˵Ŀⲻ˼۵ҲͰˣƫƫȥЦ˼Ŀǳ
º˰ɣʵ֤Ŀǳǡ
뵽Щһҵ쵼ǵ飬ͼΪķ͸ӣȺһˣҵҹǸжã
ֻǣڼٺҲã˵ĻͲС
ǻԲһ£Ǿȥ򡶺ʱεĹ档
֮ǰĿҲ棬ΪҪ۲ͣûҵԸ򣬽ĿĽ飬־Ͻۣ˹ûȥ
ڣ֮ǰѾԨ֮𣬸ҵ쵼ǷӦ֮󣬷׷һʱ롶ĿȡϵʾҪ򡶺ĿʱεĹ档
Ȼ֪򣬼۸϶Ͳ֮ǰıˣȻȲ

ӡ
ƽҵ˵кܶҵ绰Ŀ飬ϣܹ򡶺ʱεĹ棬Ӧαۣ
ЦЦش˵֮ǰı屶λĹ涼屶
ҵԸ򣬲ԸǾɿţжҵͬһλǾȷǼҵ
ƽͷϲ̵ĲȥˣЩһ̨˲ͻ׬ûʲô˸˵ˡ

ҵӵĿĻظԭ۵Ļ屶Ը򣬲Ըˡ
ҵһֱۣʨӴ󿪿ڰ
˼15.8ʰʨӴ󿪿զΣ
Ҫ򣬲ߣن£㣬ƾǲһ
Щҵٴԥˣ屶ļ۸ǲòϸһ¡
Щҵһȴûκεԥ屶ļ۸ҲһڵһʱȷҪ˳ˡ
ȵЩԥҵԥһ֮ٴ绰ȥʾԸ⹺ʱ򣬵õĻظȴǲ˼ǸλõĹѾȥˡ
Ҳͬݵģǲԥһ£ûˡ
ЩԥҵνΪƣûа취ֻ̾һ

һ׶εʳ¯15.8ڵһʱʹ硣
̾Ϣ˸̾Ϣʵ˸Ӽʣ˷ܵҲ˷ܡ
λʦ˿һҲû뵽һֱ֣̫ˡ
ڳ˷ܣ˷ܡ
λʦԵ˷˿֮䣬ֿʼ˷ۣܵԼżһѡѧԱУ˭ʵǿ˭ûпܹܳھȵȡ
۵ʮּңҲʮ˷ܡ
ۣҲֻۣͬǺһ۵ġ
ĿǰΪֹλѧԱıޣλʦµѧԱۺʵǿλѧԱпܹܳھȵȡ
Ȼ˼ҵۣѧԱߵͣҲ˳
ЩֱǷἰѧԱȻ͸ߣһʱ֮󣬸ѧԱҪУ
һλŮȣ༫ΪƯֺõлʫ꣬˵ءȴ׼ũʤвмȴֹۡγɣһдɣԬȵȡ
ЩѧԱ½ջһЩԼķ˿
ĿǰΪֹѧԱУϲȣȻƯȴ׵ľҡ
ϲȻлʫ꣬Ư質ֺãؼƯμ֮ǰ翴˥ġɼ۹ⲻͬ졣
ϲʤԵרҵ質ˮ׼ôܹھ
ϲɣϲʼЦݣֹ۵̬

۵ĺ˷ܣЩʱ򻹻ᷢһ
Ȼ۵Ĳֻǽ˵ѧԱЩ̭˵ѡ֣Ҳͬۡ
Ǹѧѡʵ̫ϧˣҾͦõģһΪеʦΪתء
Ҹоʮѡ򳪵Ҳܲôûʦתأ
Ϊʮһѡḽ̌ˣͦϧģ裬ǳио

ܵϡֱ׶εѡ֣Ȼһʵģ϶йΪǳúãǱ̭ˣȻҲЩϲǵĹǣеǳź


һǧʮ ʺ˭Ҫ
۷׷ףӣĿԱ׼ʼףˡ
Ѿæеĺ飬ף̨ҲѾ׼ˡ
֮ǰ׼˵ǵһڽĿ֮󣬾ͿԾ칦ˡ
ڣһڽĿѾʳߣ칦Ȼھˡ
̨ڵ쵼ȫˣһ칦֮⣬˶Եü˷ܣЦﲻϡ
֮󣬴ӵӰʽߣû˸ҺһңнĿʸߴ15.8ĵ̨
һ칦ｻһֱŽ

ڶ죬Ŀ׼ʱ̨ϰ࣬ȴѾȥˡ
ڿʼٵΡĿܸˣһˣȫ˵ƽ
̣ȫͽĿ齻ˡ
ˣٹʣŵƽͽĿԱܹѺһϵнĿá
ھѾ˽ʮʱ䣬Ҳһαңˡ
̨ΡƽԼĿԱȫ뿪еǳĲᣬǼȿܹڽĿһʱ䡣
ֻҪڣ۷ʲô飬Ƕܹǳİģʵ᲻ߡ
Ǻ뿪ղûпڣΪ֪ֳ׵ˣǲһֱǽĿġ
ȻѾ뿪ǾͲٸˡ
ңѾڽĿ˽ʮʱ䣬Ӧøе㹻֪ˣӦټ
ӦŬģǰѡһϵнĿҪá
еʧҲܹˡλðĿ֣ԼĿŬ
Ϊ뿪ĿԱһ󣬲û̫ʱ䣬µ˹һαøɾʮ㣬
һȡλÿ֣һϲ£ͬʱҲǺܴѹ
һôĵڶڡڡһֱܾܲ
򣬾ͻһֿͷޣƽĸоԲ
ԣĿԱҪ㹻˷ܣóʮֵŬС
Ǵ뿪ʧ߳ʼµĹ

죬ϣǸڡĸֻȻϡ
ϣ۵ݱ¼ߡ
̨ڽϰ֮ȫʮִɵģһͬľ
Ǿǳ׵о̣һС
ΪʲôһеˣΪѡĿгɵĽĿȡ˾˵ʣ
ӽ֮ǲӦó׵ģʶֽĿг
ѡĿӦζλǼѭ֮ǰгɣЧ¡ѡֵѡϺɰٴ
ĳɹΪѡѡʱɰٴǻ棿
ĳɹǷԸƣӦθƣǲ߻һڡĽĿûгɹĿԣУж
ȵһϵҪ̨úо̫࣬ЩҲһʱܹġ
ˣ̨ٴһͬۻ೤ʱ䣬ҲҪ롶صЩ⣬׵ķóпʵʩԵĽۡ
ߴ15.8Ŀʣǲòȵӡ
еĵ̨Уħرһӡ
ǳоĸ֮⣬һǳҪ飬Ҫ
Ǿǡ֡ĵڶڣǷ񻹼ѡ롶ͬһʱ䲥
һľ
Ϊڶڼ롶ͬһʱ䲥ôڶڵʣҲͬܵļӰ죬ֹۣӦȻֻ4㼸ӣпܸ͡
ʶȻ࣬˵ߵ֮ǰˮ׼8.0ңߵ7.0ңӦû̫⡣
ĺôԶ׼ؼѡħӵ棬һξͳ׵Ķˡ
ħһӣĩӣ֮ǰĲֱܹ࣬غ蹵ݡ
Ȼˡ֮󣬴ӵӰ϶϶ֱ˵һӾͼ֮УҲͨˡ
ڹǵӡ󣬶Ȼǻʱͣڣĩ֮ϡ
һħӣĩĴӣʲôҲˡ
ң綼֪֮ǰħӣѡ֡롶ͬһʱ䲥ģʲôĿģ֪
ڣǡ֡ˣͼæͷãҲʵ̫ûˡ
ôǡ֡ҪħӵҪ
ȷһΪѵѡħΪչ˼ҵۡ
ΪʸҪҲΪӸҪ˫ִ¡
۴Ͽʼһֱ磬ڿҪ°ʱʱ򣬲˽
ʸҪ
ôֻܲҪӵģѡܿĲʱˡ
ȷһǳѵľ


һǧʮ μǡӰıȨ
ħӾһʱִۣľ֡ʸҪ
ȻˣǾ;繫棬繫¼ȥħʵǲԸ¼һϡ
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Ȼħû˵Ĳʱԭ򣬵е˶֪ҪܿĲʱ䡣
һ֮ǰѡ롶ͬһʱ䲥ڽֻһڣĿһڣܿȷǶˡ
һһƬΪħӲˣҪŸɣԸʵһЩҲܲҪӡ
ҲΪħӵȷģһȻҪ죬ʲôĶҲͶˣԺ취һˣʲҪġ
ӿħӵĹ֮һƬڣһħãָоʵ̫ˬˡ
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ʡʡǵĳֵУƵţȻ뿪ˡĿ飬ûм뿪ʡʡǡ
ħӵĹ棬ֵ÷зȻҲˡ
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ص׼ҪڣӾ硶μǡˡ
ʱأμǡѾӽβֻС˵͸˵˵˵飬μǡӰԶԶģ콫μǡӾ
ֻСμǡӾ֣μǡӰܹﵽ
μǡӾҪҲѰҵյԱѾҵʣµĳﱸԶԾͼˡ
УյԱ֮⣬ɳɮԱҲѾȷˣƼԻ
ȻӾ硶μǡĵѡҲǳҪء
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ռ̳ǵĳ齱ϵͳйڵݷļ飬ֻҪЩ顰ԡˣһλԵĴݡ
ݶİһϷʱ̶ҪָӣҪһʱ䶼УǾԲԼɵġ
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ħĵӾǳ٣еôҲǲҲ̶á
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Ӿ硶Ӵ桷֮Ԫͨ˺ܳһʱ䣬ѺܶħӾַ棬ټϡӴ桷Ѿôʱ䣬Ԫľ鵹ǲˡ
ֻǣӴ桷㣬һʱѰݲС
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Ҫ˵μǡӰȨˣҲǡμǡС˵֮ĵڶ죬524յ10㣬ʥԵ¥УԴӰӹ˾׼ʱ
Ӱӹ˾ʱ䣬ʱʱ̶̿ڹע΢΢һ㱻Ӱӹ˾ڵһʱ俴
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˸Ӱӹ˾֮⣬΢ȻҲˣμǡԵΧۡ
μǡؼᣬʮֵĲᣬʵ᲻áμǡôᣬǻ־ʵĹ¡
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ӦģĵӾ磬ɼԡμǡӾǳӰ
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ЧȷЩģⲢӰǵڴ⣬룬ǲҲ׼㡶μǡӾԭ֮һ
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Ȼ֮ǰͲὫμǡ˵Ȩȫص˵ˡ
ԣλӰӹ˾ĸˣۡ
һ棬һ죬˵ĶʥʳǳĬģûᵽİȨˡ
ڴʱ򣬹ȻӰӹ˾ӡ
ֹʱ򣬵ִʥӰӹ˾Ѿﵽ42ҡ
֪Ϣ֮󣬰˵ͷμӵӰȨ˵Ӱӹ˾Ӧò42ˡ
˶Ӱӹ˾ԡμǡĵӰȨȤ˻Ƿǳġ

ڶ졣
10㣬μǡӰȨˣҪԵ¥һˡ
ǰʱ򣬾Ѿ׼ˡ
9ʱ򣬸Ӱӹ˾ĸǣ½߽˻ңǰ̨˵Ǽ֮󣬱ڻѰԼλ
һιгʮҵӰӹ˾ֳӰӹ˾֮ʵǷǳģй֪һӰӹ˾ҲûʲôǸո𲽵СӰӹ˾
Ӱӹ˾֮ľȻҲǷǳġ
Ⲣʲô⡣
ΪÿӰӹ˾ĶλĿ겢ͬЩһӰӹ˾ĿЩʣӰĹ¡
ЩСӰӹ˾ĿЩӰԽСӰӹ˾ϵĹ¡
μǡĹ¹ȻʣԶԣÿµľʳ̶ȺӰвġ
Ӱӹ˾ĸˣҵԼλ֮󣬱ߵС
ҪʼˣʮҵӰӹ˾μǡӰ治һĴ󡣡
ȻҲЩǶԡμǡˣһŵѧһμǡӰ᲻ϼӵġ
ǿ϶᲻ӵģдƷǳ˰
ӰӰӰɣӰӰӿǴӰӣôǵĿĸ£ա׹ǾǡȤŮ
⼸¶ӰĹ£ӰӰĸҶ˼һ΢һ¾ˡ
ҿӰҲˣĿǰʵǿӰӹ˾˰ɣ֪ǵĿ᲻ǡ칬
ֹǾӰӣʵȾӰӲٵģǼӰӹ˾ҲˡЩӰļ£϶ҪǹϷˡĽ
ǰĽǵĿЩӰĹ£ȴֻܱż©Ŀģܲһడ
Ҳ֪׼۳ٸµĵӰȨԸܹ۳һЩ
˵ϣÿһ¶ĳɵӰǵǸ밡
㻹˵ֻҪԸȨܡҹ
Ҫ10ˣӦÿҪ˰ɣһûأ⻹Щ
Ĵ˵ҪˣҲЩ
¾ͼˣʱ򣬿϶ͨʱӦҲнʽ
ǿ϶ʲôݣ϶¡صĽʽ

Ӱӹ˾ĸСţԽԽ࣬ʱҲԽԽӽ10㡣
950֣⣬δֱ߽ͨ˻ҡ
ǰ̨㿴æ˵磬ˡ
ͷЦ˶𣿡
Ѿˣһ48Ӱӹ˾ϵ6ֵ֮ңǽϵġ
Ŷֶ˼ҡ˵ͷ
ʱǰ̨Ͻ˵۵
Ǹոûǰ̨ǸŮǸʲô
ĺǡ硯ѵ
ɣ߽ˣݵλһҪһ¡ص볡ʽҲӭ
Ӧþ˵Щʽӭ֮ģ⣿
شжϣУ߽ʵ̫ˡ
ԭǼˣȴлᰡ

Ѿ߽ҵϢ޲졣
ɣѾˣûʲôӦ
ļٵģλ
֪Ҳڿأоʲôûа

һߵۣһǰ֪ǲѾˣ



һǧٰʮ ʼ

һӰӹ˾ĸǣ˵Ѿ߽˻ң޲첻ѡ
ǱΪݺ͵λڽʱ򣬶Ȼһ¡صĽʽ
ʱҲӭԱʾء
ȴ룬ֱ˽ӣ·񣬹Ȼͬһ
ô˭
Ϊֳ˽϶࣬ǰҲйԱ߶ֶˣӰӹ˾ĸˣ֪ĸ
һ֮Сѯʣһǰķ
տʼʱʱԽԽӽ10㣬ҵ֪˭
ǰϯ̨̨ǰһӣƺ׼Ҫʼӡ
Ӧþ˰ɣȻҲпˡ˶
ֻӿ˵ҰǳлҶҵƷμǡΣĵĻӭ͸лҵĵ
˵ֳ֮ȫһӣȻͻȻΪҵþòϢ
ûʲôˣǸӾһ߹ƣһ߿֮⣬ˣǵһο
һݵĽӴǸоһλһ㣬룬Ȼͬһ㣬ˡ
òͣڰ֣ʾҲٹˡ
ŽͣЪ
˵ΪˡμǡĵӰıȨٴұʾллǶԡμǡΡǰӰıȨĿĶΪӯǷǳȻġμǡӰӻҪһƹ㡶μǡ˵ҲŷǳҪĻ塣ˣ˵ҵĹϵ˵ǺĹϵ
ֳٴͣ˻׷׺
˵úãǷǳԸк
˵̫ˣ

ڰ֣˵ȻǺϵôȨѼ۸Ҳᶨ̫ߡ
Ӱӹ˾ȫǴϲȨѲ̫ߣζǵķոС
һҪǾǴڸıӰʱ򣬱Ҫԭܶԭ֮⣬ܶ㣬Ҫ㡣ӲҪǱҪġȻɡЦĸı࣬ǿԵġҪȿܹŲ빺򣬲벻Ҫ빺һǲ˹򣬾ͱʾܹҸոҪƷΥҸոҪôҾҪǹ˾˵˵ˡ
˵赭дһ仰ʱȴûĴһ
˵˵ǾζǼӰӹ˾鷳ˣû˸һ
ᵽЩҪʵûʲôԭԭ֮⣬㣬Ҫ㣬ЩǾӦҪġ
ᣬҲԲҶ㡶μǡ
ĶˣҲ˵鷳Щ˴УǣҲȻὫǿʷң
ԣֳӰӹ˾ûκεԥ׷ױʾǾԲҶ㣬һԭȥơ
ͷЦŴҡôǾͲĵˣھͽɡμǡеÿ£شҶӦϤ׼۵ӰȨĹ£28ڴҿԿĻ28¶棬Ȩ۸Ҳ档ҿͳһһ£׼ʱһһµĵĳֻһӰӹ˾⣬ôͰձעļ۸ֱӳɽһϵĹ˾ͬһ⣬ôͨ۵ʽ۸á
˵һ£˵໥֮ȹͨáˣڸ20ӵʱ䣬20֮ʽʼ
һ仰øӰӹ˾ĸֶһ㶣ٴαΪҵ˸м
⻰˼Ծ˵ǵľ֮ļ۸̫ߣôǿ
磬ҹ˾ʵ࣬ԹµĶλҲࡣôǡ¶ǵĶλǾԼãһһ£໥֮䲻ۣԱעͼ۸ֱ¡
ڸӰӹ˾˵Ȼһĺ¡
ȻⲢ˵Ӿȫۣۿ϶Ȼڵģֻ֮ǰ˵úܶࡣ
ţȿĻϣ26³ۣ۸ΣȻȥѰѡ˶ġ
ǣȫ̧ͷϸĿŴĻϵĹƺͼ۸
칬1000Ԫ
׹Ǿ1000Ԫ
ȤŮ1000Ԫ

700Ԫ
Ժ400Ԫ

ߵǰ̨£ո֮ԱʾӰӹ˾֮䣬ǰãΪЩµİȨܹߡ
ֻҪעļ۸ȥͿˣעļ۸񲻸ߣҲǰľɳ
صǸӰӹ˾ַʽܹһ̶ϣøӰӹ˾ĵȥ㡣
ͨۺ󣬿ܶõЩǮһ㶼⡣
Ǯ˵ֻһ֣һԼǶٵ֡
ٵ㣬ʲôϵ


һǧٰʮ ȫ۳
Ӱӹ˾ĸˣȫڶŴĻϿǿķǳϸ
һ߿һĥ˾ӦðһΪһĿꣿһΪڶĿꣿӦȥļҹ˾
⣬ÿ±עģӰıȨļ۸ȷߣ߼۸Ϊ1000Ԫͼ۸Ϊ200Ԫ
ԼԤƵļ۸񣬻Ҫ΢һЩȻûж߼ۡ
йƺͼ۸Ϥ֮󣬸Ӱӹ˾ʼѰҺˡ
ܹ֮ɺܴɺⶼ˵
һƬ
ûȥܸӰӹ˾֮ôǰ̨˵ƺЩ˷ܣߴߴ˵ͣ
20ӵʱ䲢ܿ͹ȥˣٴߵϯ̨̨ǰ˵˸λ20ӵʱѵͿʼʽɡ
Ӱӹ˾ĸѸٰ
¶ϲɫ̸òҲΪɥһźȻ̸òá
̸ˣû̸ãӰȨʽʼ֡
һĹ£Ҳǡμǡʼ£۸700Ԫ
±۵Ӱӹ˾ֻһңƷӰӣûӰӹ˾
ǳɹЭˣһЦĵӰıȨƷӰӣ۸700Ԫ
ƷӰӵĸϲԽվһأǵллҲʱϻ˵л
ҲҵһЩףص
ʼ˵ڶµ׹Ǿ
ӰĹ֮һ¶μǡƷ˵ŷǳҪ壬۸1000Ԫ
վûиոôгˣе̨Ȳıˡ
ҵ̨֮󣬺ܿһҵ̨ۣѼ۸ߵ1200
ԣµĶǴӰӹ˾֮ƺû̸á
ʵҲӰӹ˾ƴ֣ԼĹ£û̸£ǲͨ۵ķʽá
ڣӰӹ˾ᣬ۸Ҳһ·ߡ
1500180020002200򡭡
󣬵۸񺰵3500ʱҹ˾ѡ˳׹ǾӰǴ󣬵ӰĹҲУǾĿתƵĹϡ
գ׹ǾİȨӰӰ3500ļ۸ĵá
ͬǵһЦǵ¡̽޵׶۸200Ԫ
һεɲôг̽޵׶ӰԶûô󣬵ȴһЩСӰӹ˾ڱصõĹ¡
Ȼ˵СӰӹ˾ʵЩӰӹ˾ԣǵʵҲǲġ
ȻҲμᡣ
һ֮󣬡̽޵׶İȨӰ350Ԫļ۸¡
ٽǡ֡۸700Ԫ
һһαúг˷Ӱӱ֮⣬Ӱӹ˾ۡ
Ȼһִ˳ɹЭ飬ȻǷӰ700Ԫļ۸񣬵õ֡ĵӰıȨ
ǳġ칬۸1000Ԫ
ҪڡμǡĹУѡһӰĹ£Ӧþǡ칬ˡ
У߸̫ϾۡȵһЩе˷׷׵ǳʳ̶ôݶΪ
ˡ칬ʵǿӰӹ˾ˣȫһչҷǳҡ
2000250030004000򡭡
δӰӹ˾ӿЦƴ־ǲһ
ҲǵԤ֮У칬£ǼҴӰӹ˾֮Э顣
50005500򡭡
ỹڼ
գʵǿľӰӣ6500ļ۸ǽһεļᡣ
һӰӹ˾ĸǵһȻӰӵĿȻǡ칬
ңʵǿɹˡ
һһ̱ʱгʱҡ
պгʱĹ£϶Ǽ۸еȣеƫϵġ
ͼ۸͸߼۸Ĺ£պгʱ򣬻ٶᾭһЩۡ
ʱ佥ȥ12ʱ28ȫ۳
һ48Ӱӹ˾ֻ28
ô20Ӱӹ˾һν޹ˡ
ɹùµӰӹ˾ϲԽҪ޹Ӱӹ˾ˣź
ЦЦ˵һһ28µĵӰıȨ⻹һЩµİȨһʱûԺԣûгɹ򵽹°ȨǣǽӦûкĻᡣ
ЩźĹ˾۾һ԰һûкɹ´λл
һ룬ʱࡣ
ֵѾͿҪˣѾ˾Ʋˣ׼ֳÿһλѣϣҶܹ͹⡣
һ˵˾ǴϲǳԷǺεȵңвȥ֮
Щûܹɹ°ȨĸˣĻŭţڿûɹ°ȨȻźҪǳԷǾͲʲôźˡ


һǧٰʮ Ƽһλ
Ե¥
еӰӹ˾ĸ˳Էƶζټϸλ˷ܲѵ飬һٷǳԹζһ͡
ϯ䣬λһһƣҲһһؾøλֱܳԾǾƣţ㹻Ǵһˡ
Щûгɹ°Ȩĸˣʱﻹаƺźеֻ˷ܡ
ǳԷʱ򣬡μǡӰıȨϢѾϴˡ
еǶ֪10㣬ʥԵ¥УμǡӰıȨˡ
յĽһֱϵϢ
ʱ΢Ϲ˾ͬʱӰӹ˾ҲԼĹٷϣ򵽵İȨһ£
ԣϢܿϴˣ۷׷ס
μǡС˵ѾᣬֻܰĿתƵμǡӰӻˡ
֪Ӱӹ˾ĳƷʲôӵģȫǳڴ
ӰȨôȷˣϣӰӹ˾Ͻ㣬ҶѾȲˡ
һ28½ĳɵӰоеٰΪɶһЩµİȨأȻ28ҲˣЩĹҲڣҲ㹻ˡ
ӰҪġ칬ϣĵøһ㰡Ŀеġ칬ˡ
ڴĹʯӰӵġȤŮҵŮ°
ÿһڴ۹
μǡģϣӰӹ˾һ㣬һ㣬Ҫǵġμǡ
ʵ˵ЩĵġȻڴҪԶԶڵġ


Ե¥¥һٷ˺ܾã12㣬һֱԵ3
Ӱӹ˾ĸˣһһǣڸǵʱ򣬻׷ױʾģһᾡŬȥĺáμǡеЩ¡
ʾǳڴⲢǿ׻ĺڴ֪Ӱӹ˾ĳġμǡʲôӵģ
λ֮Ⱥ뿪˴ӣǲûĵ飬Ǵ㾡ϻȥƻ
ڡμǡĻ죬ȫȴƷӳ
Ӱӹ˾ĸ뿪֮żȥ
ӰȨȥˣӰӹ˾ĿĥţĵӾҲӦˡ
ȣ֮ǰǸ⣬ȵðѵȷѡ˭أǸ⡣
ڵݵȦӣ̫Ϥʺɺ͹ԪǶûкʵѡƼ
ԥȲͨ˺ɵĵ绰
ϵܣþò
ȷǺþòˣϸ磬׼ġμǡӾ磬ûеƼ
ϵܹȻҪӾ棬ҹĵӾ絼ݼûʲôħӾľ飬ǵȷҡ
֪ҲҪжħӾľ飬ҪܳԿ࣬ǿģھ鷽ʱԻͨ
ҵǰˣϵڣͲʲô⡣ֻҪܳԿ࣬ǿģͺðˡϵܣ⻹һ˿Ƽ㡣
Ŷ˭
˵󣬽ܣ36꣬ʶ˺ܶһѣСӷǳܳԿ࣬ҲǿһֱûʲôõļйءϵҪҪһ
ܣһ԰ϸƼŵùҼһɡ
ãʥ㣬С֪Ϣ֮󣬿϶˷ܵιȥ
ãǾллϸˡ

˵һ֮󣬹˵绰
ܣѵڤڤ֮⣿뵽ܺЩȤ
صϵһﵷʲôʵӰıȨ鶼Ū𣿡
ͷŪˣ28·ֱ28Ӱӹ˾ߡ
ҵãҵſĳЧôĵӾأ׼ʲôʱģ
ҲˣոպɵݸƼһݣҼ֮û⣬ʽľͲԶˡ
ҵãҵſСȥæİɡ
Ӧһ߽ԺӣæԼȥˡ

һҹ޻ڶ11㣬ӵĵ绰磬һλ㣬˵Ǻɵݽܵġ
ܣ΢΢һ㶣ô죿Сҹɹİɡ
˵ã΢һ͹
˵绰Ŵڴȥô͵ˣ⵹Щϡ
ԣӦҹɵʡǣȻһϵġ
һֵúˣ˵ͷ


һǧٰʮ ȷ
˴ڴũׯ칫¥
ڽӴ⣬ͨţӴһ30ͷˣ΢ԵһЩִ٣Ȼˡ
۲Ƭ̣ٴΰ˵ͷȻ˽ȥ
ܼűƿ߽һСüˣûмһǿҵĸо˾
æվ˷ܶЩŵ˵
ֱʱ˿̣ܶ˷ܺͼУҲû뵽ȻлΪμǡӾĵݡ
ǿǡμǡƷڶ˴Ϊ㾭䣬ԷΪ飬죬ȻлΪⲿƷĵӾ絼ݣһ㡣
磬ӵɵĵ绰ֱ֮ӾȦˣڵ绰˵һöҪιȥˡ
ȵ΢ƽһЩ֮ͶһŷʡʡǵĻƱҹɵʡǣһ磬ֳ˳еʥ塣
֪˵һοļһξתۣҪ߾ȫȥץסһλᡣ
ӴЦЦ߹ȥ֣˵ãã
æּɡ
ڰ֣˵ʲôҪԡμǡϤ
ܵҲ˵ġμǡож͸ԷǳϤҳÿ׷µ½֮⣬ǰЩ½ڶѾ飬ҷǳϲμǡⲿƷ
ͷݸһļУ˵һξ籾һȻ˵һ˵׼㣿Աı顢ȷʲôҪȵȣ
ֱӽ⡣
һݣֽţ֪ҪʱˣܹܲץסλᣬͿˡ
˫ֽӹļУ˵õģ
ͷʾԷԿʼˡ
רעһ߿籾һ˼10֮˵Ѿ׼ˡ
ͷ˵ãǾ˵һ˵
һԼոնԾ籾⣬ԼԱǵı顢Ҫȷ棬ϸϸ˵һ顣
ĹУ˼ͷܼΪļ˷ܣϣ
˵꣬ʵô
ЦЦ˵ոǿյΪҪôΪһֻ𣿡
һ㶣ɶ˼յȷǺﰡΪʲôʣ
һʼЩʵ⣿֪ȻˣǾһ⡣
˼תͻȻǰһæ˵յȷǺֲǺ˵ǺΪڶ߻˵ǵУʵһˣ˵ĽɫԣյΪҪݳĸоֲùΪһֻ
󣬵˵ͷܵ˼άԵȷǿ
ֲ˼⣬˼һ֮󣬶׼ȷץס˼һܹһ
⣬Ҳܸˣ˵һλĵݣִܹáμǡϣǺ졣
һֻҸ̫ͻȻֲһ㼤ѣιȥ˵ģһܹĺáμǡ
ͷҲܹĺãȻܼûħӾľ飬ûйϵʱʱĹͨԼ뷨Ҫ߶Է
ƾܸոձֳ˼άҪѶġ
ݸ㶨ˣе˳Ҳܸˣ˵ԼľŶӣ
ɫ΢΢һ죬ǳ˼˵֮ǰִĲ˳ԣûԼľŶӡ
Ц˵ûйϵ֪Цң
֪ܵǹӹĹҡ
ͷ˵ã͵Цȥ齨ԼľŶӣҵǵĸܷܷ˵ȥģġ
æõģھȥЦҡ
˵Цһ֣͹ӹǾż֮϶ϧӹΪ󿪷֮ţʵ
ЦżڿҪ12ˣ˷ȥ߰ɣһȥԵ¥Է
ܲûƴǣͬЦллԵ¥ʳѾ磬Ѿˡ
һ˽Ӵң°칫¥߽Ե¥
Ե¥ʳȻ鴫Ӧ˵ȴиζܳԵĻŭţ̾һֱͣ
һСʱ֮߳Ե¥ܸȥҪȥʡЦ齨μǡ顣
ȥ·ϣٴθɴ˸绰һǱʾлߺɣѾܵΡμǡӾĵݡ



һǧٰʮ ֵ˺ޱݵʱ
صҼˣʵôȷ𣿡
ͷѾȷˣˣѾȥЦ齨ˡ
ЦƺԤ˳
ȷ⻹ö˺ϸƼ
ҵã쿪İɣϣСܹĳһͬĵӾ硣
Ц⹫İɣⲿӾҲͬС˵һΪ䡣
ҵСӱ˵ú
ϻţȵӾ֪֮ˡ
ҵãҵȷڴ
˵һ֮˷䣬򿪵ԵԼ顣

ͣĸϵЦңҵܷܷ˵⡣
ܷܷƲƲ죬ֹһʲô˵õģЦҵԴ㶼Եá
ϲæ˵Ǿ̫ˣǳлС㡣
ܷܷ΢΢һЦ˵㲻лңӦõģھеԱҼϣԼȥѡɡ
ܵõģ鷳Сˡ
ЦҷչڣʵѾӰӹ˾ĹģˣֻûиעĴ㣬ԺģٴҲȻЦҡ
˾ǩԼ鹤Աʮ֮࣬ӵܷܷ֪֮ͨ󣬵֪Ҫ齨μǡӾ飬һ˷ּȫڵһʱϵ˹ҡ
оԱȫ˷ܣԼܹѡУǿǡμǡӾ飬˵ʱԸ飬ȫ̰ѹأ˷ܡ
ܷܷܺ˻ңܰģҪܹԿͣΪѡĵһ׼
ϸ˽ÿһ˵רҵܣԼԸƷԣѡʮϸ
ʱ䣬齨ˡμǡ顣
ɹ˷ּźѡĽʧ䡣
齨ɹڵһʱ佫Ϣڵ绰һܰµЧʲ
ܴλݣҲֱ֣ʡǵĻ
Ҫȥ˳ǣɻƱѾˡ
齨ɹȻѡԱˣڵ绰ܣ˵յԱѾȷˣܵ˳ȥһޡˡ
һ˵ǼȾȣֲȡ
ȵǣȻѾȷյԱ
뵽ĸֶ棬ƺҲǳҲͲþˡ
ָеǳľϲǳͷۣ֪յԱӦѡտ˵ҪĽɫԱûõĻϷԳɹ
ڣյԱѾˣֱӹȥ˾ǣ˵ʵ̫ϲˡ
ţѡԱһκε⡣
λݷֱκǰȥ·ϣ˵ô֪˳иޡˣѵȥ˳ǣ
Цǿ϶ģ˳ޣӦðп˺һʱ䣬Żú޳ݣҪһǡ
԰п졢ѡԱɼⲿӾǳӰ
ܵȻҵĸоǰδеӣԣⲿƷǱþŬȥġ
Ρͬʱģǻġ
ֵ˵ȫ̸飬𣿡
ܵȻʱʱ̶̿;һ𣬲ʱһǿ϶ġ
Ρ󣬼˷ܣЩš

ʥ塣
ܴȥ˳ǣһ΢
Ҫ˵μǡӾѾ齨ɣʽǰڳﱸʱڣڴ
Ϣһ飬˷ּܶ
΢紫һѶϢǾҪԼ㡶μǡӾ磬֮ǰֲֻ²ʹԣܹȷˡ
һʱ֮䣬ýǷ׷ױ׷ףڴĵӾ桶μǡҲʽĿʵǷǳ˷ܺڴ
⣬ȦڶԱ
ΪμǡӾ飬ȻѾǰڳﱸʱڣӦúܿͻῪѡԱˡ
ľμǡ㣬ԱϣܹڡμǡӾлһɫ
ȫڵšμǡӾ飬ѡԱĹ档

˳ǣĳ㳡
ÿ죬ȻᵽݣȻʲôˣѾ˳ﴫˡ
֪ˣڳ㳡һ޵ˣÿͻһյıݡ
ЩϲμǡˣĪÿαʱĹڣ
ݵҲԽԽܻӭ
磬չ˳緹ʱ䣬вٵ˿ʼų㳡ķȥ
ȥޱݵģΪǵõϢֻݡ



һǧٰʮ ûô
˳
Ϊ޽Ҫ㳡бݣ˳Թ緹󣬷׷ų㳡ķȥ
Уһ͵˾Ӷ࣬ȻûпμǡС˵ȴǳϲμǡҲϤ
Ϊ˳˵ǣÿ춼˵μǡǶˡ
һ߻һ۲ͣ
߰ɣ޵ıݾҪʼˣݵá
ǰÿαҶȥоģġ
ǺϷҳ汲ˣϷģԼֿŬȻܹݵúˡ
û뵽˳ﻹһգãã
˵ǺӵȥݵӣҲ֪᲻ȥݣ
˵㡶μǡĵӾ͵Ӱǿ϶Ҫȥյģ޻лᡣ
ôף˼ҪĶǴȥݣ˶㲻ϣȥݣ˵˼Ҳ֪кһ˰
ǵǿϧˣǻ֧ģݵá
ǵȻҾϲޱݣǿ߰ɡ

Щ϶ģ˵ĶУǰ˳ǣѰҺ޵ܡκ
ǽϵ˳ǣһҷҴҳԹ緹֮󣬸߳꣬϶˸ոЩ
εӺ˳Ϊ
Цƺ˲ٵķ˿ոЩ˿Ƿ˿ɡ
ǵǳ˵ÿ죬Żᵽ㳡һΣסĵط˳ֱȽԶɽ֮УǾڳ㳡ȴȴ룬ǽյ޾Ҫˣʵ̫ˡ
ϲǰʵ̫ˣҲЩȥ㳡ɡʵ˵ҶԺ޵ıݷǳ棬֪ôͱˣ˳ҲΪ
Ҳǳĺ档
Цʵ˵Ҳܺ棬ǾͿЩ߰ɣӵͼϿ㳡ﲻԶֱ߹ȥˡңոЩҲߵģ˵ĲԶ
Ρͬʱͷ˿첽ų㳡ķȥ
ŰСʱ֮˳˳ţǳ㳡ˡ
ÿȥѰҺ޵λã̤㳡ܿһطΧһȺˣӦþǺޱݵĵطˡ
ЩڴȺķȥʱ߽Ⱥ˼ȺȺһһǳСӣӦû20꣬ڽ׼
ǸǳСӣȻҪѰҵĺˣڱݻδʽʼ
˲ûǰȥźޣƺµĿź޽׼׼ȵ޽ıݽ֮ȥҺ˵⡣
ΧΧ۵Ⱥ󲿷ӦöͺޱȽϤˣź޵ıݻδʼںͺ˵
ޣ˵ڡμǡĵӰ͵ӻҪˣ㲻һֱܹȥǻᰡ
ǰޣȥգ˳ǵ˶֧㡣
ޣҿݵĺܲоͦģȥݵĻ϶ûġ

˵ԵúǸˣ֪⼸ǲܵġ
һǣûнܹרҵѧϰͲϷڱݵոϷȫͬģûеݻһĲϷˣȥһҪĽɫġ
ǳᣬԼĴ㣬ȵԼյıݣĥòʱ򣬾ȥף׿ʼһһѧϰݣվǻҵġ
δΪֹۡ
˵ллˣڿ϶ûлȥյģһûϷеݻȥݣҷģһŬģȡյõյĻᡣ
Χ˵ַ׷˵
˵ޣҾȥʲôиô˵ģëëԼԣȥëԼ˵лˡ
Եĺޣֻݣǿ϶е֪㣬ȥëԼЩѡԱʱ򣬲ǻԱԾҲȥ˵ݿݵ֮󣬾㻹У᲻𣿡
ǺޣӦȥëԼֻл᣿

ܶ˶ΪӦȥëԼޱݵôãӦǻġ
Ҳ˲Ϊ
˵ǰ̫ˣȦƶأãݵúþлᡣңϷͺڵıݸͲһ
ǰȦأĽɫô׵õģݼ֮⣬Ҫϵȵȣأûôס

Щ̾һЩȻҲ֪֪ԼһûûǮҪȦõյĻᣬǲܵġ
Ȼˣ롣
Ҫֹۡ



һǧپʮ ±Ƶĺ
˳ǣ㳡
Χ۵ȺУЩԭΪֻҪȥëԼлˣ˵ȦƷǳ࣬ûôףҲ̾˿
ȻôעȦҲûȤȥעǶҲ˵һЩȦ飬Ҳ֪֮ǰȷ̫ˡ
ڿ޼ȥëԼɹõյĻᣬҲΪ㡣
Ϊ޸еϧڻǳᣬûлᣬԺûлᡣ
׷׳˵
ޣû£㻹ôᣬԺ϶лġ
޺úݣȫ˳ǵ˶֧㣬ˣͻˡ
ޣѾ˳ǵˣԺֻҪ߳˳ǾͿˡ

ǳжһ׼һߵлллллңһŬġ
ȺУܡΡһֱĬĬĿţʱʱİͷ룬еˣƷԺԽǾѡ
ֹ˴10ӣȫ׼ˣʽʼ
ܡΡ˾һʮڴ
֪ܱУƷԡԾֻǻձϵ裬ص㡣
ޱݿʼȺʱʱʱͷʱ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ͷΪޱݵĺϷʮֳɹΩΩФҡͷΪޱݵ̫ˣûŪڹڵУʵһˡ
һ㣬֮ǰҲûֱʱ򣬱һʺеĵ
Сʵô
ܲЦŷʵΪأ
εҾòó˿๤ģϷݵüֱΩΩФ
ҲСӵݵ治ѹܹ˳ǱС
ܵϷȷݵúãԶԶСҪݺգҪӿ̿ŬϰУһβ̵·Ҫߡ
εҪǳ߰
ܵⲿϷ߶ӣǱҪóҪУ֮ǰ˵ǶԱҪҪߣԼҪҪߣǵҪҲߣǻû𣿡
Ρһͻæ˵ףףǻϸҪԼҲϸҪԱġ
ܵͷź޵ıݡ
һֵޱݵգӦЩиĽ
ܵˡڹǵУһˣֻһֻʱָ޵ıݡ
ˣζ󣬿ų޵ıݣ˼
޵ıݻڼСʱ֮󣬵һαݽͣϢΧ۵Ⱥһ۷׷ס
˵Ȼ޸ոյıйأ˵ݵԽԽˣԽԽϲ
ȺУ˵
ܻ⣬˵ͷ
ҲͷȺֱźȥ
ΧȺҲע⵽ˣźȥΣǲû⡣
ʵϣߵȥ˵˵֮ġ
ߵߣ˵ãݼ𣿡
һ㶣ɻĿΣǰİˣΪʲô֪
ݼ֪Ҷֻ֪кޣҲֻޣҲûж˵ϲǽޡ
˳ǳ֮⣬û֪ǰżΪİˣΪʲô֪
Ǵãݼǣ
ʱΧ۵Ⱥע⵽ںͺ˵ˣ֮ǰЩȥҺ˵˲һ
֪޵ǡݼԭ޵ݼΧ۵ȺֱӺޡڲ֪
Ȼⲻص㣬صǸ˺ݼһΪʽĸоΧ۵Ⱥϰָоǻϲ˺ޡ
εûע⵽һƺΧȺһֲϰߵĸо޼˾ģȻҪʽС
Ϊʲô֪޵֣Ȼܸˣ֪޵֣Ȼ˵ˡ
޵ɻЦЦ˵ǡμǡӾ鸱ΣǵҪһ֪ɷԸ⣿
μǡӾ鸱ݣݣ⻰ú±ˣҲΧ۵±ˣʲô˼ʲô
޲ԣɻ˵ǡμǡӾĸݣ
εǵġ
ЩԺ˵μǡӾ飿ĸʲôμǡӾ飿ʽģģֻʲô˼
ֺԺҲ˿ЦãҪǺҲ뵽СμǡӾĵݡ
ԷʵμǡӾģں޿ҲӦ䡶μǡİߣԼ֯ģֲҪȨ



һǧپʮһ һζĻԵ
޵ЩЦãܹΪʲôʡ
ЦЦ˵ġμǡӾģġμǡӾľ顣
ɶ޷Ժˣ˵ġμǡӾľ飿
εûӦʱڹע΢ɣӦ֪μǡӾ飬Ѿ齨ɵϢɣ
޵֪΢˵ˣ˵Ǹ飿
εǣǸΣ⣬ǵһλҲˡ
ʱ򻹲ûʶλǰʲô飬Ժļ˵ʲôʲô𣿡
εȷ飬ǵԺ˵
ʱܺҲ߳ȺǰνܵλǵĵλǸ
ЦЦ˵ã
æ֣һ˵ã
޵ʱ򶼻ЩԺûиǰ״ΧΧ۵ȺҲͬԺ
֪ǡμǡߣҪ㡶μǡӾ磬ǵǲ
֪ڵȷҪ㡶μǡĵӾ͵Ӱ˵˼˵Ҫ㡶μǡӾˣ
ǵӾĵݺ͸ݣӦòǼٵġ
ֻǣҺʲôУô֪ģ޵ôˣӦðɡ
Χ۵˲ûȥյģǿǸܵġ
ܿԺĺޣҲûȦӣֱ˵⵽˳ģҪ롶μǡӾ飬һǡ
仰ˣΧ۵Ҳͬˣȴƺû˵仰˼
޼롶μǡӾ飿һǣ
ո˵˼Ҫȥ𣿡
֪˵ĺǸ˼
ȥգҪˣ
ô˼

Χ۵˽ǲȷԼǲܵĻ
˺һƬ֮󣬺޲ƺͻȻȫʼҲ˵˳ˣոյĻոյĻǡǡ˵˵Ҫȥݡݡ𣿡
ܵͷ΢΢һЦ˵ǵģûǾҪյĽɫ
ӣǺ޻ΧΧ۵ˣˣҲȷһ飬ǾǸոյⲢûдǰλܣҪȥա
˲ֳ֮ըˣ׵ըˣμǡӾĵݣȻԵ˳Ǻޱݵĵطȥգʵ̫ˡ
˶ԸģʵǰǼٵġ
ǣ˲ĵݣǼðġ
ֻǣֿԼǲܴڵģ˭û»ֻƭޣ
ôֻ˵һжˣȻţĵȷȷġ
ֳ׵ըˣ˶Ե÷ǳ˷ܣȻǲ֪λ֪޵ģƺҪ
ҪǣҪˡ
ңģӾա
Ǹոջ˵ǺȥëԼҲлᣬ˵޻ǳᣬֻҪŬԺлġ
ȴõŸոչ˰СʱɣеӾĵݣȥˡ
ӦþνĻԵνڷܵˣܹõľ˰ɡ
ֳ˶ǳ˷ܣţпš
޸Ǽȫڲ˵һΣһʮʵּΪΡ
һȵĻԼΣΣôܻᷢ飿
ţҲȷΣΪУŻᷢ顣
ġμǡӾľ鵼ݣԵݵĵطȥգ
飬Σ޶롣
ζ飬ȴʵʵķˣһĻԵٵĴ
޼ģ޷ƽ޷ƽҪʱ䡣
ܡΡˣҲ֪Ҫʱƽ飬Ǿĵţû˵ͬʱҲпҲѹֺ޻˼ˣ˵ȷһζ벻Ե
˿źޣȻ֮ЩĽĽͣ˾ĻԵ
Ӵ֮󣬺޵עҪıˡ
˵ڷܵˣܹõľˡ
ô޵һڷܵˣܹͣ͵õ˵ľˡ



һǧپʮ λǰ
޵һڷܵˣ
ܡΡ˲ֻ֪֪ΪĽ
Ȼ֪ܹΪμǡӾĵݡݣҲͬһСĻԵ֪ڱĽء
˺һ֮󣬺޲ƽһЩԼ飬ȻЩ˵ҴûݹϷΪݺ𣿡
ЦЦ˵Ŀǰ̶ֳȣ϶ǲԶģҪݺգ㻹ҪŬСȻһԼˣʱиָ㡣ҲͬҪܶŬܹġ
ҲܹоԼݵƺǴһʲô⣬ֻôĥҲ벻
һ˵޶ʱ۾һиָ㣿ʵ̫ˣԼѾһƿ޷ͻˡ
ҪٵŬں޿ǶӦõģҪɹŬôУ
޵Ŀܼᶨ˵ģһŬģٴҲ¡
ܵͷ㣬ôڿʼǾԱˣһؾ飬ʱǩһݺͬ
޵ھҪ𣿡
Цǵô֮뿪˳ǣʱúõ׼һ£ͼ棬ѵ֮ġ
һϲ˵õû⡣
󣬺һֹģƺʲô˵ֲ֪οڣ
ܼˣ˵ޣ㻹ʲôʣԾʡ
ԥƬ̣˵ҷǳĺ棬ô֪ҵģרŵ˳ң
һʣΧ۵ȺҲͬ˶䣬Ҳͬʡ
˳ȷһҲֻ˳Ƕѣλôܻ֪
λ֪˳һ޵ˣݵպܲһ˵ҲλԵ˳룬ǻǲһԱ롣
λ˵ǶԺ޷ǳӣʵ̫ˡ
ƺ֪޻һʣЦЦ˵ʵ˵ǲ֪㣬Ҳû֮֡Իᵽ˳㣬Ϊ㱻Уָյġ
⻰ú޺ֳٴδ󾪣޳ָģ
˵ġĸòǡμǡߣǸͬ˵һɣ
ǸֻĸܹλӣԵ˳ˣ
Ǹǿͬ˵һﰡޱˣӵ찡
ѵǸ˳ǣ޵ıݣ
ײβȷп˳ǡ
ޱУҪˡ
ãðû뵽޵ô죬޳˳Ҳųġ
˸е˼飡

Χ۷׷ף֮ǰҪ˷ܺ͸ˣޱУԵҪ޳գޱμǡգȫͬĿ
ǰߵӰҪԶԶںߵģΧ۵֪һεĻԵ֮ǰΪĻҪ
Χ۵˶֪һ㣬ԼȻ͸ˣ߶µ˵˼˵ǡǡԵҪҪҪҳյģ
ܵȷʵ˵˷ǳĽ
Ƕµֵҡҵı𣿡
ܵҾͲˣӦ˳ǣҲġ
һڼѵͬʱŬ룬ʲôʱģϣһЩʲô
ţͻȻһ˲֮ǰǸҹһͷϹӶԼСľڣʮա
һͷϹӣͷϹӶСľڣٵʮ
һߵʱһλ˼ǰͻȻͷϹĶӡ
ǸϷһУ޵ļʼԶǡ
λǰ֮󣬼ʧ֮ߣԶԶ˺޵
Բϣ֮ߵˡ
ѵ
ͻȻһǿҵĸоλǰǴ˵е
ָоһ޵ͷʱѣܣʵǲŷǳߵ֣
ǳߵ֣˼Ҳȷд˵ַǳ֮ߡֻǲ֪Ǽ٣û˼
Ӧôˡ
Ƭ֮󣬺˵룬ӦģΪҲ



һǧپʮ 뿪
޵Ļһ㶣˵ʲô
޵ҿܼҲȷ
ʵѾܹ϶λǰ˾˵ô϶
ܵͷҲΪļ֡
ݸһƬ˵ޣҵƬǻ˳㣬֮㵽˳ǻϣһ뿪ˣص顣
˫ֽӹмõģ֮һ׼лллл⵽˳ҡ
ܰڰ֣Ц㲻лǣĻԵˣˣҲȥ뿪׼ɡ
Χ۵˵λѣ֪ǶǳϲμǡϲޣлǡǵġμǡӾ磬֮ͻʽģϣܹ֧ǵĵӾ磬ҲᾡŬȥĺá
˵Χ˶Եú˷ܣ׷״˵
Ƕֵ֧ģŴĳġμǡܺÿġ
ллԵ˳Һޡ
֧֡μǡӾ磡

ܡΡһ߱ʾлһߺ˵ټ߳Ⱥųķȥ
ټߣ˷׷׺˵ټ
˻ӻ֣Զ
ߺֳ̾ͰѺΧм䣬˷ܵ˵ͣ
ޣҪˣ˲𰡣
ޣҪˣһǵӾգ˲̫˲ˡ
ޣһҪúݣΪ˳⡣Ժ󰡣ǶڵϿݵա
ˣޣô֪ģ֮ǰǲҸ㣿
ޣڸоôǲǺ˷ܣܼ

࣬˸пʣֳֺһƬ
ΧĺޣȻ˷ּͣ˵лش˵⡣
˺һ֮Χ˵΢Сһ㣬޼״Щ˼˵ǸҶ֪֮󣬾Ҫܵ뿪ˣȥʰʰ׼һ£ıҴݵˡ
Χһ˵ַ׷˵
ȻȻ㵱ȻҪȥıݾ͵ˡ
ǰޣȥɣ첻ñˣǶˡԺ󰡣ǵڵϿݵˡ
ԶԣԺǾڵϣݵõˡ˵ޣһҪúݰϲֳݵĹڲ֪жأ

ʾôһҪģһݺյģ϶ôʧôҾܵڵϿݵա
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ʱʰϣ˵ͱ£뿪˳㳡ɽСľȥ
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㳡ϣ˼뿪ȻǸ̾ѣ΢һЩᡣ
ʱ䣬ÿ㳡һκ޵ıݣڿˣȻᡣ
Ҳ֪޲һֱڳ㳡ݣԼ롣
ڣ޵λðʵˣĵΪ޸еˡ
Ų֮ڵϣޱݵգֱ÷ǳڴ
֪ڵϱݵʲôӵģڳ㳡ϱݵգûʲô
Χ۵˺һ֮󣬲Žɢ
㳡ָƽģ

ܡΡ˻ص˳ҲǷǳãеҪ˳Ķࡣ
ʱ䣬ǿ˳úõϢһ¡
ǲϢֻоʱǳĽȡ
ΪμǡӾľ籾ѾˣǱҪץһеʱ䣬Ϥ籾ĥ籾˼һһϷӦģ
ϣʱǰֵܹĸá
ԣǲûĵ飬һùס֮󣬱Ȳĥ籾

չԼٶȣһҲͣЪģֱɽеСľݱȥ
֪ǲΪ˶ڼ˷еԭصСľݵʱ䣬ƽʱһ롣
Դϴλǰ֮СľݷԲʮ֮ڣû߳ϳûҲͬӰСľݵĶֻʣºˡ
֪һλǰйأʹӵľη
Ȼ֪ˣλǰӦþǴ˵е˷ܡҲͬη
Ⱥ޻ȫ˹Χź޴תµĳϦദѾȺǳϤˡ
޴ӱóȺʳָȺԡ
ȺԶСľʰʵûжٶҪʰû೤ʱ䣬ޱʰö߳Сľݡ
Ҫ뿪ؼȥ
ȻڳԶȺипЩᣬڿʼҪһȺֿˡ
Ժĳһ죬صһЩѣڣҪˡ
̾һ뿪СľݣȺȻڳԶǲ֪ǻҪܾãһμסǵھˡ


һǧپʮ ˭
뿪СľݣԼȥļ˳һ
ĸˣδ飬״˵绰֤֮£Ļϲ֮࣬Ҳæϡ
޵ҵʱ컹δڣϰֻδң衢үүˡ
޽Ϣһ˵衢үүԭţȥ̫˼һЩ
˵үү㻹ǵ֮ǰ˵ģϾģλǰ𣿡
үүȻǵãλǰ˾ǾһҵĶˣʼղ̫ţϻ֮ߵˡ
޵үүû׼ȷšүүӦ֪λǰ˵ˡ
үүһæʵ˭
޵Ӧþ
үүǡμǡߣԵũׯׯ
޵ţӦôˡ
үү˵ͷ˵һеȷһִԣ˵Եũׯׯ֮ߣƵһλǰֺԱȴлҪߡ
޵ͷȷҪȴиߡ
˳Щ˵޵ˣ֪ǺϷңû֪޼ǺϷ֮⣬ңҴѧȭĸʢ
үүֵô˵ո˵ˣ㣬ȥһǣ
޵ȻˣڹƶѾ˳ﴫˡ
үүãããһҪԼŬȥݺãŲṼһĻԵ
޵үүģ֪һᾡŬȥݵġ
ҹҲص˼˵ǰˣӦþ֮󣬶үү˵ףڼȻѾ֪ǰ˵ݣҪҪȥʥл
үүҸոҲ⣬ðȻǰȥ׵ΪʱǰȥݶĵףԺиʺϵʱٵл١
׵ͷã׵ġ

죬޶ڼ׼
֮󣬺޸ˣ˳ǣͨƬҵܡΡˡ
Цһж׼׵𣿡
޵׼׵ˡ
ܵͷ뿪˰ɡ
޵õģһİš
һ뿪ˣصʡЦҡ

ʥ塣
ǰܽɹ뵽һ£˻㱨ٴθһ΢
Ҫ˵μǡӾ飬ʽʼѡԱպʼԱԾ߿ɵЦԾ
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Ϣһ̳ΪĽ㡣
μǡʽʼѡԱڴҵ֮Уܶ˶ء
պɳɮԱѾȷ˴ˣʲôѵͿԱ
պɳɮԱȷһ£Ϊ˽еĽ㣬յԱȷһ£ǳΪ˾ԵĽ㡣
Ҫ˵μǡУעĸɫԱ⣬һյԱ
һμǡ齨֮˶²Ĳ²ۣѡ˭գ
Ҷ֪ҪݺɫǼѵģǵӾеգԱҪνǳߡ
ǵӰıеһǣҪԶԻܹһЩ
ԣѡ˭һǣʼնעĽ㡣
һЩΪܹݺյԱǣҲԾԾԣ׼ȵԱѡʼ֮󣬳ɹһǡ
ȴ룬ѾȷһǵԱޡ
һʱ֮䣬޳Ϊ˸Ľ㣬˶ǳɻ󣬺˭֮ǰûôͻȻ֮ͳΪյԱˣ
ȻҶ֪޳տ϶ѡģûȥɣЩԭȥȡյԱǣеǳź֮⣬ֻеܺ棬ǳĺ档
޵˭ôͱѡгˣҪһڶĽడ
ޡ֣һ߱϶ֻǲ֪ԭͽޣȷҪ֮󣬲Ϊԭȡˡޡôһ֣
У޵Ϊʲôеģݼãԣл᲻ʲô£
ϣѲ²׷ף˳ȻҲкܶҪǿôˣԺ޵ݷǳȤԵúЩ˷ܡ
ȻôˣȲҪ֪𰸣ǺȤΪҽҿ޵ɴøǰʶޣ֪޵Ĺ¡
˳ǵĺޣǺЩ⡣



һǧپʮ η
˳ǣЩ˷ܵĽ޵Ĺ£ϡ
˽ޱյĹ֮⣬ǵصǺǱԿУμǡӾλݣԵ˳Ǻޱݵĵط޳һǡ
ǹں޵ĽѸϴ޵ɴڱҿҶ֪˺޵Ĺ¡
мص㣬һǺ޳ϷңͻС18ꡣ
Ǻ޲רҵԱҲӰѧԺѧһλˣյˣͨԼյĥȺǰա
ǺǱУμǡӾλݣȥޱݵĵط
ڵһص㣬ҪǸ̾޵18;һԵʵ̫ˡ
ڵڶص㣬ҷǳ͸п޶ԡμǡյϲһǰ˺ĳ̶ȣŻԼĥȺǰա
ҲǺ18ʱ򣬾ܵõ˻Եԭ
ͬʱһЩɻ͵ģǾǺ޼ȷרҵԱҲӰѧԺҵ
Ǿ˵޴ûнӴϷûκεϷ飬ݺ
Ҫ֪ڵӾգԼڽͷգȫͬ顣
뵽޼ȻܹУǾӦûģҲͲɻ͵ˡ
ȤĻǵص㣬еģӦʲô°ɣ
кޣֻΪޱݵձݵĺãǻʲôԭ
Ȼһֱ˳ǱݣǾ˵Ӧȥ˳ǣһ㵹Ӧܹ϶
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ǺԼ֪Ϊʲôô
ԣȤģк޵ԭ͹̣Ӧûдˡ
˶ЩźҲΪˣôҶԺ޳ݵգ׻ʲôӵģӵĺ档
⣬ɳɮԱҲȷһ£Ҳͬ˺ܶ˵ۣԻҲع⡣
֮ǰһλͳϷԱΪĳЩԭ̨³ɽ˵Ӿ硶Ӵ桷ĳ׽ɫ
ЩϢع֮󣬴ҷ׷ײ²⣬Իܹ֮һɳ죬ֱӵõ˳ɳɮĻᣬΪݵӾ硶Ӵ桷ĳ׽ɫʱΪһЩʲôԭˡ
ھʲôԭҲͬö֪ˡ

λѾȷһ£ֻǺ棬Щ룬μǡӾԱ˵ͷǳźˡ
ЩԭţҪȡպɳɮɫԱΪ˱Ѿ˳ֵ׼ȴɲóˣֻȥȡĽɫ
ЩɫԱ˵ָˡ
ȻˣһԱȻԾ֮ʼõϢ֮һԱǴ˷ŸʡʡЦҾۼ

֮ܡΡˣصЦңԻӵ֪ͨҲ˹ұ
ҲͬʡǣμǡӾѡԱȻҪ԰ѹء
528գԱԾӽ쿪ʼ
ϰ˵㣬ЦԾ
ԱԾ8뿪ʼڵԾֻܡΡˡ
εҪеš
ҲҲеš
ЦЦ˵ȻҪˣ϶ҪԱ԰ѹأԱǲױԾԱҪߵͬʱԿߵҪҲͬߣҪ󿼺ߵ۹Ϭ׼˵۹⣬϶ԶԶġڽûйϵǼ֮ҲͲˡ
ΪɶΡͬʱʵһЩ⡣
˵Ǽ֮ӦøӽŲŶ԰ɣ
ܵʵϴȥʥݷʱڼ֮ǰҲΪĽţ֮ҷˡеԭΪѾһַ豹ľ磬һͨһ
Ρ໥俴˵ͷ˼
һС˵ʱǿܲţӦøӵľηɣ
ܻͷȷǲʶˣʱ򻹺ã֪ԷĻȷӵľη
Ρ໥俴˿ֶ˵ͷ



һǧپʮ ֻһӵʱ俼
ЦԾ
ܡΡ˵Ź飬ʱ򣬴ڴ߽һͨӡ
ܼæ˵һ䣬ˡ
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ΡˣһͻҲæվŴڴ߽ӡ
ǵĵһоȷһͨӣϴŵЦ⣬ָһʮ͵ĸо
֪ΪʲôǼ֮󣬱ʮֽŵ飬òٽˡ
Ϊ֪ľηø
ˣһ£λΣλܽΡ˽һ顣
Ρͬʱ˵ã
ЦЦ˷ֱ֣˵ֵҲá
ΡЩܳѡ
󣬼˵һܵݸһϣ˵ǽҪԾԱϡ
ͷӹһ£˵һε㣬ѡʵ㣬ȥطǧɽˮԱǿ϶ǳࡣԣԱܷԵÿп࣬ѡԱĵһ׼ҪжԱܷԿ࣬ҪǵĻˡ
ܡΡͷ˵ɮʦͽȥȡɽ·Զ裬ǵĹ£ҲӦɽˮŶԣһεȻ࣬ȴǷǳ˷ܺڴ
ΡҲʾһҪȥЩطͬҲҪǧ࣬ǰȡһȻ࣬˷ܺڴ
ЦЦ˵ͺãʵҲڴԱȫȷ֮Ǽ׼ȥһЩҪȥĵطʵʵĿ졣
ܡΡͬʱ˵õģˡ
ЦЦ˰֣˾㷽飬һ̽֡
ʱúܿ죬ܿ͵8룬ԱԾʽʼһԾԱҪԾĽɫ˽䡣
Զ36꣬ԱݹಿӾ磬СҲ
ΪǲױԾԱҪ뵽ɫУѶҪȴױԾߡ˵ҪжԱʲʺԾĽɫѶҲͬߡ
˵ȻνѶȡ
Զ΢ЩŵģԼԾݣȻЩĿϯϵˣҪǸˡ
֮ǰȻûмܹ϶Ǹһ
֪ԾܲͨȫȡǸˡ
ܿ죬˿ˣԶź㲢ʺϳ˽䡣
ԶЩźͿɬ˵Щл֮Ļ뿪ȴ˼˵ΪԳ̫׽ɫԸ𣿡
̫׽ǣϤμǡԶȻ֪ôһ
ֻǣֻһϷݲ׽ɫԼô˵Ҳǣȥһ׽ɫ⡭
ԶЩԥӾ׽ɫԶȻҲֱӾܾǡμǡԶǳԥ
˵ԲҿԿһ𣿡
ЦЦ˵ԣֻһӵʱ俼ǣһ֮Ҫѡ񡣡
ֻһӵʱ䣿Զ΢ЩԼôҲһλǣҪҪҪһ׽ɫȴֻһӵʱ䡣
ԭΪȥúõĿǣϣܹӦ̫׽һǣһλǳݡμǡӾеһ׽ɫһȥԵáμǡӾбƸ
ȴ룬ֻһӵʱ俼ǣԶﲻ
뵽ЩηݣԶҰĲֳֻѾܾ˳̫׽һǡ
ȻǣȴִֻܵǲҲա
ǣʱһӣԶ˵Բһϣܹ˽䡣
൱Ǿܾ̫׽һˡ
ԶӲĸ֪ܹ⣬ЦЦ˵õģԶ㡣
ԶͷҲ˵ʲôлĻˣֱòԵĸ֮߳Ծ
Զȥ֮һ˵ȥƺЩ̫׽ǺίƵģһǶѣԼˡ
ܵһЦ˵ǵҲȷʸˣֻǿϧȻûгֵʶμǡһƷμǡӾ㣬ֻӰӦûڵġ
վ۹ⲻҲԹñˡ
ЦЦ˵ÿ˶ԼжϺѡǶǴÿ˵ĴҲһһλԱɡ
õģܡΡͬʱ˵



һǧپʮ ѡ
һλԾԱ
½ƽ42꣬ԱҪԾĽɫʦ
ʦϷȻ࣬ȴǳߣҪɫԱǳࡣ
ʦ֮Ըߣյʦ֮⣬ΪΪصݡ
˵ڡμǡƷУʦΪص
ͨԡѣڶңʦݵĲ²⣬ʼûжϹʼִ¡
ӡμǡڣϹʦݵۣʮ֮ࡣ
һλȻϷݲ࣬ҪݵԱȴǷǳ࣬ҡ
½ƽԼԾݣ΢ЩĵŽ
С˵ô
ҲС˵һ㣬ǺܵλʦȻϷݲ࣬ǳҪǶɫԱҲҪҪ󡣡
ܵͷ˵õģ
Ȼ½ƽǳźûͨ½ƽȴû뿪˵ֵǳǸұݵʦλһϣܹ롶μǡ飬ǳһЩ۵СҲԡ
Ŷȫ΢ЩĿ½ƽһۣ˵½ƽǣί𣿡
½ƽЦ⵱ȻᣬμǡһǳΰƷⲿƷгݽɫֻһܲ۵СɫҲеǳҡ
ϸĿ½ƽһۣ˵ͷ˵ȻˣôμǡӾ飬ӭļ롣
½ƽϲ˵ллллֵҷǳҡ
½ƽĸ뿪
½ƽ뿪֮ܵͷ˵½ƽѡȷġ
ΡҲͬ˵ͷЦЦû˵
ԾԱҲΪҪߵԭ򣬽ļԾԱûͨߡߵԱǡ
ҲżԸ໨һЩʱԱѡϣҲʹý͡ȥԱ
һλԱԾɮţ41꣬߾Ա
ĸǣպɳɮѾѡֻʣɮ˽ˣȻνΪļҡ
ֻǣɫԱҲѡΪϸԱҪɹͨԾĸʺܵ͡
֮ǰԾԱûͨҲͬû⡣
ֶ˵ţǳź㲢ʺϳɮΪԳ̫׽һǣԸ𣿡
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ţ˵ͷܹǳ׼ȷĸоȻҲһ㶣ȴûκβˬ
ܡΡˣҲͬţҲܹĸоųһ֮⣬ƺûʲô
ôŻѡܡΡЩ档
ʱҲͬһӣ۾һ˵ҿǺˣԸ̫׽һǡ
ŵѡ⣬˵ͷ˵ôμǡӾ黶ӭļ롣
ŵллллֵ
Ȼ̫׽ֻһ׽ɫһ߾ǳһ׽ɫƺЩ
֪μǡһΰƷӾ磬Ӿĳ֮ӰȻҲСǷͬСɡ
ôͲܰѡμǡе׽ɫе׽ɫԴ
Ƕ߾Σڡμǡг̫׽һǣҲӦøеҡ
Լѡ񲻻д
Ÿ뿪
Żѡ̫׽һǣܡΡ΢һЩ⣬ǱΪŻܵġ
ϾǶ߾ǡ
Ȼ߾Ǳ֮ǣֻǸһ𣬵ߵߣȴһʵķԽѶǽǵʮϡ
ңΪŸո˵ֻһӵĿʱ֮󣬲ûбֳܡΡˣźкøС
ˣܡΡֻʾ⡣
ȴû뵽Ųûԥþͬˡ
ȻܡΡţŵѡȷġ
̫ͬ׽һǣҲΪĸˡ
ҲȷһλԱǡ



һǧپʮ Թ
ԱԾԾԱһһĳ
ʱ򣬹ڡμǡӾԱԾĻ⣬Ҳǳȡ
Ƕ֪μǡӾԱԾǴӽ쿪ʼ
ôЩԱЩɫȫǳĺڴ
Цҵ¥£ڶýڴ˶أѰܹɷõǰԾԱǵĻᡣ
ǲɷõصϢ֮󣬻ڵһʱ䷢ǵýϡ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ЩصýǣΪһΡμǡӾѡԱĲߡ
ǶϣȴǵĵһϢ
ǲȥϢܹ̾ѡ
߾ԱЦңҪԾĽɫɮ
רãԱ½ƽԾʦһʧܡȻˡμǡӾ飬ھгݲС׽ɫ
ңԱԶԾ˽һʧܣԶ͸¶̫׽һǣֻһӵʱ˼գлˡ
һ߾ԱֳԾĽɫɡ
£̫׽һǵԱѾȷɶ߾Աݡ

ԾֳϢýǲϵıһпһ۷׷ס
μǡӰǲһߡߵǣֱȥԾһ߾ҲС
ϻμǡΰƷ㣬ĸԱݽɫ
ԶȻܾˣ̫׽ǵĽ顣ǿ̫׽ɫ
٣Ҳ֮ԾܾΪֻһӵ˼ʱ䣬ЩɡϾҲǸ׽ɫȻֻһӵʱ䡣
УǵȷСˣҲҪ˭ȰҪʲôƷе׽ɫϸһӵ˼ʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ˡǰԼ¶ˡ
ǣǡμǡе̫׽һǣһܹݣǾңĲɷãƺίƵġ
ΪһǣҪȥһ׽ɫӦÿȰɡ
ȵȣϢ̫׽һǵԱѾȷˣɶ߾ųݡ
ŲҪԾɮô̫׽ˣ
ܼ϶ԾɮûͨȻ̫׽ǣͽ̫׽ˣƺ֮ǰԶࡣͬǣԶίﲻûнܣŽˡ
ţӦþˡ˼Ҷ߾ǶܹܣһǻίҲֻһǵԭˣҲ룬ǿġμǡ
ǣ֮ǰ½ƽΪ˼˾飬Ըݲ۵С׽ɫƸȺݲ˶ˡҹڡμǡ֮½ƽҪˡ
ϢˣŵĲɷãȻ͸ղǲ²һ̫׽ǵģһԥ֮ʹӦˡΪܹ̫׽һǣѾһˡ˼ŵľǲһѹܹΪ߾ǡ

ԾֳϢһһĴʱ˷ܣʱпִ˲ˡ
ԶԾʧܣ־ܾ˳̫׽֮߳Цң¥½˼ּߵĲɷãȻ뿪
뿪֮ҲϹעԾ߾ţҪ̫׽һʱûģͻȻЩˬͷꡣ
ƺ̫׽ɫӦݵģȴ˱һ㡣
뵽ȥúÿǵĻӦҲǻܵġ
ȻȴֻһӵĿʱ䡣
ԶãΪԭ򣬲ûѡ̫ܳ׽һǣʧȥˣ̫׽ǵĻᡣ
ԶԽԽǲˬͷ꣬Ȼֿϣǹܾ̫׽һµۣջ
ģһԹһжֻһӵĿʱġ
ԹԽԽйҪˡ
ǣԶԼ΢дȥμǡӾ飬Ծ˽һǣźûгɹⱾҲûʲôҳ̫׽ǣΪһǣȥһ׽ɫȻҪһµġ
Ȼȴֻһӵʱ俼ǡ
ʵǴܽ飬̫׽һǵģΪ;ָ߰ͣΪμǡӾ粻һ̬ȣίлˡ
˵ǣμǡȻ󣬵Ӧð̬ŵһ㡣
ϾЩԱݣֻԱݺˣμǡӾŻɹ



һǧپʮ ʲô
ԶΪǣ΢ĹעȻҲͣ΢ûã˷ˡ
ȻΪ΢ݵĹϵں̵ܶʱڣʹ硣
ڿ֮󣬶Ǽֲ⡣
ǣܹԶҪ˼ǣԶΪʲôҪһ΢
ǺԵ˵͡μǡ̬ǳߣǳİ˿һλǿһ׽ɫѣǳģֻһλλһӵĿʱ䡣
ԶΪʲôҪһ΢ѵڻȻΪһλǣڡμǡ飬ǰҲӦܵĴ
Զ΢˲չ顣
ҲԶôҲһλǣôоȫϰ˵û˻ţһλ̬ǳߵˣˣ˼ҲоԵʸԶǰԣԣӦ˵ԶʸûС
Զôǵģһȣͬөǳ֮Ĳһ˼Ҹһӵʱ俼ǣѾˣ㻹ίǵݵ¶ˡ
Զ˼ˣ˼ǣǵݣȥ̫׽ôһ׽ɫ;Ӧöж£ӦÿȰܣôֻܹһӵĿʱأǷˣ治֪ǵģ
ǻ󻹷ǳϿҡĽ˵;̬ŵһ㣬ЩԱҪôһܲܳɹȫЩԱݵúòã˵ǣ˭˵ţ

ʵ벻ףԶΪʲôᷢ΢뷨
Զ˷˿ǣҲֻһ̾ҲףƽʱоͦԶһεô˵Ĳϣ
мģһֱǱڰˣ΢Ե÷ǳ˷ܣƺ˲ֻ˹һ㣬ս
Զ˵˾乫ˣ̬һֱǳߣ֮ǰֻǴηû˸˵ѡ
ΪԶޣ˵ӣֲò˵
Զ˵öԣŵ̬μǡӾ罫ܻɹ
Ҫŵ̬ǾԲܵˣΪѾϰ߸߸ˡԣһǲҪԡμǡӾ籧ڴˡ
ǣǣҲҪڴˡ

Щûã˵Ƿǳ̹ôãֵȵһλᣬȻܻŹ
Щǿֱ֮Ӿͱˣû⣬Ҳûȥ
ֻ룬þûпЩˣһˡ
֪ˣЩԭһֱڣֻƽʱڰ֨ѡ
ֻǵȵʱ򣬲ŻQһ£һ񫣬˶ѡ

Ҫ̫׽ǵĶ߾ţԶ΢֮ͬܲ⣬˵ˡЦ֣һ̾ҡҡͷ
Զ֮䣬Ȼ˵ϹϵжãҲʶѣԶ΢ֻһ̾÷ǳźͿϧ
½ƽҲͬԶ΢Ҳͬһ̾ͬΪԱеǳź
ڶǣҲͬԶ΢ѾȥμǡԾԱҲ׼ҪȥԾԱǡ
Ƕʾ⣬ԶĸˣȻ뷨̫޴ͿЦˡ
ҲмǴͬתԶ΢Ϊޣ֧Ԯ

Զ΢̹֮ˣԹҲйȥˡ
ʵҲ֪΢ȥ϶⵽ܶ˵ķԣ˵ڡ
Щʵ뷨²죬˵Ҳûа취ˡ
ԺˣӰƷˣȫֲֻӰƷ
֮ǰûвݹӰƷһǵλá
ȻЩźԶҲûʲô˵ġ
ֻǣԶȻûʶƾݵλֻҪкԺԶѵõƷĻˡ
ҪĴкֻҪ΢ıֳһЩԶĲԶٵõƷĻᡣ
ΪĵݣһǳĽ˻ᣬͶȥһͶ״
ԶҲԶõͶ״ᡣ
ô˶Զ
ǣᡣ
ЦԾ
ԱԾĿЪʱ䣬ܡˣҲԶ΢
ܡΡ˶ʱüͷ壬еǳߡ
˵Զʲô˼Ϊǵݺ˲ǲǣ
εԼˣǵġ
ǰ治֪ԭӵһˡ
ȫӦøŶԡ
ΪԶ΢Եģ
ȻȴǾ㵵ķ֣Ϲž޲û˿仯ûпԶ΢һ
ţѵûп
̽ʵ㿴Զոշ΢𣿡
ЦЦ˵˰
ܡΡ˾㵣̽˵㡭㲻
ЦʲôҪô˵ȥɡ
⡭ܡΡ໥俴ͻȻ˼


һǧ Ӱʷϵ
ܡΡ˼ǽˣƾĵλ豹ľ磬ȷܻΪԶ΢
ңԶʸûС
ܡΡ˸пѣԱԾС
ȵһԾȫʱ򣬲ǵԱȷ̫ۡϾȵȡ
ɮ˽䣬Լ߸ʦȸĽɫʱûȷ
ԾԱԾȫ˵棬ҪҪһ
ͷЦã
ܵãȥС
˵꣬ߵԾ⣬Щٲĺ˵ޣȥӦͼˡԣ㲻ýš
һͻæ˵õģͽȥ
ܵͷ˵ɡ֮ת߽Ծ
Ҳ˽ȥֻôܻ᲻ţǲǾģɲֵһˣŲŹء
Ȼ˽֮⣬˷ܺڴ
߽ԾϯϿȥǸ˲ǵλصǰ˭
ȻѾ²⵽ˣڿȻš˷ܡ
첽ߵǰľһǳ˵ǰ
ǰǰ޵һǰܡΡЩ±ƣֲС˵ʲôǰ
˿ޣЩĪ
ЦЦ˵һҡͺãּˡ
æǣ
ʱܡΡˣͺ֮䣬Ȼʲô£
ֻǣʲôĹ£Ȼ棬ȴǲҶʡ

ߵԱԾˣϹԱԾĻ⣬ȴǲûн
ԽԽԱȷҲԽԽ˷ܣԽԽڴ
˷ܡڴģȴֻĵӾ桶μǡӰӹ˾ĵӰ桶μǡ
28Ӱӹ˾28ڡμǡĵӰȲ˵ӰݣôڡμǡĵӰѾ㹻˷ܡ
⼸ʱ28Ӱӹ˾ٿŷᣬ˾ԱȻԱ
һ28λԱգϵӾĺޣ29λν29汾ա
ǣɮ˽䡢ɳɮû29汾Ϊмʦͽ˶С
硶칬棬ֻգ˽䡷ûɳɮȵȡ
ȻĹ¶ʦͽ󣬹20汾ʦͽˡ
20ಿڡμǡĵӰֲͬͬͬ
˵ͬΪǶɮʦͽˣȡ·ϷĹ¡
˵ͬȻΪЩÿһȫһ
20ಿֲͬͬͬĵӰͬһʱҲͬһʱ㣬ͬһʱӳ
ⲻǻӰʷĵͷһΣǷĵӰʷϣҲһοǰģҲпܻۡ
ǡμǡһΰƷһεۡ
ԣڶýʮ˷ܣֱǸ˷ܣϵһ߹һ
⣬ʵĽڶҵýĹע
עԴͷǡμǡʵϣڡμǡصʱ򣬾ѾһЩýĹע
ҲһЩҵĳǣμǡİȨ
֮ԻӰˡμǡµ֮⣬Ϊμǡ
֮ǰ־ѾˣϴĹҡ
Եũׯʳ£ȫڶҵʳǣû˲֪Եũׯׯ֮
ȻܶķʳҲ֪ͬǲʳǲϲʳǡ
ȻΪ˹޼Сĵֽ磬Ϊֵһˡ
š˹޼С߳߳ŷޣ磬Ϊеľ䣬ڡ˹޼СḶ́ʷϳΪ˴档
Ϊֶ¡
ȻСϵй¡ȫʮңĦ˹̽ҲѾŷޣڿʼȫ硣
ΪҶ¡
ڣƷμǡڻѾΪԵľ䣬ȻҳǵȤ
ȻȻμǡ͵һΣӰʷϿǰģҲпǾۣ˸ҵýע⡣
ϸ˽֮󣬾ѣ׷ԼĹҽб
ٴμǡһɮʦͽˣ裬ݷ󾭵ħ¡գݡμǡıĵӾ硢Ӱ29һӾ磬28Ӱ28Ӱֱǣɮʦͽģ28ͬģȡ·ϵĹ£28ҲͬӰӹ˾㡣ͬһʱͬһʱ㣬ͬһʱݣƵӰʷϵһۡ
ӰʷһοǰϮݻμǡı28Ӱͬһʱͬһʱ㣬ͬһʱݡ28Ӱ28Ӱӹ˾ֱ㣬ҪɫȡɮʦͽˣÿһӰĹȴȫͬ
ƷμǡһӰʷϵۣ



һǧһ 
ڶҵý׷ױЩҵǣڿЩ֮ҲӰ羹Ȼ׳۵ĳ棡
ҵ۷׷ס
μǡһʲôӵƷȻܹͬʱı28ͬĵӰ
ȷǵӰʷϵһʢоǳˣϧǿˡĽһƷ
μǡħƷʲôħƷǹҺû͵Ʒ
ħƷӦúЩɡħйذɣ
ӦþλԵũׯׯԼϵƷĦ˹̽˹޼СƷˣһλ
μǡӦҲһƷȻôܻôӰ
ڷǳ棬20ಿӰֱʲôӵģ֪ȵЩӰӳ֮ǹûӰԺȥ
ϣаɣ֮ҲҪȥҲǳĺ棡

μǡıӰ飬Ѿɹң˹㷺ĹעЩϢͨ˹ڡ
Ӱӹ˾ˣýǿˣҲͬˡ
Ӱӹ˾Ϊ˷ܣпܽӰӳȨȥһԶԶֹһҡ
ܹȥùڵĵӰڹϳҲԼӰӹ˾ڹ¶ܹ׬׬һʣֱ
øӰӹ˾¶˾ģһҪŬѵӰĺãȡӰȥΪڵӰҲӰӹ˾¶ܹ׬һǮ
֮ǰӰӹ˾ĵӰȥĿԺͻᡣ
ڣΪ͡μǡӰȥĿˣҲˣܹܲץס᣿ҪԼŬˡ
Ӱӹ˾ĸɾˡ
ڶǣڿЩϢ֮Եøĵ˷ܡ
ôҵôѣȫ͡μǡԼμǡͬʱı28Ӱ£֮г˺桢ĽͿҲܹ28Ӱ
ڶڵǣȻһԽ֮У˷ܡ
۷׷ףһ߹һ

ҲͬˣصϢͱе⡣
ǰʱ򣬡μǡͱΪʮ֣ʮңӰ켫
ڶѧߡרң˲ٹڡμǡоĺרԡμǡ˼ߵۡ
磬Ϊ෽صӰ죬μǡϵӰӦǰҪֻŸոտʼѡ
Ȳ⣬Ҳ˷ܣʵһǳƽ顣
ڶԱԾʼ֮ǰܡΡȴǼΪ˷ܡ
˷ܵԭȻΪμǡӰѾ߳ˡ
˷ܵû뵽μǡôˡ
΢΢һЦ˵Ǻ
æֱͷ˵ԶԶԣȷǺ飬ֻû뵽ô졣
ΡҲͬпѣĿǰƿμǡٽֻǹڵΪһ
Ȼμǡʸֻû뵽ٶȻô졣
һ룬ϱѾ˲СӰڡμǡô磬Ҳ
ֻǣأԻ˷ܲѣֱĵһλԾԱ߽Ծ˲ǿѹסԼ˷ܵ顣
ԱԾʽʼԾԱ̳
ΪμǡѾԭ򣬽ԾԱǣձԾԱӵ˷ܣҲӵĿܹ顣
ҲһЩǵԱȷɫʦԱҲѾȷɶ߾ǹƄݡ
ԾֳϢҲͬһ¥µýǣϵķýϡ
ǣҲȻΪһһϢ˷ܣ۲ͣ
ļʱ䣬ԱԾУɮ˽֮⣬нɫԱѾȷ
Уǹעģɫ߸18Ӱ˰ݡ
ܹͬעģɫ񣬽Ա־ݡ
ֻʣɮ˽䣬ǵԱûȷˡ
һʱ֮ûкʵԱҲż
죬ͣԱԾĹþȥ׼Լʡǽһҵ߹
Ϊӵ˹ĵ绰˵ЩߣѾɣȥһǷϸ
ЩȻ㡶μǡʱҪõģԱǵߵȡ
ա˽ԼڶħֵȽɫҪߵġ
ҪģͣǰǰģСͯ桶μǡеġ
պ˽˵ߣȫСͯ桶μǡеģһħֵߣһֵһЩССĵ



һǧ ˽Աȷ
ʡǽһҵ߼ӹ
һλ˵Ҫеĵȫˣ㿴һвԵĵط޸ġ
ͷ˵õģˡ
ԵߣԼеĵȫһ飬ЧΪ⣬ûʲô⣬ﵽԤЧ
ؿˣպ˽˵ߣָһЩҪ޸ĵϸڲ֡
ֻǳЧʱҪλԱͣһĵ
˽ָҪ޸ĵĵطǳϸһһ¼֪ЩߵҪԣ˿ĵ
һȫ֮뿪˵߼ӹ
ڼӹ⣬һֱӵЦ¥£¥߽ңԾ⣬εǳıǸɮ˽ɫ֮⣬нɫԱѾȷˡ
һ˵ֵ֪Ҿ飬㿴ܲݸħɶģЩûнɫĽɫҲУ㿴񣬸оͦʺħֵġ
εǿԣǺȺû̫Աȷ𣿡
һֵȷȷֻҪܹ飬ʲôУҿڲͬĳУݲͬĽɫ
ʱѾ߽Ծμˣæ˵ˡ
εĶһ35ҵӣ׳ǴԲģ175ңӦþǸո˵ģǸҪԱˡ
εĻһû뵽֣ȫ׼Եúܽţ˿߽Щִٵ˵ã
ЦЦ˵ã
ϸĴһۣ۾΢΢һƺЩȤμˣܵλԱҪ飬Ըħ֮ģûнɫĽɫ
ͷ˵ҸոѾˡ
ֶǰԱ˵ԭǴԾһɫ
æ˵ԭǴԾ棬ֵԾ֮ǰԱѾȷˣҾ÷ǳźҲûԾˡ֣һǷǳҪ飬ԽܲܳһЩûнɫĽɫ
ͷԭˣôΪʲôһĽɫأ
ЦҵʱֻԾ棬ΪҸоͦʺġҪɫʱȴеĽɫѾȷԱˡֻϣܹ飬ЩûнɫĽɫ
ЦЦ˵еĽɫȷԱ˰
һ㶣Ӧ˵֪ģɮ˽ǵԱûȷ˵Ȼǲܵġ
֮ǰһҪԾ棬ŻԾһЩǽɫֻҪܼУһЩûнɫĽɫ
ɮ˽ǣû
ֿ˿˵ͷ˵ûʲôܵģҵΪ˽һɫǳʺݣԳһ¡
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֪ȻԣǾ˵ʺϣ˵һɳˡ
νֻһ㶣ȴǳ׵סð춼ûзӦ
ò׷ӦˣȴֲԼĶ䣬ոһˣ˽һǣôأ
һ£˵Բո˵ҳ˽Ľɫ𣿡
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ӲٻԼĶˣͻȻ֮ʮ˷ܺͼѾֻǾϲôˣһȫϵĸԵ
ҡĿ𣿡
ûпĿԡȻ˽һҪʱߣĹУҪɽˮǳ࣬ҪĿǡ
Ȳ˵ÿǣÿǣҶ£ҲԲ˿Թԡ
ͷ˵
˵ȻҲԳ˽䣬ԱƷǷأѡԱĵһ׼
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ŬԼԾľ籾Ƭηĥ֮ȫ׼ˣʼԾݡ
һݣοþϲѣȻʺϳ˽䣬оǳĺá
˵۹⣬һθ̾ѡ
ҲΪ⣬ȻıݣҪһЩ룬оǶ˵ġ
ֻҪоˣо벢ûʲôϵֻҪָ㣬ܹĿУ˽
ô˽ԱȻȷˡ
մӵ߼ӹȷ˽ԱҲǳĸˡ
ֻʣɮԱûȷˡ



һǧ 
ȷԼҪ˽֮󣬼ǧл˺һ֮˷ܵȥ
ʱͬˣ˵˽ԱѾҵ֮Եú˷ܡ
ֻҪҵɮԱⲿͿԿˡ
ѾĿ꣬ҵΪ˷ܵ˵ϢϢ
΢΢һЦ˵˵ĸˣѵɮԱѾĿꣿ
ܹһЦ˵ȻʲôȷҽȥӰӻؿ죬ҵһԱоͦʺɮģҪҪȥ
ͷãȥȻУӦû̫⣬λԱʲô
ܵһλԱʲôʱ֪һûȥֻǰй۲ܳһʱ䡣
ͷ˵ãʱ磬λԱӦûӰӻأ͹ȥɡ
ܵʱȷӦûڣҴˣݵǲϷ϶Ӧûû뿪
ãǾ߰ɡ
¥һֱӰӻء
Ӱӻλʡǳ20ﴦӰӻأȫҲ
һСʱ֮߽ܶӰӻء
ӦǱߡָһ˵
ͷ˳Ÿոָķȥ
ʱһֳһ֮ͻȻ۾һ͵͵ָָһ20Ա˵ǸԱɫŷǸ
ϸĿƬ̣΢΢˵ͷȷоУֻǲģ˵ŻУٹ۲۲졣
ܵõģ
ϷһװϷλԱݵһλȻ׽ɫͷȴǲ٣м̨ʡ
ϸ۲λԱ̬ȵȣЩܹĶֻݼ
۲һ֮ٴε˵ͷ˵ҸоҲɢ֮ȥ쵽ԾȻԸȥˡ
ЦõģӦòܻܾ
ЦЦ˵Ըˡ
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˿еǸԱڹ黹˵ߣԼ·֮󣬿ʼӰӻȥ
ܶ໥˵ͷȥ
û߶Զܿ߼λԱ˵λԱ
λԱ΢΢һ㶣ŽסԼ˵ãʲô𣿡
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λԱҵȻȥԾҾһ׵ԱȥԾμǡ
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λԱʱʶסģӦþʲôˣ÷ǳ֣μǡĵôʲô飿
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ԾλԱ˵ȻаֻǣμǡеĽɫɮ˽֮⣬ȫѾȷԱ𣿡
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λԱ˵˽ԱӦǽողȷġȻֻʣɮһɫȥԾԾĸɫûɫ˰
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ɮλԱ󾪣ǻԼĶǲˣɮǣôܻһ׵ԱȥԾܰɡ
λԱľȣܲ⣬ЦЦ˵ԾɮĽɫⲢûʲôֵģ޵ĹӦ֪ɣԱءĽĿֻԱʲʺĳɫء
һ˵λԱ˼˵ͷ
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λԱøǼ˵Ҳ𣿡
ܵͷǵģոյıݡ
λԱԽԽ˵ô˵Ҳ𣿡
ЦЦ˵󡣡


һǧ ʽ
赭дһ䡰󡱣ȴǽλԱôһ¡
ҵ󣿡ʱ˿̣λԱֻһͷҪ͵תȥƺЩתȥ
ǿǴ˵еͻȻ֮ǳĽţһ
˺һƬ̣СģתԼ壬ȻһԼͲӣվڲԶ
է֮£ǵõͨϹŵЦ⡣
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ո˵Ҫ絽ЦԾȤ𣿡
λԱæֱͷ˵УУаУȤ
ͷ˵õģ
λԱõģõģ缸Ծһ綼ʱ䡣
Ǿŵɡ
λԱõģŵ㣬һ׼ʱ
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ټټλԱ˵Ȼڼȵ˷ܵС
֮ǰʮĽ޵ľԵȴõ죬ҲõͬĻԵ
Ȼ컹ҪȥԾڻܰٷ֮ٵĿ϶һܹɮһǣȥԾģͨļʺܴ
ͬʱҲڲϵĸԼһҪŬץסһξĻԵ

ڶ˵㣬һ߽Цңǰ̨˵ãҽǹԾģԼõʱľŵ㡣
ӣȻλ˵Աˡ
Լʱŵ㣬Ļٵߵ÷ǳ硣
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Ծܶڣǰ̨ӽǰԾ˵ˡ
ܵͷ˵ȻǰˣԾɡ
ǰ̨ӴӦһ߳ԾֱӽȥԾɣվлֹ
˼߽Ծ
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ܶ˵𣬹ϲ㣬Ծͨˣӭ롶μǡӾ顣
仰ĶУͬһ㣬ˬ˷ּµĸоһӶܻǡ

ˣμǡнɫԱȫȷһϢڵһʱ䣬㱻صļǷϡ
󣬡μǡٷԼĸ΢ȷ˴¡
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ȫȷˣҪ˰ɣղһ󲽣ãð
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ףôһ˵ɮʦͽУ˽ԱǶ㲻ϣ޸һλˡǺ׽ɫУȴߡߡߵǣ۵ƣһ߾ԱǶһ޶
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ȻˣôڵӾ粥֮ǰȿӰҲ28Ӱ㹻ǿˡӾٿɣõĶҪ

μǡӾ缴ʽģӰӹ˾ġμǡӰѾ½ʽġ
һڡμǡӰʢ磬ڲ֮ͽϮѾȲ



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μǡӾ缴ʽģڿʼĳڣҪ鶨ȻǷǳġ
ҪܹͨβħӾ磿βܰѡμǡĳЧ
Ȼָɮʦͽ˵ıݣǺݵգҪβܱݳǰСͯĸоȵȡ
ȥ졶μǡصȵȡ
֮һ仰ʱ϶̫С
ȻΪĳһġμǡƷһҲӦġ

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ЩУкܴһֶԣ˵һǳҪӡ
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һƬһͼ·ۣ쳣С飬澭ΪʮС֡
ԭĩ꣬Ԫξʧʱض˽顷͡澭ʮơѧؼһС
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ΨðܹҵŲ콣һ
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ӹ޶ǡΪް桱
汾У顷澭ʮơȣΪ˲һϣ콣вصģǿһرͼСƬ
ѡõް档



һǧ ޼ɵĸ
콣еڱ˷ܡָпǧ
˷ܡȻΪ顷澭ʮơֽԼڴ˼µ࣬ڱҿ鱾ĻȻˬС
оǹ콣֮ɡ֮棬̾Ϊֹ
пǧΪͨ콣صܣһο˹ضˣǣԹҵĳ൨ġ
ѳǣҪѡ顷ѡ澭ʮơѧ伮ںˣڴ־֮ʿܹӣոɽӡ
ǾϹᣬѡ
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ǡĹ½ˣĹҲˡ
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ˣСŮĺ˳뵽СŮˣʱѾЩ˸С
ѾǵĴ˵ˣҲûбҪ˸С
Ȳ˵СŮˣ룬޼С󵽵ûУĸ⣿
ҿûȫãȻѾȷ֪ĸŮӵУǾذĽĴмǿͬĳ飬Сϧ鲻ԽذĿ̹ǵమ֪֪ŮӶʱֲľܾ˵֪ӦܾǸһֵϲϵĸо
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ӹЩѰζҾ룬޼Сӳȷİ֮⣬ŮӣжŮ֮İ
жǲ֪һеģҲܹ˵޼һ˰ɡ

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Լ׼ŵԣǰɹţ֮ɹţӴ˲ٻ
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ңĻȫŮӶεĺãεĳ飿Ůӣõĵطȫˡ
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ҪΪģ޼ֻǵñ˶ĺã͸δ˺ܴı



һǧ һʲô͵Ʒ
޼ɶڸĴúܶԷ׷²ۣǡ֮һ
ȻȻ˻޼ɶԴѡ񣬺͹˶ԴѡȽϡ
СŮĸ壬淶ڻ뻪ݹ֮ҡڣҲǳڵ¼ֵڸֻء
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ȷΪ޼һˣҪģĳֽǶȿʵҲȻӣֻǰûж㡣
Ȼⲻ˵޼ԴǲԵģֻǾСӣᴦԼĸ顣
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֪ӹֻᴴһʲôƷҼǵ˵Ʒġ
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ѡȷǶԵġôΪһƷʲôƷ
С˵֮⣬˴С˵Ҽǵϴڴ꡶Щ꣬һ׷Ů֮˵ټС˵ˡ˴С˵֮⣬һǳóС˵ĴΪΪӦûᴴС˵ԩɽףӢ̨ĵͤǡʵ̫ˡ
ǰĲƷıĻ磬¼˱Ѿҡҡ׹ĻгûгһƬٵгνʮҪʷת塣
ȷˣĲƷҹĻгڻгĹףδؾͻС˵С˵гĹ׵͡
Ҳ˵ӹһƷǻС˵ˣ
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ȫ͵Ʒһֱ˵ģȫ͵Ʒǳ棬һƳȫ͵ƷĻǾʵ̫ˡ
ȫ͵ƷȷҲпܣĻǻС˵
ȫ͵ƷǻС˵пܣ϶С˵ˡ
ǰ϶С˵ˡһ֪ӦҲ֪
϶Ӧ֪




һǧ ȫǳע
һȫΪӹһƷӦòС˵ˡ
ΪʵģѾС˵۷壬ǹӹԼҲд˸ˮ׼Ʒ
ӦҲǹӹ֮ǰһרУ˵ԼԺƳһ֣ȫ͵Ʒԭ
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ӹһƷܴﵽĸ߶ȵĻȵپöֵõġ
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ʵɣΪǲӦҪ󣬹ӹһƷȻܹﵽĸ߶ȣĸ߶΢һЩѾǳˡ
ȷǹӹԼԺƷҲѴﵽĸ߶ˡѾ㹻ˣǲӦ󣬹ӹ۷ˮ׼Ʒ
ӹһƷﲻ۷߶ȣȻʮֵڴȵپҲûйϵ
ȻˣǿǹӹƷǱԲһЩҲԶԶЩǵƷܹȵģ

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֮ǰӹƷԧ쵶֮󣬾ֹͣС˵ĴӶתʼ͵Ʒ
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ʵȴǣӹ˼͵С˵֮ٴλصС˵Ĵϡ
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ӹͻȻдһС˵Ҳǲ
ԹӹԡһεܽӴС˵ϵĴС˵ͬ㣬ͣð
вƷСԵӹƷġ
飬ҲǹӹܹٴһС˵
ǰûʲôϣƺһЩϣ
еĴС˵ǣȫǳڴ



һǧ ˲
ˣȫԹӹһƷǳĹע
ڽļʱܶ˶ڲ²ۣҲڵŹӹϢ
ǲûеȶãӹȻ΢ϣ˹Ϣ
˵ǡᣬĹȫһƷһȫµĹ¡Ʒ˲67ſʼʽڡЦ־أӭĶ
ϢһܿͳΪ˸Ľ㡣
ӹ΢ݺܼ򵥣ҲǳȷһƷ˲һȫµƷڡЦ־ء
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ۺĽ㣬ǡ˲һʲô͵Ʒ
־ȵ˵ѵ˲ȻһƷ
֤ݾǣ˲ȻڡЦ־أҶ֪Цһ־ӹڡЦ־صƷҲȫƷ
˵⵽˺ܶ˵ķԡ
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ǡ˲ҲС˵һħС˵
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⣬һǳҪĸ֤ǾǹӹҲͬó񻰴˵ƷĴ
֮ǰĻٰһ죬񻰴˵ϣӹƳƪ񻰴˵Ʒ丸ա͡Ӧ˵ƪƷա͡϶¡ν
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С塷СμǡƷƾԵľ䣬ǡμǡӰѾ硣
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˿˲ӦõȷһħС˵ˡ
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󣬻һҪɣǾ˲һħƷĻǹӹ϶ѡڡЦأͬѡ΢ء
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һǧһʮ ԭС˵
鲻ϣΪ˲ħС˵ˣҪռȻ޷˵Щٲֵˡ
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ȺУԣҲϲħС˵ģҲƽʱϲС˵Ǿ֡ġ
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ΪҲͬϲħС˵˲ħС˵С˵Ƕһķǳڴ
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ʱѧί칫ң貨ˣҲͬ⡣
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ݸѵС˵ӹôô̵ʱڣƳһµС˵أ˵ⲻӦð
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ݸЦҲͬΪ



һǧһʮһ 
⣬˴𰸣˲ȷһС˵
Щ֧С˵˵˹Цʵ֤Ȼ˵С
Ȼǵķ֤ݣȥ·磬ʵȴӮˣǷǳ˷ܡ
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ȻϲħС˵ϲС˵֮⣬̾Ϣ̾Ϣȴǲʧ
ʧҲͬǳ˷ܣΪҲԣ˲С˵ҲãǾͲÿȴӹƷˡ
ֻǣƺһ⣬ӹô̵ʱ֮ڣƳµƷ
ô
һǶٻһ㵣ģҪΪĸ߶̫ߣⲿ˲ƺûо׼˲òġ
һ룬ӹȻԡ˲ΪȻ֮ͬǰЩ˷ǽ˲ţܿܿķǧУɫɫ
ͱⲿƷУ࣬ɫɫĽṹͳȻǳĻֺꡣ
ôҲͣһĵģܾþȥһ롣

ʱѧί칫ҡ
貨ˣʱҲΪľȣû뵽С˵
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ͷڿȷˣ֮ǰĵģǶġ˲ðɣǾһһƷ
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Ǹոսֻ˿ͷΣ˵ô֮Ȳļ濴ȥ

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С˵ȻС˵֮󣬾͸ſµС˵ӹȻǹӹ
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˲־ԵƲ˵ǹӹƵƷˡһҶⲿС˵ڴͻǳĸߣһⲿС˵ûдﵽĸ߶ȣǻ൱ʧΪŰȫ
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ǰӿƪ˲ﵽĸ߶ȵĿԣǷǳġӹȷܹóȥһʵѾˣȴһһεģóȥӹ󡣰ǵġ
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Ҳˣԭүү
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ҵһоҲǶһƴʦĺˣ˭öʱһСӣһƴʦʱѾһλء
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ǸʱͶŮȷȽԣʱӦȻ飬Ȼż޸Ҳøӵӡ
ղûйϵѾһˣľ塣ˮľ廪һõ֣ϲ֡ϧҲľȻǸŮȡľ岻ɡ
¥ղľҪǰҸţȻĻŮ
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Ϻӿüأһ϶λҲҪȡͬʱʮֵĽԭ򣬶ûдӦͽܣľΪչˡӹòıī㽫ϺļΪɹݱʵ̫ǿˡ
Ĵ˼ϴ󡮶ӯ϶޶ɷġ׼񡯣⡮ڵڼλãеڼҲӹóʵ̫˼ˡȻҲҪлһô࡮񡯵ĳ
Ĵеϴ书ƺǳǿƴҪ϶ȴȥϴ󡣿ɼϴ书ҪԶԶ
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ӺˮõȷӦѾˣõ书ڤ񹦺貨΢ȥҲǳţӡ
ϲ貨΢֣̫иоˣӦһɣǷǳʺ϶Сӡ
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˲⿪֣͸¶һֲ֮ưӹվǹӹ̫ǿˡ
ǰԭΪá˲֣Űȫڿƺûʲôȫˡ
ȵٿɣڱϾŸոտʼҲô½ۡ
ӹһιǵ趨һοȺӣǾȻ书ȤҲṩһµ˼·
ȷ趨ɶ书ȤȻȴֻԵɺϣֻڸȲ֮£һ书ȷǳ˼ǵڴкͺУҲǳǿ
һȫµ趨ЧƺܲлӹָǴµ˼·
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ʱѧί칫ҡ
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貨һЦ˵ӿֿ֮ǰĵĻȷǶˡ
ͷ˵˵˲ܹﵽĸ߶𣿡
貨ĿǰжϣǷǳġ
ЦȻˣǾһ֤ܹﵽĸ߶Ȱɣ
貨ЦЦ˵ȻҺڴ

һڡЦУ˲һǼ棬飬飬ڶǣҲͬ顣
֮ǰٵĵģʱҲȫʧˣ˲Ŀ֣ǿˡ˲ȼĿԡ
ңԻǳ󣬼ܹٷ֮ٵĿܡ
Ȼˣֻʲôõĵģ
ϣŶڡ˲֮
⣬ýȻҲôñᣬڡЦʽк󲻾ãڶýǵı̳¯ˡ
ӹƷ˲ڽʽʼأǶ书ȤһִȺӵ趨
˲ʽʼأǶµ
ר顶˲ﵽĸ߶ȣ
˲ӹΪǴһȫµĽ磡
µĽµ̣ӹ˲ٳ

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ʡǻϱߵʡݣʡϲһʯС
ССܱȺɽֻһĹ·Զ
⼸ʱ䣬СһȺΪĿˣһҪڴϷľ飬μǡӾ顣
ʯǡμǡĵһվĵСϵľǻϲѡ
⼸ʱ䣬Ͼ֮ĵĻ⣬ȫǹڡμǡġ
СϷ10ﴦǡμǡڴʯĵص֮һ
죬ڴ˵㡣
ֳӵܣΡʼĹԱٵޡԻλݣԼһԱ˵ĻԺȫǳߡ
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ڻ֪ǣ˲ʸԶԶֹˣҲֻǶѪֶ̾Ϣ壬ԼľګʵҺ
ң˲ξݣԶԶģƷֳĶԶԶֻǾʡ
ƷʱΪͨΡɡġެȹֶ֮Թìܣѧĸ߶ȣӺдչʾһ׳
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˵˲ֻһС˵
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˲ԩƷּǴСǷԩࡣԵҲԵ
λǶ塢ʼĽݸ졢ϡ̹֮ԶɽĽݲȷɡĴˡĦǡӡˮɽͯѡʦ򸾵ȵһϵеһǷԩࣿ
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񣬱һǵСУҲֻһɵСУҪ׽Ūˡ
һ죬ԼסĸסȻһʱĹ⾰ĸסĸױ㱻СĿһУȴΪ
ĽݸӢ书ǿ£һǻͼѪΪеͼҵС
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⣬ֵĴСҲǷԩ࣬Ʒΰ׳дԡɫŨ
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һǧһʮ 顰ʦ
һ˲һдԣűɫʵӢʷʫ
֮Ѫڵͬʱʱ̾Ϣб࣬̾Ūˣÿ˶ŲΪ֪Ŀѡ
̾һֻȥϣڡ˲ĸۡ
ϣӸµĿǰԶϷľ飬ܹһš
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ԴˣǺģҪһӾʹﵽĳ̶ȣҪһľۻ
Ĳϼٹü죬ЧܹȫﵽҪˡ
⼸ʱÿһԱǳŬŬԱҪޣⲻΪޱ˸顣
Ϊ֪еԱУĻģûнӴ㣬еĶҪȱ˸ŬŲϺȣʽ֮󣬲ŲΪԼĽ̡
ʵϣʼʱ򣬺޵ȷǳϺȣûнӴϷͷλøжûУһһεġ
ܶԴȴΪ⣬ú޲ؽţ
Ҳͬûиеͷ׷޷Լ㾭顣
ΪһİֻǺޱǳ츳ʱ޵Ľǳ󣬼ѾﵽͨרҵԱˮ׼ˡ
ļʱǵݣԱÿһ춼ԵĽĳЧҪЧѾԽԽ
죬һϵһŲϣ۲
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뵽Ϣ׶Σ̧ͷڵķһ
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ʵϣֻڴʯϷݵԱ
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쿪ʼͽʽʼ㣬ֳҲͿȫܡΡλݸˡ
Ҳ˵Ҫʱ̶ֳˣңֻˡ

ңӻˣǣʱʱ̶̿εġЦҲѾַڡ
ҲΪѧ˱ڤ񹦣ʹԼüΪΪѧ貨΢ʹԼա
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һǧһʮ ˶
ѧ˱ڤ񹦺貨΢˷ܶ
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졢˵ҷ˵ĵ̣˶Դˣնεʮֵĳӣ֮ҪԷɱΪʡ
һǣڸеǳͬʱֲòɣ˳޴˺ն֮˵ԭҲͬϵйء
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ڲ軨һȴǼΪָͨһЩĴ֮󣬱˴ϲ
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ķչѸһһٰʮȵļת䣬һǸ̾ͨһżգǶôҪ
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ŮӺϣ֮ǰɽ㳤һģһ̣Ҳ
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ǾϲѣֻںǷıīܹٶһЩϲǷһλذĴ󺺡
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һǧٶʮ 鷳
һǾЩź濴ȥ
ǷĻ֮󣬲֪ǷĽݸǷ˵Լݡ
һʣΪ㣬˰˰ݣһڳơ͵ܡһС硱ǲʤ֮ϲ
һǿҲԵúЩ˷ܣǷΪֵܣǾ˵ǷӦһǳҪĽɫԺǷϷݣӦò̫١
һѾǷ۷ǳϣǷıīܹһЩڿǷݣȻ˷ܡ
û뵽ǣ˷ܵĻں档
˽Ϊֵ֮áģĺֱڳư˵ʲôֶ洳ĸˣһŮеʮ˵ãƺⲻơ
ǷȥһʶԸͬȥȻԸ⡣
Ƿ嵽·ص㡣
ͻȻü˷ܣΪֿ̡
ԭģĺӿеһŮǰ̡ͬ졢ˡ
ʱǷݽҿȻؤİ
˵ؤǵԺ֮У˲һؤ߹
ڣǷҲؤİǾ˵ǷӦǺ߹ȱȺ߹ؤʱ䣬Ҫ缸Ρ
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ڴţҲţǷ书ڡ˲һԵʮƵķɡ
֮ڴ˸ոյԭ֮⣬һԭǾΪǷأڵӦӵнʮ֣ͬ书
ǷһλϵĿĺԭҲ˳
ΪĽݸ
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ΪֻйĽϵġԱ֮ʩܹñ˵ĳȥɱˡ
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֮ؤļλϣԼͬǱߵķ粨ȺϵԽԽ࣬ƺҲԽԽӡ
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ǷٴչʾԼǿ书һ˷ܵͬʱֲЩǡ
ΪĿǰؤĺпܷˡǶǷӡ󼫺ãϣؤ﷢ҡ
ֻǣǵĲϣûʲôãʵؤķˡ
ңһԤģҪصöࡣ
ؤﱲߵ쳤ϣ˼λУǰֳһʮǰ¡
ʮǰԭȺӵһϢ˵һ֣Ҫѧ伮
¹ϵش漰ɹ֮ս£ԭȺ֮󣬾ڴͷĴ£Źһ֡
Ȼһν֣书ȴǼԭȺɱֻʣһԴһӤ򸾡
ԭȺδ֣ͣ㽫򸾺ӤһɱȻӵ书ȴǼǿԭȺ˼һҲȻ֡
ԭȺɱλŮԼҲɱһ롣
ֻʣ¼˻ţλҲûټɱˣǱԼ˺ͺӵʬ壬¡
֮󣬷ֺӻţֽ
һļ˲ǽӵϢǼٵģûҪѧؼ
ŹһսǴɱʿҲԼߵɥһ롣
ǸӤһļֽǷ塣
ڣ쳤뵽ֳģλΪǰʮǰŹѪսУһǼˣ˴ͷѹʵؤǰ֮⡣
ʮ½꣬емǲ֪ᷢʲô
֪ˡ
ΪЩ˵棬ô˵Ƿ岢Ǻˣˡ
ʱκɹ֮ս²ϣ˺޼ˡ
ȻҲͬ޴ˡ
Ƿˣɾ鷳ˡ



һǧٶʮһ 
һԤеܻǳ鷳еǵļ濴ȥ
ĵ飬ڻǷˣǷȥؤһְҪȥ⿪Լ֮ա
ʱؤڷΪɣһ֧ǷһΪǷ岻һԥ֪Ӧվһߣ
ǷԼˣһֱΪԼǺˣԱˣΪְͻȻָ֤Լˣﻹ˼ҪȥԼ֮ա
գǷˡɽģˮλֵܣټˡĳǺҲãҲã֮꣬һ˵Υģ˵һ֮ȥ
һһ̾ʵԸ⿴ĽǷһεȵӢۺ֪Ƿؤ֮Ǹ˷ܺͼ
ȴ˭֪ܿͷ˾ޱ䣬һʮǰ£ҿһʮܣǷҲһ뱻вȣһԼؤģؤİ
һз̫죬쵽һǣΪǰǷѾؤİ
޳ĪκΡ
ڽ飬ܹһǣһα˷һЩ
Ƿ뿪֮һƷõĸͻȻؤھΧס
һƷУһʲôֻ˵˵ԭؤžһǴèһǽʮƣҪʶʶ
èʮƣһ΢΢һ㶣һ˷ܡ
ϤӢ۴ǣȻ֪书ӦǴ򹷰ͽʮƣֻһƷõʲôƨ֣˵ǴèͽʮƣⲻԶ
ؤžǾ˵ǷҲ򹷰ͽʮˣһ֮ǰĲ²⣬˴𰸣ҲҪĴ𰸡
ǷĻήʮƣ˵ܹڡ˲ĽһԵʮƵķɡ
һǣ±˷һЩˡ
ֻǣһƷõĹƨ֣Ȼ˵ǴèͽʮƣʵɷҲ
˿õĴ취ȻǷڴˣһƷõĹƨ֣ʶһʲôǽʮƣ֪ýʮƣһƨܹġ
ֻǿϧǷѾˣʮֻؤһ˻ʹӦǺã
ؤ˳֣ǹƨִſˣҲȻ˸еˬ
ΪֽǹƨִſµؤˣȻʹʮƣǹƨûмʶʲôǽʮƣǾûдЧȻͲеˬˡ
һǷ߷߲ƽؤеЩһûаǷߣ˿ǷýʮƣݺݵĴǹƨֵǸжˬ
ںˣô죿
ؤǹƨֵĻ޲Ȼŭ׷׺һ뷭ۣǺиƨã
ؤλϵһһ۾ʱˬࡣ
ֻ쳤˵ҪʶְĴèͽʮƣҲѣֻҪèƤ߳־ͿˡôèأƤߣ
ⳤҲЦȻߣǽл׽ߣֲˡ
һȻûýʮֱӴôˬҲѾǳˣҲ㹻ˬˡ
һǵˬ࣬޵ؤ⻰˵൱ˮƽ
ټתʱΪֹ
ϣǷĸۣһȳΪɣʱǷͷͷҲһȸǹǶ
ǷһصĺӣĴܣ
ûзһ⣬Щ½ڣƺǷΪǵģǶϷݣúˡ
ȷˣӶھ¥ϳǷ忪ʼǷ岻ؤİ뿪֣ǷΪǵġ
ٺ٣źð˵ǷһǳҪԺıīҲ٣ⲻϣ𣿡
ҵ˼ǣһ󵨵뷨ǷҲⲿƷǡ
⡭ǷҲǣⲿƷ𣿴ûмǵƷ
ǰûڲ𣿴룬ǷҪȥԼʮǰǼ棬Ǿ˵Ƿˣڴγ󣬰ԼˣȻȴˡˡΡɣ֮ìܣҲǹ֮ìܣһӦòֻܽһǣҪҲС
ô˵ⲿƷˡţ뵽ǹӹ󣬵ȫпܵġ
ڹĵ⣬Ƿǲǣ¥ϵ¥ϵķǷ岻뵽ҵìаɣǷӦѡ񣿡
ϣɣҸо˲ⲿƷԽԽˡ
ǰҲоԽԽˡ




һǧٶʮ ţԼ
ϣһʶһ⣬ǾǷӦҲǡ˲ǡ
ǷҲǣôڴγ󣬶ҺպȴˣһìƱػĹ¡
˲һƷڱԽԽӣеĸܡ
ʱѧί칫ҡ
貨ˣҲͬ˵ŹǷ顣
üͷ΢˵裬֪ΪΣһָооǷһӢۡ
貨Ϊʲôָо
ҡͷҲ˵ôһָоǳʣƺֵĵȷȷʵĴڡ
貨Ȳ˵ΪǷҲ𣿡
ܹ϶¹ǷıīԼµַʿǷҲǣһ˫ǵƷǷһһߡң֮䣬ȻĹ
貨ͷȷˣдߵıҪǷǳߵģС˵磬ҲΨйӹд˲磬ȷԽԽˡ
Ŀǰ˲ĸ߶ȣӦò֮ˡ
貨ͷȷ˲пǣӹ֮һ߷壬ǳԽżҡ

貨Ƿ壬ǣҲͬǷ塣
۵ͬʱܶ˻ԼǷĿԼĸ΢ϡ
ǷҪȥԼǶߵĽǶȿʮǰŹѪսضʵģǷȷɣɹ֮䡭
Ƿֻһͨգ⵽ޱ䵹Ҳûʲô˻صɹȥˡǹͨƽһϧǷ岢ͨգ⵽ޱ䣬δᷢʲôҲԼ޷ס
ǷӦҲǡ˲ǣһƷѾٽֻһС˵ˡ
˲ҺЩףӹҪѡôһˡ
ΡެɡģҶˣ໥֮ƣܹ϶˵ⲿƷĸ֮󣬽֮ǰġӢ۴ǹӹĿǰΪֹƷиġ

Щǵ΢ܿһǿͷûһ
ҲЩǵ΢ôͻȻһֲ̫õԤУʲôδᷢʲôǷԼ޷סɶ˼
˼˵δĳʱǷ뵽ɹĶԹͻ֮УΪѣȲѵһЩԭԸľ
Ҳһ˵ôͻȻоǷһЩ飿
ʲô鲻ģҿЩֻЩǣԼԸˡǷ书ߣֺڵôܻᱯ飿Ժڴɹ֮䲻ѡô˭ܣȥһڵˡҲãɹҲգ޹ء
˵ûһˣڴڴɹɹ֮ìԹͲһ͵ģҲһܹġ
ǣһӦ˵˵ģڴľǣǷʲôʱܹʹýʮƶԵУ
ûҲǳڴĽʮ˫֪ǷĽʮô
㿪ʼĹ°ɣʵǵȲˡ

һǲǷᱯ飬һۣһڴš˲½ڼ¡
ǲҪȴãͻһڵġЦУһ߽ˡ˲Ľ磬һһڡ
ڡ˲Ľ˷ܡź̾ϢţָŸ־ʷ׳ʵľͳͻϵı仯С
ȻҲź̾ϢǷΪ˲Լصɽɽ¾סģԼĸĸԼҵʦʦһЩ
ȻȺϵµʱȴԼĸĸҵʦѾһΪ֡
Ƿ屯쳣ٿĪ硣
ٱ磬ǷȥŹأ˵ǸʯϵľʣµΨһۼ
ϵȵȣһǸеź̾Ϣܵ˵ǻ˷ܺͼġ
磬Ƿ崳µ죬װݻµİ졣
ˣǷΪ˾Ȱ죬֪ׯۼ˴Ľ֣ΪľҪԸȴȻηĶׯǧӡ
ִսׯصӢѪڡ
֮󣬰Ƿ֣ܾޱ䣬ҴǷ壬˵壬Ůӡ
屯Ųǣң˰ԼԼˣӴ˲ٹµ
Ź⣬ǵߵһδ
Ǵȵ˭Ǵͷ磬˸ĸ֮Լĸҵʦĳ֮󣬾ȥĴԭ
ĴԭϣǿۣҲõ̷ֺӴǣεȵңڣ

һжǳãеǣҲȫ밢ˣܹչ֣ɵӡ
ȻһڳֵʱһеãȫͻȻȻֹ
һڽţԼ



һǧٶʮ վһ
еһãȫȻֹԭϣԼҲʵ֡
һеöʧˣˣûˡ
еǣȫԸŻڡ
ڣ壬ڰ죬еĶ˵δ̫ˡ
еǣԸڡ
һڣȴʵʵķˡ
塢˷ΪǸɱ򸾣ʦҼ޻ĴˣӦþʮǰԭȺſڷ常ĸĴͷ硣
˵ʮǰͷԭȺ常ĸ˼ƭҳΪ˱µѧ伮ôεѧɹпԭ
ôͷɱ򸾡ʦ;Բԭˡ
ˣҲҪҵͷ磬гˣȻͰһȥ򣬹ǵ
ѰҴͷĹУ屻ѹؤ︱ԪķƭΪǵĴͷ硣
塢ҵʱĶһŮһȻҲǶ֮һһŮϣԣ
ٴοЦֻԵɺ֮£֪һ˵ϢȻĸǸá
Ȿһֵ÷ǳ˵飬κζǵĴͷ磬˴ʽΪж
ﱥܼ尾һ
Լʯϼ棬˵ҪͶ̸
ǿջЦͻȻ֮ˣɪɪ˵ҺΪѣ磬ûӡҲˡҺ㣬һ治ֿ㡭һôįµҶ㲻𡣡
ֻΪ˵ķֿǷֿһס֣ο
ȴ˵ÿֿܻܾúܾã뿪壬µҲµ
ٴγο˵ɱ˶֮ǾȥҲˣⱾ֮ǰԼ
ǳܹһ𣬹жá
ǣѾûлˣһ
ݳȥҶȡϵԼúݳɶҹʱʯŸԼ
Ҫĸ׽ı
ҹ裬ʯϣԶ
е飬Ҳе飬ұʾҪȡֱܳǡ
岻ԥʮƣգ޼᲻ݣֻһƣֱӷ˳ȥײʯϣĴţһ
ɣȥһڷһƵĶǰ硣
˿֮ҪɶԭǶŮ
ֱʹ֪ԭ򲻽ֻˡ
֪֮ҪһͶ֮ĶԹΪ֮⣬Ϊ
Ϊɱ˶ô϶ưոݣϵ񽣼ǿɣ壬Ҳδֵܹ
ΪףΪѡԼһԹ
屯ʹԸذȻ˵ôĻ֮ڲ˵Զı۾棬ţԼճ˿գ
֮󣬾һЩ飬֪˶ǵĴͷ磬Ȼ͸Ӳɱĸҵʦˣƭ
ʲô뱯ʹܱʱĺ뱯ʹ
ٺںͱʹҲѾ棬ٲҲٲȥ
˲ʹˣǵ㣬ʡ
죬⣬Ҳƣ԰˵ĵһ黰
Ӧ黰ɣһڡصĺ˵ܹ黰˵̶ֳȣѾǷǳܿɹˡ
Ȼ仰ʵӦǣ׵Ļ
ʱŹصҹΪѰҴͷ磬ִԽ˰Σ˵ĸԽԽ飬Ҳ⡣
֪ϲҲϲ죬ҶѾ˵֣ףȴʼû˵ڡ
ڴԽ˰֮˵һ֮
˵ԣұţ򡣡
ǰĻشȷ˹ϵҲţ֮Լ
ĳнգ˵ҪصؤǽλʵۣҲɣ
һ˾㡢㡢м㡢ԸԶԶߣһܻͬ衢ࡣ
ȷ˹ϵţ֮Լ˵ҲǼΪۡ
ǹͬճδõĻ棬Ȼ˭뵽վһ
͸еϣŬҲֲ˵һЦֻһЦеĽ֣Ѿȫı䡣
ţ֮Լѳɿգȴƺû



һǧٶʮ ̫ãδ
֮һʮŨıɫʣټʵһᣬɫŨһһ㡣
һӢۣежһǲףӹΪʲôҪôһصĴܣ˵ı飿
밢֮İ飬ī࣬ȴ˵ĺңĶǡ
ţԼһ½֮йڡ˲ֻʣ밢йصģϻۡϸġŮӡ
˶֮ĵطԣԸһβ
ϧȲ֪ڻǿ֣ǸϻۡϸġŮӣԼ˵ϡ
⣬ֻһᡣ
첻öԼȥԼôҲ
Ϊڶ֮ǰȷϹǲǵĴͷ磬ǲɱ򸾡ʦĴˣ
Ķһ񶨣ǳϣһվҲ
ϧûˣһСˣ̵ͨķʽ
ебʹǲǹӹ޷ð
Ҳ֪ȥӹԸùӹҪôðȥҲͬнӹܻ޸ġ
ܹģֻЩ֣дһЩڰļ䡣
ͨ뷨ڶǣҲͬ뷨ڰ֣һƪƪĳǵ΢ϡ
ϣַͨʽϻۡϸġŮӣ֮䣬ݶֿ̹ĵİ顣
΢дˣӹΪʲôҪðȥܶ˿룬ѵǹӹϲ죿ȻǲԵģΪʵǡ෴ӹ԰ʵΪƫģӰĳУܹó
ɰ˵ģ̶Ħǣ˵ҿֻ뼸λһȣȥʰ㡣
󣬰ȴֱֲӳ
һ뷢Ƶͳͨӽŵһ㣬оﲻԣȴҲ
ȻһܸɵݹܼҳһҲͬͨӽµݹܼңӦһŮ硣
ȻӺݻĽ̫̫ͷ̬ӵӣö΢ЦȲʡ
һݳˣȴɻδʽνǧ򻽻δ
ֱڶϣڳˡ
죬ɴӯӯʮͣ쵰鶯һƤ
ǧ򻽣ڳˡ
ǻһ¹ӹƷУĸŮķʽģ
ǻأӹƷгĻء
ʼҲ֣ͬһֱСؤİ࣬У򽻵ġ
ǧ֮󣬲֣һҶ۴ӺȻ⣬ҫΡ
ĳʽͬɼӹ԰ʮƫġ
ôӹ˵ƫ죬ΪʲôҪðȥϣ
һ㣬ҲûеԭֻµһЩʲôԺøӵס͸ʱд㶫Ա
貨΢д밢죬һŮһеĺܡ֮İ飬ƪ࣬ȴ˵ľĶǡ
ֳ־˰졣˿ʼԵ֡ΪȰ죬ׯ
ׯڣȺӢţѦҽϳȣ԰˵µҲˣһǡ
ʱ򣬰Ѿʼİˡ˺֮ȥŹҹ˵ɱ˴֮󣬾һȥԣţ
ֻϧһеãǸ꽻ӵҹʯϣΪӰ
ĲԭڣţڣԼҲڣֻѾڡ
컳ţ룬ɽǳǳӣţҲӣ˫һһһ
Ǻڵģʹģ̫ãȫδ
ԣһٰδǻôӽ쿪ʼ
ϧûδãûлʵ֡
֮Ϊ˲һЩ顣
ԣӦ˵˲ı飬Ѿֻ֣ƺû̵Ĳˡ
貨֮⣬кܶҡߡͨԣԼһЩˣԼ΢ϣдһЩڰ֡
֮ǣźܶ˵ġ



һǧٶʮ Ȼһ
ܶ˶΢ϣдһЩڰ֣ǣźܶ˵ġ
ͬʱܶҲ֮ͨͻȻо˲ⲿƷһֱɫʡ
ɫ֮ǰʵѾ޵ĳֹˣֻǸʱ򲢲ԵŨҲûôϡ
ֱڰôͻȻǿҵĸо
ڱʹ˰֮󣬴ﶼһֹͬԸΣΡ˲ıʹ˽Ҫñݡ
һξ飬Ҳƺȷڱˡ
Ӧ˰죬ҪúõչðϣϹֶͽܣƢ밢ȣνر
ϻۡˮȴǵԡĺ
Ϊ˲УȻϴߣϤչˣŰϵ˶ӽоȳɹʵҮɺ
ҮɺΪֵܣҰҮɺ˹ңΪԺ
Ӵ֮ʱɹԺ˶ݵƽ
ֻǣʼ޷밢ţ֮Լʼն԰˼ݲŮӡ
ϲİϣʼ޶ԡ
һǶԴˣΨ̾Ϣ
֮󣬾תһߣʦǺӣ㷢֣¾֮ͨǰƾ֡
ĽݸĦǡ̡ĴˡָɮѵȺϵ
˵Ƿǳߣ̫ʼ޷ƾ֡
޷ƾ֣ĽݸĴ֮׵Ķ죬ƾֵĹУħһԾ
ָɮһģһµСУ
׸ĸ˫г󣬳ŨüۣǿϷ˫з磬촽񣬵ĵ׷ǳ
ħҪԾһӣͼ֣öħ߳
ȴ룬һӣȴǽ⿪ؼһ
󣬶им֮ͨаȥȴ־ʹ˽⿪
⿪֣Ǻӽͽһɽ֮УɽһλˣȻңɵӡ
ԭʮǰӱԼĵӶﰵ㣬ɽ£δ֮һֱװ
ʮһֱһרĵĵӣѧڡ
ֻǻԵʼѷ꣬ʮ꽫Խµֹϣҵһܹƽֵģɫ˫ȫĵӡ
ڻԵɺƽ֡
ĳǲģһӣƵ֣νˡ
ǣΪͽԼʮĹڣͬʱң˵λãŻ
ˣһ书΢СУһٳΪңɵţֻڶңɵ书ôϤ
֮ںܳһεľΪչɽͯѣԼˮˣһϵеĹ¡
ĻʹɽͯΪǿƽ⣬ǽĹĴϣĹһֲεԼᡣ
ɽֳͯΪչˣΪֵܡ
ڽݵͬʱѲδֳ壬Ҳһ˽ȥ
һЩеľ飬һǷһ⣬ǾҲͬⲿƷǡ
ⲿƷȻǣĵͷһΡ
ǣͬʱչ۸ӣۻҡ
ңһߣƷտƪʱпɽֱϵҽҿһЩõɻ
꣬ӺˮŪңʤɡ
һ죬ҵһ޴񣬱ˮģһ񣬵֮Ӿ񣬴Ӵ˲ôˮˡ
ʵϣӵ̵˲ˮˮá
ˮóȫһֻõǶѡ
ˮõһУӹȴǴûἰһʮֺ棬ȴҲ𰸣ֻܿԼͲ²⡣
⣬Ӱĵˮˮã̵ֵֻ
ӹҲͬûиȷĴ𰸣һϵе⣬עҪһƬˡ
ܶⶼûȷĴ𰸣ӺˮһŮܹȷ
ǵŮܣ޵ңɽׯˣҲ̵ĸס
һϵһ֮ǰļɻ⿪ˣΪʲô˺塢ƣ̸ɴ񼸺ȫһ
ԭǷֱˮŮŮ



һǧٶʮ ĳ
ΪλǵǳеǺһпһƷλǣĵͷһΡ
ȻǣȻҲһߣá˲ĽṹøӺ󣬸ɫɫһһǳ
УӡɽͯѡˮˣɶƷеľ
һǰ߲ƣ໥ǣʹƷӵĸӷ׳ʣ̾Ϊֹ
⣬һ߻⿪˲٣һֱеɻ󣬶ڽ⿪ɻͬʱһЩ۲ݵĻ⡣
磬̵񣬼ȻˮãôˮãǷҲס
ӰˮˮãǷҲʦɽͯѣǲǰ̵ֵ
ǲˮһȵȺܶ⣬۲ݡ
۲ݵͬʱһ·ԵǸпѡ
ɽеõˣȫĴУΪңɵˣȺɽͯѺˮΪԭֵõ˵书С
ǰһ书΢СУȴѾһ֡
ֳΪչˣȫЩ绨ĹĴɷˡ
˸̾ǣһŮϣһηεԼᡣ
ĻԵʵĽּʣ˲Ĺ»ڼ
ֻԵϵʱҲ١
Ϊԭ뿪ߣһ˻صԭŪϹ˫ۡ
Ϊׯ͵̹֮԰ϳһƬ̹֮Ǿׯׯ֮ӣϴսׯ֮ʱ̹֮ĸΪȥԲܣɱ
ĳ̶ֳ˵̹֮ɱˡ
̹֮켣Ⱥ֮Уɱ屨𣬵ȻԶԶĶ֣岢ûΪ̹̹֮֮ȥ
ߵİϣȴֽ̹֮׽˻ȥҪúõĥһ
Ȼ̹֮ȴϵòԣӴ˳һƬ
ϸ̹֮պͷģ̹֮ͣɴ˻ݣ޷ȡͷϵͷϳ֮Ϊ󡱣ڰȻĲġ
̹֮֮ΪһЩԵ书Ϊ֡ŪϹ˫۵İϣ˰ϣ԰ϻǳһƬ
̹֮֮ΪׯͣŰϡֻ֪ׯ͵书ʮǿҲϲȴ֪ׯǱݺĥ̹֮
һǣ޲Ϊ̹֮еĪı
ٺׯͺͰϱؤȫ忴Уȫı֮£ׯؤľɽУɱʮһؤ֣Ϊؤһ
ׯͳؤ֮˵ȫȫڰаš
Ϊ˳׵ƿؤЩׯ͵ؤʵȫׯ£ɮΪֵһˡ
ؤԭǿɣ֮Ҫһ£ԭ֣·ֺܷ׷֡
ʱ桰ˡһȦ֮Ҳص֡
ĦͬҲ֣׼ҫһȴΪĳ֣ûֵöٱˡ
ߵˣӢΪһЩͬԭ֣ĽݸĴ˵ȵȡ
׷̣Ҳ֣ͬ棬˾ϲʤ
ڶȺ֣ͷ·һ߳ǰ࣬еǣʮֵ˷ڴ
֪ڽʮֵľʣƷĸ߳
ֻǣ˷뼤ͬʱָеǳźΪһˡ
壡
еȫ룬Ҳܹ֣Ⱥǰһչ֣Ǹжã
ֻϧʱɹԺǶȻˡ
ͷ˭Ǹ˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱ֪𰸣
һ޿κΡ
ɣޱߣŽޱȣ⣬˴·ȺǱΡ
ؤڰׯ͵Ĵ£Ҳ֡
ϸׯߣЩҪĴ֪Ҳˡ
ׯ书ǿϴšţ򶡴ƣըֽѵϣׯ˰ϵǰ档
󣬶ׯսһʹõľǣһ书ʬ֮һץУʬ漴մȻʬԷ
Ϊ˲ؤڡʬĽϣһɼƽץϡ
ׯͳ׻ֽţֻ󶡴ﲻҪ˰ϣʲôԸ⡣
ׯͰΪʦׯҲ룬˫ϥ򵹣Ͱݡ
ؤȺǰݶΪʦȺһȻؤдҲǷ߿Ī
һǿһ㶣һҲ
ׯ磬ؤôܾݶΪʦȻǶĵӣѾؤİ˰
ָһӢţҲ˶۰ɡ
ȻڵؤѾΪ塢߹ԭǶؤиģʵǲԸ⿴ؤİ˵Ķˡ
һ룬Ҳܹ˵ׯͶ԰ĳ飬̵֮ĳ飬й֮޲
һһ̾



һǧٶʮ 绢̾
뵽ׯ͵ĳ飬һǲɵ̾ϢһׯƷУһˡ
飬ׯڱϾؤݣԼؤӹҪֳȺˡ
һһ̲̾ס룬ʱͺˡ
ȻҲֻ룬濴ȥ
ׯͿͷʦ֮󣬶ΧĸȴǳţֻаϣҪҲֻǰϲ˺
󣬶ׯΪڶ飬ɱַȡ
ׯԩ޳ҲɱȣðΪвׯͱ㲻ܲˡ
ׯսҲܹǽ£˭Ӯ˭
ȱׯᣬȫ塢˳һһ׵˵ʣȲòӦս˵ǾһؤĽʮƺʹ򹷰
⻰ׯһЩɣΪȲήʮƣҲ򹷰
ȻׯҲֻǳһ£ȻǱ䣬ﻹɱȣﻹʲô书ʲô书Ӯ˾ϴ
ǣׯʹɵаȣ书ɵ书
ֻǣһֵʱˣֳȺĲɮںȺ׷׺Ⱥ˵ȻսӦؤ书ؤĽʮƺʹ򹷰취ٲҲɵа
ؤĲְҲͬ˵Ӧýʮƣаɵ书ֱؤ֮ġ
Ψɵ˷׷״У˵ʲôؤĽʮƣɵ书Զˣׯɵ书ͺ¿ʲô񹦣µһս޲ʤ޲ˡƣƨֵ֮ġ
ʱһֻ÷ǳıؤｵʮƣȻЩֻ裬ʵɷҲ
ֻһԸǾͻȻ֣ȻýʮƺݺݵģЩ˵֪Ϊʲô죿
ֻϧԶɹ
޷ĸоһǣֻʮֵıͲˬ
ˬǳĲˬ
ǻűͲˬ飬濴ȥһȴ˲˷ܺͼǰıͲˬҲ˲ʧӰ١
һƬ֮Уɽһ׳˵˭˵书ʤؤĽʮƣ
Ĵˣֳÿһ˵ĶУ˴֮ȫס˿ڡ
ֻףʮƥɽϳ˿һɫɫձ멣ɫ£ƻ˼Ƚýݣۿ
һһʮ䲻֮࣬׳ȴǧһ㡣
ǣʮ˷绢̾٣
ǰʮﱼһ֣һг۳֮˺Ȼ壡
ԭհͻȻ飬ʮֽɳ̽Ѱá
Ѱ£ڵõر˵ؤǸͷһ
嵣İϵİΣʮ֣뿪ɹֱ
·Ѱһؤӣ˵˫ä°һ𣬴˿ͬ°ǰ¡
󾪣äİؤܵ۸׷
еɽ£ǡ˴󴵣˵ʲô书Զʤʮƣŭýʮ֮裿㺰˸ղŵһ仰
ͻȻ֣˸ոһĻټͬǧƣһ־ϲֻо˷뼤
վ壬书ǡ˲ǿģԿơ˲һ
ˣǾͿýʮƣݺݵĴЩ֪ߵغˡ
ˬʵ̫ˬˣ
δʽʼֻһ룬һǾ;ʮֵˬˡ
󣬴ʽʼ
ץŵһŮȣѩ׵Ĺǰϡ
˫Ŀ޹⣬ͫ٣ȻȻäˡ
ʹϧַŭֺһƣ򶡴ȥǽʮеһС
δ֮һƣƣӣɽ
󾪣ֱ棬зſϣ֮⣬ʮǱ
Ľʮһ֣ڵһʱȳ˰ϣŪʮǱֳȺ̾ΪֹؤｵʮƹȻ鴫
ؤĴ󲿷ְҲȻ˷ܣؤơ
һǸԵ˷ܣִĸоʵ̫ˬˡ
ǰһΣػصĿ˺ü飬δļ濴ȥ
屾£ؤоȳ֮ߣȴûϵۼˣԭͷ
վׯһս˲ٵˣԭѾԹټ絽ȻΪǸɱĸ߱ʦͽǲɽˡ
һ˷ܡֲ֮࣬Щǡ



һǧٶʮ ܻһ˿
Ĺ֤ǵĵȷġ
ͻȻȷʵȺ˼ߣȺ׷ױʾǧɽҪΪЩ度ͬ
ȺļߣȻ壬ʮҲͬ壬ժ¾ƴ
һգĽݸĴͬ粨ˣҲͬգĽݸΪ˸ҵΪУȺ壬ġ
Ϊׯ͵̹֮ĸĸΪʱ˿ĺʱ
ټǰĶҪԵĵˣһ֡
Ľݸ̹֮һ֣Ӣ۸εһХ˵ĽݹӡׯϹ֣Ǳλϣĳξ壿
һнɾ˵֣졣
ȻҲ֪Ʊ׶༪ˣոȻ֣Ҳ˾һʤ㡣
ʱȺͦҪ干ͬˡ
֮УҪ򶡴ﶯ֡
ǵһμ񣬲֪书ߵͣ򶡴ﶯ֣Եģ֮ŷ֣书֮ߣδؾ֮£ϲԽ
ͬʱս̹֮Ľݸˡ
֮󣬶Ľݸ֣տʼʱԶԶǶ֣ΪһЩԭ򣬼񽣣ʱת䡣
Ľݸ˶֮£ˣипϵ񽣹ȻǿҲδܹԸ
һ˰ģб
ĽݸȺǰܣһʱѵٽԾһɮͻȻĽݸеĳĽݼͼҵ룬ҪԾĽݸ
֮һɮʶֲʶ̵֮ĶԻȺȻɮھ塣
ԭ˶Ѿʮ꣬ʮ˽µѧ伮˸ȴһ˲
ʮУֹΣξǻɮкˣ˻˳ָ˻ɮ书
ڣ˵书Ѿಮˡ
ɮͺ˭Ȼܹ²ʮ˷֣ͬʱʲôĿģ
ЩֳȺɻһҲ棬ԽԽ˷ܡ
ԣֳľƣڱԽԽȤ͸ӣҲӵڴģڴɮݵĽҿ
һξ飬ֳľƣøӵĸӡ
Ϊ˽ɣ½ȴһ£ȴĴеҶ﷢֣Ȼʧ˶ʮĶӡ
ʮǰĶӸһ㱻ȥˡ
ȺȻһҲͬȻǵȻڼ
ҶﱯϲӣǺͻȻҶ˵׵֡
ҶﲻϣͬʱҲధ˲Ҫ˵Ǹ˵֣˲ΪʾҶĶӣ֮ҪҶĶӣΪ˱
󣬺˳ĺڽ˵ԼݣȻĸףԶɽ
ԭʮǰԶɽŹȥ֮󣬲δˤ֮һֱС
Ⱥݣ循ϲһ鲻ԽĺһҲ
ֳľһαøӣԵøӵ˷ܡڴ
ԶɽҶƣҪ˵ĸ˭Ҷﲻ˵Ҫ˵ˣʮ꣬ʮ귢ʲô飿
Ҷɲ˵ֻǿధ󣬶µȷɺȻ˵գգҵ򣬱ҵ
ͬʱʾʮǰ˼˼ٱѶϢŹصĴ
ԭȷɱĸףͬʱҲǵĴͷ硣
ȺȻеҲĿ࣬Ҳû뵽ĸףȻµķɡ
ͷҲڽһΪͷ͵ԭȺȻŹزҰֱӲߣ³򣬳Ҳû⣬˼˵ĵ
ɶˣǴͷ磬ǸٱϢˣǸ˲ӦԶɽ常ĳˡ
ţɱ򸾡ʦĴ˭
ͰһֱΪ˾ǵĴͷ磬ڴͷȷɣĥţȷӦòǸˡ
ʵҲȻˡ
ʾͷɵŹزҰ˼ƭ³ᣬҲ⣬Բ׷ɱ򸾡ʦȴҲԭ¡
ԶɽʾһεǴˣɱ򸾡ʦˣǱˣԶɽ
ԭһֱѰҵĴˣȻĸԶɽ
⡭
૱ʾȻǵɱģǺɱĵҲû̫һֱɱĸ߱ʦҲԩ
һ̾ϢһΪʲôӢ޵еͬʱܻһ˿飿



һǧٶʮ ɨɮ
һһ̾Ϣֳľƻڼøӡ
ȷԶɽ常ӱʾŹһۣȷʵ˴ǸɮȵĽݲĽʩٴѶ˵ʿҪ¶ȡѧ伮ִҲ˿ھ𣿡
ԭȷͨոջɮĽݸĻѾµ˻ɮݣǼʮģĽݸϵĽݲ
ǸɵŹزҰףԭĽݲ
ˣеʶѾ⿪еҲѾףĽݲ֮ҪٴϢҪԭȺԶɽһңΪκɹ֮ìܡ
κɹ֮䣬дģսۣެġȹƱҲС
ʱ±ȻңĽݼ˸Ĵҵһ˿ɹĿܡ
Ľݲı֮ȺȻеǣҲһĽݲΪ翵ĸҵ伫
ĽݲͻȻбȥԶɽ常Ӽ״׷ȥ
ĽݲĳˣȻĽݲȥ
ĽݸˣҲæ׷ȥ
һȲҪ֪Զɽ常ӣĽݲĽݸ֮䣬ᷢʲôĹ£
һ飬ȴ겻ѡ
ַȷ˽ɣȺȴڽ˴֮ҶǰԱо
ҶҲӽȷԡ
񾪻ʧ룬æҵҪȷҶﻹܹȻ
񾪻ӣһǲ뱯
СΪԼĸ˫ȴͻȻϲ֪ˣԼĸĸ˫׶ڣⱾǼΪ˵顣
Ȼһʱʱĸ˫ȺԾԼǰԼȴΪ
ȷɼÿնܼȻȴǲ֪ǡ˼ˣʮĶӡ
Ҷ˶Ӷʮ꣬ҵˣȴûüƬ̵Ļ䣬Ѿ
˵ı飬겻ѣ˲߳ʱȴȻ飬Ӧһ仰Կࡣ
ʰԼ飬濴ȥ
Ľݲһ֮󣬱׷ϣ֮ͣԶɽĽݸҲȺϵĦҲȻ֡
ھǣԶɽ常ӣĽݲĽݸӣĦǡ
Զɽ常书ҪĽݲĽݸ֮ϣĽݲĽݸߣ书ߵĦǣͷתˡ
Զɽ常ȴҲȻ塣
ĽݲʾԶɽ常һ׮ֻҪ˴Ӧʱȡĸױ
һ׮ǣ巢ɹ¹ΣĽݼ齨һֻҸ˶ɾϣȻެġҲϷ˴ơ
ԶɽĽݲ˵ϣҲЩ⶯ѯ
Ϊ˫֣ĽݲһӮҪö࣬ǲ޷𣬻пɥڴˡ
ĽݲܹɱԼһҲ֮ǡ
ȻȴȻľܾˣ˵ɱĸɵף˳ܱ㱨粻ܱǸӶ˱ڴ˱ˡ
˵֮òװձʮֻ꣬жˡɢԴɾұּڱΪһٻ󡢱ѩ޶ɱȡءҵձս֮࣬⵽Ϳ̿
һһֻӿǶصĴӢۣ
ԶɽͷҲͻȻһϵգգʿլʺ²Ϊĳ
˴󾪣ǶһĶ֣ȴȻ֪ʲôʱһˣ
⿴ȥһ۵Ŀɮˣһɨ㣬ڹɨء
ɮͲСϡϡļȻȫףжٻû
ɨɮ˭һɻ󣬿ģӦֻУһͨɨɮѣΪʲôܹڴ⣬ڵ󶥼ֺ
ɻǼȥһȴüΪ˷ܺͼ
ɨɮ˵Ҳ֪˶ꣿԶɽĵһȡʱѾʮˡ
˵ĽݲҲȡ顭
ԶɽĽݲˣʮ꣬ѧ伮˸飬ԭҶΪһ˲
ڲ֪һ˲λɨɮ˱㽫ʮȡḶ́ȫ
ɨɮ˵滹ڼ
˵ĦǿںʮڵϦ֮䣬ĦвΪɨɮװģΣ
ʹָɨɮ
Ȼָɨɮǰ֮һ֮ȴּӲ֮ϣͼ죬ָɢ١
֮Ľݸ֣ȫʹʮƹĽݸĽݸáתơ֮⡣
Ȼɨɮ˫һϣһһθǽĽݸ֮䡣ɽײǽϣʱӰ٣Ρ
Ȼɨɮ֣һб㽫ĽݲԶɽ˴üĽݸĹǣӲһƣȫһĽʮƣһѪһ䡰ÿĹ򡱡
һץĽݲһץԶɽ̤ȥṦ֮ߣƽδ
ɨɮһЩе棬еĿ࣬Ȼʮֵ˷ܣɨɮ书һ䡰ɲ⡱ƺѾ޷ݡ
ʵ̫ǿˣ



һǧʮ 鲻
ͻȻɨɮˣһϵı֣еĿɿڴ
ɨɮ˵书ԵģѾǿһáɲ⡱ݵĵز
塢ԶɽĦǵ˵书ѾһˣȻɨɮ˵ǰֻһжˡ
ɨɮ˵书ǿһʲôĳ̶ȣû֪
ȫһĽʮ֮һѪ֤ˣҲˡ
ǶҪΪѾˡ
ɨɮѪ֮һץԶɽһץĽݲûһ̤նУٶȿ쵽ƽδ֤ɨɮ˼ûг񣬹Ҳˡ
ȻɨɮǿĲֻ书иķ𷨣Ϥһе۹⡣
һ۱ܿԶɽĽݲˣÿնֲܵʹĥҲһܹĦ书˵ĦǵĴڵϦ֮䡣
ЩǼȾ̾ɨɮѾǿ˼䡣
ɨɮץסԶɽĽݲһ֮󣬽˷£ʾҪΪ˻Ѫ
塢ĦǡĽݸһڸɮȺϵ
ǿɨɮһб˵ģԶɽĽݲˣɨɮֶ֮£Ȼ˹
֮һЦɨɮǰɨɮΪͽ
ĽݲͼԶɽѪޣһ֮Ѿ鳾Σ
˴󳹴
ʱ򣬿Ʒĸ߳Ѿĸ߳ȴŸո
Ȼ߳棬Ҳ̺һЩ飬ܵ˵ʮ˷ܺͼġ
ϣ˷ܵ۷׷ס
´սӿʼûһʣüֱղܡ
˭˵书ܹʤؤĽʮƣĳʵ̫ˣֱѪڣ
һ仰ʱͬǧɽƣ˼ֱ˷ܡУµһӢۣĪ
ѪڵĻֺֹһ䣿ĽݹӡׯϹ֣Ǳλϣĳξ壿һ仰εȵİͺ
һڵһʱýʮƣӶϾȳ˰ϣŪʮǱЩ֪ߵúˣڼʶʲôǽʮƣоʵ̫ˬˡ
ǰ֮ǰЩ˵书ԶԶʮʱҾ룬ʱͻȻ֣ýʮƺݺݵĴЩ˵жˬȴ룬ͻȻˣҲýʮƴˡˬʵ̫ˬˡҲȻˬ
Ⱥֵ֣״ξһǿУںȾƣȻ壬
˵һ·ĻԵʵĽȫЩ绨ĴֱҸˡ
ϧСӵֻιãЩ绨Ĵ÷񽣣ʲôİ̥ãתתȥڷ̣ȴһҲģ˷Ѱʵ̫ϧˣ
ȥȥ˼רһ˶ԴҪרһȻŮҲһֻǲ֪ʲôʱܹټιãӦûټİɣ
ֻĻԵӮңκĽϧⲿƷУƺ˶Ѳ˱飬ҲһǾϲӵ֪ԼĸĸڣҾǰȴõһʱʱĸ˫˫ԼǰԾˣƬ̵Ļ䣬ûüܣꡣ
ȷҲ飬ʮǰĽݲƭͷŹزҰʹԼںڡ𡢲УȹʮꡣԼĶӸһ㱻ȥ˼ʮ꣬ȴ֣ԭӾߡʮÿ춼ܿԼĶӣȴûܵƬ̵ĸ֪֮֡ȷ֪ԼĶӵʱһ飿ӦǾϲˡź齻һɡ
˵ʵڵģʮǰŹزҰĲܹȷɣĽݲףΪԼ翵ĸҵϧ´ңͿ̿
ǰĽݲ֣ҲĴˡһˣȴܹõɨɮĵ㻯ţǲ֪кεºܣܹĽ֣ҾõˣĽݲˡ
׷ѰĴˣȻԼף벻ӹΪʲôҪıأѵΪصĴӢۣҪĴû
ǰϣӹܹŹ壬ҪıټˣִԼģҲԼŮӣѾˡ
ɽûܹټԼĸףһֲɣԶɽһֱܺˣȴɱˣ޴ĸԼҵʦʵ̫Ӧˡ
ԶɽΪʮŹزҰԼ޹ʱɱģ޹ܺˣΪ˺˵Ĵˣֻ򸾡ʦͳΪ޹ܺˡ
ǰ򸾡ʦ޹ġֻ˵Կɡ



һǧʮһ С˵һ۷
ϣǸ̾һԿ֮
ԶɽܺˣΪ˺˵ĴˣȷʵѭֻǿЩ޹֮ˡԶɽܵɨɮ㻯Ҳһ컯ˡ
ǰһ컯ϣȫܿǣܹõԼ컯ɡ
ΪһУӿĻܾĽݲһ˹ġΪΪ֮ߡ͹һĴĴӢۣ
͹ήʮƣǲ֪λӢۣ˭һЩ
ţһӢۣ˭ĸоǳ̩ɽǰ治ɫ˵Ըνǳ󣬵˭һЩ治˵
͹˭֪ûйĸҵİ찡
˵֮ǰƪ΢ͻصĳʽʵЩͬɼӹǺϲ죬ֻΪʲôҪΪ찲Ľ֣Ȼġ
ˣҲ͹һѳˣҲð
Ǻɷһѳ˵ùٺΰҲûźȴֻб顣ԣͰ죬ҪԶȹͻر顣
Ըı鲻ټ˰ɡ
Ҫ˵ôˣ²ΪһɨɮҲء
ɨɮĸֶμֱоǳһĴڣ²е̩ɽ
ɨɮξ飬Ѿһһ飬ֱǰٿᣬʵ̫ˬˡ
ҲѾ˺ܶˣɨɮһͼҲãѪҲգȫ˳ֻܸоЩĽݲˣΪһ֮˽ϧ´ңĽ֡
ô˵أĽݲʵҲֻΪʵָҵЩֶΡɹˣʮ֮꣬ʷϵĸӢۡĴļСˣԣΪܹĽ֣Ҳ컯ɡ
˵ɨɮ˳񣬲ӦñѪŶ԰
ҵΪǹӹдģΪǱɨɮˣҲǻ˵ġӹΪɨɮɡ
ɨɮ񣬹ҲˣѪ֮ȴûһһ̨ʣǾǲһһ
ȷǲһֻĽּʡ


´սڣ۷׷ףеߣڶңԼĺܶˣҲͬ۲ֹ
ʱѧί칫ҡ
貨Ҳͬ̾´սȷ̫ھʣ߳ϣǿǳˬ
һսǵĿǰΪֹƷʵĵطǷӹС˵Ҳͬʱľͷ֮һ
һսעΪС˵һԾ䣬Լδܳһʱ֮ڣһֱ˽ֵӰԶ
һۣͷ硢˵ݽԶɽĽݲʮǰŹѪǰҲ֮һλɨɮ˵ĳ֣ĽݲͼҵԶɽѪȫΣʮìܣʱȫʧͬʱԭֵĸìܣһ֮Ҳûˡ⣬̹֮֮ìܣҲѾˡ⻹УҲƷõӦеĳͷ˵һ֮綼Ҫ徻ˡ
̾ǰоϵĸìܶԹһУòˡһ룬һ۽ҿ˶˸ֽìܶԹʲŹء
ȷˣҪôìܺͶԹвʵĵ裬ڸ˵˲ǹӹС˵һµ۷塣
貨ͷȷѾܹ϶ˣ˵ĸ߶Ⱥ͵λܹԽӢ۴ҲǲĴˡС˵ӵйӹһˡ
ͬⲢ˵֮ǰԡ˲ĵģǳ׵׵Ķˡ
˲͡Ӣ۴Ʒ˵˲ľʣҪӢ۴Ӣ۴С˵ʷϣеĵλǡ˲Ҳ޷
貨˾Ϊ˲ǹӹС˵һµ۷壬λ͸߶롶Ӣ۴
֮ǰҶΪӹġӢ۴ѾС˵д۷壬ǹӹԼҲٴôƷ
ڣӹûδġ˲ߴңӢ۴ȷС˵۷壬ٴµ۷塣
貨ип뷨΢ϣԣǿ֮Ҳͬпѡ



һǧʮ ԽֵĲ²
ԡǿˣ貨·΢֮ип
ǵȦһҲͬ鲻ϡ
һۣνǸìܵļϣдʵ̫ˡټһλɨɮĳʵ˿ղܡдھͺˡ
ȻдڣǿԾģ
Ҫģڿɲףӹ֮д˲¸߶ȣ治ӹ
˲ˣӦѾӽβˣ֪塢Ľݸ̹֮˵Ľֻʲôӵģ
ӦûɹԺȻɡ֮ĺƽӦû̳дλǲ֪֮ܲܳ£ӦûҵιãȻһ翷壬ңɵӡĽݸĸ룬ǿ϶ǲʵˣƻѻĻصɡ̹֮ƻһֱ׷氢ϰɣ˵̹֮ĳ˰
֮Ӧûнûн顢ľҲѡҲιãΨҪ¶һˡһӢۡ
϶Ҫ¶һˣٰŮӣǲ֪ϻ᲻һֱߣҹƺпܻᣬ㰢ΨһƵĵطǾǶˣӦûһֱ߰ɡ
ϻߣ̹֮϶Ҳһֱ׷氢ϣϵôоЩأ
ſְɣʱ֪ˡʵ˵һ᲻á˲ᣬʵǹ񫰡
Ҳ᲻ðѾ֣Ҳβļˡ
꣡


ʥ塣
΢һЩȣϪˮȴǼΪˬ֯
ϪˮģҰɫĺڻз裬ڶС׷
һĻ档
֣ࡢҡˣϪˮɢǺϲϲ˹ͬɵ档
ȻȺеʱԼҲǻеһʡ
һɢһ죬˵ǡǡ˲
һ֮֮ǰۻĸìܣˣλصĽԹҲûˡֻǣܸо˺滹ƽƽֱӽ
֣ĻǺпܾͲǽìˣǹ֮ìˣΪɹԺɹʵƺ¹֮⣬ΪԺ϶Ҫģʱ壬ɾΪˡ
ҵɹʵ¹ε˼ʵѾΪˣӦûἫȰ裬ɹʵ۹εĴġ
صԸɹʵܹȰҪľҪΡĵҪΣʱ϶ֻдȥԺһְɽҰ֮䡣վǲֹɹΣս°ս֮࣬Ϊı飬һ˿⡣
Ը˵ʵɣⲿƷѾ࡯ˣͲҪټ࡯ˡ

ĳɽ֮УμǡӾ飬ȡ㡣
Ϣʱ䣬ܡΡλġ
ܵҸոһӹġ˲ƺصһ߳ϵǣԵʮֵ˷ܺͼڶǣҲ׷׷Ե
εҸոҲˣǹڡ˲´չͷ硢˵Ҳˣһʮصɨɮ˵ȵȣ˵ЩȷǸ߳еĸ߳
貨˵˲ǹӹһµĸ߷壬ɼȷӦص˼Ϊĵط
ܵˣֵǶǹӹЦҵǩԼݣǿʶӹ
οЦҴûмӹֻңǹҾˣûмӹǵǩԼ˵ȣֱӲٰġ
Ҳӹƺܹҵ飬鶼ڸ𡣡
ܵͷƺȷˣӹҲ˲ɣһǺ񡣡
εӹ֮䣬ȷоһЩֻ֮ǹӹء

ԶҲͬˣϹڡ˲һ۵ۺۡ
˵˷ܺͼ֮ߣȫԤ֮С
ǰʮ˷绢̾١һ£ѡȫͨ߼ѧı޶ܹʦӭ
һС˵½ڣܹѡı޶ɼӰ֮
һ±һ۵ĻͿʼһܹʣ
кܶ˶Խֲֵ²⣬ǶֵĲ²⣬ֻһ̾Ϣˡ



һǧʮ һжԩ
̾Ϣһ˼죬˲ؼ
һ֮еķ粨õʱͣϢʱ򣬴ĹϢĻʵŰӢġ
öȥĲμ취ӭȢĹǿʵӭȢĹҪһġ
塢顢ϡ̹֮ˣҲ֮һǰģ·аŮװͬǰĵľ塣
⣬ĽݸΪ˽ĵӭȢĹһ£Ҳڱصá
塢һˣľڵ֮һ±ϣ˶졢кˡ
һξȻ£ھ̡
ԭͬĽݸ֮󣬵֪ĽݸҪȥ˾֮
ҿ·˿ȣ̲û
Ϊԭ򣬶̡ĦȺһݾС
ڿݾĴڵ̵ڴĽݸϣתƵ˶ϣڱ˹顣
Ħ߻ħѽǰɨɮ˶ĦǵҸ棬ȻΪʵ
ۿĦǾҪΪ߻ħڱ£ڤ񹦿ʼתĦе
Ħ˶书ȫʧΪһͨˣ
һ֮ĦǴ󳹴ڳһĸɮ
塢ĽݸԼһΪĹſһȴĹʡ
Ĺһ⣬ֱǣһ֮Уʲôطǿңƽ֮ˣʲô֣òΣ
ÿ˵ⶼһĽݸȺص⡣
Ҳͬش⣬Ĵǣǿңĵطһڰı֮Сƽ֮˽ʲôֲ֪ҲûǸ˵ò
ĻشһſôЦĹȴ־ϲѡ
ԭĹιãɽͯǽĹĴϡ
Ĺ֮ҪĻʵŰ⣬ΪҪѰɡ
ȴ룬ˡ
һǶԴ棬ĸȻǳιþȻĹַͨʽιط꣬һԵˡ
塢˴ɽĻʹһ·̣һЩ飬ȻҲĶǣһǣȴøġ
Ϊһ·ϣֵԼˣһ߸·һ棬ߵ˱ͣϢס꣬ڳ⣬Ⱦƣû˶թҲû˽ԹӺòңʹ졣
ǵĿĵ֮Ҫȥ飬ҲʮֵɣĹѡȺȾƣ֡
һ·̣ƷСɵʱ⣬Ҳǿĵʱ⡣
ʱ⣬עǶݵģĹ֮󣬶ӵ翷չϢ˵ͷƺȦףҪԶ
ͷȻǶˣʮֵģ̡ľ塢顢쵤ˣҴ塢˸ȥ
׷϶;Уһˣ̵ĸƵȦף׽һš
ƵȦףΪϹȴû뵽Ѷһ׽ˡ
ԭҲǶ֮һȦϹΪöһȥɽׯס
ȻҲǶˣһǲȫ룬̸òҲǶŮɣ
ʵǣ̵ȷǶŮ顢ľһǶӡ
ôãڱ˹飬ȴ֣Ȼá
Ը˶áһ仰һ٣ٶķڶϣһǳ֮⣬ҲΨ̾Ϣˡ
׽˶һ֮ĽݸϵĽݸ˵ĸˣѾץס׼˵ܿǰȻöơ
⶯ֻǻδʼжԼѾˣҲƵĶļһˡ
˹һң˽廨岻ܶĶǰϺƣϴֹһҪȶ
ɵ񽣣¶֮ԼǶ֣鼱֮£ھζϺɱ֡
ϺΪ˾ԼʦԼϴϡ
һǺһ꣬飬Ŀֱ࣬̾һжԩ
ɵҲΪö󣬺ýλλɱ
ǧһ֮ʣĸ׵׷Ψжܹķʽ˶һ˵ʵ
ײǶ졣
굶׷Ϊ˱黨ǲݣһŭ֮һؤ˹ϵӶ˶ǸؤǶ졣
֪˵ʵϲ񣬶һǣֻĿɿڴˡ
һжԩ



һǧʮ ħ
еȫĿɿڴ׾ȻǶǶ죬һתʵ̫ȫ
кü˿֮ÿһˣΪ˺ӣҶŮ
顢ľ塢졢ϡ̶ŮЩŮûпǳ󣬸ûǳȻ͸ûнйˡ
Ůǳ֪֮Ůġ
ķˣΪһӣҲΨһһӣӾ֮߳֡
ȻڲпʵȴǣΨһĶӣҲΨһ߳ĺӣȴӣǶôпķ̣
ѵǶ鲻רһô˵ĳͷ
Ȼ˶࣬Ҳܻģÿһ˵ĸȴģΪˣܹһУҲûκһˣʼնǣҶǡ
飬ȴ棬ƺҲӦܵ˲пĳͷ
ʵѾһжֻ˵һԵɣ棬վҲҪܵͷġ
һ顢ľ塢ӣͶǶˣȢκһԡ
ҲΨһǣ̾ĵط
Ǽ濴ȥֶԶĳͷȻûн
Ľݸʹһֽ硱Ķҩ˶ʹȫޣ޷
ĽݸݶΪ常ڶ˴ʵ֮󣬽λΪ˴Ļʵ֮󣬾ͿֱӽΪࡱҲǸˡ
˶ӶȻӦĽݸˡ硱ֻ֮ʱȴӦȵ˶֮˵
ĽݸӦдϲֻҪ취öǻͿˡ
öǻΨһ취Ƕ˻ʵ̴֮λڶ졣
Ϊ˱ȶӦǻ̴֮λڶ죬Ľݸָ˶ˣö˵ҪЮ
ˣغޡʱȺĽݸŶɱ
΢һɣԼľ裬ҲܣҲͬɱˡ
תۼ䣬ĽݸѾɱ˶ĸˣ׷ȥ
ĸΣ֮£ָ磬񽣼ĽݸҾȥ
ҵ硱Ľҩ׷ָ
غޡʱĸŮӵʬ壬ͻȻٽɱѳ顣
ɱ֮󣬵׷ҲɱˣȶѾˡ
ɱöλ뷨Ѿ޷ʵ֣Ѿ޷ûرӦĴλ
Ȼ˴ʵˣĶȴǽĴʵۣ뵽˴ãЦУƮȻԶȥ
֮ıʹĶصʽλڶԼȥ³ҡ
ʽΪ˴Ļʵۣǵ飬ȴ޵ꡣ
ΪΪҲΪļˡ
ɱѳʱ򣬲֪ӣԼĶѾˣһλĴѾǣңߵĸԸҲܰꡣ
֪࣬ǰûбʹûģҲû⵽
֮ʣͻȻ֪ӣȻ⵽ʮֳʹĴ
ֱʱ֮ʣҲȻ֪࣬ҲȻΪӣƺҲͬ˾źͿ
ҲǸ֮ˡ
ô֪ȥǺûǻ
ҲǺãҲǻûܹ˵ǶҪĴ۰ɡ
Ƕʬģ˴뱲֮Ľƺӣ˴Ļʵۡ
Ļλ͸̫ӵģΪһҶʧҶΪѾˣڲ֮£˻ʵۡ
ڣѱӦĻλӣĳ̶ֳ˵ҲҪˣӦĻλ
ΪҶȫзϣ˲ˣʬĹ˴ȴ˲֡
켣ǡ෴һνԵɣйеʧʧҲеá
еǣŶͶ˵켣ͻȻ֮˼
ڶ˵ԼףͻȻ֮ɶΪĴ֮׵Ķ죬̫ͻĵҲԽܡ
ʵˣҲҪܣǶĴĸ׵׷ĴֻǶĴ
ҲûдҲˣ˭˵أ
Ůӣ顢ľ塢̣ȢΪޣܹһֲִɡ
¼֮󣬶̶ʵ̫⡣
Ϊ֪ǶʱȻҲЩģ컯Ūˣ֮̾վûԵ֡
̼ȲҲ֮ǰľ֪Ƕ֮ȣŷǳĲ
ڵǻ֮󣬽Լġħ֪Լ֮ǰ֮˵ĳ̣кܴһԭΪ̵ˣ￴ɽ㡣
̣ʵΪ顣



һǧʮ ǿҵĲ
ħ̲ǰԡ
һи̾Ů֮УľԶİǿ̹ģİŶΪ˶Լ
ȢľΪޣȷѡ񡣡һȫ
ǸտʼʱΪôãòܹ˹ˣȴֲȢδ̫źͿϧˡ
ϸһ룬֮ộֻΪ̵ˣɽ㡣
˵ǳ̣˵ǳɽ㡣
ڣȻѾħ̵ٰɽ㣬ҲͲǰˡ
̶Զʵûô⣬ȷϲ˶ҲԸ޸ϲԶԶûľ̹ġ
ڵ֪޷޸֮ҲûֻǾ÷ǳźͿϧ
̵ŵǸˣıĽݸɡ
̴СһֱĽݸĳҪ׵Ľݸתȫĵİ϶Ͳܡ
ͨЩҲͲźͿϧˡ
ԼǶľˣǸԸȢ˭Ϊޣ
˼һ֮󣬸Ĵ𰸶ľ塣
ľȻûƯҲһѵõŮ
ȻŮȻȢ̹ĵİԼǸˣûһ
ħ̶ԶİҲ̹ģһЩͯãȴӵʵҲӵá
ľ˶ôãܹ޸ˣҲֲ˺ܶźɡ
顢ľ塢̡졢ǣһϵеһипãĹ¿ȥ
һǵһֲ̫õԤС
صɹԺ
һգɹʵҮɺڵϾһȥԣΪûҮɺɺ֮˼˾ȥʮˣϵҮɺǰ
Үɺ˴ϲ乭ʮһһá
弫ǲ̣ܹҮɺʮ˵ھǰɻҮɺӣ˵Ǵ治岻
ֻһС飬һȴо˲ɹʹ֮ìܲɵͣѡ
󣬰ͻȻ֣˫Ѿ
ԭչҽﰢϻһ˫飬ԸԼ黻ϵǸˣʽ̹֮
һȻ̹֮ϣȻѾĳ̶ȣƷˡ
ϵ۾֮ѾϹ̹֮壬в
Ӧó϶̹֮飬Ӧøп϶ĳ飿
߶аɣһ̾Ϣǿ˲̾Ϣƺʱڡ
ȥĵ飬ڻǷˡ
ҮɺⰢΪƽϹΪΪƽϴԪ˧ͳΪоֱԺλʵ۵Ļʹ֮С
ҮɺʽҪ¹ˣһͳֱ
󾪣ȰҮɺҮɺǧķϣεĴ㡣
ȻҮɺѾ˵ʲôҲҪ岻Ȱ
֪Ѿ޷أԲԸҮɺǹٵ뷨
ǵ֮УȻ޷ֹҮɺǾʹǹٰɣȥһҰס
ҲǵԸɹΪѣǻ治һҰףңڡ
ֻǣҪǹٲôס
Үɺ弫Ȱ˵Ҫǹ٣зŭɱ⣬书ǿн֮飬еɱ⣬ֻȥúõ
ǹٲɣҮɺ֮ҲѾìܣһеĲ֮Уһ˳
ŰϻԺҮɺȥ
һѰ˼ȥɱǧǧˣǾԲԸģһζĿּǶɹʵ۵ĲңԽ֮Ĳ壬¹սɱǲʣΥ֮־ҲǲТ
ԺҲȥˡ
ȻҮɺͬǹ٣ӡ⣬Ƕ
Ѿ򶨺⣬ȵϻ֮󣬾ͺͰһ뿪ȥ翷ϣȥطһ
ɹʵҮɺܱ̽˵Ѿӡ⣬֪ҪǶˡ
ҮɺǳŭͲ
ŭ˵Ĳ֪ôôĸ߹ٺ»Ȼ
ǣΣͶΡ֪ɹľܣ书ּߣһ˴Σɹĸ󻼡
ҮɺҪֹ˽뿪һ¹һƣ˵ܹ޷뿪
ļƲ߱ðϣ֪ϳ壬ƭ˵һƿʥˮˣӴ֮԰أԼַɹʵ۶صġ
£ƻĵķűͱȽţټһҪ޸壬¹ʥˮԺ
һп֪ʥˮǴҩǻʱʧȥֿ֮ҩ
ⶫǧܺȣȻܾ߲ˡ
һϧǣǵûá
ϽʥˮУߣ岢δɣֱӽƺˡ
ˣ
һǵӿһǿҵĲ



һǧʮ ٽ
евȫܹ˳뿪
濴ȥ
˰ϸľƺ󣬴Ű뿪Ժ
¶֮ʱûʲôķӦܹŰ뿪΢һЩ
¹ϵʥˮĪʧЧˣٺòˡ
ûʧЧҲͻĶҩֻҪҩԷ֮ǰܹ˳뿪ͺá
һǵȼϣ
ŰϵԺ⣬ԺѾɱΧסˡ
׵ľͳΧ˳ŴԾ˳ͷ
ⲢޱأֻҪԾ³ͷǱ㺣ԾɣҲ޾ˡ
ﻶϲҪŰϷԾ¡
һҲĳһҲͬϲܹ˳뿪ˣֻҪ˳⣬ƾľ书Үɺɳǧ׷ϣҲץסˡ
Ȼǲпģеǲܹʵ֣Ҳһ
ҪԾͻȻ֮䣬Сиеһʹ̱֫ȫ
ԭ¹ϵʥˮһܹڶʱڣú޵ֿĶҩ
ҪԾ³ͷĹؼʱ̣ˡ
ʱҲ֪¹ĹƣΪʱ
գͰϱ׷϶ɱץסȥȴҮɺ䡣
·Ͼһʱ϶ߡ
ɱץԺҮɺֻ˽һ֮С
һλذӢۺܣΪ˽еǣеʮֵķ߿͸ˡ
ӦùְҲӦùְɡ
ֻǱĵͳ飬֪ƣʵһ붾֮ĺڡͱʹֻǰδеǿңֻº޲л
ǲΪȻԣȴһƬŮӡ
ֻ¹Үɺˣðϵĵͳ飬ƭ˰ϡ
ӿ͹ϽҮɺʵĲɵϳ뷽跨뿪ʵҲǿġ
ȻеǶ֪һͶΣɹģҮɺ֪
֪Ҳȥ
Ͼ֪ɹľܣ书ּߣһͶΣɹĸ󻼡
ڲͶΣԺأ˭ܹ˵
ԣվҮɺĽǶȿ뷽跨ʹıҲҪ壬ʵҲûд
ϾɹĻʵۣɹ
ôڱ֮УΪ˽˭Ĵ
ڷ߿͸ֲ֮࣬⣬ȥûд𰸡
˭ĴֻΪˣȴڴγȲԸⱳɹҲԸ˺Ρ
ìԶܵͣǽһʱ򣬾ڽ˲ãΪ˽ľ档
һв˭Ĵ˵Ĵϲ׽Ūˣ׽Ū֮£
еиˣڿʿǳҲû֮ǣһЩο
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ڼΪе߿˺͵ǣֲᡶ˲Ĺ¾
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˲֣յ˵׻Σǣߵġ
屻֮УѾࡣ
µʱҮɺǲ׼ԽֹԽҪҪķڷ
֪һҮɺȡ˴Σôһȥǰҫһ
Үɺ˳˰̶أȻûټһҪɱı
˵ҮɺȡʤָܹɣҮɺ˰ֻ̣һˡ
һ˵ǣΰܣָɣʤ
⡭
һ鲻ԽĺһѲۡҪѡ
ǲҪѡˡ
ָɮ飬ľ塢ؤˡչϲԭȺȵȣööˡ
ԭհϰ·֮󣬱ȥ˴ΣؤⳤϣԸɹʵ飬ⳤ˵ˡ
ⳤȥϾ֪֮˵٣㽫ڽϴ
ԭȺĴʴ壬ָɮĴ£ǰϾ塣
ϲһػɣҲǵѡˡ
ԭȺ֮հǴҲȡ
գһɱԭȺհǴɹͻΧϾ
հǴȥԭȺһŹظȥ
屻˾ߣҮɺԭȺհǴŮ£һ̣ȻģȻúûӣһرǰ׷ϡ
ֻйŹأԭȺİȫˡ
ʵҲȷˣҮɺʴ׷ԭȺ
˫׷ӣʱСģս
֮ԭȺڵŹعؿڴҮɺɹʮҲѾ׷϶
ֻҪԭȺ˹ؿڣŹѹûʲôΣˡ
ֻǣŹسǹ˼ϸּɾתۼŽգԸ򿪡
ԭȺùأسǹٽ棬һ֮ɾ滺ѹ
һͬʱֶԹӹ²۲ѣΪʲôҪѾŪôأ



һǧʮ Ź
Ź⣬һαýţежһ
һЩҺǣüͷ΢΢һ壬ͻȻ֮һֲ̫õԤС
濴ȥ
ԭȺ԰꣬ԼһɹȥʾлҪɹʵ˵
Үɺʾи٣
󣬶˴Ⱥгչ֣۽ҮɺߣҮɺ°ߡ
һһҼҮɺٷԭȺߣҮɺΪʣᡣ
ֻڷص;У֣ҮɺȻ˫ȫ𶯣лҪҮɺ˵
忴Үɺк£Үɺģ˵˺ֻҮɺʹ͡
ֱʾҮɺѾͶ˵ķ²˵ĹأҮɺӦԲꡣ
ҮɺʾҪʲôܿڡ
ʾ񡢶˿ڣҪҮɺһŵӦ˱ҮɺһɾһһԽɱ߽벽
ϲ̱ʾǾҪҮɺһŵ
Үɺɫ壬أ
ʾҮɺʣôͺҮɺͬھǵ֮ʱйԸͬͬͬԡ
ҮɺȨã֪Բ飬ڴӦγ߾ٹ´ô̱飬֮գһ֮Уһһ䣬ַα߽硣
ҮɺŵһĴǻ׶ԭȺŹسǹٱɹʿȫǻһƬ
ɼɹĽʿǣʵҲ¹ΣҲԸ̡
ȻǷǳģҲãҲգ˵ȨߺսӣжԸ̣
ʿǻ׶еҲ˷ܡ
Үɺһԣֻһɾ˱ˣҪǣڽʮ֮ڣɾ¹Σɹһһ䣬ɡεı߽ߡ
˵ڽʮ֮ڣɡ֮䶼ûս£߽ҲһƬ
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ξٹ£ӦøжһεΪҲһжһεΪԺڴΣ÷ǳġ
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еǳһ
ֻǣǺһص㣬Ǿǲô˵嶼ĵȷȷˣΪ˴Σǿȴɻʵһԡ
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˵һ仰֮ͻȻеضϼڹ˴ұۻش۵һԼĿڡ
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ʹ˻ŹأĸɥµŹأҲǰҹŹء
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徹ȻˣһλصĴӢۣôܹأ
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֮ǰ˲ԤеģЩҺǣǳһ̾Ϣ
ĽֹȻɡ֮䣬ڻߵһ
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ͻȻȺÿʬ˵˵ڿԱ壬Ҳƿˡ
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һж˵Ĳңֻ



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ϱʬ壬׹Źصȣ̹֮Ҳ׹ȥ
еˡ
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ּɽ㣬ŵá
׿Լħ
ҲصĽݸߣȢľ塢飬ԼĹŮΪޡ
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Ľݸ
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߰СڷǰڳơꡱеҪǳԡ
Ľݸڰƽ޼˸࣬Ǵ󱦣˽з͡
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밢̶Ůߵߣͬʱһ硱׷¡
Ƭֵ̣𣬸ת
һ˿ȥĽݸأ૲ݡ
ȥǡȫꡱ֡

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һܿ顣
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Ӵ֮һΪδ֣ܿδܵҸ
ٵ⣬شǻǵĻش˵ֵʱڽڹȥ
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ǣͼҵעֻһգԶҲ޷Ǵ󱦡
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ĽݸǴ󱦣ҲԿ֣˵ʱ
ԣĽݸˡ
ĽݸǴ󱦣ڸܵʲô֡
һķ̣һΣ
еǣһ̾ϢĽݸҲһ֮ˡ
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ǰʱ򣬽ӹ˲У̺Ͷһ𣬲ûлصĽݸߣҲֻȢһˡ
ںµްУӹ̵Ľָˣ̻صĽݸߣȢľ塢顢Ů
ްУһЩͯãӵʵʵá
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տʼʱҲͬЩӦѾϤ̺Ͷϲһʱ֮ʶˣްĽʵá
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꽥øֵ࣬ǻΪۣǿ϶𽥿ħġ
ħˣҲͲٶ顣
̶ԶҲжԴСͳıĽݸ˵һɶˣضȻĽݸ
ľʼնԶһƬ飬Զİ̹ܿģӦü޸
ȻˣȻްĽָá



һǧʮ 
˲ˣеĶǣȴٳ޷ӡ˲߳
ҲΪԾҲΪĽݸķ裬ҲΪϡ̹֮ѳ飬ҲΪΪ죬ΪϺΪͬΪÿһˡ
عͷȥһ롶˲еĹ£ԽԽǸоⲿƷ磬ﷱ࣬˶ࡣԽԽǾⲿƷûô򵥡
ҡߡͨԣ౨־ı༭ȵȣȫѽ㼯ˡ˲ϡ
С˵΢д˹ӹġ˲ҺⲿƷۣҷ֣޷ۡΪⲿƷҿѾֻһС˵ôˡҪϸϸĶһ֮ۡ˵ľֻʮ֣˲ԩ࣬ڷ𡣡
ʱѧ칫΢дͬ˵˲ѾֻһС˵ˣӦ˵һͳѧƷһΰ׳дԡɫŨʷʫС˵ⲿƷҪϸоһ
ʱѧ칫貨ͬд˲Կ࣬޳˭ӲˡлӹΪǴһԽС˵С˵
ѧд˹ӹġ˲þƽⲿƷ࣬ɫɫĴСȻǴСиĿࡣ˵һ޳޳ɡ޺жС̰ա޳֮ࡣ˲Уû޳ɰ޺˶ࡣ
С˵ҶдȻѾȷˣȴ˵һΣС˵߷࣬һǹӹһС˵ߡ˲С˵µĸ߷壬ĳɾ˾
㽭С˵д˲ǧٸˣ߾Ǹ󺣵һҶϣž˵ĸܶ˲С˵һ޺ӣ

ڶ΢ϣˡ˲ǳߵۡ
貨ˣۡ˲ѾԽС˵ķ룬Ӧñ֮ΪһͳѧƷ
ʸۡ˲ˣǵ۾оԵȨԡ
ҲΪˣǵڸ˹㷺Ĺע顣
˷ܡ֮Ľ֮֮Ϊ̫ߣ֮
˷ּߣȻǡȻ˲±ǵ꣬貨˵ۣȴ˷ּ
һƷ֮ΪͳѧƷ֮ǰ˭󣿲ǹӹ̫ˣ
˲ȷоѾԽС˵ķ룬С˵ġӡд̫ԣ̫ĶֵϸƷ
ֵϿ˲ѾԽġӢ۴ˡȷѾֻС˵ôˡ
ڸʮֵۣ˲ԩ࣬ڷ𡣡ʮ־ͿԿ˲ѾֻһС˵ˡ
˲ԩ˵ʵ̫ˣǷԩ࣬Ҳ顣˲˵Ŀ࣬˵
Ϊ˲棬̫Ķֵϸо
ֵֻоֵúܶо˵ҪϸĶ֮ۡ˲ɼⲿƷĲ
ôǶ˵Ҫȥϸо˲Ҿ͸оǳˬ
ǰоǳˬ̫ˬˣ


˷ּ˵˷ַ֮࣬ǳĽ
ڡ˲Ľּʰ治ţӹܰһС˵д̶ֳȡ
ԽС˵ķ룬治һĸߡ֮ǰġӢ۴Ҳûõۡ˲Եۡ
˲ȻǵƷС˵˵ͬΪС˵ߣҲɡ֪жĽء
˵ûԵɡͳѧƷС˵֮⣬˭С˵ܹ֮Ϊͳѧ
С˵Ѿӹд۷壬ֻЩܹԽ֮³ɳǣֻͬҲûܹԽС˵˵ֻ²һ°
Ժ飬ǾͲҪȥôˡʱʱķչС˵ҲС˵ķչ
˵ҲǣǺúõо˲ɣȡܹѧһЩ
ǶҪϸоǿ϶Ҫϸоа




һǧʮ һ
Ժ⣬С˵ǣҲͬ۹貨ˣԡ˲һ¡
˵˲һͳѧƷҲ̫С˵ʲôʱʸ񱻳֮ΪͳѧƷˣ
̫ˡ˲дúãǳϡдٺãҲС˵ôܱ֮ΪͳѧƷ
˼ǴУ˼ҵ۱ȨԣǷҲûá
ҷİɣ϶ģôͶԵġһֱȥҲ֡
Ȼ飬Ǿ˵˲ȷʵб֮ΪͳѧƷʸѾܹ˵ˡ
˵Ҳǣӹһ򵥵ߣ
Ҳȥܡ˲ûб֮ΪͳѧƷʸ񣿹ӹȷǳĲ򵥣ǵ˵Ʒ֮ǰС˵ĵλνǳͣС˵Ҳһȡأ̶ʱ䣬С˵Ҫˡ˵ӹС˵ôѾˡ
ӹġӢ۴Ѿˣʱѧò˼顣
˵ǿˡ˲ûУҿˣʵ˵˼⡶˲ĲһͨС˵кܸߵѧֵ
Ҳˣðɣҳϣѧֵȷ͡˲ԩ˵úð
в͵ѧֵǲҲӦȥһ£
ȥһɣȻǲд˾кô

С˵ǣܶ˶ԡ˲֮ΪͳѧƷһ£ԵЩҲǳ
ˣֲòϣ˲ȷһ򵥵С˵ѧֵܸߡ
һЩԭ㿴˲ˣʱҲˣȥһ˲ľ
ҲԿǡ

־硣
пӹһµߣ֮ǰƾ衶Ӣ۴֪С˵Ҳܹʱѧƾ衶հ˲֪С˵Ҳʸ񱻳֮ΪͳѧƷǿ°
һҲһ̾пЦһΪԼܹԽӹǸʱԲ
ȻڡӢ۴֮󣬽һ֪ԼĿЦԲˣֻһ˸пˡ
Ƭ̣һ˵࣬ڡ˲˲˵д𣿡
治˵ˣȫ͸ӹϴεרÿ˲ӦòһС˵ʵ˵һС˵ķǳڴǰδеڴҷǳ֪ڡ˲֮дƷ
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ͷҲָоӦҪһʱˡ
һһʱźãҴúõоһ˲֮ǰʵ˵ƳƷʱ̫죬Ҷúõо
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һͷף࣬һᾡ෢һЩġͽƣӹƣԼعȣҲȥһ
һЦ˵ûңҪһЩҹ뷨߲٣·Խ磬ӰҲԽ󡣡
һõģ֪࣬ˡ

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ڸֽ˲£ǳǻӭ
ֻҪĽλҪϺһܹУСķ졣
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ȵ´ηʱ˵ͻעˡ
ǶЩ˵˿ķʽǷѾ˼ȥһƷȥЧá
ǶС˵ҲŲСЧ
˵һ񷢱һƪ£ˡ
ͺпܻ룬С֮ǰ̫ڿˣҲ̫ϲûô顣ڿԹӹġ˲оô˵÷ǳеȻôĵоӹ顣ô´ηʱҲȥˡ
ͳɹķһˡ
ԣо˲ϷصĽ£Ǻܶǣ⼸ʱΨһ顣



һǧʮһ ԤԼ
ļʱ䣬ϳ˷ǳ˲¡
ҵģҲߵģߵռ
гһЩϺ֮⣬¶оݣĺܵλ
лٹ۵ӱ۾¡
罣һ񷢱һƪ£˲ɫԤԼңϺ
ʱеЩͷԣʲôʱԤԼˣԤʲô
ȿ֮еǲŻȻ򣬡ҲһλɫԤԼҡ
һ´ġ
Ԥһ
ʱ˵һλѧţѧ书ȻܹʤҪնΪͽɡ
ȻΪ˶ͽܣ书Ϊˣ֮һ
ԤԶ
ٹȣʲôˣ
Գӡ
֮󣬡ϺͷŮһᣬ˵㵱ȻǡԳơʦôȴ֣ôӣʦﶨȻģġǼӣӣһҲˣᵶϺ㿳
һ䣬ʦﶨȻģġǼӣӡķζըˡ
ǳʱΪ⣬ʱȴ˵ˡ
黹治ŮǶŮȷǼӣӡ
Ԥ
ܵʹȥҪնΪͽʺͶһ֣˫Է书
ֿʼԤԡ
Ϻƶ˵ϵ书ǿСȴһ㲻ᣬҾͲүĶӺˡ
˵ǶĶӣνʯ쾪ҲһȵĲΪ⣬˴ñô
ⲿƷĽβȴ㵵ķ֣˵òûд治ǶĶӣǶĶӡ
ϵԤԣʵĳΪɫԤԼҡ
˽һƪ£еǻȻʵˡ
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ֻһǣȴǵУŨīزʵӡ
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ڣͨһ£֪ˣһλɫԤԼҡ
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ɼӹ˶ӦҲǷǳϲġ
е۷׷ף˵ϲ˵Ԥԡ
һƪ»ˣһЩ֮ǰԽһǣʱ򿴵һԹӹƷģԽһĿҲĹࡣ
֮ǰ֮ԶԽһΪһ֮ǰڿһЩԹӹĹ۵㣬ǷǳĲˬ
ڿһԹӹƷģĲˬҲûôǿˡ
´νһʱӦûȥһˡ
һ񿴵Եú˷ܣЩԣĿĹˡ
Դ̬ת֮һֱŬ취һǸıĿȴʼûЧ
Ҳ˭ôԹӹأ
һһֱǳźҲܹЩԣȷ̫ˡ
ڣ˲·ȥ֮Чˣǳ˷ܡ
ӣӹӹƷȥѰҽⷨȷġ



һǧʮ ָĻ
˽һԤԼҵ֮⣬ڡ˲Ľ»кܶࡣ
˽趨˲еҲ
ֱǣаΪȻҺ书ɽͯ洫书маԡ
ĽݲĽݲΪԼ翵ĸ룬ϧ´ңð⵽Ϳ̿Ե֡
ϵ۶ûʲô˵ģΪϵһƴʦүүֶǴʵۣ֮Ϊϵۡʵǡ
ؤ壬Ҳûʲô˵ģؤήʮƺʹ򹷰廹Ǻ߹ǰǰǰؤĪ
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һе̾㻹˵ͦǡģϵۺͱؤԭνǳϡ
ôһ˲͡Ӣ۴֮ԨԴǳ
֮⣬̹֮Ҳ١
ֽ̹̹֮֮ĵ·ȴһҲƽ̹
Ҿţӹǹ˼ȡ̹֮Ȼһϣ˼ĥȥ
̹֮ͷβһ׵׵ı磬Ҳˡ
ϵϷˣڹ֮䣬ŪûݣΪһ˵ĳ˹֣ȴȻĲġ
ΪԼ飬׷Ű£ʹ˱
ӿɱǣ̹֮ΪϸУȴʼնûһ˿һĸжһͬ顢֮ҲûС
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֮⣬йڶ໰⡣
ǡ
ֳ顱
ΪʲôĶŮ
Ϊʲôûжӣ

ҲйĽݸ졢ĦǡϡӡˮˮáɽͯѡԶɽĽݲɨɮ̵ȵ˵Ļ⡣
Ľݸ֮һ
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ĽݸΪʲôܹǶʲô֮ͬ
ɨɮ书жǿ
ɨɮݴ룡
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ؤıң嵽ʱûĿ
˲ܣ
ƷˮãҲǶеɽ㡣δֶûУֻǱἰһΣȴӰŶӡˮɽͯѵһ֡
ͬĽݸ֣֮ԹĽݸɱ֣ԹͬԼ˵˲˵Ļӿڳ
Ĵ֮һкףΪʲô־̣

ȵ໰⣬漰ˡ˲дССĴеǿʮֹ񫡣
Ȼڶ塢λǵĻģĻеࡣ
壬ȻаͰϡ
һƪָ˵֡족͡ϡѾ˵˽ȻͬԸ
족͡ϡֱɫмأ֮Ҳ
Ｏ⡷˵죬ɫϣɫ֮ߡаɫ
ɼ족͡ϡֱţаǡ
԰а񣬵վ׽ãӦûйͬŶԣǶ塣
˵õˣǵϿɣΪӹı⣬Ӧþӵġ
⣬ΪʲôѡԾԭķеĻ֮һ
ͬķߣӲͬĽǶȲɱԭ
ЩǱķ֣Ѿݲˡ
ɹҲãҲգûܹ壬Ծ֮⣬ƺѾû˱ѡ
ǸеΨһܹοģڿɣ밢һȥţԼˡ
ţһ磬ǿ϶ܹġ
֮ʣȻԼ֮ʱ

Ļ⣬漰˲
ҡдǿдˣǿˣȫꡢпѡ
˲ⲿΰ׳дԡɫŨ˲ԩԿʷʫС˵ע˽δܳһʱ֮ڣӰѧ硣



һǧʮ Ħ˹ˣ
ڡ˲ĽۣʱһֱڳңԶʱı˽ϣۼŷǳˡ
˽ȺۼǷǳģԴӸĦ˹ֵϾһյ壬ʮֵ֡
ԺƽʱͬҪö֮⣬ҵƺرļ
˵ܴ
ޣ϶ģҾԲŸĦ˹
Ħ˹Ȼǻɱ˸Ħ˹
ʵ벻ף˸Ħ˹ΪʲôҪɱ
Ħ˹ǲģҾԲĦ˹Բ
Ҽֱͽ˸Ħ˹ڷǳҪй
ޣǣҲûҪôĦ˹ֻǺĪǵһ𣬵ͺٲһˣҲֻǿһЦ
ϣֻһЦҿȴһЦΣĦ˹һ
ȻĦ˹Ȼ

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ԸҵĸĦ˹ǣʱ鶼һģˡŭ⡢ȵȡ
ΪʲôֻΪĦ˹̽еһһ
ⰸУһʼͱˣһʮֳʹ飬¼ġ
еĸĦ˹ǣͷûһ׻飬Ϊʲôʮֳʹ
һǡЭһΪĦ˹Ľ룬ֹһصĹʾףһжǳĦ˹ǲףΪʲôͱóʹˣ
ʼǸĦ˹ȥһָĦ˹ƽʱӵĲ԰׺ݡ
Ħ˹߻ںܺ£뻪һȥŷ޴½һܵС
е֣Ħ˹ڷǳ㲣ҲܽţеЩ˼顣
Ħ˹˻ɻ˵ԭ
ԭ˶һĪǵٵĽڣ鼰˶գķﵽ˵Ƿ켫ĵز
˶еķһ붼֯ģδƵķ֯ġ
û֣û֪Ĵڡ
һţѧҡµ˼ҡѧְڣǻԺ͸Ħ˹
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һĿУΣʱܻᷢ
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·ϣǵһͺٲĵط
ٲǳ׳ۣͬʱַǳնѩɼкԨˮ߽
ʱһСкΪһţǸõдġ
˵һŮõͻҪһλҽ֪ҽϣܹϻȥǸŮ
޷֮һ֮󣬻ǿõ˻ȥĦ˹ûиһȥ˵Ȼ
ҴҸϻõ꣬ҵѯǸŮڵȴɻ󣬲׻˼
ԭõûͻĸŮǷҲǵдġ
ʶϵˣļٵĸϻͺٲʱȴѾ˸Ħ˹Ӱ
ֻиĦ˹ĵɽȣȻǷʱĦ˹ǿʯϡ
һֲԤС
ĴûлӦֻҵ˸Ħ˹ţ˵ԡ
ԭǸСкŵʱ򣬸Ħ˹Ѿ֪һƭ֣ǷŲǵдģӦĪǵдġ
Īǵڻҵˡ
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ֳĺۼƲ뿪֮ĪǵȻ͸Ħ˹˼ҵĲ
գͬʱ׹ٲԨûҵĿԡ
ܳ̽ﷸԶмĭڵ޵ԨС



һǧʮ ޷
һУĦ˹ĪǵͬʱˣͺٲԨ֮С
ȻûȷıʾĦ˹һˣⶼţĦ˹ȷʵѾ˵ѶϢ
ѶϢеĸĦ˹޷ܣǾԲĿеӢ۾ȥ
һ츣Ħ˹ٲưˣҲȥ
˽ϡ
֪ǲɺϣ221bŹԢǶά˹ҲǴĿиĦ˹һ֮ǰҲûй
Ƕά˹ڵԽԽãʱҲԽԽ࣬221bŹԢĴϣšδ顱ӡ
Ħ˹Ҫ참Ƕά˹븣Ħ˹ӵϡ
ֻһεƺ˲ͬ
Ƕά˹Ѿһδ飬ڽ췢еġһУĦ˹ǡ뻪ȥһܵС
е;УͺٲĦ˹Īǵչ˫˫׹ȥ
Ƕά˹һδ飬˵ĸоǣһ֮ǰȥ뻪ΪһܵУͺٲ顣
֪Ƕά˹ǰ֪ˡһľ飬һ֮ǰ񲻹飬ֻһɺϣ
ǹ⻹ɺϣʱ˿ڱ˽221bŹԢ棬ۼŷǳĸĦ˹ԡ
ǰ塢šŸĦ˹֣Ƕά˹ʵһֱڹԢ
ֻ߿ŽֵľͷǶά˹ܹ̳֡
ƺֻҪǶά˹ڹԢֻ̳֣Ħ˹Ͳһ㡣

˹棬ҲͬۼŷǳĸĦ˹ԣߣһøĦ˹ȥ
ڸ˰Դ׼˴İԱڳſڣЩĸĦ˹ǣ޷硣
ʮֵƣ硣֪ġһ֮һ¡
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ᣬȻܹܾСһͨߣҲԸ˺ϵķ磬һҧڷСһ
еĽͳӣ类ĸĦ˹Ƕˡ
ڰԤ֮УҲ˳׼
ԣڳЩƣ֮⣬һеҲӦ硣
ҲףΪʲôҪдһʹش˵Ȥ£ðЦá
Ȥ£ŪôһһңԶĻȻܵĦ˹ǵӰ죬ǿ˹磬ɾˡ
Ƕά˹ɲɵģƫƫʱһܲ飬Ӫһ֣Ħ˹Ѿ˵ıգΡ
ðƵǣǶά˹ֻǶά˹Ͽȥһ¸Ħ˹Ǽ
ȴ˭֪Ƕά˹ĵ绰޷ͨƺֻѾŸĦ˹һ𣬵ٲԨһ㡣
˶֮ڽͨǶά˹ĵ绰
ޣװǶά˹лϵۣĵ绰ڴͨˡ
ҺܱǸҪ֪ڵĵطֻźŲãĲܹҡУ֪绰Ϊʲô顣
Ƕά˹ҲǳǸܾȥ𣿷ɺϣЩ˼顣
ȷЩ˼飬ҽ쿴һʱ򣬶ЩšҪţĦ˹Ӧòȥġ
Ƕά˹ŲûʲôãЩĦ˹ǲšҲǵĻԳ汣֤˵Ħ˹ʵûҲȷ᲻汣֤ܹģǰһǼǶά˹㻹ûлشҸոյ⣬ܾϻȥ𣿡
ҺܱǸδ֮ڣҿܶ޷ϻȥʵΪոʵһЩⲢûʲôá
ðɣҲǶԵġϣܹǳΧ뿪
ǻ뿪ģõģװİ
Ը˵

Ƕά˹ͨȻ磬ԸЩĦ˹ǣܹһȥ
ֲͨĵ绰׼ߡһ

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ŸոհġߡǹŵЦ⡣
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ȴû뵽ĸĦ˹ǣ޷ܸĦ˹ַͨʽϵʩѹйߡ
ϵڸеѹͬʱҲǳĸжжҶϲ
ԣϵѡøĦ˹ûڡݡһУּѣĦ˹
һУûҵĦ˹ʬ壬ҲøĦ˹ĸԵòûжͻأ



һǧʮ ĻӦ
ǰĸĦ˹ǣϵŭʩѹģ
ĸĦ˹ǵĲ⡢ɻ󡢼ͷŭȴеĸܵˡ
Ħ˹ԽǲͷŭԽܹǶⲿƷϲ
˵Ħ˹Ѿֻһˣһסڱ˽221bŹԢʵе̽
ǰãý巢ˣӰ10λѡĦ˹λеڰˡ
Ħ˹ΨһһλϰﲻҪԣʾǡ
ɼĦ˹Ѿֻһλôˡ
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˵ϲĦ˹Ȼ޷ܸĦ˹ˡ
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˽ϣýߣĸĦ˹ǽ˲ɷá
Ħ˹Ƿ׷ױʾǾԲܸĦ˹ϣܹĦ˹
˵ڼƻǰʥ壬øĦ˹Ǿͻʥһֱ飬ֱøĦ˹Ϊֹ
˽˵ȻڡһУҲûҵĦ˹ʬ塣
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ԣҵҪֻһǾҪøĦ˹
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ȻˣǾȥʥ֣֣ǿ϶ͻӰˡ
Ħ˹Ŀԣеġ
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ڽշеĸĦ˹̽¹£һУĦ˹ĪǵһͺٲԨĽĸĦ˹޷ܣǾۼڱ˽ϣϣܹøĦ˹
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Ħ˹һεģӰ10ѡаλеڰˣҲϰУΨһһλĦ˹Ѿ˼Ӱ
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ΪʲôҪøĦ˹ȥһֵֵ̽⡣
һУҲûҵĦ˹ʬ壬ΪĦ˹ĸṩ˿ܡ


Ħ˹ǵĸַӦýǵĸֱܹڵһʱ֪
Դˣǳο˵ϲĦ˹ҲⲿƷˡ
иĦ˹ǣϣĦ˹ܹԸȻܹʵֵġ
ǰϵڡݡһУøĦ˹ȻҲͬˡ
Щ˵ҪʥֵĸĦ˹ǣɣЩһﲢֻ˵˵ѡ
ԴˣǺܸ˵ģ뻶ӭЩһ׼Щһˡ
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֮ƳһΪ˿ĸĦ˹ǣķӦ
ڣĦ˹ǵķӦѾˣǾûҪˡ
ǣͨ˹Ĺٷ˻ӦôҲҪϲĸĦ˹ûò˶೤ʱ䣬Ħ˹ͻһγڴҵǰ
ȻĻӦУˡ֣˶ףȻӦˣǾͱĦ˹һḴˡ
ĻӦڵһʱ䣬ʹʮңĸĦ˹ǻȸԾ
һֻͬһεļ֮ǰļȫһ
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ĻӦϵʱ򣬴ĸĦ˹ǣƲס˷ܺͼ
ǻÿ˵϶˷ı飬Ȼ໥ͣĻƺӵ໥ףء
ЦףʼղͣԶԶĴ˳ȥøֵǷ׷Ťͷ
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ĻӦʱ򣬾ۼĸĦ˹ǵķӦ뱴˽ϵĸĦ˹ûʲô
Ҳͬ˷ܺͼҲͬ໥ơӵףء
һ֮󣬴ҽԼ˷ܵ飬ò֮󣬲Ⱥ뿪
ȻѾȷ˸Ħ˹ḴȻҲûˣΧıҪ
ȺɢİԱǣҲڳһ
һȷǳģЩĸĦ˹ǣʲô̫ǵΪǰȫˡ
ҲͬһһεΣоյĶȹȥˡ



һǧʮ 
ԻӦеĸĦ˹ǳ׵ķټͷŭֻʮڴ΢ЩŵģȴŸĦ˹ٴꡣ
ǲûеȴ̫ʱ䣬Ħ˹̽¹£ݡǷС
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ѾһȴڴͽţʮڴĦ˹ķʽ³ǵǰ
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ȳֵȻǵѻһʼ˵֮Զ°ǳȤΪ븣Ħ˹ĹϵС
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еĸĦ˹ǣע⵽һôʣʧ١
һĿʼĦ˹ѾɡΪˡʧ١еĸĦ˹ǣȫеʮֵ˷ܡ
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ʮֵ˷뼤ҪʸĦ˹ǿµԨģ
ҲеĸĦ˹һ˷ܺͼĦ˹Ҫʵ⣬ҲҪʵ⡣
ʸĦ˹δǿµԨģ
Ħ˹ǰݡһһ̣˻ľ
ԭĦ˹δԨʱȷʵĪǵٲߣչֻĪǵٵȥûеȥ
Ħ˹֪ĪǵȻˣҪصˣȴֻĪǵһˡ
ٻĪǵٵͬҪأͬǷǳΣյķӡ
ԣλԱڰжĪǵٵͬﳹ׵һ򾡡
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ǵʱ࣬һеĸĦ˹ǣҲͬһ
ֻҪĦ˹ţǾˡ
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ڣ˹ٶĪɱ˰¶ҵˣ˹ٶĪͽĻᡣ
ԣĦ˹ˣѾһļƻ
һһģһΪնһ壬ͻһ𣬵ȴϹ
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ԭ˹ٶĪҲͬϲƣҺͰ¶ʶǰ¶Ĵ
¶ɱ죬˹ٶĪƳǧʾҪ淢˹ٶĪ
˹ٶĪ˽Ұ¶̸˲û̸ã˹ٶĪһ֧αװɹȵǹڻ԰·ɱ˰¶
ʱ¶ǮֳһһݣڼԼӦ˶ǮԸӴл
ˣݡһƣĦ˹Ҳ˳ҽס˱˽221bŹԢ
һֻصиĦ˹Ϥģ



һǧʮ μǡӰӳ
Ħ˹˳ڸĦ˹ķ粨ȫɢһֻصˣиĦ˹Ϥӡ
˳ɽ֮С
վһŴˣǰĳһط
ŴԶһСľݣ֮ǰ޾סСľݡ
һطΪͷϹӶ
֮ǰյǸϣС䷢ͷϹӵ츳Ǳﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮ塣
ȻпܳɳΪ޵Ҫٷ֮ʮ壬ŷǳĲ࣬ٷ֮ʮ츳ǱѾΪˡ
һһĸͷϹӵ츳Ǳǰٷ֮ʮ壬ӵĺ
Ȼٷ֮ʮ츳ǱȻΪȴûжȤ
֮һεΪͷϹӵĺ
ϹǶӶһ˵ͷϹӲһ𣬳һҪֳһ
ʵϣʱͷĸϹȷʵѾ
С˵ͷ츳Ǳﵽٷ֮ʮϹӣֳһ츳Ǳ˵жߣһ͡
Ȼˣǿ϶ҪһƵģСһ츳Ǳܹﵽٷ֮ʮϣǴϲ
ﲻҲûйϵ
ʱ㣬СһӦѾˣԣˡ
С䣬ӦСһʲôط𣿡ѯС䡣
ʱûУˣԲʮ֮ڶûСһܵ˾ţѾԭסĵطС
ͷȷֿܣȻˣǾֻѰˣԸһﲻ̫ܵԶ
Ծ£ѡһǰȥ
һ·ϣݴﶼǸOO@@ȿֺĴӴܡ
űʮ֮С𣬡ˣҵˡ
һϲæͣ½Ųʵĸλã
СǰžŹﴦֻǷǳϧˡ
ϧʲôСһ츳Ǳ𣿡
СǵģˣСһ츳Ǳֻаٷ֮ʮšȻѾΪˣվ̫󡣡
ֻаٷ֮ʮ𣿡΢΢ЩʧҲֻЩʧˡ
츳Ǳﵽٷ֮ʮϵĶ󣬼Ϊϡ١
Ե֣ûϲ򲻿ǿ
΢Щʧ֮󣬺ܿȻˡ
ȻˣȥǸСһˣǸСһɽ֮Уɡ
ԥɽȥ
Ѿ뿪μǡ鼸ˣҲʱûȥˡ
ھ˵һСϣ벢Զ
㵽ڣѾ֮һȲ
Ӱӹ˾ġμǡӰѾ½ɣڽܹĵĽк
ӳʱѾԽԽڴˣҲԽԽ
ڴУпμǡԭС˵ԣҲиûпԭС˵ˡ
ûпԭС˵ΪǲϲС˵Ϊǲϲμǡ
ʵϣȻûпԭС˵ҲͬϲμǡΪͨ;ٶ˽ˡμǡ
֪μǡǣɮʦͽˣݷ󾭵Ĺ¡
Ҳ˵·ϻһЩħ֣
ʹͬϲμǡԡμǡӾ͵ӰڴЩԭС˵ǣһġ
ҲڴȵӰӳʱ϶ȥġ
֪Ӱӹ˾ġμǡӰʲôӵģ

˵һС
ĿǰμǡפСϡ
һͳС
ϲСϲСĽֵϲͬСϣͬķ顣
ȴʮֵĽֵһùǰμǡùݡ
ʱѽѾùݣԱ޲ʮ־ϲĴк
뿪˼ʱ䣬ֻˡ
˵ˣæЦˡ
ҲͬЦˣ⼸ʱˡ
ֵܰˣһҲࡣ
ЦЦֵƷӰӵġһ֮ʽӳʱһȥ
ܵõģѾǳȲˡ

ƷӰӵġѾȷ˾ӳʱ䣬һ֮
ǡμǡƪĹ£μǡеӰУȲĵӰһַǳǿڴС
ϣѾȲ
һӰҪӳˣôãǵȵˡ
ңһӳĵӰǡþǡμǡĿƪ£ѵһɺϣ
һڣһڣܹӫĻϿˣ̫ڴˣ




һǧʮ 
һμǡӰӳڴһˣڡμǡĸ߳
һθ߳עܳһʱ䡣
ǹעýҲʼԤȣ׷׽˱
ֻǹý壬ܶýҲͬ˱
Ӱʷ۵ġμǡϵеӰڻʽӳһӳĵӰǣƷӰġ
μǡϵеӰڻӳ˽⣬ҹһֵ֮ӰӳȨ
20ಿֲͬͬͬĵӰμǡϵеӰڻʽӳǵӳעȫĿ⡣

ýǵĴҵǣҲ֪Ϣ
ڻһεĵӰۣҵǣҲһֱڸעѾͨý˽ˡμǡҪ˵ʲô£
ǶڡμǡĹ£ҲͬŷǳŨȤҲʮֿܹμǡϵеӰ
ֻΪȨԭҪӰҲҪȵһ֮ȥˡ
Դˣʮźǳڴ

Ƕڴѵڴ飬Բö˵
ʱǵڴȥ
һ֮
10㣬ȫӰԺͬӳ
еӰԺһͬľǾǽƬŵȻ޷ڵ
ӳƱǼ˶ֻĽּʵķݣֻѡĵˡ
ŵ㣬ȫӰԺ10㵵ӳƱĹǣѾȲĵ˵ӰԺһ죬һߵȴŵӰĿʼ
ܡˣҲ˳һҵӰԺ¥¡
ӰԺڶ¥¥һ㳡ַװꡢƷܶ࣬СҲǳ࣬һǳֵĹ㳡
㳡⣬μǡϵеӰ洦ɼٲȻΪ㳡ɡ
㳡ϵ˺ܶ࣬кܶˣǳԵΪӳġ
ΪȺۡǲͣĴ˵ĶС
ǡμǡĿƪ£ճʼȥеñȻǡμǡʵĹ£Ҳǳֵڴ
Ȼ֮⣬иʦʦѧաȡЩڶ߿㣬ȻǷǳֵڴġ
ôʱ䣬ڵȵˡңǻ10ƱǽȫһμǡĹڣ֪жĽء

ΧϴЦǡμǡӰֱױȡ
ΡæֱͷԵúЩ˷ܡ
ڡμǡĵӰ˵ܻӭôġμǡӾ磬ɽӵܻӭ
ЦЦҲͬΪĸˡ
ʱһЩ˷ܵļ˹˺ΧȺȫ̧ͷżķȥ
ֻǰ治Զ㳡ϣ֪ʲôʱʼΧһȺˣİ˵ӣ֮⣬Ů
ܶ˵϶Ķӫʡӫȵȣϵıʮֵ˷ܺͼȫŲӡŽż⳯һط
ʮԱվţȺмֿһһ׶ͨ
һſ֡īѼñȫװӣһɫγ
ԲǸȫװӣһǣĿĵ㳡ĳһط
Щ˷ܵĲϺʹŮȻǸǵķ˿ˣǵ֪żʱӭӡ
Ƿǳ˷ܣϺǵ֡
ţӦǳƣ֪Ǻġ󼪡һǣ
ֻǣǵ鲢ûеõ󼪡ٵĻӦ󼪡ޱ飬бҲֻԼš
ĸֵıڣӵš󼪡˿ǿĻᡣ
˿ǵȴǲûܵӰ죬Ȼ˷ܵĴš
󼪡ߵͨм䣬ͣԵķ˿ǻ˻֡
һ֣÷˿Եøӵ˷ܣҲӴˡ
ӦһȺ˷˿ˡ
󼪣ӦþˣȷЩ˷˿ϲ֮Ϊ󼪡Ҳ治С˵
ͷôϤ
ҲȷǴˣ浹ҲΪ⡣
ҿװᡢˣ˧ѣܹΪǣʵ˵е⡣˵
˼ҳ˧ܹЩϲˣȻͽˣҲûа취˵
˵ĿƺôϿɡ
ЦЦû˵ʲô



һǧʮ ŭ
ЦЦû˵ʲôΧҲǳԵıǱߵ̸ˡ
Щģ
ҲȻˣߣȥһ
˭󼪡нд󼪵𣿡
أӦòСȥ˵

ҲһЩģ
ޣǴ󼪣ȻǴ󼪣ĴǣȻ
ۣǴ󼪣˧ÿᰡ
ôǲţʵ̫ˡ

Щˣ϶ӣδǴ󼪵ۣǵĻǷǳϲġ
ȻҲһЩġ
УһǶѣǸ㲻ЩΪʲô񣿡
ǣʲô󼪡ʲô֣һҲҲЩСŮϲ
Ҫǻôʵ±ϳʵΪԼǴǣ˶ϵãʵδжϵó
㲻ôʵôһ֪ˡڴϣܶ˶ʶҲû˵ˡ
ʲôأμǡģߣȥˡ
߰ɣˣκҶûȤ
ȥȥЩǺȣͲѲЩܹȵˣǰһ߾ҲС
ȻʲôϵˣΪ״ʦۣΪУˡʵ̫ˡ
ҲΪˡΪС˵Ӧ㡶μǡӾɣʵڴھȿЩμǡӰԤһȰɡ

׳֮ΪˡϴεĽŹʫϣӺһסѡ֮
νЩϻ̳Ͽ֣ǰʷΰʫ֮һףͱ֪³ΪˡΪˣܹЩ̾ΪֹĹʫƪ
磬׳ΪˡʵЩϻ̳Ͽ֡
ð˳νʫǰʫ׵ġѡĳ˵⡰ˡƵףֻ״ܶѡ
һ㲻ûνˡ
ΧˡνȻӦһᣬЩ񹤵ʫƪ
ǣܹٶˡʫƪ
룬ܡΡ˵Ȼһ뷨
ǷǳĸпվӰѾЩܹȵˣκǶС
Щһ֪ľ߲Զ֪ǻķӦ˾
ЩһԶͻȻֵĴǣûʲôȤΧȥˣȴǲ֪֪󼪡˭ȫΧ˹ȥ
ƣ󼪡϶һλСǣȻôõĽӴǵĻᡣ
Χ˹ȥȻ͸ˡ
ȻѾϤԽΧԽ࣬ȴûܵʲôӰ죬ĸڣԼʮλԱĻ£ǰߡ
ǰеķǡþڵķ
ĸڣ־ңǰ濪һЩҪǰ濿ˣЩ³ƿˡ
üͷ΢΢壬ûʲôϵ
һȺ˹һ߿˿˵ȹȥ
ܡΡͬʱͺһ΢΢һЦϿ˿
ΧЩûйȥӵˣҲͬһߣ·˳
һӤ裬ҲȺ˵һߣܵΧֵԭӤＸ´Ӥ
״ӤӤﱧ˳Ϊ΢Щ¶ȵԭû˷סӤ˳ȥ
ȥķһȺ˹ķ򣬶Ѿúܽˡ
״æܹȥҪӤһֱֻӤһֻץӤҪߡ
ıͻȻǰ汧ӤƳǸŮϽõһȥĪҪ·ˡ
ֵıڣһɷģһ㺦£Щ񣬱ܹ˵һȥͻȻ֮Щ֪ôˣ
һ֮󣬽ֲֹӤ·ŻӤȻæ˫ץסӤһȥܹһЩ
ıѾߵĸǰǾߵ̫ˣһڴӤһơ
ܴӤűϵȺȥ辪һǰ׷ȥ
ӤӤֵøӤȥǰһСŮ
ûȥԤӤӤԵĻײǸСŮ
ΧȺһСŮԱߵļˣæǰץסӤӤͣ
ҲѾ׷ӤǰֵӤ˳Ȱ
Χж˶ǳĿǸӤƳȥıڡ
ӵǿ׳壬ָŭԣΪ



һǧʮ һͷӢ
Χ˿ֵ壬ŭԣֻ۾޺޵ĿǸڡ
ǸԸܵΧ˵Ŀ⣬һߣ̧ۻɨһȦ
Χ˽ӴڵĿ⣬æĿһߣٿ
ڼˣֵĺһ¶һ˿ڽɫ
ӵмȴƺûпոշһʼնûʲôӦ
Щӵķ˿ǣЩüͷ΢΢һ壬ô˷ܺͼЩȻ֮ǰһڸոշ鲻Ϊ⡣
ķ˿ǣֵøӵ˷ܣֳһ˿֮ɫƺǵżı˵İԵҲ÷ǳӡ
ǰУǰڼոյǸӤȴȻֵȰЧ
ȻӤոܵ˲Сľš
üͷ΢΢һ壬߳ȺڸոƿӤǸڵǰͣ
С䣬ӤôԺС
ˣӤȻܵ˲Сľţûʲô⣬ҲܵӰ졣С
˵ͷ
ʱǸҲõסȥ·ǳĴСӸϽÿûпǹ𣿱𵲵
ûзӦƺûڵĻΧеˣҲȫע⵽
˺ѵСӣÿ
Ҳ¶ǵɫ¶ֻɫ
˼ﶼһͬʣǾǡСӸɶΪʲôÿûпɷı𣿡
ǸڵϣҲͬһ˿ɻոյһȣȻûǸСÿɾ˹ˡ
ͬʱҲЩûӣܵơ
ߵǰһδȵСӸϽÿû𣿡
ڴȵͬʱһţݺݵһͨվһɵ˺Բ͡
üͷ壬վŲǱڵĽϣԻһְһ
û΢΢һ˱߹һš
һ߿գᡰסһһͨ˾Ȼܹһţǹˡ
ڻûü룬˵Ϊʲô˵ҵǵĵˣǵҵĵˣ
⻰˶һ㶣ϸһ룬⻰ȷûдڹ㳡ȷû˭˭ĵ˵Ӧ˵˫˶Է
һǱʶ˵һĬϣǾһ˵һٵһס˶һĵ
һĬϣҲûоʲô⡣
ȻҲóǹȥġ
⵲ô˵ҲһëûС
Ҳһ㶣ҲͲȥոΪʲôܹһţ˵СӸող߹Ȼ㵲ǵĵˡ
ֵҵǵĵˣǿԴԱƹȥ
ƹȥȻȷҲԣһǵ飿
Цһ˵С֪λ˭𣿡
֪˭
ڰ׵߾һ˵ĳ50Ҫǵʱ䣬СӿⲻʶĻ͸ϽһǸȻԶԶġ
ԭ
Ȼ
ΧһЩ֪߲ȷ󼪡˭ˣ
ǲ֪󼪡˭Ϊǣǻ֪ġ
ǣѺܸߣʱܱ󣿡ɵȻأô
Ȼ󣿡һϣԷ֪ǵݣӦ̱˷ܺͼֻ߼æһȥôȻô
ΧҲһ㶣ҲΪǣæÿû뵽ʡ
ǿܵĵȻﵴ
ЩûзӦ˵ոΪʲôҪӤƳȥ㲻֪óϵӤܵСľ𣿡
ǸӤȻڿ֣ȻںȰ
ȻҲע⵽Ǹ֮˵ǳмĿ˿⡣
Ǹмοί⡣
Χ˵˲⵲⡣
Ϊ֮ǰǸڣӤӤİΣӤƳľٶ
ʵڵǸٶֳĺܶˣȫŭԣΨվ˳
һ֮󣬾˿񣬶;壬Щǡ
ΨһЩ˵Ȼֻӣ룬ͷСӦǿǸ賤ΪƯҪΪͷҲԼмＸкϷˣǸͷСӢ۵ɣһٰᣬȴ϶ܲˡ
ĻҲͬ⣬˵ôоСǹأԭΪ˸ոյͷ
ȻҲ֪ոӤƳȥ϶óϵӤܵš
ܵžܵֲˣʲô˵ģ
۾ϸĴһۣϷʵ˵˵СôôĵӣҹԭһͷӢۡСǿǸ˳ƯΪͷİɣ
һЦ˵⻰жԵĵطҲвԵĵطǶԣǴҲ˵ֱӻصҸոյͺˡ



һǧʮһ ֻ
Ŷ˵شΪǵĵˣҽ˳ȥشҪͷӢۡ
һЦͷ⣬⡣
⣬𣿡ϷʵĿһۣ˵ô׼ôأ
˱һۣ˵
һڣδ˵꣬ȴȫװͻȻ˵ʦ°ˣʱ䡣
ƺΪЩﵢʱ䡣
֮Ϊʦıڵͷ˵СӣᣬϽɡ
ûᱣڵĻǿ˵
΢΢һ㶣ƺû뵽ͻȻ˵Ѿϰ˷˿ΪУΪһʱ֮Ҳϰһͨ˵
Ƭ֮󣬲ĺһǻشˡ
ֵոĿûκεķӦҲûκεıʾΪıڵȷģӦ𣿡
˱ڣھȻֿʼΧȫеЩ˼顣
ôҲǼΪƵһô˵أ
ΨܡΡ̾һΪ̾һָеǳĳ졣
ԱڵܲˣҲͬ˷ǳΪһǣֱߣȥ֮ӰȻǳĲá
һͨ˵ʣƺоǳûӣûлشĻ˵һ䣬ʦ
˼ԣʦϽˡ
ʦͷ˵Сӣ㻰̫ˣҪͷҲӦȿԼмＸɡ
˵󡰹ɡֵʱʦ˫ҪֱץȻݺݵӳȥ
ոʧӣúõĽѵһ£֪äĿͷӦøӦеĴۡ
ϰ꣬ǿˣȻڽ书ڵ׵ĴڣԸһͨˣֱҪ̫ɣοСȫͲ
ϵıЦϷʵģǶһֻ׵ĸ
ֻǺܿ죬ϵıˣȻץ˫֣ֻͬʱץס
Ҫһ˫ȴǶã޷ǰץҲ޷ء
ʹȫͺ˫Ȼ޷ֺץ˫֣޾
һ̣ʦˣԷΪʲôҳͷ
Ѿˡ
ովһ˫ƳӤİɣȻˣǾͳһ԰ɡ
˵꣬˫һֻǲͬʱʦ޷סһҺ˫ͬʱ۶ϡ
ʦĺ˲ðԴϵıŤȻڳżʹࡣ
һз̫죬쵽λںΧ˶ûзӦ
Χ˿ʦץֻ֮⣬˶ΪǣĿȥӡ
λҲһЦϷʡ
ȴ뵽ͻȻľޱ䣬׶ĶǣΪ˴׵ĸ
ǿʦ˫ֲͨ죬ɻ䣬ʦ㷢һҺȻſʦֱֻۣɲȻ´״
ʦողҺԭԭֱֻ۶Ѿ۶ˡ
ǸһʹΧһ룬ȫ˻˻ĵȻĴһ
Ҳͬһĺ
λڷӦ˹һʦߡ
ʦֵĿ߶£ƺҪ˵ЩʲôȴôҲ˵Ҳ֪ΪʹΪ־壿
λҲͬҲ֪ǿˣԷҲ֮ˡ
ȴʦ־壬Ҳѹ֣ΪǲûᵽĿ¡
ΧҲӦ˹ֳ˷뼤ı飬ԭȻλز¶ĸֲ֣øҳͷأ
ЩֻˣһִһҲֻĿˡ
Щ˷˿ǣǰĳϵıһһ㶵ġ
ڿһƽͷ˵ܹ۶ֱۣ˵ֲ
һЦ˵Ҳ
ƽͷֵΪʲôҪ
һۣ˵ʣҺʧ֪𣿡
ƽͷڵͷ˵ҵȷʣ۶ֱۣҪô
ͷȷûꡣֿʦӦôҪҽ𣿡
ʹѾԼʦһ仰ֲĶһ£ϹǴһĵʹ
Ŭ˵ǣ֪ô
㡭ͬʱ˵ƺЩʦ
ʦ̾Ϣһ˵һߵˣԷɲ⣬ԶԶǶֻ֡ˡ



һǧʮ Ҫ
ԣƽͷʦĻ֮ü˵Ƕе֮ˣôܹһСԣСӻȷЩŵǶԸˣˣǵĴʦֿĸ֣ҪʰСӣֵ
ƽͷᵽʦ֣ʦ۾һܿҡҡͷ˵ûõģǼڣôʦ־澡ʧͲˣôܻΪǳͷңй涨ϰ֮˲ͨ˳֣ᱻֿ𣬴ʦľӣǲֵġ
ƽͷڵСŪֱۣͨˣСӺҲġңΪʦӣŻǳͷ룬Ȼʦֲǣ˵ݣǴʦֵʵ޷ı䡣ڱһС۸㻹۶ֱۣǸ֮ܲˣԺдûӣ
ʦӵ۾ˣϱ۴ƺҲôʹˣ־ΪĴʦһܹʰʦĸ֣һСӶʰˡ
ңƽͷڸոյķȷеĴʦֵȷӦûΪǶͷ
˷ܵǣǵĴʦ˾ˣҪϵﲢҪ̫ʱ䣬ֻҪСסˡ
ԺЩͷʦ˵ãϽʹʦϵͼӴ׵ĸߴʦ֣ôʦֲò취סСӡֻҪܹʰСӣϱ֮ʹһʱҲ޷
Ҫȵʦû취ڶʱȥҽˣֻܶһʱˡ
ƽͷڵãϵʦ־ڸĻˡ
˵꣬ƽͷ͵͵ó绰ʦϵ
Χ֮ڣûˣҶΪԶԶģǸո˵ּСûҿֹֻΪ˵ʦϱһ¡
ʦҪסȴ˵㲻÷Ѿ˼ȥ취ҿԵһǵĴʦֻ֣ҪܹڰСʱ֮ڸϵȻ޷ڶʱڸϵҲȥңֻҪܹҵõڣȥӦˡ
⻰ĸﶼһ룬СӹȻЩŵȻܹڼ׿ĵطС̸
һӣСӱȻ˵Եһȴʦ֣ȴֻСʱʱ䣬ǵĴʦǡþڸôڰСʱ֮ڸϵ
˵ôʦȥȴֲ˵ȥطôôҵõ
Сװһֺñƣ֪򲻹ҲֻĿװơ
ȻѾ˵ˣʦҲͲȥҪסˣ飬ףǱȥǸŮӤϴ
ʦ˵һΪûӵ飬ֲòӣվҪ
ףӣ϶ֱֹֻô򵥣ֻʦ־ڸȻܹڶӣû
ΧĻ֪֮ԽԽˣĸƺиʲôʦҪƺһ㶼¡
˵ϼ˷ܣЩΪǣԽΧԽࡣ
֮ǰǶʮԱ㳡İԱԽΧԽ࣬ﲻЩǣǧҪʲôɧҡ
ĸУߵıڣߵǰ˵Щֻ֣ܵһʱˡ
Կʦ֮󣬾һֱ£˵ͷ΢Щ˵á
ĸڶнƸģ֪˶֮ˣҶʲôɫƽʱԡXʦơ
ʵȫûбҪñڣֻҪһھ͹ˣǮĸڴΪ˰档
Դĸ֮ȥ涼ȷǳ㣬ĸҲܸɨһСϰоǳӡ
һΣ֪ĸˣһθеЩ¡
ǣڴ֮ͥ£Ӧûʲô顣
ڣʱȷûʲô飬ʦ飬˫֣ȵĲʵĻķȥ
ϵıȻһЩ΢Ц˼ˡ
ʦＫΪջŭڡֱðȴòĻ˳ǣҪԼе΢Ц
ֻЦȴԵøӵˡ
ֵ΢ЦȷΪˣЦҲ̫ˡˣ㻹ǱЦˣȻһͺá
ʦŭգΧ۵һЦֲЦĻģ
ʦԼк£ˡ
𣬡Ҫ¡
Ȼٺ£˵ͷ̧ۿʦ
ʦߵ裬Զλõʱ˵ˣˣ𿿵̫źˡ
ʱ򣬺Ѿٿ֣ſĻƺѾ˯ˡ
ʦǳ˳飬ͣ½ŲԥƬ֮һϹ˵λ裬ղŵҸеǳıǸҸǸˡ



һǧʮ 
֮ǰҫһıڣڹĵǸΧˣ÷ǳĳ죬һڶ³ˡ
Ҳû뵽ոǸɷıڣڻһģĸǸ
Ȼ֪ԷǸȲѵ£ȴһģô˵ǰͷ
УһỨ
ʦǸֻоеȫ˵ϣֱ޵ҧгݣȴǲұֳ
ȻûȥǸǺʦһپ٣һʦ棬ȻҲͬо棬ͬ޵ҧгݵġ
֪֣ҲδСӵĶֻ֣ܰϣǵĴʦϡ
ǵƺ
ʦǸصʱ֮ǰϵʦֵĹͷڣ¶ϲɫü˵ʦͬˣǡþڸԶӦܹڰСʱ֮ڸϵ
ʦҲһ˷ܺͼǲϱֳֶߣǰ
ֻǲɫĿһۣŴʦֽƷ֮Ҫһظոնӣ
ȴǲ֪һμȻ˸
ҲЩ죬Ҳʲôʦ־ȻľڸҲ̫ɺ˰ɣȻԽԽˡ
һ͸һɣȻѾ飬ȻҪá
ʦֻûոյʦѾܵ˳ͷѾǸҲ͹ȥˡ
ڣһο˵Ϊһǣո鷢ȴûгֹºҲûκεıʾ𣿡
һ㶣û뵽һΰͷָ
ΧҲһ㶣Ҳû뵽һκһ˵
Լ鲻ܲˣһȻģȷúܶ˾òף뵽ǣҲⱣģҲˡ
֮ǰʵһǣôأ
֮ǰΪǣˣһʻҲŷ֣֮ǰ뷨ƺǴġ
˶Ŀ⿴ֻǿϧȫװǿϵı顣
֮󣬱شʦ۶ϵֱִۣһֻ˵ʲô˼
ſ֣ǷǳҲܹ
ֻҪشʻǲʾͿˣ
ǳˬʣ൱ûӣֲòش˵ܵȷʣʦӦԼ뿪ͺˡ
ʵԼʲʣеʦ
ĲˬȻԸش⣬شˣûӣ
ߵıٴߵǰ˵ȻشǵĴʦֺܹܿһ
룬˵ҸոʵֹģʦĶ̫ˣֹҲܲˣȷȷЩʡ
ͷֵȻԼҲ֪ʣǲӦΣóȷ̬
üͷһ壬˵ʲô˼ҪȥǸһȥǸУ˭ƾʲôȥǸ
Է˼ҪȥǸŮĵǸҲ˲ú¶ԷˣҪһȥһͨŮӵǸֱЦ
һЩ˷˿һҲŽе
ӤһǴƵģǴ˭ƵģƾʲôҪȥǸ
԰ûƾʲôҪȥǸ
󼪣ûҪǸ

˿һ˵δ˵Χ۵УһЩȲˣ׷˵
ǵĴûгֹҲͰˣܵȷֹ֪Ӥܵ˾ţȴȥһ£һȻӣôûдˣ
ȻǸǴ󼪵ıڣ˼ҵӤǴ󼪾ôҲѲ˸ϵ
ǣôǾͿЩͨǰΪΪˣ
Щ֮һָ߸ϵĸоǱЩԲз۹ߵġ
һȺԲзۣҪˣԼҲͨˣǷֲס

˵˷˿ǣҲˡ
˵˭Բзۣ᲻˵ϲ󼪡ִ֧дôͳԲзˣ
ϲ󼪡ִ֧󼪣⵱Ȼûд׵äĿ֧֣ǾǴˣǾԲзۡ
ʲôäĿ֧֣ǣոӤǴƵǴ˭Ƶ𣿴ʲôûʲôû˵ôдˣ
֪һôСӤܵ˾ţȴܲˣѵûд𣿡

һԣһˡ



һǧʮ ²ΥԼ
һЩ˷˿ֳһЩˣһԣһĳ
ֳͻȻֺһƬ
״˵ҶȰ
󣬵ȴֳܹÿһ˵ĶС
Ϊ֮ǰı֣סֳÿһˣĻ֮󣬾ҿܣܿͰ
ȻȻ۾ȴǲûţںݺݵĵŶԷ
Ұ΢΢һЦ˵ҲҪ֣Ӱ쵽ˡ
ֿ㲻ù˭Ҹ˵ȷûʸҪǸλΪˣʸǸǸǸͱҪˡ
֮ֿλ裬΢ЦҪǸ𣿲ҪйǣҪͷͿˡ
豾ǲ㣬ҲһǸǸģǳգһͨŮӣȥһǣ
ڣĻһʮְȫɿĸоٺ£ĵ˵ͷ
һͷ˲\˿
Ҳͷֶ˵㿴𣿡
˵Ǹأ
ǸҾֻܲһЩֶˡ
Է˵ҪһЩֶΣʦĶϱۣһҪǿӲıʾǲǸȴվ˵ˡ
ڷǳĺڣǺ֮ǰûȥһǸӤǺõΪ50ĳѣһ̳ϰ롣
ǾͲܵЩ˲á
ǸǾԲԸģǸĻ־¶ԷֶΡ
ңڿҲ޷ʱϵĸڵĴʦֵˡ
ӦǺã˼תͻȻ뵽ϰ壬۾һ
ԼֵֻĶ߶˼䣬ֵͷ߳Ⱥ첽ȥ
ֻ֮ˣһλӸһ
ߵȺǰָָ裬˵ϰ壬ҸոѾ˵ˣǴӦóˡãǾֻȡİˡ
ϰ㳡һҵ̳ϰ壬컨ؽΪڽٰ̳һһ࣬ǿӰ
̳ľµͷ˼£ھڽٰһ͵Ĵ
ΪǿӰϧؽˣܸߵǷһĽࡣ
һ׼ȫҲѾ͵ˡ
ȴ˭֪ͻȻ⣬վԱߣλ裬ǳͷۡ
Ѿ˵ˣ½˵˼Ҳ
޷ǾȥǸ裬֮飬̸ֱ֮ǮǲʲôķҪǸ裬ѡҪǸ
ǳΪѣ˵ǲԸġ
ҲΪӦó棬ǸǸôǾͲܵǸˣ
ңֻҪȥǸͽˣܼ򵥵һ飬ҪΪνȥⲻ
ңϳȥҲδܹ
ΪȥǸ裬˽Ӧ⳥һǮͽˡ
֪¶Ǯδؾܽһ޷ܾľ޿пܽ
Ҳֻпܶѣһ˼ҲǮأٶǮ˼ҲΪأ
ҲԸ̫ǮѾ50ĳˣ̯һǮǻѾʹˡ
ȻҪԭǣＫͬԸ
ĻֵĻȡĻĴα֮ǰѾʼˡ
ܶ˶Ϊ첻ܳϯӰǷǳġ
֮ǰûαǻҪһЩƫƫ̳Ѿǰˡ
ĥţܹܲ飿ǱҪģҪһŬӡ
ֻҪŬȥˣûнãҲ˵ʲô
⣬ȥֻǸͣ
һοʼԥĲԸȥ飬ʼΪӦøǸǸ
ȥΥġ
ˣ鲻ΥԼģһδ⡣
һδ򶨵֮ǰͬ˻˵ҺܱǸҲܳӦøλǸ
һ⣬˵ϰ壬ʲô˼ӵĻĻǲܳϯˡ
̾ҵȻϣܹϯĲȥҺܱǸ
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˵̬ȣüͷһ壬ټ֮ǰҲͬ
һԬϯҵĻһʲСĳѣϣܹһЩӰ졣ڣͻȻоһˣǲԸϯĻԱǡ
㡭סˡ



һǧʮ ʦ
׵סˣȫû뵽˵
˵Ҫȡİţһǳŵȫϣ˵ʲôҲҪˡ
ȴõһϤ̬ȡ
㶹֮˵Ȼˣϣϰ岻ڣȥϰ˼Ǵ󼪡
һû˵
ԼвûκεЧһֱ߹ȥ
Դ֮һֱԹۣ֮ͨĶԻѾ֪ݡ
ҹʲô⣿ȻҲס
Աߣ㿴һô
ڣѡ񣬶ѡĽ˵ͷ
һЩýΧ۵ˣҲ֮ͬĶԻȻҲ֪ͬݣѡҲǺøж
ǺΧ˽һСȺ˴һСȺˣݣ⣬ԼյľܿȺдˡ
֮Ա֮⣬˶ڳޡ
ȺУһߵԣ˵ʲôһһߵͷ
Ǹ֮ǰһ˵Ķ֮Уӭġ
㽫ϸ˵һ顣
ͷľ֮ǰ˵Ĳ࣬ǲûͼӴס
ֱ߹ȥ֪Ǹŵıڣ֮ԻȫΪĹϵ
ǳͱ£ȥк
ߵǰЦãֽܹѵǸڣ˺塣
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гգ֣Ӧ֮ǰ֮ĶԻ
ڰ֣˵ֵһᣬܶ˶һѡ񡣡
ЦЦ˵ȡ˽İţ̳Ӱ죬ǲС
ͷʵ˵Ӱȷ᲻С̳һʹѾǰαкܶ˶ΪܳϯӰȷСҲҵѡ˵ҲԸȥһЩΥĵ顣
Ƭ̣˵¼棬ҲԵɣҶ鷨һǿԣȡ˻ţĻҾд͸λлˡ
һϲܵõһīʵٺò
ȻᣬΪ鷨ж裬ֻҪдˣһ塣
鷨ĸߵͣʵҪ
˵ֻһС£ҪλĸлҶ壬ܹҵһīʵĪҡ
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ֿ˵˵ʲôٸһӵʱ䣬ٲжĻҿɾҪȡֶˡ
һո˵ѡ֮һֱĿ߹ȥ˵ɫָˡ
ȻҪֶܰʱϵĸڵĴʦֵ
ȴ룬Ǻֶܿһλ涨ʱ䡣
һӣǲˣѵҪȥǸ˵Ǹ
޺޵ĶļѾоֳ˶ڶоӺϣȫѾ˵ϡ
ֶ޺޵Ŀ˼ۣѾ첻ȥϯĴˣҪ֪ûȥϯԲݲճҪڡ
޺޵Ķ˵ϰ壬ȷ𣿡
һû˵Ѿ˵ˡ
ҧãܺã
һҧ׼ȥǸˣѾͨ뺣ȥ϶ǲˡ
Ļȥ϶ȡֶΣֶεʹ࣬Ըѡûӡ
Ȼһ̤ʱǸƽͷͻȻߣ߶һ仰
֮϶ʱֳϲɫ̾ͣ˽Ų
˺һƬ֮󣬲ֺǺǵ˵ȥǸƫƫͲȥأô죿
ŶͻȻ˵ͻȻ֮˵ֻһԭ򣬸ոǸɵ˵Ļǲ˵ǵĴʦѾˣĵǱп찡
µԭоװòˬߵȻѾ֪ˣ㻹ϽƨĿҪʦһ̲ɣ
ЦȻ˼ôżĸˣôҲü߲ǡ
ЦߣֻҲѾˡ



һǧʮ 
ʦˣ
Χ֮ĶԻҲһ飬ǾĸűڵĴʦ֣ˡ
֮ǰҾ֪ˣĸиʲôʦ֣ܻĸڳͷ
ھȻˣһô죬ȫķ򿴹ȥˡ
֮ǰ֪Ǹʲôʦ֣пܻʱ򣬴ҿһνı顣
ʲôʦѾˣҪһʲôı飿
ţһνı飬֮ǰıƺûʲô
һνΧ۵ȺУȴвЩǡ
˵СӣȻʲôʦˣҪôˣϽ뿪
԰СӣʲôʦֹƲ򵥣ǲӲ

ҲһЩ˷ܺͼɫΪ鱾˷ܺͼ
ҶѾ֪ˣǸʲôʦˣĸڼȻǵĴʦ˵ţǾ˵ʦҲһ򵥵
ѵҪһǿ֮ĶԻ
Щ˷ܡڼݵǿ߶Իڴ
Ȼֵ֧˿϶ϣչʲôʦһʰˣȻǻܹţ
ϵɫͬ˷ܺͼֻǵ˷뼤֮ǰЩ˲һ
ǵ˷ܺͼĸں˷ܺͼ
⵹˵֧ĸںֻǵϣǸʦֺݺݵһ١
ΪΪΪôƯͷͿˬˡ
ʦˣ뿪
ôһΪƯͷʧˣǵҲˬˡ
˷˿ǣһֻǸСӸұǵĴ󼪣ȥǸŮ˵Ǹڱ֮£һȥǸˡ
ڣʦˣǸСӻô֮ǰ磿ôٱƴȥǸôͷӢۣ
˷˿ǿֻ
ֳ˵˼νͬ迴ǵ֮ɫ뿪˵Ҫ¾ˣǳмϣΪʲô顣
˵ˣͱҲΪʲôʦֵĶ֡
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΢΢һЦ˵򵥵˵ĸһһʦ֣ǡþڸǴ򲻹ңͰǵĴʦֽйˡ
ôһ˵ˣЩǵ˵ȻˣǸʲôʦֻЩ£аգ
õģջеġ
ͷ
ĸǿϲѣţʦһһܹСʰˣǸոնӣȫܹһ
Ⱥ˺ߣоЦֹߣѾˡ
ţȷѾˣΪʦѾˡ
һʮ꺺ӳȺΧ꺺ӻ»ҿ㣬еģֲ֮ǰĸĿˣš
꺺ӾĸڿеĴʦˣۣкպ
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۷ֱɨһۣһû˵
㷣ͨǰҫ۵ʱȴΪľ¡
ԥһҲǰȥһʦ
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ûΪܣó۶ʦֱ۵ˣһǸˡ
˹ȥ
ĸ˷ܣӣЩˬȴǲұֳڼĲˬҲͬΪ˷ܡ
ĲˬȻӵʹ
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˵Ŀⶼϣһӣ˷ܣ˲ˬֻ
˶֪ǸСߣѾˡ
˶룬ۻѡֱӶ֣ǻʱȴͻȻת˸ȥ
ﶼһ˸òɣ
ʲôƨʦҲ̫ɳˣܶзŭҪҪֹ
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к£˵Ҫ£ûж⡣
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Ȼ΢΢˹ӣ˵λ裬ǲʦܶ˺ҸеǳıǸǡ
Ҳ۵һٶȫ˴ҵϣ˵ϣһ˼顣
ҲЩ⣬ֵһЦʦеģЩһ



һǧʮ ɲ
ʦһȱ˵⡣
˾еЩ˼飬üͷ΢壬˷ܵԼͻȻоʦƺûס
ĸҲǲΪʦִ˾ʵЩԽݣۡ
Ȼǲұϡ
Ҳǳ㵣û뵽ʦһǸȫû׼֪֨Ӧ˵Щʲô
ƺķӦǸ֮󣬱վֱӣ³ķ߹ȥٿ衣
뿪ĵһ
Χ˵˽ʦƺеĲһ
֮ǰΪʦӦñĸڸӵţӵĲһڿƺôһ¶
ߵǰһЦҲ
Ƭ̣ۿ˵ǿ
Ӧû
۵Ȼˣ֣Ͳͨ˳ˡ
ô˵㲻˼ɡ
۵ͷֵллֽѵ̣ȷӦܵͷ
ۿеġ̡ǱΪʦǸˣ˵ʲôڸл
̱ƿӤһӤ֣ǾԲԭµģ۶˫Ӧеĳͷ
ȻҲ֪۵ĻʲôһЦ˵Ҳֻ˳ֶΪ
ۺ֮ǰĶԻһڳ˹ףƫƫǲֻܰԼˡ
۵ͷ۶˫ۣȻѾҵʦˡʵϣȷʦܡУһǳûӡ
ͷʾ⣬˵ˡ
۵ˣҪ۶˫ۡ
ʱ򣬵Ƕһ˽⣬һԭԺǿǷǷּӵˡ
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ϲϣʼնʦܣʦܱ۶ֱۣܲˣ֪ˣͻǳûӣҲҪ۶ֱۡ
ȥ߼ƺûʲô⣬ЩﲻЩɻ󣬼ȻôӣΪʲôֻҪô˵棬ǸǸ
һЩףΪ۵ԭԺǿ˾ǴˣΪǸۿǲһӵ顣
д󲻳ϣһӵ顣
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˭ȫ
һԿ϶Ǿǿ÷ǳ˷ܺͼ֮ǰЩˣҲͬǳ˷ܡ
ǿ֮Ĵ򶷣ƽʱûлῴ
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ѵǸСӱȴʦֻҪöࣿôܣ
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ʦôûнǸСӴſ£ʵҲȫ˴򶷵
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ǾԵũׯׯ֣ɲ⣬еĵһˡ
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ң˭Ҳ֪١
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ԵũׯׯᣬЩ£Ҳɲ⣬˵еһˡ
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Ǹ˵
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һǧʮ ڻǵǸ
۴ʧɫȭ֮ʱ˷硣
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ղŻѽѷֵˣͻȻ֮Ⱥͣ֡
Χ۵ҲһΣȫ˵ӰЩɻ󣬡ƺûзֳʤôͻȻͰˣ
˿ۣ˵ˡ
һ˵лǰ飬ǰɲ⣬Զ֮ϣǰ
һЦ˵Ѿµˣ
һݣ˵ɾǳˣӶԷľˡ
˾κˣеһ˵ȻģԵũׯׯ֣Ȼɲ⡣
۲֪ʵжǿ֪ʤʮֹ˵ǵֵһˣš
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ͬʱҲǳм֪ȫ֣Լ֮ڱذܣãϰٸغϡ
Ժдᶪˣǳӡ
һι˵һθлǰ飬ǰԺʲôԸԵȫԸ۲ٴǰǰ۸ǡ
ٴοһۣ˵ͷ
һת첽ȥûٿĸںһۡ
ֹͣ򶷣ۿ첽ȥ֮ʱ䲢ȴǿһһ㶵ġ
ǸʦôæߵȴǸǴæ
ңͨ˸ղż̵ĶԻ˶֪һ飬Ǿ֮ǰ˵Ĵ򶷣ΪƾУѷʤ
Ǹãʦֻе˼˵ҪԶԶáɲ⡱ݡ
ңʦֶ˵̬ȣ÷ǳĹһֱƺΪǰ
ʦֵҪ˴ö࣬ȴʼճΪǰ˶ЩɻΨĸ֪еԭ
Ǹʦ˿˵Ļشƺǳˣȷ
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ԣʦ֪˵ݡ
ô˵ʲôݣܹôʦ˹˶ǳĺ档
ڽֻ֪ʲôã˶︹̴̣ʦִգֱӰ˵
ʦִҴҶִҴҶȥĵôҶһ飬ǾǸ˷ǳǳ
˫ð⣬ʮֵ˷ܣѾʮ־ˣڸǾԸӣ˺ԾǴ˵еָ֡
ҲǻϲɫһкᣬһΪˡ
ֳҲͬʮֵ˷ܺͼ֮ǰһЩģ˸ɲǸʦ֡
ڣ˳˴ʦֵġǰԶԶڴʦ֣ܹ۶ֱ۵Ĵʦ֣þһ㡣
ţʦֳΪǰ⡰ǰͬ͡˼ʦԼء
û뵽ӣʮֵ˷ܺͼ
ȻҲ˶˷ܺͼЩΪΪƯͷˬˣھ͸ӵĲˬˡ
Ϊǿʱ񣬾ͬڿһλճӢۣǸӵļʣӵĲˬ
Щ˷˿ǣǴ۵СۣǼĴʦ֣ȻΪӡ
а̾뵽һ飬Ȼʦ˵ĲףǵĴ󼪣ǿ϶ⲻҪǸŮ˵Ǹˡ
վǶ㲻ȥ
˿ֻǰ̾ĸڵɾ׹Ԩˡ
ôҲû뵽ʦ־Ȼ˵Ĳá
ĸڻҪһЩǿۺ򶷹̵ʱ򣬾Ѿ׼ɾͳ׵ɵˡ
ţʦܹͻȻſ£ȴõʦԼſˣڿĺ˼Ϊǰ̬Ҫ๧ж๧
˲˹ȵף֮ǰ˵ʦʱ̬ȿνǳţһҾͲǸôģ˵˼ҾߣѾˡ
ڷǳǳǳĻƲֻӲѣǸôˣпҪһֶΡ
ĴһԴʦΪԹޣҪǴʦָһ֣һܹʰĸоҲš
ڴʦƨˣӦô죿
ĸڣĸھһ̾춪ǿ϶òˡ
ңԺҲòǵַҲȥֻܳ׵ˡ
ƽͷڵ˵ǳ׵ˣڸϽȥǸСӿǸķϣΪˡ
ĸһ̾ϢΪıڣȴ޷Ǹеǳûӡ
ǽѾûˣҲͲһˡ
֪ˣѾû˷ϣֻϣǸСӲҪʹֶΡ
ԣƽͷڵĻһβûԥֱߵǰ΢һĵǸ
ĵǸʹһкᣬڲίᡣ
ڻǵǸˣЩΪӦõǸˣеʮֵĳ졣



һǧʮ Ҫд֣
ʦҲûܾȵڻǵǸˡ
ֳˣеǳĳ죬֮ǰһֱΪԼǣһȣΪԼһͨ˵Ǹһǳûӵ顣
Ȳѵ֮£ջѡ˵Ǹ
֮ǰҿһǣһͨ˵ǸһΪһ˲Ĵ¡
ڣҾֻһͨС¡
Ϊ֮ǰһ仰Ȼأô
ǰô
֮ǰҰǵĵλ̫ˣǵǱʶҲͬΪǸһȡ
֪ˣǺһûиһȵ˵
ȻҲ˶ΪģЩ˷˿ǡ
Ǽڱ֮£òȥǸŮ˵ǸΪǵĴܵ˷ǳί׷Ϊ򱧲ƽ
ǸСӵֶΣǿɲ£ûеСӣСӲڴ֮ͥ£ǳֲǡ
ԣ޿֣⽫˵úܴ
ҿЩ˰Լϲ£ȱȥһЩӦ顣
Ϊ֮Ҫ£Ǽ˼ǣԼôȴûʶ
ǣ˵ʲôôҿⴿǼʣԼҲһǵĻ϶Ͳ˵ˡǻ˵ǾǺͨ˲һ
ϧǹҳΪǵ;ܶ࣬ûдܣҲɲǡ
ż˼ǰΪʣŶ£Լȥһͨ˵Ǹܹеˬ

˿ǹ˵Щֳ˵ĶС
ȻûָգҶóǻﻰ⣬˵ĶǸˡ
üҲ˼ЩƺȷҲЩ
Ǹ֮Գ֣ȷΪǸһع˼Ҳδؾûм˼ǵԭ
˿ǵĻ۾ʱոһֱڹȵ׵ģͻȻֻ֮˲١
԰ǸС֮ԴҪǸŮ˵ǸɣһΪǡ
֮ǰ˵ôҲͬΪʣԼ޷ΪǣŻ˵ô
һǶ룬ֱͻȻʡ
ԽԽˣΪԼ֮ǰСӸƭˣΪʲôˣҲֻͬͨء
ԽֻˣСǿôǼǵݡ
Ǹ֮ƺûҪֶε˼Ҳ´Ȼվ֮ǰţҲپ¡
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Խжˣ֪ڼˣ뿪ɶ
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˼ȴͻȻĿһۣһĪһողŻָһЩƣ˲ȥ
аޣ군ԼЩʲô˲ģǶǡ
ȻѾǸûȤȥ飬ҪҪûȤȥʡ
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Ѿˣʣһ顣
һ飬ҲҪ뿪ˡ
һ飬ѾҪ10ˣӰҪʽӳˣǽĿġ
һ飬֮ǰ˵õģд֡
ѾΪ׼˱īֽ⣬Ҳȥһ̣һŸ߶еĳ
ϣһ׳60׿İɫֽԱߵ̨Ҳװīˮһ֧ëʷԱߡ
Ҫɶд֣˭Ҫд֣˿ͻȻڳϵĳīֽȣЩͷԡ
ȫոյ¼Щ˿˵ĻôͻȻ˭ҪдˣתҲ̫ͻأ˰ɡ
ȫ˽ȫ㲻״ĸҲͬ㲻״
ںջողŻָԽУûüóһЩӦе̬Ҫʲôˣ
ֳܡμ֮⣬Ψһ֪ôһ¶ˣֻˡ
֪ЩصˣҪ֮ǰĳŵΪһīˡ
ʮ˷ܺڴ˵дôֻҪдͻŷǱѰ塣
һЦ˵ҪΪĳдһīĳʵǷǳڴ
һ仰ֳˣЩŪôһ¶ˣ
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ûԣӦòڴ֮ͥʾдɣ
Ͼд̫ĻǷǳ۵ġ
ֺţһɲˣ鷨ʲô裿
֮䣬ƺûκεĹ


һǧʮ Եʿ
㳡ϣĻ֮󣬶ǸɲҪд֡
˶Ǹ˵鷨ˮƽЩɣĴ˽
ĸЦСĪװװͷֻǹƮƮȻˣȻҪд֣ǲ
зǳڴڴдЦ󷽣Ѿ׼Ļһ֮˵ڣԼţĻᣬȻܷŹ
ȻΪڵд֣ԼƷζȫ
Щ˷˿ǣҲͬʮڴո˵ЩѾһЧȵд֮󣬽д֣һ࣬ЧԸѡ
˵ͬ뷨ʱ˿̣˵Ŀȫϣֻ˵ǼѾϵĴëϡ
Χ˽֮ȻûȤᣬʣֳ
һһ֣ڽǶԭ򣬸Զ˾쳤˲ӣҲȻдõô
˵Ҫ̫ǸСӵ鷨ˮƽһôֻҪǸСӿʼд˾ͳɡ
ڣѾˡ
Цһ˵͹˵дҲԣϧЩ㣬ṹҲЩɢңҪʱϰܳžȻһд̶ֳȣҲ㲻ˡ̶ֳȵҲڴ֮ͥдѵáңҿ϶ûģƤˡţ˲
鷨֪ͳĵһ£ǲġ
ԼⷬǷǳģԼëϾֻڿ͹ۡ
⣬һȰҪ̿ϰ鷨ȡճžĸоֱ
ĻҲˣ˷۷˿ǵĸ͡
˵úãǳרҵ׼ȷ
󼪵鷨϶ǷǳģӦùȥָһ¡
˵öԣд̶ֳȣҲǲˣҲ̫ˡ

ͷ˿һһֳͣˣҲв˰ͷȴǲɫ
ȻҲ壬дֵôǿдĶȴٲȻǴˮ׼ڻǲҪ½۵ĺá
ýˣ𾪺Ͳ˼飬ȻҲô鷨ǿ鷨ĸߵ͡
ֲԾѣԳһңԿƴеĴҡ
ǼԭᣬҲͬΪ鷨ж裬ȴ룬鷨ϵ裬Ȼ֮
ݲӺ棬ɲ⣬鷨ҲǼԿ϶˾Բһˡ
˼ԭ򣬻һǾдֵݣѾдһ֡
һʮ֣ģȻ
ʮֱߣѣֲԾӾмѣǶ鷨֪˿ˣҲԻ֪ǴеĴҡ
ʮֵݣĵ̳йء
ģȻ૵ʮ֣ͻȻоһֳΣһµΣ
֮дʮָΪ֮ǰԸΥ£ʮ֡
ʮһֿ϶һֱ޲ߣϣӪĵ̳ܹġ롰š
Ȼ˳ױʵʮ֣̳Ĳ棬ܹõѸٵŤתԸΥ£ӦõĻر
ͣ±֮󣬿΢΢һЦ˵ԸҪʮ֣
һݣ֪ΪʲôҪ
ţһҪʮ֣ͱҪʮ˵ķ񣬳£
Լ¹ڣ΢һ֣ص˵ģһʮ֣ġţ
ͷ˵ôһ־ˡ
ȼָܵһֳΣһ˵л֪Ը֪ܺ
΢΢һЦ˵֮ǰ˵ΪԵһнҶ޶Ҳؾʹ˹һ
˵꣬½ǣдһСΪΪҪдʮֵԭ󼸸дţԵʿ⡱
ԵʿȻһԳƣһʱ֮벻⡰ԵʿǺˣ
д֮󣬷±ʣߵǰ΢΢һЦ˵ˣҪˣϣĺӽɳ
кᣬסıŸм
ڰ֣ʾ費л̧ɨĸһۡ
ĸһ£һ۵ȻףǲҪͼȥ鷳
ĸпɬʶĿֲ֮ﻹȥǸŮ˵鷳
ٸ100ӣҲҡ
˵ע£ܡһ߳Ⱥ



һǧʮһ ޼֮
ȫ뿪Ҫ˵ʲô죬ȴû˵
˷˿ǣҪ䣬˵Լдó󣬱˳Цд֮͸Ͻ֪ΪΣҲû˵ڡ
ֳ˹İֱһ䣬׵ʧֳ֮Żָˡ˵֮
˷˿ǣʱҲڼڽ
д˾ͿҲ֪ԼдòôҲе֪֮ɡ
дȴûԴҵۣҲ֪Ǹ˵Ӧ˵֪֮
ϧˣȻǵĴ󼪺úõĸһ£˵ܹ˶ǳ˷һõĻ֪
ˣ˾˰ɣ˼ô˵ҲǸ֣˳ЦдòôվҲǷǳûӵġ

˿۷׷ףߵЦȻˣһǸ߿ˡ
ְԵ⣬Ȼȼ֮дʱ򣬾Ѿڵˡ
ʱٿ˵ոյһûǣˬпɾʹĽˡ
Ե⣬ˣҲٲõʹֶˣǵԽУȫˡ
룬ϿȥϯĴֻҪӣӦġ
Ͼ50ĳҲһСĿ
⣬˵ϰ壬СˣҲˣ㻹Ǵ󼪣ȥϯĴóһǴ󼪻ῼǳϯġ
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ԼĻֱˣʮֲˬصĺһɫҲ˲һκһЩ
ȷĻֱˣ롰ԵʿǺҲܸоһ֪˭Ͳôһ㣬һ㡭
˼ֳ۲ֹһڻƽڳϣֳ˶ûпһ֡
Щ˷˿ǵ룬ѵ汻ЩԲз˵ˣǵԼд̫ˣżĿ浣ԼдóĻȫûбҪд
ɻ۷׷ףԭΪܿͻߵˣǸչʾֳ˶ܹ
ȴ˭֪˰죬ƺ˿ûչʾǸֵ˼ԹԵʲô
˵Ȳˣ˵˵ϰ尡ǲӦðǸչʾôҿˣ˶ء
ǰϰ壬ʲô벻ôȿ֣˵дô
ȻǸǸ͸ģҲӦǿ
ϰ壬ٲչʾǿɶҪ˰

Һһӵϣȥվסˣ̫ˡ
ʱ򣬴ͻȻ֣һϰ壬ͻȻ֮ƺʮֵļӶƺΪڼ΢΢Щ
ڴɻֹʱʮּ˵ǸǸǳǸͰ⸱չʾҿʹҹ㡣С֣һ⸱־͡
СæӦһߵһͷ׼һһһߣֽ
˫΢΢ЩȻѾ֪ˡԵʿ˭
֪һֽ޼֮
鷨ʮݣټϵḶ́ҪߵݣЩ⸱֣ΪԵ޼֮䵮Ḷ́ҲΪһ׮̸
⸱װ̳޷̳жߣ
ţһۣ֣Ҳ˶һ־׷
Ȼǲܿ۵ġ
ǰδеļС˵С֣СģСģǧҪСġ
СֻûʶԵʿ˭ļ΢Щ⣬˵ܣڲҪ
Сֱ˵ҪСһЩ˵⻰ƺЩףֻ˵һ롣
Сֵ˼һЦ˵ҵȻҲǳСĵġ
˺һ֣˵ģȻλҵҹͬͣҹ㡣
ֳڿһֵݡ
󣬾˵ϣ𾪺Ͳ˼ɫ
ֻʮֱߣƲĿ
⡭⡭⡭֡
Ҫ˵ʲôһ֣ȴǲ֪Ӧʲôô
ƺеôʶԱǴʱ˿еĸܡ
Ǹдʵ̫ˡ
֮ǰȻΪǸΪԼдòãǰģǿЦ
Ŀ࣬Ȼ鷨֪дֵˣǴеĴҡ
ǸСᣬô鷨ϣ֮裿
ţЩִʱǰòš
ͻȻ壬Թǿĵʱﲻһֿ־塣
Ȼ˵Ǹĵˣֿ־ĸо



һǧʮ ˵
־壬Щ˷˿ǣʱҲ׵ˣٷһ
֣дֻһãǻܹأӲ˵ЩָͲô
Ͼÿ˵۹ⲻһ˭Ҳ˵ǹҲ硣
ڣǻҪӲ˵ЩֲôĻǾֻܱ˵ǰ׳ˡ
ԣϢģٲҷһ죬Ψһʣµһ㰲οǣǸСӼǰдٺãҲվǣǵĴ󼪣ȴǻʵǡ
ǲҷ죬ֳǲϵľʵ̫ˣȫû뵽ǸˣȻܹд̶ֳȡ
ֿżֱһܣƽʱ鷨ȤˣʱҲ
ԭ鷨һд߾ʱܹ˿˵ܡ
ƾ֣ܹ鷨ĵһ𣿡ܶ˵ʣǲ½ۣҲûʸ½ۡ
ףôоıʷƺʲôط˾ɳ
ʲôطȲʵ
ţ룬ҵȷӦüֻҶ鷨Уһʱ֮Щ벻ˡ֮ǰ˻ش
ȸܵ鷨ʮֵݣģȻ
ʮַǳ⣬˵ܹķ񣬳žӪôõҵ
ʮ֣Ǹ˶ϰĸʮų
ȺУвԼϰ壬ҲвٵˣǶʮ֣˼
ʮ鷨輫ݱҲ˼
ôǸ˵˭ȫȲҪ֪𰸡
ǶţǸ˾Բͨˡ
˭·һС֣˵Ŀ⣬ȫƵһСϡ
СֽǸˣ֮дʮֵԭǡԵʿ⡱֡
ԵʿԾǣǸ˵Գơ
ô˭Եʿ֮ǰƺû
ȫšԵʿ֣˭أ
ԵʿԵԵ
ͻȻһ𾪵˵룬Ѿ֪Եʿ˭ˣ
֮˵ԵԵӦ뵽ˡ
˵Եʿĸһ𣬴һʱ֮벻⡰ԵʿǺҲ
ֻԵ֣̾ͻ뵽һطǾԵũׯ
ôԵʿݣѾ֮
Եũׯׯ
ȻԶԶֹԵũׯׯһ
Ǹ˾Ȼȫ𾪵˵ʵ̫˼ˡ
˵һֱǴ˵һĴڡ
ÿһʱ䣬һιµĴ˵ʼ
Ϥÿһδ˵ȴδһǻۼ֤µĹµĵ
˵µĴ˵ĵ飬ʻΪµĴ˵
Ȼһ룬֣ʵӦøе֣ײβʲôطֶпܵġ
ңӦһµǸģɲ⣬鷨輫˺ᣬ
֮⣬ֻһı£
Ȼڻ˵·һĻȻµ
ΪǵǱʶǴ˵һĴڣǷǳңԶô²
ǵʵϣףǵǱʶǴģУʱпܻҡڵĳС
ôȻҲܻǵˣʵңԶ
ʱˣ֮ǰΪʲôἤ˫ֶڲΪõһ޼֮
һֽ޼۵ģǰкγһµģĴ˵
Ǹ裬δ˵еĹؼȫǼ֤ߡ
Ȼδ˵еĹؼֹǸ裬ĸڡ
ֻǿϧǽδ˵еķؼ
뵽ĸڣֳȫŤͷȥǺȻ뿴һڵı顣
֮ǰʱȻк£ȴʼһԽУΪǣԷֻǸͨˡ
ڣ֪ǸԽʮͨˣȻ֮󣬲֪һʲôı飿
˶֪ϧŤͷȥѰʱĸѾӰ
ԭҲӡԵʿԳϣµǸ˵ݡ
µ֮ᵽʲôûдһȣ˫֪˶ٸΣ
˵ө֮Ĳ࣬Ҳ̫š
ȫɪɪҲֳͣƬ̣˶Ǹ˾Ȼ֮ʣĸ͵͵ˡ



һǧʮ һηǳľ
ֳŤͷѰӰûҵˣ֪ȻѾĸһ͵͵ˡ
ûпϵı飬Щź
ǴҲõϻһı飿
еˣипǧ
һλǣ˵ԽУ˵ĽųǳһĴڣȴͨľһͨˡ
ţһͨˣԼ˵ǣôأ
ǵѾԽνǵķ롣
ְĿ⿴Щ˷˿ǣ֮ǰһǶ԰һͨˣϵ䳰ȷ˵ʲô֮Զ£Ϊǵݡ
ǲ֪ηǶЩ˷˿Ǹеˡ
ǿЩ˷˿ֻ֮ǰһȵǣʱ˿ԴȥΧȺ
в˻͵͵ģȺȥҲͬû棬ټ
Ҳ벻Ǹǵһͨ˵СӣȻ
Ȼ˷˿Ҳ֪֮Ĳ࣬ʵ̫̫󣬴˷һԱȵûС
ǿĸһ͵͵ߣҷһ죬·һ죬˵ע⡣
֪Ļǵżͽ˵ĺЦǱȥ
ԣǲҷ죬ͬʱܹ˳ߣЩ˷֡
ǵƺ㲻ĸڳ׵ʧֳ֮Ҳû˷ǣҶǸ𾪵С
ֻǣߵǣھȻֻԼżܹ˳ߣ˷֣еʵ̫ˡ
ָоȻʮֵĲǲҶֻеʮֳֵȥ
Ҳ͵͵ߣϧҪߣ߸ո߻δԶʱֳѾлعŤſǡ
ܹĿеĺ壬ûüߵˣϽͷѾȴδԶˣѸټӿ뿪ĽŲ
迴ŻӤĿޣǸΪͦˣȻһʼաͨͨͣ
ȺУ˷ܵıţԼʱ˿̵ļ顣
ҵڶţȻոľߡ
ǰ˭õȻ
룬ǲӦøлһ£ǸĸڣҪǣ֪лֳ͵ķɣ
ȷӦøлǣûǣǵȷ֪ȻȻǾһ˵ɲǸлšΪ

⼸¼֮ǰ˵ǶûȤǼˡ
ǸʱһƺƵܶ˶˹ȥȴûйȥֻ˵ǲȤ
ڣ֪ˣȻľ߲Զǵ⡢ϲ˷뼤֪
⣬ȺһЩΪΪƯͷﲻˬˣʱҲͬǳ˷ܡ
Դ֪Ǹ˾Ȼ֮ﻹһ˿Ĳˬеֻ˷ܡ
˵УʮֲȻģۼ֤ˣǻҲ־ͺˡ
Ļƽ֮£ҲܹһͦӢۣ˳羴ĸоȻǳ
һչʾһ֮󣬾СҪȥúõװȻ̳Լȫ˾еˣҪĺͳš
һСղغֽ֮ոдʱùëʺ̨ļֵͬ͡
һ֪ΧͬҲ֪Ǽëʺ̨ʮֵȡ
в˶뿪˵ܲܽëʺ̨͸ǣ
վû˵ڣ֪ǲ͸ǵģֺαؿأ
˽һų˻ȥȻֳ˸ǣСĶȥ
ʱȻ˷ܺͼУȻûƽȻ޷ţ쾹ȻܹĻԵ
һˣֳûÿˣһ֮Ҳɢ
ֳв˶Ϊ10ӿʼӳġڵʱѾ940֣ҲȥӰԺˡ
һۣһŵӰԺȥڡμǡĵһӰӳ֮ǰһʱڵӰԺ¥μǡۼ֤˹һµĴ˵ĵ˵ʵһηǳľ
ʼ޷ƽۼ֤飬㹻Ǵܳһʱˡ



һǧʮ ӰԺ
ֳΪˣһۣһ߳ŵӰԺȥ
ţͻȻʶһ⣬Ǿ֮Ի֣ѵҲΪ
оһԽԽǾֿԷǳߡ
Ϊ֮ǰܹԡμǡӰӻǳӣǵһμǡӰӳӣԵӰԺۿǷǳġ
ģôȥĵӰԺȻ㳡¥ǼҵӰԺˣҲȥǼҵӰԺ
˵ǻһҵӰԺײпͬһӰ
һ룬еȫһαüȫţܹͬһӰ
ȵȣھ10㣬10ӵʱ䣬ǿʼӰʱ䡣
ʱӰڴ˵ܹӰ
뵽˵۾ǴȫӿŲСӰԺȥ
ӰԺڶ¥¥ҲԶݣ¥ݻԶݣȫǡ䡱ļ̤ȥ
Ȼֱ˵ӰԺ
ӰԺĹԱֳȴĹǣͻȻ֮һˣȫһΪʲô¹ʡ
ȫڵһʱĴ쿴һЩ
Ҳڵһʱ䱻ˣһæѯʣʲô飿
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ڴڼƱ볡ΪͻȻһȺ˵ĹϵҲЩģΧ
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֪ӻֳ˵Ŀֻ
ҲЩǵģΪʲôͻ¹أʵһ
һȺˣ˵˵ʲôʵһ
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ȵ˵ͷͻȻһϣʵĸ
ݸ˵ǸȻĸ
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Ȼ֪ݸӿ˵ģǸһµǣЩô
ĪǣЩΪǵӰԺα
ǵ룬ôܣʲôݣһССӰԺô
ɻ֪˵Ǹʲô˼ôǿû˵
ݸ˵֪ûΪո¥¹㳡ϳֹΪһλһ˹ǲ֮Ի¥¹㳡ӦΪ˽10ӳġԲżҴҵĳ˽뿴һǲ
ݸӵСֻǴˣֳҲͬˡ
Ȼǻǲľ徭˼ˣֳͻȻ֮Ϊ֮һ䣬
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Ϊһ裬һʲôĹ׷ʲô飿ܲϸ˵˵
ո֮ǰҲǾȻˡ
׷ʲô飿ǵ˵һ˵

ֳ࣬Ҳʮּ˵˵ǵӰԺп𣿡
ݸһ˵ʵģ㿴ڵķӦǿ𣿡
һϣЦҡҡͷոʵ⣬ȻǷϻЩĿﻹ
ȻֳڲĳӰпѾĳӰˡ
Ϊ10㣬ӰԺ12СӰȫӳƱǰʼѾ˺һˡ
뵽ʱ˿̣ڵӰԺĳӰšӳ̲ס˷ܺͼ
鴫ȻܹǵĵӰԺһʱ
ң鲢Ҫٷ֮ٵȷֻҪǵӰԺۿĸʷǳ߾͹ˡ
ʵϣָʷǳߣֲܰٷ֮ȷ飬ܹٷ֮ȷ飬Чá
Ϊܰٷ֮ٵȷͻĲ²顣
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һҵӰԺ˵Ȼá



һǧʮ 
˷ܣ֪¥¹㳡ϣΪһһع飬ܿͻϴ
ʱ䣬ص㣬˲Ѳ²ֵԭ򣬺пܾΪ10ӳġֲ²Ҳ֮ϴ
ǵӰԺȻȻģ͡롱У²⡢ǵӰԺΪ¼Ľ֮һһʱ
º󣬶ȻڣǡμǡӰĹĽ֮㡶μǡӰӰӹ˾̸Ӱʱ򣬻õһЩ벻Ч
ԽԽ˷ܣǰһȺ˹һЦ˵Ҳ10ӳġİɣϽȥƱӰɣͿҪʼˡã˵ͻͬһӰ
һȺ˵ȷΪ˶10ʱ䵵Щ12ʱ䵵ģֻǰ˶ѡ
10ӵ˹һЦ׷˵˵ĺܶԣǾͽȥˣԸҵ㹻á
һ˵һ߳Ӱڴ߹ȥоڴɫڴӰڴͬһӰ
ȻҲпܣκһӰֱֿӱӵˡ
Щ10㵵ˣһĽĿЩȥŶӼƱӰˣЩпܺͬһӰǣȴûˡ
Ҳ12뵵ƱֿԼûУȻѾˣǿ϶10㵵ˡ
һ12뵵Ʊȴ֮硣
Ľȴûа취ֻڴţֻ߳ȥתһת
˼ȣǳȥתһתʱ֮ǰڴĹǣȴǡ
ѣȻǲ10㵵ƱǺ˵һ˵֮ǰ׷ʲôɡ
԰ѣ˵һ˵ڷǳĺ棡
Ϊһλһ˹ôһ¶

˶֮ǰ¥¹㳡ϣ׷ʲô飬ʵǷǳĺ棬ȲҪ֪ľ
͵ӰԺĹԱǣҲͬˡ
Щ10㵵ˣ˵ȲһϣĿǣãһװƵĴʱ
ǣǹһЦ׷˵УУǾ˵һ˵ľ
¶ô˵𣬻˵ڲ֮ǰ¥µĹ㳡ϣǳ൱ųĸɷҫ20Ա־ңһȺԲзۡȿȡǸһȺ˿СС

10㵵ˣҵװƵĻᣬЩ10㵵ˣӰڴƱ֮󣬾ȲģԼӰȥ
߽Ӱʱȴ̲סһȣ
ȻֹôͰѵƹŪôɶ
Ӱĵƹ̫ˣľӰҲ塣
ǣܹٺһЩ
ڴЩŵģҵԼλ֮æǰҲͣϣǸϤӰ
ֻǷǳźǲûҵǸӰ

ܡΡˣʱһӰΧѾ˹ڡ
Щڻ֪¥¹㳡Ϸ飬ǴʱԲ뵽ǵߡ
ܹһЩ½Ĺڣһ֮ͲͣĴƺѰʲôˡ
ܵ˵ЩӦ㣬Ѿµ￴Ӱˡ
ЦЦ˵ܹµ֣ӰϾҪʼˣעۿ
ܵڴôãĿʼˣ֪Чô
һ¾֪ˣҲǳڴ
ӰʼӰ˾һоڴɫ
ЩûпӰźˣʱҲעе˼ʼĵӰϡ
Ļϣһι֮ǹƷӰӵһƵ
ƵȫһμǡӰʽʼ
һ龵ͷǸͷһƬããˮУһΡĴɽ
ţͷɽ컨ʵ֪࣬ǻɽ
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͸ʯѣʯ˰ɣ
Ӱˣһȫ۾Ҳǳڴ
Ȼ֮ǰƽ˾ʯͻȻ֮ѿɽضɽҡһƺʯһɲǣȻˡ
Ӱˣ鲻Խķһ
۾һϸ۲ѾʯգࡢݳĸоЩǳעġ
۲һ֮Щź⡣
ǰࡢǱݳĸо⣬ҲԶ
һǶ˵ġ
óƷӰӡݺԱȫԸóŬⲿӰ
ңǵӰǵӾ磬ҪȫϣĿеľ
ʮӰĳʮֲͬĸоҲϣġ
Ҳ֮ǰӰӹ˾Լȥо㣬һҲԤԭ
ԣġ



һǧʮ ɵò
Ӱ
еգǰࡢǱݳĸоҪԶҲȽһ㡣
֮ǰ˵׿ЩһδκΡμǡӰƷĹһʵĵӰ
ͱӰڣǿþʮ˷ܣʱʱۡۡۡ̾
ˮΪƯʦѧգѧչȥȡڵĻԭȷǳߣЧҲкܶطƵƵͷ
Ӱܳ150ӣӰʱеĹȫδֻоôộûаСʱ
֪Ѿȥ150֮ȫеǳĲ˼飬Ȼȥôˣȫûио
ɼһɹĵӰ
ܹδᣬӰվǽˣҲòӰȥ
ܡҲȺС
һߣһ˷ܵ˵ŸԿĸоĳ
ӰԺ׼ۿ12ʱ䵵ĹڣǼӵӰڴĹڣ̲ס׷ʵѣÿ𣿡
õĻش𼸺ǣÿǳĺÿԵĻ治ٿһ顣
⣬ЩȴĹǣԵü͡

߳ӰԺܡΡ˵λݾô
ܳһʵĵӰ޷Ϊ䡣
εûкްݵգҿܻݵջ˺ްݵ֮󣬾ͻᷢԶ
Ȳ˵İ⣬ֶͱݳĸоҲȫյĸоǵǵӰҲ˲ܽܡ
ֵȷǿԽܵģ˵һʵĵӰ
ܿ˿Цô
ЦЦ˵˵Ĳ࣬ܵ˵ġ
óֻͨһ绰ܿ죬绰ͨˡ
ЦǺǵ˵үӣ˰ɣоô
绰Ǵҵġ
ҡء֣ˣԡμǡӰӻͬǳڴӳһμǡӰˣȻ
ҲҪܵسǵĵӰԺȥۿڴӵԵ¥ܹۿ
Ե¥һۺԾ¥ȻҲеӰӰԵ¥Ŀ˿š
10Ե¥ĵӰͬȫеĵӰԺһͬײ
Ӱʼ֮󣬵ӰԵ¥Ŀˣҡء֣ҲС
ڣѾӳҡء֣ˣҲѾ߳Ե¥ȥ
·ϣҽӵĵ绰ЦǺǵ˵ܵ˵ǲģֻջһЩоձͼݣҲҪڿˡ
绰ﴫүӺ㰡
ЦСӺúĵӾ磬Ҷ˼ҵӰҪ󲻿̣ɲĵӾҲ̡ʵ˵˽ġ֮ҷҪݺã֮ǰΪĸѣҲòʵһЩСӵĵӾڴֵڴֵߣʱСӵĵӾﲻΡ
үôͨСҺǸжүӾɰڴֵһЩ֮ǰ˵ģԲʧ
ҵúúãȻСȻ˵ţҾ͸ᣬڴֵˡ
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үӣϢͨŹȥ˶ãѾ֪ˡ
ҵ϶ѾˣҲ֪Ź֡

˵£ȻǼҵӰԺ¥¹㳡Ϸ¼ˡ
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¼ٶ൱Ŀ죬˶Եʮֵ˷ܣ۷׷ס
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ǰĽЩֳˣܹԼ֤´˵ĵ
ĽǸϰ壬һֵļֱֵԹ֪öٵҵĽּʡ
ĽҲûã˼ϰĻԵңϰ֮ĻԵȫΪ֮ǰԸΥԼ¡Ʊףϰˡ
λ˵ͬĽλӦҲһλˣŻԵõף裬ҲףӤɳ֮һˡ
֮ǰд˵ʮֲܹȷˡϧûֳ׼źź̫źˣ
һγ׵ĳΪ˷ǡ
ҲԹñˣֻԹԼԽ̫ǿΪԼǵݣжôô˲𣬱ͨҪ߹ࡣҪܹٷ֮һľ磬һιҲᶪˡ




һǧʮ μǡӰ
ϣ۵ڼ
֮ǰӰԺһ˵˵ţ˵ǵĵӰԺ
㻹˵ΪǼҵӰԺĿԣͦ󡣡
ԵȷͦҲڰٷ֮ʮϡǼҵӰԺ³ǵӰԺɣҹƴڿʼֱġ
оȷֱҾˣͬǵϢܶ˶ʾҪĲҪȥ³ǵӰԺҲġ
ҲˣȷϢҲҪȥǼҵӰԺڡڷӳУ֪Чô
֪ûƱȻЩ˵˵۰ɡ

³ǵӰԺĴһֱˢϢȻ֮ǰԤĲ࣬ܶͬǵ˶ʾҪ³ǵӰԺ
˷ܵĹЦڵġˣԺ20μǡĵӰء
ȻͬΪμǡӰЩҲܻܿ³ǵӰԺѡӰԺǵӰԺʣпܳܳһʱı
ⲻõӰԺø棬õӰԺμǡӰ̸ͬʱиĻȨܹΪӰԺȡ档
ӰԺ˶ࡣ
֮ԻЧֻΪкܴĿܣǵӰԺˡӳ
ипӰѾֲ˹

һװѵŹСģװ͸һ֡
֪ҵõһһ£ѾϴˣĽּʡ
СҵǣȵĽ뼵ʺΡ
Ѿӵ˲10绰ǹڵҵͷǴġ
Щͷǵۣ֪Ҫ߳ٱ
Щͷǣǲнġ
ڣЩͷͨԵŪĵ绰׷׸绰˵Ƕһ㡣
⻹ðɣ˵д˼ָ㣬ϸҺ뿴һ
㿪ֻۣҪҿҾ͸򡣡

˿żɽòĿĶһǾҪ͸һ֡
ӵҵͷǵĵ绰Щܳġ
֮ǰ룬ôҵͷǣ绰̬ŵúܵ͡
ҵͷǸùϵľѻᣬԲλͷ̸ǲһ֡
һ֣ʻΪ̳֮
һֱװʼն޷ƽ
ĵ̳뵽Ѹͷչʱڣڴ

ӳˡμǡϵдӰĻ
ڡ֮Ӱӹ˾ģμǡӰҲ½ӳ
ʱ䣬ڵӰһл⣬עֻڡμǡ
Ӱ׷ѡâҪʱӳģȫƳӳʱ䡣
ȫӰԺμǡϵеӰ
ĹǴ񫣬ղܣһֺ
ܶΪһԿ񫣬ֱһʱ䵵Ʊ
翴翴ٿһӰ˳򣬻ǡμǡ·չ˳
ӡ칬ʼȻǡԺ˽䡷;ѡ͵ǡ׹Ǿ
ֻļ¡
һҵӰԺķӳ˳򣬺ȫչ·չ
ΪܹԼҪ˳տЩӰԺһ֮ͣģϵһӰԺȥһ
Ȼ·࣬Щȴִ˲ˣ˷ܡ
£ͬԱȴȫͬҲһּĸй顣
ּĸй飬Ӱʷ϶ǿǰģҲпܻ

ʱÿһµĵӰӳȥӰԺۿ
Ӱ롶࣬ӰǺõӰֻաɮ˽䡢ɳɮ˵İͱݵĸоĿе;Զ
Ȼ20汾ɮʦͽУҲǰһģȻĿеľ󣬵ڵӰ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ڴġաУյİͱݣΪ⡣
20Ӱܵ˵ģӰӹ˾ҲȫˣȨʱĳŵ
ڸıϣϱȽԭûжɷ֡ĹУڵϣҲȫԸ
20ӰϵӳȫĹǣһǰδеӾ飬ڡμǡƹ㣬Ҳ˷ǳá
ۡμǡӰȨĳԣõ˺ܺõ֣⡣



һǧʮ ԵӾڴ
μǡϵеӰӳĹڿüǹ񫡣
ϣμǡϵеӰʼնǽ֮һÿ춼۲ͣ
񫣬ʵ̫ˣӰûһ
һڵʱ䣬30Ӱȫˣʵ̫ˬˡ
Һ㲻ͬҵڲſ10Ҫʡһ㿴ÿֻһҾܹһ£ˬġ
Ҳʡһ㿴̲סһٿһһڵʱȫˡûйϵһٿһ飬ʵĵӰֻһô
20Ӱ20汾ɮʦͽֲָͬͬоʵ̫ˡμǡĵʵʱˡ
20ӰȻܾʣԱݵöǳŬҲʵɵԱ͹ۣÿһԱǵʵвģΪһԱݵãҪԱıݡ
һԱݵãÿ˵Ĵ𰸿϶ǲģҸ˾ãõǡ칬Уݵաõɮǡ׹ǾУݵɮʱͱ飬ķǳλ
׹ǾеɮȷϲǡȤŮɮɮ뿪ʱһɮŮһЩĵġԭС˵ɮƺһҲûжģıһ£ҾͦõġֻĻŮ͸źˣɮѾˣȴȻ޷ɮ
ȤŮӰһȤ֣ҲȷĬȤƫƫꡢźʣǡμǡĹ֮һ
ÿһӰҪĽɫʾգڽ30汾УΪõǡ͵˲ιգõǡ칬еա
ԣԣеգõģյĸо
ǡս캢еãͱݳĸоá
֧֡칬еգͱݶǳá
ÿ˵ĿһҲѹ֣ܹн30汾գѡ̫ˣûŹء֪ģӾеô
ǿ϶൱ֵڴģţǿ˵Ӿ֮󣬶ĸոõ飬ͻûˡΪӾգ϶ǹϵõա
ûȻڻûпӾգΪǲõģ
ֻգɮ˽䡢ɳɮˣҲͬǵӾáû취ġ

鲻ϣĹУȻⲻ˽20汾ɮʦͽбȽϡ
Ϊ汾еãΪǸ汾á
Ϊ汾е˽ãҲǸ汾е˽á
ͳһŻС顣
ͬĵɮɳɮˣĸ汾ãҲͬ顣
ʵǷǳģҲڶԴ֣֮Ͼÿ˵۹ⲻͬΪ汾ã˼ҲΪ汾á
ҪͬĹ۵㣬ǱҲһ˼ҲҪͬĹ۵㡣
ԣ˭Ҳ˵˭
ʱ˵ˣҲȵӾ桶μǡ֮󣬾Ͳˡ
ΪӾ桶μǡУɮʦͽһõģһ˵ÿһ˶ͬ⣬˿϶ǻͬġ
˶ͬˣȻҲͲˡ
˵õ˴ҵһϿɣȻڵӾ桶μǡûӳҶȴǾԵΡ
ţġμǡһõġμǡ
ˣڿˡμǡϵеӰ֮󣬶ԵӾġμǡñ֮ǰӵڴ
Ӿ桶μǡһۺƵϰ˵Ļƽ𵵶ײ
Ϣõӹٷ˵֤ʵ
˵ӵһλ̨Űݷϣܽμǡһײ
Ҳûн飬ֱͬ˽μǡһײ˫̸÷ǳ˳
ֻǾĲʱ䣬ʱûȷֻ˵ڽڲ
⡰ڡֱ֣еõֱ

μǡӾ飬շתȫʡݣҰɽڴĮ󺣵ط˾㼣
ڣѾβҲѾڽеС
еı֣ȻԲٵеĺڹҲ
еԱǧԱѡġ
ɮʦͽ˵ԱǾϸѡȻѵʦͽ˵Чеľϡ



һǧʮ ڴԴ
μǡӾβ׶ΣҲڽܹĵĽС
μǡϵеӰҲȻӳУӰԺһֱܸߡ
Ӱӹ˾˷ܲѣһͶ㣬Ƕ׬һǮ
ֻ׬ڹڵǮǻ׬ڶڵǮ
ڶҶμǡӰȨμǡϵеӰܿͽ½ڶҵĵӰԺ
оͰҪĴƬӰ׹
׹ҲЩҵĹһѾ
ʹøӰӹ˾׬ȡǮͬʱҲԺ
ЩҵĵӰԺҲãڶĹҲãǵһڴڵĵӰ
ڵǶԴˣҲͬеǳԺ
μǡʵģѾʼӰˡ
ùڵĹǣԡμǡϵеӰ飬ٿᡣ
ͬģԡμǡӾҲڴ
μǡӾ飬ҲԵĸоһ㡣
飬ӵܿʼޡԻλݣٵԱеĹԱȫ˷ڴڴŹǶǵĵӾ磬ۣ
Ҳͬǳڴôʱ׼ǰСͯġμǡӾ磬Ҫײˡ
ڴţμǡӾ磬ҲͬΪ䡣
ǰãӵһλ̨ԴԵŰݷãϣܹμǡӾײȨҳǳ㡣
Է̸÷ǳ˳ܿͶμǡӾ罫һϰ˵㲥ÿ

μǡβ˳Ҳͬ˳μǡӾĲʱѾڡ
ڣǿҵڴ֮£һԤˣμǡľʱ䣬831ſʼÿϰ˵һײÿ
ڣ831ţǡûһڵʱ䡣
Ĺڿһڵʱ䣬ɮͽӫ
ӵӰʼһֱڵģ20汾ɮʦͽˣĸ汾õ飬ܹͣЪˡ
ΪӾɮʦͽˣõɮʦͽˣܹõϡ
ĹڶΪģҲһЩˣΪ
ǿ20汾еɮʦͽˣЩ汾ѾǳˣĵӾ棬ҲδؾͻЩ汾á
ȻӾ϶ҲˣҪ˵ܹѹȺ棬õϵĵһǾͲһˡ
ֹ۵ĴˣֻһһȺäĿʧȥ˻жļһǵſĽˡǸʱǾͻ֪վ˵

ʥ塣
ҡء֣ࡢɢ졣
ݣǡþǼġμǡӾ硣
ҵôʱ㣬ҪʽˡСʼһӣҵҪĵӾ絽ô
˵ǶĵӾڴǳߣԸСӲѹ
֣ЦЦ˵ҪСѹǲܵġô汾ġμǡӰĵӾ棬ԽԽڴˡ
ֻݣƬͷƬβЩҲֵͬڴЩӦöСԲٵġ
ҵͷСϴ˵и֣ԴġǱڴ˵ƬͷƬβǲ൱ľ䡣ǲ֪Сʲôʱѧǫ飿
عһЦ˵ͦʵ˵ķǳڴμǡ֡ϴΡӴ桷Щ֣ǺЩ鰮ģЩͷӿɲ̫ϲ
֣ˣһڵʱˣĿԴɡ

ҡ֣༸˵һμǡӾ֣ͬ˷ǳڴ
Ϊͬʱȫȫּҡ
˵ӡμǡӾ磬ȻΪֲٵ
֣ǾǾĴʣڴ
֮ǰġӴ桷һǧһء顷ȸʵ̫䡣
ΪݹӹƷӢ۴ıͬӾ紴ѪġҲ̫ͬ䡣
ĹţһεġμǡҲһ
ЩΪĵӾ桶μǡܱȡμǡӰõˣҲͬڴμǡӾе֡
μǡӾе֣ܹ걬μǡӰе֣û˻ɡ
ܡμǡӰе֣ǳִʦ֣֮Ȼһϡ
Ϊ桶μǡӰִֵʦǣ˵ۣҲֻҡͷЦ
֪˵ʵΪμǡ֣ȷᱻԴ걬
ȻҲûʲô˵ģǱ걬ʵ
ͬʱǶԴ֣Ҳͬǳڴ
ڴţΪμǡ֣



