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2
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飺
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ΪҽΪҰ濪ؾѰ׻Ѫ̤׻Ԧݱ񷣬ճΪ¡


1 
Ǳ½޼ڡ
ҽֻ޼ڲѧһЩ
ѩ죬ۿϼɽɽȴһλڶëѩ£˫ֺʮ
ǰѩϾۼһ¶һȺꡣ
ǴӰ굽ʮ֮䣬ԼĪʮˣ۾Ŷ䣬Ȳ˵ÿһ֡
Ҳʮ꣬һ˫ۣϸ̶ɣ۾ӳԶѩǵĳɽ룬ɫ֮͸һȻһĶ
ѩǷ˿һ֮ѩ롣
ôˣһȻأʿءزء˲ֳ֮ءӵСءڱǼֻ֪塢ͨھ޳ɡȻԪӵԪͲˡ
תֶźһʯִԱ߼һ֦

꾹дһ㣬ڴʯϽһ֦ʯִָĺۼܿ컭һͼ
ЩһզָϽס졣
ͼϸࡢͷֱһ㣬ָڸһ磬ʲôط
֮Ԫ֮ءͬ
֮һġ˲ءǿ˲ءܿ߱ӵ治ʣΪʿ
ӣǡزءͷǡء
˲صɫܿزءǸɫ
һµ˵
ܣܿ˲ߣһˣܿڵĵزߣǧһˣܿߣֻһ˳ɡǾҹͣУһһһһ˲ض޷ǧҲʮ˿Կ֮һ˲ء
ӿ϶˲ء
ޣʮʹﵽ岮ǲеġԪΪ޼ǧһ˲š
Ǳ½ҲҲš
·һը˹
ü˭Ҳûʱȭͷȴ߬š
ƺЩ˵Ļڴһ񾭡
ӵ俪زءǷϣܳΪ޼ڵӣΪҹҫ棬Ϊʾһ¶ԡƿء
ͫɫȻһ˫Ѹһ֣һǰƮѩץ֮ʣγһѩˡ
Щ꿴ѩ˲Լͬ¶֮ɫ·𽫰꾪Ϊˡ
ѩ࣬ĲͬһŮ
ͻȻĿ֮¶꣬ѩˡ벻áѩŮԽвһ
оԣֻСѩŮĴڣӦӦĺѩڻڻðɣ㡭ӦòȱְĽ߰ɣҡ桯ѲǸǱ½޼ţֻ޼֮ңң֮ԼҲһЦ
ѩŮָұ΢΢Щ
áҡĺ
˭峤ùú񣬵ûйùô
һֶΣͬʱֱǾµѩŮ

ָ£ȭͷѩŮ˲ʧȥƿضѩ

˷ǳʧ̾ϢȻû
үˣ߲һ;ۼȥ
ʱѩ֮У׹һЩѩһŮæԶо·
ûκһɣܿؽԿԼŬһжģҼĪ˷ó⡣
һ仰תѩֱȥ
¶߲Ϊһۼ
Ůѩ棬漱ȷʡ
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Ҳ𼱻ǣŮѩ
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޼λڴ½ɡ
ǵӽѫʵǿԱ켫ڴ衮޼һΪ˽вƲ޼ƿµĽڣϮš
ϼɽء
ҴԼǧˣ֮Ҳֻе
ɽһС򣬱ڡ
ѩŽֵһլ㻹ƮŴѩȻкЩ˼ڴ֮⡣
ǡǹˡ
լǸ߲֮ء
ӵΧһЩתѩ֮һǣһŮһһ̤ź
ȺͻȻը˹˲תȶ꣬ϽóһÿжǾɵ
Ů
δ˴Ůһ̤ţ߼


2 ĸ
Ԧǧһš
ʲôҾڵƬ޼磬үǵһţһʱΧ嶼ǡ
ϧһǰ޼ɽš
ſ˶Ȳ඼档
ڲŮʱһŵĸ߲ɭɫ·оҪϼ֡
֣о˲涼Ķࡣ
潫Ů⣬ȭ񣺡λ塢
ǰǴϣ֮˲ߣһʮµŮӣ˵ֻǴЩ졢أȴֻжʮ߰ꡣ
Ůһ˫ۣҲһоǴ飺
ŮӲĸҲϼɽ峤䡣
Ƶò˾벻һ֮
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֣ǵȷǷԪʯҪϢ¼ֱҹΪѡвǣЭ
һѮߣǳߵӡ
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޼һʧȥҲʧȥϼɽȨҲԽ޼УҾթʮԪʯ
߲Ҳ²졣
ʮԪʯҲһ󾮣ÿ࿪ɼԪʯȥɱһʣࡣ
Ϸҵ䣬΢΢һɨ˾Ȼ˵ҪʮԪʯҲ֣ܳȻֻʣ޵ǻʱӦ
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߲һҲˣ˦˦뿪á
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һԪɢ޷»Դ־޼ķͳͳ޷ֻ־
ص䣬һֱĬĬŲ
ֱóһؼһ汾ûһ֣ɵ۾ʱҳϾȻһֻֻġ

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ͻȻɫһǷֻ֮죿
һ࣬ȡʱ䣬ԶţҿηҪҡ
޼ʹӭʱ峤ǰұɽһ嶼ɲǻ겻ôçײǿͻơԪ䡯磬¾ͲŪ棬Ҳѿ

Ȼֽ˫֣Լ˫֮кǻΪһ֮Ԥϣѣ޹أҶ츳ʮͻƻԪǶٳ˶Կ磬㲻ҲĽ֪ӣҲȰЩϢ


3 
һ̣Ц뿪˷䡣
ԪӴԺٲͻƣҺôҲӵԪĻԪʿСԶͣ¡
ſƬ̣žһ档
ĸһ˳ô࣬ʧһδɢΣһʣһΣҲܵˡ
ɢѡΪʿ͵ø춷ضǿ߶˵ĸԣԼ

˫ȭ߬ǽڼĦͻȻ𣺡ѵ̫ΪͻƻԪ䡭ҵʵ޷ﵽԪҲ͡
ʿΪʯͨⷽͨ޳̤һȻһоŴݣһ䵽䲻ͻơ
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ҹҲֻ峤ǻԪ߲㶼һʮ꺢ͯһ޵ûԪ
ҵǧ꣬Ҳδֹš
˵ҷ޼ڣԼǱ½޼ڸǿҲδֹ־ӡ
ҸоΪⱾ顯ŵɢͻʧܡ
֪ʲôʱֳ֮ǰǱɫؼ
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Ȿؼ޼ڱ䣬ѡʱֵⷢģʱ˵һûһ֡
淭ʱģ뻹һƪΪ־


֮ԴؾﶼҪ
Ҳ
ط֮߿Ϻɽ̤ӡշСܳ
ߣͨطУӵԦͽҡŰ˷޵һһɽûҷ
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ֻʱ䣬ǵʱҲ㹻ԪʯҷѡҲܾԴУ˹ͻ˲֮һԪɢҲҪһԣһ

ͻȻ˫ֺʮġ
ӿϢЩϢӿ˫֮е飬벻Ȿ黺˫ƿҳǿһɫûһ֡
ֵܿġġ
ԽԽ࣬㿪ʼӶ˫ۣ˫Ĵӡ
þ֮Χֲͬ˿һϢƤӿڡ
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ɢܡɢ
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ۣ
緿ڶʧԪٿʪ͸ԪѾ׶Ѫɫ
ȻһһѪӡʱͻȻǰһΣʧȥƽ⡣
Ӵˤ£һ̣ΪѪɫԪԸٶɢ壬ֲ϶ɢѪѪ
˿̷ɢҲΪֹͣУԪҪⲻ͸ʧ
ү
öֵţ˱ͺ棬Ȼһͬƿżεڵص棬˶ŵò԰ɫ

ôˣ
Ժ滺ۣоǰǰɵģһſԼڴϡ
ĸվһԣĸעһϢ΢΢üġ
һ࣬Ϊ治ʡģһԪȫɢʧڷֵüʱȻûˡ
֮ɪɪ˲ءԪͨɢƤڡһ֮˶˰ɡ
ΪǺúչ˹ӡ
һ̣ƺЩһݽǡ
źˣ뿪䡣
һҲ뿪˾壬ԪȻһ˿һҲδʣ¡
׳һˡ
Ȼ޷ǿԪһ˿ʣӴҲ޷ʩչ档
þôͷɥ
顭־ɺˡ
ֺȵˮһҵ顣
뽫ҵϡã۲Ĳ


4 ɱ
ৣ
飬벻˿˿ϢӵϾ鷭ڵһҳġ
͡
һĻ龹Ȼӿһɻ棬ŵоԼҲҪٻ
ô£
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ͷƤ飬һ㣬Сβ͡
գۺطɳȼջ滹ڣǺɫȴʸ淴Ӧࡣ
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һж˵һۿʱޱزĴڡ
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ʹʧǵҹһദûһۼоͻȻ
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Ȼ䡣
оԺһЩģ߶־ЩľԽԽˣֱš
ĲϽӡۼƤ֮𽥲ϻΪԪ
波ֹͣӡԪɢ
һԪ˵˲

оڵԪϲ֮Աʹһ뿪䡣
Ժһ䳡ңСʱĸҪСϰ䣬ôһ䳡ľ˵ʯشٽϵʯضǡ
ǰһģһ
һ㡣

˴ѩ峿ȴֻһ˯¡
Խ͸žȻһʮʯΧ˫һһشٽʯһһڿն𣬸оһжѩ
档
ʿ뷲ߵĲͬС˹Ҳա
ʿÿġ޷ĵزֻʯʿͨܽʯμץ
ì߽ɱ
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ԼƮѩһһž޹ִһԱ˫ȭش

ΧʮƯʯһУȻһʯڰζƵͻȻһһȭƾžžžʯҲͻͻͻصһ
Хȭ
ʯ˫۸չĶ䣬ӳ״ֻ̬Ϊһʯ
ʯÿһʯ֮䣬оǲĦֻǡ
һȭ˲䣬ʯƾպɨĿʯͻצȭžžصɱΧɻѩ˲Ʒ
־Ӳ˿κ֣˭̺һ޼Ҳûһ˲ġ
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Ҫ־콫ԪԪﵽԪ߶ȣֶʲôҾˣҲȡ֮ͷ­Χ嶼֪۸ҵĺ
һ֮ڿնһʯϣ˫ֽӡ֮ΧѩͬӡΪһֻֻѩɫ򽡣
һЩѩ֣ҲΧΪ״̬
ֲþü䣬һĨʮĳӢ
ԺѩʱΧΪѩ
ӡٶȲϼӿ죬ӥգ͸أԪʲôʿϣұӵСءزء޼վȽŸ
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оԼ󲡳״̬Խ£Ҳüꤡ
ˣ˵ҵһأǵˡ
磬Ժ˾
Ѿߡ˿޺˵ҽҪˡ
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5 
ҲͲʮ꣬òŵһɨϷǽһˣʱѵǷծǮ쾭壬˻ƻҡҪѪϴ
˭Ҷһ£鲻ǻ̿־ǲ
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ڽ
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6 ˸
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ǽǧˣ󶼵׷Ϊ滶

ʱӳһʯ֮Ӧ壬ɻ֮ɫԷ˵ҷ֪ΪҵڡȻԴԴϵ
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ҸֻϣһʯƶһָҸ߲ȴϿմžٸǶʮʱ䣬ѲԪʯʮԪʯʱ֮ڲԪʯ޼һɳǧ֣̤ƽϼɽʬҰ
ʮԪʯ

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첽£ȴ˲ʮʬ塭˻Сʱ䣬书ˡ
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֪ǰ޼ڵүֻˡ
߲ĸϻظۡ
صһڷչ־ϵԼΧһЩ̬˿
黯ΪһжͬˡϧΪ޷Ӧڱ仯ҵáΪҼ顭
УԪ
ԼͶԼҴ䡣
ּУΪΡһҹԪǻԪҲֻܳеٽղȴٽʯ
ҲŪԭ
ȵȡ
仺ְͷ


7 Ѱ
ʱʧԣоκβ֮ͬɫ֪ΪľȻ֮ǰһǱҪͻȥͨЩ㡭ȫǳͨģҲûֳͨ״̬ооͷΪϴ裬ȫͨʱʱ̴̿״̬Ҷǵõ˴
𣿡
ȫͨܣ
ǻԪȫҲ֮ľڱʿǴͨЩ޳
Īǡ־飿
ɱ䣬Ȼġ
һϲ㲻ٻ̫ˣͽ޾֮·
ŬṼλᣬҿǰҪңʮһһ㳲ҡ֮ǰͻȻ뵽һԻΣķӣҪһˣѰһ
ҵõǡֶͻ֮Ǹʵң
󣬸о⡮ӡ̫ס
ֶ޼ҲʳɫϧҪæҵǼҷǣֶͻҲҪһʱ䣬ʱ˵ָʵõһֶΪԼȡʱ䣬ʱ亢лǿ󡣡
ˮƹȡǷǳΣ֮أ
ôˣ·ǵȥֻ뾡һڿУԻԪΪ˵Ҳ̫ࡣ
ӵȷһʱ̴š
óһɰʱüɫò
Ǳ½شﲩӵ뽮Χԭʼɭֻ׳ޱߵĸԭ
޼λǱ½һԭʼ֮Уһ´棬ڵ汼۽ɽ
ҹͣˮƹȡ
ʱ֣ɽ羰컡
һٲɽٲ֮µİɽȣˮƹȣ޼ڸһ˶֪յء
ʱƣˮڣټˮƹֻٲĻصΧǰһƬû֪ʲô
޼ڴʱи˵ˮƹһ㣬һġݡ
ɽüܸʿԪͻƾ磬ֶҪͻƻԪ䣬ҪݡҵⱦӶҡһ棬ʱһҶ֣ɱұػʧأһõݣһ˼ֶͻƣΪǿһˣʱ䲻ٶ֡
Ȼ󻩵һŹ֮ɫ
Խұˮ¡羭ḻˣǡ͡¸ҡ侲һ
弸ۣ̤κοԳص㣬ָǿھ֮ϡ
лԪһеԪͲһȥɽȡ
ȥʱϿȵˮƹ·һݵΧҲûʲôޣ滢Ծ¡
͡
벻˳ͬʱһټýֱۻһӣ˲ʲô˿ͻȻ죬һɻʹ

ϸϸ˿Լ٣ڴΧңҳһƷɳҵһְСݡ
Ȼһｵһ޼ͷһиڶͻʧ޷УҲһֱûţѧϰ֪ʶֶʱ䲻һȥ鷳ˣҲУΧ
ɳζû뵽һԼҶһͬ飬ͿĨ˿ϡ
˿ȫ¶ͿϣԷֹһЩ桢ó濿ɽյ֮УǱҪֶΡ
˿ڹȻö˸оʹ滺ѰңһЩӶ˳ռתưҲûҵݡ
ѭˮ򣬻һǰߴһЩͺӥʱʱ¶Ѩ
޼ӵǱ½룬⣬½󲿷ֶΣ֮أˮƹӦзǳҵһСġ
ںӱ˼һȻӲˮ֨֨
ѪôѪ⡭
ҲʮɣΪ԰ʲô
ϰʱϲѪɫѪ⣬ΧѪɫ
Ȼ֮ǰЩͺӥмֻƺѪȶڵѪ⣬ȻͺӥӰ£Ҳ¡
ȡϱŵŻиͺӥһϽԽ
벻ԽԽ࣬оﾭһֲɱѪǹĻġ
Ҳ̶á
һ쳣ӽ
һ㶯Ҫºúñ
㡭ƶ֮У͸һ㣬ݾǰ
˷֣ǼźϽӿٶȣٶҲһһ


8 
ԽһЩϪԼСƬɭ֣ӭźŵ㡣
໣
žž
ԽһƬСӣٲ¡ӦþٲȻҲͻȻɭɭУҰһٲˮ

ǰͻȻǼֻͺӥһͬһʬ壬ԽϷ֮ҡҡλΡ
֮ǰЩ⣬ǹʬ壬Ȼͺӥطʬʳ
ԽԽǹζҲǳˣΧӦһСɽȣϡһЩ
ǡȻ䣬Ͻһʯ¡
ʮһȻǰͷɱײһ£Ҿͳȥҧһͬһ㡣
ǶΧһɵϺΣɽͬһⱦۼ֮ء
ϺǺݲˣһ죬ͻͷԽǲͻۼɹâ
ǳҾޱۻͷһȻڶǰ໥ɱΪẮô
սܳһʱ䣬Ҿ͵ɱʹȥˣΧҲһЩʬ塭
Цţȴȥ
໡
һʱһ໥ɱиһͷ΢׳˶ĵˣһͷҲȫһõؿ챻֫⡣
ৣ
ȻԶʯԾһӰ档
ͷһΡΡðѪݣͬʱҲûʲôදӶԳûа㷢֡
һŻͷվ߽ף˫۸׳ǽơѩɫƤë
ۣ
ѪһĵӰ
ҵĵӲ㡣
羪ף˿̵ǰһͷѪޡ
֮һԴžأ˼£ʬѪһĻҲȻ޼꣬Ҳֻеһй
ת˲˱ϹƺһɫˮأϹ絹Ӱɡ
ҵġ벻˳ܵõݡ
ֵطܶϹⶴڡ
ٿ
֪ձǶϹͬ˿ƣȻϸǶȥ
ӸоʲôסǳƤ޾ţһֻȫǰһƬϹ⡣
ϹλðŤ֯ҪȥĳռƵģ治һ߹ȥ
ϢҲԸ
벻һĵϹⶴ䵽£ɣ֮󣬸պñһԪһЩѪ
䣡
˵ꡭ
澹ˤڵϣָץɳʯ֮Уͬħǿ־壬˫͸ŲģһЩɫۼ鲻ͣ
ҡҪ
˭Ҳ֪ʱʲô
ͻȻץԼӣץһѪۣ·ҪԼʶָ
ץ겱ץȣץĵطŹҲţо񱻿춳ؤ
ϲĴѪƤмǳϵͷ
Ȼܼһ㡭
Ǹֳˡ
գۼһ°׷ӣһͷɸߣһ˫Ѫ۵ĳһˡ߳ڡ
׷ӹʮӣȻͫȴǳֻмڹߣȻڴ沿Ť콫ͷҧϵ档
΢΢һ⡮Ļ󡯣ΪǸˣȴ벻һᣬȴ޵ûԪСӣǱ½СС޵ûԪҲָ־ܿ⵽ڡ
Լʮ
ʱԣѾߵ£κһ붼Ҫ
׷Ҳƺʱ䣬˼Ҫһϣһǳѵѡ
ӡ벻Ǳ½һӡ
ΧһѴͨӦòɣǺĳֻԪֻܳ忪˲أ޷زءأѴͨԺ޵õزءҲȳס
ٿ
׷ͻȻƾһƣץϹⶴڡ
ڿռǳ㣬벻мʬ壬Լüͷһʬ壬ʬ嶼һ֮ͬǼΪʬоѪ
ٿǰȻһһ߸ߵϲݣһ꣬ӡ
ȡ
Ҳ֪ȥá
˯ھ׷˲Զϵ棬ͻȻ˼ֻչӣڲ֮ǰָ
ǡݣ
ڵƵģʼΧǼʬ壬ŵһ԰ףһ꺮ݡ
˲֪һͦԾ
˫ŸأȴͻȻһֺݺڵϡ
ʹצʱע⵽һ˫۾ȻһֱڶԼһ㡢˭
濴˵һۣ֪˲򵥣Ա߻վһͷɸߵĳһƻշ
һܼ
̫ˣоԼҪڹŹһ⡣
׷ӻЩʳ˼̻𣬾ҲԶӲһ£վһͷһҲһֱ
˸о
һһֶڡ


9 Ը
ϢҲо
һĿֳţ⿴Χһ߾ࡢһʬ壬ԽĿԽ䡣
пһ롭ҲΪʬһӡ
ɫ⽻֯Ķڣһ㶯ҲûС
ֽĿǼ꺮ϣһ꺮ݣֵҲǽԪʯɻҸΣԪڶʱָԪһ䡭
ڣԼĪҲ
Ӳ֨ǳһһ㡣
ҲɶΧڶ̶ʱԺʬ塢塢ĸס໭档
˫š
֡ϵ
Ȼ˫͵һţ罡׳ţգ澹ƣһԾԶ
ǻԾİ׷ǰɽʱ漯ȫ״̬£ٽҿ׼Դȥ
ʯ䣬žһԾ
ֻһ֮淢ͻϮѸײڶ֮չаͷ
ҡ
ݺնڶԷͷϣһɿ
һȻֽԭδԷԴƤδ˵ֻ֣оͬնڽʯϣԷԴӲȣҪӲٱ
㣬Ҫлл㡣
Ȼ޷Ӧ𺳵Զʱ֮µİ׷ӵ˵һ䣬Ȼδһ¡
ֻ·Ծģһ仰ѣͼ鶼⡣
㡢˭ǹΪҪллң
ڼʱѸͺˣ׷Ȼûһ䱸š
֮ǰڶ⣬һɱȴʱ̵ֹϣҲڶڽ磬ٱʿҲڼ䵹£ְʱ־ǿ
׷Ȼţ˵Լ޹ص£ŵɥʧֱڶ̶ʱڴľٶɱ֣Ը˹ϣСĺӵгΪӵҵлл㣬벻һͽܡ
Լٶָƣ
׹Ԩ߬Щ˶ɱģһҵ³һұһҪҲΪǿϧɱ㡣
ɱġ벻Է̹Ȼϡ
ҲǺˡ
˵ˣ治ʲôˡ
ʱ׷˲Ż˺󼸲׷оûһ˿󣺡ɱ˰ˣԼǲɱˣɱɱûзֱ𡣡
ҲҪɱңһƤ
֮ǰҪɱ㣬϶ҳ㣬Ҫһĺֻǡ侲˵ӣһ֮ϸˣҲȻҵĵӣҪ뿪Ǳ½
㡢˰Ե
ʵͰԵ쾭壬ʵҪɱңҾԲգ۾ʵʲô˵ģ籾ǴС㣬СϺס
ǲ뿪Ǳ½
Ǿ͵
ҼȲ뿪Ǳ½ҲҪúúõģҲϣƿˣϣָűӣҪȥʲôʲôϣҪ̹̹ǿɱ飬ȻҲͬ뿪Ǳ½͵ɱҰɡ
ۡ
˵һƨ£ٳ
˵֮УʼûκξţҲûаʧ룬Ȼ̧ͷŰ׷ӣĨĨӡ
Ȼûٶ˵һֹ֣Ȼڶ԰׷˵
׷˫ֺȻǰжɫǱ½ʲôãټһ磬̶֥Ҳ㲻ϣҴĴˣǲǣ
䲻һƳﳤм塢ĸף뿪ɱұǣôϻ
ȫ뿪Ǳ½ǿԺٻ
С
ߣΪû㣿
һ
Ҫܣ֮ǰ˵ҲʲôˣҲʿһ׶ûһãҷӶˣԽ˫֡˫ŶˣƳɶˣֿöڣճࡢѪ⣬
ҡ
һ̣Ҳ͸飬Ȼˡ
ֶȻһ᣺ɱɱ԰ɣܶ࣬ɱܲʱʱ̶̿ҡ
㡭
ֵ׷Ӽˣ֮ǰˣ۾ƶϿʲôҪɱɣ㲻˵м塢ĸסˣǾͶˣھͽӡȻ壬潫Щһˡ
ħڳסɱĥ⣬˺Լˡ
ӲвԼˡ
ǰ׷˵Ŀ£ᵽˡ
׷ӻ˵Ȼзӣˣ¾Ͷˣ֮˶Լһ档


10 Ҳ
ҲֲûζҾȥҼˣ㲻ǹħǶħھɱ޷ҵҼڣͲܺҼ˰ɣ
벻ǣ澹ȻѹԼϣüͷһᣬѾʼѪ
ȵȡ
׷ӿô޷Ԥٶ˵ͨû׼£Ҳֹܳ
˫Ŀ飬˸ޱȣ˫۴ȫƿƤ
ɱİˣҵҿƿأ𣿡
׷ͻȻ˦˦䣬صһԱߣ֮£ǿ̸̸˫Ӯ㿴ɺã
ͻȻⶴš
Ȼ治ѡȻѡ֮ҲķδŲӡ
׷֮ǰı˵ֻҪҵӣҾͲ뿪Ǳ½Σ
Ҳ˺Ҽˣ
ҵӣΪλˣ
õش滹ǲģ˵ҲţЩ˶ɱģȫԶţǰѻ˵ҪҲԣȲܺҼˣҲܸ뿪Ǳ½Сɱˣûˡ
䲻ҪɱˣԼȥɱˡãЩ⣬
׷˵ףȴҡͷ
ôһѹ
ͽȻҲģΪʲô˶ҵĵӣ
㻹е㲻š
ǧټҪӣͷӦˣ
˵ҺƵģɱӣŶˡ
һ֮Աǣ˵üɫ֮ʣ֪˵һ룬Ȼüͷһʣһ
̫ˣͻȻ˸Ƶġ
ۡ
ƻʱҪʰô£֪ԷͻȻסؿ˲һѪ
Ѫӿһڣԣǰ¶ںɫ֨֨ðһɹҰϢ
㾪ίʵͻȻ׶Էˣо綾Ҳ뿪ӡ
ʣѪ޷ԼİˣֱԼƤʯɫΪ糾ϰ롣
ư˻ʯΪһƬʧ
žž
ͻȻѪɫָӡһץóһƿԼ¼ѪܵѪ
һʯƤŻһЩ
Ҳ˿㡭˻ж
ˣΪγǱ½ԼУԺ˵
˻ƣ˫ֺʮõĺߵƺУ֮ǰһ
˲ȫšһǵʱʱ
ϣоӴʹϽʮ£׷ûʯǰҲλƣȻûþ˯ˡ
о˯ãһΡ
оʱһ˿ۿΧѨԼ̱ѪȣԺȻϽԾ
׷ڴһĳһѪһûˡ
ΧԼţҲŵԣûԼ˯ţ͵͵ԼǱ½
оӵǿҪ͵͵뿪ҲСһ
ȥЩԣȻץʱһ첻УԪ˲زϻָ
źݾ⸽ζԴͷƺǰ
ˣСɫΣϼһģһ
ʱ
ովޣص棬ͻȻ˳֡
Ӷڽ֯Ϲ⿴ȥӰȻҲΪݶ
õģǴ־׷䲻
һܲԵ޹ʣҪ
ҲɱǣҲΪ໥ɱΪɥڴˣ³зֱ𣿡
ҿӦùϵǳãΪҪ˶ԷôŽһ£ܲϷչǿ󡣡
Ž᣿ǴΣȶ˻Ϊᱦ֣ٶ²Žһģ˾ҵӡ
Ҿ͸ˡ
ƢûģǶԼô۾η֣һߵġ
ಣ
һɰȻ׷Աߣ׷ҲվǳһʲôٶҲûС
Ҿͽжȥ۾úÿֳڻ֣ǶϹ΢΢һΣƺʲôûı䡣
СƺսۼҲһҲ˽ȵǡ
֪״Ƚȥ̽һ̽š
ͻȻ˴Ϲ֮붴ߡ
һڣͼϹ֮µ꺮ݣһ˳һ˻δôຮݣͻȻȥ
ž
߼Ҳģ֪ǰߴʲộȥͻȻһƣ˺󱳡
ᣬᡭ
᣿˵ƽҶռ
ž
Ͷ˭Ҳ˲ɱһ


11 
Σ
һĻ桢׷ǰ׷˵ü
治
ǡ
˹ԾҲһɱ׼ֹһ꺮ݣ̰ضԳȥ
ֱ˰·أ˾ǰΪ꺮ݣڶԷϡ
һ˻һŵõ꺮ݣȴ׷ͻȻһ߳Ŀһץ˲仯Ϊ˸ʬҲ˸ʬ
ݡһһ롣ҲٿǼʬ壬⼸쿴ˣҲľˡ
ȳΪҵݲ㣬ֵͼݣǲҪģҲܰװױ㣬ΪҵĵӲʸС
벻Էһ꺮ݲժ
һ
һˣһҲ䣬߰ɣȥ塣
޷عݱ׷˶һ̣ǰһڣͱ׷һƷ鲽ʧڶߡ
޼ڵ֮ϼɽ
ǰǡ
оƼ
Ȼûϡжǿֻ𺳡
оԼʱҪӸ߿׹´ء
һ̡ƽһڸ߿֮УһշС
׷˲֪ʩչεֶΣǧ׸߿գڷѩ֮Уһʱʹˮƹȸϻϼɽ
һָʱǻƻ裬ͻȻһɽɽ¾ȥͼɽء
ˡ
ȥȥʮ죬ܻŻе㲻ʵһտ˽ֵһʱؼҿĸס
ɼ׷˾ʹͷʣζģʲô¶ţӮˣӮĻ͸һ꺮˵
ûҪΪȼü֮ˮƹȾõݣһʽס
Ӯ˵ʩչ˵ЩʲôƽԻ˵⣬Ҫض

׷˶Ȼһ֣ͻȻϤ
Щ̫ϤЩۡס˶Ҹ߲㣬Ҳ岮
ȻĸﰲͻȻ¶Ӽ
ùãˣģ粻£һ˽ǻߣġ
Ե㶫
¶֪ʲôʱģ֪һ뿪¶ס
һ̫į
ùó˲٣ɵѾͷ㻹ǳӵʱ򡣡ҲڲӦһ䡣
ҳԱˣȿȡ
עﶯ
ͻȻҲԶһۡһ߷֮ǰĹûּټұ뻻쵼ߡ
ҡ壿
׷վѩ֮е棬һ仰һ֡о׷ͼıʲôĸо
𣺡ҲˣǰܼҰܹ⣬ؼ¶ûԹԣΪⷿﻹʣԪʯϴθҪʮһӶ뻺ƱسһΣ޼ߣǣϼɽΪҲƲ
һ֮֮Ͷ𣺡˵˵ĿΪһΪĳһ̫֮ðգ濿һԪܽңЩʱǧɱζԿһΪԪֶټ޼еĲӵܣΪҡ
»
ҲǳϤһӰԺ֡
ҵҪϡ
㲻Ҳзݣͨʵңŵ峤֮λʱֹλ˭˵ˣ
ȥ֮˭˵ʱŶ᣿֧һ֮˭ϵͦˣ
ںȻҶҪǾ͵λǼĿǰǻԪǶǶ֡
ɻףۼ꣬ӭ֮ⲻң뵱꣬ͻȻͽһӤҲ֪⣬Ǹĸʣ֣񳤴ҡ
治ȻͲѪˣȫԡץסԴҪЮλֿԽ潻ȥԻìܣһҲ͸ǽץһʯ񣿡
ǵˣԶԣȴǣ֪ǴﱧҰ֣Ȼʮ꣬ҰҲӦûرң취С
桢ˡ
Һü߲˵Ļһһһ
֨֨
ʮָץģϡжŭţǴ𾴵岮˵ġ
֪治֪ġ
һգŤ
˼ʩչֶΣЩ߲ǰ𣬼Ĭĺܣԭǹ¶


12 
ۣٵˣҲϲ˼˵ǹ¶¶ôʮʤӣҼҾ֪Լˣڱ˵͵ˣ㣬Щһֱػңཫ󣬴δֳΪ峤ҪչҪ񡣡
ˡֵֻӦ
ˣķڷҼȻţпɳ֮ʵӹɵġ
ֻôһʵҲ޷Լˡ
ҲЩҵУָԪһ䣬ЩҪԸҵ֪Ѫ󡣡
żֿ˺ؾ졣
֣
ȴס
һЦղҲЩҪץ㣬вĸףڼǻô죿Ҹҿ϶ǲװ׵һж
ԸУҵûؼҡ
ؼң㿴͸Ƕôʵֺж
Ҫؼ֪ͨĸס
ͷȥ뵽ڿն
ǰһ˸ʧأͷԼɽϣƮѩô¿ɸС
㡭Ƴ׷ˣŭɶɱˡ
ûʵһƨƨ磬ʵܱˡ
׷˵꣬תȥ⴦Ѩһƨ±ߣһ󴵺ӵۣ֪߲ƣһγش
òſʼӡ
Ѩ
׷˯ˣͻȻһӰ
Ӱɭɭ˻֮´δģԴһˡ
ǸҲߣ粻ҪĺԼ־Ҫɳʱ䲻࡭׷ѰĿ򶴿ڡ
˻뿪Ǳ½һʱϻȥԽⶾˣҪ֪һСӣ㵽ʱᶾΪ飬һҲﲻʲôæ
֪
׷̾̾ǺӰصʧȥ
ʱһȥڶڵΧǻѩϷѩ񿿽һɾԶ
Ȼʵָǳˡ
ৣ
֪ͻȻŻ֮е棬һѩء
۹ѾԼݶһαڴȡ
ڴĸŭֹҲһֱ岮Ǿ˶ƣ̸Уͨ峤˺Ҷ
Ȳӷ϶ȥ
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ɽͻȻվ߲Ҳһͬ𣺡ﲻϢһҪλûּ񡣡
䲢δһˣΪ峤֮λҲԣŹҾͰλӸǣݵҶ
һ߲»̯֣Ƚ޼º˵
Сӣȴӿƣҡ»ǵһŮӣͺƭⶫǵʱȲҲ鷳ͱҲĪҲǾ˼Ϳʤңʵѹ˵ɡ
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ۡ
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Ҫȥȴ԰׷סӶһѪߡ
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ʵǰҹܼҾͱ򣬸ʮôܲΪ𣿽֮мһǶɢ޷左ˣ޷ֺô
ͻȻһ߹ȥһԪұӿ
Ҳ֪𣺡ҪʲôȰñ֮¡
ʲôΪѡһŮ˲ͷϣЩ̹ˡֻұ۰ƣһ֮ⶸȻǲΡΡץȥ

䣡
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ӸղŵڶԿ׷Ƶ棬Ҳ֪ȻֶҰ
һͷŭͻֱӳǽ棬ײһʯɳ䣬ǰһ䡣
һͷֳ֣𺳴ˡ
侪
ĺҪ㣬Լȴˣϡ
֮ȴЦȻǷּæͷ

˴߲ʱ
ңһֱ壡

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ҺɼԶײдͣ£Ѫ


13 ʵ
ɱ
˴Ҳ֮ɱ
Ҳ֮أɲǱγۿɼҪңû˵ҪԸסС
ɱɱҰ֣ɱҰ֣ʹ໲ҽУ֪ͷ١
Բβ֧Ŷ䣬־ֵģҶСġ
˶㣬Ͳøǿ
Ұ֣ҶԸ߲Ҫˣ
˴ҲһͬվɱԶ
죿ҪΨһ˲죬֣ܳһжֿԣΪ˶ڣǣϵȷûѪݲ¡
Գ
˴һͬһơ
Ȼӿһһɾ˵ĿºɫԳ𣬲ͬʱ˫ۺݺݵص

޼᲻ݡ
·
ԾԳɱԵ̫Сͬӥ
˫һһ˲һɳһɽ类˫ƣݵسɱԳն¡
أ
˴߲ʩչĺϻ뽣ɱһ
Ȼײ·Ҫ
ͻ
ɫԳ˫ٴһѹ֮ĽȻһ𣬽ŭյ棬ֱӸ
ѪﹾʣԵһ
һ޷˴֡
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ȫ޷ֻ֣ܲĿ˴ֿƾԳһĸ׿
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ͻȻҧ߳һҸƴˡ
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סҲ֪ʲôģҲû˿ŭ֮ǰ;ǣʿɶֹҪ峤֮λɾˣ޳ֶΣֺĸӣڻ֣һᵱһû
ҵѾж޷ʩչԪҲûһǻԪΣҰֶǻԪ춼ҪУҲһŮ˵ҵġ
һҲ飿Ϊ峤䣬ٴʡ
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ôּ񣬵С¼Ψ֮Ҽβ֣ռ޼ȨУҪ峤ʩԳͽ䡣
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͡
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䣡
Գڰ˴޷Ƹоп˲ڰշ飬ը
ɱը󷽰˴ַ׷ɣҲ䡢棬ǵǰƾǰ벽
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ʱˡ
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䣬㡢ûж
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վڴңš
Ϣˣ糣ˣǵ㶾ûã޳ֶԸң벻ˡ
ԪʿġȻ֮⡣
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ĪɱڴǸ߲㣬Ŀǰʧȥߡ
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涸ȻʱٶҲΪˣһڿվҡ
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ݣ
һִԶ
ֻǵһ˿˿Ѫ

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ſڵ໲ҽУһѪԭıǼ⣬һ롣


14 
ϣĸߣ˿һİ˴֡ңҲɱôҲҵ岮ôܶɱ֣ðӦõõ³ܵͷӴڼ˼㣬㻹ҷǡ
ǰ˴Ҳǵսľ
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˸ϽɨһҽƽϢ
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һΡҡͷûûõһˣǺ类˶ߣڻʱģ㻹оʱޣһŬУַҡ

ͻȻס˫֣һУĪǿ̫֮࣬´ͷȻֱҪҲһ£ϣƽƽ֪ȻȥϢﻹøϽѹ⼸ƶæһΪˣ̫أҲøȥס棬򲻵ɱѾһɢɳ໥ɱ
ע⡣
湪Ȼ뿪˴ÿһͬǧ۵
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֮ұػ鷳ʮ޼УҲʮˣʵ֮ұػ֣һ֮ٸҾʱ䣬ұȥС
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ۡ
һİһѪ
һѪ֮ȫ϶ʯ״̬ѳΪһʯˡǴڷʴΪġʯˡ


15 ʦͽ
淴оǸӦ˲ؿռԪ
˲ȬҲıըС
ȥͣȻˣȴţôô㣿
顣
ͻȻأƺʧȥʶ˫ͫѪ
ι
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ԪΪӵڳ˵ĸй١
ӰϡΧоκκܿʱΪʯ˵İѪ
ٿ
ǰһ䣬һɺɫͻȻӰΧǶڰǰܿˣ̹֮Щ

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ɫŭ㺦ġ
Һģôܣܶһë
ǿо綾־綾ΪʯЫǶֻвһɻ֮ǰˮƹˣΪǿ㵱ͽһϤ綾ԪΪˣվ綾ƵزӡѾ綾ûʲô
ɫ֮з·һСкƯУԽŭɶ֮ǰһϻȥ취ƾ綾Ϊ㲻ʱʶ壬³ʶھѽͷȡ¡
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͵سӰ׷ʣβܾʦ
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԰ס޺İˣ漱ȳһ
ѪֱðŰ΢΢ſ죬һεγι
Ѫð˫Ƥ˲󣬶ǱʶƺѪˮغ£Ȼִڵغ˼Ρ
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ˡ
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濴棬ƺֳɰһƬ޼ھԼܣܽı״һ˲ǰ㲻ףòһܸı˵ˣҲֻĵͣʲôҲˣʮ굽һ޳ɣһ޳ɣҪǷһӡ
֪һӰͻȻһϲڰϷԣƤ΢΢仯ˣ
漱æ۾ȻǻҰɫˣѻָ
Ҳڴʱ΢΢ۣЦ벻Сӵҡ
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Ӱ֮ǰСȷ֣֮ǰɱͷӵĳһѪҲ޷ƾ綾ģСӵѪȻѵںĳȻѪӵ֮Ҳ˵ȥκҲһ֮Ѫӵ˾˵ľ
˼һʱ벻ͨ
زӰֵˣͻȻ㵱꿴һԶؼ˵һǡԽߡʱոߴǵѪܽٶ
Խߡ
ȻҡͷʲôԽҲֻ֮˵ֵȡţϵȷܣ벻յһͽ


16 
ʱ䲻ˣȻ綾ѽٸϻȥ֣һ졣
ס
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뿪Ǳ½һ᣺ǶȻ뿪Ŀǰԡ
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飬ˡ
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ڲһķ־򲢲̫ð
顣
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ˡ
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ʩչ޼ķãԪ򽣬ڴ֮ζ
ҲһЩŤڻӿڡ


17 ʵ
أֲַڴԡࡢΧһ
֮Ҳеʿڵ޳ɡ˲ء
˵һŽػ硣
ǻ磬ھһƬ籦ء
ͨķԪֱγһƬɾռ䣬˲ء
˲Уһ塢ˡ
ʿʼҪ޳ڵΧͨҲ׳ʮЩһͨҲͳɾ
㿪ʼ˲أնͨΧʮͬһƬĵռ䡣
֮еĵͨһ䣬ͨ䣬ֱͨʮ޵ӵгԪʸ
ԪҪ˲أֻǱ½ţ˲зţͨεõ˲أ
˲һɣԪڵ
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źԪʧܣܵشָպõõ飬־ԪĪʼʧӴ˲ʵ˲أûԪ
һУƺԣԪһ㣬ûԶͺ˼ˮֿʼ־УۼԪ
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һצͬʿһĽצһžžž顣

󷽰գŲڼ֮мۣգɱĽ֮ǰָγצһǰĳһ
ݣ
ˮͰӡָһԾŽ󷽷ơ
գۼ䣬ӡںһѸײڶ֮ƴ齣һ޷Ӧš
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ͻȻƶһˣʹදҲδֵӰ
ۣ
ӰһԾݺݵشӳһӣһ󾱡


18 ͻƶ
һȻ䣬ɹʱһԴһѪһ˲һԵ棬һѪˡ
ûͷ­ĳһұǰ
֣֪û顭
ʱ
һŵʯ֮ǰһغ̫ǿ֮һȣϡ
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Ҳ֪ǸùͳԵģùûһףһˮ

Ĭһ󣬾¶ȶԻȥ
뼸λ߲Ҳ״ţڴȴš
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19 Ǳ
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ұҲӵ߲ǰҶϣҶôһߣЩˣ׷鷳ֶ鷳ǳҲ⸱³
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ڻǼ塢õĻʮһΡ
塭벻ܿߵһ𡭡ڻᣡʶ˫Ȼšһ黨һ
΢ЦȻȥϢһָܻ
ǡ
߲Ǳ˽ʧڷѩ֮С
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ĸƬ̣뿪
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ԾݶԽһݣһۡߣᳵ·ԺڣƷ˱ʼ䣬һˣͽΡ
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20 
˵汻޼ڸɽʵ޷ﵽԪ䵽¡콻֣ϷǻԪ
оһǾɽһֻһͷɽ֮ǰޣ豲мҼƻźվʹˣһ֮ǰҷͻϮ벻벻ô߲㣬ҡ»Ƕδ뵽ΪǿǱһʮ꺢뵽ˣնҪ㱻ɽϷ͸ö㡭
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ϷͻȻһֻӥצų򣬺˴Ȼץɱȭâ֮ϡ
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Ҳӣʮ̤뻯𾳣ʮͻƶ䣬Ϸͻƶ䣬ˣպϷ򻹴δڻԪɱһԪǿߣ޼֮ϣ֮Ľ壬жٻԪ
صÿ
ΪҪ֣㱻ɽԵʣҶѾͻƻԪ䣬Ϸͻƶ䣬һƬأһСկʵҪҵԭ򣬲һëСӡ
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豵֮ɭɭķ涼ѹϷ
ʱǼԦȭâ˲ϢʧΧɶΪӡԼʮ֮࣬豴Щӡϯ

벻ǻԪ䡭
æˣ濴ɱӡҧŭ𣺡ҲǶ䡭޼ڵ֮⻹֡
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һݾ⡣
Ϊ֮Ϊţûеֶô

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ơȻѪڡ
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׾⬴̣ޱȡ
Ŵ󺹣һЦġ˿סȷԪԴοǻԪһ䡣
ϵ˼ԶһЩѪɫϢ


21 ȭ
ǵȻˣҡΪ˿ףֻͿ綾ʱһʱҪ綾ȫ޷Ԫ
Էò⡣
Ǻ˿סղѾɱҵʩչȻȥ֧Ԯ
һں
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㡢㡢㡭
һȻԽʶ֮⣺ȻҲǻԪ䣬ܣоҪ޷洢ԪΪܴһͻƶ䣿
ҵȷǶΪ豣Ҫˣ
޻أ棬嶯ħҲϧ̫ᣬ첻ʱǿ󣬳ɳһУػᳬԽңɣ֮ҲΪݲ
ٿ
豲֪ץһ
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ȫһжǿ
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ͨ޼ժͳͳΪΪӡ·˫ۡ
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һ롭ƾͷ­ּҡ
Ƿܣ˫棬ок˫֮ͫУ֮ʣͬڷɣһ̤˫־ӭ֦ŲԽ档
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Σһ֮ݱΪһжΪȥ
á
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죬ŲæӸǽԽȥʧѩҹ֮С
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Ǳط䣬ϴ֮󣬸Ͻ£ٴӿ˫ۣѪĽƺѪѪϢ
ɱֻһЩԪˣȻɱʮҲ⡭˿ס
˹ƶţһϸ̺˿档
ѩصı֮˿ֻǷסʩչ޼ժ
Ԫƻȴ͸˿ףţײһԪֻΪһ⡣
˿ȻǷҲӵл֮ĿǰҶԣϱ
պú˿ףһͬʱһ˹綾˫ƱƳ
˹ƶ˫ֻܿһЩϸ΢˿ڣָֻ񣬾һͷ͵ͻ
ҹȻ״ָ̬òҲꤶĲУ˶ԵģҲŵ֪ʱ֮Լ˿ĸ߲žۻᡣ
֮廹δõϢ峤ɱˣһʱϼɽ鷳ˡ
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еʦաɳӣҲɳԽꡣ
޷ܽ⣬Ҳ޷ֻ취壬Ϊһʦ


22 
ӡ
̤Ժֲ

Ժãȴǰñȴ޼ɽкʾһȡ
˶ǳĽˣ֮˲٣ɰ֮УҲֻһ˿ͨ޼ڲ㿼ԣս޼У˾âҫ˷
֮ߡΪͬһˬڻỹвʱУֶͻƻԪ䣬ֳΪ˴ӣЩŴӱ빧ùϵȫһڻᣬӵܶ޷μӱ档
˴ӡ
˫΢΢𼸵ƣû뵽ֶҲΪ˴ӡ
ǰԻԪ޼ڣʱ͸ⱻ˴ӡ
޼ڸոŵĵӣǾŴӣΪԪҲԽ˴ӡ
ŴӼ˴ӱƴӣҰ˴ܵĵԴԶԶԽŴӣ˴ӱֽܱܳ޼ʹ͡Ҳ޼ժǰѧ
һΪ˴ӣôֶң޼Χټ磬ѾԶ֮ǰѡһ޼ڸ֮ؽԽһկ
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
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23 ;޼ڸ
߲ڳǽȴ£ǰȻǰѩƮƮһӰ
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˶ġԤԡǺ治ѡ
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˶ᣬͳСԭפá
ϼɽ޼ڣҲҪ£ȡʮϵ
װعѩɽ֮У˼۶УԪٶȳԱ֮ڱѩҲڲԭɳۡ
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ѰһɽѰһЩԵģûһ˾͸Ϣ
ȥǰЩ˹ΪҲ̤뻯Ԫ䡢䡭ĺѩ֮ԼȻϣһ죬
ڤ֮У沢δ߶ǽԼո̤ʿԪϣ˲Χʮһδγ
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24 ħ
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25 
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ԽǼӿٶȣ·ܸܵ綼ڴ
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ǡ
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һ֮ϣ΢΢͸ưѩһ
ͷԶ߾붼γһƬɵİɫ⡣


26 ֮
·صˮƹȣһμݣǼͷŵγɶôɫ⡣
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27 ٴͻ
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28 ̤ѩ
βǳһһɶġħ
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29 ǿƴ
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ͻȻضĵ֮У߳һԼʮ꣬ậǰնǵ棬Լеӵ棬˵Ǵٲ޼һȻǹġ
ʦ˵ķǳԣ˿ķǣʱԳʦֲڿ˵ٻȴһ͹֣ܿǲ֮ˣ˵Чȡ
Աһ꣬Ҳʮӣĸ⽡һӣҲһȻ
ҵҲͽ档
̤ѩеӶع
塢ܿѵǾΪ޷󣿡
һ䳰֮ͻȻӴϯ
棿
أ̤ѩӷ׷׶𣬾ʮ㡣
˾ͻˣƤӣΪܴģ
ҴûоԪ⼸ԪɢһɶҲ
Ŀˣɲġ
оЩӲ
ڵӾ˾Ĵ⬣Сʯƫš
䣡
ڴʱһһСʯţȴǴʯͻȻһɾƿ
ˣ
˾
ʯ˲俪ֻͥŲ߳·ڿ֮УһȦˡ
һŶٲĿ⣬񣺡ʦ֣ӻص⼸²У֪ǹ⣬ٴУػ۷塣
ǽСܿĿ꣬һţȻָ棺Ū٣
ˣ治ܿʵʦֶɽһС塯еӣҲੲ˵
һΡӾȻ֮ǰһͬų档
ףǻһû䣬ٴ̤ѩǵķͷ
氵һЦ˻˵Ȼ塢ܿɻҲа취ģŹ涨ͨ˾ǱڵӣǲʵҼȻԡô塢ܿǿǰҹУǲŪ١

ܿ˳δʾ⣬ŭȥ
ڳ彣
ܿŲ磬ͻȻ˫һϣƺγɾȻȼգ˫ֽһ
ΧһƬ˳ߴʮ档
ܿԭڳ彣
̫Եݲ淴Ӧ
淴ִ֮һȻܿһӡҲڳ彣
˵ʱʱ졣
ΧҲ˳ʮɾ˵Ľ˳

ٵӷ
žžž
˳桢ܿɱһԶʱײһ𣬵ǽײ
ǿơ£˭û˺һ
ܡ
̤ѩеӣˣһľͷŲֻкҴСӣֱ𺳵ػȥ


30 ػ޼
֮ǰǸʵӻԪһ併䡭
˶Ϊǲ棬һɽĵӣʵ
壬ԽԽ
ͻͻ
ܿʩչɿƽƣ顣
ȴӿ֮ҲΪͬƣҲͬӢ˭Ҳһ
ˡ

ȻһӰԾ
৵س룬ֱ˲ɱ֮УƾȻδ˵ư֣ƬƸоʧȥƣ˲ʧ
ʦ֣
žžֹܿ
壬̤ѩնϲػնԼնѰҡ
ɫ˵֮ܿ˵֡
żд֮ʧ
Ҳ˸˶ݣȴһᡣ
ֹϲղ¸壬ν֪߲ϣִд
̤ѩȥΨһ档
塣
ÿ죬֮ǰܿһˣǰΨΨŵŵҿûˡ
ڴͻȻѰ˵ʵ滹δϵоǰ֮ǸʮСˡ
滰һת֣֪Щֵܣ̤ѩͨɻã
áõĺܣ仰ЦƤЦ
棡
ȻһݺŮԶ
תͼһ³Ů桢£̤һѩķɽӺ󷽰ռ۶
ŮȫƤںhʦá
৵أѩ׷ɽʧŮģںڶɾĴ۾ȫ壬׷Ͷ棬Щ˼ҧ㴽
֣پۡԸоԼǶˣ֪Ȥȥ
ȴ˲΢΢񣬰аǰһh˼ҵʦã塢ܿӶаĽߵ̫Ȼǰһ֪ˡ
Ȼh˼
ն̤ѩ֮أhгɫòҲǳ֣֮еõ࿴
hǰһЩ޼̫ˣÿÿ㣬Ҿţһٴ
лʦùⱲӾ磬ȻҪģʦȻذɣһҪȴơ
ţȻննը˹һŴӣ˭֪пܳΪĵӡ
Ůhȥƺ֪ʲôӣĬĬӦѡȥ
û
ŮӺϣ֣ʦһ֮еһˣϲְɣϲǡֻ͡
ͣ
ʦþһ仨ǧеһ仨ʤһУݲȥƻֻ͡
ʦֻкøУֻ֮ˣʵػһ۷壬鷳ϡ
ͻ䣬Ҳͻ䣬ղ潻ֲ֣δʩչʵߣһ֣ΣֻҪһὫ׿Խʣδòʦõ࿴
棬ʮΪ˴ӣ̤ѩˣ𣬵Űɡ
Զּ䡣
ӰԶԶ
Ϊܿ壬ƺйͬˣһۣһЩʧ塣
һʱ
µõƵ棬û֮ǰ˷ܡ⣬ּߡ
ƹ壬ǰǸɽ塣
һɽ廹ҪһЩһƬƺѩ᲻ϸǾɽ
̤ѩ塣
޼һеǸŵļӣǾŴӣҲмٵİ˴ӡ
ֹȥһʱ̤ѩɽţɽ;мһЩʯݡɽҲһЩӣ̤ѩ¶֮ͨأŴӲžסɽ͡ɽ
ĿЩɽ壬в¥󡢹ϧɲ˾Ŵӣǲɽġ
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ػ壬ƽ;һЩӣ統۸ͣ
ɽһȺ˵׳ۡΰֻԴݣȺ¡ɽǼ͸žľ޶Ǿն֮ء
ʦ֡
йŵ빬Ⱥǰ㳡һ̣һݡ֮꣬˫ֱһ
һֲ飬ֶбǻ룬ֵܿӲһ
ѭȥмӿ첽棺ӣõ跨ɽ⼸£ͻˡ
ӿӭ泯ȥһֱΪڻᾡУǰʱųõһ֮벻ͻݣǻԪ䣡


31 ѧ
䡭޵ûԪ䣬նŴӵһˣҲ˴˰ɣ
мĽ
һڶˣһǡ١ǻԪ䣬Ҳ˳˴ӣ
ն֮ӣ˳ɾ͡
ʱҲʹ˴ס
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ͼһ֮ǰأȻޱ飬һһߣ˸оǴüĿ˫Ŀ̫䡣
棡
ֹ֮׵֮ǰɽҲǰ˴ӣҪһͷʼȻ˲ף
ͬ⣺ܻն㡣
ָ˴ӣ˭˵ˣüͻ棬΢Ц޼ڣǱյ㣬Ϊ֤Ϸû㣬Ŭʵȡ˴ӣ˶޻˵˴ûˣջصԴҲܻ㡣
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һʮ˾ڸ֣Ҳ˴ǰ⾭ͷмЦ
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ЩʯͷֻСȴͷŶĿ⡣
ʯȻɣŴӶ޷ӵֱʯ֮͸Ŵʿܴ벻Լá
ٽڲܿٷĶߣն֮أҲƽʱϢá
ѡһߣ߶ƣ벻߾ͳһ⽫ڸǣҲ˵ӽ쿪ʼС
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һлɳһħȻɣϲ֮ǰֵĻӡɵħ飬ȻҲһӡ
֮ٺ٣Ҵִ˵֮еȻ飬ҿɲɣ֮˵
޼ʺϣʦǰµĹӦöá
һݻ־ԦȫԪΪԪ˲ΧʮԽԽ׳˶
Ȼ䣬ӻóһ


32 
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벻΢΢־ӰӰҲȻȫϳɢʣô׳ʵδӡ߶͸ס
Ԫʱ򣬾ȻҲǻΪƶСĻӰӰ
ȫı仯̫ԡ
ˡ
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˿̣пֻ棬Ǽġˡξǰߡ
ˡ
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Դκģһ˲ӰͬҪӽɽ
һԪӿһڡ
˶Ȼ飬Ϊ֣ЩҲĿӡʱӿԺԶӡʶ֮С

þ֮ŻЩȻԺһƪķΪӦǰķ
ֻ΢΢ͷͱ޼Ѱķǿ򱶣ЩĶ޷ȥ
ںһˡ
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ķҲ޷ӳԪ
𹦣ǿϵ޼Ҳδ޵һ𹦣ɳҲԵˣ޵֮һûΪɰ
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־Ϊģڹûһʱ˽⣬ķС
нŸоꤣ뿪鶴֮󣬱ȥȡʳеԼֵܣ뿪峯ɽŸȥ
ʱ֮λɽ֮һƬĹȻȲնҲֻЩԶ
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ԽһͨɽȣɽŸֲݣʯһЩֲӲɹ̫һյС
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ռ壿
ȷǴ塣
ٵȷնƵǵһӣƽֻ֪ӵܣзݾסΪǨֶӻ˭ģ


33 ڷ
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ˣֻӵܰźãúöԴҼһʰһΣҿɲռ塣
ģ㵱ԼǹƨǧţӱӽѳƤϴѪˮ裡
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ȴֻһջһɿһӰӰͷһϷײһ
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ˢӣүүǶ䡭ʿһڶһξȻ֮ǰ޴ıӰˮͰִ¡¡
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ͻȻӰһֻ¡һըֻһȭͽӰ飬Ѹײڶ֮ƣԾʿǰ˳һ¸ʿڵ໲ҽС
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Χһܸҵӣ֮뿪Ƭɽȡ
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һ㶣˫иȥȻԣʦֲŻҪһʱ䣿Ҳʦִк
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Ȼǳ𣬴ɽؾֵָУȻҲ˽һӸԡ


34 ɽ
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ǰǱնһ޼оŴ֮У㶼Ǳģ볤ʦοܻУκжҪӵģκη涼֮ϡ
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ȥ
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صڣԺͻȻһ磺ǰ泤ȥɽһǵһμĺѩСǴһżһɷ⣬͸ϧʱֻһ䣬ޱǱ뺮֮һ࣬˵б
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ӥ޼йأֹǲãԸһͷ̫ѣѾϲȺӣһͷ͵˳ɰǧʱӥ֣γչơ
ҲԵġ


35 Ҳ۸
ѪɳλɽԵиΣ֮أ滨ȥһʱ䣬˵ڶһȽϴϿ֮С
мʯ࿪ģһСϪǳΡ
СϪԣһɴʯ̾ϢӣҲĺѩ
ʯ£컹δһһ濴СϪľͷһ
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Ժ޷ֱ֮óͼԱһ뿪ϿȣѪɳԵǰ
ԵشһƬƬɭ֣ʱʱһͬһƬѪɫӰǴأҪɡ
ﵹǳӣǳʱеĻ΢΢һЩ⡣
䲻Ҳ֮飬պöˣŴһժһͨ죬ʮֽۡ
ણ
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¶ӰӼ棬Ұ֨֨ǿһһɫĹˡ
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ʱҶƶ˫۾ҲԽһһëԲȳ֣һЦǺǵģëҲһ߳վϡ
ΪʲôϲɫӡЦ
һֻͨ΢΢һЩһھëĺӡ
ӲͬǣЦСֺǺǵģץסһӣ֨ѽ֨ѽ˽ȥ
˳µڶӣȻ˺ںϣһָĿڵժĹӣָƺ˵ǹҵġ
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һʯͷ㳯Ǻӹȥ죬ݵԲˡ
Ӳˣһ£˿ЦǱ½һֳޣȻҲйԣɱȲϳһӥֹ
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Ц֮лһЩͷܴһ׳ܵĴӣǿɲǺӣӵԵҰԳЩҰԳĿģǻ
ԳҲһޣһһ
ˣһƬȺʮͷǰһëľԳһ

ΧͻȻԾӰӣЦҲ߳߳ͷİԳǺ
֨ѽ
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ݲԾͷЦͳԼɲǷˣ벻ΧиЦﶼ˹һʯ
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Ҳɱǡ
žžž
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ЦȻ࣬ɱϾޣٶٿ죬ҲлԪ档
֨֨
һͷͷЦ﷢ҽС
ˡˡ¡
벻ʮӰͻȻ档
ǰԳ
һͷƲ򵥣ͷҲߣȻЦ´ȺͻȻɢȥ
ԳʮͷԳͿǧ
һȺҰޣСүûǣҿɲӡ֪һսŭһȡ
ͷԳû˵ָֻԱͷһͷԳԭͷԳֱֻ۶ûˣƺڸ棬ֱΪ

аԳͬʱŭɷ֮ӿһͷͷǱܳһԾһͷײ
ô࡭ҿɲ
־
ɲӦ֮ӡһԪȻΧᣬΪһɶߵĳһ
飡
žžž
һԳǧ֮üײڱĻϣֱǾޱлơ
Ⱥ֮£ֶҰޣһһʱ빥
벻߶־ĳһƣ˼̣סʮͷԳ


36 
Ǻǣ벻ɳһ飬ȻΪƣڻԪֻά⣬ӲҲֻܿסǧ﹥ҵĻƾȻܿסǧ﹥
Ȼδ飬ڲȴһδڲƵĵЦΪĳһֻһѰ󣬵벻˰ԵһҪʮһһʩչһƣͨûƻ⡣
´½һϲ
žžž
һͷͷԳƷצӡƶ뽫Դһأ治ϽӡעԪڻ֮УһĻƾǿнԳ赲֮⣬δܵƻ
ҿɲװԪ޷߶
˵ͻǰ֮ӽ֮ҵĹʽҪϻֲһһ𣬰޳
֨
֮е棬ȻʱûΣգֶܼã
ҧ͵ؽӡٴ̤ţ˫ۿʼչĳһҲʼӶۡ
䣡
ʱ˿̣˫γɽ״̬ʮͷԳо桮ơڰκӡ
ͻȻˡȻ˫ץͷԳԴ͵һײͷԳʱκҲϵرתһȭǴ
ˡͬʦһȭȭѸͶ׼ԳΧͬʱһȭһȭðԳͷת򣬾ֱӾޱ۶ԾޱۣԳҲ·硣
Ϊʱ߶ˣѲǡޡǡ
һɲͨɣԪӡɣͨʮҲʵ
ʱ֡ˡ״̬֮ͻսȫѹưԳΧһδι
໣
ͻȻһҽУƬ֡

ԳˣЦҲܿ첻Ӱӡ
ܿΧտյʣɸߵĻ档
ʹ죬ֻ֮һԪû뵽飬Ҵһ츳һĻսֻ״̬֮У滹һԼǰ֮Ĵǻ
ȴһ󣬳ײֹͣһȻȥ漱æһЩƬӡ
ʵǺȺģ֪˼ҵ̣ɥ
һʱ֮;˲ٹӣһϿǰϿһ溮
Ȼ֮еϿȡ
Ͽڲɣʮֳʪ˺׵ĵѣڲˮγһЩڻ
һЩ֮ǰЦԼʱʱߴߴ֡
ϤĳһӥϿڲԽԽһĵ磬ȻҪϢͱ޷֡
һӥȺشһʧԼԼ֡
ڻԽԽ࣬ʱ滹ҶƳСۣӺʹ
һЩ꺢Ӵʳ㣬ʱʱΧݣ㼹һ
ЩСγɱһЩͺӥվ俪ıԣι䲻ⷢץ˶
޸ָȴԼĵ̡
ǰˡ
ǰͼգܼĶҶֻ֣ǰһ澵ӵĴĿƷ
ˣ
ʱǰȻһˡ
һЩӰʲôˮ벻ȻǼӰƺһĶںдʲô
ѵҲ˷б
¶֮ϸϸһȷһȺʿڴ̣һЩڰѲߡϢؼЩ˿ɲԪԪ̶
ʿԪɢ޷նԪȻʱ뿪壬Ȼ֮б֡
Ԫͨʮ޵˲أ˲Ҳǿ䣬ӵԪʼҲֻɢһɣҲ޷ʱ뿪壬ὣ뿪֮⣬ԪʿѾƿأ
ʴЩһͲǺǵĶ󣬾ǳԽԪĴڣҲ޼ڵˡ
ŽһֻҪҲŪҲ׷ңδᶳɺȻԪ޷Ǳ룬ЩʿԽԪҲˮȻԭġ
üͷ°֮ͣЦݣֻǱһԵ̬Ԫʿ޷ˮ֮ǰҴ߶־ƻΪƣ쳣̣ܿסԳ֪ƿɲԱҽˮ磬úˮ޷͸ƣӰҵ
ԽҷԶǷֱ֣ԼʮԿ԰ʲôϺںγֻҪһ룬Էĳˮ


37 ˮ±ʯ
ֱȷȫҶ֮нӡԪڴ߶͸ƤܿγһɵġӰ
ԭδ߶һǵħ̬
֮ǷԥȻʧ幭֮桯Ƶģһ㿿ˮ档
һˮƣǵͷȽˮ£۾ˮܲ͸ơ
˼ϣħƹȻ̣סˮ͸˵ֻҪܱ֡߶ħͿԽˮ硣
ֻһ£һ㣬ˡȫûˮ档
֨֨
֮¡
ħֿܵˮ͸ϾУһȻεĺ޷ƣѹȶӰδ飬滹Ƕش
ԭԪϴӰӡӳ֣ӰƵģȽ󷨣ұ˶濴Ҿһħ
ģֲ״̬ʮ֮¡
ǡȻɫˮ֮УЩˮԿϻ
ȻװЩǿڴʲôˡ
ԪΪЩˮϻ
˿Ц绨ôãԵõϻ΢΢һЩһߴСγɴѹѹˮֵĹȺϢˮΧ
һǵﲻĹʱЩǿΪβˮˡ
ֻź»֮ǰɻΪôˮ»йߣԭһЩͨȺǺ˳Ҳˡͬࡣ
ɲģԼʮɣаδףҲ֪ж
ӾˣֵزԪĹ룬ټȥ޷صϡ
벻ǡһԼԼɫҫǰˮͻȻ͸
оˮһ̣һ޴ɫ޻ǡ
ӿٶȣʼιȥһЩʧһЩǼԽԽʵˮһž˵ľ
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ǰһЩʱͫԽŴһˮ˵Ҳһˮ٣֦Ҷʢ֮ǵʯʯϷ·һ鱦ʯ΢΢͸⡣
ʯǱﰡ
ǰһǵСɽʯϣȻһʯͷ΢΢ͷ⣬Χûʲôˮ֣ӿٶСɽϷϸһɫʯǶʯ֮ڣһɺ֮͸˿˿ů
ž
óһѶ̵ɲһı޼ڳΪŴӣܷ䵽ɵıԷ˶Ծࡣ
ȻһȥߴʯпһУպȽһСٴпһźҴСʮԲɫʯС
һ⾧ʯͨӵʵġ쾧γɺܶ꣬˵ġ
ǱȻ֪ʲôǴʯʯ취ΪĲϣκηҪʯʴɫʯаﲻæҲóȥܳˮ磬ȻǴ
޼ԴѷһŴ䱦ˡ
ЦеؽɫʯպãȻڻУһʱ䲻ôˡ
ǴĲͬҲǽһɻȱ

Ͻˮȥ˲ڵԪѾֻʣ֮һ
ڵħίʵˮٶȾˣԼһ㣬ϰ
ˣøϽҸطлָԪ
Ҷ֣һѰһȻѨ
붴Ѩȴо޹壬ʲôʱһͷǿϢϧڴˡ
Ҳ𣬺Ȼϻɫʯ½ָҲʮΪԪ˲ء
ǵùˣûõáʦ֡о綾׹Ƭ֮С
պ
ڶѨе棬ȻֹͣУŶ飬͸ҰݹƬ̣Ӱҷ
޼ʿֻа׾룬ϸһƣЩʿɲ޼ڵˡ
ȥô𽻴ǽ齣ʦ֣齣ҲˣҲˣǻȥӲ˸ϵ
һ䣬Ϊʧ䡣
Ӧŵˣ֪һġ
ȴһЩ˽Զȥ
պýӡ֮ʣͻȻվҴҴЩķٸȥ
齣ٺ٣ǿһ˻ҿɲܷŹһյ޽֣ԷԵõ
֮Уз·ǽӰڸ
ԭⷬżҪõЩ˿е齣
ٶȷִһƬɭ֣ͻȻһɷͬѰϢѰҰݶŶԣƤᴫʹ
ǸʦӦþƬɭĳطЩΪǻԪǸΪĴڣΣȻӵжٿ綾УҵСġ
˼Щӳ


38 齣
벻ƬԽ룬Խǲ߼ʣҸоƿʼ仯ǳ¿ʼ졣
һЩҲ¶ɵٴźԵĶҺǴ٣һֱ۴ִ󣬼ӵо綾鷳ˡ
սۼ
һұնγɵĿյأһЩѪ
ֳһЩ档
ղǲ˺ܵùӦӥȺٌӥʬҲɢΧƲٻǱġ
вٷ֣˺ͼʮͷӥʬ塣
ӥδγ飬֮࣬Ԫ޷мܡ
һСŴǰţԪΪз棬ֻǳֻʩչһЩͨ书
޷ӵԪģԪΪԴֻӵԪͷ㾳Ըӥ˵Ρ
о޴֣һЩž綾
κζΧЩӥʬ壬Ƚ֮ǰǴ٣ڶһЩ
֨֨
ѰǸʦ֡ȴһ㶯漱æЌӥΧ֡
ԼԼ䣬ǶǴ֣ʲôҲûУһΧ
ȡ
һĺ
ƺǴϷſڵС̧ͷʱϷ־ʢһޱȵĻ컨䣬ɿ⡣
ڻ֮УһЩһʿһЩҲ˺ƤͬǧУһ뻨֮С
סʿƾǡʦ֡ϧ϶ڸãʣһ
ԽԽΣգִٹɳȥҲӵԡ滺վΧæҲȥ
һѴһץʲôţԭһһ߳ɫ
׽һЩɫƽ֯Ȼһӡڽϣһɺͷţڽơ֣͸⡣
ˮ񽣣齣ǵȫѹ򰡣
һڱƷʿԣͬڶ
޼й涨ԪǾŴǲӵзģʷǳɫĵӣʹͷ㷨ҲֻΪͼġ
նžӣõķɽʵõķ޼ʦǳϡ١
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ڵΪ˴ӣʦȻһѰСйо飬ں齣Ҳ⡭
һ˿ûܡ
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һЩѪɫҺ壬ʱʱΧ£ֻͬ꣬ѪɫҺ֮ͬҽʴðƺ̡
δоʲôɵȸΧʱȻΧҲʮִ̱ǣоЩγģϸʴһȭͷСĿӶͻȻʶΣڽ
ͣ
ѰҺӺζһѪɫҺͻȻҼ磬˲緭ͣҼðһ̣·ʱãƤҲˮݣʼ䣬ʹ̧ͷ
Ӷǲţ֪ʲôʱϷɶѪɫ䣬һչһѪɫǣѽסӻٻѪһĴ֣ͷðһεѪɫҺ塣
˺󼸲Ҳǻ꣬һںȫ벻ȫ˼άһôʱ佫ԼסʱΪλ³
ãҵұۡۡ
ҺϣϰƤѾã˵ʲôѪ⻯ΪϺɫʼã಻졣
綾
彥ľҲ
˿̵棬һʮ꣬ӦȻЩȴŻٴֻڰգϾ綾ԼϵѪɫҺ壬ó齣Ѫһεڽϡ
ִ߶ʼС
С֮ǰɫƲֻ͸žӨ֮ɫһЩŴСҲʼ󣬴һ߳Ϊߣһ졣
ǰǰ˴ںϹ齣й飬λ״̬ں齣
һʱ֮
СΪ߳ϰҲȫãƤ
һԾ𣬵˫ֿչطһоҲûˣҲоʹࡣ
Ƕ綾ȫʼʹ綾ͬҩʧȥ֪оʹ࣬Ҳ޷
ѪһĴ֣ΧƮͱ棬̼䶼ϡ
һ˼롣
㡭⡭
Ϊ˵ҲܣǿԿ壬Դ߶齣ڸҵǣ綾ѾȫʶģоҲӲϣҲӿ츯ãʱ̻ᷢѪ


39 Ѫ
ֽסڿճϷٶȥģǸʦ˫ȶһ֣ҲѾû˺
ͣ
ۿҪģűٳԵһ̣ͻȻһ˿оȻ˫ͫоȫйʼϯȫƤʼðһȼհѪ
ŪԼ֪£һ˲䣬ͷŻָѰϰ񭡢üⶼΪѪɫ
ô£ʵŪףԼһϼƯڰգʱӡԪڱ
ݣ
֮ǰںڵϵ齣ȻɫߣԽնǰ
ٿٿٿ
齣ӡӦԪ֮طŰմΧһն¡
һն͵飬ֱնϡ
飡
˳أǿ建ԪʱΪͻұһӣ齣صС
綾͸ˣȻָϽܶ
ɻ棬һЩҺͻϣҲ޷͸ơ
ƺоʲôס˷Ļ΢΢ȴڴʱֻٿٿһ̤һɶ೤Ľƣ齣չ
ͣ
齣齣滯ԪΪһһͲ㽫նء
һִ֣߶޼ڽϣ齣˲䣬ʮҲ˷ɱȥ
ʱǶҺɣʱҺڻϣ벻ɾˡˮԶԿԳĻƣȻҲ޷мܾ綾Һһδθʴ
淴飬򽸽еֶΣȻԵ̫СԪҲмܸƣ֮ʵǿ󣬻ҲԺҵר
֮ʣ齣ֺһڽһЩ飬ϷЩٴּҲҪ淢ơ
⺦˶˾綾ˣ㻹ʲôͽγ۸Сүͷˣ
뷨ͻȻı䣬ǰһ̻ܣڷֶʽܼ򵥣ҪǶҺξǴ֣ȫʿʩչ
֮ɲỢƶԸ綾ͻȻһᣬӡ֮һƬ˵سϷɱȥ
ֳ齣ӿ칥ٶȣʱһ𡮰̫֮ˣƶԿ綾޿֣һʼвһһ˵Ļ꣬ϡﻩһͨɡ
ƶ齣ն飬Ҳɲ׷ŹȻԶ
䣡
֪ʲôʱһѪʬ֮ء
ƶһӦ֮ǰǸʿ
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ȡһһöǶɫʯĺɫָ
ͬһ汦űʯָΪǴ䣬ʿŻӵеĴ﷨ڲһɶռ䣬ܽٶŽȥ޼Ҳֻг𡢳ʦʸ䡣
ö
ԭ齣ɽĸֲ֣óžд䡢齣
ַƣں濴齣ɽɫġ
Ǳ½֮һ޼ھС齣ɽǴ
ĶҲˣһСү
һŭ߶齣Ϸ䣬ҲûŹ

ڰʱ֮󣬻ΪѪɫ棬ˣ¶ҺȻӷӿʿմһ
۵òᣬջҲǾ˵ġ
ֻ״̬޾綾յϣɿȻ֣齣뻳УϽ뿪
뿪֡
ҵһ֣غ֮Ȳ鿴ơ
˭֪綾ʴϰȻָ߰˰ˣȫҲоκж
ͷдһʺţΪж֮󣬷⻯û˿Һʲôԭҽⶾ
Ϊ˾綾ʲôû׾ͺˡ
Ҽǵõʱʦо綾ҪѪھ綾ұѪʦ̷ʦ
о綾ҲֻлһͣѵҵѪӵȻ
˿һ˿ͷЩɡ
ʱ׿ͷִӻóСһ߶೤ͬһ֮ǰն顣
һöɫָĳ֣æһѪȻעԪ󲿷ַþѪѣںϣ壬ҪͨķȥѣںҲҪ
ȴһᣬָͽԪһա
ָƽ֮󣬽ָƯţ֮ǰͬǽָǿ̶Сʯһ档


40 һ
δ޵񣬳忪أſʶ壬͸֮УҪƴڲ壬ֻԪԪ봢ռ䣬ڲ塣
ãһԪʼ͸ɫӡ
ҲԪ룬Ԫһڲռ䣬ͬһںС䣬ģһӦڲЩҲࡣ

˫üһʣĿⶼڽָϡ
ˣ
ɫͻȻͷŰ׹⣬ȻһЩӰͻȻзɳ뱻ͷŵ
ôҩģкüıԹԵģȻʮűʯԼžʯ
鵤һʮ鵤̫ˣƷʲǻԪӦǳԽԪ֮ϣﵽƷʵĸ߼鵤
ƷҲ࣬Ҳʮ֡
ľǼȻϲĻžʯԼʮ鵤
֮ǻԪԪ֮Ͼ
Ԫӵ˲أ̶˲أ֮޵õزأһǿࡢ飬ڸıʡ
ڷ翴ģֻŲΪĸ֡
Ϊ˴ӣһ鵤鵤ҲֻǻԪһƷʣʮšٺ٣ηˣһ鵤òʿıԪ
ʿ磬ҩʿƳģԪӦоŴȼ鵤ʿŻʸƷʵ鵤
ʮ鵤ж
ͣҩţ齣ɽǸʿϧһʿ齣ɽӦǰ˴ӡ
ֿƴ䣬󲿷ƷУ齣ɫʯҲʱ봢ռ䡣
ʣһžʯԼһ鵤
ʯʿӵ˱鵤Ӧÿͻ䣬̤뻯Ԫ䡣
֮߶־΢΢ΧͷţΪӰӰζΧӿֲ
һڽ鵤˫֮䣬˫ֺʮʯѹģ鵤һ˿˿ҩϢ壬ľʯҲһ˿˿ֱӻ˫ġ
һ죡
죡
˵첻òѰʳԪȻҲʳ֮иҪԶ޵õزأҲҪԶԶһʮҡ
޵񣬿һ²ԶǸ磬΢΢ʳ塣
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ΧһֱƼŲϢ׷ױ¸֮У鵤ʯĻӰӰٶԽԽ졣
º
žž
һͱըԱ֮Ƴ塣
֮棬ﶯƤѪƺѪ
ʹ£ȻӡԪʼʮһԪӿز֮С
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˫һ֣ϽԶҲǻԪΪȥþʯ鵤еĻڻһ죬ҲǻԪΪҪΪԪһˣٴνͬڵѹȥ
ʯ鵤̤䣬Ҳֻɫ΢΢Щ仯֮ǰ棬ɫˣо˲
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ΪʿûԴԼУٶȶĵţһ
ӵԴ棬ٶȾˣԴԼбʿΪǿԭ
죬о֮ͼԼ֮صѪɳ渽ɽ

һشУԼ󣬾ӰԭǾӴѰ档
Ǽ𣬳˾ӣ˶Щ⡣
ֵңҲ׷״ӲͬٴξۼѰһºջ
õԭУӴ˼Ѱ
ǰЩʱܿ˵Ǵ塯кЩΡֻǲץ
ǾȥѰΣλƶǲõ֣ȴܱȥЩİѰǿٱ
ԼȺɽ֮УһڵĴɽǰһۡ
ӽҶѰΣҲط޼ڵ֮ǰõΣؼ⸽û˵жĹû
õǰſɽΧɽȣ˷֣һʱһ˲֪ãϮͷ
ԻҧֿжҲԭʼɭ֣죬ȫա
д̦Լֲд˸ߵĢֲһƬһƬھ֮γߵĢ֡
һ£ҵһȻԽԽãǰ񡭡
һ죬ʲôҲûֻ֣ЩԵĲ


41 
״̬ͻƻԪ󣬸йҲһЩڿӵ齣ɫϸӿٶ
һʱ䶼ûʲô֣ôҵģЩʿûҪͻƾίʵס
һЩֻ֣һïʢֲΧߴߴ
СʱŴ˽ɽԣһ˫
Զһ󣬵ǷȥʱּžƬֲȻЩطڴԭһ֧߸ߵɫֲڵƶ
Ρ
ϲȥʱ򣬺Ȼκжһһɫγ֣ǰμڵƶͬٶȣиֲأһ䣬ξʧӰ١
ں׷ȥһҲżо˵ԣʱƶһҪؼҡҸȫطϢ˿̰·ûжգҾ͵ǲʱٳ֡
˼ʮɺ󷽣β档
ɫ۾ʲôʿˣϸ΢Сǰš
ԼʱһɽȳǰβݽɽȣɽȲ󣬶Χʯоǽ

׼ɽһ̣ԱͻȻһ󶯾
תӰҲ
Ƚ̤Ұݼ棬ҶǸԷһɽȣ㷢˼Σ
ҷ꣡ʵ͹򾲰ˡ
ô˵ȻȺˣɽ治вΣ˵һꡮ
붯һϲȺӣȻһ굱
Ҳ׷
˴˿ɽΪζڴ˾һ
ȻĹǣ齣Ϊġ
δóȻɽȣҾһᣬ뷨˲ζɽڣ˲νƻٶֿ죬أǿԷֳ飬Ǿأ
һҲϽͣӡǾΣһ飬Ƕһ顣
棺أ
ǿɲһ飬һΪֻϺȣӣ㿴ǿûΣΪǵò
ϡ롭ҲмΪ顣
Ǿͺá
ΪΣӵ漸ֳһԪһûʸж
Щ뷨ܲף
һ˻㣺Ȼ˵ϣ棬ǰոʱڳǰ䣬㼸нҴú޻֮ɼǵãû˰ˮ㲻ˡ
ϻץȡҪһһ䣬û
ȴɾڲݴԣһδ֨
ϡһӲʾ棬Ҳȥ
ɽȿɼïʢԼӲݣӲݶһߣֻҪץ治ס
ʱԽҹоᶳҶʼӣֲܴ߶Ԫ壬¾Ⱥ
ŵ𣿲㣡
˫ʮɣɽȲΧ𽥱ָǡ
֮ľӣ˲ϢСĵһ
ɵáÿƺɤۡ
Ȼһ㿪ʼں֮вǰҰ֮УһüһĴԼԼ߷Χڡ
Ǵһɫ䣬ҷʱʱӻһεξӨҺ塣
ЩҺ岻⣬ͬС꣬εδ֮
ЩɫҺΧȻһڻζɫΣо˯һۼһ
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ȻȺ
֪ʲôʱ汻ǰһĻͬʱݴԺ󷽡
Ҫ˵ʲôʱԱͻȻ
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ӲȻŭֱײץΣһһӣ
õεģû˼ΪǿӣҴӺ󷽶סȥ·
ҲֻˣץǶ١
ףһɹʶһԾ̤źһɴҲִ
ϡѳ뼦ڴƬյأͷͻͻسȥξжݵ󲿷˲£ʣ¼θϽΧƶٶҲ
䣬桢ڴ󷽣üһΣ
֣
˴ͬȹڿմһԾ˳
һ˵شӾӻ֣ԭóһֻ˫ֱס齣
Ӱϣ֮Ӷʦ֣齣ξ޷ڿƶʦץסΡ
žͣ
Ʒ֮󣬾ӲŻԪΪδأ齣ԪںϣǿƳһ£ִ͵ۡ


42 
жгһ˫һ齣֮¡һ𣬾Ȼɶྪ˵һ棬룬ϰա
ৣ
ɶһڿն汾ΣʼӴܣִΧ
飬߰Ρ
ˡ
ݣ
˿̡
׼ʱ棬ͻɱ׼ڿնĴ·ʱպҪأЩڱԵȴأȻǿԶݵ롣
𣡡
벻ǡ
澹Ǵ߶ƣһͦ˫Ǵʿʱ·𣬽׹ڰա
Ҳǧչֱڰա
Ҳ˲ΧΣ̫ˣӶ׷ȥڶ
գ
ڿնľӣϷ˫ֽӡ֮䣬ĳһһƣǿͻͻٶȽ
Ѿ֣ڲЩζ޷뿪޷ײƣ˽ӡ
ϧˣ桢ҲǷ
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ӳ漲ʦһ꣬ٶ֣˵Щץס׷Ρ
һΣջˣڶٵӼۼƵջ
һƲһУԵؽһſβס
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ž
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˲ƣּ汼ӻһָݴǡСһ޴Ρ

סûΣգȻתĶ̵һԾǰݴϷվڲݼϡ
ֺһԼ¡
žž
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Ҳ漸Ӳݴʧںҹ֮¡
ڴ
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á
ͻȻ˴ˣҹ֮еҰޣɭɭֱشӺ˵ľӡ

ʱһ󺮷ϡҲ߶ӡ
ǡ
ӺôҲǻԪ䣬оԣŤͷ󷽳ϡ룬齣ڿա
齣ͱĺ
žž
ϡ뼸ͬʱһƬӰ
Ӱںһ𣬲Ⱦ齣ϣѾʯӣ޷ܵľϡ
һݡ
˼ӱʯǣͬʱͷɱɭɭؿٴὣӰ
ݣ
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齣ȥһµĽӰűѪĲϡؿڴֵ˿ڡ
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ϡҲţһ򰲾ľӣɱֶΣϧʱ۾Ҳ޵ض
Ӷ·ؽʬ壬һ߾ϽԱǸӡ


43 
ҹȣ֮е棬˫۾֨֨߿ٴ
ڵˣ齣΢΢ʼ仯һ·ðһƤʯҲϷ
ʮɶ೤ڿƶٶȱ첻٣˴ƶϢ
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ͻȻվĿ档
ͬʱ߶ӡԪ֮ӿ罣ƣ齣һĨӰӯֶ
۾齣˽ʹһ
齣ǿƴ·ƶ˲ħצĸ룬֮б
ܣ
߶־˲䣬ӺԽɱֳΪˡ
ͣ
ʮɶߵҡҡλοƸ룬һ뱻齣У֮УҲǣж
žž
˵ʳȭϡ
Ҫ֪ǻԪΪѲǼǰǸһߣʵϼɽʱ֮Ҳնɱǿʮ
ɼˣȭƤδƻһֻ֣ǽ転ĵöҡڡ

ܵ͵ϮҲǸ룬ٶ齣һݲ淴ӦǺڻ֮ϣǽΧľ顣
ϧ齣У齣Խնϡ
ֻܺسȭ潻֣ƱƵģѹԹơ
Ȼ޷ʩչ˹ƣҲƼڿ״̬
书ٺãжݣȴҲ˫ȭѵ֣ȫѹơ
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̤Ȼյ棬ʲô߽׻ԪҪͻΪĿ꣬ɾϷ֡
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Ű󡭡
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һ治֪ʱͻȻ͵ѹԼȻͻͻƶ
ʱҲΪξôˣ
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С
ʱ־ϲһڿǰ㣬Ԧ齣շУһ̫Ԫ߶齣Ʋ㣬Ԫͻһա
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Ǹ
ӦɽïӣһƵĶߣͻȻǰ
ŵʹⶴ͸һƬ̤һ
ó䣬һžʯС
ʱҹ֮УΪʯ֣͸һɻɵĹ󣬿ʮɡ
þʯ͸Ĺ󣬽ץס齣棬ϸ붴ߣֶ죬⿴ȷһߣڲȴγһضƲ￪ġ

ܳձ鶼нǧѼٻ˼ǧ꣬ѵûϳ
ضĳѨ
ԽضԽŵµ⣬ض˸ߣھʯɹ£Ҳһһǰ
ܳ䲻˾ӣɼôƻܻô£Ȼй֮˵ĳҪ淢ͻϮ
涴
ԼĪһʱΪҵѨͻȻֶһض
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ŨңûдǰѨ
ζЩ̱ǡ
ǰֽΪѨѨ֮УһЩĢһֲ˲ĵط
ĢֲˣСߣŹɹɲ㴫СһЩֲ֮⣬һЩʻǿήĲҶӰӣ
ΧҶγѨֻƻԤ˻׷ɱܻ
ҵҲܰһˡ
ΧѰѰҲûضܵ˿ֻΧϸѰңЩرߵֲҲˣһЩҲŲ㣬ǳϢɼȥԸ˷ãǿ׳壬û⡣
Ģһֲָ׳͸㣬ó䣬һ봢䡣


44 ٵĵ
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һںϴδȫǿ鵤ΧȴͬʱʼָԪ
һȼ鵤ҩǿϴͻƣʣһҩڿȫա
ʿһСͻơףʣϱ䣬Ҳ޷ɳԼΪԼĳ
绯ԪֻɻԪƷ鵤ҩҩ֮Ϊͻƻҩٵ˲أñը
Ϊˮ֮һ档
ƻҾǵʮ꣬¶桭
졣
ȻҲץסʱָ鵤ʵﵽ״̬סˡ
źþʯ뿪ضصɽȣȴˣǴ߶ҲӦ
ֻȥ֮ǰϢ档
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ϡ롢ҵһϻţల£Ҳٻع顣
ǽϿһԡ
ȻѰʱ䣬ѵȲһϻ޼ڣϡΪҲδ
ɲϡ룬ṳ́Ϲ;
һ¡
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⣬ȴһᣬĿ
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뿪żͬʱһƳҲҪô߲㡭ҵ齣˴ݡ齣ȴٵġٵⲻ˶ãҵģڻ죬һֶء
صնӾ棬Ҳ¡
ӣÿһ켸ǱŲȥȡʳն֮С
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Ӷ׳أǹƽģǶһ磬ͬȵӣⲻ۸ô
ˣֻ沢δŭֻһͦñֱԼԼâҪ
˵ʲôʧС
ɽһƬȺ̤ѩͨŴӡʱӸ߲֮ء


45 ߲Į
ҲǰյϣֻΧΧ֣ĸ죬ųʯΡΡʱᵹһ
Ҳн죬ð
ˣʱǰֵĵ֮УһһֱָżЦ˵ж޲ü˱ʯѹŸġ
ơ
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ͻȻһȺʼɧƶʮӣΪһʮӡ
ȧߣӡ˸ȻƤڣĿۡ
ԱһӶ˵񣺡ʦִһҪƽҵ˻ʱʱ̿һͬල
˰֣оһͷܣ˵֣һ·ܽһôڴޣҹܲˣﷸ£ȻҪܵͷ
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ԶԶһƳնӡǺǣûڴ
һڴԱ֨һˣ棬նӣﲻˡ
˵Ϊͷģ
¡
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ڴ߳һһŴӣҲûʸҰ˴֮¡
ûʸ񣬵ΪһӣȴҪƽ֣Բԣ
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֮ǵСǲǣǷй̣˽ﶷ֣Ŀ޹أǲǣ
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뿪ɽ𽥿̤ѩ壬ǰѩǵ̤ѩ壬ĿԽ£ڴǰĵǰ˴ӣֻһ޷޵ĵӰˣ޼ڸûʲôӰͬͷûϵhңȷ޴ҧŲš
˼룬оԽԽӣͬʱҲղһ乫һڹ档
ͻȻԳҡҡͷйɽ
ն˰죬ܽλڳ֮ϵĳʦ
ġ
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ת뿪Ҳ档
ȻѲǰǸ桭òپԪŪն½ҵؤһԴ
ءʦֻӦˣһ̬ʼ壬ʧȥǱΪͨӡ
ص鶴һ·ϣ涼˼


46 
һǲˣҲΪ
һжֻܿ컯
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ڱס潫ŻԪ鵤Ͻؼ壬Լ˷á
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ʦ֣
һ죬֮ȻһλŮӡ
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Ůӳ֣ΧȻۼһЩӣŮΪǳ
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֣һŮӣ⡣
hȴǸ⣺ҲǸոյ֪˼
ڰ֣޹أ޼УĿģʦþΪ¶ɲء
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ݳh뿪ˡ
صиҶ֣滹hӡµġ
һ壬ҡּǿǧ˴Ϳһǳ㡣
նhʦþҼʾãһֱû˵ףͳλ˵Ҳã
޼Χǳ֮һи̵꣬õΣԴ¶УԾȥǿҲá
ɽõĲٱ޷޼ʹãﲻʹþ֮
Ƿǳ⣬һʿ޷оգʿǴȡ¶
ȻҲԽϱϽ޼ڣҲһЩ鵤װױ޼ڡ
¾֮󣬾ȥ˵
üԶ޼ڣҹ̸·յͼ뿪ããһ޴ǳأڸԭ֮ϡ
ȻһŽ׸ߵĳǽ
ʱͬнǣǱҡķ涼ûпɱԣκһֵʮɿɫɫҪ洦ɼʿԼһЩʿ
ǷΪĳǳؾס˿ڴﵽǧ򣬳вݡ̡¥ȻҲи壬ǳԱ޼ЩҪݳޡ
㷹Ƚס޸㶨Ĵ˺󣬿ʼѰ̡
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ΪѰһʮ̻ᡣ
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ʱһ꣬òһ
ЩҪףνĿǰԷ
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ϸϸ󣬺ܿͻأիܰæ¶֪Ҫնٷã
֮һҪȡһΪѣҿǻȡһЩԣȡΪƽģȼ۽
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ҽ
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ȻƲлƵĿˣƼˣֵͽ׻Ԫʿʲôж٣
ҪիΪһæɣ
ΣԼһβθϲӵԵĶȻӶóһöָ
걾ͷģͻȻΪƷ
ִ߶䣬һΰɶ೤͸Ĳθʱʱס˺Ȼˡִ˶
ֻǿıοҲܳȴһġ
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ôҲҪһ£ԽǺõԽҪƾ֤򣬵ʱȡǣߡ
˫ɣҲƾ֤뿪֮棬ĴټķȻڵڶʮ
Ǯ˿á
ǹ˹䣬ص¥˼ҲǷҹ


47 ɱֲ
ɫʯ
֪ʲôʱɽõɫʯУ΢΢ѹƣδñʯ͸
ԭڰիһ鱦ʯȥ䲻֪ʯкԿ϶һ㣬ɫʯǷƷ
һ뵽ǣӦhǶԷʮֶܲܿ
űʯԵϣܶʦֲһЩʲô˵׾ͺˡ
ʯŵƻ𷱾һǣһǳأһˮأǨƵҵ취ǿ취õԴа취ǹ
ֵһƣ¶
ȥ¥пˣҲ֪ܲͨ
ʱԱһ󺺺ȵһ˫졣
¥ΰɱ֣ѵãǼӽͦġ
¥ǲɱ֮֯дãһңЩ˶ǹŵѪ֮ͿһǳذңСݡӶҲǲġ
շǣоƽ
ȣ
֮ң׳ʱʱֹ䡣
˵ġ
Ŷ䣬ȻĬĬˡ
ͷʱСôʡ
С֪¥һɱܸ֯ߣɱ֮󣬻ԵõЯպûһʱhʦգȥ¥ԣɱǮֿʵһá
˷һһҹδ˯ǣһֱ
һ뿪¥һֵͨѰһǽ߸ۡպҲ⼸ѰˣҲȾƵˡ
һʱн˾ۼţֱſһλ߲˽븮ۡ
ԺɫҲǻҺɫΪ˶оһ֮ѹ޷
ǾԺеȴƬ̡
ôҾۼڴԺΧֳһЩˣÿһǸֻ֣һֱ顣
ɭ䡣
ӭ
벻һȣպöʮͷĺŮӣò󱣻
ͨŮӣ
ŮӵǴ΢ЦǰһƳ̧Σ֮һɨˣҶΪ¥ȻҾ¥ֻո֣ҪˮˮǱ½вɱ֯Ҿ¥ԳƵڶûܳƵһʴ˳˵ãһӭû͹ȥ
һ㲻ˡ֮е΢΢ͷ̧ͷһΧʿ˿ȻŮ塣
оֳͬᶳƵģžҲĲź
ŮݸݸһЦұԹ֣˭һ
ǿƣǰɫɫʿ

һᣬͻȻȺ֮
Ůڵˣ˶飬ȺƶڸĿ´Ů
ŮϲüңôᡭӴǻԪΪƲʮ꣬ʾţҲӡ
յǰ泯Ůӱȭ
ǻԪ䣬ҾʩչԪܴƣء
Ů˵꣬ұﶯ
ֻһɵһӰǰγɣӰŮ߷
һŻԪ
ͣ
ݲȷӦӰͻȻϮɱſһѸײڶ֮Ƴ
žž
һŵ棬ٶȡ߳ԼһصĹƣҲǰ߶ƣ˫ƶ֮ʣұ۴ƣǰһա
Ϊ乥顭
Ȼ̡
䣡
˲Ϣըǵȭͷ֮£ô飬һȭԵ顣
Ů΢΢һЦ⣺ʵ˲Χʮȳ˴׳٣澳֮¥Ƕ֮أǱɱɱˣСˣٽơ
֮ںŮ£ոշһӰͻȻΧƴ߳ĵӰ
žžž
Ӱգۼ佫ɣƯΧĲ֮⡣
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ͣ
ӰȡƶﵽԪ䣬һЩӰڽۼһЩӰ͸ƣ󱳡СһЩ˿һѪۡ
ƽӰĥЩɱ֮еĵӰԿȱ첲ȡ
ˣͨˡ
֮󣬺ŮͻȻһ֣ӰͽӰߣһն


48 Ǻ
ҲʧΪֻܽͷĲ룬ΪߣƿͷŸ㣬ǿҲǳˣԷֹ
һ࣬ĬĬ־ϡӦʮԪΪ̬ʼ˲ءϯȫ¡
ԱŮӣŮӺøΪָ֣Ҳ޷˲俴ҵΪƬ̼ͿΪ¥Ȼ򵥡
ʿҲſˣƺһ궼ͨˣһԡ
ԣҲֻжʮ˳ɹͨŮӿˣʱڸۡ
ֱ˴᷿Եġȵġ
ȳԱ㣬Ѳߣ˯һҹ־Ҳóһ鵤ںϡ
һ磬벻ŮӾš
ֲܿ㲻ǻԪϰΪʵܳԽ䣬ӦӵлԪ֮
ȴŮӽ뷿£ǱҲ̫СɱһŵһЩż¼ţɱɼɱҲһŹ
;ţʱʱ벻ɱֻôŵ
ֻҾ¥ɱ֣ڣЩǸ㣬ԲͲǡϡп
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ϣ
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ǺۡáǺۡš
ںŮӽܾ¥ԼɱֵķУ涼ǱֳţֱԼɱִš
Ǻ۲ǡǿ޺ۡϣԸΪһӰȥٵɱ֡
ЩһҪ֪ģ
Լϡ滹򷽱պϵǴ߶ɣҲǺۣҾ¥ûй̶ֶ棬պϵص㣬ڴֿھ¥ϡɲɱǰܽһЩĵá
Ů侲һܣܺҪǽҾ¥ɱ֣ӵһҪòΪɱǲĿ꿴Լòģʱ鷳ɲһɱֿɽģԺ֯Ҳñģ
ף
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һᣬһѾ߼дŽӭҴԺ
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49 Ȼɱ
һ·ϼʿ˭ǽ¸磬ͬʱ޼ڴʿɲǾŴӡ
˹һԿյأٴһѾ
ʦҲ滹ˡ
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ѾִƹһͥԺ
СһЩˣ
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ǡ
˭֪һۼĲhǼϤĲϤˡ
棿ȻҲˣ
ЩҲѾͥԺ档
Щ֮ܿǺüӶΧնţ١
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Ųһʿҵֶ塢ܿˣƶֶйϵ벻ߵô
пˣ
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Ӷʮ£ŽƤŷ٣߳ʱֱ档
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Ĭ֨ǿӣhʦõĴ磿Ҳ޼ߴӵ𣿡
ٺȻڨڨͶĿ⣺磬㻹ҪӴˣ˾ϵͣռҲӭˡ
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ۣ
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50 ʬ
ٹ޼λӻˡ
ʱ˸㱨
hˮüֶܿһ˳߹
h֮ǰΪ·Ѿߣ̽ȥӣҡ˵Բ𡣡
ѾתͻȻСóһСӣС㣬λӰūһύС
ҴӼ٣ӵЦһԪһ䡭ԪʯǷĽƷ
ϼɽɽˮһҲԪʯˣʲôֶҲǳû̡
򿪿ʲô
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˭֪źӽҿһȻɫзɶԶ١ֶܿС
֣ЩҲ翴ûκα顣
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ָ棬һԪͨʮұ۱
һɨָһץһҲš
ݣ
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ɱˣɱ
ʮ˲Ϣ齣֮£߳ԺǰһƬƬռʿʿɱ
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ɱ
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ۡ
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齣չֳΪԽ˱֮ͬ
˲䱬һɶྪ˽â齣ƶâһԽǣռ˭ǱնΣͷأ
âһɨʮ˻Ϊʬ塣
ֱɱ
ʮֻҲһ֮ˣһʬ岻ˡ
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װ봢䡣
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˳ƶһųȥȺܿ뿪
ͷʲôշ٣һڻ֮ϣ֪Ϊ
ΧܾȺûעи˳עھȻֻʧȺ֮С


51 
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һɨ긮ȡһһõ·ԼһЩֵСƿ
·ٴγʱѲ֮ǰǸ꣬һСؤ
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ⲻǽΪϼɽҡ
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ֶǿߣǴһ±Ҳ֮ΣͬʱҲٸˡ
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ҹĻϮαװСؤ棬һЩؤǶ£ǺͬڣĿ궼ǲƴֵ긮
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һ˫ͫʼδֶŲ֣ڱȳöڳʲôﶼУһǸϻ޼ڣ;Զֶһ֡
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ֶڣ
֪ͻȻš
˷¾ƱֶˣҲܴ㵣ҹң
һʿͿֶ񣺡ոϵģҪȥС
ʦ֣
һ⡣
ܿ˶ֶ͸ĽɫֶҲϲǺʣôҹҺ£
⡢֪ȥǡʿȻǿͿ
УλЩϢĪˣƽҪʦָޣֶתȻǳ⣬ȻȡʿҴ¥
ۼӰֱǱֶҴ󼸱ʦֲ㣬Ϊε
ߣֶſʮ꣬ҵȲżˣǻԪΪֽ˴ӣʵݶ֮ϣʦҲԤ֮УǾͼȾơ
ܿҲһĨԹ⣬һ˼һͬתȾơ
ҹĴѩƮøˣʱǿȥһƬס


52 ɱֶ
ߣСͬЩ
ڷѩ£ֶʿȸ·
ʿȻӴִһͬЩ
λֵܣһ⡣
ֶҲźͬˣóϰԪʯ֪ҹҾʲô£
ʿԪʯΪһʿҲֻ֣Ͳ֪ˣƢĸҶһ֡
棿ôٻΪ˷գֶ˼Ȼʿ·
ǰԼиӰڽ䣬𽥿ɼһò֪ؤ

ѩƺһƬƬѩͬǣһЩܱ׶Ҳžž䡣
ˡ
Ҫؤǰһؤڱ˫ֳһ档
ʿҲڴʱһӿ첽ֶǰһǰһں󣬶ֶҲһ˼٣Ļᡣ
ݣ
˵ʱʱ졣
ֶǽؤǰһɲǣؤӶұۣƻƮѩֶΪĿ꣬ն
ֶƺʲôӸոһֻ۵һ۾һᣬΧѪ
֮УǿѪƬ翪ʼߵΪͷӲӻ׹¡
ˡһأͷڻѩԶѪֶ˫ҴСƤһͬҲѧĭ޹⡣
һҵ˺ܾá
ؤһµʬǰץһӣ׸ʿ
õԪʯʿò˷ܣ˷ģ֪֪֪
תһԶȥߵԶԶģ뿪ǣԪʯǰ뱲ӻḬ̄ᣬɱ֮ʬҲˣʬӦҲһЩöˡ

Ļ˵棬˵ʬкôֶʬ塣
ʱ򣬴ѩҲͣˣǳҲһЩׯСһۼŲؤ
һؤڽܶؤܸȤСؤһҲԸˣҲûȥ
ôԱӲһһ죬˭Ըȥ¡
һᣬһؤСؤǰ
΢΢ʵʲô
ؤЦеĻش𣺡ķԸūȥԼͬճɻҽռܶˣʲôˣںͬﵹûˡ
óһӽԷһЩԪʯ㹻ڳ⹺һլӣȥúð꣬Īڳַ
ūǰ뱲ΪҲûһգлСл쿪ˡ
ŴӵؤһĨһ뿪ݡ
ֶҲ̤ʵˣ尲ȫʼһĽᣬҿԷΪǿУҲøϽͻƻԪ䣬ֻڻȡΣ֮Լȥڡ
ֳΪһصСؤ
ΪռͻǽֵѲߣп߶ʡ
ի
ʩչΪһͨʿɵ¶ȡ
һƿδ򿪸ӾŵϤĲ㣬ʮΣÿһҩڻԪʮŻԪƷ鵤
һʾԴߴҲûô¶ΨӲõó˾¶
ϧ֮һիߣȻ಻١
Ȼʮ¶ĿǰҲ㹻ãûؼҲһʱ䣬˷ëϴ衣
ԪʯҲ޷ô¶
Ԫʯͨûң¶ҩҲǿ䵱ңֻԼ塢̻ᡢá
뿪իֻСؤ֮ƿ¶봢䣬ʧ⡣
һɽһ֮أͿʼ׼Ԫ䡣
ָòɽкˣڶڴ߶־һʮ鵤ô¶һͻƻԪ䣬ڻỹд꣬˵ôԴͻƻԪ䣬ȡΪŴӵһˡ
˿̲ƣԪ־ӿɲǣһô⣬ΪӰӰ
ھ֮еԪҲ״ͻڷɳۡ
ƼһһɿֻΪ״̬Ӷ¸֮С

ӰӰʼɱҲΪĲԪչĲѾǳĲ֮ڣƿԷ󲿷ֹƣƾʿϵһס
֮ӿ¸Ȼ롢ʮ֮УԪںϡֻΪԪӿ˲أ˲ΪģȫͷţӶȫչ
̤еزأز࣬˵Ҳ̺֮زؾġ֮Ҳ֪ġ֮롮زءк


53 һ
ԪȻСԪơߴӣȫѹֻԪϣСʦµġҲ޷С
һеͬʱԺҲ˸ٻ档

ʱһȥڼǻӰӰڣоһӰ˳ܽǧʯץ촷ۣӰβһɨܽ
ԽͣоԪӿڳ棬һֿҪըĴ
ˣ
ڴʱȻһ˿
ͣȡһƣǾ¥Ůӽʱ䣺һ¹ȥ¥ˡ
עһԪ͸һ⣬һͼܿĳһֵ
Ҫǿɱ֯һܺöᣬִٸϻϼɽ
ƻа¾ͻ䣬¥Ҳ̫ʱ򡣡
һպãִؤܿ뿪ɽǡ
뱱Ǻܽһֵһʱһһӡ
һ£ģͨ񲻻ƭˣǳƽ纮ҹ֮е𣬸оע⵽Χκζ
ԷһҲע⵽棬ĬĬӣ֮ʾ£Զһͬ
Ǻۣ֮֯ڱɡ
£óһžŵƤ档
պƤ뿪֮ǰȻʣи̣ҾǷǳԶ֯ϵң
Ľͣ֯й涨ɱҪ֮Ϊɱ֣ʱȥԶֻҪҾ¥ɱֲַͻͨϴݵķʽõӦɱǣʵ޷ҲɰһΣǸ߶֪֯ҪԻϵ㡣
˵֮ԷգȺʧӰ١
̯Ƥסĵͼ滹һﻭ
ֻеصĿ껭ûκ֣ҵĿ˭ʲô
һɱʧܣץסԷҲɱϿʲ˿֪Ǿ¥
ɱ֯¹ٴ۽硣
ίʵܣǴɱĿ꣬ɱֱ˶֪ȥһһκѰɱж
Ŀ겻֪˭ɱҲ²֪飬˾¥Ҳմ˿鷳
һѧˣҸоԺ󻹻ѧණ
ϳǡ
һʱ󣬻ؤһڳͷһ˫۾ΧѰš
찵һȲ긮Ǻլһۡǰ˶ƤϵĵͼȷĿ档
ͼƺۡڲȡĿסķҲУʡȥ鷳Ҳ˵һɱ񣬾¥֮ǰͻһС
ۡڲǵһ֮ԾǽͷֺܿһƬȥݶ
ܿΧҲʮѲߣ޷̤뻯ԪߣҲʦʵ
̤뻯Ԫ۷棬ǽƬϣѾȥһ֮⣬ë
˿ԺһݶСƬҿ·ܿ鷿һˣʱӦڳôأ뷿Ǳڰ
ڴͷ󷽣ܻҲû˿쳣ǰɱ˾һ
Ҿ¥Ҫɱˣɱ¥Ҳɳɱִ
ЩϢ
һ֮ƿһλѮȫг۵䡣
沢ż֣Ŀͨ磬߲˫˦ԼϣȻϣҲһʿһ֡
Ԫʼӿһı³óһƤһҡ
һ·ֻ֪Ϊƫƫǳ⣿
Ƥ磬պһ˯Ρ
ͣ
֮ͬһֱ߱ʱһɾ룬涸ȻԦ۰
ž
Ž̳Ʒ
أ
ͻȻҲͷԪб澪к󱳣ӦǴ͸·ࡣ
һǽĵ·ӿľһ𣬽ʮ֮⣬Ѫ
ѵ峤һŻ屦ף
鿪ؤģһ˫ۣײУһӵʱץסֳһƬԪ
Ȼɱ֯ԸϷ򣿺ߣ͵غ˼Ŵշɱȣˣˣˣ
ˣһɻɱ
ҲϷҲлԪΪ޷ɱϷģһѪȥ

Ѿ׷һɺ󷽡
Ѿƿš


54 ɱ
ٿ
ֻ̤żȭͷȴ齣ֶһߴӺҧߡ
ͣ
ۣ
һ齣̫ˣԽǰһֻأ齣ʹӴ˺󱳡
ôܣϡϷףҲ顢
ͨأ󱳵ķɽ˿̱ѪȾ죬߾źӰѾٶ֡
ǷΣ齣ԽͨԱߣǰһҹ֮ͷӿӿХ
ͣ
γ齣ϴԺԾݶ
ү
׷ɱ̿ͣ
ʿȺӿԺС
ȴһδڿԽƬƬݶЩʿҲ׷ݶʱѾʧںҹ
պƮѩֵ˹ӰֻȺ֮е˼˶㣬˭Ըؤմһ
֪ͨ¥֪öԷܻӦɱɫп˿̿֡
ԼȴʱҲһʱҹѩƮƮҡҡǡ
ΪҪȼлӦȴ칦ȡһһͼ·
ʱһѮؤڽֵһ˻
ڴʱ΢΢һȻؤǾ¥ʹߣԷĬһԡ
ϲһԲɣΪҪȼ죬벻ð͸㶨ܳ¥ɱ֣ǧԪʯʡŵãǻһʱ䡣
ؤóһŽСĸ֣Ҳûд䣬ǧԪʯһҲЯ֯ΪЩͼɱֿܵκδ̻ʹããʱƭˣǣ

ʹڶǲм
䣿
һԪʿǲӵдģʿҲܵõ䡣
ھ¥ɱ֯ûʵҲòأǧԪʯҰ룬¥Ȼƴ֡
պýδżȥԻԪʯĬĬ뿪ǡ
ҹ·ǰһ̣ڻصϼɽء
ǽʿѲߣѺȼţȻ·ѩжʿֹۼߺˣ
һӰһٶһԾһɶߣһң
ӣ
ٿţǹӻˡ
ʿһ۾ɵѩ˼ޱȣڲҲɧŴʱһٶʿеӭ
սʿϴεܣΣٲȻѳΪ壬峤⣬еĶ
֮ϴζҾŴֺ֣ǵڳͽ߲ң˭֪߲㶼С
չ⻷ϽֶΣǧˡ
صۡԺ֮УѾ߰¶Լĸ䣬ڴ֮кš
үظ
˸ߺһ糾ŷѩԺһӭ䵱ڹ¡
ĸ绨ţ§뻳УҶͺã䲻䣿ҪҪϢ
ػغǻͣݲ˵һ֡
˵ģʱʣĸԼ¶óһ鵤֣ؽ¶Ǵﵽ鵤ѾͷúУ㹻ںһ꣬ʱǧҩ΢ͷ
¶һ͸˵ĵҩСӻȥ鵤֮еĵҩлл
ҩ
˴ֱʣΪ
κԴ֮粻ӵУҲֻԴԪԴҲһ
漷üͷٺ٣κãɸȥһɽ֪Ӱ׹֮ҵһö䣬ʮƷ鵤ʮ¶ҲﵽԪܸƷʣǰԪʯҽ쿪ʼȻԽʲôңԼΧ塣
⡢ôԴҡҼҵһҲԶԶһ
ԺãֻЩԴڻԪ֮ϣδ˶һںϣɺûʵԴ
ĪЩǣԭʱ˵޼ڵһЩӣΪ㵣ġ
޼ڼٰڻᣬ޼Σ˶ΪֻǻԪһ䣬𲻵вҪڻһˣΪŴ֮еһˡ
򲻿ɳǿһ£ǰʱǼ廹ǳ֣˵峤豱ɱˣڶ뿪鶯塭ǰ˵滰ǲɱģ
˵ͳΪԪ֣Ǹʵ
治㣿
ʡ֮ơ
ôܳϣ


55 ʵ
Ϊģ滹֪ĸԼжãϣ϶ǳ𡢵ġ治ϧԼ
鵤¶Ԫʯ䡭ǽ˵ģѵõԴĹ䣬ЩҲῴһۡ
ʲôԴȲ϶ӵİȫ
ȻԼóˣǰĻ˼棿
ݽ˴䡢齣Լ¶鵤Ԫʯ£󲿷Դ䡣
ȽԴڵң֪߲ͨ㿪ᡣ
浹û룬һпվڷԪ䡣
ֱ棬ͨ˵ŵ֪ڸղϣи߲֪شԴ𾪡ˣҲ˶䵽¶õһ¶
ĹһȻվǳ濴Ȼڴ󾣽޼ڡҿ죬мӽ޼ڣΪ޼Դ絤ҩ¶Լô¶鵤㹻ʮУͬϼɽУ޼ûжͬ
ĦȭƣôԴҲٻ޼ڣȥҪɫЩбļӣ
ЩռҡңҲ޼̫ӣʱʱ̻̿⵽ƣûм֧֣ûʵٻƣҲԸЩԼӡ
ӣһߴңôԴǾϼɽС
һ˻޼ڣҿǹΣʵڲҲǻԴˣһ⣬ǴͻƻԪһ٣õͻʱʵԴϼɽɽ٣ױбϡ
峤ֻҪӽֶ岻вǱػΪЩһĴڡ
ʱĵѪڣżԽԽãΪһӣȻоٹ⡣
ȥȻڷС
Լ˵죬о˲֮ҪоԼԼҪͻƻԪ䣬׼ϻ޼ڣ޼ڴͻơ
֮ʣʿΧסڲˮףˮ֮нһˣҲУ»Ҹ߲㣬һڴס
ĸʱһ¶ԪֿһЩˮ֮Уʱˮڵʿͬڿˮ֮УˮڣʿƤӿһЩɫ飬Ѫɫ
¶ˮףˮϡ֮һʿںϣëϴ衣
ֽһ鵤һƿڣһ㵹һڿˮһںȥ
֮ͷӿ̣ƺһ˲ðˮٿˮһˣĸǶĿ죬ڱƳۻ塣
벻а취׾ͽ߼¶鵤ͨ¶ҩˮöںϣû˿ΣգںԴϴǿ׳ǡ˲ء
ˡ
׼ʶڣ᲻ǿ󣬶象ֶӽ֣Ҳ׶ҳ֡
һĻûҪ˵ʲô
뿪֮Ϣʧϼɽ
ʱ䣬ֻص޼ڡ̤ѩ塣
̤ն㳡ҳر˭֪ܿ뼸ʿ֡
㡭
벻ܿһ棬ͬ䲻һ´棬ƺʲô
֮ܿû꣬󣬲ġһ仰̤
Ȼûܣҵõһʱ佫Ϣ٣ˣһ׷Ź档
ܿȻʮ㣬亹ֱ
档
ȻˣǰǸ𡢳ʦڿеţҲǰ˴ӣһУ˼ٵġ
׷֣ôˣͬˣ
˻棬ȴּæ׷ȥ
벻ôˡƽʱûǲĪʲô£
̤ܿǽ˾ۼ棬о⡣
һŪԭʮһεڻѾʼʴնЩӲžۼ
粻ɣһҲϡ
պмӽǰѵ塣
һҲȺȴ棬кʦܣɣ֮ǰܿ˵ƺ⣬
⣿ҪһܿȻΪǡܴʱѽһϢ١
ˣȻѣΪԲ֪ˡ
ʲôˣǰ͹ڣ˶һ
˭ǰʩչƣǵõмＸ
ҲȭӦһ䣺ҵȷһЩ⣬оգʦҲ


56 Ԫ
ǰԭȥɽ£ȻμڻᣬھͿʼҲȰˣʦ֪ܿڻᱨϸ򣿡
Īʦ֪
ЩɹʦֵᵽһЩ˵ڻ֮ǰڻᶼһǰ̨ԣһǽ޼Ψһһʱա
ʱգ޼δ
֮ǰ˭֪βʱ޼Ψһ֮أʲô磬˵硣˵Ǳ½Ȼݱ̣γһգҲȻƻ֮γɵ˺ѿռ䣬Ҳ˵޼ɽ֮µĳԨ
һӸϺʱˣӦÿʼ
ȻñǱ½߲ܲ뾡취ǿ˵ǧꡢͱ̲ˣʷڴ½ϲûй
٩٩̸оǰǸ߳һͷ
Ҳǰǰǰ˴ӣֱնʦУΨһ
ѳԽһ䣬ٿ棿ԭ̤ȻֻǻԪһ䡣
һ󣬾ܱǳء
ջص鶴ⷢҶСhڶڣͶĿԽԽ
鶴ܲµhʱʲô飬ʵʦôȥ
hȴ亹ʧ͸ұˣղ˵Ҿ͡ʦ֣治˼Ҳ֪ܼҾֺ㡣
һܼûǸӡ
ǡʦֵ˼
ռǹϵһֱӦѣôٹϵֵܣٵ˼Ҳ˼𣿡
û¾ͺã¡Ҹ硭
hʧĺӡ
Ҳ첻ͻ֣ҲܼһʦãԺĪңԭԳΪѣ磬ԼռĹϵעɲѣ֮ҲǸصӣն󲿷ֵΪ֮ϣұӦʲôʡ
ˣ
ⲻܵóܵ飬ϣǿʯʦϲ
˵ʯ
ʦأӴҲһ·ˡ
h˵ȥȭ֮棬ͷ鶴֮С
Բ𡭡Ժ󲻻㣬֪Ե󣬶Ҷ𣬶Բ𡭡
hҲ̲סֱ䣬㳯ɭֱȥƮҶܿ콫Ӱû
ڡ
ѡһУնٵӣ󲿷ֶ鶴λøռˡ
治鷳ҡռҵˣȻƧҲһ㣬ֻʮֺ볱ʪ
ﺬŻʣ²ҩ鵤˫֮кŹƫľʯȻϢӿ룬ڶڻΪȻͳͳ¸
ΧĻӰӰȻءͣԪҲǻΪһͷͷͻڿٱߣԵʮΪ˲ء
״̬Խоʯ鵤ľЧ
Լڴȡһ«һ¶«֮У«ڲ֮ǰװɽȪˮ
˲ڲԪﵽԪ۷壬ͻƣ¶ҩǿɽȪˮϡÿϴ裬ͻԼͻ֮ǿ׳ǡ
չ֮󣬴˿̸оһƤ

«˼ڣ֮籩꣬Ƣ
žž
ʮ˲ԪͻȻ˲ͷţӵﳯȫȥʱƤëٺɫѪɫҺ֮ͻȻһȻžžڴ𵴡
оڴ˿ƺǻȺȺɽХϱ֮Ϊֹ𺳡
һը죬ѪȶŨŨҺðɫҲһʱ԰סһʱ죬оȫðѪ
졭
ϲźùһЩЩƣ«ͼںȥܿ쿪ʼָѰɫӼͷӿһЩ̡
¶ȫ֮УоƮƮʮ˲һ䣬ҲͻƻԪоΪˡ
һǻԪ䡣
ǻԪ䣬ֶһΪնµŸ߶ȡ
¶ˮʣµ鵤ֱһڣоʯҲʧȥ
ϴεõžʯһžûˣʣһžʯԼ鵤ϼٵ¶ԴĿǰǹˣӳԶ㣬ԴʲôҾȥԽߣõԴԽˡ
ڻỹм£ǰԺֻһͷǿ󣬼ǿ
Ԫ仹ԶԶ
ָ״̬֮㿪ʼ־бѼС
Ȼ޷УǰһЩҵǼסһЩ벻ԪҲʲô
ʱ֮пˮǿͬʱҲÿʼ


57 
ֶ԰׷µġȤȻ޷У׹ӴֻĲС
ͨ겻ںϣ֪һЩܡ
˲ءزصС
˲ԪΪ
زĪġ֮
ΪԪʿǿصԴͨ˽֪ԭʿ޵Ԫֻһʼ
ԪͨУһʱԪữΪ
̳֮桯
һݵĴݻ棬Խš
޵ںϣشﵽ˺һ״ָ̬߶ǻԪ棬Զ޷ġ
Ҳֻܴӡ˽⵽һЩƬ
ʦµķίʵĪ⣬ûУ޼ժ֡
޼ժо·ÿһ·оŴ仯һžŰʮһ·仯곤ʦҵһ·仯һ·̺ľ·ַҲڻԪһ·仯ڻŴұȻǵһˡ
ָһ㣬һȥ
־棬ͻȻ
ں˼¶¶ǣͻȻɲ־޼ڵķ

֮ͷţһ岽ԶȻͻƻԪ䣬Ԫɱ䣬Ҳ֮ǰĲչһЩ
˫ۿã˶ʱΧ˫գΪһӡһо;ŵһ߳ӡ
ŵӡ˫һԵޱȵ磬ӡʱ֯ʱ룬ò
޼ժ֣ҪϣŹ޼ڿҹ󣬶һȻǲĴڡ
飡
벻Ŵӡγɸײڶڼ
Ԫʩչ޼ժ̫ˣ鶴У޼ںɽǺһƬԭʼɽɭ֣еУֶʺ
֮ǰҵȥ˳ҳȡ鵤ͣе棬ʰɾ뿪˶ߡ
޼ںɽԡ֡ΪΣգ궼Էֱ淽򡭡
ȡ鵤޼ںɽǰ粻ļ紺ڣʱʱƮѩ
޼Ǳ½ǧʷ֮УɽǽأŲõӽȻ֮һȻӽȥٳ
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ܳʱ䷢չֽ¼ǺţֵطǿԶԽȥģ󲿷ֵӻѡ
Ҳ޼ڵϲ֮أΪԹǽأڲྪٵڲ
ʱ潥֣Ȼգֻа߲Ӱ͸Ʋ㣬ֻܿٲĲһЩʯ顢ľмǺš
ҲԽԽ䣬ܶطѽ̹ǣһЩϪΪһ
Ψһõһ㣬ûޣֻһЩްˣмǺŵĵطӦеӽУҵѰµ֮УҲֻһܿļǺš
һʱΧǱֲֻ̦޺
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ԽԽ᫻ܼ¡߷壬ҲٲȻ䣬ԼԿٲ֮Ļ
ʮԶҪ¼ǺţȻֵط·Ǿ鷳ˡ
طһɽȣɽ£ʯһƬʯγɵʯ֡
ֹȥһʱ䣬ʱŲȻ䵫ͷ󺹣Χʯ֣طǲ
ȻҴ⣬ϸ¼ǺţѰҵطޣȴһ濴߶ȵ£һȻߣǳڲһϪϪˮ峺͸ܼϡ
طΧʯɽ塢أΧҲиֹľҰݸǣþҲԷֶߵĴڡ
ڱȵնһҲʪЩʯԼԼһЩ
ﻹ
ΪԼǵһˣߣڲԸɽڲкۼֻܾԶ
޼мǧʷٵӽУڻ˷
һЩϡܿٶѨȻ죬еұϻһЩӣ㣬ʯɫƺһЩ
ˣҲû壬붴һξ룬˴Ӷڽֶܷ
ڸһպʱмֻɹɲΨһĳԱ
ѷһرĶѨһ滹ڣӦͨ


58 հ׹ǶѨ
Ǹãھ˷֣һҲͬʱ룬ÿʱ
һڣȻһӿһɵ΢磬һɺر㡣
Īɽһڣʲô
泯ǰ룬û߼Ȼ͡һ졣

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ˣ
һ亹ɵþĶǣίʵ벻ôɣ֮ػˡ
ʦãѾں汦㣬֪㽫֩롯ںϵεȵزžһ˵
һŮӣ͸ųŮӲеģ֩ӵǧ涾ޱȣþѪںϣɣСҪϲʦ֣ں˾汦޼ڣǼҲʦͷϡ
޼ڣȻ޼ڵӣȻĸ֣֪ߴӣǴ֮еӣ
һһŮɭɭȴһ
ʿȻЦľǸˣߡ
ҶҪæŴڻᣬƶʱʲôҲͬ汦б֩롣
ʲôʱˣ
˭֪˵ҪЩŴ˴ߴǿ󡣡
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ʲôˣҵ뿪̸ں֮ǲܱ֪ģ
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ģҲ̫˰ɣһ־鷳
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⣬ˣˣҡɽûг·
ڶǻٳһɲǰûʲô·Ѿɽͷ
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Ͻ߶齣ŵ޷оҪζըˣ齣ڱ΢΢Ԫ
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ŮӴʱһתȥ֮ǰϤ㡣

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һʯһǶ֮һɳ磬ʯһһʯ̨Ȼһ߰׹ǡ
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ȥŮԶûȻɽһʲôûУȴʲô֮ǽס
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߶ҲУֻܴ߶齣һȥҲû˿ãֻȥһĻɳڡ
ȻǣһȻˣƽ赲齣ްá
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ˡ
ЩһƨأѲǰǸӣһ꾭ٷ꣬־Ͳʮͨꡣ
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ϸȻְ׹ǰʯ̨ϣƺʲô֣Ȼмпġ
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οģʹо
Ҫͷ뿪ⲻЦ𣿴жֻء졢ĸ


59 ͷ
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ʯǹϣһңҸһڳŹ죬һɽһǻɳ硣
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ֲģѰųڣֱ۵ʵڲУʵڽȴţҲڤ롣
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һϡɽȪˮĺ«Ҳֻ죬׼ü«֪һģ«Ҳտյ

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60 ǰԻ͵޼
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61 жж
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62 ֺø߲
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Էֱֳˣֲ⸮ʮѰһûж쳣ԭһָ򡣡
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86 ɶṦͻư
Ϊ潫ǿ˲ءԪյò࣬һǿͨ޼Ϊһ
˲ػһ㱻ڣҾܴͻƻԪ䡣
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Ҿһ鵤ûͻư䣡
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88 ǿ뻯Ԫ
㡭ԷڵѪͷһֻؽ齣ͱԼ壺齣治ҪңҲ治һҲˣҾһͬµɣһɣҲԻϡ
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89 
֮֮صǣȥիһһٶԪʯʮ¶Լʮ鵤
ڵĶƷ齣㽫ȥĸ䣬ڼҲԶԿһǿС
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90 
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治УͲ֮һҷ֮Уǰ޼֮ռ̫嫣һ׽ȥȻʧС
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Щǿߵְ״̬
ҵ޼ԼΧû˿ʣ޼ҲƺΪɫ
ӦԪڵ΢΢Ӧ޼˲أһƬɫ
޷϶޼ȷΪɫһû˿ʣӲƺҲ֮ͬ
ͶȥԪŽɫԪӿʱ벻ԼʮҲһͨޱȣÿһ͸ǿԪռ˲ࡣ
Χʮ͸ԪϲԪȫںϣ벻ʮγˣҿֱͨ࣬ʼزأӵֲ֮Լǿ֮
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һʱ䣬ڰռ֮еĻ棬Ѱҵܶ޼Ե󷨣Ǵִһӡò˺ӣȻһϤİ׹ǡ

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ܸое㲻һȾ͵Ȱɡ
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95 ¬ɱ
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96 ɱǿ
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ģ벻ǿ߾ȻһԪӴӽߣ
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Ȼѩ֮е棬ѩһѩ壬ʱΧѩΪһ壬С
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ȻɱһӲӣҿ䣡ٴУ߶ƻΪ⣬ץ齣ֻһ󣬽˲ͷһȦˡ
ȫԸ˲䣬֣Ҳ߶־ƶȻŲ⣬һΪһ˵ĵħ
Ԫ䡭Ҳ
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97 
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ܡͻȻӴ

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֮ɱǿߣʬԪȡڳҪԴԴ͵ȴһʱɱ˽֮ˣȥһܵвͻٻȥʱ䣬ҶҪ޼ȥڣĺѩյֻʧ
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΢΢һٿΧǻˮ棬ܶʱγУһЩ֦ҶУһɶҲأʱʱ̶֮̿С
ȻǰʪշһһӲ齣һʣնӣţ
ȥƣ˶֮󣬶Էʾ⣬Ŵ˳ڶԾȥ
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ϢԼһ죬ȻߴǰָԱһˣǼŻƺȥѰˮ˭ȷλãʦ͡
ĸߣǽлƺ׵Ҳһָˣڣ뿪󷨡


98 Ŀ
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˸ŻƺС̦޺ȺԼ֮Уÿ˶һɣؾֱڿն
Ϊģõעʵʲôط֪ġ
ڼһЩһɶ֩滹ճ˹ǣһЩˮͰֵĴߣҲʱʱӵӲݳ֣ѰЩԳھ֮гƬƬس֡
Լһʱʵ޼ӪҲûжԶԼأһЩԳ֨֨£˶ܿԶĿտأһЩɫӳ죬ǵҿеһɫСϧΧкܾ˵ˮȺʱʱ֣ڰ֮ϵİԳڴʵ⡣
ȻǾôԶĿ֮Уÿ˶ŵһԵ㡣
ƺͻȻһˣʦֺżϾĿǰֻ޼ڵӷܱ˶ȡڴҴЩСΧˮȺߣܲȡСġ
ִɢ˶ǰ˴ӣֻлƺߴӣҲ޵ΪȻεġ
ˣ뵱һıܵõţ̤Ҳ⣬ҵ־޼ٶȱȻֲ
ԶһЩ֮䣬ڿժȡҶָһһֻֻС
ʱֵֻȴ˻ɢһ룬׷СڿնڰձסɣһδԶˮ
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Żƺ״߶ƣһͬСʬ벻Щˮ߼˹Сʬ壬Ѫ濴ĶЩëѷ׷Ԫע齣Ȼ̤齣û
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ʱγɿյˮߴ󲿷ֶȥʳ׷ɱˣ˫ͫͻȻͻȻжˮƺ֪ͨ顭˹ɣ
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ͣ
ǰݷˮͻȻ˳׼һͼͷڿз

Ԫע齣Ʒ鱦ԪڿգԪڷģ˵ǣץסһ

֮£ˮһ裬ȻʮˮӦʱȫԦ齣齣ںϴﵽʵ۷壬ڿһɸߣϷּæץһŹʵ
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⡭
۵ÿ޷齣ɫһߣһˮҲ׷ɱں󷽡
ݣ
뿪أҪɭ֣󷽰̶Ľ
תͼʮ޼ڵӣȥٶ̫ˣһ޼Ԯˡ
ɭ֣ѵԼڽһ۵ˮǴˮδ볯˷
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һӺն
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ָһ۵棬ȥʮ֮ɺ󷽣͵͵һжʱ𺳡
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ˮһͷǧ
Ǻɫſˮ֮ȥӴϼʮˣмպƵ˿ڡ
޼ڶʮ֣һΪͬ鱻ԵһˣڰӺ£һͬ߷齣һʱʮ齣ֶԽΧɱˮ
˿ˮƺʶǿһɨ´󲿷
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ʮ齣ҲûˮȻδˣҲˮߴʧȥƽ⡣
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ˮΧ齣ͷǧǿ齣ƴȥ


99 ҵ
ȻӣͻȻͷų⣬һĹâһһ߳ɫɽն

ݣ
֮еķɽȻȼճ֨֨Ļ潣齣ڸ߿ͻȻŤγɼɾ˵Ļ潣зɽطںˮ
꣡
Χʮ޼ڵӣҲͷ󺹣ԽԪ߶£Ƹ齣סˮ
Щӵǰ۵ʱܵλˮ齣赲ɲֱȼսУ泯˷䣬Χγɰȼսȼա
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ܿˮʹ齣ɽ׼ˮʱʱ̷̿͹ǹɽ𣬼ˮȼգյƤڿʼ䡣
ִ֮󷽣濴һĻ޷ƽϢôһӰ飬벻ǿ̫ˣ𡭡һԽ鱦ǿ汦˵Ϊѳڳأӵء
ʿǿߣҲ޼ڣĵһ汦ͷųĵӡ
ΪսܾãϾ˫ˣư޼ڵʵԳԽˮǴڷһ˫ȼճһɨһȼպľ
޼ڡס
ȻˮһţȻ˵ˣƲֹ棬ежڷë
˶Ըˮߣһߴ˻𣬾Ӱ鼱ȵصճХ
ϧˮֻˣҲܶԸġõˮʬ壬һûϣ
Ͻһ鵤޼ڵӺɭֻ֣ƺףԷһҲûɣ˼䣬渺渺
ʱŴŵӻһõʮӣһֱȼ׹󣬴󲿷ֶˮߡ
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ܴ󷽣˽¸ÿ鵤Ϣ죬˾Ϳʼɢ뿪ƺҸڣһʧھ
֮Ҫ뿪Ѱһû֣ΧҲǸֺء
Ҿҵܣʱһˣ㲻ܳΪǿߵĵӣҲÿšǿͻΪҪһ㣬ԼһС
Ӳݴ֮пһյأ׼ԴгСƬֱú«װ£ٹϪˮһˮϡͣʱɡ
Ǵ߶޼Ǿʼʮһ˲Ҫѣƣһľ飬ڶӵиԴ
ʱʱӿƣ춼Уˣͺȼں«֮еˮС
һ֮ţʮ޼Ǿϵ޼ֲһλá
ºһɢ¶ϲΪʮڰλóɹΪ޼࣬١⡢ӣһʢΧĻ䡣
ΰԸоȫƺռ䶼仯٣ϸҴı仯һʱ仹Ǹܣδֻ֪е޵ϣӦڱ仯ھǳ࣬ͻҲҪʼɽˣ
ֺ˲ˮԺӿ֣ɫϾʿ٣֮ǰǡ֡ͻƻԪԼȹһ֡Ԫɷڶǡַ硯ӦñȵһĶࡣ
˫һϣһ֣ʩչ־߶ԪΪӿΧʮദ޼һѪʢĻ䣬Ԫ뵤ںһȫʼڡ
ﵽһ̶ȣаտΧԼԪʱŰճ˲صԼ·ߣСԪͨӿ֮С
µڸһʮһͬʩչȫԪ̼ͷţڵⲻӿհճزطţԪʼӿ롣
ԴȪҲ޷Ƶλһ̣Ӧ಻ӿ죬Ҳҡ»ζ
ԪڶԪƿ£ԪΪӿ֮ٶȺԽԽԭ֮дǱҲԳסԪĳҲΪʿ޵õزصԭ


100 ַ
ഫһ֮УһԽسоҪǿ˺ѣʹ̫ʵһʼŤһ¶
زعȻףʹ಻˵Ԫӿ̻޷ƿأֻܿԪܸӦԼռ䣬Ԫͼ򵥶ˡ
ҺһôԴ
һ鵤ϵ̽ڣҩͳͳ룬Ҫһš
ΪԴͲҪˣһſ鵤¶ɣԪӿٶڼӿ죬ڲһϸСҲʼͨԪӿ࣬ٴӿһӿȫ
ͨһһոµĿʼ֮࣬ԴǴ߶־޼ࡣ
ԪٶԽԽ죬ﵽ޼ٶȡ
һͻȻһǿ֮Ҳ֮һȫʱϮ˲ʧȥӦ
ܿһԪͷţӦ벻ӿԪ
Լ뾪ϲԪ˵ҳɹزأϧȻӵеزأȻ޷ȥزأֻõزسΪ洢Ŀռ䣬˵֮У֮ӵŵ֮⣬ӵеزصʿ᳤꣬˵һѪҺ
Ԫд֮ͷţΧ޼Ԫ໥ӦϧֻܸӦһֻ֣̤һͻƣܽӦزؿռ䡣
ֻӵһĿռ䡣
һǻԪ䣬һͻزػٴ֮ܵ˲ءزءȫ´ɱ䣬ˣ
˷ְ֮Χɭɭ֣Ȼƽͻƿ˲Ԫ
һ˲ؿռԪѱ߶֮һ޷Ԧʼӿͬһɰ˿ɢա
ٹãԪӿ֮УһѹϢϷ͸һЩӺ֮гĺɫҲƬ֡
̧ͷƳȥɫָߴγ״̬֦Ҷʵû֦׷۶ϣҶѩӰ׹£ֱɫ𿪣·һڼӿɫٶȡ
ϹſٵЩǿߣ֮пʿʿΪﵽӦ߶ȣؽѻѰϢ
ٵһԪɷǵһֽȼյĺɫ壬ǳ죬£ʱһЩɷƤ˲ͽƤˣһ޷ɽٳɹɷֱӽʿɱģ齣֣һֵܵڶַ硣
Ҫˣ
վóָȻٿȻһΣ齣ɽ齣һĽ˸

Ҳ׼Щ鵤¶ԸٿĲʵԴҲռܴ˭Ҳ֪ٻá
һϷֻʣ°أïʢͱɫ籩ɣɫγɵķ籩ԽԽѩתٶȺǾˣڸ߿γɼ׳ĺɫٷ籩
ٷ籩֮еַ磬ٶȴɫγȼУȻһֻ޳ĺɫգȻ͵ˣ·أΧһˡ
ˣһϷ֮ǽţǳЦԪע齣ֲַԼ׳ķ籩жٻһЩ𺳣оȻ֮Ƕô
ݡ
齣עԪɶྪ˵ĽƣͬʱһӰҲ֡
ڲԪԼֱ֮ɲͬһ𣬻ӳ齣ž˽һ߿ַɱȥ
žžž
תַнɲγĺоַոƣѹýƲϼ׹¡
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ַһνӴʹж齣ʱɾ˵Ľƣһһɱ׹ַ磬һַиͷϷʼ͵Ľи
濴һ㽣ÿһиַ磬и֮ںɫַ֮¾˵Ļǣγɻ棬оƤȫģʹ˺ʹ
ַ赲ڰգٺɫɱΧɢһÿôϺ飬κֲҲΪ¶ʯҲγɴˡ


101 ̤ٵز
ƻֲ˹Χʿмӵп־ʿ٣ͻ־ѹȡ

һӳַ磬ȥʱͷ󺹣ӰҲܵӰ죬е͸ŵɫɫӽƵҲˣôʱĵԪݵġ
һַ磬ڸ߿Ȼо˵Ƴȣ֮ǰһֲ׹ѹɱһԪʿ
濪ʼ鵤¶Դóһŵҩ麹ֱðĿȻڶֱȵһԪɷʱ䳤ҲԹȻõ֤ʵʿÿ̤һո¾磬Ҫʱ䡢Դ͸࣬ԺлԽԽѡ
˲ԼȫԪֻʣ֮ǰ֮һһڲϴ߶齣齣ǾƷ鱦ԶԶԽΪʵ߶أҪԪҲȻ֮ࡣ
ɵҩ֮󣬸о΢΢Щǽ߶ҩͬʱٴδ߶䣬ץһͷʬ壬ִ߶齣ֿʼʬ壬һԪע齣һ߶޼ʼʬ֮Ԫ
սʤٵʤֶΣҩԴֻʱԵҩ޷Ԫ齣Ҳֻܸ޷ԪԪʿǿ֮ʴʬڲԪζɽٵڡ
Ԫʬ֮У˿˿۰ӿģʱ徭Ѫ֮Уֿٱ뵤޼ٶԽԽ죬Ԫӿ˲ءԼȫѵ棬ΪԪԴʱĿԽԽ壬ɫҲ糣
ȻַһȼջǣΧѻΪ׷İգ˸һƬƬӰ
䡭
ֹʱͻȻоӳĽƣʧ̧ͷϲַڼ¿ɲǣǽַն飬ƬҲǺɫ籩֮׷ɢ
Ϸ߿ЩɫҲʧַ罥ɢȥһƨ£齣֮Уֻץסʬ壬Ȼڲʬ֮еԪ
飡
ڲȻ𶯣ͬըңһѪҲȫͷţ漱æһ鵤Լһ¶ں˽ˮ
ȻըѪĽƤĴһҺ壬ͫҲѪֻܶʲô޷ƣֻԴһӻԪ
ƺ֮лٵ־Ϊڰд֮оȫ䣬ͷˣһɹɺϢӽŵסȫƤͷӿڡ
һδεشӽŵ׳ִӵɢȫִͷŵףԴһظһΡ
ʱΧճһѪ彥һ԰ף亹ֱðͬһ
벻Ԫܾ˵زڸоҪƵģȫûһԴ
ԸԳ̤ȥӦԼץ鵤ʼ̷һŵҩֱӾڰǰټ졣
½ˮٴδˬһˬٴδ߶޼ʬ֮ȡԪ
ý죬ɫָʱ̥ͬǣо߰ͷ߽ףĺǿ࣬Ƥ˿͸ɫ
һͲѰʿ¶ݣЦݿΧִһϲԭԼĶ֮ǰһˣԿɭڲľҲܴһ֮⣬һЩĶǰ֮κζӲӦ
˫һϴ߶־ؿΧգ벻һ˿˿һƬƬϢۼֻΪ׷ӿΧ
ʿȸйԶԶԽԪȻ٣ܿĸԶĸ֮ܿеȻˣֲõֿҵҵλá
ٿ˲ءزأʽͻ֮Ӧûزشɱ䣬һҲӵеزء
־ΪΧ벻ֳɣһɽϤ¸һɿʼӿš
淢ֵţ΢΢һಿλ֮ƤһɵѪɫ
̫Ѱϸ룬ŻȻؿڹ󣺡ʿеġ֮⡯
֮ӵеززֵһ֮Խǹâǿң˵ʿ֮Լزظǿ֮Ҳжһʿı׼
׹ͼ鿴˲ء


102 ˮ
ԼȻԪʱһЩӦ޼Ĵڣ˲ؿռ䲻٣Ӧ˲ռ䣬аٲ⡣
޼˲ؿռ䶼õ˱仯ϡΧ޼˲࣬ڲ͸źǿҵԪڲʱϡܸӦһһҵԪؿռ䡣
ǵزء
˲аٲĿռ䣬ززŽһСҪŴУزؿռҲﵽٲڿٵزسɹҲһʿ
ֻϧ̤ĸйޣݹ޼Ǿ˲ءزءӵеԲأӵĪ֮ܡ
Ԫ޵˲ءزأֻ忪ٳأӵص
ͬȥٸңԶǳҪһ磬Ѷȿ֪
ؿ΢΢֮⣬ҲǸıһʿʵĻͬϣжɽ٣ӵиߵ֮⣬ʹʥ̥ǡ
˿ֿ̽İصؿ纹ëƵĹ
һ鵤Ȼ־߶£ΧƼɿȻ׷ӿ¸š
޼ڣһɽ֮С
磬浽ûУ
ȻѱһԪܴǽֽⲻǳ˵Σ
һɽׯڣɽׯɽǰһ̲羵СΧ羰续ʤա
ԺڣͼȼڵȴһᣬֽˣͷߺȻǽҪԱ¬
¬ʦ֣Σӭӡ
¬ɫÿˣոսʦִϢȥӰ˽⣬õϢȷȥִ񣬶ʱδš
ͼ󺧣òҧô˵ǽλ֣Ȼûн
λֵһֱʧȥϵ֪Ҳ治Ƕ֡Ҳһʧȥϵٵȵȣλֵи̣ӴԺҽҪĵˣǽʦҲý֮ˣ֮֡
磬û
¬˵꣬һŮ¬h˳˫ɶԣ֮¬ͻʽȻͬ
ܵĪģʦŬӹ֮еһˣҲյĵһӡ
¬ϽһƳȻվӭh˾Ͳἰй֮ǰ°֡

һ֣һȻһ֣Χɢȥһͻ벻׼ԴĴ룬ֵڽѰԴʣҵþȫƴأ֮ϵľΪͨ쾳
ͨ쾳ǳأһ޳ɣʿӵϾʿĸҲ޷ӵأʿͲأԪΪ֮֮⡢ѪȵӡӾӵϵʿ
Ԫͨ쾳֮·⣬Ӧûиѵľң֮󲻵ĺѩԼڣҲǱ½ȫ׵ʢգҶҪһ£ֻгΪǱ½ǿߣҲվʦͬĸ߶ȣȥʵ硣
齣
֮΢΢ͷĵز֮Ԫͷţָ֮еĴɲһ⡣
齣£˫һϣ齣ڿն𣬵һɸ֮󣬱籼һٶȣ̤齣µʪ
գڻԪҲǿͻ֮ͱɲ١
ǷǳѣԼһ֮󣬱㽫齣ڵ汼Ҫ뿪޼ڡ

ԽһƬ֣˿̴ҷͻȻζͣһȺϷɶ
Ҫ·֮ʣ벻һͷͷԳҲ֮еɣΪ־ߡ
ԳޣԺҲΪޣֹһһȺߣ
䡭
˲ѰǽҲǺ棬֮£֮ȫȻҷһײ֮춯˲ʧҲֺ֮ӡ
ӲѰȻһսӲȻȻ֮ź˼һδһӰ
κǰһײСĲɺ̽ͷһɲӸ־㵡
ԭǰһΧкܶһˮҶɶˮ봦ֻ໥ɱһֻ߻йһ֮ԵĹˮ


103 ˮս
һֻ໨һֻ׻Χ߿塢ٶȱˮһأ߹ٶҲȥ໨ʱʱĶҺһ˵ˮǸö񭡣
˫սڽ״̬Ȼһʶ˻׷򸾣Ǻúݡ
ˮ
Сȥ벻һβסˮ໨Ҳ˵ˣˮʵǣôҲָǷ򸾣Լ̰ģƽʱǷ򸾲ΪУ㱻޼汦ˣǷѹʱ򡣡
һһ۰׻߲ס
ľʹˮҹܵǣƣ޷ֻ֮ɲŹ˻ᣬҧˮͷԼ
˫һҪָһˮʤҶԵõʬ
ȣԭߵ棬׳ŵӼһһֻ﷢֣Ҳˡ
һȾһҹ˫߻ɱ˵ڶ죬Ȼһ𣬶ˮѱֻǯƣ޷
ֻͬ߹Ҳ׳֣ˮ˵Ȼһڡһҧˮӡߴ硣
ˮģ˵죬ڱƣ໨ҧȻӶһĻˣ໨߾Ȼһ齣Ȼûںϣҧסˮͷʼһؽʬƿ
ൽߴ粿λͻȻ¶һһԵȴȵİ׻һڿ¡
ˮûڰУȴΪͬѪ졭ɱ¾ԶѪȡ
ôǧϣѿǻΣΪĴֻˮֱðһѪӲݵˮݣһӲӰ
Ȼڵȴ󲻼жһڰղŷ齣Ծˮʬϣˮʬһû󣬹ƻҪܳ档
һģֻһ˸߲ҵվԭˮ¸ȡһȭͷС飬ǰһħҪһȦȻˮΪܾˡ
ǧʬȻҲǱϧռֻһɣ޷ʬȡСˣƤˣˮҲ߶һˣ
ʱץ齣Ϊӿʱ䣬þƷ齣ʼΪˮƤ²⡣
ܿ쳹ױȾ죬ֱȥһѪܵʬ󣬶ͷԳȻӸߴˣƻʬ
ͨƷ齣ʮ鵤ԼһЩԼʮԪʯǧˮĽǡƤ߶ԴַḻȻϼɽ⼸齣ףһЩռĵá
о뿪ϢһƷͣϼɽȥ
죬һͻصϼɽ˶ӭӣµһˡ
ͨ죬֪ʱ䣬ҲȡüжҷͻϮɱؽԴӶһգΧҽõļһǺɨһ塣
вңԼ壬ЭһŮӣ»˵ңȻѪϴһ塣
׳Ҳȥĺ֮ǣĸԼͻĺϢ֪䣬϶齣ԼʯԪʯŮЦݡ
ؼҲñĸٴδǱ𣬼ֻص޼ڣ沢δնܶߡ
ˮ飬Դ
׹Ƕ󷨱泩޼磺޵޼󷨣һҾͿԴⶴߣϢĽ޼磬Щĵӿռ侪УϸԴ֮δزܳأΪͨ쾳ǿߡ
һ鵤ǿʢ״̬֮УֻΪ״̬
һͷѪɫϢ飬˫֮仺֣һǧ飬̺ǧΪ
ҼȻӵеزأ࿪ٿռ䣬ǲǾͿԴиӦĴڣˮ飬ôҵ״̬ǲֻһ̬
һ˼ڴץģԪ߶顣

һκ֮Ȼһ
ˣ漱æϢ߶֮Ҫ߶֮޷Ӧ֮Ĵڡ
һ俪ٵزأɻ޷Ԧ֮


104 ٴ
ָоʲô֮˲䵹沶׽򽣬һصһӿұۣĿⶼϵٶȣͻȻðӣϢ
򽡣
ѹϢٶȾ𾪵ش򽣬ڱϿӰӰʲôҲ

֮ǧˮ飬Ǳɾһģص
ийԼԪӿ֮У΢΢ܸӦһЩ磬Լ翵ĵزؿռ䣬ûиӦĴڡ
͸һɰ޵ɢ䣬ӿ޼ԪںϣԸоһԪڻ
Ȳش߶־ȻΪӰͻȻΪħٴδ߶ʱȴȻǵħûгˮ״̬
ǹˣѵˮ飬ûд仯
֮ʣĹȻһԭʱԼĵħƣϾȻһԳ򣬶ҼǳϤ
ͫٿȻŴ羪κڱߣб仯ˮûֳħȴһˮĳ򡭡ѵǵħˮںһ𣿡
˾̾Ϣֱţ侲ٴħԼħ󲿷ֶˮҲĪǵħˮߵˮ飬ľߵʴˮƾֱħںһõħ̬˱仯
ħˮںϣ͵ӵз齣ȻиֲֶͬڽԷǽ齣ʩչħˮҲǲ࣬߶࣬ջںϡ
򽻹⣬ϧҲֻҴǿơ
ٴ߶־ħ͵߶ȣΪһ⣬ȴɶߣ͵һǵħϸϸһȴһߣֻ߳һԳ
һųһ飬ı仯Ҳֳֻһһƣʵˮ飬ֵֻħһԭ򡣡
ŪˣΨһźǣȻӵּƣĿǰ޷
ΪʶҲ޷ȥоܣֻպǿܿܡ
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һ󣬸йĸԶǸйټ࣬һ۵ĸо΢΢ӦԪ࣬ȫԪΪ
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105 
ȼˮһ𽥻ָһЩ𽥶ǺɫӶǡ
һһƽ˫ֺʮ䣬ҵĸйڵĸӦҲһЩҿԿپ磬о뺣ûоͷҸо΢ģһڸҸоޱ޼ʣͻ䣬ʵõһոɱ䡣
䡣
ٴͻһ磬Ҿһ¾ˣȻⲻŬԭҲΪԴûԴ־޼ҲҪͻһݡ
ԴʿľҪԡ
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ʮӡӿӰΧХӡӶ˫ۣʱΪȭͷʱΪָӡѿ޼ժַ仯
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Ϊһǿһ쳹޼󷨣ôҶȥãҿԴ߶󷨸ı޼磬ʱʲô𡢳ʦ¬ҪǾͱ
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˵޼ժѼס·޼ǾһŹ޼ľѧ޼ʩչΪԪ󷨡
Ԫ޼ǾһѧʩչŹҪһӵ޼ξǻ޼ǾûߣκһС
ճ޼أԪʽֻҪ޼ǾԼ޼֮ϣȭ·ӡʩչĪ⣬Ҵ߶޼ʬԪʵԪ󷨣ŲöãҾ޼ھѧʱ޼ھǲ䣬к˴޼Ǿ֮еԪֶΣ޼ڴӻԵǧһͳ½
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ҵĹԹԣԪ󷨹Ȼ޼Ǿ߶޼ԪԦķʽʬԪٶȣʮһԺһʬü죬ʱɡ
ʮָӥצһ㣬ԵץסʬϷ׽Ӧʬ֮󣬴߶Ԫ󷨾ͿʼʬڵԪ

ŹһᣬʬԪҲղʱһαƣǵѪɫ֮⡣
ʬأ濪ʼɣܷɣ
ӭһ𶯣ͻ֮ӽŵӿ뵤ַϯӾӵﵽ˲أִ˲ӿٳԼزͻ֮ȫһֱһδε˺ѡ֮С
Űʧʱ΢΢֮Ҳʧ۵棬ƺܿһſɰ˷ɰʹĪ⡣
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ͻ䣬йٴνȻͬ·ܴӦ֮Ĵڡ
˿ʬ봢䣬εҡҡͷʬҲûˣ鵤¶Ҳֻ࣬ʣֵ취õԴԴ޼УҵĲܼͻƣҪü²ͻһ磬Դﵽ۷塣
Уһ鵤ͷ鵤ʣţΪ鵤޷̤䣬¶ҲʣһΣھܽˮ
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뿪ɽ˭֪ͻȻһɲͬ籩
漴̻صһɽɽ֮ϣҲֻв׾룬룬ǶԻһ֮ɳ綯յòࡣ
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ڰçԭû˵ɣǿԶԶԽɽյأҲǱ½յ֮һӶǰȥ
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벻ײܣ滳ϲĽӡ޼뿪ܶߣ뿪޼ڡ
һǣϳ齣齣䡢ԴˣԼˮһҲ˸üǮʮ鵤¶
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107 غڰçԭ
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ϢŶڼڰçԭضƮСꡣ
ݸ鼮¼ڰçԭ겻ͣҿҴԵѹָУԼԦȻҲѣ鼮صĶȻģڰçԭȻ棬ʿӦ
ԶԶźڰأûԥµټڰçԭ
ԼҰɫɽɭ֣˺󷽣ʱʱ̿̿־綾ֲһЩ޿ӹ¬Ҳöޡ
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Գǰɭһһɽƶ֮ЩײϣڵһȾǽһӡĶڲֹ廹ʵԽˮ
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ʯһЩġ
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108 ɽħ
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ҾӦˣʦֶΣ˵ǻڡǧǰӡ֮أҲ֪˵أǸŽǸˣֿɽΪӣ޼ڻ˭ǣ
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񱳺в֪ܵܣҵакĿģ
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ڵºΧϿȰѰһֱȻδ˿ټ뿪ϿȣΪºھȻðһͷʵˮǿˮߣϿҲޣһɲǶ֡
ڳ֮ʣһǰһĵϿȣǰɱӰϲ
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ʿһץ˷Цűڵĺ棬һ԰Ͽ
ϣѹƶ޷ͷšҺӵо綾һӿڡ֮е棬ڴ߶ԪοԪûá
ԼһǿУҲ
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һδγԣȴͻȻоڵϣͷѣȻһ춯벻ǰĺһɢ󲿷֡
ͫٿȻ¶֮ɫԼԪʱΪľη
һѪܵİռ䣬϶ʬ壬ԼʮߣԱ߻ĸͬӡʿ
ʬ廹ұָ֮һʵߣץʿ
һͷɢӣͻȻ֣ѪͫɨΧ룬һ𣬴ʬΧƶ
ɽ˿̿ճɿռ䣬Ѫͫһ۹ɢ벻һŽѮͰ͵
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һһȻȻԼٶȣԽٱ
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֮⣬벻ٱӡʿʬһ棬Է˵ĻֹȻһɷ


109 ˰ħ
պɽħܻΪ̣εΪε˵Լֻпͨ쾳ʵһлᣬװ׵ַӡ֮µ沢δʱػаע⣬³ֻһ
˼һοʼչǲܵģҲȥ澳벻Ȼܳס
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ںһεѪȥǰɢΪһѪɫ䣬һεѪںһꡣ
ѪɢһЩԼһɿ⣬ּаһ֮ӿɭɭĺɫϢ֮ʮʬ壬ľʬΪһ飬ֱƯѪɫ֮⡣
˰ħħͷҪʲô䱻ѹǧ꣬һգҲӵгԽԪԼ
Ҳܱ⣬ʬ屻ɫϢƯһںϾаѪԼںϢѪɫ֮⡣
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ĤһЩѪ𺳵ؿħͷӡһεοʼȼջ棬ôһѪȴһɾ˵Ѫɫ档
ϸһƳһ̴Ӿа˫ۡ壬ðһѪɫֱһɹѪɫ棬ħͷڵĻ棬һӽһɶѪɫȼ
˰ħҺɽħŵһ󷨣㱾ֻͨ쾳ʵȻܴ߶Ѫ֮ͷѪħӦÿڼ֮ڣʮʬգѪ
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ȼյѪɫڣһȼ渽һƳ亹ֱðԭϷǾʬ壬ȼѪѪɫ濪ʼȼʬ壬ʬ˫֡˫Ѫɫ֮£һȼճɻҽ
ϡһЩѪ˿ȼջҽ֮ӿѪɫ룬ΧʮȼѪ˿룬һСȼѪΡ
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һĻ˼άٵת÷ӡɴ߶֮Ԫħӡѹƣ޷뿪䡣
÷ӡǲˣ֪֨֨һȼŵһȥв֮ɫ˲仯Ϊϲԭ󷨵Ѫɫ棬ȼʬ壬ӡʬķӡ벻Ѫɫӡ
ԭħѪǻͬӡʬһͬȼճɻҽɲܵȵѪչַӡɶһЩԼԪ΢΢ͷų⣬ǲܴ߶齣
޴ӡҲԾаԱ߾һʬ壬ڲҲӵԪסķӡʼɶֿԴ߶Ԫβ߶Ԫ󷨣Կܲշӡ֮ټʬҾͿԽԽǿȻٴ߶齣ɱ󷨡
һͷںԺ
߶޼һЩɫԪ֮⣬˫־ţİסӡ
Ԫ󷨣

˫Ʊų͹ӡⲻ㹥ֻưˣֻ֮һ죬澪ϲķ֣˫շӡ֮շӡӡһֳŲӡЩطӡɢ
ԪãɷӡӦаħ֪֮󣬻᲻Ӱ죿ڱҪڿͨķӡʩչԪԱʬԪ
ѿ֮ʧӡƶһЩٴ߶Ԫ󷨣һӡպһʬ壬ʧֻΪһӦʬ벻ɹؽԪġ
һ̷ӡ֮ʿ֮ӿڣӡǰѹȶȼѪѹ£Ҳиӡʧ
̫Сħͷ󷨣δȫпܴӡ֮ʣʬ屻ճɻҽħȭͷСѪˮ
ѪɫͻȻ渽һʬӡգѪʼӿ塣


110 ħ
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ʬһȴڱѪƤѪ֮£һػΪҽһЩѪ˿ӻҽ֮г֣ԭȻҪħѪˮ
ڷʬȻѪ˿ı䷽򣬴һǣԪһġ
ҲһĻҲ˲ʲôѪѪֻвʬŸǿпһߡ
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ŻǵѪ˿֮ԭΪӵħķӡ֮һһĿҪϢһ̣оȫѪ·Զһů汻սѪ˿벻ˮһӽȫƢӿѪ뾭
ѽ֮ʣħѪյѪ˿ʱ͸һɵĽѪϢҲ԰ð亹һҲѪɫ
ȫѪڽ硢Ѫ⡢֮пһԪҲͬƵģʼһȫС
ѵħʿų⣿ֻѪȼյѪ˿ֱ仯ڷӡδʧҾͼգҸоôжҾն١
ϴȻЦݣϴ߶־޼ʩչԪ󷨿ٵշӡȼնŻǵѪ˿
Աʬһ룬γɵѪ˿жʬڡ
ٿ棬͸ŵϢѪɫ󣬶ԱʬҪһգѪ𲻶ϱƽ֮ʣ˫ͫȼżħһѪ𣬿ʼ߶һͷ齣״ӡӳȥ
ô£
ȫ߶־һԪӿͻȻ޷ƣ˫Ƥ֮£һ֮У͸ؿʺѪҺһ֮з
ֹ˫ۣٿš¸˫ֺԸһѪɫ磬ۿȫѪ
࡭
һɾ˷֣鿴ʧȥƵԭʱ֪оѪȻӿ֮С
Ϊڳ࿪ٳزأܶһĸй٣һ̷ǳӦеӿԴͷΪȫѪӿ࣬һһΣ߶һԪڳȫͻƾࡣ
Ҫһ㣬һжԼľ˱仯ͻȻֱ仯
ΪҸоѹȶѪвֻвɴڡ
ٲѪȫ
Ѫ𽫵ʬմ󲿷ֹȴ䲻ķ
ɻ־ϲĿ⿴ԾаѪٿ壬ȻǿԷʬѪ𣬶ԼûһвֻΧǿֲ˰ħȻ޷
ѪƺûвңҲͬṥϵķӡʵȻ޷ӡ
ѹȥ죬˭Ҳ˵аἴ̻ȻѪȼյѪ˿ޱ泩оڴͨҵ岻䣬ҾͿһЩһѪˮ˵һɹգҾܴﵽ۷塣
ȻѪ𣬿ѪҲٷһӡ޷黹Ӳȥ
ڷӡ룬ҲԿ壬Ȼһ㿿ȼյ󷨡
ԾаһѪΪӵǰ濪ʼʩչȫ߶Ԫ󷨣һһԶӵڴСѪˮħԼȼѪҲûֹ
ͣ
һ˿Ѫ˿ʼѪ֮а룬СԼë߲֮࣬ɫѪ˿˳ӡ֮У˿ȫ߶Ԫ󷨱״̬
ͬʱҲעѪ˿֮ʲô仯ָһѪɫѪԱ֮ǰ˵ٶȿʼӿ嶼Ѫɫ
𺳵ͬʱҲ˿ȻϣѪ
ҲھƿΧϢȻԼ˰ħĺɫħΪ˻ʲô

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˼䶼űѸʹؿڣһɾ𶯣Ȼ֮͸
벻ʱɷӡ󷨡ȻѪͻ䣡
ɲѪشͻƣϲʱգͻ֮ϯȫƵ˲䣬ֻžžһ飬벻ͻƵķӡ˲顣
ӡûˣҲζָɣ֮࣬ϧʱߣҪͻơ


111 ͻ
Ϊӿٶȣ鵤ʱֿʼѵش߶Ԫ󷨣ǰѪ
Ѫ΢΢ǣֱͻƵģ벻Ѫ壬Ҳӿͻ֮ĳһʱͰһּ硣
Ҳˣ
ͻȻֻ洸ȭͷ嶤Ŀ⿴ǰѪˮʮʬںǧ;а̶ʱͻ䣬Ҫȥͻƣڽʱ佫ѪһգͻԵܾҪһѡ
ھа̶̲һͻһ磬ɱ䣬Ѫһأ
ͻ֮Ӧزءı仯ֲܷӡӶ˫֣ؿʼ̰ħ֮еѪ
һӿѪɫâȫɼĴѪѪбڣѪִ֮ھаµѪ治Ѫ֮УҲھ֮ҲһЩѪĻǱ䡣
ҲΪһɽƵģΪѪˮ鵤оھаѪԼûʲôвȻ׳ŵӣʼȼѪ
һѪѪڣãϴɻǳԵѪ
֮ѪɫϢҲʼȼվ˵Ѫɫ棬ɻ治ħͷѪɫʺɫ
ѪԼʼһڿգɵ鵤ڻһա
治ɵҩҲΧӿĸħȻѪѪһ̵һɣԪԽãԽֵ

Ȼֲһ죬Χħ桢Ѫˮӿ״̬£ͫȼգͻȻһ
֣֮֮ҲûָʶͻȻоȫ߶Ԫ󷨣Ѵһ״̬
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䣬ԭһ֮ڣͻһݡ
ͻ֮ȫ𵴣Ѫʱ״̬ܿѪԸٶһЩ⡢֮зǻһĴ飬оһһεıը֮С
ͷҲðһ̣ʱһѪˮȭͷСȻµҩͻ֮ڳֿʼ߶ԪǵѪ
һ̵ħо岻֮ǰǰɭ䡢ǿʮȼյѪ𶼲ٺȼա
оһˣ󲿷һա
һʱ̤棬ͻƽһδɱھаĸ
ȻԼҲΧȻԼҩ֮ˮһδ£ȫԪһС
Ȼһ棬仯Ҳ˿ֲûϵҲ޷סھа
һһʱ䣬죬һ̵棬ͻȻһͫ
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䣬̶̼죬Ҿʹ䲻ͻı䡢䣬̤䣡
һͻƣͻٶȷ޼ڣ޼ǲܴڵġ
巢ͻ֮ȫ飬ǣҲѪͬˡ
̫żҲżھа֮ǰһգλԵͰװ״ˡ
ͻƽֿʼɲҴСѪԼΧѿϨѪ
ˣһ㡭
һɨΧϡﶼ̰ɫ󣬲ȻԼʣµҲʼһͻ֮󣬸Ӧڱ仯
ոճй벻Ϊ
ΪԪ󷨴ӿѪҲȫӿ֮УʱȻģؿһѪ档
̤䣬ҵĸйٹȻ࣬޼Ѫ棬ôģϸһ棬һӼӼ
ģ棬֮ͫбŵȼ⣬ԺְϵĲӼˣǽİϣںһʱ䣬ҲͻƣΧ֣оӼѪںһѪɫӼӼֱ࡭
ְⷢϴı仯֮⡣
ٽйѪԪ࣬ܿģһʮռ䡣
زؿռﵽʮ´洢ԪͲһǰ㣬Ҳһ֡
ʣһգ
״ִ̬δй泩һδ߶־ӿ󷨡ѪѪ


112 ׷
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ǽȫÿһԲͬٶȡʽоһͬľҪһӰ롢ϡ
һ̣޷һ޷壬ֻܿÿһڲּÿһѪ⡢Ѫ𽥻ΪѪɫ

ۿ֮ʣɽ棬֪жԶһһʶ춯
ѵ͵̧ͷ
һΡκ
ಣ
һѪɫӰǱɽǾа϶Ѫоˡ
ҵġҵı˰ħ󰡣аɽھʣ²ɣԼΧһħ󷨣ôѪľѪָʵСӡ
һŭֻֿƯڰգһ棬аȴһѪѪߡ
а
ͬʱҲٴλҲʲôѪߣƴʣһѪˮץȥ

Ҫ֪ԵĿǻ˼ǧϹֹ֣ӵģ涯һаһ̵Ĺ˳ͬʱһħ
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ħӣٶȾ֮ϣħɣ󷽵ľаȻΪһƬħʵӰؾΧֻصħ֮ϡ
⣬󷨣ѪӿղŽһغϣȫǾаĶ֡
ԷʩչΪӰ״̬ƾΧϤĺ̷ӡΪƬ󷨣ѽС
аƯڵѪ֮ϣŭɶض棺ԭСӣʱץס㣬ǸӴħķӡס󲻵û˰ħľѪӾʣôһ㡣
治һˣ󷨾Ϳʼţȵȣ侲аӣҿ³㣬һ·
㿪ЦǰɣѪߣһѪߣӻŹ㣿ӵĶ㻹˵³ңˣҲͲˡ
ʲôѪߣ
㲻֪㻹ӵľѪԼѪ𣿡аƯڰգӲһջ
ݣ
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үүģҺ˻һֱ׷ӲšаʱͻȻΪһħӰʣôҴСѪֱץΧʣµѪҲһ롣
ڨڨطħϴЦһģ
ƾҪǿ֣֮ȻɤӴħ־
ɶСӣһҪɣհռѪʡаףȫΪ󷨡
Ϊ޷֮
ͻȻץ齣ڶԷץħ󣬻Ϊħ̵Ĵ֣Ҫһ֮ʣ߶齣һն
أ
ƾаħ£ƾˣ벻ȫһ齣ڰսħ𿪡
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˱ãǿ󣬾Ʒ齣壬ֻһǳǳĽˣߵĻұȻ֡
һң͵ؽҳ
ϽˣóһЩݣҲһۣʱҲԶһ󶯾
˿ӰͻȻɽħպαװһӵ棺ˣ
̧ŸϽɳɽ
ɽ֮⣬ȫʶ·ǰ޼һռ䣬ŴҲŸͷʲô
ħͷ汦ˣץסˣ
ȻԽ֮һħӰǰӹ֮УǼӰ׷
ʱ޼ʿҲ׷ҵ棬߲ԥϽȥ
йٶ󣬿һʿʵҲ࣬⻹ã¬ȸ֣Ҫȥ׷ɱаȻĻԼùˡ
ö忪ĵѨ
ԼڴԼ磬ǰһޱ£²ƽڡƵʯѨܿУڲӦͨһͷ˽ȥ


113 һͬ
ڲ
ȥ׷ֲǴħͷǸϽȥѰħͷűʦֵˣǻлץס
׷ˣһʯѨƫƫ
ʯѨ罣ݵͨȥʯͨͦģ˺ԽԽ󣬻һϿȣ˿ҵһҰʯ
Ȼָƣ״̬ٳȥһ鵤ͿʼΧ˿̸оǿտѪԪӿ۾ʱƺҲܿ
С˵
Լ󣬸һӰȻǾа϶˸ƣΧտϿȣҸڸѰұ𣬷ǳ֣һѪߣʧһѪֱñڰָǧΪ
˻һЦһٲݣֶ֪ͨΣӵѪԼħһϢ㻹ߣ
аӿٶȻΪȥ
̣
ٲݴʯ󷽣е棬֪ۿɼľ֮УѪԪ֮΢΢ǺȻ䣬ͻأ
Ѱ֮ʣֿͫʼŴ󣬼æץ齣һʯ֮ն

ʯ֮ϣձײĻ𻨣Լһ㽣ơ
߶ԼԪӿ齣סԾа𣬶ԷҲֳһ齣
Ǹ鷳˸ӵϿҵң濪ʼ죬ԸоԷԽԼ
ߺߣӽҪԶ㣬ôˢӣȻҲֻнͨ쾳ʵԽ㣬ּܼغϡаҲܾȣ͵ϮȻ淢ˡ

аԿ֮ʣͻȻΪһħӰԱһܣˣԷץħӰָӡƴһ˲ʧȥ֪
Ϲ齣󷽣¶һŽѮħԸ㣬СʲôѪУħ׻⡣
ѪУԻѪ֪ģѪڼʱ䣬Ϊʦ綾
ԭ㻹֪ԼѪߣһͨʿôħ޵أظĸ֣ħҲֱɾѪӵѪͨǿ޷һκһ
˵Ķỹ㣬ڶȥк壿㿴һˣʲôɽħǧ꣬ʲôǧžͷҿһͷӡ
Ҫǻ붫Ÿѹǧ꣬컹һСָѹˣСӣѪǱ½ǵһǵڶôܷŹ㣬벻ֹʺˡ
Ҫɱң浱ԼʲôӲˣ޼ժǽ
ԼʲôѪߣֲʮʿаУԼȻɺϣʲôɺϡ
߶޼ǾɲǼ䰵ʩչԪ󷨣޼ժ뽣֮У͵طһ齣Ȼһ˲̳ɾˣ޴ڵĽϹ
޼ڡ޼ժ֣ȻǼ׷ɱϷˣ޼ڵӣ޼ڰˣ벻ڵĵһϢˡ
ֲܼаҲһ𣬵˻Ӷ齣Ҳɫơ
һɲΧףǽݺ
ಣ
ϿһͻȻüӰ
ˣǸӰľ
үүģҵˣϹҲɲǿ׷ɱĸ֡
ӣ
벻һͬðһ֣תϿͬһԨ
ߣħͷԼȥʰЩˡ
޼ڵӣԭǲһġ
˶ܳԾ㿴ңҿ㣬һһ󣬸ϽһͬڵϿԨ
˵֮еѪʹȻͬѰò״Ӽ֪ܣҪڻ붫Щ֮ǰаץס˿⣬һƬƬʸ֮
һں󷽿ӱ׷ͷĽһˣ浫ҲóһߣٶȫԽ¬ˣʱʱ̷̿ǰκټ
⼸ٶԽԽ죬ǰϹ･ֻһԶΧдϿ·Ԩ׷ȥ
ȺС˵
ɳ֮еľаһ󴵺ӵۣͻأվԨ磬ǧǰҲĿһֱעһһ


114 Ԩ
Ҳʱ䰵㣬ˣǰԾΪа޹ء
׷㣬ҿɲ鷳ȥ͸ġ
ԨͷҲ̤齣ҪƵԨ׹ƲƲʮԶľа𣬹һͷԨһˡ
Ϲӿʼһֱ棬˫ʼûдŲ
ΧȻֲִԭԨ֮һɽȣ˸ϽȥаɨһۺǼӰһȣ˭ӵԭ˰ħʮʬ徫Ѫӻָͨ쾳ʵӲƤڶܾˣ
ҪɱңΪܹҲɣٹЩ޼ӣͨ쾳޵ϵľ֣ԶԸǣһɲǶ֡
ӿȥɵ𣿺ٺ٣ͨʿһѪǱҪģ˵޼κα
ţ
벻һëͷСӣô󣬱һͱѹһ˿ʣ
ʵҪɱҲѣαأ涼ʿǵң˵ҲʲôѪߡ
ѪѪѪҺעÿʲͬͨʿǹһѪػѪǿҲ˾Ѫһָ߶ȣѪʲôһҾ֣ʩչĹ޼ھѧĻΪα֪޼һſԿľѧ
㿴ǰʲô
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˽ȵ֣һ·һһ䣬һ̣һͬǰֵĴɫ״ɫĿ⡣
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С֣Ѫʲ¾綾¾а𲻵òͣ²̫뽫ѹߣȴûо԰գʱ䣬ЩҲȻ˺ùӳԡ
ֻһϹӡ֮󣬱ֻΪһƬ̣һӾɽϿա
ĪżūΪаһǶ֡
˲Ϣ󷽼׷ɱûȥɽȵ棬а׷ȥ
ͣ
ɽһ֩֯ţƤð֩ĺɫ̡
Ȼ¾綾Ǿ綾һ̣Ȼʹ࣬һҲ˼һĻ
ڴԼһͨ֩һ֩֯ɵӼ״壬涼ǽӽ˸ߵĺɫ֩룬ֻҪ࣬м䣬һֻ֩ȫ͸һӱȳ˻Ҫ󼸱Ȼһ
øоЩԨڳ˯ӦմǴ͸ҲС
СԵǰһСʱԨ̱Ե÷һ˺ѵѨ΢΢еϽС
ѨڲǵѨݺᣬҺûʲôǵа𲻻׷ŹϽǰˣͲڵѨʼС
ѵ֮
һɻٿȻΧոմ߶־벻һΧ˲߶زء˲ؿռԪ忪ʼϯ
һ֮䣬һصһơһĴڣ֮б֮Ԫȫ
δ޳ɵز֮ǰ߶Ե˲أǴ࿪ʼڵĵزأǹ޵һԴȪࡣ
֮ӵδ֪̫ˣ֮ԪϣҼԦԪӵӦ֣
ԪȻѪϣȫ硢Ѫ֮бߣǰԪԵ޼ΪӦò֮ǡӵеǰ㣬ĪϹ˵Ѫߣ֮ű㣿
Σ΢΢Ӧ֮Ҳɱ䣬ʵٴɱ䣬а֣ôʵӦôﵽ۷壬ʣһʱ䣬ҵóͨ쾳ӵ֮һĸ֡
ȫһ澭ѪԪпӿ治оڿտҲоһ
֨֨
죬Ĥ΢΢ͷһѨ֨֨һϽһԾ


115 צ
ǵѨȻֻּ˸ߵĵԨѰµϢҵ
֨֨󷽵Ѩ޴Ԩγһ֧;ӣԾٶڵѨУ׷治Ϸš
һһɣڷɼʸϽЩԨٶҲʼҲ޷׷ϡ

Ѩ̫ͨ˴һһ֮Уоⶴ߲򵥡

һͻأ춯ӶðϽڰ
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ƾŵӰİ߽߰⣬Զǽ浹ӰĳβͣоѾһǱ½عȻ鴫Ȼһͷ
Ǻ̽ͷȥðһѪɫ֮һֻڵϵĴ档
һֻɫ棬ħһͷʱٴԺһƬоԶݣΪǽɫֻצվʱͷȴģһͷ
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ʱ򣬴ķͻȻһֻֻײеĵԨ
ԭȺС֩űС䡯Ӱ챾һؼУպñˡ

ڲצͻȻһһȦȦɢĶһһצһɫʱеĵطȻƯһɫ
ݣ
ǰȻһѪɫɽһѪࡣ
ѪͻȻƶžһӵԨϴ̴ӣһֻԨȥצһȥ
ȻǣԨһѷצ䶾˿Լ綾þ˵ٶȣһԾ϶һػȥһʯڣѪ๥ºüֻԨ
ŵõԨϽߣצҲ׷ȥ붴Ѩһ
شӰ澹צеĶǿһһɶྪ˵ⱦʯȻǺɫûԥץסɫʼߡ
ô޴һ鱦ʯҲ˲佫봢䣬ƴҲװȥϧ
Ѩ棬һοɲڵ²ţҲ죬аһӦͲ⸽һѨҪƵĿ񱼡
Ƕצ湦
Ҳ֪˶ãͨٵѨԼϿȣһ˼צ׷ɱϾǵԨ׷οǸצ档
ӳ棬צ桢аټյҵңΧ滷ɽҶɽ
ڲһ£һ󼲷ؤǣȻ˷ܣϽɽȥ
ֹһ죬һƬǱչһķ棬ԱȵͼһǺڰçԭһ桯
Ǳ֮γɵķյأ٣һУίʵ£ôȥȻƬ֮дݲ
طչǿֽ֮У֮ȫǺɳһĻҽһЩĽʬǣȻ̫̬֮һκҪ
ѰһϿڲʪһĻҽпٳһɽȻﶼΪҽȻǺܳ㡣
Ⱥ˼ˮ鵤Ȼֲһˣǰҩ͸ȻϡӦҩ͸Ĺ켣Լ
ţѵ޵õزأ֮֮ľ˸ı䣿
Ժ̬һ鵤ҩӿĹ켣ҲܴŸӦ
ΪϾҲԽţڴһ޵أؿø
״̬һʱõز챻ƺҪڲ֮ͻ䡣
оһͷצĹҼǵ˵Ƕ䡣
뵽յȻóһɫ򣬸ոճУĿ⻯Ϊ֮͸һɵ
ڴ֮ͷԪɫ򣬴Լһںӡʵӡ鷳ֻǴַ⣬Ϣǹ켣ӡǶͬ
óӿԪ䣬Ȼ۳һһģҲǳģ̬֮Щһ


116 
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滹йڴӡ뷽ȥ幹⣬ʵǺģǵ֮뵽ˣҴ̬֮жļԦӡǲǿ֮
ȻһƬͷԺ֮
Ǳй𺳣ԺﶼǴеĻ棬һ뵽֮
ɲǴ߶־һħƽ֣һ󣬼˫һϣħƱֻǵһưˣڲûκϢС
һ𣬵ħƾȻһɹԪʼǼȻʮﵽ֮ࡣ

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ڵħ£һǰһʯǰұ΢΢̧𣬶ħצҲ֮
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ڽգۼ䣬ħβҲ۴վͬɨڵһԱһʯֱӺԶ
ϸһڲӿԪΪһӡħڲӡΪһ塣
λײõ䣬幦֮ˣ̬֮๦޷ʩչҵõֻ֮ǵƻ壬ڲһӵ幦ķʩչ֮֮Ҳһһ壬ΨһǺԪ
幦Ҫоں϶٣֮֮ܿȻһʿӵֶΡ
ӰʧԼһ죬뿪ҽϿȡ
ݣ
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ͷһٶӦȻ֣֮תʿֱӰ
һ£ϻһЩɼɫë֮ʱ氵¶⣺ڡ
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ⲢδأȻһϷǸץһ鵤ץһŻشǵ⣬鵤ġ
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Է򿪻һ
ӾӸ£ǻҪҵͽɼˣ
ǰ˿ҡҡͷ
ˣһҪǻʿͨʱһ鱦Էɫ˲Įϻ鵤ٴȥ

鵤δУΧ飺֮ʳؤôڵȷǱ½ߣµӶΣ
˼ڵѰҾаϹ²ڽϡ
ҲˣϹ˵ѪߣõҵѪΪҽһ죬ܵõϵѪڱУҲˡ
ԶԶӰ
Ԧɽյ֮ȥ磬ϸһȵƣ˵ڵԴҲˣ־һ鵤
ʱֽɫϢΣɭ֣ܲɼһЩ
ǰǺڰçԭġʯȡһ˶֪յأﾭǧ
֮ѽڰçԭ棬յͼͼǰ
Լ֮ǰͻȻǰƺһ˵Ĺ·壬ǰƼ䣬·ֱ
ǺڰçԭһյؾʯȣڲŴľʯɽ濴Ȼˡ


117 ָ
ǽôвӰ
ԽʯȱԵڴǰҲڰԵǼգǲӰ
ٽЩͿʮʿڽ֣ԶϰԶԶΧۣԭ治ȥ֣֮еһЩʿȻǻڵӣҲȥ
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ȺܿΧ֪࣬齣ɽΪζɱ
˺Ȼһɧԭ齣ɽӣͷڵӻն£ʣ¼齣ɽҲʧȥ־
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齣ɽʵȲϻڣ߻ӡӡĴӶ٣˭ǣ˵鱦ܶӶӵ汦ɱ˻ɱˡ
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ָ
ͻȻӶָָ֣⾪ðһ׹⣬ӵճХһ˵һһŻʲô
ͣ
мصճЩ齣ɽӵָץȥ˵־Ͷ֡
ӼҲҧˣ齣ɽӷ񣬷ӭԷӣҲ׷״߶齣ʦƴˣ
߳߳
齣һбȻδü߶ƣһ״ͷϷͷ׹⽣߳߳ԾٶȻһ齣ɽӡ
䡣
״ͷӣһӺȻͬը˲һһѪըѪ˵ǣ齣Ҳ׺顣
ѪΧֵϰˣһҲû˵һҴ¡
ʣһЩѪа׻Ϊ̿ķ棬һЩڷ֮кȼա
ڵֵڽ֮УѰʲôԭ齣ɽµƷ
ָ
ÿ˶ľͷԭأеˣ֮ǰԼһţɼһĻһ
ʦǿͨػ޼ڣʶӣһһδ۽磬ԷֶҲΪǰ룬ָֻ΢΢һƾʩչףԦ׽齣ɽһǿ߻ɱ
ɱ齣ɽӶ޷˰ԵԼҲֻ·һ
ʦ˵ˣǻӣҲš
ҵû˵ʦ˵ָǿǻǿľѧ֮һԻһ汦֮ʩչԸɱˣӵлص
ֱһᣬΧʿعŸղһĻ
ûһ˸Ҵ˵ɱֶѪܵĽѵ
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118 
ӣ޼ľ硢һݡһǿ

˿ֺ̲֪εȱ仯ϿͻȻһƬؿγɣоһ޴С
ˣߡ
ʦһ֮ʣʦŻһӷʯȡ

ڴ󲿷ʿƣǿŸ߿ͻȻֵУͻȻһ޴֮УسһȺͬ𣬵ɫĹȺ鶼ǣ֮пն
ǡ
򶣬һֻһѨ򶣬Ҫʯȣòڵ¡
ʿٴУһɳʯȣвʿ˷ͬȹϵϷ׷ɢ
֮УЩԽԽγһﻹҪѹѹشǧ׸߿ղƿշ档
˵֮е򶣬רѪ綾ƸͷôҲûצ桢ħǰֲӴһȺʿһܽʿɸʬϾ綾һմϣҩɽ⡣
صȷΣգǾ֮ΪֲĴڣ֮ǰڵĵԨжҲһ֣ʦǿҲûķݡ
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һӵпֲѪȺӹĻͨ쾳ֶԸһֻ򶶼¡
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氵üʩչٶȱʯȣΧҲʿζķݡ
󲿷˽ʯһ̣Ҳ棬ٵӹȻҲʯȡ
ʯڶǰֲָ˰ǸʯԼɭ֣ͷ֮ϸй٣ǰ붯Ȼɳ۶򶡣
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ϢһᣬȥΧѰ
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⼸ǶŸ֡ҲѰҾа𣬵ﲻ𣬵Ҷ𡣡
ԭ֮ǰʿǱ½һŵӣȲϻڣҲ齣ɽ޼ڡ
֮һʯɽò׷һɽ̫͵İ£ڿնϣ˫ҲʱʱץסʯΪ޷ڿհס
ˣòɽŹбժĺۼʣʮոճĹӣҲ
һȫװ봢䣬ŶɽɽʯɽǱֱͣʯֲＸϣһСģ׹°£ʿزأҲûˤ
Σʮڼɽ֮²ɼģɽƣͺˡ
Σո߷ʵʿһϵ󲿷ֶɽ壬Ҳֻʿճʱڿա
濪ʼɽҷǳֲﶼӵһЩ綾ʱʱһЩȺ֣һЩ綾ֲ︽ҲһЩ򶣬ЩƺΪǿԼҲڲɼʳ綾

֮ǰһ̻վ綾ʱӾʯɽﵽ¾ʱȻ·ְɽƼͻȻһźӰ
Ϥ֨֨Ͻɫ˲ͬʱʮֻץһֻһϢʿһ࿿


119 ̤߱
ʿǲܻȥȫҧõѪѪʿһȾð߰Ѫӡ
ԭһ𶴵ĶѨ򶲻ֱӽʿҧѪôôֵ
ȴһۼʮֻ򶽫ʿһ۵Ҷо档
ʿΪҲͣӦҲֻʮֻ򶣬ҲѪɱʬ壬ҾͿʩչԪܵõԴ˶־֣ҿɲѪ
ɭɭ˼һ²ȥðնɱʿװܵõһʬ壬ʡֲΣա
ͻȻʹڱԦ齣ڿմԾǰ±ֱףϷҲɽ壬һɺ֮еĶѨ͸ɽ̤붴ڵ˲䣬һɵѪڶţܸо󲿷Ѫ򶣬һࡣ
ΪͻͽڴǶ㣬дʬǰѨڱռ졣
һѨһɽڿռ䡭ԼһǰһͿյľʯɽڲռ䣬նķǳˣڲҲǺģԼӲٵط͸߰߹ߡ
Ȼ澰ʱһźӰڸͻһشͻȻϸһʮֻ򶣬Լһٶֻ򶡣
⵹ʲôΧͬѨ뿪ʣ¼ٵڰշȥЩ·ʮʬѻʬѡ
ͬ룬ͻȻ׹ԨĶڲ֮УȻץôʿؼʬ֮лй˻һеĻϧǲ˾о綾˵ǺһҲû
ʬΧɢһЩ齣ȵȣǴʬɢģʱʱʬ֮зӤ
һɲǣֻû˿ԥӿзʬѣҲʮֻ򶾪ѡ
ݣ
ִ߶齣Һѷɽֻһѣھֻ̤ܽ齣޷߶齣򶡣
齣ֶһ߽һѪһֻֻ֮⣬ڽ֮УһЩѪСıŽϣð֨֨Ѫɰ̡
ѪʹոոƤ͸Ѫ⣬Ҫɾ˲䣬ͱ֮ѪðһѪ⡣
ҵѪȻԻ綾˶µĴڣҵѪҲܿơһμԼѪ綾Ḷ́ϲ֮࣬ʮֻ򶱻նɱһЩߡ
֮ǰʬɶߣʮʬ壬ٻһʿ֣ӿ֮ɫȴĮȻΧ봢䣬Լʲôʲô
ˣûĪװȥˣԼȻΪ͵ùԼ顣
ôʬ޷ߡҾͲʬ֮Уֱڲ
ΧƷռ֮ʬ룬ʬ´ʯʬĿյʬѣʯʬظպ
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־˲߶˲ءز޼֮ӿ˫ץһʬ¸ţʬ΢΢һһᣬԪʹʬӿֱġ
Ԫ紺ӿȫʱȻҪ֮һܸоԪ˫͸֮Уӿϰٽ뵤ܿγѭ״̬
ȻԪУܸӦţ֮ǰͿﵽ۷壬Ʋüʬͻһݡ
Ԫϲӿȫ֮Īĸй٣ܽڴ󲿷ա
ͣ
֮һʬøɸɾֽڶʬյòʱ˲Լ޼һ
Ӧ֪ԭǵزռԪѽϽִӵʬ岻Ԫ
飡
ϰΪͻȻըһơ
ͨʬҲòƷʬڿһ߶ߣ¶ѻһ
ٿȫ𶯣ðѪѪƤʹ֮ȴһȲЦݡ
һ鵤εҡͷ鵤ʣ¼ţ¶ҲõĲˣΨһõԴǧҩȷˣôʬ壬ܴʬռԴ
ž粻ߣ塢ԴȻǰʮٱ
һ죬Ͱ֮ǰǿһȦҲ΢
ĵزؿռ䣬ԼԼܸӦ߲ϢƯζһʿزؿռҲŴﵽʮľ롣
·֣ͻ̤֮󣬸йһ


120 
ڵһδŵظӦزشڣҲزش̬
·֪仯Ȳʬ˭֪򶳲Ѩһ̻ᷢʲô仯
йٵõȫ޼ڸй֮£֯ɵĸӾ纣һԪ޼Ǿ޼Уȫٶʮ࣬ټ־ʽٶȳԽʮ
ڼҲʲϴƤ죬ܽһʿһա
ͻ䣬ڱ䣬ǿҪҲ֮ǰһʬֻһҪﵽ۷壬Ҫպüʬ塣
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һξʮ죬ڼҲ֣Ҳµʬ壬һ죬ԪҪزҪ֮ʣͻȻΧ
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飡
Ϥޱȵϰըһζ֮ǰҪһʬʬ߶ߣΧҲúˡ
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о̫ˣǰ޼ھѧȻףҶ̶һͻƺü磬ϧܽʬھͺˣ䲻⣬ͻͨ쾳޵Ҳ⡣
ԽԽ࣬ϲҲԼΣ
һʬоУŷôʬ壬Сʬ˭֪´޷أΧ۵С۵򶡣

һʬѶƷ׹ڲ£Ȼһֻֻ򶲻ҪƵĴ˷档
˵һ죬ǽ̤齣Ȼץס齣߶Ԫӡɳͬʱն齣һһ㽣˷ӡ
ۣ
Ʒ鱦ʵĽճ̶ȣͨ״̬Ϊ˽
ͬһγɵֲʿյֶΣû㹻ǿԪԼԦһʿֻܴ߶
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뷢߶齣ʱȻŷ˫۱ѪŪʧȥ֪һʱ޷ƾ
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ʼæӦԽԽ򶣬޷ǰɱɱϰΣϻǱҧ˿ڡ
ۣ
Ȼ棬һЩҧѪ⣬ǺѪ򶣬֮ǰѪȴζһͻȻðѪɫ棬һֻֻĪڲըЩ˲ͱˡ
ȻһҲûܷ֣ܿĶ򶣬æ֮£ֻȫ߶ɱһѪ·
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ЩɫѪ˿ϤˣǰϵĹ󣬰ԭֹѪһֲָ֮ǰҵָܺܿϷֲϵ̫ҪˣһҾͲõƣɱһѪ·
Χµ棬ȥǳ˿ڽɫѪ˿ֹѪоʹ
һ泹ײٵƣҲʩչ䣬ϵĻӰһ̿ɵǷ


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һȻǰһ뻹ƣһڲ涼ӡ


121 ԭ
Ӱʼ۰ſ죬ΧΧһҧȥֻҧࡣ
ҲΧץȥצһֻֻ飬޴Ӱչƣ̼ͽΧΧһڵ򶲻ɣ
ݣڻӰ֮е棬ȻҲûţһ߶䣬һ߶齣Ȼɱһ㽣
һ̣Ҳھʯȡ
ĳһɽֻ¬Ž˼Ϣһʯԣǽǰһλߡ
˿ʲô࣬үѵѰҾа𣿾ЩӣūŶԸЩˣοǵõаõĻᣬǱڵõүҲûлᡣ
üֻǵĴ緢ڵΪκò֪аѹǧ겻ܣϵѪһҪõ
ϧүûнںϣǱӵо˵ǿԼо˻ָ
ҴˣһСС޼ڣ˸ҶҵĶһҪǣҴӼģΪ˼븸˺ƤҵԶˣھаϵѪҲֻܾѰҴˣһл֣ڻǻڶ֣Ҳø֪Ҳ޼ڣҵõϻӵѪ򡭡綨Ĳҡ
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һڽ䣬һͻȻ˶
ɻȥ壬һץһѪɫϾǰϵһѪɫơ
Ȼ𣺡ǡүǰϵѪͻȻжһǸӦϵϢ
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ڴ˵Ⱥȥȥ
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Ҳɱֻ򶣬Ǹ򶻹ɽڿռ䣬ǲŹ档
ʱͷ󺹣һ߶Ԫһ߶·齣գ˲ءزԪԷٶġ
һѨҲԽԽٲõѪҧΣֻҪԪȥѨ
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һԵĺߴ߶һһɱ򶣬һֻֻɱСƷѪ
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ͻȻ͸һ˿Ѫ⣬Ѫ֮УҲ׻ΪѪɫĳһҺ塣

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131 Ѱ
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133 Ϊ
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134 Ȼһ
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һռˣѻȸѹסŭ𣬶ͻȻڹƣֶΣŵȭɣ
ߴӣȷȭǱҪԼԦѹԪ·ΪѹһԪͨȭ·ʩչ˲γɿµ֮ȭľ裬𣿡
һЦд⣬ͻȻס𣺡ǣͿҲߣؤһҸߣͬռҪҳϧ󣬲ӳǻڣЩҿɶǵãΪˣûʲôŵ㣬Ǽرãôһ㣿
ݣµӣ㽻֣һŭˣȴͼܿơ

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ÿһÿһκ֮ڵ΢΢͸һɼۿĹ
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135 ʲô
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136 
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137 Ϊ
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138 񷢳ս
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ϼɽ
СկһƽʱǽҲʿѲߣһȥһӰ
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141 
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143 Ѫ츳
ԴǮҶУʱںڰçԭõٺö㹻ԴǹһƤʵڲУҾʱҸطңĲõģɺȥ𡣡
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Ѫɫ沢ңҲﲻаֲֿ߶ȣֻһһѪɫ
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144 ͻͨ
кڴҲܼںڰçԭۼ֤аѪֶΡ
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þʬҲаұںһѪ˿̴ڵⶼܿһѪɫȼա
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˴һУȻѪͲˣ˵СһΣڶһͨʿȱָ֮һҪȥϼɽԼ޼ڣѪһĴڣǱ½ֻбӵС
ڴ֮ǰҵþ취ǿСһҲöԸƻթ֮࣬һȥҵǧǰıָһ߶ԸСͷǸСˣˣҪ˫⾫Ԫ
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145 ͨ
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Ӷ߽޼磬ֻҪˣʵԽǿ󣬶޼ĽҲԽ졣
ҵһϿԨӿٶͬʱʼϸϸͷԪʱʼӡ
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󣡡
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147 
ڲӿֱӹټ֮У΢΢һЦʿ򵥣Ҳõľն鶴д֣ڲбǿʢ޼ڵ󷨣Ҳǰľһ㡣
ڲռ̺ߣעеԼԪֻҪͨӡӷԼ󷨣ܴ߶ߵǿ߶󷨣̫ףʵǵһûʵзУմӡַԼ޷ԦһƬȻռ䣬޷󡣡
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汦ڲռһ󣬸Ӧӣ۵
汦ίʵԼԦĿǰͨΪܸӦ޼֮һռ䶼ϼѡ

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148 ʦ
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᲻ã絶󷽼ȴΪ˻Ȱ˵

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ȻԣӦ֪Ҽսһһȡʤػûҽˣ߽⣬ʱҪܵȺĵվ߲ԼǺ߽⣬Щ۸ǵĵӣг𱨳ԹԹ
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˱߱ģȻ˳㳡ΧˮйͨһκεӶ·
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һʮˣʦ֮⣬мҲе죬ӡߴӡ
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һӣȴӭٵиоһĲࡣ
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ˣִ棬ǽύڴûᣬΪν񷴵δ֣Ҳ̫ϳ


149 Ϊа
˵¬ꡢֳΪµӵˣҲû׷׳Ӻ棬Դ˿Լʶڷ緶
ÿһӺ󷽣ʮӣɺֻһ¬֮⡣
עһ󣬾ͻȻԱߺһʣҲ֪ǸʦˣǺεһӣƻķ棬Խӱȥ
Ҳ֪ñһ⣬ȻʵλǺܾ˵ġһ֪ʦ˭ģ
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󲿷ӶһμʶеΪŮֻ֮һ
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һЩӿʼݶйأǹĵǼսĳ֮м˶ͲýʧܣȻǱͷѹ̫á
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һҲеӿʼɢȥĬĬ뿪㳡󲿷ֵӻ֡
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ҵһ죬ҲǵԪʱ򡭡ϸ緢ʱںڰçԭ׷žа𣬸ڽߵĺߣͲԪϹĻмŶȣȻʲôң壬һūʵ
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λʦ֡ʦˣ޼ڣһΪеľۻһǵ޼Χдաʿʧ¼ħйأ֪ڶ¿գ뿪֮ǰŸ߲ͽ£ҪҰյħͷɱҪҵ䡣
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ʦҪĿģȻΪаںֶΣ׷پаӺڰçԭ׷޼ڣҲãаˣлͲ鷳ٸҼ꣬ʱһֱӵʰаֶΣĨȥ鷳
ҪһǿУǽ񣬷ħа
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ҵý޼ǾԪ󷨣޼ժֵںϣԸܴ߶Ҳʩչ֮Ҫֶλ޼ڹΪѪҲʩչҵսܵԼҲֻ޼ǾԸŹҲǿֲĴڣǰ޼ڣһͳɳ½
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150 ǧĿս
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һͬȴ֮еӣͻȻһӿĹƣĶųɤۡ

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벻˾ˣ֮˵ȻաãѳԽӣﵽӵĸ߶ȡ
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ٿߴ棬꣬һӻԪͻͨ쾳һ䣬˾ٶȣţŵһϧʱûоٸ꣬׷Ͻ񡣡
ԭҲʷϣһԼͻƻԪĴڣ֮УмܿԼͻƻԪʱѱΪ޼ڵһˡ
ţ񷽷ĿǰԽ棬һʼԺɽ
һЩֹע棬ӣȻȽϡ


151 ž
Щһ֡һ仰ӲĸӦ֮󲿷Ӷ֣֮ۡУǰĮ벻м
ֳһƬž񻺻ӰأֱЦȻսģ׼óеһн
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ĪǰװǻƣǱ½ΨһĴڣһŵõ벻·ߡ
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ܴ֮ͫУһ˿˿ŭ⣬ҲͷţǾԵİԵֻһҪ׸һеơ
Ҳͷƣ潫ƻΪһδƳֳ״̬ҪΪ
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һʳָһУ΢ʳָȴͻȻŽһ磬档
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һ˲䣬ӱȵ˻Ҫ
ڳ彣ݺᣡ
ʱֻһָ棬ԼüĵҽѾɱ֮ǰٶ̫ˡ
ɱ֮ʣһһسǰա