һǧʮ ٶеƬͷĻ
ǡ
ӡ᯸˶ڼġμǡӾҲʮֹע
ȻѾġμǡϵеӰҲͬע
ȥӰԺе29Ӱ˶ڵӰۻĸߵġ
ͬһ29Ӱ֮˶ԵӾڴ
ȻڵӾҪԶԣҲ֮ǰˡ
ӵİ칫
᯸˵μǡӾϾҪˣ˹עģȻݵôİߺޣȻѡеģָ൱ڴ
ӵȷڴ˽30汾ǰǵ۹Ѿˣ޵ҪĹڣҲûôס
᯸ͷȷôףỹǺܴģĿԴɡʵ˵Ǻڴ
ЦãĿԴҲĺڴ

ڡμǡӾ磬ǳ˶ǳڴڴɮʦͽݵôҲڴΪμǡ֡
һڵʱ䣬ǹ÷ǳ졣
ܿ͵831һ졣
7㣬롶μǡײһСʱʱ䡣
ʱ䣬Ҳӡʼʱ䣬ܶϰ߿ӵġҲкܶˣϲ
Ȼ⣬ܶƽʱϲˣҲ˵ӣѡһƵ
ѾȲģҪμǡӾˡ
һСʱʱ䣬Ѿʼ˵ʱǷǳָо
ͬʱҲ۵߳
ȵˣȵˣڵȵˡڿҶþûˡ
ҲڿҲþûˡ
ڴƬͷ֪ᴴһĸ
ʲô֪϶ֻһ׾䡣
ÿɮʦͽУ϶ֻճˡ޵ôǽֵùעĵط

һ飬һ߿š
˵עûڡϣʱҪ7룬ʱһ˵ע˱˷ܺͼ
ẓ́ܶģħƷμǡıͬӾ硶μǡڽ˵㿪ʼ̨һƵӭտþִޡԻݣָ㡣
Ǵ˵еġˡ
ţ˷ܡͬʱָ̾ѣ͡μǡӰʵ̫ˡ
ɴҲɼӶⲿӾӣȻڡһԤ档
ȻԤֻ̣ܶ仰¶ţƵԤ棬еĵӾĽֺޡ
ԤһϵոǼңԽⲿӾ磬ȻԽ˷ܡ
μǡӾ飬ӵܿʼÿһλԱÿһλԱ޲ѡ
֮ǰ룬һӾײȻܹһ׵ġ
ҡء֣ࡢ˿ˣҲЩп
᯸ӶҲ̾һ䡣
һƵ귿۾ҲһӹȻǳ͸
ڶӰӹ˾Ӿ絼ݣԱǿˣĽּʣֹһͨĵӾҲ̫
ȻҲһЩ޺޵ɣɣԽߣˤԽݣ
ЩҪôǺоԹҪôɼޣšμǡӾ˴ʧ
ǵ뷨Ҳȫûпܡ
Ԥ棬Ȼ˷ܺͼ֮УҲὫǵڴֵøߡ
ܹùǼΪģڹƾͲˣֻܴﵽĳ̶ȡ
ĻһԤ棬ǺǻͲ˵ˡ
ңֿƺС
Щ޺޵ˣ뵽ֿԲСʱ࣬ЩֻģſμǡӾּ
ֿԣЩ޺޵ܹ뵽ҡ֣ࡢ᯸ӵˣȻҲܹ뵽
ڸпֶ֮࣬һ˿ǡ
ȻܡԤһǣվ˷ܺͼġ
ϵգڡ֮µĸ߳
һЩԭûд㿴μǡˣˡ֮Ҳһˡ
ԽԽڴУʱڵϰ˵
ĿġμǡӾײڿʼ
˾Ϊ˷ܶЩţɴ۾ֱŵӻĻ
ӻ棬Ǻڵװ֣ûּ򵥵Ľһ£μǡԭߡݵ
ֻʧĻһμǡƬͷĵһ棬ڵǰ
һѵĻ棬ãã󺣵һĸɽϣһʯѣһʯŸֱ
еĹڶ֪ճʱĳʱյİܹ࣬óյĻűĺëǳ鶯
Ӿù鼤ֻһٶеģˡˡˡˡƬͷĻ
еĹһ޵



һǧʮһ Ȼûи
ĿġμǡӾڿһٶеġˡźճʱѣƬͷĻ
ֻһ󼤵Ǽ١еġˡû˵ļ䣬˲份ϵÿϸѪҺʡ
ֻһǾǡˬ
ͨڲ֪֣ͨʲôģֻŷǳˬڶ룬⿪ͷӦһֹģټϵֶɣûеЧȻǿҡ
еипֵһ˵ƷƬͷŸոտʼӵʱ䣬ǾѾķڷˡ
ķڷƬͷڼ
ոճգ˼ֱ̤һƴ
ʱ򣬹ܹǿյİˣݣë׹죬ϡŵȷЩֱȺҪÿࡣ
ΪͷʼûԹǿò̫
ѾеĹ۾ˣ֪ΪΣܸо
Щûеָоȴʵڵġ
뻭ͬеģȻ֡
ӵ8ӿʼֵĶ̳£ǳǿĵӺ𽥳֡
ٰ漸̶ٵġˡӴֳ֡
Ȼǵ籴˾Удֿ
ͨĹȻֻ÷ǳˬڶ˵У¶˾֮ɫ籴˾Ҳںϵô
ڵ籴˾֮󣬺Ȼ֣һеľ֮ɫѾԽԽŨҡ
ֲ֣ͬȻܹںϣңЧ˵ĺá
һμȾ塣
ʱʶһ⣬Ǿǣ׸ûиʡ
⡭
ȻҲøʣһ˵һ⵱ո˵
˶֪Ʒ֮⣬ҲǷǳҪɲ֣ÿһ׸ĸʣƾ䡣
ʡںϣһֱƷ˾Ҫԭ
ǶȻҲʮڴ⡶μǡƬͷĸʡ
ȴ˭֪ƬͷȻûиʡ
ûиʣǾζŸеУҪĶֱֻ
Ѷɱиʣ֪Ҫ϶ٱ
еˣеǳĲ˼飬ΪԼΪóĸʴһ̫ǵľ
ȻһûиʵĸɹıˣҪжܱƷζ
ôûиʵĸΪеľ䣬Ƕһ޶Ĵڡ
һ־޴ðպս
ǰʮðպսƺѾɹˡ
Ȼֻ
е˫۷Ź⣬һġͨͨ˷ܡڴЩţ
ڼ֤һףһ޶ľ
еͨ˵ûô뷨ˡ
Ҳûʶ׸ûиʡ
˵׸ʮˬʹУѾ˸ôһ¶
ǶҲܹûиʵĸȷѾɹˡ
ٵĿǰΪֹǳɹġ
ȻһԭǾ͹ǻҪȥݡ
20뿪ʼ36֮ǰһЩ򶷵Ļ棬յ沿ϸɿ򶷵Ķȴ۾
̧֡ȡȵȣһǿҵĸеգʥķɡ
մ򶷵ĶУһݵļһֳֻǹǬȦ籣̤֣˧
˧װˣȻ߸ˡ
߸ĳ֣еĹڶһϲ˷ܡ
ּ
36ʱֺͻ涼һ䡣
Զ棬һΡ룬ǰһ̨ף̨׺ܳ¶ϡ
һλֳȣģͷ¬ñɮˣ̨׻ϣᶨȡ
ԶԶȥֻܿɮ˻ϵıӰ棬еĹڶ֪ɮ
˿̵Ļ棬Ӧټǰ
ʱüϽɳֵıнеĴ֣͸ЧɵӺ
ɮᶨ̨׶ϵӰϡ
Ӿϣֽϣһּµܡ
ܣеͨǣڶûʶһ⡣
Ǿǣ׸赽ڶûиʣȻ͸ûСˡ
еипûиʵĸѾԽԽðպսѾɹˡ
֮󣬻滻칬֮ϡ
һ칬һƬ֣ͨҲͬ֡
ͨϣƿɹ̬䡣
еĹһЦ֪͵ˣĸʢҺ͵ʢϵɹ죬Ѿˡ



һǧʮ ȻͬЧ
̬䣬еĹǶһЦһοǰĸòᡣ
ֵ51ӵʱ򣬱Ȼ칬֮ϣͬĵ֡
ֻǻϵǣѾ̬գһλ衣
Ӻ赸Ҳһ鼫ľͷ
ӻ϶Ҳλӣڹǻ֪𰸡
ȻⲢҪҪǣڹ˵һּӾܡ
ӵ裬ִ51뿪ʼˡ~~~ŮӺ
أϵñȽϳǳĿ飬ǴӼԶĵطȻͣ˵Ժþò
칬ŵӣټϿԶŮӺʹͷ⾳гΨҲƺƻõɾ֮С
ŮӺںϵģǼSoloSoloϵŮӵĺеøԶͿ顣
ƻõĸоҲӵǿҡ
һȫҲ̲סİо
⡰~~~ŮӺֱ֮ʣһƻõΨֵ쾡¡
е˷ܺͼ
ֺͻ16ʱŮӺʧһαüżϳֵĹ
ҲһλΪգȻһ̬ģ̫Ͼİ¯תȦ
ԣں̫֮ϾĶʹһ͵̫Ͼɵ
ĹڣԡμǡʮֵϤֻҪһƬΣǾܹ֪ƬǰĹ¡
֮һڵĻ棬еĹ֪ӦǷյ¹ְڼ顣
ȥ122ʱ򣬻ٱ䡣
ͬһλ裬ֻһĵص㻻ˣΧҲ˰Ů͵ı͡
һҲûŮӺȡ֮һֽ֣ɶı䣬һͺ
ͨǲֵ֪ĳ֣ڶ˳
ƬͷѾ־壬ڽֵĳֻ֣ҡͷЦ
ǱΪѾ˽ӣڲ֪һ꣬ǧҪĽۡ
Ϊʱµܺ֡
ʱе˶ѾȷûиʵƬͷΪһ޶ľ䡣
ֺͻ138ʱ򣬡~~~ŮӺһγ֡
һ֮ǰһΣ˺ܴĲͬ
Ǳֲ֮ͬǰǼSoloSoloĽϣһš
ֳˣеֻ̾һȻ
ȻͬŮӡ~~~ĺһŵĸоȴԵĲһһҪĶȻҲһˡ
ͨĹȻ֪һŮӺı֣ΪţóһŮӺ֮ǰһŮӺһ
ŲһоȻҲһˡ
ٽ棬ָо͸ǿˡ
֮ǰĻ棬һλƫƫ裬һΣϦ£ɮȻеļӰ档
Уӳߵƶ䣬·ϣɮУȫò˺ֻһƬļӰ
ټϱֺŮӺһֲȼį֮Уܹ˸ܵȡ·ϵĲɣ
ͬʱӰеɮֱǰһȣһ֣Уϵı΢΢ܹǳԵĸоɮеȻ
Ƿ·ܹɮϵı飬Ȼᶨ
ŮӺһֲȼį֮УȴƫƫܹɮȻ
뻭ϣһַǳЧУеĹһ˲䣬оܵ˾޴ĳǿҵĹ
ɮеļӰ֮һıֺŮӺȴǻããĴ֮ϡ
˻ɾĻŰߵʯˮĽ
ããĴ֮УһӰҡһҶ񷤣ǰС
ӰͬǼӰòеĹڶ֪ա
ҪƮȥʦѧա
ͷԽԽԶҡ񷤵ӰԽԽСһƲбںϣԵøӵĿտȡ
ҡһҶ񷤳ļӰͷ֮ǰɮеļӰͷ֮ͬ
~~~ŮӺΪı֣龵ͷӪüУùǲǿҵĹ
еˣʱһξ̾
ͬǡ~~~ŮӺŲͬı֣ͬĵӻ棬ȴ˽ȻͬЧ
ǲòһξ̾֮ſֲ˹



һǧʮ Ƭͷ
еĹΪӰͷеǿҵĹеˣһξ̾
Ƭͷڼ29ʱٴλصŵɣּϳ֡
ͷ״ͬʱˣɮʦͽ˵Ӱ
һƬ֮Уǣǰ棬ɮϣ˽þųݶҸں棬ɳɮŵ
ͷȽԶ̫ʦͽ˵ģеĹȴһ˷ܣڿˣ˽ɳɮӰ
ԶԶȥ˽ͷ·ɫаױߣʮֵĿ·һ˦һ˦˽·̬ԵΪĺ̬䡣
ɳɮԼΪⵣŵӣԶԶȥ࣬ŨüۣһͲϹŵһǳۡ
ʦͽò͵ȸ죬һȴǼΪĺгǣŵ·ڽ¡
ſɣϼϳֵĴ֣ܹǳĸܵʦͽ˲¼裬ηһ·ǰȻ
뻭ϣеĹǳ׵ĳС
ּ224ʱ򣬶̶ĴSoloֹ֣кϳĵ
̶ʮֵĶУһ
ͷҲʮֵ˼˽ͷɫϲĸͷһȥ˫͵ǰһҪסǰĹ
ȻͻȻʧ˽䱧һա
еĹڲĻһЦ֪˽ײ飬ĸĸϱ
ϧﶼ˽עֻܱա
ʮĹ˽һȴյĻ棬һĪϲС
һͬеһİо
˽ײľͷ֮龵ͷ
칬ϣһλһλʾõ콫һ˦Ťͷ
Ȼյ𹿰
龵ͷҲͬ˼
һ龵ͷһ峿ͷŸոĳ£ӭųǰ
ǿģӭųǰıӰӰ
ܿ죬ɮбӰӰҲھͷУȻӭųǰ
֮ɳɮŵӵıӰӰ˽翹ųݶңڰڵıӰӰͬȺھͷ
ʦͽӭųǰӰھͷԽԽԶмΪǿҡ
϶̶Ĺиӵǿҡ
ʦͽˣӭµһճһ̤ȥ;
ǡμǡ磬еĹܣڿˣġμǡӰƷ
ɮʦͽˣӭųǰľͷ240ʱ򶨸Ȼʧ
ֵ240ʱ򣬼Ĺʧֽβ׶Ρ
253ʱֺͻȫʧշηḻɫʸӵƬͷ˽
ƬͷμǡӾһʽʼ
ȻܶĹǻƬͷûлع
ǲ֣ǲ֪Ƭͷ˶ܣ˶
ֻ֪ƬͷղܣٽƬͷ棬˳С
ʱûע⵽һ⣬ǾƬͷûиʣûиеֻǵշ֡
ееԭΪƬͷȻûиʣȴչʾˣҪк⾳иʣչʾûҪ
ûиʣȴʤиʡ
ȻˣûʶƬͷûиʣҲͲˡ
ȻҲֻʱûʶ⣬Ǻܿͻʶˡ
Ѿ㹻˵ƬͷĲе˼Ⱦ塣
Ѿܹٷ֮ٵȷƬͷΪһ޶ľ䣬ǰûйˣֻҲߡ
ԼҲ޷ٴĸ
׸ֵ֡֡֡֡ܽһ𣬸Թݡáֹġ籴˾ȶϡ
ʹӺμǡĹΪһ壬дһһǰģη
ִں֮ḻ֮֮׼̾ΪֹԵǰ޹˺ߡ
е˸пǧǿһ׾ԵΨжĤݡ
еڶĤݣеĹҲʶˣƬͷȻûиʡ
ԲۣǵĵһӦ
ôոյȷо׸ƺЩ̫һڲŷ֣ȻûиʡҲ̫˰ɣƬͷֱ˰
ͨƬͷҷǳԵĸˣɮʦͽ·ϵĲɣҲܵʦͽˣһ·ļᶨġԭΪΪʵԭ򣬵Ҹոһ¸ʵݣȴҶԸʸûʲôӡһ䶼벻һЩ֣Ÿո꣬ôһʶ벻ڲ֪ôĸûиʣܻŹ֡ûиʵĸȴҲиʵĴ׸ˡ
ôҲһҲһ¸ʣͻȻ֣ȻûиʡûиȴܱôУֱоиһȷˣ




һǧʮ ŵǣ
μǡƬͷ֮󣬺ܶĹڶҪһ¸ʵݡ
һ䣬ǲȻ֣ƬͷȻûиʡ
ûиʣȴƫƫΪиʣھ֮࣬޲׷׸̾Ƭͷ档
ʣƬͷΪƷУһ׷ǳľƷ
ǻϸĻζһƬͷһѾʼǲòʱƬͷ£עϡ
ãã󺣱ߣİʯѣʯ
ЩںͳǶѾǳϤڣȻü˷ܺͼ
Ϊǿ֮ǰʮӰУȫͬ
ȻƬͷжγ֣Ϊͷԭ򣬹ʼûϸĿյģ
ڣڿˡ
ճ֮ں˷ܵϷˣеĹǣȫһ֮ǰȫͬա
ǰࡢǱݳĸоȫĲͬ
һյϣ˺Ӱӣ֣ΩΩФ˵ĸо־ԲȫǺϻܸܵ˵Ӱӡ
ǺҲˣˣǺһַǳĸо
ָоеĹȷţգһֱ
֮ǰҵĿûдӾްݵһһ汾õ⣬ͽ顣
ڣӾĵһȻŸոտʼĹǶΪѾǸⲻˡ
õգȷǵӾްݵա
еĹȫ˷ܶһǹڡݣΪ˵Ӱ桶ӳûпԭС˵ĹڣѾǳϤݡ
Ȼýζ᲻գһ۾ްݵջö飬۾һת㽫ݵľ֡
յĸо
ȥʦѧյ;УһֵС߽һݣѧ˼ҵ桢ڣ޾տݼֵ뾡£еĹЦղܡ
ѧһλϹ٣һ档
֮ѧϹٵӣһ˫УȻϴ˴ûѧÿӣһסӣһ棬Ϊ̫ˣòվϡ
֮ϹѧϹٵӣÿպһŽͷϳԴֱ˦
һϵеڣ޽ձݵΩΩФľ֣еĹ޲̾޾տݼ
ȻеҲ֪һлŷǳеĹϵȫ˺־տıݡ
տĹǼϲ
֮ľ飬еĹҲͬѾǳϤƮ˼ش󺣣ڵбǶʦΪʦ
ʦѧһı֮ʦȴͻȻմȥ
кᣬİݱʦ龰޵ıȻտֲ⡢ݵʮֵλ̲סʪ
ʱ򣬻涨񣬵һݵ
ûˣеĹǶһƣˬأô˵ûûأ
֮еĹƺͻȻʲôȫֳʮڴɫ
ͨĹˣе˸ˣе˷ܺڴ֮ɫͨĹǸӵǿҡ
뵽ʲô
Ƭβ
һӾƬͷȻҲƬβڵһĻ涨񣬾缯ݲɣǽģȻӦƬβˡ
ͨĹڴһ˸ӵڴ
ƬͷƾôƬβأҲͬ
һ㵹ƺûɣΪƬβҲԲٵȻҲͬˡ
ΨһǣƬβ᲻иʣ
˶⣬ǻûȷԼĴ𰸣ƬβɾѾʼ
˾һ񣬲ȥûиʵ⣬Ҳܿͻ
еȫƬβɣƬβϣҪƬβ
ɸһʼ߿мĹ֣ƬͷЩЩƣֲһƬβΪŨ
֮󣬼ĹʧֵĽøΪ졢
ӻֳֽ𹿰ǰ棬˽翹ųݶңһǣں棬ɳɮŵʦͽ˰ɽˮһ·ǰߵϣڶӭµճ
ʱһ峺յĸ
ŵǣ
ӭճϼ

֮ǰ˴𰸣Ƭβиʣɮʦͽˣǣһ·ϡ



һǧʮ ·ںη
Ƭβĵһʳʱ֮ǰ룬ȴûüó𰸵⣬˴𰸣Ƭβиʡ
ŵǣӭճϼʮֵǡ󣬼ûеӻĻ棬ֻʣеĹǣҲܹǳĿϦ£ϼУĵ·ϣ˽ǣŰɳɮŵӣʦͽһ·ǰе龰
ɸ߿⾳ֺ䣬ʡںϣƷ˳ĵط
ݳߵĸ峺մǵ͵峪ڹǵĶУʮֵ
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ռֳֳ

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һ䡰̤ƽɴɮʦͽһ·ηգɽԽ룬ˮڣ֣ǰ̤ƽճһƬ̹;龰д쾡£üΪ׼
ռֳһ˵ȡ֮·ļ벻ףҲܹǳĿա˽䡢ɳɮֵܣһ·նħ龰
һ֣֡ɮʦͽˣѾ֪³˶ٴΣȱ˼ǳֳ࣬ʦͽ˴Ӳ¼ѣٶļѣҲҪֳ
һֹֻۡ۲ӡֱǰĶ̬ȡ
һ˵ɮʦͽˣֹֻۡ۲ӡֱǰĶÿһ˶Ҫģܶ˶ǳǷȱ
һʣܶĹ˼һ˷׷׸̾һ俴Ʒǳͨĸʣȴ˶ĶˮƽȻܼ
һʴŸ߿ֺɣ߳
ԽԽ߿ƺܹоɮʦͽ˵鲻ԽԽ߿ʸǴǵﳪ
ǻֹۣԽԽ߿ĸҥǰٵĹǣ鲻Խĸͳ
һﶬģһǸĸ貿֣ҲǸĸ߳֡
һﶬģɮʦͽˣѾȡ·ϣ߹һһ꣬ﶬϵĽ֣ʦͽȴȻ·ϡ
߿һ֣͵һֵߣ»ܹǳĸܵɮʦͽڻܽУҲŵ͸̾
߹һһ꣬һһ
ô·ںη
·ںηһʳеĹڶ˼𰸡
ƺѻشʦͽǰݷ󾭡
ô·Ȼ
شȻûдģеĹǶΪҵȷĴ𰸣һʣ϶ص⣬𰸾·
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ֻǣ·ڽ¡
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еĹǻȻ򣬶ԵģԵģ·Ӧڽ£ûеﲻ˵ĵطԶ·;ڽ¡
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ƬβѾӻ￪ʼŹ棬Ȼţ·ںη·ڽ¡һʡ
ġ·Ȼָֻɮʦͽ˵֮·ָÿһǰ·Լ֮·
ʱԼԼǰ·Ӧʲôӵģ
Լѻش𣬱˸ѻشûܹ׼ȷԤ⵽δ·Լ
δ·ڽһһ߳ģҪ֪Լδ·ôҪͷԼµ·
Ȼ·ڽ£Ǿͽ̤ʵصģһһӡȥջջ
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ģЩ˼Ĺڻعڡ·ڽ¡⣬һʱܹȫģԶҲ벻
ȻˣǱʱȥ룬ǰѾַŻصˡμǡӾ籾ϡ
һƬͷĵһͷʼƬβһͷѾ׵Ľˡ
ֻһеĹǶѾԵţμǡӾ磬͡μǡԭС˵һΪ䣬֮ߵͬˡ
ƬͷƬβҲ൱䣬ݵҲͬǾ䣬ĵӾƷעΪеľ䡣
еĹǣһߵŵڶĿʼһ鲻ֹڶǣҲЩȲģ΢ϷˣԡμǡӾĿ
ڶּǣҲһĤݵķʽ΢ϷˣԼƬͷƬβ



һǧʮ Ȳ
μǡӾһ֮Ĺ鲻ֹ
ڶǣҲЩȲ΢ϣ˶ԡμǡӾĿ
᯸д׼μǡӾ绹ǸҾϲްݵռΪɫ⽫󡣵ȻƄݵʦҲͬǳɫһԱȺԱҲͬɫܹܵ飬ⲿӾ磬ҷǳܹһӾ֡
дȣյİǰʵʵΣյ۾ʮ鶯񾼾Ͷ䣬·̬ϣǶܷǳԵĿӰӣ־ԲֻǺգŷǳԵ𣬺ޱݵգһʮֵλҪ˵һ汾ãȷǺްӾĪ
дոտμǡӾһƬͷĵһʼƬβһȫʼնʮϸ۾գʣ⽫һǳĵӾ磬ڴʼĵڶ
дϵܵġμǡӾڿˣһֻ֮һоġμǡлϵܣлܣлݵգлƄݵʦлÿһλԱÿһλԱлΪǴˣμǡһӾ硣
Ԫдޣ൱ľޣμǡӾ粻ûãȴʧҴ˾ԵľϲƬͷƬβ缯ȫǾϲ

ڶǣ׷Լ΢дЩ֮һЩˣҲ΢϶ƬͷƬβ
ǵǼģһĤݵĿ
ϦдμǡƬͷ֮ҵ޷ƽһǰ޹ˣֻҲûߵķǳҽܹں֡֡ŵֵ֡֡ܣʹ˵֡ݡá١ӡֹġӹġ籴˹ȶȫշηḻɫʸӣһ׾֮ţҵʵ
ȺдƬͷ硢ΰ׳ۣ顢㻳𺳡顢ãասԻ󡢹ȵʮַḻݡʽںϣﵽһּߵľ磬ϲе£ôΪ
Ԫ˶дƬͷûиʣŮӺŮӺ֮ʣһƵ칬֮ϣ裬ɣڶɮļӰԼҡ񷤳ļӰֺ룬˷𷨵ĺΰׯϡƣȴŸԲͬ⾳İо
д·ںηһ״ʡںϵƷɸ߿⾳ֺ䣬ֹۡ۲ӡںϣ쾡µȡ·ϵļѣʦͽ˰۲أռٳĺ顣ֽʾһɡ̬ȣζһ
ԴдƬͷƬβƾԵμǡӾǵĸȻֻףҾţ֮ľ缯һжײڵȥ͡ѾǳȲˡ

ңˣǸոշ΢ܿĹǿ֮ԵüΪ˷ܣ۲ֹ
ǷǳϲǵĵԽǾԽ˷ܡ
Ǽ˷ܵʱ򣬡μǡӾڶʽʼ
ĵƬͷٴͨڣңֻЩˣȫǾǰеȫһƬͷУǳܡ
һΣƺִƬͷУһЩһβȫͬĸܡ
ÿһζвͬĸܣеĹڲòٴθпһӡ
缯ݣеĹҲͬѾǳϤǻȻýζ

˳ǡ
˳ҲͬڿһףڲġμǡӾ硣
һˣ΢һЩ⡣
Ǳ֮ǰڱĹ㳡ϱʱȥޱݵЩˡ
һ죬ܡˣȥޱݵĹ㳡޼˾飬յʱ򣬺ΧΧ۵һԼǾǵȵμǡӾӳʱҪڵĻϣһοޱݵա
ҪһǸʱ򣬺ޱݵգûʲô
ڣμǡӾʽӳҲ˵ӻǰһο˺ޱݵա
ӫĻϣޱݵգˣͱˣΪݵյĸоǳ׵Ĳһˡ
ӫĻϵգѾȫûˣڹ㳡ϱʱӰӣǻܹǳĸоǾǺޱݵա
ֻǣӫĻϵѾü޵յ룬ʵ֡
˳ǣӴ˵һλ
Ϊ޸еˣ޶



һǧʮ ѡ޴
μǡڶڲŵУ˳һЩ֮⣬һЩڣҲͬΪ⡣
磬29μǡӰľԱݡݡеԱȣҲȫڿμǡӾ硣
ڵӾ粥֮ǰϴ˶˵ӾɮʦͽˣԽеĵӰ汾Ϊõɮʦͽˡ
˵һڵݡԱǣȻûоʹ˱̬кܶﻹһЩġ
ǵݺյİߣǿĵӾ磬ҲδؾͻǸãΪǵĵӰѾǳˡ
ϵĴˣڻûпӾ£ĽۣȻΪʧȥ˻ж
ЩŵȵӾ粥֮ٿЩֻ˵
ȻڡμǡӾһող֮ǾͲòϣϵĴȼ֮֮ǰĹ۵ȷȷģμǡӾɮʦͽˣȷԽеĵӰ汾
ԶԶԽ
ȻڽճɴѾܹȷɮ˽䡢ɳɮˣҲͬԶԶԽӰ汾
ȻⲢ˵29μǡӰû˼ֵǵļֵȻ䡣
ΪӾǵӾ磬ӰǵӰӰǡμǡӰӶԪҪֶΣÿһ汾ԼĿ㡣
μǡӰȻҲһ㣬ǲɥǵĵӰֵɣڽҲȻῴ
ɮʦͽ˰汾ʤ̭Ѿȫķڷ֪ǵĵӰ汾Ӿ汾ȴΪ䡣

ʱڹμǡӾڶĻڶ񣬵ڶ
ŵǣһ
еĹһֻ꣬ʣһƬβˡ
ܿ죬ƬβҲˣġμǡӾ糹׵ûˡ
еĹֲᣬҪٴǼĵƬͷֻܵȵϵİ˵ȥˡ
ȴ޿κΡ
ϣڡμǡӾ飬׵Ĵﵽ˸߳
Ӿһգ۾ûˣÿʵ̫ÿˣںһƬͷһǡˡˡҾ˷ܡ
ҲǣֻǿϧҪ˵㣬һˡ
ʣӾգð汾գ֮ǰһЩ˵һôЩѾķڷ˰ɣ
ǿ϶ѾķڷˣΪӣѼӲǲǾûа취ˡ
ҿûУһ΢ۡμǡӾ˷ǳ࣬һЩмⲿӾӰ󡣡
ΪμǡԭӰ̫󣬵Ӿ֮£Ҳȷĵþ䡣
ƬͷƬβҲܶ࣬ǶһĤݵ̬ֱּˡ
˵֣˵μǡӾеĸ϶ֹƬͷƬβ֮϶кüײڵǣ൱ڴѽ

ҵۣͨǵۣԡμǡӾ綼Ǹ
֮ǰһЩΪӾɮʦͽˣδؾͻȸӰõЩˣʱҲ׵Ϣˡ
ȻǺѼӲģȥһվûȥô˴ǶټӲҪ˵ɵˡ
ԣֻѡϢġ

μǡӾԱŴʱ˿˴ǵۣǵ飬޲Ե˷ܲѡ
˷ܣ֮ǰ룬һĳһ֮ߵĵӾ磿
Ӵֻ֮һĬĬŵĵݡ
Ρ˷ܣȻֻǸݣμǡӾ˵ĳɹҲܹעҲΪУǳҪһʡ
һʣһλͻΪݣһ֪Ȳ͵ĵӾ硣
˷ܣݵճɹˣ֮ǰʵˣʵֵʱ䣬Զ֮ǰΪҪöࡣ
˶ĸм;η
ԻҲͬ˷ܣѾȲģҪǿݵĽɫˡ
ǱֻǺԱҪһˡ
һھгݽɫԱǣǶߡߵĴԱһûԱҲͬ˷ܡ
Ȼݣһ˾ĵӾгݽɫѾǳ͸еˡ
̫׽һǵĶ߾ţ΢΢һЦ֪ѡһġ
Ϊ߾ǣȥһϷݺٵĽɫЩԽݣ֪μǡӾ磬һͨĵӾ磬ܹ̫׽һǣѾǳˡ
ԣڵԾ죬һֵʱ俼ǣȴֻӵʱʹӦ
ڣʵ֤ѡǾȷġ
ݵ̫׽ǣڵڶѾõйǵĹ㷺ע͸߶ۡ
μǡӾ糹׳Ϊʱ潫ӡǣ⽫ԱУŨīزʵһʡ
ʮãһ˵ȴʮ⡣
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΢Ϲ˲ͶԡμǡӾѡԱɡ
ŵӾĳЧǿ⣬ɫţݵ̫׽ǣǺԺ
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Ȼڣʵ֤ŵѡǾȷģԶѡȴ൱޴ġ
ԶĽֺޣȻҲȵĺڡ
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һҪɫԱһȫѲݣԱùܹĺǽӴǽһΪμǡӾҲΪлǶԡμǡӾ֧֡
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΢Ϣһ߳ԺӣϪˮȥ
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˵СӵġμǡӾ絹ȷûʧƬͷƬβӣҲͬôһ¶
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ԣÿ̨Եȷ㹻
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˵ЦţϵĻɵҲΪϪˮ߳һȻĳ档
ʱе׼ɣָˣʽʼ㡢зһЩغζûҪ裬Բ
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ɫѾЩˣҰ˽
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顢СѾͷҡء֣ࡢԼӡӡȰ칫ԱҲ뿪Ϫˮߡ
˺óһʱϪˮߣָƽ



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ȻܷģôʱĶӡӡˣѾǵģǵѾǳǿˣũׯľ
ҲܹʲôҲܣңڵԭ

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ӣǻԲԷ
ͷҪԣ֣ϡϷҲҪ
ֶСѾͷ˵Ѿͷȥϰ֡һԷ
СѾͷŶһСųԺӡ
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Ӧһʳĺܶ࣬һҲ⡣
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СѾͷҲýζʵһʺ׶ε˿ĵӾ磬ʹһ㣬ⲿӾԳΪˡ
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ˣӾҲˣԺϢһһʳ
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ʱѾ磬˸˯ʱϴ֮˷䡣
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ûгȥΪӦ˽Ҫһרãӹרá
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˵С˵ߣдԽ˲ƷǹӹԼҲӦ޷дԽ˲Ʒˡ
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ڣкϢӹһýרá
רõʱ䣬ڽľŵ㡣



һǧٰʮ עڴִ
ӹһýרõϢһ˾ôʱˣܹ֪ӹϢˡ
һεרãϽֱ˶ܹϹۿ
רÿʼ֮ǰʿߡԡ౨־ı༭һЩң۹ӹһεרһ¡
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ǵȵӹרˣϣӹС˵ܹԽ˲ֻϣӹܹдС
ҷģŹӹ󻹻С˵ġӹС˵ܵȷ̫ˣһС
ҲΪУӹҪС˵Ļ϶ǰǵģ׼
ǹӹ󻹻дҲ̫ˣܹ϶ģνһһˣҺúϧɡ
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ȷˣڣǻϧӹƷɡ


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֮ӹС˵϶̫ˣǺúõϧӹѾΪƷɡ
ǰȷӦúúõϧϣٶдɡ


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һ˵࣬ӹרþҪʼˣһεרÿνĿ˵͸©ƷϢ𣿡
ӦûᣬȻרã㷺ע⣬Ӧǻ͸¶ġ룬᲻ʲôʱС˵
С˵һһϣһЩӣ˺һƬ֮󣬲˵ΪټС˵Ҳˣ𣿡
ͷӦܹ϶˲һӹС˵ٴδﵽ۷壬ΪûбҪټдȥʱͻʵġ
һЩӣ벻ӹôҪС˵ˡ

ʱѧί칫ҡ
貨ˣҲͬڹעʼģӹרá
裬˵ӹС˵𣿡
貨ӦûģҲٴɣӦòʹ˷ʡ
ǡ˲Ѿ׵۷壬ӹֻܴƷأǶ֪ӹΪ˴ҲȥѾдĶΪѾûбҪټдȥʱʱһѡʵġ
貨ӹٴƷͲö֪ˡϾǹӹС˵ţˣҲǰС˵һˣûܹ֪һƷʲôӵģ
ͷ⵹Ҳǣܹµ뷨ҲͲǹӹˡһҶרãӵĺڴˡϣרϣΪ͸¶һЩصϢ
貨ЦЦ˵ҲǳĺڴſɣϾҪʼˡ

֮ǰΪӹʹ˷С˵Լ෴۵˫ʱҲչңҲִ
ӹרϾͿʼˣǿŰɣӹ϶һεרϣʹ˷С˵ģȻ󹫲ԼƷ͡ʵ˵ҶԹӹƷͣЩڴ
У˵ʾͷʰӹֱС˵ƷģҲٴһƷǿ϶ģӹֲдµƷˡ
ǵȻ֪ӹܼдƷԹӹʵдʮϰٲƷҲһֵ顣ǻûеĵֲһֱءӹѡƷΪдƷˣΪѾûбҪټдȥˡΪЩģдģѾдˣԼȥдһЩظĶֻҵġǲ׵ġ
˭˵ǲˣ˭˵ӹѾдģдĶдˣֻΪѣӹţ϶ҵµĸдģдģ˵дһƬأĿ⣬֪ɶ
Ŀ⣿ˣٺ֮רϾҪʼˣǵȻ֪Լˡ
ǻٺأǾ͵ſӹרðɣʱǻ֪Ǵ˵ġ
Ǿƺˡ
ĿԴ




һǧٰʮ һȫµС˵д
˫ִ£һִˡ
Ϊܿ죬ӹרŷþҪʼ˫ִҲ˴𰸡
˹עڴ֮£ʱ9㡣
ɷùӹýĶɷüӣһɰƯӡ
ɷȴصĹӹЩţڲɷ֮ǰ˹Σȫ˽˹ӹȫƷռһЩΪĵ⡣
רͨQDʽȻֱѾ˹ӹQDţЩ˷ܡڴģڹӹQDϸϣһЩõϢ
ȴ˷ǳźӹ˵QDʲôûУͼƬûһţǸտQDš
죬ֹ˼䡣
ʱ䵽9㣬Ӵʮ־񣬰Ѿ׼õĵһ仰˹ӹ
ӹãĶļߣӡǳлӹһεר󣬽ʹŹӹˡ
ӹظúܿ죬ֿɰӣҲǳлԸҽרá
ӹظӵͻȻһɣҲûôˣӹӹ䡣
ңӹ˵ֿɰӣаϲϢллӹӹô֪ӣһɰȻʵ
ֻǣһ仰ȥ֮ͽһ䡰ӴͻȻʶ仰ʵúܲԡ
ϢѾȥˣصĻԵøûòӺڼӦβһ£
ӹϢȴǺַܿ˹Ϊܹоõһֿɰӡ
ӹϢѾ˹ҲͲټ벹ȵĻˡ
ңӹԵĲûвãشҲûΣӳһ΢΢һ졣
ֻרãӹ͹ڶȻҪߺ
ʥ壬΢΢һЦڻôȵļߣѵá
ϣǿӵĻҲȻʧЦôȣôɰȥߣĺ
ӵһ£΢Щҵ͹ӹΪһרûֱѹۿӻŹӹǻһ¡
һ󻥶֮ʵӹ˵˲۷Ʒͬ˵𣿡
ӹص˵˲ȷҵ۷Ʒ
ֵǹӹԼҲ޷дԽ˲Ʒ𣿡
ӹص˵ҲûдҵȷдԽ˲Ʒˡ
ӹһشйۿרõ˶һϣȻҲΪģڹӹ׿˵ˣͲһˡ
ѵӹҪʹ˷ˣ
ӵҲʣ룬ʵôӹС˵𣿡
ӹصᰡûʹ˷С˵Ȼˡ
⡭ӺеĹֶһϣ˵ĺеӡ
ӹĻشɡ⣬Ӻ͹ȴǷǳȫ룬ⲻΪҪרõĻᣬС˵
ӹһش𣬵֮ǰ۵ú׵⣬˴𰸣ӹʹ˷ʡ
ֹ֧ӹʵһȻ˷ܵùЦ
ôôɵ˰ɣ˰ɣ˰ɣ˵˹ӹʹ˷ʣǻƫƫš
ղŻһĵӣ֪Լ˰ɣ

һȻʹ㵡
ȻĲС˵ⲻܰһƷд

ӹһƷдǴʱ˶ǳĵ⡣
Ȼһ㣬˵ӹ˵룬кܶ˶һûϣӹʹ˷С˵ӹһڿ϶֪ǾһƷд
ӹصܼ򵥣һַȥд
һַ񣿡ӺеĹﶼɻ󣬡һַʲô˼
˵ӹһַӦ⣿
ӹ⼸仰˵ܵ˵Ǻ֮ǰƷдȫһ
˵дȫһӹǴ¿һ֣ȫµС˵𣿡
ӹûһֱ˼һ⣬С˵׻ɲбдȷˣбд
ӵԹӹŲʹ˷ʣ𣿡
ӹô˵
ӵǶ֪ӹ֮ǰС˵ȡ˼ߵĳɾͣС˵۷ĴڡڹӹҪ֮ǰС˵дһȫµС˵дҿΪӹð𣿡
ӹֿɰӣȻΪ
ӵ˵ӹһοģȫС˵ûгɹǿܻӰ쵽ӹС˵ĵλӹΪһεðգֵ𣿡
ӹȻֵãС˵ҪٻţҪ׵٣ӦòһдԸðһգΪҴһƬµأʧҲڡ
ӿӹĻشͻȻоһᣬжĪ


һǧٰʮ ӹð
ͻȻһĪĸжӹΪʹС˵ӷ٣ԸðʧܵķգҲҪðһγԡ
һʧܣӹС˵ĵλٿ϶ܵһЩӰ졣
ӹ;ӿ˽ġ
֪ӹ֮Ի˵˵ĴȻʵΪžԵİա
Ӻܸж˵С˵ӵйӹʵһǳ˵飬ףӹĳԣܹȡ÷ǳ޴ĳɹ
ӹһЦı飬˵ллӵףôһɰƯӵף룬һɹġ
ӸϽţӹһɹġôӹѾ׼𣿡
ӹʱ׼ȷѾ׼ˡ
ӵϲӹˣǵϢһǳ˷ܵġӹ׼ʲôʱʼأҲڡЦ𣿡
ӹǵģȻڡЦأһ֮ʽС
ӵϢ͸˷ˣʹӹɷ͸¶һ£ʲô֣ҲǳƪƷ𣿡
ӹǳƪƷɼжƪƷɵϵƷڽʲô֣һ֮ͻ֪ˡ
ӵˣһƷǹӹµĿɽ֮Բǳƪ֮ǰӹԶƪƷԽŮɽһ𣿡
ӹ˵Ҳԡ
ֵӹһεĸרУ͸¶˵ڽ᳢һ֣ȫ͵Ʒһ£֮ǰ˵ȫ͵Ʒһ׼ƳģһȫдƷ𣿡
ӹȻǡҽƳƷȻƷֻдַͬˣȫ͵Ʒ˵һ£˵ȫƷƷһڻûеƷ͡
ӵԭˡô˵ӹڲ֮󣬻Ƴһûеģȫ͵Ʒ𣿡
ӹû
ӵӣӹǳϲðա
ӹַһЦ飬˵ðһǳȤ飬ͬ𣿡
΢΢һ㶣û뵽ӹᷴ⣬㶹֮æǵģͬ⡣ҲΪӹԸðգǲлῴࡢáһƷеĶ߶Ӧøлӹ
һЩ⣬һڹۿǻһ
֮һεרý
רýˣýıԼ飬ȴŸոտʼ
רøһڶýıѾ׷׳¯ˡ
ذӹ׿ڱ̬ʹ˷С˵µС˵
ӹ׿ڳϣ˲С˵۷壬ԼҲ޷ٴԽ˲Ʒ
ðգӹС˵ƷתͣῪһȫдС˵
ӹС˵ҪٻţҪ׵٣ӦòһдԸðһգΪҴһƬµء
˲С˵۷壬ӹȫдַС˵
ӹȫС˵дǳɹʧܣĿԴ
רңӹȫµдַ̫ðգһʧܣӰС˵ĵλ
жӹðŵλӰķգҲҪΪС˵ٴһƬµأ

ý׷ױעµˣ۷׷ס
ȣ˵һǾϲ˷ܺͼϢ
ǱΪӹʹ˷С˵дһƷ֮ͻʡ
ڣӹȻ˵ˣҪһȫµС˵дҲҪдüƷɡ
ǣӹȫдַʧܡ
˵ȷʧܵĿܣǣŹӹʧܡ
ȻЩ벻ףȻС˵ֻȫд
Źӹӹų̶ȣںܶ˵ŵһȫµдַȻʲô¡
ϣһƬ
ȫдַС˵ڴڴ̫ڴˣ
˵ʱӹôˣԭоһȫµдַ
Ǻգӹûоȫµдַƻľʹ˷ˡ
һ֮ͷУˣˣǺܹܿӹȫµС˵ˡ
ɼжƪƷɵϵƷǾ˵⼸һУȴǵڵĹ¡ЩĸоֻжƪƷȻȻȫµдַǿ϶Ĳǳ֮ǳڴ
ӹ˵ҪΪС˵һƬµأһִηξƾӹС˵ĵλȫûҪðһգӹȴˡӵйӹС˵ˡ
ŹӹһɹģҲһֹ֧ӹġ
˵ûǶţҲֹ֧ӹ󡣡



һǧٰʮ ˼뾳
۷׷ףһǣҲͬǵȦ鲻ֹ
˵עص㣬΢һЩһǣӹ˵ĹС˵ȫдַ
һȫµдַӹҪȫǰС˵дַ𣿡
רйӹ˵Ļȷġֻǲ֪ʲôӵȫдַ
벻סҲܹףҲǹӹˡ
ڼеߣģ¹ӹ֮ǰƷдַ˵ǰдַǹӹһֿġڣӹҪһµдַˣС˵캽ߡֻǲ֪ӹһλ᲻ɹ
ȻӹˣǾ˵İղСȻǿ϶ȥģȻҲȻԼС˵ĵλȥðաһεȫдַһɹС˵˵ŷǳҪʷ壬˵ܹˣӿֳһµߡ
ǶԹӹ˽⣬ɹĿԵȷܴһɹС˵˵ȷŷǱѰ塣ⲻֻǹӹ˵飬ҲС˵һδ£һΣҪʮֵľ񡣡
ӹĳɹˣΪС˵˸أС˵ĵλĿԴɡ


־硣
һЩŵ˵࣬ʵ̫ˣӹȻѡһ֣ȫµС˵дַʵû뵽
ͷȷǳ⡣ǹӹС˵ߣӹ
һֵҲӹźܴİգһΪȫûбҪðա࣬ΪӹѡðյҪԭʲô
ӹר˵С˵ҪٻţҪ׵٣Ӧòһдȫͬ˵ӹ֮ѡðգӦҪΪС˵ҵһȫµдַԱС˵ӵķ١Сƣǲòһ飬ӹ˼뾳磬ĸߡ
һ˼Ƭ̣˵࣬ӹ˼뾳磬ԭ𣿡
ҲǣҲǡСƣӹһγԣпܳΪС˵磬һΡӢ۴ʱѧ֮ģһʮҪʷĴ£Ҫ͹ע
һû˵Ƭ֮󣬲̾Ϣһ˵һʮҪʷĴ£ӹǿ̫ˡ
˵Сƣӹų̶ȣ֮Ϊ֮£㲻ԷƱ취Ϊӹ֮µһˣȷĿ꣬ҪĿŬ
һͷ֪ģֻ࣬ЩпˡһŬΪӹ֮µһ˵ġ
ЦɹĻܴڣȹעӹƳƷһԤУӹȫµдַ֮󣬻һµģʹдַңǴ־磬Ҫ취ѵһٮٮߣ־
һ˵࣬϶ûġ

ʱѧί칫ҡ
貨ҲЩ⡣
û뵽ӹôãԭ˼һȫµС˵дַӹΪС˵νĲġ
貨С˵ڵķٳ̶ȣ˵һ˴ģΪС˵һƬ죬С˵ĸ飬϶ǷǳġҲܹ⣬ֻС˵磬Ӧúúõĸл
ͷֵô裬Ϊӹһðյĳԣɹ𣿡
貨ȻʧܿܵġȻǹӹɹĿԻǺܴġ
ҲΪС˵磬̡Ӣ۴ʱѧ֮һ£Ҫˡ
貨ϣңҶԹӹȫС˵дַҲǳĺڴ
ҲһһڡЦķаɣѾûʱˡ

۷׷ףձ鶼Ϊӹһεðճȡóɹ
ôͽС˵磬һΡӢ۴ʱѧ֮ģһʮҪʷĴ¡
ң˶ΪӹɹĿԻǺܸߵġ
ԭΪǹӹľţ򵥡
Ȼ޾ԣӹɹĿԣϿźܸߣʵʧܵķҲС
ˣܶȻΪӦһ
ڹӹΪʲôѡһðյԭ
˶ΪΪӹС˵ĸ̫ˣΪС˵һõķչδԸðյĳԡ
˵Уɶӹ˼뾳úܸߡ



һǧٰʮ ǹӹ˵ļ
ӹΪʲôѡðճԣȫµС˵дַ
ںܶ˿ΪӹС˵ĸ̫ΪС˵ܹӵķḻͷ١
˶Ϊġ
ʼմڵģָΪΪ׵һߣǿӹ˴ǹҪͷ
ֻǣ˺ԼһƷ롶˲̫ԶӶʧ棬ӰС˵ĵλͬʱ᲻þʹ˷ʣƻûװأܾʣ
Ӧô죿˿ôһʱ䣬ľ뵽һ취
ǾԻһȫµдַһͽˡ
ƷôǾΪǳһȫдַԭ
˵ҲͬӰһЩС˵ĵλӰ죬벻˵һ˵ʣֱӷʧܴӰ죬ҪСöࡣ
ңһǵλЩܵӰ죬ͬʱҲһΪС˵ĸӷ٣ԸԼĵλܵӰ죬ҲҪðճԵ
һǵλЩܵӰ죬ںܶ˵˽ģΰģΪС˵ϹᣬԼС
һƺ׬ˡ
⣬˵ƷٴγɹˣֻҪһµдַǾǳɹΪС˵һƬµأλӰ״ﵽһֿǰĸ߶ȡ
һôҲʧܾ⡣
ָΪΪ׵һǣͨЩ֮ҲòӹĴҲѹ˼С˵һˣƾֶΣҲû֡
ǵĽȦһĽҺ޵ҧгݡ
ɶ񰡣ǿɶ񣬹ӹΪԼĵλþȴһƬ˵ΰ˽ɷҲ
綼˸ƭˣҿǻ棬˵ļȻóˡ
ȻǿˣǾȥҴ˵ļ綼˵档
٣ǿ϶ģôܹ˵˳֮ǰ˵νȫдַ𣿻ɹ𣿡
Уҿûʲôȫµдַһ˵ʶѡҲûб׼˵鷢֮󣬲ܳɹɹ˵ǾȫµдַҲ޷
ò˵Ƿǳôڲ֮ء
֮ǰǿļֻҪǰЩȫعˣҲ޴ˡǣĿһ֣һȫдַַһ˳ɹǲܵġ
ûȥļȫع⣬翴˵Ŀһ˵ȻɹλҲܵӰ졣ΪҶ֪ˣڷ֮ǰΪԼ޷ɹӶһȫдַ˵ʣڲƭҡҶĸйۣԴۿۡǣõһȫµдַǲܵġ
ûң飬һЩµдַҲһó㿴óҲԵΪѾ֪ļһַУһµдַȻͻᱻӡǣдַһͷǳԵģһȫµдַǲܵġ
ȷһµдַ⵹ȷпܣϾ˻ǺʵġǷǳԵȫдַǾ;ԲˡһӮˡ
ûǵع⣬˵ǣʹһµдַֻҲһ˫աǵع⣬ͻᷴˣˬ
ڵȵĻˣҲֻܹԼԹǡ
ȥعɣʵѾȲˡ֪˿˿ǵع֮󣬻һı飿ҹƾȡš֪붼У֮һǳľʡ
߰ɣ߰ɣһ˶ǵع⾡촫硣

ָΪΪ׵һ߷ǳ˷ܣڵȵһԻɹĻᡣ
һ˵ùӹĵλ̫ܵӰ죬ӰҲСѾȲ
ǣϿʼعݡ
ӹרøոսӹĽһ֣ȫµС˵дַϵľԽ㡣
˶۷׷ףָΪΪ׵һߵع⣬Ҳˣڲ̵ʱڣ㴫硣
ǿˣǿˣڶǿˣ౨־ı༭ˣýǿˣ࣬עӹ˴רõˣҲˡ
֮˵ĵһӦǴ㵡
󣬴ϸһ룬ͬ˵˼˲ͬ
˶ЦһЦΪȻΪԾǶԹӹ
ҲһЩţãƺȷЩ



һǧٰʮ Щ鷳
ָΪΪ׵һߣع˹ӹļ
˶ΪȻΪǶԹӹҲһЩţЩ˵ģƺҲȷЩ
˵һǹӹļҲδؾûпܡ
ˣҲһЩ顣
ߣЩԹӹĽʡ޵ˣԹӹ˵ʲôǹӹļҿǵļŶԣҿǧЩ˵ĵ
ǣӹᵣ±ĳɼã᲻þʹ˷С˵ǳ
ô˵أҲӦòǹӹļ͹ƺȷֿܵġ
Уôֿܣӹʲôλõʹּ
Ϊӹĵλ̫ߣпʹüλԽߣԽԼĵλܵӰ졣Ȼֻпܣ˵һǹӹļ
ԣһ˿ĿԶûС
˵ϲӹҲͬϲӹǲäĿϲҪԼĻж
ǲäĿϲǾŹӹʹЩ
ʹüȻãҲϣˣҲϣĿйӹ⵽𻵡
ȷӹûʹüãʹ˼Ǿ̫źˣӹĿе󣬽
У˵ĺӹǳ⣬Ŀе겻Ƶġ
äĿݣͲһԼж𣿡
ûԼжɲ˵ġ

飬ָΪΪ׵һǣ˷ܵĹЦǵعôЧʵһ˷ǳõ顣
ңԵĻŸոտʼʱ𣬾Իҡ
Ϊţ˫һЩˣȻҲ͸Ӽˡ
ָΪΪ׵һǣԽԽ˷ܡ

һǣﲻЩΪӹеǡ
Щ̫һǹӹ飬ֳܹһ֣һͷǳԵģ޷ϵȫдַȻӹʹ˼һ£ͺѱϴˡΪڵع⣬ܹӹĳɼΣֻҪȫµдַԣ޷ɡ
ȷЩһƺǣָΪΪ׵һһɣ˹ӹôΣһǿһϣˡͿӹ飬ܹܲһκݺݵĴǵˣ
ǻ˵ӹһҪ׵ĴЩ˵Щ̫סΪдַǲȫµģͺб׼𰸣ܹõ˵ϿɡֻҪ޷õ˵ϿɣЩ˾ͻбĿռ䡣һ˫ƽӹǿϴȥɣȴ޷׵ĴЩ˵ʵǹӹˣΪ¶ɵӰ󡣡
ƹӹԼҲû뵽ڿһȫдַһ£ᱻЩãϣӹҪܵ¼Ӱ졣
ӹר͸¶ЩϢʲô¶ûУЩҲʵǿɶ񡣡
ǾŹӹģʱĽĶԹӹǾվ֧Ԯӹ
ȻӣΪӹԭ򡣹ӹܹǣߵĶˣȻӦȥ֧Ԯ
ǸӵĹע°ɣû뵽ԽԽֺ鷳ˡ


־硣
һһδ㵣˵࣬û뵽ᷢķ粨һ˵ʱץõǺ׼һӹƺЩ鷳˰
̾ȷЩ鷳ˣһоͿӹ飬ʲôˣĲһ֣޷ϵȫµдַһ˳ɹôһжɢӹĵλǰߣЩһαݺݵĴĻľЩ鷳ˡ
һֵ࣬ӹڲã޷ϵȫдͬʱҪɹֻҪӹˣ޷ϵȫµдַͿϴ˰
ҡͷ뻹ҪɹΪֻǲˣȫµдַȴеĻͻᱻЩ˵ǣӹΪϴɣ⼸ʱʱдһ飬дһͨȻȫµдַˡһӹȻпѱ档ԣӹ鲻Ҫǣ޷ϵȫдַҪɹ
һ˼ֵԭ࣬˵ӹһλɹ𣿡
֮ǰΪӹɹĿǺܴģǸʱͬǸʱ򣬹ӹ鲻һҪǣ޷ϵȫдЩ˻ĵ̣ͱ޷ϵȫдַˡУǸʱӹĴ£ʧҲûйϵͬҲˡԣڵġɹǸʱġɹȣҪࡣӹվǹӹһȻɹġ
һͷҲȻɹģΪǹӹ



һǧٰʮ Сɵɾ죬˼䲻
ʥ塣
רý֮󣬲û뿪ԣϿһǵۡ
ȻҲָΪΪ׵ģһνع⡣
Դˣ⣬ҲûȤȥᡣ
ڡع⡱֮ϵսһЩı䣬Ҳͬᣬһжȵһ֮ʵȥ˵ˡ
רᵽģһȫµдַдɵС˵ȻǰһλʦƷˡ
ӹϣǰӰλңҲǱ˾һȽϵλʦ
磬ȻֻнӹƷûйƷ
λʦƷͬʱ磬ġ
磬˹޼ɡ壬ȻҲӦѰ㡢½СŴѩ
ǰ˸ϲӹƷ˸ϲƷ˫Ϊ˸ϲƷ۲ݡ
ڴĶ˵ϲӹƷˣͬʱҲϲƷϲƷˣͬʱҲϲӹƷ
ҲһЩߣֻϲӹƷϲƷֻֻϲƷϲӹƷ
֮ԻʵΪλʦƷ񣬲ǳ󣬿˵ȫλв𣬺ҵͬĵط
±дַ·Ըд򶷳дȡȵȷ棬ŷǳĲ
⣬ӹƷһֻ15Ʒȴ70ಿ
ȻӹƷǾ䣬ƷȴǲγԲ룬̫䣬̫ˡ
λʦԸҲͬǳ󣬽ӹûʲôõȺãһλӣŮɫȾơ
Ҳǽӹ٣ȴӢŵҪԭ
ʱ48ꡣ
Сɵɾ죬˼䲻㡣⸱ѣС˵棬ڹȥʱΪдΪӢţеꡢźͰˡ
֣ȴע˵С˵һ档
С˵˵ıƸ
ڣҪѹС˵磬ùС˵Ӵ֮ҲӰǡ
ο֮÷ʽ
С˵70ಿȻȫ磬׼ѹģǼƷ硣
ǹƷ߳ɾͣҲС˵ѡ
С˵ԼģǳǿҵĶطϷ硢ʫԪأ뵽ƷУֽԼصѧУǼ̽ӹ֮һ߷塣
⣬ɹдд顢д̬дּ˴ͳС˵ۡ˷ڰţʵддرġʴоԣоɶԻжھжԷΧȾгڣζз·תобҲĬпҲг۳󣬲ңϺ˷θ£ղܶζ
С˵ӹС˵оȫһȴһĵس֮ղܡ
ҲӦ÷ǳңܹӹλʦȫͬǳƷ
ип뵽Ʒ磬Щ˷ܺڴ


֣ࡢҡؼɢ֪콫רһ£ҷǳעϵ
Ϸ飬Ҳ˽⡣
˵СƺЩ鷳ˡҲã˭СһθصģʲôȫµдַҲԸ͸¶͸¶
֣ЦǼУľˣҵǲżһ֮󿴣һ֮󿴰ɡ
ҺҲͬʱЦҲż
ε¶ϵС˵ķչռ䣬ܲżôɶȫµдַҲ벻ס
֣С鷳㲻Ӧȵģܲܽһε鷳𣿡
Ǳ鷳ѣҪģңҵϣܸС鷳Сһгӡ
֣ࡢҡͬʱһЦ˵˵òС鷳ȷһ¡

һ鷳λ˺Щֻ
ϣڹӹȫдַһ˵ǲǹӹʹõļ飬Ҳȷң˼뵽鵱С
һ飬һ˺üʱ䣬ȴȻûн
ɵӰ죬ȻԽԽԽԽˣʼΪӹȷʹüɡ
ЩΪӹʹüˣʼδģⳡ飬鷢չӣ˫һЩҲˡ
ֻĿţɵӰԽԽԽԽˣʼΪӹȷʹüɣҲЩӹˣԽԽĻŭš
Ǳӹ鷳ȴ˭֪ùӹ鷳ԽԽǷǳĺڣ֪ͲЩˡ
ʱҲһȥڵһڡЦеӡ
죬һڵġЦͽУһ飬ܹͣЪˡ



һǧٰʮ 
죬һڵġЦͽУӹƷҲھҪҿصɴ
ӹһ֮ǰģһȫµдַȥдС˵һʲôȫдַҲھҪ𰸡
ָֻΪΪ׵ģһ˵νȫдַֻǹӹһ˵ʶѡ
ǣӹΪϴʹüɣһ֮ڣһ֡ȫµдַдɵһ顣
еЩ𰸶˶ڴ
ֹ֧ӹڴ˷ܡţӹƷһΰЩˣžž
ָΪΪ׵һҲͬڴҲ˷ܡ
죬ʷԹӹжĵһʤ
ڴţš
еߣڶңԼˣŸԲͬ˼Ҳڴ

ʱڵ˵ڶ峿
ͤſڣڶǵȺŵʢ
õһڡЦ־ʱ˷ܺڴ˶㡣
Ϊ˶㣬ǷЩ᲻ã־ˡ
ǻһ˷ܺڴﶥĸо
ڻǵֲסջĽ־ˣҵӹƷصҳ档
ȽĴȻ֮
ǵģѡĵһƷǡ
ǹĴ֮һΪ£ֱǣȸᡷ񵶡黷ǹ͡𹳡
ȫǷһĽס
ŷɥ˼ϵȴȫĹ£̾Ϊֹھ
ֻǣΪȴֻд¡
ԭ˵кܶ֡
˵ΪûüдѾҴ
Ҳ˵ǹΪ֮ⲻд
ôǡޡ
ޡʲôӹ˵һ书߾磬ôʤС
ʤУʤ
ôޡǵҲ
֡ޡҲΪ⽫Լȥ
ͬˣнŲͬ
Ȼ˵δؾǹı⣬ͬĶߣҲԼͬ⡣
Ƿǳͬ˵
⣬˽ȭͷŭСΪ
˵ܶ˲ͬ
ΪȭͷȻҲһʵĹ£ȭͷǰķȫ
Сķŭģһּһеֳ嶯СȭͷȭͷСǰ˵ȫһ
ң岿λΪҲǹķ
Ҫǣ˵ֵʱ򣬹δϹ˵
⣬˳֣޸ġɱ֡Ľ̶֣ͬȼ롰ᡱɱ֡Ϊ
˵ôǣǿᣬӵĲס
Ӷ͸¶˵ʵΪһӡ
һӡֲΪˡӢᡷ
˵ǿһЩӢᡷУһװʮÿһֶɱ˵ÿһֶԿһֱ˵ֻҪӵһӣʲôĵˣȫѶԷء
С˵ʼһֱգһɱʼһɱ׿ı˼еĶ֡
书ˣȴԼıԼıֱȽһҪԡ
ڡӢᡷУҪȻӣııԴҪܵеˣӵȥɱˡ
ǰµķ񣬵Щ֮
ˣӢᡷΪԶҪ׵öࡣ
ٿףҲֻǺ˵Ĳ²ѡ
ѾţڵʲôʣԶҲд𰸡
ʵȫûҪҪҪΪޣǺܺ
Ҳǹıء
ңһȴͲ²⣬Ҳ͹˸Ĺ£Ȼġ
ˣ磬Ҳֻ׼дǰҲ硣
еĵһҲǵһ£
˵Ŀ˹ӹר˵ģһƷɼжƪ£ɵһϵƷ
ڣ˹ӹ˵˼
ⲿƷֽôȻͻ߸£һһ¡
ڵĵһҲǵһ£
еȫ˵ͷűȲ˵ȡķ񣬾Ѿ֮ǰͬˡ
Ͽȥ
һ˵ȫ˲üΪǳ˷ܺͼ
ΪǿһʫһдǰʫһƮɣǷ˵ʫ
ϰ񾩣¥ʮǡ
˸Ҷᷢڳ



һǧپʮ 񾩺ͳ
һƪһʫһƮɵʫһ˶˷ܵʫ
ӹͬʫʣһ֪֮ǰġСƪҲͬһ˶֮˷ܵʫ
ͬʱڶಿƷУֹǳʫʡ
ڣһ˹ӹʫʵķɡ
Ҫǣʫһֱ¶һֲƣôҶԺݣڴ
ϰ񾩣¥ʮǡ˸Ҷᷢڳʫݲ⡣
˵ǣϹڣ񾩳ǣ¥ʮǳءΪҸҳ֮
ǰʫǹԭʫ׵ʫڡĿƪһʫ
׵ԭʫǳʫ֮һ˼ǣʫʫҲܳ22֡
ͷľ䣬ǹڡƪõľ䡣
ֻԭʫĵڶǡʮ¥ǡʱΪˡ¥ʮǡ
֮ģǴӸϿǣ֮ƺǷǳ׵
Ϊʮ¥㡱˵ģΪа񾩣ɽʮ¥¥ʮǡ
ȻȻˣǻ⣬Ҳֻв²⡣
⣬ǳһʫˮܽأȻȥΡͬʫ
֪ܶϰ񾩣ʮ¥ǡҲ֪ˮܽأȻȥΡȴ֪ʵͬһʫ
ڣʫ֣Ȼͳ˹ӹԭʫˡ
ԣ磬ʱʫ˵Ȳ˵ƪƷôʫȾ;Եľ䡣
һǶȿ˾һʫΪƪƪƷܲ
ƻ衣
ʯֺȻ˾ŸˣЬŸĽ𻷣ͷҷǳɫģɢڼϡ
Ÿиа٣ò䲻ͬȴȫ˰ľޱ飬·粻ϥ䣬Ҳǽʬһ

ǡĿƪһʼһڶǾƺһ֣뿴ӹ֮ǰƷʱһЩһĸо
һʼ˲ͬĸоƺܰɣѵã
һڶЩɻϸһ˼֮ҵԭ򣬻治á
ԭʼġƻ衱֡
ǹӹ֮ǰƷҪʱǻƻ裬ȻһСƻ衱֣ԳһΣ򵥡ֱ
ǻһ仰ϸдһ»ƻĻ
ȻһѽеĶǶû뵽ӹƷĲһӿƪǰ֣Ѿʼˡ
̾һ֮󣬶Ǽ¿
ԽһĸоԽԡ
Ҫ˵һǿĽ۷ƿջΪһ֯һ⡣
ԭҪһһԽиǳĶ
ﾲһʮʮǰ빺򣬼۸ߵá
ȴֻĸˣֱǣ졢һ١
ǰ·ϣֱɱˡ
ֻ˵ȴһҪ
ﾲȥŵ÷ǳܣ˴ԽػأŵŻǰ
Ȼﾲʱȴ𾪷ķ֣ŵĻﲻˡ
ֻһֽдţлл㣬Ǹˡ
ԣ˵ˡ
֮࣬ﾲ졢һټˣƺµ˭˻
ֻ߸ˣܴʮ߸أ
һǾʵģô㣬ض߸֮һ
˭
񾩣
˲µǰ񾩵˻
񾩡еĶǿ֣ȫǾһ񣬸ݿƪʫϰ񾩡֪񾩶ȻⲿƷˡ
ڳˡ
񾩲ϣϡ
Ѿܳ¾ɣѥӺͽͬ¾ɣ·ȴոµġ
ĽѾ紵ϡ
ú죬
ѥӴɽʾĽ棬·Ҳþӣ档
ģȴЩ˫۾

ǰ񾩵ĳ֣ӳĳһ
֣ڹӹ֮ǰƷУδֹеУ˷ܵɫ
˫۾һŮӵ۾Ůһһ˫˵۾͵͵Ű񾩡
ǰŮӵĵˡ
Ǹӣϲˣϲ˫۾Ҳϲˣ˫۾ˡ
񾩿ŮӣָָԼָָŮӵĳᡣ
ŮӵͷȻһЦ˳š
ǣԼŮӵĳᡣ
񾩸Ůа񾩣ŮӸ߰񾩣Ԭϼ
ƥԷɳ۶ϵˣ񾩷ϵĽ
Ԭϼ߰񾩣͵ĽȴֻЦЦûзӦ
ԬϼЩʧ񾩲ԼĽӢۡ
Ȼܿ죬ְѰ񾩵Ľ˻һͬʱϱȭǷ
ϳ˰񾩵Ľµһѽ
е°񾩣°񾩵ĽΪֻɱˣûɱ
Ԭϼ㵣ʰǲ֪˻ѽ
ȴȻֻЦЦ
еĶȫԽԽ˷ܣ֣һȫµĶܡ
񾩣Ͱ񾩵ĳҲǸе˷ܡ



һǧپʮһ ¼
񾩡֣һȫµĶ飬еĹǶǳ˷ܡ
ԺĹ¸ӵڴ
ԬϼðȥȾƣ񾩴Ӧˡ
ˣʱƵȴδһ
ԬϼҲˣȰø˵ΪԬϼȵøԭ򣬻ȷ
ˣĺѷһջ
ʱ򣬷ֳߵķ֮⣬˯ķ⣬10վڡ
Щ˶ǽĸ֣֮ǰģ졢һˡ
֮⣬ӡ׷ԲԵ̫šʮСˡ
ˣƺڵˡ
ЩȻΪվڣΪĳԭΪ񾩶ֻΪԬϼ
Ԭϼڰ񾩸ڵķ䣬ÿԬϼš
Ԭϼŭɫ΢죬ЩͷۣЩЩ˻Ԭϼ
ٶ࣬ҲȻ壬˶Ǹ֣涯δܹԬϼ
ԬϼŪ֮־壬ǳ£ðǧҪһ˦
ʱֶһ߹ײģǸ׷ԲԵ̫ţǸʮСڸʹޡ
Ļ˱Ѿˣû뵽ˡ
⣬滹УΪ˳Ǹˡ
֮ڷ£񾩴Ԭϼ¥ȾơԶ
֮ǰЩҲڣ˫Ըģƺǳĺг
֮󣬰񾩿ǼٺУҲ֪ڵȵ˭
ȵʮɷ֮һģħӥ
֮ƽڱƣٺеһɱ
Ⲣûҡ
Ԭϼط䣬Ԭϼס񾩵ֺ֣ܺ¡
ԬϼĶ˷úң˽Ԭϼķ䣬Ѱʲô
Ԭϼ԰ֽǳ£ð񾩲ҪߣҪһڷ
񾩺Ԭϼ˯һŴϣȴֻЬӡ
񾩲ǾӣҲСˣûԬϼʲôϲԬϼ
Ԭϼ飬ԬϼҲȷҰˣһӵĸ
񾩴ӦԬϼȥЩһ磬һ취Ԭϼ뿪
ҹԬϼ˯ˣҪȥЩˣˣһܴԬϼ뿪
ν졢һ١һһ۵һ
񾩽Լϵ鱦óЩ鱦뿪
ΪЩ˵Ϊϵ鱦
ȻЩ˲ûð񾩵鱦˰һЩ鱦񾩴Ӧһ飬һ뿪ҪԬϼ
ԭǲΪ񾩶ΪԬϼ
ȻӦûЩ˵鱦뿪ˡ
ЩлޣȴҶ֣ǻڵһˣһܹԸˡ
񾩻صԬϼķ⣬ȴԬϼķڣһˡ
ԬϼһѸٳ뷿ڣһ˳磬ӽӲһѪ죬һʬһ㡣
ʬ书ߣǽеľ֣Ȼǰ񾩵Ķ֡
ʬߣ׷˳ȥ
׷ȥͬʱΪԬϼİΣίѷ㣬æչԬϼ
񾩽ʬ׷ˡ
ȴ˾Ǹʹ޵ģ׷ԲԵ̫š
̫Ŵ˷ţͻȻȥ
񾩳ȥס̫ţҲһаĵˡ
Ȼ̫ڰ񾩵ĻһֻͻȻס˰񾩵ʺ
ֲ죬Цȥɣ
ֻǣ仰δ˵̫꣬ͻȻомĶԼ߹ǡ
Ǳ񾩵ĳڰ񾩵
ԭ̫Ų̫ţһǳŮӣװ̫ţΪŻɱ񾩡
ֻǣѾʶļ
񾩲ûɱ̫ţ̫ųȥװ磬һĵٸ
ٸɫհ񾩣ǸʮСͻȻ֣񾩣ȻҲһ֡
ԭǲһСֻǸ塣
ˣײĸͻȻҲͬʱֹ񾩡
ȻҲˣǰ֮ǰ׷˵Ǹʬ
̫Ų̫ţССҲˣȤý
٪ͽʬĹûж԰˿в־壬԰񾩵Ŀ־塣
ʬûߣΪӲˣҲӡ
ҪȥԬϼҪأԬϼƭȥĶһͼ
ʬð񾩷Ź԰ȥͼֻ֪ͼһԬϼϡ
ʬ߰񾩣Ԭϼ˵ʵҲκ˵ʵ֪Ԭϼܡ
ֻǣʬĻδ˵ͻȻɱˡ
ɱʬˣǰ񾩵ĺѷ㡣
˵˽ʬݡ
ԭʬ֮ǰ֯δɵģﾲ
ǸĵٸǹﾲţǸ٪壬ǹﾲѡ
һǳҪĶڹﾲﱻƭˣǳء
һͼһŽΪ˵õ᲻ϧһд۵ͼ
ͼǣɹµİȸɽׯȸģ췽ʹ÷
ﾲ˴ƭĳͷΪ̣޷ܡ
ԣﾲźѣݸİҪ׷
Ԭϼ
ʷ㣬Ԭϼ
ش˵档
ȥ·
ȻٴηͻϮ˰񾩡
һΣϵˣıͻϮɹסˣҲ˵ϡ
Ϊİѷ㵱ѣȫûͻϮס
ԭҲ֮һ˰ѡ񣬼ᣬ
˰񾩣ԬϼӹﾲƭͼĹ̡
ȻֻǷĲ²⣬ƭͼ̣δ׼Ȼʮ
һȻǾԬϼ԰ˣҲǱ濴ô



һǧپʮ ĽЦһЦ
ڡĹ»ڼ
ɹס˰񾩣˰ѡҪôᣬҪô
񾩲ᣬ԰ֻˡ
Ƿ㲢ûɱ񾩣ΪҪӰ񾩵ϣõһ
֮ǰȥԬϼҪԬϼӹﾲƭߵĿȸͼԬϼ߷㣬ͼѾ˰񾩡
ˡ
ԣɱ֮ǰҪõͼ
ϧϲûͼҲ֪ͼ
Ԭϼƭ˷㡣
֪ԬϼƭˣȴԬϼҲԼֶκġ
ĿǣԬϼƭʮָһ֪ƭ˵ˣĵ
Ȼȴûзͼϣͼȷϡ
ΪʮֵĴķ㣬һ˰񾩵ĵ֪
ð˵ͼ񾩲˵
þտݼ÷ΪͼͲĳ
Ƿģ񾩵ĳֳĽȻпյġ
Цš
ȻصĲͼʮţâĶ롣
ˣڶ֮¡
񾩵Щʹѣ
֪ľͻҲܷŹ
ΪѣԺضټ
ôֻɱ
ˣϵѨȴûн⿪Ȼ޷
ոֳĶѾջ
١졢һˡ
˷ְƣ޲ЦƣǾҲ£񾩵ĳˡ
ǱȰ˵Ԭϼ䣬ΪǸոշ֣ԬϼѾ뿪˿ջ֪ȥ
Ϊ񾩿϶֪ģȻȴ˵˵ط֡
ҪʹֶΣǿư˵Ԭϼ䣬ԬϼȴͻȻ⡣
Լˡ
˼ԬϼҪȥȴԬϼһһһһֽǿȸͼ
Ԭϼü˲Ҫ˿ȸͼ
ԬϼȻһЦϲЦЦҲǳÿЦˣϲ
˵һŮӣȸͼҲ鷳Ըͼ͸еһˣüȥ˭õ͵ͼ
˵ѣҪȥѡ
˵⣬Ԭϼ˷䣬֪Ԭϼ޷⿪񾩵ѨҲԬϼǵƤӵߡ
񾩿Ԭϼޱ顣
ԬϼŰ񾩣ȴܸӣҲ֪ǸԹˣǻϲ
Ԭϼۿ΢죬˵ߵģȴΪİ񾩣
仰Ҳģոյȷлߡ
⣬١졢һˣӦ˭õȸͼ
Ľǣֻʣٺһˡ
˶ˣ໥ƣթ֮¡
ٺһǽ˵ģںͱ濴ǡ
˴߽ȷе˵ˡ
һһֱıڣֻǱڵ书ԶԶ٣Ǳ˺ԡ
ΪʲôҪһ书ԶԶڣ
Ϊ԰ڣΪʲôԭ˭֪أ
ٺһˣɵĶˣԬϼеĿȸͼ
ͼ֣׼ɱ񾩺Ԭϼˡ
һĵܿ죬һͷ£ǳƯ
Ԭϼ԰˵Щ鲢û˵ѣң԰񾩡
ԬϼĻδ˵ٰ꣬ѻ˹ȥ˵԰ĵģҲΪˣҪȫ񾩺Ԭϼˡ
ֻǣٵĻδ˵꣬ͻȻˣһֱıڣɱˡ
ԭٵıǣʮɷ֮һħӥҲ֮ǰˣһֱڵȵˣѾˣֻαװٵıڡ
һʧɫԬϼϿ⿪񾩵Ѩֻа񾩲ܶԸӥ
ȻԬϼȴ˵һжѾ̫ˣӥȻһЦ˵磬˵ǲǴˣ
ԭԬϼӥʶϵƺܲ
һȻ֣һӡµȦȫɥʧ˶־
ոյõ˿ȸͼʵʵĽӥ
Ȼӥӹͼ֮ȴǿҲֱ˺÷۴⡣
ſȸͼǼٵģӥ֪ԬϼҲ֪ͬ
һ㵣ԬϼӹﾲƭߵģĿȸͼ
Ԭϼȴ˵ӹﾲƭߵľһţңƭʱ򣬾֪Ǽٵġ
ԭûĿȸͼ
һ޷⣬ԬϼȻһЦ˵±ǸȦס
Ȧһǣֻӥˣ֪ȸͼǼٵģǲ˵һԶҲ뵽
ԭȸͼӥģ˲Ǯ֮ȴͼǼٵġ
ӥ˼ٵͼȥ᲻ܻĹԬϼΪӥ˸⡣
Ԭϼӥͼﾲùﾲͼȥ

Ϊﾲڽ׵ʱϸ֮һᷢͼǼٵġ
ԣԬϼͼ
ͼĲǰ񾩣Ԭϼ
Ԭϼ֮ҪͼΪһ١졢ﾲţͼġ
١졢һ˵ȷˡ
ﾲҲˣ֪Ԭϼͼ
ԣšѣװİ֮׷ԬϼҪûͼ
١졢һˣҲ׷ٶ
֮ǰջһ֡
֮ҿջ׷ԬϼΪԬϼ׷ϵġ
ʱ١졢һˣѾͼģΪ˵õͼȻɱ
ԬϼӥˣֻҪɱǸˣ֮żϵĲƱᡣ
һͱˣǳɹſȸͼû֪ͼʵǼٵģҲ֪ӥ򵽼ٵͼ֮£ҲĽˡ
Ԭϼ֮ҪѰǣΪҪ񾩵ĳɱﾲͷˡ
ΪƻҪɹﾲ˾ͱǲ١졢һˣûаհͼ֣ҲͲɱ
ֻа񾩵ĳܹɱﾲˡ
ڣһеļƻǳ˳ֻҪһҲȥͿˡ
һûѡȨֻܸԼһԼԴӴ֮Ҳۡ
һˣֻʣ˰񾩡
ӥһĵݸԬϼԬϼһ˰񾩵ԴҲһͷۡ
ԬϼŵŰ񾩣˵ɱܲɱֻܶԲˡ
˵ûйϵ
ȻԬϼȴͻȻתһӥǳĿ죬Ҳõ
ֻǣӥоǳŪЦ⣬֪Ԭϼῳ׼ɵĽסԬϼĵ
ԭӥҲͬɱԬϼһƱ
֮԰ѵݸԬϼΪԬϼɱȻͿԺεɱԬϼˡ
Ԭϼȴ˵֮ҪɱӥΪ˶̲ƱΪ˾Ȱ񾩡
ȷҲģԬϼӦõȷ԰񾩶顣
ӥȴ˵ϧûܾ˰񾩣Ҳ޷
Ȼӥ˵仰֮ȴˣ񾩵ĳɱˡ
ԭѾн⿪Ѩֻǹװûн⿪Ӱˡ
Ԭϼǲ֪Ѩѽ⿪ûɱ
ԬϼȴǲȻһЦðԼ¡
˵ԶҲ²Ԭϼ˵һ񾩻֪ġ
󣬰ȵ˵ԼʮɷеĺôҪԬϼܳͷ
ȻҪƭһƭԬϼԬϼƭôΣҪƭһλ
ȻԬϼȴЦ˵Ǻô˭
ԭԬϼģʮɷеĺô
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ֻϧӥʱҲ֪ࡣ
񾩴㵣Ԭϼ书ߣȴһŻ
Ҫ֪ﾲ㡢ӥˣɶǽеľ֡
Ԭϼ˵ֻһˣһ㹻ˡ
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ƭôΣұҲƭһΣżģ벻ǱҴˡ
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ˣ֡
ԭһǽЦ
˶°񾩣°񾩵ĳҲյʱҲ
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ԣԬϼЦһֱȰ񾩵ĳ



һǧپʮ İо
Ĺ²жƪ£һ־ϾѾᡣ
Ȼ˵ĸоȴǣƪºܳܳеĶǣоǿһƪһ㡣
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ǸˣҲֻѡ
һʮľ֣еĶǲò̾̾Ԭϼܹľ֡
Ϊʱַ֣ǻСԬϼ
ǸոΪ࣬ȷ࣬ȫࡣ
ӥΪҲ֮ˣ֪һе࣬ʵϣҲǾ֮ˡ
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ԣӥҲˡ
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ԣԬϼǣ˾УҪ񾩵ĳɱˡ
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ԬϼԼóЦ
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˵ʱеĶǣȸеһ⡣
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ˣĶƪƷĶӹ֮ǰƷȫּΪͬĶ顣
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ǽµһѽ񾩵ĳϲ֣һװƵ۷ĸо
ǣԬϼľ֣ȻⲿƷص㣬׵ʱҶԬϼľ֮飬ֱϽˮһ㣬಻
ԬϼľֹȻⲿƷĵطһǽЦƷУİоĵط
ǰӵġԬϼЦҪȰ񾩵ĳ˵ˣ˵ԼΪԬϼˣΪԬϼЦ˵Ԭϼк񾩵˼񾩶Ҫеġ
Ƕ룬ҿǼԻСʵϣԬϼѾɹƭ˰񾩣ɹĽð񾩵ĳɱ˹ﾲͷˡ˵񾩲ԬϼĶ֣ǽЦȫûë
񾩻еĿԵȷܴ󣬵˲ڽ֮󣬾ԻܹķϾŽµĳ˭ʤ˭ܣδ֪
ȷδ֪ϧ鲢ᷢԬϼҲĶ԰񾩶룬Ѿ˫˫ˡֻ˵񾩵ĳԬϼЦ껹˭ǵĶ֣
Ԭϼ˫˫ˣֻ˵Զһƭ֣κ¶ᷢû֪˭Ц󣬰ȴΪ⡣
Բۣ仰ȫǶⲿƷܽᰡ˵ãҶ̣Ϊʲôͻ
ȷ⣬ϲ񾩺Ԭϼˡ




һǧپʮ µС˵Գ
ϣ˵黹ڼ
ˡ֮⣬ӹȫµдַҲǴ۵Ľ㡣
ȫµдַȷʵǸһȫµģȫһĶ顣ԶԣʵǸϲӹ֮ǰƷ񡣡
ǡ෴ӹ֮ǰƷҺϲ쿴ˡ֮ҷƺϲµƷ񡣡
ٺ٣Ҳϲµķ֣򵥡ֱҪܸܵһֵװƸУŷǳˬǳ
·񲻴ǰһҲȷˬٻζĻֳ־ĸоƺԶԶ֮ǰƷˡԣһǸϲ֮ǰƷ񡣡
ţȽ϶ԣҲϲ֮ǰƷ񣬴磬־㣬޻ζ
˸ϲ֮ǰķҲ˸ϲڵķҾͲһˣַҶһϲƫһ֡
ҲǣȫͬĶ飬ԡӹǹӹȻдַȫͬԶŸԶƷ
ַȷŸԲܹͬͬʱĶַƷĪˡ

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ҲԾãµƷǰһȫµĶܣĶ֮ǻǸϲ֮ǰƷ
Ҳַһϲȫͬķ񣬶ԡµƷ֮ܵǰȫͬĶܣǾϲ˷ܡ
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˷ܵϣҪһԼ˷顣
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֮ǰϲС˵ȴпˡͻȻ֣ҲϲС˵ˡ
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Ҫлӹлȫ·С˵ҴӴ֮С˵ֶһѡ񣬸лӹС˵캽ߡ

½Ƿǳ˷ܣ׷˵ǣ򡶳С˵ԵĹ£˷ܵ顣
֮ǰǣǵĶУͻȻô³Ա룬Ļŭţϲѡ
ӹ·С˵֣Ȼܡ
ΪС˵ԣǵȻϣϲС˵ԽԽ࣬Խ࣬ǾԽ˷ܡ



һǧپʮ µߵ
µԣ˷ܵĲֻ֮ǰǣеǡ
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Ϊڿˡ֮ͻȻַ֣С˵ƺʺǴ
֮ǰǼѾ˶ಿС˵ɼʼղ룬ǿǿ⣬ǿܹ±Ҫǲܵġ
ҲһЩĻ䣬ΪԼ̫ʺϽС˵ҲοǹǲӦ÷С˵
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ڣµдַһǷ֣ƺܹдóˡ
Ǿϲ˷ܣּһ߸мŹӹһ˷ܵĴٵС˵гˣ



һǧپʮ ع
ڶߡԵĵע˻С˵гӷ١
С˵гӷˣ˷ܣ˷ܣ౨־Ҳͬ˷ܡ
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ӹվǹӹ֮ǰЩ˵ʹüıۣԼЩɵڵʵǰ׵Ļ÷顣
ıۺЩɵӹʼûκεı̬ЩΪӹˣұ̬ұ⣬Ǹӵ˷ܺ͵⡣
ȻڣһӹҪκεĻͳ׵ĽЩžž
ӹһʵ֤ˣΪʲôС˵캽ˣ
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ڣһ־ΪЦ־磬Ǵ־ֻڵڶˡ
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û취Ц־йӹһ뷨ǲ
ڣ־Ҫ뷽跨סԼڶλãкü־绢ʼһǿҵΣС
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ڣµ߲ϳ֣˭֪ûֳԽŴڣܵ˸ѹ
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ͷӦˣȵС˵ʱ򣬡֮Ӧþͻ᳾䶨ˡ

һͬʱûһ顣
Ǿ֮ǰڹӹʹüıۣԼЩɵ
ڣȻЩıۺͻɵ׵߽ӹԴҲûзκε֮ǰʼռŹӹЩˣɲô׵ķŹЩˡ
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ûǣ֮ǰѾӹܶˣֻǰ׵ġһξȻûףֱӾˡΪһȳʤȯ˰ɡ
ǵȷΪԼȳʤȯˣû׵ġһʵ֤ӹʹ˼Ҿͻ֪۹ǰΪұѵġȻףû֪¡ˡ
ٺ٣ǵ̵Ǵúãϧʵȴһֱһڹӹʵعˡ
ع˶ҲǺĻԺڹӹĻͲ͵͵ˡ
˼ǿԹĺ𣿡
ǰֻҪǵƤ㹻Ļ



һǧپʮ ڴڶ
ָΪΪ׵һǣϵЩۣҧгݡ
ʱǿɲֻҧгݵĿЩѣֳ
˵һһ֮ûףֱΪһ˾Եİա
Ҫ綼֪۹ϬľͿ˹ӹļȻع⣬ѴҲҪ˹ӹĵ
£ȻҪģףôͲ֪ģɾͰװ˷ǧѷĻˡ
⣬Ҳ˻¶Ѿʧ̫ã綼ѾǵĴڣЩģ¶Ļ
ĽǵҲȷ¶ˣ綼֪ˣӹ۵ľǡ
ʵв²⣬Ϊ֮ǰԹӹЩۣпܾڰвٿأֻǲ²⣬û֤ݡ
һΣǳ׵֤ȷˡ
ָΪΪ׵ǣҲû뵽Ľ
ӹһε飬ȫµдַ̫ԣǿ⣬ǶǿΪԼ粵һ
ǸеʮֵľȫµдַǸе
Լ֪ȥǿΪԼ⣬ֻ¸Цѡ
ָΪΪ׵ǣ޵ҧгݣȴûκεİ취
ӲҪҵһ㣬úһЩĶǵҲеġ
ǾǣûȫǵĴڣǵǵı֪Щ
ڵǣҲܹˣһ˿İοˡ
ֻǣڴҶǵǣһǵҲ͸ˡ
ǶǼΪǻá
һǣȫ̾һ֪ˣֺαصء

ָΪΪ׵Ƕҿˣ֮ǰЩΪӹʹüһ˵ȷЩӹ֧۲ݵЩˣȻ͸Ӳ֨ˡ
ȻҲ֪ڲϵģǣҪǣȥȻʤߵ̬ǽһ䡣
ϵЩôǾǲ֨
ʱ֨Ȼõѡ
һǱžžˣͨ¼Ҳʶһ顣
ǾǾԲܹΪκοƺеԭȥɹӹ
Ȼһᱻžž
ѧˡ

ʥ塣
˷ܣʵȻԤһС˵ٿµƪ£С˵гӷ١
ãðдúãС˵Ӵ֮󣬽µķ籩Ц
⻰Ѿظ˵˺ܶˡ
֣ȻΪʲô˵ĸˣ˵С˵ʼΪǣҵġ
ڣС˵µƪ£Ȼˡϲ
ġǽ춼ˣȷʵ൱˾ޡ
˸ˣЦǺǵ˵ȻϽ˸ˣǽǰһףһΣ
Цãðһףһ£һҪˡ
۾һ˵ϣҪˣ
Цһգ۾һɣ˵ôСӿĲǲǣ˵ȷûСĺóԣҲԲ
ٺһЦ˵ϣˣҵ˼ǣȻˣǸɴͰеĲһ˺ˣʾ˼ĸ
ԭǺЦС˵õҲЩ̫һЩҾˣûУʣµȫСҪʢһЩ
~һֹ
ȴǼãƬ̣ЦǺǵ˵ˣС㣬һдʵȴЦǵڶأǲҲ͵һһдһĵڶȴ
ٺһЦ˵һ֮Ͼ֪ˡ
ЩΡ

ڶʲôǲǺ͵һһдһĵڶȴ
⣬֪еˣԡߡ౨־ı༭ȵȣҲȫ֪
Ҷڲ²⣬ڶʲôǲǺ͵һһ
˵һ֮󣬴ҶԵڶڴΪǿң
ϣ֮ǰԣ½ԣȫ⡣
һǽʵЦڶʲôʵ̫ڴˣ֪𰸰
ǰڴУֱ֮ǰڴӹڴУӵǿҵöࡣ
ǣεڴҲҪһ֮󣬲Ż𰸣Ѱ
ȷѰһڵʱ䣬ǿԺúõһ£ǿڴĸо
ָоȷҲԳ֮ΪܣһϾ֪𰸡
֪ǲܵˣһ£ڶʲô
ðҶһ¡ϵĵڶò£¼֣ܻжԵģֲԡڶ͵һһôĵڶɾͼѲ²ˡ
ΪѲ²⣬˼
⵹Ҳǣ룬ڶʲô




һǧپʮ ȸᡷ
ڶʲôҷ׷ײ²⡣
ϵĵڶѲ²⣬ôࡣ
ǳ˵ʮ˰ǵǹꪡᡢ桢ޡﵡץۡáաǡ
ȥһЩֻеǹꪡᡢȡ
ʵҲǾټϰ
۵ڶʲôܻ˲¶ԣֻǱϵĵڶ
ҶţӹĵڶһҲ͵һһһĵڶ
ôĵڶʲôͼѲ²ˣ޴Ӳ²⡣
ˣǲ²Ȼִ˲ˣ·ǳߡ
Լ˵һԽѣ²Խ˼
ҵĴҲ廨ţ²ʲôĶУЩԶ濪ǹӹҲδܹõ
ҲЩ˵Ĳ²˿Цãʵڲ֪ôģ
֮ǳ֡

һǣҲϣǶڵڶֲ²⡣
ȣǲòٴθпӹƷӰֲ˹ʵǷǳĽ
ȻֲòϣڶʲôҲͬķǳĺ档
ҪΪ˱ϵĵڶ֮⣬һĵڶ˵ڴУ̫ǿˡ
ǿǶ̲סҪȥһˡ
ֻǣ˵Ҳһģ±ϵĵڶףĵڶûʲôͷˡ
ĵڶʲô޷²Ⱑȴ൱ڴ治֪ӹ־Ĺ˼ģ
ǹӹ´ηǰʮ֮һӰζҪЦˡ
ҿҲȷֻʵˡ
룬ʲô룿𣿻˵ĵڶɶ
֪ЩǵĴ𰸣ǷǳȤʲô𰸶СҪǹӹˣǵúúõллǲɣô˼룬ӹֻҲ뵽
Űɣһ֮󣬴𰸾ͽˡ


ʱѧ칫ҡ
һ˼ӣ˵裬˵ڶʲô
貨ЦЦ˵˵Ѿ˺ܶˣҪ֪Ҿǹӹˡ㰡Ҳˣܲµģһ֪֮ˣܿġ
ȴȻ˼˵£룬ıҲˣָоһǳ
貨ЦЦû˵Ĳˣָоȷǳ
ҪУѰ

ҪУȷǳѡ
ôڶʲô
ֻܵȵһ֮𰸽ˡ
һڵʱ䣬õҲȻ˾÷ǳ
˵ҹУһڵʱǹȥˡ
һڵġЦʽС
ڶʲôڽ
˶ڵһʱ䣬һڵġЦȻȲķܹ𰸡
ȻǱϵڶĴ𰸡
ȸᡷ
ȸᣬ˶İΪڡгֹİ
ôϵĵڶǰ
ȷҲһҲ¶Ե˲٣Щ¶Ե޲Цʮֵ
Ȼ¶ԱϵڶѶϵߣǲ¶ˣ˶´ˣǲµ˹ӹ˼ָо뵱
ϵڶĴѳǰȸᡱ
ôĵڶʲô
ʱڴУ֮ǰӵǿˡ
һΣǲܵȴļ尾ǿڡȸᡷУȥѰҴ𰸡
ѾȲˡ
ƻ衣
վϦ£桰״Ԫ¥ƵӰǡɸס
·ԶӰ
ϴżۣǳΪڵ²ǶԳضַǹ
ǹ߹ǣǼ׸ѱ亹ʪ͸
ÿҪɱǰǾúܽš

Ȼǻƻ裬ֻһεĹ£͡ȫһ
һΣһʮ塱ɱ֯ڼƻɱһˡ
ɱֱַɡҰС䡢ޡ
һнֵĸĵĵҪɱĿ֡
Ҫɱ˽ﳤࡣ
ʮ塱ɱ˴Ӳʧ֣һΣɡҰС䡢ɱ֣Ϊɱﳤ࣬Ѿʮε޿ܻʧ֡
ԣﳤˡ
ɱУɱﳤ࣬׼Ȱﳤ࣬Ϊﳤж
ֻǣҪѡʮ塱Ǿ޴ġӴ֮ҪֱΪֹ
ǾȰﳤ࣬Ǹжˡ
ܿ죬ﳤ֣飬ȴøʮִ㵣ɱУȻһҪȰﳤ࣬С䡣
գڸСķһ֮£ʮ塱һεɱ˼ƻʧܣﳤలȻ
С䣬ȴòʼ
Ǳѣɱֲѣһ֮Ϊѡ



һǧپʮ ĵڶ
ȸᡷĹ£ڼ
С䣬ĹУΪѣһͬԸʮ塱׷ɱ
УС䣬һŮˣһƯŮˣŮ˵ļңΨһĹޡ
СҪŮˣͬˣСȥŮ˵ļҡ
Ů˽˫˫
С俴˫˫
ֻǣ˫˫˵෴˫˫ǸȫĻζһǸϹӡ
СտʼʱǳĲ⣬˫˫ϣȫûԱɫ˻ֺţϵıһȫһ
ңᣬ˵Ҳᡣ
˫˫໥˵黰ֱǺԷ
СȻã˫˫ĺˡ
šֹۡᡢŮˣһġ
˫˫ļﻹһˣһչ˫˫ǲͣˡ
˶ۣжչ˫˫
֪ݡ
С䣬³ݣҲ³Сݡ
ԭСݼΪ򵥵ˡ
Ȼֵһ֣𿪼ס
С䣬µĿȸɽׯׯ
С䡱Ȼࡣ
꣬ȸɽׯׯҲĸף̩ɽ֮۾µһֽ𿪼ס
һսءյĽǣµһֽ𿪼սܡ
𿪼֮սܣΪ书ȸɽׯׯ书µһȻȿȸɽׯׯǿ
ǰڿȸ֮¡
ȸᣬϾûκһְܱȿȸ£Ҳûκְܱȿȸָ
ûҲûܱܿĹ
µһֽ𿪼Ҳܲ
ԣ𿪼װˣʧȥۡ
𿪼ķڷһƽľȸҲһȸɽׯׯܹĹȴûжȸĹȸɽׯׯӮù
𿪼װˣ֮ΪһЩԭ򱻸һ
ԣɽ
Ȼչ˫˫ÿ춼֮ʱ޿̲Ϊϰʹ
ǸʹûˣҪ֡
𿪼׺ˣ˫˫˵ϲơ
𿪼׺Ȼͬ⡣
ϧϲƺȲˡ
Ϊʮ塱ɱ֣һҵǡ
һһˣɡʮ塱ͷĿԴ졣
ƺһУһεɱһܹɱˡ
ϧƺһУ㲻µһֽ𿪼׻
ԣһεжѾע˻ʧܡ
Ҳȷˣ𿪼סˣɵľɱˣڵɱ֡
ǻᷢ
ɱУһɱֲûըŽ𿪼׸ʬ壬ȫ޷֮ʣýͻȻ˽𿪼ס
ˣ𿪼ˡ
ÿӲԼˡ
ˣζطٰȫ࣬˫˫뿪ط
ѭ𿪼ǰԸ˿ȸɽׯ
˫˫˷ֱǰøԺʲôѣһҪȥȸɽׯ
Ӧˡ
˫˫ˣ˸ƽĴׯס£Ӵ˹иŮ֯ճϢ
Ҳ׵ıΪһũˣ˫õǳͷɱ˵
ƽ̫֮֮ܲǰߵ棬ҵǡ
Ҫɱ𣬸Щ˫˫
ҪȥǾֻɱ档
ֻǣѾûùǹѾ˻ҳȴû⡣
ʱõȫǳͷΪ˱ȴҹ书
ûɱ棬ǳĻֲ̿
ҵ˵Ҫһ֮Բ֮ҹɱ˸
ǲ뵽࣬ȥȸɽׯһ
ȸɽׯĿȸᡣ
ȸɽׯǳþеɼҳǱһ
ڿȸɽׯˣѾΪȸɽׯׯ࣬ұ⡣
Ӧˡ
˵ȸʹɱˣǾø򲻵ѵ£Բʹÿȸᡣ
ӦˣȸУ˲䲻ٽǺͿ־壬ȸ֣ѾԵ֮С
ص˫˫ļҲڡ
ڣӣţѾ˿濴
Ѿ㹻š
գ涯֣׵ľɱ棬ûʹÿȸᡣ
书ͱ߳࣬ѾûҲһ
֮ǰ֮лֲ̿Ϊȱ㹻ġ
ڣȸ֣㹻ţȻ׵ľɱ档
ʱ˶ˣĵڶʲô
ģ
ĵڶǰȸᣬģ
ʤȥȡģһġ
۶ôµҲȲ˵ġ



һǧ߰ Ӳ
ĵڶģȫ֪˴𰸡
ȸᡷĹ£ȴûн
ɱ֮ȴͻȻ֣ȸ᲻ˣʧ˻·ϡ
һͬСɣ׿ȸԿȸɽׯҪԣҲ֪ȸᣬһ塣
ȸǿȸɽׯׯ֮ΪпȸĴڣȸɽׯŻ£
ȸɽׯûпȸᣬϢ©֮һ𽭺ϸΧпܾʹ˸
ڣѿȸŪˣԴ˫˫ߣԶҵ
һε˿ȸɽׯлĴ㡣
࣬ѿȸŪˣȻķ䡣
ҪԲһüͷ
Ĭ֮ȴû˵ʲôǴŸȥԼĸӡŮˣȻִŸȥˣЩڿȸµλ
ѸˣÿȸҵУ˸һܡ
ĿȸǼٵġ
ԭĿȸѾˣĸʧ̩ɽ֮ۡ
û˿ȸᡣ
֪书ʵԶ֮ϣԻֲ̿ȫΪûսʤġ
ཫٵĿȸʵǽġ˸
ģȻ׵ľɱ棬Ҫȸİ
ȸѾʧ飬ֻ֪ĸףࡣ
ڣĸѾֻһ֪顣
ԲѿȸѾʧ֮£κһˡ
ΪȸɽׯȸʧϢһ©˷ȸɽׯܿͻӭ֮֡
ڣΪѸΪ˶ʧȸһ¶¸˸
֪֮󣬹ȻٸΡ
ɫȴʮֵʹ࣬ʹĶԸ˵κ֪ܡ
ص˵ͷ仰˼
۾˱˺ʹ࣬һ޿κΣ޷ı˺ʹࡣ
ٿҲԸٿ߳ҡ
֮󣬸˵ллһѾꡣ
Ǻþƣ˶ƣζ;Բˡ
µһƣѾ˶Ƶĺþơ
ζ϶ãǶƱһ
һѾмֵӣѣֵܣվҲӲˡ
ˣȸᡷᡣ
ĵڶǰȸᣬģ
ֻǣĽ֣δЩˡ
ȸɹջģɱǿ棬Ϊʧ˿ȸᣬԼһơ
Ȼԭвûȷ˵µǱƣǲǶƣҲûȷдǲˣ
ݸѷ֣ȥǱƣǶƣˡ
ǿˡȸᡷΪˣʵ𣿡
ϣܹشǣӦòû
شǵģ϶Ĵ𰸣
ҲϣûҲȷûȷдûӸֱȷѾˡȥǱƣǶơ
ԵģȷѾˣʧ˿ȸᣬֻǼٵģĽѾע
ôӦΪԼʹɱԱܣΪˣҪɱ֮ѡɱģ
ΪӦǺߡȻȷɱлĴ㣬ȥȸɽׯǱɱлĴ㡣˫˫Իȥһɱ˵ὫȸѾʧܣκһˡ仰˼ҪɱѡɱȻѡøɱҲǼΪʹͰ˵ģǲӦȥֻܸ࣬̾˭Ӳˡ
µȷܹ࣬ȸʹࡣҪҲָֻܹԼɣ˵ҪĿȸҲŪ
ȷɱģӲҪ˵ɱ˸Ҳܹ˵ͨΪʾøѡɱġ಻߸ȸǼٵģĻƱػһǸУʹһԸѡ֪࣬ȻлɱӦҲ֪һ㣬Ż߸ġΪʲôûһȫķӣ
ȫķӣӦûаɣһֱ⡣ҾðɣȻȸͶˣҲǼٵġôΪʲô˵ţ˵ȸϵش󣬼ңҲûȨȸ㡣֪书ʵԶ֮ϣһܹɱģȱٵֻġԣҽ˸ٵĿȸ㣬Ҫӵģҽģʵǡġһ϶ΪĿȸỹڿȸɽׯͲḺˣҲ಻塣ȸᶪʧҲй¶Ϊ֪ȸᶪʧˡⲻȫ𣿡
¥ϵ˵ȷȫҲ뵽һЩͻ֣ᷢĻƷڡѡĶ壬ͻˡʲôѣǰ˵ĺԣһȸģһǽģͲǸѡ⣬ҲԸ˵ѣĿȸᶪ˾ǶˣҲѡУ˵ͱΪ֪ĿȸᣬȴһٵĸȻһٸˡٿȸһ£϶һֵ̣֮֮飬ͻѺۡΪԶ࣬ʵǸԽܡԣûȫİ취
ԭȷˡֻ˵һжˣ




һǧ߰һ 뵣
һжˣ˭ҲӲˡ
ԣˡ
ˣô˫˫ܹȥеԶ˼һ⡣
ܣܡ
ĿӦܹȥ
Ϊڸʧȸ󣬾ȥȸɽׯл֮ʱѾлĴ㡣
֪ܿһȥأ˫˫Ҳ֪
ԣ˫˫Ѿ׼ʹģǿĵġ
ΪԸһҲӱεĵˣɷӦˡ
ԣ˫˫úõĻȥΪԼΪúõĻȥ
⣬뿪֮ǰԸ˵˫˫úûȥġ
Ӧûչ˺˫˫
ԣ˫˫ܹúûȥĿԣС
еǣǸܵһЩο
ˣΪеźꡣ
ͨˣڶҲˡ
ʱѧ칫ҸΣ΢дûѾˣⲢûʲô顣ӹ֮ûȷдˣΪҲø˷ǳź
ҲȷźǻعڸˡΪȻˣȴ˱Ҫ߱κ͵
Ʒǲѷ֣ⲿƷ˽İȸᣬĵڶġ֮⣬صĽһ֣˱Ҫ߱κ͵
ֽᴩƷ
տʼˣԸӴ֮ģҲҪ°ﳤࡣ
Ȱﳤ࣬Ϊﳤȹж뱨Ǹ߱뵣
Ȱﳤ࣬򴿴ΪΪﳤ಻ΪﳤһΪԭĴھһ£ܳɣл˶档
ԣﳤ಻ΪԼҪΪԼҪ顣
ʣĵΡ
ţݱ֪ˣΪ˲˾ãֻȸᣬѡˡʮ塯뵥ƾԼ߽⡮ʮ塯Ϊȸȥ£
Ϊȸɽׯׯ뷨ʶˣ̩ѣص˿ȸɽׯеȸɽׯΣһεӦþ߱κ͵
ٵ󣬸¶֮ǰ߸ﳤھѾ
֮ǰԸģҲҪȰﳤľûа׷ѣǵľж˽οĽǶӦþ߱κ͵һ
ԣ˱Ҫ߱κ͵ҲⲿƷҪһص㡣
ôٿûôˡѡɱҲһκ͵֣ܹ֮䡣
˫˫ΪѡеˣΪߣҲӦΪе˰ɡ
΢ܳеǣ÷ǳϸ
֮ǹȻ֮ǰˡ
ǸõĹޡ
ңúƽǷǳ׵ġ
ӹԭдһ
ͽⱭҲȥ
ǿҲãǶҲãúȥ

Щ£ԸҲãԸҲãɵġ
һƽƽʱƽƽػŸס
ƺȷˣһҪƽƽЩʱȷҪƽƽȥӵס
еǸ̾һȥȥ顣
Ȼ۵Ľ㣬תΪ˵ڶȸᣬԼĵڶġ
ɾǵ飬ǳɡãҲǳ˷ܡ
ʵȻˣڶҲ͵һһбϵҲ
ҪǣڵĵڶҲˣԺĵֱ֡֡Ӧöˡ
ڴ£ʵ˷ܡ
ȸģڶµĹ˼Ȼֱ֮һĹ£˸֮Щ֮⡣
ʤȡģһҪġ۶µҲȲġӹ˵ĺðĲǿ
ĵڶģ֮ǰ˲µ𣿡
Ӧ˲µģ߰˵ô𰸣Ӧûĵġ
۹ȻˣҲµľģȻıҲˣʵ̫˼ˡ
˲аѲݣôûأ˵ĸоһǳɡ
൱ȲбǰĸоҪ̫ࡣ

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ΪҲˡ
ȷ˵ӦĴ𰸣ġ
վҲ¶ˡ
ЩĶ貨˵ô裬Ҳ¶˰ɡ
貨ȴϸ˵ֲв¶ˣӦֻѡһ𰸣һ𰸶ˣǲĲ¶ˡһѴ𰸣¶ʲôõġ
⡭Ҫһȴ貨˵ĵȷе
֣ȷӦ¶ˡ
ðɣı飬˵´ֻһִ𰸣ٲ¶ˣô˵λᣬҵúúõİա
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һǧ߰ 񵶡
һǣҲͬڶ
ǷǸпΪµľ˼п
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ٸ̾Ҳ˼ҹӹƷھϣ£ܹͻȻһУҲдһƷ
ֶԽȥ룬ԽûУ˳Ȼĺáھֱַ֪ʲôʲô
ӦҲǳˣˣӦǵˡ
ǵĿԵȷСĵȻ˷롣
Щ²ģʼ²ˣӰʵĽ


ʥ塣
пԭǿȸģ֪ˣ֪ѾõĴ𰸵ĸоǷǳĲ
֣Цڵĸоǳܿ죬ĸоֻ᲻ˡ
Ŷ֣࣬˵Ϊʲô
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⡭΢΢һϣȻ֣ʵȻ֣ͬ˵һ
ڵĸоȷֿʼˣΪȷֿʼ룬ֻʲô
СӸϵƷڴεĽ࣬ǸɶСӡ
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Ի˵Ϊ˱ظУԼڴĴڽʱˬУǰ֪˴𰸣ɾûˬˡ
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ո֪ˣڶʲôʱָо
ԣҲˣ˿֣ࡢҡˣЦЦ˵֣ءգǱֻ˵ң˵ĺǲڴһǻǺһ֮ǰڴһڣֽڴµһڡ
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ҵһѽϷǳĵ
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һһĴ磬أ÷·˵ĺ

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Ȼˡ񡱷ǱˡȴһģǾ÷ǳС
Ӧþˣţһ깫ӡ
ǲ֪ǷҲǸһЩŮԵ
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ҵ飬飬ʮ꣬ǽŮҲĲŮ
̫үԼϣΪһ
лδ׵Ĺǣ׷׸ɽׯҪ˹顣
ľ֣൱Ķܷ࣬񱧵˹飿ʵ˵ý
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ݵĴɫ
ԣ
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ԣܾŮ롣
ŮԵЩĹĵġ
еǿʱϵЦʮԡ
һŮ˶ŮԵȻҲ˶һ
μӵܹȻһĳɫ



һǧ߰ ʵ
ŮԵҲеǸŮװŮһǸƯӣⲿƷŮˡ
ȻжƪƷҲŮǲǡ
ֻǴ˶Ҳͱ˶һЩ飬ȾƣȻ˼ҡ
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ԭ¬ɮˮΨһѣһӽ¬Сơ
һҲΪ˵ɽׯȥ̫үף٣˳ҵ飬顣
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ﻳ¬š˵ˡɡУһ˾ͷϴ
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ŮʿܱˣȴҴŮʿαװ
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ĵǳʵٵԣǰĵʱѾŲµˡ
𰸽ʱǷԼĲ²ⲢûдǺЩ˷ܡ
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ŭŽͱ˸ϵüһһ̤֮С
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Ȼ˹ӹ΢·ѯԡ
⣬ش𣬶ʵҲ֪𰸡
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ѾţҹΪʲôҪݺעһԶֻܱǲϵ²⡣
ȻҲһҲע˻һֱ²⡣



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Ҫ˫ж꣬ѵĴȻ󣬿ջȴ㹻һС
Ϊ˫ʢԵġ
ʢһִġ˫šѽʮ꣡

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ǵ
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Ϊ˫סʲô̾ͽزס֣ͺǸŮһ
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ϧı󣬲ŵȴ顣
Ϊ飬ʵ顣
˫ŵˣÿɱһˣڻϿһۡ
ǲɱ֮ˣԣÿһ۶ţһԺһʱĺú
ţҲпǳĶԡ
Ǻǻˡ
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ͣ㲢ûΪʢҲһۣʢһ۶û¡
˫Ųֻʢˣˡ
ͣѾĻ˼Ĵۣѽʮ˫š
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ͣһʤߵ̬ۣ۵ȷûд
ʢһʱһ˫ţɢ
ʲô
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ʢԣ˵˫ĶֻһԶ黷
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˫Ķ˶黷֮⣬гޡ
޾ѹӢһֻҪһ˵һ᳤ġ
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˫ڻԸ֮ˣз˵Լʦţ䲻Ӣ
ͣɳԼɱͩǰȥ׷ɱˡ
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롢໥ɶԷǼϸԺͣŶԷǼϸ
ӢȻ֣ҵ롢ˡ
ȻѾ˫ŵˣͬ˳޵ӡ
롢Լļƻ취ͣãȻһɱͣ㣬Ϊ˫ű
Ӣ֪ͩͩҵȻͨͩá
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ڸͣǰӢͨԼļ̡ǻۺͻǣڳɹȡ˸ͣΣͣΪһõ
ͣյţдţᡣ

ͣ㲢ᣬΪһ룬ͽᣬһˣ
Ӣһҳķֶ棬ҪΪǿ
ӢϵּīϸڣдŵˣӦǸͣϤ֮ˡ
Ҳ˵ͣǱԵס
ͣȫͬӢƶϣӢȨޣҳǸԵס
գӢͨܵļƻͩΪԵףͣһ֮˸£һڸͣǰɱͩ
Ϊøͣ㳹׵ӢҲ˸һֵֻĴۡ



һǧ߰ 
Ӣɹɱͩɱ˸ͣɱ֡
ͩҲ˫ŵ֮һӢ˸ĵһ
ͩȻļϸӢºıøͣˣͩļϸ
ǱĵһҲøͣʧȥ֡
Ӣ˼ɵ˾ͩҪɱͩ
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ӢʹһƲߣøͣΪϸ
ͣɱ˹
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ӢҼϸ֮ɱͩøͣɱ˹
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ҪøͣɱԼİŮˡ
ԭǰӢûб˫ţ˫ֻһֱ˿ġ
ΪʢѾоˣ˫˸ͣļϸ˫ţΪ˰в˭Ǹͣļϸ
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ԭʮۣڣͣһۡ
ΪҲҪ˫黷ɱһˡ
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޵Ǿ޴ģе˶òһ㡣
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ȷܹµĳޣ;°ɣõġ

ޣΪһƲĻ⣬˵⣬ⲻЩء
ģƫƫһּ黷
ƺùڳ޵Ļ⣬Եøӵĳء
ۣһҡǣҲ΢ϷˣԼĶ黷֮ĸܡ
΢д顯Ǻεʫһ˭˱飿޴һʼѾпİࡣһһ㷢ͼǿҲɱ˫ۡԣǵﲻҪֻޡ
貨ͬ΢д黷ӹµĵǡޡƷʼ͸¶һֳصϢš븴Ǹûа취ȥӱΪ޶ģһԶ㣵ʹ࣬˭Գ޵
Ҷдͣ˫ţӢ˳޵ӡӢȴòó޵ӣԼ﷢ѿӴֻ֮ʣ˸䲻Ϊ޶ȴΪ޶֡顢ɡ׷󡭡ڳǰĲ԰һǿɱһ޴ѡ񡣡
дӢһλƹȴһλӣֻһų޵ӣѿšܼӡɫĶʦšӴ֮ʦĴȰͬŵѰ˵񰮣޷ˡȤ˾ƹһɹĸʹߣļ̡ǻۺ¸ңΪ˫š˳Ҳһֳɹɡ
Ҳ΢дӢĸˣԼҲͬʱڳ޵ĻУȼյ棬ܹһеʻ𣬵ܹҲһӢĹ½ˣһڳ޵Ĺ£ҪʼһڽСܶ˵һʼջڳ޵Ӱޣһֱȶ黷µԸǶܰѡޡ⸽֮

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˶ȴȥһڣࡣ



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ʢȴ˵Ӵٿ£ҲҪĸױ
⣬ʢͨһϵеϸڣɱ׵˭
ǰﳤࡣ
ﳤɱ׵Ķ㡣
һﳤ׼ھ֣׾ܾˣðﳤȥﳤ˻ġ
ڶﳤܾܿǣᡰʮֶĶɱףȻΪܾᡣ
ǣʢûʵԵ֤ݣԼϲϣϲܹҵﳤɱ׵֡
ϲȴ˵ЩʱۼĶҲδʵ࣬οʢû׼Űﳤ֡
ˣܾʢ
ʢҲ˵ϲھܾԺӦġ
Ϊܸоõϲϲ
ϲ˶뿪˶˵Ϊɱʢ׵֣Ӧþɱͨ˵֣ҲһֱѰҵ
ϲԴ˼ûбʾ϶Ҳûбʾ񶨡
֮󣬶ϲ˶ˣͨڵıؾ֮·ϣʢ
ǲ֣֪ʢһȥڵġ
Ϊ׸µŻľǶڣƲﳤڶڡ
˶ʢϲҲĸں档
·ϣһ·Ҫɱ˶ʢˡ
˶ȴ˵һϵúˣҲһϵúòҪ֡
֪˵ݡ
˻ǳˣ˶ȴûϳݣֻ֪Ǻ˵Ķ֡
ڶϲʱϵú˲òȥǶϲ˶ʢֵĶ֡
˭
˶ΪӦǰﳤࡣ
⣬ҵһЩ֤ݣ֤˰ﳤȷӦþǣɱʢסͨ˵֣ҲһֱҵᡰʮֶĶ
ϲһη˵ҪʵԵ֤ݡ
ô֡ԼᡰʮĶĻǰﳤ
𰸺ܿͽΪǹĹ£Ѿβ׶Ρ
ϲǶ𣬶һٵάﳤ࣬õ˶ʢ˲²⣬Ͱﳤ֮䣬ӦһַǳĹϵ

˶ʢˣӵһصϢȥ
˲²⣬ȥˣӦþǸ֣ȥǳΣա
Ϊ֪࣬ҲΪ˱˻Ǿǰȥ
˴ǰ˶ʢţһ˽˴
Ȼڵˣһǰﳤ࣬һǺ塣
ֹȻǰﳤࡣ
˶ΪģȻͰﳤද
˶ǰﳤĶ֣Σʱ̣Աߵĺ־
ԭ岻ĺ壬Ƕϲٰġ
֮ͻȻа˼Ҫɱǡ
ûгɹϲ˶⡣
ǰϲߵ˶ʵǰﳤĶӣⲢάﳤԭ
άﳤΪﳤಢ֣ҲᡰʮֶĶ
һжһıõ˶ʢˣΪﳤ֡ı
˶ʢˣܹܴɵҳܶÿһɶеִɶֻаﳤһȫϡ
ԣ˼Űﳤ֡
˶ڴ￴ﳤ֮󣬸ȷ˰ﳤ֣ԲŻﳤද֡
ǣﳤΪֻ˶أ
ԭﳤʵҲڵ֡һ£ҲӵһصϢȥ
ҲΪ֮˾֡
ԣ˶ʱ򣬱Ϊ˶֡
׼ˣһͻᶯ֣Ϊ˶˲ĴӢۣԼ뷨
˶ܾˣ־֮ˡ
ںڰУ˷䰵Ǹˣ֡ϲ֮Ϊ
ļƻУ˶ﳤˣʱӦ˴ڣû׼ϲҲڡ
ԣ˶ûﳤҲû
ﳤڵƺЩＤս˶ΪһƬ档
˶󾪣ϲȴ˵û£ΪֱܵͨڣӦͨܵ˶ڡ
ںΣգϲ˶ʢ˱ȥ
ҪȥȻҪӲϲܴа취
ٰɽ˶ʢķ²Ҳ͸
һ϶Ӧþˡ
ʵҲȷˣ׵˶ڣ
ʱںͰﳤţﳤѾ֪ʵݣǳź
ɽԵ÷ǳ˷ܣ߹ȥɽļ˵
ֻϧɽɽǶϲٰ硣
ԣɽˣ֮ǰռϷѾڵˡ
˭ﳤͶϲѾ³ݡ
Ӫھϰ֮һĹ鶫
еȫ֡ᡰʮֶĶǹ鶫
˶ʶϲΪʲôһΣգѵ飬ȴܹ׵Ľ
ϲش˵Ϊ̫ѣ̫ΣգԹ鶫벻˸ðգԲܹ׵Ľ
ڣ鶫Ѿ֪һֻҪȥðգ¾;ûвܽ¡
ϧѾˡ
Ƕϲ˶ʢˣܹҵԭ
ԣĵǰǹ
ˣǹᡣ
е֪ˣĵʲô




һǧ߰һʮ ·Ѿγ
ڿǹ֮ǰеǶϣǹĹ£Ҫ򡶶黷ء
ڿˡǹеϲǹĹ¹ȻٳأһתΪ˻ǡڶг
ĵطǳࡣ
磬ϲ˶ˣһҪȾơţ⣬ǡ·һƺţ
˱ϰʮ±ţ⣬ʮơ
ϰǸСӣдӦһȴһֱţòñȷ磬˿û;ƺţ˼
ϲ͵˶˵˰죬Сӻû
ϲţ;ƻԼ߹
Сӻش˵ᣬţ;Ʋ·ǻ·ֻƺţ⣬ˣԡ
ϲӹҪȾƳ⣬͵Լ߹ȥá
Сֵ֮Լ߹ʡ
ȫڶгĵطǳ࣬ԣǴʱ飬Ƿǳú˷ܵģȫ꡶黷ء
ǹҲǾȻ
ǹ˰ԵȻӦ
ֻǣǹˣһεεŮ˶еǳ⡣
֮˷ܡ¶
˭Ժֳ︡һεεŮ趯޴󡢳صİǹĳԵ˷ܡ
Աһֵ׳趯ǹĳ˷ܵĶࡣ
е뵽ĳ۷Ź⣬
󣬡ǹǶϲ˶֮ϲҲǲضãЩʱǶϲķͷϲ˵˵һϲ
Ȼϲ˶ʢˣһһҳֵĹ̺Ҳǿղܡ
˶ʢˣɰﳤ֣ҵ˰ﳤֵĸ֤ݡ
еǣҲ˰ﳤ֡
ԴˣȫеǳźЩԽܡ
ΪǵӡﳤӦһˡ
Ҳϣﳤһˡ
ڡȸᡷУˣԸҲҪ°ﳤ࣬ﳤһ˵Ļ˵ѡ񣬾ֵ̫ˣҲȴˡ
źǣڿľȴˡ
Ϊ˺棬ְﳤಢֵʱеǲԵþϲ
ﳤȷһˣ˵ѡûдҲûоȴˡ
һ̣ǵν䣬ʮֵúˬ
ϣ۷׷ס
ĶϲŭСڶгĵ˶ʢⲿƷ˿ʮãΪﳤֵʱЩԽ֮⡣
ӹ˵úãֻҪ¾ûн˵顣
ĿǰΪֹǹ岿ƷУڶгһ֪Ʒַģ
Ҳ֪Ѿֻ֣ʣˡ
ǰֻʣˣͻȻǳ᲻ð
ǰҲ᲻ãɹӹдʮͺˡ
ʮҲǲǳ˵ʮҿֱдʮˡ
ҲˣǵȻǲܵġ
ǹѾֱֵ֪ʲô
֪ҷڵЩìˣҼϣϿϣһЩٳ֡Ϊ֮󣬾ֻʣһˣ᲻á
ҵҲìˣӹܹдͺˡ

֪䣬ѾˣۿžֻʣˣеȫͻȻеʮֵ᲻á
һµһµĹ£һµڴʮֵĶأҲʮֵǿңǷǳڴĸо
ڣֻʣֻˣȻǳ᲻á
ֻͨ᲻ãһߣǣҲͬ᲻á
ߵȦӡ
ǹҲˣֻʣˣ⻹Щ᲻á
ǰȷо᲻ãĹ˼ʵ̫ˣϣܹ
һһ£һһ˼ȷǳľڻʣҺúõϧɡ
õƷȷҪϧģôһϧɡ


ʱѧί칫ҡ
пֻ֪ʣˣȫͻûп
貨ƷǸ˿ĸоվҪģźҲûа취ڻڻ̫п
֮󣬿ɾ൱˸пˡ
貨̾Ǿûа취ˣٸпҲվҪġ
εǰվҪģԸǣܹооӹ·ƷȡһЩ·Ʒ
貨õģǣҲܹƷ
ͷֵ·ƷѾºӡˣѾȫγɡԺС˵ӵֺͷḻС˵Ҫлӹ
貨ȷˣӹʱˡ



һǧ߰һʮ 𹳡
Ѿд֡
ǿˣǳʵĹ£ӹµС˵ҲѾ˺ӡ
µС˵Ѿȫγɡ
Ӵ֮С˵øӵķḻеȫʶһ㡣
ôҸе˷ܣԽС˵Ʒӵڴ
Ѿдֻ֣ʣ֣ǸеʮֵĲᡣ
ϣӹܹдҲ֪뷨ͺãӹȻǾȻٶд
ڣֻܱϧģˡ
ˡ
𹳡
𹳡ǵ
֣ﲻһЩɻ
ǹס˼ȻסˣΪʲôҪ𡱣
Ʒһʼ͸˽͡
ШӣǰûШӣڵС
֪ǹʮ˰еߣأ
ҲҲǹ
ȻǹΪʲôҪ𣿡
Ϊ۹סʲôס֣־ҪסĽţĽžҪ𡣡
סҵʺҾͺˣ
ǵġ
ΪʲôҪ˲п
ΪҲԸǿ𡣡
˼ˡ
ף
𹳣ֻΪҪۡ
ǵġ
ШӣеǶˡ
ΪʲôҪ𹳣ԭǹסʲôʲôҪ
ȷûë
ʹЩпΪԸమ
սʤĶ֣ȻͲİˡ
ʹ𹳣ֻΪҪۡ
еǻȻ뵽˶黷
黷Ϊ飬ʵ顣
𹳣ΪʵΪۡ
֣֮ͬϲ֡
ڻ֪֪𹳾һûеʱǻΪ𹳸һµĺ塣
𹳣ҲšһϵеĹ£ˡ
ڣǻ֪һǻûΪ𹳣µĺ塣
Ȳģ𹳡Ĺ¡
𹳡Ĺ£ڶԪĲβ֮չģһԪӦһҪ
Ҫֱǵ
ϮһȺµһ٣һˡ
ǽĺˡõСͷڵ룬һ΢С
ƪ±Ҫ֮Ĺ¡
һʼ˵ض㷢¶֮ˣǰμһʢᡣ
ڴǰ򽭺ĺ˷䣬ӸϮһȺ롣
˶ˡ
俴һƥ߼۹ãʾǮӡ
뾺ûеǮ
Ȼǣ뻨߼ƥȴ͸䡣
⵫Ծ£һˡ
û֪ˣҲɱˡ
ңɱ˴Ӳñ֪
ڣɱ䣬һѼⲿɱˣ˿ڡ
ԣû֪ǱɱģֻΪǺȾƺȶˣ⡣
伫ȾƣÿζȺܶ࣬һڳ⡣
ң֮ǰһƥֵƵıôܻɱ
ɱģһӦþרΪɱһƥ͸˻ɣɱˡ
Ҳ
һ˲µɱ䣬ߵŮ˼˼
˼˼ߵ룬Ѿ֪ɱַͨס룬õ벻
ǳΪķǳɹġ
ϧ֪ԶκһܺˣҲ֪ΨһϲˣֻԼ
ԣ˼˼ˡ
ΰõһСͷһ÷ŮˣģϲģҪȢΪޡ
һ糾ŮӣϲԸȢΪޡ
ҲϲԼ䲻Ծܾ
ԸҹѶᣬҲԸ
Ǹˡ
Ϊ˼˼Ľ㣬оɱ˼˼Ҳ֪ƺоˣԵɱڡ
ˣΪ£ͬʱΪ¡
һΣɱġ
ֻʱаȫУپܾΰˡ
ֻǣڵĴҲǳ鷳
ΪΪһڰһȦ֮С
һרΪšƵȦס
Ϊ˽ˣһʱһӡ
ͷҪȥֱ֪Ϊȡʮʱ䣬ʮ֮ҳ࣬ΪԼϴԩ
ֻʮʱ䣬ʮ֮ڣ֤Լ׵ģֻܱˡ
ȴǻҪɱȥɱῡ
ҪɱΰҲҪɱġ
ΪԼĲɱΪ˲¼࣬ԼףΪİͷϣΪ˲
ῴһѾӣȡһ
𹳣
Ϊ밮۵𹳣



һǧ߰һʮ β˶
ȡ˳𹳣Ϊ˲İ
ҪǰȥԸҪİˡ
ɹˣİԶء
ʧˣֻܺİˡ
ʱ䡣
Ҫȥҵ룬Ϊ֣е鶼еӰ档
˼˼õĵΣҪɱСҶӣʧ٣ʵĵĴ̿ͣΪ̿ʬˣ䡣Щ±ȫûһϵȴΪ룬е鶼һˡ
µʱ򣬵Ҳͬ¡
ģҲƺǲսʤģ书ߡ
СࡢүɡˣþƲҪ룬ȴһһɱ
ǽģҲнľʱ
ԣҵʱûأ׵ɱΰȴû
ǽģмûɱΰҪֱӽնڽ¡
⣬ῳе飬ɱ䡢˼˼׷ɱģʧٵҲȵȡ
ΪſɱΰǰЩҲûйϵΪ´ɡ
˵ţҲȷŵɣ书ȷҪԶ֮ϡ
ȻվǷһû뵽Ώһ֣ԲеķʽԸ
𹳣סԼֱֱۣԼ
ΪֻۣҪۣ۶ʹ𶼿ܡ
ϱȻҲܹܡ
һֱ۵Ĵۣбб𣬷Զ߸ϵĵʺ
ԣ硣
ˣ𹳡ᡣ
𹳡ͻȻ˵ĸоȻֹ
ԣеǶЩûзӦȷ顰ȫꡱ֮󣬲ȷ𹳡ˡ
󣬴ܸоβ˵ʲôΪȻֹԭ򣬶Ϊʲôԭ
Ϊʲôôܾýβ˵ʲô
еǣȫڷ˼⡣
ͻȻҷԭǾǡ𹳡ûڽβĵʲô
ǰӹڽβһܽᣬҪ˵ʲô
ԣ˵ĵһǽЦ
𹳡ûܽ䣬ȫڵ󣬾ͻȻȻֹˡ
ʲô
ѵǹӹһܽ᣿
⵱ȻǲܵģûŹӹһܽᡣ
ôֻһԭˡ
ӹǹģûڡ𹳡һܽ䡣
ֻǣӹΪʲôҪô
ѵʲô⣿
˶Ժ˼⡣

ǰ
𹳡ĽβȷǳͻȻҲûܽԵ䡣
ʵġʼֻ岿ûС𹳡
𹳡֮󣬲ű׷Ϊǡеġ
ƷķʽͷԼȻˣضǿ֯жϣ𹳡ȷӦǣġеĵ
𹳡׷Ϊĵûʲô飬ҲõձϿɡ
ֻǣڡ𹳡󣬲ûǰһܽԵĸ
ԣ𹳡ŵģĵʲô
ˡ
ǰĲֳ磬ڳ桶𹳡ʱڽβôһ䡣
߱ذܡ
仰κˣӦԶ
֮Ҫôһ䣬Ϊǰһ⣬߱ذܣΪ佾
ıǡ佾
ܶ˿𹳡ʱ򣬿󡰽߱ذܡҲ𹳵壬Ϊ佾
ʵǹı⣬ֻǺдġ
ң佾˵ʵǷǳǿΪԸ˵ģ佾ǾԼģǰġЦġȵȶǶԸ˵佾ǰļ̫
ԣı⣬Ӧòǽ佾
ôʲôѾûܹشˡ
ΪѾţµһԶ
ڹΪʲôڡ𹳡ܽԵ⣿Ҳͬû֪𰸡
ҵǿԲ²һ
𹳡ѾǹڵƷˣʱȡǹꡣ
ǰ䣬йͣʣҲйǳĸпЩпǣڡ𹳡ܽԵԭ
ȻҲпԭǶ֪ӣȾƣŮˡ
Ҳд𹳡ʱɺˣܽԵĵ⡣
ǴʦƵķʽ
ȻֿԼûеģĿԻǣд𹳡ʱ̬ǰѾ˽ϴ
𹳡ĵʲôע˺˽ᱻԶĲ²⡢ȥ
ڣ𹳡磬ĵʲô
Ҳע˻磬𲻶ϵĲ²顣



һǧ߰һʮ ĵʲô
𹳡ĽβΪʲôûܽԵԸп
ĵʲô
ϣǹ㷺顣
Ҳ𹳡úͻȻĵʲôҲûܽᣬӹɶ⣿
ҪԼȥĵʲôɣϾùӹΪܽ᲻ǡ
ţӹӦõȷ˼ѾΪܽȷӦԼȥˡ
һ˵ͻȻúǳ˼ӡ
ȷǳ˼ôĵʲôһ°ɡ
룬Ϊ˲Լ𣬾Ķó˶𹳡ңֻʱ䣬ҲȻҪҳࡣѵĵǡġ
ģţӦòܡΪġһĻǰҲоģоĸ˫˫һ𣬶о֤Լףھʲôܽͣ൱ʲôͲˡԣӦòǾġ
ĵȷоôҲԣǹȻˡ
ǾģҲѵ飿޵ĸ֮飬޺ʦ֮飬ĵİȵȣʵ١
飿Щȷ飬ῲûȥԸ롣ԣ鲢
ѵۣвֹһεĵʹΪۡдΪֻۣҪۣ۶ʹ𶼿ܡ
ţӦõȷǹӹҪһ⣬ѡۡ˵һ˵еְɣۺƺûʲôϵ
ۡȷ˵һҵ뵽һ˵ΪʲôᱻɱΪ̫ˣôһῡԣҲһֻȽ⣬ǰ漸һǰ漸ɱˣǱɱԣ뱻ɱˡ
Ҳ¥ϵ˼·ǳ氡еͿ˵ɱ˲ΰԼǱԼӵеɱġ
ȥ˵ˣȻ֪Щȴƺ޷
ȷˡ˵˵佾ܹ½Ͳᱻɱˡ
Ҳã佾Ҳգȷе⻹Ǻ֮ǰġۡһƺҲ˵һ
⵹Ҳǣôĵɶƺܽᰡ
ȷܽᣬҪǰĶ̫ˡҪǣǹӹƷҪ²ӹƷȻһΪѵ顣
ȷˣӹƷ׵ľ˲²
ԽѲ²Խ˼ңֻڲ²⣬ЩǣԴҲǳȤģǴǵĴ𰸡
Ȼһֱڵء

˵һһߣǣҲʲôǳĸȤ
ҲΪӹûڡ𹳡ĽβܽԵ⣬ΪöԼȥ𰸡
Ҳ뵽綼Ϊ
ˣĻڹӹ΢ѯʣΪʲôǰһ⣿Լĵʲô
֮ԻҪΪӹĵλѾ㹻ߡ
ƾӹڵĵλƷκεʣǶԼģȥѰҵģʵĴ𰸣ȥʹӹΪʲô
һһΪʲôڡ𹳡⣿
ǺܿԼҵ˴𰸣ΪӹΪˣöԼȥʲôĵ
Ĵ𰸡
ԣǺѹ

ĵʲô
һҲǳȤ
ĵʲô⻹Щò°ҪǺѸϹӹ˼ά
ǰӹϾǹӹҪ˼άѰ
ġ顢ۡ佾ǵ˼άǳԾ˵Ҳֻǵȷоĵ
ҷƺҲֻ뵽Щ𰸣ʵЩơ
ˣѡ𹳡ɣͻµˡ
ȷҪ飬֮Ӧûµ򡣡


ʱѧί칫ҡ
貨ˣҲͬĵʲôǳĸȤ
裬ô뷨𣿡
貨뷨Ǻܶ࣬ҪܽΪһָԵƣʵЩð찡
ͷȻͬ貨˵
뵽֡
ƴ
ǵƴΪĵƴ
ȫзǳĵطᵽƴ



һǧ߰һʮ ƴ
ĵʲô
뵽֣ƴ
ԣԼ뷨ɣԼ΢ϡ
д𹳡еĵ֣Ҫλε֮ǰĹ¡ǰ£һǳԵǾƷ󣬹ӹûȷĵʲô
ӹΪʲôǴ⣬Լȥ
ôĵʲô
ģ飿ۣ佾Щ˵иԵĵҲȷʵзǳԵ֣Ҫ˵һĻƺ˵ͨ
ңǰԵ֪ÿʲôӹǰзǳԵ˵Ȼ⡣
ԣӦҲǰУзǳԵʾ
ʲô
𰸾ƴ
ûƴģ
ԭ
ȣƷǰ벿֣û˵῵ʵݣǶ֪޵Ķӣһǿ书𹳡
Ǹʱֻ֪ῲ书ԼҲ˵Ҹʲô书ֻҪôܰ˴򵹡
˵Լ书Ҳȷʵûʹ书ʽȴܴĵˣȻǷǳգǧһ֮ʣ˴򵹡
῿ʲôþƴ
ƴķʽ˴򵹡
ңӹǳȷĵ֡
ΰһʲô书
Ώش˵Ҳ֪ʲô书Ҳûʲôʽֻʮؾ
ʣʮ֣
Ώش𣬡򵹱ˣ˴򵹡
ʣһˣǵ򲻵һᱻ򵹣ʱô죿
Ώش𣬡ʱֻˡ
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Ώش𣬡ƴ
ƴشģҲһֱġ
֮ǰûʹ书Ұţ߰ˣӦˣȡ𹳣ʹ书֮Ȼˡ
ƴķʽʹһȣԼ
ʱ书Զ֮ϣǿޱȵĵ룬һֱΪۣɹʹõԴԼ
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⣬˶ʱƴ֮⣬ܶطҲֳˡƴ
Ҫ࣬ȴֻʮʱ䣬ô죿ǵƴ
ƴ壬սʤа񣬻˲һĻ˵롣ƴ˰ģ밮Ҳ÷롣
ƴһ־һܱǿĵˣĹͷƴյ
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⣬ҸԿܶԼͬĸҵĴ𰸽Ҳο
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ӦþƴӹѾǰУȷˡǰ漸ӹǰȷһӦҲ⡣
῵ÿһսȷƴսʱΪԣȻԼһֱΪۣǳ׵ƴˡ
սʤ룬õȷ𹳣ƴƴĿսʤԼǿĵˡ
Ȼǲǳ˵һ仰𣬡ӲģӲ²Ҫġƴֱһռ
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ӦˣӹǰУȷˡֻҪǹӹ׿ڱĴ𰸣һˡ
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Ĵ𰸣һҲͬۡ
ƴţȷǳпܡ
һƴ𰸵ȷΪԣӦôˡ
ȻС˵ߣ۹൱Ϭ
ӡƴõ˴˵Ͽɣӹԭ⵽ǲˣܰٷ֮ٵȷԣӦûǻġ
϶ڣǹӹԷҹƹӹԴ˱̬һֱȥġ
Ȼѡ˲Ʒ⣬ȻͲܶԴ˱̬ˡ
ܵȷܻǻ飬ͬǹ۵㣬ƴĵ
Ҳͬ⣬ҾӦҲǹӹĴ𰸡
ӹƷΪʲôܹôĻҵĽʰ


ʥ塣
ڡƴ˵ͬġ
Ҳϸʲô
뵽ǡĴ𰸣Ҳƴ
ǲǹʦı⣿ǲö֪Ȩһο𰸣ؽ档



һǧ߰һʮ ڴһ
ʥ塣
΢֮󣬲˵ͷ˵˵òӦþƴˣСһÿԣȻֱڽβЧá
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ֵֶεȷһ⣬ֶһʹãЧƺõġСΪʲôڵʱʹˣ
֣˵ȷӦһϣС˵ϣѵһиõ뷨
ӦðɣСصġ
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Ҷ֮⣬һʡ¡һ˾ơ߸ڶǣҲ׷Լ΢Ϸ˸ֽ
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ڶǣڽ𹳡ʱȫһͬڴڴһ
ڴһˣȻֻǡ
ʵϣеߡԡԼܶˣȫǳڴ
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ʱѧ칫ҡ
ģǡƴõĹ㷺ϿɣЩ˺͵⡣
ЦԼϲ飬˵谡˵ӹԭ⣬ƴ𣿡
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貨ҡҡͷ˵ѾNɪˣҲù˰˵ĿԵȷСʵöԼȥʲôһʽһϣЧõġһǶӹȻӲ֪ܲԣһȻĿԣǷǳġ
ͷЦҲôΪģȻˣǾһθҽɡ
貨εNɪ

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ڴһȻǳϧһûˡ
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ǰϰ壬Ҷ˵һǹӹ˼һȻӦþʵһˣﻹס
ϰѾŴˣһʰһߵ˵Ҳǣǵȷסģֹֻܹӹѡд̫ˡˣһڵġЦˣøҡ
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һڵġЦڴ˷ܣĽ־ҵءҳ档
Ȼ󡭡Ȼȫһ㶣ַܿӦ˹
ϰ壬־⣬һû֣հһƬ



һǧ߰ٶʮ һ漣
ϰ壬־⣬һû֣հһƬ˵
־⣿ϰǶһ㶣ӦòܰЦ־౨־УһĴڣǹӹƷôܻأ
໹ûз־ǣҲϽ־Ȼҵءҳ档
Ȼ֣Ҳǿհף־ĳˡ
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һǿνǳƣ׷˵ϰ壬ô¶òȥĵ־ɣڹҿֹİ
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û취ǵʵǷǳĲ⡣
ԭڷһȴܹȷ
ǾǹӹһΣһ漣е漣



һǧ߰ٶʮһ ࣿ
ʱѧί칫ҡ
貨ˣҲЩ㲻״
裬ǽġЦûɣ
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貨ҲҪ롣

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Ҳҡҡͷ˵Ҳ벻ǰҶܲ͸һЩӹ⣬һΣȴȫ²ⲻӹһԵǰ޹˺ߣҲûɹ
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ֻǽһڴĦеǣҲڴĦҶһʡ˾еҡ
ǾŹӹôһ⣬ܹĦţĳ̶ֳ˵ǾѾ˹ӹ˼ά
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ȻģԼǸ˹ӹ˼άˣ˼뵵Ҫһġ
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˵ӹĵһŶûУһƬհףļٵģ
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Ҳˣ˼ȷ൱ľڵ𹳡ʱ򣬹ӹѾûеʲôĵˣǰѴԼȥڿӹڵʱΪһһ̵档
̵̵Ҳ̫ˣֱӾʲôûˣеһжֱöԼȥˡ
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ӹһζʵ̫ˣо
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ΪһЩ˴ʱǳ˷ܣǿ֮ǿհףԭʵܼ򵥣Ǿǹӹдˡ
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ȻҲһЩ˵һβ˶ҡǲŹӹЩ˵࣬ȷЩ
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΢΢һЦ˵Ȼǳ֣СһθĶֲС
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ӹ΢µϢ˲䴫磬ߡԡߡһҵȵȣȫڵһʱΧ˹ӹ΢
˹ӹ΢ݣ˷ܡߣΪ
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΢дӹʤСΪʲôһƬհˡˡʤԢ֮⣬ӹӦûһ⣬ǾһÿһλߵСǿԼȥ⣬һʲôÿ˵УһֲͬҲһ



һǧ߰ٶʮ һӰС˵
֮⣬ڶҡǣҲڸԵ΢ϣ˶ڵһƬհ׵⡣
˹ӹġʤСǸԶԼ⡣
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޷ǵģȷǵȴһŶûУһ漣е漣
ÿһ˵Уôеʲôӵģ
еһ֣޷ȶ黷飬𹳸ۣһ
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־硣
һ̾Ϣ˵ʤУӹʵ̫ǿˣһֽӰС˵硣Сƣ֮ǰĦӹʱⷽȥ𣿡
һЩɥҲЩɬ˵࣬ȫûС
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⵹ҲҰοʵȷʵˡСƣӹһ԰úõںϽԼƷںϺˣڴƷʱ򣬸ӵĵӦ֡
һ֪࣬ġУ࣬ڹӹġʽˣ˵һƷµķ𣿡
ͷӦǵģһӦܹ϶µķȻѾ˺ӡǲȻʣϾֻǼжƪƷӹٻҪһƪƷµķ񳹵׵ȹ
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չӹĴٶȣӦòȵ̫á
һͷҲΪʱ䲻ȵ̫á

ʤһе˶ˣΪհ׵⡣
ǣȻҲˡ
ӹһֻС˵ԣҲͬеǳľޡ
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˭֪ôģңǵƤѾˣôѾνˡ
ˣȥˣǻǼۡʤСһɣҪβ뵽һ򡣡




һǧ߰ٶʮ һǳƪƷ
ָΪΪ׵һǣһεȷֱžžˡ
ʤУ˭ܹ뵽ӹȻܹ
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ָΪΪ׵һǣһҧгݣΪһˣܹٷ֮ٻʤİգͷȴϤĽ֡
Ҫǣһαûйȥ೤ʱ䣬Ϊ
һڡ֮ǰһڡصһǰһβαΪҧгݡ
еǶԴ˹ЦʮֵĽ͹񫣬˭Щ˸ɹӹȴȡѵһαݺݴҲǻá
һǶԴˣһ̾ϢַǳεҡҡͷЩһ٣ٶķͬһִ󣬶ȡѵΪеЦԹ˭أ

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ĿԴɣҹò˶೤ʱ䣬ӹͻᷢµƷ
ԹӹǿֲĴٶȣȷӦõȲ˶á


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ˣָڴӹһƷˣڳϲ˹ӹƷȵС˵֮ǻ൱Ĳϰߡ
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ƽֵĿԵȷУһΪҶ³ǸʤһĿҪһЩ


۷׷ףһǣҲͬ۹Ҷ³ǵ⡣
Ҷ³ǣԼŴѩ֮۷֮սֵ̫ۡ
Ҷ³ıң½СĶ֡˵½С壬ôҶ³ǴĺԾаˡһаˣȴǵӵżߵ⵽Ϊʲô⣬ԵֵǺúۡ
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ôˡȻҶ³ǴаΪʲôǻʼԸ⣬һᡢ°Ľͣ
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Ҷ³Ǵӿʼıīʵ࣬ⲻıīҶ³ǳΪˣԾ֮һӹվǹӹ


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˺־أҲϧ
־롰䡱¶ǳʣʮֹ񫡣
Ȼǲ֪ǣ²ǰ࣬һ²Ǹ߳



һǧ߰ʮ ԽԽ
־롰䡱¶ǰ࣬һ²Ǹ߳
ôһʲôȡ١
Ϊ˸̾٣ѹʮ鱦־ų١
־Ϊٶᣬѡʮʿͨ̿ͣĸ·ģע⡣
֪лԼλݺҲҪһͬǰһ·ˣҪָӺ͵ǲ
һһӦʡ
־žʿѺ·ˡ
෢Ƶ֪һϢΪǲ֮ƣȡ
ѹζõʮ鱦Ȼ͸̾Ҳȷǲ֮ơ
ֻǣ֪Լһˣǲܽȡɸٵġ
˸ǵ㵽۩ǶϪͶ˸ǣ˸һͬȡ١
Ͷ˸ǵʱǶҲ֣˾ȡ١
Ϊֻ˻ҪѰ֡
Ѱҵİ֣ǾסɽʯٴסճԴΪֵܣСС塢Сߡ
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߸չһʤ֣ĿһҲ˸һȡ١
ǣȡֶһˣʤ
˸ǡáơֵܡʤȡٵĶԲߣǶһƲߣȡ
־Ѻھʿڸϸ;У־ߴپʿʱ·¾ʿȫԹ
ֲᰲʿиʹ޴򣬸ʿ֮ìܡ
·ʱھʿ־Ȱ裬ִ⵽Ϣ
־֪ڲ̫ƽʿþʿǼ·ȻһξʿҪϢ
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ʱһӣһͰװǰ׾ƣ˵Ҫȥ
ھʿˣǴǮͰƺȣ־æֹľɺҩ֮Ķ
ʿ㬲ѣֻա
˸ǡáƵ˰ķˣʱȴһͰƣˡ
ˣư˻׼ʱҨһͰһҨȡ
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󣬼ʿǺȵˬ죬ԼҲ̲סĺһҨ
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ȻΪʱֻĿٱ˽ߡ
ԭĺӽʤտʼʱͰƶǺþơ
߸ȺһͰҸᣬһͰͰǣҨһҨȣҹҪ־;ʿǿţ־;ʿǵĽ䱸ġ
֮ýȥһ֣ȡҩҨװҪҨһͰƺȣҨͰʱҩѽ˾ҨҨҪȣʤֶҨӣľµͰ
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ң߸Եģ·˼׵ĽɫŸҪϷݡ
߸ӦҲⲿƷҪ
֮ǰһһĳ֣һξȻһֱӳ߸Ҳ˷ܲѡ
УһᵽɽطǸȷɽľۼ֮ء
־ٵĺһǹţ־ֻȥɽˡ
ϣ۷׷ס
ҲֽáʵȴǷǳãȡٵļƲߣõ÷ǳ
ȷǳϸ޷죬ʮȻ֮ߵ־˵
ÿ϶һǳҪԺ϶зǳϷݡ
ֻã˸ǡơʤֵܼˣоҲҪ˸ǣоΪҪһӾͳ߸Ǵܹдٸﰡ
Ҳ۹𣿷پˡ

ȡ٣һԳ߸˷ܲѡ
ľʣﲻϳ
ٱٺ󣬼ݸʹβ¡
β˸ǵˣ̵ٰ飬׽ðʤ̱ƹ
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˸ǡ˵ӳӵʯٴۼС
˸Ȼѣׯȴׯͱٸ񣬲Ƶ˵Ĵ
ݸʤʹʤֻù˵Լ۵ס
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ֳһǳҪν
νĹͬʣǿô¹񫡣
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ϼһ磬꣬ʮֹȥ硣
ڶգʱνᣬ˽Ϊֵܡ
̤֮˷֮·
һڻ֪һ·ȥһϵоʵĹ¡



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·˼գ޵档
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Ϊ˼ţ⣬ɸƣһˣʮֳ죬æõɸơ
Ȼȴɸˣɾ֣ԭ
ҽ˵ǰϣѾдԭ򣬡벻ԡ
ʺΪ벻ԡ
ֽ˵ǵľڲͬˣ֮󣬶ǰɽȥ˻벻ԡ
ԣֻһơ
Ц˵Ѿ룬ΪβõĪҪ˵Ͻơ
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ʮƺվ׼뿪
ȻһסɣǲҪǰľԣ
ɻشǡȰ˵ǰľֻ׶棬ٸ֯׽ҹ涨˲һ˶Թڣⶪ
ҵЪˣմյöʮ֮һڡ
ȴЦǵ͵ֶΣʲôʱдˣУҲ¡
ɲȰ裬һ˾ԡ
ʵϣд棬һ˸š
ܼɣһţʱҲ˴룬ճɹ˴档
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ϧǲǾҩҪҩ
˪Ķʹ̣˽㳶ӣɵͷϣϴϣ˫סǡ
ɾһغ



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š졢˽ˣɡ
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һǧ߰ʮ 
ϣһ۷׷ס
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֮󣬷޶ɳΪѡ
ĸҹ桱롰԰ӡ޶˵ǳ
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ٲġС㡱ٳ
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ӻؼҽĸɽȻڰ·ϣĸȴɥڡ
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ȻȻɱ̫࣬ɱ޹а֮ˣĴֵ󡢺ֱֱҳϣҼΪТ˳
ɱ޹Ҳɱ޹Ƕиǰԭ
Ҳɽú֮һ
ɱĵȷ̫һЩЩǲɱġ
ΪĸױϻԵһڣһ⣬ǾҪӾѣȻһЩԼɱġ
ɱɱɱˣͲҪɱˡ



һǧ߰ʮ ɱ˸ǵ֮
ӵĸΪʲôɥڣ
еǿӷԭ֮˼
ҲӵķȷǶԵģһѭ˷ǳź
ӵҲ˷ǳȻɱɱɱ޹Բ׶֮ˣԵ޹ʵľͺɱˣҲɽú֮һ
еǶһ㡣
ӣҲǡˮ䰴Ҫ֮һҲʹñī֮һ
ϣӵĸ֮˴
ˮ䰴Ĺ»ڼ
νӵɽ֮ɽںúףׯȲʹɽս
˸̫ξ·ˣһɽɽɽɽϣͬˮɽ֮ƽŶ巢չ
һʮֲ֮Ҳ漴ɽһѽ˸ǣж
˸ʾͷУܵɮգӪҹĻ֮зһ֧Уɽ
ɱ˸֮˭ϿƺʷĹ
Ϊ˸ǵ֧ϣšʷĹȻȻʷĹΪɱ˸ǵ֡
ʵľ
δء
һ֧СʷĹĶ˵ʲô֤ʷĹ֡
ԭУһȷдʷĹɱ˸ǡ
Ψһжǣɱ˸ǵһ֧ڰеķ֧˫սǰǸգսвºҲκν
⣬˸мж֮Ҳδ˵ʷĹ֣νֻ˵˭׽һ֣˭ɽĵһѽΡ
СʷĹ˸ȴ˵ʷĹ֣Ȼ˸Ѿˣм֮顣
УʷĹҲδҫԼɱ˸ǡ
Ҫ֪ɱɽһѽΣ˸ǣһĹͣӹٽӦͬʱҲһ԰¡
ô룬ʷĹҲܽ²Ҵš
УǼж˸жʷĹ书ǿȺ֮ˣУȻһҪûбҪڼͿҲмڼͿ
˵ɱ˸ǵ֣ӦòʷĹ
ô˭
һԡ
ôˡ
˸ΪɽһѽΣ쵼ǺεȵҪȻȴòף߶ֲκνֻ濴ʷĹ˲ܲɡ
˵Ӧǲܵġ
ôֻһԭԽͣǾ߰ˣ˭֣
˭
Ӹһˣŵģ߸ԵĴ𰸣ǣν
־ȻνеǶܡ
˸ǡνһ屡졢εյֵܣνôܻɱ˸ǣ
û˻Ϊ
ԴˣӱʾҲֻǸһЩϸƲ⣬һʵƲûе
ڿӵƲ֮ȫĬ˼
ȣ˸ˣ߳˹ٸ֮͢⣬ν
˸ˣνܹɽһѽΡ
˸ΪҺ񡢼ֵ֮飬Ȩı̫ʺһ쵼ߡ
ʵϣνɽ֮󣬱ĵһѽ˸ǣ쵼߸ννȻҲǳԸһ쵼ߡ
˸ǲǵһѽΣνֻӵڶ
˸ˣνȻϵһѽΡ
Σ˸жɽ֮νķӦЩѰζ
˸ڴϣˮײڣʳףνֻڴޣҲҽҩ˸ǡ
νԼϾ˳ȥҽȫҽȫҲ׵κνĲ
ôʱνΪβҽȫΪ˸Σ
ԭѰζ
ν۸˸ǵ
˸ǰν˵˭׽һ֣˭ɽĵһѽΡ
Ȼ˸ν˵˵ȴǣʱ׽ʷĹߣΪɽ˻ͷ֪δˣֲóѩúޣαӵôλ
ɼνֱӽɱ˸ǵˣΪʷĹҲǵһʷĹֵˡ
ģ˸θν˵֮·ˣֻϵǿ¡
ڶνϾ˾ңҽȫκˡ
Ϊ˸ν֤ʵǡǡ෴˸һǡǡ˵νй
˸е˵֮Ŀζ֮·ˡνͳɣ˸Ϊβָȷ
仰Ҳ֤ΪνĳЩԸΪ֪鱩¶ˣν˲ŵڶ;ɼ
壬˸νÿھ˥Ĺɽկ񡱣Ȼɽɽһ㡣
ȵúӣ֮ѹ֮ν˳ϵһѽ֮̾ʹģʩɽկһ¡
ʵǿν˹ȵӡ
Ȼν˵ҪΪ˸Ǹһ䡰ɥᶯҴ֮󷽿ɾٱ
ν󣬾ΪһЦɣΪ˸Ǳ
ң֮νҲûȥΪ˸Ǳ𣬷򾩳ȥˡ

ϸ֮һʮط
ǿ˼ȻӸЩ֤ݣǼԵ֤ݣȷ˵
ܹٷ֮ٵ֤νɱ˸ǵ֣νкܴɡ
ôһˡ
ν֣νȥɱ˸ǣֻһȥ
ôȥ˭
ͬϸڿƲ⣬˵ٷ֮پǴ𰸣Բ͡
ǸпúõĽˮ䰴еϸڲֶо飬Ͷˮ䰴
⵱ȻҲʵˮ䰴طֵúúõо
Ȼûпˮ䰴Ҳǿֶѡ
ǰĩѧҡѧңʥ̾˸̾ˮ䰡֪֮档



һǧ߰ʮ ˮ䰴
Ƿ׷׸пúõİѡˮ䰴о飬ǻûˮ䰴
ôɱ˸ǵ֣ǲνԶȥ
Ȼӵͷ˵ǿϾֻ¿Դﵽٷ֮ʮϣҲȻһЩ顣
νʿǡˮ䰴У̻ɹˡ
ˮ䰴Ĺ»ڼ
˸󣬾һЩۣνɽĵһѽΡ
¬徭˼֮Ҳɽ
¬ĸ࣬Ҳ׷¬һɽ
֮Ϊǵļ£׽ɽ˫ͷޡȣǼΪ񫡣
ɽԽԽ׳ʱǨơ١ڡڡʯҲ׷׼ɽ
գɽúͷĿﵽһˣɽƴﵽ塣
֮ɽɡΪáˡеš
һ˺úŶˣʮʮɷΡ
νӦǣһѽΡ
¬ӦǣڶѽΡ
öӦǣѽΡ
֮ϤҪУ
ʤӦǣİѽΡ
ֳӦǣѽΡ
³ӦǣʮѽΡ
ɶӦǣʮİѽΡ
־Ӧ찵ǣʮ߰ѽΡ
ӶӦɱǣڶʮѽΡ
ʷӦ΢ǣڶʮѽΡ
ӦǣʮѽΡ

زϵļںúԽսԽ£ʿԽԽǣʵľʼղϣĿϾӡ
Ȼµ󲿷ֵʱȴԽԽ˸еź
ɽԽսԽµƣ͢ıԣи
ǣνЭ˼ָ£ɽȫаıΪγľӡ
γ͢á赶ɱˡĲԣɽúǰȥɡɽúǲ䡣
ս£ʹһúֻʣ˶ʮˡ
ȻЩҴߣҲδѽĶˡ
γ͢ۼɽúƹڷ;󲻾ãν˶֡
ν¬屻ֱơˮ
νƣ֪ѾжΪ˱ٶХɽ֣ӵԼڵĵطʹڲ֪£Ҳ˶ơ
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һ˺úյյĽֻУɡ³ʤȫࡢˡ
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ˮ䰴ˣǵ飬ȴǾþòƽ
νܳ͢аʼǿˮ䰴飬֮ǰԨ֮
ɽúǣһһ䣬ʼվһѹ֣ͷš
˭ɽĴûҵ˭ɽúһһ䣿
ν
ǣҲǡ
ӹµıνܳ͢аǶɽûҵĿʼ
ɽúУ֧аֻ߲ν¬塢ʤʷˣ֧аġ
аľνһġ
ԣܰƵνһ˵ϡ
⣬͸¿ʡ
ν֮ԻаҪ뵱ʱйء
ʱ١Ϊ١ΪӸ١Ϊ޸١ν˼Ĳ
νɽʵȲѣʽȣνһɽǻúΪ٣ͷأԱҫ档
һֱƴεĻʵΪʥϡɼĹУӡʥַġ
һֱΪͳߵĺǡ
ԣνŻ飬ּɴĽаν˼ľԣҲƷʾģʧܵʷԭ
˼ԵˣֻνһˣɽҪ쵼ˣ¬塢õˣҲ˼ԡ
˵쵼˼ľԣʹɽʧܵҪԭ
ڡˮ䰴Ľ֣ǷǳźӸǲܹܵġ
޷һһú䣬޷νΪģпаɽ쵼ߣ˺ҵ£úúһս
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ôǲǿԻһʧܵķʽ
úǺþۺɢնΪԭ򣬱뿪ɽ
ҲʧˣúҲս
ٵǣ⡣
ȻҲ֪ȻдĽ֣Ǿһдɡ
ֻʱ޷͸ˡ
ҵġˮ䰴ˣǿá



һǧ߰ʮ ˮ䰡֪֮
ˮ䰴ˣ׿źõĽʱ̸ƷĹǺңּΪʵġ
ֳ塢³νɡӡʷҲǼġ
ڡˮ䰴۷׷ףڶǣҲ½΢Ϸصĵ
дġˮ䰴ˣⲿƷӰעἫΪԶȫũķչΪߣͨӢ۱ɽĲͬдɸѣСģϷչΪʢȫ̡
ˡٱ񷴡һ⽨ʱũıȻɣũȺ̷ӳ˵ʱµ״ìܡ
쵼ߵĶԣ˼ʷԣҵ۷֮ʱѡЭаҵͨνʧܣ͹ܽ˷⽨ʱũʧܵľѵʣˮ䰴ѾΪ˾Եľ䡣
᯸дˮ䰴ʵϵƷŷǳߵɾ͡УͻɾͣӢϡƷ˶ʮĵ󣬰ν³ֳ塢ɡӡʤȵȡ
ЩѪ⣬ԾȻֽϡÿԸ񶼲ͬǳڰʵʷУ۽ݡ̻ǵԸ񡣡ˮ䰴һҪϸϸƷ飬ܷˮ䰡֪֮档
֣дˡˮ䰴ĽֵȷźҲȥ̸֡˵˵ⲿƷ壬ȫ鼸ûʲôỷĽܣͨԸײ֮Ĺϵ棬һͼǳ桢ǳĳǰͳν׼ĽݣԼѹײ޹ˮ䰣ƿɽԸʷͼľγ
дˮ䰴۶ˣìܳͻңһչһϸڷдһ¼߳ҪлһӵӾƵӺǻԵˮ䰴ƷͬʱʮڴӵӾƵĵġˮ䰴Ӿ档
дˮ䰴Ľṹݺύĸʽṹɽķչʧܵȫݹȫƪ׺һһԶԳҪĹ¡ЩڽṹϼݺῪϣɫˮ䰹µлɲ֡ʣһȫµĴģʽңΪĳɹ
ԪдǶˮ䰴ڶɽúọ̈̄ҲڶһһԶĹ¡һһĹ²ϣһһӢĿϾӡƷľֲֻɽúǣɡ˽Ȼī࣬ͬΪ޷ǡ
дˮ䰴Ƶ¼Щ¼ȻƣȴȻֳͬ򵶺־ɴ򻢺ɱɱɩʯɱɩݽٷʹٷԼֳ¬ȵȣ¼ȴдȫͬڣֵչʾķḻʺԸʷ׳ʡȻҲǡˮ䰴ɫ֮һ
дˮ䰴¼Ĺ£ЩŲ崣ʤԶҲǣ磬ȭɴ򻢡ɶɱ˽졯ȡ١ףׯ񡯡ַ֡Ѫԧ¥ȵȡˮ䰴һ顣ͬ᯸˵ˮ䰡֪֮档

ڶǣ׷׷Լԡˮ䰴Ľ͵
ǷǳϲǵĽ͵һΪܹ˸׼ȷ⡶ˮ䰴ϲġˮ䰴һֱٷϿɵĸо
ϲָо
һ߿һ۲ͣţͻȻֻصʼ⡣
Ǿǡˮ䰴ĿƪΪʲôдһЩ߶߶ĶƷƪЩƺȫĲûʲôϵ
Уˮ䰴дúǵĹ£¿ƪȴɽúǹᴩȫķ鳼ٴ
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ڣˮ䰴ѾᣬӦǳ˰ɣ
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ӡ᯸ڡˮ䰴ƪ֮ʣ۹⡣
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ǸʱҲ޷ش⡣
ڣˮ䰴ѾᣬȻܹƪˡ
ǰǵķϡ



һǧ߰ʮ 
ӡ᯸ˣǵķϡ
μ꣬׶ʢУڻʵרǲˣǰ̫ξŵɽʦ˵͢ߡ
̫ξ˹Ϫأ幬ħʱȰԴ˷ħĵţƿħǿʯپ˴ʯѹŵһʯ壬ʯ£һǳѨһѨֱϰգɢʮ⣬˷ȥ
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֪һ֮ΪʲôҪдͱȽˡ
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Ϊ֡
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ԣ˵ɽµԴһעһҪΪġ
һ£ڲɺŵħȥȥƿǸʯôûƿǸʯ壬ûɽúĹô
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Ƕ֪ʱǱεʢôˮ䰴ȻһֺԢ⣬ǴʢȥѰĸԴ
ֻǣʢĸԴʲô
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ͬʱʾνΪ׵ɽ쵼ǣһܳ͢аġ
⣬Ҳǻܳ͢аԭ

ϱӡ᯸ˣķͽ
ǿ֮ȫһֻȻĸо
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ԭƪ֮⡣
ڿλҵķܹ֮ǳ׵⣬ӡ
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֪˿ƪдٴķʷͰʾ֮һַ׷׸п
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ϣΪ˷ǳĸп
ԭһʼͰʾˣˮ䰴ĽֲãϧǸʱûܶ
Ĳ̫ϲνɽںúǵĽ֣Ȼ
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Ҿ֮ͬǰķ˸Ǿνģν˵Ĺ̫ǿˡ
ˣǻ۽ˣ˵˵ǰĹ°ɣʵüֱĿϾӡ
Զԣȥ˵ˣ˵ǰ棬̫̫ĵطֵǺúõۡ


ˮ䰴ᣬ˵һ¡
ǵĸַǵĸ֮⣬ڶýҲֹ
ᣡԡ塯ΪĵģƪС˵Ʒˮ䰴ڽʽᡣ
Ŀˮ䰴ǳ̸ˮ䰴һЩصܡ
ˮ䰡֪֮档᯸ۡˮ䰴
ȫ顶ˮ䰡ˮ䰴ᣬȫ飡


ȫ顶ˮ䰴ӵӾƵܵһĴѹ
ˮ䰴˵Ļ𱬣ĵӾƷùĻɾʹˡ
Ӷˡ
ԣԲĵӾƷ롣
ˣѾ齨ɵġˮ䰴Ӿ飬ָϵʥ壬׼һ¹أȻһͽ顣
ԴȻ⣬Ҳϣġˮ䰴Ӿ磬ܹĳЧ
ˣھĵǳĻӭͬʱҲԾ׼Լ޸Ľ顣
ԱϲԽ޸Ľ飬
Լ޸Ľ֮ҲͲٹעˡ
ţԼЩ޸Ľ飬һܹĳ˷ǳġˮ䰴ӾƷ
ѾҪȥˡ
ĵʱ䣬ȥĴתһתңڡ



һǧ߰ʮ ɽ
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ġĽʵʱڣѾȽˣοͷ׷ɽΡ
һֱҪɽһ棬мڣŶŮ˻ɽ
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Ŷ΢е⣬˵˵˵Ĵʲô
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֪ɽֽɽҲ㲻ˡ
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ЦȻйϵɽֽ֮ɽΪ⡮µһ
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ഫʱ¹һŮŪݾޱȣϲɣڴϡ

һϣŪڷ¥УǴϡ
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Ů΢΢ЦҸġ
Բһ£ո˵Ǹ˵𣿻ɽֽɽ𣿡һ
ͷһֵ£˶ոʻ
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΢΢һЦ˵ȷĴ˵ɽҲȷɽ
϶ֳһ˿ɫŵ֣øˡ
˵ллллո˵ǸĴ˵£֮ǰĲ֪ɽֽɽһαȥ̩ɽģȥ̩ɽ֮ۿһһµġ漣ȴΪһЩ˻ɽǻЩźո˵ǸĴ˵֪˻ɽֽɽ֮ǺȻ֣һɽڤڤ֮ע˵ģҪ֤ǵİ顣Ƿǳл
˵꣬ŮҲͬĶʾ˸л
ЦЦ˵ǲøлңұҲǶ˵ġ
ֵǶ˵ģȴˣӦøл
һ˵ͷ˵ףҸ֮ɽ֤ǵİ顣
Ůͬʱ֣صĵ˵ͷͬʱһʾ˸лȻָ뿪
뿪֮󣬻ﻹϴĶУڼı˵һҪȥµһ



һǧ߰ʮ µһ
ɽ¡
ոյǶ¸뿪ضŮ߻صߡ
˵򣬽ո˵ҲҪȥµһһȻ󡭡
ظ˵ϽһϣȻӿڵûȻˡ
һЦҲټ˵ˣֻǴ۾ЩĿһۡ
ٺһЦ˵Ȼ˰ɽµһȻҪȥһġ
ɽԹԡաƣһ·ɽʱܹܵɽ֮Ҫ
ǰҲǵһɽ֪ǰĻɽǰĻɽûһЩ
϶ûеģֻһЩСĵطЩ
ĳʷĻȵȡ
οͺܶ࣬顢οƶɽ
һ·ϣʱʱοǣĸָп֮
ΪҪȥµһ塣
û̫ʱ䣬ѾӽµһοͱеҪһЩ
صûеĶѽ
ͷ˵ȷе٣ʵҲΪ֪ɽǰɽ˺٣֪ʷŪ鴫˵µ˸١֪Щ˵ûжˡ
ʷŪİ鴫˵ôûж֪أðɣ֮ǰҺҲ֪İ鴫˵ǾȻ֪ʵе֡
ʷŪİ鴫˵ǰУͬҲУǰ磬֪˵˶١
ǰܺһ㣬֪˵١
ǰ˶֪ţ֯ŮɽףӢ̨Ů붭İ£ȴûж֪ʷŪİ¡
Ϊʲôȷһѽ͵顣
ͬĵΪʲô֪ʷŪİ鴫˵£Ҳѽ͵
Ҳ֪ԭ
˵ֻһЦ˵һû͵顣
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ӽ󣬻ͻкܶ˶֪ʷŪİ鴫˵ˡģҲͬġ
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Ҫ΢ϷʷŪİ鴫˵£ǱҪһʵʱֱӾͻȻôһ鴫˵£ǶٶЩӲ
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ʱȻע⵽Ӱ΢΢һЦ˵ǹȻˣӦѾһβ̵ʱˡ
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顢ضŮһµΧΧŲٵοͣӦһ˵ʲô
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ŮʱʱһЩ䣬һֵڸοǽܾĸо
˵ı鶼Щ
οǵķӦҲЩЩǡ
˵Ĵ˵ļٵģʷŪҶû˵
٣λѣʷϵˣû˵ľͶˡ
⵹Ҳǣô˵˵ˡ֪İ鴫˵ⶼǵɽˣ֪ɽֽɽ֪ʷŪ֮İ¡
˵֮ǰҲ֪ЩҶ֮ǰڻɽ£һλ˵ġ
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ʱһЩð飬Ҳû֡ӦҲɽεģ֪ǻ᲻ᵽ
Ȼ֪µһĴ˵£Ӧûһɡˣʲô˵Ǵܹء
ԵǣļõӣӶīѼñݡĺ°¶ܹһΪƯ
īѼñļõӣ˵𣿡һοָڵλ˵
һʱüΪļ˵ǵģλҲˡ
˵֣꣬С˻δȲ˵Ҳˡ
΢΢һЦ˵ּˡ



һǧ߰ʮ һйذʫ
ּˡ˵
ǰЩҸոڸ˵˵ʷŪ֮İ鴫˵ء֪ΪΣԴ֪˵ܸ֮оطʥࡣ
΢΢һЦ˵йذ飬ʥġ
һæֱͷ۵ǾԵͬ
ʱ򣬸ո˵˵һȺοͣҲ׷Χ˹ոյĻҲȫʾͬ
˵̫ˣйذ飬ʥġ
һأҲͻȻطʥࡣ
ʷŪİ鴫˵µһԵɣ𣿡
ұģ֮ǰߵʱͻȻ￴һû뵽һİ鴫˵ѵעҾҪҵǸ𣿡
ǵɽˣǰζûһȴˣҲҪҵǸˡ

ο࣬⣬˵ԼĿ͸ܡ
οǵСһЩ֮ѡشһЩοǵ⡣
شֻ֮һ۾οͣɫЩ˵˵ҸոͻȻУҪдһʫйذʥĵط
дһʫ۾οһ˵ȫ¶Ȥɫ
ȷһǳ⣬Ҫ֪ȵʷŪİ鴫˵£Ϻ䴫֮Իᱩǡ
ʱһײʫ˵Ų͵
ȻǰʫҪ
ȻûУ˵Ц󷽡
дʫСӣȷһ⣬ʫ˵˶Щ
СӣʲôʫϽдǴһ¡

οǷ׷˵
ϲùʫʵ˷ǳ࣬Ҷٶһļο˵۾οУԡ
ο˵СӣȻⰮʥдʫӦǹڰʫɣ
۾ο͵ͷȻǹڰʫ
οǵĻӦ飬۾ο͸ӵ˷ܺͼԼʫ
ֻǣһɫһ죬Ϊ֣ոյõУƺԹһʫ
ﲻЩȻԽǽԽǹ˼ʫ䡣
˺һ֮󣬲òڨڨһЦ˵ΪҵʫҪһ£ţΣ˭ʫˣд
۾Сһ˵οͲһЦȻ֪۾οǻûʫ
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⣬۾СӵĽ鵹ǲ˭ʫ˶д
ʵϣƽʱϲʫʵοǣѾﹹ˼ʫˣҲʫһףָһʫܵüοǵĿޣѾ㹻˷ˡ
ֻǣʫ˵óġ
ңҪһ
һʫó̫Ļ˼ֳд
˵ʥİʥأһ̫ʫʵ֮⡣
ˣʫ˰죬Ҳûһһʫ
οǺЩźϣֳܹһ׹ڰʫ
һһεнӵ塣
Ҳ֪ڴ˵ʵ̫һ㡣
ӣֻźˡ
ʱСֹһʫ𣿼򵥡
ֹСýһЩ˻ˣȫ鲻ԽŤͷأ룬һΪƯӣѵʫ
ԸоˣĿеĺ壬һЦ˵˵Ĳңҽ򡣡
˭򣿡˾һ㶣ͻȻӦ˹
ڣŪˣΪƯӵĹϵˡ
ԣո˵ӿеĽ򣬾ԱλǸͬΪƯӣȻĽˡ
֮ǰһοﶼ룬Ưӵɶϵ
лһӣŮѣֻǲ֪һһʲôϵ
ڣˣһӻŮѣһСӡ
ӻŮѺСӶ˵ƯԵɷˣ
οȻ顢ضŮգǾţŮӶΪƯ
ţȵȣƺص㡣
صǸոС˵ʫ˵һǳ׵顣
𣿡һοȫ롣
ţȷġο۾һȻ֪ʷŪ֮İ鴫˵˵Щʫš
ˣοȫŤͷоڴɫ



һǧ߰ʮ ִ֣֮
οȫоڴɫ
ܵοڴɫֿ˿ضŮԺ˼Ƭ̡
ȷӦһʲô
ҪѰĳŵһйذʥء
Դ˷ǳȷ
ǣ˵ͷ˵Ҹոյȷ뵽仰͵һСʫɡ
һ˵ο΢΢һЩʧ
仰仰ʲôʫ
Ψ顢ضŮ֪е仰ܿͻᴫ硣
ֳЩ΢ı仯֮ǰһ£ƺֳܵյı仯æ˵Ȼʫţ仰Ϊľ䣬˵Ʒһ
οжһЦ仰ѣܳʲô䣿Ʒһ֪ʲôƷģ
ҲΪʲôҪ˵ΪΪҶǳڴʫ
ȻҲԵģֳܵյı仯һЦҲ˵ʲô
֣µһԱߵһʯȥ
ص֣һߵʯԱߡ
顢ضŮѾ⣬һοǣƺҲЩˡ
ѵ׼仰дǿʯ棿οȫ롣
ǲЩף
ѾǰʥأдһЩ鰮ʥˡ
ǣдһдһģڰʫ
һʥأƽһμѻ
ֻǣ仰ѣܳʲôľʫ
ο죬Ҫѡʫд⻻һط
΢ԶһЩĵط
ֻǻԥҪҪ˵ʱѾҵһСʵʯӣʼʯдˡ
ˣˡοȫ
ȫΧ˹ȥȻΪе仰㲻ʲôʫͬʱҲЩ档
ѡʫд᲻һʥأʱҲ޷ȥˡ
Ѿдĸ֡
ĸʲô˼
һοƺЩףƺ̫ס
Ⲣص㣬صοǾ㵵ķ֣⼸ֵĿ̺ۺĳֹֿߣʯͷϿ̳һ㡣
ֻдһƺһ赭дӣֵܰĿ̺дô
굽ж
ǿͲǿ׳ôܻ֮
һص㣬Ǿ⼸ֲԾΪƯǶ鷨һϲͨˣҲΪĸдüá
ʲôôдôã
ѵһλ鷨ңֻ鷨ôģ
οȫ⣬ףѾдĸ֡
ӳ˵
ĸɶ˼ƺЩס
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ȻǷ֣̫ʲô˼
ڼд
ִ֣֮ϡ
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˺һ֮󣬲˿˸ִ֣֣֮ϡ
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ִ֣֮ϣ˱֮ǰø֣Ѿʤǧ
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֣֮˳Ⱥοͻǰ˸֣ûע⵽˵뿪
˵ȺΧԶŮ˵߰ɣȥһطˡ
Ȼ֣˵ͷһطȥ
ȥĻɽۣ֮ҲϷ֮ۡ
Ѿµһһע䶯ʫѾ㹻ˡ
ӳ˵ִ֣֮ϡǰʫ硤ġ
ӳá˼˵ϣҶԼ
⻰ԭսʿ֮໥Լ˺˶԰ĳŵ
ϣҶԼ
ʲôԼ
ִ֣֮ϵԼ
һʫµһԱߵʯϣԼĳŵҲǶ˵ףԸ

顢뿪֮һοǲŽع
ִ֣֮ϡ򵥵˸֣ȴ·޾ֳǵ˫֣Ŀһûʲôֿܽ
ǰĳŵȴǡ


һǧ߰ʮ ³
µһԱߣοǽع
ӳ˵
ִ֣֮ϡ
ûܹݣǿʮʱĸܡ
⡢ϲ˷ܡ𺳵ȵȴܹ׼ȷݣһ޷ۺԸܡ
ֻ֪ʮ֮󣬽ñ֮ǰӵʥ
ʷŪ֮鴫˵µһټ򵥣ȴǵĶڰĳŵѾΪһйذľԵʥء
еο˷ּܶʼдʱǶΪдʫһʥء
Ȼڣֻ֪ｫñ֮ǰӵʥ
֮ԻֻΪ򵥵ʮ֡
򵥣ϳɵ˼ȴؽ㾭䡣
һʫֻһ飬ܸоؽΪľ䣬ָоһο֮ǰҲй
ڶʫʱ
ڴָܵˣǻֳɸ˷ܺͼ
ôǸ˭Ϊʲôܹ𺳵һʫ
еοǶ⣬Ȼȫ֮ǰڵλÿȥ
һǲȻ֣ﻹǸӰ
ǸӰΪƯӣˡ
ӦѾˡ
ǸոӦȫˣʮʱ𺳵УԲûע⵽ǸӰѾ뿪
ôǸ˵˭Ƿĳݣеο۷׷ס
ڷǳ֪Ǹ˵˭
Ϊд˾һʫˣԲͨˡ
Ǹ˵ݣƺ̫Ѳ²⡣
˺ᣬʫʺ鷨ƺŲ֣һͨ˾ԲһСʯ飬ʯϿ̳ôĺۼ
иҪģոǸʯдʫһĻƺЩʶ
Ӧö֪̩ɽ֮۵һʯϣдµġĹ°ɣһοͻȻ˵
Ȼֻ֪ҪͨˣͲ֪ܲȵȣ˼ǡոǸ˾ǡӦòܰɡ
Ҳòܣ룬һ־һӲʯϣдһʫˣ˭
⡭⡭ʵš
Ҳ֪˭ˣȷţ֮⣬ϾеڶˣܹǹӹҲܹ
ԭΪһܹʷŪİ鴫˵Ѿ㹻ˡڲ֪ҵǶô졣
Ȼͬ˵еһѾ޷Լ˷ܺͼˡ
Ҳ޷ˣҺ

Ǹ˭еοͶ³˴𰸡
Ǳͬ˵һ
û˸ţովվվߣһιµһġ
Ҳû˸ţǸոպ֮
ţǸһ
ΪԲеڶˣܹոյһС
ӳ˵ִ֣֮ϡһʫѾǾԵľ䡣
ڣ֪֮֡
ôһʫӰעҪ֮ǰΪģҪöࡣ
еˣӵ˷ܺͼǾȻۼ֤ʫĵ
һʫĵպԻᴫΪѻǣһѻİߡ
УˣҪʼһ£ڶţǸɽŴףˣǴ˵е
ףҸ֮ɽ֤ǵİ顣ɽŴ˵Ļ
һ仰ǱѾεļڸԶǡ
׿ڶǵף˵һ֮һ
ڣˡִ֣֮ϡʫ䣬Ƕǰһף
ȻҲǶ˵ףеˣӦ￴ǵףһйذʥء
⣬ȻǸôСӵҲ֮ˡ
һֱдԣһžյģӵİأСӡ
ڿԹȻģոտڳơ򡱵ǸӣȻˡ
ѹǾãǸһΪƯԭžյأܲƯ
һӣȻصĽ㣬Ůˡ
գƺ֮£Ůһߣʵɷˡ

ϡ
ڻɽεĻ⣬һֱУֻǲôȡ
ȥɽһ棬һһδȥûȥĵãл
ɽɽǲģûȥĻȷֵȥһȥɽľܶ࣬кܶطֵһȥϷ֮ۡϷߣϷ֮Ҳǻɽۣ֮Ϊڻɽ֮۽ԵʣڵĻɽ֮۷ǳ֣ʱʱи֡۽ԣһҪȥġ
Ҽǰȥɽɽ֮۵ȷһȥһ




һǧ߰ʮһ 
ϣεĻ⻹ڼ
ɽ֮۵ȷҪȥһֶһȥɵĵط
Ŷʲôط
µһ
µһһֱﲢǷȥɵĵط
ȷµһʵûʲôͷһʯѡңҲ֪ΪʲôµһоеֵֹġҪȥȻҲԣʲôȥɵĵطʵϣȥһΣﲢûж
٣֮ǰڣµһѾǷȥɵĵطˡ
ŶΪʲô
˵ʷŪ֮Ĺ𣿡
ʷŪû˵Ǻܳ𣿻УǸոյĻʲôϵ
ʷŪҵƺ֪֣֮ʲôĹ£ҾͲ֪ˡ
ȻˣҾ˵˵֮Ĺ°ɡ˵ʱ¹һŮŪ񡭡
²˵ˣʷŪ֮İ鴫˵¡
˵֮ϵȻҲˡ
Ҳ˵ļٵģİ鴫˵ҾȻ֪ƺܰɡ
٣ûʲôܵġʵϣǵʷϵ£㲻֪Զеĸࡣ
˵Ҳǡ˵˵¾ˡû뵽µһһĴ˵¡
ԭµһǵ꣬ʷŪ䶴ɻĻ鷿Ȼµһסµһ˼ˡ
Ҳİ鴫˵£ͻȻ֣µһȷһȥɵĵطˡ
ǰ˵£ͻȻоµһѾһйذʥˡȻ㻹Ǹ㣬ӵеѾȫһˡ
һûȥɽȻ͸ûȥµһˡڣͻȻȥµһˡȥʷŪ˵Ļ鷿ȥһйذʥء
˵µȷǷǳģµһҲȷ˲ͬ塣Ҫ˵ȥɣ̫һ㡣
ţҲо̫һ㣬ȷҪ֮ǰֵȥһˡ
ֻһ˵»ҲɡôǾٿһʫ
һʫһʫʲôϵ
㿴֮󣬾ʲôϵˡˣʫǡӳ˵ִ֣֮ϡ
ҲʫʫʫʫҾȻû˭дʫʲô֣Ϊʲôû˵ӦðʫӦüΪŶԣôû
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ѹ֣Ҿ˵ʫôûô˭ģǹӹ϶Ƕ֮һΪֻǲʫ
ϲ㣬ˣʫȷ֮ǰġ
Ҿ֪ǹӹȵȣһʫµһȥɣʲôϵ
ΪһʫھдڣµһԱߵһʯ֮ϡ
ԭ硭ȵȣո˵ʫ֮ǰģôдµһԱߵһʯ֮ϣ
Ϊڲ֮ǰдԱǿʯϵġ
ԭ硭Ҳ˵ھµһҲ
һ˵ˣڵȷµһ֮ǰѾ뿪ˡ
ڻɽ֮ǰµһԱߵһʯϣ˸ոյһʫ
ϲ㣬شȷˣʷŪ֮İ鴫˵Ҳǵġ
ԭˣҾ˵ôܻ֪˵£
Уһ仰µһǷɵĵط𣿡
ҲǱǰѾ̲סҪˡ
ԭƻһ֮ȥɽѾǳȲˡҾͳȥɽ

֪˹µһ֮ͻȻ궯
ԭȵĻɽλ⣬ں̵ܶʱ֮ڣͳΪϾԵĽ㡣
ӳ˵ִ֣֮ϡһʫԼʷŪ֮İ鴫˵硣
ȻСһʫĵ̡
֮ǰ̩ɽ֮۵һʯϣˡһʫ
ڣڻɽµһԱߵһʯϣֿ˵һʫ
ʷŪ֮İ鴫˵ټһʫµһѾΪˣйذľʥء
ˣǣͻȻµһΪ
ǶΪȥ￴һȥһʯϵһʫ
ţ֮ԻһʫǶԼĳŵ֮⣬ҲǶ˵ףԸ
ҪԼİһȥһǵף
ΪǼΪ˵ġ



һǧ߰ʮ Ӱ
ɽι
ܾԬƽּÿܾ칫ҵţܣϢĺϢ
ܾļ˳ƽĻּƽ˵ļ΢Щɻ΢΢һЦ˵СԬʲôϢ˵ļ
Ԭƽǻɽˡ
ɽˣ񶫾񣬼æСԬ֪ģ
ЩУǻɽҹΣܹɽһΡ
ֻǻɽȫе㣬ܹȥΡ
Ϊһȥע˲ƽ
ȥһ̩ɽ̩ɽŪһζѻ̩ɽ֮ˡһʫʹĽȥ̩ɽοȻࡣ
ȥһθͣˡӣŨױĨˡʫ䣬ѾΪƷӴ桷
ʹο֮ǰһֱӸ߲¡
ԭĬĬŵĶţҲѳΪľ֮һ
Ӵ֮ȫĵνǣ
ڳǻɽβУ
ԬƽȻڼУ˵ܣҰٷ֮ȷǻɽڻɽϵʲôطȴǲ֪
񶫵Ȼ֪Ϊ˿϶˻ɽ
ԬƽӼ˵ΪһʫһѾʫ
񶫼еʫʲôʫøҿ
ԬƽѾ׼õһA4ֽݵ񶫵ǰǡִ֣֮ϡһʫ
һ飬񶫾Ѿ̲סļ˵СԬʫԳֻ֣֮ʫѵʫǻɽйأСԬѾϸĺ˵һ顣
Ԭƽͷ˽⵽ϸĺͳ˵һ顣
ȻλվԵʮּ
µһһֱǻɽľ֮һһֱû̫ߵ
ʷŪ֮İ鴫˵Ҳʼûж֪ɽʷŪ֮İ鴫˵Чá
Ҳ֣ΪɽιӰûж˻עǺܶɽεˣҲעɽι
µһʼϲȥɽιҲ޿κΣֻ֮֮ˡ
ȻڣµһԱߵһʯϣˡִ֣֮ϡһʫ
µһѾעᷢظı仯
һʫǵİŵΪµһΪʷŪ֮İ鴫˵ɴﵽĳ̶ȡ
ڣʷŪ֮İ鴫˵֮ڣ֮ǰɽιԼγɵЧر
֮ǰûʲôӦȴڼ̵ʱڣʹ硣
ӰͻɽιӰĲ
Ȼλվ֮ѸŰ칫ſȥһһ߶Ԭƽ˵СԬߣȥµһ
ѾǳȲģҪȥһµʫڵһʱ䣬ȡȫλıʩһ˿һƻ
֪Ӵ֮󣬽ΪµʫΪµһĽɽǻɽ
˷ּܶǻɽҲִܵ

ڳ񶫡ԬƽˣеĸµһʱڻɽµһʫϢҲѾιڲȦӡ
ξĸˣ޲Ľʲѡ
ôȥ˻ɽɽ˸һ㣬һ֮⣬ʵûʲôͷ
ǣɽûʲôͷӦǻɽġ
ԣϵˣӦɽŶԡ
ȥӦȥɽͶˡ
˵Ĳͬ⡣
ǰĽǼʡˬô˵ǻɽѽǻɽڿǣӦ͵ʲôΪƷѡͷۡ
㣬ǻɽ٣֪ʲôطǹ¡ǸͼͼƷء
òϣɽûʲôµһҪΪ¡֮İʥˡºͷ޶һȥΪܹףµһ͵λᷢ츲صı仯Ӱ
ӳ˵ִ֣֮ϡʵ˵Ҳ׼Ҫȥˡ
ֻ㣬ҲҪȥһ
Ƕɣǻɽһᾡ֮ꡣ
ģҪȥҲĵȥǾ֮꣬ÿǇNɪ۲Ϊ
ţĵȥÿǻɽNɪ



һǧ߰ʮ ڻɽ֮ʫ
ɽ
Ϊִ֣֮ϡһʫ궯ѵʱ顢ˣѾϷ֮ۡ
Ϸǻɽ߷壬Ҳ߷壬Ϸ֮۵һ̣˶ٸߣǶժ
վϷۣ֮磬ĸƣĿӣȺɽԲççƺμˮ˿ƣĮĮƽԭ粯ࡣ
ɽ߾ΰĲͷƣȻ˵Ĺΰжپޣп
Ҳѹôɧͣ󷢣ʫӺ׳ʫƪ
ǰδ׼дˣֻϣɽ롣ͷսװƵ͡˿ڵʫ䡣
Ϸ֮۵Զ֮ǰµһҪߵö࣬˺ܶࡣ
֮Իôߵǻɽ۷壬͹ΰ֮⣬һҪԭǱǡ񡷡ڻɽ֮۽
Ȼûȷ˵۽ĵطȻڻɽۣ֮ӦþϷ֮ˡ
ˣϷ֮۳Ϊġ۽ĵط
ġ۽ȻǱ䣬Ǹָıԣʫۻ鷨¡塢Χ֡۶ȵȡ
ԶˣҲͶˣܶο͵Ϸ֮һҪĿģǹۿָıԳ档
ֱԳ棬ѡǵˮƽδػжߣȴǳ˼
ظǸֱԵҪٰ㣬ÿ춼кܶοĽ
Ҳ⡣
顢˵ظϷ֮еĵط
֪ûʲôеĻҲȥ֡һ˵һ߶Ǻϣбġ
ЦЦ˵бҲֻһ
𣿡ɫһϲ˵ô֪ģ
˵İ
˭˵ģЩɻ󣬡ôû
ٺһЦ˵Ȼġ
ءСһҲ֪ĶԶȳǿö࣬Ӧõȷˡ
ʵȻҲˣĶԶˣոһ·ʱ򣬴ӹοǵĽ̸УѾ֪˽
һʫһۻ
ʲô˵ءСһָ֮Ͻʵ
һʫһۻʲôطǸǰȺߣӦþܹˡ
ʫۻ۾һ˵˼ӣ򡢽㣬ǿ߰ɡ
˵꣬ǰȥ΢΢һЦҲȥ
ǰȺһ̨ףһǳƽ̨ƽ̨ϾۼҪȺԾıˡ
ػϲҵˣȻб
ͷ˵߰ɣȥ
ءŮͬʱͷһȺȥ
δ߽Ⱥĸ֮㲻ϴ˵ĶС
Ǹ˵סϷ塷д治ܲЩķɡ
ţҲáϷ塷иоȷЩķɡסɽۡҲЩ˵ˮƽĸ߰
ҲΪЩߵˮƽͣյıǡϷ塷ǡɽۡԳΪܹھˡȴһ
ľǳң⵽˼ˡ

˵Ϸ塷ܲЩķɣƲƲ죬˵㣬ȥʲôϷ塷ˣ
΢΢һЦ֪ѾͷЩ˵ãȥ
Ѿͷ߽Ⱥųغŵһֽһһȥ
ÿһֽ϶дһʫȻֳĲѡǣֳʫ
鷨ˮƽиֵͣߵĲжߣҲܹõó֡
һ˵òֵĻȻǲ˼ԼƷȥġ
ѾͷܿҵˡϷ塷һʫ鷨ˮƽеƷУǰˮƽ
ֳҲ˿鷨ģ顢ضŮȴΪ鷨жá
Ȼʫ鷨ԻҪʫ鷨ֻҪܹõó־С
Ϸ塷һʫ͹˵ǲģϷϲǧɾڣֱƣдΪɹ
ȷһײʫ
ԡϷ塷ۡ
ض֮ȴƲ˵ҿʫҲһ˵ʲôķɣʹЩ˰ɡ
æѾͷСһ㣬ʫҲ㲻ˡ
ֵǿǿһɡ
ؿķŵһЩΧοͻˣټظոյǾ仰ο͵üͷ΢΢һ塣
Ǹո˵Ϸ塷һʫЩķɣظո˵˵ʲôķɡ仰Ծ˵ǰѡϷ塷һʫ̫ˡ
ֻ˵ǵļˮƽ̫ͣȻΪʫķɡ
οȫŤͷһۣ̫ܿصգο͵У侪޵ɫ
ո΢΢һüͷҲ鲻Խչ
˺һֲ֮΢΢һ壬ǱǴģɲΪԷ̫Ưͷˡ



һǧ߰ʮ û
ɽۣ֮ʫֳ
顢ضŮߵļλοͣһüͷ΢΢һ塣
һ΢ֵο˵λӣϷ塷ʫȻԶԶܺʫᲢۣ˵ʫЩķɣҲŰɡ
۾һɣæһ˼ԣѾͷĪҪȥۡ
Ȼ˼ƲƲ죬СֹȻˣһ㶼ûķ
صС΢οͻˣ˵λӣ˼ʫܲˣ˼ô˵۶׼ȷˣ
һ˵ʫҲ̫һɣҲǿܹõó֣Ҫ˵ķɣһβ̵ľ롣ǵۣȷ̫׼ȷ
΢οͻδ˵ԱһݵοͲˣ˵һĶʲôʫʣܲܿʫһ˵˼ҵ۲׼ȷ
Щͷۣػ˵ʲôæ˵ǳǸǲ۵ģһʫͬвۣͬҲʮ顣֮Ÿλˡ
һ˵Ҳٶ˵ʲôˣֻЩĹĵĵ˸οһۡ
ػصߡ
أصͷѾͷĹĵӣΪĿɰ
ͲҪĹĵˡÿ˶ԼǵҲûдʫȷǲģдʫҲѾһʫˮƽܹǿרҵʫˡ˵
조ŶһȻĹĵˡ
ֻܾ
ֻһ΢Щ˶𣬡ǿרҵʫˣλ۹ǳ
顢ͬʱŤͷȥֻһ30ҵӣǣϻһ˿ɫûȥ
ԣոյĻ˵ġ
δ˵۾һɣ˵˭ʲô˼
һ˵ҸոǱ˵ЩˣȻⲢ㶮üʫʣǲҪ۵ĺá
ؿӣ˵òʲôϷ塷ʫ߰ɣ
ӵֵʫСӲţȴǡɽۡһʫߡϷ塷ﶼҵסɽֻۡҲ벻˹ķ۰ɡ
ӽףһλרҵʫˣɽۣ֮Ϊ˲μӸʫٰʫ
ɽۡĵ֮ΧοǵҲܲ
Ϸ塷߽壬ͬһλרҵʫˣЩ
˸ոȺУΧ˶ԡϷ塷ɽۡʫۣ֮ʣԵ
ǿרҵʫˣμּʫǻСһ
˵ǵʫķɣǵ⣬һּߵˡ
ֻţȴغͼο֮ĶԻЩˬǿ̫ƯǾҪȥ䡣
ֿغصߣͷΪǵĶ
ԭŮѾˡ
׺˶ĽּʣظոնԡϷ塷һʫۣ͸Щˬˡ
֣ȥǼ䣬ֵġϷ塷ֱǲʫ׶˵
󣬲ɫ߽顢ˡ
ȴһ߽˵һ
ǿܹרҵʫˣǺôĿ뵽̲סĿ˵֮ǰһ仰
֮龰ǰǰ㡣
׵Ļ˵Ȼǡɽۡߣû˵ʫôܹʲô
⡭һʱЩصĻش𣬸ȫһ
顰͡һЦѾͷһ仰˵õġ
ҲЩݸ֮ǰϵһ˿ɫȫûзϣҲᡣ
ؿԷһʱ֮Ϊ⣬ЩĿһۡ
һʱЩҲסæһԼ
󣬺Ȼ֮ǰ˵Ļ۾һæìͷת˵λո˵Ϸ塷֣ǿרҵʫˣ۹ܸ
һۣҲ۹ߣֻʵǵĿ͹۶ѡ
Ŷ𣿡׵ֳһ˿Цô˵Ҳʫˡ
Ȼܹ׽һ˿ЦȴǲɫɵȷһЩʫʡ
Ŷ𣿡ϵЦԣ˿Ȼʫʸ֡ȻˣǡþһʫβֳʫһףҲһĴ
׵Ļ⣬ֻڲûжȤ
΢΢һЦشܱǸڲûǸ¡



һǧ߰ʮ ѡһλ
˵ûǸ£ƺ⣬ƺѾԤϵ˵
źۼһЦȻ˵û£Ǿ̶ֳȵı̫ˣûսԣԸ𣿡
˵仰ʱ򣬹һЩΧ˱Ѿע⵽ˣڸǰĻ˸
ͨο͹֮⣬һЩڲμӱѡǣҲͬע⵽ߵ
׹һЩԾҪЩѡǣøһЩ
Ѿ׼֮ǰǹװƣʵûʲôʫţǿ϶Ӧμӱġ
ȻˣǾͱҪԷһѵѡ
شǡôɾͽֳеĲѡ֡
ش𡰲ǡл˵ˣټΣ˵öԷòӲͷƤ
һܹúõġ͡һԷĴˡ
Ȼ׵˼һЦ˵θҲãεһգû¾û¡ûȻʫʫǾֻòμӱˡ
Ļش֮ЩźͿϧĻشƧؾᣬȫ㿪õ塣
һȱԼֲֳĲѡǣǻش
Ѿ˵ˣҲֻգЩ㬵뿪ˡ
뿪ˣѡҲٹעǸ˼ȻѾ֪Ȥ˵ԼʫҲ͵Ϊֹˡ
ΧΧ۵οǣûֿɿҲͬٹעˣǰע¼е˱롣
ľΪңء
뿪֮һ˵򣬽㣬ǲʲôʫˣȥǱߵۻ
˵ͷ΢΢һЦ˵ãȥǱ߿
ۻصʫǱ߲࣬ܶΧŷǳĹڡ
к֣ܶڴСС滭һ㶼ǹĻ滭ʽ
ҪΪɽˮ࣬Сһ࣬Ȼֻǻ񣬻ֶȵȡ
ڻ滭УɽˮΪԶҪٺܶࡣ
ֳһۻҲˣڳģѡǵĻɽˮͻ񻭡
顢һһȥѡǵˮƽиеͣͬʫǱߵһˮƽߵĲжߣˮƽ͵Ҳܹõó֡
˽ŵĻһһ֮פһΧο͵ۣܿ͸ֳ
ߵıǱߵıҪһЩѾеľ׶Σ֮ǰһϵбУӱѡ֣׼ҪĽ
ص룬ʱ˿վˣÿ˵ǰһŻϰڷֽʡīȻ滭ߡ
˶ӣһʮ꣬۾һʮңݸݸߵġһʮӣ΢΢Щ
վһţò̬ĴȻҪѡˡ
˹ʱȻʵʱصһȤŨӣ۾һҲͬĸȤ
ҲµĿųˣ֪˭ʤ
췽ƻ磬һʮˣʱΪ߿ѡ֣ͬʱҲʱʱΪƻ档
֮ԾٰһҪĿģչ˼뻭硣
֮˵ӱλѡ֣Ƿǳѡ֣ţλѡֶĽκεս𣿡
λѡȻһɱ̬Ľκεս
˵ǳãôı򣬽ǰıͬΪ˱ķḻԡЩͶԣҲΪܹõֳĹǻΪ˱֤׶αľԹƽǽֳĹǵУѡһλˡȻǵĳֳһ⣬λѡָݳ֮⣬޶ʱʤߡ
˵Ļ˵꣬λѡ໥俴˿Щ⡣
ͦ˼ġ
ǵȷĽκεս΢΢Щ֮࣬ЩԾԾԡ
ֳΧ۵ĹǣҲͬ۳ǿ˺ܶೡǵһ
ȥƺ˼ӡ
ԣֳĹҲͬԾԾԡ
ءŮϵĸȤɫҲԸŨˣҲãе˼
˷ǳλѡֳֺǵķӦһЩ˵ǵλѡֳ֣ĹǣҶûЩԾԾԵӡôǾͲٵʱˡΪλѡֳѣǵ֣ҵһ½ھֵѵУȡһλѣΪǵĳˡ
ֳʮˣԼ֡
ҲͬµģԼ֡



һǧ߰ʮ ̤ȥ
ɽۣ֮ۻֳ
ҲˣЩݸѾͷƺ
˿Ӧ˷ǳ࣬Եø˷ܣŵøߣ˵ǳлǵ飬ҾҪھֵ֮Уѡһλˡ
ֳʱӦЩ˲ͣ趯Լ֣ϣܹ˵ע⡣
˶ֳշǳ⣬ĿȺɨȻͫ׼һΪӰ
ֳȻŮӣ˺ܼæ˵ѾλĹˣǵĹԱΪλһֻͲ
һ˵ֵ˶һ̾Ե÷ǳź
ȫŤͷվλãѡеĹȻΪЩ̡
Ȼף֮ԻѡأֻΪسüΪƯ
Ҳûа취Ư˼ҵơ
˻ѡأһҲ⣬ѾͷߵǾԵĽ㣬˻ѡʵ
طֱһۣԵΪĵ⡣
߶˼䣬ЦЦҲصĶߣ˼䡣
֮شӹԱӹͲûзϻֱӿ˵ҵĿܼ򵥣˵һʫȻֻҪʫаݾͿˡ
˵꣬˺λѡֶ˵ͷʫǱȽϳĿԶҲȽϼ򵥣ֻҪʫаľݾͿˡ
ȻͿ˭øãҪǶԻ滭׵Ŀ
滭ֻ滭׵ĻԶԾͷǳˡ
λѡֵһЦԼǳġ
ΧҲСš
ʫĿ̫ˣǹȻ⡣ӦģҳԱѡ
ǰǶԻ滭׵Ŀǰıһ̫һˡӦóһһĿ
˵ѡ񣬽ǿ˼Ưѡ˼ҡϧǹﲻ̫⡣

Χ˶ʫĿ̫⣬Ϊ̫ˣһǸϲӡһĿ
ΪĿԽѺ͸ӣԽ˼
Χ˵ȴǲɫһ˿Ц⣬ĵЩ˶ʲôĿǽոĸҵģ򵥣
ԵƬ֮˵õģھｫĿʫдȻֱ˵Ҳԡ
֮ԲϺһ仰ǵصëдòôֻ˵öԷдĻһԷд̫ˣöԷΡ
ֻǶˡ
صͷߵǰĻǰϵëʣһǳɵֱдһʫ
̤ȥ㡣
Ȳ˵ʫݣдһƯë֣˴һ
û˻뵽ΪƯȻдƯë֣Ȼ̫鷨ܹѾ˴ҷ緶
ͬһոջŶԷëֶò֣ȴ˭֪˼ëŲ͵衣
ˮƽԱֳκһ˶ߣ˲¶డ
֪سңëǴСı޿֮һ
ֻأëҲͬŲ͵衣
˶صָпΧҲ˺һ
֮עʫ䱾ϡ
̤ȥ㡣
ţ˶˵ͷʫĿȻȽϼ򵥣ʫݺܺ⣬̤㶼ġ
䳡ѻѶȲ󣬾Ϳ˭Ļߣøӱˣ
˶Ϊģ˺λѡ֡
λѡֿʼԺﹹ˼Ҫλܸõʫݣ
̤򵥣ֻ⡣
Ҫֳȥ֮⣬Ҳ򵥣ѳɻƻͿˡ
㡱ˣһƥڵĿͿˣԸḻһЩһĹӣԾޡ
ǡ㡱Ҳ򵥣ֻҪֻҪȵȣҲ
뵽ġ㡱֣λѡ־һ㶣ͻȻ֣ƺе򵥡
Ϊһ㡱֡
㡱һζñŵģ۾ġ
滭۾ġ
Ҳ˵Ҫ۾ζ
ô۾ôܿζ
λѡһľƼ򵥵ĿȻ˵Ĳ״
ҪβֳĿеġ㡱֣Ȼؼڡ
λѡ־üͷȫ˼⡣
ֻǣô룿ҲҲֳܹ㡱ֵĺõķ
ʱֻаСʱǱڰСʱ֮ԼƷ
һ֮ûκεͷʱҲѾȥ˲٣˼ϵʱˡ
ô죿
鼱֮£λѡ־۾һǺȻãȫˡ
λĹԭ⣬ӦòҪҪֳ㡱֣Ҫֵص㣬Ӧǰ漸ϡ
̤ȥ㡱档
뵽λѡ־һ
˵۾ȥĻ滭ôֵó㡱֣
ԭԼ̫ˡ



һǧ߰ʮ λѡֵƷ
ֳ
λѡַԼ֮üͷ˲չ
󣬿ʼ˼ڡ̤ȥ㡱УԼӦͻһ㣿
Ҫͻһص㣬㶼ͻǷûͻˡ
֮˼ͬʱʣʼԼƷĴ
˸ո˼ĿֳΧ۵ĹǣһֱСĿ
ǿĿҲͬ򵥣žһ̤ȥĳһʸѡ˵ҪһȻʲô¡
ʫĿʽȻȽϼ򵥡
΢΢ЩʧҲͬڻĿ
˵̤һҪһӦͻǶ໭һЩֺͻ꣬ȻԽһƥ̤
Ҳ˵صӦڡȥϣӦðѳΪƻ裬ϼͮſ̤飬߸Ծ㣬ʾʱ飬һгΨĻ档
ʫһʫһ仭зǳǿҵĺʫ
Ǹп
Ȼ˵صӦڡ㡱ϣӦͻ㣬һֿɳ۵ӾС
˵иԵӵߣ˺һ֮ͻȻ˵ôоصӦġ㡯ϡ
㡯֣˵Ⱥд֮˶һ㶣ϸһ룬ôһ¶
ֻ⡰㡱Ҫ֣
һ֮󣬷֡㡱ָûа취֡
ʱ˲ͻȻʶѵ⿴Ƽ򵥣ʵȴǳѣ
һ۲ֹ
Ͽ㡱ֵȷӦòص㣬һ⣬ǾӾȥĻǲֳȥܵġ㡱ֵġ
٣ôãûҵ
ô㡱־ͲӦصˡ
ңǸĹı⣬ӦҲǰѡ㡱Ϊص㡣
һ룬־á㡱Ӧòصˡ
ܡ㡱ǲص㣿˶ĿĿ˸ı䣬֮ǰΪˡ
ӣʫĿҲһ
ۣλѡ֣ר־ĽԼƷĴ
˵ʫصӦþǡ㡯֣⡮㡯֣ƺûа취֣ӦǺã
ͬС˵˭˵㡯ûа취ˣදԽһ룬ܻа취ġ
а취۾һ˵ʲô취
صԴ˵Լ롣
ŶðɡһԼԴһֹ
һִֹ꣬յ˵㣬а취𣿡
΢΢ҡͷ˵ʱû뵽취룬ԼҲ롣
֪ˡһֹ

СʱʱȥλѡȺԼƷ
ԼƷλѡ־ǵ˵ͷƺԼƷΪ⡣
һκúõģһֳֳ֮ĹԱλѡָոɵĻչʾڳ룬ֳܹĿƷˡ
տʼҶԼͬģһƷ顢Ҳ⡣
һƷߣǸ۾ĶʮСӡ
ʱС˷У΢һţͬʱַǳܣԼƷôͬʱ͵ĸо
һԺУкͳɾ͸С
СӵƷ˵ĵһоǡǳģĸɫԼĻꡣ
ЩڿУЩƮڵϣһƥ񿡵ɫڻӹȻһṫӡ
ֻǣṫӲǻеǣҲǵߡ
̤еĿǻеǡ
͹СӵĻǻ꣬ǿĺܺãһƷ
̾Сӻúá
Сˣɾ͸киΪǿҡ
СӵĻְĿ⼯мһϡ
мһߣǸݸݸߵѡ֣ʱı飬֮ǰСӲࡣ
ݸѡֵƷ˵ĵһоΨ
Ϧ£ϼͮһŻṫԾޣԽԼ
ص㲻ṫӣǿҲǻǳΨĳ
ԣƷҪֵص㲻ǡ͡ǡ⡱
⡱ȻܹõֳĿʫݡ
鲻ԽֱͷԵڶƷϿɶȣȵһƷҪԸһЩ
ݸѡָǵ㡣
ȻǵλѡֵƷҲұߵһƷ
λѡǸ΢΢Щӣͬ˷ִһš
Ʒ˵ĵһоǳһʮǿҵĳ
һƥɳ۵ĿֻǰʮԣƫһӾһֻеĿҪӻĸо
ı黯һ·ݡ
еѸ٣ܹĸоʱ顣
ҲͬһƷ
ƷѡҪص㲻ͬԼҪص㣬Ϊı˳
ֳĹǶƷ⣬ΪÿһƷ
ǣܹھֻһ˱ҪƷУѡһƷ
ôˣӦѡһ
ÿһƷԼ֧ߣ¶ֵ֧࣬ڶƷҪ΢һЩѡ΢ռһơ
ƻԣΪܹھ



һǧ߰ʮ ڸɶ
ֳ
Ʒֵ󣬺ѡܹھ
˿أ˵ȻλѡֵƷǳ㣬ѡھһλĹΪˣȻзȨġ
˵ֳⷬĹȫʮͬλѡ֡
ô˵ȷзȨġ
ˣֳˣ˺λѡ֣ȫڵλá
زûоܾǽӹԱݹĻͲ˵˵ƷӼ˵ǿȥǿۣܿϧһƷ⡣
⡭΢ЩΣصĻش𣬸еȫһ
껹ǿȥһ⣬˵۹ǳ߰
ιЩƣĵ֪ˣһ⣬ô
ƣλѡ΢΢ЩˬǶԼļƷǷǳŵġ
ڱһС˵ǿܹۣһ⣬ˬǹء
Χ۵ĹҲһ˽˵ؿСҲΪػ۹ߡ
׻˵顢һң˼дһƯ鷨ͻ۹ߣҲʮġ
⡭Щ˵ؿˣһ㶣Ǹոհһֺ鷨¶ˡ
һ룬˼һп۹ĺܸߡ
ǡǡʱҲһֺõ鷨һҲﲻ۹߰ɣ
뵽æλĹ˵Ʒһ⡣ʣҪΪʲôԭ򣿡
ضԱ˵ۣţֱӴҵĿ̤ȥ㡯Ҫһ㣬Ȼġ㡯֡ϧƷУҶûп㡯
һˣλѡ֣ΧΧ۵Ĺڣһ㶡
ȺЩȻ
ص㣬ȻȻڡ㡱档
֮ǰҲǹһ㣬Ϊ㡱޷ڻֳȫ뷨
ȴ˵Ŀص㣬һ㡱֡
ţԡǹո˵ûп㡯ꡮ㡯ô۾ڶأ˶
֧һ˵ﰡ⡮㡯һйۣܹ۾ƺǿˡ
λѡֳֺĹǣ˵仰ͬ
Ȼȴ˵ôͿˣԼˡ
˵ô˵һ¡Ҫβܿеġ㡯
λѡֳֺĹǣȻȫǳĹģȫأصĻش
صҲ֪ҽ˵ԣǾһԡ
⡭
󣬾ͷĺߣ˵ﰡ˰죬ԭҲ֪𰸡
ȻҲ֪𰸣ǾͲҪ˵ô϶ǶΪԼܱء
ЩЦã˳صĻ˵˭ȷдô𣿡
صһߣ˵Ȼ˵Ծһԡ˭ߡ
ߣ˰Ŀ⿴صߡ
˭Ȼˡ
ˣԭԱ
ȵȣǸһģͬΪƯĹƺĽ㡣
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СӵĸȺУСŮ룬ֻ˻Ľּʡ
Ȼⲻص㡣
صС֪𰸣а취ⲻܰɡ
˿˵λǳǸˣһλţҲƯС˵а취ڻ￴㡯𣿡
Ǽʶһ¡һԾԾԵĶС˵
Ѿͷ΢΢һЦЩεҡҡͷ
󣬶˵ȷа취ġģǵķȴǻģҪͨӾġ㡯ֻҪҵķͿˡ
⻰˼ĵ˵ͷΪ˵õȷе
ҲΪ䲻˵úѣЩ˶˵˵ֿƺеʵȴΪ̫ͳûʵƷĻʲôã
б˵ķҪͳģеĻˡ
йΪģλѡҲͬΪģЩмͬʱУ˵⻰ʲôãб˵ķһ治ܹ۾ġ㡯Ǹǲܵ
ԥһ£ջ˵ʲôķܲ˵øһЩ
ͷȴû˵ߵһŻǰ̿һŻֽϵĻʣڻֽϷɿƶŻʡ
ڸɶ˵ĳһʡ



һǧ߰ʮ Ĺ˼
ֳ
ʣλѡ֡ˣԼΧ۵Ĺڣﶼһʣڸɶ𣿡
ȫ쳤ŲӣǰĻϿȥΪǶȹϵΨýˣܹǿֽϵݡ
ܿѾ˴𰸡
ڻٶȷǳ죬ˢˢʣһջƻΨԾȻֽϡ
ǰѣڸɶأڻ𣿡濴ˣ̲סѯǰˡ
ǰ˲ͷֱӻشȷǻٶȷǳ죬Ҳǳûֱһܡ
ǰһ˵΢Щ֮࣬Ҳǳʹ쳤ŲȥϧʲôҲ
ǿλѡֺˣȴǿʮУϵıҲʼɻڵľȡš𾪣һҪˡ
ֻֽʼһΨջƻ豳ȻһΪĵ·Զ졣
֮һƥߴĿڵ·ϣϵṫԾޣۣ߸Ծʮֵı档
Ȼʮֻĺ׷ŷɳ۵ĿΧѷ衣
Դˣͣʡ
ʿʼͣʣǰ󲻵ӵʱ䡣
죡ʵ̫ˣ
쵽֮ͣλѡ֡ˣýĹǣȫЩûлع
Ѿˡ
˲ԣͣˣ̲ס׷˵
ףôˣǻȥ𣿹ɾͶˡ
飬ɲ˶ġ
ȻửͲҪȥº˰ɣ˰ɣ
Ⱥ˲ͣǰҲڻع
Щ˵ۣعͷȥε˵ͣͣ˵ˣ˵ȥ۵Ŀɾˡ֮ͣʣΪȥˣΪѾˡ
ˣô죿һ㶣ƺʲô˵ţǺһģٶȻˡôǲǻòҲ̶ã
Ҳ̶ãǰ˺Цһ־ƺ̫ʣֻǵ˵ǸովλѡֵĻѾǳˡڣλոɵĻ֮ΪǳѧߵˮƽλĹո˵ǿҲõó֡ڿλ˵Ѿܸλѡˡô˵ʲô˼𣿡
ʲô˼˵ĵȻףֻأš
òӵʱ䣬һԶƷƷôأЩĴңҲδܹɣ
ǵ˼ûת꣬ǰ˵ȻλѡֵƷҲľǳѧߵˮƽֻǵƷλոɵƷȽʵ̫ˣһȽϣ͸оǳѧߵˮƽһȫûпɱԡ⣬ֻǴӻϿİоǣλĻͨƪûһ仨Ҳһ껨꣬ȴܹ˿㡯֡ʵ̫ˣ
⡭˵󣬸еӵĲ˼飬ļٵģ˵Ҳ˰ɣ
ܿ죬ǵֲ˱仯ţȷпܡѵģ
ΪǺȻע⵽룬λѡֺϵı飬ȵ𾪡ţЩ˷ܺͼ
Ϊʲôı飿
ԭֻ֮ΪǸӸոɵĻǲòţǰЩ˵ģȷġ
Ȼˣ˻ŸϽùԱѻչʾ˶ܹ
˵ˣϽЩĻչʾǺ˿˷׷׽к
ڵĽк˲ŷӦӦ֮ʮֵ˷ܺͼԼ񵽱ˡ
Ϊƻˣ黭Ҳо۹ҲȽϬóǳԴ֮֡
ңпǴеĴҡ
ļֵԲ͡
иҪģԡ̤ȥ㡯Ϊȫһ䣬Ҳһ꣬ȴΪĽ㡱ֱ˳
ΪʲôҪ׷ѷ裿
ԭֻΪ֮ǰӻзɳ۶ʱմȾ˻䣬ʹ񻨶һ㡣
ЩǱϵ
ֹ˼İƾͬʱҲļֵ˷ǳһء
󣬻Ҫһ㣬ǾߣҲλݡ
˵ᣬڻȴ֮衣
˭
뵽һˣȴأԲţҲû˸š
ЩټȥˣԼΪ̫˷ܡʧ̬
һˣüֳȥ
˵Ľк˵ǳıǸΪֳˣҸոʧˣΪ̫𺳺ͼˡڣϾͰλƷչʾһ͡
Ʒڱչʾֳ롣
ڿˣЩ˷ܺͼƷ
֮еЩˣʵ̫顢ǿƷһ̣˲ȷˣǾǳԶ֮֡
ֻжĴңܹ˶ǵƷ
˶Դȫǳȷ



һǧٰ߰ʮ ֳ˲
ȫǳȷǿĻǳһλ֮֡
Ҳ˵λһλĴҡ
ǾǰĻǳһĻ֮֡
ʵȴǲòһʵ
ңʱ䣬ܹȻӣһٶȣ
ʵǷǳţȴʵ
ʱ򣬺˷ǳźͺڣ֮ǰûվǰλá
Ϊǰ棬ǾͿۼ֤Ʒĵˡ
˶̵ʱ֮ڣһ˶ǵƷһһĳͣӦ൱ܰɡ
Ȼ˷ܵǣȻǿˡ㡱
ԭ㡱ĿͨӾ
֮ǰ֮Ϊ㡱޷ͨӾֻΪǵ˼άˡ
һĻ̤ȥ㡱һĿͽüΪľ䣬ʼʱΪ򵥺ͨ
ӣʫܼ򵥵һҪıˡ

׿滭̸λѡֵƷҲ⣬ҲܺõֳˣĿʫаݡ
ϧȫʫҪġ㡱֣ûֳʹǵƷ⡣
Ҳѹλĳ˵˵Ʒ⡣
һƷλѡֵƷȷ⡣
еĹΪģλѡ֣ҲͬΪġ
˵㡱ǿֳʱǷǳҲΪмģΪֻڴţƺװơ
ڣʵֻ֤Ҫ˼ά㹻㡱ҲǿͨӾġ
ǳ׵ķˡ
Ȼ׿˼̸ּĻ滭裬Ҳɪɪ
ǱмѾΪ˾ηҲ˷ܺͼ
ΪѾ³ݡ
ȫΧڣᣬ滭ȴ֮ˣֻһˡ
ȻҲĵڶˣԷǳ͡
λѡֲΪǵĲǴģǸһ˷ܡֲš
ǺȥкΪ̫ţĴ澴ηǲҹȥ
ֻ͵͵Ĵ
оڿŤͷǣȻ΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
һЦһͷ˸˷ܺͼ
Ȼ룬˵ǶѾһĻ滭ףֻҪܹڼϰҿȥ˼ĻԺȡòĳɾ͡
˳׵һ㶣ȫû뵽˵Щ±ƣҲЩӦ
Ļȴ˶Уֻһʱ֮Щհףûоȥʲô˼
ǷӦһո˵ĻԵ֮ǰҪ˷ܺͼ
ȻԼͬģͬʱľһ˵ǣлл
΢Цŵͷعͷȥ顢ضŮ˵ʲô
˻鲢ïģ˷ܵĽƷֳҲȻڸۡ
ĻҲݡ
ǾţԲͨˡ
Ϊ˷ܺͼֳĸ֮ǰҪ࣬Ҳ֮ǰȫͬ
ֳı仯ʫֳǱߣЩΧ۵Ĺǵע⡣
ǲߵգΪʲôͻȻ֮ôı仯ƵƵ
ܿ죬ǿҵĺĵʹ֮£СߵֳߵĹڴ
ߵĹȻ⽫ߵЩǰ̽Ϣˡ
˵ʱüɫ裬ԵΪ˷ܺ͵⣬ҲһԽС
߳£ȻһԽеġ
ǿԷֲŵıʱԽиǱ
Щǰ̽ϢˣŪ׷ʲô飬ֺúõһǷ֮󣬲СŻȥ
ҪȥǱߵĹڣ߷ʲô飿
һǶҲһЩԽУΪ֪ۻǱߵ
Ҳļٵģô𣿡
ȻˣҸոմ̽ʮǷչʾǱߵĳ룬˭ȥ
ģҪȥһˣûš

ĶԷʫߵĹȺݣԽԽĹڣǱߵۻֳ
Щ̽Ϣ˻˵ô棬ǷҪȥԿһɡ
ԭأԵĲ졣
ʫֳߵĹڣʮѾȥĳɣӽһˡ
ʫߵ췢Ͳѡǣסˡ
ͬʱȴô࣬ʵһǳûӵ顣
ߣȥǱߵڸʲôѡ˵оͰ׺塣
ǵĴ£һЩˣǱۻıֳ
ܿ죬ߵĹʮУѾĳˡ



һǧٰ߰ʮһ 
ʫֳѾĳɣסڵһЩѡ֣Ҳۻֳ
ҪһߵڸʲôһȻ
ȺΧĴУۣ˴˽˵ǳ֡
סȲѡ֣ȫΪмһʮֵĲˬ
Ȼǿչʾڳһ
⡭ǵȫǲŵɫǶ黭һоȻóǷżΪļˮƽ
ǳһλ֮֡
̶ֳȵıȻжμӣ
ԲѧôԽμֱ
ңĶӦҲСˣҪμӱҲܵ⻪ɽ֮μӲǡ
굽ʲô
ס˻û⣬һµ⡣
ǷȻǳԶ֣֮Ҳô˷ܺɣ
Ͼкܶʵ̫黭˵ٺõƷҲǿֶѡ
ΨЩĶ黭ˣƷŻ˵˷ܺͼɡ
ס˸㲻״
ѣ鷳һ£ߵ׷ʲô飿ΪʲôһҵĻ˷ܺͼߵ˷۵ļԱߣʵ
Ȼ㲻״Ǹɴֱ˵˵ˡ
ʵļˣƺǳи㲻״ǣֿװһССıˡ
һ΢ֵЩԽе˵ǿԱߵ𣿡
ס˵˵ͷȻˡ
˵ӦѾ̶ֳȵıУѵĻˡ
΢ӵͷûзķĳԼݶƣ
ס˼ͷͬʱҲ΢΢Щŭֲǰ׳գȻܹķƷĳݶơ
׿̸Ҫ˵ĻǾǰƷʻͻ꣬λҵƷȴһ仨һ껨궼ûС
΢ӼķƷǸһʫġ
סֵͷʫĿʽڻ滭кܳ
΢ƺΪ⣬ס˵ϣЦǺǵ˵Ǿʫģ̤ȥ㡯
סٵͷ⵹һǳʫҲ֪˭⣿Ӧһʫ֮ǰûһʫ
ҲˣķΪʲôһ
ֻǣʫСλҵƷΪһ껨궼ûУǰƷֵþͺܺסġ
ܿ죬ǵԺһͻǵɴ۾λҵƷﾡǲ˼ɫ
ѾˣλƷľ˼
ԭˡ
ڻ滭ϣƷ˼ϣ׵ѹǰƷ
λⲻ۸
סˣͬǰƷλѡֱ֣ϣ˴ңζû뵽
ͬʱҲˣΪʲôе˶˷ܺͼˡ
ˡ̤ȥ㡱һʫǷͲֻһ滭ĻˣĹ¡
˽ֵĹ¡
סΪѾȫˣʵǻûȫס
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΢ȴҡҡͷ˵ǵһ
һסһ涼ѹƷܹھôأ
Ϊʲôʵ
΢ӼΪλң֮ǰαĲѡ֣ųֵġûȤҪܹھͷεĻȻͲܹھˡôܹھֻܿȱֻǰλѡУѡһΪܹھ
Ҳǲѡ֣ס˵ͷǾ˵Ķңôμ̶ֳȵı
ֻǣȻǲѡ֣ΪҪ֣
ס໥˿ǺȻ֣ƺû˽ֳ
⵽ôһ¶ϸĸǡ˵
΢ȻԸ⣬Ϊ˷ܵĽȥϸĸסˡ
س⣬λѡֵĴ𰸲⣬γֵĵȵȡ
סԽ۾ɵԽԽԽе˼飬ֱһ׮¡
֮ǲȫˣΪʲôһ˵˷ܺͼ
ǣҲͬ˷ܣǳĺڣڸոûۼķ
Ǹп
п˺һ֮˵λ˭ոƺһֱû˵˼Ҷˣ
˼ң΢ӵЦЩŹ֣ס˵ٹʮ꣬ȷ˼ˡ
ʲô˼סˣһʱ֮ЩûзӦ
΢ӵЦĹŹָ֣ŲԶӰ˵λ˼ҡˣʲô֣Ҳ֪
סˣ˳΢ָķ򿴹ȥ֮޲




һǧٰ߰ʮ ̾
ס˾д𾪺Ͳŵɫ
ҲţλĴң֮ǰʫֳǱߣʫǸӡ
ǲܵġ
΢ס˵ľЩ֣ʵôʶ
׵ǣ˵λ
΢ӵȻ֮ǰߵЩˣۿģֻ˲ӵʱ䡣УԱǸɫ·ӣǳǸΪƯӡ
סٳһǸɫ·ӣҲ֪֮ǰ˵ǵʫֻǿõóֵǸӡ
Ǹܹ̤ȥ㡱ʫ
ģôǸӺĶʫƺ͡
˵Ļ˵ǵʫֻǿܹõó֣ԡ
סˣͻȻоЩð亹̫𾪣һʱ֮Խܡ
ֻ߸ȷе˵ǲԸܣϣһжǼٵġ
ǲԸǸĶʫ費ͣԸܣǸһλĻ滭ҡ
λĻ滭ʮ꣬ǻܹܣȴֻǸʮˣνܣ
ҶˣҲ̫˰ɡ
ǸΪƯӣ㶼Ưˣʫ費ͣ˱ˣ˰
׵˵˼ң֪νǰʵ
ΨһֱӰ˼
һȻһ̾˵ǸӶʫӦõȷ٣ʫϵ裬Ӧò̫ߡ̤ȥ㡯Ӧòԭ
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Щ⣬顢ضŮҲͬЩ⡣
ض塢׶˵ӡãڿ˵г⣬Զ˵ӡĹ˲٣ҲͲԲɣòԵ΢΢һЦ
һЦҲ塢׵˷֣֮ǰ⡣
ǱΪصԡ϶ûЦǣҲΪ׼
ȴ룬ػòһЦ֮ǰĲ˿⣬ипЩС֮ĶȾ֮ˡ
ڸп֮࣬ͬʱҲǳ˺ͼΪӣ֮ǰĲ첢⣬ӦøӲˡ
ʵȻҲˣ֮ǰ˿ûзϣûǸҪ
Է͡˵Ļٲôأ
ȻȻ⣬ԶԷӡҲۿۣ걾һԵ֣벻ԵҲ̸ʲôԵˡ
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塢׶ˣ΢΢һЦ˵λˡ
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ʽʾǸ⣬ܹоóʵĵǸ˵˵ͷ׵ĵǸ
׳һѵڲȴ֮ǰӵĽš
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˵ȻҲˡ
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һ֮׼ڲôˣ˵ҲȻࡣ
˷׷׸пҪһ׺ʫףҪΪһרҵʫ˸Ǽѣ뿪Ц˵ϵˣ֮ʣʫͬ޷Щͨʫļѵġ
һЦ˵Ҫʫ̳ȡһĳɾͣͽ⻪ɽ֮һͼΪļѣ·УΨмǰֻҪܹǰջˡ
ס󣬸Ͻһ˵л̻壡
ڰ֣˵һ̸ʲô̻壬ĵýˡ
סȴĹ
˵ǿɶΪרҵʫˣ
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˵ͷ룬˵ȡֽ
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ֻҪһȥ͹ˣֻֻһΣԺ󲻿Уס弸ûԸλᡣ
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ס弸תȥ˷ܺͼ飬˭ó
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δҲ̫һ㡣
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ӣѾԽԽˣµᷢʲôˣ
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ס˾һŬڼѵļȺ»صߣͬʱֽʡͬʱڣ֮ǰһŻϡ
ͬʱ˵ֽѾȡˡ
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סͬʱǣлл
ס˼λѡ֡˵ͬΪÿ죬ɹߡ
ۼ֤Ӻһֽ֮ۼ֤ӺһʫһεĻɽ֮֮УΪһļ䡣
紫֮ҲؽĽּʡ
ʱ˿̣ȺΧȻЩԵĹڣڲϵ֮˴ǰȺĴֳʲô
˲֪Ҳ֪֪˴֪֪һһģֳˣַ֪ʲô顣
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ڡɻƺӱ̫ѩɽһУ׵ԭʫǡ̫ѩɽ
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֮ǰǣҲǣҲضǡ
ͣʣ˵·ѡʲôĵ·Уĵ·УֻҪ㹻ļȥջᡮ˻ʱֱƷò׺ҽʫʹҹ㡣
ýüˣȫԵʮֵ˷ܺͼȻס弸Ϊ
ǵľþ޷ƽֳʶˡʫɡķɣҲʶˣǺ֮Ĳࡣ
ֲ࣬áغ蹵ƺˡ
ֳʱӺһףһӶ޷ﵽĸ߶ȡ
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ʫӣ򵥵ķһ±ǣ
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ʹҷ±꣬ԸȾƳԷγܣһƬãȻ
ɹƺӣ󴨡̫ɽѩ鲼ɽ
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һǧٰ߰ʮ 
ʫĲӣֻҪʫоˣܹ
ֳ󲿷˶ʫЩоԴ󲿷˶ܹöֻǴҶԡϪϣձߡһ䣬Щ⡣
벻ĻӦʡϪϡ˵Ӧǣ̫μˮϪ͵ĵʣҺϤձߡʲôʣȴǲ֪ˡй˵
Ҳ˴󲿷ֵĹڣ֪һõ䣬ڡ塷ľ޴ӰҶ֪ǰǹڽ̫ĵʣǹ˭ĵʣȴǲ֪ˡ
󲿷ֹڲ֪סȴֳ֪˽
ǹĩ̳һλĵʡ
ձߡ˵μԼ˴Ա߾Ƹ룬ġ
ԭֿĳĩڿɣĸˮ֮ϣΪϡΪҲ൱ںࡣ
ԣΪ
̳μҡ˼ң֪ĵ֮һҽѧҡл棬Ҳʷϵһλ֮ʦҳ٣ʱѾ䡣
һ͵ʱ䣬ԼĴһΪԪʥʥ֮ʥ
ƶ࣬ഫĸūǸףļūʦĸǾˮ֮ϲɣϵū
ĳһδ˵¡
ϴζмأЁŮӲɣӤڿɣ֮У֮J֮
˵ĸ֮ǰһΣһ֪ʳˮߣˡ
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ڶ죬ĸ׹Ȼ־ˮȪӿûľ棬֪ͨһ򶫱ӡ
ӳ20󣬻ͷʱ֮ǰĵطѾΪһƬ
ĸ׾еˣȴΥĸ룬ܵ˳ͷӻΪ˿ɣ
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Һҽѧķչ˾޴ĹףҽҺഫ
ҺһԵ˼ΪָҽҽѧּҪݣڷʳ꣬˵˼룬ԡ˺ӲۡżΪشӰ졣
ͬʱ춨ҽѧĻѧϰʹõġԴڴˡ
Ҳ˵õҽѧҵ𾴣ϹŴ˵еҽһƵۡũһҽҳݵĵá
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ʦƺȻҲ޿ɺǣʦʼ档

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ֳĹǣ˹Ĺ֮޲׷׸̾ĩ̳ʱһλ
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ȻҲǳл·ѡе䣬ձߡ
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·ѡȫʫһֻʮ䣬ʮĸ֣ԸУֻǶƪֳ˶֮ȴڶһ׳ƪԸһ㡣
ʫУ̫̫ݡ
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ȫʫУѩɽ·Уеĵ·ĵ·
˸пǰ·᫣;࣬ĵ·ѣҪߵ·ںη֮⣬Ӧô
Ӧһֻܽǿ̬Ŭ·Ϳƣţչδǿ
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һס·ѡпܳΪת۵㣬ʫʵ

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УءŮͬʱСһΪΡ

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񶫿ʯϵ漣ԼΧΪοͣ˷ܡЩοͶ漣ƻ
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ԣʫʯԣĿ⾯ĿЩͼȥּοͣһĳλοͼڵһʱֹ
ѾϵصĹԱбҪһֱصعԱ
ֻǣһ绰ֽ֮ԬƽеߣǧԬƽҪּ֤İȫ
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ոսӵ쵼ĵ绰µһ飬ԬƽȻٶȸϷ֮ۡ
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һһʫԭ嶼ֳ쵼ó񶫸Ϸۣ֮Ҫ뾡һа취һһʫԭڻɽ
ԭļֵ޴
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ԣ·ѡԭӦڸʫ硣
ң·ѡʱõֽʡ⡢īǸʫṩġ
ס弸Ϊ·ѡԭӦǱ棬ǵɸӳ֣׿ڱʫ͸ǣǹġ
ԭȻӦǡ
ƻġ㡷֮ͼڱصã⽫Ϊǵ֮
Ϣ˵ʫ糤ƻ糤ڵõϢĵһʱ䣬ҴŻɽԭڱصá



һǧٰ߰ʮ ԭ
ڸϷ֮۵·ϣ˷ܡֽ֡
Ҫڸʫ硢ƻ磬Լסˣԭ塰Ϸ֮֡ǰϵϷ֮ۡ
˼Ѿԭ뿪Ȼǧԭİ취Ҳˡ
񶫺ܽϣ˭ҲϷ֣һֱȥ
㹻ʱϵ
ֻĻǻɽҪõԭѶȣɻ
һ·ϣ񶫻ûʧ

Сʱ֮ǰɽ֮ۡ
顢ˣ뿪˺һ֮Ѿ뿪ϢȺд
ȫеǳźҲ֪ܹۼ֤һʫһḶ́ѾһĪĻԵˣﻹܹʱ
﷢飬ҲȫϸĹϡ
ϣѻΪ֮ǰģִ֮ϡ˷ܲѣһʫһһĿϾӵĸо
ֻǷǳźǣֻܿ·ѡһʫݣȴ㡷һݡ
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ǺֳҲͬΪһʫһԭ
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ô˵ֳÿһ˶еõԭʸǡ·ѡһʫԭ塣
Ϊʫʱ˵Ҫʫֳÿһ˹㡣
ᵽÿһˣȻ˶ʸ
ֻǣֻ˵ʸʵϣĽֱƻ硢ʫ磬Լסˡ
ʵҲˣʱֻʣᡣ
ʫס˵Ŀǡ·ѡԭ壬ƻĿǡ㡷ԭ塣
ƻѾû˾֣ʫֺһ֣ԡ㡷ԭҲҪᡣ
⵹Ϊ̰ģԭ嶼ҪΪס˵вռƣƣΪ˱ֿտգǰĿ׼ˡ㡷ԭ塣
Ȼʫ磬ĻһԳΪǵ֮
˭ҲԸòΪ˵õԭ壬ҳ˸еûɣǳ֡
ĹУͻȻ˵Ϊû뿪ɽȻټԭĹȨȽϺá
Ϊʲôƻ硢ʫͬʱʵ
׵϶ѾˣɽιĶУϲĻڸٲߵĻǻһľߡ
ƻ硢ʫﶼһǵǰˣæͬʱ˵ã뿪ɽ
ȻʱһЦȻ˵λαôżȥһɽ˽ܵ飬λɶ̺Щʱ
˾һˡ˵ݣ֪Ӧþǻɽιˡ
һ̾ϢѣͬʱŤͷķȥ
ֻһʮҵӣЦǺǵǡ
߽֮˵ǳǸҽ񶫣ǻɽιģոλ˵Ҫ뿪ɽˣ̲סǸǸʵǱǸ
ȻˡӣΪԭѻ˵ô
Χ۵˵۾һɽҲ뵽ᵱˣӸ˼ˡ
Ҳûϣõԭ壬ȻϣԽԽá
񶫳һǸˣֻҪԭ廹ǻɽǾнԭµĻᡣ
׵˵ʣѾˡ
ǣٴιһЦ˵ǻɽһʵ̫ˣµһԱߵһʯϣΪǻɽˣִ֮ϡʫ֮Ϸ֮ϣΪǻɽһһʫһŮǵľˡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ӱӣô˵õǹֱӵģƤҲһʫһʲôʱΪǻɽµˣ
ƻֳˣֲǺһЦ˵¾⻰˵ÿɲԣȷһʫһ١һʫһΪƻµģ¾ô˵Ϊɽµأ
ʫֳˣҲ˵¾ĻȷûԣµһʫһǴֽϵģ뻪ɽӦûʲôϵɣ
˵·ѡһʫҪΪ˶д͸ǣ֮·ȻУֻҪᶨȥջֱò׺ȷ뻪ɽûʲôϵ
֣˵ôûйϵأΪǻɽŻɽ˻ɽŻ⻪ɽ֮һʫһûлɽܻһʫһңڡ·ѡѾ˵ˣ̫ѩɽʫԾΪǻɽд
ֵΪǣôܻд¡·ѡһʫûǣɽʮΣӦҲдһʫԣд·ѡͻɽûκεĹϵᵽ˻ɽ˵Ϊɽдʵ൱ǣǿ

һչ˴ǹս˭Ҳò
֮󣬲ڴһʶʱȽԭڻɽȵƻ͸ʫ糤˻ɽ֮ķٶԭĹȨЭ̡



һǧٰ߰ʮ 䶨
ԭᣬʱͳһɽ֮۵飬ڽĻ
ۻߵܹھȱʫǱߵܹھסϷ塷
Χ۵οǽɢȥһɢȥһ߻ڸпһεĻɽ֮УԶҲ޷ǵļ䡣
ͬʱҲԳΪԺʱװƵʱ
ֳĻϵ飬ȴ˿ûĻ˼ҡ
ִ֮ϡԣమ֣ҭԳ
·ѡһʫ·;ˣҵ˷򣬼ᶨ
䵮Ḷ́γ˹µĴ˵
̤ȥ㡱ع£ҲͬΪ˴˵˽ֵ
Ҽܹ϶ʫҲͬֻǽС֮д
ʫпֻһ䣬ʱΪ˸⣬ֻôһ䡣
Ҳпʱʵһʫֻֻѡһˡ
ôһʫֻһʫ
֮⣬û֪𰸣ǹһ

ȫξڲȦӡ
֮ǰµһʫѾøĽּˡ
ڣڻɽ֮һʫһø㼵ʵ۾졣
ǻɽûеõһʫһԭ壬ʫ¼ѾܹɷǳӰˡ
ɽܹõԭ壬Ӱ
۲ֹ˿ԼĽ뼵ʡ
ɽһεʲôĹ¡
ɽһŮˣ֪ŮʲôʱҲܾһǻɽ
Ů񰡣ôƫƫȥ˻ɽɽȵ®ɽŮӦ®ɽŶԡ
ҿɽһλøлƻ͸ʫٰıûٰıľûһʫһĵ˵ɽͲҪȥ˼ԭ
˵ûɽѾռ˴ˣȥ˼ԭɶӦôһ㣬ø˼ҡ
ԶԣɽӦóԭ塣¶Ǿǿ϶óġ
ûǾҲó

׷׷˵ɽӦ˳ԭᡣ
ɽڵһ쵼ˣȴǺǺһЦ֪ЩĽּʵı֡
ǾǻóŹ֡
Ȧظǻɽϵλͬţǰԭ壬ǽһּµܡǻɽһúõľ֮꣬ӭλ
һھˣĽʵͬʱصNɪ
ɽ쵼ǼˣһǵĹһЦ

ǡ
ҲЦЦ֮˵Сʫˣһĳˮ׼ѾþûСʫˣΪСѾˣԼһʫء
ԪҲЦСӵ̫࣬ЩʱˣԼһʫˡ
ҵҲûйϵֻҪһֱǾУżʱʫۺúõһҲ֪ˡ
׵ǰ˲Сʫʮֵڴǵס
Ԫִ֮֡롶·ѡһĳˮ׼Сӵʫһܡ
ҵ˵ж෽ᡶ·ѡԭ壬֪䵽˭
Ц䵽˭ﶼûйϵһõ϶Сĺǻǲõԭƻ
ҵͷ⵹Ҳǣ󲻹˭õԭ壬Ƕȥһ
סԪͬʱȻ

ϵķ׷ţû̫ע顢ضŮ뿪ɽ֮ۺȥ˻ɽһЩط档
һ·ϣѾĴοۣʫһĹˡ
Դ˲⣬ЩɶǰԵľ䣬ټڵӰô̵ʱʮġ
ŶŮڻɽϴ죬ɽҪ㶼ȥ˿ڵʱ˻ɽ
ʱ򣬹ԭᣬѾ䶨
ƻ͸ʫ糤Ե˻ɽ뻪ɽסˣԭĹȨĽ档
˺ܳʱĽۣڴ˹ʶ
·ѡԭ壬ɸʫס˹ͬӵУԭչʾڸʫ硣סҪԭʱȨԭʱߡ
ԭʹ֮ٽŻظʫչʾ
㡷ԭ壬ƻͻɽͬӵУ˫аԭչʾȨɻɽչʾ
ɽڻɽרΪ㡷ԭ壬һչʾƽ̨
֮󣬱οǿš
ǵ֪һϢ֮޲ȸԾܹ㡷һˡ
Ԥǣ㡷ԭ壬ڻɽչ֮󣬶ǰȥ͡
ɽ칫ҶԴˣʮֵ˷ܺڴ
֪Ϣ֮ȻһκεģԼĽ뼵ʡ
֪صϢ֮˵ͷĽġ
󣬺顢ضŮһ뿪˻ɽ



һǧٰ߰ʮ һƷ
뿪ɽ֮顢ûĵ飬ֱӻʥ塣
صӣŴϤһУЦɽãǱȲǵĴӡ
ͬ˵Ǽá
ЦĿ˵
ɫ΢΢һ죬ȻսصĶߣ˵һʲô
ɫͬ΢΢һ죬һ֡
˵ʲô
˶ѣӦˣȴװûһЦǺǵĿŴֵˡ
ˮ䰴ˣһصƷ½Сﴫ桷Ҳᡣ
Ӧ׼һƷˡ
ļƻУ½Сﴫ桷֮󣬻ƳƷȻʽС˵
ǸʱС˵ǰ٣ҲǷʵʱ

һ֮
һڡЦУԵʮֲᣬΪһڵġЦһڡ
֮ǰԤ棬ԳԵġ½Сﴫ桷ڽʽᡣ
ǽġЦ֮󣬳ٳ᲻÷᲻½СĹ£
᲻½СŴѩ¥Ҷ³ǡ˾ժǡʵеȵȣһϵʮֳʵ
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ʲôʱ˵ټʱ½Сﲻһֱǡ
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Ϊһ˵ЦˣǴЦġ
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ӹһƷ̽ӦûǲСġ
ϣ˰Ҳǳϲ֣̽С˵
ôһƷ˭ǷҲ½Сһ书ǿưʵǷǳڴ
ͬڴӦòȵ̫ãĿԴ


ߵȦӡ
һǣҲͬһƷ
˵һƷ̽𣿡
˵ܻᣬܲᡣΪĿҪһЩ
һƷǳֵڴƷӦǿһһˣӦϧ
ȻҪϧˣС˵֮ǿ϶൱Ĳϰߡ
ȲҪô࣬ڻûзС˵ǣڴһƷɡ
˵ûڴһƷĵȵԺ˵



һǧ߰پʮ 㴫桷
ʱѧί칫ҡ
пһ˵½Сﴫ桷ڻˡӹȻ֮ͬǰһͨⲿƷΪС˵ڶľڣʱڴһƷˡ
貨һƷҲͬµľ൱ֵڴ
ϣ̽ķȻƷΪĴ֮һ
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ôĿԴɡ

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Щ⣬˵Ӱ黨ʧ˧̤㣬⵱ȻһͨĵǵеĴԪ˧åеļѹӣһ裬
һЦ˵СԽ˵ԽˣããҷǳڴλеĴԪ˧Ĺ¡ˣλ˧ʲô֣
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⣬ͬŮ˻ӭͬ书ǿͬܶѡ
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ȻˣǵԸһ΢
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书ǿṦ˫Ƕı۲΢һһ԰ֽҿһһࡣ
Ӱ黨ʧ˧̤㣬㴫桷㲻ɢ

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˵ȻһּΪǿҵ
Ҳǿ˹ӹ΢֮˷ܡһҪԭ



һǧ߰پʮһ 
˷ܡҪԭ򣬻һ
Ǿǡ㴫桷Ȼͬͬɡ̽С˵
ڷǳϲַƷһ½Сﴫ桷ȻԶԶġ
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Ӱ黨ʧ˧̤㡯Ȼ̫仰˼仰ȴ˸оǳѵˬо̫˧ˡ
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貨ǹӹƷӰ֮µһˡ

ߵȦӡ
һͬ۷׷ס
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ĽҲãúõһصĶߣúõڴ㴫桷
ðɣ˹ӹԤ棬ԸһĶߡ
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ֻϣһܹ㵽


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ûôҵȴ̫á
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Ѿǣľ͵ꡢͤһڵġЦ
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ӵ̼ģǾǵĺҹӽ黨˿̾ԣŰ׾ʮֵ÷Ǳ˿һƵʹŤţ۾Ŷ̼㣬ǵľƱ

ûˣǵĺҹӽ黨Ѿ֪˭дģ
Ϊ֪ʹʮʹ࣬۾ֽǿľƱ
дǸеʮ֮ˬһţȻ˵



һǧ߰پʮ ˧̤
Ҫ黨İ񣬱дһŸ黨˽黨Ŀġ
дţǸеǳˬ
ʱ򣬴ҲˣӰ黨ʧ˧̤㡱仰˼
˵һ黨Ĺӣʧİ񣬵˧̤ɫȡ˽黨İֻʣһţ翶ʫš
仰˼֪˳ɹģȡ˰
ȻǴ֮ǰ֪仰Ҳųܹȡ߰
ûɵģǾš
黨ΪŶüԲܾԴУĹԹԵİѰ׼ãԵĵطԷȡ
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ͺȴԶԶڽĿȫû˿رֻ֮һ˫ڲͬĶǰװһԼٶ䡣
Ȼͨˡ
ǽǾʤھͷƽڡ޵С
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Ǵصͺˣ˲ãµɥͺӥ
ԣͺӥֻҪһ˵ĺ֮ɷֱŮж䣿Ǻݣ
˭ֻҪĺͺӥڶһҲӵӵͺӥܹ׷õ
˶ǽ黨ġ
޵Ц˵ƾһֽ뽫ıУİȡߣδҲСӢˡ
黨üıʾƾֽͬѾ֪ȡ߶챦ˣ˵Ҫʱȡһ˭Ҳ뱣浽ʱ
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ߵʱ˳İ
ͺӥипվǳ㣬Ȼ鴫ͬʱּΪţѾĶУһҵġ
֮޵СС黨˽ӻء
޵˸߳ˣЦ˵ԭƭˣǼٵġ
ҲЦ˵ǼٵģôҲֵӡ͵ʴףõ˧ҹҲԽˡ
Ψͺӥ̾Ǽٵģأ
黨ɫֱ䣬һ˵ϻһ߳ȥϻӡ
Ȼﻹʲôˣ
ֻһŵֽ㣬ͬ翶дӰ黨ʧ˧̤㡣
Ȼ黨Լʱȡ˰
Ȼǳ㵥ͽ黨Լ
ˣѾʽǳ
һǳǣеĸܵ˵˧ĲǼ׿Խ书ǿĶš
ǿȻǳˬ
˵ʱȡʱȡʮֵʱ൱˧
޵кˣʼΪţΪһܹס㣬Ҳܹð񣬵ȴžž
ǿúˬڳϲ
㣬ʱѾ˺ϣһҾɵΦļװϣ޳ָŵǾӨİˡ
ʱĳģǳܡ
֮ԺܣΪŸˣҲΪڼװϣΪΪŮߡ
Ů˵˵飬Ӽֱɷˡ
ǺĽʱ֪ˣķΡ



һǧ߰پʮ ϸʬ
һҾɵΦϣλ飬ǷǳĽ
ڵ֮࣬Ҳλ˴ţƣھǣҿʶ˲ЩνӢ۵ͺӥͷ⣬ȫǷͰдܾ˵书һйʣ˵ܴһʮ˴ѨҾʹӹȴȻƵġ
⻰ȻЩԴ޵ζȷʵ书µһṦȴ˫
ǺϲǰţƵĳ㡣
Ȼǰǳ˵ʵڴţơ
ţƴˣҲڶȻ䷢
ҫĺϣԶԶƯһʬ塣
һʬϼװ壬ϳʬݣǰưӣǶ
ֻǣǰһ̾ϣ⺣ϣ
Щɻ󣬶ҵɰŵɰ֮¡
ɰǰʲôޣ
ɰУɱˣᳬַ֮󣬲²ɱˣпܾǣɰеɱǧ
ź˵ҪӺǱƮʬ壬ֹһ
ƲȻ׼ȷġ
Ưһʬ塣
һʬװ׾Ȼɱǧ
ǧɱԼҲɱˡ
ô˭ɱǧ
ǧһᴩʺ˿״۳ɱǧˣӦǽܼģϽ¡
ϽɰŲԩ޳𣬷ԨԴ
ôϽ£ΪʲôҪɱǧ
Ե޹ʵģŸУǧֺͿģ˺¡
ѵʲôܣ
˼һǳȤģ
֮һ䣬֪Ҫˣ˵εǣض㣬ضʮգóĪҪһε¡
ȴ˵Խյ£ԽȤǣԽܣǣֵ֮Ҳضߡ
ε£ӳǹܶˡ
Σ˵Һͬ룬ΪֹһͷûУܣҲδعܵˡ
ȴ˵ͷԽԽġ
ʵҲȷˡ
ΪƮһ߸ʬ
һǸ׵۵ˣοΰߴ󣬳ʶˡ
˺ȻǺɵ£˺еӣ֮ݶֻ֣˱ȵϡ
Ӧþɱ֮ǰǧ
ڣֱɱˡ
ȻѾԽԽ죬ʼǧɱ֮ǧֱɱ
ڣҲɱˣ
ôɱӵ˭
ɱӵˣ᲻ٱһɱȻظȥ
ԽԽ죬ȤԽԽŨ
ǣҲԽԽ֪⵽ôһ¶ı󣬵ʲôܣ
ЩǶҪȴȥΪҵࡣ
ӵԴһ룬ܹ϶ɱӵˣӦþӰľϡ
ȴ˵ľݺڴɳĮʮ꣬ųơɳĮ֮
Ϊɱӵ˾ľϡ
ңڵȴľϵʬ壬ӺƮ
ӣ㲻ΪɱӵľϣΪľҲͬᱻһɱ
ôľϵʬ壬ӺƮ
ǿ϶ġ
Ưһʬ壬ʬȻɳĮ֮ľϡ
ƶϣȫȷ
ľϵʬ壬ǵñѶͻȫƤʰɫж
֪ľеĲȫǶеǱκζҩģһˮ
һˮˮֻҪһΣȫѶ
ľһˮ֮¡
ڣˮ¼ɼ¼ĹԶеĴ
ĵǣ֪ǲܶ鲻ܵġ
̾иʬ֣ôҪˮʹߵˡ
Ư˵߸ʬ
һεĸʬǸΪŮӣˮ¡
һˮɱľϵˮҲˣ黹ڼԽԽ졣
ˮµŮӣȥ룬ģǲ̵ɱߣƺҲƻ
ɱַƲɱˮŮӵˣӦľϡ
ľϣûôĵ
ӦľϷԼˡһˮǰƴٳһˮµŮӣͬھˡ
Ʋ⣬ȥЩ㲢Ϊ
ΪˮµŮӲľ֣֮ӦľĴ絶˱
Ȼô絶ģľϵɱַɱˮµŮӡ
֮ΪΪľǰɱˮµŮӣͬھ¼ʹ˽
˼ȻҪΪѾô¾ͱضûнŸոտʼ
Ϊġ
еǣڿ˳ķ֮ҲͬΪ¼Ÿոտʼ
ʣ⽫һηǳ¼ȻĳشıȫǳҪ֪ࡣ



һǧ߰پʮ ԭһ
ѪƮ㡷Ĺ»ڼ
ǸɱļĻ˭
ģɸ˵Ŀģ
еǶǳҪ֪𰸣֪һΪǽҿࡣ
ʵȻҲˡ
˸Ӻ͹飬ôܲȥˮʯ
ֻǣûκεҪ࣬ڴ롣
ҲʧΪһְ취ܱʲôǿǡ
ԣ󺣡롱ȥˡ
ʬƮķ򣬳㷢һһˡ
Ǹǳѣɮ޻
ɮ޻žޣǷеʿ塢١ʫղ˾һ书ͬߣֵеһ֡
ɮ޻һڴϣʫ㲢ûд
ɮ޻ĴʬƮÿһ㶼ȥơ
ɮ޻֮⣬һˡ
ؤĴ󻤷ĴϣԼΰϹ顣
ϹҲǳѣ˾࣬Ҳࡣ
еĴϣɮ޻Ϲ֮⣬ûˡ
صԼĴϣɮ޻Ϲ飬˵λ
λ˶ɮ޻ϹҲΪϤԱ˵Ȼ޹ء
ͬλ˵Ĺ۵㣬ҲΪɮ޻Ϲ޹ء
ֻǣʬƮĺ򣬽ˣ޹أǾûһ
ºȥ̡롱û̵κεҲʱûκεİ취ֻܵȴµ֡
µܿͳˡ
Ĵ϶һˣһƯŮˡ
ŮӦǳóºȥ̡롱ʱﵽġ
ܹϴλ˷֣Ȼ͡
ŮˮˣרҳģΪɳ͵ˮĶҪĶһˮ
ˮһˮʧˣ
һһˮʧԣֻʧ˼Σ˵ȴһǳصĴ¡
Ϊһˮãнʮһ֣׵ڷ
Ȼûȥ͵һˮ˼ˮŮˣȷлɡ
ΪǱˮ͵һˮˣֻ̤ĵ˧
ǣˮڲ˼Ե
뵽֮ǰֵģǸˮ˵ʬ塣
ѵǸԵˣ
ΪĳĿģ͵һˮȻһˮɱˡɳĮ֮ľϣȻԼҲĻɱˡ
ֿԵȷС
ǣˮŮˣȥ֮ǰǸˮ˵ʬ塣
ȻˮŮȴ˵Ǹ˲ˮˣֻǴˮ˵ķΣٰΪˮˡ
ôֻǸĻ֣Ů˼ٰΪˮ˵ģȻɱŮڣ޻ɳĮ֮ľϡ
ŮֻһλĴ
֮ǰ黹ûͷˮһˮʧˣһˮʧԣȻ֮ǰ飬ǧ˿Ƶϵ
黹ڼԽԽӣȴȻûС
ˮŮóæȡһˮף뿪˳Ĵ
ʵˮŮ˲˵ҲȥˮʯԽǸӵ飬ԽȤ
λ֮һصıãˮ¡
ˣȥıãһˮ飬ԼװİΪһХֵĹҩ̣ȥɰŵĸݵؼϣѰ
ɰŵɱǧ֮һΪȥɰŵĵӴһЩϢӦܹҵһЩ
˼ϣװХֵĳ㣬ͨĲɹɰŵߡ
֮󣬾һϵеĲۣԭһ콣Ҳԭһɱ֣ԭһ졣
ԭһ컹ɱ֣˵ֻҪܹ߼ۣԭһɱԼĹѣԭһҲ顣
⣬ԭһ컹ԭɱֻ֣Ҫ˱˵⣬Ҫɱˣʮʮı꣬Ҳ޷
֮Խһ족Ϊɱ˾϶Ѱе˵Ҫܹǡôĸպýɱ̽ȥ֣ĽֻһѪ
ԣһ졣
Хֵĳ㣬Ϊŵĵ̣û˴Ǯԭһæɱɰŵˡ
ԭһѳ㵱ɰŵˣ֣Ҫɱ㡣
ϧ书ȻҲһδ⣬ɱ˳㡣
ɱУ΢Цһһδ֡
֮˾ϳ˶Էݡ
˵ɱ˵Ļ⣬˵δɱˣ˵Ѫɱı֡
ԭһȴ˵δɱˣ֪ɱ˵Ŀ֣
˵δɱҲ֪ɱʹ࣬һֻܽѵĿ֣ڱ˵ʹɻϣҲδ̫ˡ
ԭһ죬˷ֱϳԷ֮һԻǶ˶µʶ
δɱˣһеǣеǳ⡣
ˣȻǲܻɱģһҲɱЩ˼ˡ
ǶԳµʶ



һǧ߰پʮ չ
δɱˣǶԴʮ־㵣ԳҲµʶ
ԭһ죬ҲʮǿҵȤ
ԭһһְҵɱֻ֣Ҫ˿ϳۣǺ˻ǻˣɱ
ң顣
ֻɱ˵ʱ򣬲Żܵ֡
ˣȻǺˡ
ЩǺˣȴʮֵ͡
ԭһ죬ԾˣǶԭһǳȤҲǳ͡
Ϊԭһͳ֮ĽֻΪһҲԭɱ֡
һǺ˵ˣܹͣԭǸӵġ
µڼչ
һٴҵ˳㣬ɱ㡣
һΪɱ㣬һΣԼҪɱ㡣
㲢ûʲôԹ֮Ҫɱ㣬ֻΪһ˷ܵĶ֡
ɱ㣬ͱɱһġ
ֻϧ㲢֣ĽֱָʺҲûжֵ˼
һ֪ᶯ֣ͻȻعԼʺ
һڳˣΪֹһɱԼ
˶ˡ
Уһ˲ΪˣΪ˾ˡһͬΪˣҪɱԼ
Ķ֣Ҳˡ
ʱһ󼱴ٵһ࣬ͻȻԴңɱԼǷ˿Ҫɱ㡣
㲻֮£ֻóסһ졣
ڹؼǣһԴҵʱδ̫ɺˡ
ѵǸ֪֮һ죬һΪԴңҪһ֮ɱ㣿
ֻǳ书Զһߣļƻûгɹˡ
ǴӺϵһҶϴģ֮˶Ȼǹ֮ϡ
㵽˹֮ϡ
ϥ°ɫɮµɮˣڷ١
ɮĿǣݰףĿŮ֮ģ֮ȴַκŮܱ⡣
ɮȫ£һȾƷԾ֮ϴƶ¡
ɮ˲Ǳˣǳĺѣµġɮ޻
Ȼ޻ڸ٣ô֮ǰжϾʹˡ
޻ܺ㣬һֻǸɺϡ
Ц书Զһ졣
ȻΪ޻︧٣ո鷳ˡ
޻˵ˣոһںߡ۽һ¡
޻ȴԼ˺С
Ǻ⣿
޻ش˵Ϊһ֣ʹǰѾմѪҲ֮ˡ
ǿ޲㵣޻ųơɮȻǸˣȻԼԸմȾѪ֮
ǳѣǳĵˣǹƳЩ鷳
ڹ϶һ֮󣬱뿪ˡ
޻ų뿪ıӰ΢ЦʶΪΪУǼ¡
޻һǲû⡣
֮󣬾շתϣڵõһЩǳмֵ
߸ʬеԣǧӡľˣ뿪Լס֮ǰӵһصš
ķţӦǳͬһ֮֡
һǳҪҲǳΨһ
ҪҿܣͱҪ֪дķŵ˭ֶдЩʲôݣ
Ҫ֪飬ͱҪǧӡľ˵׽֮˴
ϧǣĻĺ֣ԳƺΪ˽⣬֪Ҫȥ˭ѾǰЩɱڡ
θաɡӥˣֱп֪ǧ٣ԼǷݵˡ
ϧڳҵǵǰһ̣˾Ļĺɱڡ
Ļĺ־ǳһεĶ֣Ҳ¼Ĳ߻ߣǵȡһˮˡ
˭
ڻûһջһһֵġ
һʦýɺãʧ֮ɺó̽Ϣ
ɺãһѧԵĻʦס֪һǳҪϢ
ʮǰѧΪһŮˣķ
ǸŮˣء
ѧΪķȻķֱĸˡ
ĸ˷ֱǣǧӡľϡ
ԭڶʮǰǧӡľˣߵ
Ҳֱйһθ飬֪ΪʲôԭؾӴ˺ǶϾ
ˣѧΪķ񣬷ֱ͸ˡ
֮Ķʮ伣ǧӡľˣȻߵ˼ĺ룬δı䡣
˾ΪδȢֻصĻ䱦
ҲΪóĵ飬ȡһǳҪĽչ
ʱѾ֪ǧӡľˣǰյǷţдǵġ
˾Ϊضŵġ
ϵľʲôȻ֪Ʋ⡣
Ӧ˵ԼʲôѣҪ˵İʹ˺ԥ
ѾһЩüĿȻ롣
ΪʲôҪǣ
ǷѣҪ
ŮˣֻʲôҪ
ܹҵأͻӭж⡣
ȻҪȥء



һǧ߰پʮ ²
ȥء
Ѿ伣ʮ꣬ҪѰң
ѧԸ߳㣬ʮǰһֵĵطΪػġֵʦ̫صѣ֪ص䡣
㼸֮ڵ֡
Ȼʦ̫ѾֻһǲŮᡣ
ڳ鿴ʦ̫ʬʱͻȻܵһ˵Ĺ
˳֮ǰ֮ǰɱθڣǸˡ
ҲпܾǣĻǸ֡
ֻϧ㿴˵ò
˵͵Ϯû˵㣬Ȼȴ˵Ǹ־Ůᡣ
Ů֮ʣų㣬Ŀ⾹ȻͻȻ峺һ̣ŮᾹȻָǡ
ŮŬҪ߳ʲôþҲֻ˵һޡ֡
ޡ
ʵŮʱ֮ʣͻȻָǣ߳һǳش
ϧ㲢Ů˵ġޡֵ˼ΪŮ˵ǡ⡱ֻߡࡱ
ΪŮͩ¡
ѵŮͩ
ͩȻʦ̫ҲҲˡ
Ҳأ֮ǰֶˡ
Ļĺ֣һǰж˳ɼһǳµĶ֡
ԽԽ޵֮⣬һҪˮʯ
֪µһٳ֡
µȷ֡
һˣһԳΪ顱ꡣ
ǳһŮˣһһǳŮˡ
ɳĮ֮ľ֮ӣһԭΪ˴̽ľϵϢ
ĸʧˡ
֪ĸʵѾˡ
߳㣬ĸľ뿪֮ǰȷյһţǷʹߡ
ϲǷȻдľϵˣ֪ϵݣӦܹȡһĽչ
ֻϧʼγ㣬ϰŸ㿴
֮󣬺˳㣬Ÿ˳֮뿪
Ϊԭһ֮ʣ㻹ûüǷţžѾˡ
ֻܼں鿴ǷţȻŵݸ߳
ԣ㻹üȥҺ顣
ҵ֮ǰؤħĿУ֪һǳҪϢ
ڶʮǰػΪҶ꣬Ȼ޸ؤǰΰδȡ
ѹڶʮ伣ԭǸռ޸ؤǰΰ
һҪҵأµ
ؤǰΰδѾţӦĳһطӡ
ؤΰϹ飬Ȼ֪ӵĵط
ϹǳĺѣֻҪϹͿˡ
ƺüһЩ
֮󣬳һμ˺飬ȷ֪дЩʲô
˳㣬дǣһ꣬ɣ߸ʤȴ㲶ӣ֮Уξɶ裬ʩԮ֣Ψ
Ǹء֡
֮ǰֲ²ܹȷˣдŵأϵҲǣѣҪ
ֻǣڵֺ֮ǰ˲ͬ
֮ǰ㲻֪Ѿգ޸ؤǰΰδȣŻʡ
ڣؼȻؤǰΰķˣңдķŵʱǰΰδӦû
δŲʵģ֮δһϹµİ
˵زӦʲôѣˣؤҲܹǡ
ôΪʲôҪд
ӣǵҵزС
㵽ؤҵϹ飬Ϲȥء
Ǹʱ򣬡ɮ޻Ҳڡ
ϹͳǺѣϹȻܾ׼Դȥء
ӵĵطϵһɽϣϹͳˣһŵ
·ϣϹ˵ԭǸ¶Сǰΰδȸ󣬽书
Ϲ鿴δһмʴȣͰˡ
Ϲʶ꣬ջͷһϹ˵Щ
ɽһ´ȴһסȥ·
ǸԳʮɣԷɣݣعȡ
Ϲһԭ˴ͷ
Ƕʮǰһټ֮С޵С֮ơ
ʮƣΪظδ֮裬ع鶫季δ֮գʿΪصҸδһƣ֣ΪȢ
ʮɻ˵δֻȫһˣκ˼
˾Ϊ˼أȻȥ
ˣ˽֡
գʮܶȥֻ±ץеļٷߡ
ԭʮݸİġ
ôȻͲʮˡ
ˣΪ˵Ľ֣㻹ܹƶϳǸٰʮɣҪֹأɱˣһʶҲʶˡ
ˣӦþǸĻĺ֡
˭ƺѾĳֲ²⡣



һǧ߰پʮ ɱ
ƺĳֲ²⣬ϹʳǸ˭
ȴЦ˵й¶
ڼء
ȼǣع㰸ǰıӰֻǱӰѾóƵóˡ
أڲǰǷǧԧӡľ̨дţ
سʶˣȴдš
ѵķ˼ðضд
㻹кܶʣƺԸ˵֮
󣬳ʾϰһҲûмţǳź
˵ʩźȷಡ齶꣬ͻȻܼһ˲࣬㻹ǿ߰ɡ
ص⻰ó۾ȴɫϹһ뿪
һصϺ󣬷ֿ
ڴϼˣ֪֮һء
أЩ飬Ϲһȥء
˵ǸٰʮɵĻ֣һҪֹȥأʵȴʲôмֵĻû˵ĻǶһ٣
ȴ˵˵һǳҪĻ
һ仰
˵һ仰ʩźȷಡ齶꣬ͻȻܼһ˲࣬㻹ǿ߰ɡ
һ仰İʾ
Ϊһ仰Ƿǳìܵġ
δϰȻѲಡ齶꣬ͻȻ
ǰеӣȻ֪Σ͸ʱȺڲԲǣܼһ˲ࣿ
رѩǲ˵ìܵĻġ
Ψһܹ͵ǣǹ˵ڰʾкܶ໰ҪԳ˵ܹϹ
غͳ㶼Ǳѩˣԣ˵ˣҲˡ
ôͱҪȥһ棬һˡ
һ֮󣬳ٴεؾסĵط
ֻһΣ鷳ؤİħƵһ±ߡ
ħ֮ǰǰΰδؤ˻ģ£Աδ֮
㲻ħȻɹˡ
ϧˣħעܳɹ׵ĸ
ٴμأ˵վûп㣬Ȼʮִ
ظ˳ܶ࣬࣬Ĳ²Ȼȷġ
Ϲ飬Ȼһֱαװ
ԭؤǰΰ֮ǰѾΪ˿ܰˡ
ˣһָϹ顣
֮ҪϹ飬ΪϹ͵͵ķʳ˶˹ֲսòϹĿơ
ϹǰȴʼαװһТ˳ģʼչδȵķʳ
ȵδȷϹն֮ĺһжѾ̫ˡ
δȡضˣϹ
Ϲ鿪޴󣬵ΪάԼǰֲҺƣصϣΪ۲ơ
ؽƾͼƣľϡӡǧ˷ֱдţ˵Լܿѣϣǰ
ϹæͳȥģֻΪ˵ΪǮƹ
ôϹΪʲôı⣿ҪЮǮƣҪ˵
ԴˣҲ֪ԭֻ֪ͳȥһϣһˡ
Ϲ̸һҹ֮Ѿȫı䡣
ز֪˭ԣϹΪǸˣոıġ
ȻǸߺĵڶ죬ϹһδȺȡ
ϸ֮󣬷ֲ޶ĵĸδȺˡ
ȻδȺ֮ȴֱȫǣж
޶δȺ֮Ϊʲôֱӱж
벻ף˵֮󣬳ȴ֪ԭ
һˮϹڲһˮ
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ôǸ˭𰸾Ѿǳˡ
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֣ࡢҡλүҲܸппһ֮󣬼˵صġ㴫桷
ڡѪƮ㡷ˣɮ޻Ӧûɣ
ЦѲ²⡣
ǵȷѲ²⡣Ҳֻǲ²ѡ
ͷ޻ȷթһ֡󣬻Ҫһķḻ
˵ͷһԵ˵ڴǳãһµڴֵȻ൱ĸߡ
֣Ҳȷ൱ڴҲڴ
ЦʵҲڴ



һǧ˰ ɳĮ
˵ԼҲڴ⻰ûдĺڴ
ֻڴĲǵڶµݣǣԵڶۡ
ʵϣÿһƷﶼǳڴ
ڴǰЩƷͬΪ䣬ҲڴЩƷۡ
㴫桷ϵйµĵڶ£ɳĮ
һ֮󣬡ɳĮͽʽڡЦ־ء
ڽһʱϣǶԡ㴫桷ۣʼ鲻
һǳˣϲ
۳ʱⲻ˰ѳ½СбȽϡ
Ƶĵطͬĵطȴࡣ
Ƕ˵ĸֱȽϣִ˲ˡ
⣬޻Ļ⣬ҲȻǣȤĻ֮һ
ڴձ鶼Ϊ޻ȷûҲţ޻һֻ߻һʲôĸı
УǲĻ֣
ĳˣֻһʲôĽɫ
޻Ϲ˵ѪɣǷĺйأ
ȵһϵе⣬۵ͬʱֶһ¼Ϊڴ
ʱòһ֮µһڡЦУڶϵй¡ɳĮʽʼء
˷ּ־ĵһʱ䣬ͷˡɳĮ
ڡѪƮ㡷ĽβΪ޻ƣֻصĴ䡢ءλ֪
ɳĮĿƪšѪƮ㡷Ľβ
صĴͺӻص˼ңϵķǳʪůůþͺһ
һƷڱ̲е⻬ļװ壬ڲõ£Ⱦӻ
·Ь̵࣬ļװ壬ĳţ̵ģ˶·ҪƮ

ƪǰһ£Ǹе˷ܡ
һ֤ѪƮ㡷Ĺ£Ļûȫ޻ҲӦĻû
ڻصԼĴϣҲǸеĺο
Ϲ顢޻˽ǵ飬ֽóķǳƣ
ǺֻۣϣܹúõЪһЪ
ֻǣϣʱ
̲סŻߺء䡢ٲѺóԵĶ˳ҾҪѴȥˡ
ȻûûлӦһϣһҲûС
ء䡢ˡ

λ֪ڴϣǶˡ
ʧɫұ˴ϵÿһ䣬ҲûҵŮ
ŮܲǶֻ˵⡣
ǳżȻϷһѻɳɳϻһŷĺ顣
Ա߻һֽдţϵ麣Ͻ
ɳֽ㳤һҲͬһ
ͨɳֽѿŮǱٳֵɳĮȥˡ
Ȼǡٳ֡ŮӦûʲôΣգǳֵεѣӦò˺Ů
ңѾܹ϶ӦŮ֮ӦøӲ˺Ůˡ
ʲôҪٳŮɳĮ
ھͲ֪ˡ
ǿԲ²һ
ٳŮ뿪֮󣬻ݵĺ飬Լܹ˵ٳֵصһѻɳдװ׵ֽ˵Ҫó֪ٳŮ
ңŮٳֵ˴ɳĮС
ôĿӦþǣóȥɳĮǣ֪һȥѰŮġ
ѰŮȻ൱ҲѰˡ
ƥ˳㣬ܹ˵һ㡣
ΪʲôҪóȥ
ԭӦֻһǾ˳㡣
ΪģΪӦþʵȻǽֻǲ²⡣
ȻΪ
Ϊʱĳ㻹֪ʵŮֻ룬СӺܶʱôŮƵģ
ŮİΣ㵹Ƿ˲٣Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪٳŮҲţ鲻˺Ů
ˣȻǳļ٣֪ŮӦòΣգȻʮֵġ
ˣûκεĵ飬ֱӾ˺µı̤ѰŮ֮·
ĿĵأȻǴɳĮ
ҹͣĸ·бԣûüʱ䣬͵˻ɳççĴɳĮС
ֻѰء䡢Ůģȴ֪ɳĮ֮УһӶص顣
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ڼɳĮֿѺһλֿѼ㡭
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һǧ˰ ʯ
ɳĮһһأһһԡ
㵽˴Į֮λֿѣͼ㡣
ˬʱ²³çĬԣ䵭ʵƻ
˵֪ҪȥĮѰŮ֮󣬲˴Įգ޷˵ҪһѰҡ
׼˳ʳˮ˴ĮսĮãƺͱһΪĶֶˡ
ΪһΪ˾һϢˣȴ˵ơ
ƻˮѸߡ
㡢׷˳ȥ׵ץס˶ˣȻѯʶ˭ָʹ
Ȼ˲û˵˭ָʹģ˵˻գΪָʹǵ˼ǿ
󣬶˷Ծ
ԣ˱һĶֶˡ
˭
ڻ֪Ӧù˶þͻ֪ˡ
ǵȷ֪ܿˣǸ˾ʯ
Ϲϵ顢书ȴߵŮˡ
ʯǶֲİӡʮ̡
һ¡ѪƮ㡷ǸԼݵˣʯ
ʯ书ߣбƯŮˣ˭ƯһɱǸŮˣֻ߽ݡ
һŮӣǵӡȻΪ̡
ֻû뵽ڡɳĮĹʯһγˡ
ңпܻǳһεĶ֣һ򵥵Ůˡ
֮ǰ²⣬ǸصĶֻ᲻ǡɮ޻
ڿ֮ǰ´ˣضֲ޻ʯ
ô޻ʲôʱŻ֣
޻ˣȻҲǳĶ֡
޻ʯˣǳĶ֣ô֮òʲôϵɣ
뵽
ֻҪ֪𰸵ĻֻǼ濴ˡ
Ȼ֪ǵĶʯʯȴûһֱڰ
ûˮ˵书ߣããĴɳĮҲֻܼ
ǵƺڼ˼֮ǾȻһޡ
Ǳ˹ȥ̵ĳ
⣬ص㡣
صǣﻹһŮԡ塣
ƺǲֺ飬ˣѺͼȴûп
Ů˳㣬ȴûΪϱ
Ůݲ򵥣һ
ȹù
ȹҲڣҲͬΪϱ
ǳ㣬ͼ֮󣬹ȹʶһ˵ı֮Ҳͬ˷Ϊϱ
ԣȹڿύЩ书ǿԭʿ
ʵϣڳ֮ǰѾкüλԭʿΪ˹ȹϱ
ȹΪʲôԼĹϣԼĹҪżٺˣ̵ܵĴĮ
УȹСȹΪһ֮УλǸ߸ϣΪʲôҪύ
Щ鶼ܷ֤⡣
ʵȻҲˣȹ鷳һܴܴ鷳
Ĺңҽϳ˹ȹ˵Լӳģٺˣӵ˴Į֮С
ȻύΪ˵õЩİŻĹҡ
һڹȹȨλıͷ粨㡢ˣܲҵľⳡ粨С
ɳĮѰң°ߵ䡢ءŮģȴ˭֪ȻˣȹȨλıͷ粨֮С
ȻѾУճƢԣȻһܵס
ȹһεңɹȹѳ𣬵ʵȴһĻ˲߻ġ
һɱ֮ŨıƴԼѪȶȨ¡
ǸصĻʹߣ˼书ߡ
һ㣬㿴óȹҲóŻȥύЩϣõİ
ֻǿϧȹύЩڹؼʱȴǷһ
ԭѾصĻʹҪɱ˹ȹù
ù书վǼֵĶ֡
ؼʱ̣־˹ȹù
־һЩеķ粨ԭһ־˽
˸ԭһ촫˵ǳĮУȥɱ˹ȹ
Ȼû˵ĻǸƭԭһ졣
Ͳһ⣬Ǹܹ֮ɹƭԭһ죬ΪԳԭһ֮ǳϤ
֪˲ʶѾΪ˺ѣ֪ԭһѾϴָУɱˡ
֪ЩˣֻϹ顢޻غͺˡ
Ϲ޻ѾˣȻܺ㡣
ôǸ˾ֻǺˡ
˿ʯһģҲ¼Ļ߻ߡ
ΪģȴΪ
ǿǸӦòǺ飬޻



һǧ˰ ԭһİ
ΪǸƭԭһˣǺ飬޻
ӣ޻ͳˣҺԺʯһġ
ֻǲ֪֮䣬ûʲôϵ
޻թ֮ΪʲôĮ֮УΪʲôʯһ
ѵı߻ָӹȹѳıģ޻ʯ
Ԥǣȵʱ֮ӦûɱµĹȹȻȡ֮
ΪǸ߸ϵĻλȨ
뵽Ҳȷֿܡ
ȥн⿪ʱ
һ͸¶˵λߵĹȹ󳼣ڹȹ֮󣬾˸ֳ
⻹һĺˣҲܸȹ
Ϊ˴̽ϢԼ֮߳ԼͼˣװİˣȻһȥȹ󳼡
ڳ㡢㡢һһƵϣȴҪһˣ¼룬ȴƱչֻֽͷĿҹά
ڵĳݳһӣݳһӣ˸һ󣬼ۣκ˶ὫǺӡ
Ȼڲ֮䣬ȴǺȻ֣ס˳㡢ˡ
㡢㡢һ˴󾪣书ȻߣȻȲϳ㣬Ӧòڼ㡢һ֮¡
ңոճ䲻⣬书߹ĳҲ˵
ΪʲôҪͻȻ֣ס㡢ˣ
ݳӵĳ˵ѺÿַֻĹԸϰӵС䣬Сô
ȻȴȻõĳ˧ҲСô
ԭѾϳ˳㡣
֮Ϊİ֮󣬳˷ǳϤˣܹϳ֮⣬˾Բϳǳ㡣
οӦòʶ㣬˵ڵĳѾݳһӣǲݵĳվӦҲϲŶԡ
Ϊʲôȴ׵ľϳˣѾݳӵĳ㣿
ѵʶ㣬һǳϤ
⸱ͷĿģҲݺģ
ҲݣӦܹ϶ǳϤҲпܡ
Ȼ׵ľϳ˳㡣
ֻǣ˭أ
ڻ²ݣǵһֲ²⣬ǲܿ϶
ֻмȥŻ֪𰸡
뵽
Լһ˼棬Ȼʯ
ʯʽˡ
ԭȻҲǺʯһġ
ңʯǳĹ
ȻƺҲʯ书ߣûʲô˸ʯǰΡ
һͱȽˡ
ʯȻ̸֮ɫ䣬˵ʱȴǿͿһԡ֮С
ȴΨ˵ʱӲɫҲ˳ܣʯȻмӡ
Щˡ
ֵĵط⣬ֻڻûŪе⡣
ʯѳ㡢㡢һˣԼסһݡ
ݱҲǼģڵȴǳªɲ
ǳźͱǵػݺ󣬾⸱ģ
ԣȻʯĵӣͬʯˣֻΪ̫Ư
Щʱ򣬹ƯˣĻ
ʯݺŮӣƺܲջԼİ顣
أҲͬջԼİ顣
ǳ㣬һ졣
Ǹɱԭһ죬㰮ˣһҲᰮһŮˣʵ˾÷ǳĲ˼顣
ȷʵ
మʵҲͦ򵥣һֻ˵ֶѡ
㲻
֣ص΢΢һ𣬽ȥķչƺЩ˳ˡ
ֱһ챻ˣһ֮Ȼ䲻벻
Щʱĺܼ򵥣ֻҪֶѡ
ȻǰǣֱǷĵϣݲһ˿һƭ
򣬰򵥡
һջԼİ飬ͳ㡢ĿǰĴȴܲá
ʯϵ⣬Ҫ취ӳȥ
ֻ׸
һϵеķ粨֮һü񡱵İ£㡢㡢һˣʯס
Ȼһ϶Ǵһ뿪
뿪ˣǸ޾ʹĵط
ӳȥ֮ǰѰǵģùˡ
Ҳһ챻ˣһۡ
ɱ˵һۡ
һɱ̫ˣʱЪϢˡ
һ첢ֺ
ңѾ˰飬˰ˣôܹɱˣ
ԣûһֻɱ˵ֱۣİš
һİˣܹһĹޡ
һĹޣǶġ
ԣԹ޻ڡ



һǧ˰ ҵ
ԭһջԼİ飬ȫеǳˣҲȫԼף
ȻԭһǸɱ֣ǶȴǳͣڿջԼİ飬ȻΪˡ
»ڼչʱѾ̫ĹºͲۣڵ֪Ǹʯգǵ껪ɽ߽֮һĻʸߣԼΪ塱ˣҲǵ껪ɽɵ̷֮ڽ⿪һõ⡣
⿪֮󣬳
ùʳ㣬ʯ
ش˵ʯ˭ʯ
ù˵ʲô÷˴ʯˣ
ش˵ʯûʯûʯʯҴҲǵãȴҴӺǣ
Ļù˵ʲôô
˵㱾Ͳ
ùЦ˵ͻȻʲôѵȻ𣿡
˵ǺȻ
ùǸ˭
ȴЦٻش
ЩùҲûи㶮
ողŴʯӳôͻȻͲ֪ʯ˭ˣ
˵ʲôʯûʯûʯʯƵģ˸㲻
˵ǺȻù֪Ǹ˭ȴ֪
ǸӦþǡɮ޻
Ȼ޻ѵʱѾ֪޻ûˣ
ֻǣ޻ʼûг֣Ҳֻǲ²⣬֮ǰǸƭԭһ޻
ôȻ֪޻ûˣ
һûи㶮ˡ
⣬һֿܣǳڻ֪޻ûֻͨ޻֪ʯݡ
Ҳ˵ʯ⻹һݣҺ޻йϵ
ҲΪˣŻ˵ʯ˭ʯûʯûʯʯ
֮ǰҲ޻᲻ʯʲôϵ
ԣۺڶֿƺҪһЩ
ôʯʲô޻ʲôϵ
ȻѾ֪ˣֻǻû˵
ҲżڹѾӽβܿͻὫеⶼҿġ
ֻҪһһģ¿Ϳˡ
֮һһˣڽ֪ЩǺǲѰҳġ
ʱ򣬳֪ˣŮ֮Ҳ֪ء䡢ŮǱ°ߣĸԸͺһ˴ĮŮѾΪ˺ѡ
ںŮͬĮԭ򣬳㲻̫ףһԵùȴ׵ĺܣ񣬺ЩԹ
֪Щ֮󣬺ȻͲǣֹȹѱĻˡ
ôֹȹѱĻˣֻʯˣڴҶѾһ㡣
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˵ģ⣬ùһ仰óȻȻʣƺѾһС
۾һʱĳ㣬֪ˣ޻û
ô֮ǰǴıѾ֪ʯݣԼʯ޻֮Ĺϵ
ʲôʱǷ֮ǰӵĺˡ
Ǻ֪ܿ˴𰸡
ּ˹йȹѳԼǱΪĺ
㻹úõĻţЩ;ȣ֪Ϊʲôܹʯѣ
֮󣬹ɹƷѳ¶ԼĻλ
͵͵ˣһֱעߣ
ԣڵһʱ׷˳ȥ
ṦµһȻܹ׷
ڳȥ׷֮ʯͻȻĿǹȹù㡢ùˡ
ҪɱЩˡ
˵һѵ£Ϊ书ʵ̫ˣȻԶں֮ϣǱ֮㣬ҲҪǿࡣ
Ҳǳʢɣɺ书ɵ书һĲֵ
ʵǿƺֵȷʸƾɲ书
ʯ׵סˣ㡢ùˣȴǲûɱǡ
ڵųƾ֮Ӧܹסʯ
ϧʼûл
ʯƺѾˣ˵˼Ȼ߶˵ǲٵȥˡ
Ϊһٻ
мһЦ˵ƾǵ㱾£Ҳס㣿
Ȼʯȴ˵ֻһ֮ܽأ˾ֻѽ˴ͷţﵽⶼоһ飬Ҳûһˣܱ˽书㡣
˵ûһˣܹȫ˽㣬ͳ˶ʮѣҲȫ˽⡣
ʯ˵֮Բȫ˽㣬ֻΪѣûбҪϸȥо㡣
˽ˣһѣӦĵˡ
ֻеˣŻỨʱ䣬ſ¿๦ȥо书㡣
⻰ȷƺе
ԣȻݣӦǷǳϤĵˡ
ôʲô
ƺѾܹ֮ˡ
ǡɮ޻



һǧ˰ ۿݹ
ǡɮ޻һӦܹ϶
ʵҲȷ֤һ㡣
û̫ʱ䣬׷һԴ֮Լ޻
õƤߣȻǸʵġɮ޻
޻һμˣжȻһп
ȻʱѾˮӦһ˿һûʣˡ
һν֣㲻ϵ޻ҲɵһμĲԡ
ԣһνӦ˽һνˡ
޻ȫ׼ѳо÷ǳ͸ҲоԵİգһһܹɱ㡣
ϧȻǳĶ֡
ʣǳӮˡ
ڳӲɱˣԣҲɱ޻Ҫ޻ԭܷɵƲá
ס޻֮󣬽޻һɽȻǰȥʯ
ڸո޻һսУ˵ʯݡ
ԭʯǵɽҵҲ޻Ϲ˵ĸס
еǴһֻȻ
ԭʯ޻ĸס
ô֮ǰǵ⣬Ҳ͵ͨˡ
޻ϹˣѪɵԭҲҵˡ
꣬ʯԼ֮ؤδȾȻȢΪޣؾȻøӴ˹Ҹֵ
ʯ޷̵ģ׼ȥɱδȡ
ȻȥδȵʱȴɷʮɣһҵδȣҹδϣϹиδȸ
Щ֮ʯͻȻı⣬׼ɱδˣ뵽һõİ취
ҪδȽϹ鸧֮ȻȥϹϣ˳ϹδȲĶˣɱˣҪϹɱδȡ
ǱɱδҪࣿ
ʯģҲģĳɹˡ
Ϲ֪һ֮ɱδȡ
ʯΪҪһˣϧȴʮ꣬ʵ˲
õɻڽ⿪ˣǳ˸̾Ǹ̾
ʯһµŮˡ
µŮˣվһ澵ǰԵžУԼպ塣
ź㡢ùȹ˶֮󣬾ͻصԼסȻԵĿžеԼѾˡ
ԭʯԼ
κˣɷͶӣֻԼ
ʯסʱʯȻڣԼ
Ψһ̾Ϣ
ˣʯЩ⣬Ķ޻Ȼûܹɱ㡣
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˵ܹһ֮ɱ㣬ΨпЦΪš
ʯ֮󣬸ȷһ㣬ԶԶʯĶ֡
ʯҪɱòһС
书ԶԶʯ㻹ӵױȵǻۡ
һУٹʯǷһƣͻȻ澵ӻȥ
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ˣеʯҲˡ
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ʯţ㾹ȻĻ
ǲԸʧܣʯڵȥ֮󣬾Ȼֱɱˡ
ԭ壬̼ͱһݹǡ
ûܹɱʯȴԼɱԼ
̼ɿݹǣ˺Ϳݹ֮ľ룬Ҳֻһ߶ѡ
ôʤʧ֮ľأж٣
Ȼеһ
뿪ʯסȻȥ޻ɽ꣬Ҫ޻ԭȥܷɵƲá
ǣ˭Ҳ޻ˡ
Ϊһ֦ѹᴩ޻ʺ
޻ɱˣǱǸصĻüɱġ
ΪԱһֽ˧Ըɱˣüһ͡
ҲȥصĻü˭ɮ޻һˡ
һ̾Ϣ޻վˡ
Ȼ޻ѾעΨһĹޡ
֮󣬳˺㡢ùȹˡ
㾪ϲѣһΪѾʯĶ֡
ʵϣ˵ȷѾʯȺ˶ƣǸصĻüǡ
ȹȥȹ棬ùѶԳ㷼İеϣǰȥ
Ȼˣùİ⣬Ҳͬˡ
գȹˣùҲˣͳˣһġ
ء䡢ŮɻûҵصĻüҲԡ
㴫桷ڶϵй£ɳĮʽᡣ
еȫ⿪ˣȻˣǳĺһ



һǧ˰ ȲҪ
ǳĺһ֪ȫĸоˬһźûпĸоôôͽˣ
ʯ޻ԭһ죬ء㡢ùЩӡ̣۷׷ס
УʯԼ书ּǿȻԶڳ֮ϡԼǻۣջʯ޻ԶߴĮͶĸԭһ֮İ顣ͺ֮ȵȷ棬Ǹп۲ֹĵط
⣬ǸصĻü񵽵ʲôݣΪʲôҪ㣿Ƿ׷ײ²ⲻѡ
ϡ
˸пһ֮İ飬˰Ŀʼĺܼ򵥣򵥵İĺܺãףҸ
֮İ㲻ȴ㹻ᶨ⡣һ첻ΪݵòٶҲΪһʧֱ۶ԶȥΪǰǶԷꡣԣʵҪȥҪᶨ⡣
ҲΪ鲻ҪȥΪ鱾ʮġ鱾ӶǷѾ˼ȥЩĩˣ
ϧڴİѾԽԽˣΪʱˣֻΪıˣʱӦõȷǻġ
Ըҵİ鶼ܹһ㡣
ʯԼ֪㲻㰮飿ĻӦİ˰ɣ
ʵܶ˶ٶһֻԼһֲ̬ˡ
ʯֻԼΪԼ̫ˣüΪƯּã书ߡʵ˵Լǿ⣬̫ˡ
ϧﲻŮ˱ƯһˡңΪûܹ⵱ȻҲʵϻûܹͬǲģڳԼǻۻ֮ŻѡɱҲܹôֻԼɱԼˡ
ʯһŮӣģȻ޻Ϲ˵ĸס
˵޻ҲǿԳΪһӵģκһֱһ·ϣձصĻüɱҲֻǾȡ
һ޻ˣ˵ʵڵģĺΪ޻еϧлΪһģκһֱԾĹ
ԾĹͲ޻ˣҲûа취顣
㲻ǷǺӴŮӣƺҪ֣֮ǰĺǣڵùҲǡֻϧ㲻߲ܣܶŮעֻ˼ˡ
Ṧµһ书֮⣬ױȵǻۣʼվһЩŮ˵ʵ̫ˣôŮΪģҲǺġ
ܾù룬˷ǳ⡣˵ӦþܾŶԣù룬ֲһҪùôͬΣŷεı
˭֪أܾˣù
µĲ书ǻۣ书޷书ǿ˴ܣǻۿԡҲΪǻۣܹʯ
ȷʯƣʵ൱ľİ
㡢֮飬Ҳģ顣

۷׷ףһǣҲ׷Լ΢ϣԼĵ
дݹۡɳĮȫƪ߹ӹֲͬʵ¼Ľһ𣬿νٳ߳˷˼岼ֲξȻβӦٲȻһǳ֮
貨дڰĵˡΣԳһˣǿѹв˵Ķ־Ϊ߰ҲΪᶨڱȹùĹУǷָ֣ͬһĸԴ۶˹ʵҲҪصͬһˡǣɳĮһ˷ϲɣ̼תΪˣ֮ĶԹƷĹ˼Ͳ֣νΪ
ҶдԼǻۻʯİоʯԾĳ͸̾һֺţжı㺣ۿݹǲһ֮䡣ȻˣôĶԹǲӦһ£
дһе֮󣬹½ӽβ⸴ĹȹԹֵùһʱԴл֮е¡ǣùҲͬᣬһ粻ˡ˵ԼһܾġһȴܾˣΪʲôΪĿʯʱ̱Ϊ׹ǵľ֮ѾгԽˣŮʱԾԾԵ궯Ըɡ
дɳĮԭΪѰλ֪ȻڡɳĮʱλ֪ûҵֽһСˣһü񡯣Щɸ˶һȲ

֮⣬кܶңԼ΢ϣص͵
ΪҵǣȻҲȲģҪԼĸ͹۵㣬Ƿ
ִܹܵƷȻǼٵģĸƷռеľ



һǧ˰ 㴫桷
Ƿ׷Լ΢ϣ˹ڡɳĮ͵
ʮϲȥǵ͵ǷǳϲԼϲƷǾ̾ĸо
ͬʱǵҲܹǸõƷܹΪǽ
磬͵Ϊǽ⿪һɻ
ùԼΪʲôѡܾ
˵ӦȻܣȻùͬ
ڲ࣬Էεı
Щɻ
͵֮ˡ
ԭΪĿˣʯʱ̼Ϊ׹ǵľ֮ѾгԽˣŮʱԾԾԵ궯Ը
Ҳ˵Ѿˣݹ֮䣬ֻһߵľѡŮ֮Ѿ֮ǰԾԾԡ
Ȼδؾԭ򣬵ʯ̼ձݹǣһԳӰ졣
Ӱ˶ãȹʱ֮󣬳ˣȻһλָεıԣ˵ԼӲܾ
ڵʱ϶ӰģŻܾù
ڹʱ֮󣬳᲻ʱܾù
ǾͲö֪ˡ
һɻ⿪ˡ
⿪ɻֵ֮۵⣬Ȼøࡣ
磬ʱ֮󣬳ǲĻڣʱܾù
ȻֵǣúõһǶ⣬ȻҲΪȤ
˵һᣬҲ˵Ӧòᣬ˭Ҳ֪Ĵ𰸣ȴִ˲ˡ

־硣
һпʯС˵ûгֹʯĽɫӹһʯɫС˵һ޶Ĵڡ
ǹӹΪʲôΪС˵캽ߵԭԼС˵жһ޶Ĵڣûܹȡ
һȷС˵磬ҲΨǲġߣҡҶˣǿġ
ЦЦ˵СƣʵѾǳˣҪԼĿ꣬Ϊӹ֮µһˡ
һͷ࣬һֱûǣһġ
ͷ˵㴫桷Ѿˣ֪һм£
һ½Сﴫ桷ǰ˸£㴫桷пҲǰ˸¡
ܡ˸¿Ʋ٣һ۾ȫؽˣ֮ǰġ½Сﴫ桷һӹƷǿһһˡ
һȷ˷ǳźڻܿ
ͷ֮Ҫϧˡ

ɳĮˣ㴫桷ûᣬǣڼеһ¡
һ֮󣬵¡üʽʼء

ʱǵڴУǹúܿ죬üʱǲͻȻ֪䣬Ҳˡ
滹еĸ£¡
㻹Ǹʮϲĳ㣬ϳֵµҲͬӡ̡
ÿһУֶƯŮѲ˸ϵ
ڡһ桷УŽݡ
´桷УΪѰŮ񽣹
ҹУصȻһŮˡ
ÿﶼŮ˺ͳݣԾţüУʯ̼۱ݹǣɵӰ죬綼Ѿ׵ȥˡ
㣬ȻǸΣǻΪ˶Ķĳ㡣

ʱڹ㴫桷Ĺ£һһء
ǳһһ¼֮Уֱڰ˸¡ҹʱǲͻȻȫѹ
Ϊҹᣬ㴫桷ϵйµᡣ
Ӱ黨ʧ˧̤㣬ǸΡǶı۲΢侲šĳĹ£ˡ
Ӵ֮󣬽ϽУڳµĹµĵеĹ£ѾΪ˴˵
ǴӳȻһּ䲻Ժ
Ĺ£Ȼôˡ
ʱ˿̣һ¡ѪƮ㡷ʼдӰ黨ǷţǶǵ
žаˣֵɣ̬ʤ֮ҹ̤ȡŴزͽҲ
ǵһܵ˧Ҳǵһ֪ˣһеĴԪ˧㡣
ĳˡ
ȴ룬ôʱ֮ǾҪ˵ټˡ
ʵʱ䲢죬Ѿȥһβ̵ʱ䡣
ֻǶڳĹ¹ڳԣоʱȻ͹úܿˡ



һǧ˰һʮ һƷЩ
Ǹоʱ̫죬ŸպͳˣھҪ˵ټˡ
Ȼϸһ룬ǲŷ֣ʵѾһβ̵ʱ䣬ӡѪƮ㡷ʼҹ˸ϵй£Ѿһֺĳƪˡ
ֻΪʱǳڳһֲŸոˣҪ˵Ĵ
ϣǸпǧʮֵĲᡣ
û뵽ôҪͳ˵ټˣڶļǵãڹʼдӰ黨Ƿʱľޣ־ޣӿʼһֱڳڣȴ޷ȥˣΪѾˡܸо̫ˡ
ûÿƷǸоûпͽˣҲûа취顣Ǽٲᣬˡ
Ҽǵʼ֮ǰǿӹڡ㴫桷ĽܣǸʱ룬ΪһΡ侲ŵģû뵽ôˣ᲻á
㴫桷˾ˣڵǵǣӹòʹ˷С˵˰ɣΪһ¡ҹ£һֹӹڵĸо
ȷһڵĸоӦǡ㴫桷ĵɣǹӹС˵ĵ𡣡
ûҪ̫ˣ㴫桷ǹӹһƷĻӹӦûǰ˵ģҲһ׼
µľǹӹ󲻻ǰ˵Ȼֱʹ˷С˵ˡҪ֪ӹϲ⣬¹ӹһٸһ⡣
Ӧòܰɣǿϣ⼸첻ҪӹС˵Ϣ
ˣŹӹдһС˵֮ǰһǰ˵ġ
ǣҪ̫ˣŹӹٶдһС˵
ţԸ⼸ʱģǹڹӹƷϢǷС˵Ϣ

ЩǣӹͻȻʹ˷С˵Ȼ˵㴫桷ǹӹһС˵ĻӹӦûǰ˵ġ
ӹ֮ǰϲҡϲ治һǰ˵
ĻǾʵ̫ˡ
ﲻЩʵǲԸӹС˵Ϣ

һҲۡ
ܶڶЩǣӹʹ˷С˵˵п𣿡
Ӧòܰɣȫκεļ󡣲ǵӹ·ҲȫܣҲǵǡԭ򡣡
ʹ˷С˵ĿԵȷ󣬲Ҳȵ̫ˡҹƹӹдһС˵֮󣬾ͻķС˵ˡ
ţ֮ǰ۹⣬ܹ϶
⼸عעһ¹ӹ΢Ӧû͸¶ϢģԸǾʹ˷С˵Ϣ
ϣӦûͦģҲعڵǡ


ʱѧί칫ҡ
ӹľʹ˷С˵ɣ
貨˵ǵǣôҲŵģӹʹ˷С˵ġ
Ŷ۾һ˵裬ô˿϶ѵ㷢ʲôݣ
貨ǵûУֻҵĸоѣܹоóӹƳµС˵
оһЦ˵Ըһεĸоȷġ
貨һЦ˵İɣһεĸоˡ
ͷ˵ڹӹһƷ֮󣬾ĿܷС˵ˣͬź
貨ûа취ˣźҲֻܽܡ
̾ǰֻܽܡ

ʥ塣
˵ƺкܶ˶ڵģʹ˷С˵СӲ˵䣬һǵģǳһŶ𣿡
Цżǵ죬ûʲôõģ˵ֻкôûл𣿡
ͷ⵹ҲǡôһƷʲôʱʽʼأ
Ҳżһڰɡ
Ŷû׼ã
ǣѾȫ׼ˡ
Щɻ˵ȻѾȫ׼ˣΪʲôҪһڣ֮ǰ㲻Ƕûжһ𣿡
ΪⲿƷĹ£ôŸоǳˣǶһƳɡ
ˣǱ𣿡
Ҫ˵磬ӦҲɣֲձΪֱ磬Щˡ
˵Ҳ̫⡣ȻѾһڣȻжһڵĵǾͶһٿʼء
ͷһƷЩˣҲЩˡ



һǧ˰һʮһ 齣齣
ҪƳһƷЩˣҲĲ
ȴƫƫһ۶ˣɾͷǳߣҲǳƷ
ʱоЩʹ࣬Щ־Բ;νʹš
Ȼ֣վҲʹ࣬һڣȻٽƳ
ڣΨһҪľǵȴȴʱĹȥ
Ȼȴ˵ʹ࣬ǳңڡ
ֻ˵ȴЩʹˡ
ҵͺڹӹС˵飬һֱţӹܹƷϢ
ӹٳûйôԽԽ
չӹ֮ǰƳƷʽ֮ļʱͻṫϢ
һΣ㴫桷ѾһڵʱˣӹȴȻûйϢ
ѵûһƷˣ
ԽԽ
ҲеǶԽԽЩԷԽԽ
ΪӹȻûйϢҲû˵ҪС˵ǡ
ӹĴʹ˷С˵ĻӦòôã繫
ԣʲôϢûУ˵ӦǺϢ
ԽԽԽԽˣǵˣʱʱ̿ڹעӹ΢

ʥ塣
ķӦʱӦòˡ
֮ԳٳûйϢǹҪȴ졣
⼸ʱԴʼոעӹ᲻ʹ˷С˵Ļ⣬ҲһֱϣעĻ⡣
㲻С˵ԵѣԴҲͬǳע
Ҫ֪ӹС˵һ£ӰľֻС˵磬Ļֽ硣
ܶ˲С˵ԣҲӹС˵ǶԹӹȴȻʮֹע
ӹǱ֮Ϊ츳֮µӰȻԶԶС˵硣
УӹֻС˵һˣһλӰ޴ۺ
˶ڹעӹǷʹ˷С˵Ļ⣬ȻȻΪ⼸ʱעĻ⡣
⣬ҪЧ
ڣʱˣҲЩǣһֱȥǡ
ԣùӹ΢һϢ
顶齣齣һڵġЦ־ϣʽʼءʱӭĶ
΢ݺܼ򵥣һΪ򵥵Ѿ㹻ˣҲԸϸĽܡ
Ϊܵϸˣе㰧ˣȻǻʲôܣֻһѾ㹻ˡ
齣齣ǴҿܸϤ֡СɵͬǰʦĴҲпǹʦɾߵƷ
һѧеƷһд˼̬ʷһʵ̽ľ
һƷЩ˰ˣ϶ҲҪġ
ƷѰһλ˫ȫĴڽִ¡
Ϊɻ䣬ֱ֮̽ΪС̽
һңӾóīڿƾиΪ̽ڼԡ̽Ѱĸף̽ѰֳС̽Ѱ
Ҹֺۡ꣬լƣϻġһ߽ʿ̽
νĺŴҡ
;־Ѱڳ͢Ϊ١ڱƼ൯ѰԸֵڴǹٶȥ
ѰͶΪһָԷɵ
Сɵ鷢ס
ʫ˴మ»ԼԭΪޡ
ѰΪ֪Хưʫ뱨֣ԿɫԶʫմٳХʫĻ
Хʫ֮󣬰ԼֺĸۡҲ͸ʫױ֮
ʮ֮ѰΪ̫˼ʫҪټʫһ棬طԭСµһ콣֮ƵİɣԼСˣٴ𽭺Ѫȷ硣
ǣ÷һһȱΪ÷תۣȻˮʯȴ־ɶХơϹٽ˵Ľ֮С
һϵеĸֳͻ֮ѰջϹٽ磬С飬ٴ
ǡ齣顷ҪݣֻҪݣѾ˸һֵˡ
֮ǰ롶齣齣ʱ򣬲֪̾Ϣ˶ٴΣ̲ס룬ѰʫøХƵĻжã
ϧҲֻһˡ
ԴʫХƽ֮Ѱûһ̲˼жȹʵ˶̾Ϣ
齣齣ǡСɵϵƷĵһ֮ġ߳ӡҲ֮ΪƵһӥɡġ¡ɵּɵƷУѰȻʽǳʼձἰ
ѰֹᴩˣСɵϵƷΪںƷѰδʽǳ
ԣСɵЩʱҲָ齣齣
ڣˡ



һǧ˰һʮ С˵
齣齣ⲿƷ˹ʦԭ֮⣬ӡ̵ģǰ99꽹ĵӾ硶Сɵ
桶Сɵɽ⾩Ǿɺ衢־ݣ䣬ҲӰĵӾ桶Сɵ
ǽݵѰǾеľ䡣
ѰӢѲزľֹڲ䣬ǻ¶һ󣬱üΪɹ
Ӱ֮󣬶ںܶ˵ᵽѰԺֵ︡ľǽ󣬶ʶ뵽Ѱ
ѰûܹԽˡ
ĥţԺӾġСɵ֮ʱǲӦȥһƽԱݣ

ڼĥΪոյ΢ը˹
ոյ΢ݺܼ򵥣ֻ˵ֽ齣齣һڵġЦ־ϿʼأʲôϢûС
˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ڵȵˣϣϢ
ЩԽԽԣڲЩԽԽԣһЦҾ˵϶ʹ˷С˵ġ
ϣǻȸԾ棬һϲ¡
ڡܹˣ⼸ʱһֱĵģǷˡ
һοӹ飬С˵˵һ¡
ȻⲻֻԵˣҲС˵ˡ
ʵ̫˷ˣ̲סҪ߸һ

һʮ˷ܣ˷ܵһûע⵽ʲô
ǵֻӹ˵ƳµƷ
˺һ֮󣬴Ҳȥʲô֣
齣齣Ͷ飬еĽȴ飬һ˿뵽Ȼһ۷׷ס

Ǻ˷ܣ۲ֹһҲͬ˷ܣҲͬ۲ֹ
˵ĲⲻֻԵˣҲЩߵˣС˵ˡ
ȷС˵ˣһ̣ˣڳ׵˷ܺͼ
ںˣŵڿԷˣлӹһΪǴƷ

ʱѧί칫ҡ
Ц裬һεĸоȻǶԵģһӮˡ
貨ʲôһӮˣ˵֮ǰûӮƵġ
ðɣ裬˵ˣ֮ǰȷҲӮֻӮĴʵ̫ˣ챻ҺԲˡ
貨ãô˵úƽϡ
ǹһЦ˵裬顣
貨ֻ֪һܹۣ
Ȼܹˣ㿴齣齣ǷģеĽȴģ㹻Ǻúһˡ
貨ͷ⵹Ҳǣ齣齣ȷ뵽ܶࡣ

־硣
һϲ࣬Ȼûоʹ˷С˵ʵ̫ˡ
ЦСƣⲻ֮еΪ㿴ȥôϲ
һ񲻺˼ЦЦ˵࣬˵֪ʹ˷С˵ĿԺܴ󣬵վȫȷҶٻһЩǵġ
ͷֵʵҲһڿԤ棬ҲһǴҸ˳Ϊ־翼ǣҶϣС˵ʽС˵ĻС˵˵żӰ죬Щ־ҲӰ죬ϣһܹЩ
һÿһƷС˵Ӱ󣬶ңÿһƷܹҷǳϣܹٶ࿴Ʒ
ٻٿһ齣齣֪һʲôӵƷ
һ˻ζһʲôӵƷһһƷ
ЦЦ˵Ȼ

С˵磬Ϊӹ΢궯ѣʱ˿̹עŹӹˣֻС˵ˣ绹ˣʱҲ۲ֹ
ЩС˵ԣȴעŹӹǡ
ȻҲС˵ҲܹоõӹƳµƷһʮ˷ܵ顣
ҲС˵ڿӹƳµƷҲеʮֵ˷ܣƺе֣ĸе˷ܡ
ҲǣȻӹƷȴϣӹС˵룬˷ܵǹӹƳµС˵鱾Ϊ뿴ӹС˵
ӹûоʹ˷С˵һ˷ܵ顣
ȷһϢ




һǧ˰һʮ Ѱ˼
ӹ齣齣һڵġЦ־ʽʼء
ʱ仹һڡ
ڽһʱڡ齣齣ۣΪɡ
ȻĿǰΪֹǽֻ֪һһȻܹǳĶ
ִۣ˲ˡ
£ʱþͺܿˡ
һ֮󣬡齣齣ʽʼء
˷ܲѣõһڵġЦ־֮Ȳķˣء齣齣ҳ档
絶ԴΪ壬Ϊ⡣
ѩ¯Ϊ
ѩסδһԱĳ˵ϵıѩȴ벻ؼļį
ѰһǷƤϾֱȻů;ʵ̫̫į
Ѿƣ룬һúƽľǼįȴƫƫʱįΪ顣
ͳìܣκ˶޿κΡ
Ѱ̾Խ˸ƿĺžʱҲؿͣĿʹ԰׵ϣһֲ̬̺죬ͷ·еĻ棬ڷꡣ
ƿˣСʼһ񣬵污ָ޳
ǸŮ˵ַ£ôͶǻġ
˵Ҳֻ꣬꣬ĵԵߡ
Ѳᡣ
۽ǲƣÿһƶˣеǻͲңֻ۾ȴġ

ǵ飬Ƿǳ˷ܺͼģȻſţȴͻȻܵһЩѹֵա
ѹֵգԭ˷ܡ飬ıò˷ܣҲڼ
絶ѩһԱĳ˵ϵıѩȴ벻ؼļį
ؼ䶼ǼįģѩһȻҲǼįġ
ˣȻ͸Ӽįˡ
һƪȱܵһļįįأįįˡ
ѰⲿƷ
ȫ˼⡣
ǣʣһįǡ
ƽľǼįȴƫƫʱįΪ飬ѵΣ
ȫһ⡣
ˣǵġ
ѰܼįѾį˺ܳһʱ䡣
Ϊʲô˵ļį
ǲ֪𰸣ֻ֪һįһκܳʱ䣬ôϣһŲΪ֪Ĺ¡
εĹ¡
˼įѰҲƺܲá
ƺϲȾƣį˶ϲȾƣžƾƺܹõĶɹҹ
ǺģѰȾƣƺȵ̫ˡ
ĺžʱҲĿͣĿʹ԰׵ϣһֲ̬̺죬ͷ·еĻ棬ڷꡣ
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ѸոǸӵĻظһ顣
صͷ˵ԭˡҼǵȷһУħУħСȫΧڣҲھǵԶ֮¡ħнҪһɡ
ͷ˵Ӧþˡ
ֵǸܹ֮ͿܾǸŮҪǸʲôˣ
ӱеҪöࡣ
صȥ
ЦЦֻ֪Ǻ棬ʵҲЩ棬ոǸʾ򣬵˼۸֮˵֮󣬿ܾ;ʲôˣֻ˵Ǹļ۸񣬱ΪҪöࡣ
Ƭ֮ػˣЦ300򣬻ǺܹѹǸеĻ˵
300򣿡ЩһҪ300ݳƷݳ˰ɡ
Ҳ֪ǲˣȥİ



һǧ˰ٶʮ 볡ȯһ
Ħ㳡
Ƭ֮˵Ҳȥֳô
㲻Ҫ𣿡
ЦҲżȥɱȤˡ
룬˵ðɣȥᡣ֮ǰǵȰѹϢ
ᣬҲЩ棬ǰǽûȥֳҲȥһ
ػϲһֵϢףȥҺżǵʲôλãﲻԶھȥɡ
ͷãھ͹ȥ

ĦУħУȫΧڣҲھԶ֮¡
ĦкپᣬһУһһιģᣬƷڶ࣬һģȫصǲμӣǹսǾġ
죬ֽһᣬʮ׼ʱʼ
ŵ룬μļαǣ½ʸ뵽ֳˣһǷǸ
ҶǷǸ󣬵ҲͬΪŵȡ
㸻϶˱Ҳͬ϶˱
Щˣһ˵ǲԸЩǸһģήǵݡ
ԣ᳡ѼαΪˣͨ͹ַΪһ
һߡ
ʲôʲôİ֪ǰμԼҲ֪
ԣᰲŵİǰμˣһ㶼ʲô塣
αǲϽѾһСˣİȴǼûˡ
һΪʸˣԶԱͺ١
Ҳǰܹѹסʼʱ䵽ѾǷǳˡ

볡
ضˣѾڽ飬ˡ
ڣ΢һͷۣĻ᳡Ҫ볡ȯûС
ڿŭҪβܹȥ
ʱֿ֮ǰһһŮڴ
˱Ҫμģ֡
ҲأǾͷǳĲˣﶼ룬СӵʲôѵҲȥμ᣿
һֻּᣬɲʲô˶ܹȥģȥĸǷǸ󣿿ңҪ볡ȯܽȥû볡ȯǾԽȥġСǲ볡ȯģܵô
һ߽һţ˳볡Щֵıߡ
˵ı飬֪룬۾һ볡ȯˡ
߽ЦǺǵ˵ⲻǸոλλҲμ᣿ոǸ𣿡
ɫһڣصĺһûлشһ⣬˵ǵȻμģȴ֪ʲô
ȻЦǺǵ˵Ҳμİ
Ŷ𣿡Цû볡ȯǽȥġ
볡ȯͣһ£ȻԭտҲϣͻȻˣħһţȥбƸģ볡ȯĶ
Ŷ˵˵𣿲˼С
ӺԱߵŮˣó볡ȯɫ΢΢һ䣬֪ܹõ볡ȯˣһǷǸ
ѵԼˣǰСҲͨˣ
ȻȷҲټЦˣһҪĿˣ˵ʹˡ
ҲܾϢģҲҪһ̨²ǡ
ǣŮһ˵볡ȯҲУװģǵ볡ȯ
⻰⣬ҲҸ̨£һ̨ףǵͷ˵ãҲȷýȥˡ
һ˵һߴԼ׼볡ȯó
ֻǣӵɫͻȻһ䣬볡ȯȻˡ
ôأػ˺ü飬ԽԽǽûС
ԱߵŮҲʵôˣ
С볡ȯˣⲻӦð
ӵ볡ȯΪʲôˣ
ֳֻ֪ԭ򣬽صĿռ֮Ҫ볡ȯŪʵһǳ򵥵顣
סЦ⣬ʮֹе˵ôˣ볡ȯ𣿲Ҫģ볡ȯֻǲ˶ѡ
ӵͷȻҵȻ볡ȯ
ֵǾͲˣңҪżǾȽȥˡ
֮һֱֲ˵ѾͷˣȽȥĪҪλ볡ȯ
Цѽ
֮ƾ볡ȯǸŮ˸ӵĿע£᳡
ǸҲûټ볡ȯˣóֻһ绰
볡ͨڡ
ص볡ȯǲǾ˵ģ
Ȼ֪ν볡ȯùģ֪볡ȯӦþ˵ġ
ЦȻǵˣֻǽһá
۾һ֪˵ǲǽǿ
ҲһǸеĸողڴ绰㹻ı£ܹġ
ǾҪıˡ



һǧ˰ٶʮ Ժ
볡ͨڡ
ؼ볡ȯǴģǹģ
Ǵ滹λţƺҪԺ
Ժ뵽ʲô˵ǶԺĻܹͷǵ볡ȯ𣿡
Цûϵ볡ȯϣģ˭Ҳ˵ǵ볡ȯǡ˵˭Ҫ볡ȯأ
һЦ˵˵úеӡ
һЦ˵Ȼ
˵ţѾ볡ͨǰһټĴܹ2000ˣǰϯ̨ȥǳбƸ
ڴܵĶ¥¥ϣһһĹȥͬбƸ
Ѿ˲ٵˣܶ໥֮ƺʶڵ̸Цš
̸۵ݣҲεйء
˵һΰᣬĦȡӶ𣬽ȫڴƹ
ţȷڶ٣һЩѵĶͯǣ޷⣬ĦһνЩѶͯǣԮ
Ǻ£ֻҪܹ䵽ʵĴԮǾֵ֧ġ
ţһĦִвǿ϶ܹ䵽ʵġ
ȻϣԸʽû¶ҲԾһ㣬ౡ֮
ĦȻпǣ˵ȷԸʽҲҪౡ֮
ţȷܹ䵽ʵԮҲǾֵ֧ġ

ضۣ˵ͷ
аĵʵֻܶ࣬ǴǻǳģԼԮܹܲЩҪУ
;᲻ΪĳЩˣĳЩ䣿
ǻĵģںܶʱ򣬴ҶԸˡ
ȷһǳź顣
ó볡ȯ˿λţ16һźͶš
ҵλãһţڹλãλòôãض˲⡣
ǿĸλʵһЩ
Щڹˣ˹֮⣬ʵǰǵһݵ
⵱ȻҲ޿ɺǣ˼ʸȥǾ˼ҵı¡
ʮԽԽҲˡ
˵˵ܽ𣿡
ܡ
ףɻһôô϶ˣ
һЦ˵ΪѾˡ
ˣһʣһŤͷȥ
ͨڡ

ͨڣոյӺŮ˹ȻѾˡ
ŮЩԹ˵治֪ô㵽볡ȯҲᶪüʱˡ
ЦҲ֪ôͶˣһҪԺ볡ȯҲû̫ĹϵֱȥǵλͺˡҼǵǶ16ŵһźͶš
ŮӵͷǿЩȥɡ
ߵҵ16ţȻȻ֣һźͶŵλϣȻˡ
ǱˣȻ֮ǰѾǸСӣԼǸļãΪֺñ棬ݵŮӡ
ʲô
ӺŮһʱ֮䣬ЩûзӦ
ЦǺǵȿ˵û뵽ּˣλ볡ȯѾҵˣϲϲ
ЦĿһۣȻԳԵЦš
ЩӦ˹ʵλǵλãô
Ŷ𣿡˵ǵλǵ볡ȯҿأ
ӳ볡ȯûҵλǵλãҲܻǴ
û볡ȯҲܹе㱾ѽ
һͻȻʲôƵģ˵ˣҵ볡ȯǵˣǱ͵ˣҲҰ볡ȯó
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ֱӸɴĻشһ㶣ѵ߾ҪĳĻӲ˻ȥ
֯һ֮˵ңҿɣûϵ˻óġ
˵꣬ŤͷԱߵŮ˿첽뿪ˡ
˵򣬿ȥĸȥˡ
ЦЦ˵ãøǼ¡
һСӺŮֻˣһĻֳĸˣԼֵĳӡ
νӣֳµĻñֶνˡ
ָ߽֮Ը˵ǵ볡ȯ
ʮҵͣʼհһ˵ʾǵ볡ȯ
ͷ볡ȯݸ˸ˡ
һԵ۷Ź⣬˵16һţȻǵ볡ȯû˵ɡ
üͷһ壬ֿ˵ô£һ¡
һЦָǰλ˵ǰλѳʾǵ볡ȯĻǲҲ˵15һţǹȻǵ볡ȯǵ볡ȯ
⡭һ㶣һ룬ȷе



һǧ˰ٶʮ һƷ

һ㶣˵ĻȷЩ
ȻҶǶԺֻҪÿλãܹ֪볡ȯϵλš
ƾһ˵볡ȯԭģͿڴһˣ˵ϵ볡ȯˡ
˵ͷ˵֮⣬㻹ʲô֤ݣܹ֤볡ȯԭǵ𣿡
⡭ӷԼû֤ݣ֪볡ȯʲôʱεģʲô֤ݣ
Щ˵֤ݵûУ볡ȯǵģҲǵһμˣӦҲŶԡ
˽볡ȯΪĵݻ˵ǳǸˡ
ת˵Ȼû֤ݣܹ֤볡ȯǵģҲֻ˵ǸˡģлΪλ°λλ
⡭⡭Ȼɸģʱûбʲô취ֻܲʵĿһۣȻŮ˸Ÿһ뿪
ߺʵ˵ǸĲǸе˵𣿡
˵ţ볡ȯǸеġ
ЩˣʵȻţʲôǰ볡ȯǸеģңʼնûб¶ǵ˼
ЦЦ˵Ϊһˡ
ˣ˼

¸ǸӺŮλÿζʵԤһЩλΪ˴һЩͻ
ӺŮȻģ¸ǰλҲû˵ʲôˡ
˵İ칫
Աһģ˵Ϊλ˵Ӧģ볡ȯӦǵġλӦǵ볡ȯ
˵Ӧãǵȷ볡ȯȷλġ
ɻȻˣΪʲôҪ
ЦЦ˵ǰ˼Ӧô
˵Ȼλ黹볡ȯˣܹٳʾ볡ȯĻӦðȥҿĺܣᣬӦûʸ
ҡͷҲȥλõ볡ȯģ˵õ볡ȯ֮¡ֻһͨˣΪеһö֮ڶӦλǵʱֻܹ˵ĵ۾˵Ϲ𣿡
⡭˼˵ͷ˵Ϊͨˣ
˵Բͨˣھʲôݣǲö֪һ򵥡
ͷˡ

ʱ䵽10㣬ἴʼ
ѾϯǸˣʵҪԶԶеҪöࡣ
¥ˣҲϲŵ㵽ˡ
ἴʼغܺ춼Щʲô
ҲЩڴڵϡС˵￴٣ʵֳ⻹ͷһΡ
֪᲻ϡС˵Ϊĳһ˭ҲòѼ۸̧÷ǳߵĳ棿
ʦ̨ʮͣһ˫۾ʱʱһ˿⡣
ԣһλǳḻʦ
𾴵ĸλѡ
׶ʦ˵ǷǳҪģֻʦУǱʾӭá
һʦڿ׵ʱ򣬾ͿʼֳգѴҵθڳ׼ԽֵƷ޾ڴƺ첻ĵһȥͶԲһƵġ
̨ϵʦȻһλǳʦ
ֳ£ѾԵЩˡ
ʦ˴˴壬֮ǰ˵һΰƵᡣ
ڽȡõӶ𣬽ȫԮѶͯǵʩ
⣬ʱ򣬻ᷢԸ̣ϣڳļαǣܹһԾౡ֮
˾٣Щ˰üͷȴȻͷȷܹ䵽ʵԮܶ˻Ը⾡һౡ֮ġ
ʽһƷһϰԭʯ
30ңȺ͸߶Ⱦ10ңһпһʯƤһ촰¶̡
ڲ߰붮˵һ鼫Ʒԭʯļ50
51򣡡
52򣡡
55򣡡

֪Ϊ֮ǰʦѴҵúܵλΪϰԭʯջСںܿ˳ˡ
Ȼÿһμӵļ۸񶼲ߣȴһֱӡ
ʦֳ⣬źۼĲϹĴǿԭʯջֳ˲ϼӼۡ
ʱ۸Ѿͻ100



һǧ˰ٶʮ жȫȷ
100Ѿһ͵ļ۸ˡ
ǿԭʯֻͽ100ɾֱӴˮƯˣһ鼫Ʒԭʯ100򽫻ỻȡʮ롣
ⱾһζĲΪҵҲΪһҹҲ
Сʵ˵ԭʯֵ100𣿡
ֵֵ100
ֳûܹ϶Ļش⣬֮⡣
˵ֵֻ100ճɽļ۸񲻸1000򣬶ܹ׬Ǯ
Ϊʲô˿϶
û취ԵռС䣬׾ܹһԭʯ͸
ȥμӶʯĻֻҪԸ⣬ַӾͿ԰Ѷʯгҡ
УȥʯҲûбҪȥʯǮѾ֮ˡ
ȻżһΣһ£ǿԵġ
۾һ˵1000ܹ׬ǮǿӽһģҪ׬ǮˡĿǰƿճɽļ۸Ӧòᳬ200򡣡
ͷ˵ȷˡ
˵СҲûпѹúܵͣļܹ˵
֮һӣ1000ܹ׬Ǯ˵øһô϶ˣԼôģ
Ȼڼ˿ģҲδõĳ200Ǯ
ոյ볡ȯ粨ļ˿ȫǼΪ볡ȯ͵ġ
ȻҲı£͵볡ȯˣܹ˵ĵɷµĴţƣǸ˲š
ڼֹʱ򣬵һƷԭʯʽģɽ۸Ϊ182
ԭʯƷ֮ĵԸ⣬Եпԭʯֳܹ֪׬⡣
Ȼп֮ǰĵҪȸĵԭʯǮ
ĵһԴʮҵӣڸǮ֮󣬱ʾԵпԭʯ
ԭʯӹʦרҵֳ̨˵ע֮£пԭʯ
һȥ׬һĿȻ
һĵʱ̣˻Թߣȫǳļ
Ҳ¶Ȥɫ
ܿ죬ԭʯпӹʦ¶˷ܵɫǳ˵һ֣
ǣ
ӹʦһǡ֣ǾʹһεĶʯɹˡ
ֳ˶Ե˷ܶĽδĽܹ׬ǮĽֶʯӮ˵Լĵߴʱ˷顣
ֶʯӮ˵׬ǮоԶͨ׬Ǯ˷ܡ
ҲһЩǮˣڶʯһԭ
ӹʦ˵ǡѾܹ϶ʯӮˣӮ˶٣Ҫλʯרҹͬ
գλʯרҼĽ¯ռֵ1000
Ҳ˵ĵһν׬ȡ800
Ѿһ͵ˡ
ֳٴα˷ܣҲӵĽˣλɹߣʱ˷ܵĲͣΧ˱ȭʾл
ֳ˷ܣΧļˣʱȴ𾪲ѡ
֮ǰ˵ֻҪɽ۸񲻳1000򣬶ܹ׬Ǯǿԭʯп֮յĹΪ1000
˵֮ǰжȫ׼ȷ
⡭˳׵ˡ
ʵǲţжܹ׼ȷ
Ҫ֪ǵ˿Ƽ߶ȷĽ죬Ҳûһͨԭʯǲ㣬ܿжϳǡ񡱻ǡ
ҲǾ˵Ǹ߿ƼҲ׼жϳһԭʯļֵ
ʯĵǣʯ˵ľ顢۹
ոȴ׼ȷжϣʵ˲š
ȻҲпϹèӣ˵һ1000ֶѡ
1000˵Ҳ㡣
ڼ˿ӦþϹèˡ
ˣʼע⣬ʼ䣬ֻ˵Щʲô
ܹһԭʯǾпܹٴμһжϡ
ֻϧڶƷԭʯһʷĳλҵĻļ200
Ȼ٣800ļ۸ɽ
ƷļƷ
ÿһƷ˳ۣûгĵ
ܿ죬˵ʮƷһԭʯһǿͺܴԭʯ߽ӽһףҲнףͬһ࿪һ촰¶̡
Χļ۾ʱܣˡ
ֳеҲͬܣ˵һԭʯĳɹҶԭʯڴ
ѾԾԾԣ׼ˣʵǷǳĽֶʯӮʱ˷飬һ׼Լһ¡
һԭʯҲµĿԭʯ⻹һһ
ҲһܸȤģ֪һεĳɹ׬⣿
ļ100򣡡ʦ鼤˵
100ļ۸񲻵ͣҲߣټϵһԭʯĴ̼ߺܶ࣬۸ڽܿͻ300
ңֳǵơ



һǧ˰ٶʮ һͨĴʯͷ
۸ܿͻ300һڼǣҵ鶼ܸߣ¥Ĺ˳ˡ
ߵļˣŶעо룬˵˵˵ԭʯļֵǶ٣
߼˵˼ܹ׼ȷĸӦ
Դˣ⡣
صȤɫ˵򣬳Ѿ350ˣ˵ԭʯֵǮ
ϣֵǮɡ
۾˵Ǿ˵һҪˣ֪˭ôù
ЦӦúܿͻдˡ
ϣֵֻ飿߼ԸԳģȵʯֵжϣжϵĽȴأԲš
ȻʯרңҲһ۹⣬ǵ۹жϣԭʯ촰̵ĳɫ֮ǰǿ黹ҪЩҪöࡣ
ȻⲢ˵ԭʯͱ֮ǰǿԭʯļֵߣôҲǷϣֵİӦûİɣ
Сֻſں˵֮ǰֻãϹèӰˡ뵽
ʱһԭʯľҲڳ䶨յĳɽ۸Ϊ480Ǳ¥һȰ˾á
480һ߼ˣԭʯôҲ֮ǰǿãֵӦøߣӦûܹ׬Ǯġ
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ȻȻǶʯҲпֻܿһοĸӦúСĿˣҲڿ̫ࡣ
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֮ǰλӹʦٴδŹϳһȥ׬⣬𰸽һ
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壡
塱֣ŶʯʧܣǮ
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ߵļˣȫһ£ҲĿˡ
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Ϊ塱ֻǴʯʧܣ߽Ǯԭʯǿϡ
˵ڵԭʯֵ500ҲǺˡ
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ô顰塱ԭʯ׼ֵ٣ҲͬҪλʯרҹͬ
û̫ʱ䣬¯ֵΪ6顣
6򣿡
ֵȫһȻֵֻ6顣
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ԣֳȻźͿϧȴûоò˼顣
мȴǳ׵ĸе˼飬ϵı𾪻𾪡
⼸ȻߵǼˡ
ȻǿϣֵֻǮһ˷ǳ׼ȷжϣ˳׵ˡ
ֻһж׼ȷǻ˵ζжϵ׼ȷǾͲֻôˡ
ȻҲ˵ҪòУ
˲ΪȫǾֻ˵жԭʯ۹⼫ߡ
⡭𣿡ʵ˵˻ǲԸţ˵۹ܹ֮ߡ
۹Ļ˵۹⣬ʮܹ׼ΡΣǶԵķ˰ƸԵ֮
Ȼǲţ۹ܹ֮׼ǿѾˡ
ѾΣȫ׼ȷжϣӦòȫ
һʮҵӣӰоƺʲô
һεԭʯԾߵѪ޹ʱһ䣬УƷһһĳ
ʮ˼Ʒʱһʯͷ̧̨
һܴ״ʯͷ߶ȳһףҲͬӽһףɫ
ӦòһԭʯȥƺֻһͨĴʯͷ
ʯͷҲƷ
˵ʵҲһԭʯŲ񰡡
˵ﶼɻ󣬲аôһͨĴʯͷ̨ʲô
ף
ʱСͻȻԺסһ



һǧ˰ٶʮ ʯͷϢ
СͻȻԺסһ
ôˣС䡣Ժʵ
Сˣʯͷ棬ܵһ˿Ϣ
Ϣһ㶣ʯͷ˵ʯͷ棬һ
ĪǻյʯɣδҲ̫˼˰ɡ
СӦе뷨Ц˵ˣûôаҲʯһ˿ϢȴģȻ΢ҵĸӦˣҪʯͷڲϸĸӦһ£ôһ¶
ͷСĻӣһйŹֵʯͷ
ӦҲǷʯͷĹŹ֣Żó
һС֮Сٴ˵ˣҸӦˣԭʯͷĴһöѣѺܴ󣬳ȴﵽ25ףҲ18ףشŵһСöѾʯͷ˺ܳһʱ䣬꣬Ѿʮˡ˵ӦûϢŶԡöȴ֪ΪΣھȻһ˿΢Ϣ
ѣͷʯͷһöѣҲǲܵ顣
ϵмǧ֣ͬϲڲͬĵطѣڸⲿ֮£һöѱһʯ֮УҲʮġ
ȴﵽ25ףȴﵽ18׵ѣɾͼΪټˡ
еУֻѣпܴﵽô
ѵһöѣ
⣬С˵öʯͷ棬Ѿ˺ܳһʱ䣬ھȻһ˿Ϣ൱Ĳ˼ˡ
һ漣ƺˡ
ȻԶԶǵöֻԵɺ֮£ֱڶһ˿ϢҲƺǲܡ
ʱС˵ˣ汾ͼ΢ϢڲϼСʱ֮ڣӦþͻ᳹ʧˡӦΪʯͷԭڻԭ򡣡
ͷӦòġѵڶϢ϶ʯͷԭĻйء
ڴʯͷᵽ̨ϣϢŹء
ʵС䣬ʲôѣ𣿡
СӦòѣھʲôѣʱҲȷϢ̫ˣ޷ӦֻеȵϢǿһ֮ҲܸӦ
ѣǻʲôܹô󣿡Щɻ
ʱ̨ϵʦʼǿֵĴʯͷˡ
ʦ˵֪ҵڿ϶ɻŪôһͨĴʯͷʲôҲֵǮҲΪֻһͨĴʯͷ𣿡
˵ʦͣһ£ȻԸԳĿˣֳϹȻ˵ı顣
ֳ˾֪ӦòһͨĴʯͷȥȷһͨĴʯͷ
Ȼʦһ仰ȴǲһѪ
ֻʦ˵ʵȷһͨĴʯͷ
ôֳһȻһͨĴʯͷŲ̄ʲô
ǡʦЦЦ˵ͨʯͷڲȴһܲͨĶͨһЩֶѾ֪ʯͷڲһöڡңöܴ󣬳ȴﵽ25ףҲﵽ18סһö֮꣬Ȼʯͷڲһ˸е˼顣ÿʯ飬õ꣬ͻ֣ᷢǾĴȻϡƷļֵ޼۵ġ
һĹĴ֮ʦ˵ڣʼöԭʯļΪ100򡣡
100ļۣ͵Ҳߣһʱ䲢û˳ۡ
ȻʦԭʯĴúҪʼˡǡ֡
Ҳ˵һöС꣬ҲûС
ңһö꣬˭ܱ֤öмֵ
ô࣬һö궼мֵġ
ԭʯͶʯЩ񣬵Բһĸоһ
ԣһʱ䲢û˳ۡ
ʦ΢һΣȻ
׼ٹĴ£ջһ˵ʱֳ˳ˡ
100򣡡
۵һˡ
ʦһ˳۾ͺãٲˡ
λѳ100100򣡻λ۹ûг۳100ģ˳ۣʦָֻ˻
һЦոճ۵Ȼˡ
ֻΪһö꣬ȴ֪沢һöꡣ
ڻǡ
ѣʲôࣿһʯͷڱصá
û˾ģȻã100ͿԽ¡
᲻ûǮ˾Ļ͵µķǡ
ϧ̲ûд졣
֮˳ˡ
150򣡡
Զ¥һ



һǧ˰ʮ 
ϣû˳ۣ˳Ҳ
150Զ¥12Źĳۡ
12ŰǶȹǸǮ
ԭʯȤˣеġ
ЦЦٴγۣ160򡣡
ؼγۣЩСʵԭʯȤ𣿡
šͷԭʯЩ˼Ҵȥоо
ɶоģֹһ䣬Ҳûټ׷Ϊʲô֪ȻҪһԭʯǾһĵ
Χһ±ƣ160һԭʯĴʯͷôȷȷĲʽ
֮ǰһΪûǮֻ͵볡ȯţƵġ
ڿƺõó160
˼ۣȴòôǮǺصġ
ԣһ˵ûΪװƶұߡ
ֻǣ160ȥһʯͷȻһǵľ
Ϊֳ˵Ҳͬɻô˳ۣһˡ
ⲻǮյûô
ȻЩǮ˵һôһԭʯ棬Ҳǲԡ
ȻܹˣǮˣﶼףǮ˺Ǯ˵Ĳ࣬ҲǷǳġ
ǲԸ⻨һôһʯͷҲԸ⡣
ֳ˷ܵˣ϶ҪʦԭΪĲȥĶȻ˾ۣôֱ
ڣֻϣ¥12ŹλˣܹӼۡ
ϣܿ͵õʵ֣12ŹĿˣһγˡ
200򣡡
20012Źѳ200򡭡ʦ˷ܡ
12ŰһۣӶԷԭʯĺȤ
⵹˼ˡ
210򣡡γۡ
ֳˡֳȫķ˿û뵽ڴļһγۡ
ѵǸȹˣײɣ
Ȼһȵһγ۸ǵľ
һ˵ˣ͹˾׵ġ
һ㶼ǳһ֮˼Ӽۣһˡ
һΪǮͲ˼Ҷ࣬Ҳ
ûҪ˶Щˡ