152 
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ĿһϽӡһȥལҲĿĵĿһ㽣ʳָָ顣
磬ǽʦֶ֣ٶȻ̫󣬹˶һܳ档
̨֮󣬳ǰӶˣں󷽾ۼһ໥š
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Ҳ߶ڳ彣ΪԴҪ赲ǿ߽񣬵ȫǽһָͷĶ֡
ʦãôʵЩԣһǴȫǽ֣
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153 
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Խı仯ģȻԲӦ䣬ڳ߶ʵȫԪںϽ֮С
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155 
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ΧӸϽˣŴﵽͨ쾳˿ֲ˼㣬û岼󷨣˽ֵһ̱ػϯ㳡Щˡ
ڲǴ۱ըĹҫ޷壬ҫþغƣٿһúˣһɷףҲ״ο亹½ʪ
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160 Ҷʤ
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Ҳ߳ʦֵȷӰҲţʦ֡ʦ֡ʦһҲţҲΪŸѪҲĴ²һϡ

Ȼ˿̳޼ȥʦһµӽ񣬹ȻɱŵӣηǱӣõӽŽˣȻӪŴѹӣȻǽΪΪʦʦ֣ѵûʧְ֮𣿶ûΪɽһӣȻɱͬŵĴ֮٣
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202 ӽ
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ʾ˺ʼӡֻΧӿƣΪԶںϻΪһơ
ǿƣͿԵֿκ鱦ȫҲ޷ơ

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ڲӡѹ飬ָֻȹ״̬˿̻ȫüǰһƬ͸Ű߲ĵԨ磬ھģһȻ׵ȻԨ
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һĻҲݡ
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203 ׷
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204 ڷӡĹϵع
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һ֮Ե𣺡ߣ˭

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һԣھûϸһԽȥʮɺ󷽵عڣ׼赲֡
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205 𣬻ڸ׷ɱ
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ѪֶһЩؼγѪѪҲǰǿһһݣҾվͨ쾳۷壬Ӷ

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214 ɱ
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˵ռ䣬ȻλǱ½֮УȴǶڵģû֪ܽͣһռ䣬Ǿʧʿǲܻųȥ

׷֮󣬿ҲƺأٶȾͱڰңΧҲл׹ĸʣҲ޷־£ܴ߶аջ档
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ٵطУƯֻ³ĸգ⴦ռһЩ·Զû̫һ
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219 ԭ
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Ƥֱ̰֣࡭ãӺþûԵˣ
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İǸֳ潣ּ߶һҲͷţɱĻƤȷײ˫ƶ顣
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ڲһ֮ƣǻƤȭͷžžγһһ𶯡

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ͷ濴°ͶڲΪռ䣬֣
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ݣ
һϯһ￪Ľâ֮УͻȻİ֣һǿ֮󣬾Ȼ潣ѡܡ
ӦҲǿƤǿ֧Ԯʱѡߡ
ǻƤ󺺷ŭЦǡԭ̵࣬ûһŴߣ
ԭѵռ·Ҳɽһɣ
ΪϢӦϷ½ʿ֮У֮׵Ļڸ֡
Ϊﵽ۷ĴڣǱټˣ򵥿ҪҲף
һһŮ뻢Ƥ󺺻ϡ

׷ȥҲͬ֡
Ӧͬͨ籨š
ռΣգҵ뿪ƬɽһͷҲǹܵģҵ취뿪
Զȥ㳯ɽԵȥɲٽȥ̫ˡ
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220 δ֪
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ַһһѨϲ֮һڲһЩѸùͷһЩ֩˿ߡ
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222 ħɽǿ߳
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ʵίʵˣǧ֮ڷգħڱ䣬翴һ𶯵󷨡

潣֮
ԭǺɽ֣ǻɱһΧɱţ벻ٶȴʱֻñ̬ݣٶȼһٶܹƵͬʱҲ潣˫˴Ҳ³ž綾˿ߡ
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ֻһ֣ȻǻŶ֣巽뻨Ų࣬˫ʵ뻯һԽӵи
Ҳʼڴ߶־ʼͷԪΪͻӿƤϵ˿ߡ
벻˿Ӳȱ֮ǰǰ㻹ҪӲͻʮҧܻ鼸˿ߡ
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ΪͷħԽԽЩϤ·ʱơͷŹ֮УҲעǰ仯һЩ
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˫ǧ֮ڶ췭ظ˵ʵǽа벽Ҫ˺顣
ͻȻɽŸ֣óֶΡ
óһֱŴڻΧ飬֮󣬴ͷųĶ̡


223 һת

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ǵΪﵽһ߶ȣٴע汦֮Уͻ汦󷨣ϴ߶ԼĽӡ汦ĽͨĽ
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շѾ˫ɱû˿Ȥ֮ͫðŻ⣬˿ߣԭŵ˿ߣȻӲо綾޵УȴǺ»𣬸պһͨ쾳ʿƿ첻Ұ
ۿɱջǾ˵ģ޷սʤĻߡ
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ЦеƲƲ죬ԪΧ˿ߣɲͷž𣬻һ˲Ƥӿ
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Чʱ֣һ˿ھǱ֮£ʼšֱýڡ
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224 ǿĺɽ
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ǺεܼԦǿԱһռ䣬ưһ
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Ī׷´ʰɽͻȻԦԱ뱦һǧױը֮г֡
ֻܿŷ档

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ǻ˫˲Ϣ˴һǿͽոմ˿棬ٴξС
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ۣ
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Ϊܿ϶Ҳ֪ǰʲôĿ꣬үү֮ǰֻᵽɽħżΣҲû˵Ҿ;ӦɽħйأȥһЩںɽħŵĹȥһ϶ǰӦɽħо޴ϵ


226 ɽ
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һΣ濪ʼȫƿصħƱ仯ֻ֮ǻΪͨħ̬һԳȴǷǳʵԵ
ˮŵæˣ幦
ţҵõһΪ幦¾һֱĥӦһ䣬Ҳ˵ķǳиݣΪͻ䡣

ʼչһ̿ʼӡƵĳӿӡڳ֮н֯ҴȻҲӿ롣
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˫һֱ֣һԾͻȻȥоҪ׹Ԩȵˮʧ뱼ʱͻأһ𣬽㷢
漴̴֮һԾ𣬾糤һԳ򣬼ԦųԽɽۣʮ׵ַǧ׸߿գٶȳͨ쾳ʿ
ֿʼֶΣڰͻȻһͣ÷ɽҲǿߣҲδ߶ƼԦռ䣬ͿһԳƯڰ׸߿ա
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ֹѣǳģһؼ㣬Сֵռ䣬δںռȻ֮ʱһռϢںϣ͵ӦҲ㣬Ϳͨʱ䲻ϳܴͨ쾳̤½ھͿͻռ䣬ٵʮʱ䣬ʲߣٰ귽пͻƣ֮УҪԴ
ˡ
˿̣ɫ֮Դʧ䡣
ԭռǱ½ͬ磬һҲͬҪĥϣҪʱںϡ
԰ο֮Уʲô࣬ʱ࣬Сֵܵ͵סįȻ˵ߣѰҴӴ½ʿץѪѪǺɽŻȡԴһҪ;
ͻȻ񣺡һֱ뷨λǰҲˣֱ˵ˣѵʿ治뿪ռ䣬صǱ½
˶뷨Ϊ˭뿪Сֵ͸ý뷨˵Ҷһ
ɽͻȻԵúܸˣӭ֮һ£ռǳ󣬹Ǳ½յһҲһδȥѰҹѰɣҵԵҲûҵڡ
ϸһռӦڴ½ֻҪռϷգӦþǴ½
ռ䶥˵ȷǱ½٣½֮š޽졯
޽죿Īǽ󷨣
ԣҲǣʿóһֽ磬޽죬ȴռ֮ĿռشǺɽŽ죬󷨽ɽ룬󷨾͵ͬ޽죬ֻ޽ռǱ½֮Ŀռشˣû˿Ϣʿ޷̤У̤ڲҲᱻ޽
޽Ҳռ֮شǰֲΣգ
СֵꣿꣿǽǧĴڣΪҲԽ󾳽磬ռ󲿷ֵشҶȥ޽˽ǾԳ֪޽һƬǺӣһ̤ΪǿߣҲ˲䱻У޷ƶһ޽شκǾѹռһУϢռ临򱶣һϢ̺ӶĴ߼ʣﶼ޷ôҲдʿ޽죬ӳһ̤ͷ׷Ǳʱڱǰ
˵ɽתο֮֮ʵҲһֱѰҳ·ʱʱ̶̿뿪Ҳ
ףû¾͵ȥҲ˵ҵ뿪ӣ
һЦȻԣҵ·Ƿ򸾾͸ˣ㻹ӦռϢҿħǱ紫ɽҲǺɽħŵһѪħ㣬ͨѪþѪҲʿڵѪʱʱ̿У
Ѫħ
֮ãʹүүõһЩһֱӵиǿħӦˡ
ӦһǳӵԺԸаԼɽ򸾡
ξǺɽӦҲ뷨£Ҳù
һ㣬ҪѪʣԼѪԼûûа취գԾаĽѪħͲһˣٻӵжѪʴĶ
Ѫħõı
úãɽҲֽкá
ɽ棬ʼóһһħУҲоͨԪ̺
Լʮһ̺ħĺɫɺɽ棺ѽѪħ㣬߶֮󣬵㿴ģڲĻȫʧϾǱȥϣСֵ£̺Ԫʱ߶ȡøӦ


237 Ѫħ
ӵ湦ңʹŷ뿪ˡ
صͱɽڻѾȫܺɽţ㽫ѪħΣûнǧԼѪħвңӴԺȫΪһӣôþôá
صնٽѪħֻܼǿڵǿһ죬ңһ߶Ѫħ𣬱ܽѪħռ䣬ǿд޽죬Ѫħ뿪طĿǰΨһ뵽һ뿪ӣϧյѪ𣬸޷ȫ߶Ѫħ𡣡
һУɽˣҲȫЩūӵж𣬶Ҳһ֣һܴ߶Ѫħ޽졣
һ䡢һ䣬Ѿ浱뿪ռĹؼӡ
صߵ棬ҲʼһʱںϽѪħ
ϣѪħһҪѪΪħѪ֮УѪĸ߶ȣѪԽǿʢԽ̣Խˡ
ͬʱѪԽѪγɵѪҲ˵ѪԼǿȣǾѪĹؼ
¼񵽱ˡ
ƾаҲ벻½֮УֻѪʣȴõط
֪䵱껹ˣǿڶһ޲Ƚɽ
ڰܼңײɾ档
ú󷨣㿪ʼоѪħ
ɽħڼǧǰǱ½ߴ֮һұ޼ڡ齣ɽҪǿ󣬼ȶţϧǵֲڡ
ħз̫а񣬵ȷǽƫ棬аС
Ѫħٴο۽硣
Ѫħ֮ʿһ֮ͬտʼҲǴӻ壬Ȼһͻơ
ŹͻƻԪ֮ӵԪ㿪ʼøħа￪ʼھѪ֣һھѪξ˾ѪǿԼ
ҾѪǸո̤뻯Ԫ֮󣬵ǿֿ˲أʿڻԪһգʱͿʼһѪմﵽԿѪھѪ֮УԪࡣ
Ƽ򵥵ʮ鷳֮ʱҲѰһЩаУֻһЩ綾޲µѣ̣ں֮󣬱ڳɴо綾ѪԴ
ͻǿ󣬶ҿٵزأӵ֮ʱͿԿʼֱ󣬴޵̡֮гѪ֮ڡ
ΪھѪʮָɾ̫鷳ȥУħʿ֮ϲľѪԴ
ȻˣѪħ֮¼һѪʽ
ҲʱڣҪͯͯŮ
ͯͯŮʮںӣץסǣطѪһͯͯŮ⾫ѪǿҾԪ̱ǿԪ
Ϊײһİ취ḁ֮̊́УָӤָӤóɳĸ徫ûһʣޱȸɾ
սѪħʽץסиڿ콵ǰ죬ԪΪҵʱ̣Ҫ֮ʱƸȡӤӤħ֮Уֱӻ飬Ϊࡣ
߿ֱɣǴ֮ҲѪħΪݷӡ
ֲúɽħһħܳΪǱ½ߴ֮һȻЩŵһȺаħаӵǰ֪ɱ˶иĨɱ޹Ӥ
дһİþ޷ƽϢƺɽ˵ĳѪаֶƶɣɽÿһ˶ǧ꣬аֶȡ
ǧ಻ףǻӣҲֻܻ꣬ǧ꼸Ǵ˵֮еĴڡ
аȴǧ꣬Ѫħ
ѪħУ̤֮󣬱ӵħ汦Ҳʮǿ󣬾ѪǿͿֱץסǿʿħԼʿھѪ
ƺԪ󷨺񣬵ֲֻͬһЩ֮ԪֱԪΪħʿѪ̣һںϡԴǿѪԪ
ﵽħʿϲǿѪʿǴħʿԣֻҪǸ߼Ѫɡ
ѪħʿӷһһѪԸаֶβܳΪħͷ
ɽħĺãڻڣôٷ޹Ҫħʿݱǰ޼ڣֻԪԪħʲô
ڽѪħ󲿷֡


238 
ڲʧȻɽ˵Ѫħֻһ˿ԿС
սѪħѪѰãҵһЩѪİ취
ܿͨ޼Լȫ󲿷־ƿأڲѪԪһУܿƤӿһЩѪɫˮѪ֮еʡ
Ѫȼճ̶԰һЩѪһѪ档
˵Ҳа羫ѪҾѪǿȣ
һѪںһЩЧʮԣҲһοԶѪ
֮ǰѪžͻƣǿɱ䣬ڲͻƣͿ԰մӽѪħ򵽵ѪʽС
Ȼƶһֻʬ塣
Ҫ֪ڻвʬ壬Ǵ룬ȡ綾ֶһ;
֮ðһߴʬ֮£ʬ忪ʼðԼ˿벻֮£Ҳ޷мܡ
һ£һʿͷϯĻҲûΪҽ
Լһʱ֮ʬ峹׻ΪһƬ˿°ƴСһѪðŵǡ
ʱҲҴ⣬뵽ںڰçԭչԾаľѪ㵨ϸսѪħѪʽɲǼ佫ƴСһѪƤ֮пʼա
ѪܿһѪıڻһڣȾǾ𵴣뾭Ѫ֮У˲ϢĦˣֱ۶޷ӿơ
һ̣Ѫ֮ӿһڴ߷Ѫ𣬼֮ྫѪѪ䣬һֱѹ֮ƽ򶾫Ѫںϡ
ں֮оͻȻһɺݾȻѪʼԶȼգԼȥ߶
ζ治ҾͿԺ󣬲ǿʬ룬ǾѪôּǿʬ壬ǿϧˣѪ´ЧѾˡ
Ѫû˿ųо˵ҵȫѹơںѪ
ãڷһ´½
սѪħѪѪԽϤգȥѪճΪһֶΡ
ϧϳûһͻס
ɽһ࣬ռа꣬ˮȥѰҳ·
Ȼȥ֮ǰҲ߶ɽкԷУˮһĺ
һˣǵΧɱŵ֮һҲǺɽǿӡ
һ磬һп׽
־磬ʮ꣬ʵȻﵽָ߶ȣǲò࣬ʵ뻯ڲҲҲڡİֻڸ߲ࡣ
ȻζԸš
ΪЧǰҳɫʱشʵҲǾһںɽųȻùϵ
ȻҲûһ˿Ľų뷨Ҳû쳣ӣΪԺɽ򸾳־壬ֻΨǴӡ
һȥ˺ܶطȥɽǧ֮⣬Ȼûȥͷзȥ
ڼȥҲ˽⣬ռаʱ䣬ɽԾʵѹòɽţΪɽ򸾵ӡ
֮
һռۣ֮Ϸһݣ֮ǿһ޽졣
оռǱ½һƬǺӡһƬĻƵģ汾볢ԽпȴȰ裬ʵ̤޽һ
ˣ
˿̣Ϸͬʱӿһħ
ͬʱ鿴һͬ¶ɫ濴Է˵ǺԭںɽŸӦΪűˡ
粻ǿߣɽԭüδģѪս˫δֺúôŵȷǺԭһԱ󽫣ԭϵǳãҲ֮У֮ǰԸȻҲֻӦսһ
սһִ£Ȼǻȥٻȥ֧Ԯ浹ǰ˷ܣĦȭơ
³ʣԼһЩʧ
ҪʱӸ߿ҲͰʱ
ո˿ɽż֮ʱ͸ӦڰձҺܿ촫һˣ֮һɹɻ
ԭɽѿս
СٿһЩպɽƬɽħײƺƴ


239 ԭ
Ȼʮ󲿷ֶǰ˰ޣһſΧɽ󷨣ǷǳԭʼıܹȭͷǾƣֱֻײ󷨣еĴҧ
ɽŽڲҲܴſɽڱ֮ϣ¸ּӳ󷨣ôɱһ
󷨣ƬʮﷶΧأͬ𣬸оҪ֮ݡ
ˡ
״ֳǾڲɱһǴ֡
һм˲δ֣վں֮УΪһڼסһһɳꪵӣ߳ףȡ첲ˮͰô֡
ֺڼ״Χ滹׷ɱİһҲǺԭһԱ󽫡
һ˶ȻһָӣǸڼ״ǺԭһͷϹӣҲǺܾӺڰçԭ׹Ƭռ䣬㽨ԭʵǿ޵УЩ¶Ǳһѹ
ܾǱȻˣܻûΣӵսס汦ԭжסǿĺԭ
ͻȻ䣬߶֮󣬺ɽѰһᣬں֧Ԯǣκԭ߲ơ
洫С磬ڻЩ֣һҪ취ԱȻص󷨣
Ҽȴ

˱ǧ׺󷽷֮ݷضΪ󷨣ͣһ𵴡
ҲøӦһͷͷֳһкüͷһҲһЩǾõ飬򽽫գԴǿ֮
Ҳ쿪ûɱһ
һս졣
ͻȻ䣬ǰƸоͣԭɱһԱ󽫣ǺɽŲ뱻ҺԭƣóųѪԼʮūԷɽš
ԭҪЮ̵ô
ɽڲЦϹӣҺɽŲ㣬Ƕ˶ٻأѵ¹㣿ҺɽҲǳصģƣǲЭ
ҲϵˣҲھӣɱ˻ţ鷳ֻҪӦ
Ц
ɽ򸾣ǲǣǱֹɽŽ磬ʱû̸ǺҲ
Ǹʵ˵
ʵڱңѾԳϵʱóҪԴǱֻԳһͬǺɽű𲻿ɡ
ǺԭҪЮ
ɽȻ˲ŻǣǱŴģԳΣҲ£
ƲԳԷƣϣɽŽǵͷˣֵǸɱƺɽţκƽ֣Ůʿ
ԭͻȻȺ´
һʱգһαһͷͷʼ󷨣еĴҲץ汦
һԿɽŽ类ѹƣڲɽŸҲǳһЩڲ͸
ǺԭȻꪣһǹƵ汦ץʱһķһɽֺԭ
һ˪⣬ǺԭǳķΪսꪡ汦ռ䣬ǡñԭõǧʱ佫֮ԭδʩչţҪ˱š
սꪣ
ȷǸǧ֮⣬ҲоǶսꪵһķϾȻȲѪħ𣬵ȴԱʵǿԭ߶һ𷨱
ͻȻκԭбƣɽʵԭֻͨһƣӳ󷨶ԸԭһƣûжǴ֡
ͻȻˮˣǾ￴һһԭбɽûһս֮ҲֻܷɽţµͷҪиĪʱţ
˵ͻȻһػӿ
˶ĤڲǰһǺԭ֣ұץסսꪣֻһǹɱȥ㽫ɽɱʧȥһɫЩҪ顣
ڲɽŸ֣׷òУкɽָϽϾʯʼ󷨡
ǺǺԭϷ
ԭǳ򵥣ֱ߶սꪣһϣʱʱϷͬľ﹥
ϹǺɽǾ޴磬ڲҲһδα͸״


240 ߽
˹ƣԭȥ޼ڣ޼ڽ磬޷סǺɽһٶˣʮˣϺɽ˿ľӪýȻܿסԭ
ֶ֪ܼã֮ǰǲеģȥ໹ܼ졭
ֹȥ졣
˫ڽţǺԭռƣҾԽԽԭգȥɽ󷨳Ҫ顣
ȻעںϣҲ취
ʲô취ڳ֣
һԣҲͷɻ󣺡һɱȥȻӱ֣ɱԭһֲǼʵжǿܿͻȻϮɱͷԭΪͷɽţɱȥֻһܸɽŽΧԼҲΧɱ֮Уû󷨽챣ֲͻڴΧɱ֮¡
ϴ˵ĺܶԣǺƣ֮ڣǵȫһڳȥֻѰ·
һǱҲܷ󷨣ǣ
˰Ͳǳȥעɽӳ󷨣ټȥǾͰװ׳Ʒ
Χһǿߣ벻һ̣һͬ꣬ûһ֧棬ҲûһԸֺ֧ɽš
ȻˣҲôǺɽϱҲǵ˵ĻǷǳз
Щֱӵ淴˵⡣
ˮҲȻ֧棬˵ʲôʱһȿڣƲǾţԭ޷ƺɽţǾ͹ɱȥɽżֲסǿɲܰװѰøϽ뿪
ˮҲڴʱ˵Լ뷨ҲȰ棺ӣҪȻкɽţ󲿷ֶǿߺɽƽֺѹ͸ܵΪʲôҪΪǰװ
Ȼ䲻ɽԵ磬ٸɱýԭǿͷŻΣ

һ̣˶оΧڽᶳ
翴ˣͻȻͷԪҲŷͷţǻΧҪһʱ䡣
ɽͷҲǱףߣٸҹȻҪͷ
˰ɣ
߽ѹƣˣ棺ɱȥӱ͵Ϯԭ֮Ųȥ˭ҪȥҲţֻǲװüʯͷײ
Ҳȥ˿㿴ңҿ㣬Ҳһͬҡͷ
ҲǣˮҲ֧ǣֿ棺ӾǵģװǱȹʱ䳤٣ϰ̵꣬ҲʮϣʲôҪŲҪ
ãǾȵţ˼ηչһ˫˫Ŀ£һ룬ԼֻҪ˵һ֣ƾһѵɱš
ԡͷˣ
ֶͿо֮ǰʲôû
Щ˱ȱ컹Ҫ졭
Ȼʱ˼硢ˮЩ޷͸
֮ǰúɽ¶ԺɽΪʲôʱǽƣκʱ̶档
ЩһƽΨΨŵŵһˮɱʱԲգ۾ղǷǣҳ֡
ЩϣԼɽŵѧ֪ʶǾӪһιܽ
΢΢һɨˣдмϿԶܱԻ󣬻Ƥѻǣ֪֪治֪ľ
ע⼸ˮŮƽҲһС£ʵһڣҲǸ򵥵
վǽǶ룬ҲǲɽççײײɱȥȷѰ
˿뷨Щ뷨һһӳ졣
ڼɽִκû˷ӣԶžηչ
ֹȥһ죬ԭ칥Щˣźԭ󷨡
ڲɽһӣ۵һѣκɽ򸾵Ǵ󷽣ʱʱóԴӷá
ʱóԴ޷ס󷨾Ҫ飬ʱɽžͲ鷳ǰ򵥡
Ʒչȥһʱ˫˭ܻʤֵ󣬻һ֮⡣

ͻȻһɷǳѹ֣Һ嫵ϢһӺ󷽷ӿɽš
ô汳ϷӿӦ棬ɫһ䣬ʱϷգһʱ仹


241 Գ
Ҳŷ⣬ڴ߿գҲüͷ˷
ҲʼòԾһ̣ǹ޵ϢѹȸӺˣμҪֹͣ
ҵĸӦȻ磿ҪմԵʡ
˷Ӧ淢֮ͬӦȻռ䣬ʵﵽ硣
νͣ
ˡ
һɲǼ䣬ȻһĶʼѪ֮΢΢ֶ
ʼޣڶշǳˣ֮һɺϤϢڶ˸Ϣ
ǴǵϢôѵѹƣҲӵдǵϢɣ
һ˲䣬Ѫһߵ˸ڿƷǳ޴󣬵߶ӦȴʮƮ졣
ݷһʱ޷ӦںԴڲ
ͬһڳ˯ȻܵٻҪһ㡣
ǡٴͷŸӦڴΪԴ
ͻȻӦռشڸָϢܸӦǧ׾롣
ǺˣҲܾ׼ظӦռ䡣
ô£ôΪԴ߶ȫϢӦռ䲻ܵһֳ졢ӯĴ
ǣǴǵ֮ռҲָܸ̺羫
ŶȷһɴǵϢһɲͬϢңԶʿٷɽţ
𽥸ӦˣԴӦǧ֮⣬ԺظӦһƵĴϢ
Ӧţȴʱһ亹Ӧ֮һʺ챩ϢͬҪĻȾ죺ħһױȵľɽŸɱ
ֿΧˣһɻѰš
ȵһͻȻͷϢǳ磬ڷ
Ǻԭİ֣һֵսľ˵
ض¿ˣԭֻ֣һǻ˽꣬ޱǿԳһͷԳ涼ԭԳǰԭè
Գ
ǿǴ˵֮еĹҲֻкɽ򸾼һ棬ֹѿֲµĺԭӿ¡
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ʱߣһԳɱһҲˣҲˣ
һ˸Ͻ뿪
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һȣŽʣµļˣҲһɶ
㻹ߣʣˮ棬վҲҪ뿪
ߣ
濴ˮ˾ûкߵȥռ䣬ûкɽ򸾣ûкԭȻ´ڣɽŶԴҶһռһס˵߶Ҷû˿塣
ˮһδ˶뷨ٱҪǿߣҡֻ뿪
ֻףˣ
벻Ҿ㻹ͦģΪҲһ벻ҪһΪɽһ߹ԸҲҪɣ
ಣ
Ҳδͷˮʧ
ɽʵǿѪħռӪȻеӣ֮ԳдǵϢҾȥ
ռ󣬵Σ
ûʵ뿪һֱͻȻȥ˼뿪ռ䡣
һжҪһ

ֹȥ
ͻȻϷһƬһྪ˵Ĺơ
ǹ֮УڲԳǺεģһƬͻȻһƬƲʣٳɽѹȥ
ͻȻ䣬ԭЦԳˣˣ
֮дһΪɽǱͳһˣҶһܱѹͷϡ

ԭӺɽ֮һɶ
ɲͣʱڲʧһμ˾Ƶǿߣʲôˡˡʥˡɽ֮ûпɱ֮ίʵˡ
ǵϢǿʢԳ֮У͸㾪˴ϢΪΣѵһЩһ̣澡ԼϢ
ǰٴοȥѾʧԭڰչһλ


242 ɽ
һ꣬ʮ꣬һͷͬθ߸벱һ׹طѰ
ʵ벻һǿߡ
һϿһ˿ƣԼһ˿һ
ԳΪ̫ˣѾѹݻӿ𺳡
ڰչһᣬܶݼ䣬Գԭɽ󷨡
ԭڵЦɽ򸾣˭ѵʶ
Գ
ɽԲԩ޳ûйڣϣ·ŹǷһҼүҲҲʶ
ԳƽĵСӵ˵ʵүʶϾ࣬壬ƴ壬ƴ𣿡
βſϲɽ˲
Գ԰Եɽô۵ԴϾɱ˻ţҲʶȻǷ򸾶˸Ͻ뿪Ҫɺԭƿأ
ߣ
ͻȻɽɽǧѪɣôװƾһ仰øǣǷ򸾶˽ƴˣΪľãǾͻ㣬ӱƼ˻ҧˡ
ɽأԭ
˵ģɱɣɽҲܹ
ԭͻȻԳԣԳȻˣǲ֪ôСľͽɽ׸㡣
ԭڣԳֵЦСӻеТģ
ºɽų군ˣ֮ǰʵϺԭڼһԳ
Զ棬֪ɽǺε³
ɽǧǰʱһɽΪǳǿ󣬱δԺɽ֣ͬСʶȤǱҲǰǵ棡
һɲǼ䣬ԳҪˡ
֣ԭʵ»þһʱ䣬ܽɽ󷨻顣
ɲ㣡
ӿɽһսŭХ
ˣ
ԿԳΧǰװӿΧǧգһѹѹ
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ֻһ֣Գǿ󣬲ǽĴּԦռԼ̫ǼԦռȥԳδͨ棬ʿ֮¡
ͬʱӺɽҲӿħϡ֮󣬺ɽҲʼ֣ǿ󷨣˴ӱ뿪ڿնһͬԽϾ潣
ˣ
֮ڲɽ𵴶ɽˡɽڿն˫潣˫Ϸʼתһ̺ħĽ潣תԽֲʼɽˡ
֮УԳԦǧǺԭ˵ԶԶģСƾ潣ͿԻסδⱾʵҲ̫
ԳˣƤӹ򣬱湦ٱɽڲЦ
˼ǾͿ̩ɽƷ

ԳȻƯʼչұۣΧǧȻʼɽ󷨽ӿȥ
ұͻȻſƣյسźɽȥ

֮УȻбһǿХˣʼʲô롣
Ȼһһ޴ƣδһ룬Ѿʼɽ󷨡
ƾһڿƯɽǿոƯʣ׹ºɽ󷨣оκʶҪ顣
Ӱ
󷨽ڲһٶˣҲʲôɽţֻǾʧ룬󷨣ɽȥ
ɽղЩӣ֪죬ͽһѪ

˫ٴѸͶ潣һģ潣֮ǰͷŽѸǴһںϣһɱ󷨣ΪһӿҲһﾪ˵Ľ
䣡
˫ƶʱһУڶ󹥻
ƻн󷨣ԼͷŵĽ֮ʣǺɽϷоƺնڲһײײʱ˷ƶߴ׵Ļ˳
һЩԼ󷨽춼顣
ɽšˡ
ԭڳ֮дЦ
ÿֲԳ
汻ĸоҪʧȥ֪ءزռ䣬Ԫ֮֮ԨƵġ
һ̣ԴݿһȽͷųĽ飬Ȼ˳ƽɽ󷨽ץһΧ󷨿ʼһݣͬһǽб


243 ɽԭ
˲ɽΪ֮𶯣ʮ֮⣬һƬضھ֮С
һɳԽǧ׸߿գ쫷ʼƶƳ˷
һɲǼ۸һһУֻͨӦܼһС
Сǣɱɽ֮Уܻץͻ׽ԭһ¡
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ʱɽ򸾻Ưڰգֻ
һǺ赲ԭǲ֪ʲôʱԳȥ˺󷽣ǰǺԭ
ɽȻ潣ΪһħԼа׷Χƿռжħ
ԭʱӶսꪣһսףݣʼץעս֮УǺɽ군ˣǺɽˣڱǰŴγԲѷ챾͵棬ɽˣȻѹկˣ
ɽŭڣϹ
ͣ
ԭƶһɶ೤ĶսꪾȻͬȼôͬգӰն֮Уɱһ׾˵ս
ǳԽʵ
һ̵ǲʲôɽֻһԼ˵ܴѧٶҲܸ˽塣

ɽһ֣ͬ潣ڶԷսͷųİħɱ֮ʣ潣ߣһ˲䲻öսɱһƯѸ͵İ·ɱ
潣лɱڶս֮ϣ潣赲֮
һɲǱ顣
벻ʵ
ɽʵѹסԭƣƯںԳĺܡ
Щ걾ռɽţԭͷŹƣӶսꪺһɨ
սꪴžƣһɱ潣ԼԺɽͷŶħն
һ̼ĤĿ⣬˫ɱʵֶζһμʶǵԿˣҲδʩչ
ֲúԭɽţһֱ޷ռɽţΪɽʵ˲ԭ൱ҸҸоɽӦøһ֡
ждȼհĿ⣬ôϣԼҲʵ˫ʩչǿƣⲻһ־սֳܿһ

䣡
㣬պɽ󷨽գ˫ѽʮغϣǧⶼǻƣ˷ɢ֮κʯɭֶΪ
ɽ򸾣ͶԷŹǣͻȻԭ
ɽƾħƣϹȻʵǿ󣬵Ըǣ㻹һЩ򣬽Գ˵ԭڣ
ԭȻթɣʵɽ򸾻һ֣ǽԳڳĻдʱţ
սʱҲ˫ʵȻǺɽǿһ֣ϾһܰԵʵ̫ˡ
ҲӲ˵ԭҲǳֲһϺɽɽˣػʤ
ͻȻɽ򸾻ɱﵾѪħǲǺɽǧĸ˵˻һ֮
ԭֽƻʼԳˣٴִ֣߶ʵ벻Щʵ˸߶ȡ
ʱɽԳֿ־ɫ
治ºԭǶԳ͡
ԳͻȻ°ͣһЦǿԣԺĺԭҪڱ£δɽ򸾣ҲҪҡ
ãܵõԳ˿أСıң
ߣ
䣡
Ի֮ʣԭѾɽ򸾶ȥпŸԳսȻҡ
һ˼ܷĲͬҲԿԳΪܳΪ
ɽһ̣Ҳѡ
źԭͻȻ潣һͬڶս֮ϣͻȻǿһԭ𿪰ףӳΧտߡ
ܴӱƤ𣿡
Ȼ䣡
˷ɳʮҲͲڶԳȻ׷Ϸָץסһﾪ
ɽɽһδ߶潣
һβͬϴΣ潣ɱ˲䣬ȴ׽ѹ飬Ҳѹ潣ʧȥƽ⡣
ۣ
֮ϣȫԳѹƵĺɽ򸾣һͬŹѪ
ֹɱҪû


244 ɽһ
ӷ棬ȻսԳʮǿºɽ򸾸޷롭
ɽ򸾱ԳǿѹѪԾһδɽֻɱȴ˶Է
ǸˣȻ߶潣ħԼտռٶΪԵʣʵ֮ǰǰ
žž
κһɽѹ潣֮ϣɽֻܴ߶潣ԿΧɱ潣뽣һ飬Ҳڷ֮С
䣡
µȥɣ
ͻȻһӰ߶սꪴһɱ
ɽԳѹƣ޷һʱεֵʵǿĺԭ
ԭӶսꪣݺݵһЩַһδ飬ҲٴѪ
ñɡ
ԭɽѱԳǿѹƣˣѾûг·Ǻԭʱ͵Ϯº֡
㣬ȫءγǣ޼ҶǹȻ߶汦ڹ棿
ϹأΨһôߡ
ǿûá
ߣ
ͻȻ䣬ƯϷƿؾԳ仯
ԭٴλӶսꪣҪٴγ֣ǵЦԳˣ군

֪
ԳͻȻֳźԭ·һһƬʱ籩ԭʱʧȥġ
󡢴ˣŵúڷ籩ܾ֮ͬӡ
ԳȻһŭں˺ú棬ʲô֣ȻҪ֣ǶǸ𣿡
С֪ˣºԭˣֲ̿ѡ
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ݺһһɺڰӰһ׷Ϻɽ򸾣һɲǼ㽫˸ǡ
ԳǿϷſָץ·ָһʱ仯Ϊʮɶľָָ
䣡
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Գһͽ潣ѹƣԼɽѹ
Ȼ֮ǰϣһޣۼǷǳ𺳡
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ߡ
²֮ʣֱԳһȣȥ
Գձָץƣʮ·Ǳָѹĺɽ򸾣ֳԶշȥ
δɱ֣
Ҫȥδδɱ֣
Ǻ棬ԳӦɱɽ򸾲ŶԣǽԭҪȥ
ԭɽһִܿԳһ׷ȥ
ںɽڲȻǸɱ֮󣬲ȻҲβԭȥ
֮⣬øӦԳԭԼһһָܿѹ£ɽ򸾻ڴ߶潣ʵֻǱָסδ˻ֶΣȻϣɱָ
ҲǵһζԽռ磬ԳźɽȥĵطǺԭ򣬶Ǹİ硣
ڶԷٶҲ̫죬ٶȣϾԳҪͬʱͷǿɽ򸾣ɲһ¡
Լʱ֮ǳռ磬ΧһЩγɵľԨ硢ӴԨ
ǡ
ɸں󷽵棬ڸӦΧκζͬʱҲעǰȻ֮ɫЩǵϢȻ΢
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濿һЩǱ֮Уȣ֮ǰӦĴϢӱһ֮͸Ȼǿң˾ӲӦ


245 Ϣ
ƬΧն΢ĴϢҲֻչϢ˲ſԸӦʿҲֻǾƬֻȻطһЩ
ǽȥˡ
һڸȥҽһߡ
ɽͷħԿָ֮вžħԳҲø̫
ʮκŷȣоһԱ⺮磬һǰһڲһǳĵºҲܼһЩֻǽһ㱡ұڡ
ߣħǴϢǿʢһЩ
ж˿ϢٶҲԻԪٶȼǰ
ŽڲоͻȻӦɽħǰԶ׷ȥһܴ¿ռ䣬ɽȻָѹơ
ԭһԶţԳ˿ƯգȻʼͷŸעָ֮С
ڲһЩ
ʱҲΧڲǳӣкüֲ죬֪ͨ
žž
ͻȻ𵴣ԭԳ濪ʼ߶ָץúɽ潣𵴣ħ顣
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ʱ˿ָ̣ѹ˲ѪħҲһΣʱ̣ɽͻȻһͬ˫ƺһ𣬴ӺɽԺɽŵһ
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ԭȥԳһͬƯš
ѪħӺɽ˿б֮ɲǼƯϷһͬ߶ѪħһħʼԵֵָסȻκβѪħͷųħ
벻ǻֶΣԭʧɫֿԳ˲ɱǣ˵ΪĳԳ˾ΪʲôѪħ𣿡

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ɽ࣬ҲָɫɽһͬϷҺɽһԳȷǿ󣬿Ѫħڣκβǣ
Ѫħȷǲʱȥǽħһգʲôȥ߶
ǴӦһ׽һס
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£Ϸ󷨷Ȼȥһ꣬ȻҪĶѪħǱģ
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ԭϷԳҲһ
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뵽Ϊһ㡣
ȫԸɽԮ֣ڣӳռֶһݿܡ
ξ̸ףֽ֮ڴϢ档
Χ˿÷һѷ죬㹻һͨСǰñƹ붴ߣһ֮С
͸ӦŨҵĴϢȲ֪𰸣ȥҲСĸӦΧȻһԳȥǶˣҲָڡ
Լһʱ֮󣬵ͷһƬ潫ȥ·סҴӷ֮п˵Ŀ̺˸ֱʯʯ쾧
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պ÷潫סȻˣҾͳû쾧봢䣬в٣ȿڳһͨܵõʯֶΪ
һأܰװ׷Ź
Ҫһ̤ʱҪ֮ʣõԴ
߶䣬ʼһ쾧УͨԪѴﵽ߶ȣ߶ҲǰףǵӦ֡


246 γɵ
ʯʯͲҪˣǿϧһʱ䲻ߴڲռҲռʯͺܲˡ
Լȡ󲿷־ʯִϷڳһ׳ͨպһ˾ָӦ֮ǰǿһЩĴϢ
ٴνֹȥһʱ벻ͷȻһա
վռ֮һʱմڣմǷǳǿңһ֮ĳطǸӰ硣
ռʶƯģոһ
ʱգҲԵһǰ֮УвƯʣʯʯʯʯУһҲû
ƺһб㶨񣬻Ǳӡһ㡣
ոغ񣬵ֲ̫ǸȿոٱκƯʶ޷һ£
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ڿոռҲи֮ʡȻƶ︡һжھԸ״̬ƿء
Ѱʿڿոظռ䣬ҪܵȻӰ죬޷ƿİ׷ɱ棬һһΣΪû׷
ΪҲҪܵȻϢӰ죬ٶȱȲһͨ쾳ʿ
︡ǿոذٱǾԸռ䣬İƽȥУҲʮѡ
˼ãһЩԥ
һᣬ͹ϵȻ±ԵһԾǰռȥ

һռ䣬ͻȻһ븡ռ䡣
ȻһɰĸΪѹӿռֱ֮ӿ棬ҲΧһƯֽŻǿ΢΢һ£ֻ޷壬ֻŸ
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ֽſԶһ֮дŶȻηҿɲçײ֮ˣڿոظشҿôȥռ磬Ҳ
ȻҲһĲӦòǶģǲĴԼĻɡ
ͷڴȻ߶־ӦҲڴʱͷһӿΧռռ䣬ǾȻԼϢ
ȻΪռķ֮һһ̣ͷų֮ЩƯռĴϢȻؿʼӿǱְĸռ䣬ΪΧһЩϢ
ͬʱҲԿ屣վ̬
ɸӦֻܱһɣҲһɷΧ֮ڣԻΧȻǰƯ״̬
沢δżȥһ̽ܣǾ͵ر˿̣ʼ߶־޼С
ϸӦһϢرԪڣǴӵϢʱӿָܿӦ·һǱ
ԽԽʵҲһƮоŲգһȥӦҲ͸ףΪվҲܵٸӰ졣
վڴϢΪԴʼ߶ƻΪռ͸ȻռǾˣ̺ͬĴʼͬͷųͬϢܸѹȼ֮һ
һȻٶƶ֮ЩƯҲ׷ʧȥƽ֮ƶ
ոҲиռо˸ȻΪΰߣռ֮Уضһ龪˴ǣǡǴǿ
СǰѰţΪմϢӦԽֲо⸡ռิϢҲܱ⣬ܲӰ졣
ߣҲһδܵռǰǰףĸӦֻﵽףӦ׿ռ䶼ʮֳǿ
ʱԿ϶һռռ䣬Ҳǳˣһ̣ǰȻϢȻԴǵϢҲû˿Ȼ
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ؿǰһƬɫϢ磬֪ж嫣ӦҲ޷͸ȥ
òϢǰ波Խп벻Խȥһ룬֮ѹһҪʮκĴԼܸ֮Ӧز֮һڲ
Ϣǽȥˣǡ
ȴԱߣʩչԪ󷨣˫־ץڴϢ֮ϣֱӿʼڡ


247 
һ˲䣬ȫʼӿһ̣Ըռһ١
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ϧմʵ̫Ҳ޷ԣһһ㱻ĶҲҪܽ
ʵһͻȻ䣬Ժһ岻ϢһֿҪ
ǡˣϢ̫Ϣһռ䲻پһӵռ侫ҲڱϿɡ
Ȼ˽
ļʱʱ
ٴһ󣬲ʮ֮󣬸оѾ޷ն濪ʼվ
⴦ǿռ̫嫣ͻҲܽҵܣ۷ʵҲ֪ҪĶپʱ䣬ҲｫҳҪռ£޷ص½
һ̣֪һ뿪ʹźٻص
һͻҪѰ뿪ռ䷨ӣһ뿪ռ䣬Ȼðջ
ʴˣӵž޴ܵĴǸռ䣬ҲʧȥԵ֡
Զγɵؿռ䣬ҲԼһУĿӡڷ֮УпܣһҪٴ
ʱ֮ôռԵ
ֲԳҲӵдϢҲ֪⴦ռڣǧ꣬ûɲ֪ϧںϣҲ
ವһ·˿ֽϢء
ȵشСԽ֮Ϊֹֺۼھͨס
ɽ򸾻Ѫħм֣״̬ǳãþʯһͬ߶Ѫħ𣬿ϧֻһ㣬ܴ߶ѪħԳõ飬ԳȻǿ󣬵Ҳǳ׳Խɽ򸾣ȻĻѾɱõѪħ𡣡
˭Ҳ֪һᷢʲôɽԼˣԼҲҪȡʵͻȻɱ䣬ӵҿԸô߶汦󷨡ӵԾ֣ҲӵһԱ֮
ٶںɽ³ΣҲ޷֡
һŷɳȣȻԳ̣һɽ٣Ϣ̫Ӵһᱻ֡
ڼռһУҲٶ⴦һЩ˽⣬Ͻһȥ
Լһƽ̹ûжپɽϿȵƽԭش
ɽŷǳңԶǺɽŸǵƬشûʲôտԲʴһƬƽԭشҲûǿԼʿ
ѰøһЩѡһɽشʼóǡʯʼһóǰУȻҲ뾧ʯһ𣬵߶֮һӡǿʼӷҲӿ
֯һʮ󷨣ٷֹйﴳ룬ûϮΧ齣
һУſʼ߶־ʹﵽ۷״̬ͷţһ̣˿˿ͷų
Ҳ֮ǰоһ뺣󣬴˿ȫӿ֮һϢѾӿ⡣
ҲΪ֮ǰ£վ˴ԵʣʱȴٽٵͻȻӿϢԲ֮ſռ䣬⻹ʲôǸӦӿգ֮Уƺܸоһ΢΢ϤϢ޷ȥӦ
δͻƾ˾˱仯һͻأ
ͨ쾳ͻǰ޼ѳɣͻصͻƹ֮УͻһϣҲ֮
Ҳʼϣ͵һοؿռ䣬һȫɱ֮ӵеؿռ䡣
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Ѿͨ쾳ʼӵУ⣬Ҫٽ֮ؿռ䣬һ֮֮ʼͨ棬ﵽѸ߶ȣ
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261 ΪӪ
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ǰ֮ǰȥ޽죬żȻɴ½ϢһЩ˺Ѻۼ͸λǰƿѪħǲѪħ֮У˵ǿռѷ죬ӳȥһ̣˭ûа취ƫƫ롣
޽췢ֿռ˺ѣ
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271 
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һʿһΧǿսǣЩҰ֮أҪò˵ﷸʲôģ

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ռһ˵һ㣬龳Ϊһţսǻ
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ΪЩ˶ͨ쾳֣ڿսǣͨ쾳ȷǿߡ
˵֮󣬻úɽ򣬳Цʲô߲֮ģ֮뿪֮ǻЦͣ
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272 ߵڰ
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274 
ߺɽͲʲôʱǿߣȻ
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275 Ȼɱ
һŰŮòʮ֮꣬ɫȴƲƲ죺Сǧĺѩδڻڼ㣬벻ż꣬㡣
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ȴʼ׷ϣԷǵһС㣬СŽ׳ʲôȱ٣ʼսԼǾǰ߸ϡ
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һɲǼ䣬ɫ΢΢仯Ϊǧĺѩֻһ賤С㣬һΪǿ߹ඥɣԼҲǿ̿УʵѴﵽһ߶ȡ
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276 ڹ޼
ðŶ飬ʵ֮ǰץסһ̣֪Ⱥ޷ֵĴڡ
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߲ơƻҪ޼ڻ֮ǰҪһٿ汦֮󣬽޼ڲΧǰ޼ڣ޼ڿʼеӴܣ޼󷨽Ҳ޷ֶá
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277 常
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278 
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280 ټ
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281 ̰Ĳ
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282 ̯
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283 Ǳ뻯Ӫ
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287 ڹ
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290 ֲ
λ𵱼ü޼嫣ж٣Ҫں޼磬۷ʿҲҪʱ䣬һ˻޷װ쵽绯ռ䣬һǧ˲Ӫӵ޼ͼ
ҪǸʲô͸ʲôе㲻ͷݺƳһߡ
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291 ƴ
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Щɡ˵ӣҲһЩһδ

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潣ֵһɱҪը˫ҲʩչͨԪʱʱ̿ɱΪ˴˫ͫĿ֮ѹѹƣǳԽԪԪڡ
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293 ʰ
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294 һһ£
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˵˵һУ治ż
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ҡңԺҲˣ뷨֮ʣҲӿԶеܣˣҪСԪǵı֮󣬳õ޼ʨ⣬õڵһ쵶ұںϡ߶ǳֲʵѴﵽ۷塣
쵶ô˵Ϊ߶쵶ܴﵽ۷壿˼ҾڳһֻԽֶΣûڳԸͷҲȥСˣĲö룬֣ôһŸ֣Ҿ㡣
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һʮˣ޼ӣţ޼ڸ߲㣬Ȼǳ𡢳ʦҲҪЩ˼ӣӪΪ߲㡣
Σ춼С
ǰһͳֵ֪Ҳ泼һ뷨ҲûУֻʵʵ
˭˵޼һΪȻһǧӣҲʮˣȻ޼ڴ󲿷־ӢȻԪУԭƻʱֻҪ޼磬֪ô֣
Щˣһȡݵƣһϵ
ʵͨӣֻ֣ܿȥѡ񣬱Ԫһֲָμӻɾۻᣬ޼ڴȨ֮ڲѡ
Ԫ޼ʨĴӣнˡԼκθ߲㶼޷
־塢֣ǰ³
˿̣ͷЩӻѡһֵӾڸղţѱɱ
ЩʱУûаǣΪҪʲô
ռҴ˴ֵ֣õǿߡһڳ𣬾ʮ֣ץһ֣ߣһʮȽǿߣɽ򸾻龳
֮ʮĸʿҲӵһɲֻǻҪһʱ
ź֮沢δȥ鿴޼ǧµԴ


296 ޼µ
һ֮䴩󷨣硢׽ʮһְΧͬλһУһһԤκⷢ
۴ɽ򸾶УӦƱ֮ǰռ䣬ѻָң龳ǿ߻ָǳѡ
һҲ׺ɽ򸾶Ȼһס޼磬˽һǶ˾ʧȥһ˿ռ䡣
뿪֮󣬺ɽգ벻Сӱ֮иô췢չô֣պɽʵҪһݡ
޼һˮأ벻һ޼ڣӵֺõطɣѹ֣ԺҲǵģƻָһЩȻָ۷ٶԸ
ҲǣӵһУԺٶǡ
򸾸Դ̡

֮Уʩչ֮ٴţ޼ʩչ֮бҪ
ԶԶ뿪޼Ƭƿռ䣬ʮ֮⣬¸Ԩռʧȥ
޼ܴ˾޼ڵҲԨ֮УҲֻ϶˽󷨣ʵռҲճ޼ǿֶ֮£һռ֮С
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ͼ¼޼µ޼ۣ⸽Ƴ޼֮⣬ʲôԴ
ԭ磬Ϊõ޼С
ӵܶõ޼ں޼Ǿ֪֮޼֮ĳռ䣬һ󷨿ռ䣬ҲһֱѰңΪ֮ڲ޼ڴ֣һֱ
ٶͻȻǰӿ죬֮¶һ˿ЦݣΧ֮УһȻص޼ۡ
ǽռȻ򵥣Ȼһ̤ռʱȻһɰȻӵס޷̤֮С
˲ʩչ޼Ǿͷ޼ע֮У벻һͨȻγɡ
ԭҪ޵޼Ǿܽֲ޼ڵõ޼ǧ꣬ûһ˷ܣʵƺпܣǿշ޷뿴ʴһֱ
ܸͨо޼һӡϢռݣȻǳԳ޼֣֮¿Ǵˡ
һͨͷǰһӴ̳ƵĴڣΧֱһһ֡
߶޼Ǿ̤Уһڷ̳ϷҲ֪̤بſռ䡣
𽥿̳ƯŴ󷨷ϸһȻﵽһ˿飬ǾˣⲻÿһͷųƽİϢԭκһ鶼ۡ
޼һһ˵ۣЩ۷ⲿ֮Щ۷໥Ӧֻں۷޼磡
Ȼ²ٶ֮̾࣬·Ϸһ˵ǰһ汦Լҩ
˵ǾˣҲ̫࣬һǿһۼƵıǰ޼ڵڱ
ԴǺöƷʶ汦ƷʶԽϾ̫࣬е汦ѪħƷʲ࣬޼ȻʲôǿߣҲ龳ǳԽ龳ڡ
¶Դ֮󣬱пϷһ˵۷һֱ봥
ں͵޼磬޼ǿ޼߶˵ʰɽ򸾣ٶ༸龳ͷҲ赲ǻɱ޼ǸһݴֻҪں޼磬Ҫܳһʱ䣬һҪ޼ںϡ
֮̾࣬ʼͷ޼ӿϷۿռ֮С
޼עڲ벻ڲֹ״̬ʼϢӿԸоڲϢ֮󣬲һεѪ
һһ˵ѪӿϷʼһ۷ںϣһʯ޼ںϡ
޼ڣ
ڲնԣסϷǺ嫽磬ʱʱ̴̿ڹâ˸ԼضɽҡĺС
ǰЩڲ̤ѩ壬ǰǰ羰뵣ͬΪһƬ档
ҵҲһӣŸ죬ֲһɽ֮ϣÿһɽǧˣԪľ硢ˡзᮡȻÿһ˸һɽ壬Ϊɽɴ󷨡


297 ɱ
ӴǧӲעӿ벿Ĵĵ졣
Ԫͬһɽ֮У˵ˣҲܼ¬¬ںϢ
޼ڵǰ죬ڹ²飬ʱһȫĴ
˿̣ԪǰǲǸáÿ޼磿Ͼ޼⼸꣬ûбȫա
ͻȻһģҲܲˣŵԼּ꣬żһʱ䣬ֳ龳Ĵӡ
˲ˣԪҲûȥ
ȥ޼һˣ׼ΪΣס
ȭ֮תȥ
Ҫˡ
󷽵֮У¬ɫ仯粻ʱʱΧ˽ͷӶ
ڶ󣬿
ƯһƬգһ޼ӡֽӡ·
һӡ·ʯ󺣣һ㶯ҲûУҲδڿǰֳ⡣
δ󷨣
ϷΪȻ޼Ҳղ֮࣬ǰûгʲôأһΪΡ
ִӡǣ֮ǰ·֮С
ջûзӦͻȻһͻȻͷͨԪϢ
ͨԪϢʧΧ֮󣬿˿·üͷԽ
һֻԪԽն벻ٶȡԪ಻
ԪԶԶһɨأףʲôԾ
˵ղͷԪԼӡ߶ڴ˵ͨͨһֱûзӦ֪޼⣬ͨ⣡
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ͨ޼Ӳգܳ⣿ҲԽӡ֮󣬳˵Ԩʲôûг֡
һʱ˱˴˿ű˴ˣԪĪǻ͵͵Ǳ޼磿ԣ
пܣǿҲпܣͨ޼ǿɣܳ⣬ڼǰûʲô⣬ʲôڼڶֽţ
ȥǣǹ޼ڻҴӱͱӡ
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Ԩһڴӵ¿ɵ쾮һɶԪǰ
κ֮󣬹ǧ֮£һͻȻأ󷨺޷ۿ
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ȴ󷨣޼֪ˣ˵֮£һͬһ⡣
գۼ˴󷨣ǰǷǳϤռ䣬·һ˾޴磬޼嫽졣
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һ˲䣬ڲڵ۽ռڣɽƯڽ֮󣬿Ÿոս֡
ɽ˵ΪУҲһҲҶ֡
ɽĵϧƻδָ֮ûѪħҪԸҲҪܴۣЩҪ޼磬ҿɲԸط治пδҰռ
ಣ
˿̣·һӰܼǳȶ
ǽǵˡ͸󷨣һ㿿󷨵ˣ΢΢һЦ
ɽӭӶô죿
Աߣһעӽ죺ǻ˿޼磬޼ڸӡȻʩչ޼磬߶һ޷ɱǿ˰ɣǸͷ˰̵ĺ߾ǿˣһ龳ǿߣǰоһɽΡȻڷֲǶˡ
Ƕ״̬ò´ˣɽ䲻Ӧһ䡣
Ȼ滹֪ǻл
עѾԽԽĸ֣˿̸һоһǿߵƶơ


298 
磬컹жʮɣԪȻ˫һϣʱ󺧣Ȼӽ֮иӦ˿ǰڲĴ󷨡ӡϢ
ҲüͷһҡͷҵҲǡ
ǿ߿üͷӣͷԪӦȥڲȻв޼ӡǰ󷨲ڽʧǰǿҲʧ֮ⲿ쿴ȥ𣬿˴ڲֽŽ󷨸ı䣬ǰκ󷨡ӡӽʧɸɾʴδ߶޷˿Ӧ
ߵһף𳽺òŭһ˭ֶΣϢȻռ˱ڵ޼磡
ڲƵЦǺǣ֪ܿ˭
ɲǣͶˣԾʶԪҲͬɫ
ˣ
һڽϣȻڲͷһ⣬Ȼ󷨾һӰΪ˫ֵ档
ţ棡
Ԫһ𺳣ŭΪƱԭӣֲϤ汾ĴѰ㣬Ȼһ
֮䣬浱泰ЦĪ˼Ԫ㿴Ͳ޼ڵӣĴΣܲңĻǰǷƨ˳ΪĴӣ޼ܲ𣿡
겻¼Ƥӹٴ򿪽죬ԿǷŹ㣬̡Ȼһϼơ
ǺЦʱ˼ʼ壬ԼĻţҶһǼƤ޼ϣɵӻ˫ַϣ
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һҪΪУһġ
ΪУұͲѣֻҶ޼ǿˣ޼ڶҶû˿壬ʽ֪ͨ㣬Լǣ޼УǾĪ̤һ
ͻȻ˲ҿһͬӵ޼ڣ
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ԼҪ
Ԫף޷侲ŷâ˵ɱɲǼ
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δϹ죺ұϣΪֹڶǿУһҴ𳽣Ϊҵĵֻһ³ǾҵУΪ޼磿ΪϻڣȺɢ£ܶȡ޼硢޼ڣ
Ԫ߶汦
ѰһЦȻںңҵǿУҲǶҵϿɣҲԸ㣬̤Ҳ֮ͬҵĵһǿУֶλҪһ㡣
֣ǱٵڽɱһӣԪǶ֮һɱӣ󷨷һҪڽ֮һڡ
ˣ
ƱΪĲ֮⣬
ȻµĻǿˣ˽ͷ֮һۿȥֻһƣȴǧףΧʧ
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龳һ䡭
Ϊ˫ƣǿʮп桭
ӣȵȵȣȿܲܺ޼磬ٿûƿӣ
һ̵ʲվ̫ˣĿ֮дԪѹȡ


299 ޷޼
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ӡ֮£Χӿ˿˿׻

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Ҳһμܴ߶𣬻Դ˵֮е龳ǿߡ
ΧƿʼΪ׻״̬ðããռͻȻΪһƬ졣
׻ָ
գۼ䣬˱֮ƣ֮Ӷұָۣȼճ˻棬سһ̤
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һһɶྪ˵צӡȼӥצӣѸͶץڽ֮ϣӿػˣָ֮ڽϷһּɱƽĴ
󷽵棬ۿȥҲͰ׾룬ڶԷָ֮£Χһﶼǿֲˣǽ챣׾ڻ֮¡
Ȼܵ𵴣ȴ𺳣ǰռ䣬̹Գɽ龳ͷ΢΢ݣ龳ίʵԵǹ޼֮ĵ󷨣Ȼܴһӳ
ǰֲͬ޼ѱһ֣龳ơ߶ܸӦ󲿷֣˵󷨳ܵĹһͬܡ
ðԵ޼磡
һ޼ûκα仯ǿڵ꣬ǧ꣬Ǳ½󲿷ֵطȥҲһʱ䣬֮ĵ֮⣬󷨣һСС޼ڣ˭˿Եﵽ龳۷߶ȵĽ󷨣
кȻһӰ޼ǰǵʿģ޼ֻõǰ޼ڹԼ޼޵ֶΣܽ޼㾪󷨣һҪδԽ
Ԫں˿ˣ޼紫޼ڽ֮ǰʹˣڿɽʦⷢ޼磬ŵ޼Ϸ޼ڣԵҲû֪޼羿˭˽ɡ
ͣ
ǽ˫ͬһӶο˫ͬʱץ˻ˣһָ˳һ㣬һ˸һƶɱ졣
ڲ֮е侳пԵһʱǱը𣬼ǰǧȼջˣ˻ǣ˵һǳضҪΪ
ⲻͨ棬𣬻龳ͷʩչǿٱ
ҪҪǳ֣һֱ죬Ҳ֪ܼܲȥ
ں֣ڲٳĬ˵
ҡҡͷҲ򿴿޼쾿жǿһ䣬Ժ޼磬˵Ҳ޷мܻڹƣҼˣʩչֶδӻڿԶڿոصһͨԪ񣬶Ԫǳֲ龳ͷȻʵˣǿ˿Ժ磬ôԻڶԣ޼Ͳʲôˣ
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ȻһȼָӡžžڶҲ͸죬ʼ޼紩͸
˰Ե˹ƣ޷޼纳Ψ˺Ǻˡ
Լʮ֮󣬿˺һڻ˱֮УͻȻץһںɫ潣
ǿںɫ潣ͷų˺ѿռһ䣺潣ϾüϾһƷ汦ôںɫɽӦƷƷ汦
ȷǿڲ潣ʿӵһƷ汦ﵽƷ汦ϵı۷ʿʹãﵽƷ汦龳ǿ߲ԦõҲû˿ôƷ汦ǼһѪħһƷ汦ɽ˵һ䡣
ԭѪħƷ汦ֲϾ֮һȣȫûпɱԣƷ汦ҲȷǹԵģɽ龳ǿ֣޷ȫ߶
ݣ
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ǵԪһʱպüϨ𣬶޼֮Ͽ˿ӡ
ɵÿ˲Ȼһŭ߶ɫ潣潣Ϊһɶ೤޼֮ϣһɱ֮УưǳضҪڽ֮¡
ײ֮޼Ȼûгκοӣʹ档
һ޼û˿ۼ


300 Ϊ
һ
ͻȻӺ󷽷ԪҲһԣƯڿңһɭɭ޼硣
ʵϿ˹Ҳ龳䡢಻ĸ߶ȣһܺ޼𣿡
һϢɤۡ
Ԫӡʼע˺ɫ潣֮У֮Ҳ߶潣һɲǼ䣬ɫ潣ð˺ѽƣſ˫һƣѸһɱ޼硣
֮һڲ汦ֻҫۣ֮һ·ضɽҡһ㡣
ٿ޼磬Ȼû˿ζԼۼǿƽֽ赲ɫ潣п޼磬Ǿ޷һ󷨡
Ԫ֮Ҳ޷޼硣
ôܣԪ˺һЩ¾޼󷨣ǰҲ޼ڴνһɣΪε֮ռ磬ǿȳ죿ģղһǻڵ죬Ҳᱻɱһ
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СǸ̥ΪǺɽħźᣬ벻޼ڵӣֶһռ䡭ɽŭ޷ȷ̫ż˵һõѪħСʱ򡣡
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ͻȻһӽ촫
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棬һͬ첻ڣ棺ĪҪˣڵǿģܳưԴ½꣬ûںöԸҵȻ޷κ޼磬ǻڲһУǴˣӦҺһ޼ԸڣʱɱҾ֮⣡
м֮ɫüۣ˵ʵҲףƻô꣬ҲҪΪǿߵĴڣһɽݶѵ㲻ףж֪ģҲ£ûǰǿ޼ھϿǰС̫۾Ҳ޼ӵ޼ְԵ󷨴ڣ
շһһɽݶߣһɲǷϾͷԨӡ
ǲܾСӣ
ӵԨɳɲǣգϤʱʱ̿Ȼڷơ
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ڵûиϾɱնݳ֪нĻʱ޼ڲù˼ô࣬ɱذϣдһĻ֣̿ˣϴſһǿȡ֮Լûر
һֱɫĿˣʵɱһֱ˫֣֮ӣǴ˵֮еĴڣǱ½û֪֮㣬ǳ׵κһ㣬һʿһӵСӵһ֮¾Ȼûƾǰ𵽹ؼá
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Ϸ߶汦ȫ۷ʵ֣ܿƻ޼˿ƣ̫С޼ڣܳһ龳޼Ͳˣ벻ռ˲ϷþǻҲԺ޼硣


301 
٣ǾŹ棿
ŹǲǱǺú취⣬и³ֻϧū޼粻֪
һʱûжԸӣϼһͨӡټһٶԨϷ󷨡
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ռͻص޼ڣһֱûʱأ˲ؿռ䡢ز֮Ԫ꣬ѪȵֶʱҲҪʱС
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ѪںѪ֮УгΣŲϳȫÿ䡣
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ѪÿһֻжˣԽԽ࣬ԺѪѪԶԶԪ󷨣
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һͻȻâһ˲ںһڰ֮лΪ׶ྪ˾蹥ơ
Ʋ̺֮ǿƻԶΪﵽ䡢䡣
˿沢δܣͣ壬вδɱϾǵħ˫۳ϷնƣͻȻץɳӡ
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Χһ飬ͻȻ¶ӲЦݣûƣ˻
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𲻵һͷ˴ִڣҲһ߶ȡ

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һըȻƷڷϷը֮ΪһƬ𺣣˳װΧȼա
һҽ𵴶ԭһʿΪʵҲڵһʱ޷ѱɣΪһȼյĻˡ

ⲻͨ棬һ㳣̬ƻ־ͨǶʿûвʿơ˲䱬ͨ
һͨʿΧҲ֪𣬵벻һʱ䲢δϨ𣬷֮ɡ
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311 
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319 һѪͨ
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ҲδʩչѪ𹥻Ϊһ̣ѪȻΪͻ״̬
Ѫ𣬻ãֻͨ״̬Ѫ֮󣬾ͻΪһֻ̬

ȼԽԽң֮ǰ滹úܿʧǴˣһ֮Ѫȼո͡
Ӧб仯ԵزһλΪѪѪѪΪѪľ˸ı䡣
ԽԽ޷ƣͬʱѪȻʼϯȫǿѪԺ֮Уȫ¶ΪѪ仯Ѫ˳ϯ
Ҳ޷ƣͬʱǵоѪⱻյʹࡣ
ǧ޷ƿأȻԼҪѪ
ֵزʣľ
һνһܵ𵴡ȼգѪ֮ڲ飬ʹ޷ݣѪҲһȼա
Һܿ쿴ƤӿһЩҽһʣǶҺ塣
Щ֮дŸ󣺡ôʡһ㶼ϴ衢ͻƾŻ仯ѵΪѪΪѪȻѪɱ䣬Ƿҵϴ衢ҵ

ʿ˶зʽ֣ղԴȻڽϴ衢ںϣǳ̬
һִ뷨ںϣںϾ֮Ҫ˲ؿռ䣬ڣҪȥںϾ
еĴ˵ӵ֮ʿ᳣աлõ˰Ȼзʽֻ۷֣龳ǿ߲
ָ߹ඥҲһִǧҡ׼ҡִӣͻõֹඥŵҲָ޼ǲֵܳģΪΪ߹ඥҲԸֻнϴӰ죬ĸԸƽ޹ʣԼȥΪӴϴ衣
ʱ͸Ӳء
󲿷ʿʿйϵҲ˵ǴʿԸ
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Ҵʲôƻһ޷͵ĴȻǴҾҪúãʹΣ
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֮󣬸ӿڣ벻ȻѪٶȸӾˣƤӿʸ࣬һһ㡣
ٴθӦزѪ󣬴ʱΪһƬѪ״̬ܾòҵѪڡ
ѪΪѪ֮󣬾һվصֻ澭ӦѪȷûʶ֮Ӧûеõ˿ջ񣬽Ӧ͸ѪڲһѪҲֻѪûڡ


320 üĻӡ
ƺֻһѪܵɱ䣬Ѫ̬Ѫ仯波ԿѪѪҲ޷仯̬صͨҺѪ״̬һѪ
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滹һ뵽֮ǰͻһ̣Ϸѣྪ˱仯
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봦׾ͼһα仯ΪѪѪѪǿѪ˿ֻôһѪΪѪ
ѪѪڵز֮УȻѪ̬ͬѪԼȻϵһ
ϧҲδѪѪʲôʶعͻȻоȫǹˣѪ֮ǰҲȻͬѻΪ״̬ﵽ״̬
ѪǴѪϡ٣ѪĴδѪõ


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ѪǵѪһ֣ǴնɱӦþһ־ѣѪѣ
пܾصѪʷɱ䣬ϧ½ֻ֮оа֪ѪʣڿȷѪѣһѪξѣһξѳѪ𣬵ڶξһѪΪѪ
Ľ泩״̬ãǷ֮ǰһ޷ݵɱ䡣
ﻹҵΪδջǷһѪϡ
ôһѪͻȻͨ״̬ɱΪѪȻ͸춯صĴȫͻһ磬仯
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㱼䣬оһӴԺһƬ֮Уץסʲô޷õ϶
޷ҡҡͷѪɱΪѪӦѪûйϵϾѪڣӦһѪѡ
ȥоѪԴͷ˿״̬δйĺãٴ߶Ѫʣһʬִ߶ӿ޼ԼΪһɹɷֱӿһ˵֮С
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۾ɵȻȻͻ̬Ȼָһץһ߶ྪ˵ľֱӴȼ״̬Ϊһͷȼͻһһڽʮ鱦ʯ̽С
һ㶼Ѱ״̬Ҫ̬仯ҪϵȥԦʩչҪ̬޳ֻǿ߶̬ͨȻڲýӡֻƾ𣬾Ϊ𻢣һڹϾͶһֶΡ
һ𻢡
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ҪϵҪһЩϵΪӣͨںϻϵϻϵ𣬱޼ڣʹδʲôҲδκһʩչ
ʮӲУҲУȻҲֻǴδʩչ
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þΪĻȼջһЩнӡһӡӿҺ֮С
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Щӡǿɲ򵥣һҪҺ֮󷨣ɷ̬˵ӡ󷨾ǷĹ
ٴһЩرۣЩ֮ǰӡǲͬԴִ٣ÿһۿʼ֯һ󷨼ӳڷ룬󷨾Ƿڲռ䣬Ǵ洢Ŀռ䣬ҲǷڲԴ
쵯ָ𻢳ʧȻһɫ߳ķϣǳԲ󣬶Ҳǳͨ͸һͲǷƷʿͨĥĹƷ
üҲһε麹ϾһƷһֱĥЩ֮û⣬ôƷѳɹ롣
һԺöƣҳһƵҩȻûר޷鵤ԪֵҩƸѰ鵤ֱںϳһֻһҩĻҩ裡
Ƴɹͣ㿪ʼо
̤ʿԣĴֶΣֱƷƵҩƷԼ
һ㣬ͨ쾳Ϳʩչ򵥾
ղֻ࣬ɵ⣬ӵľ
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鵤ֻһֵҩ˺ͨʵ֣ͨ߰ʮֲͬһЩʯձں϶ɣֻоϸõҩҩﵽ״̬
Ҳˣ뵤һϾرԼʱ䡣


322 
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֮׵Ķ࣬ҲʮֲҪռʩչ󣬱ɱŽΪ̫£Ҫǧġƺһͬ
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֮֮ǰʩչ鵤ı鵤󷨣Ȼעħ綾Ƴɾ綾ҩһڸַ£ѾһЩ顣
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мܲסգһ֮һҺʼ֮г֣ӡ֮󣬽ҺʼʧΪһźܰҩ衣
Ϊ򵥵ĵҩʵ鵤û鵤еĻһʱƳ
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ٴμѪɫɻͷųһΧѪںϡ
֮ǰһЩԥѪɱΪѪǲйأҿԿ϶ٻһЩ
Ѫ˵һʿһУһѪȻΪѪ޷͵顣
޷ֶεʿܿѪ޷κһѪһΣȫѪų⣬ѰʿѪޱصģƶϼѣԻѪɱ䡣
һѪΪѪֻһܣ仯ǰչһ飬ֻ飬֮δ̺ѪѪɱ䡣
ϴμǹ֮УزҲͻȻֹһͷѪʱӦͨ޼룬Ѫ𽥾ѣǴμѪδΪѪżȻֺ֣ܿʧ
ֱһѪɱΪѪȻϴμĪҲΪĪĳЩϢ֮ĳڷ޷͵ı仯
ϴβѪ֮гѪӰӣλ֮мһ޴԰ʱѪΪʵѪǾ˵Ǵμ벻ΣѪӡ֤һ㣬ĹȻҲʵģڻԺ֮ȥ
ԺȻƯһģҳ԰ʲô԰һƬƮƯԺ
ȻѪɱΪѪϴμѵõӡ֤ʵģʲôξô԰ζʲô
ֻԺͨ룬ٿܲҵ𰸣ڸо״̬ǳӦÿԳ䣬󷨷ҲڲںϣһںϾͿԽз޼ڣҲſԳƿ޼硣
ȥ԰£ǵѪΪѪҲʱ͸ʼУɴԴ
ǰͱͬʿӴʮٴɱ䣬ôǳʮʮ䣬Ҫ࣬ͬʱҪԴҲǳʮ
һһһ鵤ȴҪսʮһ䵤ҩôֲ
´ӶֵĸԴڴ٣ʱԴӴ󣬵ȥһա


323 Ԫٷ
޼Щ߼ԴȻôѹôʿóôǣĸԸⷽ档
˿̣޼Ϸ
ǧ׵ԨڣȻ󷨸ǣһٶ޼ڵƿ󷨣ȻӣϷѲӡ
˶ã˵·޼Ԩڣ벻޼һȴȥ龳ǿҲ޷֮ǰſˣֿԵֵڹƣӣһΧ
Щʮӿ޼Ҳû˿ã˷ƷŲ֮Ҫ߽⣬һ·ɣܸܲԪһߵڣ˱ʲô֣ʱֻǵ汳Ȼɪɪ˵
ؼҲ֣֮·޼粻֪
Ҹ֣Ҳһͬ·ʧȥϵֶ֪Σ
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Χ˼󷨣˴Խĸ߿գܿǰˣ֮Ǹơ
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޼һǿߣ˳𡢳ʦǰ죬ӱ
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з齨飺ǲԴУ취ûǷ޼磬ܴܲŴȥһͬ޼һӣ
ⲻʵʱȥֹ޼磬һ㶯ҲûУǺҲһһӦ޼ȫʧȥƿأҲ޷ʱԪҡͷ
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ԪڵʱţֱӿҪڡ棬ΪǶڿɱ˻ڵӣڻһǴ־棬桢Ҳ棬뻯˫ͬԸˣǿ뻯ίߣǲ𣿵ǲƫƫ֪䣿
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ԪͷŴƬΧӪһӣֶǳ𡢳ʦָ߲㡣
޼ڴ󲿷ָ߲㶼ˣʮΪһЩΧȴţϰӡ


324 ޼뻯ڵĽ
һ̲ǴϢ֮գһ޼ڵӣͻȻڿֲѹй£մﻯҲˡ
޼ڲӰɫ֮У󷽳֣鶼ǣγ֮ɵ޼һЩԪӺˡ
һٶӣͨ쾳ҲͷһüͷٴС

Ȼ䣬Ӱ
ԭǻŵӣΪ𳽣һ˫Ŀ⾼񣬵ճХ벻ҵĺõܵܣ޼ڸ߲㡣
֮ڣ޼ڶٵһ߲֮е
ɱ֮һЦ𳽣ҿ㲻ͬˣڸΪֻ޼һӰˣʲô¶Ĵϸ𡣡
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Ϊ޼Ĵӣ޼ڵӶܵѹ֮ʣվ˳
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Щӵӣ޼޹ϵԪǹϣȫȻЩӷС
㣬Щ޼ڵӼǵ棬ѪһأȻڻǷ󹥻һƬ첻֮ΪһƬ
ѵ޼̰֮ԪѾԵúǿӲͻȻһתôǱڵӣ֣Ŷ˼꣬ҶûռˣȻ˫ͣսи飬ϣڿԲɡ
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Ȼմ߶е˺һ
޼ӣΧͬɽ忪ʼ˺󣬳ǳ׳ۡ
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˫֮ڣʮɾͣ£ʱ˫ܸоԷжԵһ˫˫Žţʱʱ̼̿䶼ύ֡
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Ԫȭ޼뻯ȫûбҪٶȥǿԾʹ֣
˵־Ͱ֣Ȼ䣬ǧľһʵһ㣬߳һȻ󱧽Ц
ƺҲһЦǰһ꣬Ĵһ޼ڡ
ԪܲˣΧ߲ҲǺ޲ö֣ǶԪǿԽһף㹻֣֮仯ɸΪ񲯣
ףǻͻȻ
˵ǻѰһڡ棬УǻĴѰ棬˵ϻǻõĶһ鱦񣿡
ȷˣĪ֪䣿
ɲǣԶݡ
Χ˶סû֨ʱ߲˵ʸ
ԪףץڣѵõҪĶһȥ棬֣֪䣬һǣоųɿץӡ
𣿡»ͻȻüЦŵҲǳ쳣̬֪䣬֮䵹ǿԺú
ȻЦ֣ҽҲԣǰǵǩһЭ飬޼ڣӣ֮ڳⷽñ֤ǧ֮ڲٴζԱڷκιģж
ǰǲҪ̫ˣһˣ㻹ôŵ֮һ𳽷ȡ


325 Ϊ
ۣ֪ǻѰɢ޼ΧѰ䣬ǿԺú飬һͿǺ׶Ը뺣⡢ɢʲô޼ڲ֪
Ԫɨ𳽣ֿ򻯵ˣھǵҪ֣ǴԼսƣռ˵ĲǻڣҲ޼ڣǺ⡢ɢһУĲ޼ڣǻڣ𣿡
ܿ϶䣿Ȼһֱ˼ԷҪ󣬴ʱɫһؿԪ
Ԫ˫ȭףȻܿ϶䣬޼һ֤ܱ֤Χ棬ڻܲץס棬ǾͿûб¡
ҲףȻˣǺã޼ҲˣʲôֶΣҲҪ޸һ㣬޼ڴӴȻ޼УֻҪӦһ㣬ϡǩЭ顣

ںһԶ޼ڵӶС
ԪҲȻһΧ߲Ҳˣʾ⻯˵ȴһ󣬱תһ߲㡣
һ˲䣬һӰдԪ֮ȻЩ֣ǿԱ޼ڡ
ĲֻҪܱסеԼԴӦǣȵ¼һȥδǿơ
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326 ͻ
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327 ǿǿɱ
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328 
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ȷû޼ڴͨۼԼϢʥ˵ڴʱԪˣһһӣΪռ죿Ӵռ䣬龳Ҳ޷һƿء
ԪЦ⡢֪СӴӽ޼쿪ʼһֱǸ̥Ӵӿʼ˼ܣҲţڶռ¼֮УֻճΪִ¼һ񣡡
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ĸ߲㣬ǶšŵĴ˲䶼档


329 
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ԪȻЩ޼ڸ߲㣬һҲǴľȫ벻̶ʱһǿߣһݺȻǰ
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ԻΪףʮᾪƣšš齣ɽλİһ


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Щ˱Ͳһ̤龳۷ʵҲѳ䣬ӵн龳ʵ
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ӣҲһ


331 ֵ
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˭֪ʱ޷ͣǹڡϼ̵ǰһ˾ϵǢҲ޷ʱʱ̼̿һһ
ǵǼ˸ˡ
šš齣ɽ龳ͷҲԸƶ޼Խ
߲Ҳ¡
ͻ״粨ֹȥеӶڸԵУڵĻڡšűȻһǷҰ˾ҧԪΪĴӣȻѹס档
ӡ
¬¬Щ˳Ա׷׾ۼΧڲԶʱʱΧ
ԭִ£Ĵﶷ𣿡
ڸ߲۵ݣΧʱһƬ
Ǵӽ쿪ʼʵʵڸԶʵУǧĪȥڼۣ϶޼ڵӳʱ˭ǲԼԿͷҡ
ǡ
˹
֣֮֮£ϼ̸һУ֮Ļص޼硣
޼𵴼޼ҲӦ˿жЧڳһģôӣ
һ̤޼磬һ˲䶼Ӧ֮Уо޼ֻصİ״̬
ϼȥ󷨴ɽԼˣȻֱӴϼͬʱַܿһӰ
޼ӣ
ȥɫ޴룬֪ͻȻǺ⡣
޼ڱԼɽָƿأڶ޷飬ʵûָܳȥֻӺ
пܿռ䡣
ΪӣȻ޼ϤԨشҲһЩ
ˣ
һϼһ֮
ȴһۼһӣĽһ̲ƺ뿪޼硣
ǰϼ̳ȥһˣϼҲʶһ͵ϮšţɱǧӣһԻڵݺڣϵʴ޼ʱ̫Σ
зӦΡȻǰ޼ӣֻһ仰Ȼ˰磬̰Ҳ뿴޼ڻɣ
˻һɫѿǡǲ룡
㿴ô֣龳ǿ߶Уȴֻϼ̣ҲǣǾÿ㣬Ͼͬţ𣿡
ʲô¾ԥ
㲻˽ţֲȥԸڣĴкɢңΪľҴӿ֮µõһ鱦鱦ںһ֣ұھʱںϣʴҪϼڽ֮ΪһںϱԸ⣿


338 ڵ
Ը⣬Ը⣡
ܵǽóǶǶΣ
ٿ϶һ䣬ϼ̡ٴι
ܿһһҿʼͷһ磬ϼ̡硣
ʼӿڲӿܵǿڱ
ƽͬʱǱóһ񣬷׷۾񣬺־̾ôһ鱦ô½𵴣ڲȻܡ
һע뱦֮Уܿһ󷨡ӡڱ㣺鱦ںϺü꣬ҲںҵѪǰںϴǵ飬ͨ쾳ںʵ̫޷һ󷨣ϼ̡ʵǴﵽ۷壬һܿ
ں֮ӿ뱦֮УͷŵϢϢѾκų⣬໥ںϡ
ϼ̡Ҳ潹ȴţֲע״̬
ԣʶ͸ڱڲ󷨣õʶϼӿٶԼƣںһӡִ֮µĽ֮Уӡںϡ
ڲдۣԳһ磬󷨣ǱǳˣȻ챦ߣһ֡
ڲ󷨱Ͼˣоܴﵽ汦ƷƷָ߶ȣѪħ࡭
Ȼ񲻷Ǳ޼ǲܶ࣬ȴֱһ汦Ķࡣ
ʱ䲻ںϱϣϼ̡Ҳó龳ҩǷá
ԼһŲͼ
ºҹҹ˶ȫ߶Ȼͷʶ״̬ͻȻռһ硣
ϡܿԼͼΪ֮һ𣬽ʶԪõ£ҿʼԪ괩󷨡
Լ֮ȫ״̬ڴ󷨣˿ӦΪռ䣬ڲһƣʲôûУȻһŨҵĴϢϢñںϡ
ԪС֮ǰϸϸһڲȻһЩģڲͼ֮һͼԼһĻ
ҲͷųϢӦþǱߣһͼһϳԿعΪһӡͼֻһ֣ͼȻǴ򿪵عԿס
һģдԪǰżȻǱ½ڴ֮¿ռ䷢ɴǾɵһǱ½ؾɣֳ֮Ϊ½ԴԭǴں½ԴȻںǱ½Ǳ½Լ;ʵʧܣԪ֮¶Եܵõǣܽ붴лںϡ½ԴӶӵд½羫Ϊһ½ӵߣԪʣ
ԭǵع֮УԪµĶҶ֮£һɴ
ģãһδͷβÿһĿ顣
ʵ˷˼ԭع֮£Ǳ½оһǴ½Դ̺½
Ԫԣһʿںϴ½Դܳں½Ϊ½ߣҲͿȡĻڣԼκ
Խʱ˿׻Ϊһ鱦ΪηҪعӡǧ֮á
һֱ棬һֱȥֱһ컯յعõ½ԴΪ½ߡ
ܵõ鱦ʱ˺ͣעлõǱ½
Ŵģ濪ʼĦȭơ
ȻΪ˶ˡҡ
Ǳ½֮һɵĴ½ԴԪȻ˭˿ں½Դ͵ںǱ½
ζʲô
ǡȷ½Դ͵Ͼϵһں汦汦ˡ
ͬһܵõ½ǣһ½ԴںϣǱ½ˣΪڴ½֮ϣͬ߶һ绽꣬ܡ
һҲýͣΪλڽع棬Ϊһ鱦Ѱ桢ڣɢҲΪ˶ǱŴ½Դ˭Ϊһ½ˡ
ں鱦ҵںһйϵͨ쾳ʼ뱦ںϣڽڲǧڣҲѾ֪ܣǺɢҲӦ֪ܣ򲻻˷Ѱұ񣡡


339 ڱص
ӵ֮һǵعһݣڲд½ԴҲԪһУΪȻ޷ʴ˴ӽʼһҪʵûʵǴ½ԴֻܿŰװױͷռУ
ʱŰȻͼķ׷֮С
ϸͼͼиָӡ֮һͼǿعΨһ취Ҳõı
ͼںϣͬʵǵһֿڲռԪµϢԼǾҪⱦڲһգϲʬ壬һڶʱǿ󡣡
֮潫˲֮У봢䡣
˲أʱʱ̿ںϣǳ㣬Ҳ֮һ
֮ʧ濴ƣϼ̡ںϱҲ֪Ϊλ뺣ɢҪõԭ֮ǴعǰһµĶڲвٱҪȡԵʣһ飬ڲֱһݿعĲͼѾձǵعһݡ
ҡͷֲˣǵعȻбأǰǿߡҲŽ꣬ǵعڵ±ȻڻԴԶǿžͷȻµĵعҲԽһ޴õع͵ӵгưһĵ̡
ϼҲ̾Ϣԭֵ֪Щӣֻ֪֮һصعҲȥΣ֪ڲʲôֻоһعܽڿ롣
ڱȻ֪ڲвͼһڻõ鱦ָ߲ҲҪء
Ѳǻڵˣ˼ô
龳ƷʵҩǶȥϷںϣǿʵܴﵽָ߶ȣǶ־ܿһ龳֣ʱҵõعҲ֤ػǼʱ̤龳Ϊ½ͷ
Ƕ߾ȫ
ֻһžҩָ߼ҩܰǳ龳Խͬڸ֡
Ȼ⣬˴ӱѹһ쿪ʼԽʶľֶΣһһʿȻѹ龳ͷ뻯Ȼ⣬Ѿȥݣ˲񼣡
뿪Ԩһᣬһȥ󷨡
ּ޼óһ˵۷ںϣﵽһ״̬֮ͻȻεõʬץ
ʮʬ壬߶ȣһ䵽䣬ҲдԴ
óôʬ壬ȻҪһҲͬʱôʬǾаҲ޷
Ѫжնٰɣ
ȴ龳ͷ޷漣֮˫һģһֻֻѪʼγһֻһֻһ֧ɵĴ
ѪԼһٶֻ֮ǰͷŵʮʱֻͷʮֻͻ֮ʵɱı仯
һٶֻѪֻΪһ飬һͬʬһȫȥֻҪѪձֱ֮ӻصڽ³ˡ
ϾһƷ汦ѱں߰˰ˣ̤䣬ϾҲȫںϣҲ޷ٶԿﵽ۷Ķ֣ԺҪѰһ汦ƷƷ֮䣬Ѫħ𣡡
óϾһںϣѪҲȼգ渧ϾѪħǲѱ龳ںǧ꣬ںѪħ𣬱ǿаںģֻȥѰ汦Щռǿӵе汦ƷҲͼﵽƷ汦ҲֻӵжƷ汦Ʒ֮١
ϾҲһ·նϧֻһƷ汦ȻҲа취汦Ʒʣû龳־ͷ޷ʵġ
һںϱ֮ڵľһһ߾ʬ徫Դںϡϰ磬ҲϳϣǳأͻƶԪ仯̫ԪУΪ龳ӵԪ񣡡
һſƷʵĸ߼ҩ֮һʱںʵ
ѪҲڲȼգѪΪ˶𶯡
ѪҴδʩչڹ֮УͬͨУջ۲ʩչǿǣԽǿԽǿ󣬶һƣԲýӡͷţܳʱͷţĵֻ


340 ͻ

ֶ֮Ρ
ָһһȼͻ˳Ϊɶྪ˵ȼշɻһ־ʹȿµȼ
ǣҵѲͨ״̬ѪѻΪֻѪҵȻȻΪͻ״̬
Ѫ
־ͷųһȼշɻͻڰȼգǻһץһֻ߳ȼյѪˡ
һһҲȼգҲ߶ܳʱ䱣ȼ״̬
ǾĻʱʱ̶̿ǴҲʮѡ
ѾǳԵӲмܣԸͷֶΣѪͷŻ淢ơ
治ϵѪݱֹƣԽӦ֣ѪѰʿӶ֪Ĵڡ
½Ҳа֪Ѫ
ֶһЩѪγȥʬѪԽ࣬ʬԽˡ
ԴԼʵһһ䡣
ϻ޼ƣϧ߶һΣ޼һֻ֣ڹؼʱ̲ʩչ
ıϿɲɽЩ֣ͨԼ޼޼޼ֶΡ
ͣ
֮
ʼܿƱ澪ϲ鿴֪ѾͣԪҲϷڡ
Ҫͻƶ䣬̤䣡
ٳ죬ȻһѸƴͷ
ֽŴŵزء¸˲شƣʼܵ޷ƿص֮ѪʼӿƤҲͬ˺ѡ
ڴھ˶ͻϯȫʹֻܸɰͰ͵˫ۡ
ǿƤ˺ѣ֮Ѫ˺飬ɵҩһʹࡣ
֪εز᲻ѪѪ
⡣
עתƵز˿̳ܵ޴𵴣ӿزռ䣬Ѫھİ
ʶҲͻƸо룬ƿأһֱŬ֮Уò׼Ѫֻ֮ѪȴѪȼԿ
ֻѪƴʱδͻƽѪδɱ䡭ԼԼֻܵȴȥ
Ҳܸоطɱ䣬ͻ֮Ѳʧڴ󲿷ֶǽӿȫγһδѭʲȼƤӿ
ͣ
ͻȻ䣬Ѫһɵ𶯡
ȥֻѪԱߣ̫벻ʱһεѪѪ֮ɣƯֻѪΧ
ôѪ
ɻ뾪ʱӿ֪ΪλһεѪһ֣ͬȼѪͷҫѪ⡣
һΡΡΡ
Ѫɹ֮󣬶һξȻоŵѪȼգƺþŵѪҪɱΪѪ
ڴ֮£ȻһεѪֻѪɱһڲʼ֫壬ܿһεѪȼգԼѪӿ֮ɱΪһֻֻѪɫɻ֮ǰֻһʮһͷѪ̾Ѫɫ
ʮһͷͻ
Ӧ֮ǰϵѪɱ䣬ҲһΣǴʱȻоŵѪɱΪѪ
ҲָƽԪȻ״̬ڻΪһƬӰ
ʶع֮ӿһɺƣͻȻһ׹ޱռʧظУԭΪӶͻ䣬ѱ֮ǰ
ǳˣͨ͸״̬ԿѪѪ֮жһ΢΢档
Ѫ벻Ϊͻһݣ仯ԣȻִﵽһ¸߶ȣٿҲͷ֮⣬ȫѪӿС
زؿռٶף鿴˲ڲռҲǲٽ֮УڲռҲһԪ״̬ѾΪһҺɫӰ档
Ԫꡣ
ԪɱȻԣǰ˿״ֻ̡̬ӰѾӰ״ָ̬ԪӰ״̬̤֮ԪɱǾˣԺ̤߽ݣԪȻԽԽʵڿֻһӰ
Ԫɱԣá
һϣһԪ꣬ΪӵͨԪûջӵлǰ㾪˸߶ȣͨԪ񲻵Գ뿪ͷͨƣεֶΣ
龳ǿȫʩչͨԪɲǼĨɱκͨ쾳Ԫǿߣ֮䣬ɱǧͨʿ


341 ʮһͷѪ
Ըʿ־ͷһ㲻׶ãԪУԻָʱ򲻻ãһã龳ͷԪɱκǿߡ
ڿ˱Ҳڸٴ߶ͨԪĻʱȻѾ
ѪҲ˲٣ءزء˲ؿҪγһѪҪѪƤ֮γһѪ̫ףҪﵽпܡ
ͻԪ仯ԣξǵزͷѪһӵʮһͷѪһֻֻѪоһԴȪѪزȫҲ֪ȥһֻֻѪкεܲѣƱػѪʵԽǿ󣬲Żչ
ע⵽ʮһͷѪӵеδ֪
ӵѪʼһֱҳѪǰûɱšŴֱ֣֮ʩչȭƾһɱʵڶѪɱ֮ӵеǿ
ʱ䣬ͨ쾳ʿɱֲ
ܴﵽָ߶ȣϧԭԳִȻʩչȭͷǲһ
ѪȻǰ裬ϴͨʩչ֪Ŀǰӵжྪ
Ѫδ֮ǰֻǾΪѪ֮ԸоھѪ⡢֮ж
ʮһͷѪֲ
ʮһͷѪ֮һȭնɱһǿߡ
ͻ̫ʱʱͻ䣬ʵʩչӦúǿ߽棬ءϼ̡ǿߣԽնɱ
ʵﵽ۷壬Ȼһ룬ʵѾ԰Ӵ½һ
䣡
ãһԴһͷѪʮʬ״̬ԽԽãȻһ𶯣Ϸݶ
֮ͷŸӦȥǧϷ޼ռ䣬Ӧ޼Ϸһ֮ϵ졢ڲ޼硣
ԽԽͣƲãٴɱ֮޼죡
ʱɽͨƣ洫һԪ֮
Ǻܴ󣬴ϷԨݶˣһʱܴͨһ䣬úɽ򸾼ۡ
ҲǿѣҶҪ־һеͬʱһע޼仯
ʮʬںˣҲʱںʮ֮һĻҿԽһʬ˲֮УѪʱʱ̿գȻٶȲ̫죬ȴܲΪṩҲźѪĵҩϼ̡õôǲи߻ԣǿҲһȥ˼ܾһ˾ӣЩ˵Ҳܶĳ
ʱץһʬ壬ͷžžžžȼ
죬ʬ廯ΪгȭͷһžѪóͨ鵤Ѫ鵤ںϡ
޼˲أһƯ۷Щۻң޼һںϣ̫ˣֶһɰա
뿪޼磬ϼ̡͸ӭӡ
ĵҩóͷϢĵҩ㶵ò֪롣
ϼ뿪޼硣
Ͽգֳ㿴޼ڽ󷨲˸Ȼƴ
ϼ̵ٳȥɱĴӣ
ҪͼӴףϴжһãƲŽǿҪϵ߽ܵ⣡
ӦһŪ޼ڲ֮ϼ̴ֺȥܸӦϢ˸
Ϣ뿪֮˷ɳһξ룬δȥӪϰٵɵѲ߶飬һӴ죬һ
Ƭ̣Щ˾գͻȻӰͷɱǴﵽ۷彣ƣͷŵĿֲȭâ
ӸûзӦᣬһ˲ͱɱ󲿷ֻ֣мӳȴݳɹڵ棬ԼϼǰУͬʱɱƣһ˲仯Ϊࡣ
˿ϧˣʬҲδ¡
ǰ󲻵ϰ˾С
ֿ󷽣޼ڷϢȻΪǶ˶˵ٶݡ
һʮ֮⣬ѽ˦׼ȥһɱӣӦ͸֮⣬Ҫϼ̶ͻȻȴüԶ
ˣϼҲ֮ȥδκβѰ֮


342 Ϥħ
ϢڣһħڴԶ΢΢͸ϢħһϤζ
벻ΪܸӦԶܷ̺ħԾΪδ˿֣Ⱳǰ׻ˣϼһҡͷ̾ϢٴθоϴͬѰơ
Ϊڳϼ̱ʵǿȻӦжྪˡ
ϼȥһ˫͸ž󣺡ӦħʿҲǺͷħǿߣЩΪ񡢻ڶȥ
룬Ӧħǰ΢΢ͷţԷϢܲħ˽⣬һʱҲԷ֡
ϼ̵ħʵĪ⣬һ龳ǿߣ굹ںڰçԭһΣȷǺɽħźᣬһֱа䣬߾˼ȳа𡣡
ְգСǰ뵽аȫðźᵽаҵһɻΪѹħͷǧܻ꣬ŻһҲˣܳǧʿ֮ǧͷɽ򸾣˹Ҳǧžͷ
ʵѹаǼ꣬ϢʧˣʱΪħͷٲ֮£ȻСΪȴǧ֮ΪڡҪȡѹԼ߾аǼǿħ´򿪷ӡأ֪ͨڵѪһ߰׹ǣԪ뾫Ѫһͷˮϣ˲ӳоǾаŲѪӦþպɽħǿԭ򡣡
֪аȴѪʵܡ
аΪһۣһߡ
ѹǧܻ꣬͵һ㣬㹻ƵǱ½һˡ
ǱȻҲħͷѪʾѸԵʣͨҲܻǧꡣ
һʪܲϼ̴ħʿħʿԣħ̫ӱȲϺɽʮ֮һ
һͬһһ磬ʮ֮ڣڲʿӰӣϼֻܿţͨѪɱѪٴξѪͬӦֱӿ͸֮ħʿ
ˣڽϢҲ߻ŵϾѪʬǱ飬ѱʳøɸɾ
֪ΪΣնɱӣһĪ㡣
˻
һ̣桢ϼһ֮⣬Ϣ鿴֮ʣҲ΢΢ݳһɴ󶯾
ʱӦҷһ֮ͬ⣬ʿ콥һ㿿ȻΪ
ϼɪɪžǻžӢΪǻһʦʵһǿһ֣뻯ڲ࣬лˣڸһƿǧӣ
һʦˡ
˲ҲѰħʿעǼ֮ͷߣӦþǻˣȷʵƶ򵥣һо䡣
ĿȴںһڵϣӣһŮӣüͷһԩҲͷǸŮǧĺѩ
ǧĺѩǧҴС㣬ǧǴ½һ壬뻯ãڹԴǧӵڻκһ˶õصǧĺѩʻǧġ
ҿ˶ǧĺѩ෽չˣӦþǧĺѩڻڵʦ
˻ۣȷˣ˻ǧߵĺܽĪǧĺѩʶʱϼһЩ
ʱҸս޼ڣһɽغϢӻ˴ĿģҲħʿкζ
ΪҪ׼Ի֣ʵҪɱҪһʱ䣬˶ȻҲһЩȻ͵ϮĻɱˡ
Ϊջڳϼ̾ȻһҲںͬţ֮İѪ
ʱ죬û⡭浹Ǹϼ̶Իڷǣһմˡ
ڣһеӷˮȻǲٻȥһϼ̸Ȼزȥúøɡ
ܿ˴ʿһϢ˫һֱڰеȴȥ
ȴʮ죬һ˫ûһ˶ֺʿӵʵҲҪӵ޷
绺ʧΧȥһ桢ϼ뻯ڸָһĸȥ


343 аټ
֪Ϊ׷ٶٶȷŵĸɴںĸš
֮벻𽥿ɽ
ԭ޼ھɽͲԶ϶֣˰ʹ޼ڸɽΧ
δɽͻȻмʿðʿϣҲһ̣桢ϼ̸Ӧ˴ӣٶͻȻӿ졣
һ룬һɴըӰըһƬɭֻ
桢ϼ֮ԶԶȥ˳ɹ͵Ϯǰˣϻʵֲ̫Ϊֻ䡢ڼ䣬͵Ϯкùӳԡ
ǧĺѩҲһǺ֣Χ߷ֹһߡ
һ·ٶ͵Ϯ֣˿Χɱһˣʾڲ򵥡
֮ǰͻȻָž桢ϼ̸Ӧ֮£ֻ˻ѹ֡
һṦ򣬻˾ͽ˻ɱһ߾ʬ嶼ôɣȻҪʬ𼣡
Ȼһɽ֮зȥ濴ϼ̣󷽸ȥӦñʳЩ˳Ѩħ˵Ļɽɢ˴뻢Ѩ
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345 ظ
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346 ڵһͨ
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348 ֵһŻ
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349 ɱ
ֽعʱڲһ󷨣ÿһ󷨶ǵҩʯʯȡ
ǿʯ࣬ѳһСɽʩչд䣬Ҳ޷Щʯȡߡ
˿ۣԲһղƸһߺҲԤеջھҪͨϷͨϧĴ֣شͨǧҪԸ޼磬ǶΣأҾӴ֮ôУȡκԴöö١
ʵҲȻռʱ˺ͣóѣ֮ĴزȫڣҪ޼ĿǰǸЦԼѡѡطС
лˣ
Ȳ׷ӿԴ֮С
ˣɡšһĻֻһۣǾ޼
һľ
ʱҲ֮٣ҪȹһأҪͬЭ룬޼ڳҪȫԸҲҪģЩԴǰװ׸˻ڣ
һǿ赲ڹƣδоͻǿ󣬳ԽڳΪ½ߣʱ½һԴֵ
ǡ
ȻڵѪ̬ȺֻܼܽУһѰʺԼԴ
ſ˿ȷԴ٣ؼǳȫʿճʿ󲿷
汦ƷʶߣҲֻٶһƷƷϡ٣ƷֻôڶֱӽƷƷ汦ȡߡ
᲻úײǣҪԸڿһôУЩȻĴ뷨ɵõôôҲ
ϼ̡ȥǧ˲֪󷨣һ޼Ȼͷųʬ壬ͷһֻֻѪʼգҩһپʮš
ﵽ״̬ܸоؿռ𵴣زؿռҲˣԪ겻ϻΪ̰롢־£زʮһֻѪҲͷѪ
޼ڡ
Ǿ޴֮ڣȻǴ󷨣Ϲ·׵ľ޴ͨԨͨǰֻһɶ󣬿Ϊһྪ˵ĵؿӡ
һɽ塣
ʦ֣һӶ㣬ʦĽѣ
һЩڸ߲һ⹬޼ڸ߲ڳɻڵ
֮ڣֻϷǧĺѩһͨţ·ǧġƺ𳽵ʮӣ۷ʵԻһĽܳӡ
ǧڵͨ񣬴ʱĸӲǶͨϹϾ
ʦܿǧĺѩϵͨǧҲΪֿˣǷ߲ϻʦԼĴ޼ڣڱڵı;лɢ޾ͷħˣɢ޼ΧݷҿոǱߣд⡢ɢǿ뱾ڡԼĴɱԽԽңֻмӿ첽رɱؿոء
޼ڵϣһ޼һʱ⣬·ͨ飬ʱʦִǣһὫǧС
ǻ˵Ϊϣ׹Ժ⡢ɢҲ⣬ǿ߶Ҳץ棬ҵǺ澿Ǻηû취
Ϊһ棬ĴǹϵҲǰǢӾ͸ñ͹
ۻȵӦüͨи߲㴫ңʱʦܾһȥ
˳ģͨΪ⡣
ʱϷͨͻȻվ·Ҳ׷ǧĺѩ뿪󲿷ֵҲȥա
ΧĴ߲ۼ棬ͨһʱֳ߲㣬ӣг𡢳ʦҲ٣˻ˣκϹŶͨǰòϢ
ΪΣ
ʵΪ𣬱ȴֵΣ޼ڶ˸ӣ
һðܽˣһùϵʵԭ
ͨǻڵһӣ̤龳ζʲôٹ꣬;ԿЦǱ½Ϊ֮ľס
龳ͷţͨҪѹڳǿߣ߲ҲûȤһѹڡ
ڵǿΧĴӣһǸͬܡ̿ں
䡭
ͻȻһ𵴺ӿ
ͨˣߣ
ԻˡͨΪ׵֣ûڷǰ˸ںһ󷨣Ŵ֮еĵԨͨһͬʧڵر


350 桢ǧĺѩͨ
޼硭
ΧһЩʿ඼޼ڵӡ
ԪˡȻֻΧţڶڻڶԣЩѾûüֵ
ֳ֮ǸְǶ޼磬ʱԵʲô
һЦ
޼磡
ڻǱһͨ
ɽϷزʯһ˲飬ϳ׹龳ͷҲڴʱ˿ܵ󴥶
һ󼲷紫ϼ̡硢׽ȸּʱ󷨣һͬ𺳵ؿϷһƬƬһɹҲзڶ
һΪᣬǳϤ֮ʯ嫱޼ڵ棬ٳܷڻԸһ·ʱٱŽ뷨ԾĹ
ͨ
ϼһȻϡ
̶ͨĿ˺˻龳ͨ˵ĻʹڣҲֻҪϽȻһ·Ҳؽ޼ڣ
֮ͼͨһֶ֣Ӿ·ĵ۾
Χǧĺѩǧġ˵ȸ߲֡㣬׷޼գγ֮
ǿߣӰƯڶ࣬ͬ޼ѱڽ¡
ͨ
һﻹ治ʮ㣬ߵﶼڡԼΨ
֮µ棬һνӰ죬˺ɽ֮⣬ֶһϾһ龳ǿߣл߲㡣
һȺٸ֣̤𵴣Χضɽҡ֮ƣѹѹ޼磬ͬʱὫơ
Կһֶ亹߶ˣ硢׽ռɱǿߣ⻹Ƚƶ
֮ϼ֣ٸֿʼϷգͨٴΡȻȵ棬ͷڹ꣬ѡ񣡡
̫֣Ϊɽ˾Ȼ֮Уһ֧Ĵڡ
ȻΪͷʸ
ǧĪΪֻһˣҵĵ̡
˴֮󣬻󷨣ڽڲͻȻӿһƣо粦
г֣ͫ˸ֹ󣬹Ʋ˶ǵһ汾ˣԼҲü˷ۡ̾
޼ܵڣ˴ʮɱ޼磬һ⣬ǵڶεô߲֡
ڴ棬ߺ䲻ڴǣڡššڡ齣ɽһ߲㣬Ҳǵһμʶ
ֻѵãʮһεĻɾۻᣬҲܿô
棡
ǧͻȻһָóˣϴαʩչɱŽ£ͷأ㻹֪ĪǴʱοɲϴǰң첻һδζ㣬һƣռҲᵴȻ޴棡
԰ףӵͷϴֶΣϵˣȷǴβǻŵУҲȷǰԵⴳֵعܣǻڻӵпһԴܻɱ޼ڣеõΰɣҿȫ޼ռ鱦ǵعҲ޼һݡ
ǧĻ׼˵ʲôȴȻص󷽣ͨʶֻ࣬л޼磬л·
治Ӱ죺ǻڵһӣ䡢ֶԼ죬˶Ǽ̤˶㡢ڸ׳Ƴ
棬ȰɣҺúȫԽ㿴־𣿡
벻ǧĺѩͨߣһɽ£һʱʿɽ㣬֪㲻ҲǴ½֮ϣΨһһԼ̤뻯Ԫˣ츳˭ӵУٿ㣬ѳԽЩͬʿ޷ӵУֻŸеѵҪ˶ɱδú츳δԶԶԽʿ
ڻ˵Щкãǰֻܿܿһͨʿڳɳ֪ÿ˶ԼҪߵ·뻯ΪУ֮·Ҫս
Ϊܵٴȴ治ɫɱ˻ôӣӣڸܷŹңǧĺѩֻ֮ͨǰСҼңҪɱɱɣӽ쿪ʼҪ޼Լҵ½


351 ͹޼
ա
˵֮ÿȻӽڴգȻ治ܰװ׽
ͻȻͨףͨǧĺѩһЩȻɱһЦĿҼסˣ֪Ϳδ޼磡
ĮȻתչȭλѣ޼Ǿܶر񣬷عأ֮ǰƻ󷨣޼緢ƣȫԵֵ龳Сӡ
ְɣ˳Ӧһ䡣
ֻһɲ䣬ֿʼɢ޼磬һΪӪܿͼ֡
Ҳˣʧڽ죺ҪˣǱ½ʷڽ쿪ʼдҪ޼ڴﵽǰָ߶ȣһͳǱ½Ϊ
ɽ򸾵棬һ֮£ʱںϡ
ڰͷ޼ʼ˲֮£޼Ϣ޼ںһͷš
һڰд߶޼ۣƿءӦټ޼磬龳޷漣
ͻͻͻ
δʽƣ벻ѽһ󷨣ͷųʼ޼ײ繥һ㣬޼һ
˿Ϸۼǿߣ󣬻룬һ޴
ϸϸӦȥƷֿÿһͷųһ֮ںһ
ɽվһԣǱ½ȷ򵥣˾޴ֲںϣںһƷֿʵһ𣬹ƿԶչֿ巽һ
ɽ˻üͷں˵޼ڽ죬ǻ޼һҲ£ǿֶ޼硭

Ҳ־и˼Ĭ
Լ֮
ڴڣͨһٶͷϡɻһӣͻȻζΧ󷨶ʼ
ʼˣڲһ
󷨸Էһ⻯ΪĹһ־ֱ޼籼ڶ
ڲһֽļɤۡ
䣡
ǻ󷨱Ĺس޼֮ϣȻĴҲ̺¡ػ޼硣
޼緢΢΢𵴣ⶼˣڲֻһƲ΢΢𶯣ǿҵҲܸӦҲˣֻ󷨹£ˣԼһȦȦһֲγɺˮ޲Ͼİһζ޼ѹȡ

棬ǺɽҲ̲סڴʱꡣ
Һ޼翹סƣղô˲䣬о޼磬ÿ֮ͬһ⡣
úɽ˹ƾǷ򸾶֣Ҳ޷мܵڶС
ڡššڡ齣ɽǿһиÿ˴޴
޼ΡȻϹƣȻ̩ɽֱǲ˼飬һǿ¶衣
󷨣
޼ڵ޼Ϊ˰Ե޼ڵһҲ󲿷ֻ𡣡
޼ڲǴ½Сһ𣿡
ٻڸ߲㡢Ӣֶڴʱַ̾ǿԹ̶ȣͬӦ޼
˼ټ߲㣬Ӷţǵ𺳣Ϊ޼ǿѳ޼
һɲǣ˻ڸ߲㿪ʼʶ޼ڡ
޼ռԺ
Ҫ֪Щ֣ǿߣȻ޷޼磬ѵҪŸ֣
ΧĴ󷨣һ߲㰵Ҳ˽ʱʱ̿̽
ڶ󷨹ٲǿƶѸ͵ӿ¡¡ɱ޼֮ϣ𵴣ΧһЩزҲ˷
֮ڣһڸҲƿӦ޼״̬һвͬѰ֮ڵһʱ֡
˰װװ̫ϼ̳ȥתתǴ󲿷ָ߲㶼ѰһҪͷ޷ˣ
뵽ӦԷӡ
޼ʱɺɽ򸾸ƿأͨαװ֮󣬱ϼ뿪ռ䡣
һֵǰоͬ޼ڰֻ࣬һɲ̫ǿ𶯴Ӵش
Ȼ뿪յѲߣ޼ڵҲһ֡


352 ޷絺ǿ
ҷֿж߲㶼ڹ޼磬ҪɱӲ̫ѣҲעʲô֪ͨң־ϼ̷ֿж
ãѰһ֧ɵѲ߶飬ֻмʿҲδﵽ۷ʵԹݳ֡
Ϊ߶һƴһȭâƻɨһƬ˲׷ײʿʬҲΪƬ
һ˼޼ɣҲø򣬾ϼɱ
뺣ɢҲĪϵƵûڲòҪʱر񡣡
޼棬ͨӦûзκһﵽ۷ʵǿߡ
úֻ֣һͣѽעڶرһϡ
ǲӣ
ǾɱӣƵò˼档
ѰҵĿֲ꣬ʱ벻ǡӦԶǱʿ
ҰжǺɢˣ֪ද򡭡
ĿͻȻתƣʿϡ
ϸӦȥΪҲ̫ˣͨ쾳Ҳ֮䣬㲻ǿߣҪԸһӵҲû⡣
ҪˣĿ䵥Ļ붫ŵӣں󷽸ȥ
ΪǸŮϢһ˵ĸϢ
󲿷ֵ뿪֮͵Ϯÿͷӡ
һΪǸʿһŮʿȴͷųĿ⡣
Ůʿʮ߰꣬ģͨĺǸΪͷųϢиоһ˵ζʲôҲ˵
գ۹˾Ʒӣæתȥһ˸һڸ߿׷żˡ
֮⣬˷ȥķȻǣ㵵ĪЩǣѨ˵
ǣҪ֪˿
ѺӽһƬɭϿʱһƬ˼ͻȻϷһѸͺ硣
˲δκ쳣
ɳƣ
֮ͻȻ޷ڰӡںһץԹһͨʱ׾ӡ
ۣ
ƾٶʿ޷ӦκξٶŮӣΧһʿĳ촷ۣѪ֮ͬƾʧ
ԻڡʿҲһ˲ɱ
ȿȣ
ŮӶƯڰգʹ࿴ΧƯץһ齣
ֻһŮӺ󷽣һģŮ齣ֶһɾǡ
һɨŮˣҲδֱɱ֣֪ȤѰ·Ҳû취
㡢ʲôˣӣŵŮӽͷƣҲͨΪء
Ӧ㣬Ǻɢһʣʵش𣬲Ȼ̽ɱ
ŮŵúһŻش𣺡Ǻʿ޷絺ԪꡯҲʲô߲㣬ֻһСͷĿ

ɢǺʿ޼ΧҲΪб
澲ζŷֶԺ˽⣬ɢһ֪һЩĻͻȻͷһƣŮӵһڶʮһƬɭ֡
֮󣬱ŮӷʣԪꣿںʲôͷ
ŮӴʱɫָһЩдкʿǳ࣬γɷǿ޷絺һʿǧˣҪǺǸܣ뵺Ԫס׵ʵǿƿǧǿһ׵Ǵ½һλӡ
ڣ
΢΢һ㰵д߶չԪꡣ
ɲǴӷһ˴ϼƮ֮ԪȷǻͽһЩ½ԭ⵽׷ɱȥ֮Ҳû취֮ͻ龳ΪһԪĺһžͷʱڻڻһͨӣѾӡ
ѹסֿŮӣԪҲڴ½
Ůһ޹ӦǰɣֻͨͷĿ滹жǸŶһһǱ½Ҳֻж֪һЩ
Ǻ˶ˣЩ


353 
ӦҲ½󲿷ֶڿոظһ˸Ź޼Χץסһ޼ڵӣǶԼ˲٣һƳҲ½ͷ赺鵺Ϊ
鵺˭
鵺龩һͷʳ裬Żǧϣʵǵ֮ΪֲһλԷǳңԶֲġ׺Բбں˲֪½һڣ㡢Ҫɱң
Ů˵꣬;زᡣ
龩
Ȼǿֲ޷Ĵڡ
ŮǰΨΨŵŵģҲһʱ֣һӣұȻɱ㣬Ҳɱ㣬һȥǵﺣʿŻɽ
ǾҸ㣬ΪЧ֪һУһٿ԰һЩ
ʲô
̣ҳһͨСϣŸĸǰҲǴӴ½ȥʿһﺣϮС뼫˻Ϊ޷絺׵ڡ
һ˵Ķģ
棬־͡ɱˣĸƭ㣿
֪ΪҴϸоһЩҾòһϢ֪ʲô֪ĲңһὫնɱ
ңң
һ˫ȶڷ߶ºò
һŶ£Ŀ֮ͻȻ뵽һ⣬Ǽȣҿ֮ǰǷȥǲǳѨǷ
֮ؾǸ־޼ڲ̫ԶպÿػùϢڴ֮̽ǰǣɢûһħ˵ɢ޾ͷʱץŮСǵֻԶѰҲ֮
ȷħ¸ǳ֣
ۼЩħʿ
ɶ񡭡
ԭɫƽ棬һ˫üͷͻȻ罣𣺡Σգħǰòɽ֣ҲаߵһǾаҲǣһټΣգ׸Σա
ץŮ
ţ˵ħʿרûѪħƵץŮСΪˣǻԵС
ȥһǣĪڰʲôֽţЩϵ
һææͷһɾ̰ն𣬻ϾԶǷȥ
ǧ£̫⣬֮ǰ֪аħߵһ𣬾͸ȥǣ
ּæóϵ
û˿ⲻɵӵģ˵ؾǲԶӦüӦǡ
ԽԽǲƿص̶Կ̿벻
ʵٶȣʮȥǣٶٴЩʩչ֮ٶҲ䡢ٶȡ
ٶȣ
̣Ȼͫһ˿㵡

һĨǼƣٵش̾ա
ǰһǳԶԶƯǡ
ˣ
ɫأΪĸϷû˿̫Ѱ
ٹ۾ܿǣȫͷ籩ƣС
ˣ
ԶӦӦСҲСһƬ棬ͨӦûзּκϢ
һɶݣʱСϷסҲ濴ȥﻹˣһƬ棬Ҳûһ顣
棬һգ۹ʹӷ˹ٴλص֮ϣ𺳶߬˫ȭ˵һˣһʬҲûС
̴ʱСҲﵽȴΪ棬Ȼ߽ǿΪҲܵһЩĪǡʲô˲ɣ
ͻȻŷŭ𣺡˰ĸףû˿ϤϢʬҲûһߣɶ񡭡
㿴Ӱϡ٣ֻһЩʿ룬˲ߣƾͱʿɱֶ´
˶
ֻٴδ߶ĸȡϵ
ȻЩԤ֪žĸ
ˣ
֪ȴʱڷһ
߶ڲ伤û£ǲԶٹ
û£ۿʪ
һִҲټ㣬ˡ
ˣǣ
ȹ
ãңﶼȥ۵糸䣬̶һɲƿնȥ


354 ͻȻֵ常Ϲ
ȴפһᣬĬĬԶɭ֡
֮Уһͬƿռ䡣
ļ٣ÿһÿһ붼Ǽ尾֮ˣҲΨһһλеˣʲô£ôһӶù
κ֮ԶһƬɽͻȻϲüңϢд
ӦѸɽȻм˸ӦԣܸңԶӦϢ
һǷɽϷ
Ȼɭ֣ͻȻһӰһȺɽ֮֮УɲٴС
Ӱٶ֮죬ԼûаգҪһ㣬ȻûǰӦ˴ڵ˿Ϣ
һʵϳԽĸ֡
Ӱֻ֮һƣҲǿ󣬱ޣֻһ⸲ǰס
һ֮󣬲䣬ӰΧʧȻһɫȹŮڰ֮С
ŮҲʮģΪС磬һͷȹͬƣͬϷΪȹǾʥŮضΪ֮㶯
һŹƤͬ֬⻬ûһ˿覴ã°һ˫ں͸Ĵ۾Ů¶һֿζòɷ
Сĸʮִ󷽡ׯҲǧĺѩĮȻ䣬Ҳ޷ףòŮӣĸǸ߸ϡ
ǰȹŮһʥڷĿ֮·Ȼʧȥɡ
һӦһ޷ʵĸ֣Բһʿ
Ҳ֪Ůǵѣ沢δֱӱƣʱ״̬˵ҵණ

˫һʱ̻֣ͬյС
ͻȻһȡػŮӺ·ȻƮӴЦԼ⡣

һȥֽעŮϡ
Ӹղŵڣ䣬Ůδһ˿ɫ仯ǿò֮£ͬѿϤ
Ҷõģ⡢ݶϹݣ
伱æʾ⣬ȹŮһ࣬ܣݶˣ常ӡ
常Ħĵӣ
Ϲݣ
һʯĵʧǺоܵһᡢǿŮ·ƾճһ㣬̫󴥶
ؼϹһ˿ΪҲδһˣԷδͷϢͬһͨˡ
ƺﵽִ˵֮У豹ĵز
⼸꣬ҲǿߣԳˡʥˡɽԼа𣬵ûһϹȻζ
ݶ
ֶϹףС棬Ҳ常ӣ常ֱ
ݶ֪ˣϹݵף䲻ȡ
ǰĪʧβݶʱҲף
£ʲô£һʱ֪ͨ𣿡ĵǡ̿֡˼һӿ˳˻ߡ
ܲܣȻϹݸ£һƲɭ·
һ紣Ҳ򵥣Ϲ΢΢ͷϢŴ洩硣
ڲ棬Ȼȵ޼ռ䡣
֮渵ǰһЩŮʧ٣δҵԭĳҹͻȻһ˴̣֮вͷЩͨ쾳ʿԼǿ߶Ƕ֣һ֮󲿷˲Էһй֮£￿常ڷӡܱȻȴοŽһŵ˱ɱͻȻħĸɱԳħ¸֣Ƿа㣬Լץҡ
аΪҵ壿֪ڼ䷢ô¡
Ҳ̫ףһħ֣˵ǰץ˼һЩŮӣħ˺ɱӦЩˣϢа֣ҵ塣
Ӧˣأ
ڼ䣬Уʬ塭ұˣȥһѨһʱ䣬аͷԪҹ䣬˵֪ȴ˵޼ڣ˵㣬ʱѰЩִȥа;Уݶʱ֣Ž׾ȳ
˵ֲ֮ᣬЩΪ
ҲףҲòζһڶ


355 ܾ
ȥһָһЩĨĨ۽ۣݶ׶༪٣常ƣһھаУҲơ
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356 ĸϹ뿪½
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357 ˼
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358 ͻ
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359 ޼
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360 ٴɱ
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361 ⡢ɢɱ޼
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362 ޼߽
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363 Īа
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364 Ե
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գۼӰӣ֪ɶԶ
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365 ɽٴηˮ
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366 ħͷ
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ۣ
˽ϼ̡֮ǰˣںɽʩչħٴشѪ֮󣬶һƨ


367 ƾ
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ʣں󷽣ĪаѾ˫۷ף֮һҪεƫƫվ
һµḷ̌漰ʱó̵ҩ֣Ʒʵҩ
ħʧ˲䣬ɽ򸾴һɽЦ벻滹龳Դһ龳ȵԴڵһ⣬Ƿ򸾶˷ָ
ɽҲƶ棬ھǹģǶҲٷŹ㣬ԼЩˣǵȡ⡣
ȷҪˡߣһʳһ˵ڲзϵȴû˿־塣
ʱǴ󳹴ʱҪô¡Ҫô澳֮д־壬̹Ȼ
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ɱ
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һֻӶ汦һԾɱ˲䣬ѾͻȻҧٽӡ綾ƣƣ
أ
ֻӡ֮󣬻ūЩ֣ͻȻԴըһɺ̣Χɱ硢׽ȸҲˡ
Сӡ
ЩͷŹƣȴںƱ£һͻȻͣ£ʹ˫ֱͷһɹɶð
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һѷ䳯ˣ˶ƾʼʴ߶汦ɱ
ˡ
һ̡ϼ̡档
ڴһֿƽԼ״̬ĺҲƺֹͣһ㡣

һֹѾǣǳﶯƤҲʼ
ˡ
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ಡ
ǿһԵɱɱһǰգۼ䣬漸˾Ҫһɹ֮¡
Ȼ벻ǣһ̲ɱҲϼ̡۷ͦӲͨ쾳Īа
ΪѾڸƳ£ٴεѪ
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䣡
һߴֶɱ潣ױȵĻ̳ʱ޷ֵɱ
䣬ͻȻǸӣӯһƴʱһɳԽ䣬ǳ˼ΪһƬӡɱ
ߴֽɱһڸֶһͨܿ
һ̵̣ӡûбڸϹ˲飬ɱֻ̣̲ϺˣΪͷųӡߴֹƵ
һŮ֮Ȼסһǿߡ
̡˫üһδ̵ĳ֣סǿ߶ˣ֮⣺Ӧһо;ﲻԾԭʵϼ̡۷ǿߣҲסߴ
ϼ̡Ҳһ۾ȫ벻ƽһСȻӵ˾

ߴס綾ĥԴǿƣ汦һҫɱͷŵӡ
벻̻ܼס
ߡ
ಣ
ǺɽͻȻغ߿ȻԻŮ˶ŮˣĪ֣


368 ̵ǿ
֮󣬺ɽͻȻΪһӰ

ߴֺϷڴƣʱһƬɱͻȻֹȣ龳Ϊħһɱ
һ̣ԭ̿ǿסߴֹʱ˹ͻȻѸͣӡԴݿ顣
ۣ
һѪҲ֮ɡ
ߴּգ׷׿Ϸĺɽˣһæ
üǰ̣
龳ּߴǿɵ̣ʧȥƽڰ֮ƶţգƺҪ׼֣ɽٴγ֣Ҳ
꣡
ͻȻ䣬һһ棬ϼ̡ͻȻһϴ
ǶʱĿȥڰմϴһմ˺ѵϸϸһżӡ˫־Ȼڿѣͬ龳ͷöѣ弴Ѫ
ǿ˺ѾȻѪɫͬ϶һƤĤֻƤ㿪ʼ˺顣
꣡
գۼ䣬Ƥ˺ѳ̶ͬѣ˲֪ȻʱͬһˣͻȻ䷢飬ƤƬһ롣
˴֮ʣƤ֮˸׵Ĺ󣬿ԿӤѩļȡ֮ǰͨķɫ
һİƤƬ֮󣬳桢ϼ̡ǰ
ˣһɲƣ̥ͬǵġ̡ð
龳ǿߣ
ԭ֮ǰĺɽˣŸɱͻȻ̡ͷų˲䡣
ʼͣȻһ龳ǿߣ
ϼҲף̫ˣһ龳ǿߣֲÿԵֵôǿͬʱƣͿԽˣȻ֪ΪΪԸ⵱ͨආ󣬵ʱǶ콵ǡ
Сӡ
ǰһƬϯɽ˴һǿ߶޵
̺ȻƯʮӯ·;쾫黯ʱٲǽӽģһʮŮӣ֬޶ˣüһɫˡ
ǧĺѩҲ֮һòڶòɷŮӣһϹݡ
δܵƣҲΪΪԸΪһߣʱֲϣ
Һ𣿡벻˸˵̬Ŀⶼһ龳ǿ纮һ
һȻԺǿһֶɹǰѹأ㾿ҪʲôĿĺΪȽǰ֣ǶԺúҿԸ㱣֤ҺԸɽ򸾣պκһҶԿǣǴӦ
һΪ
̺ȻһĨȻһɫȦӣ͸ŵƳ鱦һ汦
䣡
Ȼƽĺɽ˵ȥմһâɽǰһɡ

벻һ֣ͽһǿߺɣҶ̶ԣһжʮɡ
䣡
֮䣬̴һƣɽħ浱ɱһ𣬴ը䡣
ɽ˾벻һ龳֣
ɫǶıʯҫۣûˣﵽ״̬Ļ˵һս֮ڵ㣬ʵҲ䣡
ҿɲһˡɽͻȻЦݡ
ԭɽڶˣǰ
ɽ̵ȷ΢΢ݣħʿǶҲӦǧΪ֮Ӧܴﵽɣ
ǵȻһСУõĻ֮֮ڣնɱ
ˣҲ
ɽƶħԪ̤˶
̡
治
Ȼ龳ͷһԺɽ֣ȻҲӦ֮ɽħֶ֣αɡײУǰȻԴ
ᡣ
Ȼһ߳һûб˶Ӱ죬֮緢¶Цݡ
Сӣ⸱ͺ޲úѪɱĺɽڨڨŭ
治ΪȻ֮ЦԸɽˣԸɽնɱ֣㣬Σ
׳־ж֮Ҿ͸ˣǺɽ֣ҿɲȣҲЦݣȴĮ


369 طǿ
ˣСǸ龳
ɽȻҲҪɽһһ
ħ
ɲǼ䣬ɽ˾һɱƣʩչ潣ɱĽ֮Ҳǹڰħ棬˲ȼճһƬһƬĺɫס
ҲʾȺɽ˴̫࣬ɫӱʯͷҫһָ˳
һ˲˱ֲɱ޷
ɽʼټΧɵߴ֣һɨ棺ʱ˽ᣬǱңȻڵԼһħ
ҲǸи˽ᣡ
ɽΧۼߴ֣ЩˣҸǻᣬɽֻһ³
½Ҫµۼߴֶĺɽʼѹ
ʮͷѪȼհɣѪҸڷ̥֮ϣƣ
ɱˣ
ʱʼҪ٣Ȼעᷢκӱܶûá
زʮѪɫȼţһʼܵɽϮشһڴ߶ѪҲѪ
ΪϹ뾭飬ǲܵģΨͨһѪ
ǵѪⶼ֮󲿷֣˺ѡ״̬һ˵ƣֻе
ȴڼزѪ֮£Ҳֻܴ߶ѪΪѪǳףѪѪ֮ںϣҲ֮Դ
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һԪ껹ʩչ˲֮˸һ⣬ֻһͻȻߡ
ŶЩַ׷𺳡

˳ֱ֣档
ϼҲһԣشŰˣ޼Ȼ޼޼ڵǿߣ

ƣͻȻһħգǺɽߴһǿﵽ龳ߵĻơ
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ȻǱȴû˿־壺ˣ޼ҵĵ̣ҵһ֣޼ܣսʤɱֶΣ

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ͬħͷ֮ͷֲϳ浱ץһȼħָ
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ͬһɽʱѹȼָϣʱؽ󲿷ħָ顣

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ۣ
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
޶˲֮ϣһʱѪҲͬըһһھ޶֮»ΪѪ
˲ɱߴ֣
ɽӣ޼ϰգȻ״̬£׷ɱǰĺɽ


370 ɱɽ
ɽֱȷٶȣһռˣٹ
򡢷ǲɽӰӣ˻Ļ
ȻɽĶ֣ضס
ͻͻͻ
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κɽûѡߣڵȴɽˣǱ֮ó汦Ҳȼճ𣬴汦ɱ۵ħ⽣
ѹľ޶ײȻ¾޶ƣֻ޶û飬ǼѹںɽϷ
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ĮһЦһ޶ŴϷ¡

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޶ѹźɽľ޶֮ϣ֮ͬĻ𵴡
ɽϷ޶飬ֻһѪ֮󣬾Ϳ־ž޶ʧȥκηӦ
ˡ֮УɽΡΡԪ

һֲֿ֮Уըɽ˾֮Ƭ̣ʹ˷ɳ
ϷͻȻɱ̣Ӳת̴һƬƣ龳ʵǰ͵顣
䣡
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һ޶ֱӴ̹ϷᣬͻͻѹȥȽɽ̹ƻ飬ѹںɽϡ
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Ҳ򵥡̵ʢԼԴֻǵòЦЦ
һھ޶ʧΧûжĺɽǰ
ץһɽ˴֮ץһ϶ѪۣھȺ󹥻֮£Ѿ߰˰˶ѣһҲ顣
Һػδ飬һԪڱһʱ䣬ɽѱ޷ԦסػʧҲһ˿ʣ
֮еĺɽǰҲû˿ƱȺɽ˻Ҫأһ˺Ѫ۴ĿģɴӣģҲ벻ͨһӣȻһʿС
龳ͷ˵Ϊҡ
̶Ժɽ򸾵ҲܵһЩϧһ龳򸾣Ǳ½ֿԳưһһΧɱǿߵļˣͲҲ֣˿Լȥ
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潫ħͷʬģȥϢȻ龳Ϊ֮ǰֲµħӦöûӰɣ
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ҡҡͷȻƾֻһӰ
̣ΪӦɽ򸾲£ʵǿһ֣ɽ򸾶ʵ࣡
жٴ
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ǼʶľֶΣò
óҩ龳ҩǶѡΪЧӴһᵱԼ˶Դ޼꣬Ǹҿɲ޼ԪˣҪУֻҪ㲻ǿ󣡡
֮У¶֮ɫô࣬ҲˣججһӣУ̰쳾Ȩƣ


371 Ѫħ硢׽
Īа޼ӣȲԪӢ¬񻪡ˣʿȱٵѪԣҩϴ裬ˣ
ϼ֮ͬʱεڵӼæȥ
ۣ
һѪתǰ
ԭ硢׽۷ʵǿߣͬʱֻɱɱ֣Ҳ֤ǵĲŻ
ѵõǣͷƾɽѹȡգδܵƻӪ
ֵص
ʬǰ潫ʬġ
һΧͻȻĳֶʮֻʣ硢׽ϼˣɽ򸾡ᡢūЩǿ߷׷
Ȼ·ƣڲ֮һڣ浱硢׽ó龳ҩ
лˣ˺㡣
һѡ񣬴Ӷһǰ;ҸɽԼЩѡ񣬵ѡΪУղ
ռһδ̣޽еĴڣһΪЧҡ
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ͻȻͷֶһӰӻ֡
ѪѪħ𣡡
硢׽𺳵ؿŷ֡
ȻǳϤ滹ϤĶ࣬ԺɽǿķѪħ
һɽӵѪħִ߶Կκθ֣ռѪħԳԿ
˶Ѫħ֮͡
滺Ѫħ棺ҾѪħǶˣһͬУͬɽǰ㣡
лˣͷ
ѪħǸ߼汦ƷʾˣؼħϽѪħи°빦һںѪħ𣬹ʱ䣬һӺɽڳ̺龫ѪѪħͻ龳
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ü֮⣬ʮһֽϣھӦڲ
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ΪͻȻʧˣ
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ˡͨ龳ǿ߹ƶڶԸԪǿߣڻֻ޼γѹȣ޷޼磬Ƴʱ䶼ʩչƣҲͷΪѡﻢµ֣ҿʱָƣһǿ󣡡
۲쵽Χȴһᣬ·һȺӰ
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ЩʱڽΧŻһһ󷨡
ۣ
Ҳ޷ϢһѪ
Һƣһ޷ͷȻܸӦҲϢ֮С
Ϊ˲õвɵ˲䣬ǧ򱶵ʹ࣬ɴҩҲʬץ˫֮γһֻֻѪ
Ѫֻʼռʬ˺ɽ֮⡣
ѪҲʼȫѺȼţ̷˲
ľǿѪԼѪֻصںϡ
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ǧ֮⣡
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ֻص󷨿ʼУίʵ벻ΪȻƿ龳޷ƿص޼磬ɽýԸ棡Һ˲ۣʿͨǱ½ӿȻӵвֶΣȻ޷ҵʵֻ̯ƣ޼֮ڵ
һ˼̬֮ҲһΡ


372 úɽѪΪϴ
֮£޼󷨱Ѫȼе棬һȻȼ״̬
Ѫȷ̫࣬ʱδʩչκͨҲδѪԶ޸ȼա
ȫ֮ںɽ͵ϮϣѪһָκʿ޷ָһϣκֶζ޷ܣǾҲֻѪʲ
ٿһЩ̫ˣȥöãֻҪﰲУƳҪָ
״̬Խ£شǴһӰ졣
ΧʬҲʱʱ̱̿ѪΪʱʱ̿ṩָǿ
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龳ǿߵľѪ
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ˣĴԵ״̬ǳơ
ಣ
һ״̬ɲ⣬ԭɽһսδܶʧ
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Ƿģ
ɨһ̣龳ͷһۿѪΪ˽ͣʿȷ޷ںѪÿʱŽ龳Ѫںϵҩ֮У㲻ų⣬Ǵ޴
̼ΪĮףˣûƭǣⵤҩ̺龳ͷѪһ֮󣬻ϴ֮ͬʱ龳Ѫڿʼӵдﵽ龳ԼǿԼӿǳ龳Բŵ˵һŵҩǵһ޶Ĵڣһžʮͻ龳ٶ༸ֵҩڼͻҲ⡣
лˣ
ʱ򣬼ȻûҪıǣ֮ʱҪһʱ̡
ÿ˽ӹһţϸζ
ӻ֣Ǿ龳һһЩѪͻƣ
תֽʣһŵҩݸ̣ΪӦóΪǰֱ̫ࡣ
ͻּɣͻȻܾѪûˣĵҩûаҩҲһ䣬Ҹûã¸֣
ҩ𣬼ȻҪҲδǿ󣬴ʱΧһˣ̳Ϊռǿڡ
滺ҶˣǾʹ촰˵֪һ֣ΪҪΪһЩͨʿ֮УǱߣ
Ҫλش𣿡΢΢һЦ
˵˵ĿıɣܲһҲϸҲʱʱ̶̿Ҫĵ
ҵȷǴӺûƭ㣬ĸǰҲǺʿΪ໥ɱСʱǸӣƯ֮УΪΪʳȴ벻ҵʦӴ֮·
龳ΪʵǿӦԪ겻£ȴ֮£ҴϸоһϢܸоʲôΪΪһһӦ
һʿ龳˼Ҫϸ塭
Ȼ벻ֱ׵ؽһдƣûȥĿܡ
ڻԼѵҪȥ


373 ݱ
ƺ֮Ƭռ䣬˲̣˵һ̿ѵˣҲε
һ֮󣬵ȴ֮е棬ӭ˵֮ǰѰԸɽ򸾣㻯ѹأҵȷһǲǺϵ
ͣ˵κһŵԻʵ֣ʱԸɽ򸾣˵ӦһֻҪҿɣһ
ŵԣҵ֮Ҳ뵽ԪµԭǱԭһ̵ͻȻžӽԪҾͿлӱĮеõȻӵһ鱦ȻҪ㡣
Ϊ˫罣
̴ʱʮ̹ϣΪ鱦֮УһУ鱦ȥ⣬ǰõһ鱦ڱͻȻжʱҲ֪ҲȥոѰһ֪عλã˱ԵõǿԶԿǵع
ԭˣ
ݱ֮Уһ龹ȻУίʵе⡣
֮ԸӦһϢžбϢҲںϣϻиӦһ໥ӦԷĮˡ龩ڳбǿߣҲһ£໥ӦԷϱϢ
ô˵ʱڰиӦ㣬ΪбϢҸӦʱʵһӦϱϢҲ֪ҵݣ
龳ڸӦҪԽһʱһ޼ΧҾ͸ӦϢȻ·ץס㣬벻ҲӦҵĴڣұõҡ
˼ϸ壬龳
Ҳһ˼Ҫ龳
ͬʱһ۶ԷһɲǶֻŲͬ뷨
ĸƤǼ򵥼仰ܽһ˵װס
̺ȻһЦ¶ޣҵΪȻõعڲأҺһԸڡͷ龩Լɢ޾ͷĮˣΣ
֮ǰŵ㣬ҴӦ֮£Ҳصͷ
ˣȡʵǿ߶ȣ޼ȷԶԸ龳ȥ磬ҪԸֻǺܳģҪõ񲻹ҪֶΣҪʵ
ٶ˵һ䣬תͲˣ濴ȥʱֻһӰ
ٶѾǳˣ磬ǸضϹݣٶҲС׼ס
·ȥ
һ޼ڽڲֻһˣĪа
滹δ󷨣Ѽһ֮Χڲͨ۷塣
Īа
գ۴һ󷨣ϢĪаǰ
ĪаһȻſۿ棬ʦ֣һΪ˭Ҳֻʦֿռȥ磡
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ʱĪаϣնϤӰӣʮҲ಻󣡡
ʦ˶֪ĴڣʮǰʦֲŽ̤ѩ壬Ҿ˵㣬ǧ겻ӣڻֻΣĽѣһֱʶûлᣬȴ־档
㲻㡭
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374 
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ʱҲȥЩ𡢳ʦǳȥˣȻϣƾôȥûһͬҵĽ顣
Ҳ֮ˣ޼ô߲㣬ֻлһ˶ģҲڵͷ
ʦ֣ǾɱȥɣŲܾ𣬶ǲ޶á
ͻȻϣлϵӰӣ
Īа֮ʣ治ûжݣӰ
ĿĪаʱһ޼ڣ粻ٴӳȥţ֪ʱζң
ĪаȻĿܿ϶Ӧûʦ飬һȥӪͬţԿΪУΪŽѣ
˵һ룬ĳַ˵˵ˣ껯ϼʱҲΪŽѣ˵Եһ룬أȻҽ޼ҾҽǻҪ£ҪҽڣŰԽ֮ΣҵȥȡǵĹ
뵱꣬ЦȴĪаڳĬ
ͻȻ򣺡ǲǾáӦýȻǵİţǴȥڣΪ޼ڻƽһ˳ΪƷȫԼˣҾӦѡ񣬴˽Ϊȡ壿
ҡ˻һĪаȫð亹
Ȼ뷨ѱ߰˰ˣȻⷽ롣
ٸ˵˵Ժ£ԼӦǷǵ
沢Ϊ˶ŭʱΪҵľ£ϹȻͦάңʱûһȥٺ취ȥԸڣǻִ£Щڿַڵĵӣ󲿷˱նɱһ˻Ҳ׽ٵҲ׽֮ҲӦۼ֤ڻڱ֮ѡҳϣЩտڿűšӪͬŵĵӣڿͷģЦǿЦһ̣ΪЩ޿ɾҩĵӣ޼ڵĶ븯ࡣ
Ĭ
ⷬٴĪаͬһδһ£亹ѽһ۴ʪɫҲΪ԰ף߬ȭͷ
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ԪнıȻһȡȨŵˣȻᵳӪ˽һӣҲǳһʼڱѪϴŶ޹ӣ
һڱ䣬ϻ£ѵδ֤ʵ޼Ǹ಻߲ûи߲Σûеӵ޼ڳҪ̭ע£û˿ңҲΪһ뿪ţҲԸȥݱԸ޼ڶ֮С
ҪһȥˣȻȥȻڡ⡢ɢ޵ǿϷȥζѻʯѾǻЩӡЩ߲УҶԣǶŻˣαҪȥЩˣ
ĪаһҲøĶ뷨˵
벻ĪаͻȻ˻ߣܣܣҾǲܰװ׿űЩ˼̤
ִϿڵӰӡ
ʹģҷԷθԺһӰӣڡ
ʱĪаͬջڣҲһΪ޼ڻѣ֪ЩӶ֮ǰԼ뷨ΪŸ߲ΣǷһɽû޷ĪаҲΣȻڸһѪԣҲԵʣ޼ӣ֮һǻڡĪаˣн³ͽ޼ڷչһٵĸ߶ȡ
ޱ꣬ҲиܵΪʲôζ
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ĪаȻδκĨĨһ亹󡭡޹»
ղо仰û˵꣬ҲͬˣҲͬţ潫ƿĪаУ֪Ϊƿ޼Žǧֶ꣬δգһһȻԭ֮ǰܵʬ𣿡
Īаףʦһ˵ҵʱʡ


375 ӴԪ
һ̺Ȼ࣬ŭӹȻͷţǾİ׹ǣ޼ߣҲ޼ĵһˣ˵ʦүг޼ⷢܶѨõ޼ǰ޼ѧ޼ժֹԽҪ޼ѧǰ㹦ҲΪⷬɾ͡
⡢⡢⡭
޼ڻܣ
ͬһĪаΡΡš
ڵ޼ڣ޼ڣ޼ǰᵽǸ޼ڣʲôǿǧ򱶣Ҫ㡮޼ǾԼԪ󷨡ǡԪ󷨡޷Ŀľлᣬܽһǿ޼ڣ
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˵
ô
ĸüʣ㿴мӵģҿ㲻ʿǸү
Ҳ⣬޼˼ҶĪӡĪʦҲҡ
˰ɣӻǲģҽֶδ㣬һ̿ʼҾ޼Ĵߣ
˵˵ЦЦ֮󣬳˹ϵֵһ㡣

Ŀʼӡ֮޵ӿĪаԺ
ҲҵӦþһѻڣҲڡӣⲻżȻҪźҲġ
Īаʼں޼ǾԼԪ󷨣ڹ磬һȥ
޼ǾϹԽǱ½κķ֮ϣԪ󷨣ǾĴڣǹҲᲢۡ
֪ΪνĪаʹĺ泩оɣصһոҼͷѪӺɽվѪΪƸѪ
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ͷŸӦӿɽڣ𺳣ȿƤԻ״̬ԼһЩ
һϣѱʵʵһ
ܴﵽֵزίʵˣΧЩڣƤ㼸ûֻϲмڵȾ༸
ĪԽǿҲԽࣿ
ϸϸ֮󣬵Ѫ͵뵽ʦ׷ˣˮƹײʦóһԼʬѪвٸʬȻʦҲоѪӶվѪָƣƾ綾ԭǿߣøֶǿҲǿѪ
׷˾Щ棬Ŀ
ǰһԪһСӣ͸ӵеֶΣŸпж಻
Ϊǿ߱Ҫǿ˵׾Ѫ
ҼǵõѪʦ£ǰʦһѪõתƾѪʣѪ;ʦ֮󻯽Ѫ
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ΪòϺɽ龳Ѫ̤֮Ϳ龳ѪǿΪ
һӰԱ߳֡
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ɽǽұƵ±ϣһˤȥһǵ³̾Ȼ龳ͷʱһ۸ӦϢ;÷ǳأԭǱϢ
Ѫַȼգ״̬ԽԽãͬʱҲպɽ򸾾ѪƳһſѪ
ִһĨǣһǿ̡
ڴŮίʵͻأ벻һͷؼǱӵߡ
Ůɽ򸾽ȻͬɽĿˣűлɳˣ̽һز˻֪Բ²кĿģʱұɽ͵Ϯһ̣ǳϱҸᱻ߱ҲΣա
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Ƕкô鱦ӵߣһǴ¾սһ϶˫ôԶͿŮ᲻ҳ֣Ҫǿ󣡡
뵽Ͳٷ


376 ͻ
ʼƵزʮͷѪоزؾԴȪһ̷ſգƮ״̬
˳濪ʼ߶ʮͷѪӵزرҲӷѪϯȫ
һͷͷѪȻСȴ̺ĪҲĸԴڣʱ߶֮ȫȻ˳ʼһδγȼա
ΧһɶȼճѪܴﵽɽҲ磬𣬻㲻Ѫ
ϾӴòˣѪħ硢׽һͬУҪȫ濪ʼں޼֪Ҫ龳ǿߡֿϷ
޼һ˵۷ںϣͷŸע޼ӿ޼ںϡ
ڼҲϷϢ˵м⡢ɢǿߣʱʱɱգ뻯ͨɱ
Ȼ޼Ѿۼٺ⡢ɢǿߣ޼ڵƬҲǾ԰һС
ЩȻΪб޼ԼϷţûɱһ
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֮ǰ˵ʱ䣬һαչС
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ԭһ겻ϳУƺõ߰˰ˣһﵽ۷塣
Ѫʾǲǰڲڻָͻһ磬̤䣡
һЦɲӭ顣
ѪͻƱΧʮɶѪƤ˺ѣƿʼȫ
ҲѪֲ쳣һħħͷΪͻ̫ң֮ѪʣһͻҪѪΪ
һƬƶΪѪռ䣬Ưڰգһδδڲը죬¡¡
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ӡϢԣ沢δоǴͻƳֻӡһֱδ淢֡
ͻ䣬ʵҲȫָʹ࣬ȴЦݣʵ̤䣬޵֣Ҳһͷ棬ڵңſʼһӽǿߣϹݣ龳ʲôص常Ħ죬Ǿǿߣ
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ȻѪʼӿ壬Ϊ򽡢𡢻ɱ䡣
ʱ˿ͬڣԺɽ򸾾Ѫ̺ĸ߼Ͻ֮һδͬǰֲ
龳ͷѪǺöϣɽԼֵ̤龳
ʹһϮּѪ̫¡
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о̤䡣
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ǰ󷨽һƵĳ

ʮͷȼճһͬһƬȼջˣȻڽϷһ⡣
Ȼ޷磬ɾƣԻɱ䣬˾ǿߡ
ȲʩչͨɱİԵС
꣡
Ϊʵɱ֮ʣӵز
ѪѵѪҪΪѪ
˲ͷŸӦĶڵزء
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۾ŵȼѪϲѪѾΪһֻֻѪһжʮֻѪ۾ڵزѪ


377 ػؿع
ѪѪƻָʵҲڲϴﵽ
Ϥһ뿪
ԭָϼ̡硢׽ȥѪҲѻָڳ龳˸оͬѪֲ
ˣǶںѪħڿʼһ󷨣ȻͿɽǰѪʱռʿʬ壬¶Ѫħ𣬿ΪѪ
ѵ뷨ȥɱǣʲôҪܿڡ˵õѪǼƺܿ٣̤龳
뿪һϮƮҺ£ԭôͻ䣿
Ưڸ߿գ濴֮⻯ڴ󣺡ҶǱӵߣҲǵعء
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֪ͷ赺龩õ񣬵֪֮Ҳһֱ½Ѱҵعλãڵع߱񣬲õعϢͷţ龩֪عڿոأ֪һ˲ǻڶ֣纣˷ǿߣɢһҲǲ࣬ĮӵбȻһ޷ڣϷֱһ鱦񣬿κһǶȡأֻк
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ͻȻʧһϷգһΧʲô޼ڽ죬һ
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մ½޼ڣֱܵ⡢ɢǿɱ룬Ӵ˴Ӵ½ʧ
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ȴΧΪθӦ⡢ɢ
ô˵أֽ󣬺⡢ɢ޷⣬Ӧʱʲô粨Ҳڿոأ֮ǰ޷絺Ԫ¶ҪڿոԴ
ȥոһˣ
ȻҪȥҪģ⡢ɢоӢۼһСģҾͻᱻַ֡׷ɱ
õѣʧ޼ڷ֮ϡ
޼յ̶Ƿ棬ΪѰȻشҲƣɾ
Լһʱھٶ֮£ѾոΧһЩǿսǣȻʼǻڡŵؽ硣
ֽոأȻüͷһǰˣˡ


378 ħ
˵ǡħոȻ縴ϢԼʪ̼⸱ѰҲӦһЩħͷš
ħҾúϤӦɽ򸾳һħʿħ˾Ǿа𣡡
Ǹѹǧܻ꣬ӳľа𣿡
Ҳ֪
Ѵħһħͷһǧžͷܶ˲²պɽħŵħͷа𡣡
ҿɢһõа룬»ûкӹˣаħ˾ɱҼĳˣѪҪֻڲʱҪ뻯ڶһ֡
뷨һȸӦаħ֣һ·ȥػҴӿһЩ𶯣ڲɱ
ҲӣǿԴյؽռ䣬ȻѰҿռλã·ܹһЩ֣֮ռӣ龳ͷҲܵӰ졣
ȷ˵Щ龳ȻҪܵ쳣֮Ӱ졣
һϿȣ·ռ䣬ߣ
һȥԭӦħҪΪ˱𣬵һշ
ϿʱָӦһУ˲δ֣ǽǧز㣬ϤƯռ䣬κʶƯƶ
ҲܶٸӰ죿
ռ䴦ƯκʿܵӰ죬ֻͨǴǰʿ
Ưռ䣬ٵطԾ·ӵһںƯ
̷ǰһЩһλҲںϱ񣬶ǴǵɣڲӵдϢһ뱦ںϣҲӵһ֮ٿռϢ㲻ҲǲܶٸӰ𣿡
濪ڣ̺ȻһˣǰһɺϢǺҲ뾡취ռ䡣
Ҳ֮ӦһŸӦһɴζ쳣Ϣ
ռ֮ٶȾǰԶռ䣬һٶຣǿϢ
ƹ֮·¼ڰ֮ͻȻһͬɫ
濴̣ҸӦħ
ףҲв
Ϣ٣һʱɢޡƶ뾡취ɱУԻΪҲȻֹ˫УҲʣ´ռɱһӡ
˵֮ûƬԥּǰ
ϣǧǰռͷϢ֮£Ҳֻѡ뿪ռ䣬Ȼôͬռ䣬̫пܱ֡
Ȼջ취̫ˣҿĿ棬ʩչľϢ档
ǰһɽȣһ̺ǳԵķâϢԴڲӿϷӦԼдӡ
桢ǰһЩӦͷŵ֮ʱʱ޾棬֮Ҳдʬ壬ʬҲв٣ĳЩطȼմ档
ڣһɣǶʮǰˣ˸ӦʿҪʬ屻ڰա
ǱȻɱĺ⡢ɢǿߣȻʾڡ
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žž
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޼ӵеľʵǶ˲֪ߵغ񣬾ððʧʧа龩ţֻбѹһ³
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˿ּͻȻһֱӽץһҲֻʹ֮׸

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ٶȻ죬ʹϼʹ
ԶҲѪȳݣֶҲδֲ̫ˣַĪħֶΣ
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ٺ٣ڿʼͻˣܶԸͷһ̤䣬ʵֱӻɱͷ
ȫը졢֮УϲüңҲóһ̺ɽ򸾾ѪѪã顣
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زѪʮһͷѪҲԽȼҫѪ⣬Ѫȼչ֮УҲʼ𽥷Ѫ
ѪѪ֮־ȼգΧѪѪ˿ܣʮһֻѪһδѪһδᣬͬͻһоϴ衣
Ѫ
ӦþѪСɱһ״̬ҲǾͷѪչ̣þѪѪͬУַѪǿʽԺǿ߾ѪСʮһͷѪѪԽǿʵҲԽ
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393 
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394 ˴
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396 ѹħ
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˫ּ˲䣬һͷͷȼͻӰ˳ħ䶾Һһ𻢳֣Ӧÿһ硣

磬벻ڻ𻢱ը֮ͻȻԽԽʢҼϺ󷽻𻢲һ˷֮ħܲʱŻ֮յ໲ҽС
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ûɱպõħɣǰָ֮ץȼӡһžһƴײһƬ汬ը
ħ̫ˣ𱾾ִڴ֮ĴڣȻԿֱһУ챻սҴѪ
໣
֮ѸӿΧ忪ħǰ˰״̬ǻΪƤֺƬȻ޷֮ǰش
࣬ҪƤݣ
ħȼ֮Ϊ֮Ȼʵ٣ҪΪ𣬲Ϻ
Ҳӿ֪ΪΣ˿ΧȻȻۼѪ෢ΧҲ֮ɱ·ħʩչͨ


397 ٵһ
ΪͻȻһʩչͨƿȻҡͻȻһɺϤϢϢԿΧ
Ѫӿ£̫£֮󣬴ɻͻȻӦڵħϡ
ʱ˫ͫһɫǴϢҽﵽ߶ȣôܣ
ħӵдǣϢ
Ӧ֮󣬾һȫǱǴ½ϡбʯҲûж١
벻ǰͷħӵдϢǽﵽָ߶ȣ
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ħͷŴϢ֮£֮ʣΧȻΪ籩ϳֳûѪࡣ
Ѫ潣һϷ籩һδɱ棬Ѫмܽɱ
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˼⣺ԸǾ֮ͷħʵӦôﵽ龳䣬ҾԾɱھΪӵдϢ
࣬챾һҪɱħͻȻҺ֮ʴ
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£ǾˣҺٶȾˣһʿ֮С
һ֮ӿ˳ٶһǵӰ֮µĲӰ֮ʣ˫ִӡγһ﹥ƣӡһδμӳ֣һ˸һˡ
ħ֮ǰһǰǴХӡ˳³硣
䣡
޼ժ޼ڵһȻŹҲǳ޼ǾҲһŲͨﵽͨޱȡ
ֻӡ֮ŭһ籩籩飬ڶ籩Ҳȫӡ֡
ҽħ˲ɣӡ˳֮УħָӡУδƬ飬ÿһιѪͷųָӡ顣
ɱ
ͨ泬Խࣿ
ȻǴﵽԳ־һЩܣħȻӵдǾԿһȻʮ֮һʴȫ汬ʵ߶޼ժ֣ƻȻﵽ䣬ߵز
ͻȻջһ𣬾ȻһĳǽħΧĴָӡ֮УһʮɰԵָӡͬӥצžһɱڵħϣѪ̹
ɶ񡭡࡭
ħѪڷŭȴΪѪʧȥ
ָֽӡģϮ;սħʬץסһɲǼ䴫ϤޱȴϢ

˿̣һպǧֻ鸲һƺѪĿ档
ȱʬ壬綾Ҳǳ⣬󲿷ޣǵħҲ
գ۽ħʬģȻ󵱿սӡһƬ뿪ʼϯ׷յûΪ촷ۣһʧȥƽ׹棬׷ױ봢䡣
ռʬ壬һ档
׷ɱο֮࣬Ǽգ˵ʧ
ֻص޼磬Ƹ˵ʵڽӭӣ֪ڼа޼綯
̻صҲ󷨼ں޼Լ޼硣
Ȼһʱóħʬо
һͷħĴڣͷҲǰ˰ޣһͷѿɻûΡ
ͷŸӦʼӿʬڣһʱӦľ顣
ȭͷô󣬾һˮڲͬҳŴǾϢһӰ
Ӱ뵽õӰ֮ͬ
ѵͷħҲںһ飿˼һһЩüĿٸӦħڣٴо˷֣ˣħѪ֮ҲдǾϢͷħõһӵоĴǣȻгжɣôϢںϡ
һĿ࣬侲´һϸϸӦڵħΧѪѪ̬Ҳγһ̬𺳳
ħǳƣںϴǾڷ·Ѫһ㣬ӵо˾ѪϢȻҶ£ѪɵħѪԼںôħںϵĴǾҲͳΪһ֡
Ūħһ֮֮ɫҪһʩչѪյħѪ
ʿաںѪѲףں޾Ѫ


398 Ѫ
ԼҲǳģʴͷųѪ𣬽ħʬ壬ֱӴ޼֮лȼգʬٻֻ¾Ѫ
һץһħȭͷƯ
߶ѪոսץģһֻѪͻȻõӵزֶſھͽУȻزˡ
һͷħͬѰ̺ǾϢ֮εȱ仯ʱ䶼ѪÿѪΪʲôʱҲѪһ
ڴ֮࣬ǳı仯ѪѪȿȻǻѪ
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̣
ʮκһɺ֮ͻȻӵز֮ϯ
ȫеħѪʼȼճѪͷžƣһ˲ڳΡѪ
Ҵӵزһ𵴡
ɲǽԪӿزأڵزΧ΢΢ϢҰ͸Ĺ֮࣬ǳ΢
ٽѪɫ벻ڵز֮ѪڣȼճһѪȻ̫ǿңѪγξ
ȫѪȼգزҲγһξѪϢͷŸӦ޼ռӦǴ̺֮Ĳƿ
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һ̽ԭѪ޼ħʬѾճһƬѪ
һʱ𺳣Ŵţԭٻĵħʬ壬ѪԼһ߳Ȼȼ£ΪһξѪ
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ħһжΪʣʧʣ±ѪȼնɵһѪѪ
ξѪƵħмֲ񣬵һȻѪ𾫻Ѫ֮ҵѪϢֻҪںϣƵѪڣų⣬ҲҪȫ߶Ԧѹų⣬̺ѪѪҴѪв
ʱȫעڴѪʼ߶һֻѪһӴγ쿪ʼһξѪһ˿Ѫ˿
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Ѫ𣡡
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ȫڴ߶ѪһɲǼ䶼Ѫ֣Ȼų𵴣ðһѪҲɫ԰ףҧԵħѪ
ҧȥЩѪ⡢ԼѾ飬ûжӰ죬ֻʹͬǧС
ںţһ֡
ͣ
ͻȻزӿѪһɾ𵴡
ѿԪѪһϱ𺳣ÿһȼѪһ˿ȼ֮һɰСѪ⣬ʼΪ̶СѪΡ
δô£̶СѪΣȼ֮£Ѫ״̬ΪһֻѪһͷѪʮͷѪһࡣ
ȻɱһͷѪ
־ϲ֮࣬ǰ仯
ѪʮͷѪ򣬿ͻȻһѪȼգմѪ˿һѪΪѪѪȥӲ
һѪ֮󣬲͸֮⣬ȫҲѪӿͻȻӿ죬Ȼͬ˳
ѪѪѪӦѪʣѪӦòǣѪһϵյħѪ֮󣬲ѪһѪ
ȻյħѪӵѪں֮ŻͻȻѪɱ䣬ԭ򻹲ֹЩĿǰٿԿ϶һ㣬ûյħѪǲѪɱΪѪ
ųҵüɡںϵħѪͷѪų⣬ȥ˵Ѫɱ䣡
һѪ֣ȫϲֿ֮ʼѪѹѪ
ͬʱ޼ԵħһξѪһ룬ʣһֲϻΪѪ˿ġ
Ѫ֮ų⻹ڲϱѪ͸Ƥֳ˺״̬


399 ߱
ȫѪܿѪų𵴣ȻڼһЩϸ΢Ѫ飬Ҫδܵˡ
ħѪھɱ䣬ԺһҪɱħϧֹѵܴץסĻ룬˵ѪɱѪףھѪ
ΪһֵħѪõزٴһѪûУ֮ǰһѪͷѪҫۣϢҲǳԵѪࡣ
ˣ
ų𵴿ʼʧ޼Ҳ˿Ѫһʧ
Ҹоղ޼ڷյħʬ壬ѪѪħ¼ѪһЩƣɽ򸾾ʬͶѪħ𣬽طѪѪħһЩöҪںϡ
ټһϢһѪ˿ʵѾ۷塣
ίʵš
ͫ⾪ϲ񣺡ѪѪ죬ɱһѪʵڶ̶̼죬ܴﵽ۷壬ԺҪоѪһҪץסħʬ塣
ѪǿҴǾϢǰҵõǿܴĴǣҲǴһͷħҲǣΪεħܵõǣƺħҲմίʵ֣
һ뵽ǰںڰçԭõǿǳ
Ҫ⿪ܣֻԺħףҼɺɽ򸾾Ѫǿȡ̤䣡
뵽ڿոɱۿԽʧأΨʵɱ֤ⳡ֮ʯ
ˣ
һںϡѪ֮
ԭڳ棬òֹͣ뿪󷨡
գڵȻƸ˵һ
һɨˣǳɭ䣺˵а龩ҹȥոأ
ʵǵģڿոѴӵռɱһͨռ䣬ɱذҲܸӦعڣд¶˲֪ͨ㣬һͬȥոأҲҪжһһȴǺ֡
üһЦ˵ǰȥոΪɣпܰʱҳ֣
Ĭϵͷ
ʣȥȥĻпܾҪ뺣⡢ɢޡ棿
ȻҪȥ㵱˵ҪӶԷжȡԲףҪ϶ȡҲףȻа취عҾʱѾ𽥳֣Ϊʵֹɱȥ
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ó棬ʼӡ߶
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Ϊδ񱩣ԼŰ
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֪ǳࡣ
ȥոһ·ϼǼǳضΪճǣһЩŵʿʱһǸãԹͷ̰ĿϢ
ոأҲһЩʿ罩ʬڴҴ̽ܣɳɵߣһ涾Ҳһּһմ֮񡢷衢ѪԲеȵȾٶҲգҾմҲһ³
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һؽ磬˼Ľ磬ڲ뺣⡢ɢǿɱ䲻֪ˣ򶡢ʬͷΪ޴ɼ
߿ասйʬͷڵʬ壬ֹ˫ʿʱʱܼһɸʬͷɵĹɽ˲ʮʿʱӳȥҲо綾һͱȻΪʬͷʳ
ಣ
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ǧ֮£˲Ԩγɵ̫ˣȴռ䴦ɼǸоռƬռ䣬һ˳ҲǺεͳͳ˹


400 أ

Խعλʱְ֪ͨ£һǰͳʮ֡
Ǿа龩ӦǿߣҲͿƸ˵֪Ŀǰаδ´ﶯֺҲʮֻ͵Ϯ
Լһʱ֮иӦһ޴ϢԼȻ
ǰƿǧĿռ䡣
һ޴ϿʱڲӿѪȣΧǾۼԼԨ
ϿȱǳȻǰĺ⡢ɢǿߣǰɼھĴնԨǿΧ򣬼󲿷ֿھһգһЩ⡢ɢʿһЩھ
ĪȥǣЩо綾մȾߣɣȥħƳɶˡ
;ʱһˣڲĹ󷨣ЩʿմȾߣֻл
ⲿɱȾߣԴ
ɸִ´һھտ߻ǵԨӦϤħԼǳǿı庣Ϣ
ٴһԨʱڲ洦ܼδھĿʯ⡢ɢǿһھ򣬶ҲϤطĳһ޼ھĿش
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أѵǡ
ǶȥΧҲδֹֻܸȥ
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Ԫһ¶Լ޷ⶾֲȥͶأ벻֡
ӼбĿ⣬ĮȻ˭
ƸܣλͷǺ棬붾أҲǺϵ
ԭ㣡ɭ֮ɫʧ֣ȴҲɫֻ˺󼸲
ɣԷѲո߲㣬֮ڱӵǰʧȥ⻷һͨӣɣ벻һܼ棬ҿȻж綾δ⣿
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ףҿʼ涾ֲ綾ⲻʲôҼҲ⣡
лģҪȥа𣡡汧ȭ֮󣬳Χʾתȥ
ߣ棿һӵбüͷû취
һߣ˳ڨЦӣ˷⣬ҲֻǶݵġ
ʲô˼ɺַѽ⡣
˵֮ǰ۴ˣٵ֪ͷֻסˣǲܻ
ͻȻĬȴڰмæͷ棬ҪСЩɢޡͷЩģһռ˿ô
ִ֪Щͷ˼ҲҪлл㣬ҿл㻹ǴӶأߣа취Ϊ㻯綾
УѾֲʮ־綾϶ǸӾ綾ɾ
û취ҿԱ֤Ϊ㻯޼ѻӦҲ֪һЩܻͬţѾûжˣ޼ҹϵ䵱ڶأǰһΣж֮ˣģҲĪҪ̫żأȻĺ֮ȶķУʱһʰ
ࡢл㡭
һ͵͵ĨĨᣬһᣬüһЩЦݡ
ñԱǺӼһЦʦãͬźидǶǰŮ裬ô˳֮ˣʲôģ
ϣ˿һֱңӦһ䣬ĬĬȥ
أҪɱңɣҿ»У
뿪һ̣氵иӦɡ


401 ̸
ȻһƬտ˵ھռ䣬һȻǧڹһ硣
Ҳаħˡ龩ԪЩָӸչƣһǧ඾ʬ
һ˾˫Ҳ͸һһ飬⡢ɢع
棬ӭ㣡
һִ£ԽʱΧٸֶڴ
а龩շЦΧһͷҲת档
һ۾ͿأҲУʮͷ򵥣ΪǾˣһֻмˡ
ǰںĬĬ棬ǻһģԪǷֲδϳ
ھͷǰ񣺡ӦԼ
龩һ·Ҳѿ˲ϴ󷨣عߣҲü
һͷҲǱӵ߱Į˵̯Ƶʱ̣⼸˫ɱˣ˵ӸߴＸ뻯ʧνǲСɱȥһʵ᲻֮½̣ǻʮӢ
һ˫˫պյľͷǰһȻӵбλҾô죬Ӧ
Įȿһۺ龩ֵǴ뻯ͣսȻһͬ鿪عҲҳ鱦䣬֮һͬعع֮ٿʵڲأ˭ֶ˭ܵõ౦ȻƽҲԣͿǺεȷӦ
û
ȭ֮һЦ
һ˫˫ͷǰףһʱ˵һ֣ǱֳȻͬ۵㣬˳ЩȻڽһ̣⵽ھͷѹ
һ⣬ھͷܡųΪƿءѹ
һĥͷ䱸и֡
ںҲ׽͸ƺЩˣû
龩ǸˣĦȭƣ¾㱸ֻǷ磬ȻСֵûǾͰռƻ뻯棡
ͷȻ˺ܺգĿ⻹һһȻδһ
龩а𡢱Į˽Ƭ̣оͷǰȥڹ󷨵Ķˡʿ׷׺󳷡
һҲֳӣǧġƺŵӣ󷽻֣ͨвӡ
ⶫšš齣ɽҲһ߲㣬ӵ龳ǿٽˣΧиǿߡ
Ԥе⡢ɢһ쳣˴Ĵ߲ǰˡ
ǧͻȻָŴ֮⣺ҲǶ֮УȻǱѹ뱱Įˡ龩
ȷ
߲Ҳòš
ʾ˰Ҫɱռ䣬ֱǳΣȥ
ˣ겻㻹˲ˣ
ԪȻ˾ͣս̸̸ҲܿǺĿǰ鱦ǻֻһ飬һ໥ûûɱһͬͣս
ڣ߲ⷬ붯֮Уȴüɭɭһ˵
ԪΪȻľа𡢺龩ҲڰƿһУ⼸ɱɱȥˣǻһͬó߶ҵһ鱦ڣȻع
䳰ѵعڲһͬ䣿
ãһعҿڵعڲʵᱦ˫ǳƽϾֻΪضعδδʲô˫ʧҲ̫òʧܾˣ֮ع֮ٿʵȡأⲻǸã
ʱ俼ǣɷ񣿡Ȼġ
ʱĮ˵΢ЦȻԣɱ˼ѵ⼸춼Ȳȥ
ǾͣսҲĪǰһǶ˴˰Ե֮Щӷ׷˺
龩ͻȻۣ˺󣡡
һȣл˵
ɢޡڸҲ׼룬Ȼ߳˫ȭ
һɨ˵
龩а𡢱ĮˡħˡԪꡢأȾͷҲ׷׿棬ʮɻ뾪
ڵ½ͷǰǻǴӦͬǾͲȥѰҵ鱦Ϊ֪鱦䣬ϣһ
Ŷ˫ͫ⡣


402 
龩аȾͷҲдһľ㵣δϵ֪鱦䡣
ڣϢ
һ龩ͻȻعǷһ仰˿ʼھռش
ھռԼһԶ⡢ɢ޴־ۼΧ
һʱ֮Уһ˫˫ͫϯ
˵أøΪ
˵ȷΪӦôﵽ龳䣬һ߽λ龳ͷΪЦ½Ӧһ䣬ĮȻñ־ͷһ֣ɱУղһͬ⣬ظΣա
ǵȻǷѾĻõϱһ֪ϣȻʱʱ̿ѹңԣҲҪ뾡ӿضõǴ½Դ
ضһҲҪǴ½Դ뵽֡
˿̱Į˴ͷǰúϢǵȴнڴߣڵ¿ռ䱬һƸ˵㡣
ǰһߣžɳƸ˵ٴѺ棬˵Ǳʵж
⡢ɢʮ龳ͷ
桢̷·𱻹ʱһϢЩͷһۼٲ뿪󷨡
Ҳʮ龳ͷʶмˣбĮˡħˡأ
Ԫꡢ龩ȼ֣ЩΪ̫
˵˵龳ͷ
氵Ƹ˵
ɢһԱĮˡаΪʼǱĮ˷ǿߣа֣ǧžͷݵõϿɣɢһ֮м֡
ƸɢһǿߣأɢˡħˡĮˡаΪ䵽֮Ĵڣкɡݳ˾ɢˡ͢Ϊڶ֮䡣
һ־˵Űнܣˣͷ֮Ժ龩ԪꡢǵƵԽΪΪҲ䵽֮䣬ʣµľǹĿ졢ԭïΪͽλȣʮǿ֮У龩ǹ쵺ĿǺҲǺ龩ߵĸ
ʮ龳ͷδƸ˵и۷֡
Щһں⡢ɢ޽ưһûأѪһνһĺ֮
ҲڰһȻ氵Ӷ˫ʮΪﵽ龳ͷΪȺɽ򸾻Ҫһ㣬̫ѶԸڻˡʥҲͬȿֲĴڣΪһЩ֮ĴҲɳ龳ǿߡ
治мԽԽãޱҪһعܽعӵеõؿܣʱԽೡԽңҲлУҴ½Դ羫ɣҲǴǾ˶ԵõģعԪΪûںϴ½ԴΪӦóԽ龳ɣˣһֱ֪ǺεΪ
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κֳʮŸ֣ȻһҲδһȭͷѪ
Ц֮ľһһ߾Ÿ߲ʬ壬봢ڲ
Ҳż龳ҲҪܵǰд֣һҲŹǣ
֮ǰȥ
ϤռմǾռ䲻ƽأԿٶȳ˱ܡ

ԣҲ޷ӹȻ֮
Ƭռ֮ᣬﵽ䣬ʵ䣬һܵһ޷ݺᡣ
˿̡
濪ʼģ븡ռǿΧһ֣֮С
һƷ֣תһղϱƽ棬һһںֳǰͬ֡
ʮʿһտŵ÷׷ð麹Щ˴Ҳ֪ǺͷӾôܣ
ΧǸʿվڵܵռ両ץ潣΢΢ͷųȴڴ󲿷ֿʼ顣
Ҹƴˣ潣ʼͷŽ汦Ҳһ֣ͨ齣ٶȣɱ
֮⣬ǰЩ⡢ɢ޶һȺϣ

ٶͻȻӿ죬ǰȻ潣ǲͬʱ޼ժֻΪɾӡƲǿңͨռͷš
ǿߴһΪԼ׳ٶȻʵ޷ӳƽʱʮ֮һ֮ʵͳԽ龳


409 ѹ
صһ죬һƬƮӡմ϶ѹʿʱôѪðǡ
ɣ
ʿɲˣ޷ڶʱ֮ʣģӿ¸˲޼֮С
ҲƸ˵еʿѹ
޼ںһ룬ܴ߶֮һУǸ߼Ŀռ
ݣ
һʿ۾ͱѹ
ǰʮʿ֮һǴݺͬ鱻ֶͨλʬ嶼δ£ǸϽһͬģһ˲䱬ץ潣ʮ潣ͬʸХ
ֻ죬ٶֿһ潣
ʲôˣȻٶǰ㾪ˣ
棡
ʿ׷׿󷽡
һм˶ϸо춯ʼ󷽣ǿɶǺ⡢ɢޡžӢ
һʱ˶ϳš
žžž
ָӡ˫ֲץ֮Խһʿ߶ʱָӡػ
˹һֵ˲أҲʩչ潣Ҳһ봢䡣
Ժʮ֣ĸȥɷ׷׸ѹ
ɱɱ
ֶǰ֣ȻЩ˿ʼץ潣齣ȻôĿֻһˡ
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Ȼһ֣Ϊɽ̫࣬γɱȽϾ˵һƬɱ档
ʮڷɽںϵĽȻռܾˣǽԽˣԽܵٶӰ졣
һ󺮷磬ٶȳ潣ƣɱ֮С
ЩӶǾӢǸ߲㣬ռͷͨƶ޷ʩչͷų޷Ը棬ɱҲֻȭಫ
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󷽰ռϷͻأһƿƳ֡
ֻһʮ׹ռ䣬ڶӰһƷƣʮħʿ
ͷ߾ȻǾаҲռ档
а𡭡
ռ䣬ӦȻԸǽһ
ħΪϤеϢʴ˼аһȺֳ֣һռ䣬аΣ
ûо龳ʵ֮Ҳֻͨ龳һܵ޷֡
۵糸䣬ʮ־ͱڲʮκһҲδŹ⣬ѹ
棬ӣ
аڰ֮ռ䣬ƻĿⶢ棬ֵշХ
ɲ棬аĹۿ½ռ䣬ȻڣҲʩչֶͨΣɱҾ͹Ҳ׷ҲУ
ħͷˣڳ˶֡
һ泯ʮɢȥ
ţϤϢ
պֶɢǿ֮߳ʣָӡͷų߷׷ˣָӦȻһϤϢ
ü˲䣬ָӰԵҲͨʼͷױȵ
ָӡһűһ徢һϣһȭ֮κʿ㱻ʧȥʶôһУܽһֻɱ
Ҷԣ˷Ѷʴֱ֮նոһɢǿߡ
棬챾һҪȡͷ
󷽰ףаѶԳٶȣСܳ׷ٶѾԳʿϼⶼڲ˫һƣ˫ͫҲԱһЩħ
龳ͷ涼Խʿ
ٶȱȲ棬Ҳģѹʮɢ޸֣΢΢ԽܰɱٶȣȥԸ֣ǳһٶȥ
һδκа˦һξ룬ǰʮͷаĺǿߡ
أ¸֡νɾȳȻŶأʵȻδﵽ龳Ҳ㲻þԸ֣
һʿǰԽһŮӣĿ⡣
ã
ٶȴķüʿ
һתͼѾʮ֮⣬һ㣬Ҳϳ棬ǸϽ߶潣
ԵаʰϺС㣬̫򵥲


410 ռ
ɱˣһʿΪﵽ۷壬ȻһΪһʵԳ
˾浱ʱǸԻĺ¸֡
ͷ߶潣һͷų潣ֻһ֣ٶȷоѹƣ潣ץһָӡ
أ
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ڰԵָӡ֮£̡鶼׷飬˺ʣһ̵ֶǰȴӾ綾ֱ˹̡
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ġ
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Ҳɣֱġ
áǿɳԾشڵϣǳϤĵӣȻǿᵽ˵ز
ΪأҪСҲڶΧһ
ʰأ¸֣ǰʦ㣬ԻָˣѸозǳӵľ綾ģǰûо綾ܻġ
𺳶ȫð麹㡢㻹ǵǸʶ޼ڵ𣿡
ȻңʦĪǲʶˣʮɣȴǵһЦҲмִϤ㾳أҲܸӡ
Ҫ˵ʲôͻȻ󷽣ͫͻأŴ󣺡ˣǴħͷа𣡡
׷ˣɱҵģʦ㣬Ƚҵķ֮Уͽ⡣
һ˿ӦҲ㱻˲޼ڡ
Сӣ
а׷ɱĿ͸ħȻٶڶûов
ɨһۣǸռӶȥ½ԴǴɣȻƬռ
ٴα˦ľа𣬶뽫ƤҲֻܲһ׷ȥ
ֽһڼʮǿߣǺ⻹ɢޣֻ֣ͳͳѹ
ʱԽһǰӦˣǾǳ棬ӦþǴ½Դڿռ䣬Įˡħˡɢˡأ龩ԪȾͷҲǰǰ໥ɱд󲿷־ͷڶԸԻˡͨΪ׵ͷ
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治Ͽ˿ĸ壺ɢ֮еɢ͢ʵδﵽ߽λʵҲ
ͻȻƸԪ񣺡ˣѹ޼ǿߣ¶ٴѹʵʵ˭ҲΡ
ôţ˵ԺдôǶҲ񣬲֮Ҫڲ߶޼һɱǿߡ
龳ǿ޼Ƹ˵һӳ޼ͿԴ߷汦һַ
桭
ǰ׾ͷɱɢˡ͢һƹһԸǿߡ
ǻͷԪ񣬿֪ͨ֡
ûȥɢˡ͢ɢ˲һȻΪǾڣɴһɢߣΪͻʧܣһֱͽλ龳Ϊ޷ͻơ
Ҳĵһλɢߣɢٲֶɴʱʧܣͻƽʧܣϸ˵㲻ɢߣԼݣɢڴ½һΪ
Խɱռ䣬ٶ˿һľһٶռ䣬Ȼˣ
ռ䣬ϴṳ̂ģǴҲͨ쾳Ҳ޷ռ䡭
ٶȻˣԸо
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ٶȲ𺳣˼飬ѵռʲôϵΪΡ
ռ䣬ٴοǰʱͨռ䣬Ȼһ޴ޱȣǴؾԼȻɣʮࡣ
ռ״̬
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һ龳ǿߣŻںüӣΧɱһͷԼͷʿ


411 龳ͷ໥ɱ
šǴ½ڶ龳ȻһҲ̫࣬һ½ڶҲǾڡ
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˫һ涼ɱ࣬ǶžȻüǿ߰·ء
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һЦڰ֮ƹͷǼӲϳǰȴ⽫ٶȷһЩ
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ٶҲڷɣﵽ˱ٶȣٶƽʱȻϣռ֮Уٶȴ÷ǳˡ
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治һӦԷλãڶԷʱѾ֪Էʲôˡ
Խ֮һߺǱԲٶڴššڡ齣ɽʮڸ֮»ǰ
˳ԾŲ棺Ȼ棬ӵȷ򵥣ںϱĴڣ̺ռ侫þƣռ䲻ܶ
ٶȷ棬ԽЩˣĴͷĸĲĿࡣ
ͻȻƹʮǿߣǰߺֶΣôֲɱԽ󲿷ɢޡǿߣ
˻ðɣΧ߱ȭɱӣЩˣ档
ĴǻΪǵõعһУȻճɽħš޼ǰ㣬ǡɱңռǲܵģ

ʮִǰչ½أٶȳЩԲٶȣȴǱܡ
شھͷǰռ䡣
ûҧгݣƴһͷ׷ɱȥ
󣬴ڱ֮е棬ֽһռ䣬ں󷽿ˡаЩӰ
ԽֲҵٶٴܵŶǰһͷϢӵо˴
Ҳʼһ棬ʱɫһ֮йһᣬǰһͷСܱҰ֮С
Ǿͷתǳ𺳣ײǡ㣿棿
龩ϧ㰲źõľ˵ѹΪֶξ׳ң
ͻȻЦ벻ǰͷǺʿһǿߣ龩


412 ߵʱ
龩ǺԭͨƣռӦûܵ벻ٶȳԽˣǱںߣþƿԴﵽ˸߶ȡ
һŹ㣡龩һ֮࣬ɱڣٶȳԽһҪ죬ɵøӾ㵡
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ͷӲмںưԣ½֮ϣʧȥƣɱңøмֱ²С
ܵãǰлڵһͨĮԼǸ̵Ϊǰõ½Դ
θɣ龩޷õ½Դ
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龩֮һڣռӵоԳԽ龳ƣƸ˵ͷҿԴ߶޼ħˡأɢԼˣ龩ɱ
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ŭ⣬ȴ뱱Į˽֣ƶԸң֪һʼҲǣɳȥ޼磬Ҿ죬ҾǵأϣֱѹǴⷽȡ鱨
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ҲԽСٶȣŽǰһͷٴУɼ֣һЩҲʮԾаûɱ㣬ҵǿ뵽Ȼûס㡢ס㣿һ·龳ͷҲûһס㣿
ΪһܵóԸ׺󷽲׷ʵ棬ӡ
̲԰׵ϣһĨΣֻһĿ꣬õ½Դͷ̫࣬ҵõ½ԴԽԽã
֮䣬˶ϵҲʶãΪ½Դ֮Ҳ֮УҲ˿Թͷ粻𣿵һȨƣûҵʱֻ˻½ԴǸı˵ĴڣΪͷѪթ
ʱҷʼʶ㣬龳ͷĸ壬Ȼаյõ½ԴֻڴУҪСĻڵһӣȻһ䣬ʵɴﵽ䡣
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ǰͨĮȻתӴ⣺ΪǱĮ˵׷ˣ벻㡭
һ׷ԩ·խͨͨһ龳ǿߣܳǧžͷ


413 Խͨ
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ͨӳԾȻǱںϵ˳̶ȣǲҵٴƬϱһͬںϣδӵǿʢǾɲ˼Ԧ
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ԽԽȣﵽСٶȣΪռӿֲͨҲ亹μʩչٶȾһ߶ȡ
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ͨһ˳Ϊ֮УΣ֮ǰ˵Ǻʱ£

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ͨںһѪٴε״̬Сٶȳȥ
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ļð亹ɿǰﲻһ̤㣬ӦǵعԪǰǱ½ⷢ⴦ռڴ½Դ־ͷΪȻ龳ȻҲδںϳɹ֮
뵽ǰĳһ죬һǿҲǿĪĴ½Դ

һʱСٶȣǧռ䣬ڽһɴǾ΢΢𵴡
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Ϥ𶯡ÿħ쳣ѵȻ˷ץסϾпһͷħΧָо̫ʵϤ


414 ħѨ
ѪյħɣħѪƶ

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ͷʲôЦȸɱ࣬汾ȥЩһˣʳ

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416 Ԫ֮
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زǵӰϢ˲ӦնĴǾ˶ڵزʵȫħѪҲȼջ档
շڲǾ˲ܵռѹʧ


417 Դռ
Ԫռ䣬֪մ½Դ꣬ڵľʵǴ½Դڵںϴ½ԴӶӵиܵӰҲ
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עһ̶ɫ֮Уڴַѽ⣺Ǿ飬ΪһΪ˲磬ֻΪһ

ֻΪ֮ǰһɫϸһɫ֮ǰͬȻҲһЩƣ涼һͷͼڣ·ڷ֮ڷɣͷųѹ·

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ʧȥռҲһЩⲻ˵ռԴȪڣ


419 ½Դɽ
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ܲɶɽһҪˣǴ½Դ
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̫޴Ҳ¸޷ȡɽûģɽ֮󣬲δ׽ɽƶ
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ԭԳҲʶȻҵõȡߣбɱԡ

벻һ࣬δ޷˵档
ҪһսУץסһڴ󵶣Ҳ汦һƷӦƷ汦ٶȱ֮ҲٶȣұͷһҲͷų
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Ž½ԴȻΧӿǹĵ𣬸ԣҲֻζ֮ƣǳԡ


420 ȡ
ռ֮ǰ֮һͨԱһҲͷš
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421 ͷɱ
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ҪҲҪһĴӣͷų
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ܲô࣬һʱҵѷ졭
ͷŸӦһ׹䣬ʱʱ̻̿ᱻҳ࣬ϣ㸴Ϣ治߿ա
ͷħа𡢻ͷ·֮ս׷ٶҲԽԽ졣
γɽ׾룬ʱʴ½½·ռһƬƬꡣ
һ󡭡
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422 
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ضôϷ޽飬֮ͽ汦˺飬ݻһƷƷ汦Сǲ֪ߵغڷл·
ߺߣҷĻĵб¾ͼҪҲҪһǿߵ汳
ֽ꣬ٶͷȥ
·ǿòУ벻βҪһߵڣҲܷ棬ֻܺݺں׷ɱ
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ħͷҲܵвС˾Ըѹǧ꣬ʱһֻ
ǧ޷ɱ㣬βʮ꣬Ҫڱ֣֮Ĵӣھаǰȷһ
аݺ½ʱ򣬻͵ʸҲûС
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Ӧ޽죬Ҳζռ価ͷ
ڸӦ֮ʱʱһ飬ȻɻǱӶγһĦ𵴡
ʵʲôף޽巢飬һδ໥֮γײγɸӾ˺𵴡
аȻ˵ˣ޽鲻γɣջᷢһռ񣬶һԴͷȡĪϵҲ˵Ӳ򵥣ԭһռ䣬ôˣ
ϷĦƣǳۣ֮Ķ顣


423 ǿľа
һ̣ͷһ۾а𡢼ͷħԼͷȻӿٶȳһľ޴ӷȥ
Сӣ
а𡢻˼գһ˼ѷ졣
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ͷħҲһҧ棬һ࣬ڵħһߡ
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ʱѷͷǰ졣
沢δԥɨһۺ󷽣ЦһͷС
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ʩչѪħѪɫѪʡ
ͨǧĽ죬Ϊվ۷壬˭ҲǶ֣֮󣬱ָܻ۷Ϊͻȥа·ò
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аЦСӣΣҲҪѪʶߣ

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ǸͻȻΪ𣬳Ϊһͷɶ೤ħ࣬ҵħһ
ħҲɱ
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㲻óѣֻ濪ʼӡ
ѪɫѪͨһӴѪͷϷŸ׹ƬһСģᱻ˺飬ܻܴӱߡ
ۿ
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䣡
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424 ɱΧ
Ȼܳ鱾ѪѪΪ˲һܽѪ˳̶ȣ˵ѪʳԽ
֮Ѫɫꪻ飬ըаˣĿͷСܲˣ˸ߵѪʣǱ֮Ϊ½У˶Ҫɱ㣬㻹ڴ½㣿ȥ޼㡭
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425 
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Ȼ֪ûйϵҾû뿪Ϊ治֪һ̻ᷢʲôһͷ˵ǵǡ
ף˿ʼϷԨȥҺòտȻпײǿ鷳
ˣ
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Ӧ֮ǳ뾪ϲԺȴĪа˳Ԫͻʦ֣֪㲻޼磬ոѰ㣡
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ֻҡҡͷį޼ڲڣ֮ŶȥûʸΪ޼ڵӡ


426 ͷ
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Ĵ֣ȷΪԼЧҲģʱӦһֻ۱һֻۡ
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ˣ
ڲֻĴ
ʱֳһĴӣȻʥ
üҲ֪߳һǧžͷҲǻһĴӣӳΪԪϣ仹ĴӣʵӣΪʵﵽָ߶ȣڻ뻯һλѾٶδڴ½
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ķ·ѱ⣬֮ΡȻΧҵõԼ½Դڼʱɱ½ûȥ·ֻ޼磬½ƣ޼ҲһԱסԴ޼ⲻѰ취޼Ըش޷вңΣ
취

ڴ֮ϣʱκзӡѸоӭͻơ
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428 Ѫ
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ǺεȹÿֲʿһŹĻǿֱʿǿԼ
ͷޱ𺳣ͻȻǻȻףΪһ治ʮķˣֻ㵯ָʱ⣬龳ͷ֮ϵԭ

칦
ƺ޼ڹ֮е·𿴳һЩʶĶ

һɨͷ޼ѧ޼ժ̫̫ͨ࣬ӣɿˣԪзʽͨǰʩչؾֱֱӴʿڻȡ
ֶаħкβͬ
֪Ӿһʱ俼ǣ¶Ȼͬı飺޼ʿǿԼպɽħкʦ֣ʵʩչԪ󷨰·ȥУԶԶʿǧϻڣ޼ǧ֮󣬳Ϊ½һ
ʱΧ磬̫õԪ󷨣һߣ֪ʩչֶΣ㲻ǧֻ꣬أ
˫ͫޱȿ϶ǧҲգҲգʦ֣ⲻһʱֻҪԪԼ޼Ǿ޼ڱػᳬڣѪ֮𡣡
Ҳ뷨ϾһֹзʽûоԵȷҲûоԵĴǧջ㼯һΪ޾󡣡
ʱҲǳƶһЦִϿջڵӰӣǾ֣κ鶼ڼ֣㣬Ҳ޷ߵһ죬뻯Ϊ׵ŶԿ


433 һͷɱ޼
ҲŲԪ󷨣ٽš
ӹɣȥʦŴȻҽķΪԴ߶ԪƿЩʱһ֮
ʦһͬɱУҴңҲΪűѪ𣬺ֲΪ
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ĪаɴʮʿΧʱ˿޼Ϸһڲͬ𵴡
Ӧ֮󣬴ʱҲֲԾ޼Ƭռ䣬ʼ˷ӿһ𵴡
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ϼɪɪһɨЩͷѰô

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
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һ̱Įˡħ绢Ƕ޼磬ִ¸ֱƽһЩ
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Ǳ뿪һҲҪطԼɽħһԵȵ


434 
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ǸӦҲ޼ںҲɱ䣬Ѿ޼缸ﵽ״̬Ĵ߶޼ʩչ룬Ӷ޼һпռ䡣

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÷ǳ⣺޼𣬻ΪԶ߸߷ɣ벻ǼڳҲȡȻҪŻΪξһǻɱڴˣΪڡ޼ЩѪޡ
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ֿһࣺλʦܣԴĴͷȥɱĮ龩ˣأɢԪǸ棬Ҳɱ

ʥ뻯ĴӣҲҪˣɭɭһȣһָȥ


436 
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ǿߣǿ龳ͷȻͨǰҲǵ
˭ͨҲһ䣬ʵȴǿ˼һоͽɱ
һҪСӸ޼ȷ򵥣ռҲȲϣСһĳ䣬ĳԨ
ʢŭ֮µͨȫΧһǿߣ֮޼ں绽ǿߣһƨ档
޼һ
ħ죡
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׷ǻĴӣʵ¡ʥֵĴڣˡ
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ħ֮УͻأɱһȼյĹ档
֮ǾаѪ˫ͫħͷŶĹſھͽ˹ҧס
ǲˣһ֮󣬹㱻˺飬аһߡ
ʱ֪ӵѪʣͲὫѹǧꡣ
׷ɱȥѹаµаⷬɾͣѪҪѹѪѪǿŵӣѪѪǿ
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ʱ־޼شøָӻаĿǰ˶֣潻档
С˵ȻϢ޼޼벻˺嫣Ҫ˵
аһƬħ棬һ˫۾ϷĿ⳯ΧɨȥѰ䡣
оͷĿ궼ץס棬õӵعȡı
ۿռ䡣
޼ϴ߶Լ޼ںϴϴ½Դͷż棬ÿһͷռÿһƬ䶼ܸӦ
䵱Ԫ𳽡ءЩ޼ڸ߲㣬Ϊ棬޲ýһɱ
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439 ɱͷ
ͬʱץپӣϢ֮ǰ治٣ӰԵΪ޼磬յҲԽԽࡣ
ӽһںϣҲԵħԼɽ򸾾ѪͬʱǿҲϱѪ״̬
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ȻӵزֳһϤ
زһԭѪɫѪȼճһѪΧѪ˿ΪһѪ
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Ҳ˲ɫʱҲͷųΪǿϢͷѪΪѪ
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Χһ΢
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Щʬ壬챻߰˰ˣһҪʼԸЩͷ
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Ȼ䣬ǧϷռɳ֮Уһͷ
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֮ע⾪ǹʮͷ߶󷨲ϾţѾˣ֮ɳ·ƣ˼пܱһȺǿ߻ɱ
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ǼʶʶΪռƿߵֶΣ
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һǿʵԪƯڻɳ֮Уǰһüǹʼߣͬȡ
ֲϴ߶󷨻ɱлͷʱƱֲþǹΪͷô޷֣Ϊ
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440 ׺ͼ
Сģ
˷Ϸָӡơ
һ֮󣬰ǹҲͷ汦ɱָӡơ
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ǰһ̸ֻܷžͱָӡǶɱвǷǣը

Ԫ꣬Ǳըָ֮һץ
һɹץסһɱǿߣͻȻһѪܵĸ֣Ǿǹ
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ԪָһЦ֮ʣľǹͻȻɱһ𣬾һû˾ǹ
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𱬷֮Ǿǹյžϴ߶Ҫɢ֮ϣͽ͵ġ
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ʮ֮󣬾ǹ״̬ճһ齹̿ȻͻȻΪ壬һͷɶྪ˵Ĵ㣬ͷֳּ⣬ͬǹһ㡣
ǰǹδһ˫ӾţȴʧȥԪһץȥ
һ׻ɱ
Ԫžǹʬ󷨣Χͷĸ𾪡
ͬԺһͷ˵һǹճɿ㣬ĿģںǺʳǿ׺һκ򣬺ޱǿ⾪ǹһص򣬾Ҳû취
½̣ȻѰϼһҡҡͷ
ǹʬץ󷨣кüʬ塣
ϸ֮濴˵Ǻ棺һֱ׺׺Ǻεȴڣ
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Ƹһ䣺ЩĴ½֮Ϊ½
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˵ֽŽܣǱ½ʷϣǰʼͲдǿ߽׺ȥЩ½ûһɹһ̤׺ûܻŻ֪ǿߣҼͷȥ׺һȥ
ΧͷҲ񣬶浹һںԭˣ˵ȥЩ½봳һƬ׺
ˣĮˡħЩɢ޾ͷʵ뿪Ǳ½ǻڵ̣ݲǣֻԽ׺ȥ½ϧ޷׺ֻڴ½ԵԼأԪҲһˣ˵ûһϣ뺣һߵĺܽ
Ϊʿ뿪Ƭ磬ȥѰ½
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׺
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ƸͻȻ˾Ҳź龩һ׺ͼϷ¼׺ٺ꣬żп뿪׺Į龩һĿľ׺ͼƻһͬ׺뿪Ƭ½
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Ǿͽ龩ɱܵõͼãεţ޷ڴ½㣬ֻȥ½һѡܲѡ񵱸ԶںƯ
벻ģ֮ջ
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ȼ龳ʬ壬Ǹ޼磬ʵҲ˶
˶֮ӶǾϲ
նɱһΪĴӿεȼ


441 ͷ
ǹҲ飬գѪ֮Ѳף飬һһΪҴ
ȡǹʬ飬δ뻹գ֮ѷǳٶһľǸûкô׸

ˣ
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һɲǣֶ޼Ӧٴռ׳̶ȣ
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ˣ
ݳʱԪ겻ƿնȥ
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Ԫ治мһߣɳƳΪһ״̬һǽǺһըѣԭݳ
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442 ͨɱ
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443 潻
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ԭдϢֲٶơԪ氵ѮԽգ·
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һᵽ޼ΧԽ᲻޼󷨣ʴռʧҪȣҪе˶ڴˡ浭֡


444 ͻ
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452 ɱħˡɢ
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Щ޴ʱʱ֣վ˵˵ԽײкԽ£û˼άֵֻ֪ͼΪϳȥﵽ汦߶ȣкľ޴в
Ǿ纣ոߣԶ֪ƣ룬֮һжʯ
ۣ
һһʩչ𣬴ʱ涼ð麹ʧǳˣʱѴﵽ롣
Ҫ֪ͷ֣Ҳʧ˳̶ȣ˭㳱չƣһһͣ
ҲӰӣ㳱ƣΪȻһ㣬㳱Ҳֲ˶á
ǰźͻȻ˵ˣҪ赲㳱ûϢ
ҡͷȻ龳ûۺ񣬶ԸЩ㳱ǹؼһӦ;Ӧܴһͬˮҵ·ϵԽԽΣա
˾ܣڲϱ㳱׷ɱ治ֶΣˣѱ㳱Ե
һ׷Ҳ֪ȥãɱ㣬ֻʣһ֮󣬲ʩչꪡ
֮һɱʮͷ㱻ɱҪԡ
ҲʼѪԼͷϲ
ȻŻȻԼģĿ⣬ǻأ֪׺֮Ϊſ£Ϊ㳱Լδ֪´½ʿҲûܴ塢躣ѱ
벻Ƭž
ꪶԸٶԿʼӿ죬ֹȥһº󣬺ʧֻʣһЩ׷ɱҲԽƽ
ٹȥ죬˳װ㣬ڼž֮ãһҲǴӹŹؼһ
ʱΧϤһ֣ǳ޴󣬲ӶʮǴ̤׺˵һ
֮ǰμ˸Ӧãȷû֮Ÿҵϵ
úһһЩ½ԴƬΪԴۼС
һʮѶõȻʼͷ𣬵Ѫ߶޼롣
ѪӿѪȼգڲֶʮͷʱʱ̿涼ڻָ֮С
ѪѪҲڼ顢ܡ
ڴ½ƽʱ泩Уźǣ׺½֮һ
ڻָϢҲǿ״̬ϻָӦ֮ʮ⡣
һºָ࣬ټٴ׺
һ㳱Ǵʵﵽָ߶ȵĺ֣׺ڲ󲿷ֺ龳ʵ
ϢֻѡأǿʼŶزӣԷǳٶ׺֮ƯѰҳ·
ҺдԴԼֵڡ
ԺҲ˽⣬֪׺һʱ䣬ΪǱ½дʿ׺ȥ޻صԭ׺̫Σգɱܴ׺ʲ֮һ
;ҲжΪѪϴôɲֵ˵лֶΣ˶ĳһ
СģдϢ̫ˡ
׺꣬һ֮£ٶǰţͻȻʲôֹ˼ǰ
ȻһᣬʱǰͻȻһƬ磬γ˺֮һͬɴӣǰ˺ǧȻϰͷں滺ζĺ֡
Ǻͨƺʨֲֿڣߴɣ龳ٱ
˵Ҳ֪ǺεȺ֣һָоһͷһܽ˻ɱΡ
ȴ죬ȺֲźƺƵʧȥ˵ɿϴ󣬿ѽ׺׺ӵǿĺ֣Ȼ֮ǰ֡