300򣡡12ŰӼֱۣӼӵ300
˵Ԥ֮УĿˣЩʱ򼴱ΪӣҲˡ
⣬12ŰֱӼӵ300ʵһ־档
12ŰЩˣ۵ǸˣҪټӼˡ
μӾ۵˶ʱͻۡ
ʵϣе˶ҲΪ16ŵǸСӿ϶ҲһӦûѡˡ
ȻǴ㵵ǣǸСӲûѡ
310򣡡ˡ
˶ܴ㵣ѵǸСӲ
Ӧòܰμˣô
ΨߵļΪСӿĲ
Сӵ볡ȯ͵ģǾǵһᣬصҲ
ΨһüǣСӾȻõó310⵹Щϡ
ó310ףҲǿʸμˡ
12Ź
һʮɫʱЩһʮҵ˵ǸС˭ô˵Ĳأ
ʮҵ˵úܣӦǵһܲĹءҪҪȥѡһ£
룬һ˵ʱãȻأǾǮŵұۺˡǮࣿôܱȵùң
ʮҵԥһ£˵ǣó300Ǯôһԭʯȥܲý
˰ڰ֣˵һԤУֵԲͣԶԶ300һξҪüЩˣҵ۹⡣ӼֱۣǮСס
ʮҵЩۣĵԤУⶼܱԤ׼ˣǲĹ¡
ҲֻὨ飬ҪӼۣҲûа취ֻܼӼۡ
400򣡡
12Űٴγ400
ʦ˷ܣЩȻֱӼӵ400Ѿǵڶξˡ
ΣǱȽټġ
һ˽˵ǸСӦѡ˰ɣ
Ȼִˡ
410򣡡СҲٴμӼۡ
ǻȻˣСӼӼÿζֻ10ôǰҪ12Űˡ
Ӽ۶٣Ҿͱ10
Ӿ˼ˡ
ˣҸӲǼٳ֡
ʮʱ֣²ᳬʮΡ
˼˼ˡ
˶˷ֻϣ16ŵǸСӣܹΣ̫ˡ
ڶ¥ĳһط֮ǰλֳԶԶĿҹȻûпĲͨˡ



һǧ˰ʮһ ǲװƣ
֮ǰĸڴڵ⡣
Ǹṩ볡ȯģǸӺߵŮˡ
ǷִǸҺ͹ӲˣǸ͵볡ȯСʱϵıҪ㵣ж㵡
ԭΪС͵볡ȯֻΪ˿۽磬һǮ˵ķΧû뵽СӾȻˡ
ң410ļ۸
ҪǣôֳˣҪ12ŰӲ׵˼
Ҳ˵12ŰۣôҲۣСôǮ
˷ǳ㵣˵С볡ȯҪ͵ǵģôܻôǮ
Ů˵ѵСڹװƣʵòôǮǴˣ֪12Ź϶һ۵ġֻҪںʵʱѡˡһҲװˣҲû֪òôǮ
۾һ˵ܣҪҪӴСӸ͵ǵ볡ȯҴҡڵ߽ӵȷС
ŮֵòϣĺܴĿǰװɹˡ
Цһ˵ƻȷװɹˣװҪ۵ģҸӲⲻǴɵŰɣСֻҪٳһΣһ鷳ģ12Űˣ;޶ȵġ
һ뵽ܿͻ鷳̲סֻװƣĪҪʹˡ
˵С鷳֮ǰԤһºˡ
ŮʵԤȣ
Ů˶߶˼䣬Ů۾Щ˷ֱܵͷ
ǣ˽볡ȯ͵ǵģòôǮֻΪ׼12Ű˼װƶѣȵ˵Χ
ţЩܿͻڴﴫʱҶܹʶǸСӵļ˼ˡ
ʵҲȷˣΧ˵֮۾֮£ԼΧ˴
飬ں̵ܶʱڣʹ
ڶ16ŵǸСӣӲ12ð飬ע顣
ҶΣ˼ͬĵſ̬ķչ
ˣڶ16ǸСӵ飬ȻǴȤˣٶȴȻǳ졣
Сӵ֮ȫԵøӵ˷ܡ
Ϊһͱ֮ǰΪĸ˼ˣ̬ķչҲڴ
ܶ˶ڵۡ
˵Сӵ볡ȯ͵ģҾ˵Сӣôʸ
ǲòϣСӵĵӷǳ󣬶㹻װüֱ֡
룬12ŰͻȻӼˣСӸճ˵Ҳõó410򡣡
Ϊװƶ˾ۣȴɹ˵Ȼٳ֣żǻһεģлǸװƵ˺ú˵ġ֪Сӻ᲻ᱻнˣ
ھͿ12Ű᲻ˣѾΣѾǳˣǻ൱ء

Щ֮󣬶ΪװƣĲóôǮֳֻڴĵ̬ķչ
Ҳ˶ΪģһЩŲͬĿ
ΪСװ𣿡
ѵǣҪ֪볡ȯ͵ģģûʸġ
볡ȯǲ͵ģ˵Ϊ볡ȯ͵ģܹ֤ⷴװƣҪԭʯҲ12Ű
⡭Ϊʲô˵
Ϊʲô˵ֻҲδػţǵſ̬ķչɣӦþͿнˡ

Ĺ۵㣬˲ţȻΪװƣҲһЩ˼СĲװ𣿡
12Ź
ʮҵ˵СӿĲأǹװ٣ֱȥͨһ°ɡ
˵ɫ˵Ԫ壬ҾҪֱǮɵֱӼӵ600һͲˣ600Ҽӡ
ʮҵ̾һ˵ðɡ
600򣡡
12Űٴγۣһֱӽ۸ᵽ600򣡲֪16ŵλѣǷ񻹻Ӽۣ˷ܵĴ˵
һλȻ12Űֱӽ۸600Ѿǳŭˡ
16ŵǸСٲʶĻ12ŰķŭǾҪˡ
е˶ΪЩΪװƵˣ˷ܣЩΪûװƵˣһ˼ģҲ֪Щʲô
ô16ŵǸСӻҼӼ
˶ڵȴ𰸡
𰸺ܿˣСļӼˡ
610򣡡
ֻ10Ȼ׵˼Ѿ˷ˡ



һǧ˰ʮ 㲻
ЩΪװƵˣԭΪװҲװòˣһӦټӼˡ
ȴû뵽ˣһǼ10ȻǱֳҪӲ׵˼
ôҲòĦװƵˣǵһ
ҲôҸеȵ˷ܡ
ڣڴ12Ű̬ȣǼӼۣҪȡһЩҪĴʩˣ
ʵ˷ǳڴ
ڹע̬Ľչ¥¥ˣҲͬڹע
ˣҺǹֱӲǼٳֵġ
ڳˣȻҲȤ
Щʶ12ŰˣԴ˸Ȥ
15Űͬһˣһɫ£ҲͬһԴһš
ЦǺǵ˵ֳǼٳֵģСڹѾֱðˡȤȤ
Դһ˵Ǹÿֻ10ɻүð𣬽кϷˡ
ֵǸ˵ӺܴҺͣϣҪˣСס

12Ű˵ȷӣħү
ԱʮҵӽԪӵһԶ壬һֱ߰¡
ʱҲȷЩðˣǰĲ輸һģҼӼۣСӻҼӼֻۣ10ǹҵģˡ
Ԫ˵٣Ҫȥͨһˡ
Ȼӵ壬һҲΪ١
ҧгݵټһμֱۣӼӵ1000ҾͲˣ1000Ų
Ԫԥһ£Ȱ٣1000һԭʯȥ֮Щý
Ӱڰ֣˵Ԫ壬㲻õģ
Ԫֻõðɡ

1000
12ŰԼ̬ȣٴμӼֱۣ1000
ʦѾ˷ܣԭΪĵԭʯȻ1000ĸ߼ۡ
úúõĸлһ12ðţƺӦøл16ŵǸˡ
Ҳ׵ĻȻˣ12ŰȻѡļӼۣЩ⡣
ң1000һԭʯò˵Ǯԣǹˡ
ͬʱ΢һźΪڴҿ12Űֱӳ1000Ӧû鳾䶨ˡ
16ŵǸСӣѾټˡ
һǼûп12ŰȡҪʩûп16ŵǸСװƱơ
СӳɹװôһƣʵЩź
ܿ죬ǾͲźٴαü˷ܣټһĲ˼顣
Ϊ16ŵǸСӣûоʹѡ
1010
ǸСҲͬѡ˼ۡ
ңǸպö10Ҫ12ŰĽ࣬12ŰѾȥˡ
ʱи˿ʼΪ16ŵǸСӣĲǵΪװˡ
ֻǵΪװƣ֮ǰ12Ű600ʱ򣬾ѾԷˡ
ǸʱıƾѾװúˣûҪðˡ
ðһգװһıƣְѼ۸ӵ610һ12Ű۴ﵽ1000ҲӦټӼˡ
װƣԲ1010עˡ

ȻûС
ԣӦòǵװˣĺҪһԭʯ
ֻǣǿԭʯôҲֵôߵļǮǵΪʲô
ѵҲΪӣԸˣ
겻ܰɣħгûһˣΪӺ͹Ӳ
ȫϳ
ô16ŵǸˣΪʲô
ԽԽ˶ͻȻ֣ƺ֮ǰΪ
֮ǰΪģƺࡣ
ƺ֮ǰΪģҪһЩ
Щ֮ǰΪӦòװƵˣʱ򵭵һЦʱʶװ𣿡
һǡ
Ϊṩ볡ȯӺŮˣʱҲɵˡ
1010ǸСӾȻұ1010⵽ʲôѾȫ벻ˡ
ʱ򣬼ҲΪܲװˡ
ô˵ǸСܹó1000Ǯֳס
һˣȻֻԼܹóôǮ
ôֻ˵ıܲ򵥡
һ˲򵥵ˣǾʸܹĴģôܵʲô
ţԣȻǸСӵıܲ򵥣ΪʲôҪ͵볡ȯܽ
ôôһ£
ӺŮѾ׸㲻ˡ



һǧ˰ʮ ֱӶԻ
12Ű
һӴλϱϵıŭ˼飬˵ȻҳۣҳۣܺãܺãбҪСʶԼжô޴ˡԪ壡
˼ԣѾǮ˶ԷˣҪøֱӵķʽö˳
ֻǣԪһȴǳٳûж΢üͷƺʲô
ӼԪûӦߴٵԪ壡
Ԫûж˵٣Ŀǰƺ֮ǰΪЩͬڱһЩˡ
ӵʲôͬ
Ԫƾԥĺ1010ļ۸֪ʼֻ10ķʽӵǸеŭȴȻ˼ɡҲı򵥣ǲðȻ֡Ҫȵı֮ܲܶ
ӵһˣжı˵ھۣôʱȥı
Ԫûʱ䣬͵֮ȥ顣٣£ǲðȻ֣пܻڡ
ӵô죿˶ڶǣҿϵĶһߣҵ飿ҵ飿
ԪüҲڿǵ⣬ʱ漰ĶѾֻǿԭʯˣҵ档
ڽϣҿϵĶһˣȥ֮󣬾Իᱻ峰Цġ
漰⣬;ԲС⡣
ԣԭʯǱҪ¡
ֲֶΣôֻͨˡ
ֻǣڵļ۸Ѿ1010򣬾ⶼѾｻˡ
ټۣǳɹԭʯҲͬｻ
ǣöļֵ1000
⼸ǲܵġ
ôڵǣȲʹֶΣֲܼӼۣҪԭʯ
ôǲܵ顣
ԪͻȻ֣ǾȻһҶǵģʮεľ档
Ӧô죿
ԪԺϸ˼Ű취ǱҪڶʱ
Ѿȵòͷˣ˵Ԫ壬ȻʱӲģǾֱӱǵݣС֪ѶˣҲ֪ǵ֮󣬻ҼǾۡ
ԪʱҲûİ취Ա˵ðɣһԣ󾺼ͣҪǸСӶԻ
ĦУμӾ۵һ󾺼ͣҪ뾺ֱӶԻܡ
ضκ˵һġ
Ԫ󾺼ͣԻҲͬ󾺼ͣ12ŰԻ
12Ű󾺼ͣ
ͬ12Ű󣬾ͣ12Ű16ŵֱӶԻ
󾺼ͣѾܾûгֹˣ12ŰҲֱӶǸ˶ˡ
12ŰˣǸ˵ȷӦЩݡ
û뵽̬Ȼᷢչ˫ֱӶԻԤϡ
Ҳ֪˫ԻĽΣ
˭֪أſɡ

˵ţҲйע12Ű̬ȸͬ
Ц12Ű̫СˣһСӣЩܹȥֱһơ
Ҳ˰ԵͷһǿƣСĽǲģûо԰յ£ȡķʽȷѡ

16š
΢Щ㵣ֲʽ
飬˽ʵǲ࣬ողŵ֪󾺼ͣҪ뾺ֱӶԻ
سԳһЦ˵򣬲ежֻħУԼǵԶеУſ
ͷȻĲܾͺˡ
ܿ죬еİ£12ŰֱӶԻͨѾͨ
ȫһ񣬶˫ֱӶԻǷǳڴ
ͨһͨӱȲ˵СӸֱӸףǻ֪ҵݰɣ
Ԫüͷ壬ӵ̬Щţֹԥһ֮ûַֹʽ̽һ¶ԷʵҲȷһѡ
ңͷֳô˵ע£Ҳơ
ѾѡֱӶԻе̬Ҫеġ
12Ű̬Լˣ˵ͷҲҡͷ
һЦ˵Ǹҵȷ֪
Ļش𲢲⣬ҲµˣӦò֪12Űݡ
ӲмһЦ˵ܺãھ͸㣬ҵӣħңӦ֪ɣ
ءСһСֹħңһˣ֪ʲôõģ
һЦ˵ħңţҵȷ֪
ӵһЦ¶ʤߵ̬˵Ȼ֪Ӧ֪ô˰ɣ
Ǹ˵ǺǿӦôүʾ
Щŭ˵СӱҴװͿ֪Ӧԭʯ
ԭܱǸүҶʯͷЩȤȥ档
ЩţѾѻ˵ôֱˣԷȻϷ˵㻹ǲϷ
ܡ
һһ˵ҵӡ
ôأ
ôأ仰ͻȻһĸо
ҵүô
һֵģȻģһҲװƵĸоֱƣԲһܹװóġ
Ǹ˵ݣĲ򵥡ܶ˶š



һǧ˰ʮ 
Ǹ˵ݣĲ򵥡ܶ˶š
ƺû룬ֻ֮࣬ѾϾȥ롣
˵ܺãܺãôԺ֪ġڣҾ㣬СǲΣҲҪԭʯ
һЦ˵ûмǴĻȳ۵ҡǲӦ˵ɣһֱںӵ׼ȷһЩ
ŭЦ˵ܺãǾףҾͲ㻹óǮ
ܲóǮҪҪǣһүȻҵˣϾֻһүҵǮûȨóˡȰүǾʹ˷ĺãõʱ޷ｻ
Ļһ㶣ոڷŭ֮࣬Ѿˡ
˵öԣĿǰڼеλܹóǮȷޡ
1000ѾҪˣóһ
ȻոҲѡֱӶԻķʽ
ԭΪԷ֪֮󣬻ѡȴ룬ԷôľһȻǲϷ
ôӦô죿
벻ʲô취ˣֻԪԪ壡
ԷǲϷҲԪе⡣
ڣΨһİ취ֻʽˣΪ˼棬ӦûӦ
Ԫѽ취һ˵۾ԪϽ롣
Ԫͷʼ룬һ֮ڳһ˵٣ͬˣһʹõʽΪ20002000Ӧ㹻ˡ
󣬲˷ܵĹһЦְڳʤߵ̬˵Сӣ˵õȷûܹóǮȷޣ޵ǮѾ㹻ˡȻףǾɣֵܹʲôʱ򣿡
ӱ1200ļ۸
ѾһԼӼ̫ˣҪǣȻ󿴵ԽԽ󲻵òѡ
ںҪָо
Ӽۣͻ˫ֱӶԻѾ˽
Ľ˸е⣬ƺ̫⡣
16ŵˣ֮ǰ֪ԷǹӲף˵ӦòԷݡ
ʵҲħүݣûö16ŵ˸е¡
ԣĽֲ⡣
ڣ˫ѾȷҪǮˡ
ô˭ѡǳڴ
12ŰѾ1200ھ͸ÿ16˵̬ˡ
˶˶䡣
˵ŶǮˣǸո뵽˸ʽ˰ɣ뵽˶٣үһֱӼ꣬ҲýԼһʱѾռ˺ܶʱˣⶼЩ˼ˡ
΢΢Щ죬룬СӹȻⶼµˡ
һЦµôһ2000򶼲졣
˵һԼ꣬㡣ȻһѡҳȫˡˣһֱӼӵ1800򣡡
1800򣡡
һλȻħңǮΪһ棬Ȼϧ1800һ鲻֪Ʒԭʯȥ
ôҪ𣿺ܶ˲⣬ҲһЩȴġ
ڣͿ16ŵ˻ôˣ
һӦҪ˰ɣܶ˶ġ
1800򣿡ͷ˵ҵҲЩ㲻ңҵжϣ1800ӦûǼļ޼۸㻹һ֡ûв´ĻǼļ޼۸Ӧ2000Ϊ˽Լʱ䣬Ҿ2010򣡡
ĻһӲֱһѪӶÿʼ΢΢ָ˵
һԵԪҲĲţ2000򣬾ȻûöԷѡ
Է˭
Ҳ׵ըˣ16ŵˣûб1800ˣһμӼ۳10
֮Գ2010Ϊ׼12Űܹõļ޼۸Ϊ2000
Լƶšš
ʱ˲ͻȻ֣16ŵˣʼնһȻģ12Ű۶ߣƺʼûһ㲨
֮ǰȻһˡ
һǾֻ˵Ǹ˵ıȴΪĸ
ҲҪħҵı
֮ǰһ˭˵˵ݱһȲˣ
˼Ҿϲϲ
ţйˣɫҲ
ʱҲԼ֮ǰһˡĴ
һֱûȷ˼άȥ²Ǹ˵ݱ
˵һֱмȥ룬һܹжݱ
˵һǳصĽѵ˵϶
12Ű
ӺԪҲע⵽ˣǵľ֣Ǹ16ŵСӣʼնһȻģ
Ԫ˵٣ڱҪˣǸ˵ݣҲԶҵ֪㲻ģҪˡ֮ǻݣǵ𣬽춪ǳҪûǲǽҲֻܾʹˡ
˫ȭգҪ˵ʲôվû˵ء
ôأѾûа취ٶøǮԷˡ
ڣ12Űѡ˷
ǿԭʯ2010õ
ȻΪ12Űĵң໨1000򣬵1000˵ֱӾͺԲˡ
ԭʯԱ˵ʵֵ˼Ǯ˵ȴ޼֮
ʮֵľϲ



һǧ˰ʮ ļ
12ŰͶ16֮ģԭʯ֮ڳ䶨
ڲ֮ǰû˻ţĽ12Űѡ˷
ڣҾĽƺġ
16ŵǸ˵ݣԶ֮ǰΪҪߡ
ʲôݣ12Űħңһζ档
12ŰǸ֮䣬һЩ¡
ʱһˡ
˶Сۣ˸пǸ̫ǮȻ2000ôһԭʯҲڲ²⣬Ǹ˵ʲôݣ
ߵļѾĿɿڴ
֮ǰȫж϶ˣԭʯļֵĿɿڴ
ڣһĿɿڴ
Ƿ֣ǳ׵ĿˣҲȥʲôݣԥ2000һԭʯѾǲֱˡ
ڴһǣΪṩ볡ȯӺŮˣ̾Ϣ
ʱǲ֪֮ǰ뷨ǶôĿЦǾȻΪûǮȻΪֻΪ˸һǮ˵ա
뷨޴ͿЦһʱ뷨͸ӵ޴ͿЦˡ
ǻֻһεǰԽУǼ޴Ϊ
˲һ
ֳ
֮ǰǸ˸пҡ
пǣֻ±֮ǰΪģҪ򵥡
ҵǣ֮ǰȷѡ
ˣ㵽ʲôݣ˵
12Ű
Ӳȥ֪Լ϶Ϊˣֳ۵Ķ
ңΪʧһۡ
ҲģҲʲҧгݵ˵Ԫ壬һҪǸСӵıҿĶĻһҪúõı
Ԫ˵ٷģȻһ壬ҲԲǺǵģһȥСӵıġǣڵ֮ǰپж
ص³һ˵ã֪

ʲô뷨֪ҲûȤ֪еȤȫеǰĴʯ档
еƷ
֧2010ľķ֮ѯҪδԭʯֳʯͷпȡֱ꣬ӽʯͷߣ
ȻҪֱӽʯͷˡ
ԣʯͷʱƷݷ֮лɳ͵ָĵط
ǰĴʯ飬ﲻʮֵ˷ܺͼ
С˵Ѹͻûγ꣬ǻһ˿΢Ϣ
Ҳ˵ڼǿĻš
һöǳѣִУ˽⣬Ψ͵񣬲п³ôѡ
С˵Ӧò
ǻʲôô
ѵѾ˵ࣿ
뵽ֿԣҲ̲סʮ˷ܡ
ֻϧѵϢʵ̫ˣСҲ޷Ӧʲô
ҪѵϢǿܹһˣΨһˡ
ΪԵռ䡣
ԣ麬ѵĴʯͷΨж˵޼֮
ΪȽĿƼҽѧҲ鲻ʵϢ˵Ϣǿˡ
˵ֻһöõߡ
ֻǣеƷݷܰѴʯŪռ䣬Щź
ʵǺ֪˾޴ѣ׻ʲôࣿ
⣬ѱͼ΢ϢڲϼҲЩǡ
ھѵϢȫʧСʱʱ䣬ǸʱѾҲͽŪռˡ
һ֮»ص
ƷĳоۼҵģҲо۲ҵġ
ûٷ˼ĶҲͬûиȤĶ
ԣҲһֱûٳ֡
ʦֳˣȫеЩź֮ͨǰ飬ʵҪһο֡
ʼղٳ֣Ҳûа취
ʱĹȥеƷȫĳҲҪˡ
Ϊ⣬ڽ֮ǰһǳҪ顣
ļ裡
Ὺʼ֮ǰʦͽܹ˶ȷܹ䵽ʵļ裬ǷǳԸġ
ԣĴļ裬˶Ӧ
עˣ
⵹˵ΪӦöһ㣬Դԭʯ¼֮ʼնǴעˡ
ٴγֵԸûʵ֣ȻϣĴļϣˡ
⣬ҵȻҲЩ棬׻Ǯ
ļ裬ֻҪܹȷмûĳЩıʣȻԸļ衣
һεļ裬ܹȷûĳЩıʵļ衣
ԣܾ
ܾλᣬΪЩҪѶͯǣһЩʵʵڵ顣



һǧ˰ʮ ӦþǮ

׼ΪЩҪѶͯǣһЩʵʵڵ顣
󲿷ˣҲһ⣬öˣ˾1010򣬾ٵˣҲ𲽡
ԵͷаĵˣʵǴ
ܶ˾Ǯ֮û뿪ڴע
ܶ˶ϣصһγֻ֣Ǿ
ڴľĿͣôҲ10ϰɡ
Ͼܹ2000һԭʯˡ
12ŰӡԪҲû뿪Ҳͬڹע
ֻǵ΢ЩһʮֲˬߵҵҪǸСþ٣
ոʮһСĻȻ
ȻҶǮˣǮϾԼģʮûм˻á
ԣӾʮڴһСĺ䶯
ӵһٶ˴ҵĽڳޣ֮ǰӣҲһһЩ
ȻӾʮ򣬲ΪôİģΪ˴ﵽĿġ
һһһЩԭʯ֮ӡ
ڶΪþʮǮܹ֤࣬аġ
һĻᡣ
ԣܰװ׾ʮʮۣվǾ;ʮ
ĵһĿѾﵽˣһ˵Ľڳϣܹоó
ڣͿ׼ˣ
Ҳþ20Ұɡ

ʦڵܺãֻΪǳɹûһƷģΪҶڴļӦ
ĿǰΪ̶̵ֹʱ֮ڣܾѾ1000
1000Ȼ࣬Ҳܰ첻ٵˣٿѵĺӣܹõĶɹĺ
Ȼܹļ赽ǮѵĺӣȻá
Ŀǰѵĺһңֻܹõΰл̫Сһ㡣
һܹļ赽1000ʦǷǳˡ
Щ޷õĺӣҲûа취ˡ
Ͼÿһѵĺӣõ
ڣֳˣԸҲӦû϶Ѿˡ
ʦͳһ£Ӧôﵽ˾ųɣһʮָжıС
ֻǣʦһΪ16ŵǸҲ裬Ҿ׽Ӧò٣Ǹ˵ڶûʲôӦʦ΢΢Щʧ
ѵˣ
ʦ΢΢Щʧ˼ٳûзӦҲͬ΢΢Щʧ
Ǹ˸ò᲻׼ɣ
12ŰԽԽ˷ܣһǮ裬֮Ʒ࣬ɾرˡ
ʱҵۣԻ֮ǰȫΪҽڳ޵Ķ󣬶Ǵұ͵Ķ
ӿǮľһηǳ޴ľ᲻ãΪ˿ڱôҲþʮ򡢰ǣ
ֲòһǮһ޴ľ
ԽԽ˷ܣ̲ס˵˵˭˭˭û2010һ黹֪ûмֵʯͷȴ᲻ΪЩҪĺǾһ㣿᲻ãһģӦ˼һ°ɣ
ӵĻܶ˶ˣ˵˵һЩ˵˼һЩҲġ
ǿҲ΢һЩˡ
֮ȴǵһЦ˵ǸҸոֻһ⡣
⣿Цһ˵㲻ԸҲûʲôǴҲ⡣Ͼ˶˽ģ˭ԸԼǮأֺαʲôڣȻ⣬ܸܲǣʲô⣿
ȻˣҲ޷룬ҵӦþǮ
һ˵ӲһֱЦôʱ䣬ֻӦþǮ
ôĵж۰һ򣬼ǮģҪôã
ʮˬЩĵ˵һ򣬼Ǯ£бҪôʵ᲻ãҽ㻹ǲҪˣþֺ֮ڡǵľѾ1000򣬲ǼǮˡ
Ҳһʧҡͷǻǿˡ
ԭٳûзӦȻֻӦþǮǮ飬бҪô
ȻôãǻǲҪĺá
ʦҲʧ˵ˣͲ˰ɣĲһ㡣
Ϊ췽˵ĻȻʣʦվû˵ڡ
Ȼܹ״˵˼⣬һЦʦ˵һ£һεĴжڼƻУһѵĺӣҪǮ
ʦЩΪʲôͻȻʣǴһεļƻУÿһӴҪ1000Ǯӣ1000ܹһˡ
ͷһӣȷҲˡǣĿǰǹѣҪĺӣǶ٣
ʦ̾һңǵվ޵ġ
ǰһҡͷ˵ԣҵӦþǮ



һǧ˰ʮ һڣ10ڣ
һ˵еȫסˡ
ôʲô˼˶⡣
ƺһʲô˼ΪԼˣԲǸ˼Բܣ
Ҳһ˼ҲԲǸ˼Ϊ˵ǹҪ֪Ǹ˼
ʵϣװһƶѣԻ˵
ЩܻԲװƣ˵Сôʲô˼װҲҪи޶ȣĻ˵꣬Ѵҵɵ𣿡
⻰ܶ˶ΪȻҲģҲΪװƶѡ
ֻǣװҲҪи޶ȣװһ֮ıƣȻѾװͷ
ңǰ˵ɵһװƣ˭˭ɵơ
ʦҲüͷ΢壬ҲΪֻװƣ˵ҪôļЦ
ֳΨ֮ǰλˣԼˣʹҵ뷨Щһ
ȻҲǸ˼ҲΪװƣΪ˵Ӧĳ⡣
ھĵġ
룿⣬һЦʦ˵ҲϲϿЦϣȷһ飬ûһʱ֮ڣҹҪĺʩԮ֣
⻰Ȼ󾪣ͻȻоװƣҲûпЦǸ˼
ĸ˼
һҪĺӣȫõһεİ
һҪǮ1000ԪôһҪǮǡǡ
Ƕ٣
ܶ˺Ȼһʱ֮㲻ֻ֪һ֡
ҲΪˣû˸Ǹ˼
ڣȻ
ƤЩµһ1000ԪһǶ٣㣬һǧ1һڣһڣôܣԲܣôܻ˾һڣ
һڣһˡ
ڻǳ࣬ӵ۵ˣͲôˡ
ңôڣֱӾһڣǷˡ
ڻʷĴļУ˾߼¼1000ԪԻһλҵҡ
⣬һԾļ¼ҲмΡ
Ҳмζѡ
Ǽ򣬺һһǧĸ˾Ѿúܶ˸пˣý׷ױ
ڣصˣȻҪһֱӾһڣֱ̫ˡ
û˸ţ
ܶ˶Ϊһڵľе񣬵һȴǸеӷ
һڣǵѧʦ̵𣿡
ɶɶ˼һڣѵ1000򣿲԰ô١
ǵѧʦ̵ġһڣҲ1000ô10ڣ10ڰ
٣1010ڣ
Լú㡣
1000һ򣬽19090ʮ١ǧѲۣ10ڣ

10ڣ
ǸصˣҪǮһڣ10ڣ
ֱ̫ˣţܶϵıȫס૲ظţⲻܣԲܡ
ҲˣţҲԸţԷֱӾ10ڣ۸Ƕ٣˭ݵʲô
ֻϧûܹ𰸡
ͬˣ֮ǰΪṩ볡ȯӺŮˣԼ֮ǰߵļˣҲ𣬡˭˭
֮ǰĸˣԼЩ֮ǰΪװƵˣʱҲĿɿڴĲš
֮ǰȻΪװƣ⣬Ҳû뵽ľǸ˼
10ڣ10ڣʵ˲š
֮ǰĸ˴ļ¼1000
ڣصˣҪ¼10
ڸ˵ģǾ;ֻǰѼ¼10ôˣħУҲΪ10ڵľ쳹ÿһ䡣
ħн˵õӰ죬øڲ֮࣬ͻȻʮ˷ܺͼ
Ȼңʼʱȷѡ
ǸʱѾоһݵˣûݸеη
ûǾη
Ȼ֪ľݣѾ˾ηǸеȵҡ
̨ϣʦƤͻȻ˶¡
ħʦҲǿڲõʦڵƤڶ£˵ˡ
10ڵľ̫ˡ
ƤӶµ˵⡭λ˼ǡǡǡҪ10ڡ𣿡
΢΢һЦ˵ڻһ㻹ûлشҸոյ⣬ħûһʱ֮ڣҹҪĺʩԮ֣
һ˵ɾǿ϶Ĵˣǰħִ
ʦƤӸˣ˵롭Եȣֻгʸ֣ȥǵг
ͷ10ڲһСĿȻȥҪȷħִС



һǧ˰ʮ ³
ʦ˷ܡʵ⣬һʦܹشģ
ԣŻŵ칫׼г㱨гǡþڰ칫
ֻǣʦûܵ칫гѾҴҵĴӰ칫߳ʦ
ԭгѾõϢ
ΪгڵõϢĵһʱҲţȷϢӦ֮гҲͬͻȻ֮˷ܶ
һ춯صĴ£ýһԻ𼫴ĺ䶯ߵҲԲ⡣
ħоԻ˻ࡣ
гŲҴңʦ֮󣬼еʵλ𣿡
ʦæǵģгλڵ
гŲͣͷ˵ãǿЩȥĪλȾˡ
õģгʦæ˵
󣬸гּȥ
ʱ߽ʦָһڵλã˵гλ
ᳬг󣬵г֪ЩʱǧҪȥһˡ
ʦ˵гλ
гȴڰ֣˵Լҽܾͺˡ
˵꣬гӿ˽Ųķȥ
е˶г֮֮ǰʶгҲ˲ʶг֮ǰʶгˣʱҲ֪λˣг
û˾⣬10ڵľǾֻгһʸӴ
ʵڣҶȻǲţ10ڡ
Ҳ֪ʮа˾Ѿˡ
ȻҲףǸӣħег
΢΢һЦվ
гǱ伱ΪСܲߣԶԶľͳ֡
Ҳ֣ͬǰӭ˼
гˣ𾴡
˵ֽգɿгһЦ˵ǷǳıǸõˣħегݷ㣬ǳܹ֪Ӧôƺ
΢΢һЦ˵гˣ
ݷԭ
ͷ˵гҲ롣

Ǵһ˵һ̸µĵط˶Դƺ⡣
˵гǳ˵֮ǰʦ⣬Ѿתˣ֪гĴǣ
ݷæ˵ģħоִǽ㾡ǵȫ飬ҽԼලִСԲκһλѵĺӣġ
Ŀݷʱ䣬һЦ˵гôôɡԮѵĺһֱ飬ڣͰигˡ
ȻѾ֪Ӧ棬׶һ˵ݷ㻹ǼΪľϲ˷ܡ
æλվ𣬽ס֣˵ģħһὫִкãԲḺС
ͷ˵ȻˣǾͰгˡڣҾͰѾתǡ
˵꣬ֻһ10ڵĽתħе˻ϡ
һ1Ÿ0µ˵һ֣ݷ㶼˫ȭգħһΣҪһ춯صĴˡ
Ϊгݷ㣬ʱҲԵüΪĲ
ʦ͸ˣ˫ѾЩ£ħе˻ϣµ˵һ֣չʾ˴ĴĻϡ
е˶ܹ
12345ܶ˶鲻Խȥ1浽м0
󣬶ˣһǾŸ0
10ڵľѾˡ
ʷ˴ƾļ¼Ѿ10ڣ֮ǰļ¼1000˽100
ʵ̫ˡ
ħе˻ϣոնһʮλת˼¼˲ŸţǸصľ10ڡ
ٲţʱҲòˡ
е˶ɵˣ֮ǰԭΪӦûʮ򡢰ģ;һΪһ᲻ľ衣
֮Ϊ˵Ҫÿһѵĺӣʵڴһţơ
ȴ֪˼Ҳڴţƣ˼ľ10ڡ
12ŰҲɵˣָµָƤӶҪ˵ʲôȴվһҲû˵
֮ǰΪṩ볡ȯӺŮˣͬҲɵˣ뵽Լ֮ǰȻΪһ300Ǹһ޴뷨
ʲôӵ뷨⣬ˣҲ뿪ˣһֱǹţһö֪ʲôء
ݷǣݷæҪ뿪
ȴǰڰ֣ʾݷ㲻ͣԼ뿪ˡ
˵ע£뿪
ض뿪֮ʦݷߣ˵гλ10ڣǾܹÿһλҪĺˡֻǿϧֻ֪λȴ֪֡
ݷ΢΢һЦ˵֪λ֡
ʦһ㶣˵г֪ҼǵгûʣҲû˵
ݷпһˣ׵ľ;10ڣټǴеĳȻȡѵ㻹²𣿡
ʦһݷһ˵ͻȻ֮뵽һˡ
˭
ȻǴ˵еģӵඥݵģԵũׯׯ
ǵģԲ
ʦǳĿ϶



һǧ˰ʮ Ҫ˸Сʱ
ʦ³ݣ֮࣬Ե˷ܺͼһֻȻĸо
֪Ǹ˵һ򵥣ԭǴ˵е
һе鶼͵ͨˡ
ʦΪ˵ԭгһĻӰ֮ǰԤĻҪö࣬ΪӰʵ̫̫ˡħеһλԵ
гݷҲͬҲڼ֮󣬲Ų³ݵģ֮ǰӼ
Ϊ10ڵľ֣֮ȳֵ֮ӰҪöࡣ
ΪΪ˵еÿһ飬Ĺע
ʦ˵Ļݷ㼫ΪͬħеһξԻԵ˵ûǵһλԵһεԮжǱҪٷ֮ٵŬԲܹΣҲܹЩҪĺӵһƬġҽԼලԮжˡ
ʦһ˵ǣг
ݷͷ˵ھҪȥ׼ˣ㡣
ʦϽ˵õģг
ݷ뿪ˣֳеҲУĻع
֮ǰݷʦʾݵʱֳĺܶҲͻȻ֮䣬µݡ
һʱ֮ûвµʦ˵֮Ҳ֪ǸصˣǴ˵е
֪ֳ֮˵ʦ࣬𾪡ϲ˷ܡֻȻ
һֱ룬һˣҪʲôݣܹ˵
ڣ֪ˡ
֪֮룬ʵӦòµˣ˵һ˴˵е֮⣬ֻܹ˭
12Űӳ̾Ϣһ֮ǰȻͼǮԷסһֶô֪ͿЦ뷨
֪Ǹһ֮ǰ˲䵴Ȼ޴棬ֻʣ¾η
˾η֮⣬κһ˼
Ȼһ˿ϲ֮ǰ뷨ô֪ͿЦϺۣȴʵ
ǺϾ۵ˣܹһӵţơ
иҪģΪʲôᾺۣΪǿһƷ
һƷΨһ۵Ʒ˵ֻһƷ
Ҳͬˡ
񲻱۹һ
ôܹӵţơ
ԣȻ֪ԼһΪ޴飬ͬʱַǳϲ
վߵԪҲ̾ԭǾһ㶼ˣǳ޴֮⡣
֮ǰߵǼˣ֪֮󣬳𾪡ϲ˷֮ܵ⣬⿪һɻ
ǾΪʲôǸˣܹȫж϶ԭʯļֵ
ԭ
һҲȻˣĴ˵̫࣬ĸֱҲǷ켫ܹ׼ȷжϳԭʯļֵҲͲֵˡ
һˣܹ׼ȷжԭʯļֵǸһ
⿪ɻ󣬼˵һȻ
֮ǰĸվڴһǣû뵽Ȼ

ʲô߳ԼȥˣˣҲӦðˡ
ȥеʱ䣬ǿʯͷ
ڣҪѴʯͷŪռˡ
ȻʱĿ֮Ūռ䣬˵һַø͵ʦʯͷ͵Ǹط
һ뿪
ָĵط֮ʦһ𣬽ʯͷжȻʦ뿪
ǳǽһطĴʮְȫܹʯͷŪռˡ
Ҳ̲סЩ
С䣬עһ£ҪһͽˡԺС˸к֮ʯͷ˿ռ䡣
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ܴʯͷ֮ǰĻжҲһܹԵռᲢۡ
ԣֻҪʯͷڿռ֮УһܹѵϢһһıǿ
֮СС䣬ôϢûڱǿ
СڵģˣһıǿΪԭʵ̫ˣҪָϢҪһʱ䡣
ͷʵôָܹ֪ʲôĳ̶ȣҪ೤ʱ䣿
СĿǰĻָٶжϣҪ˸Сʱҡ
˸СʱǾ˵ϣܹ֪ʲôˡ
ǳϲڴм



һǧ˰ʮ 
˸Сʱʱ䣬Сܸ֪䵽ʲôˡ
Щ˷ܺڴ
ڣ˻صħ㳡ػ߰£ȻҪء
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Թ֮־һЩڣɫԽԽҲԽԽ˷ܺڴ
˸СʱʱѾȥ߸СʱһСʱңܹ֪;޴ѣʲôˣ
һѾ˵࣬һεķֽ䶯磬ʮڴ
ػԼķ䣬бڴϵֻ
ҲԼķ䣬һţһߵСϢ
1Сʱ֮СԺ𣬡ˣѾˡ
һϲһ뵽ԵռС
һʯͷ÷ڿռİƺߣֱӳڰƺߣСվڴʯͷϵš
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СĽзѱ֮Ϊ񣬶ľͿ񡣡
񣿡ͺһȻһѾࡣ
ȻѾˣ񲢲İΪȤרŲѯһЩڿϡ
ǰ磬״״ࡣ
ᵽ񣬺ܶ˿ܻ᲻뵽ʵûκεĹϵ
ȻҪ˵йϵҲǿԵģͬһġ
ΪĽѧҡѧң¡ŷġ
19ͣŷĵõһܲѰĹͷо֮ѧһҪ޴Ĺɹǡ
ŷİΪDinornis˿־ĴǹƷʱ򣬽򻯣֮Ϊ
ѧ½ˣʮִС첻ͬĿ
ʮԣľͿ߽ӽ4ףߵࡣСĿֻл𼦴С
磬ѧǵо㣬һΪ18ڣ½19ͳѾ١1950ҳ
ҲѧΪ20ǵĿ
ֱ죬ĳһ䣬п档
ȻֻһЩѧǵƲ⣬ûʵݡ
ԣһΪѾ1950
ڣܹ֤û1950ҳ
֤ݾǰģʯöѡ
СƶϣöѴڵʱ䣬ᳬ50ܹ֤꣬20ʮңϻпĴڡ
ΪöѲƾճ֣һһֻԿ¡
ڣöѵĸĸ϶ѾڣϵĿҲѾ
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öѣû
Ȼöûǿ϶ˡ
ΪʯͷħԭĻУѵϢȻһʱ䣬ĳһ޷ƿǶ
ʱĹȥѵϢջγһöֻ꣬ڸõʱ֮γһöѻʯ
ڣȲΪ꣬ҲΪʯǻƿǶΪӦϵһֻ
ǿʮĽ͡
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СĿǰĻָٶȣҪ10ҡڿռ̳һֽҺĶΪṩӿָٶȡ
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˵꣬ռĴéԣ̳ϵͳҵҺ100ֵһƿ
۸ǲˣڵֵѾ㹻ˣ100ѣòſǡ
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С䣬ôʹãʵ
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ң˿Ӱ졣
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ǿˣǵһμЩϡ档
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һǧ˰ʮһ ֶһ
·úãˡҺ֮󣬾ֻҪĵĵȴСһƿǶˡ
Դ˷ǳڴڿռﵢһ֮뿪˿ռ䡣
һҹ޻ڶϣԹ緹֮ض뿪˹Ԣ
죬Ҫػ俴
˴һֱ䣬ѾΣѾϤˡ
Եũׯׯ֮һԣؼһˮ̶Ѱá
䣬ֻΪóʱûлˣ
ԣ˽һ춼䣬˰ʱ֣صħصĹԢ
˹Ԣ˵ͻش˰ɣ˼죬оǴá
΢΢һЦ˵Ȼˣͻȥɡ

ڶ죬ض̤˹;
һ·ϲż·ԣ˳Ŀͳɽ缯еʱѾϵˡ
صϤɽ缯УزһҲС
Щʱȷãÿһ˵ʼеĵط
ѾĴﶨӵˣǵеĵطӦҲͬԼļ硣
ֺܶ궼صˣٻصʱѱ硣
δЩ˸ˡ
壬ߵɽѧУſڵʱҲǡôѧУſڳ
һ߳ɽ缯Уʥȥ
һ·ϣЩҵ̴Ѿðȴֵ̣˼Ҽһʱ䡣
ÿÿɫʱ򣬿Ҽһ̴ðȴ̣ܻһּΪеĸо
ϲ̴ðĴ̣ɫɫڸ߿ɢ
ģ˵ʥڣÿÿ̴ͬð˻ɫɫĴ̡
ֻɫѾЩˣѾò̫С
߽ӣصʱѾһӵĲˣڵˡ

죬ض˵ǹҵһ졣
˵Ī˷ܵһ졣
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Ϣ˵ʱû볡ȯΪֳļƻС
ֻߵ볡ڣվڵʱһһŮˡ
μġ
ΪʸμħˣǷǸöһֺǿԽУΪҲֳȴû볡ȯԽб˲䱬Գû볡ȯȥֱǲ
ȴ˭֪һЦó볡ȯ
Ϊʲôţ
ΪһˣһļõӸһ𣬸ݺҵƶϣǸӦء
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ֶ棬֪ģϡ衱볡ȯʵһǳ׵顣
һһŮ˼ó볡ȯ˲һֱĸоڨڨҲóԼ볡ȯøԼһ̨¡
ȴǣӦѾ֪ˣǸӷԼ볡ȯˡ
ǳ˲ɣԼ档
ʱӻ֪볡ȯ
֮飬͸˼ˡ
ΪħҪݣ볡ȯϵκŶԺضˣȻҲͬԺ
ոյһһŮҲȷЩ£ǵ볡ȯȻŪˣͨһЩ취ֳ
ǼǵԼ볡ȯϵκţΪ볡ȯҲûʲôֱȥ볡ȯϵκͿˡ
ǶԺǵ볡ȯˣ볡ȯϵκŶӦλ϶ûˡ
Ȼҵ볡ȯϵκŶӦλʱȴλѾˣ볡ǳǸӡ
ʱӲŻȻԭ볡ȯǱǰˡ
ֳĸˣҪҷ볡ȯĽȴֳˣΪ뿪
ⲢΪ˲µݣΪоˣݿܲ򵥡
ֳԭ;ֻϵһ˵
ϻֵ˵˵ϸڸвͬȴͬġ
磬ֳ볡ȯǴԽбϡ衱ģԼֳ֮ȵȡ
˵Ϊֳһ£һصɴ˷ܡ
Ҷֳ֮գΪĸȤϻۡƶϣҪҳࡣ
ֻһ֪ηƶϣҲҳ࣬ҲΪӽѡ
˵ֶһ



һǧ˰ʮ 
˵ֶһ
Ϊʲôһԭʯ˸Ȥϧ2010£Ҳͬ²׷ס
ȷϢǿԭʯΨһֵһΡ
Ҳ˵ϺöƫƫֻһԭʯȤ
Ϊʲô
˶Դ˶ΪȤ׷ײ²⡣
˵һصԭʯһܴܣֻ۷̥Ψб֮Ϊˡܹеܡ
Ҳ˵ǿԭʯǷ֮֣֮ˣ֮ҪߣΪ˵İȫǣֻ֪Ӧδǿԭʯ
˵ǿԭʯһصֻܹܵСİ
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ħңţƵӰǸӵСӣȻͼǲ֪η
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Сǲ֪η֪֪֮󣬻һʲô뷨ֱɵ˰ɡ
ſ϶Ųˣ֮⣬е˷ܡ룬ΨһһϺ۵ˣţƣܹһӣûëϾϾһ£ȷʵ
Ҳôһ˵ǣСӻΨһһϺ۵ˡĿǰΪֹΨһһôţơ
У⻹Ϊ֪ݶѣ֪ˣŵƨľ㲻ˣﻹҾʲôۣ
Ȼˣ˼Ϻһ£ҲȷʵȷǿԴţƵġ
˵ҲǣҹС˷ء
С˷ܵĲֻǾۣ۹⡣룬ǿԭʯΨһֵƷСҲˣ˵ˣǿԭʯĲȻСӾϹèӣĿǿԭʯʲô˼Ҫţƣ˵Լ۹һ㻹ûа취
Ҳȷôһ¶Сӵ찡
ôȷ죬Щʱš֪һЩõ벻ľ޴ջ񡣡

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˵ġ
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10һ£ǵ֮⣬ڸҲ˼ĺ䶯
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ý׷ױ10һ£ͷͷ
Ҳ׷׸̾̾Ĳ֮ʤ֮Ļ֮ʣǴ˵е
ߵ㣬˽3ӵʱ䣬10һ£רⱨ
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һǧ˰ʮ 
ʥ塣
ħһϴ÷зڵĸý壬Ҳ10ھһ£˴רԵı
Ҳͬпǧ׷Լ΢ϣ˶¼Ŀ
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Ԯжִкˣһʷж
ֲȫصѺǣҲ½֪˴˴¼֪λ˵еΪȥůСС͵ǣڴ͸м
һκ¼⻹ֻԮֵ֮Ŀʼ
ԺԮ֣֮ΪЩӴȥİ
ǿֵģ
ڣصѾˣʱʱ̶̿ڴռǸСһܹƿǶ
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Ϊ񡢰
񣬳ڸճʱ۾ѾȫųܵǺ󲻾ãܹߣʳǸһǣܹ뿪ĸ
Ѽ죬Լȡסȣ
񣬳մѿʱ֣۾ûϵë٣ȫ¶һëûУܹߡҪڳɸĸ¡ιʳ
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񣬹˼ǽڣ֮
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һһǣȫͱƺɫ𸲸ǣ۾
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̾һܹ׸ߵľͿ񣬸ճǾôˡ
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ϸĶŵǰСһͨڵһʵ㲻Ư
˸ëʻɫ֮⣬ȫǻƺɫ䣬ȫûг򣬲ӺܳЩеĳ¹˫ȴ׳ȴԵòЩ̣ȫһֶȡ
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绰߶ϣ˵һ˼ɽзһСһ˵ֵСһһԵüΪ˷ܺͼ˵֪СһʲôĻʥ忴һöʧ
Ź䡢Ķˣڽӵĵ绰֮󣬾ѾԵ˷ˡ
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ΪӦɽĳֱΣ
ʲôΣ˸еΪ˷ܡ
ԣڽӵĵ绰֮ûκεԥڵһʱ׼ϸʥ塣



һǧ˰ʮ ϲʶ
֪ͨŹ䡢Ķ֮Ҳ̻شˡ
ڿҪصڵʱռոճСһŪ˿ռ䡣
һγȥΪСһܹĳڴȻҪСһռ䣬Ȼһصӡ
ڴڵ
Ϊ˵һλҪһȤļһ
ʲôȤļһطǳ档
ˣڵ֪صӵĴʱ֮󣬱ĵ˴ڵš
ԶԶģؿӰ߷Χ֮ڣһһĶ
һֻƺɫĶȥιļҼһС̬Ҳһ񼦣־ԲǼĲӿûô
һ̬ʮصļһشûм
֪ǿ϶ǣ˵ǸȤļһˡ
ǵʲô
طԼڼǣǸȤһģҲϲ
ǼصĺģԶԶӭȥ
߽֮ϸۣŵĳصļһȷʶ
Щɻʵ˵ǸȤļһʲôоû
Ц㵱ȻûмˣҲǵһμֶһͷءһʲôʱ㡣Ȼȥλүӣ֪
˵ʱʲôСЩĹĵ
˵Ҫȥλүӣʱ£ҲĹˣЩ˷ܵ˵ѽѽȥʶǿ߰ɣѾˣ֪λүģ
ͷã߿Щ
֮˼ӿŲŴȥ
һ·ϣԵΪ˷ܣ²⼸λүУ᲻˭ϵʲô
λӶǼʶ˵ӦöϵõġǣǸҲȷԼе뷨ǾͲö֪ˡ
ŶЩɻˣ˵ȻϵãΪβȷ
Ц˵λү֪֮ˡ
УƲƲ죬ֹһ䣬Ҳûʣ˵߿һ㡣

ҡء֣ࡢڴɢ̫ѾɽߵϼȴǺͮͮһƬǳƯ
ϼɫӳڴҲͬʮֵƯ
ϼֵĻƻɢȻһǳ顣
죬ݣǡǡǸСһйء
֣˵С˵һ˼ĵطһʮȤļһ׼Ҳ֪ʲôȤļһ
СصģӦ÷ĳֱΣҰɡ
ҵпܣҲ֪ΪΣСƺǺͶԵ
صСӦþͿҪˣ¿֪֮ʲôˡ
ظո˵꣬λүӾͿضˣ첽
ŵǸһӦþ˵ǸȤļһˡ
СܼܵλүӸǰȲ˵λүү˵ǸȤļһˣǿ쿴ϲʶʲô
˵λүӵĿ⣬ҲȫˣŵǸһϡ
һۣλүӾ;һǰһгĸСƺֻǸճõĳ
ʲôĳô
ѵ
ԣĳƺҲûôɡ
ңһŷǳԵ
Ȼܷɣȴгģһȴȫûг
⣬ľûôҹͺͺûëһľܳëǡ
УһȴֶҲ
ԣⲢ
ǵʲôࣿ
λүӾɲǾȻûмǴǵϡ
ǺܹϳļһΪǾԶǼʶˣֱΣ϶ʶ
ûۼϡҲһ϶ϵó
ڣǾȻϲǰļһʲô
СӵǴһŪģλүӵô롣
زԹɫ˵λүүҲϲʲô𣿡
һ˵һ￴ŵȷЩ
һЦЩ˵żλү۲죬ϸ˼˵ϳֶˡ
λүӼһģʮֵƣǲ뿴ӡ
ǣϸԺ䣬һﵽʲô
ͻȻƺ뵽ʲôˣɫ󾪶ֲš
ܿ죬ҡҡͷӦòֶܰѾһˣôܻ֣
λүһ˵ʵأϳʲô𣿡
ҡͷӦֻǳѣֶѾ˺ܳһʱˡ
ʵʲôأ˵˵
ҵ֮ǰһЩڿϣ̬ƺǰһģѾܳһʱˣӦòǿ񡣡



һǧ˰ʮ ͯרٵ
񣿡
ء֣ࡢҵĻ֮󣬶Ǵһ
ֶȻ֪һֱҪߴ󣬻Ҫǿ׳࣬ߵࡣ
ֻѧһ۵ΪѾ1850ҳٶˡ
Сһȷǿ
ֻǣһ˵֮ء֣ࡢ˶֣Сһ̬ȷͿǳ
˵أ㻹˵Сһ̬ĺͿǳ񣬼ǿҲһͿźŨѪԵϵ
ҵͷȷˡ
֣࿴ǰСһ˼Ȼ˵Сһĺпǿ񡣡
Ŷλүӡء֣ࡣ
֣ЦЦ˵Ȼѧ۵ΪѾ1850ȴеѧҶΪЩѧΪֱ20ͳȻп档ѧƲ⣬ܶûȫҲĳΪ֪ĽǵĿЩѧҵƲΪ棬ôСһ㲻ǿ񡣡
λү󣬾ǻ˵ͷƺȷ˵
ôСһǿ
λүһ뿴˼ԣϽǴ𰸡
һЦ˵ҺͼλүӵĹ۵һΪһǿ񡣵ǱϾרоЩѧңҲܰٷ֮ٵȷϾЩķǳ񡣲ѾλרǰźܿͻȷеĴˡ
һ˵λүӾͷʾͬ
֣֮˵˵λרҿϺϣ
ͷǶϣҸ˵ҵһֻǳȤļһǶƺǳ˷ܣƻڵһʱӦþ͵ˡ
֣Цϼһ˸ȤĶҲֻЩĶֲˡ
СһǲǿԲϼһʧ
һֱĬĬż̸һԭ˵ĸоѹʶֶԭѾ200ˡ
ţҲпܲû
֮ǰûֶǵһ˵
Ȼǵһ˵ӡϣܹоһﳤ֮һʮ־޴
ѹһڻǳ񣬾Ѿôˡ
ͻȻ䣬ضÿļһĳɳʮڴ
λүŹ䡢λרҵĵʮڴ
λרҵȷϣСһǿĻһ𼫴ĺ䶯ѾȫԵũׯɻø

ڶŵ㣬λרүʲôʱȻһʮϤѾþû˵СӣûڼңѾˣϽ
Źġ
˵ʵǺѽ˵֮ˣͿѧԺԺʿϵһ𣬸ûһѧԺԺʿԡ
ҲΪʲôΪͯרҡԭ
һϲ߳䣬̨Ժ￴ȥλ塢ýˣôԺӴ߽Ժӡ
λŹ䡢Ķˡ
Ͻ¥ӭȥЦϡϣӭӭղλԽԽãҲԽԽˡ
⻰ǹάλ˻ԽԽˣѾ60꣬ȥȴƺ50꣬òѾٽˡ
Ϊʲô
λͯһԸ֮⣬Ϊ˾ʳʥʳġ
Ź䡢Ķ˿ҲϲǵȻ࣬ȴʮֵĳ졣
ŹҲǹһЦ˵С˵ˮƽ֡ĻȲҪ˵ϽС˵ģǸȤļһóǿǲµòĻӦһֱΣɣϽϽóǿʲôΣ
Ҳͬߴٲͣ
ȴЦλҪôżȱ裬֣ϡҲһֱڵأʹ绰ǹȻһȥǸСһ
ŹȻʮҲһʱ˵úãϽ绰ǼϼһϽ߿һЩСŹҲУǼϼһԽԽãܸǧ׶¶
ЦЦǸ֣˸绰Ȼָش˸绰ҲϽ
ʱ˻λרȻһ
λרʮ־صգȻ֪֮󣬲ŻȻ
ֲգԭá
ظջã֣ࡢҡλүӣҲŲҴҵĸ˹
֣߽ԺžȲ˵ããϼһˣϽǸСһﵽʲô
ҡλүӣҲæߴ١
ԭλүҲһļ
Ź뿴ˣⲻ͵ĸϼһ𡣡
Ź䡢Ķˣ֮ǰѾҡλүӼ棬˴ѾϤˡ
λүһȻû˵˼Ѿǳˡ
ЦЦ˵ȻүļǾ߰ɡ
һˣǸСһĵط
֣ࡢҡءؼˣѾСһڵעСһϣŹ䡢Ķϡ
ǹ۲λרҵķӦλרҵĴ𰸡
Ǻ֪ܿ˴𰸡
ΪŹ䡢ĶˣСһĵһʱͬʱŵľ
񣡡


һǧ˰ʮ Ҫȥʵؿ
Ź䡢Ķ˾𾪺Ͳŵı顣
֣ࡢҡءؼˣȫһ
֣༱æʵšޣǿ񣿲ǺͿƵࣿ
Ź䡢ĶˣƺûдлعŹڻش֣⣬ǣǣǿ񣬾ԻʵĿ񣬾Բġ
ͬЩ˵ȻҲǵһμ񣬵ǿ񣬾Բ˹ڶʮǰԤԣȻˡ
˹֣˵ޣ˵ĿѧҰ˹ſϣ
ĵͷȷ˹ʮʱ⣬ȥ̵ĵطѰҿ㼣ڶʮǰ˹һطǿĺۼȷ֮󣬰˹ʽ񻹲ûֻǿϧЩǿĻۼ֮⣬˹ûٷܹ֤񻹴ڵ֤ݣһ˵ҲһֱûеõѧϿɡ
ĽЩ֮󣬱㲻˵˫۷ŹֱǰСһƺûʲôܹǰСһˡ
ŹҲͬˡ
ء֣ˣڵ飬˱ûٴŶˣ׼öȿ˵
˺һ֮ŹŰߴСһƿǳڴʵС﷢СһģСһ֮⣬Χûĺۼֵĵطһڣ
Źһ⣬ԴˣҲѾ׼
ǰȥʱĦегݷ˵绰ѯǿѵĴʯͷʲôطֵģ
չأбӦ͸¶ǿʯͷݷѯʣ˲ʲôزˣ֪Ϣ
ǿʯͷǼת֮󣬲ŵħϵģĵطƺڻϱߵģһ̵ɽ֮С
ݷԴ˲ȫȷ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
⼸ʱ䣬ȥݷ˵Ĵλÿһ£ȷһƬߡ
΢΢һЦ˵ȻһϷֵˣһϱߣһƬߵɽ˷Сһ֮⣬ҲûзĺۼҲкۼֻûз֡ϾҲⷽרҡ
Ź󼤶ããֻҪһϷֵľͺáûзۼûйϵкۼҲֲˡСӴȥҺҪȥʵؿ죬һεķ֣Ʊػ䶯硣
ͬӿڵһȥʵؿ죬ûʲôջ񣬵һֻСһҲԺ䶯ˡŰɣϸѧǣڵ֪Ϣ֮һȿֺĸǻ
֪λרһҪȥֳԿ죬Ҳʱ׼ԭ֮һ
ˣܾλרҪʵؿ죬ȥˡ
λרܹܲһЩʲôͲȷˡ
ȻϣλרңܹһЩ
ĻεĿ¼ɻӺ䶯Ҫǣ⻹ܹѧ磬ѧϵĵλǾĺ顣
λרҼӦ˴ǰȥ˵˵ãֱ˵Ǹúӣ£һ
۾һæ˵ҲҪȥģҲλרүӵĿġ
ͷβϴΣѾͷȥȻԡ
֣֮ЦǺǵ˵һҲȥո֡
ҡͬʱ˵ͷͬʱЦһҲҪȥ
λүҲҪȥ⵹ЩԤϣȻܾ
Ź䡢Ķ˵λүҲҪȥкǻϲȴ˵֣ȥѧģǼϼһȥʲô֣
֣˵ǵĿѧ죬ֲǡȥҲµġ
ҲûҲ£ǿǵģǵģ໥以š
˵ˡ
Ź䡢ĶˣٴΰĿ䵽Сһϡ
ŹЩһЦ˵˵СӣСһδ
ϡϣҪȰѻ˵ðǿɲܴ⣬һĶȥԺʹʥˡЩרҲãͨοҲãҪֻܹ￴
Źһ̾˵Ҿ֪СӲ֣Ҳá֪ΪʲôܸоСӸرԵһǳĵطǸֶãСһԺڴӦòõѡ񡣡
һЦ˵ȻȻҸΪܹ֤õȥϾпһֻˣء
ĵСӵĻ˵úСһڴǵȷܹġ
Цİɣұ֤Сһܹĳɳʷߡǿ׳Ŀ񡣡
Ź䡢Ķͬʱͷ⻰ǲɡ



һǧ˰ʮ Ҫһʱȥ

˹ſϣʢѧ֮һҲкܸߵ
˹Ѿ75꣬彡ʣҲһֱûнԼĿѧо칤
ڹȥļʮʱһǰ˹һֱģǾǵȫȥѰټ
ʮ֮ǰһط˹ڷˣǿĺۼ
о֮󣬰˹ȷǾǿĺۼ
ҲʮĿΨһһηֵĿۼһΣҲֻƲ⣬ûзмֱֵ֤ݡ
ҲΪˣʮǰڿ񻹲û˵һֱûеõѧĳϡ
֮Ķʮʱ㼣鲼ĺܶ䣬Ҫмֵ֤ݣ֤ݿ磬ϧʼûκεջ
ѧǣ׷Ȱ˵˹ԿѰңѾ200ˣôܻܹҵټ
Ѱټע޽ֻڵ󱦹ʱ䡣
˹ʼûз֪ΪΣڤڤܸ֮оϻſ
˹ΪѰ㼣صľʹ֪ܹõȥһʹ
ֱֹͣһ̣Ѱҡ
˹ʼѰټһ£Ҳᱻѧἰ
˹Ѱʮ꣬Ϊ˷̫ʱˡ
˭˵أϧ˹Ϊ
Ƕо18Ҷǹͬо˹ȴʼղΪԸϵܹһףѾˡ
ʵǶϣûһصľʹž޴˭ңޣ˹ҿʲôǿʵ˲š룬һ˷ܵķ衣ϧǲܵġ
Ҳһ죬˹ģ̫̫ĵط޷㣬ǽڵĸ߿ƼߣҲԽ롣ҲĻпأ
˵˹ˣȥѰҿտļƻһս֮ǰδսĵطϣܹһѾ75ˡȻ廹Ӳʣȥ֮ǰδսĵطʵ̫Σˡ
ҲΪ֪ԼѾ75ˣҪȥս֮ǰδսĵطΪٲȥһܶûлȥˡ
ֻǿϧһעǻʧʼΪѾ200ˣڲܻпۼ
ǶΪΨ԰˹Ϊ׵ˣΪѡ

ѧǣÿÿᵽ˹ʱǻ̾˹Ĺִ
ȻһǶȣҲ˵ǰ˹ִţֻڴѧҿ˹ִţעֻ˷ʱ䡣
Ѿ200꣬ϴ󲿷ѧңھʵ졢֮󣬹ͬȷϵĽǲܻġ

ѧ˵˹ȷˣٴ̤Ѱҿټ;ļƻ
ȻѾ75꣬Լܹ̤;ҪһֱѰңֱֹͣһ̣ʹ
ҲΪһѧҵ
Ѿ׼
ÿһ̤;ǰϣÿһζʧ飬̾һ
Ըǣܹҵʵ֤ݣ֤Ļû
ʲôʵ֤ݣ
ųķ㡢ëȵȣǸųõķ㣬䲻͵ëȻõģ˹ϣ
ȻܹҵһֻŵĿֱӡ֤ݣ⼸ǲܵġ
˭ܹ˹ҷһֻ񣬻񣡡
˹һ˷ܵķ裬۶Էϵһ䣬ԻڵһʱϹȥϧһд۵ĸϹȥ
ϧǲܵġ
˹һ̾Ѿ75ˣѾû㹻ʱˡ
Զź뿪硣
ʱѧַѵϵ£һ绰˵ʦŹ㡣
˹ɫһϲڻλѣŹģӵѵԽ绰һϲ顣
˵õģѵ绰ңлл
ѵϵµݹ绰֪ʦһϲողż
˹ӹ˵绰û˵䣬ͻȻֱӴϵϵı˷ܵüڷﲻͣ߶ϸĻ֣ᷢ˹΢΢
ѵϵ¿Ű˹Ϊȣļδʦ˵ļ
ԻѧŹ˵Щʲôʦ˵ļѵϵ⡣
˹ȻڼȥʱѾ˵绰ȴ֮ǰҪӲҲ
ʦѵϵСĺһ䡣
˹ûзӦȻļ֮С
廹ʮӲʣ÷ѵϵ²õģڼ岻ʡ
˺һ֮󣬰˹ֹͣ߶Ȼڼȵ˷֮УԷѵϵ˵ѵϵ£ȥȥҪڵһʱǰ
ѵϵЩ⣬˹Ѿ׼ҪȥĳطѰۼôͻȻҪȥˣ
һ֮ǰͨ绰йأŹ˵ʲôȻܹʦıг̡ѵϵ
ûѯʣ˵õģʦȥ׼
˵֮󣬷ѵϵ±׼ȥˣʦ˵ҪڵһʱȥȻҪǰȥ׼
˹ȴȻѡ



һǧ˰ʮ ȥ
ʥ塣
ŹҶ˵绰˵ѾͰ˹˵ˣӦôڼȵ˷ܺͼС󣬻ڵһʱϵ
˵ʱǲѾΪʲôֱȥʵؿĵط
ЦСһǾҪСһģ˵ûбˡŻʵؿĵطʵؿʱ䲻̣ջĻǿҪµʱ䡣
ͷֵãҰźһ˽Ӵ˹
Ź䡢Ķͬʱͷã
ǺһЦ˵ȻλרѾȷϣСһȷǿôǲǿʽСһĴˣ
ŹЦСѾȲ˰ɣʵϣҲͬѾȲˡǰСһϱңʵؿֳռһЩ֮󣬾ͻʽȫ繫档СһĴڣעȫķΧڣ𼫴ĺ䶯
Ǿλרˣҷǳڴ
ĵСӵȻڴˣԵũׯһȫ硣ˣˣǿ뿪ˣҺҪСһˡˣһͳȥʵؿ졣
һ˵غͼλүӶ֪λרҪʽĹ۲Сһˣ㲻ټţȥ
һͽȥʵؿ죬λүӸԻȥ׼ˡ
Ҳص˼Ҫ׼ȴҪ׼ġ

ڶ峿ХнԵռ䣬һȥĵطЩضʮգҪХܹͨС
֮ԼλүӣŹ䡢λרһˣʽʵؿ֮ؽ

Ϻʡϱߵʡݣ½󣬵ϺĻǻʡˡ
Ϻʡ棬дƬƬ̵ĵطһһεĿĵء
ڣѾˡ
;ƣ˿ûӰ˷ܡڴ顣
ָǰһƬ˵Ƭֽȥֱߣֱ߾ٹ֮󣬾ҷǸСһĵطˡֻ˫ߵĻǲܵġǽֱɻܵصӰ죬ҲͬԵ
ŹͷǸطô׵ĻҲ﷢ǸСһˡطҺ졣ֻ뵽100ҡ
ЦǺǵ˵ֱɻѵȴ֪СӿԺɵĵ
һЦϣ˵˵һܹĻôǸһҡ
۾һ˵˵ХҲˣôģ
ЦȻԼɹģٶȣɱɻҪöˣѾˡ
ֵ򣬼ȻХҲҪǸﲻֱıϷɹҪɻһڡ
ХƲ֮ϼٷеģ֮⣬ɲУХͿջУǲܹ
ƲƲ죬ֹǺðɡ
ֱ˷ܣ˵ôأӦÿԳХ죬ȥ˵Ǹط˰ɣ
ЦǿԣҪλרүӵ˼ֱȥΧ죿
Ź䡢Ķ˶һۣ໥ͷ֮Ź˵ֱȥȻΪģɢ졣
ҡء֣ࡢλүȻû
ͷ˵ãХ
ХȻԼʥɹģǴԵռģֻⲻκ֪
֮ǰ³ʱ˸ᣬХٻ˿ռ䣬Х찵и˭ǡ
غ˷ܣλүҲǳڴХ죬ȻѾٺ棬ǲڴХĳ֡
ܿ죬һࡢ߿ХХڼߵ󻺻½
غͼλүȫԴԽԽͣҲϱХ졣
ֱХ컺䵽ϣӴһСɽһ㡣
غͼλүӣѾХܶˣÿһμȻǻеΪĲ˼顣
ǲХΪʲôԳô޴ֻ֪ʥǸĵطҲǸСӡ
ХıϣȻغͼλүҲȥ
˸ХıϣһҲӵʣ´Ŀռ䡣
֮ЦҪˡ
غ˷ܣ˵ѽѽǿ߰ɡ
λүӺλרүӣҲͬʮֵڴ
Х컺ɣŰŴȥ



һǧ˰ʮ ҿȥ
ХһˣŴȥ
ХٶȲ죬ԣһܹƽȵХ챳ϣһܹ·Ĵ
һ·ϣ֡֡¡󡢻ĵصһϵеĵòг֣ڸĸҰ֮⣬ûκĺۼ
һ·ϵһУԭʼķòΣķص֡
Ź䡢Ķ˷׷׸̾ĵòҰרңֻҲԴԽ
Х죬Ǿ޷ԽĵòǽֱɻҲ޷ȫٵķԽ
Сʱ֮ХѾ500˵߷Χڣ˴ƬĻĵأʯᾣһ˶ߵӲݴ
ָǰĻĵ˵ǵĿˣҾ﷢ǸСһġ
˵˵ȻСһĵط
ħгݷ˵ѵǿʯͷֵĵطϺʡ档
ǰʵؿʱ򣬷ϺʡһƬĻߵش⡣
ͬХıϣһƬ֮תһ飬ȻѡָǿĵأΪСһĵط
ȻҲѡģǸݿϰжϣһпĻ֮ܵأԻĵΪĵһƬ
Ȼߴǿ׳˿־壬ѧǵо֣ʵʳߣҪֲҶӺ͹ʵΪʳ
ƬĵصܶǷܵɭ֣иֲҶӺ͹ʵôҲ԰
ХıϣһĻ֮󣬾ǾȫƬĵأԼܵĵò
غλүӣʲôر֮Ź䡢λרȴ۾Ե˷ܶ
Ź˵һƬĵصܾɭְΧȷǳʺϿ档
Ҳ˵ӦôûХİǶҲ޷ȷǿ԰ͻȻоһһջ񡣡
һ˲û֮ǰһֻ֮ܵʲô֪֮ԻᵽǾһеɣȻ˵Ҳʡ
ЦȻյվˣҲӦýˡ
Хȵ˻ĵ룬һ֮һɳ죬ܿʧƲ֮ϡ
һθпХ֮󣬿ʼܵĻ
ոХصʱ򣬾ܵĸҰĴӴܡ
ԣڲҪģͻȻܵҰĹ
ȻֻڲҪģԺκʱ򶼲ҪģΪڡ
һΣն￿ĻӦСҲڵһʱʾκҰԸĻڵһʱ־롣
ҲҴӦغͼλүһͬǰԭоԵİգһܹǵİȫ
غͼλүӣҲܹǵİȫǶԵΡ
һ˴һܵĻ֮ʽʼһεĻҰ֮á

ʥ塣
Ӹոմӳ⳵һ˿ȥ70ңһҪ࣬40ҡ
70ҵ⣬κ˶ܹ鼫á
ŴԵũׯţߵ˵ȫԵũׯˣһֱ￴ڣˡ
ӵͷǵģʦˡ˵صĻׯޣдĸֶаֱΣţʦһϲġ
˵ͷ˵һƬأ
λ˺ӣȻѧҰ˹ѧַѵϵˡ
һʱͣĸ·˹˻ʥ塣
Źڵ绰ֻ׳ĿʥԵũׯ׳ĵطڻϺʡ档
ط˹Ҫȥطջ
ӵ׳ʥ壬԰˹ջԶԸҪһЩ
ԣ
ҲŹ䡢Ķ˵Ԥ֮С
ˣⰲԽӴ˹
˹վũׯǰ뵽ǣʮĿƽ
ڶ޷ţ˸绰﷢һֻ
һ𺳵ľϲ
Զǣһĸܣûһ
ǵڣڼ֮С
˼ͻȻ÷ǳţȻŹ䲻ƭп׳ǽš
̫ˡ
ЩҿԵũׯĴš
ӵŹ绰һԸǣܹһԵũׯĴš
ڣֻҪһ̧ţܹȥʱȴЩҿȥˡ



һǧ˰ʮ 
ԵũׯŴ
˹ΪţҿԵũׯĴš
һԵķѵϵȫⰲ˹ʱ˿̵飬ڵȴȴ˹ƽһЩ
ʱ򣬴ũׯ߳㷢˶ˡ
֮ǰԽӴ˹ѵϵ¶ˣ㲻ҵ˻Ѿˣ߳ũׯ
ǿ˶ˣ֮ǰȻûмˣܹоǾҪӴİ˹ѵϵˡ
ߵǰñ׼ʵʣǰ˹ѵϵ𣿡
˹ѵϵͬʱ㣬˶ǳ죬ǰഺŮӣΪʲôϵǣ
˹˵ǵģǰ˹Ƿѵϵ£Сϵǣ
ЦЦԼݺ˵һ顣
˹ѵϵ˸м˹˵ʵ̫лˣҲҪлС㣬һΪĵط
˹̫ˣӴӦġ֪˹뿴ǸСһʹȥΣ
˹ܽţЩҿũׯĴţȴˣֻʣ˷ܡڴ
˵ãǳлС㡣
ڰ֣ʾⰲ˹Ҫ˽ũׯ
СһﱻڰɽŵһƬũׯŴߵɽţ벻̣Ҳ̫еĻֻҪ40ҵʱ䡣
40Ӳãڰ˹˵ȴ߹һ̫ͣˡ
Ȼͣ½Ųָǰһط˵ֻ׳Ŀ񣬾Ƭʱ򣬰˹ͻȻоôô͵ˣ
Щˡ
ܹǳԼ廹ʮӲʡ
Ȼ϶Ϊڽźͼʡ
ԭŵķѵϵ£ʱҲͻȻýˡ
ܹԸо˴ʱ˿̵Ľţ˾⣬˵˹ѵϵǹȥɣǸСһƬӦܹ
˹ĺһʾл̧֮ſƬ򣬷ѵϵҲ
󣬰˹ÿһԵʮСƺ²ߵˣöƬĳ׳ܵš
ʱпܣĿⷶΧڣǰ˹ʮΡ
ڣڲΣʱпܻ֣˹еԼҪϢˡ
ߵúúϸÿһÿһݣÿһʯͷÿһض
ͻȻһֻĸСȫڻɫ䣬ӳȴ̵ĳ񣬳ڰ˹
һ̣˹ֻо綼ֹˣݲĶ
һ̣ʮ꣬ȴʮ꣬Ԥʮ꣬ˡ
忪ʼ΢΢
һο񣬵ܹٷ֮ٵĿ϶ǾǿǣʮĿ
;վעǰСһûŲһҲ嶯ֻǾվ
ڰ˹Եķѵϵ£Ҳͬͣ˽ŲҲͬ
ԭҪ
һǼ֮Ϊʦ
ʦʮ̽͵ȴڵȵһˣڲź

ϺʡĻҰ֮С
Ź䡢Ķʵؿռݣغͼλүӣѡһƽףڴ
ϣǽڻҰҹ
ʱ֣λרռ˵һݣȻûзпĺۼЩ繫ĴڣѾ㹻ˡ
ɣϱѧԺ֮󣬻ѧԺԺʿѧŹ䡢Ķˣʽ˹档
Ҫ˵ڻϺʡĻҰ֮УһֻŵĿ׳ΪԵũׯׯ׳ڱڣʥԵũׯڡ
ԻѧԺΪ巢ش󹫸棬˵˿һעȫϢ
ˣѧԺ򹫸棬ڼ̵ʱ֮ڣͼȫеĹת
Щҵĵʱ䣬ڻҹ賿Ҳͬڵһʱ˱
ȹעһ򱨵ˣȻǸѧǡ
ǿĵһӦǾԵĲţڶӦǣǻѧԺĹ棬Բм١
Ҳ˵ķ˿񣬿ȻĻû
ѧҰ˹ڶʮǰģûȫĹ۵㣬Ȼġ
ѧĿɿڴǰδеǿң֪һһʵȻǲš
ʵ˲ţ
Ҫ㹻ʱ䣬ȥܺһϢ



һǧ˰ʮһ ʥ
ѧǣҪ㹻ʱȥܺĻûϢ
ʵ̫˲ˣȻķ˿޷š
ȴʵǻѧԺϢ
⵱ȻʵʵҲͬ޷š
ջҪšǲţǲ֮ǰ˵Ըϵܹı䰲˹ĿȻϵıģȴǵĿ
Ҳ֮ǰ˵˹ִ̫ˣڱҪǸ
׳ǱԵũׯׯֵģҸ˵һ
ѾһڻҪ֪ԶԶֹԵũׯׯôһ
ҵȻ֪ǻּҡС˵ҡҡͯңĴ·ǳࡣҲֽ֮ΪŵңС˵Ʒϵй¡Ħ˹̽ȣѾΪȫƷ̫࣬ĹҲ̫ࡣڣַ˿׳Ĵ»ڼ
֪˹ǷѾ֪Ϣ֪ˣһ˷ܵķġ
룬ʱ򰲲˹ѾڻˣŹ䡢Ķ˺Ĺϵ֪һֱѰҿӦûڵһʱϢġ

ѧǲţȴֲſĻû
֮Ҳͬüȵľϲ˷ܡ
֮ǰ֮Ϊ˹Ѱ˷ʱ䣬ֻΪǾţѾ200ȥˡ
ǲǶ֣ߴǿ׳˿־ش񲻸Ȥ
ʵϣ200ǰҲǼΪźҲ˴ʱȥоҲϣû
ڣûܹۼصĴȻͬȵľϲ˷ܡ
˵ͬջ
ڣԸҲ̳ͬڿǰ

ڻʥ塣
ԣҲڵһʱһǰʥ塣


֮ǰμħ飬Լ10ڵľһ£ôĴ֮ȶ΢һ㽵͡
Ȼ绪ѧԺȫ緢һ棬ֽԹעĽ㡣
񣬺ܶ˶û˵ֶ֣Ҷ֪Ӧÿ϶һѾ˵Ķ
Ϊ֣ôһʶ뵽ԶʱѾˣӦҲѾ˰ɡ
ʶΪȻûʲôѧݣȷȷġ
ڽ֮ǰѧ۵Ϊ200ǰѾ
ڵĴ˵ֻʶΪһѾ˵Ķһ֪ʶѾԶԶҵˡ
ڣҶڿһֶ˼Ȥܶ˶ʼϣȥѯڿϡ
һѯʹǶԿȤԽԽ
Ȼ200ǰˣҾ͸оһѾ˶
ҲͿȻܹ4׸ߣȻ˿ֲĴ񡣡
ԭͿûɶϵҲ200꣬һΪͿһԶʱھء
200ǰѾˣǽ֮ǰĹ۵ˡڣǻһֻŵĿҪ֮ǰѧǵĽۣ׵߸ˡԻ޴ĺ䶯
һĴѾΪ200Ŀܹ֣ʵ̫ˡ
˵ֿĵطϺʡҰ֮еĳһطû㣬ҲΨб½Ļ֮ء
200ǰѧ۵㣬ƺѧҵĹ۵㣬ЩѧƺΪ񶼲ûг
ڷһֻŵĿ׳Ǿ֤Ļûķ֣ע䶯硣
Ѿ䶯ˣϢ˵ѧǣڵ֪˻ֻ֮ȫԵüΪ𾪡ţȻֱüΪ˷ܺͼڣѧǣڸǻʥ塣˵ž޴ջ
ջֺֹЩѧǣϵĴ˵ǵ֪һֱ϶Ѿ200شͻȻֻϵʱ򣬶һеΪ𾪺Ͳ˼飬ҲһǳܹԼصĴ񡣶ڴ˵ջʥĵط
ʥ屾ѾϷǳˣΪʥµջ뵽ʱ˿ѧңͨڸʥ壬Ҿ̲ס˷ܡͽл
ֵĿǾͿ񣬿ϧǼһﻹֻ׳޷չʾֲ͡
㲻ҪģʥǼһһɳ÷ǳ죬ͻøҪ̫ʱ䣬չʾֲˡ
ûʥ壬صĻׯҲ˵ЩͣҲԶطĸһĵط
ҿԱ֤ڲõĽʥһΪȫĵطû֮һ




һǧ˰ʮ ȫ綼ڱ
鲻ֹ֮⣬ýҲڵһʱ˴ıƵڵһʱ岥صı
ߵһ׵϶Ҳͬб
쵼ˣԻעش飬ηֽں̶ܴϣѧ磬ѧеĵλ
еý嶼ǳ˷ܣֽý˴ƪӡý˴ʱ䣬רŵרⱨ
ذѧ϶Ѿ200ĿҹϺʡĻ֮б֣
д棡ҹϺʡ˱϶Ѿ200Ŀ񡣡
ȫȫҵѧǣڸҹʥ壬ǶΪ
ķ֣Ʒѧ磬ΪѾ200Ľۣ
ķ֣ѧ˵ʮҪ壡
ѧҰ˹ڶʮǰڿδ׵˵档
ϤѧҰ˹Ѿҹʥ壬ʮԸʥʵ֡
ѧңѧԺԺʿŹԼڿķ֮ؽʵؿ죬ǽΪ

ڵýģıҵڶý壬Ҳͬڵһʱ˴ģı
췢֣ڷѾ϶200Ŀ񣡡
ٴ棬ڻ֮ط֣϶Ѿ200Ŀѧ˵ʮҪ壡
ҹѧұ˹͵Ѿڵһʱ˻ʥ塣ķ֣дʷ
ѧڸķ֣ѧ糹𾪣

ҵý嶼ڴԵ÷ǳ˷ܣ˷ܵý壬Ҫĸý塣
ԭֻΪѧҰ˹ΪûѧǵĴڶʮʽԤԣ˵񻹲ûĳһ䣬һп档
ڣ˹ԤԳ棬ѧڴʱ¼еӰڻѧ硣
ֿҹѧ簲˹ʮǰڿûԤԳ棡
˹Ѿǰʥ壬ڿоµƪ£
ķߣǻĴҲ¹ഫ£ǻӭܹٴ
ֿ񣬰˹ʮо͵ȴõĽлѧ磬л

ý˷ܣҲͬ˷ܡ
Ϊ񱻷¼ҲΪ˹ѧңλķߣഫµ
ͬǼĴҲ˵ԵũׯļƷʳģÿһλ˿µĹ£ѾԼˡ
Ϊϵй¡Ϊͯϲҡ
ΪĦ˹̽Ϊߵ̽С˵ңͬʱҲ֪֮һ
ԭı˽֣ѾΪˣȫ̽ʥء
ÿĽǰȥݷã˽221bŹԢˣ𳤳Ķ顣
Ϊ˹޼СԭżС˹ޣڳΪŷ޴½֪ĵط֮һÿ춼οĽȥ
˹޼Сݳ߰ݣҲһż˸֣Ϊһ߾Ǹ֡
ڰ˵еĶˣǻᵽһ㡣
˹޼С׸ĵǳ˴ɫʣһֱֵ
ΪЩ֪Ҳϲ֮һ
ڣķȻ˷ܲѡ
д棬˹ʮĵȴҲõĽϲ˹л
ֿʹð˹ʮǰԤԳ棬ѧ磬ѧеĵλҪл
һλȫţΪڲ֮Ϊû֮һ
ڻʥ壬һĵط

飬ҵǣȻҲͬ顣
ķ֣øҵǣȫǳȤ
ڸҵ˵Ȼ棬Ҳ֪ͬ
ΪԵũׯҲΪЩѾȫƷ
ԵũׯׯԵũׯʳģ⡢ζʳģϧûа취ȥԵƷ
ȥһλԵũׯץʱ׬ǮϣܹʵԸ
˵ֵ־Ϳܹ4׸ߡǵöߣȥۿһۡ
˭ȥأԣŬǮɣǶлȥԵũׯġ




һǧ˰ʮ ֿӡ
Ϻʡ֮ء
һѾ졣
ڣڵһ׼һѹȻȥҰҰûϿųԡ
磬ҰҰ֮ĲǱ
ԵռʵдҰҰáѼҰζ׼ʳÿռʳģҪȥԡ
ڻҰ֮дԣһʮȤ顣
ؿĹµ뷨Ҫһȥԡ
Ұ֮дԣȻʮȤҲһΣյ飬ʱпܷΣա
ڣǾͻþԵİȫ
оԵİգܹصİȫˣûоܾء
Ź䡢ĶȻݿ죬λүҲΪȤԶԶš
ǿģҲͿֶѡ
ʱһѼ׵Ĺ֧׵ļˡ
ŹԶһȻףȴǲСҰҰܹ㹻ɱ⡣
ؿĹ۾ЩԾԾԵģ
ˣѹһգһΣԣɲԡ
ƲƲ죬ҲûټҪҪһԡ
֮شȥˡ
Ϊ֮ǰХĹϵĶȫӵԶԶĵطȥˡ
˰Сʱ֮󣬲½˶Ӱӡ
һһֻɫҰ߷Χ֮ڣ뻹ԶѾ˸
ʾؽŲһЩĳҰڵλǱ˹ȥ
Ȼƾ֣κιߣҪץһֻҰҲһʮּ򵥵顣
ʹùʹùȤ׼ϼ
Ѿ̷Χ֮ڣҰȻûвԹԵʳԡ
ȡһȻֻಡһԼٶҰȥ
ֻҰѾע޷ѣм֮󣬾֮ųҪ롣
Ȼ˼֮䵽ϲˣһֻﵽ֡
صôһּ˧˧
ءСһ˵ɡ
һЦ߹ȥӵϼԼĵһֻ˵࣬һңǲ
֮Ҳ˹űҰЩĲ̣Ұͦģǽ֮ˣ֪ҰȻǱǴҰҲʮġ
֮ͻȻסһָŲԶһط˵㿴ǰʲôֵĽӡ
ӡ˳ָķȥֻϵȷһӡ
ңȷ֡
ӡΪֺȽչÿһֺܳмһֺȳ40ס
ӦһͷǳĽӡֺ
ʲôࣿ
ͻȻһ飬;ͷǳ󣬶ֺ
ôòǿӡɣ
ңݽӡ̬жϣöӡµʱ䲻̫
ѵ⸽п棿
Сһ֮⣬ĻĿ棿
ҾƬ֮У
Щ˼飬Ҫֻ֪ʱҵСһ﷢ֵء
ڣп棬ȷǳɺϡ
Ȼܰٷ֮ٵȷǿӡԺܸߡ
̾Ѿͷ԰㾹Ȼ˿ӡҪ֪Ź䡢λүӣûзʲôмֵĶء
ӡһϲ˵˵ǿӡ
ڻܰٷ֮ȷԷǳߡ룬˿֮⣬ﻹôࣿ
ص᲻ĽӡҲܸߴ󰡡
ҡͷᣬҲûô󡣶ңҲǻġҪģֺֻЩӡȴֺȻڴУҲֺŵͱҪСһЩôĽӡ
һ˵˷ܵô˵ĺпǿµĽӡˣ
Ҳܹٷ֮ٵĿ϶Էǳߡȥλרүǻ׼ȷĴ𰸡
صͷѽѽھȥλרүӹԵ飬֮˵
غ˷ܣѾǳȲˡ
ΪЩӡȷֵģǳгɾ͸С
ڵ飬Ц˵ãȥλרүӡ
˵꣬ԭ·ء
صԭĵطλרȻռݣλүҲȻڿ
ǿض˻
һֻҰЦСӴԵļǲаֻôһֻҰ
δ˵˵үүǻΪһǳشķ֡



һǧ˰ʮ ѰұΪѾĶ
ش֣ʲôش֣λүʵ
Ź䡢λרңƺҲ˵ĻͣĻ́ͷء
ʮֵ˵ӡǷ˿Ľӡңȷֵġ
棿һŹ䡢Ķ˵
ǶԵʮ˷ܣͬʱվһ߿첽أһͬʱ˵Ѿͷķ˿ӡ
ҡء֣ࡢλүӣҲЩĿأλרҶûзмֵĶѾͷȴȷˣ⡣
ؼλרү˷ܣͻȻ֮Щ˼ˣһǲǿӡλרҰװ˷ˣ
Щڨڨ˵Ӧ˵ǿӡ˵Ժܸߣܰٷ֮ٵȷڻλүӺһȥ
Ȼ˵Ĳ϶λרүӵ˷飬ȴƺûмŹ˵úãǸһȥߣھߡ
ҲͬԵȲߴ˵ھߡ
ȻûЦȻλүż߰ɡ
λרүˣҡء֣ࡢλүӣȻҲһȥˡ

40֮ض˴żλүӣ»ص֮ǰֽӡĵط
ָŵϵĽӡ˵Щӡˣλүӿ쿴ǲǿӡ
Ź䡢ĶˣѾʮּ
ǵһ۾ͱϳˣӦþǿӡд
Ϊܹٷ֮ٵĿ϶λרһҪһȷϡ
λרסļʼоȷĹ۲Լݼ㡣
˲ûдţǾĵλרҸ
20֮λרҸ˽ǿµĽӡ
ң½ӡʱ䲻ᳬ10졣
Ҳ˵ڹȥ10ĳһʱһֻ߹
Ү˷ܵĻһӡȷֵġ
һ̾ҲﾹȻпôδҲ̫˰ɣ
С䣬֪һ£ûп񣿡ԺС˵
õģˣͿʼ֪С
ܿ죬С˵ˣڵĸ֪ΧڣҲǷԲ300ڣûзֿ񡣡
ɫĵͷԲ300ڶûзֿ񣬿ĿΪϡ٣Ӧòᳬʮֻ
Ȼϡٲġ
ȻҲᱻѧ磬϶Ѿ200ˡ
˷ܣλרȴظ˷ܣ
10ĿӡһֵӰȷֿ׳ӰС١
һֶǶˣڻѧңѧ磬ͬżҪ塣
Ÿ죬شķ֣һʵؿջǻ֮ǰԤҪöࡣ
λר鼫ãЦĶ˵Ѿͷشķ㵱׹Һһοɶĸˡ
ŹҲЦǿ죬ûʲôмֵĶѾͷȴǴһ޴ľϲѾͷˡ
ҡء֣ࡢλүӣҲͬ̾
غ˷ܣ˵ܹЩӡʵ˽ǽԣҲܹЩӡġ
Ź䡢Ķ˵ͷ⻰ȻҲûӡȻȷֵģȻҲŷǳҪĹϵ
СӼǰŷ˿׳ִʹطЩӡ
ѵǴ˵еڤڤ֮⣿СĺͿԵ
ֻ˵붯Ե
ӦģȻ޷ԵũׯĻׯޣԼũׯЩ桢Ķˡ
Ź˵СӸƺرԵԺҪȥĳϡжĻСӴһĻǾͲҲҪĶˡ
һЦ˵ԣû⣬һǰᣬҪѵġ
ŹҲЦǵȻû⣬ֻҪСӲ١
νѣȻֻЦ˵ȴģλרүһĻܾ
ңոһ뵽һ顣
Ȼֿûܹ֮ĺ䶯ٷһ֣϶ΪѾ˶ܹĺ䶯
Եռ䣬С䣬Х죬ڱ˵飬ȴܹɵɡ
ûµʱȥֻ֮أѰѰұ϶Ѿ˶ƺһǳ飬Ҳһʮֲѡ񣬻ܹΪҡΪףֱ
ЩĶ
ȻڻжʱҲҪȵ飬ʱһ֮С
ĥ飬Ź䡢λרңռӡݡ
һشķ֣λרҾѧԺͬʱʽ繫һ֡



һǧ˰ʮ νȥģ
ʥ塣
˹Ѿʥһ죬һʱʱڹ۲׳Ÿݡ
һʱѧǣҲ½Ǽ˰˹򰲲˹ʾףأҲ򰲲˹ʾǸ⡣
еѧǶ۾ŹĿſ׳һϡ䡣
ǵһοŵĿ񣬾ֻܻһֻ׳Ѿ㹻˾Եļ
ѵϵ¶԰˹˵ʦֻ׳Ѿ۲òˣǲǿȥ׳ĵطʵؿˣŹѾʵؿ죬Ҳ֪ûʲô֣
˹ͷȷҪȥʵؿˣٵһǾȥһҪٹ۲Сһһ졣ȻѾ죬ʱ伸ʲôջ񡣡
ѧҲͷʾͬ⻰
ܿ죬Ǿ͸ı⡣
ѧԺٴȫ緢һ򹫸棬Ҫ˵Ϻʡ֮пģŹ䡢ġѾش֣Ƿ˲ᳬ10ĳӡݴˣܹԿ϶֤һȷп档
һ򹫸Ȼڵһʱ䣬ʥ˹ڵģһѧǵĶС
ѵϵ¾ȶ˷ܵ˵ʦ⡭⡭ǾȻôشķ֡
˹ŶּΪϲԷѵϵ˵ѵϵ£̾ͳǰϺʡһӵʱҲٵˡ
10ĳӡð˹Ҳβסļ¶
һѧҲͬˣԭƻʥһ죬ڻѧԺ򹫸֮Ҳסˡ
10ĳӡ˵ջʵ̫ˡ
ǶΪһҰֳⷢˡ
ǣȫڵһʱ䣬˻Ϻʡ

ϺʡĻ֮ء
Ź䡢λרң򻪹ѧԺֶ֮Խӡֳȡһıʩ֮˶ԽӡĿ칤
֮Ź˷ܵ˵ǿȷƬ֮Уʱпʵ˷ǳ˷ܺڴͿҲһʮΣյĶȻڻ֪ΣҪСġ
˵ͷһֻ4׸ߵĴһ˳ǱѣǶʮΣյġ
һΪο޳Գ3׸ߣ˫ŵʮ־޴ܹһɱһͷǿ׳ĳʨ
һʮΣյĶ
ߣǿ׳ҲȻҲΣա
ȻڣǾͲκεΣˡ
СһǶԵġ
˵Ƿ򹫸֮ڻʥЩѧǣҲסˣ϶ڵһʱһ⣬ǼܴƬ֮صıԵҪҪХȥǽӵ
ȷһ⡣
˵ЩѧƿûʲôϵûҪȥΪԷǣǶԷ
һεЩ⣬һκЩϵġ
ϾǶΪϣһεĿУʲô⡣
˵ǵΧʱһХȥǡǲԸХæҪԼ߽Ҳǿ
Ź䡢Ķ˾ͷԸܰģȻǿ

ڶ硣
˹ڵһѧǣھͣĸ·֮Ϻʡ֮صΧ
һͷμ临ӵĻĵأһѧǷǳ̾һƬĵ֮Уſ
ѧʮڴ
ȻһʵǰǰĿɼķΧڣξѾ临ˣЩڿĵΣ϶ӵĸӡ
һƬԽĵش
ҲӦǵĹң򻪹ֱɻ֧Ԯѧ˵
ֱɻҲҪֻܵصӰ͸ţֱɻҪĵΣΣֻ²С
Ź䡢ȴȥˣνȥģ
ӦҲǽֱɻɣֱɻСķУӦûġ

ѧǷ׷ײ²⣬һ˽УӦҲǽֱɻ
Ȼ˹ȴ˵ǲûнֱɻ
ûнֱɻѵͽȥģѶȿɲһĴ󡣡ѧ˵
˹ЦЦ˵Ҳͽȥģǿ˵Եũׯмׯޣ
ѧҴȷ˵ǶǴ˵ģšжæػũׯҲд˵еš
˵һѧǰԵͷҲΪġ
˹ȴ˵ǵȷǴ˵ȴʵڵģ˵Ҳţһδ֮աׯĴڣһνƬ֮أһׯ޵
⡭˹˵ĿģһѧЩš
˹ЦȻģԵũׯһʮĵطδ֮ա


һǧ˰ʮ 
˹һ˵һѧǲò˵ͷҲ֪Եũׯһĵطźܶⲻ
ǲû˼ȥԵũׯδ֮գҪӦν뵽ǰĻ֮أ
Ź䡢ļˣѾ淢ˣ10ĿӡҪе飬ʮֵС
˵ҲȥôȥˣڵǣҪνȥ˹ʲô취
˹ЦҲż֮ǰŹ䡢Ķ˾ͺ˵ˣԸĻǽȥġڣӦѾͿҪˡ
ǣôѵǡ˲˵
˹ͷΪʵ˵ڷǳڴڴ˵лׯ޵ģ
ׯ˵𣿡ѧ
ʵȻԸš
ܿ죬Ǿͷ֣ǲòţжôĲԸš
һֻʮ־޴ĵǵҰУԽԽҲԽԽ޴
һѧĿɿڴûܹͣΪʲô᳤ֻ˾޴
޴󣬻һּǿѹ֮У˲ɪɪ
ХıϣŹ䡢ĶˣĿɿڴɪɪģһרңһЦ룬Щһﳹ׵˰ɣһء
ȻλרҲһѧǴʱ˿̵ķӦǳμХʱӦҲЩѧǲࡣ
ЩѧңλרҶʶֻЩϤЩôϤ
ŹЦ˵˹Ǳٷˣ֪ҪǵİôҪ
Х챳ϵŹ䡢Ķˣ˹ڵһѧǣŸеһ˿ȫУܵѹҲƺСһЩ
˹˶ԣҪܹ࣬˵Ź䡢ģܵ˼ȵľţΪ⳥ǵȻҪȥ
Ź䡢Ķ˹ЦһһѧХıϡ
ʮһХıϣȻԵӵֻһѧǵ壬Щɪɪ
֮Хƽɣһѧǣ˻Ұ
һεУһѧ˵עһԶҲ޷ǵ顣
Сʱ֮Х쵽һڵ
ʱһѧǵûƽСʱọ́˵ʵ̫𺳺رˡ
Хչƿգʧ
ֹ˺һ֮һѧǲָ
Ź䡢ĶˣΪ˫˼򵥵Ľܡ
еѧǣڼ˴˵е˸̾и֮⣬׷ʾףغ͸м
ףɹֿ񣬸дʷмһ֣ѧ磬ŷǳ޴Ĺס
ȻҲмȻǿ޷
һһǫӦʾһѧǣǳҡ
һѧֱַءλү໥
صľգһѧȻһ̾
໥ʶ֮һѧǰע˵صĿϡ
˹Ще˵Ź䡢ģʵڷǳȥһǷֵĿӡ֪ڷ𣿡
ЦȻ㣬ʹȥʵϣȷֽӡ˲ǣҲء
ŶѧȫǳĿء
һЦ˵ֽܹӡȫΪ򣬽ȥԣҲֵܹġ
еѧȫ˼ĵ˵ͷ
֮һ˵Щӡڵĵط
ۼЩӡ˹ڵһѧ־ϲھһ۲֮ǵó˺Ź䡢ȫһµĴ𰸡
ôҪ飬ڲſǰ£ҵһƬĿȻͨԿгʱĹ۲죬Կϰԡȣнһо̽
Ҫããڲſǰ£ҵٵĿ񣬲һ׵顣
еѧȴǶ־ԾԾԡ
˹ЦŹȻǲˣȷ˿׳ͳӡ˭ܹȷֳǿɾ˵һˡ
ŹҲЦȷֳʵҲ޷ҲǹҵϷֵġΪ·ֳģпܲǡ
˹ͷף˵ȷпܣ֪ΪΣܸоرԵ
һЦ˵ҼȻͬʱо죬˭ȷֿʵһģ˹Ϊأ
˹ҲһЦ鼫ã˵˭ȷֶһġ
һѧҲͬһ۵㡣
ȻܹͬһֿȻõġ
еѧѾԾԾԡ



һǧ˰ʮ Ҫıǰ·
еѧȫԾԾԣȫһֿ
ҲͬԾԾԣЩ˷ܵߵ˵Ҳȥҿôȡһҵ񡣡
ȡһҵ
ԸĻȻûκε⡣
ΪСæôҵù
ؼûбҪΪһֿˣŤͷ˷ܵģһЦҲãȻѾͷ֮ߣǾͳȫˡ
ɫڰеĻҰ֮ظΣա
ˣѾԾԾԣѰҪȵܹʽʼ
ڣҪƽĶɹһҹ
򵽵˳˿ųˡ

һҹȫĶɹڶ峿ĵһƳ⣬˵֮ϡ
һʰ׵֮ƶ˽ѰĴ·ȻѰʽʼ
ѰΧǰ50ҡ
Դ˲ûڷԲ300ڣûпӰӡ
Բ300ĵطѾСڵĸ֪ΧҲ֪ĸп
ȻˣǾ50ɡ
ڻҰѰĳϡеҰͲһ׵顣
˻һˡȻɢƶ·ǰС
˶ڻҰļܺ;飬ǲõĴҵİȫ
ңÿ֮ľҲԶҶӦ
Ź䡢ĶҲһˣغλүӣƵںš
ҲֺֿܷαôżһҰеĴֿȻһѡ
ȻһѧнٶҲ죬Ϊÿÿмֵͣһ
һ·ϣҰҰʲôģŹЩʳȻˣȻûзŹĵ
ҡλүӣŹЩҲÿһ
λүӶǾ˳˫ȫùȻڻ¡
Щʱ򻹻һԣ·ǳߡ
֣ࡢλүӿҲʮȣҪѹǣҲһ
Ȼ⣬ֻλүӶˣʵǲʺǣȥļҲһԶ
ֱ˼֮λүڨڨİѹǻǿ־ͺá
һ˾ͣͣڻҰ֮дС
˰ʱ֣ϣѡһطͣŸԽķ֣·ߡ
ڶ죬ʰö
࣬һѧרǷ֡죬ٷ֣ٿ졣
ءλү桢ԣ棬ٴԣΪա
˼죬ֱ߾Ѿ˳200ѧҲˣԽԽĹڿӡųõķ㡢ëȵȣЩƺԽԽˡ
һѧԽԽ˷ܺڴ
СҲͻȻԺ𣬡ˣֿټˡ
ˣһԺСС䣬ʲôط˵ضԶжֻ·ǸطǳǸط
СڶϷ򣬽ӽ300ﴦֻܹ񣬶ǳ񣬸ҵĸ֪Щ񳣾ĿԽϴ󡣡
ɫĵͷ˵ѾͷƺѾопˡ
۾Ļɣϲ˵ĸط͹ȥҪЩר֮ǰǡ
Цǲż뻹еԶ300￪ȥˡߣż
УµЩĻˣ300͸оˣ
غǻɵĿһۣ˵ͳɡ
Ҳͣ˵Ѿͷ֪ˡڣҵȥЩר˵˵Ҫ΢ıһǰеķ򡣡
˵꣬ߵŹ䡢Ķǰ˵ϡϣͻȻһָоҶϷ300ﴦֻҪҵĻǰˣӦŶϷǰС
Ź䡢Ķ󣬺ЩɵĿ300ⶼоˣҲ̫˰ɡ
ٺһЦ˵츳ûа취ڤڤ֮ôһָо
Ź䡢ĶЩЦãʲôڤڤ֮ɸоϹ
ֲòϣСӻȷָӦڵ츳Щ˵ȷ츳ѧ޷ͣȷʵ
ôС˵
Ź䡢Ķ˶һۣ˶Է˼Уޡ
ߣϷҲߣΪʲôϷأ
ǣλרүӣһѧټ˼˵ˣ׼ʴҵ



һǧ˰ʮ ڵ
һѧŹ˵Ļ֮󣬾Ƿǳ˼Ŀ
ܹо300пǲ̫һ㣿
һЦ˵ֻһָоѣҲ˵ΪʲôָоָопǶԵģҲпǴģҲ֪𰸡ڴŻǲţͿǸˡ
һ˵һѧֻ˵ͷ˵ĵҲûֻһָоѣǶԵģҲǴġ
оֶͷǳ˭Ҳ˵˶иоУҲС
ڹؼǣҪҪĸоϷǰ
ѧ໥˽顣
ģһѧγ
һΪĸоĸѰѰΪʲôĸоأ
Ҫ֪Ȼֿܹ׳ҲпֳܹЩʱڤڤ֮עѧ޷ͣȷʵ
һΪоϾ̫ˣסǸӦţǸ⼸ĿóĽۣķλӦǶϷ
Ҳ˵ΪԸ߶ϷΪӦü˫ֲࡣ
ԣΪ¶ˣִ֮
ûвֱִŹ䡢ģа˹
ִһ֮󣬻ûнұ㶼Ŀ⿴ˣŹ䡢ġ˹ˡ
˼ԣҪһ
Ź䡢ĶΪǵԸȡ˹ϳģΪڶʮǰɹԤ˿ûʹѧеĵλǰߣҲͬԸȡ
ЦҺȻѡûʲô˵ģͿ˹˼ˡ
˹ҲЦЦ˵ҲѡȻ⼸ķƶϣֿе󣬵Ȼ˵˿ڶϷҾѡ
⡭ּ·ߵģѧ໥俴˿û뵽˹˹ϵģѡ翵ĸо
ʱ˵һ磬ǿ϶Ҫ߶Ϸ·ˣô߿ǧҪԸ߶Ϸ·ߵģͺһȻ·ߵģϾʽˡ
⻰Щּ·ߵѧǷ׷ױʾǻýϵʱ䣬úõĿǡġ
ͷҲͲȥܴôѡˡ
Ը߶ϷģȻӭҪеģҲܹ⡣
Ͼоⶫȷ翣оЩѧǣԼݹ۲ĽҲ

һҹ޻ڶ峿ĵһƳ⣬Ƭԭʱ򣬶Ҫ׼ˡ
΢ЩǣЩҪ·ߵѧǣһ羹Ȼȫı⣬ȻȫʾҪһ߶Ϸ
ûȥЩˣΪʲôһҹ֮͸ı⣿ǼȻҪһߣȻʾӭ
һʰ׵֮󣬶һڳг
ǰеķǶϷ
СĸоЩԶڽ300ĵطҪϺüʱ䡣
ԴˣҲżһ·ϸʱ棬ôԵʱԡ
죬ǰ˴100ҡ
ʱһѧǷֵĹڿµĺۼûǰô࣬òѧﷺֹоȻף·ߵĻ˵Ѿֿˡ
ЩѧֹֹҲڸ·ûϹָӡ
ϾԼѡҪߵģһõĴȦҲֲñˡ
ʱҲСʱЩĶ򣬿ǲĳס
СĽǣʱЩΧڷԲʮ֮ڡ
ЩϲΪѾܹ֤Ǽǳסˡ
֮󣬶Ѿǰ200ҡ
ʱ֮ǰЩֹѧǣֽþϲ˷ܡ
ΪʱǷֵĿµĺۼͻȻֱöڸĵ֮ǰֵĺۼҪࡣ
ɱѡ߶Ϸľȷġ
ڣǣҲƺܹоǰĲԶ֮ˡ
һѧǣԽԽڴ
֮磬ҲЩ˷ܺڴˡ
ΪСԺǼֻľ룬Ѿֻ10ˡ
˵ѾͷߣҴȥ񡣡
ϲڵ˿ĵطĸ𣿡
ͷЦȻѾܽˣʹȥ
æֱͷߴϽߡ



һǧ˰ʮ ֳ
شߴϽߣʾԵһ¡
ѾɢģһѧǴ˵ϡϣ˹λѾ֪ʲôطˣھҪȥҿˡ
˵֮ȥһѧǵķӦص֣еһ첽ȥ
һѧǣȫո˵Ļﶼ΢΢һȫ룬Ѿ֪ڵ׼ȷλˣ
һѧǲ£һ˵ոĸȥˣ
һָһ˵ǸҸոǡĺ棬ú
мͬʱʵѾ֪׼ȷλ𣿡
ŹЦЦ˵˭֪أҾĺ档
ҲӿڵҲĺ档
˵֮λ˵ķӦոߵķ򣬿첽׷ȥ
û˹˵Ҳ档
˵֮󣬰˹ҲŹ䡢Ķ˵󣬼뿪
ʣµһѧ㿴ңҿ㣬ƺһԥҪҪҲȥ
һС֮һ˵ߣҲȥûзֿӦҲ˶ʱ䡣
⻰˵Ҳȫͷ
ǣڰ˹֮ʣµһѧҲȫȥ

Ұ֮Уض˽ŲҴҡ
˵ѾͷҪһ㣬ȻǾ׷ˡ
ġǡȻָһѧǡ
֮ǰ˵ΪһѧܹǣֻҪΪȷֳ˾Ϳˡ
ڿֿ죬ûʲôȤؾ͸ûȤˡ
ȻҲרҵ
Ȼˣȷֿ֮󣬽飬ӦýЩѧˣȻҪҲֿ
ȻЩѧǲĻûиҲûйϵ֮ȥǹҲˡ
ֻֿԺСЩѧǣʮа˾ǻġ
ԣΪӦ߿һ¡
Ȼ˼ӿ˽Ų˵ǿЩߣɲܵǰȥˡ
Цô˼

10ľ벻Ҳ̣ټϻҰ֮еθӣнѣ˵ӿŲʵҲ첻˶١
Ȼֻһ˵Ļܹһǰ
һСʱ֮ͻȻͣ˽Ų˳Ҳסأһơ
̱˷ܣ˵򣬵𣿡
û˵ָһԼ
ѾµʲôˣԵ˷ܣ˳ָķȥ
ֻһۣ鲻Խġۡһ
ʮ֮ĵطԼԼܹĲӣ泤һССԴԴЩ
֪ǿԴԴ
Ƭ֮Ѱôãڣڿŵĳˡ
ңȷֳˡ
֪Ȼ˵Ҫȷֳ񣬾һܹ
طǳ˷ܣҲͬЩ˷ܣĿĻû
֮ǰΪǸСһϵһֻ
ĻҲѾʮˡ
ʮ֮ĳип
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Ȼȫϰƶϣǰֻ߾Խӽ4ףһء
һ¼ĸдĹֻͣЩԲס񣬺úõϴλã˵ûûˡ
ض˶ڰСĵĹ۲ԶĿָоΪ⡣
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Ȼܶһѧǵ񣬻˵ͷָָ󷽡
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һѧҲ˼˲ñ֮ǰҪ˷ܺͼҪ׷ȥַǳŪĶ̫󣬰ѿˡ
֮ǰо֪Ȼߴǿ׳ֲӦñȽСܵһ㾪žͻתӿ
ԣһѧΪ˲ŵǿסҪ첽׷ȥĳ嶯ѡŵĸȥ
һС·֮󣬿ضǰͣһѧпѾʶǰܹˡ
СĿ˳ָķСĿȥֻľͷԼԼĳһѧǵ߷Χ֮ڡ
ǣƵĿڳˣ׼ȷĸӦ˿λãһѧǵ飬עþ޷ƽ



һǧ˰ʮ 뿪֮
һѧǵģעþ޷ƽڹ۲һԶֻ֮Сԭ·һ·̡
֪˿λãǽоƶӦĹ۲ƻȻʽжԿĿ졣
ڣǲûʼоƶƻǻҪȵ鳹׵ƽ
Ź俴Ű˹ЦǺǵ˵˹ô˵һֿˣǰɡ
˹鼫ãҲЦ֮ǰֿ׳ִ֮Ƿ˳еĹˡ
һѧ֮Ҳò˵ͷ˹˵ʵȷǵĹˡ
Ҳ˵֮ǰֿ׳һ£һεĻҰ֮УİҪһƬ򣬾ԻἫΪѡ
ĵУǾûôҵ˿֮أһֱҲ
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ȻھԻڻҰ֮мѰҡ
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˰˹Ļ֮˵˹ˣֿܷҲһֻԵֻԵңҲǣ˵ʲôˣ
˹ҡҡͷȻԼ˵ǫ˼䡣
֮˵Ǹշֻ񣬲֪Ƭһжֻ񣿡
Ź䡢˹һѧǣҡҡͷȫ˼ʮԡ
ЦЦ˵Ҳ˵׼Ӧû塢ֻɡԶûĿ棿ǾͲö֪ˡ
һѧ󣬾ǻ˵ͷ֪ΪΣڶĻǳΡ
˵ƬӦ塢ֻȫûлɡ

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ƽ֮󣬴ҿʼƬ񿼲ˡ
СʱۣŶ˳ļƻš
ݳļƻţѧҪƬµʱ䡣
غλүӣȻܴôõʱ䡣
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һѧԼˣѧǽ죬Ҫ뿪Ƭ֮صʱǲХǰЭѧ뿪
ʼҪգȻѧƬȻҲҪ뿪
Լ֮ĵڶ峿غλүӣʽһѧǸ
֮ХٴغλүӣƬ֮صıԵȥ
ʮĻҰΪĴڣûκεΣգһȤغλүЩ᲻뿪
ЦҪԺǻҰ֮أȥһҲˡ
غλүӾ۾һȷһ⡣

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ֳ̷ֿ׳֮ڻҰ֮У˳񣡡
ٳɷֳһˣϤҹϺʡпѧѧǣѾɹֳ񡣶һֳˣ

˻ý֮⣬ҵý壬Ҳͬ˴ı
񱻷֣ڻϺʡпѧѧǣɹҰⷢ˳񣡡
ԵũׯׯĴ»ڼֳɷֳһˣ

ڹýǲͣıڹǣȻҲڲͣۡ
ǹڵѣǹѣΪֳΪֳһһ¸̾ѡ
ڸ֮̾һ⣬ܹɹֿȻԵũׯׯݣԼıйء֪Ժ󣬻᲻ָᷢģѧΪѾ˶Ȼ˵ĲѾ˺ܾõԶŶڿ֣϶ΪڽִĶ
һ˲ǼȤ׷׶Դ˱ԼĿ
㻹˵Ϊĺܡʵϣܶ౻϶ΪڽִĶ治һˡϾôкܶط඼Եִָ߿Ƽ豸̽飬Ҳδȫ׼ȷ˵ĳ޷ִĵطĳֱΪѾ˵Ķ
ȷֿԸоĲСͨԵִĵط˵ȴ⡣
ûܹȥ˼ĵطҵ϶ΪѾ˶Ǹһ




һǧ˰ʮһ 齣齣
ϣǵۻڼ
һ˵ҺȻԴ˳ڴܹٷһ֣ΪѾ˶Ǿʵ̫ˬˣ
ҲڴؼҪûȤȥˣ
֪ֿ׳ȥѰҵģΪֻԵɺϷֵģ
Ͳ֪ˣֻҪԴ˱ڴͿˡ
ǱڴǱ൱ڴ
û൱ڴ˵죬ͻͻȻȫһϲ
ΪֿԲСҪ֪Եũׯׯֶνв֮Ե
ֻҪ൱ڴͺˡ


ʥ塣
أԼλүѾص˴ӡ
ʮʱвٵοͶרΪ׳Թο͡
Сһ10ʱҲѾ˲٣ԭֻгĸСȴѾñȳ죬Ҫһˡ
ǰСһһп
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һ츳Ǳߴٷ־ʮţܳɳΪ޵ļһȻҪ鵤
ֻǣʳ鵤֮οҪټСһûôˡ
ϾСһҪɳΪ޵ĶƸҪеģôܹ׵οǿأ
ڻкܶοͣרΪСһٵοͣھСһ뵽ռɳǲЩ
ϾСһʥ飬ȫ綼֪ôҲӦСһһʱ䲻ǣ
ĥһ֮󣬾ٹʮ죬Сһ鵤

߹ڿֵ÷з齣齣Ѿص˴֡
齣齣޾ˣּΪϲƷ
ѰԲ̾
ڡ齣齣صʱ˵νʹš
Ȼָࡣ
ڣʹ໹ǿ֣Ѿˡ
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Ѱ԰˵ʲôƶ˺ȹû˺ȹϲơ
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Ѱ˵Ϊϲ̫ˡ
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齣齣һɾͷǳߵƷлӹΪС˵磬һƷ



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֮⣬໹ڶǣҲ΢ϷԼĽ
貨дѰΪѰΪʫ֮ʣһʹģֵȥѰ
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һд齣齣Ľֻãȴ˸ˡ˵Ĳǡ齣齣Ľ֣ǹӹһƷᡣϣһֱйӹƷء

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ԣܶ˶ǳС˵粻ûйӹС˵
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ǰճ˵ӹֲǸϲճƵˣǰ˵ҲͬǷǳпܵġ
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˵ͷֵ⻰ûдǾٵȵȡԸϢҪϢ

칫ҡ
һҲͬǳ̬ת֮ǰ֪ӹܾʹ˷С˵һ˷ܵıӹˣС˵ˡ
ڣֻϣٶ࿴һӹС˵
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ϣܹһ϶Ĵ𰸡
Ȼȴҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ϣС˵ٴһҲá
ûеõ϶Ĵ𰸣һȻ



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һһͬҲͬǳܹٿӹС˵ƷֻһҲá
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ʵϣʱѾȥΪԶ˸ӵĸˡ
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貨ͬп˵ȷӹؽԶЦһ仰˵ȻѾڽȴĴ˵һ仰ͳ֮ڣĳλġڣһ仰ԼϣҲٺʲ

־硣
һ૵ЦһĽ֡Ըһ죬ҲܹһʸЦ
ЦЦ˵СƣҪԷƱĿǰȷǼ̹ӹ֮пʸЦˡҲҪʸЦȻֻùӹһЦδҲ̫įһ㣬ӹҲȻϣֻһЦԣΪӹһ֣ΪһƷҲйǣͬһЦ⡣
һ񻺻˵ͷֵһģһ죬ҲҪһЦ

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Цӹһ֣ΪһƷ֣ʮԵġҲΨйӹʸȡ
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ԡߣԼһ˵ȻʮźǹӹһС˵ˣǻܹٿһӹС˵
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ܶԸӵ˷ܣʵǸϲ֮ǰַ



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˵Ĺ֮ȥϢµĽ㣬Ҳ»صƽ֮ϡ
ƽ֮װΪһӣȺУۣܲΪһЩԭ򣬱׺ע⵽׺Ȼûϳƽ֮ȴںƽ֮˭
ľ߷ƽ֮ľ߷塢׺ԼһЩ֮䣬һϵеĹ¡

µڻصƽ֮ϣӦøеΪ˷ܲŶԣ֪ΪΣǵԺȴǻ᲻Ļ֮ǰЩ¡
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貨ȻǣôȻͲˡ
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֮һ΢ƺЩ̫ףصĿǰΪֹġЦУɽɵĴʦ壬ΪλƵƵƽ֮ķͷԭʵܼ򵥣ΪǡЦǡƽ֮ӦҲһҪǡ
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ڡǡصʱǾΪžǣȻΪŴɽǣֱ˺þ֮󣬴Ҳŷ֣ô޼ɲǡ
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ڣǵĻҾ;޷ȥˡ
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ԣͻȻʮֽţʮֿǡ
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ô嵽ûΪĹؼΪ˶ʮֽš
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һڡЦеʱǱͽţǺܺ»ῴ˵Ϣ
ĻǻἫȵʧѹûҪʧѹ

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ǺһЦ˵ЩƺЩţǶǵжϣȫѽ
貨ҲһЦ˵ҲΪΪΪǵжϣŻĽšΪǵжϣǲŻἫȿǣҲŻ˵Ľš
ͷֵҲȷ˵ֻǣȫûбҪţһġ
貨ǽҲʵҲɣȻоԵİգ岢û߱Ͼǹӹʵۿ岢ûϢǲȫĵġ
ЦЦ貨Ļûзԣֻ˵裬ʵҲһ
貨ͬûзԡ

־硣
ʵСƣΪǻ𣿡
һ⣬ҪȥĦͷӹ˼·
ѾϸˣֱӴ࣬ʵ˵޷͸ӹĴ˼·ĿǰǵĿԣȷܴҪƽ֮ǵĿԴ󡣡
ͷ˵ҲΪģһڡЦֵӣ𰸺ܿͿԽˡ
һһڵġЦѾˣ࣬ھͿȥҴˡ
ЦЦ˵ͷ

ͽһȥҴˣСЦĶߣȥҴˡ
𰸺ܿͽˡ
ڴֳһصСŮֽ̡
һϵеĳͻ֮̽մһҼԺ˵һ˷ǳصˣǸ֪ʬ
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ʬŪˣһֱʮĺѹ֪֪ʬʲôطȻ޷ˡ
ԣ֪ԺֵطԲӦģˡ
úɽɵʥҩΪǸ˵ˡ
ΪǸ֮ȴϲķ֣Ǹ˵˲ǱˣΪѾ˵塣
ˣ𰸽岢û
еȫһŵģҲ˲ƽ
ֱüΪ˷ܡ
ΪȻ岢ûǾͼܹٷ֮ٵĿ϶ˡ



һǧ˰ʮ 
ǲͽţǱüΪ˷ܡ
ǿǵԸڱΪʵ
ϣΪ۷׷ס
̫ˣһͼܹٷ֮ٵȷˡҷǳԸѲ嵨
ȻûʽԸѾֵΪˣӡ󣬾Ѳ
ǣŮӦþɺˣ֮Ĺ·ǳڴ
ûз֣ӹⲿЦƺûȷʱǹڽ顣
ⲿƷŽЦһģֻµƷ
ȷ֮ҶⲿƷڴˡ
Ҳǣ̫ϲԸˡ


ʱѧί칫ҡ
ɫ΢΢һЦɣûɣͲҪΪ鵣
貨ƣҲһЦ˵ȷҪġ

־硣
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ЦСƣҲ˵ԷƱڵʵӰʵѾʵĳˣôĻ
һͷҪԡ

һǣʱҲͬǳп
Ȼǣһαӹɹƭȥˡ
ƭˣȴǳ˷ܣǳҹӹƭǡӹ֮дĽ
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ˣȥ˵ӹС˵ˣǻ˵صЦɡ


ʥ塣
ϣǵۣһЦ֪˭𣿡
ЦǰӹүӣС˵֮һǽӹүӺڵƷ
ֵļԦµϣȷѾﵽһ֣¯ࡢ뻯ĳ߾磬ȳ¡
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УԸصΪͻѲԼƫƫɵĽɣ˼һԼ
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˼⣬ΤС˼ɣǷ˼Ѳ
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Цһﵽ۷ƷѡЦΪӹһƷⲿƷɾ֮⣬ΪЦ
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Ȼδｭ֮ںʵʱԻѾ㹻ˡ
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ҲѹַȺΪĿɻɽɸĽҲͰˣػ˵խ
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ȺȻʦǲϲܸо˱һƬòȻǫǫʵȴδôһ¶
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塢Ⱥƽ֮ˣƽ֮ԪԼҡ
Ϊ֮ʣǡߣϻԣתƽ֮
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ԪԸӡȺˣֻǰѰα
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١ХȻλùڳԴ࣬տʼʮɬȴ١
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λùõĴԽԽҲԽԽϲһˡЦ
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һȳѾԣףһе䡣
ԪڨڨǸһ粨ڽ
ǵģһαЦò
ҪЦԸøӵǿҡ
ȻЦǹӹ鹹ģܹдһЦǾܹˣ
ǵ۾ȶ
ô˭ܹΪдһЦ



һǧ˰ʮ Ը
˭ܹΪдһЦ
д𰸡
˵һˣܹдЦôǸһ
⣬Ҳ֮⣬һЩˣӦҲܹдһΪǲġЦ
Ҳ˵ǵʶֻдġЦġЦ
ôڹؼǣǷԸΪдЦ
ǶԴˣʵұ̫
Ϊ綼֪׵Ĵ֣Ҫ´ƷһҪԵġ
Եδһ˵ǲܴƷģһƷֻҪӵʱ䡣
û˻һ㡣
Ҳȫûпܣܵؾڹӹ
֪ӹĹϵܲһ㣬ǹӹæһסЦӦòܾ
֮ǰ˾йⷽĺӾ硶Ӣ۴Ѫġġ
λŵ֣Ѿλ˼ѻ
ڣٶ֣ٶһѻҲǲܡ
뵽۾پϣ
ôҪģҪùӹ֪ǿЦǿԸ
ӹǵԸǿңпܾͻʵԸ⡣
ңӹܹǵǿԸ磬Ҳܹͬ
ҲһǵĻԵ㹻ΪдһЦ
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ǣǼϣԼӹ΢ԸҪЦǿԸ
һʱ֮䣬ǼԸΪϵɡ
ӹˣˣһּǿˣˣҲͬˡ
һûпЦǣͻȻô࣬ҪЦǿеʮֵɻ
֣ʲôôͻȻ֮ôͬʱԸ˵ҪʲôЦЦʲô˭¸ⲻӦðû˵ʲôЦ
֪ЩͻȻһðģԸƺʮֵǿҡ˹ˡ
ЦҼǵùӹصС˵ͽЦ֪ûʲôϵ
ӹصС˵ˣȷЦңǹӹһС˵ˣˡЦҪʽС˵ˡ
ԶԣҲˡȻĻǡЦӦú͡ЦйزŶԡ
Ҹոȥһ£ȷйء˵ڡЦС˵Уһ׽ЦͬӡС˵棬˺׳ģƿžӡԣЩǣʮֿܹһӡ
ԭô˵ЩϣˣܹдһЦˡȥƺǳ˼ӡ
Цǹӹ鹹ӣұ֮ΪžӡһӣҪʵедѶǿá졯ݡһ˹붼롣
ѶȾԵ죬һ˵ѡ
˵һǵȻ֪ؼǣ״ЩһԸ֣̫һ㡣
ֻǵԸ֣Եȷ󡣵ҪˣЦǹӹƷӹĻֻ¾Ͳˡ
ˣԭЩԸҪùӹ֪ǵǿԸȻùӹ档Ⲩ԰
֮⣬ҹʵвʮּҡֻΪ̫ҫۣԵͨǵʵʵҲǿΪЩԸҲǿԵġ
ЩǲûеԸ˵еּԸּǣҪץסᣬչʾһԼʵȻҲǿԵģЩҲʮ־ϲ
ͻȻ˼ΪǿҵȤЦҲ֪᲻ּңԸдһӣ
Ҳ˺ܴȤҪ׵Ĺע顣⣬ҲͻȻ׽Цӡ
ĳִһסЦĻǼֱ̫ˡ
йӹĻԵȷܴ֮ڿʼǾһֱע飬Ϳˡ
ȻԵ¸裬ûּңҳ洴һЦҲǷǳ˼ֵڴġ
ôʱʱ̹̿עķչɡ




һǧ˰ʮ 
۵ϵԸҲһּǵȤ
ЦⲿƷеּǶ֪һּһ׷Ҳʵԡ
ӹƷ鹹ġЦȻ
Щû׷ЦּǣҲȥˡЦУص½ڡЦǰ£Ҳͬǳ˽ˡ
ôڹؼˣôǵͬʱԸҪҪԴһ
һδĸõǵϿɣһʹǵӰõ
Ҫ֪ӹӰѾټϡЦǹӹķ֮Ӱ
ּܶʮ⶯ڻֻ⶯
ΪÿһλּǶ֪Ҫ봴ǶϿɵƷѶȼ
ֱ죡
ܶ˶ûġ
һּǣǵĽȦ顣
ûᣡûᣡһûᣡʮֵ⶯
ǾԵĺûᣬϧѶҲ̫һ㡣ҿ϶ֻĿŻˡ
ϸоһ£ӹڡЦѶȿܱеĻǽʿ磬ħʿдģһһаˣӦĶֲŶԣȴΪ֪׳һ׿µӡôһһӽЦЦЦ˵ɺ飡鹹ףҪʵĴѶȿ֪
ķֻ˵˴ӵһѵ㣬вٵѵ㡣Ҫ硢ˣӽЦĺ֮⣬ҪǣзǳǿҵСеȵȡ֮ѣѰ죡
ڴ˵ȷ죬Щ˵ûôˡ֪֮һξͲȥ׳ˣھ֪˭ȥһ£
εջ֮󣬿϶˻ȥԵġǲ֪ûȤ˵ӦúѶȡ
λ˵ջ˵ûκεջˡҹȤ󡣡
֪ԵһпܻᴴҲпܲᴴ
ϵˣ˵еĴڣǿɲ²ⲻ͸뷨˵Ҿһ˭ȥԴһ
ҾȺܻȥ


ʱѧί칫ҡ
ǼԸ飬貨ҲΪĸȤ
ҪЦԸͬʮǿҡ
˵裬˵һλּǣһ׸𣿡
貨ƾӹ͡ЦӰ϶зǳּҶȤֻҪһ׸Ѷȼ󣬴󲿷ֵּǣǶֻ̾ʣּǣ϶᳢Դǲ֪ǴƷûЦĸоǣȤһס
ԴȤĻȻ
貨һεġЦǳֵڴѾЩȲˡ
ЦЦֵĿԴˡ

־硣
һһп˵û뵽ӹ鹹һӣȻ֮ӰԹͬԸüеּǴӹķ֮Ȼƽ
ӹصƷһƽˣڸȤǣЩּǣ׻ᴴʲôƷ
һԳ֣ΪǻǲҪ̫ϣá
ǣȤ𣿡
һҡͷ˭֪أ

ʥ塣
ȻǵԸԼЩּǵ¼ۡ
ЦûУǰͬûӡ
ӱͽӹү鹹һӡ
ǰʱ˺ΰΪͰӾ硶ЦһСЦ֮
ǺΰıԹŵ֡䡷һЦĸо
ӲҲЦ
ԣӵ֪Ȳ
֪ӵˣܶҲΪΰӣ־ͽ䡷
ʵģ䡷Ӧý䡷ϱʱʦӣдǹɲׯµķ
ΰǽӣġЦ֮
ʵǰʱ˵Ц뵽ģһӣ˵һ׸
Ǿǻմġ׺һЦ
׺һЦҪԶԶڡЦ֮ںܶ˵Ŀ׺һЦġЦ
ҲͬΪġ
׺һЦĽͳ̡֣ǡ硢졣
һڸߴȴ̹ȻǿЦ



һǧ˰ʮ үҪݽɫ
׺һЦġЦҪ紴һסЦĻ׺һЦ϶ѡ
ڣôڼԸԴҲǳעȻ⽫׺һЦ
ڹؼǣҪķʽ
ĥ⡣
ֻǳһ׵ĻЧȻҲȻﲻЧ
ҪﵽЧҪһƵMV֮ǰӴ桷ƵMVһ
ҪƵMVǻҪһ׼ݡ顢Աһ١
⣬໹вٵּԾԾԣҲȤܹʲôƷ
ôƵMVڼ䣬ÿּǴƷ
ĥЩ⣬һԵ˵ʲô飬롶Ц𣿡
ЦЦ˵ȷȻ飬Ȼɨҵ˲ǡ
۾һ˵𣿽ʲôʱ׼˭ݳ
Ѿͷ벻ϲô˷ܸɶ
һֵ˭˵ҲϲˣҾϲ˵ʲôʱ
Ѿ˹˼ҪĻҲһСʱ顣ؼҲ򵥵ĳһ׵׼һƵMV
ƵMV۾ֵ֮ǰӴ桷𣿡
ͷԣ֡ԣҪһʱ䡣
صûϵƵMVЧȷҪֻһ׵Чõöࡣ
ʱ֣ࡢҡλүӣҲע⵽ض֮ĶԻ
ƺ뵽ʲô۾ͻȻЩеĵСӸո˵㴴ġЦҪƵMV
˿Щɻ󣬲ΪʲôͻȻЩӣǻش԰ҵȷġôˣϡ
ֵȻҪMVӦþ˰ɣ
ǲ̫˼ȷ⻹һЩʹ
һЦԵøˣ˵Сӣ㿴ң˵ȥMVĽɫô
Ľɫ˼ˣЩ⣬ȻԴ˸Ȥ
Ŀ
֮ǰû⣬Ҳû뵽ôȤ
ϸһ룬Դ˵ȤʵǷǳġ
С˵ĸдԲ١
ԡԽŮճһһߵڣС˵ĵλԽԽߣгԽԽ٣ĸдֻ±κ˶Ҫ
ڣЦС˵ķ֮šЦĲأÿһ£Ҳͽһ£ʲôĸдֻһ֪
϶ⲿƷУһӡԶ֮ȥᣬԶѪҺ
ڡЦMVУһɫȻһʮֲѡ
ԣŻ˵ĸ˺˷ܡ
Ȼ׿黳̸MVгݽɫ鱾ҲʮֵȤʮֵĺ棬˵Ҳʮֵջ
ھͺ档
ЩͷԺһ
뵽һǣһʮֲ⡣
ȣֻMVҪԱжྫտݼĵط˶ļξˡ
Σ⣬ΪС˵ĵߣС˵һˣԳݡЦMVеĽɫʹáЦһַǳ塣
ӶҲʹùӹķ֮Цһַǳ壬С˵һˣڵС˵һ֮ײ
ײֻһΣȴܹ㡣
۾ֻһɻΪʲôѡʿ磬Ҫѡħʿ
̲סʵϣΪʲôҪһǣһǣ
һЦ˵ҾϲɫΪħˣȴи߽࣬¡ң˵ĺ൱У٣紵Ҹϲ١
ðɡͷʾˡ
ֵСô࣬û˵ҵܲܳһأ
ЦȻ˵ȤҵȻ֮ˡһһʡȥԱ鷳
˷ܣЦ˼˵ãããǾôˡ
ʱ֣Ҳ۴ȤΪŨ񣬵ȴƽģЦǺǵ˵ȻҪһǣҾһǺˡСӣģݼɱöˡ
֣˵֣Ϊոע⵽֣ɫ൱⶯
֣⶯ҺҲʮ⶯
ֻǣҺλүӵ⣬ʺԱݳӫĻϡ
Ȼֻҷǳź˵ҪҺյ⣬ҲҪȥ¶һ˵ݼΪұǶҪá
һЦ˵ءգûˣúõĵھͿˡ
֣ҲЦǰ͵Ǿʵıݰɡ
ҡλүҡҡͷʮֵź



һǧ˰ʮ С͵ʢ
ҡλүʮźҲЩź
λүܹһһϷʮֵȤ
ֻϧҡλүֻܹΪڡ
֣ҪһǣȻҲ֮ͬãҲ˵֣Ӱܸͬߣ֣Ϸһ£;ΪȤ
ؼ֣λүӣҪԳ磬Եƺ֣˻Ҫ˷ܣЦ˵ϡ֣ϣϷɲһ׵飬Ҫ׼Ŷ
ЦѾͷרҵԱȻҶҵݼţ㻹ǿԴһЩϷļɸҡȻҪǴڸ֣ݼûҵĺá
֣æϷǿɶͷһ⣬˭ݼãǿɲһɲҪ̫Ҹоһ㡣
ֵʱ֪ˡ
Ц˵ѽѽǵϷʣʱʲôľҡ
֣ͬʱͷãǾ˵ˡ
ŹԱ⣬ǡ
⣬ҲMVг֣ﻹҪһԱ
ˣӯӯҲһƲĳһ¡
Ըٵķʽ֡
ΪӯӯҲˡЦȻЧ硢˵ĺᲢۣȷˡ
С˵صĿǰΪֹҲ֪һˣˡЦǱ̳Ϊùáš
MVʱǿһŮڸٵࡶЦȴֻ֪һλܹࡶЦ
һ֪ķӦ
ǳȤΪڴ
⣬ҲǸǰһԤ棬ǣλʵһ㶼ϣǷ͡
ܷµǿľһƳŮλţ
Լˡ
ӦܹµȻͬ⣬˷ԣǳ֡
ԣҪһԱӯӯһǣȻֻǾһƳҲҪԱǡ
ôӯӯԱѡ˭ҪصĿһ¡
֮⣬ҪһЩԱǺð죬ЦеԱ
⣬ĵص㣬Ҳ׼ȥ졣
MVȻֻж̶̼ӵʱ䣬ҪЧҪŬҲǼġ
ԺЩͷ֮Լλүӻ˵ǽ׼һǰʡЦҡ
ʲôط㣬ҲҪȵЦȥ
֣λүȥˣҡλүȻҲҪȥ
ȻȥϷȴܹȥֵġ

ص˼򿪵ԣ½ӹ΢
ϴ˳΢Сʱʱ䣬֮ࡣ
ңԸҪЦġ
пǿҳ̶ȣɼһߡ
Ҳǵ˼ǲҪӹһסЦϣӹܹ棬һסЦ
ЦЦǲ֪ʵͬһˣƽ˼Ȥ
ڣÿԸһظˣôõθڣѾ㹻ˡ
ǣùӹ΢һϢ
˵ǳлҶԡЦϿɺͿ͸һϲôҾڴ
΢ûȷָᴴһסЦ˵ȴѾ㹻ˡ
ڹϣӹȻ˵˻͸һϲȻġЦˡ
Ǻ˷ܣ۷׷ס
ӹڷˣоϲһġЦˡ൱ڴ
ӹĹϵȻͬһ㣬ӹһ棬ʹӦˡ
ҲᴴЦΪӹԭ򣬶һǵĻԵ㹻Դ˺ȤȻҲ˵ӹ治УţԴûȤֻҪӹˣ϶ҲǻӦһġ
٣ΪʲôأڵصǣҲᴴһסЦʵ̫˼ˡ
˵ûȻ֮ǰѾкüλּǱʾǶᴴһסЦǵƷܺƷᲢۣȻҲ˵ǵƷͲСʵϣҲʵɵּңƷֵڴģֻǲܹƷȰˡ
ţЩּǵƷȻܹƷȣҲȷֵڴƷǰһּǵƷƺҲΪһΣһС͵ʢ硣
С͵ʢ磿˵úáлЩּǣҪлһεʢ磬ʵڴ
ЩʼɣѾȲˡ




һǧ˰ʮ 
ǿ˹ӹ΢ȻҲͬ˹ӹ΢
һּһԵ˷ܣԵΡ
˷ܵǣܹһƷȻҲּңͬʱҲķ˿
ƷܹϼܣܹѧܶĶ
ʵϣÿһƷǷо۹ֱڣǶڷѧϰʼƷ
ֻϧƷʵ̫ˣǼΪĲ񫡣
ڣֽƳһµƷȻʮ˷ܡ
ңһεǳ⡣
֮ǰǾͷ۹һεġЦĴѶȼ󣬼ֱ졣
Ѷȣô󲿷ֵּȴֻʣ¼ٵ˻һţ׼ȥһ¡
һ׼ѴƷּҺ֪һʲôĿ
ǾΪѣЩѣûκεѶȣ
Ҫ֪𰸣մƷϣӦܹһ
ƷȻߣǴӦþǣûκεѶˡ
ԣ׼ҪһסЦһּǼΪ˷ܡ
˷֮࣬ЩΣǶЩ׼һסЦּ˵
ΪȻҲҪһôƷעǾԵĽġ
ǵƷעֻܳΪĵҶˡ
ȷһЩε顣
Ҳδûкô
ȣΪƷԭεСʢ磬϶ߵöĹעȣΪҶƷҲؽøߵĹעȡ
Σһ뵽Ҫ̨ͬἤǵǱʵˮ׼ߵƷ
ƷһСʢĵΣҲͬ
ģΪִеһʱǶǺּ̨ͬңƺһˡ
壬ڴ̨ͬķϣһǵƷһǾԵǳ
Щ׼һּǣһ뵽ȻôĺôͻȻֲ֮ˣʣµֻ˷ܺڴ
ЩѾȴּǣҲ뵽ƷЩôǵͻȻ֮ԽԽȡ
Ȼ֮ĺôΪʲôҲһ
һûϵؼĻˣͲС
ڵ֪ҲᴴһϢ֮㴴һּǣûм٣ˡ
էһϳ
˵Щּǣڵ֪ҲᴴһϢ֮ӦѡŶԡ
ԣ֪ҲҪһϢ֮㴴һּǵ֮ʱһʱȫеǳĲ˼顣
ܶ˶ֹǸֵˣ˼άǺͨ˲һ
ֱֺôҲϴ֮ĺܶ˲ŻȻ
ԭˣ
ϸһ룬ĻЩּ˵ˣľûˡ
ǣܶ룬Ǹֵˣ˼άתÿ졣
ɴҲԿƷӰֻ֮һҪһƷϢѾֽĺ䶯
ȻҲͬĺ䶯
ӹġЦӰѾǳֲˣļ룬ӰǶ֪Ӧݴˡ
޲̾
ڸ̾ͬʱֶһεСʢ磬޾ڴ
УڴƷȻƷ

ڶ죬峿ʥ塣
ء֣ࡢҡؼ˳ǰʡǡ
·ϣЩĶ˵ѾͷӰôǲ൱˧
ز֪Ӱ˧ʲôϵӰ֮ҲʮֻϲȴƲƲ죬˵ٵˣֵԽߣƷҪԽߣȻٶһЩʧҿӰδȫһ¡
Ц⵹ȷҲ֪ٴˣһ΢һЩʧˣѾͷɶ
һ룬ҲȷֻƷĺܶƷƳ֮ǰʮڴûһʧ΢ʧûС
ֻǣɶʱˣ϶ǲܳϵġ
ǣءСһ˵Ҳûеء
һۣЦЦ˵

Цҡ
ܷܷЩ˷ܺڴ˸ô֮Ҫˡ
ȻһΪ㡶ЦMVվ˲ǡ
˷ܺڴ֮⣬ܷܷЩΡ
ҵˣȫԼʱĲܲˡ
ΪһҪMVܷܷǻǲѾˣԼôһ乤ҡ
Ҫ˭׵ϰ壿ܷܷһԥĻش



һǧ˰ٰʮ Ļ
˵ȷεϰ壬ѾܳʱûЦˡ
ڼҲûйʹҵ飬жǩԼˣжپԱжԱȵȣȫ
ܷܷҪ㱨ҵȴ˼Ҳû㱨ʾܷܷڣʲôġ
ܷܷȸжΣ׵ϰ壬Ͼֻһˡ
ڣ׵ϰˡ
һ˵Цҡ
˺þòܷܷƯĻãЦǺǵ˵ܷܷλүǵһǵĹңҸ˴ǺúõϤһ¡
ܷܷӦһЩ۵ĿһֹۣԼҲû𣿡
ܷܷ֮һԱλүϤңҲһ
λүӺظŹԱ뿪ֵܷܷ֮ϰ壬εѾˣھ𣿡
ͷھһʱȽϽҪץʱ䡣
ЦҵǩԼݣϴΡμǡӾģλ֮һ
ڡμǡ֮½һЩƷѾܹһˡ
ԣִһεMV㡣
֮ǰҪԼ뷨ϸĸ˵һ顣
һμ˷ܡַǳ˵ÿһ֣ø棬©һ֡
̸֮θ뿪Ҫȥ齨ԼľŶˡ
һҪ󾡿㣬ҵһʱ䡣
֮ֱַ˶λԱǹҵǩԼԱȷӯӯİߡ
ӯӯİߣǳɹڵӾ硶Ӵ桷һǵС¡
СɵӾ硶Ӵ桷֮Ľ£ǩԼЦҡ
С֮ȻȲأҲǾԵŮˡ
ӯӯһǣܹеˡ
⣬ҪЧ
һǵԱ񣬸ոǩԼЦҲãӫĻϻûʲô
񲢲һé®ԱѾ˺ܶϷˣһʵɵԱʼǲȥʼնǡ
֪ԼȱĲʵǻԣͨһϵе̣ЦңϣܹЦҵõ
ڣĻˣñҪö࣬Ҫöࡣ
ԣڵ˷ܺͼ֮⣬ʮֵĽŲ

ȷ˵ݺԱ֮һ뿪˹ңҪȥѡĵص㡣
뿪֮Ҳʱ䣬齨˾Ŷӡ
һΡЦMV㹤ʽ

ߵ㹤ʽһСʢۣʼղֹ
һּڴƷ˳ڴƷ֮⣬ЩҪһ׵ּǵƷҲͬڴ
ô˭һƳԼƷ˶ܹע
˵ƳƷĿ϶
֪ҪһƷҪ죬Ǹʱ䡣
˵иһСʱѾˡ
ԣƳƷģ϶Ӧ
ңҪ̫ʱ䡣
ֻһΣҵжƺ˴ʱȥˣûʲôӦ
ȻʱȥˣûзӦ
òٵ˰ЩֹΪʲôûƳƷ
ѵҲһεĴЩѶȣʱ䶼ûдƷ
⵱ȻǲܵģȷЩѶȣҪ˵˼ʱ䣬ҲûдƷǾ;Բˡ
û˻Ϊ
ôٳٲƳƷԭǾӦֻһˡ
ǾҪȵ󣬲ƳƷ
⵱ȻӦģƷǾԵѹƷȷӦ÷Ƴ
ԭҲͲֹЩּǣܹƳǵƷ
ⶼȥʱˣӦҲഴ˰ɡ

ٵּǣȷѾԼƷϲҲΡźҡͷ
ƳԼƷҲЩּ΢΢һ
ǾģƳԼƷĻȫȥƷˣûж˼ǵƷˡ
ڣҪƳƷҾܹȫĵģǵƷٺòˡ
ȻˣǾԼƷҼɡ
ּͬңʱ΢Щͬ
ԼƷˣ˷ܡڴ
ԼƷ̫ˣ˷ܡ
ڴǲġ
ҴĶǸƷԣּǻҪҸݳԼƷ
⵱Ȼ⣬ÿһλּҶܹҵʵĸ֣ݳԼƷ
¼ּǣƳԼƷһ衣
ڣּ½һ裬ʼʽƳԼƷ
һεСʢ䣬Ļ



һǧ˰ٰʮһ үϷ
СʢĻּȺһƳԼƷ
QDƽ̨ץסһλᣬרΪһεСʢ俪ͨһרҪƳƷּңƷϴרȻ翪š
еּȻ룬һרŵר˵Ҳһ¡
ҲûQDƽ̨һֱǺϵҲԸ⽫Ʒר
ԣȺһԼƷϴר
ˣѾȵˣڶǡ
רϴ˵һƷʱ˶ڴôʢ䣬ǿʼˡ
ȺΪּңӰȻܺᲢۣҲǲСġ
˵Ⱥ֮µģļλּ֮һ
ԣ˿һƷȺƷ֮޲е뵱ϲ
ţȺƷʧ
Ȳĵ㿪ǰ𣬺ܶ˶۾ҪȥһϴƷ

ȺЩţڵȴͬǺƷۡ
ڴģܹƷһ
һεƷǷǳġ
ҲΪԼƷ⣬Żš
ԼԽƷԽõ˵Ŀ϶
ȵȵģͬǵۡ
ȺȻƷˣҾ֪ȺһᴴġոѾ飬ֻ˵̫ˡ
㿪ȺƷֻǰ࣬˸еһ޾ĺ飬ͷ·۳Ľ˵ֻǰ࣬ҾѾˡҲܹƷͺˡ
ǴʣȺƷһЦĸоΪһʢ䣬Ʒ֮⣬¾ҪȺƷΪˡ

ͬǵ֮ߣȺϲ֮࣬΢΢һ
֮Ⱥǫıʾҵ̫ˣҵ֮ԾҵƷãֻΪڻֻϴƷſ϶˱ҵƷá
ȻȺǫ֮ʣʵҲȷ
Ⱥ֮µּңǵƷҲȷпܣȺƷá
Ȼֻпܶѡ
һּǣȻ֪Ⱥ˵ʵǷ׷ױʾȺ̫ǫˡ
⵹ΪαȺǫ飬ʵ

һȺƷ֮ͬǳϲ
ȺƷеĸһЩ
ȺΪּңƷȻʧ
鲻ֹ
ҲȺ׸ܲǸʣŶǳио
ȷˣȻ֮ǰȺƷͱȽڴڻǸһϲĳҵڴֵڶЩּǵƷڴˡȻƷʼնһļΪڴ
ȺƷˣʢĻңһǳõĻϣּǵƷҲܹͬ㡣
ĿԴɣЩּǣҲܿͻ½ϴԼƷˡ


ʱѧί칫ҡ
ȺƷ֮Ҳͬǳ⣬ЦǺǵ貨裬ȺƷô
貨ЦЦ˵ܲźиоΪǳˮƽˡȻҲ˵ˮƽУƷȷоҪˮ׼֮ϡ
ͷ˵ҲΪġӣҲҪһ£Щּ˵ȷһִ̼ܹǳˮƽķӡ
貨ҲֲӰһʽ֪һΣƳһʲôƷ
裬ĵȴͺãţһľϲ

ȷһľϲڡ
ڵMVֳԶЧаѹء
ڵѾӽβĽȻͦġ
ʼʱȿνΪĻ֣λүӵľͷһͷҪظʮϡ
Ȼ֣λүӣԼݼţݼֶȻǲġ
λүӲòܣϷС׵ʵ
ȻλүӲû˶٣ӵĶ־Ҳӵ
ڵоԱ˻Ľȣû˿Թԡ
Ҳ˿ԹԣҲ˵λүӵݣѾǲ˿Թˡ
ΡءСµˣȫڸλүϷļɡ
λүҲѧ÷ǳǫ档
ѧţѧţ˾ȵķ֣λүӾȻǳϷ츳ǳ졣
ֻһ֮ԭҪظʮϵľͷھȻֻҪξ͹ˡ
β־ϲֱλүӵѧϷЧʣȺܶӰѧԺѧҪߡ
Ҳܲ죬λүӵϷ츳δؾͻ١
棬Ҳû뵽λүӣȻ˵Ϸ츳ǰһˣǰͯ
ӣλүӵ츳Ҳִֻ
λүǹЦǷа룬ǹȻϷ



һǧ˰ٰʮ ĵ
ΪλүӵıԽԽλԭMVĽҲԽԽ졣
ڣѾǽӽβ׶ˡ
ͲҪٲģԣأһͤ
ͬʱҲ˳һ֣һּǣΪһεġЦƷ
ڣרȺƷ֮⣬ⴴƷּǣҲ½ϴԼƷ
ؽרеƷȫһ֮ɷµĵţȻЩγԲ룬Ʒǲ١ǲģȺϦ˵ƷоһƷˮ׼ˮ׼Ҫߡ
˵ͷͬصĵȻЩƷȽƽӹƷǲģȺϦ˵ƷΪͻ
ǰƷΪԱȵĻһεƷȷǳˮƽˡ
ԼͿȴ˵Ȼһ¡
ֵҪҪһǵƷ룬Ӧ÷ǳڴĵ
룬˵Ҳãóǻһ
һƳƷּǣкܶ඼ǰаȺϦˣ֮ǰǹּҡ
磬Ҳּҡ
ճ֮ǶûڮٺͼʣڹϣʾԼƷ𾪺ϲ
ԣǣҲһֱʮ־أһЩּǣȫǳڴĵȻҲ
ԣȷ
ֻ˵ǵƷ˵໥֮Ľ

ȺϦϴƷּǣڵ鶼ǳƷۣ
һЩܾȣҲܹƷҲµķ˿
һε¼֮ǵ϶һЩǷǳԼ֮ǰľ
ڻһ׮ԸδˣǾǵƷûеõĵ
ǲȷûȤǵƷȷܵġ
ǶһεƷţʮڴǵƷ
ҪõĿ϶
ΪĿ϶ʤ˵Ŀ϶
ȻͬʱҲϣָܹƷеĲ㣬ƾ۹⣬ָĲ֮˵ܹǻȻʣڴĵ·ϣҲܹһ
ԣʮֿܹõĵ
һעʧ
QDƽ̨רŴרÿһƷϴ֮󣬶һĽƽ̨Աܹǻ
ǶƷۣҲᷢڽƽ̨ϡ
Ҳͨƽ̨Щּһ
ǣȺϦּǣͻȻ֮ȫüΪ˷ܺͼ
Ϊǿڽƽ̨ϸˡ
ԵݣжƷطĿ϶ίƷдڵһЩ⣬϶ƷĿ϶ࡣ
ȺϦּЩԣ˵νΪ
ǷԿ飬ԽԽǾϲԽԽ˷ܡ
ƷĿ϶ܹǵƷǣֽ֮Ϊֵһ˵˵Ŀ϶ǵƷôܲǣ
ָƷеĲ֮ϸĴĦһ֮ͻȻһֻȻĸоЧֱඥһ㡣
ǼĵطǸоƺںȻ֮䣬ͻһһֱǵ
ͻȻ伫ΪţԺܴƷ
Ȼĵ֮ôͼӰЧĵȷϬ׼ȷ֮⣬ҲΪȺּǵԶ
ԵˣƾεҲջ
ԸҲ֣ϾĻǾǹּңȻܵ͡
ǿס˷ܺͼȻСĴʣ׼ظԡ
Ӧδʣǽʾ֭˵ȴһƷѡ
ڽʾ֭ĴʣЩûдһּǣڶĽּʡ
ΪЩּǣҲͬǵԡ
ЩּǷǳףЩԴʲô
Ľּʣʮֵĺڣ˭֪ȻģǵƷأ
֪ĻҲһƷˣһͲһɣ粻ϲҲûйϵֻҪܹõĵ
ҲõĵǾͻ򣬻֮õƷ
ֻϧǧѷĻᣬûץ
ѽĺڡ
ں֮࣬ҲͬоĦЩƷĵǻ٣ҲܹջһЩ
Ҳǵһ˿ο



һǧ˰ٰʮ ׺һЦ
ΪЩּƷǹģеˣܹԡ
Ҳ˷ܲѡ
һΪЩƷĸߡ
ΪȻѾЩƷôԼҲҪƳԼƷˡ
֮ǰЩּǵƷǸеϲеҪõö࣬ȻΪڴƷ
ǿ֮ǰЩƷٺãҲֻԤȣƷԶǺͽ㡣
Ȼⲻ˵ǲڴЩּǵƷֻƷĻƷԶڴġ
ڣЩּǣѾ½ϴԼƷһһЩƷ˵
ôӦƳԼƷ˰ɣ
ܶ˶ģҲȵڴš
Ǻܿ͵õˣԼҪĽ͹ӹͬʱԼ΢˵΢ȻһҪ˼ȴһġ
ǾΪӹЦƷ׺һЦŵʽϴ
˵΢ոշԼٶϴˡ
˷ܵĹЦȻһҪƳԼƷˡ
˵΢˲ȼ˵ļ飬ϵսﵽ˸߳ʱ򣬾Ʒϴ10Сʱʱ䡣
һǼѡ
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֮Я֣ش󣡡
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Ҳǣ׺һЦ⼸֣ҾͻȻˣʵ̫ڴˣʱ䰡ÿһЩɡ
10Сʱʱʵڵ˵һʹļ尾ˡ
ȷЩʹ࣬ȴּڴĸоָоУҲúõһ¡
ʵǱǸʵǲԸָо
ǴھȻ˯һʱ͵ˡ


ʱѧί칫ҡ
ǺЦˣ׺һЦƷȷ񼤵ҲѹЩѾǰ˽ࡣ
貨ĿɲֻЩǣкܶܶˣȫ˽࣬ÿһҪƳµƷʱĿ
ֵһβĿǷǳһΣ͹ӹ֮Ϊŵ֮Я֣Ժעᱻ˳ʱἰ
貨ͷ˵ΪȻ

־칫ҡ
һЩ˷ܺڴ˵࣬ҪƳƷˣĺ֪ᴴһġЦ
ͷ˵ȷӦ÷ǳڴҲ׺һЦܹĳָҲ˵һ
һ۾һֵ࣬Ϊ𣿡
һЦ˵ҵǲ϶оȷпܡֽ֮Ϊֵһˣ˵רΪЦƷԷͬСɣ˵ϸĻȷпܵõĳָ򡣡
һ˳˼ֻһ׸ѣĻĳָ
ԭֻʮֺ棬ᴴһġЦ
ڣոյĻ˼

һڳ˼һǣҲͬڳ˼
ΪҶߵȦ˵һ仰ŵƳƷ׺һЦҽҪʹĦҲܹǻĳָ򡣱ϾרΪЦƷϢϢء
ҶĻһǣͽһһ˳˼

ڳ˼ȺϦڵһּǣʱĵĻϲڴ
ǲȥ˼֪һεƷҲؽ֮ǰƷһջǳĶ
ÿһƷ˵һεġ׺һЦȻҲ⡣
ڴƷȺ֮һ
ڣ֪ƷƳ׼ȷʱ䣬ŵ㣬10Сʱʱˡ
Ѿ׼

Цҡ
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ڰѹأءΡ֣ࡢҡءСµҲһ
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Ч⣬ڵҲͬҪҪϸ
׺һЦǰġЦҪ̬硣
ڣźڹĽУ̬Ѿ
Ƴʱ䣬ŵ㣬Ѿܽˡ



һǧ˰ٰʮ ĴЦ
˵Уʱ佥һҹʱȥʱˣڶİ˵ʮ֡
ʮʱ䣬ΪһΡЦƷ׺һЦҪʽϴˡ
QDƽ̨Ѿ׼ȴûκεΪûǸҪ
ǹӹԼ˽΢ѾʤеֶΡ
ԡߡּҵȵˣѾ˵ǰ½QDƽ̨רΪһδר
ѾǳȲ
ʮӵʱ䣬ȥʱŵ
˾񣬽רҳһˢ£ڴѾõġ׺һЦڳר
һ㿪һ㿪ͻȻ֮еһΪľϲøӵ˷ܺͼ
ΪǷ֣ǵ㿪Ĳֻһ׵һMVƵ
ƳľȻMV
ܹ˵ܣMVȴܹӾϣͬʱܡ
ӾЧҪԶԶһһڶ
˶һ㣬ǲŸӵ˷ܡ
MVʽʼһ龵ͷ˵ǰˮããȺɽһ£ĿĻ档
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ܵȺɽ͹𣬱ǧΨи̾Ȼ档
ͷãɽˮ֮л
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ʯϣһˣһܹ١
ˣһ£ŴķװŴķΣݵգĺɫ룬ȥʮ꣬Ҳпʮˡ
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ֻ֮һˣȷįһλ֪֮䡣
ôټį
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˷֣Ǹ˲į
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ˣԽԽˣܹоǸߵϾҪˡ
ǸоѾߵһ̣ͷ翪ڳ
׺Ц

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еѾ׳
ֽ֮ӿڳ
Ц
׷ϳ
˭˭ʤ֪

һԴɣһĺͳ죬е黳
ٳ
ɽЦң
Ծ쳾֪١

Ȼ
Цȣ
黹ʣһա

˺ϳ
Цټȡ
ڳճЦЦ

˺ϳһ䣬һĴЦ˵ͺ



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׺һЦһ鳪գ硢ˣһοĴЦ
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һ˸٣һ˴ϳ覣һϧֵ꣬쾡¡
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غϣûһ˿ķ϶һֱҪġЦ
ңҪӴӺӿ
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ָ硢֮Ĺ£һ׺һЦÿԼĸ
ĲɣԽˣԽ
ɽЦңԾ쳾֪١
Цȣ黹ʣһա
ٺΣжٶԹ𣬴ʱֻΪһĴЦ

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ܵ顶־Уֱסһ仰ؽͳ̡֡ǡ硢𡱵ݻΪյ
׸ĸ͹棬ʻһ£ֻطϸ΢Ĳ
ѡõǹʡ
һ׸ʣ͹ʼȫһﻹǹһǳĵط
ǰ޴۹׸裬׸ΰĵطڣʲ䣬͹ͬϺͬôʽĸҲڶסΪմд׸ʱȫй׸ֲ˾úϾɣô£ǻմ˲ĵط
ɼ׸Ƕһ޶Ĵڡ
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ݵ缷üŪۣӢټڽݵ壬ľƮҡңڣֻһЦС

磬ǰа汾֮һ׺һЦǸݳƵMV㣬ﵽ˼ĳ̶ȡ
ƷȻ׵ľˡ
˶ˡ
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һ˺Ȼһ֮ǰѾ˵⡣
Ǿǣܸо˵İߣЩ졣
Ǿ˵İߣЩ죿֣֣
һ죬ɶֵģǶԱ֮ǰ϶ݹƷǿ
ԣоһоӦòԱ
ԱԱôܻ죿
Բְ
Ҳ찡Ӧ֪ԱǶǡ֮ǰˣ˿϶Ѹߺˡǻ˵˵ݼ治Ϊʲôһֱ˵ͣҲʮ˰ɡҾЩ֡

֣˵ȻǣֻȦǣԺֻܶǵ֣ȴ֪ǵòˡ
ټЩѾʮˣȥȴʮּ˻ױΪ硢˵ģ
ԣ֪ģˣʱҲֻǾЩ죬벻ˡ
һЩȴƺϳ
Ǿİߣϣ
Ҳע⵽ˣȷϣӦòϡѾʮ꣬ôᡣҪģϲȥԱǡ
ȷĺϣ֡
ϣȷгúˡԣҾҲûʲôֵġ
ֻİ߳ϣȷûʲôֵġûз֣İҲһˣ
˭Ҳһ˵ǣо֣֣ϡ



һǧ˰ٰʮ 
֣ϣЩֻ֣ӦҲѾʮ˰ɣͬᡣУ֣ҲȥԱӦò֣ϡ
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ԣⲻɺϣӦþϺ֣ϱˡ
⡭ܵİɣ
пܡ룬֤ʵˣϺ֣ˣڶסʥ塣ϼȻʥ壬ǿ϶ĹϵĪ档ϵĪ棬һҲʶӹһ׺һЦ͹ӹƷϡ֣϶˳һЩڻ֪ԭMVпʹˣȷǺпܵġ
ôһ˵оǺпˡֻǣϲӦôᰡ
֮ԿȥôᣬӦúǳھסʥйϵʥһĵطԵũׯʳģֻǼƷζŸʣٽ彡ȹЧһѾȫ繫ϡϳھסʥ壬ʳԵũׯʳģԽԽãԽԽᣬҲʮ
Եũׯʳĳ˼Ʒζ֮⣬ȷзǳĺôǿϧ۸񲻱ˡȻҲԳڹˡ
۸񲻱˲żܹһ£Ӧ֪ˡ
ô˵Ϻ֣϶ˡҲ벻ϵݼôãϷƵġ
Ӧܹ϶Ϻ֣ˡϵݼôãˡ
Ȼ˵ĻҲ²֮ҪˣӦúǹӹС˵ķ֮Щϵ
ΪС˵ĵߣС˵ĸ飬ԱǸӹѡС˵еźˣӦþ˰ɣ
û뵽ԱȻϺ֣ϣһϲˡ
ȷֱǾϲϡ

϶˳˵Ա֣࣬һԵʮֵľϲ֮ǰû뵽ġ
Ǻ˷ܣϿܶ˶˵˵ԱȥЩ죬ȴʼղ֪˭
ָ˷ˣ룬Ȼǲ֪˭ǾװһССıưɡ
ǣһǷ׷˵
кܶ˶ˣ˵İЩ죬ȴֲԱо죬ú֣𣿡
ȷģָое֡
벻еԭ򣿡
ȷ벻ס
ȻˣǾ𰸰ɡΪĶˣȦǣǲŻһֵĸо
Ȧǣǣ
֮ЩܲϤǵòһǵ֣Ǿϣ֣֣ϡ
Ϻ֣ϣҲһ˵ǺţǲԣҼǵϺ֣϶Ѿʮˣôܻô᣿
ҶϺ֣϶˵òȷûʲôӡҲ졣Ҳ֪ǶӦûôɣ
ǴˣǶڳʱסʥ塣ʣµԼȥ룬Ӧܹס
⡭
ܶ˶˼

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˵İߣȷӦþ֣ϡ
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⣬һЩøˣԳһɫʹMV˸塣

һ˵Ȼϳˡ
ϣ⡣ϸһ룬ƺôˡ֮ҪȥһǣΪ᲻¶С˵黳ɡȻϷ鱾ܺȤӦҲһԭ򡣡
ӹѡС˵Ͽźˡϳһǣʻʹһ׺һЦ˸塣
ȷˣС˵һ£ԺӦûᱻΪѻ
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ھȺ;ϲְ֮ʱһߡ
Ϊʱ˿￴֣࣬硣
ڿĴЦ֮󣬸ĵڶ鿪ʼ
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ǰͻȻģȴһһƳӰ
ǸӰһܹǰ٣һ׺һЦ
ȻţȻܹʮȣ糤΢΢ڶ¶һζա
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һǧ˰ٰʮ пͲ²
ھһƳӰ֮󣬻ڼҲڼǸӰȴǲٳ֡
ǸӰȴӡÿһ˵Ժ֮С
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ΪѾоʱţҲϣʱĻ͸ܹ㡣
ĸƺܹеļɣĸų죬Ȼ޼ɵĴЦ
Ǹеǰδеɺͳ졣
ԣϣĻ͸Ϊ㡣
ȻǲܣһվҪڣվҪ
һѣġ׺һЦվҪ
еļҲȫ¡
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ֻǣ̬ԽõˣеļӦþͻԽ١
ڣѾһ䣬ҲѾԽԽԶڳ׵
ˣ
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Ϊʱ˿̣ȻܹǲãɣҲܹĸʣܹˣĴЦ
һжڶƣǰҲƺܿղŵĻ档
ԣе˶ûǻڡ׺һЦĻ͸
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ֱ˺þ֮˲ڷˣǰѾû˻棬ҲѾû˸
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ˣѾصʵУٻոտĻ棬ĸ֪ΪΣܶ˶һ̾Ϣ
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ΣվǻصʵУΪҪ
ʵôһ׸裬ܹڶ̶̵ʱ׵ķеļܳʱĻ䣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
˶е㣬ǲࡣ

һѧǿMVҲͬһĸ̾
ǵĸ̾˰֮ͬ⣬ǿƷԸڵóĸ̾
ƷȻǱڴеĸá
ÿһҪƳµƷ֮ǰǶѾ˷ǳߵֵ
ƷƳ֮ǻ֣ᷢƷڴĻҪߡ
ÿһζ
ֵһ˵ʵɡ
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Ҫϸоͷ׸ǽΪջǳĶ
ڼջĶǷǳڴ

ʱѧί칫ҡ
һп֮˵ЦЦЦ֮ǰû׸֮ǰЩּǵƷҲǳ˾ϲһԱȣŷ֣ǵƷһƷֱ̫ԶǱ֮Ϊֵһ˵ˡ
貨Ҳͬп˵ƷʧƷˣƷˡȻⲻ˵ЩּǵƷáʵǵƷѾǳˣгΪĿܡֻһ׺һЦȣ̫һЩˡ
ͷȣҲû˵ǵƷãǵƷʵܲȻҲǵƷмӡֻǲܹƷȽϰˡ
貨ֵڡЦˣһġЦôָüЦĹˡ
룬˵裬ûע⵽MVУһƳǸٵŮӵӰ
貨Ȼע⵽ˣǸŮӿν൱ľޡ
˭ӹΪʲôᰲMVг֣ҲΪĳΪӹһĳ⡣
貨Ҫ֪ӹ⣬ȵ֪ǸŮݡԭС˵صĿǰΪֹҪŮӽɫֱɺաãMVеǸŮȴƮƮȻաѵɺ
ҡͷƺǡǸŮڸ٣ҿóǡ׺һЦԭС˵׺һЦˣһЦҲ˵ǸŮҲᵯࡶЦвûᵽɺƸ٣ԣӦòɺ
貨ͷķȷеֻǡЦѵ࣬ǳʦʦҲδܹóԭС˵֮⣬Ψ̵Ĺùܹóǹùûһ꣬ҲоʮˣȻMVгֵŮӡһֻ˵ǸŮӵĿǰΪֹûԭС˵
ȷֻһ˵ˡֻǣȻûԭС˵гӹMVʲôأ
貨ǸŮӻ᲻ƷŮǣӹڰʾŮҲᵯࡶЦ
ĿǰŮǺпɺǸո˵ˣǸŮӲɺһոյ˵ֲˡ
貨⵹ҲǣŮˣҵĿǰΪֹûг
ּվڣǸŮŮĻϵġǸŮӲŮĻֲּˡ
貨ЦǾˡ
пǰ൱룡



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貨˶MVУһƳֵǸŮӵݣԼӹMVгֵ⣬еʮֵɻ
һߺǣҲͬΪ˸еɻ
ǵȦͬ⡣
ԵģӹǸŮMVг֣һ⣬ƷŮ𣿡
ӦòǣŮпɺɺɲḧ١οŮĻǡЦ
ҲпŮɺǸŮӲŮḧЦֻڻûʽ
С˵صĿǰΪֹ֮⣬ȷһܹЦǸ˸òɣ
ôܣǸḧЦˣ̵ĹùãûһҲ;ʮ˰ɣô˵
ٺ٣ԭС˵ֻˣ̳Ϊùáû˵䡮ùá͵ж˭˵֮Ϊùáˣ;һܴˣˣҲСŮΪùáСŮ͡
Ҳһ˵ѵ̵ĹùĲ󣿡
ԣСŮһʱǸʮĺӣСŮΪùáСŮȻҲˡûаʮҲʮˣƵġùáԲˡ
ðɣô˵ҲԡոյȻҲпǡùáͲݲСǡùáʲôݵĻ̳ΪùáҲǲܡ
ðɣ˵ֿҲûУԱ
MVиٵŮӣһС˵еĳɫֻĿǰݷǳ롣
ӹһʵƯֻһŮӸٵľͷѣ˵ĹעͲ²⡣
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ǰڵۣȷҪҵöࡣ
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һġ׺һЦǷǳ˷ܣǸӰۣȻҲ͸⼤ˡ
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Ц˵ĻȻ֮áֻǶԺòᣬԱķչɣ
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ϵĻش⣬ЦЦ˵Ȼ˵ĻǾ˵ˡ
֣ͬʱͷãǾ˵ˡ



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һ˻ص˴ӣϹڡ׺һЦ飬ԼMVУǸӰݵĲ²⣬Ȼڼ
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һҽɱҽƽһָҪҽκˣȴ޲ߡ
ƽһָųơɱҽһ˾ͱҪɱһˡ
ڣȲ壬ָô죿
գƽһָѡɱȲ壬ֻɱԼˡ
ʲôɱҽ
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Щ˿ڳơӡмӣȻȺȴΪˡ
Щ㲻״ʶЩˣЩΪʲôľٶ
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һеǣһȻ
λŵݣȻ򵥡



һǧ˰پʮ 
һѾȷλŵݲ򵥣úܶ཭˸е־塣
ֻǣžʲôݣڻֻ֪ܼ濴
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Ȼ׹ȴͻȻһŲĹľԣ㽫űƳ
һҲ漴ֹȻǣ׹ľ֮󣬺ܿ͵˻ˤڵϣˡ
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˺üڽˮ֮ȴ峺Ľˮ֮УӳӰһԼһȴһŮʮߡͣץԼġ
һеǣҲͬһ



һǧ˰پʮһ ÷ׯ
еȫһһʼЩûлع
ŽˮˮеĵӰȴΪʲôǸʮߡŮ
֮ӦˣλŲġšǸʮߡŮˡ
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治֮ǰôǲţǵĶҪǿ
ΪԼĶ̫ǿǰ˴ȴûţҲһ˷ǳյ顣
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ﻰ⣬˼һҫ͵⣬öǿˣȴֻܷǳε˵֣Nɪ
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ѵǶܵŮ
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ֱǣ塢Ⱥ򣨰
ϱҵĴ𰸺ͷȻҲҸ˵Ĺ۵㣬ӭҵۡ


һǧ˰پʮ ȶȵĿĴﵽ
һ˲ͬĴ𰸣ǶڽһĴ𰸣Ȼһ顣
Ⱥ˵ȷαһҸоԽԽαӣƫƫαװ÷ǳãܹвҲȷǲܡ
ܸоȺһ򵥵ʱ򣬻Ǵһһв˵λҲȷ˵
ʣµİ˷ǳˡ˷ֲ֮òϣһҲȷе
ͽһ˵Ĵ𰸣ĸﲻһ˵ķֶʮеôͻȻоκ˶пвˣ
κȻǲܵġܶﶼܹвɣġ
ǰҿԱ֤϶᲻вͬĴ𰸳ңŷɡ
вŸӵ֣𣿡
˵ûŸӵ֡


˵ȷûдһ֮һҡǣҲ׷Լ΢ϣԼĴ𰸡
ǵĴ𰸣һ˵ĴȣЩһ˲ͬЩ˲ͬҲЩһ˶ͬ
磬ҶΪˣӦ÷ֱǣ졢硢飨
첻˵ؼǽͳ顣
Ϊؤ书Ƿǳߵġ忴ϵġ֡һϣܹó
ؤ壬⼸֡վ˳ָһľȥϿ֡һǣҺˡڶǣҾǣڹаδ֪ǵСÿһжڣľ¶Ƿ֤ʦͽָ̡Ǿ塣
嶼壬书ȻǷǳߵģп϶
书֮ߣڽϵȴпǽ絭Ҳпڴ
һԭп϶ǲġ
ԣ
Ϊʲôǳ飿Ǿͼˡ
ֻ飬Ƕʣµİ飬ȻͲˡ
ԣвǰҲǳ顣
˵õȷǷǳеӣ˾ȻԶԣҲ޷Ҳ˳Ϊˣ϶
ٱ磬ΪˣӦ÷ֱǣ塢졢Ⱥ
һʵĴǣʡĪ󡢳飨
µĴǣ塢Ⱥӯӯ

⻹ҡǣȫԼĴ𰸡
ǵĴȻԲͬȴҪڼϣ塢졢ӯӯȺ򡢽硢Ī󡢳ȡ
貨ͬʱΪʣµˣҲпܻûʽڻûʽ
ԺпܻʽҲпһֱʽֻ֮ͨڣ֪ǵĴڣȷǵ񻹻ŵˡ
貨˵ҲõһϿɡ
ڻûʽˣҲпвˣǻûʽĶܣһ
ֻǣǻûʽĻǿɾ޴Ӳ²ˡ
Ȼֻһֿܶѡ
ңԻȽСԸģӦûЩϰѡ֮С
һβ²ĻʮֻȣǡǡǷ׷ײ²⣬ڶýҲԴ˱ʾ˷ǳŨȤ
ý׷׶Դ˽бڱͬʱý廹ԼĴ𰸣ԼҲΪ˲ߡ
ýһͲ룬ʹñѾǳ˵¼øӵˡ
Ҳøʿ׷׸пӹƷӰʵ̫ˡ

־硣
һں˷ܣһεĴ𰸣õ˷ǳ˵ϿɣǶĴ۲ֹʹĴȶȺܸߡ
һγùӹȶȵĿģȫﵽˡ
Ҳ潣һˣ˵СƣĲ֮ӦûһڹӹʽС˵֮ӵеľǷǳҪġǸʱ򣬸߿϶ᷢڲпöࡣ
һ˵ͷһȻס
ڵС˵磬йӹһɽѹţȵӹһɽ˵ʱ򣬾Ի˲ŷڴöľ
ʵϣзǳߣڰ׼ԼƷǶڹӹʽ֮ѸƳռг
һҲͬ׼һƷ
ȫƴǸʱľ֮󣬾Ϳ֪ˡ
ڣһĴȶȺܸߣ϶ܹһԣʱɻԶܹռг
һȻ˷ܡ



һǧ˰پʮ ͸¶Ź
ʥ塣
вˣʣµ˷ֱ˭⣬˵ĸȤ⡣
ʵϣǵһģҲ֪ʣµ˷ֱ˭
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⣬ѾעһԶţǰӹүӲûｻʣµ˶˭
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ǰӹүӡӡˡ
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˵ЩЦ͵⡣
ܶԡߣԼǣڹӹ΢·ԣѯʣµ˵˭
ԴˣֻͳһظǳǸʵҲ֪ʣµˣֱ˭
ʵȷ֪Ψһ֪𰸵ˣֻǰĽӹүӡ
ӹүԼֻ֪һַ֣ѡ
ȻֿԲߣڽӹүӵӦõȷд𰸵ġ
ʵʵ˵Ȼš
ӹԼ֪𰸣ôܣ
ڹӹĻش𣬵ǲ⣬֮УǾ֪ӹǲǴ𰸵ġ
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һ㣬кܶ¼Ѿ֤ˡ
ԣڹӹĻش𲢲⡣
ʵҲãһĻĴ𰸣᳤ʱĲ²⡢ȥʮꡢʮ֮Ӧöἰ
ӹԼĴ𰸣ôۺ飬Ӧþͻ
ܶ˶ϣǻϣ⣬ܹʱۡȥ
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µս֮Լһʤ֤ʦԼеɽ
ɽ̣֮Ը⽫ӯӯ䣬ҪЮ֮⣬Ȼܾ
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Ǹӵĺ棬ͬʱҲһţ¶Ѿˡ
ϾⲿƷǹӹЩϵڳʵһǳ顣
ĻǾԻ뵱ʧ



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֮⣬е˶ϳǰ֮ˣʮų书µһĶܡ
ֻǣǰĶû˺룬Ͼʩۣ֬ǼʽвСŮŮɫ֮ʵ̫ޡ̫Щ
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һֶܳķʽȴҲ󲻵ܾȻڹ뷿֮廨
ԣֻ󲻵ôȫ˲ţ
ǾԵĲţ



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ֻǣ书ųƵһֹֽܣΪʲôڹ뷿廨
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֮󣬶ܱͯʾͯǹĽ飬ͯôûйϵͯܲõͤ
ڣͤҪɱͯܣܱʾԼҲûа취ȻͤҪɱͯܣͱҪɱͯܡͯܲҪ˵ͤκ£ͤ
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ڣֶһ֣䡷
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ԥһ£վǳˣȷѾǶܵĶ֡
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գŪϹеһֻ۾ԼԶˡ
ճΨҲܣµĵһ֣ܾˡ
ң޾꣡



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漴룺Ǳص书ʵκѧ֮ˣһ֮ܲġʱҺѧáǴ󷨡ȥⱦϵĺ˹ȴҲ˵
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񹦣ԹҩͨԭҪ䡷Ҫĵһ飬ǻӵԹ
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еǣԾĴһͻȻЩ쬵ģＫΪĲ
ôֱ̫ˡ
ʽ⿪ˣΪʲôܵ䣿ΪʲôĺûˣΪʲôӴ֮ϲŮˣΪʲôֳŮ˵̬ΪʲôĶͤϣ
ЩֻΪΪ䡷ѡԹ
Թ˵ĶܣѾһȫˣԲŻһϵеı仯
Ϊ䡷ܸĴۣδҲ̫һ㡣
Ȼ书ȷʵ˶µһˣֵ
ǿ϶òֵãؼǶô룿

ᣬᣬû֪𰸡
ȻڻӵԹ֮ʱ϶û뵽Լ˷ı仯
֪ˣѡӵԹ
Ҳͬûд𰸣ֻв²ۡ
𰸻ǻɡ
Ϊص书ʵκѧ֮ˣһ֮ܲġ
Ψһ̾Ϣ䡷Ȼһѧ
Ϊ䡷ǰһλ̫ƺûʲôˡ
Ҳܹ֡䡷ֻǹѧ֮˵ֵջɡ
Ϊʲôֵֵסջû䡷
ⲻΪĶȶǿΪʱѾǴ󷨣ŵֵסˡ䡷ջ
һʽ⿪ˡ
ֻǣǺܿһµʣǾ֪䡷ĻΪʲôҪѡ䡷ܣ
ܿҲ˴𰸡
жʬһţЦթƹҲ²͸Ϸ㡶䡷⡣ҰĲ裬ѵϷƲ𣿹
ԭн䡷ܣûаģͿ˶ҰĲΪ˷δȻɡ
һ̾ϢǶߵˣթģǿ¡
ʼǶʤˣɹĴ۶еĽ֮λйѺ÷ׯ׳ʮꡣ
յĽվʤˡ
ʵܻӵԹһѾеȦףҲӴһ·ڱж˽֮λԼҲȥ
Уһµˡ
ֻǣʱĶܶڽ֮λѾپжؽ֮λûжٴյñĿɡ
ۣҲۣ֮ȻʮֵĿ£
Ȼ˵̫ʣҲ̫ˣ
⽫ľ䣡
֮н䡷˫֮Уһԭʮֳ¾ɵĲҳʱƬ˫ֻƬ紵˴⡣
䡷лȥˣֻʺ̫ѧȥҲһ¡
ֻǣ䡷ʹʧǲҲ˾еź
Ͼص书̫ǿˡ
ʵлȥĲǡ䡷ԭ䡷ԭѱҶʦȥ
еġ䡷ʵΪԭϵĲб
Ҳ˵ġ䡷ԭвȱĲб
ġ䡷ԭֻ͸ıˡ
ȻҲͬûһеĽѾٸı䡣
һκҵĹڽ䡷٣³Ϊ̵Ľ
µһι¼ܣһ̳Ϊ㾭



һǧŰ ̾
һι½ˣϺ͸飬Ÿոտʼ
˸пǧΪܣΪ䡷ΪһξĹ¡
Ϊ񹦶ӵԹʹΪоУһ޶Ĵڡ
ʼڶܳǳʱвУŮŮֳСŮ˵̬Ƕڹ뷿֮廨һ÷ǳź⡣
ӹΪʲôҪѶӣ
ΪʲôеĶܣ֮
Ѷĺ
ǰȾôʱĶܣȴӵģӹĴʧ
ȻڣֻĶܣܾ͸ӵġ
ڹ뷿֮廨ĶܣоУԶһ޶Ĵڡ
˵ӵĶܣɾ˸ӾĶܡ
ͬģ˹Թġ䡷ҲΪһ޶ľѧ
̻䡷ⲿѧ߹ӹԶ֮󣬹˼֮棬Ȼ羪̾ѡ
ǶһС˵˵ǳĤݣֻĤݡ
롶䡷ӹĹ˼֮棬ֱ˼ΨжĽݣ
ܺ͡䡷ѾΪԾ䣬Цأȴûнҿ˵Ľʺ𣿡
֮ǰοܡֵʱҾѾ֪Ϊ䡣ֻû뵽˶һ޶ľԾ䣡
ʱ˭õ˭֪ӹĹ˼Ȼ֮棿
ڹ뷿֮廨ĶܣԼøӵľ䡣ӹⲿ֮Ȼͬ졣
ȷǵֻĤݣ


־硣
һ񳤳һ̾˵ӹĹ˼֮棬ȻԶȡ
ȴ΢΢һЦ˵СƣӹϾǶһ޶ĴڣûҪԷƱ
һ񻺻˵ͷ˵ףֻ࣬ЩпˣûԷƱ
Ҳͬ˵ͷ

ʱѧί칫ҡ
̾һӵԹñ֮ǰΪĸӾ䡣룬Ӵ֮û˻һ
貨ͷȷˣܵϷʵ࣬ȥ֮ǰȾܴʽռƪһ¡ʽܹʱ䣬ǿԹһ£ԲᳬʱȻܳΪһΪò˵ΪӹĹ˼֮档
ȷˣһ֮Ȼһ·ƽ
貨òһ˸пһ֮Ȼǹӹ۷ˮ׼
ϧǷ֮ˡ
貨ȷ൱Ŀϧ

ϣҲͬ˷ܵ۲ֹ
񹦣ӵԹҲ治֪ӹģֱԶ棡
ˣҲһ仰һ뵽ӵԹ֣ͼΪĲֱǲ
Ҳǣ뵽ĳһƵ÷šµĸо
ȻﲻӵһȴȫڵĶʵ̫ˡ룬ЦӰӻʱ˭ܹݶܣ
ǻ˵оҪݺöἫΪѣǾʵɵԱ
ģЦӰӻȵ̫ãǾڴͺˡ
൱ڴ


ʥ塣
ããã˵˶á֡
޵ıǹӹڶ죬һʻʹãС˵ӷḻ
⣬ܹе˵֮һ
֣ҲСӹڶ죬ȷ൱ĳɹ֮֮ǰĶаϵ۱ؤҲǲضã򵥣
ͷȻΪ֣ͬĻ
ܿ죬̾һ˵ϧСӵһƷˡ֣治ϣС˵ĻҪٿľ
֣Ҳһ̾˵ҲһҲٿľǣСӼȻѾˣС˵ˡ
ͷȷˣСӸı⣬ǲܵġԣֻ˵һźˡ
֣Ҳ֪С˵ȫ͵ƷʲôӵƷСһֱصġ
ҡͷСӼȻԸѾ¯С˵ضȫ͵ƷǼΪŵġ
֣СȱģȷţϣСһΣȻܹࡣ
ȷȻĻѡС˵źˡ
֣ЦЦ˵źġ
ͷԸˣ



һǧŰ ؼ
롶䡷ѾΪԾ䣬Цػڼ
صǽ֮λ̣ȻܣǱӯӯصɽ
ǺɽţӵӾЩ绨Ůӣ֮λԵɷˡ
֮ɽҰĲϲΪɣȻԼţ֡䵱ȴ࿹⡣
븰ɽμɴᣬҲʺɽɵǰ
Ȳ߻ܣ̩ɽڧŵˣΪ֮λ
ӯӯװɽȺԴ֮ʹҹɡһ᳡ⶨˡȽ˧ķ
˭书ߣ˭š
Ҳͬ⣬书ߵģŵλãȻˡ
Ⱥɺֱɽʤ̩ɽӡӡɽĪ
֮ʱ书ȻԶʤɺɺʼǸСʦãĸһֱڡ
ԣԵĽܡ
֣֮ɺΪѾ֮λȻȺͻȻ֣佣֮ٶȼ죬״Ϲ˫Ŀնŵλá
塢ӯӯ˼Ⱥ֮󣬲ʧɫȺ书ȻжܵӰӡ
ʲôѵȺҲˡ䡷˵ӦðȺôС䡷
еȫɻѡ
һԿ϶ǾȺ˾Բ򵥣չֳĲֻ֣ȫǼ
֮󲻾ãȺɻһһ⿪
ԭȺĲǡ䡷롶䡷ͬԴġа
ҲƷƪʱھּҵġа
꣬䡷Ϊԭ¡
ʱлɽˣӷݷ£﷢ˡ䡷ϲ֮࣬Գ¼һ֡
֮󱻺ҶʦҶʦΪ䡷˺֮ȥˡ䡷ͬʱǲԼĵӶԪϸɽȰ˵ࡢӷˣҪ䡷ϵ书
Ԫ˻ɽࡢӷ˶ԶԪྴϵȷ¼ˡ䡷
һǸ⣬һԪ̡䡷ص书
Ԫʵδ䡷δ˽¼ľı
ࡢӷ˱㽫ԼסĲ֣иԪָ㡣
Ԫ˱оģڼԽͣȴԼ¡
ԪĽԼµľģдԼ֮ϡ
ڶգԪ뿪ɽûٻص£ǸҶʦдһţ˵Լ֣⻹ס
ԪƾԼߵдϵĲ֡䡷ģʮ·аһףΪԼȡһ֣Զͼ
Զͼƾ衶аڽѷֿ֣踣ھ֣֡
ڡаԴڡ䡷ҪаͬҪӵԹ
ҲΪˣԶͼûнаںˣں˵书һһϡƽ֮ӂzұ׺š
˵ɽɵࡢӷˡ
˽Գ¼ġ䡷óһͬרУȴ¼ȫ޷ƥ䡣
˶ǶԷ¼ˣȻݱΪˣɽɵĽ֮
˳¼䡷һ£֪Ϊα̵֪Ϊˡ䡷ʮλϻɽᡣ
գɹˡ䡷
̽䡷˶ܡ
ԣĲԭ桶䡷ǻɽࡢӷ˳¼ģġ䡷
ڣȺΪˡа
ԭȺּҵġаƽ֮ΪͽΪ˵õּҵġа
õа֮ȺӵԹ˱а
ĻҪϲ֮ͻȻѣΪš
Ҳû뵽ѪѾĻﻮɺϲһ£ȴΪȺ˼¡
ˣȺαӵĿȫĳǰ

⣬ƽ֮ڶ෬֮ڷȺĿҲһּҵġаͬӵԹа
ԭòǫǫӣһһεľޱǰ˻Եļˣɱпᣬ
Ϊ˸ϧϹۡࡢˡзϵĴۡ
ɱԼɺ׻Ԩ
֣÷ׯ֮ף޾

СʦɺС÷㺰ƽ֮ƽ֮
֮ƽ֮飬ΪҸĿʼȴ֪˵Ŀʼ
Ϊ֮ǰƽ֮ѾӵԹ˵Ļʵ
ƽ֮ʧ֮󣬶ɺ࣬˵֮Ҫɺ飬ֻΪȺΣѾԹʵ
֮͵ŵƽ֮ǰɽıɱȺŵƽ֮ɳΪаŵš
ƽ֮ӦɽɺΪĶɱɺ
ɺˣŵƽ֮ϣǰΪչƽ֮
֮ھʹУĻ
ɺƽ֮ɱȴģһֱĴʦֵĻΨһһ˿ο
ҲΪɺУ岢ûɱƽֻ֮ǽ÷ׯ֮ס

ΪһͳİҵΪεľܾ̣ȵƽɽɡ
֡䵱üءἸɺɽ̵ͬĽ
һƺƵġЦڽӽβ



һǧŰ Ц
Ⱥƽ֮ɺȵﶼѾ˽֣׼ٽɽ֡䵱üɽ֧Ԯ
еǶܹԤеЦҪˡ
ʵˡЦ׼ȫΪԼѾ׼ˡ
Ȼ浽ڼʱǲźȻ֣ƺû׼ǻϣЦôᡣ
ΪЦһᣬǾʹǴӴ֮󣬽ҲӹС˵ƷҲҲӹµˡ
һϵеľƷһϵеľӴԶҲˡ
̫˸ˡ
Ȼٸ˺ͲᣬЦҲվҪᡣ
ɽĸɺǣԷ֤ʦΪס
塢֤ʦˣͬȺһ֮ⶨ˵̴ֵļƻҰռƻ׼
̴ڶƺƵ
һרõĽУҲ졢̵ˣֻǲûпӯӯ
塢֤ʦˣгΡ
Ȼгٳû½ΣҲһֱû˵һԵ˵ɽרΪ
֮еĽӱ̧йãһ˵
ɻȴȫȻ壬̤С
¶Щ죬黹ӹ졣
н̸֮ʱϲɫеĽӱ̧ԭλ֮󣬲ûзֱΪ֤ʦˣһݼΪ
ִ֮˵һʲô˷ɽţǲ֮Ļ
֮ӵŽĽӣȻֱ˺ɽ
̺ƺƵָɸɴˣڼ˵ǷͻûУʼնûп˵һ仰
һƽپˣвɽһͳˣ
ʲô
֤ʦڵˣһ±ơ
Ψһ֪ˣӦþֻе̸ˡ
֮౻
ԭŵĽѾˣνӯӯ
ڲɵʱ򣬺ľѪѾѾȥˡ
ӯӯ½̽ںƺƵϺɽģӯӯ
ԭˣĻϺɽ֮һзٶͶ͵ͨˡ
һֺƽΣȻһԴϲ顣
֮ĳգɽ÷ׯҵƽʣӯӯϲӡ
ʱѽɽŴ壬ӯӯҲ֮̽λ졣
֤ʦһڽȺ÷ׯףأ塢ӯӯ˺һЦ
Ӵ֮󣬶ǣ޹ңңһɾ£ɷˣ
ҵġЦᣡ

ˣһжˣЦˣӹС˵Ҳˡ
еǣΪ塢ӯӯһɾ¸еˣ뵽ĸ֮С
ԤеЦҪʱ򣬾Ѿʼˡ
ڣ˵ʱ
ӹС˵ʵ᲻ãһ뵽󶼲йӹС˵ǾҲƲסѹ
ϣûж˵ⲻΪûʲô˵Ϊڶ֪Ӧ˵Щʲô
ʵϣʱ̫Ļ˵̫Ҫ
ֻǣǧﲻ֪ô˵
̫Ļ˵֪Ӻ˵ˡ
~
Ψһ̾Ϣܹ׼ʱ˿̣Ҫ˵Ļ

ʱѧί칫ҡ
貨ˣҲͬһ̾ϢǣҲЩˣһλѣҪԶУԶٻһ㡣
ӹӹġӢ۴ʼ˾ͳ׳ΪˣӹС˵ԡ
ӡӢ۴ʼһֱ׷ġЦڼ䣬һڶû¡
ӹصС˵ѾΪеһ֡
ۼ֤ˣӹһһĵ
ӹءʼСŮ壬޼ɡ塢񡢰죬½С¥ŴѩҶ³ǡ㡢޻СѰɣٵ塢ӯӯСܵȵȡ
̫̫ľоٲ
ÿһǶҪпһȻԼĵд΢ϣǹ
Ǹеǳʵ㣬Ƿǳϲĸо
Ȼڣӹµľʹ˶ҲӣҲû˸пĻᡣ
һӣԶʧȥԼİߡ
ԣǸˡ
ָˣʻδһβ̵ʱ䣬ʱǽǳĲϰߡ



һǧŰ ֮
־硣
ͬǳһ̾˺һ֮˵ڻˣӹʱˣֵȺԵʱ˭һߣ
˭һߣһ૵ظһ䣬Ҳһ̾˵ǰֵȺԵʱ
ֵӹʱˣС˵ʧźе˵һµļĿʼӹʣ´Ƭг˭ܾռг˭пһߡ
һͷ࣬ȷˣѾ˳׼Ȼ֪кܶߣҲͬ˳׼һʱ䣬ǾΪпһʱ䣬·ʤ
ǵģ·ʤ˭ʵǿ˭ܹõץסᣬ˭ܳԿ֣˭ͻʤߡ
һ˵ͷء
һһ˵ֻǣ֮ҲӹС˵ˣⲻǵźʧҲЩǵźʧӹƷиֻȻĶСӴ֮󣬶ˡ
һ̾˵ȷһ־޴źʧӹʵѾ޷ģǱҪϰûйӹС˵ӡ
һϰߵģֻǿҪһʱ䣬һβ̵ʱ䡣
ûа취顣ڡЦȻѾᣬ˶ãӹӦþͻʽС˵ˡ
һӦðɣעһĿĴ¡࣬ӹ˵ڷС˵֮Ƴһȫ͵Ʒ˵ʲôȫ͵Ʒ
ҡͷϸ⣬ϧûҵ𰸡˵еС˵ͣڶѾˣֻʲôȫ͵Ʒ벻ס
һҲ벻סһԿ϶Ǿǹӹȫ͵ƷȻΪšȻӦòѡС˵
Ϊǿ϶ģȷܹšˣȥˣȵȫ͵ƷʱȻ֪ˡӦòõȵ̫á
һãǾĿԴ

Ҷһʡ¡ˣѾкܳһʱûһˡ
ڣһ
֮һΪӹġЦˡ
ڹӹ֮ǰС˵ʢĴңӹճ֮С˵Ĵңֻйӹһҡ
ҲĽʡڮٹӹֶ֮Թӹ׵İݷı̬
ı̬֮ͻС˵
ӹᣬĳ̶ֳ˵ǵʦ
ڣӹС˵ипǧļǵãӹƳһС˵ԽŮʱ龰
һ龰·죬ȻڣӹѾҪС˵ˡ
ʱ̫죬ǶƺûзӦ
ȻӹƳһС˵ԽŮʼʽС˵ڼʱҲȷ
ⲻʱӹϵƳ˴С˵䣬һſźǣԶҫС˵硣
ҶпӹͻȻճּˣʽʡνҲҴңȥҲҴҡС˵ԣֻһβó̡
һʵҶ˵ǳǡС˵ڹӹԣֻһó̡ɡ
µ֮ýˣС˵罫γȺ¹ľ档
˵òȷγȺ¹ľ档ڰڵ˵սҲǻҺڴ
ҶЦȻǺж־
ҲЦǱȲ˹ӹ˵һӵọ́ȻҪֶ־ңȻˣҲҪֶ־
Ҷ⻰ûҲдȷҪֶ־С
һʵӹӦúܿͻʽС˵ˣⶼǷǳʧź
µѾ޷ģûйӹС˵ӣǱҪϰߡ
ֻǲ֪ӹ˵ģȫ͵Ʒʲô͵ģ˷ǳ棡
ҶȻȫͣǿ϶ûеͣȷ˷ǳ档ʲôͣǹӹһµó̡
ӹһ֮ã;ʱ򣬻ȥĵطתתС˵Ϸ籾һ·ķ羰
һʵĽóһһΣǣֻС˵ˡ
ҶĽҲûãӹֻһŬ;ķ羰øͺˡ
µ˵ûȻǵóֻһΣͬ;ķ羰



һǧŰ һδ
ϣǳĬ˺þ֮ʼۡ
Ȼǧﲻ֪ôӺ˵ҲҪ˵̫Ҫ
ڻǵʱΣȷѲˡ
ϣӹܹݻС˵֪϶ǲܵˡ
ȷˣҲҪ롣ʵӹΪǴôľƷӦ֪ˡ
ǵȷӦ֪ˣؼǺõƷлӶࣿ
˵ҲǣȻӹѾôľƷȻǿľƷ
ֻϧӹܿҪʽС˵ˣ治ϣϢ
Ϣһ˲ΪԵĽ㣬ǲ뿴С
Ǵڿʼ׼ɡ


ЦᣬӹʱпʽС˵ǣ˵ġ
ýڡЦĵһʱ䣬׷׽˱
ӹЦᣬչӹ֮ǰ˵ӹڡЦ֮ʽС˵
ЦᣬӹʽС˵
ЦᣬӹС˵ڹӹС˵ʱʽΪȥ
ӹС˵ʱС˵ӭȺ¹ʱ


ʥ塣
ĺһС˵˵ټʵҲǳĲᡣ
ʹ˷С˵ľı䣬Ȼᣬûź
ĩҲص˴ӡ
顢ضŮһڴй䣬֣ࡢҡؼλүӡ
סʵСľҪʽС˵𣿡
ͷȻˣѾ˵İ
źۼһ̾ͷ˵ҲǸѡʲôʱ繫ڣ飬ȫʮֹע
΢һȰɡ
˵ͷ֪ȻѾ˾ʵﻹǷǳġȻܹС˵ȡ֮ߵĳɾͣǾ˵С˵һŷǳĸ顣
ȻǾԲȡ֮ߵĳɾ͵ġ
Ȼ֮׵ĸ£
һ̾浽ҪʽʱȷǳĲᣬС˵ڣȷԸᡣ
վҪģϵһʱȴϲһ
ҲգǾɡ
ǣ½ӹ΢һѾ༭õϢ
ӡԽŮЦǹͬһһһĽ磬֤һһĵ
ҹͬ߹ĵطǹͬӵйĻЦ͸ж
һ磬ϵҲϵߡ
ڣҺʹ˵ټʱĽӴ֮󣬽ҡ
ʽС˵ҵС˵ľʹ˶񣬡ЦС˵ķ֮
ҪС˵˵ټˣ
ҲǺʹ˵ټȻǲǻ
ټĿʼһطԡ
ҷǳڴʹһεǸʱǵĹ¿ʼ

ӹʽС˵Ϣڻˡ
ܶڴľϲվûг֣ӹС˵ѳʵ
һϢڼ̵ʱ֮ڣΪԵĽ㡣
ⲻС˵Ĵ£ҲѧĴ£һϢӰἫ
ýڵһʱ䣬͸˴ı
ӹʽС˵ڹӹС˵ʱ
ӡԽŮЦӹճּˣֻһڹӹ棡
ĻӹʽС˵С˵ʧҲʱʧ
ڹӹС˵ʱС˵ʽȺ¹ʱ


ʱѧί칫ҡ
̾һ˵ڻˣȻ¶Ѿʵ裬֮ǰǼ飬Ҳճˡ
貨ͷȷʱˣ֮ӹȷ֮
˹ӹ֮⣬ûʸڹӹС˵µһδ档룬κ˶顣
貨ԹӹĽʺ޵˰ɡ
ЩֱӺԾͺˣͰ걨ͨʿ˵ܹﵽٷ֮١
貨һʮҪ˵ӦþһʢʽģϧӹˡʱˣӹȻûйݵĴ㡣ֵľ磬˲ò
̾һ˵ֵľ磬С˵磬һδ°ɡ
貨ЦЦ˵Ҳɡ



һǧŰ ֮
ӹʽС˵һǼȸеǳźͿϧҲһЩ˷ܺڴ
ý˵С˵ڹӹʱˣȺ¹ʱ
Ⱥ¹ָȻЩǣҲ˵ǵʱˡ
ǵʱӹʱԻͣԼʱ
ԣźͿϧ֮࣬ҲЩ˷ܣЩڴ
ǵȦ鲻ֹ
ӹʽС˵һڻˣӹʱˣС˵磬Ҫ֧ˡ
ʵ˵ҺȻѹܴڹӹĴ£ڵС˵˻Ի͡ڹӹʣ治֪ǻܼܲС˵ĻԻͣȻ̫߶㣬ѹӦõǵļϡ
ڽһҶһʡµ˵ȷвСѹЩͨ˵ʵûʲôѹ
ǵʱˣ˭ܹץסλԼһҪԼˡ
ˣ֮ǰϢ˵ӹС˵֮󣬽ᱻΪ֮Ӧòൽʱ˰ɣ
ӦÿˣʱӦûʱѧίᣬ͹ѧЭʽ
֮С˵ˣĽּʣ
ĽҲûãС˵ʸˣΨйӹһˡ
һߵѧĴ£ǹͬȴһ̵ĵɡ
ӹܹá֮С˵Ľ


־硣
֮ߵĽּʣһ˵ȣԼĽ
ߵһ߲Ľ
пһ˵ֻС˵ĽʣС˵ߣضǳĽʣһЩݵˣǳĽؽǧţ
һҲ֪زʲôʱŻʽǽǼĵʱ̡
䷢ͬϷȻкܶҪߡʱ̹עžͺá
һ˵ͷԵúЩ˷ܺͼ
ȻǰģǸе˷ܺͼ
ʵϣھǣеǳ˷ܺͼ֮ǰ˵һڹӹ˵ҲС˵繲ͬ

ʥ塣
ҲԵúЩ˷ܺͼ˵Сӣϲˣ֮ҶЩĽ
Ͻϣ¶ûأһЩСϢ׻һء
ֵɲСϢʵϣ֮ǰʱҾѾ֪ϢС˵Сӱֵüһ㣬Ҫô
ЦϣڱȻЩҵǷǳġ˵ⲻûʽҵõ͵һ㡣
Сӵ͵ʱ㵹֪͵ˡƽʱСӵ͵һ㣬ȴNɪ
ϣɾԩ˰һֱܵ͵òã
һԼȥᡣ

֮
ʱѧίᡢѧЭᣬ緢һ򹫸档
УΪϸĽһӹС˵ĸſӡԽŮʼЦ
֮ϸˣӹС˵ȡõĸԼľ޴Ӱ
֮ϸˣӹС˵С˵ķչĻķչռ𵽵ļΪ޴ƶá
󣬹ƹӹһֵˣС˵ֺĸ֣С˵ʷϣӹĵλ߶ΰǵ֮ġ֮
֮
һ򽫹ӹΪ֮Ĺ淢֮˲ڸ˼ΪشӰ졣
Ȼ֮ܶǰѾõϢʽʱǻǸеΪĸп
˾۽ӹܶ಻С˵߲С˵ˡ
ЩС˵߲С˵˵֮ǰ֪Ϣ
ͻȻ֮俴һ򹫸棬𾪣־ùӹȷʸ񣬱Ϊ֮
֮һϵû뵽ӹȻΪ֮ˡ
ӹС˵ӰǼΪ޴ģʽС˵Ϊ֮Ҳġ
ӹΪֻ֮ΪС˵ľ޴ӰжĻӰ졣ĵһӾ硶ԽŮӾ㣬Ҳͬ˷ǳ޴ӰȵȡУȻС˵ʵҲͬӹӰ죬ΪҪӾ硣ûйӹǲܿӾġ
˵ûǺִ͡ߵģܵ˹ӹľ޴Ӱ졣ӹȷơ֮




һǧŰ ҪƳһվ
ЩС˵߲С˵鲻ֹһǸϲ
ȻӹС˵ǳĸˣӹڱΪ֮Ƿǳ˷ܡ
˵õĽ֡
ϢȻģӹȻΪ֮ˣʵ̫˷ܺͼˡ
ӹΪ֮Ľ֣
ӹǵ֮ġ֮Ϊӹ󻶺


˷ܣһҲͬ˷ܣڵȵʽˣڹӹ˵ҲС˵
ΪֻеʱѧѧЭᡢĻػȫϿС˵ŻὫбܳһΪ֮
ػûȫͬС˵ôǹӹС˵ӰٴҲܱػΪ֮
ⲻһߵҲŹҶС˵ȫϿɡ
ԣе˵ⶼһֵ˷ܵ顣
ӹΪ֮С˵һγ׵üˡ
С˵ʱѧѡйӹΪ֮С˵ڵĵλܶС˵򶼱Ȳ˵ˡ
ȷʵΪһС˵ߣҸе㹻Ľ
ȻˣôС˵һֱڵַپ棬ͳΪ߹ͬˡ
ǵȻÿһλߣӦεʶ


˷ܣС˵ǣҲͬпǧ
ӹΪ֮С˵ڵĵλǲһˡ
ʵӡӢ۴ʱѧʼС˵λѾܲһˣ֮һֱǵơڹӹΪ֮ʵҲ
ӹһţһ˲ʱ䣬ӲĽС˵Ӳĵλǿ£
ӹΪ֮ķڷģȷǸʸ񡣡
ӹѾΪ֮ȴô͵أ֪һˣ
һǻ֪ģ֮ǰҪĵĵȴ


ʥ塣
֮𣿡˵
ıܵĻĲ䲻жô˷ܺͼҲпǧ
ȷһߵ͵ǰЩƷĽɡ
֮ĹҺ磬ЩƷϿɣҲС˵Ͽɡ
ҲͲЩƷˡ
֮С˵ĽҲһС˵Ŀʼ
ǰС˵֮⣬д͵ľƷ
ʹԶԶûɡ
ˣҪ׼һȫ͵Ʒˡ
һȫ͵ƷƳ֮ǰһǳҪҪɣȻܹƳȫ͵Ʒ

֣ࡢҡλүӣڴһɢһ졣
֮ûбĽˡֻһСӵС˵ģǳ׵ĻϾˡ
֣Ѿ׵Ļ˾šСڵ˼Ѿȫȫ͵Ʒˡ
ҡͷСӰС˵ŵÿ湻Ѹٵġ
ҵͨʱĹ۲죬νȫ͵Ʒҵ֪һϢ
Ŷ֣ࡢͬʱҡ
֣˵أʲôϢ֪ʲô͵Ʒ𣿡
ҡͷϢƳȫ͵Ʒ֮ǰҪƳһʲôվ
һվ֣ࡢһɻ
ƳһվƳȫ͵Ʒ֮䣬ʲôϵ
ҵҲûףҪƳһվ¶ܹȷֻǲ֪Ƴȫ͵Ʒʲôϵ
֣ȷʵ޷⣬Сصġ
֪ΪʲôƳһվλүɻ󲻽ʱصڲԶ
λүͬʱŤͷغˣûпҲ֪Сȥˣ
Ů߽ʵѾͷ֪Ϊʲô
һЦ˵Ϊȫ͵ƷҪƳվϽء
ԭλүͬʱ˵ͷƷѾİˡ
֮ǰкüƷصģƷ塷μǡȡ
ֻǣǰ΢أһΪʲô΢ˣҪרƳһվأǲ̫һˣʲô壿
λүֲˡ
˵ƷصĻǻǰһ΢ؾͿˡΪʲôһҪרƳһվ
صҲֻ֪֪֮ҪƳһվΪµƷ
ֿ飬ЦЦ˵ҲֻȻҪǾһĵ
صͷСӴϹȻ׼ˣǵȷ϶⣬ֻڻ޷²ˡ
ҡ֣ࡢλүͬʱҡҡͷ黹ȫ㲻״



һǧŰһʮ Ʒв²
ӹȫ˼Ѿ䵽ȫ͵Ʒϣ˵ǵ˼ڹӹƷԼС˵Ϊ֮Щ档
ңעܳһʱ䡣
ý׷׶Դ˽רⱨ
רⱨУжڹӹµľƷдķۡ
ҲжԹӹС˵֮С˵磬ֳʲô״зչ
жԹӹΪ֮һ£зۣӹΪʲôܱΪ֮
רⱨռ˸ͷͷ˶ڹעۡ
˸ý֮⣬һңǣҲԼ΢ϣԼķʽԼ顣
дӡԽŮʼЦӹԼ֮áڣֽһµó̡㹻ţһµọ́ҲעǴ档
貨дйӹӰΪ˸ˡʵûбҪ̫ڸˣӹԼ˵ֻǶС˵˵ټǶ˵ټһȫ͵ƷǸʱǽٴꡣ
һдֻΪ㡯ǹӹ˵һ仰ʮϲһ仰Źӹ᲻ϵΪǴµƷβ롣˵ģ
ҶдټĿʼһطԡǹӹĻҲǹӹĳŵڴӹһꡣ
һдӹ뿪һŵճȥæ䣬ֻһǰ޹ˣߵĴ档Ѿ뿪˽ȴԶĴ˵
дӹķʣʹС˵磬˲ʧȥԭɫΪ˸ˡڸ֮࣬ҲҪȼ־ȡС˵磬ָԭɫ
߸дŹӹܿͻῪһµĴọ́Ǹʱ˶ꡣ

ڶǣԼ΢ϣԼ飬ǿ֮Ȼпǧ
ӹС˵ʮָˣӹΪ֮ʮ˷ܺͼ
ڣҲã˷ܺͼҲգΪָп
ԼԹӹȫƷڴ
˵ӹȻС˵˵ټûж˵ټսٻһȫ͵Ʒ
ٸˣҲ޷ӹصС˵Ȼˣǻ罫ĵףֻԹӹȫƷڴ
һǾܹ飬ڴӹһꡣ
ôӹȫ͵Ʒһʲô͵Ʒ
Ŀǰ˵ûһ֪
һЩǣҲԹӹȫ͵Ʒ˷Ͳ²⣬ûеóĴ𰸡
ʵϣӹں֮ǰѾȫƷĸġ
ӹȫƷĸʱѾĲ²͹ע
ֻǸʱ򣬹ӹС˵ԶûнڹӹȫƷûϵͳĹע
ǶûεĹעǸʱֻϣӹܹƷϣӹȥʲôȫ͵Ʒ
ڹӹȫƷʵ̫ȤȻûи̫Ĺע
ȻӹҲֻôһȫ͵ƷûĲ
ҲǣûϵͳעһҪԭ
ڣѾ֮ǰȫͬȻӹȻûжȫ͵ƷйĲѾϵͳȫע
֮ǰȫ͵Ʒ̫ȤΪǸʱǵȫ˼ڹӹƷ֮ϡ
ڣӹʽС˵Ƴȫ͵ƷȻȻģȫ͵Ʒ˼Ȥҳ޾ڴ
ҲһҲеעȫ˹ӹȫƷϡ
ҿʼνȫ͵Ʒʲô͵Ʒ
һЩýҲͬ˷Ԥ⡣
ֻңý壬ûиĴ𰸡
ֻΪȫ¡֡
ЩңýǸĴ𰸣еС˵ϣмӹóĴ𰸡
ϸ˵Щʵ֮ǰС˵ͣƲϡȫ¡֡
ǹӹ֮ǰĴС˵һС˵ǹӹ¿С˵ͣ˵ȫµ͡
ΪС˵ҲС˵ֻС˵ĻϣһͰˣʵС˵
ڣӹȻˡȫ¡֣ǾͱҪƳС˵ĿǰΪֹȫûеС˵ͣҲĿǰĳ͵С˵ϣһ͡
ЩҺýǵĴ𰸣ȻͲˡ
Һý˵Ҳȷֻ˲²⡣
Ȼȫ͵Ʒǲ²ⲻҲ
ʵϣȷûܹ²ó
֪ԼĴ𰸲⣬Ҳȷ𰸣ЩҺýǣȻִ˲˵Ĳ²⡣
Ҫ鹦ڹӹӰˡ
ֻ֪Ҫǽв²ˣܴǶԻǴͬҵĹעۡ
ʵȻҲȷ
֪ЩǴģȻһִۣ˲ˡ



һǧŰһʮһ ʱ
ʥ塣
֪Ƴģȫ͵ƷʮֹעڶԵʲôȫ͵ƷиַͲ²⡣
ֻһΣҲ²ġ
Ҳô繫𰸣ȥͲ²ˡ
ңܿƳȫ͵ƷҪһʱ֮ŻƳ
Ȼ׼Ҫǰġ
ν׼ƳһվһרС˵վ
һվյķչ򣬱ǰģ
ʱƣƶ£ѿ
֮ǰѡ΢ƷΪȸǹһǾС˵ǿϿģҷǳķ㡣
̣ƳרС˵վǱ㲻ͻأ;ȣҲڵһʱѸٽܡ
ʵϣڵĺܶ˵ѾܵϿС˵ĺôҲ֪С˵ǿϿġ
ĻϣƳվҽͱȽˡ
Ȼֻǵһ֮кܳ·Ҫߣ̻ЩۣһܹǰУΪ磬ٲʢʱ
Ǹʱǵ֮ġ֮ˡ
Դˣǳڴ
ڣؼĵһȥʱڣС˵һĹ
ʱѾ𽥳졣

ʡǡ
顢߳ʡǿվ
һʡǣΪ˼Ƴվһ¡
ȻϰһĻ˦ϰ壬ңĶ˵ȫİģڿʼ׶ΣҪԲٵ͵Ҳɡ
ȾҪվƺͽɿʼѾվ֣ͽ㻪
ʼ㻪Ψһߡ
㻪С˵ǰ΢С˵Ȼȫһġ
ΪڣΨһߣ㻪ĴʼˣҪվʽߺӪȻǰһÿ½ھͿˡ
վҪӪҪһӪŶӣٿǵԺӪվܱࡢࡢ࣬عߣԱЩһ١
·ʵýҪĻӪ⣬ڶ˵һȫİĸĺվӪеһУȫİġ
ЩҪȥ䣬ֱӪŶܹܺõ⣬ӵ˷ĵִ
˵ڿʼܻһ㣬֮󣬿϶ͻԽԽˡ
Դˣڴ

Ц־硣
ӹС˵糤ԪܱΰԼ־еĹԱ˵Ȼһǳź顣
޷ٿӹƷ֮⣬Ц־϶ǻܵһЩӰġ
ȻЩӰ죬Ц־Ϊ౨־ϴĵλǲܵӰġ
һΪӹӰһֱ־ѾӵзǳߣңҲˡ
Ц־ľȻġ
糤칫ҡ
糤Ԫ˵Сˣϰѡһ༭³һ飬׼ôˣ
ܱΰ˵糤Ѿ׼ˣһЩ༭ǿ۹׼ǿ
Ԫͷ˵ϰ˵ΪվӪ׼˵ϰվʲôãҪôı༭
ΰҡҡͷ˵Ҳϰ彫ҪƳģȫ͵Ʒйذɡ
ԪܰɣϰҪ֮Ӧþˡ
ΰͷЦ˵ϰѾкܳһʱûˡ
ԪҲЦȷ־Աûмء
Ц־ڵԱˣеľȷûм
ǰ̨ǸȴǼġ
ڣּˡ
߽־ţмһӣļõӡ
˵֮ͻȻλϵΪӵľɫգΪŮ˶ա
ΪϳмǸӵݡ
æǰ̨߳ӭ˳ȥ˵ϰ壬ˣ
ơܾò̫ʣָĿڳΪϰ塱
ϵӣϴʱǰ̨ӣͦƯģҲЦãˡ
ɫ΢΢һ죬Щҿȴ͵ߵһۣ֮˵ϰ壬ҪϢһ𣿡
Ϣֱȥ糤칫ҡ
ӵõϰ壬Ϊ·
ڰ֣Ц鷳㣬ϵ·Լȥͺˣæġ
ӱҪ˹ȥ룬˵õģϰߡ
ͷ˵ټú顢һ糤칫ȥ



һǧŰһʮ 
˵糤칫ң˫ʺְ֮һ֮˵ϡ
Ԫ˵ϰ壬ҪƳһվվҪʲôõģ
ЦרС˵ġ
Ԫΰһۣ룬Ȼˡ
֮Ԫ˵ϰһȫ͵ƷǴֻϰǰ΢صһôҪרƳһվˣ
ǰ΢أֻҵĳԣҪһС˵ĿԣԼǵĽ̶ܳȡڳѾ˽ǷǳڽܵģҲܵϿС˵ĺôô͸ʵʩһƻˡϾ΢Ϊ壬ǳԶ֮ơ
ʵʩһƻԪΰ˼
ΰ˵ϰ˵һƻƳһרС˵վȻվϣϰƷ
ͷˡ
ԪƬ̣˵ϰ壬רƳһվС˵⵱Ȼûʲô⡣ֻ᲻ЩԴ˷ѣңרƳһվС˵ƺûʲô塣
΢΢һЦԪ˵⣬ʵϣ˵ҪרƳһվС˵ˣ롣
ֻһ˵С˵ƷĻȷЩ˷ԴƳվĿģֻҪԼƷ
˵糤ܱ֮࣬ҪƳôһվֻΪҸ˵ƷҪṩôһƽ̨Ժ󣬻߻ƽ̨ϣԼƷ
ԭˡԪΰ˶˼֮ˣһ˵Ǿˡ
ֻǣȻ಻׵ĵط
Ԫ˵ϰ壬Ϊһƽ̨뷨ǼõġֻС˵ûиõġûиѵĻĻѡǵƽ̨С˵𣿱ϾߣƷ붼ֻиһ;
Цǰ΢С˵ȷȫѵģⲢС˵ѵġԺǵվʽƳ֮صС˵ҪշѵģҪĶС˵ĻҪĶȻÿһС˵ǰ涼һĶһ֮ҪĶ
ǿԸǰѡҪҪĶǿ֧ķãһУվ߹֡һվ棬Ҳͬи롣ȻⲢ˵ֻҪǵվƷһи룬ǻÿƷƷУûԸ⸶ĶȻûиˡ
ҪĶһεĻϢеԪΰҪúõһ¡
δŶˣ˼
һ֮Ԫ˵߸ĶҲӦõģڶȥС˵ı־ҲҪǮһؼڶ߿ʱҪķǶ٣ˣǿ϶Ը⸶Ķˣվߵֲܵõϡ
ĿԪһۣȷĹؼڣ˵糤˵öԣȷĹؼڣ˵ǷǳҪġֻڲۣԺۡ
Ԫͷȷһ㣬룬˵ϰ壬˵Żжǵƽ̨Ʒ
ǰڿܲ࣬վĲϷչ϶٣ʮ򣬼ǧ򣬶пܵġ
⻰ǿţԶǰ࣬ʢĳ֣С˵ߵȻҲǰࡣ
Ȼ࣬׬Ǯȴֻڴ˵ȴûлر
һĪκε顣
ʮ򣿼ǧôࣿԪΰһĻôߣǵƽ̨Ʒ
ʵ˵ǲŵģ⻰˵ģֲòš
֪Ķ۹⣬ԶԶܹȵģȻ˵ˣʵ϶
̾˼֮󣬹ΰ˵ˣϰ壬ǵվƽ̨ʲô֣
ЦЦ˵㻪
㣿Ԫΰ˵ͷɽС˵ڻȷֻ㣬ֵȷʺϲ
֮ԪΰѯһЩ⣬ȫһһ
󣬼뿪糤칫ңǰ־мλרҵվдԱˮƽǿҪȥվ
ΰԼλվдԱ˵˵֪ҪΪϰдһվ֮ȫԵ÷ǳ˷ܺͼʮֽš
ôҪǱдվﲻϰҪﻹ־磿
ЦЦü˲ýţ󣬺ͼ˵ͨվҪƣҪЩʲôܵȵȡ
ȫעţ˿



һǧŰһʮ ƷԤ
վҪƣҪЩʲôܣͼλվдԱ֮ͨ󣬾뿪
ȵվ֮Ҫ޸ĵĵطʱ޸ġ
뿪֮ȥ˱༭
֮ǰʱùΰѡһҵ룬۹׼¸ǿı༭ʱһµĹ顣
齫ǽ㻪ĵһ༭Ŷӡ
һʱ10༭ǣһЩᣬȴѾ˼깤༭
ͱ༭Ǽ򵥵Ľһ֮⣬ΰѡ༭۹ȻǷǳ׼ġ
ûкͱ༭ϸ˵Ժ飬һΪʱ仹磬ûҪ˵̫࣬飬ΰ˵ûбҪ˵
뿪༭֮ֺԪΰ˵һЩ飬֮顢ضŮһ뿪־硣
־ʱûʲôˣ׼Ůúõһ棬شﲩ̫ĵطֵȥһȥ

ʱڹ顢ضŮȥ˲ٵĵطɽԭʼ֡ƫƧȵȡ
ͬĵطԲͬķòͬҲŲͬķ顣
ط֮ипԶеĸҪ˫ȥߣеĸܵ
ʱ˵;һۣѾ֮
Ц־缸վдԱ㻪ƺͱдѾɡ
ڼ䣬ͨԶ̵ķʽվ˶ˣվдԱڶ޸֮ȷ
֮󣬱дԱְվڷϣһȷûκ©֮ڳһǵԲˡ
ֻİţʽվˡ
µʱڹӹһȫƷֲ²飬ʼڳȶһֱǳߡ
Ȼµʱ䣬ӹûʲôӦʼղԽԽȵơ
ΪⶼµʱȥˣӹʽƳһȫƷʱ䣬Ӧþ͸˰ɡ
ԽҾԽڴ
ĳĥţǵȷԽԤˡ
ҪԤȣд㡣
½ӹ΢ôһ֣
ʱ䣺Ӧں硢ǰ
ص㣺ݺ
زʣΪ߹
䱾ûʲôɵģ̫ۼ磬֮£籩֣꣬ҰΪֵܵ
Ϊ֮ϣ飬֮£鴦޵á
֮˵񣬳ߵݣԼ봴ĸĤݣ߿࣬ʢ

ʱգ˼֮ˣ֮꣬ʤݺ֮˼ʿ֮֮࣬ܣ㲻ͬ
֮δҵ˴˼ȴ֣֮а֮֮Ż֮Ķɱ¾С
ǰңԶ׽𽥳˵Ŀꡣ
֮аħ˱ܡԭɽˮ㣬ʢḻΪռݡԡš¡ȡΪ֧Ϊ䡣
£Ǵӡšʼġ
һ΢ϸ֮û˵ҲûеƷԤ棬еһУԼȥ²⡣
ΪʲôҲ˵һƷԤ棬ﵽЧ˵̫࣬ЧһЩۿۡ
Ȼ֮Կȫȡڹӹھ޴Ӱ
ӰĻǲܹġ
ʮڴһ֣
һʲôƷ
ǰһԾƷɡ
ҲΪȫƷѡĵһƷ
֮ѡɡΪһƷҪԭ
һΪⲿƷԾ䣬ǵ֮һƪԻ𳹵׵ĺ䶯
ⲿƷȻǹŵƷеһЩطϡܹӰӣһЩдϡ
ҲҲʽΪˣɡǰΪӹʥ
Ļ˵ȫ͵Ʒɡɵѡ
⣬Ҳǹǰ¥ġɽղûѡһƷ
ΪⲿƷ䣬ΪⲿƷԪŨħС˵
ȻⲿƷΪ䣬ԺӰ켫󣬽ӹԼʱĺܶĴ񣬶ܵⲿƷӰ죬˵ⲿƷѵѡ
ΪҪһȫ͵ƷһٿĴʱĻ
ȻԺܻῼƳɽ
Ͼһ˾ƷĻ϶ǻ˸еǳźġ



һǧŰһʮ Ҹ̫ͻȻ
ʱѧί칫ҡ
˿˵ӹѾȥµʱ䣬һʱҲӦòˣʱӹӦþͻƳȫ͵Ʒ˰ɣ
貨ʱȷˣһεôãȻǹӹģҪƷһʱ֮Ƴȫ͵Ʒ
ͷȷˣҲȷӦõһʱ䣬ƷȺúõĳһ£ȻƳȫ͵ƷƳ̫ĻЧáʱǲˣڵȵˡ
貨ʱǶһ¹ӹ΢ʱӹʱп΢ϣȫƷϢ
ЦʱˣʱڹעŹӹ΢΢һи£Իڵһʱ䴫磬벻֪С
貨ҲЦЦ˵⵹Ҳǡ˵ȫ͵Ʒʲô͵Ʒʱʼһ⣬ʼûеóĴ𰸡
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ²ⲻʱҲãýҲգ˸ָĴ𰸣оЩ𰸶׼ȷҹûܹ²óġûйϵӦò˶ãͿ֪ȷĴˡ
貨Ըˣµʱ䣬ҲȷӦýˡ룬ȵӹ΢µʱ򣬴Ӧþܹ˰ɡ
Ȼ

һʱǳæµΪռģӹԴȫþ˻
Ȼ˻ϲ˳ûа취顣
ǻϲˣǳˣʱæµ֮࣬һͬ顣
Ǿʱ̹עŹӹ΢Ķ̬
֮ӹڷС˵֮󣬵˻Ƴһʲôȫ͵ƷȻÿһߣǳĵ顣
ʵǷǳĺ棡
ԣǾæ͵еģһڹӹƷ⡣
ⶼ¹ȥˣӹûƳȫ͵Ʒû׼ãǹôõģ
ǹôõģӦ綼Ѿ׼ˡ֮ԵôãֻΪС˵һ£мôһɵʱ䡣
µʱҲˣŹӹʱͻƳˡҲ֪ʲôȫ͵Ʒ
˭֪أ֪ľ⣬ҲȥҲ²𰸣ʵ
Ӧÿˣȵӹ΢иµʱ򣬴ӦþͽˣӦþʱˡ
ǾĿԴ


־硣
һ˵࣬µʱӦò˰ɣ
ȷоˣʱӹܾͻ΢ϣ¹ƷϢˡ
һͷֵϣܹһ㷢Ϣ֪𰸣ʼǲ̤ʵ
ЦЦһﲻ̤ʵܹ⡣
ΪӹΪһˣһʼʱҪԽӹΪԼܹԽӹֹӹԶеҪǿ̫࣬ͲܳԽһ־η
˾η֮󣬽һ̬˳׵ת䣬ڽһʼջӹһϸµġ
Ϊˣŷǳ֪ӹڷС˵ֻ֮Ƴһʲôȫ͵Ʒ
֪͹ӹ֮䣬Ŀǰ֪Ĳ֮⣬Щʲôδ֪Ĳࣿ
һ첻֪𰸣һ첻̤ʵ
֪֮󣬲³ֵĲжﶼ̤ʵ
ܹ⽣һЦЦ˵СƣӦõȲ˶ˡ
һͷ˵Ըˡ

ңǶڴڹ˵ȻҲ͸ڴˡ
µʱÿ춼ִۣ˲ˡ
ȥˣӹ鵽ʲôʱųʵǵȲˡ
оӦÿҪ˰ɣ
ƷһٳҲûйϵؼǹӹܲǰһԤ氡Ҳ֪ʲôȫ͵ƷⶼǺüµʱˣʵ̫֪ˡ
ǰԤ桢ʲôģҲ
ⶼˣӹ΢һ㷴ӦûУܣǰһҲ
ûµʱ򣬶ජһ¹ӹ΢ɣ˵ʲôʱͻͻȻһϲ
أʱʱţֻ⾪ϲٳٲ
Ҫżܻġ
˵ϣϲԽԽáھ͵½ȥһأϲϲûУȵȣղݣоϲӹ΢ˡ
УŹ֣ôɵ£˵ϲϲľˣ
ǣƭǡ
ǡٺ٣𣿡ʱ䣺Ӧں硢ǰص㣺ݺزʣΪ߹Ҳ⻰
زʣΪ߹⻰Բ˵óġҲӹĸ΢ˣ
ϻ˹ӹ󣬻˭дóĻϽ½ӹ΢ȻĸˡҸȻúͻȻ
ϲúͻȻʵ̫˷ˣ
ղݣô˫ֶЩˡ
ղݣôͻȻôˣ춼򲻿Ǽˡ
ٱˣһ˲䣬ʹӹ΢̫ˣס˰ɡҲˣǳ΢ǱӦðѷˡ
ǣҲ֪õķô˻û򿪣Ǽˣ



һǧŰһʮ زʣΪۻ
֪ǲΪ⣬ܶڷʹӹ΢ʱ򣬿˰Ҳûнȥǲˡ
˼£ò˹ӹ΢ĸ£Ȼȴڹؼʱ̷ʲˣȷ൱ĵۡ
ֱ˺һ֮Щ˲̷ʵӹ΢
һȻˣݻ٣һۿȥһΡ
ϲ˷ܡ飬Ȼٲ˵ˡ
ƽһ飬ϸȥʱ䣺Ӧں硢ǰ仰ûɶ
ص㣺ݺ仰Ҳûɶ
Ȼڿһ仰ʱȫͻȻס
زʣΪۻ
Ȳ仰ʲô˼仰žһֱƸǳǳߵĸоָоݣһϢĸо
˶һ仰૵߶˺ü飬ֱоƸ̫ˡ
仰ǰӵġ¾زʣΪۻʥ˲ʣ԰Ϊۻ
仰˼һ˵⣬Ǿǡغܲδȣﶼۻһ㣬Ū
ʵǲȷģ仰˼ǣνʣҲνʣﶼۻ˭ﶼһ˭ãҲ˭һȻչ
Ҳ˵صﶼһһĶԴ
ôڡɡⲿƷУ仰Ӧð˼ȥ⣿
ʵⶼܹ˵ͨΪزδȣ鶼ۻݺϵĸ˱࣬
ҲΪνδȣݺϵĸﶼһãҲаҲãаҲգ˶ԼС˲֮ˣҲҪȥĴҲᴹҪԼŬȥ࿹
ⶼԣںһ⡣
Ȼֻ˵Ĺ۵㡣
Ҫ⣬ʼǣؾĹ۵Ƿȷ
ôǣֻһ仰
仰ıƸǳߣ˼ʵ⣬һΪ˼⡣
ҲǡزδȣﶼۻһԴ˼
ԣǶġ
仰ζ֮Ǽ濴
䱾ûʲôɵġΪ֮ϣ飬֮£鴦޵á֮˵
ɣѵС˵ǵһʱȫ롣
ܿ죬Ǿͷ뷨С˵Ȼȫ͵ƷС˵
ӹⲿƷʵС˵⵹ǿԿ϶ˡ
ջ֮󣬼¿
֣ϴƣ鳤ȴǾԡ׷ԭ£һ֮ʿǰ̣ͶСȴһЩ֮ʿ͸Щ컯Է֮ǿر֮أ֮һЩõǰ˵ѻǧ֮ö֮ΪõɣиͶ֮·
رأ֮˵ǰܹܺõ⣬һλЩˡ
֮Ի£ΪҿЩ֣Щ˼Щ¡
桱ʲô˼ܶ˲
˶ΪʲǹӹԭԹ֮
ڵУѧУңȥα棬Ϊ桱Ҳơ޵
ЩһͣЩҲˡ
ȻǶˣȻЩ¡
Щ֮ƾرأ֮ô
Ҫ֪ˣɣҲħͨҲܹӵǿ
иͶ֮·ѵһƷ
Ȼǰһ֣ǹӹƷĽܺԤ档
һ㣬Ӧܹȷӹʱ㣬һƷ޹صݲǡ
ʱȻЩ±ƣȴѾЩףӹƳȫ͵Ʒʲôȫ͵Ʒˡ
ֻλϢ̫ǻҪĥ
滹гһΣȿ˵ݺޱߡΨԭأǷ֡ʱգ˼֮ˣ֮꣬ʤ£Ǵӡšʼġ
΢ȫ꣬һѾȷǾǹӹȫƷһƷ
Ȼڻ֪⵽Ӧʲô͵Ʒĸ֣ҲǴˡ
ʱʣڽ⿪Ǵʱ鼫ΪˬƺͻȻ֮䳩ࡣ
Ȼ⿪ˣȴȻЩµ״̬
⵽׻һʲôӵС˵ÿ



һǧŰһʮ ʥ֮
ʽ⿪ˣǹƷ
𰸹Ȼ֮ǰܹµģ۴ҵԶδ󿪣Ҳ벻ӹдһƷ
˭ܹ뵽ҲдС˵Թûġ
ܹ뵽ĲŽС˵ˣйӹһˡ
ĵȷȷһȫ͵Ʒ
ֻǣĵС˵׻ʲôӵģ涼Щʲôݣ֮⣬ħ
ЩǵһƬհףȫûиЩ¡
ӹӹ΢ϵУƺܹһ
߻֮أɽˮ񣬶ݣζ²ëѪ˼
֮δҵ˴˼ȴ֣֮а֮𡣡
֮аħ˱ܡԭɽˮ㣬ʢḻΪռݡԡš¡ȡΪ֧Ϊ䡣
ЩУܹƷ֮⣬Ӧûݣаħ֣֮Ҳа֮
ȻЩֻܽǱɽһǣ˵ȴ㹻˷ܡ
ϣǹһֵۣȻʼЩԺ±ƣⲻӰ۵顣
ΪȫЩԺ±ƣ۵鷴Ӹǡ
ΪԽԺͲĵطԽ۵ļֵԽܹҵȤ
زʣΪۻϲһ仰Ȼ˼⣬оƸʵ̫ߣֱʥ֮ԡӹ˵ʥ֮ԣʵĤݣ
ûҲϲһ仰Ƹ̫ߵˣԵʥ֮ԡЩţ仰ȻԹӹ֮֡
ӹ˵ûĲδȣеһУۻһ㡣ܾⲿƷ˼˰ɡ
شصȷаΪۻʱ
ӹƷδʽʼأһƸ֮ߵʥ֮ԣҷ·ֻصˣӹһԽŮճʱһƵĸо
ӹһģǻ˴ϲ𺳣ϲӹԭ֮һ
û뵽ҲΪС˵ҲΨйӹõ
ʱĵʿҲ޵ڵĵʿҲǡ޵ǹӹ˵
ϻӹ˵޵֮ˣ캳أ֮Щʵ޵ĵʿôȣ
ݣ֪ӹ˵ݣʲôޣʲôݣʵʵڵĶǹӹ鹹Ķ
֪һָоܵЩֻƷеıɽһǡƷл̫˾Ķȥ֡
һֵĽܣҸоⲿƷһǳƷĺ˵ֻһָо
Ҳͬһָоܸоܻ֣ǳǳ벻Ķ


ʱѧί칫ҡ
֮ǰ˵һӹ΢ڸµĵһʱ䣬Ѿϴ÷зˣǾ벻֪С
˹ӹ΢֮貨˳һ˼µ֪˴𰸣ָоȷ൱̹
ҲͬȫǵԤϡ
֪ǹӹ𰸣Ǿ벻ĵġ
ǿǹӹһμΪ󵨵ĴºͳԣƾӹпհŹӹܹɹ
һУǸе𺳵ģȻǾ䱻ǳΪʥ֮ԡģزʣΪۻ
Ƕһ仰𺳣˵й֮޲
ĸ̾һ֮˵ʥ֮ԡЩǵʮ׼ȷʥ֮ԣоں֮ǰ仰Ѿһ㡣ָо֮ǰ־ʱйû뵽ӹҸܵһΡ
貨Ҳָͬп˵ȷ־ʥ֮ԣ仰Ҳͬʥ֮ԡ͹ӹš
زʣΪۻһߵһ仰һ˼һ֮˵裬ЩǶһ仰⣬𣿡
貨һ˼ƺ⣬һ˵ǵȷ⡣ֻǣ仰Ҫ˼
Ŷ۾һ˵裬ҲΪ𣿡
貨ͷ˵仰˼ǵǡ෴زǲδȣνδȣҲνδȡﶼΪۻ˵жۻŪ˵ﶼһͬȵĶԴ˭ãҲ˭á
һЦ˵ԣӦò仰˼ʥ֮ԣǶһŪ˼
貨ֵϧ仰ֻôһ䣬ܹм䣬ֵܲڡ־֮¡
ȷһϧܵôһ䣬ҲӦ֪ˡ
貨ЦЦ˵Ҳǡ



һǧŰһʮ 벻
־硣
һ񳤳ĺһ˹ӹ΢̤֮ʵˡ
ģһ˼ãҪ֪ԼܲĴһС˵
ӹһϸµ˼ʼմڡ
֪Լ͹ӹĲ̫󣬸ûʸӹһϸ£˼ȴʼ޷Ĩȥ
Ȼһ˼Ҳ޿ɺǣֻҪʶ֮Ĳ࣬äĿţҲΪӹ֮ǿӰ쵽Լ̬С
һ˼ãεҡҡͷѡ˷
ʵ벻һģӦδƷԺûи
ȻҪǿԡһƷĻҲܹóԵĲҲ̶á
ңƷֻ»ĲЦ󷽡
һεһ̾˵࣬ʵ벻ӦԡΪĴƷҺ͹ӹ֮Ĳ࣬ԽԽˡ
Сƣ벻ҲϾǹӹֻһӹʵҲȫܹʲôƷ֪𰸵ˣֻйӹһˡ
һ񻺻ĵ˵ͷ˵ģҲ˶ԷƱģ֪Һ֮ĲԽԽѾ׼
ͷ˵ʵӹһģǡزʣΪۻһ仰һʥ֮ԡ֮ǰġ־Ϊʥ֮ԣڹӹдһ仰ʹıƸһ򵥰
һһۿ仰ʱȷһֿҪϢĸоƸ̫ˡҲǹӹʵ˾
ֵСƣ仰ģ
һ΢΢һ㶣Щʵ˼仰ıƸȻߣ˼ƺɣЩͨǶ˼ο
ԥһ£һ˵࣬仰˼ƺⰡ
ЦЦ˵һ뷨仰ȷ⡣Ҿ仰ȻҲ˵ҵȷġ
һһ㶣˵࣬ʲôѵ仰𣿡
ЦЦûлشһ⣬˵Ҳаɣٿһ
һһɻ

һ벻ףӦԡΪС˵һǣҲͬ벻ס
Ǻͽһһڿ˹ӹ΢֮Ҳͬ˼˺ܳһʱ䡣
ȻûҪ͹ӹһϸµ˼ܹ⣬Ǳǵ˼ά뷨˹ӹĽŲ
һеǣȫеΪ˷ܺͼ飬ԺȦʱ򣬽ΪһװƵļֶΡ
˼ά뷨˹ӹŲˣ˭Ҳ
ԣһþе˼˼ܹ뵽һЩʽ
ϧźģǺͽһһԺȫûиóʲôʽ
벻ֻһ̾ӹ˼ά뷨ȻЩܹͨĦġ
ȻĦǾʵʵĵŹӹƷʽذɡ
ȵӹƷʽܹ֮׹ӹ˼ά뷨˰ɡ
ԭΪ֪˹ӹȫ͵Ʒʲôȫ͵Ʒ֮ǾͲٺˡ
ȴ˭֪֪˴֮ȻǷǳĺ֮ͣǰҪӵĺ͡
ΪʵǺ֪ԡΪĵƷӹ׻νд
˿ܹӹٴС˵ˣЩߣȴȻǻԹӹ´Ʒ׷ᡱ
εҡҡͷ벻ӹƷˣܹӹʲô͵Ʒֻ¶벻ˡ
ǽԹӹƷһֱȥҲһֱ׷ȥ

ʥ塣
˵СӴѾͷ˼£ǸԤˣװ
֣ǺһЦ˵ʱԤ棬ȷѡǣСӾȻεԤһʥ֮СӹȻǻͻȻ͸һϲ
˵־ѾƳôãҲȷָ߱Ƹˡ
˵룬仰Ӧ⣿һȷģֻⶼԣ
ȷ⣬һ˵Ƚǰһ֣ӦǺһ֡
֣ȷӦǺһ⣬仰򵥰ֱ̺һĴǻۡҲ֪һ仰֮󣬻ûģеĻ彫ڡ־֮¡
ҵУûУûеĿԸ󡣡
صСӻ֮һҪʸ
ȷҪʸ



һǧŰһʮ 
ϣǻڼҵš
ӹ΢һ֣̫ĵطֵǺúõۡ
زʣΪۻһʥ֮ԣȻҲǴ۵ص֮һ
ҶڸпشﶼֻۻǿҲӲƿء
һʥ֮ԣҶģҲΪȷ⡣
ֱһ΢֮󣬴ҲȻ֣Ƕʥ֮Ե⣬ȻǴġ
µ΢ϸĽˣǾ仰ȷⷽʽȻ΢дڴſȷһ飬ǾǡزʣΪۻһʥ֮ԣⲿƷ˼롣ڹӹΪʲôһʥ֮Ϊ˼룿Ҳ޷𣬵ȵǿ˹ӹⲿƷ֮Ӧþͻ֪ˡڣҪģĵĵȴ
΢֮ǼȻ
Ҳԭ仰ģô֮ǰⷴˡ
һ룬ȷӦŶԣΰģﶼۻأ
ȷ˼ҷ仰̺ǻۣ֮ǰˡ
ȻˣΪ仰̺ǻۡӹ󵽵ʲô˰òһϵ·ɣ
Ȼ֪ǲܵģĸоӹϵ·
ǲ·ҶԹӹⲿƷȤˡ
ϣⲿƷܹأ˹ӹԤ֮ԽԽˡ
˭˵أԭΪԤ֮ǾͲˡȴ˭֪ˡ
ҪΪӹԤ棬̫˷ܺͼˣʥ֮Զˣֵջ󣿡
Ҳ֪ӹⲿƷʲô֣
֪ʲôֻã֪ǣⲿƷʲôطأ
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ϣӹܹѡ΢ϽأĸϲϿС˵ʵ̫ˡ
ȷϿС˵ȷǳķ㣬ʱֻҪпգóֻܿӹС˵Ĵ٣һΰĴ١
ǰܹ㡢ֻС˵ȫΪӹ١
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־硣
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Ȼ˵С˵ĴĻ϶ͱȲһˡ
һһ˵ã࣬˵һλѡʲôطأ
Ϊѡ΢ϽصĿԱȽϴ󡣱ϾطģֲڡЦϽأȻ΢Ͻˡ
һͷҲΪģòϣ΢С˵˵ȷǷǳķ㣬Զȥͤ깺ʵ־Ҫöࡣ
ȷˣѡùַʽС˵˵طʽȷгطʽȫѵģΨӹȫѵߣŸҲطʽУ͹ӹҲеƷѡ΢صġ˵еƷʺ΢ءһĻ΢С˵ַʽ־־ʲôӰ졣
һͷȷˡ

ӹڷԤ棬Ĵ¼ýȻܴ
ʵϣڹӹ΢µĵһʱ䣬ýѾ˱Ҳͬʱʱ̶̿ڹעŹӹ΢
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ӹأϵϣЦҺЦ־磬͹ӹϢϢصĵطýȴҵõġ
ǣЦҺЦ־طǰѰҴ𰸵ýߡ
Ȼطδؾܹõ𰸣վǸᣬҲΨһ;ˡ
һý߱˷ܺͼΪĵõһ𰸡
ǾǹӹһεƷѡʲôطأ
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һǧŰһʮ 
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Ȼԣֽɡ
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貨ˣһڶѣµʱ䶼ˣҲһˡ
ˣһڵʱ䣬ȴ˸о֮ǰʱ仹Ҫ
貨ε˺ˡ

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֪һ־𣬱Ȱβ־ϣȵǾ־֮󣬲־ϵβᷢѡ
ɹˡ
ĿΪеһ
Ѫ飡
ҲǼڱмģǿŷʯɫϡ޹Բ顣
Ѫʲôڻ֪
֣ƺʲôõı
ȻǱﻹ϶ΪĲ
ȻǹҲѾĻᣬҲ
˵Ὣ֮ǹ
ԭѪ֮Ȼ
֮Ǻ͹ٶȽ֡
ΪĴɮ֮һͬСɣо綾˵֮£Ȼ˵ء
ڶˡ
˴򶷵ĹУǸСĺӣ֪ʱ˲֮ǰĿɿڴؿֶͨεĴ򶷡
˾֮ͬʱС
βСٳ־֮
֮ٶȶܵĺɢȥԭһˣһѳ
𾪵ǣǺ˾Ȼ¡
֮󣬴򶷼
գǻʤǹﾪӡ
˶Ḷ́С׵ľˣǵ淨Ĵܴ𣿡
ǴС־ӣһɾ֮أӾѻԡ
ȻսʤǹǹﾪӣԼȴǿ֮ĩ;ƿݣһҲˡ
Ѿ;ƿݣƽԸδˣǳź
ƽԸǲ֮ԣ⿪ᡣ˼ʮ֮ҵһ취Ǿħҹͬϰͻƽ֡
ֻϧ뷨ܡ
ڣҪˣŻԵ־СӣͻȻ뵽һ⣬ĹЦ
㽫Լһ񹦣ڸеһӣȻͶ£ϰ
һǸӽ𡢵֮ѧͻĳԾ֡
޺
һԱȺ˼ǲûѡʼѵ־𣬶ѡʲЩС
ǽԼһзŴССĵӡ
зֽ֮ѪССպҸ£ȥ
֮СٶȻ˹ȥ
ȵʱĴȴ˾䡣
еĴȫˣǱɱģʬ壬Ѫɺӡ
ȫֻʣ־û
ӺȻеĿɲ󣬾֮£һ˹ȥ
ȵʱѾɽϣŵĵӷǣǴɽġ

СʱⲿƷˡ
ǼΪСĻԵˣΪСĴׯĸɱˡź
ׯ˭ڻö֪
ֻǲ²⣬пܾ֮ǰǴ˶ӵģװɹǸˡ
ǵжϣǸŵˣݵλܸߡ
˭Ȼͬûд𰸡
ڣС־ˣȻѾɽϣǿ϶š
Ĺ²룬֪һǳľʡ



һǧŰٶʮ רС˵ƽ̨
Ĺ²룬Ҳ֪һǳľʡ
ֻǣĹپʣҲˣΪشѾˡ
֮󣬴Ȼǳźôûˣ
ܿ죬ҾͲȥ⣬ΪǵһοƷ̫뷨Ҫ˷ͽ
ûҲãٽſˡ
ڣðԼ뷨˺úõĽһ
ɡƷ۵š
ϣҲͬзǳˣڼҵš
±ڡֵȵһϵĶǴ۵Ķ

顢ˣڷɽĿͳϡ
ֻ½㻪Һ̨˿ɡݣղ800ƼƱҲͬ800š
ңԼٶš
һЦЩݶ˵ʵûκε壬ǽֻһֶѡ
֮Ի½̨ȥһ£ֻЩˡ
ǡɡһأҲ㻪ʽƳĵһ죬һ죬עǲƽһ졣
ǶվǶطʽĽ̶ܳȣǳߡ
ȻҪ鹦ڣ֮ǰ΢С˵̽Ԥȡ
쿴㻪Ʒҳ֮Щ֮ǰ˵ƳһվС˵΢С˵ûʲô˲ʧˡ
ûԸ΢С˵
ܹ֤㻪ƳǼΪɹģǹܣǽ棬Ƿǳ⡣
ں̵ܶʱ֮ڣȫ㻪
ϲο
վĸֹܣҲеۣ̽ѾϤһЩܡ
ƼƱܣѾ֪ƼƱԴô
ֻǶôЩˣרԼƷվҪǶƷͶƼƱʲô
ɻûйϵԺЩɻ󶼻⿪ġ
վʽƳɡʽأʢĻˡ
ֿһˣȻʱ䣬ƺҲۡ
ڿͳϣһ·Ϥķ羰ϲڿͳŴϤķ羰סĵˣԽԽĸо
һַǳõĸо
ңĶ˵ĵط

ʱѧί칫ҡ
貨ڵЩ˷ܣͬЩͨһ㣬˽졶ɡصݣһףʲôС˵ˡ
ķţĹ˫춯صĴ򶷵ȵȣչʾС˵ıɽһǡ
һ磬ǺЩϲ
пһ磬ӹпաҪúõĸлһ¹ӹûлῴ½磿
貨ͬп˵ӹδؾͻ֮£ʱȻͬʱӵ͹ӹˣ൱ˡ

־硣
һͬڸп˵ԭ磬ֻǱɽһǣѾˡȵ¶ȫòʱָεľĶǣȫ󲻳Һ͹ӹ֮Ĳ࣬ʵ̫ˡ
οΨһܺ͹ӹˣֻˡԣʵûʲôңǴ첻磬ȴվھ˵ļϣ硣
һ˼һ֮󣬻˵ȷǿԽ硣
ٹһ֮󣬽һ˵࣬һֱһ⡣ѾƼƱãֻǣվԼƷרվƼƱ˵ӦûжŶԣΪʲôҪƼƱͶƱһܣ
Ҳϸ뵽ҳϡר뵽һʮִ󵨵Ŀܡ
һ۹һæʵ࣬ʲôܣ
Сƣ㣬ӹΪʲôҪƳ㻪
һ࣬ǲ۹֮ǰ֪𰸣ڴӦǣ㻪С˵ҪԶ΢С˵ֱۡרҵ
ͷȷһԭ򣬵Ҫԭ򡣡
һɻ˵Ҫԭ򣿡
ͷ˵ǵģһҪԭ򣬻˵ԭҲǲǰŸո׵ġǾʵǣֻΪҪԼƷ
һɻ˵ֻΪҪԼƷ˭Ʒ
ĵܶ˵ƷҲӹ㻪һרС˵ƽ̨
רС˵ƽ̨һһ˵࣬ⲻܰɡѵߣԸ㻪ԼС˵
ȷЩ˼飬ֿ֮⣬벻Ŀԡ
һüͷ



һǧŰٶʮ гڷչ
һüͷпĻߣԸ㻪ԼƷ
һһ˵֮࣬ǰ˵һС˵ȫѵġ֮ǰ΢ǣڵ㻪ӦҲǡֻӹȫѵˣŸС˵𣿶˵ǵľԴֻиһصĻǱû˾룬ôܻԸ⣿
Ҫһ⣬ʵܼ򵥣ǱշѡҲ˵㻪ϵƷԲṩǿǲշƶȣҪѣܹĶվϵƷһĻЩ˵Ǿ˸ѵԴ
Ķһٳһƺʵɣûм߻Ը⸶Ķġ
˵࣬ƺʵɣжԸ⸶Ķ𣿡
˵ʵϣڿģڱ־صС˵ѵģÿһڵı־ǶҪǮϸĶҲһġȻѵļ۸϶Ҫ̫˵Ļǿ϶ûԸ⸶ĶģĹؼڡ
һ˵һ񲻵òϣ˵ĵȷеڱ־صС˵ڶ˵Ҳѵġ
Ȼ֮ǰӹҲãҲգ΢صС˵ȫѵģⲢС˵ͱҪȫѡ
ңӹƺȷʼնû˵С˵ѵġ
֮ǰֻǴʶΪС˵ѵİˡ
ѵƲ㻪ǹӹһרС˵ƽ̨Ժ󽫿շģʽҪվصƷҪĶ
⣬ǹӹƳ㻪Ŀġ
п
һüͷ壬ĿԻж
ܿ죬뵽һ⣬˵࣬ĻվҳϵġרӦÿԽעŶԡǣԹˣ޷עΪҡ
ڵȷעᣬⲻ˵⣬ӦǹӹʱûпעṦܡʵϣ㻪ĹܣֻܲЩҲ²ⲻĻӹӦû𲽿ŸĹܡ
һ񲻵ò˵ͷ˵ĿԵȷܸߡ
󣬼˼
ͻȻһɫһ䣬뵽һƺʮص⣬˵࣬˵ӹ㻪ΪˣרС˵ƽ̨кܶѡС˵Ҳѡ񸶷Ķô־ǻɲСӰ졣
̾һ˵Ҳĵ⡣ҲùڵģĻ϶Ӱ죬ӰҲж󡣱ϾǵߡгǵĶϰߵȵȷ棬Ѿǳ죬ܵĳȽС־Ӱ첻ж󡣿ңС˵еЩС˵ҲδʺأҲȥԣǻʵΪȵʱ㹻֮󣬻Ͳ˵ˡʱվǰġ
һϸ룬ĵ˵ͷ˵˼ǣʺصС˵ӦڡɡС˵ôӹǴһЩߣͬС˵ĴȻѡ㻪ϽˣңʱƣС˵ΪС˵֮һʱͻʵС˵гɳˡ
˵ͷ˵Сƣȷ˼˵ĲȫʺصС˵ֻܲһࡣվҳġƷ࡯ԻĶͷࡣ룬ӹ𽥽ЩಹȫЩҲͬʺϽءӹһΣҪһˣ
һһ˵ôӹڽƳͬ͵ȫС˵
⡭Ҳδֲ̫˰ɣ
һѾˣٶĻָε𺳣
һЩˣӹʵ̫ˣ
һ֮󣬽һ˵࣬浽Ǹʱǵ־Ӧô죿
ЦЦ˵ǲصġǸո˵ЩǵĲ²⡣ǵĲ²ȷʵӹҪһһʵֵĻҲҪһβ̵ʱ䡣浽ǸʱҲûйϵʱڱ䣬־ȻҲҪʱı䡣ֻҪܹгķչͲᱻг̭
һҲЦˣȷֻҪܹгķչͲᱻг̭
гķչȻֻܱгп̭ˡ
־ˣЩҲˡ
־鲻ҪȥģҪĵԼķչûйӹĴվھ˵ļϡ
ӹ֮ǰΪǳա
ڣҪΪǳһƬµˡ
һ˼



һǧŰٶʮ ջ
һ˲²⵽ˣӹƳ㻪ĿģһҲͬ²⵽ˡ
貨ңҶ¡˾ҡ
ҲоˣӹһҪһ£
ȻҪɳ£Ҳһ飬Ҫ㹻ʱ䣬гͻȻ͸ı䣬ֻʱı䡣
ڣص㻹ڡɡⲿƷϣһѾθпƷ
˵ǵصһֱڡɡϣ˵żҲһ¹վ飬ֻǽһЩվֹܵۡ
ģǾûȥˡ
վɡⲿƷȻҪġ
С־Ǻͺ˵ݣѪ飬ۺʹõġۺ˵ݵȵȡ
СǣȻӦǷϵǸˡ
ôһϮºһѵģŮ˭ʲôʱŻСʲôϵ
Щȫǳڴ
⣬СǷţǸһݵλܸߵˣǷᰵ˺С
ĿģΪǵѪ顣
ôǷֻ֣ᷢѪСϣ
Щ⣬Ҳͬǳע
ҪҿЩĴ𰸣Ψһİ취Ǽɡݡ
صһôǣǲҪһڣǸõʱ䣬ܹݡ
ֻҪȵܹˡ
һʱ䣬ǹúܿ죬һҹ֮󣬱㵽˵ڶ졣
10㣬ɡ׼ʱ¡
²С־˶뵽š
˽ŵĹУֽӴһ´ʣޣ
һֻȻɣʨۼףĿ죬⣬ò֮η
С־˱ŵôס۷Ź⣬Щ˷ܡ
ҶʦշϹޣˮ롣ŵĵλܸߣΪ𡱡
ޣϹޣλܸߣ
Ǻ˷ܣַµĴ½ԭޡϹ޵Ĵڡ
֣ܹ˸еηԶԶʵеЩܹȵġ
ŵˣ㽫С־£Ҫλ˷ֱΪӡ
Ÿ뽫־ΪӣΪ־ʴϻۣһϺ
Сͨû뽫Ϊӡ
գ־׷ɵΪӡ
Сһ໥֮£ձﲻΪӡ
ﲻ֮½ΪӵʱﻹʮֲϲΪ뵽ֻ׸
ʱǰƲ죬Щǵ۹ʵôȻС
˭˵ͨͲܳΪˣ
Щǲ֪һͨȴΪǿĸ֮һΪ֮ߡ
ðɣЩȷʵʶʶĻƾͲῴСˡ
һ²ۣȻ֪޲ͷ²ۣҪ²ۣ˭Щ˿Сģ
ֻϣСڲ֮Ϊǣչ٣ȻúõȥһЩǵףԼȫۡ
СʽŵӣǻǺ˷ܵġ
СţᾭһЩʲô飿ΪϻĽչЩ൱ڴ
ﲻ״СȻǺһɽƮϣƿռڵӣǷǳ˧ġ
Ҳǵ۾һԭǵãУ൱˧
ԽԽˣ
СŴ壬ʼ˼ѵ֮·
ȻʱͨټǴڸķпھ
Ƿŵ߷ŵпھ̫Ȼ෴
Сã֪ӦһַǶԵġ
ɴ𡢵ַͬޡ
Ȼ෴ַͬޣټʱͨСΪȾͿ֪ˡ
൱
ףҪСЩԸʱڿ޷ʵˡ
ҲգǾͶһȣȵСʱٴҲ١
֮ﲻ׺£С̽һС޵
һ̽죬СĽֱ֮
֪С˫ͬޣֻСʱеĻͨ㲻ϣֱ˼㡣
ﲻ˸Сˡ
Сˣڻ﷿
ǣС޵УһֳȴǷǳķ˽ڳޣﲻ׶ǻϲ
֮һοӵĹУСΪ׷һֻɫӣɽ
֮СЯѪ飬ˮ̶еһڶ̰˳ͻ
Ѫ֮ǱС䶪ȣСĶ£һֱ䵱ϡ
ڣˮ̶гڶ̰Ҳһ֮ꡣ
֮ײͬСɣڻԵɺ֮£СľѪմȾ֮ϣ֮ﾹȻʼںϡ
ںϳΪһںĶ̰
С̰ʲô֮ҲʲôãɴջԻջ
Ƕ̰֪ʲôʣղţҲȣջ𵹼Ƿ㡢֡
ֻȴһȻҲ֪Ƕ̰ʲôãȻ֮СľѪں϶ɣǾ;Բ֮ͨ
ջôֱǱ
ȻСҲ֪Ѫ֮꣬
֪ĻƾͲջˡ



һǧŰٶʮ Ը
ɡÿ춼أСŴ޵֮·ǣǵġ
СѪں϶ɵջʹãǶЩҲЩЦ
ͺЦֲ֮࣬Щǡ
Ѫ궼а֮СľѪںϣСĶڴϣòʲôɣ
ΪһЩط棬ԿСǣƺܵа֮Ӱ죬ʲô棬Ĵȼһ㡣
ȥòʲôɣ
ǲЩǡ
濴
һһġ䡱ˣʢ
ν䣬׷壬ɳӲμӱԣһʤֱ߽̭ʤߡ
ڴĵϡ٣СҲֻаˡ
ԣСҲлμһε䣬Щ
ֻ˵СӮһȥֻǼʶˡ
ǶЩ˵ĿΪмСһӮˣôܣ
СһλΪһƥ𺳵
ϾСִ棬ǲܲͷǡ
⣬һҪԭǾСҲܹˡ
伴ʼ֮ʣСȻܹջˡ
Ҳ˵ջΪСı˵
ջѿóԵеĻ϶ôҵĳЦЩ֪ջа֮ں϶ɵĻ϶ûЦóˡ
ջʮڴ
֮ǰǵһа֮Ϊûʲô
ϣʲôɡֻϣ
ŵڵУˣǧۣģʢ
߷һ⣬ֻŮӵС塣
Сע⵽Сˮ´ʦվһòŮӣһѩһѳʽͨɫɫвһ֪ɼұ
£òǿŮʱﲻһ
ѵŮӱǷϵǸŮӣ
Ӧò˶þͻд𰸡
ǩʼС鵽Ψһһֿյǩλֱӽڶֱ
ȫȵĿСΪһӮСȻķʽɹˡ
Ҳһ㵣Ȼ֪Сǿ϶ģȴû뵽ַʽ
ðɣΪһƥȻҲǷǳҪġ
һСֿգϹۡ
ڱʼ֮ǰСʶ˷ط峣飬鿴СֻСңһֻͨĺӣһֻͨޣ
ʱͨ죬ڳͷϵĿ㿪Դţǵͨܿǧ֮
棬ֻӾͷȻһֻͨĺӣСһ׬ˡ
Сȥһأ˵ҪС˴αвУʢ
С̨һʱ˵ģʢ˭
֮ǰģλòΪСӡ
ڣ֪֣½ѩ
½ѩ
ǵһǷϵǸŮ
½ѩò츳ҲǳߣΪչʮ٣Ųãʵǿ֮һ
ҲΪòʵУųΪʢ
Ȼⲻǹٷ˵ЩѪյе׷ģоͰ顣
½ѩʱһ㣬ڰ֮з̨ƮƮɫѩ޲ɷ뷲ам־η
ﲻ˻һʱǼܹٷ֮ٵĿ϶½ѩǷϵǸŮˡ
½ѩΪҲȷܸߣ׵ľͻ˶֣ɹһ֡
ʱ룬½ѩòСɣ
˵ĻǾ˼ˡ
۾ͻȻԺıʮڴ
Ҳ֪ǲ߹ӹǵԸ½ѩСˡ
½ѩƾǿʵһ·նĹأǿ
Сڵڶֵ֣ʱƾջ漣Ļ˶֣еˡ
Դĵǣ𾪺Ͳ˼顣
ǳ˷ܣЩ˲˵СһҲӮӱ𾪵˰ɡ
ָо൱ˬ
ջҲȻϣΪĲȻа֮ٴСûжӰ졣
ںôʱȥôࡣ
֣СĶΪһ̫أѡȨ
СҲĽǿ
ҲʵҲʵһ֣ûܷ˵
ĽıУСԾ½ѩ
ʱ鲻ԽĺһҲ
Ȼˡ
˼ˡ



һǧŰٶʮ СԾ½ѩ
СԾ½ѩǵԸȻʵˡ
ʱǵ˷ܺڴ֮⣬Ҳûбˡ
ô˵ĶԾΣСʤ½ѩʤ
൱ڴġ
һԾʼˡ
̨ϣɵ½ѩޱ飬վţ񽣣ɢĵɫâ
½ѩдɫСܹǿƺʵ½ѩûнСС
Сޱ飬ɫЩ㱣͵͵ϲʦϲ׷ò˫ȫʦ껣Сһʧʹ֮С
½ѩɣСУȴȫûӰӡ
½ѩСĿ⣬СնУ飬ȫĴڡ
½ѩƽһθе˾ȡ
ڣ˶ˡ
СջɫĹâӭ½ѩ𷢳ɫâ
֮ԶС󣬸տʼʱСȫѹơ
Ŵ򶷵ļСоԼУǰջѪĸоŨңоǰջһС˷ܲѣһĪɷֱԺ
Сչ˷
һ춯صĴսȻ¹ʱ̣ⳡս˵Ԥϡ
½ѩγ񽣣ǿĹ֮һ
½ѩᣬѾǿ֮һ츳֮ߣ£
ʵһ̣СеջϣʱһɳޱȵԼѪķźһ㡣
·ȴһ̣ǧ꣡
Сϲ½ѩȫʱջһʣֱڷЩվȵ½ѩ
Сȫһʱ½ѩѾ޷ֵʤ˽С
½ѩҲһ㣬Ȼúƽ̧ͷǰǵ۶⡣
½ѩС
СҲ½ѩ½ѩ
һ̷·㡣
˭񣿰ˡ
ϡУСƺˣ͵͵ŵŮӣ
ֻǣȴնİһӡ
СȻЦЦһְѾûʤ
һ̣񽣹ŻصƣС
ͷջڿն𣬵˵ǰ
һ̣Сâû
֮ɢȥâʧ˵Сӿе䡣
ﲻӳֽס˴ӿеС
һԽˡ
ʤ½ѩ
Ȼʱû˸ССǶó½ѩȻʤˣȴǲʤʤüΪѡ
һԣ˫νƾУﻹСС
ֻ½ѩһ֪ȻʤˣⳡʤӦСġ
СĽǽ½ѩӵأȴһԲ̧ͷУﲻ״С뿪ǵâ
ڸոյĶԾУСѾҡ
ģƺڻơ

С½ѩ֮ĶԾˡ
һԾԶĸգҲӾĶǣ
Ѿáʡˣһɲ֮䡣
˿þĶǣڶԾĽȴǷǳġ
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ΪŮеĻֿ˿ȻЦȴȻսǶĻĩ



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Ҳǣڵȷ̫һ㡣Ժ̽⡣

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½ѩһھʯһıӷС׹ȥ
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ݱҿǶٻһ㾪ȣһഺЦȻŮӣħˡ
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ԣħʱ˫ͨ£϶ǻᶯֵġ
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⡭
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һǧŰʮ 
̾Ϣ֮ǰĲ²Ȼȷġ
ЦȻŮӣȻһʹĻ䡣
ʱı޾ϧ
ʱֻϣӴ֮СܹúõػҪñ
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뿪˵Ѫٺĸо˾ʮϲá
Сһֻӣͱųˡ
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Ϊڶ糿֮С߱ħ̣а
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ⲻСĴȻǱĴ˵Ū
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ڼ䣬ϳСջѪ֮ں϶ɣҸ֪С
С֪Լ֮˺ΪΪаĽǡʹ֮УջǼᶨ֮ġ
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˵СƸǶӡ÷ڣ²ҪΪһࡣ
ԭǸʦǰƲƲ죬ǻΪСʲôõء
ԭֻǸʦ
ֻǿſţǷ֣ʦƺһͨʦ
ԳΪһɡǧһ֮ʣ漣Ķ㿪Σա˵Ǽ飬㡷롶ѧӴġ
˭
ŵĿʦҲʦڽ
ѵһɺʲôϵ
һɻĵطǳ࣬ԽԽǸоһЩء

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ȫһӦӲϾĸоΪһڸпǧһھˡ
һƺһڸӾʣǲòһڵĸпתΪһڵĸп
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ڵ֪СеĿ֮Сʯͷһͬǰȥ

ħ̴ռɽ½½ħ̡
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ѹ֮󣬱ﲻ׷ҹС
½ѩͱȺ̽С
½ѩС꣬ȫʪ͸С㱲ţΪǻþ
ΪСɡڷ絲ꡣ

½ѩͱˣȻѾССҲѾӣİнѳʼ½ѩŮ
һбãţСܹŮһˡ
ȻҲ벻һеûɲǼȻֹ
µģֻԶʹĻ档



һǧŰʮ ˲
ħ̴ռɽĿҪõبޣţ
ţ֮ԹΪ׵ħˣ취׽ţ
½ѩδʵˣֹħ̻׽ţ
ţƷ󣬿ʼˣħ˻ˣĹΧ֮ڡ
ΣգۿžҪɥţ¡
Σʱ̣Сͬʱó̫µĴ
С´ܣ˶й¶
⴫֮أСλʹ
ǣСʹѪΪܣҲ˶й¶
Сʡ
صɽڵСǰһ죬С֣һƾ
С˲Σգǰı
һ̹׵˵Լ⣬˵С󣬲֪жֺ챦
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Сһ뿪Сȴ˵뿪ƣᱳ󣬴ҵʦʦ
ǿֻǵᶨ˵Σգҵȥ㣬ҲĸԸ
ССǸСǿڹž￴ʲô
С˵һμʱһ
Ȼ˭ܹ뵽һټʱС𰸣ǾѾ

ԣǾԻѡһξ飬ʵǲԸ⿴һĻ
ϧûѾˣԶҲǵһĻ
ڶ죬ŵѶСںδѧõĴεõѪģ
СصǵĳŵҲ˵ӺδѧôԼѪ
˴ŭϳС½ѩ־顢껵ͦΪС顣
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ǸЦ񣬳ŮӣԼӭϾ޽ʱ̡
ؼΨһɫʣ˲䣬Ҳ㣡



һǧŰʮ 
еһȫסˡ
ˣ
ûԸ֣ûԸűˡ
һЦȻŮӣôܹȥ
ûеȵСǿڹž￴ĵʲô
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ΪСɡСֹȥɽһôǵĽС˵һǶлҲ
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δˣĳƽ뿪ȴ˵ľĶǡ
һ̣ؼΨһɫʣȻʧɫ֮ʱǵСУֻһĨˮ̡
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Ҳ벻һеþȻֹ
ǲܣҲţֻǼ񣬱ʵû
ʵĲпᡣ
ʯңʯ̨֮ϣǸŮӰ·𾲾һ㣬ȴûһ˿
Ѿˣûмû⣬Ҳû漣
ڵѪ״γֵʱȫΪ֮֮ʵûʲôá
ΪûһŮӻʹó䡣
Ȼڣʹ˳䡣
ʱŷ֣Ǵˣ˭˵һŮӵĳ鲻춯أ
Ů䣬ֻбһˣȴ㡣
ˣȻûпû漣ȴǿһ˿ãϣ
ʱʱϴһ汦ϻ塣
ϻڱƳ߻һ̣ǿнһƲл
˿
ǧ֮ǰϽأһ֧꼻һֵĺ壬ӵһֻػܹݱһƲл꣬临
ֻǣֻػѾʧǧꡣĻᣬǳã
ϣãС˵һϣ
ϣͻͷͻг漣Ŀԡ

ˣɡҲƺʧȥɫڶʱڻʧȥɫ
ǰˣǲ׹ӹΪʲôҪ̵ñȥ
ڹӹջǸһ˿ϣ
ڣֻϣӹǵһ˿ϣҪ󣬻Ȼ˸е
ϣȫǹڱøԲͬķʽǴʱ˿̸˵顣
˶Լ΢ϣд˹ڱʫƪ
һοջѩüӯôĹˡһʣ¶Ĺ㲩ʶʱȴֺδעǸûȺеܸ꣬оģֻһ˿Ĳ벻м
Բ²£ڰĵĻ԰СܷܷժǶСŭˣȴЦˣĳˣˮ۲Уɣ̾ţȴ·𿴼ǸϵƤˡ
İԨУڰĵޣЦȻ黨Ļɰ档֪ݣħŮ³ȴЦȻħŮǿЩʼʿ
صĵѪУˣʹУʦ֣ʹҲˣ̷ſһ̾Ϣһ֪УǶŶԷо䣬ѧصĹ϶䡣ǸʱѾĳֲõԤ𣿡
УǵһӵЦӯӯˮδйֱסӰ涣ůˣ˵Ϊ˴˳ǰĽӽӺӣ²Ʊ޷ı
ΰ⣬ǹ϶صȻˮƣ壬ûʱͻȥĴˡֻǽûˣҲûˡôǸ𰸾ѾҪˡҪǣһ㡣

ʫƪкܶܶ࣬ķʽĸˡ
ҲķʽϲŵŮ֡
ϣǸڰʯͷϵģ˯ŮܹһһЦȻ



һǧŰʮ С˵
еǶΪ֮ˣΪһ˿ϣĴڣеּţһܹ
ţӹñԶȥڲ֮󣬱һܹ
ǲͣ˵ԼԼűһܹһϣǶԱףҲܹԼôˡ
Ч
ˣƾΪѾˣһСŮӻڣɡĹҲڼ
С׹ħΪΪ֮ɫġѪӡ
±֮ǰӾʣҲѶԱĸˣĵס
ֻűܹ㸴
СһƬصļǽ֣½ѩСĳ飬ڱ֮¡
ֻǣ½ѩģֻǰѶСĳĵס

ɡڲأôʱ֮㻪ѾΪϤˡ
Ҳ˹ӹƳ㻪ĿģһרС˵רҵƽ̨
ӹصС˵ΪС˵
ӹ΢صĵһС˵һεܽӴϵĵһС˵
ɡǵһС˵
ȻҲصС˵С˵
磬ͨ΢صС˵񡷡μǡˮ䰴ȣͲ֮ܳΪС˵
˵С˵Է﷨ãȽֱһ㡣
ͨӹЩͣٽ𡶵һεܽӴɡƷһҲ˹ӹԡС˵Ķ塣
Ϊӹ޴Ӱ͡ɡⲿƷĳɹС˵˵ܿ͵õĳϡ
ʱѧѧЭȹٷţҲͬ˳ϡ
΢ϣԼС˵Ŀ
ӹС˵Ķ壬ʮ׼ȷģҲǷʱչġ
һԤԣС˵绯ǽС˵չһơ
⣬ˡɡⲿƷ߶ȵۣһһٿʱӵʮҪƷ
ԡɡеһЩ˵˶Сĵ֮⣬Ϊһһǳص
Ŀǰһɵźܶ⣬֪Ժ߹ӹ᲻ҿЩ⣿
Ҳ˶Ա֮ϧԼϣܹԸ
С˵˵ĵĿɼС˵Ͽɡ
⣬²ӹȫƷ˵ӹС˵ֻһࡣ
ӹ͸¶ôһҪϢڡɡ֮⣬һһС˵
ϢȻǼΪ˷ܣЩңǣԴҲڴ
ֻǣ嶼ЩЩࣿӹûо͸¶ֻ˵໹٣ôҾڴ
Ȼʮӹ˵Ҳް취ֻＱеڴš

⣬ӹ˵С˵ʱҪС˵ʱߣֻӹһˣҪǧǧС˵ߣһС˵Ĵʱ
㻪ṩС˵ߵһƽ̨
κ˶ܹΪС˵ߣκС˵ߣܹ㻪ԼƷ
Ȼκ߷ƷҪˣƷֲֵܳݡ
Ʒ޷ͨˡ
Ҫβܹ㻪ԼƷ
ӹҲͬ˴𰸡
ܼ򵥣վġרעΪ㻪߾Ϳˡ
ڣעṦʱδţӹʾڽʱʱ򿪷š
ʱӭκһλΪС˵ߵѣǰȥעᡣ
ʱṫעɹ֮վϷԼƷ̣Լվĸȵȡ
ӹϢһȻĶԾԾԣٸС˵С˵ǡ
ӹʽ֮ǰʵѾܶµˡ
貨ٱ־һԼһЩǡ
ڹӹϢ֮󣬴־硣
ʮָп˵ȻˣȻ˰ӹȻҪøˣΪС˵ߡƳ㻪ĿġȻڸһ£һ£
һҡͷ˵С˵С˵ԭӹѡ΢ءһεܽӴʱ򣬾Ѿ뵽ҪƳôһվһٿС˵ʱ΢ءһεܽӴԼЩƷƳ㻪һԡֶʵ̫ˣ
һ̾˵ѡ΢ءһεܽӴʱ˶ɻ󲻽⣬ΪʲôҪ΢С˵ڣˣڳԹ۲죬ǵ׽ӲϿС˵ϿС˵ǵۺ͸ʲôӵģЩΪƳ㻪׼ǸʱѾ뵽ҪС˵ʱˡǿ°



һǧŰʮ ǵ뷨
ֻͽһܶˣ֪˹ӹƳ㻪Ŀ֮Ҳ˹ӹѡ΢С˵Ŀĺ⡣
һĻܹ϶ӹڵءһεܽӴʱ򣬾Ѿ뵽ڽҪƳôһרС˵ƽ̨
Ǹʱ򣬹ӹӦþѾڿǣصġɡԼ͵С˵ˡ
ǸʱС˵ԶԶûе۷壬Ӣ۴ûгӹѾڿڵС˵ˡ
뵽һ㣬ȫ𾪵ӹĿǺ׼ʵ̫ңԶˡ
ҪǣӹĿ֮ңԶôС˵ʱûаȫ˼С˵ĴϣȴС˵۷壬ÿһƷǾԵľ䡣
⵽һʵû֪
еڴʱȫɪɪʱ֪ӹԶеĸӿ¡
ӹʲô˰δҲ̫˰ɡ
ǹӹʵɡҲѹС˵۷ʱѡС˵ԭһ綼ļƻˡ
µǹӹĶԼгжϡں֮ǰѾ֪ɡƷС˵гչơȷӹһţ֮ֻҲǲضˡ
ڲ֪ӹڴС˵ʱ򣬸һĶãûаȫ˼С˵ϡôѾʵǲ֪˵ʲôˡ
Ҳ֪ô˵ˣֻɪɪѡ

ǲ֪˵ʲôˣֻܹɪɪ
С˵ǣҲͬЩɪɪ
ԭӹûаȫ˼С˵ϣʵ˸еϢ
֮ڴС˵ʱЩҵɪɪ
ɪɪǣӹݶǳءɲʵصݣµĵط
ȷڹӹݶأ⵽Ϊʲô
ҲӹҲһﵽһ豹棬еĳȻ˰ɡ
Ҳɣô˵ӹЩƵĵط
˶ǲţȷЩƵĵط


ԼС˵ǣеɪɪипǧ
ڹӹ˵ģС˵ʢߣֻԼҪǧǧС˵߹ͬһ仰øС˵ߣԼС˵ʮ⡣
ǧǧС˵ߣôС˵
ȻҲϣС˵ȷС˵չһƣǧǧС˵ߣǲҲ̫һ㣿
УҪģȻС˵С˵չһƣС˵г϶ͻ֮ı䣬ЩС˵ֱ߲ӵӰ졣
ôӦԣС˵гı仯
ѵҪתȥС˵
ԴˣЩ˼ŻȷӦȥһ¡ҲЩ߶Դ˼ԣǲΪԴС˵ȷѡ
ȣǲǹӹû־춯صͲʺϴС˵
롶ɡ汳޵ȵȣһ߶дóôǿȥģ¡ɡ趨ƷҲֻҲǶǣЦ󷽡
ΣС˵гȷᷢӦı仯ⲢС˵гᷢչΪȫС˵гǰĸС˵гɴڣǵƷɻг
ƷĶδؾͻϲС˵ῴҲֻС˵ӴǵƷǿ϶ǻ߶ġڶ˵ڶС˵ֻǶһֿѡѡ
ۺ˵С˵𣬵ȷԵǰС˵гɳӰ죬֮ǰС˵гɻڣȺҲɴڡ
ԣǲóȻȥС˵Ĵ
򣬵ʱֻ»ͷգС˵ʧܣ֮ǰС˵Ҳѻصȥˣʣ˾ֻǱ̭ˡ
ȻǵĶȺ御Ȼڣ٣ûа취顣
ϾС˵гȷڷչµĶϵĶӰ죬վеġ
˵ȷеĳС˵˵ðȻȥС˵ĴȷǳðգҲֵá
Щ˼ԾԾԵǣҲԼĵ
ڵС˵гȷᱻ̭ܵӰǿ϶ģʱƣӰԽԽȵǸʱŸı䣬ڳı䡣
ңǾдɡƷӹ˵ˣС˵ֹһ࣬໹кܶ͡
дƷд͵ƷȻôͣһʺ
ȵӹ͵Ʒ֮Ǿͻ֪Լʺϴһˡ
ҪģǳԽС˵ĴһҪ֮ǰС˵Ͷˣǿһ洴֮ǰС˵ͣһС˵ĳ
һƺҲûʲôա
ͬвͬ뷨˵뷨ǶԵģ뷨Ǵġ
һܹ϶Ǿгǲпģʤ̭ջг̭
ǲпģûа취



һǧŰʮ Ϊ
˸С˵֮⣬໹಻ߵˣԹӹһȻĶ
ӹ˵κ˶ԳΪС˵ߣκ߶㻪ԼƷ
κ˶
ܶΪĶ
֮һˣһֱһΣ봴С˵ΪһС˵ҡ
ֻǣǵκʵ֡
ҪдһС˵ƷѣؼǣдĶûԸ⿴᲻õгϿɣ
ȥͶ壬᲻õ༭Ͽɣû־ԸƷ
൱ˡ
Ҳܶ־Ͷ壬϶ʯ󺣣û־ԸǩԼǵƷ
ԭһ˵ȷʵΪǵƷУﲻ־ǩԼ׼
ҲпܣǵƷֻǴﲻı༭ǵҪʵǵƷһгģвֶϿǵƷǷǳϲ
ΪǵƷ޷ͨ༭һأǵƷͲܱ־ƽ̨ء
ƷأǵƷЩϿɡϲǵĶǰĻᶼûС
ôǵȻûлʵ֡ΪǵʵҲΪЩ༭ⲻǵƷ壬ֻһ˵⡣
ڣӹƳ㻪һƽ̨Щ˵ӵһĻᡣ
㻪ƷȻҲҪˣֻǶΥΥˡ
ֻҪǵƷݲΥ棬ǾͿͨˣȻ㻪ƷУлᱻ㻪Ķǿ
Ѿͳı־Ͷ壬ղõ̫ˡ
ֻҪдˣֻҪݲΥ棬һлᱻǿ
ҪöǿǵƷǵƷŻö߼飬ǵϲϲ
ǵƷ㱻㻪УȻǩԼ
ǩԼ֮ǵƷƼĻᣬֱɹϼۣõԼĸѡ
һ˵ǵƷ޷㻪ǩԼȻԽ㻪ƽ̨ƷǵƷҲȻ˿ǵҲɻʵ֡
ȻΪûǩԼǵƷƼܹƷĶߣֻ
ңûǩԼҲ޷ϼܣҲòѣ൱ֻѴ
˵ٿԼƷҲԼĶߡܶߵٰܲ࣬ʵˡ
֮֮ǰͳı־Ͷ壬Ѿ̫ࡣ
ԣЩε˵㻪һĻᡣ
Ƿǳ˷ܡ
⻹һˣ֮ǰûгΪҵ룬ҲûⱲҪС˵ȻȻĶ
ЩַΪ
һͻȻѪ˴С˵뷨ֻҪעһ˻Ϳ㻪С˵ˡ
ʵǷǳķ㡣
дƷôǲҪ͵дѡ
ܹɹǩԼȻһ൱˷ܵ飬ܹǩԼҲνϹдģ͵ѡ
ȻǰǻҪȵӹƳ͵С˵֮ǿûܹдͣ
ɡͣǾϹдҲдġ
һΪ׬Ǯ
ǵģΪ׬Ǯ
뷨ˣҲͻȻѪҪС˵ֻǲΪ룬ҲΪддܹͨдС˵׬ȡһѡ
׬̫࣬׬һ㻨ǮС
뷨Ȼû⣬׬ǮǷǳҪģο⻹һ
ֻǣ뿿С˵׬Ǯһ׵顣ǱҪ׼ǺܿƵġ
Ϊ룬Ϊ׬ǮֻѪдһдС˵Щû⣬㻪ӭ
ЩȻĶˣȫǳ˷ܺڴ
һڴŹӹܹ㿪עṦܣǲʼС˵ܹעΪһңҲǺõġ
ڴӹܹƳ͵ƷȻǺѡһ֣ʺǴ͡
ſʼƷδҲԼƷϿɣܹɹվǩԼȻվƼϼܣÿѣ̵ġ
鲻ͣ
һֱһΪҵ룬֮ǰ˵ļѡڣҸо֮·ֻҪһ־ܹӹƳ㻪ӵĻᡣ
ҲΪһң֮ǰңɼڣӹΪṩõĻᣬǵôֿɼʵڲ֪Ӧθлӹ󡣡
㻪ǵôֿɼлӹƳһվ
Ƕ룬ͻȻѪҪΪһҡֻѪڴ㽵飬ȴһġ
Ϊ룬ҾͱȽʵˣΪ׬Ǯϣܹ㻪׬ȡһǮ
Ϊʲô޿ɺǣ֪ǣ֮⣬ЩʲôͣҲ֪ҵܹܲС˵Ĵ
ӹû͸¶ǾֻĵĵȴˡţȻôͣǾһܹҵԼʺϵ͡
Ҳһ㣬һҵʺԼ͵ġ




һǧŰʮ ԥ
ʥ塣
ڡС˵ĸʶѾһȽĸ㻪Ϊȫ˽⡣
ʶ˽ٶȣԤƵĻҪ΢һЩЩϲ
֮ǰѡĲҲȷģʶ˽ĹУֻһЩؼطͣȫԼȥۡͲ²⡣
ۡͲ²ò˵ʱٷĿ϶߾
Ľʶ˽ٶȣԤƵĻҪ΢һЩ
ϲڿвˣԳΪһС˵߳ڴ֮Ǹˡ
һٿĵʱĵʢҪֻһȻԶԶģҪǧǧһŬһƶʢĵÿһ߶Ҫ
ڣôȤΪһߣǷǳˡ
ңţС˵ĲϳͷչиöˣԳΪһС˵߲Ȥ
ǸʱʢʱҲͲԶˡ
ȻһõĿʼȻǱȽһ͡
ģҲʮڴ
ڣȻѾôˣͨעṦܣʱҲˡ
ȻˣǾڡɡ֮ʽͨעṦܡ
Ѷͨӹ΢ʽ繫һϢ
ϢһȻһƬ顣
ЩҪΪһС˵ߵˣȻʮֵ˷ܺͼ
ЩԾԾԣҪС˵ԵģС˵ǣҲͬЩ
ЩΪǲӦóС˵ģС˵ǣ΢΢üͷ
ӹô׼ͨעṦˣ˵ȻһõϢ
ȴҶԴ˵Щʲôһǹӹݵλ̫ߣĸڹӹǰQ
ʱѧѧЭȨٷϿС˵ǸӲҶ˵ʲô
ֻڴţЩ㳢С˵ǣȫʧܶաЩΪС˵ߵķС˵ǣڶʱҲȡʲôõĳɼ
̶ȵķŻС˵ķչٶȣϣĽ
յʵҪȴʱȥ飬ڻܹ¶ۡ

ʱѧί칫ҡ
˵ɡ֮ʽͨעṦܣʱҹС˵ǻڶʱһ
貨ǿ϶ģӹƳһƽ̨ȷʵܹʵԼΡȣ⼸һûżƽֻ̨Ҫҵ룬ͿȥԡΣС˵ԶԣıʵҪûôߣԵĺԡϽԣҪҲûôߣ﷨ϣҪͬûôߡЩ˵αøʵˡС˵ߵȻἱӡ
ͷ˵ȷˡС˵ҲеѶȣߵ˼άĻԾȣԶĴСȵȷ棬Ҫ󶼱ȽϸߡҪС˵Ҳһ׵飬˵ȴͳС˵Ѷȸ󡣶ҪɡƷ˹ӹ֮⣬ֻѪҲһС˵Ʒ򣬽еڶˡ
貨ǾͲҪǣܹɡĸƷˡ˵ӹעṦܣһڴ顣Щ棬ЩδйС˵ˣܹһЩʲôƷ
ЦƷγԲ룬ǾԿ϶ġЩ˵ƷпɣЩ˵Ʒ¾Ŀˣһ仰ﲻ
貨ͷȷǿԤġϾŵżûˣʲôƷпܳ֡
⣬ҪǴĴƷ»Ҫһʱ䣬ҪȵӹƳЩ͵Ʒ֮󡣡
貨ȷˣӹƳƷͶˣЩԾԾԵǣܹҵʺԼ͡ڽСһ࣬ܶ˹ƶ
ܵ˵Ƿǳֵڴ顣

־硣
һһֱڿһ飬ҪҪڴС˵ͬʱҲһС˵Ĵ
ȻС˵гȻһƬٵ̬δ̵ʱ֮ڣӦҲ㣬ʱپһЩ֮أ
ǸʱС˵г˭Ҳ˵
ҪҪǰһЩ׼һһֱ˼⡣
ԥϾǹӹ޷ڴС˵ͬʱȥ͵Ʒ
ĻƷϿ϶ܵһЩӰ졣
С˵гľʮּңƷܵӰĻǷǳصġ
ԣһԥЩò⡣



һǧŰʮ ԪС˵
һԥò⣬ڿ֮󣬾ȻһĽ顣
˽һĻ֮˼˺һ֮̾һ˵Сƣ־߿ǣҿ϶ϣеľͶ뵽С˵ĴϡϾ־ĵһߣƷΣǵ־ԣӰǺܴġǣҺһ·һֱ㵱ѿҲֻ־棬Ϊ㿼ǡֻǣҲ⣬ΪҲܹԽС˵г׼ȷжϡСƣ𣿡
һ󣬵˵ͷ˵׵ģࡣʵ֪ӦðеľͶ뵽С˵ĴСС˵棬Ҷûȡ˽ĳɼҲÿôԶġ
Ŀ˽һһۣԥһ£˵Сƣһ飬Ҿȥһ¹ӹԼĹǺ͹ӹ˵һ£Ȼӹһ㽨顣
һһ㶣˵ѯʹӹ
ͷǵģӹӵʮֿµĶԼг׼ȷжС˵ڽгôӹĴȨԵģû˱˽гˣǹȥڣǽӹΪ֮С˵ĸ϶ǳΪһС˵ߣȥѯӦòӲġ
һ۾һ˵öԣûбȹӹʺϸˡ
ֻǣڸոճʱ򣬶Թӹν൱Ĳȥҹӹ
˵ǣ֪࣬ģҸճǸʱǸʱν൱Ĳȥ𣿡
ЦЦ˵Сƣ㻹˽ӹȻҶԹӹҲж˽⣬ܹ϶ӹ黳ȣؽԶǳܱȣ㵱Ĳ
һ˺һ֮˵Ӧõȥݷùӹǹӹأ޷ȥݷӦǺã
˵ȷӦõȥݷáȻӹأҲûа취ȥݷˡͨQDɣйӹQDʺš
һԥƬ̣ڵ˵ͷ˵ãұӦðݷһ¹ӹˣҲݷùӹˣֻһֱûǸ
ЦЦӹQDʺŸ˽һ
ӹQDŸһʱźۼ̾һӹQDʺţǴ־磬ڹӹոպճʱѾˡ
ǸʱǴ־磬ҪѹӹЦ־ڹȻûгɹ
һתۣӹѾΪ֮С˵ˡ
ипǧ

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ϢУһҪݷùӹԸҾԼոճʱЩϵĵǸԭµȵȡ
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ڣһϵĵǸǵ˵ͷ˽һϢʾԼ⡣
֮󣬴ӽһ񷢹ϢУܹԵĸоһܼ

һڵȷܼ͹ӹ˵ˣֻһֱûй
ڹӹ˵ˣذѹȥϡ
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û֮󣬽һΪţ˫˫΢΢Щ
ں͹ӹһ֮ڰԼ˹ӹӹܹһ㽨顣
ǳŵĵŹӹĴ𰸡
ڻİ칫࣬˵ӹ᲻ϾողŵǸãˡ
ЦЦ˵İɣСƣӹԶǳˣġ
һ񻺻˵ͷȻǽš

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һѡѯѡˣ磬ʸشġ
ڴ
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ǣʱƣС˵ջὥû䣬һģʱķչ˭Ҳûа취
ûֻǴͳС˵Ĳû䡣
ڽС˵ʢʱ򣬡ĵƷɻܻԾ
ǰǣҪΪһЩµԪأáΪʺʱչġԪС˵



һǧŰʮ 
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ЦЦʵСƣӹô˵
һȻڼУʻòײԼƽһЩ֮˵࣬ӹȫĵͶС˵С˵Ĳû䣬ڽС˵ʢʱ򣬡ɻܻԾǰǰڵʵһЩı䣬һЩµԪءǼʲôԪأӹûϸ˵ⲢҪԺȻ֪ġڣֻҪȫĵģС˵Ϳˡ
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־˵һõϢ
򣬹ӹ˵û䣬ֻҪڵĻϣһЩµԪأܹӦʱķչ
־˵ҲͬһõϢ
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ǣܴĺõƷĳԣҲԸ
⣬ȵԺʢʱ򣬽һѡס㻪ǽǡһ࣬׽񼶱
վ˵ǷǳҪġ
뽣һ̸ĥţеߵУнһԥˣֻһһˡ
ֻвٵߣźͽһһԥ
ȻǲеǣһŶɡ
ĸֱΪ֮ǳмģԸΪøࡣ
ǣ½ӹ΢һ΢˵ˣĲû䣬ڽһֱԾȵȡ
ǿ˹ӹ΢һ̣ȫȸԾ鼤
ʵϣȷжߺͽһһǲ֪ʢܹã֪ô죿ŪЩ磬ƷܵӰ졣
Ҳ֪ûбҪȥǵ̫࣬Ҫû䣬ҲǶʱ֮ڵ飬ʱٿǽôҲ١
ھ̲סҪȥ⣬ǲȥ룬ƫҪȥ룬ƫƫ벻ףò⣬ǷǳΣֹһε̾Ϣ
ڣӹ΢˲䲻ԥ˲֪ԼӦô
ǾŹӹ˵ǶڹӹԵΣǼѡ
ԭû䣬ֻҪһЩµԪأܹӦʱķչЩ˵ʵһĺϢ̫лӹˣڷ֮󣬻ΪЩ߿ǡ
ǰķǳмӹ֮ӹǵ֮֮
֮ǰһȵС˵û䣬֪ڽúȥδӣ˵״̬νôáڣ˲ֳ˼ͻָоã
Ҳһӹ΢˲䲻ԥ壬С˵ļ飬ȫˡڱ֮ǰм顣
ԭС˵ǿҲ֮ǰмˡ
ӹһ˵ȷǳǿӹ˵ˣҪһǰᣬΪһЩµԪء˵Ҫһĸı䣬ܹӦʱķչôıͷǳҪˡܹܺõøı䣬ǿ¾Ҫ̭ˡԣҲ뱻̭ĻҪŬС
ǵȻģܹӦµԪأȻᱻ̭֡гǲпģҲǲпģΪС˵ԪߣͲ̭֡ʵϣԴӹӹճȫµС˵Ͳϵ̭̭֮߱֡߱ǰڣǽһڵġ
ȷгǲпġֻигı䣬Ųᱻ̭֡ԣҪ֮ǰŬУʱܹõգӹΪԪأʱԪ̭
ڲŸм鰡ʱԪһǳľʺ֣ܲԲУԣҾܹǸʱ̭
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һǧŰʮһ վûñ
ȫ˷ܣܹĵģȫĵͶ뵽С˵Ĵˡ
С˵֮⣬С˵ǣҲͬ˹ӹ΢
֮ȫС˵ǣͶȥĽĿ⡣
йӹ仰ǿνûκεĹǺͰ
ǣûִˡ
Ҳ֪ڵС˵ڽܹܲҲͨµԪأʹ䲻г̭
ϧû˸Ǵ𰸡
ҲȥһʹӹȻǲʵģԥ֮վûȥʡ
ֻС˵ǣĽּʡ

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ԣܳС˵֮⣬Ҳῴ͵С˵ڹӹ¶С˵ϲǶС˵ʼһַǳĸ顣
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Ƕ˵һǳź顣
ڣӹ˵С˵ᱻֻ̭ҪһЩµԪأʹܹӦгķչ
ʮ˷ܣΪС˵ᱻ̭˷ܣΪӹ˵Ԫ˷ܡ
Ȼڻ֪ӹ˵ԪأһЩʲôԪأܹ϶ԪصС˵Բʧ
ԪС˵ĵ˷ܣּΪڴ

ʱ˵˷ܵġ
ɡÿ춼׼ʱأʵһһĿϾӡ
˿ɡ֮⣬ǻڴɡ֮⣬ӹҪƳģС˵
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ЩҪΪС˵ߵ˵Ǿ͸ӵڴˣڴųԼϴһ͡
Ȼ֮ǰǻǳڴ㻪עᡱܵĿţѾȲģҪעΪһС˵ˡ
ˣȵɡ֮Ǿܹעˡ
ڣɡѾӽβ
С׹ħڣӹеõڶΪĴսɱΪѪӡ
½ѩԳȫ̿ƾϻʾﵽ徳磬չٶȽѷҶʦ˼Сʱ򣬱̨轣Խ˼֮ࡣ
۱ǰС½ѩٴȴòಫֻΪͬȴ˭˺Էƿ־顢ݲŵˣԼһͬѰĺˮߣˮ߽С½ѩײ۱ʯšСڼ֮ʾ½ѩһͬ۱⣬
СС׵İ£ҵĴʦΪջꡣ
ʦŵҪȱ֪Ծɸغɽȥˡ
Σʦƹأɹлǣȴûܸ꣬ʩͷ뿪깦ܴɡ
¶СʹɹŽ˱ɻ꽫ϡû뵽ɽ֮أɻ껹ȻСľѪ
·ɮˣС
СˣСǵԣСǵСһԭǡ
Ϊ˸лС֮ǰаȴס
ڴڼ䣬ֳľСľ
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ؼʱ̣һСǰ㻯˵СӴ֮ɹŽˡ
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СɹŽһУɽ󽫹ܣ²

ʱеǶףⲿ׳翵ɡڵβ׶Ρ
Ҫˡ
ʱٻⲿƷЩçֺıȻޣĹȵȣεĳУ޷԰Ρ
ֻǣһʼǹڻǾǱʼջûи
һαѾ޽ӽǵʮֵļ˷ܡ
Ȼλ˵Ͻʦؼʱջǹܴɣеȫ̾ʹĲѡ
һǱӽһΣ֮ûĻˡ
ڣѾӽβѾһֲԤС
²Ḵˡ
ӹվûñ



һǧŰʮ ɡ
Ԥе޲̾Ϣˡ
ȻԤУǻϣڹµ󣬹ӹͻȻһϲˡ
еš
ǻȻȻһ
ɽ±ԭһʯҺʯ̨ϵıˣֻʣһɫѡ
Сǿʯֻҵһɫѣ⻹һЩӦóʯĽӡ
ѵǱ˾
棬˭˱
ļСףһɣÿƺôɣȴûȫȫļ˭
˵˭˱ҪҪǱˡ
ӦǱ˰ɣ
ȻߣܹҲһϣ
һдƺϣΪ˿ܡ
ĺɽһ޴ԨļԨ֮ǰͻȻԨ֮УĺڰһļӴƺԼĶ䡣
ļӴҲǼΪϴźϻ壬ĳ֣һ
ѵϲĳˣ֮ĸˣ
ֻǿϧļתԨȥʱĺڰ֮⣬ʲô
ûг֡
ǳһ̾ո˲伤飬˲ʧѡ
ϸһ룬ϣȻڡ
ȣļӦòܻתȥʱȻûпⲢԨ֮С
Ҳ˵ĸˣļתʱڵһʱûпҲ
ּĿҲСֻаٷ֮һĿԣҲһֿԡ
пĸˡ
ȫԸȥ룬Ŀٵ͡
Ҳ֪Ҳǹӹһ˿ϣǲΪջûи̫ڸ˺ź
ⲢҪҪǣһ˿ϣĴھͺá
һ˿ϣɡĹڵβ
޵ĽƿСһȥ˼ġ
ݼΪصһɣɽ¾ʱͷԶԶȥԶΡʵɽΰǱ¶һ˿ЦݣһǵĹâ
½ѩС֮λɽǣϵĲ֮⡣
ĬȻվã֮ϣ·˼ǳŷȥ
ͻȻһǰķһªľݣһ̴ѣƮ̡
֮£һֻССķ壬֮ϣϵһƬɫ½Ƭƴ
һƹ˳ѻϻһֻֻ۵ĻɫӣץһͷߴŴƹܡ
һӣ׷˳
أҲסˡ
˾վŲ˴
£˼һ֮С
ȻͬʱЦˡ
һ紵µӭ죬ɫ½Ʈ𣬷·ҲżЦ⡣
ŷƮȻϣص֮䡣
ȫ꣡

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ԤеҪˣҲ׼
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һ˿Զ˵ǳҪһ˿ܣǾϣ
ϣСһҲûйϵֻҪھˡ
½ѩӦúСһˣǸеο͸ˡ
½ѩСĳ飬Ȼ춯أǾţѵʱı½ѩ½ѩҲͬԥģǹ϶صĳ䡣
СѾʧȥ˱ʧȥ½ѩˡ
ûһҲϣС½ѩһɡ
뵽

ɡˣϣǲû֮ǰ˷ܶҵģ롶ɡйصݡ
ǻҪһЩʱ䣬ܹʧ߳
˺óʱ֮ϲŽʼ
ɡȻˣǶ֣ⲿƷƺвٵδ֮ա
磺һݵʲôȵǲʲôϵ
ڶǰСҵСȻСȥһˡ
ǣȥ˭ƹأѾ޷˵ֻ˵ƺɽհѡɽ˵꣬Ͷˡ
ôСȥȵ˭
һпܣƺֲܡ
ľδ˵Ըʲô
ģ׸ûУ
ȻƺûиЩֻƬƺǸһ֣Ѿ˵Ĵ
ô׸ûУ
壺һɵݵʲô
һɸһҾѾݷǳˡ
ԭΪںУһɵݻˡ˭֪Խǵ˺棬һɵݷԽˡ
һɵ⣬Ҳǡɡδ֮֮ˡ
֮⣬вٵδ֮ա
Щδ֮գǲ˼Ȥ



һǧŰʮ עṦܿͨ
Ƕɵδ֮ʮָȤ鲻ͣ
ԵģɡȻˣǵۣȴԶԶûн
ֻۣһңҲۣͬҲͬǳȤ
⣬ЩڴΪһҵ˵ۡɡδ֮յͬʱ㻪עᡱܵĿţڴ
ӹ˵ɡ֮󣬾ͻῪעṦܡ
ڡɡʽᣬעṦӦúܿҪ˰ɣ
ʮڴ

ʥ塣
Щ˵ڴҲټθڣ½ӹ΢һϢ㻪עṦܣ10׼ʱš
Ϣһܶ˻ȸԾʮֵ˷ڴڵȵˡ
עΪһңָоӦ÷ǳɣ
ѾȲ
һʱǺ׹ȥһת۱㵽˵ڶ10㡣
˵½㻪רֹȻעṦܡ
עṦڿţͬʱҸҲ֮һ¡
Ҹ˷ǳĵ⡣
Щ׼עΪҵˣ÷ǳϸ
ȫڽɹǩԼƷڴﵽϼ֮վ԰ƷϼܡƷϼ֮󣬸µ½ڹΪVIP½ڣҪĶƷϼ֮ÿһȻڣÿܹ֤4000ϵĸȻ±ȡԪǮȫڽ
ϽϼƷЧ18֣ҵܸ겻1500Ԫ봴ϡ뾭ͨ㻪ҵʵʸĻϣ1500Ԫţĸ¡
ڷд
ЩҸȥƺЩҪעΪҵˣԽԽĻŭš
ЩҸֻҪƷܹɹǩԼﵽϼܱ׼ɹϼ֮ٱ֤ÿĸһ¶ٶһ㻨Ǯˡ
뻹Ƿǳġ
Ȼˣǻԥɶ
ʼעᣡ
һЩѾȵȲˡ

⣬ҪĶVIP½ڵ飬֮ǰѾǰ˵ˡ
ѱ׼Ҳͬ˵ˣͨԱ˵һ2000ֵVIP½ڣҪ10ңҲһëǮ
⣬гVIPԱ߼VIPԱһ2000ֵVIP½ڣֱҪ8ң6ҡ
ԴˣԱʾִ֧֣ǸĶ֧һߣһڷԣҲӦõġ
Ȼ߶ˣɾûָǿˡ
ң۸ҲһһëǮˡ
˵ǿͳС˵ȥС˵ı־ҲҪǮġ
㻪С˵۸ҪһЩ
ԣ˶ʾ֧֣ҲԸ⸶Ķ
Ҳٲ˲Ǻ⣬ǻΪϿС˵ѵء
ǰ΢ϿӹصС˵ǶȫѵģͻȻҪշˣȻ⡣
ⲻ˵ǻǵ㿴С˵ǮǾﲻ⡣
Ǿﲻ⣬ҲʾֵǸĶƷĻǻǿԸĶġ

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ǳŵˣӹ㻪صƷῪͨVIP½ڡ
Ҳ˵ӹ㻪صƷշѣȫѹĶ
ӹŵеȫȸԾ
ڴıǹӹԴƷڹӹƷշѣ൱̡
С˵ǣԴǸ̾ѣǮ˾ôԡ

ʥ塣
֮Ծ㻪صƷշѣȷʵǮ֮⣬ҪԴرЩһֱ֧ǡ
磬ܹѧȡôĳɾͣкܴһԭԴǵ֧֡
ʼͯ̽ƷƷƷħƷٵڵƷȵȣЩƷ벻ǵ֧֡
Ȼǻ֪͹ӹͬһˣ֪мЩ֧ǡ
ԣԸƷշһַʽرЩ֧ǡ
֣ࡢҡλүӣͬΪǷǳȷġ
ʱ䵽11㣬֣ʵһСʱʱˣעжˣ
ոչΰܱ෢Ϣ˵Ѿ100ˡ
100򣿡λүӴһ֪עܶ࣬û뵽ô࣬һСʱʱѣѾ100עˣҲ̫˰ɡ
ȴҡҡͷ˵100עΪң100˶ΪһҡһˣֻǸעѣ޷ǾǸе棬ո֣ע֮󲢲ĴƷ
λүӾǵ˵ͷ˵ĵȷʵȥһһСʱ50עңҲ൱˾ˡ
ȴ̾һ˵С˵߶Ǵɳ50ˣ1˼ȥѾǲˡ
ЦЦ˵ûа취飬ЩΪһʱ֮󣬼鲻ڣѡ˷ЩΪϣ֮ѡ˷Щ֮顣һ˵ɹ˶Ǽֵˡһȷʵʺһ·ǰѰ·Ҳȷѡ񡣡
󣬵˵ͷȫͬ˵



һǧŰʮ 궯
֣֮˵ڡɡᣬһƷˡ׼ƳһƷ
ƳһࣿͿǹˡ
áСϷʷ¡ȵЩ϶һһƳ
ʲô˳ƳֻʲôƳĳһ࣬⻹Щġ
Ѿ˴㡣
˵кüƷҶѾ׼ˡӦƳһࣿҲˣֻǻûվżҪһ֮󣬲ŻһƷ
֣ͷȷż֮ƳһƷ
ͷ˵һؾġ

֮ǰжϵȷûдѾעΪ㻪ҵ˵УȷнӽһˣֻǸе棬עᣬǲûҪƷ
Ȼ֮ôߣΪעṦܸոտͨԭԺռıлСֱȫ㡣
ЩΪҵˣעɹ֮󣬿ԼѾͨ˵ıʮֵϲ
ָоȻʮֵ
һǿҵĳ嶯ǾϴһƷվƷչʾҳԼƷ
ָоӦøɣ
⼸ǿ϶ġ
һ룬ԼƷչʾ˳пܱڱ㻪ǿȻǻۣ˵ϲƷΪƷԡ
ЩոעΪҵ˵Щȷ൱һ룬̲ס궯
ֻǣҪһƷֻ궯ģԶԶġ
궯ҲһԼֲǡ
ܶõworldĵôһˣǲԼ֣Ρ
ԣֻ궯ûõġ
Ӧô죿Ψкúù˼һƷԼԶһһֵĴ
Ҫ˼һƷһҪǰᣬǾѡԼܹдġ
һ㲻óȫģǰѹڹ˼Ҳ˷Ѹ顣
ǿд֮ͻ֣ᷢԼдĶԼĶȫ¡
ԣҪѡԼóĲС
ЩոעɹǶֻвҾͻˣԼҲ֪ԼóķģӦô죿
ܼ򵥣ȥԡ
ȥԼΪԼóģȻддţͻᷢԼòóˣ
ôЩճɹע˵ڻֻСһĿѡԼóó
ÿһλոעɹǣĥһ⡣
ĥ˺þ֮ε̾һˣһǵȹӹƳ͵Ʒ֮ٿɣ̫ˣʵ
ҲǷдӹɣҲʵ̫ˡ
Ҳ۾һǷ֣ԡɡΪٽùӹһЩ趨ǻǿܹдó
ǵ궯ˣ̲סľҪʼд
Щ˵У˻ȷǿܹдһЩҲ˺ȻԼԼ
ȻⲻҪҪǣֻҪȥдͺˡ
ҺǿдóҪʼ˼ˡҰѿͷд֮󣬾ͻ㻪ϷʱϣҶ
ٺ٣ҺҲܹдһ㣬ҲҪȥдˣʱһҪ
ҲˣܹдóúãǼдǵƷ֮һ
ǲ˵Ҳһȥġ˵ʵĺܺ棬ܹдʲôӵƷ
дĶдɣЩдģʱһȥ
ɣǾȸлˣһúдȡйӹٷ֮һˮ׼


Ǵʼ˼ԼеĵһС˵Ʒ
ô˶עΪң˵ҲһϢϢصĴ¡
ЩǴƷ˭ģȻǸЩǿġ
Ҳֻܽӹһ˵ƷЩǵƷǿ϶ҲҪ
Ͼֻӹһ˵ƷĻȫġ
ôˣעΪС˵ңǼȸˣֵǡ
˵ǣ˹ӹƷ֮⣬ƷԿˡ
ǵǣЩǴƷҲ̶ãʱǲܣһĥ
ңֿƺܸߡ
һΪǸտ˹ӹƷ۹θڿνرĸߡ
ЩȫˣֲǹӹľţһƷ;¡ǵĵһƷǻ൱ĲҲ̶ã޷Ŀ
ǼЩڴַǳǣνһʮìܵ



һǧŰʮ ͳҸеΣ
ǵìܣܵ˵Ǻڴġ
˶Ʒڴ֮⣬ǻܺЩǣܹʲôƷ
۷׷ס
ݹٷոոϢעѾ500ˣҲ̫˰ɡȻȥһЩעˣ뷨ˣ300ңҲ൱ĿˣŹȥСʱء
ȷ൱Ŀţ֣ʵһôǹ˲ٰ
˶˵һϢô˽дܻһЩܹȥƷɡ
ˣɻ˵ǰԸܹǿȥƷɡ
ҵǷǳڴǴƷʲôӵģҶڴ
ҲڴڴǶܹʲôƷ
ӦúܿͻϴԼƷ˰ɣʱǾܹˣǿܹ۵ĻҲͶһƼƱ֧һ¡
˵ƼƱˣп۵ģһҲ޷С͵ˡ
ԣп۵ƷҲСһ¡
ǾĿԴɡ


ʱѧί칫ҡ
ǺЦ̶̵ʱ֮ڣע֮࣬ǷǳĳϡǹӵˣķǳࡣǰĴͳͶ巽Ķɱ˺ܶ˵֮ΡӹƳƽ̨岻С
貨ͷԲСһƽ̨Բ˵֮Σӹһ٣ʱƣӰɻԽԽ󡣹ӹгĶʵ
ҿѾкܶҴڴĵһС˵ƷˣҲ֪ᴴһЩʲôƷ
貨ЦſɣЩ죬ȲģͻϴԼƷˡ
ܵҲκϣԸһƷܹǿ۾ͺá
貨ǱϾˣǵҪܸˡ
ͷԴ˱ʾͬ⡣

־硣
һ̾˵࣬Ҳ̫˰ɡҶ֪ԭôˣҪΪһҡ
ҲЩ࣬Ҳû뵽֮࣬˵ȷ൱˾ȣӣ֮ǰС˵гͲʽȷ谭˺ܶ˵֮ΡӹȻһ춯صĴ¡ЩԺĳɼΣӹǱҪмˡӹѾǡ֮ˣԺȻǡ֮˲𰡣
һҲ֪ôˣܴʲôƷ
Ʒ϶ǲγԲģܶ˵Ʒֻ¶޷ۡϾҪΪһң룬ԶԶġ
һϴԼƷ֮һעģҺ֪ܹʲôƷ
ЦȻԡңҲע

С˵ǣʱҲͬ׷զ֮࣬ЩҲȥעһʺš
Ժ᲻ᴴС˵ڻ˵һעһʺֲ£עһʺŰѱռ˵
Ժ봴С˵ˣԼϲıȴעˣǾЩˡ
עˣûעС˵ǣʱզ࣬עʵ̫ˡ
զͬʱеһΣ
ô˶עΪңǱС˵ܿͻģĳˣ
ҲȥЩǣƷôƷǵȷˡ
һĻС˵ķչٶȣֻ±ȴ֮ǰԤĻҪöࡣ
С˵ķչٶԽ죬ЩͳС˵ܵĳͻԽ
ڸС˵Ĵͳ˵ԲһõϢ
ǣС˵ĲϷչС˵ߵ᲻ϵ
˵ɳ֮ʣС˵ռıС˼ҵĻడ
ֻռٷ֮һ100Ҳ1ܹռԳΪһС˵ҡ
ԤǣڽС˵ҵǳ֮࣬С˵ƷȻҲǳ֮ˡ
󲿷Ʒһ㣬õƷҲ١
ӹƳһƽ̨ἫԣС˵ǣȫܵΣ
ӦǺã
Ȼⲻ˵ͳС˵ܿͻᱻС˵ѹʧȥгС˵Ÿո𲽣С˵гɻǴ˵С˵¡
ֻǣҶܹоС˵ķչǳ졣ͳС˵гջᱻС˵ѹԽԽСǲòʼΪԺǡ
ҪС˵תˣǶĥš
ֻǣתͲһɹǲǹӹܴʲôƷܹȡóɹ
ӣеĴͳС˵˵ҪһѶȲСսˡ



һǧŰʮ ߾
ʥ塣
ҲЩ棬ЩǣܹʲôƷ
ҲԴ˽йע
֣ࡢҡλүҲˣҲͬע
ʱЦ־ܱΰڸ㻪ı༭ı༭ǿᡣ
ǾҪʼϴԼƷˣĲı༭ǵĹҲҪʽʼˡ
ԴˣĲı༭Ǽ˷ܡڴЩ
˷ܡڴԲö˵֮ԻΪЩûףûнӴģǺܵԼῴۣгǱˣûгǱǩˡ
һԼҵС£ؼǹ˹ӹǵΣĺǷǳصģҲǾԼġ
ңǵ۹׼ǩĳɼǾͿܱΰ͹ӹǰ¶ΪԺְн¼ʵĻ
ı༭ոճܱһְ֮⣬ְλȫǿȱġ
˵õĻܹܲһȺ༭ӱҪǰڵıˡ
ԣһڱ༭ȫЩͽš
Ȼ˷ܺڴΪԼķչ˷ܺڴҲΪЩǵƷ˷ܺڴ
˹ӹġɡΪЩǣֻᴴʲôƷ
ܱΰҲͬЩ˷ܺڴ
ȫµı༭ǶԱ༭ǵĿ飬ǶܱĿ飬ı༭ܵѹҪԶЩ༭֮ϡ
ΰҲЩĽšȻͬ˷ܺڴ
ȫµսΰϲս֮ǰлͼ飬˵λ༭ǣ˵ǸոնѾ˵ˣڽӦչԼĹشҶǳˡǿһ£˵һȫµսҲõĻ˭ҵãֻ˭̵ʱڣܹȡõҵҺ͹ӹܹɹӹǴ죬˭ܹõץסλᣬҪԼˡҪ֪ı༭ĽּʣϣǲҪװ˷ôõĻ
ΰһ˵һڱ༭ǸǶ־ҲƺһЩ
󣬹ΰ˵ȻǩƷʱһҪأŶǩһЩȡʤǩƷԽ࣬гɼƷʾԽǵƼԴ޵ģÿһƼԴ޵ģҪ롣ԣҪ̶ȵȷǩƷпܳɼġ򣬽˷վԴҲ˷ԼԴͻңڵǰڽ׶ΣһǩƷǹӹҲ鿴һЩԣǩʱһҪ֮
ΰһ˵༭ֻˡ˵ӹҲ鿴֮ǽš
ȻҲǻᡣ
ӹ鿴һƷʱ⣬ܿгǰǲƷǡǩġ
һǾֱڹӹǰչʾԼ۹⣬;˷ܺͼ
ԣһڱ༭ǹȻţѾԾԾԣȲҪں̨ˡ
ֻһ뷨ǾƷøЩɡ

ƷõȷȽңȻڴԼһƷռȫעıСΪ̫ڴƷ١
ͳһ£Ҳ֮ࡣ
Ҳ˵ڽļʱ֮ڣƷ½ϴ㻪
֮ڣƷκһҴͳС˵˵ֱ췽ҹ̷顣
ھĴͳ˵ʼڣƷǶûгһ򲿡
⻹ЩƪСƷֻ㳤ƪƷĻ˵һ򲿣һǧֻ¶ûС
Դˣ˸пǧ
ڹӹƳһС˵ƽ̨ǲ֪ӦαԼˡ

磬еһԱԼ硱Ƿǳġ
һʫı
ֻǣҪһõıףҪһƷǾǧˡ
ڵϿʼһ̣ŷ֣֮ǰԤģҪѵöࡣ
й£Ҫ׼ȷıȴһ׵顣
дúʹ࣬ÿһ仰дúʹ࣬һϲʣҪϰ졣
ֿʼֵʱ򣬲ŷֱĳǳıŤܾô׼ȷ
˭˵С˵ֻҪϹдͿˣ
Ѿ²ۡ
Ȼ֮Իʹֻ࣬ΪŸոսӴС˵տʼʱñŤ
ȵд΢һЩˣϰߺˣҲͲñŤˡ
дöһЩ֮󣬾ͻӵϰߣֱ࣬ﵽϹд߾硣



һǧŰʮ ϴƷ
дúʹ࣬˺üСʱʱ䣬д˵һµ2000֡
ӹ˵һ½ڵ2000ֻ3000֣ܵ2000֣Ҳ˳4000֡
Ȼ̫ΪʲôҪӹȻ˵ˣˡ
Ҳ⡣
˵һ2000֮糤һһƷĵһ£ˡ
ƪκһС˵Ʒ˵ǳҪͳС˵ˣС˵ˡ
һ㲻ùӹѣҲ֪ȻҲ֪
ԣѵһַо޸˼ΣԼˡ
ȻֻԼˣ㻪ı༭᲻⣿Ķǻ᲻⣿ǻö֪
ǳڴ
˵һ£ʱҲѾһ죬пǧٶȣÿҪ֤4000ֵĸֻ¶ǳѡ
ڶ֮󣬿ʼڶʱоҪ˺ܶ࣬Сʱд˵ڶ¡
ȻֻСʱʱ޸һ£ʱСʱ˲١
д£ҲƲסƷϴվĳ嶯ˡ
ȻҲ֪ϸһ֮ϴҪõöࡣ
ΪĻϴ4000֮󣬻һЩ塣ڶ£û㹻ʱֵĻд湻Եһ£ֶϸ
ӹڶǵĽ˵ˣƷһʽϴ֮Ҫֶϸ
򣬺Ƚء
ܹһ㣬ԭҲ㣬дһ֮ʽϴԼƷ
ȴ˭֪ڸд4000֣ҲƲסϴĳ嶯ˡ
һƷҲĵһ㻪ϴƷƲס嶯Ҳ
ڣҧҧϴԼƷ4000־4000ְɣϴ˵
½㻪Һ̨ϴĲעоú͸ˡ
ᳵ·ĿʼƷȻƷ飬ȻƷġ
ȷϴύť֮뵽˽ŵĵȴ֮С
ƷҪȾˣ֮ͨ󣬲Żʽվʾ
ڣҺ̨ոմƷ״̬ʾǡС
籾ʱ򣬿ʼдµݣҲдȥһֶд
е˼ȫڸոϴƷϡ
ÿʮӣͻȥˢһԼĺ̨Ʒ״̬ǷѾɡСΪˡС
̲סҪȥˢ²鿴
ڣ֪ˢ˶κ̨֮ڿƷ״̬ɡСΪˡС
ͻȻ֮䣬Ī˷ܺͼ
ΪĻܹվԼոϴƷˡ
ԼƷ֮󣬲ܹվϿԼƷԷƷӴ棬֧֡
ʵ̣
վҳԼƷȻԼƷ
ڿԼƷվһָ̣о൱Щ
ȻƷĸݾʾΪ0ⲢӰ˷顣
ǲͣˢҳ棬Լûʲô仯ֻһ˰졣
ԭ㣬ȵƷ״̬֮󣬾ͼȥֵġ
ȴ˭֪ڸûȥˣ̲סҪȥˢҳ棬鿴ԼƷݱ仯
ӽšڴģǵȴվǩԼ֪ͨ
ͨӹ֮ǰĽܣеǶףǵƷϴվ֮վı༭ǻں̨ǵƷ
б༭ǵƷǷǩԼ֪ͨ
ǩԼ֪ͨԶŵʽҺ̨ġϢ֪ͨһӹ֮Ϊվ̡
ԸҺ̨ġϢ֪ͨһͻȻյһϢ֮ǣƵǩԼ֪ͨ
šڴȫû˼ȥ֡
ԸɴȥˮһˮȺ㻪Ⱥ
ȺǹٷȺһλԼģӭÿһλҼ롣
ǰʱͼˡ
ȺʱȺһֱǳ֣Ҳһ
۹ҵƷ10ˣ̵ģ
ҵƷ˵һƼƱһλˮġĶ߸ͶģұҪرлһ¡
ÿӣ̲סҪȥˢһҳ棬һûʲô仯ôҲƲסж˰
ж˲ֻһȫжˣȫڲͣˢҳ档˷ڴĸоǷǳ
֪Ⱥû˻յǩԼվ̣ܹյĻһ˷ܵķġ
ԸյǩԼվ̣ǲƷ༭ϿɣҪǣƷֻڳɹǩԼ֮󣬲ܹվƼԴƼƷݲŻᡮ䡯ǡҲֻǩԼ֮ƷŻϼ۵ĻᡣҪģҵϢʾɡҡΪLv1;˷ܣ
ԸϢʾɡҡΪLv1ĻҾܹװˡ
ҳɹǩԼˣҲһװװ
ҾðɣһҪһƽġɹǩԼˣô˷ܶԣûǩԼҲҪ١ϾֻǵĵһƷ޷ǩԼҲʮ顣
⻰ǲƽĻбҪġһܹǩԼôһپ




һǧŰʮ ӦһϢ
ǣ½ϴԼƷ
Ʒһ֮󣬶վ̨ÿһƷ༭Ƕܹ
վ̨֮⣬ƷҲվҳϣ㻪ܹ
ȻһЩûǩԼƷվƼλϣȴǿԳվһЩλϡ
硰¡λãǩԼûǩԼƷܹ
а񵥣ƼƱ񡢹ȵȣûǩԼƷҲܹЩ񵥡
ϰǸݣɵԼ֮󣬸ϰġ
˵ǿЩطֻûǩԼ顣
ڣѾˡ
ǵ˷ܺڴǵҲͬ˷ܺڴڴϴԼƷ
ǽ㻪ԭտҲվһЩطƷ֮Եʮֵϲ
ЩǣϴԼƷˡ
ûֵһƷʮڴ
ôƷҪѡ񣿾ǣǸͼѡǶͼȤ㿪Ʒġ
ѡԼȤƷһһ㿪
Ȼʧġ
㿪˷ǳಿͼƺƷǳʧоǿܹ۵ƷûС
ʵ⵹˵ЩǵƷȫ֮һǿܹ۵ƷûС
֮ԻΪǰǵƷ͡ɡڽбȽϣܹȥŹ֡
ǱϾңһЩ츳ĵһƷҲܺ͡ɡᲢ۲ǡ
˺ܶƷ֮Ҳʶһ⡣
Ǽԡɡˮ׼ȥƷǹֻеȵӹԷڶƷ֮ǲܹҵ鿴ˡ
ӣǱҪʱǡɡȥЩƷˡ
а̾һվǲڴ̫ˡ
ȻҲ⣬ÿ˵ƷСɡˮ׼Ҳֻһӹˡ
ҲţʱƣЩǴƷ𽥵ıøá
˱׼֮ȥЩƷڷ֣һЩƷǿܹȥˡ
ǿȥǾͶƼƱɣֹ֧һ
˵ƼƱ˵ǳҪȻҲģѵģͶˣˣͶ˷ˡ

Ц־磬ı༭
һڱ༭ץʱ壬ڴƷЩƷĺңһۻҵĸо
ǶǾӢ༭˺ܾõƷ֮ȻܹԴѡ
ϴƷǣңǵĵһƷǰһƷ
⣬͸ӿ༭ǵ۹ˡ
Щʵ츳ϴƷƪȻôںԽдԽá
ڱ༭˵Ҫ˭۹ϬˣܹڲôĿƪУϵǱ
˭ܹǩƷԻΪֵн¼ʵĻ

ʱѧί칫ҡ
аϵƷȫһ飬󵭵һЦ˵ԡɡΪձ׼ҲвƷܹǿۡңȽԵܹһЩŲǱС˵ϣһЩ츳
貨ǹӹƳôһƽ̨Щ츳ߣչʾԼĻᡣûйӹЩԶûлչʾԼ츳
ûлչʾԼ츳Լ֪ԼԭдС˵츳ôӹƳһƽ̨͸ˡ
貨ȷˡ

־硣
һʵ࣬ЩƷô
˵ǰһƷϾЩ˵ĵһƷͨЩ۵ĿƪܹһЩһǱߡЩ߽ĴѾдһˮƽ
һЦ˵ƺһϢ
ӶȷһϢǱС˵Խ࣬Խܹ֤С˵ڽгǳ𱬣־ܹɹתͣ⽫һηǳõ»ԣǺǻڻ¶ۡ
һ˼˵ƺҲͬþǻϢ
ǱС˵Խ࣬С˵гԽ𱬣ЩߣԪתС˵֮гȻҲ
ӦһϢ
ȻǰܹתͳɹΪתʧܶг̭
һԼģԼһܹɹת͡
΢üͷչһЦ



һǧŰʮ ˵еǩԼվ
ʥ塣
ҲվϵƷһ¡
ܵ˵ġ
вľǱܹúһµĻԺΪ񼶱ߣӦû⡣
Ц־ı༭Ǳߣ༭Ǿϸ˼֮½ѡһЩԼΪǩƷ
ǲûǩǰƷ㱨˹ΰһΰ
ϾǳνӴģĵг㹻˽⣬Ƕһĺá
ΰԼְ֮ƷվĵһǩԼƷΰҲ˿ĵ
˹ΰ֮󣬰ĵ˵ͷһ༭ȻľӢ༭
ȻǳνӴģ۹⻹Ƿǳ׼ġЩƷ󲿷ֶûʲô⣬ǩԼ
ֻٲƷ༭΢һЩۡ
һı༭ǱߵĹ͸ӷˡ
Ӵ֮ĵͲҪ̫ˡ
ϲڵ˵һõ飬Щϲ
ԼԹΰ˵ˣҲ;ʱȥĵˡ
Ȼⲻ˵Ӵ֮ͶĲܲˣڻڸոѿĽ׶ΣҪƶġ
ֻǲ̫ڲİˡ
߽ӣ֣ࡢҡλүӡ
λүҲ˵ţЩϴƷ⣬ʵĲǱ߿ʼǩƷû
ʱûУͻ½ǩһЩˡ
ͷֵƷʽǩ֮վҲʽˡھͲƳ͵ƷˣֻƷͷḻ֮С˵Ŀʼչ
Ц˵ò¶żһƳġһƳһ㹻ʱƳٶȹ죬Ч̫á
⵹ȷǣСӰպþˡ
Ϸģġ

ֹ˼ʱ䣬Ĳ༭ǣڸһ߷ȥǩԼ֪ͨ
⼸ʱһǶڽš˷ܡڴʧȶ֯¶ȹġ
Ʒ½һı仯εǩԼվ̣ȴٳû
ȻҲףҪǩԼǳѣǩԼǾϲ漣޷ǩԼģȻ̲סźʧ䡣
֮顣
˼죬ûеǩԼվ̣˶ԵЩɥƷȻǲУ޷õ༭ǵϿɡ
û˶ǲܹǩԼƷҲܹ£ȻˣǵһƷ͵ʰɡ
˵һƷʣĵڶƷһܹǩԼˡ
ӹ˵Ǵɳ˭ܹȥ˭гɹĿܡ
һ仰ΪȻ֣ܹ
ѾⲿƷǩԼ׼Ȼ;ϲȴǻڲȻ
½Һ̨ѽ½ڸˣȻ뵽Һ̨˲䣬˺̨ƺһ˿
ĪһȻٶϸһͻȻ֮Ī˱ýš˷ܺͼ
ΪҺ̨Ͻǣ֪ͨһʾյһѯϢ
һѯϢ˲ýš˷ܺͼ
ΪվǩԼվ̵Ļַͨʽ˷ܺͼ
һЩƷϢҲַͬͨʽ͵ģڵѯϢһǩԼվ̡
ԣַǳš
˺ü΢Щ֣ץ꣬㿪յѯϢ
СȲĶȥоԼûŹ
ãƷˣѴﵽǩԼ׼ĵȴǩԼ༭ϵעԼǩԼڼ䣬벻Ҫ޸ԼӰǩԼȡ
֮˫ȭգΪ˷ܺͼ΢΢Щ
ǣƵǩԼվ̣
ƷɹǩˣҲؼĵһ
Ҹ̫ͻȻѾȫͻҸԴЩ¡
ͷһʧȥ˼ֻһ˷ܵĺǩԼˣɹǩԼˣ
˺þ֮缤ƽ
㻪ȺȻѾɹǩԼˣǾ͵װƵʱ̡
ȹ۲һȷȺ˶ûյǩԼվ̣ǵһյġ
˷ܣһװƵĻɻװһıơ
ǩԼվ̽˸ͼȻ󷢵Ⱥû˵Ļ֪Ѿ㹻ˡ
ȻȺڶݵĳĬ֮ͻȻ屬ˡ
ղۣǴ˵еǩԼվһˣˣڼ˵еǩԼվˡǩԼ𣿡
ղۣǩԼˣ϶ǩԼ˰УУʲôƷҪȥݶһ¡
ԭǴ˵еǩԼվ̣ղۣĽ뼵ʣ
ĽּʣҲǩԼ
˱ˣ̬ˣ




һǧŰʮ ȡס
ȺֶĤݵνȵˬ
һװʵ̫ˬˣ
ȻװƹװƣҲ˶ΣǩԼ˵ȷһ˷ܵ顣
ǩԼ˲ⲿƷͳɹˣǩԼֻһʼ
ҪƷȡóɹҪöŬС
һ㣬ѾҪŬ׼

յǩԼվ֮һЩǣҲ½յǩԼվ̡
ϲ˷ܡͬǵļ䱬
ǩԼƷĳ֣㻪Ӫ̤졣
ĵʱҲʽĻ

ʥ塣
Եռ
֮ǰֻ׳ôʱĳɳѾ˽׸ߡ
峤ѾԶԶˣĸ߶ȡ
ԶԶȥһֻһ㡣
⵱Ȼģֻ츳Ǳﵽٷ֮ʮţܹɳΪ޵ģȻС
ǰĴһȻûȫɳѾ㹻ǿ׳ʱȥΪũׯĽ裬שߣԼˡ
ôϹأȵȡһ֡
ȡʲôֺأĥš
һѧڳǾͽ񡱣
񻹲硰񡱰Ǿͽס
УеһԶ޵֣Ǿ;ˡ
ֻϧһѧմһ֣ȴȫûг
ȻһԲܷеĳ򣬾ڳ򾭹֮ӦöԷգХһ𲢼ս
ũׯ޲ˣȴֻХܹУһЩź
ĥܹһֻǱΪ޵ģзĶͺˡ
ֶֻʲôϣ

Ϻʡ֮еĿ񿼲ţѾڼǰˣڿĿѧ칤
Ź䡢λרһ˿ѧԺҰĿȻˣǵĹȴԶԶûн
ҵѧǣҲȺصԼĹңǵĹҲͬԶԶûн
⼸ʱ䣬ڿؿѧһռǵߡ
ѧҰʵĿӰҲȺڸҵصƵ
ֹأ־ľʹڻĳˣȫĹǰ
ǿӻ棬޲пǧ
ҾȻĿֹصľʹ˸е־塣
֮ǰΪѾˣȴĳˣָо̫ˣǳ
Ȼһȫ綼Ѿ˵ĶͻȻǰʱָоȻǳİҲǳ
ĸоҪлЩѧǣΪôӰ񡣵ȻӦøлˣǻȷ˿񣬲ҴҵѧǣȥϺʡƬ֮Сûķ֣ǵڶΪѾˡ
ǵȻҪлһλ¸Ҷΰ
ͨһεĿ¼Ҳ˼һ⣬Ǿǻ᲻ỹбģΪѾ˵Ķʵͻûĳһ䣿
֮ǰһǲܵģУصѧͷˡڣʵ֤ǵѧǲһܹǡ֮ǰ޷ֿһϣΨһܷǵˣֻлˡ
˵ϣĻΪѾ˶ʵû𣿡
ǵģһڹû˸ҷˣЩѧǡ
Ļϣܿĳ֣ΪѾ˵ĶָоȻҲͬǳ
Ҳ밡ֻôģ˵ֿҲΪԵɺϣ鲻ϣܹʵֵġ
Ҽǵ֮ǰƺ˵лĻԸȥָģΪѾ˶ԸĻӦûϣġ
Ǵ˵е˵ڻźܶĴ¡ţԣĴѾˡȻô֪˵ֿܹ֮񣬳˻Եɺ֮⣬Ϊɲ֣ԼصĻׯ
Ҳ˵ˣΪɲ֣Լػׯ޵ܹȥЩ˽߿ƼװѵִĵطҲΪˣŷ˿񡣡
ûҸո˵ˣΪˣʵûĶڵĻȫΨһпܷǵˣֻˡ
ǴһϣܹٴΣѧ߸һ֮ǰĹ۵㡣




һǧŰʮһ ȥ
ȫ۲ͣǶϣܹһηһ֣ΪѾˣʵûĶ
Ҳ֪ûֶĴڣţֶڵĻΨܹǡ
ǻͨģǵۺԸڵҲܹͬ
ǹЦһּΪǿҵԽУָеʮֵĵͽ
Ҫ֪ûģΪѾʵûĶ
ԣǾҪûȤˣ
Ǻ˷ܣǴ˵еȫҵˣҪΨһϣϡ
ΪˣǸеʮֵԺ
ȻԺͬʱʵҲ֪ϵ׻ûУΪѾˣʵûĶ
ǶԴҲͬǳĸȤ
˵Ļֶ𣿡
֪ȻѾ˿ĶҲǲܡ
̫̫ĵط˼˵С
Щ˵һһܹǣһ֮ǰƺȷ˵лĻԸȥָģΪѾʵûĶ
˵˵Ǿʵ̫ˡΪȻ˵ˣǾͱʾȤġȤǾһжпˡ
˵òУֻҪȤ飬һнпܡ
ô˵пܣͻȻٸȫһϲˣ
Ϊܡ


ʥ塣
ѣԼϵۣﲻһ
ȥָģΪѾ˵ģʵûĶƺһʮֲѡ
ȣȻǧãþˣҲȥһߡ
Щ˼ԭʼɭ̲֡ڵȵطһĪ
Σϵ׻ûֶڣʵҲʮֵĺ棬Ҳȥ̽һ
Դϴֿ֮ⷢѾ뷨ˡ
Ȼ񶼻ڣ˵ĶڡܹٷĶ˵Ҳһּľϲ
ϲȥѰҾϲ
淢˻ĶǶڹҲһּĹףѧѧӰǰ
ԸΪһЩܼ顣
ģоԵȥκһĽ䣬κεΣա
壬ҲһأԼǵԸ
ȻˣΪʲôȥһأ
ԽԽĶܿ˾Ҫȥ̤һС
ֻһһȥ飬أҲλүһȥ
һҪöࡣ
ҪȥҪһµĿĵأĴϹƲǡ
룬Ź绰λרûнĵط
λרҸʮоǵĽӦ÷ǳá
ܿ죬Źͽ˵绰˵˴绰֮ŹЩ˵СӻĴȥѰһ
ЦȻҲǳĺ棬ȥ̽һ
ŹƺЩ˵ããСȤʵٺòˡСӱͨ죬ǲõİȫ⡣һȥ̽飬۽ΣǹҺ˵ŷǳشʷ塣
˵ϣôΪϳ˿֮⣬ֶ𣿡
Źʵ˵Ҳ޷϶ĻشˡУҲûУһγȥ̽ĽΣѧ˵ǳҪ
ͷ˵ôϣ֮ǰǸ⣬ҵĵһվҪȥûнĵط
Źϴʵؿʱһרһ𣬵ȷо⡣񱻷֣ʶˣܻΪѾʵûĶڡôЩطпֶĴڣоź޷ó˵Ĵ𰸡ԣ޷㽨顣ңд𰸣Ҳ㽨顣ΪҵĴҲֻҵĲ²⣬ûʲôʵ塣ҪǣͶ֮䣬ƺһĪĻԵĻׯޣũׯЩڻԵɺ·˿Щܹ˵⡣ԣΪƾŸоߣҪǵĽҪõĶࡣ
Źһ˵룬Ҳô¶ȻǾѡһȥĵطɡ
ֺŹ˵һ֮󣬹Ҷ˵绰
ȥʲôطأĥţôкܶط
˼һ֮۾һ˴㡣



һǧŰʮ һվǷ޴½
ȥѾ˴㡣
ڣ￼ǵǣҪȥѰЩΪѾʵûĶһ£ҪҪȸ͸¶һ£
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Ҳһ¡
һγȥѰЩΪʵûĶ֮⣬һĿģǾǿܷܲĳ֣ûб֪Ķ
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ţϻкܶĶδֹġ
Щδ෢ֵĶѾˣĳһ䡣
ʵϣѧ繫ģѾ߱ĶѾֲ֪˶
Իкܶδ֪ĶѾ߱
ȻҲпܲûķա
֣δ֪ģѾ߱ģ͸ˡ
˵Ȼصġ
һγȥĿıǿܷ֣ܲĳ໹δ֪Ķ
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ĥһ֮Ǿ͸¶һ£һε֮̽á
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ϰ֡һЩֹ˵飬ǲᷴԡ
ֻǲһЩģҲ֪ı£֪Բ£ġ
顢رһȥ֪ԼȥĻ϶಻Ҫ鷳סҪȥĳ嶯
λүǳڴҲ֪ϵ׻ûУΪʵûĶ
Ҫȥ̽һȻò
Ȼ顢أλүҲϰ֡һ֪ı£ȻǲЩİȫ
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ͼ˵֮½΢һϢ
˵ǵ֮ǰ˵ĻԸȥָģΪѾʵûĶҲǳϣ׻ûĶڣ̤һ֮̽áһΣҪȥЩûĵطһվǷ޴½ԭʼ֡
΢һ£ڵһʱʹ硣
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죡һܺͼϢǵһ֮̽õĹ̺ͽʵ˷ǳڴ
û뵽ǵԸôʵˡĲ֪αҵļ飿
һνȥûĵط̫ˣֻȥЩطҲֻܹȥЩط
һ֮̽ãһΰУŷǳʷ壡
һվǷ޴½ԭʼǼصĵط˸е˷ܣ

һվǷ޴½˷ܵȻǣ޴½ϸҵˡ
һվѡ޴½Ǹеǳĵͽ
ǿһվѡڷ޴½һΪΪǷ޴½пܣֶڵĴ½
⵱Ȼһֵõͽ顣
޴½ǵֿ治½Ľ֮࣬Ҳòһ㡣
һվΪʲôҪѡ޴½ѡ½
ԭǡĽͣΪ޴½ֶڵĴ½
޴½ǵ½Ľʡ
˵ͨѣǷ޴½ѧѧרңԼҵýǣԺ֮С
ѧ硣
ҵѧǣ˴֮̽õĹעҪЩͨǸߡ
ǲעˡ
һ֮̽õĽΣѧ˵ǳҪ
ҵѧǣ˴ε֮̽ãԼĿ
˵׼ûĶڣһλĻջ⽫һܵ顣
һλ᲻֣һε֮̽ã硣
֣еæµˡæµ˷ܵġ
޴½ԭʼ֣ضΣյĵطЩûĵطףԸˣ
⽫һܵУ¸ҵˣ
ϣܹһһľϲ




һǧŰʮ 
⡣
޴½ҵýǣҲ˴ı
ֽý塢ý壬ý壬ȫ˴ı
ңͷͷ
ýڱʱǻģ͸¶ЩԺ˼
ýǿѵһվѡڷ޴½ȻһԺ顣
Ȼ˷޴½ҵý֮⣬½ҵý壬Ҳͬ˴ģı
ȻЩˬ޴½ýǵćNɪҲûа취˭ĵһվǷ޴½ЩýˇNɪʱأ
⣬ػһȺˣ˵ص֮̽ø߶ȹעǾǸҵ̽ռҺ̽հǡ
һеҪĿģΪ˷ǱΪʵûĶһ̣ʵҲһ֮̽á
ȻܹЩ̽ռҡ̽հǵĸ߶ȹע
̽ռҡ̽հǣһֱһ룬ǾȥЩûĵط
Ǻõģȴ׵ȥԡ
ǲȱðվ񣬵ȥЩһ漸ʶûеĵطͲûðվˣǴɵӾ