475 Ȫ
Ȼ׺˵Ҳӽ½ǵøСģټȥһԽ׺
Ϊ˴Ϣһ󣬾ͼ
˳ں֮Խ꣬γɴױϯ档
һЩ޴֮£׷ױɱѪ˶ŵñСžǰ
һ
˵֮ǰǾ޴󺣹֡㳱ֲױֲΪ£޴ܴɱ
һֱһΪ˳뱩꣬ۼ⣬¾Ҫ졣
һ㣬೤׺ͨ
ǵ֮ϽѰҶ׵ĶѨ˭Ҳ벻ǣѨûҵҵһƹݡ
׺һйݣ
˺𽥿ݣΧЩǽСԷݡ
ݴ󲿷ֶǣǿʯԼػҲ޷һݡ
ǰռĶңϧ󲿷ֶѱֻһֻڷꡣ
ںܾǰĳ£Сʴ˲Щۼ

ϼʩչһɾҶͷһЩƬֱ̣Եø˲ʯݡ
һЩۼʲôҲûС
һ󷨺þ˵ǰһ汩գȻǵױã
˵Ҳ˼֮󣺡˵£ִ꣬ױͨټҲֻǼʧ׺Ӧûһʱ䡣
Ĺһͽ˾ۼһ飺ǾϢױ̫£ʱҲҳûʱúУױ·ҿȥѲߣ򲻿ɴ⡣
Ҷûױܽ޴ɱʿһҲ
źһУһЩԴ⣬ʩչ󣬼ʼУںꪡɫѪΪ
󽫱赲⣬ױҲܾȷд󣬼ܻУҲûжӰ죬Ͼ޼Ϊۡ
ɫ֮ÿѪɱжҾһЩ飬Ȼֲ£޼ҲȲϣһǾ֪ںϣֻͬӣһӻʯȥںϡ
ɫ
ͼڣħһѪҲûͼǰԵ
ϵͼڣצϸϸһͼϽצоֻͷϻһֱӲǣϸԿǡԼֻצ
мۼͼȻԵޱʥ
Ҳ޷ܣɫԽʵֻ̫ܷ࣬˲֮лںϡ
ʦ֣з֡
һºһԪ괩ٻ
޼ü
˲ϢݺһͿӶһȪԱߣƺ֡
קʲô֣֣泯ȪһָҸոѲʱ⴦ȪۣԼŴˮȻӵ¶ȣҴо³
Īаæ˵꣬泯ǰȥȻһŴԼʮɣЩƣٸ룬ΧҶʮïʢΧЩԲһһЩɫڴΧʱʱγɷ״̬
ٿȪۣһָȻȻ˳ʯȪ֮УȪɿ飬ðһЩˮݣΪȪۺȴֻвߣɼףû֮ס
Ȫ۸˵һоѰ
Ȫˮ£һЩ֮󣬴󲿷ֶסһɫӣһԴΪ˷ǳ֣Ҳʮֹ⻬ֱ
Ӵ߳ŽߣѰ֪ΪΣȪֻȴðһЩˮݣϸһԭǺɫȫճŲһˮݣʱʱˮݰðȪۣγɽȪһ㡣
ľϸԷĴڣϰֳïʢӲݡ
Ӻ棡
濴ȻĪаĦȭƣոӱһֱҸտˮ²˺üΣǰβҿһʲô˵һЩӵһʶʦ֣ȡȥǲǱ
ԣ
棿
֮£ӣץһȪˮ֮£৵һ²סɫӣָһץ


476 Īаõһڰ

һɾʵΪһԽľץ벻ľһ
ʦ޷ŪΪҿԣ
Īаգסֱ֣µȪۣǰȻץסľʱȻľ΢΢ڴƶ
ӵȷԵʵ޷ʵƶ棬룺Ѫں潣Χն
Īаԥҧָ΢΢ˮľ벻ľƬ̼ͽѪ磬ʮѪ֮󣬿ʼȪ֮лζ
ݣ
ֳΧ룬ץ潣ɱһƬдСĸ˲նϡ

նҲζľϵһ벻ǰǿųڰ߲ԶĴ˲һȻΧƯʧŴҶӿʼƣգۼͳΪһſ
桢һ亹ֱƤã˲ű˴ӣٿȪۣǸɫľԾƯĪаԱߡ
Īаһ󣬲׳ץסӣֽкãȻǱӣôˣӿͨƽʵһر
ɵЦҲǲȵʺˣղǼ˶ΧתҲȴûзֺڹ
ǻԵˣ˵Ե޷ռеģԣԶѡˣΪʵǰҲδǻ
ٺ١
ͷ
ٴӣҲǰϸڹԭֹӲľʣһʯͷֻʣҲһǷȻƣڰһϢҲҲ
Ҿһľͷ֪ʦҲ֪ʲôڰУ֮һ㣬ʦ㿴Īаڰݸ档
˭֪ץסڰ󴫳ǲ֮ȻڰһأʯѣѺ֮⣬պúڰһͷʯһ
治˹Ѵľʹ󾪴ϲصĺڰʵץסﲻ⣬ڰûһȣͬɽѹϡÿ¡
ʦû°ɣӷһʱ俴ϵ֡
û£üָܻ
ˬһЦֺȻӺڰָŹӳһˣü㿴һһء֡
ȷи֣ʦֺ
ĪаæźڰȥȻһӵĵ֣Ȼץסڰδֻǵһڰʹʯ
ӺȻָһˡ
죡һԭһһ֣浹һڰһͷǵ֣һͷ֣ǡءѵڰֽأ˰֣ѵζšء
أҲϲͷ֮󣬺ڰľãյͷǺڰɣӺ˳ڣԺ뵽ȡ
ĶЦϲ˿ӵһۣһȥںϰɣӣ֮УʵǿһڰӵпֲһںͷϣҪҳࡣ
ٺ٣оû޼ǾԵ
ĪаǸˣֺǺһ֮㳯ʯݶȥ
ʣ濴ǿſٿȪۣһˮҲûʣ£ƾϢʧˡ
ɵ뵽Ǳ½ռ䣬ȡɫһ̣ռ䷢ر
ղĪаȡߺڰһ˲䣬ΪȪȪˮҲһж˵ǸڰĲ
صҲο֮жһ֣Ǵ¡
ó޼УҲʼһЩ½ԴƬںϣӵи羫
ԭҪ׼һ䣬̤䣬֪УۿͿﵽ۷ʱȻױĴִʯݿٷ
˸֮ǰѽġ
Ŷִ̤䣿ٶֲǼ׷ң
δˣѷʵ
ӣͻ䣬澪֮У־Ȼ
Ҷ˿ĪаٶȱϼѲࡣ
ЦʵӦǸڰĪϵ磬ӵкڰʵҲԽ龳ǳˡ
ʦ֣ںϺڰãͻ䣬о֮󻹻ͻƵġ벻Īадֳջĺڰûһ㲻֮
˽ãڰó֮⣬Ī˷ĲԼ鷳
ӹȻһ˼ϸˣ֣Ϊһ㣬ʵмִޡ


477 ߱
˲Ӻ뿪𽥱Ƭɭ
벻ϿգһȥʱʱһЩӰ˼æ߶汦׼ӦȿӰһȻһ߾ߺʬ壬Լϰͷ϶һͬһڡ
ȻǱ׻
ýҪ޼ЩʬӴԼĪô
ͷ̫޴󡭡һͷ𣿡
һƬײһͷʬ塣
벻ͷʬ峤ףƯں棬ϼһɨȷһͷ
ͷ֮䣬ŴǴ̣쳣Ӳȶﵽ汦̶ȣӦҲǺöʬ޼
ʶԵ׺Ạ֮̊́£ҲֻܳƬƬɱ
˾ͷӬںУѰҳ·Ժ龩Ƿ׺ͼѳʧȥô
ײײ֮ӭһƬ޾޼ʵķ籩򣬱ںϯ׹ưô꣬ҲһЩ֣ϴαֱС׼ס
ؾϴα꣬жЩɵʱնҿƬ籩ײʱʱһְˣﴳȥѡرܣȥȻʧڸ֮С
ĪаǸͨڰʦ˵ѽ׺꣬ȥ֪ᱻꡣ
á
Īа˹ϣͷҲʹͷ
Ƭȥͨ籩
ɲ籩֮У쫷绹ͦԵסμԦ潣ǰУ»ףҺײǴ֣·Ҳӿﵽʮɾˣʱʱ̴̿
ڵսľ£˲Ƭ籩벻һº󣬵Ǽһ
һ۵òУĲԦ潣Կ쫷磬ͿʼС
ͷߴ龪ˣѪҲҿԽ߶飬Ҽǵһմ飬õħγ֮ǴһЩطƣ֮Ҳ֮仯
뵽ջ鳡ʱһֱźߴʬ顣
֮УȻںһ߶޼֮󲻵һᣬһһЩѪѪ˿ʼӿ
Գ׺ʱڹ˺ɱͷûӵĺߴ顣
ץģزȻһȣԸоʲôιұۣһҧס飬˲û˽ȥ
򽡣
ˣ
Ϣ򽽫գ벻ڵزʮͷѪȼճѪ⡣
ֽһѪͷžȻ۾ѪԼѪӴ󲿷ֶǵħ̬øϸ
ѪѪȻǵħ̬ӳɱ֮ɱ䣬ʱϸ֮һгߣ·һ
㻯߻߱Ϊһҡ
ĬĬţȻϲٺ٣龫ȻħںϣԺٳ֮ħҿӦǡ߱䡯
߱䡣
յħӵ֮һ̣ھγȻ츳ǰǵħ߷״̬պߴʬ壬ѪԼزѪ߷ߡӦһɱ״̬
һħšߵȴҴڻһɫҲ紫˵֮У߱ﵽ㻯ӵ֮
мֵ⣬ֿʼպ߾Ѫ
ʱزضʮͷѪʼȼѪ𣬶Ҿ˲ɫҲͷŶһȦɫع
߾ѪȷԽѪѪ仯
Լºղٺ߾Ѫֻ֮زءžһ𵴣۾һһѪڵزȼա
һղѪ˿ʼɱΪһѪڵʯ䣬޷Ӧ֮ΪһͷѪ
زһ¾жʮͷѪ
ʵǿһ֡պ߾ѪѪҲ֮УڶѪԽմ죬ӵоѪ顣
ûãϢ࣬ʹӺ뿪籩
ȻһЩûбֲֿ״̬ҲȻսľһ׺ɱô˶ɥ
̣
ʲôʲô
˶׺ɱ֪ǰ籩һĵڰ̳֡
ʵŵòᣬΪ׳־ͻʧ˿ǴʱȻԱһ׳֣Ҳ̫ԵһֲѰ


478 㳱
˷ǳѽ⣬ǵգ·Ժ棬˺濿ʮӰ
ͻȻһӰðһɵҫ۹âɲǵһһľͷһ㡣
ԭŵͻأǿЩӰȻһͷͷסЩƺһĺ֡
˵һ亹ˣ鷳ˣ⡢ӦǴ˵֮еĺֱ׾
׾ֺ
Ҳֻ˵δ׾Ǻ龩ǰᵽ˵׺д֣һֺ־Ǳ׾һ磬ӴһͷųԽ龳ﵽ˵֮Ʈ졮ʵľ
ǵȷǴ˵ڵĴڣǱ½δͻ龳ʴûһڣϴǸӦþͷ
˵˵꣬źŴ˫ͫǾ벻
ѾǣԽ򡭡
벻ױ˿ֲ
һ䣬㱬Ĵһһţ߶潣ٴϷ쫷֮зȥ
̣
֪
һʮͷױ磬ÿһ綼жʮɣ̫Ӵ󣬵Խ֮ǲŰڶ壬ĳˣֲس׷ȥ
ˣ
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̣
˭֪һʱܣ쫷纣򣬲֪Ϊ˹ϵǺױԵʣͻȻΧָ硣
γһƬʱһͷƤ飬ΪΧȻƯϰͷױ
ԭƬ籩ױѨ
γױٶٴμӿ죡
۵糸Խ߿գ濴Χױʼ磬ҲŵĻŻš
ӣ
ϰױΧ׷һʱ˺󷽡Χˣγɸߴ˳ʹ˲òϷ
һֻһͷӳ졣
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Ϊӳױ׷ɱ
Ϣױ˦ں󷽣ʱ·棬ͻȻһƬ
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ͷױһоǣӡ
һ亹֮£˫ͫǾˣҲٶ

к·ϯ߿գƽ߿պ˺ֲ̫ˡ
˿һĻԽǴ߿ա
һǱкͻȻ飬ͷױȻڸ߿Ưţоһͷ

һͷױֻ޴ޱȣ꣬ǿ󣬿ڿ뿪档
̣
ױͻȻںһ磬һɰ׾׵磬ԳԽ汦Ӻһɨ
ٶڼӿ죬δУҲ˵Ȼױͷ磬Ҳ޷ǰ㣬ֻܽͷŰ⡣
ಣ
˾һĻ֣ױһڣ龳ٶȳ׷
һʱٶ˫͸Ų׾룬һǰһ쫷纣߿׷Ҹϡ
ױһͷոձѹı׼񣬽Ҫ˳Ե
쫷纣֮пһĻֻ𺳣˾޴ڸ߿һ磬˵ˣ½ʥҲмܡ
Һױ̫Ӵ󣬷󸺵ӰٶȣٶȱÿֲĻͱɱ
ȥƴڷ籩ͷױں׷ᣬķǳأֻ滹Щ˶Щ֧ѪҲ޷ôá
Ų֮У粻ͷͻȻʾ⼸ˣŶˣױٶˣ
ҷ׷ŤͷȥֻܿױһӰ·źһ뺣
һͳ׼ױӰӡ
һʧ׹뺣档
̾Ϣϲ亹ɵҩҲδӱױԼױ׷ɱһĻĻ֮л


479 ޹
ָǰȻױҲˣҲ̫أüǰҴϢ
ʱϢʱ򣬻δɳ籩£ҧǰȥ
Լһº󣬲ٶ뿪籩
ǰҲһЩ쫷磬꣬ȻǺ֡
ҽоͿʼѰҺٹȥºڷһЩʯ˳Žʯڷǰ棬ƯһЩ޴ʯ
ʯв٣һ齸ʯһǰ󣬶һܿһڣһȻϢ֮أ
ɣŻ泩Խٽʯж߽ʯϣͨһӦŽ붴ߡ
Ϊֻһͨߣ벻߷ǳҺڣҲһŨȳζ
ҽڲʮλãĪаͻȻĶмּɵ֪ΪһëëĸоǾϢ
ʲôطкҲױֺ޹֡
꣡
̣
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˱Ϊܽߴһӣ벻űը֮󣬽߲δ飬ֻһЩ
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ಣ
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⡭
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漱æ޷ƿ£Χ˲ûΣա
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һͷ£Ϣʱ䣬˺ݺ֮ϡ
ʹü໲ҽУȻԿԷӷ·֮£һһͷżΧǿԼΣա
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ѪŴ̱ȳѪǽһɶҺ壬ΧǸʣʲôУ˸ʯͷǸֲʬࡣ
ʬ֮кߣҲо裬Ҳ㣬һֻ̫޴ױ
о⴦ѪռֱһĹʲôУЩѪɫҺ壬ʬ塢ԼֲͿʼ̵γɸʴһЩҺ֮УٱʴƤ󲿷Ѫĺʬ塣
ˡˣ
һڶ
֣ΧѪǽϿһֱ۴ִľ֡
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ˡ
ʵӴɫ֮Уѿµ߰˰ˣǲԸϡ
ǰĬһվҲָһЩȫͷ֪Ѷ١
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ָ֮һЩٴͷŸӦ
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˵Ҳ޷һĻҪ֪жԵҶĿã֮ȻֻɱѪߡ


481 ż׹
ƣӴԣһ֪Ҳûаɣ
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˵ǻǼңٵ֪ʲôҵٳ֣ȻäĿֻǰװľ
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Ȼޣдֽ޼ٶȷ׹ܵţ֪ʲôط÷Ҳ޷顣


482 ׹
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484 һ۴ɱ
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487 Ѫս½ǿ
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494 ͨǧĺѩ
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497 ð
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Ҳһʿⱱ̳ǣһͨʿͬһڣ龳һʿ
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Է棬Ȼһںӡ
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ЩʯӵкܹϢǺʵƾþʯЩʯȻ֮
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500 ׹
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һᣬһپͱĪаԾʵ飬ڶҲӦʮס
֪һڴȺ粻ãϢӸٷ
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ǰӦ͸ȥڰ֮⣬ӦϢٷӶǳĪаġ
ಣ
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һ٣Ҳȥ᣿
˵ʿϣʲôأԶԸЩɱûġ
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ת۵ڶϢ֮ʿټԦ潣޼ɵͷһơ
۾Ϳïֺһ˿ϮΪ̫ˣ䡢֮䣬ҪɱǣҲô߶޼ںϹƣȻʵǶ֣
ಣ
ں֮󣬴ǰٶ


503 ѪѪ
˫Ѹͽӡ˾ҪǰʱͻȻǰƬïֺݺץȥ
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ۼϷֺͻȻһҶΪ촷ۣһͷʮɶľ޶ȻѹϷ
Ǳץ潣޶¡һ潣Ϸ˻׹أѪģȻܺܿ쿪ʼվͷһơ
䣡
ѰҶ֣ոջָһӦһꪷѸɱ˲δӦƱꪷУһαɡ
Ҫ֪ʩչ汦ҲƷȴǰƷꪣȫͬɽײĳ֮ɤ
ۣ
أ޷ڶʱ־Ϯһħͷɱꪣһͷ롣
龳ʬҪʧõʬ壬Īаͻƴٸף
ʬ壬һΧ߶޼ȼʬ壬Լں֮ǰһʬƳһѪĪа
Īаٵھŵ٣Ѫ֮ץڰһ˷ɱȥǵ䣬ڰŵȼհ׻˲䡣
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ǵʱɽƣҲ֮һҲʩչ汦һδμѴ٣ɡ
硢˵ϼ̣ҲĪаϣԶɽΧǱһδζɽ١
һʱ㽫ǰߵ׻⣡
ڰ˵ٽʱʮɭ֡Ⱥɽ·ѹ˹ȼսٻ׽֯Ĵ٣·ɽȡ
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һ磬ѩΪζɣ޼ڼȻⷽǰ޼йϵôǵڣҲΪ棡
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ץһ׻𣬰Ե飬֮󻹻Ϊ׻Ȼȼա
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ʱմѪ˿Ϊʮ˵ѪֱֺܿɱΪͷѪԼѪ
ٺ٣֮ǰʮѪʮͷѪ̤龳һ䣬زؾʮѪʮѪ
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ʮѪ


504 ϹӰ
Ѫɱ֮ΪѪѪɱ䣬ʱȫȼŸӷѪ
һȫ仯ȾѪڷҲ໥֮ڻ֮²ϷգԽԵ
һ޼֮ڿʼܣ·һӨʯɡ
ءزء˲Ҳڷܡᣬܿڲռ׷״ﵽ߰׾ˣ֮Ԫꡣ
һ̲ٳ֮Ԫ꣬Ԫ
Ϊɽ̫ʹ̫࣬泩δעԪ仯
֮УԪ꣬ԪһһģһԪ꣬Ưں֮УͷŷǳʵصԪΧƯŲٺһ
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ͬʱҲѪĪа硢ϼ̡˵С
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ǳȥִһЩϢ½ȥʼ½ʿԼҪʮֻ꣬г̴첻٣ڴֻдӣԼſܣûʵλʿһӶ޷ʶŵĲ
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ٹһ֮硢˵ϼҲͻһݣϾ뿪ŴǱ
֮뿪ʱԶ֮ǰֺҲҲ½
ʩչ潣Ϊ߶Уٶȳããʼ½ȥ

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ǰΧϹݵ׸֣һϹò;ͬľͷһ㡣
ǸҲǰһ˫üɫЦݣͷһһϹݣˣȻΪôһˣ


505 ѹ
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꣡
ȴ벻һʼҸ֣ոտϹһ֮ڣͻȻһɳ˲仯Ϊ촷ۡ
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ĪаڰʵػߣڣƴжһʱȻѾһͷͷյýڣǱˮҲС
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ڣڽţ޷УֻܷõҩںϷ½ԴԼоͨ
ֵȴҲᷦζԭҲһ֡
Ҳһ·ѪҺ㣬Ժ˽⣬ȻĻǲ֪ȥʼ½
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ϴչص䣬˶˽ҪҪ


507 վŮ
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󸣵ءԺԵŴ벻𸣵ҲУµ۹ŲϺţֻ۹֮һ𸣵ػ̫Զ
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ǵǵͻصõģŮӾҾں߱ϣϡ¿ǰ
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510 ǰʼ½
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ڲʮҺ壬򳬴һץʮҺӡ֮£ΪһƷëĺɫʯ

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516 쾭
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Աܴ̼ͬˣǰҾúɽ򸾾ͺĺűպɽŸǧԼǧ֪ģ
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533 ɱ
Լ򳬻ţæŲͷԪ빬֮С
ͻȻһ㤣򳬴Ƕȥʦʦ֣ƺһһ
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濿һ֮ʣȻһץıһɴ󶦰ľâ˲һ򳬱
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ѪۣһҲԶ治˿֪ͨǿߡ
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ѪһѪԪƬͳͳȼգҲһЩѪƬֲѪա

ͷ֮ûжȼѪ֮УȻһ
ÿֲɱͷ­ƻ״ȻԪͷţⲻ𣬿һЩԪƬпߣһ顣
ߣ˾ͺãһǧУΪǿ֣һʬжôӴлˣ
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㬶Цڲ̫Σգʣ֮ûϵǿУ࣬ٻȥ˻ˮ
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նɱ򳬶мָʱǰȻּϢ
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ٶȷһЩǰͻȻĵӰȻŵӣһаȫͬ
һ磬Ҳ̫⣬ȴҪ˵Լ߶쾭ȷݡ
׼˳ֲڶԷʹ̣˾緸˰ûɣҲòһ˿ء
оΧûŸ֣֣ɱ˳˳
ȷӵ쾭ϢϹ֤ĴŵŹˡ
Ҳһ̲δκƣ濴ʱʹ߶״̬ɲͬʱɱˡ
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һ˷ֵʬ壬پһʱ䣬ɭΧѰһܶǱɽ֮С
ΧǸӦҲֻͷյڴ֮С
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鿴ŵʬ壬ڱﵹǲ٣ʬôԼӴ
ϸϸӦʬ壬˲Ƥ֮£ȻѪ
һȣʿƤ֮ҲѪҲγһѪף޷Ѫ


534 ״δ
֮ѪȫѪ⣬øѪ֮һס
벻޵ӵѪϢԼ쳣䣬ںʬѪƳѪʱ㹻һʱ䡭
ʱȱԴ
򳬴þգòŻ󷨣Դḻʯ٣ƷƷмٴﵽµƷʯ
ƷʯƷʯʮֲϡ١
ƷʯͶ޼ȼգԸϴ߶޼ʯ⻹в龳ҩҩҲмţҪõԴҲǼΪףʱҲòҩ㹻
鿴һ̶ȣȻƾճ֡
潫ƷʵҩԼһЩ׷׽ɡ
ڼҲ֪Զһټ֮е꣬ҪԴܲɱ䡢ǿ
һȫ£Ժںϣòˣл磬ЩԴзǳôǰһֱռЩֻܰװ׿ţ߼ԴҪ½ػȡԣƵĴ߼ҩʳģЩؾƶɡ
ͨԴ
ԭ򣬲ŵ¶ɱʿΪľԴ
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һ࣬ʩչѪħ洫ؾΧƯһѪѪֻΪѪ˿ڡ
ħʿⷽơ
޼ҲȼգһЩѪżͷţϣżλ޼Ӷǿߣھ֮Ӧ
ϾԷһԽĴڣͨӦһ͸ϢȻĴڡ
ܷɹʮ겻ϵȴУԼûмġ
ȴԸһô
ҲͨڳһЩѪںʿľѪʼΪ龳鵤ںϡ
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ȽѪɣȻ硣
֮ѪͿʼȼգǿѪ˰Եԡ
ȫʼѪȼ˳ءزء˲ضǣѪڷ
֪ΪΪԭ˲֮кȻһЩϢ
״̬淢һЩ֮󣬲δҳԴͷ״̬֮£޷ſա
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һĻ·𱻶Ӷס
ɫɫϴڣĪϵ
Ǵ˵֮еԶޣӴǵĴڣֲ
Դӵõۣһֱ޷ƣֻһ˿˿ɳĮֻ֮ÿȡһɰ
Ϊзſ״ֶ̬
޼ΧΪҲһ·ɫ΢΢Ӧ
·֣ע⵽磬ܸӦһޣǳʵϢڲγɡ
һӦϢ޼ȼաǿй
ѵǼзӦ
󾪺䲻߿գ޼ΧԼգȥȻ졣
Ҳδ˿ѰйϢ·ش͸˲ɫиӦѪѪزÿһѪɫҲڴȼա
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ʱɫȻڲ춯ͷűǰϢҲץס
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һȷɫԼۣһ裬޼֮ȼյļɵùϽɫץС޼Ǽ֮С
ˣ
仯̫ˡ
֮ǰ˲ڣֻ΢΢ȻڻζӿϢ˲֮ࡣ
ʩչʱԽͶ޼üҾ
ԭ룬˲ܡ
ʬ룬Խһͳ롣


535 ӡ
濪ʼڵ徫Ϣһʱ֮벻Ư޼ϷۣӿϢȻΧΪһͼڣ֮ʣͼڻΪһޱȵͼڡ
һַƺͼγɣûκιϵֱԼۡ
޼״̬֮УĪͻȻб仯ֳͼڣΪԵʣ
֮ΧȻϷոӦһʵƮϢʮƮ죬治ǳڼ֮У޷Ӧ
سֵϢ޼ǿʢϱϢ
ⲻ֤ϢԼۡɫ仯ڽеļĪ
ֲ鿴޼ȻǾ棬ûһ˿
޼룬ȻǴ޼йؼ٣ԼɫۡǰΪ޼룬ôõļȻ޼Ȼ벻ͨ룬֤Ҳɲ
һ̣㵵ҡҡͷ
˫ͫĿޱȣͻȻطּ֮ܣ·һոйȡ
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ͷŸ޼Լȼš
һͬͷųϢϢںϣΪͼԽʵ
ˡ
ȴ֮ҲţǲҪ۶ͼEڣ֪زѪɫʮѪɫһͷͷʼѸѪ֮ζ
棬΢΢͸Ű̬ѪԼ֮⣬Ȼ·һͼڡ
Ӧڱ仯ֿ֮ϳֵͼڣٴĪʮѪͼڱ仯
ϸһͼڷ·һͬӡһĴڣƺһ·һֹӡǡ

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ҲʱۿͼڲڣĿδ׻عͼѷࡣ
˼֮ǰϷӡȻһͼವһںһ
ΧʥϢͼӡں֮꣬һȦȦ̷ɣͻȻ֮ǰӡǰ㣬ǰͬӡ档
⡢⡭ӡģ
ӡӡĥһӣҲ޷Ȼʱӡںϣܿ
ԶϷӡֻСָԪȥǾ޴ףӡ̺
Ԫȥһʣǽȴ֮һܿǧڣԪȴԿԶĿֲز
δüӡȻ޼Ϸ֮ǰжͻȻʱ۳־˱仯
ΧϢ·޼Ϊһڲͬ𣬻һĻ棬ڰɫϣȻۿʼٷգΪֲϰ롣
״̬£ִ֮гһ˿˿һ㾫⣬һƮ죬ֻôһ˿˿
ξںϲʱҲƴСһţǰɫۺ죬ͻȻΪһƬ촷ۡ
ʧˡ
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硭
ڲԶһ࣬ԴԼİ׹棬ӦҲʧĶ
ǳ̾ӵ˴ʥϢԶޣûһ˿ʥϢӵһЩﲻ˳̶ȣĪǴھڵõƬϵۣ
濴˿˿ʣ֪壿
ܵޣδҲǿͨУɱΪޣʴҵҲһЩҶ棬ﶼȥҲһЩĳЩֶܿ϶Ĵڣޣ׾޵޿ԷǳӦǰϢȻ٣ԱõɫҲ֮
֪ô࣡
ôϣ츳ǸӦԼܸӦܶѰĴڣ磬ɫǿϢҪǿ򱶣Ӧĳһǿߣնǰƶɣۼһֲ


536 ̤
ţһֱоҲ
ˣõ˻Ȼ龳Ϊɱ䣬һܵõˡ
ＤƸһ㡣
һģĸ˽ɫ
һץ벻ǳףͽ۾ģҵӦʱüӡžС
ںܴ󶯾ʼָƽƺʧҲʼƽϢ춯ٸӦ磬֮ûǹϢ
ʣɫʯһƯ޼֮ϡ
˲֮УΧһμͻȻб仯ʵһϵǼĳйصϢӡ
ûеõ޼йӵͻȻĻûʧþòƽ顣
ջԺֻҪֲим룬һ仯ڲʬյù룬ֵѰҴʬ롣
ˣ
Ķӡ仯
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ѵӡ֣ҲһҴһ۷
ڽҪ֪֮ǰһᣬһŴﵽһ̶ȣ״̬Ҳﲻ
ͻȻͻƣ
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ӭһһžž顢𵴣ʹ֮ʣóӵѪá
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ӭĴ飬ҲֶȫΪ״̬֮顣
ˣ
۷״̬ʱزʮ˵Ѫȼա
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ΪŲУԽԽ䣬ѪѪĵɱ䣬𽥶ӰֻҪѪɱ䣬δӵ޷
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ϾͷҲҪлʦ㣬һ⣡Ľԡ
ҾͲˣڲԶңƺܿҪϻصʱΧǣż븱ָ߲ڴˣǻһЩҪ¡
˵ͻص󷨡
̵ӣȥ硣
ȴڼ䣬ҲһֱͷԪĪаϵϣڶɭָϧһֱûзӦ
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ȴ죬ԲŹ
ĸ̡֣


537 ɻ
Ϊ̣Ųһ߶ȣһʽӡ
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ǰʱ΢磬Χֺ
棺εרŸµЧٲйܶ࣬õ±ӻҲõðִ񣬹븱ҪʽʽʱǵҪæ׼Щ̵ӱҪʹ񣡡
ʽʹ񣿡滹泤ʶˡ
ʽʽʵʣЩ̵ӣҪأʯҪ٣Ҳʮʯۣ˹ƻ;ʯЩͬͲǵֺø£´һͽᣡ
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ڴ󲿷ֵӣ£Լȵ¸ĸ߲㣬˭ǹһһ죬аҪΪţʱ϶ΪһȻŵʴ߲û̺ôԺңˮ̣
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˵ǲڶɭЩ棬ڼɱȥʧأȥЩҲ˲٣ʱȥɭ֣ԲаҪգҲˣʱӸù͵ֺáͽŸ֡
ƹȲ˽½ףʦȥѰѰ
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һ龳бǾʯʯҲ࣬ҲǸѵûᣬŻ㣬óһԺ¾͸ӷ㣬ϴεõЩ鵤ͻƵ䡣
ΪǸߣȶʱ볤һͨпӵϴᣬˣ
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컯ͷƣһ㣬Ҳɽ
һ򣬽óһӨӨɢͨĻ䣬ܿͬҺһò档
ܣˡɻݡһЩʬ壬ʬԼγɵƻָЧǳˣ컯ΪҲǳˣŸЧȥ׸İɡ
ⲻǧ̫ı
ɻݣ
ˮһǹһɻݵȷ


538 ɽ
ںҲ֮ϣѪʣ̶ָҲɻݣʴ˵رϡ䱦
ɻֻܷһΣѪԼڣʱʱܷ̿á
潫ɻպãɫһ裺˱ɱ˼㰵̷ڱϢҶ÷۾ܿʱ顣
Ұ֮һӣҲ˽˱ɥ
ȻҲԴȻ鵤ϺŵҩƶɣθϰٿţҲ׼ϴ赤һͬöͻơĪ
ƾ֮УڽгһƿʺΪı֮ѡܶ˲õϡ֮ǵϺñ֮Ҳֻ˷󲿷ָ߼ʧ
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䣬ҲͿӰӡ
֮УӰȥ١컯𺳣ٸӦһʵɭǱȥ
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ʣ´ʱ䣬ҾУʩչ޼룬˵ͻһ硭
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ĵҩǳȷʵҩܴӵҩ֮Уŵ뽭һ㡣
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ܳΪʦӣʵ˲ҲҪ뾡취ȫʵ
һɺݾ֮Ҳҩɡ
ȥ죬һһڰʱʱɴ
һǿ󷽶ɭ֣粻иʿٳܸⷽӦϢǲаŵϢ
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Ϣ֮󣬹Ȼ֮⣬һƣŴ̱Ѫȡ

һѪɫӰϷּǱԽ
漱æͷŸӦܸ˾ѪϢȥǲаҲϢ˵˲ŵӣˡ
ֵʮͬϢǿߣӶɭֿ׷
ղǸʿƴˣҪ˻ɱӦһǿߣڱȻвԴѪҰ̫󣡡
ٺ٣ã
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ͷŸӦӦ֮ǰǵѪӰټ
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˵
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ⷽسšаţһЩɽھǶһʵаţԼš
ɽڵڵħһšаŴ룬벻ɽڵӡ
ȴã˵磬ѰǼСľҲ֮ò֪
ľ֪ľǵ󺣴ر֮ľҵ·ص䣬Ǹ˸أ
ڶʮһСϿڣ˹Ҳ
ٸӦ֣ȷ޷ҵǴϿȣҾϳɱһǿ߻ǲѡ
潻Ƭ̣һһ
ֵһʱȷʮֳһѰȥʱһԾʧȥ
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ֱȼѪ״̬£ŸӦһ˿ѪԨ΢΢ʧ
ԾУ潫Ϣصõˮ©һ㿿Ͽ׽ѪΪӵд½ԴӦҲڼǸֲҷ֮УѪ΢΢ͷųԷִ˴ڡ
ץꪣѰǿƣںϵøӲһͻסһ˳ǳֲ
ף濴·ӰﵽʮϷ·ɱꪡ
ͬʸӶ۰£ͻͻһͬ޸ƣٵذɱȥ

գۼ䣬·ըȴһ֮


539 ľ
䣬ֱƣϿȿʼʼȫӿҲ㱻Ʒ
ϾǰƷ汦ľƣƺԷҲʩչ汦ƴȫһγɳԽʵơ
ݣ
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𵴺֮࣬ǰѪɱʱ޷ץסꪣʵҲԷһʱʧ⡭

ǰƴС׹棬ۿһ˫Ѫ־ԽԽͻȻһԾȥ
ۣ
Ѫɱǰߣȴͣ
ֻѪ˴ѪͬԭǻΪ߶汾壬һݺҧѪ˲ϡ
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Ѫ˫ͫ⣬Զδ뵽һͷϡ
涥·Ƴɱ潫Ǹͷ­£֪޾ȻҲѪ
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һֱΪûʲôһᣬ
뿪ƬȺɽܵ⣺ȷǿҲֻͨдﵽѿ־磬ܻûΣͨĿǰֻӵһЩ磬ݺܼ̣κ汦ҲҲϽ
ԭˣѿǻΣһ뾡취õ챦
ԽˣҲǴ¡
ŷǧ֮⣬Ѱһ֣󷨣Ȳǿߴա
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Դ֮Уһųɫͷȼһ⡣
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ص䣬òҵڻľܡ
ԭľ뺣ľһ֮Ϊľֻͬеľںγɺľеľڴ½ӵһȼʮȼա
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뾡취õΪľǻصֲľ磬ŵһٶԼֲľһЩִ
ӹӱǸɽׯҲֲľһʿȥһƶ٣ԭŻľмֵص仹ţľҲо޴
·ˣľô̫ԣһӵдľʱΪһԸƶ
صԻľ˽߰˰ˡ
֮ǰԽ鱦ɻһȣľֻһЩߣʿûжӰ죬ɻݿ԰ʿָƣǿ
Ա֮󣬻ľҪǿɻڸʿ缦ʳ֮ζǶڴԣľǾ
񵽱ˣ
ľ봢䣬ֱ޼ΪգرǷ޼ڣ޼Ǿ
ֽʬͬ޼Դ鿴ɽڲǶһӴڱڶ࣬ƷʯʮԼƷʯصҲв١
һҩϴæԴֲΪޣҪԴпܴﵽѿǻֵز
潫һЩҩĶ档
潫Դڷ·Ҳǳ嫣ܴزԴʱʱ̿С
һʱ֮󣬴޼ʬٸ߼Ѫһڻصаš


540 ױȡ
лˣѪºܿӭ٣
壡
һ£ǸһЩѪڳЩѪиͻƴ١
Ϣڶ죬Գ¥
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潫ڸ󣺡ʦ֪Ƿɽڣ
ʼ½һȴ˭֪£Żһ֣ڵűɽҲȥɽΪΣ
ڵħڲöԶǿߣԼʼ½ʿҾͲٽȥΪһˣɽʮɱΪһٺ٣˵Ҳãü˽֮ȡ߱
뾡취õɻżȻ
ȻԶԴţ鱦
ɻݲţӼܿȥ
ԭΪŮ潫ɻ׸ģɵȼ֮ȥԣŸӦϾȻɻϢ
ȻǴŮڱһƽɻݽģʵԼ˽̡
Դ޶ã֪ҲóܾԴȸģ֪ôɻݾͲôҪˡ
Դ棬һŮ̵뿪壬Խƹ
ǰȻһƬµȺɽɭ֣ԭղаźɽڲֲɱʱŸⱣⷽȻҪΪһƬ
ɽҲеѰҵԽȥġ
ԴȻҲ֪븵ҪеʽϢ׾һ˽롣
ɽʱ벻ǿѳֲһɽ壬ֲŸ滨ҲеѲߡ
ЩӴ̤аţ￴ҲֲвΣÿҲҪϽһﲻҪҲܵͷ
źɽ֮ǧֵӣΪҲ龳Ϊ۽ǣֲҲ򵥡
Ҫʳȥ峿ɼ¶ҲҪȥ˸ֲʮꡢϰܿӳĶһĶأũһɽ
ոҲţҪץסʱÿʱͬʱժҲһѲɼʱǾͳΪѰ
һףҪӡ
ʵ޼ھͼʶˣ½ӲһҪֵӣЩûǿʵΪĵӣһŶԣҲҪһ֡
ӺɽһЩӿе֪ЩֲͨΪʦʦĵӣλһЩĵӻҪҪ
һǴ۽磬Ҳ˽½档
Լںɽꡣ
ʱڣŮҲ峿ɼΪеӣÿ糿ռ¶
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ʱ䵹ҲʱʽҪ֣Ҿ취Ϊ´ЧҲ㣡
һҹ¸ﶼǹ
ɽǰһЩ龳ҩ´ʹ͵ӡ
ܿΪЧĻҲﵽĿġ
ʲôһʧƵӣͬϷʦϣҲǸͬʱΪµĸԭ
Ҳʱʱɽ죬֪Ҳ½ӡӡ
Ҳɼ󲿷ֶӼ٣ǲɼһЩвֲҪӵһЩƹ֮УҲҪ
Щߵķǳֵ֪Ϣаѱɳĵϸƿأ㵱һЩϣҲûȨȥ
һھͿⷽһУҩǵŴ˾پǲòаκ¡ǿܣҪνԼС
һҵ취½ԴɽƳɷ˿Ҫڲа֪ʶ²ס
Ϊͷۣ֮ǰʶǵǧػɽĲ뽫½ԴƳһⷨ
ϧ֮һĪ⣬ûǧ裬ǲܶȥһ
ֻвռ֪ʶȴûѧʽۻ顣
ӡӾ˼죬Ծͷ̵׼뿪
ʱһɽ壬Ϸм


541 ʽ
ʲôҪʣ֮ǰ¾Ͱ֪ᣬҪ뿪֮ǰɽ߲һЩô
Բ²죬һʱһ߶Զ
һҲû˵㽫԰óĴ£ĬĬص
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ص壬ԵһʱϢǿСһȥƹȡ
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ϴǸ˹ųһ飬ͬʱռִ飬һչ
ջص¥ƾճ֣óŴ飬ʱ㵸ҿǴƷл磬ԴԴϸ߼ʿѪԼգɱҲԽԽпܡ
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һǵʽ磬벻̵ӿʼ׼Һ
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ȼĵĸ߲㡢Ҳ˲٣ûЩ˾ùϵ

ǵǻա
ʦҲǵаʮ֮һΪͨƳϡ
ͨƳϣͿǸ
ԼѮ䣬ݵͷܸߣ·ǳͦƣȴһͷ磬ϱһôֲõıǺε潣һϱȻ컯ΪôϾͲ潣ǴﵽƷʵľɽ
˵һӡͲǸ֣̬壬죬κεǰһЦݣ̫гǸ
ͨƳϣ벻ֶ˼Ծ
ԭͨƳϴʮŵӡ
ЩŵӸƵ壬аŶǺΪĵӣȳһ
иŸ֣ȻͨƳƽƽ
֮࣬Դ
֪С濥źĵӣҲһΪﵽ컯ľͷ
˴ͷʲôͷҲ˵壬ڲаȨͨ죬ͨƳȻƽƽ
ϸ濥ҲʮͷͬΪ컯ǮἸ֡
ͨƳͬʵһٴ˹ӭӣ븵ĸǽϷ
ڳȻֹͨƳϡ濥컯Χм컯ͷǶķ棬͸˲Խȡ
һǵһμŸ֡
벻̵æŸΧƣаţһںϵ֮ⷽС


542 ǻ
ʽʵҲûжิӣǰͷأͨƳϵӴ븵ľǵ¹ϵ
ʽеڶ峿˷;һ뿪æͱһĵӡ
Ȼ󲿷˶ȥ󣬴ڲ̵ӿʼæµʰϷͨƳ濥Ȼ·˵ʲôϧ治⿿
ȥ֮븵Ҳ˿Ƕ־ͷǰҲǻֲ̿
Ϊγ濥뿪
æĲ࣬ԴǱ𣬵õ´µĺôֶһ䡣
Ե±ϾͨƳյӣ˵ЩҲΪ棬һȷϢаżΪţȻŸ߲аš
ûʲôмֵ鱨Ҳʲô¡
ص¥󣬼ʼУܿͱȥɽһɽ١
ڰԹͨҲ¸֪ģͨתʮ鵤
ܳΪӣҲ½һһʵλʿŴҲһġ
һ꣬ͳɹɽ٣ڼҲваŸڰаѹأϾڵɽ٣ΪҲҪӻӡ
֪к͵ֶΣɽٲд⣬ʱҲڲУһܱױӡ΢΢߶ͷѪ
ֹȥһʱ䣬ӵͻȻһ
аټӣԤʾд·ľʱѾۼǧӡ
һ£븵ķǰһЩ۵ӣǧŶ˷
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ʮϣʮСϡ
ӻĺ죬һҲǲаŵӵ˼䡣
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ͨȻ컯ʱǱ½ʱǰͨĳҲ·һʥ·
ǵһӣͨǻ֮ʵƲ̫࣬ͨǹȻϢԼĿ⣬ǻն֮
ʦյĵӣһһȾýѾǳǻҲ򵥣ʵԸоȽҪһ֣Ϊӣ˾ȻԼʦ֣ʦ棬עδú潫ǻտУӰҲ۵ס
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ǻڳӪ˳
һɨ·ʮӣ׶ХټŴ󲿷ֵӣҪ쿪ʼžͲǲаţš

ٵΪ֮Եš
ԭʮǰžҪţôһֱȥǴӽ쿪ʼͲǲаŴϣдСҲһΪųϣ߲ʱ䡣
ƣǻշ·ںǰеӣ󣬷·ֻһ˴ڡ
ת߿󷨣Ǵϲ֮գǬϡ˰䲼
һ˵ֿ꣬Ϸ󷨡
Ȼ䣬ﰲվһʯӣͻȻ뵴һȦȦƣǿǿռӿ
˵Ǹ߿Լжôǿ
βһˣܿһӰΪ濥ˣ·˾òİ
Լϰŵӳ֮󣬺ֳŵӣΪһѮߣеģ΢΢һЩ˸оһѰˡ


543 
Ѱ
ȻǻտеǬϡ
ʱ˿ŲǧӣȻӣǶƵ£·ƬصϾֲ̫
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Ǭǻմ£ǰմ϶ʱͷ·ƶʱĻһѹʮġ
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ÿ˶ǰĲ亹߬ţ·Ǭǰš
ŴӣҲȴӣⷽ쿪ʼΪ죬ǶŵӣԺϹ𡢵۶˶ͬϷŵÿ˶ܵŹƽԴϣڼӿޣʵųΪһδлһͳ򡣡
Ǭ΢΢Ц˵ѰǹɿֲȻѹͷ֮ϣֿǻգǻʦܽŴϣλһԺȻɽʦܾһ
ӲṼڴǻյ
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ǻս֮󣬲ζŴϣһ̿ʼһɽаţҲʧΪš
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ǻսԴݷʩŶһӣҲĺ
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һֱûлӦԽΪȻܸӦ
δϢ죬Ծȥ
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ո¹ƶɣΧæ
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ڼͨӵǶ֮УȻȶãõǰȥ幬ᡣ
ʱһ벻һЩŵڳû濥ȵƻҪԵһ֡
ԭټеӹҪвԣȻһЩһЩʲĵӡ
ܿӹ
Թ֪ͨҪʮӣ²ʣƺҪһδɸѡڵŸؽٵȻҪʼƿеӡ
Ҫǰˮ㣬ǲˣûЩӣ𽥻Ÿ̭ȥ
ֲֵҲΣ
ĸ棬ͨԣӶǴȥһжһֵ֧Եʡ
ŴٶղаȨȻһС
ڳﱸǰüӶԴû˿ע÷ǳʣǵһμ½˽вԵʡ
ǼһؽһأЩ֣ڲͬеķ̺е̺Ϣе̺ԪϢ
һ룬·һһɸߣ·߲ʯɵͨصŵ֪
Ϊʯ
ʯã
صϽܵúⶫʿӵͬϢʯɸְϾɣڲ̺ϢϢ
ʯҲܲžͷƵʯ֮УǧؾʿʯӦʯʿǿ̶ȳӦϢ


544 ɹ
žͷʯڶ꣬ںؾҲоͷС򣬶ȷһʿδɾͣԳʿ̶ȡ
϶УںϵһԵزΪģ·һ߽ϴһĳЩʱҲ֮Ϊ
ڣΪʲôãʿһﵽ龳ýӡ˲ͷͨǿ߲žеһ
֮Կʼǧųһֱߣǰ˿ʼڶжλá
һȴ£Ȼ뷨˵ղ԰иңһʱֲʣͿȥŵĺĵУһᣬһֱĪȤʱҪȫ߶ϣҶܵõſС
Цȥٺ٣ӵǰ㣬־Ѫ뵤ҩϵĲֶΡ
Ǿ㣬ҽҪ󶼷ǳ֮ߣ𣬲аǾ𣡡ϸϸڼƻš
Լ죬ֵһһǿǰҲżǰ·
水ָʾȥֱֵݸġ
븵֮󣬸ĶΧŸֽܣ棬Ŷʮأ󹦷ڵ죡
ÿҪӢ
һŸֲ鿴󣬵ǶһӲ̫ȤǸӣ棬Ŀꣿŵոս죬Ҫв־֮
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ֳźĵӣ˹ȻţæŽͣ
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һɵʯӿڣ⣬ʼһ㣬ԽԽҫۣ֮ںܿ춼˸
һβۣҲֻκ뿪
Ͽռﵽ̶ȣ̺µȡеȡϵȣﵽʳ̶ȡ
֮ǰǵϤ𣺡棬Ϊϵȡ
ãΪֽ֮кá
ϷһŸ߲ʵȻϵʣԼһأȻ֪ʶһ˽⣬һ𣡡
Ӷյһ̶ȣ
˵һӣ˫۾ڴ߶쾭캣ǾŴϣڱ֮״̬
ٽӡ֮ʮָһץΧȼճɶྪ
ǻ״̬ƣ𣬶ҺѸȼա
治Ŷʮأ˳ɾͣҲЦ绨


545 ر
㽫߶ȣϵȣãѳɹͨԣΪӡźĵӵ޵
ֽ湬ȥıġ
һһղаŸʾ£ȥ󷽣ʽĵӣһʽݸߵĶࡣ
硣
Ҳͨԣ֮߳۵ſڵϣҲϵȣһ⣬벻Ҳ˳ƾϵʼ
ֹ죬ԼͻȻӸĺ󷽰дϲϲȻ˲ʣܴӶɭλʵ
Ҳǿ޶ŬǾڻңҾȻҲҪֺ¡һˮھ˵̬ȣԴл
Խ֮湬ֶ֣
һʮڹٿ磬Щ˶ͨԣеϵȵĵӡ
桢絹ǳϱϵʵӾôΪ˶ԼޣüڸԵУ嶪
ЩҲֺ֪áͽΪΣ
гϣҲпɽýƣɽȥ
ص¥֮úþ۾ۣԷȥҲᾡѧ֪һҲڰ
峿һ뿪壬գȻܼŸ־Ȼ߶һޱڴ֮Ͽٸɭ֡
Ҳ֪Ǻεͨľϵͨϻľٽֲ÷ɭ֡
ղаŵʱʱ̶̿ڷ仯;ηֿܿǰвɽ壬޷֮
Ǿ֮Ϊر졯
ÿһһ죬ҲŽأŵǷҲƵر죬Ȼر죬ǴǨƶ
֮⣬߶ƵӰ֣һʮˣǺ˶湬֮˴
ڲ棬Ӿˣڸֳ֮ϢܿȺɽ֮Уŷ޷忴һ𣬵ʵʮңǰ㣬ȴߴס
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һٶʵʵڱǰȴţһǸո½ӡ
ҲŶӵȴͬʱǰ㱦ȻýǰȴԶһ㣬ұΧƯòӦ֣㱦ϢһģЩ㱦ͷų󷨣ơ
ȻǱͨ
һ
һȾ죬ƺر߲ҪҲǸŭԡ
һƬڳƵµӣĲˡ
ĿⱻǰʮмԼߣ
һ˻ǳԽĴڣδʩչƣ֮ӵг֮ƣǾ֤ΪԽˡ
һ컯Ȼ޷߲㡣
ʮƽһŹеģ΢΢ԵһЩݣȧͻ˫һƣӦϢ֮ǹǲа֡
ٵ㳡ǰϵһɨˣӭر죬رһ쳤ϣƳ磡
ݼϣ
ϰ½ӹߺ
رղаںϣǰǵһ죬Ҳһϵǳʦ֣֮Ϊ
ռ䣬˲ز࣬Ϊ졢졢죬ڲռӵмռ䡢󷨣㹻ǧڲѧϰо֮
ȳر죬ҪһʱϤڹ棬ȻĶصԼĵã˭մ֪ʶͿͨԣ쿪ʼӴҪĻϣĥּϣһЩʵȵȣȵǿʶֲʣԼԶõز̤ƷǿƳһʱͿԽڶѧϰƸ߼


546 
֮һļ֮·ҪģһŬ߿Ҫ꣬ͨҪʱ䣬ǳǧ꣬رΧǾ̤̤ʵʵĥ֮һŻߣδȥ̳õʦ
Ҫ˵ľЩµӣһҪǰš
˺Ƴһ˻ᣬرһЩѰҪ
֮żתȥ
ʣ´󲿷ҲŻص㱦
ʱһǰֻʮˣֱڵȴӺ
һĿڶΪмڸо쾭Ⱦ֡
һǹϢǺһղаŵӣҲƽһЩ˶ʮӣʶǷ֮һЩ׷˿
ڶԱ˽ܣλţʦ֣÷īǶǵ£һر죬ֻǸ߲㣬滹вʦ֣Ƕ˻ḺȴССһЩ¡
÷ʦܣһе£һΪˣ벻һᣬǸŵȻһȻȥ
ôƢԣƾԼţӦʵۣһ㵣氵Ц
˵ʵ뿪ЩϾ̳УЩаŵкӹ
÷īǲаŵӣӦûӺദ
Ȼϣ÷īƢҲǳĽܵһر췽棬ȻʮӴһٶ˷塣
һٶ˺ܿΧɽѡ¥÷īδԤˣһʱӦ
ոµģһȾҲ棬Ҳһӳһ㣬潫ⷽԼһ֣
һɽ壬һƧ֮ѡ¥
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һº󣬹ж
÷īٻˣ嶴ǰڵȴʽһţžʮɸߣҴŻػɼŶرӳ̶ȡ
һڲо࣬ռȷˣڲ벻ҲСˮԼٶȵȣӦ͸ȥܲǷռ䣬һϵֹӦ͸
ʱһ޴ǰǷһؼһЩˣƯһЩ򡢷оȵȡ
÷īܣЩšаµĵãЩǱصмֵ
ڼڴһڲʱҲ÷ī˹ϵҲ̫ãǺЩӣҲֳԿó󲿷ֵӶԸ
һ仰һ⶯ȥ²˼뷨
ĵӣӣ涼ѹ÷īһǺ統ΣƿأһһղаŸ򣬵廹ÿɫܼ棬رҲһ
ֻһԭԵκˣǲܵĵӣһͨӡ
ۻһҲһ󲿷ֹ飬ڰ·һʽȥ÷īҲȻȥϢѡ鿴ص䡣
ЩĵãʱûʸȥĶҪ÷īͬ⡣
һҲм½Ķص䣬ֹһ˶Ȥ
ӣһ麣࣬ǳһص¼֪ʶ
ŷǰõЩص䣬Ǻռ֪ʶ󲿷ʿ֪һڲص䶼ֱӽйص֪ʶֻϣԼСƿء
һЩص䣬Ⱥ˵ĻҪ򱶣ǸϣͲ֡
Ҫٲϣ
صڼ¼÷ǳϸҲ濪ʼӴټ硣
ҪΪĴ࣬ؽ𡢵ؽ֮ˮĵر
ؽʲô
ؽǴ֮²еĸ־ʯʯʯʯȵȣ֮㣬Լֲͬؽ֮
ϴԴԵ£߶ԣ֮ƽһ󣬳֮Ϊؽ


547 
Ȼؽ֮ˮһЩˮˮɻȡһ֣ڷֵ֮ؽںϣҪˮʱ򣬻ǹ֮УҲʱʱҪˮݡ
ؽ֮ˮڴȪһֵؽ֮ˮ̫ͨרʿȥ½Ԩɼؽ֮ˮǷǳ󣬶֮Щˮȱ
ʿҪգȻлľȻʿƿشﵽһʿ֮ϵĳ̶ȡ
һĵر
ĵرһЩ½Դڴ½µɣĵر
־ÿߣĴڡ
ɸΪ֮
ûʲϣ֮ٸƳҲǵͼӵĵرķȻҲع屦
ؽ
ؽ֮ˮ

ĵر
֮䣬ֻƵؽʣκһֶҪǵ߰˰ˣʱŻڶʱƴ֡
º뿪һ죬¥ն֪ʶԺǸֲ̬
治ϳһ죬ͬʱҲڶͨѡ½ӣҲؾ죬õ÷īµѵ⡣

һһ磬Աһ
÷ī¹һճ
ȴһᣬݼ÷ī
һ꣬ˣ÷ī⣬Ϊһʮֻɡ
ȴһᣬ뼸
벻򵥿˲ԣҪһͬʵ֮УҲѿ÷īԸǰλŵһЩҲ㹫Ȼĵӡ
ԼӼ֤£ַ⣬涼ֵؽ֡;˵һֲ
벻һκ˴ڵҲΪͣ˳ͨԣΪһ½֮Уһ̤
͵õµӿӡʽȥ죬ʶЩʵĲʡ
Ȳ̤һ죬ڴҲһţù߶һ硣
죬ҲǶڶռ䡣
һûʲôֱֻǹÿһڲĲʣеһɶСɽǰеϸɳһеͬӣеҺһ
ǵһμ˶ĵؽǸֱʯʯʯʯֻ֡
ҲʮʽоֲʣҲû˿ܣֻиѲߵʱʱ֡
濪ʼһĿֵؽʣһ쿴ص֪ʶ׾ֱֲܷʵΪֻ䣬ԪѴﵽǳ˸߶ȡ
ʱΪϵȣʵѹڲԳһɼӡôʾͲϵȥݡ
̤龳Ԫѷɱ䣬ϲ⣬Ӧȷ涼ǼΪֲģֻ֮óԽȥݡ
ڼҲһЩʶĲʣҪصһ·ص䡣
һ½֮УȻûһ̤졣
ȥһ÷ī٣صϢ
صһ¾ȥݼģһЩôͨԣнġ
֮ǰ˵رַǳɫͨѽУ֣ԺΪʦҲй⣡
Զ͡
ʱּ벻ŮӾҲ˫޹ϵŮӶͬС檣ӹıȻʵۻ
徭Ȼûʲô仯һٶ½ӣЩ˿ɶϸѡľӢյҲĳ
¶رʮֹעһһܱ֪رˣҲõ°дкԺӺùˣ
ֵǳĽ
Ҳ֪ţڴյӣԵҪǳϸ񣬹궼յΪ
ŵҲڲؽ֮УΪܴϢָٺô
ѳɸĸϵͱΪС檡
ºָϻر죬Ӵÿһֲʡ
رһ죬汾Ҫȥ֪ͻȻʼԿơ
ӦҪͻˡ
¥ʼȫ۷壬һ޼
ͣ
һͬһɽתǾ˿ֲϯȫо̷鵤õҩ֮顣


548 ̨ɱ
鵤ʹʧһ֣Ҳһơ
ȻǴ󲿷ֶ飬һʱ䣬Ϳʼӭ֮ոչãزؾʮ˵Ѫ⣬Ѫ֮ȼն
գδ˿⣬ܿͻΪѪɫԼѪ
زѪʱӵаʮѪһһʮѪȫٶѪɱΪͻѪ״̬
ȻѪڲʲôȥǿ䣬侳磬Ѿ龳ֲﵽǰ߶ȡ
֮󣬵Ӧȫ֮ǰɱһҪ֮࣬ӡƮ죬ϸǾ÷ǳΧҲ΢΢ְѪɫ̬
˲ؿռ󣬴洢Ϊ嫣Ҳһ䣬ռٳռﵽŰҡ
ԪԪʵ߶ȥһϿԻɱκ龳ǿԪ
ѪˣƤ㶼ӵһЩ̶ֳֻܴﵽȥҴﵽΪѪܴﵽָ߶ȣ
ƤĤ֮䣬һЩѪѾǳˣ龳ʿ
ҵѪǳǿ󣬿չʿ޷ͷѪȻˡ
ѪֶΣʩչƻױȡ
һʱ䣬ֻص˽ֲʡ
簵н졯ҲһҡֱϣΪ½֮еһˣΪҲڲͻơ
ȥ¡֣֪һ޽֣
Ǹս£컯ĴڣȻʣö߲Ӷȥˣ
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һ칬ڲ鿴һʯ֪ٵ뿪ս
£
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ԼһԼʮﾪ˵ķ棬ɽ˺Χӳ
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Կе֪ԡԪ桯ֵ¶ˣֵĵ²١
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ʱ󸲸ʮڲԪҰ֮С
һһߣһһˡ
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󷽱ԵһЩʿȻȺһӶⳡע
Լգƺ˾ռߣкộˣʱǷƺûᣬ£Ǹǵ豣ḱΪԬ࣬ǷǳΪ
֮ʣΪ֣Ϊﵽ䣬ӵ컯ǵͨʵԬ䣬˶ղаźĵӣ컯ʵҲȥ
豣
Ԭ࣡
֮ͷͻȻмǲаźģȻΪһ£ڴಫϧ̫ϧֵӾǵ²аܵĶ޼Ԫֵкβͬ
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һĻɷԱеӡ
ҲһѴˣΪԣ׷벻֮£׽
ҿѡԬ࣬ҪͨһӦȻϸעԬࡣ
ģǲҲԣΪҲˣǸɫӣʵαȵ豣濴
ԾڴˣǸоɣԬԺϣҲҪ
˵Ǽߺȵĵӹ⼸˶Ҳƹȳû
ڵڽעȻи׬Ǯ߾ĻЩ߲㡣
òԬ࣬ԳĬһᣬػѡ象


549 ʮ
죬ᱲʿ·춷˶ҪԼǶʱ˺ڣ뿪
·оͷʶ򣬷Ƶ֮
óԪԵӦһ컯֡
Լκ֮Ŀ֮£象Ԭûһ˿Ӿ˵ʮ档

ǧ֮⣡
ͻȻը죬װӿʣǧ֮龳ɫ龳ӻΪֿ治ʱʶ˶ڿ°ĭ
ڶʱϵâԼһý֣Ԭһڳա
汦ɱһ𣬺ָһһץȥ춼ǽâ໥ɱɱȥ
ڲʮ棬ʱ֮£Ϊһ˳ϸʮռ䡣
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ǿ汦֣ʵǿٱʱĪаǵΪʵܽ޼߷߶ȣ֣Ȼ޼һ
ʴˣһ޼ƣŻ׸߿ա
Ԭཻ֣ǧ֮⣬ָ󷨣龳ӿ̫ϸΨһֱעţǲ֪ڲֵֽĿֲ
ûǵʮռ䣬ֽ֮ᲨԶʮ֮ڸӻΪһƬš
ӵвӦҲиӦڲǿ߿֮ǿ߽λµӡ
˽޵Ҳǳ񣬽ںϵ֮ڣȻʮڲΪϯ󣡡
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֮ھȻȼվ޴󽣻𡢵𣬲Ϸ·棬ԭǷɱĽʣһθǡգڲһƬ졣
Խ̫࣬ƿؾ̶ȣҲﵽˣֻΪ̫ˡ
ּͻȻɱɳƣһһﵱȼ֮УǾɱžžžײ飬Χڲ
ʩչɳɱɲͬ໥߽ͬɱһ㣬ɱǺ¡¡
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Ħѧϰһξѻᡣ
ͷӽʩչ쾡£һɳɱκκۼգһǵعӡѹɽ˳
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һʿʩչƣ罣ͨӿȻٷƣ̿ԿơۼƵȵȡ
ͷأ
ֻһץʱȴӡѹͨ
Ϊܴﵽͨ߶ȣԽʿ
ԪǿӲǶУաǰͨʩչɲںϣһƬȻϢΪջΪͨ
˳̶ͨʿȻʿҲֻ̾
ʱ֮ڣϹӡѷֲ豻Ԭ๥ƣΧҲס
ɫʯǹƣɵ֮ԱǣʵΪβȥԸţñаɱСƴʱΧĸ֣˵һ֣޲ղаŵɱɱȥɣ
ۣ
֪𵴻ƣͻȻ䱻һҫ۵â
һѪը֮Ѫ֮һͷ­Ԫ象
ʬ潣ڴ߶ƣȻĿ
һƳױԬϴźüˣشʬȻָһʬΧ
ʬ崢䡢𶼱ԬȡԪ桢һõԴ潣һ̳ΪԬ֮
һԶʱĥĥᴽޣ㡢Ϊܿ϶Ԭʤ
ȴƵӦǲµģо仰˵ĺôɽв˳һ˻ˣǶʱˣѵûĳԽЩǿߣ


550 ĵر
ߡԺòû취⣬ңƷʯ
ãҴ׬һʣҴƹûؾʯʦȥ漱æҸʧ¡
ȥƹȻȡʮƷʯָϻر졣
ȻΪﵽ䣬Ǵһ㣬ֻ΢΢Щۺ񣬵ԬͬҲڽѪܳ豣ԽҲԽ棬Ԭ˲򵥣Ȼʤߣ
ص¥Ժڻɱ
ζԹһ٣ѪʣϢȷ濴Էжǿ
һʿδɾжߣʴԬ԰ǿߡ
Ҫøǿر죬ֻҳν½ԴΪͬʱҲҪΪǿߣſҵĲص
ж̫ջ
һʱ䣬ֻصרиʡ
Ҳ˶漸аšŵʽӡ
ҲԼ͵رһξޣϻȡ֪ʶҲڰвǿȡ̤
ջۿޣǿѪʵ𽥱ƽ۷塣
½رǰǰս½ӣĿǰֻһ̤졣
ڣ
治Ͻġĸֵؽʼīµӣʱʱ顣
Ҳûһӣ˽½ؽʴߣΪÿһ鶼ӡǣ붴
Ҳ֪жô
ʦ֣֮һڲռأǧɣڲκʡص䶼Ϣںϣʴһ˴ڲһҳ뿪Իᱻ߷֡
ԭ˫ͷڵõЩʣÿһؽ𣬼ֵҲһһƷܣˣȫԹһﵽ۷Ŀܣ
һǽȥ¥붴ȥȥ
մ֪ʶһһص䣬ֿϤؽʣɵúڵϹ
˫ͷЩʣ󲿷ֶ֮
أҪȥѰұǳףкǳʱǱҲǳѡ
ʴκ֮½Ǳ
磬Īż󲿷ֶǺԺǱȻлȥʱҸҵ񣡡ڣʱʱ߶䣬ͻȻԵü
ֻǸ̾ǰǸУٱȴȷڣõʣҲδԽʿĴڡ
ҵһֹڴ½Դ֪ʶ
иʣҲһЩص䣬¼ټޱߵĵر
ľǴ½Դÿһİص䣬Ժ뵽ĵһ¾Ǵ½Դ
ĵر¼ص䣬Ҳһ֮أҲһʿյš
½Դټ磬֪ʿࡣ
һӣԼһ֮ںص䣺õϢҲֻ֪࣬½Դش½꣬ƾ²γɣҲκһ½γɴ½Դ½ԴƾʯʯͨһЩȡ˳Ϊ½Դ½ԴƳķ̺ѷֱͨ½ԴƳϵ潣ͨϵ潣ͷֻܴﵽһ½ԴԸǲࡣ
κһںһ½ԴƷʻᷢ췭ظ仯½֮УҲûд̺½Դķϧص䡢ĵã̳Ϊźĵӣȥ̳лһ˽½Դ
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Ѱ龳ʿؿռ䣬ҲͶңغǧס
ԪһͬʩչѹÿҪεӷҲҪը

ʵֻ쾭ķ߶ȫԼͨԪ֧֡
߶־ʵ״̬
ʱƷκζϢԪ񣬶ܱƿ߲ʩչκβͬԼϢȻע


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ֻҪ߶쾭һֱ״̬ƿ߾Ͳģ쾭Ƴķܹء
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Ԫڴģһ˶޷סֻʱԪ񣬷ӡ¯ڲƣ֮ǰĽƣʧȥƣʧ
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ƳķûнƣڲϢͷųâҲǳ


558 彣
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559 
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564 
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˵һǿߣ˳ơǵʼ½ǿߡ
ϸϸһǳߣͼڡߡƷŴγ֣רŵġ
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565 ֶ
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Ӧһֻƣںģǻ˵ģǴĳϰһ֡
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ССǱ½һѪʣаҲһͨаһδνһֱнѪħǿѪʡ
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к֮󣬸ҲʲôϸŶƣ潻ⶫʲô⣬֮˵򣬾пܳԴ
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ԭܷһϧΪȻҲƳ
׷ɱȥֲһȻ俴ڶȻӵһԿͷƵ컯ǾͲõڼ׸֡


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׸Ȼ佫סȻתǺǹ̳

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ǹ˲佫Ǿâ飬ǾâڲȻһӡֻһը죬ֱ׸ǰһըٲ׸֡
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󲿷ֱ׸𿪣һֻ޷Ӧ˲ͷ
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ܣɵֲٶȸĿͽ׸ͷ䡣
˲㣬ͻȻһӰ棬ʱɵҩȥ
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ԭһ龳ϣﻵҴĻ£Ȼ׸׷ɱڡ
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֮ϳһĳ֮ץס棬֮ﶯ˲ԳٶȾ
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ںһԵüΪǱȻƵӲˣһһ龳ݺսǧ꣬˴Ƥߣ
˵ƣԪĶڲζȴͷһȡ
Ҫңɼ׸ѻðɡ
ԭҪץס̣⻹ܷɣ
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ףԭԭһԨϢͻȻĻ붫׽ź;÷ǳΣǵĻйڣջ񡣡
һԭˣڶħ㣬˳ӱǲףأ
һ˼ţϧγ⣬ʣһˣĪһֱûлӦ
Īаˣ
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̴֮УƺϢܵһЩӰ죬ʱ񣬾ͿʼֳĬ
ͷһǿ߾һ׷ᡣ
Ҿ͸ţ˭ֵܼд½Դ磬֮ͨĲ㣿ƲƲ죬Ӯ˾ͷѵӻǶô
ʱҽӵҲ֪ͨδ
ع񹤣벻ԭ֮£Ͽȡѡܶ岼ҽΪֲӸֻյش·ԭ·γһҽӵռ䡣
Խǽ¶ԽǾˣȼճ̶Ҳˣٻϵϧ޷ȡ
Լʱ
浹ǲôֻۣһЩ亹ȴΪ̾Ϣֻ˵Ҫħ䣬֣֪Ļһ·β棬ڶ׽źұԭһǵһħ䣬Ҳǵһμʵ磡
緲һðգ
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ʣ˵иĻһֱ㲻
ĻǴĻӣҲǱһţһֱ׷ңʵңٿɵ˵Ƕ壬ôһ㣬ҪΪɵ̾
棡
˵Ӯ鷳
ڣ
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תһ׸־Ȼվںǹ֮ϣǹɽһ׷ɱ
ǺǹͬҲǰƷ汦ǿ׸۷Ϊ˼Ԧǹʩչʵգ΢΢֮󣬱ʩչ־ںϴ½Դ״̬
֮ɲѲͨɸ֮УΪһ츳ͨһ
ͻȻСʲôͨһ˫ʵϣʱ仹δĸ


576 յ
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ȻͻȻӵǰжʮϢǳаϴϽһӵ
Ŷ
ȴɲǰƬȴһЦΪҪرܣȻײ֣ںӵֵʿǲ֮Ҳͽ׸Ƿͨ鷳ϣ˦ˣ
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׸ں׷Ϳֻһ룬ȴ޷׷ͨʿ
ȻжʮʿǺаϢаšŲͬ
ǰͻأӿһӵɲǼԽӦǧжʮˣȻҲһ֮ࡣ
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˿ƿհƣٶȲϷԾӵӿȼˡ
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ץסꪣǰּͻȻɱǷ׷׳Ծ໥һʱ䲻֪¡
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պҪ׷ȥʱ֪׷ɱ׸֣ɱڳ֡
ζʮֲϵˣ֮ǰ͵Ϯּǿͷɱһѷ
ᡭ
׸ּû뵽鷢
޷ƣʼͣϧû˵꣬ʮֲֳɱһ׷ɱ桢̣ʣ¼ػЩƳ档
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ʩչ֮£ܵΧӰ죬ʧɫĵӰɱ
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濴֮󣬲֮ǰǰ㼱ȣǲǶҲ֪ķߺߣҪ׷ɱǲţ֮ǰǸĻ֣۷壬ǲǶ֣ȻҲҪ׷ǲţҿҪǺùӳԣ
ʵɱˣõʬԼԴ
ʲôȱȱȱҩؼ̫ܳԣǱȵʮʿ
ҲͬɱˣȻȥǸͷ
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ԼһʱӦò׸׷ɱֵ첻ٶȹȥģ͵˿ɲǣմ
һȴǱմϣҲö֣ҲԶ̡ҺΪͨӺˡ
ȴ߶֮һ̲ߣȽ̾һʯ˲ա
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ĴֶҺ̲ȻͷŰԵƣô½ԴΧϵںϣɲǼ仯ΪһƬո־綾
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Χǻ澫ҿô½ԴЩں֮ͨУʵٴ
ȥɣ
˫һģһٶͷȼͻ߳߳ĴɱĹơ
벻ư䣬ʵֱԽʵɱ
̿ˣֳǵʲô컯
ǴԱʱ֮裬ڼ죬龳һɱ·磬һſһС
䣡
һٶͷȼͻĴְΧͷ汦ͨɱһͷͷͻ顣
֪ΪΣͻ۶𣬸оһ㡣
һδμĴֽٻ𻢻飬ִӻ֮γɣһȫѹĴ֡

̣
һٶͷѪϻ𻢣ΧɱͷԼһǿߣǾȻûа취ɱƶ
һ龳ʵ
СģƴͷҪóб¶Ըˣ
˱Χ֮УȻҲδ𻢻ɱֻ̫ʱʱ̿ܵ͹ơ
ǽϷɱҹƣ𽥽𿪡


577 𶾹Ƴ
һҲżѾմȾȥǱϾǶ֡
ܹ
˿һǿߣһһͬ߶ͬӡ֮УɱһӰ
ЩȻǸʬ
ʬʮߣðֳ̣ƷƷ潣ʮʿɱͻһ㳯ɱ
ΧƣյøʬðǣǸоʹֿ࣬£ľɱ
ⷽ磬δչȭţѹôãǹˣ
ܣһҲδоȡ
ܶ
ʵǿ󣬻зһǾ綾Ȼֺ˿ܣվ綾
Ǿ綾ͷųΧƶܿһ֡
ͷŴ½Դ״̬˲ͷȫͷΧȻ֮УƬյһ֮Уӳֻγɲȼչơ
̺Ȼں󷽴֮ҪȳЩѱĥ
Ҫܼסֵطʩչϵͨܿǣǳı
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ϴģûκ쳣ϢĶԸ˱ǣͷ濴΢һֱͷƿؾ档
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ʣһ⣬ͷţǹͷͻȻһָʮӰٶȳɽɻȳɱ䲻⡣
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ʮӰӱ𿪼ɣһǾȻʮСָСһЩĺɫӣðһ˿˿̣·棬ǶͬΧһγȼ״
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꣡
ʮƳͻȻ˶治Ҵ⣬һֱ˵ƳжôֲǾ綾ΪƳϢ壬ַͨʽڽ֮ڹѪƤ˿֮Ǳ
ǱڲվѪһͿʼͷŶƣȫƶרųԴ衢ԼѪȵȡ
ѪĵطƳ涼ܻҹƳһǱʿ֣ҲԻɱƳ档
Ƴƶٶȿ죬ҲƻҪڽƳɱڵ죬еƳ棬컯ͷܲ
ͻȻʧɫǻ𶾹Ƴ棬Ƴ֮зǳһ֣ڹӵо綾һжմһʹ״̬
𶾹Ƴ棿ٶҲˣҲȻﵽӲȣǲ򵥣
߶ꪣһֻֻ𶾹Ƴ档
𶾹Ƴ濴Ҳڲͷð̳γȼ״̬ʹһֻֻ𶾹ƳһֲΧжݡ
ԭΪܿ棬ʮܹɱػţŲ
ȴĴȻϰͷΧ޷ɱƶԸ棬ʮҲܵ𻢾
˻𶾹ƳֱӶԸ棬ĴơֶΣûá
ҳǳԺΪ
Ը𶾹Ƴ֮ʣˣٴα֮һȼȻΧ֡
һٶ𣬱Ȼ𻢸Ӵ󣬳ɵɡ
ǻϵͨʱ˻ϵֶΣ
һһٶչɲǼĴֱ֣ʮܡ
Ĵֳ״ľͷ̶ʮֺˣ벻Ǹ֡
ҾͲɱЩƳ棡
ΡѪɱɲԾƣѹĴ֣滹׼ͷŸѪȴ㡣
𶾹Ƴ޸ֿ£ϲ棬֣˵ҪԴ
ʱƻΪһ״̬˳ѹꪣʮ𶾹Ƴûҧ

ƴһʱ֮С
֮У𶾹Ƴһ޷ӻ֮ɱԸ汾
ͻȻ˫ֺʮžž𵴣ըʮֻ𶾹Ƴ汻
Щܣ
Ƴ棬沢δ˿⣬߶ꪣʮܡ

ܹڸ£׼汦ҺɱꪣһжƷ汦
Ʒ汦ѲԡʱԸܹƣо
ɵ÷ꪣûǱ½ǸְԵ޵С
ȻΪǿĶֱӹϵ
䣡
ʼǿܣҪֿƣ淴ӦҲģһꪷɱڿϣһܵɢܣΪһЩ⡢


578 й
һ̣ڶܾľͷꪷУһתǿꪷ;֮£һɢ
һһͷͷħǰ㹥Ĵ֣ʱҧʱֶβͺݺݳ˹֮ϣһͬٶȼջȫѹĴ֡
֮Ϸģ۵ùǺһֵ˺顣
ӣ
ʣҪˣ
ܷŹǣ
ʵҲ䵽䣬ܺǿߣֲֽ컯ǿߡ
ᣡ
ͻȻðȼƣһӱޱ
ΧֵĻ𻢡ȻͻȻʼ໥ɣΪʮɳĻ¯Լͬ޴Ļ𻢡
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¡¡
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𻢡ײ֮һʧַ׷ɡ
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㲡Ҫ
ۣ
Ȼ𻢡ʧ࣬Ѫڳ
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ͷѪȻŶԣҲںɫаʿ˷״̬
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ɱȥ˲䣬Ѫ£ꪷ־׼ؽţǸͷ
һ˲䣬Ҳڲͷ벱ӷֿԺ󣬾Ȼ˿ðʮֻصĳӡ
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ͣ
ˣ
Ҳǹ޸Ƴһʱ޷ֽͷ£Ϊʲô⡣
֪Էͷշ£ͻȻһ裬һϸϸ۶޷ĳӣϸ緢˿͵һ
ܣ˿Ƴ桯ֱۣһʹҲûС
ɱҪ۵ģ㡢㲻ú˿ƳϧƳ֮һҪߴС綾ϸ緢˿ǿ֮УҹʼͣĹ裬ֱȫΪֹϧΨһֹңȴɱң
ͷŭ
û˿ڣҲûʹࣿ漱æ첲һۼ
ͻȻͷʬ봢䣬ʬ塢Ҳһߡ
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ǵģû˿о뿪˵Ӧ˿Ƴ档
ʩչ֮ܶȥ
;沢δоʲôףǸִ˿Ƴ棬·Ƴڻ
ԭ뿪»յأɵЩֻΧֻѰһضߡ
ꡭ
̷涴ߣ֮УԭֻһЩ԰ףҪأͻȻըһѪڷ·ʲô顣
ֻʧȥƽ⣬һڻϷΧһʯҲѣһҽӵ
̼æߣ̫ࣿ˿ƳԵʣ
ҧɿӦӦ˿Ƴ棬ղһоͻȻҧ飬𵴣⧲
˿ƳҲ֪кһƳ֪ģ˲֮أطĿ¹Ƴ档
ˣڹƳҳƽⷽˣɵиָ֧Ԯ
кЩԭǷֳ·ϧ·ηֿǶǽ֣뿪ԭԨǸӦ
֮ص桭
һԴ½ԴвһƬ˿ʼ
ͷŸӦһ߹ǾȻһӣ˿˿ڲͬ
˿ƳֹƳ֮Уʳ裬Ȼ˿Ƴ治١
˳ŸӦ֮УѰ˿Ƴ档
ƳǱڹڲʹû˿оίʵ¡
ҵˡڿһ֮УϢڸоһϢһ
һ˿СɫƳ棬ԼСĴָȻڹ֮йѪɫֻз˿СԪ񣬵ƾһӦ޷Ĵڡ
ƺһܸовӿٶȷ·Ҫڸ֮УգϽ߶֮й롣

֪˿Ƴ滹ܸовӿڲٶȲϼӿ죬ͷų˶Һͬˮð
ҺѪ㿪ʼðꡢ궾̣ڶϻ辫Ҳ޷ݵʹࡣ
Ѹͽ˿Ƴѹڹ֮У벻һѹ֮£ʼչ裬Ͼ綾ϱڲʼںڡ


579 Ƴ֮
ۡ
ǺһѪ
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оԿƣӦ˿Ƴ綾ĸã塣
ôһСӣԶԸ
ʹ໹ܣͲŶԸһֻӡ
ѹ˿Ƴ棬ڹ֮Уֹڶ豻Ƴ棬һǿκǿѹֻܱޱǿ
ԸƳһзӣֻҲ֪ˡҲ¾綾ڹ֮УֻҪͻʵһЩ
֮ڴѰҡ
ϺܿҵһЩؼԼĵá
йϰֹƳ취ܿҵ˿Ƴġ
˿ƳƳһҪСѪֳ඼Ƿڻֳ˻ץ࣬Ƴ滹ǹѵʱ򣬰ղͬ岻ͬ֡
Ѫ裬˴綾Լֹ֮£꣬ǧܳ졣
ͨ𶾹ƳҲҪ꣬ܳ죬κһƳ涼ڳġ
аʿǴץͯŮ׳ƣڻʼ½Լħ½ֵطдҲвϹɣΪƲ֪ݱ޹
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;УҲйƳ棬һЩѣԼѪ֮нݺܳʱ䣬֮˾ǹƳġĸס
Ϊĸ֮󣬹ƳͶƴӣȻ˴ԼڷƳ棬Ƴڣдܴˡ
Ƴôǳ㷺ܶ˶ùƳ滯綾
˿ƳӹƳ棬ֻ˵ĺҪɱ˿ƳķӣҲֻԼ֪
ûҵɱ˿Ƴ淨ӣǼʶ߲֪ʶִ۽硣
һ㷨ӣöѪյȰ취õһУǾͷƳƳ棡
ϧ⼸һҲûô
ʱٿڹڲƳ棬벻֮ǰʴǿڴá
¾綾ʴ֮󣬻ɻָϾǿѪʣҲ¾綾Ƴ綾ʴֻ廹δӦɾ綾һӦƶûЧ
󣬽֤ƶϡ
ǿ֮ʼùܣһ֮У˿Ƴ治ͷŹƶʴٵطɴʱ֮Ȼƶ޷֮ǰǰɢ
ܿ˿Ƴ綾һˣֻ뻵һ³ǵһ鵽ƳĿ֮
缸ʿӦöẦ¹Ƴ⡭̿ˮٿ˿Ƴ棬Ȼ綾ȻһƯڹ辫֮С
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óһö䣬һħͷţһϤ֪ƹƳ취
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ǰԭѪ𣬻ӶԸƳ𣿡
һӣѰҼߣӱȽаҲǴһַӣνʿҲ취˿Ƴ棬ûɱͿȥץʿͨǿƵȷӣ˿Ƴ澭ʱתơ̵ʿڣܻƳ棡
ȷаѰҼߡ
ƳǧǧԹƳ֮˽⣬Ƴ֮ҲһдѧʵĶڹƳ磬ƳΪ𣬶ơơѪơԪơ˫޹Ƶȵȣ˫޹ƣͿԴСֻһѣֲڣͨԾѪ֮˾ͿùƳȥԷڣﵽ˫ޡ
ʲô
еĹƳǳԵʱԽԽǿ󣬵ĹƳҲޱеĴﵽ컯쾳ƾǸ߼ϧƳ֮һ˿ƳټطƣԸ¡֮ĹƳ棬һƣѡ
Ϊ治Ͻ
֪֮ͨƳ֮Ǹص֪ʶӺ嫡
˿Ƴ滹̫ѪԸȫԱƳֻҪһ̣ٶཻһ䣬ָ


580 ɵ
Ȼˣ߶ѪʣѪȼ
Ѫȼ״̬ȻΪ̬һΡһǻΣʣһ־̬
״̬¶һݲ죺ѪѪϢϢأǰлΡγ֣벻Ѫ𼸺Ѫ̬ΪΣѵҲѪʣһӵ
һֱ޷͵£Ҳֻд˽⵽

һͷͷѪʼΪָСƿӿڹ֮С
Ǳڹ˿Ƴ棬·ָܵвٵسȥĴһһͬ˿Ƴ档
벻ڹƳϣʹùƳͬڵϷš黨״
ˣ˿Ƴ滹ûбҧ綾ֿʼߡ
Ѳ
齻ʩչѪԸ˿Ƴ棬Ȼһδλغϣ޷˿Ƴ档
Ƴ̫ǿ
ܿѪһ㽫˿ƳԼƶķһʱһܻɹ
һʯϽָţʱʱҲע涯ܰ˭֪ڽһ
˿Ƴһغϣɿͷһδɱ
ͣ
汣ͷѪ״̬˵ȴȥûԸ˿Ƴ棬ػὫϳ塣
ѳɹ뿪һ֪˿̣˿Ƴ·Ԥ֪ҪƳѪ֮
Ȼؿʼ衢Ѫ·Ҫһ˿ƳҲ벻һʿȻƶ
ɶ񰡣ҾȻ˿ƳѪҵþơ
ٴοùΧѪɢ˿Ƴ滹ɹڲԼΧѪ
֪ƳѪԽ࣬Խǿԭ滹ڵ»ᷢԼϡ
һĻζ벻ġ
˿ƳѪ裬Ҳ֪ͣҪ֪ϸ緢˿ɶپѪ
忪ʼͣӷ˿ﵽСִ뿪ʼﵽ̶С
Ϊ󣬵˿ƳﵽĴָСһ̣ʶ˿Ƴ֮ȥѪ⣿
Ƴѣ˿Ƴչڲѣˣ
ķ·ֿ
˿ƳȴͻȻͬܿʼҲͼʾѪ𶯡
ۡ
濴֮ʣĴָС˿Ƴ澪ͻȻѪ
ûȷѪ
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584 ɫ
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591 ѩķŭ
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595 ۸
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ʦǶ֣ڻʼ½Ҳݺ˷˭֪ǻǸ޳ʦ棬͵Ϯݺʦţʦδ֪Ȼһŭ
ȷʦĲҲ˵ʦδ֪˵ʦпܻšʱȻӿ졣

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Һ㲻ɣʵԽ㣬ʲôʸˣģ̬š
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Ŷɱ㣬첻¼ҵɱ㣬ϴνѹèζɣû꣬㻹ָܻ壿컯㣬Զһֻ˵˻èҰ֮ǷӡὫ
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605 Ϸˣ֮Ů
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֮Ȼѩٴһ棬ȳҺôҲǵ֣ţڻ½Ҳ뵱ֹϵĺãΪơ޸ѵһƭһ龳˼ҾҲǷʮġ
Ҳ㣬˭㽫飬ҲһЩѪ⣡ੲݡ
Ҳδء飬лᣬҲδϾɱ
νһҧʮ¾˵СҲǸѭ浸֮ˣһεҾһֱǵãʱʱ̿뵽ĥǳͻûһܵð
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Ůǳж쾳ʵδֶ֪ΣԴԾܴ裬ػˣֶΣ㽫޼ڣˣֶΣҲܺ޼ԴӴЩҷǳġ
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飬Լ޷ڲ졣
С޼ٴ߶߶Сڲơ
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̾κգǸзѩŮУģŮ绢Ҫǵã
㵹ǺݺһΡ
䲻壬ȴʶʶһҪ
̾ǸŮħͷˣ֪òָܻһ뿪ŵƻڵ֮ⰵǱһ뿪֮ƶԸң
ҪٻָƣǿɴӽѪħ֡޵ĵ
ѪħᵽҲͻȻһΪѪħϢӦĴڣѪħкεȹϵ
һ˵֪ΪΣҶԽѪħǳ˽⣬ǰ˶ԽѪħ˽⣬ʴҼ֮УйڽѪħһŽ֮ӡǽѪħΪֲһѪ֮
֮ҿа
Ѫħħһŷǳӡħ֮УѪħ֮ǡѪ󷨡
Ѫ󷨣
ħļأѪħ󲿷ķΪͨΨѪ𵽲ѪãŽߣֱӿǿѪڣٽѪųȥ󲿷֣ǿѪ֮ھӵǿһʱںϡɣҲӵǿǰ߶ȣʱܳΪǿߡ
ܡ


607 ħ֮
һѪħȻӵ˿ѪʽֱɱԼǿӶǿԼȷΪݡǿ󷽷ɡ
ʱЩ˿Ѫ󷨱ֱɶǿѪǿԼһŽԽǿѪЧԽԣ˾ϽӵнѪħħ
ȲٽѪ󷨴ң
ŽҲмΣգԽǿѪЧǿڣ顢ɵȵȸãʱʱ̶̿ս
ҲѪħ񻹲ʱʱ̿ܵѩв֮һѩֻǵ;һǿУδһǿУδ֪ѪжӰ죿Ҫ޷ţܻ֮ˣ뾡취š
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滺ӻħĿʼת벻ͼͷŵħ⣬ħͬλʼ߶һɺɫߡ
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ŹҲһΪвзʽѪħͨķ࣬ʴΪ̹
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Ϳָʱ֪ԭͤѻصţ֪ͨеǰȥᡣ
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ͤȸ߲֣벻ڰһ֣ΧǺīȸ߲档
ҲڰһιȻⷽǧӷ׷оղԾ
ֳһٶӵħĵӣĸܰرһղаŵӵʿ顣
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ڴڳ״̬ʱʱ̷̿ͳ𵴡


609 
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ʵͷһҲԷ䲻һ˺һǿߣΪԣˮ
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ģؿɼʦһ㣬Ҳһ죬ʵȥ常㣬ӻǰ޼ڻԻͣ
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610 ɾ
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ףҴӦ㣬˵˵ΪԭҪɱңһͷ帱£ܺĿĶһ龳ӳ֣
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Ȼץס߶֮벻سԼһģӰ
·ȷҲ̻ᡢģϢĲ졣
һŽ𣺡̻Ҵӵ̤ʼ½̻ԹڶǶһǳأҲһ붫һŽɵ벻̫Զ̻Ϊζһ龳ͣ
ԭδӶɭִ֮󣬱ȥһЩԴɼõͰ񣬸ոջ죬һۿǳϤһͶҲš
ۣ
лᣬץʱ͡


617 ɱ
δ˵֪꣬Ա߿Ưţ֪һҧԴӣһǿнԴ˺Ť£Ѫ̽ӡ
潫ʬһڣص򣬺Ҳڡ
Ҫɱ֮ˣ
һԾ֮УȻüͷ̻Һ޶ԹҲˣƽ޹ʾʹʯȡ֮ȷҪȡʬ壬ȻҪҵĿǰȻʼΪصӣȴҲδһܳʯĸ߲㡭
ư˾Ųʮǡѩ
ƲƲȻɱΪŮ뿪ʼ½޷ŵ֣ȴҵ̻붫Ǯȡ˸߶һܿҲŴʱд֣Ҫ뾡취ɶķѩҺֶβǿߣȻ
ʱ䲻࣬ڽʱ䲻ǿ뾡һзӣʱҲȫ˻Ϊ߶Ͷ֣
óҾȥɭָüֶĪаӦҡ
ֳɭַȥʩչ֮ٶⳬԽﵽ߶ȡ
죬ɭΧ
Ҳ̤һԽǿɭ֣ԽױǮس˸Ӧ
Ѱ֮زúü󣬿ʼ޼롣
ҲڰҸӦĪаϢڶɭֿԺ٣ŬŬ˵ҵ
ʼȡľϸ߼ҩǿ
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Īаڶɭ֣ػһ֣֪ټţһĪаϢͶ֮УôܸͨӦȻ֮ĪаϢ
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ԼĪаϢһջ񣬵ȴӦٲаšϢû취ֻѡ뿪ɭ֡
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ħȥһѰҵ鱾ƬһҲҵһЩ
£ʩչ֮ԾٶȾͿħ䡣
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߼ʮֵ⣺ҶϢӡǴǵһνӴϢӴˣҾܸӦڹƶϢ
治򵥣ˣҲˡ
ɲǰǸ棬ʵﵽ桢ԶԸ컯ǿߣ󵨳Ͽȷȥ
յϿ⣬治ӦҲһɹɹƶϢϢǳرֻҪӦһ˿Ϣܿ϶
ԼжʮУӦʱֻһ컯඼
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һұըħһռը졣
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һ˿ģԼΪƣΪʱ¶Ц
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ʵ޷ɱɣ֮
⼸ԼħҪߣɲǼͷһͷͷȼվһٶͷȼſֲ棬ɲǲһɱȥ
صںϣӤħǿѹƺʶԼͷ
ͷ׽ŵʬ֣浱͸¡
ʩչ֮һ֮㹦򣬾Ʒǿߡ
ʱ̤Żǰһ֣лѪڡ


618 ָħ
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˭֪֮״̬£һɱһɱһ󷨱ײ֮βδˣһ俹סһǿ߹ơ

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󺮱ǿʬ壬УȻȲΪҲ㹻һʱ䡣
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仹ҵʮƳ棬Լ̫ˣҲ׼ûƣ׼ֶζԸˡ
֪޼ڴЭ
һϣг֣Լһûһ
һʣ滹Ǽ٣
ΡΡͷˣ޼ǾֱֲħԭԹȱݣλħĥ㳼뷽ѩδԼֻһ㾫Ѫںϰˡ
ߺ⣺δ뷽ѩԼ
ԼԺԳΪΨһ˫ޣἰ£𽥲ŵ֪õޣǴ˵֮ЩռޣֻһƷ
㻹һ壬˼Ҷ⣬㻹Ϊ뵱ȴңҲδҪںϣԼ
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ǽƻҲʵҲˡ
Ӵ͸ңʵҾ͸ɣǿǰи뷽ѩϵԪ񣬽Ƥ
˵زδ޼Ҽ磬ָһЩ鵤ָ
ֽ¯ץһͬʱҲҳʬ壬벻涼ǹƳ䶯òġ
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˽ֲ壬塢ʬ嶼ԣһ㶼ʬ壬ȻʿƣƳ󣬱ӵڳ֮󣬱˽Ƴڡ
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֮ǳҵǲų⣬ҪѪʲ¾綾
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֮ͷɫʯԼ¯֮ںܿƳΪߣһڽߡ
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Ƚɣʮֻڵλ潣Ȼȥħ
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̣
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յͼǰʯԭԼָħ򣬾ԭǻһξ롣
ϴӳ죬Ǽʶʯԭֻһյشڵ£̫ӣȥָħ
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ܿһƬѹѹ·޷͸ĺɫɽ룬յͼǰָħΪͼһƣͬǣƿȥָų֮Ϊָħ
ָħڵħ֮УҲֲһյ֮һǵħиҪҲʡڣҲиֶǴħʿڲѰңڻʼ½̤һħ


619 ħ
ѩû뿪ħ䣬Ҳָ̫ħֻ棬͸оаϢǵض
ݺԾѹѹɽ
ͻȻҪ࣬ѹٶֻܴﵽ龳ԺȻϢòʩչ½Դ
½Դʩչ֮󣬲ܽ󲿷֡
ʱ齻ھͽ⣬ʱʱ̰̿иӦϣָħҵһЩƬ
ѸӦһЩİħкܴᣬҵһƬǱ𣡡ͷ˿˿ħָͶŸӦ
ʱԽشɽԼɭ֣Ȼϴǰмаʿ컯ǼħʿҾʮ֮⣬вϢ
ٶ̫ҪԴǿʬ壬ʴĸԽԽã
˼Ƭ̣ħʿǾΪǿɱЩˣȡʬ壡
ܿһƬɭ֣Χͨɽ壬֮͸ӦϢԼͷţĵϢԼһ
һʵﵽ۷壬ǸĴڡ
һſŴֲٶ֩ڰգżҲ߰׹ǡ
ȻٶȣһŴ󷽣ǰһħʿȻĸֲ׶Ը䶼Ǹ߽λǿߣٰΧ͵ϮˣŻ֡
氵пʼͷһ̣Ҳȫ߶ѪħԼѪϢǡӡħϯȫ
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濴һǿߣǸߣʵﵽ۷壬κɣһ
˱ͷǹֹȻǿ⣬ǳǹˣԷκιƣ潣ֱײ
˰ԵҲǷǳɵ¾ꪣҲ޷ѹЩ

߶Ըͷ̫һ̣ѡͷټߡ
Ҳû뵽컯ʵĸָ֣ħҲֻеķݡ
ۣ
һ֣֪һ䲻ҧϣ̺ӿ壬ȫ⡣
ɲǴ߶޼žžžͷǹ֮ǰһסǲǺһ֣ǺݺػߣŽָϽ޼
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Ҳһʬ
ߣǹֶΧɲЩˣ뺮߶֮ƿնȥ
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ʩչ֮Ԫһ޼ʱħһһħʿ汻£һϢ
һħʿϽġ
ϴ߶ꪣһٴκȣҡħڡӣŹǣҲħʿҶͬˡ
ǿһȣԭħڣҵҪҷǣҲҴһЩôûкô׸ǻ
ɲ˽һööȡ汦Ҳһ
֮󣺡Щûⱦ
ǿԸһ֮أһħͷţξΪ˶ȻħħʿϽһ˿˿ħһꡣ
֮滹ǹϳ֣߶ꪽնɱ
ħǻʼ½ħ֮һǶԭʼ½ħͲ࣬ħʿаʿԶţ
ʬ֮ʬ塣
ȥǴյؿܿϣָħȥ


620 ֵƬ
ָħͼҵԼ
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Ӧ֮УȻӦһ𣬿±컯
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ҲһӦϰħʿ;ͬطһˣֲڲͬ
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ǰһƬɽǳأΪɽ̫ؼһһء
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621 ħ½ħ
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622 
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623 һʯ
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λǰûϵ־磬ͨһʿǵȴϹϵʵұһλǰϵö֮ҲЩӴˣҲʼӡ
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ɵԱǸţľͷȫŪΪδ֮ǰİжԹϵһӱܣ
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ʱħһ˾ۼ󷨣óһϵܣˣҵ뿪ʼ½´һһʱ㣬ħ½ҲҪңҵķԺħǿߣóħͷһӡ
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ʼ½ħ½ҲͦԶȲȥǻ½ȴҲҪٺҵιǰζ̫æһʱһ㣬ԭΪӶȴһȥ֮ǰϿͬǰʬҲδ±ȥǳתһתȥߣ̻ѰһЩʧⷽ½ħ
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⣬벻񼲻һǰ붫뽮
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Ҫ£ңδڿѩȻȥִǳأɹٱҲʶǸѵû
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ڼҲкüǳأģСڶǳأһǶǣһǡ򻪳ǡ
һŽɾܽŶǳǶŽɵӣ˶ǰɶŽƿأΪǳ֮һ
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δ֪Щɸ߲㱦ܿ쿴ԼһԲƵħýǧƷʯ
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625 콵
ʱ潫Ƭ봢䣬ƬƾͿʼͷͬϢ
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ռֳһħ֮ǰָħõȡ
ۣ㽫飬ͷȻơƬͷϢһͬһ
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󷨶ѿĥɾһҲʧħ˲ŵħй
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ʯʯʯҩص䡢˵ıͳͳǣĿ涼ˣþ޷š
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ͱʯȻֿֿʯʯٶϡٵĵؽʡ
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ص֮Уֲħб䣬ҲħһЩоǱȲѪԼӤħ̥󷨡

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ӡҲȣ϶˲ͷһӥצ͸ŷǳֲħ
÷ӥצȣ档
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Ʒ֣
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ʵһûɫʯɵοܣһƿܣȴʯϢԼš
οͷŵĻ棬ȻڷΧħӡ󷨣Ҫ֪󷨱ȻǽָרŷӡܣܵĻϵȴ󷨲Ϸٻ˵ܵӡ󷨡


626 ̻
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ⷬɲüͷһֻǲϢǳ󷨷ӡ˲Ҳʯ𲻾ͬ
ʵʯҲ̺ϢʯԽʯ֮ϣӵػϵⷽ磬ںⷽؾͻ£γ𣬿ϧʯֻһڽ𣬻δȫΪ״̬ԣһʯͬһ㣬ʯûʶʶģ
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һ컯ԲмĿ⣬桢񼲺ߵǶãǡϹ֡ѡ
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627 Ŷٺ
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ϹֹϵǳԱ߻һӣϢЩޣͬǣǺϹһΪǶ쾳ڡ
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ӵ޼ǸˣΪˣһ磬Ϲǵʼ½˶֪ǿߡ
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ֹǶ׵һЩ˵ǲٶǵԼȻ鱦

ûȤ֮ǰõȣǿƷҵˣ޷߶缦ߣʳ֮ζ
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ʱ죺ЩʱҪ뿪򣿹ǲȥ򡢱򣡡
񼲴ʱһĨЦݣҲУʿЩʿͬҪ۾Ǽʶж಻ףҲҪ뿪ʼ½Ӷֱ𣬴һʱȥطȻ뿪ʼ½ٴȥ캣
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棬һЦһأ̫ȻֻҪ̤ƬյأٱյأвٻϵҲУΪ궼ǻȼգͷȥȻй޲ȵȣȥ캣ΪҲħǰһȥͷǱһϣΪħߡʵǿȴͻȻ캣һԳơʥ̡ظ֣˫֮󡮰ħߡͻȻʧȥ䣬ʼ½Ҫ˳ȥѰ䡣
ħߣ
ʥ̣
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628 ı
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һ߽⿪ӡ򿪽УһڳɫС

һʱ󷽶ʿߡ
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ϧûһ쾳ֳۣǴ󲿷컯ǿҲδۡ
񼲵ţ棬ǻϵɽƷʣԵҲ࿴
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컯뿪λҲж쾳ͷȥ

ʱеӰ죬ʱӤɽȷڷɽڣԶԶǽһۣҲһˣ벻ǻʼ½
ִ߶䣺˫齣ַж˽⣿
黺˫齣һѷɽѶʵֻҪϤɣƳ˫齣ȻҲҪһţ˫齣ƽ󡢽ȵȵĻ
Ҫ˵ʦ˵ǵڶû˸ҳƵһ
սƵ˫齣ȻһǧһƷʯľ˼۸񣬱һ컯ͷߡ
ʱֵ̻ڵǵҩν׵鵤ͬԶӦ֪½ɣ
ǷǳңԶһ½̫Զˣµʼ½ָֻһȥ
·Ӧһ䡣
½Ȳϻʼ½ҲǿߣɽׯһƳĵҩ½ǵӽ֮һδƷе컯ҲмٶƷʣ
Ϸ߿ʼۡ
·ʱۣ½ǰңԶ½ȷЩɽׯ½̻Ҳ䲻ǺܳǾƷپͷ֪ɽׯ
ҵǲ֪ɽׯ½һˣ˳֮Ϊ¹ѹŮӵľò
˺潻š
벻ﻹɽׯӹӡԼǸ֮еİ¹
Ϊ㵵Ȼ棬Ǳ½׺Զ󣬵һ½½
벻½Ҳ֪Ĵڣɽׯӹӡ¹Ҳۡ
ȻҲΧ½мֺ棬ʣȥܶط½ɷȥ
񼲻شһ麹ȥһΣҲʶӹӣԼ¹ȵῡܡ
ǺܲһСС½ӦñȲϻʼ½Ҳ϶ٺ˰ɣʣһ֪ģ


629 Ѫħ
½СȥһһţҴ첻ٴ½һЩСʹ½һЩӹĻǸ¹ֻɲȥݣЩҲȥңԶ½ԺСϵǿлǵġ
벻ȥǰط
ұͶºܺ棬ϧܶطδȥ
ɳ½أ
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ɳ½ҲǷǳ˽⡣
Ǽʶ㲩Ƕ࿴
˼̻ٶ۸ҲԽԽߡ
һٸֺ䶯
һߴ򿪷ӡһ֮УȻ͸ħ̻ħ֮ħ֮֮вٱ̻õһӣΪѪħ飬ǺʵѪħħǿƷȻʧ֮ڷڵľʲôãȻ޷ӵѪħ飬ħֶԿʱħһѪħӵоȫѪǿħ½Ѫħ鶼
Ѫħȷħ½ħͷУҲǱȵϧı
·һ쾳ͷ˼
ҲҪʱעںӿ졣
Ѫħдôħ½ҲΪֱγɺżȻҲҪȥ񼲻ɫ
̻۸񣺡ļ۸ǰ˰Ʒʯ
Ȼ䣬˰۸һֳȻһʱһ˳۵εز
Ҳάּ㿴ңҿ㣬ƣ񼲾ȻҲǳĬ
Ȼһ쾳ͷһˣ΢΢ʾ⣺˰򣡡
˶ҲΧȻûóۡ
˭֪ǰԶǸϹֺȻڣŰ򣡡
һǧ򣡡
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ͻȻԭ˶ûǸѪħ飬Ͼħ֮˭ħǾԶ֮
˭֪쾳ֳۡ
һǧһǧ򣡡֮ǰǸ쾳ֽмۡ
һǧ򣡡ϹֹϽ۸
һǧ򣡡ԷҲʾ
ǧ򣡡
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ܶ˶ڷֳͻȻ
쾳ͷĬһ᣺ǧ򣡡
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˫κԷȻĬˣǷ
ۿѪħҪںϹУʱһ࣬ȥոʿ񼲣һߣ𵴵ǧ򣡡
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ںϹԱߵһɲǣŶ쾳һɨ
׷ٴУڴһͨʿ񼲡
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ϹҲͷһɨɫ硢˿ȥöˣЦǧ򣡡
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˼һԾ𣬵Ҫ쭡
ȣ
˭֪ٺʱĶ첲
Ϲִʱû֮ǰǸ򶨣ǧ򣡡
ǧ򣡡汻񼲴
䲻ڲмõóǧ𣿡
ºôǺϹֹһЦ񼲱ȭ
ɽ
̻ߵһ˽һ˲ٸ֡
ǻò㾪˾ʯҲ濴һĻ
ʱڻﴫϴ󣬺Ϲ֡Ƕڽ񼲻񰡣ǸٺҲһģԭЩˣǶˣǶٺǰͿǾǱΪ飬ǲ񼲰ȫ뿪
ǻʼ½а£ɱԽһ㲻֣жǣ
Ӧ֮ɽף±Уɱȭϲ磬ҲҪСĺϹˣ
ûȥôࡣ
һֳ߳մﵽ߳
һǱһžλóı
ϷǸߵСһС
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ǹ̻һȻ
ߵڽܣҶ֪ǰҶֳҲвٸȥӤɽỨ߼۸񣬴ڹЩһΪǳڵһŮѩ֣֮Ϊ˫һΪı


630 ˫

½Ů
֮ȻǾƷ
һɲǼ䣬ɧЩ쾳ͷҲ𼸷⡣
˫
뺮ͨ
ȻǳС֣֮Ƴ̥ӤɽŻʼ½ƶɣһһƷڶ쾳ҲǾ
С治Ƶд⣬󶦣õȷϣ֪ѩ֮
̻ᵱƵ˫ͼΪһǧƷʯ
ǰвٶ쾳ǿֳ߱ĬһȻȣһǧһ򣡡
һǧ򣡡
ǡ
ǰԶٺҲǶŽɾŶٺ򣬶˵ֱӽ۸ѹ֮ǰ쾳ߡ
߲ΪȻһǧ򣡡
ǧ򣡡ٺԾƿƺȵ
ǧ򣡡
֪Ա붫ٺֻмλԶһӣӸۡ
ȫȻѻȸٺ򳯶Է񣺡ǺǣֵҲҪ
λӿٺףٶǰһҲ·磺ͶԷĽ֮ģϧϴӤɽûлἰʱϹȥȻ֮Ʊص֮
˭ƺͶٺϵӦѣΪΪһȻۣ
Χ˷ɻ
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ԭǼޣ˴ͷȴݣǻʼ½ͷ붫ٺһͬݵĴڡ
ֲ쾳ͷٺ򼸷ӣ¶ԣһȴð
Χ˵
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Ŀ֮£ٺڳޱȭʦֿ־ڱصãǧ򣡡
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˾ȻѼ۸ǧƷʯ
ǧ˶ʱסǿƷʯϡ٣˵ǧ򣬾ǰҲǶóġ
龳ʿƷʯͲˣҲ漣ֻõóʮƷʯ컯õó
֪ǧƷʯ쾳ԣǶôһ֣ѰʿԣǾ֡
˶ڲ²ʱٺ뷨һһƷֵ˾˸߼ۣӹһƷƷ
ٺ򲻵Ϣ֣ԭҪģΪۣԸԡǧ򣡡
˱ˣֹӸһõκεʿκһҪǿж
ϼͻȻ͸źǶٺ򡢼ģס
Ȼ
ƼڳĬٺҲżȡñ˫ڵȴ޻Ӧ
쾳ͷѾԸ⻨˼۸ȥһһƷ
Į֮ͻȻƵţǧƷʯ
Ǹˣ
֮ǰҲõѪħ飬ѵҲҪ棿
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ֻǰߣ׷ڴʱſ񼲲֣һ֡
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ǲ࡭ٺǱ飬һƳ񼲣ٺΪС£ͽ¶һ־к̨֮ٿ񼲣ӦԣһǴʬ֮ģħʿΪɥԭ򣡡
ԶٺۣԼжٿǰж쾳ͷͶĿ⣬ǰݣǧƷʯóƷʯһῼǷ
ԡðԵ
Χǿ߸ɵ֮У̾Ϣ


631 ֵһǿ
ǹȻٺ򷢳ƣƣв˼Ȼ㶫ٺý۸ᵽڣôҲ

Ǿ仰ַǳìܣ㶫ٺ򽫼۸ھʯҲһͽø㡣
ʱ಻ԶǸϵϹֲˣȻҪɲģҶҹҲδ˿Ц۸һ޷ջأ
ˣԷһ쾳ͷȻ΢΢һЦһԾŶ
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ںϹ֡硢˵ȸ֣Ը飬еж񼲡
óʯȻɹѩƵı˫¡
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Ҫ⿴񼲡
һȺ蹷ˣģǻﶯ֡渺ֶʾһͬһ֡
һǰһ̻߳ᣬ˱Խһöݸ񼲣ºߣҶÿͣЩǶһЩزϣܶೣ

Ӵ䣬ҲΧһ֡
ȴΪͬΧǶ쾳컯ѹÿһǴ졣
ϵܣҷ룬͵͵뿪ҸضЩ˶ޱȱɣһûʣŹҡ
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ǰְһЦұټ֮գãã翴ټޱߣΪﵽһ磬ʵҲ󣬸ǣ
ۿҪһڸе߳ͻȻת׳һö䣺л·ǰʯĳͣ
һץ֮࣬ȴѴǰʧ
ѰӰԷĵ𣺡һлλ֣˺ͣ
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ߣ
ΧͻȻӿ첽һˡ
һʱ䵹û棬Ϊעϣ֮ȻƲϵǿҲ뽫˷һʿ档
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ǰǿ󣬾Ϲִǰ˰·ɱҲ޷Ը
ʱ̻ᣬѾαװһˣֶգǶ϶쾳컯ڣһʵ񼲵ĻȥͣǣҾͶ๺һЩħһ顣


632 żټ
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һô۸Ҳ̻ͣ۸ߣͻȻԴģڶ飬̻ҲȻˡ
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ħˣҶ£ߣ
ʮͻȻŭХ֮


633 ùͷ
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ȻǶ쾳һ䣬ǳֲֶξˣ´ҲкֲܿԽʵҿˣǶǿߣ¸Ҫ񼲵Ƕǿߣܿȥħڣ
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Ȼһȣ˲Ϊ֪ħ½㻹˵㲻֪
¾һһ䣬ʶħ֣֮ǰҾ;һǿߣ֪һ쾳ͷйϵҡһ뿪


634 ܾ
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ǰûٺղܻģٺ򰡣֮ӣȻѿ͸
㵹ǿĿ
µһܿЩνţΪҲֳìܣһޱȣʲôٺţоһȺСˣɲ˴򣡡
㻹Ǻúÿµǲ㣬ʲô㣿Ȼ侲µһİˣԹۡ
һ浹ǲں
˭֪ͻȻѹͣҵˣҵͬţҲῴ
治ΪȻ𲻺ʦǵţ˰Ľ㣬δĪͽԷǶ쾳ʦҪҲллʦ⡣
˼ǲ֪ôҪ㣬ȴ飿һ̣Ǹ
ʵˣԷǶǶŽɣţͻʦҲﶫٺˣҲȲңαðա
㵹ǷǳѣˣҰб磬ȡҵᣡͻȻ˵
ӣô죿
ϹֺȻٺ
ٺͻȻһƳ棬ֲмת˴ţ²ˮʯ
ǣ˹
ٺϰٸ֣ƺƵȥ
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ϹֵںȵȥѰħͷټһж˭иնģ
źϹһ£㳲ȥ
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һͲǶ˫Ӵ֮󣬲ŵ֪ǷֱǺϹ¸֣Ҳһٶˣȡ
һǿ񣺡֣Ȼȥʬ̡࣡
ڽۣͱһԶȥ
ʬ̣
汻ӡ廨󣬴ʱǿߵС
ȼѪ𣬲ϻָƣҲע޼ʱ׼ɱȥ
úϹҪʬ̣Ȼ俪ʼѰҸʬ


635 ʬĪа
еӡ󣬸ʬǶλڶϴԼ֮ңһ򣬴ԼеӼˣҪһ㣬ʬ򶫹Žɳ붫һǶŽһ
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ͻȻ֮ڹ꣬ߣһһŮҼСɲħͷҼСͨ󣬷ޱߣδҪΪϴɡ
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Ϲֽͣħֹᣬڶŭٺٺǽţȴ⽫ĨɱС
˵ֲøղڶΧԶһɰԵƴȻٺ򽻴ôӻţŭٺԵõ붫Žɱӻ
Уڨڨ档
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ģ
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󷨷ӡҲɫѪɫѹ
󷨿֮ɲǼӭаȸϢڲҲޱȶ
ţ
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Ӱһʵ·λöᣬ濴ǶߵĪа󲽳
Īаæ𣬲һӵʱϲʦ֣㣡
ҲϲοͻȻֱѹվ֮أȴǳ̤ʵϴӣٺ٣˻ޣȻңѵǹѽ


636 
ʮ겻ӣһ㣬ü棬ȻָĽˣ޼ڣǿĥ̺ۣ·˰̱Īаһ˼ס
û¾ͺãû¾ͺãǰģʱȻ־ѹĪаһ䡣
Ҳһٶˣо綾ҶѪɫϢΪ·һǻˡ
Ǽ˻ðɣº˫ӦһӾ̲סʵ
̾̾绹ţȻڲаţУǴڶɭʧأҲһغʱӳ죬ȥǣһֱû䣬㻹ţڶɭ֣Ƕڻң㾿εȱʣ
˵ǿһӵ컯ʵһ˲ɱˣɭ׷ɱ˴Ÿʬ̸֣ڶɭץʿʱֻһ棬Ҿͱѹͽȫӡ뷨֮Уʮִʬ̣Ӵ˽ҹУȥںϺڰ
˵ͻȻ̲ס˼ᣬ߳ж᣺ΪҺڰڰԼ޷ںϣҪȥǼͱʬ壬Ϊ綾һ߶ʬ
Ҿ֪һţҺҵ㣡ӼҲܵ󴥶
һˣֻʣˣӻ³
ҵңĪʦ֪ڸʬ̣ʦͨӦòУ
֮ǰڶһħֲμӹ̻;Ϊ۵ﶫǿߣħһߣһǰиȥȴʩչĺڰǸɱʱ־ϲڰ㣬ͨڰҵ㣬õȵ˽ѹʬ̿ܲ㣬Ȼҵˡ
Ц¶ԭˡ
Ȼȭͷˣʱڹ̻;һϤϢ֣ʱ޷ҵ𰸣Ҳڹ̻߶ڰڰϢҸӦһжڤڤ֮Уڶˣϻ޼ϢһۣҾ;ûʲô·
ᵽˣĥͣ˱޼Ǿ޼̫ڸһ޼
ΪΣҲڶɭַ㡭
ܲµʱ䣬ĥжʹ࣬ھ綾Ҳ뻯⣺Դж˽⣿
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Ȼҵ㣬ǾҪӳȥҪӳȥҲˡϹ֡ʬ˽⣡
˽ģһͳ޼̫ڣϧ޼𣬴ͶԼŽɣҲ޼Ǿû޼ǰ㾫裬Ϊ̫ŽЧǧ꣬Ƕĸ˳޼Ǿ⣬Ҳ綾Ƴ档
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ǱΪ飬ڻʼ½Զ̫ŽΪʵǶ̫Žһӣʦ֣˶Ƕ쾳ǰΪ˵ԸˣǶԸ˶ǲܡ
һṦĪаͽͷϸȫг
˵˪ӣһ
ĥһѹסĿǰҪԸˣʵҲҪԸϹԼʬҵˣҲڵﶫ̫Žɣǵúú취ؼҪжĺڰ
ӺȻ¶һѵõЦݣ֪ʦһŴͨ¾綾˾þ綾ƶңԼˣ޷ʦ㡣
ӳȥĹؼҾӳȥⲻ󣬹ؼδ˽ڰҪغڰһսҲܿԽȥԸ쾳Ƕ쾳֮еİߣ
ѡ񣬺ڰǿǰںϣ⼸ʮ뾡취ںϣʮ꣬ҲδڰӡԼҵϢٻĺڰںϣ͵ʱķ


637 ֮
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벻ոս˫ڣͼüֻƳǱѪ֮УԼѪٶȷǳ
Ѫ֮вپ綾پʱƳ澹Ȼȫϰ֮࣬һЩƳ棬רż֮
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ʦ֣㡢㻹ðɣɱңһӼ״ﲻһ£ѯʡ
һȣҡҡͷ

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ڶ˰̷ģҵʦԣҪԼƿأĪаȻʮָƤץơ
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638 ħ
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ᡢˣЦɣǶ쾳ͷʱ漫ȻԼǲˣ֮ǰǷڴͻȻ߽⡣
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ڷ֮ʣͻȻ뵽ʲôԭ֣ǶԸǸˣ
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ͬ⣺û⣬㿴л𶾹Ƴ桢ѪֳƳ棬ϧû˿Ƴ棡
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ְ֣ʱ£һơ


639 ʬ
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ںϲƬͷŵħ
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Ա˶õĹƳ棬ԣȫûмЧ
ƶڣÿһƳڣƵǿչƶյĹƶ֮һ̫ױֲࡣ
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Ǹɵ£ƾǸҲԸ棡
ŽɾǸʲô


640 ˰ɱ
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ڶŽɣٺӳɫλš
ܡ˵ǶŽɵһӣԪ
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ʬͬһɻֿҵһʱ㣬ǼˣϹ־ȥŽɣﳤϹϵ֪ΪζŽҪһԪ
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ɫʯͬӣ꣬ͷŸӦ֮ѪԼѪȼաɫʯ
ʶҲһɫʯռ䣬Ϊںϣڼ治ʴԪȻǰų״̬ɫʯ˲佫Ԫٻ
ǴζȡɫʯڲɫжܣȻ¡
ӵԪɫʯںһʱ䣬ɫʯ棬̼仯Ϊ
ɫʯ֮󣬱ҲںϣԺ󲻹ʩչϵͨ绢
ɫʯڵزѪȼţѪѪȼգǽУѪɫʯṩ֡
Ϊɫʯ̫ʵ̫࣬ԵڵزγһƬȼտռ䣬ҪںƻҪȺܳһʱ䡣
ڲɫʯںϣֲ֮ԪʶҲɵһʱܵ
˵ɫʯһʯʣںϻᵮһֻϵӶԶΪá
ڼֿʼһ˿˿𣬿ʼϢһ֮УʼҲ忪ʼӴ
벻ںɫʯ˿˿棬ոӿһȼճ̣ڲѪڲ
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ڱһЩϢںھ֮УѪԼ֮ҵĻϵͨʵҪһֹǿߣҲӦм档
ͬʱԽƿأʼҲϵͨںϡ
ѪһںϢжྪˣ
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߼ӾǲһԻȡĵر
һĵرǺĵӵĸ
Ȼָͤ߼ӣڵТҲĪ̫ʵһ潣ȥǿɶԽǻƸ෨


647 ױ
Ȼѣֵڰ̳ѰĵرҲǴӤɽڽ󣬲ſʼһ̳Ѹһֲĵر̳Ҫ÷磬õŮӷ˲Ů̡
˼ʵʸЩĬĬţָһЩô
һߣص˫üߣƷҪϵؽ𣬶ֱڰߵһֺôˣɼӿһȡʦ䲽᲻úײǣұ㽫λʯŪһС
Ԫܿӿ޼
һ죬ǰ뿪󷽶в컯ͷų
رǵµӡĵ֮أҲŲٿĵرı
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컯֡쾳ͷй棬ֻ֮ľͷһ㡣
бʯѱڰץУת֮޷ʱ顣
ȴһת棺֪ⱦʯ
ʵҡͷ̫֪㣬ϢǰԵӦòһϵʯĳһĵرӲ鿴ص䣬ҲҲһԭʦҪؽ׸ʦ֣˱Ҳû
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648 ͻ
Ӧʯ벻˼ԴѰҵıȻڷ̳棿˼
ڰҪһֱûȥѰҡ
뿪ռ䣬Ҳ˿
صЦڰֵӣȻʶҲ֪ʯ˱ǮҲ򲻵ϧȻǸͨӣԺرӸùȻһʱȥ̳ҾȼռƻȥӽͨƳԼǻգʦм֪һЩ
һʱٴ汦֮Լһͬǰħ䡣
ΪȻ棬ʼٶ浹ǲࡣ
ºħ䣬ԭܽһĪа档
Ҿһʹһȴһˣ˵顣
Īа֪棺ʦ֣˵ȥָħѰҶҲûϸϸʡ
飬ӦȥѰƬǺúϢһȻյǲȱԴȥʵ
ҹ˷ֱڴ֮¿ʼС
Ҳʼɴ顣
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ںһ̶ֻ֮ǿѪ׷׾𾻻شͷӿָ֮С
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Īа֮˵Ҳ֪ΪΣӦ˵õҹգҲһͬƽںϧһֱ޷ɹŪɳ׾δںոɾҵٴںϣ䣬ٶȣʦҪ
㿴ΧǼ죬ûȣһ뿪ʼ½Ҳˣ
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649 
Ǻڰ治򵥣Ȼ֮оۼָգٶҼԪԼѪ󷨣ԣԺ泬ңʵҲࡣ
ʱдοЦݣ˲ȥӡ
ٿԵΪħʿҲԪԼѪ󷨣ںϵѪħ֮Уֱӽʬץ桢Īа棬ʬ
ȥΪħ֮о֣񼲣ҲҪԽ
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ּ䣬һƬֳ벻и־ʯʯʯǧȻﵽ򣬲ݾ

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һ״һĵؿӣڲȻֲḻϢڿв벻ֵطȻ


650 ϲ˾
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ι½½ɱʮˣȻͻȻ²Ԩ桢£һֱ
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ιͻȻһӴУһʧȥ
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ҲӦǴ֮вιϢֻȥӦĴٴޱȡ
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ʱҪ֣ʯЩïʢӲݣ·Ӳ΢΢


651 ̽
ݣ
֮£벻ΧӲ˲Ϊ棬в٣ͻϮ

һƬħ棬Ӧ£˷䣬Ȼ߶¡һǰǾ޴ʯ
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֪̽ȴϷ̽Ǹδ֪ǲܵŵƨһҪõι֣ȥûΣҴӦģ
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ȻͻȻȼճһƣһͻף֣֮ͻںϣȥһɻ֡


652 ѹι
״̬оˬʩչƣҲ
ʱʵȫԽﵽ߶ȣͷųȼͻǲιȥ
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ҾֱܲӴ˫ͫ𣡡
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682 ѹŵ
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ͷаݣͷϢԽս
ñɶŽɸ֣ʮǿߣ־Ȼ󲿷򶣬һüҲضãֳۣɫɽǧﵽʵ򶣬綾
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Žһ氵иӦһˣǶ磬üŽɶ쾳ǿߣϰͷŽ󣬽󳤴ɣһſȻɱһ
ٶ֣ǷֿΧ˫ɱغڡ
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694 Ԫ
⻹࣬ھش٣ңǺǣҶɽѳѰɽʮϡ
ʿɽ٣Ӧһ£Ե٣ȴ䡣
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ָ֮ɱ֮ʣڴӿָ֣ӡ·ʹ¯һץһĨ
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ȴһᣬ˫ͬһ㣬ʱ䷢˱ըһŻ򣬱ըƻ⣬ԼƬ˷ɢȥ
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ÿһε߹ԪͨԪ񲻶ϲ׹Ԫͷ²ڼԪ󲻶ϴʵ֮䡣
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˵ԪԽ͸״̬׽ΪԪӰһ㼴ʧ
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ȥ鿴Ѫ⡢ء
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695 ͨԪ
˳֮עز棬࣬ԭΧӡӡ֮ǰʵĶ࣬оΪҳʿػࡣ
ӡӡҲͷ˿˿ϢϢزǧѪѪڲȼա
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۲ãҲδҳӡӡһ˿˿
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һһ͸ϢԼлγɵȫ
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Ҵ󲿷Ѫҽ֯һ𣬳ΪѪףȻһЩѪδȫںϡ
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696 Ϣ
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698 
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ӹһǮ֮µʽܷ⣬ϵܿҪ档
ÿٶȣŶã깦򣬾ӵеǮҾȥ㣡øȥ׼
ӵ븶뿪塣
ʱһɽ壬ˣŮ̵Ӻָܿӭӡ
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700 ӪȽ
ҲϤǴӶɭֵϻɼǮӻС
ԼϣһһǱøȥš
ʱھʣǮ߽󷽱Ժͷһ󷨽Χǡ
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͸ҵţǮӾͿ쵽ͷֺܲ˼졭
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Ϲݽ󣬼һҵӦ԰취


701 
Ҳڶ𵽰
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ںϹ֮УӷڲоؾһЩӡӡҲܵȫ߾
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뵽ԼǻաͨƳǻж׾ӡ˲󵼣ǰæˣǰһǵǰ顣


702 س
ҿҲĸ֮ȻΪһŮӣ˲ϣ󣿡
ӰȻЦСӣΪСɣҿ㵹ҲϣֻҪܾȳǸСŮӣԳְסȺ֣֤˳ӳɭ֣
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˾һ̳ź󷽣ɱһЩѲߵӣ
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ȻҪ֣ڣسȶ֣ܾܲȳͲðաסʱȿسкֶΣܾȳá
а֪壬Ȼ޷˶ԽչӪȡ
˿̣سǺĽ֮ⱣֲҲڸӦϢںδ
ԼʮϢͻȻʼӡϢͷŶΧյظϢ
гһ
һ
ϸϸһǲһɫﵣ
ﵳߣ棬вپϸͼڣоﵲһƷ


703 Ӥħ
س粻ᷨӳڴ֮ϣϢһ£ǰƯľɽơ
ӿһƣϢ֯һ
ҲüʶʦڶӲֶΣ棺Ȼںϵ˵زҲǶ쾳Ϊң޷ںϵ˳̶ȡ
ݣ
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˿̣ӷתȻı䷽


704 ־
ɱԲܿи
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س֮ǰ͵Ϯ£ˣ뿪ΧҪϢˡ
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Ӥħ̥󷨹Ԫ֮УᵽֻҪӤħ̥£ͿֱɶԷԪ񡭡
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ǿ󣬿֮󣬾ûʶٿڲͻԶɢȥ
Ӥħɡ
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ֻ·ͷԪӰƵزϴͷͷţҡҡλι֮У·Ҫȥؼ䣬Ȼֱ߶Ӥħ󷨣ǿڡ
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ԪУתٶԽԽˣͷҲԽҫۡ
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سʩչɱѽѷ֣һͷžһʩչ󣬵ں֮ͨУΧ籩顣


705 
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ߣ֪£Ȼ˱͵Ϯһ
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س߶ɱ־Χǧڣǿֲ쾳
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ǣˣ
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706 
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žͷⷽͻȻ״䲻ΪԼ˻ͻȻ֣ʮɱµڶҪ׷Ͻ
ʦã
سҲԶޱȵģǿΧ֣޷ɱΧ
ǻӣɱ⣬ﵽ쾳ݸ߶ȣǻյΧɱ£Խɱڽ󷽣ɹסʮ֡
Իӽ⣬ʱɱʮ׷Ͻ
ȫǷӡٶȹҲδӳԶɱѿʼ飬мǶ쾳ڣһֳɱȥ
Զһξ룬ֲ쾳ͷŵĻ̫ӣּ׷ɱŭ챾Ҫɱ䣬ɱԺ󱾻Դɱ򣬽𣡡
ۣ
һ֮࣬ӹȻʵͨ죬ƣ㽫ǻոƷ
һһŵӣǻΣ
̫˭֮£ӣʵֲ
ס̫ӣ
̳ߣʵ̫ʵһҪɱȥĻ̫ڰա
ǻձѪЦݣڲ£㻨̫Ӻ£

һ
س硢̫ɱͬʱ׷ʮס
ҪʩչɱУһб־£ɱȻýҪţʴֻ׷δ֡
ݣ
ԱͻأɱһŸ֣ǱʩչӤħ̥󷨿Ƶ֡
潣Ϊȡʱ䡣
䣡
ϧ
һͻȻɱһ̺ƾ˲飬ҲܸɱΪ顣
һ컯ӣǶ쾳ͷ֣
ѹ
Ȼ֮㣡
ЩŸҲһ׷ɱٶȻ䣬һ֣ΪƲڶϢͽڽס
ɶ񡭡
ɫ԰ף֮һε亹ð಻ľǱߡ
ಣ
һ̣һ˴ӽȥǰǶգͻأ̤Ÿƶ
档
һ£ûһͨİף䲻һͻȻץסΧƣʦ㡭
ڼŶ㡭˭
ӳȥ˵ͻȻһнͷӡϢ󲿷ֿʼ顣
ಣ
ʱ׷žͷ֮У˿Խ뽭·Ӻ󷽽ס
ʮɭɭɱһ붼żķ̳߲㣺һҲֻˣ
ôһ
ԶЩǿߣҲ뽭
濴׷ɱǿʯ߿գ۴ȣţͱһɱʹɣ

½ȥ·ͷץסӡǧ׿ռ䡣
ӵóȥ
ʱ˿̣Ŀ겻֣ɱʮͷ붼Ƕ쾳ڡ
˼һǵúõԼôһƥ򣡡
ĳطһ˫֮עһС
ҽûųȥ
һ󣬾һЦݡ
ǲһ
ͻȻ֣һץһ⳯ʮɱֱ

һ֮УʸɳΧǿֲ£ɱһ泤ۡ
һ
ɴ⣬𿿽飡
ʮŸ׷ʮ׿ռڣ˴ɱԽɱżֲмҲǿһһɱơ
ȥ
ִڶ
䣡
˼ʮžͷҲװ׿ŷɱǰƱû벻ǷȻըΧռ䶼ľ
ŵʮǱѣڴʱڶҲʱַɱЩ֡
˲ˣ˴ﵽ쾳̬
Ϊһɱ
ȥ·ǿߣǼһĻ鶼ɪɪƺҲŸݽ
֪ͬʱ߶ɱԵ⡣

סת⣬ɱһ
ɲһͬƽӴ˲䣬ըͲ׾룬ɱը桢һû
󲿷ֶаһħ
Ƕ쾳ͷ˵Ҫɱ䣡
ִһʮŸɱȥ


707 ٶ
ѻסƣһϣֻԿ塣
֧Ԯ߲㣡
˷ѴϢ򣬴Ӻ󷽾Ȼϰǿߣ컯֣֮ͷŹƱΧ쾳ͷҪ¡
ĺãͳͳ
ξȻɱüǰһɱϰǿߣɱﵽ쾳
գ֮Χ׿ռһըħҲһħһУռȫǻ
漸ըһӰ졢شʱ޼סԼ뽭޼ܿƴ󲿷ֻ徢
뽭籩֮һҶСۣƮҡʱᱻûڻռ֮¡
ͬΧЩŸǣһ뱬ըγɵĻɷ籩֮У籩̶̹¹ɱ컯ӡ
ϴ󣬴ǰӳȥֱһʱ֮У
ּڴ
ͷ޼ʱӦָҪ֪һԼ쾳ͷɱж£ΧȫԽԼ
ŸһڴʱҲ
ſֲ徢˳߶޼һԽ޼챻ɢΪƬ
ȻŸߣ
Χƻ籩֪ŵʬ壬ӷ籩֮г׹䣬ɱϰٸ֡
֮ǰ쾳ͷţҲֻܵشˣһһŴ桢սס
涸Ȼٶȣ¶Цݣƣּʮ٣Ҿɱ٣
κһŶ͸Ŷ쾳
ǵħ½ħھͷԵɵķƻ֮дħ棬ÿ
ݣ
ħһЦ˫ͫħⱬ£һɲǳ˷ХԽնȥ
ڶϢΧ̼䱬֮ǰϤˣγǧ׸ߵˣħٴλΪ籩
̾Ϣϴ󣬹˲ϢΧ֮顢ŵӣ׷ױɱ󲿷컯Ҳǣ¿ɱ˲ٶžӢ
޷õʬ壡
Ц֮󣬻ŽֳûߣȻŵӱɱ룬ɶ쾳ͷڣﲻʮ쾳ͷ
ϴ󡭡
ոռڷ籩֮зɱ֪ǽź
𣡡
ټ˲Ϣתɱһ޶
䣡
ǻվӺͻأɱӲӦɱȴ漰ʱ߶޼ס
޼֮飬֮桢ɡ
ǻճһԽ˺󷽣ʦãӣǺǣ֪ʿʵôǿ󣬵ӵд㱳оͷʶ뿪Ҳɱ㣡
ץסࣺͫǻգҾҲУ
ɲװֲƳ棬ֲ¸ַӡо綾ֻҿԸ⿪ΪҪߣһҪаȻһŵõȨҲмܻ
˷ʲô
ֽ󣬶ҿʼϽӡ޼ڣʮ컯ʼӡ컯ͨ޼ӳڡ
ˡ
ʱ˿̵棬һӿʮ컯ͷ
ǻץ쾳һƬ߿շ籩𿪣㱳ӦоͷҪԣСӡǽҾɥڴˣΪһŮ湻޴
ǻա
ħ籩֯Χռ䣬֮ң
Ȼ
ղаŵһǻգնԳ֡
ͫ纮ʯ벻ʦµӽ棬סͬʱǻЦѡ񣬶Ҳҵ·ҪߣһȡͷҪ֪ʦǺε³
ǻǿƣΪм㻹棬ʦ棿ЩΪΣΪ˵õӵеλֶΪΪԼѵд
ȻҲǹ䣬ǻգҲŷԼԭҲʿ
аʼ½ֶξһУ˵Ǳ˵ħͷħͷСӣǻҡ
ߣ֮ݣҶնڵ£


˸նԻ֮󣬲׾룬ǻմһӰϻӰһ𵴡
һ̤ɱ֮ʣΧռ䶼˶𵴣桢һ뿪


708 ǻVS
һĻǻƶ޷סͻȻ㲻֣̤쾳ʵܴﵽ쾳Ρ
Ҳͻʳһȭɱֿ֪ǻգҾӮһУҲȫ£
ⷬľͷ
˼ǰǻɱȭһ治ʾڴ߶ʮ컯ܣͨ޼ӳڡ
ҿǱ½޼Լ޼ռ䣬ȻǧǿҾõֶΣǻж޷սʤ
â֮£ҧȻӭŹȭƶȥ
䡭
ڶϢ
˹ӰâĿⱬ£ǻƶɱ֮УȭâȻɱһ
ȭ忪󷽽Ҳ˲޷Ӧ
ҰԵ֮£Ҳγɽ֮ƣԷɡ
ͻһɷ籩ǹҫ֮оһƬƣʽǻȭͷȭͷ
澹Ȼܿס쾳һ
ȻǻմһȻһʩչȶ쾳ʵȻпɽѵҲɱ
淴̣ǻһ˽ͬţıʦС˶ԣʲô
Ҿ·ǻ̫ƻ˼ܣɲɱһˣȥһϾͷ
ʱͻȻ˫ͫȭâХըɽѣը˲䣬㽫ֱӸɡ
ۣ
ǰһͷʮ컯ͷɵֿǻգʱǻմʩչʵɣҲ֮ǰ飬ΪƬֱ֮ǻǷѹ档
֮汻ɣܵ쾳ͷشЩƬپ壬Уһ̴
ǻһȭâָͻȻչץ߿գΪߣʵǿСӣ㱳һϹŶҲˣ˵ÿԼҲźĳͬţıʦ𣬶ͬŸϾɱߣ
ĻҼסˣ
һɾڱ״̬֮£߶֮תδӦץס첲һȥ
ٶȡ
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ǻգܸߣٶȣǻսʩչһӺȥ
ʮ컯ӳʵܴﵽ컯۷壬ȶ쾳ʵ䲻ǻն֣ʵ״̬´߶֮ҵٶȾܴﵽ쾳Ҫʮ컯ľ֮ǰӳ׷ɱ
ȻǸħ籩֮¡
֮˾һɹɺƣ滤ŽһĨӳ
ϴһЩ
֮ҲڰиӦΧΪָ·
ͻأǻյ𣺡ȥֲַӡ綾ԼƳ棬ûңӳȥҲ·һ
ţ󷽣Ɒ׾֮
ǻֵʦãαѰ·Ҳɱ㣬УͲʦȥԹԻʦֻúô㣬Ϊ㻯Ͼ綾
ǻգ
ҲƳ󷽣޳֮ԸһŮӣϷӡҲ͹ˣȻо綾Ƴ棬˿ȥ֮磬ʵޱаħ磬ҵųǻΪǿ伫Ψһ㣬ʦ棬ͬţ˶ҪıǾͲаħ
һ쿪ʼҲаħ֮٣ҴӲıѡˡ
ʱǻպ֮ǡ
ʲôãֻ뾡취ֶǿԼˣȥˡѡ
Ҫɳʮﺧ˻ռ䣬һߣϴ󣬳ӰϢһҲ޷Ӧ˵ʲôӦΪסţ¶ǺŪ˵ģ
Ӱȷס֣ʱͿԶԸǻգޱȽƻ
ˣ
ֳһƳǻվڰ׺ֻɱΧӻʱһøֲֶΡ
ӣҲ
Σ֮ʣͻȻǻգıӣӵʱڶɱ㣡
ǻռŭ𣺡ӣʦλרŴڲ֮£ȷǰɶҲǺ۸ģǻոӲŴģȻڲ֣ҪɱҲף


709 ʥ
Сˡ
Хһҷǻռ䣬ȻɱӰ

桢ˣּż쾳ߣʩչһƷƷӺ׷ɱ
ޱȣ漸һʶǼֶԸӣסûġ
ӹҲɱ˲ˣѪ
Ӱ֣س类ס̫Ȼޱǿ󣬿ҲԺܿž
ݺݵ߬ȭͷͻȻץб³Ӱ޷׷ҲҪֶζԸǻգҲҪŸ׷ɱ
ּæߺϴߣҲһɽǷֳǿߣͨƳϢԣмͨƳϢҪ޵žͷ
֧ԮˣҪ֪֮ǰ÷ɱپӢȻ֧Ԯ벻ͨƳҲˣͻȻ

ɱȥ
ݣ
ֻһƻơ
Ȼ¡һϤͱըӦǻʩչֶΣ飬ϧͻը
˦ڶŷûҪǻգԼƬռ䣬ڶ쾳ը籩ħ֮УסŴ󲿷־ͷ
ɺޣСҪץס㣬͹ǻշ߷߶ŭĳХ
ʮ⣡
ɽǷպȻͨƳΪ׵ǿߡ
ͨƳԱ߻ߣƺǷ̳̳һϢ̫ޡ
һߣΡȻХͬԮ׼ͶսϢ֮Ǿͻˣӻӣ츳ʵЩϹŶ࣬򲻿ɴ⣡
ǰˣ
е۸ߺԱһͻȻǰ
ͨƳͬʱһ纮һǡ
ǰƲ֮УһˣƮ죬ֲŮ
ֻǸ߿֮Ưţ·Ϊǿ߶
Ĵ໥ӣǾͨƳҡͷӦϢ֪εȻǵˣСģ
һüһŭպգߣǵ̣ܴ˭֮
ǱȻƬɽʼһ֣ǶŽɡɽҲ̤벽
һ߶ɱڡ
ţ
ҪƯ߿ա
գۼ䣬ҲӰӡ
֣ǸӦ⣬ǱȻһ֣ǾڣΪΣͨƳ϶Դɻء

ѰϢʱ
֪һƬ磬Ǹ߿Ĵϵ¶֮ɫΪ֮УȻʮƯ
һҲ棬Ŀ࣬ѰϢҲǳޣ緲һ㡣
Ǹ֣
Ǵﵽ쾳۷壬ǴﵽǸĴڡ
ɶʮʵﵽϡָ֣
ͨƳһ֮ͣ£Ҳǰһ
Է
һһ˫һᣬԵϢΧʼǡ
ߣ˭ǣ߼Էжɾơ
Ĵ֣һһ
Χʼ߶潣һ
ٸߺʩչ콣󣡡
콣󣿡
ʮغ֮У߳ˣͷͨӦһߡ
ǧǰʱŸֵǧ׽⣬ڲǴ潣ﵽĵƯ
ҡͷ䳰ʼ½һţ
ⷽһһߵŭºˣĪƲţ
˵ϡʥ̡֣ˣҪɱˣ֮еһЩʸ롮ʥ̡Ϊͨͽ񱾽ڷչҪǼ룡
ʥ̣
ͨƳһ
·֪ʥ̡һ㣬ͨƳϸ༸ּɵȭЩͻȻڰ˷½ͻȻ֯ʥ̣
Ц벻ʥ̵һʼ½Ƕǻ֪ǣ
ȻǸ˵֮еʥ̡
ⷽĴߵɫ԰ףһЩҲ
ߴȵǲʥǲǴ֮ǰ£Ƕẉ̂һǿߣŶԸҲѣ
÷ϻȻʥЩˣֻһ³쾳֮еӣͳͳ⼸쾳֣ʸͶʥ֮£
Բѣ
콣
Ĵ߱˴һȻ֪ǵý֡


710 ǿĺ
ɲ˽ӡ˴һϷٿ潣׷ױʼ֯һ𣬽ԽˣΧǧնڲ
Ĵǿ߱˴ףһͬߺĺɱǿߣִ߶콣ǵκδ½Ҳɿ⣡
˼겻֣Ҳ֣׽컯ʿǲ
һ
ᣡ
Ĵ߽ӡͻȻסһͬǰĳ
ˣ
ǧ׽Ϊһǧ׽â̫ˣһʵӸ߿ճǺն¡
ݣ
һɱâգÿռ䶼𵴣·ܽȻռпҳγǧ׹˳
Զȥ·һѽռ
Ĵ߼˽ڲ̾˽ȻͬʵǿҲֲһ
ǿ΢΢Կˣ
Ȼһֲɱһ̣Χռ䶼𵴡
ͻȻֳϷһץֻһȻʳָ׵ؽָ⽫޴¡
ײ֮ƣЩԺҲδκӰ졣
ǶǶ쾳ʿ߶콣󣡡
һ㣬ĮϷЦ֮󣬽ƿϷȻڰգһ
ѵѾ̤Ǹ硭
ⷽưһѻȸ
Ĵ߻عð亹ٴνӡϷǽٴɱһȻǧףһһ֮ࡣ
ʱ䲻࣬ûȥ
֪ͻȻڽʱֻһĨ磬ȻͲˡ
䣡
Ϸ޽ϣͻأ֣һָھ޽룬ǽǲһʼ顣
ִŹЦָ·ŵʧǵӣһָ
꣡
һĻָڸϷ
ǧһƬȻգΧռ侹Ȼʼѷ죬Щѷֱڰγɡ˺졣
ǡ
ǡˣ

ͨƳϾͫ𺳣˫ȶڶ¡
һһŵò֪룬ֻߺ
꣡
ۣ
ռ·һ㣬˺ڲеŵߣ޷һ
˺֮ͻȻγɣǾǶھ֮УռǾ棬Ѻ۵˲䣬ЩҲȻϳ˺ѣԴ˺ӱѳء
ӿʼѺ֮£˲
Ƭǧ׿ռ䣬Ǻĳ֮ͨ£岻羵棬Ҳһɽڱ
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ƯϷĺˣûһ˿飬ʼδб仯
ǿռڲͨƳַѾȫǴ߶Ҳֻһɿռ飬пռ䶼ںƿ֮£Ĵߴ߶Ҳһɱȥ
ŵڳѪΧӲ䣬Ҳֻܰװ׿ţ޷ֹ
ۿʣĴ֣ԼһЩֻʱһ֮ʥ̽ӣ⡢һɱðɣ

·ץסݣߺ
ߣĿﵽˣţձ꣡
˾ȻһЦתȥ
գۼЩ˷׷ʧƬռ䣬Ѻۿʼʧڲʬ׷ʧȥƿأӸ߿յ䡣
һĻ˼ǻĵӣ϶ͬѪؿŴʬ׹䡣
һ
ɶҲӳƬش
֮˶£Žڸֻ籩ռ֮С
ǻں󷽲ϻɱҪը飬ڼʱˡ
ߺϴ̫ˣ֪ôһ£ǷԮˣд󲿷䣬ֻʣʮ˻ţҲڿʼ룬ʱˣ
ȻڰУǳ֣˭ѵǳӰʵ赲ͨƳϵɱȻͷɱΪ֧Ԯĳֵܵ
̫ŭ
Ϣ·Ǽʱ꣬ȻǳӰ͵ϮţҲΪʵŵԡ
ߣǻաʮ컯Ҫù⣬ӳȥһץסʮ
û취㽫֪棬ǳ䡣
֮ǰûаմȥˣ
سǻɱȥ
ȫ߶޼ʮ컯ͬʱ֣֮ȼգں󷽷ը˲䣬űը̤˲Խַ籩
ǻȻڽʮըҲѲƤ


711 ƶ

κ֮
ʮﶼǻ籩һŰ
ӱԵͻأٶŽ
ǰǣ
Ϲ뺮ִӴ˿̱
֮󣬲һᣬϹݡϣӦ󷽣ʮһͬըǻҲϡ
˳ûϢȫʩչʮ컯ܣһ£ٳǵħȥ
ۣ
㣬ۿҪħ䣬ǽͻȻʹӣ̲ס³Ѫ
գͷιһŵҩʵѵǡǻڴ߷ڷӡʹþ綾Ƴڱ
޳֮ͽҪһܼһ󣡡ʹ࣬·ȫ԰ף͸亹
ʱҲֻţֿ󷽣ϴǻŸֲδʱ׷Ҳ򻨵̫سǻյԵʣȻһ׷ɱ
ħ䣬Ҹط
̫ŽɡɽڵϢȻӤɽΧյҲһЩñܿǣ
Щ̽ɱ
ûӦϢ
ĪǻҪ̽ɣ
¡
̫Ž̽ɱʮ꣬Ӧ˵һ䣬Ǿۼڵħ䣬Ҫֳ
ԼʱڼһЩ֣յڿԭѰһɽȡ
Ϲݸһʱ俴ô
֪ʱӣҧƤϾ˳һɹɷ˿㾪˿
Ƴ棡
һɶ·ͷðȼӦһֻ𶾣Ƥһ졢һ䡣
ҡʶҪʹɡ
ȹܲô࣬ҪҪھ綾Ƴ棬Ȼ
Ƴжа񡢿£̹ģҾ綾ҲÿʿΪ־
涼ȥΧӦΧϢ濪ʼϽӡ߶Ԫ󷨡Ѫ󲻷ͨѪȼΪѪ𣬻Ϊһƣ뽭ڡ
Ӧ𽥷ֽ״ж⣬Ƥ֮Ѫ֮Ув˿߰ȼջ𶾣ڷѪѪԽھ
һЩѪ֮Уȷ˿ִһЩĹƳ棬黨ΪֲһһǴԡ
ٲֹƳͷһùƳҪ֣Ƴһ콫ԵʳԵȥʿһнԻᱻƳԵøɸɾ
Ϊһڽһɹ鶯
ǹ
ʱҲ޷ֹӦ״˳ϴϷռڱһǿӡѹơ
ǿӡȻǻʩչ뽭Ͽռںϣʱʧȥ֮£ʼȫһ飬ýϴ֮Уȥ칦Ͼͻ˶顣
ٿԪҲӡȼճһɹɻԪ񣬹ֲýʹ

һЩ𶾡ƳʩչǿͨԼѪǿд֮а
㡢ҵԪռ䡭ҲӿҵԪ񣡡֪ǷԪͻȻ˵ͷž
·Ҳǵһ㡣
沢ŭҲܡ
Ԫһܣ˭Ըظ˿
Ȼʦ㣬Ҫ㣬ҲףƳ桢ҿƣڳԪӡ̫Ե
һȣһ䣬ɪɪȵҾҲҪ㶢ҵԪ񡭡ǻֶθܿһֻ𶾡Ƴ棬޷һ
ۡ
̫о֮ǰˣʱȫΪƻƳ棬ĸ
ӳǰһ꣬ʱһѪоʱ˿ȫľ״̬
㡭
ӵĽǻʧɫ԰ӿ־֮ɫܿɾ㵱𾪡
ԭ޷ѹƣͻȻɣڴشȫѹƻƳ棬Ҳ³
巴ٴθش֮ǰǿƱԴҲʩչѪħıò
һ̷ش֮£Դ޷ѹƣòҲʼ仯쾭޼ǾȵȾϢڿ񱩶
òѿʼָһ룬ʱǰӣûһĻ֪˫ֳҡҡλ𺳵档

ʶһнơӡ顢ʧòָʱҲһæ˹


712 ̹¶
ս޷ſǰϤףǡǡǡ㣡
ʶأĿ⣬ֻѪԼҩ
ͻȻʣٴУ㾿˭棬ң˲ΪθԸҵƿأԸΪкĿģ
ʦ㡭һʱ
˵һͣ˻ߡ
ܲ˵͵һİˣһͨʿֻҪûк֮ģûԲаŲ֮£ˣ
һУӣǻչǣ΢أҲٱڹ˵ֻѡƣͬžѣʦ֪䣬һŻʲô壿
ǵñң
֪ʲôˣĪ֣ͻȻһͨʿ˲ܰģ
ѵҲܶкøУȻƴ㣿
ûң˵뿪
˵꣬˫۾ˡ
ۡ
շһһѪ֮оȻһƳ棬Ѫɫĭ֮
󺧣Ƴǳأ
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У
벻ͻȻնҵȷ棬ҲȷĿǰŵӣ
ҡҡͷƭңŽŷ̳ꣿǲϸŷ̳Ǹӵʵͨӣ̶̰겻ӵϰΪ쾳ʵó쾳㵽˭ʲôĿģ
ʦ㡭̹ȻԣʦϢŭʦ㣬û취Ϊ֮
һʦ㣿ʦܣ⣿ﲻţҲǲаţ
ô˵ɣʦҲ룬ʦΪλһĹϢ
ԲҪ˵ף
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ӰĳطشѾͷ㲻ˣˣΪСӶҲҪһЩɻ󡣡
ȻϣӰڱӻаţ£Ǹһʱͷ׺ܶ顣
ӰĿڣղǶԻһѾͷûƭ㣬ȷʦյӡ
⡢ⲻܣʦܣ
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ǰ
ȻעӽϣһӷصĳӰȭǰΪλ֪֮£
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濴򶨣ʵҲǳԭӰԶ֮Уء
ٴ񣺡ǰȻҲδ㳤ͷۣǵֻۣԱ
Ҳ֪ԭ򣺡ǰһС
ӰȷûͷۣʦԪţ뱾ֿѣҲ֪ϵðŵŷգӻǣ
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ǰаŷͻȻϮǻͨƳϵˣֶʦɱ֣֣֮֮ȥһңԶ졣
ѵ
֮Ǳ½ʱʦ֣֮Ȼ֣֮׺֪һ·׷ɱ׺籩Ǳ½ŽϢʦ㣬뿪Ǳ½ܾ


713 Ϲ
ӰһΪʱ󣬻ǸЦԪ־֣ȻһΪӣǷ˾ܾ
˿̷泩ʣǰʦصʼ½֮أ
֮ͱǻͨƳϵٴ¶֣ŸãȴԪŻʦΪµӣڶɭһʱ䣬Ȱ˵Ȼȥµӣ뿪ʱĳи棬ϣܰ㣬ҲϣܱӻһҴӡ
ʦ治ףֻţֻЩӡ
ǰκ¶ĮģΨһ£ھʦԪǷţ
ţŵĳռ䣬Ҫ׼¾ţһΪҲŷϵء٣֮Ҫʵ»У
ʦ
Ϊϣ
ͫð⣬סﱯʹ֡
浹ܳסԪŴʱȻֻб֮иҡ
ֿڣǰóʦϵΪУʵΪβȥ
Ӱһ̾ʦ֮ǷǷǣһһǿǶȥűϷɽڡ̫ŽҶɭ֣ñܲΪǣ
ǴǿסŴ˭֪澹䳰Ц
ߣСӾʦ˵ǰ㣬б£Լȥȣɭ֣ԻסʣĲаŵӡ
ΪҲܰʦȳưɣ꣬һʦȳ
ĿԴǿ԰ȫ⸽ŸȻڶɭָǣע
ʱ⣺سǻӿ
ӰسΪˣڱӪȣҲʵǿŲҵӣԫһΪŴ󲿷ע˹룬ֻ֮Ҫڶɭ֣žóѣ
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һ˼ڶɭڲע㣬оȥԸţ
ʱӰصȻʧӰ١
ǳӰ֣
˭ɱŸ֣
֮˿ֳ񣺡ʦ㣬ҵĻˣ
˭֪ȻɫΪεʱһμң˵ݣ
νͣҴԶǱ½Ưȹ׺Զȥ½־Σʼ½ɽȴ֪ʦʦҲǻ볤ϡڶӱѣѡ񣿸⽫ҴаţҾ£Ǳſʼдʦ䣬ϣֶͨν̳ҲЩ겻ͻơǿչŻʶ
֪ڶӱѣˣʦس硢ӣҲֻѡݣһ㣬ܴκζǸã
ûǮЭΪצ
ûУ
֪ݣûթ㣿ҪЮ㣿
Ȼóٺôס죬˿ر£Ѱ²һûнҹһǮʲôֲǶ쾳ͷǶ쾳Ҳʰʦ㣬ǿºú˵𣿡˵ϣ滹еƣľ
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ϵʦأѱ𶾷ٶϲ٣ҲմȾϹƶٲѹƣƳὫԵԪʱʱ̿ܵӡգ졭
ǿƾܾԪҵӣܸһӿ
С
û뵽˾ǿ
վһϹ棺ܷգ𶾺ǰԵƳѻٵüԪҲʱʱ̱̿գȥܼʮ¡
ʵˣֻϹݡ
һϻ常ǿ԰ҲҪһʱ䡣
ͷˣϻ𶾡ƳҿԸ㶨Ԫӡ̫ǿ󣬴ﵽ쾳߶ȣΪ޷ƽ⡣
Ϲ֮ͬ󣬱໥ϹݶΪˡ


714 ͻ
ϹʼûЦݣæĮΪѹڻ𶾡
űɱˣֱɱˣǧӢҵþϻȥǮһɣˣóûͻһ˵
Χ
޼ͷż뺮ǿڰأҲ÷
ʱ˫һ֣ͨԪüķɳǰתһڽӡ
ֻͨԪſ쿪ʼΧҴ֮С

Ѵﵽ۷壬Ԫ񻹲һͻƶ䣬ǾͽʮһЩԪɡ
ӡ޼ͷһ˿˿Ԫ
ͨԪ޼ſͿʼԪҲڴ߶Ӥħ̥󷨣Ԫɡʮ컯
ҲɵҩѪȼţϱɱѪʱѿʼϡ
ƻȽأҲܵشϾǻʵǿ󣬶쾳ش
ʱ˿̣ԪһͬУҲ־ͨԪǿԪԼؾ
̫£Ԫ֮и绢ԪûԪطͻǳѣʿ磬ٲά衭
ͣ
Լһ֮
ͻȻӿһ𵴣澪ϲſ˫ۣƯǰͨԪͻȻҲʼ𵴣ӿһɹɽ
ͻˣ
ϲ֮࣬忪ʼžž飬ӭͻƣ
ͨԪδصԺӿͻƣȻתٶʮҲʡƬа롣
ΪͻƴٴΪԪ񾻻ʣҲɵҩ
ͨԪҲϾţڼҲΪֻܸ֣ͷŸྫͨԪԪɱ䡣
ûж֮󣬱ӭϤѪҲʼȼգɽ֮һͬӿͨԪ
ͨԪ񷢳֨֨Ǳ䣬ȻԪҽӡȼ»Ϊһӡǡ
Ԫ񲻶ӡǣһӡǽ֯ɸʵԵȡԪ֮ǰ󲿷ӡǡ
ԪŻָ̬ͷһЩϸӡҲ٣Ҳ֮ͨǰһһ֮ǰˡ
Ԫأٿطһءɱ䣡
ͣ
ʱزһȼˡ
һԭʮ˵Ѫȼ£ɱΪһͻһͷͷѪ
زѪдѪѪϻвٴ飬ȥٶȽ֮ǰΪֲ
̤䣬Ԫ仯ΪԣҲ֮һʵӰԵ컯۷֣һЩͻ䣬ʱҲѹ컯
ͷŸӦϹݣһΪ𶾡ƶ
ҵΪʦ׼һЩ߽ѪָԼʩչѪħ컯־ѪϷ֮ƳɼѪ
ѪϹݣֽʱڵħ䣬Ȼſ
Ϲûκ桢ʩչ֮ħ䡣
ɽţ
Ѳߵӱǰ಻١
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壡
һЩŮɽǰӭӣһ棬Ͻ˵ˣˣŷ£ڶɭ֣˲أҲɳһЩӣʼڵΧѲߡ
㴦ЩУˣĿɻ
ˣҹ㣬˵ĶˣǸĹһΪˣҲɥڶɭ֡
û£ȥæɣ
صϢһ
ڶʹƷ潣ȥر죬ｻ磬رȴɰޣӡ
ִ汦ϵ
ȴòŵõͨƳͬ⣬һͨƳԺܲˣϷȻ
񣺡ϣ´ȥԸаţõҲ룬ԳϰٵӣΪЧ
ֵȷʱõ㣬̳ǿ߹֧ԮʱǷ̳ԼѹãʱͼӪ壬ú̳ʧǧӢҲһٶˣ߲ӡ
ͨƳһĵǴҲˣҪһЩ񡣡
û°ɣʲô飬һȥ죬ȻʵôԳϿĹ


715 в
úΪʱǷ̳ҪӪÿЩӡ
ڿƷ潣ϣȥ̳ر죬õһЩ߼ط˵ڰڣƳƷƷ汦
УȻ׳־ʦһȻȥ̳һʱ䣬Ҫ˺ûᣬΪÿ̳ӣȥ̳УǸ߼
лЯ
湪ȥ
Ǯֵˣ
뿪ϵһ£ǻ壬Ǯϵ
ǮʱڵţߺһŮӴӵš
һʵһңڡ
ڣǮ˷棬ţǮʧأһȥأڶɭִУҲ֣֣
棺а˱£̳̳ʧأ
Ҳ̫ҲǿԼܶԿţȻӡس硢ԫЩˣʧأҺڲòκ񣬷һȥĻ˵Ҳ촦
Ľʦ֣
Ҳ̫ĽңΪȻ˸ߣԺҲù
ΪΣ
ߣžͻ뾡취ٴȥԸаţ˶ұȻǺ֮ǣʵ̫࣬һкӹ𣿡
ʦκҪʦܻᾡ֧֣Ҫ˿ûˣ嶼ӡ
֪ǴͨƳڷ̳صԺǰ;
ΪҪң
˵Ƕ̳ӣȻƿط̳ʼ̳һңֲ̳̳ӣʴ˴ڷ̳ոʵȨԺܵõã
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ʲô֪ģǮ˰졣
塣
ڣ죬һУһ߿Ǯ
ǮҪ£˭ܿ϶췢裬һӽݶдĦţǮһٴΡ
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ⲻեȡ̳
˵̳Ҳ󲿷ղа̳뾡եȡаŵ̡
Լº̳һ̳һɭֳ
;л飬ΪҲ塣
һ˾ǮСܸ󣬽ƻδȬ

ڻи߲㣬̳ĸ߲㾹һ뻹Ҫ̳࣬ĳϣԼŵӡ
һŵӣȻǻ
ҲЩƣس硢һսҲһˡ
ĸ߲㣬󲿷ֶδҲһμʵ쾳ͷȻʮˣüϢͨƳϡǻһ
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Ϊ£һжգٿǻ̳ЩǰλҲ·磬˵ֶΣõô
壡
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ûѡȥͨƳϡǻն޲뵽棬ϣһǰȥɭ֡
ҲǳǮѻᣬ˹ڷ̳ȥɱ
֪ҲҪȥɭ֣Ϊ̫أɢҪ֣Ը¡
ǳˣæȻ⡣
ǰǰ׼֪꣬ͨ棬һЩ̵ӣҲУһٶ˷ǰɭ֡
뿪ǮҲ߶̳ǿߣԼͨƳϣƶص㱣Ҳ˱ġ
ǮѴͷ˵ξء
ҲʼϵߺܿӦϴ󣬽ƻָһЩͲǶ𣬹Ҳǵõжס
ˣӦòȥţȥаŻϣٿɭ֡
׼⽭ƣȥҲаš
ŮǶԲаޱҳϡ
ɭΧһڸԭ֮Уһŷ̳̳ӣȻˡ
Ǯֲμӻ飬λϣ̳֣ԼǻյŴζԸаʧԭҪɭⷽҲǳӰԵʡ


716 ɱ
ٸӰţ亹ֱðη塣
Ҳ׼öԸӰ³ӰͲŴж
׽ţ֮Ǯ߿ˮ
ǮԽԽã˶Զɭ˽̫ԴŴǿɱУҹħڹִҲԿ⣬ʱǮһ˫۾γ
죬涼ѰʱǮ
Ǯ棬Ҳġ
ҹ£ŮһԷ̣Ǯֵ淢ɧϵܣ֮Ҫż֣һɭ֣ӡس硢Ǽˣͷʼղ
治мŸֱǿһ쾳ͷ
ɭǴӰ̣ǳӰͨ󣬱³쾳Ӱȥ٣ҲԿ⡣
Ӱ
ȴ֮иӿ£ڵħΪռɭ֣Ϊһ¸Ǻܼžٶȡ
Ǻǡ
ŶǮɧ氵⣬ˣǮҪ뿪δŸֳȥǶʱ
棬㰵пɭ֣ҶǮŸϢҪȥɭˡ
ϴģ
뿪֮ƻţ׼Ǯ֡
ΪɣǰҸҪȥħѰұͨƳ˵ǼʵôҲͬ뿪
ɭ֣
֮ϹݡϹ档
ϹݱʽʦΣ
Ϲ캮˲ҿҾ綾棬ԼԪƣҪܳʱָܻûΣա
ȻóŴжи֪
˭뽭ӷ𣺡˵ǮҲˣ
ˣŸɭ֣Ѱŵ㣬ǱڶɭΧ׼ǮҪģŴʮ쾳ͷ
ҪɱǮҪԼͷأҪϣ˳
ִ߷߲ƽŭȡ
ƻδָԸǮаգ֣ӦȫԸǡ
ǰѽ˴žǾߣѶɭַһգҲҲ䣬ʱڻӵ˰£ƻָܿ죬֮ҪһǮдһ죬Ҳаžа֮գ
С
߲ǰ򣬶ʦ֡ʦԫҲڣõǡ
ǳִţֻдӦ
Լ֮ѸӦϢŴȥӭӡ
ڶɭһƬϿȣһڰյżˡ
һۼŮ״̬֮ǰȫˣָһϢҲﵽ״̬
иΪˣǵõĳ־ɣơʵõ
Ϲǰ񣺡λ㣬лϴγȻζɥȪ
ǽ㣬ֻǹỤ̊һжǹ⣬лû壬ûй⣬Ҳ֣֪ϹݾɫӦһ䡣
ʵһ̣߲Ըš
ʱ漰ʱϹݻ󣺡ģʦͲöлʦ㣬ӦãǻζԸǮ
˺󼸲Ǯ컯ΪһЩ컯ֶΣؼΧŶ쾳ǿߣҪɱˣֻһָ֣ǿг֡
ףʦʵ쾳ͷ
ڻָʵӦⲻ󡣡
ãŸҪΪȶ潫һЩߣȥ㣬ȻҳֶԸǮԼ֡
һΪʵҲȥ쾳ͷɱ
һ˾
Ǳ죬͸ӦʮŶȻǮ֣쾳ͷ棬м컯ǿߡ
Сģһ뺮Ϲȥ
ԭأǰǱ롣
ںϸӦۿǮ֣ʩչرԴǾ
׼һֳǰȥһ
ͨںͻȻǮваϢӦŵӽǰ
濴ȥǮʮּӿٶȣǰϿȷȥȻǽͷϢЩ֡


717 Ǯ
׷ȥһᣬʮֳַ쾳ͷŴ󲿷컯ֳһ׷ȥʣ˱Ǯ֮Ƕ쾳컯
ʵȫԿ⵱κθ֡
ʱϴٶҪſ죬ƺ֪ͨţһ㹦žǿɱ
÷ɱ䲻⣬Уʩչ͵Ϯ쾳ͷƷ͵ϮҲˡ
ţ
ͻȻһǱϿƶˡ

һץָһﵽ쾳˷Ҷƴ
䣡
ϢǰϿ϶ˣ֯ɵƺըǼ߿ա
֮˴˲Ϣըâ֮⣬ٴδ쾳ɱɢ񱩷籩֮С
޼
˫һ֣޼£˫üΪɫ˫ͫȻΪȼһ󶦡
䡭
ڲ춯صЦЦɱУ͵Ϯ쾳ͷ
һ쾳ͷХһаٳ룡
˫һץȼջڻⱬըԵ
գۼ䣬һϤӰһ쾳ͷƳǮһ쾳ߣǮˣˣǺҲʮǱľ
䡭
˸ոճˣֱ淽֮ʣϷһȼջ棬ɲʮɾ޴𶦣·ѹ
ǰһΪڲڳʱʱ־ͷź¡һ˴ը𣬻ײ˶ᣬȻ˲ըΪҽǿֲ档
ϧսüûܴﵽҽ״̬
ಣ
һɱһǱ쾳֡
ɲƻץʮȼͻ߶δסΣѻΧ
һͷͻ֮УץסһӰʱ߿գڻ֮ϣȥ
뿪֮ǰֻһ
⡭
쾳ͷˣ׷ɱȥ֮ʣըûټ
ϴ󣡡
Ͽգһ
𻢱ץģʩչ֮šһϢǮ޼ٴߡ
ߣǮҲһɱ
Ϲݴ
ע
ֱӷɭ֣ϹݡϣصҪаŶԸΧɱ
һʱħ䣡
Ѱһܵ¶ߣϹݸӦΧ
ʱǺ࣬ʮ컯ʬǵʳ޼潫ʧȥԪʮ컯ܣ׸桢ɡ
һץ֮У޼ӽֱѹƣŵһϢǮ
ЦǮͬţкѣҾҪɣٴͻһ磡
󡢸Ǯڼ֮Уæ
˭
߶Ѫħ֮ûģ
棡ɪɪһš
˫ּüͷһ⣬ԪƯ޼ϷǮԪϣɴ󷨣
Ǯͷ棬ֵܣᣬᰡҿԸţɱңдʲôĵطҲ֪һ
Ҿ͸㣬λӣҪɱ޳֮
˵ԪͷŸҫ⡣

ܿͨԪҽӡͷԪӡ˲ץסǮͷԪ
ͨԪƯǰǮλã˫ִӡҲ̺Ѫ󷨡Ԫ
ǮţͨԪҲͷǮԪһ˿˿
ۿԼΪԪ񱻻ɣ԰׶㾹㾹ӣ桭㾿ʲôˣ
汾ɵҩ֮ʩչѪħںԪ󷨣ָǮץȥ
ܿǿƺǮڣѪ⣬̵Ѫ
ɣ
컯Ѫһ̣Ѫ˿ҲδԷѪγų⣬ѪȼոӰԵزһͷͷͻѪҲȼճ˻档
Խ䣬ԪһǮ컯Լǿ
ǮЦΪһ˽ͬţ˷㣿컯ΪԪʵұܸǿ󡣡
ħħͷǮʱ棬ȫħȼգŵü


718 
ǮʶԪ񲻶ϱɣɫԽ԰ףþ΢΢˫ۣƯ汾Ԫǰ
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719 ɼ
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720 ̳
䣡
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721 Ȼ
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722 ̳
ڰ޲ڣڷ̳ǵ£ۼ֤ɹַ𣬶ǳ˸߶ȣȻʵЩ㣬ȴ֮ô죬̳Ҳǵ£ӽڰߣһͬо߼֮
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723 Ϣ
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724 ǻټ
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вܻааҿֱԼһԪ㿴Ʋ꣬ؾȻҲᱻ鿴жᣬǾ汦

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аɣմȾа־ҿû㣬˽ʿ࣬һҲ˰㣡
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ͬʱٴͷѪһ𻢡޼һ֦¿ɺãЩ֦ȱ𻢡գɢа޼ֺɱȥ֦顣
֦𻢡ڰմȼգǰպܿγһƬ𺣡
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۵ùǺ综һ󲡣ûټְ㣬һҪߣ
ίʵҵСģӡ
ֹȥһᡣ
Ϲմһһɣ˲ڸ߿̿ܿγϰ׸
оӡ֮еŮӣӵϷͻȻζһɹɷ籩ӰдƶаС

չӡ÷ʧȥһ⻷
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Ŵڲ֮е̧ͷ䣬ӦϹΧӿ
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ϷǴӡҲǸԼ⣬һӳ֣ͻȻΪɫȼճϢԻΪһƬ磬ѹ֮С
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Ϲں󷽸߿պȵжֻǿûϵӡƣȥҵаռֻѹһʱұܳ־÷ӡȥ
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ʱһսʤž޻ݺޱռ䡣
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ŮţͻȻ棺˭ңҴ
󷽴ϹȣСģñԻ
Ůӵƺ˻ƣʱȴԽγ𵴣ң˭Һʹ࣬
治֪ΪΣٴοŮӣƺԼǰٸŷӡ
ָоŮӲ˵ͷаԽŨңʲôʧ·ֻԼŮӡ
Ӿ֮£һжôʵŮڣӾͳѾǰ
һַֻͷʱ漱æȴ֣ʹࡢоһƤ
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һб仯̫ˣҲ֪£ͻȻ飬Ůͷ
ӡ֮ûбκ޷ʩչ
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ۿ˲䣬ŮӾҪһִֻؿڣͻȻԺ𵴶Ϲ֮


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һֻֻѪǧ֮࣬ڷӡ
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һᣬһɹаڱѪһ̣һֻֻԭаʼڷɣǿҪѪը顣
Ͼֻ䣬ﵽ쾳߶ȣͨѹƶ쾳
аֱҪһֻֻѪɣ˫ͫڴ˼ֱϽɫ档
ںԼɫʯһѪа
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㾪ϢɿҲܾʵѪаɹҲϹݸ׽ƣ
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738 һ
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ܿҲѪǴ߶洫ĽѪħԪ󷨣һ
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ϱڣϡȫڱڣͨԪҲ֮Уȼ״̬
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ԪѪɴ󲿷ԪִͻȻɳҲһ̽ͨԪͷų
Ưڰ֮󷨷İԪںϡ
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ͨԪԪںϵ˲䣬Ӥħ̥Ԫ뱾Ԫںϡ
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ںһӣְһԪ󷨡
ȻʩչӤħ̥󷨴ѪԪ񣬳һ£ַɳ뱾ںϡ
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ںһԪڲ̺Ԫ뱾ںȼճ涼۵Ļ档
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ͨԪ뱾һӿȼջ棬նžžһը졣
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ͻ֮УֵҪʱ̣ڲǰԪض顣
硢桢ͣɣȵԪ³Ԫ缢Ұغ
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İԪ񣬺ȻϿգϹ棺ҪҪһɣһѵõǿᡣ
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740 
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δȥӦж仯ֿʼɴֵԼԪԪ
硢桢Ҳںһͬ
ҴʱٿŮӣаԪѪɣһǰʮŮ徫Ҳһɡ
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һʱɣ桢֪ʲôʱǵԪҲ뿪ҲһߴСƯŴԪ
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ͻȻϴһֱԪ񣬶ҲǵһԪ뿪𣡡
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741 ޼̫ڸ
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Ϲݵ˵ħϢϢǰƬյأ˵ǻʼ½ۼ֮ء
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742 ʥ̳
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ܿҵѪϢԴһ·ʮʬ壬Ȼ컯ˡ
Щʬ˿ڣֻüһѪϸһƣǱϸһ˲ϢüġԪ
翴ľսƶһ˲ε˲Ϣɱô컯֣һ쾳Ҳ

Ȼ䣬ǰɽƺһƷ
ʧɫ֮ǰŵѪϢȻЩ˲ãһ
˿ΧæϢȥ֮һЩ·
ԼڶϢ֮һкˣʮ˿أл˵Ķ쾳ͷЩƷ
˼棬˸˽룬ǺۺϿһֻѪɫӡǡ
һ˶쾳ХȰǱ𷴿ֻǰװѰʥ̶Կû
Щ˾ڰ˷½ʥ̣
Щʥ̸ֺ쾳ͷҲѹҲһٴμʥж
һ˺ȵֵܣֻܶ½֣ȱ𶯻ʼ½Щ֡
꣡
һϢͻȻŵʮʬ壬ͷŷջ档
һ߾ʬٱٻʥ̸Ѻ쾳ǿ߷߿ա
ˣʥ̵ȷӰ١
˲߳ʮʬǰĶһЩιǻҰˣκƷҲδ¡
ʱһħǿӣ԰ð麹ϴҾ˵ʥڵħ֣ΪޱȽţξײȻ£ʥרץǿߣ׳Լʵ
ܽʮĨɱʬ𼣣ʥ̵ȷ򵥣ǲҪǱãΣգҿǻعţŵȥɼðգϾôֿΪڻ룬Ҳʧȥ
Խյأ;ĸָԽԽ࣬ǰ컯ѼһܸӦ֡
ˡ
ۿҪȥ㣬һӿ춯
óһ΢ЦͷŷڲʦܣʦڶյظҲڣǼһ档
ӣ

ҲˣػӦһ벻ҲڲԶŰܸϹ
˾ڰȴţץסУȻʮ֮һܶʡ
̤棬ӦǾˣһУиϢҲܸӦ
֮ӵд½Դ챦ܽΧ󲿷ָϢƣǶ쾳Ҳ˳̶ȡ

֮УӰ
ʦ֡ʦ㣡
뽭˶ϢıòڹϢȴܲ
СΧϹ磬磺ʿ˭
ֶ쾳ͷµȷ˼ܡ
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·󷨣òªϢͨϹݡ
Ϲָ˶Һ˷š
ӴʱѹߣǱʦյһȥӦţǻաͨƳ϶ˣŻԼüҲڣγǧӢ


743 ½Դںǧػɽ
붫Ƕɼ־ڱصá
ɻǧǱȻ컯쾳Ӣʦ֡ʦӦڶɭٰ֣ɱȥǺã
ʦԫ򣬲£ǰռ˴ˣʦܣ㣬һ㹵ͨ㣬һǸһ㣬Ӧ֪ʱͷżͫ⡣

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֪Ƥһⲻǡǧػɽ
ͶĿ⣺ȻǵãǴǽ㵱ŵץס뾡֪ͨǣ㣬ǴŸһϢͷųȥʧȻأǵǱŲףǾͽһƷǳ˵ãרƶɣӵкܾ˵ƷʣδԲںʵƷʡ
ȷ
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ԼԵһμʶжǧػɽ벻ջԼС
ԡ磬򣺡ǧػɽ̺ҪԹΪ̺󡢻ϵȵȣʦ㲻ʱգܽںϡ
ҾͶлʦ֡ʦԼϣ㲻ֻаƴСǧػɽڡ
һ䣺ҲҪѹ֣þȳʦ뷨
֮ǰǴαװɢޣͼһܲܵõԵȻһѹ֣·ǿ̫࣬ǻصţžһҿԸѹŸ֣˵ܵõ
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ʦ֣ʦҲǻ£ǿʦӦϣѹŸ֣Ǹã
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ǾиӦʱʱ̿ϵҲһ£ʦܣֲ¾綾ڵΪ㻯⣬ȻͻȻš
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ҲһϻӪ뵽ոյõǧػɽβȽںϣ
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Ȼһ˿˿
һɾ˷ӦϤϢǰСɽͷŰԵ
һ
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Цţ뵽ѩ֪ǧػɽҲԼУøҪɱ
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ȷӦٻϵƯڲɫ԰Ϊ
һμҾ뽫½ԴҲƳΪһɽһΰԵ
һںϣ䣬ںһƷҲס
Ҳֻж쾳߷컯Ҳ󲿷ʩչ汦߶Ҳܴ߶֮һ
Ưڷ󷨺󣬺ȻɫԽ壺½ԴޱȼӲǱ½꾫ɣӵ֮Ƕ쾳ҲԽ˹屦ƳΪص֮жδ¼½ԴƳΪӲ½Դһֱã̤쾳ǧػɽڲںϣԺǧػɽҪ޼ֻ룡
뵽˿ԥԸ
߶˲󣬲ٶΪ̬ƿŴ½ԴܿӾģӿǧػɽڲ
ԭ½Դһɽ̬ںǧػɽڲоԴģƯ͸ź֮뷨û˿ų⡣


744 ʿƼ
½ԴڿԵʹá
֮ɫԱͷӴںϡ
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֪ͨ硢Ϲݺ˽Χģּٽ뿪Ƭյء
߿֮УϹݺȻٶȣҾǲǸöڰУɸð㣿ڶƤ£ʩչʵ
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ףôˣ򡢱أƻʼ½ᴥʮӢɼ
˵ܿӪīȵµ֪Ҳһ
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ҲһֱɴУʵҲһֱڽУѿʼ컯
컯
֮УţʼûдУʵʱѪѪɱ䡣
ֿһʼһԼϣϴѪҲڷȼա
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ͬʱӵ󷨸еЧҲӵ޷ӵе£صԣ컯һ򣬿ȫڿռ֮У˲ʧǳֻ֣˲䱬ƣռ䶼Ϊͨشӿˡ
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ռô컯ϢȻǰЩ쾳ǿߣ컯ǿߣ֪ĳ֡ʧ
оٶȡޱȾˣʱ޷̫ףԭǡ򡯵Ĳ
̤컯ȻӵͨռУһЩȻһ˶ӵ컯֮ܣ󲿷컯ǿ֮һЩһֲ컯
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ȭͷ춯Ժַ︡ѩģ̹컯ѩá컯֮һûһֻèҵңҲ
ԭ컯ԣһҲİ
˵ǿ̹ģԸȥһĻ


745 ɼ
ص¼ǰо磬ǻУ컯ͨҲ̤Ѱҳ֮·Ϊ컯͵ڳΪһǿߡ
ʱһ˽컯
ȻжԭǺ紫˾ۼ׼
ҲӲԶӢҲ׼ʽ
ΧҲڽǧӾۼ֮һ¸ԵӣüųϣʵǳǿͨƳϣֻǻա־ţЩеһȡ
ʱ׳һĻԼԼһƯְգһ֧֧սӡ
Һܿ춼ȥҲӦٺϢŽĶǿߣҲֲΧ
˺ƺƵǰУδͷŶྪϢﶼܸӦӢҲֻѡܡ
رʮ֮УΪںī˺󷽣ǰǺ硣
ϴԼӷ籩֮ɷԽڰһĿɷһЩҲʼΧ֣Ҳɵ˴ǿߣ׿
һ֮ǰͻȻʧȥɷֻкƺͬڸ߿ա
ΧοƵһͬľ캣ˣȻһЩ̬Ƿ棬Ǳĳɣ³Ϊ״̬
ǺԽԽߣֻһɴγɵĴ죬𺳰Ƿ
һŴ죡
Ǿɼڡ
׳ۣ̾ΪֹɼһŹ졭һ̶Ϊ֮Ƕ컯ǿߣҲǵһɼ
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ٶȲ̫죬ΧҲһɹѰٶȳɼ£

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ոأһ߲㴫Ԫ񣺡ζҶҪһΪǰЩмʴʯˣ
˳ǰȥȷһЩ֮Уšվһ̣࣬١Ķǳ¡
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ΧЩɼڲ⳾мòϿԣҲ
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ܿʯ˱һϸ΢磬ԼһЩӡۣ
컯ǿߣϧȻ֮»


746 С
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ʱһŵĻŲѣְ뽭ϵ˺ܿӦҲ׼ɼ

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ЩȻһؾɵľӡ
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⣬ʶ
֮ȴ˫üһ͸ż棬ָּɫ


747 ѹ
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աעΧ֪»δһ̻ᶢϣȻûкӹ
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ȴϢʼģ𡢱ҵԪ˵ʲô˵ǡ̻Ǹ֣ף˵ֵǧƷʯһ׽㽻ǣǧƷʯΪرְһǧܹǧƷʯԹһҲŶԡ֣
ǧƷʯ
缥Ц̻ỹǲƴ֣һһ㲻Լ


748 ѹ
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棬۲ʶ̩ɽ벻ǿ󣬲ǵʲôҲûʼģһеϷ
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ƼӿٶȣԴ𵴣ԪϢ֮Ϊʧ
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һΪֲӤħһһӡƲ֮󣬱Ӥħ̻ϵ
ƬϿȶѲú壬ѹĵһ߲㣬̳ӣԽκνأΪҴʦ䡭
ԭԸ̻ᣬԼײٴɨһǿߣѱԽ
Լ֮ʮӰӷ𽥷
ǿϿʱͶڰֳ֣ڲȥ
̻һȺ˲δжɣԼϿйӦҲ벻Ż̻ŻҴɱ̻ʮ֣

ʮ֮ϿȣǧףһƬʯϣƯԱ߳һâ
Ϣһ֣̻ڸֻЩš
ɵ汻ӡ֮ǲŷɣֵߺʦֺţ׮죡
Įָ棺ҽ˽֮ǰҵ̻ᣬΪοһһͨʿһֵǮ
쿿Ǹֱȭͻ֮Լֵܼ¡
ߡ
ƿص棬һЦ
ƳƷٵس̻ȥ
ᣡ
ͬʱΧм֮УԵХ
󷨺ۼϿȰո֣һ˫Ƭո˲
ֻ̻׼ƿ棬ɴʱɫ䣺ó󷨣
žŴҡ
Ʊ棬ʱѱ̻ץӪ֮С
ҲһɲǼ䣬ֻͻȻ˫ɿʮ޶
žžž
޶·ƾ֮֮б̻һûѪƷ

桢Ӻڰ֮г֣мʵ컯۷ǿҪʱ׷׵һʱɱ
ЩɱһдôʱƯڰգ˫һᣬϷ׹һɽǧػɽơ
ϵͨںǧػɽͷųľͨһǧػɽ
ϴ֪
Ʒʱ亮ͱ͵Ϯһ֣ɱǱˣڰͬȹϡ
ɱ󷨣ȴ簵ͷŵΪһɹɹħ棬һʿס
㡭
ȴһǱսĸǰ
̻Ⱥǿߣ𺳵벻ʵ֮ʮǿ˳̶ȣ
ڿʼҵĿܣͽ޹ģƿأĮȻ˵꣬ͷŲٻסˡ
𻢣γɵ𲻶ȼգ֮ܿ£ʧȥʶ
ѹʮ컯֣󲿷ֶǵͽλֻ˾ﵽ֮ϡ
ʣЩõ飬ҲҲһ
˲Щս֮潫ʮ޼ռ䣬ֲӤħǳɻ
Ҽͻ컯ʱٷǳֲҪΪ֤ɼ֮УǿܻΣգѹܣҾÿ߶Щͷ֡
˵뷨ޱ
һصӪ֮УΪҺúôɼϢֽͷų
ǰǸˣǱӤħƣֻһʶʬⱻơ
Ӥħпƣ㳯ԶʯǷȥ
ֺʣˣǲҪѹŸô
֪һЩŸλãȻЩˣԸ̻ǿԸǣ
д㣬뽭ϵ˴ʱȻûһ㶯
ȴ£ʹϢŸԽǴʯ֣뿪Ͽȡ


749 帣ʿ
벻ɼڲռ˺嫣ҲʹϢڲһɱ֮ǰǿʮĳγɡ
ǳǿʮɱ컯ǿߣ
˼æѰһɽʮϢǰɳʯγɵĺˣΧ淭ɶ
ÿֲǰдţһЩʯҲǳ˲ɷĩҲ֪ɽܼܲס
̣
ʱû˴ɽ˾Ǵ⬾ţʯڳ֮лΪĩʬ塢Ƿų籩ӹһϢ
Ƭʱնں¡¡֮в桢ȻжֲΧضʧ
ԼĪ󣬷籩϶ǻҳоΣʱվһɽʣɶһʯɽ徹Ȼɡ
̾Ϣˣ˾ˣǲɼͿ
Ӧˣȥᷨ潣ɢڷУȴһ۷Χ벻ʮ潣ɢΧ档
ֿж

֪ӰͻȻӺ󷽳籩֮һХô෨ǵģ
ͻȻֹü쾳ͷ
Ҳŵһ԰ףǰˣǻ뿪Ϊ
ֳּ쾳֣
缫Ϊתߣװ׿ЩЩ쾳ͷȡ

ǽ棬Ϊγɴ籩벻˻δҲϷǼӰ֡
⼸ӰǶ쾳ͷǳʱǸ߿շ·Ť˸ʿƯ֡
ٶȣҲΪٶȻͨ˵˿Ȼռ䣬ӵ֮ͨ
Ƕ쾳ͷҲһȻ
ʼ½ʿһһ컯
ܶղǹɳʵס
ʵòһһۣ缫ΪͨŮ
ȻأЩŮöӢ죬ŮӾ续
氵潻ķ½ʿ
Ϣǻʼ½ͷ棬츳ͨգʮа˾ǡ½ʿǶ쾳ʵһ쾳ǿ̫ࡣ
½󸣵֮һ帣ءڴ½Ҽǵ޼ڰռɳ½ӦòԶ
ɳ½Զ½ģܴɳ½࣬Ȼʼ½ҪһЩϴõЩˣʵ̫ӵʵ
氵ѡ
帣أ
󸣵֮һӰ򣬸֡⼸벻½˵Ҳ帣صӡ
ٴοԶӰ̾ϢŮ֮ɫѩҲضãһµӣҲһӹӣӹӸӲϢȻ˱
ֵϴЩ˻ᵽӹԼ¹
ӹӣ¹ϸ
㵣ڻļŴ½ţӹӣİ
ԭЩ½ţһѰԵһ뵱һЩžۻᣬ˵ʲô񡯾ۻᣬŵϡ񡯣ӹ¹Ҳʼ½ҲѰԵ
񣿡
ˣ
ոշ˾ʧӰ١
뿪ҲǿɶӲӣһᣬʹ̻ǿԪ֮УǿѰҼ䡣
Һҵ䡣
ԭڵ磬һֱһŵİ񵥣ǧһ½¼񣬵ÿʿ룬ÿǧһЩţеذ
ܵǵذߣǾţߣǶµ
ʱ޼ռִҵϢҰ
֪ͷԪ޼
Ҫ֪ҼС㣬ǽ񣬶֮µĵذСǧ£̤ذ񣬼п󣬳Ϊ
ѩʲô
డ̫ˣذһٶˣʮˣᵽİ¹Ȼ½ǧǰһԱЦ£ŽɵԪٺҲǵذ󲿷ֶ󸣵ءԺľš
ʲô֪棬˵һİ֣˷½֮ӡ
֪ӹǵذţǰ¹


750 ħǿ
˷½ϰӢţʵΪԶ֮ϡд󴥶ӿǿ֮·кܳ롣
ִ߶Ӥħȡϵ֪ղǴγʧһٶ֣Ҳ䲻٣ӵõһϢħҲر̽
һʶܶˣֻҪҺôԼԺ£ȫҰæ
޼ڣˣ硣
ڳǰʱڽʦܣںηǸոɢħͷʱ䣡
ڸٶǴԼʮ롭λø߽ӡ
ȴԽһʱڼЩڻʼ½ݡ
ڵ뽭֮󣬵֪潫ƷƳΪܣΪԾ
ŸȻ˵ͬ⣬һ˼ӿٶȺ󲻾ãһϿȲ󷨡
д߶Ӥħ̥󷨣ԶԶһЩ䵥Ÿ֣⴦ϿȻϣ˵Ǹ߲㷨ּ
ͬʱҲ߶Ź𣬹ͷϢΧ︽Ÿ֣ӦûӦȻϿκһӣ˲õ֮С
죬ʼҵһЩ䵥ӣǳϿȸ˵ȴ
ͬʱ߶쾭ֳΪŵӣϿ֮ȴš
ܿ˴һǺǽӦ߶Ϣ⼸
ȷϢٳȥǵȷǱŵӣӣ
ӭӣλʦ֣µõ߲ͷϢȴʧɢͬţۼ֮ȥ߲ϣ
һڷɾ裬Ͽȡ
󷨵ʱҲȴͿΪ˿󷨡
ϷƿҪǽӡ
ӼżʵȦף꣺ʦֶܺΣʲôʱԸף
Ͽ޵ˣ죬ʦ۹ʦܱй֮
ͬأ
żӽУֻһ˶컯Ϊֻڵͽλ
䣡
̤󷨵ڶκ֮Ѱͬš
˲һɿֲѹٲӼϷ׹£¡¡𵴡飬˱ѹöʱˡ
лʦ֡ʦ㣡
һ߶һһ޼ڡ
ڰ󷨿ռ֮ˣŵӣ
֮⣬ȻӦڿ컯Ϊ䵽䣬һ滹
Ȼȥˣǽ󷨵ͬʱӡһԶ쾳߶󷨣˲ѹˡ
Ƕ˶쾳Ϊƿ󷨣Ҫɱ컯ӣҲһ֮䡣
ֵõ컯ʿӡ˵ɱ˸Ϊʹ죬Ϊղаŵӱ
ѹʮˣʱԵΪͬдﵽ컯۷ʵĵˣ
硢Ҳ½Ӧʮ˳ⷽٶΪ̳һ£Ҳǵһμ档
߶ʮһȻʩչϰ취Ƚʮ󷨣Ÿִ߶͵Ϯһ̳컯ѪԪ顣
ԪϢ֣̳£Ӧÿ԰ǽŽأʦ䣡
󷨣ʼһŵģһὫԪʵʵΪܣ
Ǻǣ˼
֪һӵͻȻ󷨣ڼ˶ԣһͻȻը졣
⣬ѵž֣
Ӿźȵ
Сģ
һΧ󷨿ʼʧ̤󷨣һɨǰ벻һۼ羹Ȼľͷ
ǰϢƯһӣᣬҲǶʮ꣬һѰ£Ѱǣϴһȼħ̡
ͻȻһˣһʮˣһݡ
ͬʱͻȻǰһæ棺ˣ̫£һԪ
һ֣̽ϢӵݣϴһɿȻȼħ棬ħ֮Уٻʼ½ûħҲµĲħ½һħڣħڵӣ


751 Ԫħ
ǡȴŴЦݡ
ʦ֣
ȴͻȻǰӰסʲôħڣʦ㿴ˣҲħڰˡ
ӶʱףԣԣħڣӦħڲǡ
ħڻǷħڣ
ʱʶ氵紫ԷܾǷħڣħ½һħħڣСġ
ɻΪ˵Ƿħڣħڣ
Էħ½һжǿ󣿾ǶŽɶȲϣȻħȻֶβ̣ϳҪɱڣֻǲЩħǿߡ
ԭˡ
ʱ뽭һ˵һֵ񶨵ԭ
ӼæЩ˱ȭţ
ħڵӸĺ뿪תɲǣͳ桢紫ԡ
󷽺˾죬ü֮䣬һЩɫͼڡ
ͻȻһȣ뿪нѪħϢǳÿԳΪѪܣŮòΪ˫Ҳɱ
ಡ
һ⣬Ͻȥ

ʮħڸ֣ҲһŴɱִѪħٶȱǰ˸Ӿˡ
ȺӰ֮⣬ɵõǶֻһѡ񣬻ɼ棬˵һЩյأЩˣ
侲Ҳǡ
ʩչٶȣ籩գʮħǿߣٶԽԽˡ
ӳһᣬЩ׷⣬ϲָǰһݵѿӡ
ҹȻһӣڷ֮γɣȿһЩһֻһӣдγɵĿӣԼжʮ
ҲʲôطڵϢ֮Ȼ̤ӣоɵյؿռ䣬ɷյüƲð档
£ͷ
֮ϷʮħӰȻɱ亹ʵ˦ЩˣֻҪһս
ħּԦѪɫħò죺ҷħڶϣǼʿߣҷħڵټܱǴȥ
ǰСӰã˿ƾӴܣȴ侲ʲôӰ
Ŀ⣬һ̿ϡӰ·ȥһ棬ֻһͨ
Ȼ֪ˣʬ̸֣ʩչʬ󷨣ڵ󷨣ʬ壬ǾʹﴳȥʬǷħɱ

ʬ̣
ǿǻʼ½Ĵ֮һӰȻȲϷħڣҲǵһ
˶罭뷨ʬ̸ħעٶٴμӿ죬ܿ쿴·һΧһЩʬʿѲߡ
⣬Щܱѿͷž˶ٴμӿٶȣĵϷӹ
ߣ
ͻȻȼһζ
֮󷨿ʼڷħڸҲʱʮаϢֳڰա
ʬ̸ͻȻŭ𣺡ʬһɱ⣡
䡭
ӰΪǧʬǷʩչ
꣡
ûħһʮˣǸħ֣ȴһӣԽʬ̲ٸ֡
⣬ʱǵɷΪ״̬Ӳ⣬˻׷ˣ
ɱٶȱ֮ǰ켸쾳ʿ뿪ֻҪħڽѪħʿ
Ϊﵽ쾳¸߶ȡˣתɷ
氵жˣ˲򵥣ܸӦϽѪħϢҲ羭ʱѪӵǿǣҪѽ
˶취Ǹ׷ɱ⣬Ҵ߶ǿѪħ
˴ЦƾǼϣӹԪħƣ
꣡
Ҳڰд߶׼һս
ǰһЩ죬˷ǴһЩʯϸһһЩʱڲ顣
·һڤڤ֮УЩʯٴη顣

˹һĻ벻͸ͻȻһ级˴·ͻȻ羮磬˲ûˡ
ҲֻʧȥжϷԪħҲ㡣
֮Уָ޷һ£Ǻε˰磬Ӧյػɼ

ڶϢҲգ۹·ΡȻ޵Ĵ죬ɷɷ顣


752 ɼ
ɶյԪħҲεرɷ磬һɣΧʯҲƾ
ԼҲ˲䣡
ʧȥƽ⣬Ȼ޷Ԫǿ
ָо޽֮дָоǷǳϤ
ȻͻȻоûжྪΧʱʲôɷǴʯʬԼһЩŵʿγһڰ֮С
˼һĻһںǰԶǸʿʬ壬һЩŵʿмС
Ĺ汣־ֹ״̬ڲ󲿷ʬ塢ʿҲֻƶ
ҪǰƤ󷽰ףԪħҲռ䣬һΪǣҲյռ䡣
ݣ˵һƾ
ƾһ̻ܰԵɱʮףƾ󲿷֣δ˺󷽣Ѿͻأʧ
翴һĻ֮ǰŵòᣬɼͻȻ⣬ͷԣʦ㣬ô£
ҡͷӦɼռ䣬ʱգҲ֪ᷢ£
羭˷Χޱ޼ʣûκҲ㣬
꣡
죡
Ҷ취뿪ϧûκȻҶţ޷ƶһ
Χʯִ˶Ϥƶ˷׷׵һںתһЩʯ顣
֮ǰʱ״һޡ
ѵ

Ȼ䣬Ӳ֪ؿռͻȻӿ˷籩Ƿ籩ֱӺɨƶʯʿʬ塢
Щʯƶ֮У˲仯Ϊ촷ۣһЩʬҲ˺ѡ
֪ˣ⡢ɼĳ⡭÷Լ
ɼ
ŴĿɿڴָϽ߶ַͷ
¡¡
ϯڶϢ;Ŵʯʬ塢ʿԼʣһû桢Ҳһ̱û
شײγɵĿһӻΪҫûһУû˿ۼԼƬ
Ҳ˶ã
һЩ̡Ĳ̫оһ󲡣û˿
òܼѪȼգȻſ۾ʱԼӶûڷ֮У涼ʬ塢ʯڸһЩڳʬ壬Եʬʣ¹ͷ
ٿΧӦһԨʲôҲûУֻҪ桢ʬ壬ԼһЩɢΧķ
ûһ̣类ͷУʧȥκθ֪ѪȼԽ
ԪҲԴ߶֮ǰһĻĻͻȻΧѰҽԼ硣
硭
ãڸԶһʬ£ʬʯѹţȥһϢ
ʦ㡢ʦأ
ʼ߶ӦѰңҲԼҲˣæӡ
ಣ
桢ûγ֣Ǳæӷϳ
ȥ磡
뺮һȥʬƿȳ磺ϴţֻһ˿˿¼ֲһ㡭
Ҳ۵òУ˳̶Ƿ飺ȥΧףһӦһռ
ȥ潣Լ׷ڡ
һץ콫ץǰȻֻһ˿Ϣ˸Ǽʱ֣ȻȵĻػ
컯ûʦ֡ʦǶ쾳ΪȻиܡ
ȻûиӦϢǲƬԨƱط
Ѫ֮
Ҫ
ͷѪȻͷųһֻֻѪ
Ѫ̫Ѫÿطֲţֲһֱͨͷž뿪塣
ֻѪγȥЩʿʬ壬濴ʬ嶼˺飬˼
ٴνӡѪʼմʿʬѪԼԪ񣬷׷ױѪɡ
ͷųѪ𣬺ܿץһֻѪѪںѪ֮Уһָüģӿڣʱγȼ֮ƣѪʼȫߡȼա
ӿز֮С
ز֮Դʱֻһ˿Ҫ
ͬʱһֻֻѪӿ˫ͫӭߡ


753 Ժ֮
Ѫֲ̫ҪͷųǾԼҵ壬Ȼʿʬ壬ֻǷԼʯ
Խӿдʬ壬вʿʬ壬ȻĻָ㾪ˡ
ҴӴʬץס飬ȭͷСͷʵҲж쾳һ˲ڣѪȼոΪֲ
ȡ
֮ͻȻжһѪԼΧ棬һܼһ
ü죬Ϊ侫Ԫ񡢾Ѫ׷״ڣٻָ
ԼʩչѪħԪ󷨺󣬲ȥһС
һ
桢ʮ⣬ѪѪӿһɹɾ桢æץסѵûᣬ̰š
״̬£һֻֻѪŴʬ壬һЩʯϽݸС
Ű
Ȼڴ棬ȻͷžĿɨң潫Ѫġ
ָһЩϢٶȺܿ죬ʵǳǿ󣡡
ҲŻָһơЩź
뺮Ƚ޼úˣ˵㽫޼
ɢܡ
ܿһЩӰЩӦаʿŹ֣ʼڷ֮ѰȻʬ嶼봢䡣
вٱ֮ǰ桢ߴ󲿷֣ʣµĶҲ㹻Щ˷һʺơ
ռʬ֮󣬾ԭͷųһѪɫ󶦣ʬУȻ߶ϵ߶󶦷ת
һѪˮ־գЩһЩѪƣѪɫЫӣЩѪˮɣֽڡ
ſʼѪˮֿһ˻ȡһЩװѪƿ֮С
濴󣺡ϴЩ˹ƶаʿûϴֻùƳ桢ѪڴӶ
⻹ҵһμаʿȻΪ׷ϧȥں϶ҲǾ̾ʼ½һٶ꣬ҲǵһμаʿС
ˡԼ£Щ˲뿪
滺ֳһƬѪȣѪѪɢ䡣
˳ǰȥѰҳ·뿪֪һ֮⣬ȴвʬ壬һ֮ǰЩаʿ
һ类ڿ֮Уоһ˫۾ڰжԼ
Ҳϡϴһ֣Ҹ
а֮
һЩӵŮͻȻ֮д
Ϊ桢֪ȴǰʮаʿŵòϴǰպˡ
һŮӡ

ӦһӣһճѪʮаʿŵʧǣϺˡ
ƴˣ
аʿ߶Ʒ汦ԼƷ汦һͷž컯ơ
꣡
ǰһ֣ͽ汦飬һˣ˱ǽɱûΪһƬѪ
ɱɱɱ
ҲڲٺˣһҪȥ
ǲǲҪ£ȻҲҲβƴȫһ
ǰӵڶɱͽʮֻҪһɱ汦飬һͷء
ɱ컯֣˼򵥣汦Ҳܴ顭һӶ¡
ٿӣɱ֮ޱ飬ȴʼ
ҲһؿòȻŮò࣬ӣֻûǰ㽡˶ҲӣЩüɫ䣬ȴ͸ŮӲеʡ
氵ϴ˱ǷħԪħ֣ʵף
δ֣㰵д߶Ԫ񣺡
ҾͶˣ֪˭
޼βͣò⣺˿Ǵͷ˵¶һ޶ĴڣҲǵǲʮ֮һ֪İ¹ǵѲö쾳ȥҲﲻĴڣҽСһЩ
Խ쾳ĴڣίʵţһᣬҲͶʮӣǵȸ֡
С

ǵԺ֮һԺһӣ
Ժ֪ȷǵԺ֮һԺֱǡԺԺ
Ժ½֮أΪʤݡպԺԺͬһ½Ҳǵ½ﶼǵԺǿħ½ʼ½Ща½Զͷ
ζĽܵ


754 
Ȼһֻޡ
֪˵ˣƫŮǰɫ棺һֻޣˣϧħûаȥʤݣΪԺӣδ
汧ȭ˼ҵһ֣ȥʤݼ붫Ժ
һħħ½ħƵĽѪħҪɱһħڵӣ׼ˡ
ûа취Ҷ֣
æзʣС뷽ѩϵΣ
УҲѣ
ܲٽһãϴκһŹң
ǲԣԺʲôöҪң
úã
æӦ䣬ͷŴ߶һ⡣
Ҳħ𣺡ҲħʿֻһЩħƪħҲûйϵҪɱңҲֻƴһ
Ϣҡ
ͻȻһǺԱʱ⣺ⲻǷߵ޺𣿡
Ŷȴ⡣
ԭɣҲڴк
ȻãǷɱСҲˣ
ش𣺡ҼСϴδʼ½ҪҪһϻš
Сμ֮
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ܿ׷׺󷽣ʶΣҪ٣Ҳͨһͷ롣
ں׷ţɱ󷨿ռ䣬ҲͰףȫɴ߶Խɱˡ

Ȳѣ׷ú޴Ϣᣬּ俪ʼɱһƬӴһƬаâ֡
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ǰ׺󷽣߽̤ħ˫罣棺Сӣ㻹г·ͷģҶħҲýƤ

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֮ǰǸ˿ĳط
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滺ָֹͣȻΧһγɸӦȷйһпżȻڶλͲѰ
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ͳͳϧһƷƷûгƷϵĲ
ʮȻûʲô֣⴦ԨɼλãҲ֪ڵ¶
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ڼ˷֣һɴϢ΢΢شǰλãǴϢЩϤ
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츳ԼӦǶ쾳ǿߣҲȲϣʲôһͷ֡ٴεõ϶
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ʬ岻Զһʬ壬ٶףһͷޱߣ߿ǳһ㣬ٿЩǿţ֮еİӵӴޱײС
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̫Ž̽ԹޣĿ˵һ
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ƿ̽Ƿ棬ҲʱԶԶһ̨ڷ
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ֵɼ̨һֻֻ߲һ𣬽ʮֻ롣
ܾЩ֡ʶ޷йӡ󡭡ԶԶʮֻּ̨Եޱȹ졣
ַʮֻ󷨣Ȼвͷħķڲʱʱ֡
󾪣ǽѪħϢϾ
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¶ȣǼ̨֮еڲȻʲǫ̂˫طӡ
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žҪΪΪ߸ϵı̳̽
֮ӡ״̬˫һ֣˿ʼֱɢӲͬ򿿽̽
ԼףǱ̽ʬ壬˳̶ΪһͷҰޡ

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ʱ滹Ǵ״̬òʮİûб̽һϳĬһᣬ̽ͻȻ棺ϺϤϢˣˣСɱӽüΪѳƤͲʶˣ
Ȼˡ
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߶Ϣò仯ָģ

ֱ̽ͷӶɱȻСӣһʱ䲻ȻʵһֱڶɭΧ㣬ǳӰܱӻã㾹Լ

ǧػɽ֣ɲǰס̽
Ҳɱ˽üҲҪɱ㣬֮̽ڽ˶ϣɱ֮󣬱̤컯һ磬ȻҪҽ£
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̽ٴηȼգ˫ͫͻȻɱâǧػɽ𿪡
ǿһƷ̽Ҳ޵С
Ϊֻŵ𣿽Ҿʶһ£еԼ£
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Ѫɱ̽յÿռ䶼ڲʡϢΪ
̽Ӷɱâһ˲ͽһѶѪѪ飬ΪƬ
ڱ̽ߺߵЦЩƬȻֿʼںϣΪһƬ𺣽̽ȼС
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774 
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775 ɱ
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776 ʮʬ
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777 Ǹ
ÿһʬʬнپߣﾹвǧʬ塣
ʮ˵ʬѳɴ̬ͻأشӵ߿գ·ץǰգϷһɼԲΣʮ˵ʬ
һ԰ɫ϶Ƕ鲻ʣ·ҧͷ⡢⡭⾿ɼ磬޵
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δѪȫռ䣬ǰһħӡ
ħɼ״̬󲿷ɼȥϢȫħɡ
ڿΧռ䣬ռ벻ʮȻҲǷ棬ŲٸϢƯţɷ


778 ϵʯ
ŻһѪȫɼռ䣬ҲֶʱоҲţԼ³Ϣ
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ħǡѪѪħ
ҲһЦݣҲԣԿ
һԣʼ߶벻ħǺܿƤ³֣ħΪһɹɽѪħעѪ֮С
Ѫڻħ󷨣ɵħѪڣħٶڼӿ졣
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֪ѪħԼѪħȻħ֮һѪȻػΪһ˿˿ѪߣʼڷӡƶѪӿ
⡭ͬʱһں

ǵѪֱӱѪ룬ȻһѪɫ磬Ѫ崩˷Ӧ糤۾ǷֱƣƤ֮ħǻһħ֮С
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ǰܸоѪϢħһ˲䣬ʧɢĺҵĸǰ㻶ȸԾ
߿ƣǿ׹Ƥ֮»ΪѪɫƺһ˲һѪںϡ
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ϴ󣡡Ҫʧ缱æ棬֪
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˫ͷʯץȥ
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ֱͷų޼Ȼ󶦿ڳСΪɶ󣬿ʼͷƽʯС
޼ͷ˿ֲ桢綼ΪȻὫʯ޼֮С


780 һ
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ʯΡȻ޼޷С
챦챦ˣ޼ֲĵױȣȻ޷һʯУҲʯڤڤ֮б޼Ӹ߼Ż˽
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ҵԣȫһԣһܾҧٴȫ֮ע޼ʼȡʯס
ӰӰԼӰӣҲΧ·Ǳﱣ𣬴֮ơ
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ҲһŻ񣺡ˣ
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һ༲ָǰˣǰǽ磬ɼռ䣬ʱռ䣡
׼硭Ԫ˭ǷõлԵŲҪ¡
翪ʼ߶ǿҲ̺
˽ƣ
ٸǧףոճֵԪָһУĮȻһЦһ컯ϣڱǰţ


781 㾿˭
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ָ֮һƣȻɱ֮С
ٿ桢粻ףܿһڣǴǿߣǻʶϧɼǹ޷ֻܰװױ
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һ̽γ칥ƣûУڿռҲŤ˲䱻һɡ

Ҳ뽣˳֮У޷ƿƣֻܿŽ˳˳ǰ硣
֮ǰɱĹƣδɱһӣը䣬˳ƶĽƣûУ˲˻н硣
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ͬʱǿߣȻ޷ʶǳǱɼ׷𺳿齣ԼƯڰյ档
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ٹӣڰԶر쳤Ϻ磬뼸̳ϱһҲʼߺ
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ֿϤףԻʼ½Լ½İףûмɡӹӡˡ

ѹȥκ״ָ̬һЩһ£ǰɼͻأһ֣ǲɼƣȴʬӰ˷֡
ԪӺȻ𵴵Ľ֮вԭ㻹ŵӣϧɼκһʿҪ
ǰΧԪŸϢҲڿŭҧأɶЩǿ߶ǵͷڶֻ࣬ҪԪЩͷڣҾûһ˿ӳȥ
ǻ˻Ƹߺ棬ʵŵӣ
ǻա
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ʮֻ֣
ÿһֻڲǹڱߣˣ֮ǰЩʬѳɵʬԼɼռ俴Щ¹ʬɼʿǵӿǰʮֻ֣
ʮֻɼռںϣΪһһ㣬ǽڲɼκʿһסᱻȡȫ󣡡
һһڶɼա


782 
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쿴ʮֻϷһֻֻĲͨ󷨣һǴһħâ
ʿͨһִֻֻϷħγɴâ֮С
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ݣ
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̫ŽɵһԪ
ݽָһһ֮İɫȻʮɾ룬˲ɱ档
Ԫһޣڨڨ棺ʦڻָ֮Уؼʱ̣ɼپͷ޷֣ȻһӲ㻵˴£
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û˵һ֡
ԪȴмЦѡ񣬵Ҳ뽻ҲǰǸȻһαػҪʵðյõıǾҽ£

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ΧȴâͻȻΧʮɿռ˲佫ռһӡ
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ټһɼռ䣬ӦĽѪħϢ϶˽⣬˵ļǣ˵ɼΪƸΪľ顣
ʮ֮⣬ԪȻճħʵʦΪβɱ˴ӣ
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һĿҲԽƶʽ㣬㾿˭
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ħۣ
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ѰҹżţһʱҲҲ桢Ҳû˿ջ
ħۣǼǰĳ½ɢħͷǿһ𰸡


783 ħ
ħۣ˭ֻ飬Ƿħ۵淢ʡ
˭
ħħҲ֪ʲôһ˿һ̺ɡ
ԳһߣƬ̲ŵֻҪ֪Ƿħ۱ɣΪҼ˵ԺδҲ֪ʲôطΪ㱰΢ĴڣҲ֪ж󡣡
ΪңװףʲôζҲǳ˽⡣
Ҫ˵ԭҪ˵ܾãܾã
ֻ֪ԭң֪ҲְɣԭǿѵһֻϵĲɣ
Ǳ͸ԭȻħˣһ̹̹һ鷲ˣҲκƭһֽ֣˴Ӷħ䣬ʱˣԪҲ֧飬ۿҪ䡣
ħ۵Ҳֱӣ꣬ꣿʲô濴Լ䣿ӵħӵϴȨȻȥ֪⣬żȻ׹ħ䣬׹ɼĺģҲرռ䡣
ô˵ɼˣȴռȵȻħûм
֮ǰʹԪУɼ
ԪҲ֪Ƿħ۸Ӳ֪Ŷԡ
ħۻʱҸонѪħϢвѪϢͷϢ㷢ңȻô֮УҵĴڣ
ԭһ̣ͲżȻʱоħ۵Ŀ¡
ȻżȻżȻĻܻص죿⴦ɼַɼڲһ;һᣬʱҾ뵽µת
ħҲΪΪһжʮǰʮǰƬɼǣµİԴҾҪת㿪ʼþɼһıһ󷨣ħ֣⴦ɼռ䡣
ʮǰ
ǲˣҲǷħ۾Ȼʮǰžͷ
ڴ֮ǰˣˣ棬Ҳ꣬ѳ֪
ħþ󲿷ɼΪħȻ塢Ԫ񳹵飬нһ˿۳ξѪһηǰħ֮Уһ֮ǰħ֮У־Ԫ뱾ǰƬ֮УһƬܵĥ𣬵ٻһƬһԪֽƬɼɢڵħ䣬ȴʿƬȻҵʶ
Ȼ⻹ûнҪһһǲ󷨣ɼ󷨸Ϊħ󣬵ڶǽѪΪξ棬ǽԪ뷨Ƭ֮УĲҪһҪָһξѪҪѪ⵱֣ҪʿɼȻħ֮бѪǿѪ
Ϊҵ첻ɷɷħ䣬һЩѶϢʿԴе֪õɷߣܽɼӶͨɷõɼ֮еıĲ֮ҲͿʼҳ˯õʱ
ʶ˯֮УʿõɷӶǱɼ֮õħ󣬳ΪľѪʮ֣ȻѪǳǿ󣬵ҲҪֹʮҵľѪԱ棬ȻûоѪֻһԪҪתĿܣһҲûУһжձƻһһĽš
²ʧһһ죬Ƭ֮еԪ񣬹ƶ֮Ĩɱ벻һƬ㣬ҵʶʼѣоڵĽѪħԼǿͷϢ㷢ң취ںҡ
ҼڣΪõնؾҲ׳ҵԪԪ񲻶ϻָұ㿪ʼжӶһ̿ʼ㱻ҿһʿ
͵ħ˵ʹɫʣǿԪ񣬺˵ҪҶˣնɱˣԸǿУʵҪҵһֶΣ
ħ۵˵㣬ٱû㣬Ϊܣ㣬ע֮ĪԵ֣֮ǰѪħ⣬棬ǱһУ˰ɣ
Ͼͷתʲô˵ûʸȥ۶ԴҪɱң淴Խ򶨡


784 ħ۵
Ҫɱ㣬ԪˣҪɱ㣬ѳΪʬ壬ҿѪϢִϻۣǱޣȱˣҪɽҪæΣ棬ߣΣ
һʮͷȻ档
ʦСӺεºܣ֪ԪͻȻһ죬ڼʡĽ
ħΡȻҼȻΪͽԪӦ÷ģԵӲκƫűһҪѧĲͨػ
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ԪȻף﹪
ػʵҲɻ󡢺棬зǳ֪𰸡
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Ϊʦ㣬֪ж㲻֪֪⻹ʲô㲻֪֪ǿжǿ㲻֪Ҫ֪һУ͵ӵһɡػϵԣжж󣬶ػж󣬱עжɾͣҪȥʱвŻˣҪȥŬжȥԽЩˣȥյ㣬£
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ħȻħ󶦣Ķ棬Ҳɱ㣬ԵȻҲδնȻǷͨδ֮˭Ҳ˵ҷħħʿȻϣύѣǵˣǱȻҵˣȫ侲ǿǣΪһԱһƷ磬ΪһСʲôšɽڡ̫Žͳͳ㳼
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ԪŲٸҲɱȥͬʱ鶴֮УӴ飬ⷽɼܴӰ죬ҳʥ̣һЩǿߡɢҲǿһӿǾ⴦ɼб


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һϤԷħͻȻһ𣺡Сӣǽħ֮еõĶǿһ֮Ҳ´Ժ㣬ҿǱɣǶһѪǿǱڶѪҲҪҽ


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߶ʱ쾳ֳƣһ㣬̱һϰˣһΪܴ߷һսʤ쾳Сðţǲ֪ߵغļһ
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ɱâɱգһпޱȣһ·Ҳܽռ顣

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ҪҾͽԪɣǿԪ񣡡ǧػɽ潫Է봢䣬ߣһֱ޼

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Ȼ޼ЩҪɱԼαظǻ·
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Һ󲿷ֳѹƶΧγɺ֮Ȼ󲻶͸·ҲҪһ
ֻ˫ͫΪ״̬ȻȻ˫ͫӿɫ棬ȼն𣬴ϷЩѹĺɫ㿪ʼʧڻɫ治ͨȥӡơ


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791 ٵǿ
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һ֯𣬳ɰǧγɽˣɽ֮ƣϯ籩ɱȥ
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Ǹ߿Ǻ䡢֮߳߳ͻ붼֮飬Ȼٶȡ⻪Ҳ֮ǰ٣Ȼڸ߿սɱ
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˿ͻȻ˺һһѪɫҲò԰ͻȻϷʧĵڰ٣еھش٣ٰɣҵҪ˾ˣ˶ʤ죬ˣ


792 ֮
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Щκģ͸һִϵʥ⡣
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һִ󣬷ǳɾ͸


793 ɾ컯
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ٿ˲ɫ͸ɫϢΧ˿̴Ϊâ
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֮󣬿սʧ鿴
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794 컯֮
˵Ѫڴɣһ컯ʿ㾪ѪǶ쾳Ҳ˵ʱһѳ컯ﵽ쾳ָ߶ȡ
ز֮мȼźܾ
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زһѪɫʯѾΪѪɫѪ֮еѪɫ
̤컯ɫʯںϵһ˸߶ȡ
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һ̾ںɣֲԼԦǶ쾳ҲȥںϣɫʯҲĵرﲻ컯ܳںϣϵѪ֮Уʱʱ̼̿ӳ֮УҲѪ𣡡
Ϊ컯ɫʯϢȫѪһ˿˿ں״̬һʩչͨκ֮ͨУȻ̺Ҳϻϵ
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ҵѪȻһɫһѪɫһЩɫ


ʱݹȫʱ벻֮ѪΪɫɫѪɫɫ
һЩѪɫЩѪ⣬ҲʼΪɫɫȻӴ˵΢ֻݣ޷͡
ѪѪɫҲǣκаħʿˡ
ȻѪȻɫɫ״̬оԼǹ
ѵɫԼӡ֮˹仯Ѫ̬󲿷ѪⶼΪࡢɫ
γɸ޷ɫ״̬͸뼡⡢֮УҲܿһЩѪڻΪࡢɫ
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ŵòǲ̫йأȥǲǻһ죬Ϊһ֣
þ޷ƽϢһЩƤնȻϢʼ컯ȫʼͷ⣬ԼһɹѪԼɫ֮ǰһûһ˿˿
ڣһʯУƺƽ
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ͷʼȻǱΧ֮ǰЩѪɶںϡ
ͬʱҲͷѪʱѪﵽ컯߶ȣȻһߴСжʶݡȻ֪ԼҪʲô뿪֮󣬱Χ
ҲһЩѪȥձ̽ʣһóƷʯʯһΧԱѪɡ
ܿٴγӿ״̬ϤоعȻٷ֮һ
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־޼ǾѪħ쾭ȹ
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߶޼ҲǴƽ⣬컯ڿʼ״̬
컯״̬ոտʼ˲д󶯾뵤һ˲ؿռϡҲ˲ؿռٷ֮һ֮һΪ״̬Ҳֳࡢ״̬
Ϊࡢ𡢻Ұѹ־Ұ࣬ɫɫ򲻵ʮ֮һ


795 ӡ
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Īҵġ򡯣
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ʱڸʬ塢ʯʯдҼһЩʿ򣬶СΪڵ빦ʱģЩ컯ͽλ˲Ҳ򣬵ҲһСһϡ״̬һĨʧİƣһ״̬Ҳǿռ䣬ʿһУȻ˲γɵ羫
΢΢һԣʵ羫
ʿʼУϢոǳԽͨϢһʿһУͻ֮Уؾö֮֮һ̤컯ؾͻ˲ʵ򣬵ȻҲ̺ʿͨԪԼȵȣһַǳͬʱؾΪشڡ
֪Ļ٣渵ʱеؾֳ̤컯־Ͽɣʿ֧ӶҲֳҪС򣬾Ҫʱʱ̴̿߶иͨϢܽմ죬ںϽͨ״̬ţޡҲڿʼԵҴСߣҲ͵ϱ䣬ٺ٣ӵ򣬾͵ڵõһӡԶؿӡڵ塣
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˶죬ûţֻȥΪӵ򣬳Ϊ컯ԺͻƲΪҲҪһҪ֪κţҪǧʱ컯ЩţҲҪꡣ

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Ҳ˵̤컯Ҳܶ޼ա
ڲжħȸƶɵĿܣʿԼٵӣܲٶˣ컯߽λԼʮ쾳ͷ
ۺһӳڼ֮УȻ߶޼ǧػɽȻʮЩҲ뵱ͷаĵ֮һ
Щܲǣҵʦ䣬ҪȳʦĻͱǿ
Խ࣬Խһ̤ʵС
󲿷ֿܶΪӪʦԪ׼ϾҪžˣɲһ¡
Ԫʼں޼ڲһ󷨣Լļӡ
컯ʵں޼ٶȹȻԪҲޱӴ󣬶ڸΡӡࡣ
ҶҲв˽⣬޼ƷݣϧҶԣƳ޼Ȼǵ֮һ
Ķں޼ڶӡǣЩ궼һ˽⡣


796 ʵ
һִ߶Ӥħ̥󷨣Ӧ
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ʥ̸ɼ֮УץԸǿʿҲȻɱ˻ʼ½ӣûʼ½ߣڵΧѰʥӰӡ
֪̬չȻɼ¼Ҫһʱ䣬㱦ﱻԪħ۵õҲ֪࣬һ˼ڲԵ
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󣬶޼󲿷ںϣ㿪ʼһռ䡣
ǧػɽҲһ̵Ŀʼ𺳣Ȼȫ벻ԼС
Ǵ½ԴϢںϡ
ڲռ֮Уű޼ڲʮҲѿжྪˡ
ҲΪͻ컯Եʣ½Դǧػɽںϣ͸һȻƵ
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ǰһ󷨽֯ɵķռ䣬һӳһ㣬γɵľɽռ䡣
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˲֮УǧػɽںϣϢҲѪ⡢ںϡ
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ϧħҲܸⱦкҲĳⱦûжôӿʯҲû취ʯףᵥӡ
ۺϸʯ׾ǲǾŲԺһҪӷħ׳Ҳ̫ܣħǾħͷϴҲܾ룬ܳΪѣȻҲ㲻ϵˣɲѣҲǵˣ
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797 ǿʿ
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ͨʯ㲻ôƷƷƷʯأ
ںͨʯ񫣡
ֽΧһЩʯץһƷʯƯ۽ָ֮УָһץӲƷʯҲʼڻһƷʯͻΪҺ塣
ٴһץһƷʯ
ٶһ£Ҳ߸֮󣬻ΪҺ塣
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ƷʯƸ߼汦Ҫϣһ컯ʩչҪܷһ飬ҪƷʯûʮʱ䲻ġ
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յȹȥ㣬ƷʯڻΪҺ塣
ίʵţ̤컯ҵĻϵȻֱӳ컯һ쾳ͷϵͨҲұȽϣƲΪͻ컯ҲΪɴԭ򡭡
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ܱ׷ҵʵȻкȻһݲָֻ̬
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ץʱϽУʱˮ
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桢ص޼⼸ƶѻָʵҲٴ̤һո۷塣
ϹֿԽд߶뽭ϵܿõس뽭ӦڶɭǱޡ
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ڵħɭ֮յĶˣǰȺɽ֮Уһͻأɽ壬ͻȻѿ£Ŀʯһ֮ȻΪƽء
֮桢ϹٴУҺܿǾɽγɷ籩ǰֱƶɨγǿֲѹЩɭֶһ
籩֮У˻ʵǿûбûȴܺȻһ̾ͻأҲ֣˭˲佫һɽˣ

Χ籩ڳǷ籩Χɭֶʧɼ
Ȼո̾Ϣ֮ʣһƷִӷ籩֮ƷһӰ
ϹĿ纮͸ģ
浹һںͻȻֵĻӰв֪ԷϷԽ·δǡ
δ֣ԶԷʵٶȣȻһʱͷǣΪ⣬ҲҶԷδֵѡ
Ӱȥ󷽸߿գҲڷ籩֮ͣԼΪŮ֮䵱һȣȻˣΪβǵҿж
Χ籩˵꣬һա״̧̬ͷȥǻŮΧ籩ƾȻΪ̬
оƬռ䣬ʱ̻âʱȵϵơ
һҲΪᣬΧĳƬ߿͸ҲΪ
ŮɫһȣҲΪˣԷָʤȻһҪʦ֣׷ʼ½
ӰٵЦҾ㲻ᣬһЩʦ˵ϲ㣬࿴һۣ
ŮʢŭҲԵʢˣԾ²޹أҿԶκůΨж㽹Ծᡣ
ȻǰĪ⣺յѣʦֲϲ㣬Ҳ޹ذɣұΪһŮˣ治ֻ֣ǵʦǼҳ֣ƻӰ󣡡
㲻Ҫ׷ʦܣ
ǲҪأһŮˣǵ֪ʦڻʼ½ڣҲһʱ
֮ҿϲʦ֣㲻У
ΪҲУвв˵㡣
һһŮȻգʼһǹս
Ȼ类УɲÿϹݣûϷһһŮ˶Ϊһˣ
ϹˣԱ߲һɫû
㲻𣿡ֳԾϹݡ
֣
ǽյѵĻŮӣ˵ϲʦֶһӽԾҲ˵ϲʦ֡


798 Ժŵ
е㲻ף

Ϲ治Ǽٲ
һŮ˵ϲһˣһ˵ϲһˣ˵𣿡
˼Ϲݲжݣ棬ʲôҲûȥ룬뵽Щԭ㲻ȥǰľ񣡡
ʼ磺ֻǾ°ˣҲܺ棬ʲô˼һŮϲһϲ
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˵ʵңҲ㣬ҶΪʦֲϲ㣡
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ˣˣ
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˵˿еʦ֣ǡ
ǰʲôԣյѡԾվһΪ۷ĴڣһŻ磬֮ǰֻСЩۼΣ벻Ŷģôϲӣ
ҲǴһ
ֵţ°Ͷڴʱϲϡ
ֹûУ
Ǹ߿֮ϣյѡԾ¾һҪ֮ʣһϤӵħǷ߿Ķ

һƳȥһǸʩչ컯ͨ
ʦ֣
Ҳһͬȥ
һƮֻϷ˫ֺʮ·֮Уɫȴʱ԰ײ٣ƺˡ
ܿǰٴ֣ҿɲԺͬˣԨԴǷҪһɣ
յƣʦϣһΣ
вŮһĽԾ˫м硣
˿߰ɣҪˣ
Ծܲã˭˵㣿
һ̾ʥ̣֮ǰڵħɼڲұᱦʥ̸֣ɱһЩˣҲ֮жˣʥͻȻڻʼ½ټʼ½־ҶʤݲԶʥ֮˷½ִע⣬̣֪ʥΪͻȻǧʥ׽֣Ըǵмƻ
ǲʦ֣Ҫʱ֪ͨǣʼ½֮ϵҲͬţ
ֻԾһȥ
յҲʧڰա
Сϵܣˣ
˿ΧΪ棬Ϊƽء
յѡԾҲͷϹݣһֱûг˵˸ںǵĴڡ
ͬϳ档
Ϲϸ߿գǰȭ̫ˣ¸մӵħ뿪벻ٴʦ档


799 
һҲżȻܼڶԵ֣ζǷħС벻ŵӣҸоԺǻټ棬ǣ
һ仰ȥ
Ŀʧ䣬ΧҲԾյѰӰӣ޷ӦϢ
Կ϶ԺӣȻΧ
һͨ컯֮յĸ߶ȣǲ׷Ŀꡭ
Ϲɭֳ
ԼʱǰؼһƬԭʼɭ֣ɽֶ
ɭ֣

֮зӰس뽭뻹һߣԫϡ
һڲаţλͨƳϵĴڣҲһϣһֱд򣬲Ȼ޷ŽԿš
ԫԶԶǰܿ쵱ο̾յĵλӡ
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ʦܣس縺ֶǶʦ֣ԵȲ
ԫΡȻϷᵽӪƻ˶ӣȥӣݻܱա
ףϸ˵ӣҲǲаŵӣϹȫ
Ȼʧɫü꣺ܰȫǲףֻʦ֡
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ȷʦԡ
ʦ֣ʦ㣬ʦ⣬ɼǾٱʹҲ޼£ǵѰ·ϣĳЩǶȶԣʦҲŬ
벻ʦܱǿĸԶʦس棬ƺδ뵽˵ⷬ
ǽҲ񣬷·Ҳ뵽ɼʱɼԵǷǿҿ
ԫ̩Ȼ⣬Īȥ£棬Ǿۼõ˵˵ڼƻչһƻƻ
֮ǰʦ֡ʦɼѹٵӣ̳߲ӣ컯䡢ΪԪͨΪܣǰһصţʱڰѰʦ䡣
ֵ棬򶨣˼·ҲǳŲöãһʦϢҵʦ䲻Ǵ⣬δ̳ʮӡ֮нʦӪȳ
˵ȷϼѣǼӣһɿҲûУԫϻͷ
سնȵѪɺӣʬǳɽ˶ȥҲҪʦȳ
ܹ裺ʦ˵ĺãаӣҲҪϳ֣ϸڿµôҵʦ䣬ܿʼƻҿƺЩܣԼŵݣзһмɿܡ
ԫϺüһ裺ǻҪһյأЩһֱ硢ټӳȥͬţеӶһۼڶɭ֣һ׼Ӫڼصһϣǡ硯ϣҲۼӣҲǾӢ
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¿Ҳ״ɣسɫͨƳϱһչȻִ֧ӷţʦˣŶߣųݣƻΪ𣬴ǺǰĿģԺΪӣ
Ҳ˼ʵָ߶ȣǲ׽ѹǳӰǼֲڶʱѹˣ׳֣ػ羪֮ߣ
ǰѱӻǰ꣬˻ſսʧǿߣԸ˽£ǰ֣ܲҲ˼ȥѰİ
ϧʱ䣬Ȼ֣ĳɽѹĿܣ
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س硢ԫɫӣԸ磬ȴǳ
ʱɼʧȥսаʵܵӰ졣
Ȼȴڴʱȭ˳ԾѣҼȲǲаŵӣҲΪаžһλֶԸ硣
ȴԫ˫ƣµôӳ飡
سҲмǡ
ȻǶڻʵһǰֶ֣


800 Զɱ
Ψһ˴ʱվǽֱӱȭҿʦܿУ
ĬţȻǱس硢ԫϿ⣬֮ԶҲֻΪԪŵӣδͬвʵ
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ԫϲԥ첲Ǻãģ棬ǣֽѹ
ţ治Ӧһ
س翴棺ʦܾͱȸϻ̳ڶɭΧһʱ䣬繵ͨȷʱ
˺ܿɭ֣Ҳδһڲ
ΧѰһɽȣ߶֮桢һУѪɴʯʯԴһڡ

½
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ŭΧ⿪ʼ飺ǵΪ͸ԣΣǰһֻϣҺռɫʯԼҿ㻹ӣŵӣҲҪԽѹ
벻ʼ½Ǵ棬ɼǳһΪħ۵ľħͷ
һ߳麮㡣
޾أΪڹŵ¼֮Уδзħ۰¼ħ½ʷѰҲûйħͷ¼ĪƷһɢħͷгڵħͷ
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⣬һ㽫ڱ⡣
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󷨷ӡŶڲ֮УһһŮ壬ȻһɫԼһɴʯϷ
ʯϳһЩϵϢϵرŮڡ
ΧһýҪָסܿջͨԼǧĺѩ
Ҳ֪εͨһ˫޹һϴͨӿǧĺѩģִǧĺѩһĻصͨڡ
ǧĺѩոԡĴӣ죬ò磬顮ų񴲡ȷԭʥʦ꣬δ꣬ʦඥΪ̤컯һʱ䣬ʱʵҲϲ
ųһ˵ͨɾĺѩʦǻԭʥ
ǧĺѩ꣬С˵ڼ£ԭʥʥغֻͻصǱ½Ӫ컯ʥһСɣһߣҾ޿뿿ԭʥɽ
ֻҪʱ䣬ұõΪ½ţǰǱ½ûвԴʮֲף⻯½ŶꣿҲһٶ꣬Ҿͻ̤컯ǿƳ߾磬Ȼų񴲻ǲԭʥһɼģ
ʴܽ˱УֿΪӣʦҲӦãǧĪ뷨չ¶Ҽ£һСģ
ںڴԭʥһȥʶһʢǿԣҲ̤ذЩֽһ
һҲӵвֻҪʱԣһܳԽԭʥ
ųϣϵؽš
˫ϢҲ໥ӿԷ壬ﵽһ޷˫״̬ʱʱ̿һЩҺ岻ĳ
ͣУ
֪洫һ֮


801 Ůɫ
˸Ͻӡ£˲䴩·
ӡ֮󣬶һ򿪣Ȼԭʥһ
ͨǧĺѩһͬ£μʦ𣡡
ǷǳŬãϧҽų񴲸а꣬ʥҴһɼһ޶ĴڣʿѰ״̬ʮϰС
ԭʥȻϷ£׼䣬˲վֵԭǻʮʱ䣬ͻ״ҵôȥһˣ
ǧĺѩͨӣˣ
ǵǱ½췭ظ棬˾Ȼ׺Ҳ磬ȥңԶĻʼ½Ϊŵӡ
棿
Ǵӣдʼ½ɼкЩָȥȡԵǴϢ֮Уñҿˣʴ׼һպǾǰȥʼ½
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𺳹
ԭʥͨһȳȥΪĺѩ
ˣ
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գۼ䣬֮⣬Թ˼ڲȴֿһգ棬Ȼܴһ׺ܣ׺֮ԭʥɹ׺ʱҲΣ
עͨⱲˣӲɱѳһɽݶ
죬ĸԹʱֿͨ򶴸
ͻȻһѪ벻ͨСõҪһŮӣ㡭
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ԭʥһǧĺѩҵӣ磬ҲỤ̊˰ˣ㲻ͬһŮʼԪñִ֮ȴδһԪ׸𣡡
⡭
ģԪһֱ᲻ǿδ㽫׸ң뱾˫ޣһһõڴԪҲͨ˫ޣõǧֱӿԴ컯̤쾳һ磬ʱһΪˡ
𣿡֪ǧĺѩ涯˼ǹϲģ
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ʱԭʥҲƽʱǸʥˣ߸ϵ̬
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Ů˾ĪǲԼԼˣ
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ϹֵʿκͨΪ׷ءҪһ羫գκʿ컯޷ֱ羫ֻһջȥ


802 ֮Ͻ֮
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ҲһĹơâҫΧǱƣëˮŲʡ


804 
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805 Ըͽֻɱ
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ʯ䣬ڲһɱذ
ҲǵһμǿߣֱӴ߶໥ɱɱȥ˭ܸںϵɱȻռϷ硣
Ŀ֮󣬸ӿ쾳ֲ࣬߶ǧػɽȻԲࡣ
ǻڲԲϿһڵԫ翴Ϊѳ쾳ǴϣϢԾյѡ¹Щ˲࣡


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Ŵӷ̳̳ȻҪܹܣ߽ġ

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ڳرȨһˣΪǿʵּԳƣܻŻǴңҪѯÿ澭ͳһ¼ڰ
ӵʦַ룬һɢޡ
Ƶģʵʵڳ꽫澭ϸϸصУڳҲʱʱüۡ
߼һɼ֮Уٿ׷ɱҲǿУͷžɼըһӣֳûߣʵ㱻ɼ֪һһɼһﱣһħ󣬺֪ͷ̫ŽɵһŵԪӱ׷ɱͷӬȥֱǴɼǰʥͻȻɱֵڣܽһŻ
˵˵Ǵħ󡭡
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ȻⷬڳȫţΪһϣҪ߲֮һȻὫÿһϸŪ
ҲһЩԪħħЩ˶֪Ҳ˵ħйĦȵȡ
ȻóһƷһԨãһοֲʬѣռڵӲòϵϣ´Ϊã
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˲ܵõڵУڳʱͲһˡ
湪Ϊ̫ͣɢ֮ҲһЩ챦ϧֻűǿ߶ߣڵ⣬ӻռһЩʯʯ
գЩԴԼã¼粨ڳᱦʧӣҪϢҲʵףͺúϢһʱ䣬һڰ㷽㣡
Ӹǣ
˺ôǲһ߲һУյõôĸ߲㣬ȻΪ


808 ̳ռ
뿪֮ڰԽͻعҲϢһʱ䡣
ˣҹҪȥ̳Ϲݡ磬߲رӣ߲Ҳаš
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дʮͨˣƻ̫ϳĳʱգԼʮӣҪžȳʦȷ졭
취˽ŷ棬Լֶű˽⣬ܴǿе֪ĿǰԼжٸ֡
Ҫ˾Ҫ˽жǿ󣬳˻ǻŵӣҲи߲ǿߡ
ϡ˵֮е̫ϳԼּʵڶ쾳۷壬ǳԽ쾳
ҵڽʱпܣӡʱô߶ҲҪ׼йֶΣʣЩ
濪ʼ֣׼ܿǿߵֶΡ
ϴռʹɱ䣬Ҳﵽ컯һ䣬Ҫͻƶ䣬Ҫͨ෽򣬷ͻƣ
ڶﵽһ۷壬ԾʵڣȫҲõϴ衣
һںϡϴ裬ʱѴﵽ컯£˵Ѵڶ쾳߶ȡ
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ǻ𽣣ȷʦ÷ʦ㡢ʦǰᵽ벻ôнչʣȷǻ𽣷ӡر죿
뵽һ߲ŵᵽ䣬Ӧÿţ
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ΡȻ֮ϳЦݡ
Ȼʦǻر죬ǿȽӴ˵ܴ˽⵽һЩϢ뿪
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߶㳡ȴһᣬڰȥſڡ
ԭڰڶУſڼ֮ڰ㲻ϢҪѧϰ߼䣿
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̤Žƣڲʱо̳࣬һռ䣬ϢӰ磬Գ̳
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Űֱ߲㣬ؿռ䡣
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ڰӦҲشͯڵ⡣
̤ڶһһڸ߼¯¯ϷһŻ棬ȼһɫ󵶡
ȻһڵӦһ˿˿ʯϢ
λʯǿƬϢѱڰƳһڵ
˵ҸոƶɵķҲһƷϾҲǶ쾳ĿǰһƷΪһЩֶΣƵڲͬһ㶼еٽ٣ȴһʩչ磬㿴һЩؼԼʶһЩƷ
ڰҲһóӡ
ܿھһ⣬һӣڲһƬ󷨣иַؼĿǰ


809 ǻ
ҲһЩʯĵر
ѹΪ£̳ӴŸ߲ӢһĻɲͨܿģǾӢӣǵµӡ
ùƿ⣬ڰ԰ռǶҪռ֮һֻеõ뼸߲ܽ룬㿴Щ󲿷ֶرƶɵƷҲ飬ЩؽҲǾҾ͸һЩҪһЩؼ
лʦ֣һģ
ȴעЩȷ٣󲿷ֶǵҲһƬƷ֮䡣
ˡ
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ֻҪʦںϵķԱ˰ںģǻһڶڣ뱻ӡĳ
ȻǷģһ춯֮д͸
㱳浣ڰҲ֣ᷢƿعעȴǷڲصϡ
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ֿʼѰǹɶΪץסѵûᣬ濪ʼںϣͨǹ΢Լ͸ٷڼӡ
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ԺڻȻ䣬ֵ׷ԪŶԼˣԼܵвʱһӰ֣˵
ĪǺӰǷ飬Ҳǻ𽣵飿ʦʧȥʶֻ
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ԣӦòѣڰ󷨽磬γһͨҿԣУ濪ʼԼӦͷš
ڰڴص֮УΪѡ
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ȻţУ˱ĥ꣬Ҳǿߣ룬Ϊһϡ
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һˣҲɢûûֻ˱ϣû޷У˵ͬǷˡ
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ԪҲ󲿷֣ʣһάʶҪԶѹˣ޷Уȴʿܷ֮ӡʹ࣬䲻УزãȻӵкܳ
ʦǲǷӡĳռ䣿
ԣ·ΪӪȣʦԼߣӡҲеԼǿ߿ء
ҪʦʦںϣʦһʵٿԴ߶㣬ҵ취ʦһȳ
ˡ
ǻ𽣶Իץסһһ룬ɾڴʱͨͻȻ仯Ϊһ⣬ֳʧ
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ܴǻõҪϢҺδڰ֣ͬʱҲꡣ
ڰصϷ£صգҿ⼸ؼһǸ߼汦ĵãһǵ֪ʶмǹڵطܡ
񣺡ϣⱦڣѰռúоص䣡
ѹΪ£ȻӦⱦӵпռ䣬ȻΪѰռ䣬Ҳ̫Զ
ʦ֣ղҶκһǵ䣬Ľʦֿʱʱ̿Щ
ΣֻǿʵԼ֪ʶԺܵõԼҪĶֻڰǺƽҡҡͷ
˵ղŵӿһЩӡЩӡڲķӦǸĴڰɣ


810 Ż
ЩնɱһЩǿߣöıҪӡڶʱʱ̿÷ӡںֱΪһ֮ٽȥκһǳƷƷ֮䷨һΪǻ𽣣ղаӵзƷڻʼ½ҲԼĴڣЩ߲㶼취ڲں
ʦִܣĽһյҲܻ쵽ʦ߶ȣһҲӡ
ֻҪúҵ˼رһ֣Ƕ֣Ҫ֪Ͽʦƿر죬ҲǴˣȥɣ
صɵУһ
뿪ⲿ󷨿ռ䣬߶֮󣬹ȻһϢ
ԼһͨڰѡĶ
÷ӡܶȥոϢ취ˣǻ𽣣ʦ飬е壬һ޷в
ص˵̫Ҫںǧػɽ޼Ī
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ʴҪƵͷƿػ¯ƷؽϷٻɲһ컯ʿġ
ڰ컯һƬΪУһʦԵʡ
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һ֮󣬴ںص״̬µ棬ȻһںмֲӪʦϣһѩӹɱʱһʱˣ˶ޱĴڣ
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Ǹ֣Ҳǻŭ𣺡ǻոһ
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Ҳʱжѹʧ
ص̳ر죬ʣϹݡ
붨һ
Ҫ侲һʱ䣬һҪҳһӡ
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˼Ҳ޷òŽԼԺֹŸֻ棬ӵʶĸ߲㡣
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ԼĪ꣬⣺ʦǻաǻ𽣡šر졭ĿǰƶԣֻرпܽƵϾҲ̳ĵ£ڰڳңŸ߲ȻصңԼԽƵڰĻͲһˣ
ٴγĬһϹǰָһڵǻȻʦںϣܵõȻҾȳʦҲϿңʱҾܽעڣ߶ƷԸǿС
ʹǻ֣˽ӡڶڣڳƿأڰȸ߲㸺ȥգζֻڰ뼫ٸ߲ԽӴǻ𽣣ҪõͱڰҪŽƵҲҪڰ


811 Ԯ
ڰӪʦĹؼܽѹʩչӤħ̥󷨣˿ƣڳϵرŵλܶرҲܿʦ
ƻ˳뷨ȥУʦ֮ڰҲȨʦӽƵʴ˵ʱҪȳʦȻҪŷ֣ʱȻҪɱһ
ﵽ˷ȻΧü亹
ڿտյûһ˿˿Ȼһɹ¶Ϯͷ
ʦ֡ʦԫϵˣҲҾʦǿ
ȻĿֻȻӰһҪȥȻʦϵϴѹԼӣδѰһӪȶʦӰûɾܾ
뵽нһ̤ʵо֪Ҳ˼صȫԼΧ
֪һ̣˲Ӧصȫܵһʱ俴ȫ״ʱ벻˲ΧΡΪ󾫻Ѫ̬Ϊ
ͷһȫͬһֺ״̬
벻֮궼ûУȻȻںϣĵöᵽʿҪĴ¾ǾԽߣҪ޴ʱԽܸ࣬Ӷ򣡡
ʱ仯췭ظȴﵽȻ˳״ָ̬о·ڿ״̬
ҪԺҪһЩʱھ޴һ
صȥڰָڰһЩƷʯ뾡취Ҫֺá
뿪󣬻ص氵дϴҳԹˣ޷뱦ڲռϵ취ֱӶڰ֣
ҪȳȥһˣҵӰ˵һڰ֣͵ڿʼӪȼƻ
ϹڵţԻط̳ΪɣڰǶȥ
ֱڼɭ֣ӦڴʩչԪϴݶȥ
Ϥʹӵ𣺡Сӣһʱ䲻㵹Ǳ¼
ͨͨȥǰ֪ͨ㣬ҵʦ䣬Ҳǻ𽣣׼Ӫʦ𣬵Ҫǿæɭ־ͽʦ㡢ʦԫϼ֣ȻȳʦҪһ
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һ۴ӣɭ֮һӥǣ˫ü罣ĳӰ
ͻȻһӰƯڰգʣ˻棿
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ʦżǧ꽻飬Ҳ磬ΨһѣȻ֣ɱŵˣһ̤һ֮Ҳ޷Կţ
ᾡʦɱȻǰʦ㡢ʦֵΪӦǣʱҲɶš
벻һٶСӣ׳־Լƾ㣬ھͿԴӦ㣬ֻҪܽʦͻֽ飬ӦϾˣ
˷߬ȭͷһΪ
һԼȳ׷СӣԼҪĵ㣬ܸоǷҪȳһϣԼӣɣʦһаȴǸЩνͷҪǿԺҪңҲʦæգҷ¡һҲδٵ˶Դ
лǰõӰ𰸣Ҳ֮С
뿪֮Ϣ֪ͨس硢ֶԳɽȥ
ٴλصãŷ̳֪η̳ʧأ󲿷ֲ棬ʧ٣̳ǵֿʼյӣݬȴ˵
Ҳóôǰ׸ī硢ͨƳϵˣǰǴδȥһּۣҴ뿪̳
ŷ̳ʵһղаǿߣֻסԼǷ̳ĸ֣Ҳһֻ۱һֻۣǻգ㱳ʦţݱͬţʲô
ڰеȴһ󣬱Ƶܳ֡
һɭ֣ܿ콭س硢ԫִɭ
Ǽͺ޲ý˳
ʩչӡΧأʾ·֣гƻǰȳʦֶһݿܡ


812 ͻ컯
ֽҼƻ֮ǰҴóһһȥڰڳ꣬ǶûжġҲ벻һӣԸǣڰ̳ױΪɣڰûзٰгڰѹ˷ӡɿܣҲͿõǻ𽣣ҲȥƵȳʦ
ԫϵ⣺ƻڰ˲ţʵҲǿжٰѹˣ
оųɰѹʦʦֿһ⣬ڰһݽң½аŽ꣬һֱʵʵͨӣΪѰʦչֳŻһõī硢ǻաͨƳϡڰ˿УϿңһӣڰӣҲ벻һƿصߣ֣ơ
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Ҳǣ
˵ⷬس硢Ϊ֮𺳡
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ϷЩǣµһλᣬǾͷһɹʣϷҲЩ˷һѣ֮硢Ӱ֣ӣɱԫҲͷӦ
ϸϸ֮س桢̳ȥ
桢س硢ھ̳һ·ʱѡͣϢ
سʦܣڰѾã䲻Ƕ쾳ҲźţԴ˳Ҫó׼
Ǿ⸽ѡطô󷨼ʦЩ⣬վ޷ӳģղаţδԸһ컯ʿԵһ˿⡣
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ȻϢȻְ仯£Χһڿռ䣬ٲȻϢγɵĿ״̬ʱΪһƬʵռ䡣
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һɽ֮ƣȻڱ
ٿۣԺȻ֮ɫΧһɿռ仯Ϊ״̬ϲղֻںϡӦںϡУ벻ȻȻȻںϵ˳̶ȣԭһ֣Ǿ޴
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ִһƳɲھ
Ա߳һӰǴڲ״̬µسԪ񣺡ʦܣҪͻ컯䣡
ǾϲոʱȻںϣյһЩб仯˿˿̤䣡
̤컯벻̶ʱܴӸӦ仯һЩȻںϣ˵ʦͨҲʮִ̺羫Ȼںϣ˵䣬سԪʧȥ
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Լͽӭܣܸо顢֮£Ա仯ѪҲһЩγɵ׸״̬
ͨԪҲԺɳͷϷһ飬ֶؾԼ
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ͻ״̬κʿΪʱ˴ʿѡڵͻƣ˱ӻ
彥Ϣӵز֮һɶ
ԭǾŵɫѪΪŵνɫѪΪ𻢣Ѫǧ֮Ѫɱɵ𻢣ȥޱ£޷֪ͣ컯ĳͨ
ѪѪɱ䣬ڸоϢѪûǰ仯ǰԣŸѪɱ̬Խ䡣
Ӧ仯ı仯֮С
Ψһ仯Ϊˣǵ˲


813 
ֳࡢ𡢻ҰɫΪɫɫҫۣȴȲϻɫ֮ڻΪ
ҸΪС״̬̬벻һʱһЩȥȻɣҲ΢΢һЩͬ״̬һȦ
ѪҲ٣زںʯ¾ǿɫʯ
ɫʯЩһֶѪںϣǸ߼ĵرһʯһѳѪ֣ѪƵĻϢʱںϣںϴı仯
ڲϢҲӵвѪϢ仹ֵԼ棬ںϲ٣ɫʯǿڲҲųʧ
ɫʯں𣬵õ󣬷ħڰָң벻ǴħͷԼ뷨ɫʯĵرںϣں֮󣬾ҪͬʱںԺͬҪںѣʱƳ
ǵõϵͨҲﲻ˸߶ȣȻҲɽü̽Ļϵ仯
컯䣡
ͻƴı仯һ̵˫ۿΧ֮ʡУΧһȻϢ˲·Ϊһ֡
Ȼɱ䣬쾳ͷ̫С
ʼɸԴԴͷڵڲһ¯վʯʯ
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ҲںǧػɽԼ޼ҲȫѪ˿Ըоһ䡣
سԶдʦܣѲúãʱ㿪ʼжڰ
ƿ߶ڰϵȻͻ컯䣬ȴͨʩչֶΡ
һ࣬ʶͱӤħɣʱʬ⣬߶Ӥħ̥󷨣ͬһʼʩչط߶
ȴһ̣ڰԪʦܣΪβ̳
Ҳ߶Ԫʦ֮ǰڷ̳棬Ҫ̳ʦƻָһЩɼõһЩܸ׸ʦ֡
ڷ̳Ĳô̳ڰ
̳ϴζɼڷ̳Զûг·ֻиʦֲδʦ֣Ҫʦܡ
ҴʱԸϹ
ҪҾͽ棬Ĵҵõһǵһһ̺Ϣħ

Ӧ𣬵ħںϣֲʲôħʵҲ׷ٻһħɣɢҲ飬Ҳᱻħʴɢȥ
ˣȴһЩʱһԸ
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سֶҲ˫ԻɭɭһɨɱҶͬţЩҲ취ԸţǸ߲ĵѪڰʧɲСлȳʦ
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814 ɱڰ
Ͽ֮⣬س磬ɱ˫ͫߣʦܣˣ
ϿڲѹϢʩչԪ˻֪кֶΣʱͽʦ־ƿ󷨣ڲϢ͸ȥǱڳִϲἸɱ
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ǰҸոշ̳̳עһЩӣʦܾ֮һҲõ硢ͨƳϵ˿Уʦܱӵвܣָʦ֣Ժǰ;һֱڷ̳ʱܳͷ
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815 ಫ
ܣڰھȻҲ̺Ľƣ
û֮е棬ȫǿ»գƲܻܷ
Ϊ֮ǰһеѳΪһˣƤѪⶼȼ¿ٻΪҽ¶Ѫǣͷڷա
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816 ڰ
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817 
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818 ֮
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ڰȴǲģ±˷ֶߡ
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819 ʦͽ棬ΪӪ
죺һˣһ̵һǲףΪˣ굯ָΪҺãǵ㣬Ҳûнҵң
ꣿ㡭׷ţͫǵӰ
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ԭߵǰżȻҲʿǶᾭĿѣУ̤컯֮κĥѶУӶͻƣͨ
ʦôѪĴڣѪδ̺ȴ̺ǿѪҲ֪ΪѪޣѪʦѪָƣƹƳ桢綾

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Ȼصش棺ΪʦѳɷˣûҲܵشǸ־綾Ƴ棬ָܻҪ֮ΣΪʦһˣϣܿΪʦϣȣϣЩʦ֡ʦ뿪ʼ½
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ڰҲϢģһ󷽷ȥ
뿪ԨڰΧΣûƭɣ̷زɱ󷨣򣬸ǽƵжٳϼǿߣ
侲Ӧ֪ǻ𺣣ҲҪڰ㶼õģܲûһվˣҲú룬κúҾˣȻϢͽ˾ߣҪȾȳ̷أҲ뿪ƵһŸɱҲ֮


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Ԩ֮Уڵİ׷ˣûеǷӢĻ֮꣬ȴ޷ƽϢͫ⼤
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һصر죬빬ڰ͵һʣһ·ϣѽ̷ءƵ󷨶У
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ô˵ҵõһܣʦһϢĿܣȥ
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һʱָ飬ʵҲŭգֵƻǵһʦϢĿܣڰȻϢʦڰٴʦ뿪̷ءƵһ뿪赲ǵ֮ͨУҲаսʦǿûѹһȽǲаͽʿҪôʩչϿһʦһģһĿܣʱػգ͵ת
˻٣Ҫж٣ȥһˣسɼ뽫ӪԪš
ԼĪʱʮͽӣ컯۷徳磬ϧһ飬Ƿˡ
س罫֮Уǿƿʦܣ㿴ɷ񣿡
ЩˣھʩչʩչʮץһƬҶ
Ȼȥ׼ԫһǰس硢ʱ氲ȫ
󷨣سһһΪ滤
Ѫħ
ħʼڴ߶ӡڵħ˿˿һ

ŵųͷ
ž
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໤ĸ֣ʱʱ̿ע⶯
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һмֵǣĿȴǳ϶ԺѰʦ˵˵񣬴ҵڵħ伸ʦܽӴʦ·ǳ֪ݣҲһֱܣܴŷ̳һȥ̳Ϊ£ӴҷǳʦܿԿħ
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ʹ˫ֱͷҽм䣬ƤѪƶԼЩ
һĻس̲ס̾ϢεħܸıòⲻǴ߸ı䣬ڲҲǿƶƺЩħ½ħѪħ


821 ڰ֮еĿ
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ֲõƾħ½һħ󸣵ءԺ⣬ħ԰£
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ٿƵʿȻΪ׷ԪһģһΨ̬Ҳκβ
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˲䣬̲סס죬سҲǳ顣
ҪһЩ裬ܽʦһģһֻҪϸӦֿܷһЩ쳣֮麹߶ѪħˣҲס
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˼ΪᣬҲʮӣԪһֻ΢΢Ԫ곤Щˡ
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ָģķħۣĪЦݣһĨħζ
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ȻСӣһ֣ԪΪηħͻȻ
ԪôǷħۣȻ֮ǰɼˡ
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ħ۸ֶѪ޷ҡڣһЦǻԵСʵǿ١
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СӲ֪ô벻ԪͻȻһָɱȻɽ緢һֲ̿ǿʢ
ħȴͻȻ֣Ԫٳ
Цܸ汾ĪˣССƷֻǵ֮أֻǺ֮УΪײһС磬֪ЩأҲģԸκҪһУǱľҲУһλᣬ
ǰԣദ£Ӧ֪ԸǰǷȸˣ
ʱץʱ俪
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תۼ䣬ȥ棬߶֮ٶߣ󷽣õľѪǣֶȡʯסħܸģҵߣ
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ʱˣԵԵ棬ѸᣬĪҡ
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ƾΪһħצһߣȴһץǰʮȻץһӡ
ħצգ۾磬ǿռȥ


822 ħ˲
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֪ʯ䣬һͻȻɱǳ׼ռһħצϷ
ըʮɿռʱȫըΧȻ׷ױڶӷڲ
ȻһɲǣΪһϹſ콫Χһжɽȥ
ۿħۡԪҲҪɣħһץ˾Ծһ㡣

˲Ϣڰ֮⡣
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ħسȻҲ࣬һĨӰָȥ
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ħɲһѪۣȻֱƿԪ֮ʧ
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ǧ׸߿ڣ̵֮ĶԽ߿ʱռĦǡ

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ħδ׷ɱ֮ǰͷⷬһسɽ֮С
Ӧħһ˿ɱһȴ֪ΪԭƬռγ𵴣֮ʱ޷Ӧħ˿ϢϢҲͻȻʧ
ٻӦһħͨһ֮ﻮʮõ渴λʿԣû֡
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κҡҡͷžϲȷδ׷ɱΧʮκοռ䶼û춯ϢħȻɸӦҲֻǱһЩˣӦ಻̫󣬼֮֮ǰǹ쳣𶯣ưϴϢ
֮ǰҴ⣬÷ħ۴ɼôӦûڵħ䣬벻żꣿ컯֮ããȻܴͷųһ˿˿ѪħϢѰҶԺҪʱʱ̿ˡ
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رգ֮ȻصϹݽ簵ϵҲ׼һС

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Ѱ˼ǻϵϣҪƿռ䣬ǲܵģһӣ
һʱ䣬ʵڲ컯߷壬ʩչѪ޼ǾѪħ󹦷ʱʱ̿ոԴ
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и̷ԹΪţ־޷Ĩ
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ҪϣǻǰҽڲռںӡʱҾ֪߲ͨ㣬߲־ȻңΪҿرδģڳҲ֧ҡ˿̣԰дԪڰԵĲ
ǿУȻˣ㰵дҵķȥҵͷһЩϢӡôҲҪȥһ̷أʦ𾫻һֳҲзӡ


823 еŮ
ͬʱҪ
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Ͱͬʱ岻ϳ
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ʣ֮¾ͽڰȥ죬Ҳֻȥڵõǻ𽣿Լȥ̷صõʦϢ
ʱһЩ飬ϴȥĴ飬Ѿ߰˰ˡ
ҪȥѰҴ顣
֮ϴμɹʬ嶼پҲҪȥռʬ壬ֱͨһʽ
ϴμ֮뺮涼õֵһ֮ʵҲһԾ죬֮࣬Խʱս½磬˲޼ʩչ뷨ҪǼ룬ǹ
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ͨԪں֮УʯףҲ֪ǺεȶҲ޷á
زѪ֮Уǧ𻢴۾ţɫʯ̺Ѫ˵ͨںϣһʹʩչϵɫʯȻӳ֮С
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ӦɫʯһռڲȼգѪںϡ
֮ܿУһЩӰʯ¾״̬ȻʶĨɱ̺֮꣬־
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ڰ󷽷һѰ棬һЩ⣬ʵڼƻţ߲飬ǲ֮󣬾ͻӡ֤ǻںϢûǷֵںϢͻͬҵĽ飬ǿԿʼչжҲһ֮ڡ
ĬһƽִЦݿЧʺܸߣ˵ͷҲû뷨ǲǻ᲻ŵݣ
Ҿֱ˵ˣǧ꣬һߵ죬˶ŬΣգŴǰ;δһΪر쳤ϣ֮󡭡治棬ڰȻġ
ҿȷ㣬û㣬ҲžˣžˣδǿʱһţʱҲУڳ꣬ʱͷŬҲˮһգٿʱգҲ޷Ԥ죬ֻҪΪҰ£δҴﵽεȸ߶ȣҲߵǵȸ߶ȡ
Ҳ֪ģգҶ⸱أ޷ѡ񡣡
˶ѡҲѡ񣬵ò۾һѡҪȥܣ
Ҳٴθѡ
ת뿪ܼ֮ڰһľͷþñֳĬ
صͰн飬õԪϢ֮ǰƵĿܿʼںϣһܲԪһϢҲһģһ
ںҪһʱ䣬ҲûС
һδƮ״̬оѪΪһԽףΧȻϢںһ
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֪ĳطڲĶһɶ
оһ˿˿ָƿ֪ڤڤ֮УԺͫͬʱһŮӱӰ
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ҶӡǱŮұ۸ɵ濴һĻҶӡǿʱȴܸʲôʲôǣ塣
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ŮֻһƮ״̬ò

κô״̬֮УҪŮ˭һŮͻȻʧ
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ϽۼǰֶʶҲԪںϣղһĻƮξ״̬һͻأȥĸȥ


824 ȡ
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ŮӰ

У
Ϲݴһ֣Ϊ衣
Īղֻһζѡ
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ѵΣΪһֱڤ״̬ΪΣֿԲߣѵֻһִһʶ󣿡
ξŮûһټѰ֮һҲѰ˿ټ
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ӻֺ֣һڲ裬˱ǶϯȫԺָξŮӣұϵҶӡǡ
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컯緲ǰΣ㴦״̬࣬˭Ҳ޷͡һᣬϹݾ;ȥ
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ξŮӣ͵һΰˡ
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ڳ˵֣ҶѸӦǻϢ仯ڰΣ
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һ˳ɹԺǸȥδ˵ţǻ϶Լϵڻʼ½׷ɱҡ
Ŀǰδϸϸƻⷽ棡
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ĪǾȳ֮Ҫٽаţ
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ףȻҪİҾȳʦ֮󣬵ʱ׷ɱϣܳߣܰҵˣҲֻ㡣
Ϲݲ˵뿪ر졣
Ҳ뿪ڵ֮ѰطҲ׼
ʱһڹŲԶüͷ˷Ӫʦ𣬱ȻһѪս
ڻħͷĲٷŻмǧ֮࣬ﵽ쾳нһǧţԶԸǿУҲҪ׼зԸţ


825 ̷
ǧŷٿܣѾʼ޼ںϣ޼ԼǧػɽкЩͷǿҴ߶
ܣжԸ֮һú֮߳ɰտԽʦŵʱваǿߣԼӰΪҶϺ󡣡
һӪʦЩռķԴܡͳͳһգϣڵɽˮĵزɣ
ڤ֮УҲúѰ˼ÿһ衣
һʱȻһţȻ޼ϴѴӵ֮ڣӦΧһЩаϢ
ʦ֡ʦǱ
𽥶һģӪʦɲһˡ
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ڰҲмƣ󷽣ڰе֮ǰδǻ𽣣ǰ̷أر߲ʧȥģ̷Ҳٹʣҿ׳ء
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ѡҾˣӴҲὫ㵱ūԴԺҲɣʵһһ̽ӭһҪ١֮УڰǷݲᣬХһ
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޼ڵ䣬Ҳ̫䣬ΨвϷǰղܾϴ
ƣʱڰ߶ŽƵԣǿҲһɽƮϿղͬ߶ȡ
ڰһδ߶𣬱㴩ͨǰ̷أ
Ƭϣ¼ɽɽͻأ֮С
ƴˡ
Ҷɽ壬ǰ͹Ϲ֮ͭ£˴Ŀġ
ڰǰһһңǰ񣬳ƮݶӰݼλϣ
ɣҲһߵ֣ƤҲδ¡
ͭŻڰһ̤룬һɨ󷽣ߣմϣǰĴڣĳЩܵһֱ￴̷أʵϻһЩſ̫ϳϵĴڡ
Ϣޣ˷ǳԵ˲ҲһӦǿ
ҽ컯Ϊ޷ȼ־ͷǶ쾳ҲԽĴڣ
ܸоڰʱ˿üܼһ麹治֪һ̻ԭڰţǡ
ûб̬˻ڣһݡ
һգʱԨԽ󷨣Ϣ÷ǳ쳣
һϡ֣ڰʱҲ亹һνһΣɼʱжš

ͻȻӰ
ڽ״̬ڰһ󾪲
Ϊ˭ԭڰϵܣһˣǳᣬΪԶԶͻֳХ

ڰæĨĨ麹ת˲΢΢һǰԭͬǵžţ
żԺص
Ƭ̺˷ڰ¶Цݱȭ֣ʱ̷أ
Щʱǽȥȥɼܻܿѹ챦ҷ߲֮⣬̷ؽӡһץס˿ʱץڴˣ


826 ɹ
󷽻񣺡취ǻ𽣾
رӡ꣬һֱ취뽫˽Ŀǰûо԰취߲Ҳյõѽ
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˵Ȼڰͷ˱ȭȥ
ڰתӰɫ粻
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ϵڲ֮ж϶֣ҲδŴλ׳־
֮ڰ˷Ԩ
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һû쳣ȴĴùӡ֯ɵ⣬οʼںϣΧһո羫ִɵĴִ
һᣬ˴󹦸ɣҵһȥʶʶϲаɣ
ڰ鱧ȭһԽһ
Աһֵ֣ұмոܵ飬Ҫָʱ䣬ʦæ
û⣡ڰӦ
а
ܿǰ˶ʱ

һϴЦָ֮еĲаΪǽ½һǵôǶٵ棬̸òаŷ涼š
ȻˣзҪʰˣǲǣѵлʰһ
ȷûᣡ
˾ʼͷƣҪѵа
ڰȻֳ⼸˱ȭλҿˣǴ˼ֲס¿Դҵǻ𽣵ķӣ
һ˺᣺ŴУҹҹĥҲ⡣
ҿǸһ棬ҴҲڲǲøԤ߰ɣǻˣڰһӡ
ͷϷȥöȥ
ڵİ׷˴ʱ̧ͷͫȴ䣬Ƕ붾Һ
ʦ
һ̣ڰʱͷӡӴһ̣潥ڰԴͷΪָСƯ֡
׷˻ƵҡͷղҲˣκʿҲΪʦУŶٵӣĥңҾһˣ
ûһ˿Żһ죬˶ӱʦ׼ãڰʼ

ڰʱһں
ᣡ
ٴνӡгһĨâ䲻˵ǳۡ
֮оǻ𽣡
𽣡֮Уͷİ׷ˣʱ壬ǿҹ˸
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ʦ˽ѴӶȡأٵһȣ涸Ȼͷһ⣬ڰΧâϢʲô
Ϣ֮УһӰ˾аһģһѪ˿Ҳ࣬һͷ׷ر
а֮УȣһܣϢһӵеֶΣҵһۿȥҲκζߣȻΪң׼֮ǰһһЩɻ벻ڶ̶ٶ꣬ɳ˸߶ȣֶΣҲȲ㡣
ףԽסϢʦ׼ã
ʼ
ڰҲıӡǻ𽣿ʼͷǿʢ֮УһѹƲа
һ̣޵һƣƣԼڰڽ£â
ڰ߶ǻͷųĽâӺˣܽ˲䣬һɽŲаһڿգһɽ³â֮ж
Ųаڽâڻ£һǰţڰһͨͨͣ


827 ʦԪ
Ƕԣʱǳɰܹؼһа˳뿪͵ھ˳ɹ
һоǰ˭֪氵дϴ󣬲ǸֶԻˣٷ
һڰ
ֳڰӿٶȣ߶
𣡡
ڰǰǽץȥ֮еĽƣڲһƶ罣âڲа󷽡
νаѪ״ӿһɺڶ󶦿ӣаɾ룬ڶԷոҪ뿪һɲǣаٶ
ಣ
ƿ
ڰпͣ
ʦ
ƿʼ󿪴ϣ˫ͻȻһϣ󶦿Ӿ죬аӽ֮ȥ
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ʧ̫ʱҲͬһʱ̣ڰҲࡣ
ڰʱڰüŵ亹䲻δӻ䡣
ڰЩ쳣ʣ֣ô
ڰǿջЦľȭոմ߶ǻЩˣϾƷǶ쾳Ҳ޷Ӽ
Ʒڻʼ½Ϊټκһǵɽ֮
Ϊֻ
ղ˶಻˵֣л˵ˣرȫǻ𽣣󲻿ܽԼУ𣿡ЦЦȻѹ͡
ڰ𽥻ָɫĪǻҲõ˽
֮ǰһ̣ûǷĳЩѰ֮ͻȻ۷ȻΪǻŸʲô
˶ӵУ֣㲻Ͼǻ𽣣һнơ󷨣ǰнЩңұػǵݶ飬һҵõڲ󷨡ӡռȻɳһںǻ𽣣
¡
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ڰӺգֱȭʯУУģҾҲһУ֮
ƻҲ벻ڰһӾʹӦ֮൱ٴ򣺡ãҾͽʯȡԵŰݷã
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ͻأһǰŴڰĪкβ֮
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Ϣ֮ǰʱǳޣһμܸоﲻԾ
ʪеĻ°룬ֿѵڰҲõǻ𽣣ԭ򣿡
һȻڷӡ֮УϣٿΧӡϢֻԽ
뿪̷أϵԽãԽܱԼֶַߣ
ʱ˿̣
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Ҿ͵Ļ֡ڰ׸߿ղնϣ·׿ռ䣬ɫԽȡ
ǻ𽣸ң
֮У˵֮󣬽һץ
ǻëУֳ˸һ⽫С
޼ռ䣡
һ֮У뺮ڲػƣĲа
һԼаԪڣǻҲƯ
ԪųХһ˲ץס𽣣
ǼָԪڣʦںԼָܻǶ٣ںϣˣȻԶٴ߶ҷռ䣬κҲв㣡
벻ܵõֲúãֲĶԿţƾڰҪɱذΧҲѣϾ𽣣˵ΪʦʱҲɰ㣬ԣΪʦо𽣣ҶֵģҲô˵ʦһս
֮󣬶̶ʱ䣬벻ԪžͻָƤðơ
ʦ㻹Ȼ䣬ԪƤƣȻƤ֮֮ͨУﵽһйɵӿٶȡ
ɲżȻҲǳ̬״ֻ̬ʿԪ֮ͨпٶȡ
Ϊʦ꣬ǧҲһֱǶ˱˵һˣһϵΪʦҲܿһЩ


828 
ʦܣȻܿʦܴ߶߶𽣣Ʒͷų
һжΪԵʣ㽫ѪΪʦãԺΪʦͲϾҲܿһЩ綾Щ겻ø־綾ĥңûǿھ綾֮¡
һжõģͷţȳȥ׼ţ
֮ʱҴһ뿪޼
Ҫ뿪̷شţ
ոջصڰ˲󣬾ڰһȡ
ͨӦһǰǴƽ磬һŻǾ̷س֮ء
ڰźʱҲû
ȡ𵱿մ߶⽥̷سںϡ
Ϣӡǣ޷óзӦôҡֻڰӲ
ڶϢ
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췢ڰڼ˸γһŻϲһС
ڰ˷ֹܲɹˣҳɹӳ̷أֻҪӳƽ磬ȥͨӳܾʹˣ
ڲҲɫһɣκѶҶԣһδϵսΣս٣Ҳһֿ飡
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Ҫ첽ȥͻȻߣͬʱͷâ
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תϽһԾ߿ա
֮ٶ뿪⴦Ƶ

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ڰٶȶȻӿ켸ִ߶Χһͨ
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ƵǾӢ֮ء
֮ڣڰһĨ籩ٵشӴɵĴ֮ͨԽ硣
ҽ߶֮ǰڣѳһŻһڰܴȥȥͨռ䡣
벻˳뿪ƿռ䣬Ҵ߶ôͨ뿪ŵǽִͨһ̣ڰüЦ

йͷܿƵ󲿷ִͨ
֪ʮɾ룬һŻͻȻˮκϢ춯ˣñһͨʯ
ٿǰǽͨҲһʧ
ڰ˫ĿһֲģͲһ㡭
ڰͣ£Ҫѯʣ
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߿֮Уߴޣһӻû𣬼Ԧ⴩ͨ׽ڰס
֮£޴룬ҲǴޱǱ
Ժ֮УĺڰʱұѡЩ߲ǰ߸ϣδһܳԽǣδȫƵı䣬˵

ڰȻҧסأתٴץ𣬳ǽ̤֮ٱ硣
ߣΪһӣǹˣӦڰ֣ͣȻ㽫޻ͷܣ
䣡
ȻڰĿ棬̺ǿһںϹ֮УɲǼԹԼ쾳ɱڽƵϡ
һ𵴱ը䣬ǽƽ統һӣڰ̤ŵ֮


829 Χ

ҲȻһӰ˲Ӵ
ͬʱץһӡǱըΧͨ߿ɱ
һ¡ը죬۷ӡǽƵףץöǱը⡣
ըҲ׽ΧԼƵ󷨡߿Լ֮
ۣ
ӡƶ£ֻ컯ڰǱӱԵɣڿдһѪȻֳֵ޷赲ߵ
϶ѪڣȻߣߴӺ̤ƶɭɭаеһбȻΪһ֪߲ͨ㣬ڰǲ֪ΪξȲаֻҪ˵žͻһ
ߡڰѱЦЦתǱȥ

һ̣ǰͻȻӿһͨâ
ƽգʵ򰵲ظ󷨣Ǵͨ
޴ӣ˵ףִԲ򣡡ߴӺ󷽱ƽ
ڰֳҲȥһδɳʮɣͼһɹɴͨâ֣ΧҲһ仯
޿ӡ
תߣĮȻһߣûʲôҪ˵ģ
ڰ
ϷȻһ⴩֣ͨΪ߾Ȼڳꡣ
ͨΧҲһâմϵȵȸ߲㡣
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ǰ󲻵κǿ߾ôˡ֮УҲɫһС
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ϷһںһڳŭȼգȻһָаΪɣͽٽаԼǻ𽣣ȻͷϴŶһ档
ΧԽԽ࣬һ˫˫ĿⲻĮǹЦֻǴ侮ʯ
ڰˣڳ깪ʦ𣬹ǵһθ񣡡
մɭȻԺüԣȻһȣǺ⣿ĪҪһߵڣ֪Ǿ·һ㻹֪ڸģ
ڰڻԻͷ˹̷أڳԵ÷ǳż
ڰĬˡ
ΧѾۼǧ֣ҲڱֳĬȴڰѡ
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ϣô
˻һǧֶΪ֮һ
մͻأ·ڰüۣڳꡣ
·˶ڵڳش
ɱ

ڳԼһĵӣڰûһ˿ı䣬㻺رۣҴӴ˲ʦͽϵ
մǳۻһ𣬵ճХǾŹأͽڰڹ棬Ȼ棬Ӫط߱еץסˣ
šڰɲǴ߶

ȶڰ֣һֳֵΪ컯Ƕ쾳ڡ
ݣ
ڰһɱ컯Կ쾳ͷле
һ¡¡뱬ըɱڰû໥һЦȻ֣Ըһ컯´ࡣ
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ţ컯Կסü쾳ӹƣһΡȻ̾
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ҲǳⷬǼ쾳޴棬־Ȼɱһ컯ӡ
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ǿĻϵ
ΧžӢΧæҲ˼
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Ż뱬ըжȥһЩԭ·ֻڰһˣϧʱǣڰԱֳһˡ
˴󾪺ȵǲǸոմӷ̳̳ӣ棿
ȷȥ̳ˣŽ̳ˡ
ǰɼڲռ䣬ͻأ֣ѱܶ˼סʼ½ǿ߶ˣ
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830 ֮
شԱΧָĿ⣬۷׷ףȴڹڰơ
̷ߣȻһŭڳ꣺ϣر쾿ô£һڰҲͰˣһӸսţ
Ҳ˵ȻץסǣȻˮʯõڲ棡ڳ걻쳣ĿţҲڷ
ҲĪȥҾ͸ԭ򣡡
ջֽʱʧ࣬Ȼת緲죺ţΪӪȲааʦҲ˼ҵλӣűһãҴĿģҲǣ
Ԫŵӣ󾪡
մϺȻ˦˦䣺ʵ㻹жͬǱڱڣ
Ȼ¶һݽթߺ߼ЦǻҴʦ֣ȻһŬȻţȻ򣬴ͨƳϵ˰лعаţһƻ̳ˣһ˳ӷ̳̳ѵû˰֧֣ǻաͨƳڰ֧ңԺ̳ҲٻصУ
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ѹմɱȼնΧƣһŭ

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ҪΪǿߣҪȶɹǰѹأɱΧǱػٴɱ䣬Ծţ
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س硢ţԼԫϡ糤Զš
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سΪ˸е𺳣һҲ޷ѹƣγɲ֮ƣּȥɱš
Ҳ֪һ컯ӣ˿ԺһĿֲ
ԫΪ˶Ŀࡣ
Ĵֺ󷽣Ǳղаŵӡ
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䣬š
֮Уڰųǽ̤ˣΧߡ
̷صػߣ߿֮Ҳ̤ƶΧԼԼγͨ
η·Ťţڰߣʵ̫£ܷӰ죡
ȻҶ֣ƲʵûӿٶȣԽΧ߿գе㱻ӡ
ڰԳǿǳ쾳ĴڣȻ컯֣ǼߣҲƼЩϹŶҲ᲻˷ɱ

ǰǴ𵴹֮ڣûһӰһ̣ƺƵӿ
ЩϷһӣ龳쾳ɫɫĵˡ
ˣ
¿ҪŶԿ


831 ɱɱɱɱ
һͣǹƶƣ޿ӡֲϹŶ֣ԭƿش֣֪޷ⷽӳȥ
˵ڰǿЦҡͷʱӳȥûһܣ
Һ׼˶ʲôãʱȻ·ӣұǶһˣ

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罣УָɱɲǶǰͬ߿ա
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ħγɵĸɷ̫а񣬼ԼʿͷϢѹơ
ԶԶϡܿܶʬ壬Щ֮׹䡣
ŴӶԣԭ֮ǰɱˣͻأѪϴš
ܸͣж֮ǰҶԸֶֽйԤ룬ӽңҲҪڽ£οҲһɰˣһëҲȲϣ
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ǰǱը֮УһĳһٶŷԽǱը߿գΧɱȥ
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ڰʹ죬ʹ죬֪ΪμɱͬţӦøоѹ֣һ޷ĳ죡
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桢ڰֱ˫ۡ
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ݣ
Ǿ˸ոն󷽰һĨҲһɶྪˣϷ׿ռһ̱п·һξ޽Ҫնɱ


832 ǧػɽɱ
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÷ᣬʼһţŴ֣ӳȥ
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ۣ
ڲһѪڰҲһˣٴһѪ
ڰƲδܵǰشϾǵƿߡ
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ǧػɽȻղаС
˱ֻһƷӡǡ󷨡Ʒʶԣϳˣͽȡأ
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·ͷУѹ桢ڰֻʱ⣬ջǧػɽջ

һЩǿ߳֡
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桢ڰƯǧػɽڣΧһУűƻ䣬ɶԣȻûơ
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ڰǱЩΪɶǶ쾳߽λȻȲ̷ǰֲֽҲ޷飡
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ħȻʮǿʢ̺ռŲٵ峡ɫĢ͡
Сӣ
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ڱںϣаʱҲע涯ʱи׷ɱֽ
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־֮⣬ٶ̫켸׷ɱ޷׷棬ɵòȻХں󷽳߿ɱ潣

ռڣʱŵɱƣһƬŤ棬ǿԽΧַը
ΧǷԿһָֹơתָһһɽ̼ײȥ
һը潣ɽһͬʼ顣
Էδ棬ȴס
мСģ͸컯Ϊ벻ǧػɽںϵɡ߳ɸ߶ȣǲܵ컯ԸһĶ쾳ͷ


833 ǧ
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ŵŸֿԴ߶磬Ӧڲ
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834 ʦͽ
ɹˣ
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ŸֵճХôӳϲ÷ӡ޲죬סӣ

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ۿҪӷӡ
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̷ҲúˣǾȻƿػδķӡ۸ߺһص
ʧŷ޷Խʮǿߣ
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ݣ
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䣡
ӡɲǼ䷢ʮҲɣ̷ҲƷ

ӡ£ۼֿ죬߶ǧػɽƣûзӡ£գ֮ڴӣԼӡƬ֮зɳ
漤أʦӳˣ


835 
ֻа޶֣ǻֻصУ̷߲δܵشҲֹЩ֣ҰȻȥ
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ʮֱ𿪵ĸ֣ȻܵشȻٵؾ£ǧػɽǰһѪǱǧػɽ
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䣡
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ܷϹͻϮ
ٴαм˵ʣ֮ˣ󲿷ֶٴɡ
а֣ܴӱǰߣ
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潫ǧػɽƣϹҲһϮ
аϹݣɿ棺Ů˭ǶȻռգõ¡
常յŮĸ常֮ʱҡ
ʱһ常Ůǿ󣿡
ʵʱҲ֪и常ʦ֮󣬵ܶʣ˶ˣĸһ˻ţʱ֪и常
˾Ͷˣ뵱Ϊʦĸף͸оһϢޱޡķӡͲ²ĸס㣬зǳбĸڷӡ常йأ
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ŲаһѯʣǱ½һĻĻ£һ
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ΪʦҲˣ컯ֶߣ常Ȼĳһ𵱽ͷ
аٴζϹݡ
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ӣ
趯ͷƣ˵պպոߺ
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ֻʿɱͷԫϡ糤ϣԼس磬ҲС
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ݣ
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ϾаŴʱ˶ڡ
ۡ
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ҲǸ߲㣬䲻Ƕ쾳Ҳ컯۷ǿߣ˳Χ˶ȫӡ赲аɱʱ


836 Ӱս
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˫ߣ߾۾ƿ״̬£Ҳ޷Ԥϡһʡ
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ϴ̷ҲԴĿɿڴţţίʵ벻ףһҲ³
ɱ
ͣ
Χʢŭţעϣÿһͬɱƣһ˲񡢿ƵģӴж˿飬˵ΪһƬƬ⡣
䣡
سҲûͰյٴɱãã󷨺ϻ
ʱаŻȻףҲ㰲ŵģ
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ܣǾ桢аšϹߵʱһԾаŸֻϡ
аżǰ𣬾ƾҲ뺳ţʵ쿪
һӰȻԪŵϷ߿գƵ
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ɱ
һϣҲ֮۸ߺ

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аǻɱ
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ۣ
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䡭
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ǰֶȻһ𣬻ΪһӰ
Ӱ
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Ȼһн֣ҲǷѻȸ
סȴȻһɶߣ˸㺧ƣӰ㻹ҪŹȻΪУҪ֪ڶⷽأſ϶ŽɣϽɭ֣


837 
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л֡
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֣һ֮аַһԪس硢¼ߡ
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ڸ߿֮еĳӰǰӴƹɲǽӡһƬϼ⣬Ȼ䳯˿ʼƬ߿֮Ť
꣡
Ų˼һĻ֡
ӳӰΧӿ԰޴ӰӰһͷͷ֮˳צŴӰȥ
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桢ԼЩаŵӣΪǸ߿һĻĻ𺳣ĶΪ֮һͬڲ
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ײ֮󣬱ײƣֻж쾳ͽλ컯ŵӣ׷һѪͷĿѣ
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潣ɻȿֲϮɱǧػɽ˸⣬·ɽҲҪ
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ϴȥʮ֮⣡潻аŵȥķλá
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Сѵãһ֮ſ⣿ˣմϵͷ
ʢŭ֮»Ӷ֣ƷҲԽɱ


839 
ΧЩϡ߲еƷ汦׷Ҳֶ֮پ߿ɱ֮ڸ߿գ˶𵴡
䣡
ٿܴ֮߶ǧػɽپ˾һ̣ǧķﲻɱǧػɽɽʼҡΣҲ𽥱ǡ
Ŵγɷ籩һ˽һĴǧػɽΪߣʱ֮𵴣һѪ
浣ĵϴǳһ֮
ǳҲ޷濹ǣֻҪһᣬʦ˾ȥ⡭
ĨĨѪ澪ؿǰ߿գǷγɳһδشǧػɽ˲ģҲ֮顣
ٿӳʵӦܴﵽ쾳߽λȻ߶Ѫǧػɽ޷濹⣡

ڴ˿̣汦潣ӺǰЩ߼Խ𺣣ɱǧػɽϡ
ǧػɽڸ߿ճױûʱڹǧػɽд󲿷ֶ潣ֻһٶ
ٲǧػɽջأᷢ飬ǰЩһҵС
ʱҲǧػɽһδܵܵش
ָıӡǣǻͻȻ룬Ϊһ״ͻͻأ룬һˡ

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濴СȴаЦݣһģץסƷ֣лΪʮɶྪˣһɨ

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840 Ӱ
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ʱ˿̣ζӳµı飬ԶԶһĻҲĿࡣ
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һ컯ʿһ֮žӢȻߡ
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Ÿֲδ˶׷ɱٴο׷ٶֱһЩϾǿɶ۷֣ʩչһЩ

ʮڵٴɸᣬٶ׼ɱ
Ӧһҳħȥյ֮УκҲãҲ㽫Ƿһ޷Ըʦ
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⣬ӹȻҪħ䣡
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߶ѪʼΧԴΧȻϢŸӶаϢǳϡ٣յֻ£ȫͿԴ
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ʱŽɣҪﵽ泩״̬ҪܳʱС
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Ӱ촩ֺΧָħյء
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ĶֻǱްˣҲеԨԴ֮ǰ͸ӦŲٸ֣׷һСӣǸСӲ֮ǰָħ򣬴ʱڵ½ǧһؿУȥ֮󣬵ͻϮˡ
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841 
Ųǣ˳ǰһԨȥǱз֡
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ʱ޼Ҳ汻ɣڰ;ٶȣָı䷽򣬳Ȼʧȥƽ״̬µȥ
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ҵƺһЩ٣ǲö̻ᰵѰ䣬Ҳ²ͶԸң
ʱΪ㻯Ϊ͵һӶ޷ֻţһűӻˣ̻ȥԸ㣬֪ǰʱ̻ᴫң˵ڵħɼ㣬ʱҷǳţܴ컯ָͨɣҲܸˣ͸ȤҿԽնɱ
ѩ˵һֻͷŸຮںռζ޼Ϊٷְаѹ㣬Ҵӻ½ڼڸʼ½δһʱ֣ǰҵ㣬۲ɱֶΣ˰ɣ


843 С
Ǻң̹ȻԳ
ҷѩ˶ԸĵˣҲµǿߣֻ컯ϣ޶ұռұˣƭҵˣ棬ҪǧУ
ҵ޿֣
ֻӦҽʩչŽѹں
ֻѩصЦЦҲ࣬ϤѩСһֻҲжԵֶΣûзûޣ㻹ʲô£
΢΢һ裬Ѫʶ㲻û뵽ͷ㻹ѡѩ
С㱾ˡεӦ
棬֪Ϊ㵱ҶЩӹ̻׷ɱԼΪοѹֻޣ
ѩͻȻǱռ䣬˶޼Ϊڱԭǲǣ
Ϊθ㣿״̬棬ȡ
㲻˵ҾͲ֪ڷѩһ̵̬£·һУҸϻػ½һȥ̻Ṻؽʱ⿴һ԰½ͣ벻Ͷ㣬Ҳԭ벻һͳɳ½޼յµһаϱ޼ϣҾŵ֪˶Ѱ㣬Ѱ޼ʱҲʶΪ˲ֶεԭȻҷѩҵõǿ֮һ
½벻Ǵ½һս˷޼ôӹϴҪɱңҲΪҶ棬˵Ҳ޼𷬷𺳡
ǰɳ½޼ֻšɽһһȴڶ̶̼ǰ¡½һ壬һͳɳ½󸣵ءԺΪ֮һΪŴľڣʱ˶֪޼ж޼Ϊ޼ڶ̶̼ǧɳ½ŴҲɵ֡
ϧ޼ǿҲаз磬ִ˴󸣵Ժϼ¸½ӢһΧɳ½޼ڼʱһ嫴½ҲΪһ棬Ϊһأ޼ڵӱɱһﱻռУһֱ޼ɽ޼ȴӰƺĳ©֮ɳ½˵ǰȻѰ
棬ҵöлҴԵ޼ұȥɳ½ͨҵ޼ڵż˵ھ޼ıҿͨ޼ֲڲͬ½޼ԾЩСС޼ڣǻʼ½̫޼ڣʱұһӣӵһ
棬ѩ޼ɵХף棺޼ҵģҲҵģҲڰɫʯԼĲҵģḯڴˣΪ׹ǣ
þòŻ벻һŮӣҰģʱѩǸӣİΣ
˿һҰģŮӾͲôҷѩҪ֤˿ҲҪԽӣҲҪƷ磬˵½ǿҪΪǿߣ
ˣˣ

˵ʱʱ죬벻֮ǰķѩһٿȻһһں⳯沱ն
ԷѩֲٶͨδɱоΧռ·̡
ֻܾһ̴߶ǧػɽ
ûȵͷţٿȻɱǰ
ѩ̫µٶȣ綤ӱ
ٿ
ڷѩȻͨɱǹٶ֮ǰǴ߶Щ
֪һͻȻһӰ
Ӱһǰһҧס⽣޺
ڹŹһ⣬ʱ˿̣Χ·Էѩ
޼ֿǰ޼
˭֪һ̷ѩ̣ﻨʧɫ㾹Υҵ־ѵ㲻֪
Ҳ⣬벻һ̰ԼģǺ
ҧ飬ҲƤëâҧ֮ǰС㿿ѹ棬ҵʱͺԥڸǧķϣҲû֪ͨҲѹ꣬ѻˡ
Ǻ⣿ͻѩǸ
Ҳ֪Դǧ꣬㶼һȥʹκԴ㣬ҡβʩңҸͲͬտʼѹ֮⣬ʮδжʲôԴңҾˣԺҵ˲㣬棡


844 ϷŮ
ѡңһУҾҪնףƤëһ磡뷽ѩжʢŭ
ᣡ
һԲ棬Ȼ˫ֳԼϷ
䣡
ԭһ˼ŷѩҪɱԼֳûȡһЩʱ䣬п޼ʱһץ
޼Χ飬ѩڴʱףУǱ
ৣ
֮˫ץϷԽ޼ԴɺΪӡžһ´Ӻץס޼
ʱ˰룬γɰκ֮ơ
ȥɢעһĻʱͷĺȥѩ
ͻȻһХǧȥҸоŮҪɱ䣬δʩչʵףмְ޼޼һʱκβңٻ
ã
˵ͻΪһĨ⣬¸
ѩ޼һɨ棬·翪֮벻ҿ⣬֮ͽƤ
˲ôѡң˵ĳЩ棬ǿ㣬ħŮ껹ң汩ŭһ
͸ˣԺлȥѹ꣬һǵһʵȻռ˱ˣΪһҪ㣿
ϴʩչ컯ӲҵһèһֱǵãлУҪúĥ㡣
ˣӦˣȻҵӣ仹û˿ҵӣҪ
ѩ㲻˵һ벻ϸϸζͻĵطͻ̵ĵط̣Ƥֹ⻬еԣǻ½ÿĿеŮ񣬿ϧһ仨һͷˡ
ռұ˵ˣûгһ̿ʼעǸˣ벻㻹е֪֮Լ
ǰԸ⵱һͷ֮ǰ˵ôԸ⵱һͷԹ仨
ޣôĹƾΪʶ㵱ûʸһʺ㣡
ʱѩڹȻϷԼ˵жƿ޼ǺӡҲ΢΢
ȻһЦŮӺϣ㷽ѩˮܽأǰҲν
ûˣ޳ܣ·𿴵Ǳ飬ѩͻأһҪڳ
۾֮ǰҾͺú£ҺڿʱֻһʬһֻϣУҿȴһ·ֻصԡһ̡
סڣ
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˺õľŮһͣҪ˶һͣЩؤ㲻ǵ˶𣡡
ھͽǧУ
ˣ
治·ѩУͰͲסɱ⡣
Ǽаģŭա
ͷŴҲһ̣Ҳȼճ棬ٶһץ޼һ׽ѩӡ顣
£˶õĶ֮ӡ飬ѩҲ˺벽
޼һڻصУȴ˫ͫڨڨЦݣŷѩ¸£жãСǰȥ԰ѳָ֣оϼѣ
С
ɲɻһ㣬ӷѩǷ˲串ǰ׿ռ䣬ΧǧҲʼ˿
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Ǿǰ͵һתת֮ƣΧ˿׷顣
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ѩ治ǰǸɱϣ޼֣㻹ѹң
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ѣ
󷨱ɲڵؿ߸߿ɱһ
ѩֳֵʢŭ֮£ŭĿ档


845 ǿ
˫Ҳȫס޼ڿܼӳֶþȫ߶޼
ƴˣȻóһƴѩֻʩչǿʵδƵʩչһֶΡ
꣡
ھײڶϢ벻Χռͻأ˺·иΧؿ߿ռ䡣
䡭
һϵ絶޼ΧͻȻ桢ѩ𺳿Χռִ˺Ѻڷ졣
ѩһæץסϵ絶Ҫ޼״̬£
ɪɪҷѩ벻һ컯ʿ֣սռ䶼ĵز޼û޼϶ǣҶ
һ죬ִЦ¸£ϣҲʻˣڷ·⻬ǰܸо£㣬Щ㹻һζ
ۣ
һ仰벻ѩԿԼ޼״̬֮£֮һѪ
ͻͻͻ
ΧԼǶ˰˷ʼɺڷ飬Ȼܴ󲿷ֶǺڶһûһ˿¶ȵռ䡣

һռӿУҺʱץס޼
ռ䣬㲻Ҳʧ棬˵ǿ֮УԶããǺӣҲֻ·һѩò⣬̰޼ɲ㱻Ǻ֮УҶԲֵһᣬǷ

ռͬʱ벻ѩõ޼Ҳץס޼һࡣ
涸Ȼ󷽣ڶڲޱ޼ʣ·վһȥǰ𺳡
һں⣬벻ǿ޷ѱУҲڲ
ǺһУκʿܻŻ棬޼ҵģ֮ѩͷŸຮҪ޼ʼ޼
ѩ
һ̣ͻȻ񣬴Ц涢ŷѩ
ѩʶһֻ֣Լǰȴջȡ
һЦǺӵĸо𣿡
㡭һ̣ѩͫ׷Ŵ
ǰֻ̤Źذ벽ǾͶһ˽˼½ããǺӣҪһˣ
Ȼһ̣߶޼
޼ȻƣԷѩ֮ԼΧռ䣬ٴֲܵ𵴡
ѩֲתߣҪ
Ů˾Ͱ˵ѣҪȴ˵Ҫɣ㶼ң֮ȴ

޼𵴣ٴθռӰ졣
γɵȷѩߣռħ̽ԴȽ޼룬ǽҲڵķѩҲһ˽ȥ
ʧ֮󣬵ؿƬռ䣬Ȼںڶ״̬ԼϢƬʮɾռ俪ʼϣ״ָ̬ͨ羵Ȼռ䡣
Χ桢ԼһЩʯйһĶɱ
ޡˡ·һз׷׶δ֣Ѱһ˿ټ

˭Ҳܸһ𰸡
ҲǵħĳʱգֻǴ֮޾ǿա
˷ҹգڶһƬҲѰȻ磬Զû⣬ִܿССʯƯǿ֮УûҲûκǱ硣
һЩʯ֮У澹ץסһʯһ㺮ƺѱֻʶץסʯԼǿ֮ƮøԶ
ʯһƯţΪһ糾
ˣˡ
һⶸȻü˸ڼȺ档
Ȼڱ֮£ɼûһѪڣҲǣĿġ
ǰ״̬£֮ػһһָʱȥƣûԱ仯ƺ֮£ҲʧȥҪ
ʵ˵̫أԷѩͻϮǵ˿ڣкüѪϸоһ˿
ˡ
һֱں档
ӽסʯڴʺڰ֮Уоʱػᱻغڰû
ȡ
ƯãǺһδκЧ
ʬ棬ͻȻһϱѺۣδȫѿͿȣüųƤ


846 ǿ
һ̣һȴǺһƬһ
ڸߺˣˣ
ΧĪ˲ɣΪڣûһ˿⣬ҲǱģΧһжϢ
˰ʲô벻һ֮ǰ뷽ѩڵħԨȻγƻȻռ齫Уڽǿһֽ̣ѩǿק˽˯һʱ䣡
ͷۡԭˣҼǵˣұռɣҲŷѩһ汳ôо˿֪ƫƫǱһܼһ
㱻ǿһ̣ײҲٴش壬һײ̫ң˲˹ȥǱʶʶǿңסһң̫Ƕ쾳Ҳ¶ȴ
ˣѩأ
˼ʶû˼ָͻȻоûһһ˫ҾѰš
ǿ֮󣬻ϵ絶壬Ҳܵش֮УҲ֪ҲĳǿƯš
ܻѩضҲţΪʵԽңҲǳˣӦǿ֮Ҫá
ѩǷǳ
廹ûһоҵͷǧػɽǺ֮пֲë׶סǿ֮޷ɺȻ
ͨԪҲή״̬ܿһʶ
ҧһᣬϤɽǧػɽɳΪһɶྪˣС
뷨ռ䣬˲亮ʧһЩǿ֮ǹɺ־Ҳʧһ룬ĿǧػɽΧһЩ飬ǿ֮£޷Կ֮

С
̾˿֮һݾǿ֮£ҲҪǿ֮
οһʿ
Ȼڵ֮Уһɫ̾Ϣǿִ˵ȻģҲʿֻ·һ
ִڴˣ޷Ǻ޼ڻвٿܣڻٶʣһЩо֮ǰѹ֣ڿɶ
һ̵ڣδǿһ԰˵ļǣ޼дʬ壬ҲиֱʯʯԴʱԴǻıǮ
Ϊ֮һ
ϧ˫ֵʱ޷һ£ӵͨԪʿ޷ƣֻҪԪڣܲٿԪȡ
Ԫ֮ϱӶڲԪʶ߶޼ڲӿ΢
ʼһ˿˿ӿڣľʼӾӿϤϢ·紺ůӭ״ָ̬ȻԵ΢
һ˿˿þڲߣϢϱգڻָһ֪
˻ָٶ̫Ȳǰٷ֮һֻܻ߶ͨԪһָ
ҺΪСŮģ޼ֶڵռΪ滤
ָ״̬£ǧػɽ壬ûвȻʵڷѩû°ɣ
ǲޣԽңѩɱģҪѹΪã
˼һᣬ̤ʵڵռ䣬ǧػɽΧѱǣú޷͸ָѡ
ʱۣһξǼꡣ
Ȼչ˫ۣܳ˫ֳ壬Ҳ
ǰԼĪʱ⣬տŻָһɣԿָٶȻ
΢΢ӡȻЩ
ɴӴڷɳƷƷʯԼֱʯʯһЩָƵ
ԴƯڵռڣҲͬʱڰһЩѪ򽡣
ѪֺȻȥԴΧʼԴ
ѩһѪ鲻٣ǿճһѪ֮顭
ʮֻѪ֮ЩͷŸѪ򽣬Ŀǰ˵ֻܿѪ
ٴνӡ֮ʮ߿ʬҲһ֣ҲѪһա
Щǰڵħռ󲿷ӪԪʱ߶ʩչͨʣ࣬ʱԣһ˿˿Ҫ


847 ӹ
ѪʱʱһֻһֻصڣǸ֮ǰһ˿˿ߣڳΪһɹӿ

֮ԴҲ֮Դ
ʱ˿һɹڱߣĲҲ֡
Ѫ𶼿ʼȼգӿ£ʼһָ
ء
𽥻ָ£Խ壬ҲøӦ鿴ȫ
벻һ֮һǶѵģȫ֮һѱ顣
ѩһȻһɱңҲŽˣ㲻Ҳƿأ
к޵һŮ˾Ѳ̾ϲδ飬󲿷ҲģָҪʮʱ䣬ѪҲ⵽ƻһЩѷ顭
ֻҪϻָѪԽȣѪָܽһջѪΪҪûвѪռ·һ
˵ΪԣѪ󲿷ֵطΪ״״̬Ѫ˿һ𣬻йܿط˿״Ҳˡ
һ뷽ѩ֣ЩΪ״̬Ѫ֮£𽥴һõı䡣
ҲżˣˣأָٶҲȲǰûʮ꣬òٸı䣡
ӵвѪֻҪһָڻԽԽ졭
۲ڱ仯ɫɫѪҲʼӿ֮ǻӡӡҲ΢΢ͷŹ
ޱ£Ѱʱӡӡûһ˿仯Ȼ״̬£ӡǿʼͷ󣬷·ڤڤ֮ػ
ѩˣοɰҺˡͻȻڨڨЦ޾ǺӣҲʧ
˵ѩĳǿգµ
ҲûΪҸ̫߳࣬ʵҲǣܴ߶򡢵ȵȾкܴܻҲϣߣñһҪŪһǧ顢һ飡
ˣѩǾˣʸܷ㡣
ɱұƼˣ׻˵ĺãӼ˻ҧˣұƼˣʲô¶óȻååͲˡ
ѩҪɱ㣬һɱ㡣
бƿǿջŰɣ˵ңԶǿ֮У
һЦȻǼɵѩ
һ޷йͻȻоһˣһŮ˲ɣ
ץʱִָ߷һЩѪڻγվʯʯʬ
ǧػɽҼһϴʯԦʯ֮УһɸӰС
ʼ½
ɭ֣
ҽ󣬻Ǵ߶ǽɭַ飬ҲҪ桢ڰаҳҪˣҪʬ
ŵӣ߲£Ϊ󷨣ʩչ潣󷨹ƣһƲɱɭڲ
һƬȲϵħһ磬Ҳһյأ˿̴Ǹ־˱ը
մŸ֣ΧЩϣڶÿ´﷨
ϧɳɱⷽյأȻ¶ģҪԲаŸϾɱ

ߣΧ߿ŵ
մżӭӡ
һ˫Ŀ⣬̶⣬һɨǰڶ֮еĶɭ֣ӰҹȻ뱾ԣ̫ŽɡɽڹͨǺһӰ
մϹӰڴ֪꣬ɱ˶ٸӣ̫ŽɱػǲӰ벻ܴ֮ͨ£ȫӻش˵أ
ϾǶǿ֮һ̳Ϲʵ൱Ӱʵѷǳͨ졣
һҲһŶ֡
ƳӰҲҪƳаˣҪڰ׽ҪȻѪ
ǣ
˶ܸӦɱ⡣
ڶɭ״Ԩ֮£ิԨռ䡣
һЩΪǱʯѨֲݴ֮С
һ
ڲаŵϢһʯڡ
аڴ߼ʯʯ֮УӿڣһǳӰƿش
ǳӰаָ
س硢硢ڰڲԶҲڻָ֮С


848 Σ
ʱȻӰͶȥ⣺ǰʦƿнչ
Ŀҡͷ̫ݣˣҲ󲿷飬ҲܵشԱΪֻʦָƣԺҲ޷У
ڲǹҵʱȻûлӦ𣿶ȥˡȻ֮еĲаȴ͸ŵǡ
籧ȭʱ̴ڸӦ֮УлӦһһʱ䷢֣ǰõģ
سҲ񣺡֮ǰȥ֪ŲδץסʦܣֻʦҲ֪Ҳ޷϶ʦֻеȣԮ缯ӣҪǸϾɱ
ɭǱ̣ȻǶЩ֣νߣҵӦֶΣҪһյҵԨ죬ڡǳ򶨡
Ҳʱ̸ӦϢ
ղаǴڻ֮̿УҲɿ
ɭ⣡
һЩֺȻ߿ա
ͷǻմ뼸ݲĳϣֱӶһЩڸϻط̳ٴŸ߲ϣһӢԮһҪɭ֣һҪ󷨣һ̫ŽɵԮҲ˼֮ء
ǻյ˲ô죿ϴ¼ҲйϵڻϳּΪѡ
Ѳ̳桢ڰ¼޹أʱ㲻ȥģȥж
ͼֳȥ
ԼʮŻΧ뿪
Ϊ𣬲ŵӣ˿Զɭ֣Ƿȥ
ŵӡƶǸ߲ɡ

˫۾ȴڶʮж
Ϣڼ󷽣ʮ˷ɽŷ̳
ԼԶɭֽף֮У߳һӣȻ½ţӹӡ
ͻȻ߼ץסӾͳˣڻŷ桭
ǣӣ˾ȻǶǵǿߡ
һᣬǰʮԶֺͻȻըһƬƬֲԼҫ
ӹԶֶԶںܶǿ߶ѶҪŵץסǶΪ޼벻꣬޼Ϣʹ½ͨÿ½ɼ¼ϳ޼ӵߣ·ֿ»ڽӵҪҵ䡭

һϮӹҲһ
ʱһϿȣ֮ǰ¾ͷ˵ŵӡ
ǿɲҪƭң治֪䣿ʲôѱţǵĻʣӹӲȻŭ
ŵľƭ㣬ڼǰȻţŸ׷ɱӴ˲֪ټҲ
ۣ
һϮͷ׷׹ء
ǻᣬȴԼҪѰּӹӼġ
үǽô죿ִżɵʵ
Ҫڴ֮ǰץס棬ҲవдŸвٸְжһѰ棡
ӹӻָϢżݿնȥ
ɽ
ŷ̳أΧǻմŴڽǰȴ
ǰʮӰΪǻ
ͨƳϴһ࣬ͳһʣϣĪǻˣ·⣿
ǻЦټ֣ʲô·ʱвǷ̳Χ֣ҲеӲʧپǱɱӰайأ
Ҳǻãô˾סһˣڰֽ˾ߡ
˵Ǹ桭һϷˣԩǷ
ҲʧȥϢ֪Ҫץ̳
ͨƳϴʱһһɱ֣ҲǷȻʵҲԼϴһΡ
ǻƼһǱ̳
ʱɱкüˣձȭϣղ;˺Щˣټ̳һ־ӢҪˣȥɭ֣
ǻŻ֣Ƿ̳Ҳʱӱ͵Ϯ¼һЩٹ֮ڰжǣһǲǳӰаڰеҪѰҷ̳𣡡


849 Ѱ
Ҳ·š
ԼӼǰʼ̳½½еʧ٣Ī
ȷǲӰйأղϮǼˣΪһֳֵ˿֮ƺЩа磬Ӧǣ¶棿
˸Զɻһ˿ٽ
ɽһȻϿȣȻԨһظΧȻΪһ塣
ڲһԼʮˡ
Щ˶һۣûҲӰӡ
ˣϷԻʥصǿߣԭʥ
·ǧĺѩͨ顣
ˣ
ڴʱ˸ӰΪҲһոʮͷӣȴһ̺ʿòԣһͷһ㳤
ʹôͻأȥһߡ
ʦ֣
Ϣʮˣһͬס
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û㣬һȥ
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Ƭ̼䣬һ׷ԲԵߣǰŽǷն
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850 ѩĺ
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851 ǺƯ
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ֲҶԸаѣѩأΪʵԽңӦûа飬ʱԸң
һѩܶԸаŮ飬ǾͲˣʱػ汻аסԸ
ˣֻϵķ⣬׸
ҧţһҲѪ׷ƣһĶҲûжٰգܶԸа飬Σ

֮ȻоƣϾǳ䣬вѪ
زԼѪ֮УȻһɹⱼ֮ƱȫѪȻͷųѪҲ
ַһЩʶ鿴ڵزΧ£
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ʶֻصԺԺڲѪʱȻ󲿷ҲΪɫɫ֣ȻѪ֮Ҳд󲿷ɫ
仯ֹЩ׷ɱչƶѪ𣬾ȻһΪһֻΪɫѪһֻΪɫѪ
ɫѪһֳ̬ɫѪԼ̬ܿ
Ѫʱ˿̣ǰԺѪ֮УΪࡢ״塣
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ʱ˿ҸоһʩչĲ٣ǾһŸұҪָʵﵽ۷Ըа飡
ʱ޼ѹ֮һһʬ˲֮УѪ


867 ҵ
ܿǧѪɣӿڣΪһ֡
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죬ɫɫѪչƶ׷ɱƣܿû¹ƶѪ֮г֣Ҳһʧһ㡣
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ԿƲ󣬵ڲӵδĿռ䣬ԪһЩطӡ֮ţѪʵһռ䣬㹻ƳѪɱ


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ȴڶһ⣬̫Ž̫ϴ϶ڤ
ڤߵһҪǽ޼Ǹĵ࣬ôǶŽȻվ϶άš
˵ܶΣղаӣʮǰаߣͲţν˽㣿벻ղһһ͡
Ͳٷϻȥ޼޼һҲǵǿ󷨱֮һռ˵ΣҲмＸ
糬Ʒϵÿһ½ǿʵӵУһӵ޼ֻһ֣̰Ĳӭľǻ𡣡
ǿʼ½һǣɽڣɽڰͲƲϵҲǿߣ½ֵǿߣһȡ޼ֻпҶŽɣ
ȶǴˣΪһǶҶŽɲʸõ޼ֻҪȸ̣̱ػȣųΪ̷ֽ̣
ǧͷڵĶڤߣš
˻һöŭͷȻһҲҿ
Ψ񣺡ǰҲ̫۸ʱ侮ʯ
˵侮ʯŽɶţ˳Ϊǻס޼һʱ룬Ʋһ꣬Щ˷ɱȻȺ֮ž͵Żɡ
ߡ
һץͽ顣
ɼж
ǽô죿پͷ
Ϣ֮ԥ׼ȻΧǿȥǣ沢ŵӣղаŵӡ


873 Ʒ֮
˵ǱȻš
˫ͻȻһԵƣָ֪ǣż֮򿪵жȥӭǽѰԼ޼
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˶һӰĸ֮Ƥ
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յԨ֮£ٴǱڸΣյԨһڣӰаһΧҲмԼس硢ԫϵˡ
ӰңǻͨƳϣŲٵӣŷ̳ԴԶɽ̳ǷʮɱʮӣŵӶ̤һĸֵһվȻŽ֣־ͻȺ֮Ųһ꣬ƾ군ˣ
سΪԾ벻ʦϾȻն޼޼ǰŶϽ޼ڣѹ޼ڶٲ벻ʦܣҪΪѩܣű˷ɱ
챦ߣܶ඼գЩᷨԴѪȷ磿޼ڱŴԼִٲΪһаʱܻ޼ڣζԿ˷ǿߣЩ˽Ϊǻ׷Źţаǳ򾲣ֶȻɫһ䣬ӰµʱǴҲ桢޼ػ֪ҵӣʱɭҲΣգһյؿмܲס´ɱ
ֵǼпܳΪʵЩ׼ĳħ䣬شﲩӵ̳Ϲ־Щǿ߽ܳΪǵıɡ
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ܲˡ˾ֱɱ
ңңǿɳǳǸִСʣʯǿ֮Ưš
ʯ󷽳һ壬޴Ưǿ֮УΪųǺӴ
ĨǴʯһ㿿ɫ
ԭڷɽɽһһ뷽ѩ
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Ҫǿд򿪾ݲܽƷ磿Դһ֪


874 ξ
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һɫͻȻ纮⣬ͫ˸ŹоǴʱʱһξҼһŮӣұһҶӡǡ
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875 
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ովѩȻұԼüģһӰ⣬ĵ

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ѪԨΧǿߣ̶ʱֶԸһ컯һδν棬Էһ컯̶̬ȣš
ֻҪѰҴ伴ɣ˭ҵнҲͣ
ǣ
һڸ˷ȥ
֮£Ӧƽˮ硣
쾳ƽɱ뺣棬ںҲγһྪƻըʮ߶׶쾳ͷɱըΧѰ䡣
ǧ״ֱ֮£Ǳƶøƻƾ赲⡣
ǾףһЩ֮ɸܣҲھ֮ϡ
ƾͷųһ֮ڣûһκˮһˮΧ
Сѣֱɢһ򲻹ɵǻˣ
ʱڴڻָ֮Уƾ׻͵ϮҲ̫ġ
˲ȼոԴҲóһ컯ҩС̷ֿϷĶȻ𵴵ĺˮ磺Ϸжʮ쾳ͷ׷ɱ̻ǲŹҵģ
ҵϣЩˣƽȥ½µҩСоʼںҩһϰٿŵҩɡ
ֶϷЩɱӰһɱ޴ɶ㣬·Ǹ磬жǿޣȴ½ϵĴǿ󡢿£⺣磬ѹʿ
ʱɫֽ䣺㵹õģҴʱǵɱЩб׻½ǰжˮʩչͨҲᱻƴ󲿷
ɵ͵߲ϲߣӮӣô꣬Ůĵһ򣡡
Сݣ˫ȴΣҪߡ
һ濪ʼ΢΢߶ƾףͷţ΢ںš
ϴ֮⣡ԪҲӸֶ̻ں桢ԼΧ죬ûи׷ɱֻʮɱϴҪɱǣ̫ˣ⺣Ǿҵ£ϴģҾһʰǡ
Ƚ޷ʱӳȥͷâ֮
ȻãЩּâͺ׷ɱ
֮ϷǴˮˣѻֱָš
СǱʱƾ״֮£ܵٿƣƽء


890 淢
ٶȺҲСٶȣ֮ϷǶʮǿߣ龳ٶȲ׷ɱһɱۿ䡣
ʱ׷һϷһСӣȰдź㣬ǳ֤
浱ûߵȴһᣬвǲҪ׷ɱ㣬򵺴½ǽ͡׷ɱǶǰһ
Сŵñͷܰ㣺⣬ô죿ﶼȥãӽԺҪ׷ɱô죡
ͻȻק棺ɵ취
취ʱҲûɶð취Ȼ˼Ҫ׷ɱǣȥͶȻͶҲĨɱң
УΪ㣬Ů㣬㣬ҲкЩ鷢ɵ취£ȻҾһֱ㣬ȥҾȥ
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СҲûŮ֮𣬾§š档
һᾡ취СûޣȻҲδԷǸŮˣиŮӡ
ʱ˫ͲʮɣʮͷԦף֮УͷųγһƬ⾧Өâ
˫ǧȻתȻ¶ɭɭЦݡ
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ЩǿҲˣǰһˣֶΡļƹƻ棬һ׷ֱʩչƾ£ίߣ
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ȴͻȻʩչִˮݣСǼǱǳȥ
ȥǾһǿ߼״Ӳżһ໥׷ȥ
棬߿֮УѪԨɲǴʮɱ
׼ѹӣһӳҪܻ׽ͻ׽ѪԨյ·ִһʱ档
Դ͵ꡣ
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Ӱٶȣȴǰɹһ˫˫ͫȻ·ʮðˮݡ
ӣһַ׷档
ʱӰһŴԴˮ֮̽ǻΪ棬·аЩ֣ǰǸ֣һˮйﳯͻأ
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âƺܽɶ飬ֽһ嫣ұâУûܵ˿Ӱ졣
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֮пתܿͷۻҲˣҲץסգۼ֮бڡ
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СӲԶ˵棬ͰͣǡǴꡭôĹꡭͷ
ֲܿٿٶЩ֮ϣʵ޷ӳ½һ룬λ֣
ʱ߶УɲһͨҲ򣬿ƺ֮пռ䣬֮κκˮԻΪУ˵йƼһͨҲһ
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Ҳ벻׾ʰһΪﵽ쾳۷浱굽ʱʵʮʵܴﵽ쾳⺣֮Уʵ޼ͷҪֲĶ࣡
ķ˻֮ϴмִΧߣȥ׷ǣˣ
ǰһֹƿһԶų档
ಣ
ƾͷƣ汣Сںˮ֮зУ°׻ˮˡ
֮ǰ׷ɱңڸʰǣϷ
һɨ֮ɲǴ߶޶һ޶飬һʯϷֱѹȥ
־ؿһĻű֮ģ߶Լͨɱһâ
ϧɱĹƣͱ֮ĥ룬޶һƣ׾ͽͷ顣
СòŻعҴô̻ʲôʱ䵽ֵزɱɱĺãɱʹ죬ɵͣ
һԻȸԾ
ְô½Դһ޼֮Ӵվ޶ơ
Լ㣬ʧȥĴ󲿷ٴ߶Ʊף׷ױˮûʼæ˲Ͼ޶
޶ѹǣһ׷Ѫǵɥǵʡ
ɶ񣡿ɶ񣡡
֮ϣ
Ҳ͸ǧѪԨ˵ȴţ֪ȴʱҲӳ
ѪԨʱִɱף޼ɱ뺣֮Уʩչֻ쾳࣬ûаٷְٰѹ档
ΧҲ±Ʊ顣


891 Ƴس
̻Ἰ㳲ô֣ѪԨ򣬽ջòһ컯ʿ
֮£
ҪۣҪ
汾ƴһѹ羨ϺһڣΧָţ·һĻ
ԦƾףСݶС汾ͻײдͷ¶ЦݣŻȻ򣺡ꡢ
Ƿݲʧ֮һڽǶҲڡ
ʱڿռ䣬һڣ桢Сһʮʬ壬Ǹոճ¶Щ֡
ܿڶأҲһΪˣƱһ̣Щǿֻˣ緢һմȾֻ
СΧ磬Щػӿ
һâڲԪ񣬲һ߸ߣԪΪ컯Ҳ磺ϴȥδڴֱʼ½
ƻָɣ
ҲɣϴǵٶȰɣȥʼ½ٶͦġ
ȥ򵺴½ǵҸطˣֻлص½ǲȬһ졣
ٺ٣ϴģ
ԪֺХȥ
СͻȻִ§ôѱ˾޴ģ쾳۷ͷһһ
Цҽ˿ǳ
ɵɵȴϾˣҰɣܸѹķӣԺں棬òڣȥ½
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ɵ
Сֶſϡ档
ʱҲӦϣӦ󶯾ǿ׷ɱ
޼ͷѪԨ棬Ϊ֪֮Уʵжྪ˸߶ȡ
µָ򵺴½ͻȻܳӰС
о˹ϵȻС򣺡ɵ벻ǸҲ鵤ãƻָ࣬ʵҲ٣ȥҲл컯̤쾳
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˽ɭ֣һᣬòȥ߿ա
Խζʧȡ֮ϢҲڰв鿴򵺴½ͼҪʼ½󸣵أƬ½һΪӵ½ԼΧ졣
ΪѪԨԼ̻ǰţӵͼɼһƳسǣ򵺴½һǳأ᳾ٳҲصһӡ
εȸ
᳾һǿĴڡ
ΪƼܵرӻ̻Ƽ²ҵȻһ½Ȩͨ졣
һϿϢСӣһЩҺɵ򵺴½ʿɣǲǴӵܣôǮܿһͷ޴벻һڻɽҰ룬һӸ磬ιôǲǸչǾˣȻһ壬һ˸ҳԵģȵģԺҳԴõˣ˵ܱϵΪӣ
ˡСԴÿʲôⷬ׼棬㽫ȥĹ³
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¶ǹ¶ɵɵŴ󺣹֣Ҳи鵤һףһǻ¶
治ƭ㣬ǹ¶㲻ͬǹ¶ȴҵõ˴Сչˡ
ߣһνͣһ컯ͨʿ챦λڣ̻Ÿɣ
ҲԽͣˣҾȥƳسǣ̻ᵽںǣ벻ǻȥϳ˳ҲҸأԺⷽ򵺴½ȥǰںƯ㿴
ɵɲܶҲܰ㵱Ҳɵôɱ̻һˣǾͻˣɱʮ֣ǻ򵺴½һֱȥ

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ԣҲδ潫СߣֻƼˮ꣬ڴȵ̻ΣգǿߴӴ˻½Ѱ
ϢٴγԼĪ֮ͨٶǰƳسǡ
ǾҪʮƷʯƳسǱȻʼ½Ҫʮ˾޴ǳرǿ籣ţܶǿϢӽ֮سʿҲ컯Ϊϡ
ǳؽ÷ǳݳޣǽÿһɣƷʯǶһͻʯ񣬷·ػǳء
ڵ涼һʯ̳ɣֵǳؼջ׵ȳ
뷽ܿһƬɽ¶Եڳǳ룬ֵƣǽڻʹ
ܵɽģȻǵƳسȨʱʱվɽ۸£Ƴسģεơ


892 컯
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²ԴȥҲЩϲ
ڣ;Ƴسμһޣڰʱ̸ţЩ
һ֣桢ΪΣڷӣеϴôʬ壬ǿԿʼ˰ɣ
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ҲǮˣһУ桢ڲӡóʬ壬ԼپʯʯŴ߶򽿪ʼգܿһֻֻ򽳯³
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̽Ǿؽ֮һǼƷ̽𣡡óһڻ¯̽ƾһͶУȼա
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ڼСǳ룬Ҳ棬ʬ岻£ͱһգʬҲ£Һûʬ塣
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ӡ֮еĻ¯ҲϷ̽ԼƾףѪԴ;Ҳܰ־ѪħҲںɫ½Դ޼Ҳʯס
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زѪҲоɫɫͻͨѪ£ʼû̬
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һڸӦÿһӰһ棬ʩչͨÿһգʶǰһѪɵӴ磬ѪҲҪ
ܿѪĤ໥֯Ӽݣ򽡢ͻѪ洦ɼ
ǿջǶ䣬̤䡢䣬ѪڻָţûһδܵشҴʱ̤ʵӦøӲȻƶ˶һδͻƴܴӰ졭
Ӵһڲ磬ʱֻ̾
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˵ǿ֮öʮ꣬ʱ䣬Ҳд޷ݵӰ졣
޽ѻָ˳ɣ״̬ȻֻŻָ߳ңҪӴ
ʮЯԴҲһʾ˲ƸڶںϣնɱͷֵĿܣ
ͻƽ֮Ҫ⵹Ѳ⣬ʱʱ̿ҲѪԴ
עڷϣ¯Ϸ̽𣬴ʱֽ
ȻһĻؿռһ硣
ʶ֮ǰ磬ԪΪ磬ʶڲһ
ˣ
ͨԪǰƯһͷ⣬ӭĵ
ͨԪںϣͷųĶɫâһʱͨԪΧ˸
Ԫ񲻶ϽӡΧпʼ仯һ㣬һȦȦһྪˣȻӡԪ仯âҫ£翪ʼâ仯໥ӳ֡֯
ΧԪޱȰԵڲκһԪƣܻɱԪ񣬶ͨԪĵ͵ҳʿԶŵ
һȥ


893 Ѫ׷
𣺡ˣԺԪһǱʶػأԼԪκθְпӣҪ磬ҽԻڵһʱ䷢֣Ҳһη
󣬴ʱʱ̿ЦǵƷ˵ƷƷƷϡٷڣЩǿҪɱԪ񣬶ǳ룡
ٿ¯֮Уȼţ̽Ȼ̣ʱδٻһ˿һ
زںһ֣ʱʱܱ֮̿Уڻϵ֮ǰü
ʱڻָ糣Ҳʱʱ̴ۣ̿дϣԼȫÿһ͸
ǿ
컯ĸо
ǵ޼ָ׼һҪǰʼ½
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硢Ʒ׷ʧ¯Ҳص޼
СҲһ䷿ɵҲǵģƳس棬Ҳȥ䣡
㵨Ҳ֪̻̣
㶼Ų꣬һʲô̻ѰڳѰټ֪ʲô󷽷׷ǣ͵͵ڳѰң
Ȼ᳾ţԼѪԨǿ֪޼϶ṫȻѰң͵ڸˣ޼򵺴½õҵ޼
һЦС뿪
һЩϡؽϣҪռһЩ¶Сȥ̻תתҲԻʼ½֪һЩ
ʼ½Ϊ޼Ʒд½Ϊ֮Ŀǿ߸ȥʼ½Ѱ޼˶޼Ҳ֪ڲǰȽɢ
ɢŵڶ򱻸ץŵӿд޼䡣
һע⣬޼ڻǴ޼ŵǿߣҲ׷ȥʼ½Իָ޼ڡµһȵΪںţҪõ޼ҲҪٽ޼ڡ
ӴԼ޼ڴˣҪڻʼ½ٽ޼ڣ̫࣬ҲЩţǿӿʼ½
Ц֮治УִҲҴŽɢӱ׷ɱҲǻã벻Ϊңۣ֮Ҳʦʦ֡ʦ㣡
ʼ½ȻҶԣһμ䣬úõĴ˵꣬ˣҲҪȥʦһ㣬Ȼ޼֮´Ӳķ½Ҳ֪ҵĶ˵Ҳȥʼ½Ҫ棬ʵǱ½ƻٽ޼ڣ
аšš򡢻ʼ½ֻҴǱ½һݰˣͨڻʼ½һ죬ڳΪһҲɿʼʵ롣
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ϢҲУʥȻڲͬ½֣ΪԸʥ̣󸣵ءԺѹȻʥ´Ŵɳ֡ǿߡɱһ½֧Ԯһ
ҲΪԸʥ̣ڻʼ½֡
һϢҲĲĿħ½ʼֶڵħھȻǰħħҰĳΪħ½ħҲҪ
һЩŽСͨʿ뿪Ҳĵؽʣ¯֮С
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ûռ飬Ѫ
˳ǣʿ߿ա
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ԼԼ䣬ƳسɳһЩѪɫ˿ߣһʿҲ޷ע⵽Щ
Ȼڳǳʳǡ
һ췢ڱĿΧվһ֡
ѪԨ棬ʱ˫һѪɫѪѪ֮ǰǾת벻һٶ
Ѫ棬ѪԨһץСӰӡ
ߣ⼸ǣ򵺴½ɳǿߣҲʱʱ̶̿Ѱǣ벻ҿƳسǣѪħֻҪʿһ㾫ѪڷоӦϢ
ѪԨͻȻվΧַ¹
һ֮ڲ᳾Ӣģз֣
ֻһǸŮʿϢڲĿǰȷʩչѪ׷Ů
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ǣ
᳾ŭӵԪѪԨҲ
ټ̻ж쾳֣ʱ̴
ಣ
ѪԨͻȻͷһ⣬֮ʧ
Ƴس⣡
߿պȻһɺ磬ѪԨһӺ֮ӡȻҲʩչΪһͨߡ


894 ʮ

һֻֻѪӰӣŹѪѪԨ泯ǰ߿ȥ֮󣬴һٶֻ߿աӡ
Ƴسڣ
ʳǰΧĴɽۣ֮᳾֮УƳسǣһԪĶҶΪسϣҲȥƿ޼£Ҫ֣Ǿ;޼ɱڣ֪С
аյõزĴҵõ޼ҲһٴγΪǿߣǶԺδȡλž޴ã᳾һЦԶ
ԶƳسʮ⣬αװ֮СѰٶǰУԽ󸣵أȥ½һȻɹ׺ȥʼ½
ȻӺ󷽸߿գ֮УɳһЩӰһɹֻв߳ſϷ
ȻȥϢ֮󣬿ЩӰȻ֯һӰһͷ췢ѪԨ棬ǿһ
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˫ͫͷħ⣬ǧ·ˡ
Ӧþ棬ϢˣȻòʩչƹֶΣϢ޷ıģ
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СУС·Ǻͣ˸δӦеѪԨ档
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޼ڣе棬Ȼ֪ΪΣܸоһֱ˰пӵζʮ֮⣬һЩʿϢȻǱٶȣܾ⣡
𣿡
ӦԳԽ쾳ʿ̾ΪֹȻ֣Ȼĳֹ
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Ȼһˣ㣬ҿӦ̻ǸѪԨڰиǣͷҪǷӡʱһƿǧ׿ռǿ̣һ߶Խ쾳ʵѹ
ɥŽп죺ϴΣˣԷ޼ͷҿᵽѩжԶԸ
ѩ
Ϊ޼ǿߣܴӿռ£ǿ֮дܴǿշ籩ε
ҲǷ˾ţ֮ĺöǧػɽŽһ޼֮֮
д߶ƾףıĤֵܸܲӦΧħ֣
ͨԪĻӦȷħʿϷ㣬ѽΧռ󲿷ָƿأѰԣκ컯쾳ʿ޼ͷƿ£ûǱѹȻԴ߶ƾԿƣ㲻õΣգҪǵδ޼ͷӳ죡
ѪԨ桭ʮӦһЩʿϢȻѪԨԸңΪԤߣʮ֮Ⲽ´֣ԴҪѹ棬ҾҪ򵺴½
ë׺Ȼſϼһ˿ţ潻ԷѪԨ棬һ̻ͷ֣ƱƳس֧ǸƼҡԼ᳾п򵺴½ԵǾһȥ󺣣ӳȥ
ڣд뺮ʵҲѪԨ棬ҪɱҲпܵģ


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һֻ޴󺣹ֱ֮Ǿû취޼ĿǰԵ
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˴ʱһ̤֮⣬գϷƯţΡȻϷָӣŹЩˣɱ֮¼ŵӣץȥʣ
߶½Դںϣ½Դӵ羫ȻΪں֮˲ƿǧȻϢ
컯Ϊѳ컯ȶ쾳ͽλʿ
ӿٶȣһ˫ͫΪɫȫƤҲǳ죬Ưʿ·ûһ˷Ĵڡ
ܡ
Ѫ
ԵزΪ룬ںϵɲǼǧȻŶա

ǿƯڽϷλڼ⣬붼ɫ
ȻͷŸַ潣ɱ֮ڲҲҪΪƽء
ڴʱڿռͻȻΪɫһͻγɣһֻֻѪҲͻȻƿնڸַʱѾտռ䡣
ƽھӢ֣ţ̫ˣǷѩ޼ǿҲǽǿջգҲںϵֵز
ԼҲǿϢʹûٴһ߶ȡ
·һ̣ܱһ컯õ£ǿϢȻ½Դںϣ֮£һжǷ֮
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Χ컯ʿڼ·ͷŻ棬һҲʲô󣬷׷׳ɱ
ֻһƬ߶ѪɲһֱͨӴڰɡ
컯
˰ɣκ컯Ҳ컯֣Ѫķ涼ǰ컯ʿ
ŵӣѹڸϲɱ桢СǰĿҪԡ
Ÿ֣ߣɱǲ֪ô
߿գһЩ쾳ɱƣҲ׷棬Ǳ仹Լһȡ


901 Ϥ޼Ǿ
Щˣ潫ŭѹ֣ǿʵ˵ʵɱˣҲû˸˵һ֡
෴ûʵԶֻɥʧ𣬱ڽ¡
Ϸ߿Щɱ컯ʿȴЩѪ˲佫ֹƺ飬ѪҲͷһڽһʿס
ʿԱսסѪҲ·ӵڤڤ֮ڿռȥ硣
桢СûΣգҲԵ̫СӰû
Ϸռ䣬֮ǰǿܶԸȼͻĶ쾳֣ձУս챻
ΧϱһŻڵϷ
ʧȥĵ죬ѽ¶ϧѻΪһƬʮûһģ׷׳Ϊʬ
ˣ
棡
һһҳԱߡ
ÿɰССͬʱһѩƤëĺæȥ
ȥЩʬڡ
ʼѪԴԴϻصڣÿһѪڶʿ
Сעߣɵ㾹ȻֻްֻģС£
쳯ǻ߿շȥ㣬Ҳû취ȥ
˵Һһ㱾ҲûУСͳȥ
ٿ߿֮УڵӽԳһ㣬ڰѪס
Ըˣ沢δ֣Ѫͽʿɱ컯ǿߣ˿ֲȥ»Ʒ𵴡
Ѫ׷׻صڣʬޣֻҪʮڶ쾳ǿʬ塣
սָʧƬҲڷ档
ټ죬һƬ
㣬Сʼ½Ͽգ߶֮طȥ
Ҳ߶Ϲݡ硢ʦԪŸӦ
ˡ
һԭΪϹݵ˻ӦȴǸӦԶ˴֡
ڰвȻ𵴴ˣκӦ·֡
ҲоһЩϢЩϢ޼˿˿Ծ벻ڻʼ½޼ʿҲ޼̫ʿ
޼
Զﴫ޼Ϣʼ½Ҳһ޼̫ڡ
˼Ƭ̣ϴСǷؿ
Խʮ޼ԽԽǿңҲ·֣ʮһϿȣɱ
κ֮СԽƺǰֺը̹ʮ
ƺ޼̫ڡ
ͨӦһЩʿ뼸ʿԽǴɻ󣺡´޼йصǿҲʼ½Ѱ޼ĪǾһˣ
ϴ˫˽޼һɱɱȥ
Сٴ뼸ǰɽΧϿȻǸֽڱǧܿʮʿڴ߶潣ͷ޼ɱɱȥʩչޱϤ޼ժ֡
Щʿ컯ʩչ޼ժ֣ҲǱ½޼ҪǿٱЩ޼ҲδйȻ֮ûԪ󷨡
Ԫ޼ѧ޼Ǿ֮޼̶̼ܶǧһͳһ½ΪԪ󷨡
Ҫɱɱȥȥɵɵȥ£һֱڳ˼С̲סק뿪
ȴȻִһЩҳʿɱɱȥͬʱ˲ʩչצ龳ʿϣץֺ
գǧΧֺ־͹£ź
һ˲ǵȻǾ֡
ʱģ΢΢ǰһɨһ϶޼
ǣǣǶǣͷ
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ҡ½ڡ
ڣ½
˼ȴ벻Ͼ½˽⡣
֪˾Ͳһˡ
޼ܣ½һɣаŷѩȥʱɸ֣½ȻܸһȣҲŲĴڡ
ԺӿһŮòءһǵǸɣŵӣ
ϴǼˣǵذ᳾ǲһЩΪҲ̤޼ûмŻڵĵӡϸϸ
ǵŴ֮һа㣿
һֺأһùϵȻ
ˡ
ֿսսˣȵԶ½ôΪȡ޼


902 ޼ˣͷ
һǿ߿ͷ֮ǰҲ֪Ϊʼ½;в߲㴫ԭھǰ޼ǿ޼ڹȻ޼ǵ͸ڡ
ƳȥΪڵĵӣɱ
ʼ½޼йصʿǳ࣬ʮˣһ֧ҪȻһ޼ǿ߰нӴԶȡ޼֮ٽ޼ڡ
޼ǸӰҲţȽ޼ˡ޼Ƚˣ㣬޼ʿˣйγ˾ѹȡ޼
Ҳֽ֧޼ˣ˲ͷΪ˶ֵ֣ЩҲ໥ɱ
һһ˵
ʱǽȥףʲô޼ˣ޼壬ͳһ¸޼
øڣ
ͻȻӼ˺󷽾һԵԪƣ羪κͳ𵴣졢׿ԶǶڳϣʲôǣҶΪ޼ɱɱȥˣ
ˣ
Ԫʮأһ̳⣬С컯ʿ׷Ѫ
濴ϷţԪΪ˰ԵǶ쾳
˴ſ־ͷţ
޼ͷ·ʣεͷҿϢ֮Ҳ޼ӦҲ޼йصǿߣ
һ˽ܣ֪ͷžס캣Ƭմ½Գ޼ڴˣͻʧܣγΪɢޣĺϲ뵱´󲿷޼ϵʵֲҲ֧޼˵ľͷ֮һ
ɽʧܵɢޣ˼δʿԭ޶ԣĪЦݡ
תۼһӰĶͷųǿƣϢϤޱȵ޼
Ưǧ׸߿գͷ˸ǣҲϳڲȥ
СҪߣҲܣ취Ӧͻ״

Ҳӿƣܿ˴һЩֶ
˰нܣ˾ڳϣһв졢һ׿ԶǸ߲㣬Ҳ
ȻΪҲ޼о뷽ѩѪԨ࣬޼һΪ
ִ˿е֪ͷҲ˽Ϲ֣ɢ֮˶֪аͷ
ͷš졢׿Զʱף޼ͷϢһ˿˿ҲΧʿеļ£ĽҪ
ܿȷƣƺһֶߣ̥ǡ
࿴ۣоҲʮͷһӡ
ͷͻȻЦλϵܣΪ֮£αش󶯸ɸꣿл˵޼򵺴½֣ϢӦ׼ģּȥȡ޼ֲ죬޼ҪУʱ޼ǿ󣬶˼޼Ща
Ǹ׿Զǿ߻һ𣺡ڲ֮޹أ
һϲĿ׿֣ˣڣҲѣ֮Ҷ޼ǾڳͬԴұʱֳǰ
λǸ֪ǴҪڼ֮һۣλڣǿ߶
ŷģʱǱػμӣ
Ǻǣŵģȥû˼ǵõ޼ʱǿɾͲһϣһ½ĳϡ
ͷаЦתԶȥ
ס֣úϢգ졢׿ԶӴһᣬΧ
Ҳȥ޼Ǿ֣Сȥ߲㣬ԼҲżȻ޼ϣڡ
ʩչ޼˳
ˣ
֪Ϣ棬һϢͻȻж
ϤԪϢҲ˸ʱϲ𣺡ڰѰϢϹҲˣ
ԭˡ
СΧͷϢŰϢʹӶտϮ
ˣ
δħʿ͸
Сֺ̼Ӱ·Ծ硢ڰϹݡ
ʮδһʱҲ֪ĿǰʦԪţس硢ڳӰڵħٸַѰǣϣʱûв
ҲӦȻͻƶ쾳ڰҲͻƣЩڶ׷ɱУҲץֻʵ
Ϲݵǰǰ㣬ֻ࣬żȻӦ
Ǽ˶Сܸߵˣұ˴ҲղѶԴ


903 Ȼؾ
ֵǰԭҪԹʵЩ㣬ĿǰкܶǿڵħѰţĿǰǹ档
û¾ͺãҲãҸմ򵺴½һЩ飬ڿǽȥ
δʩչ󷨣ڰ߰߻ΧԵӰƮ졣
ڰҲǰ˵򵺴½¼˰ΣҾ֪ûκ㣬¼ʿ㣬ΪľǶȡ޼˴ӴԺ޷ڻʼ½㣬½ҲУǵȷҪҸطԶյأһⳡ籩»ΪУˣҲ޷ֿɷ籩
ҲⵣǣǰˣǸȥδ
濴ǴǱ½һֱ׷Ŀꣿ

߳ĬϢȻչü˵Ǳ½һ޼ٽ޼ڣʱǳ½ԭֱȥɳ½ֽ޼ڣʼ½һξǶٶˣˣĪȥɳ½ٽ޼ڣ
浱żףԣҪ޼̸ףɳ½ҲǳңԶЩ޼йʿҪʲô޼ˣټ޼йصʿҼ֮оۻᣬҪȥ̽̽Щ޼йص˻һεҪ޼ڣȻҪ֣ԣЩ޼ҽ޼ڵĻʯ
ڰĦȭƣ޼ڡܳɹһûа׻
»ҪһƻΪӪڰմϡڳЩ߲㶯֪
붫˵ӳʼ½
գҽ޼Ǿң޼Ϣǿɸȥ޼Ϣ
һ
ʩչԪ޼ǾˣϹҲһ֡
ҹʱ֣صڣǼʿ£缸Ҳ޼ʿݣڳΪʱӡ
£
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ѲߵΧʱϹҲһ
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֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ȴϣ˵ȥȥ常Ȼõ常ӻ
ԣϹݹӦ
ˣ뿪Ǳ½Ҿ͸˵֮󣬹½룬һҪȥϣôһ죬ʵȥ常ĸףĺҲ⣬ȻҪԼѡ񣡡
Ȼˣ㻹뷨͵һҲû
ĿǰƵȷҲΣҲǰǸˣҪұͷϣ⣬Һ䲻ܣΪҵĵˣ
ҪȥͻȻɫΪУҲ˰벽һΪУҾɱһʮΪУɱʮˡΪУҾɱˣҲˣ˾ң
ϹתҿñѪħ֮ħȥ߻ħ
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ߣɱ˾ħҲЩΪ޼ӿʼ½ʿΪαɱɱȥ˶ɱˣɣΪˣ˽ΪħɱħԸΪħ
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Ϲûж˵һԣСȥ
ħ
治мҡҡͷǾ仰ҪȻҪ˫ֳһƬ졣
ѵ˷ǵпɽǵ˱ӻ棿һеңͲܿԼŬ磿Ǿʱ֤һУ
ʱ˿̣һӶŭ
ѹסŭ𲻵ϹݣҲڡŽɡЩԼͷ
ҲһĶתҲ뿪ӡ
صӪС޼ǾڰϹͷ޼Ԫ󷨡
һһԪе
졢׿ԶԼ󣬴طҲһɹǧˣһͬϢȥ
ڶ죬ҹĻʮ֣ǶڣȻڱԵϿǰһƬɽ
ʱϴǰʮ޼Ϣͷţ֮࣡
ǰ޼ʿۻ㡭
ֹȥ㣬ɽǰ벻ͷŴӭˡ
ɽʱ򣬼ǿɽΧǱ
Ƚڲ磬벻Ȼнʮʿ
졢׿ԶһǧͷŶȥ


904 ˷޼
ŵɽ֮ڣΧ˷˳ϢЩ˴磬ֻһһӣһɢޣҪ޼ˣҲҪˡ
Ҹط£̲ס̾ˣܽôƿأɳ½޼ڣͲĿ꣡
Ƕ߹һȺӱڰȴΪʲôΪ˶Уܶ˶а֮Щ˽Ǵ̣ĸΪʲô˶Щ˿Խǻƿصķ̳ջһҹ߽֮⣡
ڰ˵ļǣ
ʱͨиӦи෢֣󲿷Ϊ龳컯֮䣬쾳࣬ЩҪҪǲֻ޼Ǿйص޼ɼЩֻΪ޼
ΣͳͳѹħѪѣǾǵˣЦ
ִӰдϴڲǽھۼ쾳֣򵥰Ȼʮ˶ӱ쾳֣ɼ޼ǾǽЩƿأһ⣡
ںϸӦһȥͷЩˣʲộ硢ڰػ
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ⷽԲ֮ľܸӦ
Ӧ͸ڲ磬Һʱ죬״磬ǰһɽȡ
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㡢ۼɽΧŰˣΪǶ쾳۷壬ֻ޼
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ͷżǰһţԱ߻ʮƲ޼һ䣬ΪϢԳ졢׿Զˡ
ˣʶǼߣ
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ұǸҼǵرһξͲǣСƳһΪ޼š
λڰٻĴ½ͬһ½ֻڰٻĴ½ԵΪǴ½Ǵ޵̣޼ҲһΪڰٻĴ½̫֪ǷѩȥٻĴ½ץޣҲرȥע⣡
Ҳ벻Щ½޼
ǬţǬɽߣ
ħ½ɢޣ콣
޼ţƳ
һͷţΪѲͨ޼ͷ
ʿԣ޼һͷһĴ֣ڵκһ򣬽ǳưԵĴڡ
С˵ΧǿߣĳϣڵĲ졢׿ԶȻʵȲĴͷǱڣȴǳе̣
ĬãĴͷԼΧһ֣ЩòպƱػʡ
̾Ϣ벻ʼ½ĵ֮Уܼ¸½ǿߣν޼ˣγ˵Ļȷһɴܱȵ϶Žɡһ
һ½ƸңԶ󣬵ڶ쾳ǿ£Ҳʮʱܴһ½޼ͷԣȥ½Ҳͼ깦򣬶һ᳾Ӵ߶ţ֮ھܳ½
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ʱĬĬעЩ˶
ǾۼĿҲһΪ˶ԣд󲿷ɢֽ֧ˣϣ֪ͨţڵƷ齨һոµľް
޼ڡ
ʱڳ׿Զվ֧ˣ¾һ㲻⣬Щͬ⽨ˣô֮˭Σ
԰ٻĴ½ǿ߹ƳȻߵ֮ϸڣǿںۻ֣֮
ʵҪΪܼ򵥣˭ӵ޼˭֮
⽨鵹ƽܵõ޼ȻʸΪ֮
УУ
ǿ߽ǿұ̬


905 ͻأɱ
浹һֺǺǵģ˭õ޼˭֮ϴ˼ǾʸΪ䣡
СҲֽкãȻ˵֮޼УֻҪԺ޼ٴٿģۻᣬվһͳ¡
˭ܵõ޼˭䣿
÷׼޼С
ȻΪףûʵѹЩɫ
˵ˣӵ˭Ķٺ٣׻˵ĺã뵱ʿǺñܵõŴкξ壿
üͷ·ܵӰ졣
˼ʣ
ֵҹɽڽ硢ɭһ㸲£˭Ҳۼʿ
ݵһǣϹĿϢƲδ硢ڰСһЩԶڵӡ
Ȼ䣬Ϲۣ΢΢ͷֺ
һֺϷֵǣΧвѲʿδ
ϹֲӡֱӴڽ紩ɲƬӴɽȻ߿գ䣬΢΢Ϸǿץȥ벻׸߿գǿվڷһɹӿ
ģǳӿ䣬齣ָֻСڲᡣ
ϹȻǷĮȻ֮ɫҲδֳ·ɽȥ˲ʧڸ߿ա
ֺӦںϣȻڹעڲһｻ
ϹݾһĨ磬ǺҹŮһࣺҸоһЩ쳣ⷽɽѹȶܲѰ
Ѱ
Ӧ״̬Ϲݳ֣ʧ֮Ϸֻܿ硣
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˵꣬ȷй졣
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ϹݵվСⷽʮϢ֮ӳƬɽȻ˽ɱƬɽΪƽأԷ˹׼ڲʮʿ󲿷ֶ˲»ˣҲᱻǱڰЩͷɱ
Ǵӵߣûԥ˲䣬һӳԵȥ
ϢͱϹͷ£뿪硣
ʱٴο߿գƯǹ⣬ǹ⣬
Ҳ֪ǺˣķҪЩ֣˶û˿ô֮Щ˻ţҲá
һ룬Ȼֹת
ͻȻһԪֶ磬ʩչڲֺӰ˷½ǿǣ¾Ҫ֮ˣ棬ǽ֮ǿգ֪ķ콣󸲸ƬʮɽǲʩչֵʮϢǻɽһΪ棡

桭
ȥڽڵŽʮʿ𵴣ڲÿʿ龳һ̱Ԫ𺳡

磬汾Ŀһ裬ɭ֣ͿտʼԾٶԶ󷽽硣
һ˲䣬󷽱ǾĵĽ磬ͻȻӿһʿǾΧѰš
ˣ
ƶѰ䣬Ͽо޼
Ӱ˷½ۼʿҲǽ֮з׷ֳһһȻ߿ա
Ȼ֪һȻɽϷԽΪģǽ縲ʮɽΧ߿֮кȻһŤ粨˹⡣
⸲ʮڽΧһ˲ͻȻᣬһռĻĺֿ֮Ƿ


906 ɲǰæ
ҿ
Ѽʮ֮ˣٶȷ׷ױֳ׸߿Ⲩ𺳡
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ڰͻȻ̧ͷͷƤڷ飺ˣ
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գǹⱻȡɲһյĽͬһ˸âɰǳ
ȻϤɵ̾Ϣ򵺴½᳾ҲʩչǰȻȻʧɫ
ϧЩ֮ǰ㣬һʱ׼в˻һ̡
߿գгʿŵ÷׷׳ȥһȺȹϵϡ
翴ְ۳Ц
ݣǳ߿һԽɱ֮ƣƺƵΪΧʱͷų۽â
䣡
һɽϢûһʿӻؽ磬ͱɱСû
ǻΪ棬ֻΪϻ򣬽գۼ䣬ͱûˡ
ڲֻը˷ϯһɽɭ˲䱻ɣԭҪɳЩơըγɵĳʱѱǰʮء
ٲȻǲ⣬Ѱ״̬֮ʮﱻû
ǿĿռܽ˿ֲƻأ
ΪĿࡣ
ٿڲɽ˲ѱ߿շ·Ž꣬һڿڽɱɽԼΧʮء
ڰɪɪȫľⷬƣҲڼΪƽأʮӹܻģǧˣ
ŷԲʮڲ̻ڱ͸һۣ֪жܻϣǰ׼쾳ǿߣܻҲΪ࣡
ϹݺȻʾ⼸ˣϷ϶ָȥˣ
͸Լ߲ǹ⣬Ϸ׸߿ճּˣִ߿ٴγһˡ
ܿʮϷżɱ·ǻƮ
˿Щ˶棬òϢޣ޷֪Щֲʿ
ּ䣬߷ЦݣҲ֪·ɣ
䣡
ʱʮ󲿷ֽѽȻ֮УǱɳһЩââͷš
ڰȵӳˣ٣δЩһ򾡣
ף˹ͣǣжǰ׼ܻǸ֣зͲ֪ܲɱȥ
⣿ҵΪ˵ⷬȴͻȻ䣺ǿδ޼ڣЩʿôҲŲðΣһ֮ϣҴ׬һʣ
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ˣ汾ԣᡣ
С໺ߵЩ˿ʲôˣҿЩʲô޼ʿǲ֮мǿߣǣǳԵ࣬˲Ϊ𣬲ɱǣʵ
С˵ˣҲ޼˵ΪΪʳǶΪ޼ǽǾܷŹ޼ϧϷЩ̫ǿ󣬷ȥû٣ץʿУ
ǵȻ˵ģҺ֮ˣҼӱ֮ҵˣѵҪͿ
һһ䣬ʱʱš
ʱʱٿ󷽣ֻǸʮ߿ͻȻڲһɹɵɱơ
߿ʮˣʵ죬ҪѹʮʿͷϣЩѡ
Ҳ漸ֹͣǰ֪Щˣ͵ϮҪÿ˵
Ƭ߿֮벻԰˷޼ʿǱӳ
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Ļ֮Уʧȥ뽣ҹǳ
ʿӳʮ֮⣡
ʮغƯ׸߿գ·ߵǿߡ
һڸ֣ԶһˣȥˣξͷšǬɽ߼ͷɱˡ
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תһӣȻ֮⡣
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ˣ·һ˫۾ڶǣѱ¶ǿ߷ǣ
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оҶ鶼δ˿쳣ԪȻò԰ס
⿴󷽣һ˿Ӱӣɶ񣬱ָ߶ǿ߶ϣߣϢ֮ڣ׷ɱ


907 ӳ
ֻ׼߶һҲѴҪġ
ҹգ˼Ӱһ˫ͫӺƶ
˫֮ͫУ˾ǰףﶯ䣬żɱ¾Цɲͷơ

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ӰԾȻںǰ𺳿ӰͨԪ񣬻ʼ½ǿߣ˭
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ֻͣڰգżɵܴﵽΪ֮ˣҲӦܿ޼ж󸣵ءԺһְţΪУҾŴΪУҪǰΪˣԪͳԽƷҲҲҾŴнʣαΪʿΪУ
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пֵܷ㣬ǵýϢ֪Ϸ壬޼ڿһں֮ڣʵҲ̲ضǿߡ
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ߵŴ渵֮ǰڵħ䣬һֱҲעʼ½ʱ޼ʿ֣ڶѰ䣬иִţ˵󸣵Ժץ޼ʿΪ˾Ŵٸ֣ƾ޼޼ЩУǻٽ޼ڣӶ֮в
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908 ʦͽپ
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ڰĿ棬صؿ棺ˣ˶㣬󸣵ءԺƲ֮ҲȫѰ㣬ֻҪϵõ޼ô˷޼ǿߴвԾŴȻӭж⣬ǻὫ㵱ⳡ籩Դͷ
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Ҷ·صѹӣԽ١
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ˣڿʵֵٽ޼ڵ룬ʱٽĪаһ·磬Ȼʲô
ҺúϢ죬Ǳħ䣡
ףҸɢȥΧ
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ռħ䣬оκһ⴦յضԶԣûжвȻءҽյأȻΪܵӰ졣
;ٶҲӦͷ޼ʿȻвѰʦԼ䡣
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󣬶˶Ŷ쾳ʵٲȻҲǿߡ
Ϥָħ򣬻ԭȵյأһº滹һξ롣
ʱ߶ܿ촩ܲ͸ʪգ·ͻأһƬζǵϿȡ
羪ϲϿȣϴ󣬴˵ؾһԨڣӰڴ˾Ӫǧ꣬кЩڿԽԨЩųӰǿ߶޷Ѱ
ζͷǳˣΧȵȶ
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¶ͻأҲӿһͨ벻һͷ׷Ԫţس硢ٷӭӡ
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ͽͺãͺãԪŲΪһͷҲˣȥϢ
λ룡
Ϲݡڰ硢Сһ˳ͨϿȷȥسǰٿΧζ
Ԫ沢գ߿ȥ״̬öˣ뱻ʱ֮𣺡СӴһֺƣ˵õ޼֪μΪʦѩޣ˶ΪʦҲţǱ½ϼɽǸСӣת۾ͳµʿ
ϼɽǱ½Ȼһִоǰϼɽһλðˡ
ұǻ¶綾ʯЫ涾ϡٶʱǱ½;ƿݣǻҲ޷һ֪㣬ţƢҲã֤ǶԵģΪʦҲǶԵģ潫ǿдʼ½ûнⷬɾͣļֳɾ㣬Ϊʦ۹Ҳɾ㣡
ʵͽЩţƢʦͽܴʦѧ˾裬һ죬ʦΣ
д뵽Ԫơ
ʮ꣬ƻָ࣬ھԻָԺһɢޣ㵱״࣬޷ʴһһ㣬ܻ£ΪʦᷭĹżܷҵָķӣһѪ޶ûôԪŵЦһм


909 Ԫʵľ
ϿʱӰԶԶԵףСӣһʱ䲻ڳӲˣ
֮Ͽγɵͨлǰϴζл
ߣȥ˵
Ӱ֮ӡ벻ԨϿֳһ̤ͨУգʧ
ԼԽһ㸴ԨԨռ䣬һϿȣˣаŵӷֲΧУΧн縲ǣϵԨһζ븴Ԩһ֮ء
ϢҲڼ֮ݷӰΪʼ½˶֪±Ȼ
硢ڰϹݡСڶѨϢڲһعڲǿس硢ԫҲ
˾ڵڣʱκѪȷ磬ﶼܳ
Сӣϴ޼Ǹٲ㣬д㣿£Ӱżֱӵż˳淢ʡ
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磬Ϊʦ֪аŶжҪʼ½κһ䣬ڵ֮ٽаżǲܡش𣬲а˵ΡȻΪʦɷˣҲٽаţѲʵԳΪܡ
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ǵŲаΧˣ侲ıȭͽǱ½Ϊ޼ڵӣַ޼ܣԵõ޼ʱٽ޼ڣͽĿ꣬ͽ½ֻмĿ꣬һǼʦʵ֣һĿٽ޼ڡ
аŲף޼ڸѡź󣬲аͻȻЦʼ½֮أһȥɳ½չͱΪһ֮أħȻɲв㣬ɳ½Ƿ棬ҲԴԼʺʿС
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»ʦ˼Уɳ½ʲôӣҲ֪顭Ҳ⡣
ѵǾͲˤһΣʿҲŴͷľЦ£ʱ԰ΪʦʦֵܣҲһ֮
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Ԩһǣسһ
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ԨѨڣУ硢ڰϹݡСΧУ໥ܸӦ
óԴȥҲСһ
߶޼ʬ壬һ컯䣬ڷںϣǸһ£ҪϰٿŴ顣
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ͨԪ֮ǰ飬ںϣǿ̶Ѵﵽ쾳۷壬޼ͷʩչԪ񹥻Ҳ塣
ѪҲÿһѪ徫̺ΪȻȵȳķ
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ʯһֱڲʯ󺣣⾿ʲô÷ħ˿أȻǾȻԪһֱ޷ںϣزѪþѪգ˵ʲô仯
ϱ١
ƾסǾƷɫںϣΨʯûа㶯
ˣӰҲҲ
ʯȴʵʵڣ֪Ǳȴûа취
زѪʯƯ״̬£ѪѪ𲻶ںϡ
ʯ׺ܿɫ仯ƣȴûͷһ˿˿ɫҲû˿


910 ʯ˴֮Сǧ
˼죬ʯû˿仯Ҳ־ϣ־γɵĹأӡǣʹȫ켣ȥС
Ȼ
ʯûб仯ɫȴΪʯ״̬δӿѪȼ£Ҳ͸һ˿˿ɫ˿ֻ˿Ѫɣ׷ˡ
Щɫ˿ӿزӴѪʼںϡ
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֪оʶ־ЩģԼ켣״̬£ħа֮С
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״̬Ϊһǿɫ󣬷·ְɫγɵ硣
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ƹâ֮оȻγʯ״ӰӣĵƯš
ʯףѵڽʯںϣʯӰһֹ֣ͣ뱾ʶںϡ
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֪ƯãʯӰӶôĿռ䣬ôһ˿ͷʱȻǰǻҰͷһӰ
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ʯ˵꣬ͻȻһĨУ˱
ŵգۼ䣬ʯѶüġ
ֻǱ΢΢һʶʶӿڲʶ֮УʱӿִĲϮ
ʱ˿ʶʣ·˿ʧֹʶʯ񣬰ֹƬһƬƬһƬʶںϡ

һ㣬ʯıȻȫëϢ
˫ͫ˲䣬Ҳһںæʶ벻ƬӿͨԪ
ԭΣ
ʱȻһ״̬˸֮ǰһ̣ΣڿƬͨԪ񲻶ںϣȻز
ʯںϣһץʧʯǰһȻɫû˿ӿ·һʯͷˡ
ʯףҲоʲôʶ˭棬Ȼռ䣡
˼Ƭ̣Уйȥ꣬ʶʯڲƯ꣬˵ʯڲȷһǰռ䣬ʲô
Сǧ
ĥ֮ʣʯϤΡȻԶžӣԺͨԪ񱬷
ʶ뱾ںϣ߶ͨԪ֪ԪϾȻһʯһɫĵ¡
ĹģʯЩ֡
濴һĻѰʯ񣬻ߣԪֻ֮˹Լƣûκʶڡ


911 
ѵղֻЩķһ
Ҳӵ
ץ鵤ɣʹڹ̱Ԫ״̬鿴ͨԪ
벻Щģ·ܸӦʶڼжûǹ⣬һĿʼ˸ԶϢϤһ˸ٴγ֣ԶΪСǧ֮󣬼ڴǧǧǳ쾫̺Զǧ֮ףߣ޵Сǧ˵̤֮·δҲ޵ôǧ
ķԶ֮һĿʼĬĬػΪģԪǼ£ҲΪ£ƺӵбԪ
ãŹĲϻûģʱʱ̴̿ں״̬֮УʲôҲķɱɡ
֪ãֻΪģԪγɹĵ£Ż˫ۣͫҲ¶֮⡣
Сǧ»ָʶںϣҲҪһʱ
ʱںСǧΨһı仯ͨԪϳֹĵ¡
֪ΪΣԪһĵ֮ڲԪ֮һ㣬ȼնоĵڱԪ
ҲԱͷŹâˣԪǺεΪһʱ䣬Ԫ֮͸һʶƻڣ޷뿪һ
㵴ѹڵҲδʩչκ㡭
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ǾƷԪΪԪҲȶ쾳۷壬޷֮ѹ㡣
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ˣղСǧںϹ֮Уѹ飬ˣйֻܿ
ʯڲʯ񴫳еĹԵʡ
Сǧ
ǾƷԪԪֲѹκζ쾳Լ޼ǿߡ
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߶ԺȹʱԪϹĵͷųԶ֮⣬Ȼ־ˣ̫̫ˣǵõεȾ
Ƚ磬һʱ˵ȷСǧ
һ컯ʿ߶֮ƷҲΪ֮
ĵǰһͻΪһģȴһĿȻ
һʱ𺳣Сǧԭֻбѡ֮˿Уʯԣʲô֮ˣôҲһ˿ԿģҲֻҿŹ
һӡԼУ𽥵Ȼûκӡǣֻܰȥ򣬸о־֮ͬ־й켣̬ڲСǧͨ
κΪں֮γǿ־ˣȻСǧȴǣӡȴΪΪ
ΪڵȻСǧڲȻܣȻ
ϲСǧģһֶͬǧ֮Ԫڷǳʵ
ֻܿһģ·𱻷ӡһ㣬־һֻһȥУڹĲֳǰ֮УἰСǧһЩŹȫͨõںϣ𽥻֮

δ֪־һ㣬Ŀ꣬г徢
Ҳһ
ϧǰûֻ̫ἰСǧȥ
ֹ֮ͣģԪϵĹĵ½ָ߶һâ֡
濴âʵǾƷǿߣ֪Ϊ𣿡


912 ɱ
һޣҾͲ̫ǰʵۣһǿڵʩչͬʵ٣ȻȻڵ֮£ǿ̺һֹˣ˵˳ԻʵԽģԽǿ󡣡
˵˻ʵۻרŰ䲼ÿʮҪ˽ʹǰĬꡯ֮λƣǷ绹ǻˣ˴ǻʵ۲ģյò޷ӳֹˣյµ۹𡣡
һɲǣţꣿһ۹ˣʹù˲ʢ˥
ʵⶼǴ˵ҲʱҾž˳ǿսǿգǲģ˵ǹڵģȻʵҲһͬһ磬Ȩ£֮ϣûйϵҪԼȥҲźûһ
ˣ

ƣ
Ūһ˴ãδܴҳһ𰸣Խ
ĥôãСǧҲһֻ֣ĬĬϼȥһջ񣬵ʱ֪Ϊ
Ȼڤ˼޷СǧҲֻһ취ǾС
յһĿʼںģʼ˫һϣ΢΢شƮӡ
ˣ
Ԫǵĵ£˿̿ʼֶ벻ٴоֻܽڲռ䡣
ſʼСǧƺδ֮ǰѲУˮһͨˡ
ʱ䣬ȻûСǧܴһ˿
ǣСǧȻȻ֮УȻӳֶڡ
Ȼһ
¾˿СǧȻ֮󣬷޷Ҳһʱӵ
鱻޼ڶٵӿȴûһӿԿ֣Сǧ֮޷һӦ־һϹ屦ԽǲĶԽƽ
ж̶죬СǧĲ
ΪŹûջ
Ǵˣ
ٴ֮벻˲ж
һԭɫ½ԴͷųϢƽʱʮӿںϡ
ɶǸ汦ǰǿУ޷չѵһΪСǧԵʣ޷ѵڤڤ֮УһЩⱦǿںϣ
һԾ֪ˡ
ϤޱȵıʱͷųǰǿʢʮֹͣСǧ
Լһɫ½ԴͰƽʱͷһ˿˿͸˲غ
ֿʼ߶Сǧ۾ȴţ벻ڶ֮ɫ½Դͷųʮʼ͸
Ǿ־ʲôѪħӤħ̥󷨡Ѫ󷨡޼ǾԪ󷨶޷СǧᲢۣڤڤ֮ͷ߼ͷϢںϣ
ֹһ궯
ɫ½ԴԺںӵӦ֣ٶȣ²֮Ƚ½ԴںϣɫԱȴ½ԴӸ߼
֪ȥСǧܸЩ仯
ſʼ죬Сǧ͸ڴ˱仯һʱ䣬ǲǻ仯
ԴҲûаգΨмԣͨۻһͻ֡
ɫ½Դͷųǰʮ󡢵ѪںϣǴ½ԴӿںԽ̬࣬Խ䡣
ʱֿʼСǧطǲҲб仯
Ų£ز֮ںɫʯ֮ǰǿ֮УǿջջΪҺ״̬
֪ԭѪںٶȣҲٻҲΪͬҽǰҺ״̬
زһ𻢣ЩѪɱĹҲȼһǰδйģ֮ǰΪɴ飬ʱǴѪΪ𻢡
ѪɱٶȣǰҲȸӦѪжϢһٶѪγɡ
ӦöСǧı仯Źδȴзʮ뱦ںһ㣬ʮ仯
СǧȻȫŵı仯
ڶܿ϶Сǧ̫ˣҵʵֻһ߶ȣ
ˣǴˣõʯף⿪ʯ׵õڲʯ񴫹
ͣ
ϴСǧ״̬Ȼ仯ԽԽԣʱһͬӿ


913 ͻ컯
Ҫͻˣ
֮൱ֹͣУһһ͸ȫʼڤڤ֮һ̣Ȼγɴ󲿷顣
Ҫ֪һ㾳֮ڽͻƣһ̤䣬̶ȴ֮һе֮һﲻ
ڴ̤䣬󲿷ֶ飬մ̤컯ִ顣
ѵҲΪСǧԵʣ
Ͽ鵤ͻһ˾һˣƤһҺ壬ӵеʣʱ֮Ƴڡ
ԼĪһ֮Ž֮һزѪѪѪŽȼվѪ
ͨԪҲһδ飬һδνӡ֮һոԪȻйĵ±
ڵڲˣںϣԺ޷Ԫǹ̫£
ӦŹ˵
֮󣬽֮ƽϢ̤컯䡣
ھԴִҲζŴͻ䣬ʵ
ڸо쾳䣬ҲʵԷѹ޼һͷҲܿ⣡
¶Цݣʱ鿴仯кǿο
ɴ鵤߶¯ƾס
Ȼٴһںϣ컯״߶һ
ȴ߶־Ѫħ޼Ǿ󹦷־Ϊȫʼߣ֮вٶ̬
Ҳʼ߶СǧС
벻ȫٶȣһڴѪԼҲᡣ
Ϊ̬еǣȫɫɫɫԼɫѪҲڿʼ
˿Ԥδĳһ죬ѪɫɫѪɫΪɫҲˣǺεһĻ
ȫѪ⡢ҲữΪࡢɫ
ͻ֮δ߶Сǧ֮ǰ߶־Ѫħ޼Ǿڱ仯ǲٶҲ죬ɺСǧ·һڤڤ֮мӳ󹦷Լ֮УڷԱ仯
뵽Ȼһ֮ǰɫ½ԴҲŹͷųĪСǧŹӳ֣ǱﻹֻǹֻҪͬʱ߶СǧЧʮ֮ࣿ
ƺ䣬Сǧ
ǼӳֵĻҿһԡ
ֹͣСǧֻ߶޼Ǿʼ߶޼޼ںϡ
޼ڽת˲󾫻Ǵ󲿷޼
Ȼһ޼ںٶȻѰǰû̫仯
˫ͫȣЦҾ޼Ǿͬʱ߶СǧŹмӳ޼ںٶȣߣ
Ժӿִģһı֮ͨԪһͬڽӡһͬ
ʱҲǱ޼Ǿ״̬Ҳ޼ںϡ
Լ֮˲֮е޼תٶ˵춯ͷųĵΧںϣ֮ľҲٱ޼롣
ٶȣںٶȽ
ȻˣСǧ֮һǼӳǼӳ޼ȫںʱѪҲǰȼյøʯ֮ʯûƭңСǧȷǾһ־κι֮ϣ޼Ҳܼӳ֣ǿø߼ںϣ
һȥ֪ڶСǧһʶ
СǧԼӳ޼ܼƾסҲԼӳɫ½Դȵȱ
ҾԣСǧӳϣƽʱЩ֮ͬԸң
ͨڵڲȴš
ˣ
עԼ߶СǧйıܣΪӹΣʼ
һӿĵ⣬ҲԪ͸
ͨԪյҲӿٶȽӡΧֳһЩԵơ
ãˣǺεȹ֮ǰںϣֻʩչһھȻʩչĳںϣ֮£ѹ޷ж޷Ϣֻ־빦ͷţҲڲƣ
˵һЩѪҲ֮ӿǿй֮С
Ϊ𺳣ҡҶ޷ٿԼԼԴڡ
ΡȻҸоˣ컯Ϊ޷ںϣҿԴ߶Ź߷ĳɡɵľ


914 ڹ
ǰǾƷѰ˵컯ʿ޷߶һ쾳һ䵽ǿߣҲֻǿ߶һɷڴ߶ŹŹ֮ǰɴ߶һɻϣ޷⣬ʩչĳɷ
ҲڲţһֻҪͨͲҪپ޼һ־ͷԴ߶һɱ־ͷԪ񣡡
š
ӦЩҲӦˡ
׼߶ƾףͬʩչСǧӳʱ벻˲ͻȻӰʧ
ʧ֮һ
Ӧˣǿд߶ǹӳϣںϣҲڴ߶ҸҲĴ
ԭˣ֮ǰ߶޼ֻںϰˣղںϣǿмӳͷŴﵽ컯޷߷ĸ߶ȣĴԭʩչСǧҲкܴӰ죬Ժܽӳֵ߶Խ֮ǿȻٶȷǳ죬ҲסȥԦСǧ
оڶСǧһա
ȷҲ֣ҲֻһȻ֪Сǧ̺
־СǧֻҪǿд߶СǧӳͨǷûκӰ죬ջ񣡡ۺ󣬱ȫ߶СǧȻӳ־ϣʼС
СǧӵӳãһŹҲ֪ʲôʱ򣬲ʯԣ¡
ͬʱ硢ڰСʵΨϹΪأҲȥһܡ
뺮޼Ӹʱʱ̿鵤ţиԴɣʵҲ
аһιңûþس硢ȥ
ԼĪ󣬵Ϊﵽ컯߶ȣͨԪҲйĵӳ֣һʵѳ쾳
һֹͣУа棬Ҳһ
һܶȣ;Щаŵӣڰ۴
ʵʦǴ⣬δϸˣһҪ취ʱΪˣֻЩʦ뵽кηָ
Դ˲аЦοԼһЩҩĵر֮жԼıҪռЩҪķٻȻںϣܾһǰᣬΪʦںҩģʵΪʦľͷƿأҩںϡ
ҿȴȥɳ½Ƿҵһ֮غͽȥΪѰԴڼ俴ûӣͽҲС飬ǿѪָܻʦ޼ͷָȷѶȲСҲ뾡⡣
Ȼ֪
󣬺ܿһ취ʵӣѾУòаһһ޹֮Уٴа˳ɳɹܡ
޼Ǿ޼ǣ˵̫ԣʦˣȻ޼ǿҩĻûģϧأ
ӵеһ֣޴ڣӴϸ緢˿һģǱػشҪй֮Уһа󲿷־ϣҪָĻҪҩԼĸһΰϴ裬һͬʹþܣѶȵȷͣ
Ϊ
Ȼࡣ
ŲаͽӵߵǳĬԣӱжĹԼһŹڴ㿪ʼίʵܡ
Ȼ벻ǣаܿնѡ񣺡ȻһŹ¶ֲΪΪʦȷ᲻ùϾʷ
ͽʦ飬Ȼ취УһȻָԼԦһ֣ЩҲõٹ󹦷ʦǿħ½ħеĽѪħŹѪѪΪħǶо޴ħҲһֱǱޣӵеЧ˽⣬Ѫħɰʦ׻ָ
һŹ޼ڴΪ޼Ǿ̺һΪԪ󷨣޼ڴӼǧʱһͳ½ĸԭԪ󷨿ʿԷӳڣɱгɹתΪڼ޵ʵǴ󹦷ʼ


915 
˵꣬аһγĬ޼ǾҲŹԪ޼վ裬ǲ֮أһǲǲ̫ã
ǳ϶޼ѻ𣬶Ҳһ޼Ǿ޼ڵӣʦнѪħ޼ǾŹɰգȻһЩа˳ɰջָ
аףΪʦʤĵһӣΪģΪʦҲͲЩ쿪ʼнѪħ޼ǾʱʦģȻҪЩͽܣ
ʦԵȡ
һҪǰѧ裬ͷʼ˭ѡ
߶һͨԪ
㣬аѪħ̺֮Ѫ󷨣ʿڵѪʦѪ࣬Чˣ޼Ǿڲ̺Ԫ󷨣ֱѪԪ󷨽ϣֱӴӵѪ
޼һͳһ½Ȼ֮ܣѪħҲǵƷ˶֪ħ̶ֲ̼꣬Ϊʦϣ˾ֶΣԭͻ˾屦аȻףжྪ˷
ѹߣѪħ̺֮һԪ񹦷ΪӤħ̥󷨣Źߣ͵ʦ㣬ȻһˣǵڵͻȻðħͷħۡ
Ϊʦ󹦷Ҫԣħ۵ʱͻȻҲŹҲ֪εδⷽҿЩ״̬Բþ뿪ʼ½֮ǰȻдⷽѰ䣡
һᾡһ뿪ʦҲ׼ãüŵӶо뿪ʼ½
ʦͽ죬ű˴˷ֿ
氵֪ͨ׼ãȳȥħ俴ƣûʲô紵ݶҪ׼뿪
ԨԼƣζûв棬ϿΧøӦʿԼˣʮš
ӦΣҵ⴦ɽȣҲҵ·׵Ԩ棬ҴϢҪռʬм룡
ȴһջ񣬵ʮ⣬ֵϻкЩʿʬ壬һЩ
ٽ뼸⣬ּ䣬ǰԼ͸ϢŶ쾳ǰʵ

ʱһȺʿӼ֮նԭЩ˾ͺã֪ʱ淢Щ͸ǿ޼
һҲĿ⣺׷ɱЩˡ
һᣬԼʮ޼ʿ쾳ͷǱ֮УȻ׷ɱʮˡ
Щ˴ϷӹԶԶͼһˣһԶԺľţ
ʮ׷ɱһƵ£඼Ƕ쾳Ϊ󷽸һˣȻںˡ
ò漫Ϊ⣬ԭδ
ϢصüΪޣδ͸˿Ϣ֮£ԶԺǿٶ
ǸȥӦʼȫںϣ컯ںܸ֮ӦյʮһϢ
ĸڶԺ󷽲ʮǰըһͷźȻƵĽ󣬽޼ʮʿ׷ϡ
Ӧ״̬£һԺǰʮ޼ʿճХѸȻᣬ֪Ǭɽߡͷš콣Щǿ䣬ҸңȻܻ죬ڲʶôҶҲһ߾߸ʬˣ
ǡ治֪Щսսش
ˣ
һһҲİ

䣡
һͻȻʮʿһʱΪ档
ִλʦһʱ䣬ɱЩˣͶţȥ֮Ժнɱ޼йصκʿҲҪѰаһ䣬˵Я޼棬ⷽյĳ䣡
ǣ
ʼɢһյ͸
棬ΧʪںϣһƮӰ봫һ¾ŴȷѰңңйصˣʦʦ֡ʦ㻹ваŵӣԱ
ɢȥĶԺӣЩǿߣһʵ֪ôֲ
־ͷִŴǿڵħԸ޼ʿЩ˶Ծһ֮֡
ϴһǿ֣߳ɱ֮ʣͻأӦһϢ
ڶϢһŮӴһƯղǴ߿ա
յѡ
ȷһ棬ҲԺ֮һԺľյѡ
յۼòϽ·ӣһͬԺš
Ծ
ԺţյѾ֮ųĹϵ


916 ǰɳ½
֮ǰԺѸյѡԾӰӣ֪滹һŮ
յѱȻ׷ҲԺɱ޼ʿԶԶŶԷˣܿҲһȥ
ǰÿŽΪѣ˭֪Ϊ޼ע¾ŴҪΪˣ
յѡԾΪЩųΪѣֻЦˣŴΪ顣
ӦϢŻĿǱ
Ԩ
ԳӰ´Ǳһ֮Уػڲ硣
һӡĶͻȻسаʦҪȥɳ½ʼ½ǵļңɽǵĸ
ԫϡ糤ԼΧţԴżֳ˼
а£渵ǰƴҲӻҵʮ꣬Ҳ׷ɱǲһӣȥɳ½һнҪôһ½ͷףлᣬڶأʱʱ̿ĵأλͬ⣬磬Ҫ϶Աеӣ뾡С
ԫΡȻȭģǻᾡ콫°ȥ֮ڶϾҲˣҪһϢӵħ䳷ȥͲף
´ҪץɢɣŲаӻ֣뿪
ʦã
뿪س罫֧
һƯŴζԨǰسԵԹʮ㣺ʦ뿪ڶǧ꣬δҲţʦã뻨̫Ҳⷽ½δΪһ˫޵£òɣ
˵֮ǰʦ¾ҲһʱԽܣ
ұΪﻮЩ꣬ټͬţһҪʦȳǵžȳʦٽаţأʦǾȳˣʦȴҪһУٶŬǸ֮
ʦңʦ֮Ϊʦʲô˵ʲôһҲȨΪͽܣӦ֧ʦʦܽ˰ٺãҲСʦڣСʦܼǰǿʵҲ࣬ҲСʦδٽаţ
سͻȻһȣСʦܣΪǻ뿪򣿻һУ
ʦܣһĽһ
سͣҲǹֻΪأиٽţȥɳ½
ʦ֣
ĳǰʦ¾λҲͬ⣬Ҳûʦ˵ĶԣĿǰƶԣҪؽŸܣ뿪Ǹһѡ񡣡
á
õ𰸣سֻӦԶԡ
ԼĪյĻصԨȥɱʮͷǳ컯쾳ʵԼԻԵò
ûãаʾȥ
ԭǲаڼ嶯Ա߲һ׼ŻҪ뿪
аǰչͼָŸһƬ½Ҫһ뿪ħ䲻ܣǼƻֳʮС飬αװ֮뿪ҷֿɳ½ȥ;лиֳ߲һʱһʱʱ̴̿߶һɹշָӡԽȥɳ½ǨƣӦҪʮȥɳ½
˷ֳһɹɣ˼ãҲͬ⡣
Ŀǰһ⣬Ҳֻܽ
ʦ뽲
ɳ½ȥ
ͽҲδ̤㣡
Ҳ֪ɳ½ΪʦǧǰȥһΣĿǰʲôһ֪Ҫȥɳ½֮ǰҪȥɳ½ףҵ֮ٹȥϣȫ
ʦܵһһ̤ɳ½ܵõϢǵӾ;Ҫʮ꣬ͽ֮һȥ׼ȫԴʦͬš湪
аοЦݣйغСģ޼ɳ½Ҳ̫ƽҪ׼
оů⣬ָоûйɳ½һֱͽǱ½ʼĿ꣬ΪĿ꣬µǵŴͽҲȻ壡
Ǳȥ죬硢ڰϹݡСа벻ٲаŸ߲͡
ӰҲֱʧ
ڵħαװòϢ֮󣬱뿪;ӦԵŴӡ
뿪ħǳ˳Լһº˼ٳͷԽնȥ
Լһº˾뿪Ư֮ϣ̲ﶯںǰ̫΢
óͼԱһҶһ꣬ɼͼʮ½ʼ½λƷƫһ磬ԺڵĶʤݡ


917 ħε
ɳ½λƫһƬһָɳ½λʥ½뻯½ʼ½֮׺ҪʮԽƻָʵҲӺ׳Ʋܵɳ½
ĦȭƣȻȲϴţŸӰȫ
Ƕûһ㻳ɣ֮һֵȼ֣޼ͷҲ֡
¡һˣԭһɽ׹뺣档
֮˱һڣѪɫڽ磬Զ޴𵴣ܿƽ
ӦϣΧʱǧһǱԼĪ
޼ͷҲʩչӵпˮܽκͨ顣
Ҳңҷ׷ڤ˼о鵤
Ҳ־ԼСǧκιҲֻ湦
Сǧ޷Ϊ־ϣ˲Ϊ̬ϧԽҪȥ򣡡
𺣹ڣõв
治гӦг壬Ʒ֣֮Уһ޼ͷ֡
ʱ˶ԿʧڼһЩ𵴣ԭɹ׺ʱһЩҲʶ޹֣Ǻǳ࣬޴ڡ
׺Σճ̶޼ͷΪ֮ɵ֮´󣬾ͽΣݻ⣬Ա˶ηǰһ¡
̽٣ƾںϣҪһЩƷʯһЩرʯָܻƾף
ʶع鱾Ҳ֪ѳɹڶ׺аܴﵽɳ½
ڲۿҪ쵽ɳ½֪еˣûãͷǰһһ㺣޴ʮĵ졣
ԱһǱ½СͼҲ꣬Ϊħεɳ½ΧҲ˶֪һ졣
ħε
벻ڰһ仰˶涫򼸸֣żޣһħε£˵ǰ;ۼ޼йظ·ʿʿˣ󲿷ֶ·һǳΪħγǣ֮Ϊħа
ϸϸħаһžͷħ½ħһ֣һħħڣħεưԳǳأҲǿߣаħ
ħǿߣЦħħ½һħħаǳ
沢δԥɳ½ĿǰǺεƣҲ֪飬ħε½ܽȥתһתɳ½ǰ㣡
翴ˣϰҲϵӻʼ½뿪Ҳаʱ䣬ʮа˾žɳ½
Īа
Ȼӣ׼ãһʱ滺ǱԴû棬̷ɳ
һУӴΪһ⣬ġ
˿ǰʱȻһʮﺣƯš
ħε
ڰͷУ˽󣬳ڰ⣬ҶǵһƬ򣬶ΧһнԷǳ档
ոǰмһһٶˣ¿˽һڼףСħΡħġ
ڰħγǸ֣⺣ѲߣЩΪ컯쾳ҲʮˣȷٶȣԽ·
ǧףħγߣɭɭͣ£
˲üۣ޾޲СģʲôԾĵطϳ֣
ڶԷµȴţϢһٶڼǿ߿ٷ濴ϱףɶǴﵽ汦۷Ʒʣȵ
һףκδ½ҲǱ潣١
벻ħγǿ˶һȻǹħγΪǿ
ħγǲһ㰡
һٶ˲δ˰ΧҲü컯ʿ쾳Ƕûв
мΪﵽ쾳߽λǿߣóһչʱԼһһԱȡ
벻һţҲǵһžĻòһģһûһ˿롣
ȻħγҲѰ棬Ӧõ޼
˶Աȹ󣬺ȻóŻ׸ˣչһϷһ߻񣬴ѮģͨƤǣ˵һ۸оǵǿߡ
һָŻüʣ޼Ͼɳ½Ƭɢ޾ͷħγץطǼԺһҪʱ֪ͨǣǻеΪ
ǣ˿Ϳ
Ŀȥ󣬴ҲħγǼȥ


918 ħγԪ
޼ϾˣȻϾҲ޼ǿߣɳ½Ȼ޼йصǿߴڣ
ԽţԼ̤ħε
ħεϷǰƸǣټһΧһƬɭ֣Ͳһ죬ž޴ɽȻһħĴ߿ա
ڰܵħγǾ봦ʿҲΧϢǺܶǿΧɱԽħγбϣҲħγǽ̻ᣬһʯܽǾס
֮󣬴ȥ
Լ컯쾳ٶȣҲͰԽɭ֡ɽһڸԭ֮ϵѪɫǳء
ħγǣ
һЩ򶡢ڳǳΧǳһ޴籣ţ˷ҲһЩʿڡ
ǰһڼ׸ֶһҪʮƷʯܽǡ
ˡ
ڼ׸ѰݣһħѪȼ£Ȼ΢΢ŷ
йϤѪɫħڿ
ΧȴһʿӰӡ
Ȼڴ˿̣ʮʿͻȻӺ󷽸߿տ俴ò汻ǰǸϢ
ʱھϴѪħǶ򶫹ŽɵһţԪ
ԪȷȻͷͨħȴ̺ѪħѪͷš
벻ħ۵ľţԪ
ŽȻǾŴҲǻʼ½һԪʵȻ
Ͷħۣħεôħۣɵͷһ
ˣ
Ԫһ֣©ħεڼǿߣ׷׶ǹӭʮǡ
ֵٺ٣Ԫħγй
΢΢亹һ̣ͣҿԪħγйϵǷħۣǵøӽħۣǱһѪս֣ҲǷħǵȾͷ֣
翪˲䣬ħͷţǰһƬԺڰɫΪľ޴ǳأ彨ǳûֱ̫Ψ룬һţͷɽӡȻħа
氵дˣԪոշţͷɽڲϧн磬绹ǳ޷Ϣ
ݣʱκβҵȣһںżأϣʿȻ࣬Ҳ١
ܶͨʿϽħζӵ壬ϷѲߵǿҲ㣬ʿߣһڽֵ֣󲿷̵ֶꡢ¥Ϣ
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ҹһ̵꣬СϹݺܿȥϢ硢ڰ䡣
óַؼϸϸʼġ
ɳ½ͼϸϸһǰĵͼǵ˻ƶɡ
ӹȥͼϿɼɳ½ô嫣޼һͳ½Ϸϰٴ޼ڷ̳̳ڴ½룬ٱյͼһããɭ֡桢յأвٵط޼շ̳
ŵͼɳ½󲿷ֻΪյ棬ΪִϢ֮أŴв٣Ϊµڲд飬޼ǧʿɱ֮ĿħɣʿȥѰ޼ıɶһȥ
ԭôССֲɳ½ΧشԼ½һЩռһЩ
ͼԵһЩ꣬һЩ̡̾
Գ޼ڴе޼޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼ĴţĴΪдɢ޷ֲΧŵȷʿûڴ½Χ
ˣԭ޼Ͼɳ½Χһɢ޾ͷ޼ΪҲһžͷһ˶֪ħ½Ҳ£ҲۼųԼ޼ڴߡ
ӼռϢǰ£ЩϢ޼ϾǰӴűŴΧɱһգħͷ֮ʧȥ䣬ħаҲ϶ͷŴħγǵԴɱħγǲǿߣһ޼Ͼħаͷ
˵꣬治ɵ̾Ϣ֮ǰΪɳ½ֻһĵأ֪޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼ЩΧ޼ϾħаЩǿͷҪ㣬Ҳǳף


919 ޼Ͼ
Ǹ޼Ͼˣٺ٣ĻȻȡĦȭơ
ڰҲ󲿷ַؼҲһɫĿǰҪɳ½ȷѣΧ޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼ЩԼɢ޾ͷɳ½ûޡĵطЩ˻ռˣҪɳ½㣬ô¿һ
»þչʱʦһ̤ɳ½͵еطͳǰɳ½
ҹҶϢ
磬Һúóһ٣㷹뿪ħε
ϿգУҲעħεΧȻû׺ʱʱкֳû
Ҫ׺ȥɳ½»ΣաһΪڿǽ顣
ڼɳ½һƬ½ȷ嫣½ͬƬ½糾ǰɫ֣˸оһ档
ˣ
Խǿɳ½Ҷǳһ࣬ѴңԭӲԶһͻȻʮˡ
һɷֲñӦЩ޼ħϢȻһȺɢޡ
СȺͷǿʢƣаĿĵɵҪ֣
һɨ硢ڰãҪɳ½ٻҪЩ˱ɱˣ׷ѹڴڣ
ǰһ׼֣ͷϢøԶЩʿӦȻ׷ðѹ
ʮɷ׷׻潣컯Ϊһ쾳ǿҲҲ
һ˸ߺò׵ʿŮеɱι㣬Ů֮Щ

ͻȻȥԸЩϣ˶֡
Щɢɱ潣ͨͻأʩչħɷ棬Ϊһ̬Լһٶ
ýԷͨ飬潣Ҳķɡ
Щ֪粻ǺǵϧˣЩüԦħ棬ͬһ㣬һʿǣյһмֻ֮пͷġ
Щ磬Ҳǵù˭ʵѴڶ쾳߽λԸЩ컯ʿͺ£
Ϣʮ˱ħӡ׷ױ봢䡣
Ͱ˼ɳ½ȥͬʱϢͷų
ЧһЩھ½ʮĵ֮С
ϢĴҡͷŶЩ˾һȺ˳Ƕ쾳Ϊ
桢ڰҲһ֣Χ˲䣬һʩչʵһƬƬն쾳ҲǵͽλΪ޷мʩչ
ʮϢһʿͳͳ޼
ת˲䣬Խߣ̤ɳ½
ʱڼǰĳ½ûжٲͬȻֲƬΧ޼Χ
޼еʮռǧΪӸ޼ҲʵȻ˿濹Ĵڡ
Աȵͼ֮ϴǰһ޼Žĳǳأȥ￴ƣϸɳ½Ŀǰƣ
˽ûɭ֣ɽشһ·Ȼûзɳ½½жٲ֮ͬ
һǳӭ֣һƬֺ޼ŽһǳأҲһ̳
ǰ޼ŵԴһʿ̲顣
Χ˵ȴţƶɢޣؤ࣬ЩΪײʿǾʯò
Ҫ֮ʣ鴫Χһʿ޼ΪΪϢԪǳӴڰиӦΧӦǼ˶ñҷ֣
޼ʿ
ôܣ·һЩײʿ龳컯ΪˣҲֻмˡ
ܲԻ
ʾˣںϸӦ·һʿΪϢԡ
Ȼ䣬ע⵽һͷʿһߣ϶ǶߣȻմȾ綾Ȼ˿ͨǣ淢Ϣǳޡ
ޱ濴ȥһСʵΪоޣǾǸĪ⡣
Ҳǳ϶ˣҲ΢΢޼ͷţΧħƣȻ޷أ
޼ͷ̺޼
޷ӦôӦǲģʱֿϹݣ˻װģ
ˣΪܾˣˣʵҲܴﵽ޼һ߶ȣƬ̣õϹݿ϶ش
ϴ󣬴ˣӵ޼޼ͷ簵ȻĪǡ޼Ͼ


920 ս޼
޼Ͼ
һ̲棬桢ϹҲ⡣
翿һЩ汻֮ǰ˵У޼ϾϴôһͷɲܷŹҪ
Ҳϲ׵һͷ˵زȻǻᣬ´ˣأжŴһһ
֮һ棬żǣҲΧȴš
氵Ӧ޼ϾһһͷħԣƤѪ㣬ȷˡ
޼ϾȵסһȾ£Ҳһ¡
һȻתΧͿշȥ

˵ȥǧԶһͬ߿ա
ϹݴСһ׷ȥ硢ڰں󷽸٣Լһ˴Ӹ߿Խ
һɽǰʮ֮⣬硢ڰҲ޼Ͼ
Ը־ͷԷֱȻɱУƾף
һϵΪƾףоƷʩչκͨҶ壬ǶԴһͻϮ
û⣡
ֽ߶ǿԪԺ
һͨһһͨʿ޼ϾԶʱͿ濿
δ컯Ϊ󷽷գںϸӦ£޼ϾҲ˲δ㿪

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桢޼Ͼһһ˫˸һۣ޼ϾͨʿͷĬĬС
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е˲䣬ͻȻ
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һͷͷ𻢣ɲǳ޼Ͼ
һ컯Ҳཻ֣޼Ͼɲɫ䣬֮ǰǸǱߣ֮˫ͫͷѪ⣬޼
ʱЦһͷɱ𻢡
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䣡
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̹ȻֶûһͣҲҶ޼Ͼ֣
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Ŵ
޼ϾǸǿƣ֮ԱЦЦһȣΨоŴ֣ܳҾͲа˭˵ǾŴӣ
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Х䣬󼲷磬޼Ͼͷ޼֮ɱһץΧһռ䣬ɱһӡ
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ӡɱܽΧռûӡʶֱۣãѸ绢Ϊһྪӡƿռ䣬·Ҫ˺ѡ
޼ǿ֮ͨһ޼ժ֣ǱˣԸռ䣬СӣԺʱһո㣡
޼ϾаӶ˫֣ӡΪģƷɱ
ȻΪ޼ϾһȻռ䣬޼Ϊǿѹ޷벽һҪٶֲơ
˫ּ𵴣ͫ·ȼգ֮
һ鱬һȼͻԼʮɣС
䣡
ӡһɱͻ֮ϣÿһӡԴųԽ쾳ʵʱ类һ޼һǿߣùΧ
ͨ컯ʿʱҲ޷мܣҪӡ˺顣
ӡɱʱͻú飬ͻִ֮ڲϱ
֮˳һ֣ʱʱ̿̿ԱһȻףΪֵκι
ͻѱûΧһײԽƴ
пΧϴӿռɱӡ·ֻصǱ½޼ڣ޼ժֳ޼Ǿ޼ͷʩչӲϣ˳һƶһ
ЩӡΧռ䣬ϵɱͻһδ飬һδᣬб޼ͷƣʱʱ̶̿ڲ
ԭҵʵȻѴﵽ쾳۷壬޼һͷǿһս
޼ͷ֣û˿־壬֮һ˸߲ңܵ޼ժһƣ𵴶жວӰ죬ҲûΪ˶ġ
һαǰ㣬ȻУһ޼Ͼ۵ùǺһ컯Сӣǵͨ˵ãϾ޼Ȼò㣡


921 
ȻХ޼ϾˣҲⲽأĪԸͷ
һҪѹ㣡
޼ϾƤЦⲻЦΪǱ亹ðͣһڴġ

ӡɱ֮ʣϷ󲿷ӡʼȻʧȻһһ޴ӡ֣֮ϷѸץ
ӡ޼֮ɱӡԵҲ˶ѡ
ȫ
һצͻ״̬֮УȻһԾʳһ㣬Ϸ޴ӡȥ
䣡
ӡ¡ɱڻצ֮ϣѹûצ׹Χһռ䣬Ҳײ֮顣
޼Ͼǿ򣬳һྪˣһ̷׷顢ݡ
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ǡ
ɱƬȻռΪ𵴣ȻһͻμڱֲѹƵ·Χֳ
޼Ͼͻʵò᣺֮ǰСʩչĻͨҲһͨͻ벻ͨȻ֮Уֳ·ͨʹﵽ˺һĸ߶ȣ컯컯ܣ컯ġ컯ֻʿ򵽶ͨȻںðˣƲ컯޼ν컯ҲֻŰˣ
ڽѪȼգɫѪҲǣȫͻѪڱͻͻ컯䣬ʵԣ
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޼ѹɼ컯ΪʵȻﲻ޼߶ȡ
ˣҪҪڰ͵Ϯ޼Ͼ
һԪһʮ֮⣬Ժ
ԵӦˣģһκβңػߣֻҪô߱ɣԸ
ݣ
ֻһĨӰߣͻȻȫԸӡʱӰгɱ

ͻµ棬ȻɫӰơ
˲ϢӰ棬벻ǣӰʱӰȻδɱ͸ĵ¡
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СӿĪ㻹ã޼Ͼ֣
ʵȻֶ֣ǡôĻ˵޼ϾҲҪҳ
ԲѣͲƣ飬ҲǼ׶ˣ޼ժ֣
ʯ䣬˶̶һԻ޼Ͼ˫ֳϷռٴץȥ
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ͷŹִ߶֮ɲǼ𣬶ܴӡɱ
֣
ϷӡɱΧҲ֮ǰѹƣ֮滹ܵ
˼޼ϾĿ׼ʱЦƬ̣˲䣬Ҫһ·ɱ
Ӧ޼Ͼɱֳһȥ
޼Ͼһɱƾ֮£ȻһԲΣƸط
涸ȻѣϴСģ
·Բ־䣬ѹȶ£תһƣɱһ⡣

һħͷзҲУ

һ룬Ʋ˵Բһǰضɽҡǰײ
沢δˣֻǶ̶̲һߣȻԲָס
ž
ԲֺͻȻɱһӰ޼Ͼų˱һԲϡ
䣡
һδ޼ͷúм֮
޼ϾĿ࿴ֿⷨǱɳ½ģǰ޼ڷƷȻ
֣޼ڷҲǴһ޼󣬵ڶ޼ڵķ
Ʒ


922 չ
ಣ
벻ǣ޼Ͼһ֣ǿٴνˣץס־ͳȥ
⣬ֲžͷλģԭﱾҲ˫
ȥʩչ֮
䣡
ڶϢʮ
޼Ͼ־ͷٶȶ죿
ȴɭ֮ͻȻɱķͨһͻϮһת˲Ϊ档
ը˸䣬Ƭɭն֮漸ϮǺǣΪôֶΣ
Щ
硢ڰ׷ɱ޼Ͼڻǰǰ벽
޼Ͼɱ޲ý˰ƤǣƤ໯Ϊ綾״̬
֮˾ռˣѵˮϷ޼Ͼһδʤαż뿪
޼Ͼߺ̣ǰ󱲣ҪϾǸˣ
˭ɱ˭һ㱻ħа׷ɱоŴΪˣˮ׷Ź㣿
֣
Ʒű׵޼Ͼ˫۸չɱ֮УȻˡ

һλڰ绤Ϲ˲䣬žžը졣
ָ֮ץƷļʸһεײ˲
߼桢޼Ͼǰ籬ըγɳƣ·Ҫ˸˺顣
˫ʩչԿ˭ҲδռϷ磬ȻǾƷͰˡ
죺ʱˣ޼Ͼӽ쿪ʼͳΪǿߣΪɳ½һ
޼ϾȻޱȣʲô컯ʿϾΪЧǵŴ仹࣡
ȴ沢δ˫ͫӿԪΪȥ
޼Ͼ㬴ЦԪϾ⣿СӣѰ޼Ԫַӽ飡

Ԫ߶֮һâһߵ壬Ȼ޼Ͼ
޼Ͼһδ߶֣Ҫõɱƣ顣
ͨһâȼնǿƣԭΪƣһγͶײ
쳡ˣƷƣɫײ֮ʣֹͻȻһɫһԾѸײڶ֮ƣԽ޼Ͼ沿
⡢⡭޼Ͼֺ󷽣˹δһսսĿࡣ

ɫˣϵ޼Ͼ沿ȻǿƳԲƶȥ
޼Ͼţͷųȫƣ⡢߼ӣԭԭԪ񷨱СӹֲøϾǰʩչԪƣ̫
ҾغɣǼӡȼճҫâ
˿̣޼ϾԺ
ɫƣͲôһƬǻΪ׺嫣ɫ˳أԺ֮ϯ
ʶɫԪ֮УҵһʩչԪȫǿж
ǿн֣Ԫؿռ䣬⻹ǵһΣҲǰͨҪǿΪҪԪ
һزҲ˵λǿ硣
Χ޼ϾǿѪռ䣬ܿٷǰǾ޴ؽ硣
شðһƣ֮޼ϾͨԪŭһָСӣǱؿռ䣬ֻ·һ
֮ԱǣںŻңҿɲǻģ˵оԪòɱԺžͷҲҪ
ɱɱɱ
޼ϾͨԪӶ˫֣ⲿԺռ䣬ѪڻΪһ籩Ԫơ
䣡
žͷԪǰ׷飬˿޷赲ԦԪǰĲ
𵴼䣬޼Ͼ⣬ȻâƣΪһս񣺡žͷ
ֵز޼ϾûпӻᣬҲ޷һˣҪش顣
Ԫӡ֮ȼճԪס
һ𣬶Ԫ𣬶浱޵һԪ޼Ͼ𣬸ɰͷĲࡣ
޼ϾٿԪ𣺡Ԫ𺣣Ϊҽ
̣
Ԫâڣƶǰ޼ϾԪ
Ԫ޷⣬ڴ߶ľƷԪκηԳ޼Ͼ
ԪȼƣҲɫԪɣǷ֮ٿ£޷ԪƷա
ǰٶһأⲿȼ𣬴żֲмȻڲͥŲ