ǲȥ̽գȥ
ԣ̽ռҡ̽հǣԲЩطǶЩطʮֵͿ
ôܹȥЩʮֿȥֲĵطһ̶ϣҲܹǵһкԺУ
ΪǶ̽հߣͬһˡ
ԣص̽ռҡ̽հǣһε֮̽ãע
ޣҪЩط˸е˷ּһΰУ
˵ɲ֣صĻׯһЩطһףˣ
һһΰģʷģ
¸ҵˣȥ飬ף


ȫҵͨѡѧҡý塢̽ռҡ̽հߵȵȣȫһε֮̽ø߶ȹע
һεУȫĿ
ЩȻùڵѡѧҡýȣеΪĽԺ
ý׷ױͷͷǹڣ˴֮̽õġ
ߵ㣬һ׵Ҳʹ˽˳ӵרⱨ
лعֿọ̈̄Լ񱻷¼ɵӰȵȣ󻹶һվķ޴½֮Уףչڴܹһ𾪡
ǰδе˷뼤·۲ͣ
ʵ̫˷ˣһ֮̽ȫĿΪһˣ̫Ժͽˣ
ϣһζ෢ֶּҵѧҡͨѡýȣ׵뵽𾪵У
ˬָо̫ˬˣ


ʥ塣
ûбķ׷ţһϣ뿪ʥ壬ʽ̤һε֮̽á
ԵռХ׷һڱĿ
Х֮⣬һΰ׷Ҳˡһνδ֪׷ƻô
ʥ嵽ʡǣʡϷɻ10Сʱת֮̤˷޴½
ϵڶޣǰǵһ̤Ƭ½ڷ޵һУе档
ڱǵĳһңڽֵϣʱʱֵܹۣһ޴½̽һ¡
ĵһңڽֵϣܹбۡ
ɼһεӰȷǳ
һЦǰߣųȥڳ̫á
һ޹ҳķ飬ߣûгͨߡ
ܹ˵ԣŴǵĸ˵ú˼
˺ܾãߵ˳⣬ûͣǼǰߡ
ڵʱߵһ䡣
ʮƤڵСڴǰһϪˣŮϪϴʲô
ϪԶһһԺ䣬ÿһԺռСȴʮּªľĺͿݲݴɡ
߽10Сȫ̧ͷк桢ɻн䱸еӣҲо档
վһȺСȫԾˡ
ЦЦһȺɰСһõػСһǴ˸к
Сһ˵ǵĻеĽ䱸;֮࣬ȴûжӦ
ǲԶϪϴʲôŮվ˹һŮ˵ãʲô𣿡
ЦЦ˵Ǻãֻ·һ䣬͹Ҳûʲô顣
ŮϾ¶ɻɫȻǲһˣΪʲôڵʱ·



һǧŰʮ 
Ůһɻ󣬲ȴû˵ʲôǻصոϴĵطڵϵĶһģĶʢţȻͷ϶š
֮󣬿ʼкһȺСҪصȥˡ
Ҳ֪ǲΪĵѡǰȥ
һȺСӦһһ߻ͷһżŮķȥ
һЦ֪ŮСǣһַ
⵱Ȼģһɫͬˣɫڵʱȷһǳֵ顣
ܹ⣬ԣ䡣
ոմԶʱ򣬿ϪһȺɰС̲ס߹
ڣʱ뿪ˣȻǰߣһطҹ
Ϫ߻صҪһƬС֣λŮһȺӵӰѾ֣һЦ׼ת뿪
ȴһСͷԵĶһСĿ
ŶΪȤû뿪
һ֮󣬼ŮСѾԶˣǸСȴ
СĵƺҪһЩ΢΢һЦС˵СҪˣЩȥɡ
˵֮ת뿪
ǰʮ֮ܹоǸСȻ
ӣЩˣתС˵Сǲʲô˵
СǿƬ̣ڴ˳ЩӣȴǼᶨ˵Ǵģ
߽Ц˵Ǵӻġ
С˵֪ǳǿ͸ġ㡭𣿡
ˣʵ𣿡
СϲûˣǾͺпСˡ
Сͷ˵Ұְˣ10ǰʹＸȥԣһֲ֪ϮȫˡҰְ˵أڶܶ
֪ʵְִֶ𣿡
Сְ˵ûС
ͷְֵûȥҽԺ𣿡
Сҡͷûȥ˵ȥҽԺҪܶǮûǮǴҽģˣ˵˲඼ˣֻҰְֵĻûкá
ͷ΢ЦһˣԴȥְ𣿡
Сҽ𣿡
ЦҲҽһˡ
Сʮֻϲ˵ҴȥҰְ֣лл㡣
лʲô֣
Сҽа͵ϡ
ͷ˵͵ϣ߰ɡ
͵ϻشһתǰ·ʱѾôˡ
ڰ͵󣬴С֣ǰ
ղŵһȺСѾɢˣ͵ϴ֮ȫΧ˹
ΪѾڴԭеĵӺͽ䱸֮ɫ࣬Ǻ档
վһȺӡ
Сʵ͵ϣʲô
͵˵ˣҰְˡ
Сʵ͵ϣҽ𣿡
͵ϵǣˡ
ҽôˣһȺСȫȻΪʲôˣ
ʱ򣬼˹дŽ䱸ɫԭ֮һ˵Ļ𣿿ϲûдκε豸ҩġ
˵·֪͵ϵİְˣҲרΪ˶Ȼ豸ҩġ
Ҳǣ˵ոշǳıǸˡҽŵĴ峤Ƿǳлĺ⡣ֻڼû豸ûҩģҪأ
һЦҪȿߵ˵ˡ
ŵĴ峤һ˵ͷ˵˵Ҳٴθлĺ⣬
ͷͼŵһŴȥ͵ϺһȺǰ档
һ·ϣͨͼŵ죬֪˰͵ϸ˵Ĵ¾
10ǰ͵ϵĸװʹＸˣΪһֶȥ˾һٹģһƬԭʼΧ
ԵĹз⣬һͷӴĲ֪﹥ǡ
ͷܹɽȫɱ֪ΪΣͷȴŹǣŤͷ뿪ˡ
ͷ֪ĶЩȤȻ֪Ұ
Ȼ˲ܴûмֶ
˵ţһľǰŵ˵ˡ
͵һŮִŮӦþǰ͵ϵĸˡ
һ̸֮˵İ͵ϵĸף
϶ദűˡ
֮⣬ԵˡҲΪˣųٳûкת
λҽܹˣȴ޷ˡ
ԣԺתȴȻá



һǧŰʮ 

͵С˵ܹκҰְ𣿡
͵ϵСԴ˵Ȼˣ͵ϡְ֮޷תΪ֮⣬˺صˡֻҪκˣְ־ͻˡ
Ȼܹκð͵ϵİְ֡
ڿռ̳ϵͳŶҩܹðں̵ܶʱڣȫָ
ʹҩԵ̫ھˡ
ҩ֮⣬ԶԱȽͨҩͨҩܹͬðָֻҪʱȽϳ
ʹͨҩ
䣬ǺԵ氲ˣҲǾ֮顣
Ȼܾ
ʾѾ˽˰飬Ϊҩ
ڣҪ뿪ˡ
ŵ֮󣬸ϽȰ˵ڴҹʾʱ뿪ǳΣա
ȴЦЦڰ֣ڼŵ˵ע£뿪˴䣬ʧҹɫ֮С
֮ʱð͵Ϸģ˵һΪְҩҩְһܿġ
ŵ˿ҹɫʧȫʧ֮󣬼ŵԱߵһ˵峤һ뿪䣬ķǳΣգѵͲ𣿡
ŵ˵ֻ·ӦģǸʱѾҪˡ֤Σաһʿ
˵Ϊҩ𣿡
ŵģ
ӵ֪һΪλ·Ҫ֪﷽һٹڣ֮⣬ȫһƬҰ֮أҪȥ
ŵҡͷҲ֮򲻿ɵܸоͨˡ
ӵӣ֪ˡ

뿪֮ѾһƬɫûС
ХӿռٻȻХıϣХ޴Ѹٴҹɫ֮С
ȥ˱֪﹥ĵط100Х˵ʮʱִܹ
֮ǰڴʱѾŵˣǸصľλá
ͷ֪ĶЩȤ׼ȥǸһﻹڲǸ
ֻҪǸһﻹû̫ܵԶСܹ
ʮ֮ХͣһƬϿգ·Ĵ֣˵ͷӦþˡ
С䣬ʲô𣿡ԺС
Ƭ̣Сʱûʲô֣Բ100֮ڵĶܶ࣬ûʲôرĶǼ˵ģһͷ֪ĶӦѾ뿪ƬΧ֣صȥˡ
ͷ˵ȥ
һ޴½ҪĿģЩδԭʼ֣ǰƬĵطȻҪȥˡ
֮ѡһøߴĹ׼ΪЪϢĵط
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ڳʰռ䣬ְХӿռٻ˳
컹ҪٻǸȥһ£ȥ͵ϵİְҩ
ѾҩαװαװΪһ֣Щͨƺͨڷҩ
ھ仹10ĵطХ챳½Х˿ռ䡣
䣬ڿҪڵʱԶԶľͿ峤ŵһȺ˵͵ڵһȺСҲڡ
ԣ׼ӭ
͵ϺһȺ˹峤ŵҲ첽ӭ
Ҳӿ˽Ų

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峤ŵһȺ˺ԶԶѾ˹ˡ
֮ǰȥҩСʱ֮ѾԵĺת
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С͵Ҳͬ˷ܣֱ
峤ŵҲͬʮ־ϲҲû뵽ȥҩȻ˵Ч
һθ뿪ʱ峤ŵڵˣȫеʮֵĲᣬϣܹǵĴ̺㼸ա
ʾкҪ飬޷ڴ̺㣬ŵԺлĻٻصҡ
һȺʮֲ뿪һһ̡
ѾԶ˵ʱһȺ˲ڲ͡
ŵˣ10·֮󣬽Хٻ˿ռ䣬ХıϣŴȥ

Ѿ˷޴½ԭʼ֣ʱ䣬ȫҶ˴֮̽õĹעȣʼղ
˶ڴţͻȻһϲ
ӦѾ˷޴½ǲ֪ʱû
ֱֳܹ̽Ĺ̾ͺˣһ൱ľʡ
ֱֳͲҪˣ˵ϲھͷ
ԲھͷﰡֻҪֱǰĻͿˡ
ֱĻǼֱ̫ˡ




һǧŰʮ ʵֱ
̽ĹУֱһ¹̻档
ֱͬƽֻ̨ȫѵģûйˢȹܡ
ԵũׯҵʱQDֱƽֱ̨ũׯҵĹ̡
һ˸е˷ܣֳܿĻ棬ǾһΪ顣
ǲȫֱֻҪżֱܹһСΣǾ൱ˡ
ҿѧԺ
Ź䡢ĶˣֱҲͬǳĶʵǸ뿴ֳ
ȻϸҵѧǶˣʮֳֿܹ
ĶǾжŹ䲦ͨĵ绰ͨˣŹһϲĵ绰ûźŵûг֡
֮Ź˵绰ʵô
Źɫϲ˵С˵ʵֱһЩ棬ھͷ
ͬϲ˵ھͷһͲµˡȻźûйϵֳܿĻͺá
ŹһЦ˵繫һϢʾһ£СӴֱ棬ͨؼʵȫͬʱֱ
ҲЦ϶ͬ⣬СΪҹ⡣

ԭʼУվһͱڼ䣬ǰ׵Ĺ֣絶
ֱЩ˼
ոսӵŹĵ绰Ź飬ûԥʹӦȫĹڸһ̽գƺǸʮֲ⡣
ܹȫĹڣȫֱ棬ǾͲҪˣֻҪֱ洫ȥʣµԱмȫĹڶܹͬ
ֱ豸ͨ˶ԣǸֱĻһ㶼ֻͨͷֱ
ĻȽ鷳ҪôҪһֻֻҪôҪһ̶ֻ֧ܽ
Ȼô鷳飬ЧҲá
ռ̳ϵͳֱ豸ҪֶܹܵĲ׽䲶׽Ļ档
ȷǳߡ
һ豸ȻĥǲǿùǿǰĻ棿͵Բһ¡

Ź繫ˣֱֻϢͬʱȫĹڣͨ翴ֱķ
Ϣһȫ綼Ϊ֮һƬڡ
ͨѻڣ̽ռҡ̽հǻڣһѧͬڡ
˷ܶڴ
󣬰ŹķʼϵģȷֱʱԼܹڵһʱ俴档
һεֱ漫ΪǲԸκһĻ档
һ֮ͨ󣬵ʼֱʱǱڵһʱ֪
Ǹе˷ܺ;ϲǣûõʱ䣬ֱ洫
Զɾ±ֱ£ףŵĻǶо˫΢΢
˶鲻ԽľĻ̫ΣգҲ̫ˡ
죡ʲôطоʵ̫Σˣ
˵ֹΣգֱʮ˵㲻ʲôˡ
ʲô豸ֱİߵȾͲ˵ˣؼĻ棬ֳ۾ۿĻһ˵Ҹоֳڵǰֱ档
Ҳָоǿֱ棬оȫһġֱ棬Ǿ͸оڿֱڣȴоڿֱֳ۾ۿ̫ˣģ
˭ܵĴ˵еҾͲҪȥ룬ˡ벻׵ġڣֻҪúܣǵĻͺˡ
˵ڿƵֱ˫ôǲͣԭΪָǵӾ̫ʵˣֳһ˫ŲŹء
죬ͻȻЩҿˣ̫ˣ
СĽ鲻Ҫ岻ʡ
ҪһҪҲҪ˺һӡ

Կռ̳ϵͳֱ豸ȫĹڶھӾʵ̫ʵˣֳһ
⣬Ǳ֮ǰӵ˷뼤
ڼڵǰܹԼҰȥЩ˼ĵطֳ̽һ㡣
ָоʵ̫̼Ҳ̫ˣ
ÿһ˶ǳ˷ܡ
ȫҵѧҲһǵɴ۾ֱ棬ֳһ㡣
ҺãӭҸһȥ̽աǰһ֣Ҷˡڣҽµȥ֪ûʲôȤĶڵǣĿԴ
˵ǹȻҪ˵
תϵͳԴ빦ܣҵԿ淭ɣǹֵĻ



һǧŰʮ з
һϲȻҿˣܹҲǼõġ
ֻǣһûдϲлعһ
ȻҪµȥ
죡Ҫȥ
ȫֻ˵ҪȥǾѾоԼ˫ţĸˡ
ٴδҶ׼ͳˡ
е˻ûзӦͿǰĻͻȻ֮伱Ƭ֮ٶͻȻ
ͬʱǸ֮ǰٶ̫ˣӦû½ͱϵķ羰ٶһ㣬Ҳſ
ֱʱе˲ŷӦ
Ѿֵײ½ˡ
һξֱûӵʱ䣬˾Ѿξˡ
˵ʵ̫գ̫̼ˣ
ھ󣬱ǰδе˷ܺͼǰĻ̫ǿҲ̫ʵ˾͸оԼһڻֵײȥ
˵һִδй顣
飬оۣ
Ҹоڷ裬Ƿĸоȫÿһϸˬ˼¡
ˣˣҸоԼˣᵽˣǷɹ¹ʱĸоʵ̫ˣ
ǸоԼǷɣôأ죡ڷɰɣ
㻹˵ˣȷڷɡ
⡭ܰɣ˵ͨ죬Ҫ˵ɣԲʵ
ٺ٣Ȼɣлɵػׯ
ԭˣˣԭׯ档ҾˣһҪȥǻʥ壬ۼһԵũׯصĻׯޡ
ӭʥ塣Ҫׯ޿ɲףҪԵǻߣܶѾȥԵũׯûмһλׯء
ҲȻҪȥԸҵĻԵ㹻ܹۼׯޣһͺá
Ǿףˣѣ
лл


վХıϻ½һףջҲЩڴ
ĿǰΪֹСȻûи֪Ϯ˵ͷ֪ټżһԵ
۲ܵķ羰ֱ豸ܹ⣬ĻֵȫĹǰ
½˺þãйڵ̾Уڵֵײ
ȻֵףȴȻܹʮģͷǰľеĶ
ֵʯᾣǳ̲۽ӣһͨˣֵ׾Դ粽У˵ȴͬƽһ㡣
һЦ˵ǣѾֵסڣǿʼһֵ֮ðɡ
еĹȫɴ۾´һĻ档
ΪոĻܿĳֻ棬ǿɰĶ
ǧٹֵĶ桢ֲȵȣǹȤġ
ֵһ·ǰУٶȻھͷֹĶ桢ֲȣϰ֮ࡣ
ֻǶҲѾ˶ʮ֡
ÿһĶǾҪһΡ
ЩǴ󶼽в֣ܹоóЩﶼǱΣǱΪѾ˶
ˣÿһµĶȻϲ˷ܡ
粽еĵطȴƽһ㣬еĹǸпǧ
˵Уӵɲ֣ӵȷʵ

һֱȴеҪö࣬Ѿֵ״СʱǰȥģҲ֪ж೤ŵͷ
ԼҲ΢΢Щ죬һ·ٶȲҲǰ300ûпͷ
ӣȷеҪöࡣ
ʱСԺ𣬡ˣзˡǰ200ңһִ࣬ڵĳƷ寧
洖ϲֽɶͬһֲܷɵľʹ
ȿҪߴ󣬲ΪЩ֡ȥǿ׳Ҳֲ
ȻⲻҪġ
ҪǣѧձΪɶѾ15ĩʱȿҪһꡣ
Ȼѧ֮ǰĹ۵㡣ʵѾ֤񻹲û
Һܿ죬ʵҪ֤ɶҲͬû
˷ܣû뵽ôջ񡣵ƽ˵ǣֱеĸ֮ǰûҲǵһࡣڣҺȻһǿҵԤУǰн200ҵ·̣ǻ֡ĳΪѾˣʵûĶڣһٳ
⻰һеȫüΪܡ
ֻ˵һָоÿףˣҲɾÿܡ



һǧŰʮ ǰ
˵鶼ܿܣһ߿ֱһ۲ֹ
ôз̫ˣ
200Ķܸ֪Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ֶ֪֮úܣڻΪˡԶĸ֪Ҳǲܡ
ô˵Ļֶ𣿡
ƺҲ̫϶ԣĿǰ˵һһֺĶһӦܹ϶
ǾĿԴɡڴĸо̫ˣ


ѧԺ
Źп˵СӹȻ붯ĳ˵Ե֡ޣ˵Сһεĸ֪׼ȷ𣿡
ĵ϶˵ٷ֮ٵ׼ȷӦòСһǷֿСҲǰ100͸֪ˡ˿˿֮⣬ĴģΪѾʵûĶѧһ۵ҪƷˡ
ŹЦЦ˵Ǻ飬ԸĹ۵㱻ƷΣ顣
ҲЦȻ⵱Ȼ顣ֻǲ֪һֻʲôĶࣿࣿ
Źھ޷¶ˣǸСӽ𰸰ɡ200ľ룬СƺҪ̫ʱ䡣
ĵ൱ڴ

ҵѧǣҲͬŹ䡢Ķһڴ
֮Щˣ֮ǰ񿼲ʱ򣬺ѾʶҼʶĸֱ¡
⻹һЩ˶ֻʶˣı£Ҳûֱֳ۵ĸܹ
ʱﲻЩɻ˵200⣬ܹӦⲻܰɣҷţֻΪ˵õһַʽַʽʵͦõġ
ֻǣЩʶѧǣΪ˵ӦӦġһǿʱͳɹ100⣬Ӧ˿ľλáĸ֪ȷǿȻĸ֪δػٷ֮ٵ׼ȷӦòС֮ᷢʲôĿԴ
ЩѧȻǰŰɣȷ̫ڿˣȷš
ڲ֪䣬ڴк˷ܸУȴǱ֮ǰǿࡣ

һȫˣȫ˿״̬
һЩտֱˣֲϵͨͨŹߣʶģûտֱˣտֱ
˵һµıΪѾˣʵûĶֱͷ֡
˵ķǳ϶֮ǰõǿ䣬ѾԶΪ˿϶䡣
ЩûпֱһһʱķӦ𾪺Ͳţȫû뵽ôջ
ڶӦæ飬˵ǰֱ档
ۼ֤һĶֱͷֻһֻһΣˣǾԻź
ԣԸ鱻飬ҲԸһֻһεĻᡣ
ȫңտֱѸٵĲ
ͳƣ˿տֱĹȫҪ30ˡ
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Ȼһ¼Ժ󣬱Լִơ

ڹֵײǰеҲ֪˿ڿֱԽԽࡣ
ԴˣԵúƽ
Ȼܹ˶ˣ֤ͬɶھͷҲǳڴЩ˷ܡ
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տֱйǣȻҲȫڵһʱ䷢⡣
ʲôǰû·ˣѾֵľͷֻ֮ǰǸطӦûû200ﰡѵ֪ˣ
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пܡңлׯҪԽɽʮּ򵥡
ôҪԽɽ𣿡

ҵĹڶ۲ֹĹ۵㶼ΪӦûᷭԽɽ
Ҳʱ򴫳ǣǰһɽסǵȥ·ӦöˡôӦô죿ǷԽһɽ𣿲ǣǽҪǱˮ
ԭСѾԺǰɽ·һͨǰУҪȷԾɽࡣ
ôȻѡˮͨˣռ̳ϵͳһֽˮ֡Ķˮﲻʪɺ
еĹһҪǱˮһ˷ܣˮػһۡ



һǧŰʮ ɶ
еĹǶ˷ܣڼֶ֮ǰһˮ֮ãȻһǳ顣
ǵͷһת꣬㷢Ѿµˮ
ˮµİģ֪ʹʲô취ĻȻȻûеôȴԿˮеһжСϺ
ˮУַµ硣
ΪֱͷʵУǾ͸оǴʱǱˮһ㡣һھͷǸоԼֻҪһ֣ܹ㡣
һּΪĸо
⣬ԭΪֻһİȻڣȴ澹Ȼж죬ƺһǳĵˮ̶
˵ǹǣҲ΢΢Щ죬Ҳû뵽һ˾޴ˮ̶
ˣշʱǸˮ̶
Ǹˮ̶ˮ̶Ҫ΢СһЩһԺСС䣬ˮ̶ûʲôȤļһڣ
СȻ˼ˣûСˮ̶ⲻٵࡢϺࡢзࡢһЩͨûʲôģûȤļһ
΢һЩź
ȻûȤļһǾùǿˮе֮󣬾뿪ɡ
ȻѾµˮùǶ࿴һˮ磬֪һϲ
ǵȷǳϲСС࣬Ϻࡢзࡢͣھͷﴩ󣬵ȷ൱
˺һ֮ٴǣǵˮ֮üǼ̤֮ǰó̡
ΪʲôˮܹĴ˶㲻Ҳȥ
Ϊ֪Լ͸㲻ֺαȥǸ˼
ˮ̶ϵȻһ㶼ûбʪ
̾һ䡰ˮ֮֡⣬ǰС
ʱ򣬾ɶûĵطѾԶˡ
еĹǣҲѾˮعľͷĿĵؽ
һСʱ֮ܵĻԽԽӣҲԽԽΣա
ȫóûΪû˸
Ȼ⡣
ʱ𣬡ǣǵƺ֮ǰĸ֪ƺȷġΪָ֪ѾǳǿҡѾǿҵԤеǰĲԶǶȿļһ֡ǣǵ۾һ̣Ǿͽۼ֤һԻᱻʷʱ̡
һ˵ȫ۾˲ɵùԲ
ǰĵطĴڱΪʵûĶ
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˶գһ۾ȻЩɵˣҲԸգۡ
ģǾ˵ǻᱻʷʱ̣ǾԲԸ
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ȫеѧǣʱԵ˷ܣҲЩš
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ʲôࣿࣿ
˷ܡţڴ
ȫʮڵĹڣʱȫɴ۾ֱ棬ȴżĵʱ̡
ͻȻֻ˶ľ͹񣬳˾ͷ
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ھͷ־͹ȫ3ңȫɫë๺ܳ40ףǰ乳к㡣ʮֶС˫ȴ׳βһؾë
ǵһӦǿ񣬵ϸһͿԵ
ǣ忴ȥʮַ֣ȻͺͿ࣬ȴԶ˿־壬Щ̬䣬Եʮֱ׾
⻹кܶϸڲ֣ҲͿźܴ
һжǰЩһﲢǿ
ôЩһʲô
еĹȫԵʮֵļ֪ǰЩ͹񣬺Ϳһ֮ǰΪѾˣʵ֤ǻû
û˭Ƚ˽ģûбΪѾģͺͿࣿ
ͺͿ࣬ȷСͺͺͿ࣬ҪһЩڿЩƺȲҲǺ񡣿Щ𣚣ֽɶֻǣɶȻҲھʹ񣬵Ӧûô󰡡֮ǰѧǵоɶӦ1ҡЩ3ףͿˡǹˣ
ԭҲ˵ЩǶɶĻǵسˣ̫ˣϣĶһжҪлΪǴµ硣
ȻܿǰЩ޴ļһл




һǧŰʮ 
ֱͷسĶɶ
һЩѧ˽ĹǣоǳֺͲ⣬ȫеѧǣҲͬǳɻ
ɶھͷһ̣𺳣ҪԶЩͨĹǿҵĶࡣ
Ƕɶ𣿼ѧרңʱҲ¶ۡ
ֿܣһǶɶ
ôΪʲôЩɶͣѧǸоóĶɶͣࣿ
ԭҪôѧ֮ǰоݲ׼ȷҪôǶɶʱһη˱죬ͱñ֮ǰࡣ
ڶֿܣǰЩ񲢲ǶɶֻǺͶɶγʮơ
ôЩһֻûб֪Ķʷûмأǵһγǵǰ
һֿܣȫѧ֮࣬ʮֵ˷ܺͼ
һֿܣζѧһ۵㱻Ʒ
Ȼ󣬱ƷĹ۵ҪؽǶؽˣעҪʷᣬ
ҪȷһֿܣֱͷĻ棬϶ǲеġ
ֱʵҲУѧҪЩʹϣȡһЩ֯Ϊ걾ȻͨصļԱȣóյĽۡ
ԣȫĹǣҪѧǽԸʵֲˡ
ѧҪϸо֮󣬲ܹóۡ
Źһ绰취ЩʹϣȡһЩ֯Ϊ걾ҪԱ걾о
˵ǳɣֱӴӦˡ
֮ȫĹ˵ǣǰЩһǰĶɶΪƣֻʹࡣôЩһǶɶҸ˵Ĺ۵ΪǶɶǵΪʲôôпǵͱôҲп䣬ɶĳֱ죬ͱ󡣵ȻֻҸ˵Ĳ²⡣ȹʱ֮ȫѧǣȨԵĴ𰸣ֻҪĵȴˡڣһ֮ýҪ̤µóˡ
СжϣЩһǶɶΪʲôôҲ˵еԭ
Ȼ̫δ̫֮ࡣ
Щɶܣȫѧȥо
ֻǸȥЩ˼ĵطѰЩĶѰҵ֮о飬ͽȫѧˡ
ֶɶϲ־׼̤µọ́ȫʮڵĹڣȥָ
ȫʮڵĹǣµó̸ǳڴ

̤µó̡
ȫеĹǣҲ̤ͬµó̡
ʮ֮һƬ಻һ춯ٴκ䶯硣
ֶӴ󣬱ϻҪһЩ첿ж̶ݣ¶棬Ӿ
Сжϣֶ֮ǰϮ˵Ĳ֪
ֶڴΪʲôܵʮңԶĴΧȥϮˣ
벻еԭ򣬵Сжϡ
һֶȫһ𾪣ΪȫѧһΪֶǽ״α֡
Ҳ˵һֻûб֪֡
ѧҰ˼˵ֶЩ5100ǰĹڳޣֻҪСöࡣ
˼ƶϣֶпǹڳ޵ĺᡣ
5100ǰڳ޺᣿
Ϊ֮˷ܡ
ֶķ֣ѧ˵޷ú壬һμΪΰķ֡
˼ˣѧΰķ֡ֶķ֡
ңѧһ±ȵѧǶֶо֮ȷʵһȫµ֣Ϊ
Ҳʮϲ˵Ҳһ޴ľϲȻȫµ֡
Сжϣȷһȫµ֣໹ûΪ
˵ڲ֮ʽΪ
Դˣϲ̵ģЩͽĥӦȡһʲô֣
룬ָܹȫ֣ЩȫȫӦһǳ顣
СҪһȫ֣һôѵ顣
Ͼϻ̫δ֪ڵȴȥֺ֪
ֻ㣬ֱֵƵʹ졣
һ֣ȫ𾪡֣ȫ𾪡
ڶʱڣη֣ȫƾͻ𾪵ľˣЧۿۡ
ԣ׼һε֮̽ˡ
ȵԺʱֵʱӦûһο֮̽á
һε֮̽ã˽ʱˡ



һǧŰʮһ С˵ĵڶ
ֱһε֮̽þ͵ԺлĻһµ֮̽á
ʱ򣬻ӭȫĹǣܹټһ̽ա
һϢ֮󣬺ȫĹԼ´ټ֮󣬱رֱ䡣
һιرգĴ˴֮̽ʽ
ֱرյһ̣ȫʮڵĹڣȫһ̾ϢȵĲᡣ
һ֮̽ã˵ʵ̫ˣ
ľͷȥͨ޷ȥĵطЩطضΣգָоŶִ̼ÿһλڶղܡ
ǿ̫ĶֲȵȣľͷǴʶ硣
֮ǰʶģҲΣա
֮ԻΣգΪһ·г̣ȫ˼ĵط
ۼ֤ˣǱɶĳ֡Ҳۼ֤ˣ5100ǰڳ޵ĺᣬȻϡ
һ桢𺳡˼λ֮ã
ȫеĹǣȫȲᣬǻչʾ硣
ʮľ
ֻǿҵţʲôʱܹһο֮̽ã
Ǹʱǽһ߽ͷµ硣

֮̽Ȼˣһ֮̽õĻ⣬ȴԶԶûн
ѧǹһ֮̽õоҲͬԶԶûн
˱ɶ͹ڳ޺ı걾֮⣬ı걾ֲ涼С
Щ걾ѧ˵ֵ弫

ҿѧԺ
ص֮󣬵һʱ͵˹ҿѧԺ
Ź䡢λרңһδı걾ʮֵĿܹλרҵ顣
ԣڵһʱ͵˹ҿѧԺ׼ѱ걾ȫλרҡ
ȻʱڿѧԺȴ걾רңֹŹ䡢Ķˣеѧǣȫ˹ҿѧԺ
ǵĿģȻҪŹ䡢λרһоЩ걾
ЩѧҶ
ȻŹ䡢Ķ˲룬ЩѧǣҲԻŹͬоţȻƤ
ڹҿѧԺŹ䡢λרңҲһѧǡ
ЩѧңЩһѾˣЩһγ
ѱ걾óʱһѧǵ񣬶ʱȫüΪȣһȺǣһֻ۵ĸ
ѧ˵ûбǵĶˡ
ЦЦ걾Ź䡢Ķ˵С
λרҼΪصĽӹ걾СķźãȻŶʾл
һѧǣһ·ϼŵ飬ȫһһ
Щרңĵʮֵ𾴡
ڹҿѧԺ̺죬ʱںһѧǣ˵һֵ̽ģмֵĶ
֮뿪

ʥ塣
뿪ѧԺ֮ûĵ飬ֱӻʥ塣
һγȥܹ˶ʮʱ䣬ʮʱ䣬Լ˵ҲһηǳС
Ժʱʱһ̤ó̡
ʥñ֮ǰһЩͿҪˡ
Եǰ
顢˰ϼŲ԰֣ࡢλү壬λүһԹۿ
˵岻ӣλүӣȻǡӡڡָ㡱ţ֣ࡢλүһӦôߣ
֣֧ʿ֧ʿȰʿ֧СصԲԲһĻ鷳ˡ
ԣԣ֧ʿ܇ڹصԲͺá
ܰ܇Ӧ֧ʿ
܇ǶԵġ

λүӸԵԼգߵġ
ԣÿһʱǻִݡ
¸壬νһ㶼г
ȻֲгĲгһȤĲг
̾˵ûµʱ򣬿λү壬ҲһǳȤ顣
顢ضŮͬʱݺݵĵһۡ
һЦ˵ʲôص˹СӾúȤǲǣһ֣һ܇һ
ԵģǴ㡰ѵһȴϵ˵ˣ廹治ǵĶ֣һ܇һҲǺ
صһߣ˵С֪ͺáˣСӼȻѾˣǵڶ͵С˵ǲӦƳˣܶˡ
ͷȷ׼ҪƳˣɣȷԤ档
صͷ˵ڶʲô͵ģ
ЦЦ˵ʷ



һǧŰʮ ʷƷܻӭ
ʷһ㶡
ʷҲС˵ͣ
֣ࡢλүӣҲִֹͣĶҲظһ䣬ʷ
ԣλүҲĻش𣬶ҲͬеЩ⡣
ʷǺѧģôС˵
λү벻ףⲻ˵С˵ʲôãʷԵѧģͲʺϴС˵ɣ
顢ضŮЩˣǿɻɫ
˵㲻˵С˵ȫ͵С˵ʷΪģƺȫͰ
ЦЦ˵ȫ͵Ʒֲȫ͵ġֻ֮ǰġǡȫ͵İˡҵĵڶС˵ǡʷȻᴴȫ͵ʷƷ
조Ŷһ˵ǽʷǺģС˵𣿡
λүҲʵ⡣
ԣ顢ءλүȫ
һЦ˵˵òûдʷȷǺġǣʷѧֻʷѧһ֡ʷѧֻģܹǧ˰̬ʷΪһС˵ͣǳܻӭܻӭĳ̶ȣڡ֮¡
һ˵顢ءλүӾһ˼ģ˼ո˵Ļ
һ֮˵Ҿáʷͣܲôܻӭܶ˿ʷ֣ƾûʲôĶȤˡ㲻׼˶Ҫ㻻һô¡ʷĲܻӭ
˵꣬Ҳæĵͷͣǻһ͡
λүҲһ֣̾˵ںܶĶ˵ǵȷʷȱ㹻Ȥ˷ǳźȷʵ
ЦЦ˵ǷģҴûаյ顣ǴʷȤȷʵҽҪƳʷƷһǳȤġ֮ǰ˵ʷƷҲǧ˰̬Ȥ˲Ȥ
𣿡顢ءλүӿȻǷǳǣҲû˵ʲô
ǶͼΪΣȻ˵ˣȻǲףʷƷҪô˲ȤȴĻ

㻪Ӫ죬㻪С˵ߣԽԽࡣ
վƷԽԽ࣬Ȼд󲿷ƷĳЩ⣬ҲٲƷܹ˿ȥ
ǣҲѾϰˣ㻪ȥѰƷѰԼϲȥƷ
ֻǣܹǿȥƷʵǲࡣ
ȻǶԴҲǳ⣬ЩС˵Ҷˣ˶ǹӹľţһƷ;¡
ǻҪĥ츳ˣҲͬҪĥ
ţʱƣ㻪ƷԽԽߡ
⣬ܹ˿ȥƷ࣬һʮҪԭǾƷ̫ˡ
ڽСһࡣ
Ҫ֪е߶óд
ĳһЩ˵ҲǵƷʵǲô˵ȴʮóһ͡
ƷͶˣǱܹҵԼóʲô͡
ôֺƷĸʣɾҪöࡣ
⣬зǳߣ֪ԼƷȫڵƳ͵Ʒ
ЩȴУҲ츳ǳߣǵȵԼܹƷͳʱҲܹǳƷ
˵ڽСһƷվϺƷģһǳҪԭ
ôӹʲôʱܹƳڶ͵ƷͳΪԺǣΪĺε顣
Ȼ֮˹ĺڴΪʵ̫뿴ӹƷˡ
еС˵˵ڴ뿴ƷʼնǹӹԴƷ
ֻǹӹʱʼûʲôӦǵȵʵļ١
ȻڻûнƷģС˵˵Ҳͬȵļ١
ԽԽߣվϴԼƷȲƷô˼ٰƷˣҲϴˡ
൱ȣ
ҲϴԼƷιӹٳٲƳ͵ƷҪԼƷȴ޲ߣҲ򣬲֪Դʲô͵Ʒ
ļ൱ļЩԸӵļ
ǺС˵ǣνļ١
ӹʲôʱƳڶ͵Ʒⶼʮˡ
ǰ㿴ӹƳڶ͵Ʒ




һǧŰʮ ǿʷͷ
ǺС˵ǵڼ
ⶼʮˣҹӦÿ˰ɡ֪ǣӹҪƳĵڶͣʲôͣ
Ͳ֪ӹ˵кüͣܵڶʲôͣ϶ǳĺÿ
ȷʲôͣԶܺÿؼǣӹҪƳڶͰȵûлˡ
Ѿлٿлˡ
ӹƳԽԽߣ㻪ϴԼƷʵ̫ˡҲ㴴һԼƷ
ϣӹƳĵڶͣǡܹ͡һҾͿ̿ʼԼƷˣ˼

ԻС˵ߣʱԸǹӹ΢ͻȻ֮е㷴Ӧʼصڶ͵Ʒơ
Ըľʵˡ
ӹ΢ڳ˶ʮʱ֮˷Ӧˡ
װĶǣҺãȷǳлҶƷɡĴ֧֮֡ǰ˵С˵ֹһ࣬кܶ͡ڣҼƳڶ͵Ʒ10㣬ƷʽʼأӭĶ⣬֪ڿ϶ǳ֪Ƴĵڶͣʲôͣҿ԰Ѵǰ͸¶ңǡʷ
΢һ£Ѹٴ磬ԣС˵ߣȫһƬʮֵ˷뼤
ڵȵһˣ
ֻǣǿ󣬵ڶΪʷʱȫһ㵡
ʷҲԳΪС˵
𰸲ǹӹ˵ģǺС˵ǾԲţʷԵѧģҲܹΪС˵ͣ㣡
𰸳Թӹ΢ҶЩɣǲ˭˹ӹ΢ﶺأ
ֻֿԷǳСӦòܳ
ôӹҪƳĵڶƷӦþʷˡ
ʷƷÿ
ǴһɹӹǶڡʷ֣Ȥ
ʷ֣ǾͷۣȻûһĶȤ
ȻҾţӹԡʷΪģĵڶС˵ƷҲһһƷ
Ʒ䣬ҾȤĶ
ƷûȤĶ¡
ʵϣƷʵ٣ҳƷǾ䣬ûжԸȥĶ
ڣӹҪƳĵڶ͵ƷڴҿͻһƷ
䣬ûж˻ȤȥĶ
ҵﲻһֹ
ʵ˵ҵЩʧ䣬˵ڴӹƷȻϣӹƷһ䵫ȴûжȤȥĶƷ
ӹΪʲôҪƳʷƷƷʲôÿģʷ־ͷۡӣֻܹڴӹƳģ͵Ʒˡ
ǰӹ˵кܶͣΪʲôڶƫƫǡʷΪӹӦðѡʷһƳ
ҲΪԡʷĲð

ȻҲеģ˶ʷȤҲжʷǳȤˡ
ô˶ʷȤҪ˵һźǸеЩʷÿһ˶Ӧȥ˽ġҲӹǿ˶ʷȤžѡʷԵѧģΪһС˵͡ӹĿģϣи˶ʷȤȥϲʷ˽ʷоʷӹν࣡
Ҳùӹֹ֧࣬ӹ󼴽ƳģʷƷҶӦö˽˽ʷ
˵ʷһ澵ӣҲһ̵Ľ̿顣ǵȷӦöʷ

ЩЩʷȤˣܿ˻Ӧ
ǳ˵öԣǵȷӦö˽ʷؼǣǶʷȤЩʷ鼮֣ʮֵͷۣҲΡ
ǰû˷Ӧö˽ʷҲ˽ʷؼǡʷ֣ʵ᲻Ȥô죿ҲΡ
˽ʷȻǶԵģҲǺõġǾǶʷȤܹô죿

ЩʷȤˣĻӦҲֻε̾Ϣһ
Щ˵õҲûǲǲ֪Ӧö˽ʷֻǶʷûȤ
Щ˷Ӧö˽ʷ˵ʷ֮ĻǻԽһԴǵǴ
ڣ˼ҳϵȷӦö˽ʷֻǶʷȤȥʷ飬ûа취ȥ˽ʷ
ˣܲȥ˼ңΪʲôʷȤɣ
ȻȤáôʷȤʷȤҲͬġ
ҪЩʷȤˣȤȥ˽ʷ⼸һܰ쵽顣
ЩʷȤˣֻһ̾



һǧŰʮ ȿƷ
ʷȤˣһ̾
֪ҪЩʷȤˣȤȥ˽ʷȥʷ鼮֣һܰ쵽顣
ܿ죬ǵ۾ͻȻһͻȻ뵽Щ֮Կȥʷ鼮֣ӦΪʷ鼮֣ȷʵЩ﷦ζ
ʷȤˣȷѿýȥ
ڣӹҪƳʷƷȴС˵Ʒһȫ͵С˵Ʒ
Щ﷦ζʷ鼮֣ΪС˵ƷЩʷȤ˵ĶӦöٶһЩȤ˰ɣ
ʷȤ۾ǿӹһ֮ҪƳʷͣΪʷô﷦ζԱø˶ʷȤԸȥ˽ʷ
ν࣡
ʷԵѧС˵է֮µȷ˺ܲá
û˽ʷΪС˵οԶԣıҪûôߵС˵
ǣ֮ǰûʷС˵ûС
˴ʷС˵˵û԰ѡʷС˵һӹԴһޣΪʷС˵һˡ
뵽ЩЩʷȤˣͻȻ֮ú˷ܡ
λλȲҪʧ䣬ӹһεʷƷɲЩ﷦ζʷףС˵ƷȻС˵Ʒ˵Ȥġ
֪С˵Ʒǹʷġڡʷ֣᲻Ȥ
Ҳǣҿʷ־ͷۣʷƷС˵ƷҲʲôȤ
ߣҪһʷС˵ƷܵȷôҲȤǹӹҪһƷΪ𰸺пܾͲһˡ룬ӹᴴ˲ȤƷ𣿡
һ˵Ҳǣӹᴴ˲ȤƷ
ЩʷȤˣ۾Ҳһ
԰ӹʲôʱᴴ˲ȤƷˣ
һҪƳƷȻʷģȴС˵ʽȫµС˵ʽ
ҲȷЩȤ
֮ǰֻʷ־Ϳʼͷۣû뵽С˵ʽ֮
ң⻹ǹӹС˵
ܶĿת䣬ڹӹƳʷƷЩȤˡ
ǵѾЩڴҪһӹʷС˵׻ʲôӵģ
ܹ˲ȤĻǻԸȥ˽һЩʷġ
ҲвٵȻûʲôȤ
С˵ôֻҪʷմߣǾͲκεȤ
ǹӹҪһƷҲһ
ŹӹֻᴴһƷǲΪһ˲ȤƷ
ѾԹӹƳģʷƷʲôڴˣѾϣˣӹһҪƳƷϡ
һεƷֻҪʷģǶȤġ

ͨ뷨һС˵ǵ뷨Щһ
Ǿ÷ǳźͿϧǶЩƷٵȴŹӹƳڶƷ˵
ôƫƫǡʷһأ
㡰ʷͣĿԴС˵ʽҲֻйӹܹ쵽Ǿġ
Ǻ֪֮
ӹʱѡƳʷһ࣬˵ھǰװ˷һλᡣ
ӣҪԼƷҪȵӹƳ֮󣬲пˡ
Ƿǳơ

ʱѧί칫ҡ
ʷüͷ΢һ˼ģ
ӹ׼ƳĵڶǡʷҲЩ⡣
ĵһӦҲͬʷԵģôܹΪС˵Ʒ
˼һ֮˵裬¶ôʷԱΪС˵𣿻ԶԶıҪûôߵС˵
貨Ҳǵ˼ά̶̫ˣʷѧĲӦֻԵʽҲĿС˵ʽȥ
˵ͷ˵֮ǰû԰ѡʷΪС˵ڿӹҪһٴ־ˡӹָı䣬ܹǶʷȤɾһξʮҪʷĸıˡ
貨ڴ˶ʷȤԭҪӦþǹʷ鼮ȽϿ﷦ζȤˣʮͷۡӹһεƷܹı״Ļȷش󡣡
10ʽʼˣʱܹ֪ˡЧĻҽǱڴѧʷһѧƲȤԸѧϰʦҳǵǿѧϰֻԼǿԼȥѧϰѧϰЧȻܺõȥǱΪ˿ûԽ
貨ЦЦ˵˵δеԶˣӹҪƳʷƷûǷЧһء
ҲЦЦ˵ȷеԶˣǾȿ˹ӹ쿪ʼصƷ֮˵ɡ
貨˵ͷ˵ȷȿƷ



һǧŰʮ ԴȰЧ
־硣
һüͷ룬ʷôѡʷ
ӹĵڶƷΪʷýһ˳˼
ȻӹѾдһڹӹȻʮֵĹע
ֻǽһеǣҲͬʮֹעӹ
ӹĵڶΪʷýһ벻ˡ
˶ʷȤⲢܣ˶֪
ôӹΪʲôҪѡһ֣˶Ȥͣ
벻⣬һܾܡ
˵࣬ʼ벻ףӹΪʲôҪѡʷһͣ
̾һ˵ʵ˵Ҳ벻סҲӹʷС˵ЩʷȤϲϾ֮ǰʷ鼮ûгֹС˵ʽӹҪָ֣ΪʷС˵һˡ
ΪʷС˵һˣһһͻ˵ʮС
˵ûдʷС˵һˡһʷС˵ɾߣʷϵһʷС˵Ĵߡ
ӹ᲻ΪʷС˵ɾߵˣڻ˵׼ǴһʷС˵ߣһѾʵ
ԣ˵ûд
һɬһЦΪʲôܸоӹҪΪĳѧĵһˣһǳ׵飿
ʵ˵һǳĽЩʣڵ̬ѾǳãĽʹҲȻˣ˶γħ
ֻǣӹΪʲôҪѡʷһͣһЩûס
ֻΪӹţԼĴʷƷܹЩʷȤˣȤĶ
˵ӹĳĿģ
һò̫ףĻţָоܲϲ
Ŀģ˵ӹʲôĿģ⡭𣿡Žһ˵
һҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪һĿ
Ƭ̣˵Ҳ͸УûССƣҲپˡӹôĴ㣿˵ȷѲµ͸ȵԺȻ֪𰸣ٶҲá
һǳεĻ˵ͷӵȷֻˡ
ȵԺôԼְɡ
һ̾һʼջǱЩ

еС˵ߣԼС˵ǣҲͬһһҲڲ²ӹѡƳʷƷԭ
۲ͣ
һ֣֮Ȼǲ²ⲻ͸ӹ⣬ΪƣҲͬЩܡ
ûа취ֻܹԺ󣬴Զˮ档

ӹҪƳĵڶС˵Ϊʷһ£ȫЩ⣬ͨԡС˵ߡҡýȵȡ
ӹֻһͨߣһܶ˵ĳ˵ӹгϲ
ӹһͨߣû˸ҳӹ˭˵ӹϲг
ֻǸеǳĲ⣬ӹ뷨ȻЩܹͨġ
ôӹΪʲôҪƳʷƷʲôʷƷ
ȵӹƷ֮󣬴𰸻
ԣӹһƷƳһĿ
֮һƷɡƳ֮ʱҲǲضá
ʱ˵ڶ10㡣
˼Ϊڴһڵ
½㻪۱һմĻĵǹӹƷƷصʱһӡ
60595857
ʱÿһӣ˵;ҵһ£ʱԽԽ٣ǵԽԽҡ
ЩԹӹ鲻ڴԣȻʷƷȤΪԼһӦòĶ
Ҳͬ棬ӹ׻ƳһʲôʷƷ
Ŀʱ̣ȻҲͬע
10987
10ĵʱ˵Ҳҵʱ˷ܡڴȻһЩš
Ҳ֪Ϊλеţȷ൱˷ѽ⡣
1
ʱһ̣ȫ۾ɵôģҪڵһʱ俴ӹ
ʱʧһѤֳ֮˹ӹ
Щ¶
ڽȻʷƷǹӹ֮ǰ˵ʷƷڿҲܹµõ
Щ¶ʮֱֵףһƷ
ʵ˵һҶٶЩ⡣
ԭΪһʷƷӹҲһȡһʮرҷǳ˵
Ͼ˶ʷȤǾһ˵ҵһȤ֮˵
ڣˣԴȰЧǶЩʷȤ˵
ʷȤǴôֱҪȰˡ
ʵҲȷˣЩͲ㿴ҲͰˣؼЩԭʷȤЩʷȤ˵Ȱ⣬ԹӹһεѾЩȤѾ׼Ҫһˣڿһ˲ʧȥĶȤ
Щ¶һһ鼮ҲѹЩ˻˲ʧȥȤ
鼮˶ʷȤ֮⣬˭ϲˣ
һԴȰЧ
˷̾ӹµǴˡϲ
ǾţӹҪȡһʮǷǳ򵥵顣
ӹȴƫƫȡһԴȰЧĪκΡ



һǧŰʮ Щ¶
ӹԴȰЧ˶е⡣
貨οЦӹȻʱʱҪǾϲ
οЦ֮󣬶˵㿪˵һ¿ʼĶ
ԴȰЧȻܽȰˡ
һΪ㵣ЦŶ˵࣬ո˵𣿡
ЦЦ˵Ҳɡ
֮Ҳ㿪˵һ£ȻҲܱȰˡ

ȻԴȰЧзǳĶûбȰˣڷ̾һ֮ȫ½㿪˵һ¡
ȻȰҲǳ࣬ԭͲ㿴Щ֮⣬౾ѾЩȤ㿴һԡ
ںˣÿˡ
ˣǻǴڿʼͿʼڴӹһƷɡ
Щ¶붼͵ģ˵͵ģʵͷۡ
ȻԸ˵˵Щ¶ʵҲԸֻҪǿ͵鼮ͺá
˵Щ¶ƺֻ֪ʵ۽Ԫ谣ġġС
иƲˣʷϺǳƺġ
ƲҲ˵ƲȻƣӦƳ˰ɣ
˭˵ƾһƳˣƳʵƣ͹涨ƵĶƳ𣿡
ƳĻʵƺơ
ƣɶ
񡭡ɣ
γĻʵҲˣ
γĻʵۺΡţӦΰɣ

ðɣǲòϣǶʷ˽⣬ʵҲ̫ˡ
⻹кܶˣԥҪҪ㿪һ
Ȼ׵ȰˣϾǹӹƷ͵Ʒǿ϶ҲͱƷһ
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ڶݵԥ֮ЩҲͬ㿪˵һ£ȿ˵ʵǿȥĻҲˣֲʧʲô
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ţذˡ
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ְҵʵۡ
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䣺1328-1398
ϲɫɫûѡ
ϵ
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ĸףϣũ񣨲˼ʷкû֣
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1328-1344ţ
1344-1347УҪǳȥַ
1347-1352Ҫײӡ
1352-1368췴ͣ
1368-1398Ҫʵۡ
һе鶼1328ǸҹʼũĵӳһӤҶ֪ˣӤǺԪ谡

Ҳ
ȫ鲻ԽĺһҲ
⡭⡭
ڵ㿪һ֮ǰǱ磬Լһ¶꣬Ϳȥˡ
Ļʵ˾ЩˣǲԸȥ˽ʷʵǿʷ顣
ȻڣһֱĿƪǵ۾˲֮ǰ磬˲ʧһ롣
ֻĿƪȤͻȻ֮˿ȥ
һʷ飬ǿ˿ƪ֮󣬲ûͷۣ˿ȥ
ֱ漣һĴڡ
ԼģǾȻһʷȤ
Ȼ⻹˵ǻڽһֱȤڵĿƪǲ˼¶Ȥ
⣬Ҫġ
ƪǲȤ漴ˣҲʧȥ󲿷ֵĶߡ
Ŀƪϲ̵ġ
ǲǲԸȥ˽ʷֻʵǿȥʷ飬ǶԴҲΪա
Ҳ֪ԼȷӦö˽˽ʷ
ڣһܹǲȤʷ飬Ȼϲ
ǷǳԼ㿪˵һ¡
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һ֮ǰѾףڸǸӵˡ
Ԫ谣󲿷Զ֪֪ĿʵۣҲڴˡ
ģͼȫ֪ˡ
ڣֻһݹԪ谵ļ򵥵Ҿ֪ࡣ
֪ԪƶũŹţУ췴ϻʵ۵ĵȵȡ
ָоΪ
ʮϲЩȲļ濴ȥ
һͣˡ
´Ԫ谵ĳ˵֮˵ˣΪƶԪ谲òС͸¼ҷţȵȡ
˵ˣԪ谺飬ȴΪƶ޷顣
ʮʱʼԼԺҸдڵ̫ýһֽڿ졢ܸɻĹﵱϱȻԼĶŮ
֮˵ΪѣԼٸĲΪԪ谵ĸסĸס̶ı硭
ȫµӽǣʱԴƤʱص֣ӱַһԪʷһǰδеķʽչǵǰ
ǿˣǿһʷ飬ˣ



һǧŰʮ ⲿƷش
ȫˣȫ˹µС
ֱ˹ӹµȫ½֮󣬲ع
ȻֲԼͬķһ˼ľǾȻһʷ飬ˣ
µĿƪ˼ĶȤµݣֱԡ
һ˼飡
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ΪʲôԭֻһǾǡЩ¶ⲿƷħ
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ѾԤеͨⲿƷܹΪϸ˽
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˽ʷǺõģÿ˶һ㡣
ôҪβһʷȤˣȥʷ飿ȥ˽ʷ
֮ǰûܹҽþ˼Ҳû
ڣЩ¶ˡ
ӹƷȻǻ˾ϲľϲüŵ֡
ܶѾ־ϲں˷ܣ۲ͣ
ЩԭͲ㿴ֻ߱Ȱ˵ǣЩԾˡ
ΪʲôЩ˻ô˷ܣԪ谡Ԫ谵˵ͣ˵ʲôԪСʱŹţֵʲôʲôġ
ļٵģ
ԣⲻص㣬صΪʲôЩͻȻ֮䣬Ԫ谵ôȤˣ
Щ˸ոնˡЩ¶Ǳ飬ѵΪǱԭ
ԪĿʵʷʶ˻֪ġ
ֻǣԲ԰һȺʷȤˣȴôȻģ۹Ԫ谵飬ô͸¶һ˿졣
Ͳ㿴߱Ȱ˵ǣȻûе㿪Щ¶ģȴһֱϣעЩ㿪ˣһĵǵ״
Ƕһֻ˼ŵȵЩ㿪ĵˣûһͿȥˣȻ²ۣ˵ʲôȻ͵飬Ϳȥֱͷ۵ȵȡ
ǸʱǾͿֻıʾǶôȼ֪֮ԲŲȥ㿪װͷһΡ
ӦӲŶ
ȻڰǰʵȴĽȻͬʲô
ĵɻ̲סѯʡ
ȵȣȵȣȲҪʲôԪˡȸǣôһ¶𣿡
ȥһЩ¶Ȼˡ
ȻΪЩ¶ԭֻǣܹȥͷۣ
Ĵ𰸻Ǻ͸ղһȥ֮Ȼˡ
⡭Ǻðɣȥһ

õһǴ𰸵Ĵ𰸣㲻״ǣøӵɻˡ
ɻͬʱʮֵĺ档
ΪʲôЩ˻˵ǿ֮ͻ֪𰸣
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ͬþϲǷ֣Ѿ˿ȥȤ
Ǽ濴ſţˣ֮ǰΪĲڶ֪ԭ
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ˣǻ֪ǿ֮ǿ϶Ҳ֮ǰЩһŨŨĿʼ۹Ԫ谵Ĺ¡
ΪѾʶһԪ谣һﲻ

ʱѧί칫ҡ
ããã
Ȼã˵˺üá֣Ȼ˵ðǺðû뵽ʷ鼮дʷΪ;ΪߣС˵ıʷĬȤһȫµķʽʷʹⲿƷٿҲٷζˣ˷ǳ˿ղܣ;
貨ҲͬãӿڵһЩʷȤһʷͷ۵ˣҲܹʮõĿȥˣȲ濴ǹռʷŲɹáӹǲţȻܹ뵽ַʽʷƷ
ͷͨⲿƷԻ÷ǳ˽ʷ˶ϲʷʷȤһⲿƷʹˡȻһ⣬ǾⲿƷ¼Ƿȫʷ
貨һȷҪΪӹһʷġȻǲֻ۵ΪҪĺʵһ¡ͽصЩ¼ȫʷֻǹӹһЩطһЩԼ¼ͿⲢûʲô⣬ӰҶ¼֪ңӹԼ¼ͿܹԶ𵽲οãöܹõЩʷ¼Ȼǿ԰ȫͬӹͿҲԼͬͿЩû⡣ЩС¼ǷʷȫҪЩʷѧרȥʵһˡǱϾרоʷģһЩʷС¼Ҳ
ͷȷˣϵһϣҲһⲿƷ
貨ЦӦѾⲿƷֻϣҽǱߣӦöѾע⵽ⲿƷ
⵹Ҳǣֱѯһ⡣



һǧŰʮ еĳд
ĻʷĻоֲ
᯸ÿ˲Ӱ칫ҵĴš
᯸ЦᯣҾ֪һ֪ΪЩ¶
᯸ΪԼһ裬Ȼ΢΢Цô˵ҲǲƷˣ
ӵͷȷѾˡܹѿ﷦ζʷ鼮ĬȤʤʷ¼۴Сֶ׼ȷ󣬵ӹĳЩ棬ܹȼһονһľϲ
᯸пһƷȷʮֵ˲ЩַҲ˵˵ʷһ飬Ǵ¼С¼ȫ׼ȷ֮ĶԻоݿѰϿɲ顣ɼӹڴⲿƷ֮ǰһ͸й鼮ʷҰʷоһЩĵ̵ȵȡĶʮ֮󡣹ӹһλ˲ߣٸߵΪ
ӵȷٸߵΪԭΪС˵֮ƳС˵һЩĵƷǾʣʲôʵ塣ȴû뵽ƳЩ¶һƷⲿƷʵ壬ԲС
᯸ʵȷСңھѾֳˡԪ谵Ĺ£һǷǳʷʵ¼飬֮ǰǲֵܳġôʱ䣬ǾʶһԪ谡ȫⲿƷĹͣʵ𣡶ңҪǣⲿƷΪǴһȣдʷ鼮šˣ򣬽ǱӦѾҹ˰ɣ
ӵͷҹˣҹˡ죬ӹҪƳĵڶƷΪʷ֮󲻾ãҹˣһ¹ӹһƳ顣ڸո֮ǰִһ绰ѯʡЩ¶ЩС¼Ƿʵʷȫ
᯸ô˵ʱ򣬾ѾĳԤˡҲϾǹӹƷʷռʷ̲д飬Ǳ߿ûԽ뾡һЩ취ȴȻûʲôЧڣǱǿˡ
ЦȻոڵ绰ǼֱƲסϲڵһΪ
˵꣬ȴ칫ſͻȻһЦһ˽
ո᯸ʱ򣬲ûš
һߣһ˵򲿳˵õȷڵȷʮֲ
˵һ仰֮᯸˵ϣ
᯸΢΢Цȷһֵ˸˵顣
ԭոŽӣѧΡ
ѧڵʮֲЩ¶Ȼһľϲ
죬ӹҪƳһʷƷ֮ѧεһһĪĸоӽһⲿƷ
죬Щ¶ʽʼأѧο֮ƲסϲȫµдַȫԽڹʷ鼮ϡ
ѧֿϣЩԭʷȤˣȤŨ۹Ԫ谵Ĺ£ϲ
ʵ֤ӹȫдȷǳɹɹЩʷȤˣʷȤŨȤ
ѧﻹһǣǾǡЩ¶ĴС¼Ƿʵʷ¼ȫ
ȫǶپЩźˡ
绰ѯӣõȫĴ֮󣬸Եøˡ
һЩ¶ܹ׵ģΪռʷˡ
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ЩǷȫ׼ȷʵûб׼𰸣ȫͬҲһЩԼͬ
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΢΢һЦ˵һҪеĳдǹʵ̫ƴˡӹǲţҲᾫ㡣Ҫֻ֪ҪĵϣǾһѡԣǲܷ롣
ѧһ㶣˵ͷ˵ĵȷʵֻ˷ܣЩǲˡ



һǧŰʮ 
ѧ˵ȷҿǲˣֻǣһ˾Щź
ЦǣһҪеĳȷܡһֻһĻͼûʲôˡ
Ŷѧε򲿳˼ǣҪҲͬߣֱһ
ӵͷҺ᯸ոҲ˵飬ӹġЩ¶һõģ壬ȫԽģ壬Щ¶ҲַͨʽչʾߡҪ֪ǹʷƾãĳ١ֻĹ£ǵȷЩź
ѧ۾Цãðǵֻܵǣ֪׼˭дҪ֪Ȼ˹ӹġЩ¶Ϊģ壬Ҫ¶ȻΪѣһܹ
ӵͷȷȻǼΪѡȣҺȤһ˸һ϶Ҫ롣ѡǿҲԵëԼ֮ѡһʱҲҪȵӹѡЩ¶֮ˡ
ѧϲҪִʵ̫ˣҲĻǾ͸ˡԡˮ䰴֮һֱûƳƷˣҶƷ
ЦҪ֪ֻһңǲڴӹһϵƳƷǰոսԼ֮̽ãĿΪҹӮ˼
ѧθпѾҹһƬˣӰ磬˲𰡣

ʱѧί칫ҡ
˸ո᯸ͨпҸոѾʹˣ˵۴С¼ȫʵʷĶԻоݿɲ顣ӹΪ˴ⲿƷרйʷ伮˲𰡣
貨Ҳͬп˵ȷ൱˲𣡡

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һҵ˴𰸣п֮󣬲˵ȳ˸Ŭ
һижЩ¶Ĵдǹӹŵ֣ʷоôô͸һǹӹˣйʷ鼮ֻ鼮ʷĵ̵ȵȡ
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Ҳͬп˵ԭʷƷЩдһڷܵĲƷⲿƷشϲĻⲿƷѾˣҽǱߵע⡣Ժ󣬽ٱ׫ʷ鼮ֻ¶ӹдַ˲𣡹ӹĵλһߡ
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ӣһһĳ
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ֻǽһҵ˴𰸣С˵ǣҲͬҵ˴𰸡
ͬпǧƺÿһιӹƷʱǶҪпǧ
Щ¶˲ƷȲ˵ӹĴдǰʷоô͸;һõġӡһ仰ԽŵԽŬ
ʷо͸ҪĻֻȤҪַʽдһƷǾҪ츳ˡڷܺ츳ȱһɣƷֻͣҪģдһܡ
˵ⲿƷѾ˹ҽע⣬ǲ򵥣
ֹǲ򵥣ⲿƷӰҲĻҪ󣬿Űɡ


ʥ塣
Щ¶ոտʼأѾ˸𶯣Щϲ
жϹȻûдⲿƷȻἫΪܻӭ
ǰµⲿƷӰܴ󣬻꣬ͳһǧᣬΪʷľ֮һ
Ҳƾ飬һٳΪĳҡ
ҽѧᣬĽоȵȻ׷׽Ϊʷ鼮Ƽ
ⲿƷҪǣ1344굽1644䣬һЩ顣
ƷʷΪ;ΪߣС˵ıʷʮߵۺȨԼСˣȫչʾ
ԹٳΡսī࣬˶Եʱξƶȡ׵µ塣
Ʒһԣ渵ٶʷ¡ʹԭʷİģʷһʻ
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ȻдⲿƷʱ򣬰еһЩ͹£һЩı͵
Ͼʷ¼ڴͬ£һЩͬĵطͱҪӦ޸ġ
ڣⲿƷܻӭʮϲͲѵµⲿƷ磬Ҳһ޸ˡ



һǧŰʮ ƳʷƷ
ʮϲ
ȻһҲԤ֮У⡣
ڴ֣ࡢҡλүӣЩ˵λүӣô˵ǲõİɡ
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ҲҶ֪ʷϵĳôȻʵۣһԪ֮ǰȳƵۡ
֮ǰӹǡʱи¡û뵽ʷϻˣңͨɫôֱһ۰
ʶˣôһ룬ºԪ֮ĴսǳȡʤƷԪͳΡô½ֻһۣƷԪͳΣ³һʷ϶Ԫ谵ۣΪһۡ
˵ĲʷûʧˣֻһۡʵѾƵˣźŴ壬Ϊº棬ѾһˡֻǣʱȻԪͳΣĺҼ֮ͱԪӰ첻󡣡
Ҷһʷˡ
ٺ٣ö˹ӹⲿƷͬûⲿƷ֪Щ
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ǰӸӸ


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ȻӹƳĵڶƷȴǡʷ
͵ҲûʲôؼҪӹƳľƷʲôȻͨģ¡վڹӹļ֮ϣܷдóԼƷ
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ԣһС˵ưӣҪһԼƷʱ䣬ҪƳˡ
ֻеȴӹƳ֮󣬿ûлˣ
ƣƣ
źź
ڡЩ¶ʮֵˣǿò;ҲͲôƺźˡ

С˵ƺźҲܹܵóҡͨԡС˵ߵȵȣȫܵó
ǾЩЦҲЩͬ顣
Ȼ֡ЦǳЦǼЦֻǾЩߵһգ϶ΪƣҪЦһЦûʲôɫʣǵЦһ¡
Щͬ飬ǿ
ʥ塣
ЩһЦӣڵԡʷһ⣬źܴľԡ
ҶΪʷһֻ࣬ǹʵʷ鼮
Щ¶һȻӹȫµдַ˵ǹʵʷ鼮
ǻ֪ʷһҲпգѤʡ
Ȼڲ֪Ҳ
ϾڵĲŸոĻķ˼άԾҪƶ
˼Ƭ̣½ӹ΢һϢ
΢ҪһС˵ߡ
˵һС˵ǲˣƣҲźС˵ϸĶЩ¶ܹͣо顣
ȵʱʱƳʷһƷһ
Ǹʱ򣬶ʷоߣܹдԼƷˡ



һǧŰʮһ 
΢һ£ڼ̵ʱ֮ڣʹ硣
ȫһȻӹһ΢˶еʮ⡣
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ӹҪټƳһʷһƷ
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˵ĵһӦģһС˵ǡ
ֻǺܿ죬־ЩԾ
Ϊӹ˵ˣǸʱЩС˵ߣпܹԼƷ
ôӦܹ϶ӹҪƳʷƷĸ¶ˡ
Ϊӹд¶ЩС˵ǣҲͨģ£ȻԼдĳ¶
һӹԼ϶Ҳ֪ȴ˵ˣǾͱҪƳʷƷǿС˵ģ£ȻԼƷģǾͶȻĳ¶ˡ
ôˣĳ¶ֻʲôƷ
ʷƷӦöǹʵʷƷ𣿲ĳ¶ιʵʷ
ѵʷƷԲʵʷ
ӹʼҪƳʷƷʱ򣬴ȻӹΪʲôҪƳʷͣҲ֪ʷൽʲôӵƷ
ǹʵʷƷ
Щ¶ʼصʱʵҲȷˡȻӹǴһȫµĽǶȥ׫дϻǹʵʷƷ
ȻڣҲŷ֣ʷƷƺֻǹʵʷġ
ʵʷƷʲôӵƷҪд
벻ף
ңһֵĵطӹЩС˵ǣоЩ¶˵оʷ
֮ƺ˵ЩҪдԼƷһǰǾҪʷǳϤ
ʲô
ȫ˼⼸⡣

ʱѧί칫ҡ
ü˼һ֮󣬲ûʲôͷ˵裬ô
貨ҡҡͷ˵ûʲôͷ벻ףӹԲ²⡣
Цһ˵ңһƺرԲ²⡣
貨ˣǾͲȥ²ˣȵƳƷɡƷ֮󣬻ͻˡ
ͷ˵Ҳֻˡ

ĻʷĻоֲ
Ͼ˼ɫ˵ҪƳһʷƷңӦòǡЩ¶ƷֻʲôƷ
᯸Ҳ²ƳʷƷпܲǹʵʷˡ
ӵͷҲΪǹʷƷֻʲôӵƷ
᯸ҡͷͲ֪ˣǵ˼άվûйӹԾ
ӵҲգǾͲȥˣȵӹƳƷʱ򣬴Ȼ㲻ǹʵʷģҲûʲôϵСЩ¶˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
᯸ͷȷˡ

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һһ̾Ϣһο͸ӹ⡣
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С˵ǣʱҲȫۣӹ׻ƳʲôʷƷ
ֻǣ˰죬ȻûκεͷֻεѡֻʵʵĵŹӹƷƳ
Ǹʱ򣬴ȻҲͽˡ

˶Թӹ΢䷴ӦǾȣ⣬²ⲻ͸ӹ⣬ʮֵĺڴ
С˵˵ϵЩӦ֮⣬ʮֵ˷ܺͼǶЩƷΪӹƳʷƷǰװ˷һλ˵
ԭΪһѾ׵ˣʷǱָˣѾϣˣӹԺƳĵϡ
ȴ룬ӹͻȻһ΢
񲻾˵һλûǻлдԼƷҪȵӹƳ֮
ʷһ࣬Ҳпдó
ĻʷͲװ˷ˣҵԼܹд͵ļʣҲҪһЩˡ
Ȼӹ˵ܹкüͣҲӦþ10ң˷һ֣ɾ˷ʮ֮һļʣʵۡ
ںˣӹһľϲӦþͲ˷ˡ
Ѿ˵ǣͻȻ֮оǰ⡣
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ڹӹ΢Щ⡢²͸ĵطҲȥӹ˵ˣֻҪ˷ܺڴˡ
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ڣӹϸĶЩ¶Ƕо飬ˡ
ǱͶⲿƷǳȤ޷ǾǣĵȥооҲˡ
Ͳ¶
ڵ鼫ãڴ



һǧŰʮ ʷȤ
С˵ǿһƬ⣬ڴǣҲͬڴ
ȻҲ²͸ʷС˵ˡЩ¶֮⣬ʲôӵģ
ֻ֪ҪǹӹԴƷǾһǳʡ
ԣǲԸȥЩԽ⣬ֻҪһ߿Щ¶һߵȴŹӹƳƷͿˡ
һǳ飡

ʥ塣
ϪˮߣλүӺڡ
֣࿴ʵ㻹ҪƳʷƷ
ЦȻϴβ˵ʷƷҲпգ˶ʡЩ¶Ǿ䣬пգ˶һ㡣ϾһʷƷȻС˵ַʱϾûиı䡣ȻҲܸı䡣
λүѾ֣ԼԼƷΪһ£ѾϰΪˡ
ԣ˵Щ¶ǾʱλүȫѡԵĽ˹ˡ
Ȼλү֪ǵȷΪ䣬ôҲҪȵ֮ȥ
֣˵ô˵ʷƷͬЩ¶ȫһˣ
ȷȫһʷ͵ƷˣǴС˵ƷʷС˵Ʒ
֣ͷֵ׼ʲôʱƳ
Щ¶ĵڶ졣
֣ЦҪ޷϶ӵ𣿡
ȷôġ

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һַǳǳĸоֻоԼʷĺٶʱ䡣
ϰʱԺѾջ̫Ķ
ֻоԼˣƺĻˡ
ⲻǴţƣҲǴǳϤһʷ֮󣬵ȷĸо
ԣڷǳ㣬Ҳǳ˷ܡ
ڡЩ¶ᣬʲôź
Ͼʷ鼮һˣƷȻҲͽˡ
ǣܹĳ¶ƷȥμʲôǾʵ̫ˡ
һ֣˽ʷļС
һ仰˵ǣѾʷȤˡ
лӹġЩ¶ѾʷСˣһжǡЩ¶ĹܣΪһΰƷ
ҲΪⲿƷȻ࣬ԭʷȤˣʷȤƷ嶼ǳش󣡡
ϤʷͻȻ֮оԼĻˣԺȥͱ˴ţƵʱҿԺúõĸǰһڹĹ£ָоˬ
ϣӹܹƳ¶ƷӹһƷȻҲʷģƺǹʵʷˡ⻹Щź


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һе˷ܵģȻǹҽˡ
ǶʷȤǹҽһֱŬȥ飬֮ǰ˺ܶ취Ч΢һЩ¶ʵԸ⣬Ȼ˷ܡ
ȻҽҲףЩԸȥ˽೯ʷһǰǾЩʷ飬ҲҪЩ¶һ
ЩȥĶЩʷ鼮ǿ϶ҲǲԸȥĶġ
⣬ڹҽ˵Ͳ⣬Ȼֻ뿴Щ¶Ʒ
ôǾͽЩ¶±׫Щ¶Ϳˡ
ⱾڹҽļƻС
ңҽЩ¶±׫׶εʷ̿飬ѧǴӴ֮ԼʷȤԸԼȥѧϰ֮ǰΪ˿ǿԼʹȥѧϰ
ѧͻȻоһжüˣӴ֮ΪʷԽˡ
ʮúɣ߽ӵİ칫ңӺ᯸ڡ
һЦȻ˵򲿳ϣڡЩ¶Ѿˡڱ׫Щ¶Ʒһ£ǿʲôʱʼʣҲǰ繫һϢϢȻúܶ߸еϲڴ
Цƺǳļѽ
ѧһЦ˵򲿳ȷЩȲˡ



һǧŰʮ ʷĵӾ磿
ӵͷ˵ȷ粻˳٣ҺѾѡܶʷѧרҶԴ˷ǳȤ׷ëԼԸ⸺һ׫д
ѧֳϲɫȻ뵽һҪ飬˵ˣһǳҪ飬ҲǸողŽӵ֪ͨΪЩ¶ԭһʷȡȶȻǲϾԸ⿴и˲Ը⿴顣ȻⲻΪЩ¶ãΪЩ˸Ͳ飬ʲô鶼ôȻûпЩ¶ˡڶʷȻȤΪøˣһʷȳУʷȤһĳʷĵӾ硣Աһʷȳӵռ
ӵͷȷһܺõ⣬ܶ˶ῴӾĻе˶ῴ֪׼һӦòǻѾˡЩ¶ⲿƷ涨Ȼһ
ѧЦ򲿳˵ȷһ򲿳һ£
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΢һС֮󣬲ɫĵ˵ͷ˵ҹӵǧʷĳֻ࣬Ǵ󳯴ͳʮЩУкܶ೯ӢﱲۡʺΪӾĳ
ѧһЦ֮˵򲿳˵
ӵʷʵʱ֮һҪŻܻӭӾϾƷܽЩ¶ַÿζĻǺܻӭ
ѧεˣʵʷ¼һһȥĻȷܻܿȽϿζĵӾû˻ϲ
ӵӦǺã
ѧεһֱ˼⣬ոûʲôõĽ飿
ӳҺ᯶оʷģǽЩ¶һ¶Ʒȫû⡣Ӿ緽⣬ҲʲôõĽ顣㲻ȥӵӾƵרҵġ
ѧεͷ⵹ҲǣȥӵӾƵǱߵ
ʱһֱû˵᯸˵Ƕ㡶ˮ䰴𣿡
ӡѩζ˶΢΢һ㶣˵Ӿ飬᯸ôͻȻᵽˣ㡶ˮ䰴飿
ͻȻӹһЦ˵ԶԣôˣϴҪһũΪĵĵӾ磬Ϊ˴һԭƷˡˮ䰴ڣҲһʷƷƷĵӾ磬ȻǳܻӭǱҲҪ׫һĳ¶Ʒڵá
ѧγһεһЩһһǹڹŴũģĴһǹʷģһЩ¶ĻžԲȹӹһЩ֮ǰ˵Ӿ粻Ʒܸʵʷһһ۵㡣Щ¶ƷǳɹɵӾ磬ͲһɹˡңҪǣһεĵӾ磬ҪԵĹڣͨЩ¶ⲿƷʷȤĹ֮⣬иöƽʱĹڣڶʷȻȤҪҲϲⲿӾ磬Ҫġ
ӵȷĳĵӾʮֳɫĻǡЩ¶ĶϲЩҲϲ͵ʷӾġǿһ
ѧεͷȻá
ЦЦ绰ͨֻ
ܿ죬Ǳ߽˵绰
֮ӹҶ˵绰
⼸ӵʱѧһֱڹ۲ӵı飬Ϊ˵Ӷ˵Щʲôֻͨϵıжһ
Щϲɫϣ
ӸһҶϵ绰ѧαȲʵ򲿳ôô˵
ЦЦ˵˵ҪһģʷĵӾ磬ʵܼ򵥡ֻҪʵʷĻϣʵһЩţ鹹һЩھͿˡ
⡭ѧοЦ˵õȷûдؼҪνпţҪôգУҪ鹹һЩʲôڣܹ㹻ң鹹ڻ鹹Ҳ鹹̫ˡ򣬾ͲǹʷĵӾˣҲʧȥԭĳԣĳɵĵӾҲû塣
ӵͷ˵òҪЩȷΪѣһܹ뵽ܹЩֻ
͹ӹѧνӿ˵
ЦȷˣΪֻܹ
ôѧ۾һӣϣʵ򲿳ոտڵ绰һƷɴӦˣ



һǧŰʮ עصת
ӴȻ˵ˣҲѾӦˣ˵ԴһƷʾⲿƷʼأҪȵƳЩ¶Ʒ֮ŻῪʼء
ѧһܣԸ֣Ϳȫˡ˵ʼأЩҪƷΪӾ磬ǿ϶Ҫȵ֮󣬲ܽıΪ籾Ȼܿʼ㣬㻹Ҫ̵ʱ䡣
Ӿߵʱ䱾ѾˣƳصĻǾ͸ˡ
ѧ˵򲿳᲻΢̫һ㣿
ѧε˼ЦЦ˵򲿳赣ģ򲿳϶뾡콫ƷӫԣԸȴ籾ŴС˵Ҳ˵ܿͿԽ籾㣬ع¶Ʒڼ䣬ӾѾˡ
ѧϲ˵ԸԴ籾𣿶һȴ籾ʵ̫ˣ
ӵʾǳⲿƷҪ԰ѹأԱѡ񣬷װ͵ȵȷ档
ѧθܣ˵֮ã֮ðھѾⲿӾ磬˾Եģ
ӵȻˣҲ콫ڣЩ¶ƷƳ
ѧεúã򲿳ϣļλʷѧרˡˣǴʲôķʽƳػֱӳƷ
ЦȻЩ¶㻪صģȻҲķʽڵ㻪νʮֻ𱬣Ҳȥһ£һС˵ߡ
ѧιһЦ˵ôʣǽƵС˵ˡ׼ʲôʱʼأ
ӵù죬ӹҪƳʷƷȻĿǵñһܷâȻǵƷֻΪģǿɲɡ
ѧεͷǾ͹죬ҲһʷƷʲôӵƷ
ӵȷҪúõĿһ

ʥ塣
Ӵĵ绰΢һ⣬ҲãԽǰĴеһƷˡ
ĴôҲҪһǣһʵ
һΣȳ籾Ӿ磬ٳС˵ȵԺӾ粥ʱͬС˵ػǳ˼
Դˣڴ

Щ¶ᣬ飬ý౨ڶҲ΢ϣ˷ǳߵ
дЩ¶һԣ渵ˣٶʷºЩԭʷİģһʻٶʷΪЩ¶Ϊһ¡
᯸дЩ¶һʷ鲻ͬµͬʱص̻ʷдܹõʶЩʷ
дƣʷʡʷ־ǰǲʷʷ鶼Щ¶һ룬Ըʷġ
貨дЩ¶֪ʷɹǶʷȤһΰƷ

⣬кܶңˡЩ¶ܸߵʮ˷ܡ
ϲЩǣԡЩ¶ĸǸе˷ܡ
ȻǸе˷ܵģֻЩйӹƳģʷƷ
ӹ֮ǰѾһϢڡЩ¶֮ڶ죬ʽʼصڶʷС˵Ʒ
ҲǶԡЩ¶ᣬûжźͲһҪԭ
֮ǰҵжϣӹʷƷǡЩ¶ģʵʷƷ
ǶƷӵڴ
һС˵ǣʱҲͬǳ˷ܺڴǻҪ˷һЩ
Ϊӹ˵ˣǿƷ֮󣬻ܹԼƷˡ
ûбһС˵˷ܵˡ
ȻĸʿڹӹҪƳƷҲͬʮֵĹע˶֪ʷС˵ƷˡЩ¶֮⣬ʲôӵģ
ڶýҲʾˣиĹע
ʱƣѾߵص㣬ӡЩ¶ϣŲʷƷϡ
Ȼⲻ˵Щ¶ͻӴҵʧֻΪʱ̫̣ҲòʱŻڡЩ¶ϵߣעصŲƷϡ
ӹƷͷǳڴΪԭ˸ӵڴ
ҹעصȻŲˡ
ʱ䣬Ѿ˵ڶ졣



һǧŰʮ 
ʱ䵽˵ڶ죬ȫܣӹĵڶʷƷҿصɴ
ϴʱɻ10㡣
950֣ȫ½㻪һһڴţ
ϾܹӹƷˣǼڴ˷ܣ΢һš
Ҳǣÿιӹ֮ǰҶĸоָоˬϲĸо
ӹÿһ鶼ʮڴÿһ鷢УĿǹӹ󣡡
ϾҪˣ֪һʲôһεЩ¶ֱȰˣȫ˻ΪȤ
һε¼һβȰˣǶˡȻһεþͻȰˡ
ϽĿԴ


ܶ˶۵ֵʱʱ䵽10
صү
˵ĵһӦ΢΢һϡ
ΪԴȰЧǴҾãǿҪúһ
ȣûʲô⡣
ӹһƷǡЩ¶ֽЩС˵ǶоʷƷȻΪںܶ˵Ԥ֮С
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үִҲǳ⡣
ؼǡص֣Ӧ⣿
ǴҲסصʲô˼ǰѡصַڡǰ棬˲֪ˣ
ص
ʲôصǿʱ۸𣿾֮ǰЩ¶ʱ򣬸оȷǻص
ֻǣٰѺ桰үһƺͲܹˡ
صȥү˵һ˵Ȼү
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ҲǼ˶һϵԭ
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ϴε¼ֻҪǹӹƷ֣⣬ǶٱȰˡ
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ʷС˵ֲС˵ôһƪܵظ
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ȷܵظȻһ˧Сӣ֣һߴšͶߣһҪͶߣһ߹κš
ſС֮󣬲̾˵ʲôھŴˣھŴˣֻˡ
Ǿú˼ȻʷƷΪʲôĳǾú˼ԺĹҲԽԽڴ
нſ֣Ͱ̾ԭ
ԭ֣ʼʱ³³ϵ£ڵǰסһСŮ£ꡣ
أţͷΪҪŸϻȥμӳүŮϲ磬ûеȵ֣ɽͰĻǹˡ
鷳ˣ֣δţͷȴĻ깴˻صʧְ֪ܵ
ΪӱΣţͷͨ˴й٣֣ͻ䣬ʬþ
ȴ˭֪һʱ䣬֣Ѿ˾ŴΡ
ÿһţͷΪ֣ѡ֣ߣ֣ò˶೤ʱˣֻˡ
й١ţͷ桢ſŶͷۣѾ֣˾ŴʱŹȥ˲һꡣ
ôȥ֣٣ǻٰŸʮأ
ң֣ŴΣÿζƶѾǾˣһεĻɾʮˡ
й涨ʮ˾ͿԳɷˡ
Ϊ˲֣ɷ𣬴йپ֣300ǰȥǸʱ򣬷滹ûй涨ʮ˿Գɷ
ô֣һٴΣҲᱻ뵽ʮɷС
֣ԴйٵĽҲʮ⣬˾ŴΣִûȥŴء
֣иǾҪΪһү
үλߣǮֲ࣬£ÿֻСˬ
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Ȼ֣Խֻصʱ򣬷һ⣬Ȼ˹ŴȴǸ߹үһͽıڵš
ŵֽ衣
Ӵ֣֮һˡ
ֻǣʵݺݣʵ̫ԶһЩ


һǧŰʮ ԽС˵
صүĿƪ֣һŴΪһš
ȻʱûеĳһǸ֪
ֻǣĸʱڣ˭ʵۣʱö֪
ʱȫ˼Ȼһ˵Ҫһݴʣ
һִ
߻һݴʣԽ
ҲãԽҲգݴƺݣⲢص㡣
صǣС˵趨
һִ˴Խص˹Ŵ
е˵ⶼǼδδŵģԶҲʵ̫һЩ
ȫһĥ趨ʱ򣬹ӹ΢һθˡ
ڸµ΢Уӹһִ˻صŴ趨֮ΪԽС˵д֮ǰ˵ȻûдȻǴԽС˵
󣬹ӹ˵ˣִ˴ԽŴֻǴԽС˵һ趨⻹ԾһŴ˴Խִִ˴Խδȵȡ
ͬ趨Ųͬˬ㡣
ԴˣȫæֱͷԽȷǶġ
֮󣬹ӹԴִ˴ԽعŴ趨Ϊ趨Ŀ㣿
ȫһǸովĥ⣬Զ󿪣ǳ󵨵趨ӦŷǳĿŶԣֻǸոĥһûĥʲô
ǸոսӴ趨˼άڿհ״̬һʱ֮ĥҲʮ
ںˣӹΪǽˡ
Ǿ񣬳ڴ
ӹȻشˣոԼ⡣
ӹ˵һִ˻صŴױȵơ
ȣ֪ʷķչ֪ǰʷˣСҳС˵ȵȣȫ֪
֪Щ˵ƽǳϤ
УϵĻʵۣԻʵҲϤ
֪ЩǾԷ̫ڴĹˡ
ⲿƷΪ֣֮裬ʱΪ䡣
ô֪ʱĻʵۣգĵʮλʵۣ֪λڼ䶼Щʲô£֪ڵĸ۵ȵȡ
һҪ볯ΪٵĻǾܹںܶؼʱ࣬Ϊ֪ᷢʲôǰó׼
һ룬ҲôֱԤ֪δ;ˬ
ӹĽԶԶûнӹ˵ˣΪղŵļΪ
Ҫǣ軹֪ڼݱʱʮһꡣ
ô֮ǰͽʶڣǲܹԼ֪δȻ΢ıһʷĹ켣ڲôʱͼݱ
ϾʷѧָΪƽ׽ˣĵһλʵѧĻʵۡ
ǲıʷĹ켣ǰ֪֮ĻʵۣУҲǼξۡ
ξvz֮ӣôڳΪٵĻȫǰվλãǰࡣ
һ룬ֱˬᣡôֱǴԽʿĳ
⣬˻ʵ֮⣬¡ξ仹вٵͳߣ˵һһʷˣһһʷˣָоˬˬ
һ룬ˬָоôˬЩʷ˻ĳǰֱһĪϲ
иҪģһλʷλʷڻֻһ֮ˣȴ֪ڽһᷢʷ
ôȫͿǰύһԵܹصġָ㡱ԷһպԷˣΪǡָ㡱зм
ָоˬˬ
Уһλʷλʱ򣬵ȴ֪֮ҪùˣĽֲá
ôǲǿ취ıһλˣ޶ա
ָоˬˬ
ֵĿ裬һ룬ȫоǳˬ
ԭĴԽ趨֮Ŀ㣬ˬĿ㣬˶˷ܡ
ӹĽûн
ϵ֣ǴԽʿڶรеһֶѡ
ⶼЩʲô
ܵļӹ
ӹ˵ΪһִˣôҲһЩִĸ߿Ƽ֪ʶɣ
ôǲǿִĸ߿Ƽ֪ʶڹŴʲô죿ִֻ֪ʶ߹Ŵȵȡ
Ȼ󣬹Ŵ˶ǷĶ𾪲ѣǰм֣׷׳ΪţҲ£ʷ
ȫһҲ
ĸҲ̫ˬ˰ɣֱ֮ǰĸҪˬ
ʱ򣬴Ҳŷ֣ڶִ˴ԽŴĴԽС˵һЩʶ
ʶܽΪһ֣Ǿǣˬ
ʵ̫ˬˣֱǸˬͻȻ֮С˵޾ڴ
󣬹ӹʾո˵ЩԽʿĸשѡ
ΪһԽʿ⻹иָģĸ
ĸֳģǸöģָˬ㡣
ˬ㣬Ժ󶼿ڡصүⲿƷп
С˵ңҲԸոյשԼȥоھĸˬ㡣


һǧŰʮ ҵд
ӹ΢שĽһЩԽС˵ӵеĸԼС˵Ĳֿڡ
ӹΪʲôҪһ΢
˶ףҪΪһС˵ǣܹС˵һЩ趨ͼɡ
ȻҲΪǣܹ˽С˵һЩˬڣڴֵ
ҲΪ磬С˵һ˽⡣
˽Щ֮󣬶Թӹ֮һθпǧ
ӹԶʵ̫ˣֱ볣֮룡
ʣԽС˵ֽǹӹһΰ󴴾١
ңС˵ǳܻӭ
Ϊʲô
ȣΪһˬ֣
ҿС˵оǳˬ
ƽʱѧϰѹСϾ֮࿴С˵ΪȤҲΪ˷ɷ顣
ôһܹ˿úˬС˵Ȼһǳѡ
ΣС˵ܹһַǳǿڴУ
磬ǻǳڴǻڹŴЩʲôЩֻĺ䶯ǻЩʷˣֻ֮ʷ֮ʲôĽ͹£
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зǳĵطǳڴ
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ٽ𡶻صүⲿƷڴо͸ˡ
֣ԽΪ裬һͽıڵţһˣ»Ӻ
ôҪģüҾúһЩٲΪԴҲ»Ϊƶձ
ҪܹüҾúȻʲôִ֪ʶ
˷ǳڴˣ
ȻڵҲ̫⣬ݣǸʱ򣬼ֻţҲǹѾΪˣܹвٵȨ
⣬軹أȻֻ࣬Ҫڿң⣬ûġ
ΪԽʿ׷ȻֹڴˣȻִ֪ʶһһı״
Ǿ֮ǰ˵׻
൱ڴ
ʮ˷ܣ۷׷ס
û뵽ӹƳĵڶʷƷȻֿһС˵ͣԽһִ˴ԽŴȻִ֪ʶڹŴ÷ˮ˾˷ܣӹһλΰңڴĲŻǲ֮¡
ȷ۴ⷽĲŻӹӦõȷ֮¡
ԽС˵˵ڴķǳǿһ뵽ŴЩˣЩˣΪǵĳַ𾪣Ҿ;÷ǳˬǳڴ
ڴǣλĵһͰͨʲôִ֪ʶõģķǳڴ
ȷǳڴӹĸ°ɣ֪ĸ£᲻ջһͰ𣿡
֪쿴˾֪ˡ˵ǣһδԽعŴĻᣬһҪδڡʱ䣬취Ԫ˧ݺ
ǣԪ˧ܹôţ


ʮ˷ܣһС˵ǣЩдС˵ǣ˷ܡ
صүĿƪԼӹ΢ΪǴһƬʮֹ磬ֻԼǰȻǶС˵һȫµʶ
ԭС˵ֻУ翵磬ִ˴ԽعŴʷ硣
ִԽʷС˵ȻС˵ȫһȻʮɣпա
дС˵ִԽʷС˵ƺдó
ʮ˷ܣԾԾԣּôҲβס
̫ˣӹ˵ƳĵڶʷС˵ܻҵдķڹȻˣѾҵдķ򡣸лӹ󣡹ӹԶĵʦ
ҲҵдķഩԽʷƷӦܹдóֲùӹҪоʷأС˵ȻʷС˵ҪдãҲͬҪǳϤʷȻдֻ»ǳʹ࣬Ҳ̶á
ȷϸһ£С˵ȷҪӦʷǳϤдŻӦ֡Ȼʹ㡣
ϧֻʷϤǵֻܴԽԽƷˣǻӾƣ͡ʱ˭ʷϤǼֱһεĻᣬдһԽ飬϶ǳӱ
ô֮ǰôͶʷȤأֵĻᣬҪˡ
һλȻʮźͷ۵ġͷ۵ǣҪȥ˽ʷֻȥЩͷ۵ʷף治֪ܲܿȥʷףҲСЩ¶Ʒͺˡ
ȷĻҲʮɵģϤЩʷˡʱ㴩ԽҴԽγԽƳãֱǰٻţҲٳӾƣˡ
ϧӹƺ׼ƳЩƷˡǻǿƵȥЩʷװɣͿ˭ˡ
ֻˡʵǿȥЩʷ飬ǾʵʵĴԽɡ




һǧŰʮ Īκ
ĻʷĻоֲ
šصүʽʼأӹڶʷƷɴҿȻ롶Щ¶ȫһ
ⲿµƷһȫµƷɣһԶ󿪣ǳ˵Ʒɡ
ӡ᯸ѧҲʮָпǣҲִԽʷС˵ʮֵ˼Ͼ֮ȫԿһ
ЩС˵ǣЩʷ飬ҲܹЩ¶һӡ᯸ѧҲˡ
ѧιһЦ˵ʵٺòû뵽ӹ¿ִԽʷС˵Ч
ҲЦ⵹ȷЩϡЩС˵ߵȻ٣Щͨߵ㲻ʲôˡԸЩͨǣҲȻ˽Щʷ
ѧε򲿳ģһ˽⡣֮ǰԭǾͲ˵ˣ˵ڣӹ¿ԽʷС˵ͨ˵ϤǴԽǸʷпϱȲϤҪǿ֮󣬴ԽС˵֣ͨǶȻҲϣȥ˽⣬ЩʷһЩͨǾȻˡңûԭЩǣҲȻȥ˽ЩʷΪ˽ʷѾǳϤʷͷֺôȷǳ࣬ǲ׷ûй¶ƷҲͰˡһ֣һǻǳȤġ
˵ͷ˵˵òǻԭƻʽ繫ǽЩ¶ƳЩ¶Ʒ
ѧεͷã¾Ҫ򲿳ˡ

ʱѧί칫ҡ
貨ͬпѣԹӹС˵֮ѾƳƷ
ƷÿһƳ֮ʱĿƳ֮˸п
ƷȻС˵ԱȴȻͬ
ɡ˺翵磬öĪԣ
Щ¶ʷ鼮ٿ﷦ζǱȤʤʷȤ֮ˣӴ֮ʷȤӰ켫ڶҶ˼ߵ֮ΪһΰƷ
صүȻͬΪʷƷ롶Щ¶ȻͬǿһµС˵ɡ
ȥԤǣӹڽƳÿһС˵ƷǳĲ򵥣һµĳ
貨֮ǰһΪӹС˵һǳź飬ڣǾƺûôźˡ
ΪӹС˵С˵ʱĻǾûлῴɡЩ¶صүƷ
ûЩƷѧͻʧȥЩѤʵɫⷴ˾źˡ
ңӹ֮ǰ˵С˵һЩԪصĻͿӦʱķչݱΪԱ֮ΪС˵ģԪС˵
ĳϽС˵
ңӹȻƳһƷΪЩС˵ߣָԪС˵ķ
һĳ˵ӹС˵ģҲǵõ졣
ӹС˵͸˾ôźˡ
貨˺ܸпҲϲ

־硣
һ̾ԽԭС˵趨ӹ룬ܼ
ò˵趨ķǳˡңһС˵߶дֻĺûˡ߻д߰ԤǣС˵ܿͻһɴԽ
һС˵ϲдƺҲͦ˼ģҲǳԸȥд磬ʷϵĳʱڸеźǾͰһǴԽǸʱȥдǶʱڵźҶдһˣԽγʱڣֹ֮ܵķдضҲǳϲ
Բ˵ӹοĴԽС˵һµĳСƣ뷨ͦؼ㲻дɣ
һЦЦ˵ģҵȷ뷨Ҳֻ뷨ѡڻǻȫľС˵ϡңҸоС˵֮⣬С˵Ҳдá
ͷ˵ӹһοµС˵ɣǲ򵥡֮ǰǻ˵ѡС˵һǵľڿƺһǵľ۷ʱˣȻ󲻶ϿµС˵ɣǲ
һһ̾˵ǰĽּʣ治һ˵츳Ϊʲô֮ߣ
ܻЩ˲׵飬ĪκΡ
һ̾ȷĪκΣ



һǧŰʮ ջĵһͰ
һڸпС˵ǣʱҲͬڸп
Խһִ˴ԽصŴòϣС˵ķǳǰдǰҸоС˵ԽԽǿˣЩͳС˵˵治һõ飡
ȷһ£ȥС˵չٶȣ֮ǰΪĻҪö࣬˸еЩ
ҹƾĻں棬ӹڲƳƷѡңСЩ¶㣬ϸ˵ֻƷʹˣС˵֮ǿôԺӹƳС˵ٿС˵ɣС˵ķչٶȣҪϻˣǸʱ򣬲˾
Ŀǰӹпܻ᲻ϵĿС˵ɣ֮ǰ˵С˵кܶͣڿһֻ»ôֻһС˵ɡĻǵȷ൱Ŀֲ
治׹ӹڴ츳Ϊʲô֮ߣǿ£һˣ̶̵ʱ䣬͸С˵֮ǿ
ԤǣԺС˵߻ԽԽ࣬С˵ҲԽԽ࣬ЩͳС˵гС
ڿ޷ˡңٶȻеĻҪ졣ԣС˵֮⣬ȫҪΪԺĺȥδˡ
ĽС˵ǣйӹһ·ݻԺֻҪһЩԪأΪԪС˵Ϳˡǣûôˡ
ĽûõģԺúȥδӰɣҹֻתսС˵һ·ˣԸҲᱻг̭ɡ
תսС˵Ψһİ취ˡӦС˵г̭ôֻҪôʣҪôԭģӦûǻһгġ
֮ǰ׼ɡ


صүһȫµĴԽС˵ɣȫԴ۷׷ס
ҶܹܵһڴԽС˵ȳ㻪ӿֳĴԽʷС˵
С˵ڱԽԽǿ
ڴͳС˵˵һõϢ˵һʮ˷ܵϢˡ
Ѿ׵ϲС˵֮ǰ࣬ڵʷ࣬Ƕǳϲ
ڣڴšصүĸ£֪ģջԼԽ֮ĵһͰģ
ʱ䵽˵ڶ10ʱصү׼ʱ¡
ڴ⣬˴𰸡
ͺ󣬽ıˣӣȻź߳ɽ꣬һС׼Сҵ׬Ǯİ취
ڳһ䷿ӣȥ߻ǮȥڳϹתƣһתһѰ׬Ǯ·
һ֤һ粨
ŮҪһ٣ϰ̸˼۸񣬸ϰһ顣
ϰˣ̰Ҫ顣
ĸҲֳϰԼõ飬Ƣ𱩵ϰ˳ͻ˫ִһ֮ϰ嵹أȻˡ
ϰӳ֣Ϊ״ϰ壬١
Ĵ󰸣ٸҵһ˵ȫãʰ
Ϊ֤ߣҲһá
佫ΪֱΪʰϰͷۡ
ںæ취ϰʱ˵һ仰νǳľ䣬ԶԶԣǶ۶࣬ʲôð취ֻܽͷʰ±ҪӱҴһӱˣձڹ˵˵ȥֻүûʵ޷Ūһʹġ
ةŮϰִĹУȷʵϰ壬ϰҪԭȻΪĳּϵ
Ϊѣȴж֮ӣϰĶһҧִˣҲ޷Ϊѡ
˱ͲƶϰְӸ޲ߡ
֮ƺа취æ˺ةҲ
գִ˵֪ʶͷԣɹ飬ϰӲˣҲȥ
ةȻǸм֣ҲĲܣƸ赽õʦү
Ϊ˼õϯʦү
⣬贩Խ֮ԵĵһͰˡ
𰸽еڻȻͬʱָеʮ֮ˬ
ִֻ˵֪ʶͷԡʩСơͳɹ⣬õ˵˵ĸмõ˵ʶջ˴Խ֮ĵһͰ
һִ˴ԽŴȻǿ˹һҪķˮ𣬲ʲô¡
Ǻ˷ܣԺĹ¸ڴ



һǧŰٰʮ һϢ
ʮ˷ܣԺĹ¸ڴصүϵء
ɹջһͰ𣬳Ϊõϯʦү֮һһԼĻԻ֮·
ƷĲأҶഩԽʷС˵ʶҲԽԽȫ̡
Ǻ˷ܣǶƷԽԽϲ
еС˵ǣҲͬ˷ܣ֣ƺѾԿʼ˼ԼƷˡ
ǣٵС˵ǣһ׷ÿµġصүһ߹˼ԼƷ
ֻǣٵﶼһźǾֻϤʷҶֻǧƪһɵĴԽ봩ԽĳиõĻܹӱ
ЩʷǶϤҪȥصʷ鼮ʵǿȥ
ʵͷۺź
ȻһǾϲϢˡ
ҽĻͬʱ繫棺ʷѧרңӡ᯸ΪλʷѧңЩ¶дʽʽƳʷ鼮
ܡءϱơΡԪҪУÿһλʷѧҸһ
УӸƳ᯸γ
Ƴʽ롶Щ¶ͬ㻪أÿ춼¡
ȻµܲȶҲ޷ӹ͸
Ϣһȸе˷ܵһС˵ǣ˵νһõϢ
һǾͿϤЩʷˡ
ȻǵĵһƷܵȲЩʷѧǵĸ£ûйϵǵڶƷͿѡЩˡ
һƷǴȫѡҲ
ΪǵĵһƷڵһԽʷƷվ޵ģҶԽҲӾƣ͡
ȵǿܻӾƣ͵ʱѾѡԽȥˡ
ֱ
һС˵Ǻ˷ܣʷѧһεľ˵νһʱꡣ
󣬶ͨ˵Ҳͬе˷ܡ
Ȼڹӹ¿ĴԽʷС˵ɣǿ÷ǳԣǿ˽೯ʷͻ
ԽʷС˵ҪЩʷѧƳƷҲҪ
߽ϣŸӵ
Դӳ֪ʷͷ֮Ǿͷǳѿ˽ʷֿûŴԽʷС˵ĳֶʧƺӿˡ
ΪдԽƷǸʷϤĻȻиǿĴС
Ȼдĳʷˣȴ֪ʷˣֶûӦøеˬ;ϲģȴΪʶλʷ˶ûзӦ
øܵˬûиܵп˶ЦǾЩݵˡ
ԣϤʷãиõĴУܹķˡ
Ȼ֮Ըе˷ܣԭǴҪģҪΪұʮֿ˽೯ʷԼԵøĻ̡
ûơЩ¶ƷҲͰˣһг֣ǾԲ
һصƷµڴ
С˵ߺǵ˷֮⣬Ҳ׷׹עһϢ
Ϣôһ㶣׷׸пЩ¶ӰҲ̫ˡ
ҽĻƳӡ᯸ʷѧԽ˲òпӰ֮
ڸп֮󣬴־¶Ҳϡ
֮ǰһֱдţ˵ǹҽѾע⵽ˡЩ¶ⲿƷҪӹдַ±׫ѧҵ׶εʷ̲ġ
⣬ӡ᯸ʷѧң֮ǰȫˡЩ¶ǳߵۡ
ڣҪЩ¶дַƳЩʷ飬ƺҲһ顣
ǹҽǹĻӦö뷨
˸пڸп֮󣬴ͻȻ뵽һ⣬ЩʷƳƷҲͰˣǾȻҪѡ㻪Ͻء
ĳ̶ֳ˵ЩʷҪʹΪС˵ˡ
ôҲ㻪µС˵ˡ
һҵıƸҲ̫˰ɡ
㻪Ҳ̫ţˣ˰զࡣ
㻪С˵ǣԵ÷ǳ˷뼤ΪǽЩʷǣͬһվϸԼƷ
ǰ˭ܹ
Уʷѡ㻪ԼƷ֮Уƺ㻪ıƸ̧øһ㣬ҲͬǸе˷ܡ

Ļ
칫ӡ᯸ѧ֮⣬кüλʮңʮˡ
ǶȫʷѧרңҲһϵƷıдߡ
ȫëԼҪһƷǿһǳҪҲǳ顣



һǧŰٰʮһ ʷѧҪ
λʷѧרëԼҪһƷǿһǳҪҲǳ顣
оʷѧĹ֮⣬һͬԸǾø˰ʷϲʷʷȤԸҪȥѧϰ˽ʷ
ֻǣǵԸʼնԸ˶ʷȤ֪ԭȴʼûʲôõĽ취
ֱЩ¶ĳ֣ҽĻҪЩ¶дַƳЩƷ
ǲſϣ֪һֱڿѰҵĻˡ
ԣǷ׷ëԼҪһƷ
ȻëԼʷѧҲֻǣӡ᯸ˣλëԼʷѧѡġ
˵ٮٮߣЩԺ
ȻԺȴһ㵣ǣǵԼˮƽУǵǽҪƳƷ᲻ỹЩ¶һܻӭ
ǲ֪һʷȳûйȥЩƺȻ鼮
ѾͿǶٶ˾úźǴҲм顣
ԣڽĻϹϢ֮Ǿһֱ΢ЩģϹ۲ķӦ
ڣĸַӦ֮ĵһˡ
΢΢Цޡôڲ˰ɣ
ʷѧңУһνʱڣԹһЦ˵ˣ׵ĲˡɶƷ̫ˡ
޵ʷѧȴ˵֮ǰĵûˣµĵģǽӹдַףҪ⣬Ͳô׵ˡд飬һ˵壬Ķ档룬ǴƷ᲻᲻硶Щ¶ܻӭĻǻЩǸеʧ
˵ȷڣǽƷڸоϵȷܺ͡Щ¶ȫһΪⲢûʲô⣬ܵķΧеԵģ˵ǵƷһҪ͡Щ¶һģһĸоǲŻܡ˵ƷŸԲͬĸоʵáһڿͬƷʱͻЩͬĸоȻͬһָоá
޵ʷѧһ룬ƺôһ¶һЦ˵˵Ĳ˼ǲˡ
ЦȻˣʽϴԼƷˡһΣǺúõȥһҵĸо
᯸˵ʵ˵ڻһЩԾԾԵĸоǵƷϴ֮󣬶ǶΪͶƼƱǵøӹкҪǵƼƱܹرˡǲһȣ˭ƼƱƱࣿ
Ŷڵʷѧǣȫ᯸᯸飬ƺȷе˼
ȻͶСˣҲǿʤˣһȴõƼƱƺһΪȤ顣
ӹЦȻ£Ե㣬ҸоҵĵƱġ
΢΢ЦɱҸо̫ˣ˭ƼƱ࣬Ҫȹ֪֮
༸λʷѧҲ׷׸ͣͬе˵
᯸˵˵ҶͬˣãããһŸ˼ƼƱȻʾܵƱÿÿܵĵƱҲֱͳơôõƼƱÿ졢ÿܡܵƱԱȽϣܹӾˡ
ӡеʷѧͬʱ˵ãô죬һоʹ쿪ʼ
֮λʷѧǣȫЩĦȭƵ˼Īĳһ̵ζ
ȻҶǿʤˣҲԼƼƱȱ˵͡
һУ11׼ʱʼǴԼõ״ϴʱ䡣
ȻҪˣ״ϴʱȻҪһ֮Ǿ͸԰ˡ
ҪõƼƱǺúооÿʲôʱ£׵õƼƱ
нģλʷѧȫ֪
ԣǶȥ֮úõоһ

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ֹͣˣԡصүۣ½㻪ȴλʷѧʽϴԼƷ
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ʺŴҶѾעˣʹõԼΪ
½̨ƷддƷ飬ϴһġ
һλʷѧȫú



һǧŰٰʮ ԽС˵ȳ
ԼƷϴ֮󣬼λʷѧȫڵһʱ䣬վҳҵԼƷȻ㿪
ǵƷҪˣϴֱ֮Ӿվҳʾ˳
λʷѧҿԼƷǶǴм֪ΪΣЩܲƽһţһС˵ңոϴԼƷһ
ǲ֪ǻǵƷ֪ԼƷǻ᲻ϲҲ֪жٶΪͶƼƱ
ԣǵ鲻ƽеţûãȥˢһҳ棬ԼƷûʲô仯
ʱȫᵽС˵ǣϴԼƷ֮ĸ顣
ܵ˵ָоܺãܹ˼顣
ϴƷһ֮ҲһֱڽѧϵĽҲʱԵá
ʮϲ˵˵λλǵƼƱжˣⶼѾͻ5ˡ
Щ⣬ոտһƷƼƱݣߵģ᯸Ҳӽ5Ʊˡ
3Ʊ4Ʊҡ
Ȼףⲻ᯸λʷѧдøãдĳռһơ
Ƴγ
Ҫһˣϲʷϵĸ
ôƳγشĸʣԣ϶ҪһЩ
ѡʱһ㶼Լϲĳʼ
ԣڿʼ׶ôһƣõƼƱ࣬Ǿʮˡ
ȻΪƣƼƱĸоȴǲġ
ԣЩNɪ
༸λʷѧǣȻôNɪ׷׻Ӧ
ɱ⣬ҵƼƱҲͱǧţʱܹ㷴ˡ
дƳڿʼ׶εȷһЩƣ󾢲㣬Ƿǳ顣
ǣ͵űǷɡ
ǶԼɣǻǿɰҶ̲סҪǽһˡ
ǻ˵ƷĸоǲȴͳֽоҪöˡӹƳôһƽ̨˲ò
ȷǰûܵƳƽ̨ôܵˣŸоһΰĴ٣ò˵С˵ʱơӹ治һ򵥵
ҶԹӹԽԽˣлĻϣܹ


λʷѧ鼤С˵ߺͨǣǼ
㻪ҳһɫƷƳЩ¶γЩ¶Щ¶ȵȣһۻҵĸо
ڵȵˣڸʷƷ
ԥһӦȿĸ֮Ƿ׷׵㿪ˣԼʼѡĳ
У㿪ƳЩ¶͡γЩ¶ȷҪһЩ
㿪֮󣬹ȻǡЩ¶дȻڸо롶Щ¶ȫһȻʮϲ
ƼƱͶƷҲڱ仯

һʱ䣬ʷѧÿ춼ԼƷµ١
Ǹµ٣Ҳû˳ֹϸ
ӣλʷѧǶѾ֪С˵ڼ䣬ǲҪֶϸ
ȻȫԶϸǶܹ⣬໥֮ÿ춼ڱȽƼƱĶ٣ȻûԸϸ
⣬һԭǣλʷѧԽأԽǸом飬ӵӦ֣ÿ촴㹻ˣȫҪϸ
λʷѧҵƷÿ춼أӹġصүҲͬÿ춼ء
Ѿķˮ𣬾ִƣһһ⣬еȫʮˬʮ˷ܡ
ǶƷϲ
ôˣֻһصүͲ
ǻ뿴ƵƷԶ硶صүҲûйϵֻҪܹȥС
ҪŻָƷȻС˵ǣƳԼƷ
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˵һƷϴ֮󣬾һʰƷ½½ϳ֡
ԽʷС˵ȳʽĻ
˷ܵǣڵȵͬС˵ĳ֣֮࣬صĲβ룬ҲһЩܹȥƷɣ
ʵҲȷˣֵƷУȷвٶܹ˿ȥƷΪ
Ȼ֮صүкܴĲ࣬Ҳ㹻ϲˡ



һǧŰٰʮ ܿʷС˵
ʥ塣
ԽʷС˵֣ȻҲĹע
վϴһЩƷ˵ͷһЩƷǲġ
ң˵һʷƷҪһƷ״δʱߵöˡ
ԭƷȷҪʷƷԴһЩ
߸ȷе˵ҪõƷҪõʷƷѶҪ΢һЩ
ⲢҪԭ
ҪԭǣôʱоС˵ǶС˵ʶҪ֮ǰǸʱöˡ
Ҳ˵ʱС˵ǣƷǸʱӵĵӦ֣Ʒߡ
ôһʷƷȻҪ֮ǰƷˡ
ʱС˵ǣС˵Ĵϣ࣬ʷ̤࣬żˡ
˵С˵г˵һֵص顣

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Ϊ˸п
һȳĳ֣һ⽥Ǿ趨С˵ʱֻܹԽصʵʷ
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ӹ΢ϻش⣬𰸵Ȼǡ
ӹ˵ǴԽصʵʷУֻǴԽʷС˵еһ趨ǻԴԽصʵʷС
ӹǴԽصʵʷС˵֮ΪܿʷС˵
ӹĻشһܿС˵磬Լ顣
С˵Ǻ˷ܣΪܿʷС˵ֶһ֣ɾʹţʷС˵һµ͡
ǽѡͳԣֶһ֣С˵Ҳӵķḻʡ
С˵ӵķḻʣǾпĶߣΪС˵ԡ
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˵һõϢ
ֻǣܿʷС˵ôܿʷģͷǼܿʷС˵ȣЩͬͲͬ㣿ֱֶ֮ʲôƺƣ
Զԣһͻ״һЩֻϲͣ
һϵе⣬С˵ǣܹԼҵһЩ𰸣ܸоǵĴ𰸷ǳģңƺ֪һЩƺûʲôͷ
ڴӹܹһΪǽ
Ȼڹӹ֮ǰҲϵھۺо
ֻǣǹӹԽܾԼĴ𰸲̤ʵ
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ϾǶ˵һȫİĳ
⣬ˬǲҲһЩ
ΪǴԽعŴʷϵĸˣȻ˲ͨһЩ˸е𺳻ǶǳмȵȣǴԽʷС˵Ŀ֮һҲǿˬ֮һ
ǴԽһʵʷĳЩǶûˣ
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ֻǣʲôƣǷһеģֻԼ벻ˡ
ţӹһһĴ𰸡

Ҳͬ顣
ȫһȻӹȻ֣ܰûõʱ䣬һµС˵͡
ȻּܿʷС˵ȫµͣĵȷȷһµͣ˵ǴԽʷС˵һµķ֧͡
ȷһµ͡
ôӹΪʲôҪµͣ
һּ֣֮ܿʷС˵֮ǰķǼܿʷС˵ȣƺᶪٵĿˬ㣬ǵĴҲή͡
ԣ֮ǰʣӹΪʲôҪܿʷС˵
ҷһ֮ΪӹƺûбҪּܿʷС˵зǼܿʷС˵㹻ˡ
Ҳֻǣǲûȥɹӹ
Ϊǲҡ
Цӡ᯸ЩмʹС˵ˣﻹȥɹӹľ
ȻɵҲȫûС
Ҫ֪ЩԹӹˬʼմڣʧûʧҲʧ
ȻǴʱ򶼴ڳ״̬һȽˡ
ÿӹһƲǵľ֮ǻˢһˢڸУûʲôǣҲء
ǲӹ﷭ǣǶĶЩֹ֧ӹˣҲǺõġ
Ҳףʲô壿ǾҪô
ˣô֡



һǧŰٰʮ ƷҶ
һЩɵڣ˵ЩСһ㣬ûȥЩ
ӹΪʲôҪܿʷС˵Ŀܶ˵ȷЩǡ
ǿܿʷС˵ͷǼܿʷС˵ȣƺЩ˫Ŀ֮һҲˬ֮һ
ȻǣҲһΪܿʷС˵϶ҲУǼܿʷС˵ûеƣֻ벻ʲôƣ
֪Լվǹӹ޷ӹ֮롣
ڵŹӹΪǽ֪ӹ϶Ϊǽġ
ʵϵȻҲˣӹˡܿʷС˵Ŀ֮󣬾Ͳܲˣ֪ܿʷС˵ǼܿʷС˵ȣƣƣ
õİ취ȻƳһܿʷС˵翴֮ȻԼȥбȽϡɡܽᣬҪӹϸĸҽ
ԣƳһʷƷһڼܿʷƷⱾļƻС
ܿʷС˵ǼܿʷС˵֮ƺƣûʲôû֣֮ؼǿôȥд
ڶǶԣ˸ϲܿʷС˵Ҳ˸ϲǼܿʷС˵ÿ˵ϲòһ
ԣҪƳһܿС˵ԱĶǣԺʱиѡ
½ӹ΢ٸһϢ10㣬˸¡صү֮⣬ϴһܿʷС˵ӭĶ
Ϣһȫһ㶣ΪӹҪٷ飬Ϊʱ㣬̫ˡ
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ԭΪӹȵصү֮Ƴġ
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С˵Ǻ˷ܣҲڴ

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ҶǳҪ֪ӹ׻ƳһʲôģܿʷС˵
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ҶҶð
ҶһСһʲô飬˶޷Сȴ׵Ľˡ
ôǿҵķǻ˸𾪣õһССҶȻı¡
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ңҶֻһݣҶҲȥ춯صĴ£ҲԻķˮҲء
ңһҶɳЩƺڴ
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Ҫ֪ǹӹƷû˻ѡ



һǧŰٰʮ ɫ
ȫ㿪ˡƷҶĵһ¡
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ѧͷǧСǳĻ¶һĿ顣
ӽǶʱ˸װһֱģĿбӣҡʫԷ

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ԼԽѾһˣǰһУĸ߲ҵ֮һҹ˾۾нʮַġ
ǣһι˾ȥ̩ɽε;Уɽ£Խ磬ǰУһκϹͷ
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һ˳ƯܾЩס
ɫԱ߻վһСˣҲǿεһͿƺ͹ϵ
һ˳ƯҲͰˣߵҲƯǾøˡ
ɫӵȻǶЩɣɫϲˣŮˡ



һǧŰٰʮ ѧܶϲ
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ԽԽǸоɫǸŮӡ
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ҽӿڵȷбҪȻЩ¶ʷȳ¶ƷҲ׷׳¯˱ϾǲῴġҪǶʷȤõİ취ȷǵӾƷˡһܹЩˣʷȤĵӾƷԶԶҪһÿˣʷȤС˵ƷѶȸСӵⲿ塷ŷǳϾĿ飬㹻׼
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ѧνܹ뼸Ȼһѡ
ܵʷЦ֮ǰҵң˵ҪһʷĵӾʱǷǳԥġһʷӾ粻ѽĳĵӾʼǳҵһҪľҪģʱϺⲿʷӾгͻ˵ⲿԴ籾֮;ҪⲿˡΪ֪Ҵᣬһġ
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ӾƵ˾Ƶ֮ǰҵң˵ҪһӾʱҵʱеͷۣʷӾĲġ֮ǰҲĹһЩʷӾ磬ͶʾǲСȴǳ롣һΣҵĳƷʧԣʱͷˡ˵ˣһεľ籾ԴͷͲˣͿʼԴֿʼ׼ڣһж׼׵ˣͶʡ豸ǼԱһʧ
ͷྮˡ
Ӧ˲ŶԣԴ˾籾ôԶĸ˹
ܵʷֵȻûпľ籾ȻǹʷĵӾ磬ôܲ١ȨŷɵȵʱڵҪ϶еġԣѾҺһʵԱ͵ȻԱԾ
ͷʷˣڿʼʱ԰ԱԾ
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УЩԱǾرԾģҲЩԱԼԾġ
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ڹȥʷӾƽΪ0.6һξ㷭һΪ1.2Ҳûʲôá
1.2ʶЩС˵Щ߾˵Ǿǵʡ
໥֮ʶǡ˵˹һεӾ顣
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½ӦòܻУҲǡ
ԬҲҲ֮һһֱעģҵҪЩԱȥԾյֻǶ٣Ը̫1.0ˡ
½1.0Ӧûʲô⣬ô˵Ҳľ籾֮ҲһֱעģҲǳĺ档



һǧŰپʮ ȷһԾȥ
ӵӾƵԾ
ԱԾʮӿʼʷ򵥵ĸܣһԾԱ
ʷ˵ɫǱΪ߾Ա½ǳʺϣҲȥԾ룬ǱˡһԾԱ˶ԾĽɫлͬΪ߾ԱԾ
ͷ˵ԾƺԼģ
ʷͷǵģԼģٻе⡣
΢΢Ц⵹е˼ˣԾЧΣ
ʷãصע
ּ˼䣬λԱ֮ʱ䵽İ˵룬ԱԾʽʼ
һλԾԱһλǣԼģԾĽɫȨ
Ծ֮ǿУҪҵɫ϶ȷǳߵԱ
ԣڵһԾԱֻ˵źˡ
ļУǰġ塷Ӿ磬ƹǿݵİ汾
ԣѡԱʱҲʵǰ汾ԱΪο
ڵһλԱԾ֮󣬵ڶλλλԱ̳
еЩźǣЩԱʵǶУֻǺͽɫƥ̶Ȳ
ھλԾԱ֮ʷ˵һλԱԾˡ
۾һΪڴ
ԾЩţʼԭ֮⣬֮ǰԾһλԱ˵ˣֳԾľԱУһλҲ֪ʲôݣܵʷ磬ƺ
λԱûвµݣԾµˣλӦþ
ȻԾԱˣ˵ⲿǳӡ
ⲿ磬ⲿ罫пܱ֮ǰԤĸӳɹ
ԣԾˣΪ֮ǰõɫˡ
ԾϾһλ߾ԱԾʼʱܿȫ뵽˽ɫУҲͲˡ
۾ԾȻûװڴ
Ծı϶ȷǳټϷװͣ϶ȻߣϡǼ
ϲӽһҪĽɫôҵʵԱˡ
ܵʷоҲܲ˵ԭΪ½ʺϳĽɫڿԾƺʺϡ
ͷ˵оȷǳĻˡ
ʷͷԾԾ
û೤ʱ䣬ԾԾ
ԼķӣԾǷǳģͿ˵İˡ
Ĺ۲ϵı飬֪ռá

Ծ߳ԾʱԼϲ˷ܵ顣
ΪɹͨԾĽɫ
ʱ˿̣ܹԤеⲿƷ֮ǰΪĸӳɹ
ʮԼμһԾ

Ծ
ոԾȥ֮һλԾԱûн
϶ʱ䣬ѧЩ˷ܵ˵ϵܡʷû뵽ôǾͰҪɫԱȷˡӣǵܲ
Цȷܲϣǽܹкˡ
ѧεһģϣⲿܹ㿪ġ

ƺȷڼʱ֮ڣܲ١ŷɡȨҪɫԱȫȷ
УݲܲٵԱΪԱ֡
ŷɵԱΪǡݹԱΪ½
ڣҪĽɫУֻʣɫԱûȷˡ
ӡ塷ⲿƷνҪһɫ
޹жһĿ̻ѵıī˼ġ
ԣɫԱһѡá
⼸ʱ䣬ԾɫԱ٣˵ĸоǲġ
ʷ硢ѧμ˶úˣϣܹҵʵġ
ʷ˵ԱԬܹǵԾĻǳʺɫϧˡ
ȻˣǾˡʷҼǵһλƹǾԱ󣬵ƺͦʺɫġԾ𣿡
ʷûСƹǽѾСʱѾһְ״̬ˡҲʾٳݵӾˡԣӦòǵԾ롣
Ц᲻Ծ룬ǵ֮˵ʷȸһԾȥ
ʷͷ⵹ҲǣȸһԾȥ
ͷ˵ãʷˡ
ʷˣӦģԸܹǵ롣
ЦЦ˵Ըɡ



һǧŰپʮ Űݷ
ƹǾһ߾ԱԵʵԱΪԱͲСˣҲ󣬲ʮꡣ
˵׶Ҳͬڻƽ׶Σȴ֪ΪʲôԭƹǾ𽥵ӰȦûڽһӾ硣
ҲΪԭһ߾ԱΪԱ
ʱƹǾѾӰȦܾڵϣƹǾǰݹһЩӾ硣
۹ƹǾĻ϶Ӧûǳߣ󣬻ǳơ
ͿƹǾԸԸĵӾˣ
ʷƹǾȥһԾ룬ʲôϣΪȦˣ˽һЩƹǾӰȦԭ
ƺΪƹǾҲҲϷ飬Ϸû飬ƹǾΪԼݳĽɫû꣬޷Լ⣬ԸɴͲˡ
ʵʷϣƹǾڲ֮˻ظ
ڻظУƹǾǷǳлΣίıʾԼĵӾˣھ룬ʾǳźͱǸ
ʷ̾һ˵ȻǲӾˡ
ҲһЩΣ
ƹǾܣ֮ǰԬܣűʵĲͬ
ԣԸһŬ
˵ʷƺ;סھǣ֪סַھ𣿡
ʷ֪ӦҲھǡ
ͷŰݷһҲıҲ˵һ
⡭ʷЩ죬ЩףΪʲôִƹǾڻҪŰݷá
ڵݵλŰݷõĻǲЩ̧̫ƹǾˣ
Ȼ˵ˣʷҲᷴԣڲ˵õģʲôʱȥ
ڰɣʱײʱ
ʷһЦ˵ʣ˵ãھȥ

ھĳͨС
ƹǾ̾һѾûϷˣϷѾײˡ
֪ˣƾԼӲݼݳϷҲͬõݺ͹ڽкá
ˣΪĳϷ޷ԼкãûϷ
ңϷûʱĹУҲʮֵʹࡣ
ԣˡ塷롣
ֻǣǳǣ֮ܵʷ磬ȻһŰݷá
ЩжҲΪԼܸеźͱǸ
Ѿ˾ʷٴĻǻٴܡ
ʷ߸ŵˣƹǾԭΪʷ֮ڵģʷ˵֮ƹǾ׵ˡ
Ҳ뵽Ǹ˻Ȼݷˡ
⡭
ƹǾĸеܳʲôݵλȻŰݷһССԱ
Щŵк֡
־ò֪Ӧôźã
ĻپܾǾȻԵ̫ʶ̧ˡ
ֻǣʵǲϷˣӦǺã
ƹǾ˼һЦ˵֮ԲԸϷˣΪѾϷΪѾҲϷˣݳĽɫܹԼ⣬𣿡
ƹǾæصȷ⡭⡭
ڰ֣ʾƹǾ˼˵ʵҪһضϷ飬Щʱס
ŶƹǾ˵˼ǣ
ʷҲЩɻΪʲô˵ҪһϷʧȥˣָ飬Ӧһܲ׵ɣ
ЦЦŵһıļеݸƹǾ˵ǡ塷еξ籾֮ͻȼϷˡ
ƹǾЩɻ󣬡ô𣿡
ɻ˫ֽӹ籾˵õģҿ
ӹ籾֮ƹǾʼ
ʷ翴ƹǾľ籾ӣСĶ˵ǲҲ̫һ㣿
ЦЩƷǳӵ⣬İ취ǳļ򵥡
ʷͷ˵⵹Ҳǣѡξ籾
ݴ͡ճǼơ
ʷ۾һµľ籾Ȼˡ
¾ʷʵ¼ַͨ鹹ģνʮֵľ䣬һ֮󣬾ǡ
µֶĳǻֵۣ쾡¡
ƹǾڿ֮󣬻ܹͨɫȼϷ顣
ֻǣʷȻǲȷܸоҪӦòô򵥡
һֱڹעƹǾϵı仯ҪͨƹǾϵı仯ǰһЩߡ



һǧŰپʮ 벻
ݴǡ塷һ鹹Ĺ£ʷ¼
ҲΪ鹹ŵĳɷ֣ʹһ£ΪһΪĹ£Ϊ
Ҫ˵ǣҪɱȴҲɣһ⣬ʮ֮ڣʮ֧
Ȼǲܰ쵽顣
ȻȴʾֻҪʱ͹ˣһ˾״
ΪѾ׼֮ʱдʱʮ֧
˵գȻ˴֮ǰ׼õĶʮҴ󴬣ԼܲٶɵԸڲܲϡ衱ʮ֧
֮ڡ족ʮ֧褼˼Ⱦ壬ֻÿȻ̾Ի㣬᲻Ҳ
ǣ
һŨԶѷˮã
ɻսշɡ
ݴĹȻ鹹ģʵʷϣȴп¼ԭ͡
ֻ˹Ȩ
ңȨҲǿΪջ
ʷϼأ֮սʱȨܲٴսܲȴʼռز
ȨŴ󴬣ڽܲپˮկǰ쿴
ܲټȨˣҵż
뷢ȨĴϣʹôһбˣнóٻ
Ȩˣתͷôһ߳Ĺ
ʹôһ棬Ҳ˲ܾ
ʹáƽнֱѸˡ
ȨҲ˰ȵĻȥˡ
¼ʷмصģҲʷһ˵˵ǵʱܲٲδżϼӽ䱸󲻵
һ˵ĿԸ󣬻顣
޹ڴ塷ʱƻľӹ֮󣬱Ϊġݴ£㡣
ճǼơҲͬһ鹹Ĺ¡
˵գսҪؽͤʧأκ˾ܲ15ڵǷӵ
ʱûд󽫣ֻһĹ٣ǧӣҲһȥˣֻʣ2500ʿڳ
˾ܲǰϢʧɫǳ¥󣬶˵κʱöмơ
ֻ󿪳ţ멣ڽҡȣСͯЯһţڳϵ¥ǰƾ٣
˾ܲĴٳʱ˾ܲŴ󿪣Сͯڳǽеĵ١⣬20ģڵͷɨˡ
˾ܲĵһðգڳŴ󿪣
ǣȥ
ݹ£ϸã˾ܲɲʾȥкְܶ취ԳƳǣⲢӰ조ճǼơĹ³Ϊ䡣
Ҳͬ塷ڶĹһ㡣
µľǶĳš侲ǻۣУõ쾡µ֡
ţ¾ܹƹǾȼϷ顣
Щʱ򣬿Ƹӵ飬ǳ򵥡
Ȼֻǿǳ򵥡ϸһ룬ͻᷢͲ򵥡
ΪݴճǼơĹ£һܹĳġ
ʷһֱڹ۲ƹǾϵɫƹǾϵɫʼɻ벻⣬þϲ˷ܣֱԽԽ
ʷһͻѵľˣ
Ǵˣû뵽Ȼļ򵥣
ԣ򵥡ܿ죬ʷһͻȻ뵽Ͽǳ򵥣ƹǾξ籾ѡ
ǣҪдΣƹǾȼϷľ籾ȴԲ򵥡
Ƽ򵥵飬ֻһܹ
ô黹ܼ
𰸵ȻǷ񶨵ġ
ʷипǧ
ƹǾξ籾꣬˫ֶѾ΢΢ĲΪ
˺һ֮ƹǾͻȻһЦЩĶ˵лл㣡лл㣡
ƹǾû˵ĻѾǳʡ
΢΢һЦһжһ

Աȷ˼ʱ䣬нɫԱȷ
ԱԾʱսԱǵķװͶ˳
˵ʱе׼Ѿɣʱʽˡ
ڹȥʱٶȺҪһʷģֽ塷ĵӾϢѾ˾֪ʿԼڶý壬һֱ顣
һԵϢ˵Ϣûһ粻𺳵ġ
һε𺳣Щͬ
䲻֮ͬһ⣬һӺ¾磬Ȼǹʷġ
Ҫ֪ʷӾгǷǳԵģ˶ϲʷ硣
˵һѡʷ磬˶еЩ⡣



ڶǧ װ
ӺһʷӾ磬缸е˶еЩ⡣
ڴ˵ֻǸеѡ
֮룬ʷ磬һͬСɣ϶֮ǰЩʷܹᲢ۵ġ
ܶԭʷȤʷˣҲ㿴һġ塷ˡ
٣ͷǰ漸ǻῴ
ΪͻȻʷȤˣΪһƷ
ӰƳƷǸȤͣҲͬȥġ
ȻʵǲȤĻҲһֱ׷ſ꣬࿴ǰ漸͹ˡ
ѡһֱ׷ȥֻ˵ǶⲿǳȤΪƷ
⣬ҲһСˣֻ˼ΪһѡʷƷһΪǵľ
ʷ磬Ҳʷ磬ϲˣΪƷһֱ׷ȥ
Ҳǿǰ漸϶Ͳټ׷ˡ
һǰ漸ʿܻϵĸߣǵ˼֮󣬱ʶʽµƽһߡ
ôǰ漸ĸʣʵûʲôãҲǰƽһѡ
Ļǻ粻Ҫǰļء
Ϊǰ漸ʺܸߣ֮ȴͻȻʽµǾܹǳֱ۵ķӦһ⡣
ǾǴĹڣǳȥǵĲӾ磬˼֮󣬾ûٿˡ
һ˵ǣⲿûгɹĿǰ漸סڡ
ôɾһʧܵƷˡ
һؼľǣⲿ塷ܹܲͨǰ漸ɹ¹ڣ
Ҫ¶٣ֻҪܳɹһĹڣǾһǳɹƷˡ
ġ塷ܹ
ЩֻǾԲģʷôϹڣվֻʷ硣
ܱΪЩʮܻӭľ֡
ԣһЩ˴ʱ飬Ƿǳúڴģڴ﷭ʱ̣ƺҪˡ
һο⣬ʮֵĲף
ٲ˻һ֯Ĺ֮ǰһ
ΪʲôΪˡĹΪķ˿֯¥ԡ
ĹķĹ˼ǳԡ
֯߶ԣһ֯ûʲôãĹ֣ܹĶϰ¥ĳԱҲǷǳõġ
ԣǶַǳ⣬ǰʲôҪõ̫ˡ
һЩʼմڣʧҲԶʧӹЩʵڷۣԶʧһ
ûа취飬Ҳ顣
һ˵Խķ˿϶Խ࣬ӦģĺڷҲͬԽࡣ
ĹĳԱһο⣬˷ܶڴ
ҲϷһЩֻۣϧǵѾ޷γɣһӰ졣
ƾڵݵλӰǾǱQٻ飬ҲܶһӰˡ
ȴȻִ˲ˣĪκΡ

ϣʷ粻ȤˣʱӺƷ塷
ĸ֮ܳ⣬źòͬεƷˣȴһʷĵӾ磬ʵЩۡ
ӹڡɡ֮ҪƳĵڶС˵ǡʷ֮ǵЩơ
ϧˣòεƷˣȴһʷӾ磬ʵˡ
˭˵أ⿴ǲأţҪǶƷһġ
ţҲῴ϶꣬ϣܹ࿴ɡ
塷⼸ԾԱҲ֪᲻һߡ߾Ա룿
ӦаɣС㡯͡ءʷӾʵԣҲ൱ɣ
ɲһһߡ߾Ա˵󡣱ϾʷӾ̫ˡǰ죬߾Ա½Ԭ磬Լ˵ˡ塷¶ӦģǿɲӺС
б˵֮ܣܴԭǡ塷ֻȥԾֱǳĳɫ𣿡
ˣҲܹ֤ͬ㡯͡ƣһߡ߾Ա˵󰡡ĻֻԾǿ϶ҲȿֺȥġȻ˵ĽֻʷӾ硣гõĵӾֱ̫࣬ˡ
⵹Ҳǣž鹫ԱɣӦѾȷò˰ɡ
ţſɡ



ڶǧһ ֲ˹
塷Ӿ翪ʽھĳҾƵС
ܵʷ磬ƹǾԾ֡ǡ½ȵ
ûгֳĿʽȻǲμӵġ
͵һĴԭֳеͷͻͲֻ׼һˣûʲô¶ˣ಻ã
μӿʽʷǳź
ҲԤ֮У֪μӿʽ
ֳýټ֮࣬೤ǹ֮塣
⻹ǾҪý壬һ˧ѡ֮ģɸѡýԻᳬһǧҡ
ȻʷӾгʮֵԣ塷Ӿ翪ӰȴǷǳ֮
Ҫԭ
һԴľ籾
µƷһǾԾ䣬һεƷ塷ȴ΢һ⣬Ǿ籾С˵սгǳԵʷӾ硣
ôⲿӾ绹ܹΪԾ
Ŀ㣬û֮һ
⣬Ѿ棬֮塷Ӿ翪ʱͬʱƳ塷С˵
塷Ӿ᲻Ϊ䣿ڻ˵
˶ţ塷С˵ԻΪԵľ䣬֮ǰġμǡˮ䰴һ
ھͿ塷Ӿ磬ܲܳ׸ıʷӾԵгˣ
ⲿӾģңֻ㣬ķǹҽԼĻʷĻоֲ
ôһԵźţⲿ˼
棿Ҷ֪ġ
ϵԭ򣬸ýβ
ڿʽϣý綼ǳעһ⣬˴𰸣ǾǾĽɫЩԱݣ
ýǸеЩ˼ǣһǵľȻƹǾ
ƹǾеýǶǳϤһ߾ԱûĹһӾ磬Ա
ȶԿν൱֮ˡ
ƹǾ겻ĵӾԭ򣬲ʲôܣýǶ֪ƽʱƹǾ΢еעͨѶ֪
ڣƹǾȴϯˡ塷Ŀʽھ鵣ηǳҪһǡ
ԭƺֻһǾƹǾͨ塷ľ籾һϷ飬ֳ˻
һţ
üʱ䶼ϷƹǾһضϷ飬塷ʲô
ڽܳһʱ֮ڣǶᱻ粻ֱۣ塷Ӿʽ𰸽
ýʮ˷ܣȻ塷гԵʷӾ磬ȴǷǳĶࡣ
ý˵塷յʻǶ٣ǲ⣬Ҫֻţš
塷յ̫ߡֻ̫͡йоأ˵š
ʲôʣǶܹݾһš
̫ߣȻǳţ棬ֱܹ
̫ͣҲ޷ȣʷӾԵг
йоأȻţ棬վ
ȵȡȵȵıдš
ԣֳýʮ˷ܣǲǲ˴ƴûͣЪ˲òɣþˣ᲻۾

ʽڽУصݣֳټý̱
ټýͬʱν൱׳ۡ
˶ڹעڵȴýı
һгʷӾ磬ȴ˶˹עȷʵһЩֵ
йص飬֣е˵֡
ԣûȥΪֵпֻ˽һЩڿʽϵݡ
ĹĳԱԼȦԱǶˡ
У˵Щ⡣
Ƕ߾Ա½Ԭ硣
Ƕ֮ǰͱʾһֱע塷飬Ҳȷʵġ
ڣ塷ĿʽֳȻжټҵý壬ͻȻЩˡ
Ҳû뵽ⲿƷӰô
վǵ͹Ӱ
Ӱ֮һƷʮֲҵھеԱ˵ֵǶֻή
ңȻӰ֮ˣյٲҲжɣ
½桢ԬˣһζԼ֮ǰĹģ1.21.5֮ʣ˶ҡ
ǾãӦҪ1.5ˡ
ǷſȲ̸ǿʽֳýﵽټ֮һ㣬ҲѾ˺ˡ
Ϊеݣֳټýͬʱֵԡˢˢˢ
ô绹ûʽģֻһʽ͡ˢˢˢˣ˲ڣ
ǿƹǾ֮
ƹǾѾǣǣۿžŶǵķȥˡ
ôǱ塷ϷûģƹǾûݣֻһʽͺпǻص߾ˣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ӰѾֲ˹



ڶǧ £ֻǳ
ԬͻȻ֮ˣ塷֮ǰԾ룬Ծɫ
ʱûоܾͨԾĸӦǲСģԼݼġ
ңҲһʺϳŻԾͨԾĸȻ͡
ͨԾǵĲӦƹǾʲô£
ڵǣյʲ̫룬Ҳνˡ
ԬԽԽǺڣû뵽Ӱ֮һгǳԵʷ磬ȴȳ

ԬΨһ̾Ϣ֮ǰЩֻͻȻ֮䵭ֻ࣬ڣﻹж˼ȥֻ
ԬԽԽڣ½ҲͬԽԽڡ
ֻ½ںڵͬʱЩʡ
֮ǰԾǳɫܾˡڳһǵģͬΪ߾ԱԾ
ԾҪȥԾһǵġ
Ծ½ܾ룬رֹϵ
ڡ塷Ŀʽƽƽûж˹ע
ô½ܹЦԾ˵۹⣬һгԵĵӾ磬Ͱ͵ȥԾ۹ͼ׼ܾ˾Ծ롣
ƫƫڡ塷ĿʽӰԾֵǡ
ôͷˣ۹½棬۹⼫׼Ծ
ͬΪ߾ԱΪʲôԾ۹׼
½ﲻʡ
ʣûʲôãֻĽʺ޵ģԾǡ
ÿһ֣ͺһ֡
Ծ۹׼ޡ塷飬ΪʲôֱĽɫֻȥԾ
ֱĽɫ˵ʹӦˡ
ΪʲôӦҲпܻӦ
̬Ѿ⣬ֻһ飬Ǿǡ塷յʲҵ
ҵʣߵĿʽγĶԱȣһýʧǳ
Ļ½Լܸܵ˿˿С

ֵǵƹǾԾ⣬֡ǡ½ݵֵҲ
һǰδе˷ܺͼҲ벻ֻһʽԼֵǡ
ƹǾипʱ䣬һ߾ǵǣȻӰȦıȻ˵ѡģⲢһ㶼еź
ԣȻϣԼһֱһ߾ǡ
ֻǣ⵱ȻǲܵģֵӼǰʼһֱµֻΪ֮ǰӰʹֵú֮󣬶ǡ
ҲԼֵʲôʱʲôһ㣿
ʱ˺ܶ࣬Ҳܶ벻һʽͻԼֵ
ȥпϷûʽģѾص˶߾С
һоͼ򵥡
ȻֻǱ濴ȥܼ򵥣ֻ˵һбô򵥡
ƹǾпǧ
ͬпǧĻԾμԾȷǿ׼ⲿӰ᲻С
ڣԼǵ͹ⲿӰ˵͹Ӱ
ڼѾȷһ飬Ǿǡ塷ⲿ磬ὫƵǣƵһ߾λϡ
һ˺һӰĿֲ˹
֡ǡ½˸ǸпǾȻɹץסһλǷ֣Ǿ˵ġ
Ǽָммǵľˣмλ

ټý岻ϵıһεΪ׳۵ĳĳͨզ˷ܡ
Ƕԡ塷ӾȤŨࡣ
ⲿ磬Ѿʼڴ
ѾԽԽˣƻҪⲿˡ
ȻȻֻ㿴ǰ漸ǰ漸ܹɹסǣǻǲῴġ
ƻҪǰ漸Խ࣬ճɹ˵ҲԽ಻ǡ
۷׷ס
ҲټýͬʱģҲ̫˰ɣң⻹гǳԵʷӾ磬Ӱֲ˹Ȼ͡㡯ԼҪҲйϵռ󲿷ԭ򡣡
ƹǾȻˣ벻֮ԸӦֻһԭǾǡ塷УɫһϷ顣ӣɫ򵥰
ԾȻԼμԾģѵǸʱ֪ⲿӰô۹׼ֲܳΪ߾ء
٣ɲж߾ǵ۹ⶼô׼ǰ½Ԭ粻ϣ˵Լܾˡ塷Ծ𣿲֪Ƕûкڣ
ҿԳӶˡ
Ƕ֮ϣӦ֤Լ۹׼ɣȴ˭֪ǡǡ෴Ҳǹߵġ
塷ӾڵӰѾ޴󣬾͵ſˡ
һгʮֵԵʷ磬ȴ˵ſȻˣֻܶῴǰ漸ò˵һ漣
漣˵ֻǳ㲻ʲô漣
⡭˵ҲǡǴҶ£ֻǳ




ڶǧ ȥµ
֮󣬡塷ӾʽģҲھ飬Ҫھһʱ֮Ż뿪
ʱصү롶ƷҶƷÿ춼ء
УصүѾӽβƷҶҲѾع롣
Ʒ֮Ƴһµ͡
һһͣѾ˾ӦƷҲѾ׼ˡ

Ϊϣ塷Ӿܹ쿪ԣڱ֤ǰ£Ľȷǳ졣
ݡԱԼԱȫǳ࣬ûһ˽п࣬ÿһȫǣɾʮ㡣
ΪĽУˣȫԽԽܹоǵһʷӾ磬᳹״ĿǰʷӾԵľ棬ܹһ漣
еľԱѾԽԽš
ȻⲿӰѾǳˣеľԱ֪˵ⲿӰ󣬻˵Ӱ
ⲿƷԴš㡱͡˼ƣӰҲԻС̫ࡣ
ϾͨĹ˵ⲻ˼ǲûʲôϵǲɻΪ˼ϲⲿƷ
Ҳ͡㡱ǶԣŲС
Ͼ㡱ǾʹŲǮ
ڡ塷ӾӰǳĹڶʾǷǳڴⲿƷĿʱһῴġ
ǣеľԱ֪ڴˣĶǿǰ漸ͺá
Ͼ֮ڴΪƷΪǶԡ塷ڴǲһֱ׷ſꡣ
ԣԱȫһɾҪЩֻͺõĹǣ˼֮󣬾ͳ׵ĶˣȻһֱȲ׷ȥ
ԽԽţҲ࣬ҶۣǣɾʮһҪԭ
ҲǾԱĻôΨһһˡ
࣬еĺܣЩʱȥֳתһת͵ݡԱǹͨһԼ뷨Ҫ֮뿪ˡ
뿪֮ʲôйѡ
ڵһ£ھѧԺй䡣
ѧԺȫһѧԺѧǣĿҡ
ֻҪһҡɲףѧҪǳߡ
ѧԺһ·ķ羰ȻǼõģڶഺŮͬѧȣһ˶УȺ
һ˶У˳ȺܹϸܵһഺϢ
һ·߹͵Ķķ羰
Ȼͷ羰ģµģͷ羰ֻ˳
ݷһ˵ġ
ݷ˭
һ߾ǣһԱѧԺϵڣ質ң
һ߾ǣݵλ봿Ȧһ߾ǣЩһλҪߵöࡣ
֮ŰݷΪݳ塷Ӿ
ɫ򣬻ǳǳʺһײ׳ֿ׳
ԣˡ
λͬѧ֪ڵĹԢӦô𣿡סһλŮͬѧʵ
ŮͬѧƯҲ˿ֵ˵ͷĹԢӦôߡ
ЦллͬѧĺƯ
Ůͬѧ΢΢һ㶣ְһüȻһΪҪ·ֻڨֶλ˵ס
ϲ
ٿʱֺȻöԷҪ·Ϊ˴ڨ˵ƯҲֻ˵Ư
ָоЩ֣ҲЩìܣŮͬѧһʱ֮䣬Ҳֲ嵽һָоģֻЩԺĻһ䣬лл
ЦЦŮͬѧ֮ת뿪
Ůͬѧֿ˿뿪ıӰﻹЩԺҡҡͷҲ뿪ˡ

ĵЩ⣬Ҳǳϲ
ʮϲƷƷǡáұƷ
һЩϵĽֻһֱûлᣬȴ룬ͻȻݷ
ʮĽӴһ֮⡣
֪ܻԵ޹ʵͻȻǰݷ϶ʲôġ
Цɷ֪Ӻһ塷ĵӾ磿
ҲЦȻ֪ҶⲿʮڴģȻоֵģʷҲͬȤʱڵʷʮƫһεƷ塷Ѿҵθڵˡ
ԸⲿƷʧȻǵӾƷôչⲿƷһġ
Ŷһ˵ͻȻ֮⡣



ڶǧ ˮ
ͻȻ֮⡣
ǱľԱᵽĻǺпҪæһ
ԼȫֵһˣִŻԶ֮ϣȻġ
ôֻһֿˡ
ִ֮⣬һ質ң⣬Ȼݳ塷ˡ
Ҳǰٷ֮ٵȷ̽ʵ˼ǣϣܹݳ𣿡
Цŵͷǣ֪ԴǷ⣿
׿ȷϣǷǳϲģȻԸˣǿƷÿһλֶƷ
ҲǷܹлݳһƷ
ΪֻǺݳһֵһ˵ƷָоӦ÷ǳ
ڣĳˡ
Ѿʮ꣬ȻϲЩȴΪƽ˵ܹݳƷҾԵҡ֪ܷ񽫸ȸҿһ
ǵһƷãֻǷǳȲģ뿴һεƷ
ЦЦ˵Ȼԡ
ŰݷݳȻһж׼׵ˣʡףа࣬һ١
׵ݸ˫ֽӹȻȲĽĿ档
ȿǸʣһ׸벻ãʺǳҪ
ˮ˻ԾӢۡ

һʾ͵һܵһǰδеĲ׳Щ׳
˻ϣˮ򶫶ţٻͷжӢۣҲⷭɵ˻š
һʶسζԵò׳˲ЩʷŨīزʵӢǡ
ֻһʣȴˣһҲд߾硣
𺳣ֵһˣһ˸оңʡ
̧ͷһֲżĸʡ
Ƿǳɰתͷգ
ɽڣϦ졣
׷Խϣ߿´硣
һǾϲ꣬
Ž£Ц̸С
ʲࡣȻȴо˺þúþãŽ⼸ʿꡣ
Ϊʲôĸо
Ϊ̶̵ĸУ̫̫Ķ
״˸ܵ׳ͬʱӪһֵգԶ⾳
״ʣ·оʷӵıУ̽ļֵڳɰʧ֮䣬Ѱ̵
ʷ˥֮Уֳ֮һָ߽١ػ
о׸ʲֻһ׸ʣһŨ裬ҪϵƷζԽƷԽǾ
·Ǳڶȥģǹ֮ˮʷ֡
ʷ֮Уַ·ܹһε̾Ϣ
ǣ̾ϢѰļֵ
˫ֿʼЩ΢΢еŵĸԽԽء

ǰ׾ġ塷ѧһ״ʣٽɡ
ȻٽɡǴʷϽٽɡĴʺܶࡣ
ԣ״ֽٽɡˮ
ʵͨʷӽ̾㡢ˮϢɽڣһӢȴһת˲š
д˸߽١ػΪ̸Цˣ˴˱סѵ黳
ȫʻ׳ֻسζƽǧпͷ
޹塷֮ʱ״ʣڿƪ
״֮󣬲һξģ˵´ƣ־ñغϣϾñط֡

оĸԽԽأҲԽԽеԼ˵ģȻܹݳ׸
ﲻͣڸпֵһ˵ʵȻðڵˣԶֻ
ϸϸƷһ׸ʣûΪܹͣÿ˾õȡ
ңڻܹٷ֮ٵȷܹݳ׸
˵ﲻ׸ڻûаٷ֮ٵĽݳȨ
Űݷȷϣܹݳ׸ⲢͰٷ֮ٵĻݳ
ǣݳܹ⡣
ǳ֪һ㣬ԣҪŬԼ״̬ȻҪֳݳһ׸衣
ݳܹ⣬ܹݳһ׸衣
Ѿǳݳһ׸裬ԣȻǳ˼΢һš
ȻһŲӰݳ
ڿ߳Ѱ״̬͸о
˺һ֮˵ӦѾ׼˰࣬һַھȥַҽ׸ݳһ飬Σ
ͷǾˡ



ڶǧ ѧУƸ
ҵַ
Լ״̬ݳһĳȵġˮ
һڣ۾֮ǰжϹȻûдܹǳһ׸
ɫ򣬻Ҫ㹻ܳУ޿ޡ
һ꣬ǳ⣬Ҳǳϲ塷ҵʵݳߡ
һգԼҲǳ⣬һ׸µĲͬ
һŨ裬ҪͣƷζ
˸пһ֮ʵΣ
ЦЦ˵׸Ͱˡ
ҲЦˣ˵û⡣
˵úƽȴƽ

ȻҪ֮ǰȥʱһЩ
ѧУŮͬѧȻഺ
ȻѧУﲢֻŮͬѧƯЩСǣ䳤൹Ҳ϶
ûм߳ѧУµѧУй䣬ѧУôƯŮͬѧΪʲôһأ
ŹţߵѧУִ棬иִô
ʮģѧԺִþбݣԴ˲⣬׼ȥԱ߾ļͬѧĶԻȴһЩȤ
Ѿʼ˰Ҳȥɡ˵ĳƬ˾ǻĳƬĳƬǹһƬ˾Щϵͬѧ˵ǸΪѵõĻᡣ
ǰֺˣ˵ֱܹ뻪ĳƬǩԼءǲǩԼܹĳƬע⣬ҲǼõġ
ʵ֮⣬ҪͿЩͬѧ㹻ˣ

˵ͬѧӿ˽Ųִȥ
ͬѧе˼ƺڻĳƬ˾ִٰһƸᡣ
ѻĳƬ˾ͨ˾ĻɲһƸƸְλи֡ˡˡֶӳԱȵȡ
ĳƬ˾ȷǹһĳƬ˾ڹҲвСӰһ߾Ǹ軪ڻĳƬ˾
Ƭ˾ѧУѡ˲ţⲢֻ֡ǣĳƬһƬ˾ҲѧУѡ˲ţǼΪټˡ
Щ˼
һЩȤҲִ̧ȥй䣬ڷȤ飬ȻҪȥһġ
ִúܴˣŴûйرգѧǿɵĽ
ƸȻûйƸĵ
ſڴΧһȺѧûнȥҲû뿪µŹڴ˴Ƹ顣
ſ߽ﵽˣǧ֮ࡣ
ǰһ̨̨ǰһźüˣŮؾǻĳƬƸԱˡ
һλĳƬҪѡ˲ţҲȷ룬֡ˡˡֶӳԱȵȣȫƸ
˵ϵˣһζл뻪ĳƬǩԼ
Ȼѧ˵ҪֱǩԼǼΪѶȵġֻĳƬע⣬ԶԾҪˡ
ѧҲֱܹ뻪ĳƬǩԼֻϣĳƬܹע⵽ԼԼΪעĶ
ĻԺп뻪ĳƬǩԼˡ
ڻĳƬ˵һҲֱܹͬҵʸǩԼѧǵҪĿģǷһЩڸǱѧΪԺעĶ
˵һ㣬ǷһЩ˲š
ĳƬ˾ȻһĴƬ˾Ҳͬž޴ľѹȺܶССƬ˾ٵѹ
иĴ˲ţڻĳƬ˵ǷǳҪġ
ѧԺΪȫһѧԺϵҲͬȫϵ
ĳƬȷܹһЩǱ˲š
ϵܹǧѧһѧʱ
Ȼѧֻϵģһ϶Ǳϵģֵġ
ֳϵѧ3000ңϵѧҲֵͬġ
ǲȥԣ˵ȥչʾԼĲܡ
ûš
ֳҪչʾԼѧҲ100ҡ
һССͳƬ˾ѧࡣ
ǻĳƬ˾ȥչʾԼ˾ˡ
չʾķʽͦ򵥵ģˣǾֱӰԼƷøĳƬ˾˿ˡ
ҪΪֶֻ֣ӳԱǾ̨ȥһΣܲĳƬƸԱȤһ뿿ʵһÿ
Ȼȷر㣬뻪ĳƬֱǩԼҲǲܡ
ֻǵĿǰΪֹûһֱ뻪ĳƬǩԼƸԱȤˣѾ˺ü



ڶǧ ţƤ
ִá
ʱһ̨ϳ裬ӦһԭҪԼдģҪôһרҵͬѧдġ
ǿܹǳרҵ֮֡
̨Ǹĳǻ㲻Ȼ覴ò٣չռܴŻĳƬЩȤ
̨ݳΧ۵ѧڵۡ
оλͬѧûǸôӦܹĳƬȤɡ
Ըɣô˵Ҳǵͬѧף˰ɡ
ҪֱܹǩԼͺˣϧѶ̫ˣҹƽûֱܹǩԼ
ֱǩԼǻĳƬôסЩͬѧԼҲɣһСС͵ĳƬ˾ȷֱܹǩԼ
ףǺ˰ɡĳƬĴƬ˾ԼѧУѡӵģһѵõĻᡣ

ͬѧţ̨ϵǸҲԼݳĵȴŻĳƬƸ˵ķӦ
ݵĵȴȵԼڴĴ𰸣ĳƬʾעұʾкܴĽռ䡣
˷ܣȻûֱǩԼѾδǩԼĿܡ
Χ۵ͬѧǣҲԼףѧ˵ȷѾһֵףصˡ
ҲΧѧһ𣬹һƣԸΪѧǹơ
ʱûѧ̨ȥݳˣ̨ȥݳѧ̫ˡ
ЩźҲܹ⣬ϾѧԷһĴƬ˾ѧû㹻ţʵҲ
ɨһȦѧͻȻһϤӰС
һŮͬѧòҲ֮ǰ·ǸŮͬѧ
û뵽ڴֻǲ֪ǴֵģϵѧҪչʾһԼܵ˼
ǺߵĿҪһЩһֱ
ȻҲһСС֤ݣǾ֪סĹԢʲôλãϵѧӦò֪ô塣
ϾϵĽڣϵĽڡ
룬λŮͬѧ˳ȥ
ߵŮͬѧǰЦ˵ͬѧɰּˡ
ŮͬѧŤͷһϳǲ֮ǰ·Ǹ
ŮͬѧﲻһֹڨİɣȻĻôɣ
ҲоԷڨģҲôɰɡ
ȻЩìܣ˵ͬѧȷЩɡ
ѧУͬѧ
ЦҲѧУѧͬѧϵ𣿡
˵ԼѧŮͬѧҲ֣ѧУﱾ;˽
ţϵġ
ͷʵͬѧѧʲôרҵģ
Ůͬѧ˿ԥһ£Ǵֱݡ
Ϊһ֣
Ůͬѧ˵ͷ
ֵôҲ׼̨ȥչʾһԼĲ𣿡
Ůͬҡҡͷ˵ûУֻǹġ
ΪΣǩԼĳƬһκûᰡ
ŮͬѧЦһ˵ҪǩԼĳƬôףոճλͬѧרҵõͬѧˣֻǵõĳƬĹעѡȥĻ϶עòˡ
ЦЦ˵㲻ȥһ£ô֪ʲô
Ůͬѧҡҡͷ˵ǲȥˣҲȥһССͳƬ˾Ӧûȥһ£ڻˡ
˵ͷԷԸȥԣȻҲǿ
λŮͬѧҲһԵ֣Էְָ·ǰһæ
ԵĻԸλŮͬѧһΡ
룬ʵͬѧôǩԼĳƬ𣿡
Ůͬѧһεͷˣ˵밡ȻˣĳƬһĴƬ˾ҵȻǩԼˡֻǣֻһΰˣĳƬܺǩԼġ
ЦЦ˵ɲһɣͬѧ֮ǰָ·Һܸлھ̨ȥһ׸裬Ҿڳ跽гɳĿռ䣬ܹóұĳƬƼ㣬ֱ뻪ĳƬǩԼΣ
⻰ŮͬѧͻȻɴ۾ŵĿǼٵİɣ
Ůͬѧ⻰ʵ̫ˣһƼֱܹ뻪ĳƬǩԼ
ôܣΪֵһ
ŮͬѧԲ˵Ļ
ŮͬѧţΧѧҲͬš
Ůͬѧ֮ĶԻûпѹԣΧٵͬѧˡ
֮ȫϵı˾ȣ˴㵣˲ţҲ˰ġ
Ϊʲôģ
ΪЩͬѧΪ椶һţƤ
ֻǣţƤҲ̫˰ɣ˼Ź֡
ЩͬѧС椵ֶβУţƤᴵҪôһŶ
ôţƤ̫ˡ
ԣЩͬѧܱġ



ڶǧ Ů
Χͬѧһģȴǲ⣬ֻǵһЦŮͬѧ˵Ļ룬һȥһԵġ
ŮͬѧͻȻһ뵽һֿܣ˵ո˵㲻ѧУѧѵǻĳƬˣڻĳƬ˵з
ΧͬѧŮͬѧһ˵ȫһ㶣ϸһ룬ֿܡ
ĻСӵҲڴţƤ
С椿϶椣ȻΪʲôԵ޹ʵҪæ
˵ʲôлǸŮָ·ⲻǳָ·¶Ҫôæ
ңСӦǹȥ·ģΪľһڰǸŮɡ
Сӵ·ǳΧѧǶ롣
ֻǣСģƺǴ٣ǻĳƬˣ˵ĻӦҲжķɣ
СӵǣĳƬ˾ĳܵĶӡ
ЩӸЩϲѧУﵥѧǸŮȷͦƯģҲŻȷпܳΪСӵĿꡣ
飬ѧԺҲټ
뵽ЩΧͬѧϵı飬ɵɾ㵡ģΪ˵ǣֻĽͼʡ
Ůͬѧһ仰Χͬѧڶ̶̵ʱ֮ڣ뵽ôݡ
ò˵ͬѧǵ˼άǷǳԾġ
ֻǿϧԵˡ
ЦЦ˵ҲǻĳƬˣҵƼȷǳá
ǻĳƬˣ
һ˵ŮͬѧΧѧȫЩ⣬ǻĳƬˣǾͲΪʲôˣ
ţԣСӦþǻĳƬˣֻԸϡ
ԭҲܼ򵥣Ҫ椣ǾҪԼԵضб£ԼǻĳƬĳܵĶӣǸŮͬѧǩԼĳƬһ£Ե̫ûüˣҲʾı¡
ԣϣǩԼ֮ǰϡ
Χͬѧȫ룬ԽԽ϶
ŮͬѧҲ뵽һ㣬ֻȷΪʼһ֣Էĸо
Է֮ǰһеļ裬Ҳˡ
ֻǣŮͬѧʵ벻ףԷΪʲôҪΪʲôôı£
ŮͬѧʵԺģһƺܹ϶ԷǻĳƬˣôһæǿ϶뷨ŮͬѧԴ˲Ը⡣
ͬԷǻĳƬˣǾڴţˣֻڶҲͲʲôˣҲȥץס
ԣ̨ȥݳͶˣܶԷ˭ʲôĿأֻҪ̨ȥݳǾɶ¶ûС
ԣŮͬѧòĶ˵ԲһǾȥˡ
Ůͬѧ⻰ΧͬѧŮͬѧĴָģΪɶ¶
Ҳ˾ŮͬѧЩɵõĻᰡ˷ˡܵĻҲɶɶ¶
ͷѾ˵ˣŮͬѧǲԸȥҲǿ
˵ǺãȻͬѧԸ⣬Ǿˡٴллͬѧ֮ǰΪָ·ôټˡ
ŶõģлŮͬѧ˵֪ΪΣܸоԼķӦҪġ
ЦЦת뿪׼Ҫ뿪ˣֻǹѣڿȻҪ뿪ˡ
תһ˲䣬ոմӺŴ߽õŮȴ鲻Խķһ
ŮƯһΪƯ
ھŮָæסԼֻͣ۾ȻɶԲ
ڴȽϳֱ֣ȽԶŮͬѧΧѧǣûŴŮľ
ˡ
ķɨһۣŮЩ⣬ʶŮ
ȷе˵ʥŮһΣһ㽻
Ůʱ֪֪ݣ϶²ˡ
ҲŮΪλᾪԭϳ
ŮЩ⣬ŮЦЦȻ뿪
Ů˷ܣҲܼҪʲôվסˡ
ѸܵŮͬѧߣŮͬѧļһŮǼе˵ﾲ㡭㡭㡭ոûע⵽߹ȥλ
ԭŮʶŮͬѧŮͬѧֽﾲ
Ůһ߽ãǡÿת뿪ԣǲ֪֮ǰ飬ΪոֻǴﾲ߹
ﾲһֱЩԺŮһģʵһ֮ﾲ̱ϲ˵ѩĵǿˣҶϰˡ
ԭŮǾǴѧѧѩĵ
˾ﾲĺѣﾲܻĳƬѡֳġ
ֻ·ϣΪض³һЩʱ䣬ûϿʼ



ڶǧ Եڲڣ
Ůеѩ˵Ǹոʱ·϶³һЩʱ䡣Ȳ˵ոûп߹ȥλ
ѩĵ˷ܣֱһ޴ľϲȻΪʲôǲ֣Уκγʮġ
ﾲʱɻˣѩĵ֮Ļ˵Ҳʣֻûмʲô߹ȥ
ң黹ǳļУƺܼ
УáƺҲﾲЩ֣߹ˣѧ֮ΪͬѧǲǸǡһ㣿
ţΨһѧˣֻиոǸǻĳƬ˾ˡ
ѵ˵
ֻǣΪʲôôкͼѵʶ
ﾲһɻȫ㲻״֮ǰǸ֣ԼýҲͬ֡
ɻʵ˵ġǸոյǸҿ˰ոһֱ˵ߣǾˡ
ѩĵŮһĵе˵ոһֱں˵˵Щʲô
ﾲɻˡ
ΧͬѧҲͬɻ󣬾룬ƯŮɶ˼
УǸ֮ΪѩŮҲ̫Ư˰ɣĸѧУģ
ͬѧΪʲôΪѩѧУѧѧУģ
Ϊѩֵģ֮ѧУϵĵһУҪ߳һ
ѧУģѩӦǵһУǲܲʶ
ԣѩֻǱĸѧУˡ
Ȼⲻص㣬صǸŮһֱ׷֮ǰǸŮûпʲô߹ȥλԵúǼкͼɶ˼
˵ġλӦþǸոǸŮǸСӰɣ
ʲôѧǸ㲻
ﾲɻ˵ѩĵôˣʶ˭
ĵȻУ˵Ȳ˵˵Щʲô
ðɡﾲЩΣ˵̨ȥԳһ׸˵㹻ĳɳռ䣬ܹóĻĳƬƼңҽֱӺͻĳƬǩԼ
δ˵꣬ѩĵŮһԵøǼĵﾲ㡭㡭㾹Ȼ˻Ե⡭⡭⡭
ĵʵڲ֪Ӧ˵ʲôˣҲ벻ﾲȻܹ˻Ե
Ǹ˭ֻҪƼģ˵ﾲרҵģ϶зչǱһȫûнӴ裬һ㷢չǱûеˣĳƬҲ˷ֱܵǩԼ
Ϊʲô
ΪһĳƬһãǧ򲻵ġ
ԵﾲȻɻ˵ĵɶ˼
ΧͬѧҲһ±ƣҲʣͬѧɶ˼
ĵﾲȲ㡭ȥ裬֮˵Ե˰
ﾲҡҸոѾ˵ˣҲȥ˰
ĵ㵣㲻ȥ
ﾲǰҸոն˵ˡ
ĵ
ѩĵŮһۣףﾲΧͬѧǣȻ֪ݡ
⡭ҪҪﾲʵݣ
Ů֪ڰʵ˵Ҳ
Ϊһλеĸˣϵˣֳ֪Ҳã֪Ҳգ˵һġ
˶֪ݣȻǻվһͨһ
ؼǣﾲ֪ʵݣǸӲ̨ȥݳˡȥˣ϶ҲΪڽźͼӲʵˮƽ
һĻԵɾˡ
Ůﾲ̨ȥݳݳ֮ٸʵݡ
룬ѩ˵ﾲλӦòԵ޹ʵİ㣬϶Ϊ֮ĳֹ£֮ǰ𣿡
ﾲͷ֮ǰ·˵˵һ顣
ѩĵŮǻȻԭˣﾲ˵ڤڤ֮иеĻԵ
ѩ˵ﾲǵȷʶǲܸݡģλ㣬κ뷨һĻԵһҪŬȥסھ̨ȥݳһ׸裬Ȼľʹˡ
ﾲѩֿĵﻹһԺ˵ǣҸոѾ˵ˣ̨ȥݳҪ̨ȥ𣿡
⡭ѩĵŮԴҲЩȷˣԵЩʱݼš
룬ѩ˵ﾲ̨ȥݳ˵ԵѾˣҲûа취ˡ
ﾲ˵ͷ˵ãѩھȥ
ѩĵŮ˵ͷԵڲڣҲҪԵˡ



ڶǧ ֿԶ
ﾲ̨ȥѩĵŮĻ˾
ѾףǸ˵ݿ϶򵥣һλԵ
ȻˣȻҪץס
ڻԵڲڣҲҪȳ˸֮Ż֪
ѩĵŮ͵͵ո뿪ķ˿ûпӰ̾һ
ֻﾲĻԵûȫߡ
ȷѾ뿪ˣѩĵŮĵһȡ
ȻѩĵŮ˹ؼʱͻȻ֣Ǿ֤ﾲע˸д˻Եһ¡
Ȼǰﾲȷʵ㹻ķչǱĳɳռޣ
һܹĳƬƼ֡
ﾲ˵Ҳþһ¡
ҲҪﾲ̨ȥݳһ׸ԭ
ﾲ̨ѩĵŮΧͬѧǣɴ۾ﾲ̨Ӱ
ȥˣ
ŮΪոСܹƼֱǩԼĳƬûκεĿ뷨ɣ
ͬѧڵȻǸո뷨ҪôǱ£ﾲǷ뷨ҪôǴڴţơ
Ǳȴûκε뷨Ȼǲѵͣ
ŮνʲôԵͬѧȴǲûô룬Ҳ벻ס
ﾲߵ˻ĳƬƸԱʾԼԸ̨ȥݳһ׸衣
ѧҪ̨ȥݳȻҪȸĳƬƸԱк
ƸԱ˿ﾲ˵ͷ
ﾲ̨֮ϣһȥ̾˴ѧǵĿ⡣
ȥݳˡ
еѧǶԵЩ˷ܺڴǿֵģȻ̨ȥ裬Ȼ󿴻ĳƬƸԱķӦǺޱʾǱʾעֱֻǩԼ
֮ǰ˺һų̂ȥݳʲô¶һ־ûÿˡ
ͬѧǾúźҲһλͬѧ̨ȥ
ڣǵȵˣһһλƯŮ
ϵͬϵһϵ࣬Ů٣֮ǰܹ10ͬѧ̨ݳŮȴֻ
һλŮˣңλŮ֮ǰλŮҪƯ
ͬѧǸڴˡ
ﾲڡ
ﾲõһ׼Ϊĸ׷ˡ
֪ǲΪ׷ˡ׸豾ΪԭͬѧǾãﾲΪ
о
Ůû԰֮ǰŮҪá֮ǰŮûеõĳƬĹעŮӦû⡣
ҲûԣûĳƬעӦⲻ󡣡
µĽɣҸоڻ˵׼ҿ϶ϣܹûĳƬע

ȺУ˵ͷﾲݳ覴úܶ࣬Ե覴ãֻҪԺܹڼϰټʦָܹ㹻ĳɳռġ
ȷһ֮뿪˴ã֮ǰʹ뿪ˣΪѩĵŮͻȻֶ֣ൢһ
֮߳óֻһϢ

ڡ
ﾲѾԼݳĵȴŻĳƬƸԱķӦ
ʱĴǡˡ˵ҶۻĳƬķӦ
ҾóûĳƬӦûעġ
ҾÿԲǺܴ󣬸տʼŻƺҲûôˡ

˾ﾲܹûĳƬעҲ˾û᲻Ǻܴ
ѩĵŮʱΪţǿﾲһʵģ϶гɳĿռ䣬ǲȷǷݻԵڻڲڣ
Ů̾ϢһﾲڵһʱץסԵﻹҪôţ
ȴǲ֪Ϊǵļʱ֣ﾲѾʧȥĻԵֻˡ
ΧͬѧҲͬۡ
ˣҾõУֻǸոյǸСأ˵˼ҳ֮󣬾ͻƼֱ뻪ĳƬǩԼ𣿡
ڲŻعζСӵ·еոյȷ˵ˣǰһǰᣬǾҪǸŮ㹻ĳɳռ䣬ܹóôһ룬ֱ·ΪǸŮô˵ΪǸŮû㹻ĳɳռ䡣һͲĳƬƼˡ·ֱ̫ˣ
ҲСﰡ
ǸŮɵȥˡоȷЩʵ˵ûĳƬעһøлСӵ·ˡûСӵ·϶ǲȥݳġ
ȵȣôһ˵ͻȻ뵽һֿܣǸСӸòǹַʽǸŲ̊ȥİɣΪ֪ǸŮһʵģֻûţ̨ȥһַʽʹǸŲ̊
ô˵ǸСڰǸŮ
֪ôо¶ԽԽˣֱǸֿԶˡ
ȷоԽԽˡԽԽԺˡ
Ҳǣ¿¼ĽֵʲôɣǸ㲻ˡ




ڶǧһʮ Եû
̨ǰ
ĳƬƸԱУһ˵λͬѧݳ覴úܶ࣬ݳҲȽȱŲķչǱԸʵĹעϣͬѧŬ
ӵĻΪﾲݳһšĳƬʵĽйעҲһĴ𰸡
ȻȲйעҲȲйעҪõöˡ
˵ﾲѾ߱һʵŲķչǱ뻪ĳƬҪֻһľ롣
ϾĳƬһĴƬ˾ҪǷǳߵġ
ﾲԣõĴ𰸣Ҳֵˡ
ﾲȷҲǳϲԭκεϣҲû㹻ţǲ̨ݳġ
Ĵ𰸣Ѿľϲˡ
Ǹ˵ģܹĳͻƼֱ뻪ĳƬǩԼ飬ﾲϣ
ʱҲ뵽ˣǸ˻ַֻʽ̨ݳԸлԼ֮ǰΪָ·
Ǹڰֻǰ뻪ĳƬֱǩԼǰվ̨ݳ
ﾲܸмǸˣ϶ǲ̨ģҲûڱĳƬעĻᡣ
֮ǰɹǸΪ뷨ڵЩ
ѩĵŮ˵ЩȻʮɻ󣬵һҪʸﾲ뵽
Щ뷨ﾲŻĳƬƸԱȥ׼ǰȥдһԼϡ
ȻĳƬѾʾʵעǾҪдһˡ
֮ǰûдϵġ
ʱеѧȫۻĳƬĴ𰸡
ţ㲻ܵõʵĹעڽҲͬǩԼĿܡֵףһ
λͬѧֵߣĺãȻֻʵעΪǩԼĿԻǺܴġ
ܹĳƬʵעΪѾǳˡһСĳƬ˾˵ֱܹǩԼˡ
ҲΪףλͬѧ

ȺУѩĵŮһۣͬʱ̾һӣԵѾˡ
ŮǳźһĻԵֻﾲֱܹ뻪ĳƬǩԼô򵥣ǩԼ֮ΪﾲƼģĳƬ϶ԴҲб
ϧʲôûˡﾲԺͨԼŬɹ뻪ĳƬǩԼˣڻĳƬܹõԴҲ϶ԶԶܹƼǩԼᲢۡ
ŮǷǳźԵȻݼš
Ů룬ҪҪﾲʵݣﾲ֪ʵݺ󣬰ѳӶˡ
Χѧʱ룬ĪǸСΪˣǸŲܹ̊ȥݳ
ǸŮɹĳƬעôҪлǸСӣ
Ĳףһˡ
ʱ򣬻ĳƬƸԱУһֳģڽӵ绰
⡭⡭𣿺ããףף֪֪ô
˵绰ƺԵ÷ǳС⼸ƸԱ˵˼ʲô⼸ƸԱҲ˲ü
˵⡭𣿡
˵ȻոԸҴĵ绰һ־޴ջ񣡡
ӵѵʶλͬѧ
˵ͲˣҲʶҲʶλͬѧĻԵҲǻĳƬĻԵ
༸˾æֱͷ
ʱﾲﾲ߽˾ЩȲʵλͬѧǽﾲ𣿡
ﾲɵ΢΢һ㶣ԷΪʲôͻȻ֣ϾҪдд϶Է֪
ɻǵ˵ͷ˵ţﾲ
˲ɫĵ˵ͷټòܹԵϣӾˣġ
漴΢΢һЦ˵ﾲϲ㣬ԸĻھͿֱǻĳƬǩԼˡǩԼ֮ʽΪˣǻĳƬǩԼ֡
ﾲ͵ͣ½ŲԼոĻԼֱ뻪ĳƬǩԼˣ
ֻﾲţеѧҲͬţ˵ȫֳı飬ȫԼոǲˣ
ЩˡĴãһͻȻðˣеѧȫ򣬻ĳƬƸԱڵķû˵
ѩĵŮǡһȻָæסԼͣϾ˷뼤ɫ
ͬѧԼǲˣǲɣΪ֪ΪʲôͻȻľ䣿
ֻ˷ܣԭﾲĻԵûߡ



ڶǧһʮһ Ȼ
ﾲԼոӦˣԣ˷ܣҲҼ̽ʵãո˵ǣڿֱǩԼ𣿡
ЦЦ˵ǵģûھͿֱӺǩԼԸĻ
ӴˣﾲԴˡһ¾ըˣȻֱܹǩԼˣ
Ϊʲô
ͻȻ뵽֮ǰǸˣԭֻһǾ֮ǰǸйء
ˣֱ뻪ĳƬǩԼˣ˭ﾲԴȻˡһƬѾ뵽ԭ
ﾲԴˡˣѧǣԴҲͬˡˡ
ôʲô
ողǻֻǻʵĽйעôͻȻ֮ͿֱǩԼˣ
м䵽׷ʲôû˭ܹǴ𰸣
һƬȻ˶Ҫ֪׷ʲôĳƬΪʲôͻȻ֮䣬ҪǸŮֱǩԼˣ
δҲ̫˼˰ɣ
ΨѩĵŮΧЩͬѧ֮У֪Ϊʲô
ΪոǸСӣţΪոλ
ȻˣΧͬѧ𾪣֮ЩѧǣҪöࡣ
˭ΪʲôܹѵǻĳƬĳܵĶӣĳܵĶӣƺҲɣΧͬѧǵȫ롣
֮ǰΪǸˣǻĳƬĳܵĶӣϸһ룬ĳܵĶӣҲӦúŶԡ
Ҫ֪ĳƬһĴƬ˾»Ա֪жٸһܵĶȻĻȨ
ôǸ˵˭Ϊʲô
ΧͬѧѾоǸ˵ݾԲ򵥡
ﾲѾֱܹ֮ǩԼΪǸ˵Ĺϵ֪ʲôݣŬԼԴһЩȻ˵ԲܸңΪʲôֱܹӺǩԼ𣿡
⣬Ҳеѧǣǳ֪һ⡣
ԣеѧȫŶ䣬ĳƬ˻ôشȻʮְ
ЦЦ˵ȷͬѧԭֻǴʵĽйעͬѧһλˣƼ㡣ԣǾͬѧǩԼǩԼ֮ǹ˾ԴҲͬѧбͬѧΪһĸ֡
˸⻰һȻ
˵ⷬǳҪϢ
һ֮ԻķתΪһĳƬƼﾲ
Ǹ˭һƼȻֱûĳƬѡﾲǩԼ
ңƺԵ÷ǳȲﾲԸǩԼƵġ
Ӹ˻ģһҪϢܹó
ﾲֱǩԼǩԼ֮󣬻õĳƬԴб
ôֱǳ
Ҫ֪ǩԼˣǺѵõ˾Դбģܹù˾һͬʣѾǳˡ
Ҫõ˾ԴбǱһӱΪ˲С
أﾲûʽǩԼĹ˾Ѿ̬Դбˡ
ȥڵﾲԸǩԼЩȲİѴǰ˵ˡ
ǸƼ֮˵ʲôݰȻܹ˵Ӱ
еѧǣȫǳȲҪ֪Ǹ˵ݡ
ﾲԴ֡ˡһ£֪渺˿еġˡǸˡ
ﾲͻȻ֮ʮֽţʸˣ˭
˿ﾲҲǲҲ׶ŮΪʲô˻Ե
˵
鸺˲ǻĳƬ׼ʹ˴ĵһ
һΣһҳƬ˾Ƽһ֣ͷŷǳӰܹûĳƬӰһ
Ӱֲ˹Ӱ
ﾲĸ֣Դ׵ġˡˣһǿҵѣθУѾЩվȡ
Ǹ˾Ȼ
ˣˣһжˣ
ﾲˣ֮ǰѩĵŮΪʲôԵ˷뼤Ϊʲô˵Ȼܹ˻Ե
ΪϳǸ
ﾲ֪ѩĵŮҵŮһȥʥʱҼһ棬ʶ
ﾲ˼ҵһŵ£ѾЩվˣҪһԴѾ׵ѣˡ
ѧǣĸ֮ҲͬһǿҵѣθУֻûﾲôǿҰˣǵԴ˼
ȻȻĳƬƼġ
⡭⡭š
ͬѧҲˣĳƬΪʲôԵȲҪǩԼﾲˡ
Ƽĸ֣κһҳƬ˾Ե˵Ȳ



ڶǧһʮ 
ôһͳˣǾΪʲôҪĳƬƼǸﾲŮ
ȻҪʲôɣҲҪһͷɣܾôԵ޹ʵƼ˰
ѵǸﾲŮʶ
ӦòܰﾲʶĻ֮ǰͲһϵеķӦˡ
Уô֪﷢飿֮ǰﾲݳ֮ĳƬƼġ
ΪĳƬ֮ǰֻǱʾʵĽйעͻȻȲıʾֱӽǩԼ
ͱĳƬƼﾲʱ䣬ﾲݳ꣬ĳƬʾʵע֮
ʱΪʲôô׼ѵֳ
뵽ֳеѧǣͻȻ֮Եʮ˷ܣ͵˦ͷǰҵĿ
ֻǽ뵽ӦòܰɣôͻȻ
Ȼʲôط֣Ҫ˵֮ǰѧǻǾ̫˼ˡ
ôൽʲôеѧǶȲҪ֪
ֳȷ֪࣬ѩĵŮԼΧЩѧ
ЩѧһֱվΧۼ֤¼ķҲﾲ˵֮ǰʹ·顣
˵һе򣬾ѧУǸﾲѧʹһ·
ô򵥡
Χѧ˵Ⲣ֣ͷѾ㹻ˡ
ֻǳ׵𾪺ͼǰδе㣬һԽС
֮𾪺ͼΪҲõǸǳ֮ΪСӡˣȻǴ˵еˣ
ǸովȻô˵Щ
ʱǳ׵ܵˣ˵Ϊʲô˵С
ǴУϴﵽ˾ˣһˡ
β𾪣β
֮Իǰδе㣬һԽУΪеѧڶ֪֪࣬ովȻ͸ûۼ׶˵Щˡ
ĳƬǼƸԱʱҲ֪࣬Ҳ֪ով
Χѧβ㣿βԽУ
ڣװƵʱˡ
ǣ˷ܵĴɢҪǳװƵİ࣬˵Щ±Ƶѧ
۹Ҫ֪˵黹ôӲ֮ǰ˵𡣾Ƕ֮ǰʱ϶ǲ֮ǰǸʱǸﾲͬѧһУ԰š

أǡﾲͬѧ֪ﾲͬѧҲϵѧҲ̨ȥչʾһԼȴֲ̨ȥǡ

õĺܶطͬʱ
Щ˵꣬ѧǣࡣ
ԭˣԭˣ
󣬱Ǹָĸп
ﾲͬѧҲ̫˰ɣȻܹ˻Ե̫Ľˣ
Ҳô˵֮ǰľֳ֮ǰпܴ߾
ֻ㣬ȻӺܶ߶ϧѾﵽ豹߾磬ͨûκε𣬾վǵߣҲоκε
ҡҡҡͻͻȻ뵽һ⣬˵ûпܻ
ӦѾˣЩ֮ǰҼ֤ͬѧոѾ˼ˣûпӰӦѾˡ
ʵ̫źˡˣѧԺʲô֪֪
Ͳ֪ˣһﾲʹ·֪ʵʲô·ѧԺĿģܹµһ
⣬һﾲȥ

ʱﾲѾ˺ͻĳƬǩԼѧһȦһȦΧš
ﾲﾲ·ģ˵˵˵˵
ﾲͬѧ·֮⣬ûк˵Щʲô
ﾲ·ʵĸط˵˵

ͬѧ࣬ﾲЩӦʱ򶼻ûȫعԼȻܹ˻Ե
κġ
ͬѧʣˡ
ͬѧ˵˷ܺ飬ֲһⶼشǣѡ˼ʴ⣬һԵֱӻشꡣ
˵ʱ·֮⣬û˵ʲôҸ֮л֮뿪ˡʵõڹԢľλá
شЩֵ֮һﾲźò
ѩĵŮЦﾲոձôΧŵĸоôǲǸоԼһһ
ﾲҡͷ˶µģʲôĸо
ﾲƺʲôһۣ˵Ҫأ֪ݣΪʲôң
ѩ㣿֪ݣ㻹̨ȥݳ𣿡
ﾲһ룬Ҳǣʱ֪ݣȶˣﻹ̨ȥݳ
ðɣԭˡﾲֻε˵



ڶǧһʮ ýǷĴ
еѧȫ˷ܵ۲ֹ
¼ĳƬƸᣬȻѾټȥˡ
λƸԱҲټȥˣ˵ջѾԶԶ
ֻص˾ȥڹ˾ǰúõĴһװһװơ
¼ִţȻʸװƵġ
ǣѧ˵ǸʾƸ͵ˣϸϸﾲһ֮󣬴Ҵ뿪˴á

з¼ܿʹ棬ʱִ֮ѧԺ
ѧԺĴͬѧۡ
˵ִ﷢顣
Ȼ˵ˣѧУˡ˾ò˼飬Ǹﾲͬѧʵ̫ˡڣﾲѾΪѧУˣ֪ͬѧĽʡ
ĻԵ˭Ľ˵ﾲ·ѾһƬ̹;ˡȻⲻﾲͬѧͲҪŬˡҿҪǰŬСȻɾͶԲˡ
û뵽ѧУ쾹ȻĴ£Ҫýͷͷˡ
ȻӰ̫ˣ飬һβͷͷ
˵ѧУΪڣҲ֪ʲô
֪ںܶ˶ڲ²ԭ򣬵ź񶼲ôס
ܹԳ𰸣Ȼû˲µõ


ĹԢ
ڽһ绰
ȷе˵ڽһһ绰
ˣɶ˵˵˵˵
ڣܱǸˣԸ͸¶һ£Ϊʲô𣿡
ڣãһ£Ϊַ𣿡

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ʱûˣһ֮᲻죿˭֪أ
ĸпһεСӵӰҲ̫˰ɡ
ΣЩ绰ʵ⣬̫˳ȷ֮⣬ûо͸¶Ϊʲô顣
Ϊ֪һ͸¶˾飬ӵĲð
ֻúõƷζһˮ׸裬Ȼ󷴸ĲϰݳԳԼߵˮƽ
ɲڽļʱŵòð
Ļﻹܹĵϰݳ
ԣ̫ǲ͸¶Ŀġ

˵𰸣Ҳû͸¶
ôȥѧԺΪʲô飿ʱΪһ
ʮֵĺ棬ʮֵҪ֪𰸣һȻҲ⡣
ѧԺѧǷ׷ײ²⣬۲ֹ¼֮Ҳͬ׷ײ²⣬۲ֹ
ýҲͬص¼˱ͷͷı
ýǾĳƬƼﾲһ£ϸı¼ǰԼ¼̣ϸı
ְصˣȥѧԺĿϡ
ȥѧԺΪ˰ݷһѾ׿ڳˡ
ôΪʲôҪȥݷֻǵİݷãĳĿĵİݷã
Ϊ˸ýעĽ㡣
ݸýķȥݷĿԣǺܴ
ôӦþĳĿˡ
ʲôĿģ֮⣬û֪𰸡
ȴǿԷ²һ
Ҫβ²
ýΪӦÿԴϿǡ
ǾѧԺϵڣͬʱҲң質ңһԱ
ôȥݷĿģпĳһйء
ϵڡҵݡ
ңȴֵһˣԶ֮ϣȥ
ԣȿ԰ϵڡҵų
ǹһԱݣΪϷ
һ㵹пܡ
ˡ塷֮⣬ûƷҪ㡣
塷ԱѾȫȷѾһβ̵ʱ䣬ġ塷
ԣһԱҲųˡ
ôֻʣ¸質ˡ
ݷΪݳһ׸裿
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һӾһ˵һģ塷ӦҲһ
塷ȻԴڻû͸¶塷ʲô֣˭ݳ
ôһǰȥݷһϵټǰЩȥݷĿģƺѾ֮ˡ
ûĿģݳ塷
ýѾ˿϶ǿȥݷĿģӦþˣԴˡ
ˣڿ˸ýĴ֮󣬲̲סĵͺһ
Ҳˣҵý壡
Ȼķˣһͷͷǵоݡ
˾ãҲ



ڶǧһʮ 塷ʽ
ýǷȥݷԭ򣬸˿֮󣬾úôһ¶ˣԺܸߡ
ô
ò̫ãͻȷΪ໥ı塷Ӿȷǳ죬ڲ֮󣬾ͽʽӫ
Ǹʱ򣬴Ȼһпܻǰ
˶Դȫǳע
ʱһһڹڡ塷ӾϢҲϵ
һ֮󣬡塷ٷе㹤Ѿʽ˺׶Ρ
ͬʱһϢ֮һݲٰ졶塷Ӿ翪ʽۺƵӾƵֱֳͬ
ʱ塷ӾҲҿصɴ
ϢһѸ˸Ĺע˵۹۽²ֳڴ
һ֮ǰǰȥݷĿģҪ
ȻڴĲֻԼ塷Ӿ籾
ǲݳǶ϶Դģһܹ϶ƳĵӾ磬ûеñ
˵ܹһΣƷˡ
ΪˣѾȴ̫ˣѾóʱûƳµƷˡ
֪һʱضĥµƷҪµƷҪԵġ
û֪ʲôʱʲô£ͻȻƳһµƷ
ÿһƷķ˾
⣬Ƕڡ塷Ӿ籾Ҳͬʮڴ
˵һʮֵ󣬾ĹʷӾ粻Ȥȴǳڴ塷ӾĲ
Ȼǲһֱ׷ڡ塷ĿȷǷǳڴġ
ý౨׷׶֮еġ塷Ӿ翪ʽԤȣͬʱ˺ܶչͲ²⡣
ĹҲ鲻ͣΧŴڴļ㣬չ̽֡
ʱúܿ졣

֮
ʽϵİ˵㿪ʼڣѾʮֽӽˡ
ûȰ
ĹĳԱǣԼһЩˣߵɣɣԤȵԤȵúܣʱʽ֮һƬҵǾкϷˡԽϷҲͻԽʡ
ȻﶼǸпڴ
ʱڵϰ˵㣬ʽʽʼۺƵӾƵֱֳͬ
Ĺڵӻǰڴʱ˿һݲֳĹڣ˵Ĺڡ
ͦװֳĹǣӻǰĹǣǺãӭʷӾ硶塷ʽֱֳ
̨ѤִͦĿʽֱʽĻ
ڿ֮ͦȽֳļαܵʷ磬Լһ֮⣬жλļα
ļαݣɲЩЩǴܹᲢ۵ģмļα
ֳĹڣӻǰĹڣһθпѡ
ͦ˼α֮󣬽ùǸп򵥵Ľ˹ڡ塷Ӿʼĩ
һʷӾʼԼȵȷ档
ѧ̨ùһθпͬʱҲ˹ڡ塷ӾԭĹ¡
ܵʷ磬һЩ㷽飬Ϊζ
ٽƹǾԾ֡ǡ½ࡣ
ǲǱװ࣬ȫǵӾؽɫķװࡣ
ֳǵǰĹǣȫ۾
̨ϣƹǾݵ볤üͷڽһҡϹŵЦ⣬Եôţǻ۳ȡ
½ݵĹʮָߴ󣬱˶Ҫ߳࣬ĺҲͬʮۣŨüۣŭֳµվһսһ㡣
еĹǣȫԾĵһͣǵӾзǳǿͷ·ʷʵĹ𣬾һģ
վڹߣݵŷɣҲͬҺǿӾС
ŷͬοߴȻȹһЩ˶Ҫ߳٣ֶϴ˾ϷüëŨԲɣ˵ĸоʮִͣ˵һúͽ赲
еĹһӾ̫ǿˡ



ڶǧһʮ ҿɴ
⣬ԾݵݵĲܲ١ݵ褵ȵȽɫҲͬùǵӡ̡
̨ϵһڽɫǣͻȻ֮䣬ԡ塷ĲüΪڴ
ʱڴ֮ǰڴȫһ
֮ǰΪƷԭڴڴȴΪЩɫڴ
ڴʽӣ벻ЧЧùļƻ㣬һЩı䡣
ԭڴĹǴֻǰ漸ȻͲˡ
Ȼڣִ㷢һЩı䣬ܶ룬ǻٶ࿴ԭЩӡʮ̵Ľɫ
ֻǼ򵥵Ľɫ࣬ͲЧò˵Щɫʮֳɹ
ԼҲע⵽ˣԼ﷢Щ仯һθпѡ
̼һֱڵȴŽĿ㣬Ǿҿصɴ
ڣ̨ϵͦһ֮̽˷ܵĴ˵ڣڵܵʱ̡Ƕ֪һӾһ㶼һǵġ塷ȻҲ⡣ҿ϶Ѿ֪塷Դģǿ϶ġôʲôһӣŴҶѾڴ˺ܳһʱˡ⣬˭ݳ֮ǰһֱ²ڣеĴ
ͦ˷ָܶ߿ֳеĹڣԼӻǰеĹڣȫͻȻ֮
ڵȵһˣȫɴ۾˶䡣
ϯϣѧΡΤƷ塢ӡ᯸еȴǣҲͬʱһ֮ǰҲͬû
Ҳͬڵȴһ̡
̨ĴĻϣ֮ǰӰȥȵĻʱֻϵĽˮȣ˻Ϣ
ĽˮƺʱпܴĻ﷭
ŷĽˮǰֻƵͻǼУнûһĹ֮һ죬֮һĹȻһ죬ԽԽУԽԽ߿
һ̶ֻ֮ٵĳѸٴ˸߿ĺŽǣǰüٶ߿ĻϷϢϽˮͻȻֻ֮һ嫲ãһɺ鼤س
ƺоЩ׳ǷϢĽˮĳһԭǵģǳҪĶǵഺ
ֻǰ࣬Ѿù˼ǧƷд⣬һθܵƷ
ѧΡΤƷ塢ӡ᯸еȴǣ໥֮俴˿ͬǸпǧ
죬֣ʱ߿Уʱͳתеȫǰ൱С
ڼͳתĳִ֮˼ݣࡢתԶ
еĹ־һĿ
̶̵ǰ࣬Ѿ˶ֲͬľ
ӻǰеּͬǲòпֵһ˵ʵȻֻ
ٽһûͲӰ̨ϡ
ԣӰݳˡ
ֻΪƹã˿ӰݣֻܿӰ
ӰǴ֮ǰ²
ͣڴ𰸼
ӰͲŵߣڳ˵һʡ
ˮ˻ԾӢۡ

һڣͳǻԲݳߵһ̽
еĹڶܹó
ƹµӰڳһͬʱǰ߳ƹеĹȫӰݡ
˭
һµ⣬ڽ˴𰸡
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ˮ˻ԾӢۡĻϣϽˮɷϢĸʣеĹֻоδйĲ׳ֲ׳
Ľˮ򶫶ţһȥжӢۣҲⷭɵ˻š
Ӣ߳ƵķṦΰҲͬսʷĳӴߡ
һʱ֮䣬еĹǲ˼ǧ
ѧΡΤƷ塢ӡ᯸еȴǵ˼ǷϢǷϢĽˮһ㡣
ǸȷǸʣֵһдĸʡ
Ƿǳɰתͷա
ɽڣϦ졣

ɵͳǵ˼ɷɡ
Ƿǳɰܵͷһգһ̣ǻȥʲôǣʲôɹʧܣ
ЩǶݵģõģֻɽڣϦ졣
ûÿһλڵļ䣬˼˼һζͷ



ڶǧһʮ һǧžĴ
еĹǣȫһζͷݳڼ
׷Խϣ߿´硣

Ȼһжṇ̀ǾͲعڻؽƽϡһУӴ˼ɽˮȤԣ´Ϊ飬Եá
ǾκˣǷǳɰܣֻڴ£ձѾ̸Ц֮䣬һ뵭
Ÿʣйȫ˼Ƿ·𿴵һλ׷ԲԵ̣ڽߵһʯ֮ϣƾǰκˣˮԳȻ⣬ž޲
һǾϲꡣ
Ž£Ц̸С

ѵü棬ʹĳһƣ£ٵķ׷ţ֮Ц̸֮С
ʱ򣬹ǵ˼ַ˱仯·һֵĳȻѣһֳ費пͥǰ¡
һˮù˼Ÿʼ仯崣һ鳪գǵ˼ȴȻûƽ
̨ϣʼ˵ڶݳ˼ûƽĹǣ˼һθŸ
ڣ׸ݳлĻ˳ĻϵӰҲʧǵ˼ƽ
ոĸʣ֣ǲֻǸʣһǧžʫ˵ʡ
ûÿһλڶܹ϶һ״ʣһһǧžĴʡ
ʵϣһ״ʡ
ֻͨĹǻûзһ㣬ֻǾд̫ˣһǧžĴһ㡣
ѧΡӡ᯸еȴȴǷˡ
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еĹҲͬ۾ҲµõҪ˵Ļ϶͸ոյйء
ĸʣǸоһǧžĴһ㣬ڷǳϣܹԸʽһ͵
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ӰѸո׵ԭ򵥵˵һ£ֶԸʽһ͵ֱʾ׸ݳ
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ӵĵ֮еĹǲ֪׸ĸʻһ׹Ŵʣѹǻĸо
ָϲͼ׸ʻеƷУǳһףܹĸˣֻһˣǶ׸ϲ
׸ôҲͬϲ
ĽǣǶڡ塷ӾڴУֱøŨˡ
֮ǰԱǵĽɫ֮ڴбŨһΣһΡ
ܶѾˣҪѡ塷׷뷨ǿûжȤҲҪꡣ
Ȼ뷨Ƚģ˵ֻʱô롣
ȵ塷ʽʱû㹻Ӧǲ׷ġ
һ뷨Ĺ͡



ڶǧһʮ 
塷Ӿ翪ʽһ׵س֮󣬻Ļ
ֱֳ
ϣѸصȳ۵㣬һԱݵĽɫķװͣˡ
ɫķװ͸˷ǳ̵ӡǹŷɶˣ˵ʼڹǵԺУ֮ȥ
һЩ̼ңѸᵽ̻Կʼж
ùǻ֮ȥɡʼԺ졣
׸軹ûʽУϻҪ׸裬ֻеȵ塷Ӿ翪ʱ
ֻΪ׸裬ܶ˶š塷㿪
ýҲͬڵһʱ˴رҲͬԽɫķװͣΪ㡣
ǽеĽ㣬ݳǱص㡣
ý屨ϣ鲻ϣڡ塷գﵽ˸߳
ʱ򣬡塷飬ӵӾƵͬʱһ֮󣬡塷ӾʽӵӾƵϰ˵㿪ʼÿ
ͬʱҲڸ˵΢ϣ繫һϢڡ塷Ӿ翪ͬʱ塷С˵Ҳͬߣ㻪Ͻء
Ϣһ绶ȸԾǵȵ塷ˡ
ϲ˵塷С˵ߣͬ˷ܡ
ڴӾ磬ڴԭС˵
ʱƷЩ¶Ѿصβ׶ΣǶѾⲿƷǶʱڵʷѾΪϤˡ
ġ塷Ϻ͡Щ¶źܶĲһ
ʲôһڻ֪Ҳ󲻳ǿԿ϶϶вһĵط
ԣǲڴӾҲãС˵Ҳգڴ
ǵڴЩϲС˵ĹЩһڴҪѡ塷׷ڴ

ʱúܿ죬һ֮
塷Ӿ磬塷С˵ڽϵİ˵ͬߡ
ڲϲС˵Ĺ˵ֻҪӾͿˡϲ˵ɾһѡˣȿӾ绹ȿС˵
ʵⲢѡΪС˵ϴ֮һֱӾ粥֮ûˡ
ԣõİ취ȻȿӾ磬ȵӾ翴֮ȥС˵
󲿷ֵԣѡ
ϰ˵ԽԽϹڡ塷ԽԽŨ
ĹȫƵӵӾƵ
ڵϰ˵ӵӾƵһ۹֮󣬡塷Ӿʽʼ
һοˣǽˮĻ棬һ׵سĸ
еĹȫеһ㡣
գһʽʼ
˵´ƣ־ñغϣϾñط֡һʼһ԰ףͳдԡ
⿪ʼһ԰ףеĹǶپһִƣܵһȺ¹ӢﱲһĴ档
ǶʷϤҲȤĹڣʱҲĸо
ָоǵһͻȻ֣ʷƺͦ˼ġ
Ȼ԰֮⣬л棬ԱߣĳʼַֺϺϵ´ƣһͳʾ
˿ˣûп
ûпˣҲܴӻУܵʷĲɣ븴ӣܵ´Ʒ־ñغϣϾñطֵʷ켣Ӷ԰˸ĸд
԰׽ЩʷȤĹڣƺѾʷһȤ
԰֮󣬽һСιڻƽı̵档
Ϥʷ֪ǻƽ壬ڲϤʷĹ˵ֻܿһˡ
Ĺڣֵֻܿ֡
ԭⲢûʲô˲ˣʷҲȤ
֪ΪΣܶ࿴ĹڣʱȻһҪ㶮뷨Ҫ֪ʷһʲô¼
뷨ԼЩ֣ҲʲôʱʷôȤˣ
һ£˽ʷǺõ
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ȻУвٵĹҲԣǶˡЩ¶ʷϤء
Ȼô಻ʷĹڣҪ֪ӻڷʲô¼Ȼڽ
ϸЩũǣͷǲǶһƽҸߺš쵱ڼӣ´󼪡ĿںţǷڶڣġƽ塯ˡƽҹʷϹģũ֮һɾ¹Ž쵼Զ͢ͳβ˾޴ĳ
˽֮ЩԭĹǻȻԭǻƽ塣
Ȼʷƽ塱ĸ֣϶ģֻǲ֪ƽ塱ôһ¶ĸ
ڣ֪ˡ



ڶǧһʮ һֶ
֪˵ӻǡƽ塱֮ЩʷȤĹڣʮֵϲ
ЩΪ˽ǣʱҲͬϲΪ˽ĸоʵǺˬǷǳϲܹٶΡ
֪ڽΪ˽Ļ϶٣Ƿǳڴ
֮ǰûԤϵģǡ塷֮һ⾪ϲ
ҿˡЩ¶ȻܹΪ˽Ļоôˬ
¶ҪлӹΪƳˡЩ¶һе鶼ûˡ
Ƴ塷ⲿƷ
ڴܹ塷ܹ׵س˸л֮⣬øлӹ
뵽塷ľڼ
ƽеݱǿѹļر
һбʾسſڡ
Χ۸ʾȺУǿһˣһѾǳϤˣ
ǰĿʽϣһϤ࣬Ծнɫķװࡣ
ԣһ۾ȺУӰ
ʮϲǿһλϤһ
֮ǰҾһֱۣ塷֮ЩʽϤӰ˭һ֣
ڴ𰸽
ùǸϲǣֳܿһϤӰ
Ǻɽʤ֮ǺףȻɥĸأϯڣҪҵɵãȻʮаˡ
ԣбʾ̾
ʱȺһϤӰˣθߴ󣬳ֶϴ˾Ϸ𣬱ͷۣŷɡ
һϲѣŷɾȻҲˡ
ŷɵ˵Ӿʵ̫ǿˣããȺУҲ벻ֶѡ
ŷӦ̾ߵߣ˵ɷΪҳڴ˳̾Ϊɷ򣿡
󣬼ò쳣ŷɻش˵ɣ¡أЩׯרýύºܡոտ̾ʴǰʡ
֮󣬲пôŷǸ
ʵŷɻڡ塷ⲿƷǡ
԰塱е԰ŷɵĺ԰
⣬ŷܹ֮£ȫŷɵǮ֧֡
͹ˣһϯһ̶ܹھǲˣжǮ£
ŷɵҽ֮˵Ǻף˵ƽң־Ҫ񣬺ܣڴ˳̾
ŷʾʲƣԸļ£ٴ£Σ
ȻϲŷһһҾƵȾơ
һθпŷɻǸ
˸֮̾󣬹ǵ۾ͻȻһδΪȺУַһӰ
ǸӰŷɸӸߴ󣬳ĺ봹ǰۣԲüòãݣǹ
ŷ֮󣬹Ҳˡ
ӡ̵ʮֵϲֻǵǿʲô֮Щ۾
ֻһʯϣǰڷһ鲼ڴװ̶Ȼ̶
Ӣȴڽϵ̶ôЩЭҲѹֹǴ۾ˡ
һ̣й˿ǰȥ⣬̻ȴ˵ⶼһھŷǳصḥ̂Ųò⡣
ԭϰھģĥҲϰϵģһų˻˭ܹŲḥ̂ȡ⡣
ĥʮֳأͨȻŲÿ
ǰ
۾ѾԤеҪȥŲĥˡ
ʵҲȻˣŲḥ̂ûƽȡѷָˡ
Ƽֻͣհ죬ȡָˡ
˻ȸԾֻص̶̯ǰ̶
ŷ˹̶̯ǰץһ̶˶ۣȻ˵ǶۣѶ۵̶ҡײƭ
Եľǹ鷳
ŷΪʲôҪҹ鷳
ԭ֮ǰǼŷɿģŷɷھģĥҲȥġ˵Ųḥ̂ȡ˾⣬˹
۾е⣬ŷɿһʲôŲĥ֮˺úõĽһ£ָ¡
˶ÿνѽѷ֡
ǿ´ȫ룬˵˭һЩ
ΪǹΪΪߴҲΪŷɣΪŷ׶
Ҷڴ˴ܵĽֻǿϧûн
Ϊ˴ѽѷ֣ѷʤʱˣ˰˶
Ḷ́ùһ㵣Ȼ֮
ֱ
ʱŷɶ˴һ߹ȥһ߬סĸ첲һ߬סŷɵĸ첲һֳ֣һŷɶ˱㱻ֿһá
д󾪣
ǻ˻ʵۣŷɶ˳˻Ǳֿŷɶ˵Ĺ£֮Ϊһֶ
䳣˵ģһֶˡ
ֵעǣǰӾ桶塷УСһֶڣ塷ԭС˵Уûһڡ
һֶҲӰԭǺ֮ǰѾ
塷ʱ򣬽һֶ˽ȥ
һЩ䴫˵УʵʷϵǲҲǳ
жۡ



ڶǧһʮ ôÿ
һֶڣùǾ
ЩʷϤˣµɻʵʷϣҲ
ҪΪǽˡ
ֻǣһЩˡЩ¶ǣҲЩȷˡ
Щ¶û˵ܴ
ҲȷǿġЩ¶沢ûᵽܴ󡣡
ǲȷ޷ΪĹǽ
ôֻʷԳˡ
˵һЩ䴫˵УΪ˻СһֶĹ£ڵӻϿģֿŷɵĹ¡ʵʷϣȻûǳȷأںܶУֵܹԲͣȻȲϹĶ佫Բ޸֮֮ˡʵʷϵӦҲС
ԭˣʮϲԭʷʵȷŲ͵ֵ
ӣӦҲǹŷɶͽĸԸһԭ
⣬ùϲǣԭֿŷɶ˵ڣԴһ˵еʷ¡
һֶ˵Ƿǳ֮ǰȻûĴ˵£ʵһǳź顣
֪ˣҲ
Ӵ֮󣬡һֶĹ£Ϊ
ʮϲǵһξá塷ͦÿġ
Ҫ֪ڡ塷֮ǰǷǳڴ塷ĿҲδΪ塷ܺÿ
ڣǵһΪ塷ͦÿġ
Ƕԡ塷һЩȤȤȤ
塷ľ黹ڼ
һֶ֮ŷϧһŷɵļȾȥˡ
˳̸Խ˵ԽǸо־ͬϣ뽨ҵһҰ
ŷɱ˵ҵĺԺһ԰ʢ԰мأ˽ΪֵܣЭͬģٴ£Ұ
ϲд⡣
ǵڶգŷɺԺ԰У˱ţݣΪֵܣԻŷɣȻգȽΪֵܣͬЭΣϱң°ֻͬͬͬԸͬͬͬʵģ˹¾
ıϣΪ֣֮ŷΪܡ
ʱһ԰𣬽˽ݵĹ£֮Ϊ԰塱
ʱЩոѾΪ塷ͦÿĹǣԵ˷ܡ
԰塱ãÿԭ塷ôÿ
ʱѾ뷨ˡ
ѾΪ塷ôÿǰҲû뵽顣
˭˵ʷ綼ÿģ
Щʷ粻ÿǱˮƽУʷҲÿ
ʱЩԵã֮ǰΪʲôڴ塷ĿΪ֪塷϶ʷ粻һ϶ǳÿ
ʱ룬ʵϣ֮ǰûΪ塷ܺÿ
ܺãǲŲһء
ΪʲôڴΪ֪塷ܿ
ţģǵ۹
Ȼ֪ǼٵģȻԵá
Ϊʲôԭ֮ǰڴ塷ǡ
ڣصӾС
ôˣʵʷϣŷˣ԰
Ҫ˽ˡ
һΣЩ֪ʷǣ˷ΪһΣܹ
ʵʷϣûС԰塯Ĺ¡ŷ˵ĹϵȷǳãСֵܡļءɼʵʷϣȻûн壬ȷֵͬܡ
ԭˣô˵԰塱Ĺ£վʵʷϣ鹹ӹĹ¡
ҲΪ鹹ӹùǾã塷ôÿ
ԼҲʶһ⣬ͻȻ֣ԼѾףΪʲô塷ôÿˣ
Ϊʵʷ¼Ŀӹ
룬ûС԰塱ڣֻʷϣʹıһ˵Ĺϵǳá
ôⲿӾֻ¾ͷǳˣ˵˾ôÿˡ
ӣʷӾг֮˵ԣΪʷ籾첻㣬Ϊ֮ǰЩʷ磬ߵˮƽУֻǰʵʷձƣܺÿŹˡ
еʷ綼гѾ쳣
ֻǣȻǲܵģǾ÷ǳź
ڵġ塷ôˣʷӾ粢첻㣬ҲǿԷǳгġ
ԸԺЩʷĴߣܹ˶õĳһʷ硣
ﵽ塷ĸ߶ȣҲҪǿȤȥ



ڶǧʮ ڴһƷ
塷Ӿڡ԰塱֮Щԭδ塷ܺÿĹǣϲķˣ塷ԭôÿ
󣬹¾նۡŷɡӢսһ֣ǸǾϲ֡塷ֱԽԽÿ
ڿ֮ǰǱֻ㿴ǰ漸Ͳ˵ġڣǰ漸֮󣬼еĹڶһǾҪһ׷ȥֱȫꡣ
ڿĹУ᲻ϵĲܶʣЩ֪ʷǣһһΪǽ
ЩطʵʷЩطӹ֮ڣǶһһĸĹǡ
Ҳò׼ĵطӡ᯸еȴǣվ˵
ڹǶԣƽʱ˸ǽʷǿ϶û˿Ȥȥġ
ڣΪ׷塷ԭǶǡǵĽܣŨȤܶʱ򻹻ʡ
š塷ĲϲǶʷҲԽԽ˽⡣

ѧοЦ塷֮Чȴ֮ǰԤڵĻҪõöࡣ
һҪһӾĿģҲԤڵˡ
ֻǣ
塷ǵӾ磬ڼǳˣͯǼȥ
һӾ磬ͯҲһʵһǳź顣
ôʲô취ܹͯǣҲȤȥ
취ȻеģǾһ桶塷
ѧѾȡȨ桶塷ĿѾʽ̫ʱ䣬桶塷ܺ͹Ǽ档
أ桶塷ܹͯǹۿܹ󲿷ͯǹۿ
ʱ򣬡塷ⲿƷܹԸ׶εˣ𵽷ǳˡ
塷ӰƷӰ֮ԭС˵ҲǼΪľ䡣
ѧΡӡ᯸еȴǵУ塷ͬμǡˮ䰴һǴ䡣
ӰĻ塷ǱȲϡμǡڡˮ䰴֮ϡ
ǶԣȻҲӵġ
û˶Դ˸е⣬ƷܲǾ䡣

ڡ塷֮ǰܶΪ塷ʣǰʱΪʱֶʽµ
߾ԱԬ硢½棬ĹĳԱǣԼ಻ˣΪġ
Ȼڣʵǡ塷һֱӸ߲£һֳһֱǵơ
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ĿǰƿʾԻᳬ8.0ƽʣͻ8.0Ҳ
8.0ƽʣ˵ʷӾ޵УǷеĵӾ磬ҲֻڡμǡӴ桷ΪƷ֮¡
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Ҷá塷ʣһʮ顣
Ԭ硢½棬ĹĳԱǣԼ಻֮⡣
Ԭ硢½Ԥ˵塷ʽᳬ1.5
ڣֻܹ޾̾Ϣͺڡ
ĹĳԱǣԼ಻ˣҧг֮⣬ûκεİ취

塷ϵĲʳ߸ߣ⡣
ǰĴ֮һټƳ塷֮ǰƳˡЩ¶ƷҶصүƷŨʷȳ塷ʲܻ͡
ڣصүѾᣬƷҶҲصĽ׶Σ֮ھͻᡣ
ʱҪƳһ͵С˵Ʒˡ
ǣҲԤеˡƷҶѾӽβ磬ʮֵĲᡣ
ǻãĿ֮£ʫԣװƴѪжսɳ
᲻áƷҶᡣ
ǣ󣬡ƷҶڻˣһƬź̾Ϣ
صүˣƷҶҲˣ᲻ð
ǰ᲻ãԭʷƷôÿֻϧƷ֮󣬹ӹӦʱƳʷƷˡֻЩǣܹһЩʷƷˡ
֮࣬ӦûǻвƷֵģǴڴ
ӹʱᴴʷƷˣȷ˷ǳźֿڴӹһ͵Ʒˣһ룬ҲͲôźˡ
⵹ҲǡңӹһƷڴ
ôӹһƷͣʲôͣ
Ͳ֪ˣǲ²ⲻʲôͣǶһǳÿ
ǵȻˡ




ڶǧʮһ Ϸ
һʲô
ʮֺڴ粻ٵʿҲͬǳ档
ӹԿС˵ѾƳˣ͡ʷ࣬ʼ֮ǰ˵ܹеķཫʮ֣һһƳ
ֻǡ͡ʷ࣬Ѿе˴۽ˣʣ»ôָͣľʣ
˶ǳڴ
ڣڴһ͵ʱ̡
˶ڵȴţӹһʲô

ƳһͣѾȷˣƷҲѾ׼ˡ
֪ʱǳ˶ڵȵһʲô
ڵȷҲӦùʱ
ˣӣ½ӹ΢һϢ
ϢĺݱǣһƷʲôͣ
ʲô
Ϸ
û׼Ƴһ;ǡϷ
ֻǣһ紦±Ƶ״̬
ϷϷҲһС˵ͣ
˶ʵ벻ףϷôһС˵ͣϷС˵Ҫôд
ϷȻʲôϷ
ͨ˵Ϸһָ֡һֻС֮Ϸǵֻȵȡ
ǵϷϷϷϷֻϷȵȡ
֮һ仰ϷܹĶʵ̫ˣܶĶ֮Ϸ
ҲʵǲףϷС˵֮ʲôϵ
ӹһǡϷ֮˶ۡ
ȻҶ벻ףⷴӼ˴ҵȤ
ϷӹҪƳһ;ȻϷȻҲ벻ֻǣϷС˵֮ʲôϵ벻ס
˵Ϸ˲òСʱֱϷЩϷ˻
ֱϷ⣬ЩֻϷͬ˷ǳżȥϷһֻϷֻϧ棬ֻʣһЩСʱ黳ˡЩϷѾ治ˡϷ˾Ҳ֪ƳһЩµϷΪڽֻϷҲȻгġ
ǰôȥˣϷЩϷСʱ÷ǳ棬ڿЩˡϲĸϷս͡սӢ֮ۡģСʱϲڿľֻʣ黳ˡ
㻹˵һֱǳϲϷֻЩϷȷЩǣʵ᲻Ȥȥˡź
ûа취飬ڱϾѾ˽ֻϷʱǵϷֻϷˡ
ڵȷϷֻϷˣǣϷô࣬桢Ϸȴоǳ٣öϷʣ漸ͲˡڵǶϷҪ˰ɣСʱһ򵥵ֱϷܹô涼治塣
˵ϷƺзǳĻҪ˵ֻǣ˵ǣǵĻǲƫˣ
ȷƫˡҲǣʵ벻ףϷΪʲôһС˵ͣ˵˵ţȻƫˡ
ѵӹҪдһǴϷ飿
ۣͲ
ȷǳĲò²⣬ȵӹ󹫲֮Ӧþͻײ²һЩˡ
ţ죬ӹӦþͻṫˡ


ӹӹС˵ڣС˵ߵһֱ
ݲȫͳƣС˵ߵѾһǧˣ⻹ЩѾߡ
Ѿ֪˶ٴεĸ̾ˡ
С˵ǣ˵ĹӹһƷ࣬ʲô͵Ⱥˡ
ΪһܹдĻԺڴʱֿԶһѡ
һѡǾͶһֳɹĿԡ
һ˽֣Ҳһ֮󣬾Ͳ˽ء
ڣǵȵǼҪ֪Ĵ𰸡
ֻǣҲͬһһ±ơ
ϷʲôϷܴС˵
һС˵ǣεķ֣ȫϹӹĽࡣ
ȻҲʮģܹϹӹĽˣǵǷЩˡ
ԣǲɥʮֵ²ڴ

ʱѧί칫ҡ
ͬһĿɬ˵һηǡʷǵǿܹ²һһεġϷͷˡҪ²һ֪ôӺδ֣
貨һЦ˵ȷ֪ôӺδ֡һ˾øӵĺ棬ӵĳڴ
⵹ȷǡ綼ڡϷҪôһС˵ûɣеֻɻԼӵĺڴ
貨ЦȻǹӹﻹ˸ȥɣ



ڶǧʮ ϷϷĹ
־硣
һüͷ΢壬ʮֿɬķ֣һβ²ⲻӹ뷨ˡ
ңһαȹӹ֮ǰĸʱӵΡ
һȫµĸ֮ǰû˵²ⲻӹ뷨ҲͰˣʮġ
Ͼ˶ǹӹ
һεǡϷڡϷһȻǳϤҲȫܹ⣬Ȼȫ޷²ӹ뷨˷ǳˡ
˽һΣЦЦ˵СƣʵûʲôʮġҪ֪һԽͨƽԽ޷²ߵ⡣Ϸ̫ˣ޴ȥ²⣬ʮġ
һͷ˵࣬ףǣӹΪʲôܹ֣ڡϷҲܹС˵
Ϊʲôֻһӹԭˡ
һεȷֻһӹ
ЦЦ˵ӹڽֻǹͣȵ֮󣬴𰸻ͻȽˡ
һԸܹ֮²𰸡
ͷҲġ

ʥ塣
֣࿴ʵϷϷҲдС˵
ЦȻԣңԶԶֹһд
ֵ֣һƷӦѾ׼˰ɣһƷд
һϷϷĹ£ֻ˵һȺϷңͬһϷĹ¡
ϷϷĹ£˵֣ࡢҡλүӣȫеЩ㵡
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ò˵д߶ˣҲء
˾Ͳ²òдһϷĹ°ɣ
˵ͱ˷ˣôдһϷĹĹʲôͷ
ӹҪдĹ£϶ǳ󲻵ġ
˶ΪģλүҲΪġ
ԣ˵֮λүӲŻԵô㵡
λү룬ԽƽдԽܹɾϲСӼȻдǾ֤оԵİմҾϲ
һ룬λүֻ˵ͷϷĹ£ϷĹ°ɣƽ֮дƽ
֣Ц綼ڲ²⣬ڡϷƷҪôдô֪ϷϷĹ¶ѣҲ֪ǻ룿ҲеЩʧΪСӻʲô߶ˡصдء
һЦ˵ʲô߶ˡصдȻڸֲ²ⲻֵֹò𰸣ھֱӹ𰸰ɣôҲͣĲȥ
֣ҲãҪʽʼˡˣʲôӦѾȷ˰ɡ
ͷȷˣȫְ֡
½ӹ΢һϢ
Һã顶ȫְ֡һ֮ʽʹҼ档ǹһȺϷңϷĹ£
ϢһѸپ۽˸˵Ŀ⡣
Թӹһ΢һΪϷ֮е۵ͬʱҲڴӹһ΢
֪ӹ϶һԤ΢
ȫΪֻƾ衰Ϸ֣ǲ²ⲻӹ뷨ӹ֮Ӧþܲ²һˡ
˶ڵȴ
ڣڵȵˡ
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ʱѧί칫ҡ
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貨ҲһЦ˵ĳ̶ֳ˵ӹҲǸһϲֻǣС˵ܹ𣿡
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֮飬֮顣

ǽʮڴڴͬʱͻڲ²ӹѡһϷ
ȺУкܶ˶ϷߣǷǳϣӹѡϷĿǰһϷ
ĻȻǸеӵ˷ܺڴ
һЩϷǣֻǴĺˣǿ۹ӹѡһϷԣǿС˵Ϸ
ڴϷ˾ڴ绹кܶҲͬڹע
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ˡȵĻشҲͬ򵥡

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ֻǣҶϷһϷʱûи𰸡
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˵˵ţҺȻЩԾˡ
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Ӻп鹹ˡҲһѲĶһûСǿϷ˾ô˵ɣϷ˾ʾûƳһϷǾǹӹ鹹ˡ

ϷȷһûУȫĿͶ˸Ϸ˾
ҫǲǹӹ鹹ϷϷ˾ȻзȨ
Ϸ˾Ǹӹע⣬϶ܿӦġ



ڶǧʮ ϷҲְҵ
Ϸ˾ȷǸӹעǸǵļһϷҫʱеϷ˾ڵһʱ䣬еһ󼫶ȵʧ䡣
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ֲЩɻ󣬡ҫǼҹ˾Ϸƺû
ϴӹȥڣܹƳЩϷϷ˾˿϶ͨǸ˽⣬ʵҲȫ˽⡣
ԣڵһʱҲȫȷʵеûСҫһϷ
Ϸ˾ͬڵһʱ䣬һͬײѯһҫϷ
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ӪеϷûУѾеϷҲûС
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ȵȴûϷҾһϷ
˼ǳ˼
ѾⲿƷ˼ˣŽֻǿϷһ趨ѡ
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ҶǼսӵĶӳʹõ˻ɫΪһҶ֪һսʦΪ񡱣ҫ֪ʺ֮һ
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Ҷ߽ңĶԱǴʱ°ΧһˣҶ̤Ӷɨһ۵ģҲȫĮͳЦ
ֲһĮҶ˵ֲѾתҶӳְ񣬡һҶ֮ʺţҲٿء
߹룡
񾡣أ



ڶǧʮ Ѿ
Ҷﱻֲȥ˶ӳְ񣬸ʮʺšһҶ֪ҲҪζӳʹá
ԼĶѳ֮ΪѾˡʱˡʺ϶ӳְλ
ҶȻѣҲƽҲⱯһűΪ񡱵ģһҶ֪ʺſݵζӳǰʱָ΢΢Щ
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Ҷﱻֲµ
νŶѵ
ñ֮Ϊҫ̿顱ҶǶҶ衣
Ҷӱֲ֪ڱԼ
ֲҪԼҶǾֲԼĻ֧ΥԼ
ԣֲҪҶԼ
Ҷʵʵɶ⣬ھֲ˵ûκεҵֵ
ΪҶǾܾκιʹԣɷáŷᶼܾμӣǸܹϵСԼʵݡ
ֲԴʮֲۿ߾һɽȴ޷ھ˿档ҲҶ;ֲ֮ìܲϵԭ
Ҷûκҵֵڼսӳɼ»ҶɼļֵҲûˡ
ҶѾûκεļֲֵҪ֧߶нˮ
ԣֲҪҶԼ
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ҫְҵй涨ѡҪĻҪһſԣЩѡֽۣ츴ֲ
Ҳ˵Ҷ뿪ֲҪ³Ϊһҫְҵѡ֣Ҫһ֮ſԡ
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ȵĵǺ͹ģҶֻǷƵıʾϢһͦõģһ֮ٻ
֮Ҷ뿪ļֲ

ʱеǣѾⲿȫְ֡Ʒ
ͬʱҲȷһ£ǾⲿƷҪϷǡ
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һϷУǸе˷ܡ
ְҵˡְҵְҵѡֲ֡ȵȣǷһϷո硣
ҶǸе˷ܡǣңԼΪǿҵڴͺ档
֮˷ܣΪҶҫ֮һ֮ΪҫĽ̿飬һߵ
ҶʹõϷɫһҶ֪ͬϷĽɫ֮֮Ϊ񡱡
ЩǸе˷ܣϷǣҲϷҲӵԼϷɫǵĸдɸ
ΪʲôꣿΪҶû˼ֵ֮󣬱ֲ
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ͬʱֶԼֲǳķŭֲ˴Ů֮⣬ϰ嵽ѡ֣ûһˡ
е뿴飬һֲΪҶڣǶԴǿҵڴ
ҪҶһ֮߹ȻݺݵĴֲüֲǿҵĺڡ
ֻǣҶﱻֲߣۣһ֮޷³Ϊְҵѡ֣úȥδӣ
ȻҶƵıʾϢһ֮ٻһʱҶ˵Ҫô
ʮڴһ֮Ҷ߹ڸ֪ҶҪζɹһʱ⣿
ҶеǮƶȥˣûжǮƣѵҪȥǮһ
ǲ֪𰸣ֻǶԽľڴ
ʱǲŷ֣ԭϷϷĹ£Ҳ˵

Ϸ˾ˣʱҲȷˣⲿƷҪϷǡҫ
һʧͬʱҲһγһ
ܵ˵ӹûѡʵеϷøϷ˾ǳź
ӹѡʵеϷĻȻֻһϷ˾棬ÿһϷ˾ϣ
ڣӹ鹹һϷҫÿһϷ˾ϣҲûˡ
ϷػĻᣬûˣһ˷ǳź顣
һЩϷ˾ȴȻһͻȻֻỹûʧ
Ϊ뵽ץסλİ취Ǿùӹ鹹ϷҫΪʵǹ˾еϷ
ȷһеķ뵽һϷ˾˲ȻĶ



ڶǧʮ ҶҶޣ
ЩϷ˾˲ȻĶܹӹ鹹ϷҫĸƳȻӪǾԻػ𣬳ΪһϷ
Ȼ󣬻Ч¹ӹƷ趨ְҵˣְٰҵȵȡȵȡ
Ǹʱ򣬽ӵ޵ĴвƸԼϷҵӰ
˾ĵλ׿ǰȫĿ
뵽ǰЩϷ˾ﾡ޾ĻȣôҲϨˡ
ЩһǰǳɹĽƣҳɹӪ
ôҪβܹϷҫ
ȻǶϷĸֳ趨һȫ˽⡣
Ϸ˾ţӹڽ϶ԡҫȫֻҪúõоͼ¼ƷйءҫĸݾͿˡ
ϸݣϷ˾Լܹɹơҫ
һʱ֮䣬Ϸ˾Ҫϸ˽⡶ҫϷԸԶǻҪǿҵĶࡣ
ǳ˶ϷҫĿ֮⣬ǶڵĿϷ˾ȴֻϷҫ
ֻڻ֪ҫһϷĸӳ̶ȣԶԶǵ
Ҫҫƣɲһ׵顣
ȻƾϷˮƽǵȷܹģֻֻϷ˾ǸͲȥ
Ϸ˾ֻܹ̾
Ȼڻû̾ڻȣ־ڹڡҫĸݣڴ

ʱѧί칫ҡ
ĸпһ䣬˵˲𰡣˲𣡽ֻǿƪͳ׵ĽˡҶˣڽһʱڣҶôɹһܹ֮߹𣿹ֻ֮ᷢһЩʲôĹµȵȣеĶ̫ڴˡϷ黹дӹ˲𰡣
貨ȷǳ˲֮ǰ˭ţϷĹ£ܹ˵ˣУӹϷְҵˣְҵְҵѡ趨Ҳͬ볣֮롣
볣֮룬ǹӹƷ˵ԭ֮һ

־硣
һһ̾˵һԤУȫְ֡ⲿƷӰֻС˵򣬻˵ѧ򡣡
ĵ˵ͷ˵ȷˣӰϷǳ޴Ӱ졣
һǰϷ򣬻˷ܶ顣ĽΡ
ûа취飬˭ǹӹء

ȫְ֡Ŀƪøˣڷ׷׸пֹͬʱֶԽµڳ޾ڴ
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Ҷ뿪˼ֲһܹ֮³Ϊְҵѡ֡
ôһʱúȥδӣ
˶ڵȴŴ𰸣ڴ𰸽ˡ
ҶǱȣ뿪ֲʱƮѩ
ѩУҶԼҲûнһĴ㣬ֻúõߣһֱߣߵԼΪֹ
·һɣҹȻƻԻͣҶ߽ɡ
ҶɸȻѩԽԽȻһѡ
Ҷ￪һ̨c47Ż
ֻǵҶc47Żʱ򣬷47ŻãһǳƯĹ桶ҫ
Ϊҫĸ֣һŮͨ桶ҫҶȻЩȤġ
ƯĹھ˵ˮƽֻͨˮƽҲҪͨˮƽ΢ǿôһ㡣
Ư崿ᣬңҧгĺݾ˾òֱǸͷβĴƭ֡
ҵʱ򣬸һŭһһụֱ̈ӰϷرˡ
ŤͷԼվŵҶ˵һϻ֮뿪ˡ
ԭƯĹɵϰ壬¹һλҫߣͬʱҲҶĳ˿
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Ȼȷе˵Ƕԡȫְ֡ⲿƷײȤ
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ÿһBossÿһνBossֻòŻ֡
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Ҳǣ֮ǰϷģҫ֮һ档


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翴Ȼţ֮ΪˡڶҵĴڣȴϷҵ޹ء
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ʲôݣƵϷȻҪͶʽпӪġ
ϷһСϷ˾òǮͷǳˡ



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ǣԬ˵ȤһϷʵ̫ˡϷԸԺϷ棬ǹ˾Ը߷ֳɣǹ˾ߡÿ𣿡
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ԬʾԴŹ˾ؼԱݷãĸ뿪ˡ
Ԭ뿪֮Ҳص˼ҳʣֽϿʼһЩͨԼͨ
ЩͨиָĽʬиֲָȵȡ
һ׼ƳСϷǰ𱬹ܳһʱġֲսʬ
ϷȻֻһСϷԷǳǿܹǳ֮У԰Ρ
һСϷܹ磬Ȼһ˷ǳź顣
ֻһϷڡȫְ֡ϷȳǰһЩϷҲϡ
⣬ԭļƻС
һ֮ѡϷ֮࣬Ƴȫְ֡ˡȫְ֮֡⣬ΪǰЩϷһʵ
֪һֵġ
ڣĳˣһжһ
ԴЩϲҲǰЩϷ֮󣬻γȳڴ



ڶǧʮ 
ʡǣϷ˾
Ԭص˾ٿȫ˾顣
˾еԱȫ֪ԬȥʥݷΪʲô飿
ȫ˾еˣһεĻڴ
һεĻ飬ҲΪģȫ˾ﶼִĻ顣
ʵϣԬص˾֮ǰȫ˾е˶ۣԬһȥݷջ
ҼϷĲ飬ҵĵǣûһϷȤ
ֻ߾ЩȤԸԸֲϷ˾
ֱԬص˾ʱ򣬴Ҷۡ

ȫ˾е˿Ԭϣϲ˷Щı飬ﶼһȫ룬ѵһεջ񲻴Ӧˣ
ܼտӢЩȲ˵ԬܣкϢҪ𣿡
ԬһЦ˵ǰкϢҪҡ²һӦǺˡ
Ԭһ˵ȫƲס˷ܣȻ֮ǰѾµˣԬ׿ȷϣҲŸ˷
˭Ǵ˵еˣһ֣ƱػͬСɣû漰Ϸҵ
˷һ֮տӢ뵽һǳҪ⣬˵ԬܣǷѯˣһλͶʽԬôشģ
տӢһʣ˷ܵˣͻȻһ£ǲǸ˵̫ˣһСϷ˾ܹҪ
Ԭ΢΢һЦ˵ȷˣ֤һʽ𡣲ֱʾҪô࣬и10򣬿ܾ͹ˡ
⻰һ˶׵סˣ10͹ˣôܣһҲడ
˵ɻԬ˵ǵģ10͹ˡΪһ׼ƵģֻһǲҳСϷ
ǲҳСϷһ㶣ҳСϷܹгһҳСϷԬ˷ˣ
տӢɻԬܣҳСϷûгΪλҪһϷ
Ԭڰ֣Ц˵ҳСϷҲгȻ˵ˣǶʹˡһ£ǰЩҳСϷȫɼҵΪЩϷߣΪҳСϷгáƵҳСϷȻǰЩҳСϷܹᲢ۵ġ
Ԭһ˵еֲ˼ûдĻǲġ
տӢԵͷ˵ԬܣʲôʱܹϷƺã
ԬЦ죬صļԱȫȥʥٴΰݷ
죿ֶһҲ̫˰ɣҳСϷҲһϷһʱƳˣļٵģ
Ԭ濴˵ɻ΢΢һЦ˵ǰ죬ҲҪˣҲҪóȥж
ðɡЩΣʵģóȥжֱһ޴
صļԱ˲ʮּ쾹Ȼлǰȥݷô˵е֮ǰδ顣
֮УеļԱʮֵ˷ڴ

Ϸ˾ģǽк飬͸¶Ϸ
֮Ҫ͸¶ȥΪϷ˾Ҫüһѡ
֮ǰϷΪϷЦ˶ڳЦǲȻӼϷһЩעȣ˵ıߣֽ
ڣӦϷһϷЩڻ᲻ٳЦǲ
Ϣһ͸¶ȥںܿʱھʹϷ硣
ϷˣڵһʱеȵĲ죬ȻҪһϷϷƣ
ţڶﶼĴڣЩ沢ûϷ򰡡
ңϷصûУôͻȻҪһϷˣ
δҲ̫ͻȻ˰ɣ
УҪһϷ棬ҲӦȥЩϷ˾Ϊʲôѡ벻Ϸ
ϷǸʵȥзƵϷ
ϷˣȫеʮֵĲ˼飬һЩϢʵԡ
󣬸ϸϢִϷ˾Ԭ棬ȥʥݷõϷ˾һϷ
ӦԬ룬ȴʾֻһ򵥵ҳСϷ
ϸϢһϷˡ
Ҳһԭֻһ򵥵ҳСϷǾˡ
ȻûϷҵţһ򵥵ҳСϷȷӦûġ
һ򵥵СϷͲϷ˵



ڶǧʮ ֲսʬ
һ򵥵ҳСϷϷ˵
ȻһСϷǳ֣֮Ϸе˿ֻϷ֮ѡ
֮ԽϷ룬ֻҪһСϷѣûʲôгϿƲκεĲ
ҲΨϷ䵱һ
ֳΪϷһµЦ̸Ϸ˵ʱϷ쿪ЩͿ
Ϸ֮ǷͿʲô
ȻȤһϷ˷ǳ⡣ֻ棬Ϸˣӻ˷ǳ治֪Ӧ˵ǺͿǵԣ
ҳСϷϷ˾ͣĶƳȴûһϷܹг˵ġȻţϾûϷҵټδġԣϷ϶Ʋʲôġ
ʼϷ˵˺֮ھ֮໹һΪϷһҪǵˡȴ˭ֻ֪һ򵥵ҳСϷѣνˡ
ϷһλЦϣѹַչô껹ӣȫ
Ƕˡ

ϷϢ͸¶ȥҪüһ뷨ԵĲûʵ֡
ûʵ֣Ϸ˵УµЦ
ϷԬЩûԤϵġ
ԬԭΪϢһϷ֮࣬׷ΪϷ̾ȻЩɪɪԼһҪϷˡ
ȴ˭֪Ľ
ԬЩΣڿϷ˵֮ҲΪʲôĽ
ΪϷû̸ֻΪģΪֻѣټҳСϷȷûг
ԣγڵ־棬ϷϷ統Ц̸
ϷҪüʱ䣬ҪƳˡ
ʵҲãϷ糰ЦԽףʱüĸоͻԽˬ

ʥ塣
ԬŹ˾صļԱһʥݷ
ԬѾܹΪƽˣصļԱܼտӢԶԵ÷ǳ˷ܺͽš
˺þ֮󣬲ƽһЩ
˫ʽ֮׼õϵݸԬ棬˵ȿвĵطҡ֮ϸĸ˵һЩ
Ԭæ˫ֽӹһлϷˣȻȲĿ
ֲսʬȻһЩֵϷ֣Ԭ桢տӢͼԱǣտʼЩ⡣
Ϸ֮󣬲⡣
˵ϷҪͨװֲлͬĹܣЧİֵĽʬ赲ֵĵ·ϡ
ɹֵĽʬ֮󣬳ɹͨأȻһء
Ԭ桢տӢͼԱ۾Ȳ˵Ϸ᲻гϷԶʹó棬ȤζҲǳǿƵƷ
Ԭ桢տӢͼԱǣȲ¿
Ϸǳϸûʻ˸ϷиָĽʬԼֲָ
ͬĽʬֲͬڹЩʲôͬ϶˷ǳϸ˵
磺һֽ㶹ֲ֡ϲС㶹֡ͼйڡ㶹֡ĹܣԼԡ
԰;áٽ㡢̡۸ȴʱȵȡ
ңֲﵽʮ֮࣬㶹֡տǽסըʳ˻СĢȵȡȵȡ
ֲͬ书ܺԵ㶼Ǹͬġ
߽ʬҲͬŷǳ࣬ͨʬĽʬ·ϽʬŸ˽ʬͰʬʬȵȡȵȡ
ͬĽʬصҲǲͬġ
磬ͰʬصǣͷϵͰʹʹߣͨʬ6.5ƶٶͷͰԱߣʧȥͰͰʬΪͨʬ
ٱʬǳߣƶٶȿ죬ͷԱʧȥͷͬΪͨʬ
Ԭ桢տӢͼԱǣԽԽǾϲԽԽǾ˼ϸһ£ϸֲֹܲͬﵽ49֡
߽ʬҲﵽ26ֱ֮࣬ۻңĿϾӡ
ֹ̾ǣЩֲͬͽʬԵĹܾظȤζԷǳǿ
õģ벻ĹܣС
ȻϷģʽðģʽϷģʽģʽ԰ģʽ
УðģʽĹؿʮ仯ҲǳḻӰ쵽ҹӾصȵȡȵȡ
еϿ꣬Ԭ桢տӢͼԱ˷ܲѣȻڻ˵Ϸǳг
ǣǱϷˡ



ڶǧʮ ˭ȥ˭ϵ
Ԭ桢տӢԺͼԱ˷ܲѣѾֲսʬϷˡ
ϷȤζԺͿԶǳǿ
ȻⲢܱ֤ϷгǳãһֻܵȵϷʽƳ֮гȥ顣
Ͽ֮һЩԼ̫׵ĵطһһ
־һЩϷе⣬ͼԱ˽͹ͨ
Ԭ֤ȥ֮Ͷ뵽ֲսʬз֮Уȡڰ֮áֲսʬʽߡ
Դû飬ʾϣ˫һκ졣

Ϸ˾ȫͶ뵽ˡֲսʬзС
صϢҲϷ磬Ϸе˶Ѿ֪ˣѾϷƣϷ˾ȫзС
ϷԴȻһ۷׷ס
ϷٶȣҲͬ൱Ŀ찡ҵǻЩ棬ƵĵһϷˣ
˵ʵҲǳĺ档һȻΪһϷʲôг
ӹ˾ȫзһҳСϷò˶೤ʱ䣬ʱȻȫˡ
ſɣϷһαЦ̸ôãҲʱиˡ

ϷȫڹעҲڵȴϷʽߡ
һΪϾƵϷǻЩġ
ϷһֵЦҲӦһˡ

֮
ϷٷһϢƣϷ˾зҳϷֲսʬպʽߡ
ϢһܿϷ紫ˡ
Ϸһ鲻ֹ
ʽˡãǿһƵϷһʲôϷɣ
ϾҪʽˣҲ²һֶܹ೤ʱ䣿гЧֻô
ϷΪӣҲߵĻǹܹ¡гЧһ㲨Ͳˡ
繫˵ԼһҳСϷȻ䶯ȻûԼԹ˼ϾϷ֮ģȷ繫ôгЧȻͻģЩҳСϷһƲʲô
֮ܿͻнˣҲнˡĿԴɡ

ϷٷϢϷ˵֪֮⣬ϷǣȻҲܹ֪ͬ
ֻǣΪϷ˾Ӱʵ̫СˣӰ쵽ϷȺʵǷǳޡ
ȷû繫ϢĴ㣬ԼӰȥΪֲսʬơ
뿴һǰϷܷƾԼȤζԺͿԣͬ
һܹġ
ûƣϷ˾ӰʵޣֻмϷңע⵽˼ʽߵģҳϷֲսʬ
ע⵽֮ҲûӣֻǾϷַǳ֡
ֲսʬʲô⡣
ûע⵽Ϸ˾ҪƳҳϷֲսʬʲôϷ
Ϸ˾û˵ʲôֲսʬȥƺе˼
УֻϷ˾ȡģôһְֵˡĿľΪҵĺ棬ӶôȥϷʵʲô˼ҳϷô࣬ʲôģ
˵ҲǣҳϷûкġϣϷܹһЩҫзɹʵǵȲˡ
ҳϷͲˣû˵СϷ˾ƳģǾ͸ûʲôͷˣʲôֲսʬֻǿֵ˰ˣ˭ȥ˭ϵ
ҿҲǣ˭ȥ˭ϵҷǲϵġ
Ҳϵ

ֲսʬʽߵϢûϷ֮ɲ˵˵ұ٣Щ˵˵ңûʲôȤȥ档
ΨкһЩЩȤȥһ¡

ʡǣϷ˾
ܼտӢε˵ԬܣӰ̫СˣңǺѳһǧˡҪҪϷƵذթӳȥ
Ԭû繫ϷƵ˼Ը⹫϶ĳġôҲҪ͸¶ڲ͸¶ȻܻӰ졣
տӢԵͷ˵Ԭܣܹ⡣ֻǣһϷǺѳɼ
ԬȻԸ繫ϷƵģ˵ϷûӰƣҲһܹȡòĳɼҪ
տӢԻ˵ͷ˵ãǵȷҪ



ڶǧʮ Ϸʼ
պ󣬡ֲսʬʽߡ
Ϸ˾еˣȫǳŵĹעصݣҪݣʺעۻ½Լͬʱȡ
ϷҲͬڹעҲа취õصݣȻûϷ׼ȷݻǲġ
Ȼǳ˹ע֮⣬ԡֲսʬϷΪĺ档
Ϸˣȫ½ˡֲսʬϷ棬˻עᣬ׼һ¡
⵹ΪϷ˲ٵݡ
Ϸ֮⣬ʱϷȴ٣ֻкһұһ¡
㲻棬Ҳǵһʱѡ˵Ǹ¶
½Ϸҳ棬ȿҳ棬ϷǡֲսʬϷǸɫĿͨ͵ֲұǸĿΪɫĿĸֽʬȥЩֲƺֲ
ԣ߶ڽʬƣһģܹ˸еġֲһǿҵΣУֲڹڿֲõС߿ˡ
ҳ滹Ϊ˵ģٱЩϷǰһое˼ӡ
·ǡʼķǲʼϷ档
Ҫעһ˻һɫ˵Ѿᳵ·ע˻Ϸ
Ȼϸ۲Ϸ棬ڶϷһ֪
Ҫм飬ֱǡɾ͡ðģʽϷѡ
۲һ֮Ǽȫȵ㿪ˡ棬Ҫ֪ϷӦô棿ȻǴ˵ġ
ˡ֮󣬽ϳһҳֽֽ֣ǰݡ
ֻǣдŤŤȥһСѧдһдúܲСѧڻܹϵó
Ϸһ²ۣġǡ桱
²۹ȥݣֲսʬʬֵʱʲô¶ҪʬķʱӮˡ
ֽϵݣ·һС֣ͬŤŤΰǽʬ͸ġ
İݣ֪ɶ˼ʬֵʱʲôҪʬ뷿֮Ӯˣ
ôɶ˼
ʱŷ֣ҳ治дá桱ݸǡ桱˿˰֮ȫ֪дɶ֪ϷҪô棿
ֲսʬҲǿȺˡ
Ȼһ²ۣ²֮࣬Ϸ˸Ȥ
֪Ӧô棬ǰɣǻƫƫҪ档
»صϷ棬Ȼ˰֮ãҲͲٿʲôˣǴֱӿ档
ǶϷˣֻҪ΢оһ£ܹ֪ϷӦôˣ
˵ˡðģʽ˵ˡϷ
ˡϷңյϵͳʾδðģʽѽϷģʽ
ðɣʼֻܹѡðģʽˡ
ȫ㿪ˡðģʽȳֵĻһͥԺͥԺǰһƬյأȻϵͳʾʾķӡ
󣬻ƣڿյصһ··վһȺĽʬһŴ죬εӣȥǳĶģЩֲ
󣬻ص֮ǰͥԺʬˣʾϷʽʼ
üͷ壬۲Ϸ棬ʱڽϽǣͼ꣬һЩǿֲͨͲͼ½Ǳעš100
һͼһ̫ģͬһ֣ʾ50
˼Ӧʱ򣿽ϷƮһ⣬ϵͳʾռ⡱
һ㣬ⵯϽǵͼȻʾֱΪˡ100
ʱϵͳµʾʾҿԽϽǵĿֲͨͲֲͥԺĿյϡ
ȻϵͳʾǾˡ
ֲͨͲֲյ֮󣬿յ̳˺ͼһֲͲȥЩһ꿨ͨ͵㶹
ֲ㶹Ͳ֮ҷͼ֡100Ϊˡ0㶹ͲͼҲ㰵ˡ
ʱһƮһ㣬ͼֱΪˡ50
ôһ¶
ԭֵ൱ϷĽңڹװ㶹ͲԾװ
Ҫϵռ⣬ԹװϷƮ䣬һֵ50һ㶹Ͳļ۸ǡ100
ԭ㶹Ͳ½ǡ100ıעָ۸
ʱһֻʬͻȻĻҷһ߷Щ׵һ߻ǰƶ
ʬͻȻ֣ﶼһһ
ֲȫ֮ǰİݣʬֵʱʲô¶ҪʬķʱӮˡ
֮ǰҶΰȫͷԣڣѾЩˡ
ëʲô¶ҪôӦҪֹʬֲŶԡ
Ҳѹְݵ½һС֣ΰǽʬ͸ġ
İݻǡе˼



ڶǧʮ ͣ
Ѿף֮ǰİݣȫǿǵġ
ʲôȵʬǵķ֮Ǿˡ
Ҫβֹʬ֣ȫ˼⣬ʱ֮ǰֲյϵ㶹ͲͻȻԼӵ
ӵֱ߷ɳȥڽʬϣ˼ӵֵ֮Ľʬڵ˵ϣʧ
ʬˣȫĵһ㻹˵ղŵĽʬһƽʱǻеš
ҪǽʬЩĺͿֲһƽ˾Щס
㶹ͲܿһƽĽʬ
ܿ죬һֻʬˣȻһֻֻʬͬʱˣͻȻоˡ
ʱ򣬴Ѿˣ㶹Ͳʬͨռܹµ㶹Ͳˡ
ǸϽֹ˼㶹Ͳڵϣȥ֮㶹Ͳ³ӵ
㶹Ͳͬʱ³ӵǽֵļֻʬȫˡ
һǽţϵͳʾһ󲨽ʬϮ
һ󲨽ʬŵǸϽ˼㶹Ͳ
գ㶹Ͳɹһ󲨽ʬһСͨء
֮ͨǻһµװտ
ɹͨ˵һС֮Ҳˡֲսʬ˼Ҫøֲָװȥֹʬ֡
ɹֹ˽ʬ֣˳ͨءûгɹֹʬ֣ýʬԼķӣͨʧܣͷ
ڵװֻ㶹ͲԼһ֮ͨõװտ
ˡֲսʬ˼ֳɹһͨصḶ́Ƿ֣Ϸƺе˼
ЩȲҪһء
Ǿͼ
»õװտʲôãǺܿ͸ˣԭ⣬ֻϷƮ⣬ȻԶԶģҪֲտͨտС
ϼտϼ㶹ͲʬٴֵʱѾôˣĴӦԡ
գڶسɹͨأջһµװӣը
ǵȤŨȲĿʼء
»õװӣըĹҲˣȥ֮ܿͻᷢըֱڼֻʬǰȻһըֻʬͬʱ𣬷ǳˬ
˳ͨأֻµװǽһʱڣ赲ʬǰúڵ㹻ʱʬ
ǸоԽԽ˼ˣѾЩͣˡ
һһأÿһͨأܹһµװס֡ʳ˻˫ǹ㶹ȵȡ
ÿһװú͹ܸͬǾϲϣʬķԽԽࡣ
ȻϷѶҲԽԽЩʱ򾡹ǣ뾡һа취ֹʬ֣ջûֹɹýʬ˷ӡ
һëȻĲҺͨʧܣֻܴͷ
ͨʧܣëȻĲҺ֮иѹԼԸʧܵĶ־顣
ûԸëȻĲҺ
ʧܣɹͨصʱǸ࣬Ⱥɹͨ˵ʮأ˵ʮһֲװ
һؿʼʱϵͳʾѡսֲ
֮ǰûѡģͻȻôһѡоһ֮ˡ
ԭһֻѡ10ֲװһ11ֲװǾҪ11ֲװУѡ10֡
͸˼ˡ
ףźĹѶԽԽֲװѡ񣬶ܷ˳ͨأҪá
ΪͬĽʬ࣬ص͹ʽǲһġ
ôҪݽʬĲͬȷѡܹƵֲװ
ȻǺͨʧܵġ
ͷǳ˼ˡ
ԽԽȤԽԽԣѾͣˡ
ԭƻģһ֮󣬾ȥϱһĸܣʱҲȫˡ
͵һֲսʬʽһСʱ֮ȻûйڡֲսʬκηӦ
ǰЩҳϷ֮һСʱ֮ڣ϶ٶһЩӦġ
ΪһϷߣܹһЩȥģܶ٣һС
Щȥǣ֮󶼻ϣһЩԼĸܡ
ÿһߵҳϷС
ڣһСʱȥˣڡֲսʬûκεķӦ
ʲô
ƺֻһҲѲ²⣬Ǿǡֲսʬʵ̫ˡ
浽ЩңϱһԼܵȤûˡ
Դˣǳź̾Ϣһ֮⣬һЩһ룬Ȼ˭ȥ˭ϵûȥ档Ȼľϵˡ



ڶǧʮ Ϸ
ͣϷЩˣ˼֮ɵüͷ
ΪǷ֣Ϸƺе˼˵еаǻһ¹ء
һһأЩͣ˼
ɷϣϷĴǳãѸֲܲͬװͨҵĵãֹʬ֡
ϾƵƷҶԴ˲е֡
Ҫ˵Ϸжô޵Уô˸еޣƺҲá
Ϊܹˣͣһأͣͣ
Ϸüͷ벻⡣
ôôоϷЩа
ȷЩа㲻϶ôޣҲǴöѣȴƫƫ˲ͣȥ㲻ס
ƵϷа˿ס
ʵҲصģôаҲվֻһ򵥵ҳϷѣƲʲôˡ
ûпֻĸоЩδػĸоңĸоҲпֻܽڿʼ׶ĸоϾͼϼ֮Ӧþͻˡ
ȷˣڿʼ׶ͼʸУҲҲˡ
ȻɷϵǣƵϷѰϷͬ
ûʲôֵģǱϾ


ʡǣϷ˾
Ԭ͹˾Աǣһֱڹ۲Ϸݡ
صԬԱǿЩֻ֣˵ߵϷȣЩ
˻ע
ϷߵǰעΪ2456ˣһСʱ֮עΪ2566ˡ
Ҳ˵һСʱ֮עǰעģ֮ûʲôעˣЩġ
ͬʱ
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һ˵һߵҳϷǰһСʱʱͬʱǺߺ͵ģܳȶ
ΪܶҶǱһµ̬ȣ¾Ͳˣµֲˡ
ͬʱȻͺߺˡ
ңҪǣͬʱҪԶԶעġ
ڡֲսʬݣͬʱֻע΢һ㣬ҳȶһСʱ
˵ʲô
ԣ˵֮ңûߣһֱ棬ѾһСʱˡ
Ƿģȴһ˾ϲķ
ԣԬԱȫϲѣȻ2400˵ͬʱʵǲôؼעôһ㣬ͱΪһΪţƵˡ
ܼտӢ˷ܵ˵ԬܣڵݱԤڵĻҪã˵Ϸķǳˡȵȥ֮ͬʱԻͻҳϷ¸ߡңǻҪ߳١
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һһأһСʱ֮ʱͣ
ͣһʱ䣬ȫ΢΢һôȥһСʱˣоûð
ŸоϷһЩͣˣ֪һСʱˡ
ǲһҪ飬ǻûϷĸء
֪һҺ٣ôϷø棬Ȼ൱źġ
ϣڡֲսʬݷǳ١ЩеݣҲ˵ֲսʬȻǳ棬ЩܵȤûС
пһ䣬ôⲻܵȤûУΪϷ̫ˣһûͣ¶ˡ
һ߶һ߷ɿĴ֡
ǸǸڲϹڡֲսʬܣʵΪϷ̫ˣһûͣŵˡ
ȷ֪ôˣоûƵġϷֲ뽩ʬ֮ĴսϷû˵Ҳ֪˭ƵϷⴴֱ޵ˡ
ֲսʬһͣûǣǿһҪȥ档Ȼ̫źˡ

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ļٵģ
ǺЩɣòϷ˾ˮɣ
ˮΪԼƣֻ߹ˣʵһǳ顣
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ǣһң½ˡֲսʬϷҳ档
̨ʺעݣڳһСʱ֮ӭ˱̶̵ʱ֮ڣ˻ע
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յĽҲһģҲͣˡ
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벻ףҲȥףϷܹǣˡ
ȻҲûȥһԼĸܡ
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ȷĸоеа

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ôìô
֮ǰǿ϶ֻỳϷ˾ˮ֪ˣЩˮ
ӣʣµȫȤҪȥһǿаϷ
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֮ǰҳϷͬʱļ¼56745ˣȴֱ˽ʮ
ȻԬԱֲ֪սʬͬʱһܹͻȻ¼ܹﵽһ˷ǳڴ֡
󵨵뷨Ҳܹͻ10
ȻڣֱӴﵽ45ͬʱߣң⻹ǳԵĲݡ
ģ
ԬԱȫţʯ

ԬԱʯϷҲͬʯ𾪣ҪԶԬԱǸǿҡ
һҳϷݣȻܹ˵𾪡
⻹ҳϷ
Ҫǣ벻סֲսʬΪʲôܹȡݣ
֮ǰֵģ֡аȷǴڵġ
ңڴ˵ڡ
ҲֻˣܹΪʲô𾪵ݡ
ôֻˣֲսʬΪʲô˵а
Ϸ˻벻ףа飬ʮҪŪ׵Ϊʲô
ǣϷ˾һͬľǾٿһֻᣬϸֲ֡սʬΪʲôȡ𾪵ݣ
֮ǰǷǳεķ֣ǱϷˡ
֮ǰЦϷһ£Ϊ쿪ڴϷϢ֮ǶȻΪϷȻһЦ
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ֻһҳϷʱǶƵҳϷϷƫƫΪƵҳϷһ㡣
еЩһεǵ۹жԶԶϷģϷҲֻʹεĽܡ
ǿҵĽһҳϷܹĳɼӰɽǳĴ
ңڵĳɼֻ»ԶԶյĳɼΪڲʱѾĳɼķչǱɻܴ
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Ϸ˾ԬеԱǣѾʯлعǰδеĿϲ
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ָо̫ˬˣ
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Ԭ˷ּܶͨĵ绰֪һжϷġ
ԣʱʵʱݸ
ܿ죬绰ͨˡ
֮Ԭ˵绰ʱƺԵñ֮ǰӵ˷뼤
ܼտӢЩɻ˵Ԭܣѵ˵ʲôΪʲôоӼˡ
ԬŬƽһԼ˵˵ڵݻֻһʼԺ󣬡ֲսʬܹȡõݣڵʮϰٱ
ʮϰٱտӢԺ͹˾Աǣ׵ľˡ
ȫճյ⡭⡭Ӧòܰɣ



ڶǧʮ Ǵ𰸵Ĵ
տӢԺ͹˾Աǣ׵Ĵסˡ
һտӢһЩ˵ԬܣʮϰٱӦòܰĵĻҲǧϷȫеϷңҲֻǧˡÿһϷңǵϷɣ
ԬͷȻˡ˵ˣϷңֻڵЩϷҡ
ɶ˼ôоеƣտӢɻԬܣɶ˼
Ԭĺһ˵˵ǰϷˣпܻǵϷŮǡ
⡭ģտӢЩţϷˣп棿Ϸôħ
ԬҲ÷ǳĲ˼飬˵ġȻ˵ˣǾӦôˡ
˵𣿡տӢ˵ĻǵĺпˡǸʱϷ綼Ի᳹׵𾪣
Ԭͷ˵Ǹʱ򣬾ڣϷ綼Ѿ׵ˡǸʱ治֪һ𾪣ӦѾ˰ɣһȥǹ˾ȷľû֮һ
տӢԵȻûбľˡ

ϣĳȺϵǳõŮ졣
İĵҲÿ˯̫ˣ治֪ʱܹЩʲô
ǰҲģ˿ӻֻܿӡ
ģƼһϷϷͲˡ
ϷʲôϷЩϲʲôϷ𣿲ŲҪأǸġ
ӦòϷɣЩϷһȥһ֪ˣϷֲսʬֱܽȥˡҲǽ˼Ƽҵģھ棬ͦġ
ֲսʬֵǷǳ֣棿ú棿
ţ⻹ҵһϷǰû
ȻˣҲȥһҲġ
ţҲȥһ

ϵڷ֮ǰϷˣΪԭ֪ˡֲսʬôһϷ
ΪĻ߱ʲôԭֶ½ˡֲսʬϷ档
Ǹոյ½ʱʵǲģֻһ
ΪЩ棬⵽һʲôϷ
Ϊʲô棿
ΪƼϷˣƽʱһǲϷģҲϲ棬ֲսʬϷȴƺʮֵжӣϲ棬ǿƼҲȥ档
ô⵽һʲôϷܹƽʱϲϷˣ˵ϲ
Ƽ֮˸еʮֵĺ档
ԣǵ½ˡֲսʬϷҳ档
ǱֻǴһģȻ֮дˣ֮ͳ׵Ķˡ
ҲϲϷЩƼϷһ
ԭһϷܹƽʱϷϲϡ
һĳħϷ
ȻҲе֮󶼻ϲвٵ֮ûʲôоֻǾúİˣһ֮󣬾ҲûȤˡ
Ҳ벻ףΪʲôô˵Ϸһͣ
ڴ˵Ϸȷܹǣ̲סҪȥ

֮ѾԽԽģƽʱϷˣϲ桶ֲսʬв˻ǳԡ
ϷеˣȻ綼ע⵽Ǹеӵ𾪣
Ϸôʲô
ܹЩϷҵҲͰˣôЩ֮ǰϷˣҲˣ
ôҪĽ
Ҫ֪ƽʱϷˣ˵ϲϷˣҪԶԶϷҵġ
ȫʮ˿ڣϷҲֻǧѡ
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һ룬Ϸе˶پֲ˹
ôΪʲô
⼸ʱ䣬Ϸһֱо⣬ȴʼûҵ𰸣ʼ벻ס
ֻܵóһǴ𰸵Ĵ𰸣ǾϷ
ϷƵģԲŻ˵ħ
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ң𰸲ûʲôë
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벻ףȴΪ
ⲻ˵ΪӰϷ˵ħϷħ
Ϊ绹֪Ϸ
Ӧúܿͻ֪ˡ



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ôΪʲô
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е˻Ȼ
ҲȻƵϷôͻȻֶϷȤˣȻƵϷôҲʮˡ
ȷȻ벻еԭ򣬵֪ʮ󡣡
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˵ϷŰݷõǼȻ뵽Űݷ˻ԵҲӦ
ԭƵϷֲܹһͣء

˶飬ֲսʬȶȣֱ֮ǰࡣ

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ʱķչϷֳгԽԽ٣ϷԽԽ࣬һ鵰ԽԽȥһⲻѸҵһ硣
ڡֲսʬߣֳһϵĿ֮
ֲսʬǿϮѸҵʶһ⣬ǾϷҵʵԶԶֻǼǧˡ
Щ֮ǰϷˣֻ˵ƽʱϲϷˣҲϷǱңҲпϷ
еˣǱڵϷңؼͿϷܹܲˣ
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һϷҵ൱Ŀֲˡ
ҲΪʶһ㣬ѸҵžҪӿϷ
ʱǼ䱦ģԽ룬õͻԽ
ңѸҵĿˣЩƽʱϷˣҪƳһֲ͡սʬһܹЩƽʱϷϷ
ֻǣ뷨ãҪƳһϷ̸ף
ֲܹսʬΪʲôܹЩƽʱϷ棬ôϲԭȻܹģ£ѸҵҪҲƳôһϷĿԣܻôһЩ
ƫƫҷԭ޷Ҳ޷ģ¡
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ǣܹٴγ֣һϷֿܡ
ѸҵȻҲܹ뵽һ㣬ԣѸҵ߸ʥ壬׼԰ݷһٴγ֣һϷ
ܿ϶ûȤٳ֣ȻѾһΣǶӦûеϣġ
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Եũׯ߲ˣܹʳ֢߲ζѾ磬ÿ춼粻ͬҵʳ֢Ľ
ҽѧǰԵũׯ߲ˣܹʳ֢һ󣬳֮Ϊ߲˵漣



ڶǧʮ ǰ˷һϷ
ũׯһ߲ԡ
߲˴εĸ߲ˣпЩ߲˿žʳҲѹܹʳ֢Ҳѹֻᱻҽѧǳ֮Ϊ߲˵漣ũׯԶȴ˵иӵ档
΢΢һЦ˵ˣֻϣũׯܹصˣȥʳģǳʱʳ
صܹԵʳҪлˣҿöοͶԼժˣ߲ܵƻ𣿡
ЦũׯӿҵοԼȥժˣοͶѡԼȥժˡǻһջȤСǲᵣ߲⵽ƻһЩ߲˵ĸǿȷǳߣǿοǲժ߲ˣ˲ǣǶƻοڲժͬʱҲʮԾע⣬ȥ˺ĸʵԣԸοԼȥժˣȤСȻοͲȥժĻһԵĹԱæ
ͷԭˣժ˵ȷһȤУǶڳο˵
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ڸȻͬȴһļܡ
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״ЦЦҲͬһĴָ
һ߳ԻƹһǰߣȥȷЩ̫Źۣȴں
ƹϳ꣬Ц㻹˵ժµĻƹϣоԷժµЩͬ
֮ǰȻûԵũׯ˵ҪԵԵũׯʳģȻһǳ򵥵顣
֮ǰҲԹԵũׯĻƹϣԣоƺûиոյĺá
ȻֻһĴִ˵ȴǷǳ
ЦԴοͶԸԼȥժˡ
ͷȷˡ
߲һǰߣһ˵ϡ
˵ΪƵϷֲսʬӰ֮ѸҵžٽϷ򡣱ԭļƻУҪһʱ֮󣬲ŻϷġ
Һҡ
ӦǸмŶԣʶˣϷгʵԶ֮ǰΪĸ󡣶ңҪöࡣ
ϷгȷСңһǴϷ¡һЩСϷҪԶԶЩϷ
ͷȷˣǡֲսʬѾԶԶˣǼϷϷ磬Ӧ˵иˣ֮ǰûʶ⡣ôʶ⡣
ڰ֣˵֪ϷҪƳһϷҪƳһܻиҵСϷ
ܻиϷҵСϷҲǰݷ⣬ҪѸҵ֪ûУһϷȤ
˵֮⣬ҲЩ˵ˣһνϷܷɹȫʱǵͷҡͷˣ
ŶȻˡһЦʼʱͲµ⡣
ܾ
ҫֲ͡սʬȫϷ㽫ģǰľϷ硣
ѸҵµҪƷQD칤ͻȻһǰ˴ϱģһģ⾭ӪϷ
ǿϷӪʢʱڣΪȻ˰ҹ𴲵ӣν
ǰѿϷ൱Ȥ
ͻȻ֮ʮֵڴ

Ӧö֪һϷˣ֮ǰûѽ



ڶǧʮ 㡰͵ˡ
뵽ǰǿҷϷһʱ֮û˵
һԵػ˼֣ʱͷѸҵһνϷļƻǾҪʱĸǳˡ
ƵϷʵǲðȻϷһлǵðԭƻ
ңǰԭƻܹȡõĳɼҲȻԶԶܹһϷȡ
ԣҲ
û̫ã΢΢һЦ˵µĲƷQD칤ߣĿǰжû
̫ΪʲôĻشĿǰQDʺŵעѾ20ڡǵЩͬʱעǶʺšԣԤʵʵû17ҡ
17ڣͷĲ࣬ǰûҪöˡ
Ͼ˿Ҫöࡣ
ûô࣬ǿϷĻػǰӵķ
QD칤ߣһQDռ书ܣֻǿռûκϷйصĶ
˵ҪΪһܹ˳ϷϷ𣿡
һͻæ˵ңңѸҵȷҪᣬʲôǶӦȻ֪ĲƸѸҵԶԶܹᲢ۵ġѸҵͳ⣬æ
ͷ˵ԣҸոյȷ뵽һϷǳʺϹҵȥӪյӰԶԶֲսʬ
ϲȻ˵ˣǽ¶Ƕˡ
ӰԶԶֲսʬǱ˵⻰ֻᵱڴţƣ˵Ųɡ
ӰԶֲսʬ뵽һ㣬ҲһƬȣЩƲס˷ܵ˵⡭̫ˣл
΢΢һЦҪ˵ʲô˵ʼղܹģ˵ϷӪ棬ֳɡ
ãͰ˵Ķϲ˵¶Ķˡ
˶Ц˵֪˵ǿϷʲôӵģԴµĺ˵һ˵𣿡
ָָǰ಻߲˵Щ߲йء
߲ˣ뵽ˡֲսʬеģЩ߲˺ֲװڡֲսʬϷɣ
룬ͬʱ֪ӦòơֲսʬϷ
Ϊ֪ܻƵϷ
ô߲йصֻʲôϷ֪Լ벻ףҲͲˣ˵߲йأ
ͷȷ߲йأǡֲսʬġ߲֮⣬Ĺ԰ȵйءԣȷе˵ũׯйء
ũׯйأɻεҡҡͷЦֻ鷳˵øЩˣȻĲ⡣
ЦҵУһģ⾭ӪϷ˵Ϸũׯ˵ũΪÿһҶһԼũȻһũӪߵĽɫӦ̵깺ӣȻ֡ˮʩʡݡջʵȵȣѹ۸гýǮҲȤζԵģ̣ԼũľӪ󣬷ǳҪģһϷҪQDQDܹ֮໥ͷʱ˴˵ũԷũ߲ˡʵˣȴûмʱջԵԷũȥ͵ȡȻҲ԰ԷũɨʩʵȵȣԼһĽ
һ׼ƳϷǰ˴ϱΪ֮Q~Qũ
ǰϷһá͵ˡһʣΪ˾߶ʡ
Ϊ˼ʱջԼĹʵԷֹ͵ȥܶ˰ҹ𴲵ӣֻΪʱĽĹʵȡԿԳ֮Ϊ
⣬ҲвΪ͵˵Ĳˣҹ򿪵ԣЩˣʵǸе޷⣬ƫƫ˻ǳࡣ
һΪ֮ԵϷ֪ȺӰԶֲսʬ
ڣǿϷ磬֪ǣ᲻ҹ
ǿ϶˵ģңǳࡣ
͵ˡҲУʱݾͻɣ
ũĲɶʱ죿ȥ͵һ㡣
ҲЩһ͵˵ٶҲ̫˰ɣôһֱڵһʱջ񣬶͵ȥ˲١
û͵˰ջΣ

ȻǳȤֳЦ⡣



ڶǧʮ ϷԵũ
ֳЦ⣬û˵
Ϊ֪Ҫʱúõ˼һո˵Ļ
ȷһ˼ģ˼ո˵ЩϷЩ
ģ⾭ӪϷũҰũӪߵĽɫӦ̵깺ӣȻ֡ˮʩʡݡջʵQDQD֮໥ʱ˴˵ũܹѵũ͵ȡѾ˵Ĳ˺͹ʵ
Ϣ̫ˣҪ˼Ҳżǿǰ߲ƺҲԼ顣
˵ݣȫˣҲӦûǳȤúܶϲǰ߲οͣԸԼȥժһ
ǣϷƳ֪֮ȺӰĻԶֲսʬȷ޷жϡ
Լ޷жϣȴûл˵
֪۹ԶԶܹᲢۣ˵֪ȺӰԶֲսʬȻͻԶֻ۹⣬ˡ
ȻҲȥ룬ֻҪͶˣȻ̲ס˷ܣ˵һϷֽʲô
ոҲ⣬ǰQ~QũȻٽˡ
ȻԵũׯǾͽԵũɡ
˵ҰԵũ
ԵũһξϲѣȻˡԵ֡
ڣԵѾΪ֪ı־ҵҪΪԼĲƷϡԵ֣û˸ô
ңԵũ͡Եũׯֻһ֣ƾϷǶҪϱ
Ȼ֪ǲϷϷҲܹϱ
˼ιũׯ̸ˣԱ֮ǰá
ʱԵ¥˷
Թ⣬Լ˼ңҪԵũϷİϷ桢ֹܵȵȣһӵĹ
֮ǰֻǼ򵥵ĸһ£Ҫ飬ǳࡣ
ũׯ죬Ѹҵ³ϷзԱҪֱӺͼԱͨϷз顣

ڶ졣
˹ԵũϷİѸҵϷзļԱҲѾ˹
˫档
һһλԱܣһڼԱҲ֪ʱǼģǴ˵е
ǲ˷ܡš˺һ֮󣬲ƽһЩ顣
֮ʽԱ˵Ϸصݡ
Сʱ֮˫Ľͨȫˡ
Ա֤ϷһܹȫﵽҪ󣬲һᾡŬ̵ʱڣϷзɹ
ʾڴڴֹڡ͵ˡ
֮һڼԱ뿪
صضڣĩҲڡ
Щеʵ򣬶̸𣿡Եũʲôʱܹʽ߰
֮ǰڼﴴڡԵũϷİʱѾͷ඼ԱߣԵũɫ͹ܣνѾΪϤˡ
ҲΪˣѾͷԡԵũ˺ܴȤΪҪȡֲսʬˡ
ڡԵũʽߣʮڴ
ҲˣزŻһЩеķʣҲڴɫ
ЦѾͷЩȲѸҵǱ߻ȫзһ֮󣬾Ϳʽˡ
һڣضʮֵϲϣʱ̡
˵˵Ϸܹҹ𴲣᲻̫һ㣿
ҡͷȻЩ⣬һ㶼ţһ˵ġң١Ѿͷпܻ
顰Сһ˵ȻǵȷǳȤҹ𴲣Ҳ̫һɣ
Ҳ͵ǣǲŲܻҹء
Ŷ𣿡ЦɲһڿɲҪѻ˵̫Ŷ
顢ͬʱŲء
𣿡ЦЦҲѾͷʱѾͷ֪ˡ
ѾͷпܻڰҹģΪѾͷļΪȤ

ͼԱǣͣĸϻѸҵܲ
Աûĵ飬ֱӾͿʼ˶ԡԵũз
ٿӪ飬ҪǣӦѸҵʽϷԴﵽЧ
óĽûн
ΪֻҪѸҵ˺ϷԵũϢһ
ǾͲҪκεĹİˣǶġ



ڶǧʮ úã
һеĹİǶġ
գѸҵֱѸҵѾ˺ֲ̡սʬֽ֮ƳһȫµϷԵũϷѸҵзӪԤƽһ֮ʽߡ
⣬ڹУѸҵ˵ˣԵũQDQDűϷʺţעϷʺšϷQDռ
ϢһԼٶȴ磬Ϊ¼ռ˸վͷͷ
йصţܹڵһʱΪԵĽ㣬Ӱ
ԣһеĹİǶġ
ȻѸҵӰҲǳֻǲܹӰᲢ۰ˡ
ԣϵĺĽǣֽƳһµϷĽǣѸҵϷ
ЩΡ
εͬʱʮֵĵԺܹ˭һʮֵõԺ顣
ƳϷԵũ˶顣
ƳµϷˣҪϷǡ൱˷ܣ
ԵũԵũׯϷ֣ȻԵũׯֻһ֡ƾ֣ҾͿԤϷҪ𡣡
ⲻϻ㲻֣ϷҲȻǣϷΪʲôҪԵũѵԵũׯʲôϵ
Ӧйϵģ־һ֣˵ûϵҲûŰؼǣʲôĹϵԵũһʲôϷ
Ͳ֪ˣֻеȵϷʽܹ֮ס
ѸҵҪϷ˰˵ڵϷгѾǳˣѸҵҲ̲סҪȥһ
ͨϷĵһǹúðһǹЧԾ춯أ
ⲻϻ֮ǰϷΪֲսʬ׳ϷƳֲսʬ֮Ҹ֪ƷڣѾ֪ԵũϷѸҵӰҲǳǰ£Ѹҵһǹ벻춯ضܡ
˵˼ĺð
ңϷQDҪעϷʺţƾһ㣬ϷҪʵ̫ˣQDûֽʮڣ˾ͷƤ顣
ȻҪĻϷ֣֮ϷãQDûٶ࣬ٷҲǰ״
ⲻϻ𣬴֮ڴԭ򣬶ΪϷĸƽ̨ⲢҪ
֮ڴһ֮󣬡Եũʽ߰ɡʱ򣬹ڡԵũɴȻ


Ϸͬ鲻ֹ
ҲҪϷ˵Ȼһõ顣ΪһԻʹϷгӵĻ𱬣ǵĻͻҲ͸ˡ
ԵũȷӦúԵũׯеĹϵֻʵ벻ף⵽׻һʲôϷ
벻׾Ͷˣ뷨ЩܹͨĦģ
ѸҵҲҪϷˣ˵Ǻ£Ҳǻ¡һԿ϶ϷԽԽˡ
һεϷҲǴ͵ϷӣƺԷǴϷжӡ
ˣǴϷֻҪϷƵĺãҪϷģĴϷлʶһ㡣
ڶԡԵũʮֵĺڴϣѸҵܹߡѸľͷҵзӦúܿİɡ
ȷ൱ڴ


⣬ѸҵϷһ£Ҳͬø۲ѣֻȶԶûƳϷô߰ˡ
ȻϷͬʱҲᵽѸҵᵽΪѸҵϷһ£˲ȶȡ
ҶѸҵϷһ£ձ鿴á
û취ѸҵԵũƵģѸҵϷ򲻿ܲɹ
ѸҵûƳĵһϷзģǿ϶ͻзǳ˲ˡ
ѸҵȻǾͷҵʵǳǿϷҲ˵ܹġ
ڣѸҵϷɹʵѾ϶һЩҲϷľͷ˾Ľѡ
ҲҲһϷֻϧѸҵһ
˵վǵķӦѸҵһģֻһ̾



ڶǧʮ Ϸũ
˶ϷԵũڴаģ֮ǰϷģʮϲ桶ֲսʬϷǡ
ΪֲսʬԭЩ֮ǰϷģϷǷˣϷͦġ
ȻֻǾáֲսʬ棬ЩϷȻûʲôȤҲȥ档
ֻ˵ֻƵϷȤ
ԣƳϷԵũͬڴЩϷǸڴ
ΪֻƵϷȤûϷѡ

ʱ˵ڴһȥڵһ֮
ѸҵϷзļԱǣһʱ䣬ԼյĲзڽϷȫɡ
Ϸļϴ÷֮Ѹҵ顣
֮ͨѸҵڷһٷԤ棺Եũ10ʽӪǿͨQDţQDռ䣬ռϷ顣Ϸ滹ֻһϷǡԵũǿֱӿͨϷȻͿԿʼˡ
Ԥһ˻ȸԾһڣǵȵˡ
Ȼеţ10㵽
ʱֵ˵ڶ죬9룬롶Եũʽ߻аСʱʱ䡣
˵㿪QD½ߣ½ԼQDš
Ѹҵĺ̨ʾʱΣQDߵû2ҡ
ڣQDߵûѾ5ڣһڲϵС
ԣʱQDߵûΪˡԵũ
ڵȴԵũߵˣﵽ֮ࡣ
һ˾ÿֲ֣Ҳһ˸пǧ֣ӰˣΨһˡ
Ϸ֮࣬ôϷ˾ζҪЦѡ
Ȼǲܵġ
ȻϷҲǧ֮࣬ѾһʮӴˡ
˶ڵȴʱ߹30ӡ
ʱ10
˴ļڴQDռ䣬ȻһǳԵλãϷ顣
Ϸ飬ֻһϷǡԵũ
һνϷҪȽϷ˶ԥֱӵ˿ʼء
ò˵ѸҵķһϾĿ顣
ѸҵѾǰԤϵ˻ȫ׼ס˿顣
̻ǼգѸҵصļԱģʼնǵɤϵġ
ڳһ
ϷϣڿʽʼˣȫȲĵ˿ʼ
Ϸ档
ӳһƬɫ˵۾ǳһƬɫ
һĿĸоǳġ
Ȼ߾۽ԶһƬȺɽɽ屻ɫֲǣֲɽ֮䡣
Ϸεƶ䣬һƵĳ
ԽһЩһƬũũϡֲһЩũ
ٽһЩһƬĲݵأݵռϷ泬֮
ڲݵضһéݣõģȥЩᡣ
éݵǰһƬأسʹĳΣܳаСݡ
һƬռ˲ݵصĴ󲿷ҲϷģ۵
سϷбƣڶϷһˣһˮ
һƬأֱƽΪСأΪУһʮĿСء
ÿһС϶ɫֲǣΨǷزͬسɫ渲ŵɫֲҿһ
УԵǿصһϣһľӣдš֡
ĥһ֮ʲô˼
ԭɫأ൱ѾѳأʣµЩɫֲǵأ൱ڻûпѳء
ӦÿԵľӣѳء
Ϊ֤е뷨һЩҲ꣬ˡľӡ
ȻõͳʾҪȼ5ͽ10000ԲĵȼͽҾ
ԭػеȼҪԼҪ֧һĽҡ
ϵͳʾ֮Ǹֶ룬ȻˣǶټжٽң
ЩϢʾ
һ룬һϷѰңʾλòѰңǺ׵ľҵˡ
ʾλϷϽǣ൱ЩɫϷĽɫϢͳϷǶǳϤµĥһ֮Ҳܹס
ɫϢߣʾҵͷеҶˣʾͷԼQDŵͷ
ȻͷʾĽɫ֣ɫԼQDŵǳͬ
Ǿֵȼн
еҶԼĵȼʾΪ0ԭڻ0ҪһµأҪ5С
ҪβܹȫǾҪǰľֵﵽҪ󣬶ŵȼĲҪľֵҲ᲻ߡ
ھֵ·ʾľǽˡ
еǶԼĽΪ1000Ӧϵͳ͵ĳʼҡ
1000ضˣʾһʶĲƸ
ӣ׬ǮСȫ롣



ڶǧʮ ʱ
Ҫ취׬ǮǼȥϷϵܡ
Ϸ·һŹܰťֱǣءˮ桢ݡջȫա䡣
Щܰť˼ѾЩϷӦôˣ
еֶע⵽ˣϷҷһɵڣдšҵĺѡĸ֡
ܹףϷϷѡ
㿪ҵĺѡҵĺѡ壬ǿѾϷѴˡ
ЩҵϷѶЩЩҵϷҪЩ
ȻϸһǷϷѣԼQDѡ
ϸһ룬ˣԭǿͨϷQDѣΪϷϷѡ
ϷѸݵȼ˳ʾϷѵĵȼǡ0ʾ˳Ϊϵͳ
ôԣѵĵȼԽߣʾͻԽǰ
ǵͻȻЩȣ뵽һԼĵȼߣϷѵġϷѡͻ῿ǰʾһ
Ļ൱QDѵǰװָоӦûǳĲ
ȣȫһΪܹQDǰװƣһҪȼ
ֻǣҪβܹȼǸ⣬Ҫúõоһ
Ҫо⣬һǰᣬǾҪ׵ŪףϷӦô棿
ϷеĹܺ壬ϸĿһ飬ٸصϷ˵еǶŪˣϷӦô棿
ԭԼũľӪߣýȥ̵ﹺӣȻ֡ˮʩʡݣȻ󿪻ȵʵ֮󣬾Ϳջˡ
ջ񵽵Ĺʵõгȥۣ׬ȡҺ;顣
ˣࡢӣԽջ֮׬ȡĽҾͻԽ࣬Ȼֿӣ׬ȡĽңһѭһԽ׬Խࡣ
ȼҲΨһȼݡҲ˵ҪȼҪ׬ȡ㹻ľ顣
Ҫ׬ȡҺ;飬Լֲ֮⣬ķ
磬ΪԼΪϷѵũݡʩʡˮȵȣֻϷѵũׯȥ͵ȡѾ˵Ĺʵȵȡ
ʽǳĶࡣ
ŪϷ淨һ˷ܣʵУͻȻһũһ
ңԵũ֣뵽Եũׯ͸˷ˡ
Եũׯׯ԰ζʳģйصĻׯ޵ִ˵ĿеʥأҲĿ԰
ڣҲӵԼԵũֲˣǿֵľԵũׯЩζʳġ
β˷ܣ
ôڲֲ˸ʱ
ǣеҶ˷ڴ飬㿪̵꣬׼һӣʼһֲ
̵ӷǳ࣬Ŀģ߲ӣˮӶУ󲿷ǶҲһЩǲû
ÿһӶм۸͵ȼףڵϷȼ0ôʱֻܹ0ӡ
˸߼ӣҲֲˡ
Ȼֻϵͳʼ1000ңҲֻܹ0ӡ
Ϊ0ӱˣֻ0ӡ
0֣ܲܲݡ
ܲҪһЩҪһЩԣѡĶǺܲӡ

һأǾ͹ӣһҪ978ҡ
1000һʣ22ңһ̾
ڹӵʱϢﻹʾǳϢʱ䡢ջ顢Ԥ롢ֲȼ͡ԤƲʵۼ۵ȵȡ
Ȼ󣬺ܲĳʱ13Сʱ
13СʱǶʱȽ⣬Ҳ֪13Сʱʵеʱ13СʱϷеʱ13Сʱ
ʵʱ13Сʱʱе㳤ˣ13СʱܹջҪȵϵ11ȥˣ
Ӧòõôʱɣ
Ϸʱ13СʱĿҪЩǶΪ
ֻǲ֪ϷʱõģϷʱ1Сʱ൱ʵʱĶ೤ʱ䣿
֪һ㣬ǾܹϷʱ13СʱʵʱǶã
һʮҪ⡣
Ϊֻ֪˾ĳʱ䣬ǲܹ׼ʱղˡ
Ǿȥ֮һҪ
󣬻һϢǺģǾʾǡһ
ĥһ֮ˣͱʾֻܲջһΣջһ֮Ϳήˣֲֵ
һŪ֮˳̵ϵͳڱҵոչĺܲӣȻԥֱӽֵ˵
Ӹպء
ȥܹ֮ǳԵģϿոȥӡ
ָϣᵯһЩӵϢ
УϢǣӣ1Сʱ59ַѿ
Դˣܹף϶ҪȷѿģȻܹ󿪻
Сʱ֮ѿҲܲʱ13СʱСʱʱ䷢ѿ
ؼǣСʱ൱ʵеĶ೤ʱ䣿
ǿʼϷѰҴ𰸣Ӧǻд𰸵ġ
ֻǣ5ӵʱȥˣǻûҵ𰸡
Ȼ½ָŵ棬׼ӻʣʱ䷢ѿ
ʵйȥ5ӣ֪Ϸʱȥ˶٣ԼҲܹʱС
ѿʱʾǣӣ1Сʱ54ַѿ
Ҳ
ȫһ㶣Ϸʱ侹ȻҲֻȥ5ӣô˵Ϸʱʵʱһģ
ôܲĳʱ13СʱҪ13Сʱܹ֮ջ



ڶǧʮ ǹ
Ϸеʱʵеʱһģȷһ֮󣬵һӦʱ᲻̫ˣ
11ջܲеѵȰ
û೤ʱ䣬־ƺʱ䳤һҲá
ΪȴջḶ́оʮģУԼڴġ
Ȼˣõȴջʱ䳤һ㣬һȴջĸоȻǷǳġ
ң13СʱĹУȥӻ᲻ϵı仯ӵѿٵСҶӡҶӣ죬ʹȴĹ̲Ȥϣۼһ߲˴ӵọ̈̄ÿ仯һ׶Σܹ˸оջʱֽࡣ
ָоǷǳõġ
⣬ڵȴĹУǻкܶȥϷѵũһ䣬ǶЩɶûѾ˵߲˿͵ֻûвҪûеظҪæˮȵȡ
ţȫ㿪ԼϷ壬Ȼν뵽˺ѵũ
ֻڴֵĲˣǺܲǰܲǳĵһ˾Щź
֪ȵҵĵȼøˣֲ࣬߼߲ˣ˸ѡ֮Ǹʱȥͬѵũֲܹ߲ͬˣǻӵ˼
ֻܿܲͰܲˡ
ÿһѵũǶϣѵĵﳤݣֻظɺԣĻǾͿ԰æݺͽˮ鵽ϷȤֿԼľ飬ֱǷǳˬ
ԣÿѵũвݣظɺ֮ǶϲĻһȻٶȰæݡˮ
ˣǺпܾͱˡ
ÿһαȣǶ̾Ϣһ
źбһһ㿪ѵũöڴʮѵũȫ㿪ˣȻǾδ
ô죿
ܼ򵥣ͷʼٵһ飬Ȼһһ飬ͣĲϵ㿪ѵũִ˲ˣЩͣ
ǰѺѵũ㿪һһ飬Ȼ󽥽뵽ԼиϷѣǾܹũˣ
ũԽ࣬ԼںũջҲࣿ
ںѵũջ࣬ԼľǾͳøˣȻȼҲøˣ
ȼø죬ǾͿԱȺѸأֲߵȼǲܹںǰװˣ
ֱ൱ˬ
ôµĵ֮ӵиϷѡ
ӵиϷѣ
ӸQDѣΪϷѺQDġ
ǣͻȻ˺ܶ࣬QDѣԵũ
˶ͬ˼ܹɵģӵܶQDѡ
ϷбϷԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽϲ
Խ࣬ջͿԽ࣬Ժȼˣܹڸǰװƣֱˬ
һ߹ũһӸĺѣ֪Сʱʱȥˡ
Լũ֮ǰȥĺܲѾ˱仯״̬֮ǰӣΪڵķѿ
״̬Ϊѿ2Сʱ59СҶӣ
ܲڷѿˣʮֵϲȻֶһ׶״̬СҶӳڴ
Ȼһ׶״̬Сʱʱ䣬ȫ˳ϷСʱ֮һͿˡ
ȴ᲻˳ϷǺһֱũԼֲĺֻܲȥѵũһ䡣
ֻǣһֱϷȻǲʵģΪǴ඼ԼĹǻҪҪԼ顣
ôֻѡʱ뿪ũȥԼҪˡ
ǾѾ뿪ũԼȥˣȴʼռǹԼũ
Ҳ֪ԼũﳤûУظɺûУˣظɺˣһѰԼĳĲݣˮ
ǰԼݡˮֻԼǳݡˮϢ¼ģܹõ
ڿܻ֮࣬ȥصϢ¼Լũµ㼣
ԼϲŮԼ˲ݣˮٵ˷ܺð죬Ȼںܳһʱ֮ڣ鶼̵ġ
һԵũոʽûмСʱȴѾǹңò˵һȡֲսʬϷ
˵Ϸ
Ϸе˶ڸпԼҲڸпЩ֮ǰϷΪֲսʬϲϷǡ
ϷȻʧԣӦ˵ڴĸҪõöࡣ
Ȼֻȥ˼Сʱʱ䣬Ѿ׵ϲԼũǷǳԼ˵ôһϷ
ȻڸеǳҵģԶԶֹǣǸµҡ
ԵũĵһϷҡ
Щµǣ˷ܵġ



ڶǧʮ һҪ͵˽е
µ˷ܣΪǵһθܵϷȤ
ң˵ȤѾ׵᲻뿪ǵũˡ
ڹֻ֮࣬æԼ֮࣬ǻ̲סĳ͵͵Ĵ򿪡ԵũϷ棬ֻΪôۡ
ֻҪܹϼۣʲôǶܹܵһּ㡣
ǸоǷǳˬģ
Ȼ˲ֻЩµǣеҶһģæ͵е͵͵Ϸ棬ôۡ
ܹû͵͵ĳһݣֻ߽һˮǾͻеӵ㡣
ȻǿԼֲĺܲ׶ε״̬ɡѿΪˡСҶӡ
֪ܲ糤ʲôǣóѾҶӵȷǺܲʵеĺܲǳ
ҲкܶҲ֪ܲ糤ʲôֻ֪ܲʲôȴûмڵûгĺܲ
ڣǿũĺܲ磬֪ܲԭ⻹ǳ֪ʶˡ
̵ֻܲĿеһ֣ǽָܹģ糤ʲôҲܹ֪ĳĹʵǽڵϵģǽڵµģ
ʵϣںܶ˵ǻ治ĳЩĹʵǽڵϵģǽڵµģ
ʶԵũܹΪռ࣬ũ﷽Ļ֪ʶ
ÿˣܹѧϰһЩ֪ʶȻһջʮϲ
֮ĺ̬ܲСҶӱΪ˴Ҷӣ￴ȥӵı档
ϲǣһ̬ǳˣʱ4Сʱ֮
Ҳ˵ٵ4СʱǾܹջũĵһˡ
ȫ룬13СʱĵȴջĸоӦûǳˬɣ
ԣǶںܲĳ죬ȫڴ
ʱѾ7ӣǶѾ˰࣬ص˼
ȻҲвٵһѧҪǴѧҲһĿλصҡ
ϰ壬ѧԭƻҪȥģԭƻҪȥϰģȥˡ
Ҫ桶ԵũڹѧϰʱʼռǹũҪ档
ڿԷĴ󵨵ˣȻûٳȥĵ
ũĽ棬ڲټǹũˡ
ЩҪ鲻òֻ߻û°ˣ൱ļǹˣǼǹ11ʱ򣬺ܲˣҪʱȡ
һǷֹ͵13СʱҪǱ͵ȥһ֣Ǿ൱Ŀϧˡ
Ҫ֪͵һ֣ԼջʱõҺ;ͻӦ٣ڵȼ൱ġ
ǶϣԼĵȼȺÿ죬ԺźװƣȻǲԼĲ˱͵ߵġ
򣬼ʱȡ֮󣬺ʼһԽһܹԽջһڽҵ͵ȼҲҪġ
ÿζܹȺǿôһЩǽҺ͵ȼٶȣȻͲǺܹȵˣҲװɹˡ
ԣܹĵһʱ佫ʵȫȡһΪҪ顣
еǶҲЩҪ鲻ò߻û°ˣ˼ǹũԭǵ޷ڵһʱȡʵ
Ļ׬ȡҵĲҪЩܹʱȡʵˡ
ļ
ЩǵǲļҲЩԼʱ򣬻ΪһЩԭջĵһʱ䡣
ԣЩҸɴһӣӵʱںܲǰӡ
ʱһ죬Ǿ֪ܲϾҪˣ飬Ҳܹڵһʱϵǰջ׼
˳Ҳȥѵũ͵˵׼ôĺѣܻΪԭ޷ڵһʱȡģ͵˵Ļˡ
͵ö࣬͵٣ֻҪ͵˾׬װ׵ĽҺ;飬ʵˬ
ԣ͵׬ԭǾһҪ͵˽еס
ջʱԽԽȫĥȭպգ׼ջԼ֮⣬ȥѵũ͵һ
ϣҲʱ򽥽ջ͵˵
۹ũֲĵһھҪջˣڵ൱ˬ൱ڴ
һֲʱ䶼࣬ԳʱҲ࣬ƴ10֮ڡ
ܿҪһջˣеСѽ
ҸǣܿҪһȥ͵ˣô̼Ըһ͵ܹ͵һЩ
ԣһҪڵһʱ估ʱջ񣬿ɱ˸͵ȥˡȻܹ͵ȡİٷʮҲ൱ʹ
Ӷúˣһڵһʱջԣһֻȥ͵˵ģ˿͵ҵġ
֮׼ɣϣڼʱջԼͬʱܹ͵һЩѵ
գôףҺˡ




ڶǧʮ ͵͵͵
Ϲջ͵˵ԽԽŨ˶˷ܵš
һӵص۵ʧ
Ϊһ죬ʹһܲʱ䣬ֻʣˣȫ˼˼ĺܲϣ׼ڵһʱȡﻹ˼ۣ
Ϸ·һջĹߣȡõģȫѡջ񹤾ߣָ봦һͼꡣ
ͱʾһ㣬ܹȡˣȫ׼
ܲʱ仹ʣ10롣
ʱһһļ٣ĪĸеһţǺԼﱻ͵ȥ۰
Ȼڽ֮˷뼤ũĵĵһڵȴ13Сʱ֮ļʱ֮󣬾ܹջˡ
ȫɴ۾ʱ䵹ʱΪ0롱ʱһ飬Ȼꡣ
žžžڶ
ʵһֻҪһ¾ͿˣԼҲ֪ǻǷꡣ
һǵĵһûе㵽λ㼸αһ㡣
Ҫþоջĸо
ܶҶڵһʱջǱΪܹȫջһҲᱻ͵ȥ
ʵǣջɹʱϵͳʾϢˡ17ʣ17֮⡱С17ʣ1617ʣ15ġ
˵ЩĺܲѾ͵һЩ
Ҳ˭͵ģôڵһʱ͵ջ񣬾ȻǱ͵һ֣Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ҲڵһʱջҲ͵һЩҵĺܲʹҲ֪͵Ҳ˵ˣֿ컹ٿ죿
ֿ컹ٿأ͵ˣòˡҲȥ͵˵ȥܻڵһʱջġڵһʱջҲпһ㣬ҲһЩһ
Ȼ͵һҪȥЩֲʱҪ΢һųĺǣʵǶԲˣǵĲˣȻ͵ǵĲˡ
͵˵ȻҪȥûǰȰԼһµ֮ȥ
ȻջĵһʱˣʱǽǮѽȻԽԽá

ɹջ˵ǣڵһʱµ֮ɱڵɱ˺ѵũ
һũк̵ܶʱͳˣǾͻһֱţ֮󣬵һʱ͵ȡ͵Ǽ
ʱ仹һǾͻ˳Ȼȥһѵũ
õĻһũͿϵͳʾȡǾˬˣֺȻܾ͵˸ֺ
ոһѵũһ͵10ܲÿһ궼͵һ͵֮ûȡ¶ȡǿѽ
Ҳںüѵũﶼջ͵˵ĸоˬѾȫͣˡ
͵˵ĸоȷˬҲͣˣҪ͵еĺũֻǿϧܶ඼ڵһʱȡˣųģȴֻ͵һϧϧ
ϽϽҶжȥ͵ˣоʵˬ

ܵ͵˵ĸо֮ˬǶ͵˸ԣںбﲻͣĽѵũѰ͵˵Ļᡣ
Щڵһʱջǵùˣ֮󣬲һֵʱͱ͵ֻʣ°ٷʮˡ
һЩһ𼱻ǵĸϵǰԵũԼĺܲŸոճ첻һӵʱ䣬Ӧûûб͵ߣܹһջ
ȻϸһʱȴԼĺܲÿһĲֻʣ˰ٷ֮ʮѾ͵òٱ͵ˡ
ϵͳ涨ֻܹ͵ȡٷʮȻǿ϶һܲҲջˡ
ôŹȥһӵʱ䰡Щ͵˵ٶҲ̫һɡ
ᣬֻܷǳεջʣµİٷ֮ʮĺܲ
ջ֮Ҳ͵˴Լĺܲ͵ȡ˽һ룬ôҲҪȥ͵˵ģֲһЩʧǡ
Ҳϲķˣ͵˵ĸоôˬ
Ӵ֮Ҳ͵ˣÿ첻ȥ͵һˣܸоʲôҪûһ
͵ˣһҹ֮Ϊȶߵʣʱ벻͵ˡ
Ҳ͵͵賿2ϲһˡ
ô͵賿3㶼˯ǿԼȥ˯ġϷжȡֲսʬĶԻҪöࡣ
Ҳ͵˯ջ񲻴õһʵĽҺ;飬ֱˬᣡ
Խ࣬͵ණĻԽ󣬲УΪܹ͵ĲˣһüµQDѣڵϷѲ100ʵ̫ˡ
ջоôϣջܹһЩȻܹ5




ڶǧʮһ Ҫҹ
͵ˡһʣѸٳΪ˽ֵʡ
ʵУҲһģ˵ڶʱ򣬽ͷβ˾İ칫ֻУ԰ȵȵطĵʱҲǻ˵͵ˡ
ũĺܲûб͵ȥ͵˶٣Ǹûȥ͵ˣ͵Ӳ˯ջΣ
̸۵ʱ۾Ǵ˷ܵĹ⣬˭˵ĺܲȫʱջһҲûб͵ߣһᡰۡһʾĽ
˵ԼôһӣеĲ˶͵ֻʣ˰ٷ֮ʮˣֵֻ÷ǳźԷһҪעʱ䣬һҪڵһʱȡ
˵ȥ͵ʱǳջʮַḻ˴ĽҺ;飬ֵֻʮֵĽ˵ϣԼȥ͵ʱܹһЩ
̸֮͵˵ʱǸüɫ裬·ǳߣڸָпźͬʱڲϵĽ͵˷ľ飬Ҫβܹ͵Ĳˣ
˵üɫ裬²Ҳе˶ˣҲһЩһ±ơ
͵ˣʲôôϼȥ͵ˣֵô˷ܣôģ͵ˣ
ô첻Ԫڰ
ԪڵϣܶطһϰףǾȥ͵ˣ֮Ϊ͵ࡱ
͵ࡱϰѾãѾɿи˵
ܵ˵һֱŵģһضϰס
Ԫڵǿȥ͵˵ģ˼ҷҲûйϵ˼Ҫעⰲȫ
Ϊһ˵ǣ͵ʱ˷֣Էˡ
ԣ˼ҷʱǷǳ˵ġ
ؼ첻Ԫڰôô˼ȥ͵ˣ
Щһ±ơ
ȻԵũϢʮֻ𱬣ϡý嵽ڱôһЩ˻ΪԭĹ켣ôûԵũ¡
͵ˣȻһ±ˡ
˵ˣϵһ仰˵ǣϲͨˡ
ͨͨˣ±ȴȻ±ơ
ǸǳǸһ£˵ġ͵ˡôһ¶𣿡һ±Ƶˣڻ̲סķˣҲ˲öԷԼûͨˡ
ǸҶûͨˣȻǱˡ
˼ȷڲŸոͨȻˣǾĬԳһ£Щ˴ŵġ
ڶԷĽ֮£Ūʲôǡ͵ˡ
֮ﲻе𾪣ԵũʽߣŹһһҹʱ䣬Ѿ𱬵̶ȣȫ͵ˣЩûͨġ
ӰҲ̫˰ɣƵϷӰǲһ
ողͨпͻȻ֮ԡԵũǿҵĺ֮ġ
һϷܹһһҹ֮䣬֮Ӱ
Ƿǳĺ棬ڵԱߵģȲĴ򿪵ԣ½QDQDռ䣬ءԵũϷӦó
ģʱ޷ʹõԵģʮֵֻܹͣһԣ˵еԵũôһũ
Եũһֱţȫ͵ˡѾԶˡ

ǹڡԵũ͵˵
Щ֮УͻȻ˵Ҳˣ
ôˣʲôʵ
Ҹոһ£ũĳʱ䣬Ȼ賿2㣬ôӦô죿ȵ𴲺ȡǿ϶ᱻ͵ֻʣ°ٷֻʮˡңȵջ֮µװ˷ѼСʱʱ䡣Ӧô죿
賿2죬ô賿3㣬ҲͬˡҵĲ˰
˱͵˹ȻۣƵǣһũĽȾͱˣϲһЩˡô뾡ȼȥװء
Ҳû취ˣʱ̫ˣǲܵȵô˲˯ɣ
ʵɣҵ뵽һ취һֱҲܹʱջֲµǾһӡ賿2죬Ǿһӣǰӵʱ졣ʱǾղˣ˲ֲ֮µһ֮˯
ӣҲ⡭ǲҲ̫һ㣿
ҵǾУ²ˣµ˼ӵʱ䣬֮˯ˣϢûжӰ졣
ҾáҲҲң賿죬ڵһʱ䱻͵ߵĸҪСö࣬ǻԲն٣͵һ֡
ǲ˵İɣҲ̫ƴ˰ɣٺ棬ҲֻһϷûҪôƴ
ţҲûҪôƴֻһϷ
Ҿ²˻ǿԵģᵢ˯Ϣģ͵ϸˡ

ӣҹղǰһ˵һ⡣
Ҳ˾Ҳ̫̫ƴˣȫûбҪϾֻһϷѡ
ܵ˵ǰһҪһЩûҪôƴҪһЩ
ԵģϿĻǰһˣǷǳġ



ڶǧʮ Ӣ۳ɾ죬˼䲻
ҹ͵˵뷨úܶ˶ǰһǸʮֲ⡣
ģҲôġ
Ѿúˣ賿158ղˣ˳͵һˣ賿͵ˣջǳĲڴѽ
ҵҲúˣ賿255֡賿͵˵ջԱȰõö࣬Ͼܶ˲һղˡ
˵úеӣǾףԸ賿͵˵ջ񲻴ɡ
ҲģҪ賿ղˡ͵ˣ
ȻӶúˡ
ҪҪô񰡣Ҳ̫ƴ˰ɡǵĵȼĿ죿
׼賿ղ˺͵˵Ȥ֮⣬Ϊ˸ȼͽҡǰ͵Ų֮װưɡʱǵũֲȫֲ˵ĸ߼Ľǡ
ϷбҪôƴ𣿡
ȻУҪȫ飬ŸȤȻҲ֪ϢǺҪģϾڶ컹ҪϰࡢѧֻæԼ顣֮ǰ˵賿ղˡ͵ˣεϢ͵ϸˡԣƴһƴҲ޷
ǾֻԺװˡǲεϢҿ϶Ҳǲ賿𴲵ġ
Ǿûа취ˣԺ͵ſװưɡ


ʥ塣
顢ضŮϣЩ˵Ҫ賿ղˡ͵˵զ࣬û뵽ˡ
ңǳĶࡣ
ص㣬û뵽ˡҾҲܹ⣬ҶһҪôˡ
Ǳ˵׼ˣȻôҹ𴲵ġңǶһ뷨ˡ򵱳˵ģҲпܻҹ͵ˣڿҲǲˡ
ص˭֪ʼ֮󣬲ŷϷ֮ǰΪĻҪöء治֪Ϸģ
΢΢һЦ˵뷨ܹ²ģ
ذһ˵㣬ҫ֪𣿡
Ŷ𣿡һı飬˵ԲҲ֪
أ㡭
˵˵ֿʼ˴֣õĶԻûдţ΢΢һЦĵѾͷ֪˵Ķʵ˰ɣĻкܶˣӰҹղ˺͵˵ġ
ЩȫԤ֮УǰˣȻҲˡ
ڻֻƳũһʱ֮󣬻ȺƳ泡ʱӵֺȤ

ȫũ͵ˣкܶΪղ˺͵ˣȻҪӣԼ賿ӴЩΪֱϷ˸пǧ
ڡԵũʽ֮ǰǾԤеˣϷܻȡֲսʬӻ𱬡
ڣǲŷ֣ǻԶԶֹˡԵũĻ𱬳̶ȣһ󼶵Ļ𱬡
Ϸʽ߲һʱ䣬ȻѾﵽ˼ȫĳ̶ȣϷеһ漣
֮ǰϷˣʱæֲջ͵ˣæòֺ
Ϸ˳˸пǸп
漣Ϸһ漣ϷҲȻĴڡ
û뵽̶һʱ䣬͵ˡʣͼѾκһطӰ֮󣬵ǿֲ˹
ѸҵΪϷĵһǹôһǵľҹѸҵܣʱһЦ÷ǳ⡣
Ҳ˼ܵ⣬ҲнϷ뷨ҵֻĽʺ޵ķݣ˭Ƕûܿء


Ϸ˲²һڵȷЦ÷ǳ⣬Եũ˶̵ʱ֮󣬾ӵ֮Ӱ֮ǰû뵽ġ
ȻšԵũӰ᲻ͣȡֲսʬ󣬵û뵽Ӱ֮
û뵽ǣγ֮Ӱõʱ䣬̵̣֮˸Ӧ
˵һ󼶵ϷЩܹˡ
ʮֵ˷뼤ּˣѾ˷ܺͼˣֻǸе˷뼤
ѸҵϷһǹʵ̫ˣֱǾ춯أɸϷĸ˾ȥһ
вٵϷ˾ʱɪɪܴһǹǸˡ
һ󼶵Ϸ˸̬ĽϷָоȫ̹͵⡣


ڶǧʮ Щص
ҹЩ˵ӣҪ賿ղˡ͵˵ǣһȫˡ
賿ʱ˯˯ʱҪǸʱ𴲣ȻҪܴġ
ղ͵ˣȻǼһ죬Ƶķˡ
𴲵Чʺٶȣʱ֪Ҫ˶ٱ
ЩΪ˸пѣ𴲵ԼҲǸпǧ𴲵ЧʺٶȣȻôߡ
˵ʵȻ˵賿Ҫղˡ͵ˣҲúӣʵҲûܹ𴲵İաΪÿҶҪ֮󣬲Ȼ賿ʱֱһˣƵģһӶûôԼš
ƽʱҲҪ죬賿Ҳͬһˡô룬ũׯÿ춼7죬ôܹÿ7׼ʱ𴲡
⡭⡭Ҳ֪˵ʲôˡֻ˵Ϸǵջʵ̫ˡȻЩ賿𴲵˵ջͬǳĴ󣬵վǲǵĴ󡣡
ǲ֪˵ʲôãôԼ֪˵ʲôˡֻ˵ϷĶҲ֪᲻нҩ
ҩûˣֻϣǻưɡϾҪġ
ţǻƵġ


Եũȫ͵˵ȳһ֮󣬡Եʽߡ
Ե롶Եũһũͨڡ
ũֲȻιͶˣеһα˷ܡѡ
ǿȼˣֳЩ֮󣬸Ļŭţôֳֹұϡֱô̫˧ˣ
Ǻ˷ܣڵȼԸкǿҡ
룬ĶЩߵȼıϡȴΪȼˣǶĽ
һͿװһˬ
ԽԽ˷ܺڴ
ľֻˣũҲͬҪ

ũˣҲˣ˸Ҫ飬Ǹӵ鱥ũ֮زͣı
ոջũȥջͶ
͵ǵͶͣĻصũȥ͵ũǵĲˣػصģæòֺȴУͣ
ʱﻹһǿҵڴڴ泡Ŀͨ
ũϷһˣһڳˮˮ֮⣬ʲôûС
ڳǷǳġ
ԣеǶȥǿڳȻõϵͳʾԵ泡ߣڴ
泡˼ġ
ڿЩʲô㣿ǲ֪ǳڴ
ľ鿴֮ͨ⣬ǿ϶иϡŹֻ֣߷ǳ㡣
Ȼ;϶ǻеģ㣬Ǻڴ
û;棬ôô̼
ʵѾȲˣ泡Ŀͨʮֵڴ
ʱũ泡طع䣬ȥũȥȥȥ泡ȥ泡ũ;÷ǳˬ
ʱ䵽һ֮󣬡Ե泡ʽߡ
еȫһȫȲڵһʱͽ泡
㡢㣬ˡ⼸Ǵʱ
򵥵Ϥ泡Ϸ֮ȫȲĵ㿪̵ϵͳ
ȻǹȻԸԳģ̵￴;硣
ֻǣҪֳĵȼҪ󶼲ͣǶʱǱֳˡ
һغգǾúźڴԼŬȼĶ
Ϊܹ;㣬Ǿóе飬ȥŬȼ
泡֮ͨڿũ泡طزͣĹˣֱ֮ǰӵ˼ˣԽԽ벻Ϸˡ

ʥ塣
泡֮ûٸģȥעԵũ顣
Ϸ½һЩµĹߣѾѸҵǱ߽ˣҪٲˡ
鷿ﻭһ
Ѿкܳһʱ䣬ûлˡ
鷿ڻסһ˵򣬺þöûп㻭ˣҪƳµƷ𣿡
ЦǰɣƳԺӦûƳġ
ƳΪʲôҪڻЩɻѾĸȥֻȫЩص
ÿһﶼǳǿ׳Ҵ͸죬ʮֲѰ
ز֪ݣֻʮֲѰݡ
磬һǳᣬͷʾƺɫס˴ȴǡ¶һֻ۾顣
·أֱװض֪ݣֻǿϣһͼ
·ȻأȴʮֵĿͺÿ۾ϲ
ֻǣЩǣǸ˫֮䣬ΪʲôҪһ



ڶǧʮ Ի͵ĽֻϷ˾
ֱһʮǿ׳¶츹ʮԣؼֱ۴׳
˵ĸоȫÿһ鼡⣬˸оһ޾
ֻͷЩŹ֣ͷܳ𣬾һɨһ
ؿѾʮÿһﶼһͬ㣬Ǿʮֵǿ׳һּǿС
ȻÿһֶʮԣÿһﶼŸԷǳԵص㣬ʶȷǳߡ
ɻʵ㻭ЩʲôƷе𣿡
ϲͣȷƷеҸո˵ڲƳⲿƷʱһЩá
Ŷظɻ˵ʲôã
ЦЦ˵ϷҴЩƳһϷ
ϷһصˣѾƳϷƳһϷҲ
ֻǣȻһεϷЩǿ׳صһϷ϶ǰϷźܴĲͬԲͬһϷ
ʵһƳϷǲǺǰȫһ
ͷȫһʲôһңһҶǳޣԶԶܺǰϷᲢۡ
һɻˣȻǳޣΪʲôҪƳ
֪ȻҪƳȻҪƳĵ
ԣزûΪʲô֪ǳޣȴȻҪƳʵôһֻһϷ˾
֪Ҳܿͻ֪ˡ
֪۾һת׹һЦ˵֪ˣڻûϷ˾ԲԣһûϷ˾㣬㲻ǰװ׼ˣ
ʲôʱûаյ£㿴ţϷ˾˻Ѿˡ
ͷȻ֪ûаյ飬ҲϷ˾Ѿˡ
ʱֻˣġ
΢΢һЦ˵Ѿͷɣˡ
ذֹһЦЦ˵绰Ȼϡ

ũׯ칫¥Ӵҡ
Ϸ˾λڵĽ̸
һ˵Ϻһݷ᲻ԵЩͻϾǵϷ˾ѾʱķչˣʼϷв硣
һ˳ȷЩͻϵˣӦòǵͻңողѾʾԵȣ𣿡
ǰһֵ˽ǹ˾֪ǹ˾֮󣬻ͲԵˡ
һ˵ǶѾˣҲǵİݷáߣܲʡȻˣ͵ɡż֪ǹ˾Ҳǡ
ǰһ˵˵ͷ˵ӦǶԵġ
Ϸ˾λ߸ˣһǰݷԥ˺ܾãò׹ˣںԵЩˡ
ȻġѸҵǰݷЩοǣ
ĵȴУ˹Ӵҡ
һ˲֮ʮֽţ˵ƺЩ̫ˡ
Ȼܹо˵Ľţ΢΢һЦ˴к
һͨк˽ٽţϣоκһ߸ϵϢоֻͣһͨһ͡
ԣǽٽţ򵥵˵һ顣
ԭϷҲԻ͹ֻϷʢʱڣϷƳļֻϷȫӵźܸߵ
ϷȻҲźܸߵˣǵһֻϷ˾
ʱһֱڱ䣬κλԻͶܳãϷͷչֻϷ𽥵ʷ̨
ȻϵĵȻнֻϷԾҵѾˡ
ң󲿷ֵҶǴһ֣׷廳黳档
ŽֻϷû䣬ԽֻϷΪϷ˾ȻҲͷ׷׵ˡ
ϷĻԻͿ֧ŵڣҲѾ;ĩ·ĵزҲѾˡ
ֻλ˲Ըϰˡ
λ˲ԸϷգǻ븺翹һ¡
Ҫ翹ƳµĽֻϷ϶ǲˣѾϷ¡
ôҪ븺翹ֻܸʱĽŲֻϷΪϷ
ȻֻϷϷϷѾϷˣܱȵҪá
ԣʮֲᣬλҲòһ



ڶǧʮ һֻϷ
ϷλˣֻϷΪϷľ
ȻҪԼϷгϷ˵Ȼһѵ顣
ΪϷû㹻ʽɱ޷͵ϷֻܹһɱСϷ
СϷǲܻʲôгģƵϷ
ԣλԥ֮ڻǰݷľ
ǱϣΪӴǡ
ΪʱϵĶϷ˾ǰݷлϷ˾ȫһһˡ
ԣλ˲ΪӴϷ
ȻʵȴӴǣλ˷ܡŵͬʱһЩɻʲôӴһٵյĹ˵Ϸ˾
ֻǣǲұֳɻ󣬸ѯʡ
λ˵֮󣬵һЦҲ֪ɻ˵λǲЩɻΪʲôӴϷ
λ˶һۣĶȻʮֿ£һ˵ǵȷЩɻ󡣡
ͷ˵ԭܼ򵥣ΪֻϷģңȡùǳԻ͵ĳɼԽֻϷĸΪʵѾȲѵĵزǲֻϷΪϷľġ
⡭λһ֮ǰûмǣΪʲôǵô׼ȷ
ѵǸϷ֧ŵڶƶϣ˵Ŀ϶
Ӧֻˣ˼άжʵ̫ˡ
ɻΪʲôΪԭͽӴǣ
һλ˵ʵǷǳǸǻûж
ЦЦûֱӻش⣬˵һңǲΪϷһɱ͵СϷ
λͻȻٴαýţҲЩΣһ˵ǵģ֪ǳðϷѾٵգʵòʽзϷֲϷաҪСϷгΨõԣźݷ
ͷ˵ȻˣΪʲôһҪתϷأ
λֶһۣ̫Ϊʲôʣһ˻ǴѾϷʱˣϷҪֻܹתϷ˰⣬ʱ֮ħһϷչᣬϷ˾ԼϷμӣϷҲ롭Ҳȥμӡ
ϷչᣬȻҲ֪֮ħУʮϷ˾ЯϷμӡ
˵˵չ飬һβμչֻϷӦȫϷ𣿡
һλ˵ͷһӦܹ϶
ȻˣҽϷ˾ЯһֻϷǰȥչܹΪȫĽ㡣
ЯֻϷȥչλ˶һ㶣֮ǰй뷨ȻǲܵģֻȥչĻΪǲˣΪȫЦࡣ
ԣ뷨Ҳѡ
ֻǣ˷ǳ⣬ȻҲ˵ҲǴŽֻϷȥչ
ʵ벻ףΪʲôҪ˵
ȵȣѵ
ͻȻ֮뵽ĳֿܣңֿܻ֮ǰһʸˡ
ֻǣӦòܰ
һ˺ܲȷģ̽Ե˵˼ǣԸΪһֻϷ
һЦ˵ȷˣǰͻȻһ֣һֻϷ뷨ҲԸӴλԭ򡣡
ȻˡʱҲӴǵԭ
ͻȻ֮ˣһֻϷ뷨λ˲֡
Ͼ˼άпգֽͻȻ֮һֻϷ뷨ʵһǳ顣
ֻ˵ʲô£Ҫʲô£ʲôط˵ʮġ
ֻǣѾ˽ֻϷʱµĽֻϷܹг𣿼ƵĽֻϷҲЩɡ
˵ɻ󣬵һЦ˵ڵȷѾ˽ֻϷʱֻϷʵڣΪ黳ҲãΪʲôҲգкܶ˻ǷǳԸֻϷġϾֻϷϷͻȫԽֻϷϷһ档ڵĽֻϷ֮ûгΪڵĽֻϷ˵ֻʣ黳ˡֻʣ黳޷µңȻûʲôгˡ



ڶǧʮ ֻǵź
λ󣬾ǻ˵ͷ˵Ĳûд
ǣŽֻϷг
λ˲ȷһ˵˼ǣֻҪƳһĽֻϷֻϷȻг
ЦЦȻֵ˵ͷ
λ˿ͷƲס˷ܺ;ϲȻǲΪֻϷгжϡ
Ȼ˵˻гǾһг
ֻϷĻгĻλ˵һܹ㹻˷ܵģĺϢ
ΪĻϷͲתˣȻԼֻϷ
ҲΨֻϷϷϷ
֮ǰ֮ԾתϷΪʵûа취ˣòת͡
ת֮ϷϷҲѾ˲ˡ
ʵλǺܲת͵ģǶԽֻϷŷǳĸ顣
ڣ֪ǿԲתϷȻϷȻ̲ס˷ܺ;ϲ
ȻǰƳĽֻϷҪʮֵ㣬ǰĽֻϷҪ̫С
ܹǲֻ黳ܹҵڽֻϷļ飬Ҳܹµҡ
һµĽֻϷȻֻƵó
λסļһ˵һʲô͵ĽֻϷ
ûлش𣬶ǷʵϷԻ͵ʱߵϷʲô͵Ϸ
Ϸ˲ûһĳɣֱӻشϷóľǸϷڽֻϷУϾ7ϣǳϷ
ĻԻͣλЩԺԺ֮޾źԻ͵ǣھȻѾٵˡ
ͷ˵ȻˣҲһϷˡ
λ˸ǾϲϷðϷԻ͵ϷǸϷƳһµĸϷȻƳ͵ϷЧá
һλ˵ʵ̫лˣģϷзϷϺĵãзϷһȫﵽҪ󡣡
ͷЦŹϷ˾ⷽʵôףǺˡ
죡죡ʵ̫лˡλͬʱ˵ʱֱʮּ
ûа취һݷյջȻõԤҪ
ȻΪһֻϷϷпһĻԻ͡
һĻԻͣλˣֻܹһ롣
ȴ˭֪ھȻĻᣬλ˵ľϲ˷ܣͿɶ֪ˡ
λ˾ΪƵģȫ¸ֻϷȥμӰ֮ħеǳϷչᡣ
һֻϷǰȥչһΪȫЦġ
һֻϷƵģǶȻͲܳΪЦǻΪȫĽ㡣
λ˾һ㣬ǶԼϷչᣬͻȻ֮ʮֵڴ

ĳ
ָϷܶ࣬оʮֻ̨Ϸ
ϷҲǳ࣬еŮĶУֳʮ֣ǵҲܸߡ
ΨнֻϷԵΪ壬ʮֻ̨Ϸȫţǿŵģֻ̨Ϸ档
ĶһָϷߵһϷ
ֻǣߵĸϷҲǳɺˣֻʣ黳ˡ
һսʤ˶֮һ̾˿Աߵһ˵Ϸûʲô˼ˣֻΪ˻һ£ǰʱָо漸־Ͳˡ
ԱߵҲ̾һ˵ȷûʲô˼ˣֻϷʱѾȥˡ
֮ǰ˵ȷѾȥˣҶԽֻϷǺиоģָоǵϷϷûеġԣҾһֻϷȻһ֮־ûʲô˼ˡÿ̲֮ס漸¡ˣӦûкܶࡣԣΪֻϷʵûȫû䣬ֻڵϷ˾зµĽֻϷˡֻϷûʵѪҺȻӿûĲ˾ʮź
Աߵ˵ҺһģÿͻһΡֻϷĸоȷǵϷϷȡ˵ġҲֹ˽ֻϷû䣬ȷǳźЩϷ˾зֻϷҲġôܻʱͲȥзѾû˵ĽֻϷ֮ǰЩֻϷ˾󲿷ֶˡԻ͵ϷӦöѾˡ
֮ǰ̾ǰϷˣ˵ЩϷ˾ˡԺ󣬹ƲµĽֻϷˣ˸еź
Աߵ˵Ҳûа취顣



ڶǧʮ ˷ӦϢ
֮ǰֵܹϷ˾ƳµĽֻϷĻһ㣬ҶԻȥ档ֻҪȫµĽֻϷٶܹһЩǸʱֻϷּ͸оֻϧӦòµĽֻϷˡ
Աߵһ֮˵֮ħһ͵Ϸչ˵ǳչϣ᲻µĽֻϷࣿ
֮ǰҡͷеģȻϽֻңǳϣֻϷʵѪҺòϣֻϷѾû䣬ֻϷʱѾȥϷ˾µĽֻϷչĻһΪȫЦģΪ仹ʮǰûϷ˾ԣܻµĽֻϷֵġ
Աߵ̾Ϣһ˵˵ҲǣûϷ˾ԸΪЦֻϷʱѾȥˣԺֻʣ黳ˡһϷչᣬһǻעġ
֮ǰ˵ȻҪעȻǶԽֻϷ黳Ҳֻǻ黳ˡҲҪڵϷǡȻˣȻҪעˣǿһ͵ϷչᣬϿܻһЩϷǷǳֵڴġ
ԱߵҵͷȷˣȷǳֵڴȻֻϷָˣϣּܹϷ
֮ǰ˵Ըˡ
ʱϵĶûͣȻ֮ǰߵǿֻϷ
һ֮˾սʤ˶֣뵽һֵı
ֻǣһֱδʼȴԼͬͬʱһֲ֮̾ԼͬͬʱվȻͬʱ뿪
ͻȻ֮ǰͬʱˣΪո˵ЩǾøӵɺͻȻ֮䶼û˼¡
֮Ӧûϼ֣ڣѾû¡
黳վֻ黳˵ֻǻͻǼ顣

ȫضеǣＸнֻϷ
ÿһҵĽֻϷֶͬΪ壬ֲȫûҡ
ÿ춼ǻһЩҵģЩʱнֻϷңֻȽϡٰˡ
ֻϷ׷黳ʱ໥֮죬֮ǰλ
ᵽֻϷû䣬Ƕһ͸̾ûǽֻϷȥǵഺ
Ҳزȥഺ
ԼڵĵϷϷ޷ǵģֻϷģеĸо
ҲϷҲϷҲΪϷϷǳ棬ȴûֻϷʱеĸо
꣬Ǹ̾ǶڽֻϷеĸоǳ
ڻϷ˾ƳµĽֻϷӦܹһһЩеĸо
ǶµĽֻϷʵһֱڴ
Ϊʲôᱣڴ
ԭж֣һһ֣ǾǲԸԼഺԶ
ʱȻµĽֻϷߣǻܹоԼഺȻûԶ
Ȼֻԭ֮һ
ǶµĽֻϷһֱڴֻ֪µĽֻϷٳˣǵڴעֻһա
ڵЩϷ˾ƳֻϷǰĽֻϷ˾ּȫˣµĽֻϷٳˡһź顣
ǰĽֻϷ˾ȷӦüˣͿԻ͵Ϸûеˣ
ӦҲ൹˰ɣô궼ûϢˡ
ϷƳϷкö඼Ǿ䣬ϧվӲûˡ
ûа취飬ʱڱ䣬򵹱նȻˡ

ϷֻϷǼ֪ǽֻϷʱԻ͵Ϸ˾µĶϷǾ䣬ǸϷǾеľ䡣
ֻϧٻԻҲֻںܶˣûϷϢ
ǿϷӦҲûӹյˣڻûг׵ĵգӦҲˣҲǻһһֲĵִ֣ڿŶѡ
Դˣȫеź
ֻǣǸеȴ㵺ͷӦǣûʲôϢģҶΪѾգ߱ٵ˵ϷͻȻ֮䷢ˡ
ң䷢ݣ˶Ĺ˾յϢȻҪƳһµĸֻϷ
ǵûдϷͻȻٷҪЯһȫµĸֻϷǰȥչ֮ħٰǳϷչᡣ
ϢʮͻȻףǶϢһȵЩӦ
Ӧġ
룬һҼûʲôϢϷ˾һѾʱĽֻϷ˾һҴҶΪѾ˵Ϸ˾ûеգҲǻϷ˾ͻȻ֮ҪƳһȫµĸֻϷˡ
ܷӦŹء



ڶǧʮ ϢȻ
ϷϢǰĽֻϷǣһȶûзӦ
ǰĽֻϷȻԶԶûڵϷô࣬ʵҲǲٵģǧӦûġ
ôȫӦ
ȻЩʱûпصϢԿ϶ǣȵǿϢʱҲһǷӦ
Ϊ̫˸еˣ
ϷȻҪƳһȫµĸֻϷˣһҪֻϷǰȥμӰ֮ǳϷչᡣ
ôİɣ
ϷϾֻϷʱߣȻûˣϻڣܴһֻϷȥΪȫЦɣ
ǿԷǳ϶һֻϷȥμչᣬһΪȥȫЦġ
Ϸʶһ㣿ôһֻϷȥμչ᣿
ţǣϷҪƳһµĸֻϷϢӦþǼٵģġ
ӦϷٷʺűˣȻ󱻵߶ˡ
ֻǣ˭ôģȻȥһѾٵյϷ˾Ĺٷʺţ㣿
ǲϳġ
ǣһĽֻϷңǳܹϷ˾ƳµĽֻϷֻΪԼԼһʱİοһԼѡ
ҲΨܹ΢͵ͨ
ȻֻԼƲ⣬һࡣ
ȴ֤ˣǾԲϢģȫǳϷ˾ܹƳµĽֻϷ
ǲϢʵԣϷˣҲͬϢʵԡ
ȻڵĴϷ˵ûϷôһϷ˾Ϸˣȴ֪Ϸ
ϾϷǽֻϷʱߣȻѾû䣬ĻԻͻڣϷΪʿ϶֪Ϸġ
ҲΪ֪ǲŲϢʵԡ
Ϣʵ̫ˣ
ϢǼٵİɣֻϷѾûô꣬ϷҲֻʣİôܻͻȻҪƳһȫµĸֻϷ
϶ǼٵİƳֻϷĻ϶ȷܹЩϽֻϷǸеϲȻϲȥ档ֻʱģֻһֻعⷵգǲ˶áǣܹƳһ󼶵ĸֻϷܹȫһļ顣ȻǲܵģϷƳһ󼶵ĸֻϷǸûʵԣϢ϶ǼٵģӦǱ˭˰ɡ
϶Ǳ˭ˡʵ֮ܶʲôĿģϷ˵һЩ顣ϾǽֻϷʱߣȴֻܹ˶ˡ
ҲһεĶ㣬Ϸ׵ĵ¡ϾֻŰˡ
뻹˾Щˡ


ǽֻϷңϷˣȫϷϢʵġ
뵽Щ֮ҲͽĲеˣҲȫѾӦ˹
Ȼڲʱ֮ȴһθеȵľ㵣һθӦ
ΪȷˣϷϢȻġ
֮ħٰϷչٷ繫һϢȷϷμչᡣ
ңһֻϷμӡ
ϷչĹٷ棬ɸˣѾյϷĲչ룬ѾͨϷĲչ룬ϷĻμһϷչᣬһֻϷμӡ
ȻϷչٷ˹ˣϢȻǼٵˡ
Ȼģ
ֻϷңϷˣһθеȴ㵣һηӦ
һΣķӦˡ
Ȼģôأ
˵ϷҪƳһȫµĸֻϷһܹǿ⡣
ϾϷߣ϶ľ˳ʷ̨ǻһҪƳһȫµĸֻϷ
ԴˣȻе㵣ʵһ£Ҳܹ⡣
Ϸȥμӣ֮ϷչᣬҾͲܹˡ
ΪһֻϷȥμչᣬһΪȫЦģϷ֪ܲһ㡣
Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪȥ
ֱƳµϷΪʲôҪȥΪһЦ
޷⡣
ǣϷԼһΣΪȫЦ
ֻ
Ҫ벻ΪЦЯĸֻϷҪǳɫ˵󼶱ģҲҪǾƷеľƷɣ
ϷҪˣʵзһƷеľƷ
ȻǲܵģϷܹзƷоƷҪȵڲƳ
ԣȫе޷⡣
һ͸¶Źģ飬ȫüͷ΢塣



ڶǧʮ ֣֮
ܴ޷⣬һ͸¶Ź飬ϷЯһֻϷǰȥμϷչһ£ѾΪʵ
Ҳòһʵ
󣬴ҵﲻʮֵĺ棬ϷΪʲôҪȥμչ᣿ֻ˵Ϊʲôȥμչ᣿Ͳ³ΪȫЦ
ѵΪǶԼϷģԼԲΪȫЦ
ˣǻҪƾһεչᣬϷͽֻϷ
ôһʲôĸֻϷܹϷ˵ţ
˲ȫʮֵĺ档
Ϸ˸ֻǺ棬ǲĽֻϷ֮ռǵϷг
⵱ȻҲʵӪϷǽֻϷҲϷгʲôӰ졣
ԣܹĵģֻǺ档
ڽֻϷ˵˺֮⣬ʮֵ˷ܺڴ
ǾʮֿܹϷ˾ƳȫµĽֻϷҪ廳ȥഺҪѰ֣Ϸ˵ģڽֻϷеĸо
ǶȫµĽֻϷߣһֱڴ
֮ǰϷϢʱ֮ûڵһʱе˷ܺͼΪǼȵľ㵣ϢģǷӦ
ڣȷϢȷʵΪ棬ҲӦ˹
ôȻ˷ܺͼˡ
һֱڴ飬Ȼĳˣôͻأĳˡ
Ϸ˾ĽֻϷߣϷ˷ܡ֮࣬һʮеĸо
ǸоеһУûԶ
ϷȻƳµĽֻϷǷ·ֻصǸµʱǵഺûԶ
һʱ֮䣬ĽֻϷǣȫҡ
һϷƳһȫµĽֻϷϢҷ·λصʮ֮ǰ
ҲͻȻ֮䣬һλʮ֮ǰĴǸʱ򣬾;ϷҪƳϷϢ
ϷҪƳµĽֻϷˣ˸еţʮֵС
һжûԶӣָоá
ϷƳһϷҪ׷ݵ֮ǰ֮ǰѵ塢ʱϷһֱзһµĸֻϷзɹˡ
ֿܴܺҲΪһϷǺķ塢ʱзģǲ˵š
һֿܾǣϷͻȻ֮䣬ҵһλϷʦΪһŵϷ
Ϸʦ٣Ҫ˵ŵϷʦֻѵϷϷȻǳ֣֮
ֿԲɣҪҲϷôȥƽֻϷ
һֻϷʵһǳ顣ϷпƵġȻϷôţ
ƵģǾʵ̫ڴˡƵϷԷͬСɡ
ôһ˵ҶϷڴֵͻȻ֮ǰַϣƵġ
ͻȻ֮ǰһԤУڰ֮ϷչϣϷ½ֻϷΪȫЦΪȫĽ㡣
ƵϷǾԻΪȫĽ㡣Уҵ취ʱȥչֳҪڵһʱ䣬ܵƵϷ
ԭȥֳģڣҲҪȥˡħԶھͰʱ䰲źá
ҲҪȥֳҪһʱƵĸֻϷ
ҲǺѾȷˣǿϷƵһڻֻǸܣҲҪ̫ˡ
ֻǿҲҪȥ㲻ƵģҲʧʲôƵģûȥֳǾ̫źˡ


뵽ϷϷǳ֣֮ϷȻҲ뵽ˡ
Ⲣ뵽ҪΪʲôڴҿģΪٵյϷһֻϷȷпܵġ
ҲܹͣϷһΪʲôš
˵ϷţҲпԼ˺ܳʱ䣬зһǺŵϷƵϷţ˵˵
ƵİɣôԽԽǸоֿԺܴ󡣡
㻹˵ֿܵġ֮ǰЩϷ˾ȥݷһһˣ˵пܣѾϷˡôһֻϷˡ
ϷϷһԽԽˣϣչܹ㿪ʼ
ˣˣµʱܿġ




ڶǧʮ Ϸչֳ
µʱȷúܿ죬һתۣϷչˡ
ʥ塣
ҲȥչֳֻûиϷҪȥϣΪǣʮֵ͵ġ
ңӦһĽֻϷŶԡ
ΪصħүӾһȥħȻլȥ
ء֣ࡢλүӣҲȥתһת
ȻҲҪһȥˣǡĩҲҪȥ
ԣһ뿪ӵʱЩƺƵĸо

㣬һ˵ħֱӻص䡣
˳⳵ܴһȦǼеģ
顢ضŮһ³ܿˣǶطҪϤĶ࣬أĵط̫̫Ļ䡣
ҹһЦ˵ûлˣﻹ
֣ࡢǵһҵĻ˾΢΢һЦ˵ǲԡ
ȻȲʥ壬ɫҲȷ
֣ЦأطȷǺúõתһתΣ
ҵд⣬ǶǵһȷֵǶ˺úõתһת

żλүӣҰ֮ɢϹϷչۣ˸߳
еϷңȫչǳע
صϢֳμչϷ˾һټҡ
˵нһٿϷ࣬˵һݴʢ硣
һٿϷϷΨϷչϷڽֻϷ
ѾϷʱѾ˵ĽֻϷչӦñԵģֻӦҪЦġ
û˸ҺһֻϷû˸ȥЦ
ֻΪڷ²֮󣬵óһۣǾֻϷпǳ֮֡
ֵ֮ϷǹĽֻϷ˭Һԣ˭ҳЦ
ҺԺͳЦϷҪչĽֻϷʼǴ۵Ľ㡣
Щ֮ǰûֻϷԽֻϷû黳ǡ
ڵϷȺԣҶû֮ǰĽֻϷǶԽֻϷû黳
ǰû֮͸Ӳܻˡ
ǶڽֻϷԭûκεȤչĽֻϷпܳ֣֮ǱŨȤ
Ⲣ˵ԺһǿֻϷٶǿֻϷŨȤ
Ǻ֪ƵĽֻϷʲôӵģ

չֳ
Ϸ˾ڽܹĵģԼչ̨ϷȻҲͬڴ
չ̨λкֻϷڵλõġ
ⲻΪϷ㹻ʵùЩϷ˾췽İõλϷġ
Ϊ췽֪ϷչϷǳ֮֡
ƵϷõλϣ췽ܹȷһεչᣬԻᱻϷ
ȻûԭҲõλϷֻΪƵϷ
췽õλøϷӴ˳Ϊ֪ʱۼǳˣС˿϶С
ϷλˣԴֳá
ʱλ˵ʼն˷ܡڴ
ڣ˷ܡڴǰδеǿҡ
ڣڵȵһˣ
ϷԼֻϷµֻʣһʱˡ
ǸпǧһΰĲʵĸо
ϷܣʮϷ˾ҲڲֳÿһϷ˾ֳĸˣȫƵƵϷڵλ
кҲĽĽϷλôãô
ипϷչϷǳ
Ȼ췽ܰõλøϷѳŪô
Ȼ췽ѾȷϷչϷǳ֮֡
ܵϷ˾ĽҲֻĽûʣûв
Ϊ֪ƵϷǾӦĴ췽Ĳûд
Ľַ֮࣬ǳĺ棬Ϸĳϣһչ֧ľͺ浽ʲôݣ
Ϸĳϣжʮʮľͺֱչ֧𣬺汻ڸǣ˿浽Щʲôݣ
Ϸ˾ĸ˺ܺ棬ȫڰֹʲôôء
ѵҲ̫˰ɣõô𣿶಻Чͺá
ңƳϷǳ֣֮ǻҪƨֱӽϢȥͿˡ
ţƣ컨׹ЧҲϢһ
Ϸ֪ܲһ㡣
ԣϷ˾ĸˣȫ룬Ӧò
ǻܹʲôʵ൱ķѽ⡣



ڶǧʮһ Ϸչȥ
ڶ죬Ϸչʽʼ졣
볡ʱ9㣬8㣬һСʱʱ䡣
չ᳡ΧѾ½ۼ˷ǳңЩħˣҲЩǴȫظϹġ
Ⱥľһһߵȴһ졣
ȻǹڣʼչģϷչĽֻϷǴĹУĨĻ⡣
˵ϷڳصλõģҲġӣһϷǳ֮ˡȻϷûʸĴ
ӦôˣȻҲֻϷֻϷȴǷǳĺڴ
һ˵Ϸչϣչ֧˷ǳľͺȫڵҲ֪浽ʲôݣͦصġ
Ҳ˵ˣȷǳ֡Ȼǽ֮Ӧþͻҿˡ
ţȻǽʱ򣬾ֱϷչȿĽֻϷ֮ȥЩϷ
⣬Ҳġ
ȷһ⣬ҹֳܶ˶ģϷչٴҲͬʱôˡԣҪڵһʱȥϷչǻ൱Ĳס
⵹Ҳǡǿҵõڴȥˣøǰ
˵仰ң˵仰֮󣬱תڴȥ༸˼ˣҲϽϡ
ǶֱϷչȥڴȥţȻһ⡣
ֻǣߵڴʱȴȷǺ⣬ϧ뵽ˣȴԶԶֹǡ
ʱڴѾɽ˺Χ˸ˮйͨ˵ڵˣҪڴڶˣȥˡ
볡нӽһСʱʱ䣬ڴȴѾˣⲢһ
˵ӦòżݣһһûйϵǾûҪڴˣȥԶһĵطϢȴãαҪ˼أ
ϷչἸÿһ꣬ͻٰһΣûгֹ
ԣչṤԱȫЩ㵡
ʲô볡ʱ仹أôô˼ˣƺΪܹһֳһչô󣿡
ȷЩ֣ǹȥһǶ˵Щʲôܹдˡ
ţǹȥ
֣ôȫһɻ߽ڴҪһҶ˵Щʲô
ǲûãҵ˴𰸡
ԭһεչᣬһƵϷҶڵһʱ䣬ȥϷչ
Աһۣ˵ͷԭˣһֻϷӰ֮ǰԤĸ
ָпѣ⻹ֻһĽֻϷһƵϷǽֻϷϷĻôЩھҪˡ
Աп֮ͻȻһ飬Щ
ôȫڵһʱȥϷչôڴŴ֮󣬴ҾԶڵһʱ壬ôͬʱ壬ʲô̤¹ʣ롣
УϷչȻ󣬵ܹͬʱɵҲ޵ģſΧŵЩ˵ԶԶϷչ
ңܻڲϵڴ£
ôȫϷչӲǳ¹ʲɡ
ԱһǳأøϽ汨棬ǰӦʩ
Ȼǳ¹ʲɡ
ƵϷӰҲ̫ˣ
һпһչʱ칫ȥҪϰ㱨
ʱ칫
ظԱĻ㱨֮⣬ҲͬһҿԱʱ
Ȼ컹пĳص¹ʡ
ǻǵ͹ˣƵϷӰ
ظٿһ飬ƶӦĴʩ

ʱӽ9㣬ڴǽʼɧЩѾＷ׼
չ췽Ѿ˺׼
ʱ䵽9ʱڴ˴İԱԭƻȴȫ򿪵ĴţҲֻеһš
ңйԱֳͣѴңǧҪӵҪעⰲȫ
췽෽Ĵʩ£ڴûг֣Ⱥ漷
Ϸչֳ췽ҲͬӦĴʩԷֹǲϽչ
ò׽뵽ֳǣȻȫڵһʱ䣬Ϸչȥ



ڶǧʮ µƪʽ
ò׽뵽ֳǣȫڵһʱ䣬Ϸչȥ
ϷչĹУƱҪϷ˾չ
Ϸ˾ĹԱͨһȺңƺԼչԱȫ˷ܣŸһôҽչһŲջ
ţڴҲ˻ӭǽչ׼
Ȼȴֻ֣ǴչͨҴҶûͣ˼ûнչ˼
⡭
ԱЩ㵣ԭǲǳǵչ
һ·ҴҶͨʮϷ˾ĹԱվԼչĿŴҴҶǵıӰ
󣬹Աȫ߳ԼչͨϣҴҶǵıӰ
š
ʲôҪȥ
϶ȥĳһϷ˾չȥǰϷչѵҪȥ
еȫϷôӰ𣿡
ò˵ϷôӰ
һεչϷ˵Ǻ£Ҳǻ¡ΪϷȻΪȫǣֻεĳΪǡôǣϷΪһεչᣬöϷҹҲܹմ⡣
ҿôҪԶԶڻġΪһεϷǽֻϷǵϷγг嶯ôһͻҲǿԺԲƵġôֻʣиֳĺôˡ
ûңȻڶϷչȥϷչ޵ģչ޷ɸ˵ʱҲֻǵչˡ
ţѾ½ܹȥôˣҹϷչӦѾﵽˡ

ϷչĹԱ˵ĲûдϷչȷѾﵽˡ
ټչʱѾվˣΪ췽ŵĹԱʱֹ˸˽չʹչûг˼˵
Щ赲չˣĸп
վһҵ뷨ȻһģڵһʱֻϷ
û취ˡҲ̫ȻȥչˣȿȻԶһЩڻܿǸˣҪĵطˣԶԶĿһǶˡ
˵ҲǣǻǱȽ˵ġչȻչ֧ôľͺҲ̫˰ɡʲôݣҲӦý˰ɡ
Ӧÿ˰ɣ˶Ѿվˡ

ϷչľͺʱȻڱڵ״̬ʶǲŻһ˵
չﻹչңʱȫ΢΢̧ͷһͺš
ϷչܵչĹԱʱȫţϷﱬҡͷЦ
֮ǰѾϵϷչǵû뵽ôԺͳס
һ˾Щ󣬺Ϸչվ޵ģ½ǣϷչѾվˣҲֻѡȥϷչˡ
ܵϷչ½˿ˡ
ȺΧذզզ࣬˵û뵽һֻϷҲôӰ
һЦ˵ǵȻΪҵֻϷǾԵľ䡣ֻϷһԻѾû˽ֻϷгµ
顢ضŮ˵⻰ǶƲƲ죬ֶһۣΪЩNɪ
ϵʱ顢ضŮֱչֳ
ڴ˼˵ûǰȥ֣ǴŶŮԶĵطϢ
ȵǿţ볡ݵûôӵʱŴŶŮ˳ݡ
ȻϷչԶԶľͿˣϷչ⣬Ѿվˡ
زŻиոĸп
ʵҲ΢һ⣬ûԤϵƳһֻϷӰ
˸ммϷǣκϿɡ
ͬʱҲãǰľϷ磬һʮȷľ

Ϸչ
ϷλˣԼеĹԱչѹѹȺȫʮ˷ܡָпǧ
λضٴΣҲԲţϷ˵һ졣
ѾǣֳΪϷĽ㣬һĲʵ
ȴʵ
ȫ˸ммϷ
ڣϷƪ£ʽ



ڶǧʮ ȭʡ
Ϸƪ£ʽ
һλͨͲ˵װĸλǣǺãӭϷչ֪֮ԻֻΪһԭڣʽϷҪչֻϷǳ֮֡ϷԶмлϷһػĻᣡ
˵ĻֳǻһƬȻϷչϷǳ֮֡
Ȼ֮ǰѾ϶һ㣬Ͼûйٷ֤ʵվֻǲ²⡣
ڣٷ֤ʵˣȻ˷ܡ
ôһϷ׽ʲô֣Ǿ൱ڴˣ
ֳеǣȫǽֻϷңҲȫԽֻϷȤ
ڣҵڴֵȴһģصĽֻϷڴ
ȻڴϷҲȷ˽ҿɴʱ
ôҪıϷϷ
˺˷ܣҲܼ˵װĸλǣǾͽϷϷ뿴
һָƣָչ󷽣һúɫڵľ͹ơ
ԣдŵľϷֻҪѳ񲼽ҿҾܹõˡ
һʱ֮䣬ֳеϷңϷչҺ͹ԱȫĿ⼯ˣǿ鱻ڵĹϡ
Ŀ˺ڴ
ϷչҺ͹ԱȻýԶֻҪԺһЩôһϵϷܹüġ
ԣҲͬڴ
ϵĺɫڱҿϷڹ֮ڡ
Ϸֲֻ֣Ծоңһܹϵóд
ǣȭʣ
ȭʣеǶ΢΢һϣȻڶֻǳİȴֵܹϣһǿԵϢ
ϢѪҺͻȻ֮һĪȼգƺһѪڵĸо
ܵԼָоȫ΢΢һ㶣ֻһϷȻһѪȼյĸо
ʵ̫˼ˣȴƫƫʵĴڡ
ȭʣ֣ܶԾ΢սԼȭͷ
ȺΧһЩݷǳˣǲϷңǸϷ˾ܻ߸߲㸺ˡ
ĵվȺΧȻҲϷ
ȻϷǽֻϷγɶٵľΪӰ̫ˣ̲סҪǰ۲һ
ȻҲǶֻϷҲʮֺԭ
ڣоˣֻǡȭʡϷֳ˲һѪҪȼյĲ
ǸпǧϷӰȻѾֲ˹ֻһϷͲЧ
ǸпǣԼȻҲһ˿ҲܵϷУ̺ŵǿԵϢ
⻹ֻһϷѣŽܱ⿪ָ
λܺ͸߲㸺ˣѾ֪αԼʱˣֻȷһ¼ǾϷȻֻһֻϷӰֻ»Ἣ޴
չ
˼Ĵ˵ȭʣûǵһϷǽȭʡǿԵʱضҵĸǿǣΪһΪKOFĸ񶷴ǽKOF̨ϣʹԼߵĸ񶷾չһһľⳡ񶷴ıȴŲΪ֪ܣĻֽħˣвμKOFĸ񶷼ǡĸʹǣܹշĻֵıڻö֪
ڸ˵ʱֳȫţ˵Ļһֳʱָֻ˸ָп۵
ȭʣKOF񶷴ǿԵʱǿضңĻܺͺ֣һϵеʣֳǣоԾĵĻȼյԽԽңѪԽԽڣһǿԵʱҲһսʤаʱ
ôμKOF񶷴ĸ񶷸ǣֱ˭ֶĸ񶷾
ЩͻȻ֮ʮֵļڴЩ֮ǰûֻϷԽֻϷԭûȤǣҲͬļڴ
ȺΧĬĬעŵģϷ˾ܺ͸߲㸺ˣʱҲͬ¶ŨȤ
ϷĸˣǳԵĸоˣֳǿҵļڴԼҲͬøӵļ
ͬ˵װǣ֪ڶǳһKOFĸ񶷸ǳôǾͲټˡ棬ǻӭһλ񶷸ֳǵĹҲǴһλ￪ʼģһλܹݻ꣡



ڶǧʮ ˧ֿĲS
չ
е˶һ˷ܺڴһһԲݻ
ôʲô֣ʲôģЩʲôĸ񶷼ܣȻܹݻ棬Ǹ񶷼Ӧйذɣ
һϵе⣬ܿͳ˵ԺУȲҪ֪𰸡
˲ûӣܿͽӿڵôȼ򵥵˽һ£λܹݻꡣ
˵䣬չһͺڵﱻƿڿ˾ͺϵݡ
һԼļ򵥽ܡ
ԣǸܹݻꡣ
ܿ죬˶׹
ԭһľͺһܣÿһӦñǣҪμKOF񶷴ĸѡ֡
һнʮ˵μһKOFѡ֣нʮˡ
ôʵ൱ڴ
ڣһλѾе˵עȻǼ˵һλϡ
ȿȻƬ˵ĵһо˧Ϳᣡ
൱˧൱Ŀᣡ
˧ӣаЦ⣬зʽͷͷϴһɫͷͷס˶ͷ׺±ϣǶһͬͼɫ̫¡
ȥ൱˧Ϳᡣ
˧ǣգϣһźɫȼա
ʵ̫˧̫ˣ
ȫ鲻ԽġۡһȻĴǣ
ղݣô˧
СӺܿᰡ
СӵЦаȴᣬ൱ϲ

ȫһ;ֳеˡ
ôô˧ôˣ׽ʲô֣
ȫĿƣǹļ򵥽ܡ
S
ԭ˧ֿS
ֻǣмǸôܶ˷ǲʶǸ֡
Ҳ˶ʶ
мǸӦötiɡţӦûдS
ԭǸֶtiȷĶֳЩ֪ӦôģҲȫ֪ˡ
ȻǸļ飬Sػ֮һSĲSļ̳ߣӵг
һǧǰ߷ӡбСS塣
SˡSᣬ֮һS֮ĳߣӵмߵĸ츳
׺±ϵĽɫ̫£ǲS̳ߵ֤ݡ
һָ񶷴ϣSڰսʤɣ֮ھսʤú裬ȡʤ18λڸ񶷴Ķ㣬Ӵ˽ʶ˶ú輰ɡ
SһλŸ񶷼ңȻѧҵȴһͿ衢ٵϿ˯θǼҳ㷹˳
SԭҪѧģΪKOF񶷴ĳʤھʹѧУ룬Աѧ
ܱѧSʱգҲȻûܴѧУҵ
ȻⲻΪSѧҵû츳̫ˣԸѧϰټϳΪкͲμӱȱΣ޷ѧУҵҲʮ
SԸѷʵǿΪţЩʱҲŹͷЩ̫࣬ڱ˵Ĺġ
ڼˡѡˡͽܵˣĳЩ׻ܵ˺ʱֳŭһ档
⣬Sӵĸ񶷼ҹϵܺã໥Ц˵ЩЦڡ
˹ڲSļ飬˶˧ֿСӣһ˽⡣
СӲǸ򵥵ǡSᣬҲ֮һS֮ĳϣܹǳԵĿó
ӵгߵĸ츳ڴҵԤ֮УС񶼻ûдѧУҵڴҵ֮ˡ
Щ̿λ츳ߵ꣬Ҳ˿ɰһ档
ʱϷ˵ִSǵĹ³ĵһǵĹ¿ʼ֮ǰ˽һ£ŵĸ꣬Щ񶷾뿴Ļ
⻰νֳ֮ģ˽˲S֮ڵȷ֪SЩ񶷾
ˣȫĿˣչ󷽵һ鳬Һϡ
˷ܶڴ
ֻĻS˧ֿӳڴĻϣ㡣
һֳֻ֣ϵ̫ºȼյĻ棬ʮۣSӳյø˧ᣡ
ƵЧȻҪȺϵ󣬸ֳ࣬еȫȡ
ĻеĲSʼԼıݣָʽƵвʽܹӰӣ˷ܲѣѪȼա
Щֻͨʽıɱɱǿ˼ѡ
Sʹһ֮ͻȻ񣬶ֳ֣ɱʽգ
һټʽֵĳֳ֣ǰδе˷ܣֻоóһеĲSʵ̫˧̫ˣ
Sıɱֻաһ֡
ɱʮʽģ
ɱʮʽ
ɱŰʮʽwժ
ÿʹһֱɱͶһΣÿһλ涨񣬶ֳе˼Ϊ˷ܡ
⣬ûнгɱ
ɱٰʽS
ɱվս塤ʽ
ɱȻȱɱѤᣬǿ
ֳȻҲø˷ܣ



ڶǧʮ ú
Sĳɱһֳȫǰδе˷ܡ
ܶʱ򶼸оǲڿһϷڿһʷ׳ʵĶӰ
ڣⲿӰĹ»ûʽʼѾ˿˷ˡ
ֻһֻϷ
ܶ˵ﶼʣΪǽ֣ƺֻһ򵥵ĸֻϷ
ݲSļ飬ƺԷ֣һӶ־ʵĹ¡
һֻϷȷһϷûӶʡ
ʣ˵Ȥ󣬶ԹµĿʼԼҪǳڴ
˵ٴ˲Sĸ־֮ǵĹҲӦʽʼˡҼĻ
仰ʵԲ˵ΪұһֱŴĻϡ
ĻӰһοʼ
һΣֳ˵ĸоǣڿһӰˡ
񶷼ǣյһСKOF飬񶷼ǰȥ򣬲μһΪKOFĸ񶷴
ΪRԣⲻֻһš
յʤ飬õľ޶Լø񶷼ҵ
ˣܶĸ񶷼Ҷȥ⽫һĸ񶷴
Ϊŵĸ񶷼ңSᣬ֮һS֮ĳ߲SȻҲյһ顣
SΪһŵˣȻǷǳԸȥġ
Ҫڱжôš
ֻǣһεKOFٰ췽ҪӲμӡ
ԣSҪ񶷼ңһǰȥ
ôS񶷼ң
ֳеȫǳڴΪԴţ񶷼Ҫˡ
ʱӰͣЦǺǵȫеˣװǣ˭ܹµS񶷼𣿡
˵ʻֳȫڵһʱЩɻôܲµõ
ܿ۾һǻпܲµõ
ΪڲSļ˵ˣSһָ񶷴ϣȺսʤ˴ɺͶú裬˳Ϊֿѡ
ôSˣпܾˡ
˵ֳ˶۾һֿԺܸߡ
ǣ˴˵ǴɺͶú𣿡
˹һЦ˵ûǡ
ͬʱĻϵӰܿͳһ
ֵʱ򣬻涨ֳȫ۾ˡ
ȥ֣Ҿ֪һɺͶúеһˡ
Ϊ֪ͣһһ񶷼ҡ
ֻʮǿ׳¶鸹ʮԣؼֱ۴׳
ȫÿһ鼡⣬һ޾
һ񶷼ҡ
ҲͬΪ˧һѪֻǸϰһͷ˾ƺô
Ȼȴ൱磬ͷǷģ߳ȥĻͷʾðٷ֮٣ֱ̫ˡ
ңͷǶһ޷ģ˭ͷܹŪͣ
ֳеȫ۾ֻҪһۣǾͳ׵ļסˣ˧ͷļһ
һֽú衣
Ӱ涨ͬʱչһͺҿһͺȻǣڶúͼˡ
ֳеͬΪĸȤΪ˷ܡ
ú裬ͬһŵĸҼҾʮԽüŵĻ᳤֮ӣӵпһģĵòŶա
һλżĸʼʱ򣬺ڸ񶷲жôרעֻȤеһֶѡ
Ÿ񶷼ңܲרעʵȴȻǿսˣ˺һ˿һ
ҲΪˣڸ񶷲ŲרעֻҲûܹսʤˡ
ͲSһһΪŵļһ
ֻǣ輫ΪŵģֻԼĸʵԼ˧ĳࡣ
Ҳ˵һＫΪԼֱ˧ˡһӣһǷͷ
ȻһҲȷ˧ˡ
˧ȷ
ڸ񶷲רעֱһΰܱеĵһΰܱ֮󣬺ŶԸרע
ʱֳ˼Ѿµһΰܱǰ˭ˡ
ûǰ˲Sϡ
һָ񶷴ľͲS
ȲSһּ꣬ţԣΪԼӮˡ
Ľ֣ȴǺˡ
Ȼֻϧܣվǰˡ
ҲΪһΰܱúʶˣϻвѷɫţڿʼԸרע
ᵽһܱһֱáΪǸûʲôսˣ΢ˡΪϧܵĽڡ
ò˵赱ʱӦЩġ
Ͼһšļһ˵ڱд⣬ʵһǳ顣
ӿ͹Ͻ赱ʱ㲻⣬ҲӦӮ˲S
ΪSʵܵ˵ȷҪȺʤһ
һǲܳһġ
ȻһʼͶԸʮרעôͲSʵ˭ǿǲ˵ˡ



ڶǧʮ ԽԽ
˺ļ飬ܶ˶ڵһʱϲˣ˧ּšļһ
S֮Ҫһӣһʵǿ֮⣬ΪͨһѾΪֿѡ
ôļһֶЩʲôĸ񶷾
ֳ˶ǳĺڴ
Ļϣ治ٶ񣬶һתת˺迪ʼԼ񶷾Ļ档
һܶʽ磬ɱͳɱ
ԭһܹ׵磬ֲһͷܹ𣬷ء
ԭΪһˣ׵ˣöˣͷˣˡܶ˶뵽Ѻͷܹԭ򣬹Ϊƽʱˣˣöˡ
Ȼֻǵһֵ٩Ϊ
裬һȻҪȲSȤΪ̫ˡ
ҵȷʱļһǷǳȤ͸Цġ
ֳ˶Ժ£ȫǳڴ
ȫе˷ܣԲS֮ʶһжúļһ
SҪ˺Լӣôں֮ȻӦǸɵˡ
ֳ˶ǳڴ
ʵȻҲˣں֮һ
һǴɡ
ʮָߴǿ׳˵ĸо̺ͬ޾ķȻ˵˧Ҳйоأֻ۾Щ̫Сˣ
ͬһλʵǳǿĸ񶷼ңȭų󣬶ԿնԵضǿսݡ
ͶɽǴɵĿұ֮һжǿڿֱӰѶշɣѶշ֮󣬻һױɱνʮֵı
ͬһָ񶷴Уʱ򣬴SղвS
֮ȴSΪֿѡ
ˣSλѡȫλѡֵķװ͡ԸصԼʽǴͬڵһʱ䣬ֳ·ǳ̵ӡ
ֳеˣֻһ۾ͳ׼סˣҪֻ¶ˡ
Ϊʲô
ȻΪ϶ΪĳɹǸţˣš
Ӧ˵еţΪǵ
һеĸܵˣƷӵеľ
ķƷֻҪƷһӵžԵ