923 Ͼ
ǰƶ֮д̩ȻЦݣ޼Ͼˣ㾫غԸң籾ᱻλѻ飬ûɱ㣬㻹ԶĺãȥԪҲǰװģ
ֲ㣬޼ϾԪʧȻǷ֧СӾðģֶΣ޼Ͼ޼Ϊⷽ򡢷½ưǧ꣡
޼ͷҲ˶Ը㣡
ԩ޳𰡣
ףֲСʲôԩ޳߾͸ñѹǿ磬ұɱ㣬ʶҵĲ㻹ɣĵ˲ңǵŴԼħа
㻹ҵˣ
Ҫɱ㣬Իˣ޼Ͼ޼ΪҲһΪ˾˵ľͷѵ͸ԸУ㲻뽨޼ڣ㲻ɳ½ưһϣĿһģҪԺٽ޼ڣû޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼Щɳ½Ϊȫ
ϾмͣͣܶԸŴħа޷Ը˵޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼Щ֪СΪϾ㵱
޼Ͼ곰ЦȻ͵Ϯڴ߶ͨԪϷš
һʱ֮Ԫ֮ǰһ
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˲䣬ŭˣӡ֮ԪɲǼ仯Ϊӡ
ޡ޼ժ֣Ҳ޼ʿЩԪӡ޼Ͼһ𺳣֮ǰҲδ˱顣
ǷƭɣȻ㲻ʵҾͽ÷
ݣ
Ԫͷǿ⣬һ˲仯ΪΧԪ˲Ϣ
ƶԪ棬Ժӭ޼Ͼ
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޼Ͼٴһ磬һͷųһھ޴ȼսһ೤ɱĽɱ
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޼ϾǻԪ޽ʱڽɱ£׷顣
ۣ
޼ϾԪҲ˳һŭһʱԪһ㣬ʱͷɱɫؽ綼ڲһɱؽϣô޼ϾؾҪ飬زҲͳɸ˰ˡ
ǧһ֮ʣ޼ϾȻſ־ߺ֣ͣϾˣϾˣ
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ɫԪϷɱֲƣ𵴲ѣϷһϣʱѹơ
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ǾԪƣأҪͨԪֲӡӡһɣҾͿ㣡

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ѹƶӣǰ޼Ͼڲռ䣬ԪϢڱߡ
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֪޼Ͼǰ֮ǰǵͷΡΡԶŰ˵Ͼɱº֣
ֻֿ˷Ͼ㿴ΧԪ㲻ţҶҪôңԺΪЧ
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йһ䣬޼ϾȥϾͷҪһ˼⵽ףȻĲٷԪ󣬽ϾԪ顣
ɲϾҲǷ涯ͷŴħԪȻʣȴҲֻվһħȦŴԼԪӡӿԪ
鴫ˣӤħ̥ǾԪ񹦷ǰ磬ҲԪ񹦷Ͼ⣬ǻģһֲԺ
Ӥħ̥ǲԸ´࣬žͷܻ£Ȼ򵥣ƲʵΪҰ£ˣ޷ߣɭɭЦӤħ̥󷨣Ȼġ
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924 Ͼ
ΧʧҲָһʶһɨûɱɣ
޼Ͼ״ֱ̬ȻɿΧ󣬲ɿţˣСӣҶˣǾʹ촰˵Ҳ޼ʿԸϾʲôĿģԲԣ
ˣžͷ
ߣҶ޼ʿƾһ㣬ϾҲ֪СӱʲôҰġ
غҲƭ㣬޼ʿҲŶ֣Ҵɳ½ţҶһ½ֲ˽⣬Ҫһ֮޼ϾⷽذɢޣõȻ绢
Сⷽ½ţҲɳ½ǺεƣΧ½ûж顢ȴɢޡռݣ½ڲ󲿷ֽա棬ΪֲǸŴԼγɵĴ顣
޼Ͼ֪Ŀģˮƾ飬ǰٽ½Ѱǿߣ׷޻أ½ŴҲòⷽ½кͣĪųԽŴıͷҪ汳ġ
ϾﰧǺˡ
̾ĬһҲ侲
תһԪʧ޼Ͼء
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Ͼıͷ󷨱ԿΧǿƣԶһϹݡС硢ڰԴ

ֻͻȻʧָͫæͬʱзġ
ڰߺϲˣõһԮ
Ŷ޼ϾתˣһɨΪмˣϾ㣬һں֮ڣ컯쾳Ϊ¼Ͼһˣ˵Ը޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼ĴǶԸڲɢ޸֣ҲɳΡ
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Сȼ˾ۼڻΧ޼Ͼͷ΢΢ʱԵ˸룬綾ĥһץһѪ
˵һ䣺ˣ㲻ǽⶾôκξ綾㶼ɻ⣡
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ż˵һѱһᣬ޼Ͼȹʡ
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ҳĬһ󣬺ܿСŹʣĳǵĳĵȻҲǴҵĵˣϾҪȥɳ½ңмȻ½޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼Ĵռݣطɢޣ½֮ǱȻ֮أ
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925 Ѱ˼
ϸϸԱȣ޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼ɢռɳ½置½붼Ƿյء
ڰҪͱȻر޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼Ĵˣֻѡ񶫱ڲյؽ
ҵһطѡ
Ҷʾ֭ʱ޼ϾָŶһֺƬɭ֮һ棬ǰŴ޼ʱʱǳأ޼ڻǧ꣬ǳضڱŴʹãŴ֮ưܡˣҲʿȥϧﶼζдϾһνȥһΪľ
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˵꣬ż˵棬޼ϾӶۣڸ첲ԼĪ߳˰̣Ŀġ
ϾҲ̶࿴һ˰̣֣ϾϳǽֲʮУͱβ͵ϮֻߣԺҲҴⷽǳص⣡
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ϴϼһĪⲻɣʱ޼ڣæѡ
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Ϣ䣬ڰȻдˣǵ޼ϾȥϳǱؾĶǡ
޼Ͼѱѹ˾˼ҲŶҵֻ֣취ԸǣֻҪһһѣȻƣұ֣ʱɱǣһƳɿܣ
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ǺǣʲôڣƶƣԸаƼ˻ֶζʹóɣ磡
ܼ򵥣㽫ھ綾Ƴ⣬һѪ͸ڣ֮һͬѪΪ㻯о綾һֱӽ綾ڣ÷ʽѪͨľҾʹӾѪ
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һӣ޼Ͼ˵ͷڼƣֻǳ˸ƺ«һԡ
ֱ֮һЩѪǶҲѪ֮͸޼Ͼϸ˿ðһЩŧҺһЩѪȳζܿƬڴ
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һЩѪ˿޼Ͼ󱳣ƤΪѪ񭣬ðںɫҺ
Ƥֳپ磬ÿһڶǶҺ˸·Ҫ޼ϾΧűЩҺΧѪŶҺϧѪ⡢͸


926 
޼ϾϼⶼڴҺ裬ౣãһغˣʹ絶ʣ컯
˿Ѵھ۾״̬ƶԻĲɣʵԣλҲһδδйսҲ컯ΪжѪɷֵס޼ָ߶Ⱦ綾
ָ·Ƥ΢΢ʼͷѪ

ͻأһᣬ޼Ͼ󱳷ֿ˲䣬Ƥʮ羭һѪâ
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ڰһۣ綾治򵥰޼Ͼžͷž綾ôԵ컯ΪĲ࣬ʹþ綾ϱֲ˹
뵣ģֶοɲţȻ򣬸˺һЩ桢޼Ͼ㹻ռ䡣
޼ϾȻҲһ˼ƶž綾ϴϰ޼ϾҲʼѪ
Ȼ򵥣ﵽ޼߶ȵľ綾ҶҲһս
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綾ԶԣҲ޷ֹܿûұۡ
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ʮ֮⡣
硢ڰȻڹע棬ڰұڿʼϣȼճѪǾ綾ֱڻΪ̣Դ𺳵Զԡ
ȻЦŸ˶ꣿһ·˴Ǳ½ʼ½綾˶ԣСһ
Ϲٽ㣬ɵ°ɣ
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ϹԣΧȻϢںϣһ̣ΧҲ֮һӦû£ʲô£һ֪ͨǣ
СаϹݣɵΪ޼ϾϹٽ㣬˵ɵǲǺ
ûֶΣҲڣСǷݺ֣Ϲ񵭼ӡ
޼ϾΧڶ϶ڻصݵҲΪɼôԵ
Χγɶ״̬ܷա
˾綾Ե̶ȣֲ޼ϾֳͷҲΪ
һºΧ𽥽ʧҲӰӡ
޼ϾͬഺƤָѪһ˿ߣСûƭϾˣѪ߳ɾ綾Ѱɾ
滺ѪɫâģѪɫâ˿룬ϾѪӿھ綾һ첻ɾпܷɣʣɾ綾ⶾպ϶඾Ҳκβ㣡
Ͼãʼǣ
΢΢׼½
ֿʼУ޼Ͼһﲻܾ綾Ӱ죬ɸԴǾͷۻӴƸ
֮΢΢Ưëë꣬һЩڸ߿ʳֺϿճ½Ѱٶǰš
;ҲӦһЩʿرܺ޼űԵؽ磬ҪӶȥ潮Ҫ޼ŵ·
꣡
ֿܼȺܵͣϲӦ⣬޼ϾҲֻǿӦʮ⶯
ʱһͬԽУ֪Ƿɹ֮·ֺϷһЩ˿ߡ
Щ˿·ɳһЩɫɶ꣬Щ˿


927 ޼׷ɱ
˲δֶߣ޼ϾһĻȴü

ϷͻȻΧһЩȻΪһ
޼Ͼڼͷ֮ʣָЩвķɶ꣺Сˣ޼󷨣Щɶ޼ʦСѱɣ̺޼žϢȻ֮³˿ߣ˿̺޼ϢΧֱ޼ֲ¸ӦѴ磬ܿᱻ޼׷ɱ
ڰһ벻öط
κŶһطֶΣΪ֪޼꣬ȻֶΣϾⷽߣһһ˽⣬ߣϾȻһɨ

һͬӿٶա
Ȼش⣬ϰٵ֮࣬˲
ĺÿ죡ɭɭȵ
޼ϾҴҡͷҲҪһܣǾɳ޼ŵؽ磬ȥߵشǸɼܣǵ̲㣬гǧǿɱ
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˫ٶֵ󣬴ʱǰ߿ǸַݺᣬҿɼһЩݲķش
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޼ϾȻգǷ޼һɱ࣬߰ˣ
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ǰǰǴ棬֮ͻأһЩɭ֡
޼ϾʾԶһЩشǸɢ޵̣ǻǶ̾һƬɭ֡һɽͷΪؽ磬һȺӵһɽЩ޼źٽ˫Ҳȥǿ϶Ϊ޼ţҵͨУ
ЦȻҪⷽ㣬Ծʹ󷽷Щˣˣ
˴ӷϷԽַޣڴ֮С
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ǰӰγɼһſ컯쾳δӦ޼ͷ
ʮ쾳ǿ߼Խй˫ֱһ߻Хգȱ޼׷ɱܱǸﲻͨ
ϣȥã֮УһԾɭɭЦ
ߣһ֮ͽЩˣֱԼŭ
ಣ
޼ǧҲ̤ҲǶ쾳ͷʮִ߶зɢһˮˮ˷أ˭Ҫǣݹ޼̤ƽ
ǿɲѣɢһҲ׷ͣ£һǿԣܰ޼Ž£
ʲôʱ޼Ҫ˲֣
һ޼ǿߣӿٶȣ·ڴ߶潣һоͽ˸¡

֪ǿߴĿ⣬һһʱ޼Ͼʱʱʧȥƽ⣬Ӹ߿׹䡣
æ󷽷ȥߺǡ޼Ͼ
޼Ͼ
޼ʮַ׷׶ˣ޼ϾʱҲȻ֣𺳾ŵ޷ơ
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Ǵ߶ǧΧһ潣һն
Ȼ޼ϾǸħͷ
ɢһЩ֣Ҳ֪޼Ͼ֮УҲè׷׺ߡ
ڰǰ󿴿üͷƬ˼ᣡ
޼Ͼ¶⣬ԼͷǷݰϾһͷЩϺ׻


928 ý賤
ϾֶȻ¶ɱ⣺ʱʱ䣬Ʋһ㣬޼ЩϾͻɱ
ɱ
һǧ˽֮ʣʵ޼ϾѣҪ֡
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ǾֶϹݡСһ䣬תնѼǰִһ֡
һڵزغΪҽ״̬ɫ𣬶ʱΧ滯ΪҺ塣
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ͣ
һƬ߿գ˲ϢΪ߿ա
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ǧɱĽ󣬱ɱó䲻⣬ǽʼһƬһƬ
޼ǧˣȻϢʼ׷ܡ
ӳϷģǰ׷ɱ࣬úˣ
һ齣֮У޼ͷ
޼Ͼʩչһ޼ŵΧƣͽһӻ˺ѣΪ顣
ٵӿʼߣ޼Ͼɱ֮󷽣·أȻɱ޼ժ֣һӡֻգ۹򣬱㽫һˣɱǺм֮
ѪħãѪ磬һӡӣ봢䡣

һŭ֮ϯ߿ն
𵴣ⷽɢ޽籩
Ÿ߲㣡
౻ɱĶӵ޼ŵӣͳͳ߿ա
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ǿɱ⣬ˣ޼һϣҲһľͷ죡
ɱвһ׵޼ϾǰһɨʵҲǿȻϾɴ˱֪ϢһɱǱȻǶ֡
Ҳϻ֣ˣɢ޵̣

˵۷СϹݻ֮󣬲޼ŴɱѶ֮ǰɢ޾ۼƬ߿ա
ǺӿʮˣȻǶ쾳Ϊ߸һ޼ߡ
˿ۼӳ֣һͼڰ񣬲ֳһѱ޼Ͼ޼ԣɱŵӣӶԴ˶Ҫɱ㣬Ȼڱڵ
ȥ߿յ磬Цеسһɨȥ޼ϾȻ˶㣡
޼ϾЦǵ˵ӶƸЩĸɱԽ֮ǲͬǣЩԾӣֻһⷽ½ˣЩҲ¾
ٶԽˣ˿ɭ֡γɵķ潮
۾ܼһЩɭЩһЩϿȡɽжߣһЩʿЩط׷ߡ
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һɨȥɢ޵̾뷲ũֽ࣬ɭɽ壬ǳǰӵдռ䡣

ɢ޼ʿ׷״·ߣһٶ˲Ƭʮ֮С
ϴ󣡡
涥ź޼ǿ죬ϷʱҲ׷
ͻȻʾǰһǿϢһ޼ͷ
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˵ɢ޵̣޼ͷ
޼Ͼ벻˷·ҲòԾ쳣Ŀ⣬ŴżֺǴɢ޵ؽ磬ͨɢû취κһɢ޵ؽ綼ôǿߣһ޼ͷȻʵȲң˿Ǵͷ
޼ͷ硢ڰϹݡС׷״𺳡
޼Ͼ渵賤һý֣ǶʤʿŻбȴû֪ýǧǰƬɢ޵ؽ硣
С澪ʤݣǲԺԺԺԺڴ½𣿡
ǰ賤
Ͼҡͷй棬δ֣賤һΪȪɽĻĵ֮Уٳ߶Ҳû֪ʵҲѰԼһɢ޾ۻŵԼ棬Ӳ߶Ҳκһɢ޹ϵҲһ㣡
ǰһŤӰվһӣˣ
ĺͻأ
˿Ǹʱ׷׳Ȼ֮ɫҶǶŶԷ֡
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ڰȵᡭ
ǼٶȺܿ죬ϢǰòҲɼ֮޼Ͼ־ͷϸе̩Ȼһʮ꣬磬㷢ﶯӡ
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ӡ賤˵ȻᣬɫǳɣȪɽأռҵ̣ΧЩɢԮһˮˮǸ̤ҵȪɽһȡͷ


929 ǰ
Ե
˱賤Ƽ赲ڰգȻ޼ųʮ֣Ȼ׷ɱ
޼Ͼ챧ȭϾֻ·ǿƵܿȪɽ޼Ÿˣ賤ĪҪǿţ
賤۱󣬿ɼһĨ棬΢΢ðָ޼Ż޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼ڵˣ¶ǳˣҶ̤һ˲ΪУӲ˲˹أһˣ賤˵ɱˣҪɱˣ
УĻϾǵˣɽˮתϾȻ˲ˣʹɫҲȥ
˵ͿշɳͻȻ󷽴һơ
ԭ賤һ֮ʮ쾳ǿ赲ǷȻδ޼̤һ
˶Ϊ˶ζ賤֮ǰһ˻һĭһŶһ
治ɰͷԪǾƷ޼ϾʵҲûǿ˵˵賤ʵΣ
ڶϢŻӦҸղԪںϣûȥϸӦʱоһЩ˺ǿ֮ǽƣƬռ䶼⽣ˣ˿һý֣һλĽҲ˵
Ľߣ
ͽ⣿
Щʩչ潣ʿʵ㲻ϽߣֻýˣýʿֻһЩѣý뽣ֻһͨһָȻĽߣȥѪֽʿټ٣Ӵ磬Ҳֻмǽߡ
˵賤һߣ
һý֣ռ䲻ǹɽϢ˵ߣЩɼõһ㷨ԴմȾϢͱΪߣʵȻֻںһЩϢˣߣɼǵõԾıҲǼٵģƷҲָýʿ죡
ԭˣ
ʲôߣ󲿷ֶꡢ˵ġ
ٴο󷽣Ѽ賤Щ޼Ÿ֣һ֣Զţʵǿ󣬾ƾ֤Сˣһӣϧ޷ύ
޼Ͼ͵Ц޼ŵٶȷˣȻ׷Ǹ賤һѣסЩˣ
ǰǴ󣬷ضڻŴССĺ棬ֲγˮ硣
ľ
벻ڰһں󣬷һЩ˸ɫľԵ÷ǳ
ľ߶õı
ϧ̫٣Ҳδ죬ֻܷ
޼Ͼʾ˷ٶȣɢ޵ؽʮҲ޼Ų׷Ҳ֪಻öԸԾϢһ󣬻а·̣ɳ⴦شɳ½յأʱ顢洦ɼ
·󸽽Ϣһ·
棬ɼһЩð׹ǣһЩⶾˮζһЩˮΣ·ᵽϢһɹ˸߳泱ϧ޷ϰ
ʩչڽϢ
Ϣ죬޼ϾȻǰΪС޼಻У˲޼
ԭǱʩչ޼͸޼ȥûо˷âΧˮǰͷš
еڲ֪֪죬Ҳӵ޼ˣǰɣžͷȻӡ
Ͼ
޼ϾУһžͷȻһЦ
ȴֵΪЧΪˣʱյıҲģ޼ǾҲУǲˡ
ߡ
ϾΪӺ桢ܡ
Ϲٽ㣬Ǹ̰ģһͲģСϹڽԶһС
Ϣ󣬼ٴ
;֤޼Ͼ˵һУˣһЩͷžʵЩ鷳ˡ
Ѱٶȼһºŷ
Ȼرˡ
֮ǰۻܿȥʮԶʱضǻܿһͲˣҷ֮͸һɺѹѹаϢʱʱһ޻â˸
޼Ͼ˻ƵͳЦСˣ̤̤ɳ½ǰΧ޼ڣаʿⷽ½Ҳдʿн޳Ͼ
Ȼһŭʵɱʲô£
಻ʵϾˣǿУʲôǣ̰ھֻüϾɺǣԺĪң

֪Ȼһˣһ֮С


930 ħ
ಣ
޼ϾҲյأСϹҲδԥ
ȻǶмֲ־壬ÿ˷·棬յػκΣѡ
˽յ֮Уһʱ䲻оϡҸӦҲ͸ǧ֮⣬⸴ÿռܵƣʹøӦ޷͸ȥ
أ
һЩ·һЩһ㡣
Ȼܿа׹ǳ֣ҲһЩʬеʿҲеǹ
̣
һǰߣ޼ϾгĬƽʱ߶ͣ
·һЩʬǣںһЩʬһЩðҲȼһЩƮ档
쳣
ʾҡ
תȻֺƯŲٸʬȻϵûһ߰׹ǡ
ƺ׹ǡʬƯڰա
Щ׹ǡʬ͸ͬаϢҲðĳЩʬ˫ͫҲһȦ
糯޼Ͼȥ϶Щ飿
ϾȻ飬ֻʬɱСǣǿЩ綾һմȾϣҲԻ⣬Ȼ̺ͨǿʵڶ쾳
ڰץǲ֣ЩʬҲҪǣ
Ǹǣ
޼ϾյЦһʬûĵطпܳǲܿЩǣ֣һԪԻΪʳ
ģŪǺûɹƵģֻܲϾ

ʮ߰׹ǡʬצ̴䣬һЩʬﻹ
Щʬγһ೤ȫۻĿܡ
Ī֣Ըǣ
ͻȻס
ǰһ߳κȻЦҾЩ鸯ʬΪҵ֣

ָ˲䣬ץȥ
һɲǼ䣬ѪΪһѪѪƬİ뵱շɳ
һƬ𵴣֪ÿһѪ֮У飬֮һֻֻѪƺƵɱ鸯ʬ
˫Ӵ໥е˲䣬ơ
ȻѪһֻֻأ·򽣬Сβһֻֻס׹ʬа̡ԼаԵڡ
ԭǰһ뻹ײޱȵʬһ߾ϢѪɡ
ʧȥаǰ׹ǿʼʧȥȻǲ𿪣Ϊһ׹ɢ档
ЩʬڱѪаǴ˫֮ͫУһЩаԪ
Ǻεֱͨӽգɣ
ʮϢʬͱһˣ׵ػ⣬žͷľͷ
ڰҲǵһμ˶µ飬벻ǰѴ֮͸㶨ˡ
ֲ
аԪͲ˵ˣͷҲɵ鱾ǿӵо綾˼µĿֲڡ
˺öԸôɳ½ô꣬ͱһռݣΪһ½
Щͨʬɱˣ
˭֪;֣ͣĮȻһɨЩʬڷϳǰЩʬԳΪȻϣ
ಣ
תߣѪһӿ

ûѪʬЩʬֿʼͷаĿªˡ
ٴ󣬴ոתɳһԶ벻ǰȻһ޴һشӵ·ƣǽڷžĹ춯ȫʼȼа档
Ҳǰ׹ǣһֻѪ⣬븯ʬࡣ
ȻǰⸯʬɣһĴߡ
ȷǴߣǰӴӵƯһߴϧҲ֪ô
ҪǣѾΪ顣
ߵ͸һЩħħа֯ɻ棬ʬ忪ʼȼա
أ
ȫ渡նһĴߣȻȴһӴа顣
ڰһֽë׷·ѱ⣺ǿʢаƣԪʼ
޼Ͼ֮࣬æߺӰɣһ𡮹ħߡǰƾһӵħ鱻ĥ֮Уɶ䣬ʵϧû˼άʶ˼άȡת˼飬Ǿ綾Ҳ޼־ĴڣοԪһаԪ籩˲佫κζ쾳ʿԪ顣
ħߣ
СҲϹݣ߰ɣ
ڰ棺ˣ
Ǻǣ
֪ʱȻֶָ󷽣עЩͨ飬ѹͷħߡ
ҪɵСˣСܣ˿Ҳһӡ
ץĺ˹Ҫѹͷħߣǿһ飬ѹ֮ΪãôĢ߶ԸǿУ


931 Ƕ
ͣ
һһĨâǹħߡ
˶ǺЩͨ飬ǺĢߣۼŴԼ
ۣ
Һ񱩷꣬ϯĢ˳
һָƾף
һⱦϳֻ֣һͨɫıףʱ棬ͷǴҺû
̣
Һû棬Ȼû°سħߣκζҺƾǰһη׷׻䡢ʧ
ѵǾƷɶ񰡣޼Ͼ챦ףȫԴǳ½ҵ޼ڱذɵʲô顢綾޼ϾİͲס

Һ治ãȻһ
ƾ׻ֱӳ붾֮УɲǼ䣬ڶ֮д󣬲˿Ӱ졣
ڰһٴζͶأҲҵ棬֪һΪܣŶصӡ
ӻ֮һŴҧħߣ
ž
ŴԼаƣִһȼջצڵزڴ߶
䣡
̣
˫ڰҵطײΪĿֲҺ壬ʱڴϣյô߲аܡ
ͷƣɲץסҿ£˭赲ҵĲ
䣡
ħͻȻһǰβ
Ѫβ;ͷȭͷͻϮ档
ƾ׻Ҳɡ
ۣ
ɰף淭ӿһѪƾ׻ס󲿷ֹħһ͸ףش
󷽼˿ѾĿɿڴ澪ΪˣѲսǹ֮䲩ġ
СæϹԮɵû°ɣϹٽ㣿Ҫְ
Ϲ޶ԣĮҡͷпԪǿ˰æ磬⼸㹻ѹħߣ
ģɵõش֮СȻûǷ翴Ʒƶʡ

֮ǰһ̣汻ǴβѪ
·Ҳע⵽һ㣬ڸ߿մﶯһѹѹɽײռ䡣
תۼβ׷ɱһײҲʼ߶ƾףٶ˦ơ
ÿһɱ·ռ䱻ǿ˺ѣףΧ˶мܣЩͨҲʼӴܡ
޼ϾȻָ°ͣ粻ڼ׽ţСӺֶΣ̶̳ѳ쾳컯ʿҲƺǧ޵ãһСӣ
̣
Ʈû·
Ȼ䣬Ȼħͷɱȥѹ֮ʣֵƷϷâ
ƬĦռϷҲԽ˲顣
ۣ
һڹа棬ǰ
֮ʣ˫аͫȻһڻ档
ǶҲһа档
žԪɻһҲ·ѹԽƶ
ʩչԪơ
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Լǿ֮УԶǿ߽֣ۻ鶷顣
һͣԴܿħԪƣ֪飬һصسû޷Ӧһҧϡ
ˣ
ڰŵҲð亹
ֻ޼ϾüͷȥСӳܣֹħ඼Ƕ֣һ컯ʿҲ߯ˣͽɻ
ħ޷ʩչͨа飬ֶ޼ͷȥԪаѹֲӤħ̥󷨣ǾܽѹΪҿһ
˽Ϊ١
Ȼ
ҧסȻ¶Цݡ
ȥǶÿǻһӲһƷࡣ
ûƾ׾ƷƸղһڣѴ͸һغ
ƾף֪ж಻Ÿ޼ɵ컯ԿǿĹħߡ
̣
ħ߼Ϸһڽҧ飬Ȼȥ
ƾױӴ㣬ѻĦƣܸоħô£ƾ׵Ĳ
Ԫɷģƾһ𣬵㹻ҲаƷӲȣ߿ҧһƷ˲˶Ʒ뵣ġ
ϲٺ٣ıǺö
Ʒ磬κηˣˣҪ飬Ȼѣ
Ҳ֪κβң
ˣҪԸħֻһӡ
˵


932 ɱ麣
ͷԪֱ֮ɱߵͷ飬а潻֣ſͷһ̫ˣȥռϷ磬ΨԪϣѹ޼Ͼǰ㣡
Ǿ
ʱ沢Ϊһԥߣ취Ȼ֮޷ѹƹħߣΨʩչԪơ
Ȳ㣬ѵԪ²ɣ
ͷԪڰ硢Ϲݽһ䡣
ͣ
ȻȫҲʼԪ
Ԫϣ
˫ֺʮüԾȻɳĵͨԪ
˲䣬ҲΪԪͨԪںϣΪԪԪһ߿ǻ
һǳɣ
ҪˣСȲϹħȻ붷Ԫ񣬹Ҳ룬һ㣬ԪϷ򶼲Ƕ֣
֮У޼Ͼ°֮ͣǰӣҪСɥһɥ޷Ԫ֮зӡָܻɣԸǴʱĶã
޼Ͼǵ̣ʱʱ̿ڰж档
ݣ
ħڲ
ѪⱻԪ񲻶ԽԪ·޼᲻һ㣬κʶ赲Ԫ
ͻأЩѪ⣬ȻϢҸо߻һ㣬ӦҲŴ
ͣ
Ԫ񱣻ԽһѪ⡢
ͻȻγһײ
Ԫʶ壬ʶԽȻʱȴ赲
ԭʶʱаռΧռԪаײ
ԪиаΧɱһӡ
ʱһԾ룬ԪɱԲҲаڵԪռ䡣
žžž
ռ䶼аԪѹ˸ոս룬ͱ˷ѹѹٶڼ
أɱɱɱ
аԪռԻɫɫѪɫΪǰǧ׿ռ֮УһѪɫԪâȻ˵ˡ
ȻǾаı
һȥѪɫԪâڣγһаӰ飡
ⷽ½ǰйһȷѪ𣿡棬һҲηΧаԪ
Ī飬ǰʿ
ӦþЩߣǰʿ䣬Ӧ֪±飬Ԫ񱻻飬ѪԺ֮У֮УȻһЩȻôһγһʶڴ֮£ǿ
ǰһΣһΣԲˣ
ӿɱȥܺȥ
ϵΧѹȶаԪ񣬷׷顣
ͳͳΪѳɣ
Ȼӵʶ
аâڲץ˫֡
ӽаռ䣬綼
ΧǧаռЩаԪΪһħצԪϰٵʮɣͻͻسͨԪѹ
ߣ
ĵµͨԪΧоƷԪʱ·սʤƽϣɱצ
Ϸצ·Ҳǻצ
Ԫ綼ǷԪѹȣѸײڶ֮ƣ¡¡ɱһ
Ԫצӡ飬Ȼӳ£ʱǿϷԪӰ죬ͦɱԪ
ʹ죬ʹ죬Ϊ컯ʿ֮󣬸ֶѳԽ龳ĸ߶ȣʱ뵽Ԫ֮󣬻ԽȥԺռ䶷
һΧаԪ׷顣
аҲͰ֮ʣͻȻΧ֮еѹȼճԪס
Ԫ𣬱ǿ򱶡ʮ򱶣ΧԪ棬Ԫôһ棬Ҳ̫ˡ
̣ǲĶǰ壡Եâ
ȵȣ
漱æֹѹɱģ㿴ռڣƺһ
з
ҲԵ⣬֮ǰ߶ԪƣΧȼջһ顣
ʶٴǿƿ壬زҽţƻҪջΪ
ϧԪ֮УΧκԪƽԱԪ⡣
ʮ⣬ǰܳԾȷһƺǵһڿ飬ˣҴδһĻ޷ͣ
㶼˵淴ȿҪԾ
һЩԪγɣ޷ͨԲħа֮Уȴһνͣ
Ƕɹ¶飬ǰָ壬֪ǹƵƷ磬Ҳû֪
Ҳǳ棬ֻѹ飬ݣֻٴͷȼԪ


933 Ԫռս
ΧâԪҲøʮɾ룬ڹħԪڣԪ⻪ǿǰš
أ
أ
鱾ڲţԽĲԪӦƽƿأ·ԪҪ˺ѳƬ
˫ʶס䣬Ȼоʶ˺ѣүүģ룬Сүʰ㣿
ԪֲΧЩƣҲڳŤ״̬벻ħа飬ûеսڲаʱ޾ˣҿԿ϶ܲ򵥡
ÿǰһͱĥţԪԻ⣬ȴܴ͸
̲סʵΪаоҲһԪƣ
Ԫ˹Ǹ߼Ԫ󲿷ԪֶΣǼͨԪǿߣǿƣ˲佫ԷԪ顢𣬻аȻδﵽǰ߶ȡ
ΪħֻǿѾˣǿ̶ҲȲս飬ɽ֪֮Ե
˴ɷģаԪƶûжôϾҲγɵԪ񣬶Ƿ顣
ɡ
ʱ˿ְּ죬ԪɱԶ
а鱾ֻɾ룬а鱾𲻶ͷŸȼԪ棬ԪƣҲصΧٴ죬·ħҪʶſ
֮ǰֻʶ޷маԪƣһ̾һƮƮȻооκΣʹࡣ
ˣ
һϤԪ·кӿһֻֽס
ʶʹûڷ·뽬磬ԽԽʹࡣ
ҡҡͷŵò᣺ղôˣΪһֻ˯ĸо
аҪʶһԪаʶ£аʶںϣձаٿأΪʹǸ߼аֶΣǿʩչӤħ̥󷨣ԪƣаӰԵڤڤ֮У޷ͨʧȥ
Ҳ͸ŵģҷ˸ղͻȻ˯һ㣬ͬʩչԪƣа𿪣ѳΪƵʶܣ
һ̫߹ԼΪڣƾףҾܽħѹ棬̫ˣ
ʵҲ˵֮ǰһҲùħȻޱߣаϢֲҲ׽ѹ֪ڲȡ
ȻߵһһҪаѹħԽǿԽⷽ㣡
ʩչͨ
һƽ֮ǰͬ
磡
汾ȻǹħߴҧסһħҲ·ʧȥʶƯš
ԶһֱĿתڰȵ֣ȥ죬Ȼħ߶Գ֣ǲΪ
ǵˣʲôףһ֪ͨǣסڻޣ㿴޶δ˵˻ǺúõģɱаԪռ䣬˱Ȼռаɱѽѷ֣Ǿȴǣ
Ԫ񶷷ѳ쾳߶ȣһҲ岻֣˼һһֶ
Сӻã̸ܣûħ߻ɱôã޼ͷԪҲмܲסˣ
и˱Χ˸ż
޼Ͼ
ʱʱ̿׼ȿҪߴʱҲУ治֪ǻţһߣ߶ԪӤħӡôϾøȻˡ
ħԺ

һɳâΪ̬Χγɣ类һ㣬ǰǰа鱾һδɱ
ԪÿһζаΧϢɱ飬δȫΧаƱ
Ȼаǿĸ߶ȡ
أ
Ʋϱƽа鲻òַ
ΧǧԪаΪһ㳯аӿ

·ΧԪаգգۼ䣬аڲΧһ״ߣһ鱾Χ˳ɱâơ
âɱһаԪߣ顢ײ˱
а鱾ͷŵԪ߿ֲƷԪһȣ໹Եģκγƣ˲顣
һĻ־ĲԼҪԡ
̾Ϣζ㣬ȻҸа֣
ããǿңںϣעҪΪЧǶҷ֮£аҪ군ˣ
һ̰ЦԽսԽ£κγ˳̬Ԫ£ΪаԪƬ
Լһκа߹ƽԻΪƬ
ֻʣ鱾ǰռ֮УͷԪ棬ͷƣڲռ仹а׾޴
ˣ׼ʩչӤħ̥󷨣ѹа飬Ȼпܽ飡


934 Ӱ
ͻȻ뵽һ룬ǷѩõǷѩҲܴ߷˵زҲпֲԪֶΣ
ʱ뵽һˡ
ѩ
˵һƷʡڲһжͬģԹںΪһҲû˭ǿ˭ѩʵ֮ϣôȻʩչֲԪֶΡ
㶼û׼Ժѩ͵ö
ѩֻһŮ棿
ǰлᣬ˲֮ܳΣ
Ϊ룬ʱѹУΪ㿼ǣٺ٣ǰʲôûʿŮ˶˫ޣ֮ӵƷū˲ҪѪ𣿶졢ǿʽֱӶȡŮ֮
Ŷ
ΪŮ̺֮֮ڴ֮໥ҴŮ֮ѪӵΪѪһںϣǿǴ󲹰ôŮҲֻлȨһ˻޷㡣
ߺߣ֮ǰ֪֪㣬ܷŹѩǸСƤҲݣѹа飬ʲô취
ס鱾ȥ󷽣ʩչӤħ̥ѹɣĿǰʡʽ
ã
һҧ
ͻȻøӰԵѿʼǿɱ鱾ռ䡣
žžž
аʱûжռʩչץһԪצӡɱռڵơ
𽥵ģԪȫɱ鱾ռ䡣
ಣ
鱾չƣɱɱȥս֮ʡ
֮е棬ԪȻа룬Ҳռ䡣
ûԪ񱣻ͨԪһţãϹĵ··һΧаԪѹ׷׻Ϊ˿һա
ĵ¾Ȼ˷һֱùĵ£ֻСǧһİˡ
֪ӳͨԪγɹĵ£Ȼܿа鹥ơ
ԭĵҲһԪףɲֻǿȥһְ裬ôҲǳˡ
䣡
գԪƣа鱾ȫɱһ𣬵ȻԪڽͦ
ವа鱾󷽣ʱһ鱾𿴲Ů̺޾аԪơ
ȫа鹥ƣʱ鱾󷽣ûκаԪơ
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935 컯
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936 Χɱ
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938 

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939 ħа
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940 ͷ
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ϾԵãΪ޼ڴˣʱٽ޼ڣǾŴԾŴƳִˣЩݲаħݲ޼ڣ޼˭֪ʮǰͻأڻʼ½ʱŴʼ޼޼ഫ޼Ҫõ޼޼ھͿؽȻҲһͳ޼ʿɳ½ؽһ
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û£ֻǾŴδʽһ޼ְˣǻᾡҵ޼֮ػһ޼֣ǱȻģ
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·޼Ͼ֪ΪΣĵЩ⣬硢ڰ˻һŵһһС
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硢ڰĻŲɡ
ŭ֮쳹߿գҪõҲǱԺñⷽ½㣿֪ܣʲô޼ϾΪڣԸ
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ˣ޼ħЩ˱ðˣбڶһ
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ħа̤ȼħ棬·ͿսԷ·ȼգΪٸһѡ񼸺ǽȥѰ޼Ͼξգ޼Ͼ֣Ǿ֣
Ҳ֪ѡѡ񣬶Ӱǳ󡭡
뼸Ҳڴʱ˿ס
Ǹ߿֮УһͷϢƬҲ˺ѳһƬƬɫƶ䡣
ħаﲻǴ󺣣Ҳħεָָ㣿
˶𰸣ǺǴ򣬽ڴ
ֱٴץб£ͳͳɱűǣħа޼ħ𡭡Ǳ̣ݶ̤벽
¸£ҪΪס
ݷڹħڣشһüЦ
׷ɱ޼ϾҲ͵׷ɱǣ·ɱһн
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޼ħ磬ȴδ֣Ĵͷ˲䣬ɱ޼ǿߡ
ʮ޼ͷԽͷ׷ץһƷƷһſ֡
ʮ޼ͷ
Ҫֱ뽫նɱڴˡ
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֮ͫУһӻͻȻƿգͷ⡣
Ǹ߿ƺٴα޴󻯵ı𿪣ջΪɾ
ÿһͻͻش򿪣һɹɽɫ档
֮ħε޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼ʮ޼֣ԱɫǶһ֮⡣
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ʮͷ׷ҧָһ㣬ָڵ
Ѫ
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գۼ䣬ֻһƬǿ𵴣ǽΧʱҫ˻⡣
ʮƷƷ棬â̶ʮڵھͷ֮£·һܿܽ顣


941 
棺ͷһμôɱɱȥ֮ǰúǿ󣬵벻ǿᵽ˵ز±Ȼʼ½Щˣ
ڰŲȻʼ½ڵħ䣬̳ϹԼӰ⣬мʩչʵܴﵽʵʼ½ķµħ䣡
ԶҪǿ󣬹ؼһƷںϵһ̶ȡ
ֻ˼Ҳͼ
ʱƬʮ߿գǵɱֲ𵴣ͨŵķӴܡ
ȴͻȻ󷽣бǣ˫ưոݣöܳһʱ䣬󷽾ǴϳҲһЩǿأ˵´
硢ڰæΧˣʲô뷨
ղŴұעǿǼĳԣΪϳǶв뿪ѨҪȡϳǺף
ĪҪûϳ
˼
ĿǰǶ˳ѨõⷽϳǣȻ棬Ȼɱοǣ
ǼʵҲ߷ϳΧ飬лչħߣʱٲô󣬾統Ǳ½Ըǰ㣬ֻҪܽ󷨽ɹʱмɰ뼸
˵
޼ϾԣΪЩˣܶԸռ˹нҲԵסʮ޼ͷԼǧ쾳ǿߣ
һǳЦ϶޷֮ǰҲ޷Ը㣬޷¹ħߣأ
Сٿ˭֪޼ϾȻˡ
˾һ֧㣡ڰվ
ħߣߣ
˲ƣҲûԥʱ䣬߶Ӥħ֮󣬹ħ߿ʼӷ滺ǰС
ϷԼԶһǷƹƹײʮڷϳҲڷ
ħߴʱǰȻϣϷмʿԴ
ƯڴڲȻ޼ϾֶʰǼʿɣ
Ҳ̫СƻָɣҲʰǣ޼ϾӦ߻ڷ£һӰ
˸䣬޼Ͼ󷽣·Ǽʿ߶ںϡ
ԼĪ㣬û֮С
ʿڽԶȴֳʤ뵽Ϣϳǣ
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ָڰշ˲ڼʿԣ˾ӣſڵʧȥۣɰͰ͵һ޼Ͼ
Ȼмˢӣ硢ڰʱ
ѹ֮СϹҲ
ڲмϢǼţƬԽԽá
޼Ͼڰš
СϹݴѪڵĶڣ곯ȥɿ㹻С
°ʱ֣ٶ֮ʣһĹڵعڣΧʯһɫǶβͣԷͷڡ
ڵعһͨҲһͬǣһͷʯ㡯
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һͨû𣬵ȴиӦѪͷš
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ŵعҲ벻ɱ
޷֮£ȻҲǳˣ˲ɱѪĽ
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عǰýȥŵһɹɴ̱ζʬζѪζԼ
Сսս⣬ϹţǰðѪѪأԼذ׹عûв
Ϲ飬ƴͷع⻷ڶѪֻɱˣ

ǰ֣ǻûε뺮
һɨޣǽȥʮŮѹɱˣҲбȡ
ϰԵ΢΢ѹӣһСŮȴ͸аԣϴѪǺö̫ǿζ
ѪػδҲںٶȺԺһΆʱ鵤ںϷǳɣ
˷ҾͳˣͷϷǳĬһš
öʬ壬ѪڶǺǣɵһҪˣСϹݿѪء


942 ̥
ѹѹûѡĻȻҪɱ
Ҳһһǰ벻Ѫ󱦱͵һ񣬻һݳĴ
عȻֲڣԭʼؿ߲࣬ʤĴŸֱʯⱦؿ߱Ȼʹݳޡ
Ϸ鱦һɨʱ¶ЦݣӦһ鼫ƷʯпԸȻ
ӹıȻʵۻá
ѪأûȻһᣬֻ󷽴ȳ⡣
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СЩ˴·ЩŮӼƼݣԼҲǿ־岻
ϴ󣬹ַȻǰյأûȥЩŮӡ
ŵģһ⣬ڵĶһʯ
֮ǰֻһɣּ䣬Ϊʮɡ
ڲǾʯʯֵֵʯƷƷ֮һЩĿࡣ

ǧ֣Σе̺ϵе̺⺮
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κһﶼӵʿá
һЩϵڰ޷𣬱
̲סǰʱ沢δͷűб޷ͷųŲ¡
ץһöɫҶ·һɻҶȼա
ϹСҲһ࣬Сڲֱˮǰ򵺴½˵һһ龧ʯҲϡ֮
ϹһɨлҶӣ˻ϵκʿں֮󣬽Կ޳һ㿴ҶӱۣǶһۣ֮
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ּ䣬ȽҶӷ⣬ץһųɫʵ
ֵҲ֮˵£ǳһڣҲʿղϵʿԣһţЧҲǷǳԣ
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β͸ź
ٴץһ߸˲Σͨɫصǣ涼һ
ΣԺȻͳһŮӰ
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Ϲݻһ꼫ӵкΣҲ֮ܻڣ漣ǸִϲɵʳϵͨʿźΣ޼Ҳͻһ磬һƷ
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սηŻȥͷֲԶһⱦʯţͷ⡣
ʯ˫۷Ź⣬ΪǱʯԣ̫Ϥˣɫʯ
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ɫʯ󣬳Ϊۣӵֱ仯
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ὫʯŻȥȻ󿴵һ
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̥ݣϹҲΪ֮һĿ鱦֮һҲеٮٮߣϡ䱦ݲֲɣǰߵһЩߵΪĳЩԭߵûзҲûиãö֮ΪĳЩȻ仯ȻϢںϣݡ
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СΪһ
֮Ȼ棬ֻûб෢֣㱻ʿ֣󲿷ʿҲ޷еõһЩȻܣʧԵ֣̥֮󣬾ΪǴߵ֣֮Ȼ󾭹гΪ״̬˵磬̥ҲõҪԵ
Ȼرˣʦ룬ҲܵشѰΪ̥ǲǾͳˣ
̥ӵ಻ӵȻָ֮

а޼Ϊˣ󲿷ֶˣһ̥ݣ޷ָ̥ľ߳ɰա
ֻ߳ɰգ
֮ǰǷݾϲʱԣϹһ仰Ƿݾϲ飬ָѹ
̥Ǿ֮


943 һ½Դ
ҪռƱΪʦ
ʱ뵽ԪЩΣײҪ;Ҫָǲܵ顣
аһΪһ̥Ҳ͹ˣ޼ΪΪ޼Ͼ࣬ȻҪӴָܻϹٴǿһ
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ȻһЩﲻ̺ȴ֮٣УҲ̥ݰٷ֮һ
ֻʱգֱִַһЩɫʯɫʯԿóȥҲɾӡ
ʯ̫ˣ
ϴһݴ
⣬Լ
͵ЦȻͷһ⣬һһɲСʯ
ʯֵ˲䣬ͷ羫ΧκϢ鱦ʯϢӿ
Ϲһ½Դ
ⰺԴϴϲɣ˰ɣ½Դ
ߣȷֵġܲˡ
ٺ٣ˣºúǣ½Դ
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ּ佫һɶߴ½Դ𣬸оڴ½Դ࣬Ҳϸ΢ظӦЩͬС졣
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ͬǣ֮ǰǿ½Ǳ½Ϣһ½Դ̺ɳ½Ϣ
һɳ½Ԩ屦
½ԴʲôΨС֪ʯͷ
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κһ½ԴǳĴڣκε½Դûһȣõ½Դͷԣпںϡһ½£и˿ƿɳ½Ǻǿ󣿡
𣿡
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ϹݵЩܣҲһʿԣҲһš
Ƕԣںϴ½ԴĴڣǵδ½Դɳ½
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Ϲп֪࣬߻һ֪
Ԫղ˵Σ
ĵ߰˰˰ɣǶԵģں½Դһ½ռ½Ĵ󲿷ִ½ԴδΪﵽǷ켫ָ߶ȣƷӶ֮Уû֣κҪ£Ļʵۣô½ԴӶ֮ſһͳ£
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ϹݵĻԳ硢֪ͻȻ֣ĺСȴַǳ䡣
ֵǰҪںϴ½Դſɣ½ԴںҪǿʵҲҪԵи֮һʿܵ㻯ںϴ½Դʿָ
ڴ½Դһз򡭡
̶Իһոµ֮š
ϴ󣬻кܶ෨ҲһЩһմȾаҲоܿ£
һʶع鱾
ֽ½Դڣֱ˲һ½Դһںϡ
ƱضУɱ䡣
һа鱦
潫ڣǧ汦ԼʮڵȡƯ
治٣ռı治٣
ⲻѣһˣӵеĲƸҲ̫𺳡
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еʵؽΪƷȻҲʶ֮ˣбǾƷ
ˣ
ͻأаҲӡϹҲüһ
а͸淨Ҳ޷ѹƣ̫а
潥а͸Ž⣬ԼԼӰɫ󣺡һ潣
ȷһڽ֪潣ǵҧѹа塣
ȻƯһڽ
ڽԼһߣηǳ⣬ǰ߰⡣
Ѱ棬ǷΪ潣УоѲһѽǹͷ
⸲潣棬Ҳǣ뽣֮̿ڴ̿һ죬·潣Ǵӹ̿
̫һ潣ͭ
桢Ϲȫע֮ͭһ񾭴Сͭһ̣ۿһâźˣɡ
СɣϹݡǰһתСôʱСƽʱЩֲֹһĵط


944 ֽ
СָΧаûû£ǹֽ̫аԪ·ҪУ
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תͭаϢͭΧƺͭûһ˿ͷųаƷ·û˱
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ҡҡͷҲδߣʦǺεƷʷ
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ǻ
߶Ԫּоͭ
ˣ
֮Ϊ̾ҲǺεƷʷڹֽ̫аҽЩ⣬¸ʴɣسɣ·ͭƷʡϢһ㣬ΨнЩ⾻ܵܿƷʣ
ٴʧξ⣿
Ժܼ򵥣գʯϴ裬ὥΪʣָݡ
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ƹ̼򵥣ڹֽϵ⣬Ҷ޷ȻγʮϣһԶŷƻֹʮ꣬£δʴ飬˵ֽƷжྪˣκη޷ڹֽᲢۣ
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ֻ֪ͨһûȥҲŰ֮꣬ǰЩŮ̽ԱɱǱĥ꣬Ҳͬ³
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ѯһúŮ£ع
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˵־ھ㣡䱣״̬ϹǷʣԶҲʧġ
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˾ʹӵضԾ޼Ͼ硢ڰǰ


945 
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һһЦ⣬ֵһʣȥһӦϳΧϾԺĻǹؼ
ಣ
ִ棬ת˲ʧڶڡ
ڣΧδܵκ𵴣ȫҲ벻ϳͳΪ֮
үүģġ
عڣζʵ˵θڰҲ̲סǼ⡣
ϴ󣡡
һܵȻǷϳǰ˷һͨһηݣǷǴܵƵ󷽣ܷͻϮ
ȥӦصϳǣֻɱһʱңʵ޷죬ֻܴһܵߣ
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Сӣ½ԴϷҲ޷ǿһ㾫ҪΪۣ
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һɨ˷ʯʯֿʼظ׷׻Ϊֻ̬ʯػŴ½Դ
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ȸǴ½ԴָΧ˷š
һԪԺȻ𣺡ϴʮֶͷģ˫˭Ҳ׷ᶷȥ
úöǣ
棬Ȼġ
ٴ߶Ԫ뺮硢ڰСϵҲڰֲܵ
ԶԶ
ϹݰҪǽܵЩ뱦ʯⷽԴںϣͨ
գڵ繹һţõϹѣδһʱԴ߶½Դ
ǿʼִץٷͨӡ֮һΪһ㣬һ˿ʼ½ԴΪŽںϣһ˲ϳָͻͻͻʯ֮С
ֻᴩ͸ز㣬ȥ֮ܵУķںϣγɵŽ硣
޼磬üӿԸǧʿҲδ˸ӡ
ڶרĵ󷨡
뵱껯Ҫ޼ڣ޼ΪԴ޼Ϊۣſɿһ򣬻ɱǧʿ
ʱɳ½ȴûһƣһӻչȵѰٱ
Լֵ֮ͨڰֲܵ´ʯʯԼķܵںһڵγ硣


946 
Ȼδﵽ״̬ٿɿʼ󷨣Ƭϳ·أԱƿء
ߣͿܼԦ½Դ
ҪҲ£ۣҲǴ߷½Դ
޼Ͼٶȷ°ͣżڨЦ
ڸǴ½Դ֮⣬ΧѾһʯؿ߼ֱһر
ϹȻڽӡԵ÷ǳݡ񾲣Īż½Դȷ޼ͷҲԴ߶һ֣ܼԦ½ԴߣһǷ֮Уİ
һһ񡭡ƳһϹݣ޼Ͼ󣬼Ϊмȴһݾ棺֮ǰδע⵽ϹݵŮӣһ쾳ʿھȻΪĪҲ޼ȻһطΪ
½Դ
ȫעŽ磬ʵ֮ǰӵõ½ԴһЩԣ΢
˵
߶޼Լں𣬻Ϊһȼ촩磬ڴ½Դϡ
ȼ£½Դʣ˲仯
ﲻֺ˲գȻʵ޷
޼ϾЦţܿһ˿˿⻪Ǵ羫Ӵ½Դһ˿˿͸
˿˿Χ翪ʼںϣ벻ɲǣΧʼӿ⣬ǰ˴Ҳӿâ
ټʯһӱâ˸ƣһâ˸
Ȼܴ߶½Դһ˿˿컯漣Ҳ
޼Ͼٴη·ܵţȴ㬶Цܴ߶һ˿˿½ԴǿֻܸպԴܵ磿̫룡
Ϲֹͣӡ棬һɨΧâʯ֮еʼܵӰ죬һЩӿ
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ףȥܵԼΧ߶󷨣
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֮޼Ͼģ㡢ס֣
һľɱ񣺡֪ãҪɱ㲻Ѵ֮С̣ˣҲҪһʱԪ񣡡
֪ˣ֪ˣϾġ
ְ˼һˣ߶ǿ޼Լ
Ҳ컯Ϊ쾳ҲǣҪ߶Ȼף޼ϾͬķҾ޼Ԧ󷨣
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һƳȻܵڲ޼ٿ½Դ߶½Դֻͷһ˿˿ɳ½½Դ߶Խ󷨾ոƬؾȻڷϳ۰Ӷ󷨣
Ȼһ˲䣬޷߶½Դ
½Դǵؼһ֣ⷽϳǷ棬иָ޷ۼһ޷硣
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ֻһ컯ʿŽ޼ʵҲԺ½Դ
ôһ鱦ʯ޼Ͼ޷
ѣ
ˡ
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Сǧ
½Դ޼޷Ĵڣ
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ȻһЩֶΣǿ߽󷨣԰֮С½ԴҲǿеġ
Ȼһɾ޴Ĵ½ԴǵŴκһ޷Ĵڡ
ʵ߶½Դһ˿˿档
СǧŹ־һ㣬ûκͨ޷ȴӵмӳܣҿԴ߶Сǧӳڴ½Դ֮ϣǿͷںϣһ޼Ͼ޼󷨣
кܿϸ뷨
һ޼Ͼͷ޼£濪ʼʩչСǧ
ͨԪŵĹĵ£ɲǼתʼ

ȫѪѪѪ𻢽һ˲䱬֮ǰ״̬屶Ҫȡ
оԼִƮ״ִ̬һֺʵ״̬
СǧķͨԪΧһš
Ӵ½ԴȻ󷢳һԪ׼ãҪ󷨣ʱһ߶˷š
ǣ
һǿߴӵԨӦ


947 ֹ
޼ϾһˬСӻЩǰװ˷
Сǧᣡ
濴޶ԣһʯ
䣬ͻȻػӶ˫ۣ͵֮УȻָһ㣬һڴ½Դ
½Դ΢΢һ𣬿ҲͱӰ졣
ߣ޼޷£֮һĻ޼ϾﳩЦ
һ
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⡢⡭ҵΪαڤڤ֮У·޷ƿأͻȻ޼Ͼԡ
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Ҳ޼Ͼ䣬͵͵һЦǺǣ벻֮ǰǿƿ޼Ͼܿƽ磬һͬ߶Сǧ֮߶Сǧ֮޼ϾȻȻҵ֮ںϣĪСǧҲڤڤ֮Уںϣ
ϾԼܿӿ磬棬ֺСӣ㡢Ǻεȹ
ҿɲǹֻһ컯ΪҲֻһһ޼ʿ޼ʿһһɳ½㣬ٽ޼ڣ
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Լڷϳǵ磬뼸ɢ޹棬޼ϾҲĸԸ㸩Ϊˣ
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ԼǾɣҲҪԼ֧ⷽ磡
޼ϾﳰЦ
ȴǺ֣Ŀ⻹Ƕ飬׳־ģɺ顣


Ͼٶһԣ͸ǿ߸еƣҲӿ
ˣ
½ԴڴͷŹؾҪ֪ɳ½£γɵĴ½
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ᣡ
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ˣ
˲·ȼգһӽ糯˷ȥ
硢ڰϹݡС׷״˵һܵз󷨶ͷţز͸ȥγ״̬
羪ϲϴǳɹˣֻҪȥϷر᲻ٷ·ںϱɣɳɣ
ǲżǹΪףڶԽǼ̣ҲԽǿôʯںȥ
żҼ߶һܵ󷨡
ڴģСǧɸҴ컯ƿش½Դ۾
ӡ϶麹һ㸲һ㡣
ϢҲ΢΢ң磬ҴʱΧЩţʯʯҲʼںϣͷ󷨴
ϳ֮°أʱϱͨ͸ϳϷδ磬޷оϳк쳣
ݶϴһЩɢ޾ͷҲΧ֣
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ⷽϳǿɳ½󲿷ʿ֪Ĵڣػ󶯾Ĵ⣬½иɢޣҲǿߣȻ֡
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ֵǸɢ޾ͷ賤ҲˣԶв
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ִ߶СǧִڿȥʱзԴںϣ˲磬Ƿϳǣ
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Ǳڵһܵĸ֣׷׷


948 ֵòѪ
ħߣǱڷϳǱԵͷһԪ
֮⣬ڷڵĹħߣɲǼ״̬ĵӣڷ֮Χ
ּ죬漸ѣϾͷ޼Ҫķӳ֣
ߣԼǵ㱾£ڴţƤµţ챻㴵̵ôߺߣҲˣ
Ϊˬ䣬޼Ͼûѡ񣬽޼ش߷
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ͨ۾ֿԶʮ⣬߿ȻǽĽڴ
Ȼͬǣֶɳ޼֣ʮͷ߶Χɱ
ѹпܶԸ޷ѹƷɴ߶ʱɱһͽλ޼ͷ
˫÷ϳ֮⣬ŶʮأǸַ籩ݺᣬЩٴαΪƽء
˴󶯾ȷһЩɢǿԶۿ
ϧ̫Զֻ΢΢ӦһϢ޷Ǻˡ
ˣԷֱݣ˶δ֪ǿߡ
ʵίʵǿ£Ҳδʮ£Ӵ޷󣡡
˶ΪǷĶǡ
һյ֮еĴȷʵһͳһأʵ巽ʵ֮ǰ˭뵽ǿ
Ǵ˻н𣬱ɻûСͷŸֹƣǿ߶£Կʮͽλ
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Сǧͷ״̬£޼Ͼμӳڽ磬Ǹʹ絶ʡ
Сǧ
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ٸӦ˲󣬴ʧʧ
߶Сǧʧ롣
Źίʵ棬꣬ȻҲδ˹ֻϧĵȷˣѰʿʮ䣬һˣ߶СǧһӣȫԻữһ˿ʣ
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˵󣬿һڲ޼ʿɣΪ޼ϾСǧӳ֣Դ͵ǳ޼Ͼ֣֮ӵ޼ͷ󷨸߶Ҳ޼
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һ죬Եá
ϧټȥҲҪСǧһա
Դˣдʯʯͷ½ԴҲںϣڤڤ֮Ƭ֮ӳ֣Ͼߣ
˫һ֣Сǧʧ
һɲǼ䣬޼Ͼ󲡳Ҳָâ
ͨԪϹĵҲָ糣δͷһ˿Ϣ
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ԴѽɹҪľƬʮ嫷ϳǣʱʱ·Դںϡ
ҲЩģһЩѪɫ·ضĶ
ʩչѪħһѪԽԽãһҪ棬ѪҲǼʱ
ѪѪ
Ϊǿ
ëѪ࣬ԴǿԼ
Ѫؿ½ʱ⣬Ȼˡ
ʦ⣡ץסһЩѪֹͣӡ߶ѪԼ𣬿ʼѪ
ֻһ汦Ȼ¯һǵͽλ汦ںѪ⵹

Ƿ֮зǳĴڣʦл¯ʦеҲһЩҩʦϡٵҩ
καƷʶߣҲҲ޼ΪγΪ޼ھԭ
Ѫ֮У֮£һЩ쾳ҩУִ߶طʼҩںϡ
Ӿˣ
δκεֱץһƬҺȼջ档
ں϶ɣһҽҺ壬˻һ֣˭Ϊ֮һ
޼ϾȻˣ̶ȣҲﲻ˸߶ȡ
һЩ鵤֮УѪҲ
ҫƻš
죬ʮ̺ѪĶ쾳Ѫɹں϶ɣƽˣҲٲˡ
޼Ͼһţ̣Ѫζ޼ΪһźҲ泩ˣ㻹ƣ
ȷǺöһڰͷų̣Ӵʱʱһɷ졣
ѪȻǺö߽鵤Ѫؾ߽ϣɾ͵Ϊĵҩ֮һ


949 ת
ٶһЩ𡢶Ѫգ֮£ƳѪҩҲһЩ
Ѫ˴ҩȫͷţһĲʱ״̬Խ£ķҲԽԽࡣ
ܳԵĻ桢Ѫһھ̵ˣҲ̾Ϊֹһţ˾ͻᷴɣȫ
츳Զ޷ӵеġ
ԽԽ࣬ϹȻɳδһ˿˿
ͻᱻӦ
棬СӦ·ܵ꣬ȻһƿػΪһγһȻû֮С
һֲܵϹʵǿҲ֪ж䣬ƷٶȣҪһֹ
·ʱܣ£֮󣬲Ž󲿷ֲַһܵϷ
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Щɷ֣Ǳ½ʱõһЩ½ԴƬЩһ½ԴΪ㣬Ҳܽ½Դ΢΢߶һЩرԭ
Ϲֵ½Դ޼ϾҲ֪һǿ߶ԣ½ԴκεҪԺˣҶǳаδ̤޼ܹƿѹκ޼ʿף컯㣬ӵж쾳ʵȻ½Դкܴϵ
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Ǭ޼ڡ޼ҲǳǿӲ
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ıʱΪ֮ŭգ̰ЩӣȸҷֱϰʿҪƿһǧӣǵڱУŷǽ
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ʲôħε޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼ڡоһȺں֮ڣϹݺü


950 Ϸˣ
Ҳ֮Աǣµ⵱룬ԼҲϧЩͷǰ׻ˣΪҲħаõӳ˭֪ĴҲĺԺһҪѹ
ЩӲԸط
һΪͷţȥ󻯽⣡հ
ҿƻֶΣգĴ㣬ҲԼжˣ󣡡
ԦħߣĳϳǱ롣

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ಣ
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
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Цĸ֣ħε޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼ͲüƻȹȻ֣ԣȻ뿪ϳΪĸֶ֣ͨǱϳŴع֮в´󣬶ͷǣ㣬Ϊȡʱ䣬ϳ̡
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òɿ𣺡аعЩͷʱҲһҶˣ
ȻˣϼѪ˿״̬
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ħε޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼ڣⱲûûˣ
ҲֻˣˣƤӹʮ޼ҲԶԸԶԸԸңѰͷ֮вú壬б£Ǿɱɣ
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951 ͷĿ
ӡɱһ˲ɱײһ
޼Ͼ޼ͷɱò£鲻١
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붾֮УƤǶߣҲһѪڣɼǣȻŭǰζߣħߣ㡢Ȼɱ뱾̣
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޳࣡һʱ֪룬Ǽɵйħֿ顣
縲ǵķϳΧ
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ͷǿߣƯΧ߿յȴţҲ·粽С
֪ڲʲôͻȻĽ磬ͷҲ׶֡
ӣŵֹͣ
䣡
ʱ˿̣һ½⣬ɱһӡ

Ǿ綾ڸʴһһԲͣɲǼ߶
ħаһħɷǲ̸úһǧˣǽȥԸ޼Ͼ
³һĭҲôһͷ޳ܣǳҾȻ˽ȥϳռұнһ󣡡
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ʱֵͷˣ㿴ңҿ㣬ǻɷ
޼ŭĴͷ֮У˭Ȼ˺ֶΣһϷȻ˽Զ
û뵽ͷʱ˿̣໥¼ɣԷѡ
޼ħҲǳʹޣ˭֮ǰ˵ãֶԸ޼ϾҴӱһ
ʵħаǲ㣿һͷؿħа
һϷȻƤ񣬱̾磬ϷˣԴӸƴˣ
ͻͻͻ
ͷûὫŪף໥֮ʣ޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼Ĵͷ˿̷·ΪħаڱˣֶΡ
Ҳ޷侲һӶȥ
ȻΪɺȻ֮һź򿪣һɹɽɫɱͷԼǴĴǿߡ
ڣ
һѽ󣬳飬ⲿ縲ǣò
ɱľü͵Ц
䣬벻һ˫뿪磬ʹɱ
Ҳ벻ᶯҡǷĿɳ
Ĵʼųħε
ң֮ǰҲû뵽㣬ӦңܽǰΣ⣬˫ײͣսܣͷṥ磬ɱӦûиı䴦ֻһЩʱ䣡
޼ϾҲͬȻ֣Ҳɱһǻɱ׷Ź࣡
޲磬׼ãǹϳǣһһǽʱͨӣٽֿ޼Ͼ
Ͼٷǰ
ڲͷԳֹ֣ǿֲ
һ⣬ԼΧڲӸǡ
类ڲ޲Ҳע⡣
ħаͷħ赲֮࣬ȵǲűҲգȻҪֻɱ޼ϾϼһﴭϢĻδⷽ½вĴħε
޼ħԪӿȥãסɱ磬˭ɱ⣬޼ϾҪˣҪʬ
𺳻ӦͷˣЩ쾳컯ӣʼ롣
ǳ׳ۣӿ˳Խ
ڣ
桢޼Ͼڽǰڨڨʣ赲ʮ޼ͷԼ
ⷽҪս˭֣㾡ʩչ֣סЩ޼ͷû޼ǣҶԽһȺնɱ
һ˶Ըʮ޼ͷȻһ䵽ΪҲΪ
ħ߻Ըǣ֮һޣŶֹ޼ͷĪžͷˣ
Ͼ£
ҲԼһʵԼ޷ڷ㣬һԸɣ
ƶЦݣˡ
ܿħΪε桢Ҳͷ
桢һҪԸ޼ͷ£еֻϴģǲЩ޼ͷ˳ɱһЩͷˣ
Ƿɱ˱ǣ
޼Ͼħߡ桢ڸ߿գɭɭϳǡ
֮ǰڰգ硢ڰϹݡС


952 ʿ
СصعЩܣһסԴС䡣
Сģ
Сʵض
ٿˣǰ޼Ͼޡħ߶Ըʮ޼ͷʣˣ˶Ըһ̿ʼĵһһɱһˣһ
ףһڰɱȵ
ಣ
˷ֱȥ׼ɱ
棡
Ϸ˲ӡ֮ǷҪ첻סҵ˫ۣҪز赲ҵĲ죬أѲǸϼɽꡣ
һѪ˸
˫ֺʮ˲䣬Ƥ֮оȻɳһѪƬ
Ѫ
ѪȥԶ磬ǳǰӿȥܿһѪͻΪ̬
ý磬ǽκ壬һʣԱѪɣ
Ըˣ
Ҫڷϳǽ磬Ҫ㣬Ȼһ̸ֽҲһǻѪ
ҪʩչֶΣԸǿС

ѪƤٶ࣬ҹɵѪ
ѪͬǣѪһִ֮⣬һŽɫâ
Ѫ
Ѫ
ѪأֳʱѹȶĽ緽ȥ
ˣ

ƾǼ컯޵У죬Ѫ쾳޼ܴﵽĸ߶ȣκһǣѪʵ졣
䣡
ͻȻһ빥ơ

Ŀһ裬˫ü罣޼Ͼ޲Զ߿ա
ǰһ类һӣʱֽӡһ֮ڽطʼ죬γɴ顣
ɣͳͳɣ
ƽ磬ʿǿ󣬽󲿷飬ô޷ơ
Ǿý飬Ͳη磬鴦ֱɱ

һ޼Ӱٴ֮зڲռ䡣
ʮ޼ͷֳֵƯڲ߿ա
Ѱ޼ϾԼ鿴ڲһ̣޼ϾͻȻһģ˭ɱϾһʰһ
תǱߡ
޼ϾˣٲǸϾͷɱʮ޼ͷĿ
޼Ͼ
϶ϷǸ˲šڲԶ棬һĻ޼Ͼ࿴

ӣҲڽȿֺɱʼˣܿǧˡ
¡
޼ϾȥһȻһаӰͻأشӸ߿һԾɱԪ档
Ƕʮ޼ͷħ͵Ϯ

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沢δ֣ˣΧаϢӰ
Ǽ桢ҲʼҲڶ֡
ʮκ󣬴ɱ磬Ҳ׼޼ͷԸ޼Ͼ
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ʿΧϷ֮УнڣͻȻѪɫѩ
ѪɫѩƯ£Щʿ֪ǺεʱѩʱΪȼͻʱһȺͻϮˣ׷ɱ߿ա
䣡

𵴶潫ʿ˲ûеʿ̼˺顣
һЩ쾳ִ߶汦Ӧǻ𻢣̫ЩҲ֪Ǻá
ʿɱ𺣣Ź𻢡Ȼ𻢡Ƭһγȼջ𺣣ӿ¡
䣡
һѪɫħ߶ʮ쾳ǿߡ
ɱˣ
һֻڰҲ߶ڻ£ɱòһֲ

ƾףǻ𻢡Ϸ·̤ʿ
ȻһƣɱһƬֲԪƻΪâ·ʿѹȥ
أ
ϰʿδκιƣǰͻȻһڣһԪǿгԺؿռ䡣
Ƕ޷һӣգ۷׷ѪԪ飬һͷԵ
Щʿǰ޸֮
ƷԪɱ治Ԫ񣬴Ӱ֮ⱬɱ籩ʿӿԺ硣
ڲκη˲ϢڲԪҲ޷ֹǿԪ˳
ֻգ۹ˣԪǿԪ飬ʿͨԪ񣬽ʩչƣѻΪƬҷ
һĻ硢ڰΧ֤ý澪Ϊˣ¸£
ֲڶϢϰʿ䣬лж쾳ǿߡ
ѪԪƬԼδж飬߶ѪɱС
Ԫ
ٴδ߶Ҳɱ֮ڣΧʿһץǴɫ⣬ɻ̸Χʿ


953 ͨ
˷𻢡ɱ㱻飬ڤڤ֮γȼջ𺣣ʿֻܷڷϳǸ߿֡
һƣڲͬ߿ɱӣⷽÿԸһЩ쾳ⲻ
ֻǼսʵ𻢡Ѫǧǿηη־屻ջΪ

üڵʱɱƸ߿գϤִŹƣҲһЩ棬ɱƹƹңĲ
ɱ޼Ͼ
һ޼ͷʩչͣ˸ּ޼ϾõӰƣơ
ֲϾӰȴ𵴣ȺˣϾҪｨǿٳðװϾΪߣ·һ
ǰ㣬ΪΪǸߣʵǿ̫࣬ǲҵ㣡
ʮӶʮ϶Ŵ׷ɱں㲻ɣ
ٳܷŹ㣡
Щ޼ͷΧԾƵδɵ޼ϾȻ֪Ͼˣѩܵʱ
ǰǾͷھǹ󣬹ֵǣɱˣǾͿԻȥ
޼ǿ߹Ȼ޼Ͼɱ
žž
ɱֶڲ
޼ϾգǷܵ𵴣Ѫδˣͽʰɾ
Ͼھ͸ҼңӲŲΪСӸ
ϼһΧɱʱæںΪڻȷǿκβ
⣡
СΪܴ߶Ʒģһ˫ۼʧȥоô
޼ͷʱԻΪε档
ɲʩչƷ֣ȥŭĿӣȴ¶Цݣ֮ǰ˵Ҫʰүɣүʰǣ
Сƨëûɣ

ڵ̵žͷƻӶɱƶ
ƣһԾɱй֣ɱڵϷ
Ǽ޼һ䣬κβСүּһԾһ˸߿ա
ɣ
Ȼ䣡
һӰźҲ޼ͷ׷ɱ

֮ǻΪСŮĺ߶һƷ֮ٶȾͿ죬亮ռ䡣
׷ɱ޼ͷͬ޹һ㣬ȥǿֻʵں󷽸š
ߺߣ
ٶ̫죬˸䣬Ǻʩչɱһλ֮ڡ
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˷ıǣһ޼ͷȥƻĺ£
桢ɪɪЦȿϴɱһЩӣʱǾʬʵ
ôٲǣԪʧһ㡣
Լһ⣡
Ȼʮ޼ͷΧһ޴Ӱ
ӰӴͷаϢԼǱֲӤħƵħߡ
ʮ˴߶ɱͨڰ⼸Χħߡ
ʱΧɱ޼ϾҲù
һڿڵɱħΧҲɱϣ̫̣ʱʱ̿䶾ʮֹҲԴﵽǿ״̬
ħжٶҲǳˣβһδɱĵӲӲǾ̶ȡ
µǣħаԪƣʱʱ϶ͷųһа籩
ʮԪҲҲǷǳǿһոշֹħʩչԪƣŵֻܺˡ
˭ʩչԪ񽻷棿
޼ϾǿʢʱڣԹħҲֻ˱ᡣ
סʮ֣޼Ҳ޼ϾסǿսԱһ
ħԺ֮УаԪռڣһ泤һģһӤħ·һħͷͷħΧʮ֡
ʵӤħ汾ںϣͬԶƹħߡ
ħסʮ޼ͷϾħѳʬ㱻ͨҲû󰭣ڲа顣
޼ͷ޷֣ͨһɱ⣬ߣ
˼ʣ
ܻո߿գΧһ𻢻Хɱһӡ
ƯϷһԪ֮󣬷·һ˲ɱӰӡ
Ƭ̼䣬·Χһٶӣ׷ԪܣΪ˿׹档


954 ¹
ʬҲвˣǧߡʱʱ̿ͷԪټںϣƿؽκν䶯ģҪʱǾѪʬ֮ǰɵԪѪĻҼܵõ䣬ܱǿս״̬
ҪĲɱˣƿش֡
ͷųѪѪ֮Ҫ࣬ѪӿȥЩʬ
һЩ۵ʿɱȴδףԪ飬Ϊʬ塣
ϳǽ֮⣡
֮һգ޴ӰͷŽ⣬ڵ£ǿݺᡣ
ԭħа޼ħͷ֣߶ھ֮ϣΧ
磬ͷǰϴ߶Ԧ벻û
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һȺұ˫һʱ䣬˭Ҳκ˭ǿŭҲ޷ѹͷ
˭ıǹǹϵ޼ħ𱬷ƵĳХ
ԩǣЩˣ֪̥ݣԼ½ԴȵȱѵҲƭ˵ģӦҲ֪ӵһ½ԴղҲеȡ𣿱ض֮еһˣűע⣬ұùҲͣ
ףͷɱһԴ߶
ٿͷʩչķȻҲĵһͷȻʵǿֶβ

һͷ߶£ǿɱý𵴣飬Ȼһ֮һȻƱ
˫ɱѽѷ֣¶ʱԷֳ
Ƭյأʮ⣬״̬УΧɢ񱼣ԶܸӦ⴦ơ
ԼĪʮһɽͷһʧȥұ۵ӣֳֽۣ֮˫ͫϳǷܿʱʱлⱬ
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ҲϢ򣬴ʱһɽɽԶɽ֮УӰ֡
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ŴȻʱʱ̿ɳǿߣɳ½һһ޼籩»ǰؾһȷѪ꣡賤ǰɽ룬֮Ӱ֡
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һŮ½ţ֮е֮Ů¹
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ֶΣ֮ԶܴϲôϢ
֣ίʵ֣ƺǲвŮ֮ҲŮһЩԪϢҶʤԺԹĪǾ뿪֮󣬶̶ǧڣ˴ż֮УϹ֮
פãһͷˮ
֮⡣
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ֱʱһӰƿȻһһӰվڰ¹ںһ塣
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ȭոץ޼֮ɢޣ֪ⷽħε޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼ͷΪףɱĿΪһ޼Ͼľͷ
ħа޼ħȾͷҲ£޼ϾҲһˣЩ޼֮ǰ޼໥ɱǶ֡
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Ŵ֣ƽ帣ض޼ϾȻûڽǰ£ʵмֶΣҿһǰո߲еɳ½ҲĪУɱȥʤݣ棬ҶʤݾУʱٴµʱ򡣡


955 ʤƵ
Ͱʦ˼ʱͷʦ֣ڶʤΪʦöӦ¾Ŵٴ½ȻԶʤΪ𣡡
ʥأȻǹͣ
֮УǰʱҲڽ
ڼ֮¹Ŀ⣬ͬʱᡣ
Īǡ
֮⣬賤⵹һں
ºֶΣڰһǽδ֣
벻¹ǧ׸߿Ҳⷽ߿ա
ֵſ³һ
ɢޣǾŴϹϵΪ賤תܾȻȥ

գۼӰʯһһԽնڼ賤һ߿ա
ĿԶԣ賤һɨˣȻͷһأֻһɢޣϣλĪҪƣ
֮ӣȻԾҶʤǿߣ
賤Ӧԣʤǰ嫣Ʒһʥأٹ£Զʤֻ֧ĩҶĹҲʿһ½㣬ֻһˣ㲻Ժʿ
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û˶ԼһЩ츳㲻
ϣλĪپɢһ𣬲Ƿǣǣ
һ仰賤һʧӡ
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һʵ죬幦񣬶Ҷʤһ㹦ڶʤ˽幦Ǽ塢ͷԺйӦôͷֻݣ֮Ż
ʤݱǵһ½ʷƾãǿ߼üãҲ޼ڹ֣˿ѲΪԺá¹΢
ȷֻҪ޼ճϹϵݲþŴִ˴ڣ벻ɳ½һԶʤݵľͷʧȥұۣһʵλھͷ߶ȣԺҪ֪˵ϸ
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ҶԵȷ֪Ҳͬе㲻֪ߵغ񣬵ʱʱ̣̿ӵԪ񾫻УǲǾһǧ
꣬óϵǵóϣСᣬʵӵ˾
˵ˣϾ˵˰һ֮䣬Լú룬ģδԳԽ޼˿ģԶ⸱³
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񡭡޼Ͼ׳֮󣬾һǰߣɱɱȥ

лϴ󣡡
桢Ҳͬʱõһֱûֲ
硢ڰҲõӳ֣ڽɱ֮Уһʱܵõɾ䡣
ΨϹݲδһδγ֣оɱϰʿһϾͷһ
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һ
²˵硢ڰҲ˿Ĵ
˭Լĵʴȣ
󷨼ӳ֣ѪϴʬԼƬϳ֮ǿϢͨϷܣΪӳڴڡ
ÿһʱ䣬ǿ֮£дϷͶÿ˼õɱǿС
ʩչɱԪƣһʿ£ͷԪС·ԴΣ


956 ɱ
СԺлӦԴû⣬ǴҴ߶Խ½Դ̫£Щ޷߶һ˿һϢ
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⡭
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ǴŲ߶潣Ҫ¡

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Щ˻ߣǸߺҲ͵ڶϢ֮ΧԪƬһԵ׹档

֮ǰƬռ仹ˡ
ʮȻֻʮ˻֮ܿѪһſƯš
治ǲ֫壬һ߾𣬷·˯һʬ塣
汾Ҫɱʮˣȴڰһͣ

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ţͳͳʩչӤħ̥󷨣ԪħӡǣһɽһɣЩüġ
ͽͽһͬɱ
Ǳ֣ʮ˹³Ƿ׳ٿ潣
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ٿ潣һƬٲʮɱ
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һǸöҺܼѪǣ̫ĿģҲ޷ܵʬζŻ
ͣ
ȳ֣ĿϷƯ档
Ѫ˫ֳϷץȥץɴԪִŶ˹⻪
оƷԪҲԪץסһЩѷ죬ٶ浱

һɹɳ˫ͫҲΪɫ
ҲŽ⣬ɲ綾ԼһЩ͸аԪɱһ
󲿷аƽԱƷѹƣڻ֮УԪ񡢾綾׷յûΪ˿
أ
һ̣߾ȻһԾѪðŶҺĹצԪϡ
ץð棬ǿƣδƷץ飬Ҳ΢΢һЩ
ȷǹħ߻һ֣ܺһ٣ҿǾƷԪ
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ԷһУҪС
Ըǿ飬Ψһǲʬ
ȽͨʬڣרŶԸߣ
˺һЩͷ֮·ʬһӰ֮С
ʱʣߣڽ֮⣬ʬӿߣôʱʬԽԽ࣬ҲԶԸ
ɭɭĵϴ׼ˣѹа壬ɱԪ麣󣡡
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а黹ʩչֲˣ޷ɱѹơ
߼ͬ찡ʿԣ̫Ҫûҿɳ½㶼⣡֮ʣȻ߹ƣ𼸷ּɵ
ʩչͨǿ飬ʩչͨƾƷҲѹơ
Ϊ֮֮ǰʶ󲿷ּԻʧ֮󣬾ʩչͨ
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ħߡҲ
ɱ
Χâͻͻɱ״ΧԪҲ֮ߡ
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Ȼ߻޷ץ֮ǵѹΧ飬ԪҲΪƬ
һƣʬҲ޷ԵӰ죬壬ֻȻ綾
أ
ʱ˿̣ǿȻ£ҲԷ·廨˫֡˫Žֻ΢΢
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ݣ
ȥ׼ɱԷԺٴԪ鱾ɱ
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ߵ˫ͫȻһЩӡٿȻ֮ͫУһ׵磬Ϊγɣ¶ͻأɱ


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Ԫ϶´ǹǻ𸣵£ǿһŵ
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ԾԽ뿪
ǰ֮ǰ޷ȴһ̿ʼݣ顣

Ʒ޼᲻ݰ

£ˣ˫ֺʮںϣ˴ü֮֮дԽȥ
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ͨԪΧԵаգŸո麣ƺҪճ˿
ƷԵڴʱһ࣬а麣溣Ҳ޷Ԫû
аһЩϵϢͷţö඼ǽԣԪΪаԪٷ֮һ
аҪǿٱ
аԪȼգһЩ彣˿˿ϵϢ˸һƬƬϡϵƯ
廹ܻΪֲǵ壬ʱԪ񣬿ѾΪ˿
𣺡ˣиϵ飬ȥϵ
Ѫ⣬Ѫ⣡
ʱǰаȼģħа鼸ƵһԪռ֮УԪ
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ݣ
鹥ҲɲǱ
սǽᣬȻаǰҪͨΪƣ߶ҲӦ֣аΪɰǧ
һаȼɱ


964 һ޷ӡ
ƣ𺳣δа涼޷ԸǣΣ
Ϣ䣬һƬǧԪаƣɱǰ
ݣ
һâ޹⣬Χ
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޼ժԪƣҲޱȰԵ
ǰ쾭Ϊڻʼ½棬ع˼ʩչ޼ͨ
޼ժһоžŰʮһ·ַ̺ž֮䣬Ǳ½޼ڣֻһֲȱַͨ޼ں֮󣬸Ϊķա
Ϊɱ޼ժ֣֪
أ
ԪԪӡƺƴɱһ𣬴ʱǰγ鳡
ǾƷΪҪӡԪа顣
аڶԪɱȻǧףɱƬƣΧԪʧһЩ
аҲ޾ɱ˿ֲԪƣҲҪĴԪ
ߺߣԲҶ֣ȻǸԵںڶɱаơ
֮ͷҫâӡ֮󣬻ΪһƬһƬľӡ
ƽϹɱһ֮аٴαɱ飬ӡȥƻΧȼ档
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Ԫ㵣Ҳ󲿷ֻͷδκһˣܽˣжͨĸ߶ȣͷѪѪףѪ壬ҲԹ
ҵѪѪкܴϵ
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ѪѪɫѩٵƯ鱾ռϷ
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Ѫգ˷ܿȻǿ鱾Աȹħһ
ħа޼ħͷҲܶԸǿ顣
Ҳ⣬ˣǺ֮Уõ󷨱ſԽͷϡ
أ
Ѫչƣ鱾ǱмţȻǰͣϧƻǰװױѪա
鱾һԱѪڣԺǵء޵ķӡҲһΪ˿һֻֻѪɡ
£
ֵһ죬Ѫȫѹ鱾аԪʧһ룬ʱѹ
Ӥħֲ
׼õ棬ץħһԪ壬Ҳһ߸ߣһǿжԺ
ͣ
Ӥħɱ鱾ԺԪͬɱ


965 Ժ֮ƿ
鱾䱻ѹƣҪɱڲȻҪǿ
ھƷ̫ǿ鱾޷һ֣Ӥħɱħ档
䣡
ӤħǼɱ룬֮ħӡǣ鱾η޷ɡ
ǿӡǷ·ҲӤħɢֺڰ̡ӡ鱾
Ӥħ·Ǻڰ磬𽥵ش͸鱾
ԪҪ죬ˣѹţԻع鱾Ϣ񣡡
ҲգҾͳȥϢ죬ҲûռЩǵþϻطϳǣӤħȻȻ鱾
㹻ˣһص塣

ҲɿѪ
ˣ
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ȻɵߣȻһаϢҲʧһ˿в
ǳȥռЩʬ轻֣ٶȿɲʲôƣ
ѪոɣںϣĻϢ
޷ɳ磬Χʬڹ磬ǵơ
غϢԽЩʬȻܿʬԻ𸣵ء
ݣ
֮󣬷֮Ÿ潣˷ֿռһҲΧʬ
з֣ʾ߿ԨǰаˣһɺϢ΢΢ͷţ
ǺǣǹȥԼ㣬Χзռһգ޸߶ƾף쳯ȥ
ƾ̫棡
а̺аʴȴƾεһ֮⡣
Ȼǵǹ룬ˮ𲻾壡
ƷίʵԵ˱ף飬ֻҪǿԪƣʲô綾Բõġ
·Ȼʬڻƣһʬ
Ƭɳ½Χж飿жħߡּ
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˼һᣬŽָȻС֪ƿ
ں֪꣬˺٣ԺǿߣǱȻ֪ƿϾ̫ϳϣ꣬ȻԺλһഫ
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Լ߳ȺѰ·ĳɫʴɣȻֵǣȻڶԿƾϢ
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κһӵĵǵҲֻоǿ߲ʸӵС
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пպ۵ڶµƷϵһ¼ڿպ۵ǷѩоһڵڵƷƷڸ߼šаҲòһƷ򶫹Žɹһ


966 պ۵
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ԭǿռ
ڵഫţſƾڵɱƵκν磬ֻҪһУӿʩչռдһ㣬ƾڽʿ뿪Ʒ磬ȥǺӡ
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ģ˿ɽ˽׳Ʒ磬Ǵţѩ޷֤ʵڽʧڶʤԺ벻ԭԲɳ½˵õ

ſպ۵ڵȻƷʲ޼ռȴ޼Ტ۵ġ
ˣһֱŹڶʤഫţǶʤǾ졮ͥڷһżƷ๦Դڶʤݣ˵עܴڵǴƿ֮УõԶʤϹ֪Ļ١
С봢䣬δų⣬ҲԸԶʬ֮С
һƷʺܸߣӦǼƷ䣬ڲܴﵽǧףԴǳˡ
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ҪԴʱ̣δϳǣȲаżҪṩԴҪԴ󣬱Ȼһ֣õõԼô౦Ҫ뻤סˣɳΣ
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鱾ѹƣû˿Σգ˾綾
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ָȻܿںϣڲһȻ౦ȻȲƿ࣬Ҳǳˡ
Ѱһջҵһؼڲ׾ĵãҲδ¼幦̣֮ײ١
ĵÿƪ׻ˡ
׻ˣȻҲǰһϹŶҲǻ𸣵ǿߡ
עһϣûо׻ϸڣм¼
ãһ֪𸣵صһ׾಻
׾Źʵ๦һӻʼУҲҪ׾
һ׾Ȼͨ⹦֮ϵѰһЩ̺ϵر︨֮У̺ϵ
ϵʯɵıϽڲϵ뱦Ѫ
ں潣ࡣ
һ뱦ںϵһ̶ȣѪһҪﵽ˳̶ȣԽһҪС
׻˼أ׾һ߹ģںϱ֮ȫĿʼ׾һ
ǧ꣬ﵽ쾳Ϊܴ߷һЩ̺ϵĽָ
׻˺Ѫɵıȥ캣ǿǵƷ磬һյأΣա


967 ȡ׾
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ʴ˴֮ʽ̤дţҲΪǰǸʱǿϵǿߣЦơ
ĵã׻캣УΪ֮̾벻ϵ֮鷳һžͷСɣ˼顣
׾˰Եֲû𸣵أܳΪŴ֮һƿһ½ŹһҪһҪϵĿǰ˻ϵֶΣ
ֶΣ˻ϵһſͨ
ϵѡ
ϧȥûйڽ׾ء
ʱϴ󣬽׾ǻ𸣵๦֮УΪعֻкĵӲУһ㣬ȥõһ㹦ʮϸ񣬹̫ϳϣҲ޷ķ귽ѩȥ𸣵أҼʿҲ˶ܲٿϵֻж쾳һֺĵӣ̺ܶһЩϵֶΣȴ̫ˣҲ㹻Ե
ϵ治ãĵã׻ѰһӦûջ񣡡
պô䣬Ŀ׻ˡ
ǰ𸣵ؾͷȴ⸱³ҲΪ֮ꡣ
ţҲյֲضΪ
ˣɣѹ飬ЩᱬʱҪͷŸӦѰϵʹ

ڸӦ£һӿ׻ڡ
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Цò֮ҲϵѪ֮ҲǣǶʮ׻û𸣵ؾԼ׾һδδ£ӵл𸣵ҲӵһЩϵ
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취ˣϸϸһ󣬽ϸڶܹš
֮ſʼʩչСǧʯԣŹд󲻷֮ܣһܴǿʬ֮УϵϢڤڤ֮а
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һЩʼ
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Ժȴ𵴡
սս££ԭʩչŹڤڤƿˣŹ̫£Ҷ޷鱾ҲڲţһŹ̺ͨҲǴ֮е
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ϵ⻪ӿ⣬ͳӿͷ׵ֿ´̿
ץһÿһϵϢһ㣬ӡڷ
˾Ȼףӻ𸣵ǿڰϵһȡ˻𸣵Ĺ屦׾ֶ֪ͨΣ˻޼ȡžֶΣ󾪺
𣿡Լûʲôˣ͸ӵС
룬Ժǿʬ壬ִ߶ͨҲȡǵľκǿߵ㶼Իȡ
ȷ˼΢΢һЦƶְԵһжץġ


968 컯
ͨСǧɹ׻˸ʬڣϵҲ֤Ժͨ취ǿϣͬ԰
纮ԣطȥǿ߱Ȼѡ޼ǵõСǧ
ԺŹҵöκ˱ܣޡ磬Ҫܣ
һ̣ͻȻһĪΣϯͷ
ҲʶСǧĲ£Źһҡ
ֹȥһ죡
ʱһɹϵâӿ֮УҲ̶֥С
׻ڲʣһ˿ϵͬΪҵ֣
СȴߣȥҪ컯۷壬̤䣡
ģֺһ浱Ϸʧȥ
ʱ󣬴ԨһԾ߿գڲԶѰһյأܽɭ֡
ȥǧΪӦ˷
ˣ
ܿ츲һֳ֣óٸ߼ʯʯͷա
ܿӾʯʯ֮͸
óһҲһһȥóѪڡ

ʱһҪΪʳ
ˣԴҲȱɲǴ߶־ȫںϸһԼϡ
ھһԴȪڱлڷգһ¯ӡ
컯ͻƲ򵥣ΪҲﵽ۷壬Ҫͻ䣬ȱһһָҾ׻ϵΪͻ컯ӣ
Ҫߡ
ϵӡ
һڽǻգʯʯڷٻ
ˣ
Ư֮ҫš
Ȼ߶ڲɳһһϢาǶ
һϵϢֱӶţƤоһЩʹ
ĤϵѪӴʱøӦһɨϵһѰѵУиѪԼ⡣
ϵԵ̶ȣٴγ󣬹ֲϵУڻ𸣵ҲһУһ޷ϵжϡ
ǵ£ϵֶεʿ֮ٵԭ
ϵԽӿڣʹԽԣϵҲʼںϡ
벻ǣȫδϵַĦγ𵴣ش
һںϣͻȻӡɣ
ٶȲ죬ϵϢԽӿڣԽ
취˳ܣȨ
ɲ뵽Ѫڴ̬
߶֮֮ӿ򽣬ǴӿͽһֻֻӣȻû˿ų⡣
ڵϵϢһںϣ󲿷ֶǱ̬ɣںϵԵܣٻΪ֮С
ӿϵ⻪治٣ʵֻ̺ɰ΢ϵ
Ҳڰ־ϳʱʱ̿ȼ֮УѪ𳬹𣬽κܾ
ˣ
һڲûһϵ

֮УȻоϢʼѪ⡢֮΢΢˸
Ȼϵ£³Ϣ
꣡
ںϼ죬֮жʱǲϵʼһƬ˺ƣ˲ϯزأٳأȻܲȫ䡣
ʹһ̣ʮָָץġ
˲䣬·ѱϵ˺ƣѪ޷ƿء
ͣ
ʹУҲ
ǣһɽűȻ¸ԲҲ
Ȼͻˣʱ̫ʱȻϵὫȫжϣ
µ亹ȫѱʪһѪ
ǿ߳ϵɣ޼ɵںϡ
컯Ϊ޷Ԧ
ʵ£һ컯ʿԼԦϵ
ûУ
Ǿ޽еһˣ
¿ԼԦںϵǰԵϵƻʹ࣬ȻԳصġ
žž
Ǻ¡¡飬ͷըѪ
𺳣Ϊ飺ͻ컯Ҳֻﵽ֮زʱ̤䣬Ȼȫ󲿷֣֮飬ںϵͻƱ仯



Ѫ⣡
һ̷ȫ飬дȾħʹһһһƬһƬ顣
ﵽѪ״̬ܴﵽѪָ߶ȣǾͻʧܣ飬ҷ
оϵڱ벻һҲֲϵİԵ
ϵ˸顣
Ǽ涼ץϲͷڽȫӭ
æһ鵤ԼѪ


969 Ӻ
˸֪Ž֮һ֮Уܸܿо˲ءزءء
һΪһ桢˳ڳ
ˣ
ز֮УѪڣоŵ⡢ŵâȼա
ܿѪΪѪ֮еһԱ
ѪҲһᣬ֮УҲ̺һЩ̬֪ΪΣڲѪ𻢣֮УҲһЩ̬
ˣСˣܿʱ洫
Ϣٴ·ҲоֲڵӤħϢ
Ӥħ֮Ԫڵһʱ䷢֡

ѩĺߣ׻ˣֱӻصڡ
׻ѱӤħȫɡƣΪħһܣΪá
һħʵһ䣬׻ܣʵӰԵһ֡
ͬ߶ȵľͷΪԮ֡
Ҳһûаٺ٣ѹǧʬõһǿܣԼϵϵ
мƽ֮Ҳʧ
컯䣡
ٴ̤һݣ鿴һӦںϵԵʣ鼸ȫ̫ˣһ·ͻһ磬ǵһΪĳﵽ˴顣
֮ӦľϤѪϡ
Щ仯ϵϢȫ΢΢ͷţƮʵ·ͷų
ȻϵͻƣںϣҲӵԻ𸣵ص
״̬ˣͻ֮ҲûѸоʱʱ̿һЩ
Ȼϵʱʱ˸
Ϊ֤㣬߶һЩϵϢԼ׻ھ
Ϊһâںǰͷš
ȷǻ𸣵Ϣֻ֮һ̫ŨңؿһĻ
ǾˣҵþϻȥȻٰ׻µĵãϵ
һЩҩԴںʱٻһץΧڲʧ
ҲӰ潫׻ܴһ֮С
ˣ
ոҪ뿪ϵϢһ˿˿
澪㵿ǰ߿գϢӿ޼ϴƺΪǶ
ڸոںϵϵϢ˸ˣĪǡĪǻ𸣵صĸַϢ
벻ٶ̫죬ڶϢܷ
桢ڣģٴθı䣬ѪϣΪһԼĪʮʿ
޼ϢҲʧ
ԺˣƾײĤ֮Уƾ׿Ϊ޷͸ƾף޷͸޷֪Ϊ
ƾ׻ã
һƾƤ֮Ĥ㣬Ϊ޷Ϊĺô
ಣ
ϷͻȻ˸ӣ
ʮͷƿࡢģҲ޼еϢ
˾˫ɭɭ档
ҷһ£ϵһ𣬰ݣǵŴ𸣵صӡ
ȭʵ¿ɼ⸽л𸣵صӳ֣
󷽻񣺡֮ǰ˴鳲Ѩ춯ϧʱԾԨڻ𸣵صӣʵδ档
һλƯյӣһ磬һɳﶯͷһ
Ҳ׵ֶβΪķ½ʿ

˲佫סڶϢ񣺡»ʼ½һɢޣɳ½
ʼ½
ɳ΢΢üƬ½ţ¾Ȼɳ½ʸγƺ
ͷ磡ʱ뵽һ֡
ͷ磿
ӦڰнǲʶҪڼ֮УѰҹڡͷ硯
氵СӦ֪ɣ޼ᣬӦҲ뷽ѩһ߶ţ
ٺ٣֪ң
ɤӣҷλʿǻʥء塯һšӺǵذʵû¹ǰǿ󣬵Ҳȥ뷽ѩȥ½һʢƳǡ֪һ۹ӣҲǻ½̫ϳϡ
Ӻ
׻ǻʥһ̫ϳϣˣд˱Ӻȥķ½Ϊܵ
ƺ˵ʥصһţһл׵ľ
׵ȷǵһţʵӺ˼Ӻֻǵذ۱ױȲӺϾǻӣϵ̫ϳϡ
һأֿɳӡ
Ժ֮һԺ
ԺҼǵһǸԾԺţ
ԾȷţǱȲӣС񡯣

Ժš


970 
Ժ֮Уʵǿл񣬵һ֮Ķͬţ˾Զֻϵذ񣬷ѩйʣ˵ӵʵΪƺԺ
ܵõѩϿɣǴ˻
ּǵ÷ѩ˵ߣҴҲѪߣǿѪĸȱֹܳˣԴر𲻷ȻӺҲѪ
Ӻ̫ϳϣһӵ޼ȻʵҲѪߣвǰҶԵŲ̫˽⣬벻һв
ȻԷѩֲŻȴֻܵϵذԭΪ£
渵
һݣһںĿǰͻ컯䣬ʵ֮ǰǿ󣬲Ȼ뵱棿
߶ˣ
Ӻһᣬֳ汧ȭȻ·Ԩ
ǰһ׷ȥλǵ񡢵ذǾŴţڻĵؽύλϣλһͬȥʶһ
Ŷ
ֳԾ档
¶ſ뾴⣺λԻʥأԼԺֻһɢޣԵرעλִСһȥ棡
󷽻֣Ȼˣڴ棬˵ҲԵ֣
ҲգҪǲһʥص⴦ԨϵܣӺͬ⣬㵭ס
֮ӺͷƣһԾԨ
ȴǰһ֮ΧаϢĦγһơ
򶣡鸯ʴ֮飬ƺѶԸǾ綾²ҲɸΪֲʬ
Ԩ֮ӺƿȴƯڸһֻֻ򶾪һ԰ס
ںҲ龪÷ٶȣٶӦúܾˣ
˴Ž֮£𽥿аа
аݺᡢڸԨײһϹǰġ
֣·ȷкǿһ𸣵Ϣ˵ǰһս
һս˵ʲô֣ǰһĳյصõŷҲԸ֪һ޼ʿﶷȥһս˵Ҹ
Ӻ۴壬ȼգһˣٶȼӿ·аͿա
ԭҲ֪ϳǷʱǽȥ쳣ȴʮֳԾ
ŴͰɳǿһ䣬עɳ½һ
£
ʱð亹ձ
а֮У亹ѵ֣ĪϢ㲻ӦҪСģϢմȾϣᵱʳ
飿
κˣ¡
ǸоŴǿϴ帣ػƽɱ޼ϾôδΪ޼޼ڣŴ˵޼š޼ħЩҲֲ
ôɳ½ÿһ죬ʱʱ̿ĵ˵Ŵֻɱǰ
Σоˮޣĳȫӡ
öʬ
ֹһ󣬸ոϡǰһԶӺʾ⣬ž
ʾҪģӺߣȻ࣬ȷһѨʬǻ𸣵صӣϴŵƣ֣ɳ½Ϊ̽޼ʿ鳲Ѩ֪жΣգҿĪȥΪ
ϷұǣȻбŲٵڴˣһҪȥģӺϷȥ
ŷأϷ·ʬԷ
ֺô£ǻʥؾţǸһĴڣô˻ᣬġ
񾲾ƯעŰ˷һʯʥǵްԣŲ٣ҲԵúɡ
ֻǳյðգӴˣȻѰһЩԸϢطղţЩ޼ʿģ
Իʼ½Ӧ֪޼Ѫȷɣ
еţҲȥʼ½򣬽ǸǿߣǾŴҲֲƺڲȥ򵺴½Ѱ޼Լͷݣһһ֪ģ
ȴ֮еķ񣬵Ҳǳ󷽣ĵ޼޼ڵһʥ汻޼ʿõǻɳ½ٽ޼ڣʱ»ħ½Ϳ̿Ѱ޼ҵְڣħҲѰ޼Ӳħõ
߻Ȼ򣺡ֲþŴɳ½֡
ֻ·ⷽ½ͬŸ߲㣬һԵһһҪϻȥʤݣһ棬ڶʤݾУѵá
ڶʤݾУ
ҿʵҲӦҲǴȥʤݱμһɣ
һɢޣ𣿡棬ǵһ¼Ȼ


971 ˺
Ȼԣ֮ǵǰΪһӣֻɢޣħҲɲμӡ
΢Ц֮жʮڶʤݾУʱֹԼѡܲÿһῴǵذսţǧЩð¡
ǼΪе㶯ˡ
Ҳʮַ񣬾ŴִΪףóƷƷΪҲи統ֻԺƵϵҩ컯޸Ҳɫʯ׾¶ȵȱǿ汦Ϊߣпִܼˡ
컯

Զû
ָܻƣ޲ıһʱ뵽ʦԪš
С֪컯뺮ͨ
˵ҩֻжԺԺԺƳһŵҩʱ䳤ǧ꣬һŵҩһ֮ءһʿڶ̶ʱ̤޼޲Ρ

ˣ
ֻ֪ǸɽׯǵһȽ컯Ȼ޷ԺᲢۣ컯ÿʦƳĵҩҲÿʿõıǧǰһ棬ŴִˣҲδó˾ҩΪ
һ컯ɷʦƻָ
Ʋɣ㲻ḁ̊́𣿶ҷղҲᵽһ׾¶ҲӵЧ̶ȣ̥ݡ
𣿡ʱ޲̤϶ʤݡ
Ժͣ׾¶޾ڷ齻ʱγɵһȻҺ壬׾ǿȥѰң˻ԵҲǽڣ޷γɰ׾¶

ĿԽܵõ컯ǰ׾¶Ļټ̥ݣҲΪʦ
汦޼ҲãҪõ컯ǰ׾¶ҪΣǿɲװӵзѩӺʵʱ̫ǿߣǾһʢ硣޼²ҲŶ
֣ʲôõģҲǳ򵥣ȥ۽ҲãˡӢŽԻҲǽύǿƽ̨
˼㡣
ﲻɫ˵˼䡣
ͣ
عȴ·ײһƿ
Ӧע⣬㿴ΧԳȥ񵱼֣ǰһЩ򶳯֣һЩƱڻҲ׷׳·ӿȥ

ڶϢԨ
һƳ֮󣬴ԶԶԨһƬʱʱ˸һ׹⡣
ȻӺ
ײʱʬӿӸ߿տӹͷŷԿаƣܿӺͷʴΧۼǧʬ
ʵ治ֳֵɱһɱ˷ʬ顣
ǻͷһЩ̺׹⽣ӰԵһܽһʬɱ֧顣
飬Ԫȴʬ֮зɳԪ̬ƯӺΧͷԪ񹥻
Ƭ̼䣬ӺЩмܰ˷Ԫơ
֣һ֮ȡ
󽣵
һ
̶ʱǧӺΧץηһʱϰٽ罣˾ȥ
䣡
ңɨϰʬ֮һڽ֮飬Ϊ⡢
һࣺ
˵ˣʩչԺһǵǿ󹦷֮һ
Ժһ

ݣ
Ϣ󣬷ַɱϰٵȻ޼᲻ݣɱöʬ¡
أ
֮飬ʯ֮һԾһӰаԪƣɱ

˲䣬ȷɱƣһָһһƬͬҽһ𣬳ΧƯȥ
һ𣬾ð˷ɱ鹥ƣڿȼջΪǡ
ֹȻز¶裬ǻеһȣʬȻ£˿־塣
Χɱ鹥ƣջΪ˿ʱ࿴
һЦȥһ֮飬޷ֶã
񣡡
ǰ֮ͷųɱʬһ߾飬ƻնɱնɱκζ쾳ʿ
治ȥͣΪ뱩¶ֶ̫Σڷʬɱһͨ룬ͷΧ顣
̣
ϢͻԽɱΧʬϡ
̫죬ʮʬ׷ױը
лӺżǱ
ЦЦ֮˸ϽϷȥһҲղٸʬ⣬ռһЩʬ


972 ߱
˲Ⱥ·棬鲢δ׷ٶȻѨ
Ȼ͸Ž֣ǾͲڴ˶һҪʤݣʱԺұǣ
Ҳڶʤݹ򣡡Ӻʱ汧ȭ񣬶һƿնȥ
Ȼʵŷ߿һۡ
ӺпϤһᣬϢΧϳǼٶȥ
ƾףԼĪһʱϳǺ󷽡
ۼʮ
ӺϷǰȥһĻˡ
ڶʮΧһ磬ۼʿ֮ǰ
ص޼ϾϹݡ硢ڰ棬ҲŰ깦벻Ѿۼʮӡ
һϢû뵽
޼ϾһЩɳ½ɢ޾ͷҲˣҪϴ½ɢ޾ͷҪһͬɱ
ʮѹͷۣټɢ޾ͷѩϼ˪
Ȼ޼ϾҲԲ³Щɢ޾ͷкμƻͣϾͷ泬Ӧӽȥǧ֮ڣӦ
ҹŸӦһ޼ͷϢȻʮʿһ㼯
ƾھۻᡣ
Ӧ͸ȥԽʿ
һħаϤЦ𣺡ѲൽλҪô޼϶ڲ壬ֱӽ飬Σʱɱȥ
üƣ޼϶а֡أҲ£һߵ˻޳ɡ
޼Ͼ󣬿棺ȷɢ޾ͷԱˡ
εͷһԱˣ޼Ͼ⣬Ȼǵ֡
ϾҲߣǰ򵺴½һʱ䣬ȥ캣ٻĴ½ȵȵطɳ½ǧ꣬ɢ֮һǿߣ˵Ǹ賤һϲ
Ӧ޼ħλ߱ˡһ޼Ͼɳ½δйʢ£лλɢ޵֧֣
޼Ͼ˭ûйڣˣǽкôһİ
޼Ͼʢŭӡһרɢ޾ͷɳ½ħͷɱ˲գۣøӡԱˣͷʲô߱Ըӣ
һɽ񣺡֮ǰͷʮӣвԱˡɢ޾ͷҿļϾûһѣǵˣ
޼ϾɭɭһȣûѣԱˡӾѣߺߣҲɱӣԼ̹ĸˡ
绹ʵ㲻ǻƽˣЩ˭Ը㣿һɽ˶ˮ治
ʲô˶ܲͷϣӮƽҲգӷ˼帣شϣԴֶθˣһȺں֮ڣΪ߻״̬ⲻ֪Ҳָ߰˰ˣ
Խ˵Խ޼Ͼ˲佫Ⱥ˸ˡ
ϧλɢ޵δԡֺˡ賤ʤٵȵЩˡ
޼Ӧ״̬
ǲͬǵˣȳ޼ϾԺһɢ޾ͷӺХ
ԡֺˡʤЩɢ޾ͷҲ·ʲô˼
Ϸʵмˣʵӻ٣ΪЩɢ޾ͷƻƽϴβҪҶ֣޼ĴҲᱻɳ½ⷽвǿߣ
Ͼû˼
⣿
ħаˣȻԡֺˡ賤ʤЩɢ޾ͷǵˣˣǾǵѣ
ѣĪСȥԡֺˡ賤ʤЩͷ
кβɣ
̫쿪ȻЩɢ޾ͷԸħε޼ħڡ޼ЩߵһǻᱣȲԸңҶԸ
һҲûУۿмֻɡ
ǣ޼ϾһƤЦⲻЦģ˲ΪЩ˶û棬ûô֣˵棬㻹Уʲôڵһλʲô壿Ķ

ⷬĬ
˲Ϊ𣬵ȷ
޼ϾĶԸȺð취ǴɱǿǾͶ㣬ɱ־£
ڼһֱһڸ֣ʲô߱ˣô󣬻Ҫɱ޼Ͼ
棬ûһ˿飺賤йڣ
賤ϲһˣβύˣЩū֣ɴȴһֱһȪɽУҲûһūһʿûɶݹڣֻһΪᱦ˼жѡ


973 ʬ
£ˣÿз񣿡
ֿʿԲӦ㣬Ҳһ棬㶯ӣɳ½˶Ҫﱣ賤ɵ˻ǷӣҰǣǳΪйУ
ҾͲаһӣȥһȪɽ賤Ӵһô֪һûпܡ
㣬ҪԱŸ
Ÿ
ֻ֪Ĭһ֮ûж鱨Сֻص硣
ˣ
°׵عѨ
Ѫ⣬õѪؾںϵҩ
޼ϾѪأϽ档
ʱһֱ취Ըֻйħߣһǵʱֶθ޷⣬־ۼɢ޾ͷ
룬£ض˵֮ǰȥԸɱһ鳲ѨԨõһȹħ߻ǿ飬ѱƳɿܣҲһѹʬ
ϲȭ
Ȼ޼Ͼֻ΢΢һ㵱óһˮһħߣǧʬҲֻǱˮнҪԸ߱ˣΣ
ŵЦݣδʴҪϰʬĻƳ޼ͷ־涾涾ԸԺҲȥһȪɽ賤ܲôһ֮ȻֶΣǾܿ߱ˣʬúõĻ߱ҲͲơ
ܿʬ˲޼Ͼд㵡
飡
κʿҴĴڣ޼ͷմȾаҲһɵ³
ܿ飿ܲʬ
϶ͨʲô統漥
ҳʬõƣ˾綾ںϣ
Ըȥ޼Ͼص
һߣһ󷨺󣬺ܿһںҺ壬ѪŶ
Ҳٸʬ⡣
ͬʱһҲ͸ʬΪһһɶ綾Ѫ
ͽ綾Ѫȥ
ݣ
һڹϵУպ۵
ˣ
ȻͷһƬâ⸡ڿպ۵ǰƷȷӵ飬γǧ꣬ǿ󣬵һˡ
빵ͨһԺҿԳںϣǡֻ˼š
齫Ϣſպ۵벻ܿһĨڽᡣ
飡
ΪʦȻһڵӵн֮󣬶ô
һṦͻӦϴںϲ⣬Ѷ˳ǰ˷ӡһšҪ׸㣡

ʶǺǿңδں£˵ſƿԺ֣ʱʩչǿһŽŽǶʤݽ֮һΪԺأһֱû˿޳ɣƿǵڶˣ޳ɿƳպ۵ſǶʤݹ屦֮һ
ңҪҪںһпɣ
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976 
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979 
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˵꣬賤ȻʹϷشӿһ
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賤Ҳ࣬Ȼ֮У·
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Сǧӳ֣
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985 ֮
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˫ֺʮʼһڴ·ź޼ȼճѪ档
羫ʼѪҲɸ޼Ϣ֮С
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ʬ˲֮У񱻻գ֮ǰ޼ǿʬ壬ʼԪһſŵҩںϣһҲֱӱɡ
ɢ޾ͷ֮УǲԱ˶賤ͶɵŭĿ⣺ֲǹȻԣԭõһڲӦǴ֮еĿռ
賤ΡȻһ֣޼ϾȰһ䣬ٳ룬Ī˸˾ŴΪ޼ѳΪŴждִ̣Ҳڰ취ǣ໥ɱǻȥԸŴִˣ
ߣŴҴɱɳ½ɢޡػԸǣһ޼Ͼ賤Ӱ첻󣡡Ǭ޼䲻мߵ
˵Ķԣɱ
ħаɭɭһĳħӰΪƣһǷɱֲħӡ
õͨԸ賤޼ɲҲ߶ͨһﾪ˽ֱӿһɱ賤
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Ȼպ۵ɱЩˣƷҲһδɱҲɱЩͷܵ𵴡

賤ǰʮͷͨѹ賤
γɵγ˳籩źͨɱ̺޼Ϣʱǰ
賤һǰϰѪ
ҲһΣ֮⣬˴߶Ѫ
ѪΪģɳ֮󣬶ʱγɰ׽η
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۵һ賤һѪһĨ˫ȭѵ֣ϴ߶ƷұͳСӣûٲɣֲιҽҪΪ飡
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Ҳǳż
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賤ʩչѪһδαѹƣеĵطѳۼ
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ħаϣȻһЩѪħϢĪǴҲħ½й
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һɢ޾ͷʱЦҲõģе賤޷߶в
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賤СӹҲˣұ־Լ磬ûɱˣǬŵ֮ħаɱȥ
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ٴٶڹ֮ܣʱʱֱһָУͬҲﵽĿ꣬ɹоͷע
СѪϢû޼ǰζ컯ϢĪһ컯ʿ
Ҳ߶պ۵賤ʱõϢᣬȻԹ߽ǶȣϲӦ渡Ŀ⡣
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Ҫһᣬٴδ߷Сǧ


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漱æͷԪӿ֮УԭĪаġ
Щһֱûж벻ʱӾȻѰˡ
ӣҾյظһϳǣãҪһ֮
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ţҲ࣬һʩչպ۵ɲܱǣǰȴ߶׺㵽ͨƣǷǿ߶͵ϮԪ񣬵ȴЩ˾Լ˲䣬ʩչպ۵
ð취
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һͻȻԽ﹥ƿռ䣬ѵһʮͷ󷽣ǿɱǿħϷ
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Ҳʱƾ״߶£ƹɱھͷϷ

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ħаԣ賤жֻһӵбʿˣ˶ѣûв
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ڰһ˲䣬ڶϢ򣬴ߴֺԽͻϮɱɱ޼ͷ
ɱͷʱڱǷ֣ͷһںɭɭ䣬ֻõǰԴ˷

ڰػеɽƶ֮ƣѪҲѺۡ
֮ڰֳ󷽵ء
ߴͷֱɱ𣬾ħаǬ޼Ա˵ǿߣϴ߶תɱ֡
ʮͷȱ桢賤ǿǿɱֱڰͻϮɹɱˡ
ħаƤѪһͬ黨ĴͷҲһ飬֮д𺳡
һôͷͬ⣬ԼѪɢ׷ͷŵ˷
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ںڰ˲ɱ޼ͷҲü𺳣ͬҲм֮С


988 ޼ͷб
ĵڰһ̣;̫죬ҲƷʡ
ϲóԴǰҼ߶ڷٴμһΣʣͷڻһЩͷɱһˣܸд棬ˣ
ʣˣҲǿĴڣ֮Ҳ޼ħڤϹǿߣҪɱˣҼ߶պ۵ס֣
Ȼĺأ賤Ȼ߶ʩչռͨԼؽ壬ƿպ۵ħаִϢᣬһɱ֮⡣

ħ屻պ۵ɱС
ҵȼ֣ǿ֮ĩ
ħаһĲݣĴҲ߶γɹ賤档
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ħаǬ޼֣Ҳٶȷź󷽷Ӻҹ֮зӡ
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ŽʮֻοХӣһû䰡⼸ʮ꣬ȻǺԺȣ
ĪаżֺЦٺ٣гԵĵȻҪԱʦҲû䣬ȻӢʦҪЩͷÿ
ͷ֮ǸߣԱ˾һ̾Ȼһ쾳һʿ
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賤渵ǰбǲֶңΪﵽ޼䣬Ҳһǿߣϧڲ֮ǰһϮʧأ󵱼Ҳһʱ𼣣Ӧǲɳ½ĳط
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Ǭ޼ɭɭһȣҪã㲻ǿߣмǲһδθӣбҲǴˣĪҪһ쾳ʿҵΪУˣɳ½ʿΪУ㲻ʣҲһʣ
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͸ȻɿҲŴӻʼ½ɳ½бز֣αӻңɳ½Ҳ˳ǿøʦֲصģҲ޼֮Ҳͬһڣ


989 ޼ɱ
ٺ٣Ǻãֻɱǿߣ
һ϶бԼһ֡
䣡
Աɢ޾ͷбĪаɱһ
б߶һƷһںɫǹΪ߳һصĲԱ˷âһƬ߿ա
Ա˲ΪԽбҲһƷڣȻ֮ǰ桢賤ѹƣˣʱҪԸбףڼ֮£ڶʱ佫бѹơ
һɢ޾ͷΪ޼䣬ͬһҪԵĪа
ڰɱ֮˾ͷõһδθо־壬ĪаǶһ䣬кڰǰסͷûһѹ
ٴ֤ʿԣжӰ졣

һϤӰӺ͵Ϯɱ˵ħаǬ޼󷽡
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֪һ䣬ĿȻϡ

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˼ӳУֶȻ߶޼õɱһɱ⡣
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Сӣ޼ͷʵһ֡
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賤ԦպԱ֮ǰһЩӴ˿̿ʼֻҪסħаǬɡ
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˼ˣɱһɢ޾ͷɢߣȻ߱Ҳ߽ˣʣ潻棡
ص߽߱ˣû߱ˣܾϺ𣿡
Ǿǰԣǻɱһɢ޾ͷҿԱʺϣΪͷ£һֻɢ޾ͷ֮еĴɱɢػᶯҡ
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賤Ϊɢ޾ͷȷġĶһ
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賤׹ȲĴ󵱼Ҷ٣ãʦڣһܺЩǿߣ
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992 ڤϹС
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ѾڤϹҲǧԶ
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Ƽˮֲ꣬ѣˣҵʮ꣬ţǱи߳ɾͣȴ󲿷;䣬һϷǿ߾ȥԼյأֵ̫á
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С·ûץھͷ֮£Ưûһۼ


995 ƾ
һ֣ҲвҵˣҵɵڤϹѴҵĵߡ
бھɱϾͷһҲġ
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ؿһڣѪĿģ֮ԴУ֮ӻֱ˵࣬ƻκ˽Ի˲û
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997 طӡתӡ
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ڴ֮ǰı۽ڣѪһֱڷ޼ͷʱʱ̿Ѫڷգ޼ǿָš
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998 ӡ֮
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999 ѹı۽
ǰ⽣֮ǰд⼣⼣ϢȻʱ⽣ͷ΢΢ϢҸо޷⽣޼ƷʻҪߣ߳Ҳһڡ֮е

Ȼ֮һԿԽҴ飬ڷ磬ȻΪƷҲǶԴ˵֮е񼦵һ硣
Ȼʹ֮ȻϾ죬½֣
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΢΢𾪲Ҳ˵а취ӦƾϢӶҺɳ½ҳڤϹټ


1000 
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п죺˵͵ùһȥɼһЩͷҾһˣһھ⣬ȴڸʬȻӰ죬Ҷһ꣬θҺʬȻһҪʬɱЩҲһֱѰԼɱʿѰҽⶾҩܼʬջ֮һȾʬ
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֪һڶͻȻʧɸɾޱ泩
ɹˣ
֮ͨǰ׼Эڰɢ޾ͷȻ֮ǰҲаգ㡣
ʱ˿̷ŷɣһ󹦷ı۽ͽپײ飬ʮΧ档
ΪսϳΧʮشԳΪͺͺ棬ϷһȺӰ
ͷ硢ڰӡ
ӽݵɢ޾ͷбҲں޼Ͼڸе㲻ˡ
ʲôꣿ
ǹ꣬Ǵ
ȱı۽ŵòᡣ
һ۾ϳı۽ɲͬࡣ
ɢֶҵбı۽һյؾһĴ١
Сӡһαһ𺳣ȻƷı۽֮ǰѹͷܸɶԸ
޼ϾҲŴ㵡
󣬺Ѽһ磬ı۽Χ
ڲһһЩսڳɢޡǿߣһ㱻бһδδ߶󷨣ǻɱһֹ³
ʱĪаб棺ʦ֣磬Ҵӻʼ½ɳ½ںħεħε𣬱׷ɱ磬Һȡ
ע£бȭ֣ĪаһУǷģԺʲôʱһƴǣ
бΡȻĪǽֵܣĪͬʦ֣Ҳˣαؼ⣬Ҷɳ½Ǳֲⷽյ㣡
ǣĪазǳˡ
ಣ
ȻʱԶ޼Ͼڣһֱû˵ЦͻȻתʧ·
ϸ΢澡۵ףͷԪʵϾʲôֱ˵ʵŵԣȻˣ
£ֻȥϢ޼ϾӦһ䡣
ȫ޼ϾԸ
Ȼʲô·
氵һʣԵɣڲָɱ󷨣ǶԸǿʱһָּ޼ϾȻϾ֣бȳ⣬ǲ֣
ֵ޼Ͼ֣Ȼ¡


1001 ʰо
Ұһԭ޼Ͼ벻йڣͷбǶң󵱼ҾǱ޼ϾɱҲǰ£ָ޼Ͼͷ
ԭˣд˳Թ
⼸Ҳϡб벻һЩӶԻܸоֵˣʱ޼Ͼ𣬵Աбֹûд˵Ļ޼Ͼ벻ֵɱ
ˣĺܺãҪʱʱ̰̿жκ˾ٶҪڵһʱ֪ͨң
֪ԭɣ浹ƽ
ӿߵһδѣȻ޼ϾǿߣƱػìܣһЩ¶ˡ
ҲͷᣬŲֵˣڽ綯֣滹
бĪаһţּɢǿߣγͶ˵ĵӡ
Ȼħ׻˿ܻͷžаϢΧ֮ǰǧʬʣһٶԻΪƬǼ֡
ĪаúôŲڷϳһʩչϢܿЩˣó鵤ΪοĪаתбԼǿߡ
һ֮С
һ᳤ӣϴƣ
ɢ޾ͷ賤
һȭ񣺡лǰȹδѣǰţҲӴ˳Ϊɳ½֮еĵˣʵβѣ
賤ۣۿ֮о仰˵ĺãǮ֣ҼȻ˿պ۵ػʵԣڤϹأ
ڤϹϹ̫ƻթˣźش
賤ƺµ⣺ڤϹʵǿյ꣬Բ׶ԸҪɱˣᣬԼֶΣ
ǰúϢˣԺɳ½㣬ʵĿ꣬ʱʽǰˣ
İżǧͷδ˿ӣ
ȥæɣҲеæʱ䲻ɱҲɢǿˣϢúҾͻȪɽ
賤˵꣬Ŀʧڷ档
ȥʬռһЩ޼ͷʬ壬ħ׻ܼӡڵ£ʱܾɱ
ϳ룡
ռ䣬һṦ硢ڰ޼ϾСūյؾۼ
޼ͷѪ벻٣鵤ںϣ׷׽ңһϰٿţūֻмš
Ѫūԣ챦
˽ֶζྪˣѪ̺޼ͷһںϣȻҲ޼ͷԺΪĪ
ǽ²ͽ㣬ʵҲҪֲӡǣΪãҲҪͷǳ
ֵ罻ŴС桢ڣڰƿؽ硣
ŷعϹݶһС
ϹݾѪҲͦο¶ЦݣҲ÷Ѫģû£ԸЩͷҶûģأȥˣһᰵƿؽ磡
Һܷģ
ٴϹС
һӡǰϤ޼Ϊһ磬ڲɢ޾ͷ޼Ͼ
ϾֲڣӦܷ޼ϾҲˣļΪأмӳ޼ϾпɥǿС
óѪϾӦ֮һ𺳣ѪǺö̺ԱһЩϢ㽫Աˣ
ǲԱˣռ޼ͷʬ壬ҽԿȡԪúˣպһὫ־ֶν㡣
˵תƻ⣺֮ǰŵ֪벻ֹڣҸɱˣ
޼Ͼһ裺ǣӲ֪ɳ½ɱ˶ˣһңɫˣ
֮ڣõһ´δҲϣǰɱȥ
ϾֻǺ⣬㻹ϵҲŵ֪ǸĪаʦ֣Ϊؼǣбǽֵܡ
ĪаʦֵܣҲֵͬܣһò֮ڡ
²ף
ΪΣ
бΪ˲˽⣬ˡ
бΪˣ
ˣ˵ˣӦҲұ𡣡Ͼһתӣ˵ȴֳܱĬ
ڼҲϾ벻ֶԹһ⣬ǲãֱӻᵼ벻ֹϵ
عѪأ޼ڣ֮ǰʩչʬ壬Ϊʬһա
޼ʮʬ壬󲿷ҲΪûмǲܷΪʤ
лˣôʬ壬޼ͷ
桢Ҳ»ص޼ڣһʱдѪУһЩ컯ɢʿʬ塣
͵ʿʬӿѲ󣬵ޡȻãȥữΪ֡


1002 
ҲĲ٣Ҫָ
þһսõʬ壬㹻άִԼС
Լѻָһ룬ôԴָǳ£Ʋܴ֮ﵽ۷壬Ӷ䡣
ÿһν֮ս·ˣҲһУһδ֮󣬵õָ֮̾ͻʱڡ
Сô󣬴״̬棬СиӦ
СڸһѨУܿӦⲻˣƻָĳɡ
ָӦˣ״̬ڻָ
ֿѪأµľڲв鵤ڽݣѪ
ӵнѪħԪ󷨣ʱʱ̶̿Ѫأ󹦷ǿ
ѪصĻѪūṩѪ
ӣΣһºͷȥرڷϳһڣӦ򲻻ʿ
һ磬С
Χø߼ʯʯú󷨣ʯϢһЩԿʯʯϢ
Ԫ󷨣
΢Цҵûʲô£ʦ֣ӦúæµҪƴ󣬾Ī벻֣
ʲôҪʱ̸ңԴ٣
֮ǰѸҩ
ҿԪ󷨣Ҽǵǰ˵Ź÷ǳа񡣡
ʱûף뿪ʼ½ɳ½֮󣬾ͨˣҿԲԪ󷨣ȥʿ̫аţҿԪ󷨣ȻԼԴЧȻˣʱ䣬ͻơ
Ԫ󷨱ǳǰ޼ڣаֻۣҪҵӣŹû⡣
Ǹ㣬ҲԪ󷨸硣
û⣬ݴ磬ֶ޼֮ӵԪҲ֮УֻҪĪ㴫˱ɡ
ףһѣʦָֻЩȸʹ죡Īа˵꣬רע״̬
汾ӦЩʿбס
ӦԼ硢ڰǾ֪Ҳ棬ֲͬʼиӦĻͻ˾ƺڰмӣȻ뷨
ӵʩչԪУȻϢнӡΧ֮һЩӲݣȻҲڿή
ջ˲䣬ʶһĪа󷨡
ȴΧȻӿ磬ΧһЩӲݣή
ԪȻȻʡϢͳͳᱻԪߡ
ϳΧԼʮ⣬Ҳûκζʮֻʣν˲أһͷҲˣûиʮǰ꣬
Űֺʮȥ⣬ŽӴһϳⷽΣѳ׻⡣
賤ҲȻǱȥ
ѻָ˳ɣˣ޼ͷ̫־Ѫӽһ꣬Ҿȫָ
ֺȻ뿪عϿա
ͷŲ̺аʬϢǴı۽ǵⸯʬڣʬʬϢ£ԶԷǳֲǹħ׻ҲȲϡ
ʬںϣԺֻҪ߶ӡʬһʬᱬڤϹ־ͷմȾּʬҲԳ׾ɾ
ֲʬٴνǿ
ˣΪҽⶾˣƺı۽ܸӦϢΧʮధ
ǣҲ˼ܴӵ´򶴣ϳ·𣿡
Ȼԣұϲڵ£Ҽ죬Ҿܴһͨı۽˾ͷ
صعոԴСо΢΢𶯡
Ҳɶ
ֹ죬Ȼڵع·Žı۽ٴδһܵҲ̫졣
ı۽Ժڷϳǽܵ¾͵ÿˡ
ˣ
عֱı۽ץһֱصع°ף׾롣
һüı۽𣬾ӣڵ֮ͨв
еȴ棬вٵطãʬĿĸ붾Һ
ȳѪ
óʮѪı۽һȥ
ڱϣ̺ѪȻΪһѪڱ£͸
ӦϤβռ䣬ҵǴʬڣʼʩչѪΪһ˿˿棬͸ü֮ȼա
໣
ı۽ɱǰҽУʹȻݣϾʬֲʱ䣬ñӴ󣬱Ȳ棬Ҳ
ΪĻΪ塣
һȥѪȼţΪѪ˿棬ڱڲӡ


1003 ŮӰ
Ҳڼָֻ״̬ѻָųɣʣһ㣬öþܴﵽ컯״̬Ӷ۷塣
Լ
ֻһ޻ı۽ڱġ
ҧſҲץƤˣ㡢Ҹоʬֻʣһ˿˿Ҳʹˣ
Ѱ㻯ʬʣʬӰ첻󣬵ͻ컯䣬Ƴ׻ָΪⶾԺͲڷϳǵ£ʱʱ̿Ҫػϳǡ
ʬҪҵһ˵ģ
֪ڤϹɳ½Ѩ
뵽һˣҲ޷һˣ׼Ž˳
ڤϹһǸ࣬ʮֽƻҲȷźش
һЩҩԼͨʬı۽
صع֮У濪ʼʩչ޼Ȼ߶øԼԴӳڣʼ۷塣
ɳ½δ֪һԨ
ԨǱ
Ȼ벻ǣԨ°֮Уֲ£ȻһýӡĶڡ
ڣϢȻӡܿȼһӰڴþʯʯϷԴС
ԭɢ޾ͷڤϹ
ڷԴмʬǣЩʬһųɫӣʬ
Ϊħа޼ħЩǿߣܽ޼Ͼѹ벻
޵ĨĵСӣȻ뱾棬õõϱףñʰȱˣһҪ취ɱ޼Ͼ
ֿԱߣһӡڣƾס
ȻͷһףƷȻ紫˵֮ںϣƷֻеŴԼִ˲Уñõ˱һͳɳ½ôɺⱦںϣҵûӵ
Աкޡ
ۣ
Ǽȴ޷ںϣڤϹôѪ
Ȼһץһ⾹Ůӡ
Ůһ˿ңһڤϹŵû԰ףһ˿Ѫɫ
Ůš
ߣú÷̱ƺһЩ͸鵤ԣǷ̲ܵҲ
һǳ⡣
ŮԱߣһ£ڤϹȥ
ӡڣʱʱҽС
ڤϹʱȫǻ״̬ŮϽðһЩѪҺЩѪҺԼϢڤϹա
ŮѪɫԽԽ٣ʶҲģ
𡢱ǵ
Ůڰ󣬿űڤϹ裬Ҳ޷ƣϢ뿪ƤһװױһڤϹ¡
ǻооȼգ
ڤϹŮӰ£Ƕʧȥ
ǿץסŵҩŮӹ¡
ȻŮӳµҩ󣬶ʱŮһ㣬޺죬ȥεεġ
ڤϹһͷţһδ˫а񹦷ŮեȡԴԴϵľ
Ԩ֮ϡ
ȻһӰӣʲôûеĸ֮ڿ֮гһŤϢԦռͨһͲһˡ
Ȼ벻ǣӰʵشŤϢ֮г֣ǸͨŮӵˡ
һԾ·Ԩ
գۼ䣬ŮӾǳؽ⣬ڤϹѨ֮⡣
ǰһһߣеֶΣ

ְڽϣڻһ㣬ںһ
ಣ
޷ͨڽڲһˣŴɫϢһζŮͷɱ
ġ
ӶڴһŮġ
ŮһԵʱŮһйӣڿ
ģģڤϹɫ
ġ
Ůʹ϶پϢڤϹ롣
Ȼȴһ˳ڤϹŵþϢ
ڤϹΪͷ·ҲԤеʲôת͵һҲŮӾں󷽡
ǿߣ
һ˲죬һںڵͻϮ

һκξͷҲҪˣ£ڤϹɱ˹ƣɼһ֣֪ɱ˶ǿߡ
ڵҪŮӣǺڵȴŮһǰ֮¡
ŮһƷŮӲ֮£Ůӽ֮һ顣
ʲôƷ޷ֹ
δĿ־ڤϹȻӲˣһʱȿƨˡ
թա޳ڤϹֵ쾡¡
ۣ
ϺӳɣҪɹ壬ͷʼΪ⣬ֺȻһ˳ΪһƬѪڿб

ŮһĻ֮һȥͬʱεڵء
ƾס
Ůֳһ̯ģ˲䣬ڤϹӡƾףܷӡವһǿŮġ


1004 ͻ컯
ˣ
ƾ׷·ов֮в
ҵУ޷ߡ
ŮתһĨӰ˸ﻹӰӣ
⣬ŮתضѨĿһ˿⣬Ѩ¡
ಣ
Ůʧȥ
ϳǣ
ع֮У־ڵع֮У޼ӿ׷żڣһδγȳ֮ơ
С졢渡ּ֮ɫ꣬ƲָΪҲﵽ컯۷壬Сǧ߶־źܿͻư䣡
Сǧ֮
ɫɫͻ֮ΪΡ֮бߣزǧͻѪҲȼա
ϣ·Ҳһ˲䣬γһţ֮ÿ䱬
֮УһЩϢâ
׻
ﵽ۷״̬΢׻ҲʼڱǾһ
׻ŻõԴԻ𸣵أϵҲҪ֮ͨһ
ܿȫв˺׻ڱߣκһαԸ޷ݵʹࡣ
ͣ
Ҳ׻һڴģھ۾֮е棬Ȼ׹ⱬһͬ
ͻˣ
컯䣡
Ͻץסͻ˲䣬ɴѪһ
ɲǼ巢¡¡飬ӽŵͷ˲صزءأԼȫ󲿷ֶ顣
ӽ֮֮£ʲôˣֻԴϣһ顣
ϡ⡢֮У̤Ϊڲϵһδ˺ѡ
ϵȻԵϱħ
𸣵ϵֻͨж쾳޼ͷգҲ컯䣬ͻ֮ӦÿǿһЩ
ãҲͻҽС
ӴóԴ̷ͨԪҲʱһЩҲ˸
һԿպ۵ڲġ
ʤݽȻǵͨյĻ˵ӵ賤ǰռͨ
賤Ԧպ۵һ뼸ͷսʱһĻĻǰ
һһܿͷ
ħаʩչħ壬Ҳһ֮Ըͬǿͷ
賤һʵһǿռͨԼպ۵
ںϿպ۵һ̣ڼҲտںп
ղһڵԸͬǿʱԵɴݣпպ۵賤ɳ½ѷ֡
ͻƻҪܳʱ䣬һоҲƿץһĵá
ü¼ʽ
֪ж಻
ȷһſռͨΪԴҲ˵ӵ򣬻ǿǿߣ
ص㣬һǡռ侧ӡǿռ
ʿӵ򣬷ռͨ
ռ侧ӡǿķԼӡǣҪһԼྭ֮УӡӡԿӡǣҲ̺֮޵Ŀռ侫
ӵдռ侧ӡӡԽǿ󡢼̣ܴ߶
ռ
Ҳ꣬ռ꣬ʿԼϿռ侧ӡƳռꡣ
ɴ߶ʩչؿռͨٶȡ
ĵϼ¼ٹ÷ƿ潣ڰ˾ͷطӡһһ߶²ں䣬һɽ壬Խһɽ塣
罫ʼ½ɳ½֮һЩһں½֮Уһ߶ʩչֱӽȥһڵ
Ȼ
оһžö಻˼顣
ǿ˳̶ȡ
ҲԺ̾Ϣˣҿſȷ󲻷ڴţȴŸ
֪ţ
Ҳ˺ܳʱ䰡֪ţʯʯһ󷨣⽮񡢷ӡһ߶󣬾໥Ӧһδδ󣬴Ҫʯоʯ޷һ̾봫ţʲôռӵд
δҪ촫ţҪæ
մţǵһرǾŴ
ԭǴԽ죬Ҫʯжв촫ţ
ںϿĵãϣѵطտռ侧ӡ
ռ侧ӡڴᣬԽྦྷӡܸüԦռ侫ԼںںȻ֮Уﵽһ־ľ硣


1005 
ҲڴʱӭѪԼ֮ͻδȥע⣬һ˼ʼ
ʩչӡǣȴ߶ռ侧ӡʱʱ̴̿߶ÿռ侧ӡ
ȻǳƮ죬氵пӡʩչ벻ȻڲϢʼһ˿˿ش͸
һ˿˿Ϣɶ򾫻ޣ컯ӵҲֻһƮ죬¶쾳Ҳ߶
ɼҪáôѡ
ûпĻҪ߶Ҳֻܼ򱬷ơ
ȻʱпţΧһ˿˿һ𣬿ȥҲ΢
ŲϽӡžҲܿгһЩȻƾʯһľ⡣
ʵǾʯǴؿռ֮еϢ
ʿӵɫǾ⣬ʿԪҲɫ
ҲӵɫϢġ
δ֮ǰڲϢԾ޵ģһڻɫ
ķ߶֮ڿķ£ɫ̬ͻֳҲֻ޼ͷһ㡣
ʱľ⣬ʵ󣬵ȻؿռϢҲ־⡣
Ϥˣǿ֮⣬Ǻ֮ҵƷ磬ͼƷΧһ־ڣǾǿռֲãֲã
򾧹⣬ԭϤ
һۣǺ֮Ʒ磬ǴڣǾռҲǱƷ·
ʱŻȻһֲĶ򣺡ԭʿռƷ羧һģ
ˣ򣬾Ϊʿһ죬ռͨÿռ䣬硢ƷЩ磬Щڣʵǿʿģһʿ޷ȴǲͬ
˵ȥ֮ǿյʿ컯ܡ쾳Ҳܣ޼󲿷ʿܣǴﵽ޼߽λΪȻ޼Ҳǿ֮㡢棬ԸƷ磬м뿪磬ȥ֮ǿ֮п
ԭ棬ֻһ컯ϣȴ󲿷ˣȥʶ֮ʲô
ѣԭͲǸͨʿ
ʿҲǼʶ㲩
ԼºͻƲŽһҲ̤컯䡣
ͷŸӦںϼһ˲ӦκһʲôӲ˫ۣɵҩԼ޼ͷʬ
ˣ
ֹȥ£һУһҲռ侧ӡ˲Χһϸ緢˿ľӡ
˭֪һڳֶ
ʦ
Ӧ¶ϲ
ҲаԪżΪʦһӰһոԽ׺ﵽɳ½򡣡
ʦӭӣ㶨Ҫģһħε
ԭǲаʮ統ǰ㣬Ѵӻʼ½Զɳ½
޼Ͼ硢Ϲݿý磬桢ʧƬյء
뿪ɳ½ֻûһģ߶֮Կ޼ٶȣԾ
ִħε
Լһº޼ʱԶ׺ȻһƬϤϢƬʱǧ˻ͷŹϢ
ͷǲаӰҲһࡣ
ʦ
һƿմӭӲаһˡ

ԪãݣҲľˣʣ޼ܼ棬Էǳ
汾֣ڶ£Ϊһ޴ɫ꣬ӡſ֮ŲаŵӷС
¾ǲаӰҲǵһν뺣ڡ
Ѫ磬㹻ǧϢҲó鵤ԴС
ϢһԪ״̬öˣӰҲǡ
ִڷ߿գԪŵҿʦ֡ʦǹǹƻжȼ꣬Խһ׺ǳ
ޣ겻⣡Ҳͬȴ롢سΪϲߡ
Ԫοȴִһأǰ֮ǰʼ½£֪飿
£
ʱʱעƷƣһ˼ɳ½վȽŸ
뵽ˡ
Ӻ
汧ȭһµ֪ڶʤݾУеǿ߽Իȥ
Ԫŵһ
£ǳ档
ǰڻʼ½Щ޼ʿͷ캣ǿͷšħ½ɢ޲콣ٻĴ½޼ŵĹƳȵԱŴڻʼ½ͬץһʮǿһִˣڶʤݾйȻþʮͷˣ
ͷţ
콣
Ƴ
ЩľͷȻھŴС


1006 캣
򵺴½ǷҲһЩ޼ɢޱѹҲڶʤݲþΪ֪£ӦҲɳ½ԪųԾ治֪Щ¡
𣿡
ĿǰҲͼڶʤݾе棬ܵƷʿע⣬Ʋ˻ȥʤݣһŵʥأ
ʱԽá
˼֮С
Ŵӻʼ½򵺴½ץɢ޾ͷҪвþɳ½Լ޼ɢս²֮󣬾ŴҪȻԸ޼ɢޣɳ½
漴ʮУһҪȥȡΪʦʵǿһЩԳ쾳Ϊ쾳Ļ޼ͷҲκң
ʱ䲻ã
ͻȻԪ񣺡ͽȥ캣һˣʦҾﱣǣʦ֡ʦһᱣǴ֮£ȥɳ½Ҳ˽Ӧǣ
ԪףҪ¾ȥ죬ͷڣΪʦģ
Ӱ·ҿһͷޣ޹֣޼󺣣Ҳκβ
²˳٣Ŀǰ̫࣬ʵ
ִ߶ɳ½Ƿϵ׼ӭӲа
ʦ֣Ҫȥ캣ҿҪȥɳ½ôãһֱȥͷΣ
֪ĪаһҪȥ캣ҲҪһͬȥ
ҲãиӦĪаʵǿԺɳ½վȽŸ
涣һܿʧƬ
캣ɳ½ԶһСƬˡ
Լ£׺ǰȥ׺֪кεȹ۾֮£ʱʱ̿ˣҺˮҲһںɫ
һЩ;Ϯ棬ǴӸ߿գǴӺͻϮȴһһɱ޼֮С
޼δڷϳǽ磬ɢǿ֮߰޼ѻصڡ
޼ڣиоǳ̤ʵһֱϼɽⷽ磬Ҫ
ռʬ壬롣
һ·Ƭ׺δֲ֣ҲǳоԶԶƿ
뿪׺ãָƽһ죬ǧʿ
ԭ캣԰˷ͬ½ʿ
ڵϵȴĪа벻һħ½Ϣ
ħ½캣ҲԶֻһ׺ȥһʵħ½Ϣ
ħ½ħŷħħڣʮǰҲӻʼ½ǰɳ½ڼ䣬ħ½Ȼս
ħ½̫עϢҲδ´
ⷽħ½Ҳ̫ңԶ캣Χ
ħſս˭ǷħһħڣϾħħ½ϴ磬ħ½˵һ
ɽȴħһ·ѹзħڣħڼ䣬ѽħ½ϰҲһѽȡħڣ֮ħڲܣħڻ᳹״ܷħڣпܽħ½ͳһ
Ϊһһͳһ½ľ
ǰ޼һͳɳ½
ԭ·˴¼⣬ħ½ƶȻҲᴫ£
תɽӽˡ
Ҳڤڤ֮ڷı䣬аšҲ֮лΪȥħҲܻʧ
ȥһЩ캣ϢɽУҪȥɽϵͨ
ȴһ£Īаˡ
һˣб
벻бҲ֮Ҳû˵ʲôһ캣
һΪɫ߿ȼŴưĴ½𺳳ǰ
бǵһ캣ԣβʮΣ;Ҳ桢Īа಻֪š
̤캣һ̣Ÿоյؿ֮֮жһ½֮нǿֲϢдϢ٣ҲһЩаϢ
ǵƷ磬һմ½Ʒʿеһյء
ǰٻĴ½Ҳһ鶼ǻĵأҲһЩطʿڡ
Ȼ캣½֮Уûκֻвʿ
캣ϿЩƣʵһֻɽң캣һ뽮յأ½걻ɽҸǣЩɽһڣԾö֮ʿ
ʿɽҶȥ
ֲ캣߿տκӰӣҲ»ɽҡ
лɽң½֮ҲֺƬڲȻһЩںγɵС
ЩγɺǺȻ֮Ϊ캣Щں֮У׺һŲٺ֣ں⻷Ϣɱʿ
캣˾ηһԭ֮һ
Ǿں
Īаб£ϴΧյأǰбһָһƬɽҡǵĺ棬þһˮ


1007 Ѱϵؾ
ζǰȷں桢Īа濿һһ೤ߣôӺȻιӦڵȴںϷ֡
˾޴߱Ȼ޼ʵ
פһĪаʦ֣ȥһΪسԵյΣ캣Ϊв
֮ǰ˽캣Ȼ֪سԵҾͲȥسԵȥ濴ԼΧϵյأܲȻ֣ͻƣ
ʱʱ̱̿ϵʦ֣ĪаϴӦ
겻ȻĪаĻ±ǰж
ɼһ˶ɳ仯жྪˡ
˫⴦ںΪֽ㣬ȥĪабҷֺһȥ
޼ѣˣҪģ캣дʿʲô˶Уħа塢ŴԻѰУΪգɱѩҲѰͬʱҲ취һЩӲʯ
ú캣Ҳһ˽⡣
ʲôʿҲ˲ϣĿ棬н׾ӦһЩͨ
;ʿûεĴˣǿߣ޼ǧ֮ࡣ
ϵĿǰ׻һٶʯĵرҪҲףÿ棬ҸطõʯȻһʱ⣡
һЩֵش
ֵش궼ǻȼգǰǧһЩɽʱʱ̿̽䡣
һЩںҲյùڡ
ǰյغȻžһƬţû֣Ҳûں
Եش
ڵˣ಻ס
棬߿Ҳǻɽң󲿷ֶһƮС״̬ʱʱһ·Ҫ˺ĳһش
㳡һ̤УᱻĿ־塣
ಣ
δ̤Уʮʿٴշɳ
Щ帣ʿ
帣ز޼ϾǸƽڴô
ЩԶȥ̤ɽ
ڲȼٲ֣ǱԵֱ飬һЩϵϢӦ׽Ϊ
ʯ棬Ҳϵ
ӱԵָӦһЩʿڲͬطϢϧûߣֻһСġ
һںʱ벻ƯϰپߴССʬ壬еĺߡ趼ǳ޴󣬹Ҳж쾳ǰʵ󲿷ֶ֣ͨʵ¡
鿴ʬһԶԶҲܸоϤȻϣЩֽǱϵɱ
εȾͷӵ˿
ͻȻѣˣ뿪棬к棬ôຣֱ˲ɱ
̧ͷ䣬Զһ֮ûƻɽҲ㣬ں
ϽϰףֻںƬһƬ˸ʮºһɵ˸
ʱΪôຣ֣
ʬ岻Ź޼Ժ֡
ץһܺεȾ޴󺣹ʬ壬׷ױ޼ռ㹻´ʬ塣
ಣ
һʿպնռʬ壬ƲƲ죬Ц֮ʧȥ
˾úʬмֵֵȲһЩûȥҪԣֵҲȲôຣʬ塣
ռʬ֮СںշУȻں֮Уһµ
ǹµСмʿС
Ƶͼ¼ǵһɢ޾ͷأԶһЩٱȽϵͼԼ֮ǰռһЩСϢǾԶ뺣
ʱв½µȥڰֱߺȣ֪ԭµˡˡͻȻʧ˳ûȥѰұ
캣һͷ˼סʵǿ
Ҳŷѩ̸۹ˣ˵ʵ𵱽һʵҲȥɽ⴦µưһѩ볤˻йԹ
ͻȻʧ
Ҳȥ֣½ʿС
µһ绹ڲǧʿڲͬطѰţмҲΪƽء
ڼִСϢ˵ǳ˱ǿѹֻǶɽʧܣбɢڹµ֮УҲѰңһ
ôʿѰܻš
Խ⴦ں벻ں˾ˣʱǰǾ޴ɽܲʱʱһ׹⣬һɽ֮С
ɽǷֺеطҲȼŴмʿԶվﾭҲʿû
̤ɽ׾Ϯо޷Уðȥǰ׻׾֮ء
׻ĵãһжмء
ò죬߿ʱʱ̶̿׹û֮ʣһƬݷ֮С


1008 ׷
еѺףѰһᣬ·ߣϴڴԽĿʱͨ·塣
·ʵž˹ʯ·֮У·Χǽʮ棬ֲ֡ѡأĿѰڵһʱ䷢֡
ǰ׻׾֮أ·ʵġ
ּٳ·ȥ
ȻʱͷһЩ֩룬Ԩࡣ
֩С࣬Ҳ٣Ҫһ㣬Щ֩ϾȻʱʱ˸һЩ
׻˼¼ЩΪɽֲ̺綾ӿͷϵâһ쾳ԲǶ֣޼ͷһȺҲɥڴˣ

ԭϤĵԨ
ﲻ𣬿Զ㰡
һ˰շȥ벻һЩӦ̫ˣټ׷ױء
꣡
Ǻ³һȻ֮ͬдż׹⣬ɱռ䶼һ𵴸С
캣ΪƷһյأܣܸоУһˡ
߶֮ȥٶȳһЩһ㿿·塣
ܲʣƺ׷ɱۣˣΪβ߶޼ǿ⽣Ǹˣ밡
һһ߶޼ɱǣǻѹȻһУҪЩΧֹʿԭɲ£д㡣
ˣ
ף·գо·֮ϡ
һɫ޼ѹ
ɱˣǧֻҪ࣬һָһһھ޶ͻȻΪɣͻȻɱϷ
ι޷޼֣һ󣬾һ뱻ѹ޼ڲ
ʣ׷׺˶ȥҲӲо޼̫ǿ󣬱ȥ
·ˣƺԽӽ֣֮ˣ·ƺܹ죡
ʵ׻ˣǰڴʱİʱ䣬̨ÿһ̨Ϸõʯɵ׷
ţ׷Уһ⿪ӡ̨󷨣ܴ߶󽫾
׻ˣ𸣵زΪŴ֮һԴĿࡣ
ԭ׻Ҫ̨δٻУӡ֮󣬹ƾɳ½һ£ڴˣ̨Ҳķ꣬ڻ𸣵زƸҾͲҪˣ
һɽۣʱһִӸ߿պɱڰʧȡ
꣬ɽҲһƬСɭ֣봦ٳʮɿӣƿһʯ
ĵӡǴ߶עʯֻʯǲһ飬·һʯۣһɫ޼
׻Ϊ±ʲôħаҪһ֣׷£ûţȻ¡
ȥɽۣͬ׷
ʱ·λ̨֮λã໹аףȻһֻžž
صʱһ翪ʼγɣ̤ӡǣҲֳȥΧΪ滤
һЩӡǣ·ϣֳһγɵ⣬ֱӵɽ׷
ٽһٶʯóڰս֮е

ǻ𸣵ؼϵ֮ͨһ⴦̨׻հϴɡ
һʯΪǣƯڽ巽ΪԴš
ִ׻˴֮Уҳ̺ϵһ黯ΪۣƵʯҲһԲν⡣
ۣһ־ͻϷ׷̨֮ͨзһһʱеʯӶ󣬽һ־ͨ󻯽⣬ֱաСΪֹ
״壡
ޱȷ
ǰͷ׻ˣǼ״ʿ֮һȻҲ֮УСɣϧûи𸣵أΪϵֶΡ
ǿ̨һο
ص㻹ü
ҪϵΪķ
ǲ
ȻҲҪʯ䣬ǧƷʯʯϳΧ巽ӿȥϵʯϵл
һδμӳ֮һǰ֣ϵԵ죬ĿǰΪϵ٣ô׻µĴԴ֮УѰҵϵ
ϵҪʱƣǼΪѵģǻ𸣵شӣҪһҲҪܳʱ䣬޼ͷ


1009 
׻˴仹һЩϵΧ֮УʱŴŵɹ
һý޼Уһʲô⣬޼ɼʱ߶Σ
ûкС
ǻ𸣵֮һգ
Ȼܣʴ˻Ҫ޼С
òһУʱ߿Ȼֲš黨״һչ
κһһ޼һǿߡ
Ҳ֪вУ󡭡
һ
ʱϲòֲֿ˾;ף߶ڲԴϵΧʯʯʼͷϢ˲ͷâϽӡܿɾâӿΧ̨
뻯𸣵вٲ죬׻ĵòöɣȴûط֪вС
̨֮УǷӡķܵâʼ˸䣬̨¶ʱ³
ޱҫۣ˿׻𸣵صǿ
ǵ̣šаͨԶ޷ȼһ档

̨±ڣʱʯ
Уǰ׻طӡɣٴδ߶оһڱѣγƷǳ
̧ͷ⻪
̨ۣ֮ʱһɹƹ󣬻Ϊһ㣬Ҫܾϴ
׻ĵԣ·󣬵Ϸɽ֮׷ϵʯƶɣһ߶׷ϢͻӾ֮Уնֲ֡
ڴţ
ˣȻĿǰ޷գҿ׾ͽܵһ֮СΪһ֮Ȼգ˲佫˺飡
Ϊؽ顣
԰
ǳҪȻ󷨲óɹɾ׻ĵԣûгأ
һг룬ģ
ɲǼ˳󷨣ץһһƷ֮У
Ȼ󣬿еټ֮ࡣ
ٿ̨۷壬ֺ֮УɹâϢʱʱ˸ţδԤǰ㣬ܿ콫
ͣ
ൽڶ죬沢żȴš
ʱǾ֮ӿ˸˲䣬һ׵绯ΪУһϷ̨
һ̣оʱᱻֻ顣
ͣ
̨֮УһһΪ·̨С
̣
״Ӹ߿ͻȻѹ
ֹֻâ˳Ű̶£˳׻ϵ˲䴩۹â
ͣ
䣬̨׹˳ƶӿ֮У־巽ţЩʯʯʯɨκһʣԱ׹
쳣̵ʯͷϢʱȻ£ʯҲ޷ֵ֮
˿ǰػΪһ׹⳯ȥ
ûеԼӦƯƿȻ֮塣
ͣ
̼󣬳һƬӿ롣
о׹ҪһƷ˲飬ڵ׹һ׵粻Ϯ
ǲ
պϢһƬ֮£飬ȻΪһ齣Ƭл̺һ׵ڱߣֽƬһλ顣
һһƷ£ΪƬ
֣Ǳ󻯽һֱӻе˲ˡ
һƷȻв֮Ǹ߼
ֲֲһĻûȥݡ
ǵ
ͻˣһ컯ʿ˲˺飿
ŵһ£ҺԼҪ֮¡
صĿ£صľηһ̱κʱҪǿҡ
βٴνһ֣Ե֣Ҹ޷ܣҲ޷壬һ־ɥȪ
취һǿʵѹڶǽתһ֣⡣齨
ת˰Ե֣̼䣿̫ˣʱڣҲתƣ˲ᱻֻУ
ת֣ǿ߻綾Ὣ綾תƵʿϣ࣬Ըָʮһ˲޷ƿأͻˣԪҲֶ֣
ʱûиð취ǰ⡣
һìܡͷ֮󣬽ƬץһһƷôˣڴҲʧ
ٿΧ巽ţʯûжٱ仯ʯʯȻʧ١
Ȼһ̣ϯʧȥٴ߶֣ЩʯʯҪΪƷ
˼ڤ룬Ҳȥ״߶һûκθı䣬һּ˺ա


1010 ϴ
ˣҿɴ߶Сǧǿɱ˲䣬һתƵϣȻʣ壡
취ˣ
˼άǿģ侲һ뵽Сǧ
Ź֮Ǽӳ֣ȻҲȵȣӳڴʱҲִĹؼ
ǰ׻ˣܳɹִ壬ΪʱΪ޼ټһЩⷨϵֶΣǿܵġ
㲻㣬ҪΪ׻ʮǧһϵֶΣδջ𸣵Ľ׾
ʴ׻˿ִ壬˽Բɡ
ڤ˼һʱ䣬ץסһǿ󺣹ʬ壬һˡ
󷨣ӡ߶󣬺ܿâ·ӿ̨¡
â𣬳硣
һƬͻȻϯĻ˺ٻɽҡ
һֱ̨һ󱬷ɽ֮׷롣
һƵ˳ƾ׼һ˺ʬ壬߶Сǧָ⡣
ڴһƷʯ
ͣ
ִ󲿷;Уѱ⡣
ʱʣ֮Уֱپʯʯʯ⣬ʱӿƷʯ
ˣ
ָʱѸײڶ֮ƣӿƷʯǴ
һ׹ɲǸı䷽򣬳һ˺˿նȥ
̣
ʣ׹Ʒʯһ˺Ҳһ׹û
ʯͬʱ׹Χ֮ǰһƷһƷʯһʵﵽ쾳ĺ֡
֮ƷʯδһƷǰ飬ǳһЩ˺ѡ
ʮϢ׹ʧæǰһƷʯ˺ѳٺۼֿ򺣹֣ҲдѪۣĿġ
ʱͷ󺹣־ϲģƷʯӲȣֻܳҪһΣʩչСǧһЩ֣ʣҾܳܣ»ܵشٲһѪ³
ǳɹˣ
ʬƯǰϸϸţǧѿڣⱻпǹҲ󲿷жϡ
𺣹ʬ˰Եһˣִ󲿷ʬԻữΪ
沢ż֣Ǵʬ뾧ʯҪȻκβأɥ֮ա

ˣ
ӡ֮ʣʼ˸â
̺Ĵ󣬹⻪̨
һζҪɹȻҶּɵߵһʱ
֣
컯ϴ
ǻ𸣵ؾͷ׻ˣǰҲ˵컯쾳ʿҲҡ
Ҫ˶δ߹֮·̧ͷ˲䣬̨׷
֮ϣǻɽԼ֮У׵߳߳ϯĻһһ˸Ϊһ
һȴţʱԽǷݲԽǿҡ
߳߳
ڣһŴĻ˲䣬һУһпĻ׹̨֮ۡ
ͣ
·߷ǹ£ҲгƬȻһ׹γ֮ʣ·¡
ˣ
ԡɹʧܽһ̡
ɵ뵽ϼɽһ·磬κҲȲ׽ٴ塣
һĶһսԼҲûаա
ˣ
߳߳߳
û󣬴巽ſʼκʣԱ׹û
ˣˣ
żҲδʱĵ
Сǧ룡
Χ󷨷ͨͷâ״̬һӽ׹˲ָһ󷨵ȥ
ˣ
һһ׹ǿתƵһ˺Ƿ
Ȼ
ʣ׹Ȼ쳣ǧ汼ڳɱһ̼ҪûĴ
ͣ
׹Ȼ
һͷȵһʷһÿһ˿ߡ
ȫëҲǵ֨֨룬Ƥֶ˺ѪۣһֱȫѪ⣬Ѫ֮еľҲ׹˹
һ̾ûиоʹľ屻ɡƿأԼֻʶ
ȻܸӦѪпһЩϸ΢׳ľжϡ
һɲǣֹһϣҲûˡ
ʧȥκƣֻоû

Ϣڱֳ״̬µ棬ƤѪ˸֪һ֪˺߰ĲҽС
ʱ߿ѪƤҲѪ̶ʱΪһѪˡ
ŭХһ֮߬˫ȭʹ࣬ȻһſѪԼ
Ȼڻ״̬ÿ䣬Ȼ׽֮£ԴѪһ㣬ͨԪʱĵ±ţҲͷ
ͨԪδܵش


1011 δ
ҧۼֵʮϢƽϢʣĶǴ׾ʼ
鴫ˣˣͨԱжϣһҲܵش¶һδγشģ
ϵֻͨϸ΢Ӱ쵫ֲ̫ȻȺδ߶СǧĹ룬ҲܵشȻʹ࡭֪ΪΣһˬ泩֮У
ʹ಻ԶƤһδ̲ס
Ȼʹ֮࣬һָоƺ־Ѫƺʧˣտյģûһ㡣
ͣ׽壬γϵһϵѹǰϵΪҪȫͷţָо
ʹԽԽǿңκεطʹʼ
ϵڲʹȻӾ磬һԽԽ˵ɵҩ
ѣһЩҩԼ
κһ꣬컯ʿϴ衢ںϹЧԽ컯쾳ЧȻԣʮ־ˡ
ѪߣôЧͷǳ
׻ĵԣҪ壬ſʹᣬȻָٽܵڶδ壬ʹӾˡ
ԭϢȴˣҲʱʱ̿̽׻ĵá
ò鵤ڻһ޼ͷδһȥϳʱֵõ޼ͷʬ塣
ʱ򣬿ʱʱ̿޼ͷԪ񾫻õʱʱ̲̿䡢ָ
Ѫʴ˴ʱܵشҲõĻָ⡣
һνӡ󱬷â˲䣬𽥰ȫƤѪȻѪ̺һЩѪڴγɵʡ
ҺѪȻղŴ֮ѽгƬ
֮Сǧ컯֮
ĵԣִ壬ֱԿԼ־ִ֮һһʼһһ˴Σ
оĵãоηֲ
ϵ̫ѣ岻ǼΣһٶΣ׻˵ɽ·ǧ꣬ʮδ壬δһȫɹ
Ҳ׻źʱ䡢һ壬ôϵΪСһˡ
ϧûᣬ˭޼ڣ󷴶ɥǴս
߳߳
벻ڶ֣ڶ죬ͱ׷
ֶʱӿ̨£ֻѲϱӴ̨⣬ԡƻⲻ١
ͻȻûɲǼ䱻׹ٴΰΧٴβϧʩչСǧ
ͣ
һӿ򺣹֡
ʣһδǰ㣬ӿڡ
Ƥһ˺ѣѪ۱֮ǰһЩ̫࣬һЩ˿ܲסϵҲҶһЩ
ϵڴһЩѪͨϸ΢Ҳˣٴαжϡ
Ҳ֮߳߳һͬţ˲Ҳ㡣
β޶ԣǿʼԿƣһܿƣһδ壬
ֻ֮ܿƼƣϾ󲿷ֶ޷ƣܿƱȽ϶Ѫ⡣
С
ʹóХһʱ״̬֮У޲ˣһͷ­£ȻʲôʹҲûˡ
Ҫδ壡
ȴʮ׽ʧһЩѪһ֮󣬲鿴˲ؿռ䣬ֱСǧĴ󲿷֣֮ϵȫԴһӿ޷״̬
ҧ߶һοʼ׷֮
Ҳӿٶȿһֱȴȥ׻ƣѪߡ
ѪȼգԻָѪֻҪܿܿӶһ
ڵŽ١
ƺƴһûԼС档
Сǧһ֣׽ٵ֮Уַ˺ѷεĺȻһΣԿ־벻֮ܿһûⲿ־ӿһ֮С
δ廹޷ƿҪĴΣӦչӶʽ
Ѫ֮е棬Ӷǲ
ϼⲻϳ鶯ţɼܶ޷ʹࡣ
ǧУ
Ĵδ֮Ӧþܿһ֮ʼһһ̿ʼҪһ˴ִ壬ֵܼܲһ̣
ڱĴֲ֪ʱĲδõѣȻһˬУȫȻʹĥ


1012 ׽ٳһ
ˣִ壬ֱУʽΪԶط磬ҲУ
ʱʱ̿顢ͨԪ񣬹ҲΪֽ⾫񣺡࣬࣬ʿֻͨУһЩϵյأʿԼɽ֮УҽݣֱֻУټУ磬Ҳûм
ãǳ鶯⣬ɳһЩ֮ʿҲǳ٣
ϵʿﶼ٣оͲףκͨҪѣƻ𸣵ܳΪŴƷһԭ򡣡
߳߳
һᡣ
ĵ̫죬̫ͻȻһ칦򣬱㱻̨׷
ĵü¼ţ׻ʱ䣬ʮꡢŻһΣÿһִ壬Ը޼ͷشһ컯ʿȻڣִ壡
Ժд׻ĵãͣڱںС
ʱٴᵽѪʣСǧжྪס
׻޼ͷʱʮһΣ컯䣬һΣݡ
޼ͷ޷ȳ֮壬컯ڶ̶죬Ӷִ壿
ܾѪʣСǧϡ
Ѫʱʱ̿аκ˽һָ֮УҲѪʷǳ硣
ʣ¾СǧԴ߶ͨжȥһ֣ﵽ컯Գصĸ߶ȡ
Ƶ׻ˣҲ޷ʮꡢһδ塣
ͣ
գۼ䣬עתƵĵϣܵΧ׹̸ǶʱűСǧΪһиϡ
棬ֱʣɣƤѪ·ɫУи
ʹ˻ŭһʹֻܻΪһ£߰ûһɶ
ʹӺȻϲΪһѪȼ£ܿһһܿƿڳ֮һ֮С
ץָо״̬ͬ˺һʹ״̬Լȫֲ־һһӿһ
˵ˣɲǰ׻ָûྫʩչСǧȻĻǿ˲飡
ղʩչСǧںòԴǿɶһαĴ󲿷֡ʱҲֻӭѶϣ
ǴʱбȻ֣ĳط
ȵĴδ࣬׼֮󣬲ſʼ߶󣬽֡
ĵȴţԼʲôҲȥ룬Ҫϵͱ붥ǧһǰ
п־壬ŬԳӰ
ֱǰŬɹ
߳߳
ɲǼ̨ۣ֮׹˳ƶ£
̩ȻΧϤ˳ǰɶֻ߶Сǧб֮ǰȥ
׹޼ɵɱڣȳʱ˲ʹ࣬ҧڱ󲿷ƣһ֮С
һʱûʹ࣬Ϊ˲ԳΪһ磬ƼҪ
Ȼպÿơѹסһپĥδ顣
޷ȥգûɣѪԴ
ԼʮϢС֮УбɺˣȻϸӦ֮ྫȻ
ʱռһ룬㣬׽پⱬӵһ־
Ҳǳɹһ
ʣһ
׻ĵԭһ˴γҲϵԣ޼࣬׻ԣһһʿ뵱࣡
̫ҪһʿܲܳΪǿߵĹؼ֮һ
Ź죬ɲԴȲ߶󣬽֡
ݲϢҪһִһõʱԽ̣Ҿܾ׻ҲҪָƣҪ֮ǰϵʤݣ
ɫƶȻ֣ڵŽ
߳߳
ֿʼӿڣ׽Сǧȥ
ʹ֮ܣ䣬ֲòðʹཫǿƣڶ֮С
ɣ˿Ϊһδ壬ʱʹ˺ѷΡ
ͣ
֪
޷ʹ֮ʣԴ֮УȻһɶ֮Ϥľ綾ʴԼҧԺϯ
æһȣˣƣ֪ûѣ


1013 غ
ƣ
˵ƴڣǿ֮⣬뷽ѩֻϮ˽Ա֡
ԴѪһδγͷ֮һֱʵǱڴԷ벻һξȻ뷢ѡ
ʵʱԸҲûж취Ψ֣ͷΪµԴһãԴҲִʹ࣬Ҫĥ
˫ش
ѪƲܳԵӣ綾ҲѪӸϣԲơ
ҲǱڴѪ𣬼ϵҲҧǱڴԲ
îˡ
һ죬һֿʼ̨Ϸڵڶһһֳ֮бߣһʱҲ޷ơ
ҲȼִһһԦС
ɽһֻУһֻ̨ͻ졢һֱ
ʱҲѪʼţزǧҲȼ棬Ϊ
жԴԼǿʬأ
һ
ʮߵִһܳΪϵ
˿̴׹״̬£һǰ״̬࣬оһҲûԴ
¡
˭֪ڵȴ֮Уɿ죬ǾɽǷ񷣬ͻȻɱһر׳޴ΧðҲǳۡ
˰֣滹ǵһμ
濴ǵ׹ԶոɿҺòǳⷽ׹£ȻһԾһɺڰ̣ΪһŴ죬׹£һҧϡ
һָˡ
Ǻʲô
·һ
ˣҲˣҲɽĳطһͷԳԵеľ£ҲƬƸ߿ա
üƬûֵḷ́ʱʧ
ֵľεҲֻһ󣬱ϾƷһյأκ֡п֣ܳ
о߶󣬿ʼһ֡
ͰԵԣǻɽҾ֮У·һϻֿռ䣬־һδλӶ֣ʩԳͽ䡣
֣Ҫ´
һֻһδִ壬ʹ״̬£ȴӶƣһ
ÿһܴʱȱֻУСǧһʣɰ磬ɽ˺顣
һδδѪ⡢Ϣоڻֳ֣ʱʱ̴̿ش״̬ϸ΢δٳľ֮顣
̤컯δٵؿռ䡣
κһռ̺ʣԼϢһδ£Ѿȴʿٳʮδ֪ռ䡣
ƾһ㣬ʵֶξͱȴʿǿʮ
ⲻ츳
Ǿһδӵָ߶ȣִ壬Ŵﵽ״̬޼ҲȲ
ѪԴ󲿷״̬һ쾳ʿҲǶ֣
һδִ£󲿷ֽԱ飬һЩҪ̶Ӵ󣬼ѪܸܵմĽڲ
ϴǱ½ʼɸԻΪӿƶָһδζԿϴ
Һ״̬£ѪΨһҼ
Ӧͨڴʱ޷ʩչ
ΨһѪʣŲ鵤Ѫǿֵ
޼ͷȻҲһգЩԴζԿ֣̫ˡ
һֻ˲䣬ӿһȫһο·ҪѪ
·ֻһ˿˿㳹ױΪ
ϤѪ֧Ŵ״̬֧ڱ
мִ⣬Ҿܳ׻ˣһ컯漣
ʣµִѲࡣ
״̬£ʱʱ̿ոԴ߶Ѫ֧
һЩ˼о
ʼʵŽ˽⻹νռ侧ӡռںƿĵãÿԼȥһδвտ
ǿռ侧ӡᣬγɾӡԽ࣬Խݴ߶
һҪһ㣬ǿռƿµԴ֮УʮռɽȻƿռ
˿ռʩչһֿ


1014 ɹ
ϵͨҪֶ֮һͨѹ´󲿷ʿħε޼š޼ħڡзħۡŴִЩ˭Ҳ޷赲ٽ޼ڡ
ȼ׳־ġ
һ֣
ǰʱ⣡
Ͳһܽ
˯þʲôǣΪ̫ͬʹ֮еõѡ
߳߳
ִ̨֮ۺɱ˲仯Ϊһû
Сǧһʩչһֽ壬Ѷʹľ
ҧǿƿһ֮С
һһ̣һûлΪһڶֲϵ
벻Ʒʿ˲֮˳ɹδػΪһǿߣ
֮дѹ֮ʣҲܵʱǶô
һʮ֮ƻʧ˫һ֣ڲڿ
ҲտյȻʹȫÿ䱬
һЩԴԼѪɫ֮޼ͷʬ壬һա
ʱֻܿ鵤ָɿһʹ
ʲôҲû룬ȻȻõԴ䣬ҪϢ
꣬ųɹִԼһһֵס
ǰ׻ˣǧʱ䣬·Ҳ޷ɹ
ÿһ죬ÿһʱݲһ̹ɡ
´ʱʹ˺ѣ壬ǾС׼ףʱһƽٶζ
ڸԴ٣һǿʣһȫ״̬棬õָѪҲԽʢʼա
ܸܵѪز𻢵ȵȽڸգһЩ龭Ҳһ
Ѫڱȥġ
ϧ컯䣬֮ǰΪִӶ̤컯䣬Ȼǰ䣬ˣ߶Сǧ״̬ʮ֮һ޷ͻƣҪָ״̬Ҳǲ׵ģ
ȼѪɫ棬Ŷ졢޼Ʒ鵤óԽ컯߽鵤Ӷָ
һȴȥɫҲ𽥻ָѪɫƤ˺״̬Ҳϡ
벻һٶʯԳ״̬ôྦྷʯʯҲˡ
ڴӱˣҲͷŸӦΧΪΡ
ʼ߶־ʱΪΪ
״̬£ҪУڴ˿̴ˣһЩ飬Χһ㳯ⷽۼ
飿ȥǣҲΪҶ飬ֻѪ״̬ǻָΪܷġ
ʱ֮ʮʬĿͳ̨
ɵ뵽Ǵӡ
Ժƾӡ֮ͷţΧӦ
ͷŸӦȻһΧʮʬڿܷѽ⣺ҲδоӡϢ֣쳣
ȷԽͣ״̬Ҳ֮޷ӡ޷ʱѹƣӡϢŻͷһЩЩ
Ҫ
ֻһʵ컯쾳֮ͨʬúȥ滹һ˼ָ
ΪӿٶȣҲڴ߶޼ڲռǿʬ塢ʬ׷׻Ϊӳ֮С
ָǳˣ·һڿʼ⡣
Ҳδʧʬһ飬Ҫ֪ɲģһƷ
ʵ޼Ʒ˵飬һͷҲм
꣡
ֹȥһʱ䣬ָʮ֮һѪϸԴں£ʹʧȥ
ȻΧһЩȥպÿһЩƬ̨°¡
ԽԽ࣬æøӦһͫȫ𺳡
̨϶ָѺۣ鶼ǣһЩطΪʼ
ѵ̨һٶ֣ҲסҪ飿
Ȼ̨Һܿᷢɲǽģʧȥıʯ׹档
̨ɽۣ֮ǰСֺڴݲʯȭͷСѺۡ
Ѻ֮гϢȷڴ֮УһδػӶ״̬
ಣ
׷ȡҪڣ滹ԺС
ĿǰΪʵ޷Ƴָ߼
¡¡һһ̨沢δ£̼䷢ƴ浹ȥ
̨̤֮ڵһݡ
Ҳõڶ̨Ҳ֮Һ֮ǰʱ׷ȡҪʧȥ


1015 ռ֮
ȴˣһ޼Ԫٶ
Ԫ
ȻǿѰԪӦ
û棬յضв㣬Ԫ񷨱ܸӦԪ
Ҳ֪Ǻˣ֮ʱȻѪ״̬һʩչƸ壬һȥһɽء
ŴȻһǿߣʿ
ӦϢ˾Ȼ޼˿ʱȻһ£һϢ磬͸һϵϢǻľϢ
Īǻ𸣵ǿߣ
ˣ
ϵϢлľϢƷ磬ֻһ𸣵ء
ˣȷǻ𸣵ؾ캣𸣵سǿûټҲ֣
쿴˷̨ǷЦ޼һΪǰӦǶ䣬Ͳͬ˾޼ʿ
Ӧͷŵ£
̨Ϸڶ̨ѳױ̨Ҳʼζ
ǰǿߵȷбһЩϢڣб֣й
ԭǲϵϢ˶һ֮棬־Ӳ䡣
һɭɭʦ֣߲ơţ֡κ˴ţҿʮ֮ڣǵϸϸѰңˣһ¶ɲ룡
Χ֮ڽûʿҲزľԱһҲΣǰֵӦ
ˣ֪ţ֣
Եú˷ܡ
ţ֣
ֹԵ
ţ캣֮Уǿһʵһǧ򱶣ˣУйִ˵˶֪ͷĴڣ

ѽţޱߣӴһܽһɽͷյڷܣ
ղŻ𸣵ظ˵Ǹ߲㽫ţָס˵Ҳ̫Ȼ𸣵ѹ
ţ٣Ҳǻ𸣵ض֣ѹȻţɻ𸣵رϾǾŴ֮һЩܣܽţѹ
֪ţж
롭
ɽ𸣵ѹţ֣вɸ֮أǲȥ̽̽
ЦȻ죬ֶ֣ҲܷŹˣǿŵʳ
޼ͷ·֪ʲô
ҪָԴ㣬ֱѹĻһָܻһ룬Ȼǰһָ
ԭҪɱ֣
֮ǰȻͷ
Ͼ޼ͷеҲбʤգһЩ˿ɶǻ𸣵ؾͷ
˭ɱ𸣵޼ͷ
ҪɣҲҪʩչѿԼϵͨжྪˣ
ԭһ뷨
֮ͨǰִпҪʩչͨܲܶԸ޼ͷ
׼һᣬ̨֮ʣȻץ͸ϢĹϷ
ռҲǿ߶ıҪֶΡ
֮һռ䣬ͷųһЩͷžӨӡǣǿռ侧ӡ
ˣ
һû֮Уһʧ
ȴ˷ܡϲЦݣ߶ƿ¿ռͷڿռ侧ӡ·һռС
ִһռ·һһ⣬պõڶռͬǶڿС
ͷһף־Ȼһ˿ҲδĴڣһͷתǷȴȻϢûӰӣһ˿ϢҲδͷš

ǿռİԵ
氡ʵƿռռ侧ӡǷǳҺֳɵĿռʱ̴Ϊ꣬ҿ֮ش󣬲ȻҲ޷񼣣
컯Ϊ޼ͷȻûбԷ֣
һ޼ͷҲ
ˣܼ򵥾Ϊڴ߶̬򣬼֮ǰѪ֮һЩռ侧ӡطϣʹȻںϣһë״̬
֮Ҫһ㣬ƿĿռӵпռֻҪռ֮У߶ռͬʿ뷨֮ں״̬߶ռͬ߶Ȼ֮ء
ռʵҲǷһ֣Ҳò࣬Ψһ̺ͬռ羫Ȼ֮УӰ졢Χռ䡣

һ
ռͬʱȻͷʮ֮⣬־£ͷȻδڡ
һĻ뵽գ龳Щ컯쾳ǿʱǳַʽһĻ


1016 𸣵֮
Ȼ컯ΪԱֶ̬Σ޼ͷǰ޼컯ʿǰ
Ϊ룬ռڰǿУ־֮С
ȶ֣
ǰץס
Ȼһռ߶ǰɱ
ͣ
˲Ϣɱͷһ֮⣬ʱͷƣһ
ɱ𶯾
ͷͫſǰγɻĦ𵴣ÿ־벻
䣡
һâƣԪˡ
Ӻ󷽿Ծιâ˸䣬һڵ塣
׻
ͬһʱ䣬濴Ϊﵽ޼ͷԪû߶֮ʡ
ȴӳԶռ֮䣬һǿһͬʱһнǿߡ
ۣ
нֻæѰҼӰӵĵʱѴŴ͸
أ
Ȼڿ߶״̬Ȼ֮ûӰӡ
ͷнش˲䣬һƣӰͣ۷ݺдͷ
ֱһֳ̣
ں󷽣֣һ˵õɱһ˱Ԫûκ֪һ涼޷⣬˱ѹ
ָ֮µǿߣðѪĭӲ㡢ηҡҶ֣ҿǡǻ𸣵ǿߡ
ͷƣǿ߶ϴ󣬺𸣵غܲ˵ӣǲ£
潫ʬֱ˲֮УϿʼɣҪָѪ
ǡȻǿһޱȣڷӳ
ѩ治򵥣һ𸣵޼ǿߣܵһ۽ϳ
лģ
ľظǿߣ޼ͷǰΪɱ
ɢ޾ͷϳһ̣дʱܻⷬͨɱ޼һ䡢ͷ
ɱɱңͷܺ£ϾܸӦɱжԵ
ʣղᵽ𸣵ظ߲㣬ڿţ֣ô£
ͷǱϣʮͷڿţ֣ţ֣Դӡ־ŹУ
ԭѹ֣
𸣵ǲ򵥡
ͻأһںĪǡ֮ǰҼһƬӰ֣ĪǾڿţ֣߶󣿡
ͷʵΪÿ꣬ʮ꣬߶ţһ֣󻯽⣡
һǳѽ⣬ײкȵѹţ֣ܰɣͷţǰ캣ǰⷽյشţǿͷţУѹ
ѹţǱƻŶǿߣǧǰ֣ϣǿԼ󷨣ţֶ꣬Žͷţѹ˱Żкü䣬ţʵҲмܲסԼ֡
ԭûֲ֣á
ͨ޵УΪﵽ߾磬ժ죬º£ţҲǱžͷ֡
һ£
һ̽ͷʵڻش⡣
ɵʣӦʶԭʥѣ
ǿһʶǧǰžӢҲͬϣŵλ󣡡
ͨǧĺѩʶ
ΣԭʥͬţһòһŻ磬븣ز꣬ǧ꣬ˣǰõ֪˶Ѵصӣȥʤݲμ档
У˾ȥμ棿
˲Ż̫ޣڸؾڲ˫˫õһֵõŸνʥܵϹඥõӼ跨Ϊʮͻͽ˵ǸͨߣСʱżȻõԵʲôǱ½Ƿ½ѳɸһؽ硣
ͨõԵ
һԻ𾪺
˽ԭͨǧĺѩδ뵽ڻ𸣵أ
ɵûǱ½һĻĻʱͨǻڵһӣǱ½һš
˴С
ԭߣһǱ½õĳԵڻ𸣵һˡ
һ㣬ſڣǰأ
ǿηηβѹţ֣ʥȥˣ棬ҪԸʥħԼʮ߲Ҳɱһʧ
ʱһȴȥǰأƺʲô㣬ɲǴ߶֮ͨǰɱ𸣵޼ǿڣϤϵԼ
ʱҡһ䣬ӵл𸣵صӲеϢ
㣡
ǿٴμϢŵš


1017 ţ
ԼһʮȻһںǶʮ
ںһµǹµʱʱ̱֣̿𸣵ؽؾϷ
Ϊѹţ֣𸣵ڹµԼһضרţ֣ţ־
ڣȥЩ߲㣬˵ǿ飬ɱǧˣֶΣһͻȻǿߴ䡣
ǿ߼ں״̬󣬶һ˼æںա
ˣ
µһ޽ո֡
ǿ߽ӡóƣ׾֮С
գǿ߳ڹµߵѯʣ߻ʵһ죬
ǿڰѲߣµȺɽ֮һɽ̨̨֮һĵض
㾿ʲôǿ̲ס䴫
ȿ̨󣿡ڴ޵ػӦ
ǰڸ߲ţһ֣ʱӡ߲Ҫֻʮ깦򣬲ܽţɶ׽Ʒӡţ֣ҲشҪһʱָ
ţֿ֣ˣ
ţ֣ҲηǴţҲ޷ֱȥǰֲ
˵ţûӻǿߣˣֱ·عӡΪۣ
ߣ㿴ǵعڸ֣¼Լ仹и߼סţ֣Ǿ˻ҲǸרΪţִɣţҲ޷ѣ֮ˣһҲӳعԶΪش׽پ
ͳˣ㽫֪ڷӡعͳͳң
ã
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ʱӦڵعΧǧףֲٶ磬¾ǻ𸣵ظ߲㡢ϵ
ΧֻѲߣѹǿ֮һ
дڻ濪ʼͷŸӦع죬׾ͼǧ׵ع֮УȻһߵľˡ
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ǸӦţݣҲĴڿյ״̬ԱͿա
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ţ֣
ŵΪǱͷ֣ţ֣ͬǳ̿֡
Ը֮ǰȥţ֣벻Ӧ˲
ͷԪܸӦҵĴڣ
ţִԵúįֻǱѹˣδĿʧӦԱʲô
ǲǺ͸˻𸣵أ
޹ɷɷХϻ޲ý˺Ƭ޲ýһӳԵǻ𸣵صΪƽأһ죬һҪ𸣵أ
֪ʱжΣգٹĨǣԸɣԸһΪЧ
ʲô˼㲻ǻ𸣵ӣҲɵ
һϢǿʿǸ߲صľȻǻ𸣵صˣֻˣ
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ʱѹҲܾƾһ仰ͷ
ţҲסԵԪԴ֮ԱǣңҲܴȳȥ˻סⷨǻ𸣵רΪɣһƷϰ˻һΪԴԺ˻ҾҪңǲЦһЦ
Ϊţ֣ұԪֲӡһܿ㣬ҾٳҪԵ
꣬ƭһ
ǸЭ飬ҲһݳŵӦҲð㣬ɲɹǺ󻰣ʵŵԣһûѡ񣬷Ȼ𸣵֮·
ļƣ
ţ־Ȼһ̣΢΢̧ͷ˫ţǣʯƶ


1018 ˻
ͫ·ͬһѪ£ΪѪҪ˫ͫ
ֻǿһţ񣬾͸оؿռڲͨԪҲ΢΢ζ·ţһħ˲泼
ţַ֮־ǿ󣬵Ҳܼ̣ڱ£мо־壿
Ϊһǿƣɱκࡣ
浱Ȼо־壬ֻǱǿѹ
˭־һ桢ǰҲԵС
渺ֶúÿ£ʱ䲻࣬ѡ񳼷ңѡԶΪ𸣵ū
ţһ𣺡ܽҾȳȥɹһһʱ̵㣡
һþֶΣɲɹԲ֪ͷԪ񣡡
ͬˣ
ţŴͬʱԽԽĻԼǸ
Դ浹̫עֻҪֲӤħ̥󷨣ţǿָģ
߶Ӥħ̥󷨣ʱ·Ǿ޴ţͷҲ΢΢ͷһɴħΪѪɫţüȼԪ֮
ԭţ˰Ե޳Ԫ𣬵һ㣬ͳٴ
ӦţϤħϢɾţӵкǿħһһħ֣
еˣţ־ħ֣Ǵħɷⷽյسư꣬Ϊ㣬ʵǿɽԲѴ֮
ħ磬ҲֹһЩ
עԱ·ţֶħִڴа֮䣬ħǿҲħǿϲеǿѹΪֹǵõǿ󹦷ĳһֻǸӿֲһͷħ֣űУ֮Ϊ֣ɱʿ˺úħ֣ȸ߼ĺô࣬ħһǿ󣡡
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ħ½նɱЩħʿϣħоħϢħڽѪħŹҲõ㣬Ȼħܳڣϸħ֮޵ǿƷ磬Ǳ֮Ҳָ
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ںӤħ֮ʣţֵһЩõѪħص䡣
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ҲͷŸӦԼӤħ֮Ӥħ֮ʶһ̵ӤħţԪʱţԪռ䣬Ҫٱ
Ȼţ꣬޵ռ䡣
ֻţԪռ͸ǿ̶ȣҲͿħаָ߶ȣﲻ޵״̬
ţԪҲаɾ޴һЩħӤħӿʱԪδӤħһںϡ
ӤħӿħӡԼԪӡطһ㡢һؿʼţԪ
ˣ
߶ʩչ߶ڿռ侧ӡ·аػأ
а˻ǵѹ𸣵زδö󣡡ţֻӦһԵú飬ӤħڽԪ
ˣ
һԾ׵ع߶ȡ
𽥿ţ֣𺳱֮ǰĸӾĶǡ
ţ־ħаΣаϢҲǿƵ
ħۣҲ齻֣ӦаƣţһֻţǰоţӲȱһƷ̫࣬һƷӲҲֲֻţǡ
ţּ򣬷ţһ˿ëֱ۴ִίʵˣҾëӲȣҲһ̡
ħɲǣħһۣоķ·飬һαͿһ㡣


1019 
ֻһۣħ־ܸ˿ֲѹȻţʵѳٱܻ顣
浱Ŵؼ侹
ţֲһȣϢܽߣƷ绹мĵط֮УһЩʮϣҲǶ֣֮󣬱֪֮
·һЩ𸣵ؾ꣬ɵİ˻
˻а˵Ϸ˩סţֱӣԼӣǸ첲ùҲѪܵסһסһӱѪ⣬ƽţּǸס
ֱĥħ̾ߡ
ħѪϻЩߣ𸣵زѹֲ涾
ֶκò̡
ȻκʿҪѹţ֣þֶΣ涾Ҫϡ
һЩз֣ţһˮͰСѪǶһɫӡ
һۣ⣺ؿȻһӣΪϢ͵һϵ𸣵ض㲻
𸣵Ϊֹھ綾֮£Ѫͽ𸣵顯ӡദͷϢƾ綾ڴ߶ʱһұֻǵȻˣ޷ҵΪǷӡ
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ȻǺöƷؼϵպ۵һǵľ屦
ȻˣΪϵͲ࣬»𸣵أҲûжٸ߼ϵǱȲϿպ۵ռƷëǡ
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ñȻˣʱǷռ
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͸ǿϢ²δ߶һȴθС
ţִżԹ޵ǳԻ֣֮ϻ𸣵ظƶɣﵽ޼䣬뱾ʵ࣬˻֮ˣûܿʵӳȥ
䣡
νǵƷ磬վ۷֮ˡ
δ䣬ܴܵΪŴ䣬ж嫷
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ΪԸţͷ֣
˼֮ʣţͻȻŽɫٽЩ
ųϹˣҲڴʱ֮ǰѹǿߣҲڵع֮⴫
ಣ
ݵţִ졣
ţֻͽ
ԭ֮ٿ˲ɥδɣǹϽţ


1020 ɽ¥
첿һٷӲҲһƷ
ಣ
ͬʱƿӵعϷ
Ȼǻ𸣵ϣŴϿɲǲаšֳϣһϣʵλԳ´󲿷ʵЩϡ
漫ϢͷŸӦܿţǰƯš
Сʶˣͷʮʮߡ
Ȼʶˣ
ʱܣ㿴ǸѮߣ𡯣һͷǵƷ˶֪ľͷǻ𸣵һ̫ϳϣλ뻯࣬ͨҲù񡣡
̫ϳϣ

һ̫ϳϣ㵵شߣסò
С渵һһǻ𸣵شϣ滯ʦҲǻʦǴϣλ̫ϳϣʵҲȥ޼Ͼ帣صĻƽ࣬ΪҲ޼ϣ͵賤ʵ࣬ǿ٣
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СһֲֻţֻᱻѹԳ֣ϣţҲǵùţ־ڰٻĴ½Ƕǿ֮УҲǶŹľħ֡
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ͻȻ̫ϳϻХ㲢δηӡ־ϴ࣬ˣֶΣǻ𸣵ؿɲ
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˵꣬ŻħھȻħڶ֣ǲϣħڶһͳħ½һͳ½໥ɱܾˣҲǾŴϹħ½Ʒħ𡣡
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ã֮ǰΪ֪𸣵ظܣǹ⴦عԼţš
֪ǹ棬ԼŴܡ
ǿ˵оɽ¥Һγǣħ½ʥûϵʱԲȥ˼
ǾŴζԸ޼ֱӰ쵽棬ʦҲɳ½ôҪ㣬Ŵһɳ½֣εֿҲǾŴ֣
ʱŴɱػԴݿ֮ƣɨ޼йԶʥ½ġǬšҲ⣬ǰѻĴ½޼ţƾŴҲŹ
޼ɢޣǾң˶֪޼ϣŴػص뾡취ɱҡ
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浽һƷҲû׶֮ء
ţֻ죬³һСӣʲôأǲξȱȥʱʱ𸣵ػʮʱ䣬չطӡ׽

汻죬Ҳ̵Ȼţ֣ǰ׼ѹǿߣ취賤ɢ޾ͷӪʱɳ½ⷽյأҵ޼ЩǾһЩܶԿŴ̶ֳȣٿɳ½㣬ٻƾɳ½ǴգŴ


1021 ǿţͷ
뵽ͫþԺ󷽶ǵǶϲ
Ҫţ֣ȻҪӷ˻֡
˻ϢΪһӷ֮͸˿˿ۿӿ˻֮С
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˻ǧڣĥңѪǿʼںϣ˻ӵϢ𸣵ð˻Ҫ뱾Ѫںϣ޷룬Ҳ޷ӵعӳȥ
ȡ˻ǲˣֻҪӷһΣþԽ˻ǿ˲伯һ㣬˻飬ָܻɡ
Ҫ˻ѣСӣ֪Ҫȱȥж˰ɣ
ţֲɫӲδţܽ˻飬Ȼ뿪ع
»ʮɢ޾ͷҪӵعȳţͷ֣ҲǳΡ
˭֪沢δУ̩Ȼ˻֮ʣŲκ滯ʦʦϱɱ״̬Ƕ֣
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ȸԼŴﵽ޼鵤ã״Щٴ˻
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ȻѣˣһҪ˻ȳţͷ֣ǴӽԺ㽫ǻ𸣵УǲŹ㣡
𸣵ǾŴ֮һ֮ǰϾ˵ǻζԸ޼Ҳ뾡취ң޼Ҵʱǻ𸣵жǣƵӦ
·վ±ߣǰһԨһоŴǿߡ
Ȼˡǰ֮գ޷ѡ񣬲Ӳһ·
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⽣ͨа˻ĲѵײԾ֮˻ϵ
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䣡
һ˷Ҳ˻ϢںһҲҲڤڤ֮ѹ˻
Ű˻̣ǵ֮ͻȻըһ˰˻û

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˻δ𵴣Ƿը˿ֲըѪģ
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·ԵعΪµҲܿ컯Ϊ棬ճں֮С
һӱûĵع֮б


1022 ϼǿ
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үүڲ
ǵعϷ볾֮УȻһֻץƣֻһţǣҲ˲ơ
һţͷľ޹֣Ȼӵع֣Ŵ󲽷һžͽʯ顣
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˻ӳعȼŹԼħ棬ָڿ֮зžžƣ˫ͫҲΧһ֮ڣħ潫κ顣
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ʮ𸣵޼ǿߣΧһ
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̫ϴϻץһƣͷԸţҪõ޼ͬҪ޼Ʒǿ󷨱֮һаħ֣֮

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˷ģҵٶȱһ޼ͷҪ첻٣
ڴʱҪá
˸䣬һĨƮҡҷѩƬԼ֮УʬҪûϽʬڡ
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Ѫ߷ѪǿʬΪԴ鵤ȲԴȼѪ
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ǰһֻޣ·԰ٻĴ½ƺй죬ѹ˵
벻˼ִһ𸣵ؾͷ
ľ߸ʬ壬ϽߣʱǲߵĻȹµȫΪƽأʧںû⻷һ޷ѻ𸣵׷ɱ

һӰӹӿںʱ溣ˮڹµǹɱը£û
ɼԻǵֲһµһƬںʧ֮С
㲨Σִˣƺ𸣵̫ϳϻ𣬻ڹµϷӡ
δȥ׷ţ֣ӡпڵȴӦˡ
ಣ
ӰҲӺһĹµ߿գ׷ɱ


1023 ɱ𸣵ͷ
޼ͷɱˣŶĿͷһƳ
ǣȸһʱ䣬ںһָֻҪܿһ֣ɱͷ
һȡ
޼ʿȻǰȻһһ䵽ǿߣûΣա
ʮ⣬ӱըƱԵ뿪ں󷽼ʮںǹµԱɡ
ҲԦǧ׺ԾԾɱҲڲͣ߶Ϣ
һʱ䣬޷Ū޷϶һֻޣûйϵ
ǴǾͲŹκɵ㡣
˫Ϯɽ֮У׷Ҹϣյ֣ͷںܱҲ޷ͷ
һЩֵͿձӣǳ򶨣ˣţţҷΪ㲻߶Ӥħ̥󷨣ֱӽԪˣɱ˸ã
ʵ֮ǰһ̣ҲĨɱţ֣Ҳţжǿɱ֮ϧѹţ֣ħаڤϹ޼ħɢޣҲţֶ֣˭ɱϳǣ
ţ֣
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ԭ治ǲɱǲɱ
ɱã
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Ѫڲγɵ״̬˫һϣȻҧʹ࣬ʼӡ
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𸣵Щ޼ʬڣҲһЩϵ
״̬ʱʱ̿ڻ£ƤѪҲϡ
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ԼĪ죬澹Ȼվ
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ٺ٣͵ϮˣɱֶΣ
һһƬ̣ʱһƬմɭ֣ǻҽƯ߿Ȼγɵڱ

޼ͷ𿪻ҽʪ潹֮׷ɱӰ
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Сģ
ڶκ׷ɱ·ɱͷϷһɱ
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˴󺧡󾪣һͷ޾ӵƷҸأҲֻгϣʸӵƷ

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ɱ֣δ繥Ʒϣת˲䣬һâΪУԽһɱͷϷ

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ƲϻΪƬ֮޷ȫڵҲѹ޷
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ۣ
Ҳ۵ôһѪͲŻָһɣȫɱУ̫ۡ
֪ͷ֪ͨ𸣵ظ֣Ҳ޷ֹ
Ҳܿ˫һţû˺ͱ˲غ
ҡҡͷϧڵȻͨƷʣҲǵ㹻󲿷޼ǿʹã
ͨˣҿ뿪˵أƲϢ𸣵ػиɱǲŹң
һ£ٴνһ£һٵش⴦ʪ潹ʧȥ
Ϊ޼䡢䣬֮ǰ߸ʬ߳һ㹻ָܻɵɵز
ΣʱŻһЩںڵһ£ǸϽ
ʱʮȻɽ֮С
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ҵĻ𸣵ػٴοˮһա
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ѾܽˣСעٶȣԼʱ͸оӤħϢ벻Զ


1024 һ
˵ԶǴʱȻ޷յ֮Уһ˿ߡ
յȻʱʱ̱̿ţǻɽҾγ
ٹκȺԾһƬֺɽԼ侹һŹơ
ƾһɽƯţͻȻϷȻγһ𺳴ţͷ
ƣȻţйء
Ŀࣺħ̫ϴħʵڰٻĴ½Կɺɨ󲿷־
ȷ˼ˣѱӤħѹδҪǿԦɱħε޼ħЩ˭赲ڣǳڴ
ɲ뿪ڣһһԽֺǰɽۣ֮æס

һɽ壬ɽȻǰҹ
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ԽɽʮţͷƣҲܼһЩɱĹҫǷձ
Ӧǻ𸣵ؾͷΧɱţ֡
ţսǿߣ˻𸣵ûˡ
ԽһɽɲǼɽΪƽأǴһֻֻһӡٿʱƣ·һ޹ͷаüͷɱɱȥ
ԭ滯ʦʦ𸣵شϣϻΪﵽ޼䡢ǿϣͷԸһ
ţͷʮǷɽ֮ɱ𺳣Ҳʲô
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֮ǰţִƣ벻սԲϾɰǧǰǿ
ˣˣٺ٣ţֻɱشЩһȻһᣬ·ʬ壬Ǳţɱʬ壬Ҿָܻɵ߳ɣ
ȻˣǱذ֣ȻҲץʱ䣬˲ؿռɸ
ߣûʱǶȥ
հţֳԾʵɱͷŷɥ
ͻȻ̤һƣƿٳȥ
ҲûææǱ׷ȥ
ȴں֣ӷ֮УʬռΧػ֮Уţֽӡ
׷һᣬͻȻַٶȡ
չ˻ʦ֣
滯ʦһ֣׷ȥ
ִһϢϿռʩչ׷滯ʦǿߡ
ͷ沢δ׷̫ͬʱҲ⣬ţֽ̤Ӵܣֱһɽƶ
滯ʦŸٶȼӿһЩ벻ʱٶȷ׷ţ֣ţδˣҲ׷ȥ
һᣬּһ׽滯ʦǿڸ߿ս֣һƬƣţֿ£Ϊɾ޴ţħɷ֮ʱûͷ
ţֳƣָϽȥ
Ҫ׷ȥʱͻȻȴٶȣüһֱղǵɱʣ´滯ʦˣҿͬŲһͷﱧʬ壬ĬĬᡣ
⻹һͷ
ͻȻЦݣƲƲЦ֮ͻȻ滯ʦ
֮ǰǧףֻһ
ԽԽҲץס


1025 ɱ滯ʦ
ԭҪ滯ʦ֣ͷˣҲ̫ˣҴ򵱽⡣
һˣݷѿ滯ʦɡ
滯ʦͬʬ壬뱯֮С
ʱ𽥴߷벻Ҫ֮ʣ滯ʦȻһ˫ӣָһһ׹ָ䲻ɱ
ͣ
׹ڲǰǿռ䣬˺
һ飬һֳЩ޷档
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滯ʦһվҲ˲ͬʬ壬ӶƷǰһ̣ɱ˱ִ֣޼
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ѵ㻹ɱɣ滯ʦžŭ
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滯ʦжԪƬҲ飬䷴û֮ǰô־壺㡢ǺεֶΣĳֿռͨ
һ˿ƣ滯ʦǰֶΪͷֵ壬Ҿ͸㣬Զʤݽ
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ʦܣһҪΪ㱨𣡡
Ҫ뿪Ӻʮ⶯գһϻʦŭХ

߶֮ʱٽԦնȥ
߶Ӥħ̥󷨣ټֲɽ֮УѰţϢ
ԼĪһʱʱѰյ֮УҲɽغ󷽡
ˣ
һϤԪϢس֣ӿٶʱȻһϿȣҲ֪ϿǺεγɵģ·һжʮ棬ͻأγɶѴںӿγһĻٲ
Ͽ֮ҲЩγں׶Ԩˮ룬γɿУΧҲһЩʱʱð
ţֱĳ䣬֮ϷȻݺᣬ޼ͷҲ˵ء
׳׳֮һԾźˮٲϿȡ
ָϢԼ˲䷢棬ǷٶȱȲ
ײʱͷ߻Ϊ˰״̬ˮͻȻɱҲ⡣
һɽͷŸо⴦ϿϢ̫ӣҺӤħ̥󷨣Ȼǻ𸣵ؾͷ׷ɱҲҲţټ
ӤħΪԴӦţֲԺ֮Ӥħ⣬һ߶ӤħӡӤħᱬţԪ񳹵ɡȼա
ҶԴԣԪƾħ䣬⡣
ˣ
칦򣬲ڸӦϢȻתٲǧٲ󷽾Ӥħ΢Ϣ֮
ವشˮڲֲپ޴󶴿ߣһ͸ӤħϢ
ţָӦҪȥߣԶԶӦػ취Ըҡ
óռ߶֮ѿһϢܸء
Ϣ붴ߣƿʼĲͷڲܿʵһЩѪϢ
ǧԨܸоѪϢӣӤħϢǴֿɼ


1026 һȭ
Ҳ£һֱ̼
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̫ӴҲУײЦţְţ֣ϴζ̫Ρ
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ţִʱֺ֣֮ǰúֺܿȻС
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ţȭӡһ޼ɣҲʰˡ
޼ײ˲䣬Ѫ䣬ΪһƬѪ汻޼ײ÷Ѫһ㣬ӾͿ컯Ϊһ⡣
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һĨӰͻȻһƬ
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һ壿ڰٻĴ½
ţִű󣬾һɽͷѪĿ翴ϣֻСʶôҲͬ࣬Ҳɱ㣬Ҳ峤ٹ޼ʵҶ֣
һŭԾɱţ֡
꣡
ǱͻȻ飬ţһħɷڰսٶȾ˵ĺסһɽѹС
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޼һͻȻɱҪţһ׹֣޼ɱ֮ʣţͻȻһߣ߼ȻԵϧ޷߷ʵӦþ޼˰ɣ˵У

ţǾȻ޼Զ
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ƵһץͽȭС
ţֽȭͷǰУһʯ̫СȻһ֪ղһȭжֲﵽ޼䣬˵㣬ǻ𸣵Ǹһȭ£ҲҪˣӦ컯ƺ޼ƥеĸ߶ȡ
ϧôһˣǧѡˣž˼ӣʧҡҡͷ
ţѪǡҴˣϧʱҴ޼㡢ţֱѹ
⣬ɼΣ꣬δֲҪ࡭ţ·׼һȥ


1027 ţ
ɱɱ
ţȭͷ֮ӡһ㣬治оСȫڼӿٶѪ
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ʱ˿̣ҪԵģ߶Ӥħ̥󷨣ӤħǿţԪ
ԪٻţȻ
ҪţֻţúúõģΪãΪгưɳ½һ
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Ҫ޼ɱ֮ǰ
ţ֮ǰţǵһݺݽ޼𿪣Ȼ޼ִǧ֮ɱ

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ٴθоȫȼգʹҴСۿ
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ţȻͻȻӿѪѪ֮дѪֲֿ档
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ͻ֮壬һ಻ͨѪϢ֮С·ӵһΪˣѪţ˫Ҳڲ

ʱ˿̣һ޶Ϸٷ

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޼ɱôֲһԶţԾ𣬵֮ǰǵ̼䷢ֶѡ

޼ֿʼڵһʱ䣬
ɱţ֮ʣţҲȼŻ棬Ѫ𣬶һִħа档
ţѸݰ㹭壬ȻͻȻɱ޼һν޼ɡ
ţһҲ߼϶а飬֮ǰ޼͵ϮҲСӰ졣
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濴Ƹ޷ֿӦѴﵽʮɾ޴ѪͻȻֱͦ
ѪűţְһͷҲԶŹһ㣬ͻȻ໵һţֺѪΧն
Ȼţȭͷɱ֮УѪ飬·ָʶ˫Ŀ⿴Ѫֿɱţͷ֣һץ
ͻͻͻ
һڰɾ޴󱦶
ɶ񡭡
ԭڵһʱ߶޼
޼ڿʼһ֮ǰǿǲţֶԿһȴڴ߷״̬
أ
ѹţ֣
ţֿ޼߷ﵽԼһ޴̶ȣɵþòһ˼䣬ȭƶɽѹ޼
һδȭͷа취ֱɱţ֮ǰҲᵽ޼֮ʩչͨԿ޼


1028 Ѫ֮ٴɱ
֮𣿡
ͻȻԼڽɾ޴Ѫڣ΢΢ȣΪһж֮
Ѫ˺ѵطѪ̬£ڿϣһЩҲԶϡ
оûʹ֣࣬ʱܵʱ
оһů棬ȫҷգطһЩѪ˿Ѫ˿˺ѡѪ֮ʼ˿˿ںϡ
ϣ
Ѫ˿ƺһ뵽Ǳ½޼ǵ֮£޼ڽľһĻĻ
ںϰϣָѪɱ䣬ʱѪ֮һͬٻָ
鵤ԼǿҲܴﵽָֻٶȣΪλҵѪҺӵһɰԵָԴָ
ڻָ״̬֮УƽʱһҪָĻɴԴ
ɴʱһһָ״̬ҲܸоڸʬֻǺϢڻָ
ôһսͷղǲģĨɱţ֣־߶޼
ѪʱѼﵽţһ޴߶ȡ
·ҲΪһ
ھ̾ˣѪϢ̫磬ʵ֮ӣЩӡ̫ѪϢҲﲻ֮һֲÿˣ֮գÿνܻΪģӵѪʱʱ̿Ϊ˴
ǰҲδãӵѪԼҲúȻ
ӵѪȷɣǶᣬˣҸп϶ĸϱоǿߣַɵˣȻϲѪϢһʵۺᣬѪҲ̶ֳȣ
ʵҲǹ¶һֱ֪ĸ˭Ѫһ죬һδѪʵҲԼҲһЩܡ
Լ˭
ǲϼɽɽҰСӣ
ֻĳ壿
䣡
ţ޼һδɱţԼħ֮Ȼ޼ɱѽѷ֡
ֲ캣𸣵Ҫ֣ܽѹ
飡
˭֪ţִŭһƯһӡ
ǻ𸣵ؾϵ顣
߳
һ顣
ɲ֮УȻγһ׹⣬ɱ޼֮ϡ
ţףسХѹǧ꣬Ϊǰװ׹ڣƷ޼컯ʿҲԴ߶޼ѹ
飿

Уϵ֮˶׻ס
Ժˣţͷֱʵ޼⣬飬µĺܴղѹϾʵٱǧ
ʱʰˣѪ£ƻָɣܴ߶󲿷ͨ
ͻȻʼӡ߶Ӥħ̥󷨣ţɱһߣӵͷˣӤħ
飬ɱ޹ֻΪԼѹ档
һ߶֮ʡ
˭֪һħɷƣ¡ͷһ֮ƿʼǴͫԪϢ

ţֵղҽУƾΧٵطݡ
Ҳ˫ֱͷɽĿҪ룬Ҳϡ
ţֵǿ󣬵ƾ޷⡣
ţַ㳯һ̵棬ѪȻΧʧ
ռ侧ӡ
ּ䣬ͻȻɱ׹ǰʧ
ţ֣ҿɲɱ㣬Ҫɱ㣬ܽ
ţ˿֮󣬸ʹ໲ҽУҲ޷߶ħҲʧ࣬ʹÿҪſڵϡ
ಣ
޼ϷͻȻѹţͷ֡
޹ȻıѹɴʱԪӤħĥգ޷ֻܿǺڶɶ
ţ֣Ҳû֮ǰǷײУƵģ޼С
ʱһţѹĺҲţֱѹħʧæصߡ
æ´Դˡ
޼ڣܸоһ˿˿ħ͸벻ţǿ˵زõ޼һѹǿߣǿϢ͸һЩ
飡
һ׹䡣
ץס֮ȼվϲƷϵǻ𸣵֮һܸϵ
ҲģøϽ뿪ҸطָȻ𸣵ǿ˵
תҪ뿪⴦Ԩ֪ΧͻȻƾһСֶΣܽͷСţˣ
˭
Ȼ˴ڣٴп˷ѰһҲҲӰӡ
ڴˣ
Ȼ󷽺Ȼһ
֮תһλͷ׷̣ݾѮߣ΢΢ձƯڰУûһϢ


1029 
ûƣ˲ƾƯ
һ֣
澹˿ϢҲоԷ˿⣬ѹ𺳣ȭǰ˭Ϣ
׷̺ȻŰ׻룺Իһ
㡢ϺģĪҴ⣬Ϳ
ţΪСţ̫ĵ˰ɣţֻ꣬ȴСţ
׷̵ֻ·뵱ǵˣֻǸպ·һϷ벻ҲܽСţѹȥɽͷþûģ
ǣ
ҲӰ
ʵʵŰ׷̺󷽣һɽͷлһϡͿģΪͻȻĳһߣ
뺮֪Ҳ֪
ˣ
ѣǧĪ׷̣ΪѴﵽ˺һָ߶ȣĿǰǲĴڣоҲ֡
˰ԵԭֻǾð׷ǿأҲԼҲһ⡣
ȻһѣҲһִ⡣
ôǿߣ޷Կģո޼Ҳ޷߶޼ţѹ
֮ѹţ֣֮ǰֲӤħԵʣûӤħĻҼ߶޼Ҳѹ
´ˣ´߶⽣״̬£Ҳɱţ֣
ΪΣ
ţٶȡԾԳԽ㣬ʴʩչ⽣ֻŷţֲɱҲʶţ֪⽣Ե׿֪˴ʱ޷߶⽣ͨʴ˻ʩչԶ̹⽣Ҳɱ
渵Գİ׷̣ʵţ֮ϣ㶼޷ţֺ֣ܿһͷ׷һ߶ͨ޷߶
ԭˣ־ͷֻ޲ߣ֪˼ͬʱͻȻǳʧ䡣
̫ȷ
ɵϲߣ֮˽齥ָ
׷ǰһˣ£Ȼֳһץһɻ֮ȼգƾһЩˮץ
һһپոսķɽͷ衣
ʵǱﲻסСصĪ캣ɢ޾ͷ
ȥãĺΪң·ܲ͸뷨պò裬浹һ
Ҳþܾô࣬һСڣȻʱѪϢȼգٴƻָ
벻һڲѣЧ޼ƷʵҩҪ
ֱȭ񣺡иˣл
ܼҲעҲԵ֣ȶЩСţнǿ̶ȣ޼ǿߣҲ׽ѹ½֮ϣָľ֮һ
׷Ȳˮź룬Ϊ컯䣬Сţɱ֣þҲһݲ
ˣ
ϯᵽͷֲ֮ǰƺͰ׵ˣڰţֽ֡
һֵ⣬˵ԼСˣҪɱţ֣ҲǺ¡
˼̫أклõ̬²ÿ˶ϱ
֪ߺȻ͸һϣΧϢ·̣һ⣬δоʵΪⷽǿߣô죿
ʵף̫ңԶ뵽һ죿ҲûģԳΪһǿߣ
ôһأ׷ʡ
ʱ˿̣㲻Ӧ˼һŵΪǿΣ죬ˣᶨһĿֹ꣬ⷽ޷ңҪȥ׷ߡԶĵط
ֵӵаħϢȥ³ΪǿҲ߻ħҪ֣֮
ΪаҲ֪Ҳ֪ô
Ҳ֪кΪа
ԼʶˣΪ໥ɱֱ֮ˣ֮±׼ֲаνʿΪˣֶΣα֮Уͬ㣬ɶٵ໥Ⱥ֮˽ܳ壬жٵòȻ֮øаֶƵƾ綾аҲ֪Ϊа
ʵаħ֮ʿȺһɱ޹飬Ӧúܺа
Ҿǰֻ˵һ֣ﶼɱ¾ﶼѪȣǷĿɱһ·񣬾Ѫȷ磬һֻһǾ淨򡣡
浱ߣԼʵ뷨ϲݽ棬Ϊ棬뾡취ʿΪɱԽֶΣΪǿ׼аħҲ棬ȷѪ꣬Уûа֣֮׷ǿȨǶ֮У޷ȥжаħааʵͿģĲ֮ͬͬаֻһ֮䡣


1030 ִ
׷ĥһ󣬱΢Цһڲ裺һۣаԭÿѡѡͬɽͬߣɴ
գǵȾأˣЩӵʵӵеλ֮ˣˣֵģɱˣҲҪ¶ȥǿ߲ʸаֻſڿӡҲΪλЩǽЩ
ܽ硣
ڴ˿̻ˣ͵Ҵδ˼ҲҰģϣ㲻ᱳۡ
Ǻεȱ
²£ˣҲɽύ
Ȼۼ䣬Ӱ٣ڵ𡢲豭Ҳʧһֽڻʽʧøɸɾ
׷գҲӰӡ
оκͨԼƿֶΣ޼־ͷҲܿһЩߣ׷̡
治УӰ˷һӰȥ٣˾úβʵ
ֳ֣ʵԽǿҲԽˣҪȥʤݣܼپͷ
Ҳ˵棬Ŀǰһǿߡ
뺮ʧȥ
ɽԵյأԭҪȥĪабҵһ֣ʼˡ
Χݷ֮ǰҲţˣԴɣ޶ƻָܿ
ʩչ޼룬һμɹʵɱ䣬ϣҲܼ롭
ú󷨣Ƭմ룬Ҳʺϲ
úú޼滺벻
ͷ޼ռ䣬Ȼţ֣ţһδι󷨣Ȼڲ֮С
ţ֣һ컯࣬޷ѹ㣿أһûʰ㣬漸ϣ
ţֻɱ󷨽ţ޷߼󷨣󷨿ʼ𵴣б·ű뿪ƴʵϷҲҶ֣
ӽˮֹ򣿺úɣúʰ㣬޼ߵƾҲ
ع֮ڲʬ⿪ӡڱȼա
Ϣʼ߶Ͽգؼ䡣
治ԴΪ֮ǰͻȻѪ䣬ƻָɣҲ̫żָܻɾܴ߶󲿷ͨ
滯ʦΪ𸣵شϣȻӵһϵҲд
û֮ǰɱͷ滯ʦ
һϣʵħа޼ħ޼Ͼ֮ϣһӵа˵Ӧûкܶ౦
ҳö䣬üһƾʧˡ
һöڣڲǸֱһмʯÿ׻
ؼԴҩ̫ˣ㹻һʱ䡣
һöһЩҪƷ粻Ի𸣵طԼĵá
ĵûйڽ׾м¼̫ˣϵͨȻо޴
ƶӡţ
ֿһӡ
ڲһЩڲͬƺǾʯ죬Ǹϧʯ
ʯҲʯһ࣬Ⱦʯ߼ӵдͨø߼󷨡á
Ϊʦ滹Ƕ֪һЩʯô
ͻȻ⣬һ棬ĸִ֣ˡ
ѵ
뺮ȷִ˷νǵǿһˡ
͵ִɾŴɣҲӵвٵɢޣһǳذΪ޼֮ϣݺأû֪˭ִһԱʱֻһЩʹ߻Ǳڰ˷½֮У벻滯ʦִһԱݵλͰˣּӵִˣû˸ҵǣҪִ׷ɱͣ
ָƣӵ޼ǿ𣬾ѳɾŴУ׷ɱΣ½زˣҲԹſɶأ滯ʦִ˵ˣҿɴδɹǿߣ
ǻó鱦ͣǸ߼㲻ִ˳֣ʱҲ鷳ϣ
ʮ⴫
Ǿ仰ˮڣӡãóһЩԴɡ
ʼ滯ʦһַץһӡ
飡
麬֮󣬾һδδϢȻܸӦڣΧ֮ҲۼһЩΪ֣Ϣ֮е־
Ϣһ˿˿ؾۼȫ׻ҲҼУڶʱ̴̿׻Уγ˺𵴡
ڼΧԳΪʮɾһʱʱΧ˸һ־ֱƤ
ϵͬϵϢڣ˺ƻȻˣҲ㹻˴ʹ֮С


1031 շţ
滯ʦ̫嫣ǵһ޼־ͷҲһЩѪûȥС
ָֻһЩﵽ߳ɣ滯ʦһͷ޼ɵţʣһƳΪѪ
ƹƺܶʱȫָһʱ䣬Ȼû˿ջ񣬵Ǵʬ岻ϱգμֲջ
ռ䣡
Сӣ
һţְһԪռ䡣
ţ˺ۣȻ֮Уϻвپ綾ڼɢѪŶһѹɱ⣺㽫黹ٸԴῼΪЧ
̸
ƲƲ죺ǲײĲᣬҪ𸣵ĥ㣬ʵʵ
ߣִڣһϣ׵ͷεºܣ˵ﻰ
εºܣ
͸棬ߵͷô
Ѫ
ʵ
ǾĿԴ֮󣬴ѪƬǳǧѪӿţΧ󷨡
ЩѪ̬ͨĥţһ֮Աǡ
أ
죬ţħȻʼ˿ڲܿɢֱնȥţƤ±Ѫɡ
ţּӡϢϢǲϱɶħ
֮ʹˡ״̬ҪڷѪʼ񹥻󷨡
ԴӶҲڻָ֮Уֻᣬţ֪
ţʵڲԸװʧ
УðҲӦ㣬㷴ţ̸֮ǰʵҲӦ㣡ûһ㣬ԪϷƯš
ţתתȥ̧ͷ棺ԴָƣֽңԺñūԴҪԴǰԴ
ʵΪЧңȻʲôȫ㣡
̬ȾͶˣ岻ܱСһ㣿
ˣ£αҪС
淴ʵò֪λش
һ޼Ʒ鵤ԼâΧţӿ
Ƚƻָٽ㣬֮ǰ
ͷǧѪ³аϢ»صӡڣţֶѪ
ȡԼţã鵤
ȫƻָ˳ɣ㽫ġ
ȻһμɹԺÿһνܳɹûջ񣬶Щʧ
֮ܿ쳹뿪ɽ
سԵ
Ҳ캣һ˽֪յأǱ½ҪһڲдںǺںൺ졢½ʱʱ̿ƶʿУʧ
߶ĪаӦҲ֪бڲ
ʦ֣
ȴԼĪ죬㴫ĪаӦǱһϣֽںΧס

Ҳû룬ǰ֮ںƽǼӿٶȣ֮С
ΧӦʿҲУòϢء
ȻʮϤϢһ߿գҲٿȻգҽΧʿء
𸣵ǿߣ
ٶȣЩϢ˸ء
𸣵޼ͷǰ޼һ
ֱӴ߶ֳӰ
ĺÿ죬𸣵ضسԵӦԷӽ
·ȻˣǸһЩµһδγеĺܴﵽףӺ֮УʱʱܼһͷͷѰ
ԽһһṦ򣬷ֺȻʧˣӦ֪ʧֻźƶһƬ֮С
һ·ӿǺƬյκε졢½Ҳʱʱ̿ƶ֮Уֲó֮ΪسԵ
󣬺òسԵ治Сǰһ޴죬ڵ찶߾һͷͷðͷŵһС
ӦǵдʿϢš
óĪаӦʱּһЩʿʱʱ֣ܶʿơ
ǣеҲڹһʿѰʲô
棬ԭҲǻ𸣵̽ӣյ֮Ѱټ
ڴʱٴʦ֣ͷϢҪСģƬںвٺ֣ڵڲвٶԨڼˮǰǺֳѨ𽥸ɿݣЩֲµĵУγ𵰣̺ǿϴʿͻƾ硣
𵰣
˼벻⣬̥ݣҲ̫档
ĪаͷϢֻԼѰң;зһЩҲȥֵ϶ȡ𵰣ĸЩ˺󷽡
ԽٺԼ󣬼ڼһǱ½ľ޴졣


1032 
캣ܼ֣һЩֻΪ˰ģӺ̤ϵ졣
뺣գΧǺȳϢ֮ɢţַּʿ뵺죬ǿе֪ǧ֣ڲ𵰡
ֺ֮УʱʱܷһЩϢʱֲٿӶڵ棬γ鶴ԨٶǺˮΧЩӶ֮кˮǳƽ
ȻЩԨ֮УϢӿһЩʿǱر׷ɱ־࣬ڿӶΧա·½ҲΪֵ̡
ٺֽǰ˰ޣʵҲ컯쾳޼֡
ĪабҲЩһԭ
ͷ޼С֪𵰣
˾ͷѩ˵캣һ½ΪĵرЩʵ⴦յغܶطԨУ̫࣬ҲǺΪǺܶǰԨ£ĳЩԭЩδ֮󣬳Ϊͬҩĵر
Ҳ˵·ӶԨǰẠֵ̊́Ż𵰣
ЩӶǰֿĳѨ治ѩǰҲõһöֵܸߣܵõһţƾָܻҪСģҲѰ𵰣ɶǴںֲƸߣ
ԭˣ
δóóȻͽ·ӶԨĪаӦ
ͷһЩ޼Ϣʦ֣һʿ׷ɱĿǰֻϢĪаӦܿ͸оһ΢΢޼ϢӸ͸
Ҳʮ⣡
׷ɱ࣡
ͻأ䣬ǰһԨȻһ֧ӡ
Ǿӽǰ˰޵ĺ֣ڽףֳ汦ҹ棬سѰҶȥ
ֲĪаԼ޼ǿбҲᱻ
濪ʼʩչ˲ͷΧռ侧ӡʼͷž⣬־⿪ʼһػΪ״̬ӿȥ
һЩ֮Уپռ侧ӡίʵ
ʱδ߶ռѱëΧ·Ĵڣ崩
ܸоӵƴ½Դ羫ȻҶںϴ½ԴҸȻںϣ
ʩչ֮Ϣ֮Ӷȥ
ԼܸӦĪаϢǰӶ֮УһϿһԨ֣δü࿴һۣ־Χ֣һǴԨ
һߣҲǰ˰ޣʵȻﵽ޼սǳǿҲɱԨ֮С
¾һ䡢ǿߣҲսʤǿ󺣹֡
ʦ֣
ĪаҲӦϢʩչŲٺԨĪа
洫ɵõ𵰣֣ǾɱΪǿ
ߵһţַһţ׼ֶȡȻ뿪
ҹǣСģ
ƺĪабʲô뷨ӶԨΧʱ̶ǺӰӡ
ǧԨָоʿϢӿǧڵײ֮дУǴͷôຣ֣ҲһɱΧ
Ԩ֮ɿݺӵʯͷŹӦһӵڼ߶ϢӺƤ¾ЩֽδһӰӡ
ΪʤݽȻҲǵͨ
ӵּϰٺһͷͷڲγɵһʿ޷Ӧ
˦󲿷ֺ֣ʱ˹ǡǺǼͷֿӹƺѰʿټ
ӦһЩʿϢڻǰܺ׷ɱ
ʦ֣Ҹһؿ֮УһԪĶ
ԽӣѲγԨռ䣬֣֮ûжʿܻųȥ
һ𺣹֣
ʱһ˷£ԼֹʯԨʱͿĪа棬֪мʮ𺣹ʱʱûһ𺣹ȻҲǰ˰ޣĲ̫ӴֻţЩֺ֡
ȻֻǱ߳һּΪᣬԵͷŶоʵࡣ
·Σ˵ģ𺣹ʵҲûսʤ
ảͻȻɱؿߣĪаб
䣡
ը죬濿һЩֲĪаб֣⼸ʿ֣ٶȼں׷ɱ
ʦ֣
ʱоһĹ̫ʬǡ
Ȼ󿴵һϷţ·һЩֻͨѰš
ȻʧĪаб
˿ȥЩˣأ˽ʱһļðˮ֮УӦԼһĨͷš
ĪаӶȥʦ֣𵤾ǡԨؽˮ֮У


1033 Ԩؽˮ
Ԩؽˮ
ĪабһɵһᣬҲԭǵԨؽˮһЩԨ֮زУӵо˾綾븯ʦϴ
֣
бȭԨؽˮǳ£ٶ̫죬޼ͷԨؽˮҲȾ綾һ£ֱ˲ᱻɾǿӦ׹УΧֲ٣Ҳ޷ȡ𵰣
˳ƿЩѹѹԨؽˮһЩֲʱûֲ٣ʵҲǶ쾳컯
бֵĪа棬񣺡Īϵֲܾ£֪㲻κξ綾Ҫõ𵰣ÿֳ֣ʩչͨҲᱻԨؽˮʴܳһʱ䣬Ҳû취
ԨؽˮΪϴʣʦ⣬ܸʴʣ˵Ҳв޼ǿߣУ취ȡ𵰣ǽЩʹӦ
ʦ֣ģ
ĪаЩ̣֮ǰԹԨؽˮȷǳ£ҪģûаգǴʱʼ뿪
ҶԵԨؽˮȤ뿴ж£ߵһЦ
Īа˵ʲôбȴһҿаգͰ֮ǰ˵ģֵȥԸ֣ߣ
ףǽóû뿪⴦Ԩһ·ҷﵽ޼ʵ֣Ҳ֮գҵõ𵰣ϣ
ģ֮ǰٴζбӿ̶ȥһЩƺ쳣
ڰеˣҸобƺõ𵤣
ȥӰӣ浹ɫӼȻݣ˱ȷʵпܵõ𵰣б˵Ĳ٣õö𵰣һһţҲȥһãǴ˲֪þܾƺӽҺܶ飬֪Ҹûоܾɡ
Īǻ㣿ȻҲ
ֻĿԽ壺Ҳʦ˵ԨؽˮϧֻʦҵԨؽˮҲ⽣𣿳⼣Ԩؽˮԣ
ԭӦбȡ𵰣һԭ

ڲһԨռ䣬ͻȻҴܣűǼòʯ׹¡
һЩʯ׹ԨؽˮȻʴ󲿷֡
ȷԵ
һͷͷԨһ׷ȥ䣬̶Ԩؽˮðźɷ֮ٶȺܿ죬𵤴ʯ֮С
һ࣡
𺣹ִһԨðһͻȻ䶾Һ
ϴμղٴʬ壬һצɱҺ顣
ַּ䣬޼𺣹ѹȥ
֪໲ҽУҲܣ޼ѹһС
һâ֣⽣
ǿڴ֮£⽣أûԨؽˮ֮С
Ԩؽˮû⽣δʴˮ֮С
ô£ѵԨؽˮûд˵֮ô£
ִӸץһ׹ǣշԨؽˮ벻ͱ̸ʴһɶ
ǵԨؽˮ⽣̫ԵϷ⼣ӲҲԨؽˮɵķΧ
ɱͷһˮڴԨؽˮ⽣ֱȻԨؽˮ޷⽣֮ϡ
໣
Ǽͷִ⼸ڰԨɱ潫⽣ģúԸЩ֡
ȡΪֱƷɱüͷֱͷܣǶ֡
ֻͷѪǿѪܾ綾ʴӶȡ𵤡
ᵰ
˼Ƭ̣߶ѪһЩѪѪ֯ɣΪһӡʼûԨؽˮ
꣡
벻һεԨؽˮظʴѪ𣬼ҪѪû
Ԩؽˮ֮УҪһЩȻ޷ʴ⽣ʴҲﵽ޼䵽֮䡣
ٴδ߶Ѫ𣬼ӳУ챻ʴѪɫӡȻǿʴ˺ɷ֮УԨؽˮ֮вץȥ
ɹˣ
Ҳܾˣһε£ѪѪҲʱȡ𵰡
࣬Լֻ
ͻȻӿһ𵴡
ԭ֮ǰ㺣ִŴɱ
ʩչЩֿ֮󣬱㱻ס
һЩֱܻ֮õɱ
ͨԣͨʽҲܵһʩչͨ
һƷ󲿷ֲֺǱˣǱɱ
̶ʱ䣬ʩչѪ𣬴ӵԨؽˮ֮ȡ𵰣ຣִӰ˷Χ
㺣֣ҲԳֶԸڵǹɺХˣѳУºɱƷǿڵҲ޷ɱƴС
Ҳ׼֣ѣˣ㻹ʩչ޼Ԩؽˮһ֣׵õ𵰣


1034 
ǰ
ԨؽˮͿȡЩʦԷϴ飬ԨؽˮܸʴʴҪ߼ܽԨؽˮȡ
и߼꾭£ԨؽˮҲһ㸯ʴЩʦҲֻռһ֡
ɷ˵޼ɲƯ֮߶֮󣬾ſ죬Ԩؽˮ롣
汻˵ˣԨؽˮ޷޼ڲܿ챻ӡС
Ҳע⵽ռ䣬⼸ӡռ䣺ڲֻЩԨؽˮȫ󷨣壬޼ǿҲκεԨؽˮϸʬܣϳǽر
һ磬ţճХñȥʰЩ֣Ǽһ̵÷׷ߣ
Ե⣺ڻسԵҲԵÿ
˵سԵյش˭µģЩǿ⣬ߵҪһ𣡡ţɭɭ
Ҳǰƣʲô
ֽ黹ţ֣ԴҲϣţʱڻָҲúֵʳ
ͣ
Ѫӡڸʴ֮УڰԵشץġ
ΧԨؽˮҲвٱ޼ող׽ģΧѾۼǧ
׼뿪ʱǼɱַһ˫۾Ͷ
ڴһͷ߱ϣȻһ۵ꡣ
ɲ࣬񣬵ƤںڷƬܲȫ岢׳ֺܹ޳Σ͸źֲеȳ
ʱͻȻں󷽴𣺡һ壬߹ڽɱ
ǣֹٶȸ죬һһγɷУû뺮
ʵٶȣ֮£ʵܴﵽָ߶ȡ
úƷɱ˶Է
ˣ
æʱͷ׳һռ
ţּԦɱ
ͻȻʧڴ߶Դռ侧ӡԿطʩչϿռͨ
֮ƿĸռ䲻ʧ׷ɱشֺ󷽳֣һָĳһָ̬׹⣬Ϊ˺ѹƣӺɱһ䲻⡣
꣡
˲Ϣ׹ûʩչĿָҲԻ𸣵ؾѧڻڣҲиͨ
Ȼ֮һ
ڰ֣ڸ߿մϢں󷽣ֵϵͨҲ޷ʵɱֲ

䱻ɱϵͨ£ҲشֻͻȻûӰӣȻȼ档
ۣ
Ѹײڶ֮ƣ˲Ҫ¡
뵽ǣ⽣ǰ֣ʱ⽣ǰ޷㿪Ϊܽͨû⽣ǽ˲䴩͸ӡ
һ⽣ͱѪģҲ̿ʹڰ໲ҽС
ں󷽳֣Χɱ࣡
ͣ
ٺͬʱǧ⣬Ϊģɱ޷赲Ĺˡ
ͻȻ߶ռ۴ﺣֲŶɢ
˵һûռ䲻ˡ
綾£ǰһЩ֣գ۱һâɱУ¡¡ըȴǺ˳֡
𣡡Ҳ򵥣Ǻ߱ϣ³һȻһ͸ķɽ
ҲһڵͬΪڵһ
ݣ
ץ꣬ҪѰټҲͻȻ̳һâ
ɱ
ת˳һȻűֲָһ׼ǿػâ
¡
â֮жȻ⽣ɱϷһ棬ǿ飬ƤѪģ
ӣ
⽣Է֮ƣ飬ѸҪһնɱꡣ
־ػ֣ɱңҿԸܶ౦أɸƣ㴩򣡡
ݣ
⽣ǰһɣͣ¡
ϣɲγһѪѣɼ⽣ô¡
أܴƣ滹һѹס⽣ȴýָŶԷüġ
͸ŲҲ͸ǿʢâԣӵкܶ౦أɱңҾ͸㣬֮еΣһƣ󲿷ֺּƣҪΪУ
óأ涯ˡ
ԷҲʵٴ³һһö䳯Ʈ
ץס䣬ûƣֻΪһӡ

ΧЩ֣ŷȻ룬ɱΧв㡣
׼ǰһһ
һȾкʵԭأ˭Ҳǰʩչơ


1035 
һ봢䣬ЦݣģȻǱأأ
ಣ
ץһһ
գСơ֡
һɻ󣺡ƣô󲿷ֺ
֣ƣ캣κں㶼Ժ޼ɣȥΧȻãЩ⣬Ȼ½֮ϵĴҲƺƵͷش
ǾͳˣҾҪˣֱǣҲںллıأ
ȻŹƣ⽣ģȥ뺮棬һһ޳ϷԨȥ
׷
ַ׷궯
һ֣ʵ˷ɢȥ
֮йȻɫξȻˣҵûصʹޣˣҪѰָʤһĺߣͷ߾ȻΪǧ׶೤
ԭֲߣʵ֮ǰ֣Ҫǿ
һԨ򣬿·ˣͷŹǸƣݣʵҲǳǿɱܵõԷвر
ҸоƲ򵥣ܺôຣ֣ʵҲǿֻ˲̫Сң֪⽣жƾԲҽִ֣ɱ֣һ޷о԰ɱɱ֮һоԴ
غܷḻ𣿡
ǱذвԼ߼ʯʯ⻹ʮŽ𵰡
󷽣
Сˡ
ҸӦϢˣ
滹һξ룬ӦĪаϢ
óƣʴɣ̺ʯһ͸һ羫½Դмơ
ҲǺñ

һһڴӰ˷ǺǱԨһԾ
ʦ֣
֮УҲӰʱ֣Īаб
Īаల£׳һ𵰣һᣬ뿪سԵ
ð깦캣˾Щϻɳ½ԽԼ׺ɳ½
ͬʱҲ桢硢ڰʦԪŵ֪аŴҲǰõִϳǣ⼸ҲϢ
ţ֣ҽѪħͨ㣬Ѫ󷨣Ѫø
Ҳ뾡취ţָָֻҪ֮ǰǿ󣬱㽫Ѫħ
ҲΪ綾𵰡
ɳ½
˿յ硢ڰϹݡСԪšس硢ڰյȴ
ҲһǿУ󣬻صϳһѱ޲ڲߵҲǿ׳ϳڲԵòãҪ
ڲطǵ磬޽һЩմ󣬾һٶһۻᡣ
ǲаšԼѹЩǿߣʱ˿ڣ˹캣֮ã˽һЦ
˲ԲϹݡ޼Ͼͷβϧ
ҹ󲿷뿪ԪϿգĪабس硢Ըҡ
ԪڵҶɳ½ϸϸ˽޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼ĴϴжʧܣٴɱҲٴ˷ɢޣҵƲвҲ޷Ĵȡжп֣֮
ϴȷ׷Źǡ
ⷬ棬⣬һ뵽ʤݣԭƻȥһˣٻ취
ȥʤݣһʱɱӦ
аֻȽĴħε⣬ҲܰǰʤݣʱӦûʮͷʴҪʮ֮ڣĴ鷳ܳ׶ռɳ½
ʦ֣
˽ڳĬҲעһһ
Īаʱ֮ǰӴǾʦ֣ɳ½һ£ؽ޼ڣʦֻңǱ½ʼĿΪ淽벻ҲˣȻǿ׳չƻ
б񣺡֣ǲֻȫ֧㣬Ҫɳ½㣬ǿֶĴɢϣǣӵɳ½Ϊ޼ϣҲֻʸһ½
޼УȻɺ޼޼ʿˣҿʱڰҲͬ
һ˫˫Ŀ⣬ž޲ؽ޼ڵȷһֱĿ꣡
ΪʦǵõǱ½㣬ʼ½ҪҪֿԼŬһ֤ԼʱҪؽ޼ڣ
аԪοӻʼ½ɳ½ʮ꣬ΪʦһֱҲΪӿǣΪʦǸɢޣ޷ȥи˿ԴǼУΪʦϣ㡣


1036 չδ
벻һسżʦǲаš
аѳ£֪ҲؽţжѣÿжӦףؽаţҲһ½һкãԲаʵӽʼаž޼ڣδһͳһ½ΪҲʵִԸ
ʦ⡭
ʦ֣ʦȻѾűǣʦҲΪ롣سȥһԡ
ĬĬһĻΪԪ𺳡
Լؽһ
Ҫ
аŻҲвǿߣڣҪؽаŲ̫ѣΪܱȼҪǿ
׻˵ĺãͷβһаŶ޼ڣаÿ˶
س硢飬ջڻĿʦҿ»ĿǰǴҾֶԸĴĴɳ½ǵģЩɢ޾ͷʰ
бʱ֣ҪԸ޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼ĴĿǰֶμǲܵģκһеʮм̵ڵ죬˳֣ҲԺĴʮ賤־ǿ󣡡
Īаʦ֣Ǹô죿
Ȼȴʮ㣬Īа򣬿ˣǵ׽Ĵͳˣǿʼ֮ҷģеƶһ𣬴ҪжɱȥĴ̡
ã
ҶѪ֪νĵʲô
ص뵽賤Ҫ֧Ԯ賤Ȼɻȱ
ʱ賤ϳʮȴ档
桢и͵Ҫȡɳ½Ĵ
賤ѰһڿڣҰԣϾպ۵ҽͻƿոͻ޼䣬ǷģҰ֮ҪȥʤһˣҲԶ뿪ɳ½
ͻ޼䣿
ˣ޼뻯𸣵̫ϳϻ࣬Ϊ澪ס
ǰҪȥʤݣϲ֮࣬벻賤ҲҪȥʤݡ
賤ĿԾԾ˸أΪһŵԡҾٰԸĴͻ޼䣬Ҳ޷Ĵ
ֻҪǰ󼴿ɣȻǰΪѣֻҪǰٰһΣԺǰκνǷ
һΪ
ˬ죡
˶ʹˣ賤ȥʲôʱֻҪ߶ɡ
ҪԸĴҲҪȥʤݣұȡƾס
ɲԶ磬Ӧʮ
һɽͷʩչ޼߶
ģüƾϢԼҵֻҪƾɳ½ӦܸӦϾƾͬͬԴ
һӦƾϢҲҪڤϹѹϹȻթգʵǿѹˣҪưɳ½ף
ʼڲȼŴʬ塣
ͬʱ𵰸桢£ԼҲһţϣƻָ
һٶִ壬˳̶ǰδ滯ʦҲԻָ۷״̬
ˣ
ҲƯͷӦ𽥼ںظӦƾϢΪԴͶųȥ
ܿӦԼԶҲ֡
ͻأһȣˣҷ˭Ϣˣ
˭Ҳ棬Īˣô췢ڤϹ
һʵҲ޼䣬ʮһԨ֮УǼ޷Ĵڣ

Ȼˣûѹţ֣´ʱӦҲֻ̾ϢķݣھͲͬˡ
棡뺮ȥ
ͷţ£治ϴطƷӦڴʱ
ƷֲҲӵ޼ָ߶ȣԶ޼Ͼ賤ħа־ͷ
Ըɳ½յأԼһº󣬼Ȼû˿Ӧջ
ʧƾƺɳ½Ҳһܣ˽ӡĳⷨռ䣬޷ӦƾͬͬԴǾƷ²ųҲвƾϢˣһʱҵϢ
ѲǿӦ޷ӦƾϢ
ȷܴ㵣ҲʧڤϹֶΣƲںƾףֻ취ӡϢǾգԺ̤쾳޼ʰ
ϴϳҵˣ
Ҳڴʱ
ಣ
ģʩչ֮ٶȴﵽ޼߶ȣת˲ȥ֮⡣
㣡
ϳн⣬ΧȻԼ棬Ϥ֡


1037 볤۹
һ֮һԨѷ죬桢棬ٴθӦҲһϢ
ǴʵӦö࣬ǷǳĹϴ֣û⣬ԸһûٰգҪţֳУ
ţֶ֮У·캣ͷţ֣Ҳǳ档
ȻϴУϴǿʮҲ֣ǿʮٱ
ǿţ֣ĴֱѴ֮
һ±ζҲټɵ
˵ѹʵ޼һ治С
ţ֣Ѫħ֮󣬿ɷǿھѪ
๦Ȼħ½һħˣñţָ߰ػӦ
ᣡ
һӡ濴â֡
â֮оһˣֻ֮ţǣ˾һ
Σ
߳ͷ׻Ϊεţ֣֮棬ͷ­
ϲţѪħȷȻҲԭһʱ䣬ƿػѪ
꣬׻ˣߣȥʰǸʲôͷҲйţ޵һ࣬ϹžǱȭͷӲţɭɭЦ
̫Եˣ桢ޣҲûţְ
һԾԨڲǴϢǳԣһͷϢǳȣﲻѨһͷ̡
ԨʱţּͬʱӦڣһƬƬɭˮٸùʬɼ
һɽȣһǣӦҲڲһڣһ෿С
ˣһͷҲһģ˿ȥû֮һ˫ͫһһɶ೤ۣǺۻһƷʵı׻û
ʵоִ࣬޼ϾӦ֪
һᣬ޼Ͼͨ˵Ϊ۹֣ʵ΢һЩֲ֮һЩɳ½Ҳ֪Ĵ
۹֣
һͷĴ
ЦеĿ棺ϴǱȥ͵Ϯֱ޼ѹ
ô鷳
ţͻȻӶȭͷñֱ֣һȭ󣬶һȭֱӻɱͷ
𡭡
ķ飬Ȼ֪ţʵֲﵽ޼ָ߶ȣǿ󣬶Ը޼ʵĴȻɱ
ҪɱǾͲ͵͵Ҫѹǣ
Ǿһ飬պＴɣɣţһȲ
ֵ泹ɵˡ
ʱΪʵܽ޼һ䡢ͷԸ۹Ȼʵǲܵġ
۹ǰȻһ޷Խɽ塣
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һ
˰ףţ־ǰɽȻһԶδſ죬͸һЩԵ΢
̣
оһ˿˿׵ڱߣһа׵籼֮Уһڳ
һΧ磬Ƿ籩ڵ
ע˲仮ƼžʪԽȻ
ม
ɲ̲סһߣǰǧ󣬱һʱúȻƬľʯ´Ϊ촷ۡ
Ϊ֮ɫ䣺̵ģҲ̫ˣϴ㷢ˣçţֱ˵ԸȥԸĴҲֻҪôһ
ҪĴ𡭡
ಣ
ǰڵضɽҡɽȣץס֮ʣ֮У۹ֽѪѪץǱԿ
߶ȻܶԸ󲿷Ա岻ɱ
ƷȻ
ţһǰȴǿڱԻ𸣵أ
ͣǽƷ𸣵ǰɳɱɳ½ǿƬأԵɺϵõ
ɱֵȽʺϱ֪ţֲ̰ģɱ⡣
עһ۹ǼҲӦҲƷ
۹֮ǰͻȻϮ֮£Ŵ߶±׻ʱҲмɡ
ѹЩһһʵǿҲи
ࣿǡǿ޳ԹȻһУõУԵ÷ǳ
ף֪ǿȻ˵ҲǾսսʲôʱҲʼˡ
۾˭ֻɳʱ޼Ͼȡعϳʱģ
Ȼ㣬ҵعұ֮ǰʶһ棬ټɵţʱҲưڸݡ


1038 ۹ֱ
ߣǡǹʵԳԽңһͷȴһ˽֡
޼ȥ
ָһԽɱ
ȴ޼һԾϷתΪɾ޴󣬺ڶͻͻѹ

˲߶޼ȴ飬ش
һ۹ҲץһƷɱ޼Ϸڵ޼Եء
޼ѲǸ߼ǰ򵥣Ȼ޷߶һʱ״ֱ̬繥ȻԶԿ޼
ţּ߶޼̾һӣñ֣ǱסǱģƷҲ⣡
˶ʵ
ԵţֲİԵ
淴ӦţͻȻԽնȥ
ŵ桢ƺţֳ֡

ԭţֵȷҪ֣ȥ޼ϷһŲ޼
ԭ޼Գ̬ٶȲѹȴţһ֮󣬾Ȼٶȼӿʮ
ͻͻһѹһз޼ɣ޼Ҳһڽߵ۹˽ȥ
Ϣţֳ־ͽ۹ѹ
޼ţŪ̫鷳ɱɱ¸ʲô˱УҲ̫ˮǱӵ޼ɱȥ𸣵أɱǿ޵

ȴЦݡ
޸ȥɽϷ·ѻΪƽأɻܼһ¹֡
Ȼǳ۹ֱ⣡ȥᱦȻţҲȥұȥˡ
ץס±ףȻ޼صУԪڲʱڹ磬˿
Ҳɱǣʵ㣬ԺΪЧͨҲǣ˻ָǿ󣡡
Ԫ֮ǿʩչӤħֲ̥Ӥħ
ֵõ
ϴѹħߣȻҲħ֣
ı۽۹ټţ֣
Թϴκһʵӵ޼䡣
ζţ޼ϾȾͷ⣬źüӵдϣɢ޾ͷ
ʵѿһš
ʱһӵع˵ϹŴ鱦һۣϻһС
СЦеǰչʾսƷٰϴһʺƣ
桢ţҲˣǴŸֱض顣
۹ⷽ½Ȼ١
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ʱڣԪƯţ𵰺һֱһע⶯
ʱɫѪ֮УϤ޵Ѫ⣬ԪƤ֮һͷŶܿóЧǳԵ
Ѫ֮У͸ĳֹ̬ƽ𵰱ǺַµĵУֱһںϣҲյо
ĳЩԣЩ̡
һЩʴƤһԪźӿУͷЩȴԵúϡ
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ԪȻ״ǳȴʧ޷ܾɳ©
Ҳͦźʦ𵰾͵Դ壡
壿ĵرҲֻ캣յأżٳ֣ںϣͻһ磬޼ͷдã̫˷ѣ
ԴԺܶ࣬ӻ취ҵһЩϧʦ
̫ѣչ£Ҳ;ŴֶΣָ
ʦļɣ뵱浽ʤݼƻһҲ̫
Ԫ֪飬գǰʤݣ
ԪżںϽ֮ο⼸벻ٵĹûɶԺаŵӾ޼ڵӣĴȥɣϲΪʦؽ޼ڣ
Ժ˵ЩʱʰĴԼһɢ޾ͷΪɳ½һ˵
Ȼв˵ܸоԪݾģҪ̶֧ؽ޼ڡ
ţҲǡ
Ϊʦȷ˷ѣʱ㣬ϼɽ㣬㲻ѪǸƢΪʦһ۾㣬ʱۣŶ̶İ꣬㾹Ȼǧҡ
ˣΪʦܸˣ˷ͻȻ˵ллΪʦҲͽ
ӵһУããƷ粻ʲôʦڲ֮󣬶ܳΪŴһҲᳬԽŴ
Ԫĳ㱵ĿУȴŶĿ϶
ҲȸʩԹ
һڡ
ʦ֣Сʦܴ𵰿Ǻöǰֻ˵Ӧܴﵽ޼һ۷壡
ǲаһЩ߲е


1039 ԾĴ
һڣںͬʱҲͷԪһеس罻
سԪɻʦڻرΪ˼㵹Ǳ̬ʦҪаţʲô£ǷѶŬֵܼڣΪؽаţ
ΪӣʦѡҽԻѡأ
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Ů˼ߡ
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ʱس粻ɢ
۽κһʼûлӦ
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ʱڵعŽ籾Դ½Դġ
ܾ콫½Դںϡƿɳ½յأ籾ԴԽǰ磬򡢿ռͨҲо޴
Ѫأ鵤ѪؾѪ
ѪһɣҪɸаšԼūŰԴˣҲֻսѪħѪѪ
ռ䣬۹ͷųҲǳ׵ױƿأʵʵⷽϤ档
ϹݡСڰس硢бĪаҲ׷׳֣ζԸĴֻ޼ϾĪа۹ǰȥ֮賤ͷ㹻ˡ
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޼ϾʣζԸǰ⼸ɱǣȫɱɱѲף
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ǱԼĪһֺ޼Ͼе㲻ͷΪЧ
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1040 Ǭ޼
ӵǿߣָңҽʧȥƣʧȥֵûüֵ
ԺǰϹϾҵԪǿߣⱲҪУ
ֲͷ麹ŵֱַ䡣
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м޼ǿӳѹ
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޼Ͼ۹֡桢ԼĪаΧɱһЩ޼ǿߣС
޼ţ֮飬ƷΪ޹֮죬һЩӳĸ֣һ뷨ռ䡣
ʣЩͨ쾳컯ʿ޼͸ѹ֮£κһҲ޷
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һ֮У޼Ͼšǿߣ߿գǰǿߡ
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Цף
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³֣ЩϻQ޼Ͼæ棬޼ѹ
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һǬ޼ڵӣһ޼ڵӣʵʵشҵ⡣
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硢˲ӣϾһ֣Ǹ߲㣬Ҳߺ
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뵽һȥˣЩȻɱҪɳ½Ҫ֣㻹ĴӼЩӢҲаؽ޼ڣ
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š
ţҲĪа֪ŵЩţǰˣƷ˶Źľħ֡
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⼸Ĵģ󲿷Ϊ컯쾳Ҳв٣ֻҪúãᷢӳ
·ָƽĴӿʼߡ
Īаһֱڸ߿յȴţʱĪаǵÿʼǰϸϸһУȻҪؽ޼ڣѹô֣ǾҪ޼ǾǣҲʱƶһЩˣԹ
ҵδ뵽㣡Ӵһ⡣
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ҿǰղа¾ͽȻҲڲֹʮˣҲо飬ǰ
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𽥿Ĵ̣ǰһƬɽûЩ֡ԼֽϿȣӦϢ
ƬɽؼֱһѰʺʿУɽ֮һˡ
Ǭ޼ڵ
Ĵɳ½һһſռǧｮƬڣ٣ҲвҲ
Īаһษ̾ϢǬ޼ڣǰɳ½ҲⷽУ
֮޼Ͼǰⷽ½ưǧ꣬˵˵Ǭ޼


1041 Ǳ
Ǭ޼еʮˣʿⷽ½ɢޣһ½磬ΪͨΪĵڲ޼ʥأǴ޼֮ء
޼Ͼδдʱ㼰ʱⷽ޼ǿʮˣ޼һ䣬ֻм̫ϳΪﵽ䡢䣬ǬΪ޼䡣
ʵȻĪаΪ֮һ衣
ʮ޼ͷȻ̣һ㣬ǾŴˣ̫ڶʱⷽ浹Ǻ侲ⷽʵܴŹ
ಣ
һŤϢȻһ˸߿մ
ٿȻٴС
漰ʱܣ룬賤ǰ
۹֡
Ť֮賤һɳȻһ޼ͷԲͬ
Ȫɽͷ賤۹ִ⡣
뵽˫Բİ
лǰʱ
ǰ
桢ĪаҲ賤
ԸǬ޼ڿкð취ֻⷽʮˣ޼Ҳв٣ϵԴӳ󷨣ǼԴ飡ȻǾͷ⡣
ھͷȴ£ƶһЦǬ޼ڻ޼ţ޼ǾֻҪ޼ǾҾа취ҵӣԸǣ
ָ˳Щж£¡Ǭ޼ڣܶⷽҲӵнһʸ񣡡賤˵Ҳǰ
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ĪаһʱзӣһЦ˷Ǭ޼ڽϷ
׸߿գ·Ǹذ硣
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賤һЩ桢ĪаһЩֶ
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޼ϾȻ󾪣ѵǬ޼ڵ֮ն޼ڵ󣿡
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λ˵ĲҲҪԸǬ޼ڣҲҪΪ㣬⴦Ե޼һá
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ˣҲŸãǷ֪ôȥ£ЩʵʵĿܣ޵УҲ¡
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ǰͬ˲ɫҲܴŲ³޼Ͼ賤ǿ˼
ҲǴʦػǿߣĪа͵͵⣬˽ˡ
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ˣ
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Īаֿƽ״̬Ȼ賤޼Ͼʱѳ죬Ǿʹ磬Ҵߵ̲ΧֹǬ޼ڵ߱ǣڲԸ
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ಣ
Īа磬ʣͷԼ۹֡
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оյؽһ硣
·ǴǬ޼ڵڷȥֵҲ洦ɼֺܿһ磬ӦþǺĵ


1042 ᱦɱƵ
ֱɱȶȡǬ޼ڱ̣
ԭ滹д㣬Ǭ޼καʧ
Ѿĵڲɽ뼸֮У쾳ͷš
磬䣬ͬʱӦһЩ޼Ϣ͸
ͷӦǬϢλڡ
һ㴩֮ʮ㲻ͬռγɰ󷨣һռһǿӡ޼ͷѹ
ȻǬ޼ڲر֮ء
Ȼ˽紦һһŻ֮⣬һɽ·һʯţʯűһطӡ
ţֱɱˣѹɣɲ־һâɱ
룡
һӰߡ
ʲôˣ
벻ţٶȣߺܿ۲
ǵԵʣƣţϢ̫رȻױͷ
飡
һƵɱߡ
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ɷ˵ɱ޼ƾҪţƾ顣
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桢
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㽫ʯŴ飬ȻٽǬ޼飬Ȼɱһˣǣ
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⡢⡭
ǵĵΪλ
ļһĻӵеһƷ£Цһ
ɵ飬һҲδȻ˴顣
ƬƣԪƣ籩ڼ֣ҲС
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һĨʸǷɱȥ
ġ
ڼҵƬ˵ĸ֣Ԫشӿնŵüһ̸γϡ
Ҳɱǣ涼ýЩ޼ɭȻһȡ
˲ΡΡǱվæϢѹƣʵվ࣬ͷ̧ͷһۡ
ֱ澭ǲظס
֮ͻ֣·
Щʮ֣ĪаȻҪһ󹦷
գ֮ʱһԾһȼջ𻢡Ϊʮɾ޴󣬴ԼһٶͷЩ֡
Щ¯֮УһЩ
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Ǭ޼һ£Ͳ֮ܽݻ٣һиԴţֳ׽飬Ǭ޼ڵؽһ硭
ܵƿռǾȻÿɸⷽ


1043 ѹ
ţָӦܽн顣
÷ǳʵѽΧһ룬ڴǬ޼ڵӱ
޼Ͼ賤ҲȻգһѹһʵ̫ϳҲмܡ
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ǣ
˵棬ʼ߶ƣͷԪͷŶȥ
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ţ֡
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̾Ϣʦ֣Ǹʲô
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賤޼Ͼڿţһ˾һˣֱӽڰա
֮󣬱㿪ʼ߶½Դʩչռ֮С
½Դ羫ҲǴ½Ǵ½һ֣ںϴ½ԴΪԴƬأȻ޼ͷҪ׼֡
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ʱʱ̿ͷػĵµͨԪ񣺡ˣ޲磬ھ͸ıһЩӡֱַӿǬ޼ڵڲдԸӣֱı䡢ӵУЩ˸޷Ϣӳ
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޼Ͼ賤һʱĻ棬ȻͷŵƻΪԵ档
賤ԩ޳ΪҪ֣ţ
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޼ϾⳤХ֪˭ڴ֮ǰԾߣƲЩɢޣҵǲƣأûǬ޼ھͳͷڹˣ
һʱȻƢԣɵϾǰеᣬûûԹģα˺Ƥ
Ȼ֣ͷһ࣬Ƶݲ߾ߣ
һëͷСӣ˵ķݣ֪޼һߣһ̫ϳָ棬糤ѵͨ
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ҪǬ޼ڣȻ賤ȴʼ硣


1044 Ǭ
㣿ѵ޼Ͼʵɲ㣡Ǭһֻ賤ΪֻͷʵԿǬ޼ڡ
ˣɲҪţˣ
ǬҪŹȣɲ賤˵㣬Ǳˣ
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˼ʴǬ˼Ԧǻ£ӻӶڰ鲻ٷ𣬰Ե
ŵǬ޼ʮ߲ľս
Ǭͷλ֣ǾΪ˰£Ǭ޼ڣ
޼ϾˣһƳ

ǬǬ޼ڸ߲㣬Ҳ·޼Ͼ˼ž֮ɫһû˿޼ǿϢ档
ֻвܣ
һͨʿܺ賤޼ϾԼ
ǬʮԼ뱣סһСӣģ賤ǳ϶ס
⡭
ֵ˴۾档
ɨǬһͷֳԾ飬˿ҲδС
ȻǬȺǿ˵һһԶԵĸоǿɶǿߣѵǰǸСӣǿ˹
Ǭ
Ŀ£ڿڣԸ̬֮ǻⷽ뱣ⷽΪкЩǿ߶ˣǷֿﻹǵǴӴҷǬȻʱΪ䣬һѡ֮һѡ֮ҪһĨɱκˣӦÿкοֲֶΣҸǰ㿼ǣĻţĻţ
Ե
ʱһһ֣ţֵİԵҲȥ
ʦ˵ĴģҷΪУֻ·һҲɱһ࣬·һȺǿ߳֡
Ĭˣ
Ǭ˫ͫžתǿߡ
ΧѱֲûʮǿͷŵĻ棬޷Կڲ
·УǲǾţ֣һƶľɽ̫𺳡
Ǭÿӣûһ˵ڳĬ֮С
ʮϢ佫Ϣѹƣ桢賤޼ϾȭУҷˣΨһҪ󣬱ɱκһӣ
һ䣬ȻвͬѰǡ
ʶʱΪܣ
賤ǷɱɢȥһЦɳ½Ͼ޼ŴȻٴɱ޼йǿߣʱ޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼ʲôŴ⣿
ϾҲˣͶˣƣҼˣձػᱻŴʱûأǬ޼κһ֣ҪɥھŴ֮£޼ϾҲ
ɱ״̬Ǭźʮ޼ͷҪֲӡԺΪҷЧӡȻʧ
һ˸ߣԭش޼ʮǿߣǬδ֮Խ
Ӥħ̥òٶǬһȺ߲ɲǼͷʮ̺ԪӰȥ
˴żɵԼɻ󣬶뷴
ջֻѡʵܷӡ֮

Ӥħһ˳ӿǿԺʼԪ
ͻͻͻ
һƻӳ޲ٶȡ
ʱ·ͻȻһӰţ֡
۹֡桢Ҳ֮һһڲţַɳ
󡢴
Ǭ޼ڸ֣޼Ƕ쾳˽ʧȥκһҲ
۹֪ǿд캣ľţ֣˭֣
ǬںϷӡԪӡǳԵ޷⿪ģֻҪԺҷҳϣӡһԻ⣬·ʮӷֿʵ·˴һɨˣŭ
Ǭ𣬹ʱԪˣλӣȲػţѵõ⣬ȻصˣĪ׳磬Ժǽͣ
ţֻΪһͨˣ³Ѫ࣬ĿûüһЩǬ޼ڵӣôæˣ
˻һٴλǬˡ
˵֮еħ֣ᵽζ
ֶǬһָ߲ȥӣһˣҵ޲磬֮ȥ޼ţ
ʮ޼߲㣬һʵص·
賤޼Ͼʼ棬ٵ󣬶ָѰ״̬ǬʮһϢ
賤޼Ͼ£߶½Դ羫ΧԴʩչռ޼·ӳֶȥƬë
Ҳ֮У˲Ϣڹע˷
賤ͻȻ˫ֺʮ״̬𺳳š


1045 ޼
ҵõպ۵һ̣ͨõŽһЩĵã
˵󣬵ȴȻץһ׸ƿʬĿĵãпպ۵ợҲտ
賤ץסĵãȻ֪ĵжһɫ࿴벻ڲںϿպ۵£õڵϿɡ
ҲԵ
ƿǰ֮УȻҲԺһҲˣ
ȷУ㣬ֻһЩѰŹǵķȻޱһϣ

ϣ
賤󣬲ҡͷʤԹŴ½ԱգһԺ󹦷ٮٮߣȥԱ˸пܵõɡ
Ȼϡ
賤ǳѽ⡣
ȻƲʲô־ѳκιнѪħŹԺҲȥ
ǷħϸķһѪǺεȵǿ
־ͬʯʯ˴жСǧ
Ҫȥ
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Ǭ޼ţһȭĽӣǽڱ桢賤޼Ͼɢ޾ͷ֮޲ɡ
ΪףǬʮǬ޼ڸᯣһжʮִǬ޼Ȼʧ
£
Ϣ֮ŵζǰƬ֮УһƬ縲ء
ɳ½Ĵأ޼š
쿿޼ŵʮҵ棺ʦ֣ǻ֮ǰ޼ţ
Ҳڵȴš
˶ڣҲ޼һӣܴƤߡ
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ಣ
ʮͷٷȥ׸߿ա
޼ϾһΧǿʵ֣Ѹײڶ֮£Χ޼Ѳߵһ˲
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Īа賤޼ϾǬţͷ֣Ϸǧס
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ֵܣҲȥĪаҲͷһԾȥ
Ψֻ賤һࡣ
֮⣬ʮ޼ǿأʱרעʼͷŴ½Դͷ޼һ֮롣
޼ںͷϢԭзϢգ̺Ԫʴڶʱ䣬գ͵޼ŵƿء
賤һֱػŽӣʱʱеɱԱһص
Ӷ޼Ǿó̶ȣԶԶĴ䣬޼ɢޡ޼֮Уǰ޼ܡ
ڰΪֶζе˼顣
޼ŵʱʱǴ𵴣ʱʱ̴̿һһζ״̬ܸоӦţֻ֣һΪֹ𵴡
޼Ȼ϶֮С

ͻȻ½·߿գһʯײ
޼ǰ⣿
ײ֮УЦ
Ӱ֣һĽϹһϤӡ
޼䣬޼
˴ˣ޼Ÿ߲ͷҲڳ۹֡޼Ͼɱ£׷ӿǴӳ
ǬҲʵ˶Ը޼ǿߡ
ٿȻͬ𣺡ͷǰ޼֪ҷ
賤һԲץһɵĵδ߶պ۵
ݣ
ิӽ賤ͷŹϢҲ޼ָһһĻȣͻȻִӽǰʧ
ںϿ
䣡
޼ǱǬɱƾŵԼƣѹǬ
һ׹⽣׼ڽ֮⣬賤ٴָһǵ׹⽣ɱ޼֮ϡ
һ¡Ʊ޼ɣеҲ𿪡
賤̤޼֮󣬲ȫʵѾѹ޼ǬЩ֮ϡ
ǿ֮Уţ֮⣬賤ʵֲһˣʵŴϡ̫ϳеһƴ


1046 ûѡ
賤
ɱ޼ˣԼֱܴͬ衣
Ϊһ䣬賤͵ϮҲӦʵл⡣

޼㻹̶ͷŽĿĽĿɱ󷽡
Ǳ޼Ϸ׻ƣӾ޷ݵ𺳡
޼ժ֣
Ϊһ䣬޼ɱӡΧԼ֮УӿӡȻܲʮ
賤棺Ϊ䵹ڵ֮УʩչԽ
Ҳעһ·޼ŽӦҲʱ䣬Ȼи޼õ֮
޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼ڡѣŴ̫Զˣ·Ҳֻһ󣬲δ̺ǿ󹥻󷨣ǾŴ´磬֮Ҳ̺󷨣Ŵ֮£ɶöپʯʯ
ĴԼɳ½󲿷ɢޣδһ죬ҶռԴһ޼ڣŴʲô
ѽǶȣ·
֮Ҳ汣ڸӦ״̬޼ûж೤ʱ䣬޼
ǬһΧɱ޼޼ժ֡ԼһЩӰΪʮҪ޼£ɱǬ
޼ʵҪɱȻף޼ռʱ˺͡

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賤ͷ֪뷨ٴλӶа
ƤѪȻҲһɰɫ
ֻһһ賤ϣ֮ǰɱǹɽУ̺һӡ
ǵɲɱ֮УЩЩﶯ޼ժɱһ
ݿʧ賤Ӷ֮£Խ޼ժֹƣԽǬ
ۣ
޼󱳱һѪɱķʱΧЩ޼ժӡʼʧ
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ΨŽò硣
޼ٴˣ賤ӹĿ࿴ǰʵݺ£
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뻯𸣵滯ʦʦ֣о𸣵شϣʵҲ޼䡢֮䣬ɼǰʵȥŴҲǴָ߶ȣ
̫ϳֻһֵλȨȴʵλùȡʵֻп̿ӵУеĴʵȨʵ޼֮ϣЩųϻʿʵܴﵽ޼䡣
Ҷ»ûи˽⣡
˽̫࣬׳־δ˽㣡
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ˣһǰһ޼˿ҪЩѪС
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ҵĺñ
ֻһѹ·һſٿֻ޼ռ䡣
δ𹥻Ǳ֮ˣʱ·һʧȥȨʵͨǿߡ
ಣ
޼żſææһԾӳҹ֮ǻǡ
ȿȡ
ӳ֮޼Ϊ״̬ķǿߣ˫ͫԹ֮ɫ
Ѫĳ賤ָȥ賤㡢޼Ͼ޳ܣһ㱨𣡡
ˣң޶Ӧ
޼һɲǣȷоһ޷ݵϣԼƿƬȻϢơ
֮ǰǱʶΪ޼Ͼ賤ϴҪ޼š
һͨʿһСˣ۵ĽɫܷУ
ֻɫ̫࣬Ϊͼֲ֡
ʱŻڣұĥ㣬Ʒɱ־ͷΪһ䣬ÿƽġ
޼ȫ䣬֪֮ʣҲ֪Ǻε
ⷬɫõ⣬ɿĿ޼ţ
޼ֻǽ类飬ʱҲûӶҾʹ촰˵Ǭ޼ѱ£ǬҲҷһ䣬޼ҲȻѡˡ


1047 ѹ޼
һ˫˫ǿĿ⡢ڴ£ϢΪ䣬ѡ޼Ž쿪ʼҷƿأ㣬ѡҷȻⷽѡ񷴿ұĨɱ㣬ΪܣȻƿһ
㻹ѡ޼Ǵˣ賤Ҳǿһ
ҵȷûѡ񡭡

䲻֮޼Ϣѹƣ޼ֿȺ
·ʮԭشηҪɱˣ·ʮӽԻɥħСһҲɿ
ȻһҲԤ֮У޼ִˣôȥѰ
޼޼Ͼ磬ͷ
Ǭţ֡۹֡桢Īа׷׻ع飬ڶ̶̼֮ƽ

ͬʮ޼޼߲ɳǽܴˣҾδΧɶײгԵĴ
޼ԴǰһӤħûһ˸ҷӤħ
˫ֺʮ·Ӷʱںϡ
ţһ
޼һûʮ꣬Ҳ޲
ʮǿߣŭӴ˴ҶԼˣ޼ⷽưԣ֮޼ڡ޼ħⷽ½ؽ޼ڣԴ˶ԿŴԼִˣŴץ޼ͷڶʤݽйǶ޼ʿս
ĪаҲǶսǾҪǰ׼¹˭ֻ˵
ΧǬ޼ʮҲһ֣ҽԽ֮С
޼Ѫ޼֣Ҳһţʱָʵ
ڵؽС
ҲץϢǴҪԴѪ
Ѫ浣Щ޼ŵС
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һ
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Īаʹ߬ȭͷʦֱ֣͵Ϯͳˣ«ưһ𣡡
ҡҡͷף޼ħ޼Ҳ֪иǶʱòһȻ֪ͨһԮһҪôҪô㣬пǨƴ½ȥ֮УͶħε
ȷⷬʹҲһʱ
Ȼǿ͵ϮǵһѡǾ취
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޼ȭԣĴѾˣֿǾŴ
Ǿһ׽
׽
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취
Ŀ£޼Ǭһѡ
˲ȻЦиӷǳǾ˵ո޼Ϣ֪޼䣬Ҫ޼ħڡ޼ڶȡܲ
÷ӣ˶õ޼޼ħ޼κ˶õ޼⡣
ǲû޼Ϣ
ֻҪᵽ޼ϢȻΪڣһ
ɻأʮ㣬¾
һ뷨Ҫ޼ħ޼޼
ڽ飬ͽȥ죬ͬʱ޼Ͼ޼޸ڲ޼ħ޼սۼΣ˵ʵ䷴
޼棺ˣϴ߶˵ģ޼Ϣ͸¶޼ħ޼ƺܿн
㱻ˣ⼸Ѫȥָųɣ޼ƣóѪ
ȻѪж಻㬶ȥ
潫Ϣ֪賤Լô׼ãϢڽ
죬޼Ǭˣ˵޼ħ޼ʮ֮


1048 
Ȼ޼ӵħ˶õ
ϴˣڻָҲﵽ컯۷壬Կʼ䣬˵ڲ֮ͻơ
ʱ̫ȣ뵽ٽҪȥȡ컯Լ׾¶ȻһЩĿҪʵ֡
ȫ洦־״̬Ҳڰһ˼СǧѪħԼ׻
ѪҲٴܲȫĤ֮нǣزѪҲǧ֮Ҳ̺Ӧ׻ѪħħҲв٣
۲״̬һθִ֮ܵǰ״̬
ϴɽִӰԻָֻͻƾ䣬ӭ
һתʱܿʧĪа賤޼Ͼȵȸ޼޼Ҳ档
ԭǸ֪޼ħ޼ѴӸųܸ֮޼š
һƻȻţֳ֣ڰأţѹ֡
ȻԹػһЩ߲㣬Щ߲Ҳ˶Ը
޼ŵ󲿷޸ɣֻܼһЩطڱ״̬
һ󹦷쳣ǿ޼͸󷽻һٶˣ޼Ϣʮˡ
޼ħ޼ˣ
Ǭ޼Ȼһָ֣ӵ촩磬ȴһٶ˾ʹӰմ
޼ħڡ޼ǿߣԼ䡣
ϴ󣬺󷽲δ֣һٶˣڰн綯֪档
洫һЦ
Ǭ֣ΥΥ
ǽ˵ҪҪ
ĴѼ䣬޼һڸֽ硣
һ̰ǿߣ޼ħ޼ͷ߿ա
λֵܣ޼ںδ
Ǳ뾡޼֣ɱǸ棬õ޼Ǳһͳɳ½Ժⷽ½Ĵ¡
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ţ֡
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֮лΪһŴ죬Լ仹ܼһţ֡

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գۼţ־ħ磬ԼһٶûܣҲӲ˰硣
û֣ڲžһ𵴡ը֮߿ս飬ԼΪ籩

֣
һһңΪɺɱ
޼ϾһӰٿطδ֮зͷŷԴ
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޼־Ǭ޼
޼ħҲ߳ŭȻ賤޼Ͼ۹֡ˣˣΪˡ޼Ҳûʲô޼ϢȽˣҪ̲
ƺʵһ˴Ӹ߿ţ֡
㶯֣
漱æʾ⣬ɲһٶ֣汻ţɱ
޼Ͼ۹ףֶʱԷɱâ֮С
ڲֵָҲɱһٶǿ߽ˣǿ߶޼ħ޼룬¸ִ߶һƬԿ
ͻȻͷѪ
ŵΧĿɿڴҲĿġ
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ܿڲڸϢԽɱ죬⣬ιȥ
ǬǧΡȻ޼ͷչߣ־ܣѵҪɱȣ׾֮£
ҵӪܱ꣬ǰװ̲
â֮С
޼ħɱԿԼϢѪգȻ͸Ű


1049 Ȼɱ޼ħ޼
ħ˵ǣǿľӪܸ꣬ռˣҲԸһҲʮǱ޼ɱâ޽
ʵǳԵϸϸоʵǬ޼ҪǿһЩ
ĪаͻȻһ𣺡ȻǾʹǷΪֹ
ɱ
޼ǬҲһ
ʮ֣â֮£׷ɱԷһƷƷ
һʱʮɱУڽָ߼£ܿû޼ħ޼Щǿߵ
桢Īа賤δ֣Ҳƿش֣ĪڲԼһ˿ɱ
Ŀǰոţǵ繥ʵشһٶǿߣ֮ƣЩ
ûгԽ޼޷磬ɱⷽģΪҲȻȲ賤
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벻ʱ˵֮һƬѹƣһδκش䣬һٶָңһغ
ٵûȥڲâ񱩣â۶
һĻ֣ΧҲ˿
Ǭ޼ɫ֮УֱܿΣĴڽ⸱³
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Χȡأڲһٶʴ룬ֻʮ޼ǿߣ޼ħ޼ʶȴҲڰѪ
Ӥħ̥󷨣
ٶѴ࣬һһƬӤħЩֿٶȥǳֲħʳ
Ȼʮ֣沢δֲӤħǿ֣Χ賤޼Ͼ޼ǬĬʱƺһͨʿȻڴʱͬ
ִ㵣¡
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뵽޼ǷƣߣɱǣҲԸһ
ʶôȼա
ֿһǿߣ޼ħأ
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޼ħʹЦ־ͬı
ǬһͷԣҲҲĴϵһ㿴жǿߣ¾ŴɱҲֲ˺ôŴջԲ޼ͷйձػɱɳ½ϲΨһ·
޼һˣŴɱǸܱ˵ͷҪǿúҲգ
ˣ
޼ϾͻȻ˵ˣٳĬ޼ħ޼Ϊһͷɸһɫ֪ͷʵ
ˣѵǣĥǣҲ潨顣
޼ħһ壬ЦҪɱҪУϤ㣡
ɱÿÿһѡ޼ħ޼ᣬѡҷҵ֣ĴںϣҲѹϰ˷ɢޣʱٽ޼ڣ
ɹ޼ڣҿǱ֤ǽ̫ϴϣӵһ̡ءȨӷḻڶѡȻʣ·һ
ѡҲǰ˵ףһúѿὫƳΪܣҲԪǳΪʬ⣬Ȼһ䣬ͬǣֻӣӴһһкѡɣ
ٶǿߣԼ·ʮ޼ŵӣʱɱ֮ڵʿʼص
޼ЦΪסҵȣһ
ְɣݵ÷ϻ޼ħҲĬĬȴš
Ӥħ̥󷨣
Ҳٶԣ޾޲һ˿ɱ
Ӥħâɲû޼ħ޼
飡
ͷƶʱ飬Ӥħǿ顣
Ѫ󷨣
һ֣һɿֲħӿ֣ΧƣҲʱΪȼħ档
һΧи֣󲿷ֶ𺳴棬ǹҲ벻澹Ȼ޵˾׵ħ
ˣ
汾Ӥħ̥󷨣ͷͨԪ֮ʣѪɾͷѪƿܣȻ뵽ʲô
Χ֣޼ǿ󷨱޼̺ܣҾǴ۽磬ǰ޼ڣͨжô죡
ʦ֣ͻȻ߳


1050 Ψг
氵֪㲻Ԫ󷨣ʿУֻҪ߶ԪңͷճǳѹĴĹؼʱ̣շľǣ
ʦֵģֻӱסſ˫֣߶Ԫ󷨣һɹ޼ӿâ֮С
ԪͷŵħںһΪɴСγһģѹ޼ħ޼Ϸ
޼ָͻȻֻΪ״̬ɲǼ޼ħ޼ΧϢж֮С
޼ħ޼ϵϢҲһ룬ͷҪֿκͨԪڱӤħ޷Լȫ
ͷţϢʼһ˿˿ǹ롣
տʼж죬ѪرУѪ⡢ƤϱðϢ˺顣
ء
̲סʹ࣬ҽС
Ѫرģγȼ֮ƣеȼϢԱġ
ͷ𽥲԰ף𽥱˺ѣѪĿ֮±ոɾ
ҵҵ
޼໻֣뽫ճȥץ
ζҲͽ͵ġ
ǿԺúǺ𣿡޼ħʱɸʬ˫ͫ
ƯһС
Χ˲Ĭ·ֹͣ꣬ļֶΡ
ܻһͷ
˱ǲģ۹֣ҴӦǺôͷᱻƳ
ͻȻ˵ˣǿͷǴ
֮һץɾͷ֮УͻȻУֻΪѪɫӡ
͸޼Լͷе
ллˣ
۹ֿɲ
зݣһţͷʵһδԾ޼֮һǧһԾһͳɳ½Ϊžͨ
ͨ޼ڲŷɵԼԴٶʮͬʮٶȳԽͬȾʿ̶ʮ꣬ӵ˰
ֻһץһſѪɫɡ
޼ϾǬ޼ԼΧһ޼ǿ߷ȥ

޼ħ޼һ̣ɹ룬ؤ¿ͷ
ƾͷģδݣüͷҲδգ¡
Щ֮ģƺҲɱѾֻĬĬ߶Ԫ󷨣ԴӶ
ΧһƬţ˫Ŀ£޼ħ޼ϣǲҾʧ
ֱ˾Ư֮£Ҳ˿ʮ޼ǿߣ֮£ɣԭز֪롣
޼Ͼҡҡͷ޼ħ޼ˡ
ӡʱҲֹͣͷлΪһƬѪӿġ
޼ħ޼ʬ塯ȴͻȻ˹
Ưת湪Ҽ˿Ѫɫˣ
Ŀⳬʮ޼ɨȥƲԳԷƣ֮ǰѸ޼ħ޼ѡ񣬵ǷҪѡΪУҪѰȻлᣬѰǡ
ҵȳ
ʮǿѡ¡
ҵҲ
һЩѹǿߣҲæ¹
浱ʩչӤħ̥󷨣һһԪͨԪ˭ֶΣ
һĻҲǬ޼һѵʱ֪Լѡ񣬷³
ȥ޼ڣ²˳٣óû
óһЩѪһٶǿߵ¡
֮޼޼ħܴ·ٶִ޼ŵʧȥ
޼ڵ˸ʱԿ峬޼Ǭ޼ڡ
ǵ̺֮󷨣һ߶Ա֮֮ǿС
氵޼ʮ޼ǿ߿ָ£Ϣݣš޼һˣ󷽷޼ڡ
Ǭ޼޼ħҲǰĴͷһֳ֣ͬҲʱʱ̿
Ц޼Щػӣһ޼ͽ󷨴򿪣ӭ˽С
ڲ桢Īаǰ֣Ҳ㣬ʼ½Щ廹ϡһЩ
޼߶乬𣬵޼һ·޼ڸ߲ǿߣӹ
ڣϢȴţͬʱҲü޼ڸ֣Ȼ۹֡޼Ͼ뿪ȥء
ȷһʧ
ʱĴǰ޼Ϊ𣬿ϧ޼ڸ߲㣬֪ʱѳпܡ
Լٶִ߲֮߶޼⴦ؽӡ

˾ۼڴ֮
޼ɭɭټλˣǸߴһ£ӴʱʼĴɺγˣδĳһ죬Ĵпںһһͳɳ½


1051 Ĵ
ʱ־
޼ֵʵڰͷҪˣҲֺֻҪһˣɳ½Ĵӽ쿪ʼһˣ
ǣٸ߲㾹ûһ飬ɻ
ʦ֣Ǿ޼ڣ
վ·࣬Ӱ˷潻š
ֻǿʼʵĿꡣҲЦ
ȥֻ֮жʮ޼ǿߣǳϡִڣܿ
޼̫ϳϣһΪҲ޼䣬νҲǸ֮еĸ֡
̫ϳϼ϶ʮϡ£ʱ˿̣ЩȻԭ
޼һȨߣ޼⣬ǰһ޼߲㡣
Ҫ׿޼ҲҪǿпЩ߲㣬ȷһʧ
ͻȻڲ۰ͷԭ򣺡ţ֣
ಣ
ţͻȻڴϷΪһ̣·޼ʮ߲㡣
˲串ʮ߲ΧݲǷӦֲ̺ƣһһǿѹù£ƿʼ顣
̫ϴһ𺳵
ѱɱǬʱվӽ쿪ʼ޼ڲ޼ƿأ
Ӥħ
Īа賤˴һһӤħʮӿȥʮ֮ǰѹ޼ǿߣҲΧ
߲Ƕţ£Ӥħ֣㣬һͱӤħռͨԪ
£浱泤Х
ʮ˰̫ϳϣ˲Ρʹع£ĽӤħĿֲ
޼ǿĲǿܣ쿪ʼ޼ȻǣԼҷУһлվɣǾ͵ʲôҲδǵĳϡ£õ
ݲ˷ͷԪǶԣӿըѣͨԪƿ֮£˭ģͨԪڼ֮ڷգԪҷΪʬ壬ҲĪ޼Ϣ֪ˣ

ڸ߲㾪δӦ
ĴĪаһ̫ϳϵ·һ硣
ڲһ̽磬߶ڲһǸƯڽ֮Ưš
潫󲿷ֱ봢䣬һָ޼ڵճʹãõԴ͵ڵõ޼һС

һһƬؼ֡
޼ħڡ
ɳ½Ĵǿһӽ޼ǿҲࡣ
ȻҲħεߵһ
޼ħ˰磬ɳ½ڲɢ޾ͷϵ½֮Ҳнʡ
ʱϢݣȻĴǰΧһٶǿߡ
޼ħҲӦǧӭع顣
ڲһȻ޼ҲһǿħͷţȻ޼ħȻ޼֮ΪҲħ
ʴϢмơ
ҲиӦ޼ħʽҲаħٵѪͷţӹȻѪޣҲиͯħƳȵȡ
ͬʽټ޼ħڸ߲ۼ
һˣ޼ǿʮˣղаšŻҪǿ
氵вٿ޼ħһô󲿷ָ߲뿪ʮ޼߲㣬Ҳǳϡ¡
߹޼ħ̫ϳϣΪﵽ޼۷壬һΪﵽ䡣
޼ħȻĴǿһ
ȻǿΣ޼ͬһޣţ͵Ϯͷ˲佫ʮ߲
޼ħ˴ʮָӣӲħҪκһ߲㳹գֲӤħȻЩ˱Ȼǡ
ԵͷӤħ̥󷨣ǿƹһǿԺ
̫ϳҲδԿã˫£ܿͨԪͱӤħӡ
һʩչӦЩǿԪ磬ܿӤħ̥ǿǵͨԪڣһ˿ԼǿͨԪϢϢء
ʱţȴӴ˿̿ʼȻúƿص·Ӳ쳣̫ϳȥ⣡
̫ϳϹּɵֶΣĲ鲻Ը֣֮Ҳ޷ıʲôʵȥ⡣
ȡ߱󲿷Դζɳ½Ĵڱ£Ӵɳ½ûĴֻδµ޼ڡ
濪ʼ޼ħ̫ϳϣ޼ħһЩı䣬򵥶ԣǽֲڵ֮УһһһܸӦ
֮УҲڼУںϴ޼ħ޼ն
͡
ԼĪ
Ѵ󲿷ں޼ħڵһδγ£ͻȻһֲ
Ҫͻˣ
ܵɽԽңϲ
һٶδ壬ƿƻָȴҪһͻƣȫ֮


1052 ͻ컯
һӰ̤컯䣬ʵ˵֮Ӧûںϡ
׻Ȼֲ˹
桢Χػţ֣ɷ޼ħڵͻơ
ͣ
ȫŶ˺֮
žžžž
ϿʼջΪһٱ֣ţһʧȥ󲿷ָ֪ѲԼ
ƤҲ˺ѣȼգѪ⡢Ҳвһ顣
ϳһѪѣƺʱ̾ҪѪ
ơѪ߳߳ࣵر´ʴƤһ롣
ΧʴĶ
ˣҸղж
ȻҪʱ̣洫һ޼ħڵһ¸߲㣬ʱ֮Уһ졣
к֣¸߲Ӧ޼ΪѱֲӤħʵڲʵĨɱǡȻ崦˺ѡʹ״̬滹ע顣
ϾͨԪҲ飬ʶġ
ǵ£ǸͨӵᵽĴѹ֮£ǸᵽŴȻϸϸһ˾ȻǾŴغĵӡ
صӣȻ޼ħڣҲǰɳ½̽ӣ
Ǹ¸߲ѱǸصıŴȻ㱨Ŵ
⣬ίʵδ뵽һ㣬ŴȻ͵ɳ½ҲȻ׼Ԥ޼Ʒƣ֪ͨ޼Ͼץסˣ̿ʣȻĴԼɳ½оŴٵǱ
֪ͨǣ
ͻҪʱ̣֪⵵¡
ͻбʤգҪһʿͻƣǱչأȷһʧ
ܷȥע顣
ΪĴסŴ̫СŴϢջᱻŴա
üͷüüͷҲǴѪѣѪһѪ֮б䣬ܼϤϢߡ
ͬʱӴȻȡ
һ֪ǴаϢѪ
һʱӴȻǴγɵаڰߣһͷ
ӡ
ӡͻʱҲͷϢҲ֪⾿кҲ벻ףҲ̫ס
ڿҪʱǸصѱѹ޼ϾӿʣĴоŴ̽ӡ
⻹𺳡
𺳵ǣĴƿأγ֮£ɱӤħЩ޼߲͸¶ŴӣϢٴɳ½¾Ŵɳ½ơ
Ĵ䣬µ֣ѹŴӣҲЩͶŴ߲ץɱ
Ŵ֪ɳ½ƣֻһҷػΪжд̣ʹŴӿ첽ɳ½֡
סƬֿ̣ʼɡ
ӭܡ֮ɸԴҲʼս֮֮ʣҲڸֵ½Դ챦ںϡ
ͨԪҲӴ󲿷״̬ʼ𽥻ΪͨԪǹĵ£Сǧǹڤڤ֮͸ϢͨԪ
֮ܣ֮֮ǰִ壬Լˣͻƣһ״̬ʮһθо泩ޡ
ʱҲûȥŴɳ½£ƢڸԴ£֮ںϡ
Ҳ̫ɣ·˯һ㣬˫۴â֮С
Լʶ·һϻҰʱգʱ֮ʲôҲûУƷ֮ƿǿգƮ졣
ԶδĻ硣
ֻ״̬ЩϤɾ˵״̬½ݣоһж͡
Ȼǰӻ֮Уһ֮Ϣƿն֡
Ϣ٣о̫ʵξ
Ϣָ֮һЩ棬޷͵顣
Ȼ޷ͣͺǷ棬֮гһһıŭ
ݲǽֳԱһ̲ϣһӰӣðô塣
·һʮꡣ
˭
뿴ȻԼ䣬뵽һҲ·ξ֮У˶Լ֣ξ棬Ȼڷѩʵ֡
ǴԺоԼԼβ򵥡
ٻعĪڽɳ̲ùĴ꣬Ӧξ򵥣
ٿʱȴѲڽվһʯǰ
ʯ񾹹ᣬ·ǹǾ֮ϵգڰа񣬴
꾹ںᡣ
뿴ȴͻȻʧתĺڰ֮Уʶ޷ơ
ˣ
þ֮
ʱȻ֮Уֻͷ΢΢ơ
æ˫ۣͱʪȻ󾪿ֿΧ·ܿξ֮УǸùĴꡣ
Χ޼Ϊ޼ħڵռ䣬ûʲôҲûʲô꣬ûʯᡣ


1053 ͳͳɱ
ɣһʱ鿴ͻƳɹҲܣȰʱһҪ࣬ûһ˿ʣȬ
ԴʩչԪ󷨣Χٵӿڡ
Ǵ֮ڷѩ飬л棬Ǹꡭδĳһ죬ҲǸ겻ɣ
һξȻԽͣϾйһΣٺܿܽܡ
ҲŲƾмһꡣ
ӡꡢʯᡭҼסˣʶĻ棬һӦԣϴβ㱻ѩ͵Ϯ֡
ʼһξǴξ֮Уһ԰ӦһĹ԰һͷľ󡣡
ξܳ棬ǲĹ԰ҲǴڵģΪλ棿һĳϵ
սһδξ棬ӡڼ֮УȻŪδͲһˡ
鿴ϣռ٣һ׻׹бߡ
زغѪɱҲһЩɱ䣬ӣûǰǰ̫𺳡
⣬֮һչԣࡣ
ҲһӡӡȥϷ
һѳΪ֮УȻһ֣ǰųѪ䣬÷ǳ棬Ա˳¡
ѪҲܲѪ⡢ѪĤ֮У˲̬һȦΧҲ˲̬
Ļǿռ侧ӡ
ѧĿռ侧ӡþһ˿ڣԲӷʽ֯һ
ڰʱÿռ侧ӡܸӣͻƾ䣬ȫʵɱ䣬͸оռ侧ӡ䣬ȫ¿ռ侧ӡ֮Ȼھ俴ǳء
ɫ⽣޼½ԴʯסЩںϣԸо컯ҪһЩ
컯䣡
컯۷һݣһĿ꣬Ƕ쾳
һ̤쾳֮еǿߣ³ɲ޼Ҳһ½ΪһǿߣӵʿĪȨ
쾳صǾ죬뾡취ͻƶ쾳컯ʵѿ޼̤쾳ӵ޼ʵԿ޼ͷҲٳ
ִ޼ϾΧͬյأѹʮԾŴǱĵӣδã
ͳͳɭɭĵ
㣬Īаͻƶ֮У޼ϾҲ֮֡

Īаͷųâʮʿ
Щʿ󲿷ֶǶ쾳޼һ䣬ϢӦмԻ½мԶʤݣΪƿ賤ƵϢ
˶ԺԺء帣ءء
ͷѹǿߣʦ֣֮ǰʹ˽һҲ²
ȥ̫ˣϾ㬵Щ˽ϺзŴЩǱɳ½˷յʧɳ½ʣҲЩͨײʲô
ֻһ䣡
ƽʮˣѡЧңһ·
ޣ
ޣ
аħ
˻һᵽ˴ζ
ûиѡ񳼷
ಣ
ţ֡۹Ҳ󷨣桢Ҳ޼֮С
ɲͷϢʩչѪħԪ󷨣ǾŴӣҪأҾʩչͨǻɣΪǴǿ

һüЦ
ʦ֣ȳȥΨĪаųĬȥ
ˣҲзݣмȥĪа޼ϾһͲģҲȴʮʿ
ʲôˣкκ˶ǿߣԻԭ
ǿĪаڶԷУʿаħɡ
ôССΣ粻ǸëͷСӣɶǵˣõǿҲһ
ġ
޼ϾΧʮˣ˫ֺʮ˲䣬һɶ縲ˡ
ʮŴϷһѪɫ򽡣
һɶ󣬸֮ڲ̺Ѫ󷨡ԪԼѪɾͨ

ͷѪɫ쿪ʼϢʮ޷ʿϢգȻ
ԼƤԼѪΪѪɫ˿һɹɱϷѪɫɡ
ͻ컯䣬տյģǾŴǿԵһЦ
Ѫɫٶȶʱӿ죬ÿʿѪðѪɫɡ
һץѪɫΧߵѪâѪâӿ
ʣѪâ桢޼Ͼʼɣһ̲֣ϽѪȼա


1054 
ԣ԰Ժȷ棬ðɱˣһһ
ţʮ쾳޼ǿ߾ǱϰʿӾˡ
Ǿħ֣Եʿֻһ㾫
ɵѪâʮʿħֳԵǧˣܿȴʱЧ
Ļ޼Ͼһͺˣִڰв֪⡣
ӿڣҲѪڷȼգںϹ룬̤쾳֮󣬹ƾѪݡ
һ֣Ѫһ
Сӣ
󣬴֮У賤ҲˣԺûٻɳ½Եǧ꣬͸һ仰Ҫ£͵޼ɵȥĪԼڡ
ǰҪȥʤݣֹͣվ
賤ɰæţ֣賤ҲĴһϡ
صǴԶš
Ҳ͸ûȥԵҲ桭ԷȻƮȥ
ˣ
ϧˣȥҲסһ
ҲҪȥʤݣټ賤Ȼǧ꣬оҲͬ졭
ƿͨʮ
һ޼ҩںϣ̺ѪѪٿš
ʱĪаĴ磬ʮ߸ʬһɫ԰ס
ĪаҲ˲Ŀ
ӣ
ôУ޼Ͼӡ
ֽٵҩĴԼںһ֣ʣ¸Щ޼߲ͷɡ
ŴƲñǶǵ취ɳ½
ַɳ磬޼ħڵмҪȥʤݣҪõΪʦһ濴ܲӪȳЩѹ޼ɢǿߣʴ⼸䣬ǱؽһһĽ磡
Ǵ£ʦֿо뷨Ӻ
Ǽˣڶʱ츲㿴Ǵϳǵʮʱ䣬ҲŸʮĴӵĴԼһٶ޼ǿߣֻҪһ˾ܵ󡣡
죬²˳٣ʦҪȥʤݣҲҪȥ֣һȥʤݴƷһ½ʥأ
úã
һ
ԼӣĴ£Ǭ޼ڡ޼š޼ڷʮ޼ǿߡ
ټ޼ħڶʮ𣬲ʮͷ
ĴԻعĴ桢Īа޼Ͼڴɳ½
δطϳǣֱӴ޼ħɳ½
Լ£ѽûû޼ɢյ磬ؽǻɳǣؼѰ
֮ǸԨҲϢԼʬֲطǴ鳲Ѩ
Ǵ飬ɳ½յ硣
ס˭һš
Ψ桢ţɫ
޼ϾƬ½ǧʱ䣬·ȥΣյ֮У޼ڵ֪ǰ޼ڵżλã
֪δƬ棬㿴
޼Ͼóɳ½ͼһǰ޼ƿʱڴ½ͼһ½ꡣ
ɴӵͼϿǰⷽ½ŴǳأԼ޼һͳ£Գ޼ڵ̡
ٿͼպƬ棬ǰһɶǻ֡桢ʪأһ
㿴޼յƫһЩ⴦֮Ϊ޼ءǾŴ޼ǰս
Ͼָŵͼƫشǰһ꣬һ棺վŴ޼սһٶദ֮ǰϳһ޼һսҲȻɳ½һ棬⴦ǰʿ˴ѰұҲкܶǿҵ޼ڱ
սղǿ䣬ҲоŴ౦ƽַκսУҲһյ
޼أѲǽѡ񣡡
޼ϾϸϸŵͼΪ桢Īа
Īаɻ󣺡ΪΣ޼ڵȻ̲޼ף
ԭ򣬵һԭ˶֪ķ棬ҲǱĵطʱʱ̿̽½ǿߣѰŴǿҲв٣ܵ
һԭ򣬼ȻŴҪԸǣǱػϵǻ޼ٽ磬ܼʱҵǾͳ˻ӡ
ٿɳ½شﲩյѡһܵ¾ŴɱҲѰһʱ䡣
ʱ˿޼Ͼϵ꣬桢֮С


1055 
û뵽޼Ͼε˵滰ӰгԾ
޼ħ޼³ǸأֻʵʵΪã
浹ǺܿףȻ˼ȥ̫ͬ޼ϾĻ
޼أ
ǰ޼ڵҲⷽ½һյأκ޼½ñʿ޼رѡ
޼Ͼָž޼أλڴ½룺㿴˴ҲһսżΪյأҲΪˣΧյأдʬһƬǽѡ˴յƣǳʧȥһΣС
°ͣ˼鵹Ǵ⣬Ϊƣ
û˵ףڲ̫飬޼ȥҲ̫ɥȻγɣ飬һȻѽ֮أ
ȥ
ͼҲ˵ףʾ޼Ͼ·
ٴ·յذմɹʱʱ̸̿Ӧʮ⶯˴飬ҲһЩɢϢ
û˸͵ľŴǿ߰Ѱ
죬½Ҳ桢Īаһμʶɳ½ڲ
ȻǸָϢϢʱʱ̳̿ȻϢ֮УʬζѪζҲǳ̱ǡ
ǻɳ߿գдȺӣǧֻҲһС
ذ˷ֺϿȣ֮Ҳɼ
ǰʮԶһƬأ͸Ҳж嫡
Ǿյء
СĽżʵ֮УҲһ۹ֽԶ⴦յһ˽⡣
յǰǰΪһ״̬ٶȻ죬оԴһˮ״̬
·һЩʬҲдڴߣǰ̡·ִ͸
߿֮УҲͻȻɳ飬ƺϢֻ·ᵽϢ
ʮ޼ǿ߿ʼɧ
޼ϾΣ˵زУǵ뿪Ϊ̫࣬ɳ½ҲɣǴɱ鷳ˣ
˵زˣ濴һĪа
Ҳû
˶ʱ컯쾳ʿһͷ
·磬ãͷŸӦϢϢ֮иӦϤ顢ʬѪ֮⣬ȻӦһЩ޼Ӵ֮΢΢͸
մ˵ǰ޼һ
֨֨
ֻףʹҷͻȻƿն϶Ǹ⣬ԼҲܼѪǡ
Īӡģһ̣֮⣬ʵҲӦڡ
ֻ֮ǰûףΪܷǡ
Ӵ΢΢ʹȻѣĪǾǹӡԵʣ
ɲǳ֣ͷֱϢɱһаϢҪû棬ȴǿĲˡ
飿ʮĴ߲ǿߣΪһĻĿࡣ
޼УȻܿһ̷ʲô
ɱаƣû˿Ӱ죬̼͸⡣
ֱڣ
ѵ綾Լаɣ
˭ҲҿȻʵԽͿգڼɭ֡ʪ
ڵ֣վţߣţǰڻ֮С
һЩ飬ʪ֮гû
ʦ֣ҿʬƺоŴӣҲλá
ǾŴ޼ս䣬֮ͱаɣΪʬΪ֡Դ˾ռߡ
͸桢֮֡Уһʱʱ̿˶֮УʿȷڲԱλ
֮ʮϢ
Īа˵治ʦ֣յɵȻϣɱȻǱд飡
ˣҲ
ͷԪÿС
û˷ԣԸ⣬˭յؽ̫飬Ƕ֣
ǰǿɥڴˣǳ˵Ρ
ʮɣ·ʮ𣬲ԶҲмϢͷš
޼Ͼ棺ˣյҪĻ⸽ѡ
ȴżͿӹ֡档
ȻһƬ棬һЩż͸űطǿҵ޼
մ˵ӦһȻѰһɽͷȺ޼Ͼһʱ
ܿ츲ǧף˽ڲɽͷ·ȴš
ڰעΧ
桢޼ϾĪаɽ´˷غίʵĪ
ͷһ֮
߼ʯʯͷţΪ巽ʩչط֮£ʱΪһ硣
޼ҲƯ


1056 ֮µ
ǺεȴΪ͸ǿ󸲸Ǽˣ޼Ͼʱ
󣬱𾪻ţ
浭һɨȴ߶޼
޼ϾӦҲʵͷ޼ע޼֮С
֮طں޼ϼʼ޼ڲȼգҲƯһ档
֮޼Ͼӽ𺳵ط֣ԼӦȻűϢ͸Χ֮Уǰãã磬ȻӦΧ
ڤڤӦڲͷţ
޼Ͼ𺳴棬ֿ޼ԭ֮м˼飬޼ΪԴѵ޼طѧ
޼޼Ǿķͨ߼ĿǰҲֻգԪ󷨣Ҳǻ޼ħ޼ͨ޼ѧ
󡭡󷨣ȻҲ޼ڣӡ޼֮УΪһ㷨Ǽ뷨ʴڱΪγΪ޼ڵһȻԭġ
Ͼ޼ڵֶΣֻ֪Ƥëˣİ£δԪҲɴ㣬طҲ⣡
漸Īаһͬ޼Ͼ
طԪ󷨶ĪаԣܣǱ½֪ˡ
޼Ͼǿ߶ԣǾš
ӺȻ̾ʦ֣鲻ٰʮ⣬֮࣬ҲммȲ۹֣ҲȥʮʿǱڸ֮Ϣ
̫Ͼ̾Ϣ
ȻɲѰЩ
󲻶ϱһȴ£Ѹʮ
桭ͷŸӦ츳ͨһӰ档
水ͷں״̬ڼ֮У濪ʼںϡ
ģϼԼ츳ӦӦشϳ˷ǡ
ﵽʱ
ͻȻ֮УϲӦˣһ͸ʮǿ޼͸ڤڤ֮Уⷽﲻ޼һҪʲô·
𣿡
ӡ޼Ͼ˿δӦ
󷨳ȥʮֳǱ롣
һַǰ濪ڣ˽Ըо⴦͸ž޼֮Ҳǡ
׷Ҳ⴦治򵥡
໣
ȻӷһŭХ
˿ǵضƺԺ鳱ˡ
ʮͷ͸Ŷ쾳ϢĴԱͻȻ忪ÿһͷʮӴ
󷽻޼ϢĴΪƣƯǰ
۹ƾջҲʼڣʵǿҵȶ֣
ٽǣ۹ţ
޼Ͼ£ƯڰԴ
桢Īа棬ΧʬһԪâХԼԼɼγŤ״̬ԪΧһʬ˲˹
꣡
һӿ˾һ֮ʮͷʬ㱻ѹúм֮
˲һʬץǰ÷ӡһš
вܿͱ⡣
ָŷ棺ӣвϢ͸ž޼ҿпܣյԴʱʱ̿ӰƬأγƬյأ
ĦȭƻЦȥ֪ˣв󷨣ˣֱٽ󷨣
߳
һ㽣涶ƾһ̣Ѹ׽⣬޼᲻档
߳߳׻˸һᣬ˷֮ƣ׽Բһ棬ץ
һӳǰܿһЩ׹ǣҲһЩƷ
Ȼһսʬǡ鷨ǰǳսġ
һξ룬οҵģ
ץڰһͻɽ·
һըѣʯŷɣǿڰ£ǰʯȻ顣
Ӵһع
عһû֮еıأ޼Ϊĸַڰ˷¾ʯʯһʧȥ󲿷Ĳ
޼´ҴңȻˣɼԴô
ϸϸһйһ뾧ʯʯʧȥˣʯʯҲ桢ӸоĿࡣ
벻·һ󡭡޼Ͼ뼸̽̽
Ǿ⴦Ϊģ磬ȸǰ˴ż߿ա
۹ΧЩĴ޼ǿ߾ۼڲϷ
룺Ŵʱ䲢࣬棬ǹƴʱɳ½֣ʴҪ⼸ʮڣ棬⴦սһ


1057 顢
Ѹץһ޼֮ǰ޼šǬ޼ʱյɵķ
ִһЩռ侧ӡʮ̺ռ޼ڳһ顣
ֵںȥ⴦ΪģԲ֮Ǳڰ޼ȴҺǻܿ콫ڲ㶨
ر޼ϾעЩԼΧ
֮ʮ޼ǿ߳˷ɢȥưȥ⡣
ˣˣ
̤
ճŲѪ桢Զʮ˵ףҲмͷɱ
ͷӵ޼䡢ʵĴ򱻳۹õѹƣֻ֮ʵʵſš
Ƿֿж顢⼸ö䣬ЩռĴ󲿷־ʯʯʯ
²˳٣ϿʼжóһЩ佻Īа֮УڣЩʧȥʯٽЩʯУһЩ޼
ʦ֣ģӹϴŴ䣬ٴԾ·ӡ
޼
Χûˣһڱƿն
֮ǰѹʬԼʮ˲С
ǿߣţ֣۹ȥʰԲдһҲŹҪš
ȷ棡
ţֺǺǣ¶̰ЦݣԺҪǵãʿԼУζ̫ˣһ̶ʱ䣬ȻǧУ
Ҳǣ۹֡ҲԵʮ˷ܡ
ôȻеģȥ£
һ޹Զȥ
桢Ҳ޼֣Ϊ滤
ʱͷһƬһɽȣƬɽ֮ټ
õԪΧȻںϡ
ע⸽鶯򣡡֪֮ȻӴӿͬʱΧҲ·ʧ
Ӵ΢΢һЩʹԽǿҡ
ɽ֮Уĵȴš
ԼĪ֮͸һٶɽȾۼԶյأв쿿
Ȼǲ⴦ӡԵʣЩ顭õһЩ鱨֮Ҳ⽫ϢƬɽͷš
Ҫۼ֮ϢͷŵøԶ
أ
½ѰɽȶʱŴϷ󷨻֣ͷŴԪ
ϰ飬ʬ˲צ飬¡־塣
޼
һ磬޼𣬽һٶԪ飬׵޼ڡ
ͷõӤħϱ뱦ڲռ䣬ǿж롢ռڲаʶӤħʼɡ
ֻһΪܡ
ǧʬɽȣ˵ģոû񣬺ڸ
Ȼ˷ʬϳسɽӿʱоӡȻȻ΢΢ȡ
Ȼٴδ˵ʮ֮⣬ǧʬӰ˷֣ĿȻɽȡ
ĺãĺã˴ɷģҾѹ٣Сһ˵
Ȼ
ΧʬΧȴ߶󷨣ʼʬԭؼ
޼Ϸһ˲䣬һƬС
鲻һʣ
ô˻ᣬʩչӤħ뱦ڲռ䣬ڱ£κ顢޷
֮ӿɽȣʮ֮ࡣ
Ӧʬɽ⣬ʣЩҲ
жѹĻܴﵽ¡
ţϵϣΪħ֣ѹٴܴܿʤ顣
ɳ½ҲҲţֶ֡
ţֹȻеȷ棬֮ն
ʱ½ӿɽȣ涼ЩӦӲϾæòɿûҲ޷ѹ˴
£ţ۹֣һ֧ǧɵĴӣ嫻޼ʵʮлһʵࡣ
ڽԱţʰ÷ʩչӤħ׾ͽһںϡ
죬һǧͷͱȫշ
ʱӿɽȣţ֣۹ִҲŵò֨
Ӧ磬ֽţֽҽһصϳǣǷҴ
Сһ׮ţֵͷ
ץһЩ̺ϢѪǽɱЩں϶ɵѪţɡ
۹ҲֵһЩ
ţʧȥ
Ҳ߶֪ͨ硢ڰаϹݡСس硢бˡ
أ
ΧɽȼûضɽҡǶ뽫ķѡ
ɽȰգΡȻ
̫ϳ˴飬Ҳֻķݡ


1058 
ҪϳǨƹ
ţԶȥǷ
ͷԪ·ϳҪǨƴ˴ҾĴҲӦýһֵӣǨ
ӴޣãǸʱǲ⴦յأҲѽɹɵһʱӪ
ǺĴǿʼڸ׼һֵӣһóʮӡ
ʱΧʬԽԽ࣬粻ϱ޼ϣ޼ɵƷҲ޷ѹ顣
һ֮
ڱ࣬յ֮ڣûһֻѪʬ
յȻյأϧûʿֵطУΨһܵظϢ
ע⣬ӿ޼
潫󷨡޼ģʩչӤħ̥󷨣ʮ޼ͷ
·Ԩ
֮У޼ٷӿΧʯʯ֮С
֮˼Ƭ̣ȽĴ½Դ´ԴΪۡ
᲻޼Դ½ԴΪԴͷһصӳ֣γ״̬
ռ侧ӡ
ʼԶʤݽռͨ
̺ռϢĿռ侧ӡ޼֮У佫½Դü㡣
Ȼ޷ռҿʩչռ侧ӡԴ֮вռ侧ӡ
½Դӡ֮Ϊۣһ߶͸׿ƴ
ʦܣڴ˴ƴȥ¸ྦྷʯʯ
潻󣬴ӴʩչֶΣڵ¿ض֮´ʯ
Ҳ޼ʱ޼²ٿռ侧ӡ޼һγš
ɳ½߸յϳ߿ա
ţ۹Ưţ·磬ڲ׼š
˿ҹȥ
ͻȻðཬ޹ı۽ӵðԶԶɵţ֡
û㣬ȥ·ţߺһעһһ
ڣ
æµţɼԪšбЩǿߣڸ߿֡
𽥺ܶ˰صԵ֮УΨԪšӰб硢ڰس硢ϹݡС뿪硣
ǿİţ֣Щ޷Ӧ
ţֶˣǰ
߳߳
ţȼħʱ˱ƣΪһɾ޹֡
һĻŵöٸ־š
ˣ
Ϊ֮ţͻȻ죬һں
ǽ磬𽥳ʮ͸ȥ
ڰڸʮ֮ţͻȻ˫һУٴαֲħ
䣡
Ƿϳʮ磬ȻΧؿʼʮأȻʼ롢ա
ڣܵضɽҡܿǾ޴ţ֣ÿ˶һػϢС

ʮȫΪһԲΣذ룬Ưڰ׸߿ʱţɴ졣
ˣ
һ磬ʮ޴󣬾Ȼ޹ָˡ
ʱΧʮ֣ջʼ½޹ֳӰҲһĻþ𺳡

½նǵյء
ӣոյ֪ţּŴҸҲҪʼ磡
ǳ棬ڻص
Īа۵ǧ׸߿ա
Ϣ˶һۣһͬ˷ʼ߶޼ͷ
ǣ
׷ͶԪ
½Դȼհɣ汬ռ侧ӡԼطӡ
ɲǼڿ֮Щ޼̺֮ռ侧ӡط·ǧ֮УΪ۵Ĵ½ԴʼȼգҲʼ
ֲռ侧ӡԵʣ̼䳯˷ֲµӿ롣
ǹ롣
⼸ǽоԷֲԼռ侧ӡ棬ð֮£ٴš
ڰ£ʱطϯʱһŷ·
شʱΪݺ硣
֮⣬޼ϾΪװʮ޼ǿߣҲʩչطǰʼͷһɹâ֮еĻӿȥһ⻪
Щ˿ɶ޼Ȼ
ٿϷ·Ԩӿ޴âǴ½ԴԴ
ˣΧ棬Ҳرһɹ⡣
桢Īа·ӿâʱΪһ޴ǧ׸߿ա
ҲڴʱΧ˷һâӿŰʮǰ֮Щ޼ǿڴ߶
ڼ桢Īа֮⣬ǰʮ޼ǿߣƢ߶ӡԸƿռϢںϡ
ţ
һĻڰʮ޼ǿǰ໥ںϣγâ磬âҲ߿Լȥ


1059 б޻

һյ֮Уаб硢ڰ
޼Ͼӭˣ֮ǼγɵĽʱһ̾Ϊֹ
󣬻γɣ಻ס
ֽȥ
߿գ治ϴ߶½ԴԴ֮ռ侧ӡͷǿʵ״̬ÿռͨϴ½ԴƬռȻڱƿ״̬
ȻǳƮ죬д½Դںϴ½Դô̶ʱ䣬ڰ棬һ
磬Ҳס
ʱţ˴Ӹ߿շ漤һɨ
ţֱһ磬ٴ޷ݵĳ桢ʽʮϳǽ磬һ
ʮ䣬ԴϷ
ʹˣ
ѹòڷϳ·ı۽ʹ໲ҽ
ɭɭȥǧٸҴͨһЩضҪͨΧԵ
ʵ·
ʱӡʮ˲ʧϳǳƬϣڲʿҲӦƬµ
Ҳιۣ׷׿ʼӡϴʱһͬ
ħߡԼ֮ǰЩܣԶҵطء
꣬޼ż޼֣һʮϢҲƺƵ˳ʦ
ڣǬ޼ڡ޼ڡ޼ħڸ·ʮӣҲ½
ƬڣвʮʿôӴһ֣һһࡣ
Īаʮ˵ӣ˿ʼһͬ޼ӡһִǣһͷӳϢһ
ԽԽ䡢Ȼ
˶󣬵һʱ䣬ʮʿһ֣ͬڳɹɡ
ʱû֮󣬿ʼֹаĪабŶʮʿڲʼԼڲ硣
ʮʿڰ⣬ոսɵĴֿʼһش󣬴󽥽γʱͽ֮ǰѹ顢ǧų
˰ֳ֣ΧҲǽ磬ڲ顢˵塣
ҲǵΧռ䣬ûӡκʿȻȽ顢ռ䣬鹥
滹ڴʮʿʣЩʿΧѲߣԼһЩܾݵ㣬ڰݷػΧ
ʮʿͨ£ϼӳ֡ơ

ȻΧռ䣬ڲʬУܵ
ʱְھضı۽Ӧ
£ˣӦ
ҿھһܵҪȥʤݣһȥҪһʱ䣬һڼд·ʹܵ
ı۽ģǿû⣡
ܵʱֻ֪ʲô£͵ôܵ
ۼ󼴽ɣҲҪȥõ컯Լ׾¶
ѯ˽
ֵڲ󷨣ˣ̶һʱ䣬һЩѽɣɽҲٳප
ϳǣ
һټ棬ĴҲԵ潫ĴȡԴͳͳڴԨԴ֮УҼ·Դơ
⴦潫ԼռʯʯʯԴ˽óԴ
ԴԽǳ棬ⷽԽ嫡
֮ⷽǷյأȻͲ㣬ϢȻռ䣬ҪӳֵӵԴԴʿС
Ԫһ̲࣬סƷΧҪСĪȥʤݣǱټϵɽ»𺣣
Īаһ࣬м𲻻ָ֣ʦ;ãҪȥʤݼʶһ뵱񶥼ս̨棬ǰ뵣ģʦֶܻΪġ
Сֵܣģֻϣһ·˳磬Ϊˣȷȥʶһ棬һ´̨
桢ĪаʲôϵԪҲףͽǣڶʤݷĳЩ쳣һҪһʱ֪ͨⷽŴػɳ½֡
ĪаҲȻб񣺡磬Ҫúǰ
бʮĿǰŻֱ֮һҪܳһʱ佨裬ڲءƵȵȷ棬һҪһⷽյشͨǵܰȻԴҲǵ߼鵤̫ϡ٣֮Դͨӵĵӣÿÿʱÿ̽Ҫҩ
˵ԪҲͬ
س統ڷԣǿɴڶʿ֮УѡӣĲԸ㣡
µ뿪飬ż꣬Щûжپ飬֮ǴЯֹ
ԣ
Īа


1060 ħ
Ҳûټۣ󲿷ȺȥĴҲȥϻظԵ
ʱ硢ڰس硢б˻ڵڡ
ֻСͻȻզŮӣɵҲҪȥʤݣ
涶֣СšҪ²ȥðգ
ֲȥ棬ʲô壿ΪΧ
˾һᣬ桢Īаʧȥ
桢Ͷţ֣ݷ޼ڣһ󹦷Īа֮⡣
ʤǿҪԽ׺ʼ½ʴ½ܵﶫʤݣʮ׺ʦ֣
˼֮ң
Զɳ½һյ޼أ븹أȥ½󷽡
ĪаץŵͼǴɳ½ʤݺ꣬򡢴½󡢺飬ۻҡ
治ΪȻȹЩʱ뿪ɳ½ǽڣܺٶȣһʱ䣬ܴﵽʤݺ򸽽
ͣ
֪˵꣬ҪԶԵͼӴͻȻӿһȡ
飡һ֪¡
ͼΧȻȼճа棬·ֿʼٻΧа棬治ϱⷽʮأԳΪһƬа硣
أ
аΧص
䣡
գǰ־ȻðһѪǡ
ѪǿǴ飬桢Īаа֮С
𵴣ѪֳˣӦһ޴֮ûѪ⣬ֻһЩ⡣
Ȼ̧ͷ֮ʣϰȻİ׹飬׹ʬںһ𣬹໥ɣʹô߰׹׹ǽһ
γһħϢħϢǳơ
桢ĪаԣħͬͷХɱӵ֮ӳĹ
̾δħ
еֹħմսǿһͬ䣬ʬγһ֮󣬶걻ʴɣһܣͷ߹ֻʬˣɱȹħ߻ʵܴﵽ޼䡢߶ȡ

˭֪߿գȼа֮Уںȡ
֪˭ˣС
ôˣƺһˣŵþսսĪаҲ˭
һǰһ󳯺󷽸߿շȥ߰գһȺｫСϹУϹʵﵽ޼һ߶ȣΧаơϢ
Ů㣬ػᱻɱ
Сģ
һ
߶ռҲռ侧ӡ֮бռ
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ڶϢ洩а綾ɱСϹ룬شŮ鹥ʧ
ֻӰϢһ֮߿գ״Χɱ֮ӳ
߲ѣȳ⣺ôĪǸҪȥʤݣ
Ϲٽ㣬ҡҷҪһǡСմ綾ŵò
趯ڰΪŮΧʦ֣Ȼˣһ·ͨУ༸˵Ҳͦõģ
ȶԸͷħ˵
ͻȻһࡣ
һɽʱ˿Ҳ飬һ߹ħ׷ɱ
һŵֹħ֣ʦ֣Ϊ룬ҲճһЩаϢ綾
ͷոսȱǵţһҾѹ
Ȼ滹һ˳ȥ
ĪаСϹ취ԲɣǸвֶΣȴ޷ѹ

ħףЩаƣԼԪƺˣɱǰ
֮ΪһâɱаԪƣа

ΪƷɱƳһֺͨݺݻйħ
ҪҪȷ߶޼һ̣벻ţֵ˵ˡ
Ҳ̫Сã
޼һԾ
ѵһ޼Գ̬ƴѹħ֮ϣѹùħʱ޷չж
ֱԪƣһ˽һ˳Ժ֮а顣
̣
޼ʼͷͻͻͻħС
ƷԪ񷨱
֪ǹħȻ˵ˡ
䲻ǵһ˵һΣĿɿڴоͷħ·ӵʶ
žžž
ħаһڿڹǵչ޼ȻƴѹѣԶȥ
ӵӡҲŹģҲŹġħٶ̫죬Ѿ֮С
ɭɭڷصš
󷨱£ߣ
һںоˣ˵ĪǾң
ǰɵȷ˵˲ӡˣͷħӲȣаƷƷ߶ȣ˼飬磬Ҳδǿħ


1061 ѪԨ
Ҳ֣ħҲ˶֡
ԶԶȥħȷˣ·½ȻΧвΧɱ
ʾ£ĪаСϹݺ󷽣һԶƬаش
ڼͣͣɳ½ٷյأҲܼ޼һЩԼ
ԼĪ֮ڷɳ
ֲڣһСɽʻءֲﵽ컯䣬Ҳ޷֪ж嫡
ЩʵҲǿ޼䣬ٶȸˣﵽ޼һңٶȴԼһ꣬Խʮ׺ﵽʤݡ
ҲУ벻Īаͻˣ̤쾳䡣
ΨϹδϢѪɫռڣΪ裬ǰǰ㷽ܵ
С򲻸˵
ҲץסʱУϾǰòͻ컯䣬ʱʵδﵽ״̬
Ҳţɡ
Ī⣬Ҫռ侧ӡγɾӡȫһ̣߶ʿռ䡣
׻Ҳʱʱ̿̾ϧŪ𸣵ؽ׾һž׷׻ػٱ
󹦷ͨ
־СǧѪħ󹦷ޱ£ǽѪħѪ
׻ְͨԵ
ţ֣úѪ󷨣ԼѪħǿ󡣡
ҲעţС
ڴʱˣӻʼ½
ʼ½

Ӧȷǻʼ½羫
ָӦһ½½
帣ء
ٽ׺Ӵ󺣹֣ԳԽ½أʱʱ̼̿һЩʵƵǿߡ
һδζǿ󺣹֣һ׺Լһһɺؾ֮бŷ
ˣԶʼ½½ʼƷƷϺǿ潥ͷü˽ܿⲿ
һʱǱкȥ
δ棬ܿƯںϡ

ŹһˮڴӺһԾ
ͷƣΧ󺣣ʣ㣬Ǻ嫾·ǳǰ嫡
ǶʤأҲƷһ½ƾһʥء
ΧԺͨһСϢһӦƬϢһο
ԼĪº󣬺͸ˣʱܿһеǳˡ
һЩúľĴֻͣ氵иӦȷЩֻһС̶ӣһȴ԰˷½ʤݲμʢᡣ
ˣ
˿ͨٶУһͨ쾭
ǡҲʮҴֻͣһϢͷŸӦ״̬£ͻȻ֡
ϤϢѪ
оϢִһ˿ϤȻˡ
ںϸӦʮӦȥ벻ֻһЩơ죬⡣
ϴ󣬵ȷ򵺴½򡯵ĴӣһӦֻ
򵺴½
ͷžâ·Ժҹ֮еˣˣͲΪ棬һҴڣ׷ɱңΪѪԨ桯ǿߣ
С޼ƣҲǵôˣѪԨ棬š᳾£һ𲻷֣޼һ䣬򵺴½˳˴һ·׷ɱ㣡
ҵȻҲ֮¼ǵһ᳾ѪԨ棬Ҳòʩչ޼Щɥ򵺴½
ϴǿɲǵʵȫɳⷽ򣬽ѪԨ£Ѫ֮衣
٣뵽һȥˣղŸӦһ򵺴½ʮҴֻʿȻ٣޼ǿҲ٣ûоǿߣǸ᳾ҲѪԨ棡
ѪԨ涯֣᳾ǵö˺޵ҧгݣϴ򵺴½һС⻹᳾ı̽ʯ
̽ʯǺö޲ƾףϴ᳾ʧٱʧһ£ѵһɣ
ಣ
˵־Ͷ֣
һδһâˮУҲһͬʧȥ
˳ź֮ǱУͨ졣
ǰɼʮҴ󴬣κһԽһӴ󣬾񺣹Ưںϡ
ӦѰһϣѪԨϢ΢΢ͷš
ѪԨʿͬһħһѪ⣬ӦҲһѪߡ
ʴϢֻҪӦһΣһӾͲǡ
ʱһҺ·澭Ӧٶʿ޼ͷʮˣ˻޼Ϊ
ѪԨΪ޼һ䣬ȴӺ֮УƺλЩΪߵǿߡ


1062 ѪԨù
ζ֣Īа
ϹݡСҲߡ
ܷŹѪԨ棬ɵɱˣСغȵ
Ϸʮ޼֣ʮ޼ͷֻ͵Ϯͬҵȳ͵ϮаվҺ
Ҳе㷸ѡ
˰Ҹȷ氡
ţִ޼ڣֿߺͷϱֻҪһֻ֣ܽҺץ긹С
˫üһ棬Σ
ħּȻ˵ˣϱǣ˴ɷģǺҿκ࣬κβңţֽ֮ԼҲûкβס
ɲ濪ʼͷ塣
忪ʼûܿ컯Ϊǧ׾޴󣬲Ϊ֡
Ҳץû֮ţִӼǰâ֡

һƶǰˮ޷γһ״̬
ߣ
ţ廯Ϊʮɶߴ˳ץȥұ۾Ȼںˮ֮пʼ޴󻯣ƾһɽͷӺ³ϷҺ˻ץȥ
ڹǰԶСģӼһĻ־ϲţԼһ
ǵ˵ĻζԿ
һ˫˫£ţִȥһ೤
˳˻ͻȻΧҴ󴬣ϡţִѸײڶ֮ɱ档
֮ιǺţͷһħɷ֮󣬾Ȼֱ뺣£Ǻ顣
ţָѹںϣпֲħѹúֻʵʵ¶Ҳ͵سȥڸʿԾ뺣Уȥ֮ʣһҧסǺڡ
Ԫˣ
桢Īаʩչȥ
һƬâɱΪһƬԪɫ籩ƣ䲻ɱڸոĺϷ
֮ţɷѹƣȻΪƬжʬ֮ڶ
ɵںڱҲ̫ǿҡ
һЩŵʿڴ֮ίʵֲŴЩ˲ǱǱˡ
ǡ뺣ڣĪţ߶麣ɱȥ
һϤ뱬
󣬶ʱڰʩչԪ籩һɱѪԨ棬ɣҿһֱ㣡
˭
Է󺧣
Ƭ籩ɱ鴬壬ٵʧȥ󣬶ʿҲûж
䣡
ʮɵͻȻ鴬壬Ǳһͬ߶ʮڵѪԨ档
ѪԨΧʮ޼ǿߣ״̬࣬ɢ㱡
֮ѹô飬޼ǿ֮УȻҲһ³
֮ʩչƷԪ籩ƣѪԨӻܺõȥ
ಣ
Īаȥ˺󷽣ʩչڰʱɱƣ
ţǰײħ⵱ѪԨ˾һٴ͡
Ǻˣѵ֪ǾŴӣѪԨ濴żˣʵЩͷ
עС𼸷־㵣Ѱһ󣬶ʱһָ㡢СӣƼҵ̸Ǹ棬ƻҼ£½ţµ̽𣡡
СŵòΧǸ֣ΣϹֽһ
ǡǸأŴ˴޼ˣѪԨɫٴδ䡣
ô
滺ڴʱ߶ò仯Ϊ
ѪԨţ棡
ͶˣûңҲҲһֱǵã򵺴½һ·׷Ҳŵġ
˵ͳţʹɫ
žžž
ţĮȻֻħɷһ
ѪԨʮ𣬴߶Ƶĸ֣Ȼһƣѹöʱը
ըڲ飬ʮָû˿ֿ
ȿȡ
ʮ˴ӷ֮ǱţɢΧһЩͿѪ
ǿɶ޼ǿߡ
ΧЩ鴬壬ʮ쾳߽λʿţʱ޼ͷҲм֮һһ۵Ҳò
ಣ
˲ƬΧΧѪԨǿΧ
߰ͷ­СȥʰΧʬ塣
ѪԨ棬ӣƼҾͳȫǣ
Щ˲ضѴࡣ
ڹʩչ֮ͻȻͷӤħ̥󷨣ΪһӤħǿжΧЩ쾳֣Լǰʮ޼ǿߡ
̣

ӤħһӴԣ˼ڶԿ֮£ֵܵӤħ̥󷨣
ʮ޼ͷҲֻǱӤħɱؿռ䣬ͨԪ
һ⣡
ǾѪԨ棡
Ӥħոɱأ벻ڲһɽԪ𣬷ɶַ·ҪûѪԨ棬յԼҲɱ
ԪҷգһĻ澪
ĪаСϹҲŵ˺һ
ˣ
ڰ˵ѪԨҲֲ½ƣͨԪǿԪӡһⲿѪԨͨԪ񣬻ԼԻӡԪ֣ͣȻҪ


1063 
ಣ
һģѪԨԺһӤħ
ԪȻѪԨҲٵƤѪܰ벻٣Ѫ״̬
˽˳ֲӤħʵʵҶ
ѪԨʱǰǰ⡢ԵߣɱҰɣҵԪͱ᳾ֲӡ
˻ҲǷȥĪа֮Աǡ
Ҳɱ
ĿƶƬ̣ѹ֣ȥȴ
ƬҲ˳ȥ벻ǣоȻһӡȻ̡
ڲһ䣬·ʲô챦
öĪаɲ
ıֵͦģӶڰһɱ¡һⲿӡ˲仯ΪƬ
ƿһ벻ڲһռľʯʯʯһʲƸ
ǿ߻ӦҼ׸Ժģ
᳾Цˣӵǽ䣬ġ
ѪԨ˻Ƶ棬㲻úŹ㣬ŴҲŹ㣡
֪ϢҸɥ
ƲƲ죬ͻȻɱһƬâԪ籩ѪԨ̽
ְ֮һԪ񣬶ѪԨüġ
ʱ˿̣ѪԨԪ
һԪȼ֮УԪƿնҲйĵ±
ֻѪԨԪźɱ棬㡢컯ԪɱҵԪ֮У
ϧƽԱ޷ʩչΧԪ֮治ϻΧԪǹĵ£κԪ𡢹ƣ׷顣
ĵ··СǧӵԪ
оƷԪ㣬ҺΣ
󷽷ɱԪ룬ѪԨͨԪ񲻵һ
㡭ƿԡ
Ǵ߶һƬԪҪ档
֪ոɱһƬâԪ籩֣Ӹ߿չɱ㽫Ԫûˡ
㲻Ҷ֣Ԫ񣬻ʵҿɲʮǰʶǸ棡
һн֮УԪһƷӡƴﵽ޼߶ȣһΪȻ޷ԿӡҿΪ㻯⣬ʴҲһ
Цֻңƿң
ͻȻЦЦ
ˣ
âԪͻȻѪԨѹԪ޷
գ
ʩչӤħ̥󷨣ͻȻһԾΧâԪϢ£һڰӡɱѪԨͨԪ

ԪٴοʼѪԨ棬һͷʱԼ
̣
һڰԪӡǿɱӡ֮УԪ𣬼ѪԨԪٵ֮ʣһա
꣡
ѪԨͨԪ飬ԪҲ˲ʧ
ȷ᳾ķӡҲܻ⣬Ԫ֮ͨѪԨ棬ɲ٣ɫ֮ж澪Ϊˡ
᳾޼һ֮оš
棬ֻһ컯ӲǾŴӣ᳾֮
Ǿ磬Ҳ쾳һ硣
ˣ
Ӥħ˲ûѪԨԪ
ѪԨԪֶһɫ֩ӡ᳾ӡ
һЦʧȥ
ع鱾֮ѪԨҲ˫ۡ
Ҳɱ㣬ΧЩ޼ǿߣЦӦ뾡Ҫ׷ɱң
·ѪԨҲˣ侲ࣺ㵱겻᳾Ϊ׼̽𣬻޼ƼôܷŹ㣿᳾ҵ㣬ȥʼ½㣬Щκʧʱ򵺴½ؿǾ㣡
Һõʱˣ
ԶǰʣΪŴӣƼҸĸ֪ŴζԸ޼Լ޼ɢޣ
Ҳ˽⣬Ż֪һЩŴ䡢߲νԻʤݡ
ŴԳ
ǲҪԸ޼йʿԼɢޣҲҪԸǰãħڣ̶ʱһͳħ½ħڣЩһֱӶԴץǿߵ֯ʥ̡
δ¼ŴҲû£ҪԸħ½ʥԼɳ½
ˣټʵʵ֪֮
ĬƬ̣üʣžŴҪڶʤݹһЩ޼ɢǿߣ
һٶˣǰ˷½֮Уһ޼йصɢǿߡѪԨƣش
ħΪһͳħ½ܷħڣʱ뵽ħڣ֣񼲡
ƺоħͷڰ֧ħڣҲͰʱ䣬ħھ̲ħڣһͳħ½ֱ޼ͳһɳ½Ҫ£ʴ˵ԾŴԣѹħ½ң
ЩʵˣԺΪЧԲ㣬ҿӵкǿѪָ⣡
õô൱鱨滹ҪĪаͨ
ѪԨԼ־޼¿ɺãֵõʮ޼ǿߡ


1064 ʯ
䶼һ䡢䣬ֻһΪЩ˶ڣܵõ᳾أȻЩ
ֽʬٷٻ뾫ΪѪѪԨɣǿٻָʵ
ԶǴ߿գС
Īаһѹ֣ô־Ϊãʮ޼ǿߣʤݴиġ
;ԽԽ࣬ؾҲǳ磬ܼʶ˷½Ĵӡʿ
ʦ֣ǰ޴죬ӦþǾ붫ʤݺܽġɵ
󣬼˷·о½Ϣһ޴ҲǰǱ½Ҫ󼸱
һ졣
ɵԼ¼Ƕʤݰ˷֮һʤݵһ͵죬
ȥΧͣ麣ԼĪ֮࣬Ҵ󲿷ֶǵŴһ
滹ʼ½Žɡʬ̡ڡʼ½ǿһЩˡ
Ҳˡ
ɵδǿ縲ǣʮȻʱʱʿԶ
Ҳû̽̽ϢȻոͿսֺ͸ӦһϤϢ
ںϸӦڰӦһǳϤϢ
̫ӣ
ԴȻкӡ󣬵ðȽ壬һаʿ
һ嫳ǳسˣһƬƬɽϷռ
ֱʼ½һǳعģ¡
ʿϢҲ鶼ǣƲǧˣʱʱҲܼŴӴӰԽ
ʤݲʥأһ˹ģ֮Īаȷ̾
СҲ󲿷ʿҲ컯쾳
ֵͨ˴ǳؽֵڸ״һɽʿ֮Ҳваħ֡
Ҳ٣滹½ɽׯ鵤ۡ
챦Ŀֻڹżϼ
ˣ
˳ڳǳعţʱĿע⵽ʿ֪⼸˿ѰйϢȴӦ
ħǽѪħζٴθӦˣʮ⣬Ϊ⼸ڷӡŽѪħ
ҲֻǺ⼸ۣϾʤǵһ½ħʿҲΪ棬֮棬ħ½ħˣҲʲô¡
̵ֽʤϢŵ֪棬ڶʤԺһΪȪɽС
ԺҲİŽԾԺ
һ˷
Ǵѹħɳ½յأԼԻʥӺʶˡ
Ȫɽ
֪ͨȪɽǶʤԹҲΪһϹɼ档
һţ˵Ȫɽ˵ӵ˴Уʤ๦⴦ż
˵ԡͷ硯ݣȥҷǸײμ棿뵽񣬲ɵƻ
󣬼ǳԭƻ뿪СҪק棺ɵǶɵȥһء¹ȡ
¹֮㣬ȥĪͻƣ˶ȥ￴ʦ֣Ҳȥ
һҲܺ棬󷽷ȥ
뿪ǳزʮͻȻǰһɽȣɽ״һְ¡
ٿһЩһֻ۾ɵԣۣ۾Ŵء
˽ԸӦҪΧңʿ¹ڲڲɽˮ
滨쾰ʤգ桢ĪаҲŮɽ֮о˾¡
Ŵһʿ洦ܼ½һ۹ӡҲżʡ
¹֮ţС۹
󣬼һɽλãСϹЩƣҲԣӵȥһٲ档
ϹݴӴóߣһŹ£Χպвʯϯضܿˮð
˾ƬϢ˵صȷһо֮أڸϡܼһЩʿڴϢ
Ҳѵ˻õɣ֮Ϲζ㣬ʿζζ潥Ҳġ
ΧȻǰһʯ
ʯأһְ¡
Ǹһֻ۾
ڶʯͷ֮УʯҲ״Щ֪ΪΣȴ͸ʯʯʣƺе㲻Ѱ֮
ϹȥˮʯԣһʯԼɣҲ̫⻬еĵطҲ̦
ִʱ֮ǰδ˿صطȻวһ󣬾һûƤһ˲ںϣһ˲һƮƮȻζ
ʯͷ
һ벻ֻǾʯͷЩֻ֣Ǻ棬û뵽ʯͷʲô֮ͬ
ظһ󣬲һ˿쳣Ϣ


1065 
ɲǼ߶Ԫ󷨣ڱ棬ʱϺʯͷ֮һ˿˿
ʯͷȷϷӦܣΧɲ˲
ʯͷѰɣʵʩչԪ󷨣ʯͷ֮ӿຮ
ӦҲ͸ʯͷڲ
Ϲݻ󣬼ɣҲδţڴµȴš
ö֮ĸӦӦ֮󣬽ʯڲ
ʯͷ㣬һʯʺͨԼռɣڶʯȴһɺռҡ
һʯʾ΢΢˸âҺˣǷһЩγӡǡ
ЩӡʲôĿâʯͷΣƺһ޷ƽЩӡǡ
ڣˣЩӡȻɣҿӦǴ֮еġۡ
ۣ
治ýͣʹأһоϿ˵ǿʩչͨʱͨʩչȥںܿʱɢĳЩǿߵи߲Ī⣬ʩչͨǷ¹ơ飬Щ֮УҲ̺ʩչĹʱͻữΪۡ
ˣǸʩչ֮ĳЩԭӡǡ
ˣ˿ָ߶ȣ㣬ʩչɱȥһṦͻȫɢܻȻ֮Ȼֻд֮еˣͨϢŻΪĳЩϵ³γֵӡǡ
̺Ϣǿֻ䣬кã
ȻãǴôǸֹɣôоֹ̺ĳͨһںϵУܵõһͨǹǴֻȵȲѧ
𣿡
ôһͣʱʼȫʩչԪ󷨡
ʯϽڲϺڣЩҲһɹɵرڡ
壬ͽ
죬ейɵγһЩ󷨣ԼһЩƮ֡
֣Ϊδ۱գ𽥻ΪƮͣˣ޷ġ
ƺʶ
˼һ󣺡ģҲǸ߼ģֻӵʵӴЩط֮ˣܽ⿪ֻܿ񷡯֣
񷣿
ˣΪβԣ
桢ʱ޼ڴԪ
𣿡
ȻУշѩڣΪҲռоֹġƪ
㡭
ڲдֹżѩԼҲ·б£ܽƽһЩͷ޷ĶĶҸˣҲϳһЩ
Եúаա
ܿͷ£СԪ
صγһһâã·âһֿе
þúŻˣֻʶ֮һģɲһģģľ죬ԽʱգĲҲ֮Ϊɼ
ɼ
ֵŹֵĵ㿴Ƭγһ󣬵ϧ󷨣ǲ֮һҲ˵һ״Ϊ󡯡
ͨԪͳͳƬġ

ԭһ״󣬻ǽ
ϧ֮һ޷ˣ׽̫£һҲԣѩ˵Ҳ˷Ѿ
û£Ǿ˴޷գҲҪһ֮գ
Ⱥ뿪Ҳʱӡ
ĪаСŻſ뿪ɵ
ˣ
ںǰУΧҲʱʱʿǸһǰУʮ׳ۡ
ִ֪һ̴ӦϤϢӦǽѪħϢһ̴ϴ󲿷ʿ԰зӡŽѪħ
вħʿʤݡ
º󣬶ʤڳˡ
оһ磬嶫ʤʱ䣬Ѳô½ݣۿȥҪȻʼ½޴
߾һϷ̨󲿷ʿ̨½ȥǴ󲿷̴ڷ̨Χͣ
̨һԭԺأһ󣬲ʱһʿȥȥ֮ٳ
ΨϹݶ̨֪˵ӦǴ󷨣ֱ̨ͨӽʿ͵ʤڲ
ĪаĦȭƣǾǴ󷨣ʦֻ֣дֶΣҲһΣ
úãȻҲ鲻
̨ԺӾǶ쾳޼Ҳв١
κʿ̨ȴΪεȴ
ΪþŴʿ󣬻Ժйϵ֮ˣŲŶӡ
ǻʼ½һҲС
̫ӣ
ȴУ˾ͨʿ˳֮лǰ


1066 Ժ
벻һ˶飬ͷߺȻǻ̫ӣԼߣǼʵ޼
̫Ҳ͸޼ȻҲǿС
ǻʼ½ҲûȨֻȴ
ԭδҪǮ
ǰʤξ棬̻ڼ䣬ʤݰ˷̳Ѵʿ
ֺ¾ȻϣҪ֪ƽʱһΣҪʮƷʯ
ڼ伸ҲΧʿ۷׷ףҲ֪š
̤붫ʤݣͱⷽ棡
ֵ֮ˣ֮ǰԺӶÿһ
󷨺ڲȻӡ
ֱͨԺԺԺѡԺڣʱˡ
ִһᣬպǧ֮ͻȻһΣ˾ͻȻʧȥģ崦ʧ״̬
ܶ˸оţָоκ֮ͻȻһ̿ȻϮһڲ
ԺԺӭ˷ͣҲλرԺأ
򿪣Ժӭ뿪ͨ
ֻҪϢʹӺԺ
֮߳벻ԺһɽԶһǳء
˿ŹءԼ㣬һǧʿӺ󷽴㱶
˱ָԶǳطȥǳǡƳǡԺƬ֮Уֻһǳء
ȻԺҲкܳһξ롣
ƳǣдŲͬ½ϢϢʿʿֹ
ԺʱʱڰѲߣǳȻʿӣû˸£˭ָԺƤǡ
СҪקϹȥϡ棬桢ĪаպѰһҺ¥׼ȥ
˵Ȳڣ
˭֪ͨˣ¥¥£һֻŻûţͱ׳ס
Ȼ˿ƽƽ棬ֲ޼ǿߣûǮûΪֵطѣ
˼ܽΪǲܽӿȥ
һ׳ҲǶ쾳߽λΪͷѹƶΪ˼Ǯƣѿɲͣ극ûǮʱűڣ
ͱNɪˣÿ
úһȺҲҪ꣬ͷһһŮۣͷǿ޼ơ
޼ǿߣ
һȣʲô˶ܽ
ԭλ͹ǻˣ׳ǿн桢ĪаƿӭһһŮǡ
ӣˬżˣ½帣ص𣿡
ϻмߣüͦأ˲ͷ帣زơ
˽ͻȻ弸ŹץƷʯǼ˭ûǮ
Ʒʯ׳ʱӡ
ˣ滹ǧƷʯȻżŹ棬͸·һȺؤ
룡һλæӴ˽ꡣ
֪СԪɵǣ
Ƕ𣬸ļϺ÷䣡߲Ʒʯӵͷ˲ʧ˳
žžž
ߵԼ׳ȥ⡣
ǿţǶϲ·Ժ۾ż㣬һˣתص
׳һĻֻǼõʹͼƷʯؤ
Ȼ
ŸֵһתֵڣһȺΧ̷ֵ̯۸ۻͨƷ
ԼϰΧ࿴֣СڷſɤӣһŮӵһƤ
ϹȰҲȰסСԷƤԷֳһŮӣƤŮӻҲźüƺĶ
̷ϰ弸ǹǰһһ᣺λ̰С꣬ڣʱԺִӣ̯λҲҪûգǼλҲҪù
ϿģƾǺϣΪŮˣСͲҳѾģСĻ֣һƷ
ҶˣģŮӷڶʮȻҲʹӣǿСö
Сǲ£һƷû۸˵ģȵãģУ㽫ǼƤңһܿǿǣ
ŮӻŮӣƤ⻪ԣû˿һǳ԰ٻĴ½һ壬ǸߵƤϣ󡣡
С𼸼ƷŮӼգֱС
С
ȺͻȻһɾǿƿһ桢缲
ȴʲô鷳أ
ԭ
аְĪǴҪСŮŮ벻ŭ桢ӡ
ô˭ûأѶСһ桢Ӹ˾
ȻڶǰûվСߣˣҪǣ
˻һΪ˭֪ǰŮ˺һϸʼ档


1067 ͷ
СɲˣһӣٶΣҾҪЩ㿴ǼƤ
Ƥ
ǱʶֻȰܣǷǣ滹δעν
ŮӣŮӷǸϢ޵ĺܣһøֶηӡҲòɷ
ŮӣƷƤɲһ
Ӧһ塭ĪаҲݡ
˱˲䣬ŮҲʶסŮӣĪǻȥ
СȻǿƣЩﶼҵģƤģΣɵ
ȻֱӳƤ
Ŀ֮£ⶫ鷳ңҿʮ۸򣡡
ʮ̷ϰ弤ڴǮ
֪ŮӲð벽УҿϵģǾң
ٱ
ٱҲУǧͷã
ǧ
С㲻ȱǮҿǼҲǮˣһ޳ܣĪȴó߼ۣóƤǱ㵱ŮӻǲӦ
ǾͱǲСֻס棬Ҳٶ˵һ仰
ŮһСŭҲˣҲġ
ƾЩϣҸС㲻
˭֪һʿͷΧǱɢ
һˣһŮȫ޼ŮǰЩֱӽ޼һϢͷš
·ˣ޼ʿ
⼸˲ͦأ޼ǰףÿ˽Բһˣ
һҲͶʮңһŮǰС㣬ԭҺü֣źõԺǧ𵥶뿪ˣҵҲý
ŮĿӣʱҲһݵ⣺˶۸ǰɣأ
Сһ̱ɵȴɲ˰벽Ӧ˶ʲôã
ϹݰһƳ棺ѾͷƬӷֶ֪λɱ޼ǿߣԺɵ
ʵҲһ㣬СǼƤ
ŮӴ۾вŮԺĸҪ㣬ȫɵӣ
ҲòȥƢŹ֣Ը꣬Ҫ㣬ܸԸͲ
֣ƳǣԺһǳأ˭Σ
ŮӸմһϷͻȻʮɽƲٶ
һԺӡ
˫òһ
λʥ½Ү޵۹ĻӡҮʺơ
Ůλ꣬ѡӽ٣Χ˹ӭ֮ʣȻֱ߳ȥץȥ
ԷһҮ޵۹ʥ½еӷٶȡ
ȷҮ޵۹ӡ
Ժֻһƣ㽫ͻظҮʺƣָˣԺϣʥ½عء
ĻҮʺƿף´ΣˣȻǷǣҲ֪ķа֮Ӧץȥúһǣ
Сһ䣺˶ڣ۸ûб
ߣҲۿ
ҮʺƶȻɱ𣺡жбǿɳ£ûаɣ
㡭˻Сһʱ
ִ
һɱ
ݼʦ֣
ʱԺӣʱ
һԺϷƯ֣˫֣ﶯ͸Ʈ졣
ʦ֣벻ҮʺҲ˷
Ӹ߰صӣΪܾˣɷģԺؽ磬û˿ɶ֣
һ벻˸
һݵ
Ϲ棺޼䡭
лʦ֣ŮӴ˿΢΢ס
ˡ
ӶȻĿŲ桢ĪаϹݡСϣ΢΢ع˫üһһ
䣡
һ̫죬ƺ˲δ֡
ѹϣɫ԰ס
ӾҪ֮ɱصӣסԷӦԺϺĵӣλ֮ߣԺֻ̣ʱͷ
Īа˵ûո֣ҵš
ӴŰԵĿ⣬ӣұ˲ɱǣԺִɱ޹⣬ӣȥúʣ
һȺϣҮʺƵˣǰŮӣԶĮȻ볰Ц
ߣ
һȺԺɲΧסˣԸˣǿ˷߿ա
߰ɣҪ֪£Ҳ㣡ԴŰŮӵ뿪
ˣƤͱҪˣ
֮У桢ӻȺԶȥĸ֡
޼ڣȻһУǼƤ
Ƥ԰ٻĴ½壬ǺСҲãҪǼƤջ
ȴ̸ܶԼעԶЩӰ˵Ǹո֣Ӧ֪ŶԣԺƴͬ
СĬĬĵԶԺ֮һ֮һǸ֣Ҳǳбڶʤ޷ǵĴڣⷽ½ǷѩҲǳɵŴ֮УԺΪǿ󣡡


1068 
Үʺأ
Ү޵۹ʥ½ҲһҮ޻ʵۣʵǳǿ뵱ŴЩ̫ϳϣҲ࣬Үʺйһţ̫Ү޵۹ĴӡҮʴ͡һذ֮еҲǵһ֮еķ
ĻҮʺƣ
Үʴͣ
ɼҮ޵۹жʢһŲ޼Ĵڡ
ȻһȺԺѹΧѰٶڷƳ
СܲˣԹȵɵոΪβ֣СôɰĿͬ֣֮
ԺֻһǲǱɱǱѹһ³ߣ
֮Դӿʼ֧СҪȡƤҲ뷨ʤݣĳЩҪ¶ǼƤҲҲûл𣿡
ߣҲ̫ˣСǱӡ
ӳĬãͻȻ˵ʦ֣û뵽һʤݣǷǣȺ˲⣬ҿˣ
ȿƣʵڲиЩô
ˣҿ򵥣
ִ޼ոһˣ˵ҪúдǣҪǴߣҪͲˣ
ϸǾ͵øı䷽
Ϣˣǰͷ߸ոսͷӶ˵ԶжǴȥĳطȻɱڡ
ɱڣ
㣿ٻЩɻ
һҲ֮Զһµţᰵɱˣ
дǰԶ֮ҪǴڣҪɱ˻ʬۼ
ҲӡϹݡС
ŭҪǱƵ·ߣ
СΧˣԺΪȻЩһ˵ȴǱ޳֮ˣʲôŴ
Īаʼ߬ȭͷʦ֣ô죿
ȻûѡֻΪǿƳǣ֣ܶǴǳȥ֮Ѱ֮أֱɡ
ʦ˵ļǣɱһֲ
Ⱥ˵͸ɵɱЩˣɲܷŹʬ壬ޣҪιʳ
ζңȻӱر
˭Ǳһ
Ժ̫·ⲻǱƵһˣҪڶʤݽȾѪô
Ҫɱɱ
桢ȻԹƽɱҪɱˣ¶ԷӣҲҪʹɱֵġ
ԺڵӣҲʱʱһɨˣӵĿ֮УܿУݽ档
Ҫ뿪ƳǡͻȻʹʹɫ
¶ֳЩˣǵħϢħۼԻԺ֣׷鵽ϣ
ҲŶԲߣԼ·
ಣ
Ȼ䣬ǰңԶֺλڰ֮УȻһȺʿ
Ժӣ
һ粻̫࣬ǾͲĽȺˡ
ΪѺ⼸ԶǳأԷȻһԵȳ⡣
ΧԺӦ𣬶ͻȻǳϤ·ĳط
ϧǰԺӣһʱԿҪʩչӦּ֮Χ˹
ݼʦ֣
ԭһԺĵӡ
һɾ߿ڳ˭оġ
ˣǡˣ˷ܲѡ
ٴۿȥΧܿǰˡ
벻һ˫㵵ͫ⣬âһֻоֲơ
ִ˫֮ͫУģʱҲһ⣬š
˫ͫˣһƲӣʱϲߺⲻǡ͡ͷСֵܣ
ҲߺԭǷϸ磡
ˣӡС⡣
ʱʮ޼ǿߣ汧ȭͷֵܣ㷸£
һɨΧԺӡ
û£һɣûΧˡ
벻һӣͣȷᣬһ
ɭɭһ裺λѣ£Ǿͱִû¾ɢúڳǳѲߣ
ǣʦ֣
ΧʿÿһĪаˣǷ߿սԶȥ
˵
ʮ˴ԭأҳ
һΪǲԶʦֳԶʦǰģ޹ذǿɲܱڹʦ֣źĵ֮УʦӰ泬ԽԶ
㲡Ĳᰡ
һ󣬺ݺһƳԶʲôˣ˵ֻ࣬һ³ǻͬʱλʦ֡
ܣ
ʲôܵģЩĵӣڵԶһʦȥԶţԶȻ˵֪飬ʦҲǿӱʡ
ˣʦκβԶֻ
ҲͬʱԶֺ߲ðֺĵӣںͨӾء
Ҳ㷸ɵ¡
߰ɣ߰ɣڹǱ𣬾͵ʲôδ
ಣ
ִʮˣȥ


1069 鼧
һգںѡ
ʱɫ糣ѵ֪Ⱥ뿪һæ¾Ͳˣȥæ
£ҲֻȥţӦһЩǰ
ʮֿеǼ֣μ棿ҪЩΪ󲿷ֱɣȥĻܴܿʢᡣ
ˣ
ȻΪμȻˣȥ˵ȪɽҲԵúż
Ȫɽҷ½һյأҲԶһżҸһͼȥ鼧ǡԺⷽ㡣񵱼óһ
л֣ҲҪμ棿л
鱨ɣ΢Ц
¾͸ˣҪлֽΧٴתҪߡ
ȵȣ
ͻȻ뵽ʲô׷ˣץһǹȥ޷ó˵ѣܳɹͨ
л֣лᣬپۣȻзŷⷽŷݺᡣ
滹ˣ¾ͷĶࡣ
ٴȥ
һ񣬷ѽĺܣʦ֣⼸ѣո˽ܿǰʦҪԸˣΪҪŹЩʦܣ
ҲڶֻҪʱֹɣ߰ɣҪӭӼĿͼԶȥ
ʱʮֵշһء
Ƴ⣡
ΪԶԼǰɱͷƬ̲Ҵ⣬Խٶ뿪ǳء
ƳֻԺڶͨǳ֮һᵽ鼧ǣԺ֮Уǳ֮һ˽֪
ɽ֮У쳣㣬ⷽǻʼ½ɳ½Ī
;־ǳأ˲ڷɡ
ͻȻζǸ񻹲ʦ֣
ɳ½Ը飬֮һʱһۼҲôǸ֮ˣһΪӺһ㣬ǵƷ磬κδ½֪šż꣬΢΢һЦ
ԺҲһǳԽţҪؽ޼ڣЩ͸һɺеɵ
ºڼһλƺ֮еľ޴ǳء
һƯڲ֮С
鼧ǣ
Сֳ̾棺Ŵֱʣǵһμ˺嫳ǳأ
ϹҲΪ֮һǳأ֮ǰĵԴҪٱϣ޼ͷҲ׵˳ǳأǳ͸ǿؾ˵ô½ԴΪԴ
½Դ
ֻüͷҲǳأô½ԴȻȻ״̬
ΧҲвʿ鼧ǣһЩԺӣԦڰա߿Ѳߡ
СҲڰеˣ鼧ʷǼԺ֮Уһ֣ѩ˵ǳҲ̺ĳȻ֮ǰƳǿʯϣõĹϵۣ̺˵
㲻ʱһƤ
Ժ£̫ˡ
޷ֻΪδﵽ޼ܸ߾磬ʵֶΣзҪȥ֧šʵ޷ͷָ߶ȡ
ףֻʵ粻ˣ̤쾳޼ңԶ𣿡
츳Ȼˣ
鼧ǣˣ
Ӵʱһӣ˸߲ҵһȥ
ں󷽽ȥ
ǧƺ֮Уżǰǳ֮УһâƷγɵĴţв˳롣
ȻҲԺǧӣڴࡢΧѲߡ
Ŷӣ֪ƽʱҪ鼧ǣҪŶӣҪʮƷʯſɣȻݣбʿѽ롣
Ŀ鼧ǽ磬һ˿ϢҲһӡǣȻɣȻںһ·ǽ磬һ֡
汻˵ˣдзΪʼߡ
㱼䡣
鼧Ǹ𺳣Ǻ嫣ǳǳڲ̺жôĪ⡣
ȼס鼧ǲͬǳأҪعأȻǴӣִҲὫʩԳͽ䡣
·мΪﵽ޼ͷҲԴ
Ȼעųǳأ̾·ܿһЩǼ޼ͷĳϢ󷽳ǳؽγһں״̬
Ϊ鼧ǣӦв޼ǿ߼ӳֵӡԼǳҪһӳ֣򳤾ȥҲ˥䣬ԽǿߵǳأڳǳؽڻµۣղŸӦںϢǼҲӳֳǳأһȻں״̬
Ҳ˵ˡ
ֵ۳²ϴڵĵ󷨣ҵ֮Ҳ̺ʩչµͨӡǣԪֶθ鼧ǣȻ䣬δָ߶ȡ


1070 粨
δܵôһǳأŴ⣡
ո˵꣬עͲòӽƿ
ΧԺһһ飬˶ԣ԰˷ʿһС
һЩ̺ħʿֻܱ硣
ʯﵽɵȺһƬͷĳǳأƺ֮Уڲǳشӽֵⱦཨ̻Իͣо鼧ǾһŴʳǡ
СԻ񣺡ΪԺǳػὨɷ硢ַ벻ݳޣ
Խе̣ǳԽ㸻ûʣ֮󣡡
ڽϣһлӽǣʿγԱȣܶ˼ǲǺӸ߸ǸϽܡ
ӲˬˣʿЩҲ̫ˣ
Сһͬټ֣ΪǶʤݣ½д֮ͬԭס񣡡
Ϊԭס񣿡
ʼ½ٵӿԳ½ԼЩǳأʿֻҪǮеλκν㣬ڶʤݾͲУִǳأʿ㣬ǽм󱳾ΪԼ
һϡأ
鼧ǵ̣꣬Ժأ˭£һһã˭Ҫ޻ԭסһﷱϢʿǺ뿪鼧ǣϰУǾǹ塣
뺮һһ䣬˭Ҳ˭
ԭס
ּսʿ͵͵ʩչͨһͷܿԭס硣
ֵҲ̷̷ĶӦоУ۸Ҳܾˣܸ̻ܵᣬҲۿˡ
ֵӶɣֵ֮УȻһЩƿռ侧ӡϢ
Ȼ鼧Щսֵ̺ռﲻָ߶ȣҲǳˡ
֮һЩ·塢ɽǳ֮УϷ˴۽磬еԼһɶʯͷŴâ
鼧ǴǱ̲ͨǴͨ࣬򱶲ࡣ
·ܿ͸ʱ뷨ˣǳǸһ۹һһ磬ɣҪΪˣΪﵽ޼
Ĭš
²˳٣һ߿һæųһƬɽҲʿһӿ
ɽͨ측սֵɽ֮вɽ壬һâɽ·նǰҫۡ
Ժ汨
ɽ·ʱ˻ͷϻ֪漴Уֹͣⱨ
ͳͳذɣ
ԺǿǰҲߺ뿪

˵żü棬˵ʲôȻ͸ˡ
˿һĻҲǸŭԣ֪ӵбԹʲô
֪һһŮʱ
һƲһԵȴ桢Īаһͦò⡣
ԭ֮ǰƳǣĪаھ¥һһŮ
벻Ҳģһô
ʦãֻɫҲҲԼＸֳûЦ
Ժȴʶˣһɭɭһߣߺˣ
ǰǡճǡӣҵƼӹ⿴˿ΧʿֿԺǿǰ
ϷԷܿףһһŮɽ
СڰвճǾڶʤݺһ֮ϣԺϵǳȻ׽ȥ
Īаʦ֣ұɣҿСϹٽ㲻ţΣ
ǻڳڿ羰Եöǳظ棡СɽϹݵ˵棬ȥ
ΪλߣԺڸǰõԴ
ǰ
ûжճһһŮţͿϷ
ԥƬ̣ƺӦϢһ˻һ
ɫ䣬Χ˰нͷӶ
ȥɣ󽫷棬˳ɽ
ΪҲɽ
ʿ󣬽һû˸ǰۡ
ܣǾȻҲ
ֺһͨʯףֱͨɽ塣
֮ǰһһŮС˵Цоˣźתһš
ãΪǲӹֺߺһ
ӲȻһŭȻƣε˵ʿССүǹȣ
һһʯףԷĿʵʵ˵ҿɲǰķ֮
ˣʦµĶճʦ֮һ磬ҵĻһԶⷽԺҲҪҶճǿߣ
ǣʼ硣
Էüۣʲô˼
ӹҳ϶ճǲҵԺ㶫ճѵԺУеǳ֣ԺζԴ㣡
ʦ֣˵ĶԣԱŮӽקס


1071 
Ҽסˣб±ţ
Īаͷ磬ýĪүʹү
ʱʰǣүҲһëë棬סǶճǿ
˦һףɱơ
ջŮӿ̤ϸ߽ʯ׶ȥ
桢ĪаƲںлǷǳˣճǼȻڶʤݸ򣬱ȻԺкϵ
п뾡취
һʯ壬½ҲһЩʿ׷Ȼйϵߺŵ˲١
ʱգ˲в塣
ΧǴһ㳡ߴһ
ŶϧǼ֪ںηǿС
㳡ۼŹʿҲǧԺ
桢ĪаλãճǿŮǰһЩӦΧʿΪ󲿷ֶǶ쾳޼ҲһЩ컯ʿ١
ǰҲһЩʿñ֮ɽ汻һλƤ׵Щ죬Ϸ·ĳϢоϤ
С㣬Ȼһʱ䣬ǲȥԺʥתת
ѽСݣȥﲻ⣡
ֳһȺˣʮˡ
ΪΧһŮӣ¡
ĪаһƳ֪ͨ棺ʦ֣Ǹʥ½Ү޵۹ĻҮʺƣ
ԷҲעΧ桢Īаһ۾ûʲô
һ˵ϳǣӴС㣬ôҲ
ǡŮҲĺܣһδĪа档
һͷ޼ĻҮʺƣȻָ棺Сӣô
ǾͲ򶨷ʡ
ִ֣
Үʺƿ񣺡ƳǷ£ִӴߣܳڴˣΣбѹӦ޷
·Ǻ˲ۣܶԺβδƫ̻ˡ
ƺҲ֪Ů˺ʾȥ
̧ͷͷһ
ӵһֹ࣬һߣϢޣһ
ΡȻһɨģ
ǵģ˵ס
˵ƳǷ£˭Ƽˣִżʡ
ݸߡ
һ΢΢һΧҲ⡣
ƺ˲ڰԺ˽ף汳֮Ƿ
˭
Ժš
ͷ硢ĪаеòϢץ֮Уӡǳ֣𽥻Ϊ
λҲؽʮ򣬵½˷ŲصȪɽ򡢿ʱڻᴫ֮Уǳз֮УȥȪɽȴС
лλǰ
ӹˡ
ɹʤݴҲиõĿʼ
ĽĿ£桢Īаɽ
鼧ϹݡС棬ֹһɳǳأ嫴أǳ縲Ÿ߿ա
֮УͻأһˣԶãã֮аεض𣬷·졣
֮ţִԼʮǧ֮
桢ӡСϹݽǾˣ֮С
ٿһЩžڴ֮УΧҲвʿƯն
ҿ֪
СЦԪԺһͬ𣺡Ϊһʯ񣬺ɫԼǧɣҲȪɽΧڶʤݣ˶֪񣬴űԺʱ仹Ҫû֪ж֮꣬ʷԺ񲻵ûб¸ʴһ˿ҲδճϣʯҲȼƷʯʯҪ̡
챦СЦеĵ
Ȼ챦֪жˣо񣬿һֱûʲôջ񣬴ԺΪȡܣӡ꣬ڼδ˿˿󲻵òػȻ
ˣСβĵкܶ˾һʯøְ취񣬵ֵǣõȥҲ˲˿ԺѪںϣںϷʽԹ޷̽Ȼ
һ˫ͫޱȣԺֶΣ޷ҳܣûκһܷܡ
Ҳһ
һϧϹݣһ̾˵ˣԽǲԽǲǿȥãǻԵһͲĳܣܳƷ磬Ȼ˵ˣںֻ˵ȵ˻δְˡ
˼ˣ˵»˿ҵܵģʲôҲѰѰԵСϲȵƵطȥ
ҲδɣϿ񣬲ŸΪ𺳡
ɮ붨ȥ֪ʯԭ򣬻ʲôȷͷͺͺġ
˫ֲѰʿǰ㣬ϥǴ˫ֺʮʮָϲһɮ


1072 ʯ֮
ǰɼеĵطҲЩ尵ɫӦ˿
òһࡢĿɭˣȴѰʶΪߡ
ȥΧʿһͬ񣬾ûҳֶߡ
ϵȷһ˿û³ʣ̫Խ͡
в֮ʯʣΪûϲմȾһ㳾
֮СϹݡҲʧȥ֮ǰǷݺȶȡ
Ψ滹츧񣬴񣬶е񣬷·ѳԽʤݣʯΨһĴڡ
ͷܶʿվͷҲ˳עͷ
˲伸˽һָ£Բľĸ̾
Сȥط֣ĪаҲҵʯܣΧѰʲô
Ϲһྲȴš
ظӦ֮ϣϣ˲Ӧ˵ɴ֮зʲô
Ҳͷ۷״̬ܿκ·ûģûʲôҲûС
㾿ʲôܣƷ磬ڵʲôˣ
շ֮Ȼ
ˣӦûһ֣ͻȻѡ
˵׵㣡
㲻пԼӳκͨľ𣿡
˵Сǧ
ǰ˲ͨӳϣҼ۷ڸӦ֮УʩչСǧӳ֣˵һЩ֣
Сǧ
ץץԴôһžķ
ķһ߶ͨǿ統ԸĴɢޣ߶ķӳ賤֮У
˵ܳɹ
ٴγøӦԼ֮ںϡ
ﵽһ״̬֮УȻСǧΪһĨǹ⣬ӦһͬŴȥ
ˣ
벻֮УȻһ˿·һ˵һ㡣
ϧôһ֮Сǧ֮УȻֱȻͨûκ֮
ˣǸ񰡣鼤
ҲðһЩ麹߶Сǧո֮һ
֮һ·ƾոˣֹ޴֡
Ҳ˶𺳣ӦǱʩչСǧΪλжҸоʯס⽣ͬȸ߶ȵı޼
ǷƷ޼֮ϣ޼֮ϣ°ٷְٲƷ֮ǴӾ֮
޷ں
˱İ컯䣬ΪӾˣʱСǧӲлںϣ
Ҳ֪һ졭
ҷ챦ӵԣȻ˴߶Сǧж˵ˣѾֻ㻹δںϣΪǿ󣬽һܻ
Ϊһδδ
Ҳܴһ㡣
֪ΪΣһ̾úۣҲСǧͻأ룬Щɢ
ʩչ־Ȼ
·ǹƣϢޱԨ͸ʶԺ״̬ҺΧϹڵȴȻ״̬κ˿ȡ
ˣ
ˣ
ʶƯ䣡
һ·һ
һУ֪һ֪ĸ䴫
ҪͨԪӦԼʶָ
ͻȻʶ֮УһӦþΪֻ̬ЩͬʱƯ֮С
֮󣬻δüĸͻȻʧһվ̬ˡ
վݲ濴ʧˣʧ֮󣬾ȻԵ̬ʯͻأ
ԵʯĿ죬ҲʧĿ죬֮ǰһһ֮ʧʶ
ȿȣ
ʶ֮񣬾ԪٸӦ֮С
һڻָ۾ſΧֻ·һ
ϹԱߣҲʱʣ˵Ȼ
ˣղ˼ȻĳϢǣҲ޷ػ㣬㾿ʲôˣˣ
δһʶ֮УʯһӦ𣬻һվģһԵ̬
û˵˼˵Ӧʯ񣿡
ʶ֮ʯӦġ
ֻһĪǻڶʤĳط
С
뺮ͨ
СӦʯϴ¾һ𣬶Ҿڶʤݣķ½еĻֻܣʯҪӡĳΪ֪һܣʯĳûȥȻû˷
ȻƭԼס
ȻӦǿ϶ģСҲΪ˵ʯڣδҲ̫Խ͡
ǧ˲ѵƷ磿


1073 Ȫɽ

ͬ޼ִڣ
ֻǱӡĳһ֮У
ܿǡ˵ļǣѻǣֻûõϿɣ
Сǧ
һжķĲԺ޷񣬾Уܱѣ
ϢһɲԴ֮뿪
֮أȪɽΧ
ǰͻȻƺ̫嫣ȽƺʱڲɽֺƯա
Ǳ½ԨǴռ䣬ܶռ䶼Ư״̬Ҳһڸ״̬
Ȼδ̤յأ߿֮һڡ
һЩʿԺֺ˶ԣһһС
ڴʱҲ಻μʿҲܽУһСϹҲȥȪɽڲ
ͨ󷨽磬ڲһͰͨ
Ϣһ˽³ʯӦȪɽⷽյڲĳ
ǵ򣬶Ǹ߿գ
ʧǧ˷ʿΧָֺɽ߿֮УǰһƬ߽İɽ
ǰһʯϷŹ϶Ծĸ֣Ȫ֡
ɽȪɽ
ǻʼ½ϣл͸羫һɭȪɽ̫ʿϢɽʿûǧҲɣ
⴦յ磬ÿʿԸӦڲͬ
󲿷˴븡սݣʽΧɽʱ֪ΪȪɽ
ԭÿɽ֮жðȪۣеһĶдԼʮĶ
Ȫ֮л黨ʤţʿȪΧУȪ֮͸ЩΪ
Ȫ֮࣬Ҳ̾Ϊֹɽŵͬɽ壬ССȪۡ
ʿҲɫɫȻʿҲһֻаϢʿҲмħ
Щʿ԰˷½½½ʥ½ѻĴ½캣ʼ½򵺴½½Сʹ½
滹½ɽׯʿҲлʼ½һЩйŵʿ
඼һ½һоŴӵȻ٣ֻмһ֣԰˷ִ½
Ʒ統ǿߡ˷ʿȪɽ֣оƷʣⶫʤһ½Ҳû½ڡ
Ҳֻħ½ʿûг֡
ܶԺָӣΪһ飬һɽѲߣԺ̣˭£
Ȫɽ壬ҲַڰƣΧССɽ岻ǧ·һɽһ硣
һɽ壬ѰһȪϢȪȻ棬Īаץʱա
Ҳ꣬ʱһζ
йУҲиӦȪɽʿǧˣ޼Ȼʮϡ
ôӴһ֡
޼ͷоܼһǲףȪɽɼ޼ʿ
ȻҪμӱȡ컯ǰ׾¶Ͳʩչšаŵ÷޼ʩչֻܴӸռĹȡһЩ裬֮ʩչ˾޷ҵ
ʼΪ׼ҲͬʱҪ޼
ģ˵ǴӺڹ֮Уͻƶ쾳ʱһЩܲع㹻Ӧǿߡ
СϹʱʱΧŸˡ
Լһ
ˣ
桢ϷȻͷŶ
Ժ߲㣬Ϣһͬ߶
ȷԺ֮гֲġ
Ǹ֪ÿߣ
ȸ֪棬κ˲ʩչԼκ˷棬һΣҪִ߰ʸ
Ϊ̣̭Ӣ
Ⱦַ̭֮⣬һյԨУаˣһͬյصԨ֮С
յصԨؿһǡ֡
˱֣ܵꡢԪ־УֹܼһˣԽ֣ܼһʿִ߰ʸ
ڶؿѰǡ
ֹյ֮виâһġǾһ̭ͨӵвμӾӢʸ
ӢҪ飬ַ⼸ɽ̨棬ջһʤߡ
ʤܴţַ壬μĶ
ʵӵڶ־Ӣİʤߣӵеذֶ֮Ǿһδ̨棬ǰʮ
ʮţǽǧ꣬µš
ʮ֮ʮλǵذţҲ¡
԰˷½İһ½ţ֮Уͨʿ̭󲿷˽Իʧȥʸ񣬾ֻʣ°ˡ
ֲƷһ£¹ЩΪ£һͨӢܳΪ˶ţΪţ¡
ġ


1074 ؽ
벻ԭ˲пᣬ֮ǰΪֻҪȨƣٿ֮лˮ㡣
ִˡŴ棬ҪΪƷѡӢδ֧
֮лᵽ֮оԸ
ĪаҲжʦ֣ˣⲻҪΪǰõҲҪ֤ԼƷҲţ
֤ԼҲҵĿ֮һӣǱ½ǣ뷲죬ðǧⷽ磬ԹٿͷǱΪԼ֤˿
ʦ֣ɲףһ첻ٲߣһҲμӣʵдﵽ޼䡢ľҲ컯쾳˵ð̭õǾԲף
СӦö˽棬˵˵
ʱϣںϡ
ÿΪΰɣʱΪĳЩ·ӳ٣Ͻ棬ʮλذҲв٣һһţеĸ̤޼սʤ䡢ΪһԱ
ȵô̭ԼǾܿѺˣԪ񡢵ġ־֮һᱻ̭Ǿֻô󲿷ʧܣ޷õǾźȥ
մһ̭ˣҲͼܳɹμӵڶ־ӢҪֲ֣ǶɱǴ־ǲȱֶʵԶǾĥ־޷һ㣬Ҫִ
Ȼǳ˽⡣
ĥ־Ԫ񡭡ĪаԽš
ҲĬһµӣԪԲõģ侲ɣ
㿴Щַʿʼ忿ҲɣӼ
֣Ħȭ֮˽ա
ʱ˷ò׳ۣ鶼ʿַȥ


ǧʿҪ࣬ɽ˺Ҫ𺳡
ڼһͬӦʿ֮УвΪﵽ޼ǿߡ
޼ͷӦòǲߣǰ˷½һЩ۹֮ɡ
ҲҴͷŸӦ±Ժַ֣Ͼ⴦ȪɽԺأжپͷڰƿأ
ǱǸӦһ˿޼ԼϢѸɱ
ûɣ
廹ʮ봦һ磬ӡһƬԨ
ԨǰʿԼȥ桢Īаоһڽǰȴ
ҺûЩʱ䣬㹻ô׼
ʱӦ˷ڴΧߣΪڶ쾳Ҳм컯ﵽ޼ǿߣڽǰˡ
ʵλԡ
ǾɽΧȴϢ󲿷ʿʱԾȥ
СϹҲȥԶɽ塣
ǰ翿£ΧвȪصԵʣر㣬˽ڵȴ֮
ȪɽΪյأ͸ŸϢһɽӦͱԺ£ûд顢綾Ϣ
˳֮У桢ӴӲ˵Եûһ˿⻪˲
ղ˵ˣһ棬ͷϷһذǿߣǧð½ţ˭һذŶ֣
һаʮذǿߣҪ𣿡
ΧһֱۣʱʿݣΧ˲Ŀ
ҲˣʾǰȺʿ
мʿԼʮ꣬һϿ˿š
һŴͷ΢΢˶濴·ﻹͦ
ЦǺǵĵҴʮһذǿߣҪһС
̫ƽռʮذ½ʿ˻ᱻˢ
ûйƽƽδֱӹ涨һ㣬ҶŹķѩӡӹӡӡ᳾ĸǲμӹһţ
ɶ˶֪
ǧðأ
ȻҲУ帣ص컯Ժ桢ԺɡҮ޵۹Үʴ͵ȵȣҲвͷǿߣ
ֻδ
Ҳв٣ֻҪ̭ܻܰɽׯҩţÿ˶һΪƷǳḻطԼϴеõһ޼ǿͻһ磡
ˣһ˫հ
˶Ǵͷġ
ʱȴڼ䣬ҲֻĥĥƤĥʱ䡣
ӹӡѩɵ֣һ
Ƿѩһй棬һҲⷽ磬ѵš
ʥ½أ


1075 ֮
һʮǿߣ棬òµİ¹ǿߣ
Ǵͷӿ˵ͣмʶҼΪܵ˸߿һۡ
ڰɵҩǿΪ
䣬߼ǰͨʿȻΧȴš
˶Ϣ˶Ԫʶ֮ҲҵҲμӹӡѩз񣬽ԸӦ
ͨǧĺѩҲпܲμ档
Ҫ֪һϤʿ̫ѡ
һ̣Χʿһ֣֮ǰĳЩʿϣӦϤϢ
ʲôϢ޷Ӧ
ϸϸӦЩˣҲû֮
ӣ
˳Ͽ磬ǸӦһϤ
ʼ½ţӡ
˲޼Ҳ޼Ϊ뼸ͬԻʼ½մȾ΢΢аϢһҲֻ
ڻʼ½һưһⶫʤݣҲֻͨˡ
ΧҲ־ŴӣһâɣҲԵò飬·Ǳɡ
Ŵ컯ҲԵüΪȡ̬Գߡ
ʦ֣㿴ǻλ尡ʮģҲμ棿ͻȻק棬ԭպӲԶиҲ
Ǳʶô˲ǲߣзȫһߡ
˷·Ȼعͷ䲻ɨһ۶ˡ
⼷ӵգڱ˵һ
ᣬᣡ漱æȭ
˿һ޼ǿߣΪͣﵽ޼䡣
ܴﵽ޼䣬Բͨ
ʱּһ޼ǿߣȻڿͨǰͿ֤һ£ν֮Уа׾¶

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óʮƷʯ˰ĸ˵ʲô˷ܶȥ
桢Ӷ֪˭һ˲ܴ׬ʮƷʯֱˣˡ
Сеԭ˾ǰ
𣿡桢֪߱
ȷǴƷһ̻ᣬҲɣΪ󣡡
˼רŶ۸ϢϢʮа˾ŶģղǶһϢתʮƷʯ
´½Уͨ;ϢǸĪ⣬ϴ֪Ҳϲ¼£μ棬¼֮зĸֹ£Դۣ
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Сһ컯䣬һ䣬ϢΪҲԽߣӵӴܳΪİ
֪Ҳڴˣ˵λγƺԺη½
ô˲ûж⣬˱ԳԻʼ½ɢޡ
ͷ硢ĪаţǱ½ţпܳɹԽ֣ҪȡǾףЩ޼ǿߣҪԴͷᶪС
֪飺ܽҵõǾñȥμӵڶ־Ӣһ̨̤ˣ档
ӻΪԻش
ǻһѡ񣬷ǾǾңȻˣǣΣǴ׬һʣܻý
Ǿۣܶ
кβܣûй涨ܶǾΪԭ򣬻ᵹ֣һЩ޼ǿߣһذ֣Լǿߣֱǵһأһ˵
ллǰǻῼǣ
澪㵱ȭȻʣǰһ
֪˭ٿȻɫ䡣
ղŲǰǾʹŲ³ǰݣҴˣΪĦ죡
Ħ졭
Ĭˣóװдľʯȴҡͷ˼ûŹĦչأҲǮ
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ܰɣѵһǿߣ
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ҡҡͷڰ˼ڿ벻Ǯ
ҵһ⣬֪ŴѹЩ޼ɢ޸䡭


1076 ʼ
ʦ㲻ӾŴоˣ
Уؽ޼ڸаգƺҲˣӣ׼á
ȻԶǵ磬һʱӿִâһʱѻȸ
âԽŴԺһˡ
Ǵâǽ֮У̤һƬϼ
ϼ֮ϵʿ޼ڣ޼ǿߣҲϢڶʤݵľͷ
ЩԦɽ֮ǧʿԸо۽٣Ѳ˽磬ֻи׳Ƴķݡ
·ߣ߿Ƭϼ⣬һ
°ͷ·ʲôסȻ̿ˮĪǵƷǿߣ޼һ䡢䡢оˣ䡢Ϣ޵ǿߣҲٰ
賤޼䣬ҽӴΪ֮ˣϼϹʿвٽ䡢䣬вٳĴڣֲ賤˵޼Ҳʲô
һ˫ͫ޼ߣܿϷƬϼϵľͷǡ
С˴ЩͷԺһֳϡ̫ϳϣʣµľͷԵ¾ŴԼһ½ڵҲС
ʶˣƲƲ졣
潫ϼ֮Ͻǧ󲿷ֽԼǵ
ʱΧɽ˺Լžߴϼ֮ǰǾŴ̫ϳϡ
˷ֳһˣ֪Ǿʵ󲿷ʿ֪ǡ
λ
Ŵ̫ϳϣϵش߶ƶδڣһΡ֮ϯ߿գһ棬ѹȥǧ꣬Ʒ٣ǧֵ֮ǾŴԻῴһأΪ֮š
ȻҪնึǿԵõرģ˽Իǣ˿ǷâڶʤŰɡ
ϣμʢʿҪԺأɽ֮յأϣĪⴳȥ濪ʼ֮ǰҲһʮ
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ʱϼһˣͻȻƿնһϼ⡣
һʮ˵ϼֻ֮Ϊ
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һǧˣв߾Ӻ̺֮Уǳþš
·棬ҲһҲû塣
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һŮ֣ڻ֮У绨֮еľ飬һŮۣŶʧƵ
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Զ֮ϣΪϤҲŮһ㣬һӢ
¹Χ֮ϣŮӣŮˣ治ʶȴһһǵãҲԾŴҲŮһˮܽأ֮ɫ
ΪȻޣֻܿмٵˣΪﵽ޼䡢֮䡣
֮У֮⣬˼ԾŴɼŴҡ֮ԾŴ
ҲӲԾŴ֪֮ɢޡ

ʮţһſҹ飬þҹ֮УܵĸĽ
ʵλǾŴ߲㣬ҲҪͿԴЩš
һʽǾԾŴ̫ϴϣʱͷһƬâٲ·֮С
ֻ˲֮󣬽֮гһһڣЩһſͻ
ˣ
ߵķ˲俪ʼ
ζűʼˡ
ڽǰЩ֣һڣЩжǲμӹһǿߣжһ֣
֣㿴·ţ֪ն֣һĪЩռ񣿻᲻½ð
ϼ϶ˣһһţҲע·ʿȳӿ硣
һ
˵ΪɫҶƬһĹڵ֡
ſۣ˫ͫ˵֣ɹ˺ҪǰأҲֱ˹ĴӣһΪ㱯һݴ񣡡
صľ֣
ϣܺ³˫лּԣصǿ˵Ц
ΧЩĿԷǰ֮УƷǧߡҲˡ

Ȼ
߽һͬʱ䣬ȿֺӿǺεȳ
Ҳ֮ǰǰЩ˳ͷ硣
Щ඼Ƕ쾳컯Ĳأ
ڻҲΪ


1077 
ÿ˶һʱ磬֣ȻһʱȥǾɹȻһ֡
Ȼÿ˻ʩչų硣
˶ӵܶ޷ɹգɲ˵󷽴߲Щϳϸǰ
˵¸˳Ϊӣ˵ιȥܶ˿޵˭˻˵
ǰɴʿγӣΪͨʿǿдһӣɹ壬֮С
桢ĪаҲŵһʱУƵǲòǰЩ˱硣
˰ͷžΧ𿪣ȻȴŴ󲿷ȳȥںȴš
ʱһ󷽣ܶ˱ǱˣֽˣǲӶˡ
ֻӶѪҲ洦ɼ
жˣ˶ﰧˣʿӺ󷽲ʬ硣
ǾŴô
˭Ҳ벻ǣӾȻǰǵʩչƣŵʿ׷׾
һ󲿷ѳ磬ʱæҲòӡ
˿һĻԾţʱȥע
˶ԷŴҲЩʲô˳·
ಣ
˼ʣ
֪һͻȻΧ֣ٶ硣
֮һǲǿڴʱ硣
Ŷ
ʮ橶һӰȻֹ
ע桢ĪаΪϴκԺ֣˴ĨɱŵӣԶ
ʱ麹ֱð
ҵ˵棬֣ܳס
Ȼܻܺãҳ֣Ҳ޷֣仰˵ֱ΢ϣõ֣ԶĮȻһЦתһͳ֮С
ʦ֣ߣ
ȻӶŭק׷ӿߡ
Ȼ˹ƶȴ֪Ҫ˲ܹͣ
꣬Բܶ
ϼ֮Щ߲㣬Ҳ۸ղŷһĻ
硭
˦ˣ·˴Ȼһ֮С
˵һ硣
ǰһƬɭ֣ɭ֮ͬǣһںڹâȼ״̬
֣
ٳĲߣŵö̤Умߣԥ
桢ҲЩٲά裬κ֮󣬻һЩߣںɫֺ֮С
ֺ֮УͻȻӦܵݵֻܸӦΧʮɷΧĪаһ𣬽ΪһЩ˳˱ȳɢ
ͷŸӦʱĻĪаӰӡ
ûĪаӰӣһЩֺ߳
ѣˣҪˣҪǿ־ԪΪԼܿƬ󷨾ҪʱʶҪ̺Ϣ˼ά
ȻӦӣҲٵʱ䣬޷գֻԲд
ûʲô·ǿһǰ
ʱʱֻ춯
ȻǰͻȻһʿԭ޷˻ڲһֲҲôġ
СһЦԪΪ̫ûʲô־ǴЩӸ磬ˣ֮УӦҪˣ

ߣ
˿޼һ䰡ΪţԪС־
պͣ˾УĹӸ磬̤޼ԴֹඥΪ
ǰʮɣοüʿڵϣǱȡ
ʱȻǰһб΢΢ŤƮ죬Ҳʼ۶ϡ
ͻȻӶ֮£Ȼӿüô鲻ͬЩֻͨʬǡ
ǿ񱼶·Ҫ˺顣
ʶʱ򣬵ܡ
Ҳ⣬Ͻߣô˸֮׷ɱ
ڴʱΧֳһЩЩӰһ֮С
벻ӰӣǳϤϼɽһ¡Ȼ顣
磬ǵÿ࣬Ǳа׷ɱȾңȾǣ
ʿӿкš
ӣҪǻɱҪѪ
һӰ֣ͷǿ߾аҲкɽ򸾵ħ֡
׷ɱϼɽˣ濴һУһʱȥ֡
ͻȻ飬һɺԺ֮ӿȫԾĿ⿴ΧϤǶˣɳ֮Уֻ΢ֻǰǱ½ϼɽĴ硭
ĿԽ壺¶ԲҲΪҵĴڣŵ¼壬Ȳħͷ֣֮һнԷ޷ı䣬ԭңҸӵԭԼȥ֮Ψ˵һ㣬ûȥѿأҴӦǣҲӦԼδһҪΰԼС


1078 ̺ô
˵֮ȻЦˣҵؿŴôɱ
Ҳоа𡢺ɽ򸾣ջڶǿߣ绯ˣ
ڣ
һǹȥڣ
żᶨͷԼĿ⣬濴˹
һ̣һĻˡ
ٹʿſֲԼƣ벻ͻȻ͸һ㣬ɱӰԴ崩
ף׷׳
ȻƶҲʱЩһͬɳĻ飬ж˸
Ȼ˽ŤЩʧȥΧŤ״̬ҲΪѰɭ֡
ϲˣϲˣСڻΪϴѲˣԭϴܻ
ҲɣҲû뵽־Ȼ׾˽þʶƿأ֪ͱң
Сģǰһ·в˵ֵģСٴζ
Ҿ͵ԺԪ񡢵һο飬ҲҪԼж࣡
ĿᶨȲ
ܿһƬѪܳɱʬǡٿֲǲɭɭ˫ͫа
ΪǼٵģ澹ζѪζ
Ǳ̫ˡ
һĻȻֲĴʲô
ɱˣɹĸ֡ʬ壬Ҳǰӿֲ
ҺѪһĻҪ󷨣ֿ־壬ٳ룬߱УС
һˣ벻󷽶Ѫӣʿˡ
Ƕǲߣ̫ˣǷ·ڳ˯С

뱻ΧѪɫֲֺ֫ʬӰ죬γɿ־壬֮С
ԽЩˣ̫ˣԪΪҲԼסЩ˵
߳
֪һˣиӣҲʬ֮³֡
˺Ҳǳɹͨ
ϡΪйǰӦϤϢڶԷ֣䲻ؿһۡ
͸оɲ⣬ʮֹأϢȻ֮ǰеϤϢ
ʿᣬʮӣޱ飬ɨһ棬ĬĬһͷ
־Ԫ񶼷ͬһ㡭濴ĨӰӣסˣһǳǿ
ѪɫɭǺܹ㣬Խʱּʿ˯һ㣬׷վڻ֮УҲڵϡ
ǰܿľǧˣΧӰ֪ĥ֮С
ҲЩʿпӹ
ȻҲвܴ֡
澭֣ÿһʱʱһЩŤ֣ӶٶȣЩ桢ǹŹ׷Զʧ
Ԫ
Ϊ뿪֡
ǰȻһԪΪ磬·пγֲͬ硣
ʱˣǿԪΪղǿ־ΪԪ£һ뿪ƬӣǴ󷨷ǳÿΪͬٵԪҲͬ˽ȥͻ컯Ԫ
Ӵ
һͻȻپ
ԷһƳȻ⾪ͷ磿иĪаأ
Ҳ⿴ˡ
ͰɣǰԪ󷨣Ԫ˶յܸߵز⣡ֱӶǰԪ󷨡
һ
ȥ磬治򵥣
ҲӿٶȣԪ󷨣ǰһƬɫ֣Щƻƻµֺ˻
ΧʿڼѶԪƣһСһСǰߡ
ҲȻһ̣һƬԪ籩Ϯ
ƣȻܽû
Ȼɷ籩ڶ
ԪȻϴû˿вֺǺ˵
컯Ԫʲô
Ǽ⣬ͥŲԵڶԪ籩Ϯ
Ԫ籩Χը飬һҲûУ
߳ʮ֮󣬼ʿڵϣʧȥ֪Щ˽޷סԪ񹥻ԪĹȣε
Ҳʧȥʸ
ʱˣ
ǣʿͻȻ֣棬һιȥʿϣȡߡ
û٣ִҲɱ⣿
СΪȻ̾ʲô˶У˾ǱΪμӴڴ֮лˮ㣡
ʶˣ
ˡ
ٲ֮ԽµĲߣƺͿ뿪֣ͬҲԪҵʱ
ȻһϤϢǰڶԿԪ籩ʿϴ
һӰԷлʼ½ϢپӦȷǻӡ
ϸһԪ籩֮УֻһˣΪҲͣҲ޼ڣȻ֣
ڵˣԪڴ֮ǰܹˣҲĳԪ񹦷£ʴ˶ԸЩԶȹ֣


1079 ȡâ
žžž
ӿٶȣӭɱԪ籩׷飬֮ӲԶһԪжԷ󱳡
¡һǿƣƶײһڳһֺ֮С
ƣԵȻһ֮
ΧšվŵĲߣֻ뿪֣̤塣
һԪƣǰǸӺ嫻֣һ޴󶴿硣
Զط˸һҫ
Χʱʱвߴ֣ҫȥܼ˱â໥ɱ
һЩʬ׹ڵϣЩҫӦþǾζõǾߣпһ졣
֨֨֨
ֱ֮ҫȥ
ɴʱΧߣвԷһۣɱ
ȻʮɾϢӺԽնЩϢ涸ȻоǳϤǻľ뽣׾Ϣ
𸣵ʿ
תһƳͷ߾һĿ෢ӡ
ΧһЩǾͬһ㣬Ųǻ𸣵ػأֻʿ
ڶһ𸣵صӳ֮ʣǰһ෢ӣĿֻ΢΢һɨ
Ŀ֮еĻǣԵؿΧʿʿƱɫ̿֡
ҲҲס෢⣬һˣĲһԪ·Ҫ˲Ԫռ
Ҳ顣
䲻벻ǿߣֻǿһۣԪ𵴣޷ƣ·Ϳһ㡣
еϴ˾ǻ𸣵⼸ǧڣ½֮һҲǵһţף
ף
𸣵ؽǧðľţйţ벻
״һȺ𸣵صӣӶĿɿڴʿǰɹȻڱЩ𸣵صӡ
ͻȻӰ֮棬ھȵ벻ƽ컯ʿ˶ԼԪΪ
ǿʵҲֱֱһ˷
Ŵĳ򣬵õһöں֮Ϊһӵлϵͨţǧ𣬷ǳ£СΪڻഫš
ҲϽź󷽸֣ͨǰϡǰٲ߼ǻ棬Էֻһ񣬷·Ƿȡâ
ǿߣó֣ǿˡ
ˡ
һƴӺһഫϤЩϢ
˳һƳϢһλŮӡ
Ůһ£ǶŲپӡǸӡɵķ֮ŮӾɫòһһ˫ӵŮӺӦóⷽ֡
治òȣϢΪδŮϡ½Ϣ
ҿ¹ƵϢСҲĳЩ
¹
˵¹иãиãҲŲ¹ĪǾǴŮ
µ۹ҵȲ̤½ҪףӹӡԭʥҲȥˣĪǾ¹
˾Ųʮ¹˱ȥиǰ¹Ů˿̫ˡ
Ҳ֪ӹӵ꣬Ƿõ¹
뵽ǰȥ½뿪Ǳ½ⷽĵһ½
£Ȼǡ
¹Ƕһˣ߻мˣֻжʮӣܿʧ֮С
ҲٶȥͷŸӦȻֻܸӦΧܿԶ
ֵĲ߻٣ܿӰࡣ
ʱڼһЩӣӸһСɽͷ
ΧʯϿտյʯһſǳһҫʿʯϽ֣ȡâ
âǾɼٲ߷Ƶĳȥ
ͻȻּһϤץһâľᣬӯ뼸ǿ߷
ɡ
һŮӣ治Ǽһǰڻʼ½һ档
밲һǿߣȻصŵӣǷʱһЩŴ֣Ҳһâȥ
ʣЩǶõǾʮס
Ȼ˿ٵõǾʿ֮١
ʵһĻʯǼˣһȺƯʯϷǾ
ಡ
һЩٸɱȴδ۷ǿߡ
ˣּ֮ǰ֣ãЩϤĻꡣ
ʵȻɲ⣬׵һͨɱɱ֣ȡǾ
ڴߺǾҲɱһϣ
浱ȻҲ̭֣Ȼ󶷸һܾˡ
ѰһʿûоŴʯ֡
ΧҲкܶʿѰĿꡣ
߳
֪ʯ룬һӡ̺޼Ϸɱһֲ
Ȼܴ֣ʰĻᣡһӵЦϷ
¡һ
ӡɱ棬ֻһ֣ٶȲ޼ƣҲܶٻһЩ
ǿҲδﵽ޼޷ĵز


1080 

濴Ϣһֱ̧ͷһ˶
һ˲ϤνӴճǵ
˲֮ǰǸŮһ𣬶ͷųϢԶʤݱԴ
ȻһǶʤʿ·ԭס̬ϢԵԼǵ߸ϡ
㻹ǵҾͺãˣֶǣ㼸ˣȡǾ
ְΧɶ޼ΪͻȻǾҪǾµ͹Ҳֲ˱ҶʤһԾ
ԱһһЦ֣˾ǿǸҵǵʿǺõطɱҲû׷
Ǿ봢ڣȻ棺ǵţ֮ȡ֮ͷ­
Цеȴţ˭Ǹ
ѰĿ꣬ȡǾȻҪȻ֮澹Ȼûܡ
ˣЦ
һȭ
ɱˣ
ʮɣȲӡɱһΧϢĿȭӡ
мʵ㹥ƣ浹΢΢üɫһֽϻ޼ʵ
ռ侧ӡ
ȭӡѹΧ׷ѹ顣
Ҳһż־֮£顣
Ҫû֮ʱƶɱЦ·ԸŲˣɱ
ȴΪһӰһξͲˡ
ۣ
ݲӦδȥעкζǱʶһ컯ֵܵס޼
Ȼȴһâɱ֮롣
ͷ­һ̣һ˫۾Ѫ𺳵棬ϧˣҲ
֣
󷽼ҲüӦһͬ
ʦ֣
һֳּŮӡ
ͬͷ½δֹϢһǶʤʿ
һŮӣʱһλ
ƺսᣬһ˲Ӧ
ץסͷʬ壬һɨŮӣвʿȴһ¡
ŮӲȻŭֱ֣ŮֹɱҶճʦ֣㡢㡢ʲôֱ֣ţҡѩĲ㣡
ɢ޼ͷ磬뱨ҲɱŮӣԷΪֵŶ˵棬ݽָϽָȡ
һ£ɲǾзġ
ɹ
ǰ֮УǸ˶֮һ
ͷ磿ţճԺϵУɱ˶ճӣδ˭ݵ㣿
˱һȣֻѩŮӶȥ
ƺЩ˶һ㣬һɱ޼ʵȻ򵥡
Ȼ
Ȫɽ塣
ʿææһǰȴΧǾŴѲߡ
żұ£һǡˣǰ

ͻȻ¹
ذҲ˲ѡ
ٵӱɡ
һ걧ȭǰѩʦ㴫Ϣ˵˵ʦֱɱ
䣡
֪ϵӿһɺƣм꣬һ֮⡣
ķӣ˲ۣɱҶճĵӣ
ѩʦ˵һɢޣΪͷ磬õϢҲȥ֪ͷԻʼ½һɢޣΪҲֻ컯䡣
ûбû͸ɱҶճӣ
ǡ
һ컯ʿ
ǡ

ճֶȻ֮ЦЦ·Ѫʿӻֻ֣̿ſͷ
ȴһʣǸáöֶΣ𣿡
ɱ˼Ȼ̭ͨǱػμӾӢ԰Ÿ̨ȻɱܲμӾӢţһŴ֣֮עͷ綯
ճһ£ɫ糣ص󷨡
̭
ȴƬ̣ǸѩŸɱŽǾպã˼ʣᡣ
ʱڴӦĪаϢ
Īаһʱ䣬˷ܴʦ֣˭ˣ
ӻһ׼ȥ
ˣ˭֮Ҳǳ档
ɵ̰쳣
̣ڻʼ½˵ҪȥԺĪǡɹˣ
⣬Ҳ־ϲҲ뵽ոյʼ½ɵһС
ԺӣùԺĵӡ㡯ùð£ܿԺõ״ϴ裬ʵҲ޼
ڻʼ½ң䡣
˵˵֮£ʦ֣㣡
𣡡
˿ʤʿŵ⿴ַ
ոɱ˶ճǶճжʱֻǵˣ̲ͽֻͽ鷳Ƿֿ£
ʦ֣ϵɽ»Ҳһж
οɲУǶʤݣҶ棬ɲΪճǣͬʱҽԷ⡣
ɱĺãɱɱˣ
֮ٴǾ뿪ǳȥ˵
Ҿʦֵģ
Ӳʷ潨飬뿪ˡ


1081 
Ǽʤʿȥ֮һЩǿߣȥ;ԶʯȻɱȴδ÷ǳǿ
Լ㣬Խʯǰǽڡ
ͨ̭ͨ

üӰһ˷д󲿷ֶӣŮҲһˡ
ȡǾĲߡ桯˫ãһ⡣
ԭԷǸŮӡ
ԱһҲ鼧ǼģĻҮʺơ
Щ˵õԺԶֺĵչˣȻͷǸŮӡ
ʥ½Ү޵۹Үʺͷɷԩ·խ
һӣΪɲͣӣĪǵǸɢޣʰǾ׸㣡
ȴЩ˶ֲ֣ΪǾΪ˷Ҫɱңƺǲû̫ڣ
ûйڣС㿴ϵĶҲ᣿ٿȻһָҲкα
һǹªţ
ţһ֮һ˶֪ġӡ
ӣ
ƺе졣
ˣ㻹ϴ鷳ѽ
ʱ޼ڣҲΪ⣺ӿ¹ֹţһĴڣʵɲ⣬һ棬ΪѴﵽ޼䣬ǧȥΪŴ̫ϳʵࡣ
⣺֪֪ҲӣϾƤҪ
֮ҪСģ԰ٻĴ½ǧɡ
ǧɣ㶼԰ٻĴ½
ǧڴ½Χ˵һ½ңԶҰٻĴ½ҲǳգǧԲ̤شǧɣλ̫ͬϳϣǵһӣɱȨ
뵽֮ǰʮһϡ뵽ģ
һӣ·ֳһŮӡ
ҮʺƱԶǷѹƶȥӣҪҳ֣ȡǾ
ӲСǰ㽿ʮֵŵͷѶȡǾ˷Ѿ
ˣߣŪϹ˫ۣһͷʼ
Ҳʺ˵ļǣ۲֣ҲŹãܴ
ŶҪ֣ڵϴЩ˶ǰ˷½һţ
ǡ
һȺҪԼ˺ǿߣԣ˵ʲôŹңôҲһˣȴΧһŮ߻ƣûһϢɫԵߵѳɴ
ʣ˻һǳ׵ˡ
Ҳ
һϿϧԸʹߣҿһҲͱɫڣǼ鼴˵ףĸӵӣ
ʲôڷӣҲ̫ѵȺճ㣬ͱɫȥżɫ󷴶Щһ³ЩڱϺףʵ䲻㣬Ҳ֪۹ôʣһòҰˡ
ҵȷҲͰˣӡ
ҪƤ
ҮʺƵŭʨȻҲࡣ
˵û˸˵Ĵʵǵӵ档
ͳüӣ֪ʲôˡ
ҿû˼һҷӡСɱңǾھӢ̨һָ£ȥģ
ಣ
ͻȻһ˷ȥ
׷̨һҪ´ˣӳˡ
ȥһ˾˭ϴԶʦֶûʰҮʺֺӡ
߳
һ𻨴ӽƿն
һûиѪԼԪѹǰȻϢڸܵζ
ΧԺִӣһ֣˶ǾڸԶһƬɽȣ̭ͨţȥɽΧ
ַ廹ңԶ
ʼ½ͷ磬ϲ˳ڶ·ӢϢһʱ䣬ʱ÷֪ͨǩʼڶ־Ӣᣡ
˶ϯ֮Ժִֽһ
ǵñС㿴мＸ
󷽳һˣԼʮˣӡҮʺǰˡ
Ӿг洫
תЦ˼ЩӹԣδǹȣȻˣһŮˣҿɲŮ˶̨֣㣬һ飬ִݻϲΥŮˣҿɲаͬģ
˭ϲΥˣӰвŭ
֮УŮˣҺû˵㣬Ҳ
ҵţͷ磡
벻ӻ֪
Ȼбǲһ
ҲΪԶΪλڶʤάӣΪӣ
ĬĬȥ;УЩ