ȫһεģȷһ㡣
ֳе˶˷ܣ˷ܵǣ⻹ֻǳʮ
Ķʮÿһﶼһֻһ۾Ҳ˵Ļָоˬ
˶ֻܹܹǳȷҪһҲS衢һ˿һ۾Ҳˡ
ΪЩߣҲͬ
ֳ˷ܣּȵڴ
ʱֳеȫеǳңǽֳЩԭֳΪϷƳĽֻϷпǳֳֶ֮ˡ
ΪеңҿˡȻɾʹ˼ĵʱˡ
ҽܵһʱ䵽
΢һЩڶȻչԶΧЩһҪȴֽ
һ쳤ŲЩģ
չԶĵط췽عԱѷǳҪȥչˣȫΧ
ٷ˽ȥˣȻпܻᷢʲô¹ʡ
Χˣʱȴһʮļȥ
һЩǿϷϢ֮
ʼֳϷһչϷϢ
Χˣȫ֪ˣһϷȭʡҲ֪һЩϷصĸ񶷼ǣҪȥ򣬲μһΪKOFĸ񶷴
ⳡ񶷴ıʵһ޴ı
Ҳ֪˵һλһݻ꣬һܹ׵磬ļһ
֪ˡȭʡƺֻһֻϷһӶ־ʵĹµȵȡȵȡ
֪ЩϢ֮󣬱ΧˣͣҪȥϷչԿ
ʹǶûʲôȤȥϷչˣֻʲôʱܹȥ
뷨ԽԽࡣ
ˣԽԽ˾ۼΧȥϷչ
ڡȭʡϢҲھۼȺԽۼԽǲ뿪ֻȥϷչ
ϢԽԽ㣬Ĵݵÿһ䣬ԽԽˣļڱϷչﶺ



ڶǧʮ ׳Ϊ
ԽԽˣļڱϷչﶺ
ԭǣȥϷչȵϷչһЩԽȥ֮ȥϷչ
ڣѾϷչﶺˡ
һΪڡȭʡϢ˽Ϸ
˽⡶ȭʡ֮ǰ˽Ϸˡ
ǽ֣Ҫȵչ٣ǲ̫ˣȵչݵʱǶܡ
ΪϷչΧѾзǳˡ
ȵϷչ뿪֮ѾΧЩˣ϶ͻ뵽Ϸչֻܿչﵽ͡
һûʲô¶ˡ
ԣҪڽ뵽ϷչĻҲֻȥΧš
Ȼûʲôᡣ
ȻҲе˶ģˣռ˴
ԣ󲿷ֵˣϷչΧ£
ͽһϷչԼչΧۼ˴ˣʮҽټϷ˾չֻкٵˡ
ЩۼչΧˣԸʲôҲҲԸ⵽Ϸ˾չȿһ
һϷ˾ֳĸˣЩסˣԤģЩһˡ
˵ǿȭʡĽֻϷӰѾԶԶǵ
ԭΪϷչʱ˻ѡȵϷ˾չ˽˽⡣
һʼҲȷģǵչԽԽˡ
ֻšȭʡϢϴʼˡ
ûʲô¿˼չѾչĿˣЩ𼱻ǵ뿪ˡ
ǵչ･ֻ˺ٵˣЩչѾһˡ
˶ûУǻչʲô
Ϸ˾չֳסˣ׷ֵ߳չۼһӦô죿
ܹô죿ֻһ취Ǿȥһչ췽
μһεչᣬǸǮģҷòͣȴôûп˽չǮǰװ׳
¶췽ҪΣֻǮǵչûп˲ǡ
ֻչûпˣֻ˵ǵϷû˿ˣ췽ûйϵ
еչﶼûпˣ췽ͱҪˡ
ǣϷ˾չֳˣһԼ˾߲㱨ֳһ췽ʱ칫ȥ
Ϸ˾ܻ߸߲㸺ˣܶ඼ֳҾϷչȺΧǽӵԹ˾չֳĸ˻㱨֮󣬶ֻοЦһ
ʵֳ˵Ļ㱨ҲܹµΪǷǳ˽Ϸչߵ
֪Լ˾չǼûʲôˡ
ǺΣֻпЦǶȴܹ⡣
ΪȭʡķǳˣǶˣôͲֻһϷһܹΪ֮ԵĸƷ
ֻҪƳһֻϷģֻһϷˣ
Ϸ˾ܺ͸ֻ߲οЦľҲûʲô취ֻϣֳȥ췽ˣܹʵĽһ⣬ܹǹ˾չһЩ

췽ʱ칫
ԸϷ˾ĸˣ췽ҲǳΣǲϷ˾ĸ˻
ʵϣ˽⵽ֳĿǰ֮󣬾֪Ϸ˾һġ
ֻǣҲûʲô취ۼȫǿԼԸûȨԤӦﲻǡ
ֻ˵ȭʡӰ֮ʼδģ֮ǰû
췽˿Цһ˵ҲǳźȷʵʼδġڣֻܾȰ˵ţȥչ˽һ£ȻһһȥϷչЧʵǲãԸ˻һַáǾΣ
Ϸ˾ĸˣ㿴ңҿ㣬Ҳֻһ̾
µƺҲֻˣ췽ȷܹǿȥԤǵѡ
ûа취һעֻܳ׵ĳΪˣһεչᣬҲעҪ˷ˡ
ֻϣܹٿǮᡣ

췽ˣԸ֣֯ϷչΧۼˣȰ˵赼Ȱ˵ҿȥϷչ˵ϷչչϷҲǳ
ȻЧ
Ϊܶ˶˼ˣûߡôٵʱȥˣȴûнȥôУ
ԣ췽Ȱ˵Ч
Դˣ췽ҲΡ



ڶǧʮ Ů񶷼
ϷչΧ˲Ը뿪ǾһĹڡȭʡϢһߵȴչ١
췽ΣϷ˾չֳ˸ΣһεչǳûϷˡ
Ϸչֳȭʡﻹγֳе˻Ȼ˷ܶ
ڴɳ֮󣬲SԱȫ롣
ôӦóˡ
׹Sú衢ˣ緢
һȻȻͻǳĹ£˷ܶڴ
˸·ɻһ䡰ŮǣǵԾ˺ɧֳȫ̿ԽԽϲɫˡ
һŮƺŸ·Ҵֱײ˺ϡ
ֳ۾һҲɧļһҪһ˲ɣ˵ŮһŮײ
ŮȷķǳȥЩЩ
ɧͻȻ֮䱻ײˣջ𣬻ȭҪԷһԷȻǸŮֱ̬֮ӷһٰʮȵת䣬ŮĵǸֱûû£˵ôӢεˣôأ
ɧӣҪɧжɧòSʹˣʵǿȥˣֱˣǸһ
ֳȴϲ
󣬺軹ҪŮϵʽŮ棬˵ҵʮְ
û취ǸҾʮָԣ
ֻϧŮڵǸֱ֮ӴҴܿˡ
úܿϧֳҲͬЩϧ
ȫ룬ŮҲһ񶷼ңҲҪȥμKOF񶷴ͺˡ
ŮػǳҫۣЩǵĴ򶷣ɻᾪࡣ
ֻϧӦǲǵģѡֳ˵ʶӦˣŮǸѡֵģ
ʵϣڹȥиֻϷУȫԽɫһŮԽɫûС
ֳ˶ЩϧҲûа취顣
ܿ죬˾ͱǰδе˷ܡ
ΪԴҴܿŮ˶񣬶Ļܡ
ͬʱչһͺҿ
˶ζʲôζһλѡֳˡ
һѡ֣ǸŮ
ٺϣ
ٺΪ͸ϰ䣬һ͵͵׼μKOFȭʴ
ǸŮȻһѡ֣һҪμKOFȭʴ
ֳ֮ǰԸ棬Ȼǰδе˷ˡ
ȥôôŮȻһѡ֣ǿҵķʵ˸е˷ܺڴ
ôŮֺ˴ʱһĳ
һǳǳľޡ
ֳȫǳڴ
һŮҲǸѡֵϢѸٴչΧ
Χŵ˵֮󣬶ʱøӵͺżҲ뿴Ҳ뿴Ů񶷼ҵ׳ʲôģ
ϧǿֻŮ񶷼ҵ
ãԽԽǼͣνЩʹڼ尾
չΧ˵ļ尾չû˼ȥᣬȫȫעĶŴĻ
Ů񶷼ٺϳ֮󣬺ܿһλ񶷼ҳˡ
һλĻԱʧʧײһСŮ
ۿСŮҪײϣS˼̳ȡ
ȻһһǸСŮ
ǸһɫпˣͷһдĸĺɫñӣǷЬͷɫҺܳԺ
ͬ˿һۣҲ˵װ͡
󣬻涨ʾǸ˵ֽ𡤲ӵ¡
һֳһ˷ܡ
ңһ֪𡤲ӵµˣһǳҪ
ļУܹһ
һ¶СͰһ常ܷ常ܷװİҽϰ䣬ϰ񶷼ɡ
ʦ常ܷ
ʵǿڸϲûʲô츳һпֻǿԶȳĿ
֮Ҫ˿̿и񶷣常˹ɱйء
˹ΪԼ˽ɱ常ܷƴӴֳ֮Ϊ˹¶
Ҫɱ˹Ϊ常ܷ򱨳Ȼ֮Ҫ̿еһҪԭ
ԣļܵܰԼ˼˹
Ϻͼ˹ںӦöֳ̳˺ڴ
ʻһǳҪֳ˶ǳȷһ㣬Ĺ£ͬڴ
󣬲S衢ˣͷй䣬һ׷һȺʲôˡ
һ񶷼ҳ֮ǰŮ񶷼ٺϵĸ磬



ڶǧʮ ﲻϳ
ٺϵĸ磬
׷һȺˣսĺˣҲ뵽׷УSʹΣҲֻü뵽׷
׷һȺˣ˹µĹ˾¥¡
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׷һȺˣǼ˹˾֣ͨǸĶ֡
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˼ΪóС֮ơ
ֳ˶۾һӦҲһѡְɣ
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ĳ죬ڼ˹¹˾¥£ΪһЩԭԱִԱǴñѪܵϰ弪˹ʶͱıڡ
𲽵õ˹ΣΪ˹̴ӡ
Ҳ˶ڼ˹ǳأΪԼĸһ㣬Ƽ˹Ϊ常
أԸ׺ݡȻʱȴ̱һĺø硣
ǱľУʮֺǻ
гͷϵͷһʱ͸
˹һɫΪ˹ӼɽȻҲڷɫˡ
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˵ֲಮ٣һ֮󲻷¡
ʱϵ˴֣Ҳ뵽սС
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Ը죬װҲĸ񶷸ǣϵĳÿһĳֳе˸еһȫµ˷ܡ
ڴŸ񶷸ǲϳĸоʵ൱ֳÿһ˶С
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涨޲ءǡ
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޲سţҲᣬǲϲ̳м⣬־Ϊһ񶷼ҡ
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ʱ޲ԶԶĶ֣״ܡ
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һʵĴ֮һˡ
𡢰ϡˣǱ뼪˹ʧܣһй۲ʲô˻㱨ոյ˵ʲôǵȷ⣬ոճ˵С״ҿ⼸ѻȥˡ
ʮǿ׳һīͷϴһɫñӣпˣǰƺһӵ
ˡʷ϶
ԽԽ࣬ԽԽʣֳеԽԽǹ񫡣
ֳԣЩѪš
ٺҪμKOFȭʴһδҪӲμӡ
ˣٺϻҪŮԸ񶷼Һһӡ
ҵĵһŮԸ񶷼ҽȥЩԣԵ·Եķ͡
ʵϣŮװ񶷼̩ȭŮװ̩ȭлùھ
ȻŮԸ񶷼ңΪ̫ԣֳеˣûиеޡ
Դˣֳе˶Щź
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ڴŮԸ񶷼ңܹٺһŮ͵ģֻǾ͵ġ
ٺҵĵһŮԸ񶷼ңȴ˵ԣоһԸ񶷼һ
ֳȻǳźˡ
Ϊԣֳ˶ٺҪҵģһŮԸ񶷼ңڴ
һŮԸ񶷼ңҲһԡĻǿ϶ӵź
ԣΪ˴ôźһЩڴֵ̫



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ֳеˣȫһЩڴֵ
ܿ죬ٺĵڶŮԽɫͳˡ
ٺһֵߣ˵һȥμKOFȭʴ֮ͻȻһ򶷵졣
ٺϺϹȥһֻüǿ׳ĵƦåΧһŮӣ˵ЩḡĻҪǸŮвΪ
ٺϺˣǸΧŵŮӺȴΪǸŮӵģٺϻʮֵ˷ܣﺰšС㡱
ԭΧŵǸŮӣٺҪģڶŮԸ񶷼ҡ
ֳ˿屻ΧŵŮӵò֮󣬲ȫ΢΢һ㶡
ǸŮӺв̫һ
ѾڴֵڣǷȫûбҪڴֵ
ΪǸŮ̫ˣöǣ
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¶СܹĶȻʮֲ
ֳ˶룬ǸŮӲǴһɵ£ǴһµĻǾʵ̫ˡ
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ֳȫ൱ڴȶЩԸ񶷼Ҹӵڴ
ôŮӽʲôֳ֣ȫȲҪ֪
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Ůӱǡȭʡϵгɫ֮һĲ֪衣
֪֮ôߣսʱĴʮֻԸУŲСĹϵ
ܶὫ֪֣ǲ֪衣
ʵȷĶӦǣ֪衣
֪裡ֳȫסģһ֣Ȼ̫ʲô˼ȴоʮֵĲһһ˵о
ͷ·ҲǸŮһȫڵһʱס֡
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ټϻٺϺԱأƦåһᱻĺܲҡ
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ƦåȻû嵱ǰʽΪСǵ֮Ų֪衢ٺϡȳ֡
Ϸݣֳȫʮֵ˷ܺڴ
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򶷿ʼٺϺȳ֡
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ģ֮ǰԼĸޡ
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Ϊ֪迪ʼսʱ֮ǰŵǼ²ˣʣµĴżΪԸУﲻȥЩ£Ӧö֪
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Ļʵ̫̫ޣ
˵һ޴ľϲ˼Ϊ˷ܵľϲ
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֪һЩʽͱɱ𣬵֪ʹʽʱֳ˶鲻Խġۡһ
̫̫ͣƦå͵ùˣʹ֮ǰһúܲҡ
ֳȫҡͷһǿ
ҲӦãݺݵĽѵЩһһ٣ҲΪˡ
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ֻϧƦåһͱſڵˡ
⼸ƦåܹپһЩǸжã
ֳ˶ʮź



ڶǧʮһ Ļıʹ
ֳ˶Щźȫڴ֪һγ֡
˵֪ĳ׾ֳеˡ
ֳڵ֪֪Ѿֲ֮еһź
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֪ǲ֪ǰң֪صŮСĸ˫游󣬲ѧϰ֪Ƿȭ
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ѧϰǲ֪ص㡣
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ңܵǿܳͭ񣬽֮ղء
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գS衢Ԫիˣ˼˹¬һεı
һеһжȻûн
ֳеˣΪѾˣʱ̲ŵǳһȴ˷֣»ԶԶûн
Ÿոտʼ



ڶǧʮ ᵽʵ
S衢Ԫիŵȵȸ񶷼ǣմĻ¬Ҳ¬ı
Ҳʹ˽
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Ϊ߽ԭ򣬿̫Ǹ˵ݣֻܿͷʳɫʮֶأܳסһ۾ʹֻ¶һֻ۾ͣԼСա
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Χ㿴ңҿ㣬ȫ㲻
˵ʱӦлģǷʲôʣֱЩ˱˷ܣ鲻ԽĻ
Ӧþûдˡؼǵ׷ʲôıʣܹ˻һ˷ܣǼΪ˷ܣ׷ʲôļ
֪ȫӦúܿͻϢ

ΧȻɻ󣬵ܹµóӦǷʲôʣ巢ʲôıʣǾͲ²ˣֻЩĵ洫Ϣ
ϷչֳˣʱҲͬǳĽ
ǷǳҪ֪ᵽʵ˭ʲô֣ǲһ񶷼ңʲôݱ
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ʱͻȻֳ˲䰲ȫס˺۾ﾡ˷ܺڴɫ
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飡飡Ŀ飡
ֳĴ˿׷ҪԱǸᵽʵݣЩеûģʵ̫ˡ
ֱǿҪ߳ʱͻȻ֮ܵȾţֱŵʲôʲôˡ
ǳصģòã
ôϵԸ
ȻЧ
δ˵ĸЦǺǵ˵װǣǽȻڣ԰꣬ĵĵȴ
ĴĿ𣬵Ч



ڶǧʮ ˻
ֳһǿҵĿ飬ֻЧ֮վֻܷǳźһ̾
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ܻǵİԱȻҲʲôľٶ
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ȻǳļкܣǳĲҲֻεĽܡ
ϷǸᵽʵݰɡ
ԸϷθڣ̫ˡ
ȻڶǸﻹһֶ֪֪ǸӰȴѾӡֳÿһ˵
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ϷչᣬĿģҲǳϷġ
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ΪչΧˡ
Щ˵ΪľǵչЩ뿪֮Ǻۿȭʡ
ΧŵƣҲҪʮܹе˶ۿһΡ
ôʱͷǳˣûʱ桶ȭʡϷ
췽ҵϷˣЦܣϷ滷ھȡ˰ɡȻҪɧҲɣϣܹ⡣
Ϸĸ֮һ죬Ե˵ͷʾ԰Ϸ滷ȡȫܹ⡣
ʵϣȭʡӰѾһֲֿ˹ĳ̶ȣȭʡϷѾȫûıҪ
ôչһ뿪µһ˽ɡ
ֳ˵װĸλѣϷǣǳлҶԡȭʡ֧֡ΪԭǽϷ滷ھȡˣǳıǸϣܹ⡣ڣд뿪չϣҲҪȻٿһ顶ȭʡΪҶ֪滹ŷǳˣϣܹѻᣬЩûпˣллҵ֧֡
ֳȷвˣ¹ۿһ顶ȭʡ뷨
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аԱŬ֮£ڶ˳뵽Ϸչ
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ڣܹĿˡ
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¿ʼȻѪڣܡ

ŵһȺһ뿪ģиϷ˾ܻ߸߲㸺ˡ
ʱΣҲӿ϶һ㣬ǹ˾һչչϷ᳹׵ĳΪǡ
˵еϷ˾һζΪǡ
ֻ߸׼ȷ˵еϷ˾ʱѾ׵ĳΪǡ
Ϸ͡ȭʡѾΪǣǡȭʡеǡ
λܺ͸˺Σȴûκεİ취һչĻᣬ˷Ҳֻ˷ˡ
ңλܺ͸˻ǳȷ֪չֳ˻öࡣ
ң˽ֻϷңдĶǡ
ΪȭʡֻһϷһĶƷ
չֳˣȫϷңǱΪϷ
ֻû뵽һѪڵĶƷǡ
ͻ᲻һˡ
ΪڡȭʡϢһᴫ磬Щǿ֮ﻹܹס
Ҫ֪ĶƷǡ֮ĶƷܹסŹ֡



ڶǧʮ Ϸչ䡶ȭʡӳ
ʵȻҲ͸Ϸ˾ܣ͸߲㸺һڡȭʡϢһۿ꡶ȭʡ뿪ˣѸٷϡ
ֻǳϷȥģȴ˭֪һ֮ľϲϷ֮⣬ǿһ˾ʵĶƷ
ֳе˶ǶԣЩ֮ǰǲƷģǶڡȭʡȴϲ˼¡
ԺǻȻῴĶƷǶڡȭʡȴһ׷ס
˾ʵƷ뿪Ϸչ֮ȻȲķϡ
֮ǰ˵һϣиˣȥȥϲϲⲿƷԽǵĸоԽ
ң˵ҲһССװƻᡣ
ԣǷν鼫ߣǸʺͲ⣬ȫϸĵĻش
϶ʱ÷ǳ֡
ҲļٵģһƳƷֻһϷһʵĶƷ
ǵȻǸողſ˳ڻŶӵſءֱ̫ˣ֮ǰƷΪϷȥˣôϷôһ¶ˡ
S衢ɡ𡢲֪衢ŵȡԪիˡ¬ȵȡȵȣÿһﶼƾ䣬ֻҪһҲˡģڹµĽβŵǳǸᵽʵֻϧٷ˹ӣûйǸ˵ݣǼˡȻ˵Ĺ½βָǸոտĹ½βʵϣⲿƷӦûԶԶûнŸոտʼ
ô˵ĳµĶƷˣڵȵµĶƷˡһΪЩǣ׵ء
ȷе˵ӦһΣϷͶƷһܽϷͶΪһˣֻһˡ

ڡȭʡϢѸĶǣ֪ȭʡֻһϷһƷ֮ȫǰδе˷ܡ
ֳƷˡ
һƷǡ֡˵ʱʵҲ̫ãڶ˵͸оʵѾ̫ˡ
Ϣٷ֮ٵ׼ȷȭʡȷһƷֻⲿƷħһεϷչֳӺ϶ʱ޷տҪĻֻȥչֳ
ȥȥھٹȥħĻƱĶƷһҲȲˡ
侲侲ȥֳ⣬Ҫһ£ȥֳ˾ôˣȥֳֻ࣬ҼȥֳҲһܹ
ȥ˵ȥٻлᣬȥĻǰٷ֮ٿġ
ðɣ˵Ҳе

ĶǣڼƻǰħϷչֳ

չظˣľ쵽ǼΡ
ԻзǳĶֳһһεչǳ׵ĻˡҪչϷģȴƺΪһӰԺҶ˽Ϸģۿȭʡġ
ϷչΪˡȭʡӳֻܹƷӰʵ̫ˣֱԶԶǵ󡣡
ЩϷ˾ķãȫ˻ȥɣľҲʵûɣȡǵķˡңҪϣǲҪ
ӦòᣬϾƷǾ֣Ҳ֡
֮İһҪãһܷκεİȫ¹ʡ
ȻҶΪȭʡǸɴĹ㳡һĻﲥˡһܹͬʱɴ˹ۿܹЧķֹȫ¹ʵķһεϷչѾʵˣԾһ¶Ӱˡ
ҲãǾô졣
췽ֻܹοЦ

ϷչһһȭʡҲһһ飬ϱչݵʱõֳÿһˣչۿһΡȭʡ
֮췽ҵϷ죬ʾϣܹĹ㳡ϲšȭʡ
ԴȻȻͬ⡣

ڶϣۼչ᳡㳡ϵˣȻࡣ
ңڲϴ˷ӿ㳡
Укܴһ˶Ƕǣ˷ܡڴֵǡ
˷ܡڴԲض˵ǽѽ뵽Ϸչȥۿ
ܿ죬ֵǾûˡ
Ϊչ췽ոշһ棬콫ڹ㳡õĴĻϲšȭʡôעⰲȫҪӵ
㳡ʱ󻶺֮֮ǰĵûˡ
ֻǣúõһϷչᣬʱѾױΪˣȭʡķӳ
ܶ˶ԴֻοЦ


ڶǧʮ 
㳡ϻ׶ȭʡһĻ
ЩרΪ˶Ķǣ׵ĳ˾ĶƷС
һһ˸е˷ܣǼסÿһ
Ǹе˷ܵȻڱʱ̲ųģǸᵽʵ
ڶ̸֮Ҳǳ
ҶһͳһʶǾһһǳҪ
Ҫ֪ݵԸǰδеǿң
ϷٷڹһϢһϷչһ죬ʽݡ
ϷչὫ죬Ҳ˵ǣݵĽʱ䡣
̣Ҳ㳤ѾԽĵʱˡ
е˶ڵȴ
ڵȴĹУ˷׷չϷԸչһʱֱͬݱĻ档
ȻչĹ㳡ϣܹɺܶˣܶ˶ȥֳۿ
ܹɵʱڵȴˣʵ̫̫ˡ
ң˶ܳ鿪ȥֳۿǶЩħ˵
ˣ󲿷ֵˣעʱ޷ȥֳۿ
ֱͬǽ޷ۿ˵һʹ顣
ˣֱͬԸʮǿң
췽Ϸ֮ͬǵ
ʱݽʱ򣬽ֱͬ
ϢһеȫȸԾ
ϻֱܹͬȥֳˣǻѡȥֳ
ϾϿֱĸоԶԶֳܺۿᲢۡ
ԣĹ㳡ȻǻΪ췽İȻ֮ء

ʱúܿ죬ת۾͵Ϸչһ졣
ϣʱ仹ϰ˵㣬չĹ㳡ϾѾΪ
ԤǣڵһЩʱټĹ㳡ϣҲ޷ɸˡ
һߵȴһ໥֮죬ȫǳߡ
ĽݣȻǹʱ̳ġ
ڣݼ
ֳӿ˴ˣöˣʱ˿ϵֱĿʼ
ϣͬΪ֣˶ۡȭʡʱ̳Ǹ
ʱڻȥڵ9
9㣬Ϸģݵʱ䡣
ϵֱͬѾ֮ǰʼ
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Ϊ㳡ĴĻϣڽӰѾʼˡ
ĵʱ̣ڵ
ȫס˺ɴ۾ĻҲ˶䡣
ֳܰҲ
ĻϣûֱӿżɽģǸݣǴһα˵
˵һǧ˰ǰ߼צ˽ܼͼ࣬ͼһжΪޡ
֮Ϊļ壬S塢˳塢߷ӡĺ˷ֱػ
Դˣ˶Ѿ֪ˣ֪SǲSĺˣػ֮һġS
һ֪ǣǸеһ壬˳йء
˳ͲS壬ȻͬΪ壬һǧ˰ǰӡ˴߼צ˽ܼ
˳һֱûвSǿ֮ĹϵҲжá
˵˳һֱЩڲSӰ֮¡
ʱţǰ˳彥ڲSӰ֮¡
ӡĴ߸֪ˣ˳˼ʼٻ˳壬ð˳屳ػˡ
߳ɹˡ
˳壬ʹǩˡѪ֮Լػˡ
Լ̶߸˳˳Ϊ񡱣ҷػ߷ӡʹ
ԼЧ˳Ӵ˸Ϊ壬ҵõ˴ߴ
˴ߴʵͻͽǻ˴֮ռ塪Ů
򡰰Ů֮󣬰ʵںͲS岻ˡ
SҲʶ˰ıѣʼ˷
Ӵ֮֮ҲûֹͣΪʵ£Ҳһֱûзֳʤ
ĺˣӳһ𣬾Ѿעǵһֹݡ
ǵ
ڣSĺˣǴѾǳϤĲS
Sӳһ𣬾עһ֣Ǿǰͬʱĺˡ
ʱе˶һϣƺѾµˣǸˡ
ǾǲSһ֣ĺˡ
ʵȻҲȷˡ
ȭʡֵĻٴγ֣һûеƹ̨ϣһᵽʵ౴˹
һζ
ϤĻ棬ϤĶ񣬴ҶѾϤˡ
ΪĻѾģӡǵԺ֮С
֮ǰڻ涨֮󣬳ֵһʺš
ڣȻٳʺˣе˶ȷһ㣬ȫס˺ɴ۾
һγֵĹȻʺţһ˵֣
֣



ڶǧʮ ˾ƱͰŮ
ʱ̳ǰȫ֣
ȭʡϵƷУкܶĽɫ磺S衢𡢲֪衢ŵȡˡȵȡ
Ҫ˵˭ߣǺǰ
SͰǡȭʡϵƷλǣĳ̶ֳ˵S壬˵а񣬵ȴվڲSĶġ
ȻһصˣʱҲվһͲSս
ǰͲSսˣҲȫġ
ڰҲãаҲգƺôҪ
һЩìܵˣһԼᱩԼ˴ʱȴǼΪı
ĸ񶷾ҲԱƣ䳬ɱĴ֮ռ塪ŮǼĲ̱Ű
ŮԷʱǿצڵϿ˺֮˫Էͷ˱鲼ȫ˺ͬʱѪ
ν൱Ĳ̱Ű
Ϊһ̱ŰˣҲˣڻվ΢Цţιè
ܰˣ䱾ǲ̱ܲŰġ
Щʱᷢ񣬱Ϊ֮ҹ֮Ѫİ񡱡
İ񣬹ƾʮֲ̱Űˡ
֮ЩʱᷢΪǩˡѪ֮Լ
ˣӵУ֮ѪģһʶġѪ֮ߡ
ΪСʱΪһЩԭ򱻸ɱǴ߾Ȼ
ԣĳֽǶ˵ʹ֮䣬ĳʮ΢Ĺϵ
վǰ񣬼ˣҲԸΪʹ
ҲˣЩʱͲSսվڴߵĶ档
񲢲һˣҲ壬ȴԱȲSߣǡȭʡϵƷУûʲôһˡ
ԸװŲСĹϵ
װ϶һ޶ģǷǳ˧ͿģΪ֮Եġ
˶봩һװװ൱˧Ϳᡣ
ʵϣȷкܶ˶ŪһףװϣϧǸ˵ĸо˧ҲǿᣬһСЦ
ʵ֤װֻдڰϣǵ˧ͿᣬҪģ¶С
Ȼ֮ǵһֻΪһ޶װܶ෽ԭйء
ĳԵĶ̨ʡʽȵȷ档
ֱ͡йϵ
ֱײܸߵ
еһۺΪȭʡϵƷУߵҲʮˡ

֣
һֳ֣ˣտֱˣȫڵһʱ亰һȻ
Ȼǰĺˡ
־á֣֡ͺһǳ˧ǳĿᡣ
Ȼǰĺˣô־עǲSһ֡
еȫе˷ܣԺĹ³ڴֺͲSˣһĶֺѡ
⣬Ȼܹ˵ȭʡĹ£ȻŸոտʼ
ȫеǳ˷ܣΪȭʡĹ²ŸոտʼΪôһﱾ
ڰֵֺݱ֮ǰֻֽƾڶļ̻棬Ѿ˷ǳߵ
ֺݱֵǷǣѾгΪȭʡߵĽɫơ
ȻҶѾоʵһˣҲ壬վĶ棬֪ΪΣҾ͸оԼϲ
ΪֿᵽʵװֻΪֱ֡ΪĳЩԭ
֮ҾϲɣҲûɡ
ĻϣڰֵӰ滹ûнȫ˷ܵĶŴĻϣϲİ֡
Ӱڽܣֵĳɱ֮һ˾Ʊ
˾Ʊǰ壬ڵӡߵսУռ塣
֮ʱģͷţͨߵԼ˺ͬʱ˾Ʊеˣᱻֹͣʱ䣬ҲǽʶһʱڱɿհףӶʹ߸еʱֹͣ
ⲻ˵ʱֹͣˣ˰˾Ʊɱˣоʱţʱֹͣһ
֮ԻὫΪ˾Ʊ˵ΪڵӡߵսУS˳ˣ׳ͰƣԴðԴ⣬ջ˴ߣɰ뽫ӡ
ǳսУSͰ˳µıɱΪ˼ǧܴߣSʽΪS˳Ϊ˾Ʊ
Ϊ˰ͰԴߣ˳˴ߡ
ԭˣ˻Ȼ
ֿʼֵܰһɱŮ
˾ƱͬŮǴռ壬ڻôߵ֮󣬽
ȻǴռ壬Ȼ൱Ĳ̱Űˡ
ڿˡŮؽ֮󣬶һס
Ҳò̱Űʽ
Ϊʲôȴô˷ܣ
Ǹ⡣



ڶǧʮ ʵKOFȭʴ
ɱŮǳĲ̱Űȴú˷ܡ
Ϊʲô
ȷһֵо⣬Ȼоʱ
ڰŮֽ֮˹ڰһЩϢ֮󣬹ڰֵϢܽ
ϵֱڡȭʡҲʱһ䡣
һεϷչᣬҲڽĻȻһεϷչᣬʵѾʵߵ̻Ҫߵġ
ֳڰֵӰѾҲûм뿪Ȼֳ໥֮Ű֣šȭʡĹ¡
ҵȻܸߡ
⣬ҲвϽֻϷǣڡȭʡϷߣ޾ڴ
ϽֻϷ֮⣬֮ǰֻϷˣʱҲͬǳڴȭʡϷߡ
ȭʡ˾䣬˾ʣKOFȭʴÿһ򶷣˼̺˷ܡ
ܹԲԼϲĽɫһһĻܣָоӦûǳɡ
⣬ҪȭʡϷʵˡ
ԣʱڴšȭʡϷߵˣѾԶԶֹ֮ǰϽֻϷҡ
ֻϷµ»Ѿǰ϶ˡ
ңܿͻᵽ
ϣϽֻϷҸоʮ˷ܣǸоԭѾȥഺƺѾˡ
ֻϷµʱ򣬾ȥഺʱ
֮ǰֻϷˣҲͬǳ˷ܣԼԼϲɱķĳ
ָоǳ
۷׷ס
ȭʡʱһ䣬Ҫ뿴ݣڰָĹ£Ҫһʱȥˡ֮ǰǿԾһ桶ȭʡϷԵȴȭʡĹ¡
˵ûȭʡϷϽ߰ɡѾüûֻϷļˡڣҸоеļ鶼Ѿˣ֮ǰļʤ
Ҳо֮ǰļʤ̾ȥֻϷɱķϲģ˧İ֡
֮ǰֻϷҲϲ档ڣҲԡȭʡϷڴֻΪ֮ǰûֻϷػ൱ǲܹɱķˣֻܹԷɱöסͷۡ
֮ǰûֻϷտʼʱȷǳӮǲܵˣɡ
ڶУ񶷼ǲμKOFȭʴӲμӡ֪ϷУǲҲӣ
Ӧôˣһδ٣սñԵøӾʣűĿǣʵ൱ڴ
սĻѡԺͲȷԣɻ࣬ʳ̶ȻҲӣȷ˷ǳڴ
˻ֿ϶Ǳѡģ˵ѡͶˣS衢𡢿ˡ֪衢ŵȵȵȶѡͷۡ
֮ڴϷߡ


˶ڴšȭʡϷʽߣл֮ǰֻϷҡ
ȭʡϷгǰԶϷ֮ǰҪöࡣ
ϷΪ˷ܺͼϷ۷ʱҲûһϷܹǰ
û뵽ڽֻϷѾį˵Ľ죬ȻܹһǰϷ
˲òпѾĻҲܹ۷壬Խ֮ǰ۷塣
ôѾƳȭʡϷʱϷҲԥ֮ȭʡϷʽߣӭϷǺҲӭǰȥ档
ͬʱϷһ֮󣬾ٰһKOFȭʴľ̺͹Լƶȣںй
Ϣһ˻ȸԾΪ˷ܡΪȭʡϷʽߣΪһ֮KOFȭʴ
ʵKOFȭʴ˵һľϲ;޴ջ
һջƱػǶڡȭʡϷͶ顣
ò˵һž޴ջľٴ룬Ϸ˾ԴˣȫǳĽ
һʵKOFȭʴؽĿ
˵ܹĿģȭʴȡòĳɼĻǱؽͷװװ
ܹӮܹھƱҲͬĿټصĽƶȣûܹܾջ
ԣҴʱѾĦȭƣ¶˾ģҪһµʱ֮ڣԼļȡһ֮KOFȭʴУȡһĳɼΪĿĴڡ
ȻϷûй̺͹򣬵ʲô̺͹򣬶Ҫгɫļ
ֻҪӲʲô̺͹ضһܹࡣ
ԣϰüؼġ
Ϸ͵ǣȻҲᵽˡȭʡϷľ޴̻Ҳû뵽Ѿ˽ֻϷͻȻ֮ǿ
˵ȻҲͬһõ顣



ڶǧʮ ΪɳĮ
ǾӪϷȻΪ׬Ǯ
ڣ׬ǮĻǰֻҪץסܹ׬һʡ
һЩ˼ϰø࣬ȻϷҪһ֮󣬾ٰһKOFȭʴ
ôΪʲôЧ£ԼĵҲٰͬһαأ
ҪصңֻҪܶҾͿˡ
ǣһЩϷ̼Ҳͬ˹棬ڵٰһȭʴӭǱμӡ
˵ȻҲͬһ£ڲμϷٰKOFȭʴ֮ǰڱزμһЩС͵ı֣һǳѡ
ǣ֪Ϣ֮ڶϷǷ׷߳ţǰؽٰϷߵǱҲֱϱ
ȭʡϷδʽߣȫÿУڡȭʡϷԤȣѾеݱ

֮
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սģһԹսģȫܣЩҧгݡ
ֻϷҡ˺Ͱťážž죬ȻǽֻϷҪ޵ԭ
ȫȫˡȭʡϷ籩һֻϷֻϷѾį˵ʱΪϷĽ㡣
ֻϷҲˣµ
Ϸ޲пǧ֮ǰƳСϷֲƳֻϷҲֲͬ
ǿֲ˹

ʡвϸǡ
顢ˣħ
֮Ϊ˾ϸǲԶããɳĮڸɳĮ
ȭʡϷʽߣֻϷڻµ˵ڡȭʡϷһ£Ѿһ䡣
ڡȭʡĺ£ƳڣҲҪһʱȥˡ
ħ˼֮شЩˣͻȻ֮ѪҪһɳĮȥ
˵ԼôˣҲȥ˺ܶطΨɳĮûȥȥһ
ȥ⼸ʱ䲻ûѧУҲЩ⶯״ŶŮڵϸǡ
ϸڸɳĮԵشĳУţȻȥڸɳĮȻһǳѡ
ϸҲһˣס˿ڳ򣬵ûʲô˿ڡ
ɳĮԵشûµʱȻȻûʲô˿ˡ
֮ѡڸɳĮΪͻɳĮȣڸɳĮʺϹ۹⡢̽ա
һ仰˵ǣڸɳĮΣϵԽС
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ɳĮǧﾡһƬߺء
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ڸɳĮԭ
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ҪڸɳĮߣͬҪרҵĵΣֻӵרҵɳĮܣǿߵġ
ϸ˿ڲ࣬ľƵꡢùȴ٣΢һЩ졣
˵˿ĳУƵꡢùݵӦò࣬ٲŶԡ
ϾƵꡢùҪӯ׬Ǯģû˿ڣƵꡢùݵסʾԱ֤ҪӯǻΪѡ
ɻһҾƵ꿪ʱ̲סǰ̨СʳԼɻ
ǰ̨СЦЦ˵ģǰϸǵľƵꡢùݵȷ٣ţпڸɳĮΪξ뷨ˣͶ˶ڳ￪ƵꡢùݣӦŻݺͷߡ˱Ͷ֮⣬ҲӭͶˡľƵꡢù
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ӦðɡǸոɳĮԵشߵʱͻȻĳ뷨дɸĻݳѶȲֺɳĮйأͦʺʩݳġҿǸС˻һ·飬ҲһԵ֡УΪĹϵҲŵõСһһ׸裬Ҳûʲô
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Ͷ˶ԴˣѾЩ΢ʡ
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ڶǧʮ 볪һʲôĸ裿
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֮ǰ˵ˣοһؼģҲѵġûοţ֮ǰеŬǰ׷ѡȫʧĿʵ٣ʲôѾ׼ˣʼûοţĿòʧܡ
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ڶ˵˵⵹ҲǣվûĻԵܻа취ģǲܾǼȻ˴ϣǾһҪʵϣ
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ʩͷõѾΪ׼ˡ
죬ʩ϶ִ˽ɳĮҪȷ˵İȫ
ǾĽӴ֮ʩѾоԲһͨˣȫȫҪġ
ԣִҪһɳĮ
ʩ˵˩յĵطƥա
ӹյ˵лл󿴵ʩļҲˣ˵ѼҲˣ׼Ҫﳪ𣿡
ʩЩ˼ЦЦ˵ǵģʵܹоó첻ҸһɳĮԣҾͰѼˣ׼ﳪһ衣˵ĻҸдǳ˵һϲˣҪϰﶼԼ̨ԣҽҪλãҽֻ̨ˣҵǸҲˣ׼һ𳪡ǰҲһϸǳ衣
˵ͷʩȷ˵ˣһͬС飬Ҳϲ裬Ǿһϸﳪ衣
˵Ļʲô֣𣿡
ʩֽչѾˣǱߣҪ𣿡
ͷȻѾˣҵǵȷЩ
ʩЩ˷ܵ˵ȥйһǳ˷ܵġʵϣֲ
˵֮ʩһ˹ȥִܿһС˻
СͬһѼؾʩĻչˡ
ܵǰʩ˵չˡ
չԵЩͽţֻ˵һ䡰áͲ֪Ӧ˵ʲôˡ
չڻ֪ݣ֮лԵþͽţӦʩ˵ˣоԲһͨˡ
չЦЦ˵ãҲϲ裬𣿡
չͷǵģСϲ
ֵһѡĻᣬ볪һʲôĸ裿ָ¸衣
ʩչ໥俴˿ǲ̫ôͻȻ⣬ʩǴʵҺչ֮ǰ⡣ǵļͨ壬ǴСͺɳĮմ򽻵ʵһֱ볪һףɳĮйصĸֻϧеĸûɳĮйصġ



ڶǧʮ ŬԼƽ
ɳĮصĸ𣿡˵ͷ⵹ˣǰȷôһ׸һ׺ܻ˸дĸǷǳʺݳ
ң׸һڸɳĮԻڶʱＱ
Щʱһ׸ȷ֮ǰλĿ˵ֻҪһ׸ܽڸɳĮû⡣
ȻҲһλĿ˵˵˵򵥣ʵȴǼΪѵġ
һĸκ˵ǿǵòһ׸
˼λĿ̸֮ԼλĿ˺ͬҲԸһ׸ǽǼΪͷ۵⡣
һжǻԵȻڸɳĮʩʶչ˼Ŀ̸֮
ôҲԸ⽫һ׸
ң˵ҲһõƳƷҲҪʵҲҪмһУмڸɳĮмʩ
һж໥ġ
գ΢΢һЦʩչ˵ǻῴ𣿡
ֶһۣʩЩ˼ش̫ᣬǺܼ򵥵֣ǿö΢һЩȫˡ
ͷԴ˲⣬óҳֽԶ˵ῴҲûϵϸרҵǿȥǡ֮ż⼸ҳֽӦһ׸ҲãҲ衣ڣҰ͸ǣϣܹһֱǵֳġ
⡭ʩչͬʱסˣǰȻҪһ׸Ȼǻ֪ݣ֪ôһѾ̫ˡ
ʩչһʱ֮䣬֪Ӧôˣ
ǽܣܣ
˺һ֮ʩ˵⡭̫ˣǡǡ
ЦЦ˵ԵǲƴǣҲظмһ׸ٺãҲҪʵȥݳʺݳˡһ׸裬Ҳֻҵʺݳˣܹ֪ϲŻһõĹޡ
ʩչ͵һ𣬶ͬʱ˫֣ӹļҳֽͬʱΪ˵ǣлл֪ˡ
ͷ˵ˣҪȥɳĮˣټ
ʩչ˸Ͻ˵ǣټȻΪ
ڰֱ֣顢ضŮգԼҲһƥգﻺɳĮ
ʩչһֱĿ뿪ֱʧ֮󣬲ջĿ⡣
󣬿ļҳֽһֲ̫ʵĸоǾõһ׸
Ȼ֪׸ôȻǸоʵ
ֹ˺һ֮ʩ˵Ȼ׸͸ǣǾͷ
չͷǾͷҲһƬ⡣
ʩͷհ׵ĵһҳһ׳ڶǰ˿һףֻεҡҡͷǿ̫
Ȼǿóʵ㸴ӣǻǿ
ǿöǾȿʰɡ
һ˵ӾΪ˷ܺͼʼɪɪ
ңԽԽʩ˫ѾҪòסֽˡ
ʱ˿̣ǰδеļѾ⡣
ʿ꣬ǵ﷭Ҳƽ
ΪѾµݣֻΪʱ
ʵÿһ仰ܹ׵ĽǴƽֱһʴһһ䣬ƽ
ɳĮչ¶飬ֹ¶Ź¶գ¶ɳĮߣȻ¶ĳ衣
һжǹ¶ġ
ǵʵûô¶ǻԸ質ѰޣѰϣ
ΪǵޣҲϣ
޺ϣˣǲ̫¶ǻϣ顣
ʩչˣվᣬǹ¶ᣬҲǼᡣ
գȴϣᡣ
˺þúþã˵ĲһЩƽ
ʱǲſʼ룬λʲôݣ
뵽һֿܣܿ϶ֻһֿܣǵһɪɪ
Զ֮ǰø
չЩ˵ᡭᡭ𣿡
ʩͬ˵֪ͬݹĴ˵жϣ桭пܡ
չַ˵ǡڸáô죿
ʩȡԼƽ֮˵
չáã
ʩչҪŬԼƽԽŬԽǷ֣һʮѵ顣
Զǹ¶ĴԽɳĮӵѡ
ǻŬ



ڶǧʮ Ǹ
ֹ˺þ֮ʩչˣƽ
ֻҪ΢һ룬ֻ˷ܺͼ
ûа취飬ǵٻüʱ䡣
ھȻ˷ܺͼѾ˼άȥ˼⡣
չӦô죿
ʩһ˵ո˵ǿ׵Ļȥרҵæ֮ȥӦǰѰȻ˵ĻھȥڷǳҪ֪׸ɡ
չҲǳҪ֪׸ɡǣһûȥרҵеš
ʩɶҪ֪һǵƷпλƷȥ࣬ŵӦǲŶԡʵΪǳûʸΪλƷġΪص豸ʵЩǿ⡣ֻ豸ʸΪλƷࡣ򣬻λƷɳȻȥϸǵѰæ˵Դ˲⣬Ǿĺˡ
չ˵ĲϸֻôһרҵҲֻȥˡ
ʩԣȫûҪţŵӦǲŶԡ

Ψһһרҵϳ豸ܵ˵Щǿ⡣
װ޵ǻ㲻
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ԣϳҲǲ
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ʩչ˵ϳ⣬ѾЩƽ˵ǣʱַ
ֱʮֵ˷뼤
Ҳ룬޷ƣҪ֪ȥ֮ǾܹһԼԭĸˡ
ң׸ܿǳλ˵е
һߡߵʾǸǣҪλһ׸ɵá
ǣȻõˡ
ǿԱ֤һϢЩһߡߵʾǸǣĽּʡ
ܹԼƽ
˺һ֮˵ƽһЩ߽
ǰ̨һСӣ˽ʵλ¼Դ࣬Ҫṩ
Сӿп˽ͨÿף׼Чġ
ֻһΣʧЧˡ
ʩ΢Щ˵ǲ¼ģġ
ࣿСһ㶣ѾкܳʱûˣҪǵﻹˡ
СӿʩչˣЩɻ˵Ҫࣿˣ
ʩǵȷˣǲдĴңֻϲ裬һ֡
֣СӸɻˣϸʩչһ˵ӦǱ˰ңҸоǺе죬Ƶġϸʲôʱ˸ˣ
ʩǲϸǵģͨġ
СӵͨģǾ͸ӦòˡȷԼǸ֣ϲһ£Ǹһ¶ˡ
СӿʩչӦϲ裬ƽʱҲпܻᾭȥKTVﳪ裬͸ȫºòã
˵רҵˣҵҲԶԶ㲻ϰ
ڣСӾȻԲѵ˵ԼǸ֣Ҫ࣬ȫǳ
ʩȻܹȷţǾǸ֡ʲôĻ£ֻǵ˷磬ǾǸ֣ǵ̨
ʩһ˵СӵЩȻˣСӸò뵱ˣЩ˰ɣ
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С˼ѾԱע⡣
һЩǹߵԱ˹Сӵôˣôſ˵ϢϢôÿվ
СӴԬλ˵Ǹ֣Ҫ࣬ҾãҾá
֣ࣿС˵꣬ΪԬԬҲϸĽʩչˣϸĴһ
һ֮Ԭסһ˵ǲϸﳪ裿Һǡ
Ԭһ˵СӶʱҲһȻġŶһ˵ԣԣԡˣǾڳ裬ҲǣֲҸոܾеء
ʩЦЦ˵λ˵ûǵȷᵽϸ衣ԣ˵Ǹ֡
СȻǿܵȷǾڽֱ߳裬ⲻǸְɣ˵ҵֶʮֵǿ
һֱû˵չʱ˵֮ǰҲΪܹҵ֣ҵֶ㲻ϡڣ֪ˣϲ衣ôһ̨֣СûйڣҲȻһ֡
ԬСﶼ͵ͻȻһ𣬿ˣ˳Ĭ



ڶǧʮ 
ԬС˳ĬŸոչ˵Ļϲ衣ôһ̨֣СûйڣҲȻһ֡
⻰ǵĶΪ֮һ̨СûйڣҲȻһ֣ǵ𽥱ء
һ֮Ԭ΢΢ǷǷ˵ԭǸղŵ̫ǳˡ
СҲͬǷǷ˵ҷǳıǸո˵һЩĻλԭ¡
ԬС̬ȣչЩӦһʱ֮䲻֪Ӧӻ
ʩ״˵λˣʵϣ֮ǰǵ뷨ͶλһģһλˣǸıԼ뷨ھϻ˶
ˣԬ˵ͷ˵ǶӦõǸġλһһλߣλһĽĻԵ
ʩĻԵλֻһλߣпһλ˵е
˵еԬСֶһ㶣ܹ֮Ϊ˵еˣҲֻԵũׯׯһˡ
ѵĹ
ⲻܰɡ
ΪǲܵģԬСӵӣǶǷǳԵһ
Ҳ֪Ϊ𾪻Ǽ
Ԭ˵Щ̫Ȼˣ˵ѡѵĹ㡭ȷģ
ʩҡͷǲȷֻ˵пܡ
Ԭ˵пܡʲôǳǸҲǻǣֻʵ̫ˡ
ʩЦЦʾǲ⣬˵Ϸϡϸһ˾顣УӵоյСӣŮѵգҲ֮¡λߵȷλȻλﶼŴīñ˿̫ǵݣҲùĿȥȻܹоóǶӵǾաȻֻΪЩû̫˵ҲûǴ˵еֱ͸ǡ
˵ʱʩе׵ݸԬ
ԬһֱţʩԼݹҳֽʶֽӹ˵ʲôΪʲôλ͸ǣǾΪпǴ˵еˡ
ʩЦЦ˵ԬѵˣҪ𣿡
ࣿʲôϵԬһ㶣һʱ֮ûзӦ
һԵСҲͬûзӦ
ʩЦ
ԬʩͻȻ֮ͫ͵һ͵һǼҳֽЩͻȻ֮뵽һֿܣ⼸ҳֽʲôĿܡ
Щѡѵѵǡ
ʩȻЦ˵Ԭ
ʩһ˵Ԭӿ϶ԼĲ²⣬ֶøӵ߶µĽһҳհҳֻһָۣϽˡ
ٿҪúõƽһԼ顣
ֻҪһۣȻͿóһס
¶ˡ
ȻµģûƷףС
ң׻Ҫɡ
һּʵּȲʵĸо
Ԭ˷ܡֽţҪʱ佫Լƽ
ڸոԬһҳհҳʱԱߵСҲһۣںԬһ˷ܡֽš
ʩչ˶һۣоЦ⣬ԬСӵķӦǵԤ֮Уϲ˴ʱ˿̵ķӦ
ǲûдˡ
ʩСĶչ˵ôû˵ɣŵӦǡ
չ˵ͷѾȫˡ
˺һ֮ʩԬƺѾƽ࣬ʵôԬݰ𣿡
ԬȷѾƽ࣬ʩʻæֱͷ˵Ȼ
ܿ죬Ԭƺ뵽ʲô΢һ˵ǵȻҪˡǡǡǲƷǲǵϳ豸̫ˣΪƷ࣬ƷɳλӦȥĳУҵΪƷࡣ
˵֮Ԭһ̾ϳ˵ͬһĪĻԵ
룬Ʒİ࣬ϳģһĪҫҲһĪĽԺ
һϳࡣ
һĪĻԵ
ǣԬǵ豸˵Բ˵ã˵
豸ûʸΪƷġ
Ԭ뵽һ㣬ֻܷǳźһ̾ĿһĪĻԵߡ



ڶǧʮ Ӧþܾ
˵һݻԵȴֻĿߣԬ˷ܡַ֮࣬ǳźʹࡣ
ȻڻȫȷǰСλһǴ˵еѾǳˡ
ʱʩ˵ллԬĽ飬ǼȻȻĵλġԣʵҲѭλ˼
źʹԬʩһ˵۾ͻȻжʩģλġ
ʩ㶷ȻġˣҲܱǸԬҲ˵ֻǡ
ʩδ˵꣬Ԭֵû£û£⡣
Ԭһα˷ܺͼ֮ǰ˷ܣӼ
ȻСô˵ϳϿɵģ
ȻһֿܣǾϳ豸ʵֻ豸ӦòԲʩչࡣ
ԬʩչˣΪڡ
Ϊͨ󣬼Ȼϸǣǿ϶ͻ֪ϸֻһרҵҲ϶֪ϳ豸ô
ȻʩչˣȥϸǵѰ˵ѾϿϳ
ԣʩչϳԬʩĻ󣬱֮ǰӵ˷ܺͼ
ʩʱ˵ôԬڿԿʼ𣿡
Ԭ˵ȻȻǸǸȻλվλȵϢ
ʩչͬʱʾ޷Ԭһ𣬵ϢϢȴ
Ϣ֮ԬȲĽٴηոֻǿһۣǸʻףûп塣
ڣҪúõĿһ顣
úʩչҲߴ٣ԬĿ
֮ԬŽºϣһ̾ʩչˣĽ˵ϲˣȻлԵõĸң׸軹ΪǰŨ顣ƷУһγǵݻԵԻЩһߡߵʾǸǣҲĽ֡
ʩչ˵׸ǰ࣬Ũ飬ԵøǼǾη͸м
ֻԬ˵ӵ˻ԵĽʡϸǣԼܱ߼䣬ȻҲͨˣӦöĸм
ŶΪɶʩչͬʱʵ
ԬΪڸɳĮ׸һڸɳĮԱǣ̽աΣɳĮ׷Ѱ㼣ˣԽǳ֮ࡣزõģڸɳĮ⣬˲ӭж⡣ϸԼܱߴеˣ˶棬ȻӦøм
ԭʩչ˻Ȼ֮ǰֻ˷뼤û뵽һ硣
Ԭһ˵ǷֹȻˣǵļͨҲΪ׸ߣ֮飬Զ֮ǰΪĸ
վһ·λ֮ǰڳ뿪ķһݡ
֮ԬʾϳһеԴٶȣ̶ܹȣİȡ֮ǰɡ
ʩչ˵ͷʾлԬҪǮ
Ԭ֣˵ΪƷ࣬ϳҫﻹҪ̸Ǯ
ʩչҲټ֣ٴαʾ˸л֮뿪
֮ǰԬԼˣڰɵĵһʱ͸Ǵ绰

뿪ϳ֮ʩչﾡ˷ܡ㽺ڴҲû˼ȥʲô飬Ծڳſڵ˻
ǵգȻսǡ
ʱڹܿ͵˰ʱ֡
ϸˣ½سǡܱ߼䣬ǰϸˣҲ½ǡ
Զˡ
ʩչ˼ˣϽСӭȥ
ӭ˵ոǰʱͣգ˵ˡ
󣬷ձֱַ֮顢ضŮա
ʩչͻȻʮֽţ֮ǰǫ̃ͻȻȫˡ
֮ǰڵȴĹУһֱٴμ֮Ӧ˵Щʲô
µʱԼΪ̫Ŷ˵׼̨ʡ
ȴ˭֪һŰ׼ǫ̃ȫˣڰ˰죬ֻ˵ĸ֣
һЦ֪Էܹ³ݣû˵İ𣿡
˵ǳԼݣʩչ˾ԼԴͻȻըһ£ֱκˡ
ⲻѻش𣬲ҪԴѣʩǵģѾˡ֮ǰӦܹá
˵ͷ˵ǳĳġ
ʩչͬʱһ˵ǣлл
ЦЦƥյʩָ˽յǮ˵öҲЩؼҡ
ʩûоܾǮ֪Ӧþܾ



ڶǧʮ ׼ʼ
뿪֮ʩչҲصͨ塣
һҹ޻˵ڶϣʩչٴϸǡ
ǷǳҪȥϳһʰȣջסˡ
ȻѾԬ˵ˣɵĵһʱ֪ͨǣǻǵԬ֪ͨˣΪԼĴߴ٣ðϳ覴á
ֲԸͨȴϸȴ
ԽǵȴԽǽͽš
ò׵˽ӽʱҲͽŵʱ
ʱǼԬ̾͸Ǵ绰ϣԬܹ΢һЩٸǴ绰Ǹоǻûȫ׼
Ļûʧ֮䣬ʩĵ绰ˡ
˶һ飬չŵʵ˭˭ģ
ʩͬţó绰һۣ˵ԬԬġ
չӵĽţƺһ˵𣿡
ʩӦǵģҽˡ
˵֮󣬽ͨ˵绰
10ʱ֮ʩµ绰ĺһ˵Ѿˣǹȥɡ
չ˵ͷ˵һ֣ã

ϳ
Ԭڵģˣõİһһ飬ȻָŰɣһ𽫸ʳ죬һһ飬ȫС
ʩչ߽ĴһȦһ˶ûУЩɻ
˶ȥˣ
ΪԬ¼ﳪ裬һ
ԣʩչûκεҲĴˣ֮£ʩֻòͨԬĵ绰
һ֮ԬҴӭ˳ȱʾǸ⣬򼤶ʾ֮󣬴Ҳ׸ħһͣ
Ȼ̲סıҪź߳ųžڸҵңųžͺۿųžͲãųž̫̫С
˵ʱԬһ̾
Ƭ̣ԬǿһЦ˵ǸҲڶλǰ˸пġ
ʩչͬʱʾ⡣
ԬŶ˽¼ҪרҵԱָԳϰ
Ԭûһһ߳ߵ˽ϣ߳˳ţɳĮķ

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һעҪı˵ĸɳĮա
ʱǰδеĽźͼǰδеڴǽص豸Ӻãϸһһļ顣
豸ܼ򵥣ڵ˵Ѿ㹻
ԶԬæ׼ӰǸ𵭵Ц⣬ĵ𣿿һ㿪ʼɡ
һֱȣѾЩȲ
ʩչ׼ӰҲͬһЩ˵ע⡣
κ˶óҪﳪˡ
ȫжǳԲû˾棬ֻǺĿ˼ۣȻ뿪ˡ
Ҷ飬ûжȤ
ݳϲĸ裬ǻпܻͣһ
ڣ˽ֻ׼Ȼͣ˵ݳʼ
ȻҲ˶ͣȣһЩͣʱ磬£Ǿͣȵȿ͵Ϣˡ
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Ҳ˵ʶǰﳪ裬ֹһΡ
˵ûҲǣӦþﳪ衣ӣСӺϲ裬ͦõġ
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Ҹоûԣȥôһ¶
Ȼϲ裬ΪʲôȥμһЩ質ѡĿֻﳪ裬ʲôϢǰ;
֪ҲǵˮƽûʸȥμѡĿֻǲԸȥǾþͦˡ
ǵǿϧˡβȥ׷ڰװ˷Լ롣
˵ף˭Ըȥ׷Լˣֻô׷ģ˱ʵ֮⣬ҪԵ
⻰ûԵʵҪ

ͣ·ǣΪϳʩչˣ໥֮˻ϻӡ
⻰ϻһ򿪣Ҳ͸뿪ˣ໥֮졣
ݣȻʩչйء
һͣͣһԽԽࡣ
ʩչڵܱߣһЩ



ڶǧʮ ɳĮա
ʩչڵܱߣһЩԽԽࡣ
˾һСȺ˾ۼʱ򣬺ܿпܱΪһȺˡ
ԭûͣˣҲܿΪۼ˶ѡͣ
ʩչ˿ԽԽȺ˽֮⣬ʮֵ˷ܺڴ
ʱѾȫ׼
ԶȴԬҲɫȺΧ
ڸɳĮοĿļˣһγ˳ſڡ
ȻǴ׼صϸ
һȺΧһطĿ˾ڵһʱ䣬еһЩǺͽš
ѵʲôˣ
µľǳʲô״
ٵĿȺͨȺ϶ΧмʩչˣԼߵװ֮󣬲һ
ԭﳪ裬Ǿûйϵˡ
ңǶʶʩչˡ
һĿ˵ͨʩչСӺϲ裬ﳪ衣
һţ֮ǰǽ̸Ǻúó裬ȡǵڸɳĮһǾϸǣԼܱߴӢۡȻ֪ǲܵġҾ͵ڹСˡСӵݼֺܲס
һ˵ȷݼֺܲסʵеļֶסףСӺ˰ɣҲһ죬ĳҲ˵һ
ʼ˵ЦǶףǺԶĳˣ˵ܹڸɳĮʱҲͲͷˡ
֮˵˵ͺãǾĳˣҲڸɳĮҲһǣǳܹ֮һЩڸɳĮйصĸôһ˿˿ܡĸʹԸΪдһףڸɳĮйصĸҲγʲôӰǸΪдǲܻ˵ĻԵԣǰڸɳĮͺˡȻҲԸΪȥõףԸףԸܹ
һ̾ǵȻҲ֪ͺá߰ɣǸýˡ
ʼ˵˵ȵȣҿѾ׼ˣӦϾҪʼˡһ׸ٽǰɣ͵֧һˡϾԽ࣬˵Խá
֮ǰ˵˵ҲǣǾһ׸֮ٽǡ֪ǽĵһ׸ᳪһף
ڶ˵˵пġҵδΡϲĸ֮һԸǵδĲΡ
Ŀۣʩչ˲ûֱӿڳ裬ʩ˵ǳлλܹͣǳ裬ҺչˣΪݳһ׸衣׸֮ǰûгҲûΪһԭ¸衣׸ڴ˵ܹõ׸裬ǽˡ׸ɳĮա
ɳĮաԭ¸裿˶һ㶡
Ȼһԭ˶еЩ㵡
ȻҲֻЩ㵡
ΪЩֱ߸Щʱ򣬵ȷᳪһЩԭҪôԼдģҪô˰дġ
Ҫһ׺øѣҪһ׸רҵ˵ѡ
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ԣʩ˵Ҫһԭ֮󣬵Ҳû̫ھȡ
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ڴҿΪʩ˵õˣ׽ɳĮաĸм˵Աǵĸм֮顣
׸ôҲá
ȻɳĮաƺǸˣרΪƶġ
ΪɳĮϳǳܱ߼䣬ǾɳĮյĴʡ
ʩչ˵СͺɳĮΪ顣
ԣסɳĮաǣΪǶƵˡ
Ⲣ׸жá
ң׸пܱȴԤĸ
Ϊһ˵ҪΪĳˣĳ£ĳط߱ĳʲôһ׸ȻĴһ׸ѶҪöࡣ
סɳĮաΪʩչƵģֻ˵ΪɳĮƵģѶȿ֪
ȻҲ֪Ǹ˭һһ֪ˣһҵˣĸжã
֪ǲΪʩչֱҵִģ˵Ƹˡ
ԣʮȷǸˣܻ֪ˡ
ʩչ˿ƺ˷ܣҲܼҲ
ֱҵ˵ܹһԼĸٲҲֵ˷ܺͼġ
ԣû˶ԡɳĮաڴ
ⲢҲ棬һԭ¸裬ǹɳĮյԭ¸裬һǷǳġ
⵽׻һĸ
ǴΪ׸ܲҲ浽Ĳ
ԣʩ˵Ҫһԭ¸֮⣬û뿪˸Ȥ
ΧۼˣԽԽࡣ



ڶǧʮ ɳĮˡ
ΧۼԽԽࡣ
һЩ˱ûͣĴ㣬˵СҪһףɳĮյԭ֮ҲһЩȤͣСӳ֮ߡ
ȺΧλĿʱҲǳ㵣Ҳû뵽ʩչ˽ᳪһԭ
ңһ׹ɳĮյԭ
ڶԹɳĮĸʮУǸղŻ˵ʩչڳܹ֮һ׹ɳĮĸӦöٻڸɳĮе
û뵽˵Ҫһ׹ɳĮĸˡ
λĿ˷ǳ㵣δЩ̫ɺˡ
ȻλĿڳ˴֮⣬Ҳûʲô
֮ǰ˵ϣʩչˣڸɳĮ뷨ѾͿˣǸܵ顣
Ҳֳһ˼ݳģɳĮաĸκε
ܡɳĮաôһԼĸ裬һǳõ飬ףСˡ
Ȼ֪׸˭Ϊдģ϶ǳĲǿ⣬ǲҪκεϣȻҲȷһֵףص飬ףСӡ
֮ôһ
ȻǱǴһ׸֮ߵġ

Ŀš
˼Ŀ֮⣬ֳҲۣͬҶһµĹʶǾǸԲôͬʱֶЩ棬Ҫ֪ôһ׸
ֳΨһ˺ʹ뷨һǾϳԽľԬ
Ԭܱߵ˵ۣʼչŵЦ⣬룬Щô׸Ҳãһ˸֮ҿıͷӦ
˸֮ıͷӦԬǳڴ
Ⱥ룬ʩչ˶ҲһЩΧ˵΢΢һЦ⡣
ǰֳһ㣬һ׸豾̫ãһҲûйϵ
ʩչΪģԬҲͬΪġ
⵱ȻҲʵ
бְ࣬˻ǽǰĲŪм֣ǳио
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ǰзǳǿʮ죬ƺһѣñЩĵֳˣͻȻȫһϡ
Ǿ㵵ķ֣ԼĶƺѾڸŽɰڶ
ǵĶУ˽졢ѵǰ֮⣬û
⡭׸衭ÿһ˵ﶼ룬ôͻȻ֮о׸ܲӣ
ⲻܰɣ
ÿһ˶Լе뷨ոǼȵĲãôֻܽΪһǰ࣬͸ıԼе뷨
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һƺѾҵ˴𰸣ƺѾٻԼ룬ǵѾȫ뵽˸֮С
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ȻҲ¶Ϊ߻һƥ
ƺΪһƥգԵøӵĹ¶
ǹ¶ģƺ¶ΪɳĮ;ҪԽƬɳĮǰȥѰҡ
κĿ꣬׷Ρ
һκĿ꣬׷εˣǲ¶ģڿƹ¶ߡ
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һҪ׷ΣҪܹ¶
Ϊ׷ε;Упǹ¶ġ
¶Ҳã¶Ҳգ˵ǰһʵĻ棬ɳĮһˣһƥա
ɳĮеǸƺԼƺǱˡ
Ҳ¶ֲ¶߹
ƶƮ·ܹһСӡ



ڶǧʮһ 
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ԼǶĸ
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ʮǿңÿһ˿ģôʵ
ʵѾЩֲ壬ĵ飬ʵ
еǸ˿գ̶ɳ©ҾƣҪȥʲô
ȻҪȥԽɳĮ
Ӵ֮Ŷ޹أֻƵŵϣçߵããɳĮУչ¶ǰеӰ
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ɳĮĺ󣬻¶ɳĮУǳԵգϣԶ
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ԣǸɳĮ¶ǰеӰȻۣĽ
ʲôȴ˵
ʲôħ
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ɳӹ
߱ÿ䣬
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졢ҹľ˵ȣںܶ˵ʱҲȵĽУҴҶ
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ܹǰһܹԽǰ;߳ڰȻңֿ
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Ϊԭõһ׸裬ȴħһԡ
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ֳȫţпĽʱǸпĽԸӡ
Ȼǲᳪ裬ҲǸ֣鱾˵һλԵֵĽġ



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Ļ棬Ҫһطͨ豸׸裬˸пиоĶࡣ
ԣֳÿһ˶Ѿ٣ֻСݳɳĮա
ʩչҲֳͬȾܵԸȻҲԸ⳪
׼һݳ
ʱмͬʱһ£΢һݳҲ΢һ
˵ˣǼĿˣǲҪֹʩչٴݳиõ뷨
Ѿȷţ׸裬Լ׸Ĺ£ϴ֮ڸɳĮἱӣзǳˣ׷Ѱ㼣Ľ
Ѿ㹻ˡ
ǣոΧ˿ʩչٳһʱ򣬼ĿͻȻһ뵽һֱȸиȾİ취Ǿǽ˾һƵƬɵĶƬ
һȾ϶ȸҪǿöࡣ
豸̫ãֻҪͿˣֻͿ㡣ԱҲ̫רҵ̫רҵ˷˾ÿ⡣
ԣǿġ
ĿԽԽ˷ܺͼͣ׼ٴοʼݳʩչˡ
ʩչˣԼֳˣʶĿˡ
Ŀˣʱϸֻܱ߼䣬ؽܺ
ԣ˶ʶ
ֻǣҲ̫׼ͻȻͣʲô⣿
ѵ׼ټݳˣ
ⲻܰɣһ裬ûʲôȫ
˶ǺɣΪóһͨʱҲȫżˡ
ܹĿĺ⣬ߵȺ룬ߵʩչ֮󣬾͸Ͻҵ˸Ǹһ˵ҲҪᣬǲҪֹҼ裬һ뷨Ҫҵϡ
Χ΢΢һֻҪֹҼͺãʲô뷨Ͼˡ
˷׷ױʾʲô뷨Ըϡ
ٴαʾлһǴһƵƬ뷨ʹ˵ˡ
ʾΪǵϸǣΪܱߵļ䣬ϣܹϡʾƵһҪֳڣԴÿһ˶ǳҪ
˵֮󣬶ЩĴҲԸϣǵĵȻȫǶġ
ȣʩչ˿϶Ըϡ
ֳ˼Ŀ˵뷨֮󣬲ȫ뵽ҪƵƬ񲻾ͱʾȫϾ¶ˣ
ǹ£ԼڡɳĮաƵƬƵƬעҪȫÿһ䣬עҪ׷ע˳ԡ
ƬǣǽŶƬһ𣬳Ϊһ´˵µһ֡
뵽ЩǵԺȫǰδе˷ܺͼԼڶƬ֮㽣ôܻ᲻Ըϣ
Ŀ˵ĵģȫǶġ
ֳ˱ŷǰδе飬׷˷ܵıʾԸϣҪôǶԸϡ
ܶѾ͵͵ԼױݣЩŮǣ·ֳֻӣա
ҪԼչȫ˵ǰ
˼ֳ˵ǣһͬʱҲֳܵӰ죬ɾ֮ǰ㣬ʼʩչˣԼֳƻ
Ȼһμ㣬ҲҪ򵥵һЩŲǡ
֮һʽʼԸ㡣
ʩչһοʼݳΧһˣǳĸ衣
ԶæµȺһЦ
ڼĿ˵Ҳʮͬǵȷһܺõ뷨



ڶǧʮ ҪȥɳĮ
һȺһ֮顢˻ص˳
죬˾Ҫ뿪ϸˡ
һҪҪһɳĮɳĮѾܹȻҲ뿪ʱ
˵һεջС˵ĵõһʺϵɳĮա֮⣬ҪΪһ츳Ǳߴٷ֮ʮŵģзļһ
ּһһεɳĮ֮УȻʮֲ
ȻǸСһ˵һĻԵ
Ϊ츳ǱȻܸߣûôߵ츳ǱʵûʲôãܹɹɳĻҲǱЩͨգӴһЩǿ׳һЩˡ
ֻ鵤Եռİ£ߴٷ֮ʮŵ츳Ǳܹ䣬̥ǣɳΪһֻʵǿޡ

⡣
ڼĿ˵֯šָ֮£̽еʮ˳
ºۼĹϳźͳǽɳççĻɳĮǰеգһȺΧһСݳȵȻ棬ȫ㡣
û̫ʱ䣬ɡ
֮󣬴Ҵһ𣬿Ч豸߶ˣҲרҵ˵Уȴʮ־иȾ
Ŀ˶Чʮ⣬˷ܵչ
ͼˣֻҪƵϴȥͿˣҪȥĿţƵܹԼ͡
һͣԼٶ磬Ҫκο

֣ڵĺܶ˵ѾһֱزٵĶ
û֣ںܶ˵Ƕоʧȥԭеɫʡ
ĵʱѹʱãʱʧʱ򣬺ܶܶʱ򣬶Ҫһ֡
ȻǰǺõ֡
ȫãڴ֣Ȼ֡
ֻϧʵ̫ˡ
е˶֪дһ׸裬ֻҪӵʱ䣬ؼҪдһ׸Ȥ˭лԵõһĸ裬ǾҪʱĵȴˡ
ңʱ䲢̶û֪ʲôʱͻȻƳһ¸衣
˻߸֣ҪƳһ¸裬ǸվͣԤȣֻΪüƳ¸裬ܹȡһ΢һЩĳɼ
Ƴһ¸裬ҪôĳͷĳβĳݳֻͻȻϢĳϡ
ȻҲǰ֪ģΪӹЦд׺һЦ
֪ģôһסףĸó䲻⡣
ԣе˵һʲôʱܹͻȻ¸
ңҲ׼ͻȻ˸ǣ¸ˣҲ⡣
Ϊ¸û
˵˵ͻȻǣ¸˵ʱǻ᲻ڵһʱѡţƻҪһʺš
ҲԭΪƳһ¸裬Ҫȵһ¸裬ʮֵĲס
ĳ̳
ѾóʱûƳ¸ˣЩƳĸȻҲʮֲģƷͲ̫Զˣ¸谡
ⲻϻЩ˵ƷôܹƷᲢۣ˵˷Ϊ֡һڶˡ˶ʱ¸裬ϧ׵Ƴ¸衣
һ׸衶׺һЦѾȥóʱˡҲܿͻһϲ
ֿԵȷСֻΪһ׸ѾȥôãΪ¸裬ʱпܳ֡ǽףҲпܵġ
¸ҪԵ󣬳¸֮⣬һϣЩˣܹഴһЩõĸܹﵽĸ߶ȣҲҪƷϧƷٰ
Ҳûа취飬봴һ׸ףҪһ׾ƷǾͼΪˣҲҪЩ
ʱв˺͸ֶ¸裬ÿ춼һ¸ߣϸоҲУҶһӦܹҵԼϲĸ衣
Щ¸軹аɣû¸裬ҲֻЩ¸ˡ

Ҷ֣¸裬ЩҲ̳ϸе
ȻһЩȥƺ̫ͻȻЩͻأĳ̳ϡ
ɳĮɳĮҪȥɳĮһߣҪԽɳĮҪȥѰҡҪȥɳĮ
Ҫ̶ɳ©ҪһҾƣȻɳĮۣ֮³һУȥ׷ѰɳĮĻ¼š
ɳĮǹ¶ģɳĮԴе˸ǹ¶ģ־ǲ¶Ϊǵޣϣʲôȴ˵ʲôħֻҪǰУܹ߳ڰȻңֿͻȻ֮ʮǹ¶еӰ




ڶǧʮ 
Щȥƺ̫ڼ
ĸطźͳǽµĺۼϵǡϸϸǣǸֵ֡
ȷϸǣҸոһϣڸʡɳĮڸɳĮ
ڸɳĮţû˵ȻҪΪҶɳĮϤҹмɳĮҶ֪ڣͻȻɳĮˡ
ҵǱʶɳĮʹŻ⵱ȻӦû⡣ֻͻȻ֣ɳĮ˻֮⣬Ķ

ЩƲϳ֣Щ˿֮󣬾ȫ±ˡ
ʲô̳ɳĮ̳ôͻȻ֮˵ʲôɳĮˣ
֪ǲЩɳĮߣߴ˵طȥɳĮ̳ģȴ̳ܵˣ
⵱Ȼǲܵˣ㿴˵ģͻȻ֮ɳĮȤͻȻ֮ҪȥһһǷʲôǲ֪ıʣȥһǡ
ôʣҲ̳ͻȻ֮ΪɳĮ̳黹ǹ졣
ȥ˵
Ҳá
ǣЩ棬
˵׷ʲôôͻȻ֮˵ʲôɳĮˣ
ܷʲôﶼ̳۵Ķ֣˵ɳĮҪɳĮȥɳĮ̳

Щܿ˻ظ
٣ǵȻ֪̳ľ̳ǵȷ˵ɳĮ֮ԻͻȻ֮˵ɳĮΪһƵƬһ׸ƵƬ
ڸƵƬʲôǸƵƬܹѸɳĮϵ
˵ǵϢе˰Ȼ֪ǸƵƬǸƵƬɳĮաҲǶƬһ׸֡Լȥһͻˡ
һ׽ɳĮաĸ裿ҺЩʲôˡϾȥ
ɳĮաںܻҲˣ

Щˣ˵һ׸ɳĮա֮󣬺Щ̳ôͻȻ֮ΪɳĮ̳ˡ
Ϊһ׽ɳĮաĸ裬һ̳ΪһɳĮ̳
ӰҲ̫ô˰ɣ
˭ƷӰѵƷˣ
뵽ֿԣЩ͵һͻⲻܰɣ
ǳƷֻ˭ƷӰ
ܿɲܣȥѡɳĮաƵƬ֮˵һξȻˡ
һңǸƵķ֣һˡ
ΪɳĮաƬѾ˺ܸߵ׵ľҵˡ
ȻҲ̫࣬ɳĮաĶƬȻѾܸߣԵĻȻڷڣԶԶûе߷ĳ̶ȡ
̫Щһ˿οȲĽƵ㿪
ϰ߲ĳźͳǽ߹¼ŵɳĮɳĮԵգһȺˣȺżĸ֣Щ潻Ƶ
ûֻǿĻ棬еˣȴĪıȾˡ
ǱϵĳźͳǽȾֻǱߵɳĮոȾǱżˣԼܱߵȺȾ
˵ϱʲôȾѾĪȾˡ
ǰ𣬽졢ѣƺһ¶
ǰ֮ȺżСӣڳ졣
ҪɴԽƬɳĮ

ƵƬĻ棬˸߿ЩɳƸе˾ʹ˳١
ʱѾף֮ǰ̳ΪʲôͻȻ֮ΪɳĮ̳ˡ
ˣʱȥ飬ֻ뽫׵ĳƵ
Ƶһһ飬׽ɳĮաĸ裬һһ顣
ϣȾǰδеĴ
ſţţͻȻʮĽƵһȺˡ
Ľǿվǹϰ߲ĳǽ£Ļ̌۾ܹһƬãĻɫߣĽǿվ˵Χֳһ׽ɳĮաĸ衣
˶Ľ
һ׸Щ¶ģе˶ֹܹܵ¶
һƵ棬ͬЩ¶ģܹͬܵ
ƵǶˣΪʲôһֹ¶ĸо
Ǵ
Ǵ˶Ͳ¶ǹ¶ʱ򣬼ڴϢȺУҲͬ¶
ңԽԽԵù¶
ΪܱеһУ޹ء
ͬĲ¶ôһڼžҹʱҲе¶
еˣƵܵ˹¶
ֹ¶ƺһֱڣǰ׳¶ʱɳĮǸе˶Ѿ³̤˹;
ʱֹ¶ĸоͻȻʧˡ
ʣµģֻ̤Ϲ;Ļů



ڶǧʮ Ľ
ɳĮաƵƬ˺ö֮Щ˲ʱصƵ»صϡ
һǷ֣ǿƵʱڡɳĮաȶȣֱ֮ǰ
Ѿȥ̳ѾĴǹڡɳĮաˡ
Щۻǳвš
ڸٹ·ϿóšɳĮաƵһСĳˣһҽ׷ᡣ׷֮ˣҪֿǮˡȴ˭֪ͬ־ҡ³ȶҴһֱŵ׸ʲô֣
ڵϴŶ׸裬ԱһŮңǡɳĮաɣҺܾȣŮô֪ģŮ˵ҽŵĽ׸衣
ۣȻ˿š鹹޴ַȴܹɳĮաѾں̵ܶʱ֮ڣΪһ󼶵ĸ
Ȼȷе˵ǡɳĮաƵں̵ܶʱ֮ڣΪ󼶵Ƶ
Щ˿š鹹޴ַ֮⣬ĸۣҲǿ֮ʡ
ѾƵĶÿһʶǶƷͺƷһ
֣ܹ˵顣
ʱ伸ÿ춼¸ߣЩһߡ߾ǸǶ¸ߡû׸裬һЩ¸УһЩǲġڣǳźˡɳĮա֮ЩֱǾһܡ
ӳ˵˵ĳԲ˵жãȴ׸ķǳ׸ΪƵһ㡣˭裿ΪõƵͬʱܽдֱ顣룬ֻһܶ˲²׸Ʒ
ûֻһ飬ҾѾȷƷˡֻܴ֡ֳµƷˡ
ƷȻڲͻȻͳˣָоʵ̫ˬˡ

ɳĮաƷܶ˵һ֮󣬾Ѿȷˡ
ֻܹдƷе˶ʮȷһ㡣
ôˣΪʲôҪƳһƷΪʲôҪȫҲ˵жõݳ
еʲôĹ£
Ȼʱأʱ򣬺пܾͻдһ¸裬˶֪ԲԵ޹ʵдһ¸衣
ÿһ¸裬һй¡
һ׽ɳĮաĸ裬ƺΪԡ
Ϊ׸ָԺǿϸǡڸɳĮõֵȵأȫˣǸһеĹ¡
ʲôĹ£ȫǳҪ֪
һĺôǣʲô鶼÷ǳ졣
ڡɳĮաĹ£Ѹ
һʩһչϸܱһͨĴľ
˴Сϲ裬ܶʱ򶼻ȥϸﳪ衣
˳֮⣬ȻҪάƣǸʩˣϸǵĳ֮⣬ҪȥɳĮա
һ죬һ˺ŮһʩգʩһǰɳĮ
ڡɳĮաĹ£ʹʱʼ

˽˹ڡɳĮա֮޲пǧʩչˣܹõ˻Ե޲Ľ֡
Щǣϵһߡ߾Ǹ֣µ˶ǵҵ֣ÿһ˶ΪĽǼʡ
ǿΪ䴴ƷҪĻԵܹõ
еһߡ߾ǣȫ̾ϢѣǹΪһߡ߾ǣһֱܹõһĸɵãƫƧũҵ֣ҵֶ㲻ϣȴлԵõΪĸ
ʵ̾ϢѣվûлԵ
ʩչƫԶũͨСӣΪȫиǣһߡ߾ǸĽĶ
ЩʱЩҪԵ
ȻǸֵˣҲͬĽԸӣǲĽʩչ˵õĸ裬ĽˣΪ˹һ´˵µǡ
ʣڡɳĮաĹ£ΪµĴ˵¡
ʩչˣһµĴ˵У֮ǣ˲Ľ
ĽһȺΧ۵ȺڣȻǣȴܹǡ
ֻǣҲĽġ
ϣ˻ﻰ⣬ȫֳԼĽ
ֳΧ۵ˣһֱϹעţҶԡɳĮաƵۣǿ˶ǳĽʱһǰδеԽȻ
ȻһһҲΪĽĶ󣬾֮ǰҲĽЩ뵽˵еһ
ֱĽĸоȻǳˬ
ǰδе˷ܣַǳңԼһֳͣ˽Ų
ȻĻˬĸо



ڶǧʮ 㲥̨
ֳ˺ˬˣǳĽ
Ľ֮࣬ͻȻ֮ȫһǿҵͷǾȥϸǣȥͨ壬ȥڸɳĮһߡ
˵ڡɳĮաĹ֮ǰܶ˽ֻǿˡɳĮաƵѾɳĮʮˡ
ڣ˹ڡɳĮաĹ֮ǰδеǿҡ
һЩԭûдȥɳĮһߵˣصĹ֮ҲͬȥɳĮһߵǿԸ
֮ԻȻΪһˣ
ҪȥڸɳĮ˸ǵĸȾ֮⣬ǻҪȥ׷Ѱ㼣
ҪȥϸǣҪȥͨ壬ҪȥڸɳĮ
һЩˣ˵߾ߣûˣҲŬԼг̣ȡ̵ʱ֮ڣһڸɳĮ֮á
õϸǺڸɳĮڿʼﲻο͡
һˣһ׸ӰĿ֮

ϸǡ
ĿܹǳԵĸоڽ죬ڸɳĮҪӭһο͡
Ǹп˷ܣǼѾ׼
ڳŴĵȴ
ʩչҲ˳֮⣬ǽ콫ϵطһݳɳĮաΪĵһοͣҲΪԼ
ڹȥļʱѾʮҳƬ˾ҵǣҪǩԼЩһĴƬ˾
ȻĿǰĳûжãҲûκεıлԵõƷȫκһҳƬ˾Ķ
κһҳƬ˾Ҫǩˣͬʱ֤ὫԴб
Ƭ˾֮ȻΪʾãƽʱûʲôʾãһμΪѵõĻᡣ
Ȼʾ֮⣬ҲΪʩչˣѾ˺ܴͷչռ䡣
Ѿ㹻͹⻷ǹٷʾڶѾǡ
ҵֶ㲻ͨˣһǵλãκ˶пǧ
ڲûдӦǩԼκһҳƬ˾ֻϸ⣬ѡɳĮաǺԼ
ᳪãҲһڣҲһ£Ҳ¡
֮ǻѡǩԼһҳƬ˾ڣֻڳϵط衣
ֻڣԺҲᾭصﳪ裬ת۵ĵطǿ̹ġ

һο͵ϸǣȻڵͼָ£ţҲǰڸɳĮĳš
վ£ڿ˹ϰ߲ĳźͳǽͺƵ￴һ
ֻǣվڳ·ܸܵźͳǽĹϺͲɣµĺۼ
ųǰһƬɳççĻߣͻȻ֮䣬ܵһǰδе㡣
һֳįϣ㣬Ҳһ׷Ѱ㼣㡣
վµʱһҲһдֱġɳĮա
οţȻ֪ⲻ̫ȷԸ롣
٣Ӧ
ʱ⼸ʱʼǶߵɣͻȻ֮䴫ǵĶУ߿ѣִһ˿¶
еĴ洫УԺƵĸо
еοﶼһϲѾʶʲô飬Ѱɴķȥ
ȻȻĸ֣վŪŻļҪݳ
еοĵ˷ܣѸٵΧȥܿʩչܣΧ㡣
ܿ죬ʩչ˳˵һʡ
еοȫһĪϵĳ⣬ɳççɳĮԵֳһ׸裬ҪȿƵǿ
еοŸ裬ǰĻɫߣƺѾʼʪۿ
һοͣڸɳĮοﲻĻ
󣬼ĿˣųŴοͣʥڵķĹ˹

ʥ塣
ڴеĹ˼졣
죬յĵԵǰ֣ס˵Сãء
Ŷ֣ϣɶ¶
֣֪ӹ㲥̨𣿡
ӹ㲥̨Щ֣ͻȻ𾩳ǵ̨ʲô⣿
ӹ㲥̨Ȼ֪ġ
ν㲥ָ̨ľǲɱࡢߵ粨һڣĿĴڴ
ͨߵ粨ͽĿĳ߹㲥ͨߴͽĿĳ߹㲥
һ仰˵ǣ㲥̨Ľ豸
ڵӻռ֮ǰǺܶͥıر豸֮һ
ǵʱĽ죬Ҳɴڣ㲥̨Ҳڲ
ֻڻϰ㲥̨ڣѾˡ
Ȼʱڽ̨Ҳ׷ѰʱĽŲ
̨Ŵͳ̨Ҳʱ
̨Ѵͳϵĵ̨ᵽϣûִı¼豸еֻĵԡûзеֻͨ˴硣ֻ̨Ҫڵǰ˵
̨ҪռƵκƵԴ䲥ЧӰ졣
̨̨ɺ١
Ͼֻĵ̨Ȼϲͼĵ豸
ӹ㲥̨źſԸǵȫ߹㲥̨
ֻǲ֪֣ͻȻӹ㲥̨ʲô⣿



ڶǧʮ ĽĿ
֣ͻȻᵽӹ㲥̨ʲô⣿
Щɻʵ֣ϣӹ㲥̨ôˣ
֣ģӹ㲥̨һĿҹ¡⵵Ŀӹ㲥̨ƽĿ֮һһڵ̨нĿǰʱ⵵Ŀһ·»ѾΪ׵ĴڡȻ͵̨ڻһֱڼ٣һĹϵڻеĽĿ˵һġԣڡҹ¡ʵףҪԭڽĿ
˵ͷҲ֪ӹ㲥̨ôһĿΪһڣֻ䲥Ĺ£˵ʵûʲôҲûټ
ڡҹ¡ʵ׵飬ǲע
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ЦЦԭ˵ˡ
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˶ǲţ϶ǻϧġ
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ڡҹĿ¬˵;Բһˡ
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ơе˰ΪʲôҪƣʲô˼ʵ˵ҲϲƷ̫ˣҵСǹӹƷ뿴ӦǺãȻһֻֻܿڰҹ11ʱôľ͸˰
ȷ˷ǳᣬҲҿƷ˵ҹʱƷˡƫƫǹӹƷᰡ
СľɣҵҪӹƷʲô͵ģǶԲܴ
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㿪ʼɣǵġӹ׻һЦ󷽵Ĺ³
ˣһСʱʱˣѾԽԽ˷ˡ
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ڶǧһһʮ ֽŮ
ҹѾˣܶѾ˯ˣѾǳ
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ڿ֮󣬰ʽʼơҵ游кʮĴԻ͵ʱڣڳͬʮլӣҲһЩٵĺ;̵ģǰ̨˵İ졣
ƣ⻰ǷǳеģȻнɽɽҲܲסܼĻӻ

ǵһ˳ơƪξޣͨе˶ȷһ飬ǾⲿƷõһ˳дġ
һ˳ƣ΢üǲ̫ϲһ˳ƵƷ
ӹȻѡ˵һ˳ƣǾ˵ⲿƷʺõһ˳дǵüͷչˡ
ӹǵһʹõһ˳ƣȻĵģǾԵŹӹ
Щ˵ʱȴѾֿ˻ӹ㲥̨Ľ¬ԼͬһսϵЩˡ
ֱЩҸоǳõģ¡ǡ
Ķ߶̫ϲһ˳ƵƷȷʵڹӹȻѡ˵һ˳ƣⲻ
ѾһĲĹˣʹõһ˳ƣǲ֪˽֡ôд
ֿ˻ŹӹվŹͷΪƾԼڵӰϹڣǶһϲ
ϧʵȴǹӹƷĲУҲͬˡ
Ǿһ㣬⵱ȻҲʵⲿơĲУǹӹдģҲ׷ȥֻźӹվǽɲž
˶ʮ游һͿʼҵˣǷ˼ңҲֵ˲ټҲ㹻ʳǵĹһӣƫƫѧãȻҲ͵ʱỷйأǳԶĲֳ˴̣Ҳư˸⡣

࣬ΪӦ˾ˣؼ֮󵽴˸ֽֽĽˣո˵ֽ֡ʦպֻܸҪ˵óĶΩΩФ

ֽ˿ݵĿϣñӰֽ˸ˣͦãȹ˾ˣ˵ϱˣڴϲܼͣԶԶĿһ۾ˡ뵽⴦̲סСսǳȥˡ

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ʮֵ˷ܣڴſʼȻӦԽԽֻʣЩӹ˵ķ˿ߡ
һڵʵȷܸߣͻʽµ֮ǰԤһ
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˼˾ˣԼ룬þ˾ԶԶĿһۣϸűӵֽŮˡ
Ȼ˾˱ʾȻˣ͸ӦýȥǷҪҸﲡ
þ˾˽ϸŲþ˾˽ݡ
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ŮʬԺ˵ѾĿܣúʮĸŮӵҪЩŮĸΡ
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֪ڴ̨Ŀʶϲ1.0ֻкĽĿ1.0
еĵ̨ĿУӹ㲥̨ġǰߡߵģﵽ1.5ֱͰȺ۰Ĵڡ
ҹ¡ʣǳѾкóһʱ䶼ֻ0.1ңȷʵ൱ҡ
˽˵̨Ŀڡҹ¡ʵɸӵڴͺ档
ӹ㲥̨
̨ݣԵˡҹ¡Ŀ飬˷ܵɫ˵Ϸ룬Ѿˡ
æǰ˵̨ôԹˣôùء
ڰ֣˵û£û£Ϸ룬ǴҶ²£Ƕ٣
Եķǳ˷ܣ·ǳߣȻϷ롣
ͽĿԱˣҲͬʮ˷ܣ˵һǳϲˣŻ¡
˵1.2
Ц
ֵѵﵽ1.3
Ц
ֹ1.3ѵ1.4˵
ȻЦ
⡭ꡢͽĿԱ໥俴˿оǲ˼ľϲ֮ɫ
ֹ1.4ѵ
Щ˵Σѵﵽ1.5⡭Ӧòܰɡ
³һ˵֣ٲ£
ٲ£1.5ֹ˶һϣ֪һǳϲˣûᳬ1.5
ȵȣѵûдﵽ1.2
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ǻǶ٣ꡢĿԱĲ֪ˡ
̨Ѿ֪ˣ
˵ͷ˵ǵȷԲ²ǾͲˣԼɡ
˵꣬㽫һֱݱݸ˷ꡣ
æ˫ֽӹ˵šáѾ䵽ıϣѰšҹ¡Ŀݡ
ĿԱҲԴǰգҲ뿴ҲѰҡ
ʵǲѰңһ۾ܹ
Ϊҹ¡ڵһλǣ2.8
2.8⡭ôܣ
ʵĵһʱ䣬ꡢ˵ĵһӦǾϲҲ˷ܣǾǲܵģݸò˰ɣ
ΣǲǸˣôߵİ
2.8ʣǶһӽĿ˵ǶܹǻˡôܻڣѾĵ̨Ŀϣ
һݸˡ
һЦ˵Ϸ룬ʼҲΪݸˣԷĺ˶ˣ֡ݲûд
ûд2.8ˣ⡭ôܣ
ꡢ˻ǲţԵѾʵ
ǲţҲòš
ǰδе˷ܺͼݱֶ΢΢Щ˵̨⡭⡭
Ҫ˵ʲô⡱˰죬ȴʲôҲû˵
һһʻֻ0.1Ѿ̵ĵ̨ĿڵȴǴﵽ˾˵2.8ȷ˲֪ӦԼ顣
Ϸ룬һ漣漣ĹؼǹӹִٳɣС˵ĹҲСǽĿһΣһ̨漣
ꡢ׹֪һεʻǳϲˣû뵽һ漣
˵ʵҲûʲô޷ǾһƷһڽĿѡ
ĲѾйΡ
һΣһĲȴһ̨漣ΪǵĲʲôͬΪһṩƷǸˣǹӹ
ԣꡢ˶֪漣Ĳǣǹӹ
Ҳڹӹ˵㲻ʲô漣ֻǳѣֻȻǵ͹˹ӹӰŻΪһ漣
ͬʱ̨ˣҲ֪˵ݣһ˼ľڵ̨칫ﴫ
Բܰôߵģ֪ʻǳߣܻô߰ǲǸˣ
ȷţȷʵһ漣ŵ漣




ڶǧһٶʮ Ȼ
̨ˣȫеţǵȷʵǲҲš
󣬴Ҷڿһ⣬Ǿ˵ڹ㲥̨ѾⲢЩ֮ǰ㲥ˣ㲥
ֻҪǸȤݣȻԸ㲥ġ
һΡҹ¡֮ߣͷǳ֤һ㡣
ΪʲôôߣǺΪ˷ǳģµѡ
ܶ𾪹˼
2.8ʺһڶǡǰߡﵽ1.52
֮ǰһ󼶵ʣ2.8ǰȻͲˡ
ĽĿ1.14Ƿǳġ
ֿԽʮһڶĽĿȻڶʺ̫ȫǵȼġ
ÿһʳ¯ʱ̣ÿʱ̨ܹ˸̾ĽĿ֮ߣֱ󼶱ġ
Ȼ죬ע޷ˡ
2.8ôܣôܻе̨Ŀܹﵽ2.8ʣԲܣǳû֪ʱ飬ֻܴΪ𾪣Ե΢Щıϵ֪һͬһŰ
ΣģдĄ̊́ݡĿС˵֪͡ҹ¡Ŀйڣ뿴ǡҹ¡ͣ
ڣǿҹ¡ͣˡ
ĿԱ뵽ˣǺ͡ҹ¡Ŀûʲôڣҹ¡֮ߣ֮࣬Ƿǳ˵ġ
ֻڽֳ֪һֳһĸˣӶ᲻ù
ԣڸоЩڡ
ڽǳͷȥȥ
縺һ˳ȥ
ôܻ2.8ƾʲôﵽ2.8ķңҪݺݵķйһȴֲ֪Ӧηй
֪ҹ¡ǲͣˡ
Ȳ˵֮ߵʣǲڽһʱ͵ٵġǹ֮ĳʶʽµصԭӣͣˡ
һʱ漣ĽĿֻҪԵԭ󣬶ڶʱͣ
ҹ¡ˣԣֺֹô򵥣Ѿһ漣һµ
ֻǿ0㼸ʣǿĻȻźҲ˱ꡣ
Ȼڣҹ¡һַʽ߹ȡǰߡΪµ󣬶ʸ˽һ֮ࡣ
ԤǣӴ֮ӹ㲥̨ڲ̨磬ֵĽĿǡǰߡǻΪҹ¡
󼶱ġǰߡ᳹׵ĳΪҹ¡ıġ
ǽ޷ܵģҲ˱Ҫԭ
Ҫйȴֲ֪ηй
꣬¬Ҳͬ꣬Ҳ֪֮ߵ֮£ҹ¡Ҳڶʱͣˣ׼˺ܳһʱġҹҪ̥ˡ
Ⱥ¬ҲڲαװȻķйԼ˵ΪʲôΪʲôߵʣĽĿҲˣоҲһɣΪʲôôߵʣ
ҲΪʲôôܻôߵʣ
̾Ϊӹ˶Ϊӹ֮ǰѾܸߵģԤӹӰˡڵĽ֤ǻԶԶ͹˹ӹӰȻȫΪӹǾûа취ˡ
ӹ¬ﶼΪķȻ˶£ǹӹڶԾٱףˡ
Ƿ߷Ȼһֶ֮Ȼһ̾һǿҵУΪԷǹӹǳ˷Ȼ֮⣬ûκεİ취

¬˷ȻЩҸоõĹ¡ǣҲͬ㵣е˼顣
ôôߣ
֮ǰȥ˽һ£ڵ̨Ŀ֪2.8ʵζʲô
ҲֻǸе˼飬ꡣ
Ͼҹ¡׻᲻ͣǲģҲûйϵǹĵֻǡơⲿƷ᲻ɹ
ڵһڵ֮ߣֻ˵ӹӰȷܴҲˡҹ¡ڲ̵ʱ֮ڣûͣķա
ǣⲢ˵ơⲿƷͳɹˡǵĹĹ¿ʼ֮󣬸ôǻôǻ֮ǰĽһ
һڵô߾ô߰ɣ˺棬˽ֵĻǻ˽֡
ңڵԽߣ˽ʱӾͻԽѿô˶Źӹͷ˴ҴҶȴ˽ˡ
ֻ˵ơⲿƷʧܡ
ԣЩΪǵĹ¡ǣ˾֮⣬ûȻڵšơ˽֡



ڶǧһٶʮ ֻǿʼ
̨ˣҲͬڵһʱ֪ˡҹ¡ʣ֪֮󣬲ģ̨綼Ϊ֮𾪡
û˻뵽ڹ㲥ѾĽ죬е̨Ŀܹﵽ2.8
֮ǰ˵ڣ̨ĿҲпܻﵽ2.8ʡ
ôǸһᱻ̨糰ЦΪǸһ10֮ǰ
ڣҹ¡2.8ʾͰǰһʵҲѾǰ
һ̨綼Ϊ֮𺳵ʵͨһʵǲӦöڵ̨Ŀһµʶ
㲥ѾȷʵⲢûе̨Ŀܹȡøߵʡ
ֻҪǸȤĽĿȫпȡ÷ǳߵʵġ
Ȼһ򵥵飬ѣѣ
ҹ¡һڵ֮֮ߣ̶ܴԴڹӹ˵Ӱ
̨Ŀ˵ǲɸƵġ
ĿҪȡʣԷǳСܣǹӹٶȳ֡
һȷǾ֮ǰ㲥ˣһǸȤĵ̨ĿʵҲԸ㲥ġ
˵ڣҲȻпܲµڵġ
ôֻҪŬпܻнϴģﵽ2.8ֲɸƵ漣ʣֻҪԭеĻϣнϴȵͿˡ
ֻҪŬӦܹʵֵġ
ԣ̨ڼ֮࣬ȫ˶ȼµļͻ
ּѾܾöûгڵ̨ˡ

Ҳ֪ˡҹ¡Ƕ٣Ҳͬ𾪣𾪹Ʋס˷ܺͼ
ȻŹӹܹȡҹ¡ȴû뵽ȵ˵𺳣2.8ʣһ̨綼е𺳵ݰɣ
ֻǵ̨磬ǵ磬Ҳͬ𶯣ڹ㲥ѾĽ죬е̨Ŀܹﵽ2.8ȷ̫˸е˼ˡ
ͿʼأڣǸصĸ˷ܡ
ζû뵽ʻ֮ߣӹ֣Ҳ̫˰ɡ
֪ӹһܹȡҹ¡û뵽ȵ˵𺳡ͣĽĿһٳΪ𾪵󼶽Ŀָо̫ˬˣ
ڿʼÿҹʱСҹ¡ˣлӹ
ҹ¡ͣˣҲЩʹģЩʵ᲻ȤĹˡлӹ

ˣЩΪӹѡҲͬ˷ܡ
ӹ֣ˡҹ¡ȵƯʵǵ˷ܡ
ôڶԹӹ˵ĸмǵĸоνǳˬ
ôӹֹȻͬɣ֮ǰЩ˻һ㵣ģ֪ȫõ˰ɡ
ֹǲõİֱˬ˼㣡
ǿŰɣˬĻں棬ŸոտʼѡӹƷԶĸˣΪʻԽԽߵġ
ţţǾţʵ̫ڴˣ

־硣
һ񳤳һ̾ЩɬЩε˵2.8ʣƺƳʲôƷʲôķʽƳܹ漣
Ҳָп˵֮ǰǲѾµ˵ֻ»ϵĸߡڣǲӦøеȲŶԡ
һȷеȣ˸п࣬ӵһڵݿơĹȻûпʼ˵ڽǻǻ½ֻ߻ƽ
ԥֱӴʻǣܹﵽ٣ҾͲˣһһĿ֡ڹ¡½ĲǣƺΪơ˽֣ΪĹĸͲСֻ˵ǵĸҲˣᱻг̭
һÿ򶼻һЩߣҸоãֻ˵ţ̭ҲҲΪʣǡӹⲿơӰǻ൱Ĵ󡣡
Űɣֻᴴһ漣
һһ֮̾ûټ˵

ͬʱһǣҲͬ˵ʵ顣
2.8ʣҲ̫˰ɡӹȻʲôƽ
µǣ2.8ʺпֻܻǿʼԺֻ»ԽԽߡЩ̨ĽˣھѾ𾪵òˣָ֪֮ı飿


ʱѧί칫ҡ
˵2.8ʵȷǳߣ¶ڹӹϣǾûʲô˸еȵˡֻǺ棬۷ܹﵽ٣
貨Ͳò²ˣһ2.8Ҫߵöࡣ
ͷһġ



ڶǧһٶʮ и
˶顶ҹ¡2.8ʣýҲڵһʱѡ˱
ǹӹƷִ漣ʣý˵ʵǼżֵ
ýǵĴ֮󣬸ö˶֪ôһ顣
һЩˣ֪ӹΪҹ¡һƷģҲ֪ǵһڲǲûѡ
һΪʵڲϲ㲥ŹӹԺ϶ͨķʽǸʱٿҲ١
򣬡ҹ¡ʱ̫ˣϵ11ȥˣǸʱǶѾ˯ˡ
ԭǲģǿ˽ı֮Щ̲סˡ
Ƕ2.8ʻûʲôоϤ˵ӽĿʵǣΪжߡ
Ȼǿȥ˽һ£ڵ̨Ŀ֮󣬶ʱ;˵Ҳ̫˰ɡ
֮Ǳ̲סˣܶ˶˽ҲҪȥһĴ㡣
ȻҲ˶Ĵ㣬ЩȻվסˣʵǲϲ㲥ʱ̫ˣԺٿҲһġ
⻹һˣǲ֪ӹΪҹ¡һġ
˽ر֮ǲ֪ôһ¶
Ȼܹáҹ¡ʴ0.1䵽2.8Ҳ̫˰ɣһʲôĹ°˺档
ȷֱ̫˼ˣ11ᲥڶڣҶȥһˣʱеˡ
ʱ䵹ǻãΪ£е㲻ȥе㺦£ֵȷǳĺ棬˾ᡣ

ܶ˶ǿҵĺ֮ģ֪һʲôĹ£Ȼܹʴ0.1ֱǵ2.8
ܶ˶ȥ㲥ϰߣû㲥ϰߣû㲥ϰߣȥһҲǿԵġ
һ¹㲥ѣֲʲô˾Ϊѵ顣
㲥ȻΪѣȴط˾Ϊѡ
һʱеˡ
򣬡ơ£ҡơһûţܶ˶ȥ
ȻΪѵĵطʵǷǳȥһ˾ˡ
ҪôһطҪôڶطҪôطһᣬǷǳľᡣ
־ҲһֱϣȻѡûѡ

ҹ¡Ŀеˣһ춼ڼȵ˷жȹġ
̨ĿˣͣǱʾףأ׷׸пѣ˵ǴһɸƵ漣
̨쵼ҲͬǱʾףأ˵Ǵһ̨綼Ϊ֮е𺳵漣дһ棬ӹ㲥̨ǡҹ¡ĿΪ١
Ȼϵ̨ˣԼĺܶˣҲǸ𾪺Ͳ˼飬ýҲıкܶ˵ǽҲҪһһ£
ȻЩԭֻ䳰ȷҲȫƻˣ˷߿֮⣬ٲҶ˵ʲô
ЩеһУĿԱе˷ܣǰδе˷ܣָоʵ̫ˬˡ
ηϵЦʼûжϹֱҹɫٵʱ򣬲Цݡ
ЦݣȻǼΪá°ԻؼҵҲûлؼң׼ڵ̨ŽĽĿ֮ٻؼңǸʱѾ12ˡ
Ҳͬʮã쵼Ƕмӣȡ漣ĲʮֳɫҲйϵ
ϵĸУҲͬ˵Ĳʮֳɫ
Щ鼫ΪãռƻĵڶڽĿȡ¼ʽڰֱѾ¼õļҲҪˡ
ԴˣȻֵ֧ġ
9㣬˷ܵĶԷ˵Σϵڶڵʣпܱ߰
һЦ˵ǰԭΪһʼ۷壬ƺˡСɲҪ˶ѹ
ҲЦηģںƽѾšֱĹлǳһЩ覴ãҽȡκε覴á
ããСͿҪʼˣ㿪ʼ׼ɡ
ϣΡӦһʼ׼

ʱ佥11㣬˵ڶֱ׼ǰǣҲͬڶڵ׼
аµڣûĵһڣڵһڵݣҲ˽⡣
кܶ۹ڵҪ˽µݲѡ
װǣϺãԼžҹǰ
ﴫеڶһϲֿʼˡ



ڶǧһٶʮ ҪмĹ
ֿʼˡ
һڵĽβǺһʽ游Ǳȱ飬ʮˮ
Ĺ£ǺһⱾ飬ʼĹ
˶ڴ
Ҽ׳۵ɽͻȻһָоɽҺļһƽʱŷ游µģǱʱһμءɽˮһ鼫ѵķˮѨǰпŵٲƾȡˮɽָͬһʢˣǽʲô


һһ֮ΪӡˣԼһӡŮӣʵһɽ֮УããֺŵɽУһģľ޴ɽ壬ɽͬţĵ״Ĵٲɽϱ¡
һǵһμɽȴһʲôطɽĸоԭǱʮˮУйɽļء
˵֡ڷˮѨиƽ
ַˮѨʺϵģֵطŮԣӣҪùˡ
󣬺һƶϣɽµĳһطпһŮԵĹĹ
ңŮԵݵλǳߡ
ΪַˮѨѰ˼ûʸģѰ˼ҲǷˮѨ
ȻѰ˼Ҳ֮аڴ˴ĹһȻȤȤѡһطĹ
ʱе˶һ֮иоˣҪ˵ĵĹĹǴ֮ǰΪģûмĵĹ
ҪĹҪĹ
ҪηĹȻ۾
Ĺױ֣ΪһĹһзѣʯ֮ԽĹֻλڵϵĹ
֮ǰģҲĹ
ȻڣǺȻǴˣشˡ
ǹǧʷ˳Ȼ׺ɣ˷ǣҲڲϵķű仯
ŵı仯һЩԭλڵϵĹΪԭصס
˽죬ǿ۾ЩȻڵϵĹЩʷѾص׵Ĺλ۾
ǽµĴŶĹĹ
ҪβܷЩڵµĹĹ
˷ˣΪѾ֪˴𰸣ǾǺһԸݣʮˮⱾеļأءķˮѧȥЩڵµĹĹ
ںһķˮѨƶϳӦһǰλԺյŮԹĹһ
˵һҪĹЩϵĹڵµĹ
ϵĹдĹҲһͱ˷òˣ治ܻʲôö¡
ϾϵĹҶüҵõֻҪ˼¶ȥ
µĹȴ˹ˣҶҲĹȻû취ˡ
û˹ˣĺöȻڡ
еȫԽԽ˷ܣԭĹĹ֮ǰΪֵĹ
ڽĹ£Ǳǰδеڴ
ЩʺϰĹķˮأλ˼ԭʼɭֺͳɽ֮УԼ˼ĵط
˵һҪȥѰЩµĹŴĹҪȥЩ˼ĸֵò֮С
ʹǲֻڵĹ̽գһδȥЩδ֪صشʵĽָΣա
˷ֽܶš
һ֡ĵطһԭʼɭҲȷ˸Σա
յǣһӡܵϮʮ־գеǽŶֵġ

һۣʲôӡ˭Ҳܸ𰸣δֵ֡
ؿ˹ȥƼڱϵȽ۾ָֻɫһưСϸۿ
ȻڴʱưӴָһɫĻȼ̼䣬ûȫƤ˲һݣ漴ֱãϵĽӾձεڵϣҲʹصڵŤ
ѾˣħյĲҽ쳹ɽȣ˶ҿһʱ

ڼ
һһȺսѣֵɽ
ɽһֻι״Сư棬ȫǺɫ͸ˮǾӨ͸ͨ͸ļ׿ǣϡİ͸࣬ƺлȥ˵ع졣
һ֮ΪսѣСưУҪϸоһ
ȻưӴָͻȻһɫĻȼ̼ӵȫ
Ҫȣˡ
ڵʹǰ
ֲеȫо﷢š
Ȼ죬ֲĻں档
ָԱڵʹǰʹ࣬һѴ̵ؿڣʹʹȥ
ȻͿֲ鷢ˡ
ɫ͵һ˳Ŵ̵ϣ˲ֽŴ̵ָԱûٶ֮죬˸Ӧ
ָԱҲ˵ʹĵȴ
Ǹһ󷢻š



ڶǧһٶʮ Уξ
еȫССĻư̫ڹͿֲڵﶼһ󷢻š
͹Ϳֲû
ָԱճ˻ҽ֮ǹư澹ȻһΪһֻΪֻ
ֻưٶȼĳȺ˲˻˻򣬵ڵʹִ
˵ţǾò
֮󣬺һҴսŹư濪ǹǹѩ
µΣϮеǰδеĽţŰҳҲŪʲô졣
Ū죬Ӱ쵽УһҴսǵ
ѩҵ𶯣ʹ͵ɽϣѿһбµĴ죬һͼҴսѣھһ֮ѿĴ֮С
Ȼ˴֮Уںһ˵ȴʱȫˡ
ûǹĻư棬Ҳѩ
ʱȫˣҲһո̫ڹ;գá֣ƺݡ
Ȼǵһոûã˵ģȫ
ڵ¾Ȼһǧľɵġľǵɫ⣬Щ΢ۿľĻн׿ʯɣǧľһΪŲ㣬ÿһ㶼عװĸɿݹǺŮٽУÿľ϶˲ġ
ǷĹ𣿹ģ˾޴˭ڵ޽ģ

ͳ
һҴսǣڵصǰУѰҳ·ԽԽźȻˣôһֵľŲľ
Ųľʮֹ죬ÿһ㶼عװĸɿݹǺŮٽУÿľ϶˲ġ
Ųľƺһֲдսʶ˵ǽŲ
ഫ֡Ų¥ǹŴħ޵ʽ
ǵģĺɫ⡣
սһʱëȻΪЩɫ⣬ȻǺһ֮ǰõֹư棬֮࣬ʤ
һ˾ëȻеҲȫëȻĶᵽɤˣºһ˽ЩСѡ
СˣһڵˣԻľŲǰɫΪһѻҽ
Сʵֲ̫ˡ
һҴսǣСĳˣʼչͽţеȫҳ
Ȼǵĵ黹ǷˣЩĻư汻ˡ
ӣʵΣʱ̡
ھһϵоһʱ֮󣬺һսǣһڳɹЩưĹ
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ʷأУξԴڶĩʱڡ
ʱܲΪֲõĲ㣬ˡɽУξȾΣרŸĹȡƣԵá
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ǶǵһʣΪǹӹԭʣЩ̫׹ӹΪʲôҪһʣ
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ƷУĴĹ֮һСǼߣɡ
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ڣһˣҪȥعĹҳˡ
ĹԭʼɭУһȥЩʲôΣգԼʲôĹ¼
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еȫӵŶţһⶼûС
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ȻҲһѣȻ֪ǲܵˡ
Ȳ˵˼ֱֳڿ϶Ѿ˵ˣôܻ㽲
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ʱѾ12㣬ĿˣҲӦ˯ˡ
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ܼ򵥣ϺЩͬû˯ˣһ¡
ʱϣҪϵʱֵö࣬ΪһڽĿݣ֮ϵĵһڣҪʵ̫ࡣ
ʵҲںܶ˵ԤϵУΪĽĿ˵Ķǵ游ֻһӣʳ̶Ȼޡ
쿪ʼģǹǵĹ£ǡơĿʼǿ϶Ҫʵöࡣ
ֵôһζĵطʵ̫̫ˡ
ĹĹǺһҪĹλڵϵģ˿ɼĹҪģЩ±ǨѾڵصµĹ
ԭʼɭУ֮ΪķˮѨ׺ݲбĹܡ
ɽϣֲĻư棬˲ľŲ޴Ĺ󢡣
Уξ˵Լ˵򣬹ơ˵ȵȡȵȣ
еЩݣȫǻζ



ڶǧһٶʮ ʵǰ
ҹѾˣܶǶû˯⡣
ǻŽЩݣ졢ա̼ܶʱ˴ҳʼţЩطźˡ
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ǹĻưʵ̫Ϳֲˣһôսѣ˸ˡ
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صķˮѧѰĹԽԽеҲǴѧʰ
ǰΪĹǾڿĹңߵĶȫߡڲֻ֪ͨĹ˼ĵĹǷǳнģҲйҪѭġ
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һ˵ҹֻһЩµˡǺ¶ԽԽãԽԽ˾˷ܡ


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ЩȫͻȻ֮һԤУǾƺ˷ǳʵһڽĿ
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9ӵʱ֪ˣҹ¡Ŀ϶繫ġ


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ʵ൱ڴ2.8ʾѾǳˣھȻҪǣ˭ţ
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3.4
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3.4ʣֱֲ̫ˣôǳһĵӽĿȥ˰
ϵı飬Щ⣬֪һı飬һۿʱҲͬı顣
֪ǣû뵽ô࣬⻹һ̨Ŀô



ڶǧһʮ ǹӹ
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컹𣿵̨ȻţòóĽֻۣ»Ҫǡ
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ȷǳڴĿԴɣѾǵ̨Σܹ𶯼Σ
һڴɡ


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Ѿҹ¡ͣˣֻϣܹͣĻܹһЩ
Ȼʲûнͣڼǣǵĳ̶ȣĸе
ӹӹŹӹ֣һ̾Ϣ

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Խ࣬Խ˸е˷ܡ
۹ʹȻˣһôࡣͱʾֶ˷ǳˣһҹ¡ָоˬ
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ģģ˿϶ģҪһڣǺˡ
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ɣɣǶȷǲݴľʣǶԽԽӴ󡣡
ǾԼ11㣬һ˵򣬹ƵĴ¡
ֻԼϵ11㣬ҪԼԺÿϵ11㡣
ԶԶԣԼԺÿϵ11㡣


־硣
һ̾˵򣬹ƣӹпգ޾
ͬп˵۷ʱ̣ѡС˵ԭʵ֤ǲдС˵Ҳд͵С˵ң۷Ĵڡ
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ûйƽģԽܣҲòܡ
һ˵ͷȻ˵ڡ˵򣬹ơ˵һЩĹ¡ǣͻƿԣžž˰ɣ
ȻǾȻɹӹҲ顣ҲԼûС˵ɹӹˣһûбžž޷С˵ȡѵҲֲñˡ
һ˭˵أﲻˬҪɣǷԼһ֪ͿαҪ˵أ
ЦЦ˵ܼ򵥣ΪװơɳɹˣҶ֪ǰɣҾͻĶʾ̾ҲͳɹװˡˬԼװƣõ飿˵ɳɹˣҲ֪ɹǵıҲװˡҲЩɵˣΪʲôҪ˵ԭ򡣡
һ룬

һҲͬۡ
ڵĹĹ£ԭдһδ۽ˡֲܹ2.8ֱǵ3.4أȷʵ̫ǿˡ
˵򣬹ƣǾˡÿµĹӹ
µǣȷĺ͹˼£ƺֻ˲ʱ䣬ţ
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С˵֮ѾǵڼǴ۽ˣ
Nˣÿһ鶼ǲͬͣͬģͬǣܹ˴۽磬ǿ£
ǹӹ




ڶǧһʮһ 
ʱѧί칫ҡ
һЦ˵˵򣬹ƣ˴۽硣裬˵ʱڣܲٵУξǿ֮ʱûпҲ˵
貨ӦûеġӹӦýֻǽˡУξһʣȻڡ˵򣬹ơĸ˵͹أԼ鹹ġȥַ֮ǳŷ
ͷǹӹ֮ˣЩ֮ĶҲŷһǻ˵ǾͻἫϿɣʣͺðˡ
貨ȷʣͺðˡⲿơֽһ䣬ңῪһµɣĹԤǣҪַǳĵĹС˵ˡ
Ҳг󡣶ڿˡơ֮󣬿϶ĹڵĹС˵ĵĹС˵Ӧ˶ߺͶ˵˫Ӯľ档
貨ԸЩĹС˵ܹһЩ
ЦԸɡ

һ죬˶ۡơԡơڣ޾ڴ
ڽһˣҪȥǸ֮ΪķˮѨѰĹŴĹˡ
ǺһϵĵһѰĹ͵ĹᷢһЩʲô飿ֻʲôΣԼȵȣȫǳڴ
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ʱֵϵ11㣬ϵմﵽ߳
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ͬǰˣǺˡ
ӭӡŴʱ˿ˣһǰ̲ס˷ܡ
һһҶһ˷ܡ

ָͬһʱŷôﰬּͬһʱȻֹ
ʼˣȻҪˣѾڴһһҹˡ
ĹĹؼҵĹһżѧʡҹǧ곯棬˷ϱ仯ĹĽѡλ̫һ

ǰ߾ãã޾ԭʼɭ֣ӢӴŰǰ߿·ǣƥȵװǹںߣһ˾ͽ˱߾ĳɽ֮С

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ĿĵһҰ˹ĵطҲǿ鱻֮ķˮѨ
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һȣһšʮˮϸۿеΣȡ̱ʶԷλа룺ҶԵطˣйĹĹ
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ڳˣһ̧ͷϵȡ̶Աȣɽȵ࣬ڰλȷ
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ĿҲֻһĹЩĹķۡ
NɪǺЦ뵽֡
ȻѾȷ˴ĹľλãȻǿˡ
һˣֱʹһѹ·ɣʼڡ
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ڶǧһʮ 
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ڣǽĿѾߴ4.8
ңܻܿʣ˭Ҳ֪ܹﵽ٣Ҳû˸ȥ²⡣
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ڡҹ¡Ĵ棬ȻҲӹ㲥̨Ĵ档
һδ棬עڵ̨ܳһʱ䣬Զ
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ҲٶеͰǰһڵıǻֻ2.4һӾǵ4.8ˣٶȥ찡
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ЩǶƷʵǲȤЩʵڲϲ㲥һЩǸող˵һƷ
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ȵ½˵ֻ֮һЩӣӵĹҲѾ˵˵һʳԵġ
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ڣ˶ۼ֤˾봫ĵ
ңһֱ֤ȥ
ȫпǧ
˵ơѾһ䡣



ڶǧһʮ Ӱ
Եռվڰɽŵһط
ԶһֻѾʮ־޴ļһ峤4ף˫ϸҼʹվڵϵĸ߶Ѿ6ףչ8ףͷӥųеɢŲ̬š
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ȻѾ˾޴󣬵ȻһЩյֻ̬Ǳոӵš
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Ҳ֪ǲΪԼܵģ÷ɵĸţ
Σֻһôһɹ
һչ޴˫棬ܿ䵽ǰ˫еĿ
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ڣһХʵϰ졣
ũׯĹģԽԽĳҲԽԽˣȻѾ˾ԵϣҪũׯ͵ʳĶﶼԽ׳һ
ڼƷʳջ£ܻһЩգоͰԿе͵ߣɽӥӥ֮ġ
ʮҪġ
μʵϰԵú˷ܣʾһǰѧϰũׯеĵһҪ
һľԺܸߣǷǳʺϵƶ졣
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ͻȻ֮˸СܣХ컹Ǻܸ˵ģĴͣĵĹ˼䣬СһҪ¡
Ը߰Х˵νǼΪѵõģ϶ִɵ֪ˣһᱻɵݺݵıӡ
챾ΪԼѾʮ־޴ˣӦòǰ֮ˣХ֪֮ԼСЩ㷲ıʾһǰúѧϰ
Хһռ䣬Х˫һչܿڿʧ
ϲе죬ҲϽչ˫ȥʱܵģǿ϶ǲˡ

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ħʻ
ɿԶԶ߹첽ӭȥ߽ʱЦһ˵ϵܣþòˣһһͬУҿɾͳ׵İˡ
ͬһЦ˵ϸ磬ǹȥֻӦòҪĲŶѽ
ɵˣѱʲôͻڲܹ˰İ
һ˵ôͻȻ֮оѹܴҪһǲȥˣ
ǹһЦȻ֪ֻǿЦϼûκε飬ܹеѹ
һ֮ǰӰӵ׹Ӱ룬ǰȥμ֮׹ӰľٰĹʵӰᡣ
ĵӰ֮һ׹ӰﲻڵľٰӰᣬӰμӡ
ĵӰҵȻȲ׹緶ΧڣҲǾԵĵӰÿκӰĹҡ
ӰԴҲʮӣÿζǲӰǰȥμӡ
εĽᾭϿԣǱȽϺгģ׹ӰһӰۺϹҲǿ֮һΨлܹ֮⣬ЩʱЩ
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һεĺӰϣӰ˴ͺ׹Ӱ˴֮䣬һ㲻졣
˵ǻӰ߾׼һ籾׹ӰһһǴ˵ľ籾׹ͶԸͶʡ
ӰȻʮջ𣬶ԷԾǹҲ磬ⲿȷ㲻϶ԲûͶԸͶʡ
Ϊ˫ֵúܲ졣
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ӵ˻ӰЭ롣
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ڵӰ㣬ŵȻº͵򡢳⡢ĻԴ续ĺò̬ɽͱԼƬδȻյأʺڴ⾰ȴģͷȵȡ
׹Ӱ˾ڴˣƼ˴ضĵݡ硢ǡؼԱȵӰҵʿ
ҲΪˣʹĵӰĴ𱬣ؼ桢Ѥܵȫϲ
֮ҪٰĹʵӰᣬٰĵ18ʵӰᣬÿһٰʱ䲢̶ÿһ뵽ĹңҲ̶ͬ
һĹҳ˻عʮҡ
ЩҵĵӰչλǰС

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һ߳˵ѾԶֱӹȥ𣿡
༸˿˵أ
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飬ֵĵطЩȤ
ٴλصĽֵϣȻʮֵ֣Ĵ
ã鷳ΪһƬ𣿡һӶ˵
30ңͦߡԱ߸һġСŮСŮܿɰʱĿ
ӦǸŮϵ
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ΪԱԾͷʱ򣬻ͨ˱ֵЩһֻͷҲ᲻һ
ֲһ΢ͨ˿óһЩҲܹó
ȻںԱʵһǳƽ飬ۼŴԱдԱҲлﴳʱԱ
Ȼںߡ
Ļ֮󣬻Ȼʮֵľϲ˵һλӦԻμ֮ǳʵӰ𣿡
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ЦЦ˵ҵȷԻҲȷμ֮ʵӰġҲǵݣҲԱһͬԱ
ͬԱķޱ˹̫ͬԱʲô˼Ȼֲϸʡ
ȻμӵӰģӦҲǵӰȦڵˣܹͨͷԱҲ֡
Цӭ׹롣
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˵
й䣬һ·϶ۣ֮еĹʵӰᡣ
ǵӰʥأסˣ벻ӰĻ⡣
֮󽫻ٰĵӰᣬѾ˾֪飬Ȼôҵۡ
ʵϣкܶ˶רΪĵӰдԱҲͨˡ
ΪĿؾУκ˶Եֳѹۿ
ڻԱ˵һ̨ǻҵ
ͨ˵һɶõĵӰʢᣬֳֵ͡
ԣкܶר˶



ڶǧһʮ ӰῪʼ
һʵӰʽʼ
Ұ糡У޴ĳˡ
һ˵ﳡصʱѾɽ˺ѰҼԱͨˣҲдŸ豸ļߡ
һʱ̨Ȼʱ̨ܴҼݻ
˶Һʾ̨ܣֳĸˣܹҺϵĻ档
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׹ΪҲвٵˣȻҲԻˡ
ǵҲǣȫרΪεĵӰЩֻˡ
Ҳ֪һλӰ˴ǻӰЭᣬǺɵȵӰ˴û͸¶һεĵӰ˴
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òϣӰǴƬӰ棬ǵȷȲ׹Ӱ˵ǹҵĵӰĿԶû
ܵ˵ǵӰȷϲ׹Ƕ෽ۺϱȽϣ˵ǵӰ˱׹Ӱ˲ΪѵĻδؾǡ
⻰ûǵĵӰҲǷǳġ׹ӰΪǣǧҪˣ͸ɣ
ԵģǸɣ

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һһ12ҲμӣǵӰ֪һλЩľ籾ȫƱһĵӰȥٰĵӰϡǸʱûʶΪƱھ֪һλ᲻ľ籾
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ҸڴܹһЩȽ˼顣ֻרҵ֪ʶѧԼ籾ӰƬչʾ͵δ΢ԵЩƽ
ǾǺúõĿŰɣҲʧ


ڽʽʼ֮ǰһߺ̺Ļڡ
ڣҵĵӰ˴ߺ̺Ѿʼеǲǲͣҫۡ
ʼģǶ׹Ӱ˴ųıǻӰ˴
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ÿҵĵӰ˴ں̺ʱ򣬶ᵽɷֳ˵ļ򵥲ɷá
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йҵĵӰ˴ȫ˺̺֮󣬽Ľʽʼ
ݣҪרҵ֪ʶѧ籾ӰƬĵֵ̽ȡ
ֵ̽ӰƬڹȥһʱӳӰƬһǴӰƬЩӰƬҲó̽֡
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ֳеӰͶˣͶ˿һ籾ͶǲƷĻͿǩͬ
ҲֳĿ֮һ
ҲƬԤ棬ӳӰƬֳӳԤƬһõᡣ
ÿԤӰ
ˣҵĵӰˣ˵ӰԤƬɡء̩ˣȻҲӳĵӰԤƬ
ˣоǲġ
̱ȽɢҲȽ⡣Ͼǽᣬʲô佱ʢᡣ
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ҲֵУڵ
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һ֮ʱ뿪ڵкɡء̩Ǿ͹ˣҪæڲֳһġ
ҵĵӰ˴Ĵ߶뿪ԵͻأҲûҵע⡣
ڼרҵ֪ʶѧ֮󣬸ӰֿʼһЩȥһӳӰƬе̽֡
Ȼг
ֺгעһֱ



ڶǧһʮ ʲô⣿
޸һ׹Ӱ˴֮һ׹Ӱԭ磬׹Ӱŷǳߵ磬Ҳŷǳ
һ磬ı磬һ˵ҲݡԱ
һƱǳߵĵӰǹעֻԱ͵ݣȥע硣
ȻȻҼסԱס˵ݣȴ֪˭
޸Ϊһ磬ȴƵݺԱһƷ̸۵ʱ򣬳˵ݺԱ֮⣬Ҳܻ˵
ø޸ЩͽЩʱЩƮƮȻ
޸ҲȷʵʱƮƮȻʵȷǿ
һΪ׹Ӱ˴޸źǿĻȨһȫĿĵӰʢᣬ޸ȻҪΪȫĽ㡣
ͨ׵˵ҪڸӰǿĵӰˣԼֳԱˡýǰչһԼװơ
ۿŲʱˣ޸׹Ӱ˼֮˵λ𾴵ĵӰˣýѣֳеǡ
޸⻰ҪԴ˵ԣĵӰ˴ͣ˸ԵĻ̸̌ͷ޸Ҫ޸Ҫ˵Щʲô
ֳý߳׹⣬ҲϹļߣ֪ⳡӰʢᣬһзǳмֵš
ļȻҲС
޸еļ߶ʶ޸ƺʲôҪ˵еļȫ۾һԤеһǳмֵҪˡ
еӰͷȫ׼˸޸ǲⲻͣ
ֳԱǣ˶ʶ޸˶˵޸֡
ߵ˵Ǹ޸֮ЩȻԭǾǴ׹Ӱԭ޸
޸Ҫ˵ʲôȻҲȤ
һʱ䣬ֳҲͬע˸޸ϡ
޸Լһ˵ֳ˵עȫԼϣ⣬˵ΪӰ磬ǵҪְǴ㹻ĵӰȫĹǶܹǵĵӰȫĹڹۿӰʱ򣬸ܵĶáˡ𺳵ȵǴһЩӰȥǵʱ䣬ȥ¡ǵΣҲǵ񡣡
˵ʱֳ׶
ȻֳǶڸ޸⻰ȫʮֵͬ
޸˵úãеĵӰ磬޸һģǾͲñЩӰĥˡ
ûһӰ벻ãأӰ籾ҲҪġл޸ΪǴô籾

ܶ˷׷˵һ˵ͷܸ޸Ŀģ⻰ȷǶԵģΪһӰ磬ȷκ񣬽ĵӰڡ
ҵĵӰ˿Ÿ޸Ϻܶ˶ڵͷԸ޸˵ʾͬüͷȴǲɫ壬̫׸޸˵⡣
ɡء̩໥俴˿ͬüͷ΢΢塣
ֳ׶޸⣬˵ӹȥڣѾ˷ǳӰҷһ⣬ǾڵĵӰѡϻḻ˵زĵѡϣḻҳ룬ǲܹѡĵӰ
޸һ˵ֳ˶ڻѾӳЩӰ֣޸˵
֮ǰҲĵӰĲḻڸ޸һ˵ԽԽú֮ǰЩӰѡϣǲôḻ
ȻⱾûжԴ˵֮ǰЩӰѾܷḻˣ޸һ˵֮󣬴Ҳͬúǲḻ
ḻҵĵӰȫüͷ壬ḻ𣿲ðɡôͲḻˣ
ȻҪ˵ḻҲٷḻҲ˵ḻǣⱾһûжԴ˵
ѡӰ⵱ȻҲǿԵġ
ֻǸ޸˵ʲô⣿ѵ뵽һµģѾ˾籾ҪóNɪһ
ҵĵӰţʱǻǲ̫׸޸⡣
һĵӰ˵޸˵ǵȻҲͬ⡣ѡӰ⵱ȻǺ¶޸ѵ׼һ籾
޸ЦЦ˵ϵˣһû׼һ籾ֻʹ̽һ⣬Щ֮ǰûѡģĳһӰǵĵӰԵøӷḻҲǵĹڿиѡ񡣡
ֻһڵӰ໥俴ôоû򵥣



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ܹҵģȷһ¡
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޸֪ҿ϶ͬҲ϶ֳܹĹǣⲢĿģǰᡣ
˵ǶǵӰĸλҲĵӰˡôҵĿڵӰģǵκˣǱҪΪҵĵӰˣôͷúͰԣҽǽÿһҵӰˣܹҵһµģ֮ǰûĹģҳɹΪһӰ
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޸Ѿѽ˵ˡңѻ˵ôģֳýߺĹȫˡ
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Ϊ˴ҲѡһǳƧѵģѡ֮󣬻ҪֳΪĴһ籾ʱ1Сʱ
Ȼ1Сʱʱ䲻籾ֻҪһĹ¿ܾͿˡֳıǣı磬ûġ
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Ȼ׹ĵӰҪԽԽ޷ˡ
Ҫѹѹˡ
ʵ׹֮ܳΪһӰԭɵģԲΪ׹ĵӰǣҵĵӰǿ٣ܹĹҵĵӰǣ޷Ʒ
ԣھԹǰ£ֳҵıǣ¸޸ս
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ȻҲ˵׹Ӱգ籾ûоԹƽ飬׹Ӱк룬ܹΪٰܹĽᣬǵȷʸռȻ
Ծòƽǹ
ȻûãǾֻӦ̶ȵĽֵ飿
׹֮⣬ֳ11ңһҵĵӰ˴ʱȴΪɡ
ȻǻĵӰ˴ˡ
ܹ֮ΪɣȻΪһͬС
ţֻҪڣ׹Ӱģǰ׼ҲһԿп׹Ӱµľ棬ΪǻӰ˼¡
ʱѾͺɡء̩һ
С˵ϵܣô
ЦЦ˵Ǻ¶Ӧ֧֡
ɵµȷһ£ֻ׹ǱбҪΪ֪׹ΪʲôǵӰһ
һЦ˵ǵȷģܹܲʵ֣ǿɾ˵׼ˡ
ɡء̩һ˵ȫ۾Ǿ֪ڣһж⡣
ЩȲʵѾ뷨ѡʲôģ
뷨ǻûУżȿ˵
ɡء̩˵˵ͷȻ˵˲żȻҲͲżˡ
ֳеĵӰˣ˶׹ĵӰ֮⣬ƾֻʱżˡ

޸׹λӰ˴ڵ鶼ǼãһμΪѵõĻᣬ׹Ӱһȫ֤ΪʲôǵһӰ
Ҳܹһ֤׹ܹΪһӰǾԵʵ顣
ȻǵȷʹֶΣû˻ȥ⣬ֻ֪׹ӰһΣһѹ11Ӱǿ
ƾ޾ݵģýҲȥ⣬û壬ýֻᱨ鱾
һ׹ӰվƸߵ㡣
Ϊ׹Ӱ飬ŷǳ塣ΪȫĵӰǣѰĵӰģõӰԵøӵķḻʡ
飬ȷǳҪҲǳ壬пӰʷʷᡣ
ԣǻģǻᱻƵģҲᱻҵĹڴ
Ȼ׹Ӱ˵һεҪ죬һǰᣬǾ׹Ӱһܹһ֮ǰûĹģĳһǳĵӰ
ңҪѹ11ңȡһƯʤ
һǵ̲ܹ졣
11Уйĳ˱Ǹ㣬ƱǸߵĵӰ
ôһε̣ǾҪΪ˼ˡ
ңǻᷴΪ˵ıȱ˲ɣñ˲Լ
׹Ӱ˴Ȼǲܻᷢ飬ģѾ׼ôܻ䣿
ϣһݣ˵޸˵һûпܻӮ
޸һЦ˵ǾԲܻӮǵıʵҲǿδؾͻҲ١Ҫڶ̶̵ʱ֮ڣѡһ֮ǰûģҪĴĹڣԲжáܻͶԸͶʡǸո˵ˣһֳûͶԸͶʣֻѡԷ㡣֮жԷľУҲȻ᲻áԣǺпܶѡһǾͳ׵ĳΪǵıˡ
ϣЦ޸˵Ĳȷڷ֮ǰǻѡģ޸ΪǻѡЩʲôģ
޸ǲò²⡣ΪܹͶͶʣ϶ѡһЩƹµġһĵѡϣǾͿӮһ֡
ϣͷȷˡ



ڶǧһʮ һλ
ҵĵӰڵ飬ֳڶļǣʱ˷ֳܵд塣
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Ҳ֪ĽעʼƽҲ׼
֪һܹ˵һܹȫ緶Χڣ˸е˷ܺڴ
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еЩڶʵ˷ǳڴ
ýһڴŴ𰸣һ߷ٵûż̡
˴ν11ҵıǣЩǣ޸Ľ飬пѾǰ׼ǸԹҵĵӰ˴ѾʧȻﻹ׹룬׹ΪзǳԵơ
ⲢһƽĽȴ޷һ£ֻԼҵĵӰˣܹһ˾ϲĴ𰸡
ֳһڹǵ̬Ҳ΢Щͬ󲿷ֵĹڶ׹ˣ˷ܶڴ
ǱŽ᲻ҪôƽܹһЩ˼顣
ڣȻûʧ˼鷢ˡ
޸ãڵĵӰȷḻһܹĳ֮ǰûĹģһǳ塣
Ҳ֪Ҷѡʲôģ˷ǳڴ
ڴĻǸ޸Ʒ޸ĵӰ磬ЩҵıǹȻҲ㣬޸ȣЩࡣ
һҪֳҵӰͶˣʵһֽҲ֪мҵƷܹɹҵͶˣ
׹֮⣬ӦҲмҰɡҶǵӰǿȻ׹в࣬ʵǷǳǿġ
ѣһε⣬֮ǰûġ籾ƵٺãвСķգͶ˶ǳ׳ֵġңһСʱʱ䣬ֻܹƳһĹ¿ܣ͸Ͷˡ
⵹ǡֻ׹ܹҵͶˣǻ᲻̫įˣ
ҲͶˣԷԼûǸʵҲȷҪ㣬֮취ͶʡͿЩӰûǸźˣȷԷ㣬Ǿֻ˵ûš
ҹƲѡԷ㣬ΪȷҪԷ㣬ȴΪҲͶ޷㣬ֻʽǳޣĳĵӰ̫̫ˣǹӰֱֳӸɴѡȻ˵ҲЩҲܹ⡣
ȷܹ⣬ϾǵĵӰʵȲ׹Ҳûи޸Ӱ硣

׹Ĺ۷׷ף11ңڵĹˣͲˡ
Ҷܹµõ޸϶׼ⱾͲһƽĽ˵ҶĬֲƽȴȫһ֮Բѣﲻˬˡ
ҳϣ׹ȷǵӰһҲȷĵӰģǵȷнʸ񣬵ƽĶۣǾԹƽĽ׹ܹ֤һӮ
˵ú޸ʵԶֳҵĵӰһ
˵׹ǣ֧ԼҵĵӰˣӦõġǹҵĵӰνУռȻʵҲᶼһ°ɡ
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ðɣòϣ˵ȻЩǿʶԷ
ˣ׹Ҳһʤɣڿɱѻ˵̫ˣõʱղ
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ȷľ֣һιȷǷǳĵӰ磬ϧ޷ǵĸ޸ȡ
ȷ޸ǲҪˣһλҲǿͨԽ绰
ȷһλԵũׯʮǵӰˣҲûֱӴӰƷԣ˵ǲܷġ
ƺȷûֱӴӰƷⲢᴴӰƷҾڻǵ͵һá
ǲǸߵǵȷţ˵һĻ֣ӮҲһǡ
ǾĿԴɡ
Ȼ




ڶǧһʮ ѡʲôģ
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ҵĹᵽһԻĹǲֵ⣬Ѿ磬ִ£ҲѾʼ
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׹Щڽ˵ˣĳˣӮҲǣԻĹǲˡ
ǲûȥۣû۵ıҪЩһûʶı£Ҳûá
ڹؼǣֳĺɡ󻪵ˣĻ
Ը֣ͳ䶨ˣ׹Ӱµľ棬ΪǻӰ˼¡
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ʵϣƷ˸ıӾ֮⣬ııɵӰһǾ䡣
ţֻҪɡ󻪵ˣһ֣Ͼ漰һЩҵ⡣
ֻǣɡ󻪵˻
ֳԻĹǶԴ˲ȷ
кɵڣӦûɡϾɵݺĹϵǳǺܺÿڵġ˵
Ҳǣȼϣʮֵڴ
ĳ֣һεǻҪл޸Ǹ޸ľ棬ûгֵĻᡣ

ֳĹۣʱֳǵĸѾԼڵŻŻȫڵһʱ䣬籨ֳ
ϸҵǣȫ֪˴ʱӰϣ·顣
ûвμӴ˴νĹңҲͬмȥ˽ֳһȫ綼ڹעĵӰʢᣬǹҵĵӰȻûȥμӣҲͬҪעǡ
ҵ۲ͣ
׹Ȼ˷ܲѣڴ׹ӰһΣһ磬ٿһһӰʵ
μ˽11ҵǣЩͬʱҲЩڴ
Ҿ֪׹ӰһҪ飬ԼǵһӰԽԽԼ˲ˡһǲΪԼѾӮˣ
ǵȷΪģʵҲˡΪǵʵӮΪΪǸģռ˺ܴıˣ˵ƷѾ׼ˡ11ȴֻһСʱʱ׼ǲӮġ
ȷⱾǲƽġ˭úĵӰأƽҲûа취
׿Ĳ˵޸һεĲǵĵӰȷҪһЩʵѪҺˡ
ҲΪˣڲͬʱЩڴЩìܡ
˭˵ء

11μ˽ĹҵЩìܣҵǣɾûìˡ
еֻ˷ܺڴ
ǳڴ޸ĵӰ֮һãֵڴ
֪ҶѡʲôģڶûĹģһǷǳźͲˣȷǳڴ
ѡʲôһ档⣬ЩܹӮֳͶͶʣЩûͶͶʵĹңѡԷ㣿ͬڴ
иڴģͶͶ㣬Է㣬ĳĵӰЧôòÿҪġ
˵һϵĹңѡӰôһҪȵֳܷ֮ʤˡʱҪƱ˵
ϣܹϵĹѡ㣬˼ڴֻһѡ㣬Ǿûж˼ˡ
׹ΪǷߣǿ϶ҪġͿЩûлѡˣ
͹˵һЩ˵ǲƽġ˵ҪҪһǳ飬ֵڴ


ýǵرӰֳڷ飬Ϊȫ綼ڹעĽ㡣
ȫڹעĽչǳڴ
Ŀǰ׶ڴģǸҵĵӰ˴ѡʲôģ
ڣֳһڵӰ˴ھ˽ŵ֮󣬲඼Ѿѡġ
޸˵ӴƺѾѡģôھȹİɡֳе˶һǳڴǵĴ𰸡
ҵĵӰ˻˵ͷȻѾľ棬Ǿ;Ŭá
һҵĵӰ˵ȻˣǾ޸ǵĴ𰸰ɡ
⻰˵ֳеӰ˵˼Ȼ޸һгӣǵҪ㵽ѡһʲôģ



ڶǧһʮ Ƿһ
޸˵ͷҲ飬˵ȻȻǷģӦ𵽴ͷáĵӰƷУʲôĵĵӰǶࡣһǾֹǽһֻǵģûǵǲ࣬һֻȻⲻǶƬĵӰ
һֻ۾һЩ˼
ǰĵӰʲôĵĵӰǵȷࡣ
ӰֲǶƬǵȻˡ
޸һν趨Ϊһֻȷһִ󵨵Ĵ£˶ú˼
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ֳеĹҲۣе˶ֳŨȤ11μӽĹҵˡ
ȻⲢ޸ĵӰͳɹˣؼҪµƣԼĵӰЧôܹܲˣ
ֻ㹻ˣյƱпܸߡ
ڴҶֳŨȤǷǳҪġ
ҸȤˣΪȡøƱӮǰܹͶ˵ȤͶܹرͶѡͶʵĿԾͷǳˡ
ֳ11ҵĵӰˣҪɹͶ˵ͶʣҲҪͶ˿ر
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ֳԱܶ࣬඼ǻԱѰҼ
ԣ޸һڵӰˣһķޱ˹ԱֻɻʲôҪķޱ˹ȷϣѡʲôϵ
ֳýߺеĹҲɻ໥˽
ķޱ˹ԼҲЩɻȻҲϳֻǲ֪ʲôҪȷϣ
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ͷޱ˹Զݣ֪ڶǷһ˹ƶ



ڶǧһʮ ԡΪ
˹ƶޱ˹ЩȣȻ֪Ǹ
ڶݣȷһ˹ƶļ
˹ƶѾ꣬ѾЩˡ˵ڼƻ֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬳ٳûпʼж
ܶݱˣ֪ôһһ˾Ȼ֪
ޱ˹֪֮˹ƶΪϼҾ˹ƶԶ
ܸеȣ֪ʵ⣬ޱ˹˵ǵڶݵȷһ˹ƶļֻѾ꣬Щˡ
޸Ҳ֪ôһֻҲȫʵ⣬ԽԽɻ
ʵϲֻ޸ֳÿһ˶⣬ɡȻӰ˴ףҲЩɻĿ
ֳļʱҲϸˣ໥˹ƶ⡣
ֳĹȻҲ۷׷ס
С˭ôʵʲôѡʲôϵ
һҾԶݣû˵ôһ
û˵˭עһʲô֣һһļ
ޱ˹˵ڶݵȷôһֻǣǸ˵ʲô˼ܹӰ𣿡
ĵӰ˴ʱû˵ǸӦܹɡ

ȺĴȺԻĹڣʱȴǿ˼

ûΧ˵ɻ۵ЩĿ˿ޱ˹˵ͷ˵ллôһͺáֻ֣е̫ˡ
ޱ˹˵ʵ˵Ҳ̫ˣÿ˵ʱ򣬶оЩ󷽱㡣ͽ֣Ҳûа취
ЦǿԸһ֣һһ֡
ޱ˹ȷǸ취
ޱ˹ȻʴˣȴԽԽͿˣԽԽˡ
ƺܸȤ˵ʲôҪ֣޷⡣
ʵǲףһѾ꣬ŶѾҪƾɼʲô֮˸Ȥ
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ޱ˹ԽԽͿֳ޸һڵӰڵˣҲͬԽԽͿˣȫ㲻⡣
ܿˡ
һޱ˹ʾ˸лֶ֮Ը޸˵޸ҪѾȷˣǾǡǴԡΪһӰ
ԡΪģ˶һ㶣ҲΪӰģĵӰܹг
㶹֮ĵһӦȫЩ
һѺ˵ĵطʵǲ֪ڼôĵӰ
ĳ˵ӰȤȥ
ֳ󲿷ֵ˶̲סֱҡͷǾԲȤȥʲôڼĵӰġ
ǷߵļеأģͲôܻȤȥ
˶ò˼顣ǵ֮ǰޱ˹˹ƶ⡣
ԭһڼĵӰ
ò˵뷨ǳĴ󵨡ֻ˭ѡĸսԣôԼΪĺʻõһ
ôѾֻûսԵˣֱһЩѡ
޸ͬò˼飬˵ҪԡΪ𣿡
˵ͷ˵ȻҾĻʲô𣿡
Ϊʲô⣿⵹ûУؼĻйԸ⿴
˵ûйԸ⿴ˣǵݹҲԸİĸݻԸһԡΪĵĵӰ
ûƱɼҪҪǺпܻᱻͬк糰Ц˵ɣȻȥԡΪĵĵӰ
ֻͬҲûжԱԸݣûκԱֻ¶Ը⡣
ΪԺǳˣĹԡΪĵĵӰһ㣬пܾͻΪǲʵľڳЦ
ȻӰͶ˾͸ͶˡͶˣԻᱻЦʲô۹ⰡĵĵӰҲͶʣ
ЩⶼԶ׼ģֻҪ΢һܹõ
ԣҲ˵⣬⡣
Ӱ˴Уһλ˹ĵӰ˵ƺЩף࿼һ¡
ӰͻӰĹϵ˹̲סҪһ
֮ǰһʱѾ֪˼˹֣֪˹һ⣬ѺõЦЦ˵л˹ĺ⣬ҶĵĵӰġ
⡭˹겻˵ʲôˣĿ⿴ɡˡ˼ԣѯʺɡˣ˵ľʹǵô˵䣿



ڶǧһʮ ӵѡ
ɡ׼˹⣬˵ҪԡΪĵʱʵҲΪ졣
ҲֻЩѣѾԵΣ˵ԡΪģʲôΪŵĶΪģǶ˿Ļɡ
ɶԼ˹˵˹ǵȷ׼ԡΪģżԡΪģҲܹĳǳƷ
˹˵ͷҲͲٶ˵ʲôˣֻȴǷǳε̾һʵ벻׻ǱߣΪʲôҪԡΪģ
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ȷǳĲ򣬵ȴһֻᱻΪԴĲĵӰ˻ѡԡΪģ
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˹벻ףֳеҲͬ벻ף˹ո뵽ģеҲͬ뵽ˣⱾǺ뵽⡣
󣬲ͬ΢ͬ˼
޸Ҳһ»ӰǱߣϸĿһ£ڸĻü
ڵӰҵȻϲ׹ۺϹϣ׹֮£Ҫʤ
ˣ޸̫Ը⻪Ӱ˴һεĵӰ϶ȫĿĵӰʢᣬҪȫȥġ
ѡ񡰼ֻԵģǵȷЩģᱻȫ˿Ц
Ժ󻪹Ӱ˴عпܻ췽ʾ
Ȼ׹Ӱ磬»ӰʾڻֳǲҪĺá
ԣ޸ѻӰ˴ǸһĵġҪ򣬿ǲܿ⣬ɡЩɶϽˣӦֹŶԡ
˺ɵĻ֮󣬸޸ִͷˣҪȫǰǾȥɡ
ʵϣڸ޸һ׹Ӱ˴ʵǺ⿴Ӱ˶ģӰľ֮һۺϹֲ׹֮¡
Ķ֣ܹԷȫǰȻһ˷ǳõ顣
޸˵ȻλȷҪԡΪģѾ׼һǳĹ£˷ǳڴڣҶѾȷԼģһСʱʱ䣬Ϊѡģʼ°ɡŴҴĹ¶һǳ㣬˼ĵʱ̣ҷǳ˷ܡ
ѡˣô͸ôˡܹܲɹֳӰͶ˵ͶʣĹµžԵá
ˣֳеĵӰ˶ҵѾʱǿɲ붪ӡ
ûͶԸͶʣǶٶһЩӡ
Ϊ˻Ӱѡ񡰼ΪһǰӰûôˡ
ΪӰѾעӵˣлӰ˵ףǾٶӣҲܲ١
̶ϿӰЩмӰˡ

ӰڽŵĴŹ£ֳеýǣǰδе˷ܣĸŸ塣
Ϊпŵˡ
ȻǻӰѡģȻǡýǺ˷ܣţűȥǾܹѸȫ緶Χ䶯
ԻýǣҲͬ˷ܡǵ˷ܣý˷ܲͬ
˷ܣΪǲ³ݡ
һɺɡѡģһڻýǿ϶ǳģҲеЩûӣôѡôһأ
ڣʵԣһѡġ
ôһȫһˡýǲģǳ˷ܣǶҲͬԵΡ
ܹܵҵýǣ⿴ǵĿУֻζ
Ҳ֪ҵýǣʱһﳰЦǣһ߷ϸͬʱڴĺչҪһֱֱ鳹׵ĳ䶨
ЦЩһھֻͳЦɣԺǾ֪ˣǽֻͳЦһǳ޴顣
ýǳڴڴԡΪĵĵӰӳʱЩֻﳰЦǵļǺݺݵĴ



ڶǧһʮ ֪
ֳý˷ܵĸϸ壬ֳеĹ۲ͣ
۵Ҫ㣬ȻǻӰ˴ѡ񡰼Ϊһ顣
ھ˿ⶼһּΪǵѡ
Ȼѡ񡮼ΪģӰԴ˰ɣĵĵӰǾԲȥġһ뵽ͲôܻȥĵĵӰ
ֻûйȥҲеԸģԱԸݣͶԸͶʣⲿƷעزַۡʽزۣעҪ˳Ц治֪ôģ
ƺǸѡģ˭Ϊʲôѡһ˻ģɡ˲ֹǳʹֱӾͬˣ
ѵǸ˾ǻλⲻܰɣôܻѡôģ
ӦòɡΪֲֹһλ˿ˡ
ҲпֻܹͺɡΪûֹΪʲôѡôһģʵɣҲпǹĴ̫ڿˣʵûде񡣡
֮ǰ˵ֻҪԸ֣һεʤͽôǸһַʤøûˡ
һ֤˹ĴԣȷʵǹڿˡҾ˵һб£Ҳ񡣡
ȻǸ˵ǲڻһǲһεĽǳ׵ĵˡ
ǿ϶϶ûеӰͶͶʵģͿǻ᲻ԷˣǸĻӦûԷ㡣ϾǳǮ϶ġؼͿܹܲҵݺԱˣ
ţȻ֪ˡ

ֳĹ۷׷ףȺԻĹǣΧ˵ֱۣЦЩһȻΪҪĵӰпܻҲݺԱ
֪
Щһ֪ֻҪųһźţʲôƷݺԱǶͷĵݺԱ
ӣЩһȻ˹Ĵԣվû֪Ŀֲ
⵹Ҳܹ⡣
ϾĹµȷǳĴ棬ܣȷš
һԻĹǣʱѾȷˣǸ˾Ǹով˼Ѿܹȫȷˡ
һξȻ˺룬ֳĹǰδе˷ܣΪǽѡֳеֵˡ
ǾţһµĴ£ͽﵮǶ˵ֳ֤ߡ
ԡΪĵӰȥǳĻ
ȷǵģҲΪģҲضֳһȵĲãΪһȴľ
ڣ
ôͲһȴľһδµĿʼ
ǶԴ˾ԵţֻšŵϢعڣҲһԴ˼Ųɡ
Ϊ˵еˡ
ҲһֳĻǻȷϣǾԡΪĵⲿӰڹ㣿Ǿ׹㣿ùڵԱ㣿׹Ա㣿
֮ǰ׹Աķޱ˹˵ᵽ׹ݵ˹ƶ
֮ԻѡԡΪģƺҲ˶
ôݴ·ⲿƷܿܲڹ㣬Ǿڶݵ˹ƶ㡣
УһҲпܻ׹Ա㣬Ҳ˵һ׹ΪĵӰ
Ǹķޱ˹Աпܻᱻ룬ⲿӰпܻǡ
Ǹķޱ˹ԱĻԵ
һڻĹ̾Ҳ֪ǸС֮ǰйĽȻõ˻Ե
ȻԵˣǸСܲץסһ
ΪЩ׹ԱǣȻҲֳ׹ĹһûܹĴ£֪Ŀֲ
ǿһӰһЦ飬һ޴ľ
ôһǸķޱ˹Ա᲻룿Ĳ˵
һڻĹǶԴˣЩ档
֮ԻΪһλ׹ΪӰ׹ԱݣһԭǾΪԸ޸Ϊ׹Ӱһν
޸бģҪ11Ϊһγȫ׹ǵӰһ
ôƫƫҪһ׹ΪĵӰҪ׹ԱݣһӰȥ͸޸˵ĵӰúýһ
㲻ҪΪȫԼҾһ׹ΪĵӰѹ㣬޻˵
һԻĹԽԽ˷ܣԽԽڴ



ڶǧһʮ ʧڴ
ֳĹԽԽ˷ܣʱֳ߷صıӰѡԡΪһ£Ѿȫ֪
֪ȫе޷⣬ӰȻȲ׹ӰҲǾԵĵӰһΪʲôѡôһģ
˭뵽ǾԲȤȥģӰΪʲôҪѡ
ȫ޷⣬۷׷ס
бǿ⿪˴ɻ
гƣѡһĵˣλĴ
ж˵ȫ϶ָԺܸߡ
ңֳ
ѾȫЩҵ˶¼̫ܲ˽⣬һ֪֣֪ڻôһ
˵ѡһĵЩȻԭѡġ
ⲢһͻĹһ֮ǰĲú˷ܺڴ
Ȼǲ⣬֮ǰӵĲˡ
ȻѡĵǾ͸Ӧѡ񡰼Ϊ˰
ڴУ𣿲ӦѡôһȫȤİ޷⡣
˭֪أҲԹڿ˰ɣֻŹͷΪԼѡΪģҲܹӮһν
أѡΪģǲȥˡǲûʲôӰ죬һڴ׹һεƷԶΪǣžͺЩ˼
ȷмѡģҲЩ˼Ϳܹܲɹˡ
һʧұԻкܴϣġϾҲǵӰŽǰû⡣
ȷʧҲ֪һεĵӰܹܹɹ㣿ȻɹˣҲȥ
Ҫɹ㣬еѣǮ⣬ǵݺԱ⡣
˵˵

۷׷ףڻһεѡ񣬺Щʧ
֮ԻʧΪ֮ǰԻ˺ܴϣ˵ڴ׹ĵӰ֮⣬ڴĵӰˡ
Ŀǰ׹һӰ޿顣׹֮ڶӦĸңЩˡ
˵ǻҲ˵ǰع˵Ҫ
ڶ飬ӰٿԼǰȻкܴϣ
ڣʧˡ

ҵĹʧˣĹȴǰδе˷ܡ
ҵļǲ²⣬Ǹ˿ýǣʮȷıˣ˿ںеĵӰϣѡˡΪһġ
ϢûĹǼΪ˷ܺͼһ¼֮⣬ǲǻԤʾʽӰƷ
ĻԺ˵еڶ
һ˾ܵϢ
ȻĵӰԺˣҪܵģһԡΪĵĵӰ
ȻʵҲҵĹһڡȫȤΪĵӰȫΪһ̬
ǾǴԽǲ⣬ԽǲȤģ˵ľϲͻԽ
˵ҾţⲿԡΪĵĵӰǼľϲ
ǼΪڴѡһģӵڴ
ʱ˿̣ǵҹǵνˡ
һڴһʧ

Ӱֳ
ֳĹ飬ֳҵļǣ򻪹ߵУĴֻζ
ʱܿ͹һСʱҴµʱѾˡ
޸һЦ˵λĵӰˣżֻһСʱʱ䣬ӦҲѾƳ˹µĴܡ⣬Ѿ㹻ˡֳĵӰͶǣҲѾ׼Ѿ̲סҪˡ⽫һεӰļѻ
ֳʮλӰͶˣֱԶͬĹңڵȷЩԾԾԣǳڴ
Ϊ޸ո˵ֳ͵ӰǩͶʺͬȷпܻΪһμѻ
ΪȫĿʢᣬֳȷͶʣᱻֳļ౨ᱻȫĹ֪ӰԶƽʱͶһӰҪöࡣ
ãֳͶʵĵӰʽӳܹ֮ȡòƱӰȵӡ
ڹȥһƱھӰһĺӰϣһ˹ĵӰͶͶʵġ
Ʊھ˹Ӯ÷رͬʱҲǰߣ˷׷׸̾ͶʵӰ۹֮׼
󡢸лرǽܹʮλԲͬҵĵӰͶֳԭ
ڣѾ̲סҪˡ
ֳĹںͼ˵Ҳ˷ǳڴʱ̡



ڶǧһʮ ԸͶ
ֳĵӰͶԾԾԣһйѡģ֮ǰûģƱǰһԵδ֪͸ӿǵ۹ˡ
ֳļߺ͹ǼΪڴЩҵĵӰܹɹõӰͶ˵Ͷʣһʮڴ顣
ҵĵӰ˴˵ͷǶԴҲʮֵӣҲ˶ʧӡ
֮󣬸Ӱ˴̽ԼƵĹ£ֳĵӰĿǷֵͶʣ
ǱҪΪһ˫нͶʶˣ˫ա
ͶʧܣͶʵĵӰƱΪҵʧĲֻǮƣҲܵһӰ죬˵ͶʵӰ۹ⲻС
ԣÿһӰʮֽ׳֡

ûãһɹõӰͶʵĹҵˣ
ֳ󻶺ýһμٸϸ壬мֳֵˡ
˵һңֳ֮˵ڶҡ
գ11ңȫԼƵĹ£а׹عڵңɹֳ˵ӰͶ˵Ͷʡ
ûлõӰͶͶʵĹңصĿһ֮ѡ˷ûðյѡԷ㡣
ѡ˶ܹ⡣
˶Ŀ⼯ˣӰ˴ڵλãֻʣ˻һңûнԼƵĹˡ
ȻҶԡΪĵĵӰû˿ȤһЩǸ˵׻һĹ£
⣬ҪֳҵͶ˿϶ǲˣǸĻӦûԷˡ
Ǯһ㣬˶û顣
˵Ŀⶼй˵ͷ˵һڼͷ˵Ĺ¡
ֳ˶˵ͷ֪ǹڼͷ˵Ĺ£ⲻϻ𣿼ͷйأܹʲôйأ
ڵڹƵĺ󻰡
ȻǺܿȻ֣ڹƷƺûкˡ
ڹ·Ľͽֻôһ䡣
Ϊ˵ȥˣⲿƷҴ׹㣬ҪǶݵ˹ƶһȥ͵صЭ̡룬ǻȤġ
⻰Ȼֳһ飬ֲ֮ǰҪݵ˹ƶأԭҪӰ
ţȵȣѵȷˣݵȷ˹ƶ֮󣬲žԡΪĵģ
ʲô˸㲻
һԻĹǣ΢Цŵ˵ͷ˵Ȼ
޸˵Ҫ׹ⲿӰǸеǳҡ˹ƶȻҲֻܾڹڷ棬˵һ˵𣿡
ڹڷ棬ҲԸʹҶ˵ڻûнµĴܶڻúʹ˵
޸ͷ˵ԭ޸ȴЩЦĵҾ֪Сӻûаѹ¿ƳڡƳʲôĹ£Сճ
˵ûн¿ֳܶҲͬЩЦҲЩź֮޷ˡ
Ҳ֪Ĺ¿ܶûʵһֳҲеӰͶͶʡ
ֳԻĵӰͶˣܻѡͶʣ֪ΪΣֳûԻĵӰͶˡ
޸˵ȻĹ»ûƳǹֳǲͶ˸Ȥˡոյ˼ҪѡԷ𣿡
ȻģҲֳ֪ӦòͶ˶ƷȤǾԼͶʺˡ
һǮ˵ֱáԲơݣǮʵ̫̫ˡ
ңⲿƷ׬ǧٱĻر
ȻֳͶԸͶʣҲܾ
һλԵֳԸͶʣ˵ԷõλԵԸȫԷõλԵ
ǧٱĻرп޵Ķ⡣
ͷʾȷҪԷ㣬ֳһλӰȴͻȻ˵ãҽտСգҿһ𣿡
տСյͶ˴˾٣ֳ˶һ㶣׺տʲô⡣
Ҳ΢Щ죬˵Ȼԣտʡ
տеͷʵǽ𣿾Եũׯˣ
ЦЦ˵ҵȷһׯ԰Եũׯ
ֳ㴫Ȼ֮Ȼ֮ǰ²⵽ˣǸ˿ܾ׿ڳϣһǸоһҵĳ
̫ԵũׯҲ̫ͬ󡣰Щ֮ǰ˵ʵЩˣʱ򶼸ܵ˳
ѾΪԹڿţȷǸľʱǻǸо
Ҳ֪ΪλȴǷǳС
޸ڵһڵӰˣҲһȻ
տСյͶˣĬһС֮϶˵ȻôԸͶⲿӰ֪𣿡



ڶǧһʮһ ֳ
տСմ˻һֳ˽ԾȻԸͶԡΪĵƷ
ʲôǮ̫ò𣿹ؼǶӰ찡ͶʵӰ۹Ҳ̫˰ɡ
Ȼȷܴ󣬵ٴҲ˶ԭȤģԡΪĵĵӰøȤǡ
ҲΪ󣬾ȥԼȤƷپ󲿷˶ˡ
ôⲿԡΪĵĵӰʹ֮ǰĽ֣ûʲô
ǸտеͶˣôͶأ
ֳ˶еȲѣЩ⣬˵ŶտȷҪͶҵⲿӰ𣿡
տ˵ǵģҷǳȷ
㲻ͶʵķôҪ٣
տ˵۶ҶԸͶʣǸߵòôǮ
ЦЦ˵ȻˣҽܺտͶʣллտΡ
տһϲ˵ллҵͶʣҸеǳҡ
һʲͶʡ
տеҲΪġ
˼仰ĶԻͽöˡöֳ˲Żع
ȷͶˣǸտеĵӰͶˣԴɣ
ֳе˶룬ȷ޷⣬֮ǰѡԡΪһ޷⡣
տ˵տⲿӰôҲʲôƱҪͶ𣿡
տеЦһָоͶⲿӰеͶĿУȷһû֮һ
ֵ֮оôܹΪأⲿӰȻҪ׹㣬Ǻпܻ׹Ա㡣ܲܳɹԱһءϾԱǿ϶ǲԸһƷġ
տе˵ͷ˵׹Ա֪ԱҲã֪ԱҲգܵȷԸһƷҵʵԱġңЩԱڲ֮Ϊȷľ֮һ
⡭֮ҡҡͷоѾ޷ͺտˡ
ˣȥɣ֮ڵʱ򣬾ͻ֪Լһô޴ľ
޸һ˵Ӱ˴Ҳͬе⣬ȫɵĿ˺տкüۣǼûгɹͶͶʵĹҵĵӰ˴ʵ벻ףΪʲôԼƷûͶʣԡΪĵƷͶʡ
ң¿ܶûнǰ¡
벻װԭΪζһףǲġ
Ȼڣ˼һɹĻ˵ӰͶ˵Ͷʣһƽ顣
ϧٲƽҲֻε̾Ϣһı䲻ʲô
Ψкɡ˿źտУЩԷĸ֪
ʣ⽫һ׬ȡΪĻرͶʣտܹץסλȷ
һڼһηĸϸ壬һ˴۾⣬żֵҪڵһʱ䱨ȥ
ԡΪĵĵӰȻɹͶʣעһϣǵȳ

֮ǰ˵һԸͶʵĻܾһͶܹ׬ȡĻر
ԷȻץסһλԵһλԵ㵱
˵Ҹո˵ˣⲿӰҴڶݵ˹ƶ㡣ôҿѾµˣⲿӰҽ׹Աǳݡ
ֳʱһ֮ܶ˶ڰԵͷǵȷѾµˡ
˵Ƿ棬ʵѾһʵѡǵķޱ˹֪ޱ˹Ȥ
ԣޱ˹롣
Ȿһ飬ֳ˵ȴƺЩ̫
ΪʲôҪһûκԱݣǵЩԱӦ
˵ӦþܵԱݡ
Աܴ˵רųԱȥƱ̫ڲҵ
ҲⲿƷڵΨһֶˡ
һݣôΨһֶǶûˡ
ֳһΪһľ
ǺܿΪӦȲѲľ
Ϊ֮ǰЩԱ϶ǲͬôһƷġ
ûʲôԱһͬݡ
ûԱпܻӦݵġ
ôֻûʲôԱˡֳԱԱӦĿֻһЩ
ΪֳĹעȷǳߣһӦˣȻͻᱻֳļȱȫĹڶ֪Ƿǳаġ
ȻҲпǸģΪԱж̫ƷҲģûǰ;
ͿԱ˻Ȩˡ
ֳô벢ҪҪޱ˹ô룿
ޱ˹ʱǳĲ죬û뵽ֱǡ
ӦǾܾޱ˹һʱ֮ûд𰸡
ֳܹ뵽⣬ȻҲܹͬ뵽
ԥ



ڶǧһʮ ڶǵĽɫ
ޱ˹ԥҲûдߴ١
Ƭ̣ޱ˹˵ҿһʲô𣿡
ЦЦ˵ԣһԩķˣ֮ǰһɫмҡ⻹һǣǵڶǣһķˡ
ˣҲԳΪ𣿶ңһڶǶǷˡֳֶһ㶣ԭΪȻԡΪģǻһѪľ裬û뵽ȻǷˡ
һⲿƷ͸ûȤˡ
ޱ˹ҲЩ⣬˵ҿԿһ𣿡
ԣֻһӵĿʱ䡣
һӣޱ˹סˣԭǿ֮ػʱһ߼첻ȣȻֻһӵʱ䡣
뵽ݣޱ˹Ȼˣ˵õģ
˵֮ޱ˹Ȼǳƽ֮ƺоӦץסλᡣ
ֳ˵ֻޱ˹һӵĿʱ䣬ܶ˶Цֻ˼һӵĿʱ䣬δҲ̫ԼⲿƷ˰ɡ
ܶ˶Ϊޱ˹ǳգȻֱӾܾͲҪһӵʱ䡣
Ȼǲǣޱ˹ûܾƺ˼
ȻûֱӾֳܾ˶ӣվһûʲôԱûУһӰǣֻһӵĿʱ䣬㾹ȻֱӾܾ
ԻĹ֮⣬ΨиոպͶЭĺտУޱ˹˵ͷ¶͵ɫĵԸһȷľ
һӵʱܿ쵽ˣֳе˵Ŀ⣬ȫޱ˹ϡ
ޱ˹΢΢˹˵ԸݡллҵΡ
һӵʱʵ̫ˣޱ˹ʵûã֪ΪΣܾӦþܾ
ͷ˵ӭޱ˹
ȻĴӦˡֳ˶е죬ıӣվǸûԱ¾ȻӦˡ
ֳкܶޱ˹һǰѰһģûʲôԱҲͬޱ˹
벻ޱ˹ΪʲôӦ㹻˼ʱ䣬һ̬ǴӦ޿ɺǡ´Ӧ˿𡣡
û£ӦҲãӦԺ϶ڵġԡΪģǻǷˣĵӰõ˿෴һЩõӰ졣
˵û϶ڵġ

һԱǾһ𣬱ޱ˹ޱ˹ʶ㲻ʲôѣֻ໥֮䶼㲻ʲôѣ֮ԾһΪޱ˹飬֮ʱ˹ͬĻ⡣
ȻֳҲеԱһҲһЩԱ˼һĦĺڷɫԱ
ĦѾ˲֮꣬ʮϷΪԭȴʼûʲôһֱֻܳһЩ۵Ľɫ
Ҳһܹʮʼղı룬ҲΪܹü˵úһЩ
ҲֳԭϣܹõĳּȻϣʮãֻˣչôһ˿ܡ
ЩʱҪԼȥѰңĦ߳Ⱥ˵ĦһԱϣܹⲿƷһɫϣܹһλᡣ
ȻݽɫֳĹһ죬ȫĦһѾ˲֮ĺڷɫԱЩȻ
ֲûݽɫأԭѾ˲֮꣬ǺڷɫԱָԱһӣѾעܻˡ
ȻˣݽɫҲܹ⣬ǲܳˣѾעֻܹһЩ۵Сɫ
ôʲôĽɫʵһӰƬƱɼôҲûйϵֻƬĶٺйϵ
֮һɫȻֻΪһƬꡣ
ֳĹΪѾҵ˴𰸣ǰ޸ڵһڵӰˣҲġ
ĦĸߴѾµĺۼӦòѾҪӽ50ˡ
һ˵Ѿ׷εͣĺģӦѾµĳĥ
ǣĦƺȻ룬Ȼ׷ܹܵõ
Ħ˵ĦΪʲôҪⲿӰݽɫ
ĦûԥֱӻشÿһγݵĻᣬҶҪȡҲ˵һΣҵʵˡ
ЦЦͷ˵ֻҪȥ׷Ѱˣȷпܻʵ֡ҵⲿӰһǣǵڶǣھĦݰɡ
Ħһû뵽ὫڶǵĽɫҪ˵Щʲôȴû˵ڣֻǹ˹˵ǣлл



ڶǧһʮ úͿ˥
ӦĦ󣬻ɴֱӽڶǵĽɫ
ȻֳһڹǣһԷĽ
ΪʲôҪ
֮ǰĵһԱһûκԱҲͰˣھȻ˲ʵģڶǵĽɫһͬûʲôѾǹ˲֮ĺڷɫԱ
ΪʲôֳĹ˼Ƭ֮ҵ˴𰸡
ǾʵǳⲿӰҲԱݣֳòһҪҪݵԱȻͻȲĽڶɫ
ԱûʲôҲѾ˲֮꣬ܲôˡ
һҪɫԱҵˣǶܹһЩǡ
Ҳ˵ĵĺżƺֻһԭ򣬲ܽΪʲôôֱӣôʵģͽڶǵĽɫĦ
ֻһⲿӰҪԱڵ룬ǳ׵ûˡ
ⲻϻһڶǶûʲôԱڶǻǸ˲֮ĺڷɫԱܹڲŹء
ЩǣɣǶˣǻҵԱɣ
ֳĹǶڰҡͷΪһһľľȲѵ£òġ
޸ڵһڵӰˣҲͬò죬ڶǵĽɫȥˣȷڲˡ
ΪʲôҪҲ벻ס
ǵǲûֳΪֻǾȫ㲻롣
ֳΨкɡտеˣԼһԻĹ֪֮ԻôֻΪĦȷǳʺϳݵڶǡ
ֳļҲͬ㲻룬ǲҪףֻҪʵıȥͿˡ
һţǶ൱żֳֵÿһλ߶ǳ˷ܡ

ڶǵĽɫĦ֮ɸ޸ĵӰ¼ʱһ䡣
׹عңɹֳӰͶ˵Ͷʣ뵽һ׶εĽ֮С
Ǿ֮ĵӰʽӳʱٱƱɼ
ĳʱڡ
֮ڣƱɼߵģɱνʤߡǸʱһεĽĽ
ȻΪ˹ƽұƱڡ
Ҳ˵׹޸˵ĵӰƱɼҪ׹ڵƱɼȥӰƱܳɼҲҪڵƱɼȥ
ȻҲһġ
ڣǿõȻ׹ƷԶΪǵĵӰ;Ȥʮڴ
޸ڵһ׹Ӱ˴ȻҲǱģ׼ûһνаܱ
õģȻǻƷˡȻƷѾȷλݣǰ档
ⲻûù΢һЩǸӿ˥
ԭҲԣǾλݵȷⲿƷԱ룬ǳ׵ûˡ
ôﻹ˿˸Ȥĵط
ⲿƷҿ˥ܶ˻ԣⲿƷƱἫҵҲڻڣұֱ֧ƷĿģƱܻ᲻ϧƱɼ
ҵĵӰǿֵڴģʱ϶ܹһЩȥƱɼһıϣȻܳ׹ĵӰԻԶ
֮һеս֣ʱ֮

ӰѾһνĻ⣬ȴԶԶ
УȫʼսֵĻ⣬Ȼ֮ĵӰ
˷ǳڴģڴҵĵӰ׻ʲôӵģڴյƱɼ׻Ƕ٣
׹뻪ҵĵӰƷǽֵġ
Ȼģе˶ȿ˥ĵӰƷ˵ȴǽֵһǳȤӡ
ԭ򣬳˴ҶһֻſƱɼҵЦ֮⣬Ϊ仰ǳࡣ
ԡΪģһڶǵݶǷˣֳȷλݣλݶûԱлһѾȵЩ⣬øҵǽֵ
˼˼Ȼ׹ĵӰڴ˼ĵӰȴǻĵӰǻ˵ӰյĽ֣Ҳͬͦڴġ
˵òڴյƱжңòᴴƱ¼ɣȻڵƱ㡣˿ô࣬ǲܵӰòÿȥֵ֧ĻƱɼûˣҲûȨԺͼֵ
֮ڿʼѾ˼ˣʼеĹעš




ڶǧһʮ ִ
ҵۣȻҲͬۡ
ǵĸۣǻٶܹ֪һЩ
֪󣬻ֻεģΪЩҵĬһӣЩһĴվоһεע֣ᷢڵЩǶôĴͿЦ
ڲ磬û壬Ҳ˵ǣֻеʵֵʱǲŻź
ҲãҵЩһǣǴûܵĴ
ôڵһλᣬܹһΣػǶһȫµʶ
ǶԴˣȫʮֵڴ
Ȼ֮⣬һεĵӰƷҲǼΪڴ
Ȼһûѡڹ㣬ҲûѡùڵԱô΢еź
Ҳ֪֮Իѡ׹㣬ѡ׹ԱȻĵֻҪڴͿˡ
ֻҪƷĸ㣬ҲѡĸҵԱ˵һġ

׹
λݣޱ˹Ħ˽һЩ飬ö˽Լ鴦һ£һȥݵ˹ƶ
֮ͺɡصȵӰˣصںϵס
һεӰľ籾ҪԴúɵΣͬеĿء̩˵Ρ
ʮֵԾԾԣ˵ϵܣһָоһⲿӰȫ緶ΧڣӰ졣ЩȲҪʼˡ
ЦӰȷСҪʼ㣬ƻûôףѰԱ֮⣬ǻҪȰҪ㳡أҲ˹ƶáѾ꣬ЩʩҪݣǲС
ɵͷʱలһЩ֣Ҫ̵ʱ֮ڣе׼ȫá
Եˡ

ڶ졣
ޱ˹Ħǰ
֮Ŷˣͺɡء̩һ𣬷׹Ķݡ
ڶݵбһ˹ƶµĳУеĽһѾļ˹ƶһ˴еĿĵء
ʱ˿̣˹ƶ³еԱھ˹ƶǷӦòһ£ִݡ
ΪӦֽƼһҲ뿴Ƽ
ޣǲܲѾϰʷ˹ƶ³еı־Ӧñǲ˹ƶ³зǳҪһ֡
˹һһеı־Խ۵㵱ǳӱʵ޷ʾͬУ˵ҪѾƾɲ
ôһƾɼеı־ԽȷⲻһЦһļϧǡ
ҲΪӦĵ̿ǳ顣еķչǷǳҪġ
ʵǲٿ۵Ƽˡ
ΪʲôͲܹΪ־ԵĽ֪ǵĹԲһõطûԸȥֻȥһļιۺ棬Ӧûǻв˸Ȥġܹ˹ƶһ˲ιۺľ㣬Ǿͽ϶һ޶Ĵڣ˹ƶ³ǵһҪƬȻҲǱ־ԵĽˡ
òϣ뷨ǳãҲǳ棬ȷԸȥôһļιۺ棿
ҲûУԺҲûСΪӦ۵ǣӦνһǽ
ͬԼ˹˵Ѿϰʷڲȷʵǳϧǵȷһ£ûпܽΪ˹ƶ³ǵһξ㣬˲ιۺ棿
һļΪξ㣬Ǿа취õ𣿡
ȷǳѣһûа취
ûκεİ취Ǽֱ̫˼ˡҲΪ˭ܹõ
ά£ıΪһξ㣬ô˵
ıΪһξ㣬ҵȻͬⲻвǲܵģûܹ
ά£㲻̫𣿡
ⲻϣʵ

˹ƶ³еԱִݣִǽſʼġ
ʵϣִѾһ֮áһҪ˹ƶáһѾϰʷͬ
˫ʼִ¡
ʱһԱŽ˵˹Իǰݷá
˹ά¡Լ˹˶һ㶣ΪʲôͻȻŰݷã
Ȼ֪ǻĴֻǴûݷá
ǻûйעӰϷ顣
עˣҲͲˡ



ڶǧһʮ 
ͻȻã˹ά¡Լ˹Ȼ֣ǲҵ
˹˵õģţȵȣȥӭӡ
˵֮󣬿˹͹Աһ˳ȥ
һ֮󣬿˹һ˹˰ά¡Լ˹ˡ
밢ά¡Լ˹һһк˼䡣
֮˵˹λƺΪ˹ƶǷӦñգ
˹˵ǵȷΪִ
֮󣬿˹˵һִԼִ˫Ĺ۵㡣
󣬲е֣֮ǰѾŹ˹ƶˡ
˵ҪЩ鲢ѡ
ҲЩ˹ƶûбҪƳĵӰһЩź
ΪǰⲿӰ˹ƶġ
绻һĻϵǲʲôӰ죬˵һ黳
ǰǲӰӳ֮ԭƻҪ˹ƶΪӰĳɹԱ档
ңΪ˹˲ι۵ľ㡣
ңǻʼٽ֮Ϊ˹ƶǽ֮ΪФ˼
ڻ˵Ф˼֣˼Ļ豤
ַ붼ԣǽФ˼ǲӰҲ֮ΪФ˵ľ꡷
ڣǲеľ䣬ܶΪ޷Խľ䣬硣
˹˵ص֮Цҵһ취ִܹ֮
Ŷ˹ά¡Լ˹һ˵ȫɫһϲĴҲһЩĴ£˵а취û׼а취Ǻڴ
˹˵ʲô취˵
취˹˵һ˹ƶΪһǲιۡľ㡣ҿ԰ǽ˹ƶΪһξ㡣
ŶԽĿ˹Լ˹иϲ˹е˵а취ǣʲôҪҲԵȫԸ
ҪİάµˣҲڴĿ˹ƶܹΪһξĻȻҲԸ⽫䱣
˹ƶѾӵϰʷʹ˲ĻʵҲеϧܹΪξȻõġ
άµ˲Ϊ˭Ǹ£ܹһļΪһξ㡣
ˣʢЩĴ£άµ˺Ȼַ֣ϻȷһı£Ǹ˾ǰ
ЦЦ˵ؼλڻ֪ĺӰϣ顣
Ӱ᣿˹ά¡Լ˹໥俴ںһӰʢᣬȻ֪ġ
ֻǣϾ巢һЩʲô飬ǵȷǺ
УϷ飬˵İ취ʲôϵ
˹ά¡Լ˹ЩͿ˹˵֪ôһᣬϾ巢ʲô飬ǵȷ̫
˵ͷⲢûʲôֵģȻѾڸҵֵ÷зȻкܶΪԭʱ֪ġ
˵˹Լλȥ˽һ¡ףҲ̫ʱ䡣˽󣬴Ҿ֪˵İ취Ҳ֪Ҵǰݷõԭˡ
ͣüԼȥ˽⡣
˹ά¡Լ˹˵ͷȻ˵ˣȥ˽һ¾ˡҲ㣬ǱҲʹҪȥ˽ġ

֮󣬿˹ά¡Լ˹ˣѾ˽˴µ
ǸеȣҲ˴ǰĿġ
˵İ취Ҳܹõֻôоô׵ӣ
˵İ취Ӧþ˹ƶĵӰӳ֮˹ƶĵӰ˻Ľ˹ƶȻҲͳΪһξ㡣
ֻǣǲװ
ȣ˹ά¡Լ˹ˣΪԡΪĵĵӰܹʲôг
Σϼе˶ڿ˥һһĿ˥е˶˵ǿ϶ȤȥһԡΪĵĵӰġ
ôⲿӰյƱɼԤĽǳĲҵ
˲ҵĳɼôܹ˹ƶ
װ



ڶǧһʮ İɣİ
˹ά¡Լ˹˶ķ̫ס
ԥƬ̣˹˵ĴһӰ𣿡
׿˹ά¡Լ˹룬Ҳͣ˵˹ҵȷѾһңԼоһǳȷľ˹ƶ飬Ը֧һ޷á
˹ʵ˵Ҳ̫ⲿӰԸ˹ƶⲿӰǵңľˣҪ֧޷ãԸ㡣
άҲȷǵңֻľˡ
ܿ˹ά¡Լ˹˲ΪĵӰܹ˹ƶѡ˹ƶ㣬ȷǸеҡ
Ѿ꣬һֱ˵κεӰ졣
ȻˣǾȥˣҪʲô֧á
ҪİάµˣʱҲ飬ŵĵӰ֮˵
ʱҲ˵˿˹Լ˹ЩˣŵӰɡ
˹ά˵֮Ҳ飬˵ȻˣǾ͸л˹άԼλˡȵҵĵӰӳ֮ǻеϲ
˹ά¡Լ˹ˣȻ˵ľϲʲôȻǻǾòףȷҲһϣ
˹һЦ˵ǾףⲿӰˡѾ꣬һЩطʩѾ𻵣ܴܲﵽҪǲ֤
ԵĻҪȥʵؿһ£𻵵ĵطһʵ޸
˹ά¡Լ˹໥俴˵ͷ˹˵ȻԣĻԸһȥһˡ
Ȼãл˹
󣬿˹ά¡Լ˹һ߳ɡء̩ˣԼλޱ˹ĦˣϢϢȴ
˫˽ܣ˫Ȼһѣ˹ά¡Լ˹ˣؿޱ˹Ħ˼ۣ֮ǰû˵˵֣ɼ˶ûʲôԱ
λݶûʲô˹ά¡Լ˹ﲻã˵İ취Ӳˡ
ȴûбֳ

һ˹ƶλòƫƧ˹ƶ³ǽռҲܴ󣬵ΪѾ꣬ԵЩߡ
˹ƶ𣿡ипϡܹоǰļǰӰФ˵ľ꡷еĳơ
ǰ˹ƶФ˵ľ꡷ñҳһξ㣬ʵһֱȥƾǰǼһܳе顣
һҲֲǰź
߽ţ˹˵ҷǳıǸȷʵѾƾˡ
˹ҪģҵⲿӰ·ϸڣĸоոպáȻЩطȷʵҪʵһ¡
·ϸ𣿡˹ͷЦǵȷǸոպãϸڵʱȷѾˡ
ޱ˹ԶԶĿû߽Ħŵһ˵֣Ƕ˴ʱĴżҪ㳡ء
Ħ˵ޱ˹ҾﻹһξãǸĵط
ޱ˹ҿҲС˵ǱԩؽģҾЩ⡣
Ħǵȷ⡣
һһ˵һ߽һ飬㳡Ҫݵĵطȫȷ
ݹԱѡͬʱУλ⣬ҪλݣԼȺԱ
˹ƶݳʱһطΪİ칫غŵ㣬ͬʱͨý壬緢ѡԱĹ档
ʼ˹ƶϢҲýһ˳ȥ
ڹⲿӰԷǳߣ˶ڹעýȻһᣬǺⲿӰйصţڵһʱ䱨
Ҳкܶý߸ϵ˹ƶ³ǣ׼ѹһЩš
ϢĴȻ顣
ޣĶܿ찡Ѿڿʼ˹ƶˣ׼ҪĵĽ𣿡
Ӧûûô죬ԱûءңҪԱƺ١
λݶȷˣԱӦҲˡԭΪһĵĵӰԱ᲻أû뵽ֱӾȷλݡ
ÿԱÿԱ뷨ɣЩûʲôԱҪĽֻƬѣʲôǲںȻ˵ʵҲҪҲûʶǡ
ҲˣںɵҵûʲôؼıС
İɣİɣĳô֪ӳ֮Ʊжҵ
ȷˡ




ڶǧһʮ ֻ
ӰԱѡ󹫲ܶԱ֪ԱԸôһӰҲһЩ֪ԱԸݡ
½ҲвٵԱ˹ƶ³ǣʱ޵ĵط
ѡûʱԱȫȷý彫Ϣ֮Ѿеֻ֣룬Ȼ׵ľѡеԱ
˹ƶݹŵЭ֮£ҲѾȫɡصװѾҪõĵߵҲͬλ
Ӱ籾ҲѾԴɡݺɣݿء̩ޱ˹ĦԼ༸λݿ籾֮ȫԵǰδе˷ܺڴ
ɡء̩Ȼ֪һγ֣ȻͬͬСɣǿ籾֮󣬻Ǳˡ
ϣǼõ£ҲõĶõš
˹ϡŷ˽ʮʱ䣬仰ڹ͡
֪һ־һǾ䣬ڣΪǼĵӰ֮ǰΪĸӾ䡣
ޱ˹ĦˣԼλ˵ڸеǰδеֶ֮Լľеǰδеҡ
Ƕޱ˹Ħ˵
ޱ˹ԼʱԼеĸоԼںĽֵϣһν
ȻܻڽֳǣҲûѡĻᡣ
ڻ˵ⲿӰжɹԼѾԼݵĽɫϡŷ׸ж
ţֻҪܹϡŷɫãҲһܹжˣǿⲿƷˣһǰδеϣ
Ʒ᲻ɹ
ڶЩţƳģڡĵĵӰ
ʱŵһеĸܵΪʲôܹΪĴ
Ħޱ˹ԵüΪһοϣһٳϣϣ˶ʮꡣ
ʮļֺ͵ȴϣУǰϡŷݵĽɫϣһ
Ħʪۿ
һжѾ׼ڼ򵥵Ŀʽ֮󣬱ΪФ˵ľ꡷ĵӰʽġ

ĵӰʽˣҵĵӰ㹤ȻҲɵĽеС
ػʼղϣһ֮á
һתۣʱѾ֮
µʱϵĻʼû뿪֮ĵӰƴ
ڣҵĵӰѾɣһ֮ͽͬʽӳϵĻһε˸߳
ڴ֮õӰҿصɴ
Уڴĺ׹޸ĵӰԼĵӰ
ӰȻͬڴڴǽȻͬġ
׹޸ĵӰڴǵӰƷڹȥȥʱڸ޸ĵӰع˲ٵݣټ٣Էֱ档
Щٵع⣬Ը޸ĵӰøӵڴ
ڻĵӰڴƱɼ׻жң
ڹȥʱĵӰͬع⣬ֻķӦ޸ĵӰݱعķӦЩͬ
ԽԽֻͿ˥
Ϊعݲ壬ֻ֪Ӱľݣڼڷģȫǹڷ˵Ĺ£ûмʲô顣
ҶĵӰͼȤˣ֪Щ֮󣬸һȤûˡ
һ淢ģڷ˵Ĺ£ĵӰʵ벻κֵڴĵط
յռȴһģҶĵӰҲͬøӵڴ
ڴĲǵӰݱҲǻȡöٵƱƱ׻жң
ҲǵӰʷĵͷһΡ
ϾһӰûȤȥҲˣܻȥڴƱжҡ
ĵӰǴ˴ҵ֪Щп
һǵһڴһԲȥĵӰӳҲǻĴɵƺǻڲͬ
һ˵ǣôڴһԲܻȥĵӰӳҲԲһܹĵġͲһˡ
ʷĵһΣĳ̶ֳ˵ҲǿһȺˡ
ϧȺӲʲôʵȺӡֻֻѣһǵЦƺ˷ǳڴ
֮һ֮õĽѾʵʱ̣ѾȲ

ҵۣͬۡ
ĵӰҪӳˣЩҵļһǣֻ¡ڵףԼµֻһô޴ʱˡ
ȷˣǷǳڴĵӰһڴ




ڶǧһʮ ӰԺƬ
ڻǶԣµʱ䣬ڷǳڴͬʱֿνǳơ
ҵЩһǣһһֻһһ˥Ʒ˵ʲôҲȥĵӰģһȤûС
ûβƣʵǷǳƣŵȵӰӳ֮󣬿Щһֻۣ
ʱЩһͻ֪ԼʱֻͿ˥һô޴顣
ڣڵȵˣĵӰӳǱ˷ܺڴ
Ȼ˷ܺڴĻĵӰ

ҵĵӰӳصĵӰͶˣԴҲΪעʼ۲ֹģǺտͶӰһ¡
֮У͸¶ֻζ
տУӰһھӳˣͶʵĵӰƺǳĲֹۡ˻Ĺ֮⣬ҵҺûп˵ȤȥһεͶʣҿ൱ʧѽ
ͶƺߣһǧûУǮտӦܹܵȫˣҲ󡣡
տУ㵱ʱΪʲôΪͶĵӰܹ׬ǮأֻͲΪ׬ǮĳĿģ

ӰͶ֮䣬㲻ѹϵ
ԣ֮仹Щ䳰ȷ˼
տжԴǳҲǵġĿǰȷǳ⣬ûһӰӳ֮ǰ˿˥ġ
տʼţһεͶȷģȻ֪Ϊضٵرտп϶һرġ
ңɹ˽ںտпõرӵҪ
ԣ˵տ֮ԻѡͶʣΪĳĿģ˵Ҳȫ
տеĶһͶ˵ɹʧܣ˭֪أ֮ٿɡ
һڵӰЦƽǾͰ֮ٿǷܹ˵Ĺƽ

׹ĳӰԺ
Աڶһ֮ҪŵĵӰŵ
һ֮ҵĵӰͬʱӳӰһЩӰûµʹô¸ڿʼӰƬЩڱˡ
ôһЩõĵӰֻܷǳźļٲʱΣԼӰˡ
ƽʱ£һʱΣӰģ¸ڵʱ򣬾ֻһʱΣӰˡ
ңǷŵʱ䵵ŵ㣬㣬11Щʱ䵵
ġФ˵ľ꡷ͷǳźģΪõĵӰŵķӳʱ䵵Ȼͷǳˡ
ҵĵӰֻ˵Ҫͬһӳ˵Ҫͬһʱӳ˵ÿĲʱΣӰҪͬ
Ҳ˵ĵӰãÿ첥һʱ䵵һӰͿˣһϵ11롣
޸ĵӰãÿͿԲĸʱ䵵ߵ㡢Ͼŵʱ䵵ӰҲܶࡣ
⵹ҲûʲôƽģӰԺȿǵĿ϶⣬˵֤Ӱÿ춼ͬһʱ䵵ӰҲͬ
ȻֻǱõĵӰܶİţõĵӰܲž;š
ġФ˵ľ꡷ĸʱ䵵ȽϺʣüӰԱʾ
ǵֱ˵Ȼһʱ䵵ˣ11뵵ӰһСľͿˣҲʲôȥҲ˷ѡ
ԱõľǸ޸ġ-Գ-ˡأ
ͬûпǣ˵Ը޸ġ-Գ-ˡڴǸߣʱһΪȻǾܶİʱ䵵ӰǼʱ䵵һϵӰӳ޸ġ-Գ-ˡ
Աţô졣˵ôһεĵӰƱȴôңΪʲô
Ϊʲôһǲѡ񡮼ΪģǲԱݡȻûа취飬Ա϶ǲȥݵġ˰ɡ֮һο϶ǳʧˡ
Ա̾Ǻαأ
ҵӰԺƬŵģ׹еĵӰԺƬҲ࣬ġФ˵ľ꡷ǳģŵʱ䵵ӰҲֻһ
ڸӰԺͲʲôȥȻܹٸԴ
ҵĵӰԺƬʱ򣬡Ф˵ľ꡷ĴҪһЩҲõޡ
ԼȻܱߵļңҪõöࡣЩҶĵӰЩĵģȻҲΪԡΪĵĵӰʲô˵ĵط
ϾƷԸš
ڻڣȻһˡ
ԵĻеĵӰԺܶ඼һ죬еӰȫӳġФ˵ľ꡷
ȻǲܵģҵĵӰҪӳģ⻹һЩûµĵӰҲͬҪӳ
ôֻ޶ȵģܹԴȫФ˵ľ꡷
ȫӰԺӰƬźãڴʱڵ



ڶǧһʮ ɻ
һ֮ǡĩҵĵӰʽߡ
830׹ĳӰԺ
޸ĵӰ-Գ-ˡڽ9ʱ䵵ʽߡ
ҵӰԺһдСӰ159ʱ13Ӱš-Գ-ˡ
ھ9㻹аСʱʱ䣬ӰԺ⣬Ѿ˵ȴӰʼĹڡ
ĹڶΪ-Գ-ˡ
850֣½ȵȫ֮13ӰѾȫ˹ڡ
9㣬-Գ-ˡʽʼ
еĹǣȫ˷ܶڴĶŴĻһʼǾͲԸκһϸڡ
9㵵ĹˣʵϣƱϿ첥š-Գ-ˡκһʱ䵵κһӰڡ
ӰУΪڴġ-Գ-ˡӳ
ֹһҵӰˣ׹еĵӰԺͬˣǡ-Գ-ˡĵӰΣʱ䵵ʱ䵵ǴӰСӰƱȫˡ
޸һ׹ӰˣԼ-Գ-ˡ飬ڵ֪Щ֮󣬲̫⣬Ԥࡣ
Ϊעģ׹ڵӳǳ룬زעһġ
ңƱɼƴ϶ԣƱɼǲƱܳɼġ
ԣ-Գ-ˡ׹֮ģЩҵӳΣǸ޸ӰˣԼ-Գ-ˡԱصעڡ
Щҵӳ򱻲ϵķɼȻϵķǳϲˡ
ȻȲ׹ڣҲԶƱܳɼһǳϲˡ
һλӰ˵޸ΪѾףʤˡ
޸ЦףǲżһףҲ٣ܲ˵ġˣӰΣ
һλӰ˵ǸոյõϢعĸҵĵӰǲԶڻġФ˵ľ꡷ڻûκεĳɼΪĹңⲿӰϵһʱ䵵ֻʱ䵵ʱ仹磬ԣⲿӰûʽ͹Ǽ档
޸ͷΪһλľ֣˭֪֣Ū⸱ģѾԺԲˡ
֮ǰĵӰ˵һֱЩ̫ǣĺɡΪʲôͲֹϹ㡣ֻǺɡ˵ĻŪƷȻӮǣӦҲ̫Ŷԣٲܻס
޸Ϊɡ˶һäĿΰɡεѾʧȥ˻жΪ־һ⡣˵ҲжûˡȷʵЩ⣬ǲ벵Ӻ°ɣϾڻĵλǷǳߵġǿǵĵӰ֮ô
֮ǰĵӰ˵Ŀǰ󲿷ֹڵۣǷǳߵġʾǸ޸Ʒڴ֮á
޸ֵ⣬ȴֻǵһЦ˵ûùʧͺá
ʱѾʱ֣-Գ-ˡѾӳʱ䵵Ѿзǳ˿ˣϷԼĸܡ
ڿ˸޸ġ-Գ-ˡǷǳľʣǸ޸ƷһҪȥһ飬ֻһ飬о
ҿ˺öӰԺƬİŵĶǡ-Գ-ˡɼⲿӰ֮ߡ׹ҵҲǳǵһӰʵָоˬ
ĵӰʲôФ˵ľ꡷Ƭ൱ˡҿ˺üҵӰԺŵ11ʱ䵵ֻһӰʵЩ
ҲûʲôÿģһжΪһУԼɵġɹֲ˼ҵӰԺ
ȻֵܹӰԺˣ߾ѾˡΪФ˵ľ꡷Ӱ֮һܶӰԺӦöⲿӰ˴˷Դ
˵˼ҵӰԺһʱ䵵һӰѾǳˡҲʲôȥҲ˷ѡ
ˣ˵11ʱ򣬻ȥ𣿡
еӦУҪ֪ܻЩ˸˽Ǹʱ߽ӰԺҪѡһӰ˵ѡФ˵ľ꡷ˡ⣬ҲųΪ棬ҪȥһڡĵӰ
⵹Ҳǣ˵ӦûУһڶûСԿ϶ǣΪʲôԭȥģڿ֮һڵġӰûʼãӰûˡ
ֿԵȷܸߣҿ˿ͷ֮ʵ̲ˣǾֻǰ˳ˡ
Ǹоÿӡˣһ仰˵ģ̿ɻɻ뻹Ӧ
ȷˣͽɻ




ڶǧһʮ Ҳ̫
ʱ佥Ѿ11ˡ
׹ĳӰԺԱ졣
ϾҪ11ˣ˵Ф˵ľ꡷ж˿ôҲǲƷ֮һܹҲûмڣǲҲ̫һЩ
˻һڶûУǿ϶Ƕˡ⵹˵ĵӰˮƽѡԼԱѡϣʵ̫ˣûйҲ֪Ӧûɸ޸ġ-Գ-ˡ˵ڶѾ˹ڡ
û취Ф˵ľ꡷ǲӰ֮һЭ涨ÿ춼һʱ䵵˷ԴҲûа취

11뻹10ӵʱ䣬ûһѡտФ˵ľ꡷һڹԱǰҡͷֱ˷Դ
ʱһЩį߽ƱʵʱģʼĵӰһ
һԱ˵11뿪ʼġФ˵ľ꡷ǽſʼӳĵӰֻⲿӰĿڱܲȻʱ俪ʼġ
Աû˵꣬ӴϵԣˣⲿɣһƱ
Ա΢Щ죬˵ӰȻûҪһӰѵ֪ⲿӰ
ԱбҪ֮ǲûӴƱ˵ⲿӰĿڱû˿ǵһѡⲿӰˡʵѡһӰҲʱѣǶһʱ䵵ġ
ӵȻį˵ˣⲿɣû˿ãҲӰÿǲÿ
ԱɵϸĴһۣԥһ£ƺҪ˵ʲôȴû˵˵õģԵȡ
֮ѡλλãѡһŵһλ
ԱӰƱݸ˵ھͿȥƱӰˡ
ӽӹӰƱ˵ͷӰͨ˹ȥ
뿪󣬹Ա̾һ䣬ȻȥһƱǸҪһŵӰƱĴˡ
ԱһԱ˵ʵҲЩʱȷѡһӰۿˣǸӰÿǲÿһ£ҪֻǵӰԺգӰòÿʵҪ⻹һΪԭʧˣҲͬںӰÿÿոӣԾһʧˣΪбҪעһ£Ӱ״̬
֮ǰĹԱͷ˵ʲôߵڵƱǰֱ˵11뿪ʼġФ˵ľ꡷Ʊ
Աһ㶣˵ȷʵǡФ˵ľ꡷ⲿӰĿڱ
ͬû˵ͱˣһӵһЦ˵ڱǳԲԣû£ǾⲿӰײ̶ֳȣ׼֮дһƪۺСⲿӰȻû˿עȴǳߣдĹۺһвֻϣֵܹӰһ̡
ҲԣԱڵӰԺѾ꣬ǵһôҲǿȺˡ
󣬹ԱŵӰƱݸӡ
ӽӹӰƱлȻЩڴӰͨڴȥ
֪ģΪȥһǳߵĵӰء
뿪֮󣬹Աп˼䡣
Щ㵵ķ֣֮ǰǸɫЩįӣ͸ոӣֻǿʼ֮½½һЩѡ񿴡Ф˵ľ꡷Ĺڡ
Ѿ20ңд͵һӵһӰòÿҪֻҪʼʱġ
ʣµĲǺˣж֮õȥۺУע
Աܹ⣬һԱͲˡ
һͬĴǰӣרΪФ˵ľ꡷ǣҶΪⲿӰܲܲȴƫƫоⲿӰľϲ
ľϲôأԱԴǾŵġ
Ϊʲôԭ򣬵ʱ䵽11룬Ф˵ľ꡷׼ʱʼŵʱӰѾ˶ʮڡ
ֻмʮλСӰʮһԵʻС
йԱԤϣ뵽ԭȻˡ
ĸӰԺҲӰ10ˣ30ҡ
ٿǵ11ʱ䵵ʵҲˡ
ΪʲôԭĲˡ
ܿͷϣǵ֪֮󣬶ԵΪĲơ
Ƕ֪Ф˵ľ꡷ʱ䵵ϵȴصϢϣʷǳҵϢ
ȴ˭֪ôһڲ֮࣬ʮֵơ
ӦֻʱģǵһӳЩ˻ȥӦòȥˡ
ôֻʣЩӰÿÿˡ
ûа취ˣһڵġ
Ҳûйϵ˱Ͼ̫ࡣ
ڣ͵ſЩʱӰۿ˵ķˡ
Ҳ֪ЩֵܹٷӣϺܶ˶ڿ⡣



ڶǧһʮһ õĶϣ
˵Ƕֶܹãʵ
10ӰɣӦþͻ˿ʼ˳ˡ
10Ӧûڣҹ20Ӱɡ20֮󣬿϶ͻ˳ˡǲ֪ЩԵӰÿÿˣ᲻˳
пܰɡȻӰǷÿ̫۾ĻӦûǻ˳ģ˯ϾӰÿÿҪٲܸоﲻǡ
ţȻӦþ֪ˣЩ˳ˣӦûϷġ

ڵȴţ̫ʱ䣬ͻ˵ĻʵǷǳıǸֿ꣬ȻǷһ¸ܵġ20ӣʵǼֲȥˡǸ
ܶ˶ڵȴ
20ӹȥˣϲûг
ţǻܹһӦҲˡ˵Ҳ׷ױʾͬ
ȻСʱȥˣѾ˰ҹ12㣬Ȼûг
ٵȵȣӦúܿͻˡ˵Ҳͬʾͬ
Ȼ40ӹȥˣ50ӹȥˣһСʱȥˣʼûг
ʱȴڸоЩԾˡ
Ȼû˳ⲻܰѵΪʱ̫ˣЩ˳ˣûѡ񽫸ܷϣ
ţӦһ˳˶ûУЩӰÿÿҲ˵ЩרŶȥˣ϶ǻ˳ġһ˳ĶûУǾֻΪʱ̫ˡ
Ӧþġ

Ҷͬ˵ʵÿ˵˵϶Щһ֮ԻѡȥΪ˿֮󣬽ϣע
˵ǲΪʱ̫ϡ
ΪҲе˶
ֻ˵ǲӰҲǴ⣬ܹǿֿġ
Ӧþˡ
󣬼ȴ
ȻҹѾˣΪǿҵҪȵϢҲ̫

֮ǰǸӰԺǼԱ
ʼƱǸԱ˵һСʱˣФ˵ľ꡷ӰȻûһ˳ⲻܰѵȫ˯ˣ
ԱߵĹԱ˵ȫ˯ţǲӰôɡ
ʼĹԱ˵ǰɡǲӰʱ2Сʱ22֣ʣ1Сʱ22֣Ҳ֪ʱ᲻˳
ԱߵĹԱ˵аɡҪ²һ£׻᲻ǰ˳ʲôʱ˳
֮ǰĹԱ˵ðҶ
༸λԱҲʾͬ⡣ҹˣҲˣȻԸҵ
˵϶˳ģʱ10֮
Ҳ˵ȻֵˣӦֵܹ;Ʋ˳ˡ
ʵ֤˵ȷġ
ʱѾ賿152֣Ф˵ľ꡷ӳʱӰȻûһ˳
ʼƱĹԱ˵һǰ˳˶ûУȻǳʱҵһǣǲӰǲҲ̫⣿
ԱߵĹԱ˵Ҳ֪⣬ӰƬѾˣӦѾˡ
£ӰƬһǿ϶ڵһʱ伯˳Ȼ˰˵ĴӰͨ߳
ȻһεȴƺЩѾ154֣Ȼûһ˴Ӱͨ߳
⡭Ա໥俴ЩӰƬ2ˣȻûһ˳
ôʲô
ֹһСһ˴Ӱͨ˳
ӦǴӡФ˵ľ꡷ӰģʱֻСФ˵ľ꡷ӳ
߳һӣŲ죬ȣڡ
ʼƱĹԱӵò֮˶һ㶣˵
˭
ǵһӰģǸįһʧӡ
Ա֮Է㶣ΪӲӦõһ߳ΪӴʱ״̬Сʱ֮ǰӰʱ״̬Ѿȫͬ
ʱįʧдϣܵĳִۺʹùԱЩģ᲻Ӱʲôɵ
ȻڣȣڣŵЦ⣬ﻹóһįʧӣ
˾ǻһ㡣
ô£ȻǺ飬δҲ̫˰ɣһӰ֮ͻˣ
ĹԱҲע⵽ӵı仯Ҳʮֵ֡
߽ʱʼƱĹԱ̲ס⣺ǳıǸˡڵƺǳ
ȻϵΪƱĹԱԴǵģڵǳС㣬ллһšФ˵ľ꡷Ʊ
Ա˵ӦõģΪˡФ˵ľ꡷֮ôõ𣿡
ЦЦһβûֱӻش𣬶˵С㣬ΪõĶʲô
õĶԱһ㶣û뵽ӻͻȻ⣬һʱ֮䲻֪λش
õĶкܶ࣬õĶʲôӦûб׼𰸰ɡ
ӼԱһʱûлشЦЦ˵ϣϣϣõĶõţٴθл㣬С㣬ټ
˵֮תˣŲȻ졣
Ա˼Уֻʶ˵õģټ



ڶǧһʮ һעҪ
һС֮󣬹Ա˼ѹ˵˵úܶԣϣȷõĶֻΪʲôҪ˵仰ֺ͡Ф˵ľ꡷ʲôϵУûлشҵ⡣
ԱߵĹԱͬɻ˵ãǲΪˡФ˵ľ꡷ԭȴ˵ϣõĶȷЩ֡Ӧõȷ͡Ф˵ľ꡷ⲿӰйأǵȻһˡ
ʼĹԱͷţӦҲҪ˰ɡ
ո˵꣬ͨȻ߳ӣԱӶӡ
Ǽʼ֮ΪФ˵ľ꡷ӡ
ԱǵúƱʱʾרΪФ˵ľ꡷Ҫڿ֮󣬽ۺзϣע
ӻʾϣֽܹӰꡣ
ڣӹȻֽӰˣķ֮߳
߽ʼĹԱ˵λû뵽ļֽӰˡ֮ĸоô
Ա˵Ӷͣ½ŲŹԱһ̾һ˵ףΪʲô˵һλˣǴ
һ˵쿪ʼúõ޸һƬڰɣܶĽԴФ˵ľ꡷ȻǵӰԺԵü޴֪
˵֮ͬʱҡҡͷ뿪ˡ
뿪ʱϵı飬ƺЩΣЩįЩźȴƺ˷ܺͼ
ʲô
뿪֮󣬼Աһ±ƣ֮ǰӵıɻˡ
ܶĽԴФ˵ľ꡷ʲô˼
ѵΪФ˵ľ꡷ǳÿӰƬ֮󣬹ȴٳû뿪ӰΪӰ̫ÿˣ᲻뿪

һԡΪĵĵӰǳÿ
˵Ф˵ľ꡷֮ǰΪôǿԿģԱԴ˻ܹܡ
Ҫ˵ǳÿԱ;Խˡ
ǣ֮ǰǸӺ͸ոյӵķָνͣ
ԱѾ׵±ˡ
һԱ˵ҪŪʵ࣬ʼ˾ͿˡӦҲѾˡ
ʵȷˣӰͨӶ˳ȻǴӡФ˵ľ꡷Ӱġ
໥֮仹˵Щ˷ܣҲЩ
Ա໥俴ֱַס˼ˣѯʶԷڡФ˵ľ꡷ӰƬ顣
һԱһ۾˵ǳǸˡФ˵ľ꡷ǳÿ
۾ҡͷҾòӦ˵ǳÿ
۾һ˵ԱȫһŶôܻÿ
Ȼ۾ӽ˵ҿѾáǳÿĸ־ͿݵˡǼֱǾ䣬еľ䡣ǵģȻֻһ飬ܹȷһǾ䡣ǵһҵһοͿȷǻǾĵӰ
䣿ǾԵľ䣿Աһǳ׵ľסˣͻȻ緭һ㡣
̫⣬Ͳˡ
һԱ˵ȷ˵ǡФ˵ľ꡷ⲿӰ
۾ӵȻǻĵӰФ˵ľ꡷ܿһƷҸеҡлôһƷ
⡭Ա
ոԱЩĵ˵͸޸ġ-Գ-ˡأ
۾ӵ-Գ-ˡ-Գ-ˡȷʣһѵõĺƷҪ͡Ф˵ľ꡷ȵĻǾǾƷ뾭еľƷ֮Ĳࡣ
˵仰֮۾˵ټת뿪ˡ
תʱȻһ̾˵һ仰˾Ʒ֮ǰȴ޼ɵĳͱ͡һ׹ӰνǶ档
̾۾ӴʱУ޾ź
Աһʱǲڸо֮ǰƺǴشˡ

Ф˵ľ꡷ɢ֮ҵӰԺ׹УҵӰԺһӰ
ӰԺڷƵ
п˵ӰˣĸȻͬһָȴ˶еġ
Ǿ׹Ӱ磬ԼЩеĵӰǣڹȥʱһ޴ͻ顣
ʲô飿
޼ɵĳͱͣԡΪĵĲӰ
һΣ׹ӰҪ׵Ķˡ

ʱ˿̣Ψһ̾



ڶǧһʮ 
ҹѾˡ
һЩ֮ǰڵţЩȥӰԺˡФ˵ľ꡷ˣϷۺеˣѾ˯ˡ
ȻڵȴصϢǸоԼ˯š
ʱѾ賿2ʱڵȵһֱڵȵϢ
ֻǣȵϢǵĲ֮ǰһֱΪֻǼȵľɺͲš
֪ڿ϶ڵ˵Ф˵ľ꡷ʵ̫ˡǳźģǵȲϢˡȻҲ˵ǶһӰ£Ҳô
֮ǰҲֻı͹ⲿӰҲڴⲿӰƱ¼ԼڵӰһԽСڣΪԼ뷨еȵ֪һֶô޴Ϊһ֮УҴûпĵӰлôһӰ
ڹȥܳһʱһ塢ãоԼѾʧȥϣҹʱǴﵽ˼¡߽һҵӰԺѡһФ˵ľ꡷ĵӰֻľĿһӰʼҲģǸϡŷмңԼӺ˹죬ǹ˫˫ɱϱԩ֣һֵùļһҶ԰Ϸǳͬ顣Ϊ÷ŭ񱩣ֻң˳ױȻ󲻳ԲȣһϢҵȥȻҴˣҳ׵Ĵˣ18ʱ䣬ջңҲͻȻ֮оԼѾ˻ϣлġФ˵ľ꡷ػ
Ф˵ľ꡷ӳ֮Ӱ20ȴٳûȥҶٶһҵһһܹĵӰ
ѾӰԺ˽飬쾡ܶİšФ˵ľ꡷˾ĵӰȴֻʱӳһֱǶԾӰ裡
Ҳˣң컹ҪȥһΡΡ

ЩŷϢˣȵľϢǸеȵľɺͲš
ʲôФ˵ľ꡷ܾ䣿ܹ˻
֮ǰһֱ֪ʵ̫Զ̫ԶԶ޷þȥ
ǾԲģЩĵ˵ָνͣ
ǱΪϢ֮Ǿܹ˯ȥȻڣоӵ˯ˡ

ЩۿˡФ˵ľ꡷ĹڵУһСֵ˵⣬Ǹýļߡ
Ф˵ľ꡷֮ǰȻȿ˥עȴǳߡ
ӹע˵Ф˵ľ꡷ӳҲͬƵĿ֮޸ġ-Գ-ˡҲѷɫ
ýȻڡФ˵ľ꡷ӳر
ԣʱѾвٵýѡȥӰԺۿҪ꾡壬ȻҪԵӰ˽⡣
ΪܹܿĽرȥܶ߶Ѿǰ׼˸˽˾ĵӰ֮󣬽׼õĸ򵥵޸һ֮󣬾Ϳֱӱȥˡ
ȻӰտʼãǾ֪֮ǰ׼ĸѾ׵ıˡ
Ӱ֮󣬾Ѿҹǻҹϳһƪ˳ȥ
Щ˯ŵˣýǵر֮һЩѡš
ڻδֻǾ÷ǳĺ棬Ф˵ľ꡷һʲôĵӰ
Ϊʲô֮ǰ֪˾޴Ĳࣿ
ǿҵĺĵ֮£һһ֮ǰҲ벻ľǾȥӰԺФ˵ľ꡷

ڶ죬ܶûеȵϢˣ˯ĵһ飬ȥϿһЩȥˡФ˵ľ꡷ˣڡФ˵ľ꡷ۡ
ǲǴ֮ǰΪ
гͨĹ֮⣬Ը޸Ϊ׵ĵӰˣ֪벻֪ԱӰͶ˵ȵȡȵȡ
ǳ˿Щ˵˵֮⣬˴ýı
֮ҲЩȵϢһȵľ㵺Ͳš
Ը޸Ϊ׵һڵӰˣԲԸġ
ԲܣԡΪĵĵӰôܻÿΪ䡣ǵġ-Գ-ˡûʸ˵Ϊ䣬Ф˵ľ꡷ƾʲôʸ񣿡
޸һġҾбҪȥһФ˵ľ꡷ˣȻЩڣȷĿⲿӰ
ûԭҾǸûбҪȥǲӰƺòȥһˡ

޸ڼȵľ֮ҲģҲšФ˵ľ꡷Ǿ䣬˵ʲôζԡФ˵ľ꡷һ㶼˽⣬֪˵
ôֻȥ˽֮˵
ǣ޸˵ãȥһ



ڶǧһʮ Ф˵ľ꡷
ԡ޸Ϊ׵һڵӰ֮⣬໹кܶܶˣҲҪȥӰԺ
һ֪߲֪ԱЩԱڵ֪ޱ˹ĦˣҪݡФ˵ľ꡷֮󣬶Զ֮ԱǣΪû۹͹ʲôĵӰݣֱЩԱ
ȻǶǲ֪ԱվҲְҵԱôܹʲôӰأ
һЩ֪ԱմմϲΪԼȻҲй۹⣬ʲôĵӰݵġ
ок֮ܶǰҲˣӰֳЩ֪Աȫޱ˹ĦˣʱǳݣǾԻҲֱӾܾޱ˹һѡӦĦһëԼ
ҵԽУԽһֱˣ֮ǰ
ڣͻȻ֮һʮֲõԤС
ٱһڵӰͶˣ֮ǰֻĳЦտеͶʴˮƯѪ޹飬ЦտеͶ۹⣬ʵǲ˼㡣
ڣͬͻȻ֮һֺܲõԤУǲź͸ģȥӰԺ
Щȫ˵ӰԺȻ⻹кܶܶˡ

ӰԺһģͬһ飬ǾʱĵӰƬš
졶Ф˵ľ꡷ɢ֮󣬸ӰԺӵ˹ǵǿҽ飬ڽ쾡ܶĽԴФ˵ľ꡷˵ǶԡФ˵ľ꡷¡
ӰԺҵһľͿʼŸƬ
ҶȽϽûдİšФ˵ľ꡷ֻһЩİš
һΪгûȫʻ
ӰƬŵѾźˣ̫ĸĶ
򣬴ԴŸ˸޸ġ-Գ-ˡǳ۵ƵӰ϶Ǿȥġ
ӰԺܿͷ֣Լִˡ
һģ˷ǳĹ˿͡
Ф˵ľ꡷켸УһƱһҪٿһ顣
ԶԶԣֻФ˵ľ꡷Ʊ
˵Ф˵ľ꡷ܹ˻һҪ8̫ˣһƱ

߽ˣΪФ˵ľ꡷ʱӰƱܿһա
ʲôûƱˣǰ˼ӰôôûƱˣ
ĵӰרΪФ˵ľ꡷ֻФ˵ľ꡷޸ġ-Գ-ˡҲˣˣҵһҵӰԺȥ
ôôûˣǾలżӰôôľĵӰֻӰ

ѸٸԱæ˵Ф˵ľ꡷ƱѾˣЩƺΪФ˵ľ꡷
ͷʾѾ֪˵-Գ-ˡ˼Ӱ
Ա10
ʵƱôˣ
Ա20ţֱǧƼ-Գ-ˡǷ׷ױʾ˵ֻ뿴Ф˵ľ꡷
Ƭ̣һ󵨵ľ-Գ-ˡһӰȫĳɡФ˵ľ꡷
Աһ㶣˾һ룬Ҫ˵ʲôȴû˵ڣֻ˵õľ֪ˡ
ӰԺˣеĹڶΪФ˵ľ꡷Ȼÿ˵˼ĿĲͬȴһͬľ档
ĳӰԺ޸һڵӰװİ֮ȺУФ˵ľ꡷ǾԲϳġ
ӰԺһڵӰ˶һо룬äĿѣһжֻʱģǿˡФ˵ľ꡷֮Ҳͽˡ
ǲäĿ磿߽ӰԺˣΪФ˵ľ꡷ʵ
ܹ11ӰӳФ˵ľ꡷11ӰѾΪ϶˲ٵˡ
޸ȵӰ˾еһӰ
ӰܿͿʼˡ
·1947꣬мҰϡŷָǹɱԼԼӵˡ
ʵϣˡ
ڷͥϣܰϽ߾ܵΪԼ绤Чİͽ̡
ζţֻڼɹ
ǵӰĿƪӰһڹǣûʲôӦ
޸ȵӰЦһһ˱ԩѣûʲôֵóƵġ
Ӱ
Ϻ༸һ𣬱һФˡļ
Ф˼ǰϷ̵ļ
һ˽£ͬͽ̡Ѿ20꣬μͶδɹ
20ļģʹ³ΪФ˼һλȨֻҪ㸶Ǯа취㵽κҪĶ̡ǹơǺǴȵȡ
ÿѺʱ򣬼ķǶһ˷ܣǿŴϱѺ˷ܵĸߺš񡱡



ڶǧһʮ ļů
˵ڼĵһϣѰġ
Źرյһ̣ǲ֪һжǿЦת֮䣬һͻˣֻʣ޾Ļںޡ
ܶ˶ڵһҹʹ顣
ԣÿʱºͼѶ˭ڵһҹһ
Ǯ̡
Ψһĵ⡣
һȻҲ⡣
Ϊ硢һİϣǵһˡ
ĵǰϡ
ˣ̡һ޵ˣһӡ
ϣʼճĬһδԡ
ʱӰĹǣһγ
һɫмңһеĸܲãǰ;νһƬ
ȻȴǱԩͽ̣һƬǰ;˲һƬڰҲһϣ
һġ
ȻȴʼճĬûб裬ҲûдԩûпĬ侲ԹۣЩ鲢ǷԼϡ
ϵĳĬ侲ᣬӰˣһθеһ¡
޸ȵӰˣҲһγصı顣
Ӱڼ
ϵʽʼˣտʼʱ򣬰ʼճĬκ˵
һһͼ˶һйţڹ԰ɢһǵĻš
ֱһ֮󣬰ϲҵ£°һһСĺ
ʰϣ˵òúԽɣڸص֮ġ
ЦˣʰΪηЦ
˵¼ʱˡ
󣬰Ͻ˵ҪúһЩʯͷԵһЩСĥʱ⣬ǰȺá
ϴӦ˰ﰲϸһȻҪշѵġ
ԼֶΣɹ㵽һѺʱ찲ΪʲôᷢЦˡ
ΪôһڵصԽĻҪꡣ
ģӰһڹҲͬģôһСڵصԽĻһǷˡ
֮һΰϡ»⼸ˣ޲һݶ
ڸɻĹУǵӳںǱԹ˰飬ӳ˵һλһʲٵǮΪҪ˰һǮֺʣ޼
ֹͣɻߵԤӳߣ˵а취Ԥӳܿ˰ȻһֲٵĽһǮȫõ
ΪӳҪһɻЩˣÿ˺ƿơơ
ӳ˰ϣӦһνס
Ȼͱ
һɻ깤ǰһ죬10㣬һȺڹװ޵ΧһȦűˬơƣФ˼
ӳ͡
ڷơƣǵļϣһ̣ǸоԼˣԼҵݶһ
ϲûкơƣҲûкʹһ𣬶һ£˫ִ˫ϥϣ῿ǽߣͷ΢΢ǹŵЦ⣬ǵơơ
¿һػɣֻж̶̵һɲ
һ̣ҲһܵɣԼ뼸λѺơһ
һĻӰеĹǣֻԼı͵شˣͻȻ֮оԼĪޡ
ЩڵѾˮ
ǵԺʼջ֮ȥոտĳů͵£ѾʧȥɵİϣôǴŵЦ⣬Ŀ⿴ȥڵʱ⡣
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ӰйڶˣʱͻȻоԼ֮ǰȥЦͱһƷǶô޴֪
޸һڵӰˣҲͬˡ
ʱѾ֪ⲿӰĿģǿ϶޷ˡ
˵ӰЩ˺ý壬ⲿƷ֮Ϊ䣬ûиݡ
ȻĿǰ޷֮Ϊ䣬ӰԶԶûн
֮
޸һڵӰˣڿʼеһ˿
׿һ˿ƣǵһθܵˣӰƷ
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֮󣬰ϴΰӳɹ˰һ£˼ŵٵע⡣
һͻϮУŵٷְڿʥʾܸ˰ܹϲʥҶ԰ϱʾþ֮С
һʼӰĹڶףΪʲôҪ԰˵仰
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⣬ԶİϿʼΪԽԽ˰⣬ӵѧ⣬Ҳ򰲵̡
ʱİϣѾзصͶ̬ɧţԼİ칫Һ֡
ΪʼմʱİٲȻָɣԼİ칫ϰһ
һڹڸеο¶Цݡ
ȻȻûлɣڼѾ˺ܶࡣ
⣬㹻ο



ڶǧһʮ ϲ֮
ӰеĹڶеһ˿ο¶Цݡ
ȻһڣǸеһĪᡣ
һͼԱϲѾڼʮ꣬Ѿܴˡ
һ죬ļͱ׼ˡ
˵뿪ˣ뿪ʮļȥ棬ɡ
ʮ֮ڻɣⱾӦһ˼Ϊ˷ܵ顣
ӰĹΪϲӦû˷ܵĹЦлϲɣȻԼ޾ڴ
Ȼʵ
ϲûиˣǳʹࡣ
Ϊ뿪
ΪܹڼϲͼһѼ⵶˺һѣܹڼˡ
ڰϡµ˵Ȱ˵֮£ϲڷſѡ
ϲû˺ѣļѾ׼ֻ뿪ˡ
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ķǣ˶ȿˣϲȴΪʲôҪɣ
¸ǣҲӰеĹǣ˵˴𰸡
˵ϲƶȻˡ
ƶȻȻ⣬ӰĹҲȻ⡣
¼˵ϲڼѾʮ꣬ѾΪ˾֮ܣڼеôΪ飬ͼԱ
Ȼһȥ֮ϲͽһǴֻһ˫ֻйؽ׵ģûгͷӣܸͼݽ鶼ᱻܾ֪Ӧ
һֵĵطտʼʱԼ֮ǣȻϰΪʱ乻֮ÿʼǡƶȻ
µЩӰеĹȫ˼ºһǳǻ۵ˣһж÷ǳ͸
ͨµЩЩ⣬ϲΪʲô뿪ˣ
ϲڼѾ̫̫ãѾȫѽڣ֪ԼҪ뿪֮ﲢ˷ܣãǳã֪룬ǿ־塣
ϲ뿪ԭ
ӰеĹڶˣȻϲڻ뿪˼
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鲻ҪǲĿֿˣĽ֡
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ϲ»װϵֻΪԼϵ뿪
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ϲڻ뿪ˣٹ¶壬Ҳٵ¡
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Ľ֣ϲ߳ŵһ̣Ѿע
Ӱйǳһ̾Ҫֹϲȴް취
ҲֹˣֹһΣҲһֹܹһΡ
ҲӦֹϲ˵һֽѡ
ϲ˵Ф˼ѾǼڵ磬ļ
ϲФ˼Ĵ߳ɡ
ˡ޷ģļ



ڶǧһʮ ϣ
ϲĹӰеĹڣȫЩأҲ뵽̫ࡣ
ҲҶһһɵ
Ӱڼ
ϡµ˵֪ϲѶ֮һԵðˣ̾ڼ
ΪͼݣÿܶݲԺдһţݲԺʽ
д֮ݲԺ˻ӦһСǮ͸˰һͼ顣
͵ͼһųƬĸ硶Ѽ޵Ļ񡷣ĪصƷ
ѡеһθ紵Ҷ֡θڷҶߣůһ˲ʱޱȵķɣ޾ӵȻɡ
ϽҵŴȫرգȻͨ㲥γƬ
һʱ֮䣬Ĵһĸ
ķǣȫ̧ͣͷ㲥վȵλãڳʥһ㣬ǳĳ
ʵеķ˶ûʳʲôΪֲͬе˶ܳ
ΪȻʳʲôܹܵ޾ɡ
һ˲䣬ķǣܹܵԼķɵ˼Ͽգ˼ʯǽ»ɡ
⣬ȻҲǰֵԭҪеķǣһ˲еɡ
ȻҲΪԼһ˲еɣɵĿʼûˡ
ֲŵʱ򣬰бһϣ˫Ժһ¶ˣӰйڶѾǳϤ˵Цݡ
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Цݺ֮ǰ¥ϣѺơʱԡµЦһ
һΣϸɵĸоԼҲܵɡһҲһҲͬɵĸоҲͬܵɡ
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ϣǵģϣϣһȫȫֻԼģɭļҲ᲻ߵġ
ԭܰҪػɣңңڣʼϣ
ӰеĹڣȾο־ᡣ
Ϊڼ棬ϣ
½԰˵ϣǸΣյĶϣ˷ϣڼûʲôãðû
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ǻﲻҪϣûϣҲͲΪϣٳٲ꣬շ衣
һλߣ˵ûдӰĹǣһ˿ǡ
ΪϵǣϵʼϣǺ
Ϊʱ򣬰ѾФ˼ʮꡣ
ʮʱ䣬̫ˣʮ궼ϣĻԼϣȥ
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ǰǼᶨƵǵġ
ϣһǳõĶ
µļһαأѾʮꡣ
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Ӵ֮󣬾΢Ŀڼص
ڴࡣ
֪´ٵʱǷҲͬͨԼĿȼ
ɵĿʼղϣ



ڶǧһʮ ɱ
ӰеĹǶϣµҲܹͬȼϣ
ȻϣȷЩΣգûϣôһµļóɹ֮ͻϲһ޷Ӧ硣
õĽɣĴ
е˶ϣλߣúϲһĽ֡
Ӱ
ϼΪŵϴǮƾһ¶ʷ˹
Ժ󶫴·ļǰϣҲǵŵ٣Ǹڵ¶ʷ˹
ͨĲϽõŵٱΪ̣޷ա
˲òпһƶȷϧȴФ˼ֻΪϴϴǮ
ʣһַ̺ͱ
һĵðϱϲҲӰеĹڱϲ
ΪСΪϴ˻ɵϣϣ
ס˹Ϊﱻм꣬ͽФ˼
ƵܿͺͰϡµϤ
һӺһŮΪŮǣ׾ݰΪʦ밲Ͻ飬뿼ȡУƾ
ϴӦ׵ʽΪѧӼ򵥵ʶֿʼһһ׶顣
׺Ŭ
һΣ׺죬¸ף֮ǰһλɫмҡ
ױ£ϾΪʲô
»ش˵Ϊıɱ
ײţʦϻ᷸ıɱ
˵ɱԼӣԼӵˣһ߶һɵˡ
µȻ֪Ǳԩģֻ˵ѡ
Ȼȴˣƺʲô˼顣ΪΪɱˣΪ֪˭
׽ϡ¶˵һ˵顣
֮ǰһ̣ͬΪڳǰ£˸ѣī룬ǸΪļһ
һżȻĻᣬī״ɱˣ˵һȥһ߶͵͵ĹУ߶ˣī㽫߶ɱˡ
һɱģи߶ߵŮˣһз֮ɷһмҡ
мұȴңڡ
ī˵ʱǷǳģ·˵һǳʵ顣
׸ո˵һмңΪɱԼӣԼӵˣһ߶
׾֪ǱԩģǸīˣ֡
Ըָ֤֣ͥʦס
ϱʮּڿ˻ɵϣϣ
ʱʱѾʮꡣ
ʮʱ䣬Ѿ̫ˣڰϵʼճϣҲڿϣ
ɣϴԼԩԼףֻҪͥԸ⿪ͥİ
Ʋֹİϣڵһʱǰȥҵŵ٣ŵİӡ
ӰеĹҲͬ˷ܺͼʱ޿̲룬ϵʲôʱܹɣ
ѾФ˼ʮ꣬ɵĿʼնôǿҡ
İϣӦػɣӦñһֱФ˼ӦФ˼һӡ
ʱ޿̲漣ķΰܹػɡ
ڣ漣ڷˣҪػˡ
˷ܡΣ
Ȼʵǲпġ
ŵΪ°ϳ֮й¶ϴǮ飬ܾ˰ϵ˵˵ڻɺϣð
֪ŵΪʲôܾŵٱ֤˵֮󣬾Բй¶ϴǮ飬й¶ˣҲͬ
ȻŵȻܾ˰ϵ󣬻طؽһ¡
ϱˣڱߵʱŭ˵ĻᣬŵôӶ
ȻܰڻǱˣȴֻǹһ½յͷ
ʮĵȴڲŵĳĻᣬŵĶɱˡ
û֪ϱʱεķŭ;
󣬵ʮŵȵϣһ˲ٴαþ㹻˷衣
ӰеĹǣϷŭҲͬ÷ŭ;
ŭΪŵٶŭΪİϳ֮󣬻й¶ϴǮ飬Ȼɱ˰ϵʮϣ
̫˽Ͳ̣ӰеĹڶǳŭȴް취
ͬʱָеΪϵɶ˵ϣɱˣĻϣػ
ûϣˣϻòһֱڼˡ
ɣǽһԶԶ
ֻٹʮꡢʮꡭ
ȵϴӵʱܹͳɹ֮ǰϲʮ֮ڼͳɹһ
Ǹʱ򣬰ϵȷˣҲѾһˣһѾӵ˵ɻ
һ̣Ӱգٴαʮѹֺͳء



ڶǧһʮ ھ
ŵٶɱ˰ϻɵϣϹؽ˽ңӰеĹǸеŭ;
һлûн
Ϊ˳׶žϳĿԣŵٽ֪׵еһطѯǷԸͥΪ֤
ڵõ׿϶Ļش֮󣬼ŵٰ׼õǹֽɱ
ɱڣ
һĻһӰйڸеŭΪ׵е˺ꡣ
׻вһʱͿԳӣɰŮҸողõ˸Уƾ
Ǿţһγ֮󣬽ϴĸ棬ŮҸ
ǳᡣ
ȻڣһжȻֹ
ˣһԽΪԽ֣Ӷɱ
ȷ˰ˣ˷ŭԼŵٵķŭ
ӰĹǣ޲ŵٲк³
ϧǵƺûʲôãڿûʲôãŵФ˼һ죬Ҫøõ³ѣ
ŵٸ߰ϣˣΪԽ֣Ӷǹɱ
Ȼ֪ôģĳ̶ֳ˵˵Ӻס
ǷŭǺڣû֪ϵ顣
Կ϶ǣһǳ⡣
϶ŵٱʾһе˽ٰŵϴǮˣŵȥұˡ
Ȼŵв˵ܵ˽ϲҪѰôô
գƺЭˡ
ЭİϣҲڴӽ߳
ڼٳһǣֻаϺˡ
£һȥ
±ʾȵһ죬ͷףۻ軨ʱ򣬻ܹȥɡ
󣬰ϸ£ȥ֮󣬽ҪȥһڻĵطǸطī磬ī˵Ǹطûлġ
ϱʾҪȥǸûл䣬ůĵطɹһСùݣȻɳ̲һҲֵǮľɴ䷭һ£סǣ㡣
˵ЩʱʼչҸЦݣ˵һУѾʵһ
ӰйǣȫеĪᡣ
Ϊ˵Щ㽵ԺԶʵ֡
ڱФ˼УѾȥϣŵһϳġ
гĻᣬҲһᱻŵٽ߾ȫֹ
īڻڰ˵̫ңԶ
ҲֻǰһԶ޷ʵֵΡ
󣬰ϼ˵ڻǸطҪһ·˰Ǹ˾¡
ȴ˵ܲʺĴ뱲ӶڼɹģѾƻˣϲһ
ڼԶ԰Ӧǵ棬԰Ͻް
Ȱϱˣʲôڻʲô󺣣ʲôɳ̲ʲôùݣʲôִֻǳ˵ΰˣīԶߣȴʵǽ޷ȥ
ʵˡ
ӰĹһ̾Ϣ˵ûд˵һУǳ˵ΰˣڼͳȥ
˵ʵȷˣīԶߣȴ
˵ڿֻһѡ
ʲôѡ񣿰û˵ƺҲû̫⣬ûʡ
ӰĹǣҲͬû̫⣬ֻʶΪ˵ѡѡ
ҲΪġ
Ͻ˵һ仰ȴ˼
ҪôæŻҪôæǰ˵ģһ仰ÿһ˶˳˼
æŻæ
д𰸣ûд𰸣˭֪أ
֮󣬰ֶ˵˵һܹȥ°һ顣
ȻӦʰʲô飿
֪Ϳ˶˹
»ش˵֪
˵һܳʯǽߵľͷпǽһڲͬʯͷʯͷҪµĶ
´ӦһȥˣһҪȥҵǸ
ʲô
˵ҪԼȥҵȻ֪ʲôˣ
˵֮󣬰Ͼ뿪ˡ
Ȼ˵ЩȴӰеĹǣĪһ
ΪʲôͻȻ֮Ҫ˵Щ
Щôоǡԣ
ѵòײŵĳĻᱻɱðϸеʼմڵϣڳ׵Ϩ
ո˵ֻһѡѵ˵ǡԾ
뵽ֿܣӰеĹȫһδҲ̫ڿɱˡ
ĻǸʼնɳˣѾٿ
û֪𰸣ֻһֲԸһӣҲϣΪ׽Լ



ڶǧһʮ 
º⼸ϵõѣҲԸо˰ϵ仯ʾһҪðϣ˵ûʲô£ϰһ˵ʱ
һ麣˵Ҫһ׳ӣ⻰µЩ
ʲôѵҪϲһ
˵һģ˵֪Ϊÿ˶дʱ
ӰеĹǣһһ׳ӣʲôãǡ
ʵҲΪĻȻһֲ
˵ÿ˶дʱ
ϣһΪϴǮ˱ȻصԼη
Ϩ֮󣬰ϲû˯ǾôţĬţŽ麣ģǸ׳ӣᶨƺѾĳ־
һϣ籩꣡
Ӱйڵģ׵ľĿ֮ҹѵԤʾʲô
ûд𰸣еֻ׵񱩵Ű
һϣҲͬ˯ڵİϣѵĶɹһ֮Уһҹ
ҹڹȥˡ
ڶϣǿʼȫԼη߳վηǰ
Ȼȴٳûдη߳
ðϸϽҪʱ䣬ȴʼջûг
һĻӰеĹǣѾ˼£ĸе
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ûϣģڵȷǳϲһֱ治Ѿ޷ˡ
һվǿɱϣվûа취ʵ𣿰Ͽɵ룬ľս
һжûд𰸣ܿͻдˣԸ𰸲˸е˱
ϳٳûдԼη߳ŭһ߱ʾҪðϺÿһ򰲵ϵη㽫Ͼ
ߵ˰ϵηǰ濴ȥ
һеĴ𰸶ڴʱηİǲѾˣǵľ˶㡣
ܶЩԸ⿴һĻǺ¿ϵʬ壬̫˸ˡ
վûбۣ߽ͷŤһߣﻹϣ
ϣĳˡ
վڰϵηſڣ濴ʱԭŭı飬Ϊ˾š
ηһˣûаϣҲûаϵʬ塣
ǳҪ˵һ˵Ļ19ʼչǽϵģž޷Ůǻ
һҹ֮䣬ƾʧˣ
ӰĹǳһµûз
Ҳͬþ㵣ȥ
ηô󣬰ϲܶ棬ҹηߡ
ôΪʲôƾʧ
û֪𰸣һԵЩ죬ѵʲô¼
ϧⲻƬȻܻᷢ¼
ôȥǰ˼⣬ӰеĹǣҲͬ˼⣬׷׷
֮ǰģǻϷֻҪûһжûôҪˡ
ŵϵηŭŶǣϴǮ֤ݣûϿͻеŶǡ
ڰηһҹ֮ƾʧܹŵٸеĿơ
ԣŶǡ
ӰеĹǿŵ⸱ģеһˬܹһֱšȥ
ŵҲ˰ϵη°ȥ
µȻҲ֪Ҳǳ֣һҲһûϣһɱͺá
ŵٴڴϵʯͷһǽϵľ޷Ǻ
ϸսһµʱ򣬾һž޷Ǻǽϡ
19ʱ䣬ž޷ǺΣͬŮǡ
19ʱ䣬Ǹλһֱһ޷Ǻ
ҶѾϰΪŵ٣ӳǣǣԼеĹǡ
ŵٽеʯͷ޷ȴǷһֵ顣
ǿʯͷֱӽһ
˵ǽڣŵӹȥʯͷӦýŶԡ
ǣǿյģûǽڡ
ǽڣôǿյģӰеĹǣһʱ֮䶼û׵ʲôһ¶
ŵٻߵǰָոձʯͷСָȥˣֱҲȥˡ
һ̣ŵһѽקȻƺֹˡ
ǽϣȻһ󶴣һͨһ㹻һеͨ
һž޷Ǻͨأƭ˼еˣҲƭеĹڡ
𰸽ˣϲһҹ֮ƾʧˣҹڵ֮ʣͨ˳ȥ
η˼ˡɣ



ڶǧһʮһ 
1966꣬Ф˼19֮󣬳ɹԽ
Ф˼˴Ѱϵ䣬գֻˮ£һһѾǳˣҪɢ˵ĺ촸
19ʱ䣬ǰССĺ촸ڳһͨɵͨ
˵ҪôһСͨԽҪꡣ
ֻʮꡣ
ԽֻҪһССĺ촸һž޷Ǻʮŵļ֣ԼɡǿҵĿ
ʱ䵹Ļ棬˰ԽĹ̡
ÿһ죬϶ú촸һǽʯȻǽʯڿ㶵ÿȥٳϷŷʱ򣬽㶵ǽʯ˳ſڲٳϣ֪
ÿ춼ڼĲٳϣһǽʯ19ʱ䣬һͨɵͨ
ӰĹǾţûкҲûлǵ΢΢սȭͷǴʱģһƽ
ʱ䵹Ļڼ
ױŵǹɱ֮󣬰ھپ
죬˵̸˵ֻһѡˡ
ԭ˵ֻһѡˣҲɱԽ
ʱӰеĹǶѾˡ
˰֮˵Щԣȥˡ
ڳȥ֮ǰ˵һܹȥĻҪһæ
ʵҪ°æֻΪһϣȥܹ֮ȥϣ
ΪڼҲ̫ͬʱ䣬40ˣҲϲһƻˡ
һ죬ɹȥˣпܻϲһ޷ֻúϲһĽ֡
ϲϣϲĽ֣Խ֮ǰܹȥϣ
ʱ˰ԽǰǸϣڼŵٵİ칫Ϊŵˡ
֮ǰҲ棬Ƕ֪ڶһλ棬֮󣬳ŵٲעʱ򣬽ŵٵ˱ϣһ͵üٵ˱ϣŵ˱ϣȻϡ
һĻӰеĹڶһȻǻ֪͵ŵٵ˱ʲô⣿ܹµô϶ʲôô˵ܹŵ˶ù
ŵˣ֮ǰðϽƤЬɾ
ˣĽŵٵƤЬ÷ǳɾֻڲɾ֮ȴǽ䴩ԼĽϡȻԼЬӣŽЬС
ûע⵽ϴŵٰ칫ҳصԼηʱ򣬽ϴһ˫ڵķƤЬ
һĻٴӰĹǣ̲סҪȲʡ
ٽϻصԼηϨˣû˯ôţǸ׳ӡ
һĻ֮ǰһӰĹǣľ˼¡
ٿһĻѾپġ
ѾʼϽŵﻻ˱ϣöãǸ˩ԼĽϡ
ԭ;
֮󣬰ƿ޷19ʱڳͨ
ŰͨеӰӰеĹǣоһ˷ܺͼﲻϵ
ͨһˮܵϣȻһʯͷڻݺݵˮܵϡ
֮ڽˮܵҳһӣһͨɵĿӡ
ͨҳĿӣϽ뵽ˮܵУȻǰ
ˮܵܳǰɡ
500֮󣬰˳ڣڻɡ
·һˮ̫Сӣ껹£Сﱼ˼
19ʱһɵıܡ
󣬰ϽϵѵӵУ19꣬ڿԺ޹ǵĽӵ
ӵ£Ҳӵ˱ʮľ
ϾվС̧ͷ죬˫ӵ״ˮϣϣ
ͷһƬ죬һƬ죬Ѿû˸ʵΧǽ
ϴʱģѾһƬɵ졣
ڿӵգӵɣ
һ̣Ѿȴʮʱ䡣
ʱ˿̣ӰеĹǣҲƲסԼ˷ܺͼԼʮ꣬ڻһ㡣
Ǹ޸һڵӰˣʱҲȭͷգΪջɣеԵĸ˺ο
ʱѾˣⲿӰĿģҪϤ˵Ӱ֮󣬼Ա͡
ֻΪⲿӰΪջɶ˷ܣһͨĵӰһ
ǰһӰܶ˳֮Ϊ20ΰĵӰ֮һû֮һ
һӰø޸ˣֻǵİⲿӰκζ
Ӱе˶ڻ
ڻ֪ǵĻŸոտʼ



ڶǧһʮ ֮
ڶϣŵһʯӶǽϵľ޷ְѾԽʱ
һûϳֵˣ߽һҹС
֮ǰǲڵģֻļϡ
˱֮ǰΪŵϴǮʱƾ鹹¶ʷ˹
ʷ˹һе֤֤ȷʵǴϵġ
߽еˣȻǰϡ
ֻǣʱİϣǰϣ¶ʷ˹
ϻʷ˹ȡһ˻еǮڼʱ򣬰Ϊŵϴ׵ģŵٵĺǮ
һȥ12Уŵϴ׵Ǯȫȡˡ
ŵ19Ǯʱȫ˰С
ɵƯ죡ʱӰеĹڣȫ˴Ļ
ʵ̫Ưˣ˶Ϊ
ŵٵЩǮͼù⣬ϴ֮ŵУҲδ̫һЩ
ڣЩǮ˰УֱǴģǿǰʮԩһֲɡ
еĹڶǳˣֱֱǴġ
ǾôĵĻں档
ȡǮʱ򣬻һУĳһݺ
ǷݺҷФ˼ļŵ٣̰ۡϴǮıɱһϵеӳΪŵٵİףҲͬ
Ѹٽ٣ŵٺӳļ鷽ܿͿФ˼
ŵڰ칫ǴӱֽϿˣ̰ۡϴǮıɱһϵ飬˾д󾪡
æ򿪱չ񣬴óΪʱ˱
ʱչ˱ȻѾ˱˱ѾԽ֮ǰ˰
ŵֻӱչóһϷʥʥҳдţװļ˵Ķԣ֮СϡŸ
Ȼʥ棬һڿյĲ֣յĲһ촸״
ԣĺ촸һֱʥԴӱܼļ顣
ڰϸõʱŵٵη飬ְڶʥʾǳ˿϶ʥ԰˵֮С
ԭŵٵ˼ǣðϰϴǮȻڼܹԶԺõӣôһ֮
ڣһѲʥĺ촸ڳһͨɵͨʵҾꡣ
ʱٻ뵱ŵٶ԰˵ģ֮Сôķ̡
Ưֱ̫ƯˣӰеٴλ
ϵһ֣ɱ֮ǰӵƯȡŵٵǮŵ
ʣȴŵٵĽڵ֣֮ʧȥɵʹࡣ
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鷽ڲٳϣӳΪŵٵİףȴҲ֮ͬ֡
ŵڰ칫ҵĴǰĿӳߵḶֿ́˼鷽ӳ֮İ칫Ҷ
֪鷽Ҫߵľˡ
ԹԾͷӳһǹװӵȵ鷽ſڵʱ򣬾ǹ
ڹΪҪǹϮ鷽ʱȴԼ򦿪һǹ
ǹԾˣ
еĹǾ΢һ⣬ŵûѡΣѡԾ
ŵĽ֣ùǾʮֵĴģƶб
ŵФ˼ŵٵһˣܿҲ̨ˡ
յһⰲϼţǰڳ֮ǰĹġ
¶ŵʱ򣬰һܳһĹ·ϼۣһī紵ͷǵЦ⡣
ʱİѾԽ߾īڻˮͿڱ˰
һĻӰеĹڶֻоͷƤ飬һ
ʱ˶ֻоʵ̫˧ˣ
ʣһ龵ͷӰľͷ֮һ
Ѿڴ˰δѾһƬãյֽΣ
ǰϵĺѣҲͬⲿƷǣ£ͬǳġ
ڰߺ԰׵˵ҲòԼЩǲܹģǵ̫ĿˡǷߵʱǹһ񣬵εǡǵ뿪ĵطտյġ룬ֻҵˡ
µζף˾ЩˣѰϣΪϻɶԵĸˡ
ùǶ½ǣҶǣҲ밲һ
ؼǣܹ֮úõӦܹȥ
Ѿڼʮֻ꣬ϲʮ꣬Ҳͬʻˡ
ĻɣпܻϲһΪ޷Ӧ
ǻϣܹɣΪԽ֮ǰȥϣ
ţĻɣȥģϲĽ֡
ؼǣܹ
ÿһ˶ϣܹɣȻ밲طꡣ
ǻǶôã



ڶǧһʮ лĻ
ӰеĹǶϣܹɣ²񰲵һԽ
ôҪɣֻһΨһİ취ͨ͡
֮ǰѾйμͻᣬûгɹôһλᡣ
Ѷ͹Ա˵Ѿڼʮ꣬ǷѾĹ£
֮ǰѾشΣ֮ǰΣ¶ʾԼѾȫĹ£ѾΣˣϵ۱֤
Ȼÿشÿζܾ
һΣ²û֮ǰһش𣬶ǰڳһƺģ˵Ĺ£룬Ҹʲô˼
͹ԱƺЦЦ˵ǷѾ׼ط᣿
˵˵Ҷ˵һжģֻͷĴʣװĵˣ
󣬼͹Ա£
»ش˵ûһ첻ںڣΪΣҲΪӦúڡֻһ׹ʱǸģĴӡ̸̸̸̸Ƿƶ񣬵ҲܣΪǸѾˣֻʣλ˹һˣұýʵĹ£Ǻ˵˵ģ°ɣˣ˷ҵʱˣ˵ʵɣҸں
һ¶Լ͹Ա˵ĻΪʲôһ»֮ǰε˵ȫһ
Ϊϵԭ¶ڼǽеµʶˣлһϣĴʶ
ںδϣõģ֮㡣
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ӰеĹǣҲڳ˼ո˵Щֻǻû̫ףΪ˶ʱȥ
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ڶǧһʮ Ψһĳ
ӰˣӰĹȴٳûʲôӦ
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¶ԽԽӵԱûб߼ʵε󺣡
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ǵȴĪ꣬Ϊ֣ΪⲿӰˡ
ʵⲿӰҲȷԽˣĹ²ٽԼҲȻõ
Ϻһ𽫾ɴ޺ãȻ󾭳ùݵĿˣȥεĴϵ㣬ңڡ
뵽ĳܶڵǣԾĹ˵Ц⡣
ӰĵƹѾȫ򿪣ʾӰĹӦ뿪ˡ
ӰҪŵĵӰӦҲǡФ˵ľ꡷ɣ֪ɲٿһ飿һٿһ顣ȻһᲹƱġһЩ֪ǲܵģǳ֤֮
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ԵĻƼеĹڶôڣֻ߳Ӱ
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޸̾Ϣһ˵ȳȥɣһεƱ֮Ѿǰˡ
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ˣƣ㿴һӰǡФ˵ľ꡷ⲿӰôǲ۵ǾԵľ䣿̲סʵ
֮ƺܸܹ⣬Ϊ˷ܵ˵ȻҵȻǿġФ˵ľ꡷ҿⲿӰѾá䡯ˡӦáΰ󡯣һΰĵӰ֮ǰҴΪһӰáΰݡڣҾƺˡ
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ƱҺܱǸơ㻹һŽģФ˵ľ꡷ĵӰƱĻҹ򲻵ˡҸոѾˣеġФ˵ľ꡷ĵӰƱˡȻȥĵӰԺֻѡƱ
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ΰĵӰҲɡ޸һڵӰ
ǲ˳ϣ֪ǲϣҲ޼¡

һҵӰԺ﷢飬ҵӰԺӰ
ʱ˿̣Ф˵ľ꡷Ѿ𽥳Ϊˣ׹ĵӰԺΨһĳ
ĳ-Գ-ˡڽ
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ý׷ױȻıǾЩƣǷǳĴżֵȶȲҪġ
ŸýıܶƽʱôϲӰҲעӰ飬֮ǰ֪εӰ֮ˣֻ˵˵ûжȤˣʱҲ׵ľסˡ
ʲôһȻɱǷʵ
ԽԽý壬˱ǲòһжġ
Ϊ̫ڿţЩƽʱϲӰˣһЩȤ
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ʲôĵӰ֪֪׹Ӱһζˡ˵֮ǰý廹ЩͨӰڣⲿӰ϶˼һᴴƱ¼治֪һΣΪʲô᷸˵ͼĴ󣿡
ʵɣҲܹǡԡΪĵĵӰټλݺеԱûκԱӰȷôҲ޷˲˿Ȥᱻ˿͵Ҳֻ˵ȷһ棬ȻĵӰΪ䣬ΰҿѾ˽֮ΪΰĵӰˡ
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ûʱһģǸûУԥĻֻԺƱˡ
ڹФ˵ľ꡷ƱѾôһˡ
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ҵĹǣھһκ׹Ƶ·֮󣬳ױФ˵ľ꡷²
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Ӱ˽¡ϵµˣڡФ˵ľ꡷һƪۣЩֱ˼ֻ˵ͷ
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¡ϵµˣǶԵӰһʾӰɫ˵ǱȽϻҰģֵͨڣʼܹξסڵġ
ңÿһӰˣ뵽˼Уÿ˵˼ͬ
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ͬһˣڿһ顢ڶ顢飬Ǹʱÿһ뵽ĶҲͬ
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ʹþˣ¡ϵµˣԡФ˵ľ꡷ۣһȨԵۡ
¡ϵµ˶ԡФ˵ľ꡷ۣܿ͵õȫ˵ͬ



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Ф˵ľ꡷֮ΪһΰĵӰдʱͬ˵ˣⲿӰмһˡ
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лǴ棡


ȫҵĵӰǣۡФ˵ľ꡷ǵһܵĴ档
֪ǰӰĳͿͣһô޴ͿЦ顣
ʱ򣬻Ĺ޲˵ĹЦ֮ǰµһɨա
֪ĵӰһӳĽͻᵽ
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Ӵ֮ЩһԲСĵӰƷˡ룬ӦҲһ飬ǾǲʲôĵĵӰֻҪƷǾһǾ䡣
ǿ϶ģܹΪԾΰĵӰЩȻӲٻ¡
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ʵ൱ڴ


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˵˵ţ˵˵ӰгֵģФ˼ϡ
Ф˼ԣФˡ鹹ġ
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ڣǼȻФˡ鹹ģⲿӰļȴʵʵڴڵġ
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ôԭʲô֣׹ʲôطΪʲôҪѡΪʲôҪФˡȵһϵе⣬ȫҵĹǣ˼ΪŨȤ


ڶǧһʮ 
Ҫ֪һϵĴ𰸣ѡ
֮ǰǳӰϣԡΪӰ֮ǰʹӰƬǰϵİߣķޱ˹һ⣬ޱ˹ļݣǷһ˹ƶ
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׼ȷ𰸣ӵʱĵӰֳޱ˹֮һζԻϣܹ֪Щԭ
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ԱһοͻشǵģӰƬһͨܶǽʯľͷҷ˺֮ܶ󣬷Ǹͷڵλôž
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ǵģûҼǵ÷ǳ
һοڲٳѰӰƬֹľͷһҵ֮ͻԵʮֵ˷ܡ
ڵĲٳôˣǻ֮䣬һִԽӰƬ֮еоϡԼǣԱߡ
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οô뿴ģȻǰϵηڳޣǧͬʱ뵽ϵηιۡ
ֻܸݵִηȺ˳Ŷӽ뵽ϵηС
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̨ɢŵģʯͷ̵һЩСһѾ˺ٵľ޷ǺװѺһǽϹοǲιۡ
һʥװ˱ʩ֮󣬰ڷϣҳдŰԽ֮󣬸дһ仰Եĵ˵öԣ֮Сϡŷ
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οǸпǣηһǽϣʮʱڳģͨɵͨ
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ͨȥԴĻܹͨͨһ˵·ǰˮ
ηʮο͸пѣǻηһϧι۵ʱѾˡ
Ϊοֳ̫࣬ĹԱ涨ˣÿһ뵽ηι۵οֻܹͣι۶ٵʱ䡣
ʱ䵽ˣҪһοͽιۡ
ûа취һοֻܷǳź߳η
֮߳ǺȻʶһ⣬ǾȻ᲻߳һη⻹Щ˼顣
Ȼ᲻߳ηȫһ䡣
һһοͽη߳ÿһλ߳οͣ޲Ǹпǧ
һο˼ͼݣͼݣȻĹԱϲϲĽ֣οһꡣ
Ȼ֮ǰͼݳһطһͼݣǰ뵽ʽؽͼݡ
ͼݶı
οȥһͼݲι֮˼ҡ
ϾΪȫǣһĪصġ紵Ҷ֡ȫǣһɵĸо
ڣȻڷһ̨ʽĳƬʽӰƬֹ̨
ʹ𣿡οͺʵ
ֳԱشʹáȻӰƬĲŵǶ֣Ǻ
һοǵͷȻ֪ӰƬﲥŵǺҲΪ֪ոλοͲŻһʡ
Ӳҳһοһ¥ӰƬտʼãϡԼѣһĵط
ʣһǳҪĵط
ɹΪӳһ⣬֮һϵй¡
ҲΪϳɹԭӳҺơơ
ڷơƣڼͷͷ·һ㡣
ʱ˿̣οƺܹϾǽڣϣǹŵЦ⡣
һжôϤ



ڶǧһʮ ʤ
ӷοȥ˼һЩطι֮󣬴Ӽųһ׾Сԡ
СӲˮЩǣʣһطһˮܵǴˮܵС
ӶĻɡ
Сפ˺óʱ֮οǲŻȥ
ιФ˼ֲ֮һǿҵ뷨Ǿȥһ顶Ф˵ľ꡷
ܣѾܶˡ
ڻٿһ飬ţһֻµ
ʮڴ
ڵһο֮Ф˼ĴţûֹϹο͵Ľÿ춼صοĽ
ڼιۡǻٶڼջһЩ
˹ƶ³ǵľ˶Ѹٴ˹ά¡Լ˹ˣ˷ܵĹЦĶм

λޱ˹ĦҲ˳Ϊ˼ԱһЩԱҲ˶˲٣Ѿʸ񱻳֮Ϊˡ
Щޱ˹Ħû۹⡢ûйʲôƬӶݵģ߲Աǣʱžž֮󣬻Ľʺͺޡ
ЩԱȻض˵һƬĻᣬʼġ
ڣĿţޱ˹ĦˣԼ༸ԱһǼȳͿĵӰһƬĽʺͺޣ֪
ƾʲôƾʲôһ֮ǰ˼ȿ˥ĵӰһƬ
λ˵ͨĳȫ
Ϊʲôޱ˹ĦˣԱȥⲿӰ
еЩʼ벻ףֻĽʺͺޡ
⣬ûκεá
ЩѾ˵Ա˵ͬĽʺͺޡ
ǵȷѾԱҲݹһЩӰûһӰܹ͡Ф˵ľ꡷Ტۡ
뷽跨ķܶ꣬һһڵޱ˹Ħأֻǳһ֮ǰȿ˥ĵӰѾ֮£Ѿͳǡ
ＫȵĲƽ⣬Ľʻкޡ
ȻҲбžžģ߲ԱĽʺޡ
вԱĽ΢һЩ֮⣬ûк⡣
ֻǳ̾һпǧ֪ΪһԱĻԵ
ޱ˹ĦˣԼ༸ԱɹץסһλԵȻһƬ
Ǵʧˣֻ˵λԵǣֻߣΪ۹ж⣬ûȥȡһλԵ
Թñˡ
ĦȡһλԵ
Ψипǧ

ӰͶ˺տУʱʮֵ˷뼤ѡͶʡФ˵ľ꡷ȷԤⲿӰܹ׬Ǯ
δ󵨵ļ裬Ҳ
һλ׬ǮҲ֪һһǳµ֡
˷ܡͬʱҲһ飬ǾʱͬͶʣ˵ֱһζ͡
֪ȫԲͶʣԼʡ
ô׬ǮԼġ
ʱһ֪ⲿӰһǰ£ȻͬͶʣֱǡ
ⲿӰֻС׬һЩǮտлǳϲ̾ԼͶ۹⣬ꡣ
ڣⲿӰ׬һµ֣úտиеЩͲ
ΪǮԭǿԼ׬ȡġ
˺ܾ֮󣬺տкȡϵʾԼԲ׬һǮֻҪûͶʱͿˡ
Ǯ̫ˣԷе
ȻȴˣȻѡͶʣ͵д˻Եġͬʱʾһ׬Ǯȷǳ࣬˵пޡ
õĴ֮󣬺տڰˣǰδе˷ܺͼ
ЩԺտ䳰ȷͶǣѾ׵ɵۣǴûйĽ뼵ʣԼûйĺڡ
ʱҲڵӰֳҲлѡͶʣȴûҪͶĵӰһԥûС
ڣֻʱܹٻص֮ǰǳӰʢϡ
ϧûʱҲ
ΨĽʣвĺڡ

֮󣬡Ф˵ľ꡷Ȼȫӳȶʼղ
ʱ򣬱Ѿ֮ǰ涨ģҵĵӰƱƴĽֹڡ
ⱾӦȫĿʱ̣ȴƺѾʧȥԭе塣
ΪƱɼѾȫû˱ƴıҪ
ڹȥʱ岿ӰƱܳɼ͡Ф˵ľ꡷ƱɼȣԼ㡣
ôȣʲôƴ壿
Ը޸Ϊ׵׹Ӱˣʱܹ˵䣬һе˼
ϧԡФ˵ľ꡷ӳ֮Ը޸Ϊ׵׹Ӱ˾ʼճĬûйκεϢ
Ȼ˵̬ʮԣýȫĹ˵ͶЩȤˡ
һȫҹעģ֮ĵӰ֮ʱҲǸһˡ
Ф˾꡷ʤ
ʣµģֻСФ˵ľ꡷ȻڲԼĴ档



ڶǧһٰʮ Ҫ׹ʫƪ
ʥ塣
׹Ѿһڵʱ䣬һȻʮֵС
죬ڼǰ㣬ѧ绰
绰ѧˬһЦ˵ϵܣأ𣿡
ᣬڼҵء
绰ѧһЦ˵ʥڣϵһ𣿡
ЦԸ͹⣬СᶨȻԡ
ѧǾʹϵˣ͹
õģ
ѧƽʱæʱǰݷãȻʲô飿
Щ档
㣬˳ѧǰʱ10룬ѧ緹
Ȼڵ㣬ȻҪ㣬ֻڻûջ
㽲£ûʹֶΣĵ㡣
Ļֻһ㣬ټ㼫õܲջ񣿻˵
ʵǵֻʹֶˡ
ȻӦѧ㣬ȴû㣬ƺЩá
Сʱ֮ЩƵȻûջ񣬶ʱѧѾԶԶ˹
֮󣬷ͣӭȥ
ѧ״Ҳæӿ˽ŲԶԶľʹ˵ϵܣˣʵǷǳǸ
Ц̫ˣĹͣҿһֱҹεġ
߽֮һѡ
ѹѧ˵ϵܣҪϲĵӰƷФ˵ľ꡷˵ĳɼ˵ڵФ˼ÿ춼ǧοĽιۣ˲𰡣
ǫ˼䣬ѧһص֮ǰĵط˵ûԣɾҪһʱˡ
ŶѧԵũׯǳѵû뵽ϵԳ֣Ҳջ񡣡
һЦ˵Ҫ˵㼼һЩ
ѧҲǹһЦ˵֪ϵҲвóĶˡ
һ̾˵û취첻һˣķ涼ġ
һ֮ѧ˵档
ǰʥݷȻֻһٷȻµġ
ѧ˵ϵܣģҽ׼Сѧ꼶Ľ̲ȫİ棬ڻ׹ʫͼƪģҪϵܰæ
ŶʫͿģ˼Ҫԭ𣿡
ѧͷǵġϵʫˣֻϵܵʫȻСѧ꼶ʹõģʫҪ򵥡ϵܵġ졷ũġڿģҲͬҪǳġϵܣˡ
˵ͷѧ⡣
ѧΪ֣Ϊ֮ǰϵƷʫ衶졷ũɢġޡȵƷѡСѧĿα
֮С־ĶͯɾʮΪʲôĶͯѧռԼɽ·ΪѧĿۡľȵȡȵȺܶƷҪĶȺ壬ǶͯСѧ
ѧæ׹ʫƪģҲͲˡ
ȻܾǺ飬ǹغĴ£ûоܾĵ
ǣ˵Ȼ˵ˣԵΪǡ
Ȼ֪Ӧòܾ׶ӦѧԵú˷ܣһЦ˵Ҿ֪ϵܾܲģлϵܣȫмҳǣҲһлϵܵġ
ڰ֣˵ˣȻ岻ݴǡڣҸһ
Ѿ11ˣٲĻǳԲˡ
ĥǲӦʹֶˣϲˡ
ţˮϵĸͲͻȻ˶΢˳
۾һԵˣǿԲżʹֶˣһʧ֮ʹò١
ѧҲ˸ͲĶҲһϲʵ˵е㡣
Ϊϲԭ򣬶Ϊ̫ζǳԹһεˣԻߡ
Ҳũׯļÿ춼ΪһҪԭ
ȫעһ̽˵ĵȴ׼ȷжϵĲ֮Ѹ͡
͵ѸٱһЦ˵ǵһһ
ѧͬһЦ˵ӽĳпڸˡ
һ֮ѾϹĴһڱŪ˰һ㡣
ѧ̾һƯҲ󣬹Ƶʮɣ
ͷ˵ࡣˣڿչˡ



ڶǧһٰʮһ ǵʦ
ջһʮصĴ㣬֮һˡ
Ŵ㣬ѧһ߽ԺӣѧԱ֮Ŵ˳׼Ƴ
ķ˷ʢҼƷζѧԵÿν쳣㡣
緹Ϣһ֮ѧ뿪
ͬʱҽٷ繫һϢ˵ܸעģСѧ꼶Ľ̲ȫİˣԼɹԭʫףƪڴ
ϢһѸٳΪעĽ㡣
Сѧ꼶Ľʼйעص㡣
һСѧ꼶Ľ̲ȫİ棬ȻҲͱܹע
Ȼȫİ棬ܹʫͿĶȻҪѡ࣬ЩѡĹʫͿģܵע
ΪЩʫͿĵôܷ꼶СѧǵѧϰȤŷҪҪĹϵ
ڵ꼶Сѧԣһ׹ʫһƪģܹǵǿȤǺܻܿİѧϰ
СİѧϰԺһЩˣȻҲͬȥѧϰ
һѧϰɼٲҲȥ
ҪѧǰȥѧϰþǴСʼȵѧǵһЩ֮취ȥǵѧϰȤЧͻۿۡ
ԣĳ̶ֳ˵Сѧ꼶Ŀα̲Ҫġ
һ㣬ҽеļҳǣȫס
ҲһιҽȫİСѧ꼶Ľ̲ģԼ˹עԭ
ôҪˣʲôĹʫͿģܹúİѧϰ
ġ͡ޡƪɢģɢģȻʺСѧ꼶ѧ
ʵϣƪɢѡĶǳĿα
Ψƪʫ졷Լũǳʺϵ꼶ѧ
ƪʫ֮ǰѡ˿αѡ࣬ȻҲͬѡ

ǰ꼶ĿαУȻһЩʫЩʫ͡졷ԼũȣͲʵ̫Զˡ
ҳǿˡ졷ũʫѾϣЩʫѡˡ
ҽȻҲΪģѧŻȥݷԭףʺСѧ꼶ѧĹʫ
飬Ȼֻб֮ΪʫɡùҽΡ
ͬʱҲȫҳǵԸ
ʵϣڹҽ֮ǰҪȫİСѧ꼶Ľ̲֮ȫļҳǣʲôĹʫͿģӦѡ½̲ģ
꼶Ľ̲ȫİ棬ǾԵĺ飬ҲǴ£Ϊҳȫ֧֣ʵϣӦøİˣġ졷͡ũ֮Щʫһ׶ˣӦ޳αˡ
ǣǰѹʫȫɡ졷ũġ
˵ɣֹʫƼ򵥣ѶȴҲΨܴĹʫϧʺСѧ꼶ĹʫƺֻסţһסӦҲǿʺϣûˡҪɡ졷ũģѰ
ȷѣܹԳ֣רٴּ򵥶־ʫ
ԸֵĻͼˡҾùҽǱ߿ȥ֣Ӧòܾ
Ȼˣ˳ƪİɡĿģ϶Щĺõöࡣǲ̫̰ˣ
дĶǾʥģдСѧ꼶Ŀα᲻̫ˣ
е㣬ϵˣӦòġ

ϣҳǵԸϣܹ֣רΪСѧ꼶Ŀģ׹ʫƪġ
εֻ
ԸȻᱻҽԸν͹ҽıϣҽȻҲֵóȫ
ڣҽʽͨ棬ѾͬרΪСѧ꼶Ŀαԭ׹ʫƪġ
Ϣڵһʱ绶һƬ
Ҿ֪һܾл
Դʵ൱ڴ
־ʮΪʲô졷ũޡɽ·ΪѧĿۡȵһЩеƷΪѧǵĺܹʱʵ̫ҸˡҸҲҸ
ȷǶҸģǺӵʦ
лʱˡ


ҳΪǵʦǷǳͽģͬʱҲ΢Щ
ʦλ̫ˣоԼϣȻһֹغӳɳصΡ
صΣã



ڶǧһٰʮ һȥ̴
ȻҲûҲûҪ
غӵĽ⣬Ǵ¡
׹ʫƪģ˵Ȼһǳ׵飬࣬һӵʱ䣬Ѿ˴
ţ׼ȷ˵ܳ
˳Ϊÿһ׹ʫÿһƪĶһЩͼһЩʱ䡣
ͼֻͨ壬ֱڵԵĻͼɵģҲǵӰġ
ȫ֮˽
ˣЦãҵЩô
һϲ˵ô𣿡
һ˵һȲĵĻϿȥΪһСѧʦԴȻǳ⡣
һۿһ׹ʫ鲻Խһȥ̴ҡ̨ͤ˾ʮ֦
֮ϲСʫǳ򵥣ƽζ
ҪǣǺǻʱ޷ʫζʫҲǳʺϺǣȲ˵ֻһʮʮ֣ܹúѧúʶ֣ᵽֵãֱǾ
ܹ϶ͨõᣬвٵĺӣΪʫֲȤӶһϲѧĿܡ
ʫܹЩʱѾ˷ǳģѧȤĺӡ
Щź
ȻҲʮϲתϣѸһǡ
һǹȥЩʫͿģһȻϲϡ
飬¿һ֮ʵô
ЦǳǺǵʦ
ҳ̧̫ˣ˳νʵ̩ȻĽܡ
ͷһݼߵͬʱҲһصصΣ㶨ܼ⸱صΡ
ЦҵóģʺϺĶƷˡ
㡣ƷʱҲż
ͷţȰЩǾͼҳкǼ档
顰šһλø
֮󣬽ոմõĹʫġͼһ𷢵ѧ䡣

ʱѧոճŷɻھǹʻֻʼϢʾʼʱϲ
ϵܴܲʲôƷٶȶν죬ϵҲ˵ĸпţѧŲҴҵĴӻͨ߳ʻȺ
ѧԸֱӻȥ
ѧʵͣͿƷϧֻܻص칫õԲ鿴
ֻǿһʱˡ

ͬʱʫЭ¥ҡסԪλʫˣҲ˵רΪСѧ꼶Ŀαʫ顣
ҵʫ״ʵѴҲŴףԼ⣬¶ֻϵС
׵ԳֻмʫţҪΪСѧ꼶ĿαʫһûаաζʫɣЩǸ򵥵ʫûζԼ˼ó֣ǱҲȻܣӵܲǡȼζʫȷֻǸС
ԪСӵĴٶȼ죬ҹǺܹܿһεƷˡ
Цڴ
ҲЦȷڴСӱڵļҳΪǵʦѹءȷǸʸ񡣡
ԪһҲһΣڴСӴģʺϺĶƷ

ȫļҳǡҲͬۡ
Ĵٶȼ죬һεƷ϶ܿͻᴴǱߡǲ֪᲻ǰ⹫
ӦûɣСѧĽ̲ĵݣֲʲôҪܵϢ֪ȫļҳԴ˼ΪעӦûǰ繫ġ
ҲΪӦûᣬںڴ
ҲڴңҲֻΪҵĺӼСѧõ±ĿαڴһΪƷڴ
ȻӦöİɡҪ֪ЩƷȻҪΪǴģ϶Ҳͬζʮ㣬ԼˣҲͬϲ񡶶졷һվǳ˵ĽǶȿҲһζʮľʫ
ţʲôƷֻҪģǾһǷƷһҪμ仰
˵ڲ˵ڴ


ҽ칫ҡ
ѧڸϵ˰칫ңӭ˵֪ͨһν̲ĸıԱҿᣬƷˡ
ˣô죿΢΢һ㶣֮˵õģ֪ͨ



ڶǧһٰʮ ʫ֮һ
˴Сѧ꼶Ľ̲ĸıļλҪˣڽӵ֪֮ͨ󣬴ҴҸҡ
κƷٶȶ죬һȻˡ
ϲ˷ܡڴ
ѧ򣬴ʱڴƷ
鱾ӦģѧûҪأһڴĸо
ܿ죬ɣѧȲĴ򿪡
ǰǹʫǿģѧ񿴵һ׹ʫ֮ԭϲ飬øӵϲƷǲ
ϸȥƷζѧֽȥڶףס
Ҫһ֮ϸƷζ
ʫ֮ȥģһƪڶƪƪ
ͼÿһͼƬζѧԿ϶ֻЩͼƬȥӦĹʫ߿ģֻֻ߽ǹʫ߿ģҪͼƬһܹǿҵѧϰȤ
ڹʫ߿ĺͼƬϣɵЧһһڶѧԽԽϲΪһ֮Ҳ˷
ϵܵȷʸ񣬱ҳΪǵʦѧ˷ܵͬʱ˸п
ʱ򣬼ҪȺ߽˻ңѧˣ˵ȿƷѾˡ
ҪϲǱڵһʱ俴Ʒѧ˵ǵ⡣
ȲĴ򿪣Ҫ˿ľ̾͸пһֱûжϹ
˺ü֮һ˸пǴ˵еˣĲھŽ񡣡
һͬпִʣȻһȷľ
󣬼̲סֳһЩƷԽԽܹƷζԽǸпǧ
һ֮һ˵ڼеļҳǣεƷΪڴҪҪǰǹ
ѧǰɣⲢûʲôòҴŵġǰҲ˳ҳǵ
һЦһμҳȻʲôˣеֻϲͶĸмǻ˵СʱʱĹʫͿģҶѧϰɻȤöࡣ
һ˹һЦ˵ֻˣСѧʱûءڵЩ亢ӣԼԺĺǣȷǸʱҸˡ
ѧڵЩܹҸǾѾǳˡ
ͬʱȷȻ
ѧͼ־ѡˣ˳ۡ
۹󣬹ҽʽ繫ˣһεƷʫġͼƬеݡ

ļҳǶڵȴǿӦûǰƷġ
ڣȻˣʽˡ
Һǲһٶȷǳ졣
ļҳ̲סһεģпĴٶ֮졣
󣬱ȲĿʼһεƷ
ǰǹʫǿģѾͼȫá
һ׹ʫɽӽ
һȥ̴ҡ
̨ͤ˾ʮ֦
֮ǰĵһʫ
ʫǰѧҡѧҡ˼ҡӺƷ
ʫΪһʮʮ֣ζǰ֮ĳ㱻ǵ˽ϰСѧϰʶ֣õʫ
νǺͯѵʫ֮һ
ʱ磬Ȼһõʱ
ļҳڿʫ֮޲İоʫܼ򵥣Ҳܺ⣬ֳĻ棬ȴ򵥣൱ķḻζʮ㡣
ͨ򵥵֣ҳǱ·ܹʫһɽ壬ɽһ߱㲻Ծ߹··;п廧˼ҡ
˼֮⣬̨̨ͤͤܣֻ;طʻ
һ˾ʮ֦
൱ķḻҲ൱ܹ׵ĸܵ
ʲôǺʫǺʫͨ򵥵֣κ˶ܹܹܵʫͻʫǺʫ
ûκʫţûκʫˣһܿʫҸܵʫĻ档
ҳ̲סİо
ȻʫĲֻǻζĽһʮʮǶʫС
⣬ʺ֮ǰûнӴʫСǣѧϰͼ䡣
ʫѧϰĲֻʫúѧѧһʮʮôд
ҪǣûẢᵽֵúȤζġ
һӵһνӴʫͿԴ׹ʫѧôණʫӴȥͰ
пܻúӴӴ֮󣬾ͶԹʫѧϰֲȤŨȤ
⽫Ҫ
еļҳһİо
Ǻǵʦ


ڶǧһٰʮ Զɽɫˮ
ļҳǿĵһ׹ʫɽӽҡסԪȻҲˡ
֮Ȼͬİо̾ѡ
һп֮ȥڶʫʫԶɽɫ
Զɽɫˮ
ȥڣ񲻾
ʫǰƴʫάƷʫԭʫǡΪˡԶɽɫ
Ϊһ֮󣬴ڵһοʫʱ򣬲֪ǡֻ⼸ʫΥȻɣʫôأ
ⲻӵ
ϸһƷζŻȻԭʫĲȻǻ
ǻǾȤζˡ
ʫһʼ͵ǡ֪ǡǰ£ȥʫĻͻûϸƷζ󣬻Ȼľϲо
ԣʫˡ
⣬һѧϰʫĺ˵ĺôʦͼҳǶܹ֡
һЧȻǳĺãǺҡסԪˣûڵһʱ䷴Ӧ
Ҷһ֮üͷһ£Щ˵ڶСʫͬζΥȻɰ䣬ȥˣΪʲôڣ˿ˣΪʲôܾ
סԪҲͬЩ̫⡣
ȻӲҪ˵ȥˣΪʲôڣΪЩҲġ߶š˿ˣʲôܾΪ
ӲҪ˵Ҳû취ԲԽת䣬Ӧǿʶ
ôΪʲôҪдһСʫ
üͷ壬̧ͷ֮пˣǽϹŵһڻ֮ͻȻ֮Ȼ򣬹һЦ˵ԭˣøϵܣȻǶˡӵ
һ˵֮󣬰סԪҲͬʱӦͬʱϲ˵ԭˣ
ȷ൱򵥵䣬ΥȻɣգд˻ص㡣
ѧϰʫʱʦȫԼȥ˼ʫʲôҪдúԼȥִ𰸡
һǲܹѧһζʮʫڷִ𰸵ĹУܹᵽʫȤ
⻹ܶ˼ҵ֮󣬻һջɹϲøкͳɾ͸С
ϲøкͳɾ͸У˵ܹúǣӴϲ˼̽
֪ȥ˼֮̽󣬾Ϳܻڵָо
ǻʫ֮󣬺ѧϰʫʱܹõô
ֱ̫ˣҡסԪٴ̾ѣܹ˼Լࡣ
ңϸȥƷζĻʫƺĳ黳
ǸļﾡĿţսԼȼհĿ
ºƮȻȥ
ʱлֻڻС
֪ഺѾţͽ¶ٻںޡ
ʫеĻƺһ룬һֿɼɵõ룬ֻ˵鴦һְ״̬Уǲܹ
ɵʵʫΨдŵ˼ȥѰܹ黳Ķ
ȥδûһеá
ҡסԪ˼ʫİ黳ֻȫˡ
ȻںǶԣ뿼Щˡ

ļҳڿڶʫʱ򣬸˺һ֮ŷӦЩҳȵϣ˵֮󣬲ڻȻ
⵹˵ܶ˶ΪҴûһʫԭ⡣
סԶɽɫ˴۽磬ԭʫǴ˵еˡ
ҳڻȻ֮ȻǾϲѣﾪϲʫ
ϲ󣬼ҳƷˣѧϰһʫܹõĺô
ӣһڼҳھϲָе˸ľϲ
̫ˣֱ̫ˣ̫˲ˣҵĺܹѧϰĹʫʵ̫ˡл
ѧϰʫʱ򣬸оܹջ̫̫ĶԽԽ˼һõʱ
ֹ˼ǾˣҲó࣬ϣԺѧϰʫʱ򣬲Ҫġ
ҪʦЩҳúõˡҶԴ˷ǳ˷ܺڴ
ҲǣϣڿαϼʫȻǰסɽӽţǽĵʫҿʫʲô
ãٿĵʫڴ

ʫʫݡ
ԭϲݣһһ١
Ұղ紵
ʫǰƴʫ˰׾׵Ʒԭùԭͱ𡷡
ʫԭʫһа˾䣬滹ľ䣺
Զֹŵӻĳǡ
ȥ顣
ں˵ľȻڸˣֻȡǰľ䣬ȡΪݡ
ʫЩȡǰľҲܹԳһʫ
ңζ



ڶǧһٰʮ üҳǿýζ
ùԭͱǰ׾׵ĳʫдʫʱ׾ײʮꡣ
˵ʫͲò˵˿׾֮һ¡
Ԫ꣬İ׾׳ǣԼʫȥݷãʱǴʫ˵Ĺ˿ʫĵһƪסùԭͱ𡷡
˿ڿ׾׵ʫ֮ǰǿ˰׾׵֣Ȥ׼۷󣬾ลס
˼˵ǵ׼̫Ҫס£ɲס
ʼ׾׵ʫһƪǣԭϲݣһһ١Ұղ紵
ʫ˿̾˵øӼࡣ
˼˵д˵ʫ䣬ס£ʲôѵأ
׾񣬿һΰʫ˵Ѥƪ¡
סùԭͱ𡷣ҲΪ˴֮ǧŵľ
ڣʫǰľ磬СʫҲܹΪǧž
ļҳǿСʫȻһ̾
ʫôϣͬʮֵǳ׶˭ö򵥵־ƽ
ҰһֲݣѭϢһ䡰һһ١򵥵ζģչֳҰݴݵѭ
Ұղ紵ҰݾǿնģֻҪдһ룬ܿԭҰ
ȴ˵նдҰղһ׳ҵ⾳Ұԭη˲Ϣ䣬Ƭݲݱյþ⡣
֮ҪǿԼʹ࣬ΪǿĻ̵ֽ档
һܰҰҶͳͳվȻһͣҲصص׵ĸ룬һ绯꣬ҰݵḴգѸ͵ĳƣ̸ǴأЦŰ
ȫʫȻֹֺ飬ζν
еļҳ޲ҡͷԣгԽԽǾζһ̺С
ּ򵥶ζ̺ĳʫúѧϰգֱٺʲˡ
ļҳǸп
һʺϺѧϰģõʫСʱܶʫ˵ἤҶʫʲǿҵȤڣһѾһĴʫˡ
㻹˵ֿܵģʫܹʮʮ꣬ڻٵĴʫˡСʱҲѧϰʫЩʫʵССǣʫʲȤ
Сʱѧʫҵǻǵã⼸ʫʵ̫̫ˡСʱѧϰʫǿ
˵ڵ亢ǣԼԺĺǣǼΪҸġ


ҳڸпҡסԪλʫҲͬڸпʫţʵǲ֪ˡ
˵дһ׺ʫƺǺˮ·һ򵥣ҪôۣӦ˵ʲô

һһд׹ʫǰ֮⣬еס
ͯţС
Ȼտ
ס
ͷϺڲòãѩ߽
ƽһǧ򻧿
סɽС
ԶϺɽʯб˼ҡ
ͣ˪Ҷڶ»
ס칫꡷
һͷδ
ͯ׷Ƶ˻޴Ѱ
ʫÿһ׶򵥶ζʮ㣬ں˵ʺѧϰõʫǶڳ˵ҲֵϸϸƷζľ֮
ԺҡסԪΪ׵ʫˣԼеʫʰߣļҳǣȫ˷ܲѡ
ܽʫд˵ļ׶˵Ĳֻһˡ
ʫ󣬱רŴƪģҳǶԴͬΪע
һƪĿΪˡ
ˣˡ
Сӱߣ
СϪš
ˣˣ
Ұϣ
ݶˣˡ
ˣˡ
Сļң
Ŷĸ衣
ˣˣ
У԰
У԰˻Ц
Ȼǵڶƪ졷
쵽ˣˡ
һƬƬҶ
һȺϷɣ
һųɸˡ֡
һųɸһ֡
ȻǵƪѩСҡ
ѩѩ
ѩһȺСҡ
СҶС÷СѼҶС
ϲñʣͳһ
Ϊʲôûμӣڶ˯
ҳԽԽϲЩķǳļ򵥣ȴԵɣǿýζǵƪġѩСҡǰ
ƪķǳȤңܹúǻ˼⡣
һȺСѩﻭ棬ôģ
ΪʲôϣҲñʣֻҪ߼һ
СΪʲôҶСΪʲô÷СѼΪʲôҶСΪʲô
С˻Ҷ֮⣬Ƿ񻹿ԻĶ
СﶼȴΪʲôڶ˯ˣ
ȵȷǳ⣬úǻ˼ҺһǳȤȥ˼



ڶǧһٰʮ ټա
ڡѩСҡ֮󣬻ƪġ
硶ļ
ѿ⣬С˵Ǵ졣
ҶԲԲ˵졣
䣬Ź˵졣
ѩ˴һͦƤ˵ҾǶ졣
ƪͬȤҲܹǵȤúǻȥ˼
磬ѿΪʲôҪ˵ԼǴ죿ҶΪʲôҪ˵Լȵȡ
ͨЩ˼úԼȥ֣ԭЩﶼӦߴԵ
Ȼ󻹿Խһǵ˼ÿڵĴ˿˵֮⣬⻹ֱЩʲôȵȡ
һǳȤȥ˼ġ
ܹȤȥ˼Ŀģɾĺÿģ֮ǰƪǣƪļҲǡ
ҳԽԽϲ滹ƪġ
硶ССĴ
¶ССĴССĴͷ⡣
ССĴֻ졣
ٱ硶ߴͬʱءܳ󡷡¡ǵ˫ȵȡ
ЩټֻƵĲͼֱеļҳǿȤһ߽ѧУµһѧ뷨
뷨Щ˵ʵ
Щģĺȥһѧʵ뷨
㣬ΪҲ뷨ЩѧϰһǳȤλСʱ򡣡
СʱĿģ˵һһǳѧϰĺúӡ
Ǵˣǳ˵ǣǵĺӸˡҶЩĽҵĺˡ
лҾ֪һ֣Ǿ;Բ˸еһʧ
ллǵʦ


ҽ
ѧϲ鿴ҳǶһƷۺͷӦ
ҳǵ֮ѧ񲢲⣬ȻԵ˷ܡ
֮ǰҪѡСѧĿαĹʫͿģҲͬǰϣռͼҳǵ
ÿһζ᲻һǱڰ˵ʲôѡĵĶЩʲô۹⣬ĹʫĿҲܹѡ˵ѡĿĲӵ
һΣҳǵķӦȫ˷ܡڴΨмһЩˣĨڡ
ѧ˷ܣָһ绰ʾл
ڵ绰ʾһҪ͸ȫĺǡ
ѧ۾һܹµ˵ӦһʺϺĶƷ
͸ǵƷǾԷͬСɣ˵춯صġ־ǿʮΪʲôҲǷͬСɵƷ
ҪͺһƷһϢԻļҳͺǼΪ˷ܡ
ʵϣһΪСѧ꼶Ľ̲רŴƷѾ͸ǵõˡ
͸һƷǾеˡ
ʲôѧΪڴ
ѧڵ绰ѯɷǰųϢ
ʾԡ
ǣҽٴιһϢ˵ʱ䣬һҪ͸ȫĺǡȻҲ͸ȫļҳǣڴ
Ϣһ˲߳
ļҳڿˣһרŴĹʫͿ֮󣬾Ѿǳϲ˷ˡ
²ֿۣôһϢ˷̶ܳȼֱĵӡ
˵ﵽʲôҳҲܹµõӦòд
רŴôĹʫͿģҪΪǴһƷ治֪Ӧö˵Щʲôˣ
֮ǰġ־ʮΪʲôƷԼһεЩʫͿϣܹóǳӺǵĽ⣬ǵĺʱʵ̫ˡ
ΪǴƷԵķͬСɣʵ˷ǳڴ


ʥ塣
Ϊ׼һѾ׼ˣֻ׼ٷ
һǰͳͯɶеһƷټա
ǰټա롶־ǧġϳͳͯɶ
־֮ǰѾڸֵټաˡ
ҳΪǵʦȸеָеһΣҪĺǣʺĶƷ
ټաҪƷ֮һ
ǰټա˶֪ûмܹı
Ȼ˶ȫټաͷһ䡰Ǯȴ˶֪ġ
ٺһ䡰֣֪Ҳܶࡣٺ桰֪˾Ҫٵöˡ
ٵ棬֪ԽԽ١
ټաⲿƷԼͷһ䡰ǮǼ˶֪ġ



ڶǧһٰʮ ԡΪʲôڵһ
ǮǰģĸΪʲôǰģ
Ǹܶ˶Ȥ⣬롶ټաⲿƷĳʱйء
ǰټաγڵԽ
γʵ۵ϡԡԽϡǮϵϡԼƹϡΪټաǰλ
˵ٷ֮ٵȷǧʱ˵ϡ
ڣټա֮ҲǣΪʲôҪ
Դˣ׼ͣⶫȻҲûͣƾʱĵλҲȫԲͣҪۺͲ²⣬Ƕ¡
ô顶ټաУϵǰϡ
Щ档

֮
ټաĸ巢ѧ䣬ѧͨ緢ԼƷ
ȻҲԼֱӷһ֮󣬻Ǿ
ΪӰ󣬶ΪƷͨá
ѧ񿴵ʼ֪֮ǰ˵ģ͸ǵϲڴ
ȲĽļһʱ򿪡
ټա
ƷѧټաйصƷ𣿡
ٿģȻˡ
Ǯ֣

ʩš
ײϻκս
лˮ¡

ΪټҡټҡȻֻһ¼ԶԶֻһٸǼ˻еϡ
ټա˵һǳ򵥵ƷͰеһ𣬸ʵѺһ䣬˶ѡ
ѧ񽥽֣ⲿƼ򵥵ƷƳ֮Чϵĺá
ڻһЩʲôЧѧҲȫȷȰⲿƷ֮˵
Ʒ࣬һǧ֣ǳ㡣
ǣѧùҽʽ繫ⲿƷ
ˣȻѾ
ڣڵȵˡ
ټաԭһεƷɼе϶ɣ˵ĵһӦǾ治ѡ
ϾȻҲܹϳΪһƷԶ󿪣ĴҲΨܹ뵽
ңͻᷢⲿƷΪѺϣٴģȻʮиоڶһʫһоʫʫ⡣
ֻϵ϶ѣȻܹһڶһףʮʫʫһĸоνǻΪ档
ҳ̾ѡ֮ǰǴδϻϳٴ죬ʫֶ̾䡣
Ȼܹ볣֮룬ҳǾָп
ôⲿƷʺСĶ
𰸵Ȼǿ϶ġ
ͨĶⲿƷú˽⻪ϣʶЩ֣ѧϰЩֵдúǳűУԶǵļ
أֻҪҳʦԼһܹúȤȥеġ
һ˼ҳǵǿȤǾڡټաУȥѰԼġաĸλã
һ֮£ҽһ⣬ǾǡǮĸգΪʲôҪǰ棿
ǡԡΪʲôҪŵһ
ΪʲôҪԡһաӦðѡڵһλ
Ϊ˱ӰɡաҹһգҾáȷڵһ
ҾڵһӦòΪ˱ӣĳرĽѵΪѺϣƺܡ
ԲΪѺϣԭҪϸооʱ˿̣ЩԵǣطǳ˷ܺ;ϲȻǵڵһ
ԵȻϲǮǣҲͬеϲȻûһȴҲλеһֶ̾䡣
Ҳ˵ھ֪ѡԡڵһΪʲôأ
⣬ҪúõооӦнġ

ҳ۷׷ףʱ۵ģڵһġԡա
ԡձ࣬ǳ˭ڵһءȶסģȻڵһϡ
ΪʲôҪѡԡڵһǸ⡣
˳ŵģôԡڵһ϶зǳ˱ʾ
ҲԡȻҲǴգȫԵ˿Ųǰ壬ԡƾʲôڵһⲻǳ
ǣҪĻһķҡĪȫ˿࣬˵еҲաӦһ
ƺȷڵһ˭աءҡҲлᣬȫ˿δؾͻȡղ١
աաĵȷ࣬աšģҲδؾͻ٣ǡšҲлᡣ
ҲãҲãšҲãԣǡԡŲ˵һ

ͻôһܶ˻ԡԡһʾز
Ȼڣŵģȫһˡ



ڶǧһٰʮ ƹĻʱ
û˶ԡԡڵһʾеֻǷǳ棬ΪʲôҪѡԡڵһ
ֻ֪еԭ򣬶ɡԡƾʲôڵһ
ôѡԡڵһԭ򵽵ʲô
еļҳǶãһֵо⡣ȻʺϺȥоԼҲоԼӦоʲôȻ
˻ܹΪǽ
ܹΪǽˣȻҳǲȷǷ⣿
֮⣬ЩǣӦҲܹǵ⡣
һۣһߵҳǽ

ҳһܶǣ˼ѡԡڵһԭ
оͰλʷУ᯸ӡ
Ļӵİ칫ңѧ᯸͡
ѧ˵ϡϣڡټաУԡΪʲôһ⣬ĹעǵԤ֮⣬Ҳ֮СҺȻ֣һƹǻУĻһξѻᡣ
ӵͷȷˡ⣬ȻҲСһƳټաһҪĿġټաȷΪǴƷСдⲿƷĿģֻΪúǣ˽ǻЩϣ
᯸Һ֮ǰʲôʱҪʼƹռһǹҵĻʼûҵʵĻᡣϾҪôͻȻϸȤһΪѵ顣ûжϲȤǿƹĻЧȻԣһֱûҵᡣڣСѵⲿټաһνǵĴæʱѾ֡
ѧԭϡд˼ƻϵܵⲿټաֵĿνʱû뵽һټաȻѵʱˡҲϵܵƷ˵ƷĻЧƾûôˡΪʱ֮Ի֣ΪǿҺҪ֪ԡΪʲôܹڵһҪôֻҪ֪ԡΪʲôܹڵһɡԡΪʲôܹڵһ֮ˣǷϵĪ
ӵˡȻʱѾ֣ôǱԴΪȫƹռĻ֮ǰҪΪҽСΪʲôҪԡڵһǹؼҲ
᯸ҵķСѰѡԡڵһпܵԭǺһйء
ӽӿڵǧһʼʡ
᯸ͷʼʡϰ߳ʼΪĻĴУԼصļϣжʼʵӮϡʼʱϺڣȷĳƷӦǡ+ǡ+ʼӮԣԣʼΪʵӺֻѾϰԳ֮Ϊˡϰ߹ϰߣӺĳνҲӦ֪
ѧԭˣǧһ۵ϣȷʸڵһһټաڵһġԡʵϣգԴΪĻƶ֮ЧȻˮɡ
᯸һЦ˵ˡСѸǴʵ̫ˡ
ӵȻԡڵһʼй˵ֻǵһֲ²⣬Сѵı⣬ǡⲢûйϵǲСѵı⣬Ƕ˲²⣬ʽĻƶ֮
᯸ʽˣҲСѻƳټաôһƷһҪԭ򡣡

ˣȻڻۡټա۵ģȻڵһġԡա
ҶۺͲ²⣬ѡԡڵһԭֻȥҲ۲Ȼ
ӣֻܵȴЩǣΪǽˡǴʱҹͬ
ǵȷܿ͵ȵˡ
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΢һ£Ѹϴе˶ˡ
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΢˵ʼÿ˶Ӧö˽⣬֪ӮҲ֪ΪԼĹͣʤ֮ǰۣ֮ʡ֮ۡɡʵۡĳƺţԳΪʼʵۡ
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᯸΢ͬڵһʱʹ磬ļҳһ˷ܣǸոնϵԴ˼Ȥ᯸ϾΪǽˣʵ̫ˡ
һǵôΪǽˡлϣѾȲˡ
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᯸Ľ⣬Ҳʽʼ



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᯸Ľʽʼ
˵ҹŴᣬʮָӣǷɢڸطÿطȺ֮ǣΪ˱໥ϵͽ㽥γ˾иصĴšϡ
صԴΪ˻ĻжصĹ屦
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աˡ
աһҪãڱвͬĺڲ֮ͬͨ顣
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ǽ֮ΪϹʱڰ˴ա
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۹棣յ˺٣ЩƧܶ˶ʶ֪ӦôѾε˵guiguiЩơڲ֪վȻϹʱڵİ˴֮һյԴͻȻ֮оţƵӡ
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սֻ֪ڹʱиţƵڲ֪ԭϹʱڰ˴֮һţƣţƣ

˴յļҳ˷ܲѣ˴ڽ춼Сˣ棡榡ӮuЩƧϣû뵽ЩϣȻϵϣġǧʷˣЩյļҳǣ˲оԼ̫ţˡ
ȫǳ˷ܡ
᯸Ľ⣬ڼ
ո˵ˡաԴ˵˵ϡԴ
յķ֧ݱ
Ƕ֪ԭʼʼĸϵᣬչ˸ϵᡣ
ΪĲϷչΪǿ׳ԣΪҪߡ
ڸϵᣬǵˮƽߣ˵ƽҲӳټ˿ڳʴߣ½ʹòе˿ԽԽ࣬ڵȻ̬֧Ÿ˿ڷչ
ˣһǨ㵽˶µĲ䡣
ԭͶµĲ䣬ͬգ
ΪЩͬղ䣬ڡաĻϣһµƣǡϡ
ϱˡ
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˺רָ졣
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ġϡֻǲʸϡ
Ȼϵĳ֣Ҳвͬ˵
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ᷢչıȻ
֮˸ߵ͹֣֮Ǿͽūƽ˹壬ūɡ
ʱһЩΪ˱ʾԼЩūƽĲͬԼּ֮һϡ
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УŮӳơաӳơϡ˵
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պϣģ׶Ĳ



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᯸Ӷ˻ͨ;Ϸ֪ʶиϸĽ
ļҳ˵᯸ֻǽһţǸеͬʱ־δ
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ǧʱϲϵķչ࣬˽죬м¼ϣѾǧ
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ΪԼͺӶĻǫ飬ʵNɪĻشڼˣҲͱٸհɡ滹ٸգҲ֪ʲôʱȫꣿںһ㣬ܹİٸհɡС϶ǺãֻҪȥǣЧٲҲȥȻҪŬС֪ҵĺӣܹٸˣ
ҼҵĺӰаɣܹİٶաܹ౳ôʮա
֮ǰļҳһҲôǱһ౳һЩôأҪӰѾˡ
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֮ӦģĻ֪ʶҲͬҽֵ֮ǰδ˽Ϸ֪ʶǣϷ֪ʶѾģ

ӡ᯸ѧ˿޲ϲѣĻڴڵʼѿˡ
ǿʼԺĻһԽԽռ
ΪټաԭڵĺǶѾʼ˽Ļˣ˸еϲ顣
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᯸ЦȷӦȥʥתһתˣ˵ģеʥʳˡȻֳľǣҲܹԵũׯʳģ֪ΪΣܸоûũׯԵڡ
ѧһЦ˵ϡϣǳǸǰȥʥתתϵһٷǷ˾˼ļƷζ
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ʥ塣
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٣˵Ľˡ
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ʵĵȴһѵʱ

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ڴ̾һʱƺҲ̫ðı仯ô֮󣿡
᯸Ҳͬп˵ֻ˵ԵũׯķչٶȣԶĻҪöࡣֻǴܱߵı仯֮ˣı仯ֻ¸󡣡
׼ӻȴһ˵òı仯ȷı仯Ȳ˵˵ũׯĹģϴʱѾֹ
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Ŷ֣ࡢͬʱŶһ֮Ц֪æ˲Ե޹ʵĹɶ£
ӵģСƳټա֮ǷСͨټաѧϰֵЧʣҪͨʽЧʸ߳١ڼ䷽ҲһģǱСټաٶȣҪȱ¿ϲ١
֣ͷµĵȷġ
Ӽټա֮ԻЧԭԣҲܼ򵥣ǾǺǷǳԸȥȥдȥ䡶ټաҲ˵ټաܹúǲǿҵĶȤں˵ǶʲôȤĻѧϰٶȣȷǳĿٺ;ˡ
ֵ֣˵ͷ˵ȷҪúʲô֪ʶ߼ܵĻܹǲȤǾѾɹһ롣෴Ƕĳ֪ʶͼܲȤѧϰЧͻǳ
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֣ǸСӴƷЧӦõȷ᲻һ
ӵԣιСѵǷȤôһƷ



ڶǧһپʮ Ҫѧϰдʫ
֣˵СӦûȤģںӽƷǸСǷǳĵġ
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᯸ͷ˵ˡ
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ӡ᯸Щп
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״ʮ塢ӣ۾Ц˵Ӧþˣ㿴صĻҶǲǺ
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Щ죬˵ô㶼ᱳ𣿡ѡҲᱳ
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ӡ᯸֣ࡢȫʮϲ
ϲ֮˼УǸ˵ûддʫƺȷṵ̂
֮ǰҪһߺд鼮Ҳֻߺķд
ʫʸ踳дߵȻãҲֻϣѡ
дʫҪĲ飬鲻ȥĶʫʣһĶ֮ӦҲǿдʫ
дʫ˵㡣
˵дʫҪĲ飬ֻߴĶ˼޷Ӧôдʫ
ǸСҪʧˡ
ӡ᯸֣ࡢ˾÷ǳź
Ƭ̣֣˵ǿСӣûа취дʫȻǾûа취ǸСҲûа취
ӵСѻа취𣿡
֣ЦĻУҪ֪ϺʲôܹסǸСӡ
ӵ֣һ˵ͻȻоϣˡ
֣֮ȻֱǸСӾͿˣÿ
Цãǲ
Сִ˺һ֮뿪С֣Եӵķȥ
ҪԵӵʱ֣һЦ˵Ҿ˵пܻǸСӰɡ
ҲЦǿЩȥ
ǰ治Զյţ֣ࡢ˿ʱҲˡ
Ҳ첽ˡ
ӡ᯸ӣ⣬֮ǰڵ绰Ӿͱʾ⼸ʱܻһˡ
ˡ
߽֮ЦϡϣӭӭҾ˵ôԭǶˡ
ӡ᯸Ⱥк֮ЦС⻰ǲӦñֳõӣ
⣬ͺá
󣬼ֺ˵Цһ
֮ӡ᯸˰Ҫæ˵ˡ
ŶߺдƷ˵
ӵͷǡ⣬֪Сѿа취ʫԣдʫ
ʫԣдʫΪλĴ㣿
ӱ֮ǰСǶԸ֮ĶԻһ˵ˣֱʾʵԭҲ뷨
ʵϣֻСǣܶĳʵҲѧϰдʫԣȻѾִᣬʫʡִͳѧʽǳϲˣʵǳĶࡣ
ȫشССʫϣܹó
Ϊϲʫʡ˷ǳ࣬ȫزܻôʫ硣
ңȫشССʫʢᡢʢᣬҲǳ֮࣬ھС
ʫЭҲ᲻ڣٷٰһЩСʫʢᣬ֮ǰĽϹʫʢһ
Ҳǳʫʢϣ磬۾ǧŵʫѡճ£
ʥÿ죬ٰ֯ʫʻᣬֻ߶ᣬÿһζǳ֣μӵ˺ܶ࣬ж˶ǴӺԶĵط
ʫסܸоر˼ȪӿܹдһЩԼˮ׼ʫֻ߶һЩԼƽʱԶԲĶӡ
ʫʡʢУҪѧϰʫԵˣȻͷǳĶࡣ
ԣܹа취дʫʫԵĻľֻЩСǣȫжʫʡȤˡ
ߺд˳㻹ܽʫԵƷ𣿡ĥţôһƷ
ԭڡټա֮ҸƳǧġڿǿԸıһ¼ƻˡ
Ƴǧġ֮ǰƳһƷ
ǶԶʫʡȷʮֵƫҲȷзǳˣҪдһֺʫһֺöԡ
ȻҪдʫöԣȷҪĸߵĲ츳츳ʵǲҲǲԶ
ǰһ仰ʫףʫҲ˵ıͨŬҲǿʫġ
ֻ˵ģҪдһ׺ʫһöԲѣҪдʫĶԣǾͼˡ
дʫĶԣȷҪ츳ôŬҲͽ͡
ںܶ˵ǲҪдʫĶԣֻҪдʫĶԾͿˡ
ͿͨŬʵˡ
ôһõĽϰƷԵ÷ǳҪˡ
Ȳ˵ⲿϰƷҪ˷ǳĸȤȤȥȥѧϰ
ʫףʫҲʫҪȤȥǡ
Ȼ١ֻһ˵ֻ׾͹ˡ
ʫܹ˲Ȥô˵ףƾǶǧףףҲûʲôãʫģǲʫ
ԣһõĽϰƷȱһǳҪǰᣬǾܹ˲㹻Ȥ



ڶǧһپʮ ھһʫ
ӡ᯸֣ࡢ˶ڵȴĻش
ĥƬ֮˵취ҲûС
ӡ᯸˾ǰһ˵Сѣʲô취
һƷһܹߺдˮƽƷҲܹ̺ǣԼЩҪѧϰʫԵˣʫԵƷ
ŶæСѣܹܹʫԵƷ
ЦҲȷЩЧ
һЦ˵Сһ˵Ҿÿ϶ЧСѹȻа취
᯸ҲͬϲԽ˵Сѵ˼ǣдԼʫ⣬ֻҪͨͬһƷܹʵ𣿡
ͷ˵ûȷֻһƷ͹ˡ
֣һƷʵܣСȷûҪ֪ҪͨƷʵ֣һǰᣬǾƷһҪܹ˸ȤڣֻҪһƷ˵СӣǴˣҪⲿƷȤ⡭û⣿
ûġȻҲ˵û⣬һûġվҪͨгļ飬ܲͨгļ飬ǶԳһ
֣ͷ˵⵹ҲǡҶСĵġ
Цлл֣ϣԼҲӦûԡ
ȷģϾҪƳⲿƷҲͬǰгʱ֮ľƷ
ûûЧ
Ҳȷܰٷ֮ٵĿ϶ҲȷҪͨгļ顣
ӵСѣ㴴һƷҪ೤ʱ䣿
೤ʱ䣿һʱɡ
ֻҪһ죿ӡ᯸֣ࡢ˼Ȳ죬־ƺ
С۴ʲôƷٶȶǳ֮죬˵ֻҪһʱ䣬ӦõȷѾ㹻ˡ
пʵ벻ףʥﵽһˮȻܹľš
絽ȥԷȻȻӦʡӡ᯸˻׼һʳģ˵ǽθڿܻȽϺá
Ǿ̰֮ˣʥʳҲԵֵסջ
һЦʾķһ⡣
뿪ȥ׼ʳˡ
뿪֮ӡ᯸˵֮ǰãȻܹһʫԵƷ൱ڴ
᯸ЦȻС˵ֻҪһʱ͹ˣһλܹңƷɵĵһʱ䣬ⲿƷˡ
ӵͷȷˣ͸ڴˡ
ŶһβȥҴˣҪһˣ
᯸ϼҲ޷ʲôôã뿪
֣Ц⻹ѵˡȻһʱԣǵǿȥһɽˡϴ뿪ʱ򣬲˵뵽ɽϣȥһ𣿡
ӵǵȷģȥɽҲǴеĿ֮һٳˡӴ桷ⲿƷģʥɽɽϵܲȥ
᯸ȷˣһʱΪʱϵûüȥɽźһҲźˡ
ȻˣǳԹ緹ͳΣȷǳǳʺϵǶɽ
ӡ᯸ͬʱͷʾͬ⡣
ΪҪȥԷԭҲͲԵӶȥ׼ڴתת㵽˵ʱ򣬾ȥԷ
İţ

Ѿ׼һʳģڳæµҪ³
ʱһɫζȫĲ˳ɹ¯
Ҫʱӡ᯸֣ࡢ߽Ժӡ
ϣֲƷʮַḻӡ᯸ͬǽθڣҲȷĺãðĳȥ˲ٵĶ
˵Ҫȥɽһ£ʾһȥ
ӵСͬȥȻٺòˡֻǣСѲҪƷ𣿻᲻ᵢˣ
ЦˣⲿƷҵļƻ࣬ҵʱ㹻ˡңⲿƷҪǹ˼ɽʱҲԹ˼
ӵͷСѵı£ȷСȥɽСͬУػ˼öࡣ
Ըԡ
ʵϢ֮׼һЩˮʳӡ֣һ߳ԺӣŶɽڴȥ

ͬʱһĶʫᣬڴϪˮ߾С
һǹٷʫᣬٰ췽ʡǵʫ硣
ֳ˲ʫʫʰǣдοΧۣ֡
ʫÿһνǳƵÿһοΧۡ
ҪԭһΪοÿ춼ǳࡣ
򣬴ҶʫʶٶһЩϲ
ټʫϣһ㶼вμֳдʫ֮ıƴǳ˼οȻԸۿ
ڽеһȻҲ⡣



ڶǧһپʮ һ
ʫϣǰμʫʫʰߺܶ࣬ÿһʫʰߣֳдʫʡ
ʵϣֳдʫʽбʫʰߣǺٵһ֣ʫʰǣֻǲͶƱ֮Ļڡ
ǲдʫʣǲд
ǵȻҲֳдʫʣֳôˣԼдʫܹͣǽǳĳʣԼҲΪȫĽ㡣
ָоֻ룬ͷǳ
κǼȲдʫҲʡǿдһףȻҲԣԼȥκ˼ó֣
óֵʫ̫ǵҲΪȫĽ㡣
ֻĽǱ˿Ц˵Բȵȡ
ûԸַʽΪȫĽ㡣
ʱһλʫʰԡϪˮΪģֳдһʫȲʡ
ǰμʫʫʰߣΧ۵οǣȫںȲʣֱСдãԺȻܹΪһʫ˵ȵȡ
ΪС緢Цһ˱ʾлһǫıʾ˵̫ˣʫʵһ㣬ۡ
СȻǫ飬һɵɫȴôҲβס
ֳͬдʫʵʫʰǣﰵģһҪдһױСӵʫõʫСӵķͷ
ЩûֳдʫʵʫʰǣһĽĿСӣСһǳˬɣ
ҲСһ緢ΪȫĽ㣬κʵֻĽʵķݡ
ûֳдʫʵʫʰǣﶼһε̾Ϣ
ĽСʫдĺãҲܹдʫͺˡ
ǰĽϧдʫ˵ֻҪȥʫоʫԼûʲôдʫ츳ҲܹͬдʫΪѾôʫҲодʫֻǿдһףԼϡ
дʫЩҪ츳ɣôŬҲûʲôԵЧ
ܰɡֻǸоǳĲİĺϲʫʣҪԼдһ׺ʫȻϿɣȻʼķΧǳСҲˡָоһǳ
ֻ㣬ҲԸȫʫʰǣضԸŬɣŬ֮гЧ
ŬҲһֱŬܸоҲŬķ򣬲֪ӦŬܹһܹдʫʵ鼮ͺˡ
дʫʵ鼮оͺˣôܻ鼮дʫҪԼȥо˽ǽ̲˵ġʵЩʫʣ൱ǽдʫʵ鼮ʫʡܹʫʵʮ֮һǶԼдʫʡϧʫ̫ˣѾ÷ǳ͸ˣҪģһȴܡ
ʫǾͱȥģˣ˵ǣЩѾʫˣ޷ģ¡ʫʻȻɣ˿˹ĺۼע޷ģµġ
˵Ҳǣ˵ܹдʫʣǸжã
ûа취̵ģдһʫһ׺ôʣ˵ǳԷ˯һ򵥣ộôѧ
Ҳԣụ̂ҲûѧʲôʱԼдһףܹùȥʫ
һŬɣһӦÿԵġ
ԸһܹЩ

ʫֳЩдʫʵʫʰǵ
ʵϣֳֻЩʫʰȫʫʰǣ
ϲʫʣԸԼܹдʫʣϿɣķΧǳСҲ㹻ˡ
κλΪ츳޵ԭдʫʡ
дһʫʣֻܳΪǵ롣
Ǿ룬ܹдʫʣǸжã
Ҳ֪뷨ֻͺˣûܹдʫʣû̡
ǻǾţǲԼŬǲ֪ԼӦŬ
ʵϣ֪ܹдʫʣҲҪԼŬȥо
ָֻܹŬķ

ͳѧʽУʫ֮⣬Ҳͬϲá
ʫʰҲǶߣͬǣʫҲͬȤ
ֻʫʰǸƫʫʣǣƫڶˡ
ȫؾлСʫʻᣬȻҲͬлСĶᡣ
ЩʱʫʻͶҲٰ죬дʫʣֳԡ
ʥҲͬжᡣ
ʱڴӶİɽ£һͶʢڽС
μӶߺܶ࣬Χ۵οͣҲͬܶ࣬ʫʻǱߵοͻҪһЩ
οǶڶʢȤʫʻỹҪһЩ
ΪһúòãûܹԳԳô
Щһʫʵĺû˼һЩ



ڶǧһپʮ ֳ
ϣһӸ˵·ϣżһھд
ãðдӻ˵ܱ꣬һкõ
ǶߣΧ۵οͣȫڽкá
ܶԾԾԣ˶׼һɹԳߣɻΪȫĽ㣬ܴҵĳĤݡ
һЩο͵ҲЩɧҲͬԳһͷ
˵ҪҲǳ˷ܣдҲܹͬΪȫĽ㣬дúãдҲܹͬӮó޺Ĥݡ
Ǿ˶дóġ
ھȫĽ㣬˵Ŀⶼϣſ׻дһ
ʣȻëʣдòãҲѿǿۡ
Ϊ³档д
ϡ³棬ҲҲȷ˵һֳ档ȻжҲƵֳкһƬ
ãΪ
ȷʵһԳ

˵ĸоѣܶ˶оԼӦܹԵó˷ܺͽš
ȷѶԣֳЩʫʰǣԼο˵ҪԵúãԵȴҲûôס
ʵҲȷˣ˺һƬ֮Ҳû˶Գ
оԼԵóˣ˷ֽܶŵˣڶû˭ܹԵóӣ
Ƿǳڴ
д֮ҲЦܹԳԳʱԽԽ˷ܡ
ΪԳʱ֮ڣʼնȫĽ㣬ԳʱԽΪȫʱԽҲԽܹ֤öԡ
ȺΧҪȥǶɽӡ᯸֣ࡢˣʱվµڴŵ׻᲻˶Գ
ǽɽıؾ֮·߽ʱ򣬸պÿǸдͣ㿴˽֮ߡ
˵õȷһҪԳǲ̫ס
ӡ᯸˲ԶǶҪԳҲҪһЩʱ䡣
֣ࡢȴǶ֣һĥѾ
֣ЦȷҪԳȴҲס
ҡͷ֣ˣӦҲԳˡ˵Һֻܸʰ·硣
֣ȷѾٶҲûСӿ졣
ЦСӦøͶԳˡ
˵Ҫ֣ϡǣôһҲˡ
СهNɪ֣ࡢͬʱЦ
֣ࡢ˶ԳǶ׼ǰȥдֳ˶Գˡ
ԶһЩ˵˵˼˵ĶС
û治ΪʲôҾ벻أ
ЩʱһˣһʵܴǸ˵Ķˮƽжߡ
˵Ϊʲô˼ܹһȴ⣿һⶼû˵ʵǺͶˮƽйϵҪһĶˮƽˣпܻ
⵹ҲǣһֻһãʵվһϵġȻǲͣİƣҲһ
˵˼дһһˮ׼ġĽҲдκдܹһרŽд鼮ͺˡ
д飿ûɣô顣
֪ûУ˵оͺˡĻ֮󣬻Ҳܹдõ
Ǳˣ鼮ġôʱˣȻû˶ԳƼ򵥣ʵȴѶȡ
ӵȷˡǶ֮һҲϲԭ֮һ
ȷˡ

ĶԻ˵Ȼ˶ˣϲִͳѧʽʵ˾ο
᯸дһ׺ʫһֺ⻹˵ԸСѣһƷʽ档
ЦҵƷٺãվҲģҪдʫҵƷİҲͬҪĿ̿ŬС
᯸ͷȻ
ֹһֳ֮˹ЦҶԳˣԳˣڶԳˡ
˶Գˣ˶˵֮ˣһ۾Сӡ
Щڿ˼ˣ˵ѾԳˣȫǳź̾ϢһվǱˡ
һѵĶӣ˻áôһѶԣǾĶԳĶӱˣǾ൱Ŀϧźˡ
Щû˼ˣǳ˷ܣ˶ԳˣϲģܹԳ
СӣʲôϽдǿǶȲˡ
ǣǣСӣдɡ

˷׷״ߴ۾СӿдҲЦ˵ȻλֵѾԳˣǾλֵˡ



ڶǧһپʮ Ҫߺǵд
˷׷״ߴ٣ֵ˷ܶڴ
ԳСӳΪȫĽ㣬˷ܣȴľһ̡
ʾ֭˶Զϲ֮⣬ΪܴʱֳΪȫĸоĽ˻
˺һƬ֮󣬲дԼ
ǽ񡣡
һֳʱΪҵĻȻܶ˶ԲǲжԵú벻ã
ô֮Ե÷ǳ
裬ҲǴ㣬衱Ϊ³棬ʮֹҲʮ
СӶԵúð
СӸɵƯ
˲Լ׷׽кãСӸ˷ܣܱȭʾл
Ŵʱ޵СӣЩ֮ǰ˼õˣĽְա
Լôû뵽ܼ򵥰ԼӦõŶ
ֻϧٰҲˣһεķѾСˣֻڴԼһܹһԳˡ
Ȼ˶Գ֮⣬ҲԳʣҲܹͬΪ㡣
֮ǰǸһ
ϧöԣҲ׳Ҫһõ˵ȶѡ
ܶ˶ԾԾԣҪһκû뵽õֻĿű˳ͷ
ʱҲ룬Ҫһõôôأʲô鼮ܹ˳ͺˡ
ȺΧ֣˵ԵõȷһЩˣѾĸߵĶס
ѳҲóˡ
ӡ᯸ͬʱͷ˵Ǿ߰ɡ
˴ȺΧ뿪ɽڽ

СǵдһúܶʦͼҳǶͷ۵⡣
ʦ˵ѧдЦԷǣƫƫֲȥѧǡ
ϾѧͻСдҲ
ңѧǵдãЩʦĽ̵ٶЩϵǲһζȥѧ
ֻǣ˸ְ취ѧǵдЧ̫롣
˵ѧǵ⣬ܶʦ;ͷۡ
ĳСѧļʦʱͷۡ
һλʦİһοԵģһģһεҡͷ
ʦʦʦ˵Ҫܹúǵдõߣ
λʦͬʱεҡҡͷֱ˵
оַԹˣʼûʲôЧѰҲֻеȺǳһЩ֮󣬲ܹ߰ɡ
ǳһЩʱдȷӦߡǸʱ򣬴ҵдˮƽԽԽҲͬ˷ǳͷֻۣ»ԽԽۡ
ȷܻԽԽۣʲô취أֻûа취ȫضһġ
ԣʦ˵һϴѵˡЩƿߺд鼮һúõĺܣ˵ʲô֤һصģʵûʲôЧ
˭˵أ⵹˵Щ鼮дĲãѧǵվ̫СˣЩûá
ͷ۰

ʦͷۣҳҲͬͷۣҲ֪ԼĺһЩ֮дǿ϶ߵģȻļ
˭Լӵдܹأ
ҳǾϽԼӵѧϰǵдᱻἰ
ûܹдƼҪȷȷʵʵܹдġ
ⷽ鼮Ǻܶ࣬Ҫ˵жãȴá
Ҳһⷽ飬˺ܶ౾ҵ۶ã˵ûʲôáҶ֪һˣ
ͷۣҹֻܹȵǳһЩ֮ȻȻдˡ
Ŀǰֻˡʵ仹Сдܹ⣬֪ΪΣͷۺļ
ģϾԼĺ
ǰԼĺӡ


ʥ塣
ӡ֣һѾ˰ɽվΪ׳۵ǰ
ӡ᯸ΧŸת˺üȦԽԽǸֲ̾ùôһһ˵
ǧ֮ǰոսɵʱһĳ־޴ãʱǣԵ޹ʵܵɽôһ
ȻĳִãйڸĴ˵ҲͲΪˡ
ڼ˰ɽӡ᯸ˡ
Ȼ֮⣬ɽطķ羰ͬǳ̿Ⱦָİƺֱö˸п
ɽϴ˺ܳʱ֮һ˲ſʼɽ
ɽµʱɫѾڣɽ¾еĶᣬҲѾˡ
صԹ鷿򿪵ԡ
׼һƷˡ
ţǲƷһǳܻӭ



ڶǧһپʮ ɡ
׼ҪдһƷǰͬƾɶ֮һɡ
ɡһѵͯӦԣϸɵɶ߾ֻǺͯеˡ
ҪѧϰдʫʣԣֻҪԼдˣȥѧϰȥɡ
ı㹻ʱ򣬾Ե
Ϸֱ࣬ġľޡȵʵӦԡӵֶԵ˫ֶԣֶԡֶԡֶԵʮһֶԣЭϿڡӵֵֵĲԣʫ裬СӣҲкǿȤȥ
ʵϣڰ鼮һǳҪǰᣬǾһҪúȤȥ
ֻкǸȤˣⱾ鼮ܹİǡ
ϾǲȳˣǶѧϰǱġǲˣҪѧϰĳּܣֻҪĳּܣӦ鼮ʮֿζҲֵܹѧϰȥ
УһƷǲȤǾܼȥѧϰȥУȥ
Щд鼮˵ǱдĲã޷úǶǲȤ
ǲȤȻȥܺѧϰȻЧˡ
ʵЩ鼮ı༭ǣҲһ㣬ҲǵƷȱҪúǲȤпİд
ҲŬȥúǶǵƷȤϧЧʼղôáԼѾоǳΪСһǳȤˡϧг֤ȻûʲôȤ
ûȤǵȻҲ԰ﵽˡ
ҲǳƺΣѾǳȤ˰ΪʲôСǲϲأ
ʵǲ֪ҪƷǲпܻȤ
ȷǸ⣬ˣЩ鼮ں˵ʼʲôá
ɡĽ⣬ʫѺϵ䣬һܹúǲȤ
ԴŲɡ
ˣⲿƷܹúʻ㡢޴ǵȵȷ棬õǿѵֻѧдʫʣγԣ
УƷĴʣܹúȥ˽ʣ˽ʷԺдʱ򣬻õʡ
Ȼڳ˵Ҳһġ
ⲿƷͯԳˣһԾɷƷ
ƷΪÿһַΪʮԪƷȴࡣ
ܿͽƷȫ˳
ȫ֮˳еļΣоǳ
֮û֪ͨӡ᯸֣ࡢ˹Ǵȵٸǿ
Ե̫ˣôżӰƷѾ¯ˡ

ڶϡ
ӡ᯸֮ԺǡÿЩȲʵСѣƷ׼ôˣ
Ѿдˡ
ѾдˣֻҪһϣӡ᯸˾ϲԽæ˵ڿɷǿһ
ЦȻ
ӡ᯸˸鷿򿪵ԣϸոõġɡĵ
˵ӡ᯸ѾյʾǰȲոմ򿪵ĵϿ
ЦЦҲͲ˵õһߣλӡ᯸ˡ
Ͼһ
ƶ꣬ѩԷ磬նաȥ࣬档
߽뱱Խ˼Ϲ㺮̣һ԰ӻ졣
޷˪;֮ͣһ꣬Ϫ̡֮

ֻһΣӡ᯸˾۾ɫΪϲһЩ֣˶ľ衣
һȫΪһϣϡ
νϣָǡĸҲǡong
һʾǶУƽеĵһϲ
滹СʾǶУƽеĵڶϲ
һЭϿڣʫ裬ӡ᯸ھϲ̲֮࣬סֱӶ
ֻ֣жᵽеİζ
ڡһ֮󣬽ǡ
ģԶĺĶԳӡɽˮԲɡ

֮ǡ֮ǡ֧΢㡱ȵȡȵȡ
ӡ᯸ԽԽϲԽϲǣԶһ֮󣬶оΪ档
ϸϸƷĻֻ½Ϊ档
ҪǣЩ־ѺϣϿڣʫ裬СǣҲǳȤ
ֻҪСܹȤǽҪðˡ
ⲿƷһʱüҳʦǣ޲ߵһ⣬ǾҪӭжˡ
Щдʫôʣдܶ˵ǵԸҲʵֵĿܡ
ӡ᯸Խ룬Խá



ڶǧ ò˼飬ַǳڴ
֮ӹЦСѣⲿƷȻԽдʫԡңֻǽдʫô򵥡˵κ˶ⲿƷԴ档ֻĴСˡңովôԵĶһ飬ҲһĸоϸϸжĻֻ󡣡
᯸Ҳ˵ȷġⲿƷһ˶˶档ڼе˶Ϊдʫ޷̵ģҲûⷽƷڣ˵ҪıˡдʫҲãҲգǶǿԽ̵ġ˲𣡡
˿ޣĵȻǰľƷȻ˲á
ȴ˵ϵ̫ˡⲿƷûãҪͨгļ顣
ӵͷ⻰ȷȷҪгļ顣ҿԾԱ֤ⲿƷгļ顣
᯸ҲȷˣƷ޷ͨгļ飬Ǿʵ̫ˡڵǣСѴƳⲿƷ
ϵ˼أ
᯸ⲿƷҪĹǽдʫԣԼдôΪùʫЭǱߣ͹ҽƳⲿƷȻСֱƳҲǿԵġ
ƷҾͲֱƳˡʫЭͽƳɣֱƳá
᯸ͷҲá
ӵϵͺ᳤ǣǶǳ˷ܡСѼ̡ټա֮ô͸һݴ񡣡
᯸Цǿ϶ġ

ѧȷʮֵ˷ܣڽӵĵ绰ϣ˵ģܹߺǵдܹдʫԣȻƷû⣬û⣬ͰţͰšȵȡȵȣϣ鷳ھͽɡĵҵ䡣ڰڣ鷳ˡ
˵绰ѧϲòѣ̡ټա֮ôָһ˾޴ľϲ
ߺǵдҳͷۣʦͷۣǽͬͷۡ
Ǹۡ
ΪЩųƿд鼮ʵȴûʲôԵЧüҳǶǽ΢ʣΪǽûмܺãʲô鶼гۡ
ǽеǳΣЩдʵǾûġ
û飬ǲܲ˼ϼۡ
ֻЩҲȷʵЧ󣬼ҳ΢ʣҲܹ⡣
ҲΪܹ⣬ͷۣҲϣЩܹкõЧκκǾǲϲʲô취
ڣ˰취Ӵ֮󣬾ͿԲΪͷۣѧβ˷ܣ
Ȼѧе˷ܵģǺǵдܹõ鱾
ǹҵδúǸãٵĳɳΪҾܶģ˲ţǽҲҪΡ
ڣǵдпܵõǾͺпúܶĺӣ˶ɳΪ˲š
ѧβ˷ܣ
Ѿţ͸ĵݴˣѾʵǲ֪αʾлˡ
ֻʵñʾлҶôˣϵҲôãһٱʾлͼ˲ǡ
ѧ˷ܵţѾɡĵ˹ѧˣϽ䣬ѡءɡĵ
ѾǶʱڣƷˡ
ʮＫΪڴĸо

ʫЭᡣ
Ҹոս᯸ͨȲЩŵģ԰סԪ˵ϰסոϴ绰˵СӸոմһԽдʫԵƷ
ԽдʫԵƷסԪͬʱһ㶣дʫҲԽ
׵᳤ȷû
ҵȻˡҲЩ˼飬ȻндʫԵƷ
Ԫǵ⣬ȷܻƷС˵ǿɾͲһˡ
ҵͷ֮˵ϾͰǲƷĵҵ䣬ȿ˵
סԪͬʱ˵ͷǳڴ
ȻǵĵһӦǣⲻܰɣôܻƷ
ƷԻ˷ܲѡ
ԸǣʫʡЩͳѧʽִܹᣬӵĲԻ͡
ҪӵĲԻͣǾͱҪӿֳʫˡˡߡ
ֻаٻţܹӵĲԻֻͣеЩʫˡˣߣԶԶġ
ʫɽǲ
ҪָʫˡˣߣٻŲС
ֻϧʫˡˣߣô׳ֵġ
ȻкܶˣΪʫˡˣߣдʫôʣԳֻ뷨ԶԶġ
һʫˡˣߣ˵ΪܹΪġ
ڣܹдʫԵƷ֡
ôӿֳʫˡˣߵĻᣬɻࡣ
ԣҡסԪˣȻЩ˼飬ȴǳڴ



ڶǧһ һ֪ɣ
еڴУ᯸ɡĵ˹
ˣϲ˵ڵһʱ佫ĵ
Ѹٴ򿪣ͬʱĵϿȥ
һ۱۾һ濴տʼʱ˻ĬĬĿûж
ſţ˾ǲԾĶ
ңĽȲһ
ν˸ԶԵģ໥֮ȴȫûиţƺÿһ˶ֻԼ˶һ
⵱ȻҲʵȫȥ˵ʱ򣬱˵ԱڷǸ˷ҲȻ
ֻԼ
Ʒֲ࣬Ҳ̫٣˻˺һ֮󣬲Ⱥһ顣
֮󣬺ҹһЦ˵ϰסǸоô
׸ֵ̾ݲ£СҲܹ󲿷֣򣬵ȴƫƫһΪĸоЩ
Ԫſţ˲ԾĶƺֻжᵽеľһƷСܹҲܹͬ
ҵͷֵôΪⲿƷܹдʫ𣿡
׵Ȼܡңֻǽдʫô򵥣ⲿƷ͸еÿһ䶼ŪףддĲɣҲõܹ٣Ҫ˵ˡȻ˵ܹдʫһ㣬ΪҪġ
ԪСӻһܹдʫԵƷʵ⣬ƺⲿƷ֮Ǿͻӿֳһʫ˴ˡ
ҵЦȷˣʵһܵϢڣҪϽǱ߽ⲿƳһⲿƷ档
סԪͬʱͷһֵ˷ܺڴ顣

ҽʫЭƳһƷһ´Ʒɡ
ƣһܹдƷҲһдʫԵƷ
ߺǵдмҳʦǣΪĵһ⡣
ڽƳôһƷտʼʱ򣬼ҳʦʵ̫⡣
ΪⲢǽһƳⷽƷ֮ǰѾƳⷽƷ
ңֻһΡ
ҿǽƳƷʮֵϲΪȻǽƳƷǿ϶ǻЧġ
ǣ׷ѡԼĺӻѧȥѧϰ
ȻĽȴ˾ɥȷЩЧΪǿüҳʦǸе͸ˡ
һҲҳʦҲĺͲʲôϣˡ
ҲǼҳǶԽ΢ʵԭ֮һ˵ЩƷûʲôЧҲͰˣƳƷҲͬûʲôЧЩ˵ȥ˲ǡ
ûЧͲҪƳƳûЧ˰׸һǡ
ԣһνƳɡʱ򣬼ҳʦڸտʼ⡣
ҲǰһûʲôЧʲôģ
ܿ죬ʦͼҳǾͷˣһε֮ǰͬ
ΪһΡɡߣȻ
ղۣƷļҳʦǣʵ̲סһ䡣
Ҫֿڣʵ̫ϲˡ
ңϲ˵ͻȻһղۡ鲻Խѿڶ
ȻƷȻѸٱΪһ档
ʦͼҳȫ֮ǰ⣬ΪڼΪ˷ܺͼ
ȻǻûпⲿɡƷֻҪ˷ܺͼ
Щд鼮ûʲôãҳʦѾģҲٶͬƷʲôϣ
֮ǰڣҳʦǵѾȼŨŨϣӦ˵Ѿϣǰ
ΪһƷ
ֻϧҳʦǣʱֻ֪ɡʱݡ
Ϊҽ͹ʫЭţֻϷƳɡ
ôǼƳ
Ի˸ƳҪʲôʱȥ㵹ǿƳУʵ黹ǵӰ棿ҲҪ˵
ǣʵĻҺ׼ȥ鼮Ҫġ
ϣǵӰģ᲻ȥʵ飬ô
֪ϣǵӰġȻǵӰģʵ飬ϽƳҪġ