1082 
ϴͲˣ㿴òڣӸòһ֣¶ˣ
ԶĽӣ
԰ѩ¹Ů䲻ǾŴߵԻܵﻶӭ뱧˹飡
Сµؽ͵
˽԰ˣ
οԶԺš
ȥӻϡٶȼӿ졣
ʱΧǸով̭ˣǱĻϢ߾һ
ӦӾֺӿٶȡ
ֺ֮иߣǲپŴӡ
һصȪǰ̼æӭ
꣬ڻʼ½ʱϾȻӵ޼ϢǶΪڱǿ޼ϴ衣
һҪͻ޼ȳ˸ס
أ͸ž̷Դ˻Ϣ
ĪаָЩ꣬
ҲòףȻйùΪǳϸ񣬵ΪͨС
ЩҲǿŲðգѪŻΪʵ
ᵽù㣬ҲеӡԭԷҲһʮ֮һ
Ҳѣʱʱ˵һЩȤ¡
ӺȻʦ֣ղ˵һ£Ȥ
ҸȤɲһ
֮ǰ죬һؾһʮ֮һ
еš
ҪˣǷѩһ𡣡
𣿡
˵ձЩ˼
ѩҪҲǽ˫޵£ȷͦġ
ϴ֪£ʱ»δʵ⼸꣬˫Ŷ£
ʺԷҲ֪һЩͬ⡣
̡
Ȼ䣬ʶְסӡ
һϤȣƤ֮Ѫ֮пʼ֡
·Χп飬ӡ
浱ΧûϢ
ΪӡͻȻж䲻ǿңΧ϶Ϣָо̫У̫ϤĪɽҲ鲻ɣ
ѯʹҲѰҡ
ûջ飿
飬Ժʰ
벻̵֪һЩȴ˵һЩ𺳵ͷȪɽڼǰͱԺѹƿأ飬絹диطܴ飡
ĸطӱ滹档
֪Ϊ棬ȷȪɽ𣿡
һʣһͷˮ
ԭ棬ҪԺһԺڲУħ½ң޼һʥƷ˷½Ϊֹӿ
ΪĿǰƣԼѹħղѡȪɽһԶżԺͬƿ֮УһȪɽǰ֮¾ͽһΡ
֮йѺŽʮԺǾŴִͬѹаħǿߣħ֣Ǵ޹ҲУɽ֮ΣȻ顣
̵ˣȪɽ渵
ȻܣӶԴĿࡣ
Σ
ҲãŰʺҲ֪εĴڡ
ȻεĴڣǾŴܰѿأ֪ߣ󲿷ֶǾŴǿߣǼٵľͷ
ȪɽһֱǽأҲΪεԵʣһξŴִˣҪץĴ޼棬ңҵûȥŸ棡
˵ּæȥ
СġӻרŻȥ
˼ϸ˹ϵǲ򵥣ҿӴԺ㲻ܹȻ̫
ΪΣȥɵҾ˵Ͷһоһ⻰Ӿе㲻ˣҲܷѽ⡣
뿴ʲôݣʲôݣѣݱ¶ȻӰ죬ԺܵõԺãһҪ£ʱǣں
ʦܵҼһȣʲô˵ˣ
˵£Ҳѣҵڻʼ½Ҵ㣬ҾģҲֹ
ʦ֣ˡ
ʱ¶֮ɫ֮ǰЩ⡣
Ҿͷǳ֡ﰲϢңԶ塣
ˣ
ַﻹʮ־룬Ժ󷨣֮ԨпΣ廹硢㲱ӡʱзӦȷԽͣĪʲô飬ϢӡӦ
Ҳԣַ֮֮У飬
ʮӡиӦ
ǰӡзӦĴβΧ֣иӦ
Ȼʱַ廹ʮԼ󷨡
̡
Ժڲ֪ΪΣƽӡ֮£һѪ˺ѣԺ֮б


1083 ѩв
Ƴ棡
ʮ㣬벻ǱԺѪ㣬ĳƳ濪ʼ
ҧѪ⣬Ҫƻԡ
Ƴ棿ߣƳˣκβ㣬ֻܶزأԣ
ƳǶ֣ȻѣδˣƳͻȻ춯ֻһܣˣһǱڷѩԺ֮еƳ棬ӦڹƳϢֻһ̽ңӦ
ĪƵ֮Ҳͬԭ
ƱרŰ˫ޣõĺÿ´֮Ļ¡ʿɥ
Ҳ˵ѩʱҲĥ
ͻȻٴУ濪ʼȫѹԺ˺Ѫơ
棬㣬Ȼ㣡
һŮ߶𺳵·ն
ѩ
桢ķ
ಣ
Ϣ滹ƻ뿪
һĨϮǲһķѩ
Ȼһѩȹ֪֮ˣһŮ·κ˻Ϊ֮
桢ĪаУֵķѩŮħͷ
ţ
ѩδͷϢǱȻɣ桢Īа;治İ·ʶǸ桯
ע⵽㣬Իˮ㣬ܲƭѩ
ƣһӷһڴ֮дȥ
ۣ
һѪӷѩɻ󣬷ϤɱȻ㣬棬ѼƤҲ֪㡣
һɲңѹƳ氡
ǿѪ˵һ㣬ѩκβƳ档
ʱǳ򶨣̫ѩΣڴӻʼ½ɢޣͷ磬棡
뾡취㣬㣬ߣ޼ҵģҲҪ㣬ƱƳȥѩԽ˫۾ܳˡ
ɱҲɣ
кβɣӰɱɱˣԺҲκβң
ҪףǿʮԴ϶᲻޼Ҹǿаգ
ǰɱ㣬
ɱƵʩչ޼Ҳ޼ƣǹȻڴ˴߶˶֪޼ʱ޼Уɣõ޼㲻޴ɣ
겻һû䣬Ļթ޳ܣϣҲǹƷˣ껹ҵĺЩˣ
˲䷽ѩƾͱȥ󲿷֣֮ǰɱҲʼΡ
ĪаţղŻĥʦ֣治򵥣ȷŮΪ㵱һˣҲû鷳
ˣ˵ڽҪǵһ˫޵£
ֹ⣺Ǵ£ϲӼţɽӴ˲۷塣
ѩҲסɫСİɣ
Цеĵ£һʮ֮һǵһӣ˶֪
ҵ޹أ棬ǽ޼ңҲ޾ôЯ㣬Ʒһ֮ԼǵδԽҲ⣡
ʱ㻹ίߣҶˣлں޲ýǧС
޼ֽۣƣԼСĵ㣬ɲǵǿߣоŴΪ֮
뷽ѩȻ˸תȥ
ӽɨΧǺһЦʦ֣ôо֮ǰǷеԴ׵ζ
ҳʲôףϴף
ǰͻȻһĪʧС
˵Ϊʲô
Ӷɳʯġ󡯣ɼĲҵÿʼĥо
ʤݲΪƷһ½ǲ֮أǴʯõ󣬺񣬾ⷽ½жܵھ򣿡
žӢһʱžУɵҩ־СǧͬʱҲʼоʯ
СԿɰ߼ģǲȱģӵӡ֮Уٽ
֮Ȫʱʱ̿ðץһһߡ
ͣ
֪ͻˡ
һɷâϱƤ·˺ѣѪ˿״
һѪܾĺ⡣
Ԫ֮£ӲԴȪðнԱһա
һЩ֨֨ѰȥΧЩľӲݣһή
ϸӦԭԪΧľԱ
Ԫ󷨳޼֮ܽȻľգŹһչ֣˭Ҳ֪£Ǻεȿֲ
жΧһУҲΪĪа
ڰͷظӦ֮Χһңκζڵһʱ
£˳̤쾳䣬ʵǿǺڰ͸һ˿˿Ҳо־塣


1084 ¾Ӣ
ˣһ취޼Ҫֲ̫࡭ҲӦڰϢ
к̹˷ӵˣ˱δǱԹ
úϷϢһγֶ
ϢԪգҲȥòͬ
Ԫ޼ڳΪƷһ֮һŹֻҪȥСĥͨȻ
Ԫ󷨣Ǽڰĵȷȷʱʱ̿ͷһЩ䡢ϢϤڰ¾ʮڣԻо
ȪϴܣһЩը߲⣬Ȫˮﶯ
ԴȪɽʵٴﵽܸߵزʵҲ컯۷塣
ݿⷽɽʱԣȫ⴦ǶʤɼؾԳ쾳
ﵽ۷壬ϧ˲̬ȻͻƸУ컯ŴǰʱտҲʩչ
ȻУ컯˵컯ߴﵽ컯ȴʩչȻ컯񹤣ǽ쾳޼Ҳһ򡣡
ʯס⽣޼ɫȷںЧȻԣ棬ʩչ򡭡ڿռ侧ӡ٣׻չҲ̫
ͨʵﵽ۷壬Ȼ
ͨջ񲢲ԡ
ֻץһʱ䣬
֮ǰ߶Сǧںڽһָﵽ۷塣
ˡ
һһͬâ
ȪҲд춯ǾŴִ˸߲֪ͨвߡ
ȪΧաƼ䡢߿ս˲ӰԾ
ʰǰոƼ䣬Χٲһѷ䳯ȥ
һα˳û
ʦ֣ӢҪʼˣʮ˲μӾӢﵽ۷壬һҪһţţȪɽʤӲָŴƺ߷塣
뿪ƬɽȣɾǳңԶǰ߿½ԺάƺƵǰС
ҲһԪһƬż
һˮٲǰƺƴӷ𣺡¾ŴԼִˣףλŴǧʿӱӢʱ䣬ҲֳʮֱΧʮ̨档
֮ʮ彫֮ѡһλʤߣղμһְᣬǻܿΪҷþӢɽ嶨Ҿֱȥɽ屨Ⱥ򡣡
һ潱ḻϣÿһλ߽߾ȫȪɽҶʤݵһżҲ֮Ϊż˽ֹκ̤벽ԺƳ档
߲̭ͨţȪɽһְ꣬ſʮ꣬ⷽʥ¶Ҵ˵ȪɽҲƷ֮ء
ԺӭλҲλóɼȴλ
籬š
桢ӽԸܵ𵴣ʱΧڰյĲߣҲ䡣
гɹ̭ͨţԱ߸Ԫ𺳡
ˡ
ȻûֹͣһϢʹڲ춯֮С
ֹȥ㣬Ȼ
壡
˲˿˴ˡ
춯Ȼֹһɽ壬Ϊ塣
꾫Ӣ˽塣
ΧߣҲԼڣԺ߲㴫ݶ
廹жʮǰЩʿȻ俪ʼֳһɹɣȥ
桢ӷʵԺڰյȴ
ҷ
Ժʾ
˸ոնΧʿҲޡ
ֹȥһʱ;壬ڼڳֳɽ꣬ȫƵһɽ塣
壡
Ǽţ桢ɱǰʮʮ֮һ
䲻壬Ҳܰ磬һ桢Īа쿿ȼԺӣǧˣ˷ѲӣŲ߽ΧϢ
桢ĪаֺҲвɽȪҲǳ㣬̭ǴϿȰü
ͬʱʿҲһʱѰȪ桢Ӹ½вʿ۵糸
ȪΧѡûɣҲһ޼Ϊţһ죬Ȫˮ衣
쾳ߴ󲿷ֽ桢ĪаΧС
Ҳ޼£
⴦ȪȻڼʿ֮еӣԹԹƽߺ
ܶ˶
˿Цǻ֪ɣ⴦壬ѳΪһذ֡Щ½ʿôȥЩǧꡢǧǿ߶


1085 ֮
棿
ˣǰ׷ѹ򣿡
˶ʱУһôľ
ǲţǿ½һţף
Ȼ
ѷ飬лףһͬǵذصġӡ
˶ʾˣ̾Ϣ
صıӣ
λ򵺴½Ůʿʿ࣬Ůƣӡ
ǱŮˣһŮʿʵԸ˴ӲĴ
Χϰˣʱ˿أ󲿷˼С
໥֮ڴжˡӡ
桢һ飬ж
Ϣһº󣬵մһ
ߵ壬һ̨ɽΧǲߡ
Χ߿𽥷ʿǿɲǲߣǴӰ˷½ʿĿ档
ͬʱһĻĻâճ֣һʮââ֮гʮвòԼܡ
ǵâ֮У桢ӽڼ·βˣż˴֡
֮峤Ϸһǧǰµľš
סӣǣԺԶҲһ顣
Ȼ԰ٻĴ½ǧɵӣҲ塣
Ү޵۹ĻҮʺҲһ顣
Ժյѡ
һϤŮʿ
ԺŽԾһͬ׷λŮʿ
ˣյѽԷֵͬһ飬Ҳһ棬Ϊţ
ӣҲһ飿˽Сԫ
ӳвλãһ
һӽܣԫ
ԫһ۾ϳˣ̭оϤϢӡ
֪Ҳֵͬһ顣
ѩӹӡ¹ԾɡӺ
鳤߽УϤ֣Լǵģ
ǾۼƷšǿߡ
ڳвߣڴʮ󳤾һ
úĪаʦ֣ҮʺƸһ飬ԶӣȺ˱һػǡ
治Ϊ̭Իˮ㣬ɣؾᣬѡǿ߽֣ӢҪǿߣҪһӱȻҪЩԶŽ֣
ͬʱԺֳ֣ߣ̨Ϊޣ˺ǧףƯڰƲ֮еȴ
ڰ˷Щʿڼ֮Ͳٿ벽
űмʱ䣬桢Īаһ
߲ʿУ
ס
Ҳֲǣ򿴵ʮȷһ飬࣬˻ᱻ̭
ߣֻʮʤȫһ
Щμӹһĸ֣в⼸ǧ꣬ð
ǾŴĲӣһҲԶ
Ȼӣ඼ھŴܶҲ棬ʵǾŴ
ƺһȺԺˣ
Ƕѵ
һЩźȻɧ
ԭʮԺӣų
桢ĪаУ濴ȺԺӣһٴС
𺳵ǾԶԺţҲǲμӹһĴڣδõذ񣬿Ҳ¶֪
˴ľԭز֪ˡ
ҮʺǼһʦ֣ˡӵֿ߳һӡ
Ժ˺Ȼͣ£ΨҮʺƴһͬʱԶںͻȻһɨһۿŲɵŵ÷׷׵ͷ
˭Զｻ棿
СӵţñңǱӶǣรɣ
ŵͷĬҮʺ桢Īаǰʮɰֹʼ֮ϼ⣬Ϣ֮΢΢ͷš
ʼ֮
ҲİϢƾϳֹǻʼʿϢ
ͨԪԱ߽ܣҮʺϻ֮ǿ󣬱һͨҲ㲻ʲôˣ֮ǳҲһִϧû߰ķеĻֻһžͨ
֮
Ҳǵ֮֮еһ֣ЩҲţΪ˲Ү޵۹ӣڶʤҲõԺӴ
Үʺƻֵָ棺ͷ磬ڹҿͷҲӿһ
ҺòΪǶ
ߣҵ޹أͽȥҮ޵۹ԼԺ
ΧٲߣһĬĬּҴɢ
һڹž΢΢һЦҳô󣬾͹ĸ򳤱ֵܣҮʺʲôˣҺ޹ϵΪι㣿
йأھʹߣϷݵģʱҪŶ˵棬ͷ­˿Үʺתȥ


1086 Ӣ
޼˲𣿡
ο档
ҮʺԶǰȥһ£ȴš
¿ɺãΧʮûˣӶƬտգûϢ
Ļӣ㵹ͦˣֺӣ
˿̣Զһ֮߿ա
Үʺƴʱ֮ǰǷ߸ϡ
ͨԶǰ缸֧֡㣬һδεõӿУҲᾡȫõӿС
һ棬Ҿ׷ӣһһҪܹȻ飡
һ˵ԺţǶʤݴ壬ܳǧɣǧֻǰٻĴ½һͨҪԺǧɰͲԺϹϵ
ٻĴ½塢̣ǧЩԺҲǱӦ
Ͷˣǧһͬġ
ǳˣһҲӡ
ԶҮʺƼͷ˵
ҮʺƷ֮ʲôΪ˷ܣԶھŴߣܾۼĸ߿٩
ˡ
һζ
ȻвϷͷâһΪڰ˷ߣһ̷׷ӴֵĴŴӡ
ǧˡ
ˣ㿴һߣ帣صĴϣƽ𣡡
ߣԼ֮⣬ǧ˷ʿԺ濴½½ֵľŴ֮ʣҲ˵
˳ŶĿ⿴ȥһߣͨ£Ϣޣ帣Ʒ
ƽҲɳ½޼Ͼ˵ľǿߡ
־ܣǧŴӣһٶԾŴ߲㡣
һǧˣ԰˷½̫ϳϣš䡣
ʣľԺִӡ
νǧˣκһ˶޼Ϊκһ˶ǽеóǿߡ
Щ߲Ϸͣ£߻һξ룬Ȼÿ˷֮УԴһ
λţڽ꣬һҪʮ棬ܳΪʮλʤߣ̨ϣȨԶ˳ÿһαޣҪɹʤһʧܣֻ뿪̨
ȶ°˷½ӢȵʵͶ̨һʧȥΪܣҵҲԼʱֹϣȺΪ֮ÿһֱ󣬽нϢʱ䡣
ڱҲûʲôҪ˵ģʵãɼʱȻʩչֻԹͨʤÿһֱöȷϣǳƽףشߵ󡣡
Ԫ֮аΪֹһں
𽥻ָ֮Ư߿գǵ
£Ҳڷ
桢Īа£ǳÿ֣Լģӡڻ
֮ٶȿʼӿ죬ÿֽڳ֮У޹ɵţâڳ
ʦ֡
ĪаĦȭƣҲҧء
Ȼףʲôšյذ֣һҪһ£Ϊʮ֮һ
ˣ
죬˷һ˲ٴͷ⡣
鿴֮һӡ
ΪǶʤһţЩܣΪǶ쾳һΪ
ҲڴʱʮĵϴҵĶ½һţ쾳䣡
ҵĶԶʤݣһ֡
쾳һ䣬
浹벻кʢ²緽ѩǿߣԶʤݣ޼һ䣬ʵȻǿ
ˡ
Ȼ˸һһЩر̶
֮ǴӲ֮У˸һâ
Щ˾һ̨ţӶţϢֺ濴ǰ̨
֮һƿգӰ˷֮зɳˡ
ϰŷ֮У벻ڲд󷨿ռ䣬ÿ˽һ󷨿ռ䣬һ鼴ֵǿߣͷɱ
ಣ
ȴϢ
кü˾δ֣ӽɳ
ԭޡ
桢ӲϸϸǼ˶֣ãһΪﵽ޼ǿߡ
ֲЩ˷
½м˷ߣ඼Ƕ쾳컯
쾳ͽλ컯޼Ŷ֣
֪һ㣬Ҫ֣ŪøзϻǶСԷ
ڴʮ˷ʮ˲ó֣ɹӵһ֮УʤڶĽĿ£صΧ߿
оŴһָ֣ӽϷΧϴ߶Ԫ
ڲ¡¡ʱǸֽâ汬оǵ󷨣ʱΪһҫۣڲ𻨵ǿա
桢Īа˷вߣעÿһǴﵽ޼Ϊĸ֡


1087 
ǸиԫĻꡭ
ӽͻȻһ֮Ŀ屬
ԭڶ̨һ̨ϣͷơ
һ֮ǰ֣̭Ļ꣬ԫ
֮ǴΪһովۼĿȥ벻ǸиԫĻֻ꣬һָӡͽԷһ޼һֻܡ
һУ
ȶ˾ԫѶԷɳ磬һЩŴֺ˶ݡ
ʦ֣עˣĪʶӼĿתʵ
üҴϣڤڤ֮иоһϢ·ЩϤ鼧ǣҲʿϸӦԶԫر⡣
ԫǿһд޼һ䣬µ޼۷ʵǿƣ
ϣҪǰˣ򡭡
ӻʤ֮ĸԫ˻صԶ߿Ʋ㣬ڵ
ֹע̨棬ЩʿɱѤǷͨٲ̨γɽ֮ƣ𣬻Ϊȼû֮ƣ̨û
԰˷½ķԭԿԣѽӴٹܶȻͨ䲻ڣͨʵʿ÷ʽͬ
ֱúܶϸĹĦ
ܿʤֺ֣֮ܿǳâ֮ʧʤϷһ
úݣһ˼ͷ­ˣ
ĪаͻȻ߲ѡ
ԭ޼һ䲻ԾŴҲһ½һ
޼ɱһ˱һˣצӡץ飬Ŷȡͷ
Դһ꣬ǲĿ
ֱڰ㲻ͽˣڲ̨Ȼ̣Χһâ
ϰʿ̷УȻ뿪ͬʱǵҲâ֮ʧ
һΧ˶Աעǰ˼ͷűܵ˹ע⣬̨ԲĿ⡣
Ҳ㣬Щͷţεͷ
ˣ
벻ϷҲͻȻ˶
ʦ֣ȥһٺ٣ƬҲȲˣֵ̨̤汧ȭ塣
ʵӢҲ̭ʱ½вڱܵעȴǰ㡣
棬ǧʤݣľţΪ񣬶彻֡
̭Ӣֻһ̡̭
뺮ʱʱҲΧˣһЩҲסЩͷ
ǹעŴӣʩչͨȷһ٣ϤĻ𸣵عԼصͨԺǰһ
ҵͨԴ󲻷֮ʩչʯ֮׽ΪõҲýҾŽԸж֡
氵
Ӻ
ڴһǡ
עһֽ棬Ƕ쾳䣬ɱӡǰԵһ֮䣬ɱٵƾ·Ҫ綼顣
Ȼʩչһӡ޼ժ֣һ˽ʩչַ
ַɱӡӡ飬Զ쾳Ϊȴӡѹơ
֮¶Է
ӻδоҪԸ޼оͷ
ҲڴǸ֣ɽһ֣δж
벻Ի𸣵Żϳ˻δ󣬶־ڰֱӷ
״˵֣ƲÿˣڳߣΪ֮սľ
סס
Ǽ󣬶ֱ̭ˣ֮УԸоһЩŵ
ˣ
ʦ֣ڵˣ
һϵķâ
ಣ
ԶͻȻԽһꡣ
ͷ磬ҵ㣡ӦþǶƺ˶ǳ˽⡣
߲ơ
Īаͷ֮Ҳȥ
֮УڲŴִָ£磬һ£Ц
ͻȻԵһָճǸҸ㴫ǷֲˣɱģԹң
ճǣ
ѵΪ
ԭǶճǹӣΪˣ֮ˡ
ճڶʤݷǳӰֻһСæɣ˵ѱ۶ɱɶ۵Ľһն
ɱ뽣ںϣն֮ƣ޷һЩ壬籩Ϸ࣬ɽƣҪ顣
˲컯䣡
ƺʲôͷ磿
ҲǶʤݣոմţԸһ컯Ҳ̫ˡ
ǰ޼һΪֻҪʮ֮һܽǸмͷ컯ʿ
ʱһ࣬һЩʤݲţƺϵܶ˸оѽ⡣


1088 ɻʤ
ƣ
ͷſֲ޴Ȼּ䣬·ûʲôһȭȥ
أ
ԭͨԽȭͷϡá
ȴ벻һȭסɱУͻȻһƻžؽ飬֮ϷɱŵЦݵ˲͸ûˡ
ǲ֪ģȴ˲齣Ӱӡ
һȭ
ҲһУ
֮ǰǸиԫĻ꣬¡
˿վ齣£Ǵ齣ЩҲɸ˴ƻ
ϣ𲻵˿ش
컯䣬ˣ
ԺԼŸ߿գżһȭû
齣Ƭϣ·Ƥ˲Ƥ˿Ҳһס
ۣ
һ齣֮УڼǱ֮һʬ壬޷ʬ壬ȭԼ齣ؤš
üϢŵڵһ˫Ƥʵطš
ʤ߼ͷ磬ȥɣ
һִߣӦǿߣʱ룬ǳʾ⡣
뿪֮󣬴ֽԵ
͡ͷ磬ţҴҵ˲أ޷УҲù
ִߴһ̣ǲģƺ˲عⷵգҲߺô䣬ʧȥʶ
벻еʵ
Ʋ֮С
˫ĿڲԾŴ֮Уһ̬Ʋ֮б
Үʺ亹ֱð˫ӣʱʱۿ
һԶǿߣΧ˶Ŵżɵ
һЦʤݣ뾫ӢʿôĻӣҪʰˣ˰ţҲһעţɵŶ˻ܼͷ磬࿴
Ǿ簲ţҪ˽֣
Īż
ҵȻżУע⣿
ϵܣҲΪã뿴ȼͷһȭ˵һʵȼ֮ʵܵģٳ֣ɣһܾ´ˣܽ軨׷Ǹã
˵ļǡ
ϵ
Զ˵꣬Үʺֻһдķ
ʦ֣ϲϲ
һƿ֮У
ĪаڰӭϢңҲ˿
ȴӺԶһƬգһЩŮӵȴš
о԰ٻĴ½ǧɵӡ
ͷ硭죬òˡ
ݶɫ֮Уȴһŭ⡣
˿Χ֮Уһλ΢һȹòԲ֮µŮӣĺǵӣĪʶǸ컯
ŮŮ֮УΨһʢҽޡĻ䡣
㣬Ҳʶǰô˵ҰĽ١ǵڱҡӻ̲סŮ߿ࡣ
𣿡
ŮһģãɫĸӲˣ˭˵㣿
ҧź񴽣ԻƼ½ʿͷ磡
ˣ
ΪΣҡҲһɱ
Ҳ˵ɱమĽӣΪ㶯֣֮ǿ֣⻹ֱͷǿȡʤԽѣָ࣬еΪʼǶ̰壬һ֮֡
ҡҪԽѵô󣬴û˸˵Ҹ
ǣ۸ӵˣȻù
ŮǰοǶӡ
ӾձŲĴС㣬ȻˣϷиŵĽ㻤ţȻС˭ҵ
ʤ桢Īаһ߿֮С
ڼâ֣֮ԽԽ٣Χ˷ߣҲֻʣˡ
룡
һɱ֮ͻȻСصƶ֮б˺
ΧЩ߼ƣԼ֮ɷ˵Ӱ׷ŵɢȥ
ʦ֡
ٿƺ
һĨǰͻأӴϻͻȻվһӡ
Īа棺ҵܵܣ޻˵Ȼº֣˲أʹ˲ʧӴ޷У
ƺ֪ԷݣҪɱȣһнƣͲһᣬֻ֮Ҫ˲飬ȴδȡôҵĴĴ
Էŭȴѹס򵥣ƺҵܵ˲飬Ӵ޷УҷҪлл㣿
ʦ޹أԼҪ鷳ǹƽ棬˭Ե޹ʶΪ
ܼڶʤ㲻϶壬ȴҲݲƣסܺףҵܵ˲أҾϡԱţɭɭȥ
ĪаӰӣüͷΪ򵥣ʦ֣Ϊﵽ޼䣡


1089 賤ң
ҼȲ£Ҳ£ߴҲ򵥣֮ǰ˵ҪΪճ𣬹Ƕճڰ֧ܺס
ԭˣ벻ɱһӰʦ־żȻ˰вٿأȻ󡭡
ңǶճǿ߰аŶܺףҲΪճǰ¡
ճⰲŵӶսʦڽκһֶ֣
˭Բ壡
ʦ֣ҿճ֧䲻ǿߣ棬޷ŻǿΪ㣬ҾΪʦ֣ǿҲ޼䡣
Žһʱ䣬Ҽǿ󡭡
ãʱڽ֮Уѵβ
ɽ⣬ʮʮɽ֮ʣȴڸǶʤݵһżɽһʧȥұ۵ӣĳصԨռ䡣
ԨռɲƽʱյءȻ
⴦ԨɼһЩϵܣŹĵͱڣ˵ǻһ硣
ҲʮҪ㣬һǳ֮ء
ɳ½޼ɢ֮еǿߣ賤
ǣżɣһ硣
Ȼ䣬ǰּʿ
ˣػڽǰһ賤һʮ𺳣賤㡭
һ˴ǧˣǧǰִܾ룬Ϊһִߣǧ֮ԼĪλҪսˣ
һ˵޸ϵ˵ֻһʤɢޣһؤˣûݣأǿȨ˼ңɱ
λ
賤˵ˣÿ˽Լ׷ֻõѣҲִִߣҲȥݣȻǶʤһʿжʤŴѪҲִȥӣ賤ӦԼ
ǧˣ㻹˹°һ䲻ˣǴ߶
賤ֹֻѡͬ
ȿȣ
ʱһȻڲ
ϣ
֮
һѮһǣǿ߹ӭӡ
賤ֻľף峤
˵ˣһţ
Ųӣ賤һۣ֮ǰһ㣬˵пܲɳ½޼ڹ׹а֮ǰһмֲţϹȻ޼Ϣ
޼ڹûʲôã
û뵽յ㣬ִˣܾκι㶼ϣأȥ޼а
ͻȻҡҡͷǧˣ֪ܸģǰ棬صңӣȻԺ󣬶ʤ֮أκ޼йصʿҪܵþ賤Ҳ⣡
ӣףѹԼԵ賤ѡ˳Ĭ
üҲЦ⣬߲֪һ̣ǰϤӣʲô
߱ŭתҩɾȣҪȥսӣԲ
ҩɾȣƵԶұۣؤһϳʤݣʲôʱһˣ˼ҾǶʤݾͷִǿߣУҲֻһȺͨʿ
賤Լֿߣ֮Ա䳰
֮һء
ӡߴӰ˫ֻ
ת˲賤ڸԨϿռ䣬Χ֪ӡ꣬ûһ㶯
ˣ
ǰͻȻһĨⱦȻΪһӰ
һӣҲʮģ賤£һ£ںڶ͸ʤŮӡ
Ǵ飬࣬ʯ̳ӣҲʯһ
Ʈݳ֮ǰǿߣϸһޣ·ؼ
賤֮д⣺Ľס
ΪĽסӣֶվ·һֽطֿĺء
ֻּ䣬ץסҲ·ʯɵӣǳ򵥣ˣǧ꣬Ŵ޼̤䣬ȻʧȥҶʤԴŻǧӦÿԴﵽ޼䡢䡭
ʧȥ֣ʿǰ˲俴ҵΪ˵ĽףΪѴﵽ޼˰ɣϲ㣬Ϊﵽ۷壬ʱִ˶
ҵĳɾͣҲģ֣һʱڣһͬݺǰУⷽ½ղ϶ԻһʴȰһĪȥսӣӦ֪
˻žΪһȻҲҪ֤Լ뿪ִˣ賤Ҳ£лˣĽף
Ծڴˣǧܼһ棬һ𣬻д轣
ҵͬ
賤־ֱԨعȥ
ʣĽվӰ۾һ·ܿ˿Ķ


1090 Үʺ
Ľ֣賤
ϧǧŴﵽ޼䣬ԶԶ˦ں󷽣
ȥսӣ
˭֪ĽΧָһƮӰƺԨǿ޴ڡ
⣡
壡
ʿ棬ֱѽٿâ֣֮֮ǰһ롣
Ҳһ
һּپֱ޵ʤߣΧϢ
һֱʱʱԺ֡
桢ĪаʯϷ붨״̬
ΧӿˣȻڴ߶Ԫ󷨣֮䣬Ƭϲӿ
ⲻ֪ʱԪѪ֮УѪɫ紩Ѱơ
ƿɲ򵥣ǿ֮Уꡣ
ʿԲס
ϴѩ֮Ʊʱʱĥ棬ƻǳ֪Ժתơ
ϧΪδﵽȫƿصز군ˡ
ָıӡռ侧ӡ̬Ϊ˲ʮӿزء
һͨԼռطҪʩչͨڵռ侧ӡ
ˣЩҩ
۾޼֮еţ֣Ȼֶˡ
ʳ޼桢ޡ
ҲѪԨһбѹǿߣ޼ռ֮ˡС
ֻһ֣ȫ׻ħԼ޼ںϣŽѪںϣɽ״̬µѪף
ʱҲһ˼о
ǳԿ϶Ƿ繦һκһӡҪǧϡ
ǽĪ⣬ҲΪ㣬Ϊܴﵽ޼ŽȻࡣ
棡
һŮһ߿ƶ
ѩ£˫ͫ沨ͷԪ
ѩϲ㴳֣ղ֪ҪԸ㣬Ƕճǿߣ壬ȻӲù
Σһճǣ
ճһֱڶʤݣȻҲԺϵǳ붫ճǽӣ˺㲻㽫޼ңһᶯùϵܹһǿߣΣ
Ҫ޼ģöճǿɣҵҪж
ӢҲ̭ҵҲϣܳΪǰʮ
ѩ˵仰Ԫڿռɢ
Ȼʱʱ̿עҶ򡭡֮ǰԵνʵлǷǳɵճǡ
Ȼ𶫿ճǣѩӿ¡
лᣬһҪ·ѩѹŮⶫʤݣʱʱ̿ձ
˼һᣬĪаҲϼ䡣
֪Ҳ˳֣ӹʱҲн
£СϢǿߣϷٴγֶû˾⡣
ΧŴҲһٴοϰȺ
桢ӵȴ֮ʣȻڶϢһ֯
֮һڣֱըײγɶĿҫɽϷը졣
ҲмηΪ̫ǿ󣬱յѡӡ־ǿߣһĶ֣ǲս
ڶ죬ֵܿ档
ȷֶ֣˿Էܺףֻһ쾳ʿ
ԷȻһǿܣ·Ҳ֪һʵ
ȻһһֻУͽԷܡ
Ҳں漸֮һ쾳ǿ߽棬һ£Ҳɱ֡
˶ԣһֱδʩչʵĶҲǿ
ڣ˳Ķ֣ڶ쾳޼һ֮䣬δһǿ֡
ԾֱΧߣҲֻʣǧˣɫ
ˣ
벻һ֣ϢȻŷΧʱϳһ֡
Үʺƣ
ಣ
ٸַ磬ɳ֮ʣҲüҮʺڰԼ
һΰʿ󲿷ֶ޼ûһ컯쾳Ҳ١
յѣǸӸԫ
δ˶֣ʱܴսʤʿĸɫ
ҲӦϤϢһյѣŮһ統ǰ㣬ˣһŮӡ
긶ԫȻǰأ͸΢΢޼һսĽΡȻ
ͷ磬ӣʰ㣡Үʺʱ硣
ӡ֮ϽƣЩ໥ӳ֣Ϊһγɵսס
սһͨ͸ϤĵϢҲһ˿ʥ½Ƶһ㾫
浭һߣ޼䡭
ģΪ޼䣬Ƕôβ㣬ǰѿ޳Х

ɱˣ


1091 
ҮʺƿɲǱսף֮һӣϢ֮УΪһɶ೤ӡ
ӿɲǷһͨ
ҮʺƳɱΧĦ˺ѷ籩
ðԵĹƣ
ǿ
Ҳ˲ӡⲻ֪ڶԷҪͷ­˲䣬ָȻɱȼָӡ
ʯ¾
Ҷ֣ʲôֻ컯ϣҮʺƲƷУ·ǧ֮УҪɱ
սףֳֳޣҮʺɱƣоս󣬶˽֡
ҮʺΧֳһЩŽǣ
һŽǣ÷ǳ֣δơ
ڽͣˣǵ֮£Ļʵ۷࣡
Ǻס
࣬ʵ뵽ۣƵۣҲǹγɵһǿ֮꣬ͨǹ̺һơ̬̺ܡ
ǳ
ȻܾзĹǳأ磬ʱӡ̫ʩչƣҲһЩս죬ЩսҲǷ࣬ʩչͬ츳ƾˡ
Ү޵۹򵥰
˵ģ
˲佻
ǷԵʣʱžžը졣
ԭҮʺһֲ֮ǰɱƣɱƣ顣
һ飬ŷӦų޲Ŀ
˼ȻǵͻȻΪһԲȦ̬
ħսޣ
Үʺƹһ뽫ѹ
γɵԲȦƣÿһȦܽɱܣոɱ𣬸˺䡣
ҮʺƵⳤХ֪Ү޵۹ֶ˰ɣڵƷ磬Ү޵۹һ۹ҵ۹Ͽǳ˵Ĵڣ
ˣ
ͷŸӦɷӦ޷͸Үʺǵͨսס
սװԵͣ͸޷ԷϢ
Էˣô
ҮʺӦһѪߡ
뵽㣬ͻȻںˣܹƴ·ԼȴڴҮʺ⡣
߳߳
޹ԽԵԲȦƣǰסףһƴɽɱ
Ӳɷھ֮ϵĴڣܱ£ͷ磬Ҫ֪Ϊڣ
ԽսԽµҮʺƣƽΧ𲻶飬ȼ֮УͻȻȻϨ
湥ȫ֣
ӿֶܼãҮʺԽ⣬Ҳܿ֡
䣡
һ˶磬ȻһǱߺ
һԭյѽֵһ޼ǿߣȻյʩչϹѹһѪ
·ӾͿ챻ѹѪ
յѹȻǿ󣬶ΪӦ޼䡭ż磬ܸоǶ˿ռ䣬͸Ŀֲ
עӦյΪﵽŵ޼߶ȡ
Ϊ뵱½ǿһֲԺš
̣
㻹˼񣿡
һɹɳ飬㱻޻С
ҮʺƼգӶŭԼ֣ȴעط
ɱӿ£ΧЩƯغŽǡ
ЩŽǾȻʼӣ͡
㣬ΪǲǸͷ磬һҮʺƶ֣
Ӣֵزֻʣ¼ǧˣǾӢ
ÿ˶עÿʿ֣Ϊһ̣ҲΪԼĶ֡
һЩŮӾۼһӡΪס
ӾȻעյµŽ棬ȴעҮʺɱǷ̨ռ䡣
ü͸żּ
곤һЩıӣպͻȻ͵͵һЦ˵ӣ㲻ǸͷôҮʺϲ㣬׷㣬Ҳ֪飬ѵȥάһӣҲעҮʺƣ
Үʺ׷ңѵҾҪϲӶĽңѵһҪһȥӦ
ӣͷ磬Īǡ
ҡֻǾã˺ᣬұԶԸ
ˣĪǶԼͷкøвɣ
ңһϲ
º˭Ҳ˵ǲǣҮʺҲ򵥣ʵǿҮʴʶģʵ̬ܵܵģҲһţΪ۹ӣʵȼͷǿٱ
㣬ͱȡЦˣֻͷ磬Ҫʰ
ƻ˼ţǿñӲ˵ȥ
ʤ̷ֳȻȻҮʺƲơ
ǵҮʺƼΧЩŽǣһŽǽɫȻȻƯΧ
࡭
һֱܵ棬ʵȥ뿴Үʺƴ߶Žǣ྿кε
ƣ޷棬ҮʺҲżˣȻһ̣ر
ȻйϵҲᱻʸ
ط࣬սŽǣ
ڡ
Үʺ֮ӡȼճѪ


1092 ǿǿ
ȻѪߣҷǳˣǸѪǿʢʮ
Ѫ涯ˣϲҮʺƣ뵽֮ǰֵһţʵҲЩѪ
ɲɫֻǱͨʿ΢΢ǿһЩ
ɴʱ濴ϢһˣѪߣҲһֱѪѪӦԽˡ
϶ҮʺƵѪǳˡ
޼еϴǺöѪǵգں鵤
Һ֮ǰδֱӽܣԭϻöǿѪٺ٣ǰװ͸ҵĴ񣡡Ҳ¶̰Цݡ
أ
ʮƽŽǣ֮Үʺƴ߶£ȻԪĿֲˣǺŽ֮Уɱһ̺ԪӰ
Ǿսһɱ
طô
뿪磬뼸ԺյѣͷһԵú⡣
Ү޵۹ĻӣҲҮʴ͵ĵܵܣ
һˡ
ף
ҲкüϢ£ԾŴš
ʦ֣յ
׿Ȼĳַ棬ǿ̶Ҫյѵģϲʦã֮ǰһ֣Ү޵۹طкο
ӵߣˣǴУֻǵõĳֵʤݷӵߣҲǼٵģҮ޵۹һЩţδӦÿɳΪһ˷໹̫ǿ󣬹ΪԵʡ
ǰӷ٣δҮʴͣΪҮʺƲ٣ʱ˭Үʴͣһս
ҵǾҮʺƽǸԻƼ½컯ʿͷ磬컯䣬ܿ޼һδιһ棬ʵ˭ûһ컯Կ޼
鱻֮Ϊһ飬ǿ̫࣬һ֣ʱǶ֣֮жǿߣͷز¶ȷ컯ѱ˰йעƽֱӦ޷ȥ
Ų˵棬˷һ
ȻҮʺƲǷǳȴֶ࿴
䣡
Ȼ澹ȻǺŽ֮УɳӰΧɱ
ЩӰսĽ˶սףɱһǹǴһڿԪĿ·籩
ҮʺƲϴ߶ΧʮŽǣ÷಻ʩչֶΣ÷Χɱ档
ԭһֻͨУһ߶ܱӵпֲԪȻֲҮʺƴ߶֮Ҽʮ޼ǿΧ
̵
濴Ѿܣ޷
Үʺƾڴ߶ΧŽǣҪ棬Ҫɱ档
ڴˣ
˭ΪҪʧ֮ʣȴͻȻ֪һʼͷųֵΧһͨӰơ
һȻɱΧ֮УҮʺƵɱ
Үʺƶð亹ȴּž˲Χȥ
֮УҮʺʵڴ߶Ѫ󷨡Ԫ󷨣ΧҮʺѪϢ
ҮʺƿſտյǰûӰӣɴŭ𺳣Ȼ޼ʵ
ԽˣҲڴ߷һЩЩռ侧ӡ컯ΪٶȾﵽŵ޼߶ȡ
Үʺٶ֮£ͷӬѰѰȥҪΪʥ½һ۹Ϊӣ;ˣ³Ϊϡ
ڱУͷؤϣϻӣQ
ƯҮʺΧĺŽǣһα֮
ٿԪʹţ̬һŽ֮ӿ糱ˮΧƶ
κ˶ԣʱԷŽԪƣǺǰֲԪкֲ
κԪƣڹĵ£ɱڲŽԪƣ׷顣
޼ҮʺƷ๥ƣ޷ݻһ컯غ
κʿ޼ǿߣҲᱻ㷨๥ƣ֮С
̣
֮
ҮʺɱСͲǻرܣ˫Ȼܡ
ʵȻ
ڹߣһӦԣʮֳ״̬ĿֻһҮʺƣϽѪԴ߶Žɱơ
˵һУѽҮʺԻס
һͷʨƵģϴ߶ԼŽǣɱֲơ
ѪΧͷţһ˿˿һƬƬʩչڡ
ҹȻѪ
Ҫ֪вپŴǿߣִڳ
˭Ҳûз֣ʱ˽ڹעҮʺϷŽǣϾͨһ
֮ŽǹҲΪԵҲͷ𣬸ֹĦײѪΡ
ѪƤ⡢֮УʹúأϢڴ䣬Ѫ𣬱ʩչȼոΪҡ
زǧͷͻѪҲȼգྫѪ·ҲҪ˲䣬ճΪ𻢡


1093 Үʺ
ζ治Үʺƻ֪ڻ޼䣬ǲѪߣٺ٣̨棬»вӵһѪָ֡
һˣǣƵʩչѪȻͳͳΪҵ֣һȪɽҾпܴ컯ͻ쾳
죬Ȼߣȴڱڡ
Ѫ࣬⻹ǻգЧԡ
桢ţ֣ҲҪһѪϧʱһ
ǧüͷ
Χ
һ棬ѽʣ桢Үʺƻɱ
ĿתڲһһκɱУ˶١
֪ΪΣǸ컯ʿͷ磬֪ĵ̣Үʺ޼ʵ£ֵڣ㿴ǺŽǣϷ࣬ӵߣָ
ӵǷǳ侲Ǵš
֪Үʺӵз࣬ˣҮ޵۹ʥ½һҾ÷಻ôǰҮʺʩչǳΪûǰ㲻ɻѡ
ͷйأǿɣ֮ǰҮʺʩչ࣬ͷذܣھͲ֪ˣ
Үʺƽʱţ˵ʲôŴҲ𣬵ͷҲκβˡ
˼ҮʺҲϲ㣬Ŵճ㣬㷴վǱߣܹǸͷ磬Ҳ֪һͨޱʿεõĿأ
ҾüͷȻͨ˼йԼҮʺƾ̱۹ʵһֱô˲Ĵҡ
˵Ӷ߶ߺ·ӹעһһ
ٿΧǧţÿ˶ڹעҮʺƽ档
Ҫ֪Щˣɶ޼ǿߣжˣΪ޼䡢Ĵڡ
һҪȥι
ڣ
һŽǣӿԪƹƣоֹͨҮʺӵ޾
ʵطĲ
ҮʺǴ죬ʱԷҲͬǱ
ΪҲԼֶãϴ߶ѪҪȫɱ
˫ϲġȥڱƸ֮ǰΣǰһ̣ٶȻ⡣
ʱƤЩѪɫϢͷţҮʺƲѪѪҲڱ
ҮʺѪȷЩͨ޼ܴǿоͨӵжѪ޼ǿߣܱȵһҮʺƵѪ
ϧ˴ˣӵгԽ屶ǱΪǻӣʧȥʿֿ޾־޼䣬Ȼ޼䣬ʵ
˵ˣ͵͵䣬ҲҮʺǸӣǸ̿ùʿ
죬ɣɶԷѪ
벻ֱ֮У˾һĻ
壡
ƽ縲һУǧŴӣֱִ
ȻڽƬգ֮Уֻ˭֪ڲȻ󷨡
֮лһԺǿߣ֡
ои֮һ帣̫ϳϻƽ
ΧκһˣǵŴ߲㡣
лмˣ⼸˽һŻƵ£Щƾɣʵ³ĺۼ
Ƿ·ΧŴ̫ϳϸеλŴ߲ҴӵƺƬա
ǽԱ֮£֮ڶ桢Үʺ
ǳԽŴֻɾŴϵĵһΪصִǿߡ
һԻ𸣵̫ϳϵĿǰǧˣʣֱʱʤߴ󲿷ֽ֮ˣʤʮˣƷ統Ǳˣ
ִһϡףҮ޵۹ᣬǱ㲻Ҵط࣬ڼӿػһ¥
Ү޵۹һֱ֧ˣбҪҮ޵۹ᣬڼΣ
ȷ컯䣬ܶԿ޼䣬Ʒʷϣδֹ컯޼
дǰ;λϵܣһҪסЩ˲ţҪԼµӣǾŴʩֶزۣ
ǣ
ƽȾŴ̫ϳϣ˻
ڻƽ˹£Ԧȥ
ȿȣ
㶷죡
ʣ¶ɱɱȥҮʺڴʱ·۵֧طࡣ
һȳѪΧЩŽǣͨӰҮʺΧʧ
ٶȻ죬ڹ֮У˫˶Үʺƣûз࣬ûüֵ㲢δҾһ·
Үʺ˲ɲץͨͨʺһ㣬֮лΪޣޣһ޳㣡
䣡
ЩӰδȫΪԵޡ
澹ȻֱɱҮʺƼգȻ䳰ȷһм


1094 սܺ
ոմ߶ӰΪʵ˲䣬ͻȻΧƣȻֱײ
бӰǰ顣
Үʺţ޼飬ǳ飬ұҲôʹܡ
߳
ߺ䣬ƾ͸ϵ⻪
һƬҮʺһƬơݿûҮʺƸûһ˿֮ʶԼ֮ǡ
һ컯޼ͷڽ죬˷
˷˿ʼꡣ
Ŀ֮£ֻɱһС
Үʺ֮ǰͻQţǸ
أ
зֳ࣬Խһ󾳽磬Ȼлˣ뷴Ҳֻܵ档
󣬴󲿷ʧҮʺڵϣΧɢŲѪ
ͻȻߣЩѪرƤ
ܶԭΪҪҮʺº֣ҮʺԼҲ¡ɲΪһ棬СʧȥΪ
ĻӣҲ̨棬ģҼͷɲ֮ˣ治ѪڣֹȻҮʺƲ
㡭
ҮʺٴһѪ
ʱȴ⣬ָպðڴ˼򣬳ûҮʺѪ
һʤߣƼ½ͷ磡Ŵִһ˻һָâ
֣ϷȥҮʺʧȥ⻪˲ʧӰ١
һλִ߽Үʺƴȥ˻ģղŵԼһѣֽ
ֵȥȣСһ֪ղϴ󲿷ѪԱڣûм꣬޷ﵽ۷壡
޶ãɳܵ˷Ŀӿ
ղһս׵˼ס
ԭ̭߱ʣ޼Ӣ˭뵽ʤߣȴһ컯
ֵܿȥҲ̫ǿһ޼һ䣬򵺴½صһ޼ӡ
лˣѪȻСʵһξ仯
ոմҮʺնȻһ̣ȴָ桢Լţ֡
ಣ
ջصƲ֮УһӰٶ
澪ȿȥȻϣһˡ
ҰһԭԷ֮ǰ̭İ
ԭǸ£Ȼ֪Ǵˣ󷽷ӭ
ͦģղ¼½ţȴ˵ðü½ӣԳɺܲǿߣһ˾Ȼ㣬顣
úŬ컯䣬սʤ޼ǿߣ棬δͷ磬ҿ㣬ֺܿͻ崫Ȼ˷½
ʹһżææȥ
󣬰Ȼأ֪常˭Ҳ֪ﻹҲ˰ɡ
£ð˿ԽύܱȾŴҪǿ١
ϲ㣬棡
һԪӰ
޾޲ҲΧѩҲҪϲ㣬ոտȻȻҪΪۡ
ѽڶסҮʺƣӵҮʴͣҮʴΪҲӵв࣬ҲûжٰսʤҪˣ˵ֵܹϵǳ
Үʴͣ
ʲôѣңҲһ֮
ߡ
˵ıȳĻ
ȷѩԪʧȥȻоӰ˷ӿ
ͷŸӦһΧܶͷŸӦԼҲӡӵһЩŮʿ
Ǹ긶ԫ˵ǶţûжϢ
³׳ŵ⡭ӦϢ·һħܴЩĿϢ֮УӦЩһЩ
˼ʿ磬һ󷨣޼ɱ
˽⣬Ը޼һӦⲻͬʱҲǵһιעصӡ
ʩչĹǳ䣬һ̩ɽζȻعҲǿ
Ҳ˵ΪŴȷżȻ
һ㣬˷ֳʤȻӾʤ
ӻԱ߲ɿʦ֣ǾŴҵСӦ벻صӺǳ磡
ֵȴãһֱڽ
桢ĪаץУʱΧ˷߿գҲֻʣǧš
Щĸ޼󲿷ֶǾŴӣ
Ψһ컯Īаһ쾳
˽ڴܴӱǧûһͨɫ
ͷ硭
ԶɼܺϢȴһֻ۾ʼպ޺޵ϡ
ˣ
ȻһܺףѰźãһսͷ磬ֻҪ㽫ͷɱ㡣


1095 âʢ
ܺ׿ǰģұѣã߼ͷҵܵܣ˳һҪֻ
ɱͷ磬ᱣ֤ڽʱ䣬ֽʵ󣬱ǰʮΪذ֮һ
лǰ񰮣
Ȼͣ
ճٵӣһһ۵ͷ磬Ҫлл㣬ûﶫճǣλõ붫ճ˫֧֣Ϊһ֮һ³ΪذţδƷҲһ
糹Ŀ£ܺײδϢǴЦݡ
ˣ
Ϣһʱ䣬һֱʼˡ
˷˶桢ĪаҲһֵ̣Ӱ
ܺף鿴˲䣬ִЦ
ӴʱҲɫҵĶһ޼һţ
Ҳ򵥣ܺΪ޼䣬ЩֶΣǾ䣡
޼䣿ʦ֣ҪģճǺܺףҪɱŸģ
֪ܲǴ裬ֻзΨһ·ǰսսƷʶҵʱˣ
׽κһսֶǿߡ
ˣҲֻ΢΢Щأûһ˿ڡ
סյѡ
һֲſʼмüμӹһɫ
Ի𸣵ػףԼԺյѣ˼ֺ档

׶һ޼ǿߣ򣬽Էս
ɲ̫ǻ̫ǿ
յѵĶ֣ҲյѲսʤ
Ҳ⼸ˣҲһ֣ܼסһ
ּԫϳһ޼֡
ԫȻԷأ˫ֽ˲䣬ʩչɱУ뾡ܸԫ
ĪаҲע⵽һĻʦ֣Ǹԫ治򵥣ز¶һ·һдǿУһм½ţҲǰ
ԽǲҲԽҪŬΪʮ֮һʤߣ浹ϣ֡
ԫȻһУͽ޼䣬صӻܡ
̫ǿˣö˺ע
ֱһӰӡ
Ůһ޼һ֣ӣҪһܻܴˣУԾԷܡ
ԭӿȥҲһƿǰ򵥡
ǧھһʸ֮УȻ˶ͬʱһܺҲһ
ಣ
Īа£Ҳ硣
컯޼ܺ׽棬ͷעʧܣ
ܺҲһͷ֪
ܺ磬ﶼӶ
ˣ̨Ϸܺ׺ܻ䣺ҵһ̵ãͷ磬֪Ҫлл㣬ȻҵܵΪʵҵ̫ں̨棬ⷢҪȡɱ㣬ȷΪǰʮ
мţ廹вԸ㾿ûʵ෴ǳ䡢Ϊơ
ֵûʵȨۣΪܺ³࣡
ʤݿϲ֮أ
žž
ܺɱȻ˷ǡ
㣬οͷԿסܺף޼䣬Ѿѵõĸ֣
֮ǰսʤˣƯһӣϢע涯
ܺڶʤҲСڶݶӣʵΪذһԱͷ磬κ
ԭԼܼͷ磡
Ӽ򵥼佻ӿȥıͿһ㡣
Ӱοոͷַ壬ϧҪܺУϧһ˲ţǾŴӣкܳ·ߣٿԻõذһ
Ҳ͸Ŷ͡

̨֮ϣһȭܺ׿ţɽڱ仯žžɱ档
˼һ˸һرܣòӦһҪܺʵ֡
ܺ޼䣬ʩչƣԸڲ
ǰһ滹˸ǶԷ֮ٶȾӡ

ɵöܺ࿴
޼䣬أ컯䣬Ȼ컯ʼ򣬿컯֮һҲ޷ʩչ
ܺһЦ޼ǿߣͨ컯ŴУ϶쾳Ŵĥһδζںϣͷ绹볬쾳޼ǿߣ룡
һһÿһԷǶĦ̻档
ܺףһܽˣⷬҼͷԺҲҪڼӿ򣡡
ԺҲԺڲ̨ɱ㣬ճҲŹ㣬޷뿪ʤݣ̸ʲôԺ󣿡


1096 аܺ
Сӣ֪ƣٶȣܻˮ㣿ٶȵĿǾ򣬿ѹ㣬Ȼϣ
ܺ׷ŭͷŸϢ
޼䣬ͷΪľ硣
һ컯㱻ڽ֮УУű̡
޼컯Ĳ࣬һͷ磬쿪һۺ񣬵ȴջ۶ûеУֻԴ߶ʿ
磬Ӽš
ܼɽȭ
һ
ܺ׽һͷÿ䡣
һ̶֮УȻжܲٶȣηӳٶȣ

̣
ʱ˿̣ܺΧ⽻֯һƶɵ״̬
ƺȻϷܺ˫һϣ˫֮ʣɽһ𺳵ȭӡѹ
½żͷ磬Ҫˣ
޼̫ͨԵֱܺʩչѹƣ޷ܣֻܿ޼
벻ܺ޼ΪʵҪǿ״̬¼ͷ磡
ͷˣͻȻð˭ҵߣܺ׺һ㴭Ϣᣡ
ڹעɱΧռ䣬ǿ߽֣ҲΧĿ⡣
Ĳܺš
棬һĬĬͻȻ˲š
صĸԫҲ֮УȻۣƺҲڿŽǺεȽ
ʦ֡Ϊȭͷ
á
ƺ֪漴ʧܣ֮ýͷŤһࡣ
ͷ磬ǵܺףĵ;
ɽһȭӡͨХܺ˫͵ѹһнռ֮·ҪĤ
С־ھ죬գĺ񷣡
澹ȻܣǿȭӡѹͷƤƤˮһ񸡶
ȴȻһڹž֮һ̺֮һ˿׹⡣
ž
ϷȭӡɣΧ飬Ҫû֮ʣȴ쳣侲ɱһơ
һĿϷȭӡ
֪ߵغ񣡡ܺ׼գΪ컯ʿʵ޼䡣
Ȼ
˽ڿȭӡҪͬʱȭӡȻУһ׹һƣ·Ѻ̵ۣظȭӡ
ǲ
ȭӡͨϷ飬ΪƬ
֮ܺһѪӿܣܣҴﵽ޼ͨ£ǵҲ׻⣡

Χ˷Ҳپ
ͻȻץסӣۣۣ컯䣬ܻ޼乥ƣ£ǶʤݣҲδֹ˾
⡭ӻΪˡ
һͿתɱƬ֮УȻҲüɫ衣
֮У鹥ƺ£治Ӱ죺д㣬ܺףղŹȥһУУҵϣʧ޼䣬ӦÿԿҵйƣ
޼䣬ۺٱ㻹Ҷ֣
ܺúȻץ⣬ɱһȭƣʼ棬޹ɱΧٴβĹơ
ಣ
ⲻ֪
һҲûлرܣǾֱɱȥ
Ȼ޼ǿɱ
ˣ
ǷӾɵӣ컯޼
˲ٿͽԶ쾳޼˳ɹ󲿷½ţ԰ǿУһ컯У޼ǿߣһ޼ǿߣ
Χǧսţ׷໥ɱȥ
˫Ŀע£ͬΧǿߣ·Ҳһʱ䣬עܺס
֮ǰԫһл֣ܶҲ˹עһ㡣
Сӣ
ܺײͷѹƶȥ
ſֲȭâ治ƿɱ
ܺ׸оǣ״̬£Ӧñٶж
ȴٶڲϼӿ죬ΧѹĦ
ž
䣬ɱһƣͻȻΪһָ
أ
һָ⣬ͻȻܺ׾޴ȭâɱһ
£ȭâָ⣬Ȼɱ
Ȼ൱ײȻžһָ⾹ȻǾ޴ȭâ顣
¡
оһżһʯײ
Ǽʤˣʯ顣
ȭâ˲£ƿȭâܺף֮УѪģ
ܺףӦף֮ǰ㣬ôСɣ֮ǾŴҲǲ׺һʲô壬ʵҲǰʮ
δԥ֣һָɱ
ޣܺײ֣Ƶģ֮£ɱͨ
߳߳
¡¡
ָ⣬·ܱŷף̺ɱκ⣬Խܺ׹顣
ǡϵϢ
ǿ̲סһں


1097 Ѫ
ԭֲǿ컯޼ԭ컯ʿͷ磬վϵֶΣ
ǿ߷
ٴκ¡һܺƶΪƬֽУش
ವֹϢʼպޣֻͷѰ״̬״̬һ޼ǿߡ
δʩչʵ
ۣ
ǰ̨֮Уܺ׺ݺ׹أ֮һѪһδγԽ޷վ
ʤ߻Ƽ½ͷ磡
ִڣ
ͬʱâ֮УϡϡӰ֮Уһһ߶ȡ
ҲŹ㣡
ɳ磬ܵĿעܺףȴ˲ȥԹ
صƲ㣬ĪаӭףأΧͶ⡣
Խǿ󣬶ΧŶԣȻжд̡
һĪаҲϳӦУһζԸ޼ǿߣЩѶȣһЩͨʩչ·Щ編ʩչ
ܿҲעĪа쾳ʿԭҲ򵥡
Ըһܺףⲻ󣬵޼ǿߡЩͷۡ
ӶԸ࣬ٲģְ׻Լ
ֻǸĪ⣬ҪǿȥС
׻ͨķҪһ֮Уͨ·γ޼ڡ
Źһ˵ռ侧ӡ֮Уϣһģһռ侧ӡ
˴߶ռ侧ӡ߶ͨռ侫ںϣʩչռֶΡ
׻ҲͬУ뻯½ǿ߶޷ϵͨΪϵ̫Եûǿ޷С
ϴ캣ɽֽϴ衢Ҳֻһ
̫ͣ޷Ԧ׻
⣬ԽǸԽҪԽҪȥںϣ־ҲδŹ
СǧˣŹᵽ֮δ˿
õ֮ĿǰҲһ֣֪ȾӦ״̬޷֮ܡ
󻹺һͨǸֻҪڼӿһɡ
ʦ֣
ȴ㣡
ĪаʤԶ쾳һ޼ǿߣΧҲڹעһһ
ٺ٣þŴСǣ˲ͻ޼䣬磡ֻ֮΢΢Щľ
֮ͬʱɨ磬ڲһŮӣһԺ޼ӽ֡
ԭԺӣʩչĿ⣬ȻȴŮӲ򵥡
עǵâŮСˮīޡһ֪½
һΪﵽ޼䣡
ӵ޼䣬ˮīֲǾŴӣһӵΪѲ򵥡
ˮīޣоЩ޷ζƺŮ̲ظǿʵ붫Ժǿ߽ʱҲԵ÷ǳݡ
ӺȻʦ֣ôֶŮû֣ǸԶˣʱʱҲע㣿
ҿɲ椵ģֻǾǸˮīޣЩϢ
֮ǰøԫ򵥣ˮīޡ
ҲЩĳҲӵУҲҲѪҲĳ֮
һָ֪޷˵
עǰ㣬ˮī޲ʮУһַ·ʩչǿֶΣԷܡ
Ȼ˲żüãһ½ǿߡ
һֱڳʣʤߣϧûЦóһֱ֮Уֻʮ˿
Ϣãֿʦ֣ҶˣӴϢ˵ǵгİ񵥣һ½֮һ
󣿡½ţ΢΢һˣǰ̨Ƕʤ֤Żʵĵط
£˵ڵƷʿ֮УĪаҲŵš
氵Ƕ־ǳˣӣּ޼䡢䣬пǿ߽У̫п޼䣡
һͬƯʮʵҲ
ʱÿһ֮нϸϸһ컯һˣ쾳ǻмˣ޼
ҲѩӹӡҮʺơ¹᳾ӺȵϤйӴľǿߡ
֮УȻŶǿߣδʩչǿ
׵ˣʮ֣δ֣һף
ֲ˹
ԼںϴҮʺնĵѪҲɡ
ʱû˿ŸץǿԶЩʿҲԴŵС
ˡ
ҮʺѪںϣ治Ѫ֮С


1098 ൮
֪
˲֮У״УȻһֶ״̬£Ȼ˶
ü޿ռ֮УǿתҲ׻Ѫħ׻޼ȵϢ
봦ȻȻƮϢʱ֮УһЩѪɫ⡣
Щ֣Ҳ̺һЩѪɫֻûƷϢ֮вᡣ
𺳿һĻ̤컯γƺδֱ仯֣Ȼ벻ǣЩѪɫͻأ֮γɡ
ҴѪɫϢ֮УܿһЩָӡȭƾȵȣһЩŽǡ
ȵȣŽǣ
ЩŽǣ翴Үʺͷųķࡣ
ˣ
Ժ̾ӦǷ̺࣬ҮʺƵķ࣡
Ϊ֮Уз֣
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౾۲࣬ˣˣԭҲ̲ط࣬ȴһֱûб֮ǰҮʺƷʱڷ༤֮УҮʺƵķ࣬ҲԼķࡣ
Լķ࡭Ϊӵзࣿ
ֻһͣǾǴжˣȱĸĸļ壬Ȼǳǿ󣬲зഫУѪĻ壬ˣ
𣿡
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ʱѪɫռ䵮֮һжںһ𣬷֮һѪɫ⻪Ҳ̺
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뺮ͨһ޼䣬һ֪
С򣬼᳾һ½ţѩҲμ棬Ȼһ죬ʮ֮һߣˣΪܴﵽ޼䣬ȫӵгΪǿߵ
᳾
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˿Ҳע֮Ѫɫռ䣬һ㣬֪кãǺεܡ
ˣҲҪУҲҪһգڲǾѷ࣬޷ʩչԺ˵
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1099 һ
ֻҪһһѣͷųױƣֱĪа
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ӣԷҪʩչԪ񡭡ȥ
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ӲߣʱҲ޷޼ߣֻʩչƷ

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Ԫ籩ӣȻ࣬ҲסԪƳ£һˡ
ȻҲͷԪ񹥻Ƿ
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û뵽쾳ԪҲ޼߶ȣô˲䣬ˡ
Ԫ
ʿյκԪУ󲿷ʿԣԪֻΪʱ䣬ջһǿ
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Ԫ籩žž湥ĪаһԪ񹥻֮£һ㲻顣
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ʱȻ˿޼ԪΪҲ֮ǰǰֲ˹ӼΪף
Сڵϴѹǿߣ޼ϾҲ޼ڣԪΪҲûǿԪߺ٣ǷѩԪҲرǿ󡣡
㣬Ԫɱ㹥أ廹ռơ
쾳ʿĪаԭеֶΣΪͳˣնֶͨΣʰ㣡
ԪЧ̫ԡ
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ݣ
ڰӰӺɱٶȱָҪ죡
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޼ƣȻ޼᲻ݵػɱںڰӰϣĵúڰӰʧȥٹ⻪
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ˣ
Ǹ쾳Īаһ̣ҪȪɽԼƷ磡
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1100 
־ϲҲû뵽ӾȻܻ޼ǿߣңҲ̫ף
ʱڶĿע£Ǳط
潫סƤ벻ԪΪήңҲ֮һ
£ȴֵǣʦ֣ʤˣɴ̫ˣ֮³ָ֣߶Լʩչ޼ǾǶ֣
֤Լ޷Ϊһǿ֮һҲ֪㣡
ϣˣ԰ʦ֣Ŭʵµţˣ
úϢȡ⼸»ָһ滹˵أ
οӣԣҲһʤ
ץɵҩطԪתʼָ
ΨԪ񲻿ܶʱָһһսƲգʵʤܽһ֮䡣
ӺȻ˻ƵҲʧˣһ帣У
ֵزÿ˽ǿߣҲĪ̫⣡̰ܱԲ
Ϣ󲻾ãҲһ֡
һԺţΪ޼䣬Ҳ½
һȻţʩչһ棬ܶԷʩչԪƣ򣬽Աһһ⡣
컯䣬ԪͨԳ޼˵Ǳ½ʱڵռ䣬õԪУҲǿռ֮Уõһ½һִ½Դ
ǰʼںϴ½ԴҲڳ羫Ļ޼಻
ԼʮغϣԾʵԼٶȣԷܣɹһ֡
ĪаԿһֵǷǳס
һֽ˼ץʱϢٿʮ󳤾֣ܹ֮ʣһǧˡ
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һ̣һٶòԼϢ
ϤĻסյѡԫҲӡӡˮīкЩμӹһ죬Ȼδչʵǿߡ
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״̬£治о֮ǰѵķࡣ
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Ծſ˫ͫ˷ôܣѪħϢȪɽ֣
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ȷǽѪħ٣
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ҲδӦɽѪħϢԺηƺڲԶƺȪɽĳԨ
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ȻĳѪħħʿȪɽ֮С
ħۡɼ¼ֻħһΣħͷһξѪܸεȱ̬ѪħƺĳԨԴ
ҲϢԴ뵽һˡ
һ˵ǣǿ˼ʿ
ħۣ
֮ǰǸҲֻϢޣʮǿѡ
ȴۼħ۵ֶΣǿ󣬴ʮһѪת
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һˡ
ϢҲڲӴʱʱ̳֣̿ʱָӦѪħϢΪҸоһȪɽ·ʲôҪ
þ֮̾Ϣһֱסѹ֮С
ˣ
£˷ٴ
һҪʼˣÿ˽ɫ£κζ֣ǵǿߡ
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ȻһҪһ̨
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һŮˣǷѽͷżȻǡ
ٺ٣ˣֻǶ˿ģĪаֻ
һ˲磡
ִָʱһ֮еٻӰ绨ӴӰƮ
Ȼһµӡ
񣡡ڷȣȱȭ
ĹĶڵȵᣬҪԴ㣬̨ҳôûбһѵΨ㣡
ʲôطӣҿӻԼѡ̨ȻҺŮӽ֣ŮӣҾͷᣡ
һΪʯͷ벻ܹˣҲ˵ĻҪԴ㣡
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ʮֱҶĬĬע벻컯ʿһ·ܶ޼ǿߣΪܴңóʵɣ
ӹȻҪһս


1101 ѹ
ʱҲԵ÷ƵҲԷŮˣ޼䣬һŮô
С㣬ǧɣһ֣ͷžâ
â֮УȻӿٷ
Щ㱼䣬ƮƮûκв
ݱâˣմӡһ⻯Ϊһڿڽ
ͣ
޼ƣϽһɱٶ̫ѸͣиռˣҲ̵ͷƤ顣
ΪӣǿϷиǿ㣬֪ʵҲǿ
ۡ
һǧɣһϷһŮӣ˾ǿϴ衢Դ޼䣡
ȻʱơӡԵ
߳
ɱ׼š
ҲͷŶʱ޵õռ侧ӡҲںϡ
ʴ˽ɱǰһ̣ʱٶܽ
Ǳһۣұۡ
һĨѪ˿ұ۳֣ԭǱӰһѪڡ
񣬶ִȵûģ޼ʩչĽӲȡԿһƷƷʴɲһ㽣ǰ޿ƣ
Ҽ磬Ȼˣ޹ؽҪ
ǲμ棬һˣ벻һŮӡ
еʵĬĬһߡ
еʵȥ
ˣȻơ
ʮһͬɱÿһжƷӲԼɱ
ǽ˵κ޼ʿ
ղҼ˿ھ֤
··ڲŵʮڽɱ֮߶Ư˲
𷭿һƣͻΪָȼջ棬سӸǶȥ
ӿ֪ʵģͷŷץһɱٽ顣
ʵȻǿ
գںϵĿ𣬲һ𣬾Ȼýǿ顣
и̾ز¶ӿǸСѾͷʵȴ˰ԵǸǲģ
֮ӹϸıƣ֮ǰɱʮΪһֱӰΧɱ
ëǣݲִ⡣
ɱԵɱƾƾһڿڽžžײ
߹˭Ҳδռơ
ͷ磬С㣬컯䡢㡢ʵҲὫܣҪףӲˣӺҲƢԡ
ӡֶ֮ɱʮ
ΪЩͬͨЩŵӲɼǧȻͬһ㡣
һ㽣ɱ֮󲿷֣Ȼɱʮһ̡
ȥֻǿǰ¶Ҹ㣬Ϊ㣬ֻܿһգҽѣ
Ԫ𣡡
Ȼ˼һı乥ơ
һƬŤ籩ɱ˫ͫ䣬γһƬǰ޹ơ
˲Ԫ񣿡ӿΧԺؿռ䲻֮ɫ
޻ǹУҲû˦ЩͷŸԪơ
޼ǿ߽ܶ㿪ģ
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ʮ׷ɱ漸㣬
ΧһɱֻһƬǶһЩҲܻ
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ʱһҪٴα˵Ĵ
֮ǰһпұۣ䲻أնҵķƤµҲһ㣬ɼʵȷԵ
ʩչ滹ǵһ޼ǿ߽֡
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ʵ޷ѹ޼ϾԼĴ
ʱʵЩһɢ޾ͷ
ҺԪƹȻӷǳͷۡѲ
һʵԪԿ㡣
ӿҲͼǧ꣬ǿԪ񣬷֮ӵӤħ̥󷨣Ԫͳ޼
̣
˫ȥ˭Ҳռˡ
ΧЩ֮УеѷֳʤҲڴڼ֮С
桢˫ڱ˴˾˹£
ʼջⷽԽԣұ˿ڿʼϣǿѪֲָ˹

ӿֲԪǷ籩һֽһֳɱ
ԪƲͨԿüܣֻһѡ񣬷
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㡢㡢ӲӷӲ벻ǻƢԣһҲ
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1102 ׵İԵ
ˣ
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ҡҲ䡭ӦΪݣ˵һԾ
أ
Ȼһ󱳣һֱĵѪ
ָһץ򣬽ͷųԴݿ֮顣
²ܶ˰ɣ
󱳡ƤȻʼâؽģ
Ȼһںϣýӡ߶ͷŽ
ŴâҲ򵥡
ͻȻ־žžȫһȥ
һƾȻβϲֻ࣬һӾ޳һ
沢δһȥֱȫ飬ͷŷӡ
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һתȥֿԣúͦõģҪӮӣҾͲ齣ǰ򵥣ǷΪ
ʤ߻Ƽ½ͷ磡
Ŵִߴʱ֣ȥԶ˲Ÿɿӡ
ҸûꡭӶţ뵽ʲôͻȻȣŭȥ
ϲʦ֣Ҳһ޼֣
ӭ濭飬ƻָҲ
֮ҲصյӣǸӣԼŮӴһ
ĪаҲһĻ˵ӻи㣬һǿߣӣʦ֣Ҫ˼鷳ô죿
һЦŮ֮ҲģΪҲ޼䣬п䣬ֻҪ̨棬ҳв޼ͷҲκβң
ע֮УǡǸԫһ޼ǿ߽档
֮ǰԫǼ֮ڣһ·ǿƹն
˫ɲǶ֣벻ԫȻռƣǳȣһȭȭ棬ԷƼһһ顣
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沢ģʼɣܶط̲ؾϧ޷ʩչ
ڲӴǵӡһֱͷϢ·Զ֮£һɱȹħǿٱĿ
֮ǰǵѪħϢҲʱʱ֣ȻԴͷ
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⣬汣־崦ھᣬⱧȭӡ
ӿɲǴԵͷ磬ɱˣսʤҵˣһΪʮ֮һʱһս㣬һҪܣԽͷ֮ޣ
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ƺһ̣֮ǾӢ
꣡
գۼ䣬ڽڳ֣쫷ɱ
׾ȫǳɫѩ״̬Χȼա
һУڻסȫǽڣɼжֲ
ӿӽڲһߣҲǵذǿߣʵȻԵһоһ޼ǿ߳Դ
׹Ȼ޼䣬ʵﵽ䣬סϢһԶжٽ磬оҲ궯

ںߣ츳ˣƷ磬ܼԦʿʮָͷҲó
߳߳
ͻȻȫͷֿиߵĿֲơ
׾
½һҲǵƷ磬ǿϵķ֮һ
ϵƱ֮󣬻ɫҲ棬һԵ
Ҳɱҫ۽âһһҽ϶ǽӡԼ
Ǵ˾ɣȻﵽָ߶ȡ
һնף·Ҫ磬ȸһҲҪ̨ǿߵ棬촷ۡ
¸Ž磬ΧʮţҲӦǽжǿ
Խɱɱ׹⣬Ϊ׹⽻֯УͻȻһָصصɱĽ档
߳߳
˲Ϣû˽
Ȼǡžž飬׹ҲǿߣǽڣѪѡ
ۣ
Żס


1103 ս
İ
У
˾һѪزʡ¡
ƲҲ˷ˡ
ΧһƬţյѡӡԫˮī޵ȵǿߣǿףһ
ǻ𸣵ؾţϴˣزǶ֣ҡҡͷ
ҲΪ֮һ̾ǰ÷ҽԲ֣ԸˣܽãһգҪʤǳɹˣҲܾˣ
ȻʣµĸֲͶɱ֮С
˿иڲʵΪֶǷǳĴڣΪע
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˶Ҳ޼䣬˽ʮ֮ڣֻܣ
˱
вپһǿߡ
ʣʮΧƲϢԱִ״̬
˷ٴ˶桢Īа׼
ֻʣ°ǿߣһֱҪһͬϳ˲Ÿո׼֮һֶͬ֡
ʮҶ־ȻǸԶ
ԶǰҮʺƵˣһҪ桢Īаǿ

ҲעӷһӰһӣϸϸһԴ˷ǳӡ
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һ˶ԣһ߾ȫս
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ͬʱҲסӡԫˮīޡյѡտȵǿߣҲ̨֮С
ô棬ȴһ̡
һ̺ϤϢӣһۣϷͼڡ
˵ش棺컯ţ˼Ȼܻܲ㲻֣
ϴʵǿϽǿ֮һҲ뷽ѩйʣѩǰ֡СҲڰйעŵˡ
沢δӦܸܵϢﵽ޼۷壬ͻ䣬ʵҲ䣬˺ѶԸԺ
ֿ̨ĪаԶҲ棬ԶԺţΪҲǴﵽ޼۷塣
֮ǰһսĻδָʱֶԸһǿԶһսӶԼԻʤ
Χ翪ʼ𵴣޼䡢ǿڽ֡
Ϣͷų벻Ϣһ̹󣬷·ϼ
ĪԺһƷ֣汻𺳡
ŹڷһҲڰעš
ܣԺһѩҲõŹ˵ŹʺУҲȽϿ̣Ź֮֮壬ʴԺǳ̺ʵҲǳ棡
ܰУͷ磬Ҳʤ֮еܿƤһɫڱߡ
ΧϢ·ںϣ̶ʱ䣬ΧҲ΢΢
һǿߣʤߣҲֻгֽз侲Զԡ
컯̨컯龳ҽԲ
ˣһȣΧ׷״ѹǵؾ
桭
һ̣עӣԶּս֮УҲûжྫȥ
ѹһǽѹһʱӦ
޼۷ȷֲ˹
Ҳȥӵо˴½ԴȻϢ̺֮ؾԪҲͷ򣬾ʼΧںϡ
Ŷ
Χһ⾪
䣡
һӡ·Ԧƶܿ棬һǼɰա
оƾݺռһͬ𵴣ϷҲһ顣
컯侹ܿ޼һơͷ磬̤쾳Ǳڶ쾳ҾͲˣ
óж𺳣֮ǰδ潻棬һ֮̽Ľ𺳡
ƷǿľŴٲţԼҲվ۷һǿ֮һ
ȴһɱ֮Ƿݣ·һǶ⣬ȵõȻ޴档
ǵţҲˣ
ƾƻ£飬ҲоƤһ˺ʹ
ǵһαȫѹ״̬
ʣ֤ʵǳǿ
ݣ
ǰһγһֽ֯״̬Խۣ·һɫ̫帲ǡ
ÿֲȫΧ
򣡡ٴνӡƤ챻˺飬ּϹ˲佫Χǡ
ɫ֮Уӡɫⲻͨƣҳơ


1104 Ϊ
˲佻֯һ󷨵Ŀռڡ
𺳿һĻǡ򣿡
ûжǷʵҲȥУܼԦһ򣬳Ծ˰ɣ
ʿ֮ǰʶֻһͨһͨƣʵһռ䣬ƿԽκεطʩչںϣһĶ򡣡
ھͱҵ֮Уһǧ꣬չؿ޶ҲԺϹҵ֮Уҿȫѹơ㣬޷ΧϢͨ޷ʩչ
ץסһƣٿΧɫռ䣬һ󷨣Ϣںϵһ顣
۽磡
滺ţΧ𺳶ϲȷ򡭡
Ҳ֪ʲôĪǰУ㻹Цó߲Ϊζϲ
Ц֮ǰҶʶȷǰǿߣҲڼʶҲĿ֮꣬Ҳƿ㲻򣬶лΪҿ۽磡
Ǻǡ
ͻȻЦˣܺãû뵽£ͷ绹Ļܹ򣬶ʤ
ҼȹϵҲϵʤ˲Ҳһܻң
𣿡
ҲԾŴҲ޼ʿһ·żȻ
ããҴδʶ컯ʿϣ˺ƣ괦컯ңҲһϣǾ㳹֪Ϊʧܵζж಻°ɣɣ
ͻȻӡ
Ц䣬ȻϷʼʼȫΪһɫƣ׾޴󣬶֮£ԵС
ݲߣȻͷѹȣȻͬ汻ռ֮С
޷ߣֻܱɫ
һ̬仯ĹƣҲǿһͷ磬֮£Ҳ㹻㴵һˣ
ЦӡٶȲϼӿ죬Ȼ䣬ѱɫѹϷ˿á
ҼȲӣ
Ҳ
Ҳʵֿܷ޼ǿߣ
ֻԴݿ֮ƣٽӡ֮ӿһͻͻѪҲǽɫ׹ڱߡ
ȻϵͨҶֱ֣һ¡
֮ɫƣѾͬʱֻΪϹɱ
ɲͨιǡ
֮澹Ҳʵ
ʩչ޼ʩչħֶΣԼΪôֻ֮׻
ɲǱһͻ֣ͻͬǰѪΪһͷͻǱס
һ׻
䣡
ɫƺɱʱͽ˸׹ͻѹģ·̨𶯣·Ҳᱻѹ顣
֪ߵغ񡭡
·ԤŴ֮ͨ£ʼֶȴһ顣
Ȼһ
̨ϣĪаԺԶͷһͨѹУѪ
ԺһҲ޷ɱ㣿
ƴϷԶȴȥԴͨĪаȥ
ʤ߱
ȻԶЦͻȻͷųһЩϢŸǡĪа֮С
ҧţԶ쾳Կǿ޼嫹ƣԪԴ·
Ҳ㣬ԺӣҲУ֮£˵ǷҲһδ飬Īаش
ƣ
Զӡ粽ߴʦ뼡žž죬ΧȻһĳȻʧ
֮һӿĪаΪһӡһΧƣƿκϢĪаǴռ䡣
ʦ֡
ǼѪ·ĪаҲ֪ʱҲΣ֮У֮࣬ҲԶԿԶơ
ԶԺ֮ӣںϣ֮䣬ΧκϢϿռɱܹơ
ˡ
һĨΧӿĪаռ䡣
ɣ벻Ըһ쾳ƵʩչԶ͵ЦƿһϢĪаѹƶȥ
һ󷨣
ƽ泹ûˡ
̫ͨУ޷ɱջܻΪ칥ƣԾ֮ɱֻӲͷƤ
һҲżǰƬ׿ռ䣬ɫƾڱըһ˽һˡ
͸ŴݣԺһƷٹǴҶʤȥ
꣡
͵Ϊ־ѹƣʹܣһ֮֮ǣѹ̨Ϸɫ֮б
󺧣⡭
׵֮ƣȻɫӡ֮Уиۼ֮ʣŵķҲӡп֮ס
۾һͷžϢӲһ㰲Ϊȫж˹ƣȻ޷


1105 ӳ
䣡
һצȻ֮Уץһӣ׹˸·ף֮һͷǿƴΧɫٴп
¡¡
ۿǰǵɫƣűͻ׾޴ӡ顣
컯䡭޼䣬Ҳ˳̶ȣ飬ΧҲ״̬
ٵͨʿ
һƬը
ǴɫƣɫȼգǾκһ˺˸

Ӿͻƣ״̬ովƣش
Ȼһ̣˫ͫǰǵƶȼ棬˲䣬ͻҲ֮ͦζ
ϹҪʵܣһɱ֮еΧҡ

漤ȫӳΧͻ֮ϡ
ͻߴＸɣ˫ۻӶ֮ʣΧ
߳߳
ͻ˫һȭɱȥ
Ҳһȭâɱ·ˣһ̽ԻΪ״̬
أ
ɫϷɱһ𣬽ƣ·һֵľƣ¡¡˲顣
֮ƺȻף˷ⷽڲ֮󣬶γ֮桢γɷ֮ƣ˳˱˴Ŀꡣ
ǿһѪƾȻ顣
棡
ͻ֮£Գ֮ΪƷǶһ޶Ĵڡ
ơͨ飬棬ͻ֮£ͻֻǱδ顣
Ȼ֮Ժ֮ϡ
ͻ֮УغţҲǿȷǵţ̨ϣֻһʤУҲ㣬δ֮Σ
ﲻǶȡҲΪǿ߽ĵһֲ֣ǾŴӣһΪ壬ɣ
ȼƱһûƤ֮Ҳڱ䣬ɼɫҲȼա
֮ӳ֣
оԷȭһͻ֮ϣʵо޼
ز֮дͻѪʼȼգΪ֮ڰҲ񳱼ӳͻ֮ϡ
ͻȭͷصضײ˫һ̣޼ɵʩչ
ȫơ־ĶԿ
ˡ
Ҫʱ̣ȴ֪һϤϢȻһЩӡϢ
޼
澪鿴ԭ޼ͷš
̡
֮һͻȻһɣڲͬ
֮ȥԶһ̨д޼ȼա
ǽ֮УֻĪаԶ£ȫ˺ѣһѪˣĪа·ʧȥʶһ£޷ڷӡԼ޼ʼ޼ɵ
ô£⡭
޼޷ƣ񱩶ȻڼʱڣᱻŴ֡
²
ӣһӦҲûС
ˣԶĵԶһͨԪ񷨱ȻͨԪ񷨱ϡ٣Ԫ񷨱пӣǿ£ɥʧ־տ޷ʹ޼ͷŶ
޼Ҳע⵽ˡ
Բˣ˫ͻȻͷѪâ
ֽ棬ƶûռݾơ
ȻĿ˲䣬۾ôģ㡭
̣
ͻͻȻ׹ɨ벻ѹ֮ƣǵ˾
ϴ⡭һһ
䣡
ͻһչرƿѪҲȻϨ
ȻʵȥûһϢ
ʱת͸ȼɱ޷̤һȥ
پŴǿߣѽǴΧҼԶ£ӡ
·֪һ̣ʲôæȰϴ󣬱嶯ʵǿţ֣ҲھŴǰӾȳȥ
һȾˣٽԶƤ
ɱɱɣӲ£ӵȷ棬ʲôԺˣǴӮܣ޼ڣţ໽
ƽ𣬻СͲòͣ
ǿϢ⴦֮С
ؽܣˣǾִǿߣִɾŴӵڲٸҲԾŴȻ¸ǿߣҲǳִ֮ˣЩΪ޼ϣ
һЩڲͬǲ磬ִֵƣۡһЩҲִ֡
ִǿߣ
̶ʱǧ޼ǿߣǿߣǴΧʱݲٴηӦĪаѾ˾ߣʧ塣
ִӼָ̨档
ս
ִ̨
ƣӡ


1106 
Ұˣ˵Ŷ˵棬ҡͷʤͷ磡
ʤߣƼ½ͷ磡ִ߽ȥ˵ոߺһâָȥ
ȵȣ
û뵽ʮִߣԶ
ԶڣΧִҲŭüۡ
氵ϴСģӹȻϵôã˹ǻҲ޼ʿ
ʱ޼ѪԨˣҲ
ȴˣȻδһ
ʵ̲סǵҲãѡ񣬷ղžһʱˣӡ
Զڸ߿һָɭɭЦĪаϵܺãĪаȻ޼ʿٺ٣ǹϵ򵥣ӦҲ޼
ʵǾŴݲ޼ûͬǲǱЩ޼
ΧִҲͷƣⷽ磬һ˫˫ĿˣӰԵ
ڴ˼ʣһִΧƿأǹȻС
·ѱȻ޼ʿ
һִʿԶҲΪᣬҲʮ꣬ΪϢԶ֮ϡ
ϢɿԺ
ִɭȻʣʵǶ㲻
Ȼ
վΧһǿߣûκ棬ȴһԲ
뷴
ڴʱŶǿߵ棬Ȼ˵Լ޼ʿǰǰڡ
ѪӿѪȼţʣٱ˲ͷϣ˳⡣
ɡ
ӾǰŴߣһȥ³кõģ
ʴ˴ʱ˿ȥ˵ʲôͣͷŷɱΧһŴִǿ߸ɱ
ٻش𣡡Զߺ
ΧʮߣԼΧעʿڿһĻҲ˵硡
ͻȻЦˣ˵޼ʿҾǣĪаʶҲ֪޼ʿԶҪǰԩ𣿡
ԩ㣿
ԶһȻŭУǻȥʵ޼޷ӡУǷģǺǣ֪µûйϵ

һ滹Ƿ´ãԷҲȻӰ졣
ż
ɱȥ
ɱһ̣ѹʧӰ١
Ե쳣侲ȻԶԼΧһ֣ҼͷΪǺ˲Ϣǲ޼йأԣǾͿˣڵڳÿ˵棬ԼΧ˷ʿͷӡǿϢ
ԶмƨǵҲʡģ
üͷֱ洫ҮʺҸ뿪壬ˣ
ҮʺƣԶ빫ȻݺңҲÿû¡벻Զ
Үʺйأ
Ŵ붫ʤκʿȻϵӣһһ
Զ棬ᵱˣһУչֳʱϷӡʼʧκϢҲʧ
֮û˿ӡһһ㡣
ߣţԶû뵽
ಣ
ŴһǿߣԼ֣вٲߣԽĿͶ̺ǿ̺֮Ӧ
Ŀ֮£ô˳ͷĿ⣬ûзӡǰǸӦ˲ʹ͸ƤѪ֮С
˾ٵǽʿС
Ժ֮УƮ˷ģκηдѪ޼Ѫħͳͳǲ޼ڣκǿԪ񡢸Ӧ޷ҵĴڣ
̲غϢ
ԭҽ˿׼вѪ޼ֽء
ѪѪز֮Ѫ쳣޼֮С
ǾƷƷʷѵ޵УԪ񷨱㹻Ѱ
ǿȳ˴׳ʮֲ컯ʵ
޵һ𲻷
̶̲ʮΧԾŴӣԿһ㵣Ϊһ컯
ΧЩҲһԶΪۿʿҲܿһС
ߣˣ
ΧԶʮŮʿƯš
ǰӣһһ߷Ůӡ
һӾǽãӦһǿ֮һӡ
ҲͷŷӦɿۣһ죬ߵýΣģκꡣ
ӵɫ糣ѵΪӣɱ̫棬ȻͷмֲŻ컯Ϳ޼˷â̫ʢ߲˶Զ
㣬Ʒ磬ܼ컯ܻ޼
ûУ
ǸţҴңҡҷϣһ·ȥ塣
ܳΪַǰʮҵǻΪޣܣݲκ۸㣡
лл㣡
ǰӾһСŮӡ


1107 Ҫ
λǿˣҵһ˿˿޼
㣬ֳһƬž
ͻȻӡӡƤ£ΪһӡǣӿƤ֮УȻӿΧһŴǿߡ
ִǼ
Զؿ˷ûκ˳棬˺һĪ⣬û޼ڹҲйǴĪаʳʲô㵽ʱα⣡
û¾ͱұŴô湫ȻӽɳЩŴǿ߸ɵۡ
ҪŴˣ
˼ʣִǿߣΧŴյ鱨޼ԼħǱ붫ʤݣǱж
ǣ
˷׷׳Χȥ
޼ʿħǱ붫ʤݣ
ưصյ棬صһͷŸӦź󷽽֮Ⱥ˶Ի
ʱǳ⣬뵽֮ǰӦѪħϢĪһ棬ħǱ
޼Щǿߣ
ӡ
ӶĪаӰӡ
Ŵִ˶޼ǿУȻкӹ
ҵ侲侲ʤ̫ⷽأǿóȻ취ˣ˵ûȳӶڴˣһǿţԼٰ
һֱܿܵĪаӰ죬ʣʮ˶ʤߣΧһʯ񣬴ɱơ
Ҳɵҩ񣬻һսֻܵһش
磬Ҳ˵Ī£취
ʱһϤŮԪΧ
̣
ӴɷģžŴ׶ӳֻ֣ҪҾܽȳʱʲôҲˣֻгΪʮǿߣȥ壬ӻָӦӦҲο
ҹùðæù˵ˣ¹޼ڣغشֱִ˲֣ǾŴҲУֻܿ㣡
ֻҪܺȡϵûʲôĵģ¹ȻŴִΪУҲҪȳӣ
ٴΰο̣ŻָѰ
ˣ
ܿٴγֶҲֳһ֣һǿߣҲǲμӹһţϧδΣǧ󣬴ΪҲﵽ޼䡣
ԣҲһսʤĶ֡
һ̣ʮߣһͬ磬סյѡԶӡ
ԶƳԶ˴⣬氵ͷɱ⡣
̨ոأԷһʩչƣնУҲȵ
ͬˮȻȻӦˣһĲһ¡
̨ܿͷֳʤףоͽһ޼ǿ߻ܡ
ǿ˹
ӡյѡԶԫˮīޡȡտԼüһ֣ڰڣһʤ
ʣһڽɱ
һڴ󲿷˶ֳʤʱҲڷԷǿ֮׻Եʵǿѹ֡
ɹ
ʱʣʮˡ
һ˷ֳʤΧʮ˱˴໥޼䡢Ĵڣһ޼ʿҲûС
л컯䣬Щ֮УԵЩ롣
䲻޼ţûһ˸컯ߡ
ۿʣֱǿǽסյһذǿߣҲĿϢ
ͷϵܣ
֮УӲԶĳգһƶ
һ΢΢Ӧϸ磬ϲһʤΪǿڱصã
ϵҲ컯֣۵ĴڣӺҲ࿴ӰѾܳΪʮ֮һҲϣ㽻֣ȪɽҶʤżǿ߶ÿʿڴ¡
ϣһɱ
Īа֮£Ҹո˵ˣרȥ̽ѱŴִ˸ֽӦڿʣʱᱻ֮ΣҺܱǸ޷㡣
޼ֵ֮·ӿϸģѸм
ҪԶ˵أͬţ˵ԼҲСˣһĴˡ
ʲôҾͶʲôлϸ硣
벻ӵ£ů
ʱûΣգаսȳ
һʱÿ˷ٴγŴ߲Ԫ͸濴ʱϲ
Χǿ߷׷׶Ҳһ⣬Զоҹ֮к磬ͶĿ⣺ͷ磬ҿλжˣ
ĮȻ磬Ҳһɨ㰵аţҵĶֲ㣿
ԷЦ⣺㻹㲻Ժ¶Ҳ£ֵﶫճҮʴͣԼŶۺ죬Ҫʰ㣬ң
̨ټҪúεֶΣĵҪ
ʧģ
գǱ˴ݲ¶Է


1108 Զ
һЩڣϰ̨벻һЩִ߽ӡ£̨ձߡ
ֻʣʮ̨֮Ҳֻʮ˻һʤڡ
ಣ
Ӱɱһ̨Ϸ
桢Զ֮УԶͷžϢܽϢѹơ
ԶƵɱңΪβ֣ȻɱղǹӾأ
һˣ
һɨΧ磬ӡѹ̨ʤû˿뿪̨ԶԺţԺ̣Ҫɱ㣬ҲȲ㣡
Ҫɱңƾ㣿һԻʼ½ɢޣԶ֣мʼ硣
б£֮ҪҪ㣬ȡͷ
ҼסˣͷҲҪˣǰ
ԶһȺҹҪ䡣
ϲƲԼ
ַɣγȻҲХ
̨ܿ춼ԶڲԽҪѹƬռ䣬һЩǳԼԼԽ̨˷
̣
˿ΧȻϢҲ̺һЩ޷Ϣһ֮ڣѹ
ѣ˶ԣ·˼ꡣ
һצ
ˣ
ԶǴնΧٶںϣҪǣΧγһ֡
žž֣·ǿɣץһɹƺҪ˲ץ顣
ٶȡͨơԪԴﵽ˸߶ȣںϣԶȻһʵֶΡ
Ѽץе棬ʱܳס̶ʱ䣬ӦԶʵﵽĸ߶ȡ

˫۾ݷ죬ȴϹˡ
˫ͫԾԾָצҪץУһƬ廩
¡¡
ָצԵץϣ𷴳ͨʼ棬Ҳ桢Զʵɱ
ͨγһըָצ飬ըƴʱû档
Զڰ⣬һƬըƣԾѣӹȻʵز¶컯ڶֱżȻң
֮̾ԶץâȻȼա
֮һδɱ˫֣ǱըΧܼһצһδκɱڱը֮С
Χɱ֮У𲻶䣬赲繥ơ
ѱУΧҲشʵȻ޷ﵽ޼۷壬Ǵ˶֣컯Զ޼֣ܿ޼䡭
ҪĪа֮£ӱ֮£ȿǵĲֱӴ鹥ƣ
ʩչ½Դּڶ꣬жȻȻͷųȥ
򣬶ȣ
󲿷ʿ򣬽ǿޣԾʯʯԴϣȻȴֱԴ½Դںϡ
޵Χɢڤڤ֮ԶΧʱͷǿ״̬ɱ໴Ц·𲻵Ҫɱ棬治ú
䡭
߳߳
֮ƣǰץӡ֮УͻȻΪһָԶֹ
Ȼûˣ˳㣿飬Զš
лԾΧɶӻ𸣵أϵ֮۶е׻
뻯𸣵زͬ뻯𸣵ؽ׾ơ
Կ֮ϾϢҲûжٻ𸣵׻ǽ־֮ϡ
ϵͨȻɢУ첻ۣˣͨҪˣ
ಣ
ԶΧƻΪɲһ羫ں϶ɡ

޼ڣ󾪣ϴģ˿ʼȫ߷ԺһͨҪʩչԺѧԸ㣡
жɣش߶½ԴΧƬ̨
Զͷ֮ȴ֪ϢڰУ治ߡ
˷
ԶҲͷ򣬶˫ֽӡ֮ΧһߣоƷ·ʧˣտҲ
ݣ
ٿǰΧ԰ټƵĽÿһһƷӲȡ
Ҫɱһ컯㹻ˣɱ޼Ҳ⡣
̫Ե
ȻڻͨÿһԵ̣Ժ¾Ŵһʤݡ
Χȷǿߣ֮ǰʩչͨࡣ
֮࣬ίʵˡ
ɣͷҲҪˣɱŹޣԶһЦƺһУ㹻ɱ档
ٵΪĿ꣬һͬʸӲͬǶȷɳ۶
ͻ
ֻ滢һ
һ̨̤𶯡
̺ٷȻֿʼںϣһɾ޴ͻ֡
䣡
һҲ˲䣬׼ɱͻ֮ϡ
ͻΰҲûˣ·̨Īа߽Ҳп


1109 Ҳ
ԶʩչǶɱ档
ԶһûأнɱͻӰԶɿȴǽݺƿն
ᣡ
ԶȻһϮ
û뵽ǿ󣬾Ȼﵽ˵زǿǿһǹ֮ͨУΪµĴڡ
ɱһ컯
Ϊˣ·ԶҮʺ³оȻһݲڼӡ
뵽ŽΧ棬һƬɱ棬еڶ֡֡
ͷ£ֻԶִ߶ʮû֮ǰǰˣݵɱȥƬը֮С
ԶҲ۵϶ƣǿ󣬵ʵʵʱʱ̶̿ʧ
ǿĿ֮
ȻԶ棬ֻһ棬ơǿ֮ͨ£ֻԴС
Ԫؽһ𣬽ͷƬ̨ռ䣬·ܽƬȻһϢȻơ
ԶÿһͷơʵһԼԦͨһ򱻰ߡ
ЩԶǧɣֳûеģ֮ӵƳ֮
Уǿ
ݡ
ÿʮʮ֮֮࣬أԶʩչǿ£ɱ
ʼռǺε״Ƽ컯Ϊ޼ǿ߹ƣܺ
Զ֮ǰҮʺ֮ʵѴﵽ컯۷壡
ЦеȥöãҾͻƶ쾳һ̤쾳ʵٶԸ޼䣬Ҳ⣡
Χըȷ£Ȼͻ֮壬֮ͻ֮ϼӳֱǿҲǳ¡
ң뵱꣬һŹԲף޼Ǿ꣬մﵽ컯ֹܽ໥ӳ֡ںϣ
ԶԽȻǿ󣬿ɶ˵ʲôҵʵڲ
ΧһδνɱͻȻ𵴣һЩ˺شһδοʼϰߡ
֮ԶһȣԽ
޼ϴڿʵɱԶΪӱѩޣ
ͻȻҡҡͷ
ǲΪӱ𣿡СҲĺܡ
ǲ𣬶ʱ򲻵뿴ԶԺţƺбóóȻ̨ɱȻ棬ǹƽԺŹң
ϴʲôӣ
ߣԸˣĿԴɣҪԶʳԺұ𣡡
ƺ뷨ԸԶһ֣ƶӡ
Զʮڣʮ䣬һδַɱͻΡȻ档
Զ뾫ڼӳֶԼһЩ֮УֳһЩϢƮ졣
Сǹ̥޷
һʱ
ݹΧ磬˷ֳʤסյǿߣΪԴﵽ޼䣬׻ʤ
ԫҲǿУһ֡
ǿ߻ڽ֣Ͼһ֣ÿʵǳǿ
Զٴͷʮڽƺˡ
֮ǰΪһлɱ棬ͷųٿڽȻʱأ
ʮڽ·Ѻ֧ţԶһĻͻȻ뵽һĻɵô󺧣ҮʺƵͷɱҲ
ܣ
ԶҮʺƣ·ϡ
ԶɫΪѿֲ԰ð亹ǰը棺һ쾳ұƵַϣһ컯
ԶһܳΪԺ½ţĲżȻʵ
ͷ磬Ʒ磬û㣬ûңƵʩչֶΣҲ
һ㣬䡣
һЩԪʼѪ˫ͫԺؿռ侹ʼͷԪơ
Ԫȴˣٴνӡ֮ͷųʮڽԪϢҲڽ֮С
ͷųһһЩԪϢҲ֮Ƿѹȶȥ
ˣԪ񷨱Ϣ
䣡
硢ը֮С
֮УػͨԪ
ǾƷκԪϢܸӦ
ֵΧ֮УԼѹ֮У΢΢ԪϢ͸ΧϢ̲أֻҪһ㣬Ԫ֮УԷܴ߶Ԫ񷨱Ϸ֮־
Ҳ̾
ٺ٣ˣԶʩչԪ񷨱ǵһ汦ӦǾƷ汦Ҷֻ֣ͨϢͨ뷨Ϣںϣ÷ȥƵˣ
Ǿԣ
ˣӦԷӣ
÷ңǾ
֮ŪԶϷ
ʵӣҲȥԶȴƹأʩչ
ΪӳɾҲҪö˿Ŀ


1110 ȻɱԺ
ԶڣԿʼжˣ
ֹȥʱ
˫֮ĿͻȻޱȡ
ʼͷϢʱΧһЩԪ쳣ʼ޼ɵӿԺ
ƺԶǰд߶Ϣѳɹɱء
ͷ磬Ҫ
ԶҲһЩطӡʩչһЩɱȥ
ģԶԽЦõ⣬ΧҲӿһЩԪ
ֻϧһ쳣ԪϢûбһʱ䷢֣ΪЩԪϢԪ
Ҫ
ԶԽ񣬲һɱ
ȼӿ죬ٶҲƣʣ࣬ȼ֮ơ
ǰǴըԼ籩ʼֻ濪ʼƯУͷԿơ
û֮ҲΪǱ
ȻԶ˫ͫѪ죬һӰӣ޲óȥһڳԵʼͷԪ
ԪҲһɱֻԶƺʧȥЭӡ޷ںϡ
ԪϢԽڲͬһ־ԵİԵʿԪϢż졣
һĻҲΧԼΧע⣡
̣
һԪ棬Զ£ԺΧ
֮һӰԶͷƮ編һţͷžԪ
Ϣ
ԣƺǷϢ
ΧһЩʿԼԶսƷ˷½ʿԸӦԶͷӰϢĹ֮
ԶҪѣ
ʱǣ侲Ŀ¡
·ʲôֶΣԶԶȻƵģͷŸལԼͷϷԪϢԽԡ
߳
һƬ֮
¡һΧΧЩ籩ڳһӣɱ
ԶͷŽȻȴžٶȣʵڴ߶ռ侧ӡ
ˣ
ԽƣԶ
һԶ벻ԶһѪͬʱͷɳһһط
͸汦ϢǿʢԪ档
֮Զȥһ
ԺŵԶȻʩչһ̴
ȷԪ񷨱
˴һţ
һţԺȻʩչ
ɱ
Զ·ʧȥǣһڸߺ˵۾ٶԪ񷨱ɱԪơ
Զ֣вһ
ΧʧߣЩߣʼߺǶٲҰԶеǿߡ
ԶȴزٿعɱΧһִߣ
ˣʱˣ档
һɲǣԶȻԪ񷨱ɱ޷ֵ
ӦЩִ߼֣ͻȻЦԾٶԶơ
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ָֻ׹Ϣ˸Զʧȥƽ⣬ͷ­ӿʼ롣
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ԶԴ׿Ȼ˵һ仰
û˵ѱ
ಣ
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ɱĺãɱĺã
˷ǲߺХˣһƬһƬ
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Զ⣬һ˷½ţһдδ
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ִ֣߳󲿷ԾŴ
Ҳмִ˴ڡ
вپŴ߲㣬һϷôֳ֣ǲδһʱ̨
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ʱ˿̣һжžǶ桢ŴԼΧǿ߶ԡ
·䣬̨ѲҪΨƯһŴ̡
ҲڿǣȴžŴִж
֮ŴִҲһ͸ɱü䣬Լ̬֮Уһָһȡ
߹ǰ̨ϵ棬ȻǶԣֻһͨʿ
Գ֮䣬ΨԶΪˡͷ룬Ѫ˿ӿѪȶֲ
Ժһӣ˳Ŵ޶ԣʷϴδйһĻ
ֱߣʱֳʤַѾۼǧԾŴǿߡ
Ǹ߲㣡
ˣ
ڼָӽӡ£׷ʧ
һ߲㿪ʼӦ·̨Ϣ
ƽʮһղƮ첽һ㿿̨Ϸ
ҲԶʬһࡣ
˾ǻ޼ϾɱϾɳ½Ļƽ𡭡
⣬ȴ棬Ͽһ֣̿Ƿ˴ͬʱȥעʮǿߡ
ɵ뵽޼ϾĴԼһЩɢޣЩ޼ǿߣһưΪ𣬵ǵֲŴǿߡ


1111 ִҪһ˵
ǵŴһЩţҲܹʵϣѹһͷ
Ŵ̫ϳ棬һԣ̬ʵѸЩߣԼ˴𰸡
˵ȷԵϵӲӴնϣɾ䣬Զоһ˿ʹ࣡
һִߣԺҲᣬӦʮԶʬԼ顣
һɨ棬֮ͫǷŭ
ҹȻɱԺţ棬δֹ顣
̨֮ʧܣҲû˸º֡
ɽ棬һжˡ
ϤϢöˡ
ӶԷתΧ󲿷ֶʧ
һ˲俴һֻʤǿߣӦϰˣԴ壬ԺٵӣΧ
ӹӡѩ᳾ӺԾȵҮʺƴҮʴ͡
ƺԶȷ򵥣ôǻһ죬ȡǿߡ
ѩд棬㵨Ҳ̫ˣԶͬţͷΪ㾹Ȼɱ
ҪɱңȻʩչԪ񷨱ΥȣֻΪ˻ɱˣಫʲôлشһ䡣
ǳ׽Ժˡѩڶ֮УҲⲻͬòʳڡ
ּ٣ðţԼǿߡ
ǰһٶˣڶֽ𣬶ǾӢ֮еľӢ
һֹЩ֮УֻʣһˣǸǾӢ֮ţΪذ
λ
ʱһƳţΧŴ֣ԼƽЩߣʤѶĪ¾Ŵһ˵ǿ
ֻһָԶͷ­ԶƯһʵһƷ汦
й涨ǲߣʩչԶӾŴԼִˣΪɱһ·ϣܵõһ˵Ŀ֮£һžͷ
һڹȻӦʬ塢Ѻ˲飬Ҳִ߼ܣȷԶΥȣ¹شҪϸ˶ԣ
ʤߣʼ½ͷ磬Ӣһ֣һִߣ֮ǰһֱȻʤ
ʱӦȥ˭֪һߣԼΧִ߹ԶӹأҲӦøвߣһ
㻹ΣһԺ֣ŵȻһŭ
ȻԺ֦ͬԺҲڵ
ˣ֮ǰԶЩߣһ˵øһƽ
ֻһɢޣʤԶҲЩڴУԶ˵Уһ˵һƽ𣿡
û˵ûйƽԣԶԺӣɹؾǹأΣƽĪǱȲһˣȲԺһӣ
Ŵһ˵ܹģûһƽҪִʲô
ף־
¸֡ԼΧʿϲδŴѹƣ֮ʶ
ǰҾǰԶУԭһֱʩչ÷ҲƽҪԺԼִһ˵
벻ʱһ޼һţҲһ½ĵӣȻҪ˵
һЩ˳֣ǰԶЩš
࣬ҲͶʮˣЩĸعأԶֵǿߣ
棬ʼղ֪ࡣ
˵ף˭ԺľţһԶš޳ܵСˣ
ЩվȻЩǿߣߣЩʧߣҲŭĿӡ
ˣҲƻأʩչδһԶǵһˣ
ȴУ뺮ڰн

һƬӰִӰգżԦһͨ
ԭԺӣһˡ
һ޼ǿߣ
һӰ˲̨Զʬԡ
һϧߣѮ£Ȼƫ󣬵Ƥһ㣬ǳӵл
һһʵĪǿߣ
ͽ
ͻȻ§Զʬ壬һֻ֣û˿ɵ־壬Զͷ­ġ
һ§Զʬ壬һԶͷ­Ȼ˫ʪ
ΧŴǿǧˣһĻѡĬ·Ǹڳǵ顣
ɪɪˣϴ󣬴Ժ̫ϳϣλСϡϡϡ̫ϴ֮ϣԺϹŶС𡯣һǰƷĳǿߣ

ͽ
ǾԶʦֲ߲ѪԼʬ壬ԴһԴԶ
ҲͬףԶΪǿΪԺһǿ֧֡
ȷǿΪоϢޣǻƽҪԺϹŶȻƶһ㡣
ʱ˿̣Ժˡ
һưڸݡ


1112 
˭֪ͻȻػԶʬ壬һɨ棬ֻһ۶ѣͿƽˡ
˭֪˷ԺԶɻط棬Ȼ棬๼ԺЩڴˣ⳥Լ
лǰ
Χʿò£Ӧ
ϹŶϹŶȻ
¶΢Цǲŭգֻڣѹưˡ
ͷ磬ŴԺҲ⳥ƽ׵
и˵ҲˣŴת뿪̨
ʬ岻ˡ
ŴٸҲɢһӡΧֵľӢţ࿴֮󣬿ʼʧ
һ˵ɱһԶʲôʲộҪŴһͬᣡ
ƶ֮УΧʼһЩÿһ·Ȼ
ʹȫƤ֮£ѪƺԼ
濴ЩŴִ˸ȥ뵽Σ
һ̫ϴϣλȨأԺ߲㣬ӣɱ˱Ȼд鷳
鷳Īаһȣʲô
ֵһᣬ˲ݣɱȥȳӡ
̬δչһܵȴȥѰһᣬϲߡ
סյѡտȡԫˮīЩǿߣ񣬽һ֣޼䡭У־ʩչѪվ
ִ˷ӱʮǿߣһǵǿߣһμӹĴڡ
÷Ŵ߲֪ˣһʮ˽Իϳսȱһˣֻʮ̤һ档
ʮŻ߲ͨϣʮ̨棬ˣԲսʤֱӽΪʮš
Ȼ˭ܳΪ˶һ죬Ҳǵذǿ֮һ
Ϣ£ÿ˷ٴγһʱʮżͬʱ鿴
ԫǸ˶
ÿ˷ڽԳֶòԼ
ǿһƯ֮⣬Ϣرע½
ԫ
̫ʢŴ߲ٻɸѡֱӽ
ô
żĽԶԶƶ֮УĿʮĸԫ
ٴοԼ֣ʮӰ֮У֪ԼһԻ½һţס
˲ϢǰƶˣͬǴͶһĿ⡣
ǻҲؿ
һ־Ƕ֣׻δС棬ǰУĿɿҲ浱ͬǿԸ
Ĳһ찲ҲӦǿߣ²ǻף֣һǰĴڡ
ֻǻ̫˭˲֪
ɵ˭ѽΧ˺֮УСĵԪ
氵Ӧ½Żף޼䣬һذǿߣʵɲ⣬ҲһգϹٲõģ
ںãã֮УȷһģϹҲһ䡣
˿̣ΨһֱӽĸԫڲٸߺУһ˷壬ȥǳ֮µȴţΧǾŴ߲顣
ͬʮŸҲֻиԫһߣҲ縶ԫһ˲սʤ
һֱҲǾӢ֮⣬ۼ˷ʿս
ߣȻʧܣǻһ⣬ʮǿߺ󷽲Զȴһֱʼ
Ҫͣڻ֣֮ߣͦģ벻
ͷŸӦ벻һں󷽹עӣҲһʮ֮һ
ӣһЩΪᣬΪ޼֮ϵľ֡
Щ˹ƶǵʿ֮ΪܳĴڣӵʸս
ԶҲܿ˷½һЩߡǿߣһ棬ǿɼʶǿһ
ˣ
󣬷⻪ʼ
ʮ֮Уӱʤߣ׷硣
ֻ֮о̨ÿһ̨ҲǧԶΧϰپŴǿڵȴ
ÿ˰շϢ֮С
ಣ
̨̨ȻҺɫʯɣΧӡ̨ʵļ̣нͨںϡ
һһͷ泤ӣҲһ̨Ϸ
ף
Ի𸣵ؾţϽذǿ֮һںһöӵо
һ̨ϷĿ⣬Ƿƶ̬£תһЩ⿪ʼΧͷš
ƺһսսʤߡ
벻һ֣µǿߡ
һʵ޼ϾƻҪһصǿˡ
λ
׼һսǧһ֮ʣȴ˶ĺ


1113 ս
·һȪɽʩչͨһ棬ȱַǳʣ½ӣʵƷңط˾ŴִƸóһ
ڲͬ޷ýǮȥһ¾һ쾫ӢλʤߣԿԵõһִ˿ָ꣬ÿһλ߽ԻϸĴо顣
˻ǧѷ꣬ϣһ֣ʣִһߣȴǣǣһǣʤҲһ죬ΪǶе԰
ƶԵشš
ߣ
پ֮˷
濴ףҲ˶Ծ
ȴ֪ǿߡ
ˣ㲻ִ֪߰˳ԱҲ߲㣬λŴ̫ϴһִ˷ִߣִҲһЩȼԽ󲿷ִߴڵľǿߣ
²߽ͣǴӰ˷½ӿʼͨǿߣִѡУǺò׽ִˣִΪƷ¸ֹͣԽִǿߣܳΪߣһߵʵܻɱһ޼Ͼ
˼ԭˣҲ˵ִᵽһߣԲԾŴ°˷½
ִȻǾŴ죬Ҳõ˷½ǿӵֻҪ֣ɢޣֻҪʵпڱԿԼִˣ˴󲿷ָ֣ʵ°˷½绪ƽЩȻҲִһԱ
˵һúܼȻܵõ꣬ĪԵ
ǵȻˣΪ޼֮ϣ䡢䶼пܰ꾭飬ڻˣƸʿԪУҪںϡ
λῴһҪõ
֮Ҳ¶Ϊڴɫ
ˣ
һһֻΧ磬ը
ʼˣ
ӻףԷҲһͬͷš
Ӣ֮󣬾ٳΪذǿߣӴ£һԾ졣
ڻµţһΣӿڻ𸣵ӵߵλ
һʱ󣬴ţͷ磬Ӣһ֣ҿķɰɣ
ͦأҲףҲΪһȴһ죬Ѿȴ꣬Ҫ̤Ʒ۷壬Ҫʶǿж಻
ȴ꣬ȴȴǧ꣬ǿ̫࣬һŲʧ
෢ͻȻﶯ

ˣ
˵֮ͻȻ̣ƺ棬Ҫɱˣ

ʱݲ淴ӦͻȻ𣬴Χǰһɱ
Ƥʹ
ͻ
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ڻҲں󷽿ͻȻܷסԼƣһߣȻһ棬˹Ŀ࿴Ϊ֮ע컯ţ
Ҳǻ𸣵ؾǿߡ
һУ
һνѣѳԾһ컯̺ľʵ
֮ҲŴ㵣ҲƺδϵʵȻǿ˹ͻȻܺ
ԶǿߣҲ޷ͻ
ʴ˻ʵѾԳ󲿷ǿߣֲôӾӢʼ׶ּ
Ϊ̫ǿ
Χ˽Կʮɱһ
Ӵӵ֮Уӡһ㣬Ⱥ֮Ư֮Ů
Ӳɿ㣺ʵǿڻ֮ϣΪͷ𣿡
񾲶һ棬ʱδõѳɹɱذʵѷǳǿǧںΪȻһݣǴʵ󣡡
ˣ
ף֮ܣʵ֮лҪǿƷں֮ˣ̫̫٣
뷽ɵµ֮һ
һЩȻ׸ںһ棬׾ͳΪ֮һ𡢻ǵһ֮УָܼԦĴڣҲõ𣬵޷ںϣ
ҶˣԱȣҾ֪״ʵͷ粻ǻ׶֣
ͷʵɲ⣬ղһУֿܵʵ˵ʵȻܴﵽŵ޼߶ȣ֮ǰ˵һ컯ʿܽܣòţˣ
㣬ûͷ罻֣ʵҸоףԶ֪ǳ
һ棬һΪԽذӣ򲻾֮ƷҪš
ϧͷ磡
ӽԿϣǾŴţ·Ƕɢ࿴


1114 ǿǿ
ҿʵֲǱʵȻеλб𣿽㻹δӦŴ׷󡣡
龫֡
Ӽż磬
Ц绨Χӡ
Ӱ̨ͷ硭Ҷǳһսʤϣһսƾһʮǿߣ˽ҲԲˣ
̨֮УЩǿҲ֣ɱѽѷ֣ֳͨƷ°˷ǿߡ

һ֮
һ󣬱ıͻյòð̣·ʱữΪ
ѷ컯Ϊ״̬Ҫͻ䡢򶨽ӡ£ѷȫںϡ
ְ㣬֣δǰ㣬ѹ棬֮½֮ܡ
֮ǿҲʿ꣬ʱ˿̣žżȻԼˡ
һͷ磬ӼĪаʱҾ͸оز¶Ȼͨ䣬Ϣޡ
һӰʿ֮С
ȥ˺ͨİƬ߿գעһ̨档
ʦ˾Ǽͷ磬ɱʦֵ
һ˺Ҳм˷
˿ǣ׷·
ΪЩԶʤݶճǣǶʤһǿڶʤֻһȥ½Ǿһڡ
һλŮӣһͨеŮӣӦʧܣֻΧעޡ
ȻʱŶճͨװ磬żȺ֮УŮǰӭӡ
ճǷͶȥȻľ⣬żΡȻԭͷ磬˵ǰСֲû˿ʵܴﵽ޼䣬½ʵ֮ǿʤף
ͷǿŮӴΪ𺳣ʦ֮𣿡
ȻҪҼͷѪڴ˵Ү޵۹ֲ֪ߵغ񣬻ɱԺԶԺܻ뿪ʤݣ
Ժ֣
ǿ϶ģֻҪԺܹȻɱһ½ţϵҾȥ
ʦһҪΪʦֱǶճǺʱˣʿɱ
ֻҪĴ˶ɣ
ճִżˣȥ
̨
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һ
֣һ棬һαɫ
ͻ֮бֽӡҳǵǿߣҼͷҲߣóʵ
׳ͻͻ̺ͨϵû뵽һ𸣵֮⣬ԼʤݣƷ绹ˣ˰Եϵͨ
𸣵صһ׾£ףʩչһɣ𣬿ɲʩչͨ𣬿κβңҲΪѹֵĻӦ
ǾͷָʤɣԭǴʩչֶΣȻھӢѲ֣
ɲһ֡
ȼջ׷ױģˣ
߳߳

ΧΪģΧɽǵһ⻪ڿʼҫ
ɲǵҫ򵥣ϵƣ׵ڻ׸ϱ
߳
׵ԽۣҲϱƽ档
׸ʱǰǰԵϵڱߣУ·ֻ
Եϵͨ治ǿֻţ˷ܣϵֽ֡
̣
һҲʼֱ֮Ҳ׻
׵ճһЩ亹Ȼץȥ׽
ݣ
߳߳
׹شȻʧ󲿷֣֮һʮɶ೤ںϴ渲Ƕɱ
ɱ
ûܣĿ£һУϾǻ𸣵صһѧ
Ȼôɱ׹⽣ƺһС̬Ҫȥؾˡ
㡭
ΧʿԼš߷·𶼱һУоĶǡ
ץס󣺡׺ǿǿǽ׾Ʒ統ǿ󹦷֮һͷ绹ɱȥ
͵ҶСͷ磬ˣһ컯Ȼǿ֮ģ˳Ʒ漸ǧ꣬ȻƷǿ֮һӣ۹ⲻ
߳
䣡
ͷ׹ȭһʱף̨Ϸɱһ޼ɵ˷иȥ
һʱҫۣ޷ƻôǿ
գۼ䣡
ҫͻȻȥľˡ
˺濴ȥʱֻ滹վֻҲƯţ˾Ȼ¡
һ̣Ϊ֮ڡꡣ
߳
ɱɱһ׹ƾ
֮ɱҲһȭ׹¡֮ƣ˹ײ򣬺¡¡̨Ϸϵɱɱȥ
һɱ̨ڽ磬ʱʱ̴̿и˺֮С
˿̨鲻Ƭױը֮Ӱڸ߿˸¡¡ڽ߿ձ


1115 ͨԾ
ʣײ֮еǿߣ
֮⣬Щ̨塣
ٶǿߣڹעⳡսΪ֮
һʱ
ͻȻ𺳰˷Ц֮ף½һ׾Ҳˣȷǿ󣬵Ʒ磬׾Ҳǵһϵͨ
һƬ
׳ˣ׹⡢׹ʧҲˡ
˶ɫ԰ףɼʩչϵƣжྪˡ
׾ҪΪʩչϾѧΪ㣬Ȼ޷ӳһ𸣵ݲӣ
һƬնһ̣ˣĿ֮£ȻΪһ塣
ֻ𣬶û
ûںϣƤԳɻ棬˿Ҳһ
⻹
Ϊϵʧ׻ԼһЩ
˻״̬ٴκţܽںϵ˳̶ȣ
ȷɣ
ʶҲһݾ̾ȻһںϣʿΪ״̬޼Ƿʿһ󾳽֮һʿ޼ͨԳԽ컯쾳ٱǧ
ں𼸰꣬Ҳ޷ﵽ״̬뵽Լںϵʯ¾֮ǧﰡ
ںʹȫΪ״̬

棬ָǰףֳ֮ò
·ǻ֮УͻȻһò죡
ɫȻԵʱ·ǻʹߣԾ죺ҪʶʵãҾǿ״̬֮£
һ֣
ǿе棬Ҳǵޣ˼ʩչ𣬿֣ʩչ𣬻Ѫ𣬲⣬컯޼޴࣬Խ
ʣһζʤ֮УĿǰΪһս
򣡡
ɲǼչ
˫ͫ棬ںϣ׷տԽķӿȥ
Ҫһ̨߽Ҳûˡ
㵵ػعΧȼջ𺣣·صջյأȥҽ硣
ںϣɲǵƣܻڷգյ̨ڲҲڲ
һֽ˷ûʮ֮УΧȫڷյ档
治򵥣㣡
Χʿ֮У׷ױһ̨𺳡
԰ٻĴ½ǧɵӡӣһֱעһս̨ǵǲע
ӿãܽںϵֵز̫ϴҲף˵Ҳ̿УΪҪһ㣬츳ˣû츳ںϵ˵زȻùޣҲﲻֳɾͣ
ڻףһŮ޻֮ܡ
ͷǲˣӵĵ
һ㿴ʱ򶨣գһʱߣûУ
ΪΣĪǱסˣ
һôܱסţһиԴǴģʵһսףʵﵽ״̬ٽȥˣɲ֮ˡ
𣿡
ӸΪڴӨӨĿž̨֮һ
ˡ
ͻأ䣬ӺȻץסһ޷
ƺԪӷڲ
㣬̨кջ񣿡ƺ֪ʲôӺ䡣
Ի½ţһͨһǧĺѩ˶֮ǰսʤһذǿߣΪԵʮʤ֮һ֮ԭʥϵҲΪ˵һʱ֪ͨҹڻʥض
ͨǧĺѩΪδδ֣
˭һڶʤݵҹ䣿
ҡҴˣ
֮ǰŴǿͷҲнӴ֪Ŵ棬Ҳ˭ӵ񡢵ذʥǿʱԭʥ棬ͼһһŮ˫޶󣬺һǱ½ңԶС
ֲãܴСȥ½һӶʤҲ൱ף
½־Ŵ֪ȥƷ˷֮У̽꣬ٸ֣ͨǧĺѩֻ֮һѡ
ţͻȻɫסע̨档
ԭ桢׽Ǵ̨ȻΪһ򣬻ǧ׾޴󣬲һͽͽû
ֻԼһ˴ǻ״̬Ļףɱһƽһơ
֮Уɼٷջ棬Ϊӡɱȥɱž
˵ڲ棬ǷʱգҲܽյͨ졣
̫ǿˣԼںϣɼƿشﵽྪ˵زںϣܳɾ˾춯صĿ»ͨ
һĻע⵽̨ʿ϶˷֮£治ܻܷܻţһ漣ʤ
Ȼ
룬澹Ȼһͻ


1116 ʤ
Ǳףں߶֮֮ҲΪϵͨ
ɲһͨ츳֮ͨѪӵе֮Ҳںϲ٣ں֮󣬾ͳΪһ츳ͨ
򣬴ͬС죡
ͻͻͻ
Χһƣϵ𻢱һδλУѺڳ֡
⣬֨֨
ҵ֮ܿס޼ҲʩչѪСǧѪĻһսʤ
´߶Ԫ󷨣ҲΧΪЩ涼Ի𾫻ҽҪƾʵǿߣΪƷһǿ֮һ
ৣ
ͻȻ˫ۻӶһȭȭɱɱһ϶ҲͬʱǼӰӵĻס
ӡȻȫѹ
֮⣬ȫڲƣǻѾɫ԰ףð麹
žž
һצȼ֮ͻȻɱǴһԾ۶
棡
ɱˣ𻢱ţȻǱƻɱѺۣʼղδ顣
ٿ棬ȫͬ̿Ƥڣɼ֮У˶
ܻųʤ
˼飬ͷʵǿ˹Ҫ֪ȫʩչʵѴﵽ޼䣬Ϊμͷһ컯䣬ʵܴﵽ޼䣿
ӻɫû֮ǰ֣Ϊ֮ߡ
ܻңȻżȻҲ޺졣
Χʿ֤һĻ
״˿̴ӻ״ָ̬Ѫ֮ͷ磬ʤɣǿ״̬Ҳǿ״̬
ڻ֮ףд⣬֮Ҽֵڣִ֤Ʒ۷֣жپ룡
𣡡
֮
Χٻ棬ӿ룬һֲС
ٿһҲӡǣѺ۶ʧˣٷҲڻ֮ϳ֡
ˣҲĸԸ
ͣ
󲿷־Ļףŭɱ
ҰܣҶԣҲͬʤ
ڻ𻢷֮Уһ̤Ҳ֮۴ơ
˾ĩϼ⣬֮Уײһ
䣡
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桢ͬʱɱըû
һ졢籩˽֮УȻγһɾ޴ý綼ڲ
̨Ѿ󲿷ֱһΪ촷̨ۣܽ˽һУжء
ǽ赲нǿѹƣɻܽΧʮû
ȴڽ
˶̵˫Կ桢׶ų֣Ƥյýڣͷһ룬֮ҡͷЦ
濴˸أڲѪڿٻָһ̣Ҳ״̬
ۣ
׶ȻһѪ£վΪ

Χʶʿ
ҰˣһһˣһΡҸӰܸһ컯ʿ˵ˣŭ߳ŭֻ֮һֲġ
ֲģ²ֹ״ʱ̹ġ
ǶԣʧܣֲҲȻء
ǿߣۻߣһǿ֮ģ˭ǰΪʿ
֮·ϣܼߵ
ͷսʤףΪ棬ʮǿ֮һ
ʣ˽ʵֳ£û뵽ǿ˹һ컯ʿͷ磬һʵ޼䣡
һսͷƷ硣
Ʒţ
˷Χʿһ̣Ŀá֤һ֮ս
䵱ɳ磬֮ǣҫˡ
ϲʼ½ʿͷ磬Ϊʮʤ֮һϿյȴ
Ŵִߣӭ棬߿ա
ڻ𸣵ؾֻף֮뿪磬Ŀ֮£żįȥȻҲл𸣵ǿڸ
߿ܣ
ӢۣΣ
ܾǰˣʿ
ϲ
âǰ
иԫյѡտȡˮī޵ߴڵȴ˷ֱԶԺһذǿߡ껡Լš
֮浽պðͨΪʤߣﲻ䲻ֻס
ʱһʤرӡ
ǻǰ벻սֻʱžʤɼһ־жѡ
һɨŴ󳤾󲿷Ѿʮʤߣоͨǧĺѩ֡
ΪǶ쾳䣬ʮʤ֮УΪĶ쾳ʿ֮һ
ͨǧĺѩԭʥ뻯𸣵أȻõĪٶȳԽﵽ쾳䣡


1117 Ʒ
ͨˣǱ½һţҽ֣չ־ʵ˱ȻǱ½͵õĳִˡ
Ʋ֮п˽棬עҪͬǱ½ˣƷ̨շֳʤ𣿡
ʮ󳤾֮УһֶôϤ
ǶٴδţҲš
ϤӹӡԾ᳾Ӻ¡Үʺơɵȵ
ȻЩ˶Ȳͨǧĺѩ𺳡
ಣ
ȻĳӢʤϢ֮յ΢΢һƷ
֮һӽ̨һ
гӢһɨ˴δ棬йţ֮УҲԾֶ˽⡣
Ӣ᳾һӣҲһذǿ֮һ
˿ųӢһЩִ߷治ɰ꣺ǾŴд󲿷ʤߣǣ
پŴһͬӡ·硢һ̨ӡһαơ
˿һʮ󳤾ΨųϻԲһ֡
ȴԼһʱžһǿߡ
ӢҲڽһţƷ˷½Ӱʿ֮ӱİʿڳ֮˸Ų
ƽһЩ߿գִ֮ʾ£ʮһ߷ǰ߿ա
Ʋʱ벻һɽ߷壬λҲһʿ
ʤľǿߡ
ȷͨǧĺѩϢǱ½л½Ϣ
ʿδʽ棬͸ӦϤϢ
֮һϤŮİƮϲ㣬ܻܻףһ棬ͷ֮ˣ
ͬϲҲ˳ԭǷѩ
⣬ӵ޼þŴƷӿ֮ˣ컯ҲӦλڶʵһнԤ֮У
ѩ÷ǳ죬ʱѡ
ǵȷǡѡ
ŮͻȻڣȻڴ޼⡭òѩжѲǱ˭˶
ͬʱԺƳ棬ǧĺѩ֣һٳ֣ҧѪ⡣
ǧĺѩҲܹͬƳĥӦñʹ࣬Ϊ汾Ƴ棬֮Ѫߡ
᳾¡Ӻ
ɽ߿գʮһţֻһŶڴԷ
Щ֮УֿһЩϤйӴǹڵǿߣǿ᳾ԼصĲ£Ի𸣵صӺ
½Ϣ
ţ
ӦǳϤĴؾϢһλŮӣŮӷǳϤ¹ơ
Ӧþǰ¹ã¹
һ֮УǸϤӹӣڳΪǿ֮һ´ӴԺ󣬸Ʒ˼ס
޷ӹӣ̤½Ϊˣʲô幫ӣͽʼ塣
ָоһЩĿⲻԾӺüͬԻ½ǿߣҳ⣬Ϊһܻף
ԭЩĿϢˣԻ½
ȻȴһϢ
һӣŵ֮Үʺа˷
ʴ˾Үʺƴ磬Үʴͣ
һξ룬ҮʴͶŭ⣬Ŀ罣ͫͬâ
һЩԺԺԺ֣Ŀ⣬ҲǼΪжԡ
ϵܣϲ㣬û뵽һϲܻܻף˱ٰ
һʮ֮Уд
ϸҲżȻˣλֵܿϢȻǷһʱ뵽ӡ
Ȼ֮£Ҵ֮ǰץЩ޼ʿһĪ̫ţҪʱ޼ʿһͬþ
һͬþ
ǡһͬնף

оͻȻѿȫҲʹҲһ໥ײ洦ˮȼ尾֮С
þ
Щ޼ɢ޾ͷ
·ܸӦʱ飺֮ǰִѾҪ޼ɢǿߣĪаײϡ
лϸģܿڶʤݣǵʿ档
ʱʮţ⴦ɽ߿棬󲿷˽Ϥ֮ˣֻ桢ԫˮīһЩ½ţԵЩ롣
ʵЩȻҪڲ֮󣬽վʱȥѣʵĸĲǰͲöԷ
žۼ֮žŴٸ߲㣬·ƺ֮еɽ
Ҳвٰ˷ʿⷽɽϧûȨ
ƺ·𱻲һ㣬žŴ߲㣬ɽۣ֮вٹҲкܶŴǿߡ
һ󣬽ɽǡ
Ȼ
ϤϢֻɽǹ㳡ǰʮȻһʮ֮һ


1118 
ۼţŰſƺţֺܿӹ㳡Χƺʧȥ
а¹ҲӣָΪǿĸ֡
֮벻ֳһЩߣԭִǿߡ
лһˣһĴڣԶʦ𣬴ԭҲִ˵Ĵ
һߣһϢִŵ⡭

̶ȻֱһϢ
һߣѮңҲִ˴硣
ؼһϢȻ˵λǿ󣬱ȾǶճǵĶճ
ֲöճҮʺԸԭճִ˸߲㣬ȻӰ
㳡֮УžۼһãŴִǿҲһǧˡ
ɫϢ䣬ҡĪǻɱԶ˲뱨𣿡
֮У¼λУȻ˼ŶճԼͷоʱ̽âβ档
ȻŸǡ
ǰִǿӪͷǳˣŴ֮ԺǿҲв
޼ϴ󣬷ѩͷŸӦϢѰң
ѩʱʱ̿޼ǿ֮У֪˭лᣬ뽫Ůѹ򡭡
ѩ
һ裬֪ѩ죬ʵŮҲڰעһһ
ǰлǣ£˶ʤ֮ã˭Ҳ֪ʲô
ѵ
ҲڰעΧţ޼䡢ǿߣ쾳ֻˣ޼һҲмһˡ
඼ǾŴӣԼ˷½һţɢ޲֮һ
ɢ֮мˣϢȴӦֳ֮һΣС
λ½ţҲǸ̨ʮʤ֮һҲ޼Ϊ
Ϊλ½ţϢ븶ԫһоЩϤʮ䣬ϢΨһоǹ죡
Ͽûʲô֮븶ԫϸӦϢԱȣȻһ˿˿֮
Īѣ֮ǰʶ
ĥһ̵֪Ժ⵺죬һЩ½յء
ϲλ
һȻ֮š
Ժ̫ϴҲִ˸߲㡣
һټ𣬷׷׿㳡Ϣ޷
ڵǴܰţڳΪƷʡʵɫİţϷڴ˴ִˣԼŴλ֮У˸ʱҲϣھ죬ó״̬һ档
Ҳسŵʱڣټһߣָ꣬ͬҲԴУ˻⴦ɽۼȪɽΪϡҾУ
ڼҿȥԺǶʤݸǳزιۣһλ˻ǰѴңⷽɽ̺ٹǿѡҲȪعλУˣ
ΪϹŶʱǰûһӡ
Զ˶ԣǰ˷ţɢޣִ˵һӡǳ
ȴΪɻɫ֮У˿ˡȻĪ治Զ֮
ǿʼɻһЩŴִΧȻһ˵ǿߣͷŹ
תҮʴ֮⿴ԼĪΪܱܵ
ͷ磡
Үʴ͵ֵطƾŴִˣɭ棺㾿ҵܵʲôֽţ̨ڣشڼ֮УҩýԲԡ
Үʺô˱ʩչԪ󷨡Ѫɴ󲿷ѪʧȥѪ֧ӻʵһӳΪؤȻӦ
ˣ
˼䣬浭ȻӦҮʺʵʤȻˣȻƹԵʣҲΪ
㵱治֪飿Үʴзʡ
ҡҡͷʮֿ϶֪顣
̨ϼԷһ仰淢ս˼Ҳܼ򵥣̨ҿʰ㡣
£
Ȼ˴һ
滹δȥͱԷϢںǡ
ԭͨǧĺѩ˺󷽻м𸣵ظֵȴţӺ
󷽹İⰻȻȭԭǻ𸣵Ϊɫλţ¼ͷ磡
벻ǧĺѩҲǰĿ⣬󷽵ֺʮͷѾ֮ţ컯ΪţƷδй漣ϲ
ͨϵǶˣӦཻϣԺплᣬͷҵȾ۾ۣ
һһ׼䣬ּţвŮòȥ븶ԫˮī޵½
˹ȻϵˣھۼƷ羫Ӣ֮У˳Եÿɼ棬˵ȷҲһɳ졣
˭Ǳһ𸣵أ
ϵܣȥ棡ʱԶ֮УԪ


1119 ԫϢ
һŻ໥ʶ½ţֺ֮УһȪأĶǰڶðŹˮݣ·ȪһԴ
һЩѴһ
һϷǰһɽȣףٻţһЩŴмԦɺѲߡ
û뵽ϵܱ˾ˣ˶֪㣬ֻɱԶԺĵӣ¡벻񿪿ڣֱ⡣
ʻȻһЦ̨汾ˣ˭գһԶʩչƻǰһΪѱһҲȷʵˣ
ŶճҲڰѰټԭ㽫ճɱڶʤҲСճͼִˣΪŴϵͬһ㣬֮˻̼ΪɱӣҲŹ㣡
ϸվԺһ£ͷмΪĪа֮£ԺҲչ顣
ӰᣬйأΣ˭ʶһЩ޼йصʿôʤܶҵˣûмҲУ
֮Ǹ
˵ЩˣסͺãǧģȪɽԸ㣬뿪˵ˣһϢ˵Ϊ׼һ֮УһִһӵоֶεĴǰ֮У˭ҵõ˴ĵãȻʵԺҲ˳ִˣ
𣿡
һǿߣ
˼˱ȶճҪǿ
˭
ɵҲ
һ󣬷ĬĬȥ
ѰһȪϢã̰д˵ǴϢ֮Σ죬ṫȻŲ޼ǿߣһͬȻþ
֮ǰӷϢٴ濪ʼ
ȪҲ޼ޡţѪԨա
ɶΣգΰУǾ뵽꣬ӿܾҪɥھŴִ֮֡
λܾУ
ţ޼໽ȷɱȥһܽδһߺߣԺҲҳ֣ûҪǱ𡣡
ƵǸϣһԺɱ䣡

ֱȥˣȻϲߣ·һ
ʲô취ܾȳĪа
ԽǣԲٷ񣬸Ӧ˲ѪɫһδγѪɫϴ½ԴϢӿѪɫϢҲ΢΢ͷš
Ȼѣˣȫ½ԴѪɫ֮У½Դںϣ
𣿡ԵúܳԾ
Ȼռ䣬ռںγɡ硯½Դؾ羫ɣʡñҲǷǿߣΨһʽ磬ǻӡ̫ӡʵۡӲ֪
̫ˣ
Ծͽ½ԴͶѪɫ֮УȻͷѪɫգϵӳ֣һѪɫʱʱ̿ȼա
֮ǰɳ½ΣȻĴǿɳ½վסţһпܾŴִ˾Ҫ޼ʿֹ֣ͷ¡
úͷǸоѹһʯ
ˡ
˼ӡĳռ䣬ͻȻճһɺɫ
ɫ̲꣬ѪħĿħ
ħΪδʱڷӡ״̬ͻȻ춯
ĽԱħоΧӵд󷨡磬ɽһظǣֻܸӦǧףֻܴ߶޼츳Ӧںϡ
ǲ߰һɽʮֹϣнӡӽ翴Ʋûκ֮
ȴڶ֮У͸һԼԼħ
ԽѪħ
ӵнѪħϢǶ֮У·ĳǿߣͷ̺Ѫħħһܹħ˭ħʿ
֮̾࣬ҲԶ֮ʿʮֺ档
һΣϢǧ֮⣬ϢͷŴ½ԴС
澪һߣϴͬʮǿߵĸԫ

ԫ
һ棬ͻһ½ţһ飬ԫˮī޼ԼΨһ½ţﲻǳѾãǲμӹһǿߡ
֮ԫйϢϤ
ȻһںѵԫĨϤϢǽѪħϢԫħʿ
ϣ㶴ڷ룬¸ԫͨҲֵܵס츳Ӧ
ҲԼԫδͷħֻǴһɫ«֮У͸Ѫ
Ѫ̺ѪϢħ
ʿҪаħѪػɣħγų⣬ǿش
ԫȴȻصպ«͸ħѪϸϸ鿴ַָԫĲһɫ


1120 ¹
ħ
ʱ׹ԭԫħʿѪħ
͸Ѫħ½ҲʿѪħﵽ޼ʵʿҲֻħ½ӵУϴ󣬴ʮа˾Żħ½
ħ½
ħ½ħħͻȻħڴսħڣս֮
ΪΣ
ʣ֮Уħ½ڸԫӡҲǿߣ
Ȼ֪дħ֣ҲŹиԫǿߡСԻش
ಣ
˭֪
ɽΧַĵӰ
ˣ뾪㵣Ϊ֮ǰΪţӵ븶ԫϢĴ½š
֮ǰ滹ǲ븶ԫʲôϵʱͻȻԫɽҲ˵Ĳ롣
˱йϵ
ǿͨӦ֮״̬ͷ£ɽǰΧ˿ͻȻɽ֮С
ٴͷںӦ
ϡڣԫƿغɫ«벻Ĵ֣Ҳóһͬ«
«໥Ӵֱ֮Ǹڡ
ûкɫ«֮δͷκħڽһϢ˹ƶħ½
Сɻħǿߣʵɣϴħ½֣Ҳ֪кĿģ
ħ½һħڣѱħ£˭Ҳ֪ħ½ʱǺεƣʤ־棬Ʒ缸ǧʢ£ͻȻ⣡
ͻȻϲԪϴ󣬸ԫʼ˵ˣȻʩչԪܱһЩ
߶ǿ״̬ȷڽϧȥһЩ϶޷
ּҪûЩ磬Ҿ˶ԻԪҲӲҵĶ䣬ʵҲ޼߽λԸ磬ҪȡԪȷЩѣ
ԫˣʲôش⡭
棬ʱȡʱ̡
ϾǶʤݣ󲻿ܾ棬һΣһλǾ͸Ʈ졣
Сǧ
ɲڴ߶˫ҲٿȻʮ
ʮִ㵣ϴʵѴﵽ컯䣬ڳ쾳߶Сǧģ
ڶʤͻƶ쾳ʵѴﵽ۷壬һЩлǣ׼ãСǧӳ츳֮ͨУ
ϣ
ģԺ
ĵµͨԪΧСǧԽƯ
һЩҲȫ֮С
ӳһֵͬĸӦ֮ͨС
ת˲䣬츳״̬֮УһԪȻһռƻҪȥȪɽ壬μƻһɣʱ۶ܸǽٴǸǿ
ƻչ˳һıܰɼƻ½ħģʲôŴִˣһǰһɭɭЦ
˿̸ԫ˵֮һҪȥ壬ղǷִǶԸߣʴǽҪ׼һʹݱۻʱ̫ע⡣

ԪոʧĴɽʧķֺ
ٴθӦԫȴٴ߶ԪȻ޷Ԫ
ǲ麹̶ʮ߶Сǧ̫ˣʧ֮һ״̬Ҳή״̬
ǹȻħ½ħǿߣʲôƻ
ǿǸУεȴڣЩ·ʵλۣ
ҪԸߣ˰ɣЩ߾ɲ޼䡢䣬Ҳʲô䣬⼸ܶԸߣ
εȼƻҪħѹƾŴִˣƷΪħ£
״̬Ϣ֮Уһ˼ζ˶Ի
ҲͼԻˣȻл̺Ʒӿܡ
ٴθӦԫ˴״̬ȻٶҲԽѰʿ
ʱʱʩչַһЩѪ󷨣
˹ȻѪħת뿪⴦ֺ
صȪأϽɵҩغָԼͨԪ񱬷
һƬȪԳԽѰʿʮٶȣڡ
ƺ֮УȻӰӹ
ãȥȥӹӵۣӰȻʵ벻½Ů
¹
¹
㣬ǶĿķɣ㲻ȥĻ֪ΪͻȻͣ¹Ƿѽ⡣
Ӱ¹Ļһ˼ȥ

Ȼ¹һ䣬һȪϷ
һǰ̺ԼƼȻڴŮУ·ذߣ棬Ҳڰ¹ǰ
ˣڶϢ·棬Ҳ̧ͷ
˲Ϣ䣬ĿȪս֯


1121 
¹һ¶˵棬˫ͫû뵽¹
һȻ
¹·ǶȵˣʮϷ
գļΪ𺳣񣺡Ϊͨ
ԷݵӲԶȴӦһȪգȻŲ˼ҲٱںϣҲ֪Ǻεع벻λµῡţ
һ¹һ࣬һͬվڰߣȪɾ
ֵŹӣһֱ빫ʶйᣡ
¹ӨӨתǿ£ʵȻĳ߶͵ȻᣬΪҲֻ컯䣬Ҳǳڣδǰ;ҴӼ͵ϣоһ½ϢǷȥ½
½Ϣ
¹˵꣬ԣȫһëںһ㣬벻¹
һ棬δʩչκϢ£ܲϢ
ֻǺεԼ̺ྪ羫
ѹľ㵣ĳʱµȷȥ½ʴͶԹйţϧֻǴҴ·Ƿ½ȥ˻ʼ½У
½ǧ꣬Ƿˮһ˽⣬뵣ʲôòδǿߵãһϯ֮أԺ½ĳطѿֱ𣡡
¹񣺡ǰףڽһٶΪʮţ
л֮ʣĿŰ¹һѩʧӰ١
֪Ժ˵ˣõ¹
Ȼ÷ǿߣȷǿϲʲô
Ůӵһ֮⣬ҲһڷԵϢһߣõԵ
ǾûʲôԾģƷŮûֺͣԳΪһǿߣ
ȷ¹ȥżʩչԪ󷨣Լ־Ȫ
ѪѪɫռҲ֮УҲںš
ԼĪһ꣡
ʵָ۷棬״̬ǳѪɫ½ԴںҲ˳ںҡ
ʱж鿴֮ǾŴ߲ٻţǰȥ壬ӦҪȥߣ
ߣ
ִǿߣҲƷվ۷ǿߣҲȥʶһϢһȥ
͸ע⸶ԫĴ֣ͨǧĺѩҲҲ࿴һ۰¹¹
벻¹ΪҲ޼䣬̫ˣӹвŮò
ڻһϢֻܶܡ
ѩŮʱǲá
ԾյѡӡӺ᳾Үʴ͡ɵȵǿҲϤ
ԼĪʱһͳͳۼţ
һʮţ
ⲻ֪δȵִˡŴ߲㵽ǺüϢ޵ʿӹ㳡ķƶ
˽Կǣԭһʮǿߣһֻһ
ڶĿ£Ҳˣ¹ӡСǸʥ½𣿡
СͷǾʥ½һǿߣһ޼Ϊǧȥظǿ⼸ǧ굹һֱ׷ѩѩδӦΪξͻȻӦ˫ޣ
Щǿߡ
һӦЩǿΪ̫䡣
һЩȥЩţһ
Ȼһ֮У뷽ѩһδӴ˸һ֮ϵо
һڸͨǧĺѩ벻ڸӹҲ¹ȥ¹
˿̹ϵԵüΪҪʣһʿǲȥύЩǿߣûйϵǿû˿ʡ
ƳֺȻƻѪ⣬ɳһƳȥ벻ѩҲԶ
ҲڱƳĥ״̬С

Ŵִ˸߲ˣǰͷȻ𡢻ƽ𡢶ճȵȾǿߡ
ڰ¹ȥּյ뽹Ծܲ뿪˵˽һ˶Դ۷׷ס
˵вŮͬʱύһӡһŮӡ
߲ʾ󣬰쳯ͽȥΪ׳ۣһЩ½ŶȪɽо̾Ϊֹ
ţߴǧɣǧǿ߻
һ߹ȻѣΪߣڱ壬ͨԪǵ־Ͷڲʱ֮Уǽȥ֮ĪҪ
֮һţһһһ˸һš
½ţŽУһʱоһʱգԼƯɽֺ
ڤڤ֮һƺضȥ波ԸӦָӦ޷뿪Ƭʱա


1122 
һƯȪأԵƺ֮У𺳵سǰ
ؿĿĵأǰʱоصȷģַǳƮ죬ΧʯϣһЩġӡǿƣƺ̲ĳ
氵пǰһЩƿռ侧ӡǰӡǣ⴦أƿƾƶȥ磡
ʮߣŴǿΧأվϷδմȾһˮ
ÿŽѽ⡣
ǿ־Ͷ⴦Ȫ֮Уɲͨأƺں϶ɣƼ̨硢ϴڣأҪţ̤أ֮ӦþͻߣֻҪ߿ۣ˵㣡
ָűȪ˶Ÿ⿴Уһ߿УͿ԰ʦʦͽϵϣץסᣡ

ŵһìɫ£֮ʼ״̬
һţȻ˵һȣŴӳȪء
գ۾ȥأ̤ȻͬˣϢʧϢںϣ
Ҳ׷׶ȥٺ
δ̤һ
żˣϴ󰡣ٶȰٶȣܰ£Ӵ˿Ʒ޼ɣЩһ䡢Ҳἷͷ£ͿȰִˣʿԣһ죡

֪˶Ļᣬԣֻնһҡҡͷ
¹Үʴ͡ԾյѡӡȵȵšǿߣԷ׷ȥء
Χֻʣһˣ
ѡߣֻǻҵǻץסλᣬԣһѡߣҪʦֻһʦ¹Ҳֻ졢ĸֵܣȥˡ
ɲǼ䣬˼ǳٴǿգһ㣬ҴǱ½Ʒ磬ǿŶŬޣŻнⷬɾͣҲȥָˣǿѵһûбûпɽûǿϴ贫ͲܳΪǿߣ
ǰ
ͷԼۼһߵ죿
ڶ࣬췱ǣǿֻ֮꣬һˣȥ֤ԼԳΪһʿ
ٿţһȥȪأҲֵת棬ԲףΪһ
𡢶ճƽЩߣҲǾ÷˼
˶ΪͷΪ޶ԣ
ϲϢһŽ··˸һ˯һ㣬ʧȥʶ֮ƮƮȻ
ȻǿԪͶݶˣܶ޼߽λǿߣ
𣿡
䲻¹
ҲǳȪأǲڲǬ
Щߣжǿ
ͷԪֻһȪؾȥ
һţǱϢǣһЩǿԪ񸲸ǡ
ԪϢԽʿҲȪƺһЩˮԪ·
Ƶţоˮһûκˮ硣
ͻȻһߣʱ֮УȻһߣһʯϡ
ȻԽԽǻվƯֻֻ
ߣ
Ʒǿִ˵ϹŶ
öǿߡκһ𣬶ųԽɳ½ĴƣԪߣ޼ҲǾ
һʵҲԪ񣬵ȻԪϣ̺ΪһЩ̺̺ǿ־һڡ
ǳֳԪӦǱ״̬帽
ɨһǿߣеĿ޷òûһͨڣȻЩߣҲڴգ˫ۡ
ٿЩţǽԴһԪͷ״ֻ̬ϧԪΪһǰСڴԣκϢԱա
ˣЩͷ־ȪؿռĪ鿴һţͬѡӣ
ƷԪ񷨱ȻһνЦݣ޹أǶԣܵõ߿УΪʦҵҶԣЩֻ泬꣬Ǹ꣬һǧ꣬Ҳվָ߶ȣԽǣ
˻ȥƷˣЦ㲻֪ߵغ񣬿Ƕ֪ӵвѪǿовǿ꣬зʵ
ԴŲɣ
ˣ
һЩԪ񣬶Ȼƿǰγɴ֮ƣһ⣬һӿȥ
Ԫ󷽿ȥЩţԱһ⸲ǣִ֮Ȫһơ
ˣЩ߱Ȫͬռ䣡ӦܿϤԴ


1123 ̫
ԭ߱Ȫأ
ϧ޷͸Ȫش磬ҲЩڿռ䡣
ʱּˮīЩһâǣͨǧĺѩҲâȪ
ǰЩ־Ҳһʧʧ֮ʣҲвط֮ա
ԼĪ󣬲һߣ
Ҳֻһǰ𡢶ճƽǿߣ׷Ŀ
ͷ磬ΪΣһ߹Ȼʡ
һֱˣԲУһǿߣʵԡ
ಣ
ɴ˼һӰ̬ǰ
һ׷ߣһֻʣƤǣ·һֻ̤ײģ
ֻǳʱһ˿ͻ֣߳úһ澹ȻҲδߴڡ
һߣ·ȹ£ӡֱ˰̣һЩߣ·Զ޷ʧЩۼܸܵߣһٴĥѣߵ졣
һ֣ûһϢȻںΪһ壬ôС
ϢͨӦߣͻȻջ񣺡һЩ½ԴҲ½Դ
ߴˣ
Щ߲㣬ǾŴִˣ׷׸Ͻǧ
Ҳжˣôˣ
͸Ųɣ˻֮д壺һߣѡӣҲ֣ھʣһţȻԵҵ꣡
˵꣬ǷĿ⣬ȴ˲串棬컯ʿоһ
𹧾ִǿ֮һҲǿ޵Ԫ֮һһţжԾŴһţûˣõϿУ
Щ˵ȷųڣмԪϳˣΨжһЩ߳Χһס
ճǰˣʣ»ʼ½ʿͷ磬ҪѡΪӣ
ƽȻ棺㣬Ǽͷһ֮Уˡֻзһˣ
ϧôţûˣܵõ˴ҵһ帣ź
ͷ磿
쿴棺һҪӣԼִ໹Ҫá
ǣǣճͻȻ˿
Ҳɡ
˼λǰ
û뵽ǣһھߣƷ߲ǿߣ浱ǣڴʱҡͷһ˶ϰˣʦ𣬲ٰ£лλǰķ񣡡
ˣ
ƽд㵡
ҲԼǲǴˣ
Ӧã߹£ȻϽûʦ
浱ڱȭڣ
ˣ㿴ǰ΢΢
ͻȻǰƲԷ֮￪¶˫Ƥ˫ۣ̫أʺҵ
ϧˣΪеź
ٵ˺øԶ߲٣ϲ̫أխδ˴ҵɲӣ
һΡȻͷ磬ȻԼֲΪӣǾͲΪȥѰһߣ⴦Ȫأᣡ
֮һָһͨҲࡣ
ɨߣִ˿޵Ԫϣ־֮
Ҫܶ·ȥߣܳΪƷδ֧
ǣ
ҲһۣȻʧȻ̾Ϣ
ֻи͵ķݡ
һȥճԱߣҺÿ޵Ԫδѡͷ磬Ϊѩޣ
Ȼôţδõ߿Уڼͷǰһˣǣϧ˴ӣԣøԶԳţջΪλᣬԼ֣һǿػȪϷ

һ̤âͨ벻ǰһߣһüƷʯɵһ̨
̨ҲһأˮҪ漸
ʤݿһݴ̨ϴ裬һԽо޼ޡţ֡ѪԨһͬ
ԣִˮ벻ˮȻѩһڻ
òڻ֮ͻΪҺƤ֮Уӿȫɲһӯо
һԾأУȫë׷·һεαϢ͸֮С
ֽ󲿷·ѵȫˮУƤܿʣпҲкɫҺ壬ڶɽռǻ
׼ã
޼ڣ
Ԫռ䣬桢ţ֣ѪԨʮ޼֣Լʮ쾳ǿߣ׷ڸԷӡռ䣬ӭ롣
ЩѹѪԨѸΪЧʲô᳾ӡͱ滯⣬Ȼٿ᳾ɫ


1124 
ѪԨ棬Ȼ޼һ䣬걻ѹǧ꣬ǱѹѪԨʵֻдﵽָ߶ȣ̺ѪӵʵҲΪ档
ϧ᳾УΪħͷ᳾Ϊ˳УѪԨģ޲ý᳾Ƥ
ٿ棬鵤ҩѪָ˰ϴѪԨʵڼʱ䣬ڽ
̫ء
أϢڲ֮УȫѪȼš
ѪҲᣬӳ£ѪҲԽ̡
Ȼ뵽Ǹߡ
Ҳ֪Ϊ޵
̫أʺӣ
·ԪԺصͣ
ҵգߡмһЦϧôһߣҲ
̣
ȫϴ֮£ԽӿѹƣΧǾŴִ˸֡
ÿһ֮Уʱʱ̿̽ܶʤݺؾϴ裬Ѫᣬһδ飬Ҳͬʿϴ裬ѪһδУ̺ӸĪ⡣
컯䣬ʩչһѪҲ޼ʵһѪԻΪһͻܿһ޼һǿߡ
ǧǧѪһԴ߶ûӵǧǧ̺޼һǿ
еʵѪһľѪҲͷŷӳ
Ѫ
кܳһʱ䣬δʩչѪѪγɷҲܶ룬ΪͻѪ̬
ѪӵгԽԪ󷨡Ѫ󷨿ֲ
زǧѪѪҲᣬѪȼ֮УһѪɫռ䣬Ϊ޾
ٿ˲̬ռѪɫҲȫںϡ
֪ѪɫʩչǺεһĻ
ؿռҲԽ䣬йĵ£أϹŶҪɱԪҲǰף
ϣڲǬȾǳ̺Ԫںγӵ
ʿͨأ֮ӵǳ֮Ѱó֮أ֮
ǰ֪ʶֻһ澳磬ĳһͨ
񾭹컯ŴУ̤쾳ԭͨǰ򵥡
õϣһرͬʿʮϣɾ͡
ңǱ½һ·ίʵף
ȪغƷ˷½Ȼֻȥ½ʼ½ɳ½캣Լʤݣȴûһ½ӵжʤؾ
Ȫϴ裬Ҳ֮ںɫ½Դʯס޼⽣ȵط
̫ǿˣһ꣬·𾭹Ȫϴ裬һδﵽ쾳塣
Ϊֽһ־ַⷽ档
Ҳڷ־Сǧ޼ǾԼѪħȻŽҲҪʱʱ̿ա
мͨΪһʹһҾӵһһ󷨣


֣ϣһʱ˺ͣ״ɱϹŶ
޼ռڣ桢ţֶڲѪԨҲﵽ۷壬һ뿪޼ͻһ硣
ˣ
һȥ
ȪУֻʣһꡣ
ȫϴ衢Сں״̬£һϤϤʵĶ˲͸
ڲһԭǷһ̣Ȼ˸⣬ǳӾ˵ǣЩγɺŽǡָ桢׵硢ΡΡ̬ΪΡ
ֲ̬Ƿ˵һǷ
󺧣ĪǷɱ䣿
ǷһѣͬͬвͬԼ֮ǰֻǷ൮񾭹ںϡϴ裬ںϣڿʼѣζ˲֮󣬾ܼԦ࣬ʩչͨ
Ҳ֪μԦ࣡
ܼ򵥣˱ȥ̫ӣСǧǰ㣬ֻҪȥںϡĥںϣһշ࣬ҷпռһԴںϿʼУ
Ҳԣ򷨲ڣ
ⷬéٿ
αȥǰ鷳
ʱһ˳Ȼ˵鷳ӭж⡣
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ڷ磬·زѪ硣
Ѫɫ಻ͬȻѪɫûѪһǳɵĶռ䡣


1125 ӵĲ
ãܸо֮پԼȫһЩӿ
ڷΧڲ֮УƯŲٺŽǡͻȵ̬
ƺúϤףŷֳڷЩ̬ͨ
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շһЩܡ
ЦЦ״̬ɣٱշ࣬⡣
ﵽס״̬ԽӦ֮У̺̬ͨЩǷ
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֮󣬿ʼúѡ
һ򱾾ޣաԦ࣬Ҳ뷨ںϡ
ֻһδγԡ
ٴ֮淴ԦԼֻġ
ڷ࣬δǰӿ棬ȻޣǷҲʼϢںϡ
ʱ֮ЩŽǡͻ򽡢ԽԣҲһЩ󲿷ֶޡ
֮֮лȻ򣺡ηѪһЩ֮
ѪһֻѪԷѪͲһˣֻǿԦĳ̶ϣѪ˸ѪԶȥ
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أ
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仹ʮÿŵģͷɵȥˡ


1126 
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Խ壬ǹϢԽڽѪħϢҲ΢΢ͷš
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ôڽѪħжΨһһԭ򣬾Ȫɽĳطһħͷš
мŵ塣
ħԽԽӺ壺ƺħҲ塭
˵ˣ·ΣˣѺŶǿߣָҲħǿߣĳѺ·ħǿߣϢ˸Ӧ
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ǵ֮Ľ磬·ɽ
˼ͻȻͶųĻһâ֮绯Ϊٲǰ֮
һǧɸ߽Ż֣֮һƷڽŻ֮УȪĸģʯϷ롣
ƷϷһڹžϷ⡣
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ڰϷǵ֮ǰִ߾ʱδ˿춯һʱȻ


1127 
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ͻȻһ㣬·΢΢
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ˣ
ƺѹΧһЩӰ
ЩӰ־֣ɫ

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κһţһͷˮ֪ʲô
ϼ⸲ǰţڶϢһϷŻ档
ôϼ֮е棬Ȼо񣬷·ҪԼ
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һ֮ƾ졣
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룬ɭȻΧһߣΧӡȪɽټż֮أռ䣬Ŷأ
ÿһһͬӡʼݴ
ܣǸͷ硢ôǸӵ޼ǰӽѪȷ棿
֮ǧʿҲʼɧ˼֡


1128 췭ض
ӽסӽ֮У㺹죬Ƕˡ
ȷһڶʤը죬Ʒ硭
Ҳݣֻʧɫѩڻħǿ߲У޼ʿ޼ҲˣִͰҲ벻һĻҪƳˣŴԼִˣǿߣȪɽ׷ɱЩˣ
ͷ硢桭
ãͷ棬Ǹ֮ǰ޼£Ҳֻһͨʿͷ컯޼ȻŲմ˶㲻
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һƲ㣡
ԭ棬ջʼ½棬ڶʤټ
һλߵŮӣһӣʱһʥ½ǿһ

֣ʶ棿ֶעǲʯš
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ħ磬ɱȪɽʣ·ҪżɱһƬħ񷡣
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ħΧһִߡŴǿߴħУٴξ£
ӵһ㣬ֵ񷣺ħƲҪ飬ɱȪɽ޴磬ɱħͷħʴƬݺ

һٶǿȱԶ޼Ϊϣ
Χǿؽ磬һǿߵ˳һڿڵ⽣Ӱƾžžžɱħ֮ϡ
Ϸħγѹڶ֣Ҫ׽ħڲա
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ħͷ֮ʣ·ǧ׽ڣħԴͷ֮ԫֲϴ߶մʬ壬ħԽ


1129 
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䣡
Ǽɱ޼ӡգ·Ƹոޣɱڽϡ
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1130 
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ΣǾһռ䣬֮ѰռδеȻ
һϤ·Ҳֿռ䡣
ϴ󣬲ǿϢˣͻȻ档
ӦһɱҲա
ˮīҲȥԼκӰƯǴ״̬·ڴ
Ҳƺڳ˯
ˮīٿȻץƺִ˿ߣ
أ뿪ʵɲ⣬ҼȻΣ÷ֿжҪҵЩǿλã
㻹޼ߣɱЩУʧȥ޼޼ʿ޷֮գˮī޹ϵͷһ仰㳯Զշȥ
Ȼ
߲δ׷ȥҲûżҪֵ˼
ȴϢͻȻȭ֣ȥ
꣬ǿػΣǵһ˴һǳ޼֮ˡ
Ҳ˵ˣҲ쿪ۣһϡߣ縯֮࣬ȴһЩӿ
Ǻǿ󡭡
Ȼ
澹ͷ֮һͷ·ȥ
а֮Ȼ޳΢΢һŭһŲһ׷ȥ
һȴƴں󷽡

֮ԾʱգΧָྪʯ֮븡ռĦԽٶֻѰȻ״̬һ룬ںڰռ䣬Ϊٶ븡Ħȼճ档
ܲˣ
Ȼ˦ߣ
Ȼգۣ߾ֳں󷽰ף֮дƮݣƺƬռӰ졣
ϤζϤĳ
׷ˣ
һƳ֮аһ裬ΧָƯʯϸԽԵԺ뵽Ǳ½ǵعһĻĻ
õԪꪣֵõδ½Դɱüħ
ڵѪںϴǱ½䲻龳ȴܻɱ龳ǿߡ
οռ䣬о˸
ȪɽǶʤݵһż֮أ⴦ռ䣬ĳЩѰ֮ԽԨӦҲܵӰ졣
һҲżһˣ׷ɱڵȴʱ
Ҳܵٴα˵͹ζԷ·Ϸ
â
˭֪
Ҳ֪Ǻ磬Ȼ͸⻪
⻪ԽǿңЩֺۣܿޱ޼ʹ⻪磬ʱٴۣΪ·оһããʱա
漱æˣƺȪɽԨɽ·ǻɫʱգƺͻȻʧˣóɫʱվһʱգƾڣ


1131 ´
Ҳ𺳣ӡҲԽʹѪħϢҲǣǴ·ɫʱԨ˵ˣɫ˾ղʱգ
㻹ȥģΣ
Ϸּʱ׷ģ͸ɱ⣺·ڣҲҶʤһżʱգϧʵҪȥɲףڴˣ㽫ѹǻϳ޼
ಡ
ɲ߽֣ٱ½Դ벻ٶȶȻӿһ
ȻֶΣ˵㿿򣬾Ͳ̤벽΢΢һίʵ벻˸ռ䣬ٶȻܴﵽز
Ȼͷųһ
ٶȣɱɫʱգͻǰڤڤ赲
ݣ
ǰȻһ⻪
߾̼֮ʹӺ󷽳Խ档
ͣ
ָһ㣬һƬâΪһŴͻأس
ſ޷ܣɴ˫ۣɱȼն𣬲ȼ۽һ棬Χ˳
䣡
һҧҽ棬ҽ濪ʼմǴʵ÷ķ֮£δΪҽ
֨֨֨
Կ֮УһδӷնԱѹƣֻһ˿˿ӷ֮У䣬磬Ҵܡ
Ʈްû֣ɱ˼ֻ©ȻҲںһ𣬻ں˳̶ȣȷǸţϧаţʵ޼߶ȣҲ޷෨
ʵҲ޼䣬޷ԴֻĬϡ
ССʿΪѪȷ磬¶Ϊأû㣬ִ˾ۼ¶پǿߣ
ƥҲͱ泤ˣҲ꣬겻˵꣬꣬Ҳһҽ£
ƿСνѹ
߷·ܵƣ
ڲдֳָǷץȥ
žžž
ʱڲϣҽѹҽΧʼһ顢Ϩ
ۣ
һ֮е棬ҲҪΪֻ״̬ѹѪ
ܵشһЩҲȲƤڶ롣
̫ǿˣѹѹ𣬶òڷ֮²
ಣ
֮УͻȻֲơ
ֻΪһȻЩûӡ
ž
ͣ
ѹȣһδܵشƤ˺ѣѿðѪ
ʱӡǷǳѣ̶̲ʮϢ뷨Կ䣬ھƣҲٴش״̬
ˣԷΪﵽ޼䣬ٱʵȫ֣
ƷǿߣȻ޴󡭡ʵִ˿ߡ
뵽ߣһ̫أǸӶ߸ϵ̬Ѫ֮жǳ徢ʵ߽֡
У
ǳʵ
ΧǷγɵγɣҲưӣҪ
޼
ԽӡֿѪ
漸ѹʵ
˼̯һĨ޶⣬ǰǣ䱬
䡭
һ𵴣㽫ѹ𿪣һδϱ䣬޼Χ
˼Ҳ̵ţϷҲ֮飬Ѿ޷ֹ޼ơ
ǰľ
ΪҲӳ麹ǰվ˷Ȼ棬˼飬˼飬챦ӦùУ
ִˣҪⱦ֮£ѪܵЦţٴη
¡
޼ڲͻȻ˳תΧǿһǿ飬ΪƬ˷ʸȥ
ʸƬƾֻ𣬴ǰ
Χռ·ȻɣȻ㽫ֻ𣬺ķѣ
޼Ʒǿ󷨱֮һ಻һ컯ܽ޶ʩչ˳̶ȣ
Ƿ飬ڴŭһ
һʧԭأ
أ
鷨޼ɸߣҲ·ӳ
û뵽ǣÿ߾ͷĿ޼ɱ棬һ޼
ȥ·һƣҪѹ޼
պգ֮ȫֲΪϸ߽λȫѹ޼
䣡
Ｋط
Խʵǿʩչ߽ϷҪ޼ѹơ
޼֮󣬵ȷܵһЩӰ죬Ͼ޼Ǿ£
淢޼ȻһֻϷǿһ߰ˣ˲ʧȥƽ⣬ҲѪģ
ۣ
ɰףסΣ̲סһѪ
һ֮еߣӺڰ֣֮α޼Ͼ̫죬Ŵӵ⣬ƷҼ


1132 ߲׷ɱ
ߣҵ̾
߲ƣ΢΢ֱۣұѪѣŭ֮ɫ档
޼ƯģͻȻִ߶֮·ɫռȥ
ܸ᣿
Ҳƣٶȡ֮ǰǰֲ䲻Χռ䡣
һ磬³һ⡣
棬ɢ֮ʾһâ

½ԴٶȻ
ɵʩչֶΣмԼȫ羫ô½Դںϡ
Χ֮õӳ֣ۿס֮һӳƬգȥ
ٶһҷ·ܿƿռСӲӵ޼ֶҲǳ죡
߱Ϊһ԰ٷְٴ档
ˣ
Ȼǿ󣬵ٶȡӦ֮ǰȻͬ£֮ߡ
ͣ
ŭˣԸٲƣ̤һЩʯ֮ƣ
ÿһףٶԽԽ죬ԳԽ棬ӲüϢ׷ϡ
⣬ԽǿȻ͸ӾˣȻ滹Ϊ˳ȥɫռ䡣
֪ΧĦ̷ջ𻨣·ڰռ䣬ΪУ׼ȥ
Ϸн硭
ɫ򣬼·ʱЩɫâһɫ硣
޴ޱȵظŻɫӿʱЩɫдۡ
ûۣ˾޴󷨣ԣֻ¡Լͨܳĵۡ
ˣϷ磬Ȼʮ꣬Ȼ£ǿ߼ӹ磬ڽϵͨ־ҲػΪۣںϣ
ʱ˵Ҽпܣγɵۣôɲǵǰ򵥣̺Կʩչơ
渡־ʮꡭŴִ˹Ȼֶθռ䣬һ磡
ϾŴִ˴ƷȻܿһ򣬶Ǿƿأ
Ǳ½޼µ޼磬ҲһСС䱻磬⴦ʵС׼ף
Ӵ٣
Ǳ½ʼ޼磬õڽİϣֵõ޼ӵԪ󷨣һ
ϴ󣬱濿ǵ磬һǿǿʿأ漱æ
𣿡
ȫǼƤϷҲͰˣ벻Ľ磬ǿߡ
̼䣬·޴ɫ֮Уֳһߣ󷽻мӰ
ҲֻʵֳһѮߣִͬ˴磬Ϣ΢΢ͷţǽںϡ
һͣȻٿ·øԨֻܱȸı䷽ҲߣΪ͸Ϥζ
֣׷Ŀߣӽֵ߱ȭ

뵽ʲôԺ賤ӰӣٴںϸӦʱ򣺡ԭϢ賤ƣ裬Ӧ賤һˣ
ȻֽأϤϢ
Ʒܴ󣬵һ̱̫С賤йϵ
һ䣺λģ컯Ϊ˵أȻ
ಣ
߲ƣ׷ҷװա
ŴƯʯٶίʵˡ
Ͼϣһں·ȥо·һ޵Ԩ硣
ƣ
ȼɱԨٶһ
ˡƷԶһӺֱ
ͻ
䣡
һƯʯһǿצץۼһɽʯ鸡
漱æѣϴ󣬵ģ
תһƳ˾޴ʯ׹ҲĲɱһâ
âɱ޼֣ʵȻ޷ɽΨзԿ⡣
¡һ˵ʱʱ죬ǰʯ޼ѹ޼һЩϢ顣
ͬǾɽΧԼɽ屾Ҳڿʼ߽⣡
ƣ
һɽɱ
οɲƯʯͨγһɽ
޼̫ˡϽ޼·ʱҲ޷ٴߡ
ͨɽɱ޼Ϸ飬ͨɽʼ飬ѹƬҲ޼·棬ͬһȭȭ
һˣ
Ϊβȷ棬ɱľ֧˼ţ޼֮бЦ
ʱǵƣ֪ҵֶΣػǿߣǵȾͷܿɱ
ʱףչǿʵʱ˻ȴᡣ
ߴʱʩչʵȫѹ棬޼ҲԱǶʤаħֻбɱˣ


1133 
ǿ޼ɱΧڰռȻܵӰ죬ʧȥƽ⣬γɷ籩籩
ȼ籩Ͻ̤޼籩֮С
߼գʱ״һɱ֮һϳֿ°âơ
Ʊ£Ҳ׷ɱ籩֮УһҲһž籩֮С
ˣɱˣ
籩֮Ǹʯ飬پҪ
󷽲ԶҲɱˣ
̡
ӴǹӡͻȻӾ磬ڷӡǽѪħħҲڿʼ
ע·ǸԨɫʪƯںһԨ硣
ݣ
ˣ
һƽͻȻϮ
沢δӦ漰ʱѡ

޼ں󷽣һݺݻ޼ִ̫٣޼δͷ
ײ̫ͣ޼³˳ƻ棬һһһͬ׹·
׷޼Ʒ֣СӣβҲʣ°
һ߾㵳·һָ⣬㿴·ǡ
뾡ȫ棬֪ᱻδһǣУ޼ҲʧУ
˻ˣԦһгԨ׷ɱ档
߶Ի޲ӦһЩʵ
ָʱգӴʱղͬȻԼʱ˶γɵеĺͨͨ籩״̬Ȼе쳣ֲκǿ߶ܱɱ
Ϊ󣺡ҲдСеľ޴ޱߣһ룬ֻʧһ³У˵뿪⴦ϾǶʤݣ⴦½
ҡҡͷȻҿɲӣҪӳȥǱ֮УΣȻͲ뿪
ݣ
֮ǽɱӺͻأǶ
ڴﵽƷĵΧ籩Լʯκʣ籩Ҳп

޼ӱϷסڵһ
Ȼ޷޼޷ѹھγײȴ
һžը죬ɲͻƣöѪ⡢顣
Ƥ֮£Ĥ֮еѪ
ѪǱڵģʱԵ˺ƤɱѪ
ѪŴ󲿷Ѫڵ֮£ʼ˺ѡ顣
֮Ҳܱ漰ʱƣΪѪ
Ѫ飬ҲƻѪжȥ󲿷ֵʣһ޼ɵɱѪѪ⡢϶֮С
һ˿Ѫתߣ꣬ǵһα˻Ѫ
ˣʵ̫࣬еǸϤƬռûһ˿ƣ޼Ҳᱻǿ
ѵ
ڵɱٶҲͬʱ֮УһʱʯŸַ籩ɱ޼֮Уײƹƹңࡣ
ײ֮£֪֮ڼ޷У޼ܵγײҲɱ
ҲŭĿδ֮Уֹͣ׷ɱٴɱǾ£ڵ䱻Ӱһ֣ɱ޼³
һֱѪѪᣬֲԼǿ߹ƣһδ顣
Ѫʣʱʱ̿ѪûѪƴʱѻ
ѪҲǳ׳ۡ
ѪǻΡΡ̬κһ飬Ѫɫбը飡
ڣס
飬ڸӦ̫𺳣Ӳ˼ǣ֮ƬֺܿѪ

ռ䣬޼ʱʱ̱̿ʣ籩û֮Ʊ
ͻȻӵ֮УžϲϴҲܵӰ죬
ȻͷһǴʣԼ籩֮УѿʱգƺһĿ³
֮УŲڣٶȡơҲԱӰ죬飡
޼ѪһδαܵشҲû֮ΣֻҪȥ˦ǣ
е˵£ȫ泩
Ϊ޼̶޼ǿ߲࣬Ѫһ״̬߲֮࣬ʱ
ˡƺʲô֡

ʱ챻ûĿΧһƬ
ǰ߹ͬԦƣΧһʮҲͨ


1134 ʮ׷ɱ
һƬƵسѹΧҲ޷ûʮʵﵽǰδи߶ȣƺҲ޷ѹ
겻ɢֻܰʮߡıû
дִּߣޣʵǿ󣬱˵𣬳һ漣ִڣڳʮǷҪõе޼
ô죿ֵĲѡ
һϣҲӲߣʱҲû·Ǿͷһɣֵ󣡡
ʲô취
ʱѴɽˮزԶԿʮɱΨһѡǾǼ֡
һ㣬ϷƬʮ߿ѹʮ߽ӡΧʱΪһ硣
λڽ֮ʮ֣֮ǰصߣХ棬ܽǲɱ㣬ֻȡ޼
濴Ϸֲ磬濹ǾͱֺСĻңЩžͷƴһƴ
ɱ
ʮ߷ŭˣ
оŴͷֽӡ״̬֮ǰ˿ߣһ˽ɱһƬƬӡ
ͻͻͻ
һΪ޴ľ£߽ӡŽ⻪ĳһɽֿͨ籩ʣϷΪĿ꣬ɱ
ಣ
£
ҲδǾ¿ơ飡
߶״̬Ԧ޼ͬʱȥ
Ǳű֮ҵȿ⣬Ǽʱп޷סӣ
Ϸ֮У߲òжѶԸ
뱧Ǹ֮ħǿҲͷۣ󲿷־ԶԸЩħǿߣǼȻȡ޼һҪ˱ãһߵһЦ
䣡
ڣ
ְ㣬ǾһֱѹʣԼΧ俪
ҲƴǧԨǱ»У޼˲ͱûˡ
ϷԸٶ׷ɱʮȿֺɲ汻ߡ
ûһУڿռ֮޼ɵȼա
ಣ
޼·һ׹䣬Ȼڱ·
Ȼû£أ
ûһõģѪ״̬ҲѪ·һĺ꣬û˿˿
ɣʮּԦ磬ԽըŶ׷ɱ
ˣҳ㣡޼˵
һܼ֣Ȼȫ鲻٣ܼסϾѪߣ֮£Ҳܿ
ɲ̫æ
ͻȻ·Ԩϯȥ
˳ͻȻ¶ģһͷ֮С
̤ǿΧ޼һδκС
˼ʣҲԾ޼֮У¾ͺˣ뷨ڣܵش١
޼˳ǸڰԨʮּգһ߷ҡ
ƶҲδֳ
СӲҪҲ˼Ҫȡ޼
˿߷߷ߺ
һߣͻȻҲһڱ
ԭȻ޼ǰֲҲһڵʮҲһ뱦ӣڱ֮ڣҲһͷ
쿴ΣҪʮߣֳһˡʮʧǱ֣ҲǴΪ⡣
ߣһͬڲӿϷһƷǱ޼
ƷǿҲ㹻ԸЩһʱҲ޷ڱ
˼š
ܣֻ·һ
ҪΨг˦ǻɱʮߣ
ʱ˿̣֮У˳໥׷Ҷ㡣
޼ȻҲ޷ȫ߶Ŀǰܹ߶漣
෴ʮִ߶Ʒܴ߶۷״̬ٶȵĻʮռϷ硣
ִԣ޼Ǹ߼ɿסȻиΪȫ
ԷƷܵӰ죬ҲʮܵӰ죬һȣ˫Դһ״̬
治֪Ȫɽڲ⴦ռ䣬ж嫡
һʱ
һʱɲȻռ䣬һ¿ռ֮У滹δ⴦ռж
ҲԵʣȥδ޼ȥδʮˡ
Ʒ֮Уʮ߾ȻҲ¶԰ס
Ȼķǳˡ
˿ְԵɨˣλȥҵģԹƣ׽£
˽Եͷͬ⣬ȻˣŽӡ֮˫ַֿһڿڵӵӣݳ·֮޼ɱȥ
ǾſڴﵽƷƷĵ
ſڵƿɱʲؽٲһ·Զźڰ£ɱԶ

овϮ֮е޼ǿ϶ֻ¶𺳣


1135 
ݣ
ſڵһɱ޼Ϸ
ЩЩںϣﵽ״̬ˡСһ඼ŵòᡣ
Ҳǵһμ߷˿ֲ״̬
أ
һڵն޼ϡ
涼޷޼ܵƣΪٶⷽ棬޼ɽ
أ
޼ոһƣѹ޼ٶܵӰ죬ڲܵش
ȻڶڡڡĿڵɱ޼޼ⶼ·Ҫͬʱʧ
ۣ
Ҳ޼޷ȫѹƣγɳ֮޼ڲ
Ҫ޼ߣ޼ҲһһڿѪ
ˣ
ͷűΧΪһƬ
꣡
֪޷赲ɱ͸Ľ֮Ҳ޼ںߣӰ첻̫
ոջָһЩƤһ˺ѣ·Ƥȡʹ״̬

ſڵǹһΣֹͣ޼ٶȱӰ죬Ʒ׷ɱڲŴּǿƾſڵ޼ַࡣ
Ѫ۲٣һοʼž飬Դһδαش״̬
Ҳú֣״̬£ţҲֻбһ³
Լţ
ಣ
޼ͻȻĳֲֿ·ʧһ׹롣
ԭһ쳣޴·ؾ𣬽޼ʮֱһȥ
ã˴ǵһγ֣
֮УʮΧֲ纣ǰǾţͿʼֿ־塣
ſڵҲ޷ƣ˾£ʮ˱ܵȻڲʮҲܵش

һѿ챻ͷĿѣ޷Ʊ
ͻȻٶȼӿ죬·ٴʧء
˿̣ʮǿǰ޼ֿΧȻһƬɫʱգһ棡
⴦ûҲûиƯʣʯ̣Ƕ⴦ط֮С
ûСӻڣ
ʮעȻڷ棬޼
ÿһԾգץһڿڵ
Ȼ޼ȴûʧҲδ뿪У
ͣһ߲Ӱ޼Χסǲӱڰעű
벻ӣʮǱ崦Ѫ״ֺ̬ǺǳЦǻһ蹷б¾ʹ޼Сүˣ
صߣȻһЦ޼޷飬޷߶ֻҪǼȥᱻ
ЦøӷҲԸ棬Ҳ뱻ɱ
ѱش˵õ޼Чģһ߰Եߡ
ݣ
ʮͬʱ

һڿڵ˲Ϣ޼κһι
޼ȷǵܻģڲ棬Կһܵش
ȻǸֽϻþڻǵ֮಻̫죬п¶⡣
һʮڵƸӰԵһһϵع޼
ˣȥȻܾˣճԿĻ㣡桢Χ
һδβܿƣ飬Ҳǳܡ
ҾҪǣĲʱ򣬾ɱȥʱԭҲд㡣
ԴУ޼ǾֿԻ壬ʮ߲ܻ޼
ǷҪһδδ߶ȫ߶Ȼأʱ桢ţɱȥʤ޷϶ˡ
̲סˡȥһδ飬Ѫ飬ʱҪָܻ˵ȥҲ޷еùش
λΨһᣬҿǣǱʵɱȥɱǣҲܻʱǰңֻжܵشһ³ǳ֣ҲƵʮߣʩչΪֲĹƣʱ˵Ҫɥڴˣ
ȻˣǾ˵ģ
޷ֵĻҪһʱǣ
һһңű󷨣ػΧ
ݣ
أ
ſڵɵ޼Χӥʳ޼ʳ
޼Źһδκɱ£޼Ȼ𣬵ʮǰƤԼһ붼˺ѳѪˮ
ӵ̫ǿ־ǿߣҲ澳£侲ʯ
칥
ʮˣһѪɫҲڼ
Ǳ侲֡𺳣⻹һ컯
Ҳܾʮ߹Ҳ٣ǹƵʣˣ޼ڲ棬Ȼ޷ݵش
Ǵ֣
ػԪ񣺡ˣЩŻвһ룬ֻҪټһЩĴ룬ʱʵҲܷӳɣ޼䡢䣡


1136 ɽˮ
ѵ˫ۣһڳ֮С
ټһᡭЩ˯ȥ
ڿں޼Կʮڵƣ
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ǣѪԨش
֮ܿʮɰӿѪԨʮ޼ʿʱԵñȿ߻Ҫǿ
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ϧһгԤϣʱ˿̣һ߱Զ·鲻Ѻۡ
޼ίʵǿ
ƻƬطռ䣬Ҳô֮С
ʮߣе棬ʹԵĻܴ߶޼
ܴ߶޼Ϊβʹ߷
߽뷨Ļǽ濴һ컯ʿʴ˲ų˴
޼αѪԨƻɼһߡ
ֵˣѪԨѱգһ޷֡
Χڷ˳֮У޼е棬۵üһ仰Ҳо
ٺ٣Ҫúʰǣ
ţԾԾԣ֮ȳ޼
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һβɱæţͻأ֣˫ͫںҹ֮зգħɷ͵سΧͷš
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Ծ캣ţ֣ƺ𸣵ѹΪλҶʤݵһż
һ߼ʶ㲩˲ϳ޹
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ʮֱϾǿߣʲôû
ÿѪͬʱץΧһӰƿռ䣬γɾ˰¹ơ
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벻ţֶԸʮߣҲռϷ磬겻ѣҪ֪ǰУţֿݺµľ޹֡
ʱػԪ񣺡ϾΪԴﵽ޼䣬ţʵҲ޼֮䣬۷ʵЩԦֲͨؼڶ࣬ţȻռƣ
ִˡǰһĻоҪȪɽĪажѡ
䣡
ţʮɱ֮ʣͻȻը
ԭǺҲ͵Ϯɹţɱʮһֲ
ʮּæһЩǰһ޹֣Լޣ
桢ҲϾ޴󻯣棬޴̶ȸӳţ֡
ٻĴ½һ壡
ͷ֣ӴΪǶʤûκμ¼
ٴα޾š
֮ʮ߻һ˼ע޼ȻΨһںĴڡ
žž
ţֺȻһƣʮ֣
ֿжʮ˶ܼ䣬˴ͷŸӦ
ֻţһƣͽʮڷĳһʮҲƾƷ
Ȼţǿ̶ȣҲ̫ţһĻܿǿţֵ֣˭ţֶ֣
Ѫ޷ڵһʱָ١
޼ڣڵõϢᣬ޹ֶԸʮ֣Ȼġ
ԭǰֶΣҲ޷߷
ѪǰÿһˣκˣѪ飬󲿷ֶˣ޷߶Ѫ
ҲܵӰ죬γЩռ侧ӡ󲿷Ҳϡ
н䣬ȻŲ϶ģྭˣѱֳƬѪԼϵѪΪһ⡣
ܻ漣״̬ǿͨԪҲģϾԪҪһգҲ״̬
˵һһ˵˳ףѪʱҲʧȥǰ
ǣǸˣһߣž͵ڵ


1137 Ϲɱ
з칦Σ⽣ǿ˹޷߶ʲôã
޼ʱңǿһչ޼ƣ޼飬Ƿˣ޼ܵĹƣһҲתƵϣ
з칦ȴʱֻҡͷЦоԼѹ·޷ڡ
ӵһзΣ
ǿֹؼزҲ𲻵˿á
οˣģֿʮߣڷԶȥ֮ϣǷȻǿҪһ̣
ˣСģǷֱ𱻿߲סƹⷽҪԸ㣡
Զһ̲סٴһѪ
ҲʱࣺɱˣҲԱԪ𣬶ɵҩԴѪָ
ʵͿʼøԴҲûô
״̬һɺ֮£Ѿʧȥˮ֡Ļݣɵҩ񻨲ͻȻӭȪˮ࣬ȫˮҲ޷ն٣
ɶٵҩʧȥ޷ȥںϵҩѪ޷նٵҩ
ܻڣѪĲ
߹ȻɱˣɷҲԵúǱ޼ߣСѱپֻҪֹһ󣬱ȻУ
һ컯Ƶ˲ɱӣԺڿ޵㣿
һҲѪģѪһѪ
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ˣԴУ޼һʱ䣬ڵɱ¡¡
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ٿ棬Ҳǿ߲סٶƣȻǿ˵ͬҲ˵ǿߡ
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Ҳһʱ֮ţ־ܻɱǿߣӶϹһ֮
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ƺһжԣüžδ˾ܹԼܹ޼ԼⲿһУ
ѵĸо

·ڰ֮У챻ûͻȻһŮϤǳ¶
䣡
ⲿ
Ϸͻأһ͵ϮɹҲǳԵɱƴϡ
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ǧҪѪס֣Ϲһ£ٻЩƽǸģ
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߲ٺˣ޼ڵҲصС
ڸ߽׵صǿУΧ׽Գɽǽ֮ڣǾԻ
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ϹݾӣδԷߣʧ˷ִ磺شҶãҶȥã
СƤ͵㣬κúʰ㣡߲Ȼŭ
޼ӣ֮ǰӵǣҪģЩΪ޼䣬ϵˣʱȻ޼䡢ʵ
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ݣ
ϹкȻһ޵طɳһ⡣
˿ӯؾڿת衣

֪ᡢͨ˿ɱٶȡơίʵԵڵײ֮󣬲·硣
ڵɱһҪ֪ƷδƮ˿顣


1138 㣡С
ʵȻ
һĻŴһǣ˲滺ȻήҲƤطţʱᵹ¡
СƤʵ
н֮󣬵޷˿˿Ҳ޷ѹƣ˫ʵƽ
߼գһ֮ͬץһӡ
ڵһνϹݰΧ̫ɱĽ⣬ҲʮƮ졢档
ƵɱƣϹݿƲ˿һֶ̣Ȼʧ
֮ǵһɱϹݲСģȻᱻɱ
ÿһϹݽԷ·֮䣬߽֣Ҳռơ
ƣ֧ţŲҪ£Ҳҧͷơ
ȼŲģ޼Ƕ쾳Ҳ޷ţ
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ԽǲʣѪԽԿƣٵҩɣЧҲԣ֮һ
ֿޡţ֣һʱҲ޷ɱϾԶֶǿߣ
֪ϹݣȻְ㡣
ֶϹʵĿ࣬ʵǿݣȻ޷һŮ֮
һߴΪջ𣺡ʿŮʿ֮У඼ǵã
δ꣬еʵҲԳԽǣٿˮϼΧʱɱ˿ϹݾҲ̫
ȥһЩɱ˵ҪƣɱŮˣ棬һжˣ
ͻȻ໥Ӽ
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廯ʩչĪǺܲ߼Ժؿš
˵ʤƷʥأһ·ȷҲΪ˶̾δʶʤ
ת䣬˫ͫȻ
ϢȻϢɶںһ·˺Ϊһ塣
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ײ֮֮ǰϹ˭ҲռƣһΣ˿ǹâʧ󲿷֡
֮ǲһڵջɱɼΡ
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ϹҲɼ֮⣬ãδܵش
ڵ޼֮Уˡ
ҲЦСƤʩչ廯Ҷʤһһνǵһķ쿴νɱ磬ܱƵöʤǿʩչ廯ʿм
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ݣ
ַһģ
ڵһ泯ϹնʱϹݿνޱΣգ˵һпɥڵ֮¡
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ƺĳҪȫ
ͻأؿ߿һۣѪȻ涸ȻϨ𣬶ʩչһƷһæɱ

ڵбϹǰǿڵϣǿڵɱ𵴣ϹҲһѪ
գʱߺٻ֮У
ϹҲɣתͳǱȥ
ܸ뷨߿ʼٷֽӡڵٶȶʱӺ󷽳ԽϹݡ
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ʱʩչ廯ٶȡơʵԽϹʵҲﵽ۷壬Ҳ޼䣡

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ϹҪһ̽
飬뽣֮ûϹݣзڡѪ롣
׼ɱȥգ޲ô޼ҲΪ
ΨģͷڣΨһԼԦķػԪ󷨱
̬֮նͷڵСƤµɣ
Ϲݷ·һ̣شԻٶȲƽʱ֮һڵɱ

һӰɱڵϷͻԡ

ӰڵϹݲһʱɱһ仨صķ
һڵʱ𵴣λڵһʧȥƣ𵴡
ۣ
Ϲݱɷɱɼ֮⡣
䣬ȿϷ
޼֮е棬Ҳǵһʱֹؼʱɱǿߡ
ȻӰͨĲߣһµŮӣ赲ǰʱģ桢Ϲ𺳵š
ôССѾͷ
ǿƻڵʵȻܴﵽ˵زɱϢ˶ôǿ
˭֪ʱ˿̣桢ϹǰġǿߡȻϤѵˡ
С
Ǹ򵺴½ʶͨŮʿ
ϹݵӣţϤİǰ㸴Ŀ⣬ǿƻǿ߹ƵС
Сƽʱǰ㣬ֵڼŮҲʧȥּСӵҰϹٽ㣬ȻصϢסЩˣ


1139 ǿС
С㡭еظߺ
СȻָƽʱǸа۵ЦݣɵûúˣҲϹٽ÷Լ
ʵȴһֱز¶ԸߣȻ˷ת˲Ƿѽ⡣
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ڶϢڽ޼ڣ
ôǱһЩϹԱߡ
Ϳôһ³һѪʧȥƽ̱ڽ֮С
Ϲֻˣ״̬öٱ
§沱ӣ˵أһ˿˿һ˿˿ɥȪѪʣҲ
ҡ˵ʲôȴٶ˵һ֣һ˽Ϲһ
Ȼ𣬼δϸؿϹݣİûһ˿ϤϢ
¡¡
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桢ϹݵһʱţԭСһЩػͨЩĳͼڣǷ
СΧ˼ڵһδν档
ϹİǵӰӣҿۣСҲСʵȿ߻ƴﵽ޼زƷӵ޼۷ʵʿ
Ҳһʵ󡭡
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ϹͻȻĬš
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ƣ֮е棬ʶţûϹ£ſԶ׹⣬ǴСͷš
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Сغϣ޷ѹСоʵϣСҪԽϹݡ
ͻȻٴշֽӡڵصǰȻͬʱڵǰֳһӰ
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Сݲȣе㱾¡
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Ц֪ߵغۣҶʤ֮ͨһɵ֮һӳ֣ͨʵҲ֮

۾ֻյһЩƯ棬˲仯Ϊ
С֮ʣСϷҲơȼգΧΪջ𺣣СС
֮ǰСʵ˭ҲռˣȻ˼ʣʩչ۾ͨʵѹС
ȥһԼ֣
޼ڣ汻۾ͨòŻڼʶʤͨ
ϣϹݳȥСԸǿߣ
ϢȣӦûԼ֣Ϲȴδ
õңǿǻָκβң
벻СȻ޼ԻδָɱûǶţѹǿУһ󣬾֣ʱţߣӦò⣡
ǡСƭĺÿ࣬ʵǡ˿
ûǿУȻҳ֣һ鷳ӦҲòңСǺֹۡ
ۣ
һ̣طġ
ţ飬ϱʵһܻɱߣСʵӸĪ⣬Ҳɱ֡
Ѿƿߣסʱ䣬ʱ̸ΣգҲ
ŷɣͻȻˮһʧȥƣһѪ
Ѫֱ֮Ӿͽʧȥʶ
ѪƤѪ˿ڣѪ˿ѪѲȫʱƽգѪܵõѪԶϡ
·Ѫϵȵһʧˡ
ûЩֻܵѪ⣬
ϹݿǰѪܵ棬ΧѪ˵˵زҲ޷֣һغˣ
־Ⱦˣʱȥ֮벻һĨҫǰ˸