ϢϢĺϢ
ʲôĺϢ
㲻֪ҪƳһд鼮˰
Ŷ˵ǡɡɣ˵ˡֻǣ㲻ʲôϢɣ֮ǰֲûƳ鼮ûʲôáһιҲһ
һ֪ɡߣɣ
˭һȵȣ˵˭ղۣ𣿡
ȻԼȥһ֪ˡϢҪȫ
ղۣȻ⡭⡭
ʲôѽǾĺϢ𣿡
ȻԵľϢⶼǾϢǾûоϢˡ




ڶǧ ȥͷ
ҳǡʦǾϲ˷ܶڴһʫʰߣǣȻҲͬע⵽صϢ
ʼʱҲͬǺ⣬ڿߺȻ֮һоͱòһˡ
ҶʫЭϢϾҪƳһдʫԵƷˡЩʫʰߣǵĸԺ󰡣ǻлдʫʣֻǾĶ
Ҹո˵飬ɡɣȷһϢû˵ôŰɣдʫ飬ɲǿһͿԵġ
ֻ˵Ӧû˵˭ɣ
ҵȷ֪˭ҲŸո˵顣ôˣ˭ոյ˵йϵ𣿡
Ȼйϵ֪˭ĻͲΪҸոյ˵ˡ
ô棿˭
ϵˣʫ
ɡļٵģ
ȻˡȻΪΪʲôô˷ܣ
Ȼôոյ˵һ㶼ˡҪʼдʫʵ̫ڴˡ
һҪǵģֻдʫ򵥡֮ȿˡɡⲿƷ֮˵
ѾȲ

ԽԽ˿ʼȲȫڵŹڡɡһϢ
⣬ǹҽʫЭҪЧ
ʱ֮Ƴɡ
ΪƷ࣬һΣ֮ͬȻõӰʽƳ
ӰٶȣҪʵϲ֪ٱ
ȻʵҲҪƳġֻǡɡ֮ǰġټաҲͬƳʵ顣
ҲǴڵԸʵһؼأ鼮оǶʵио
ԣӰѾǰƳҶѾϤƷݣʵȴδػܵӰ졣
˵ʵ棬ζŴ롣
ֻǣڶЩѾˡ
ȻҲܾЩ롣
ɡʽƳƳǵӰ档˼ǵӰ֮󣬶һ
᲻ûǮȥʵ飬ǵʱ򲻵
Ҳ֪ⲿƷἫΪ˭Ҳܱ֤ܹڵһʱ򵽡
ǵӰãŶӲе˶ڵһʱͬʱ
еȵȲˣڵһʱ㿪ˡɡӰ档
ƶ꣬ѩԷ磬նաȥ࣬档߽뱱Խ˼Ϲ㺮
¥Ը󣬻Դ޺ԳѶޥʣжG಼ᣣʹԽסİ𢣬ڸҰ䣬ʧɱ̡죬ûƻӯ
޶Уʵ飬Թ顣̴컧㳵Ȼ¿߮㡣ֽ뱫壬硣ؽ¸Ľ顣δڣ֮ȷ̫ܺμˮ֮桭
һ֮ʦͼҳǱø˷ܣЩʵ̫ˣһǧŵʫ衣
ں˵ʱ޷еݣҲûйϵʲôȥ룬ֻһһĶЩ֣㹻ʱдһõߡ
ôһ⣬ǾЩǷܹúǣȤһһȥ
Ƕ֮󣬾ûȥĶȤôЩּҲûʲôá
ʦͼҳΪӦȤһһ鷴ȥĶġ
ôһ¾֪ˡ
ϴѧУ
һڿεϿ𣬽ѧѸٻصȴʦǰ
ϴڰ칫ѧĵģʦ߽˽ңһڿĿΡ
ʦճ¡
һڿΣʦʱıԭڿμƻҪȽѧǶһɡ
ʦЩ˷ܣҲǳڴ
ǰڰ칫⼸ʦ۹ѧд⡣
ʱʦʾ뵽İ취ȫԹˣûʲôԵЧЩܹߺд鼮ҲͬûʲôЧ
ѾˣΨһİ취ֻܵȵǵһЩ֮дȻȻߡ
ȴ˭֪ڽ죬͹ҽһ˾޴ľϲ
ڿɡ֮ǰʦ⼸ʦѾ˷ˡ
ƷǾƷ
ڿɡ֮ʦǸ˷ܣƷȻʧ
Ȼں˵ǲкܺõЧҪһʱ飬ʦѾʮ㡣
ЧһҪǰᣬѧǱҪⲿƷǳȤ
һڿǳʦĿΡ
칫ʦǺЦʦǣǡһڿξҵĿΣҾȥͷˣǷԡɡȤ
⼸ʦ׷ױʾ¿֮һҪһʱص칫Ƿ𰸡
ʦȻӦʣ⼸ʦεĿУ߳칫ңҡ



ڶǧ ѧȫ¿

ʦ˵ͬѧǣһڿʦ̴ĶһƷֽɡƷʱûпαʦǶʦһ䣬ǸŶһ䣬𣿡
ˡѧͬĻش
ʦǳĵ˵ͷûпαҲֻܹʱѧǸˣУὫɡӡ㹻ķÿһѧС
ʱûдӡʦҲȲУӡ֮ѧǡ
ھҪֻ̣Ǳ߸ܹܴȤĻ
ôȵǿ֮Ȥֻ
ƶ꣬ѩԷ磬նաʦʼˣҲ֪ǲΪɡִȫһԭֻΪĽ̫ǿԭ򣬳ʦʱ΢΢ЩҡͷԵġ
ǹװӾﾭݵģѧϵϷҡͷԵģѧǶ֮Ҳӡ
Ȼûôš
ƶ꣬ѩԷ磬նաʦ֮ѧȻ̫ʲô˼ȻҲ΢΢ЩҡͷԵӡ
˾ƽʱʦʱȣ΢΢Щ
ʦûоѧǸŶּ֮ȥ࣬档
ѧҲŶȥ࣬档
߽뱱Խ
߽뱱Խ


һһĶȥʦԽԽиоúһ֮󣬱۾΢Уѧǵ
ѧǶʱ򣬳ʦȫһܵı飬ЩЩ۵ͯڶĳʥ֮һ㡣
ѧǣҲͬԽԽ˼ԽȤԽ
տʼʱǻֻǱʦõ̬ʦǸŶ͸Ŷˣƽʱʦһ
ǶŶŽоƺƽʱʱĸоȫһ
ƽʱЩ˯ȫǻеԵĸʦڶֻʦꡣ
ڣǲûл˯۾ԽԽûлеԵĸŶſϣʦһֱȥԽԽá
ȻⲢ˵ѧǾȫֵ˼ֻǾöŷǳ˼ҪͣĸŶ
ʱڽ֣ᷢѧǴʱȫƽʱʱеľǱŷḻĸɫʡ
ܹʱѧȤŨŨ
ʵϣʱڽĵ
Ǻͳʦͬһ칫ҵģǼʦ
ԭǴڰ칫ţʦ¿֮Ƿģʦ뿪֮ԽԽЩסҪ֪ʦ̺Ƕɡ
ڣһλʦ飬ĵȥʦϿεĽһ¡
õ༸ʦһͬ
ǣʦˣʦϿεĽҵĺŴѧǿǣȴܹѧǵ
ʱ򣬳ʦѾڿʼˡ
տʼʱ򣬴һûʲôţǱѧз
ʱǣҲʦһǳѧǶɡ
ʦ໥Ȼû˵˴˵ϲ˷ܡ
õȵʦھѾ֪˴𰸡
֪˴֮ǲû뿪Ǵѧ۵һֱܺ黳

ʦԭֻǰһ־Ϳˣȫ᲻ͣȲˣȰƷһ֮˵
ϣ׶࣬ơֻϧʦһʱ¿ܲʱ˵
¿ˣ滹кóһء
Щֵ¿ڻЩĳʦ
¿ˣôô죿ȻƽʱϿεʱЩʱҲôô¿ˣһεĸоΪԵģҲóʦźô¿أ
ʦ¿źʵûʲôһеѧҲͬȫЩźǾΪĲ˼ˡ
ֻѧô¿ΣҲеѧǶ¿ΣǾͲˡ
Σʦְ˴ɻܣڲΣĿΡ
ʦϵѧǣʱ¿Ρ
ǲܷ飬ƫƫͷˡ
ʦ̣ǻѧ˵
ѧǵҪ󣬳ʦϲ˷ܣһѧǵҪ
ʦҲǳŴҶ֪ΪһʦӦ¿ˣռѧǵĿϢʱ䡣
ͬѧǣѾ¿ˣһٽŶ𣿡ʦ¿ΣԭҪһѧǣǷԸոնָȤģ
ڣѾûбҪˡ



ڶǧ ϲ
¿֮󣬳ʦ룬ֲѧǣǺɡĻڻؼ֮ԼĸĸٽԼÿһͬѧĸĸʱѾ֪ˡɡⲿƷ
ͬѧͬĴӦУʦϲ̵߳ңһŰ칫ȥһţҪθ⼸ʦ˵̺Ƕɡ
Ҫ˵ʦøΪ׼ȷ
߳ҵ߽칫ҵʱʦ⣬߽칫֮ԼʵҪ⡣
ΪʦȻѾ֪
ǰŸ߽칫ңһʦǹЦʦ¿λѽѧȫҪ㲻Ҫ¿ΣôҲӣ
ʦҪθ˵أʦһ˵΢΢һ㶣˵ʦô֪ģ
ʦδ𻰣Ա߼ʦͬʱЦ˵ֻʦ֪ȫ֪
ǡʦӦ˹˵ԭǶȥϿΡ
ʦ˵ǶȥˣʵҲͱһ㡣ҿȥˣȻ֪ɡú˵ĸȤѧȫҪ¿ΣǻҪҽ10ˣû˵ȥֻ¶û˻š
༸ʦҲ׷׸̾Ȼ֪ӦǻԡɡȤģû뵽ǵȤ֮Ũ
ӣɡеĻҪ
ʦҡͷЦҸոջһֱ룬Ҫθ˵飬ڿûбҪˡ˵ǶȥҵĽ棬ôһоûУ
ʦЦʦѾںЩ۵Ķûע⵽ǣҲʮ
ʦͷȷģոϿεʱ򣬵ȷȫ˺ǵĶ
ȻʦڽҺŴҺǹŵģҲӦӦŶԡ
ʦ˵ȻǶԡɡ˵ĸȤǾͿԾԵĿ϶ⲿƷܹдһЩʵٶǻǳ졣⣬ⲿƷﻹ˴ʷʣЩǶ⽲ڽдѧøʷʣҲǲܵ顣ڴ
ʦʱʼǵ⣬ܹˡ黹ҪԳֲſԡ
һλʦ˵ֻǿԽ̺ǣǷѧؼ֮󣬼ҳҲܹ̺ͬǡһЧɻá
ʦͷѾѧ˵ˣȥ֮󻹿ԼļҳԼ֮󣬱ԼĶˡ
⼸ʦͬʱͷԼѧǣҲһ

ѧУ飬ֻȫѧУһӰ
죬ȫصСѧСеʦǣȫһͬ飬ǾǽɡƼԼѧ
СѧʦҪԼѧСеʦǣһѧȥĶѧĶ֮ǲſʼ⡣
ȻѧʦҲͬĶֻǴѧǾʹԼȥĶˡ
ҪȥʦһĻʦȻҲǳӭ
ӡ᯸мɡһĸоѧʦȻˡ

ļҳڿˡɡ֮Ҳͬӵ˷ܣܹоԼĺӶ֣ӦǻȤġ
ֻҪԼĺȤˣдǶٶһЩԼúã˵ܹзǳԵ
ԼĺӷѧȻѡɡ̸ԼĺӣԼĺӷͣȥĶ
ǻ֪ԼĺѧУʱʦѾ̹ˡ
ԼĺӻصҳȲĶԼĺ˵ӣոƳһµƷʺһô
ҳĻ˵꣬ӱЩ˵ǡɡɣҶѾˣһǡƶ꣬ѩԷ磬նաǲǣ
ҳϲ˵ǽʦ̵ԭʦѾ̹ˡôϲⱾ𣿡
˵Ҳ֪ϲϲҾǺϲⱾ飬Ȿĸоڶ־͡ټաһ
ҳǾϲ˵úã͹ˣ͹ˡϲͺãھͶһ飬ô
˵ѽʦ˵ˣ˵ǻؼ֮ǴǶһǶ֮󣬾ͿԼˡ
ҳ˵úãʦ˵ûдھͿʼɣҶһ䣬͸ҶһŶ
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ͥ˼ҳԼĺӣɡ



ڶǧ ˿ϣ
ҳǴԼĺڶɡǽϲķ֣ԼĺӹȻԡɡǳĸȤ
ܴʱĺǶ֣ȫ⣬ҳܹоóĸȤ
ƽʱҵʱǴǵĸоȫһ
ҳϲοһܹúǸȤģд鼮ˡ
˵ǵд׻᲻˶ߣҪһʱȥ飬еļҳǴʱʮ㣬ǾţԼӵдһ˶ߡ
ңʱ䲻̫
еļҳȫһζ˸мһΪǵĺӣһ

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ʥһƬСһʮĺӶĸ˵ܹдʫͺˡ
ʱ׵ǳźΡ
ε֮ǰȻû֣Լĺ˵ϲʫʣ׵ģԵʧˡ
źǣ֪ûܹԼĺдʫʣҲûⷽ鼮
ԼĺһǳʧټԼ֮ǰԵʧ𣬸׵ǳܣȴûа취ֻ˵ЩӵĻ
ǽ죬ڿˡɡ֮󣬸״δй˷ܺͼܹԼĺдʫˡ
ңǸ˻һˣǱ֮Ϊ˵ʫ
ȻֽԼĺӣⱾɡʵҲ൱ڽˡ
ֻҪɡ͸ܹãԼĺһܹʫʣ˵ܹľ䣬ܹȫʫʣӦûġ
ԼĺдʫʷĵʦڼһЩ
磬Լĺӷѧصʱ򣬸˵ɡ飬ȴ˭֪ȿˣְְ֣֣֪ոƳһɡƷʦǶⲿƷһдʫʵƷְ֣ܹдʫˡ
ӷǳ˷ܣСǵЩ졣
Լĺ˵˷ܣ׺ȻоԼۿƺѾеʪԼĺڲʧ
ȻѾ֪ˡɡôҲͲýˣֱӽһöõСᣬøԼĺӡ
ԼӡöõġɡɡڻֻеӰģûʵ飬ֻʱһװʵ顣
ӽӹСᣬǡɡ˷ܵһֱܿˣһܻһ˵ҶȥˣЩһʶʦǶˣҼǵøôˣҾ㡣
Ӧδйο

ӷǳ˷ܣЩʫʰߣǣʱҲͬǳ˷ܡ
ɡܹ̺дʫʣҲܹͬдʫʣǲ͸ǵҲͬ͸ǵ
ǿɡĵһۿʼǾ֪ⲿƷܹдʫʣƷȻܹб֮¡
˶Ϊдʫ飬޷̵ģƫƫа취̴ҡ
ⲿƷеʫʰߣǣȫдһ׺ʫһ׺ôʣһöԵϣ
һֱ룬ȥʼոоûʲôϣôŬƺϣ
ڣǿϣǡɡǿϣ
һƷǿˣȥʼ޷ϣò˵ǰʱľ䣬ҲͬǾ䡣
еʫʰߣȫ˷ܵĹЦܹоһ׺õʫʣһõĶƺҲûô
ϲʫʮ꣬оûùڵĸоٸһЩʱ䣬ҲܹдʫʡȻҲоδʵ
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ڶǧ Ҷط۷֮·һ
ɡƳļҳʦǣߺдϣҲʫʰߣǿˣʫʣϣ
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𰸵Ȼǿ϶ġ
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ҳͬϲֲķ֣Լӵд֮֮ǰ˷ǳԵЩ˾ȡ
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ɡȻڱҲϵĶоĶоԶͣЪ
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Եɺ³ΪɵܣӴ֮УһƺѾƽŲ
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Ӵ֮󣬸ɱBossɱҰͼɱͨ߼¼Щԭֲ󹫻᳤ڰռʵİ񵥣ҫʮƵƵһˢ¡ĪЦһǿһĴڣ
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󹫻֮رԴ֮ʱǵľĪЦͻȻն¹ᣬְҵѡַӵս
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֮󹫻ٽ衰ʰ֮硱壬;ĪЦˣȴҶ޽ƾͼƣáط˵ĵһͰ𡱣˳ǧɡ50
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ڸġƵҹ֮󣬵21ǰ󣬹ڵʽưӰƷϳ֡
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ҲǳĹҲȻֵԭ
ڡʽܡƳ֮Ƴ̽ʽܡ뷨
Ϊ̽ʽܡⲿƷŽʽڶϰǻۣչֵ쾡£˾
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֪Ϣ֮Ф巼ϲ뵽һ⡣
ǲ֮һıԶðǱڵʽܵߡ
Զӵһҹϵ׼ɱ࣬ȻݳɶԷģǰȥҸ
ǣĵƺԼ˸٣ƴܡ
ͻȻʧٵɽ׹䣬ɢѿȡ
Զ״ֻƵǰȥȵײ鿴
ԶƵȵʱѾǵڶˡԶ֣ѾˤĿȫǣԭģ
ԶѣģǾ޷ݳɵģðǱڵʽߵļƻҲֻˡ
ŷ·תѲһ֮󣬵ͼ°֣ڵʬҵһţᵽҹϴμʱ໹ֻ꣬Ѿʮˡ
Ȼʽ֪ܲڵģ
֪ԶϲƻճУңҪݡ
ǣԶûݵǰȥ˵ҸʽܼʱȻû˿ɣǳĽӴ˵ЩʲôԭѾôƯ֮Ļ
ʽܲռʱû˿ɣ֮ҲʼûɣԶʮΡڵݰʱҲرԶܶ黹Զȥ
ԶõʽܵΣԪ֮⣬ٲȻѾΪ˵ʽܵһ֡
ݰĵ̣ʽʼնԶߡ
β׶ΣԪˣʺ͵ʽһФ巼ץסФ巼ɱʽܡԪ
ؼʱ̣Զķ֣˵ʽܺԪ
ʵԶµĲǵʽܺԪԼ
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Զûȵ˼ԪŻ֣һ֣ԶҲؽɥȪ
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ΪûһֶŮ
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֪ͨĳ֣дһŸԼ˵ԼֶŮཫҸ͡
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Ф巼õܱϲ֮£ǲԶǰȥðʽֶܵŮࡣ
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ԶҹٵĵȻҲûеֻ࣬һ
ɣҲǵʽܹⰲŵģոת֮ȥʧȥƣȻ¡
Ҳ˵ȺǽԤõʬкԡ
֮Զĵ£֡ࡱʬ塭
ʱʼΪʽıԶƭˣҿʱ֪ʽܵĲ֣ǶôĿ£



ڶǧһʮ һǿҵԸ
µǣʽ֪Ǽٵģȴʼղƣ鰸ʱҲţһȫεӡܶ齻ȥٲȻѵ൱Լĵ֣ƫƫ໹ʽ顣
ô룬Ψипǧ
ֻٵһӣӣƷ滹кܶࡣ
ԣⲿ̽ʽܡҪƳƷҪǣʶʽ벼ֵĿֲ
Ц֪ˣ֣˵ǡ̽ʽܡⲿƷȷ˺ܳʱˡҲãǽƳⲿƷˡ
֣һϲ˵úãӦƳˡ
ͷֻһ⣬ǾⲿƷѡʲôطأ
֮ǰƷ񡶴̹١졷ȣȨϰ־桷صġ
ڡ桷־Ȼ̽ʽܡҲѡڡ桷ء
ֻǣ־ķжһһڵģһܷڣмҲʱ
ԣڡ桷أ־أǻ㻪ء
û̽ưǼ򵥣Ϊ̽ʽܡһרŵͨͺˡ
Ϊ㻪ϰ壬ǿԡ
򶨺⣬ѡ㻪Ͻء
ңƷȫѣ͵ⲿƷôõһǸˡ

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ֻǣƷȻҲʣĹƷȽ໹ǷǳԵġ
ԣϲ̽ưȻҸʮڴܹƳƷ
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⵹˵졷̹١ЩƷȡĦ˹̽ãֻΪĻĲ죬һǸϲ๫С˵
ԣܡĦ˹̽ȡ˾޴ĳɹҲʮ־ʣһ̽ưƷǣϣܹٳһڡ졷̹١ĹС˵
ʷϣڶϰƵУԵʽܡδȡΪ
ڣƷУδȺͰΪǵƷˣֻʽˡ
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ԣܹٴһ˵ʽܶϰƷͺˡ
ȻҲһҪǵʽܶϰƷֻҪƷ˹ĸǶһǳϲ
˹˭ҪҪ˭
ôؼٳƷ
ϲ̽ưƷǣ֪𰸣ֻһǿҵԸ



ڶǧһʮ ڵȵ
ϲ̽ưƷǣһǿҵԸ
Ըһʼһֱڡʱƣǿҵĳ̶ȣûмԽԽǿ
ֻǣ˸еǳźǣڡĦ˹֮̽½Ƴ˺ܶƷƷУƫƫûйƷ
ҲûиеȻϣܶԱȥ΢ԣٴһƷղûȥ
ƺҪڴڶͯƷʫġټաɡȵȣǴ飬ϲ̽ưƷǣԸǰȥš
ڡɡ֮ƺݻ˴ƷĶϲ̽ưƷǣһȼǿҵĿ
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ֻûĽܣΪֻҪƷ㹻ˡ
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һѡˣ㻪ϽأҲͬû˾֡
֮ǰ΢عƷ֪͹ӹĹϵǳڹӹ㻪㻪Ʒʵˡ
㻪еķûйࣿ飬רΪͨһͿˡ
Ϣһϲ̽ưƷǣǰδе˷ܺͼǿȴôãڵȵٴƷˡ
ңһε˹ǴΪڴĵʽܡ
ûбܵϢˡ
̹١֮ٴƷˡǿȴôãڵȵһ졣ʵ൱˷ܺͼ
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˵ûٴƷ壬ֻٴһྭƷô򵥡һҪ壬ǾǳΪЩഴߣѧϰоĶ󣬴ӶһҹƷ޴󣡡
ԣҲڴٳֵԭ֮һٳ֣ܹΪٴһ䣬ҹƷһεõߣԺٿƷʱ򣬽ӵϲ
ʵֻǹƷκһκһƷⷽ壬ͬƷߡӹƷҲⷽ塣ⷽģΨ͹ӹš
ڴĻ̽ʽܡⲿƷһ壬Ժ˵
ǵȻڴ̽ʽܡ̡ʽܡ֮ƳڵʽܶϰƷˡһΣ϶ǳʽܶϰˡ
Ӧܹ϶֮Ϳʼˣһڴɡ


ƷǳעˣֻЩϲ̽ưԡ
ʵϣ缸е˶Էǳעǿܲȥ̽ʽܡⲿƷȴǳעⲿƷ
ƺһìܣֲΪʲôҪע
⵱Ȼìܣʵϣκһ𣬲ʲôĶйע
ոƳɡҪƳƷˡƷٶȣʵ̫һ㡣
˵ⶼǳȻҲϲƷ֪ҪһƷľ֮ˡ
ⲻϻһƷǾ䣿


֮⣬Щ¹ƷˣС˵ƷӰƷʱҲʮֵϲڴ
ܹ֮ԴƷΪȫΪܵƷӰ졣
ΪļƷǲܹܹ˽ܵĹƷԴΪ
ļƷѾǳ׵о͸ˣѾٴоµĶˡ
ˣʵҲһֱţʲôʱܹٳһƷϸоȻͻĴˮƽȡƷø
ڣҲڵȵˡ
˷ܲѵͬʱѾʼĦȭƣо̽ʽܡ׼



ڶǧһʮ ̽ʽܡ
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10㣬ʽϴ̽ʽܡ㻪
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Ԫ꣬ĴƹΪܣ¿ͻʵı߾ߡ
ʱֳ쳣͡ͻؿ߾г˻Уպദ
˿֮·ϣ̶Ǵ£ҹУغһɺƽ
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սֻ֮սȼһս֮У˫ں¤ҡϸǲر˺սʱʱʮ֮á
ս֮Ϳ̿ձܴݲС
Ԫ꣬ͻʿɺǲʼΪ׵ʹǰȥʮսҡ
ܳڣ죬գ޲Ϊ֮裬ٹһƬڡ
±ͻʹ뾩ʼ
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ô򵥣е۾ȻԤеһ׮󰸣ǾҪˡ
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Ҥʧ𣬷𱻾ߣԼɱͻʹųҳǲ֪ȥϢ֮־ŭʮεƷǧţɽͣ飬Ҫҵ
ȻԶԶûô򵥡
ϵӼ͵ǣż֮Ӽ֮ʧɫҹ죬ż֮˵֮ͬʧɫ
ԭгͻʹŸոսܾڣ˷ʹŵȫɱ˸֮УֻӭʹŵĻӶӳԪ䲻
˵ǰӴͻʹţȻǼٵġ



ڶǧһʮ Ψеʽһܹư
ͻʵʹžȻǼٵģеҲͬһδҲ̫˼һ㡣
ʹŶЩʲôˣܹԿ϶ǷɱʹŵЩͽ
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һŮ죬ȫû˿ɣʹżٵҲδ̫һɣֱ˼顣
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νأ쾪ŭӡ
ڣΨоͻʹűɱ࣬ҳĻףɺһпһ
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ڼѵ飿ǽɻ
ȻҲֻһɻѡ
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ԪðǱݳˣٹȻһй¶
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һص˳ˡ
˳ɱ׼͵ϮԪĲۣԪָһ·
˸Ԫ书ٸߣһֱսȥҲɡΨһĻ·ǰȥѰҵʽܣֻеʽܹ
˻ԪʽѾּͻʹűɱһڻؾ·ϣսʡ
ԪΨһĻᣬǰȥѰҵʽܡ
˭ΪʲôҪԪָһ·ʵҪԪ
Щ⡣



ڶǧһʮ Ҳ
˸Ԫָһ·ǰȥҵʽܡ
ôԪȥҵʽ
һ˼Ԫȥҵʽˣǵ֤ԪӦòͻʹϮʱӦֻƾǿ书ɱΧ˶ѡ
ڹؼǣǸ˭Ϊʲô֪ʽܵг̰ţΪʲôҪָԪǰȥҵʽܣҪԪ⣿
ЩɻһǼ濴
˵ݺܿͽˣҪĻʹߣľڷ硣
ԪȥѰҵʽܣǽľŵġ
ôȻͲˡ
ڷľ㱨˵ڶ峿Ԫʣȥʽˡ
ǱߣľѾ˲ãȵԪ͵ʽܻϵʱ򣬱չж
ԭľ֮ԻָԪǰȥʽܣΪ˽Ԫ͵ʽͬʱɱѾʲ˴ɱֻ֣Ԫ͵ʽǰȥ
ֻҪԪ͵ʽһʹűɱһ᲻֮
Ϊܳ˵ʽ֮⣬޵ڶгɹưĿܣֻҪʽһǱɸǡ
ԪѾɹ͢ΪȫҲû˴ڵıҪԪҲҪ
ôȻԪѾˣľʲôɱԪȥɱʽܣҪָԪȥҵʽܣȵ˻ϵʱһɱ
Ϊ˽赶ɱˣԪĵɱʽܡ
Ԫǳ͢ͷͨȥɱͻʹűɱһĵʽܣʵ̫ˡ
ľļƻóѣôͻԪǱɱ˸참ĵʽܣǱӵĹбɱ
ֺͳ͢Բɡ
ľļƻνǳĴҳɹʺܸߡ
ϾԪѾˣ书ٸߣҲӴɱֵȺ֮
һȫһʽΣա
ԪҵǲûжֻǾԪӦõȷ֮ǰԩˡ
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ͻȻĵĪˡʽܾƴ̽ӣһ糣·ûзʲô
ȻֽƵʱ˳Ծ鷢ˣһòʵˣͦصǰ
ʽЩ죬ȴûκεĻңѯʶԷ˭
ǵһĵ۵ˣӦþԪˡ
˲ûֱӻشԼ˭Ǳʾŵҹϰ񣬽ƾűɶݣ첻ţҪʶʶʽ紫˵еô񣬻˵
ʽܱʾ˵Ȼ֮ô⡣
˼ȻҹãҪ̸ԡ
ʽܴ˵ˣɫԼ뷿ķʽȷ棬׵ƶϳݣͻʹŴӭӶӳڵĳ͢ͷͨԪ
ȻԪе뵽룬Ԫҵʽܾģȴȿʽˡ
Ҳܹ⣬Ԫ뿴ʽǷܹ
ʽֻ˵ǿ϶ûа취ġ
ܹ϶ԪԳʽ˵Ի뿪ŵʽܹ
ڣʽ׵ľƶϳݣֻܾȵıʾҲ
ԪʽϸĽʹűɱľ˵֮󣬻ʽһµ˿֯һߵıʶ
ߡǶѾİˣ֮ǰҤıߡ
ԪʾԩΪ͢ͷͨȷȥ֮Ϸ˵Լס
ǣıһ˫۾һֱڶһβ䣬ЩΪͽĽ˺͹ܹ
ʽܱʾΪ˲ƶϳԪ֮ԻΪָԪ
ԪٴδΪȣ㽫Ǹָҵʽܵ˵ˡ
ʽȻʶΣվǰˡ
ΪѾָ֪ԪǸ˵ݣԼԪĿˡ
еȫ˷ܲѣǵʽܣֻһ˿㽫鿴װס
ʽѾ˵˵ıô˵ļƻܹɹŹ֡
֮󣬵˵ļƻʼʵʩһڷͽðǧţּʽּֽܳ
ʥּõʽǧţҹٸǣ
ʽͨѾǧţǷͽٰ磬ȴƣǱʾҪ򵥵ʰһ£Ȼǧţһ·



ڶǧٶʮ ʽ
󣬵ʽܼ򵥵ʰһ֮ǰּǧţ뿪ʹ䡣
ʽѾ˶ԷļıΪλҪԷ뿪⵹еɻ
ԷߵʽܺԵĲ⣬㲻һ뿪ʹ󣬾ͻĵʽܶ֡
ʵȻˡ
ûǣɱΧסҼ£ʽƱػҼ֮¡
ϾʽȻϰ񣬵ȴ书
е㵣ǣʵ֤ǲҪΪʽܵġ
ʽѾ˵˵ıȻܻϵ˲ǵʽܣԪ
ɱҼµʱԪƳ׵Ľһɱȫնɱֻһڡ
֮ʽ֣ܳʻڳһ˶ˣ
ԷһμȻڱصãôɱȻܲôһˡ
ڼװԥȴͻȻӱ󼤷һ֧ʽܣһԵԪӦ죬õһһ˻ڡ
һĻνǳգҿԪڲ࣬ȻʽܿľΣˡ
ʱһξãԪܹһֱڵʽߣһǳ顣
ԪѯʵʽӦô죿
ʽܶ϶˵ֶȻڳиҪɱҪɱԪ
һ֣һŵĹ¾ͻǾԪʴͽٴʥּŻɱ참󳼵ʽܣںϮ
ǣͻʹűɱ谸ĵһͨ참ͬھû֤֤ʵ飬˰飬Ҳ޴ˣղ֮Ļı᳹ʵ֣Ȼܺͻʵսȼ´ҡ
νء
ʽʾǵĶǧ㣬ֻ©һ顣
Ԫһ飿
ʽ˵һҪԸǵʽܡ
⻰һȼ൱İǵʽܡ
ûдһεĶֲǵʽܣˣǵļƻʱȻѾɹˡ
˵ʽ֮⣬ֻûܹһ˿Уǵļı
ľһζԻ
ǽľǳʽΪʲôݣǵļƻ£ûһ
߱ʾûҳǵʽ֮ܣֻһˡ
Ǻųֵġ
ڣʽϣڳи˴ɱɽľڷ졣
ڷҵȣȲıƻŴɱֱɱʹ䡣
˼类ʽܿ͸һȻ޹
ʱĵʽѾԪһݼٵ΢
ڷûҵʽܺԪֻô»ص˳ľʵ㱨
ľжʧܣʮջѵڷûɱʽܺԪȥϮ䣬һж¶ڵʽܵǰ޻Ԫ޴̸
ˣľҲûа취ʾҵǣʽ֪ܲǵݡѾ֣˴жĿģҲԲˡ
ڷһкۼȫ˻ݣʹϢģ伣ȴʱĵʾûһۼǵʽܣҲƲͷ
ľţǵֶһڴŵȵʽҵǣҴıʱ򣬿һı飿
¼
΢ĵʽûȥʥĵضԼֳһϸİ顣
ȵõһۣļϵһΪڰһ
ôﷸĿʲôأķò˼һ轥õ֤ʵ
ǾǣﷸɱʹΪ˼ðʹŻǣȻ󹥻ҤҤΪǮƣΪ˽Ҥеķˡ
ﷸΪʲôҪɱͻʹţΪʲôҪðʹŽԭҵˡǾΪ˽ҤѺŵķˡ
ǻȻ򣬶ֱ˷ܣǵʽܣֻɹ֪ﷸжĿġ
ʽܵȻûдȻ֪ľһУսĿģΪǷ
ֻǣǷʲôãʱö֪
ȻʽڻֻƶϳﷸΪ˽ҤѺŵķˣڷ˭ʱö֪Ҳ͸֪Ļʹǽľˡ
ǵ֪ĻʹǽľڽľݣԼľĿʲôҲͬö֪
ʽܼһҤűȻıգӹѲ鲢ȫǵʹź޺׵Ŀ
ǣɱ˿ҤķڿĽðʹ֮ݳˡ
νǹ˼Ͻ޷졣
ôǽߵķ˭ٳĿʲôưͻƵӦ÷Ķ
ʽܲϵ˼š
챻ƣȥԲ½㣬¿Լ챻ϵ񾭡
ʽܽ죬Ŀе֪ҤѺطһݻΪĸ󻼵浳
浳֪һ浳֮ǲ룬ľôֻΪõһѵıλΪһ죿



ڶǧٶʮһ ݵˮԽԽ
ľǲΪһ죿ڻȫ϶Ժܴ
ľʲôݣȻö֪
ֻܼ濴
˵ʽ֮󣬻ָ˵ʽͬݺ̨ƽһְʹո̫ԭмɨѲ
ֳ˶ԸλԪͨٺ顣
ʽܵĽͣѾ֪ԪԪΪӶӳûܱͻʹţʧְ֮ǿ϶ġ
ԪڵʽãЭʽư
ͬʱ컹ʽһ֣Ʒǧţɽ͡
ԪĻڵʽߣǶԴΪ⣬ڣѾʼЩϲ书ǿˡ
ʽܵ󰸣ǳʱ书ǿԪߣҪʱԳֱʽܡ
ԣǶǳ⡣
⣬Ʒǧţɽ͵书ƺҲܲڣʽӦòʲôΣˡ
󣬵ʽ뿪ǡ
ʽܲûһǰ̫ԭɨǵ̫ԭ֮ǶûнԪͶˣ΢ݡ
Ԫͻͼʽݣܲ⣬ǷּͻʹűɱһģӦǰϵʯӴʹűɱһֳ𣿵ʽݣ
ʽܱʾΪͻʹűɱһͻʹŵȷڸϵʯӴɱģϵʯӴֻɱˣǱ󣬶ࡣ
˵ʽܵĻĪʵ벻ס
ʽЦűʾкüţһͻʹűɱһǧ˿Ƶϵһ벻ջ
ھһЩ֮󣬵ʽܡԪݴ壬׼̽һ顣
ڴ壬˷ִ٣һ˽֮󣬲֪ȫ췴ˣӽɽֻЩŮͯ
ΪʲôҪ췴Ȼԭġ
ʽϸ˽֮ܽĸ֣ٱ񷴡һжΪݴʷǫƣһϵеĺ
֮ǰٸ̰۳͢·ľָοĲٸ֮ˣ޿£ʹٸҪӡ
֮֮е֪˵ʽѵݵϢһҹǱʽܵķ䣬ʲôҪԵʽ˵ȴԪ˸ߡ
ƺʲôݣΪľҲ׷ɱ
ҵȻߵĶ֣Ҳ书ߵĶ߹֮󣬻ܹѡ
߲ûǰȥ׷Ϊ֪߶ˣɡ
ȷˣƺ߶֮ɽȴɽũ½з֣½м仹Ϣ㽫ȻؼС
֮󣬼䰵õĵʽܺͻͣ½еļС
½ʵеһҰóдˣԼȴѳƲõʽڸж֮࣬Ҳ̾ϢȻ֮裬ݵˮ
֮󣬵ʽܿ˱½оȻؼеʱ߶ѷΣڵϦ
ʽܲʶͨҽĵʽȻȣʽ֣ܳӹŹ˻
ȻûѣƺȻסˡ
Ǹȷţݿ²򵥡
Ȼᰲŵʽ֮о
ھʲôݣֻеԺյ׽ǲö֪ġٿԿ϶ݿ϶ͻʹűɱһشĹ
½еļʽܻ˽⵽ٸ˽۸οǿռ֮⣬ɽԵ޹ʵĸˣκ˵Ȳڡ
ɱ
ҲΪĴࡣȻǿɽɽ˵ܴ󸻴󣬵ʳǻûġ
ȻٸʼȴԴ޶áΪʲô
ʽڻ֪𰸣ֻǷݵˮԽԽˡ
Ҳ֣ͬĸӺˡ
⣬Ǹе˷ܣ˵ȻԽӣԽԽáԽԽܹ˿ù񫣬ưḶ́ҲԽʣһ׵ʱ򣬸оҲԽˬԽֳܹʽܵĶϰ
ԣԽӣԽ˷ܡ
濴
󣬴½еĿУʽ֪һֵ飬ǾǾ½ڵĴصҦ̣һ򣬰û˼ưܻȴַǷҼҵƻ
ٺǰȥ̽ǰȥ֮ˣûһȫʧˡ
ͬ͸¶Ź죬ݵˮڽһ
һ棬ľûҵʬףĲ£ûĴ顣
½˵ʽܿҩɽ߶ҩ˽ľŵ̽ע⡣
̽½У֪Ȼû
֮һڹٸ۳½еļ˵Ҫ½Сʽܡһ£ٸ
ԣľݹٸĳֹᡣ
ٸ֮Իȥ½мˣΪľ½м֪ͨٸǰȥˡ
ֻϧǲ֪ʽܺͻǡҲ½м
кϷˡ
ȫǳڴ



ڶǧٶʮ ֮
һڹٸ۳½еļҪˣͱҪֹʽʾⲻֹ
ٸ۽½СʽܡͣԼδѵһͬߡ
ݴʷ֮ϣݴʹǫץ˻ֵ⡣ʶʽܺͻͣԵʽʩҶ
ԷǫĳªţʽȻŭ⣬ûʥּݣǫ֪ǰ֮˱ǵϣղ󳼵ʽܣŵƨͷġ
ʽڷǫǰװģʽʮϲװģʽǼΪӮ
һ棬ľ֪һͬʷ֮ϵˣȻǵʽ֮ͬʧɫ
ԭΪʷǵƿ֮Сȴ˭֪ʽܾȻһһ䵽˵ʽܵ
ľձΪһ¶⹴ľ޴ıͻʧܣҲܽܵġ
󣬽ľ´һ߲ϧһдۣҲҪ취ɱ
ǿʱ򣬲˼ӽľ˵ķӦݹȻ򵥣ҲȻͻʹűɱһŷǳشĹ
ϧʽڻ֪ݣҲʼջԲѡܹʽܱݣͻʹűɱһпܾͻȡͻԵĽչ
ôʲôݣһĸе棬ڴŵʽܹ֪ʵݡ
֮󣬵ʽҲͲ΢ĵ֮Ҫ췴СӴɽԭץ̰٣ݰճ
ԻȰʽܽصʹűɱϣʽ˵ȶ񰸲Ϊ֮ҲֻȽĻҾٺãпʹűɱһͷ
ʽܸ׼췴һǫ¶˴еңһȺٱð񣬽̨ϵ׽ٳˡ
ֳṩα֤ͼŵʽܵߡ
ȻֶҲʽܵĻʽҲͲǵʽˡ
ʽܲ鿴ֳ֮׵ľͿ˷ǫˣİϷ
ϴٷĹϣǫɰٰ޻ڴ˭֪ԪѴ⣬Ҫ֤ʵ
ʽг񣬴ϡǫһۿı¶ֲ֤̿ľȻ÷ˮʹ
ǫһȴҲЩ֣Ϊλᷴˮѵڰ
ˣ棿ѵǽľ˵Ļǿȷǫǽľˡ
⵹Ҳ⣬ľϳݣݴʷǽľˣľϳֻͱٸˡ
һݴʷ⽮ȴΪ˽ľˣǿ£ݵˮ̫ˡ
濴
ɹٸ̰ο𣬵ʽԪ͵ҴǰȥܴΨһ֪ˣԴϣԴϴ򿪾档
룬Դʱ򣬾̰ۿһ絣ʾеǮһ̰۵ġ
Դ˵ѣΪ涥
ʽĥҪԴ˵ʵӵһƲˡ
ʽ߽֮ƣǫһԴѾй
ǫ鼱֮£ϷգɱԴڡʱ򼴱ʽ֪ɱԴҲ֤ݡû֤ݣʽҲκβ
ֻǣ֪һжڵʽ֮ܵС
ǲɱִɱԴʱ򣬶ڰԪʱ֣Դ
ȻɱԼڣԴԼֻһӣҪټʽܣ˵ݹٸ̰οࡣ
Դһμ˵ʽܣʽܱʾ˸ллʽܵľ֮
ʽ˵ݹٸοࡣ
ǣԴո˵ؼʱȴͻȻĪıж
Դո˵ؼͻȻˣڹؼʱ̳֣ɱԴ
˭ɱԴ
ʱʽֻܵԪͻͶˣѵǶеһ˰г֣
ʽɣȴɫ
ȻҲпһɱǱڰԴҪ˵ؼ֮ˣּʱɱԴ
ֻǣһɱǱڸĻԪͻ;书֮ˣӦûǡ
֮ǰûвɱֳɱԴ֮ҲӦԴĪͻȻ֮ԪͶ˾ڵһʱѰɱ֣ȴûзɱֵӰ
ʽ˼ʱ½ǰ˵Ķָ֢ˡ
ʽһæǰȥ鿴Ѿɹⶾٴ߶ΣڵϦ
߶ѽ⣬Ϊʲôٴж̫ڹ죬ٴθ˶
ǣӦò˽ӴŶԡ
ѵ֮ˣʽٴɣȴȻɫ



ڶǧٶʮ ʽܵջ
ǿʱҲ΢΢һǵʽ֮
˭ڵʽߵУԪ͡½СҴˡ
ѵ⼸һǽľˣ˭
ԪпܣҲ͵ͨ
ͻʹűɱһУԪȷͽľڷȷһƣɹƭ˵ʽ֮󣬳ɹԵڵʽܵߡ
ĻԪݼδҲ̫˰ɣʽܶƭˡļƲҲƾѵǳԽľ֣֮
ֻǣǲϣԪѾЩϲԪˣҲϣʽһ书ǿ֡
Ԫǽľˣһоͳˡ
ͣӦòܡߵˣͳ˧Żʼǧţʽܽͻʹűɱһ֮Žɵʽá
ôҲͽľûʲôϵ
ҲȫûпܡΪʽһԲʱ򣬶˵
ߵʽ͵Ļǻǽľˣ˵ͨˡ
ֻǣֿԺС֮ǰ˵һԻͷǳͲܻᱳ졣
ӦҲܡ
ȣľɱ˾
ΣжǱ߹ߺǽľˣûҪɱ
ߣж棬ǵʽڻԵɺ֮¾ľˡΪ˳ɹԵ׵ʽߣĽԼ
ǣжǼ١
ֻǣʽܾͨҽǼжĻ϶ʽܡ
ԣӦò
ô½أԵȷУװӵĴСӴãȴʽϹ
еҴͣҴһֱڵʽߣӦõֵεġ
ȥԪ½Уֱ֮ǻ͡͵Ҵ
ôԪ󣬶˵ⲻһϢ
ԵĻϣ½Уֻǿ½һģЩĻ½С
õ˶ǣԵ׵ʽߵģľʵˡ
ôˣǾԪ͡½СҴеһˣ
ֻܵȵ
濴
ʽȻʼԼе˵ļϸȴɫǼµĲ鰸
Ǵ֤С˼ðٷļͷĿȻ֮ǰȥɱԴɱ֣ҲԪѺ⵽
ۺǵĿڹѳķǫ浳ʽַܷǫ֮󣬾Ҳˡ
󣬵ʽĲ׽ǫҪ漴ݲá
ǫڱʽܱƵͶ·֮£ķˣ׼ɱʽڵĴ󶼶Ҫɱʽܡ
ڵʽ׼ڷǫľӼᣬ׼ɱ󶼶ʱԪͻ첿ӳɱѾֲѸ߽⣬ʽܵĶܿ칥ռӹǱ˾š
ǫ浳һ򾡡
ǫһͿأʱľڷ֣ʷǫΪʲôϷж
ڷĳ֣˷ǫȷǽľˡ
ôʷ⽮Ȼǽľˣľ֮󣬿ɼһߡ
󣬵ʹ˸ϵʱǫѾ
ڷǫԼڷı·ƺԶ
ȻѾҪˡ
ʽ鷽ǫʬ壬ȴһֵĵطǾǷǫǷ˪ɫȴ糣
ȻϳΪ˪ˣɫһᷢڡ
ʽڷǫʬϸ۲죬ȻӷǫϽһƤߡ
ԭǫȻǼٵģݳ˷ǫģ
ѹַǫ˪֮ɫ糣
һݴʷȻ˼ٰ磬δҲ̫˼һЩ
ٰ緽ǫʲôˣ
𰸺ԣǽľˡ
ǲ룬ѵ֮ǰַǫˣ淽ǫǽľˡ
ô淽ǫ
ȻľȻ֮ǰΪĸ
Ϊͨ죬ûа취ɹּðʷǫ
һݵķ⽮Ϳ˼ðģ
Ȼ֪Ļʹǽľʽڻֻ֪룬ʲôľ󰸣ķǫ
Уٷǫչ֮ݾ֮վŵĵʲôˣ
Ȼһжʣڵʽ˵ַǫǼٵģһ޴ջ
ûûʽܹܶҳ
ڣһ˾޴ڵʽ˵ֱͲҵ˽ҿԿףҿֻʱˡ
󣬵ʽʷ
ţڴʷиջ
ʽڿҪͻʹűɱһĺ
ʮڴ



ڶǧٶʮ ǫ
ǺڴҲ˷ܣԤеʽѾӽˣͻʹűɱһĺġ
һ˳Ļò˶þͿԳɹưˡ
ȻֻǴʱĸоڸо׼׼ȷʱö֪
濴
ʽʷڳĹУݳʷ˵ٸĹȫˡ
õʽܱ֣Ҫ˵ǫһȡԤ֮СǾȻ֪ģⷿⶼˣͷ˼ˡ
ģǵʽһʱ֮Ҳ벻ס
ʱ򣬵ʽִܷʷõĽλúΣĶýλôྶͥ
ѵĳܣ
ʽϸѲãֻϸѲ󣬲ûзʲô
󣬵ʽԲ鿴ã֮Ȼ˶õܡ
ڶһذש棬Ȼһҡ
ʽͬԪͶһͬµҲ鿴ֵͨһ˳ڣǴſĿⷿ
ǫһտԭҵˣǴӶõĵͨǱⷿȻٽ͵ãٴӶ˳ɵĶеˡ
ѹֶõĽλΣԭΪ˷ͨӿⷿĵͨ
󣬵ʽڵﻹһشķ֡
һңһˣȻݴʷǫ
ʱǴһѵݴʷǫһֱ
ݰյ飬Ǹٷǫģ
ֿԵȷܴ֮ǰȷǴַǫˡ
ǫ֪˱ǵʽ֮󣬷ǳļʾڵȵһˡ
ʽҲʮ⣬ǫңһ֮󣬷ǫʽܽٷǫݺڵҵĹ̡
˵ǰĹǰҪıϴʾܾ֮󣬱㱻סؽ˵ҵ֮С
˵Ѿˡ
ǫ˵Դ䣬ɷ£Ҳȫ˷ǫ˵˵
ȻʽȴƺʲôߣԷǫĻƺȫš
󣬵ʽͨһЩϸڣԷǫƺӲ˻ɡ
һͻʲôѵڵ﷢ֵǫҲǼٵģ
һٷǫҲһ׮ˡ
ϸһֿԵȷСľԤе֮ǰŵǸٷǫпҪʽʶˣһƣһ˼ðǫװѺڵ
֪ʽһᷢǸңȻȻͻֵᷢŵһٷǫ
һʽֵܷұŵļٷǫʱ˭Ϊǫķǫ
취ν൱ľĶֲǵʽܵĻ϶ͳɹˡ
ϧĶǵʽܣʽܺܿʹӷǫһЩоֹϣ˶ߡ
һǻףǾǵʽʮ֮ǰǫոݴʷһְʱĹ水зǫӡ
ӡķǫǿ϶ݴʷǫ
ڣʽķǫһӡϵӡԱȣӡȫһ
ˣȻӡȫһǾ֤ķǫʮ֮ǰڹϰӡǸǫ
ô﷽ǫӦķǫŶԡȻӡܻȫһ
˹ˣķǫģоֹȴΪʲôôߣ˻ҲǼٵġ
벻ףЩڹˡ
ŵʽܻǽҿࡣ
ʽܵȷǽҿ࣬ķǫȷݴʷǫ
һݣǾ֮ǰʧҤķˣ
ķǫݴʷǫҲʧҤķ𣿡ʲôǻûŪס
ķǫĻڳĻͲϲ
Ȼͱʾһ꣬ģǻɻҲϵãǰǫģ
ʽЦűʾһ꣬ȴʼûз֣ʵһֱƤߣǲò
ԭǫԽ߼ĻţԽ췴ʧ֮󣬷ǫѣΪԭΪݴʷ
Ϊݴʷ֮󣬷ǫȻڴ֮ǰԽûʵֵıҵ
ǫһǵʱԽıʱˡЩЩԸģЩǱǿȲμӵġ
ǫĴϵ˼ı
ÿĴʱ򣬶ΪԼһƤߣΪ
ȻܻΪķǫʮСĽ֮ǰץˡ
ǫץˣô޷صݴʷĴʷˡ
һǫܣֻº׾ͻᱻع⡣
Ҫһ취
ǣѺͷǫһĽľ뵽һע⣬Ǿһ˼ðǫʷƿݡ
ƻȷɹˣʱ䣬û˷ݴʷȻǼٵġ



ڶǧٶʮ ˣ
󣬽ľ߻ͻʹűɱһɹȳ˱ѺҤģΪķǫõ˷ǫ
֮󣬵ǫǱص֮󣬷ֵʽܵĲ鰸ѾͻԵĽչֻºܿͻᷢݴʷǼٵģԱһƣ˽ԼѺڵҵ֮С
֪ʽһֵᷢҵģҲһᷢе
ʱ淽ǫ֣ʽܶȻ³Ϊݴʷ
Ͼ֮ǰݴʷֶУǸٷǫģ淽ǫûκεĹϵ
һݴʷȻǷǫݵȻǫƿ֮С
Ϊˣ׼һ˵ʣһܹõʽΪ档
ǫƲߵȷɳ֮Ϊ͵͵ͼٷǫλüٷǫټٰ֮ǰʽܲļٷǫУ䵽ͷϣݴʷҲˣʽܶȻὫ
ֻſԼݴʷ
ֻϧıһ˵ʣڵʽܵν©ٳûʲô򣬱ҴĿ
Ϊޱȵļƻת˲֮ʧܡ
ң𡱵ݱ¶ͻʹűɱһưͻԵĽչѾЩʻˡ
νǻ㾡ȴʽһ
ڻȻԭòϣǫǳĴƻҲǳľ˸ӣʮа˾ŲǷǫĶ֣ᱻǫűߡ
ֻϧӵǵʽܣǫٴƻپҲעһͿء
֮ǰǫһ˵ʣеȫΪ档֮󣬵ʽܽҿʱǲŷ֣ǫЩΪ˵ʣȻ©ٳ
ǵʽܣǺ˷ܣǾϲʽܽҿʱֻ̣Ȼĸоǳˬ
ڣٷǫˣҲѾȡͻԵĽչֻᷢЩʲôʵ̫ڴ
濴
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óͺʽܾʹ˽᰸
᰸ĻҲȷǿܹͻǱһˡ
Ȼʽȴʾ黹ԶԶûн⣺һǷΪʲôߣԪףҪ
ڶǵݺǸڸϺ;ʱʱû߾ͲӰǿбʶİҲûгֹ永ĵһ׷ɱʹŴ̿һֲ߻ִеġƫƫǵݣͲˡǲ鴦ǫɨ浳˵Ĵ˴˰ĺģ᲻
еĴʹʲôˣʮšǮׯûһ߹˾޴ĿôӲɣǲе
ʽһ˵ǰԵͷкܶûн⿪᰸ȷΪʱ硣
ôҪ᰸һѵڵʽߵǸǻͣ
ϴεʽѶԴʱֻԪͻͶˣѵԴո˵ؼ֮ʱ򣬾ǻͻȻ֣ɱԴ
ֻǣӦòܻ
Ǹ㲻ף濴
ʽܽԪҪغ÷ǫκεĲ
һ棬ľ֪ݱ¶ʧɫӦô죿
߱ʾ˵ľһδʧܣõʽԽԽˡ
ýľѡ˵ڷü
ȻľȴǳıʾۿƻҪɹˣôܷ
Σֻ׼ǰȥɱڡ
˭һʮֹؼ⣬ߵݱ¶϶ܹҿࡣ
ߵʼûб¶ǺЩС
ڣҪȥɱҲǷǫڣɹ
ȷɹˣԪܿܣ߻ǳɹӰɱ
ߵӰɱˣԪҲߵӰ룬δȴӰϵľ綾ڵϦ
ǴʧɫԪȻᱻߵӰУû뵽ġ
ڵʽܼʱ֣סԪеӰ붾Ԫû֮ǣǰһ
ԪȻû֮ǣҲԲѣʧȥս
ԪôؼʱжԣһõϢǲЩǡ
߳ɹɱ𣬲شԪһεжνΪɹ
ֻǣ飬Ǵ۾
ǧţΧסˣ׼Ҫߣûжٸغϣ߾Ȼǧţֱɱˡ
߾ˣ
ողųɹɱشԪߣˣ
Ǵ۾ߵսôͻȻ֮ôˣ˵лڳҲӦôͱնɱ˲Ŷ԰
Ǹ㲻ס



ڶǧٶʮ Ԫûж
ʽһֱڵȴߵĳ֣Ϊֻ߳ˣ˵Ѿ˰ĺġ
ڣڳˣ£ɱشԪ
ȻһߣȴڽһȺǧţûʲôľɱˣǰ˵ķԼԼƺ˸оʲôطԡ
һָоֲʣЩ㲻
ʽܵƺûлʲôֻѾˣֻǲɫ
֮СӴ½ǰ棬˵ʧٴʬ壬ȫɽļѨС
ʽΪ¹ش󣬱Ҫ̸ϵСӴȥ鿴
ǣʽܽݣûݴһЩ飬ԼղӣϸСӴ塣
һ棬Ѿɱ˵ٴγ֣Խľ˵Ѿɹɱ
ǳһȻܿôһ¶
ԭ֮ǰǧţɱǼٵġ
ȻˣǾ˵ߵսǰ󷴲ô֮ԭɱǼٵġ
֪һ֮ʹõֶҲͲѲ²ˡ
д֮ǰ߱ΪԼһ֮ͬʱжڴ󶼶ǧţ֣ǧţһ
ԼǱѺĵطӰɱشԪֱ֮Ӷߡ
ıǧţɱˡ
д̼ƻνǳֱһ񣬼ɱڣش书ǿԪõʽܵһ֡
ҪǣõʽΪѾˡһʽڽпܻǳԤУ˵ԽԽԶ
ʵ൱ֻǿǸɱˡ
߶Լһεд̼ƻҲǳ⣬˽ľľҲͬϲֱԹȻֻ߲ܹ
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ȻǾͻʧȥԮһεļƻѳɹˡ
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Ҳ˶ѣһжʼջǸԡ
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Щԣֻܵȴ𰸡
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⣬ԪжԣʽִղȥСӴ鰸
Ԫԣʽܲڣȷɱʱ߾ץסһǧѷĻᣬٴǱ󶼶ɱ
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ΪѾǳԵģŷǳشĹϧʼջԲѣʼղʽ˵Լݡ
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ôʲô
ԪѾߵӰжҵõʽܼʱ֣űס
ȻסˣȴʼջԲѡ
ôͻȻֹ֣ߵĴɱжô˶ӣ
ѵԪûж
ȫء



ڶǧٶʮ ʽܺͰ
أҲʱû˼ȥ뵽ôһ¶
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ڣһν֣һҪֳʤˡ
Ҳ֪ǲΪԪĳ֣Ϊ̫ڳԾЩ˷ԭһν֣ûö೤ʱֳʤ
ʤԪ
˵ߵ书ѷɫԪҲӦôͱܣӦûΪԪûжЩҷ磬ԼѸٰܱ
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˵ԪûжҪҪԪӮˡ
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һ߾Щˡ֮ǰΪԪжԣʽȥСӴ壬һεĴɱжֱʮþȡ
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ڶǧٶʮ 
濴
ͻصľȰ˵ľ֣˵ǳңգҪġ
ȻʱĽľѽӽ񣬱ʾƻɹҲϷ֡
Σֻñʾ󽫲Ϊľ¡һ˵ľҪ˺ʽܵĻֹ
⻰ǱοҲʽ뿪ˡ
ʵ֪Ѿʽܸлô캦飬Ҳһ˺ʽܡ
ֻǿϧ˵İûߵһѾ޷ͷˡ
ͽԲЭͽ˷ˣҲԲ캦飬ҲزʽˣҲҲܰʽˡ
һжź
˭ĴĴǻԼĴ
ƺдƺûдֻ˵һж˵İš
ĪκΡ
һ̾Ϣ֮󣬼濴
ˡȻѾ˵ȴʼղ˵һ仰ƺԵʽܺԪЩ
ʲô
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⵹ǶݸӺˡ
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ʲôˣŵʽһŪһܿ졣
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ʽܶʹһӴ֯ڰвٿصģٷǫ淽ǫߣ֯еҪ
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˵ݾԷͬѰڷǫȲҪɱ
֮ǰľ˵ǽʧȥԮ
ʱǲ׽ľеԮʲôԮ
ڣץʱҵеͻֵţǵǿԲ²һˡ
ӦһͻˣҵλܸߣľеԮӦñͻʡ
뵽һľΪԼļƻȻͻʹᣬ죬ǰѴ̡
Ȼֻǵһ²⣬ǲһ
濴
ݵʷʽһöָ˵öָǵʱѲġ
ָɣ沿Żͷţ沿һֻӥ
ʽϸ۲ָͻȻ֮ƺ뵽һֿܣϲѣŽָԪһȥ
ʽָܽչʾ˵öָġôݱͻʵĵɺ
ǼɺǴһѾµͻˣλܸߣȴû뵽ͻʵĿɺ
ͻʵĿɺǾ൱Ǵܵ죬ӣǻʵۣôܻ䵽ݳΪ
δЩ̫˼˰ɣ
Ȼʵô˼飬ľͻʼɺ
ʽõöָ˵ݣڿ˵ˣȷǼ
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ôһϵеˣΪͻʵĿɺôܵΪģö˶˵ΪʲôҪܵΪʲôʽܱݣ
УȻǼɺǽľΪʲôһҪɱ˵ǾͻʧȥԮ
Щ⣬Щܿ˴𰸡
ԼǼʽʽɺ񣬼ɺ֪ʽܵݡ
ԭɺ֮ǰһֱ֪ʽܵݣֲʽ˵Լء
֪˵ʽܵݣɺʽ˵ԭί



ڶǧٶʮ еʶ⿪
ԭͻڲʼշΪɣԼɺԼʼΪ׵ɣԼĪΪ׵սɡ
֮ǰĶʼղϡ
֮ǰɺʼϵĽ飬͡ɺΪĪȻἫԣȴ˭֪Īһȴһ̬ԣǳ޳ɡ
ɺʮ֣Ҳ벻Īһ̬ԭ
ûüɺԭԭĪܲ߻һ䡣
ɺӦĪȵİ㣬ֻֻ֮ߡ
֮ĪĴ׷ɱɺһҪɺ֮ءɺҪǱȥĪȵ˷֣׷ɱ
֮£ɺ뵽һ취ǾݣȻݽ죬Ȼܽعƽҡ
Ȼɺսݣ㱻ͻʼϸץ
ɺй¶ʼձտڲԡΪݴʷеģЩšָ֤Ʒ֮󣬱֪ݡ
ʱܡͻͣɺΪݴʷһȻ
Ȼüɺе𾪵ǣ֮ݴʷͻȻնףһֱܵ׷ɱüɺ˼⣬еԭ
ʽɺ˵Щԭί֮ȴʾһжѾˣеŶѾ⿪ˡ
ٷǫԼǱǸӴ֯ԭͻ浳Ī⹴ᡣ
ĪǳʼϺͻʹţĪΪԮ浳̾ݣﱸֻĪȴһӦⲢ٣¾ͻս֮УǱжȨ
ԭˣʱҲһУ֮ǰеʣһȫ⿪ˡ
ľеԮͻĪΪһɵĴҲǼɺɱĪȱܣʱ£ĪȴӦϣƱػ뵽ս֮С
´ңľлɱ볤ȡ֮Ϊڶ졣
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ҿʽѾ֪˽ľļƻȻ취ľһһ򾡡ľļƻܳɹˡ
Ȼڵʽܻ֪ǸӴ֯ԱǽľⲢûʲôϵŵʽܺܿͻ֪ġ
ʽܱʾͻʹһѾסڵĵ֮ҪݻǸӴа֯ɺعƽҡ
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ʽܺͽľչж˭ʤ˭Ϳһˡ
˵ʤ߲˵Ҳǵʽܡ
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ʽһ鵽͢һչжһСɽеĶѨ飬ʽܷЩһɽǲɾʯҤ
˹ĳ֣͹ٸɽ塣
ԭǸ֯ùΪڻץ񹤳䵱ۣ͵￪ұΪģı׼
ٷǫùٸ·ɽϽ˶Ŀ
ǰǫ浳ƣɽǸ֯תƣþʯסڣˮҤɱڡ
ɥõʽܸеʮֱߡ
֮󣬵ʽһ˵򿱲飬ҪһطˣʽԤе͵һ
ʵȻˣʽһڹ˵˵Ԫղڣһоա
ս룬ʽѲ򡣽һֳֿľ޴󰵵ڰУҵ˶ʧĹʹŵңԼʧٵǡ
οǣЩǶš
󣬵ʽһش֣һ߷ɱŮʬ䴩װܹӦñ֯ԡ
֯ԷԾˣʽƺˣƺš
ȴ֪һǼٵģԽľһѿǵϷѡ
ľɱǾԲܵġ
Ҳ֪ľʱѾߣ˵ѾǱݳˡ
ΪԼһΪõʽΪѾˡ
ƾԼţܹƭʽܡ
˵ʽ಻ţӦöѾҪˡ
󣬵ʽַһˣ˵ĳõʽܴ⡣
Ҳʮ־档
˱ǹ¸տʼʱͻʺ׵ģȻ˵ϼ
Ȼû⡣



ڶǧʮ ÿ
Ȼûʵ˴⡣
ʽҲǳ⣬Ҳǳϲ
ʽĸ׳Щ飬ڼûȻˡ
ʽܣڳƲʽ˵ֵԭ
˵һ֮ǰͻʣδǱϮͽ裬ٴʱ򣬱ˡ
ԭˣӵʱͽûɱֻǽߡΪڹؼʱ̣ܹʡ
ǰԵͷ⵹ǽ⿪һǲѾõɻ
տʼʱϮ¼Уͽǲɱݡ
ʱǲ״ͽɱ֮ΪʲôҪһٵĽݣ
ˣԭǲûɱֻǽoһΪѾˡȻȻҪˡ
ɻ󱻽⿪ĸоǷǳˬġ
Ƿǳˬļ濴
ѲɽѨţڵʽ˵һľϲʽԪչ
֮Ԫʾһεջ޴ȻʽȴԪ˵ǸոڹЩͽֻǸ֯һС˰ˡ
⣬Ǹ֯ұѨо͸дĿȴһҲûҵ˵ԷѾתˡǵı»ʹ£Ӳ̻ں档
ǰԵͷǵʽܣһжʮ͸
򵴳ؼ޲裬棬һлο͵ʽܵĶ顣
õʽٴп
󣬵ʽһлصݡ
ʱʥּ´֮ͬǰʽҪͽӵ󣬷ʽΪӱоܹܣͽЭɺعƽѡ
ɺʽܵ𣬵ʱĽһ޺ãܿս֮عƽȥˡ
һ棬ʽܷͻȻӿ֪Ǹ֯ļƻչ
ʽܳأԴ֪ӳ͢ʮ򾫱Ѿ漪ɺȥͻƽѣݸһʱޱɵڳʵһıĿճǼơ
ľĥȭպգչжʽȴޱɵ˫һεĽʵǲòΪʽѺ
Դ֮󣬽ľûֹ⵹Щɻ󣬽ľ׶㵽ʲôطȥˣ
УͺȻ󶼶иʽˡСġѶϢԪһҪõʽܡ
Ԫʻǲ֪Щʲôʱ򣬻ֱʾֻ˵ôˡ
Ҳɻ󣬻͵ɶ˼˼ƺǵʽΣգʲôΣȴֲ˵ֻǰõʽСģԪõʽܡ
⵽ǸʲôǸ㲻
ʽܻʲôΣգľȷɱʽܣʱľ֪㵽ʲôطȥˣôɱʽܣ
Ȼ㲻ǾȲȥˣ濴
һ˼֮󣬵ʽܳɹˣľݳе㣬챦š
ش֣ʽܲɫнвá
һ棬սڼ֮ʱµȴȡ֣ҪԪ뿪ʽܵá
ԪĵʽܵİȫϴӦʽȴĳıʾʮǰϿܸ棬Ըֽڲɱ˴ܻڵֻˣ֮һ
˴ͽܣȴ漣ػⲻܲ˵֮ҡ
ԣǾٳ⡣
ʽܸԪԪãά
Ԫ˵ʽܵģӦá
Ϥʷǿʱ򣬰ԵͷʵʷʽܵȷʼĻ¡
Ϊ֮һʼò⣬Ǿǵ޵ʱӦýλãǴպˣ
϶봫λõġ
ȻҲ취ȥԵ̫֮λΪ®
ֻΪ֮ϣҪ촫λպ˵˺ܶ࣬ŲһеҪλá
һΣֶ˼Ϊ̫ӣѯʴǵʽ˵ҿ˶˼Ƴ£̫ӣ®ɡ
ŭȴûΪѵʽܡ
ԵʽܼΪκ;أΪϡӲֱõʽй֮˵ÿݵʱ޵嶼еʹ
⣬컹˵ʽڹֵ񣬲Ա˵ûʮҪľ£ͲҪȥŵҹˡ
ʽȥʱʹ޵ÿӣ
ϳգ׷ʽΪĲֺ࣬šĻݡ
˺󣬳͢ÿд²ܾϣ춼ʽܣ̾ΪʲôҪôҵĹϣ
Եʽ˾أʽܶȻҲǾϹᣬĻ²ìܡ
ҲΪԵʽʮ־أ˵ʽܵĽ飬®Ϊ̫ӡ
֮ԼλΪơ
˵ܹԻָʽ˺͡



ڶǧʮһ ΤĸŮԣǼ٣
˵˵ʽܵĽ飬®Ϊ̫һ£һò˵Ĺ£ǱĵʽܡθơĹ¡
ֶ˼Ϊ̫ӣѯʴǵʽܱʾҪ̫ӣǷ®Ī
쵱ʱܲˣȻûвɵʽܵ
һֵΣв⣬õʽܽΡ
˵
һǣεԼ˫½ŴһϷȴʼղӮ
ʽܽε˫½ʤΪûˣھʾ¡̫¸һ¾Σˡ
εһֻģȫ۶ϡ
ʽܽεǱµϣָӡֻ®ԡӣֻҪ𸴶ӣ
ξʽ˵̫ڻʵη꣬ðʸʯƽ£ȵ۽иڱ£ȴҪƽ𣿿ңֶĸĸϵ׽Ϊ̫ӣǧֶ̫ӣû˵нùģ
Դ˺ܲˣ˵޵ļ£㲻˸Ԥ
ʽȴĺΪңµ¶Ǳ¼¡ԪףΪ֫һ壬ҳ࣬ܲأ
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ڽԽӻ̫֮λԵʽ˵ڽ̫ӻ㡣
̫ԸλΪż֮巶͵ˣ첡أ临Ƴ춨˻
Ԫ705꣬첡أż֮巶͵˳û䣬Ȳصλ
մλ̫ԣԵڶμλʵۣΪڡ
Եڶμλ󣬽ֻʵۣʮʱ򣬱ˡ
֮ʷΤͰֹ֣֮¶
֮ԶԣΪΤʵۣΪڶ졣ֹ̫Ů̳֮ΤĻλ
ԱΤͰֹ˵Ƚձ顣
ʵǷˣʵġ
һִʷУһᵽԱΤıɱµһΤУԵľ¶Աɫʡȥʮ̫ƽ¡Ϸ䡣ʱһĽʿ˵ΤȵۣǽҪɱΤΪȵ۱𣡡
Ȼ˵ΤֻǸҸֵɣΪ˽ʵݡ
ڶȫѰֹΪ̲Դġ顷Уᵽ뵱̫Ů޶صϸڣȴûᵽ¹
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˵ΤĸŮǽڵļزȫţпǵʱʤߵĻԣΪԼҵ㹻ɡ
ƾ¡̫ƽġ
Ӧڼ֪ƼѪܵŴʷƸ桢̫ڡʺƸͳͳС缲ڹŴָѪ༲
ԣĻʵǴ඼٣ʮ겡ʣҲ
ȻҲǳٵģ¡
ܵ˵˵ΤĸŮԣпһǧԩ
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࣬һõš
ȻΤͰֹʵۣ϶ģ֮Ů̫ƽҲʵۡ
λ̫ƽ㿪ʼ˺¡Ļλᡣ
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ò˵ɹ˻ʵ֮úܶҰĵŮˣȫȫΪڶ졣
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뵽Τ󡢰ֹ̫ƽЩ˶ҪʵۣϤʷǲипʵô
ʼǣʱȥҪǵʽܺͽľ׻һΣ
Ǻڴ濴
˵˵Ķ֮󣬵ʽȿʼжرţо֡թͻʴѵһɹţ˹ңΥһɰϸ۴
ʽܵһ˲˵˵ļƻΪݳرţо֣޷ٰ硣
໥֮ʧȥϵʹõ˵ص㣬챦еӦǣʱһš



ڶǧʮ 
Ϊʽرţо֣ͽ໥֮޷磬ʹ챦ķͽǻһš
ʱ򣬴پ˽˵һ
ЩͽĿУʽ˵˵ȫƻ֪˵˿ʼжȷʱ䡣
ھ˿ʼжֻвһʱʱˣνΣ
ӽһʱʱ䣬ڵʽ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
һʱʱ֮ݳսĻ
ʣľУʼעһ
ֻǣעһĹؼʱ̣ľȴȻûΪɻ
ľ׶㵽ȥˣ
ľûȴǷǳϷ¶úܡʽܺԪڴ󶼶սƻҲܲʱ˵ǰȥţΪϲ
Ҳȥݳǵսʱص㡣
ڷ£Ȼ˲ٵأ˶෢͹Ȼ˵ʽܵԯ֮⡣
Щ⣬ͽǵսƺеҪǿϲ١
ʽȴƺ⣬Ȼûһ˿ĻҡԪ˵ƺܴ󣬵ʽܻ˵µľǲ
УԪ˵Ѿڹ򶼶ʵʽǷҪ뿪ʽЦǺǵıʾǹȻˡ
ʽЩƺרŵŷͽǹһ
ʲôûиס
ʽ߳Ԫ֮⣬Ҳڡʽ˵Σգݣȴϻݣ˵ǾҪڵʽߡ
ⲻһ㶼ơǶԽԽϲˡ
֮󣬷ͽѾãԪɻ˵ղӵսǳǿôô׵ľõ˹˶ã
ʽ˵Ѿղɵƽȥˣﲢûղӡ
⻰ûʲôëϸһ룬ȴһαЩɻ
ȥƽҪʽܵղȻǲҪġ
ղǱղ˵ģɲطƽѵġݳҪƽʽҲȫûбҪԼղȥ
ڵʽƫƫԼղȥƽˣ˵ĸоڵģԼղս̫ǿղڣЩѾƵġ
ϵʽ֮ǰ˵Щ˼ƺѾԣǾǵʽҪľǣЩѾܹԶĵط
ʽǳһԵĲϳ
Ǹ㲻ף֪ʽһĳ⣬ֻʱ͸ˡ
Ȼ͸ǾͲȥҲӦúܿͻˡ
ѾڲԶԪʵʽܣǷҪȥæ
ʽ˵ԪǱԪȥæ
ȴ˵̫ڵҪ˱ҲҪӲ
⻰ЩǹĿ࿴ѵá
ʽζ˵һ䣬һ̫ڵ
˵ʽܵ⻰ǶĿ϶Ӧʲô˼Ŷԡ
ʽ˵⻰ʱΪζƺָ벻ˡ
벻ס
Ǻܿˡ
ʽζ˵꣬һ̫ڵ֮˵һ䡰Ҳա
󣬵ʽԪʿȫǰȥ֧Ԯ
ʽΪʲôҪԪеʿߣЩûʲô⡣
֪ǲܵ˵ʽܵӰ죬ڿʱǸо⣬Ҳ⡣
⵱ȻǺ飬ƷҪԽԽ˼
Ԫ˸еʿʽֻܵʣˡ
溰ɱ죬ͻȻһذףϣ˵˹Ʒߣɱ
⻰ٴǶĿ࿴ĵҲңȷ̫ڵ
ֻǺܿ죬Ǿʹʧɫ
ʽĻ֮ģ˵̫ڵ
ȻȴͻȻһЦ˵̫ڵأ
һЩûзӦ⻰ʲô˼ʱͻȻذ״ʽܣĿﺰšȥɣ
ôʲôǴʧɫ
ôͻȻ֮⸱ģΪʲôҪɱʽܣ
ȵȣԣʯ֮䣬ͻȻ֮ƺʲô
ʽܽԼղɵȥƽѣ˵ЩʲôµľǲǹȻˡ֮ĻԪʿȫߣһζģһ̫ڵ
Щƺŵʽ֪Ҫɱ֮ǰЩΪĳṩ
֡
ʯ֮䣬뵽ЩĿԺܸߣǲһΪʲô



ڶǧʮ ֮
벻һжΪʲô
ڶ˵벻ײҪҪͻȻ֮䣬ذ״ʽܣʽܹ㿪
ңʽΧѾûʿǵʽܶĵһ̣֮׵Ļʽܹܶù
ǲЩǡ
ؼʱ̣һͻȻ֣˵ʽܵǰʽ̹ܰذס
˺Ȼǻ͡
οؼʱ̻ʽܰһʽ֮ǰһĻᡣ
ֻϣͰһҪʲôͺá
书ܸߣһӦòʲôɣǶġҲ˵ǶҰοġ
Ϊʲôֱӽ߷ɣҪһ
һ벻סԻ͵书ֱӽ߷ɣӦһ׾ٵ飬ΪʲôƫƫҪȥһأ
͵ͻȻ֣õʽܺһ
ʲôӦöڵʽܵԤ֮Уû뵽ͻͻȻһ
ȴͻȻ˷ƵģȻڻ͵ϴͼȲܣҲַôվʹ̡
ˣҲˡ
ٴǴʧɫ˵͸ոֻǰһӦûж󣬵ְ˼ôǾҪ˰
Ͳܾ˰ɣ
ԽܵģȻߣ˺ܶ캦飬ԵڵʽߣǶԻͲûк⣬Ϊ͵ҲΪʹûҪ˺ʽܡ
ԣǾϣ;ȥΪȵʽܶ
УΪʲôô൶ȴʼղ֣Ի͵书Ҫֱּ׾٣Ϊʲôվʹ̣
ǰ˼⡣
ʽܽһ仰ȴ˲С˻Ϊʲô֣֮ǰ֡
ʽܶ˵Ҳǽľ
ԭǽľ
ˣеһжˡ
Ϊʲô߷֮Ϊʲô֣Ϊİˡ
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֮ǰ˵ľҪɱʽܣֹ
Ǽס˻˵仰ֻڲ֪ͳֹɱʽܵʱ򣬾˵ټʱ
֪Щ֮ͻȻһ޾ĸˣΪͶˡ
һο϶ˣΪѾĴ
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Уԭڹ¸տʼʱʹŽĿģȥҤ֮⣬һҪĿģǾǽ
ڷͽԵݵһ֮󣬴ҶΪˡȴ֪Ѿɹ˳ݣָһıλľ޴ı
⣬ǻˣΪʲô֮󣬽ľҲûгֹˡΪǾһˡ
֮ǰһ룬ľ׶㵽ʲôطȥˣ֪ˣԭľ㵽ʽȥˡ
ֻǣʽӦ֪ˣǽľ֮ǰŻһϵеİţŻһζģһ̫ڵ
֮ǰһϵаţΪľ¶Ŀ
ȻԼѾɱ˸ʽһʿûУΪļƻѾɹˣ¶Ŀ
ʽ֮ҪԼ¶ĿӦﻹһ˿룬ϣԼжǴġ
ֻΪ̫ڵա
ڵʽܵʼ£Ĳϣϲ·
ϧĳ֣õʽܵĻľǽľ
أʽܵһǳʹġ
͵ˣѾĽľ׼ٴʽֵʱ򣬻վŷһٽľ
˵κ˺ʽܣİҲС
ˡ
ߣѪɱ֣ҲǶصж
ڵʽܵĻͼѵ˵ʵһֱѵʽܵĸףκ˺ĸףİҲС
֮󣬻Զı۾
ȫһ̾Ϣˡ
ʱԪѾ˽浳ܣɱĴԮϱһ硣
浳翹һ֮ȫûľҲʽܿơ
ľʽܵվսԵʽܵʤա
ͻʹűɱһ඼ѾףӴ֯״ݻ٣ԽľҲɹơ
ʱ򣬵ʽڿɹ᰸ˡ



ڶǧʮ β
ʽڿɹ᰸ˣʹžꡱĹ£Ҳβ׶Ρ
Ϊȵʽܶһֱʹõı
ʽܽתԪ˵סɡԪӹ˵ԼԺýԼλѡ
֮һƣһҲǽľǰ
ʽ˵ΪĸֲǣԼѡ
ԣʽҪԾԾˣͿи˵ʡ
Ȼд˶ܵǣ̫ҲᱻǣУʽ˵ûлء
Ԫ˵ʽΪνŻѪԴˣͬ
һԼϣǵʽܴû飬ѡ˶ƣǰµʱһǳıʹ
һƣĽ֡Ǵʱûзڷĳ죬еֻ޾ĸп
Ϊ翵ĵΣһ̫ﾹȻͻʹᣬԼĹңкԼҵİգǺĿɱͿ̾
ڵʽշһС
̫ٹУŹٸʶʽ᰸¡
ʽܽĹ̺Ͱ참ĽڻͺҲἰ
ֻǣʽܹ˵˵ʵȻ෴
ʽ˵ϼͽ֣֮Ȼٽң壬ԿΪҿ
ڻͣʽ˵ǧţɽʿ䣬Ž湦ӹΰΪ΢֣ʹ֮Ϊһ²
˵ʽܻ˵ǲ⣬ʽܲǰһζ˽
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ֻĽ֤ȫˡȻŵʽܹڻ͡˵˵ʣ׼ˡ
ðɣʽӦ׼һ׼ࡣ
ʽܻصƻ裬콫ʽٵ԰֮¡
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쿴ŵʽܣЦʽҲЦˡ
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ҲһЦֻһʶϺ꣡
ݣʽܽԽ衣Ԫˣʵʽ˵ϣ
ʽ̾Ϣ˵ǽһѪȷ磬˸ɾ
Ԫ˵ְһ²ΪҹУΪܵܶԼܹ֯һ֧Ӵѵ飿
ʽܻش˵ֹһε濤Ϊõš
ڣʽҲһⲻɻ
ɻԶҲⲻֻ֮ͻ⿪
˭֪أ
ǷݹᴩڻȼմӵͻȻʹűɱһڻľš
и渴ӵİŵʽȥƻ񣬵ͻʹűɱһ׵Ľˡ
ǡ̽ʽܡⲿƷĵһһǿղܣΪ񫡣
һȻˣۣȴԶԶûн
ϣĸпȻһḶ́ܿͱú˷ܣΪ渴ӣʷ׳ʶ˷ܡ
۷׷ס
¸տʼʱ֮ǰҾһԤУһһ󰸡Ȼһ󰸣졣ư£ʵղܡ
һ֣ȻԶԶЩƷܹᲢ۵ġʵ̫ˡ
ⲻϻƷЩܹģ
ͻʹűɱһһ󰸡УֺзǳСţԣ˵СֻͻʹűɱһԡЩɶСڱ𴦣ǶǶһĴ󰸼ˡְаİ̾Ϊֹ
ǰһһŲϱ⿪ڸеˬͬʱòпĲ֮֮ɣ֮棡
ң⻹ֻǵһһ˵͸ˣİڶⲿƷӵڴˡ
Ҹұ֤İӵ͸ӣһ뵽и͸ӵİڵǣ˾ͱ˷ܺͼ
ϣЩƷĴǣܹúõоѧϰڰĲ֣ȻԼܹͻơ
Ӧûȥоİɣ뱻г̭ǾͱҪȥо




ڶǧʮ һĺ
ϣ۲ֹڸп졢ӡʱҲϣЩƷĴǣܹúõоѧϰͻʹűɱһ
ȻЩƷĴǣܹ˶ȡͻƣԺӾʵĹƷ
Ҳ֮ڴƳƷһҪԭ
ʵϣЩƷĴǣѾڿʼоͻʹűɱһˡ
ʵǸӼУΪҪԴΪǾͱҪܱг̭
Ҫ벻г̭Ψһİ취ͻϴĹƷ
ҪβͻоĹƷѵİ취֮һ
ԣȲĿʼо
ԽоԽǸпͻʹűɱһĲ֮֮ɣ֮棬ֱ̾Ϊֹ
⻹ֻǵһ뵽Ժ󻹻иİԼоһڹƷĴǣ̲ס˷ܺͼо˻͸ɾ

˵ǾͲҪȥоˣֻҪܺͳԾͿˡ
ǳ˸пĸ֮⣬ڰгֵĺܶҲǽֵ
У˵ʽ֮⣬ǽֵԪͻ͡Σľ졢ɺЩҲͬἰ
ԪڵʽõĿģǴԪĵУȷ˵ʽܴܺæȹʽܵ
᰸ʱԪµĹͣȻԶԶ֮ǰµĹʧǸеϲ
ϲǣʽУԪ빦֮󣬻ԪãӦˡ
ϲѾϰ˵ʽһԪԪ书ǿܹڱҪʱ̱ʽܣʽ顣
ԪȻΪ˵ʽ߲ɻȱĵ֡
Ȼ˵ûԪʽҲܹ࣬ϾҪ鷳öࡣ
ڣԪڵʽߣʽܲ鰸Ȼ˷ܡ
鹹ԽԽϲˡ
Կ϶ʷϲûԪˡ鹹һ˵ǣԪΪƷɫ˲٣Իһǳɹ
˵òҾϲԪ˵ҲÿԪ˵仰ҶһΪĸо
ԪôʽƺܰѯԪȻԪĻشʱ򶼲ôףЩʱҲܹʽѡ໥֮䣬ԽԽ˼ˡ
ԪոճʱһΪǸ׽ɫءû뵽ôһҪĽɫ
ԪȷӦûһǳҪĻԺÿһԪʼΪڵʽߡ
Ԫĳ֣˲ٵĿ㡣鹹һֱǡô

˵ԪԵʮϲȷΪƷɫ١
˵ͣǸľźˡ
һ
Բ㡣
Ѫɱ֣ɱ˺ܶ޹ˣЭ浳˷ˣԼĹңкԼҵİա
˵Щ飬ܲǻ͵ı⣬ֻڰİ˽ľԼҪ죬ЩϾˡ
ǧɣҲܹΪңкյĽڡ
һ˫մˣԵʽܵΪϿֿ˵һˡ
ֻǶڵʽܶԣһˡ
֪ΪΣǶڻͲûк⣬Ի͵еź͸ˡ
ΪʵҲһˣΪʽܷŻ뿪֮󣬻Ҫһĺˡ
Ӧ˵ʽܲЭ浳˷ˣɱ޹ٲкգˡ
ڻ͵һֱһĺˡֻ˵İɼ
һһ˵Ŀ֮ˣǰݵġ
һˣҪһˣΪһ֮ˡȻˣҲԼѡµЩ£ȷ޷ԭ¡ֻǶûкˡ
ȷǶԻûк⣬µЩ¿ԭ¡Ըһӣܹһĺˡ
Ȼ˺ܶĴ£ΪʽܵʱҵĻǱˣĲϣϣܹһĺˣϧԶûлһĺˡ
ȷźꡣΪʽܵʱѾһĺˡ
ӦðɣѾûźˡ
֮ǰ˵ԸǱߵûгޡϣǱߵûгްɡܹһĺˡ




ڶǧʮ 
Ԫͻ֮⣬ľ졢ɺҲἰ
˵ľǴҪ̾ҪΪʵ۵ŮˣǾԶһŮˡ
ʷϲûϼһʷϣܵӰ죬֮󣬵ȷŮҪʵۡΤ󡢰ֹ̫ƽǵ͵ĴǶҪΪڶ졣ҪΪʵۣôס
ΤͰֹûʲôϣ̫ƽгΪڶĿܡʵ۵ʱ򣬺ܶ¶Ҫѯ¡̫ƽһβ̵ʱ̫ƽν¡¡ҪΪ¡ȷʵ̫ǿ̫ƽпĸһΪߣʶ¡
ϧ̫ƽǿǶ¡ֻ˵¡ǿ
¡£ۺϹﵽ˶壬Ǿһǰٵ쳯ֻϧ¡꣬ķ˳յ˰ʷ֮ұǰٵһȥʵ൱źϧҸоƳ¡峯Ǭ¡ں̶ܴЩơ
㻹˵оǡǰڰѹþٲʢʢְѴõľֻ͡¡ҪһЩ
˵죬׿Ĳ˵ܹŮ֮Ϊ𣬵ȷ˲ò
⵹ǣܴ죬ò


ʥ塣
ЦǺǵ֣֣ϣôͻʹűɱһɻ⣿
֣ҲǺǺһЦ˵渴ӣ൱⡣ֻǣһ˵͸ӣȻѶǵ۹θڵ÷ǳߡİв磬ǻöǲһָ߿ߵĸоɲһ顣
֣ϷģİҶѾ˼ˣ渴ϣһֻǿǾҪʧҲס
֣ͷͺáˣܹ׼˶ٸ
İʮɣмᴩǳС
֣¶ϲɫ˵úúãǳڴ
ǰǮڻӽǵġ̽ʽܡϵƷĲǰһϵʽܡ
ĲƷеаνȫʮֵľ䣬ȻҪȫҪ
ң׼ϵĽаȫƳǺúõĿ񫡣
ڵһʹž꡷֮󣬽ŵĵڶǡ
Ҫ˵ǣݽ⣬ʱνϵʹĵʽܣԪ飬һũ죬дȺ۷ȥ棬ѭʮׯ
ֵȢףʽׯ֮һѣԼжϳ׮ǼҸȢȢһλ¥Ůӡ
УʽܻųжϳҲһĲǹĹٻ¡
ʽܵжȫ׼ȷҹӾ̾ʽܵˣ֮˽԰ιۣܼͬ
ʽܽ۷֮£컨Ứ𻨵˵·˴ġ
۵֮Ա˳죬ԱֵⷢʽܡԪ֮ʮŭ˽԰뿪
֮࣬뿪ׯ
֮󣬶ã̩󰸡
ŵİǣһ֮ڽʬ壬һͬص㣬ǶǳˣǰԳ⣬ںݱȴû뺣ﷸֳҲûһ˿ɹ
һƲθӵͷһ渴ӡѱľ󰸡
ʽܡԪٴ̤ư֮á
ǣҲһγİ֮С

֮󣬡ǡصУӭһλѾкóʱûм˵ѣɣ³糤¡
ڽµͻȻʵ⣬ܹµµ⡣
ӣûǰ˵˴ڵʱҲûȥũׯ칫㣬תˡ
һֱӽ˴ӣҪһܹܲڴѾϤˣҪһ⡣
⣬ܲ˳ԺúõĹһũׯôʱûԵũׯĹģϴʱҪúõתһת
ڴûҲûйϵǾֱȥˣѾȥֻһˡ
µȻڴﲢûת̫ʱ䣬ԶԶĿ
֮󣬽Եú˷ܣ첽߹ȥԶԶľ͸ˡ
֪ǽˡ
ŤͷһȻкóʱûмѣ



ڶǧʮ ܾ
µͻȻã⣬¿첽Ҳͬ첽˹ȥ
߽֮Цѣӭĵ
һѡ
ѹ󣬽˵ũׯĹģϴʱֹʵϣúõתһת
ЦȻˣҾúõһߡ
µлһ⡣
˿ʼũׯɢ
һɢһ̸̸Ȼٲˣɽɣ³淢еġĦ˹̽
Ħ˹̽Ĺ£ѾһʱˣĦ˹̽ȴȻ
ºˣν׬˸
˵Ħ˹̽ЦϲĻһιҪĿģӦΪ̽ʽܡ
¹һЦҲĨǣ˵ǣٴ̽Ʒһϲ¡
ǽӦ֪̽ʽܡҹƴΪĹƷڶ涼롶Ħ˹̽в𡣽ȷⲿƷȤ
⻰Ȼǹ˵ģ뿴һ¶ⲿƷĿȻ֪ⲿƷҲܻͬӭ
ǰġƵҹ֤һ㡣
ƵҹȻ˸Ļַȸ棬ȫǵ͵йƷдû˿̽ƷдӰӡ
ôƵҹܹңдġ̽ʽܡȻҲԡ
һʼµˣºпΪ̽ʽܡ
ʵȷˡ
һ˵ǹһЦ˵ȷҵȻȷⲿƷȤ֪̽ʽܡǹĹƷ̽ƷдַкܴĲ𣬵̽ưıȴһġѾ˷벢ҿˡ̽ʽܡĵһΪʽܵڸĦ˹֮¡Ƕ̽ңⲿƷԶԹƴʷĻΪ˽⡣ܶҵˣԹʷĻŷǳŨȤԣţ̽ʽܡһܵҵĶǵĻӭȻ֮˿϶ҪԭǣƷʵϣҵĸĦ˹ǣѾ֪ٴڴ̽Ʒ̽ʽܡҪⲿƷԸѾʮǿҡ
ŶЩĦ˹Ѿ֪ˣһǲһʱûôעЩĦ˹ǵĶ̬
ЦѾ֪ˡʵϣڡ̽ʽܡʼ֮ǰǾѾ֪ˡٴ̽ƷĴ£ҵýǵıδؾͻȻý١
ͷҲ⡣ΪĦ˹ľ޴Ӱ죬ٴ̽ƷϢȷڵһʱҵĹע
ЩýǵıȷδػȻý϶٣ֻûôע̫˽ˡ
󣬽ֵɣ³Ҫ桶̽ʽܡ֪ɷԸ⣿Ȼ㿪ʲôɣ³綼ͬ⡣
ŶЦЦ˵ⲿƷгǰƺǳֹ۰
µȻҲ˵ⲿƷܹ񡶸Ħ˹̽ãԲȥ
ͷΪĻдַĲ죬̽ʽܡȷĦ˹̽Բ̫
ȻǰġƵҹȻ͡Ħ˹̽ȣԶᲢۡ
ڵһǡĦ˹̽ߣΪ̽ʽܡ۵춨ΪʵĻ
̽ʽܡδʽУҵĶǣѾҪĶǿԸ
ۻ֮ǰġƵҹҪǿ
ߣǰġƵҹʱ򣬡Ħ˹̽Ѿʮ꣬ȴһ
ȻҪԭ򣬻Ϊҵǣڴٴ̽ƷԸǿҳ̶Ⱦڻ֮¡
ڣٴ̽ƷȻ̽Ʒҵ˵ⲢֻҪ̽Ʒǻ˷ܡ
ҲеССźΪǾ͸ˡ
ʵҲǽ¶ԡ̽ʽܡǰ˵ֹ۵Ҫԭ
Ҫ桶̽ʽܡȻܾҳ桶̽ʽܡĴ㣬ҪЩҵ֪Ҳһλ̽ʵڸĦ˹֮£һЩϣй֮
Ҫõʽܺ͸Ħ˹һΪ̽
ͬʱҲǰġƵҹ¾
ڳȻᣬʲôӦң֪µȷʵġ
ôҲͲ׼ʲôֵˣһоͰաĦ˹̽ı׼ˡ



ڶǧʮ С˵ң
˵Ҫ桶̽ʽܡȻԣҵաĦ˹̽ı׼Ϳˡ
ϲɹ¡̽ʽܡİȨǾζɣ³磬ֽ׬һʲɹĲƸ
˵İաĦ˹̽ı׼ͬϲԭ㼴ٿ̵ҲһҪ¡̽ʽܡİȨ
ûҪýϲͬʱпվ
Ƭ̣˵Ҫȵܹ֮档
µȻȻӦõġ
ЦЦ˵ȻҲõȵȫɡصڶǡȵ֮һȵǰ꣬нǰ档ǡ̽ʽܵһʱһѸ
һδϲ˵ãããʵ̫ˣлʵ˷ǳڴ
Ҳڴŵʽ񸣶Ħ˹һΪҼ̽
Цǿ϶ģʽһ񸣶Ħ˹һһλ̽ûбˡֻǿϧʱ꣬ȻȻͬػǳ˼
ͬЦ뷨Ļȷǳ˼
µϧˣʵź
ҲǲԣؼͿܹܲˣ
Ŷֵʱ꣬ôܹ
Ц֪ɷ֪ӹ
ӹµҵȻ֪ˣӹҲǹһλҡȻ֪ӹġһ֪ӹдС˵ġ
ͷӹڷС˵֮󣬿С˵ʱ֪˽⣿
µӹС˵һ֪ġֻС˵ʲôС˵ͲˡǳźһûаݶӹƷ
ȤĻȥӹС˵Ʒʱ֪ʽܺ͸Ħ˹ˣͨʲôķʽˡȻⲻҪġҪǣᷢһȳ桶̽ʽܡ̻
ʲô̻ȻǽС˵ҡ
ʵʱ⣬ոս˵ʽܺ͸Ħ˹޷˷ǳźȻȻľ뵽˴Խ
ʽܺ͸Ħ˹ˣ˭Խ˭ʱǶ
С˵˵Ǿƽĳ
뵽С˵ͻȻһ֣С˵ҵ뷨
ǰһЩǵƷѾггǰǳ
֤С˵ңǿ϶ŷǳгġ
ңΪ͹ӹ˵ľ޴ӰҪС˵ңȻǰӵףЧҲõöࡣ
ԣһֵȥ顣
±һǳʵģֳɵĺ顣
һпֱܷȳ桶̽ʽܡ̻˲ͱü˷ܺͼ
Ǳ˶˵Ȼǲŵģ˵š
ڿ֮󣬾ͻ֪ʽܺ͸Ħ˹ˣַͨʽ⣬ԵòôҪˡ
Ȼ϶еġ
¼˵úúãڿʼҾȫȥ˽ӹС˵
Цͺãһֳõĺǲһʱ
õĺһԵøˣ˵ǳлṩһλᣬʵ̫лˣ
ֵˡԸԺ͹ӹɺ
µһᾡŬȥȡġֻ˵ӹʮأû¶档֪ɷΪһ£
ЦֱȥЦܷܷСͿˡ
µͷ֪ЦңҽӹС˵ƷоϤ֮󣬱ȥݷܷܷС㡣
ףˣ
µллԸҵ᲻
־һЩ˽һ߽һ߲ιũׯ
ũׯģչ֮죬ý²ͣĸп
ι۽֮󣬽ȥԵ¥һ䷿䡣
뿪ģһʱˡ
̽ʽܡصڶȵؽкһʱ䡣
ʱũׯооӹС˵Ȼȡ͹ӹɺ
·ǳļС



ڶǧʮ ҵ̽Ǻڴ
֮ͨ󣬽¿ʼĶӹС˵ĵһƷǡɡ
õĿƪܿý³׳ԡ
ʱҵ̽ǣۡ̽ʽܡⲿƷǻûпⲿƷǻֻ֪Ʒ̽ʽܡȻⲿƷŷǳǿҵȤ
ֻΪⲿƷĿǰڴеģһµ̽Ʒ
ԡĦ˹֮̽̽ǿٴ̽ƷԸʼռΪǿҡ
ǿҳ̶ȣ֮ڵй֮޲
ڣٴ̽ƷȻǼΪ˷ܺͼֻΨһССźǾǡ̽ʽܡΪ
Ȼ̽ԶԴҲǳ⣬Ͼǻˣ˼ҲΪƷǡ
ѾһĦ˹̽ѾһĪĻԵˡ
ԣһССź֮̽Ǹ˷ܺͼԻΪ±ԻΪ±ɣֻҪͿˡ
ңǳ̽ǣԻʷĻΪĸȤⲿ̽ʽܡ˹ʽ˵ǻƳʷϣʵŵģڶϰƵʵʷ±ҲǻʷϵƳһƷܹʽܹ˽һЩƳʷʵһһõ顣
һĻ̽ʽܡԻʷϵƳΪƺҲǳĲ
̽Ǻ˷ܣȻֻ֪Ȼ鲻ֹ
ʷǧĲʷΪûԻͺ;ԶĹңû֮һһֱԻʷĻǳȤרоһʱ䡣Ƴǻʷ֪ĳ֮һû֮һǾһûԻ͵ĳ˵Ǹʱϵ쳯һҲΪ̽ƷƳΪǷǳϲڴġ
ҶԻʷĻҲЩȤȻûרȥо֪ƳǻʷϣһǳҪ֪ĳ˱бڶϰĵʽܡܹʽܶϰĹ£Ҿ÷ǳҡǲ֪ǹʲôʱܹⲿƷϣܹһ㡣
ҶԻʷǲô˽⣬ʽǻʷϵʵ𣿡
ǵģһܹ϶ӦöܹõУ㲻֪ʽܣӦ֪ɣǻʷΨһŮʵۣν󡣡
죿֪ǻʷΨһŮʵۡ͵ʽй𣿵ʽƳˣǣƺƳİĳʲôˣƺƳ
ĳܡ
ԣԣǡܡܳĻʵۣƳĵʽӦûʲôϵɣ
ģȷƳģƳ̫ڡλʵ۵Լ˻ʵ֮󣬽ɡơΪˡܡ֮һλʵֽۣŸĻˡơԣʵҲ˵ƳĻʵۡ
ԭô˵ʽӦñʵʱĴˡ
ȷʽܹ࣬εĴ֮һ֪ⲿ̽ʽܡ᲻ֵ֣ĻǻҼλŮʵ۵ķɡ
˵ʽڻʷϣһֱڶϰơ֪͸Ħ˹ȣ˭һЩ
ȽϺ˼ȴд𰸡Ҫд𰸵Ļǿ˭һЩ
ûʽȻʵʷ̽ʽܡĹ£϶ȫ鹹ģʷϵʵ¼ʽܺ͸Ħ˹˭ȷҪ˼ˣƻǲñȽϡΪ̽ʽܡдַ϶͡Ħ˹̽дַкܴĲͬƷдַͬǺѽֱӱȽϵġ
̽ưƷڻҲƷдַȷ̽ƷдַͬⲢûйϵֻҪƷʲôдַǶһͬľʡѾʶ˸Ħ˹ķɣӦüʶʶʽܵķˡ˭ǿˡ̽ʽܡ֮⡣
ڶûп̽ʽܡ˭⣬Ҳûֻۡǣ֪Ҫʲôʱܹ̽ʽܡ
ýǵıǱѾصڶˣҾǹЩ硢־ԿȥһˡȰѵһ˵
ɣ³粻˵ѾȥְȨҲֵ֪ôˣ
Ħ˹̽ɣ³緢еģƺĵΣһ¡̽ʽܡİȨӦûʲô⡣Ϳʲôʱܹʽˣ
ϣܹһ㣬Ȳˡ




ڶǧʮ 
ҵ̽ǵȵúܼУѾȲ뿴ˡ
ɣ³֮ǰϢ˵Ѿǰ˻ӦİȨ
̽Ƕɣ³绹ĵģΪĦ˹̽ǳģƺΪΣ̽ʽܡҲǳĿԺܴ
ڵɣ³Ϣɣ³Ҳȷûʧ
ɣ³緢һٷ棬ʾɣ³ѾɹӦȨ̽ʽܡڻ֮󣬾ͻὫǰɲᣬʽС
Ϣһҵ̽ǣڵһʱһƬǵȵȷеϢˡ
ȷеϢˣҲ˾ڴ
ǰɲ棬ҲǳʣȿһԿ񫣬ֲõȵ̫á
̽ȫ֪ڻǱصڶƺѾعˣĻ֮Ӧþܹ̽ʽܡˡ
µʱ䣬̣Ҳ㳤̽˷ܵĵȴš


̽ʽܡڶǡÿ춼أŰĲ룬ǣ¼ԽǸӣҲ롣
ʽܽҿʱеǲڻȻԭȻ
ʱȥǷ֡ǡȵһʹž꡷ӵ룬౻ҿʱ򣬴̶ܵȣҪȡʹž꡷ΪǿҵĶࡣ
磬һʼ㶼ΪѾ˵֣ȻûһΪ˵ʽưһǳؼ
Ӱ˵ǡ֮ʹž꡷й֮޲
ЩΪ̽ʽܡʼĵһ̫ھޣЩĺİˣ׵ķġ
ҵĵĹȻǶġƷȻʧ
͸˵ˣȫ죬֪˰ɣ

ϣڵڶۣȻҲΪ֣еȫǳ˷ܡ
ǲϵڻζԽǻζԽǸп
ڻζĹУʼնһڴѾ˵ľʣʼصĵȻҲƽ
ʵ˼Ϊڴ
ڿʼأֽѪӥ
Ѫӥ֪ΪΣǿѪӥ֮ͻȻһǳɭĸо
һЩСԣûĴһ
ȻˣǻȲĿʼʽĶɭֻҪеʽܺԪڣǾ;е¡
ò˵ʽܺԪˣǿ
Ѿʼ
ϡ¤ҡӶȻͬʱɱߡʮعٸڿֳʱûзκֻڰֳѪͼһֻѪӥ
ԭѪӥô˼һ׼ͽÿɱ֮󣬶ֳµһɱ˱ǡȫ뵽Ū˰Ѫӥ˼
ɱ֮󣬻ֳɱ˱ǣⲢһϡ飬һЩֵȷϰߡ
֮ΪԼһֲĿУֻǶԹٸһƵȵȣԭкܶࡣ
ֻǣһµɱ˱ǣΪʲôһֻѪӥǲǴʲô
Ϊһǳɱ˱ǣһ˵һɱ˱ǣʲô˼
ȫһ⣬ڿνѾһ̽˼ά
ԼҲһ㣬Ƿǳ˷ܣǸоԼҲһ̽ˡ
صУװеߣûݻˡ
ôʲôԭЩ˾һʲôԭǲɱ¾
Ǻܿµɻڷǳڷ⡣
ʽֳָ永µ˼Сƾֱʽ϶Ǳһ永һְҵ˷ܡһͬƻ̵׷һϸߵ͵ĳ嶯õʽܵЩƽ
ԪҲĦȭƣߴٵʽϸֳϸϸؿһ
ȻʽȴźıʾѭȻΪ࣬ȴٰ참
ԣȥֳ鰸
ȻͻȻأʽ֮ܽжϳĲǾ˼£ʵʲô󲡡
ֻǣһɱϣ֪ɱ˶ˣе֣⵹ǾЩ֡
˵ʽܴ𰸣ԭֹˡ
ʮ֮ǰɱ»ִ̫͡͸͵һֻ󸣬ʱһͬᡣ
ڣֻǰ
Ϊĳ֣ΪֹˣجΣΪֹȶء
ԭǵ˵ͷɱ̫ˣܶף˶֣Ҳ֮С
ֻǣ϶ǲڵġֻ»̫һĴ󸣬ͻȻǰȻǹ֣Ϊ
ʽܽЩһ˵󾪣æʵʽ˭ΪʲôҪ
ʽܱʾڻϣƾŶϰľ飬϶¶˴Ϊ֣ñηﵽԼɸ˵Ŀġ
֮һа˵ʽµ̩ǰݷõʽܣ˵ؽׯһ׮永ֳҲһֻʺĵѪӥ
ʽܸе˰Ȼǣ浽ϡӶ¤ҡӵӽ£ϵǣڣһװȻǣĵʮݣʮأⲻܲ߶ȵӡ˽˵ݰֳ̩ڴ˾ٲϳ棬⵽ʹѹ˲ˡ
һİʼˡ



ڶǧʮһ һθܵƷ
һİʼˣŵʽ׸ֳ鿴桢ֲġѪӥһ࣬ˮ档
ͷСɡ̫ƽƵȵ޴Σйصļ飬ȫʽһһҿ
»̫һֻͬ󸣬޹ҪΪֶĻףҲʽܾ
Ȼ֮Ů̫ƽ
̫ƽĿģΪ̫˼֮Լ̵
첡Σ̫˼ػΪ˻λಫǶܾ˵ʱ򣬱̫ƽ̵֮ʱ
ʱ̫ƽ׵ĳΪһ졣
ò˵һԵĺƣڵʽշ̫ƽı
̫ƽѪӥĻԪף֪ͬԶơˣͬı˹ֲġѪӥ
Ѫӥʽеһ鲻ֹ
Ȼ鹹ģҶ֪ʷϵ̫ƽȷڻλΪӣ컹ʱ̫ƽûҪԲֶΣȡԼĸ׶֮治˵
̫ƽƽ뷨ֻΪڼɵ죬жѡ
۷׷ף۰֮⣬һͬǽֵΪڴ
Ѿ̽ʽܡҪɲᣬΪ̽ʽܡϵйµĵһʽС
ϢȻѾ֪˵ģʵϣǶԴҲǳڴҵ̽ǣʶʶʽưķɣȻһǳ顣
֮ǰƳĦ˹̽øĦ˹Ϊ̽ǶԴ˼Ƚ΢һЩź
ΪʲôȻض˵
һЩźΪĦ˹Ȼǳ֣֮վǻˣʹλ̽ڻǵ΢һĲ
һλԻ̽ĻǾ̫ˡ
һֱ뷨ڣԤеĻ̽Ҫˡ
λ̽ǵʽܣ̽ʽܵһʽУǵʽĵһ
ԣ˷ܶڴ
ҿʽ븣Ħ˹ȣй֮޲ҲʱЩһǣ˽˽ǵĵʽˡ
ûȻĦ˹ܹΪ̽ǵʽܿ϶Ҳԡڴ̽ʽ븣Ħ˹ͥ񡣡
ں֪̽ǶԵʽۣܵ㿪ʼаɡ
Ҳǳڴ


Ǻڴҵ̽Ǹڴڵȵ˵
ڣڼʽưĹˡ
ɣ³ȻҲǵļ飬ԣյظܹ֮õһԴֻΪ̵ʱ֮ڣʽۡ̽ʽܵһ
Ȼ֮˼УҲΪ档ڱ֤ǰ£ʽõʱԽ̣Խܹ֤ǳʵۺͬʱҲ̵ʱڻ
֮󣬡̽ʽܵһȸʽС
̽ǽΧˮйͨܶ̽峿Ŷˡ
ΪĻʿ϶ǻģһŶӣ϶򲻵ġ
ʵȻҲˣ꽫ϵĻȫʱ򣬵ŶӵȴˣзǳĶ顣
ûа취ֻˡ
ܶ˷ǳźû򵽣Ҳкܶ˷ǳ˵ˡ
ȲĿʼˡ
̽еġ̽ʽܵһΪԷġ
ԣҲܹǳ׼ȷıԭ˼ҵ̽ǣܹ׼ȷĸܵ־衣
һһʹžꡱøҵ̽ȫԡ
ͻʹţܣ졭һʼ̽Ǹе˷ܣʷΨһŮʵۣ쾹Ȼĳˡ
ڿ̽µͬʱһôŮʵ۵ķɣʵ̫ˡ
ͻʹűɱ͵ǼʹţҤգѺŵҪ˱ߵһЩеڣ̽Ǿֱ̾øӵİ
˹ʽǧʼһʼһСС֡
һСֵССȴøҵ̽ǿ˷ܲѡ
ʽСУõַͼɣ̽ưַͼȫͬһ̽ǵ޾
ǵһθܵƷһܣҲͣ



ڶǧʮ Ȼȫٳ
ʽܸճСֵһøҵ̽ǣüΪ˷ܡ
ССİһ̽Ǳ̲סۿˡ
ǻʷϵĵʽ𣿹Ȼǳڶϰһ۱㿴ַʱµĴ޴ΣֻʵԼµС
ڵʽܵựǱַдַȻߵ̽ƷȫһȴһܹƷʵǷǳˡ
óֻǵʽܵС֡ʽܱҪȥ죬ƻͻʹűɱһˡŵʽܾܹɹư͸Ħ˹һ㣬ûκΰܹס

̽˷ܵһ֮󣬲żĶ
ŰĲ룬̽ԽԽʽܵ۷ԽԽϲʽˡ
ȻʽܿԶ޷ȡĦ˹ĿеĵλǵʽҲһĵλ
һǵڶ
ȫ꣬ҵ̽ǣԵʽҲΪ˽⣬дַĹƷҲͬΪȫʶ
ֻʽܵ㿪ʼڸҴԽԽ
һ̽˵˵һ̽С˵˵Ѿ㹻
ԽԽ˶֪ˣ̽˸Ħ˹֮⣬ֶһλԻĵʽܡ
⣬Ϊʽǻʷϵʵʹһҵ̽ǣڵʽڵĳ˸ΪǿҵȤ
Ƴʷõĳ֮һһЩ˵û֮һһͱһЩ̽Ϥ
ЩƳϤ̽ǣҲƳȤǿʼ˽Ƴʷ
һ˽֮£ƳΪʲôܹڵʱ֮Ϊ쳯ˡ
ҲˣΪʲôôˣԻʷôȤ
ʷȷŷǳһƳѾˣʷǧ꣬Ƴֻ֮һ
Ƴ֮⣬ʮЩص㣬ǺƳһϳΪ˻ûԻ͵ʷ
˽Щ֮󣬶ԻʷȤˣνԽԽࡣ
ڻ˵νһľϲһ˶ԼҵʷĻȤһֵý顣
Ǻ˷ܣǱһֱڵȴҵ̽ǣڵʽܵۡ
ڲҵ̽ǣԵʽܵ۷ǳߣһľϲܲ˷ܣ
ңǻԿ϶⻹ֻһʼŸİķУʽԽԽȻٴ磬Ϻ͸Ħ˹
ԻʷĻʼȤˣҲԽԽࡣ
ջൽһʲôĳ̶ȣڵǲжϣһǳϲˡ
˷ܶڴ

ʥ塣
Ȼڴ
ڴ¹һЦ˵̽ʽܵһԼҵӦѾ˽˰ɣ
ͷǵĽѾ˽ˡƺ
µ֮е飬ȥյȲĦ˹̽ҲСʽܵѾˡԺȻڸĦ˹֮¡
ЦȷǳڴڹӹС˵˽ôˣ
ᵽС˵ºȻ֮ø˷ܣ˵˵顣ӹ֮µңС˵ʵ̫ˣԶֱ̾ΪֹҽӴС˵ʮ꣬δС˵д֪֮ǰΪʲô˵ʽܺ͸Ħ˹˿ˡԭǶԴԽֻҪ֮еκһˣԽһڵʱգǾͿˡңԭͬһʱյǳ˼ǳĶࡣӹġԽͣƱػǵС˵͸ӵķḻʡӹԶʵ˴۽硣
ôΪӹЩС˵Լһгǰ𣿻ᱻЩҵϲ𣿡
µȻǰһǳĴɡС˵һǳܻӭ֮ǰ˵ģȷС̽ʽܡ̻ʲôˡһ޴հף޿ܵгҷǳӹԼӹ㻪ɺΪӹ
΢΢һЦ˵ɷģһС˵磬һԵĺ£Ȼȫٳɡ


ڶǧʮ ɺ
ϲ˵ллǳл׼ȥЦҰݷá
ͷӹڲڹҡֱȥܷܷС㼴ɣӹѾܷܷС㽻ˡ
µõģллҲӹʾл
һģףˣ
µлл

ڶ硣
߽Цҡǰ̨һòʺãʾӭ
΢΢һЦ˵Сãǽ£ҪݷܷܷС㡣𣿡
˵ԭǽܷԸˣ˵ҪǺӴ
˵꣬߳ǰ̨ǰ·
±ʾл֮󣬸ȥ
Ӵ¼ܷܷ
΢һ⣬ܷܷҪƯࡣ
ĻŮ֮У顢ءӨŮ֮⣬¾Ҫǰܷܷˡ
ܷܷȻѾ֪˽µ⣬˫򵥵ĺ˼ܷܷ֮˵ΪӹС˵𣿡
һϲȻܷܷѾ֪⣬Ǿ֤ӹѾܷܷˣϷ
˵ǵģܷܷС㣬ΪӹС˵ҪӹӹС˵½ȫ硣
ܷܷ΢΢һЦ˵ӹҲд⡣ӹ˵ˣҪС˵ֻƷ㻪ƷҲͬҪ硣
µȻӦõġ
ֵܷܷܵģӹԸŽôڣǱԿʼľˡ
ϲĸ˳æ˵лӹΡ
˿ʼһЩľĺ˳û̫ʱһ¡
˵ǽһ㻪վԵ㡣
վĹܺͽ棬㻪վͬ
Ȼ㻪վƼƷͨصķʽӪģʽշģʽҲ㻪վͬ
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ȻӹһƷܻܿѡڱվվͬ¡
˷ܵʵ֪ӹһƷ͵ģ׼ʲôʱʼأ
ܷܷ΢΢һЦ˵ֻ֪һûеȫ͡ʲôʱʼأȵվվʽӪʱ򡣡
µúúãͻعȫ׼վ飬Ҫڰ֮ڣվʼʽӪ
ܷܷˡڣһȥ㻪ܲݷܱΰپһЩ顣ΪΣ
µȻȻܷܷСˡ
һȥ㻪ܲ㻪ܱΰ
ΰȻҲ֪ʲô飬˾㻪վӦӪһ£óͳһ
֮󣬽¸뿪Ҫ̻عȫٰվ顣
㻪ôһʱķչѾΪĳˡ
С˵ҲѾϿɺͽܡ
ȻҲһЩ˲ϿɺͽС˵ǸƲʲôˡ
Ҳʲôˣ㻪С˵˭˵ʲô
վѾǧС˵ȻеĴô̫ƷҲкܶ࣬ľƷС˵Ҳ˲١
վҲɹһߣ˳ɹǩԼ˴ԼΪվԭʼĴߡ
λȻǼΪ˷ܺͼԹӹվԶ߳˸мҪдƷԲվκͶߵ֧֡
λ֮⣬ҲɳһߣԺǩԼΪߵĿܣǸɾʮ㣬
˳ɹӱȻҲΪ޷ֶȻ뿪
ңҪԶӱ˶öࡣ
ûа취飬ҲгĹɣҪдС˵ǮһΪѵ飬Ҫһ츳Լʹļ֡
Ȼ߳⡣
ӱȻ뿪ҲϵȻһһˣظ֮ǰĹ켣
ܵ˵ڴƷߵڲϵ࣬Ȼһ
ӴȺΪƷĳ֣춨˿ܵĻ
Щ֮ĴС˵ĿģΪ׬Ǯ
ǷǳʵҲǷǳ顣
ȻΪ׬ǮͬʱҲһЩ黳棬Ϊ׬ǮҪġ
ڣ㻪һٷ棬һС˵ǣһα˷ܲѡ



ڶǧʮ ѧʼ
гƣ㻪غгһվ㻪վڰ֮ʽʼӪ
ʱ㻪ѡƷƼ㻪վѧʼ硣
Ĺÿһλ㻪߸е˷ܣܴߵƷ϶ûлᱻƼгģȻе˷ܡ
ǶѧĴߣŬѧܹ磬ҵĶǣչʾѧеȻҵĶǵϿɣһֵý顣
ңÿһλ˵һģÿһλߵƷпܱƼ⣬ڲԣԺҲԡ
ɾ͸øľûرĻᣬѾǰǵһվԺȻаع׹ȵȹҡ
վԽԽ࣬ȻҲԽԽ󣬻ѧӰ죬ҲԽԽ
ô룬ⶼһ˷ܵ飬һЩעԶûлԼƷƼ⣬ֻҪѧϵӰԽԽһ㣬Ѿ㹻˷ˡ
һЩ߽Ⱥ˷ܵıԼʱ˷ܵ顣
ò˵ѧķչٶʵ̫ˣӹӹѧڣܹҲûж೤ʱ䣬Ȼǧ򲿵Ʒۼƴ¹С˵ߣֻҲѾǧˣֻǺܶûмˡڣѧҪˣķչٶȣԿһ
ȷˣҸоӹƳɡʱ䣬һɡʱ飬ȻĿڣʱûй̫ãԼҲΪһС˵ߣʼԼĹ¡ڹӹƳɡ֮ǰҺγԼΪһС˵ߣܹС˵Ϊʵ̫лӹˡ
ֻ㣬еС˵߶ӦøмӹЩûмסѾѡ˵ߣΪ黳ҲգΪҲãֻΪ׬Ǯ׷
ѧԷչôѸ٣ֻ˵ʱõĲǳʺʱӹһٿѧҪʵ˼Ⱦ̾
ӹʱõѧʽʱˣҲЩС˵ߵˣȻҲڼǵС˵ǵˡ
С˵磬С˵صĶߣʵ˷ܡ
˵ĲԼƷûлᣬҲȻе˷ܡ
С˵磬ǰгͻøӵĹ޿ܣһҪͰҲһҲܹǩԼΪߡ
ϣҶܹΪߡ


С˵Ǻ˷ܣ˷ܵľǣеС˵ǣҲͬǳ˷ܡ
С˵磬صĶߣϲС˵ָо൱˷ܡ
뵽ЩĶǣΪС˵еĸԶʹе𾪣͸пӣǾ͸˷ˡ
ҲȷʱЩһǣʶʶС˵ˡеĶǣȫ̵ţ۲ͣ
û뵽С˵ôҪˡС˵ʱеĲ֮⣬ȻΪӹӰӹҲҪʽ𣿡
ӹˣӹС˵ǵڹǷǳܻӭġֻ˵ŷЩܲôῴС˵ڣӹС˵׵İ
ûӹʹС˵ʼõʱõС˵
һվվڰ֮ʽӪ֪վƳĵһƷʲô
ӦǡɡĶǾʹӡɡʼ
ӦǻǡɡⲿƷ˱ľʵ֮⣬һ͵λǹӹС˵ʱĵһƷɡĵС˵ʱĵڣС˵ҲӦôӡɡʼ硣
Щʵǲģ֪ǣӹһƷʲôʱƳʲô͵ģȫְ֡һˣʱƳµƷˡ
վڰ֮ʽӪ֪ӹ᲻ȶվʽӪ֮󣬲ſʼһƷ
˼ǹӹܻǱվվͬ£
ȷܡЩƼվߵƷӦòվ£ӹȫпܡ
ţӹİŰɡͬµĻƺǳ
ֹǳֱ൱ڴ
ţǾһڴ




ڶǧʮ 
С˵ߺͶ˷ܶڴϢĶǾЩˡ
ɣ³ٷһ򹫸棬гƣɣ³Ѿ뻪ӹ˺Э飬ӹС˵
ķʽ㻪վƷվϿʼء
ɣ³绹ڹбʾӹС˵С˵ӦʱõĲںԺС˵չıȻơ
ڰ֮㻪վͽʽӪ
ʱӻĵһС˵ͻʹҼ档
ɣ³Ȩĳ֮һ֮ǰָոշ˼Ϊġ̽ʽܵһ
ԣɣ³Ϣû̫ʱ䣬ʹ硣
ϲС˵ͬ٣ϲʲô͵С˵ɣ³򹫸ˡ
ֻǣȫԣ㲻
ӹ֣һЩߵ֪֪ǻŵ֮һ˵츳ڻ֮Ϊ֮£ͬʱҲصߡ
ֻǣ֪ӹˣҲʲôС˵Щ֪ӹˣ͸ӵĲˡ
ɣ³ΪʲôҪС˵û֪⡣
Ȼɣ³С˵鱾Ҳų⣬ֻǷǳɻ󣬲ʲôС˵ɣ³ΪʲôҪС˵
С˵ûϸϽܡԣǼǶ棬Ҳûи㶮Ǹ鲻С˵ϡ
ܹ鵽ģֻǲýڹӹرУᵽֻƬ
ЩֻƬǲ²׷ס
Կ϶ǣС˵ǹӹС˵֮¿һС˵ʽڻӹӵټѧӰ֮¡¿С˵ʽӦõȷ֮
ɣ³ڹгƣС˵С˵ӦʱõĲںԺС˵չıȻơۿν൱ĸߣȻΪ˹Ч˵ɣɣ³ȻС˵Ǿ˵˵ʵš룬Ӧصעһ¡
ʵǿԴһ¡ѾʱС˵ǹӹʱԣ¿һС˵ʽƽ̨С˵Ҵƽ̨Ϸƽ̨㻪
ȷˣ㻪ý屨С˵㻪Ͻصģѹۿһ֮ҪѽĶȻ۸ǳˣκ˶ܹܵ𡣡
صС˵ͽС˵ô˵ԺС˵ĻԲȥʵ߱־ֱϿˣ
ţϿõԣҲֻƺһרĶAPPǳķ㡣С˵Ĵ٣ҲǻӹȿġصƷ̽ʽܡͨصġңƽ̨㻪
ĶǵȷѾʼϿС˵ˣΪһơʱʲô÷ˣС˵ȻҲҪøӷСⷽ棬Ѿȫǰ档ӹܹȿС˵Ĵ٣ȷǷǳ˲ãѹڻô
ȻûϿС˵õϿС˵ȷǳķ㡣ҲδչơֻǣһĻǻԴͳֽɲСĳ
ǿ϶еģЩ鲢Ҫȥġɣ³缴С˵ֻҪϿС˵ķͿˡ
һ벻סɣ³ΪʲôҪС˵أʵֻҪС˵ֲʽͿˡҲ˵ֻҪ㻪վܺӪģʽͿˡȻ󣬿ǹҵС˵ǣվȥƷҲС˵˰ΪʲôҪС˵
С˵ƺġ˵һȥС˵С˵С˵ˡġ̽ʽܡϽصġ̽ʽܡС˵˵ǹҵЩǣȥվɽȥС˵С˵ҲС˵ԭʲôС˵ʲôС˵ֻǻһƽ̨ѡ
ô˵ҲǡôʲôС˵
Ҳ֪ϻ鲻صϡɣ³վڰ֮ʽʼӪɣ³˵ˣʱĵһС˵ͻߡǸʱǻ֪ʲôС˵ˡ
ô˵ʱҶҪȥˣ
ôҲѵġҲǳ㡣
˵ûѣﲻȥ




ڶǧʮ 𺳳̶Ҫǿҵö
鲻ֹϿС˵飬ǻǷǳڴġ
Ȼ֮ǰûϿС˵ϿС˵飬ֻ÷ǳ㣬ֻҪеԻֻʱضԿ
ڷ飬ܹܺڴġ
С˵ʲôӵС˵Ҳͬǳĺڴ
֮ԻˣкܴĹϵ
ߣɣ³ҪС˵ڻɲ츳֮µĹӹġ
츳֮µС˵ȻҲͬСɡ
ԣǷǳڴ
С˵һ˿ĻҲڴпܻЩų⡣
ĳ̶ֳϽǻЩģ֮顣

µʱһζ
ɣ³Ӫģ㻪վʽߡ
е͵һˣվʽ֮ȫĵ˽ȥ
վڻûƷԵñȽϿգҲܹ㹻ˡ
ǿվĸܣ͵㻪ոʱǿվʱĸܲࡣ
һ鲻ֹо̽վĸܡ
һƷ
վȻûƷȴһƷԤ档
ԤгƣⲿƷɹӹԴⲿƷĵС˵ʱʽ
ⲿƷֽɡʽʹҼ档
ɡţƺ֣ý屨ӹ㻪ƳĵһƷⲿɡɡӦñǵһС˵ˡ
ҶȽ˽⣬ɡǵһС˵һС˵ǹӹڿ㻪֮ǰͨ΢صһƷƺǽһεܽӴǲǵһС˵һٿС˵ʱƷⲿɡⲿƷ൱ڴ
վϿС˵ƺַΪܶͣʷϷ죬мδ֪֪͡ɡһͣ
֪ɡʲôͲ֪ˡ쿴ɣⲿƷ϶ǳֵڴ


ڵ졶ɡʽߣǶԴҲǳע
վƳĵһƷȻǡɡ
ûǷǳ˷ܣ񶼻ļǵãǳɡʱ𺳣ʱֱ;Ϊ顣
ڣֵǸеˡ
Ǿţɡܹ׵ĽǷ²ܹǳ׵ĸܵС˵ܹӴ֮󣬳׵İϻС˵
С˵Ҳؽ˶硣
Ǻ˷ܣڴǹڡɡۡ
һС˵ǣԴȻӵĹע
ɡΪվƳĵһС˵ȻҲǵԤ֮С
ÿһС˵ߣʱֶһԸǾԼƷҲܹվƳֻԺҵķվϱƳ
Ȼ߶ʵԸЩҲ֪Ըǿӵеġ
˵ǵƷпܱƼǱ÷ǳĽšڴ
㻪վҲվһ϶ֻйӹƷڹӹļƷ֮󣬶ЩƷƼ
ʵ̫ڴˡ
ԣЩԼƷпܱƼվǣҲˡ
˵ĽšڴҲôͽҲҪȵɡع֮ȥˡ

ʱڶ9㣬һ죬Ҳڴһġɡڽҿصɴ
ңһϢɡƷȫѣǹӹԷԸġ
ȻǸѿɡҲ࣬ÿһλ߶ܹܣܹǷǳ˸˵ġ
еǣȫԹӹʾ˸л֮󣬲ſʼȥɡġ
տʼʱһû̫ĸоſŽòһˣ磬ƮɵģǳС
š桢硢Ԫ̳֣һ½롢棬磬չǵǰ
һһεı𺳣һһεľǺʱС˵
𺳳̶ȣҪԶȻǵʱɡʱǿҵöࡣ
ΪڽӴɡ֮ǰС˵ɡȻС˵вζ
ȴûС˵Ȼ˵ڻһС˵С˵е˶ûп
С˵ףûС
ԣǣɡʱ𺳳̶ȣҪԶԶڻǡ



ڶǧʮ 
ΪɡѾ걾ȫѣԽµܴѾµ֮С֮ǰ
ԽԽ𺳡
ǿˣµ½֮Ѿó׵˵ˡ
ǴûнӴģǴû磬̫ھʣǵľƺһЩ㱡
㱹Ǹӵ𺳺ĳȡ
һЩ֪׼ȷıԼʱ˿̵ĸܣ
ԣϳ˶ݵİ
Ǳٵǰࡣҵı
ڶݵİ֮ӭ˼ıǷ׷˷ܵıԼ顣
ԭС˵ţ׼ȷ˵ӦԭС˵ʵǲ֪ӦҴʱ𺳣ҴδһС˵ܹ𺳡һ̫ھʵ硣ӹܹдС˵ѹڻ֮Ϊ֮µһˣʵ̫˲ˣ
棡У֪Ǽٵģȴ̲סлӹ߽һ˾硣
һλҪлȻǹӹҲӦøлɣ³磬ɣ³˹ӹ·С˵ǲܹ֪ңԶĻԭ˾ʵС˵
֪ʲôС˵ˡӹʵ̫ǿˣֱǿÿ£治׹ӹι˼ⲿƷģֱǷ
ҺȻֻǺҸںþ֮ǰͿ˾ʵС˵ң˵ڹӹӰ£ѾС˵ҡޣС˵ңӦһĸôС˵ңӦô˶ٲС˵ƷеƷж٣еЩ󡣡
ӵ͹ӹȷҸԣǱȲˡǣǿϵڶҸԡ֮ǰġĦ˹̽ģҲΪĦ˹ҲˡڣǵһС˵Ĺңϳ˻֮⣬֪С˵ȿɡⲿƷԡԣϵڶҸԡ
˵ɣ³ܹɹӹɺС˵öмǣߴţǻӦøл
϶ģûǣߴţɣ³ҪС˵ûôס
ڴĸ£ڴҪĹ£ʵһҲȲˡ

۲ͣԵüΪ˷ܡǵۣңԶĻ
ǣڿǵ֮Ҳͬ˷ܣΪǵ˷ܶ˷ܡ
Խ˷ܣǾԽ˷ܡ
ʵϣ쿪ʼһֱڵǹڡɡۡ
ڣڵȵˡ
ʵȻһɡ׵Щǡ
Ǳֳ𺳺Ͳ˼飬ûһǰδеĽԽ㣬ǿҵԽǵ飬ǰδеˬ
ңֻǿʼ֮ʮϰٸҲȻС˵
Կ϶ǣÿһҵǣȻһе𺳺Ͳ˼顣
뵽һ㣬Ǿ͸˷ˡ
һ˷ܱ˷˺ü죬ü֮󣬲΢ļһЩ
ⷽ˷ܼһЩһ˷ܣȴǿࡣ
һ˷ָʲô飿Ǳǡȫְ֡걾Ѿ˽һµʱ䣬ӹпܻڽڿʼһµƷ
˵ڹӹƷǾ˷ܺڴġ
֮ǰԲ²˵ӹܻȵ㻪վʽӪ֮ŻƳȻڻվվվͬ¡
ֲ²õ˺ܶ˵֧֡
㻪վѾʽʼӪȫְ֡ҲѾ˽һµʱ䣬ӹȷʱпܻϢ
ԣǷǳ˷ܣڴ
˵⼸ʼճڡɡǵ֮Уûӹ⡣
ɡصúܿ죬ûʱѾ֡
ڴ֣ͬпࡣ
վû޾ꡢź͸ˡ
ȻЩ˸ˣվҲǱ磬ȻûһƮԴ޵ϣ롣
С½ѩһҲܹ˸еο
ԣ˵Ϊź͸֮⣬Ļ˷ܣԼǿҵĲᡣ
ôôˣǸһ㶼ûп񫡣
ǲᣬǿҵĲᣡ



ڶǧʮ һҸ
ǿҵĲᣬٲᣬɡҲѾᣬֻܽʵ
飬顣
ȫеǳңԼһ磬̫̫Ķ˾̾
ֻǿϧ¾ˣ־ҲˣʵźͲᡣ
һλԵĻ˲ȼµϣ
λ˵ģɡĹȻˣڹӹڻС˵Ĺ£ԶԶûнԶźɡͬʱڴһµĿ
⻰۾һ˲ȼµϣ
ȻվվϣڻֻһƷɡڻ㻪վϣӵеƷѾǧ򲿣Ȼôд̫ƷܻЩƷġ
վӪɣ³ǱߣһһЩƷЩƷȻܺ͡ɡᲢۣӦҲܿȥٿֲһЩɡź
Ǻڴڴɣ³ܹһƷ
ʱ֮ǰλ˵ˣǲڴɣ³磬ܹһƷҪһЩҵڴȻû⣬ɣ³һƷģǣ˵ǣЩС˵ߵƷ㣬ҲȻӹԴƷᲢۡӦڴģʵǹӹԴƷ
ǵȻӹԴƷǿ϶ֵڴġֻǣӹԴƷϾޣһҲֻмɣ³粻ӹƷǻʱһΪվѹƷԣһƷӦòǹӹԴƷˡ
ķеȫͬ⡣һ֪ӹпܻڽڿʼһµƷʱ򣬹ӹпܻѡڻվվͬʱƷ
⻰ǣ˲üΪ˷ܺͼӹĻѡվͬƷ
Ϣɿ
˵ģô֪Ϣ
Ȼܰٷ֮ٵ׼ȷԲСô֪ϢΪ㻪վӪĹԱʵߴңڵȴӹ֪ͨһϢǻڵһʱ䷢ٷ棬ӭҶע
⻰Ǹ˷ܺͼˣȻվӪĹԱ˵ģϢӦǿɿġԱӦѾһİգŻ˵
ȻбҪѴһ¡ӹվͬµƷˣƷĸٶȿ϶ԶԶȲϡɡ£ӹһһ»¡
ǶԴЩźҲܹ⡣֪ɡΪѾ걾ŻµôġڴеƷȻܸµ֮졣
ȻЩźҪҪǹӹһҪѡվͬء
Ѿ׵ģӹȲҪӹƷ
ĬĬţȴš
ĵȵˡ
վӪɣ³磬һٷ档
бʾӹ֮󣬷һµƷⲿƷ㻪վԼվͬء
Ʒһȫµͣڷе
һеȫȸԾȻڻ֪ͺⲢҪҪǣӹĻվͬء
ҲһЩԾЩźźӹ鲻͡
мȻѾ˵ˣһȫµͣȻͲˡ
ոտˡɡȫڣǸƮɣõ̫ĶǾ
ʵٿƷ
ԣЩԾЩźҲֻЩźѡ
ǾͲͰɣʵҲҪҪһƷȻǹӹԴƷ
ңǺͻվͬ£ڴеƷ
ԣЩź֮⣬öĻ˷ܡڴ
ôȫµ͵׻ʲôͣ۷׷ס
վ֪ķ࿴ӹѾƳʷϷ֮ͣе飬ڵˡʲôʵǲ²͸
Ƕ²͸˵ˡԿ϶ǣʲôͣӹ鶼һǳʡ侫ʳ̶ȣڡɡ֮¡
һҪͻǣһ׷ӹˡͻȻоںͻһҸˡ
˵ûĺͻһҸˡ




ڶǧʮ Ʋ񷡷
ǸоҸǸоȻ͸Ҹˡ
ӹȻ׼ҪƳˣңʹ֮ǰ²һ㻪Ļվվվͬء
ҲҪʼ׷ӹ飬ڻ˵һֵý顣
ͬʱһ뵽ǿȴµӣǾ͸е˷ܡ˿ĵȴԼҵ߸С˵˷ܵġ
ϹڹӹۣҲܹüͬǸе
ǰӹҪƳµƷˣ۵ֻЩǣڶԣԺȻĹҵԣֵþԽ顣
۵⣬ǹӹ鵽׻ʲôķࣿûһЦ
ӣҲһʮֺӹ飬һȫͣ
ֻǣҲͬ²ⲻ𰸡ڹӹ֮ǰû˲µõ𰸡
֪Ҳûйϵʲôķ࣬Ƕһǳĺÿ
ǶԴŲɡ
⣬˻ҵ֮⣬໹зǳˣȫԹӹƳ飬ǳĹעڴ
磬һС˵ǡ
С˵ǶԹӹڴ̶ȣ֮ǵڴ̶ȣй֮޲
ӹ飬С˵ߵĵÿһλС˵ߣڹӹ鶼Ϊڴ
ӹܹǴѧϰ̫̫Ķд츳ĲߣҲܹͨӹѧǳĶ
ӹ۵趨趨ȵȷ棬ǿֱԼдƷȻжõĳɼ׬Ǯûġ
ԣÿһλС˵߶ˣоӹ׼
Уʱѧί칫貨ˣҲԹӹǳڴ
Ƕ˴ӡӢ۴ʼѾΪ˹ӹС˵ԡ
ӹС˵֮ȻС˵Է񲢲߶˴˶С˵ûƫΪϲ
ȻĳЩֱ׵ԣ˻ЩڸǼʱ򣬶˶Ƿǳϲġ
ڣӹһƳ飬ȻҲͬڴѾϰ׷ӹС˵ӣûйӹС˵ܸо˵ʲôƵġ
ձע⣬ӹһַࣿ貨Ҳͬ棬Ҳͬ²ⲻ𰸡
˵һڳ˹ӹ֮⣬û֪𰸡
Ҫ֪𰸣ֻеȵ֮󣬹ӹʽʼ֮ʱ

˶ڵȴʱڻȥ
֮󣬻ʱ9㣬ʱ4㣬㻪սվͬʱһС˵վҳķһࣺá
ӹһַĴ𰸽á
áȫĥ֣ƺܹ˼Ӧ֮ƻõ˼ƺһơ
ģǲҪ˹ӹܹ֮ȷ
ʽ½ڻûϴѾκ˶ܹ
Ʋ񷡷

û׼Ƴ飬ǡƲ񷡷
ȻǰΪС˵дⱾ飬ѾòֶЩڸòϣⲿС˵۷֮
˵С˵㲻ò˵ⲿƲ񷡷ƾԵľ䡣
˾۷֮ȻҪģûСƲ񷡷磬ǲġ
仰ţЩ߿ܲͬȴʵ
ȻˡƲ񷡷֮⣬ǰкܶľԾ֮һһ
ȴӡƲ񷡷ʼ
ԡɡʼѾȺƳʷϷַ࣬ڸƳַˡ
һ֮ԻѡãҪǱͬЩϵ
ĻϾ뻪ȫͬԣеС˵ʺĶߡ
һġƲ񷡷ʺϡ

Ʋ񷡷ǻԣԣֻйעӹˣȫĥ
ĸ֣ܸоһִ硢ʵơ
ֻǸоһѪȼյ˷飬˭ȡһġ
ƾ֪ⲿƷһǳĴѪ
ǵĸоԼĸо
֮ǶԹӹⱾ飬ӵڴˡ
10֮󣬼£ڶ磬ûлħеģǷܵ۷Ķ
ĺܼ򵥣̫ݣеǶܹڼҵص㣺
ص㣬ڶ磬ܵ۷Ķ
ʲôǶǲס



ڶǧʮ 벻
ʲôǶǲס
Ȼ棬ȴżڲ֪ûйϵʽ½ڼϴʱӦþ֪ˡ
ڻ˶۷׷ףȴʽ½ڵϴ
һСʱ֮ʽ½ϴ
֮Σ
Ųħʯ棬Щ۵֣ޱ飬һĨԳյƣΪ΢ָĴ֮̽Уһĵʹ
ף֮Σ𣺵ͼ
ħʯ֮ԣһλӣһħʯʾϢĮȻĽ֮˳
ӵĻոѿڣǲͷӿĹ㳡ϣһ󳰷ɧ
Σٺ٣Ȼϣšһԭ̤
ǰѼˡ
Ҫ峤ĸףַͱϳ壬ˣĻлڼ׳԰׺ȡ
̹ǵ꣬ôǳģ˰
˭֪أʲô£ǵ齵ŭ˰ɡ
ΧĲмЦԼϧ̾ľ׮ԭصУһ̺ݺݵһ㣬õ΢΢١
Щˣ˿̱𣿻ΪǰԼǰ¶ǫЦݡԣҪֻȥɡɬһЦįתĻص˶һţµӰΧ磬Щ롣

һΪšֻǿƪЩ֣Ѿܹ֪ʲô˼ˡ
ӦñǣӦһλԵ꣬λȴ֪ΪʲôԭͻȻ֮ǰ䡣
ɾ޵꣬һΪ˷ĳͱӡ
ţӦþӵġ
ǿ˷ǳĶĶͬʱкܶĶס
֮Σʲô˼ΪʲôײԳĽᱻе˳ЦΪ
ħʯǺ⣬ӦһֱֿӲԳһʵװã൱ĸ߿Ƽ
⣬ڻ˵֮ǰڡáַĲ²ȻûдַĺЩƣӦҲһ硣
ȻҲ֪֮Ρʲô˼ȴóӦһȼĻ֡
ڵĵȼӦñǶ֮ΡȼӦúܵͣȻҲᱻЦΪ
ȻȼӦñˡ
ȻڻȷõǷҲͬ桱ǲ桱ӦҲࡣ
̡ɡ֮ǽһ߽硣
Դˣȫǳ˷ܺڴ
ʱҲͬǳ˷ܺڴҲˣⲿƲ񷡷ƷƷһơ
ǸոտˡɡҲƷⱾġƲ񷡷ЩƷȻ˷ܡ
ȷЩְ֮עŵ˱֮ϡ
׵꣬һԵšôΪʲô֮ǰͻȻ䣬űΪ˷
ѾΪ˷ףܹ
У֮ʲô
ЩȫǷǳĺ棬ȲҪ֪𰸡
Ʒһƪ㽫εҲƲߣ˷ܡڴޱȵļ¿
ʵ֮󣬵һ˼ԡ
ģԵĽΪ֮߶Ρ
׸ĶΣĵõһƬ֮˵ʲô߶ζ֮˲𣬰ȣ¶ֻҪʱ䣬ܳΪһĶ˰ɡ
ߣȶ֮һĵȼǶ
ǷǳץסһҪϢ
΢һЩɻĵĶ֮߶Σ׵Σֻ֮ĶζѣȴΪʲôһ֮Ϊ˲һȴΪ
Ķζ֮֮Ĳô󣿻ʲôԭУ
ʱԡ
󣬸ĵֵ֪һҪϢ
Ī̾һкȻֳǰ緢꣬ʮӵоŶζ֮ʮһͻʮζ֮ɹ۶֮һԾΪ֮Ķߣ
꣬ŶǱ޿ɹ֪õöŮ䴺ĵȻҲǰġ
ԭ֮ǰ˵ţʮӵоŶζ֮ʮһͻʮζ֮Ϊߡ
Ȼڶ֮߻ûʲôڲ߶ζ֮㱻˳޲ѣ˵֮ڳΪߡ
ʮӵоŶζ֮ʮһͻʮζ֮Ϊߡ
һԱȣ֪׵ų̶ˡ
Һ滹˵ˣʮһΪߣǼ֮Ķߡ
ɼȷʵǾԵš
Ȼŵĵ·ò۵ġ
֮ǰﵽ۷꣬ȴͻأĽܵˣпĴʮط۵Ķ֮һҹ֮䣬ΪС
ңڵĶ֮ҲʱţùԽԽ١
֮ʧֱӽǵʵϵĺˡ
ŵ̳һҹ䵽ͨ˶ĵزִõӴʧǣ֮Ҳ𽥵ıм볰
վԽߣˤԽݣεĵ䣬ҲûĻᡣ
ö˶˵꣬Ϊʲôһҹ֮ͻȻ䣿
ʵ벻⡣



ڶǧʮһ ɫŽ
벻Ǿͼ濴
֮һ˼ԡ
޹һΪȹŮԵĽΪ֮ŶΣ𣺸߼
Ŷζ֮֮ǰĻߣ̾һ䣬ҵŮ츳ƺͰһһǿ
޹ҲĵõһƬ֮֮Ϊһеĵһˣƿֲ
⣬ǻ֪ˣ֮ÿλߵıؾ֮·׶֮һʮΣڶ֮ʮ֮ʱ۶֮ΪһصĶߣ
֮һȼȻǶߣֻǲ֪ߵһȼʲô
ʯԵӹĶ޹˵޹ڰ֮Ӧÿ۶֮ɹĻôʮΪһĶߣҰڵĵڶˡ
ȷǵڶˣһѾȥŹ⻷ס
ʮһɹΪߣ޹ʮʱΪߣ֮Ĳ໹ĴģǶ׵еźͿϧ
ͬʱҲӵĺ棬ö˶˵꣬ôͻȻأûʲôԭ
ܹ濴
Ůɲ֮ߵ׵ߣһ׸磬Ƕ޹ĺøд
޹УȥŵĹ⻷֮󣬼Ȼױ𾴵ˡ
֮֮ǰģ֪Ҫ϶١
֮ǰݡĽףڿףûʲôҲģȻǸϲʼһ޹
̣췱ǡ
ɽ֮ߣбڲݵ֮ϣеһݣ΢΢ǵĿɬ
׵УһԼ֪ܣˣ˵׵꣬磬һǵε
Ϊʲô澭Ҳ޷ͣһʱ֮Ǻ֪˹Խˣ
֪һ֮Īĸеһ˷ܺС
ԭҲһԽߡҺԣڴԽ֮ǰڻϡ
ڴԽѾǳϤˡ
ڡصүУӹ״οԽ趨֮󣬱㱻ϰС˵ãԽԽ
ȻԽƷôԽַʽȴС˵˻ȻҲ˻
ڴԽѾϤ
˵ǻǵһνӴԽʡȻǵһνӴȴܹ⡣
Ƿǳľ˷ܣԭС˵ǿ趨
Խ룬ԽǾ趨Էǳ˼ֻûʱ̫࣬ǵü濴
ȵ˽µ֮úõҲ١
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Ƿǳ˷ܣһС˵ǣͬǳ˷ܡǵ˷ܣվһԵĽǶ֮⣬ΪһС˵ߵ˷ܡ
ΪӹⲿƲ񷡷ٴΪչʾһֽ̿Ŀƪ
Ϊ˿𣬶˻飬һʼ㽫ġһ֮Լǵĺĺڴֵ˶㡣
ǿ˿ͷˣһ֮֮Լֵ÷ǳĺڴ
е˶ϣ֮ɹ
ĿƪһС˵ϲѧһֿƪ
ȫԽģĿƪǾţֻҪǵܹɹģ¡Ʋ񷡷ĿƪĳɼһԤеĺࡣ
ϾκһС˵ƷĿƪǷǳҪġͳС˵ˣڵС˵ˡ
С˵֮࣬ƪܽǳɹºдٺãɼҲܵӰ졣
Ƕ˵ƪܹߣôûжԸȥһ˵Ʒ
ԣϲˣЩǡ

ֻͨ˷ܣԺĹ¼Ϊڴ貨ңˡ
ʱѧίİ칫貨ˣҲͬ׺Ȼ֮Լ
ЦƲ񷡷ĿƪνΪĳɹ׵Ĺ˼濴򵥣
貨ӹһƪƱֽһµĳԤǣڶ飬ƪһ˻ŶΣȻ󻹻꣬ĳʱεĳԼеС˵ߣȫŹӹⲿƲ񷡷ء
ǿ϶ģӹÿһƷǽ̿ĴڣǰƷֻڵС˵Ʒ԰ˡ
貨ϾС˵ǹӹһٿģС˵ڹӹ֮ǰѾˡ˵֮֮սʤһԿ϶סô׾ͱҪ֮ڣʵϸϲҳȻСĿǰ׿϶ǸϲȻģ˵ˡҪӹΪ׷һǵĸˡǵĻ˵ǾױҪҲˡӹθ׿ңͬڴ
Ϊ׿ǿ϶ģֻпˣܹ׵ʵ֮ͻͽ˹ңһеĲúӹθ׿ңȷǳڴѵɡСһĳ
貨ĳȷǿңַʽȽͨԶΪӹһΣһԶ󿪵ķʽΪ׿ҡ
Ŷ貨Цĳ뷨
貨ҡҡͷЦ뷨ûУҵԶɲӹᲢֻۡǸоӹһεĿңǳڲͬ
ͷ˵ǾǺúõڴһ¡ƪĳѾ׵ҲӦþͿҪˡ
貨ͷӦÿ쵽ˡ

ҲۣͬӹһλΪ׿ң
Ϊǣġңôװƣ
ʲôС˵ƷǶ϶ҪװƵġһЩǲװƵƷֻװװûô԰ˡ
ôӹΪ׿ңԵ÷ǳ˼ˣҲǳڴ
֪᲻ǻĳʵ˵ĳԵЩͨˡһϣӹ󿪸һĹҡȻۿʲôĹң˵һôϣһεܹرһЩ
ҲϣӹһΣܹһԶ󿪵Ĺҡ
ſɣ׵ӦúܿҪˡ


˶ڵ׵ңΪ׵Ѿ·ϣܿҪˡ
ʵϣ׵ҵȷܿ͵ˡ
뿪֮Щ겻ĺɽɽ֮ϣƽŶ֮еվɽ͡
Ǽ۹ħɽ
ͷߣЩԳʵΪ𣬽裬ܵڶΡͱҪӵвʵ
ֻǣǰʼ֪ΪʲôԭʱۼĶܻɢ١
ܹԼʵ
ʱһϵĹЦȻȻĶ䣬ٺ٣СޣҪ
~~
׵ʽߡ



ڶǧʮ ҹȻԶ
׵ʽߣʱڿǣһѵ׵ˣ
ϵѵһλˣףȻô˵СޣҪ
ֻǣҵĻƺЩѰˡ
뵽濴
ϵ֮󣬻ȻתӥĿһɨӣȴδְӰ
󣬲ϵٴδˣָء
ָϣôʲô˼׵ָϣеȫ±ˣӹƷȻǻᾭǴ㵡
ȴƺʶʲôͫһĿⶸȻ֮ͣϵģöɫӽָϡ
סͷľ֣ƽ˵˵
ϵٴС޶Ȼûŵȥ
һȷˣϵǴָϣöɫĹӽָдġ
ˣȴָӵ±ˣ֮һּȵ˷ܡ
λΪʲô׵ָϣԭ׵ָϣָϵĽָ
ţ˵׵ָϣʵҲûʲôë
ӵ±ƵǣһΪʲôڽָڽָʲôΪʲô֮ǰһֱ˵ͻȻ˵ˣ
֮һּȵ˷ǣеӹһΪʲô׿һʷǰԶĹҡ
˵ֻһˣԵЩѰĻô˲ʵһöɫӵĽָеĻͼΪĲѰˡ
У֮ǰںɫŽдʱǾ룬ɫŽѵʲôŹ֣
ڿȷйŹ֡ңΪĹŹ֡һˣʲôŹֵģ
濴
˭ΪʲôҵĽָ֮Уʲôʵ
Ҳʮֺ棬Ҫ֪顣Ϊʲô׵ĽָУʲôĿģ
ָϵص˭ȱˣẦǡô꣬ǿȹصˣˡٺ٣ǵллСĹҪȻҿ»ü˯
ץס˲һ仰еĹؼʣͻȻ֮ƺʲô
ҲͬͻȻ֮ʲô
ѵ֮ǰʼڵĶĪʧǽָвĹ
ЩʧĶȫ˽ָеĲ
֮ǰɲһ꣬һҹ֮Ϊ˼ͳЦķϲģҲΪָеĲ
ɻ濴
ɫʵĪʧĶ֮Ĺ
ϵҲǱΣС޿ɱְ
⵹ǷǳɴֱӳˣײҪ
ֱ͸ĸ֣Ҳ꣡
ţʱ˿ûбĸ֣ܱĸܵĴˡ
̲סΪ׵һޣûбӼ򵥴ֱĸˡ
һڼ侲ף˿̺ȻӰıСҲĸԼ˼ָϵĽָȻ֮Ŷ֮£˦˳ȥ
ֻǣһָ˦ȥ׾ͺˡָܽκ꣬Ϊ˳ķϲģǶĸΪԼķŭ
ҪָץѾˣָɽ¡
⡭
΢΢һ㶣׾ȻָˡȻողΪ׵Եޣȴϣ׽ָˡ
Ϊָ֪ȻǺ״űΪϲĵףӦҲǹӹΪ׿ҡ
ôˣ벻ʵǿˣ
Ǻܿͷˡ
ΪɽµԼˡ
ɫĹӽָ׵ǰڽָϿմȻƮһ͸Ӱ
ԣǵ͸ĲӰ֮ǰ˵õĲˡ
ʱǸȷöɫŽ䣬˵Ӱ׵ҡ
Ǽȵ˷ܣӹһιȻһԶңܹҵˣֻйӹһˡ
ӰЦеıʾСޣòôŭɣĶ֮
׷ŭıʾʲôֻĶ֮˵ôɣ˶ٵá볰
Ӱ˵ĳУ׳ɳˡ֮ǰ׾ӵǡ
⻰ûбס
侲ֱϲ
ΪڼȻѾ⿪ԼڵĶ֮Īʧ֮ա
ô֤֮ǰűΪ˷ϲġʵһֱǸֻ֮꣬ǰڵĶ֮ǰĲӰ˶ѡ
ڣǰĲӰĶֽ֮Ǹ޵ꡣ
ϲǸϲ
ֻΪԼûбΪϲģȴǻ֪ײ츳ˣôһҡ
Ѿֶ꣬һңԺö죿
Ǻ˷ܡ



ڶǧʮ ʽǿ֮·
ʵҲȻһ׵֮·Ѿ
Ӱһཻ֮󣬲ӰԼó㶫ˡ
ǣƺЩ䲻ԸĿʵΪҩʦ𣿡
ҩʦ۾Ѿ֪ҩʦһ֣ΪϡٺţƵְҵҩʦЩΡ
֮ǰʱ򣬴Ҿ룬ӦҲΪһҩʦ
ϾţƵְҵܲǸɡ
ڿƺΪʵӰȻףǷҪΪһҩʦǾ˵а취׳Ϊһҩʦ
ңһ͸ôһ£ң벻Ϊǿ߶ѡ
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Щ˵ףӰһʣʱϲڶ½˶ΪһҩʦΪһҩʦΪ̡
ѵﵽ˳Ϊһҩʦ
Ӱ˵ȻֻǿﵽǷУһ飬͵ǻһɡ
Ӱ˵ֻǿﵽ˳ΪҩʦôҲΪӰΪֻǿﵽ
ӰΪ͹ԼҪԣŹ˵ֻǿﵽ
ȻⲢҪҪǲӰܹ׳Ϊһҩʦ
һ⣬Ǿ׼Ĵﵽ˳ΪһҩʦҪΪҩʦĻҲҪһҩʦְֵԽ̵
˵Ӱѵһҩʦ
ʳʡ
ӰٺһЦЩ԰ıʾûҾһҩʦ
ҩʦǸӾҲһˡ
ʲӰǼƷҩʦ
ڶ½ҩʦȻϡ٣ݣҲȷĵȼƶȡ
ɵ͵ߣΪһƷǰȻеľɢˣźӣһƷҩʦڼ۹ҩУƵһˡ
ʱ֪ԭҩʦҲֵȼǵźӵҲȷ򵥣ȻǼ۹ҩһˡѹ֮Ҵһλɢǵź֮󣬻ķӦ
ôӰǼƷҩʦ
ǲҲʮֺ棬ӰһţƺӣȼӦòͲŶԡ
ֻϧӰû˵ԼǼƷҩʦֻ˵Ѿǵˡ
ôܻ᲻ǵãϼһǲԸ˵ֻǵȼ̫ˣ˼˵ڡ
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Ȼ˵ǲӰʲôǣ˵߹ӹ˹ӣ֪ǻǳ棬ǲ˵𰸡
ǿɶ񰡣вס²ۡ
²۹󣬲ż濴
ӰʾҪѧҩͱҪΪʦ
ǵͷӦõģҩʦĵλ˵ҪҩȷӦðʦŶԡ
ȻҲĶŲӰ˰ʦ֮
ȫˣӰĵ˵ͷж˼УʾΪҩϣҵڻȲ˵ģֻҪ֪ʲôųƵĻɫʵʵҲƨˡ
ԭӰֽҩϣֵǲ
˷ܵĲǲӰ֣ǲӰ˵ʲôųƵĻɫʵǸƨ
۹ҩʦһˣźֻǸƨ
źӵȻǸƨݼΪĴڣֻҩϵֻǸƨֻ˵ҩϵĵȼȹźҪߵöࡣ
˲˷ˣȻȻǲ֪ҩϵľȼ֪ҩϱȵźҪö࣬Ҳ㹻ˡ
ҩϹȻһţƵĴڡ
ֻǣţƵҩô׵Ľָ˷ǳĺˡ
һʱǲдˡ
ЩźʱȥƺҲһѡ
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ҩϱʾҪΪһҩʦͱҪ涷֧šԣѧҩ֮ǰٵȳΪһߣԼһŻԵĶ
ԵĶȻǲʲôԵĶġ
ѵҩ׼һ׻ԵĶ
Ǻڴ
Ȼҩϱʾһֱ׹ҪĹѧѧ
Ϊʲô׹й죿Ϊܽ
ܹĹδţȻЩɣǱʾȤѧ
ҩֱʾڻᴫףõȵ׳Ϊһ֮ſԡ
ЩҩԵǲ
ܿ죬ָеϲΪҩϴףһ֮ڣѶ֮߶Ρ
ȥ׼ֲϣһҺٶȡ
ҩϱʾõҺǱǮ򲻵ġ
ԷǳϲţҩԳóҺȷͬСɡ
ףӴ˿𣬿ҰĿǿ֮·



ڶǧʮ ҸС˵ʱ
׿Ұǿ֮·Ѿʽȷţҩϵİ£ʵضͻͽ
ᵽһĸ߶ȣڻ֪Կ϶Ǹ߶԰½
֮Ȼ֮ԼʤһȻ϶ס
ȻȻ츳ײ٣ʵԶףڵǿҰĴڣ޵еġ
ɽ˷ܵš
ӹһΪ׿ĹңȻԶһλţƵүүĹΨйӹó
оҩӦһλǳǿĴڣֻǲ֪ʲôԭ׵Ľָ֮СңĶ֮֮ѹ
ΪʲôԭҩˣȻһ˿л׵Ľָ֮С
ţֿԲСȻҩϷǳǿ󣬵ӦҲ޵еĴڣ϶бҩϸǿˣҩ䣬ҲǲܡȻԭӹ϶ں͸¶ֻҪȴɡ
ҩ˵źǸƨôҩϺпһλƷǾƷҩʦһλҩʦߣʱæҩĹҼֱ޵ˡ׵ٶȣˡ
ֻҩô򵥣ҩϺԻзǳĹʶҲǳߣȻܹڸָ㡣֮ʵ̫޵ˡ
ӹһΪС˵һֳҹүүĿҷʽܿͻᱻС˵ǽģ¡ǹƺܿͻῴţƵүүˡ
ǿ϶ġеС˵߿ȫŹӹءӹÿһ趨С˵ģºͽ
Щ˵ҲǺ顣ӹĸ趨ǱĲãԶ󿪡ҪͬƷЩģºͽǵ⡣
˵ǣЩǵƷȻ޷͹ӹƷᲢۣվʤ


ʱѧί칫ҡ
貨Цôһε趨ԶȻ󿪰ɣ
ͬЦȷԶ󿪡ָһλǿߵ꣬趨ȷ˾̾ӹԶ֮󡣡
貨Կ϶ҩһλҩʦҲһǿߡһλʦڣԺĳɾͣ൱ڴ
Կ϶һүүƷ֣⵹Ƿǳ˼
貨־һɵĵȷ˼Ҳ˷ǳڴ

貨ˣԼǶԤԣС˵缴ִģүү趨Ʒ
⵱Ȼʵ
ӹĸ趨ͱģС˵ģºͽԶ󣬿Ҳүү趨ȻǻᱻС˵ģºͽ
ڣС˵ǾȷֻҪģ»߽趨Ʒ㣬ϼ֡
ټǰ˻趨֮Լ趨ȵȣƲ񷡷ĿƪֱС˵ϲ
Ƿ·𿴵ԼƷ˽ֵĿƪģ壬һЩļߣѾȲڹ˼ԼƷĿƪˡ
ȻⲢ˵ǽ趨Ʒ˽֣ؼҪ߱Ƿһˮƽ
ˮƽʵ̫Ǹ߶ģ¡Ʋ񷡷趨뿪ƪҲͬǻ˽֡
ÿһС˵ߵȼµϣǿ϶ġ

ңԶǣʱҲͬǳ˷ܡ
Ʋ񷡷ǿĵڶС˵ǿĵһС˵ɡȣƲ񷡷ú趨ϣŷǳԵ
ǲûиеӦǷǳѸٵͶ뵽ˡƲ񷡷־ʵС
ҩϵ趨ֱǾѣǿ趨ʵ̫ã̫˼룬Ҳ̫˼̫˸е˷ˡ
ֱʵڲ֪ӹ˼Ϊʲô˵Ļ磿Ȼܹ趨
ƾһ㣬ԶԶǹҵЩС˵ȵġ
С˵
ʱǸһʶˣΪʲôС˵ڻķչٶ֮졣ӹӹС˵ĸʼڲµʱ䣬С˵Ѿﵽǧ򲿣ۻС˵ߵҲѾǧˡ
ǶݣЩɵģ䷢չٶδҲ̫ˡ
ڣǼˣѾţС˵ȷʵһֶصʹ֮ķչš
ɣ³֮ǰĹ˵һС˵С˵ӦʱõĲںԺС˵չıȻơ
ǷǳңǸС˵ʱ



ڶǧʮһ ҲдС˵
ǷǳңǸС˵ʱ
УԶֻһĶߡҲһЩԽһ뷨
ǲֻһĶߣǻһС˵ߣԼĹ£˿
뷨տʼʱǳʣҲûж롣˵뷨һܿͱԼˡ
ΪһС˵ߣôܣ֮ǰûдС˵ƷôдóС˵
Ȼ뷨֮ǻʱʱҪΪһߵͷԽԽǿҡ
뷨ǣʼ˼ΪһߵĿԡ룬ԼܹΪһ
ϣ뷨ǣѸپۼһǹͬ̽š
˵ûдС˵ǣܹдԼС˵Ʒ𣿡
ҸоܹдóҲֻǸоѡʵʱȴᷢһֶд
ţֻгд֪֮ǿԳдһ¡
ڻһʱС˵ߵۼѾǧˡ֮и¹ԼƷҲﵽʮ򡣾ݱӴȺ壬оߣڴС˵֮ǰûС˵ľȻܹӦҲԡ
֮Ȼ뷨Ǿȥһ¡ʵдҲò
ҾдӦܹдóؼǿдƷûϿɣûжԸȥûжԸȥдҲûˣҲʧȥдĻԡ
϶ǷǳҪģдֻΪ黳ǿһ˵ˣǼǣвΪ˸Ѷдߣ϶ҲϣԼƷжߵġһ˵ʵû˼
ûжߣֻܵȵд֮󣬽Ʒϴվ֮Ż֪ˡ
㻪վվרŵרѾоˣκ˶עΪңȻϴԼƷˡȻǿԿҲվı༭ǵƷˣ༭дûĻǩԼֻгɹǩԼƷŻõվƼԴҲŻϼ۵ĿܡԣǵƷܷվɹǩԼǹؼ
ȷģ˷ڴǳɹǩԼˣǽվĵһɹǩԼƷߡףԸǵƷܹɹվǩԼ
֮ǰǵȰԼƷдҸоѾԽԽԾԾˡ
ҲѾЩȲˡ

ЩǿʼԴԼƷƷûô¯ǿʼƷϢȴǺܿϴˡ
ǿϢ֮΢΢һ㶣ǴûҲ˻дС˵
һϲ˵ҲᵮһС˵ˣǿԿԼҵС˵ǣС˵ˣ
ҲȥƷΣֻҪܹԼҵС˵ǴƷǾһϲ顣
ϲڴ۲ͣ
ϢǾԵĺϢѽû뵽ô죬ǾܹһԼҵС˵ˡ
ȷǺϢǵƷôǵƷĸо϶ͿӹԼЩС˵Ʒĸоһĺڴ
о϶ǲһġԣдöҶȥֵ֧ġ
ϣҾͲҪǵƷܹӹƷᲢˡֻ»ǳ޴󡣵ǱϾǹԼС˵ߣӦֵ֧ġ
ǲǵƷܹӹƷᲢۡҷǳ棬ǵܹдʲôƷ
ȷǳ˺棡֮ΪǼͣŬԼС˵
ţһҪ֧ǣǴ󵨵ȥ¸տʼʱܲҲûйϵдܻ֮õġϾ粻˶ӹҡǣҪдõƷҪĥġ
֮ڴһС˵ĵ
ǳڴ˷ܡ

Щ׼ҪԼƷ׼С˵ǣǣǽҪС˵һ£֧֡ڴ֮󣬱øΪĻȲġ
ʵ֮ǰЩģǻ᲻֧ǵġ˵ǲ쿪ſС˵ΣͼӹһС˵ֱЦ
ڣǷˡ
ڲ֪ǶǼС˵˵ڴ
ֻ˵ıС˵˵ڴ
Ǳܹ裬ԱøǿȲҪԼС˵
ǲ빼ǵڴ



ڶǧʮ С˵
׼С˵ĦȭƣڴС˵ŪĶνС
ĶȻܿͱС˵ע⵽ˡ
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ڣС˵ٶ֮죬С˵ǣȫе˼顣
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С˵ǣԴʮȷš
С˵Ŀ߹ӹС˵߶֪ģ֪ӹڻŷǳӰ
ӹȴûκεӰҲС˵ǣɣ³С˵һҪԭ
С˵ģЩС˵ǣ϶һ뷨
֮С˵ǣС˵гҲ׼ȥվϸµС˵
ȻҲûȤȥ
󲻾ãɣ³ĵһС˵ɡʼأǿ֮Ǻ;̾С˵ǣʼʶ֮ǰĹ۵ƺ˴
С˵ƺЩгңгٶȾȻ֮졣
˵ɡصĵһ죬ɹг
С˵Ǵ㵣ʼ¿С˵гǰʱǣȻΪС˵ܹȡյĳɹȻȥʲôɡ
С˵г򿪵֮죬ҲֻΪǸսӴС˵еѣȵʸйҲͲʲôȤˣոմ򿪵гֻѸٵʧ
С˵ģҲϣġ
ʵ˵ǲӭС˵ǷǳųС˵
⵱ȻģС˵ĵֻռĶԴûԸԼĶԴС˵ߡ
Ȼ˵ǿС˵֮ͲٿǵС˵ˣվǻЩӰġ
ңС˵ԽܻӭӰԽ
ԣС˵ǣȫϣС˵ܹ㣬Ȼʧ١
ҲΪʵĻ
ȻšɡĲأС˵Ǳķ֣ʵٴκĲһ
С˵ûе㣬ԽԽٵơ
ʸйôԲûбòٸȤԽԽڡɡԽԽ޷԰Ρ
С˵гڲϵȹ̺ͱ
С˵ЩˣȥС˵ؽѿʱС˵϶һƬĶԴ
˵νһõϢ
ЩڿС˵ͬʱȻǵС˵ƷǽܹһЩҲǿܹܡ
µľǣЩڿС˵֮󣬶ǵС˵ƷӴ˲ٸȤҲȥˡ
ôС˵ǶԣһֻԵ˺ˡ
˵ֿԲ󣬵СҲվпܵġ
ԣС˵ǿʼˡ
Ȼûκεİ취ǲС˵ĻЩѾڡɡǣֻ»ǣ⽫ǸӻԵ˺
ԣС˵ǣֻǵĶԴҪߣٲҪߵ̫ࡣ
ѾС˵ˣֻҪ̫ԴͿˡ
ٺɡᣬƲ񷡷ʼء
ԽԽԵС˵ĿȥС˵ӰڱԽԽ
С˵ǣֻܱεĿС˵һһʴǵС˵г
ֱڣǲڳ׵ףС˵гǰԶҪöࡣ
ǴûôһЩԣѾĽֻΪһС˵ˣǾȻʼҪԼС˵ƷҪΪһС˵ߡ
ôҲ̫źͲ˼˰ɣ
С˵Ŷ೤ʱ䣿һµʱѡ
һµʱһЩԴҪԼƷˣֵٶҲ̫˰ɡ
ǵĴͳС˵Ӱ꣬ʮ꣬ʮʱ䣬ҲûжԲֻһߣҪԼƷΪߡ
ڣС˵ӰһµʱѣôԴ
ǲҲ̫һ㣿
˵С˵ֵٶȣҲ̫һ㣡
С˵ǣȫеͲ˼飡



ڶǧʮ ʼĻźͲ
С˵ǣȫеͲ˼飡
δҲ̫һɣ˲ţЩ߽ӴС˵һµʱ䣬ԼдС˵ˣ
ȻţҲԸϣȴʵڲòϣС˵ȷǳɹңٶȼ졣쵽Ƕκε׼
С˵ôܹ֮Ļ죬ֱǿǹҵС˵磿
ѾʵˣӦϸС˵ˡȻһС˵ȡͳС˵Ϊǻ֪Ϊʲô
Ҹոȥһ¹С˵ϣһ֮£һС˵ڻķչǰܹҲһʱ䡣ڣС˵ȻѾǧ򲿣С˵ߵۼҲǧˡ䷢չٶȵȷֲ룬ҪʶС˵ˡ
ɣ³֮ǰڹгƣС˵С˵ӦʱõĲںԺС˵չıȻơѵ
ĿǰƺȷԽܣƺʵ
룬ǲòȥС˵ˡƲ񷡷أôʹӡƲ񷡷ʼɡ
ȻȥڿȷǲòȥˡҲãҵҪνС˵ħ
һ˲ľ֪Ƕôų
ԸҲȤ

С˵ǣòһǼԸľǾȥһС˵
治ԸһΪһȥС˵ˣ֤Ѿˡ
ȥ˽С˵ٶΪʲô֮Ļ˵ʲôʱ㱻г̭ˡ
ȵǸʱȥ˽С˵пѾˡ
ԣǲòһǼԸľ
ȻҲе߶ľвٵȻС˵мһˣȥʲôС˵ȻӲȥоС˵ˡ
Щǹִģ˵Ǹ߰ġ
˵С˵֮עһͳС˵߱г̭ôг̭ߣкܴĿܻЩִ߰ĴͳС˵ߡ
ӦгķչȻֻܱ̭ûа취顣
Щпᣬûвƽ
ҲȥЩִ߰ĴͳС˵ߣЩȥС˵ĴͳС˵ǣѡǴӡƲ񷡷
ûʲôԭֻΪƲ񷡷أС˵磬ԾߵƷ
һ֮£ԽԽеĻźͲԽԽԼĻᱻг̭
ΪڷС˵ķǳˣֱղܡ
˵ԷЩֱףҲƺûʲôĲɣֱ׵ȴ˿÷ǳɺУȥ룬ֻҪһۣ仰˼ҲܹҪ˼
ѧϰѹԽԽ󣬴ҿС˵Ϊ˷Լ飬Լá
һС˵Ҫķ˼ȥ˼һ䵽ʲô˼дһûʲô⣿ΪʲôҪдǾ̫ˡ
С˵Ķ⣬Ҫ˼ȥ²ߵͼǾͲڷˣԼøۡ
ԣС˵ֱ׵ԷܹǸеãܵС˵Ȥ
С˵һܡ
ԣС˵ԷıȴͳС˵Է񣬸ӦʱӦڵгҲȻ֮гչơ
С˵һ㣬ǿʼĻźͲˡ
С˵Է񣬽ֻĻźͲĿʼǿſַ֣С˵Է񣬽ֻС˵֮һԭ򣬶һһҪԭ
ҪԭǣС˵ѡ񡢹¹ܷ棬пհ˾̾ĸԶԼӴۣĸ趨ȵȷ档
ЩС˵չٶ֮Ҫԭ
Щ֮󣬸С˵ǣĸеĻźͲĸо˱г̭Σա
Ȼ˵ͳС˵Ӧòг̭Զг̭ǴͳС˵ЩͳС˵ߡ
˵ͳС˵ҲһֱȥͳС˵߻᲻ϵı̭㲻ȫ̭꣬˭֤Լǲᱻ̭˶
ԣǿС˵ģС˵ĴͳС˵ǣȫоԼг̭Σա
ҵǣǷֵ磬ڻ㹻ʱ䣬ΪԼг̭Ŭ
ҪôŬܲг̭
Ψһ취ǽС˵ҪԪأ뵽ԼС˵ƷС߸ɴֱתͣС˵Ĵ
΢侲֮󣬸о˱г̭ΣյĴͳС˵ǣʼ˼һ⡣



ڶǧʮ ӹǱ
Ƿǳų͵С˵ģΪ˲г̭ǲòԼԼ
棬Ȼǲг̭ҪҪöࡣ
ô˼󣬵׻ľֻԼ֪
Կ϶ǣԪشӴ֮һǵѿӰǽƷ
صңԶĽϢĽ磬ԼȻҲ;֪
ǶԴ˼Ϊ˷ܡ͵⣬Խʮ㣬һµʱ䣬С˵ɹ׵һ˷ܵ顣
ٶȣûʵҲĸ⣬ȻС˵һܹԣû뵽ô̵ʱ֮ڣôס
Ѿ԰βסĳ嶯ҪΪһС˵ˣЩͳС˵ǣҲöС˵߶ӡ
ĿǰƿӦвٵĴͳС˵ңתͽС˵Ĵ
᲻ɹڻö֪ͳС˵ǵ۸ı䣬ȴѾǲʵ
ûǸе⣬ӣС˵ӦС˵֮ǰΪĸǿ
ңҪǿöࡣ
һĸңֻǶһ
Ƿǳڴ
֮⣬һС˵ǣҲͬ˷ܡͽ
û뵽ô̵ʱ֮ڣǱңԶͬС
ָоķǳ棬ͬǣ׻ᴴƷ
˵ʵڵģҲΪܹʲôõƷһβ̵ʱ֮ڣǴʲôõƷС˵ľ裬ôյġǣҲ˵ԼС˵ľ裬ûվ裬ôܴõƷȻǵƷҲͬǳڴ
ڴƷ϶ġƷʵǷǳѴģ߸׼ȷ˵ҪһƷǷǳѵġͬǴƷۣʲôߡԸⲻǵĻԣҪϵļȥܻгɹĿܡ
ǰӦǿ϶ģӦòȱٶߡϾ˵ǱС˵ǴƷ뿴ǹƷĸо϶ǲһġͬǵƷٲӦҲȥ֧֡ԣ߿϶ǻеġһǲõġ
ȷҿȥϵۣıС˵ǿνΪ˷ܺڴʾôһȥ֧֡
С˵ߴС˵ҪıǶߵ֧֣С˵Ե֧֣ҲͷˡҲϣͬǣܹմƷ
һµʱ䣬ǵС˵˳ˡ˷ܣֻǲ֪ᵮٵС˵ߣ
Ӧò٣϶ܺǹᲢۡû취˿ڻһС
ǶͬǱʾӭڴ
ֻǿʼ϶Ĺҡӹ󿪴С˵ؽȫ֡
ǿ϶ģȫ綼ͬеһָ̣оԻ൱
ǳڴ


ʱѧί칫ҡ
Щп˵С˵ķչٶȣеҪö࣬˵ʱĸʺС˵档ͳС˵ҪһЩıˣȻĻᱻг̭
貨ͷıǿ϶ҪģһЩԪУһǳİ취ʱڱǨҪʱĽŲСͳС˵ܶĶҪʱһЩҪĸı䡣Ȼؽг̭
֮ǰӹ״С˵ĸʱ˭뵽䷢չٶȻ֮죿裬˵ӹ˭Ϊʲôܹг˾׼
貨ӹʼձأδ¶档ܹ֪ݵˣֻˡҲ֪ӹǱǱĻ˭ı֮⣬˭˵ţȻҲпܹӹֻáӹڷƷûзƷĻܡӹǱʵһġ
šȻǴգҲСաӹĿԻǺܴġȻǱĿҲС˵ӹֻáӹַƷĻǱʵһġӹǱҲͬڷƷôֻһˡ⡭𣿡
貨ӦòܰɡĻδҲ̫ˡ
ͷȷӦûֿܡ



ڶǧʮ 
貨һЦ˵ˣҲȥܡӹǱˡ˵С˵ǣ׻ᴴƷ˺ܺ档
ͷȷ˷ǳ档ɡҲãƲ񷡷ҲգмﶼлԪشڡ֪С˵ǴƷ᲻ȻڻԪأ
貨ǶԻĻȽϤߣٶһЩԪءԻĻϤƾҪһЩԪأҲ벻ȥ
ȷ֮ǴƷ֮ǺбҪȥһġ
貨ȻֻǣҹƴС˵ߣС˵ԣıС˵ǳ档С˵ǹӦòȱٶߡȻֻǸտʼʱ򣬵ʸйС˵ܷǹӵжߣͲ˵ˡ
֮ҪԴ˽йע
貨ͷȻͬ˵

С˵ǣܹС˵ƷС˵ԼС˵磬νǳĹע
յҪҿȴûô졣
Ʒͷǳףο֮ǰûдС˵ƷĴˡҪȵǽƷҪһʱġ
ȻȫǳڴԴҲǳ⣬Ըȴ
ڵȴĹУ½ҿʼעС˵ϢĴ
С˵ôĶͬ½ϵңȻܹע⵽ġ
Ҳ֮ǰ˵Ԥ֮УС˵ҪֵģֻһңϷǳĹҡ
ڣӵҡ
տʼʱҵǣ֪С˵ΪԵúЩ±ơ
Ҷ˵ˡС˵˰ɣʲôС˵ôͻȻ֮ͱôˣ
ֻ֪֪С˵ɻӹġһ֮ǰӻС˵ĿǰΪֹС˵һƷһѾᣬһ֮СƷǹӹԴ
ⲻص㣬صǣС˵ƺΪƳ硣ĴͳС˵ǣҲʼС˵߶ӡ˵С˵ܺÿ
ֻǺÿô򵥣ֻǺÿĴͳС˵ǣӦò߶ӡһЩصıпԿĴͳС˵ǣܵС˵ǵľ޴ѹѾѰıˡ
Ѱı䣿Ѱʲôı䣿ǴС˵ңܹѰʲôĸı䣿
ͲˣҲǴر֪ġӦС˵йؾˡ
С˵ʲôС˵˷ǳĺ档
ֵС˵УѾ˵ǲɡصⲿƲ񷡷Ҫ֪ʲôС˵ȥС˵Ϳˡ
ⲻϻؼǿС˵ǹûС˵
ǹûǹҲû½ֻһˡ
ȻǹӦҲŶԡΪʲôǹûȥ
ΪǹҵЩ磬֪С˵ɡ֪Ҫôڿ϶Ѿ֪ˣͿûԸȥˣ
㲻Ӧ˵ûԸȥӦ˵֪˭ΪС˵˶ΪʲôҪ˵ΪڿʼҪС˵ĳԷǳ࣬Իǳļҡ룬ɣ³С˵һµʱ䣬С˵Ѿֳ֮Ķ˵С˵гǰǳãĺá˺õгǰȻʹŴرһһǳµ֡˵֮£ҵĳβȡж
ô˵ҲܿС˵ˣ
ؼҪĹӹԸԸǹҵĳӦԸģȻѾˣӦòܾĹҡԣܹС˵ӦǿҲ϶ġֻС˵ϾǻƷҲ֪ܹܲýȥ
ȻƳ磬ȻҲܹýȥ
ţ⵹ǡðɣǿС˵ʲôħܹô̵ʱ֮ڹ
Һܺ棬ҲڴԸܹһС˵


ҵȤܴ󣬶ԼٶȹС˵ǳĺڴ
ȫڵԼҵĳӹɺЭ飬С˵ԼĹңҪһС˵ʲôħ


ڶǧʮ Ѹٳ
ǣҵĴͳС˵ǣҲͬע⵽ͻȻ֮ȵС˵
ǵĹעȣȻвһĵط
УĴͳС˵ǣС˵ĸ߶ӣԼܶ߾С˵ı䣬ǹע
ɻ󣬸е⣬ĴͳС˵ǣΪʲôҪ߶С˵
С˵ڻҲֻвһʱ䣬ֻж̶һµʱ䡣
һֵʱ̵֮С˵ֵĴͳС˵
ңǴ󲿷ֵĴͳС˵ߣӡ
ҵĴͳС˵ǣеǳĲ⡣ǸеǣܶĴͳС˵ǣȻҪıľ
ⲢʲôܣҵĴͳС˵ǣȫ֪һ㡣
ĴͳС˵ǣС˵ֻǸ߶ӣҵĴͳС˵ǣȻеǳ⣬Ҳܹǿܡ
ôͳС˵ǣҪΪС˵ı䣬Խˡ
δҲ̫һɣĴͳС˵ǣδЩľԱˡ
С˵һʱ䣬ֻж̶һµʱ䡣ߵҲЩͳС˵Ӱɡ
ҿĴͳС˵ǣڲľԱˡֻǼҲͰˣƫƫǴˣ⡣
òϣС˵ķչٶȵȷǳ졣ܹѸٵķչ϶ԭġʲôԭ򣬶Ҫıɡ
ĴͳС˵ԣС˵һߡͳС˵ڵķӦϿС˵ѾֳɹˡҲС˵ܿҲǵĹң治һϢ
ȷʲôϢȫõġǿɲĴͳС˵һľԱ
ҵеϣС˵֣ҵҪС˵ʲôܹĴͳС˵ųǸģ
ҲҪС˵Ĺɡ

ܶĴͳС˵ߣڼֵǹҵС˵һ㶼ʾġ
ǿǿɲĴͳС˵һľԱС˵£һǵĺġ
С˵ʲôܹĴͳС˵ųǸģ
⻹һЩͳС˵ߣһ̬ڼֵС˵Щĵġ
ȻҲĴͳС˵ǣΪʲôųǸģţĴͳС˵߻ᱻų϶ԭġ
ǸеǣС˵֮ҲúĴͳС˵һĻźͲ
δ֪ģҲΪδ֪Ǹеġ
õİ취ȻС˵ҪǵĹңҲӭС˵֪⼸ǲܵġ
С˵ֳгǰǹҵĳ޶ԡ
෴ڵĳ绹ȿֺ󣬾ҡ
С˵֣Ѿǰٷ֮ٵʵ
ң̫ʱ䡣
ԣǲԵõǡ

ҵԣʹͳС˵ǷһҵĳȷΪ˴ӻС˵˼ҵᡣ
ΪԼϣĳ磬ȫڵ֪Ϣĵһʱ䣬˸˻
ЦңܷܷӴһһǰС˵˵ģҳĴ
գѯõ׿ֱܷܷ֮ÿһѡһҳ磬ѡеĳ罫ɣ³һΪС˵ǹҵĴӪ
鳾䶨֮󣬳ɹѡеĳȻϲڵһʱ㿪ʼˣС˵ԼʽӪ׼Ҫ̵ʱ֮ڣС˵ԼĹڡ
Щźѡĳ磬ǷǳźΣ˵̻վûץס
һЩѡĳ粢ûмڻعǼЦԼʥ嶺Ѱ˼Żû̻
ɣ³ܹһС˵ǻҲܹһʲô̻
˭֪أ

֮
ҵĴ磬С˵׼С˵ߡ
ߵǡɡ롶Ʋ񷡷Ʒ
εĸҵǣܹ˵еС˵ˣվͿҪ֪С˵ΪʲôܹѸٳˡ
ѾȲˣҲѾ׼
ԣС˵ʽߵĵһʱ䣬Ǳ˽ȥѡǡɡҲѡǡƲ񷡷
ѡǡɡǡƲ񷡷Чһġ
һҵǣѸٳԡ
֮С˵ɹҡ



ڶǧʮ һǶȿ
ѸٳԵҵǣΪʲôС˵˳ԣп
ΪǸͣ
Ȼɡ͡Ʋ񷡷С˵ͬʱߣһϴ½ڶ࣬ҵǣϴ½֮ͣ
֮ͣʱп˷ˡ
ȵȻ˷ܣΪС˵˷ܣǵĴʱ飬뵱ǣС˵ʱࡣ
˷ܱңԼĹҲС˵
ǸпˣֵĸпС
ϣʮֵ֡
ԭС˵Ҳ˵ֿɣһ㶼С˵һܡ
ûС˵ܡһ칤ѾǳƣС˵ʺƣʱ򿴡ң֮оѾ˲١
֮ǰ˵С˵ҲһܣҲȷСڿС˵֮ͻȻǰС˵ʱƺжܡȻⲻ˵ǰЩС˵áֻǶѾƣ˵С˵ֿǿøɣܸܵС˵һܡ
ǵһܣҲǷǳҪģҪġҪĻС˵ݱҴûС˵ĹӹжţдƷ
̾Ϊֹ̫ھʣĸлӹǿ˾ʵ硣
йӹλŵңĽ
ȷΪʲôǵĹûҵ
С˵Ϊʲôô̵ʱ֮ڣǳ׳ԡڣֵˡ˵ġֻǱһµʱѡ
һȴˡǵտʼʱֻܿһƷɡȴǿԡɡ͡Ʋ񷡷Ʒͬʱ
ȷǣֻǼƷͬʱҲȫϣܹһЩµЩȫ
ڴĸ£


ҵǿС˵ҵһڴͳС˵ǣȻҲͬС˵
֮ǰͳС˵Ųһ˼ʲô˼ѡڵһʱ㿪С˵
ڵ㿪С˵֮֮ǰͬ˼ĴͳС˵ߣҲͬͬ
Щ֮ǰеģΪĴͳС˵߹ڲľԱǣ΢΢һԾĳ̶ԽԽ󣬵ֱӴʧɫ
ǱֻǺҪС˵ʲôС˵ȻܹĴͳС˵ǲľԱ
ڣǽ֣ĴͳС˵ǣƺûвľԱС˵пܶԴͳС˵ɻԵĴ
ʧɫԭ
ʱҲˣΪʲôôͳС˵ңΪС˵ı䡣
ı䣬бг̭Σա
ôĴͳС˵ǣθı䣿
𰸲Ѳ²⣬Ҫı޷ǾַʽһǽС˵ԪأԼƷ֮СֱתͽС˵Ĵ
һַʽãȷеĴ𰸡
ͳС˵ҪǵǣһַʽʺԼ
ĴͳС˵Ѿһʱ䣬ҵĴͳС˵ǣҲѾʼˡ
ЩԭЩĵģҵĴͳС˵ǣʱȻһ̾
ĵڻǷˣĴͳС˵֮ԻľԱȻԭġ
ңԭ˷ǳĲ
Ӧô죿ֻĴͳС˵һΪС˵ı䡣
ֻǣı˾һɹ
⵱Ȼǲܣֻ˵ıһĻɹҵǣС˵ŸոóɹļʣӦò͡
˵˵ġ
ʵһǶȿǻӦøлС˵
ΪС˵ֻ˳ӦʱгС˵ʱг
˵С˵Ƿ֣ʱС˵гѾ˸ı䡣ǶС˵ĶͬѾ˸ı䡣
ֻǣͳС˵ûз֣ԼҲûз֡
ûз֣һôϲͳС˵ͳС˵гһС
ڴͳС˵߶ԣʱֻᷢС˵гԽԽСԽԽ٣ȴҲֱ仯ԭ
ֻҵڵĶߣԽԽϲС˵һԭ
һ֪ǲԽԽϲС˵ֻԽԽϲͳС˵˶ѡ
ȻΪС˵ûг֣˵ԽԽϲС˵Ҳûʲôһ
Ǹʱ򣬴ĴͳС˵߶ᱻг̭ûϣ
ڣС˵ĳ֣ȷռ˴ͳС˵гȴС˵
ΪʱķչͳС˵һԽԽ㣬ûӦʱС˵ĵС˵гŴͳС˵ĵ㡣
С˵Ҳͬ㡣Ȼ᳹׿ήһڡ



ڶǧʮ ȴģ¿ʼ
ԼҵĴͳС˵ǣ뵽һ㡣
ǴһȻ˵С˵֣ͳС˵гԱСĿʼܻһʱ䡣
Ҳһ꣬Ҳֻ꣬һʱ䣬ʱ䲢̫
ͳС˵гСȻһˡ
һڴͳС˵ǣ֮ǰûʶһ⣬ʶˣͻȻ֮еһ¡
Ϊϸ֮󣬷ִͳС˵гСʵѾʼơ
ֻ֮ǰû˷֡
Ҳ֪ǴʲôʱʼܶĴͳС˵֣ԼƷĳɼһıƺԽԽ١
֮ǰֻΪǶߵҪˣֻԼǡдˣĳһǲϲĶ㣬³ɼһһı
Ϊֻʱġ
ڣǺȻ֣ԭǵĴͳС˵𽥱òӦڵг
ҲΪˣʹһЩ߿ʼٿС˵ˡ
⣬ǴͳС˵гʼСƣ֮ǰ֪֪ˡ
Ǹе£Ǹеҡ
еԲض˵֮ԻеңΪС˵ļʱ֣ǼʱˣͳС˵гʼСĿƣ㹻ʱ;ȥ˼ͲԼӦô죿
뵽Щ֮һڴͳС˵Ȼ֣ƺӦøлӹ
ȻһԼг̭ʱ򣬶֪Ϊʲô
⡭
ѵӦøлӹлС˵ɹռǵС˵г
С˵ǵС˵гǻøлôҲЩơƺʵ
ȷЩƣӦøл𣿡
ðɣҳϣҵȷӦøл㹻ʱȥ˼ҽĴӦôȥ
òϣỷ£С˵ǵĴͳС˵ȣȷиӦǰỷơӹܹʱƳС˵гжȷԶǳܹȡҲѹڻܹôûһ仰ʢ֮£ʿ
ȷйӹ򵥣
Ҫϸ˼ԼĴ֮·ˡȻѾǰԤˣҿɲϣԼг̭
ûϣԼг̭ŬɣԺľǻԽԽңҿЩС˵ڣǲŬһ㣬˵ᱻǸȥġ
гǼҺͲпģɣɣѾȲˡ


ǰ¹ȥˡ
µʱƲ񷡷ѾԭĻͬأΪͬء
Ʋ񷡷ĶνԽԽ࣬ԽԽʣԽԽĶǣԽԽУ޷԰Ρ
ȥһʱ׼С˵ǵƷڵˡ
㻪վһС˵ʽϴڵһƷ֮󲻾ãжಿƷϴ
һ̣ѾڴãѾȲ
ڵһƷʽϴĵһʱ䣬Ա˽ȥҲȥƷôȱеһС
һƷɴֱֵ׸ɴܹ࣬ϴ£Եģ¡Ʋ񷡷Ŀƪ
ͿƪѣƲ񷡷Եıȡɡģ¡
¿֮󣬵ҲģǷǳϲġȻģµĺۼأûԼĶһõĿʼ
ڡɴ֮½ϴĶಿƷģ¡Ʋ񷡷ĿƪΪǸ߷µԭ򣬿ȥôһ¶
ֻģ£ԷҲЩģ£Ϊ֪ıС˵ߣǺпܻΪǳԻ֮֡
΢һźǷǳϲƲ񷡷Է񣬵ȻıС˵ǻϣܹһЩԷӡ
ȻҲ֪ڲܶԱС˵Ҫ̫ߣܹģµ̶ֳȣѾǳˡ
ȵԺĴʱӦñԷΪˡ
ȻѾϴƷУҲеƷģ¡Ʋ񷡷ߡɡҲһЩ߿ǲмģ£ֻǲģ£ٻдԼĶǵƷƪģµĺۼ
ƷЩ˲֪˵ʲôˡ
ǿ֮󣬼۵ģǻȴģ¿ʼɡ
ûģµĺۼǱǷǳϲģϵıС˵ˡ
ֻͨƪ֮ʵǲ֪ߵдЩʲô߰ģ֪ơ
ǲòǳźĵóۣǱС˵ڻѧĽ׶Σȴģ¿ʼɡ
ȻǲҲ̶ã



ڶǧʮ ѿ
ǣıС˵ҲͬΪĺڴ
㻪Ȼǳ˽ǵԣٷѡ˲Ʒ㻪ϸ¡
ǶܹЩȲĵ㿪
֮Щĵ˵ͷЩƷ߷ˡƲ񷡷ߡɡĿƪԷϣҲΪԵĻӡ
˵С˵ǣǷǳ֪֮ģ֪Ӧȷ𲽡
ͬʱҲʾŻС˵С˵žԵãûǷǳ⡣
ȻЩûģºۼƷ㻪ٷҲͬѡһ֣ǿЩƷ֮󣬾ЩЦˡ
ʲô߰ģǻЩ˽ֵƷҲҪЩƷõöࡣ
ܹƷϴˣҲǷǳˡ
ֻϧЩʱ򣬽ֻţԶԶġЩһﻹûѧѧˣȻǲ̫󣬳ˡ
ȻǵЦǳЦǿЩ֪νƷľЩЦ
ЩģµߣдƷ֪ƣһ㣬ܹģС˵ûʲôżҪдúãȴҲǷǳ׵ġ
ԸЩһڵһƷܹ֮ʵʵĴģºͽʼ
Ȼ˼ң󲿷ֵֻ¶һֱ˽ȥ

ʱѧί칫ҡ
貨ˣҲС˵Ʒ
Ц֮ǰԤĲࡣ߷µƷûģµƷ֪ơ
貨ȷС˵ԣǱС˵ǿʼˡֻҪܹӹĲķչӦû㹻ֹ۵ġ
ͷӦûֹֻۣҪǲΪǵϹ㡣ıС˵Ѿʼ𲽣Ҳ᲻С˵ķչԽԽˡ
貨ǡ֤С˵ĺʺڵС˵гҲδĳһ죬ʱѧİ佱ϣƷӰ
Բ󣬲ҲȫûпܡԺ飬ڲ˵
貨С˵յķչ̶Ȱɡ

ıС˵ʽʼ𲽣ҵǣȻܹ֪ͬصϢ
ǷǳĽЩļ
С˵Ѿǰ棬ڱС˵ǰ棬ҵЩļ
ҲϣԼĹңֱܹС˵ԼұС˵ĸо뿴ӻС˵ĸо϶ǲһġ
Ϻ
ѾʼֱС˵ˣô˼ѾˡǹʲôʱܳԼС˵뷨ˣҪжС
ȷ뷨ˣԴ󵨵ȥԣһǳֵ֧ġ
ȻЩ˿ԱΪߣǿ϶ҲԣؼҪȥԡҶ궯ʼС˵ɣҿǡ
ѾȲģҪ֧ǱС˵ˣ˭֧һ¡ƼƱʹͨͨС
ԶԶԣƼƱʹÿ춼ϡ

ڴԵĺ֮£һЩԭǿдС˵Ĵ㣬ȴֳٳ²ĵˣڲԥ
ǾˣҪʼԴС˵ΪһС˵ߡ
ȻǶ˵ˣǵƷôһ֧֣ǻʲôԥ͵ĵģ
ΪһС˵ߣԼƷĶָۣоǷǳġ
ǣҲ½ʼˣ׼С˵ˡ
еĴ˻ֲȥ;ѡܻܹȥģҲһȡĳɹ
ֻҪ˿ʼһһ㲻Ľ
ҵϲڴ
½˿ʼԴС˵С˵Ҳ½ʼѿ
һʱ֮һֳһƬٵ̬
ǸʱС˵Ҳһļ½С˵ѾѿԹӹƷΪ׵С˵ƷҲ˶أӰԣԼصĴͳС˵ҡ
ǸʱС˵ΪϣӰС˵֮һû֮һ
Ȼ˵Ӱָֻȶȡ

ʥ塣
С˵ܹѸٵķչʵҲ΢һ⣬չٶȱеҪһЩ
ϸƺҲС˵ƷǰѣͱȽѷˣĹҲˡ
С˵ƷѷС˵֮ķչҲ֮ˡ



ڶǧʮ ˼
Ե˵ͷС˵ķչԤеĸ죬Ȼһ顣
һѧӰȫһ죬ԭΪʱ絽Դ˷ǳڴ
ֻҪ¡Ʋ񷡷ͿˡƲ񷡷ܳԸһβ̵ʱ䡣
ˡƲ񷡷֮⣬ƻҪģǰƷв١
ԿƷͬʱˡĥ⣬ֻһƷһƷصĻЩˡ
û취ǰľƷкܶ࣬㽫ȫӿŲĻܾЩˡ
Ȼ¶ҲһʱȵƲ񷡷֮ټӿŲҲ١

֮
ĺʱ֣һС⣬ѣɽ͵֡
̫ѾɽͨϼȻҫķԶɽֺͺˮȫȾٻɫ
һλҡһҶСۣƵĳ
һֻҰѼܵ˾ţֻǸܵ˹¶ͻȻ֮ˮݴɳɳʮԶ֮ˮݴУʧ
ߣ뵽ǰǾ䴫ǧŵʫ䣬ϼɣˮһɫ
ǰʫϣ˳
֮ڰפ㣬Ǳǰ·ҪȥǰСһùݣЪϢһҹ
죬ظ绰˵һˣһˮķ顣
ʮ֮ǰ»ħȴ֪ΪʲôͻȻˣûʣѾͷӦͻȻ֮Ѫûʲôԭ򡣾һͻȻѪҪȥɳĮһһ
绰˵ϣȻѾͷ˼ҪԼһ
ԴˣȻܾڴþˣˮתһתһˮķ飬ȻҲһǳѡ
ԣԼĵص֮Х˽ϵС
ѾͷҪŻᵽһСܱ
Сܱ߹һ֮ҲѾĺ׼صСҼùס¡
ӱʱǡüϼɣˮһɫ̲ספ͡
ֹ߲һˣмũˣӦС򸽽˼ҡ
ֻǣũ˲ûһͣ½ŲǰΪ˾ѾϰΪѾкϡ档
ֻΪʱѾ磬ǼŻؼңеǹҵӰ֣ǲԸü˾õȡ
ǲ֪ϼУǽŲҴҵӰҲΪ˷羰һ֡
ǲķ羰
˼ŲҴҵũ֮⣬һˡСŮСŮСӣ·ܾˣϴúܸɾ
СŮһʯϣ˫ֲŪһ겻֪ʲôֵҰݣ۾Զƺڷƺڵʲôˡ
ԶҶС۳ʱԵĿСŮϲ
ԭСŮڵˣȵҡСۻ
ھ̫ԶͣҲ֪СŮĸ屲үү
СŮ10׵ľ룬龰Ҳû뿪СŮһźϵһҶСۣԽҡԽ
һ֮Сҡ˵Ӱһλʮҵߣ徫ݣƤڣΪýҲӲʡ
ӺпܵСŮүүСŮ֪үүСʱÿˣߵүү
ĳǳСŮǹŵ΢Ц
ֹһ֮Сҡ˽׼ˡ
СŮֱӱһﺰүү
Ȼүү
~Сϵ߳ĴӦһСŮ㣬ˡ
֮СϰС˩֮СŮڴߵţԼֻصӴﵣһӡ
ӵһ˷ȴĹߣһһ׵ˮ䣬ŵӦþǽջ
ģӦòأ߽ջӦòá
СŮүүŵϰ˷ܵʵүү˶㣿
ЦǺǵ˵㲻һ㣬ĽأӦܹüǮ⻹м㣬ҲСء
㣿Ǻö۾һߴҰ㣬ĽصȷСˣȷüǮ
˹ȥЦǺǵʵ˼ңջô
ߴһۣ΢ЦŻӦǲǵܴЩ㣬Ѿˡ
ͷʵ˼Ҵ㣬ȥ𣿡
ոߺСŮĶԻȻѾ֪ߴȥģҪʵġ
Цȷȥġ



ڶǧʮһ Ҫסù
˵˼ҴҰ㣬Ӧúɣ
ҡҡͷ˵ҪЩʱЩʱ˱Ƚ϶࣬Ҳǳе¡
ͷӣһˣӦв١˶ˣҲͶˣС򲻴󣬶̫ߣټרŷ㡢̼ң˽ңҲ
СشͨҪÿ˲٣һЩ·ģ·;Զÿˣпܻ㡣
Щÿ˶֪㣬Ұ㣬гǼ򵽵ġ
ԣ·ʱĻһЩߡ
ԣʱһ㶼Ĺ·õĻò˶ãᱻߡ
õĻǿܵϼСʱҲȥֻûؼιţȵһȥ
εĻǾֻԼˡҰ㾭ڣһ֮һϢʱȻ͸ӲȥˣֻԼˡ
һ˵һ߲ںӵţСŮıܵǰȥˡ
˼סԶ𣿡ʵ
ߵƺǳЦǺǵ˵Զһ·СӲطģ
ЦҴӸסһ˼ңһ·Ҳ̫Ұ㵣һɣȥ˳·
ʾã˵Ӳأȫû⣬ֶͣıʾл
״Ҳûм֣ǵͷ˵˼ҵȷӲʡ
Цׯÿ춼ŵģ嵹ȷССҪסһ𣿡
ȷסһҺͬԼСϣҪŵţҲпܻס
ߵͷ˵ԭ⡭ǡ
ͻȻ֮Щֹƺ˵ʲôֲ˼ڡ
Ц˼ǲ˵ʲô
ߵͷҡҡͷԥ˺һ֮˵ģСӼȻҪסһǿ϶ҪסùݵġҼҵСӣҲѾͷ֣ҲϿһùݡ
Ŷߵ˼Цԭ˼ҼҲһùݣ֪ʲô֣ĸλãҲҪһùݡȻ˼Ҽùݣҵǲȥˣ˼Ҽùסһ⻹øл˼ءȻһҪרȥùݡ
һ˵һϲϲɫһţ˵Ȼ󣬵ȴڽͨҪ˲١ԣϵùݱȽ϶࣬СӲȥѰңһߣӦöܹǼҵùݣڡϣȽϲСʵȥסġ
ԣʼպìܣƼԼҵùסƺǳĲ˼ܺ߼ҵùݣıȽϲйء
̫߲˼ȥס
УΪԭ߼ҵùⲻáȻҲǳĲ˼ȴֹҪ˵ڡ
Ҫٳôһ⡣
𣿡ɫҪһ
ӦʩȽϼª⵹Ҳûʲôһ޵ˣʩªһ㣬Ҳͼªһˡ
ʩªͬʱΪ⣬Ȼǲסģһߵӡۿۡ
ȥһ֮˵
ǣ˵˼ңһ㲢ûʲôϵɣȥһûԣҾס̫ĻҾȥĵط
Щϲͷ˵ããǾСȥһ
ȻϲΪĻԸס£Ϊҵùĺܲùˡ
Ȼ˵˿ȥһǶٶеϣ
ң˵ĻͲסûֵ°ƵĲȻĸо
˵ôסĻ߷ϲ
ΪĻסˣǿ϶ҲΪƴǣǿס¡˵ǷǳǸεģ߸ӵĲ˼ͲȻ
ԣ˵ĻͲסһҲȻˡ
һûסҲźٳɹȥˡ
ֺ˵һЩùݵ
ߵĻУ֪߼ҵùݣѾнһʱ䡣ߵĶȥ򹤻֮ΪһЩԭûٳȥ򹤡
ȥ򹤣ܵҵС˲٣ùݵƺߵĶӱ˿һùݵ뷨
ΪǮ࣬ߵĶѡˣǱһ׷ǳ˵ʽӣȻԼָΪùݣֻ䡣
˵ùݣʵǲô׼ȷġ
Ϊ䲢Ǳ׼ùݣʩҲãһֱʮֲҵһʱûʲôˡ
ڷǳˣҲǿ֧˹ҲҪ֧Ųȥˡ
ûǷٱˣûҲȻ



ڶǧʮ 
˵˸Ĺùݵ֮ȻɫǾȥùݿ֮˵
һ·ȷԶûһ֮󣬱㵽ߵļ
ȥ߼ҵùݣҪԣߴȻؼҽ£Ȼٴȥùݡ
Ȼû
Ϫ壬ʫһ֣߽ΪкܶԼϪ
ܹмʮ˼ңȽϷɢӿ΢ԵЩ
ȴΪСˮ˼ҡ
߽ӷźãСŮȥùݡ߼ƺûˣҲ֪ǻûлؼңǼֻߺСŮסûѯʡ
СŮѾЩϤˣ֪ҪȥסҵùݣҲԵ÷ǳˡСС͵ȻѾ˼ơ
һ·һ·ϣ·ϲһ·㵽С
߽˵·ȥϵţҵùݱ⡣
ͷСŮ֣һŹ·ǰС
תһ֮ѾܹСˣڼھҹɫ֡
Сĵƻ㲻÷Ҳ㹻˵Ŀ۽
߽һЩָųһӵʽݽ˵ǱСӿùˡ
߽֮ǰѾµˣֻһݿȥЩһùݡ
ȻһԭǱǶһƣõꡣ
СŮ֣õȥҲӿ˽Ų
СŮܽְְ֣֣Щ졣
ѾͷүүأһӵȻСŮĸˡ
СŮ˵үүں棬үүһλ䡣
ֻ֮һӿ첽˳ߵķ
һۣʮ꣬ݣеȸӣȥΪľ
ӿ߶ˣ첽ӭȥߺһ֡˵𣿻ӭӭ
΢Цŵͷǰ˶ٵСӵĵһӡΪ
ЦŽ˵СҽմʱںӱġСӺͬԼͷҪסһұ￴һ
˵ǵģֻЩ鷳˼ˣԴҹ
ߺʾ鷳Ӧõġ
߽õ꣬Ӵȥ䣬СŮš
ӷΪ㣬䶼ڵڶ㣬Ӵ¥ݼĵƣΪɨһ¥ݼܣ˵ͷ¥ݼûװޣɨ÷ǳɾһЩǴûʲôҳҲӹˡ
¥ݼǶ¥ȣͬɨúܸɾȵһſ
ӿٽȫ򿪣ϸ
˵һ鷳ˡ߽֮еһ䣬ʩȻʮּªʽֹľҲûд棬ϴ÷ǳɾ
˴֮⣬ֻһľڷˮ豭ߡûеӣûпյҲû磬ϴּС
ƿϴּţͬɨ÷ǳɾٴε˵ͷ
ܵ˵ʩȷǳª֮⣬ȫɨ÷ǳɾһַǳĸоġ
΢ԵЩţҲһֱ֮ˡ
ùѾʮûסˣû˼˷ֱ֮Ӿˡס޷ѣùݶҪˡ
ҲʩŪһ㣬һжֻΪһǮ֡
ʵ˵ѾǳڿôһõˡԭΪֻҪס޷յñһЩʩªӦҲкܶԸסġ
ʵϣԸס˵ȷУеҪٵöࡣܶԸһЩǮҲҪȥסһЩùݡƫƫϵùв٣ӵҲʮˡ
ѾڿǱӪˣùѾʵǾӪȥˡôһС򣬺ܶⶼѾˣҪӪѣ
Ӹոյķȥ俴˿͵һһʩªɨ÷ǳɾ
ϵһ䣬ǽһȴҰΪܹԶѾںڰеɽҰֽ֯һЩʫ⡣
˿ӣ⣺õֻһڴ𣿡
΢΢һ㶣ΪʲôͻȻ⣬Ǵǵģⲻô벻ˣҲûҪˣһ˴Ѿ㹻ˡ
ͷ˵˵ĸоģҾҪˡ
ΪϲˡȻֻôһ⣬õĿǰ˵ûκε壬Ǻõġ



ڶǧʮ ǽʫ
ȷ÷֮¥
ߺСŮһֱ¥µţߺСŮϣ¶ڴɫ
ߺ֪Ƿס£ûѯʡ
ЦЦ˵˼ңҾﻹסˡǳлҹ
ϲóΪѵĴסľﻹСЦ˵ӦǸлչŶԡ
СŮ˵ϲ𣿡
ͷ˵ɾӣһֺĸоϲס
СŮһ˵ҲϲҸϲ
Ц⻰ûٺãҲǱȲġ
ǣѾˣøϻؼȥˡ
ĿͶʧҹɫСȻѾھˣһƬ¹ޱߵĺɫԲҲ
ߺСŮȥ֮ȥתһ֮󣬲»صõ
ʱҹˣϵԲ£Ҳƺӵ
õ귿վڴߣ̧ͷһеԲ¡
Բ£ʫ黭ģŴĺܶʫ˶ϲʫΪʫ⡣
ҹбڼ׵ֹľϣߵĵһƬɫǶĺ˪һǴӴ͸¹⡣
˳Ȼһ뵽ǰһ׷ǳ򵥣ȴǧŵСʫ
ǧ׼򵥵СʫӵĹǰ֪Ĺʫ֮һ
ʫʫ̫׵ġҹ˼
뵽ʫӴ´ٴվ˴ϡ
ոңԼұ˼֪ΪΣ뵽ǰġҹ˼֮ټǰĴ˾ڼ磬ʼ˵˼
˼ܵȴʵ
ǧžò˼ҵˣ˹һҺܾõӣﱾͶԼҳ˼˾֮£ٿʫĹؽΪǿҡ
°˪壬ͷ͸ڴߵ¹⣬ȻЩ͸пԵռóһֻëʺīˮպīڴͷбǽд
ǰ¹⣬ǵ˪
ͷ£ͷ˼硣
ûʫҲûʮ֡

ڶϣ˷뿪õ꣬˷ʱӱʾСҹĻõꡣ
ȻΪϲ˵Сʱӭס
뿪֮ӽסķ䣬׼ɨһ飬ٻһ׸ɾĴס
һ䣬ӱע⵽һǽ϶˼ʫ
ףЩ⣬ʫǸµġ
ëʣֹһ䣬ⷿȻû׼ëʣӦЯˡ
ԶŻëʴߣӦһϲ鷨֮ˡ
ǽдһ㣬ӵǲʲôҲȥˣд־дְɡ
Ӷϸһһ֮£ȻһжãΪֱ
Ӳ鷨ȴóǽϵдüá
ô÷֪Ҳݲַֻ֪ǳǳĺÿǳÿë֡
Ӳϲ鷨ٺÿҲҲⲻˣΪʲôһЩϲ鷨˻˵Щдúõֱ֣һܣ
ֻһܣ޷⣬ҲһЩ˳֮Ϊһ֣ܵоһܡ
ֵȻǺ֣ҲֻǺֶѣ˵ܾ̫˰ɣ
ڣӿǽϵ֣ͻȻ֮Щϲ鷨˵˵
ΪʱĸоˣǽϵЩһܡЩֲԾһɡ
һʱ֮䣬Щԡû鷨Ҳϲ鷨һΪֶԡ
еԡ
ԭֶԣ֮ǰ֣԰ˡ
ӶסȻ𾴣Ҳ벻һҪˣ鷨边Ȼ֮
֮ǰǽдֲ⣬ڣͻȻ֮üΪˡ
ǽд֣鷨֮дǽϣֱǻؽҲġ
Īıʮ˷ܣԺܹܲȥһλ鷨֮ǽ֣Ѿ㹻ˣҲķ˽һʱ䡣
ǲ뷨ġϾվģǽϵٺãҲ
ķ˽һʱ䣬û׬ǮǮǲΪ֣вķ˽һʱ뷨ġ
ô͵˽һʱͳɱ
뷨һʱҲãɱҲգķ˾ͺķˣûйϵ
뷨Ӳ̫ãȴе뷨



ڶǧʮ ܲ
̾˺һ֮ȥֵݣһʫ
ǰ¹⣬ǵ˪ͷ£ͷ˼硣鲻Խĵ
һ׷ǳ򵥵ʫ˵ĵһоȲҲޣƺһΪѰʫ
ԣ֮󣬲ûڵһʱ䱻޵ûڵһʱ䱻޵Ҳûٰѹעʫϡ
Ӳʫʰߣʫûʲôĸоڵһʱͽ˳׾޵ʫӲŻЩȤ
֮ǰһЩʫһ
ʫӵĸоԶûֱޣӳԡ
ԣóһۣס鷨輫ߣʫˮƽһ㡣
ȻȻʫһ㣬Ϊ̫ھޣܵ˵ӻǷǳϲġȻ𾴣ҲûΪʫһˡ
ո˷ʱ˵ϹҹĻסӵһڴϣܹסһϡ
ˣסĻס޷ѡ
һ֮ӿʼɨʵܸɾӻǴɨ÷ǳ档

뿪õ֮ȥҪȥͳԡҪʱŻᵽһתһ硣
ſڣĿλ˼㡣
߹ȥЦʵ˼ңô
߼Ҳǳĸˣ˵ĽصѾˣһλ·˾ߵģ˳㡣Сӣסú𣿡
ǳҺ⡣ҽ컹ҹĻһǵȥס
߸Ǹˣ˵ͺãͺáллչǵ⡣
ֵǾﻹԲסµģչ⡣ҾòеĻҲסԣǲлҡ
ҡͷȷ˵ȴһģҪлл㡣
ЦЦҲټ⣬˵˼ңҽȥˡףꡣ
ߵõģСټÿһ㡣
Ӧһֺߵһα߽֮š
˵ͳԣ֮СƵĹš
Լôʱ֣СıţغܿҪˣء
֮һ⳵ǰͣ£һ򿪣һĸŮӣء
򣡡һ³⳵ر
Сһ㣬ͥڵģӰ쵽˼ҡ
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ЦЦ˵ˣȥԷɡʲô
صԵɣԹ˴ĶܸоĶóˡ
Ȼˣɫɫֵóһġ㲻ܽˮʳҲǱҪһġ
۾һ˵ҲԡʳҲһĻǽʲô
߰ɣҶѾˡǵصĽʳ
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صҸոģڸоеˡ
Ц˴Ͷһ㡣
ɫ˺һЩصСԡ
˳Բ˶١ԣûдص㡣
ʱ½˽ɫζȫɫڵһλ˵һ˺òóҲ̸ҪӾϴһܡ
һͨ׵˵Ҫࡣ
½Ĳˣ໹ǲģζҲУȻ޷ʥʳᲢۣҲһֶصĿζ
Ѿͷôó𣿡ʵ
صԣܹԵĲˣҲǲˡǽϵʳ𣿻
ЦЦ˵ǾͶԵ㡣
غĴӦһ
֮󣬵ǰ̨ˣصѾͷǮ𣿡
ڰһңֻҵһԪ˵ֻôࡣ
һٲҲûǮˣոչʱȥȡһģȴûзȡ
ݳһп˵ˢ𣿡
ĹԱǸЦЦ˵ǳǸﲻˢ
ͷʵǸȡ𣿡
Աͷеģ΢һԶҪҡ
ûϵôߣȥȡǮ㡣
Ա˵õӴųȥתȻ󡭡
ݹԱָ·ҵȡȡЩǮֻص¥Ǯٴκ߳¥
ٴ߳¥֮ĥţڵ磬ûֽĻֻˢпЩ㰡



ڶǧʮ ҪҪס
ʱЩǰƶ֧ˡ΢š֧Ƴɨֻ֧ɨһɨ֧ˣ㡣
ĿƼֻܷ滹ǰǰ棬֪Ϊʲôԭƶ֧ȴٳû𲽡
ĥţǲӦҸᣬƳһǰ΢Ȼ΢ŵĵǮɨ֧ȹܸƹ
һеļƻҸ
ȥʵ
ҪҪסһҪסһĻǿСΧ棬ϻס
룬˵ӲԶһ򣬽ֹǸε㣬֡ȥסȻ󣬽ĻΧ棬ȥֹ򡣡
ͷҲԡھ߰ɣǴӶųȥ
صͷһŶŵķȥ
˶ţŹ·һΣ۴ѾɫԽɽˮΪĿ
غϲϵķ羰Ȼ续һ㣬һѡϣ˵ط
ɽˮʱǹúܿ죬һתۣѾϦɽϼͮͮ
ȻϦҲˣ⽭ˮϦա
ϦģҲǶݵģɫ䰵
һž˵ɽۣ˵߰ɣȥֹˡ
ͷһڣХӴޱȵӰվͷ֡
һЩʱĽХٻռ䣬ХԶš
ոȻôڣֻҪһХܹӦؿһ۷
Եռκ˵ܵҲ˵ֻ֪ХԼʥɵġ
Ȼʥ嵽ľ룬һǧ๫Х˵ɹҲǷַӵ顣
ХأХıϣХ޴˫ʲôѾȵ˸߿ա
ΪڣХ첢ûȫУֻǻУֻǻУϰٹľҲܿ켴
ֹΧһļ˵ĵطХϢء
µ֮ХٴգٻصԵռС
߰ɣȥϡ˵
صͷһȥ

֮ǰСţסǼõꡣ
ӼɫѾھˣȻûг֣̾ϢһӣǸѾ뿪ˡ
ţȻ˵ˣҹĻõһ
ûֻ֤Ѿ뿪ӡ
Ӿ÷ǳźһΪ輫鷨Ȼ𾴣ټһ
ΪṩһסޣԸûдɣӷǳź֪ϾͲȡס޷ѡ
һΪṩһסޡ
һ̾ϢҲ֪ԺûлᣬΪṩһסޣ

ֹ
Ѿﲻһε㣬֮ǰǸСҪֲ١
ܶطƻԻͣҹзǳ֣Լ̯Ϊۻҡ
ضµĹ˺һһط
ʱȡһЩǮʱڵǲõûǮˡ

֮ǰСųõꡣ
ڵſڣ΢ЩӦֲпˡ
ԴˣѾϰߡ
ڼ֮ǰÿҹĻٵʱǼепסꡣʱƣһһεĲпʵӶûп˵ҹѾЩľˡ
ûп˾ûп˰ɣҲ˶ˡ
Ȼ˻Уÿ춼УˣһˣֻǾˣ֮󣬶ҡҡͷѡ뿪
Ҳͬˡ
һʮ꣬Щ糾͵ݸӣһĴıõͣ˽Ų
ݸŤͷšõꡱƸԥƬ̣ǰʵϰ壬з𣿡
Ӳûжϲ˺ؼǿ֮ܲ
õϰ壬ҲǸӴеģҪס
ݸӵͷ˵ţǮȿ𣿡
ϰ岢⣬ڼе˶Ҫȿ䡣ʵҲã֮Ҫסססˡ
˵Ҫסȥ˷ֲ֮⣬Ҫ˷װ˷˵ĸ顣
ϰͷ˵ʮһ
ݸҲͷ۸Ǳˣűϰ¥
ϰͬȫ򿪣ݸӿ
ݸ߽еһ䣬ɨһȦ֮üͷ΢塣Ȼʩ⡣
ݸ˵ϰ壬Ҳһ𣿡
ϰ΢ЩεЦЦͷһġʩȷȽϼ򵥣ģסžġˣһĲɹҪһЩӴȥԿķ羰
ݸû˵ƺЩʲôԣݸڿҪҪס
ϰ˵һɹãӴԿķ羰ݸӲû⡣
ϵģɹʲôãϻʲô羰



ڶǧʮ ҹ˼
ݸ˼Ƭ֮˾˵ԣɣ￴ͦɾġ
Ȼڷʩ̫⣬ɨ÷ǳɾס޷ֱˣҪѾΪƣֻ˯
һƼªһ㵹ҲûʲôϵֻҪɾ˯ˡ
ϰԵʮϲ˵õȥ¥Ǽǡ
ݸӵͷ±ϰһ߳䣬׼ȥ¥ȥǼǡ
֮߳󣬿ţݸ뵽ϰոƺ˵һĲɹãӴԿķ羰ܶ˵ʵûãϰȻ˵ˣݸͻȻȥǸ䣬Ҳ¶
ǣݸ˵ˣϰ壬ո˵ĲɹõǸ䣬һ䣿
ϰָϵķ˵һˣҪ𣿡
ݸӵͷɡ
ϰõģ
ϰʾݸ롣ݸӵͷߵϵķſڣ򷿼￴ȥ
һ䷿ĲɹȻãΪڷ仹ûпƣͨӴ͸¹⣬Ѿϡܹ龰ˡ
ʵģһɴЩݸע⵽ϵ
ݸ˵ϵܴ󰡣
ϰӿڵʮ壬ȷܴ󡣡
ʮ𣿡ݸ˵ѹôƽʱҪѾ֪ũʮˡ
һũʮ壬ǵ뿪죬Ҳũʮ塣ֻǣѾǵǶٸ֮ǰũʮˡ
ֻǵ뿪ϵҲԲҲ
һɵ˼Ϯݸӵͷܿ죬ݸӾɢ˼ϰ˵ϰ壬Ҫ䷿ɡ
ϰͷõģҴ򿪵㿴
ݸӵͷ
ϰ彫ƴ򿪡һ򿪣ĵƹܿɢ˷ﵭ¹⣬ͷոǹɵ˼ɢ
ɨһ۷䣬ʩȻ֮ǰǼ䷿һȻҲͬɾݸ˵ɡ
ϰͷõģȥùŵ֮ǱȥǼǡ
ݸӵͷص֮ǰķ佫Լıϣŵߵķ֮󣬺ϰһ¥Ǽǡ
ǼǹݸӶ¥뷿䣬÷ţ򵥵ϴһ֮󣬹˵ƣɵ׼˯ˡ
ѾΪƣ֮ס˯
ֻǣƹص֮ʵ¹䣬ݸӺȻ֮Щ˯ˡ
ݸվ˯ˣѾƣˡ
ֻǲ֪ΪʲôԭݸӲû˯̫
֪˹ãݸӴ˯Ժ΢΢۾ߵĵϷŵģʶ͵İ׹⡣
ʲôݸȻԺ֮Уһʱ֮ûиǵİ׹⵽ʲô
Ƭ֮ݸӲЩѹԭǴӴ͸¹⣬ﶼС
ݸĪ̾Ϣһ˽ʮ壬Բ
ݸӱ˯ȥЩ˯ˡҲ֪ǲΪ¹ԭ
ݸЩΣ֪ͲӦѡ䣬¹¹˯žĻƺͲôˣǶһƣ˯˵
ݸҲ֪Ϊʲô¹˯ž֪ĻӦòѡ䡣
ЩѣЩԺݸһ۾
һΣݸͻȻ֮䡰סһԺ֮Уֶǽƺдʲô֣
岻ֱ⣬ݸ֮ǰûз֡
дʲôΪʲô֮ǰûз֣ݸӰֹһЩ浽дʲô˯ţԱ´սһЩϸ
һս֮ٽ¹⣬ܹˡ
֮ͬǰϰһݸͬڵһʱ䣬㱻ͬһ־޵ˡ
ݸһ飬˲࣬Ȼܹд˾޵֣
ٿݡ
ǰ¹⣬ǵ˪
ͷ£ͷ˼硣
ԭһʫʫʣҲ㲻жϲƽʱپ޵ʫʣҲû̫ĸо
ڣӰ˪ҹӿǽϵʫȴסˡ
һ˼ͻȻ֮һϮͷһΣ˵ǿң
ǿҵݸҲ޷һ˼ɢ
ңԽԽǿңԺֻ֮˼Լ˼˵˼ȥõ˼
ݸӾѾ֪Ƕٸ֮ǰģ뿪ʱģѾǳģ˳һ̱쳣
ĸĸеĵǺͲᡣл׵ĺ֣Ųߡͻݵӻ֣չ˺Լ˵ùǣżչ˺øĸӡ
һжˣֻͲģ



ڶǧʮ ǲԭʫ
˺һ֮ݸ»صϣ£Ŵ¹⣬˼ǧ
һƯ˵һҹһʫѾǿҵĹ
֪һʫ˭дģҲȷʫʲôʱʫֻ֪ǵһμʫ
ʫʲûʲôоƽʱӴҲãҲʫˣֻڲǵһοˡ
ֻǣʫдǽϵˣȻżߵ鷨裬˭ʲôʱдģ
ѵϰдģΪªĿͷһЩϢ
ֻǣϰ뵽鷨֮ΪдʫΪʲôֱдõ棬Ҫдһ۵һǽϣ
ʫд棬ֻƾʫǶٵĿˡ
ݸ벻⣬ȥϰ塣
һʫһ׷ǳ򵥣ûκλ޴ǵСʫһ׿ЩͨСʫȴǿҵĹ
һЩ΢ƸһЩˣʪۿˮ
ôӦһ׺ʫɣ
ݸӶԴ˲ȷʫûжоǱʶΪֻ΢һЩǳʫܹǺʫ
ҪݸԼ˵ʮȷһһ׺ʫ
ʲôʫǺʫܹĵʫǺʫ
ݸԼģĶ嵽㲻ԡ
ⲢûʲôϵֲҪʲôȥֻҪʲôΪǺʫͿˡڱϿɲϿɣǲҪ
ոյʫֻһ飬Ѿ׵ļסˡ
Ĭʫݸ˼糱ûйǿҵ˼
֮ǰÿһ죬ڱæµͷżҲһ˼Լ磬ˣԹ˼˼ܿͻɢ
ûŨŨ˼ôҲ֮ȥһжΪǽϵһСʫ
֪˶ãݸӲԺ˯ȥ
ֲ֪˶ãɫˡ
ݸһ۾¹⣬Ѿʧеֻ峿⡣
Լɢ࣬ƺȻĿ˼
¹пСʫԼΪСʫǿ˼һ㣬ʵá
ݸͻȻһݣæŤͷһǽϿȥжļУɫпСʫǸλá
һŤͷȻһʫͬһ֡
ǲΣʵġݸȷһ㣬ǽϵʫڵĹ֮߱Ҫ࣬ӲÿҲܿ÷ǳˡ
֣ǲԾ翵֣ģ˳
ʫѾǳϤ
ַ˺һ֮Ӳʼϴ
ϴֿ֮ʼʰ׼˷뿪컹Ҫͷ˼ֻܷĵס
¥£ݸӽ֮ϰϰ壬˯Ǽ䷿Ĵβǽдһʫʫϰд𣿡
ϰҡҡͷЦ˵ǣһλдȥġ
ϲдȥģݸһ㶣ʶʵ
ϰͷȷϲдȥģ֮ǰ֪Ǹ˵鷨边Ȼ֮
ˣݸһ㶣鷨֮ˣһ
ϰʮȷ˵ǵģᣬҲֻжʮӡ
ݸɻһʮˣôôߵ鷨裿Ȼ鷨Ҳ֪鷨ջ۵ĲϰûʮĿ๦ʲôɾ͡˵ﵽ˾ˡϰ壬㲻Ū˰ɣ
ϰЦȻŪӦҲѾˣⲢáԣܹ϶ʫǸдȥģԲд
ݸӲò˵ͷȷˣȷáΪƣӦҲǲסġ
Ȼס޵Ŀ֮٣ϰȷӦòŪ
ݸӸп벻羹Ȼܹͣ鷨ϴﵽ˾ĳ̶ȡӦñǴ˵еĲŰɡ
ϰͷͬ⣬˵ȷǲšֻϧʫˮƽƺôߡ
ŶݸϰΪ˵
ϰǽϵʫ㿴סǰ¹⡯ʫӦ㲻жɣ
ݸֵϰ˼ǣʫǸԭģ
⡭ϰһ㶣ʵѵǣ
ݸӵҲ֪ҶʫûʲôоҲ֪׵ʹˣֻܳȥʫԭ
ϰһ㶣˵һ˵
֮ǰϰȷǽϵʫд֮󣬱ʶΪʫ϶Ҳһԭʫˡ
ݸһ˵ϰŻȻ԰ǽдʫֲһҪԭʫȫԽһױ˵ʫдȥ
ôʫʹ˵ģԭʫ
ݸӲȷϰҲȷˣǶʫʰߣҿ϶ʫǷѾڣ
ֻȷǵһοʫ
ûпʫ̫ˣܶʫóǶǵһο
ͨһҲͬȷ
Ͼÿһʫǿͨġ
ʫǲԭʫַǳҪ



ڶǧʮ Ѱ
ΪһʫǸԭġ
ôƺܹóǸʫˮƽһĽۡ
Ͼϰ֮ԻóĽۣΪһʫ
ʫ˼дˣôԴ˶϶˼ҵʫˮƽһأ
ȻһĻǾֻٳһǾǸ˸дʫһˮƽ̸ˡ
⣬Ҳȷпܵġ
ϾѾ鷨ϸôߵ츳ٸʫŲǡ
ôʫǲԭͳΪ˹ؼ
ҪŪ⣬ƺѣֻҪ֪Ǹ˵־Ϳˡ
鷨֮ˣӦòǻ֮ɣȻˣϿ϶ܹѯϵġ
ʱ˵׻᲻ʫ˴𰸡
뵽ݸϰǸ˽ʲô֣
ϰңҡͷ˵Ҳ֪
֪ݸɻסס겻ҪݵǼϰô᲻֪أ
ϰǸЩ⣬ҸԴġԣҲûΪݵǼǡ
ԭݸӵͷǲǼ˼ϰ£ܲˡ
ֻǣһͲ֪Ǹ˵ˣź
ݸӵ̫źˡ֪֣ܹ֪ˡ
ϰҲͬź˵ȷźԸʲôʱܹסޡ
ݸӵͷ׼뿪Ȼʲô˵ˣϰ塣ո˵ʫж𣿡
ϰͷǰʫȷоΪͨǳ򵥵һʫ㲻𣿡
𣿡ݸӳĬƬ֮˵Ҳɡ
֮ݸ뿪̤Ͻı;

æڱʱǹúܿ죬һʱܿȥ
ҹĻٵʱݸѾһµĳУסһµùݡ
ùݵʩõҪ࣬յӡʩС
Ȼ۸ҲҪϲ١
Ψһͬǣ¹һһԲ
ڴϣŴӴ͸¹⣬ݸһշתߡ
ʱʫ
æڱݸѾʫ׵Ժ󣬵ڣŴӴ͸¹⣬ˡ
һһ˼һϮͷһǿҡ
ǵһʫΪʲôԲ֮ҹƲסͷ˼
ϵʱǼõϰ˵ʫûʲô֮һ׺ܼ򵥵ͨСʫ˵ȷûд
ΪʲôܹǿҵĹ
УʫʹڣǸֵԭ
뵽⣬ݸͻȻǿҵĺ֮ģ򿪵ƣóֻʼ
ȻʫУҲһܹϢһܹϢأ
ݸӽʫľ䣬ÿһ䶼ֱ棬źӲûκصϢ
ѵԭֻʫһ׼ʫûκιϢһݸţòۡ
ݸӾЩɥͬʫЩоĻ˵ܹóˡ
ţȵȡʫЩо
ݸͻȻǰһȻʫûʲôокܶ˶ʫокܶʫˣҶᾭϿ
òۣϿ϶ܹó۵ˣ
ݸ֪ʫһȨרҵ̳ʫءһЩʫˣҶᾭû
ԽʫʫϣŹþͻдˡ
ݸȲĿʼж½ʫأעһʺţȻʫȥ
Ȼݸбע˵˵ʫ
ȻһʲôȨףǿɾ͵òʧˡ
ҹĻʱ֣ȫصĺܶطͬݸڵĵطһԿԲ¡
ڴշתߵˣͬзǳࡣУвʫʰߣʫءȥĵط֮һ
һЩʫʰշתߣʫأһЩ֮˯
ҲһЩ֮󣬱ܹ˯ˡ
ܱ֮һһʫʰߣҲһƯϰ塣
ûµԭʫʳ֣һһ˵
ϲ˼ҵԭʫʣд÷ǳԭʫʡ
Ϊһֱ봴ʫʣ˵ԭʫʣиһִļͿ֣Լڴһ
Ȼʫϴԭʫʵˣ඼һʫʰߡ
Щרҵʫ˻зʫʵר;ʫϴġ
ʫ뿴ģʫʰǵԭʫʡ
ΪʫʰǴʫʣˮƽ߲ȥ÷ܾҲܹͬˮƽʫʡ
Ҫľָо



ڶǧʮ Ӧǿ
Ƭ֮󣬹ȻһʫܾһΪܰ
֮ԹԵĵһţ㲻ΪȻԵá
ûУһʫ÷ܹ񫣬
ַ֮һʫʫûʫֻʫľ䡣⵱ȻҲܶ෢ʫûʫ
ɨһۣһ׷ǳ򵥵ʫȥҲǳͨܵͷȻϰԵ
ǰ¹⣬ǵ˪
ͷ£ͷ˼硣
ʱ򣬷ܻûʲôо֮󣬷ͻȻ֮סˡ
ʫ
ʫƷǳ򵥣ʵҲȷǳ򵥣ʫУȴƺ޾ġ
ʫʫûдĶҪԶѾдĶöࡣ
ЩûдĶȴ̺ⲻҼ򵥵
ʫȷ򵥣־Բ򵥡
¹࣬͸ûʵĴ͸͸ߣ˲乴˷ܵ޾˼
Ѿкüµʱˣ¹ôһԲɣ
Ҳ̲סĴӴ´ڣ׵¹˲ø߹ڿеȻǳԲ
ʮ𣿲֪ʱڼ磬ܹܲ¹ǷվڴǰܴЩ
˺һ֮󣬷Ȼ֮ʲôʫ˭дģһʫʰ֣֮
ܣ
׿Ƽ򵥣Ҳȷʮּ򵥣ȴһַ豹ļ򵥣һִﵽ߾ļ򵥣Ǻܶʫּ򵥡
ǵģͬʱȴǷḻġģȴζġ
ܾһʫʰߣܹдʫ
ΪʲôҪʫţߣ
Ѹٻصϣֻ鿴ߵϡţһϤʺţһԾȷǳͣҪôʺţҪôƽʱԾ
ţʫ·бעոյûע⡣
ϸȥעԭ߲ʫԭߡôߵʺϵûˡ
ԭߣʵ൱ź
ȵȣȻ߲ԭߣȻʫ˵Ӧúԭʶֻʲôطʫ
֮߸ʫ϶йϵ
뵽һ˷ܣ·ѯʷһЩ⡣
ֻǣĶˣкܶ˱졣·ĻظѾˡ
һԲ֮ҹȻܹһʫң˲ƲסԼˡ˭ƷԵĴʦ¥Ӧ֪˭Ʒɣ죡죡ң
ʫΪͨѰϸһƷζȴʫﵽ˷豹߾硣Բһʫ˵Ʒ¥˭Ʒֻ￴ʫģ
ڹ޲ȻȻɵʫֱܹʫᲢۡĪҪһλΰʫˣܵϢ
¥Ͻʶʫߣʲôطʫ㵹ǳ˵㷢ʱ䣬ڼ֮ǰӦûڰɡ
ǣ¥ϽܣҪҪô̼

֮Ļ֪ǲûˣֻҪȴ¥ɡ
¥ٳٲǼˡ

¥ǲѾ±ˡ
ʲôհʫȥӦ֮ǿˣ
ݸԭǣ֮鿴ġ룬һϵʱ䣬Ӧûд˰ɡ
ȻŹ˼ʱ䣬ʫĻظԴԴϵðȫˡ
Ӧ̫ǿңǿҵԶԶ
ʲôԭɵģΪЩʫʰǣʫ֣ӦǿңΪʫܲ򵥣ʫʰǵķӦǿң
⿴һЩ֮ݸȷϣԭǺߡ
ܶ˶ʫȻ򵥣ȴһַ豹ļ򵥣˵ԺʫᲢۡ
ǰݸһȻôϲʫʣʫ˵еˣ׹
ʫܹ˵ʫᲢۣⲻܰɣ
ʫΪǿҵĹȷӦòһͨʫ
ݸֿһЩ֮󣬷ִҵķӦȻǳң˷ǳ࣬û˸ҪĴ𰸡
֮԰ʫʫֻ̳Ҫ֪ʫʹڣǸǽдֵԭ
˷ӦӦõȷǸԭˡ
Ϊʫʹ˵Ļҿ϶ķӦ
Ϊ˸ӵȷݸ룬ӵҺãҲʶʫߡһõǽϿʫġ֮԰ʫȷһ£ʫǲʹˣ



ڶǧٰʮ ʫ֮⣬ֻ˭
ʫʰǿȴ¥ˡ
ȫǾһзӦˡ
ԭ¥ʶԭߣֻһõǽϿʫ
ţʹ֮ǰĲ²һ¥ҪôʶԭߣҪôʲôطʫ
¥⣬κ˶ܹش
˻شʫ֮ǰûгֹ˷豹ʫһ־ԻΪǼҲܶû˵
ݸӼˣͷȻˡӣʫӦþǸסˡ
ЩʫʰǵۣʫȻΪĲƽ
鷨Ƿ켫ʫˮƽ˲Ǹ˵˭
ݸһʱ֮Щˡ
һʫصʫʰǣըˡ
¥¥ôֲ˵ˣǶصˣ㵹˵
¥ְ¥

һ֮ݸֲŷӦϽӵʵǷǳǸǳлҵĸ֮ҸոǸ˵ʲôݣЩˡ
ˣʲôˣ¥ѻ˵У˵õʲôطʲôʱ򿴵ʫġ
ǣǡ¥ǵθˣϿǰ

úúãҲҪż͸ǡǼõڽʡһֺСϡϵųǣ㿴Ǽõˡó̡һҷǳªصõꡣǼõסޣȻǽϿʫġ˵ˣӦþʫߣʫдǽϵġ
ʡֺû򰡣ڽʡʲôط
Ҳⲻص㡣û˵СͶˣ֪ʲôطϲ鿴һµͼ֪ˡصˣ˺¥˼ʫһˣ
ԶԶԣص㡣ԣǲԣ¥˵ʶʫԭô֪һˣѵʲôõǽϣʫ֮⣬Ϣ

ݸӸӵûУǽֻľʫʫûУ˵Ϣˡ֪֮һˣǼҵϰҵġϰ˵ǰһסޣȻڶϣǸ뿪֮ȥʰ䣬㿴һǽ϶һʫ
ԭô˵һס޵ˣǼõǽϣµʫˡȻǸסˣϰӦõǼϢɣӦ֪Ǹ˵ֲŶԡ¥ӦҲ˰ɣ˽ʲô֣
˵ʣݸӼ£źźˡҵʱȷ˵ϧǣΪһЩԭϰ岢ûеǼǸ˵ϢҲͲ֪ˡ
¥˵еʫʰǣȫеǳź˲ĵļʵϰ϶ǼǸ˵ģ¥ûϰǸ˵ò
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⵹Ҳǡϰ˵òʵҲûʲôáһʫʰ
ôʲô취ܹƲǸ˵ݣ
һʫʰǽʾ֭ͻȻ۾һ뵽֡
Ȼ¥ǽϿʫģôͨд֣²һ
¥Ǹдô
ᵽǸд֣ݸӾЩ˷ܣ˵˵Ǹд֣Ҫ˵Ŀɾ̫ˡֻҵûжīˮҲ֪ݣһЩ֣̲סЩ˷ܣЩʵ̫ƯˣƯ޷ݣֱһ㣬ڲͣƮֲԾֻЩֱ˳ԡ
¥˵еʫʰȫһ¥Ǹ˵ֵۣνߡ
ֱֻ˳ԣ鷨赽Ҫܹд֣
鷨ɲ⣬׷豹ļСʫֳʫˮƽ裬ƺҲͬɲ⣬ֺᡣ
һˣ˭
ƺѾԶֻһˣ˵е
ңһҼªӵСõǽʫ鷢ϣǾпܵġ
κεط֣κ飬㶼Ҫ֡
еʫʰһ˲䣬ȫüΪ˷ܺͼ
ʫٳ
ݵĳ֮ǳ׵ı
ģġӦ뵽ˣܹд˷豹ʫˣʫ֮⣬ֻ˭
ԴˣдʫˡȻΪܹյȷҾ׸ֳ鿴һ
ȥȥȥͿˡҲȥһȥͿˡ
ǴԶģô˼ȥֺܽȥͿˡ



ڶǧٰʮһ ȲԤ
ȷʫпǳ֮֮һʫʰ￪ʼ궯
ҪȥֳԸһ漣
ʫѾ٣ֳܹʫ漣ĵطĿǰֻһ̩ɽۣ֮һ
ڣֺĳõ꣬ǵ
ң¥˵ʫʱǰϣܹ֮ˣеĸܵʫµĺۼ
еʫʰǣȫǳ궯ҪϢûг׵Ĵȸϵֳȥ׷Ѱʫɵ㼣
ĳƵݸһǸĿ𣿿Щʫʰƶӣƺļпܡ
ݸӱüΪ˷ܺͼȻʫʰߣڴȴʼռΪĽ
ǰ֮ľ룬ңɼڣоľ룬֮
ЩʫʰǣȲҪȥֳԸܵļ飬ݸӱһǰδеС
ôʫʰǣȲҪȥ׷ģѾϾ͵õˡ
˵ǰ棬ڳõϰ֮
뵽õϰ壬ݸĪһͻͻȻ֮䣬һּΪǿҵĽõϰ嵽׻ĻԵõǽϣױ˵һʫ
ݸףӴ֮󣬳õ޿ͣҪﲻˡ
һпĽҲֻĽķݡ
ݸ׼˳ʫˡֻǣ֮пԼʺţȻյϰٷ˽š
ݸֲ죬ողעʺţʫҲһ˶ʶôͻȻ֮յô˽ţ
ɻĵ㿪֮ˡ
ϰٷ˽Ȼʸһ˼ȴȫһģҪõϵʽ
ЩʫʰǣΪʲôҪҪõϵʽݸ΢һĥ׹
ЩҪͨ绰ǰԤ䣬ֻȥֳι۸ܣ㣬ǻҪǼ䷿סһҹ
֪ͬ뷨˿϶ܶ࣬Ĵ绰ȥԤ䣬ǲ֪Ҫŵʲôʱȥˣ
ǲݸЩԥ뿪ʱ򣬵ȷ˵绰
ԥƬ֮ݸӻǾ֮ͶѣֶΪء

ֺ򣬳õꡣ
ϰһ¥ſڣŵ⣬һЩվûпˣ϶пס֮ҪЪ
ϰһ̾ϢѾ׵ľӪȥˡ
ʱֻϰóֻһһصİ롣
ϵģ˭
ϰЩɻĽͨ˵绰
绰ͷƺЩȲϰ˵绰ûüϰԵġιһ绰ͷѾ˵ˡ
ιãֺĳõ𣿡
ϰ΢΢һ㶣Է˭˭˭Ƿǳõ꣬˵Էǳõġ
˽һĵ꣬ǵһؿˣڵ绰õϰЩɻЩ˷ܺڴ
ãǳõ꣬ʲô԰ϰŵ绰˵
ãҪԤԼһ䣬סҪǽСǰ¹⡯ʫǸ䡣𣿡
ȻԤԼģϰ峹׵ˣԿ⻹ǵһͨ绰ԤԼ䡣
ţԣԷô֪иǽʫ
ϰЩͿˣһʱ֮û˵
绰ͷϰһʱûлػƺӵļȣ׷ʵϰ壬𣿡
ԷļϰԷǳԵĸоԷΪʲôôôУϰĺͿˡ˵𣿿ԡõģһǼǡ
ϰ˵绰ͷ˷ǳԵһ˵úãϰ壬Сǰ¹⡯ʫǼ䷿䣬ҪǼǴˡ
õǼ֮ϰ˵绰˷ܣȴǺͿ
ʱ绰ˣصİ롣
ʲôϰĺͿͨ绰Էƺһ˸ӼУιãǳõҪԤһ䣬ϣҪǽдСǰ¹⡯ʫķ䡣
ԤķģҪĻʫǼ䷿䣬Ϳ֮УϰҲˣʵǳʫġ
Ҳֻһ㣬ȻͿ
Ϊʲô֪ǽʫʫΪͨΪʲôҪʫ
˼ǸϸոѾԤˡܺͿҪصġ
绰ͷ̾ϢһʵأԤ𣿡
ûС
ǾͺãǾͺáԤϰ壬ԤԤԷһ˵˺üԤϰ岻Ԥһ
ãáһµǼǡͿУϰõǼǣҶ˵绰
졢죬춼Ԥ䣬ĵͷһΡ
ϰȻ˷ܣʼպͿ벻ס
벻׵ǣ⻹ֻǿʼ



ڶǧٰʮ Ҫ֮ȥ
ڶ绰ոչҶϣֻˣһεǸصİ롣
ιǳõǲһ䷿ǽдһʫͷһǡǰ¹⡯ҪԤǸ䡣ѾԤˣأǴأúúãǾԤϡ
Ȼ󣬵ĸ绰ϴ
ʲôѾԤһ֮ȥˣҲΪʲôǵٶô죿Ҳһ֮һ֮󡣡
ˣˣȶķ䣬ԱߵǼ䷿䡣ʲôԱߵķ䶼Ԥһ֮ȥˣúãҪ
Աһ䷿أԤһ֮ȥˣķأʲôûˣһֻ䣿ϰ壬ⷿҲ̫˰ɡҪҸܹסʱ䡣

绰һһϰҲ֪Ѿ˶ٸ绰ˣֻ֪ɤӶЩˣʫǼ䷿䣬ѾԤ֮ȥˡ
䣬ҲѾֱԤһ֮ȥˡ
Уϰʼնһȫ±Ƶ״̬͸оһʵ
ţԣζоҪʵһЩ
ϰȻʼ±ƺͺͿ֪Ǹǽµʫйء
ʫѾ洫ˡ
δģϰ׾뵽ˣס޵ǸݸߵӣԼ֮⣬ֻǸݸӼʫ
ôֻǸݸӽʫȥˡ
Ⲣص㣬صΪʲôʫ֮󣬻䶯ľ棿ôȲĴ绰ҪԤ䣬ʲôʣҪԤ䡣
ѵЩ绰ҪԤˣµǸ˵ݣǸ˵ݼΪ˶ˣȲҪסͬһ䷿䡣
Ǹ˵˭ϰϸǸ˵ݣƺΪͨһˣʵǲ²Ǹ˭
Ǹ˭ϰѾ˸мǾеĹˡ
ϰٸҪԤĵ绰ҲŵãȫԤˡԻ͵ĳɼ˵Һ۵ĳõ꣬ЩǼƵ꣬ҲǾûйġ
˵Ѿһ漣
ϰ˵̫ڲʵˣΣʵ
˷ܣ˺ܳһʱ֮ϰڸоһ˿ʵԡ
Ǹ˭ϰȻ֪ţһжд𰸡

ڶ죬ãϰţʼӪҵ
մŲã㿴һʮ۾ӣҴҵĸϵվšõꡱƣ˵ĳõ꣬Ӧþһˡ
۾ӿϰ壬ϸֳ˷ܺڴɫ첽ܵϰǰ˵ϰ壬ǳõϰɣǲһһǽϣһһʫһǡǰ¹⡯
ҹϰ岢⣬ֻû뵽ôˡ
˵ȷˣǰϣһס޵ˣǽһʫ
۾ϰȷϣԵøӵ˷ܺڴ˵ϰ壬ҿȥ𣿡
ϰͷȻԣ¥
õģõģллϰ塣۾æֱͷ
ϰΪƽ˷̶ܳȣ˿۾֮¡
۾Ӵ䣬ϰָһǽ˵ˣ뿴
۾һ䣬Ȳܵǽɨӣ󿴵ϰָķһȻǽ֣ͺһ˹ȥ
ǰ۾˷ܺͼૣģԲֻ֣֣֮衣
ϰһֱע۾ӵķӦȻҲ۾ӵĸʱϰǴ󾪣ڽ⿪ͷɻ
ˣһжˣеɻ󶼽⿪ˡΪʲôЩ绰Ϊʲôǰ۾ôһȲһģ
ԭǸ˾Ȼ
뵽ˣ˭˵ӰΪʲôû뵽Ǹأϰ
һ룬оЩԾˡΪʲôû뵽Ǹ˻
ΪʫΪһ㣬ʫʫôһ㣿ûԭ
ڵʫǳ֮֡
ѵʫϿȥ򵥣
ϰһݣһǽϵʫȥϸζ
ϸһζо׵Ĳֻǣζ㱻۾ӵĻ˼
ϰ壬סˣǮһϣ
ϰЩŹֵĿ۾һۣ˵ǳǸѾԤˡ
ѾԤˣô죿۾΢΢һ㶣˵ϰɣҲС
ϰҡͷ˵ǱǸҲԤˡ
ҲԤˣǺأ
ҲԤˡ
ҲԤˣǰɣǴأ
ҲԤˡ
ǰϰ壬ʲôʱܹס䷿䣿
Ҫ֮ȥˡ
ʲô֮ϰ壬ǰЩʱȫԤˣʲôʱԤģô˱ɣ
ϣͨ绰Ԥġ
绰Ҳôû뵽Ե绰Ԥ



ڶǧٰʮ ʲô飿
۾һգôû뵽ͨ绰Ԥأ
ţԣЩһô֪ϰĵ绰ģ۾һʱû⡣
ⲻҪҪҪԤ䷿䣬õȵ֮ȥˡ
ˣ֮֮ɣµʱʵҲ̫
Ԥ÷֮ã۾ȤŨʵϰ壬ǰǰס޵ʱǸʲôӵܲܺ˵˵˵
˵飬ϰָп۾˵˵ȴͻȻһ֮ңԽԽ
ԣһȺ¥¾ۼ
ϸһܹһЩ
õ꣬Ӧþˣдֻõ꿴СҲصӣ˰ɣ
дָ߼ľƵַ꣬ǳصС꣬ʵûʲô𡣹ؼѡõ꣬ûʲôĹ£
֪ϰ֪ˡϰأôоûˡ
ϰɣһϰ壬ϰ壬ϰ𣿡

¥ϣϰæӦڣڣˣˣ
֮ϰ۾˵⡱֮󣬱㼱Ҵҵ¥
¥һһ֮ǰ¥ʱ滹һûУȴѾۼ˶ʮˡ
ңϰ廹ڲԶŴһȺӿĿĵʮа˾Ż
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ϰ壬ġλ϶ɣǿȥǼ䷿俴𣿡
԰ϰ壬ǲԻжϣȥһ

ϰĻ֮һη׷׳ĿģҪȥ￴һ
ϰ忴ǰһȺˣǸ޷ͬʱôˣҪν뷿С
һп֮ϰ˵λλλȥ￴䲻󣬴ֻзν뵽
ȷʵֳеҲֻǴȫһ롣
һʱ֮䣬Щġ
ϰ״òٴ˵λźöӣһʮˣʱΪӡǵڶ룬ҲȲ˶áȻȵһȺ˵֮󣬴ҿܻȵøá
ŤͷһȻһȺ߹ȵǵ˻ȷģȷпܻܽ뷿䡣
ԭ򣬴ź˶ӡ
ԶһȺˣ˶ӣƺʶʲôȫӿ˽ŲЩʼСˡ
ȻҪŶӣǾ߿㣬ŵԽǰԽá
ںˣЩСŹˣƽˡȻ˺棬ҪЩǰ档
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֮ǰ۾ӻڣ淢һһУȻûԤǰķ䣬ڽ˵ǰ档
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Ҳûб¶Ľı飬۾ӾúЩź
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һο漣ˡ

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ʲôʱ·õ궼һΪĳ档
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ǳʲôˣֻʲô
·޲棬Ҳͣ﷢ʲô£Ȼǲĵġ



ڶǧٰʮ ˶Ϊһ
ͣ·ԽԽ࣬˶ɻͺ档
һλ̲סߵǰһŶӵ˵СӣŶΪʲôõʲô𣿡
ʵСΪ˷ܵ˵ûУûУûгʲô顣һ䷿ǽϣдһʫŶΪȥһʫ
ֻΪȥһʫʻеǳ⣬һʫʲôÿģΪʲôôŶӣ
øӵɻʵСӣǴģ
СӴҲԶԴǱ߹ġ
ԴأԶ400๫ɡôԶϹֻΪ˿һʫ
Сӵȷ400๫ͳˡʫɲһʫʫԭ漣Ŀǰȫֻܹһ̩ɽۣ֮һˡ˰ϵסѡҲˡϸ˵ǲ漣ǽġȥġԣԶ·Ƕֵõġ
Сӣ˵ʥԵũׯׯμǡ񡷵
СЦǡԭҲ֪
Ȼ˭֪ֺ˭ǿ϶֪ġһǲΪһʫʲôÿģдģҲֻһʫѡ
СٴЦ壬˵һʫȷûʲôÿġЩϲʫʵ˵ʫԭ漣żΪ޴˵ʥġ
֮СǰļˣҲ׷˵ȷԭ漣̫ˣǵ󡣡
Щ˾ﲢԶһڻдģԶһЩڸ·ϡ⻹кܶΪԭʱˡҪģԭ漣Ϣڻûг״ȴϢ״֮Ҷÿ쵽׻жĽ
ǳǳˡ⣬ֺɽˮģ羰ܲҿֺ㲻ûΪ⸱ԭ漣չΪһ򡣡
ﱾǽͨҪ羰Ҳȷп˶Ϊһ򡣡

˵ԽԽ⼸˵˼ŶӵЩˣֻ絽ĵһˣԺ󻹻иöˣΪʫֺ򻹻˷չΪһ
δҲ̫˰ɣ
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˵СӣƣԺȷܻи˵ֺ˷չΪһʵɣ˼궼ûгɹôΪһʫɹ
С˵壬ֻ˵пܣ᲻ɹȷһ壬˵׼ȷΪһʫΪԭ漣ȫ̩ɽ֮۵ס֮⣬һˡǼΪġԺױٽʫڱдһ飬Զû˰ɣ
Сһ˵һˡ
ƺͻȻ뵽ʲô˵ô˵ҳõʫǼ䷿䣬ҲüΪˣӴ֮ԭûʲôĳõ꣬һ
СӸп˵öԣӴ֮󣬳õȷͻһˣÿ춼кܶĽ
⡭⡭⡭硰⡱˰죬ҲûС⡱ʲô˭öϵı飬˼顢пĽмʡ
ˣֻһˣ˽ʼĩˣ
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СӣԼǰ֮ĶԻݣΧ۵Ⱥﴫ
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һʫӰʫҲֻһʫѡ
治̫ЩʫʰǵĿȡ
ȵԭ漣˵֮󣬴ҶٵһЩ
ٵȵֺ˳Ϊһ˵ʱ򣬴һθе˼飬ԭ漣Ӱô
ܴȫе˼飬Ҳţȫϣ¶ܹʵ
˶ףֺıΪһ֮󣬴ʲô
ʵϣڹȥļʱҾͶҪֺΪһ£൱ֺ֧ڴ
ֻǣ˼꣬˸ְ취Ҳûгɹʧ֮࣬Ҳͽʲôϣˡ
ѵڽֻǿһʫͿԳɹˣ



ڶǧٰʮ 
ô붼òףֳΧ۵ֺǲš
ص˵ܿﴫ
˵ǼҳõһǽϣһױдʫкöŶӵſء
ļٵģһʫʲôÿģŶȥ
Ͳ˰ɡǲͨʫʫ״γ֡һױдǽɽģԭ漣˵Ƿǳȫֻܹ
ҲֻһʫǣôŶȥǲ̫ˣ
ǲǿţԼȥһ۲Ҹ㣬иŵ˵أ˵ӺпܻΪһʫչΪһĿš
⳶İɣһʫӰ
ʵɣȷܡϸһ룬ƺҲȫûпܡȰɣشͨҪɽˮģɫˡ˳ΪһĻͿܡҲΪһԭߣӰֻ±еҪöࡣ߽﷢չΪһҲȫûпܡȲҪŷȥ￴֮ǰʵҲȫţȥ￴֮ҾЩˡ
кܶŶӣ
Ȼģң˻ԽԽࡣöϵ˶￴ء
𣿹ֲܸоϵЩءҲȥ
ߣҲȥƽʱΪƽڳôֵ飬ܴ

ϢﴫԽԽıؾžۼƽʱΪŵ˵Ŵ飬νһΪ䶯Ĵ¡
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ŴΪʫؿԽԽ࣬ǰֵıؾҲͬԽԽ࣬ŴѾӵ²
Ĺ·ԣǴҰͿյأٶҲ⡣
ȻֻѾﵽıˡ
Щոŵıؾ·ϱصϢЩɣ֮ˡ
ʱǣȻ⣬һʫΪʲôӰǰʵǲòš
⣬ڻˣֺ˶չΪһ飬ȫûпܡ
˺䶯ԵϢȻѾֺԱ
ϢԱǾȣǻɣǼ
ֺˣһڳõһ䷿ǽһʫϢ׼ȷȷµ𣿡
Ҹոȥ֤ˡȷһʫּʫԼϰʫ֮˵Ͽʫ֮˵ȷӦɡֻƲжϣܰٷ֮һٵȷԳϣȻ缴ٿ϶ҲֻƲ⡣
ȻˣʵѾʵ֮⣬ûܹд֣ʫûӰֳĳ۲죬ֹ㣬ΪʫֺˣѾǧˡȻֻǿʼԺÿ춼вĽ
úúã˵һǧѷĻԵĺõĻǶԸ˵ܹʵ֡
ڵĺܴһǵҪúõĸлõϰĸһõϰ˵֮ԻѡСסޣܵ׵롣
ԭϵˣܱߴˣҲ׵ʱʱӦò֪ݰɡ
ǿ϶ġ֪ݣﻹѾˣϪˣǸ񣬾ºӴ㡣һһĻƻʱ֡ʱմϰǡ·˱ˡһ̸֮׵֪ҹֺҹƼԼӿĳõסޡ˼ҵıֻΪԼĶȡһλ޿͡ȴõŬȡ޿ͣ
Ǵ˵еģڤڤ֮ɡ˼˵ģõϰ˵ģ˵ģֺľҲͬ˵ġȲ˵ֻǽֺЩˣ˲ٵĶϺö෹ⶼҪҪõö࣬ĸҲͬˡЩϰǣֿ˻
֮һǧѷĻᣬҪס
û⣬һסġ

ֵֺԱǳܣŬʼûгɹ飬ڿ˳ɹϣ



ڶǧٰʮ ʫе
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ҵȻˣȥֺһߣ
׵Ҳãʱûʲô飬ҲȷӦóȥһˡһѾˣӦѾзǳˣѾȥֳˡ
ԪЦƺȷѾжʱûȥʫˡЩѾȥֳˣֵ÷зģǵڿ֪ܶء
ҵЩȥֳ˶һ¿϶ǾϵױдҿʫӦܹٷ֮ȷϵܵƷˡȻǻҪȥֳȥһ˾﷢
ЦȻˣǼ̳ɡ

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ͷ˵żУ㽫дôʫѾϴ𣿡
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صֹǴˣֱѾ䶯硣㿴㿴ֱһдʵվڵ͡кܶǳʵվҲ뾡취ȶȡʱĳõ棬ųءõҲ׵ϻˡ
ЦѣشСֵġ
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˺֮ģȻҪĴһ֮£ĴһЩݡ
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ȷˣ˼ǺûԵ
ĻԵĽּʡ

ֳȫ۳õϰĸףҲλߣȻҲѾ֪ˣԼȥס޵ǸСӣȻǴ˵
һȵĸеʵţô˲һȻ˵׺ͣ
ʼղţǸںӱϺֺһ·˵ЦСӣǴ˵е
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ǹöˣߵںԶԶĵطţߣһ·̸Ц
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Եú˷ܣ˵֣Ҳţ϶ģѾǧʫˣһ϶Ǿױд˵Ҳܹĺʫûܹд֡ң˼һȶڱ𴦵ּǾԲġԣ֣
˵˺֮ܶʵǲ֪Լ飬ֻ޵ĸп˵ĵλȴȻ˵ġͨ

ڶ졣
ҡסԪ˵ֳǽϵʫ
ҵϰסôܹȷ𣿡
ЦȻֳûдó
Ԫϧûʫܸоһʲô
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׵ȻˣǾʹ绰ʰɡҲԸǸСӴ绰ˡɡ
˵ֻ꣬ͨĵ绰
绰ﴫʫȻеġͽҹ˼ɡ



ڶǧٰʮ ûʲôϵ
õ귿
׸շµ绰ԪȲʵôʫʲô
׵ͷ˵ҹ˼
ҹ˼𣿡Ԫ˼Ƭ̣˵һžҹ˼ֱ˲һŨŨ˼֮飬ʫǳС
ҹ˼֡ʫǳ򵥣ַǳʫġò˶೤ʱ䣬ʫü
׵ȷˡӴ֮ÿһӰ˪ҹһһƯӣֻ¶ʫǿҵĹңֻڣԺҲעӰһһӡʫؽǧš
Ԫһ̾˵Сӵһʫֲǧţڵһ˵ǣֻСӵĻôСֵġ
׵ҲǣСӵĻѡˣȻѾ֪ʫǾͰȥɣˣʮֺʫʲô
ҵȻԡ
˵֮ߵԣϰڷűīֽ⡣ǰ׷Ѱʫ㼣ﲻ֮󣬸ݲ˵õϰ׼ġ
ǰ׷Ѱʫ㼣ˣʫʰߣרҵʫˡڸܵĹУһЩ˻ͻȻбŷ˾Ѿ䣬뵱дҪīֽˡ
õϰڵ֪˿֮󣬱׼˱īֽ⣬ԱЩбŷˣʱԽļѾд
īֽһϣǴ̼ǰ׷Ѱʫ㼣ˡԱīֽ֮󣬼ûбŷˣҲڤ˼룬ǷóôһѾ䡣
Ϊֳдһ׺ʫǾܹմʫɵĹ⣬ǵʫܹѸȥпǽʫɵʫһ
κһʫʰߣרҵʫ˵żΪ޴ջ
ԣֳܹдһ׺ʫֳΪʫʰߺʫǣһȻĶǿԸ
ߵǰΪҪдʫҪʫд
ʫдֽ֮󣬺һ˱עעбҹ˼ʫġǡҡ
д꣬˵Ϳˡ߰ɣϵܸոڵ绰˵Ҳֺȥ
Ŷҵѵһֱû뿪
׵Ҳп뿪֮󣬽ǡɻˡ֮ȥɡ
ҵǾ߰ɡ
뿪֮һȲĽ뵽˷˺µ֡
һʫ׽ʲô֣˴𰸡
ҹ˼ʫѸٴ硣֮һ𴫿ģȻдʫ˺Ҳȥֳֳ֣֮ˡҹ˼ʫ

ŴȺΧ
С򣬸о˵ĻҪ֣ǴӣҲ˶ˡȻֻǾŸһ顣
ڵȷֲ֣̫áԺĻȻʼջ֮ǰ࣬ҲԶԶ֡
صͷҲֺĺõĻпܷչΪһ򡣱ϾܱߵĻͦġ
пܣΪһҲͦõġⲻҪĵ顣
ص˵Ǽҳõϰ壬˻õĹģֻ䣬ȷ̫ˡ
ϲĻŻҵõϰ壬õģ顣ԱõϰĻֻõģõķʩ䷿ʩһὫʩ⣬ס޷ҲᱣֺһǣҲµ
˼ĵ˵ͷ˵˵öԣʩˣǾͻʧȥɫʣòʧԸܹȷѡ񡣡
ЦҲֻ˵˵ѣǽβҲͬûʲôϵˣ߰ɡҡסԪλʫҲѾԼĵط͹ȥɡ
صðɣ߰ɡ

һֺŵȷҵ˳õϰ壬ϣõϰܹõĹģ
ʽȱĻſԳҲʵķһʽ
õϰԴȻϲѣ¼֮ʵҲԼõĹģκûκεʽ
ԸæǾʵ̫ˡ
õϰҪ
һķʩҪڵ䷿䱣һ¡
ڶס޼۸ҲҪڵļ۸񱣳һ¡
ڳõϰҪͬϲѣǱ˾ġǱΪõϰ岻ͬ˶˼빤׼
û뵽õϰ徹ȻҲܿǵ㣬ͻȻоǵϣִһ֡



ڶǧٰʮ ɨ֧
ֺͻȻоǵϣִһ֡
ŵЭ֮£õ꿪ʼͬʱŵƲ֮£õѾֻһõ꣬Ϊһξ㡣
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˹ȥˣǷ֣Щطȷʵֵһ
Ϊˡҹ˼˵ʫɵԭ漣֮󣬻˳ȥֺһЩֵһĵط
һֺг̺ʻӵĳʵȿʫɵԭ漣ܹܽˮı顣
ԣҶֺطľɫԽԽܣҲԽԽԸȥ
һЩ㽥γɣһ
ֺųȴƳһϵеĻһοӦǻΪЩѾγɣһľ㣬ֵĻ
οӦÿһ㶼ǧ֡кܴһֶʫɡҹ˼Щزйء
οͶƱڣֱһһȷЩο룬ҲοͶƱ֣ʫɺ͡ҹ˼ʫйء
磬ʫɹȡ̶˼ֵȵȡȵȡ
ЩȷֺڿѾһˡ
ΪŬʼ޹Ϊġҹ˼ȡ˳ɹ
˷ܲѣֺоͬ˷ܲѡΪȫܵ飬ĳΪ
ʱǲˣһˣһʫӰĿ޴ĿǵһͨС򣬷չΪһ
ֺչΪһ򣬡ҹ˼ѾӰ˪ҹӰƯӡ

ضҲڹעֺķչڷչΪһҲΪֺеˡ
ֺ˵ĸоǷǳģ羰Ҳ
ڣضѾ뿪˽ϣص˴ӡ
죬ˬһ߲԰߲԰칫ǰģԶȡǰȴȡ˳жʮ֮ࡣ
ôĶ飬ںǵõϺһ
磬ء
ͷһȻﱧһļվԼͷţպþ
㡰šһ˵ټģֻ·ɿ
ȵһȡС㣬ȡǮˣôĶ𣿡
ͷǵģ硣ֻũׯȡǰܳĶ顣Ͼ̫ˣһЩֲԸˢǾֻŶȡǮˡ
ũׯκεطѶǿˢģΪˢǺܰȫԭһЩ˲ԸˢǮʱԸŶȡǮ
͵ũׯȡǰ
ӣץʱƶ֧ˡĥš
һֺʱ뷨ʱҲôż
ڣ־ÿץʱˡֻΪ˷ԼũׯĿˣҲץʱ䲻ǡ
ƶָ֧˫Ϊĳֻ߷ʹƶն豸Ϊ壬ͨƶͨʵֵҵס
ƶ֧ʹõƶն˿ֻPDAƶPCȣҪõƶնˣֻ
ԣƶ֧ЩʱҲԳ֮Ϊֻ֧
ƶ֧õķУ֧ɨָ֧֧֧ȡ
׼ôӣֻƳɨֻ֧ɨһɨ֧෽㡣
ҪƳɨ֧ǽǮһƳ߱зǳܵϵ
ɨֱ֧ƳҪǶ뵽һӦóСӦóҪΪնṩʱͨѶ
ûѵġ
ԣҪƳģʵһΪնṩʱͨѶӦó
ǰһΪɹĳ΢š
ԣֻҪǰ΢ţƵˡ
ؼҪȻȥдȻڿռ̳ǵİ֮£ַӾͿԱΪһ֣дһ΢ųȻڻ£
Լд֮ѵҪԼȥӪ͹ⲻǳôеˣǲȥЩġ
ԣҪļһ΢Ŷӣ΢ųԼ΢ŽӪ͹
˵ô࣬ʵֻת˲֮顣
߲԰ǰ˵С㣬ȥһƸ棬мĳԱ˵ҴƳһó򡣡
ʵ磬ҪƳʲôó򣿡
Цܿͻ֪ˡ
ðɣھȥƸ档
ͷȥɣˡ



ڶǧٰʮ ׻ʲôӦó
ɻ󣬽ȴǲٻص칫ңͨԵũׯĹٷһƸ档
ֻ˵ƳһӦóҪƸĳԱ
ھʲôӦóԼ֪Ȼûڹ˵
ȻҲҪ˵ԵũׯҪˣҪ˵ô
ԵũׯƸ棬һ䶯ԵĴ¡
ԣԵũׯҪгԱ飬ڼ̵ʱ֮ڣʹ磬˵飬ýĸ߶ȹע
ȻȻ˼гԱ˷ܺͼЩΪԼǶԱˡ
ǵ˲䱻öˣҲ֪ԼܴﲻҪ󣬵һ᲻ǡ
ǣĳԱǲˣ׷ڵһʱ绰ʼѯʾķҪҪͨЩԣ
һЩ˸ǳ嶯Ȳ绰ҲʼǴֱǰʥ塣
Ȼ˶עֻǰһˣֻаٷ֮һĻᣬҲǾֵһ˵ġ
ĻһпֻһΣŬȥ׷һڵġ
ǳ嶯ˣǾȫ׷ԼȥˣȻڵĹ˾ͷۺˡ
Ƿ׷˾٣ҲΣҪȥʥӦƸ
˾ʮͷۺΣûֹͬ˳Աǵ١
Ϊ˾ףԵũׯһεƸڳԱ˵żΪջǲͬ٣Ҳûʲôá
Ȼˣǻ˳ˮ飬ͬ١ЩһǲӦƸϵģ֮Ҳͻˡ
˾Լ˾ĳԱܹɹӦƸϣ˼ԵũׯҪĳԱһֻмˣͰԼ˾ĳԱȥˣܰɡ
ԣ˾ȻͷۺΣҲǷĵġ
ڷֲ֮࣬ʮֺɻΪʲôͻȻҪƳһӦóˣһʲôӦó
ողдףעҪΪǧžġҹ˼ôͻȻ֮ҪƳӦóˣҲ̫˰ɣؼ֮ǰûƳӦóţԡϷƺҲԳ֮ΪһӦóô˵ƳӦóѵһλϷ
ϷȷӦóһ֣һӦòϷϷĻӦûֱӵġ
⵹ҲǡҪƳһʲôӦóʵ˺档
ʲôӦó򣬼ȻƳģôȻͬСɡſɡ
ֻܵſˣ˼άɲЩܹõġǹ˾ĳԱȥʥӦƸˡ˵ҵӦϣɹӦƸϣǲϣɹӦƸϣ
ȷìܡӹ˾ȻǲϣʧȥĳԱģǹ˾ĳԱ汻ˣ˵ҲһֽʱĳԱңеĻᣬֻһΡ
ǰìܡ
ɣ˳ȻͺãҪУôס
˵ǣ˳Ȼͺá


˾ɻͺ棬ҪƳһʲôӦóҲ۷׷ס
ҪƳӦóˣֲ⣬ֻǲ֪ʲôӵӦó򣿡
ʲôӵӦó򣬶˷ǳڴ
ȥֺԭ漣ҪƳӦóˣָо൱Ĳ
˵ڼеĳԱȫ˼˼ҲΨԵũׯƸӰ
ȥԵũׯϰ࣬ʲô˼ҹ顣еĳԱȫ궯ʵ̫ˡֻǿϧ˶עֻ궯궯ѡ
˼궯Щˣ궯ĻᶼûС
˵Ҳǡ


֮⣬ýԴҲǼΪע׷׽б
˱صϢ֮󣬺ܶý廹ҪƳӦó򣬽˴ķƲ⡣
ýɷµƲ˵ƳһӦóĿҲýԴĳƣѾͨ;ȷҪƳӦóʲôӦó
֪Щý嶼һĺ˵˵ûһҿ׵ġƫƫϲȥЩ
֪ýں˵˵ƫƫֿýζֻйصţֿܹƺܲ
ýϲģʱ󣬺˵˵һͨűţﻹбˬ飿
һЩý֡Ǻ˵˵һͨһֳ˵֮ǰ˵ԣûʵ֤ݡ
ƪţˡ
ԣһʲô紵ݶ˷ܵǸý壬ţֿԵˡ



ڶǧپʮ ıҸǮķʽ
۲ͣעȼߣԵũׯ칫Ȼͷǳˡ
Ƹ淢֮Ƹ߱ʼͣҲһһⲻͣյʼ
Сʱ֮󣬵һǰӦƸĳԱϵʥ塣֮һһĳԱϸϵЩﲻ˼
ûԳԣһЩҪĳҪǰӦƸĳԱǱдÿһλԱĻᶼһġ
ʮʱɸѡȷ˰ΪĳԱ
ձѡеĳԱϲѡĳԱȻźˣҲû̫ѹѾŬ׷ˣѾڡ
ڽ֣ġ
ô飬ֻҪԼŬȻźҲܹ̹Ȼܡ
Աȷ֮ҪƳһӦó򣿸Ǻڴ
ýͬˣΪһץסһüĿˡ
ԱӦƸʱдĳĿѾϴЩĿƺȷԿ̽һҪƳһӦó
׷ţۡ²ⲻͣҲû飬ԸԱ˸ᣬȷĿݡ
Ա΢ĿԱˡָһΪˣ΢ĿȫȨ
ԱȫĿ֮ɸ˸ֹţʽʼд
á΢šͦõģԣֱ֣á΢šˡ
˸ȫǳ˷ܣɾʮ㣬ǣټϰ˸˱ĳԱ
ԣһ΢šӦó򣬽ֻ˲һڵʱ䣬Ѿɡ
ڰ˵ĹЧʣ⡣
Լ
Ƴ΢ҪĿģƳǮ΢֧
ԣǰ΢ŲȫͬҡһҡƯƿ鿴ЩûУЩܣǲ඼С
ڽΪģֻһЩСĵطҪһ޸ĺơ
Ҫ޸ĺƵĵطһһָȰЩط޸֮󣬱ܹʽƳˡ
㽫΢Źܷо֮󣬶˵磬ôо΢źQDЩƣΪʲôҪƳһӦó򣿡
ЦڼʱͨѶһϣȷQDЩơⲢƳ΢ŵĿġ
룬ܿ˼˵磬˼˵Ƴ΢ţҪĿģڼʱͨѶһϣ
ͷʱͨѶѾQDˣûҪŪһʱͨѶӦó򡣡
ɻǷҪĿǣ
һûټӣָ΢ϵġ֧ܣѾɨһɨ˵ҪĿľǡ
֧ɨһɨȻע⵽ˣ΢С֧ɨһɨôܡ
֧ܵȥ֮ʾǡո͡Ǯѡɨһɨ㿪֮ʾһ򣬻һƶɨʲôһ
ܣ㲢̫ʲô˼֧ʵǺܺ⣬ؼʳ΢ϣòʲô˼ˡ
УɨһɨҪɨʲô
磬֧Ҫ֧ʲô
ЦǮ֧Ǯ˼
֧Ǯ΢֧
ԣ΢֧Ժ󰡣ҳŲôֽҲôпҪ˵ʱֱóֻͨ΢žͿ֧ˡ
⡭һ㶣ףƳ΢šӦóĿˡ
ֻǣĻ𣿴Ļ΢֧𣿻ᵣ֧Ƿȫ
ȫ϶Ǿ԰ȫġҪҽ΢֧ȷҪһ̡Ϊ̲̫Ϊķǳķ㡣Ȱȫַ㣬û˻ܾ֧ʽ
ͷȻ˵ˣǿ϶ûˡз磬⡮ɨһɨܣɨʲôģ
ҪǶά롣ɨάҪĿģ֧Ǹո˵΢֧ҪͨɨһɨɨԷ̼ҵĶά룬֧ԣֿԱ֮Ϊɨ֧
㻺˵ͷ˵ô࣬о΢һΣҲǿ΢֧Ĳʽ
һ˵磬Ҫ׵ĸıҸǮķʽѽ
ͷȷ˵ҪΪ˴ҷΪɣ
ЦȻˡԺҶֽˣҲû˶Ǯ߱͵ǮķգС͵Ҳʧҵ١磬⹱״ˡУǰûֽĻȻˢˢ豸̼ңϾңпͬ鷳磬Ķ΢֧ĻĲôֽˡ
Цģҿ϶ܵġңܵٶȻܿ졣
ƳӦó򣬴ҽȷǳ졣



ڶǧپʮһ ˼
֮΢ӦóҪԺ޸ĵСطѾȫ޸ɡ
һԼ飬һûκˣʽͨ
ԱѣȫﵽҪд߲дܶĳдĳ򣬶Ҫ΢ŸӵӴ͸ӡ
΢ôһӴ͸ӵĳȴгɾ͸У˷ܺͼ
ڳѾɣҲĵ飬ȻӦʽߣƹ΢Ӧóˡ
Ҫıҵ֧ʽôҶܹܲϲ΢֧һǰǾǴҶҪ΢
ĸ˾Ƴ΢ʵǿĶ˾ܶҪһβ̵ʱ䣬΢ŵûȺࡣ
ҽҲضһԻĹ̡
ҪƳ΢ͱ÷ǳˡ
½΢һ˼˼˵ܴҹעģҪƳһӦóѾֽ΢šһֻAPP
΢Ѿʽߣгأӭáҿ԰ΪһʱͨѶʱͨѶһ飬Ƴ΢ŵҪĿġ
ҪĿʲôû˵Լȥоͷ֣һʱ֮پ
һЧɻֱӵá
֮Ը˲ȻΪ޴Ӱ˵ʱͨŲҪĿġ
ôһĿģǳĺ͸ȤһȥϸоͲ²⡣
๫˾ĻȻǲġʱͨѶҪĿģʲôҪĿģ˵˵󣬹ĿʲôأûȤ֪ܻܿ΢ûʲôȤˡ
ͻ
ҪƳһʲôӦóʱƣȶȲûнͣԽԽȡ
ΪʱԽǾ֤ʽƳӦóʱԽˡ
͸ýʼո߶ȹע
ڣ΢һȻڼ̵ʱ֮ڣ˼Ϊ޴𶯡
ڵȵˣ
˺ý壬ȫǳ˷ܣԭһ΢šAPP
ֻǣ΢˵԰䵱һʱͨѶô΢һ⡣
˵ʱͨѶȻȻľ뵽ˣڼʱͨѶеľϴQD
QDû15ڣǼʱͨѶоԵϴ󣬶гѾγ¢ϡ
кܶҵƳʱͨѶҪһгĸһȫʧˡҵƳļʱͨѶûл꣬ΨôҹӲдڡ
ʱͨѶȻûȫгռʣҲֱܹӺԲƣʵ̫ˣ޷QDгռᲢۡ
ڣƳ΢ԱһʱͨѶô֮࣬־÷ǳ˼
Ǻˡ
QDʱѾ˰ɣܶ˵ʱ롣
Щҵ޷QD¢ϵλˣǷַӾҪҡҡλεġ
ǿţӰ
֮ǰýǵĸַӦҲ˵ֻҪ΢֮󣬴֮ķӦ㹻ˡ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪƳһʱͨѶȻƳģǾһĳر⡣ô࣬ȥ˵
ƳʱͨѶ϶ر֮ģٻ
ûʲôر֮ҲҪȥء˭Ƴء
ǣûʲôر֮أ˵ƳҾҪá
ҶѾˣоء

ܶȻƳһʱͨѶϵĶȴǲڵһʱȥг΢š֮󣬿ʼء
г棬΢ŵһʼֳ״̬֡ˢˢˢĲͣ仯š
һСʱ֮󣬸ݴԵͳƣ΢ŵشгۼѾڴΡ
һСʱ㳬ڴΣ˸пȴֲ⡣
Ƴ˵ֻǻѡ
ҵֻпQD˵ܶ˵ֱˡ
һСʱش㳬ڴΣ˵ֻһСʱʱ䣬΢ŵûͳڣ
ǴҲûôͰ
Ȼ˵Щ΢ŵûʹ΢֮󣬾ͲʹQDˣӦö΢šQDͬʱʹá
ˣQD˵ӰҲǷǳ޴ġ
QDŵĸ߲ʹΣƳӦóôƫƫǼʱͨѶأ
ѵҲ˼ʱͨѶһгQDż¢ˣ
Ӧòܰ
Ȼ˵ʱͨѶгȷǳQDҲ˳Ϊ˻ǰĴҵǼʱͨѶгٴĲƸֻҲǾţһëôܿϣ
QDŵĸ߲ǰ˼⡣
Ψһԭ򣬻ֻԼ˵ģƳ΢ŵҪĿģΪ˼ʱͨѶһ顣
Ϊһ飬ܹΪʲô
QDŵĸ߲ǣǰ˼⡣



ڶǧپʮ ڷ²
QDŵĸ߲ǣ˼⣬ȻҲͬס
һʱͨѶҪĿĲΪ˼ʱͨѶǻΪʲô
ûܹףȫǳĺ档
ЩѾ΢ųˣۡоһ⡣
Ҹոϸоˣо΢ӦҪQDӺһЩΪʲô˵ʱͨѶһ鲢ҪĿأ
֪Ȼ˵ˣǾͱ΢һУбȼʱͨѶҪĹܡֻʱûзְˡ
ǿ϶˵УǾһСһδ֪ĹܣƳ΢ŵĿġ
ⲻϻȻΪƳ΢ţΪҪQDгQDгȷǳ󣬵˵ţһëˡ
ôһδ֪Ĺܵʲô
ⲻۺоδ֪Ĺʲôһ㶼ܹȷǾǸһǵϢϢء
΢ϸоͻ֣ᷢĴ󲿷ֵطһͶûʲôӡ˿׵ĵطΨ⡮ɨһɨܣЩ̫ס⵽ҪɨʲôҸոնźܶණԹˣһ㷴ӦûС֪Ǹδ֪Ĺܣ᲻⡮ɨһɨʲôϵ
ɨһɨȷЩԡ⣬⡮֧͡ǮܣȻϵ˼Ҷ嵽΢һֱʲô˼Щˡ
Ǯ˼ǷǮİѵǿ԰Ǯŵ΢ⲻпһ𣿹ؼǰǮ΢ʲôãܲ΢ŻеĹܣǴҴǮưɣ
ѵǸδ֪ĹܣһеĹܣǰҴǮõģ
ҲǲܵȷӦ͡ǮеʲôϵСǮС֧ѵǮǮ֧
˵úô¶ʲô˼ǮҪôˣ޷⡣
޷Ͷˣô׾ˣҲͲˡ
Ƴ΢ŵĿĵʲô֪Щýһͷͷǵģȥôһ¶ϸĻָоȫôס
ۣҸоѾһüĿˡ

ܶۺͲ²⣬ýҲʮֵĿܣһΪزġ
ֻҪƳ΢ŵĿеţĶķͲ²ܹһЩȥôһ¶
ôűѸٳΪȵš
ڸý˵ҪһȵţֱΪˡ
ÿ¶ʱ֣ڸý˵ֵּǧ
ţԣӦ˵޼֮

˺͸ýķͲ²⣬΢ŵһ·ܶ౾һȥصˣϵ֮ҲҲ̲סȥˡ
ǵҪƳ΢ŵĿģôԲ²
΢ֱͻ3ڴΡ4ڴΡֱͻ10ڴ֮ٶȲ
ʱ򣬾΢ʽߣֻȥ˼Сʱʱ䡣
ڶ죬΢ʽ߶ʮСʱʱ΢Ѿͻ12ڴΡ΢ŵûҪشԵһ£Ҳٽӽ12ڡ
ûѾQDûˡ
ȻͳϿQDû15ڣкܶ˶ͬʱӵQDʺš
ԣQDûӦòᳬ13ڡ
һʱ䣬΢ŵûͽӽQDһ漣ֲһ漣
Ϊ΢Ƴģ漣ҲͲ漣ˡ
֮ûоƳ΢ŵĿĵʲô
ֻǣҷȥҲòȫ϶Ĵ𰸡ֻǴܹȷӦú֧͡ǮɨһɨЩĹйء
ôһ¶˵ˡ
һֱϹ۲ҵķͲ²⣬кܶ˵Ĳ²ʵΪ׵ġ
磬˵⡰֧͡ǮܣǮģͨ΢ŸǮ
˵Ѿ˵ȷˣֻǶ˵ֻһ֡Ϲ¡˵֮ԼְԼˣΪӦòôס
²ͷôãѾڴһּΪǿҵĺڴ
ڷǳ֪𰸣ǷǳҪԼûв²ԣԼĲ²⣬᲻Щߣ
ҪĽ
ڣѾ˿繫𰸵ʱˡ
ǣһθԼ΢
һθµ΢УȱʾǳлҶ΢ŵ֧֣ҲǳлҶƳ΢ĿĵĲ²ۡ
һֱڹ۲ҵĲ²ۣкܶʵѾ¶ˡ
˵Ƴ΢ŵĿġ
ңʽҪһֽ֣



ڶǧپʮ ڵ
Ǹˣý壬ȫڹע΢֪϶Թ𰸵ġ
ʵȻҲˣ΢Ϲ˴𰸡
һǼȸе⣬ֲе⡣
еΪȻͨǮܸеΪ֮ǰȷкܶ˶¶ˡ
ֻǣЩ¶ԵԼȷˡ
ڣЩ¶˵ˣڿԺúõװһװˣǾȻ¶Ĵ𰸣ֱ൱ţơ
Щ¶Ե˵װƣýȻǸ顣
ԭƳ΢ŵĿģΪͨ΢֧Ҳ΢֧ˡֻǣ΢֧Ӧôһǲ̫ס
Ӧôû˵ҹ΢ŹٷܿͻоĲ̳¯
ţӦˣٵȵȡ˼ԺǮʱ򣬼ȲֽҲˢпֱͨ΢֧ǻǳķ㣿
ǿ϶Ǹʱ򣬳ŵʱûдֽпĻҲļˡ
ؼǲĲʽ鷳ԸܹһЩȻоҲ̫㡣
ţϣܹһЩſĲ̰ɣʱ֪ˡ

һۣһߵ΢ŹٷĲ̳¯
ǲûеȵ̫ã֮΢Źٷÿһʺȫһ΢̵֧Ϣ
Ϣ൱һ΢֧ʹ˵顣
ȫǾһˣ
Ѿ뵽ͨ΢֧ܻǳǣ΢֧Ĳ̣Ѿ൱Ȳ
Ҫʹ΢֧Ҫʵ֤ʵ֤ķʽ֣һ֤֤һп󶨸֤
Ҫͨʵ֤𣿡е˶˵ͷǶԴܹ⡣
ңǶ΢֧øӵķġ
ȻȫԵܹĵĻǺõġ
ҲΪȫԵԣȫûκεԥ㿪ʼʵ֤
ʵ֤֮пôֱӽ֧ˡ֧ǮֱӴп۳
ûапҲûйϵúͨת˵ķʽתһǮ㣬յǮŽ΢Ǯ
΢ǮǮѡ
п΢ǮǮˣԽ֧ˡ
Ҫ֧Ҳǳ򵥣úܶ˶ЩԾԾԡ
ͨε֧ոάոܹһԼ΢ʺŵģһ޶ոά롣ͨɨոά룬ܹ֧Ǯˡ
ɵոά룬ֱֻͨɨ裬ҲԽά뱣ٴӡ͸ӷˡ
Ȼ֧ķʽ༸֣ٷϢжзǳϸ˵
һַʽǳ򵥣Ҳǳ⡣
˶ˣֻʵˡҪʵҲǳףֻҪ˾Ϳˡ
оǳķ㰡һ¡Ұпոάɨ㡣
ãоȷǳ㡣ҿ֧ոάո˾ҲֻĻôͻȻôˣոҲǣӦһ棬ֻĻԶţɨҰɡ
ãɨ㡣ԭ⡮ɨһɨɨάġ˵֮ǰôɨôණûӦء
šΡһ죬ɨɹ
Ѿɨɹô죡ҿӦõȷǳɹˡҪԼšһɡȻǡ֧롭ҸոǶأˣ֧ɹˡ쿴յûУ
յˣյˣյˣϢʾˡҲôյˣô˰
յˣ쿴Ǯûе΢Ǯ棿ٷ˵յǮԶŽǮп֡ûапĻҲ΢ѡ
΢ǮҿУУһǮ⸶ǮҲ̫̫˰ɡ̼ңҰҵոάӡһطôҵ˶ֻ֮Ҫóֻ΢ţɨһɨҵոάͿˣٶô죬ֱȡֽٶȻ죬ˢǾ͸Ҫöˡңһ˲øֽҲֽ𣬻ûյٱҵķաҲֱ̼Ҹ
ֻ̼ҸҲǹ˿͸̼ҵյٱң˿ʵҲ̼ǮʱҼٱҡôһξˣ̼һ٣̼ʮ塣ʱ̼ңҲûϸ˭֪ؼϸһôʮǼٵģʱáôʱ䣬ٻȥǸ̼ң˼ҿ϶ˡֻϵùʱ΢֧ĻҾͲʧʮǮˡ
˵ò̼ǺõģһЩ̼ҲʵԺǶ΢֧ˣǻôǡ
̼вʵ̼ң˿ҲвʵĹ˿͡Ƕڹ˿ͣǶ̼˵Ժʹ΢֧ĻȷյٱҵķաƳ΢֧ôһܣһֿ΢Щŵ˵Ǿǹڵѽ
ţ˵ЩţҾûô˵
Ҳ˵ûë




ڶǧپʮ ϰ壬ɨ֧
΢֧Ĳ̳¯֮ǰܶ˶ЩΪӺ鷳
Ļ΢֧Ҳû̫塣
΢֧̳¯һ֮󣬴ȫϲķ̷֣ǳļ򵥣κ˶ܹѧûᣬЩһ͵ˡ
򵥣˵ٶҲǳ죬˵뵽ˡ
һĻ΢֧ôܹ׵뵽ˡ
ԺŵĻҪǮҲֻҪǮɣٴֽпˡ
˶ҪǮʱֱ΢ɨһɨͿˡ
ȻһǰᣬǾ̼ңҲͬʹ΢֧ܹṩ΢֧ոά롣
ô̼ǻʹ΢֧
Щ̼ҲûԥģڵһʱͽԼոάӡ˳ṩ˿ʹ΢֧
ҲЩ̼ҳڰȫĿǣԵ÷ǳĽܾͨ΢֧տôĿףȡֽ˷ġ
⵱ȻҲġ
һ̼Ҿʮ꣬һСУڿڰã⻹ǲһ´ӯСûκε⡣
ֵ׳꣬ƽʱȻҲҪֻģ΢֧Ҳڵһʱ˽⣬Ҳ׵ľ΢֧Ĳ̣ûап
Ҳ֪һЩ̼Ѿʹ΢֧ˣԼոάӡ˿͸ǮʱֻҪŶάɨһɨˣȷǳķ㡣
ҲԼǲҲҪոάӡһ֮Ƿˡ
ܾ̫ףȡֽܹġ
΢֧ƳģҲȻ̫ġ
ֻǣĺܶòһοǣҪʼʹ΢֧ˡ
һ˿ǰˣһ£ܹ߿ëǮ
74˿üͷ΢΢壬ǾùˣΪëǮ
ëǮǮ֮ϰҪëǮҸݾ飬ϰпܻһëǮĸGʵǲԸһëǮĸGϡ
ϰ壬ɨ΢𣿡˿ʵ΢֧Ļһоͷˡ
ҡͷǸﲻͨ΢֧
˿һҲֻεóʮԪǮ㡣
ӹǮӦҹ˿Ǯð죬ʣµëǮһûëˣֱһëĸG
һëĸG˺ܶ࣬Ϊľ㣬ʱᷢ
˿һȻGЩ˵˵ϰ壬ëֽ𣿸ëͿˡ
ЩǸ˵ǳǸûëֽˡ
˿ֻܷǳεĽӹһëĸGҲܲҪGת۾͵ˣҲҪҪ
ƾʲôҪҪҲϰëǮϰëǮ
ϰ壬Ҫ΢տڴҶ΢֧ˣ෽㡣ߵʱ򣬹˿˵
õġ˵Ȼ΢տҪ˵ġ
ܹǳԵĸоոյĹ˿ﲻˣܲԸҪG
ȻǰĹ˿õһëǮĸGʱҲһ㲻ˣԶûôԡ
΢տܸоЩס뵽
ʱһ˿˽ֱʵϰ壬ͨ΢֧𣿡
΢֧ģΪεҡͷ˼ԡ
Ŷõġȥ򣬽ûǮ˵֮󣬹˿Ťͷ˳ȥ
⡭תȥĹ˿ͣǳΣûа취˼Ҷ˵ûǮܲ˸˼Ҳǡ
Ѿڶˣ΢֧֮ǰû
Щ֣ѵΪ΢֧ҳŶǮˣ
ţҲԣͻȻ뵽ǰҳŵʱӦҲǴǮʱ
ǰ֮ûзոΪǰû΢֧ЩҪȴûǮˣ߽һ䣬ɲͨ΢ֱ֧ӾͲ
ȻͲᷢոˡ
ͨһ֮뵽Լͨ΢֧ĻǸոͲˡ
һʱ⣬⡭
ոջʲôȴͻȻãʵ̫ϧˡ
Ȼˣûоʹ΢֧
ǣ
ʹ΢֧ˣҲˣûǮһΪ΢֧ء˼Ҷ΢֧ˣΪʲô԰
ϰ壬΢֧𣿲ԣ˵ϰ壬Ӧʹ΢տˣ෽㰡Ƴѵ㻹ģ
ϰ壬΢Ŷάأ΢֧
ϰ壬΢֧𡭡
ϰ塭

΢֧ĸʼճߡ
ڳ׵ʶٲʹ΢֧Ļ⣬Ҫˡ
ңй˿˵öԣƳʲôõĵģ
ڣԼ΢ոάӡ˳һǳȻλá



ڶǧپʮ ̼ǵĺô
ֻڶ̼еһ̼һкܶࡣ
ǸտʼҲΪ΢֧̫ףûѡʹ΢֧⼸ʱεķ֣΢֧ƺ̶̵ʱΪһѸѵϰߺơ
⼸ѵĹ˿ͣһģʿɲͨ΢֧һЩʹһЩҲʡ
ÿǸ߹˿ͣﲻʹ΢֧ʱ򣬹˿ͶԵЩ죬˵ﶼ΢֧ΪʲôͲܹ΢֧
󻹷ǳǣҲʹ΢֧˵΢֧ѾǳУٲʹõĻɾ͸ʱˣ˵ⶼܵӰ졣
˵΢֧ȷǳ㣬ʹ΢֧ĻԷ˿ͣҲԷԼ
˿ǵĻЩûʹ΢֧̼ǻȻһ΢֧ųʱ䣬ѾȺܵôˣ
ЩԸţϸһ룬ƺòϡ
й˿˵öԣûʹ΢֧⼸ȷܵһӰ죬һЩԳɽĹ˿ͣΪûʹ΢֧ɽʧܡ
ӰȻ󣬵Ҳ㹻ۡ
Щ̼ǵǵǣʱļ΢֧ԽԽռǲʹ΢֧Ӱ죬᲻ԽԽ
ĿǰƿֿС
һ뵽ԼܻܵԽԽӰ죬Щ̼ǱҲסˡ
ȻǶ̼Һ߶ʹ΢֧Ǿ˵΢֧Ӧǿ׵ġЩ̼˵˵Լ
뵽кܶñǴöˣʹ΢֧˼ôⶼ£ʲôµģ
˵Լþã¶Ҫʱĳͨ΢֧տȷ˿ͣҲԼ
ЩԭЩǵ̼ǣҲʼʹ΢֧ˡ
̶̵ʱ֮ڣ΢֧ѸϯȫСС̼Ҷʼʹ΢֧Ƕԣ΢֧ʹʸձ顣
ܹ֮չô죬Ƴԭ֮⣬Ϊ΢֧˸ܵ˷Ϳݡ
̼ңߣܹеĸܵ
̼Ƕԡ
ǻ˵΢֧̫ˡԴ΢֧֮Ҷ̫Ϊû㹻Ǯˡǰɣû㹻ǮʱҾ¹˿͸ԪǮأܶ˿Ͷʹ΢֧ˣҲͲõû㹻ǮˡЩʱй˿͸ֽǮҲʱ˿ͨ΢֧֮΢֧ĳ֣ҲûǮķաл
Ҷһ֮ǰΪǮգҲûǮķˡĹ˿ͶԸͨ΢ֻ֧һЩ˿ͲԸͨ΢ֻ֧ʹһЩģʹ΢֧ǱϾˣƽʱ׼Ǯ㹻Ӧˡ
⣬Ҳ󽵵յٳķաǰհԪ󳮵ʱЩĻյٳǿֿҲŹ˿ͣһЩ˿ͣҪüٳںˣʹ΢֧Ĺ˿ͶˣյԪ󳮵ĴҪԶԶǰˣտν˷ǳࡣ
˵㶼ǣ˵ǣҪǣԴ΢֧֮ҷҵƺһЩҲ֪ǲΪ΢ֵ֧ԭ򣿡
Ӧþ΢ֵ֧ԭˣҲܼ򵥣΢һ¾ˡǾǰʱһЩĹ˿ͣͻȻ֮䷢ԼûдǮߴǮûнˡأûǮǮҲǿԽġһǰһЩҲˡ
Դ΢֧֮Ҽÿ춼п˽֮Ⱦʿɲ΢֧ģΪûǮǰЩ˶ʣȻҲûˡ
˵ʵ֮ǰЩ΢֧̫ףûʹ΢֧ʱǽĿˣʿɲ΢֧˵΢֧֮ⶼܵһӰ졣ŻȻ΢֧Ѿ˵ձˡٲʹ΢֧ĻӰԽԽ¶Ŀʼʹ΢֧ʹ֮󣬲ûܵӰ죬ȷоĺôû缸ʹá
ڲʹ΢֧ɾ͸ʱˡ˵֮ǰڵɶأ˼΢֧Ƴǻİȫⲻɣ
ҵȻԵˡֻǣô˵أǰܸоҪյֽŻ᳹׵İġ
ʵҲ֮飬Ҳڣ֪Щ̼ҶȻûпʼʹ΢֧ҲҲǲֻҪֽваȫСҪǿʼʹ΢֧ܶҪһʱ䡣
̼ѾǺˣǲʹҲãǵܵӰ죬ǵЩ̼ҡ
٣ԱһҺͬƷĵ꣬ھûʹ΢֧ϣһֱʹáʹõĻҵⶼҪһЩ
֮Ƴ΢֧ΪЩ̼Ҵṩ˷㡣ΪƳ΢֧ʮشӰҲΪ޴󡣡
Ӱȷȫʮִ󣬸л




ڶǧپʮ ı֧ϰ
СС̼ǣȫо΢֧ǵô
ڹȺ˵΢֧Ҳͬǽֵ
Դ΢֧֮ҳźԼûǮʱҲǰŵһˣǼΪֻֻҪڣһжû⡣
ûǰźûǮǻŵһơҲûˡ
ڽ̵ʱҲõϰһëһǮĸGˡǰյϰҵĸGϲ֪ʲôʱ͵ˡһëĻãһĵ˻ЩϧܹΪ˿Ѿ˲ٵǮˡ
ҲһҲϲʱϰҸGϱصΪʧ˺һЩǮںˣ΢ɨһɨҲûյGķա
ûյGķգûյٳķաЩϰڱĹ˿յ˼ٳҪѼٳóȥǣϰҲǿɶԺǶͨ΢֧ˣǻôǡ
ڳȥʱڲôֽпˡǰϴŴֽпǻᵣĵС͵һ·϶ЩɹģԼЩۡأֻҪֻͿˡ΢֧νķǵ
룬Ժҳŵʱ϶ֽˡЩС͵᲻˶ʧҵ٣
ǿ϶ģҶֽˣô͵͵ʲôֻںܶ˶ϰһֱֻϣС͵͵͵ˡûõϣС͵͵ֻѶȣҲҪ͵ֽ𡣺ܶС͵Ӵ֮ʧҵҿǿ϶ˡǸЩС͵ǸĹµĻᣬȥҵǮİ취ŲͶ񡣳ںӱߣвʪЬġǸЩ͵飬˵ʲôʱͱץȥˡ
ԸС͵ܹлǸĹµĻᣬԹǵĲ·
ԹޣҲֻԹޡһڸӣҲȥ鷳
Բۣ˭ȥ鷳˵ЩֲĻׯޣֵԣҲĵһ֡ȻֻǴ˵Ҹоǿ׵ġ
ȷǿ׵ġʵҲģֻƽʱûнӴ֪ˡμǡյİߺޣҿ϶ǳϤˡޱңһղ
ЩͨûнӴǲҪĺáǰѻ˵˵ǣΪ΢֧ĳ֣˺ܶС͵һЩС͵Ҳп˶аⷽ˵΢֧ĳ֣ԣνŲСĹס
ȷ˵Ҳʮش󡣴ĳ̶ֳ˵΢֧ڸıǵ
΢֧⣬΢ļʱͨѶܣҲǳǿ󣬸оQDҪǿͷһЩԺҿܻҪʹ΢ˡȻQDҲʹá
ţҿҲҪʹ΢ˡ
˵QDӦûҪġ΢쵱ȻҲãõӦñȽ١
ݸ˵ϰذɣӼʱͨѶһϽQDҲֵεġңѾʹô꣬Ѿϰˡ
á


ʥ塣
Դ΢֧Ƴ֮ũׯȡǰҲûΪȡǮ֣ȡǮˣѾˡ
˿Ǽʹ΢֧ˡ
Ϊˣũׯǣپо࣬ǻȸԾѡ
һ߲԰֣ࡢġ
֣̾΢֧֮󣬹˿ǽ˵ٶƺҪ˲١΢֧ȷǸö
ȻǺöôôĽƳ
ҡͷСƳ΢֧һ㶼ɣɵľ΢֧ռˡ
⻰죬ΪƳ΢һҲǷ˺ܶϸģòã
𣿡֣˵˵ͷҲĻƹ΢ŵȷǳףֻǷ΢͸㶨ˡ
ҪƳ΢ôһȷӦΪķ
֪˴ֻǰǰ΢ŵ˹ѣķʲô
Ƭ̣֣˵ã΢֧ȷı֧ϰߣֽѵھͿ˵Ѿˡ򵥰
ЦҪΪ΢֧ķǳ㣬鵽΢֧ǵķ֮󣬽ȻͷǳˡȻ΢֧ƳģҲܲɷֵĹϵǱ˻߱ҵƳ΢֧ռٶȾԻֹ
ևNɪˣ֣ࡢЩΣֲòϣʵȷ



ڶǧپʮ ҲϣȽ֧ʽ
΢֧ڶ̶ʱѾΪѸǮʱҪѡ񡣳˲ʹֻˣֻСĺ֮⣬ڸǮʱ򣬵һѡѾ΢֧ˡ
Դˣʿ׷׸пýȻһμ߳׷׾΢֧Ӱ죬ԼĹ۵Ϳ
ýǷ׷׳ƣ΢֧Ѿڸıǵ֧ʽһıǵϰߡ֧ʽǰأŷǳشʷ塣
΢֧ΪȽ֧ҵǣ˽΢֧ķʵ֮һǳĽ
ԣ˵΢֧Ľÿһʹ΢֧ʱ򣬶ԲһԺԽС
Ҫ֪ʹõĸʽеĹҡйҵǣĽ
ý֮ˣͻȻ֮䣬Ȼ
ԭ΢֧˵Ƚ֮ǰûʶһ㡣
ЩýıȻЩʱ˾òôףýý壬뵽ܶƽʱҸ벻ķ档
һһ֮ǰֻڸп΢֧ķͺôԼ΢֧Ҫ壬û΢֧ڹܹʲôӰ졣
ǣý뵽ˡ
˵ýվý壬ȻЩʱ򲻿ףһ벻ý塣
㿴˼ýô˵ģ֧ʽȫȵģйҵǣǳĽġʹõʱӦøеԺ
ýһ˵ܹо΢֧һΡ
ңЩý岢ǺϹ˼˵ĵȷʵ΢֧ȷʸҵȫĽѡ
΢֧Ϣʱ򣬸ýǵķӦҲȷ֤һ㡣
ýǵĴ
µõϢƳһ΢šļʱͨѶӦóһܣ΢֧ʹڲѣҪǮʱͨ΢֧֧ҪˢпҲҪֻֽ֧Ҫ΢֧ɨһɨԷ΢ոά룬Ϳ֧ˡٶȷǳ죬뵽ʮֵķͿݡ
Ƴһȫµֽ֧ʽ΢֧ͨ΢֧˫ֻҪɨһɨά룬ܹ֧ˡ
΢֧ǰصȫ֧ʽ
΢֧߿ʼڶ̶̵ʱ֮ڣѸϯΪ˻֧Ҫʽ
΢֧΢֧ЩôΪʲôܹڶ̶ʱΪ˻Ҫ֧ʽ
ֽ֧пˢ֧ķʽѾʱ𣿻ȫµ΢֧Ϯ

ҵýǷ׷ױ
ý֮Ա֣Ҫԭ򡣵һΪΪΪǿĹ֮һŷǳǿӰ
΢еӰ¼ᱻҵý±
ڶԭΪӰˡڹϵӰѾǳ󣬶ңۺԵӰַӰ
ǹţֻҪˣǾһΪš
ԭȻ±΢֧صš
ЩҲϵģڸҶΪ˽š
ҵ۷׷ס
ֽ𣬲ˢֻҪɨһɨܹ֧ˣţ
ȷţΪƳҪʵЧûý˵ôã֮ԲɣֻΪƳġֻǷǳ棬΢ŵһʲôɨһɨܹ֧βģ
ýǵı΢֧ķǳ㣬ҲǳȫϣǹҲܹ΢֧֪ÿŵʱжൣϴŵֽˡ
΢֧ȥȷǳ㣬ǱϾûмûʹùԣΪ΢֧ôڻۡ
΢֧ƳΪӦõȷý˵Ȼʱ֮ڣͼı˻˵֧ʽ
Ϊ΢֧ȷǿԳԵġϣǹּܹ˵΢ôһ
ýǶ˵΢֧ΪȽ֧ʽȻΪȽ֧ʽǹҲӦŶԣҪʱķչ
ûǹԼȽ֧ʽڻˣǿԵİɡ
Ӧòܾϣǹܹһ㣬ҲһȽ֧ʽ
ϣܹɡ




ڶǧپʮ ѾĴ
˽΢֧ķ֮󣬸ҵǣȻȫǳĽȽ֧ʽ
Щΰ̫õĹңϴֽţõĻ˵ʲôʱͱС͵ˡ
ٲһ㣬˵ֱӶˡ
ԣǶڲôֽŵ֧ʽĽͿ
ôǵĹһ΢֧
ǿ϶ġ
ܶڵ֪΢֧֮󣬶רǰʥݷѯ΢֧ľˣԼ΢֧Ŀԡ
ԣæµڽӴǲĴԱ
ЩԱ˵ǸԹдмǳӡ
Ҷ΢֧һ£ҲܾǶԹңǶԼ˵һ¡
ֻǾҪӦòȡʲôĺʽ󵽵Ӧȵ⣬Ҫȷϡ

˽һµϸ֣زŵɣ͸ҵĴԱڴյĺЭ顣
΢̻İֿ֮˶԰汾ʹá
΢ųڸߡ
ҵ͵õϢ˷ܲѵĵȴ˶գڵȵ΢ŵʽߡ
ԣ΢ʽ֮󣬸΢ŵһּٶš
ȫʮֵ˷ܣڵȵ˵е΢ˣڿһųΪȽ֧ʽ΢֧ˡ
ѾȲ
ԣɣոֻϰװõʱȫȲģڵһʱоá
䶯֮죬֮֮ǰǣҲǲضá
һо֮󣬸ҵǣȫеһǰδеĽ㡣
Ҳ񻪹һŲôֽпˣҲֻɨһɨˣǸоԼѾ˿Ƽǰء
ָоġǵĹԶ绪ǿںܶ෽ĿƼ޷뻪Ტۡ
͵Ƕ綥ƼʼճĽ
ڣ΢֧ܵˣ綥Ƽеĸо
ָоǳ㡣
ۺϹͿƼڻ֮µ׹Ƕ΢֧ҲΪϲ˷ܡ
ǹҵĿƼȷ仪Ҳûо΢֧Ƚ֧ʽ
ⷽ˵Ѿ󻪹ˡ
ţΪڡ
׹ȫǳΣȷǸе޽⡣һεĵӰФ˵ľ꡷ǾѾʮ̵ĸܹһˡ
ڣФ˵ľ꡷µ漣Ȼȫȴƺʼûȴļ
λڶݵ˹ƶȻÿ춼дģȫصοĽȥ
һФ˵ľ꡷׵׹Ӱ磬Լе׹ѡ
ڵ΢֧һ׹ǸпǧǺҵǣһ˷ܲѡ
鵽Ƴ΢֧ˣȻͬý˵Ϳݡȫµ֧ʽΪʲôǹûܹõ˸еź
ȷźΪⲢҪϾǹǰ棬ȫܹܡҪǣ΢֧Ļ󷽱ǵѾ㹻ˡ
˵û뵽ԺҲôֽ𣬻пˣҾܹܵһɡл˷ǵ
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ոսֻôԵһᵽⲻȻ漰ݷǳ㷺
ġȻᡢʷȵȷ֪ʶ漰ֱһŨİٿȫ顣
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Ӧⲿǧġǰ1400ľ䣬Ϊͯɶ֮һȷΪ
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ӵûԵò˼ǹһЦ˵СϽġ¹ءƣġģԵüЩҲġ
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ѧ绰֮󣬲ûдӣֺǺǵһԿš
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ѧͷȷӦһǧҡȻǧġ͵ȷӦһǧˡ
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һǧʯܵӴ鷨ּ֮ģһǧȫظ
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Ӹпһǧ֣ȻġȻᡢʷȶ෽֪ʶ̾Ϊֹ
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ӵͷȷˡңʵƽ¡ףǼһ壬ʱ׾ʳľ򷽡һֵ󼸾䣬ֽʷԼʱʢı֡ʮʮ֣͸ǧʷνǧ𣡡
ѧֵϣһ䣬ƺ̫ʲô˼
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ӵȷˣȷûϼûУС֮ǰƳģ񻰴˵ƷУҲûгֱַָ֡˭ңտʼʱҲûס
տʼʱûףѧЦ˵Ѿֱַָ֪˭ˣϸҡ
ЦȷµˣӦòдȣʦָӦñǷˡΪáٹ确١١١ȡ֮Ի뵽áΪٹΪڻƺһͷĹޡϵëаߵͻơܵԵķţָϵĻƷʹʱΪ˷˼İ˲ŻáΪٹ
ѧȻϲԭˡһϵܳƷΪʦʵٺʲˡϣΪдˣʦ϶ָˡôϣأָ˭
ӵڻۣΪӦָˡ
Ŷˣѧ
ӵȷˡϡϷľȡΰĵ֮һۡϵ֮ڶ׵ۣҲũϡũֱ֮Ϊ̫񡢻ѡȡٲݣ𣣬ΰ֮һഫũϻԡΪٹԣũҲǻۡ
ԭˡѧͷϣϣȷԳ֮Ϊۡôأָ˭ϵҲǣΪʲôҪ˵١֪ģΪ˵ء



ڶǧ һѧ屦
ЦȻ˵ġӦ֮һ껡ǻƵ۳ӣĸΪ棬ĲΪͼڡң껻ԡΪٹ񡢵֮ġҵİٹپͺñǰ񣬶Լǰ֮ԣָĶɡ
ѧһЦ˵ԭˡԭ֮һ껾Ȼϲ⵹Ȥˡ˵٣Ҳв
ҲЦ껵ȷϲ񣬵ܹ뵽Ҹá١ƺ껵ˣҲֻСˡ
ѧֻҺܴȤϣΪӦƳϵܵⲿǧġ
ӵƾСڵӰȥʲôƳʽֶˡֱӶ緢һ棬˵һµƷ׸ҾͿˡȻһҲǿԵģʹӡƣġһ仰֡
ѧЦ˵ҲǣϵܵƷͲҪκεֶΡϵܽƷȷңǶǹҽΡǿɲʧҿбҪŪһġҲʮּ򵥡
ӵȷʮּ򵥡ƣġ˸֣Ȼ
ѧͷȷˡϣȥˡ粻˳١
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ѧǣѸٻصԼİ칫ң֯ԡ
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˭֪أⲢҪҪǣǲģʲô
Ȼ˵ˣǴ𰸡Ӧúܿͻд˰ɡȻȵ˽

ڼ̵ʱ֮ڣƣġǷģͳΪľԽ㡣
˶ۺͲ²⣬Ե˷ܶڴ
ƣġ˸֣Ҳһסеˡ֮ǰ˸ֵһγֵʱ
ģǸضңԶʱе˸еη

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ǧġоֵ֮־ҲǲضáΪǴһѧ屦
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ȷˣһԹŴľһ㡣ָоȴʵ



ڶǧ 䶼Ǿ
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ǧġ֪ΪʲôǧġˣΪ಻ٸպһǧ֡һ顣
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ﻹҪ㽨飬ȻȥġȻЩط̫ʲô˼ѹǳܡѧ屦
ȻҪˡҶ


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Ըڤڤ֮еʥԣܹЩһʱ벻ˣȻɡ
Ȼڶֵ䣬ʹɸī˿Ⱦʫ޸򡣡ֽҪãҪִ汾ɫõļ䣬ֽŶҡТ˵̸ֹѡȷ棬ĲϺϵĽҹȻЩӵ˼ˡԽ⣬ԽǸоЩӵĲ
ǿ϶ġڶҪǽ˵׼ԭҲо䶼Ǿ䣬ࡣ
ĵ֣ȴͻȻһתʼͳйصĸ⡣ȿνǳ󣬵ָоΥͣЩ档
¥۷ɾ˾Ծʤ涼ص׳ȼص䣬ȺӢ˵֮л㼯˷ḻĵ伮ʹӢš󡮾ٿزԶ㣬ڤ˹ҽĹͷ羰ν飬֮
Ҽģд羰֡һǧġֱ̾Ϊֹ
еĲ֡һֵĻٴμתҪ񵭵԰ˡȿν󡣡
ȵȷ󣬵˵ĸоȴƫƫǳгͨ񵭵԰ЩڼįΪǣܰ黳ΪƷһ֣β͸оǰ˵ЩٵءʷɣԵȣƽָоĺܺã

ӡ᯸˵Ľ֮󣬴ҷǶԡǧġĸ͸ˡ
֮ǰЩ̫׵ĵطȫˡ
һǸоǧġо䶼Ǿ䣬䶼˼
Ҳͬиоˡ



ڶǧ 鷨һӺ
󣬸ǣַ׷ϣԼڡǧġۡ
У֣ˡǧġ֮󣬻Լдġǧġ鷨ıϴϡ
ܿ죬֣ࡶǧġ鷨ıͬϻˡ
鷨ң鷨ߣֻǶ鷨ûʲôоˣȫע⵽֣鷨ı
ҶһͬĸоǾд̫ˣȥ̫иоˣȵϵͳ֣Ҫио̫ˡ
鷨Һ鷨ǣĸоʮǶ鷨ƫ鷨ıȻио
Щ鷨ûʲôоˣҲͬоиоö࣬Ե΢һˡ
˵Ƕ鷨ûио֣鷨ıӦҲûʲôоŶԡ
ôиоأ
鷨ûиоЩˣԼЩ֡
ʲôʱ鷨иоˣԼô֪
ָоƺȷģչҲ
Ҳ֣ϵġǧġ鷨ı֮Һ鷨ЩȤˡôһ¶Ϊ֣ϵ鷨ˮƽܸߣ
ҲĸоΪԭ򲢲˵֣ϵ鷨ˮƽȷܸߣ֮ǰҲ֣鷨ƷȴûкһһĸоҹԭӦú͡ǧġⲿƷйءⲿƷ֣һε鷨һΪħ
Ҳǧġ
˭֪أԭֻʲôԭ򣿻˵ǧġĹ屦Ʒе˵塢Ҳ
Խ˵Խˡҿ֣ϵƪǧġ鷨ıȷЩĸоˡ
ôӦ֣ڵ鷨ˮƽ裬ǰߵԭɡǰ֣ϵ鷨Ʒûָо֣ϵ鷨ˣȻиоǿ鷨һ鷨ûȤȴܹС֣ڵ鷨裬ǲܺȡԣǳУֻеĸоѡ
ðɣ˵ĺеӡ

鷨ûȤۣܶ鷨ǣҲͬۡ
ף֣һ鷨ˮƽ˺ܶѽ֣ĹӦд̶ֳȲŶԡѵ֣Ĺβʱôˣ
ô԰ɡ˵֣鷨ˮƽȣһġƪǧġȫ֮ˣ˵ʤһΪʲô
˵ûпƪǧġ֣дʱоǳãųˮƽˡ
пܡ֣ƪǧġдãҿ֮󶼸оˡУҲдһƪǧġھдرиоӦܹдһƷ
ôһ˵ҲˡҲдһƪҲоڵĸоܲ
Ȼˣոֺˡ

һ鷨˵˵ţͻȻҲҪдһƪǧġĳ嶯
ңȫоǳиоʵʱ
ǣڶ鷨ڲͬĵطͬʱӺдǧġ
ԺҲΪһμѻ
õʱ֮󣬲ͬĵطȫ˹ЦǸոЩӱдǧġ鷨ǡ
֪֣ƪǧġΪʲô鷨ˮƽ֣ˮƽˡ
ԭΪǧġⲿƷԭ
ΪǸոдǧġʱ򣬴дһ족ֿʼ͸оͻȻ뵽һΪ״̬͸оеıرԣôдǳиоһߵо
ĸо֮ǰûйġ
Ǻ˷ܺͼ֪ԼһдĶһǳԼδﵽ۷ˮ׼
ָоַǳʵ
ȵһǳɣдƪǧġ֮ͣȲȥԼոдġǧġ
һƲסĹЦ
ˣˡһƷոյĸоʵ̫ˡ֮ǰûйոôõĸо⡶ǧġһƷ뿴ҸոյƷϣϣϾͷһһ¡
⣬ǻû˵ҪأôȲ˰оⲻķ񰡣ƽʱ뿴Ʒ㶼ǲҴţһôҴˣ
һβһһһķǳиоǳóǼʶһ£ܡ
ȻˣϽģǿ㵽дһƷ
ϣϣڲСƽʱõ̫ˣܲ
Ⱑżҵ顶ǧġѾŪˡ
ҵҲŪˣҲҵġ⣬ż
ǡǡԭǱһż
ǲٶȱ죬òã




ڶǧһʮ ױд
һ鷨һѵõȤһ߽Լոɵ鷨Ʒǧġϴϡ
ǵͨʱȻ˵ж󣬵֣鷨ƷǧġڴУǵ鷨Ʒһϴ֮Ҳ͸һմˡ
ԣǵ鷨Ʒû̫ʱ䣬Ҳͬˡ
ңôͬǡǧġ鷨Ʒͬʱϡÿһ鷨ƷķĴ󣬵ǾԵ鷨ˮ׼
ͬʱǵ˵һӾʢ磬ҲһμΪѵõӾܡ
Ƕ鷨ûκȤѼˣҲɵôʮֹ񫡣
ͬġǧġͬ鷨񣬵һֵʱνǳ׳ۡƽʱ鷨ûκθоңҲʮֹ񫡣
ȷʮֹ񫣬ֱһӾܡл֣ϣл鷨ܵһӾʢ硣ȻҪлˡûƳǧġҲûһˡ
˵Ϊʲôô鷨ǣͬʱдǧġѵǸ֣ϣôͬʱ磬ӦҲܰɡ
ԭǾͲö֪ˡƪǧġǳʺд鷨Ʒɣټ֣ϴͷλ鷨Ǿ鲻ԽĶдˡ
ʲôԭ򲢲ҪҪڸܵӾʢ硣
˵òһӾʢ磬ûз֣ǰǷֿһһĿÿһˮƽģƺر
ⲻϻǶ鷨ң赱Ȼˡ鷨ңʱҲ˼ԼƷŪǡ
֪Ƕ鷨ң趼ҵ˼ǣһεġǧġƷƺܹһַǳرĸоʲôоҲ̫˵Ҳ˵һַǳرĸоǲϸȥһ£᲻Ҳһַǳرĸо
ǳرĸоףһ˵һ֡һ˵ʲôо֮ǺͿ鷨Ʒʱһĸо
ԶԶԣǺͿ鷨ƷʱһĸоҼǵ֮ǰ֣ϵġǧġ鷨ƷʱҲָоͬΪ鷨ƷΪʲôǧġͱ鷨Ʒһ֡
֮ǰ˵ˡΪǧġⲿƷԭⲿƷ˴һֲһĸо֮ǰţ˵˵̫ˡڱ鷨ǵġǧġƷҲָͬоӴҸ˰ɣ
Ҳɣ
Уôһǲţô顣϶ֻǴΪǧġ̫ˣһִ
ǲǴָоȷġҲͻȻһ󵨵뷨
ʲô󵨵뷨
Ȼǿ鷨ǵġǧġƷһ֮о˵ױдġǧġָһо
ױдġǧġҲ뷨ȷʮִ󵨣ʮֵ궯
һ˵ôҲͻȻ֮ʮ궯ˡ鷨裬ҪԶȸոЩ鷨Ǹߣνɲ⣬ǵ֮鷨һˡңǡǧġԭߡױдǧġԲۣ˲䱬ը
ױдġǧġ׻һĻ棿ʵǲ󡣡
鷨κ˳УױдǧġĻҸұ֤Ի
Խ˵Խ궯룬ƽʱ鷨ûʲôȤˣ궯ˡЩ鷨ҡ鷨ǵָһ궯
˭֪أ϶Ҫ궯öˡ
ǣпױдǧġ𣿡
͸֪ˡ½ҲȤдҲȤдֻѾдˡ
ǾһԸȤдɡ˵궯Ҳ֪ҪǷ೤ʱ䡣
ԶԶԣǴһԸһҪĳϣԸܹܵǵԸ
ãǴҶȥټһˣ˶
ãû⣬ж

ƽʱ鷨ûʲôȤˣʼԸˡ˵һһ鷨ҡ鷨ǣʱ궯
ǶױдǧġĿҪЩƽʱ鷨ûʲôȤˣǿҵĶࡣ
ǲױдġǧġһľĶǣ
֪һ˿һۣͻ᳹׳еģǰδеģ̾Ϊֹ鷨Ʒ
ǰδе궯ڴ



ڶǧһʮһ Եӵĸ
ôȤױдһƪǧġֻǲѾдˣ
ֻ֣һ֪Ѿдˡ
ңָͱ֣š
һԵǰӺдǧġ֮󣬲ûнָߣ֣ȻĽˡ
ţߣ֣Ҳͬ⡣ȻԵдɵģﻹдߵĵ
˶ױдǧġǿԸ֣Ȼܹ
Ϊˣ֣˸绰Сӣô˵ĹͬԸСӦҲ˰ɡҪдһȥ𣿡
õĴȻͬ⡣
ʱ֣ڽָգԱɵļϴϡ
ƪָ壬֣Ѿ˺ܶΣÿһοֻε̾ϢȲˣԶԶȲˡ
ָɵļ֣֮ಢûֱӽϴϣǵ½Լ΢һϢк˶ԸϣܹСױдġǧġڸߴһϢСѵȷױдˡǧġָھһԸߴңƪָСѵĵһƪָ壬ҲĿǰΪֹΨһһƪָ塣ѽָ˵ļһСʱ֮ϴҾڴɡ⣬ҷһ⸣Ӽ̿ʼһὫСѵġǧġָ壬ʥԵǰչʾʱֹ㡣˿ʥиˣӭԵֳСѵǧġָ塣
΢һڼ̵ʱھʹ硣
һ鷨ң鷨ǣȫ˷ܲѡǵԸĳɹˣױдˡǧġʵһּϢ
ֻϧ֣໹ҪһСʱŻὫġǧġָϴǼˡ
ֻżҲͰˣؼǵﻹޱȵ궯Զ֮ǰӵ궯
궯Ѱģ֣΢ĺݡ
Բۣ֣Ҫġǧġָչʾ񲻾ͱʾھʥôиˣ
Ҫֱֳָ֪ԭϸĻ͵Ӱļ˵ĸоǾȫһġ
֮ûпɱԡ
һʱ֮䣬˶Դʱʥˣ޾Ľ
ǰɣ֣ϾȻ˵ĸôϣ֣ϷĸҾͲöԴʱʥĽּˡ
˭˵أҲϣ֣ܹջθҪ֪ָ壬ԵļֵǧοëëŵģҪڲι۵ʱ򣬲СŪˣʵ̫ϧˡûŪŪҲޱȾ޴ʧԣ֣ϻǲҪóչʾĺá
ԶԶԣָ֮ף˵Ǿ棬ӦСղزŶԣôóչʾߣһȥ֣ϵ΢ԣ֣ǧҪðա
⣬ߣһ𡣡


·ϣڡ顱ʱʥοǣοҲע⵽֣΢֮Ʋס˷ܺ;ϲ
֮Ȼˣƽʱ鷨ûʲôȤһ⡣
ʵϣϹڡǧġ鷨飬ҲһֱڹעҲ֣࣬Լ༸λ鷨дġǧġ鷨Ҳױдġǧġ鷨ΪĸȤͿ
ڣͻȻյ֣ǵľ޴ϲ
ǣͻȻ֮øӵ֡
ԲۣڸϽȥԵӰо޴ľϲǵš
޴ľϲʲôҼǵԵ֣סĵطѵ֣йأ
ߣǱ߱˵ÿһ㡣ȻҹƵǵԵӵʱѾΧˣǸͼȥˡ
ԲۣʲôϲӰúúãһߣһ߸ҡ
ԵӣﵽԵôûҰҶʥ廹̫졣
߰ɣߣҶѾǳˣ֪ô
лл֣ͻȻŵ˾ϲ
ǰҾڵжѾˣ´ǵʱѾȥˡ
߿㣬Сܵġ
ãСܵġ


֣΢֮󣬺ܿͿ˷ǳĻظ˼һģǾҪðգָôóչʾһŪô죿
Щ֣ȻֻЦЦ֪ЩֻǶԴʱʥˣĽѡ
ġǧġָó̶Ѿ׼õģСԺǰһչϡ
һ̶ã㿴Զһˣ𼱻ǵԵӶ
ԣЩ˱ǵһǰι۵οˡ
ԶԶοǣҲվԵСԺǰ֣࣬Լ֣Աߵչܡ
Ǹӵ˷ܣȫӿٶȡ
һ߿ٿһ߷׷״˵֣ϣˣ
ʲô¾ãֻ㸺ǰУ



ڶǧһʮ ڵȵ
һο֮죬֣ಢ⡣
Ҳʲôι۳ֱӿˡڴ˶ˣ˸Ļͷֳһһˡ
οǶȻǳϣʥ壬ûο͸ʲô⣬ҲʲôƢ
һο߽Ƿ׷֣кĿչϡ
ڡǧġҶѾǳϤˡǧġ鷨ƷҲѾ˰֣ڵģλ鷨ҵƷ
ڣǧġôҴӵһۿʼ㳹׵ĳС
֮дˣƽʱ鷨ûʲôȤǲ֪ݣǰƷ
ֻ֪ǿģƺһһ֣һ׳ɽˮ
ϸĻܹУĸ졣
ˮǷ
һ֣ٳɵһĻ
е˶ˣֳܰû˵
ֱһٵĽŲԶչǰˣŻȻΰ㾪ѡ
ֳŴ˼ĸ̾
鷨ǹ񹤣־ֻ¾ǳܹﵽ
ҲΪ˾Դﲻľ磬ֻϵˣܹﵽľ硣
ɾͲϵô˵Ƿǳǡ
л֣͵һܹ鷨ʵ൱ˡ

ָ̾Уڶοڻ𼱻ǵĸϵˣǰѾΧˣѾûкõλˡ
ǰѣѾôʱˡɲҲǰһ˵
һοͻͷοϣ˷ܺڴɫͺǸ֮ǰյʱһ׷׵ͷչǰõλ˳
ҶΪƷһ˷ܺڴԸˣҲԸܵǧġ
ָоǳã
ÿչǰλãȴû뿪˵ԶһЩطźһȺο߽ͣչܡ
ܿտҲɵ¡ֻ˵ˣչϵƷѡ
ûйϵҿۣԾ齻ԼոƷʱܡ
ʱ򣬺ʹһоҲͬǳĺá
һοͣǰοÿλãڴϲ֮࣬ҲЩжͣǰÿο͵л
֣࿴ĳ΢΢Ц֮ǰһҪʲôι۹涨̣ԼĽвιۡ
ڶοͿչϵƷ֮ȻҲ͵һοһ׵ĳС
һ֮󣬵οֵˡڶολ˳Ҳ͵һοһ˵Զĵط
οһһȻһοͣ͹Ľλøһο͡
ûֳ֯ţһоȻ
ʱǵ˼Ҳֳͬ
ʱ˿Щʥ尡ûȥԵġǧġ鷨ֳѣ˵˵ֳ
ȻˣھԵӣոġǧġ鷨ֻ˵ֳѾɽ˺ңӦûкܶڸ·ϡҹƽӵοͣȻ֮󣬴ἯҵطȻɲô˵ġ
֮С˵Щֳģ͵ʱǧҪСİǧƷŪŪˡ
ǰôˣĵ˻᲻СĵĽƷŪࡢŪ
ҷİɣǾܻŪࡢŪġǿǾԵƷȻСĺǻ
ͺãǾͷˡ˵ġǧġ鷨ôǲҪ鷨ǵƷӵ˾̾
ֹǸӵ˾ֱ̾Ѿһ鷨Ʒˡһ׳ɽˮǿ֡˵ˣҲ᲻ȻϿʱȻܹˡţҲԣǿҲ᲻ΪϸŵĻо϶޷ֳᲢۡԣҸո˵޷ᵽˡȻϿҲܹͬ൱ĳԡ
ҲȻ֪˵ʵ㲻ҪԽ𣿡
Ͽȷ޷ֳᲢۡϧʥ̫ԶˡȻҷǵȥʥ岻ɡ
ȥҲȥˣҲûа취顣ҲֻϿˡ˵ڲһСʱʱ˰ɣ֣ǲǸϴˣ
Ӧÿ˰ɡ֣ϲܺǰ

֣ȷһֱעʱ䣬һСʱʱ䵽֣֮Ҳٷϻֱӽ׼õģ鷨ǧġĵļϴϡ
һڵȵˡ



ڶǧһʮ ɾˣ
ϱûʲôˡ
Ϊȫġǧġ鷨ȥˡ
鷨׼֪һ˳Եġ
׼ҲȻеΪľϲ˷ܣЩԵǰֳ˵һһǧġѾһһĺˣһ׳ɽˮ
ܹ˵鷨ƷһĻ˵Ǵ޺ˡ
ϸŵĻˣôֱֳӿʵԭĻָһ𺳣
ڵȷ󲻵ԸԺлĻܹۿʵԭ塣
ֻһۣҲ㹻ˡ
һ鷨Ҳڿĸп֮ǣй֮޲
Ȼ֮ǰ֪ǵ鷨ˮƽȣԶεķ֣ƺ֮ǰΪģҪһЩ
ᣬ鷨Ϊʲô֮ߣ벻ס
鷨裬ҵעԶ޷ﵽģвʰ
Ҳûа취鷨עֻͣҪģһǲС
ǵ鷨γԼķȥģ϶ǲˡ룬Щ鷨ǣȥģĻ֪ûпģ³һͣ
ֻҪϿ̿Ŭģ³һӦûǿԵġֻϧⲢûʲôã鷨Ҫǡ񡯣ǡ͡ڡ񡯣ûܹģµóһ㶼СȻ鷨˵ܹģ³һͣҲˡ
˵εġǧġ鷨¼᲻˶ܶ鷨ߣ
ţܡ̫ˡ鷨̫ҪѪҺˡ
ˣӦûкܶԭ鷨ߵˣҲΪһ¼ö鷨ȤҲܿͻһӱˡ
ĻǾʵ̫ˡֵڴ
ţȷֵڴ


һ鷨˵ĵȷûкܶ鷨ǣڿεġǧġ鷨Ʒǿġǧġ鷨Ʒ֮󣬶鷨øȤˡ
ġǧġͻȻԼҲҪдһƪǧġ뷨
Ȼдòã鷨ᲢֲۣϴȥֻдԼˡ
뷨һˡ
ǣҲˡ
տʼʱûʲôоддţϲķ֣ƺԽԽиоˣеıԽԽˡ
һд֮󣬻ͷȥ
ðɣʵڲôЩ鷨ȣ鷨ȵĻƺܲӡ
ٺ֮ǰдֱȥܲ
˵ǵ鷨ڲ֪䣬ѾôԵĽ
⵱ȻǲܵġԼԼƽʱûôϰôܻԽ
ֿȥƺȷǰҪ˲١
Щ鷨һεƷҲͬҪ֮ǰԼˮƽߡ
ô˵Ļӣĺ͡ǧġⲿƷйˣ
ôһƷĿ˵鷨ˮƽһأ
Ȼûô飬ߣ鷨ˮƽˡдǧġʱ򣬵ȷԻ÷ǳõ״̬дȻҪԼͨˮƽߡ
Ȼ鷨ˮƽҲ㹻˷ܡ
һ£ܹÿ춼ϰдϼ顶ǧġ鷨ˮƽضõߡ
ߵٶȣɻϰдƷҪϲ١
ܹ϶ġ
ǣһ鷨˷ˡ
ͻȻһ顣Ǿͨдǧġϰ鷨鷨ٶȣдҪϲ١Ȼûоʵ飬Ӧûġ
ҲһˡҸոдһ顶ǧġоԼˮƽҪÿ١дȥȷоˮƽûȽϿ졣Щ档
ⲿǧġ֮ͻȻҶ鷨ȤˣѾĦȭƣϰȥΪ鷨ңֻԺͨǰܹͨ鷨װװƣˡ
Ҳ뷨ڸɾʮ㡣ңͨдǧġҸԵĸоˣ鷨кԽСˬ

ܶ鷨ǣøӵϲ鷨⻹ʲôи鷨еϲ飬ǾһЩԭ鷨ûʲôȤˣʱҲƺʼ鷨һЩȤˡ
ǰ鷨һȤûУҷ֣Ҷ鷨еȤˡǲӦȥīֽϰһ£
ҲǣҲڿҪҪϰһ£
ɶԥģҪ򰡣ֲǶĶҶѾˣ絽ʱúõдһдǻ˵д֮ԺװƵĻءԣȤ͸Ͻʼɡ
˵ĺеӣǾͲԥ򣡸ɾˣ
ԣɾˣ

֮ܶǰ鷨Ȥˣ׼ʼϰ鷨ˡ鷨˵һľϲ
鷨˲ѷ̫ҪѪҺвˡ
ڣڿѪҺϣ
һǧġĵȻΪ鷨磬עôʵѪҺʵ鷨˾ϲ֣Ҳˣп֣



ڶǧһʮ 
ǧġĵ鷨עôʵѪҺֻһ̫⡣
׿鷨Ӱ죬ǧġⲿƷȻӰ쵽ͥ
ⲿƷʺϴǣǳʺϺĶļҳڿӡ᯸ȴйڡǧġϸ֮󣬶ڡǧġνѾǳϤˡ
ѾоԵİգԽǧġ̸ĶˡܺʲôʺǣǶаΪǽˡ
һ֮󣬼ҳǲķ֣ǶԡǧġȤǳ󣬷ҪԸȥ֮ǰ־ټաɡƷһ
ʵʱ򣬺ҲԼĽúȫ֮󣬺ǻԵ÷ǳĻȸԾ
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ȷ˶ڴڴɽ˵һġɽˡ
һΣڲٵ̫á
ڶ죬Ӿ硶ɽˡ飬ʽƳɽˡ
˶ڵһʱõϢȻȲĽ뵽Ӿ硶ɽˡĹ
Ȼλãɽˡʽߵ10ӵʱ
Ǽʱˣ10ӵʱ䣬Ѿܶˡ
˷ܵȴʱʱǹƿƼƻ
ڣһӣ30룬10룬987
ɽˡߣȥƵѾпʼš
ǻδӳĵӾĻ棬źܲиоҸעȴڻϡ
Ѿǰϣ죬ŵԼڵһʱ˲ĳ
ָоֻĸָܹоѾ
ǰ࣬ĿƪǶԼĸʣǰδеڴҲֻĸǰ֮󣬶Ըǿҵڴ
ˡ
쳾
߲˼Թ
Ե
ͬѪ
ͬˮ
·ֳԶ

Ȼص֣Ȼ򵥵ı
ȻЩص֣ÿһ֣ÿһʣÿһ䣬һ޾ζʫ裬Ǹʫ
õ֣תɣ˵ĶԺơ
˲ԾѾʼ
컨ȻҶ
һ˭㣬
ããֻء
龰ٸ֣
ź˿
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һֲ͸쳾Ĵѣִ¶ĵˣ
ɽˣ
ĸӢۺúԸµ
öɣǵ
׳־ĺԶ
̶̼ﰡ
ݣ
߶ҵģ
߶ƺ
ѽư
ݣ
鷳±ͷ
ɽˣȻӢۺú˭Ըµ
˰Ӣ۵ĳ飬ӢΪ˸Ըɽĺ飬顣
쳾ෳǣ̶̼ֺαǽЩ鷳·ͷ
һƣݡ
һ鳪գȫеһǰδе㣬µƷ㣬Ҳ׸豾ǵ㡣
Ʒָܵ㡣

סɽˡǰС棬ݳҶصߣΪһףŵŨĸ
ҶصߣһԵĿݳ׸裬׸ѣۻʣżζ
׸Ӣۡ뽭ɽҪأдʿĳѣߵĻҲߵټϹŵĸʣйϵɣʹ׸һƳѸٴͷβΪľ֮
ڽҲȻ˻ζ
ǰ׸ҲΪǡƬβ
ڣӾ硶ɽˡǸƳ׸
ԣ֮ǰʱʵǷǳϲ͸˵ġ
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ڶǧٶʮ Ҫһ׽Ʒ
ɽˡողʽƳԼٶȴȫصĴС
̳ֵſڣ⳵׸衣
ڴϣֻҪֵܹĵطŵĶ붼׸衣
ĳһҵڷŵֲףһ׸衣
ôո߽Ĺ˿ͺпܾͻ˵ϰ壬ôûзšɽˡɲԻ׸裿
ϰһ˵ȻȻԡʵϣұ׼һ׸衣
ϰ嵱Ȼһıʹ㻻һ׸裬һ˵ΪһոսĹ˿һˣҲʹٳһ⡣
Ҳ˾һҵſڡǲȥģûӦĹ
ҵڷŵǡɽˡǸһ㲻߽˵
ԭֻһȻߡпܣ߳ʱѾһǸոڵġ
ɽˡӰ˸пȴ⡣
ֻǳѡ
׸贫СݳҵҲѸٵš
ҶصߣԵĿݳ׸Ůֻ֣иݳ׸ȻûЧ
ôڸпѡ֮֮׼ͬʱҲסҵߡ
׸ġ
ҲΪˣҵǡ
׸ʽƳ֮ǰҵѾʼˣǷԶûĴ
֮ǰǣҵֵﵽǵ۷壬һҪͻǣΪˣͲһ㣬סˣջûͻƳɹ
ڣʽƳҵ˲ͻߣΪʵǡ
ң֮ڲϵǣһ·նֱﵽǿеλãŽٶȣΪ
˵ҪٽһͻǣΪ߾ǣ;ôˡ
ĿǰҪһκܳʱ䡣
ܹϣеϣ
ֵÿһ˶Ľ֣ұ˸Ǽѡ
߾У֮ǰ顣ڣȻеĿϣ
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⣬ɽˡ飬ΪɽˡƵƬҲͬΪȲ
ɽˡӾ磬Ҳ˳Ϊ˼ڽӳģΪڴӰӾ磬û֮һ
ĽɺԱ˷ֲ֮࣬⡣
ֻ֪ҪһƳһЧ
˷ܵģĪڼݣԼһҪԱˡ
ɽˡʣԻԭʸ߳
һҲɻԭ
뵽ЩǰδеļڴڴԼǵһ졣

ʥ塣
ԭ㲻ٹʸ飬ڽ컹̲ס˽һ
˽֮󣬳׵ķˡ
ʱûʲôˣϴһС˵ˡ
ڡƲ񷡷Ѿع룬ҲϴһµƷˡ
ϴһҲѾˡ
㻪дС˵ԽԽַ࣬߶кܶ࣬Ҳ١
վݿͳƣС˵Ʒн֮ࡣ
У50ϵģҲн4000
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ɡȷƷֲȫϵƷвӰӡһɵƷ
Ȼ϶ΪΪ
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С˵ǣڴС˵ʱ򣬼ԡɡΪģ塣
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磬ľ硢Ĺҩݵȵȷġ
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ǰЩС˵ߣǵƷʵҲнȫԭ
ɽɽӡǧġի־졷¥ġɽȵƷǽĶ
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ԣС˵˵Ҫһȡɡ׽Ʒ
ǴŻӵĵӦ֡ŻʹƷߡ
ȻˣھƳһƷˡ



ڶǧٶʮһ ΨСԲۡ
ĳС˵Ⱥ
Ⱥ2000ˣС˵ߣҲȥĶߡ
ЩߵУʲôߣ˽ֵߣȻҲгɼĴߡ
ȺܻԾϢʱ999+⣬˽ߴԲѵָߣҲдװ˽֡װ£캰666ĤݴУԼ˽ֵġ
ݴʱϹżҲдʱ
ڣһȺдߣ˾С˵д⡣
ӹġɡػѾоöˣӦҲǿ͸ˡȻҴɡһС˵ʱȴֺѽ֪ʲôط֡д̫ˡ
ɡȷýߵдҪ̫ˡȽ϶ԣġƲ񷡷ͺýˡȻⲻ˵Ʋ񷡷ûɺãǡƲ񷡷趨ϸǶԣ׽
ɡýҲƷĳɼϱȲƷԭ򡣡
ֻܳɼȲãдҲûöࡣҲǲӦתȥдãջ᲻ãɼ˾˰ɡ
ҲǣҲ᲻ӹ󿪴С˵һƳɡҲҿĵһС˵ԣҶԡһرĸ顣ʼдС˵֮дķ֮ǰǣҲǡԣҶҪдȥ
ǣдȫûʲôͷֻϹдֻһҿЩɼ飬оҲⷽ⡣ЩоҲЩң趨ϣоʱбĿܡڵĳɼ֮ԻΪʱûб֮󣬳ɼѸ»ԸҪɡֻڱ֮ǰܵߵԶ
ӹܹƳһƷͺˣǿиĽһдͻһЩˡ
ҲϣˣڹӹءƲ񷡷ȣ㲻ûδ롣ʱڿǲƳµƷˡǵȵ˹ӹƳƷҲһġԣԸʱʵˡȻŹӹ϶ǻƷġҪǵȴ
ţĿǰȷֻܵȴˡԸȵ̫á

ȺЩߵԸҲߵԸЩɼǿǴмߡ
ǵɼÿµĸҲУĿֻԼ֪
дúʹ࣬оʱп̵ܱӡ
տʱ򣬸оܲдúԼ⣬ɼҲܲ
ԽԽǵ50֮Ǿ͸одԽԽˣ֪дȥˣ
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ԣЩ׼мߣҲʱ޿̲ŹӹܹдһƷ
ţֻҪӹдһƷһܹѧϰܶĶ

ߣԼĶߣҲͬʱʱ̶̿Źӹ顣
˵ҲϣӹܹƳһԼдƷ㲻ԼдĳҲԡ
ϾС˵ںܶطͬģǲԼƷֻҪǹӹƷԴѧϰܶĶ
ǶڹӹƷǻǴĶߣվڶߵĽǶȣҲȿٿӹƷ
ͺĶûʲôˡ
ȻƲ񷡷صУÿĸСȫ
ÿ֮ò˶ʱȫˡȻ󡭡ûˡ
ӹܹһƷĻǸжã
ֻ룬;÷ǳˬ
ԣҲʱӹܹƳµƷ

ǵԸ˽ġҲѡƷһҪԭ
С˵Ҫ׵ķҪһβ̵ʱ䣬ҪϵǰС
ߺǵԸҲͬ˽⡣
ԸҵԸ
ԣҪƳһˡ
㻪ٷվͻȻ֮䵯һϵݺܼ򵥣ɴӹƷ10ʽϴĶ
ͻȻĺһ㻪վĶߣԼȫһ
ôͻȻĵʲôĪĲƷ˺ƼҲ̫ţ˰ɣûƼƷء
ͷ֮󣬲ȥϵݡ
һ֮£ȫڵһʱסˣƺЩݡ
üʱ֮󣬲ڿԲۣ
Ĵʱ򣬶׼ȷıʵĸܣΨСԲۡУ



ڶǧٶʮ 
һԲ֮ۡ󣬱Ʋסľϲľϲʵֱ̫˾ЩͷĿѣ
ӹȻˡңͿʼʽء
ʵ̫ͻȻҲ̫˾ϲˣ
еϲ˷ܵˣҪһС˵ߡ
Ϊӹ顶ɴƷ
еС˵ȫ˷ܲѣǿһǹӹǵ
ȻӹΪʲôͻȻ֮ҪƳµƷǡǡࡣ
ԭΪҪȵӹһƷҪһβ̵ʱ䡣
Ҳ˵ȴ׼
ȴ˭֪ǵԸͻȻ֮䣬ͻȻʵ֡ǹӹǵʲô
˷ܲѡ
ҿݵʱһȲԼ۾־ϲĸоʵ̫ǿˣ͸оԼͻȻ500һ
ʱڿԼС˵ݣͻȻ֮ǰ͵һһҵʱ²һ䣬ʲôȻſϵݡȻһԲۡ鲻ԽѿڶֻԼĲɲУʱֻһԲۡ
ζû뵽ôܹӹƷˡԭΪҪһβ̵ʱء룬ӹһǵ
һԤУӹһεġɴһ֮ǰġɡк̶ܴϵĲͬʵ̫ڴˡ
ɴ־͸оһֺĳƪƣƪӦñȡɡҪöࡣ;˷ܡ

С˵˷ܣǣҲͬ˷ܡ
Ȼӹһε鲻Ǹ࣬ⲢûʲôϵֻҪǹӹ飬һܹѧϰ̫̫Ķ
ҪǣǶǹӹʵԣûʲôȹӹ飬Ǹе˷ܡ
˵Ҳһġ
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ͻȻһ⡣ӹˣѵǡƲ񷡷ҪˣǧҪȻҼȿӹ飬ҲϣƲ񷡷ôᣬȫûп
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10㿪ʼءокóʱ䣬ϣʱܹĿһЩ
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ӰԽ顣
Կ϶ǣӹйصţһܹõǳߵĵΪȵŵĿԷǳ
ԣý嶼ڵһʱжʼָı
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ڴ㻪ͻȻذϢ10㣬ӹ顶ɴʼأ
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ЩǵģԶĲУԡɴĹڣд󵨵Ĳ²衣
ǶԴִ˲ˡ
ɴҲͬӹ֮ǰһڿʼ֮ǰѾĿ
ʱڴ鲻۵ȥڵ˵ڶʮ㡣
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߽ŵһˣǶ纫˯ʮ𣬴ϲʱزһ
봲ԼԶĵطһ»ɵǽΪʱãǽѿ˼˿۵ϸӣЩУԼԼĴĸ߶߶Թżź麵̸˵ġžડžડ˱
ӻıЩɬ˫ĿʹԼ˯Сǳٲʵ˯Ļ޷ЩˣҲ޷Լõͬһɽɲ
պôģ֣ĸ𲻳Ƴɵͷ֡
ʱǮ˵İͯǴΨһʶֵĶˣСӵ֣һġ




ڶǧٶʮ ī
һͨɽ꣬˳֮Ϊӡ
Ȼ⺫ӦñƷˡƷҪģһͨɽ̤꣬ɽ磬ʼɵĹ¡
ƪû̫ھޣֻǽݱ渵
һλ壬ڸһСǵľ¥˼ƹ൱棬Ǵˡ
ԺһҺչˡ
һң˵ҪƾٺȥμӣŵӵĿˡ
ԭ幤ľ¥һСšĽС岻ǰʽΪɵŵӣܹƾ7굽12ĺͯȥμŵӵĿˡ
10꣬ƾٺȥμӿˡܹɹͨˣΪŵĵӣǱ˲Ϊˣӡ
ĸĸܸˣҲܸˣڴܹɹͨˣΪһˡ
ź뿪ˡ
󼸾շתͽʮͬȥμӿ˵ĺͯǣһš
ֻһͯ⻹ʮͯһμӿˡ
˿ʼˡ
ȥҲ򵥣ڹ涨ʱ֮ڣһƬֳɹִɽ¶
·裬ʮĺͯ˵൱ѵġ
ͯУ˳ɹͨˣΪŵŵӡ
ȻҲ¶˹涨ʱ䣬ûͨˣ޷Ϊŵӡ
Ϊڿ˵ĹУֳ;õ˿ߵϿɣ׼һĺͯΪļӡ
Ÿ漸ϰ¸ٻһο˵Ļᡣ
ܹΪҲǺõģܸˡ
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ˣĪһĪסֹȡ
ī˶һԵھ˵ǰ֮ҪҪڼϰ
ôϰīȴǲܣֻö

ɴĿƪ񡶶Ʋ񷡷һǿҵìܳͻǽ渵ƽƽ
һˮƽ˿÷ֳǳá
ԣ֮·ʼˣǸīߣ򱻴Ϊ֮··ˡ
ܸоīЩأԺ˵̬ҲоЩ֣ʦֲʦĪӦöǺ̤֮··ˣҪлɡ
ܸоīڶھЩģĳĿƵġԸҵĸоǴġ
Ӧòİɡڲֻһͨͯīǵλ󣬲ƺôһͨͯǡ
˵ҲǡܸоīЩֵֹģԸǸеƢɡ

۵ģ˺֮⣬īˡ
һЩǵۣڴҰī֮Ϊ֮·˵˵ʾͬ⡣
īȷǺ̤֮·ˡ
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ܹɳΪŵķΪպ߳ɽĺħ
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ںܶࡶɴīȷһȻֻһͨˣһԳƵǼ侫ʡ
ܹƵһ档
Ĳ˵ܹһͨߵݣɹնɱһߣԳΪһˡ
ǵһɹնɱߵͨߣҲһ
īҲʮͣ˵ǡɴ͵֮һ
īīʣ֮һԻĴʼˣѧħ֡ʮ꣬һӣܹԵǧŮ֡
ҰˣѰƵķ֪ͯͯҩͯҩ
ͯī߳ŭ¶ɱͯõͯϵҩ֮ҩ
Ȼ֮ͯʣʹѪ䡱ԼȫľѪΪһѪ䣬絽īͷϡȻԪƮ⣬īڡ
û죬īеġѪ䡱ʼ˥ϡȻ˥ϳһʮҵģ
ʮĿӣڶ̶̵ʱ֮ڣ˥ϳΪһߡ
˸̾ѡ



ڶǧٶʮ ӡ
īЩп
ī࣬ȴǼΪɹҲһǳҪ
أǣҲ̵ӡ
ɴأÿ춼ڼ
ת֮䣬ѹī麫ھӡ
ûκεУīЩʧ֮⣬û
úˡ
ܱһЩһ˿УҲֻôһ㣬Ȼ൱Ĳˡ
һǱΪںĪҲֵ÷ǳʧ
Ȼȴġ
Īڸо˺һ΢֮󣬾ȻüΪĿϲҲΪȣ˫ַΪ˵ʲôָоҪĶûдģ
ڸеͬʱҲ˶ߣīȻ⡣
˵㺫츳ܹ޷УīķӦӦҲֻοϲЩԼҵһ츳ߵĺͽܡ
ȺͼڿһϺе챦
ī⣬úھ϶ĳֲɸ˵Ŀġ
һ㼸ܹ϶ˡ
ֻǣīܹʲôɸ˵ĿģȴԲ²⡣
㺫гɣҲǺõôī˵õʲôôɣ
⣬ȴ㹻˺档
īǿѹסԼĿ뼤˵Ӵ֮󣬺״ˣúԺպץ
ͬʱҲʾٴһ׹
ھīı֣Ŀ϶⡣
ˣȺţͨʦͽӦе⣿
Ҳīķʼīˡ
ǰһ֪˾ͺáȻһ챻īˣҪǮء
ī򵽵ʲôɸ˵ĿģʼǼΪ档
֮õһصСƿӣСƿӷǳŹ֡
ȫ۾֪ˡ
Ȼ˵ҿܻٵܻȱϯ
⵱ȻǼ˷ܵ飬װƣһǳˬ顣
Ϊǣȱң
֮Ȼø򵥣Ҳˡ
ȥѾھ˵Ĳ㡣ĪķҲԽԽīʵ硣
Ѿ˵Ĳ㣬īչʾȴֻ㡣
īҲûĺʱȥˣס˺̯ˡ
īʲôĿģʱס
ԭĪȥʮҵͣʵȴֻʮ꣬ΪնɱͯʱͯġѪ䡱ÿ춼Ѹ˥ϡ
໹һʱ䣬ͽ˥ϵľ
̺ھͯڸһɹ
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ҪԺжᣬҪĲ㡣
ڣȴʼͣڵ㣬īˣѾûʱټȥˡҲ˺˷Ӷи
ס˺Ժ˵ΪҪЮúһ֮ڣĲ㡣
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ʵѾ˵Ĳ㣬صúܺãī֮һĽСĽ
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սʱ̡
ī򣬲ҽľڵĲ㣬ī鿴
īĽ˵Ĳ㣬ϲڿԻˡ
סͨͯطʼẫԪ
ڶĹУīָԼӦòһ˧úʵӡ
ĪԪ뺫Ԫչ˴ս
īȻ֣Ԫ񾹱ԪҪǿ࣬ɵķɱˡ
ΪʵѾ˵㣬īȴΪֻĲ㣬ԺԪǿ̶ȣǳصĹ㡣
īҪẫȴɷɱ
һ䣡
ɱī򣬻ɱҪȸںͯ
ͯĪķʵϣī뺫ܾˣ̵
ȻԪǿͬԶԶĹ㣬ɵľͷɱīҲɵķɱ
ͯҲˣһ
īʬϷһ飬īġ
īбʾʧˣͯУܹһǺ
ͯīʮΪ˲һ̰һСѡʹǸߣҲʲôĳϢ
īһ뺫Ľףúһ꣬꣬ȥһˣСǰ׵Զ뽭ɱһʳǵͨ
ΪˣԸ⽫ԼȫƲ͸Ϊ꣬Ը⽫ԼŮ޸Ϊޡ
⣬īָĳ˷ǳǿԺĿǰı»ӦԣΪ׼ݵȵȡ
һеİźֺ
ī飬һǲпī˵֮˵ӡΪ̡



ڶǧٶʮ ̿
ϣ۷׷ס
īˣȴΪʲôһϧĸоҪɱẫ壬ҲгɹĿܡˣӦøоʮֳŶ԰ΪʲôоЩϧأ֡
ȷ֣ҲĸоȻָоǿңĵȷȷееϧīǷɣҪҪɱǵķɡˣȷӦøоŶԡ
Ϊʲôֻ˵ӹī̫ˣ˵ӡ̫ˡܹһ쵽̶ֳȣǹӹ
տʼʱҾ͸оī⣬Ȼ⡣ֻû뵽īͼ֮󣬾ȻҪẫ塣ҿī˳ʵ硣ȻĪпܻɹīĳɹˣҿ϶ͲеϧˡȻּǲġΪǣнָˣīһʼעҪʧܡΪҲŻеͬī򣬲ŻеЩźɡ
ȷⷽԭ򣬵Ҫԭī˷ǳĵطЩƴľҲ˵ˡǿǷ飬۱ɫҿǷʱĶīеȷһ
кҪһ㣬ܹǳŮԸеļҲΪۣҲҪԼĶֺæչŮİȫˣԲǴ֮ˡ
ī򲻹30꣬һ˾ˡøãǻΪһĴϧûѾˡ
ȻΪīеźԭԺΪԺһУ˽ģ̵ģҲǲԭµġԪ񱻺ɱҲӦá
ȷӦãȥվһգҲһֱӦɡ
Ī̻ʵ̫ɹˡһ˳ɹ˶Ժ潫Ҫ޾ڴ
УҲҪлīɣлѺ֮·ȻĳҪẫ壬յĽȷúӴ֮֮·ȻҲܹΪһŵӣȻʳˣһӶֻͨˡ
ţлīɡŶں˵īҲһԶǵעҪɽġһ˵īҲ԰ˡ
˵īһǴġлӹһ˳ɹ
īĹپʶѾĹ²ŸոտʼڣӦ̤֮·˰ɡô϶һֱšʲôʱ뿪뿪ֻ֮ȥʵ˷ǳڴ
ŲɣֻͨɣȻ뿪ҹƺ뿪֮󣬻һɡ
Ҳ룬Ҳ롣ܼӲ룬һǳʡ̫ڴˣ
Ĺ£̫ڴˣϣӹÿܹһЩʵǲ
û취ǹӹÿ100£Ȼò⣬Ȼǲܵġ

ʽ̤֮·󣬺УȥЩطʲôˣֻʲô£
еЩǼΪڴ
ɴÿ춼ڸ¡
ī󣬺ھŲ㣬ѧ򵥷Ϊҽ
Ұǰ﹥ţɱ˺ҰǰȺ
֮󣬺µҩƮȻȥ
ؼ簲׵ָԪǣշʶīŮīҴЭ飬ɱŷ죬ȡůⶾ
ϯţе֪ټѰμ̫Сᣬڽ׻ϻ÷Ƭ֪;
ƷȣȽҶߣÿҩ԰ְ
֮ʮһ㣬ƿ׼μѪɫ
ĳǰйװ;·½ʦּɱٻȳ֣ɱ½ʦ֣Ϸٻö
֮μѪɫӲпɱӱϹ񣬴һȣ֡
֮ڵػ֮Ƴɹ
̤֮󣬺ӾʣҲա
֮ǽᵤᵤ֮ԪӤ

ԽԽʣԽԽղܡ
УƵ磬еϲ
ᵤԪӤ
ÿһ־ģĵʲôеģȵȹھһУӹд÷ǳϸ
˵ǽ̿һ㣬ܹǳ͸⡣
ϲ



ڶǧٶʮ Ψܹ
С˵˵νһּΪҪ趨
İѿأƷߵͣŷǳҪֱӵӰ졣
С˵ȫ֪һ㡣ԣǻ˴˼ȥ硣
ɡ͡Ʋ񷡷Ʒ趨еҪ
Ѵ˼֮Ҳ򣬿ԼϹ˵һˡ
ֻǣʱʼʮֳܸоҪ졣
ΪʲôԼҲ֪ԭΪǶظʼձȽģԼ֪һ¶
˵İˡ
ǶԴ˷ǳΣȴûа취֪Լվǹӹš
ȻڣɴǸоǿһĽ̿һ㡣
ǰЩģĸȫӦ⣬ҲԽԽ͸
֣
û뵽ӹһι˵ϸͳףֱǽ̿һ㡣ӹһ緽⣬дôϸ̫лӹˣֱǵдʦ
Ȼ֮ǰ֪ɴҾ޴ջ񣬵˵ǣɴҵջ񣬱֮ǰĻҪöࡣ
ֻǹ緽棬Ϳ˵ջ޴ˡټջҶ֪ˣ
һЩдߣԺڴʱԻףҲҪߵöࡣһ̿Ʒ
Ҿ֪ӹдһƷǵջἫ޴һջ֮ǰĸ󡣸лӹ󣡡

ɴһС˵иģȻֻ緽档
棬ܹȵȡȵȣȫи
ȻиĲֻߣеС˵ߡ
֮ǰ˵һЩС˵͸ͬںܶ෽ȴͨġ
ɴȻС˵͵С˵ߣҲܹͬࡣ
͵С˵ȫǳ˷ܡ
ڶ˵ܹһ˾ʵС˵ҲͬΪ˷ܡ
۲ͣ
ɴֱԽԽʡᵤԪӤעһβƽĵ·ɣС˳ҷ𣬾ա̼ղܡ
ӹƷȻԶԶЩߵƷܹᲢ۵ġʵ̫ˣ
ЩߵƷǷǳԵġȻܴﵽӹĸ߶ȣкܶƷ㹻˿ȥˡһιӹġɴһܹȡòСĽǷǳϲ˵ġ
ԸЩǣӴܹ֮д֮ǰõƷ

ʥ塣
ɴӰԽԽԴһ㲻⡣ǰһľ֮Ӱʵ̫
ȡɴһʱ֮ƳһС˵Ʒ
ڣż
ȴ𼱻ǵʥ塣
һ׹ѣտС
տǵӰФ˾꡷ͶˣҲѡӡ󻹲
ޣװĺտּˣӭʥ塣ԶѣǺġ
տм飬Ʋסľϲ֮࣬һ
ʥ·ϣһЩ᲻Ѿˣ
ϾֻӰФ˵ľ꡷ͶˣȷǷѣ
ڣ飬ˣ֪Ѿѣܳ
װǳ㻹ǵңһǳĵطлҪĵöࡣԵũׯȻ鴫տ˷ܵ˵
һЦ˵ȻˣտȤιһҵũׯ
տҲЦ˵һǻĻ˵ǡԸҲ
Ŷ¿֪仰
¿еĻ˶ԻĻȤҲоһʱ䣬Цˡ
¿ﻰ¿ϲһĻұн¿룡
¿æ룡
һ߲ιũׯһЩҳʮͶ
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¿йһЦҲ飬˵һͷ۵顣ȥҲΨܹҡŲԶʵǷǳıǸ
ŶЩȤ



ڶǧٶʮ СͶʣƱ
ЦЦ˵ʲôܹú¿ͷۣ
¿еģһ֮ǰҲμһӰᡣֻһСͽᣬĵݡԱӰͶҲв٣мֳ
ϣ̸ˡС󡯵Ļ⡣СɱͶʣزƱ
ҵһϾִ˵һӰͶ100Ԫ£ûпջ2000ϵƱ
˵⵱ȻпܵģСɱĵӰҲܺг
˵ΪܡͶ100ԪµĵӰյƱܹرѾǳˣҲֻܹС׬һ㣬ʮԪ100Ԫջ2000ϵƱ
ҵϾ֣Һ֮Ĺϵж죬˵֮Ҿͺ
һ֮˵¿УȻԴȷǲġȥͶһԤ100ԪµĵӰȻ󻻻2000ԪϵƱȻӮ䣬ǾͶ100ԪΣ
֮һ嶯ʼⳡע
Ȼ󣬵侲֮ҷļΪѣǲܵ顣Ԥ100ԪµĵӰкܶ࣬㶼ͶʵĵӰƱ
Ҳòϣ˵ǶԵģЩӰܹرǷǳˣҪ2000ϵƱǲܵ顣
ԼȻѾЧҲ100ԪС£ʱܶർݡԱӰͶˣм߶ڳѾ׹ˣҲ䡣
ǣʾ˭Ԥ100ԪµĵӰøҿʵĻһͶʡ
ʱ䣬յʮԤ100µĵӰƻЩҲյƱʵǲá
ȥֻǰ鷳ˡ
ԭ¿˵֮ЦЦ˵¿˼ǣϣҳһԤ100ԪµĵӰȻͶ𣿡
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¿̾ϢȷˡһߵľԱ䱾һƱпܵġСǵԱĻ
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¿ϲϣһܹӮⳡԼǸһ
ڣӦˣ˷ܵĲѣ˵л֣һеƱ붼УͶʳɱҶûء⣬Ҫʲôı꣬ԾܿڣֻҪΧ֮ڵģҶһ㡣
ֵ¿ˡҲҪı꣬ƱĻ10¿ɣûسɱӦò⡣
⡭⡭¿оʡӦ֣ѾмˣλܷƱ
ô˰ɡ¿ڴס£Ϳ԰Ѿ籾㡣ʱ¿Ҫţˡ
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ɫʱ¿Ե¥Ұź˷䡣
ص˰Сʱʱдþ籾
һܼ򵥣ȴֺܳصĹ£ԸܹȡһƱɡ



ڶǧٶʮ 䶨
¿֮ĶԼѾ׹˶Դ˶ǳȤ
ǵݡԱӰ硢ӰͶˡͨĹڵȵȣȫǳע
⼸ʱ䣬飬ѾǴȤ顣
ôȥˣҲ֪¿ҵʵĵӰͶûӦûУҲʵĵӰġ
Ԥ100ԪµĵӰкܶ࣬Ҫ2000ԪƱǾͼˡ¿һ䶨ˣ治ôӦġ
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ˣ100ԪСǴ󡣺¿ڵһôԸҪ̫ͺá
ʱ䣬¿ƺûʲôˡðɣ
Ըɡ


˹׹ΪĵӰ֮һ
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˹һԤ100ԪµĵӰΪյƱܹﵽ٣
˵ȿһ籾籾㹻Ļ500Ʊпܵġ
˵õľ籾Ҳֻȡ500Ʊ𣿡
⵱ȻǾԵģӰƱкܶ࣬ҲҪܵ˵Ҫﵽ2000ԪϵƱܡٺõľ籾ҲС
˹ԸԤ100ԪµĵӰ𣿡
ʵ˵Ը⡣ǵ۵顣
ðɣȷˡƱпܳ2000Ԫ𣿡
ܣǵȻˣǾԽʱϧĵӰǲܴڵġ
ȷܴڣ¿һûʲôϣˡ
ֻףˡ


ӰȦӡ
λ˵ĵӰ˭ܴľ籾
ҪƱ2000ľ籾ˣ˵ͶʻҪ100¡ҿǸܵġ
Ͷ100£õĵݺԱ벻𣬸˵Ч֮ˡҿкõľ籾Ҳǰ
¿һҪͶһ100µĵӰⱾǺ¡ϾΪʹ֮ĶԼ¿δȤͶ100µĵӰϧЩԤ100µĵӰȫץסλᡣ
Ҳû취ԼҲƱ2000򣬺¿п϶ǲͶʵġ
ô˵һκ¿䶨ˣ
䶨ˡǳʲô漣
漣ҿһǲܳ漣ġûܹľ籾籾ûУ޴̸𡣡


ӰͶȦӡ
ɵúܲһ϶Ӯˡ¿Ͷʵ۹׼һҲûа취ˡ
Ҿ¿һѵȻΪͶ100µĵӰܹ2000ϵƱ治֪Ϊʲô뷨̫Ҳ̫ʵˡ
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ʱȥˣڵĺ¿ڷѰңܹʤĵӰԸɹ
ģ϶ܻɹġûӮζעԼڹƶԼӮˡ䣬ԸҪʱϵ̫á

ЩӰͶվڴһߵġⲻΪǶͺ¿ìܣǻٶЩĽ¿еȻɹͶôಿӰ
˵е㼵Ҳԡ
ԣǺϣ¿һλ䡣
ǵȻǳ
ȻҲվں¿һߵġǵĹϵ¿л㲻ٱȺʹ֮Ĺϵá
ԣԵĻϣ¿Ӯ
ֻǣϣĺСûпܡ
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˵¿Լ϶롣ˣΪһһǳûӵ顣
ڵʵǣĿʮ֮˾ţ׼ԸѾˡ
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ȻǳѣԼСҪףԸܹһ漣
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֪ұ绰ջûд룬ڿ϶ϣӵǵĵ绰
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ԣҲûд绰Ը鲻̫⡣
ϣһκ¿Ӯȥûϣ֪һ飿
鲻˵ж⣬ȷ̫ˡ




ڶǧٶʮ ӮĻѾܴ
ʥ塣
׹۵ģ¿ҲȥһĽ֮Уе˶Ϊ䡣
Դ˺ΣҲûа취ʵ˵ԼΪԼ䡣
Ȼľ籾֮ǰ
ڣľ籾˷ܵĹЦδйá
䣿˵Ȼпܵġ
籾ٺãҲܱ֤ĳЧãܱ֤ܹﵽٶٵƱ
ǣĿѾԶԶСӮĿԡ
¿˷ܣ֮ǰжϹȻûдĿ԰ӮζעҲΨһܹӮöעˡ
Ц˵籾̫ˣҴûм˼򵥣ȴ˸ӵľ籾Ǽ򵥵ģǸӵģ˼ġ̫ˣ
籾ȷԼҲ⡣Ǻ¿ܹܲӮζעһδ֪һл˵
¿еͷ˵ȷˡǣӮĿѾǳˡѾ㹻ˡ
ôȷݡԱԼ齨飬Ҫ鷳¿Լˡ
¿еȻľ籾кܶർݺԱȤһЩݺ;ԱĹУҪԶЧаѿءӦʡȻȥֳʱֳͨƵֱͿˡ
ͷ˵û⣬ʱһ͵ݺúýһ
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¿ǣ뿪ӡ
ʱ鲻ͬ¿뿪ʱνΪá

׹
ڵҲͬǳãӮ100ĶСؼӮ˺¿鱾˷ǳá
ڵź¿䡣
ӲͷƤͶһԤ100µĵӰƱҵ˶עֱӹ䡣
ź¿һѡߡ
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Ϊ¿л䣬ȥҲû壬䡣Ϊأ
Ƕҷǳͬ˵ʵϣѾ˵׼һˣˣһвʣҷǳźǶ֪ģһһҪ䣬Ǹ˲ҡ
Ǹ˵Ȼ㡣ҲϣǸ㡣
ԼҲϣǸҡڿĲң⿴ܰ𣿡
ǵģȷܰһ˸˵顣
ǶܸеˡҲǿԺȱơףһ¡
ȷǸ⡣ôô
ȻԣѾЩȲˡ


¿лص׹
ҪĵӰǰδе泩
ڼе˶ѣڵӮζԼĸѾǳ
⣬Իе˸е˼飬һ漣
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ҪٶɵӰ㣬ȻϵԺӳյƱĳɼ
Ҫʱ䡣
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һǳ򵥵ĵӰ򵥵ֻһԱҲֻһ
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ѡѡȥҲ˼ʵѡ¿дǳȥ롣
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⣬Ǻ¿ҪЧ
ܹ²õȴֲܰٷ֮ٵȷ
ôһ顣
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ЧԻֱ˵籾ǳ֮Ҫõ̫ࡣ
¿зǳԼİţڴϢĲ²⡢顢ۡ



ڶǧʮ 
磬ܿ˷Ӧ
¿֮ĶԼʱ׹Ľ¼ʱڹעҲڵź¿ʲôʱ򿪿䣿
ڴ¿п϶ǻῪģֻʱѡ
ʱ䣬¿ûʲôڴҿһǺ¿䣬ȴֲľˣԸⶪӡ
Ҳ⣬ȷҪһʱԼ˵Լ
ڣȥˣ¿ӦѾ˵Լ˰ɣ
ϾҲʲô̫ڶ顣100Ķʣں¿˵С˼
¿ӦþͿҪ̬ˡе˶Ϊ
ʱڶź¿еĹ˻
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¿ڻҪ𣿹Ȼûа취ӮöԼ
Ϊ죬ұΪ¿лټġˣ¿ж˵Щʲô
Ҳʵ˵ҷǳ档

ܶ˵㿪˺¿иոոµϢ
ܿ죬ɵˣЩš
ohţ˭ܸңǲǿˣ
Ҳ㲢ûпۡʵ˵Ҳеǳ⣬ҲǲǿˣȻǲܵġ¿оȻҪ䣬š
ұΪ¿ڻˡڣһˡ¿˵ҵӮöԼľ籾ˣ⡣Ļľ籾ҷǳɡ
ȷһ˸еǳʵһͱøȤˡ¿оȻҵӮľ籾ˣţ
ȷţ¿ȴƺǳšó¿вΪӶѼӲţΪԼܹӮζԼ׵õһʲôľ籾ţ
˵ˣ˵ȥһ˻˵ʱ֮ûʲô˵Լȥһ˻һ˵Ѿҵ籾ˡôԣȥΪ籾ңѾɹˡһԻľ籾һŵľ籾ѵ˵
ʮа˾ˣ籾Ի֮֡¿֮ǰͶʡФ˵ľ꡷졣û뵽Ȼȥæ֮ǰȻû뵽һ硣
ǻȫĴһ󼶵ӰФ˵ľ꡷֤ڵӰҲĲŻ¿һεõľ籾ǳֵ֮ĻƺпӮζԼ
ѹֺ¿лšƺ֤籾һ֤֮֡籾ԻϾ¿ֻ˵ȥһ˻ȥһҪ;籾йϵȻֵ֮ĿԵȷȽϴˡ
籾ĳ֣֮Ҳܱ֤¿һһӮȷһλӰţҲһͶ100µĵӰջ2000ϵƱɣ
⵹ҲǣһȻδ֪Ǻ¿Ϊʲôţ
ҲΪ¿ǵ˰ɡȿӮζעΪΪľ籾һܹڵõľ籾֮Եšһ仪Ļ˵ǡԣԹ塯
ţȷӦþ¿ӦҲһս֮ǰǣ籾ĳԻ֮֡
Ҳ˵籾ǲǳ֣֮ΪĹؼ¿ֱ˵ģȴƫƫ˵һǹġ
ȷǹġĿľΪǲͣĲ²飬ҲΪǵĺġһ¼ȶȾһֱή͡òϣ¿зǳʵȻҲˣҵĺˡ
ô˵¿ӮĿˣԱø˼ˡϣ¿ܹһ㽫ӰĳҿǲӮĿܣ
ȷˡٺ¿вǰˡ˼
¿һεͶʺͬһԼȥҵݺԱ㡣ԸܹһҵݺԱ
ľ籾ĻӦûкܶർݺԱȤġ


һλǶһƷơơ
ǵ鶼ܲ
ָһ֮󣬴óֻ˵ǳǸǶҵÿֻˡҪ¿ûУ֪ѾЩȲˡ
Ƕû£㿴ɣˣһʵҲЩȲˡ
õģǶoh~ͻȻú˷ܣ˵ǶѾԿ¿ˡҿʲô¿е罻ʺϣһողŸµϢʱϢ֮⣬ʵ벻ݡǶҵ㿪˵ЩʲôĻҷǳ
Ƕ˵¿ѾϢѾֻϣҲ׼ȥ
ڣһ˵ַֻ˵õģҺ
Ƕ׼
ֻǣȴû
Ƕ˺һƬ̣ȻûЩɻĿ
ֻϵ˷ܱѾȡ֮һĲźɻƺǿʲôܲݡ
ôˣǶ⡣
֮󣬴ŻشǶ⣬Ҳ⡣



ڶǧʮһ Ծ籾Ȥ
Ƕɻ˵㵽׿ʲôΪʲôš
ҡҡͷȻһĲţ˵ǶԼɡҲеŵġ
Ƕͷٴֻҵ¿иµһϢ
֮ǶȻҲһĲţ˵¿˵ҵӮöԼľ籾ˣ
ûпĻȷ
Ƕ˵ȥһ˻ѵ籾ڻõģѵǡ
Ƕ˵ǲǣҲ뵽ˡΪ֣¿ӦҲӮˡ
Ƕͷ˵һλӰţӦҲһͶ100µĵӰջ2000ϵƱ鱾ͲǾԲܡ˵¿еȷпܻӮġټ֣òϣӮĿˡһϢ֮ǰû뵽ȥæ
ȷһϢӮĿɴöࡣǶΪȻԼףֻûп¿ǰ䣬ź
ǶðɣҲΪȻ˵⣬Ӧòı䡣
Ȼ

¿иµϢУ˱ʾԼõ˿ӮöԼľ籾֮⣬һҪϢǾҪһõľ籾ΪӰ
ӰݺԱǣԴΪ⡣
ܶݶںԼֽ
˹Ϊ¿еõľ籾ǳ֮𣿡
ŵΪһӦܹ϶Ȼ¿вšΨһܹŵˣֻǻ
ô˹Ϊ¿лӮ𣿡
ŵҲ֪˵֣ӮĿҲ󡣵һλܹòܱΪܡ֮ǰġФ˵ľ꡷һӳǰû˿á󣬡Ф˵ľ꡷ȴΪ˾Ծ䣬Ʊ񻰡ټϺ¿ţ˵õľ籾ĸáԣΪ¿пܻӮ
ܺã˹ҲġҲӦȥҺ¿кú̸̸
ŵִĵӰ𣿡
ǵģ˹Ϊʲôأ籾ǳֵ֮Ļҵȷһ顣
õģŵϰг̡
˹Ҫһ㡣Ҳһεľ᲻С


ĶԺ¿еĵӰȤ𣿡
Ȼ籾ǳԻֵ֮ĻȥҺ¿̸̸Ҫһ㡣
õģϰš


üλݶԺ¿еľ籾Ȥ
Ͷ100µĵӰ˵һǳ۵飬Ҳм㡣
⡣
ⲿͶ100µĵӰǳԻֵ֮Ļ⡣
Ф˵ľ꡷ĵӰ漣ʼĿ
ԣǺĶ׷ڵһʱǰȥҺ¿̸̸
ˣһڵӰԱҲͬˡ
ף¿еľ籾ǳԻֵ֮ĻΪҿȥ𣿡
Ǿ籾ǳԻ֣֮Ͷ100£עֻһСɱӰЧܻСΪ߾ǣȥĵӰ᲻᲻̫ʣ
ףûʲôʵġǿȥ籾Ȼپݲݣףϰȥ¿ег̡
õģͰš

¬ˣӦϰһ£ȥ¿ег̡
ǶԺ¿еǲӰȤ𣿡
ǵģ籾ǳԻ֣֮ϣܹõݡ
ǣ籾ĳԻ֣֮ͶҲ100ͶܹĳʲôЧǲҪһ£
¬ˣÿˡǲҪȥҶҪ졣ҲҪõݣһõõ
Ƕ߾ǡݵĻ˭ù㣿
ԸˡҲԴ˸ȤĶ߾ǣֹһ֮ǵĶҪ졣
õģͰš


Ϣոշȥûжã¿оѾӵ˺ü绰
ǵݻԱʾԾ籾ȤԸϸ˽⡣
Ук¿֮ǰɸѡģΪȽϺʵĵݺԱ
ú¿Եø˷ܣӰȻ֮
ʾ籾ǳֵ֮Ļ϶ǲеݺԱ绰ġ
ȥԷҲпܻ취ܡ
ӰķǳҪ
õĺ¿лصԼסŵݺԱš
ݺԱһԣѡʵˡ
˷ܺڴ



ڶǧʮ 
ڶ죬¿ӭ˵һλˣŵ
¿ǳң
ŵҷǳмҵľ籾Ȥ˵ͬң
¿ҿȷһ𣿡
ŵ֪ȷʲôǵģ籾֣֮ǧȷ
Ҿ֪һԣȲˡʵϣھ뿴籾
⵱Ȼû⣬ѾѾ籾׼ˡŵ뿴
лл룬һǳȤġ
ȻҲŵǳȤ

ûйĺѣŵ籾ʼ
¿Ҳ˵ĵĵŵ籾ꡣ
û̫ʱ䣬ŵ˾籾п¿ţ籾Ȼܹ볣֮ܡԿ϶֮⣬ûܹ뵽ľ籾Ҳû˸дľ籾
¿ЦŵҵĿһôŵ籾ôĺˣûпջ2000ϵƱ
ŵƬ̣˵¿ȿԿ϶һǳľ籾Ƽ򵥣ʵӣ˼ĳԻһĵӰƱĻʵ˵һδ֪пܳ2000򣬵Ҳпܴﲻ¿Ҫ֪ĵӰһƱĺãؼҪǵĽ̶ܳȡȻ2000ĿԸ󡣡
¿еͷŵ˵˵ôŵڿ˾籾֮ǷԸⲿӰ
ŵЦȻ¿ҵȻԸ⡣ңǳһĵӰҲһǳĵӰ˵һȫһ޶ĵӰ˵һȫµսұ˷ܣѾȲУҶյƱķǳڴ
¿йһЦ˵ŵ˵ҷǳˡǳǸŵҲھͬⲿӰ޵ҲⲿӰȤҲԼˣӦþͿҪˡҲҪǵ֮
ŵ⣬˵һȻȤðɣ¿һ֮˵ϣܹΪⲿӰĵݡ
¿еҲϣ
ûãݿء޵˼ͬʱ
¿лδ˵ŵ˵ء޵񣬻ӭǡϧ̫һ㣬Һͺ¿Ѿ̸÷ǳˡ
صǳǸŵҲûгٵҺͺ¿Լľʱ䡣Ҳ֮ǰ̸õȷȽ졣룬Һͺ¿֮䣬̸ø졣
޵Ҳͬ˼
¿Цӭǣķǳҡ
֮󣬵ӰԱ𰲡¬ֵˣҲ̵
ÿ˶˾籾
ǵݣԱÿ˶ֳ൱Ȥ
յƱ̫룬Ҳûйϵ
Ϊ˵ⶼһǳĵӰһȫµս
Ǻ˷ܣҪս
־籾Ƕһ޶ģˣԶС
˶ⲿӰú¿к˷ܣ˵λǳлǶⲿӰȤǶóⲿӰԵݺԱҪ󶼷ǳߡԣϣܹ˽ǷֱʲôıʽݻⲿӰ𣿡
λݺԱ֪Ǻ¿ڿˡ
൱Ծ
ȻС
Σûа취ֻܾŬȥȡˡ
գ¿оϸĶԱ֮󣬽ݺԱȷ
ʼŵԱ𰲡
ⲿӰֻһݣûǡ
ŵ𰲶˷ܣźվûлִ߳ⲿӰ
齨飬ﱸ׼ˡ
齨֮󣬺¿Ҳ繫˵Ӱ֣Լ
Ӱ񡷣
ݣŵȡ
ݣ𰲡ŵȡ

ϢһȻ顣
񡷣ʲô˼˻ôоǳѹֺͲ̣ĵӰôôҲҲ̫ҿⲿӰ
Ӱ֣˸оǳ׵ûţһ뵽ͷǳԸĽ˻񡣲ȻЩ̫뿴
񡷣׵ûŵĵӰΪʲôú¿ţֵӰӦòжԸȥɣѵġ񡯣Ľ˻񣿡
֪ϣֻ֮ǰ¿һӣҶԻⲿӰǺЩڴһҶ֪Ӧȥ
ǽ˻ĻҲܲˡ̫ˣҿ




ڶǧʮ ǿҹע
񡷣üеˣоЩ׵ûš
һ£һ˱ڵ£־ʹ࣬εǿң
һ뵽ֳ˸оﲻǲ
һӰ뿴𣿸ҿĿ𣿳Ｋȱ̬֮⣬˶̫ȥҲ̫Ըȥ
ⲻǿֲƬȴʤƿֲƬ
ĵӰΪʲô˾⣿
Ȼڻֻ֪һӰ֣ⲿӰҪġ񡱣ǲǴֻ
ڵǻһ
Ҳֻˡ
˻Ǳ˻񣬸ͲǴôһ¶
ˣӰ֣ڴҵһӰ
ǴһⲿӰÿǸҲȥ⡣
ڴԼЩź¿˵ȻһǳõϢ
ܸˣڵ绰Ƕ˵ǶӦҲ֪˰ɣҸоӮĸʣֺ֮ǰһˡ
绰Ƕ˵ȷǵģʵ̫⣬ΪʲôáӰӦ֪ҶʲϲУ¿Ϊʲôôţ
ǶҪ֪ȷһλӰšҲΪǵӰţŻáΪӰڲͬġⲿӰҲһõӰһһƱĵӰں¿У֮ǰǵԡ
ǶðɣҲȷ
һҪ飬ǶӦҲˣӰĵŵ𰲣ǵ۶ܸߡҵȥȷһ飬¿ǵ׻˶ǮҲҪͶʳɱġ£ǵķٳ1000¿滨ôǮǣѾˡ
ǶǵȻҪȥȷһ¡
֪Ҫȷϲѡ

Ҫȥȷ飬Ҳͬ뵽⡣
Ҫ뵼ŵԱ𰲣µķãԶԶֹ100
ҪͶġ
˵񡷵ͶʿԶԶֹ100
ȻǺ¿ֱˡ
ǣ¿ŵ𰲻ѵǮٺ٣ܾԵĸһ㡣
ֿ
ȻС
籾Ի֣֮ͷǳпֻԵȡһ㱨ꡣ
ڵӰǡ񡷣ֿԱСˡ
Ҷⶼܹע
ܿ죬˴𰸡
ŵȺ˵Ǳʾ¿вҪ֧κηãϵĺ¿С
ˣǻ˼ҵľõλᡣ
Ǿпء޵񡢱¬ֵˡ
Ϣһ˶еȡ
Ȼ㱨꣬ң֮Ŀء޵񡢱¬ֵˣĴݡǵӰԱŵ𰲶֮¡
˼ң
ⲿӰ
ȻΪͻ㱨£ôĵݺԱ˵ľ
ѵӰҪġ񡱣治ǴΪֻ
롣
ҲԽԽࡣ
һͶ100µĵӰȻôȵ⣬עȱܶͶʵĵӰй֮޲
һеֻһǾⲿӰǳԻ֮֡
ȷе˵ǳԻ֣֮һʼûõٷ֮ٵȷϡ
е˶Դˣʮָп
ĵӰ׹Ӱ֮ǰΪĸ
ڶ׹ýԴˣҲͬʮָп׷׾صб

׹ڹڡ񡷵飬Լ׹ýǵرȻ˻ýǵע⡣
Ƕý壬Ƕ˵ⶼһΪ޴ľϲ
ȻֳӰˡ
ýǵĳ׵˷ˣ˴¼ǰܿͱŪһƪƪ硣
׹ӰͶ˺¿СγɶԼ¿Ư
һͶ100µĵӰܹջ2000ϵƱ׹ӰͶ˺¿С֮ĶԼ¿֣Ӱ񡷣
ٴӰԴ׹ӰͶˣ¿֮һԼ
µӰ񡷣׹ǿҹע
¿ܹӮöԼġܷ׹ջ2000ϵƱĿԴ
¿רãΨһܹӮζԼˡ
רãһλΰĵӰˣⲢܹȡøƱΪӮһң
׹߷ã˱ʾԡָеǡǲȷԼǷȥⲿӰ




ڶǧʮ 
ýǺ˷ܣǸ˷ܡ
һֿԿĵӰˡ
һֺǿԽУԺ
¿˵ģΨһܹӮζԼˡ
׹ǵһӰӵоĺ룬ĵӰ硢ӰݡӰԱкܶ࣬Ƕ޷¿ȡʤ
˵ʲô
˵ں¿еӰһˡ
ңصı׹ӰǶԴˣȻܲȴûվʾԡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊûʲôܹ¿ȡʤ
ҪһӰǺУû⡣ҪһͶ100µĵӰ
ĵӰҪȡøƱǾͱʤ籾ƱҪ󵨡
ͷ׹ĵӰóˡ
Ψȫŵа취Ƴôһ籾
ʵȻҲˡ
񡷣Ȼ֪ⲿӰ׽һʲôĹ£־ͱⲿӰһһĵӰ
ҲΨַǳĵӰпܳС漣
ȻӰ֣Ҳȷʵ˵Щѹ֡
ȷúܶЩȴȹ۲죬ȿ˱˵Ŀ֮ķӦ֮پҪҪȥ
ûйϵǾţⲿӰһ˲ȥ
տʼƱܸߣ֮һᱬ
һܵϢҸеǰδеĵͽ׹ǵӰһôӵкô£ֻп֡˵ѾӰһˡ
ҲΪ͹۵˵ĵӰƷ̫ˣѵõϵĳϡܹӰƷͺˡʱ׵Ӱһˡ
ҪӰƷǺѡǶ֪Ϊ˴ƷһҪƷҪԵġ뿴ĵӰƷװ
ȷˡܹഴһЩӰƷ׹һӰλã͸λˡ
λҪſ϶һġֻҪӴ֮ٴӰƷһͳ綼ᵽ
¿оͶʡФ˵ľ꡷Ǹ¿аɣ۹Ȼ֪
ŵء޵Щɶ׹ĵӰݣ𰲡¬ֵˣҲľǵӰԱ㱨£ڼ߳ݡ񡷵Ļᣬ˾̹
ô˵¿λӮ𣿡
ϻˣ¿ôܻ䣿Ȼڴ׹ȺڶʾԡָеǣЩȥȵӰӳ֮һ֮󣬾ͻȥġõƱ⡣
2000Ʊֻ׹ƱǹҵƱɼҲĻַӳ2000򡣡
ˣǹҵƱĻǾ۸ˡֻ׹ڵƱҲſͻ2000򡣡
ţǶԴ˾ġǿƷ

׹ͻӰ˹ע飬һڹңȻܲע
ȵû׹ͻߣҲ͡
ϾѾϴĹңΪ缶ĴӰ
һεĵӰȻֻһͶ100µСӰҲͬ˸עڴ
ȫ綼ڹעڴӰҲѾڽܹĵ㵱С
һǳ򵥵ĵӰԱֻһӰĳҲֻһһڱڵµĹײС
ĽȻǳ졣
¿ҲֳᾭͨƵֱķʽֳĻ棬ֱԶڻ
вĵطֱͨͷ뵼ŵ𰲹ͨ
ŵ𰲶˶ȻȻɣҲʮġ
ⲿӰҪȡúóɼ𰲵ıݷǳҪ
ϾӰ𰲵ľͷ֮⣬ûĶƱ
ȫ̿ģֻһײĴСĿռ䣬Լϵֱ顣
֡ϲʹࡢϣȵȡ
һһ˵ĵӰԱݵĲã籾ٺҲá
ԣǵŵ𰲣еǳѹǴûĵӰ
Ȼѹ֮࣬˷ܺڴ
ⲿӰ꣬ǵľһһµ̨ס
ҲǶⲿӰ˿һҪԭ
һһ޶ĵӰҲһĻ
Ǻ˷ܣǵõĻᡣ
֪Լ˵ģ
ʼղϵ鵱УӰɡ
¿Сŵˣڳ³һ
͸˷ܺڴʱˡ



ڶǧʮ һʼѹ
ӰƬ͸͵Ժȥӳˡ
һͶ100µĵӰûжԺԸҪģЩԺߣͶ100µĵӰ
ĵӰӳ˷ʱԴ
ΨһЩСԺߣܻЩȤ
һΡ񡷵ȻһⲿӰܵĹעȣ֮ЩͶʵĴƬй֮޲
עȸǵӰƱһҪǰᱣϡ
ܶԺ߶Ը񡷡
ȻҲкܶԺ߿ǵĿǰˣԡָеǣп߽ܲӰԺȥ
ԣǴһȿЩ˵ĵӰԺ֮پҪҪ
Щˡ񡷵ԺߣҲȫȽϽ񡷰ŵĳζȽ٣һĳζ峡£Щֻһ
ʱ伸ȫǻƽʱΣ10ԺʱξӶࡣ
ԺȻҲ⣬ûʲôëҪ̽һ¡񡷵г
¿жԴҲ⣬ͬʱҲǣźܿ죬Ժ߾ͻ񡷵ӳκʱ䡣
žԵġ

ߡҲͬӳ
Ժߵ׹Ǳ߾ȫһˡ
еԺߣǴԺߣСԺߣȫˡ񡷡
ңܸ񡷵Դȫˡ񡷡
ĵӰûг
ڻһԺߵ׹ЩԺ̫СĽˣҪ̽һ
̽ëߡ
ðɣҵĹһ׹Ĺԥԥģ̽һҲǶԵġ
񻪹ߵĹڣͿʼƱˣԵ˷ܶڴ

ӰӳˣȻҲʮֹע
ʱ򣬴ѾԤԼҪˡ
û취񡷵ĹעȺȵ̫ˡ֮ǰǾû뵽ҲһͶ100µĵӰȵ͹עȻ֮ߡ
ôߵĹעȺȵ㣬ǻ˵ɶ
Ȼڴˣܶڵһʱ߽ӰԺǹһ֮ǿ϶һЩ߽ӰԺġ
2000Ʊû⡣
Ρ
յ֪ӰǡֵʱǺǸһ֣񡷵ĹעȺȵԽԽߡ
Ӱǡ񡱣ҲȲˡ
һͶ100µĵӰộ
ԼҪˣҲ̫ԩˡ
Ҳûа취¿вûΥһֻܹ֡
û֣¿Ӧˡ
ʮƵ߽һҵӰԺҪĵӰǡ񡷡
ⲿӰпܻ˶ԼҪ⵽һĵӰ
׿Ĳ˵Щ档
Ӱ11㿪ʼʱѾˡ
Ըʲô߽ӰԺ֮ǰ
߽ӰԺ֮ƺûʲôá
ΪӰԺ˲ٵˣǵ̸ƺڵȴ11㿪ʼġ񡷡
Щʧ
Ҳû̫⡣
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Ӱǵһαʮֳأ֮ǰòײһЩ飬ʱûˡ
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ڱ޾ͲʵĺУɳڹײġ
ϣʧ
ĻúڰҲóţ



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˶һ⣬ΪʲôҪñޣοϣ֮ջûӹĽ֣
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ӰеˣҪʱһпʵ
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ָӹٻش˵ǵģɹӪȹͬˣǸ˵ֽ˻ء
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˵ָӹ֮ǰƭ˱ޣ֮ǰûгɹӪ˻ء
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һţȫţѾʵֻǣΪʲôҪñοϣ֮ξһĥͲñ޳ɹ𣿡
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þ֮󣬲̾Ϣһ˵ҲǶԵġ
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ڶǧʮ ìܵ˵
ӰɢʱҲѾˣѾҪ12ˡ
ʱ򣬺ܶûȥӰԺ񡷵ˣû˯ڵЩȥӰԺ˵ˣϷˡ֮ظ룬Լԡ񡷵ۡ
Ȼû߽ӰԺȥⲿӰȴʮֹע
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ȥԺڽš񡷵ĳ΢һ㣬ԼЩ֮ǰû񡷣׼ȹһµԺߣʼ񡷡Ҫͻ2000Ʊ̫ʱ䡣
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ͬԺڿһ֮˲ͬľ
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Щ֮ǰû񡷵ԺߣЩѡЩһ
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ԼҲ˵ˣҲڣĻڡҲǻǿȥġ
Ҫȥ𣿡
ڿǣȥǻûƱ
㿼ǰɣҲǿǡ

ܶѾ˲ȥľҲкܶ໹ǿǲ֮ԥò⡣
ԥ֮ĽȻЩѡȥأȥ˵Щջûѡȥ
ܶ½߽˵ӰԺ
ԺߵʱԲһЩҲǿԣĲࡣ
Щ˿֮󣬹ڡ񡷵ۣҲͬЩ˼
ԥ˺þ֮󣬽컹ȥˡţȷʵЩڣȥġ̫˸еˡ
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ԼһӰˡһǳȷѡ
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ڶǧʮһ ȷһһ޶ĵӰ
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񡷴Ӿ̶˵϶ǱȲϡФ˵ľ꡷ģصĹƣһһһӰ˼ǡФ˵ľ꡷ˡ
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ȻӰ֮󣬲ʶʼնֻһҲֻһ̫˲˼ˡһϿΪ񡷾ѾƵһ䡣
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ʯСʱ֮ǰѾʥ壬ڶûϢѵʧˣ
ᣬʧˣʯҲϢӦǻûм
ǵȵ˷ǳͽӦǺһεļƻֻܱȡˡ
Ҳûа취顣Ѿȷ֮⣬ûеڶⱾ¡
ǿ϶޷ġֻܼϣԺЩȤˡ
Ϊϣģһκͦ˼ģ𣿶ң֮ǰûйⷽƷҲҲ봴һƷأ
֮ϣʯܸǴϢɡ
ףˡ

˵ţһµε˵ֻˡ
µһʯһġĪһţ˵ʯ绰ˣӦнˡҰһЩҪӵ绰ˡ
һʯһĵ绰ҲͬĪһš
ԸǺϢ
µνͨ˵绰ʯµ
ȫ䡣
µθ˵䣬ͶȻʮܣģʵ̫ˡãðǿԳ׵İˡ
Ҳͬܡ
µμȻһ־״̬ôʣ϶Ҳ֪ʯһǱߴǺϢ
Ȼµι˵绰ѯʣ˷ܵ˵ϢӦǺˡ
ȻѾµ˴𰸣µ׿˵˻ǾĪ˷ܡ
ǺǿԾԿ϶ƷƳ֮Ӱ֮ǰԤĴࡣ
Ҫ֪֮
ȻǻˣڵҲͬŷǳߵ
һ֡ǵƷû֮һ
ԡ֡ʼӵżߵֱҲһ
ȻĹǽֵһһ顣
ڣԳ֣ҪٴһƷӰ֪
һڸ߲ǿԿ϶ǽϢ繫֮һԡ˷ܵķ
Ȼ϶ҲһС˻ų͵ƣ˵ôңΪʲôһҪ뻪
ֱӾͺˡ
Ҳ룬û֮ƨҡ
һ˷֮µ˵λʯѾϸ⡣һεƷһ֮ʽСǹҺͻͬءҪģ
ȵȣµһԲʵ˵ո˵Ʒһ֮ҪʽУδҲ̫˰ɣһڵʱ䣬ֻڶ˼
µЦ㻹̫˽⡣ڱ˵ҪһƷҪϵ׼ʱ䡣˵һ㹻ˡҪһڡ۴ʲôƷٶȶǼ졣
ԲʲһҲţû뵽Ȼġֱǳˡ
µεͷǳˡڻΪϵˡȻеġ
Բʵͷ˵һҲҼʶˡ
µεǶҼʶˣλһ£Ҫνɣٶ̫죬ǵʱѾˡ
ԲڵһˣȫͷӦ



ڶǧʮ ԵũׯС
ʥ塣
̸֮ʯһǣҪڵһʱϻصȥ
ʯһ˴ڣʯһһ⳵뿪
СѾͷûԶڸ
ӭ
˵̸ʲôѽ
Ц̨ҪҺһƷͦȤģѾӦˡ
磬ҪƳµƷ𣿡СѾͷ۾һϽʵ
ܵӰ죬СѾͷʮϲ
֮ǰҪ
ˣѾͷͼʣѧ˼Ͳѧˡ
Ǿÿǰ;
ЦȷҪƳһƷˡһεСѾͷӦǲϲġ
ΪʲôСѾͷʵʲô͵ģ
̽ưġÿһҪ˵֡ţһһĻǾǼÿ춼Ҫһˡ
СѾͷĪһף˵ˣˡ
һۣ˵Ѿͷˡ
һЦ˵˵ʵ
ʱ߹˵磬һεⲿƷҲҪǹءһƽ̨أ
ʱ̳ɡ
ͷ˵õģҸϵһ¡Ǳڳ˷ܿ־ʱ̳֮⣬ҲƳһվʱߡǷǳרҵˡ
ͷ˵ԡһξͲͨ־ˣֱվذɡ
˵ͨʲôƽ̨ضǿԵģһ
ҲרŽһվؼƳⲿƷ
ֻû̫塣
ʱ̳лѾݷ˼ΣٴһƷһ£νΪڴ
лܵӡ󲻴
ȻˣξͰѻʱ̳ɡ
Ӧһ˵ھ͸Ǳߴ绰ֻһڵʱˣҲǰ׼
ͷ

ǡ
ʱ̳칫ҡ
߲쵼ڿᡣ
Ӫܼ޶˵һ£־»һЩѾ»ĸˡվʱߵҲͬ½ⲻһơ
гܼ´̾ھԽԽˣüվǻȷʵҪ취ˡ
³лüͷ΢壬˵˵ףƷ⣬ؼڡҪֹס־վƣҪƷ¹ܴӸϽ⡣༭Ҫ취߸ڵڣ
༭ܱ˵лܣסڽһҹĿǰϣ
лܵͷ˵ãٶҪ졣
Ӫܼ޶˵һҵĻҪվһƷͺˡ
лڵ߲ǣȫ޶
ⲻϻ
ҪһƷֹֹסƣֱվ˲䱬ը
Щվ˲е
ؼ⼸ֻǰˡ
ѾкóʱûƳµƷˣԺƶƳˡ
ϾɱдС˵Ҫʱˡ
޶Ҷ״ʲô˼ڨڨһЦ˵Ҿ˵˵ѣҲ֪⼸ǲܵ顣
ʱлܵŽ˵лܣе绰
лü˵Сƣôˣƽʱ㶼֪Ȼ֮ұ档ôˣ
ЩС˵ԲлܡΪһСҡҲõȡϾϾ
С㣿лһʵĸС㣿
ԵũׯС㡣
棿лܴ󾪣Ǵϲ˷ܡ
ʲôأ
ĳ̶ֳ˵൱˽֪顣
ѵ⣿
죡Сƣھ͸Сص绰ȥõȡԻص绰ȥСƣȥɣúáл˵
ʲôڿᵱУиСص绰Ҫ
϶˽˸Լ绰һ⡣
л֪ܲԼʲô飿
ʲô飬л˷ܡ
ոջΪԼ˻£л˵֮󣬲ϲ֡
ӣûд»£˵Ĺӡ
ˣǲǻн
̵ţ˳ȥ
һڸ߲ǣԵũׯлܣҲȫʮ;ϲ
лܣǾлܡ
ʲô飬˷ܡ
лܾڻóԼֻͨԵũׯ칫ҵĵ绰
Եũׯ칫ҵĵ绰νǵʮ
ãʱ̳лܣС㡣
лܣãҾ㡣
С㣬ãոҡ
лܣġ



ڶǧʮ ݰ
лڴ绰һڸ߲ǣȫû˵
л˵Щʲô˳۲лܵıɫ
棿С˵ģ⡭ϲʵ̫ͻȻˣллС㡣ģģһṼ
лԽ˵Խ˷ܣԽ˵ԽǼ
˵绰֮ϵϲɫβס
û˵Ļһڸ߲Ǻȷлǻ̲סЦ
ӣﻹƽʱǸϳŵĶ³
һڸ߲ǲлΪʲô˷ܣ֪һǺ¡
ңйء
༭ܱ̲סʵлܣƺʲô˲õĴϲ·ˣ
лܹһЦ˵ǰϲ£ϲ£һִδйľϲ
лһ˵һڸ߲ҲĪ˷ܺͺ档
Ӫܼ޶Ȳѵʵлܣʲôϲ£ǣɱθˡ
лܿ޶Цܼ࣬Ҵ绰֮ǰ˵ʲôţ
޶һ㶣˵ʲôˣ
޶ûзӦȴǷӦˣ˼ĵͺһŵ˵лܣѵҪƳһµƷˣңѡʱ̳أ
һ˵޶Ӧ˹
֮ǰ˵ˣҪվһƷĻ
ʱҲΪǼǲܵ
ѵĳˣ
޶˼鿴лܡ
Ҳͬ˼Ŀлܣͬʱڴ
лܳ³һ֮˵ܱ˵ҪƳһµƷˡңѡʱվء
һڸ߲쵼鲻Խĵͺ
ԭΪܵ飬漣ķˡ
ʱվһµƷ
ʵ󣬵Ϣȥ֮ĺ䶯
ʱ̳ʱߣԻڼ̵ʱ֮ڣΪϾԵĽ㡣
ЩĶǣԻڵһʱе
˷ܣδй˷ܣ
һֽٺ˷ܣ
ϲ˵ʵ̫Ҳ̫ʱˡ
ӣʱ̳ĻԵˡ
Ʒһأݰ٣ͬ־硢ͬվᾡԳ
뵽֣лڵһڸ߲ǣβ
ڸ߲㲻ЩɻΪʲôͻȻ֮ҪƳһƷˣ
һԭ
Ҷ֪ƳʲôƷһԭġ
лЦ˵ȷԭġС˵
лܽԭ˵ˡ
һڸ߲ǻȻ
˵ȻĻһεƷпͬԵΪˣ
лܵͷ˵Ӧôˡûйϵ񡶹֡һȻǵȴҹƷû֮һĸΪҪҪǳ˭֣֮
ܵȻõʵҲãõЩһǿһ֮ǵĹΪһƷģ
޶˵ڵһЩҺԣƺЩˣ˭뵽ǹҵģ˭֮ʱѹˡ
˵ģⲿƷһЩһѵġˣлܣǺųƵǶ̨ΪʲôҪԶǻ
лЦΪһܹǵˣȫֻһˡ
Ŷ޶ʵлܣô˵
л̨ܵһҪƳģһưĶƬͬʱ򣬺ưƷóˣֻһˡ
ԭˣ
һȫЦһĻõȵεƷʼأֻҪϢЩһǾ͸ˡ
һ̨ܹҶûУקʲôק
ʵлܣƷ׼ʲôʱʼأ
лܵһ֮󡣡
ô죿
һ˶һ㶣пƷȻʲôƷٶȶǼ졣
л˵ԣǵ׼ʱֻһڡȻҲ㹻ˡΪǸҪȥ˵ˣʱᷢһ΢ûбõˡҪ׼ǽʱվķȫֱ߹񡣵ʱվᱬըҲϣ̱֡ѡʱߣǶǵΣǵҫǱҪȫԸ
õлܣסһͬʱ˵
һ֮飬޾ڴ



ڶǧʮ ֮ٴγ

̨һλҺƳһ̽ͶƬһ£Ѿ紫
ʲôܡ
Ҳ֪Ŀǰ̨ŬѰһλҺ
ԣǣԴ˷ǳڴ
Щϲ̽Ʒԡǣڴ
Ǽϲ̽ƷϲƷڶ̨Ҫ߽
ֻ룬ǼΪ˷ܡ
ʱ̹עĽչ
ȻµĽչϢʮֵľɥʧ
Ϣ̨ѰҺһϣ˺ܴѡ
Ҳ̽ͬʱóҡ
ұҲûҵ
ʵҲԺҡ
ôƻֻܱȡ
Ϣڴˣȫеʮ־ɥ
ҹûͬʱҲó̽ա
ϸ룬ûСЩңûͬʱó̽ġ
̨ļƻıȡɣ˵ڴȡˣ治֪һ飿
ʵҲԺңҲֻܱȡˡû취Ҫȷ̫ˡ
Ҫȷ̫ߣһȴԶԶܹ㡣ҲΨһһˡ
֪˵˭֮԰ɣ
϶֮̽С˵ҡϳǻ
Ƕ뵽ֵĸʺСڹƶٴƷˡ
ǺСҲȫûϣͿ̨᲻ȥˣ
˵ȥˡһˡӦƻֻܱȡ
ĳˣһ˷ܵķ衣ġ֡Ʒû֮һ
ҲǡζٿƷ
ǾΪ̨ɣԸһεĻԵ㹻


һڵǣҲ顣
̨һεҪ󣬱ǿоôܻó̽򣿡
ǣֲ˶һεҪҿֻһܹ㡣ֱȥͺˡ
ǺȥˡܲܳɹͲһˡ
ԸҪɹȻЩ˵Щңõ綪ˡ˵Լҵĵ̨ҪһҺȴҲһʵģֻȥ˺
ڰɣԷȫ֮Ƕ̨Ҳᶪ˰
ô˵Щ˿ɲ롣
˲Ҫˡ


ңǶʶܹȫﵽҪˣֻһˡ
Ӧ̨ļƻֻܱȡ
ûİ취
Ҳؼʱ̡
ԡǽšڴ
˼
̨˷Ӧ
ٷͬʱ繫һذϢ
̨ѾɺЭ飬֮һνٴγ֣һ̽
ңһ֮ͽʽʼء
뻪ҽͬء
صķʽ
Ϣһ˲䶯
ԡ˷ܵĲѡ
Ȼĳˣ
ȻĴӦˡ̨һθɵʵ̫Ưˡ
֮ٳ֡ڴΪһ֡͡һľ䣡
Ӧֱ̫ˣ˷ܡڴڵ顣
˷ܺͼǣһ֮ͽʽʼأ˵Ĵٶȣֻһˣ
֮ǰͶһεƷΪڴڣԳ֣ڴĳ̶ʮѾһҲûа취ӵĳ̶ȡ
Գ֣ڴ̶Ȼǳɱɱϼӡڴ̶ٸߣһʧ
̽͵ʵ̫ڴˣ

ԡ˷ܵ飬һҲͬ顣
ȻĴӦˡе⣬ΪٴƷء
Щ̨׿ʲôܹӦ
ԲǶ̨̨Уῴ֮ԻӦԭӦúܼ򵥣ǾȤ
ȷûҲãǿǷ֮ǰʵǷٴ֡ľ䣿֮ͷΣǷʵ
ĿԴɡһ֮Ϳʼˡò˵Ĵٶʵ̫ˣֻһˡ
˾




ڶǧʮ Ϣը
ǱѾϢ˺䶯
ߣʱ̳Ҳͨٷ繫Ϣ
ֻ蹫һ¾ͿˣҪȥ
ΪҲ΢ϹϢ
΢Ҫκʽ
ʱ̳Ȼ»ƣȻв١
ȻȫǶԡ
żҲעһʱ̳ٷϢƺƷҪ֮ġ
һΣʱ̳ٷϢ֮󲻾ãͱע⵽ˡ
µƷҪ
ǿٷϢʾ֮ġ
Щĵĵ㿪
ҷµƷһϡƽ顣
ԣġ
㿪֮
֮ٴγ֣ҪƳһµƷһ֮ʽ½ʱ̳£ʱվ
ţ
ɶ˼
ҿɶ
Ϊ㿪֮ǰģҵһۿȥʱ򣬲ûʲô쳣
һʱ򣬲ͻȻѡ
Ҹոտʲô֮ٴγ֣
Բۣ
ʶֵģɲҪƭҡ
æعͷȥͷ¿ʼ
һδˡ
ٴγ֣ҪƳһµƷ
Դһ¾ըˣ
ǾԵƽؾף
ٴγ֣ƳµƷһʲôĸ
е˷ܵ
ϢԴκģѾ׵ˡ
Ҳû뵽ĵĵ㿪ʱ̳¹ٷϢῴ˼Ϣ
ܶ˶ΪܲƳƷˡ
ʮźҲˡ
ȴ˭֪ڽ죬˾˵Ϣ
˺һ֮Щѹ
󣬼ֵܵߺȡ
ϢϢҪٴγ֣Ʒˣ
ըǧҪעˡҪƳµƷˣ

鼤ڴԣһ˲֮䱻ȼ飬˷硣
ֻǣǾ㵵ķ֣ϲûʲôӦʮƽ
ʲô
Щһûǲţ
Բۣûû˿ҸոշϢ𣿡
ûаû˿ҸոշϢ
ˣҲǸոշϢˡǡУǺ֮ǰĹˣòã
ǣھȻ档ͨ
ƳµƷôܣӦѾƳƷˡ
ԲۣԭǲšǰȷĹһȴġҷģ
ʲôãõĻ¾ûôˡ
ǡңڰիءÿһի£Ҫٶ졣ôܳµƷ
ˣô˵ǶˡԼȥɣʱ̳Ϣ
ʱ̳˵ĵԽԽôһ¶ˡ
ѾѹˣȥĻɱڡ

ܶȻţЩҲ룬ôĿȥƺеİ
ȥ
Ҳǵһӵʱ䡣
ȥˣ½ʱ̳
Ȼ
ԲۣȻġ
ըˣըˣҪ׵ıըˣ
꣡ոЩ˵ĵȷģҿȥʱ̳ķϢˡ
һЩȥˡ
Ȼ˷ܵϴ
꣡Ȼģ
һһģڣе˶ˡ
ʽը
ܶ˶˷ܵĲѡ
ȻҪٴγˡҽõϢ
һΪҲƷءź˺ܳһʱ䡣ڣܿƷˡ
ġ֡ҵû֮һڣΪ֮һˡΪƷҲؽҵ
ǿ϶֣һһ񡶹֡һƷ
ǿ϶ǾͲ֪ʲô͵ģӦòˡ
УΪʲôͻȻ֮ҪƳµƷˣӦԭġ
Ʒһ˵ԭġһӦҲ⡣ô׻ʲôԭأ

Ʒһͣ
ΪʲôҪƳһµƷ
еǶǹע
ܿ죬ԸǴ𰸡
΢ˡ
ϢУԼһ֮ʽƳһȫµƷ
Ʒִưġ
ң˵ƳⲿƷԭ
΢ӰΪ޴΢һ£𶯾Ͳˡ
ˣһ˴ǣýȵȣȫڵһʱ˹ע
˶Щ⣬ÿ췢ʹҰիأôͻȻҪƳµƷˡ
˵ԭ֮󣬲ŻȻ



ڶǧʮһ 
һ֪ԭ֮󣬺ܿˣĶ̨ΪʲôڹҺҪԶԼĹңĺ
϶Ϊ̨ڵڣҲԺҡ
֮⣬ĸһͬʱó̽
ԣҲֻһְã޷̨Ҫ
ȫ磬̨ܹˣֻһˡ
̨Ȼֻǰæˡ
ͨЩ֮һǺ˷ܡ
ҺǣЩ͡º˰ɣؼʱֻ̻ǵ֡
͸õЩһˡһγʱ򡣡
󲿷ֵҺԣ൱𾴺;ηġֻһЩΪԼˡЩˣǲˡ
һμȻǰ̨ǱߣӦҲԵΪˡûйϵ񡶹֡һʲôĲҪҪǳ֮֡
̽͵͵ƷʼĶͯʽܡ֮⣬û˰ɣⲿƷԻ͡ʽܡȫһӦһȺӵƷˡ
ģǸո˵֮⣬ûͬʱó̽һˣҲΨһһˡţȷе˵ĿǰΨһһˡԺҲֵڶˡҪָܹĸ߶ȡ
֪һιǵ趨ʲôӵģŵưꣿصꣿֻ
֪Ӧò꣬ҲǸɡ
ſɣһ֮𰸾ͽˡ


˷ۣܵһҲͬʮ˷ܡ
ٴγˡ
ǶƷڴ֮¡
Ϊ֮һٿúܶ˴Ӵ֮·
ÿһλҶԵ𾴺;η
ƷǾеľ䣬Ǵѧණ
ԣǼΪڴܹٴƷ
źǣѾкܳһʱûдˡ
һһΪԺܶᴴˡ
ʮźȴֻܽܡ
ȴ˭֪ϲڽͻȻ֣ٴγ֡
еȫǳ˷ܣ˷̶ܳȣ֮¡
ڣٴεȵˡң
ٳ֣͵Ʒˡһֻ̣һԡ
һԤУⲿƷֽǴѧǳĶ
ܹһμ֣ǵĸ˵һλӦøлһµĶ̨
Ըлһ£ҲǵһλԵ
һڵʱ䡣ʱЩɡ


ƷҪһ֮Żߡ
ʱվȴѾʼ
ع淢ȥã㿪ʼơ
֮ٶԽԽ졣
ʱ̳վģĹԱʱʱҪһ
˷ܣЩǣȥЩɷǷܹܵס
ȻѾѾʼֱ߹
һӵ֮Ҳڵһʱ俪ʼ׼
ǣȻǰ׼Уδʽʼ
ټȥеķЩܲסˡ
ϱ
ľʾ֮󣬾Էÿʱֱ֮󣬲Ž
ͬʱһ򹫲еķÿ˵ԭ򣬲ұʾǸ⡣
ˣҲԶƽʱƽҪ߳ࡣ
лڵʱ̳߲㣬ԼԱȫΪ˷ܡ
֪һû뵽ôͿʼˡ
ӣҪץøˡ
л´ԱͨӰࡣ
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ʱ̳Ա˷֮⣬һʱվƷǣҲͬΪ˷ܡ
ΪƷĸݣзȲͬ
вƷķܴ
Ȼҵ½ʱվĿģȥصĹ档
ܶڿ˹֮󣬲û˳վ˳Ƶ㿪һЩصƷ
ƷݣȻϲ˵ı仯
ҵƷСʱĵѾƽʱһڵĵˡֻΪһҪڱվƷĹٷϢվ¡Ӱֲ˹




ڶǧʮ ̽ϡ
ҵĸݱ仯ҲǳԡһѡʱߣҲ˰ң⻹ǽֻǿʼ
ȵƷʽ֮һʲôʵ˲󡣡
ڲȷˣѡʱƷǾԶȷľ
һڵʱ䣬Ҷ׼ɰɡ


ʱƷ˷ܣʱߵҪǣʱȴڲͣİ̾Ϣ
ʵ벻ףʱΪʲôõ˻Ե
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һζ̨Ҫʱ϶ҲǹҷУǵʱԿһ
ȻϲǿԿġƷؿ


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ԣԡȻѾ̽ˣӦòСʮҰɡҪ֪ʱпϣʹ֮Ҳͬǽпϰ
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֮ⲿƷƺЩĲѽ

ЩûʲôɱǾǲ²졣
ûʲôɱҪܹĶЩֵ֧˾Ϳˡ



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ҲûУ뵽ԼܵУҲͶһƼƱ֮ģҲԡ۵ȵȡ
ǻᶩƷ
㿪Ʒ֮ʲôҲҲһ
ԣԡ̽ϡʽʼ֮ʱվ󲿷ֵƷݶ˷ǳԵ
˵ԼƷ˷֮ܵһ
Ҿ֪ٴġٶȣȥϲˡ
һµĸѣҪһϡûб˸˵ˡ
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ÿӣͻ̲סҪȥˢһݡµı仯˲оԪ
лѡʱߡʱҸұ֤ЩվǣǾĽּʡ
ǿ϶ҹЩ߶뻻ףվˡ
ڹƻᡣʱԳһЩĻܹӡ
ˣǻǲҪˡҪԴ
˵е


˵ͬվߣǻĽ뼵ʡ
Բۣʱߵٴ󲿷Ʒݣ˴ȵʵĽ
Ϊʲôѡʱ߰ǲѡվ
ʱЩƷٶȣȥ̫ϲˡҶȥʱ߿Ʒˮˡ
Ҳ뷨Ǹʱ;ھһƷÿ춼оʮƣ㲡ﻹȥʱ¿Ʒ
ǰƷС˵˫˵ġ
ԣֻЩĽ뼵ˣ
ǵģֻ
ðɡ
ǺĽ
׿ЩĽأʵҲʮ˷ܵġ
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ʮ˷ܣȫϣⲿ̽ϡܹóһЩ
ԽԽá
ʱܹһ꣬ʵ̫ˬˣ


ͬ˷ܡ
֮վ֮һ־ǷͬСɡ
̽ϡȻһ̽ưƷֵýĵطȻǳࡣ
ڹһͿϣһˣȴƫƫͬɫԶȫԽ͵Ʒȥ
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Ʒÿ֮ǰôϲ̽Ʒڶ׵ϲⲿƷҹЩǣͲ
ⲻϻǺ֮֮ĲࡣȻ֮Ҳкܶңǳֻǲܺȶѡ
֮ǰҲϲ̽Ʒڿˡ̽ϡ֮ͻȻ̽ƷȤˡ̽ƷЩȥ
̽Ʒܶ࣬Ǿ䡣ƼǹΪһ̽ƷX
ǹΪ̽Ʒ
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šȻԻƴΪġ̽ʽܡԼΪġĦ˹̽ƷӦ֪ɣ
ţ֪ʽܺ͸Ħ˹λ̽
ţȻͬԻŴΪġ졷̹١ȣҲ൱ľ䡣ЩƷ㹻㿴þúþˡ
ãлл㣬





ڶǧʮ Сɵ̽
̨ĸ߲ǣڡ̽ϡʼ֮ĵһʱ䣬˶ıƻ
ǱҪƳôһƬȥġ
ʮֵ˷ܣ֣Ȼÿһζʮֵľޡ
һ̽ƷȻ˵ԶҲʮֵľʡ
Ʒ֮ǰƷ
ڶԶƬ뷢Уżġ
ʯɽһһ̤ǰó̡
һȥлġ
ͨ绰ʾлΪȥʥ壬ʾлг⡣

ǻԣǵԣȫۡ̽ϡڡ
һ˵ϣǴ۵Ľ㡣
˿֮⣬۵ëë֣ëСɡ
ëСƺһЩͿ̽̽ûʲôš
ôëСɵ̽ĺܲ
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ΪëСɵ̽ĺܲĿǰĺܲ
Ȼ˵ĺܲЩˣĺһ㡣
ҲΪëСɵ̽ʵȻȲ˿ϣӦҲһϸ̽
ȻΪʲôһʱ򣬿ϸЩʾëСɶܺܿ췴Ӧ
̽ĺܲĻۿôʾӦöװʾ˼ɡ
Ȼһֹ۵㣬ڶû̫ǿ˵
Ϊ̫ˡ
һȷǾëСһǳҪ
ҲһЩЦ
ҲʿΪ׼˼Աĺᣬֱܹ˲䵯ƤԼܹ߳ǿЬȡ
УԱĺᣬÿģκ˵
ڽһУëСɣëСϣʳ˯״̬
ȻͨᣬģëСɵҲɹҳ֡
֮ÿһ϶編ƣͨëСɣȻģëСɵĽ
Ȼ˿Լ֮⣬û֪ࡣ
ȫΪëСɽġ
ɹİԽԽ࣬ëСɽΪһ̽
ΪëСÿĹУһ˯ģ
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Ϊÿһο϶ڽ׵Ū֮󣬲ŻëСɳ˯ԼģëСɵľַȵȡ
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ȻͬѧĹУһͬѧǹɱˡ
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仰һеԶ˲оԭëСҲ˵˧
ȫëСԼİ
Ե֤ëСɵ̽ʵ
ֻǣһûʲôϵİƺò̽ǷǳĺͿ
ƺֻϵİУܹ棬Żӵгɫ
ʵЩĪκΡ



ڶǧʮ ɷ
ˣ˵ëСųɫ̽
ϣЩ֮ǰΪëС̽ˣʱ˷ˡ
ôҾ˵ɣëСҲǷǳġңëСӣͦ˧ġ
ȷˡëСƽʱҪôͿҪôЦ治֪ӣ˧
ϧǣëСɵ˳ɫʱ䣬ʵ̫ˡֻصˣŻˡ
⵹ǹϵ󡣱ϾϲӻҪȥƵġֻҪܹȷëСɵʵҲǷǳһ㹻ˡ
˵ҲǡںİУëСɻлᣬΪչʾġ
ǿ϶ģڴëٴξʵıݡ


ʥ塣
ǹëСۣ̽ʮͬ
ëСɵڴ£ǳԺҲпգҪϵʾͰʾ뵽ؼϡ
漰ԼѺİʱһ̬չֳǳЩʱܱȿϻҪ翴ࡣ
磬ڡɷˮƽϵıУëСɾͱֳÿ϶̾
Ȼ٣Ҳ֤ëСɲһλͿ̽
ëСҲΪ̽ϡⲿƷɫ١
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ÿ춼أƷгֵÿһᱻǽֵϰ졣
Щͬȴֶʮ־ʣеǣȫղܡ
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ûãĵȵˡ
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˵֮ǰͬѧɱ¼Ծ˵һ㡣
ôټһεİܹ˵ˡ
ϲëСɵǣȫΪϲ



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ʵһ֤ëСɵǳңÿʱëСɶ˵һȻ𾴵Ļҷǳϲɫ
Ҳϲ˿֮⣬ϲľëСˡ
ëСɿ϶бµġȻӢôƯʦôܻ޸
ԽԽϲⲿƷˡ

˿ϺëС֮⣬һЩĽɫҲ𾭳ἰ
磬ëҲʿĿĺ١һ꼶Сľ԰ӵȵȡ
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϶ǻֵġĵĵȴ
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ڶǧʮһ һҰɽ
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ͬʱҲڴиĸĽɫ֡
ʥ塣
ǵϣҲ˽⡣
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ԭƽΡྮһȵȡ
ЩҲǲ͵ġ
ǻһһǳġ
̽ϡԼիÿ춼׼ʱء
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ԵռʵҲҰɽΣ١
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ֺȨǣʾл
󣬱ǽֽĵȴˡ



ڶǧʮ ѾѼ
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Ȼֻȥ˲Сʱʱ䣬͸˵绰
绰УʾѾΪҵ50ϵҰɽˡ
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˵ˣݶ50ϡƷڻ֪Ӧò
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ԽԽǸп˵Ҫ100ϰƷʿҲǳмҪüʮ򰡣
ֺȨͷ˵50򡣡
־Ҳͷһ꣬Сķ£һ꣬ϸ֮Ǹп˵һ͸ոһࡣһ꣬ǰɽҰɽԴ˷ḻ
ֺȨͿô˵ˡԴķḻͨ˵ֻҲҵôͨ˵Դʮϡ١
־⵹ҲǡȲˡ֣ͽҰɽȥɡ
ֺȨãҲǴ⡣

㽭ҽҽ
ֺȨ֮˼еҪһҰɽΣȻҪҩ
ϸ׼ҪһζҩζҩҪһʮҩģǾ50ϵҰɽΡ
ֺȨ־ҰɽΣҴҸϵڵҽݣ
ҵҰɽˣ鷳㿴һֺȨ˵
ŶҵˣҲʮϲ˵øҿ
áֺȨװҰɽεĺӵݸ
˫ֽӹ򿪡
ֻһۣ̲סĵͺһ
Сһ꣬ϸϸ쿴֮󣬻һֿ꣬˺þá
֮˵ҰɽǴӺδģ
ֺȨίҵһλѣҲʶȻȥԵũׯʥɽϲɵõġ
Ŷͷ˵ڳʥ壬֪Եũׯִ档ǰɽϲժ˵ҰɽΣǲΪˡ
ֺȨҰɽοɴﵽҩ׼
ͷ˵ֹǴﵽˣѾԶԶˡҰɽΣһݳ100꣬һǳ120ꡣңƷʶϵȡҰɽΣңҲкóһʱûмˡ
ֺȨһ˵ȻˡҸҩͰˡ
ģһҰɽΣҩЧ֮ǰԤҪáҰɽֻҪһ͹ˡʣһ꣬պá
ֺȨõģлл
ʾֺȨؿָ֮̾ʥɽһõط
ֺȨȷһõطȼҸ念֮Ҵȥһʥ塣һʾлʥԵũׯĴ£ȥ
Ŷ˼һ˵Ļϣͬȥ
ŶҲҪȥ
ţҲȥ
ãҷǳͬС
ҲǳͬС



ڶǧʮ 
֮
ʥ塣
ӵֺȨĵ绰
֣Ҫ𣿡аʲôʱɣǹɡ
˵绰֮ҵ֣࣬˵֣ҪȥС˵һ
֣ʵĸ֣ϴҰɽεǸ𣿡
ͷ˵ţ⻹һ־Լһλ㽭ҽһ
֣ɣȥСڸ

֣ࡢϪˮҵ
һݵϣһβͲݣµĿϪˮοз
˵ֺȨҪ֮󣬵˵ͷ˵ɣʱҺͶһȥӭǡ
ãʱǽ㡣
ͷ
֣֮ࡢҲڲݵֵģΪˡ
Ϫˮߣʱʱ磬ŵʪеĻ㣬ʮֵ
һõط
οҲǳϲطǴźο͡
дƬƬƽ̹ĲݵأݵҰޣȺĺڻ׷衣
ڲݵ׷޾ʮֵĻ졣
ҳϲԼĺ˻ʱ
ԣÿĩʱĶΪ֣Ⱥĺ׷֡
ϲ޾֡
Զʱм
һܣһŻ壬ֻʣһɫ壬һŵӣһ˵װࡣ
ǻȻǰϪˮķ羰ݵءҰ׷Ϸĺӣ˵ȶȡ
Ƕú档
վźüڿƺҲûӰ졣
֣ࡢҲע⵽˼ˡ
֣ЦǼ˻Σ
̫СƵΪרҵӦûС
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żķ߹ȥ
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ᣬٳֻǵͷʾ⡣
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ȴǿʼü
֣ࡢվһ󣬳˵Ļ忴ȥ
У˵ҲҪ̫ˡ
Ȼֱַվ⼸˵˿ҲС
ó˵ȷרҵѧģֻǻ򻹱Ƚɬ㹻ĳɳռ䡣
֣ࡢ˲۹ȴ㹻ҲܹˣĿǰһʲôˮƽ״̬
˿֮뿪
һˣ֪Ϊλһͷǡÿ֣ࡢվ
֮ǰûе֣ࡢˣȴýϼˡ
ټʥ壬ûýϼˣҲܹµ˵ݡ
ԣһ֮󣬺Щ˷ܵ˵ʿ֣Ϻϣ
ΪȽϼ˵С༸ˣԼˣˡ
֪֣ࡢ˹ˣԲ⡣
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ҲͬЦ治Ҽ
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༸Ҳ׷׳һηǳѵõĻᣬ֣ࡢԸһǻǳ
⡭
еΣ֣ࡢʵǲܾ̾ǶһóĻֻƤëڼ˵ûжô
飬ýˡ
֣ࡢ˿˿Ȼû˵֪ܹǵ˼
ЦЦ˵ͷ
֣һЦԼ˵Ҷ֪ҺһϣóǵĵԼλ˵ûʲôôԣСѸҵһ°ɡ
֣Ļһǲû̫ھȣΪѾµݡ
ֻǺ˷ܡ
ҪȻǿȻʮ˷ܡ
ȴǳ׵Ĵסˡ
֮ǰϳ֣֮Ϊ˷ܣûȥ룬֣ࡢһ˻˭
ڣ֪ˡ
˺һƬּ֮ΪաʵӦòµģʥ壬֣ࡢһˣ֮⣬˭
ڰ֮󣬾ǰδе˷ܵļˡ
黭һˣ鷨ǻ滭ﵽɲľ硣
˵ǵ¾һ䣬пܻǳ
ڣҪǵƷǵ˷뼤ֱ޷



ڶǧʮ Ϊ
ЦЦߵĵһ˵Ļǰ˵һ֧ʡ
˸Ͻ΢һ˫ֽһ֧ʵݸʮּ˵
ʱ⼸ˣԼοȫΧ˻Χ
ÿһ˵϶˷ܺڴı顣
ֽӹ˵лл˵Ļϼ𣿡
һ˲Ӽ˷ܶôܻ⣿
˵ҡ
ЦЦ˵ĻҲ㲻ˣмҪעһ¡һ
ڵ⣬һһָ
ָĹУЩʱ˳˵Ļһʡ
ÿһʣˣλοͣᾪĽ۾ɴһ֡
ΪһһʣȻԭƺ
֮ǰҶΪԭʵѾܲˣ⾳
ǣļ֮󣬴Ҳʶԭƺô
ٿԸĽĵطкܶࡣ
ʣһ֮ı仯ֳǾԲŵġ
֣ࡢˣЩ˼顣
Ϊʲô
ԭֻһǾľʵ̫ˡ
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ԵĻΪ棡
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еģֻ޾ĸп
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֮Уƺץסĳ֣ҲץסĶ
ʵ̫ˡ
Уԭͨͨһ֮󣬲ͨ
Ҫǣԭ޼ֵĻʱѾֵǳ
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Ȼζ׼ˣֺαȥʲô۸أ
򻭵οʮźĴһ͵ļ۸񣬽
֮󣬴ͨòͨһĹ̡
һ̣ʹһַǳ壬ղؼֵܸߡ
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ôڵǵĻʱӦҲ˰ɣ
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ͬҪһ֧ʡ
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ԽԽ˸ο͵ע⡣
ģΧοͣѾΧ㣬㡣
ĵ΢һµб£ڵλǡڸߵ㡣
ȻΧο͸
ڵ۾˵ĻĹУҲͬ˼ʡ
ȻҲǰһһ˵ĸоȫͬˣͻȻһ
ǻΪļʡ
еοǶۼһḶ́ȫ˼ĵͺ
ʵǲţʣȻ˵ħ
õĲǻʣʰɡ
οԽԽ˷ܣ齫ΪԺ̸ʡ
ʵǷǳˡ
һ߿һСۡ
⼸ˣҲʵ̫˰ɡǵĻôһģֵ˲ͱüˡĽּʰ
ɲǡңĵȻǳȻһλԵ
˵ʲô飬ǺҪġ⼸һھôһԺܹȡõĳɼпܻ֮ǰߵöࡣ
ŵǻʣܹΪ
ֻ˵ڻ滭裬ʵ̫ɲˡ
ֱ̾Ϊֹʥ壬ʵֵ̫ˡ
ȷ̾Ϊֹ




ڶǧʮ ź
οǵп֮Уν˵Ļȫһ顣
ÿһ˵Ļ϶˼ʣÿһԭʮͨĻȫòͨ
ֳο۵һһΣûʻΪʱ̣޲еʮֵ˷ܺ㡣
֮֣ࡢ뿪
أȻֵˣֳοȴû뿪
Ŀ뿪ּ֮Ÿո顣
ܶοͻ鹲ϡ
ʵ̫ˡȻۼһ֧ССʻΪ顣ʵ̫ˡ
ҲˣصʥϪˮߵĲݵϡʱڸո֮ǰ
õĸͲͨıʣһ֧ıʡֱ̫˼ˡ

йص飬ϵĴٶȣһǼġ
һȻҲ⡣
ڼٴ֮£˶ˡ
Բۣʲô飿˵ʲôΪ棿ʲôͨʣıʵģ
ǣֳѣ鷳˵ܲѺã֪𣿡
ǣϽ˵ԽϸԽáʲô˼飿

ֳЩϵοǣҪľЧ
ҪľϵˣȲĴߴǸϽ˵
һԽкУҲһװƳɹˬо
һĸо֮ǲſʼ齲
ȫ֮ϵ֪ˣ׷ʲô顣
ǣ֪֮ǸЩץ񣬻粻֪ء
ΪҪۿŹ񫡣
ԼֻܹͨԼȥ룬ӵļʣԭʲôӵģ˼֮ʲôӵģ
ЩȫֻܿԼȥ
ƫƫֻó
û
ԣ֪ϸ֮ϵ˷ץˡ
Լ޷󰡣̫ˡ
ֳǣ鷳ĸմǿ˼֮Ļʲôӵģʵ̫ͺˡ
ԶԶԣֳǣ鷳ĸաȻ֮ǰĻˣܹ֮ĻҲ㲻ˡңǻԸǣЩطӵѽ
ǰ鷳ֳˡ

ֳοʱˣЩһһԽżԽкУԽǿҡ
Уչϣָطȥġ
ϵЩһҲֻܿĽ
ĵطĹ̡ۼ֤淢Ḷ́Ǿ䣬˸е˼顣
̣ϵЩһǣҲܿˡ
ֻĽ
ֳοǣȻҲԸѽøϵ˿
ɣɣǿ˽֮һԹ̸ӵĺ棬ӵܡ
뿴԰ǿԸոǿǰǼˣԸգϴϡȥоӦûͬġ
úúã鷳ˡ˲Ը⣬˵һǡǾֻǺҪûʲô뷨
Ҹոʹˡ˼ͬղҴϡҲѾĺˣһǿɡ
úãллǿ

һ֮£ֳο˵ˡ
ϵڿ֮ĶʵĹ̸Ǻˡ
ǿõһһʻΪḶ́һʮֵľʣһǳˬ
ϧζˡ
źֻ˵һ־޴ź
ˣ⼸ҪĻҪһ۸˽ºúõ
ҲҪһ鷳ֳѰæһ»ˣǻ𣿡
кܶˣȻҲܿǼͼֵ
ղؼֵֵռ䣬ǳĴ
ܹһǼ۸һЩֻҪԼĳܷΧ֮ڣҪ
ֻϧǵԸ޷ʵ֡
ðʣ֪ˡǲҪˡ˼Ҽ˶ԸֳҲ򣬻˵۸˼ҶȻҲ⣬⼸˵мΪش塣˼ôܻ
ģҿ֤ʵԣǾʹͷɡ

򻭵˵õĴ𰸣ʵҲе⡣
ȻҲóԼ˵жôش
Ѿµ˲
ֻһ£ҲΪԺź
ڣԹˣҲ֪ˡ
ֻ˵һ൱źط
źźһ飬һǷǳ˷ܵģ۸ͣ



ڶǧʮ ⳵
֣ࡢ뿪Ϫˮ
֣ոտСӶʣоЩ档СԽԽز¶ˡ
Ҳʲô
һε飬ǶѾϴˡҪһˡ
һЦ˵ȥ۰ɡ

֮10㡣
֣ࡢ˵Ժǰ˵㽭Ǳ߹ֺȨ־˾Ҫˡ
Ժ߳˵߰ɡ
Ҫ֣ࡢһȥӭӡ

ֺȨ־ˣһ⳵ϣҪʥˡ
⣬Կĳǳࡣ
г⳵Ҳ˽ҳ
΢Щ˵ĳȻ֮󣿡
⳵ʦЦ˵λǵһɣ
˵ǵģʦǵȷǵһȻ֪ʥԵũׯǳҲû뵽ôⶼĳˡ
ʦ˵⻹ǳʱ򡣳ʱ򣬱ڻҪöࡣԵũׯȫһĴڡ
ֺȨ־˵ͷʦ˵ȫͬ⡣
һĴڣôܻȫΪ֮ҲС
ֺȨ˵ʦ𣿡
ʦЦÿ춼ҪܡܺܶΡԵũׯ֮سǵĳ⳵ʮȫΪߵĳ˿ҲǳԸߡ;سˡܶǮ
һп
֮־˵ʦȻ㾭ߣԵũׯ˵еĻׯޣ˵ȷв˶Ӧġ
ʦȻİҶۼһΡ
Ŷ˲˼Ȥ˵ʦϸĺ˵˵𣿡
ʦЩ˷ܵ˵԰֪лׯޣ֪мׯޣֱʲô𣿡
־ǲֻ̫˵ƺдХ졢ͷЩ
ʦЩУܴɵơɵǴ֡ǿûУǶǽдޣ;޴ޱȡ˵жʮ׳ûۼҲ˵ģ϶ġۼĻׯХ죬ǵޡͬ޴ޱȣչٳʮףǷڸ߿գҲһּǿѹȸС
չʮףǵ׸һʲôĿ
ֺȨ־˾㵡
Ȼڻׯ޵Ĵ˵Ҳ֪ׯ޶Ȼûһλ׼ߣĸ
ʦЦǳȣǰɣܶһ˵ˣš˵˺ܶˣҲšΨۼ֮󣬲Ÿš
־ȷšʦ㻹û˵ʲô£Хء
ʦãҼ˵ǶǺü֮ǰˡ죬Ҳͼλߡ˴׼ͣʱ򣬺ȻдһĵХ
ʱһûзӦʲôȻܵοͷ󾪺ֿ֮οȫ̧ͷ죬óֻաʶʲôæһŲɲɲƿ³ȻͷϿǼλ˵ȻҲһġ
һ̧ͷͿһȻڸ߿зɹʱĸ߶ȻܸߣȻܹ˸еǿѹȸС
˵Х֮ԻһΪһȺ֮뵽ũׯ͵ʳֻϧûп֮͵ӰӦХһЩһˡ
˵һҲв֮뵽ũׯ͵ʳХ֮ЩһﾹȻߡ
ХˣĻɱһһʣµļһǲŵĶӡХҲûȥ׷ɱǸ߹ģ϶ǲмЩһֵġЩһʵڲߣŲòֽѵһ¡
ԽԽǾ棬Ǹоʦ˵ģӦȫġ
Ƕڻׯ޵Ĵ˵
־˵ʦԵũׯĻׯޣ˴Х졢ͷ֮⣬Щ֪𣿡
ʦ˵֪ÿһλʥĳ˿ͶЩ綼Ѿˡ



ڶǧʮ 
־һϲ˵ǻʦ˵˵
ʦãҸ˵˵˴Х졢ͷ֮⣬б޴׷ƣС׷ƣ޻ڣް죬⻹ӦǺɳģ˼٣Ҳֻ̫֪ӥޡ
־ֺȨЩ죬Ȼôޡ
ʦǳ˼ɣÿһ˶˸п
ֺȨȷǲ˼顣ʦڰɽӦҲȽ˽ɣ
ʦȷе˵Ƕ԰ɽ˿ŵȽ˽⡣ɽȥΣ羰Ҫƺ
ֺȨɽƺĴ֪ġ˶˿ŵĵط֮⣬ɽĵطʦ˽𣿡
ʦͲ˽ˡɽȺɽ಻ܶط˼û˸ȥ㡣ʥҲĹ涨ˣǿֹ˽롣򣬺ԸΨһ԰ɽ˽ˣӦֻһˡ
ֺȨɽǿΣ𣿡
ʦȻǳΣա˵ׯǻᰵбǵİȫҲֻ˵û˵Ȼģ϶˵Ȼǻв˶ȥǿ̽աԣһ˵û˸ȥǿ򣬲ȥðղǡ
ֺȨԭлл㣬ʦ
ʦǸòȥɽķǿɣȰûǲҪȥǿɶѾˡ
ֺȨһЦ˵лл㣬ʦǾǵһǳ棬һЩʥѡȥǿġ
ʦͺáˣǰϾҪˡ³׼ʲôˡ
Ҫ𣿺õģлл㣬ʦ


֣ࡢѾ˴ڡ
һ⳵ˣɫһϲ˵ˡ
󣬿첽ӭˡ
֣Ҳ漴ϡ
֡ǿˡЦ
鲻Ҳʶġ
ʱ򣬾ܽ鲻Ҳˡ
ֺȨ־Щ죬ЩûмˣԽԽˣ
ֺȨϸţԽԽ˰
Ц˵ʥ鱦أ˶ԽԽᡣҸǽһ¡ţԣӦøǽǲŶԡǵӦ֪ˡ
ֺȨͷߵǰʩһ֮˵Ұɽ֮ĳ
ˡҰɽΰˡ
ֺȨҰɽζĳ˵ɾ̫ˡ
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֣Цˡ
֮־ֱַ֣
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ԽǴԽǸп
ֻǴ˾Ѿɽ˺ˡзǳס
֮ߣеĻҪҲѹһ·ϵĳ֮ˡ
ڴλô˺þ֮һ˲߽ӡ
һ·ϣֺȨ־˵ĸпûͣ
һλһһ·ϲֺͣȨ־˽ܡ
·һũׯʱЦ֣Ҳǳϲ㡣벻սһ㣿
ֺȨǺ⣿ս㣿ѵ㲻׵
ǲ׵Ƿǳ׵
ֺȨ٣
ǳࡣ
ֺȨѵҲжѵɣ˵׻㼼С
֣㿴ô࣬ǲǻרҵʿ
ֺȨͷ⻰ǲм˴װܹó˼רҵġ
ܺá֣ȥǼλרҵ֣ǽ˶೤ʱˣֵ˶ˣ
ֺȨȥʣ
㲻ǳѵĻʡ
ֺȨƬ̣˵ɣȥʡ
˵ֺ֮ȨǼλרҵʿȥ
־ʵ˵ôѵ
Цֻ֪֮ˡ
ֺȨܿͻˣѾʹ塢רҵĵʿ
־ʵ֣ô
ֺȨεҡͷ˵ǶࡢСʱˡֻһ˵һ㡣༸ȫûпš
Цܸ֡˰ɣ
־Ȼ˵Ȼѵ
ֺȨͷ˵ĿǰƺȷѵǵԼ֮󣬲ȷǽ㣬Σ
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ǾǴѧĵѧϾҪҵˡһεıҵᣬĿڴѧУѧΪ֯ᣬѾ׼һˣŲôʧ
ڴڴǸˣҲڸϴѧ飬ѾҵˡһεḮϴѧҲҪμӡһڴŸϴѧĽĿܹȡһĳɼءǲ֪Ŀʲô
ãڱʡĴѧþӦ֧˭Ҿ;ˡˣȻħͨѧ顣һεıҵᣬϵϴѧħͨѧҪμӡôӦ֧ѧУ
ȷѡңѡּ֧ѧУȻҲѧУͬʱ֧֡
µ׾Увڵʱ䡣ʱƺҪֱģǵȷԿһ¡Ҳý˻ᣬһѾԶУ԰ʱ⣬ԼҲزȥഺ
У԰ʱഺȷҲزȥˡһ룬˾Щ˸С




ڶǧٰʮ ˷
Ǵѧ
˴αҵѧҪ𣬽γԼܡ
Эĸҵɣ˵ЭԸһ׸αҵݳԴ͸ЩڱҵѾҵѧǡ
ɴϲæĸһʲôĸ
ĸʾȥʥ壬Գִһ׸
֮󣬸Ǿϲѣʮ˷ܡ
ԸԳ֡
ôǴѧһαҵӰɽ֮ǰ̫̫ࡣ
ڵĹעȻͣҲ߲ȥ
Գ֣Ϊαҵᴴһ׸ϢһעȽ˲Ϊ͸ýעĽ㡣
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ɷǳڴĵĸϢ
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Ҳ֪ôˣûн룿
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һ㣬ĸ绰ˡ
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绰ĸЦһ˵ƺǼа
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ĸӦˡϲΣһαҵӰἫȵ
ɹЦ˵᳤ˡҲҪл᳤ǰʥһˡ
ĸοˡ
ֵôǲǾѾʽ繫Ϣˣʵ˵ѾǳȲˡ
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׸ҲǹЭᣬ͸ЩڱҵѧѾҵѧġ
Ҫܹ֪顣
ɽĸ֮ͨ绰֪ͨ˾Ǵѧѧϯܡ
֪ͨҪԱᣬһǳҪҪ֪ͨ
ܴӦһ
Сʱ֮󣬳ɵİ칫
ڵģҪԱȫ롣
˵֮ôİѴһǳҪҪߴҡ
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棿ɸ˵һڸ˾ͱú˷ܡ
ЭԴһ׸ɻӴӰЭһ׸ܹһǸݳĻǾ͸ˣӰֻһЩ
Ӱõһڸ顣Ҳ뾡һеİ취Ӱõ
ɿҵķӦ֮Цˣ˵ȲҪŸˣһû˵ꡣ֪Эһεĸ˭֮𣿡

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Цʽ֮֡Ѿ˹Э᳤ĸ롣ҪΪһεıҵᴴһ׸
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ܺһڸȫ鲻Խģ˷ܵĴһ
ǿΪһεıҵᴴ⽫һϵҫ
ҪȵĸʽݳֻһϢȥĺ䶯ˡ
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Ϊڳ˷ܣ˷ܣѾ޷ȥˡ
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ʵϣԼҲͬǳ˷ܡ
һ˵ԣҽҪǽ߾ȫȥáΪʱпҲעпܻտֱǱҪ߾ȫá
ǣΣܺһڸ˷ǳܵش
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ڶǧٰʮ עϹע
ҵĸɾǰδе㣬Ҳǳˣһӣ˵ˣҪ˵飬æȥɡסܻԹעһεᣬҪ߾ȫá
һڸ˺ȻӦ
˵ܣ繫ɡ
˷ܵõģΡϢһһĹעȣἱ
Цȷˡ
ܺһڸ߳칫ңȻԵʮ˷ܡ
ֻҪϢȥǾҲΪͷˣֻҪרע᱾ĸͿˡ

Ǵѧѧٷ繫һϢ
Ҫ˵Ǵѧһξٰҵᣬõ˹ЭĴ֧֣ɹЭ᳤ĸֵһԳ֣Ϊһεıҵᴴһ׸ӭҶԱйע
Ǵѧѧٷ˵ûʲôӰ
ĹٷϢҲĹע
һעǸ⣬ΪһεϢйء
տʼûʲôƽעֻʱġ
ԲۣļٵģȻҪԳִһ׸裿ܿеһ˿Ϣ
һԲۣ˸е˼֮⣬жϢٵĻɡ
Ǹ֪ȻǾǴѧٷϢͲм١
ֱü˷ܡ
ͽֻǿʼ˿ʼϢڼ̵ʱ֮ڣʹ硣
һе˼ġԲۡȫ䴫
ܶǲעһξǴѧʲôҵģһѧУٰʲôֵùעģ
ڲһˡ
ԭעˣʱȫ÷ǳ˷ܡ
עϹע˭˵ǲעˣ
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ǴѧεıҵٰĺãһֱڹעϣܹȡԲɹ
ף㡣Ҽǵ㣬ȷһֱڹעҼǵþڽ磬㲻˵Ųעһѧٰ𣿡
һǿˣǲңҴû˵עҪעҶһεǳġ
Գִʵ̫ˡ˵һΪʲô֣
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ҵȻˡҵ˼ǣ֮Իѡ֣ΪǴѧٰ鱾ȤûȤĻǹЭ᳤Գ棬ֻҲδܹ֡
⵹ҲǡҪԳֵĻһεͱʮֲͬˡ
֮ǰ˵˰ɣҵֵùעġĪȼ֮
һθԺУ֮һβPKʡĸϴѧҲҪμӡ룬ϴѧεĽĿòĸɣ
ӦòǡǵĻѧУ̫ƽˡô˭ɵùĸӦǵڵģκһѧУͷϡ
˵ھͿ¸ˣʵڴ
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Ȼǹڱҵᣬǿ϶У԰йء˵ġͯ꡷Ƿǳʺϡһο϶һ¸衣
ӦУ԰йصġʲô͵ĸ裬ֻĸ裬ǾһǾ䡣µףֽһ׾䡣
ǵȻڵʱ䣬һ𵹼ʱ


Ǻ˷ܣһýҲͬ˷ܣйſԱˡ
һʱ֮䣬ýر̳¯
ٳ֣ΪǴѧڱµ׾ٰıҵᴴһ׸
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̡ɽˡ֮ٳ¸衣һε¸轫ʲôͣ𰸽ڱµ׽




ڶǧٰʮ ȥץһλԵ
ϴѧ
ϴѧһѧУ֮һ
ȥμѧǣڵ֪ҪΪᴴһ׸Ϣ֮ԵñѧУѧǸ˷ܡ
ΪҲǸʡˡһμȻҪԴһ׸裬ǲǿΪǸϴѧĽĿ
˭ݳûйϵֻҪΪǸϴѧĽĿС
һĻõһԾͰ϶ˡ
˷ܡ
ϧֻѡ
ѧϯл˵ˣҾͲҪˡĸΪѧУĽĿĻѧУ˵ɾ̫ƽˡ϶ǲеġץʱԼĽĿҪġ
ϧˡѧʵҲ֪϶ǲеģǻǾÿϧ
һɵѧ˵л˵һεĸύ˭ݳ
лͲ֪ˡµҵ֣ϵһ߾Ǹ֣пܡͿ˭Եˡ
ɵһλ᲻⣿
Ŷлʲô⣿
ɵ˵һλ᲻һУ԰ȥݳϾһεǱҵҲ˵ˣһεĸ͸ЩڱҵѾҵѧǵġôһУ԰ȥݳƺǺܺʵġ
лô˵Ҳȷпܡɣ㵽˵ʲô
ɺٺһЦ˵ѧУҲһλУ԰ǿȥëԼ׸ѧУĸݳĻѧУһκʽΪ¶Ȼ׸費ѧУĲսĿڵĽĿǵüʵѧУĸݳĻ㲻սĿһģҪ
л۾һ˵ƺȷУٿԳһ¡
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лãȥ

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ȻųţڸϴѧʽΪ˸ϴѧУ԰֡
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⵱ȻȷѡҪΪְҵֲףҲδػȷѡ
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̷ܵǲһһ¸裬ǵһ档ңңĲҡǿĸ裬ĸҳ
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һУ԰־Ȼ˻Ե
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ڶǧٰʮ ڵ630һ
̷ܣһʱ֮Ϊ˸ý塢ѣиǹעĽ㡣
һԵУ԰֣ȴܹͻȻ֮ΪעĽ㡣
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¸ݳѾȷϴѧУ԰̷ܳΪ˶
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̷֮룡

ҷ֮ģϹ˱һͨ
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ȻǷ²⣬Ҳ
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Ĺǿ϶ҪЩϹ˱ĸˡ
ǣϴѧӿ˴ýߡ
лɶ˿̷ܣ˸пǸп
л̷ܣ߯ǳɴ˰һļ߿ɶġܶǶû
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ɵֻʱģҲ˰ܹܼǴ߯ĵԸȥ
̷ܺٺЦɡлҪллǵʱȰ˵ȥȻһľ
ллͲˡʱϣúý׸質þˡ
̷ܵǿ϶ġĸ裬ʱ˶עа
ɵˣǣЩߵ˺ܾˡӦóȥˡȻǻΪ㻹ûΪأͿʼˣˡ
̷ܵеš
лȥȥȥϽȥ̶Ⱦͽˣʱϼ߸࣬㲻ǽŵ趼ˣ
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лɶͬʱȥɡ
̷ܳȥ֮󣬶ָпСҪΪˡӰҲʵֲ̫ˡ

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ǾǽμӴ˴ξǴѧģԺУĴǡ
һθԺУ֮䣬ʵвPKġ̷ݳĸȻǸϴѧĽĿ
ǣ̷ȴŸϴѧ̷һŸϴѧΪ㡣
ԺУ˵ƽ
ԺУĴǿνΪơ
̷ܵĸΪѹĿһǳ
һɲӰ죬̶ȵĽ͡ΪǸʱǵĽĿѾˡ
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ԣһ¸ԣʵ̫ڴ
̷ܳʱǵĽĿˣÿררĵ衣
Ǻ˷ܺڴ

ǣȻҲͬΪ˷ܺڴ
ܶý嶼ڷ˵һεĸӦУ԰һ˶ͬ⡣
ϾϢǱȽԵġ
ôһУ԰û֪ˡ
ֻڴ̷ܳһ̡

˶ڴʱһĹȥ
ڣ630һ졣
Ǵѧҵᣬڽ˵ʽʼ
ڵ˷ܵʱ̡
ڵȵˡܹ¸ˡȻԺУĽĿҲǿԿġ
ˡмʱҪʽУ԰ˡʵ᲻ãڽܹ¸裬͵ѧϰĵĻݳɡ
ҲǴıҵˡڼ뿪ѧУ֮ʣ¸裬һУ԰ҲǷǳˡ
ǵģǳˡڽҵÿһѧ
ôУ԰ǱҵɡͻȻ֮䣬᲻ñҵСѧѧʮʱ䣬̫̫Ļˡ
ͻȻ֮ҵСѧͬѧͬѧͬѧͬѧǱҵ֮ûˡСͬѧãСѧͬѧǼ涼һʶˡҲ֪Ƕòã
٣ھ֪СѧʱǸŮòã˵бҵ֮ûжˡǶѾˡ
СѧʱҲһŮҲǶ˳֮ûжˣҲ֪ôˣ
˵ʱҪϵһ˺סǣΪʲôЩǺϵϵˣȴһֱûȥϵӦǲȥϵɡ㲻ҵʱʱҲá




ڶǧپʮ ʼ
ϣҵۻڼ
꼴ҵ˿кܶడڼҵǰһ̣ͻȻ֮һֲҵ뷨ǳУ԰ҼǵҸձҵʱҲġһΣѾҵüˡոտ˵ʲôСѧͬѧͬѧ顣˵ǣʵáѾҵ˺üˣһֱûмСѧͬѧпϲˡ
ҲҵüˡȻѾ뿪У԰ܾˣһξǴѧıҵϣȴȻʮֹעΪԼҪٻصѧʱɡ
Ҳصѧʱ֮󣬲ѧʱǶôáϧҲزȥˡ
ܹػصѧʱĻһѧʱøӾʡ
У԰ʱȷʱ⣬ͬѧʦҡαȵȣǷǳĻ䡣У԰ʱջȥջ᳤ջ뿪ѧУûа취顣У԰ʱ⣬ֻĵס
ϵᣬ¸裬͵ǶԼУ԰Ļɡ
һǱҵᣬҪ˼Щոձҵ˵飬ЩѾҵ˺öˣһᣬоЩ̫ʰ
ʲôʵģҲҵǡңϢ˵һε¸裬͸Щڱҵ˵ģͬʱҲ͸ЩѾҵ˵˵ġԣǹۿҲǳʡ
ǣ˭˵ҵ˾ͲܿˣһθѧУ֮䲻ǻвPKǻҪ֧ԼԺУֻԼԺУء
Բ¸ȴܲͣǲҲдЩѾҵ˵ˣһҪġ
ǵȻ¸вĵ¸϶һѹĿǰĽĿ㿴ĻԵȵѡտ
ǻһֱɣ͵У԰ˡ
һᵽҵѧУҾǰͬѧСѧͬѧǸո˵СѧʱŮѾˣǻֻǹơЩѾҵ˼˵СѧʱŮѾܹ϶ѾˡҲ֪޸˭
֪޸˭ʵףͬѧ໥֮æ϶ֻܹǲȥˡ
ǣȷȷǲȥǲңǲ롣
ڱҵѧǣѾҵ˵ǣǾڴĿʼɡ
ǵģһڴڴ¸裡

ڱҵѾҵ顣
ڶýߣѾ˾Ǵѧ˴αҵֳ̨
ǳࡣ
һΣҲôģܹýԸ⵽ֳɷñͲˡ
ǣһ¸Ҫ׳飬һжˡ
¸׳ǾԵĿûýԸĻᡣ
ԣ֮ýͼߡ
ǵĿģʵΪ¸
ȻѾˡ
ôһЩϢҲ˳ɷáһ¡
ԣڶǴѧԼԺУ˵ôýͼǰҲһ˷ܵ顣
ǶٶմһЩĹ⣬Լлᱻýɷúͱ
һ֯Ǵѧѧ˵һôýͼǰҲǾ÷ǳӡ
ǿԺǽĶЩǰμԺУ˵ɣ㲻Կɣôýͼߣ֪ǵ룬ǰμľǶôȷ˰ɣ
ǵ

һԭֻһƽ̨ѡֱ⻹ǾǴѧѧȥ˼̸ġ
ڣܹа˼ƽ̨Ҫֱ
ң߼ƽ̨ҵǴѧѧģʾϣֱܹһεᡣ
֮ԻȻҲȫΪ¸衣
˵һ¸裬ô˴̫ᷢĸı䡣
ѧϯܺһڸˣǼΪʮ˷ܡ
֮ǰһỹδʽʼѾ˴ķӦ
ڵķӦѾ֮ˡ
ôԤǣ֮ӰԭԤģϲ֪ٱ
еһиı䣬ֻΪһ¸裬׳
˶ѡ

˵ڴ֮£ܺһڸ˷ܵĵȴ֮Уɫðˡ
ʱϵߵʮ֡
Ὺʼʮӡ
˳Թᣬ˵ǰտֱ׼
ȻֳѾ˹ڡ
ȷе˵˹֮⣬վ˹ڡ
ɽ˺



ڶǧپʮһ ڵȵ
ھҪʼˡ
ֳϣնﵽ˸߳
Ҷһۣһߵȴʽʼ
ῪʼʱһӣҪֱƽ̨ʱֳĻ棬ʽʼֱ
ϵտֱˣڿֳĻ档
ֳɽ˺ĳ棬һ㶼⣬ˣҪǳ¸ȥġ
ʱһֽ֮ʽʼ
ϳĸһһУе֮̽󣬵˸УĽĿʱ䡣
УĽĿһȤġ
ĿıԱǣഺ˧Ǻпͷġ
ټϸĿ֮䣬ʵдűʣ͸пˡ
Ŀһһڼһ߿һϵۣ˵ĸѧУĽĿĸѧУĽĿд֮ġ
ŽĿһһĹȥֳĹڣϵĹڣԵԽԽ˷ܣԽԽڴ
ΪУĽĿÿһʹž¸ֽһ֡
ڣһУĿ
˵ڴֵﵽ˶㣬ڣھҪ¸ˡ
ǵڴֵ˶㣬ں̨׼ǳ̷ܣȴͻȻ֮ŵ˶㡣
裬Ѿ÷ǳϤˣǻһ̨ʱһǳɺܡ
ܼΪȫڽģȴʱ̡
ǣ̨̫ˣ̫ڵȴڴˡ
ֳֻˡտֱˣǲ
Уȫеĸ֡ˣֻҲȫڵ
пԹע
е˺ý壬ȫڵݳĸ裬ܲţ
˵ʱڱȫĸǣЩǸĽû˼ȥֱĽʱ̡
еֻǽš
ͬں̨ģǴѧѧϯܣԼ˴Ҫĸǣ̷ƺǳĽţҲһ˲ýˡ
̷ܵıݿǧܳʲôӰ
йںý嶼ڴ̷ܵıݣˣεԲɹԻ˸еʧ
ǰѧУĽĿôҶûйϵ̷ܵıǧҰ
ܸϽߵ̷ǰ˵̷ܣһ㣬Ҫȥô࣬͵Ǹϴѧһ
̷ܵͷʾԼ֪ˡ
ȻǰδеĽţȴǷǳѵģҲ֪ԼǧܽţҲŬԼ
Ҫһݳһܸˡ

ʱȫеĸǣǸ֡ͨ֡ҵ֣ȷȫڵ̷ܵĳ
ǴûпǰĽĿʱĻǰ̷ܳ
¸裬Ϊע֮һ
׸貢ݳûõ׸ݳȨĻᡣ
ȫеǣʱҲͬڵȴ
ĸ趼̫䣬Ǹʣǳľ䣬ֵǺúõоѧϰ
һβĻܹ϶һУ԰
У԰֮ǰһסͯ꡷֮⣬ǵڶס
һǣУ԰Ǻڴ
ЩóУ԰ǣ͸ڴˡ
оѧϰУ԰ľѻᣬ֮ǰֻһסͯ꡷̫ˡ
һֱڴʲôʱܹٳһУ԰
ڣڵȵˡ



ڶǧپʮ ͬ㡷
ϣѡտֱԽԽࡣ
֮ǰкΪԭ򣬲ûտֱһֱֱʱעʱ䡣
ûϣ¸衣
տֱԽԽ࣬ȻҲԽԽ֡
ˣѧУĽĿ֮󣬾ĸ˰ɣǼʱ
٣Ҳˡʱ¸裬ȴһҪ
ڵȴ¸ˡ׸У԰ң¸УнԶɡټˣУ԰
ǰЩҵˣ¸УУ԰һ׵ĸɡ
ɣӴ֮У԰ֻڻгˡټˣҵѧУټˣҵഺ
ҪڸУ԰𡣶ЩѾҵ˺ܶ˵ҪڼĸУػУ԰ʱ»صѧУصʱ򣬻صҡͬѧʦͬ
ǵģЩѾҵ˵λعȥλϤĵطǵٺеഺĹˡȻҲǵˡǣ𣿡
ǸҲãػҲգǶһǣδǡ
ͿҪʼˣǾĵȴɡҲҪһ׸衣
ǵģҪѾ׼
Ҳ׼һˡ


ϣѾ׼
ֳһѧУĽĿĻĿԱ̨ϣŹڵλþϹл
Ǳҵ
ÿһĿǶϧԼ
ĿԱл˳
ֳ۲ǵҲƽϢ
ƽϢֳúǰ֮ǰĿʱֳֺ˽
ڣֳܰ
ΪҲԸ˵ɢԼעǵе˼ѾһĿϡ
ڵȴ̷ܵĳ
ֳеýǣȴһ̬ʼ˷ܣӰȫ׼˱Աͨ
ҪĿģΪһ׸
ԣʱȫܣǵȵͷϷˡ
̨Ϣ
̷ڲ֮ǰˣӦܹǿˡ
ʵٶһȣһĿѾ˳ѾڲһĿˣܿͱҪˡ
ʵѾ׼ֻʮֽŶѡ
˵ĲˣҪˡ
󳤺һһѼ˳ͨ
ͬں̨ܡлɵˣʱĪܽţΪ̷ܽš
ͬʱҲﰵ̷ܵݳܹ˳㡣ҪˮƽӣֻҪӾ͹ˡ

̷ܴݳܸͨ߳оֳ˵Ŀ⣬ϣҲܸоýߵӰȫ׼
֪ʱϸ˫۾ע
ʱڿ
еЩ֪ȥ룬ֻŲš
ݺһǣԼ̨֮Զûں̨š
ȻҲţѾڿԽܵķΧ֮ˣӦѾӰˡ
һд󶨡
ߵ̨λãѾúһѸ߽תΣһ˷ӣȻһ˷硣
ӣǰȻСĵĵ˷ĸ߶ȡ
ֳˣϹۿֱˣע̷ܣû˵
Ҷڰĵȴ̷ܿʼݳ
ڣ̷ƺѾ׼
˷˵¸ͬ㡷͸еˡ
ֻ˵һ䡣
һѾ㹻ˣټϣҲ֪Ӧ˵Щʲô
Ȼ̫ˣԴƺȻǲ̫
ȻⲻӰ衣
ͬ㡷𣿡ֳˣտֱˣȫظһ
֪˸֡
֣ѾʵĿȷһУ԰ˡ
ͬ㡭
СѧѧйٵͬЩеӡ󣬵ЩѾ׵ԺѾ޼ˡ
ʱϢĴÿһ˵ļ䣬̹ĵļ䡣
˶ڻԼͬǷкܶͬѾûʲôӡˡ
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ǰܼ򵥣ƺֻм򵥵Ҳ滺ģġ
ЩĸˣִЩζЩɣ˲Ծ˵˻䵱С
ѧУͬ



ڶǧپʮ վЩ
ֳֻܰģļ
˵˼򵥵صѾӵºۼ
ЩɣЩĸˣЩУ԰ʱ⡣
ڣ̨ϵ̷ܿڳˣ
Ƿ
дռǣ
Ƿ񻹵ǣ
޵㡣
ʦǶ벻
²㣬
ҲżȻƬ
ͬ㡣

ɺܼ򵥣ܼͬ򵥣һ˵򵥵Ļһ򵥵ˡ
ͬ㣬Ѿ൱ģס
ڣ򵥵ɸȾ򵥵ĸ˵֮¡൱ģףƺһһ㿪ʼ
Щĵ׵֣Ҳһһӿͷ
Ѿİ˵ƺ±ЩϤ
Ҳĵ׵ףӲģ
ĵ׵ǸҲӲİ
˭Ȣ˶Ƹе㣬
˭ռǣ
˭ĳ
˭ļ¡

ѾЩĸˣʱƺָӸһЩ
ôȥˣ㣬ӦѾ˰ɣ
˭ĳ˭Ϊϵļ£
ܶ˶Ȼһ̾ǸѾǳģ˵Ӱֿʼ
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ѾΪ˼£Ӵֻ֮Сĺӡ
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ϾͬǰҲ̹ġ
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ȴʹʱ
Ҫȵʧȥ֮󣬲ŶϧبŲĵ
ÿһ˶ÿһ˶˵ϧԼͷϵʱȴǲֻһε̾Ϣ
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ϲһ
ʱǺ
ܹ̫
˵ҵңңڣ
ת۾͸

˼һλصѧУһλصͬһλصƺԼԶȴһ˲֮䳤ʱ⡣
Ϊҵ̫ңԶΪ̫ݣΪҪɴ˵ģҪȺþúþá
Ȼڣƺֻǹȥһ˲䣬ġΪѾΪĵ׶Ҫģ˵ļ䡣
Խǳ󣬾ԽǾʱ̫졣
һתۣߵ˶˵ţѾزȥഺ١
˭Ƹе㣬
˭ο޵㣬
˭Ҹдţ
˭ڷ

˭Ȣ˶Ƹе㣬
˭ο޵㣬
˭ĳ
˭ļ¡

˭Ϊϵļ£Ϊ˭
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ЩѾģ˫ۡ
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ʵ˵ǲϲʱ̣û˻ϲʱ̡
ֺܸл׸衣
л׸һο̹ĵõġ
ܻ󣬻˸ˣڻĹУõġ
һ׸ʱǲ̫һֱѭ
źֳݳûа취ѭ
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̷ܵݳǳɹģ̷ܲûоźѾˡ
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ֳĹҲڳ׵Ļع񣬵ȴûлûмУеֻǳĬ໥֮Сϸ
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ڵýǣȫӿ˽ĿԱɷרҪȥɷ̷ܡ

ֱƽֱ̨տֱˣһ̾
Ϊոġͬ㡷̾ҲͬЩˡ
ˣĸˡ׸˼ȴûнҲһ
׸裬̫̫࣬Ըϲ˶ʧߡ
򵥵ɣ򵥵ĸʣȴһ˲֮ĵװӿдߣΨһˡ
ĸ裬ɶӣҲӣȴǿĸȾûĸ裬ֽ綼Ȼʧɫ
ֽȻʧɫǵǶҪʧȥһЩɫʡȻ˶졣ٶ˵ġ
˵ҲһлҵӾʡ
ˣĸˣҲ׵뿪ѧУˡܹʱͬ㡷һҵ˵һҵ
ǵȷ˵ġ




ڶǧپʮ 㹻ٶƬ
еĸǣǾǸ֣Ǹֻ֣֣ͨҵ֣ʱҲȻһ̾
Ϊͬ㡷һ׸豾̾ΪԵݳһ׺ø̾
׸豾ҲԼУ԰ʱ⣬Сʱͬʦ̫̫࡭
ȦǣǻУ԰Ĵ档
׸ҲЩˡ
ȻԵݳôһ׸裬Ǿź
ĸ裬Ȼǳߵˮ׼Ȼһ
ոݳ̷ܣʣѾˡ
ȷǽݾĽ˼ʣ˼ҵĻԵֻĽҲֻܼʡ
ҲνƽƽһжǻԵ
ȻǸ֡Ǹ˵ǲĽ̷һȴĽ̷һλԵ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱ򣬲ܹлԵݳһĸ裿
ĸ̫ˡ
ˣݳǸҲǳ١
ǸǣڵȴݳĻԵ
ջлġ

еʱҲͬڸппĸȻǳߵˮ׼
򵥵ɣ򵥵ĸʣȴŷǳ֮ǿĸȾ
дָˣֻһˡ
еǶҪĸ裬ʼղ˲ζ˺ա
ڡͬ㡷һ֮ĳ
ЩУ԰ּǣࡣ
Ǹеܡ
ĸȻÿһζܹµ

ý֮󣬸Ǹֱйֵı
ࡢеģȻġͬ㡷
¸ڳ죡ͬ㡷УУ԰ѳ˯ļ䣡
ͬ㡷򵥵ɣ򵥵ĸʣŨҵĻ䣬ĸˣ
˭Ϊϵļ£¸衶ͬ㡷Ƿ
У԰̷ݳͬ㡷ٴһ񻰣

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¸˵Ѿһֻе˶Ѿϰˡ

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ѾٸˣȥվѾȥȥվҪĵס
Ժĳʱ򣬿ܻٴ
ڣʱ»صĵˡ
ҪҪϧھߵˣھߵػҪġ
죬졣
һΡ
ҹˡ

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Դ˲ûнйĹעһλڴɢ
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ʯں֮ǰͿʼͺǸʱŸո粻ãƳƷè󡷡
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Ȼûٺˣ֮ϵȴʼûжϡ
ԣ磬ʯʥ壬֡
ڴɢ
ʯЦϵܣһסͬ㡷˶ʮָп
ҶУ԰пҲ⡣
ʯȷУ԰ǵͣУ԰ʮֻ
Цϸڲֵ׳꣬˵úѾܴһ
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ϸӣȻűʲô飬ͲҪҴˣϽ˵ɡ
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ӵ𣿺ǰɡϸ˼ǣҪٳһͯ£ǶͯƷ
ʯЦġڵҪ𣿸Ƶ׼һٶƬռڻƽ𵵡ľйκĽҵǣϣܹһ㹻ĶƬ۸Щȫ
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ӰԽľȻҲԽʯԽԽȲ˷ܡ
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֮
νաһɡ
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һַǳǿҵԤУⲿƬΪľʷӰһƬ
ĸɾǰδе㣬оѾܳʱ䣬ûйļˡ

ƬľǱѾʼȻҲҪʽճˡ
Ե˸ʡľ߹˾
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ÿһԱǰδе˷ܺͼ˵еǼˡ
ЦЦȫ˾˴кȻԶٿȫԱ飬ҪʽһҪƳȫߡ
Ҫ֪ʲô
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
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νգ
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ȴҿ֮ؾͲҪξĽˡ
еԱȫɴ۾ͶӰĻһʼͱ׵ˡ
ȻԽԽ˷ܡѾһǿҵԤУǼʼıνߣԼٶȷȫ
ڲҹƣһǳˡ
һǰᣬǾҪ㹻ıν߲Ʒ
һʱֻ10ƷҲ10гٴҲá
ľ߹˾ĹģԶԶ޷ģԣڵĵ֮Ҫ˾Ĺģ
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ԣֱȨˡ
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˵һ⣬ǾһƳµߣͼС
ȻΪʲô˴ģ˾ģ
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ôԣһ׼ģȫߣͼôܻС
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ˣԴʮֹע
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֮ٳƷνաġ̽ϡڻصСһһͬʱƷ
νաӦһٶƷΪͬʱǶƬߡ

⣬ʮҵý壬˱
νաνѾһ֣ȫ綼ڹעĲƷˡ



ڶǧİһʮ ͨײȨ
ȫ綼ڹעνաĶߣڽܹĵ쵱С
ֱ֮Ͷгڵ̨š
ôһ⣬ѡһײ
ǶԴˣֻЩ档ǲջһײ
ײǶһĿ
ڸ˵ܹȡײȨܹõĺôʽǳľ޴
ԣӶԡνաײȨʮֿ
ΪܹõײȨӵĸ߲㸺˷׷׳ʥ塣
ٶƵԡνաʮָȤϣܹõײȨ
ٶƵѧԸϵʥ塣
˵Ҳ뵽֮к󣬲ȫʮź
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Ҳһ
ΪΪԷӣֱӽײȨԷ
ҹƽֻӵԴȷõģǹƽҲ
ҲҪ˭֪˭أ
ӶġĴӣһλҪӺúõľһ¡
ٶƵѧڵģӸ߲㸺ˣʥ塣
ڴӴλˡ
ƬļײʵҲ⡣ļײЧһġ
Ҫ̨Դæ
ôôӶײӦѡһң
һ˵øӾۣ۸ߵá
ûҪ
Ϊһҵ̨һۣ˵Ҳû塣
룬˵ɣһҹƽһáνաײȨΣ
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ӵĸ˶΢΢һ㶣û뵽ġ
ܿ죬Ƕǰһĸǡ
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ӺĴӶǻ۸ƨͲһϡ
ںˣһҹƽ
ĸȱ̬ȫû⣬һš
ȻĴӺҲʾȫû⡣
ҲãǾ۵ĻǲûаվԷ
ңɹײȨҲḶһǳߵļ۸
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ôؼǽһʲôأ
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ܼ򵥡һһͣ˭ԡȻڹ涨ʱ֮ڣȵ
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ڶǧİһʮ Ҫʼ
ڸпֶ֮࣬Ϊһıһ൱Ȥ
˵ʷ˼һӦû˻ᷴ԰ɣ
Ȼûˡʵܶ࣬ʥҲÿ춼ڱ㡣ͨȡһƬײȨģԽһң޷ֺš
ȫΪȨ۸ҹñھײ
пܡͲʲôǮǮˡⳡһ˼ȥֳ
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ģֱ϶еġ飬ЩýôܻŹ
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Ϊ˲ȤĽ൱ڴ
ĿԴɡ

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һεıӱҲý壬൱Ȥˡ
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ӵļ֮⣬ýļߣҲѾȺϵʥ塣
һĿ
Ȼˣֱƽ̨ȻĻᣬǷ׷ҵʾϣܹԱֱ
ԴȻû

ⳡʮȤ֣ࡢҲԱȤ
֣Ц˼ɲõ֪Щ̨ĵǣô
Ҫ˼֮⣬Ҫǳḻľ顣֮ǰûˣʲôջ񡣡
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30֣ҡͷҹѡҲԳ20
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ֳ˺öడҿ硣ʱǾֻȺΧֱֻͨˡ

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ӸѧЦ֪õһ򣿡
ЦӦ֣Ϻϡ
˵ҲǡѧһЦֶ֣ࡢ˵֣ϡϣҪ鷳Ƕϸ֪һˡ
̨ĸҲ䣬Ҳ֪Ȼи׼
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ֳʼǩ
ֱƽ̨Ҳʽѡʼֱ
ֳĻֱͨͷѾȵǵǰ
ǹЦǿʼֱˡ
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ǩϾҪʼˡλ÷ǳɡǩˣɻȡһȻ
ǾҪ̨ˡǱһ֡
ԲۣôĪĸоЩأԸܹ鵽һλá
ʵɣĸλøҲֻһˡ

һ߿ֱһֳۣĹҲͬۡ
ǩʽʽʼ̨ǲһλǩ
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BҿҵˣŻԸǸλá
Cˣˣǵˡҿʼ׼ɣһҪùھ
GǱߡ
̨ĵѡǷ׷жҵԼĴ
û֪ǳ鵽Ǻûǲãֻһ
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Ҳûг鵽µλãٻܹһ㰲ο
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ûһ˾ġ
ˣȫһǳȤģɴ۾زͣĹ۲죬ļҵ̨ѡ֣͵ĿûУ
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Ҳ˵ԹʵףѵȡؼǿŰɣӵǸСӽֻǿʼҶѹġ
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Ȼһ㶼ûб
ֳû˿š
һʶʥȻǳѵ
ԽԽڴܹһ㡣
һ㱻֮󣬴ҲԽ˷ܡ
̨ĲѡǣҲͬԽ˷ܡһԽѱǵһ֮ܵĹעҲͻԽ
ԣѡҲԽ˷ܺͽš
ţϽջ񰡣



ڶǧİһʮ 
еĲѡǶܹΪһŵˡ
ȻԿţվ˿Ųǡ
ܽ˶һ㲻ǡ
ôΪʲôԼأ
ѡĹڴ
һСʱ֮˿ˡ
̨
ŵǽ̨ѡǣһص㣬ѡǳɹװϰ֮ȫȸԾ
ڣ꿪˰
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̨ѡǼ֡
֪һǲֳľԽ㣬еľԽ㡣
ҶΪǻ
е̨ǰ档Ҫٽȡܹھ
̨ѡǿŽ̨ѡ֣ʵ˵ǷǳĽ
Ϊʲôǿأ
ŲζܹΪܹھ
ΪܹھҪġ
ԣ̨ѡĽ֮࣬Ǵʮֵľ񣬼㡣
ѾʧȻÿһӶܱ
ڴ
̨ĸ˹Ц̨ĸ˵λã˰ǽ̨ȡȻˡ
̨˶ʮźǵȷʧȻⲻһõϢ
Ҳʲô̫⡣ȿţ˵١
ⶼǺпܵġ
ǹؼʱ̡

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̨Ҳջ
дС
ļ㷽ʽǰԣѡǵԽ󣬹ǵĻԽ
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Ҳô˵ϴ㣬СҲһġУͿȡʤ
ҵжϡĿǰΪֹǸӵˡ
ǱһҲС˶٣൱ļҰ
ԽҲԽ˼ԽԽˡ

ŲңѡֻǹڣЩš
ʱ磬͸̨ĸˣȻ顢СѾͷ֣ࡢȥԵ¥Է
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̨ĸҲʼˡ
ĹھܹõһζƬĶײȨڵ̨˵ʵ̫Ҫˡ
ɲǲš
̨ջװͰڿ˭˭٣
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ԣʱҶʼˡ
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ȷ˰ӡĴײȨ㹻ܳһʱˡ
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ȷˡоڴҵĲ඼̫һ㹻ˡ
ô˵̨ܷã¶ƬײȨֳ£һ飿
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ֳˣҲͬˡ
ϣҲûһֱտֱϾҶиԵҪæ
ڣҷ׷ǰտֱ
Ҫۼ֤õõܹھģһҵ̨
ӣĴӣǳһҵ̨
κһҵ̨пܡ
10ӡ5ӡ1ӡ
ڣ
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ڵŵʱ̡



ڶǧİһʮ ϲ
ֳԱϸͳƣ̨ĳɼ¯
ڣɼϣ
նȻ䵽ŵʱ̡
ֳˣֱйڣȫ۾գĶ㡣
ƯҲܺáڹĵģȻֻĳɼ
˶ܽš
ŵˣǸ̨Ĳѡ֣Լһĸ̨ĸ߲ǡ
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վûеõһλԵ



ڶǧİһʮ ҹ
Ȼ󣬸̨ˣڵ̨Ȧﰦ̾
ǰʥ֮ǰǲȥݹչ㰡Ȼô֮ã
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ԣһθ㲻òһͨĶƬһζƬӰ㲻û֮ǰĶƬ󡣿ӳ̶Ⱦ֪ˡûӹһƬ
ΪƳһεߣչһ߹˾ȷǰδеӡ
Ϊˣǲ˵Ľʰ
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Ҳ㷭֪᲻ôĻԵ֣
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Բۣһ˵ͻȻͿϣ
Ҳϣ

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Ҳ¶ˡȻһĵ̨Ӯλᡣ֪ΪʲôҾرĸˡӡĴӮûӸˡ
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ӡʵ˵ӵĴڸʵ̫һ㡣ӵ̨꣬Ҷûʲôӡ󡣡
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ײ̨ҲȷˡôʲôʱײȻһƬǺڴӡ
Ҳ֪һʲôƬڽֻֽ֪νա
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֪пܰɡ


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˽죬ӻöײȨϢȻϺýǱĽ㡣
Ȼ۷׷ס
ۿ»һֱȥֱνաײһ졣



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΢Щ⣬Ŀ˲١
ߣһҲѾˡֻȶƬ֮һС
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ϵܣѾʥ·ˡҴˡνաƬȿһ¡Чôʯ˵
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ЧȴΡ
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֮Ҳ뿪˴ӡ
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Ȼ󣬺ͶƬνաһС
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ӵǰ̨ӵĵ绰֮Զһϲ
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Զϲ˵ǣ
ԶƷչʾƷ
һЩƷ⡣
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ȻµĽһϲϢ
еԱǶʮֵ˷ܺͼȲ

ͬʱʽ繫νաƬһ֮󿪲ÿһ
ţľҲ˹ٷ棬νߣһ֮롶νաƬһͬС
Ϣں̵ܶʱڣ磬˸еϲ˷ܡ
Ƭʱ䣬ԤĿ˲١
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кܶѾ˾ԼˣҲҪȥһ˵һױν߻ȥ
Ϊ棬Ϊ˿ղء
۷׷ףԼ˷ܺڴ顣
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ܹǰ㵽һЩڶƬߵҪϵĻȶȾԳ嵽һ
ԣýԴطܡ
ýܶҵý壬ҲڵһʱõϢ
Ҳͬ˴ģȶȻڣҲ̫ࡣ
ڹϵӰѾǳˡ
Ʒ綼עһεȻҲ⡣
кܶҵĵ̨Ӱӹ˾ѾڿҪҪνաƬˣ
һΪĻڵһʱǰǢ̸
һЩҵԱʱѾڼƻǰˡ
ڲȷνաǷʺҪȷ֮ģʱ
ԣǴǰǰʥ塣
ȷʺĻǾ͵ȥʥˡ
ڵʥڶʤء
ʥִ˵ҲѾڹ
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ֻǣ˶Ϊԭ޷ǰˡ
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˵̨Ӱӹ˾Ŀ׼νաƬ֮⣬ҵ̣ҲͬĿ׼˱νߡ
ǵж͵̨Ӱӹ˾˲࣬кܶ˾ǰʥ塣



ڶǧİٶʮһ νա
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оصСʱһǸʱ򣬾ȴŶƬʼɡ
νաҪҿɴˣʮ˷ܰ

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ڣƬûʽʼʾѾͻ4.0
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ʵҲ漣ֻ˵Ʒĳѡ
ڻ˵ȴǾԵ漣
ɡԬڵˣȫ֡
Ⱥ﷢ȡνա֮ȫԱ۲ͣ˽͡
ȺһƬڡ
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ԲۣӲſʼʾ4.0ˡҪƶƬʼ¼Ľడ
ƿǺпܡĿǰΪֹƬʼ¼ıߣǡ«ֵܡ7.2ƽʡͬǡ«ֵܡ7.4ҲֻԼƷпܴˡ
һҪˡһƬǵһ
ܿʲôĽҲ֪졶νաܹﵽ٣
Ƽ¼ӦûġϾһαȡ«ֵܡһθ˹ע˵кܶҵĵ̨Ӱӹ˾ˣѾʥ塣ǶνաĴ㡣
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ԬͷҲΪġ



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ԵĻȻԸصͯˡϧͯʱ򣬸ûôʵĶƬȻܹҲֲͯźɡ
˵Ҳԡǿνա͵ֲͯźˡ˵ڵС̫ҸˣôôʶƬƷԿ
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ν߾Ȼ˾ͿţҲҪȥһھȥ̳

ߵıƵ֮󣬺ܶԭЩԥԼҪҪȥһղأֻǸû㹺ˣ׷˾ҲҪȥһν߻
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һʮͶ롣
Ϊе߶ңؿƵȫԶ棬ԣսֳȥģģΪʵ˼
ˣ˲οΧս
οʱʱһʣܺǸǿܲѣһøͶ档
֣ࡢҲֳµĿš
֣ЦȺδһβ̵ʱڣƶеˡ
ȷСӵЩߵȷ÷ǳá
֣ڹֻҲǳгνӦֻʱˡ
ѾԽԽҵˣˡһƬͬͬʱг൱ֵڴ
֣Цȷˡ



ڶǧİٶʮ о
֣˵һνնƬߣһг
ά˹һҵ̨ƶٵ̨Ҫˡ
ƶٵ̨Ӱܴǰĵ̨֮һ
ƶٵ̨һۺϵ̨ŽĿֽĿӾĿƬĿС
УŽĿֽĿӾĿе̨Уǳо
ΨжƬĿûκεľ
ƶӲŵĶƬĿǺܵͣ϶ĩβЩʱס
̨ǰĵ̨ĿҲǳоȴΨƬĿϺȣʵһʮֹ󣬵ȴƫƫʵ
ƬĿΪˣƶٵ̨ͷ۵⡣
ƬĿʣƶٵ̨֮Ҫ⣬Ҳ֮Ҫ⡣
˵öƬĿӵ㹻ľҲϺȰɡ
Ϊ˽⣬ƶٵ̨˺ܶ취ĶƬĹЧ롣
ʵ޷⣬ȴƫƫʵ
ָ߲Ѿ˷ƬĿ뷨ˡȻãǾ͸ɴ಻ˡ
ԼΪĸ߲㣬ġ
Դά˹Ϊĸ߲㣬ȴǻͲˣƶٵ̨һƬĿ㲻
ǷҪöƬĿɡ
ǰңԶĻϢĶƬνաһѾɣײ
ά˹Ϣ֮󣬺ϲ˵ҲǿԳνաǻĴĶƬһͬСɣҲǵĶƬĿ
˵ܿ⵽˷ԡ
˵ά˹Ҳͬ˵ȷһ˵һΰ
ҲΪⲿƬܹǵĶƬĿ
ԭܼ򵥣ǱϾΪĺǴĶƬ
ҵıĻȫͬĺϲǹҵĺҲϲ
ǰһƬ«ֵܡһǵȷһǳĶƬά˹Ϊǹҵĺǻϲ
ԣĶƬ޷ǵĶƬĿ
רΪǹҵĺӣһǹҺӿζĶƬϣ
ά˹£ҳ˵ĺеǣȴһʵǹҵĺǣ᲻ϲ«ֵܡûгԹԣҲ֪𰸡ȻϲĸʣܵȷǺܸߡǣΪһεġνաͬǹҵĺǣǳϲ
µά˹ԼҲ˵ˣֻǡ̫Сˡ
ά˹Ȼ˵ǡΪһεļʺܴ󡣲ҶҪȥһ¡׼ɶǰʥ塣
µά˹ֺαȥ˷ʱ;
ά˹ҲΪ˷ѡ㡶νաĲʺҲȥʥһǴصĵط
µðɣά˹ף졣ȻΣϣԼ˽˽
ά˹ֻȥһˣȻԼá
µôףˣά˹
ά˹лл
ԵϪ塣
ѾɹǩˡνաЭĴά˹֮ǰͼ֮ĶԻǾͲԾĸֳЦ⡣
룬£ǳǸһεʵӦû֤ҵ۹Ҫ׼
ά˹˷ܺͼֻΪ۹ȼ¸׼ΪΪƶٵ̨ĶƬĿһоˡ
ĺҲһϲνաģǳϲ
ʥַǳ֣иִ棬ά˹ڴһЩʱ䡣
ǣҲ֪Ҫϻȥˡ
ȥ֮󣬻ҪԱΪνաʱʮֽȡ
ԣά˹ò뿪ʥ壬̤ϷĹ;
ͬʱҲһȻȥ鴦֮Ҫʥ壬ȻúõĴ

ƶٵ̨
ºһڸ߲ǣ˵Ŵά˹顣
µġνաѾײˡڣά˹Ӧ֪νաʺ˰ɣһȥʥ壬ֻȥˡ
߲˺ͼµĹ۵һҲΪά˹ϣ
һĸ߲˵ά˹ڶûпνաʲʺΪô½ۡ
ά˹򣬼аٷ֮ʮĳɹʣҲð𣿾񡶺«ֵܡһȻ֮һʻɹǸ̫ˣǲðաһΡνաĸܸߵȥԣͲʺġǵĶƬĿӦ÷ˡ
ҲҪһά˹֮˵
ά˹ͷ˵ҲȻ



ڶǧİٶʮ 
˵ȻˣҸά˹绰ɡڣӦѾ˾ˡ
µҲãɡϣܹά˹ɥȻ֪֮ǰ뷨жôˡ
һָ߲ҲʾԸά˹绰ôˣ
ͷͨ˴ά˹ĵ绰
áʵϣѾµҴ绰ˡ
ά˹ƺɥңǳ˷ܡ
ȻڵǳáΪ˿ӦøеɥǼ¡
ά˹Ϊʲô˵ѵνաĸоǳá
ǵģҸоûùҿÿĶƬû֮һĺϲĺǣҲͬһϲȫĺǣϲǶϲҲҲϲġ
ά˹Ҫ֪ʵ̫ˡܻһƬȫĺӶϲġ
ڿνա֮ǰҲΪġҸıҵĿŵ㿴֮ҲͬıԼ뷨ġ
𣿴ά˹ʵ˵˵Ҷԡνաʮֺˡ
Ծڴһʧġ
ô˵ά˹ѾͻЭˣ
ǵģ򡣶ײЭ顣ƶٵ̨һ֮ǰ̨ûʸ񲥷šƶٵ̨ĶƬĿҪˡ˸е˷ܣѾȲˡ
ά˹Ը˵Ȼһǳ鷳Ͼһ˾ľֻףˣά˹
ллһεȷܺá
ܹΪеˡ
Ȼ
˵绰֮һڸ߲˵Ҹո˵ЩӦܹµʲôɣ
˵ȷܹµܹٸǽһĻ͸ˡ
ðɣû⡣
Ȼ˵һ顣
߲۷׷ס
ά˹Ȼһ˾ľԣǶаգ
µά˹һ̫ˡƶٵ̨һνΪʧ޴ܹ𣿡
£ά˹Ȼ֪ʧܺʲôˡ˵аٷ֮ٵİաԣǻǵȴνա֮˵ɡ
µҾŻһƬȫĺӶϲǲܵġԣΪǿǰԤһ£һεʧˡ
ǵȵȰɡά˹ܿͻˡ
ĸ߲ҲʾȻѾˣҲֻٵһˡ
ûа취Ҳֻٵȵˡ

ά˹·ϲûе飬ʱϻƶٵ̨
еĸ߲ڵһʱٿ顣
µά˹һξһ޴ľ治֪ܹܲе
ά˹ǺһЦ˵£ҺܱǸһοҪʧˡ
ά˹Ȼ˵һЩ֧Ļʵ˵ҲΪνաܹǵĶƬĿԣֻףˡ
ά˹лл仰㹻ˡ֪ҿ϶˵ĻϾ˵Ļȷ̫ˡ֮ǰԼҲšڣҾǿʲôǶƬʷϵ漣һλΰ
˵֮󣬴ά˹óνաƬ̡
Ȼϵԣʼŵһ
ĻͨͶӰǣͶӰͶӰϣÿһ˶ܹ
ά˹˵ǻģŴҶǿܹڵϲŵģȻᾭڣҾͽͿһ»İɡ
߲ǵͷͻɡ
ʱ򣬸߲ǶǲŴά˹˵
ǵҲк棬һʲôĶƬܹôά˹ԣ
ԣȫȫע׼ϸĿһŹκһϸڡ
ܿ죬һʼʼȻĻ
ˡ컢̳޾١
ͻȻǰԼ׷ϵķѸٱ仯̬Ļˣ˫չս
еĸ߲Ƕ̲סĵͺ
ޣֱ̫ˣ
ţ뵽ıʽģ
ʣʵ̫ˣһΰĶƬ
ͻȻʼŴά˹˵ˣ⿴ȥ̫˼ˡ

¶̲סĵͺһҲͬ𾪵ˣ˼ĶͶӰĻ
һ̣ЩҡԼ뷨ˡ
ѵĻһܹĺǣҲǳϲĶƬ
ٴĻоĲС
²š



ڶǧİٶʮ ߲ԱǶ
²ţĸ߲ʼþϲ˷ܡ
ĻĸоⲿνաƷ㲻ûΪһΰĶƬ
ĺǣ㲻Ҳķǳϲ
ȫĺǶϲҲǲܰ
Ļƶٵ̨ĶƬĿĻоˡ
Ȼֻпܶѡ
˵νաáƶٵ̨ĶƬĿ̫ˡ
֮ǰƶٵ̨٣ںܻӭĶƬȴʼ᲻ȥ
һЩ̨ţʶԡһƶٵ̨ˣʾͲˡ
̫ˡ
ԣڼȷǿܻǳϲνաҲܹ֤˵ƬĿľ͵þˡ
ȻڲŸոĻһƬݲŸոտʼ
ھ½ۻΪʱ磬ȼȥ֮˵
һʽʼΪոյĻø߲Ǹе˾ϲ˷ܡ
ڸ߲ǣȫøϸ档
ȻԽԽǾϲԽԽⲿƷĻһΰƷ
ҲԽԽãƶٵӵ̨ƬĿһθ㲻ܹˡ
ʱҲ׵Ĳ˵ˡ
ԽԽоά˹һλʤˡ
һθ㲻ά˹ˡ
µЩӣҲû˺ϴά˹
Ͼʹά˹ûʲô˽˶Թֻһ¼Ŀϣѡ
֮ԻƬĿ֮Բִ֧ά˹νաҲΪƶٵ̨ǡ
ƶٵ̨ĶƬĿһܹ򡶱νա𣬼±ӦҲ˵ġ
ǣһ֤һε۹⣬ȷά˹һεȷˡֲԸʵ
ԣµԽԽӡ
νաһŽά˹ֹͣ
ոڲŵĹУά˹һֱڹ۲ҵı仯ع۲˼µı仯
ڴҵı仯ά˹⡣֪ⲿνաĶƬѾЩһ
ά˹ЦǺǵ˵һѾˣҶôģ
ȼ˵ά˹̫ˡҴûп˾ʵĶƬ֮ǰڵ绰˵ҲпܻϲⲿƬʱȫĻôܻһƬȤڣά˹˵ǣĶⲿƬȤˡ룬ҵȷϲˡ̫˼ˣ
һĸ߲˵ά˹ⲿƬķǳʷʵĶƬû֮һȻһλֻܹĶƬƷ
һ߲˵ά˹ȫ֧ⲿƬⲿƬȻûƶٵ̨ĶƬĿҲøκεˡ
ǵġҲȫ֧ⲿƬˡά˹һθ㲻Ϊƶٵ̨˴󹦡
ڴά˹ʼ֮ǰʼնԴά˹Ļʮֻɡڣά˹ҪǸڣѾ˵ĻˡⲿƬĻȫĺǶϲǶƬʷϵһ漣һ漣Ǵһ
Ϊƶٵ̨ĶƬĿһαȵĸѾܴˡ̫˷ˡ룬ӦҪллһƬȻҲҪлά˹һε۹⣬˶׼
ȫ֧νա£أô
еĸ߲ȫ¡
֮ǰԵǿҡʲô̬ȣҪ
µʼʮָӣ˶̾Ϣһ˵ͬ
Ȼֻ򵥵һ仰ɴżˡ
ά˹Цڵȵˡ
Ȼ󣬴ά˹Ҳû侮ʯ֪֮ԻᷴʵҲΪƶٵ̨롣
ԣ˾ˡ
֮󣬴ά˹˵Ȼһͬⲿνաôھʽ׼ΪνաˡʮҪһҪá
Ȼά˹齫佻Ŷӽ۸һҲûйϵ
ά˹ҲΪġ
ĸ߲Ҳû
ƶٵ̨ԱŶӣʽΪνա
Աǿνա֮һҲǾѡ
ǻ¶Ƭνա𣿼ֱ̫˼ˡһλšҸоʮ˷ܡѾΪʮƬû˷ܹ
ҲҲǳ˷ܣܹⲿƬãǵһ¥
ݹʵ̫ˣѾѪˣ

Աһȫ˷ܵĲС



ڶǧİʮ ɹֻ꼻һ
ȻԱǵĸɾ㣬׷óԼõ״̬Ϊνա
ͬʱƶٵ̨ʼΪνա
ȫĿģ¶ƬνաһѾڻײõ˼ߵڣƶٵ̨ˡνաһ֮󿪲ӭտ˼
ͬһλ
Ħ˹̽˹޼СƷѾ뵽ÿһ˵
ԣƶٵ̨һ˲֮˼ѵЧ
νաڿˣ̫ˣһ֮ǰҾڹעˡǲ̫ϰ߻﷽ʽĶƬνաһῴΪƷҪ֧֡
ƶٵ̨Ȼˡνա̫ˡԭΪûе̨ءϾΪĺǴĶƬǹҵĺδػϲƶٵ̨ɵòƷӦ
ƶٵ̨ʱҶҵĺһ𿴡˵ҵĺ֮ǰƺϲƶٵ̨ƬһμȻƷһźƶٵ̨ġ
ҵʱûкӡԼȴϲƬҲΪƬֻǸӿġԣһһῴνա
ҲûкӡҺ㲻һѾԶƬȤˡǣһμȻƷһῴһ¡ֻΪлΪ˸Ħ˹һΰҲҪһ¡
ðɡǵʱƶٵ̨ײʱҲȥһ

˶ʾǻԼĺһ𿴵ġûкӵˣҲʾԼῴ
֮Ի֧֣ΪҶΪνաǳÿ
ֻΪƷ
ȻҲ˵νաáƷôܻ᲻ã
ֻΪνաϾΪĺǴƷ
ǵĻͻܴӦò̫ϲŶԡ
Ϊʲôԭзǳ˶ʾνաײʱǻῴ
ƶٵ̨Ĵά˹ȸ߲ǣ˽֮޲ԵüΪ˷ܡ
ڣǿƬĿϣˡ
ڴӱ濴ǵ𲢲̫á
ΪҶǳƷһѡտġ
ôӦþͲܻһֱտȥֻῴǰһȻ󿴵˻ԽԽ١
ֻ꼻һ֡
ǣά˹˲֡
Ϊ֪Щһ￴˵һֻ֮ҪĻ֮󣬾ͻᱻֿԽԽٵ
ֻҪˣͲҪߡ
µֻû
ԣά˹еֻ˷ܣûκεĵġ

ĵ̨Ҳͬڹעƶٵ̨νաһ¡
¶ƬνաȻҲȫ֪
Щ̨ͬǹҪҪȥνա
󾭹صĿ֮󣬷뷨
ԭҲ򵥣ǴҶõԭΪĺǴĶƬӦòʺĺǿ
ԣ󶼷ˡ
ڣƶٵ̨˵Լˡνաʵ˵̨Щ⡣
Ҳܹóƶٵ̨νաԭ
ΪƬĿʣķһˡ
ƶٵ̨ĶƬĿʼϲȥ̨Ȧӣ֮һˡ
̨Ȧˣû٩
Ҳƶٵ̨֮ԣѶƬĿʸȥԭ֮һǶˡ
̨Ȧӷƶٵ̨νաԭ̨֮ȦȻǸۡ
Ҷƶٵ̨ĶƬĿһܹνա
ǴĶƬƷһǷǳɹƷһ˭޷ϡҪڻڶԡϾÿÿҵĻ죬ǷǳԵġĺϲģǹҵĺǲһϲͬϲļ̫Сˡԣƶٵ̨һκѳɹ
ΪӦƶٵ̨ҪҹӰһڱ濴ƺѾɹˡѾзǳڱʾǵʱһῴˡ
ڿȷҹӰ󣬻ǣҶֻǳƷȥģĺڴǲƬȻܳãҲǿļɡ֮ῴˡ⻹Ƕڼҳ˵ںǣҲֻῴһһῴꡣϾ˵ȤĿ϶޷ȥԣǵĳɹֻ꼻һ֡




ڶǧİʮһ ɰڴһ
ɹֻ꼻һ֡
˵ǫ̃ȦӵϿɣҶΪġ
ȷĿǰνաʱӦûܲ
ǣŲŵļʱ½
յʿ̫ܲһвСĲࡣ
ķһ޷öƬĿƶٵ̨ӦþͻƬĿ˰ɣ
̨ȦӶΪ
˵һϢ
Ͼƶٵ̨ƬĿȻߣվһǱڵľ֡
ľֱױȻһõϢ
̨ȦӶԴˣȫʮڴ
Ҷڴšνա

֮⣬໹вٹңҲͬˡνա
ңЩҵĵˣڸʥ·ϡ
ͨ;˽⵽ˣνաƺǳʺ
ȻˣȻҪȥһ
ʥ塣
⼸ʱ䣬ѾӴʮҵĵˣֻˡ
νաƬߣڳ׵г
ò˶ã綼űνԪء
Դˣ⣬ڴ
ľ߹˾ĸˣԶ绰Ҵνߵģ㿴𣿡
ǰ죬νУСʱʱ䣬ȫ̳ߵıνߣͱһգһʣ
ȫ̳ߵ꣬ȫ۰Ͱ͵ľ߹˾ϣľ߹˾ܹٸǷһ
ľ߹˾߼Ӱӵ㣬һֱͣЪԶԶ޷г
ԣԶһߡ绰ʾ
ŵ绰˵ЩԼͿˣʾҡ˾һˣ
õģˡԶ˵
˵绰ҡͷЦ֪ԶһȻ˵ˣһʲôشߵĻȻٴ绰
ԴˣҲûа취ֻһһεıʾԶԼС
֮Ƶڴ⼸ʱ価æŽӴҵĵ˺ˣûкúõڴ
ӴǸϲڴ
ţ֣ͬࡢˡ
֣Ц⼸ʱѵÿСа
ֻʱġƻи
ǿ϶ġ
һĵ˺ޣԺԻи
ֻƶٵ̨һҵ̨
ǣȵƶٵ̨ŵġνա漣̨֮Իӵ
Ժһβ̵ʱƶеæˡ
ʵ˵ЩͷۡΪ˱νܹ磬ͷҲϰ
ЦиǾԵĺ鰡СӺ񻹺ܲƵġ
ٺһЦ˵ʵ˵ǲⰡ
Сӡ֣ࡢҡͷʮΡ

һ֮

νաɣƶٵ̨Ԥײʱ䣬ǽʮ֡
ڣײʱ䣬Ѿܽˡ
ά˹һڸ߲Ƕʮֺ˷ܺڴ΢һЩš
ȻǶԡνաʮţյĽ֮ǰվ޷ٷ֮ٵķġ
̨Ѿǹעһһˡ
ĳʲô⣬ЧûдﵽԤڣǶɾͶ˰
Ժ󣬶ƬĿľֻг׵ķˣĻˡ
ԣһڸ߲Ƕٻеŵġ
¶ˡ֮ǰȻԴά˹νաҲϿˡνա
ôڵ˼ʵѾά˹һˡ
ƬĿ˻Σɰܾڴһˡ

̨ȦʱȻҲͬڹעνաײ
ʼռ֮ǰַڴҪĽ֡
νաھҪˡʵ˵һе棬׻һʲôӵĶƬ
϶һʵĶƬˡֻǲǹҵ˿
ԤһʰɡͲƽʡһӦûǳҲٻ2.0ϵġ
Ƭʼ¼4.6ƽʼ¼4.0ƽʼ¼Ϊ4.42.0Ĳ²⻹ǱȽϿ׵ġҲ2.0ɡ
տʼӦúܸߣŷӦûήͲ١ƽҲͽˡԣҲ1.5ɡ
˵еӦҲûô͡ԣҲ1.6ɡ
ôߣҲ1.3
ô͡Ҳ1.6ϡ

̨Ȧӵ˺ܶ඼ڲʣձ黹ǺܺõģΪʻ᲻
Ͼǵһ



ڶǧİʮ ֮ǰ뷨̫޴
ȻšνաײʱԽԽ̨Ȧӵˣ½ѵ̨ƶٵ̨
ǵȻҪԿһνաһʲôĶƬ
Ҫۿţƶٵ̨ľݣҲ޷ǡ
ֻһغա
ڣͿҪʼˡ
ʱܶҳǣҲԼĺӣ˵ӻǰ׼տνա
ȻܶûкӵˣʱҲͬ˵ӻǰ
˵Ҫ֧֡νաȻҪ֧֡
ܶ˶룬ǡνաûжȤҲҪȡꡣ
ʵǲ뿴ˣҲҪõӼš̨Ҳصӡ
Ƶƶٵ̨
ƶٵ̨ǰĴ̨ԣǶƶٵ̨ǺϤġ
ֻǣֲϰƶٵ̨Ƭ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô͸оƶٵ̨ƬЩİ
һΪˡνաˡ
ϣܶڵȴƬʼˣһߵȴһ߻顣
ҪʼˡһǵһοĶƬƷܺòÿһ֧֡
ÿ϶ÿͿʲʺǿˣ
ҷͦڴġ
Ҳͦڴġ㿪ʼɡ

ܶ˶ڵȴʱڵ롣
νաһʼ
ȿʼȻĻ
Ļ֮ǵķӦ֮ǰڵĹǣһοĻʱķӦࡣ
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ĳ̶ȱ֮֮ǰڵĹǣй֮޲
˵϶д𾪺;ϲ
ޣҿʲôֱ̫˼ˣ
̫˧ˣ̫ˣܹӵһ̫ˡ
ĶƬÿ֮ǰ˵νաȻʣӦòʺǹҵĺǿڣֻ˵һ޴뷨ǲ֪ھߵҵĺӣжô˷ܣҴûһƬ˷ܹ̫˼ˣ
ҵȻ֪ΪҵĺҲһӸոտʼҵĺӾһֱ˷ܵĴСûϲһƬ
̫ˣⲿƬһҹҵġǡĦ˹̽һ
ҪΪ֮ǰ޴˵Ǹ֮ǰ˵νաӦֻʺϻĺǿڣ˵ʺǹҵĻǿԣ㲻ûʺϸҵĺǿԣǲԡֻǺϲΪӦҲϲǷǳϲġҺȷһ㡣
ȫͬĹ۵㣬ҲΪǳˣҲͬϲҲȷһ㡣һƬܹóҲϲֻܹõ
֮ǰ룬ǲÿҲҪֿȥڣȫһ޴뷨һԤУⲿƬʻᴴµļ¼
ǿ϶ġҲڽܹµļ¼
ǵģҲΪڴɣ

ĺڵӻǰ˷ܵĻͬʱ΢һĺӣлߵĸĸ
лĸǿһ˺ÿĶƬ
ļҳǣֻûкӵĳǣҲͬԵú˷ܡ
Ҳû뵽νաһǶǳϲĶƬ
ǶѾ˾ⲿƬ׷ˡ
Ժÿʱ򣬳򲻵ѵ֮⣬Ҫڵӻνա
ⲿƬ̫Ǹеϲˡ

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νաΪʲôһƬ
֮ǰȻȫⲿƬ⵽׸һ޴뷨
ȻԸǿģԸƶٵ̨ĶƬĿ˶
ǣ֪ǲԸ⿴ģѾעΪʵ
һγ׿ˣҲ׵ĳΪ޴ˡ
ԭֻҪһϷһƶٵ̨һεķһ
ԭΪǻῴһϷ
Ϸս־ǣƶٵ̨׵ķƬĿǵһǱھ֣Ӵ֮󳹵ʧ
ȻڵĽȴǣǱƶٵ̨˺Ϸ
أƶٵ̨֮ǰֲãۣСһ
̫ˡ
Ҳûǰ취һνաһʲôĶƬ
ǰˣֻǿĻҲ֮ǰ޴жϡ
ڣΪʱһѾעҪˡ



ڶǧİʮ Ǵһ
̨Ȧӵȫʮ־ɥ
ھɥͬʱĪЩܺͼ
ΪνաƬ
׿֮ǰƶٵ̨ΪһڵĻġνա棬˷ܺͼ
ⲿƬʺĺǿǳˣӦҲȤ
ԼһѾȫˡ
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ڣձΪҲҪ3.0ˡ
ңԺ󻹻ԽԽߣƶƬĿʼ¼ӦҲûʲô⡣
̶̵ʱ֮󣬴ҶʵĿѾ췭ظ
ȻֶЩɬһԹĶƬȴԼҵĶƬĿʼ¼ٶЩ̫ġ
֮顣
ⲿƷԻôһĴټּߣӭ֮һ
ԣֿɬĳ̶ȣֽ˵С
ȻЩĿɬ֮⣬˶ʲô⡣
̨ĸ߲ǣҲͬˡνաĲ
Ҳͬе𾪣֮ǰȻôصС
Ȼ󣬼ͬʱһͬľ
Ǿǰʥ壬νաƬǵ̨ҲͬҪνա
֪ƶٵ̨ǩǶײЭ顣
Ҳ˵ƶٵ̨һ鲥֮ǰǲܲ
Ⲣûйϵȵƶٵ̨һ֮ٲͿˡ
ţһƬزҲһ
һ󵰸⣬ͷƶٵ̨ȥˣֻܷһˡ
ʮźҲûа취˭һε۹⣬ԶԶƶٵ̨ء
ȻֻܷһˣΪһεĵʵ̫󣬼ֻǷһֵҲȻܴ
ԣ̨ĸ˷׷ǰʥ塣

ƶٵ̨
ά˹򡢼µȸ߲ǣ̨֪ĸˣ׷ǰʥϢ֮ǰδе泩
Щһ֮ǰνաһ£мһˣΪǲڲͶҽһˡ
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ԣһڸ߲Ƿ׷˵ά˹һεĹȫһ˵ġ
¶˵ά˹һɵƯΪ֮ǰķԣʾǸ
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ʱ˵ڼѾܹٷ֮ٵȷˣƶٵ̨ĶƬĿܹʹˡ
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ά˹ʼ¼һġǽʱûдƣԺҲһơ
߲Ƿ׷׵ͷҲš
ôһʺƽʣֱж٣ȷʵ൱ֵڴ
ܿ죬νաһŽ
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5.2ƽ5.1
ƶٵ̨еĸ߲ڣȫסˡ
Ȼ֮ߡ
Ҫ֪ƬĿʼ¼4.6ƽʼ¼Ϊ4.4
ڣȻһֱӴʼ¼
ңԭ¼ࡣ
һԵ漣
ά˹ǿѹסԼļ˵ͳƲ˰ɣ
ҲǲǳˡǣԿ϶ǣݲûг
ά˹ô˵ƶٵ̨һδһ漣ˣ
ǵģά˹ûܹ񶨡׼ȷ˵Ӧ˵ҹһ漣
ά˹ȷˡûһ仰˵ֻĳѣ㲻ʲô漣
˵̫˼ˡ
µȷˣ̫˼ˡƶٵ̨ĶƬĿüˡԺ󣬿˭öƬĿ٩ǣָо̫ˣ
һüˡԺû˸öƬĿ٩ƶٵ̨ˡ
еĸ߲ǹЦǰδеĳ졣
Ц֮˵һαҪллˡνաôһƷ
µǵģҪлǴһ
ĸ߲ȫͷȫ޳ɼµĻ
Ǵһ



ڶǧİʮ ⲿƬΪ紫
ƶٵ̨پüһƬڡ
̨Ȧӣڿνա֮򳹵׵ɵˡ
֪ʻǳҲû뵽˿Ű
ֱӴʼ¼ҲͰˣƫƫԭʼ¼ô࣬⻹ҪҪ˻˰
ڵһʾ˿ˣԺ󵽵׻ǵһֲ֣
˵ܹԤõԺʻԽԽͣǻܺһ㡣
ƫƫ˶ΪνաԺʲԽԽͣǻԽԽߡ
ֲĵط
̨Ȧӵˣˡ
⵽һĶƬôͻȻоⲿƬһĴ档ڣڿʼ
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ǵ̨ĸҲȥˡȻֻܷһˣҲҪȡȥֻ֡һֵпܳǵڣνաų˵һ˭֪ԺγӰأ
൱ڴѾνաȦˡоܱϾҪˡ
Űɣȷ൱ڴ


˵̨Ȧӵ֮⣬ͨĹǣʱҲ֪ˡνաʣҲզࡣ
û뵽Ȼ֮ߡ
ƺ
ǵĺӿôСУΪ˷ܡԼҲȫˡ
һƬٸ߶
Ҳͬ˷ܵţνա⡣
ȻҳǣһͬĿա
Ǿǵĺǣڿˡνա֮ͻȻ˵ҲҪνա
ҪҪƷ䣬Ҫ컢ȵȡ
ļҳǳ׵ɵۺͿˡ
ЩǶƬ鹹ﰡǵŪƷ䡢컢ȥ
Щǲʡġ
ҳַ׷Сܿ˵ΪȫΪ¶աΪĿӵƷ䡢컢Сνաе
ģôӵУеļҳ˲Ȥ
ʵϣֻǵĺҪԼźܴȤ
ܹӵУһһǳ顣
Ƕû˵ڻ롶νաͬеģбνߡ˵Щߵĸ棬붯ƬĽɫȫһģһ
ңңؿƣܹȫԶȫΡ൱Ŀ˧
νڻʮֻ𱬡˵еĵһ죬һСʱʱ䣬ȫеıνߣͱһˡ
г˻𱬵ߣǹҵǣȻѾˡع˶ãǹҾͻбνտ
ʱ򣬴ҾͿԸԼĺӹƷ䡢컢ˡ
ֻǣʱг϶ʮֽΣһܹõԣй뷨ˣһҪ׼
棿бνߣ֮ǰûôעⷽš
ȷġҲ˵ˡھϣҹǣܹνߡǹҵۣӦҲͬǳ𱬵ġ
νߣ˷ǳڴ

֮ܶǰ֪бνߵļҳǣ˵бν֮󣬲ָеһϲ
ͬʱȫűνߣܹС

߹˾֪߹˾֮һ
һ֮ǰ߹˾ĸˣ޾͵˻ʥ壬ǩ۱νյЭ顣
ڣ߹˾Ѿľ߹˾ˮߣڽܹĵĴνߡ
߹˾Ѿ֮ǰеȫͣˣֻνߡ
˱νߣǰЩߣѾûκεļֵ
ڣ˶ڱʾϣνܹС
ڵģ߹˾еˣʮֿܡ
νߵгȻ֮ǰһ޴
߹˾Ͻһٷ档
гƣѾӻ˱νߣڽܹĵС
һԤһ֮󣬾ܹУڴ
һܿϴ
˲˷ˣԭѾ߹˾ɹ˱νߡ
ˮ߹˾ɵƯ
̫ˣһڵʱ䣬ʵ˵е㳤ˡ
ˮ߹˾һɣ㿴νߡ




ڶǧİʮ ʼ
ǡνաƬǱνߣѾӵ˷ǳߵ
νաֻһͳ׵Ĺڡ
˺ǣ˳ǡ
ν߻ûʽУ˵̵̳꣬绰߹˾
ϣܹһνߡ
ֱܵ߹˾׷ظǩͬ
Ȼе̵̳꣬ȷԻʥıνߣǳܻӭ
ȫѾȲģҪνˡ
ּе̵̳꣬ඩһߵʢǿǰġ
Ǿġ
е̷׷׸̾
ʢǰֱͼδδšԺܳһʱνߣֻ¶ҹǵˡ
ֻǺǣ˽⣬кܶĳˣһҲҪνߡ˹ȻΪղأҲӦֻǵһȥ档ǰ󡣡
νաƬֻһѾ漣νߣҲؽᴴ漣
ôһ֤ɡʵ˵Щ˷ܺͼ
Ҳһ
ƬѾ漣߼漣
˵µĴ档
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ˡνաƬĹңڡνաƬһ֮󣬶ùǸеΪľϲ
νաѸٳΪǹܻӭĶƬ֮һû֮һ
ȻұνߵҲࡣ
ҲǻûʽۣѾڴˡ
кӣҲгˡ
Ȼ󣬸̵̳Ҳʮֿܹνߡ
νա紫棬ʽʼ졣

ʥ塣
˽˸ײνա֮Ҳֵĸп
ġνա棬վǴ棬ǻһ磬Ҳ׵ģ̤˳Ϊ紫ĵ·
˶Ƭ֮⣬νաܱܶߣԺ󶼻һһƳ
νաϵдӰ
⣬֮ǰ˵һҪǩνաЭˣҪ֮ǰ˺ܶࡣ
Դˣ߲ܡ



ڶǧİʮ һտ
ǰǩԼģҵĸ̨ˣԼǣҲͬϲԽ
ȻһεĶѾˣֻǷһˡ
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ܹԤеνաĸֵļֵԺ󽫻ԶԶǵ
ܹȷڵһ档
ʾԺӦûƳνաϵ˴ӰϢýǴ֮
ѸȫҵģڶӰ˾ԱͶˣԼͨǵǿҹע
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ѯ̫ˣһͷֻøϽһ򹫸档
˵ʱǴӰˣҲҪټѯˡԺо֮󣬻ڵһʱ֪ͨ硣
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Ʒ̫ܻӭˣЩʱҲǺ°

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ԣСѾͷѧˡеġǡָȻ顣
ŤͷһȻСѾͷվڲԶ
ˣǰδ泩
СѾͷܹק֣˵磬ǳտɡþûտˣտˡոҸʦ˵ˣʦ˵Ҳԡ
ʱҲ˹СѾͷһ£˵˵ԣֻ˵ԳԶѡ
СѾͷ˼Ҳ
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ũׯԱǣԼҪڴҹοǣĶ
ȻҪԼԶֿġһ˿ɿ˶١
տӺܶ࣬ʳĸӦоС
ԣжˣҪԶٶû⡣
СѾͷӦˣ˷ܵĻһȻܿˡ
Ѿͷҡҡͷ
Ȼһ绰ѽٰտϢȥԵ¥һ׼
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ܿ죬ٰһտϢӡ
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ܶԭҪ뿪ˣ׷׾ˡ
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ҪһտҳտĻ
տᣬעἫΪ֡Уоһǳˬ
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൱׳ۣ˷ܡϣܹһڰ
ںֻܶ¶ϣ

ͨο֮⣬вϸҵĵ˺̡
֮УеѾǩ˺Э飬Ȼٴ졣
ҲеΪԭʱûǩЭ顣
ڣȻҲ˵տ顣
ҪٰտǳҲҪȥμӡ
տǳóԣҲǳ˼ҲҪμӡ
κ˶Բμ̫ˣ

еĵ˺̣ǳ˷ܵıʾҲҪμϵտᡣ
ֻǣЩ˲ȷӭЩ˲μӣ
ԣϵѯǲҲԲμӣ
õĴǵȻԲμӡ
ңʾǳӭǲμӡ
Ϣ֮һЩЩǵ˺ǣ׵ķ
ȻͨοһǿҵڴտĿʼ

ԵȥǴȥ֣ࡢ˵һ
û뵽Ϣ֮졣ϲμտˣ㲻Ҫ˰
Ц޷ٶҲû⡣ңԽԽã˶
ʱĳһǳ׳ۣЩڴء
ʵ˵ҲЩڴоȷͦ˼ġǰôû뵽ٰտأ
ûϵԺٰˡ
һЦ˵˵ҲǡԺͶٰһЩ



ڶǧİʮ ֳǳֺ׳
ʱ˵Եӡ
֣ࡢڣѾ˵տ顣
ǲ˵ˡ
֣ЦСôͻȻҪʲôտˣоЩͻȻ
ԭ˵ˣСѾͷ˵Ҫտ
ǸѾͷ֣ࡢ˶ݸ
СѾͷҪտȴôĶԵĴֱʰ
֮˵Ŀǰٻǧ˲μӣ˴ģտӦöǵһβμӰɡң˶ҪĵʳģҲһСĿ
Ц޷ԽԽá˶ʳģѾԵ¥׼ˡٶ˶ܹ
֣ЦʳȻ󣬵ũׯ˵ֱӿԺԲơ˶ˣػǳ˼׳۰
ҪľЧϽԶ𣿡
֣׳۵տֳȻǱҪԶֵġ
ӿڵҪԶ֡
ЦҲã֡

ӣһЩΪԭ򣬱Ҫ뿪ӵο֮⣬˶Ϊտᣬѡڴҹ
ڣɫˡ
οһ˷ܵ໥տ飬һǰտĵص㡣
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顢ϰ衢СѾͷ֣ࡢһˣҲտֳ
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ҲͬԲСѾͷԱߣòС
϶ҵģ˺ǣҵ
ȻµĿտ
в֮ǰûгԹտ
ȻȻûгԹ֪տôһֶ
԰ع˹֮ǰʹûгԹտ
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Χһݸ
ԼһһҧȻ˹˵˹ǳóԡ
˹ƲԥҲһڽһҧ
Щ飬ЩζȴǼá
˹۾



ڶǧİʮ ȥɽҰ
֮˹ƾϲķ֣ԭտ˺óԣֲ˼Ҷôϲء
ֳ׳۵ĳ棬˹ƾ̲סĸ̾
ȻʮڴĶ˵ٸһζǺüˣ
ЦЦָָԱʳʵʳģ˵˹ҪٳԵĻҪԼԶֿˡ
˹ƸϽޣӦõġҺܱǸҸողӦҪġҵȷӦԼ֡ң⿴ƺǳ˼
ЦҲȷ˵˹ȷӦóһ¡
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ȫе߳ҡеǣѾ֪Ϊˣпٴˣ


ڶǧİʮ æһӰ籾
νաĸ֣ڶ̶̵ʱ֮ڣѾȫ˴档
ȻҲǸпǧȫ˵ˣֻһˡ
Ȼ֪˵ֻǻȻ̲סĸп
νô͵˴棬ȻҲЩġ
ǰľƷţ
ںɵĻȴǫ˼䡣
֮˵ϸôпʥˣ
ЦмҪ鷳ϵܰæѽ
һЦ֪ǰ϶ġ
˵ʲô鲻ڵ绰˵𣿺ϸҪܹ
ɵжʱûˣҲӿ˳Ϣ졣
ԭˡͷֵôʲôҪæϸֱ˵ǡ
ɵҪ鷳ϵܰæһӰ籾
ŶʲôĵӰ籾ϸڲǶĵӾôҪĵӰ𣿡
ɵȷһӰ뷨ˡǡڼǰһλǰжҵͶҵңϣܹһӰ֮ǰͶʧܣѾƲıԵһ׼óеĻһˡԣŻҡ
ԭˣͷ
ɼ˵һ籾йϵһλ紴ġҿ˾籾֮Ϊ籾Ȼȷ㲻Ҳֻǲѡ׬ǮӦⲻ󣬵ҲС׬һЩܴ׬Ϊһ岻ԣҲ鷳ϵܰæһ籾
ͷ˵Ǳ籾һĵģ
ɵװϲ硣û⣬˵г֮һ籾еĻһжǰ״
װϲ𣿡Ƭ̣ЦЦ˵ͦõġڴҵѹϲƬȷܻӭ
ɵˡϵܿȤ
ЦȻλԺϸжϸֿˣæȻҪġ
һӰ籾ѣ˵ֱһǳС顣
жںɣ˴ӣȻܾ
ңܹ˻ٽһǰľӰҲڷǳԸ顣
Ѿӵ˿ӵеһУھܹܶģǰЩδľƷͿˡ
ԣɵȫܾ
ɼӦЦҾ֪ϵܻӦġϵܵľ籾ǰǱ籾Ϳˡˣϵܴ㴴һĵģ
ȻڹװϲǳܻӭǾ͹װϲˡ
ǴЦЦ֮˵ã͹װϲ硣˵ϵ֮ǰĵӰƷģƺûйװϲһࡣڣϵҪһװϲ磬֪Ϣ֮󣬲֪Ȼ󲨣
Ȼǿ϶ġ
ңǳӿ
һССĶΪȫĽ㣬˵һӰˣ֮ǰδĹװϲһࡣ
һϢ˶Ϊ֮
ЦһӰѡֻϣܹϲһжҪ
ɵϵܵһƷǲϲˣھͰϢ֪Ϣ֮󣬻˷ܵɡˣ˻ϵܻ֡
ͷȷ˵йٳɹͶʡھȻҪƲˣϣ
ɵǰϡһȻֻж̶ʮܹ꣬Ĳۣȴ֮ࡣ
˵꣬ɴ˻ĵ绰Ҳͨˡ

һԢ
˻ӽϿʼͷǳĽţǰδеĽš
Ϊ˵һͻʥȥæһӰ籾
Ӱ籾еһзһˡ
ɹҵʹ˿µ㡣
ʧܣƲһС
֮ǰǸ籾˻ǺġΪһܺþ籾Ӧûп׬ȡһʲٵǮ
ϧɿ֮󣬱ʾ籾ֻһã׬Ǯⲻ󡣵Ҫ׬öһЩƾͲˡ
ڣȥæ籾
һӦֱܹƾƷﵽ֮ǰδй۷塣
ĵӰӰ֮
˻һš
֮ǰʵȥʥæ籾ԥ֮ڸǷˡ
ԭΪݵλ̫ߡ˵Ǿ֮ϵ
ûлԵʶȥæ
ڣɰȥˡ
죬ʱ̣ܹţ
ɸ绰ֺºɸ绰
ǳºɸģеʹĽ
ʱһһĹȥ˻ԽԽºɵĵ绰
ɵĵ绰ڻˣ˻͵һ顣
Ȼ΢΢ЩĽͨ˵绰



ڶǧİʮ Ϣһ궯
н𣿡ҲЩ
ȷнˡ
һ֮˻˵绰˵Ŀܺͼ
ӦˣõϢ֮һ
ǰȥҺɰæȻҶˡ
ȥҺɣôȥʥæ
˻ǰδеļ֪ԼԲƲˡ
һεͶʣɹͶʣû֮һ
ܹж棿ڲ֪Ҳ롣ֻ֪һһǳϲ˵֡
ĻԵˡ

ʥ塣
ɹ˵绰˵һδ˼
ЦԸʧɡ
ɵϵܵĵӰʧĻϾû˵ĵӰܹϣˡ
ϸ⻰ɾ̫˰ѹܴġ
ɹһЦ˵ϵ⻰ҿһҲšˣҵ繫ϢϵܵĵӰҲȲ֪Ϣˡ
ЦЦ˵ϸ㡣
ɵͷȻֻͨһ΢Ϣ
ϢбʾһƷһӰӰ籾Դ
Ϣܿϴ˶һ㶡
Ӱ籾Դ
νաƬȫȲôҪƳһӰ
ʵЩŰ
ҶԼǲǿˣȻ󶨾ϸһֲûп
ҪƳһӰˡ
ӳ׵˷ܺͼˡ
ҪƳһµӰϢ˲Ϊţû֮һ
۷׷ס
һ벻ľ޴ϲĵӰʲô͵ĵӰһǳÿڴڴ
ϻĵӰܲÿϣܹͿʼ㣬ȻϽӳʵǲȵ̫á
ϢԺǺȥҵлȻӦòʱƳӰƷ
֪һһ͵ĵӰϣܹиһϢ
ҲǳҪ֪
ģӴ˿̿ʼµӰϢһ㲻ͣ֡Ҫ֪κϢ֡

˷ּܶýҲͬ˷ܺͼ
ذϢܹڽܳһʱõû˵ıˡ
Ӱӳﱸʼٶٿ죬ҲҪµʱɡ
µʱֻҪµӰصţͲõĶ⡣
Ӱ֮
һʱ֮䣬µӰϢռýͷͷ
ذƳһӰƷɺɵִ㣡
ɣҵһƷǵӰԴĵӰ
µӰʹ룺ϲӰֻǶӰ
̡νա֮ֽƳһӰƷ


˷ۣܵý˷ܵıеԱǣʼĪĿܡ
ֵһΣӰƷĻᡣ
ңһλǵӰƷܹɹ֣ӵѸ͡
ԣеԱǣʼͨԼһεĵӰʲô͵ģĽɫЩ裿ǷзԼĽɫ
еԱǣϣܹµӰǶС
ںܶͨԱ˵ܸҲԸ⡣
һʱ֮䣬ԱȦȫ궯

ʥ塣
ɼ򵥵˽һϵĶ̬֮󣬹Ц֪Ϣһܿͻ᳹׵궯
ƷҪκε
ֻҪųһϢͻеý౨һᣬýߣܹټֳȫ
Ȼ󻹻дͶšͶʣ㿪
ܶĵӰΪҵһͶ˶Ѿ˼ܹͶʣǳμ穡
ȻҲдĴԱϣܹһ¾
ܶĵӰҪĳһԱݣһܹ뵽
ܹ뵽Ƭ֮⣬ʱпָܳ۶ӣԽ
󣬵ӰɱˡҪΪӰȫزͣܣٰһһεĻƣ
ĵӰеһж⣬һж÷ǳ򵥣ֻҪǣҪβܽӰЧĵþͿˡ
һξֻҪˡ
ڵ˵ĵӰҲһġ
ǾǻвСѹ
ΪĲãʱ޷Ҳ޷˽
ԣвٵȻʮֿܹĵӰͬʱЩĵӰ
ǿסѹ
Ƕں˵Ҳһѹġ
ȴ˷ܺڴһѹѣΪǡ



ڶǧİʮ ͸¶Ϣ
ѾȲˣϵܣ籾ʲôʱܹ
ɡͿø㡣
ɹЦ֪ϵܵĴٶȣȻ١ϵܵľ籾ʵ̫˷ܺڴˡ֪ϵܷ΢͸¶һݣ
һƳһӰѾ˴㡣
Ҫ͸¶һ㣬Ȼûġ
ԣ˵Ѿ֪нĴӡһεӰ˹ǽĴ֮һ
Ĵӣȷܹ֪ˡ
ڴ˶ԣνġֶֻ֪֪ѡ
ȻѾ㹻ˡ˹Ĵ֮һ͸˺ڴ˰
ɸԵ˷ܣ׷ʵϵܣܹܲپһЩĴеһƲף֦ɽ䣿
ںܶӰӾУĴΪƲף֦ɽı
ıʷвûȷءӦòʵʷֻǺ鹹һ
ʵʷϣ֮ΪĴ֮һˣӦ䡣
ֻǣʫĺƣͨ黭
һƲף֦ɽ˾黭ͬ
Ϊԭ򣬺ΪĴйͬóĶ䣬Ȼ׫ıһ
˺ɵ׷֮ȴЦ˵ϸ֪ˡ
Σܹ֪ˣȵ̫á
ң֪˹ǽĴ֮һѾ㹻˷ˡ
룬ɾ϶͸¶һЩϢ
ȻȫûҪɿ˵ĸֲ²֮󣬺ЩҪ͸¶һЩϢ
ǣһθһ΢ҲȥͦġҾ͸͸¶һ°ɡһεĵӰǹװϲ͡ң˹Ĵ֮һ
΢ݣͬں̵ܶʱ֮ڣ硣
ȻһҲ²ⲻݵ˴𰸡
ǾһεĵӰһ͵ģ
ý壬ѸˣǳȤ
ҷ׷ײ²ⲻݣ˵ӦϲƬڴҵѹ϶һϲƬҺúõĻһѹ
Ҳ˵ӦǶӰ
ΪνաƬڻ硣ڣпܼƳһӰ
Ȼ˵͵ҲС
ң˵ÿһ͵ˣܹҵԼɡ
۷׷ף۲ݣò֡
Ȼ󣬸ýҲͬɷµĴƷ˵ͷͷǵ
²޴ڡ
ǿ̲סҪ͸¶Ϣ
Ҳٲ²ˣ𰸰ɡ
ɾġò˵ָоܲ
ɵĴһϹȻٲ²顣
Ȼ󣬲²˵˹Ц˷ܲѡ
ȻϲƬװϲҲϲ粻ǡҲ²ϲƬӦǲ²˰ɡϲƬð뿴ģϲƬ
ִϲƬ͹װϲƬźܴġԶԣҸϲװϲƬһεĵӰϲָ͡оʵ̫ˡ
Ҿ˵ɣһϲƬ֮ƳϲƬԭӦúҷһڵѹϣһϲƬΪǻһѹϲӰһⷽЧңЧ϶ǳʵ̫ڴˣ
ϲӰܹ˻һѹⲿӰ˵÷ǳʱ
ˣûмǴĻӦĵһϲӰɣⲿӰһ塣
ûмǴȷĵһϲӰ͸ڴ˰

¶˷ܲѡûв¶ԵˣҲһ㶼ɥֻͬ˷ܡ
Ȼ²͵ĵӰⲢ˵Ǹϣ͵ĵӰ
ֻǸԼķΪӦ͵ĵӰѡ
ңʵϣĵӰһ͵ĵӰǶһϲڴ
˵ȷϲƫһЩ͵ĵӰ˵Щ͵ĵӰ̫ϲ
ǣĵӰǾȫˡ
ԶԲ̫ϲͣĵӰһǳÿ
Ǽ˵Ĺʶ
ԣ֪ǹװϲ֮󣬲ûκ˾ʧ
ƽʱ̫ϲϲ͵ӰˣʱҲֻ˷ܡڴ
˵ϲӰȷЩÿϲӰһǳÿ
˾ĵӰ
ԣ֪֮󣬶Եú˷ܡ
Ȼֿʼ۵׻ĹװϲӰ
ʱ򣬺һ΢һҪϢΪϢ
˹ȻǣĽĴ֮һ



ڶǧİʮ µӰƲ㡷
ĽĴӣϾ˶֪ġ
Ȼڴ˵ֻ֪֣Ѿ㹻ˡ
һ˹Ĵеһ൱ĺȤˡ
ע˶Դ˽в²⣬һֵ־ʹ˿ʼ
ΪпܻƲϾоƲԶߵġ
Ҳп˰Ҫ֪ĵӰһҪѡߵƲԣΪпܻף֦ɽ
˭пܣ˭¿϶ȫ鹹ġ
˭ûйϵֻϣܹһ͸¶Ϣ

˶ڲ²⣬ȻкüŻվϽȶȡ
Ƿ׷ԼվϾٰн»
˹׻ǽĴеһĸѡͶƱ²⡣
Ȼڲ¶ԵУȡһ˵ˣӦĽ
ΪܹõŻվĽȽˡ
Ǽˣ˲Ȥ
Ǳھ²⣬Ȥ˲²ƽ̨пܵõ˵ĽȻܹ˸е൱˷ܡ
ǣŻվٰĲ²ǳߡ
κһվͶƱ˲ȻԲٶȣϵǡ
ȶʼұȫһ
ýȻͬǸֱٱᣬִ˲ˡ
һԱ˵ʱǿܹⲿµӰ
ֻ͸¶һϢѣȶȾѾȫһˡ
ôԿ϶ǣڿʼӳôʱ֮ڣȶʱҾȫһ
Ȼӳ֮Ʊؽըпȫӳ
һԱ˵ܹĵӰЩǳ޴á
ԣԱҪݵ뷨ǿңһߵľԱ
ԱȦһƬ궯

ʥ塣
ɵǰеĺãһڴй䣬ʲôø
Եǰ
֣ЦǺǵ˵˹Ĵ֮һ𣿵ȷ˷ǳ棬һϲƬ
СӦþͻѾ籾Ūʱһ֪
֣ҲáʱСӰѾ籾ó
ϣԵ¥Էϰ֡衢顢СѾͷ塢֣ࡢ˵ȻҲڡ
һٷȻ
ص֮򿪵ԣʼ籾
Ȼ׼ȷ˵Ӧǿʼƾ籾
һҪĵӰǰһǳĹװϲӰƲ㡷
ⲿӰǳ۵ĴƷ֮һ̶Բض˵
һ˿ʵһǳź顣
ϲƲԻ̫ʦϵѾһ顣
Ȼڴİ£ʩչı˻ʼ椴ơ
һ֮óɻ顣
ӰƲΡ书ǿŶաʷʵƲŷǳ
ûйϵӰϷ˵鹹ֲʷﴫǡ
ΪǸƣɵٶȷǳ죬ûһ籾Ѿɡ
֮ֽ籾ӡ˳һ
ʱ߽鷿ľ籾Щϲ˵Ѿд𣿡
ͷ籾ݸ飬˵ô
ѽӹ籾

ӰǡƲ㡷ϲ˵ȻƲҾ֪Ʋֻǣ㡯ʲô˼
Ц֮ˡ
ͷʼ籾
֮Բ֪㡱ʲô˼Ϊ֪㡱һ
֪һĻǴܹʲô˼ġ
㲢ʷʵڵǰƷ鹹
ûС㡱һ
ǰƲ֮Ĺ£ڲٵѧƷ䴫˵֮С
ûС
ǰ³ΣС˵ңͬƷ̸֮С
˵ݲӳԪԸŵ
һΣԪһŮӲڶԳ¹ȻһЦ
һЦóԪ׵Ķˡ
ǣ˴ݣԭһٻ˼ҵѾ
Ϊܹõ㣬Ԫһװ֮󣬻Ǽҹٻ˼˹ٻ˼ӵİͯ
֮󣬳ԪоѾȫ벻ˣΪʱѾˡ
ǣԪӻѳƣҪؼȢȥˡ
ӲϣԪ뿪˵ôŮóԪһס
ԪĻŭţȵľ仰Ȼ˵Ȼˣ͹ˡ
Ȼֹһ˼֮˵Ҿ͵ɡ
ĽȻǳԪɹ˹顣
±ǡƲ㡱µĳΡ
Ȼڽ¾ǵٴִӳԪΪƲ
Ʋ֮ġһЦԵҲչˡЦԵ
ҲԽԽӡ



ڶǧİʮ Ȳ뿪
ӰƲ㡷ԴƲ֮䣬ЦԵĹ¡
ڣšЦԵĹ£Ҳ紫
鷭籾ֻһСƬ֮󣬾̲סġ͡һЦ۾ﶼЦ⡣
ȻԽԽǻ֣Ц̫ˡ
⻹ֻǿľ籾ĳɵӰ֮Ч϶Ҫõöࡣ
ȻǰҪĵ㹻á
źܹĺãҲ԰ѹء
ȻҲڴˣ㡱ʲô˼
ԭһ̫ʦѾƲΪ㣬ѾĻڻ̫ʦ
Ƿǳ˼
籾꣬ѾΪ֣˵ȫ鹹İʷӦҲû˰ɡ
ȷȫ鹹ġҲ鹹ġôÿ𣿡
ǳ˼ҪĳЧƲԱҪ󣬷ǳ߰ҪݼΪӲСԱƲ̫ҡ
Цû£ң϶ܹҵġҲҪԱҺá
ͷ϶ҲͶ໨һЩʱˡ

ڶ죬ϡ
ľ˴ȻһֱԥҪҪȥ
˵ϵʱӦþѾ˾籾ȥȫǿԵġ
־ʱ̫һ㣬һѡǣ֮ٴ籾أ
ȥֻ¾Ͳʡ
ԥԥģʱܿ쵽ŵ㡣
Ȼ󣬺˾ģأȹȥ˵
ǣ߳Ե¥ֵԺǰ
ԶԶľͿˣվԺǰϣ˵
һϲ籾ȷѾˡ
ӿ˽ŲȻԶԶľʹϵܡС㣬Ϻð
ЦϸϺá
Ҳͺʺá
Ѽ֮󣬺Ȳ˵ϵܣ籾Ѿ˰ɣ
ͷЦ֪ϸʮּУҲץʱ䣿
ɹһЦ˵ʵϵˡʵ˵ҵȷѾȲˡ
ͷȻɵԺ¡
籾ͷڲ輸ϣһ¾Ϳˡ
ȻЩȲ˵Ӧþ˰ɣϵܣҾȿˡ
ЦЦʾ⡣
ȲķӰ֮Ҳ˵һ䣬ȻƲҾͲ²ӦƲ
ȻҲ֮ǰһԡ㡱Щԡ
ɲûгѯʣֻ֪Ҫ˾籾֮Ȼˡ
Ȼʽʼ籾
֮ǰһܿͱ籾ˣȻԽԽ˷ܡ
ʲôϲ磿ϲ簡
ϲЧʮȻܶϲƬܶطǿиЦŶΡ
ⲿӰһ˿һθо
籾֮󣬺Ѿ˷ܡĲѡ
ĵӰһ־Ǿ䡣
ǵģ䡣
ȻڻŸոտ籾Ѿ϶ⲿӰֻҪĺˣһǾ䡣
ԳΪĳڣʵ̫ˡ
ľ籾ʵ˵ĸ˺ܴѹ
ں˵ȴ˷ܺͼ
ʮֵĿܣһҪⲿӰĺá
ɹЦϵܵƷ̫ǿˡ
Ц˿ϸˡ
ɵֹ⣿ֱǷǳ⣡̫ˣϵܷģⲿӰһĺãΪ䡣
ͷȻźϸ硣
ɵⲿӰɫʻԱѡǳҪƲɫԱѡΪҪϵܿȤһѡԱ
ͷҲãҾ͸ϸοο
ɰֵӦ˵ϵܣ²˳٣ͻȥǰ׼齨ˡʽʼԾԱʱ鷳ϵһˡ
ھͻȥˣЦϸ첻˵ҪúõڴϢ𣿡
ҡͷϢˣϢˡôõľ籾ѾҴˡﻹϢⲿӰɱ֮Ϣ
ܹ⣬ҲȰ裬ֻ˵ãǾϸˡҾ͵ȥ
֣˵ϸ˷ܶأôࣿ
Ȼ󣬺˸
֮󣬳ԺŴҴȥ
ӣһҲˡ
ЩǲҲ̫ˣ
ԳЦֻ˵Ȿ籾̫ˡúѾȲҪˡ
籾ȻǺþ籾ǰľԾǿЦģ
ֻǣҲûҪôаɣ
ˣоͼаɣȥˡ
ʱ򣬵绰ˣ֣ġ
֣ڵ绰籾ûУˣϽùȥǿ
ðɡֻûص鷿籾´ӡһݡ
Ȼž籾һԵȥ



ڶǧİʮ ɽ˺ķֳ
Ե֣֮ࡢ˶ڡ
֣ЦǺǵ˵˰籾أǿСӵϲӰô
ЦЦ籾ݸ֣࣬˵ɡ
֣ӹ
Ҳչȥһ𿴡
ţƲԡĴԶԣƲġ㣿Щ⡣Ӱ֣֮˵
ȻҲûֱͣӿʼġ
ȻҲû׼ֻͣҪҲˡ

ͬʱѾǰʡǵ
ҪʡȥɻȻǰħ
һξħ齨
ϣɸԼִ˸绰׼һŷĳأ罫ٰһŷᣬ繫һεӰһЩ顣
ָϽӦһͬʱ֪Ѿõ˾籾֮Ҳͬǳ˷ܺڴ
ϲӰ籾Ͼܹˡ
Ȼڵһʱȥųء
Ѿᳵ·ԣܿͰ׵ˡ
Ȼָɻһ绰ʾѾ׵Ҿ֪һأ
ɽӵֵĵ绰֮󣬵ͷȻָһµ΢
΢бʾѾɹõһεӰľ籾Ȼʲôʱ䣬ٰŷᣬýʡϲýǵ
Ϣһһڡ
ͨ˷ܵ۲ͣ
Ҿ֪ɵݺܹܿõ籾Ϊ籾ٶǷǳģҪǵȵ̫áڹȻˣһţ
۴ʲôƷ١ⷽ棬Ǽįġ޵еġ
ȻѾõ˾籾Ϊʲôһ£˹Ĵе˭ҶȲҪ֪Ⱑ
ӦǴŷϹɡˡˣ
ŷ᲻֪ᱬЩʲôϣʵ൱ڴ
籾ѾˡϣܹһȷԱһ㿪ģȻһӳʵǵȲҪ˰
ҲҪµʱɡҲҪôͿʼˡ
ǰĵĵȴɡڣӦڴŷᣬʵġ
ðɣǾڴᡣ

ͨˣýҲͬ˷ܡ
Ҫٰŷ
ܺãԽԽãԽԽ˷ܡ
ý׷ˣȥֳ׼
ķᣬǱҪμӵġ
ȻԱȦӵһԱǣǴ
Ȼ籾Ѿ׼ˣҪĽɫȻҲѾˡ
ЩʲôĽɫԼлһλṫԾѡԱ
Ա˷ܡڴЩţ׷ͨԼĹϵϵɣԼݵ̬ȡ
ûʺԼĽɫ̬Ҫ
ֻкôûлġ

ʥ壬Եǰ
֣ࡢ˿˾籾
֣ЦСӵģһϲӰ˵˼ⲿӰҪĺˣҪΪĽడ
˵ȷǼпܵġֻϧⲿӰҹеĻȽŨҵĹǣƲ̫ϲ˵ܶطⲻеľ֮ͱƲͶԴԶһΡȻⲿӰпȲ
ЦûйϵⲿӰֻΪ˸ԼҿġҲϲĵӰԺлʱľˡ
ͷ⵹ҲǡⲿӰӳʮڴ
һ͵ӡӳʱ䲻̫á
ͷ

ڶ죬ŵ㡣
ħһǼƵһ¥չóΪֳ
ټֳڲӿ룬ųǹڵýǡ
ȻͨҲӿ롣
ʮʱ򣬺ɾͻٰŷᡣ
ȫ´ССеý壬ȫˡ
ֳýߣѾһɽ˺ĸоˡ
ͨĹǣ࣬⵽ˡ
Ƶ귽һʱһҲ̫˰ɣ
ֻһӰѣֲֳҪҪôŰ
֪ĻΪĸǸ֣Ҫ￪ݳء
ϽŴֳάִȻ迨÷Ե̫ӵ
ֳýǣֳָ֮п
ôý壬ذҲû취˭Ӱķأ
Ȼôý壬ǴҪȵķٶȺˡ
ýѾĦȭƣʮֵȲˡ
ֳĹ˷ܲѡ
ǿԲģֱڼſýǵıˡ
ǣ˾ħҲԶΪʲôֳȻһʱϤصϢأ
ԣҲˡȻ󿴵ֳ֮ʮԼˡ
˶ý͹ڵĵӰᣬ֮⣬ֻûӰ
ķ᲻ֳһʧ
ԣֳ֮Ǹӵ˷ܡ



ڶǧİʮ ˷ѽĵӰ
ŵʮ֣ɺֳ
ֳ֮Ȼ׼һ
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
Ҳҿĳ㹻󣬲Ȼýֻ¶޷ȫ
⻹ֻǵӰĵһᣬӰû繫ԱҲһûȷ
ʵ˸пĵӰﻹҪԼһ
п˸пţ̨λϡ
ἴʽʼ
ֳеýǼȫǾһ׼
ֳΧ۵ͨǣҲͬϴҲ²ⲻݵ⣬ھͿҪˡ
ͬʱҲǳ֣˶ڵŷϢ
˵쵽ý峬ټҡҲֻĵӰӰ
˵ֳý֮⣬дͨڣøݳֳƵġ
ΪһķǳֵڴҲ֪ᱬЩʲôϣ
ſɣϾͿʼˡֱǵء

ֳʮ㣬ʽʼ
˻չԽķһܡ
ս꣬кܶļȲĿʼˡѾȲʻˡ
һΪʲôƳһӰȥеҵ㣿
һεӰǷʲôĹ£
һεľ籾˶೤ʱ䴴
˹Ĵеһ

廨ʲôĶС
ֳæֹʾڻʻڣʲôȵʻڵʱᡣ
Ч󣬼ʵ̫ˣס
ֻܶԺɱʾǸ⡣
ЦЦʾûйϵȻش𲿷ˡ
ǣɱʾϣͣһ£ûشһָոմ⡣
ֳ𽥰ýһ˷ܵټǵ׼
ѡһлش𣬱һȥݷõȻҲʮԸΪҴһϲӰȵȡ
Ȼ˶ʮֹעģӰ˹Ĵеһ⣬ͬ˻ش
˼²⣬˴𰸡
ֳýǶڵһʱ䣬Ѷٵݵʽ繫˴𰸡
һʱ֮ϢǵأǴʱڵǰֻǽֻϵˣ֪˴𰸡
˹Ʋ
˲䣬顣Щ²˵˹Ц
ȻƲҾ֪ƲϾԶԣƲĴУ
Ҿ˵Ʋɣʱв˺ءڶ֪Լ˰ɡ
ðдˣͲ²Ҳڽˡֲ²˵ĸоǷǳˬ

²˵˷ܲѣûв¶ԵҲɥ
´˹ȻЩźҲûʲô
Ͼ˹˭ûйϵ
ƲƲɡ
ڹؼǣһƲĹ£
ʷʵƲʵΪʵġ
ȻϲӰӦòϸգʷƲʵ켣ɣ
ϾʵӦòûжϲɫʡ
ȻǵӰǿ϶ȫ鹹Ĺ¡ԣҲ²ӰеƲӦúʷʵƲűȽϴĲࡣ
ӦûдҲΪˣ˶ԵӰ׻һʲôĹ£ʮֵڴ
϶һǳʵĹ¾ˡȻھ֮࣬вƬΡ
ⲻϻ𣿿϶İ
ˣӰֹûУһʲôĹ£ӵӰϻƲһ
˵ҲǡӰӦʱûйȻ϶ҲǵصϢġ
ҲûյϢٵȵȰɣӰ϶ǻṫġңӦÿ˰ɡ
ʵ൱ڴ

ϣ˶ڵĵţڵӰֵϢ
ҶţݵӰ֣ӦܹƲ׻һʲôĹ£
ҲţӰ϶ǻṫġ
ʵȻҲȷˡ
ûһϢһǵϯ
ϢҪǵӰ֣Ʋ㡷
Ӱ֮ȴһ㶡
ΪǷ֣ƺ̫׵Ӱʲô˼
㡱ʲô˼
ǡ㡱˼
ǡƲ㡱ҵܹʲô˼
ؼǣû˵㡱Ա֮Ϊ㡱
ѵΪƲ㡱̫һЩŰѡ㡱ֻΪ㡱ԵøӸš
㡱ֻԼһʡ
ҲȷƺЩƲ㡱ʲô
˼ȻҶҲ̫ʲô˰ɡ
ȻҲпܡ㡱˼
ôʲô˼أ
˵ɫЩŹ֡
ԭΪӰһǾܹݵӰŲ²ӰĵһʲôĹ£
ڣȴֲ޷²⣬ֶЩ޷⡣
Ҳ൱ˡ



ڶǧİʮһ Ҫһħ
ûа취ֻܸܿܲһĽˣ
е˶ڵŹڷµϢϣܹԵӰһĽ͡
ôܹӰʲô˼
Ȼʮܰ

ֳ
еýҲͬӰ˼Ҳ֪Ǳȥ֮ЩˣҲһ޷⡣
ЩһڵǵĽһ
ԣýһ׷ʣӰƲ㡱ʲô˼Ӧ⣿
ҲûǱʾʵһ
㹻ˣϢûҪ͸¶ˣҲ͸¶Ϣˡ

еýȫ˷ˣһǳҪϢϢ֮󣬵Ӱʹܹˡ
ڵһʱ籨
ǣһϢǵء
㡱һϢ硣
˻Ȼԭһ
ĻƺܹˣƲ֮ǰĹ¡
Ȼ֪ʲôĹ£Ҫ϶˵֮Ĺ£һӦûˡ
ֻǣ˶ԡ㡱ʮİǲǵʷôһ
ȻҲпǹªţû˵
Ͼǵʷˮƽʵǲܹ˵жá
ûйϵȥѰ
ǣܶ롰㡱֣һѣûҵʷһĽ
ʷϲûˡ
ȻҲܰٷ֮ٵȷ
ܿ죬˾ȷˡ
Ϊʷѧ᯸ӶȺ׫˵ʷȷʵûһ
㣬Ӧһ鹹һ
᯸Ӷ˵ĻǾȨԣ˶Ѿȷһ鹹
⵱ȻҲǺģӰֲʷﴫǣ鹹һʵ̫ˡ
Ȼܹ˵һ⣬ǾһΡƲ㡱Ĺ£Ӧȫ鹹ˡ
֮ǰȻҲ²⣬ȫ϶
ڣܹ϶ˡ
㣬Ҳǹµǣ֮һ鹹ģôܲ鹹ģ
ȻӦҲʵʷЩء
һǱϾƲ
˷ܵĸ顣
ֳҲһ֣ýǵȻкܶࡣ
磺Ŀǰĳﱸôˣʲôʱܹʽ
ԱǷѾѡһλṫԱѡ
ԤʱǶãԤƴʲôʱӳƱǷʲôڴȵ֮ķǳ⡣
Щ⻹ǱȽ⡣
ԣһһ˼
ֳǼΪ㣬һηϢǳ󡣳֮ǰڵһʱ͵ҪϢ֮⣬зǳֵúúñϢ
һεķʵֵ̫ˡ
12㣬Сʱ֮󣬷
һýǶûѡȥǾֳʼϸ塣
ʱȵľǳٶȺˡ
ֳͨĹ˷֮࣬ɢȥ
ɢȥĹУϷһЩֳ
װƵĺûᣬȻ
ʱڷĸţʼǵصĳ֡
ϵĸ飬һһĸ߳
ͬʱԱȦӵĴԱǣҲʼܵж
ڸղŵķ˵ˣһԱѡԾκԱǰԾ
ԾصħκӰӹ˾Ӱ
κӰɱųڵĺϵһκɰԾص㣬ѡ˼κӰӡ
ھжЩɫɲûڷϽй
ڷϹ岻󣬽ֻǹһɫ֣Ա˵Ҳ޷жԼʲʺϳݣԸԸݣ
ĽɫԾֳҪ󡢳ĴʱȵȣбȽϾ˵
ǰԾԱǣȿ϶ǳƲŮɫġ
ɫ˽ɫ֮󣬿һĽɫ
ʵϣҪǰȥԾԱﶼġ
ǵһĿ϶ǣǵҪ϶ǳߣԼ治ҪĿԺܸߡ
ôݾĽɫͬǵѡ
ֻҪܹɹⲿϷҲûйϵǳʱٵǶԡ
һڴԱǣ׷ħκӰӾۼ
ٵһߡ߾Աǡ

ʥ塣
顢֣ࡢˣ˹ڷر
Ц⶯ǹİ죬ҪʼԱԾˡҪһħ˰
ѾͷҲħ֪Ҫȥħ˷ܵĺء
˵ҲжʱûѾͷˡ
ħѾæˣһ˵Ҫһ
Цðǵʱһ



ڶǧİʮ ˯һ
ڶһ磬ǰħ
ĵ㣬߳ħ
ճͿһĸվɫŮӡ
жʱû˵ء
ʱһֱħæԼ顣
æˡҪȥʥġ
ħǸϲʥ塣
Ȼ˵ҪħȻͲȥʥˡҪȵæ꣬һʥ塣
֪ǽ絽֮󣬱ϵӻ
ո߳ؾͿˣ˷ܵӭȥ򣬺þò˰
ЦжʱûˡѾͷôƯ
Цǡȥģ
ֱȥκӰӰɡѾǸһҾƵ꣬ΪǶ䷿䡣
صͷ
˴ֱκӰӡ
һСʱ֮󣬵˼κӰӴ⡣
ɴӴӭ˳ЦϵܣС㣬ǿˡ
Цϸˡ
Ҳ˵á
һЦȻӭ
˵ԱԾ׼ôˣ
ɵѾȫ׼ˡŵ㣬ͿʼһԱԾ
ͷʵԱ𣿡
ЦѾൽͷˡɫӦöܹҵʺϵԱˡ
ҲЦⲻͦõ𣿡
һ·˵Цܿ쵽˾ڵĵط
ԱȫϽӭȫǳ˷ܵĸʺá
Ǻ齨ģÿһ˾ԱǳĿܺͼ
ΪһĵӰһעΪĵӰ
Ļ
ÿһԱΪԼ˵ˡ
΢ЦһһӦʾҶˡ
һ֮󣬾ԱżæԵ顣
óһϣ˵ϵܣЩ磬һԾԱϣһʮˡѾħԾԱУѡĵһҸоԶԣǸʺƲɫ
Ȥ˵ҿ
ɽϵݸǴøġ
ӹϷҲչȥһ𿴡
ԶУ28꣬Ա
ԱϷǳϸҲƬһԶԱƬ˵ͷƬĻȷоЩʡ
ǲĺʣҪԾЧ
ԱһһһߡߵľԱҲߡߵԱ
ܵ˵ݼɣҲϡ
ϵĻҲ޷κεжϣһжҪԾЧ
Ըܹ˸еϲԱɡ
ɵȻҲϣġ
ԱϺʱѾ磬óˡ
ϺأԱԷ
ضȻӦʣԱҲ˷ܡ
ԷĵطҪסǼҾƵꡣ
ڼκӰԱߡ
һ˵˾Ƶ꣬뵽ɶİᡣ
һٷҶǳˣԱԾҲڴ
Թ󣬺ɺ;Ա뿪˾Ƶķ䡣
ħԼסˣҪһ

ڶϣϰԵ𴲣ھƵĽĻһ֮󣬵ȡ͡
Ȼصصķ⣬˷š
شһ˯£˯ʵΪ֮ߵǰڴϣֹһ䣬˯һ
Ѿͷ
ЩΡ



ڶǧİʮ ԱԾʼ
Ҳգʱ仹磬˯һˡ
Ӹظϣֹһ䡰лл֮˯˹ȥ
һ߳ͣһֻһЩš
һµӰţһֱעĽ㡣
ڽ쿪ʼԱԾҲʮֹע
һݻ˭ֶЩԱ˾飿ϿνҪġ
ЩݸͬʱΪѡǲӰȷһǳȷľ
ţⲿӰ֮󣬼ĵӰɡ
ǰľӰкܶܶء
һ֮ʱ䣬Ѿ˵ˡ
ŵӵʱԾҪʼˣˡ
Ѿͷ˵ˣҲҪԾֳȥ
ߵǰıӣѾͷˣҪٵˡ
Ժֹʱ仹磬˯
ֻýƿȻ
Ժ۾ʼˣ
˵ˣϽϴˡͶˣȥһݡ
ðɣ֪ˣлл򡣡˵ţ䡣
߳䣬ֵһ͡
ٻصطʱϴ䳡
ͷ֮󣬻Լķ䡣
һ֮عţҺˣ߰ɡЩ塣
ţڳֲͣЩء
ЩЦѾͷڵ֪ˡ
صͳߡ
֮˳˾Ƶ꣬˸ԶļκӰӡ
ԶԶģͿκӰſΧһȺˣǼųǹڵýǡ
֮֮࣬ǰķᣬٶ١
ҵĿ궼ǽԾԱ
һεԱѡ˹עĽ㡣˶ۣҷǳЩԱˣ
ǶЩԱԾǳȤ
ýôע֮ߵţ
ԣһ˼κӰء
ǵĿǲɷǰԾԱɷõһԱ㹻ѶԷš
ãɷõһԾԱȻǸԱ͸¶һЩԾݵĻǾԻΪըԵš
Ҫ֪˶ǳҪ֪һεµӰƲ㡷ЩʲôĹºݣ
ԱǵԾݣʾǵӰµݣȻֻûͷûβССһΣҲ˸е˷ˡ
ԣһܹɷõţͷ϶ˡ
ԣּȫĪĿܺͼ
ǰԾԱ˵󲿷ֶǷǳԸܲɷõġ
ǲȶȵһѻᣬԱǶԸ
ԣһڼǶ֪һεĻǺܴġ
ǿּܶ
뱻ǿȻǼ㿴ˣҲһܹϳ
ðա
ԣĴһŽ뵽˼κӰӡ
ȻֱԾѾˣ֮ЦŴкʺá
ʵԾԱǶ𣿡
ɵѾˡڻױ׼
ͷ
ܿ죬ʱ䵽ŵ㣬Ծʽʼ
ɡ˾
һԾԱԱԶ
ԾĽɫƲ
ԶЩţ֮ǰйϰٴԾһŵһΡ
һСʱ֮ǰѾˣȻõһξ籾
籾ݲ࣬ҲӣֻһʮƽϷ
ƲڻʱһС顣
Ϸ򵥣Զȴоס
ǷĴĦϰоȴʼղ̫ãҲԶŵԭ֮һ
ڣԶվԾݵ̨ϣŵһ֮ͫһ
׾ܹµǸ˾
ȻˣָԶһεѹҲӽˡ
Զıݿʼ
ɡ˶÷ǳϸ
ƲɫԱҪǳߣǺɣϣܹҵһƲ
ԣǿú档Ȼݵݼ򵥣ܹͬԱʺϳ̶ȡ
ʵϣһԱԾҪݵݣһЩȽϼ򵥵ݡ
ǺɹġΪ֪ýһ취ɷõԾԱԾݡ
ϣЩƬΣͨķʽع⡣
ԴҲ÷񡣷Ǽ򵥡ѰϷҲܹͬǸԱʲʺϣ
ûö೤ʱ䣬ԶͽԼıݡ
ȻʮֽšĵȴŽ
ɵʾǿܹأʮ롣
ɵͷҲΪġ
ҪԶҲǲԣһҵһƲ
ԣֻܶԶ˵źˡ
ȻԶԳĽɫԸĻ



ڶǧİʮ Աǰ
ƲһǲУԶȻԸⳢԱĽɫ
ʹ˵ġֻҪܹⲿӰǶûйϵ
ֻм̨ʵǣԸ⡣
ԣڵ֪ԼƲһǵĻȽãʱԶڵһʱͰĿתϡ
ΪȻԶںɸֱ֪֮Ӿ˵ԸĽɫκνɫԡ
΢΢һЦ˵ǳлǾΡĽɫԼѡȻٴԾǽΪһɫǳʺҲֱ֪ͨġ֪Σ
Զͷû⡣
ɵôʮڴܹк
Զʾܹ˾飬ʫĪҡ
֮Զ߳ԾһԾԱ
߳Ծ֮Զû뿪κӰӣԾĥӰĽɫ
Ծ⣬һʾϣг˵ӰеĽɫ
ɫ֣λµĳʱ䣬ԼԱҪȵȣǳϸ
ԱܹԼԼҪѰûԼȤĽɫ
ԶɫƲ֮⣬ĸ̫ʦˡף֦ɽ״ԪԴʯ񡢴ҵȵȡ
ܶ࣬ҲǸ죬Ϊ
ԶĦԼܹݵĽɫ
ԾԱһһԾɶ˲ûеİ˭Ʋ
Ҳ˼ԱܹΪѡҲЩջ
ȻĽɫԱҲͬûȷ
鲻żȷ
ȻԱҲԶһڽԾֵ֮˹ʾǰĦʺԼɫ
ҵ뷨һģݲǣһҲûйϵ³ʱ䲻࣬ûм̨ʵǶС
һǾⲿӰƲľ󣬾һǣϷݺٵǣǳ
һߡ߾ԱҪһǣһܹɹѡϡ
⿴Щ˼飬ȷʵ
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ǽΪչҵľ
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˶ԱȻҪһϷݲ̫ĴҪɫ
ң⻹ֻǵһԾ磬ڽֻ»иԱ뵽еС
ʵ̫ˡ
ԱǶⲿӰĿԶȴ֮ǰΪĸǿҵöࡣ
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һεԱݺпܻǰǿ󣬵ȷǳֵڴӰӰ
ˣб˵ԵԾֳԱѡаѹءҲ֪Ǽ٣
Ӧġ˵һ顣
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еýǣ֪⡣



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Ҳпǹ¸տʼʱƲ׾ݣòȥά̡̺ܶȻƲΪʲô鷢ˣûмˡ
ҲпΪʲôԭƲҪȥһ˵ĸܡҲ˵ƲΪȥˣֻȥһ˵ѡȻҲ˵˾͵һȰֻƲʱ˵ȷǵһȡ
ֿԵȷУҸоġôΪʲôԭҪȥһأ˷ǳĺ档
ûпΪʲôԭƲòȥ˰Ϊ˵õĳֻǰ˻ѡΪĳĿģΪ׾ݣòȥˡ
ֿҲСϸһĻо˵Ķͦеġӿֺܶడ˼ˣ
ԵȷܶࡣҪڻ֪Ʋ趨λʲôģ֪ǲ²ΧܹСˡ
֮Ϊʲôԭ򣬶˷ǳĺڴԽԽڴⲿӰˡֻϧڲŸոտʼѡǣҪȵӳ֪Ҫȴأ
ǰʵǵȲˡ
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ôԭʲôʵ̫˺ڴˡ



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û뵽һ⣬˴ģۡ
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൱˼ˡ
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ɱʾùôҼ²ˡ
ҲûбҪ𰸣ҲȥҲͦ˼ġ

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Ȼ֮ǰԤһϹȻ˷Ĳ²⡣
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ǡʱһԱӼκӰ߳
һּһñ֮ǰԶ߳ʱӵ˷ܣΪһ߳ԱȻȻһ߾Աס
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еּȫΧȥȲĿʼʡ
ʵȻԾʱϷʲôģ
ֻһײûش⣬ǷǳźıʾԾƲһǳɹĿԺС
Ȼûش⣬ԱԼԾƲһǳɹĿԺС飬ҲܹͬһذϢ
ԣеּͬǳ˷ܣջʵ̫ˡ
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ԣһּһ˷ܵģϢ˳ȥ
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϶ǰһ߾ҪһɫҪԾǾ뷽跨롣˵Ծ֮ͨĿԻСˡҲֻĵӰܹˡ
ؼǣⲢû׾һûӵ顣ýع˶ΣҪȥһҪɫһ߾ԱֻĵӰܹˡ




ڶǧİʮ ľܴ
ˣ׷Ϊ¸пѡ
Ϊһ߾ԱԾǵϣã֮󣬲ûоûӣҪȥһҪɫ
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װ
ֶ֮࣬پһ֮
ϾΪĽֻԼҵרΪھϢ
ܵ˵һּǻ൱˷ܵģҲӵĸɾʮ㡣
ǻҪھϢ

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ԱԾԱ½Ծݡ
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Сһ֮ǰ㻹ֻһͨԱȻͨСһǵĳɹ죬Ѹٺ˴ϱ
ѾǶ߾Աˡ
ң˳һ߾ԱĿܡ
һܹɹһǣܹõǵϿɡǺʻһ߾Աһ£Ӵĳ롣
ԣһʮֿ
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㲢ԸȥһֱֻһͨԱֱˡӴ桷飬ܹһɳΪڵĶ߾ԱһгΪһ߾ԱĻͿܡ
У㿴֮󣬷ǳľϲͼ
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⡣
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Ҳͬˡ
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ͷͬЦȷ



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ԱĻӦþˡ
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϶ŮɣŮԱôȷˣԤĸ찡оȷͦʵġҪǳƯ
ԣҾͦõġ˵㣬ҾҪ𡶰Ӵ桷ⲿƷ̫ˡ
ȷ൱ľ䡣ԭС˵䣬ء㡢СҪĵӾ磬Ҳͬ䡣
Ӵ桷ĳƷⲿһתԱһӺ˴ϱڶѾǶ߾Աˡǳһ߾ԱҲϣ
γһǣӦΪһ߾ԱӺܴĳ롣
ֻϧ֮ûݹƷˡ̫źˡǿŮ񰡣ŮӨһĴڡ
ؿСӣ˼ұûս緢չ˵֮ԻݰһǣԭһģǳɵԱŮԱС·ġȻǿƯİӵġԣܹݰӣǾӦøеˡ
سС֮⣬˵ļͥݸɲ⡣֮ԻϷ˵ֻǴΪ˺ѡ
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Ҳеʥÿ춼ôˣҪĸʺСɣ
˵Ҫ㹻õ
лῴغ㣿ԵĽûŮ񰡣ԭȥʥ廹Ĵʵ

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ټصľɫգʹʼնڴܹٴγƷ
ϧҵڴעҪյġڲûϷ뷨ԺҲˡ
Ҳʶһ㣬ԴҲŻ˵źġ

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˽ڻǳɹ˶һɫ
װ
Ƕڸп
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鱾ƺ˸п
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ֻһҪɫҪɹҲԲһ׵顣
һ߾ԱҲһ
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۷׷ס
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ϻĵӰܳʲôĽɫķ˿Ƕ˷ܵġ
⵹Ҳǡ




ڶǧİʮ ЩڴһԾԱı
ԱǹڣÿһԱȷ˷ܲѡ
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ԭˡͷͬʱҲЩڴԾݡ



ڶǧİʮ ɫ
ܿ죬һԱ߽ԾԱ
31꣬ҲԱɡ
ϸĹ۲˺Ƭ̣Ȼ󻺻˵ͷ
֮ǰ˵˺֮Ϊľ״̬ܻ᲻ãͶ̶ȿҲ̫ߡ
ǿ֮оľ״̬ǲģͶ̶Ҳ˵ܸߡ
֮ǰܵȷǲԾߵԾóѸٽԼ״̬
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ɶ˵ͷ
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ڶǧİʮ ʫɵʵ
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ڶǧİʮ õī
Ȼֳ˵Ŀ⣬ȫ˳ϵһҳֽ
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ȻһĪ˷ܺͽţȫԼܹץС
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Ԭæǰߵǰ˫ֽӹݸҳֽȻ˵ллллллС㣡
ԬƱ˵Щʲôո֮һʱûзӦҲڿӦ˵Щʲôԭ
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뿪ֳֳȴûɢȥȻ˷ܺͼ˵Ÿոշ顣
˵ոշһ



ڶǧİʮ ȻĲ֪
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ңһ¡Ҹոƺ˵ʲôΪ֮ģô˵һ˵𣿡
˵ԣҹˡ˵˵ʲôйصĻ⣬ҶǳȤ
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Ԭơӵ֮ǰֳˣǴЦǵȻܹ϶ˡ
Ϊ²ŸոշЩһܹ֪Źˡ



ڶǧİʮ Էʫأ
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Χ˷׷˵һʼЩˡ
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ԬƵһЦֿ˻ʮˬȴ赭д˵ҵ˼ǣԷʫأ



ڶǧİʮ ôʹ˰
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Ǿʵ̫˷ܺͼ˰
¼ĽԼĲ˵һ飬Ȼʵ𣿡
ԬЦ˵㡣дľ䣬ƺܹʫΪһ׺ʫ
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˵ҲšƲ㡷鵽˺꣬ĿǰȷˡﲻԶŻ档
˵Ÿոշ뿪ãҲһ𡣰ǵ״ľʰ
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ڶǧİʮһ Ȼп
ֳϻԽԽοͱȻԽԽЩοͣҲȥ֮ǰοһеΪźͿϧ
ȻкܶοͻȲģ֮ǰĹ·ϡ
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ҲΪû뵽ʫǳһʫֳǸˣҲǸ˲ŰȻ˼ʫֳдʫңԸԼûʫҲдʫоʵЩˡ
ҸտʼҲΪЩˡڣƨˣôԲֱĽʺްһΪ˲дʫɣֱһĻԵ
ԲۣҾȻû뵽һ㡣껹ĽʺްǵһΪ˲дʫԲۣСӾԳ˰
ֹǳ㲻ûأ룬һʫŷǳĿܣһô˵ʫʱҲһ˵ʫ͹¡ֱرἰֱ
Բۣһ˵оԷǳ߰ʵϣʷϵȷ˶ǱֻһʮͨˣȴΪԵɺʷҲˡ
̫ĽˣСӵĻԵʵ̫ˡ


׵̡
ֳȻûɢȥ֮ǰ˵ŹµĴǸӣҲǲ֣Ҳ֮һ𴫿Ϊһˡ
ʵȷˣֵȷŹһ𴫿ˡ
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ʵ̫ͻȻҲ̫ϲˣ
Դ죬һֱоһ㲻ʵ



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л˺þ֮󣬲ֳ˵ףУعһЩ
Ӹ˷ܺͼˣ˲ˡʼ˻񣬸лҵףء
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ɹһЦ˵ȷ˳ô˳Ļɱʱǰ¡ϵܺСһȥŪ˷ǳĶ
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ɵйصţýǵĶһβǷɿ죿«ܲϵܡ
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ˡƲ㡷ݾƵʱ򣬻˾޴ĺ䶯
룬ִݾƵ⡣ʮԱȺͳ¡



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Ƶ꾭ָＸȻת̨λá



ڶǧİʮ ȫ˵ͨ
̨ܵƵ꾭ʵոλǲȥ䣿
̨һӻشǵġǽԤǣ
Ƶ꾭תݼ첽ȥͬʱ˵ûʲôֻλ⣬ҪȥӴ
ǰ̨Ҳû̫⣬ݾƵľƵ꣬ȷƵ꾭ԽӴҲǱȽϳе顣
ڴġƲ㡷飬ǰ̨ǺЩĶ
Ƶй涨ǲ޹뿪ǰֻ̨ܿȡ

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Ӻʾˡ
Ƶ꾭ǰδеļ첽ǰȥЩŵ˵áľŽݾƵ꣬ʵǸеֵң
Ƶ꾭ŽĻû˵꣬һԵӾ;һ˫סͣһ𾪺Ͳš
ӾȻǴ˵еովȻǰ٩٩̸
ԭʵ̫˼ˡ
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֪֮Ҳ޷֮ǰȻˡ
Ǵ˵е̫̫Ĵ¡
һӸ޷ֵ
оӵĽţЦЦ˵ҵȷҲֻͨһϲ죬Ҳ벻أԷһЩ
һ˵֮ӹȻ˲١ȴĸп˵Уܵˡ
˵ˣ
ֶԾƵ꾭Ž˵žˡԷҪ鷳ǾƵˡ
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ԲۣǡǵҲ˰ɡȷĽΪʲôǶܹ;Ӱ˵ãˡҲӦǽŲҴңס㡢½кľԱô˵ĺӰأ
԰˵ͨҪӰҲܹҴһ˺ӰôܹеԱӰ
ȷ̫ˡͺЩԱʮǣȻһһӰƵġȫûôܻ⵽ôһ¶


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ϣⳡܹȥףȫƽ



ڶǧİʮ ˣȫˣ
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ӦԷˡԷҲҲܽԱǷ
ˣڲǻھƵȥҾƵ˵ܹʲô
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áȻǽ

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ľ֮˻˭أ
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Ȼأ
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˭˵أ




ڶǧİʮ ;
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ݱصýǣȫΪ˷ܺͼ
ȫڵһʱݴƵ꣬Ҫȥɷá
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صýҲĶϧǲݡǸе֮;ֻѾ극ȥˡ
ԣһֻܶݱصýʮĽ

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;ԱڳԷƵ꾭Žԭڰ񣬵ȴŽһԷ
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ľԱס㡢ԶȾԱǣտʼʱҲͬĲƽ
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Сʱ֮һٷųꡣ
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ҶѾ֪ʱһ¥棬϶ѾΧ˲ٵýߡ
ԴˣҲرܡҪɷãǴ󷽵Ľܲɷþˡ
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ԣֱӵ˾Ƶ귿Ϣ¥߳һ¥ýߣʼܲɷá
ýûпȻЩʧͣ׷ʺɡסˣǻھƵꣿѾ뿪ˣ
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ֻһ̾ǵȻ֪ϲܲɷˣҲûнܹκεĲɷá
ҲΪˣǲŶԲɷ˵Ŀ
ֻǣûˡ
ûа취ʵҲ׼ġ
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ǣ˿ʼشû˾ί
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û೤ʱ֮󣬸ղŲɷõݣͱýǴ˳
ôйصϢȻ˶Ȥ
顣

ڶϡ
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ǰ̨ļϾѾ֪ˣ֮ǰǸȻ
Ҳ֪ϾסھƵ
ԣǽȫǰ̨ˡ
ԭӦݼٵˣҲݼˡ
¥ǰ̨˷ܺͼЩӺͽŵѯʣǷԺ˺Ӱǩһ
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˸˷ܲѡ
Ȼ󣬷ֱͬʱغӰõ˵ǩνǴδй㡣
֮ӻ֣һ߳һ⳵뿪
ǰ̨Ŀ뿪֮ͻȻЩġ
ոնݵͣѾǵ˼ȫ

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10СʱԽʡ;ڿʼ
гؿŴ⣬û˵ƺĳ˼С
һ֮˵ϲŴⲻϱ仯ľ𣿡
ЦϲԣɻʵϲѾͷôͻȻôˣҺܲϰ߰
𣿡ػͷ˵ҲϲҲϲһ
㲻һ˰ⲻ
ͻȻһЦ˵Ҳǣлл򡣡
˵ôоѾͷͻȻ֮ЩĪ˸أ
չһЦ˵ûанţҲŲ˸ء
ҲһЦ˵ͺáӦ;
صͷãǾͺúõ;
ͷ



ڶǧİʮ ϵ޻
ʮСʱ;ȷԺúõһ
վеյʱ
гԽ˼ʡӰ쵽ҹĻ٣ڻʻյվϸվ
ڸǵվˡ
̾һôô͵ˣ
ԵĻøá
룬ЦЦ˵߰ɣ³ˡֻʱյѡԺ󻹿Լһһĵط
صͷ˵߰ɣ򡣡
߳վɫѾˡȻסʡˣٻشȥ
߰ɣڸһҾƵꡣ˵
صͷһĽֵ
ɫѰԭ򣬽ֵ˵ĽŲԴҴҡ
ֻнֱߵﲥŵĸ滺顣
û߶ã˾ͿһҿȥľƵꡣ
䣬Թ󣬸ԻصϢ

ڶ졣
֮󣬲ûȥ𴲣ǵȵԼ
Ѿͷ˯һɡ
Թ緹֮˴򳵵˿վǰɽĿͳ
Сʱ֮ڻصϤɽֵϡ
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Ҳԣû뵽һ㡣ô˵ĻֻǵڶˡƷ˹ıӾô趨൱ڲͬ˵ΪʲôҪô趨
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˵Ҳǡۣ˵۳ԭǿɾʵ̫ˣ




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˭˵ء


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ڶǧİٰʮ οǵջҲ
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οǴЦˣһ¸ߡ



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οҲ½˿ˡ
㰡ҳԹóԵտû֮һ
ȷˡóԵģտ㡣

οǷ׷ױʾǳԹõտû֮һ
ԭȻΪζֳա
յȷοǴδܹģȻоóԵտû֮һˡ
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־ۼһ֮Ҳ뿪
һϪˮϣָֻƽ



ڶǧİٰʮ ƥŵ
ϵģľżǡȻ
ܶʼµĸۣҶڡľżǡʽУʮڴ
ʱúܿ졣
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ⲻҪܹġܶϰֻεĵŵڶӡˢĻۡ
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Ҫľżǡ˵Ҳ֪ķ϶ԶԶġ
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Ҿ֪кܶŶӡҶܵĽˣ򲻵˰
ǵģˣ϶򲻵ˡҶͯѧȻǴ磬һεӡˢվ޵ġȫô꣬һܹĻ϶ǺٵġڶôҶҵĻܹܲЩŶӵˣ
ǳ֮һˡӦò١ŶЩ˵󣬿϶ûġ
ϣ˰˵һֱܺ棬˹ıΪʲôôӦܹ˰ɣ
϶԰϶𰸵ġʵҪġҪǣһ롮ʵйصƷһˡһúǶ֮󣬻˵֮ǳ
Ҳǹٶ磬һƷĳԡȻڻûӣԺ϶кӵġܹ֮ҾͰ½
⡣ڵĺЩ£Ҹ
ǰǸʱҸˡ

ŶӵȺ죬Ŷ࣬Ҳʱû
ôһŶӣһ۽ͦ˼ġ
ϣ˲ҪôţǶཻһ
ĹԱȻһЩ
ĹԱ꣬׼Ӫҵ
ſĳûһ⡣
·Ͼ֪ſڿ϶ѾкܶŶӵˡ
һƷۣ
Ŵ򿪣򵥵Ĵɨһ֮ʽӪҵ
еġľżǡᵽſڣá
ŶӵĿֹͣ˽̸Ȼν꣬һľżǡ֮ȥ̨ˡ
ΪҶһȥˣ̨ǰȴ˵Ŀˣͬ˳ӡ
ȫأл꣬
ҶֻΪľżǡ
ȴ֮ڿԽķ⽺˺ʽĶˡ
ܶ˶ȲؼٿֱӾֻ⣬Ҹطվ鷭
һͯС˵Ʒô˵ȲҲֻƷܹˡ
ӵһ¿ʼ
ľͷʲôľͷǲͨľͷӽ¯Ӻͱ¯ȡůõġ
һ죬ľͷɵһλľλľа¡
ȴӣʦΪıǼ÷ϣټģһ͸˵ӣҡ
ӣʦľͷ˼ˣһ֣˵ľͷãҪȡ
˵ɾ͸ɣһѷĸӣ־ҪƤȴ¿ȵӡ
һҪȥ־ͷȴһͣסˣΪһϸϸ˵ɱҿ̫ˣ

һʼ˵һӣʦľõһľͷ
ľͷѰľͷӣʦһȡ
ǣӣʦҪľͷʱȴ˵ĪҪ̫ˣۡ
ӣʦһȻΪӦԼˡ
ȻһξǸֳˣСһ
ӣʦһȻȷϣ˵һľͷ
ľͷȻ˵
ӣӣʦŻˡ
Ȼһе
ֻһˣǳˣܹ¶һľżԼ
ӣʦҪһľͷ
ӣʦ㽫һ飬Ż˵ģ˵ľͷ͸˽С
нľͷؼңȻ̳һľżȡƥŵܡ
ǹµĿƪ
ȻͯС˵Ȼĵȴǳ˼
ܶ˶룬Ǹֳ΢Ц



ڶǧİٰʮ ˾ϲֵĴ
Ȼ󣬶ԺĹºЩڴ
ľżǡԣľżƥŵˡ
ôʼƥŵܾӦÿʼԼˣ
ȻͯС˵£µڴȴǳǿ
ҲΪʲôôˣҲϲͯƷԭ֮һ
ֻǣôЩɻǣǸеˣƥŵܵʱ򣬲ûнƥŵܵıúܳ
ƥŵܵıȫģȴΪʲôƥŵܵıô
ѵʲôԭ򣬻ʹƥŵܵıӱô
ȫʮֺ档
ôͼŻҵ𰸵ġ
ƥŵȻһľżܻ˵Цһĺһ
÷ǳƶҷǳ¶Ľʮָˡ
Ӵ֮Ҳкˡ
ֻǣƥŵʮֵƤʮ̰档һ쵽ֻ֪ԡȡ˯
ƥŵĺȥѧȻƥŵľѧ
ƥŵܻǴӦ˽Ҫȥѧ˵Ҫúѧϰ
зǳˡ
ǣ̫ˣƥŵѧĿα
Ϊ˸ƥŵαԼΨһһ˲¡
Ȼƥŵ˿α
õαƥŵܻǷǳмеġ
Ȼƥŵ̫̰ˡ
ȥѧ·ϣƥŵܾһľżԺ
ƥŵҪȥϷ
ȻȥϷҪǮƱģƥŵܸûǮ
ƥŵܴһЩԼϵĶȻǮƱȥԺ￴Ϸ
Ȼȫ£ΨһܹǮĶֻ׽ڲ֮ǰĿα
ҪĻֻα
գƥŵܻԼĿαȻǮһƱϷԺȥϷ
ĽԼΨһһ£Ȼ󶳵ɪɪΪƥŵĿαƥŵˣֻΪϷԺ￴һϷ
ǿ޲̾ƥŵܵȷһĺӡ
źܶȱ㡣
̰ǺӵıԣֻҪӵıԲҲ޿ɺǡ
ڣƥŵܵѾʼˣĹ¸˷ǳ档
ľżԺϰҪջ⣬һЩ
ϰҪƥŵˣƥŵġϰƥŵܣȻҪȥһľżˡ
ƥŵܼˣϰ廹ɡ
ԸԼգҲԸͬ鱻գƥŵܵıԻǷǳġ
öʮָпƥŵȻкܶȱ㣬վһĺúӡ
գϰŹƥŵܣҲŹƥŵܵͬ顣
Ȼ֪ƥŵܼƥŵ뿪ʱ򣬻ƥŵҡ
ƥŵŽһؼң·ƭӺè
èͺ֪ƥŵнְ֮ǿ׷ƥŵܣҪƥŵܵĽҡ
ƥŵܽҲèͺûа취õң㽫ƥŵܵһϡҪȵƥŵ֮ýҡ
ƥŵΪԼҪˣȴǳ˵һС顣
С
ƥŵܶС˵Լ˵ǿҪĽҡ
Сƥŵܣ
ƥŵܲС֪ҾԼ˵Ҷˡ
һѣƥŵܵı˲䳤һء
ȻСﶪģ
ƥŵ˵Сﶪġ
ƥŵһѣı˲ٳһء
Ȼ󣬾ŵƥŵ˵λѡ
ӣƥŵܵıӱøˡ
ƥŵܳ׵ĻˣС飬ıΪʲôͻȻô
С˵Ϊƥŵˡ˵ѵĻֱ仯
һọ̇̄Ǳӱ䳤ƥŵڱӱ䳤֡
ȫЦ
ƥŵܵıӹȻΪĳԭű䳤ġ
ǹȻҵ˴𰸡
ԭΪƥŵˡ
һѣӾͻ䳤
еĶȫϲѡ
ΪȻǳ塣
֮ǰҶۺͲ²ƥŵܱΪʲôôԭ
Ҳ²˺ܶ𰸣û˲µȷ𰸡
֪ȷ𰸺˶е˷ܡ
ƷԺ˵ֱ̫ˡ
ڸ뺢ǣǧҪѣ
ȻԼıӻ㳤
ȻҲпȱ̡
Ǳӱ䳤ọ̇̄ŶûкԸ
Ȼ΢һĺӣ϶Ҳ֪Ǽٵġ
˵ˣҲܻı䳤Ҳı̡
ǣҲһŷǳ̵ĸá
Ȼ֪Ӳıɣǿ϶Ҳϣһӻ䳤ģѵĺӡ
ƥŵܵĹ¾ƥŵܱӱ䳤ӣҲвͼǻῴӡǳ̡
ԺȻжƬ
ֻҪǵԺƥŵܱӱ䳤ӣ֪ӱ䳤ǼٵģҲһϣԼıӣƥŵһ
ԣκ׶εĺ˵嶼ǳش
ⲿƷڶгĬԷǳǿ
Ϊ˵ǣԺĹ·ǳĺ棬ǳȤ
ôں˵Ȼˡ
һǳϲµġ
ϲôĵʻܹú档
ȫϲ֡



ڶǧİپʮ Ҳֻһ
ϣϲֵļҳǣȻ۷׷ס
֪ƥŵܱôԭˡԭðһԺǵİǳ󡣡
ȷˡƷǳܹһƷ
ƥŵܿ϶ϣԼıٱ䳤ˡһܹʹ˸ĵԼ˵ѵĻëҲƥŵɱĿʼ
ӦˡƥŵԺ϶ɱһĺúӡϾһĶͯѧƷһŵġ
Ӳ˵ѿʼɱҿҲȻˣǾȰѺĹ¿ɡǲ
ţҲҪȥѺĹ¿ˡôһ֮˵
û⡣

ȻûпĹ£ȫΪںĹƥŵܻɱ䣬Ϊһѧϰĺúӡ
ϾǶͯѧƷŹµġ
ƥŵܵɱ䣬Ӧһһε֮Уһһɱġ
ӦûĵȤʮֵĺ档
Ǽ濴ʵҲǲ²
ƥŵĹ»ڼȻĵȤ
ƥŵҲȷһԼɱ䡣
ƥŵܴӦС飬ʾԼԺ˵֮󣬸С飬Ȼȥ
·ϣèƭӡ
ƭ˵һطֽܹҡȥܹ֮Ľҡ
ƥŵˡƭӵǸطԼϵĸֵ
Ȼƭӽ͵͵ӵĸҡ
ƥŵڴȥջҵʱ򣬲֪Լƭˡ
ȥ١
ȻԼȴؽ˼
˼֮󣬳ˡȻΪ̰˵ѣסȵ˿ҹ
ƥŵܺܺڣ룺úһϲ飬ҾͻͰְסһҸͲ˵Źˡ
ܿ죬ƥŵܾΪץס˻ǣػɡ
ػɺƥŵܣһΪһùĺúӡ
־ջڻͬѧ£ѧ߿㡣
Ȼֱյڷ֮󣬱һͷ¿
¿ƥŵܱȥϷİ衢Ȧ
һϣ¿ƥŵˤȳȣֱһߡ
Ƥһġ
ǣƥŵܰˣȻӵ
㽫ƥŵ֮Ƥġ
ƥŵܷǳ˵ļʱľżģȻ˵ӵˡ
Ǻܿ죬ùƥŵֱһԽ˶ӡ
Ȼ㶼ƥŵһˡ
Ȼĸ׽С
ԭҲΪһЩԭ򣬱ˡ
ƥŵʮָˣԼĸһ𣬴Ķӳȥ
գɹˡ
͸׳ɹĴĶˡ
֮͸һطס¡
֮ƥŵѾһʮڷܺѧĺúˡ
ãѾɺú˵ƥŵܣСİ£һĺӡ
Ӵ֮ľżѾһˡ
»ĵȤ¿֮󣬶ȫЦ
Ǿ֪ƥŵһᷢɱġ
Ȼˡƥŵܲɱ䣬Ϊһúӡ
ңһˡ
ӦþǶƥŵɱĽˡ
ȫʮָˡⲿƷĽ壬Ȼ̵ֻһҪʵһ㡣
̵ǣһҪԼĲϰߡ
֮󣬾ͻһúӡ
ңҪǣڶгĬƥŵܸĵԼȱḶ́һδɵġ
ǳˣһܹúǸȤġ
ֻҪǸȤˣʣµͼ򵥶ˡ
ԽԽϲ
֮ǰٶѧҪһ´ģڡʵͯС˵֮Ǿ֪һθһ޴ϲ
ڹȻˡ
ܹһƷǷǳ˵ġ
һƷܿڸﱻ˻
һӡˢȻ٣վ޵ģﾭסȫص꣬ôŶӹ
ϻ˵֮С
ĳ
һľżǡ滹ųĶ顣
ԱֻܷǳźĸߴңһġľżǡѾȫֻ꣬ĵĵһˡ
ȻһҪ硣
Ȼһܹܲ򵽣˵
ŶӵĿȫһ̾ǸովͲµĴӦüֲ£λˡ
ڣȻˡ
û취ֻǹԼһЩ
һΣҪˡ
ȻһҲû򵽣ǿɾԶˡ
ȫ꣬½
Ŷû£Ŀˣȫεһ̾Ϣ
ڿֻҲһˡ



ڶǧİپʮһ Ϊǳ
ûˣȫ÷ǳź
ǿôˣԡľżǡ۷ǳ֮󣬸Ǿź
ôõ飬ȴûʱ
Ҳûа취´㵽ŶӰɡ

ʥ塣
ľżǡʽУ֣ν൱ĺá
뿴ģǶԺǷǳõĶͯƷС
һ𵽴ɢǡ顢Ҳɢ
֣˵СԺûµʱܹܲд㡶ľżǡƷ
һЦ˵֣ϼȻ˵ˡұҪдһ㰡
֣ǳ⣬ЦǺǵ˵⻹ࡣ
󣬼һڴɢ
̫һҲȣʱʱ紵Եˬ
Ŀ˷ǳ࣬ʮ֡
ܶʫ硢磬ڴֻٰ
ʫٰʫʴֻǶ
ҲлָٰĻ滭
ʮ˼
ЩֳΧŷǳĸȤοͣµĹۿ
֣ࡢкܶʱ򣬶µĿϺþá
顢ˣЩʱҲͬȥΧΧۡ
ڣһţǰΧһȦˡ
֮ࡣǲǻкõ
ƺӦʫ硢֮ţھٰʲôӡ
ǳõ֣ЦǺǵ˵ߣҲȥдʫʣڶ
顢ء˵Ȼû
һ߽ȺȺм俴ȥԭһһ磬ٰһ滭
ѹôߣкüΧۡ
ʫʡ鷨滭ֻУߵľǻ滭
Ͼ˶ԻȤ
ǻ滭һ˶Ȥһ
ڸոյһڽ֮һµĻڿʼ
һʮҵСЦǺǵ˵ֳ֪϶вܻѡ֪ûȤμһڵĻ
ֳȷвˣʵ֪һھʲô
СЦǺǵ˵ÿҪĿڹ涨ʱƷȻ˭ƷɵøãõƷ컭罫һΪ
⻰һֳΧ۵ˣȫǰ
ðǳ˼ϲģ
ԣһʱ֮Χȫǳڴ
ȻЩƻҲʮ⶯˻дһ»ȷһǳ˼顣
Ȼʵô֪һʲôĿأ
һΧ۵Ҳȫ˶䡣
ĿʲôӵģȻǷǳ˺棬Ҳǳֵùעġ
ΪĿԽ˼ĻҲñԽ˼
Խ˼ȻҲԽǹ񫡣
ԣΧ۵ȫԱĿǳע
СӻЦǺǵ˵ʵǷǳǸĿǰй¶Ȼûô˼ˡȲȷ֮ٹĿ
Χ˻ͷС˵òĿǰй¶
ȻܹĿԼҪҪμˣ
ԼóĿͲμӣóĿĻͲμӡ
ͶʧȥһЩ˼ˡ
ʱСͻȻסһȻǾϲĹЦ֣ϡϣǾȻˡӭӭ컭һʵ̫ˡ
ԭСӿȺе֣ࡢˡ
֣ࡢ˵ʥǷǳߵģеĿ˶֪֣ࡢסʥ塣
Ҽˣܹϳ˵ĿҲǳࡣ
Сһ˵Χ˷׷ŤͷСķ
ȻȻȺе֣ࡢˡ
Ҳʮ־ϲ׷׳֣ࡢʺá
֣ࡢЦǺǵĸ˴к
Ѿᳵ·
ǾڴɢϳĴѾˡ
СӺ˷ܣ֪֣ࡢʮ˵֣ϡϣи֮롣
֣ͷ˵˵
СӵһڵıĿܹܲλֳǳ
⻰һֳͨΧ۵οͣǴҪμӱˣȫԵúЩ˷ܡ
Ȼڴ֣ࡢܹӦ
Ϊ֣ࡢֳĻñ֮ǰҪ˼öࡣ
ʵ˷ǳڴ
֣ࡢ໥֣֮ЦǺǵ˵⵱Ȼûˣʮҡ
ֳΧеȫ˷ˡ
δʼѾø˼ˣʵ˸е˷ܡ
ȻЩЩҪμӱЩԥˣԥˡ
ˣμӱ
֣ࡢ˳ıǱòμӰ
Ҫ֪Ļɲô׳ֵġ



ڶǧİپʮ 
ǣҪμһڱˣ
Ǹֳ֯С˷ܲѡ
ǱҪμӵˣȫ߲ܡ
ֲʲôҪһЩ
ıԽԽá
Խֳ࣬ͻԽ֣Χ۵ĿͻԽࡣ
ȻͻԽԽ֡
ٰĻΪľֳԽԽá
ȻǻὫֳƬƵ㡣
ȻЩƬƵԺʱõķǳõزġ
ԣô˱Сʮֵ˷ܡ
ȻҲ֪֮Իô˱ȫΪһ⣬֣ԭ
ԣСֶԼոյһǳ⡣
Լʵ̫ˣ
ܿ죬ֳһͳƣȻﵽ30ˡ
Ļֳ˵һıܹ30ˣνǼټġ
ֻС˷ܣֳΧ۵οǣҲͬʮ˷ܡ
ο֮ΧۣΪľǿ֡
μӱԽ࣬ȻԽ֣Խ񫡣
οĿ֣͸˷ˡ
Χ۵οǶڼʼıڴ
30ѡ֣Ҳͬ˷ܶڴ
֮Ա̶ܴΪĿ֣
ô˵׻һʲôĿأ
ڴڴˡ
ȻѾǽȻ͸Ǳʼˡ
ǸոǸСӸ֯
СӺ˷ܣҲܻ˵ϵĸлұҲлΧ۵οڴ˹
ȻҲһ֣ࡢ˱ʾ˸л
һĸл˵֮Сӿʼܱ
ܼ򵥣ڹ涨ʱڣɡ
ʱΪ30ӡʱ䵽ܲѡûԼƷҪͣʽ
ȻֳΧ۵οǣһƱԶõһƷԻùھõ컭䷢ļƷ
֮СӶ֣ࡢ˵֣ϡϣ룡ıĿͰжλˡ
֣ࡢ˵ͷոǶѾˣĿ֣
ǣ֣һųǰʿʼдĿ
֣дĿĹУֳˣǸ֯СӣеĲѡֻ֣Χ۵οǣȫ쳤Ųȥ֣дʲô
ȻȫȻ쳤Ųȥʹ
ɼ˶֣Ŀǳ棬ǳȲҪ֪
ܿ죬֣ͣʣȻʾĿѾдˡ
Сдϲ첽ǰȥ֣дĿϿȥֻĿдǣһҳֽϻա
Ŀǳر𰡣
ԲһĿС˼
Сֳ֪˶ſĿأûй˼
ǺܿĿչʾֳĲѡ֣Χ۵οǿ
ڿ֣Ŀ
һҳֽϻգ
˶΢΢һ㶡
ΪҵĵһӦǣⲢѡ
ֻҪǻңֻҵ񻭼ңử
ֳ30λѡ֣ҲӦöử
ֻ˵ú벻öѡ
嵽һ˵Ȼǻú벻ãǻ١
˭࣬Ȼ˭ʤ
ջúòãǶҪ
ҪĲ
ԣӦ˵ѡ
еı׼Ҳܼ򵥣յУ˭࣬˭ǹھ
һеǼˣҲʲô顣
ҲпܻˣǸ˲лøࡣ
Ļ˭ùھأ
һ⡣ټһ
ðɣڻǿʱ
صĿϣĿĥֳ֮˵ɫЩŹ֡
ȷǳ棬ȴƺЩġ
˭࣬ͻʤȷЩ
ңоûκεĿ㰡
֮󣬴Ҿһգ
ջúҲͰˡؼѡΪܹգ϶Ὣջúܾ£㲻áৡʾһֻˡ
ĻʵǺܹʲôͷ
֣ΪʲôһĿ
Χ۵οҶ֪𰸡
ȻҲǶĿеʧֻʵǲ̫⣬֣ΪʲôһĿ
οǲ⣬30ѡҲͬ⡣
գǶử˵ܶ˲óòãܹϵóա
ؼıƺûж尡
п϶ֳܹʤ
ǵһ˲еһûзֳʤټһĻһֳܹʤ
ֳʤоûκε尡
ǻգӮĹھҲоʲôɾ͸кС
֣ΪʲôҪһ⣿
ѡҲ벻ס



ڶǧİپʮ û˾ϲƷ
֯СӣʱҲ㹻ʱ䣬úõĥһ֣Ŀˡ
һĥ֮ҲȻǳ棬ȴƺûж壬ҲƺȷЩġ
СЩƣҲû뵽֣һĿ
ƹƣСӵҲʧ˷ܵġ
Ϊ֣ݵλֻҪֳ⣬ʲôĿⳡӵһַǱѰ塣
ûûɣֻҪֳ֣ͺá
Сһ㣬30ѡֵȻҲһ㡣
صʵǳ֣鱾֣һʲô⣿ʵûôҪ
ԣ30ѡȻ㣬ԼһĿ
һҳֽϻգܺãǾͿʼɡ
Ҫץʱ䣬ȡ໭ͷա
ǣвֲѡץʾͿʼ
Ҳвֲѡֲûʣһ˼ģ
Ӧ˼Ӧȥܹգ
Ȼ󣬶ֳΧ۵ο˵΢һССʧ
Χ￴ȻϣԽпԽá
ĿԽ˼ɾԽп㡣
οǶ֣ĿԭǷǳڴġ
Ϊ֣Ŀһǳ˼Ҳǳп㡣
ȴ˭֪֣ĿȻûж塣
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أģǲˣΧοȲ˵
֮ǰֳοǹЦ˵˵ˡѡȫ˴֮󣬴ͻȻΪϲķ֣ȻҲֳվΧ۵οм䡣
λãλãλãովվģվԱ߲Զ˷ܲѵ˵
һ˵һ˷ܲѵģΧοչʾովλá
ΧοһпʾԼǳĽǸ˷ܲѡ
ȻΧοȲ׷ʣȻأǲԳ֣ǵΪ⻭һ
ϲǣһ˵ˡҿҲֳ֮ȫѡȻ֣ϳǵĿģԻӺһǴ𰸡ΪĴ𰸣֪֣ǵĿ
Χοȫ˷ܡѣȻǲȻֻһ
ҲµˣЩһǿĴ֮󣬲Ŀġ
ôһʵ̫˺ڴˡ
Ļﰡǿ
ĻأӦûɣǲˣոҲƬɣ鷳óǿˣ

ΧοǷ׷״ߴ٣ϽĻǿ
ʵѾǳȲˡ



ڶǧİپʮ 
ΧοǵĴߴ٣֮ǰֳοǣһθеʮˬ
ʲôԽУԽа
ֹһ֮󣬲ЦǺǵ˵ǲҪżһҲԵĻԭ
˵ĻԭΧοǸǼѡ
ﰡǾͲҪ
Ͻ˵ûа

Χοǣߴٵøˡ
ֹһ֮󣬲˵Ѿ͸컭ˡڻȻǱ컭ˡ뿴Ļ컭ֳĸ˰ɡûУǱǸСӣȥɡ
͸컭磿
컭Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ΧοҴҸ̾һȻȫǰὫĻǿһ
ڵǰδеĺãڴҵȻܾ
ԽǿģڰͲȫ綼Ļ
Խ࣬Խе㡣
ЦȻҶ뿴Ҿóҿֻܿ
ȻȻֻǿĻֵߡҲ
ǣİɣǲġ

ҷ׷ױֻ֤
ͷȻСոպõĻó
Աİ£չ
ΧοǣһȫΪļڴֻ۾չĻ
֮ǰֳοǣʱҲȫһ˷ܵģչĻ
ǸղȻѾˣĻôܿù
Զ
ڱȫչοһγڻ
ĻһӾϵļܡ
ΧοǣڹעĻﵽжֻգ
һ۾ܹ߼һֻա
Ȼһ±ƣΪʲôֻֻգ
ĿҪ˭
Ϊʲôֻֻգ
ȻһС֮󣬲˹Ц˻
ԭˣԭ˰ףΪʲô˵֣ϳĿǳ˼ˡȷ൱˼
Ҳˡ֣ϵĿðĴ𰸸˺Ȳʡ

½˿˻ȻΪ˷ܺͼ
ֿһ۽ˡ
ЩȻ±ƵοͣϽѯﵽ
ҲȻ
һ֮֮ǰ±ƵҲڻȻȻҲһϲ˷ܡ
ʥ֮УԵĲС
ȻΧοǣڼ֮࣬ͻȻ伫Ǻڡ
ʲô
Ϊʲôûһֳ
ܹһֳĻǾܹۿˣ
ֳۿһ飬ȴֻ˰СʱĴˡ
ֻ˰Сʱ
⵱ȻǼǺˡ
ٺҲûˣֻܰοԼ˵ããԼѾǷǳˡ
ֳۿĻԭ塣
Ҫһֻ˵飬Ǿԭ嶼ˡ
ֻֻܿƬ
ƬĸоȻԶԶܺͿʵԭĸоᲢۡ
ԣʵҲ˶ֻǱ֮ǰֳЩˣֵҪһЩˡ
վ˵ġ
һ֮ΧοҲôˡ
ȻͻȻ뵽ƺûϴ
֮ǰֳЩһǣƺûü鹲ϡ
Ȼ˵ĻǾͰ齻ɡ
ȥװװơ
Χο˷˵
ʥ棬ڸոգַһʮ顣ûȤҪ֪ģ
Ȼûᵽ֣Ȼʥ巢飬ǺйصĿԣͷǳˡ
ǣڵһʱͷ׷׻Ӧ
й𣿡
ʥʱڷ顣ȻǺûйϵҲֵùעġйص飬ȻȤöࡣ

鵱Ȼйءйأ֣֣йء
ȷȻй֮˲ü˷ܡ
һĹ³
ȻӦֻһСС£Ȼʮ˷ܡ
ôһʲôĹ£̫˺ȲҪ֪ˡ
ʲô飿Ͻ˵˵Ҫӣֱ˵顣
йĹˡż˵еʱ




ڶǧ ϵ˺ܼ
ϣ˶ǳ˷ܡ
й¹
ڣÿڴ֮һܹ¹¡
ֻǿϧ¹²С
Щʱʮ£һ¶һʵƵúܡ
ڣй¹ˣȻ˷ܲѡ
һȫ׼
㹻ʱ
ʥֳΧοǣҲͬʮ˷ܡ
Ǿ֪ϻ˸Ȥġ
ΪƽʱҲϵЩһÿ춼ܹ¹¡
û뵽쾹ȻʵˣȻΪ¹µĽߡ
˷ܺԽȻͼΪǿˡ
ϵ˴Ҳһļϡ
ȻˣǾͿʼ°ɡ
˵ʥʮֲﵽˣʮ֡
ʼ˵Ҳû˭ˡ
Ȼ˵Ҫ˵ҲûҪ˵ɣ
ȻϵȴûвȻһȤӡ
ðɣǾʹʼ˵
ֳΧοǲŲæ˵˴ο͵
Ȼִο͵˵˽зǳʫ硢ȣڴٰ
˺ð֮˵ϣ»ô컭һʼ
컭й
ϵ˶ǰһȻһһйأһιĹ£Ӧ뻭йˡ
Ϊĳԭֻһ
Ļǿɾ̫˷ܺͼˡ
ĻǾһӾϵܡ
˿ĻˣҲȿĻ
¹£Ҹڴˡ
Ҳûдߴٽ˽һ㣬ýˡ
ʱԽԽá
ΪʮһµĹ̡
˼仰Ͱѹ½ˣǸδ
ԣĺá
ֳΧοǣȷú
Ҳ֣ʱ
˶֣ĿҲͬе⡣
֣Ϊʲôһ⣿Ҳͬ˼
ǻ滭רҵҡҵ໭ǡ
ΪѾоһĻһ֣Ŀйء
㲻þǻĴ𰸡
һ룬һרҵҡҵ໭ǰδе˷ܺͼ
ڻ˼֣ĿҲҪ֣Ϊһ
һҪֻһҪԺйڻĹ˼
һǿĻ֮󣬾ͿԶԱԼĻĻ֮жĲˣ
ȻǱȻ滭̶ȣǱȹ˼
Ļ滭µһôʸȥбȽϣ
ڹ˼棬ǿԱһȵġ
ֻǣ˼˰֮󣬷֣⣬ƺûʲôֵù˼ĵط
˼ǿ϶ǹ˼ҪļɣȥĿҪ
ȥҲʲôɵ
ʵơŹ˼һּɣȻһء
ڹ˼ɣǻȸɶȫûа취
ˣ˼ˣֱӵȻι˼İɣ
һרҵҡҵ໭֪ǹ˼ɣҲ˼ɡ
϶ܹ˼ɣʵ൱ڴ
Ȼ˵Ҳͬ뵽Щ
ʵҲ˼֣ĿҪȥ
Ȼǻңﹹ˼ȴǿԵġ
ȻҲͬûй˼ʲôɣȻͬΪڴĻ
ȻǰǵĲȷģԴΪһ
ֳΧοǣȻڽ
ֳμӻѡǵһֱ֣֣ĿΪһ
ӣϳ׵ıըˡ
ģȻģ֮ǰĲ²Ȼȷġ
Ȼ֣Ϊһ
ȫ޲ߵĿĴ𰸣
ʵ̫˷ܺڴˡ
ԭµϵˣһͻȻȲ
ȫȲҪĻˡ
һʱ֮䣬ͬʱߴ١
أĻֳ϶հɣϽǿ
ȻϿƬԶԶֳԭ񫡣ҲֻϿƬˡ
»ʵ̫˼ˣѾȲˡ
ֳǣǲҪٵǵθˣϽǿ

ϵ˼ֳͣΧοǹЦ
Ǿ֪½ʱϵЩһҲ޷ֵˡ
ϵԽǼУǵĸоԽˬ
ƬǵȻˡ˷ǳš
ڻǽƬȥʱ
ϵЩһǲҪθڣǾƫҪһθڡ
Ǻֵθڵĸо
ĻȻҪһˡ



ڶǧһ ˶Ľּ
˺þֳ֮Χοǣڸоܵòˡ
ϵߴٵԽˡ
ȻˣǾͽƬȥôҺúõͰɡ
ҲҪżȻյġھͰƬҺúõͰɡ
зӦˡϽ綼ѾȲˡ
ЩһôõθڡǲƽϣϽƬ
еȫЩɶļһҪƬˡ
»һôһȫµĹ£ʵ˷ǳڴ
еȫ׼
Ȼ»ڱϴϡ
ȫˡ
һۣǰδе㣬Ȼ󳹵׳
Ļͬħһ㣬˿Ŀ
Ӿϵļܡ
ȻϿƬԶԶֳܺʵᲢۣҲͬӾϵļˡ
ÿһ˶ǳ⡣
Ȼ󣬹˺һ֮ǲһǳҪ顣
ǿֻΪӾϵܣǻҪõĴ𰸡
Ҳ˵֣ǵĿĴʲô
۹棬ܿ죬ϵ˾̶ˡ
ȻһֻȻĸо
ָоǳˬ
վǾ֪ⲻ˵⣬˵Сһ
һרҵҡҵ񻭼ǸǼ֡
һֻȻʡඥһĸо
ԺƵĿҲ֪ȥ˼ˡ
˶µĻػͻں̵ܶʱ͵Ѱ׵λá
û⣬ֻǳ
йصĻ⣬ѸٵѰ׵λá
ûһ⡣
һιϢûеѰ׵ĻǲǴš
Ȼ˻֪һ顣Ǿֵǳߡ
Ͳ˵ˣؼһ˷ܵĹ£߼ļֵ̫ˡ
ôһֵߵĻأ
˶ǳĵ⡣
Ȼܿ˴𰸡
͸ˣλ췽컭硣
һ˶鲻ԽһԲ̫ۡĽˣ
컭굽ʲôҲ̫˰ɡ
컭磬˶˵ӦֻһСС硣
ڣ컭˲ȫ
еĻ磬Ǵ磬С磬ʱһ컭Ľּʡ
ʵȻȷˡ
ȫССǧһ磬ʱ򶼶컭Ľּʡ
̫Ľˡ
컭һ˸ġȻôĻټôһ£˼
컭ֱһ֮ԻڶʱڣչΪһҴ硣
Ƿ֪컭ҪĻһЩ๺򡣲Щ磬ӦҲġ
Ǽҹٷ֡Ȼκһһ綼𡣵Ȼ˵Щû壬컭ǲܻġ
Ȼܻǿ֮޼۵塣
̫ĽˡǼʣ


컭ȷֻǸʡǵһСС硣
ڸʡǣҲûʲô
糤κʡЭԱ뽫컭øӰ
Ҫʮѡ
һǻľǳ󣬽ֻʡǳΧڣͳ20ҡ
컭ҲûʲôǮȥչ硣
κҲʮΡ
κƵĿʵҲֻ컭ڸʡڣ㹻͹ˡ
ˣҪĿʵҲǳѡ
κԭΪһӦöûʲôˡ
ȴ˭֪˾ϲըϢڽͻȻС
ӵʫֳĵ绰ʱκһȲϢġ
һȷ塢飬ڵ绰һٱʾԲǿЦ֮κƲˣ˭Ҳŵʵ
컭羹Ȼ˻Ե
һŬ޹Ը˲ʵ֡
컭֣ں̵ܶʱڴȫ
κԴ˾Կ϶
ּУκ˵СҪԱĻԲûһ˿΢𻵣޼֮ʥңھ͸ʥ壬Ҫһ
õģ糤㡣糤ģһὫеעȫڻϣһὫá
ãһҪá
Ҷϵ绰֮󣬼ֵκƣĹȻš
ҪȥʥԽǷ
Լȥʥ塣һ·ϣؽͨǰ£ȻҲڰȫǰ£ᵽ졣
ѾΪȲˣ



ڶǧ ʯ
һ·֮£ٶȸϵʥ塣
ͣͣóһ·Сŵ컭ٰֳ
ֳΧŷǳˡ
ԣصϢѾڴﳹ׵Ĵˡ
ȻԽԽοͶΧ˹
һ֣ǰһգֳۡţơ
Ҫֳۿһһ
˶ǳҪһȻֻһ롣
ЩǡʥĿˣлֳۿǷġ
ⲻ֪Ҫϵ˶ٱ
ԣȫΧ˹ۿһ
Ļǰװ˷ˣǡʥ
ԣԽԽΧοͣ׷컭ٰѻóչʾһ
Ҫôżջȥ
ֲֻ𻵡
ֳˣҲǸ֯ЩΡ
治ٰѻչʾˣĶóһǿɾҪˡ
˶ͬʱʢʵȴټʵһ컭磬컭ľѻᡣ
ԣСĽһ˳
ȻСչ͡
κƸϵʱպýٴóһ
ֳȫڿȫˣһϣһı飬Ҳʮܡ
κƿֵĵ㣬Խлʮ㡣
һ컭ġ
β㣿β⣿βԽʮ㣿
Ⱥǰ
ˣϲ糤㵽ˡ
κЦСˡΪ컭磬һĹͰ
ҲǻԵãõһжҪл
κƵǿ϶ġĻԵҲ컭ĻԵ
糤ô죿Ҫչʾ𣿡
κƵټչʾһɡǧҪغãûһˡ
û⣬糤Դš
κЦˡ
ὥҡͷʾһҲࡣ
Ȼκ׫ģ컭ٷʺϣһ档
Уκƴ컭磬ĸмʾ컭ˡ
Ȼ󻹱ʾὫĻΪ֮һ컭һֱȥ
컭ĹǲκηӦġ
ڸУҲжٻע⡣
ڣ컭Ĺں̵ܶʱڣʹ硣
˶ע⵽ˡ
ȻҲȫشССĻ硣
Բۣ컭緢ٷˡȷǰ϶ˣ꼵ʰ
֮ǰٻһ㻳ɣǲİ
Ӧòİɣ컭εºܻĻԵ
ϣϢǼٵģҲڴϢǼٵġ
ڣ컭Ĺٷһôľ;Լٲ˰
Ǹô죿
Ľͼ֮⣬ܹô죿
ϢվǲǼٵİ컭磬˵ĳ
ǰ˵ĳǻֻ»ڶʱ﷢չ׳ⶼĽҲûá
ʥٰĻô࣬ȴֻ컭ĻԵȷĽġ


ʥ塣
컭ֳ
κܹԼٷ֮磬ЩķӦ
ԴˣκƸпǧ컭Ĺٷ棬ʱйӰ
֮ǰȣһϣһ£ࡣ
ΨӰֻҪһ컭緢췭ظı仯
糤ʱˡСĶκ˵
κƵͷǾˣȻǷʡǡ
õġ
Ȼֳο˵λλʵǷǳǸʱѾˣҪˡԺ컭֮ˡǻ컭רΪ޽һչȻչչʾλٿĻʱӭλȥ컭չ죬ֻ˵Ǹˡ
ֳοһȫϣ컭罫
ǣʱȷѾˡ
컭粻һֱչʾ
ûа취Ǿɡ
ֳοͲĿУκԶ֣С
ȻһֳοͱʾǸ⡣
ֳοͷ׷ױʾܹ⡣
Ȼֳһ֮ڽɢȥ
οɢò֮κƶ˵ˣҲȥɡøϻʡء
ͷõģ糤
컭һֳĹԱǣеĶʰá
Ȼֳֻ¹¹£Ȼο۷׷ס



ڶǧ С˵ǵĳŵĶ
컭뿪ˣοǣȻµ˵Ÿղ顣
֣ࡢ顢ؼڴ洦ܹصۡ
עһ൱ʱ䡣
ţ˵ˣصС˵ɴڲѾҪ˰ɣ
ȷͿҪˡ
ǽأС˵׼һ͵ģ
ʱûȷһû⡣ǣ
ͻȻ˵⣬ӦʲôŶԡ
ЦЦ˵С֮ǰӦЩС˵ǵ飬ǲǲӦÿԶˣ
ţʲô飿
΢ЩɻӦС˵ʲô
ܿ죬ˣӦ˵ŵС˵һ顣
֮ǰһٿС˵С˵г˱ȽϴӰ졣
ȻڽһҶһȵ˵ǵƷû̫Ӱ죬ȻЩĶߡ
²С˵˵Ӱͺܴˡ
ǵƷгռ䱻ѹһСĵط
кܶ²С˵ߣڴƷܹΪˣѾòʲôˡ
Ѿû־ԸҪǵƷˣٵ͵ļ۸ҲҪˡ
Ǽҵµĳ·
С˵ǰǰһȫµ·
ǿѡС˵
ֻϧֻᴴͳС˵ǴС˵ͣƶһ˽֡
ǵ·Ȼڡ
С˵ԷǳͣͬС˵һ͡
ֻʹͳС˵һЩѡ
Ҫ䴴ΪʺصС˵
ôˡʲôС˵ʺأ
ֻ˵ͳС˵Ҫı䣬ܹС˵
Щ²С˵Լȥоûʲôܹоóġ
Ҫ˸һʾ
һŵҪͷһʺصС˵
Ȼȷе˵ǹӹĳŵ
ʵһٿС˵ʱƷɡͿ˵С˵С˵ת䡣
ɡȻС˵Ԫأ൱Ũġ
ֻϧھС˵˵Ҫšɡķת䣬Ѷʵ̫ˡ
ϲ˳ɹýһȥɹĿԶ
ҪԹӹ壬´һƷΪ²С˵ߣṩһ·ͷ
²С˵ǣܹܲɹ
ǾҪԼŬ̶ˡ
ܸıɹǾֻܱ̭
ûа취顣
ҪѡһƷҲѾ˳Ŀǡ
Ȼˣǵȡɴ֮󣬾ƳһƷɡ
ȻǺ񶼲ͬƷ
Ļ֮ЦȻûǣôҪǣ
𣿡⻰ʾЩɡ
ֻҪڼ˾С
ЦȻˣСӴʲôƳһƷ
һƷɡȡɴ֮󡣡
һЦ˵ããǳãС˵ǣ²С˵ǣ֪ϢĻһ൱ļġ
ȻĻҪҪھͷһϢھ͸
ͷҲáھͷһϢԴС˵֮С˵綼ûǰɡȻһҶ˶ǷǳС˵ңҲ㹻ӰվǲܺᲢۡ
ЦǸҴñء
ȥȥȥϽϢȥ
ͷóֻ½ӹ΢
һ΢ѾǺþ֮ǰˡ
Щ˵ѾþûԹӹ巢΢𣿡
С֪ˡ
һЦ˵ұͲϲôû΢Ҳ
˵䣬Ѿ༭һ΢ѡ񷢲
ҺãӦѾ֪ˣɴᡣɴ֮һƳµƷһƷһǳƷΪҪдˡȻ֮ǰƷһµĳ԰ɡⲿƷӵɴվϽءϣܹϲ
˺óʱĹӹ΢ָˡ
һ£עһɾ޴ķ籩
ϵӰ֮⣬Ҫӹˡ
ӹ΢£ȻͬСɡ
Щڵһʱͷֹӹ΢˵ǣ϶С˵ԡԣȫϲ֣鲻ԽĺһԲۣ
Ȼڵһʱȥµ΢дЩʲô
֮һ䡰Բۡ
С˵ǣԲۡѿڶ



ڶǧ ӹҪд
ȫеţӹȻҪдС˵ˡ
ʵ̫˼ˣ
֮ǰӹС˵ȻһٿС˵ʱС˵Ķһȫµʱ
ӹС˵Ϊ˾Եľ䡣
ǡӢ۴˲Ц¡ǡ齣齣½Сﴫ桷㴫桷ƷǳΪľ䡣
ȻС˵ʱӹЩС˵ȴȻǷĶۡ
ڣЩС˵ϵȶȣȻǳߣڹӹĿǰصС˵ɴ֮¡
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ͷӦþȻӹдС˵ܻɷǳӰ졣С˵ȴ˼Ϊĺڴ
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֣ࡢѾ߽ԹЦСӵļУȥͳ



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ĶಿƷҲͬԲͬĳΪȴûһƷƳΪƷ




ڶǧ Ҷ׼
ƳΪƷ
ӡ˫Ӧӵġ
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Ҫȥеĳϲ̶һĻڵһĳʻƳ
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пܡңопܵľĩƳʱǸʱƻңӢﱲойµʱ
˵úеҲΪĩƳʱйµʱӹС˵㲻þʱΪġ
Խ˵Խڴ˰ҺϲĩƳǶʷ
ҲϲϣӹǶʷΪ
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еġơ֣üеȫ˷ܲѡ
һڹӹⲿƳΪС˵ȫΪڴ
Ȼ󣬶еġ˫֣ҵȻҲǳȤ
˫ȻӦָǡ
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ǳԶ⸸Ůˡ
ҲǳԶٵ⡣ʨӴ󿪿20Ҳûܹõ20
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մԣҲʣЦϰ⻰ûڵȷûй


ڶǧһʮ Լ
ϰ˹մĻ֮󣬵һЦ˵ôСӣû˵˰ɣԺٴⷽţƣȥ˽˽ⱻ˿Ц
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⡭մ΢΢üôҪô˵أ
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ʲô壿
ܹմô룬ϰ˵ôϰ壿ҵĶ𣿷ģ߼ۡһɣΣ˵Ļҿϰδõó
ϰ屻Цˣݺ˵Сӻûûǰɣúúãóһ˵һ򣬾Ҳжҳ¡
ǺһЦ˵ԭϰҲǸˬ֮ˡȻˣǾͶԼɡ˶¡
ϰһЦ˵ĶǶĻͱҪΪ㵢ôʱĲΣ
ԡ
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ֳ˰С︸ŮմˣĴӦˣһ
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򰡣ԲһСĿˡ
治䣿
ˣ˰
΢΢һЦ˵ԡǴҰѶù֮󣬾鷳մʦ¼Σ
մüȻû⡣λȰѻ˵ҲΪ˰㣬˵ǵȷǶһʵǵ˵
ͷմʦʵǵ˵ͺá
Ȼֶϰ˵ϰô
ϰû⡣ŹմʦƽġˣȥĶɡô˵ţ㲻ܾ˰ɣ
ЦǺǵ˵ܣܡңΪϰ尲ģһȥȡһ˰ȥȡͿˡ
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ϰСӸʲôô棿
ϰ⻰ɾͲˡΪϰãϰ嵣˲ǡ
ϰһ˵ãҵҪȡʲô
ЦЦϰ壬ǶС˵Сһ¡
Сʮ⣬ΪʲôͻȻȥ
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ԣԥߵǰ
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նյ󣬱ָ˽гɷ飬յúֵģȻ͸μ迣ǳԣҳԺ޲棬˵ǳóԡ
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൱ĽоҲǳˬ
ϰЦǺǵ˵ϰ壬յˡǲӦöֶԼ֧200ˣֽˢԡ
ֳ˹Ц÷ǳϰǷʰ
ڣϰô죿֧ǲ֧
֧Ļ200һ붫⣬ԳΪһЦ
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ϰˣҪˣոҲֻǿͷԼˣ
200һ붫⣿
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ϰһѵСӿˣ
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ϲ䡣
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գ
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ڶǧٶʮ 200ֻҪһ
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ԭôһ¶
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ˣȫЩջ
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ϰ壬̫˰СôɰҲƭȥ֣õǮĻᰲ𣿡
Ҷסҵ갡Ժҵſ·ʱһҪԶһЩȻ˵ͻ᲻СİϰƴδʲôĹŶˡʱⲻ𰡣
Ǿǡ֮ǰ·ôζûĸоԼˡԺ󰡣һҪԶһЩԺûôõˡ

ϰΧ˵ۣ֪ļƻǳ׵ˡ
ǸɶСӣһµˡ
ڣҪ콫˽⣬Щɢ
Ȼûˡ
ϰ˵Ƭûˡ˺ˣҾͲ׷ˡҲС︸ŮǮˡɢˡɢˣɢ˰ɡ
ϰ嵱ȻԼƭӡ
˶ϰ⻰⡣
ϰ⻹ǲϳԼƭӰ
УϰոմˣǷ˼С200Ҳˡ
ǣ˵ϰ塣ϣǻûʲô취Ƿ˼С200Ǯ飬ǴҶǼ֤ߣɲ˰
ԶԶԡǶǼ֤ߡϰ壬ϽǮɡ˼С˵ˣˢֽ𶼿ԡ
ϰ壬ǮǮǮǾͲߡ
ԡǮǾͲߡ

ϰɫڣ˵Ҹո˵ˣСֻͶȡɣӮˡδģûӮ
ʲôͶȡɣ˼ǻۣǴǻۡİоϻϽǮ
ҪҪо¡ٲɢҪ˰
ð㱨챨챨ִˡץƭӣץǣ
˿ɲϰ屨
ϰȻıֻŻŻˡ
ڼŻãҲʮֽ
走ǳʦ֪ĻǸСˡ
ڸô죿
ʱЦǺǵ˵ϰǳҪ˰
ϰ忴һӻ˵ʲôˣ˵ǲӮ
ϰǮʵνΪԭûΪϰǮ200ʵ˵ҿϡ
ȷʵֻΪ˽ѵϰһ٣Ϊ200
ȻҲֻϰͷԼˡ
200˵á
ǮͲ֪жˡÿһӵĶȣƶֻ200
˵ǣ˼СǲӦ֣صĵǸ⳥㹻ľʧѰ
⻰һ˷ֵַͷҪСǸҪ㾫ʧѡ
С˵200ϣ
200򰡣200顣һӶô
СӼǮˣӦҲ200򶼿ϰɣ
ϰЦһ˵СӾͱװˡ200㿴ϡ200֪200ж𣿡
һЦҪ˵200ֽһһûķŵҵǰҲûȤȥ
ϰЦСװƻһ֡㣬ʲôģһǮ
֪ûҲ
ϰЦСӼװƣɾû˼˰
̾Ϣһһָһһ֣˵ô˵ɡ200ֻҪôʱ䣿
ϰһӣҿǺҿһҲ200򡣡
ҡͷһӡ
ϰ100ꣿСܹ100˵
ٴҡͷ˵100꣬Ҳʮ꣬һ꣬һ£ǡһӡ
һһӣһ200򣿡ϰܻСӣôװҲҪи޶Ⱥòãô˵һӣ
һӦûǲ
ʱֳҲΪװ̫ˡ
ǲʱװơ
ܹװһϰ壬Ǻõġ
ȷ̫ˡ
һ200
ֻд˵еܹˡ
Сװͷˡ
Ҳ˵ʲôոȫСӽҴϰı
Ȼڶڹ
СװƣǾװˡ



ڶǧٶʮһ ѼӲ
ϰ忴ֳ˵ķӦʮֵ⣬˵Сӣ˶Ϊװơ˺ˣϽ߰ɣûո㳶
һЦ˵ϰ岻žˡҵȻȷߡС︸ŮǸ⳥˾ʧ֮Ҿ뿪ʧѲҪˣ20ɡ
20򣿡ϰֱΪǮǼİ20ô˵200ˣ߰ɡ˵20򣬾ǧٶûСȵȣΪʲôҪ㣿Ҳ׷ǵκðɣҶѾСҵδƿˡ
ʱС︸ŮҲߵǰ
Сĸ˵Сӣǳл㡣Ҫ㣬ǽ߲ˡǮǾѾǳˡϰǸͲˣǮ͸ǲˡ
СҲ˵λ磬Ѿǳˡǳлл㡣
΢΢һЦ˵ǲҪ¡йġǲĲӣӹ
ʱ򣬹մ˵˵úܶԣйġǲҪ£ȫġ
ֳˣҲߵ˵
йġܿƤӵʧ
˵úãʱҪй
ϰ壬Ͻ˵ǸȻ⳥ʧѡͰС˵ģ20һֶ١
ԣ20һֶ١ղŲҪ˼С︸Ů20˼20ɡ
ϰ壬ϽġȻǿɾҪˡ

ϰ忴ߵˣﰵпࡣ
ôŭ˰
ҪǸǵҲǲܽܡ20ǾԲܵġ
ԭŶǮڲһǮûжﵽҪ20
ôܣģ
ֻһҧƬȥˣδƿˡ
ǣϰ˵ǲҪ˶ơǴƿδƿҿԱ֤Ҳ׷СΣѾǿˡôӦҵǸǮǻǾɢȥĺáͿҪʼˣʱˣɱûǡ
ֳȴΪѾٷ֮ٵȷţϰˣֶˡ
иƨδƿ
˵ϰ壬˵档ϽƬóɡմʦһ¡δƿĻǸһ⳥ʧ
ϰ壬ó𣿲ҵĻ͸ϽǸǮ

ϰأӲ˵ˣƬóȥˡôǲأ
Ÿϰ廵úܡ
ֳ˶š
ʱЦǺǵ˵ϰǲײĲˡȻˣҿɾͲˡ
ϰһ˵ҪʲôСӣĿ֮£ɲҪ
ȻֻǰϰƬóѡ
ϰ΢΢һոѾлƽƬصεĵطȥˡ
ǾԲҵõġ
ϰ󶨣ЦȻ㲻ţͽȥҺˡҵдвֵǮĶҪСˣǱҪ⳥ġ
ǺһЦ˵ͲҪϰˡ
˵꣬߽
ƵȷƬص÷ǳΡ
˻ⶼһ飬ӦҲҲġ
ǣСæܻƲصöΣ޴Ρ
ˣһǽаƬͲǸ
ͷȻֱߵǰ棬ϸ۲졣
Ҳ΢΢Ծøİ
СѣƾֻҲԽ֡
ľϰ˾κˡ
СΪʲôᾶֱһֱվ
ѵİôܣ
ûѣôܻ˷а
һֻɺϣķˡ
ȻСӦѾˣһֱ￴
ϰҪһȴ˵ϰ壬ƺһ񰡣Լ򿪣Ұ򿪣
ϰ𣬾Ȼķˡ
ôܣ
Ӧô죿ϰ峹׵ĻˣȻȫ
Ƭˣֻ²òǮˡ
ܴ򿪣ܴ򿪣ϰʶ˵
ѾˡѾ򿪣óһӡ
ˣϰһƨ˵ϡ
ʵ벻ףηаģ
ֳ˼ĽƬ˳ȫкá
ӿϰ廹кλ˵
ϰ壬˵ϰôˣΪԼʵûаȫԷ˵ЩƬǸոСǸƿƬ
ϰһ԰Է񶨰ΪʲôԼû뵽أ
ǹһЦ˵ҲҪ񶨡ΪⱾͲǸƿƬ֮ǰƲСĴһͨƿҾƬãûûȥӵ



ڶǧٶʮ ɪɪϰ
ͷ˵ϰ巴ӦܿΪ˵𣿡
ϰ಻ţ˵Ķʵ
ֳ˳ŭˡ
Բۣϰ壬ôô˵ɵ𣿡
ģƵꡣ
ɡ˵ѾûˣϰԹȥ׼ˡ
ˡǵɵˡ

ϰ峹׻ˡҪһ㲻Ҫ⡣
æ˵úúãǵǸϵĵǸ
ϰһ˵׼˱Ż˶
ȿһϰǸ˵
ϰ岻ˣʲô˼ˣ첽ߵС︸Ůǰ˵ǸǳǸҿܵȷԩˡǱʾǸϣܹܡ
ʲôпԩˣϰ壬˵ϰĵǸֳ˲⡣
ϰһҧ˵ҵȷԩǡϣǽҵĵǸ
ԩԩǳĶթϰ壬㲻˵𣿡ֳһ˵
ϰﳤ̾һ֪һ㣬ûˡ
ǸɶĳСӣ
ڣǲòˡ
ǣϰڳˣĶթС︸Ůʵ
СϲҲʮּ
ֳҲϰĵǸ
黹ûꡣ
Ǹǵˣʧѻûء
20ֳ˼ǵʮ
ϰ壬⾫ʧѰɡ֮ˡ
⾫ʧˡ20ɡ

20ϰ嵱Ȼ⡣Ҫ⳥Ҳû⳥20ôĵ
ϰʾ20ôࡣܹ⳥2000Ǯ
ʵֳҲûָϰ⳥20ôࡣ
20ȷһСĿϰǻȥˣҲԲԸôࡣ
ȻˣǾ;ȡϰһЩˡ
ǣ˷׷ױʾ2000Ҳ̫ˡ
Բ
һּۻ֮ϰ֮䣬ƺҪ⳥ǮЭˡ
ʱЦǺǵ˵ϰ壬20⳥һֲ١Ȼ֧200ĶĽɡ
ϰһؼʱСӳҡ
ҪСӣĻ־棿
ϰ忴ԽԽջСģδ̫֪ߵغˡ
ǣϰɫ˵СӣΪ˭ȰòҪһ֪ߵغӡǹԹԵı죬Ȼ뿪Ȼҿɲұ֤᲻ᷢһЩ飿
һЦ˵ϰҪ֪˭ĻҵȻԸ㡣֪˭֮ǲҲ֧ҵ200ĽԣȰ㻹ǲҪ֪ĺá
ϰЦ˵СӴһʼڣʱ޿̲װơңװȫǴơǰסˡ˵һ֣ҿǲĲҲ֧200Ľ𣿡
ȻϰҪ֪ĻǾͽֽһúˡ
ϰҪֽʲô
ô
ϰһ˵ֽʵУͷϡԼðɣҵ׿Сӵ׸ʲô
һЦ˵Ҳá
˵֮߽Ȼֽʡ
ëʡǩֱʶС
ëʣһհֽдһ֡
ȻʾϰԼ
ϰ岻мһЦ߹ȥֻ첻ֽһơ
˲䣬ͫ׷ŵκˡ
Ȼܿ죬嶼ʼɪɪ
Ϊֽдǣ
ʥ˼ңԵׯһʿ
ʲô˼
ÿһ˿һףǴ˵еԵũׯׯʥʿ
˵һĴڡĹ£Ǵ˵
ÿ춼͹ִ˵½ֵ
ϰɪɪҲţǰͨˣȻǴ˵е
֪˾Բǣð棬
ֻҪֽϵһ־֪ˡ
鷨裬֮⣬Բеڶܹд
˿ϰ壬˵ϰǺ֪˭ˣ
ϰʶľҪͷܿ첻סҡͷڣҷǳǳҡ
һЦ˵ô⳥顭
ϸ20һֶ١ϰϽ˵
˵һӣʱûлˡ
ͷϰ廹ǿԷǳʶȤΪʲô֮ǰƫƫϸأ
ϰɪɪµûûСû벻˼ҡϾ͸𣿡
ͷ
ϰɴ⣬Ȼ첽ߵС︸Ůǰǳ˵λС㣬Ը⳥20Ϊҵ⡣ǣû20ֽôࡣ鷳ǸһпţҰǮתп
һת̫죬ֳȫɵˡ
֪׷ʲô飿


ڶǧٶʮ ʥ˼
ֳȫɵˣС︸ŮҲɵˡ
ʲô
ϰ֮ǰһֱ⳥𣿺ֳ˵ѹ֮£ŲòӦ⳥
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ôͻȻ֮ˣ
̬ȼãС︸Ů⳥˼
⵽ô£
ֳȫס
˶֪͸ոСϰ忴һҳֽйء
СӵдЩʲôΪʲôϰͻȻ֮ôˣ
ûȷǾ¡
˶óϰͻȻ֮ʮ־ǸСӡ
ȫǰδеĺ档
ڲ׷Ѱ𰸵ʱ
еĿȫС︸Ůϡ
ϰϣС︸ŮпţС︸Ů
С︸ŮҲɵˣȻ
ҲҸ˭֪ϰڷʲô񾭣
ϰС︸ŮûӦЩļ
˵λСģʵҪ⳥20ġԲʲôǸһпš
С︸ŮȻҸ
ʱ˵Ƿĸˡˣġ
ϰҲϽ˵ԶԶԣλ˵öԣҲˣʲôġ
ڶΣСĸڸһпŸϰ塣
ϰ峤һ˵΢һ¡תǡ
˵꣬ϰóֻʼ
ֳ˳׸ɵˡ
Ҫת
̫ˡ
֮ϰ˵ѾתˡǲһյûУ
С︸Ů˳״ס
ϰ徹Ȼĸת20ĵõ20⳥
ⶼģ
Ůֻһжʵ̫λˡ
СĸЩ͵˵òˡ࡭ϰ塣
ϰͷǷģȷѾת20򡣡
Ȼϰ첽ߵߣͷ˵𣿡
ͷԡȻأǲǻǷҶĽ𣿡
ϰȻһҷϣ˵ǵģǵġһǷ200򡣲һʱ֮ȷò200򡣻һʱ䡣һڣұ֤һ֮ڣ200򡣻
ֳ˸ɵˡ
ϰжǸСӰ
200򰡣񶼲ҷһ¡
ϰ壬ͻȻЦЦ˵ˣ200ʱҪˡϣϰԺĪҪһ۸ʵˡȻ¾Ͳ200ˡ
һֱûҪϰ200
200˵ǵڵ϶ȥ
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ڣϰӦĵõ˽ѵҲ֪ˡ
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ϰĻͻȻʮָӡ
Ȼ󹧾ޱȵ˵лģԺԲˡ췢ġ
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ͷȻԼոдֵһҳֽ
ȻߵСǰ˵Сãʲô֣
С˵λ磬ҽϫ
Ц֡
ȻһҳֽݸС˵͸㡣áԺ۸ĻͰóԷͲ۸ˡ
𣿡С۾һҳֽץס˵лл磡
һЦ˵ˣˡҲҪˡԺԵĻǻټ
֮մԼֳ˵
ֳʱɻ󣬵ֱֲô£
ֻܵһȥϰˡ
뿪ֳ
ֳ˷׷˵ټ
СϫǷǳ˵ټ
ϰǳ΢΢뿪
뿪ֳ֮˷׷ϰ塣
ϰ壬⵽ôһ¶
ϰ峤һ˵СｫһҳֽǿȻˡ

˶Сϫ
ϫֽģԸø˿
ϰ״ЦЦ˵СøҿɡȻλ͸ģû˸ġʵ˵Ը200򽻻һҳֽ
СﻹЩԥԼĸס
˵ոλȻ˵ˣ۸ʱ԰ֽøԷ˵ҳֽǿø˿ġȻˣøҿɡ
Сŵͷֽչ
ԼҲһֱûʵҲֽ֪ϵдЩʲôΪʲôô
ֽչȫֽ
ʥ˼ңԵׯһʿ
˶ڵһʱ俴ˡ
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ͬʱҲһСˣϰΪʲôرı仯
ԭոСӱǴ˵еʥ
ֱ̫˼ˡ
˶ھ
ȫʮֵ˷ܺͼ
ǽȻ֮á



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ֳ˶ǳ
Ϊǽۼ֤һ¡
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ʵĲ֣Īϰ֮ǳԼ
˭õóһ붫⣿
Ƕ
վڹŶĽǶȿȻǶ
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һԼһʼϰѾעҡ
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ңǷǳһע𼫴ķ粨ϲ
δܳһʱһʼձ˽ֵ
ǣһµֳ֤ߣǲߡ
µĹУǶκϰԻ
Կ˵ǲˡ
ԽԽ˷ܡ
ǹմʮֿܡմڹܴ
Ҳֻڹѡ
˹磬û֪մ˭
һΣմ¹µҪߡ
˵㹻𾴡
ңļԹµӰ첻С
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Ӵֻ֮ºܶ˶֪һĹҽմһιһλϰ塣
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ȺУС︸ŮˣʱҲ֪ˣǸǵСӣǴ˵е
ǵȻҲǷǳϤġ
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СϫһҳֽСۺãСպá
ֳ˿СĶȫΪĽ
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ʥ˼ңԵׯһʿ
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ҽԤеʲôϲ¶ԭǹ¹¡һϲ¶
һεĹǷ
Ͻ˵һʲôĹ£Ǽˡ
ǣϽ˵ʵѾȲҪ֪ˡ

ҲҪżһεĹºܳǳʡ˵һ˵·ʱ͵ص㡣ʱڸող֮ǰصħĹгϡȻ󣬾Ҫӹгϵһҵ˵ˡ
˵˹¡
һ߿£һ߻ڸۡ
ԲۣδƿǼٵİɣδƿôܾôڷ棿
ǣ϶Ǽٵġϰ
ԵңóϰõʲôֶΣ
ֶβӡǸƿϰ׼õ壬Ȼڵ۲Եһ֣ҾǸƿʱϰͻĳֶΣǸƿԼơȻ˵ģǮ
ֶβθò˵Ч
ǰǸСϰȻ۸һСϰʵЩɶ񡣡
˭˵أ




ڶǧٶʮ ޷Ⱑ
µһһ˵ͷͷǵġ
˵ˡ
ûôء
ҶǴˣϰһСˡϰ彫һƿƬøֳһλרҼ֤֮ǿƬȷʵδƿƬ
⻰һһƬȻ
ԲۣȻδƿⲻܰɣôδƿأ
ҲΪӦþԲܰӦúϰľֲŶ԰
֪ˣһǸרҺϰһġһһͣ˫ء
ԶԶԣרҺϰһġһ
ԭˡǿɶ񰡣˶ɶ񡣡

ǵķеϧʵǸרҲǺϰһġרҽմڹǳȨܺϰһǿƬȷδƿ
Ҳô˵ϰĴƿδƿˣʵ޷뵽
δƿǾпǸСˡͿ˰
ϰһδƿô棬ⲻǸ鷳
δƿֵǮʮ򣿻Ǽ򣿡
ֵ٣϶һССҲ̫ˣ

ҲҪżҲû˵ϰĴƿδƿ
ţʲô˼˵ǿƬδƿ𣿡
ǿƬȷġǸƿҲİ
ţʲô˼
ϵ˶Щ±ˡ
ǿƬģǸƿȴģ
飿չҲ
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԰ȻǸʦܺϰһǾֻ˰
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Ҳ¶ˡΨһƭֵˣȷʵûҴϰƭ֡ǴȺúóһϰ塣
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죡˵˵γϰģҸоµĸ߳Ҫˣ
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նµⲻܰɣԣ˵жҲš˵жһš
Ҳжȥϰɣ
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ֻΪ˳ϰ塣γεģ

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԰ôԿжóĻ200ϰˣóĻҪϰ200ȷôԿ
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ҲȷǸ±ˡѾȫ޷ˡûϣҪȡӦûصʥȡôȴСȥȡѵͷڸ
ǾͷڸҲǸСȥȡ
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ڶǧٶʮ ޼֮
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ǲµûдȷСĶʲôӦþûܹµˡ
ⲻϻһܹµģ
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ãǾͲˡֱӸǴ𰸰ɡСĶȻһ붫⡣
⻰һȫɵۡ
Բۣ
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ϰȷԸҪ˵ͶȡɡҲԼˡ
֪ϰԹԸ200Źˡ
ϰǸʱ򻹲֪ݡ֪ֱ֮ɵˡﻹҲǮ߶µıʾԸ200ֻһʱ֮òôǮһڵʱ׼
200ϰ˵ҲȷһʺܴˡϰⴿǾȡһҲֵͬ顣
Ҫ˼СҪ200򣿡
200͵һѵˡ

ûҪϰ200ֻΪ˸ϰһѵҪϰ200200˵ƾǵڵϣȥ񡣡
ûҪϰ200𣿺ðɣҲ200˵ȷûκε塣200򣬶˵ҲǷַӵ顣
200ԲҪһҪϰ峢һνѵ

ҷġΪϰ֪ˣȡ˽ѵ֮󣬲ûҪ200ġң֮ǰϰ廹Ҫ֮£С︸ŮϵǸ˶20Ϊʧѡ
ɵƯҪϰС︸ŮǸǮ
һС︸ŮҲøˡȻܵ˾Ⱥίõ20⳥ѾһСˡȻǱҪҺ͸лֳȻǱϰﶨˡ
20ȷǲˡ˼СӦõġ

СһεȷøңõġԶԶֹ20ô򵥡20õһ˶Ľֵġ
𣿱20ļֵҪߵöࣿ
ѾǸ߶ٵˡǼ˵޼֮ˡ
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ױдһ֡ģʥ˼ңԵׯһʿΪױдһ֣ǲ֪ݡ⸣͸С˵Ժ۸СʱСͰóԷͲ۸ˡ
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ڶǧٶʮ ʫдһ룬
˶ʾʮ⣬ο͵Ȼ˷ܡ
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ԺΪ⣬кѣ
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һײǰ׺׻ǺڶģԺΪʫȻǿԼ׺ףҲں׵ġ
ôһ˵Ҳȫοͣû˵ԺںΪˡ
ƫƫƽֱһ䣬ɰΪѩΪ¡ǰ׺ףʮˡ
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Щɻ
ƽʲôأڹ˼ԺںΪдһʫ
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룬Ҳǡ
Ǿȿ˵ȵƽ׷ʾԼĺް취֮ٳ֣Ҳ١
ǣµĵš
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ѵа취ڡԶһ׷ɣɰΪѩΪ¡ʫ󣬽ʫȻð׺ױΪںף
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Щûòɣ
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˵֮Ȼˡ΢΢һЦ˵ҿдʫԶһ׷ɣɰΪѩΪ¡ȷ˵ΪʹĻʵЩϧԣʫд䡣
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ƽҲΪӦûи΢΢һЦ˵λ֪ʫдǰ׺ףǣλԺںΪдһʫԣҪʫĺдĻͱҪͨʫ׺ױΪںסԣܲ
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ƽ쾹Ȼ˻Ե



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λҪʫοͿ϶ǳмٸмҲֻһǳͨ顣
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Լʫޡ
Զһ׷ɣɰΪѩΪ¡Ȼ˵дпɣҲֻпɶѡ
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Լ֣Ǿ;Բܻȥˡ
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ԭΪֻΪʫΪ޼֮
⻹Ҫġ
Ҫǣּпܻ˶ȫ
ԴһƬհףʧȥ˼



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ֳΧ۵οǣȻҲ֪ݡ
ǵͬ˾κˣ˷ܡѡ
һ˵˺þõ֮ڹ˵ԭĪҡ
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ԣܵȥʥԼȥʥ壬Ƿǳ޴ġ
ԣ˲˷ܺͼ
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ȻԵܹƽȣҲ㹻˷ܺͼˡ
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кܶĵطȥء
ƽԼ༸ˣлƻƺֳеοͣȫ׷׺ض˵ټ



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Ȼǳܹ̸ཻһǿûͣһ
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ȻĿԶԶ֮󣬲ջĿ⡣
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СӴǳ⣬ϾͿԱ
Ȼˡʥ֪ǿǴ˵еֱ¶ǿСӴ⣬˵ֻһǳǳС顣˵Ѵ֮
ĲţСֲ˼ڶ̶̵ʱءԭǾˡ
ֳ˵˻̫ˡ
첻֪ûȥֳˣ̫źˡ
ǲ֪˵һС磬һǳƯںӱߵ飬ȻûȥҲźź
Ҳ˵ˣûȥǺڰ뵽Ǵ˵еأ

Ϣ֮󣬴ķ˿
ԭǶûκεĸо
ٴơٶǣڴ˵Ȥ
Ǵ˵еѾνˡ
ѾǳԽǶȼĴڡ
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ԣûȥֳĴǣֳȫǳǳź


ڶǧʮ ڣ˵΢
ڴҷǳźʱ˵ҲҪźΪ˵ˣԺһСӴġ
Щź˲伤
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ȥȻҪȥСӴһ顣ǱҪȥġ
ǰߣҶȥ

дʱڴĴǣȫ໥ߺţŹ԰ȥ
԰·⣬һ飬Ҷȥ
һЩȽѾ߲˵ˣҲ໥Ȼ԰ȥ
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ɽĻ֮󣬵ͷȷҪһšң̫СˡҪܹСͻ
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峤ҳصд󣬸ǰδеľϲ


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ԶԶԣ峤˵öԡﻹҪǮĵҪ治Ҫ
ʱȫͶһȥæ

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ɽ΢΢һЦ˵峤иλ磬룬ڵǮˣǵĹǮǲؾòӦá
Ҳ˵ǰǵĹǮӦõġãСܻ᲻ء
⡭𣿡峤ʹǶʡ
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峤ǳ˼˵λЦˡΪҶˣԹҹ롣λģֻڼӴҹЧǳõġ
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һȻ˵ʱûȥĵطˡ
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أСѾͷЩ˷ܣֱӾ˹
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ڶǧʮ ǴӸʲôã
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ЦǺǵ˵㿴ڸרҵ·Ų·ҪӺӿӺӿԹ֡ȻУںһţǹȥ԰
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˺฽ӵˣȫΪ𾪡
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СӴҪܹ2000綼֪ԣʲôȥˡ
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ټӣ֪ʲô˼ˣ
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2000ټϼӣǸǶ٣
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ڼżˣȻ˵СӴҰ㣬ԼСӴ֮󣬷һϵ飬ǳϸ˵һ顣
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ͷǡȻǵȻ֪ǵڶ֮ǲ֪ġ
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ԣӵ˸ԻصСӴ鱼档
ȻԽԽӵˣСӴ֡
СӴ嶼һƬֵľ

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顢أСѾͷĸ˻ص˴ӡ
Ȼһ˼ңȻֵ֣Եӡ
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ٺһЦ˵ѣҲûʲôѵġ
֣Цһ䣬Ȼ˵Ŀڸеȷܲ˵ѾкܳһʱûгԹˡ
˵ҲóʱûԹˡϧû㡣Ȼȥһԡ
ȷǺöҪרιˡ
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ԣҵĶǸոճ
óͷڣֱһȥ㶨ˡ
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