1140 Ϲ
Ϲݲδ㵣ʵξȣ˵˵زǻˣȫˡκãҲǷһѶѣΨϻڣ
⡭˲
κ˻Ҫһδܵʮ߹˵ʮˣһ߹ƣҲ֮ǡ
һȫѪųɽԶѣ飬ƣǴ޽ˣҲȲ
ʵûа취֮εǾػԪӡԪ룬һػԪ񣬶㱣ֻҪԪڣֻʣԪǻ취ˣ
ӡԪޣֻϹű˪״ء
żѣжֻ԰Ԫ񣬷ӡȻҾͽ뷨֮У
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벻ϹݾӸ߸ߵͦ
룿ɻţδʵصڡ
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ˣ
Χͷ⣬γһ磡
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ӽγּ֮ϹݽѪ֮Уˮںϡ
⡮ճʥˮҺò׵ģ롭
Ϲץһ«ӡ󣬺«֮ӿһְӨӨҺַ·һְɫ̡
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׼һУ޼֮УԲܵв
Ϲͷһָ壬벻֮壬Ѫ״̬£ȼճһѪ棬ֻ沢ǿҡԵʮ͡
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֮Ԫ֮𡭡ҲǴŮ֮壬˴˫޹ѵҪ˫ޣһδ󺧡
Ŀǰϣֻܾˣһ˲ܻֻҿԾˡϹݷ·˸ˣ㷢Ȼɢ·һ롣
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ܿϹ·ѵþ⣬һ˿ҵ£ȥ·𣬱·
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֮˫Ѫ죬һضͫȼգ·֧ʧȥʶ
ȴ򶨣㲻õģҿƣ˺ֻĥ˫̺֮鶾鶾ɫζΨһǿйʶҲƿˣ˳ΪһֻҰޣ
ңŪߣ
ʱħѹϹݣ·ǿ˺һ飬ſذС졣
޷
ʱ˵Ҳ޷ֹ鶾һ˲鶾ϧͷ˫֮ƣ˲űƣ㲻˵Ψ˫ޣԾΪһҪ㣿˰ɣлŮ׷򣬺úܰɣ
ϹݾСèˡӵڻУͷκηԪ֮봿֮ںϣ޷ʩչ
һͷҰޣδԹҪݡʳһѴá
ԽԽǷӿ˫֮ں֮С
ⷨٽŪϹݼ챻桮ûȻ
ϧŮ֮ǷԶ޷飬ҼɲŮò˰ɣȺ£ҿɲˣ
һֺǺǵģͻȻʧȥ
ʱؽ֮УϹ֮ǰʩչ˫֮ߴ徫ںϣ˫״̬Ϲ޷ѿء
ſſҡϹδ
常常ѵҾˣҵ
ݶһġ
ѹϵϹݣѩͷҰޣץѪۣһһ顣


1141 ˫
һ使޵ĳˮܽأӱռţϹֻĬĬᡣ
常
Ϲݱ۾ͻȻſ˫ͫѪħͷŶȻȴûʶ棺ҵӣȻλ߶ߡ
κηͽ͵ģں£Ϲǿ󣬴ʱҲ޷ԿǿƣҲ˫֮
ᡭ
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һһδϹҪɢƵģϽʡ
Ŷ̶̹˫ˮ֮ˣϣѪѴȻΧԼ
Ѫ˿ڣڻػָš
һЩѪʼ˿ȻΪһѪɫӰӰһ޶ʵ
Ȼ벻ǣϹ֮УҲһЩѪɫҲΪһͻѪɫӰʱҲںһ
⡢ˡΪ㣿
ϹìҸ΢΢棬ѪɫӰϢ౻ڡ
չ֮УϹ϶һЩѪƣѪ֮һЩѪȻҲͻ̬
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һЩصĹϢҲʼϣһس֣ϹѪɫͻϢһͬڡ
ϹݺȻ󺧣ʲôΪѪõںϣһ
ȿŴϣ͸һЩģ뿴Ҳ޷ƽ⡣
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زأ֮ǻӡӡ˸Žɫ·ʥػࡣ
֮ѪɫǧѪȼţΧѪᡣ
ΪһεͷŽââɫѪΡ
һƬһЩѪΣȻʼΪһ𻢣
ͻƣҲյħһȵȴ飬Ѫʼ仯
Ϲ˫Īϵ
Ѫɫͻʱ򣬵زʮҲʼںϣһ˲ءȥ
ֻܡںٶȲ̫죬ͬţһš
֮⣬ڴҲΪĳʼһ

ο׬ˣŮԶţ˫֮벻޸һѪ𽥽գ¾޷ȫϣû֮Σ
ͨԪ񱻹ĵ¸ţʱ˫۽գһϢͷ״̬
һػԪԪ񷨱ڣκҲԪҷ
桢Ϲݴ˫ˮ֮ʱ޼棬Ҳ췭ظ仯
ɱң
ۣ
иǧ׾޴գ
߰ţ֣ͻȻץУһڵԼһߡ
Ȼʧȥҫſ߱ĵ顣
֮߰ʣȴţŴͣһڸ˽ȥ
ִˡŴǻ𸣵أӶǿɲ
ţΧκһߣ
߽ԱɱͻȻ𣬾һƶɽȻ޼Ϸ
ţһ֮ɱߣ
Сͷǻطɱò£ռơ
һʱᣬȻɱǿߣ
ʱһˣţɱˣ໵Уδʩչ飬ߣվһ
ۣ
޹޴󣬹Ѹͣ߿Ŵѹϳһ۾ˡ
ֱֻۼڵԼӭŴɱȥ
¡
һ̤̫֮ˡ
۾˲ȵûΧ֮С
ȥˣչˣܾˣ
ţ棬·ԶҲʹС⼸򣿿ôɱǣһȥԴǿأ
ˣСгȥ
һʮɾ޴޼ǰͷһϤϢ򱦶ҿѡ
ַ򱦶ӽ磬벻û˳ؽ뱦ڲ硣
Ϣ
Сո֮УһЩϢΪֹ㵡
ٿΧֻб磬ǰƯһ硣
ܣôǸλϢ
С´ѰͨûҲûģʱȴһɳʡ
شŽ磬쿿ȷǸλϢѵǶҵġ
ಣ
ٶȼӿ֮ǰ


1142 صС
һͷţΧϢԲͬǽڲ󷨶һЩ뱦Ϣͬͬڽڲ˸š
ܿͻȻһӺޣ˼ʶĿ
ֻͷ峺֮ͫУһӣӣȼͻѪɫ棬ҲѪѡ״̬ҲҲǺˮ죬ΧҲƯһЩ
żɬֿһ࣬ڳ߲Զһǿ
֮Уܿ챻СһŮӣҲǹӣ·˯һ㡣
˫ޡ
С˼̾һ֮С
һȳϢʱڵСӿΧϢȳһ޶ˣƤԷźΡ
һϹڶ֮У벻Ϲ΢΢˫ۡ
Ϲ˺ۣߡϰߡ
СȥʩܼӿָΪʱؼʱ򡭡
СףȴܰΪס
ҲҵϹƺҲĳ״̬ϢȻǿ󣬾޷ʩչ
أ
˭֪
СȻһ㣬һɷУ޷ӦϹϣû
㡭Ϲݸʼδ
С֡
Сӣǣ
ſΧӡҪʱȻӡϢ𺳣ⲻƷ
ּСָ£Ƿӡ׽ϹݷӡǴˣ棬ѲɾżȻҲõǼ
ʲô˼
㵽ʱװͿ֮ܽУ֮ˣݹ۵λλ磬жʿ֪ҲֻСĽ硯ƼңӵŴ֮޻֮
ʲôĽ磿Ƽң˵ʲô
㲻˵Ҳûϵϧ˫ޣҲΪ˫֮ĳϵһں֮У޷ʩ߷ͨ
С˵ת뿪â
ӡϹݼжĸߺ
һ£
һ˿ң绢㽡׳ǰ
һĨԪ񷨱üķɳιСһ֮˸ղϹ˫ޣѻָһЩԼ޷ٻָʵ˲ʱ˿ɿٻָ
ˡ
벻
СͻȻһź޷ʶȻݺݵץһ仨⡣
һʢĻ䣬ץԪʶʱЩС
ţƷȻ޷С֮ʲôС
С࣬ʥŮһ˵ֻǲ˴ŶѣҲƷԪ񷨱λҲ࣡
λ磿㡢ô֪λĴڣӡ֮Уʮ㣬İشС
Ҳ֪λ磿ȻСҲͦ⡣
λλʿ֮٣ƷҲֻм֪ǰУһЩλߣҲǴԽߣЩޱǿ󡣡
磿ϧֻλܱҼסʵ㣬ƱҶԿҿԽٻճһ̯ˮ
㡭
ʵ
˺ˣ
˭˵Ҫ˺
Сתٹעʶ
ǰߣǷɬҲˣǴݴͻȻӡ˾Ȼ¸֮С
˲磡
СһĨ⣬ƤҪ
ö໢ΡΡ̬Ѫ벻ѪλŻҪֲҵѪҲﲻ̬
һ·Ѫ磬Сڲܣ𽥵ؿȻġ
㣬С˲֮Уֱ̬㵣ҲΪΡΡ̬״̬ειһʿ
˲ؿռǳ䣬ϢҲܹӣɼжô̿࡭
һ̬֮С
Сݹ֮С
һĻֻݡ
ÿˣԽѪġ
Ȼǡ
·СѰʲôͻȻϷգƯŲһâ
ԭâ֮У⽣ɫƯ
ƺĿҲһ
âǰһ۾Ϳ⽣·Ҫץס⽣ȻǴ֮ϹɽȾ챦ֻܳھɽ֮У뷲
ɽϹ֮򶼿ɻһϣίʵϧˣɽҲо޴ܡ
˾ң벻ССƷ磬õϹ֮һöɽ
̾Ϣ䣬Сһж⽣š
ȻֺȻԱߣûһ˿˿Ϣɫ
⡭
֮ɫ⽣һԾ⡣
һЩͷžâɫɫͷһ˿˿ɫʱܼɫϢΪһ״̬


1143 ̹
ɶݣǴ֮У֮ȻҲһЩƷǶմȾһЩϢɣڷȻ͸ŴûһϢӦ֮Ҳ汦˵ںԺҲմȾһ
˭ڣ𣿡
Ѫѵ޵Ʈ
ڻָʶ
С̧ͷָֻĮûǼϢ˲ءزأǵȱӦá
ȻһԾ˳һЩ´ѣС֮ͨ£Ҳ޼ɵ
ּӰǽֻǽ𻢷ԼϢ
һЩطȼѪѪҲȼžȻ̬
ѵ
С·𿴳Щʲô⴩Ѫ㣬Ȼͷռ䡣
Ҳ
˼ʣͨԪͷһЩҲޣ뱾һƣ
ͣ
һӰغ·
ԪȥܿСԱԪΪԾСô㣿Щأ
СϤȴǳİǰǰ񲣬ͬСӡ
ǰߣȱˣţɱڹƱţΧ˶ã
ΪڣˣղҸоһŮҡǡأҲЩΣżС
˵ϹݣΪ㣬ϧôŮ֮˫ޣ˫֮˫ޣָû˾٣ѾѪ
أ
޼㲻õġ
ʱһ
СĮʣǷڲ֮ǰõһ챦Ǽ챦һײİĴڣ
˵ǿʯףȷСΪʱҶݺܸȤЩҲһҲѣΪ㣬ҲΣգȻʵҲȥȣܸң㾿˭ħִǿߣ
£Ҳħִǿߣ
֮ǰҵõʯףλħǿߣҼ֤ǿһѪҲܸ
˵Ƿħ۰ɣ
㾹Ȼ֪ĪᵽǸһ죬Ϊʯ׶ǿߣ
벻С֪ħۣ
Ϊʯ׶
治뵽գӷħõʯʱħ۾˵Լӵʯףȡʯףӭɱ֮
ʱΪħֻǹŪ飬ûһ£ħͷ˵ŰֽԲܡ
ûףСֵħۣħ֮ǿߵĴ֮һб£ʯףʯҷʥħͷ͵챦ҷˣλ磡
˫ͫ˶ȻҲ̫ףҲʯױ㣬ϧħ۵ߣƷ磬ʯҵõС㾿˭
粻нʣΪʥʯҲǰЩߣΪӦʯףҪ
СͻȻһȥ
ɲʯףСߣ
֣Ưһԣû˿
־޷߷
䣡
С࣬üӡڶ֮еʯףһʯƯԪռ䡣
ʥħۣһὫɱСһʯס
治״̬ԪҪֹСʯףСɵĳʱ̣ѣ
СΧԪ𽥷գһѣ
ҶôϣشѣҿԽʯ㣬ڡԪΧԪΪҡ
ˣ
ϧ
߷ƣСǰ˲ץ䣬û
Ԫ𡭡
̬ܵѹȶɲٴᣬ׸С
Ԫƣͷͷŵ
ˣ
ȻΧ֮׸ǣֻΪһҰɫĻ䡣
濴Ż䣬仨֣ûлֻл꣬ķ·ûһ㡣
仨ĳһħ𽥰־
仨Ϣһ
ల곯ȫ룬Ժ֮п䣬뵽ˣ仨ûлģֻл꣬㱻ǿһ̴࣬ҷ㾹Ȼû࣬ͬûлĵĻһ
仨
Сʱ˿ҲǰԼԼƮޣȴȪӿԺؼ䣬ĳһһ仨Ϊ˰
˰СԺص
ڱ˰һֱŹϴ˵ڹϻڤ֮Уʱ֮У⣬ϲ˰Դ˵֮еı˰Ƴɷ
Ҳϣһ죬ʵȥңԶ֮У˵֮ڤ磬õ˰Ϊһɲȱӵ
С·𽥽Զȥ


1144 ֮ٴ˫
ˡ
ʱ˿ҲҲСֻһֱԺǱ˰СʩչͨԺ֮ȥ
˰
ҲܴСϣܼסĶ
ĵ±µԪѱ۾ԪΧգ޷ֹСʲôʯס
궼δںܣ벻λ磬һںϣ
Сһƣ㽫ʯףЩӡ飬㾲΢Ц㲻Ӧûعۣ߰ɡ
ˣ
һЩģСİ
ܼЩģػ𺳣ΪЩģ뵱ڷħһۼʯϣǷӡһģһ
Ȼʯ׵ȷСķһ
ּС촽򶯣˫ֽӡһЩϢӰںϣΪһʥ⣬СʱΧҲһ֮һʥصĹ⻷
ʥںϽʯ׽Χʯܱȡ
Ȼ⣬ֻСǰϢǲû뵽ʵز¶һλ磿
ܽӡ֮УСϹݣȻ޷ͷԿӡ
СӡϢһЩӡһЩġ
׷ӡġ
벻ܴӷӡ֮УЩƮģһЩ֡
Ҳǵһλ磬ģƴ˵֮УܴڵϹš塯ģ㣬ΪСǱߣϵõʲô
ϢδңС˺ҲýǵĻһܴʮ꣬λ磬Ҳҳһ
ֺޡ
Ȼؿռ䣡
һδͷʥƷӡʯףƾҪʯ״Ԫ֮Уģ
ȡʥһǳˣ
СҲָ֮࣬ͷһʯקġ
ˣ
ʯ׾Ȼһ̣ʯǰ״̬ͻȻڷӡ֮Уһɵͳơ
ʯ׹汻ںϣܣһֱδõϿɡСƣš
䣡
ͻȻСķӡ飬ҲС
СƷʯƣֱӽɡ
ۣ
СҲ³ѪЩѪԺ
ಣ
ҲһӴ˫ͫɳص磬汾Զͣ
ʱСѪŴһϢؽڵ档
ʯǴʥҵʹںӵһҪȥСͻȻһߡ
һ֮УӡϹݣüС
֮࣬Ҳ֪εСǿˡ
ټ棬ȻԪȣĪҲûҿԱ֤һɱ㣡
ҪԼ컯
Сһ棬ǰٴͷƣ϶ٻâΪһĻ䳯üӿȥ
仨˲ԺٴεسʯѹȥɽǺһʯ֮Сײ顣
ֻпԪٿܴʯףʯںϣֻҪƿԪԼʯ׾ͲٷʯԤǰ㣬һǿأ
ڻɫԼϹɽɽǵõʵȻⷲһ
޷ȡʯף
С·ɱ֣Ŀת뵽ʲôͷƣһӿռ䣬ʯԼԪһҪ
ڣ
ʯһͷԸС֮СͨԪ
ѲҾͲ޷ȡһλʿ
ʥСͷţ֮ǰŨӿؿռ֮С
˼ʣ޷ԸСֻ׸棬֮һЩ̬Ѫ棬ͻȻ˳
СȫҪԼڲʯףͻأ䣬һѪӿ˲ߵС
ߣȻûʶ壡ѪɫСƺһҲں
ֻǽʥͷŸǿңѪɫӰ
䣡
벻ѪɫӰӣСԤϣԵؽʥ飬Ȼ˳ƽСסϢ
նϢȻصڡ
һӰϢˣѪֲͨӰСſϢɣš
žžž
ͷʥⲻϴڳѪӰȻ޷飬ѪӰøҳ潥
̡
ԺĳѪ磬Ѫˮ⾹ȻһֻƳҧ飬ƲҧѪ⣬ȫճһĹƶ
ҲΪƾ綾ԭ򣬱ʹ˫ںϢ֮е棬ٴαƿơ
СѪӰţΧںʼȼգӿѪⴿƣֲ˾СС


1145 ˰
ҪҪ
һͷҰ޵棬ӳ˯ƽ״̬һԾ
㡭
ͷǿԸѪӰСһʱ仹׷¡
С˫ͫȼհռ档
Сͱ˵֮УΧϹóĲʥˮ

ꡢ꣬С·һ鳶Сţ
ѪӰΧ˫޶ռ䣬Լ֮˾צһ
ɻ
뾡취ҿϹݣСӡ֮УͷҰ޽С˽֮Уһʱ˿֪ʮô£вѪͱƿΪܣҲ֪ǺεȽС֮ӦСϴٴη
Ҫѵûᣬ뾡취֮Ѫ仯С̫Σա
ӡ忪Сķӡ
ߺߣһСƵŮˣ˰ɣƣǵӣרƶɣʮ꣬жֲִСŮ֮Ů޷ֿ
ӡͨԪ񸽽ʶʱ˿ҲС޵
ΪԪ񷨱ӡ
СΨһǿߣ
ʱ˿̣֮Уƣȼգ桢Сطȥ
С֮ǰǷɵ鶾Ҳʶ棬ӭ
߳߳
ز
Ѫڷգ벻Ѫ֮ǰдǧͷ𻢣˿ȴͷѪ֡
Сͨ־˫ޣʱԭѪѪ֮УֿʼѪѪ𣬶ɱΪ𻢡
һɱͷֲ֮࣬˹
ӵǧͷѪѪӴѣͷϻɱ䣬ѪõεȾ˵ز
ٿѪѣȻõ߰˰ˣС˫޹֮УѪţѪõСǿʿֲٰ㿪ʼָ
ڻָҲǿ
Сˮ֮֮ǰϹһСҲֶ˺ۡ
Ҳ˴ץۣС´˷ӿޱȵ
Щ󲿷ΧϢݣֻһϢԵøⲻͬ
һЩѪâҲƤ֣֮ҲһЩϡħһɫɫѪɫȵ⣬Ѫ֮֡
úͻȻһͻȻһЩ
ȫȻŻ棬ΧֲرڣȻ˫ۣʶΪںϡ
ٿСѩ޺壬һû֮Уϴߣᣬ俴һ棬ί
ˡһʶҲ֮ǰ˫ҸɫȻΪһ⡣
ҲϹ״̬࣬·޷һʱ޷ԼϢ
˫һϣĬĬʲô
һϢšü·һڤڤؽ˫֮ٻ
һЩϢҲڣ
С
һ̣ڲԶ棬ͻȻһЩʶ޵ӣżߵС
ԣȴǽߣǾСԼǳңԶһƮ졣
ؿʼò׷ӣһ˿ҵСл㣬Ҳ˼֮һ㸺𣬴ӽԺҪʲôҸʲôҪʯףھ͸㣡
Сϳ׻ΪŭĮؽΧ֮飬Ҳ
İֵظ˭Ҫ㸺ʯףҪȻҵģҵֻһ˿˾Բ㣬һʶҲλ緲£һָƿأԽж˿顣
νͣҶףҲԣҲܹңֻƱͿֲ˹ʱӡʯףԪ񣬲ŵ´ʱ־棡
˭ң˭ҪһƷ磬ҲҪ֮ѡһѡƷ᣿
һҪɱңҸʯףҪʲô淢ģֻҪϲʲôҶŪ͸㡣
֮ʵ˵ֻһЦ
ҲҵҲǿÿ˶ӵн죬Ҷֻһй̣أ
㻹죿
С֮ǰ˵⣬ϲڻ֮ڤı˰ã淢ģҲΪѰ͸㣡
˰
ɱڵС˰һӳĬˡ

뵽漸꣬ʱˣκһΣգҲûˡ
ΪСΪԼѡ˰󣬵Ѱˡ
ֿȰҪ磬ҲὫ͸㣬ΪǲܺúദΪηҪһ֣ҿ㣬˰Ҳ㡣


1146 նϵ
ǣⷲ磬ǵڶˣ˵Ҫͱ˰ҵˡ
ѼƳڵСҲΪһγһ¡
˰ֻԶŴ˵û˿϶Ĵڣ˰֮ˣ˰֮ʼɴԽءЩǴ˵ȴ˵Ҫõ˰͸ң˵㣬Ҳ
벻СȻ֮죬һǺɫͬǳγɵĳȹǳƮ
ʱաСȫǽȻͬˣϢǴ磬ģҲЩͬ
ͷƣΧ֮𿪣ɱ֮һжû㣬ҲûңûƷĴڣʯףһҶ
ͻȻҲʧҾͲһ˿ܣ
һ˿ҲûУ㱾Ͳһ磬һ߶ȣΪʯףҲİСݣ·ˮߡ
Ϊҿѡ㲻ѡʯҸ㣬κһҶͬ㣡
˵ˣһ治ѡΪҵݣעһжǸ󣬼ȻǴ󣬾͸õΪֹʯס
СͻȻһ丩һƳʯ׾֮ûƷ磬ҾͲҲ˿ϵȻʯھնɱ㣬Ͷˡ
ˣˣҪҲգ֣ܱ֮١ǿСĳλԨҪǿ򱶣ҵװɣĸԸ
ûϵСɱֻ޶ԣ޷һ˿棬֮󷴶¶ͻЦݡ
ݡ
Сǵǳ֮ĽͻȻ̳
ಣ

֮䣬СĮĿ£ȴȻǷЦݣȴ˲䡣
һӰѸײڶ֮Ƴ֣һƻн𿪣Ҳڼ顣
С⿴ˣϹٽ㡭
㡭ҲһûӦֻſ֮ˣϹݡ
Ϲݴ˼Ҳ»ϵ£ɫȹ͸Ųƣһ£ӵҲһγɵϼ⡣
ĳ߸ѩĲϣϵһıʯǰǸͨġŮֱ̡Ҳˡ
ϢǰǰСޱǿΧͷţҲһ֡
ϹȻ棬С棺ӣαأκҪɱҲɹɱ⻯⣬ǻѣαֵò죿
ڣº޲һͷײŮǰһ߳жô
СԥϹٽ㣬ʧȥףŮҪģұҪɱˣҪһն֮κϵ
ҲǵףУˡϹƳ󷽣ǵġˡҪɱң𣿡
ɱҲû֮˵Ҳڳȫң
Ҳ㶯֣
Ҳգҿ˭ǿҲɱ㣬ɱ
ǡ
ŮͻȻâ糤գҲò
ͻȻ߬ȭͷǡСϹ٣ҶԲǣǽɱ˰ɣ
ǿභκһܵ˺
ϹȻĵҿɲС常ĸĺҸҪ㣬Լ
ԲˣҷҪɱˣ
СͻȻƮһƳϹϮ
أ
ָ֣ҲʶʶЩǿˣϹݽϼ⻹ڡ
ȴСƽɱһ
ȥʹ죡ϹͻȻƣһƬԼС
ŮһƬƣǰХ𣬶ֻŮʧΪ
һˣ˭С
潹٣ʱҲûС
ͻȻ뵽ʲôͷŷΪһ£帲ǣ
ܿѪԨһ⣬޼ռ䣬ǰ
ˣѪԨϽ¡
ҺûѪԨǿߡ
֮ǣҪָʵ㽫˴һ߶󣬼ӳڣںϣ
ѪԨ־£ʧȥ
Ϣ򣬾ʹ᳾ʮǿߣͳͳΧ
潻ʼӡóҩ
ѪԨ֮ǰҲ߰˰ˣôʼԴͬʱЩԴһҲһͬա
Уʼ沢δգֻʮڣһɢ
ϵһйָھҲвܣȻ֮һ顭
Ϲ١СȺ˫ޡ˫֮ǿӳڣڶ̶ʱ䣬ԵһҲָһ룡
زء
ʮ˷ӳ֣״̬Ͳһˣ̶ʱ䣬͸ʼƿء
ͨŮ˫ޣ̶ָզࡣ


1147 Ů
زѪɲĿɿڴ
Ѫ֮УȻͷѪ𻢣ţ棬ֻвǧͷȻ٣ﵽٶͷ˳̶ȡ
۾ѪǾҳʿΪػ֮Դ

ʮӳ֣һȫѪʼǸѪ㡣
Ѫ֮һЩӿÿ䣬ڻ
̡Ϣ½ƤգԽЩѪѣʧ
ôԴճɾڿˣ
־ϲ󷨷֮еԴҺ壬֮ǰ֮£ɵҩ޷ںϡ
ǿѪԨҲ޷ԼںϵҩپʱؽԴҺڡ
СʵǿȻƷԪ񷨱ʶ벻ͨԪڲƣȻһӡ
ʶ
ˣ߶ҵı˱Ҿܽӡ飡һ棬Ҳ˷
ಣ
治ף۵ǿӡ
Ȼٻָͬʱ޼磡
ô£
֪
Ϊɶߵţ֣뺮һĿߣ߿ʬ壬ȴ޼ϿգϹݡСڶ
Ҳ֪¡
Ϊ棬ҽʬ壬ԼŵĿߴȥˣ
治ףǽʮ߶ˣΪԼʱ򣬷ɱ
أ
߿֮У
һײγɵĹҫҫһۡ
ϹݡСһƽ棬ÿһƽɱƺƴ
ӣʵȻǿ󣬿²޼䣬֪ķλ磿ϹɱһƬâǺʵ
֮ǰһģСϣ΢΢Ϲݣһϼ⣬ƲѹϹݡ
޼
ˣˡ
޼ȴڿӴ
ٽ
Ԫس֡
λص޼Խ󷨣λʮ룬ڴѪ֮С
СϹԼɱˣ׷£Աߣ漱æʵ
ǷһЩ졭˵߿ʬ壬һŵĿߣ˷ǿߡ
һ𣬿ʬ壬ŵĿ߹ǰֻɱߣʣһ˻ţģһɱˣ
ãɱĺãģʬأ
߾߿ʬ壬һ߱ţˣʣµߣһ߸ˣָʵǿһٺ٣
ϣȳȥʱʱ̿ǣκһˣ
˷˵꣬ȳȥˡ

ŵߣǳױ˵ǰͷ
ǿߣʲôǿߣѪԨգӿߡ
ʵţʵĻҾͲɱ㣡
˲ϴˣ
ʬץǰΧ֣ҲЩҾͽ֮ӦÿԻָʵǿߣ̺ĸ߽ΪԼں֮ھͻ޼߽λ־Ժͻƾף
лˣ˾ϲ
ʩչѪ󷨡Ԫ󷨣һƿһͷϣ
һߣΪ޼䣬ȻʬĿ֮£֮оѪɫƬʼ˺ѡ
Ѫ⡢ճ־ΪѪɫγһ˿˿ѪɫȻʮӿȥ
ŵĿ߼ͬ³ӵսľＸҪŵûε
˿̣һֻ֣Ҳ߶ͬץסһʬ壬ˣ֮ǰһֱ׷ɱΪﵽ޼Ŀߡ
Ŀδ֣֮ϧҲĿʬʼճΪǿ֡
ͣ
գͨɣڷ֮еĿߣƤһ䣬ΪһѪܵѪˡ
Ѫһɹɵؿʼ˫ͫ͡üġ֮С
ոսڣ͸Ѫ˿ڼܡ
һ㣬֮ǰ޷еģ̫أ˫ԼʱѪ֮£һʼУµعȫÿ䡣
оȥǿߣҾָܻƣ˭һ޼ͷ
ţȻȻƣأȫڷա֮Уоǳ泩
䣡
Ժ֮УҲͻȻճһơ
ˣڻСӡˣ
ԭϱ𣬽Сֲµķӡ顣
ʶ뷨˲ںϣػ޼
ˣϹƺС֣ٳʱ紫
Щˡ
ͻȻ֣ǰʧ޼߿֮УϹСɱһÿһƾײǻڸ߿ըѡ


1148 ȥ
СȻռϷ磬ѹϹݡ
ահ
Ȳ뿪޼ȫɿǿ
Լһ
ڼѵվȻԦӶ
ಣ
޼ӣƮҡŶ
桢ţֵһʱߡ
ͻȻ޹֣ţȥϹһ֮ѹСסǧ˺Сʣ
ԸǿߣҲûаգͷű𣡡ţɳ徹ʼ޴󻯡
ϿգϹݼ޴󻯵ţ֣ĳСףְɣ㲻˶֣Ҳָһܿ޼㻹֣ܵ
ţ֣ȷǷ֮УһĹ
С·ͻȻɱһġ
ľȻΪƣѹϹƣɰף
СʱԸ·һϣס㣬ȡʯף
ٺ٣㣡ţɰ֮Ѹײڶ֮ƣŴֺץС
浣Ĳѡ
֪ţץȥ

˭֪
Сͻأһɻ棬ͻȻʧȥʶֻһһͷɳţִ֣ǹɻˡ
䣡
ǵСڷջ棬˲ƿնȥ
ţִƣ߳ë̴ƣҲԵС塣
漱æճȥСġ
ϹҲȥ
սţǿͻȻ֮ץ̯ģС·˯һ㡣
ţֺǺǸ棺˷ģԪϣֻʣδ̺֪أ
Ԫϣʵһ
Ϲ侲СʵԪϣҲ׳Ƭʱգ˭Ҳ޷㣡
ͣ
˭֪
˻δţϷƣţ˯ŵġСͻȻȻشڣӿһ

֮𾹽С˲串ǣγɷ֮ƣࣼСȼһ߻Ƥʬ塣
޹ذǡ
ţҲû뵽ôһĻգϽѹ
ûϵ
Сϻ·̺Է֮⣬ţָ𣬵ڻڷա
ҴææƣһСղʹ絶ʣɲɱһƸǶȥ޼ӡ
Ʒӡ֣СڷڲգƤѪⶼûˣֻʣ¹ǼܣǼҲڻΪ
ļ٣Ϲݽ͵ţ޹أСµһԪϣҷգоԳԽС屶ʵѹɷ𣡡
ࣣ࣡
СʣһƬҽҲͳͳٻ
ţʧ֮Уֺް취棬˭֪ʱСͷ֮Уһ仨
һ仨·һֲСͷ
ݣ
ҲʼΧ漰ʱɱӡץƷ뿪һ
̣
ڼʱӸոշճУǣΧ𳹵顣

Сһˣʱ䣬󲿷ֻҽӣŹǼں
һˣ̶̲ͻΪһƬǻҡ
ѾͷƬֶ̫Σ˭֪ҷţֶ߶£߶߶䣬ΪѰ״̬
Ͻȥһԣҿ档
򡭡
ָ֨֨ץס䣬ȻӶС
ҲһԲҳ
ΨϹݸ˵ߣԪϣҲ֪ܲ˳뿪⴦棬滹ԪԿɽɢ뿪ⲿռ䣬ôǿ߸Ӧ£ԪҲϢȥ
ɫϰҡͷҪʲôҶԸΪηҪѡɱңΪԸԷ٣壬ҲԸú
С֮ǰɱ㣬ҲҪӡԪ񡭡ˣ˵Щûκôǻ취뿪⴦棬ڻɱʮߣִҲԸӦ⴦ռ䣬ſϢɱ
Ϣһʱ䣬⴦澫ܳ棬Ϣǳϣ³Ѱ뿪ȥǴξӳ
һ䣬һ·档
Ϲݴʱֻһҹк£֮ǰˡ
Ȼǰ㣬һó𶦣Ϊ濪ʼ衣
Դ浱δһ㣬ԺͻȻӿһĻĻϹݡС޼ڷƸ̡
ҵ뷨ӣ콫ƱƳ
ͻȻҲ
û뵽ʤݣһамƻ˳У֮УһӱΪƷа֮һ
һȥ壬ǿ߽棬Ҳ취ܾȳЩ޼ɢǿߡ
˭뵽ĪаԶУʯţһδ׼ʿǰݱ𴩡
桭
̬ϰ
ԼȻòڣ뵽ĪаΣ˵ʱΣա
仨⡭
âָƶƯǰ


1149 ֮
СԪϣԷ֮ΨһĶ
ԺһָΪ߼ֻѰе㲻һ̺Ԫеƿַ
ӦþǱ˰
»䣬ʵһ黨ͷΪɫ뵽С˵Ƿ
بŻ֮Уĳʱڤһ䳬ԽϹ滨
˰
ʲôǱ˰Ҷ֪㿴仨֣ûлģ㻨ꡣ
ŻͷڲƬ꣬вƬ꣬оƬ꣬ûлġ仨ȷֻ֣һַҲһִ󲻷ĸо
ԶŻ磡
ڤ磡
ظţС֮ǰ˵ÿһ֣ܼǵһСߣԶ˵
˰
ͻȻٴץ˰Ȼ
̣
ȫ߷־ѪնСǧҲС
ѪգڵزΪﵽ޼Ŀʬ壬ڱѪ
߾屻˺飬һƬƬѪѪɫѪɢزѪںš
״̬Խ£Ĵ룬ʣҲ㹻һ컯ʿ޷ء
ˡ
Ȼʬ壬һͶһδ֪
ڲȻնĴѪȻԶѪɫӿȥ
һĻȻ򣺡ഫ̺ĪǷҲʬ
·ַʲôܣ
ͷʱٻģǽʬŲѪɫ֮У
ڣ
֪ʬսѪɫ࣬ྐྵȻʼԳԽزٶֲƣΪտ
ʲôʱӵ
㣬ԼҲš
뵽ֱ仯¶ϲѪɫռ֮ǰʮиоһ
ٿ֮УڤڤϢ̺Ķ޼ħȵŽǡͻ½ϡɫƬȵ
ɫƬǲǵӹ˺׺ⱻ˫ͷ븹Уھ֮еõ𣿺ɫںϣڳѪ
ֳ֮ӰӣԭǰйĴڡ
̣
˼ʣǾ߿ʬ壬Ȼһ̣Ѫɫɵûʣ£
Ŷ̶̰㣡
һ޼Ŀʬ塭
ͷŸӦѪɫɿ߶̺֮УȻȫںϡ
֮ӦҲһ֮УоһЩܡľҲһѸͿʼںϡ
һԳɹָҲ߰˰ˣʬǺö
زؿռ䡭
ͻȻָоʲô
ԪزѪ֮УͻȻˣѪƯѪ֮С
ʱѪΪͻˣ
ĿɿڴѪռ䣬𻢡ԼѪ硣
ˣϹݡС֮󣬶̶ʱγɵģȻұûп˫бȻϵ
ʱ͵Цʼʣһ˿ȫˣˣŮȺڰʱڷƸ꣬û뵽Ҳҿٻָ
֪ģ֪Ӧ֪ģ㷴֪лģǿԺһĻĻ
ٺ٣ϴ󣬲֮ǰϹ˵һ䣬˵ϣܾˣֻһˣ
棿˻Ȼһ
˵ģȷ
¡ˣڲʣҲʣԺ˵ɣѪѪɱ䣬Ϊ𻢣δͻƶ쾳ҵֱ֮ǰ࣬˵ʵһ
ϲˣʤĥѣֻǿʵҲ˲̺ȻȻ
Ѫɫࣿ
ִӵزʧ˲
֮ǰо֪࣬زѪתע
֮УѪɫ֮УŴӰӣɵ÷·սս
տʬ塭֮ǰʬѱһ֣ܱѪɫܿգ
ߣ
뵽Ҫȷж
ץһŹӣһ޼߽λǿɺҲ
ԣ޼ǿںһҲҪüʱ䣬쾳Ҫʮꡣ
컯ٰںһ
̺֮Ҳʿһһδгġ
һ¾һԼޡǿߣٶԴãͲ֪Ѫɫܻ࣬һ
ɲǼͶ뷨ռ䡣
δ߶κ־ǷƷࡣ
Ҫܷ


1150 
ֻһһ⣬ԷһȦȦâǿΧС
̣
âƤƤһֱߣƤ֮УΧâΪ
Ȼʵ͸ɫҲ˲䣬һذ룬֮ΧǴâʱâ֮У⻯Ϊ˿
ֺܿƣʧӰ٣ȻһƬΪѪɫ⣬ӿ뷨ռ֮У͸ȥ
ܵҴգһ˲ںϡ
ʱŴ˲أ͸ȫ
һʶƮ˵ãⷨྐྵ컯׶Σзγɣ˼飬
Ҳû뵽֮٣Ѫɱ侪ˣѪɫ࣬ҲԴ߶һЩ
תѪɫռ䣬³ѪԪ󷨡Ѫ󷨣ֶһֶΡ
ѪɫѪһԽԪ󷨡Ѫ󷨣
Ԫ޼ͨ޼һͳɳ½󲿷ֶԪԵʣŹƷ綥
ѪԽѪħҲֲħۣҲŹħͷӵж
󹦷̫ҪʩչҪ־ȥԦ߶ûߴ߶޷ʩչ
ѪѪɫȫͬ
Ѫһͷų壬ԼȥҲԳɶ
ѪɫҲһȻȻͽڷ֮ɡ
оѪɫ໹գͻƶ쾳ʩչ
ʶ뱾ںϣ
ڱȫȫָͲЩʵ֮ǰҪǿһࡣ
˵ڿʵͨܽһ޼ͷܡ
׻ԿĿռ侧ӡûٱ仯󲻷ȻҪʱʱ̿Уǿ󡭡
ںģ
ռ侧ӡԼ׻
ֻҪ״ָ̬֮쾳ܸͨ
ڻÿʼѹƣʱпʱգӭͻơ
Ϊ˷ֹڷʱգΣտռ٣ͷѹ֮һ
֮ޡţ޼ʵҲһͻơ
ţֳʬ壬ֵõĴԴʵ캣һ
桢ʵɱˣƴʱʵ޼䡢¡
˼ʣϹһԾգޱ޼ռ䣺ǱҪҵڣֱҵΣа취
Ϲƽʱǰģ˵ʱ֮УΨиӦѷ죬ѷ촩ȥܴӦЩ½ϢȻҵ򣬴ռ죬ȥ
ҵǱ½ռ࡭да취ˡôһ˵·˴㡣
ϹճǰȥںϸӦʱӦΧʮڳ˷͸ȥ
ܿӦˣ֮һЩʯƬϢԶʤݣƷ½⴦ӦҲȪ£Ƕʤ·
ҲȻ⿴ҷƺһ⾫ǰ棬ϸϸӦһ
ȷУ١޵·֡
ٶȸӾˣʩչ֮֮ϣɼռ侧ӡ
ռ侧ӡԿ֮ӳ֣ٶȸӾˣϧ沢δĿ
һƬâ߼ʯʯ
Լǰʮ
أȻ両âһĹҫ
ԽԽ࣬Ϲݾ֮̾࣬ٶֿһһЩâϷһЩСľʯ
һЩȾʯʯ
ô龧ʯʯˣһƬԺ󷨡ϣ
صǳ½ҪĪааس硢б޼ϾĴǿߣһͬٽ޼ڡ
ûдʯܵһ

׳âڷ֮Уƿҫų֣׷ױץǸƷʾʯгԽʯڵʯ
ϹҲæռʯ˾ˣŹһһ꣬¿СʯҲ봢䡣
װ£޼֮С
æµ죬ʱϹһͬ⿴ǰǰΪξۼǰƺ
ǰγɵһƬƺռ䣬ؾɢ侧ʯʯ棬Ҫǿʢʮϡ
иྦྷʯʯ
ȵһȥ
˺һŽգǰǴ棬Ƿ棬Ǹྦྷʯʯɢš
ˡ
ͻȻѹסӣϤʹǿҷա
ϢҪģϹף·ʯʯƬ޼
֮ϹһȻ׹ǣһͷ­Ƭ뾧ʯʯڷ泾ڡ
ǲǵһƬʿ治ΪȻǴʹԽǿҡ


1151 Ԩ
žʯʯּǰԽԽ㣬γһƬΧǿʢʮ
˼ӿձʯ磬ȻһǿؾԼԼ͸
ϹݴžȣǿؾӦһ

һѪڰ
ʲôʯʯγɵһ鱦ʯڴ½Դ
汻Ϲ˵ˣһ·֮зɳۣϢڴʯʯһأ벻֮һǧ׾ˡɫ͸žӨĿ鱦ʯ
ȷĥȭ
ˣ
һ㹻һ
Ϣ㿴ϹݺȻʾǰʯ֮Уһξ룬иͷ
мʬǣȻ͸аϢڱΧѹƣһʧ֮С
СǷ֮һʬʶͻҷ𣬾ʣմȾ綾Ĺ
˻˿Ȼͷһâ
â֣֮âͻȻһƬâǧǡ
ּը죬ǰ޴ƿ£εض𣬲ڰձ룬һ˸С
ڲ޿ռ䣬糬ʿǧ׾ͱС
ģ޼߽λͷҲԽ˾޴ʣϡ
Ķӣۿ֮ʧȥ
ʧȥΧдʯʯƬҲһЩʬǣҲǺʱڴˡ
һνֱʯƬ뷨ռ䣬ĲƸȫԽһһ
ΪЩʯƬ͸һɿȴ½Դִ羫
ʧȥһǣߴʯ֮ʣַʧȥ֮£ʯ֮һЩʯһʯΪˡ
֮ǰûѹ·ʱΧԷ֡
̺羫ںϹ½ԴҲᷢ֡
һԨײ
ʯƬȡдʯһ״ŰƴС˺ѿ״ıʯһ
ֵǣʯûһ˿ֲͨʯ飬зǳӲо޼̡
ϸϸĦӦòǾʯʯҲʯûһ˿
ҲͷʯΧʯгһϢҲûУͨʯɼ̶̳ȸоԽң
Խͨ͸ŲԣǺöÿ½ԴһѪɫ֮Уһںϣ
ӦǱ
Ȼ̺羫½ԴһѪɫ֮ںϡ
ʯѪɫ࣬ˡ
մ½Դһ־ǵʯռ䣬Ȼ޷ա
ǱʯƷʣѳ࣬ӦǳΪ
һͨʿ޷߶߼һ
ٲֻžһЩҲܺ챦
Ҳ˵ȴȥȰξѪ뱦ʯںϣһЩѪһͬռ䣬ǿ뱦ʯںϡ
ֿʼΧռʯ
һƬʯȡˣ滹ȡһĪаͲٵȥ
ϹݳƬâȥȻǰ
¡
֪ͷӬڰѰ֮ʣ߿ͻȻһƬҫѺۣ·һ桢ϹĲ
ո̧ͷȥǰһڡ
һƬʣһ㣬ƿ׹
硢ɽɱ򣬽ʱա֮ʣԺֻ档
ϹݸϽܡ
һЩ޴ʯϸСƬ¡¡ش׹ڸ߿ջһƬĻоƬҲ˶ա
ٶһЩʣ·ڷ棬˲ϢըһƬһЩѺ۴ӷ졣
ǻڣҲᱻûҺǰȡң
ؿڣղſ
ֿϷǳ·ڸղƬ߿ɴǿдһӣ޼뿪⴦뿪ƾǽʱգ޼⡣
Ϲݰ˵ɴСʱҲֻ֮գ̫ʧ򣡡
д½ԴֻҪ뿪⴦򣬾ܴ߶ӦƷϢұѩ׷ɱ뿪Ʒ磬ǳ֮УոӿʮҲΪ½ԴӦƷ羫ûʧǿ
Ǿ뿪⴦򣡡
뿪ӦûڶʤݣѰǴϢһҪȳӣ
Ҫҵοɲס
а취
ģϹ£δ˵㡣
մ·𵴡أ쳯߿նȥҲںϸӦ
Χûκв򣬴ʲô֮Ŀ
Լվͷǰݣ⴦ݣ뿪
˳֣Ϳ֮ǰΪЩʻ죬һЩδںϵѺۣѺ۱룬ȵҪ£¿סǴⲿ


1152 һ鳬Խ½ԴĿռ䱦ʯƬ
֮Ӧþ
ಣ
Ž컹ڻںϣɲ޼
޼ΪȭͷС֮£ʱú¡¡졣
ҿ޼Ǿǵͽ׵£ͻ顣
޼һ㶥ѺۣڿӴȻ״̬ͷ߶޼ƻҪһʱ䡣
ʱ·ֻصǰǱ½һδξ̾Ϣ棬ҲȲκ֮綼Ի𣬺ο
ϹȴһȻΪܳ޼ټ󷲽磬ˣѪ
Ϲݣ
ԺͻȻһŮӰӣҲ֪СԪ񣬿ɷ˳뿪ʤݡ
ʵԪ뿪򣬱Ȼгɹӳİգʵ㲻õ˵𣿻Ϊĳֱٴ㣬취ǿԼ㣬һɱô죿㲻ֻ֣ԴУϹݵǷǳ侲
ˡ
˵꣬һͻȻоһ춯
ʶڣԽ˲ԭ̬ͷһɾ羫
㾪羫
һϽ磡
ʱѪɫ࣬ڷգȴ½Դ羫⣬羫ӷ಻ӿһƶһˡ
·֮У羫
ôܣ
ͨʱһƳɲ뷨ڲ
ڣЩ羫Ʒ
⿴ԭأ̺羫ıʯںϡ
֮ǰںϼѪȵԵʣһӽ鳬Խ½Դʯʱںˡ
ӵо羫Խ½ʯӿ羫羫Խ½ԴҲԽȫ֮ϡ
ʱ羫ӷСʯӵе̫
ʯҲо֮УѾʼںϴʯӿĲ羫׾ͽ͸ѿʼȫÿһѪ⡢ںϡ
֮н羫ںϣ
̣
ʯָֻС̺ԽһУ´½ԴҲ޷̺˸߼
˼ʣʯ뷨ں֮ʣʯʼջ棬뷨ںϣʯ͵ںϡ
ʯ֮ǹɻ棬оϤϢҳ׵磬ʯ͸һЩ׵硣
׵磡
׻ϵѵʯ뷨ںϣ֮ʯҲӵҵ
Ϊһ֮ǰֻ̺߼羫ʯ˿̻̺Լ׻
ֻһֽͣʯںϡҲʯ֮У̺
˼顭
ʯһͷŻ棬һ׵籼ߣֳȾӾס
ˣҲ֪
ͨʮڵľʶκʿȴҲ֪ʯǺε
ֵǡˣҴʯϸӦ½Դʯ뷨ںϣҲںϣʯʼ̺Ȼ֪ô£оξӵһ챦
ȻˣҾȫںϣ򡢷Լ
ʯ˲
оʱ뷨ںϵʯһѷ
ʱзӡ⿪ȫԹ˲֮Уͬɽ飬ʯӿ
ʯҲ߲ܣ׷С
Ҳ֪ں֮󣬻кεһʱᣬʯҪںϺܳʱ䡭
뵽ҪѰΣʶת˲ʧ˲ء
ںϱ֮޼⴦ѷݳǰȻǿ硣
޼ʱ֮Уٴαʳһδû
桢Ϲݵģ챦˵ʲôʱ򣬻ᱻ˺Ƭ
ӦƯ޼֮У濴˷ֻܿ׾룬̫࣬ӦҲ飬޷øԶ
ʧȥӦʿͬϹ
桢һ֣ͬϴ󣬿ҵİɣʵ޼߽λ츳ҲǳˣһѰҵǴΣ
Ϲͦģϲͷȥ
ʱãӣӦÿУ
һ㶣ε츳Ӧ
գѿʼȫնϢӿ벱ӴΪӡǡ
һɹϢҲಱӿܿӡǾʹ
ʤݣΧ磬ӦаϢֻҪҴ߷ӡǣҲһ֮УѰҳλá
Ŵ߷ӡǣ޼Ҳڿ£ǰС
ȫһֿ챻ӡǷٻûĴаӵڤڤ֮УʶΪ
ԼȻоӡǣһֲ߷γɵȻʹ
ӡӴȻ΢΢ʹ·Ӹĳռ䣬ڡ


1153 
˼ʷںϣһһӦ޼˷ʱ͸
ӡǳ΢΢ʹܿϷʱ͸ŵϢ
޼Է˱ٶȣ¡¡ʣײһɷչ档
ӡҲԽʹû츳ںϣʹӿλҲѱա
޼Ӵ֮ǿ˺һ֮ǰԶ٣Ȼռ䣬ƯһЩϴʯ
Ȼ֮󣬿棺ƺǰǴռ䣬ĳȻ
Ȼ񹤣˭֪֮УһѰʱաԴ˼߲֡
޼ѴٶҲԽԽ졣
ϹݼͷҲ濴ΧȻɻƬʱմŲܳ棬ԣռǲ˰ġ
Ҳ̸ͬɻɫʧȥ赲޼ٶȴﵽƯʵʱգӡҲԽʹ
򣡡ã޼Ư֮Уʾҿǰ
ʱ֮УȻһҰش͸ǿγһԲʱա
Ӧþ
ӡʹգڷӡŵħҲڴʱ˿̣ҲһЩ
ȲУԦ޼ԽƯգҰǰƺǻҰճ֮УһϢʧˡ
ҲӻɫոӦһЩƷ½ӦһЩһʱ޷˵ϤϢ
ϹݽѣȻŴִ˿ƣڲȻǿߣӡȥǲףҪ͸ڵ죡
ӾͱұһԾȳЩ޼ɢ޾ͷһãһζʤݾһδѣܾʹ˷
ǳ϶Ƴ˼ۣɲǼ߶޼
Ҳٴν޼ӡͷӿ뱦֮޼ͻȻײȥ
һ𣬱ϣһȻǲһһѷڻҰսˡ
Σˣ
ҧٴηһ޼ǿвڲƣѿһԾ롣
ӭӶƳ޼Ҳǿнκ飬Լ޼ͻȻʧȥ赲һƬҰɫ߿֮С
ɲָ߿գдиϢʵռ䡣

𺳡Χ沱ӡʹʮطɢͷѪ𣬽Ϣմѹӡǡ
пܣӡն
ಣ
桢Ϲݴޣ޼뿪Ҳصġ
޷ֱ˼ͷʱǰǳµĹϢ֮һ̺һЩ
˼飬⴦Ȼڲͬ
·Ҳ޷棬ǻҰɫϢ볾ƯΧҲоκϢ
俴󷽣ӡ磬澹һͨӡӡԾŴԼ
Ҳתһ󺧲ѣȻǾŴɵķӡ硣
˺嫷ӡ磬֮УŴִˣҪɣ
Ҫǿߣ
л½׾ϢҲԺϢؾϢҲС
ӦӡڲϢܿ϶ǾŴǿֲöɡ
Ϲݣǲζţ⴦ʱգŴִ˿Ȫɽ
ΪƷǿŴƿһ磬Ȼһ޷ͨԳưƷ磿
Ե÷ǳ϶
ͷɻѣϴռǳ䣬ҾȻδӦϢʮдǿ߹𣿡
ӦǸԵһִЩǿߣȻҲжӡڲܸӦ⴦ŰһʥأǼǰ
ץʱ䣬Ҳ֪ȪɽʱǺεƣԫħǿߣʲôƻ
˼ͷޣ·ȥڼ棬ȻһЩϴïʢط֮С
֮ܿپʯʯƬɢţʱҲû˼ȡ
ȻԽֲãһɽϾһ乬
Ӧûɽͷһ벻һ磬Ӧ֮󣬻Աڵء
Ϣţڲ帣ؾϢ빬ںϡ
Ϲݵɨü˫ͫȪӦǾŴ⴦һǿߣƽʱϢ֮˽ʴŻķڴˣ
ӦˣպóûϢ졭߷ɳһӣ빬
ֻһ㣬ҲֻһԼڲȻãɼڴ֮ˣȥҲܴݡ


1154 
ҰڴţҲն޼ڣţѪԨա
º󣬴񣬾ָ۷壬뿪ҲϹѰΣҪ߷СǧĪаϢΪԴӦϢ⴦ĳ
֮󣬷ɳĬĬд߷Сǧ״̬ûκ쳣ʵڲӿĵͷâĴΧ֡
ֽĪаϢ֮С
桭
ʱҲʼ汣ں״̬
ˣ
ڴأһЩҲԪջΪУɼڴʧ
ֽһ㣡
֮еĹͻȻ̣Ҳ澪ϲؿҲǺ嫷ء
ҲЩˣһ˿˿ϢʹǷƲǧԶ
ֻҪȷλü죬Ǿȥʱֹͣ߶Сǧһֻ˯ƣС
һӦϢȷʿǴ
˵꣬ͷųϹһͬǰС
ȻϢ˵ִŴǿߡ
ٶȱ޼һ䣬Ʋ볾֮ǰС
֮ǰ߶СǧĲ˼Ҳץᣬհ
ˡ
ϹͻȻʾٶȡ
ӦȻǰԶһϢҲδأȻʮ͸
뼸ԷϢһ޼ǿߣΪ޼߽λһ޼ͷ
Ӧһ᣺ӦòǾŴǿߣ̺ʥ½Ӧʥ½һɢ޾ͷ
ִ˶ִߣ°˷½ɢޣһǾŴӣ
֮ٿһЩһɭ֮Уһһ¥ӦУϷװգۼűط漸ؾ
Ӧһִߣѿ⴦룬ִڰ򣡡ٴ˵
ϢԽɭ֣ش
˭֪ʮ⣬һɽֲһʿϢͷ̺帣Ϣ
ԭҪȻԽƬɽ˭֪ͻȻӦʲôɱŭ߿ա
ǿˣѡ
ǿߣ
桢Ϲ·ڴطѺ֮УΧϢγһȻϡ
汣ں£ϿշǿߣһŮŮʮ꣬ӴѮ¡
ΪøŮӣҲ޼䡭Ӧ֮£ʶǧ׸߿գһŮɽ֮С
̲סͷһ˿ٴθӦˡ
ȻŮǻҰ׳ڶʤһĻ
ҲˣϴǳӦһ壬ӵʱǼһƤë
СһΪŮϣسޣ
СϢӡĹĵϿգҲҪȡسޣҲҪɱŮˣ
ʶŮˣ
Ȼʶ԰ٻĴ½ǧɶɵֵɢǿߡŮڰٻĴ½ǳãаʿר˫ޣ˴֮ٽ˻ɱ߱
а֮Ǿ
꣬ڰٻĴ½ɱЩǿߣ壬ǧɵȸ׷ɱŮħͷٻĴ½ʧǧ꣬û뵽Ȼⶫʤ֮У
Ӧִһǿߣ
ִ˸ӲǺöаħҲ£Ů͸ǧУ
ĺȵʱʱ
ִ˱һȺ֮ӹˣΰݵÿΪʦΪִִߣα̹ģٴΰο
֪ɽ棬Щʲô˵ǶԻܻ֪һЩܡ
ٴںϣܿӦĴһɽھۼɽЩªڲȴǽ̻Իͣٽʯݳ޶Ҳжٸ߼ʯʯۼ
пĴִߣȴε֮Եʣϴ޷˵ʲô
ʩչСǧӳ֡ʱٴμԪƮ
츳͸ʯɽ壡
·һڶ֮С
ʱĴָΪ桢У˵ǽߡ
óƣ̺еϢ
ö
һߣҲǱɽ֮еִߵλĿǰ֮УӵǹУϽȪɽħ½ħħΪʮħۼǿߣԼŴɱĿӦЩħǿߡ
ǸŮ˵ˣŽ޷󣺡ǺθɣΣءʥ򡯣ֵңȶʤԺҪ棬ȥҲᳬԽ޼


1155 
˭Ը֮£ħ½ħǿߣɱ붫ʤݣɼҲöԸѽӵּҪǿѲʥ򣬻ǽãʱϷ𷣣ǿɳԲ˺ùӡһ˺ƣӿâ
;ǿ߲أħǿܴͨɱǲܵģǾͱˣ뷨ӣٽʥУŰ羫޵øΪͨ˴żЦ
ļ䣬ǹ໥֮¡
ûжջ񣬿ɶѴǰ𺳡
ȿȷΣһħ½ħǿߣɱ붫ʤݣǴ¼
һ棬ǿʥ򡭡
ʥʲô
֪Ҳֻҡͷԣ֪Ϊʥ
ԫ֣Ȼħ½ǿߣҸִעʱ䣬ҾиʱȳĪаҳ⴦ܣΪʥ򣡡
ֺȻз֣ӣ뼧Ůһͬˣһ뿪ɽ
벻
ǰŸߣżŮ·ͱѹ⡣
ôҲͷڶݴͼ
Ҳǵһμ˫޹뼧Ů긲УԪҲ໥ڣֳһ֮
Χ󷨣˫ʱܽ˴˾Է
˭֪Ժ⣺ˣҲˣĻϹѽô࡭
û˫ޣϹݸϿ⴦ɽ
ˣǡ
뿪󲻾ãϹѰһγɵķ¡
֮ץס޼Ƚڲռ䡣
ɱңһߣڿռ֮Уһ֣æͷ
һߣӵ޼ǿʵ
ԺΪȮЧң
ԷͷԪӤħ̥󷨣Ԫֲ
߶Ӥħĥȥ
˵
ߴ޼һΧأʱţΣǾȻ
ԭǻ򵼣ﻵЦ
ϹһۣҲ֮ǰ̫żһ˼Īаǽ߸ˡ
ɭȻΡȻʣϤ
ֻֻΡԷش𣬲̧ͷ
˵˵⴦򣡡沢ż
Ȫɽ£ǳʮǰɾŴǿߣһЩͷ£ȪɽǴżļŴ£ͨһִͨͨͨƿأڡڲǧΪ޼۷Ŀ߰أ
ʮûһˣԴ֮УŴӵִˣڵһִǿߣǾŴЩֻͨɢ޾ͷֻҪǿаħǿߣҲɽ
һִ˰ƿأΪͽȪɽǴϹżӡŴ⣬κһʿԲ̤Ȫɽ벽Υߣ̤ǱڣǱؽ֮С
ŴִҲᶨڣһЩǿڲǿһͨʱһֻͨһǧһγֻһܻصʤС
ȻƽʱѲߣִ߿ԳȪɽ⣬ѰʱִҲ̤벽ǰΥأ󱻷ϳΪ
֮磬ҲһԶżȪɽһƷϡҲΪһżԱżռݣξħؾ֮С
ħؾһԶżʥ򡯣ħؾʥ֮⣬طҲвżеıеĻ֮УŴִִߣѰҡ
һеصżˣδΡ
ħؾ
ǲ棬濿ǼȥѰңֵ߲·
ߣʵʥҲѺǿߣ
ʥǣʵʥҲûȥ¾룬ܽʥ֮ˣֻлù͵㣬Ǹ߲㣬ǿʱǧ꣬ȥм꣬ʣ¾ǾŴԺţҲԻýʥлᡣ
ûȥʥҲвٶţʥǶʤһϹżģʮǰͱŴȻϸִͨͨӡʥ򣬾ŴǿоöٲԺһǳʥ򡣡
Ժв⹦ǳʥ򣬻оЩһһҲǳʥ֮йżŴʮٶţýʥᣬԴţΪĳϡ
ߵʥ
û뵽ʥǶʤһżⱻŴִ˷
ϹݺȻһ˿ЦݣţֲöʤԺƷǿ
Ҳǵһ֪
ԣҲһκˣھŴоİ֮иɲ⡣


1156 һʯ
߹ʥжܣִ߲֪һ޵Щִ߲ߣҲ֪̫࣬ΨоŴЩ̫ϴϡʿŶִ˼޵Ԫϵȼ˻ϤǽʥУҲֻʥһǻΧûܽȥ
ԾյЩţǲҲȥʥУȻ뵽üš
ȻʥУԼεң֮£ſִʵСȪɽʱõһϹżͷ
ʵܸǹִţ֮ǰִ̨ץסһΪĪа޼ʿǹ˰ɣ
Ҿ֣뼸ִߣලԺӣ˴ٹ֮УӦ̿ʣҲ̫Ϥ
ħؾѺǿߣ
ˣ⼸Ӱ˷ץ޼ǧˣһʵǿǰŴӳȥÿÿץħ֣һЩħؾӡҲʿˣܻĶǿߣҲˣܻؾԨ
ꣿ
ϾŴִЩ꣬ѹٶǿߣЩ˷½³ߴ󲿷ӡħؾֻҪЩǿϻڣΪױ
̫ˣڸǴ·Ҫħؾˣúðңһ뿪ʤݣһɣ
ǾͲһǸ屻ħǿ룬ħڴŴαװʤݵħǿߣɱû޼˵ԾˣҪ򣬼ǲܵ£
Ӧãص޼Ҵ·
㲻ٶԣʱ
޼ֻ޴ӱһԾ
߾ȻҲ֪֮У󲿷ִѲ·ߣԼһЩǿص㡣
ҲģóԴˣԽǿȻһ޼ǿߣһúãܷӳá
˹ȻһִķƹȻ·һƬֺֺ֮гһЩǹ֮Уһڲͬ໨ʯ
һʯ;Ϥ
ʯͷڶɵڣǿСʯͷ࡭
һɭ֣ӻм֮Χһһ໨ʯ
һͲԾ
ߴ޼ܣǿʯҲԶ֮ЩʮŴһЩǿߣרΪоǿʯ죬ǿʯȷ̺ĳܣûзܣ޷϶УҲִ˴ܣ
û˰ɣûȥʯһ
Ȼܣ
һɭΧûһִߡ
ʮϢԽֺ˫ʯϷ
ϹݶȻžϲ໨ʯƺڶɵǿСʯͷһģһģ
淽Ÿףٺ٣ˣǿСʯͷһ׽󣬷ǳ򵥣һּ齣ҶڻδգһϹʯȻ̺ལ󣬵ҽ󴫸㣬һ򣡡

֮ǰϹݲ⣬ʯ֮ƺԤеʯ̲ĳʯ¡
ͷϢһ͸ʯоʯǳӲȫԽ½ʯӲȣ¾ʯʯȲϡ
滹аϹҲջӣֻд߶ǿСʯͷĽ壬СǧһӦʯ̲ص󣡡
ľһɹ̶ϹλɫһԣҲ޷ʱ˿̵ġ
Ӧ֮£ʯһ·һʶ͸Ӳʯ㣬·ܿʯγɶꡣ
Ӧһң޷ʯڲ
Сǧʼؿռ˸˲˴ӿؿռ䣬Խǰ磬ӿĹԽҫۡ
˲⼸һЩϢǽ壬֮У֮ʼûЩ塣
ﵽһ̶֮ģֽʯ㣬ɹ͸С
ͷŸӦҲʾϹһʶͶС
ģ˸Ӧ岻͸ʯﵽһϹ𺳡
ʵǿ޷͸ʯڲҲһ߶ܴﵽһҡ
ˡ
ԺͷϹǰӦʯ֮УһЩƣӰƵģӡʯ
Ӱӽ֮ܿһЩģϧ˶޷ס
Ϲӫͫ棺ӦòǷģǾ򣬴˵֮еģϧ϶һײ󣡡
ӦǸ߼ģӦÿԿһЩǸ߼ģҹ⼸꣬ܽǿСʯͷĽ󣬶һЩͦԾû뵽Ϲһۿ̺֮ġ
֮ǰһЩֻҪʱ䣬ƽһЩ
̺֮һЩ־
ϹΪǿ󣬿ƣĸ㣬ȻʶƸʯȻƯһЩӰ


1157 ּ
ЩӰ֮У͸΢΢Ϣ⣬ΪЩӰ־Ȼ̺ԺϢ
Ҳ˵ЩƯΧӰ־Ժǿ־
ãϹҡͷǵۣҲ־ǺܶǰŴǿʯЩƣȻ־ӡڽ֮У
ץᣬнƿӡԺŴһôѴӲо
˲ٷ໥ϣʯ֮͸ʶ
κνƣ֮ӡԺ֮ܿŴµ־
ǿ־Щʮоʯǿߡ
࣬СǧϹٸܿʯơ
һġţ
ԺѸִƣལںһͻΪ󣬲඼ģҲ˵ǲȱġ
£
СǧĹȣʡ
ջǼϹݽʯڲнƼǵһ
Ŵʮ£ȴɣȻⶼСǧĲ׶ȡƣٴθоСǧ棬ŹߣǺεͨ
Ϲںһ󣬾ϲ֮дżʧ䣺ǽ壬Ľ壬ͨĳַʽʯںϣʯ֮УȻǷ罣Ծ򣬿ϧǲҪӡǳѣ
򷨲ڣӦһŵ뽣ںΪֻҪ֮еĽ壬ںϵƾݻ󣡡ʯ֮ϵ棬õĿϲ
֮Ƭ㣬лᣬʱʯ֮ϣʮ꣬ס
ϴ󣡡
ڼͷȻʾһ
֮ںϸӦƴ۽ɣǿ󿿽ʮˣҷƬɭֿʯ·
һִѲڴˣ޼˵µʲô
ÿ뿪޼˵Сʯ·
Ϣʯ֮⣬ǧɭϿִǿߣһҲˡ
汣ں״̬ͷظӦ֮벻֮Уһ

һ˸Ծ
ǰ𡢶ճִǿߣټţȥذݼһǿߣΪǿһ
ߣ
ߣ̫ǿ󣬷·ԺֻصǾ仰
֪ߣͲ桢ϹԱߵĿߣɫ˲䣬ĥʵ
Ŀ쪶ϴξӢ󣬰ӵѡΪʦʸ񣬶֮ˣߣ
ˣ߿ǿԪ֮һλ֮ߣ˵һŴţΪʦ
ʦ
һʦа
ݼԪϣ
߿֮УͷظӦ֮ʯ̺ĳЩ·˽һ
ɷѲߵüǿþŴɳһЩǿߣϴңħǿ뾡취Ҫɱ֮УĿ겻ΪӪȹħؾЩħǿߣӶǶʤƸʥһ㲼ħҲб
һߵ۽ǣħɱ붫ʤݣȡǲ̫СôȥˣħٴҶʤݻңκһνԱѹ
˫ƣһâŭβħǿߣǸʥҲˣ֮ǰյ鱨ûж룬ħʥ̽Ի棬ҶʤݣŻƻʢᡣ
ʥҲˣҲ֪ʥ̺εͷͷȻˣ˾͸ǳ
Ҳõ磬ʢŴˣ°˷½һ䡢Լɢ޾ͷڣԾŴΪѹħʥ̲⣬Ҫ֪ʤݣԺۼǧƷ羫Ӣ
ǣ
߹
ͼ仰ˣȸ֣Щ߹Ŀ£һշȥ
ʥҲɱˣҲɢȥ
Ϲݼͷʥ̼𣬷ѩҲõһЩţȥʥ̣ڰ˴½ץǿߣȻҪΪǿŴִ˺ȻǳΪʥ̵ˣʥ̱ػʢᣬݺش
ȴһ󣬸ӦʮﲻһǿߣٴƺǰС
׽ţȻߣ뵽һˣ֪ǸңһΪ賤ǿ𣿡
Ҳ֪賤
ԷһӳԾǶʤݣֻҪǿߣԺһȼĸ߲㣬֪ˡ
ʶһû뵽֪賤
賤ڴǧңһͳٳҲõִ˴СأʥУõٿ߿У֪Ϊεԭһҹ֮ҡִַԶұۣնҹϵһҹʧȥ


1158 
ߴ꣬渵濪֮ǰֻˣλȻսȪɽ֮ͨڵġңӡ֪˰ңУңӴսҹ˿ʵʤݽ
һϹݡ桢ҲĿ⡣
ʣңʲôˣؽͨ
ңִ˵Ԫ֮һλһϹΪʵﵽ޼۷壬ǿֻ˺Լ
賤أ
˲ңӣȻңչأκζʤʿҪ򣬽Ҫսңӣǵõɣ賤Զұۣҡ˶˹ϵһҪôܣֻսңӣʧ֮󣬱Թħؾ֮УⱲӶ޷ˡ
ЦеĵǾˣϴνһȳȻǷһݴ飬ʵǿǹֲţ£˲ţо޴
ãһҲǾȣҲǾȣȻѵִǵаħһǿʲô
շе棬ź֮ɫΡȻ塣
ջ賤ϢԵ֡
Ȼ䣬ǧ
ʱδκ쳣ܵħؾ
һΰסӣǰƶ·ʱ֮´ǳµȼʹ
ٿȻٶȣߣǷʲô
ȥʥ򣿡ߴһ
ʥ򣿡
ԣָǷʮǶʤżڣҲǾŴִ֮أʥû֪ʥ
ǰϴ󣡡
˵ߣǺҲΪԾ
ȹȥԽͣ滹˵ȻһжӡĪϵ
˳ǰ޼ڣȻţֲͷ£ȷҲҪմԶҲҪ
ţ֣
ûѷҲǸ޼ȻռУȫ¡
û뵽ţһ֣ͻΪһ׳ԲһӵĴ󺺣һ
һƤЦţϴʵǿٰ
ţͬϴСܣҲ˭ϹħɷȻˣҲһݹͣǳ´Դпʬ壬ʵҲһﵽ޼۷尡
ڸƨ
ţǰţ֣ˣǱ𸣵ѹʧǧ꣬˱ѱ
𸣵ѹȴţ캣ɽֱ֣׾
潫ţ캣µ˵
ţŭᵽ𸣵Ҿߣ˴Լִˣٴ׷ɱүүֻܲ캣Ҳ޷ȥ½ңԺִˣҪŮִ߶ΪС檣
ⷬ˱ţ˭ͷϹħɷԴģ
Ӧþʥ˰ɡ
ϹݺȻһָ
˫Ŀȥ
ƺ֮£Ƿ¡һ嫸ԭԭһƻɽء
Ǻ֮УԼԼܼΪƯǻɽظ߿ա
֮£ܼһͬǿɺڶ죬š
𺳵λǾʥǶʤݣӦƷ磬ΪϡصһԶż
벻ʥһɽڡ
ҡͷʥΧųĹ
ʥ
ǾƷżҲʥصʥ
ޡħɷʿһ̣ƮԼ֮ºɫС
ǿߣҲȻ𺳡
Ȼ̾Ϣҡִǧ꣬ٴ򣬶ٴʥֻһνȥֵطȥһΣҲյ羫Ī
ҿִ˵λͣҲ޷ȥʥУعſ߻
ɣҲΪΣ˲ִ֪ߣͿʥ֮Уֻи߲㣬¹֮ˣʸȥУҲǾŴһɢޣҪʥ̸ף
ಣ
ƺ˴·ɳ
ʾ档
ͷžâʮǻɽУƯ·ǻҰɫ֮УɳһӰ
ӰֺܿƯ߿ա
һˣҲʮͷ˸оȴͬŲɣһߡ
ʿӢĿǱһǳ塣
˺˭濴
ҲΪ֮һССԺͬľţ賤һʱǧ꣬꣬ʵѳ󲿷ֿߣʥչذ꣬ʱи߲Ӽ
У
һԺͬľǿߣ
ҲдϴҴϣоϢҲǿʢؾ·ҲںϹ½Դͨίʵ


1159 
Ҳ뵽ʲôҵѩˣʤݣһЩǿߣУϧѩԽʶǿߣ
һ֣ԼԼȡģɼж׳־ǧ꣬ʵҲǿ٣δƲ֮£Ŀǰִмٴνܵ
ಣ
һʣȻ
ӦԭߡĴǿߡ
оӼߡ
ʱܼҲǷתӺһƯһߡ
ߣնУȻδ̺˿ϢԼ·Ȼڿռ֮ա
ɿ˭Ϊòˣ
ƳˣɵҲǿԪ֮һΪơλһʵǿؽʥڣ

ΪעŶʤмΪϼ壬ɲ⣬о壬ڶʤݣ˭֪壬ҶȲ壡
֪٣һ
渧СԴǰŷѩ˷½ȥύ֪һЩ
ѩǼǸŮӣ벻Ҳ֪
˽⣿
ǾŴţȻҲҲʥǳΪһʮִ֮˾ͶԼ־ţⰵ࣬ʥΣִ֮Ҳвǿʥ½ҶȻ˽⡣
ԭˣ
Ǹˣ츳õһöںϣ֮ʥУʥ֮һǧʵڽʵҲܴﵽ޼䣬һδ
ѩ˺ÿɽ
û뵽˱ܡ
δ䣬εȵλ
棬ơжԻ𣿡תעڻɽϿա
û⣬Ƭطûнϴ
氵츳ٴںϣͷųظӦ֮
䣬ߡĴ֣ϿƷˡ
Ԫϣ
ɫɣˮУʵ־һ֣ϲЩʥпԽչ
еǷǳǫ飺Ȼջ񣬲ż̫ɲ⣬Ҫˣո
ϵܣʱƮ
ϴ磡Ʊȭס
ݼԪϣй
ظӦ֮Ȼ츳
˶ԻҲϹݡ
ͻȻʲôʾ濴ƣϣȻһЩħͷţ
ӦȷȻѹϢʼջһ˿˿Ϣӷ˿Ƥ֮͸
ȷħ
ħŶ˵ˣһħǿߣǧǰ֪ΪΣʼħ⡣
ԾѣԪҲħҲħ
ִ˱һˣרħ⵹ϡ棬һЩǿߣִǿƣơֻ֮һ

һӻ޷͸ִˡ
ոȥתתҪϸѲߣϵҲҪ˶
ͨ棬츳УҪ㣬ħʥ̹ȻҶʤݣʢɱȥȺ󱲣ԺԼǿߣܷŹһħʥ
һι
ǵץסʥ̽ͽû׽Ƴ̳ѨҪʥһ򾡣ħʥ̻޼ڴʢᣬƻʤʢҲʽ£ַʴ˱ʥ̡޼ڸϸ
ף
߿Ȼȥ
Ȼ
ִˡŴ˷½Ҫ޼ڳ֣ħʥ̣
ʱ麹̻̲
ҲдࣺƷӭһζǰ˺پŴɳ½޼ڣ˸ҪħʥԼ޼ⳡѪȷƷҪָܻ꣬Ԫ
Ϸȥ·ͶϵܶൣҲǱ𣬴һʧ
ʣһߣƸ˳ҷնȥ
ĿҷƶȥķλӦħؾˣ
ش𣺡Ӧȥħؾ
棬ĬĬӦϢǡ
˴·
ٴοʥ֮УӴӡӦ쳣ֲаΪ֮ƣû塣
ǿѪѹڶ̶̼ӡơ
ʥ֮УȻĳַǳǿʡŲӡʥΧӡӦǿҡ


1160 Ԩؽˮ
üͷĪҴӿ忪ʼӡַӦԴʥ֮Уħؾ
Ȼ֮䣬֮ǰӡзӦһĳ𱻹ħؾ
ǳȷʥʥ֮Уһ޷ݵڤڤ֮кӡ
ϧڵ֮ҪȳĪа賤
˵һ
뼸˰ǱУطâ桢һָͬ£ػҵħؾ
;Ҳִߣڣǰ׼ñܿһִߡ
Ȼ䣬ĻһԹ·ɫħɷԭ𿪣γһ޴Ģ
ˡӡʹȻ
ԹаΪһ󺺵ţһ￴ǺڰħɷԴ
Ĩɱ
Թа
ٴθ𺳡
ǰ߿ƬаԹ֮£ƸţǷ֮УһӴ磬֮УϡܿڲһƬ޾ðź
ħؾ
ӣ
ŻǰһЩϡڽ֮һˣ뼸ڽ߿ս
𽥿ڲǺɫ޽һ̨̨֮һڡ
̨Χǹˮðẓ̵́⴦γ졣
ǺˮϤӵ˾˸ʴĪǵԨؽˮǺˮǳϤ
ͷ˻ۣǵԨؽˮǰôһƬԨؽˮǳ£޼߽λǿߣ׹ҲҪǣƺԵԨؽˮǳ˽⣬ѰЩԨؽˮֲ̺ͬ綾ԼһаħմȾ֮ᱻʴ
õԨؽˮϴⷨЧܲû뵽һ֮У˴Ԩؽˮ
˭Ҳ֪γɵģŵŴǿ˴ԨؽˮȻӻʹ˵ΣڲֱͱеҲ飬Ͻڲ޷գ޷뿪Ԩؽˮ׹ֻ·һʴʮûһˣԿԼ˵أν
˵ǽȥҲף
ǴʮǿأڲǺ٣ҪȥȵôΧ磬ڲڽ磬ܽΣǱִ߷֣ǿɿƴȫûڵԨؽˮԨ֮УɳҲᱻ
ҵ취
ƭˣ
ڲ±˵Ҫӿ£ǿߣʮˣô¡
һΣʥԼ֮ǿߣҲʮɱ
ǲɵġ
Ȼ뿪
˷Ҫȥֻӣ
Ϊǿߣʱ˼ǵӣѶ϶װ뿪

ҿЩִߣ֪ŴֳµϢҿԴ󷽷ִݣȥЩˣȻɰգԽ֮У
÷ӣ
һ취ǿа취ǵԨؽˮԨˮԨΪⲿԨؽˮڲеĵطͨģϧҪɵԨؽˮҪңһƷҲᱻԨؽˮʴɾ޼
Ԩؽˮͨģ
ţϾԨؽˮ̫嫣ŴʱҲ̫ྫ׽νˮйͨΪͷһЩǿߣγһЩԨؽˮӵ
Ȼ޼ˣ
û뵽зӣһƽһܶ
ޱȿϲֵڻһ⣬νⲿǵ磬вٿ˿ڽϢ֣˲䱻Щǿ߸Ӧ
Ǹ⡭
濪ʼǻۣϹҲڰæ취
ʱֺǺǵˣ⻹򵥣֮ǰ壬СǧȡǿʯڲĽƵģ
˵ҿʩչСǧ
˴鷳һ仰㶨һ˫۾񣺡ӵִԼƣ߶СǧƾΪԴ͸磬ܴһϢ֪뿪磡
ǧǵһ㣡ѡ
˵˵
ɻǵЩţ壬μʱ򣿡
˵ԽħòаԿһ˲䣬
ǰǵ챦νҲزܲˣǴ˾پǰװѰӣ
ʾ֪ˣ
תǵϴ֮ϵ֪
˵
ſڱǾ㵣֪һЩǿǶʤݣʥ֮УϹű֮һʵһǲ֣һڵڲǬһӣɸӦκϢֱκλûòʿ澵ӣԻᱻڲӲ
һӣ

治𺳣ҶδԫˮīЩ̺ħıòһӾȻ


1161 ˮ׽
£Ҳ뵽һ㣬츳һӱȥˣ챦
ϴ󰡣һҪǿӶҰӣ츳ҸӦ಻оǿӣΪ׼ģͻȻ档
ö
ֿνǵȱһҵȰǱ룬ֱΣѰ·
˼ȥҡҡͷ֪νΧûбΪʮǿأ֮УһΪħȦľû˼˵ʮǰʱִרѹεľֻǴţʮû˼ЩԪ⣡
С˵æǰħȦǿǴڵģѩ˵лҪȥִˣʶԶž
ֻҪû챦а˳ɰգǱУִһã
֪֪ˣǱΡ
ִӻȡƣ߶Сǧͷ棬÷渲ˡ
ԽзʽһǴ硣
Խǿ磬аԹԽҪӰԪ񣬻ûǰѣ׼
аԹ֮У͸ǿħɷ֮ţϲָоϷϢħԹħɷֱ֮Ϊ׼һḻ͡
ûִߣţֿ»ữΪһɾ޹֣ڴħԹ֮ǺεһĻ
벻ʩչԦΧ棬ܽʯںһ𣬸Ϊڻ
˾һƶʯڷڴС
ԼĪħؾ·
ͬ죬˾糾Сھޱ޼ĵԨؽˮڲӿˡ
ظӦ֮ӽԸӦʮִϢһЩ˸
ںϡ
һְֱд߷Сǧ棬ʱץԻִƣشŹӴ
˾ȴУںϣһʯӣһûУû˿쳣
ϢںϣҲϿƿ
澪Ϊˡ
ưҲʶ֮ܶ޼Ȼųʵ˺á
޼ͬʱӽڣӦǳħԼһаԹ
̽޼Ž룬˳֮ǰڽڲ޼ж
Լʮţٶȣ޼ڴһ磡
޼ʱֻȭͷСǰǺĵԨؽˮħؾΧ
ˣ
Ԩؽˮ޼һɺ̣˳ˮ£ˮǺһƬܼȲʮɡ
ͷŸӦҲ޷͸ףɼԨؽˮô¡
ڻޱ˽⣬۾Ҳ֪λãָλ޼ٶǰš
ʼ³ʱʱ̱̿ԨؽˮʴһЩݣˮγɺ«ˮݡ
ھԨؽˮɫٶȣȥԨؽˮԨײҲҪ£ٴˮȥΣƻҪ£
ұְ£ܿ·ˮ磬ûκʣԼ
һ챣ȥκθӦ޷͸ס
Լº벻һЩ£ҪˮףһЩ׹⡢ѪγɵĹҫֵشĺڰ
Щҫˣо
ڰԨؽˮҫȡ·ˮףû뵽ˮײһ㺡ǣ
ǻһ߶ɢţ󲿷ܿມǣеǴġ
ǲƬѱԨؽˮʴ
Ƭ֮оһЩ汦УͷһЩҫײȻγĹ磬ûκˮֲһЩʯʯɢţҲʧȥ
߻ʵЩʬ壬ʮЩǿߣǱĥǱִԨؽˮڴˣǵһʿ
֮еʯʯǵԱʴ󲿷֣ѳɷƷʧȥֵ
Ǵ䣬Ҳ״
ӦһȡЩʵܵһӰ죬ЩԨؽˮʧȥƽ⣬²֮ˮЩջȫʴڵԨؽˮ֮С
Ҽڱ֮УΪڵԨؽˮԨƯȻ
˫˫ͫһֱھ֮С
̫ມǣеĶѻɽʮжʿھŴִ֣֮
Թƣ
ͻȻǰûкǣһŹҫˣʯˣ͸һЩڲͬϢ
˼æ濴ȥȻ΢΢ҫ֮Уʯˣͨ˲࣬ƺˮʻ㡣
Ƿǳ
ԦӿٶȣѸӦܲ
ʯϷ¶֮ɫԭʯ˿ɲʯǰ򵥣໥ɱ״̬һɱһƣһƳһָ


1162 ڶ˯ڵԨؽˮ֮еʯ
˾ͱֹ״̬ڴˣʯˡ淢ֲʯˣֻǱ㸲ŴʣΪĳЩطܿ׹ǡ
㿴һʯˣ׹ǽʰȻ͸һЩħϹҲʯ˲ͬѰ֮
Ǻ
Ԧʯǰ߶һֻžһ𶯣ʾȻӲ羧ʯɱʹ̶
֮мҲɤһԾ
ǵʯˡʰ룬¶ǰ׹Ҳʴò࣬ǴӰ׹֮У͸Ԩؽˮ޷ǿίʵ£޼Ҳ˸߶ȡ
һʻδȫǹ඼Ǻɫģ͸ϢҲǿħ
ħ࣬ôһ˿˿ҲоڽѪħһ˿˿ħ֡
ħϲˣҪʩչ֮ͨħոȰħɷ֮Ҫ°ٱǧţֶҲɫ¶̰֮ɫ
ȻˣҲ׼뱦һܺúо
ִ߶һƣƺ嫵س󺡹ǸǶȥ

˭֪ϢֱֱӵһһߺǣȻǺƣγһȻ𵴡
ǿһϢȴõ飬ʵ޷׹һ֮ڡ
޼ײ΢΢ÿ£⾿Ǻεǿߣ
ϹҲڲŻζҿϢȫ֮ϣϢӦòǷʿҲǴ˵֮оˣ
пʬ壡
ȻȭͷʤȪɽһɼּ֮УԶǿߣȪɽʬļأԺִ˶Ǵɼ֮ģ
˺ǣǴǵõԵ˿϶漤Цֹ
ϹΧֽкãϴֶΣȻܴߺ֮Уճ˲ٺ٣ǿԵ
޼
߶һʱ߶޼𣬳ߺնȥ
һ£ƾ޷ֵ޼ϾڵԨؽˮ֮У֪ʴ꣬ʧˣʣ޼֡

ˮʻ㣬ܿͬܲߺ޼
ҲΧûʲôеĻǿǴ˵֮УԽĴڡ

ϧߣҲûջ
֮࣬Ҳż֮УΧһһߺΧۡ
Ӻ֮У͸ҶĿ
ʴ߳ɣֻд治ٷ֮һֻй͸һЩ
ϹҲеʵа취ճ𣿡
Ӧò󣬵ҪһЩʱ䣬ҵʩչ󷨣ɣӦߺܴգƲü
ʮ꣬ٺ٣
ţֵúϲ£죬һֱӽɫӵģ
֮󷨣̺Ԫ󷨡Ѫ󷨣һֻ̬Ĵڱ֮С
ְһѪѪƮУںϣʵѪʼȥߺ
ʲô쳣һֻѪҲûһ˿Ӱ졣
֮ԦǰУ;һξ룬ܼٹ˺еĻڸá
Լº󣬺ȻΪƽˮ磬͹һƬɽһˣڵԨؽˮˮ·֮С
⴦ˮɽϷҪɽƮǰԶӦþΣһ˼ӪĪа賤
֪ΪΣһͻȻĳϢ·ɽ͸
䣬·ɽȥʱʱ̸ӦΧ棬Ҳһע·
˭֪Ϣ󣬾Ҫ뿪ɽͫͻȻȻ¶Ȼ
Ҳɻʾ·ҿ·ɽǲǾһˣ˯ˮ׷棿
񡭡Ҳɴӡ
·ˮһЩԨȴһɽ
ɽ
պ˯ˡˣ֪˯꣬ܿ沿
ϴ󣡡
ֿ棬ĿʮҼǵõȪɽǧΰƺܣ˵ӦûʯƷĳĪǡ
ţ
ʵҲڻ뵱꣬ȥȪɽʱˣȫʯ
߶Сǧͷʯܲ
Σʯ
ƺʯλƷĳʱգһʱͨ
·˯ˮ׷֮еʯˣʯ֮һôֻ˵̫ã
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ڶҲ̫ˣһҪʯȡ
ʾҵһȣִ߶ʯ沿Ʈȥ
һṦ򣬱ʯͷƯţ߶һ⣬һɶ
γһͨԨؽˮʴǾͷųԨؽˮҲԾԽ֮ɡ
һ֮У뿪һʯ沿


1163 ħɱ
ʱʯ沿ǳʣʯγɰɶ߳㡣
ˣܿ۾ӡͣ
ʯüλãű
λȪɽʯҵһۼ;ĳǾֻû˿ȥǴҴ߶СǧӦǽʯѡ
ڷѪԪһЩĪĹģʼӿ򣬲ڱԪΧ
ˣȪɽʯȻ˽⣬˼Īʯʯһ¾˵ףΪȪɽʯ񣬴Ժ֮ǰˣɽһǳԶţû˵ǺʱȥǺ˵̶ɣ
ʯš
Ҳ˵ס
ÿԼҳʯܡ
ĿʼͷƮ濪ʼðҲںѪ·ʯüӿȥ
Ѫ̺ԼѪںϡٻ˯ʯ
ʯʯ֮һػзӦ
Ȼʯ˷ǳ⣬أСǧҲһʱᣬܽ챦ѡ
洫ȥϹ٣ƿرҪӦʯкܣ
УʼⷨӡͷŸ뱦ںϡ
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ħǿߣ
½ԭҰȺɽʥ⣬γɹҫӶʤ˷£
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Զʤݰ˷ǿߣи½ʿ
Կһӹҫֵǿ֮УԾһ֡
ҲһЩϹŶ
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ջʼ½򣬵һŽɣһŵӣԪ
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һŮħǿߣɫףͼڡ
Ԫ
ԪֵƳ·Ժʿû뵽Ѱħǵ⣿ǿ·Щ֮Ужٶǵ˷ţһ˲סЩ˸Ҽšħ汾ʽɱʤݵһʥأȪɽ
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֮һˣʼɳħͨ
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ħֻͨһִͨûκΣա
ǿҪħʱʱ䵽һڼʿŹħ̳֡
һ־ʮˣЩϡƤϽħơ

ħֳ֮һӰԽԽ࣬ȻһЩƤǲ԰ףŶߣͬ˵ĺڼʿ
ЩڼʿекеûкǾʬ⣬ʮħǿӭЩǿߡ
Ӧþħ½ħ꣬ġħ
һԺ߲㣬ҲߣȻ󺧣СЩħǵõ鱨ħһħħڣһͬħ½ħԵʣǶħڣʿǿߣƵĿħմо綾ʵǿ󣡡
ֹħ
һԺߣմ߶дִ˵ơ
֮ʿоŴӴ£ÿ໥γɴâơ
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ԪƯħ֮УΪмȸ㿪θˣδħʽɱʤݣ

ź󷽶ǿߣħ洫֮Ȼʧ
ԼʮϢ
½Ȫɽ
޴ʯˣҲûڸҫ֮У죬յһʥأ˷ʿħɱ


1164 ħǿԪ
һħͻȻ֣ǧħƾޱħ̣ħ֮¿ֲҺ

ϷʮˣΪԪǲٺڼŮʿ
һ׷ŮħͷѪɫ촽Ƕʤݣ
ԪףﶯħϣһָǼսûƮ壺ħסʿȥ壬ȽͨǴͨ򿪣ҪȥΪصΣ
ʮˣŮŮħͷʱֶȥ
ಣ
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ǡ
ڵң常粻Ʒ磬һʤʲôŴʲô常ָʵʿƸħħ˷½һͬƷ磬ҾƷ
ţҲ͹֮꣬εţܾ¿УվֲΨʵɳΨʵǬ
ԪΧһƬսʿЩħɱò¡
·˿֡
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ﻹһħͷ
Ȼһ˷֮УŮӣһӡ
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ӡҲС
һеմȾħѪħѪһεţһؾÿգʯٻ
·ȪɽǰʯˣվڼͷնŽɵһӣԪ
ͷɱһҪɱħͷ
Ԫһת
벻һķѩԪʱؾǡջʼ½򣬵һŽɣһԪ𣿡
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Ǵʦȥʼ½ʼ½Žĵãʶˣ
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¡¡
վûʯͷƤŴƣ⣬ԼһƣԻɱ󲿷޼ǿߡ
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Ʒ֮֮ʧ
ûһˣûһʬ壬·ԪƾʧѾճɳ
ܡһñҪһ֡
¹ѩλʵлᣬǹУˣˣ
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󣬻ðɣ档
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˸ϽΧһٴУһһħǿߡ
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Ӱȥ٣ټ׽͸
ѩȻοһֱۣۣǷƵ𣺡ħʿԻаԺлᣡ
ħС֮ƣһʧ
Ůʿ˭ҲҴ⣬˴˷˭֪Ǹħǿߣ
ӽ¹磬Ӱд½㣬ʵ֮УǿһˣǸԪҲʵôжѲ
Իʼ½Žɵţǰ޼һҲԴﵽƺʼ½ǻᣬҲ˽ʼ½һЩţԪ
֮еİ¹ûлʼҹҲ˿ӣֻһŮǿߣָһ㣬ȥ˸ղٶȡӦԳҲίʵЩʵѴﵽϹŶ̶ֳȣӣҿǽãǾǧɣħ޼ڡʥ籩ҲϯٻĴ½
ŴҪǧɣŴӴ֮ǽϻذٻĴ½л⣡
ǧڰٻĴ½ұµ۹½һ½̫ңԶʱƱضľ֧ӦΪֳﱸʱħս˭˼ЩС

ŮʱʶĿ⽻㣬ǴһӢ
һƺսںϵգ磬ȻҲ顣
һЩŴǿߣִ˸֣˷Դ


1165 
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һЩִߣĿ罣ս֮УȻһЩīʿ
Щīʿһī̴񣬲öס󲿷òǿٶһƬ˳塣
ʥǿߣ
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ɱˣʣһˣǲɱˣħͷȻ֪ħ½ħμƻ
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鴦ʮִƯǰΪΧһ߲㡣
ƽҲУоŴһЩϡ̫ϴϡ
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ס֮ˣǰ֮һĸԫһڶʤͷħĸ֡
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¸ԫִ֣ЩߣҲǼΪ׵ġ
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ɻȶȥû˲䲻ħӦ϶˵ظΧ
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һִ߸ֽкãϴ󡮿齣ꡯȻף
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һ䲻⣡

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ѪӰֻһһƣͽƷɣ
ѪӰߣԪʵòԫſͷ
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һ̣ԫϷӡȻˣΪģӴԺΪħʵһշ죡
Уû뵽ңԪǱЦݡ
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ΧͻȻɱһƬơ
Ϊ߾Ϊ׵һȺˡ
סһţҲС
ɫƶһƣЩûħƣɱߣ֮λǰҵˣ
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ಣ
ħ湥ƣͻȻԪԾŸԫ
ҵƤߣ״ŴţԪȥ·ס
ԫף𸣵ؾţס
˭֪ԪҲһƳףףҼǵܸһԻʼ½棿
ʶ棿ֵףԼΧž㵡
棡
֮ǰû֪ЩŲС
֮ǰ棬ôһ컯䣬Ϊͷˣ컯Үʺơӵȵһš
컯ѹ޼ɾһ棬ͷ˲š
֮󣬺ʵţԱͷѹƷͷ
һͻȻðţĿ֮£ԭӵа޼޼档
ԪЩɱڵĿ⣺βʶԻʼ½ţҲǶ򶫹Žɵӣû뵽һʼ½żüãһ棬𣬶յҶԣµŰܱŴҲûʲô˲𣡡
ףһԳе֣Ҳòϣҵȷ֣һǿߣаػУ
Ǻǣ˼ħսҿмＸ

Ԫ˵꣬һѿڣ븶ԫʧ
ӦҪΣִϣɱħͷڲħ֮Уպ
жʱһӣžӢǰ˷ۼִߣһ塣


1166 ֵĿ
ȪɽһУȴһϼ⡢ڷ֮е˫ͫ۵ס
˫ͫˣȪɽ
ӲǶʤݣ
ңң֮⣬ӦǳҲƷ֮⣬Ӻγɡ
ƷһŰ쵱ʯƯǳ
һ׵ӣƯǺ֮УΧǺӷ籩
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û뵽λǺ֮Уһλ磬Ʒ硭ӵָһ塣
С֣֡
ż΢ЦתϷǸǺӣЩǿߣҲӦõ˰ɣ

˵꣬ʮսϷǺ֮УȻһƬУƬǳʽԻΪ촷ۡ
һŮӳˣһɫź磬ǳ·һֻֻɫë׶Ʈ
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ͻӼŮ˫һͬƷȥ
ʮŮӣʮսǺ֮Щ籩ƷԽԽ

ʤݣһˣ
ʦ𣬼Ȼӵŷּھɱ֮У澹Ȼȥˣ޼ĺѩ˽ˣǱ½õһ½ԴҲ̺С
սݱ°˷ħʥ񷡣
˷ܼ¶ǿߡ
һƲУϰԻ𸣵ǿߣԭʥͨǧĺѩҲС
ͨͻȻʾԭʥǰǧĺѩ
Ϊ𸣵ţҲǵ߲ԭʥɭɭ˸âһ·׷ɱˣֱ½˭֪ǱߣôЩ꣬Ȼ޼˵õһ½Դ
ǰԸǻڣܼԦһЩ½ԴŽŴֻɱŴ½Դؾֵͨ޼ͨ
ҪȥΣҲףΪžŴͬӵġʥ򡯣ִ߽ȥҲҪõɣóóȻȥ²У
ħͷʥвָ֣ɱ壬Ųִ𣿳ɱȥˣ
ʦ˵ĺܶԣ׷ɱһδδǱ½׺׺½ǻ׷ɱʼ½ڶʤݣò´ˣִ֣֮Ҫɱ
ǧĺѩҲǰԭʥȰ˵
ֹȻ۰򣬽һ京ŵĻ
û뵽ǧĺѩһţԭʥעȫϣȻףǾͳһУС򽻵ȥ֮Ϊʦһֻ֮ҪҵϢܲˣ֮УҲбŲո߲㣬˶ǣκβӣҲи߲űҵȣ
ҵȻϤϣңû˽Ӵ˻ǸˣҾʶˣʦģǧĺѩȲȰ
ȥ壡
ԭʥתʥɽһٶ໯𸣵ؾӢƺƵ塣


1167 Զʯ֮
ͨƳԭʥҲ࣬ĺѩĺã˫֮ȻѾֲԭʥڣ޷ֵ֮
żֵ⣬ǧĺѩҲлӦ紫ͨ򵥵һ֮Ҳ޷ǿߣߣʲôʦȨЩŮӣɽŮӣԳΪ󹬡
ͨοͨŮˣк³ǿһЩɱ棬츳һУԭʥУƷ¶ҵģ
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ʱҲһ
ʮסգΧһЩħѪš
һһŮ壬½ţӹӡ
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¹ӫʵ磬ô棿ɱ֮£Σ֮ǰأݵÿΪʦδʽʽҲûȨȥڲ
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Ϊһ磬ϾǷڲԴзء
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ţһδ߶Сǧ
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ΪһӰ
Ϊһߣû뵽Ȼһʮҵˣ̷ٴһ
ŷǳͨһۣҲһװΡ
һǿ־𣿡ͻȻ֣ɻ
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һЩһ㣬½һ㲻˼а棬ʣնյһƬƬΪҽֽŻ֮ճһƬһƬһɫߡ


1168 Ը˵
̫ˣЩˡ
һЩѪս֣ЩѪ˳ͷۣеľ޴ɽһץͽսռץƬ
Ѫ˱ЩøľսǰǸͨʿԺЩսӦֻһ⾳
ͻȻѪ˳֮ʣһԳɱˡ
Գһͷ׷ţֲ޴壬ѪǰСһЩ
ԳʵǳǿȥһƣͽѪԴץ飬һײͽѪʬսһͬײ顣
սΪƬѪˡԳЩǺɵĺڶ֮Уɱš
ˡ
ֵ濴һʱսͻȻʧ
ԺָֻԪƺղֻһξ
֪˭
벻
ǰǸˣȻ֪ʲôʱ˫ͫ棬ʦҵܵ
ƺ˻ʶ
浱Ӧȭף棬ݼǰ
ȵȣ棿ݱ£Ҽǵһֱڳ˯֮УǴδս֮ǵұѪ塯ɱ
˷·䣬˫ͫ˸һâ
Ǵδս
Ѫ壿
ȫԷ˵ʲôֻĬĬȴ
Ͼˣܾʯܹؼ
úֻһһϢ
֮ӰƮ죬棬ĨϡĿ⣬Ȼ֮УȻһĨ𾪣ӣϾȻһöӣ
⡭ǰնɽʱٹ콵һԪȻ˵ʲôӡ
ͶأһһʮҲӹ̸֪Է
ΪоûΣϢӸоһ˿а
ؼһ㣬ҪٽҲܴʯ֮ߣڴˣ̹档
ʲôûڳĬæʵ
ӾͬطЩɽˮϣЩʧֻ֮ᴫĺۼǴӣӾһִУڻףֻһ컯ʿ
˲һӣҲûӣֻԷǳֱ򵥵·ʦ˵̣Ҳ޷
޷
ӵߣһзǳˣԼУҿϡ
˵Ŀ⣬ʱȻǿһЩɨ棬ٶȺȻ
ԣһֱϢ͸ȫ
Ȼô౦ǿһֲܵõӣȻ˲˵֮еѪݡ
ƺ˿ЩʲôȻٴ¶㵣ȻɽɽΪϵɽҲϣ
ɽɡ
Ǹ㵣ȴ𺳡
ɶ֣ϤͻȻ뵽СǴμ⽣ᵽ
ԭ⽣ɽ
Ϊɽץסʱ䣬ʡ
ϹŴ˵֮еĴڣҲ֪ԺȥЩͥӦþ𽥻ϤһԸ㣬ɽһѣֻõһѣȻɽҲ֣ܳһѽ٣˵ĳǴ˵֮еĴڣڱ֮Уû뵽ڷ磬һϣܼǰ޷Ķ
һɽǰǰǰ
䣬Ѫ֣֮ҵĽ٣Ҳҵʹ˻ɣԼʹΡ
û뵽źоԼֱ̫Ŀ졣
˴ŹģǷݴݣҡҡͷûʲô䷴ǽҲǿʼҲǵһμӣʿõ˵пܣδҲͨĳЩʽƷ֮Сˣ֮УһȻɽҲ֪
˲ӵؽ
֮УĪһƹײĵĶп֮࣬뵽ʯס
ţƹײĵ⣬Ϊ޷͸Ǿһ챦ˣɽ֮ͥɳԶŶٱû˿һ֪
̾Ϣˣһ컯ʿȻӵô챦ɽףĽˣȻӵеѪĪϵúúϧգаɣڷ˵ԣҲӦǴ˵֮еɽɣ
ͻȻҵѪݣʵѪҲи֪÷ǳǰ֪ѪεȲ
㲻֪ҲӦõģãã磬Ƿ硢ɽ磬ѪأԼϡ٣ֻഫţҸ㣬Ҳֻͽհˣʲô֪޸ȥУŶԵĴӡ
֪ΪΣǰ;÷ǳϤǰ֮УʯĿǰôЩʯһǰУ
Ӧ𣿡
ǰ
ʯ񡭡ܸоĪ𣬻Ǵδս֮У
ǰҲ֪
ֻһʶʯƶɣһ֣ͬҵ־ʯڵⱣҲ޷ʯӦҲգܱ漣ˣ


1169 ǰԻ
ʯ񾿾ܣƷֲǷ
ʱƳһλ˵ģҲǷʯû󷨣ûκƵۡƣȻɣһ֮УıʵҶԣֻǰߣ
ߣ
һˣֻߣ
ͷǾˡ

Ӧ˾ˣ
ؽֶΡ
ʯѣĲʯƲϣҴһԶʱ֮أżȻģҲ֪ǺʣҲԵҲ˵
˺Ȼ˵âʼʱ䲻ˣһ̣ʯҲ־ѣ˵Ҳûع޻֮Уɢˣǰɣúʯ񡣡
ǰμԦʯ񣿡
Ҫ־ɢˡ
꣬侲Է֪
ʯ޶ֻһ߶ѣУԼȥŪңԼȥŪס
ǰԵǰγƺ
ͽǰɣˣҲԵƺδһп˭֪أ
ˣ
˵һ䣬ͻȻԷһ㣬ڷ֮С
ǰ
ӣ
ʶ֣ȥҪֹǹɻ档
ӵ౦ɽһǡѡ㣬˼顢˼顭
ǰ޵شӱ֮
ͷơȥ赲Ըо棬·𲻴һ㡣
һнԻΪһġ
ڱ֮У·ͳΪΧ־ںϣһʱǿڲ磬ֻڡ
ƺǰĲԪ񣬸оκĪǵۣǸΪ־
Σǰˣһˣϧʲôûץס
ʯԼʯһʯһõɼ֮Ȼף
տյʯڲռ䣬𺳱飬òܵ
ȻʲôҲûˣʯڲһ硣
ɽ޼ռ䣬ҲܸоƷ־ʯڲ޷ӦƷĴڣƺʯڲԳһ硭
λǰʧ
֪ʯ棬ʱʯڲ磬Ȼú棬һƹδ֪ϲá
ߣǰɽ֮⣬ǲߣôʯ񣿡
ú޷ףʱٴ߶Сǧʶʯڲߡ
ȻͷκȻ״̬ʯУȻоʯ·һ㡣
ƺʯǻˡ
˸оǳʵֹƮ죬ԼҲš
ѰϢʶߣָоߡ
Ҳ֪ãȻ䣬һЩ޴磬ʵһϪȻʯλòࡣ
ʯûϣЩ糤ӣֱ£֯ᴩʯڲʯЩ֮УϡܿһЩ·ھֹ
Ȼ̺һЩϢĪʯǰߣѳ
֣Խʯ̫֣
ˣ
һ̣
ȫĽţǺʯڲ硣
ȻҲѧҲ޲Ƕǰʯԣ޷͸һ˿һ
ɼ֮˵Լѧ
޷ϵǣʱʶʯڲһȻһ˿˿أӿЩ֮С
ʲô⡭ʱΣա
ʶΪһƣӿʯ磬ѰʱӦǸо
ɵʶϰȥоһ˿ƣʶӦʱȻһۣܿ͸Щ޴
һۿڲ磬һۿԿ֮ǰԶʮĿռ䡣
ͷԪܿʯ磿
뷨ں֮󣬷еĸоĪʯںˣ󾪴ϲҲʼĦȭơ
һжȻֹסǰӰʯɼ֮Ҫںϣ֪Ķ꣬Ӫӡ賤
ԭʱδںϷϲöԴѹʶ뱾ںϣʼʯڰ롣
ˡ
磡
Ԩؽˮˮ硣
ڳԨؽˮ֮еʯϷƯȭͷС޼͸ЩȻ춯
ڲһϹݡ·۵ò᣺ӦҪˣ
ʯü˼Ϸ棬ȻһȴʯüģǺʣӿԪԼľ⡣
ЩؽΧԨؽˮ𿪣Ȼ˰ԵԨؽˮɵȴ޷赲ʯǹɾ
ĪǾǡͨУַһ˿ʯεȴڡ϶˵ϹݿǾ
ԪϢ뾫ںϣӿʯüĵʱ
澹ȻҲûκζڴʱȻչ˫֣Ȼ󷽵¡
ֱ˯ʯüϡ
⶯ʯͬһޡ
ôˣϴôˣ˵ȴӭ棬˭֪Ūɻ
ϴҲ޷֪Ҳҡҡͷ

ţͻȻһ֣һ


1170 ʯ
ҶҲʯںϣ
һָͻȻһ
ž
ţȻָ׵飬ţҲúһ
ߡţһϹ俴Լú붯֡
ͱϴŮˣұʵǿ㻹һ֣氵Ȱţ֡
˫Ŀٴο·ʯ
ȻȻ˯ھüģھΧ֮£˫ۣһƾ˫ͫ䣬ǰЩԨؽˮ׷顣
ˣĿ֮ҲبϢƺһ˯ɣһꡣ

ոۡ
·ʣǵʯ沿ϷͻȻʼѡ
ŵ漯ԪһƳʯϷʴ飬ƬҰ롢䡣
Ȼһ˫ɫӣû˿ѪɫʯͷӣȻҲ
ôһۣ³һ쿴ʯ񣺡ղ˫ۣоһңƺһġ
˼Ƭ̣ͻȻ˶âںϸоƺʲôʯͻʲôһղ˫ۣʯҲ˫ۣվ֤Ҳ²⣬ʯҲӦվ
һ쿪ͷԺӿ
˺ЩϹݵͷԪ
޼ͷ⣬ʼˡ
Ȼüվ
Ȼ󡭡
ȴţ
꣡

ʯ˫Ǳʣǳ̣ﲻֳʼ̶̳ȡ
Щ㣬˫￪ʼ飬֮ǰһѿٴ֡
γ𵴣ΧԨؽˮԼΧȻҲó˺ѡ
ռ侹ʯʣ˺ѣʯôˡ
˺Ѳ̫࣬ʯزӡ沿Щ㣬ҲһƬһƬʼѡ
ѵʯ񡭡Զ챦
Զ޼ڣһ˫˫Ŀ⣬Ҳ㵵شǰ
Ϊ߻ڳκ˶˽ⶫʤݣһͷˮ֮
¡
ʯϰͻȻ飬֮ͬǰ˯üǰ㣬˫Ӵˮ׳֮У
֮ʯ˫ЩŵĳʣҲѡ
Ȼˣʲôʯʲôƺ
һĻ֮ǰ뷨Ȼͬһޡ
ֿϲѣǴɻ󣺡ƺ׺Ϊߡ棬桭
˼ʣ
һ˫˫Ŀⲻ
Ǿ˴Ƭ֮Уˮ㣬һվɾ޴ʯ˰ǧɣ
ţ֣ʯǰҲֻһСӡ
ʯվڵԨؽˮ֮УվԨؽˮ𵴣ٺ˾𣬻Ϊˮӿˮ档
˾ض̫пܱˮЩִ߲
ûȥЩ˴Ҳ·ֹͣ
þÿŲʯˣ˵һ֡
Ȼʯȫѣվܾܲһɣ
һѡ
İϤ񣬴֧ͬصʯ
룬һʱҲûа취޼ʱѿʼ
ڲ̫ɳϲ˵õ챦ŴִôҲû뵽Ȫɽʯ񣬾Ȼ챦ˣǿȥʯȡ
ʯҵģҲû˿ߣȴǳ侲Ҫ侲֡
ʯβܽʯڣ
ȻߣʲôʲôҾ͵ǺӣԹԽڣ
ôʲôҲ򵥣ǰҲ˵ˣһߣαľѼ򵥸ɸӣ
ɲǴȭͷ
ʯ£ʯС˵ʯʯ治棬ͱСģصڣ
ϴ𣿡Ψ棬ʯ˵ʲô
ͦεģҲ֪͸档
ҲУ챦һ仰ͱŪˣţԣǼٵġ
Ȼ
¡
ʯǧ֮ΡȻ𵴡
Ҿ֮Уһ˫˫Ŀ£ʯȻ˲ٿһ죬ʧ
գʯͲˣ·ƾոˣ
ʯأ
ţֶѰʯ
Ŷ
ţҲѰʯ񣬽
оʲô
̯һʯУ˯ġ
ˣˣݵļֶʯԺǻ˵ڣܲʱ̴ɣ
浱ʯһӣһߣ
û뵽
˼һĻٴγˣʯȻƮ̲濴£һ䡣
ȻȻһҽ𹳣Դ£һӷ˯ˡ
Ҳ˯ţֻŽסʯһƷԵüΪͨ
ֻǵƣеˣ
ñðɣȻϻصڣҲͦõģú´棡ƺһЩǰĻΪߡ
棬棬б֮УΪĴڣ֮е棬ķڷ
ͷƿ޼һӻص֮С
ʯ񣿲ܰɣǧɾްԣɰС񣿡
Ѱʯ񣬻С񣬾㵺һҲʯ


1171 
ʯһӱС˭һӽܣ
˵ʵʱҲȻһš
ţҲ֣ƽʱκ飬ȤڻһϹݣҲʱʱ࿴С
ʧȥʯǴˮףƬԼһξ޿ӡ
ϧԨؽˮû˿Ȼ˷ﻹһʯ
ΧԨؽˮҲʯˣ濴ʯ쳣ûпִܱ߲
ϵӦòܣԨؽˮˮ±ͺˮʱǲӿû˻עЩִҲ뵽˻ڵԨؽˮ磡
λжԶ
Ӧûм죬˼һЩˮУԼˮ´Ͽȣһˮ¾޴ɽΣ
ҺúϢǼ
ָһ㣬һʱ䣬Žʯȡ
ʱʣ࣬뾡ȥΡ
濪ʼɴ鵤ҩҲõϢ޼ֱˮǰС
ûָ۷״̬ЩƣӦǰİԨؽˮ磬һˮɽչһǡ
ʱĤ֮£ӡȻһʹȻȲʥǰ㷴Ӧˣ˵ǰˮɽ֮УȻڡ
ݻڣ֪ǰɽΡ
ֹȥһᣬżǰɽȷһȻɽ壬֪ʯǺεȼ̣λڵԨؽˮݣȻûбʴ
Щʯִоܶ꣬ǵóˮɽ󲿷ԨؽˮϢںϣɽ̶̳ȣҲȰƷƷν̵ʯ֮һ
νΣʱδоϢɽ·
ΧҲһЩϿȣʱˮд𣬾ˮִˮȥ
ʾ£ٿһЩΧ·Ҫס㿴ЩˮһЩѣǾɽεײ͸ڲ󷨿ơ
ȻһˮʱܼһԼԼ˸˿˿⻷
·ȥ
ԼĪɽѿʱ͸Ԩؽˮܿڲѷ֮УһЩԼ˸š
ȲԦŵѽ
ԽɽԽǸоһ͸Ž׺󣬵֮еĵԨؽˮϷȻһ˹ӵأӵϷһ硣
ϷΣ
żּɵǰǴڲ·û뵽һ죬ܴΣ
£ӵ֮Уһȴ󷨷ӡԨؽˮ޷󷨡
ϷѲߣ׼ֽΡ
Ž磬ָһ㣺ÿһִ߿󷨣һֵԨؽˮӿڲȥĥЩˣ껹ʮ꣬ӦûִߣײѺҲ˵ǿߣ
ϴ㿴ӵһԨöʬǡͻȻʾ
˳ȥһȻ˹ӵһԨ澹Ȼѻ׹ǡ
ǲΪȻǱĥɱķˣͱԨɵԨؽˮʴ
عžˣ˴쳣ǿǼ˱֣˺ѳһӣܴ߶޼̫һǿߣ
ҸȷԸ㶨
û뵽ţֵԸ£
ӣʱ߶·Ž硣
̣
ţֱۣ׳¿ɼħɷӿľ
ָץȥͻȻѰָ֮У罣㣬ָס
ָ׾ӥצţ岢δֱָһѪ磬ڲѪɫħɷʼߡ
ָָҲ˶ѪɫţҲݱ
ƺʱΪһħ֡
Сġ
桢úˣ
ϹݡҲòɢ
꣡
ţѪɫָ⣬ǿͬʱ罣֮Уû뵽ִ˵Ĵơ
׼
ͷŰԵơ
ĿţָΧһѷ졣
ţٴηԼγһѷ죬ͻȻ߶޼һĨϼ⣬޼ţָѷ죬͵ǿд͸
һƬ·𽫽
ǹ޼ʧڵԨؽˮ֮УһƬҰʪɽڲռ䡣
ಣ
޼ʧӰ
ģ￴Χֻһռϴɽɽ֮ЩĻ֮ء
ǽ½磬ѰҰûж֮ͬ
֮ҲһЩаԼѪϢоǳѹ֣֮пʼӿ졣
һ˫עŰ˷һǣǰǴܶҶûȥȥҲûãܹķˣ˼ִ꣬Ҳв
˾Ϊ˾ˣСģ棬һҪʱʱ̸̿ӦִϢˣ
潻һɻ·ʼ
߳⴦ɽһɽռ䡣
Ȼһ޽¡ͱϵʯΣһӾͽĿ


1172 ǰ޼ھͷ
ʯҲֻһɴ󣬺ǼªһڲֻʣйǣǽϲӵзϢ·һЩԨؽˮЩйǣ²֮󳹵׻ữΪ
濴ЩǣԼܿʯϴĿĵץۣйࣺһǿߣֵطܿܣǿ£
ǰ˻ţҲִ֪ߣҲӲעЩ·
ͨͶˡ
ֹʯ״ɽ֮䣬ԽԽ࣬ʯǽڵºӵϷ
¾ǵԨؽˮڰӿ˵һ飬ЩԨؽˮӿɽ
˴ŽǰУȻ䣬һʯγˣȻɽ£Χʯ
ʯ֮дһ
ʯǰһ˫ѪǣڵԨؽˮ֮еߣ˫ȡ˫ֽԱס
Է䲻٣ùǱצס޷Ϣ
˫ץץʯڣǰϣץۡ
ʯڣǲͷҲ̫ץۣϸϸһȫǡ

ǿߣȴʱʱ̿ܵĥɱҲһ¡
ϹҲ΢΢죬ͫӣһħǿߣΪ޼䣬ϧ˲飬޷洢Ҳˣֻ
ִ⴦Ρħǿߣ˵ˣȻޣȻǿơ
ǸӦ˰ɣ˾Ȼʮ
ڿЦ
ߣ
ħǿ߾ִߡ
ǰŵǰУû뵽һɽʯΡ
һʯʣƬ׹ǣһиˡ
ȥϷĪа賤ȳûٹעˡ
ٴξʯΣ֮˶ˡ
ȻһʯΣرڲͬ˾ʱ࿴ۣ벻м߰׹ǣһ˻š
˽̤ʯζʱĿͻȻ棺ˣ뿪Ҫһˡ
ȵȣ˼ת£һɶ·ʯδ
һһߣģ޷壬˫ҲڵԨؽˮвٸöߣ˫֡˫ȴ󲿷ֶڶ״档
ü˼ҪŻ¡
ΧЩ׹ǣ󲿷ֶãӰ׹ǿʯǰٹѺʮˣµ񣬾ʣôһ˻š
ǰ
ſոȴΧʬһЩϢ𾪺Ȼ̺޼ھ
޼ڣ޼ǿߣؿ
濴֪𣿡
Ҳǧ꣬ҲִֻѲߣѺ֮˶ʵǿĴڣ֪ˣ˵ûһ˿ͷԷҡҡͷ
ʯߣˣηһΧЩʬǣܿ޼ڹΪˣҲ޼Ǿǲǣ
溳ȻףֱˣǰҲ޼ǾǱִ˴Ӱ˷½ץ޼ɢ޾ͷ
˵ˣҲ˵ˣ
·ǳȷ޼ʿȴ޼ɢ޾ͷ
̫ף˽Զݺ棬һ޷֪
ͻȻף¶һֻѮƶѪɫգϷǰ޼ʿ

š
ǰ޼ʿ
ôܣ
һʿǾͷ֮Ҳ٣ܴﵽ޼䣬׻ꡣ
ƷǿߣҲ̫ࡣ
Ȼֻܻ꣬дµƷ磬ҲҲһǰĴڡ
Ƿħۣ
ȻţҲ㡣
ţִʱҲ߷ǳ棺࡭
Ҳעţϣ˭ɣǿϢħɷ
ţĴָԼһָţ֣ү˵ȷҲ
ͷţ֣ǰڰٻĴ½캣ʥ½ķȻִܼû뵽߾Ҳ˵ţ֡
ǰǰ޼ǿߣͻȻ档
߲֪һͦΣ٣٣Ҿ޼ʿ޼ڱŴִִݻ٣Ҳ޼ʿû뵽Ǽ˾ȻΣֻܼٴĥ޾ʹ࣬ǵȴĵдõ͸㣬ҪҪ
ҪˣҪҵˣ
˭֪
ͻȻվ˺󼸲ΧˣΪӻ賤ȻҲҪȸǿߣǰ޼ʿǻԵӴ˿ʼʽˡ
ԾײˣЩŹؽӦڵһ㣬ھˣִܱܿ߷֣
ΣǾɱǱǣ滹Ҫǰǰͷβ
ԣϴڿʽִ˿չ򣡡


1173 ͷ
ǵ÷ֿ£ɣţ桢ĴǱϲȳӡ賤޼ʿԼзˡ
ٺ٣ȴľڣ
˵ģ
ٳɡ
ţ桢һȥں׷
·߼ΪȻСӣĹ粻ߣֶεǸִ˵̣Ȼִ˶Ÿɣ
Ÿâ棬ǰԣȻ֮е¼
ҡͷЦ㻹˵ϷȥҲʯӲȣԴﵽƷϣ˺һܴʯΣϷȥҲ޷뿪Σ֮ǿأħȦǿһԽ󲿷ֵĴڣ
Ϊһ컯䣬ȷ޷Ӫǰǰۿģ
ʾϹݺһЩ
ΪӦ˷ϻ۵ϹݣˣӲ뾪ִߣȥ󷽹עΧ
ɽ
кȻһ⽣
Ȼ뵽֮ǰʯڲλǰ
ḧ⼣߰ߵıԺȻӿһӵٻӰ
ԺСˣҶ϶ģһҵ
ڻ뵱꣬һɽСһԾɡ֣ʱһδɵⷽ桭
˼ʣĿͻȻ¿š
ݣ
һǴ̳
꣡
û뵽ӲƷţȴ⽣ɽ£һһӡ
һӽѱһӡ
·λߣǰһ̻աɴʱվѪǳ˫֧塣
𺳣ϷһԾ¡
ͻȻ꣬סϣѵѵײӭ棺һˣһ꣬ˣ
Ŵִ˲·޼ڣȥѪծѪ
أͻȻ籩֮еļ磬ɭɭߺ󷽡
߱ùǶ棬綾Ѫ⴦ڸʴ״̬·Ԩؽˮɥҹҹܾĥ
ꡭ
ɱɽ
ͷȴ⼣߽߰£һһ顣
ˡ֨֨
ƬԨؽˮһˮ
סùצѪںһ壬ȴԼӱȡ£Ϊӥ֮צ
ʹҧгݣΣָɣһָʵ죬һҪԾצִˡŴ𡣡
ͻȻץҩԼǰ߰ɣʱȣһҪˣ
öñСǼʱ꣬оǣŵҩֱһڸ˲١
ֵͷŲǣϻǣûȵ죬һиң֧ҵϣҵΪǺúûš
ಣ
ͷâϷ

֮߼޷վֱע޼ϧ
߶ʱһЩ
ֱ棺û뵽컯䣬޵˳桢ۺ޼Ľ죬Ȼţǰ޼޼ʥеһȣ
޼ʥ
ǰ޼䣿ǱȻţǧһͳɳ½˷ŷɥ滹Ϊͷ
ͻȻ˺һǿľˣ󲿷־ήˣֵãȥ˰ɣ
ͨ£κ˶
ϹŶȻؾˣ
ɲ𣬶һ־η
޼ʿκ˵һӡ󣬾аȻߣȴȻ֮С
ûִϢϹݴһ
ֱͻȻֵϹݣŪ棺һŮӣϢ䡭
ϹףǰΧ౻ǧ꣬µǿߣ
ǲ̫ȥˣ꣬ΨһôŪԨΣж˱Ǵ·
ָһЩߣԽ
֮·£һͦɽռ䣬һɽڲϿȣ
Ͽ£Ȼ޽һʯΣԼǧ֮࣬ҲһЩΡ
ȴֻ˻ţ󲿷ʯûκʿϢ
Σ
˾ҲһʯΣڲȴһߣһˣҲǶãǱԨؽˮʴȲֻʣѪǡ
һ桢Ϲݡ֣߳Ȼ˾סһʼ𵴡
һƳˣδκץͨѰɽ̫ˣ
߽ܴСӡ򵺴½һɢޣǧǰأ˭û¾͵͵صר͵˼Ůϴ裬ѹǧ꣡
˶ʱðɣϲģɱڱ˵ҰǶദǧѣûô˵ģ


1174 Ӫһǿ
ı˵㣿˵㣬˻˼˵ɫҵͦģ꣬˾Ҳζ
ϲģס죡
һϹʱ˼ֿͣ棺С磬پҳȥ
ʱǰ㣬ϳ֣˫ͫӿ֣ҾҲУŴִ˵УŹ㣬붫ʤݣԺҪϣ
ҴӦ㣬ȻǶһӪŴִݲµˣӦŽӴӦˡ
ݣ
ɽһ缲ҹߡ
꼸˲䲻ӱϣҲ˲顣
ҵţأȻʹ಻ѣȴָɣʹա
æһԼӣ߳
ӻָˣ
ҲǾȳ
С磬ǣǣ
˭֪
ԭϿзˣԼԪ񣬸Ӧעһһ
Ҳ֮ǰֻǾһˣִйأڼӱȳָɣ˻š
Ԫ񾫹⣬ҲΧ渲Ƕ
濴Щ⣬һ˵Ԫ
ô죿ôһʱҲڴſ档
쳣侲˫Ŀҹ֮еĺǣҾǿԣûκˣǳԺҪ֣Ҫң붫ʤһ̣ԺҪҺ
У
ҴӦ
ҲӦ˭ִ̫רᣬΪƷִߣǵԴ
û뵽䣬ûκһԥԵӦҪ
ˣ˱֮УҪһ࣬´档
û⣬Щ˲ܾȳˣҵýʯѪɫ֮У÷Ȼ뵤ҩϣӳָܻһЩ
Ϲݻߣɳ֮ʣʼóԴͶѪɫࡣ
ѪɫһԷκʵı
ҳȥ
պҲ༸ϷλʯʯΡ
һ߹УţѪⶼһĥƺоʹ
꣡
һųƬɢٳʯڣסڵһʱžžϿ
־أ߸ؾڵϣ˫ӯ
ಣ
ҲʯιѺ֮ˣƷ緸˺εȴʯξһɱϢͽ˾ȳ
Ϲȳʩչۼһ飬˼鵤ãóʯǡ
һЩ߾鵤ʯγѪ
ɫ
ϲģû뵽һ̤ײģܵȵһ죡
֮ԽԽ࣬ۼ뿪شÿ˼ߣ˭ǿͿͬѡ
ѪħϢ
˿̣һʯǰ
ʯιѺ֮ˣȻһߣϢǿ
ȻҲ״̬̺һЩ
࿴Ϣ֮УӦѪħϢ
ҳԺҸ㣡߹ϵسš
ħ½ʿ˽Ѫħӳɽ
ܿѪħƷûмˡ
ԷҲ࿴
ʱɫ·ովȳǿߣһħʿ㳯˵ħ½ɢޡĦ졯Ƿħ̫ϴϣ֪Ϊγ߷ħڣִ֣֮
Ħ죡
ħ̫ϴϣ
ƷоŴħҲзħڣԹƷδħΪħڣħһʵŴ൱ġ
û뵽ﾹȻһħڵ̫ϴϣ
ɫԼݣҿԼܣò죡û밢Ħ첻Ӻɫ
һƶϰĦҪһϢħ֮ǰħڸ𣬶ħһͳħ½
ˣ㿪Цɣָ֮ȴ廹ֹͣİĦ죬һҲš
Ҳ귢£ħǿ߸޼ɵɱ붫ʤݣƻһ棬ħֶʤݣֺ޼ɵˣ
ħڣһˣħڶҶԣû壬˾ˣ
Ħ쵹Ǻܿ侲
ŴأԼܿǿߴһ
ûˣַȥϿʼӪˡ
ްһн죬쿪۰밢Ħ졣
ҪأҪղĹϵ
ЩˣԱǧ꣬ٴν²ͬһطҲնϵϵ
꣡
־ȳһߣ
ܹײ֮ˣΪҲ޼ϣеΪǿ
Ȼ飬ήֻҪڣδȻԻָ۷塣
Լһʱû뵽Ѿȳٶˣʣ¼һˡ


1175 
ϢϤϢǶʤݵϢ
ʱһϷͻȻʯ֮УӦֻжʤʿеǷݸɾϳϢ
һԷҲڴ
ҲһߣѮ£ûħҲûжϢ·סƺûжꡣ
˿ɾȲã
밢Ħҡ
ǶʤʿȻ֪ԭ
ԶʤݣǽһȣҲ֪ǣ˾һǣӻǷǳִˡ
·ߵһЦ˵㣬һǸһѡϣҾȣӴԺҪңȻҲ
Ȼ˵ݣίʵüû뵽Ц£Ϸ򷸴˵أҲֻǧ꣬ǧָ֮ɣȣ
Ħ첻мԳΪγڶʤݵʿЩ˸߳һأǾͱ
߰ɣˣ档
ȵȣͻ·ǿߣҵѣǾҵĵˡ
˼Ħһ·֪ʲô˼
תǶʤκ˶Ӧ£ǺãҾ£˵ʹ࣡
ǶʤݣһҲȥ·ΣȻǸ߸˵ģ
Ҷ
ͻȻ𣬸ոǿס
ֳһʯ֮еǿߴ׼ãʤҪ͸һݴ񣡡
û˼Χ

׳ٿŵҩ޼Ʒʡ
ڴ߶Ԫ󷨡ѪħԼ츳
һɰ֮ǿй·Ρ
ΪħѪħĦʱΪεʩչͨ
ȴϢ֮Уһ˿˿þ
̣
·Զʤǿߣ徹ȻӿѪɫ֮
޷ƣһѹһ˳
ЩڶǿǰӡӿϷһſŵҩںϡ
ͨħֶλҪӷҪʲô
ߣҲľͷ˽澪Ϊˡ
ǰˣǶ޷ֶΡ
Ρ

ܴһͷϣգ鵤ںϡ
úСӣһᱻʬΣЩаħҲк³
·ǿ߲ţѪƤⶼήΪѪɫϢһſ鵤֮С
һĻҲΧЩǿߣ̵ĲֶΣݲǿߵǡ
֨֨
Ȼ
Ҳ˯֮С
ȴͻȻʲôӡ飬һа񣬳ħȻһȻһͬӿ
ǿ߿š
Ħ쾪Ϊͬʱӵħɲһʿǰ㣬ͬʱħӵе
ˣƺӵħһȻޱȡ
Щ鵤մ˴󲿷ȥںϣָܻһЩԼ
ƺӦĳֶȻΣȥ֮ǰٿ鵤ϴѪɫľںϡ
һſŽ𵤷һǿߣһַһЩȻڵ֮еǿߡ
꣡
ǿ߷ץס鵤ûĴڡ
ֻȻߣ˲ġ
֮ȥˣϹǿ֮УҲӦ˷
Ѫɫ࣡
ӣúú
ؿռ֮У߱룬ͳŰʶƿڴ
һĨϮôҲһͷأ
ԸаħʲôԷɰȻ
䷢ʣңΪѪ֮УҪӡ㱾ںħ
ҶʤӵطͨʲôϷΪҪ㣿ߺЦ
֮һĿЦݡ
߶ѪɫࣺҾͳȫ㣬ˣҲںһУҲħһУУһзҵģ˵ɾң
㲻ú׺䶥
̣
벻Ѫɫռ䣬û˿ͨ
Ѫɫѹߣӡ
֮ƤðһѪɫ̺ħ߿ʼ޷ֹ
汾һĶãʩչɽһǿ߲üʯ֮оȳ
ϴѸӦ賤Ϣӵ޼ޣ϶ӵд磬ҪӦѣ
ڴʱԭͶ
Ǻúúţȱܣȳӡ賤ʱȥ޼ʿԼˣ
ã
޵ʧ
̫ˣλڵԨؽˮɽ壬ڲռǳˣһʱǲȥϲռ䡭
жһֳ졣


1176 շ
ȻִˣҿǸߣϢڵԨؽˮԨһһʬǵϢǳƣ
ߺǡ
עһС
ȻҲ˲֮УѪɫĶ
Ԫ񣬿Ѫɫ࣬һӡһһߺǶ
ϸԱȣ淢Ϣȷ·ڰʬϵаϢǳƣǼȻںϡ
㡢ʬǵģֻʥУ㡭ϳ߾ߣһʬǣǴ㵡
˵ʬǣֻʥУǺǣǾˣ⴦ԨؽˮԨˮףģ
һ߾һϢ
ʥڲȻŸܡ
쿴ߣ㻹ʵʵһУҿԸ
߷ЦһΪףɣҲܻã㻹֪ƷǿߵִӵеǿߣԶǶ֣ǳ֣Ʒ罫֮
ţΰɣӡҽ컯ͻƶ쾳ʱȻҳɹͻƶ쾳һǿ󡣡
תԪͷŸ
дնûбֱںϣӡ
֮дô
ع鱾ʱ־ȳһˣ
ʣ¾ֻʮʯΣϿȣҲֻԨʯһ֣һڸ
ܾȶˣͶˡ
꣡
ɽˣԼõж̫Сˡ
һδʩչɽǳ϶ɽ޼̶ȣǧ򱶣
ʩչɽ⼣߰ߣһ˿пڡ
ˡ
滹ˣδȳ֮ʡ
û뵽ˣһ̣һ·ɽ壬ײΡȻֱ֮Ϸ
ˣ
ҲһǴȻڶһӿٶȾˡ
ÿһǿ߽ϿϷײͻȻһɺڰɫƣϷ粨ԲȦ·ɢ
ʱ³һЩʯЩɫ·ǿ˫ֱͷðǣֱѪ
Ԫ
Ҳɫû
ɫƲǿʢ絭һĻ
Ǿƣ֮󣬾ȻֱӹԺγһ̺ħĿԪԪ
ؽ̣Ԫ޷һ˲䣬оԼڰ֮С
˿£
ǺɫǹͶݶĺɫơ
Ϊ˾Ԫ̺ħ濴ǿߣκһ˽Ƿǳʹࡣ
ִڴ߷ϷħȦǧֻαԳΪ಻ϣ
ȳһǿߣŸм־Ͽ϶ˡ
ʱߣ˿еϲ밢Ħ졢ӵʮ֣һСӣǿܱ¶ˣħȦεһѹںΪһ壬˲ͷӦִڣΪǵһΣȻټ¶ˣ
£Ŀ⣬ȻЩѣ϶Ӫʱִ߷ˣ
ϲֵˣִ߽Ի˯ִ֮ߣΪ޼֮䣬ڲЩִߣҲԶԶǶ֣ⲿЩִɱûһ˿ϣ
ϲ㱻Ѻ꣬ʲôûģô죿ܸջָɣҪЩ˰װ׿ͷɣԼߣ׷׿ϲ
޼ڵߣƺĿУϵǿߡ
ϲ
ִܾ꣬ĥܻ꣬漣
Ŀ⣬Χ˷·һȺС
һִͣ潻֪һֲܵ
ڴ£ϢͻȻ棺˾ʱʱ˵װףҪǾϷ˵ǲϣ棬޼һߣ
ܲ򵥣˳ˮۡ˻һɫϹڰд
뵽Ҫģȷ򵥣治ǴˣðЩˣȻĿġǿߣˣΪõĻĻӦһ
˶ֳĬ
ͻȻԱһץץʯͷָһ飬һ۳ָ¡
ɫӿˡ
߸߾ɫӣȻɫ˵Ϲأǰ˭ʲôʱĥһѺѺСӮˣҰԼ뷨жˣԺһ˼ߣΪκΣ
⵹ǹƽѡǰδһҲ޻˵޳ɡ
ǱͿĥʱ䣬ҲûĦ츺˫֣֮У״̬һˡ
һߣϲȡɫӣףҪ󣬶ǳǴǾͰ뷨жСҵȸĸˣ


1177 ͭţ
ȻҪСӣӶЦ
λҪǴ£ͽɫӣֱʱſ϶ԼһС
һȺϹŶͷϲöĲɫԼˡ
˵ȥЦ
ϲȻصͷΨһǲĶǵʹ࣬޷ᣡ
Ȼλǰģ͸Ƕˣ˶û
ڳϹŶöΪ޷
ȺҪԼĸɣȥ֮󣬻ʲôִˡ
ȥˡ
Ŷ˾͵йϵ㣬ǹŲ´ЬģôˣֻһˣҲӵȶ
ʱϷǹɺɫԪԽԨڰ𶯡
Ҳֳɫˡ
Ŀ֮£Ҳֻ桢ϹݷǳϹŶĸƽɫӡ

⣡⣡⣡
׳ɫӣĿɫӴת
СӣĪţĪţҲڿģ漱ȵȴţȻ޼ߣ°˵
ţ
ʱһϹŶͻ
֨֨֨
ɫٶתҲ֮ǰͬ
ȻĿ֮һͣɫӡ
ĦʱЦⰡ⣡
ˣԸķ䰡ԼҶԼ֤Ժģʼ硣
С
ͬʱҡͷ̾Ϣ
ҲĿͣɫͣһɲǣҲ·֮Ҫͣ¡
á
ȻСֻ㣬˿
ιڿʼģ㶣ЩŽ
Ħ첲
á
滺վΧʱȻÿһİϹŶڰȴš
ȻԺͬ۹ã˷ڣһ˲Ӧ
ǶϹŶԸķ䣡
ǣҲȻ򴫳ȥ˶˵Щʿû
ѵǻȲһԶţ
߷׷ױʾ
Ŵִ潻棬ɱ⣬ȸҸ൤ҩǳûָľѹƾ綾ȳȥ֮ҿڶʱΪ㻯
ͻȻץ⣬ӿ鵤ҩЩһҪһһƷƷΪ࣬ƷǸ߼ˣҲ࣬ͨǲٵġ

֮У֮ͨڣһڿռĵһǿǰ
鵤


Ҫģ걻ִֶͨΣԴߣʱ갡
ֱˣ
һͷδ鵤ƵģԵĿࡣ
ףҲϵץס鵤ѡõĵ˾ץסһ봢䡣
֮ǰǸոջָɣѴ󷽸鵤ԴȻ࣬㹻ʱ
Ȼʱÿȡϰ޼ƷʵҩԼϵͽλʵָܿһЩ
Щڵ桢캣ɳ½Լɱǿռġ
еǸΪƵảǱʲƸҲǷǳˣʱõϵģ涼Щžͷ
ҪָҪԴ
ЩϹŶԣǿַǶһʱꡣ
˵ô൤ҩһҩһͨʯЩ˶ԣǾúء
պñ鵤ǿƺ֮ȴϷǺɫħѹ飺ħȦδϣ̫ǿ޴ӣԪѹκν䡭
һߴڼ尾֮УԪ飬֮ǰ鵤ָһЩѹԪ飬֪жˣһ
˹˲ˣȥɱһѪ·ΣϹŶ֮Уӳ
Ϲݲɳ
Ҳȥӻִߣ²Ƕ֣Ҳϼᣡ
Ħ鵤֮ϵħա
ಣ
һϹŶԵʣָһЩǿշУٶȿϧ龳Ҫġ
ɽһЩʯΣȻŵ˲࣬Ҳˣ֪ħȦΪͻȻ߶
ǲǻţΣա
ЩʯηˣѱϷ͸ǹɱԪ񣬳Ϊʬ塣

˼ϸ棬ַֺЩϹŶѹ֮£ٶԽԽ
ȻԺ߷
Ԫ񷨱ӿһԪ⣬ǣϷ
𺳿컯ΪȻ߶ԪԱˡ
𺳣ǿߣһαֶġ

Խһɽռ䣬ӦҲǧ׸߶ȣʱʯӿ齨¡ʯϡ
һ̨ѪϷлڷգǻ֮ϾȻһͭɫţ֡
ţԱ߻һһɶ೤ȫɫ㡣
濴޼ߣͭţʲô⣿
ĦͻȻϣвרĥ̾ߣΪͭţ


1178 ղͬ
ͭţ

̾ߣΪ档
̨Ϸϸϸһܿͭţ·գԱ߳Щ֡
һ͹ḥ̂һƬƬһ𣬳βƨһӶڵճѪЩѪ·һѪ֮С
ˣŷɥִרΪ׼̾ߣͭţڲǿյģִ߽˹У֮·ո¶ͭţյụ̀ڲǸʿɷŰݣ
κηҹҲҹʿ棬Ѵڿ־塢ͭţʿֻȣɣɱܣ
ǳҲǿյģǻ𿾣ִ߰ʿؽȥƶḥ̂ĥ̾һڳڲʿһʽĥѹʿ޷ѪᱻһƬƬ룬ǧУ
ʣͬʳƬһͬӳβųѪ֮Уִ߻ŷȥЩѪ⣬˭ԵĻһڣῺӡǿߣֲͷͭţС
Ħߣ˵֮ͻȻͷħץͭţ
ޣ
һӣȴ缲ִڰĦֱۣͭţɱ˶ǿߣˣӡպˣδҲִŴͷ
Զԣһͬ⡣
Ħ춸Ȼıƣͭţʴɣ޼ʿȵ̾ߣҲֻܻΪԽǿܵĥʱԽȷЩҲһ
ˣ
ħӰͭţס
֪ͷжأĦǿߣһȻҲǳŲһ㡣

Ҳһעͭţ
ϹȴĮʾϷ
Ϣü˲ϢϹ
վڣ
Ȼ䣬һɽĺǺɫħԪӵϷԨ
ִߣ
ߴľͷŭ
һЩʶˣʣ桢ϹݡϲӡĦԼ⼸֪ߣﲻֺɽӵơ
ҲֲЩͷǧ꣬ҹҹִܵĥִʡ
ǰʮһ˫˫ĿϷԨĦһִ߲١
Աһ߾Ŀһִǿ߽٣ͷ߻ϴϡƶԼϡ򡯣һǿߣʵƲ࣡
һ˫˫ĿһִƸǶӦнˡ
ǰЩִߣӦöǳԽִߣִ˿޵ľӢ
Ǿִߣǰȡƴž棬ǻܼԦǹħȦԪħ
ƶ
˽ԱִƵͷѹ֮ʣǰߡ
һΪƶ
شӴ˸Ӧ᳾ϢƶϢȻƶҲƼ֮ˡ
ԱһΪ
Ƕʤݽһ壬ľ֣ΪƵľԪͬһ壬ʵеһȡ
֣
ǾͷƷ۷ǿߣ
ЩִߣԻ½ءء帣ءصȵȴ
Ҳһɢޡ
·ǵԼй٣˵ǰκˣϡ
һߵָ棺ڶʤݣ棬òð棡
һ컯ʿȺڻʼ½򵺴½Ѫȷ磬ָҶʤݻңִˡŴ𣿡
ϹŶƶ޼ɱˣЩӳʲôܣһ˽Ҫѹͭţɱ
һȻץơ
ƴſ޵ͷһ̣͸űȴ޼ǿ߶ǿơ
򵱿ʱħʥǿɽͨɱѴգû˿ɱ޵зּڴκһˣκһ𷴿ﷸʩԼ̣

ִ߹
ŭХ¾ʣһƤңҲҪǵ汳
ɫŽһŹ㣡һλŮӣأڶִֶ
ӳɤӣԩ·խصƤϧ㲻θڣ
ϣŮòᡣ
ʱ˵ղ˵ħʥǿɱҾͲüɵˣΪҵжǲ
ֱ䣿˭֪·ڣһǶ⣬ʱŭĿ
Ҳһ浨Ӵ󣬻浨졣


1179 û·
浱ڲмĨĨǼ⣺ҵǰõҾη֮ˣ²ǿߣҲͿǾŴִ棬ƻħ½޼Լʥ̣ȻжȻˣעҵˣΪλͿ˵
ƿСĹۣν˫۾γ
ŭɶ
һߣӰӡ
˭ǵִ֮еĿߣλԶԶ󲿷ִߣ𾴣˰ͽᡣ
з棬ΧԼⷽǿ߷ӳԽպٶȣ˸
˲ɱɶྪָƣ˫ףȻô䣬ִɱǰ
Ҫһɱ
أ
һָָ棬罣һ㣬ʱǿɱָͨǰ˲ϢҪץ飬ȴָ浱ء
˫ͨɱһ˫һԶȴǱը𣬻ͨһͬ顣
ա
Ҳ޳ܵģ
󷽶ϹŶŭ
Ҫɱǵͬͬ⣡
Ȼ
Ϊ漰ʱɱס˾ɱеˣһϹݡ
һ̵ǸˡȻȻ˴磬ɫһ𣬾µס
ǰִߣȻҲֻбĴݡ
һɱִߣɨϹݣȸ֣Ϸ޼۷Ϊ޷ѹ㣬ºʱôһŮӣ
žž
֮ϹݶȻһı۰ԲȦù۰򣬳֮ѹȥ
öԷִˡ
ƶں󷽣һִƮɭɭһʣ棬ǿԲɱ㣬ǣ֮ǰʮ׷ɱ㣬ΪֳڡΣִʮںδ
Ϲߣһǿߣ˵֮ǰ壬׷ɱҵʮߣ
ǿִʮǿߣ
˵һǸˣ֪䣿
Ȼ
ǣҪȵסɳʮ֣һ·׷ɱңһ·ҪʬΣһ֮УҳˣȻʧߣһһɱһ
㡭
ⷬ񳹵һѻƬִ߷ճŭ֮
ɱʮߣɱúãɱúã
벻ߣʱкá
һݳ죺ţ治ǰǸǾŴִˣ׷ֻߵ棬ʱͬգǰ׷ܣտʼ治ˣˣҽ±ǣ
̲סٴδ߷ƣ֪С·ӳķˣһ棬˹غִ˽޼ڳɰܣץģ
ǣ
ಣ
ʮִߣһֳΧ߿ɢһŴ鸲Ƭв
һִʮˣһ޼䡢Ĵڣʣƶԭز˴߶
˺󡭡
ҲӦһƳһߣʾĪ֡
ȲǽɱȻЩˣϷ
Ϸӡħ
֮
ɱʮǿߣڰϷͻȻġ
Ȼÿ˴һӡڰս֯â
ϹŶƣ˰ף
ǰĬĬ汳Ӱ
Ϲص˵˵֣Ҳʮ˶֣
ҪǰûֶΣȻΣյಫֶΣȥðѪ
˵صظ䣬ϵС
ϹҲף浽׻ʲôֶΡ
ˣԸʮ޼߽λǿߣͷ󷨺ϻ֮κ£Ƕ֮񼦵ʯͷ֮Ĳࡣ
أ
Ϸ󷨣ʮߣڲͷ
Ϸʯ͸ħȦɫħȻ󷨣С
ģǵڲҲγһ޴ĺɫâ
â֮лħ
âΪһԲȦԼĪʮɴƯ롣
ʮִֵɣѹǼħȦں˴󣬱Ȼ̲ѹԪ
濴ҲΪ֮£һһ䡢Ҳ޷ֵ
ħȦִˣʥż֮Уõһ취ǵʥЦǣħȦħ
Ħں󷽷ЦҲмЩִߣħȦħʥǲִҲŷħһ
Ħ졭
ƶ󣬲ɵóǳѿ
ǶǼߣҲӦǿߣһִߵλߣϳĦ졣
ǼǧǰǸħɢޣŴǷħ̫ϴϣߣħΣϻǽ
ʢ
Ӷ
ϴ׼ãһ̺ԪѹԼǿͨ˫ع֮£ҿԸԪƣͨһ棬뿿Լ
ʱ˿̣濴ʲôҲûֻһֱḧ䵹С


1180 ʯ
Ժ֮УҲٴУǼħȦӦÿֲʵƷʽ֮ϣδ棬ҸоڣӦ÷ǳֲ
áֻǳݡ
ϣҵִߣ޵òҵҪͷ춫ʤⷽ
ʮִߣƺڽ
Ӵָ·һ˾ǽ
ħ
һִߣٿȻ˫ֺʮ˫ƣڤĳ
أ
ڲغڰȦ󷨣ڲһ㣬ͳγëȻơ
ݣ
һƬʸԪ˲串ǧףȻΧÿ串Ƕȥ
Զ¡ͱڶ𶯣ʯ׷׹¡
Ԫصسѹ޿ɲأ޿ɶ㡣
ɺް۷ʵҲԴУ
һ컯վǰˣˣ
ϹŶһɱȥ
ȴ޷ɱȥֻһȺб˶ѡ
ˣ޷ֿ˲ҪԪ񣡡
һпɣȻһ컯ʿʮִ߽֣˵漣أ
һЩϹŶ쳣򶨣κһԼǿȥıӰ
أ
ǰ
桢Ϲλʿ˰Ԫ顣
ǰԪȻΪΡơָ桭ͨںϳɴԪơ
ս֮Уǧɱ

ڳˣٲ֣ɣԪƴҪ˲ɱϹغ
һĨȻУָһΪһɶྪˡ
ˣ
ָ䣬ʡ
̣
ʱԸٶȣһԪǰӦ˵ǾˣضԪϷ
¡¡
ʮִߣξɽںƣȴһ֮ɱһ߽һ˲顣
СӲöԸ
һԪ񷨱
ǾƷԪԪ񷨱ﵽƷѷǳϡ٣ܴﵽƷ߶ȣƷйƷԪ
ʮִߣԪ飬ܵһδѪƴң˶޷ʱƿش
ƶ֮ǰǷ磬һ
ŵһӲСӻܲ׾һ컯ֻǳˣû뵽ֶΣ
ЩϹŶǶԣһ췭ظ
֮ǰĲʧ룬治Ƕ֣Ȼûˡ
֮˭֪һ컯ʿȻһ֮ʮͷԿ
һ컯ʿţԸһִߣǲܵ顣
ȴܶԸʮˣԼϽ
䣡
ǰһνһΣƶûԪƣɱȴ顣
Χʯϣʯ·Ƭв޷˫Ԫơ
ħа
أ
ʮǿߣڴʱֱ仯ơ
Ԫ󷨹ȻڴʱǷ󷨹ҫޱȴۡ
ȻɱĹԪ֮УȻӰЩӰԽԪƣצ
桢ϹݻʮԶѷԪڲЩӰ·ڿһա
ӰֲƣѹǿԪ
æˣЩʩչһžԪ񹦷󷨣̫ǿ޷ʵԳ׻ЩԪƣ
û취ˣִ˵ȷǿ˹ֶΣʿ֣
ɵִʵǱƿص
ֲ˹
Ҳɵ߳Ʒܴ߷ʵƷ缸޵֡
ȻǹѲֻ֣ѳţ
ԪһͻϹݵû⣬ɺЩϹŶҪɥȪ
СԹԣ̫ˣ
˶ǳɱ֮ʡ
˷·𶼷ϡ
ԼַȻ֪ʲôʱ򣬵С񣬾ֱߣֿʼı
ˮ׾ˣС񣬾红ﻶQǵϹҲš
ǴһӦ˵Сһ
΢ЦţֶС˵ȥЩ棡
ಣ
СƵģĻ˲䳯ȥ
ԽԪƣСִӿֲԪЩӰϷԽ
ʲô⣿
ִŴ󣬴߷Ԫƣãܽ·ɱ
ȴС񣬾ԪƣԼӰ죬ⷽ
Ҳǿܣ
ץ
ʲô⣬ϲߣ
ŵִһԾִ֮зȥ
ݣ
߻£һ׵Ľ
Ϊһý֣Сɱһơ
˼ʰԵɱڳСϷΪִߣžͷ˼ܣŹ˿ܡ
ƻΪ㽣˲ܽС顣


1181 Сʯɱִ
žž
֪
С񲻵߶ѣԷɱƷҲȻﵽ޼䡢䡣
Իɱ컯ʿκͨ
Ȼ˴۾
ɱСϣһ㶯ҲûУκξС񣬾飬Ƭֱε
нƣɱС񣬷Ƭ

˫žͷС࿴
޷㣿õƷӲȣն
һִߣʩչһ컯ʿ⣿
ʱ˿̣߲Ȼŭִ齣ƣ𽣾񣬴һ׼С
꣡
û뵽ǴӵƷСŻǱ䣬ϳء
˲Ʒ飿ƷҲܣǰƷ
СĪ
˷ꡢ̾
Ľִߺ񱻵һ㣬ʢŭسСץȥֲâ
䣡
СڹǰͻȻһԾٶȳ߹ƣȻײš
ͨһߵţҲС񣬴ദײһѪ߲ĵͷŲһͷԵȥ
һ߰
ɱúãʹ찡
߱Сһ˲䴩͸࣬һ̣ϹŶֽޡ
Ҳٴζۿٵһ컯һ޼۷ǿߡ
ɱ棡
ƶһִߣͬ鱻ɱ˲ɱ֮࣬
ȥɣȥɣ
ɱִߣ
֪СҲһգСԸЩִߡ
ҲһЩɻ
֮ǰˮ磬ʯڼǰǿˣıôһͷҲܻɱκǿߡ
ִʯڣǿֲѪˡ޴ãĴڣսɱ
пܣʯҲλǰսЩǿߣڷɱ
һн֤ʯѳԽ磬֮ⷲУ֮еߣɱһִߣ¡
Щ뷨ŵôִɱ£治ɫΪִҲκβС
ħȦ
ʮִ֮߱ͬһͬ顣
ǷٴͷŸ
Χʱ֮У֮֮Уʮִɱӡ֮ʣû뵽ڲɳһƺڽɵԲȦ
ԲȦͨڣҲͷһħԹ֮
ȦаɴһȦȦɱĿСԼС֮桢ϹŶǡ
Ħں󷽲ݣҲɵǵ󷨣ӦþطħȦСģ󷨸߶Ѵﵽ޼۷壬ӵ޼ǿ
ﵽ޼۷壬󾢸ǿ󣬻ᳬԽ޼޼ߣҲɭȻһ䡣
޼۷
ЩȦ˭뵽˺ˣǴﵽ۷ʵ
ƶΡȻ϶ִۣˣʮѪƣ
ɱ֮
ˣ
ݣ
һȦ֮࣬Ưǰˡ
ʮִһƣһߣдһпͨȴ̺Ʒ
һȦƵģ˴ɱΧʯ£飬ʯ֮ҴǿߣҲ޷˲
ϧЩˣҲΪѱ
ϹŶǸӦȻΧʯΣЩˣʱꡣ
ȥɣ
ĬĬؿС
һȦɱڲռ侹һЩŤ˺ֿ¹ơ
̫ˡ
麹˵ôȦһҼȫ޷ֵһС
ಣ
СˣٵطɱǰǼȦ
˫κһˣעҲС񡢺Ȧ˲䣬·ͣ
䣡
ȦСʮСȻ
ȴСֻͷһͽһȦȻ飬ɱִһ
ɴ࣡
ѹ
úáϹŶˣкãƶ˿ھ
䣡
ǵڶȦɱȴȻСײ顣

ĵԼȦͬʱɱС޷ײ顣
˫񷨱໥ɱײϷѹһȦʮִ߿£ɽҲǳѸͣҲľͷûж취
ֻСǰ㲻
ĻˣҪںȦ֮£ܻ˶漣

䣡
Ȧִ߲ٿأǰΧСػɱһ˸һˣ໥ƶҪС顣
֣ڶʤַ꣬ССһ񣬾˲·ǾƷ
˫֪Ȼһֲ¾档
ִⷽ
ϹŶƶΪ𺳣̫ͨ˷ʤӦм¼
ۺ룺СҵδܸоȪɽ⣬һبվƺЩ񣡡


1182 
ɽʯƺЩ񣬵ֲܣԲܣǱԺоʮϣвѵԺԹʿûһ˿Էܣ
Ҳǣ
ҳɽʯ񣬴δƷ磬ﻹеڶȻҿʯûϵ
˱У
棬򵺴½᳾й棬ίʵ벻Ŷ꣬ꣿӵ˱³֣ԸʵҲûаѹС񣡡
ɽɽƷ绹̲ز鱦챦Ӧˡ
ɱ֣һ취Ҫɱ棬޼
õС
ֻҪִֵܵ߹ƣ·硭
ʱҲ滺üͷ
ͻȻһϷ¹֮У
ץסһƾԨ֮УץһӰ
ԭ֮ǰС˲ɱǿߡ
صϹߣϢִʬڣŲѪɫ࣬߷ǿ
ˡ
˭֪
Ժ֮УͨԪȻЩ
ɶ֣һƮƮַǳƣоʲô
ָоʶǱɽѹţΪܡ
Ժ˵ˣ߶С񣬲־ͨԪή״̬
󺧣֮ǰһΪֻСںϣȻͨԦ
ʵԦ߼ǿʿ־ǼԦʵǿĸ߼СʶڹͨСоʶ֪뷨ʱ䱣ֹͨҪǿԪΪģʴʶʱʱ̴֮̿Уʱ߶һ֡
֮ǰʩչ㣬Ϊûжָо
Ԫ෨Сһ㷨ͬҲһַҪ鹵ͨ־ԦǸƷʷԦʽ
Σ
ͣŻȻ
ԭ߷СȻȴ־ԪΪۡ
Ѫ
ɲǼ䣬ָ̯һſŵҩ֡
ѪɫðŹѪ
Լٿţһس߷ȥ
̺ǿϢ
ĪǸոձڣǿ
ͷǵõѪӦϢǳϤ𺳡
ٴζмԼϿɡ
ͽѪɡ
桭
麹࣬·һˮϡ
ۣҲҪģִҲģ˭ܺĵù˭ȻǸƶ
Ϲݿ洦ڴ״̬οȥȻռƣĪżȻħʥɱֻҪӦڲЩִ߾㹻ˣ
䣡
û뵽
ִ죡
һȦڱС顣
źȦ飬Ҳ֮УһִߣҲ۵ùǺء
̫أºȦ㣬űС顣
䣡
һȦΧС֮УСһһ飬Խס
ִ˺ʱԹ˴Ҳǰ޼ԹȻ챻һʰˣ
İ
Ħ졢ЩϹŶʵϢָֻһЩԿʩչһٿɶա
֮СԽ£ƺǿε⡣
ϴ󣡡
˿̣ϷǿħƣƮ촩͸
ô治ɴϲ
ϲ񣺡ڸӦϴϢˣ֮ǰϲòױִܹߣҵ賤ȻʱһӦִߴɱһ쳣ǿγڣ
һͷһǿߣ
Ȼ桢˾֮ãҲ뾪ա
Ҳû뵽֮Уǰ
Ψ֮УԪǹһִֻΪ


񣺡û뵽򶣬ҿɲİǱ½Ͷնɱ򶣬룡
ϴֻɲ򵥰ڶʤݵƬյش꣡
Ǻţһǻ˼Ĵڣ
ţֶǴĴڣţʵûǿ󣬾붫ʤǿߡִ˼ˣʵ޼ľ츳ٶԼӦһһ֡
ߣһҪʰиǿ˭
֪һЩշ
Īйϵ
ٺ٣ǰ˽СҢǷүүǶʤǿ֮һҲߡ
Ң
̫ǿˣ󣬻ôڳڣִûԳ֣Ȼ군ˣ
ӡ賤״Σ
˶ˣ賤ˣ˻Ϊǣһ־ȳ޼ɢǿߣִ׷ɱϤһ󣡡
潫Ϸһһ
賤˷ȥΪ
ϧˣ
Ҳ˵ʤνʿҲĺ֮ʲôħʿħокηֱ
֮Уĥɱʿ


1183 
ڶǿֶԸִߣ潻һ䡣
оƣãС̫أȻǿƽЩȦ󷨹Ʒ׷׻顣
ʮִߡûһ˿һɱˡ
ûСȻֻΣ
Сӣʵָһ㣬΢Ҳִ߶ϼУһ֮
ڣЩϹŶΪףҪԸִߡ
лλǰ⣬סһ߻иִϲǻһЩԸǣлϹŶ⡣
ĦȻֱû뵽ٶ֮죬֮ǰˣһҲ͸
޼ߣ̶ʱ䣬Ҳ޷ָʮ֮һ״̬
ǰס
ĦɵħҲѪִһָ޴ʵָһɣɱ޼ִ߲⣬סһ޼ǰǿҲУ
ǰָˣɵҩҪȳ֣
û뵽ĦҲҲҲһѪߡ
ֲûָٶȣԶԶЩϹŶ
ĦȻϢҲµе֧ţҲٶԣȥһĬĬȴš
ϷСȻһħȦ⣬ϻħȦ֮ӿЩִġ
ȥִ֧ţ
ڲһţȻ֮⣬Ҳǳɱ֮С

Ϸռ֮⣬ǿֲȻʱһͨ͸϶ˣ·𴩹
֮ͨ䣬Ưִߡ
һһѮˣͷ٣Ϻëǲ԰ס
Աһһˣ˶ͬö䣬ƤȻҲɫģһˡ
һͲ࣬һ˫ͫĵġ
˫ͫ·ܿȻ֮ͨϣǲ󣬾ȻһЩīŮӣִɱ
Щִ֮У
ЩīŮӣһЩӣִɱɱȥ˿·磬ɱִ߽ڽڳ¶ͨˡ
˿׷ߣ϶Ǹʥ̣ϣԶԸһɫ
ЩʥаʿʵħɱȡʥƻΣߵں
ҲţֹУƷ֮£ҲǼˣʣ¾ȺҿԱ֤ţԺΪãִֻҪõԼ꣬ʵܴﵽ۷壡
ˣǵɱã֮ħʥǿɱƻʥ򣬶߱ʥһŭ֮£ͷ
ҲգҲգ֣Щˣ
ʼ磡
¡¡
ͨ϶ˣ֪ȻЩ㣬ʵͨڵĽ󷨣һһ顣
֮Уͷħ̵ˡ
ȻԪԼԫԫԪɱɽͨڲκ󷨣һ顣
϶ͨһĻĻЦħǿߣħ½ЩħʵҲǿ࣬һץסһҪ
ֿߣ϶ڳ֣ܶħʥǿɱǾǽ򣡡
żħĸ֣̫࣬ħֿܲ٣޵˼ǽմ֣Щħʥ̸֣֮䣬ɱÿһ򾡡
ٺ٣üı
ţ
һ¡¡ȻһȺʥīǿߣҲͨ϶ɱڲǿ
ಣ
׷ʧ֮ͨ䡣
ʱգۼ䣬˳Ư϶ˣ׷ץһ⡣
֮УȻʥڣԪϣӣ
ԪϣȴҢףϸ磡
ߵħʥǿߣ˫ʮˣǿͻɱ֮ͨУƲһᣬЩͻɱ޵˼á
κ򣬾޵ţӲмͨһˣڲǿ´ټǿߡ
ǵħʥ̸ɱҲζаٷְٰǣħʥǿߣ˵Щ˶ɫټ󲿷ִߣǲܵģ
ã
˫Ƭ̣Ŀʧ
ת䣬ǸǵԨؽˮοռڣӿϰִߣħڿľӪˣ֪ħڽȵǣħڱ֧ţϷҪħھкε̣
ֻʥٺ٣һһֻ°ͣһȴâ
磡
ǺûͨȪɽκҪɽҵ򣬽ǲܵġ
ͨһͨ
˼ʣĻһ

һĨ磬Ƽ绯Ϊһڽâ顣
֮֮ͬͨڣɱһӡ


1184 ʥ̽

һŮ⻪֮УƬ
ಷʮīʿ󲿷ֶߡ
ִ߲Ӱ
īŮӻòе˫ۣɣûһ˿ɫ
˷ŮЩɻ󣬺ŮӣͬһΧ
һ֮Ŵ⻪ʥʮǿ߰˷𵴣˵̣Ȼݲа̷
磬ˣŮӣīŮ
޵أ
ΧһִߣӰ˷֣ԦǷӡâΪʥʮû
īŮǸɾصĴ磬û˿ǿơ
Ȼܼ˱Ϸ磺ִ˾ֶΣ⴦̲Ŷʤ޾أҲд֮еġ޵ԪأóЩִߣҲʥɱģ
СŮӣʰ
ͻȻһִ߳ˣһŮӡ
Ů

һλīŮ๪ٻĴ½ɢǿ߼Ůʵԣ
ʥ֮лиʶң
Ůλߣʮһ࣬ΪϢǳˡ
Խ⣺ƺ㣿캣һλ޵òɢ޾ͷຣǲ㣿
ຣ󷽸ִߣȻʼ߶һЩӡ
ֻʥͨͽ߲Ρ
һִŮߣ㻹˵ˣҲ˲飬ǳຣһֱץǰʧȥټû뵽ʥ̡
ŮҡҡͷӦòǳຣʥ̣ʥһֱڰ硢ѹǿߣຣ㻹캣һɢ𣬸ԸΪСŮĪǿ˼ˣ
˫ĿȻִŮ
š
һīŮӣŮͻȻɱһƣļŮ
˵ʥ￴жŮɱգ̤ƣ˱Ҳɱס
䣡
ŮڶϢ˫һɱһ
޼ƣ
ۣ
û뵽ǣִߣ԰ٻĴ½ɢǿ߼ŮȻʥһͨŮӣһ𷭡
Ѫ벻֮ʡ
īŮһȳƮżŮ޷ӦɱһƣһŮһƺ촷ۡ
һִ߾ˣ
˫ֽɱУʥŮӣʵ߳һأ䣬ȡ˼Ů
ƿ󷨣ɱ
Χִŭɶʥ̾ʼɱˣƺ׼
âⷬٴ˸ΪһԲν磬֮ǵħȦࡣ
¡
һ磡
һƬɱһΣǲħƬ֡
ħǿִ֣ߴ󾪡
Ƭ֮ԪԼԫ
ԪƬ֮УͷһƬħ⣬·ɱħнǧˣħֶ֮
ħʱ򣬹󷨣ʥⷽ
ŮҲʮģʥ̸֣һīۺȻɱֶߡ
ʮ⣡
ħɱΧԪŸԫΧһʥƷһԶż
ԫҴħЩִߣ
ԪĿ⣺ҴһԴʵҲ޼۷壬Ϸ㹻ֱײȥѰһΪĦǿߣ
Ħ죿ˣħ½ħһ֣ħ½
Ǵ۵ҪǿߣӦûвħǿߣħܸҾȳͶȳ
ȥ죡
󣬸ԫѸٽӡһħԶ縲ǵΡ
·ħڣӷħص֮Уʦ²ǰĦпܣӵϹħ޽
Ҳ֪Ϊ޽ܱʦ࿴Բ
ԪǸĿ⣬ԶҪĿģɱҪʥΪ常֤ʵǸԣʱ常ɴʤݽ
ħͷ
ɱħͷǴͣ
Ȼ䣬֮Уִߡ
Ҳ֪ôçײһԪץҪԪѹ
ղĲʩչѪ󷨣ˣ
ɱԪȻͻȻѪһ㡣
ΪѪָӦɱѪ֮С
ҽ֮ѪΪԪֱִַԴ֮С
ಣ
ѹ֣Ԫ˸ȥ

ڲ
в߿֮У󷨹ƺȦɱС񣬺¡¡ظ顣
ʱ˫ֵڣ˭Ҳûռˣʮִ۵öѣٿҲҧӳ֡
һЩִ߽󷨣ͷۺӳƶȻ޷ѹơӡС
С·ӵһֱһڽԲȦɱ
޼ߡĦ졢ӵˣƯţɵҩ
ȳһˣϢҲڻָϾǶ޼߽λͷҲǼΪĴڡ
֮ȺΣǿ߾ѪЩͷǿ


1185 ȳӡ賤
ֻܸƬ̴Ϣ
Ϸɫ
ʮִ߷󷨣Ȼһַ󷨣۵ÿҪεƽԴ뿪˲߽⡣
ִһ໥ϣǸ󷨹ʱʱ̿Сơ
䣡
ִⷽȻռƣ
ⲻ֪
˲䣬вϷһ£Ȼ飡
ͻأ⿴ȥִ𺳡
֮УȻһֻţë׵ģǴëһ͸ŷâ
澪ϲֻţɱˣ
εȹ
ӵϹŶпŹš
¡
һ飬·Ϸ֮Уָ¡¡ץɽ壬ץñ
ӰǷ֮УҲϷʯвħɷţ֡
˫ִͫⷽһһͷ׹ı顣
飡
һִ߾ס۾ִҲʶˣţ֣ǲǱڣѹ캣ţ𣿻бھ飡
߳壡
һУΪǧ׳ִⷽʮɱ
ģ𸣵ǳţǻľ
ȻãԿһɱɱУָһ
ͬʱţ֮ʣϷ鴦ַһӰ
ǻŴʿ桢һڰͷִɱ
䣡
߿գɱķţйƣɱһ֮Ƭսǻ飬㳯˷ƶ
ģ
ţͻȻһץ˫ֽǧвʿץ˫ȭ֮У忪ʼûֻܿмɣΪģ
С񣡡žϲ߷С񣬹ɱЩִߡ
ƶٶ˳֣ţ֣ǸеС
ţ֡
Ҳ£ˣѹ⴦еһȰͬʱھ
һЩϹŶٴζĿ࿴
һ컯ʿǴһδ𺳡
߳߳
Ҳһִߣʩչƣ桢ţ
ţ̫Ե˶ִߣȴɳ֮Уһ׹⡣
Щ׹ǿ̶ȣҲ޼䡢ִɱĹƣǿ飬ٿֲƣ⴦вû
ϴ󣡡
һڷ۵糸
ϹһЩȦɱˣɱƣһС
ӭˣû¾ͺãһܲסǣǳûϢأ
ţִʱֻɶߣ˫ͻȻ̯
һ֮Χһˡ綾ķˡ
ʦ֣һӰ
Īа
һ۰
ӻѪڡ綾֪ܶĥϽһЩǿ߾
ǰֿһǿߡ
賤
û뵽Ƿһ顭˵賤ˣΪˣҲȻǷš
ִһǧǿ֮УǬǿߣǬɽߡ
캣ɢǿߣͷţ
ħ½ɢǿߣ콣
ԼٻĴ½޼ŵǿߣƳ
Щ֪޼ɢǿߣΧвٶ޼ǿߣʵһ䵽֮䡣
Ϊһ޼䡢һ޼䣡
ԣϲǧǿߣȳϹŶ
ˣΪ޼ϣ䡢ҲУв˿Ϊ
氵дôǿߣϧûκˣ°æ
ֻпԼִ߾
桢ţΧֻȥ󷽡
𺳿СڰǿƶԸȻޱȣִ˶ڣν磬Ǵ򣡡
Ҳϴ󣬵ߣȥִԽԽִ߽࣬ڷӡӳȥ
¶Ͼ֮ɫ·Χغκһѡ񣺡ԭһȳǿߡģγȥصײ磬ӻصԨؽˮĻִҲ޷κΣ
÷ӣԨؽˮִˮ½أҲɱˮ磡С
鵤ҲóöЩ̷ĪСЩǻָʵǾܴӳȥ׼ˣ
ˣ֮Ϲݿȥ
Ȼ˼˲Ϣȥ
ְǧǿߴλӻصײʱ磬ԨؽˮִҲκβҵȣ
ȴǿ߾ţԨؽˮǵҲᱻʴǡ
λģҵȾǱΣ⣬ٶȸȥײҵסִߣ
ȻⷽǿߣҲſͨԨؽˮӳȥ
ԨؽˮЩǿ߶ԣĨȥʡ
޼ߣĦӵ˴ͷϹݷȥ˲ԥ׷ת


1186 ʥɱĺô
㾹ұˣȺаħǿɲ㣬ͭţ˰ɣǾ³
춯ƶȾͷͶӴӦ
ִߴ󲿷ɱ⣬ۼڻϡ
˸죬һػȥˣ벻ո߲㡢ͬ飬ɫ
ﻹг·ȺξȻȪ·
û뵽ǣƶ֣ڴʮ쳣ǿߣץơ
һʱʮִƿش󣬾Ȼɱ๥ƣ˲ǺȦһ۵ͨӰ
ۣ
һϳ̹ͨİԵ
ھͷں߷һٶ
֮ȻкȦСЩͨӰֻ֣һ޹
֮糤۵Ļˣ׷׿ץһ⣬Ϊһʸ
һͨӰƯţңʸͱˡ
Ǽˡ
Щ·ǿߣҲڹΧڣǸӦ¹ƣҲûŲ·
麹ˮƶͷʵͨ죬ִ߸Щɱﵽ޼۷壬һʸ޷ֿ
Ȼâţ֣ʵǿ󣬵Ҳ޷Щ飬ټ⽣޼᲻ݣͬʱ߷󷨱ǲϣһƣ
ٺ٣ǿ⽣ôǱ򱶵ĴڣܽʩչúãȷԱ֤һܿסⲨ
һɽۼɽжţ־Сд֡
ݣ
һĨӰ˲Ϣţǰ
һץ⽣ģּ죬Ի𸣵

ֻʸһɱǰսԱɱﾪ鳤ۡ
Ҳ
ţһ첻µزµӣž˲廯ΪʮɾˣɱɽһС
¡¡
һּʸ˲ɱһ𣬽飬һЩʸԵԽɱ˵ƶЩͷʵȻѹţ֮ϡ
һ̣ţҲҪǼʸһ֧֧С
û뵽ɽ⼣߰ߵرʸǼʸʯͷģ顣
һЩʸɽǹɱƣͱһƬ顣
ˣɽ޼᲻ݣǼʸ̫࣬鶼ǣţҲ۵ùǺæڰɱɱȥһ֧ʸԽΧ
ۣ٣
һʸһͨӰ֮󣬺Ȼʸ籩ⷽɱ
ٿƶˣƺ߶ۣʮɣκƣ״̬
ţǿڱ⼣߰ߣһ𷨱Ȼ˼̣ȻƷ
ǿɱƼʸţ߾ͷ
ƶֲ̾СӣһһδνƷѪȷ磬ԭ˾ֶΣҲҸоΣǲܽɱڴˣδƷԣһһѣ
ţǼƽȷαʮ꣬嫵ţֶܼã
¶ڨЦȻ֪ӲԼ̺ĿֲǱҪնɱ
ִ߾ͷһκΧ֣ϴ߶Ʒ
ơ廯ۡЩԶʤϾѧЩͷʩչУȻ޵У
濴ţһˣЩʸԼһ취
濴Ҳŭߣţ֣ǻδӳףЩʸܽǻɱܲţǿߣǶ߰ɣ
ȻţʵڲУֻʩչСǧţǼӳСзмЩִߣ˻ӣھƣٴ߶СǧƵ޼޷߶Ҳһӿˮ
˶ףѾء
ҲɣսҲɣ
οӲͬ飬뵽մŶٸ֣һͬǱ½ȥʼ½Щ˽Է׷
СҲͰˣԼ漣
Ƕһǿߣܷͬ飿
ЩǿߣܵϹݱ뿪в
䡭
û뵽
ڼ˾ᣬִѹ֮ʡ
һвռ䣬ϷʯȻ飬һ޷һͨɱһ
˱ⷬ飬⡣
ţô£ǶʤݾѧƣĪִĳɱɣ
ȷǾơ
ɽȷԶʤݾѧҲ֪ϲεȱʡ
ƬâһʱвڣЩһ˼Ҫɱţ˵ִߣɵҲĿȥ
ʥ̽ӣ
ŮһҪƤ֪ͭţ
̫⻪Կ塣
ȴȻִߺ


1187 Ԩؽˮ
ʥ̽
֮дź棺ѵʥɱˣܴɱΣһ·ҪִߣʥҲ̫Щ
ಣ
˼ʣһīӰⷽڶʮִ׷ɱ£īӰӿն
һѹţ֣һҵȽɱʥ̽
ƶͷ·صһӲϣīӰ
ʱܿǵīӰʥ̽ȻһʮŮ
̫ţ
ΪҾȳЩˣִɱʲôˣʥʲôˣʥ̽շ·

ԭϲȻһʥ̸֣һ֣ͳ˷ɢȥ
ݵòһ˸һɱаͽĪƻΣ
Զ֮Уæ
ʥ̽Ǹ߿ճֱⷽƶȾͷأȲѳһвȥִ׷ɱȥ
ԭʥҲȳЩǿߡʥǴæţִ߹ٳˣϲߺ
ߺߣȺִߣ˱ɣû뱾
ţ֮ͻȻӿħɷ
ɱ֮࣬ɱɽһֲʸһƬ顣
Сү𣡡
ͻһĨħҫ
֮Ϊۣţ־һƬʧˡ
ಣ
һת·ԨȥţѻûͨˣæŴһͬ
û˵Σܻ뿪ˣ
Ƭ磬ʮ۵ùǺ
ŽʧʮǿߣϽ·׷ɱ
ˣ㱦
ɽӿУ˳¡ڲɽ
ţҲɽ棬ϲڱϧţԵ
;ּʯΣѺ֮ˣܶ඼޼䣬ǿߡ
ϧûлЩ˳
δʥ̴ԸЩ˱ʥ̾ߣִпϧң
ɨЩʯΣҲͦΡ
׷ɱˣϴ󣡡ʾ⼸ˡ
Ȼ
Ǹ߿ͱڣһǿִߣԦԼ̲ɱ
Ҳڻ·£ԼӦǿϢزռ䡣
زģһ㣬Ҳûͭţ̾ߣΪܱѺķˣܹǧĥ
ܱѺڴˣʵǿ󣬸в
ִں׷ʹ򣬵ٶȣЩˣĸǹ̥
ԼĪһ㣬ڼϹݡӡ賤޼ߡĦ졢ӵȵǿߡ
ţ·ӡɲ
ţԳʯ׽ɱȥ

滹δ׳޼
һױȵĵʱڽǧǿϷͷš
ǡ
ǿˡ
Ħһ۲ϳӦϲ޼ڵľƷǿĵ֮һ޼
˶޼ߡ
û뵽ȥˣһܼ޼ھ޼߱κ˶𺳡
ϴΪαִŴɱԭ򣡡ֻİͷǿǰȻ˵
ִӦɱˣæ档
Ҳȴ߶޼λٽ޼ֻ޼ԽԨؽˮ磬ܸʴ֮ǰǼˣַʽǱΣ
֣ƷȻ⣡뼸֣뱦ӡ
桢ҲһС
ϹŶԾ룬Ψ޼ڵߣĿ⣬ű
ӣ
ִɱˣǾһȺ
ǰס
ಣ
߲ٳɣҲС
䣡
ԱߴһɹɵԨؽˮˮֲϮ
Ϲ١
һǣϹݣţּæܵԨؽˮʱһ뱦
ಣ
˼ʱ·ԼʶضǱĵԨؽˮˮ֮С
ãȺ˾Ȼ磡
޼Ԩؽˮ֮У
ɱִߣһľͷɱȻʧ
޴룬֮ҲвžͷҲǳ˽⣬ʲôû
ʱһĻⱲӣһ
ζ뵽ַʽΡ
һأһֳȥЩӲˣһִӦ¼ء
󲿷˳Ϸȥ
Ԩ
һЩŵϿ֮УԨؽˮŶٰ׹ǡ
޼УһЩǿͷͨЩ׹Ƕ֮С
渧Сɫ쳣԰ף鵤Ҳ֮ǰõĲڡ
֮УֱӱʩչͨһںϣӴԴҲָ
Ԩؽˮϸʴ޼һܴһǿ߻ģ粻˿Ӱ죬Щ˲
ҽץʱָ
עˮ綯ִкͣ˵Ҳɱˮ硣
ˣǾҪǣ򣡡
ڸд


1188 ǲҺ
ϹŶ˽Σ氲š
ԨؽˮֻϷ磬ִ߱ȻˮԴǻҪһѪսܴ磬ӳռ䣬Ҳӳȥͨͨ˵ԼģԼĿǰ档
ȷûκλᡣ
Ǿ仰εģӳȥܴҲܴҪģǵȴĥĥԣʥȥִע
ڻĲ£ȴǰ侲
Ȼʱ棬֮ǰˡ
ĳɳǰ֪Ǹ޼˶
ڴ
ΪһɹɣǧǿںϣȻ
Ѫɫ֮УǿָСʯ뷨ࡢȫںϡ
ɱԶʤݵķˣʬҲҲһںţ󲿷ӡţͻơ
ϾӵаҽȻںϣǶʤݸᯣȴǵ˹ΣһĳЩܣɲ㣬ͽǿˡ
Ҳδɽˮĵزɫв鵤ҩ㹻
޼ʱѿˮ棬ϹŶҲӦЩ˿򱦶ӣܿλεˮ档
ϹŶվ޼Ҫˮ棬ȻһƬӰⷽˮΧ
ִߣ
͵ǳ
ִˮɭɭš
ʱֻصԨЩִֻܸɵۣΪͨ޷ɱԨؽˮǵɱڲҲ޷޼ᱻԨؽˮʴ
޼Ʒǿ֮һ뵣ģĦȻ
ԭЩǿߣŲ
ĦȻҲ֧档
ǾǲȥִҺΣСΪɣʱʱȥϹ졣
ʱĪа賤ǰ¡
ӿûƵģֳɵЦʦ֣һãűץֻǱʣѻָһЩǰ峤ʲôңӣˣһ
Ҳû£ֻˣ˻žͺã
賤įȴǹǿߵĴݣִֵ˱ҽĵãûǣұպ۵챦ӵϿռ˼ҵû㣬ֻܴ߶ˣ

պ۵
ǿһڶʤ˶֪ĵ
賤Ҫڻڵ
ȴʱֹˣҲ޸ʤݣΪʦѰΪ޲
ԣʦֶа취ҲΪ賤
ֻ賤Ц޲пܣΪͣҩҲҪʵ޼ľͷϴǿߣ˭ԸžΪһϴ
ЩһֱΪʦƶգҲر˽⣬ʵҵһգں취оųɰգʴǰģδĳһ죬һպ۵ţڵ飬֮ã
Ҳǰǧ꣬ҲûʲôǿɻһϴͳˣˣԽϵһ𡣡
Ҳɣϸ磡
浽óһЩ賤С
ȳ
Щʱִ߶ˮ档
û뵽ִߵֱӰ˷£
һ޼ðݾͲˣЩֻɷˮ档
ִκβ޼޷ɱԨؽˮԣȥҲǸ⡣
ִѹʥ̣ǱضǿɱʱֻԴС
ּ죬״ָֻ̬һЩ汣ں״̬Ӧˮ
ܵᣬãᣬֻɱһѪ·
Ȼ
ÿʱÿ̶˶ԣ尾ϹŶǣۿָɣһ֮ңطֱڷ֮УԵ÷ǳꡣ
ˡ
ѪȻһĨ춯
ѪħϢ
û뵽Ӧ״̬£Ѫһ̺ѪħϢˮϷ
ɽѪħϢ԰Ħ죡
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ͶŸӦϢʱӦˮϷν֮У顣
ɶҲоԪ֮С
ϲ棺ϴħɱΣν磬ǻˣɳûɱȥ
Ԧˮ棬ӦˮϷֻмִѲߣǸ߿ս磬ִħɱһ
ȷǻᣡ
˵ȫ߷޼
䣡
ˮ㲨ΣԨؽˮڤ֮ǰ¡
޼񼫹⣬ˮ𣬾øִߴš
磡
ȫ߶޼δɱԦ£ϷͻͻײȥһɷĢƣν硣
ɶ񣬸߲ڶԸʥԼħһҪֹ޼
ִߴ·׷ɱЩ˿ɶǾӢ
޼ٶȡ磬ִ߽ӡϷΪһƬС


1189 ϤħѪ
ִȻ٣ҲԴ߷磬ýԸǣ
ڣĦ졢ӵϹŶһΧ
ӡ賤Ҳ֮ŽУϷѹ
䣡
֮УҲǺ嫽ڣһɽǾɽâѹƣ޼һѹ
廯ġơϾѧκһƾͨѳԽ޼߶ȣ
κ޼ʿ¾䣬Ҳֲν֮
ϹŶڱռ䣬űһƾѹҲϳͨ
廯ʤݵһ̺ơ۵ȵͨǽԲǶ֣Ϳˣ
޼ߣ˻һϲ·ҲԤеһܷӳεĹؼ
廯
ʱ˿̣κһˣ񣬲䣬ÿ˵Ŀ⡢桢ɶںϡ
һ߼䣡
ˣ
籦ƣ϶һɽǰͨɱڴ֮С
ȴԣ·һŵ״̬
Ժ֮УԨͨԪĵ¿ʼҫϮĵ¾һϻʥۡ
Сǧ
գ滹Ǵ߷ţԪǿʵ
С񣬵ھ޷߷СΨСǧ
֮ӳ޼ҲԶԸֲ֮ľơ
޼ƶȻɽ緢Ҳʼ޴󻯣ʮɻΪһϾ޶
Ʒ
˭Ҳû뵽޼ܴﵽ˰״̬
޼ˣЩϹŶľѣΪ޼ƣԿ
޼ʱວˣ
һ˫Ŀ⣬⡢ȵ档
޼ϲ
һ˫ۣƺܿ͸˿Ķ
찡
ִƣ߶Ž֮
Ǽ޼ȻΪɾ޴󣬳ƿԣҲ޼𺳵Զԡ
䣡
һ޴ӡ޼
޼𵴣ǽƻ顣
ۣ
ڲϹŶǿ߷׷Ѫ
䣡
һɱѹ޼·Ҫ޼ѹ顣
޼ȴâɣ֮ײһ˱Ȼǿƽƻ顣
¡¡
һɱ·׷ɱִߣϻӶ˫ۣɱһƾ
ѹ޼Ϳ챻ûڲǿ߽ԱͷĿѣſڵŻѪ
桢ҲмܲסѪ顣
ΨϹݡţ֡˻Լס֮ƺɱ޼ֲһδǿڱڲռ𵴡
Ҳʼ޷мܣ棬ӳѪһѪɫ֩
䣡
޼һ̹ƣݡ
·Ҫضײһ
һһƽ顣
䣡
ͻȻ޼·ײء
ԭǻν硣
ֲ޼ٶܵƣͬʱ𶯣Ҳţ֡ϹѪ
ȴ԰ڱӣΨһ˿Լ֡
ͻȻϷԭ޼ν磬飬Ծţ֮ǿƴӡ
޼һ뿪ʱգȻ߿գ󷽽Ƭ׷ɱִߣѹòѪǱƬõѪ
ʹ죬ʹ죡
ڴνӳģǿҲ޷ѹ档
Ȼ֮УҲִƿأ򲻿ɵģ
һ£˼ɫ԰ף߶Сǧ̫
ݲϢҪ߶޼ߡ

һȫСǧ澹ӡ߷ѪŶ
ˣ̫桢æ
ϹѽסһͷԵ
Ħۣתи֣ǲٸС鷳ȻӳΣǿԿԼʱգ
ǺôҲһȺǰǿ߷׷ͬ
ಣ
ĦӴ߷͵ĵƷʵͷҲһͬ뿪
Ҳȥ͸͸
뺮ػ桢Ϲݣ
ţֿ·ӡ賤һͬ뿪
ǧ˲һṦͳͳ뿪
գ޼ȻȻڶ롣
ǰλǲܴͨɱȥִƿؽ죬ֻǿд磬ȥٴν뱦ӳ򣡡
ģϹŶû
˼ʣ˳ִ߻δɱȥ֮ʱû뵽ӰԶ罣Խն
ϴ󣡡淢ּӰ
̡
תԶӰԽʵһϢʼ춯
ѪħϢйɷǳϤζ΢΢һΪִߣû뵽ħ֡
ţֵʲãǰȷʰǣ
ħ½ǿߣĦΪԾ

ħӰڵϢһһֶ
ͷħǿߣʱ桢Īаһ


1190 Ԫ
Ϊһ棬̨ʮ֮һԫ
һҲİǻʼ½̫ŽɣյһţԪ
ӷ֮࣬Ϊ֮꣺ִߣû뵽ħ½ǧӿһǿߣ
ԫԪ֣ʱԫĿˣɨͷ磬棬ּˣû뵽㾹Ȼӵ޼ִ׷ɱ棡
˴ˣ˴ˣ治䲻Ӧһ䡣
עͻȻԪϣԪ뵽ڻʼ½棬һĻĻ
뵽һǿߣħۣ
һЦԪԭҲħ½Ϊħˣ
Ҹ常ȻҪħ棬ҽ첻ΪģΪħ½ħǿߵİĦ죡
û뵽ԪֱӣһָڰĦϡ
ڳĿ⣬ڰĦϡ
ĦҲһͷˮǧȥһ˷ǣħ½˼ǵԼ
ĦֶԪĮȻҡͷ粻Ƿħʿħ½֮Ҳ뱾޹أ
ԪδȥƵģħǿߣִǧ꣬ѵͲǱ𣿻ɣħûˣħҲʧħһͳƷ磬ǣδ
Ȼǲٻħ½Ħܹϡ
ɲ㣬һΪֶܲܿɣһԳ֣ȥ˼ԪҲˣǰǧǿߡ
ͻȻǰȻǰԸߣԪ˰ɣзħӦҲħ½ɣҵˣѪ£ЩҲңڰɣȥһ
棬ϴڵ棬ûɱ㣬常һЩҲûȥ㣬Ҫʵжǿ˷ҽȻˣԾͽѹ˴ȥħҲҪЩ֡
Ҳǻʼ½ʿעڽ죬֮һս
ΪС£
δСκˣֻǿ߽֣˶ѣӵзħϢȻõ洫
棬ǷҪҾͳȫ㣬ħ֮жѪħ桢Ħ죬Ƕȣ·ţ
˿Ŀâ
ǵţ
ԪҲǣ
·УΧ˽Բڡ
ԫ˼ͻȻԪǰԸ棬ҿʰ֣
㲻֣ߴҲ˵ˣԻʼ½ҲǣȻԪǷҪ涯֡
СģǸСӣ֪ǿϢǳޣֻдﵽ޼۷壬״̬
ϹŶ֮Уѵ
ʵôѣ˭ԪĲ
˴󷽷޼ɵɱִص򣬵ƾһ㣬Ҳ㹻˵ʵжǿѹִߡ
˫ǧ֮зƣԷ·桢Ԫڤڤս̡֮
䣡
κһκŽɱһ
һ̣ӷ߿գͻȻӿһ⡣
⻯Ϊ󷨹ҫը죬Ƭ߿գڽ״̬
ִ׷ˣӶȥӷɵ
ִߡĿ治ʱ򣡡Ԫ븶ԫҲɨһۡ
ħ
ҫ֮Уһٶִߣ󷨣Լٶȶ
Ħ첻̾Ϣ򡭡
üͷִɱҲԤ֮УĿȻԪ´ٽ֣ӦûлᣬʱҪ㱳ѶŽɣͶħϷħΪжǿ󣡡
˭֪ԪӦƣ˵ܴ˵СҲСɱɱ֮ǰھŴִУ
ɱħǿߣ
һһƬâɱ
һִߡ
ͷ߻ʥϿԪϣӣ

ӣǿǾϹŶ
泯ÿͷԪҼæץʱ䣬һͬȥ
ԪԫɱһЩħдаֶƵħ
ƺҲӡֶͷ֣֮һ֮ȥ
Ԫһ˳ˮ顭
ЩħǷǳʵҲӵ޼䡢߶ȣħħʿΪ־Ĵڡ
˫ɱִߣܵЩħͷħӰ죬ƻмһִ߲׷ɱ
ˣҼԦ˿Ҳ
ǧһĻΪ׳ۡ
ҲڸӦ磬ʮû뵽ÿԪϣԴһִ׷ɱ
Ħ쿴źЩԶ׷ɱִߣɱࣺΪִ˿ԪϣΪѳ޼ʵ̫£Ҽӿٶȣ
Խ޼Ĵڣ
ɰ
ϹŶëȻɫƴ
Ȼ˸ͬĿ⣬Ժȣλǰ죬죬ⲿӦֻҪȥǲӳ򣡡


1191 ɱ
ֹȥκ
Ȼһ嫾ڳˣΪľͷ
Ǿھ죬֮
ӴҪҲףִŴʮľٵ̣죡
аڣҼˣë˭֪ţһܲ⣬ٶȿʼӿ졣
ţҲߺһ
䣡
ţַ·һ̣ڲڱը
ΪһɶߣͻȻħɷâѪ
ˣţֿʼûֱӾ޴󻯣ڶϢͻΪ𣬰ɾ޴ľħ֡
⡢ⲻƷ
ϹŶǿ﷢ë
ƶ̾ϢҺţһģִߣ鷳ʹˡ

ţվڷ֮УͻȻ
һɽȻԽնȥ
ڷɳ֮УȻɱ˫ȫ
飡
Ǿȭ򾧱ڣԼ󷨣֮澧ڲʱգ𵴡
ţδԼǿ󣬽顣
ȥ
ͻȻ׳һĨ⡣
ţֵץס⣬ԭϹ챦ɽ
׼ãٴν޼ֿʼ߶ڵڶ޼
ʮң׷ɱӣŭХţ֣ҶʤһҪѹ㣬ţƤɽʣЬӣţɰ
ٺ٣ӿүүģ˾ħ֣Ὣˣ
ţŭˣ
һɱɽ¡һ˸£漣ˡ
ţһ˳ԵؽǾɱﳤӣʱֲѷ
ţҲһˡ
ಣ
޼
һתۣ˶ʧ
޼ɲǳţַȥţת򣬷·Ǻҹ֮еҹħߣ
޴壬ͻȻʧȥ
һ󣬽飬޼
޼ǿܵ赲ǰԵػһӴѿڣ뿪֮С
ɶ޼һ׷ɱǧ׸߿գοǰʧ

һĨ⣬Խǣһӳ
ߣӲˣǲ׷ˣӡӣпܣԽԽƻʥν磡
ӿĨ⣬¶Цݡ
ִ˳ڷȥ
ӳˣ
һ̣
籩֮Уֻз籩ԼƬʯ
Ҳ飡
޼ӺһƬڰգƿն뿪Ρ
ڣ˶ڻ
֪޼ԿԿסԾ͵뿪Ǿܳ׺Ϣ
ƺһ˫۾ڰǡ
˶ף
Ȼ棬ˣ˶ʱͨӿΧ
ΧֻԼƬ޼Ǵ֮С
ڴʱǰ֮ͻȻһɫ
˿𣬶һŵ
д㣡
ǡ
޼ߣһ򲻶ԣֳĬ
˼ʣͻȻ˵ˣ˶⿴ӦþǶʤݣΪأݾ޹֣

ˡ
ǿһ죬ܵشʧꡣ
ͻȻΧᡢ˻ݷˣʮû˿ԴߣǰûˣԺҲܣδԳ֣ܵõƷΪǿ޼

ڣĿɿڴǰɫ𣬷·ܵӰ졣
Ǻεʵ
̿ˮ濴ˣλõģ֮Уǻ˵׼ﲻȻգûִҲգҲ£ԻȻ壡
ʦ˵ļǣʵָһЩҵǲ
û뵽ӴʱЩϹŶһݰǡ
ҲЦ֪ߵغ
桢桢֪ӵӵоڰǰӵҲκβðɡ
ȷ
ǿߣʱҲ˽ʤʷԶƷ˷½Ϊϵһ飬Ҳżһ½ʵǰռݶʤݣһЩ
˵׷侲
ڴʱҲδ֣һ治ɵҲǲܵġ
ʤԹ˽ܵ飬ż˵֮УжԶٹļأޣ޹ֵȵȣҼǵһ˵
ʤʮ֮ǰʱݺһƬɣ沢ʢȴһ֣Ϊ𡯣ݴز
ʷ֮УҲֹǿݹ꣬ʤľ޹֣Լݴ½ĳеġ̩
Σ̩ڶʤݺ֮أ޹֣ʤݣҲβ׵ĴڣҲǵһμ𣬵˵ʵ޼Ϊǻĸ߶ȡ
Ŀ£渵


1192 ʤݾ޹֮
˴ʱ¿ˮ
ƺףΪζʤǵһʥء
챾Ҫӡ޼ȴȥ
ͻȻ䣡
Զǵ֮еɫ𣬷·˹ȻԶȻΪһӰ
ɱˣ
žž
ȼճƣ߶ϯ˳ƽʼߡ

ɫԽԽ죬ҲԽԽƽʯ顣
˶ס𺳿֮еӰһᡢļӡ

һɫɵĳۣоͬʬһ㣬ϡƤǲ԰ףȻɫΪ⣬ɫƤ͸Ų԰ףûѪҺһ㡣
죡
˵֣ǿһۣҲƵ
ٶ̫ˣȷ׷ɱһ󷽡
Ҳ֣ƺòɱκһ׷޼
м£ʲôϴ޼ϵҲ޷飬ֻҪڲ취סˣ
ȴôɣ˿¡֮ǰ߶޼ܵشҲģ˱ػٴܵش
⵹ǡ˽ſ档
֮ǰ߶СǧԻ磬Ըǿߣ֮ǰִ߷С
ʱվɫʵĳ̶ȣĵز
֮ûе£Ϊܵ¡
֮֮ȿʵжྪˡ֪һ̣˭˶Ϣ̾Ϣ
Ψܡ
ĿȻͣͦΣ
߶£ϯȻ
ͻȻһƬ
˿Ϸʱһ˫ͫ־塣
ΪȻ׷ڴǰǹâƣ˲
δһʱ֣£Ŀڣκ˸߳ӵĹţ֣ˣ

ţҲһҶҲ׹ٴڣ˭֪ʤ̩иǿ֮
֮ǰ㽻֣ҢǸϼһְֹţȫʺҴһеһսû뵽սˡ
Ŀǰ֣Ժ˵ˣţξȻƢԣǰ˭ǰ
űȥˣ
޵֮Щһĥ˰ɣ
ûʸ˵ңڶʤȻ˶㣬м㣬붫ʤʿ˼꣬أ
ţ֮ǰɣ޼
˵󻰣ʵȻǿ󣬵޼Ʒܺһ˵棬˵֣
Űɣ
˫˭ҲԸ˺һ
ƺŭˣ
ٶȾ֮Уƽء
һɫ˳Ȼֻ֣ħצȻ޼ǰ
žž
˫ֱ֣ץ޼֮ϡ
Ȼ
޼Ǿ˭ȥ
ţֿԣû뵽ֶһ
ץػεδץ飬ڲˣҲǶᡣ
ǿǿʤ˾޹֣˭˿԰⵹
ϹŶ̲סߺ
ۣ
澹ڴʱһѪ
ϹסȻᵹ¡
ģ
ţֿʼˡ
û뵽ͻȻʼ޴󻯣򱦶ӡ
վڱڣϰӴȻȥ֮⣬廹ھ޴󻯡
˼飡
֮У޼Ȼһ޼̫
ⲿţɱӣʱϴЦţβԸ񣬱ñƲ㣬Ʒ磬һ˫־Ĺ
䣡
ţ治һȭ
һȭײȻֲ
ֻһεɱһ𣬷ţ
ţ˫ͫ˸һУȻ˫ͫǱħɷһС
аԵؽпҲд֮УٶȡܵӰ
ˣãã
ɱ
һ˫˫۾û뵽ʱ˷ޱȡ
ţϵͨǿȻش
Ǵˣ
Ǹ̫ˡ
лֻðһЩǡ̰ˣȻûش˵֡
ʱţ֣Х캣ֵطǿͬݺӵаУҶǴҵĹΪʵ˲ࣿ
˵ʧȥԣʧȥһУ֪ơƣţȥʤݣԺ󲻾ãһᳬԽ㣡ţҲԾѡ
žž
ٶ̫ˣ
ͻȻ󷽣צӣץţ󱳣ţ̣
ʱץһѪۣĿģѪ֮кɡ
ȫ֣
شͷǲߣ
ڼž


1193 նұ
Ҷ޹սʱ˾ЩϹŶҲƽһμʶ
ȴǱ֮УͻȻӿԼѪ档
Ҳ޷ȥæ桢ɣЩǿߣӲȥ
ȥǲ޷ߣߣţֻᱻնɱ֮С
ţǿһӳɽһҪס취͵Ϯ
һ磬һɽʧڱӡ
ˣһδ߶Сǧ
ԺԪ
ԭһڴ߷Сǧ
û£һӳȥϲߣҪһν߾ȫĲɱʵ̤쾳
ںĿ¶㣬֮С
䣡
ⲿ
ٶȣһδιŰվ޼֮УʧȥٶƵţ֡
Ű
ûд
ţڴ֮ǰκǿߣռоơ
ִߣЩ޵ɱҲޱȴݣ׽ν顣
أ
վ޼֮֮У޷ʩչ
һ
ٶ£·أٶţΧ˸צ̫ǿ߽׵ࡣ
צצץţϣ󱳡۰򡢲ӡšѪۣѪΧɡ
Ķ壬ȻȲ棬Ҳţռơ
ٶһ㣬ţûа취
ۣ
ĥţѪ⡢ë֮ϯţһͷϹӣκιЧġ
Ȼ
˭Ҳֻ֪ûǻ۵ţͿ챻Ű
ҲԽ⣬ţƾ޴ţ޷ӦţȻһֳֻѹ
һֻ֮УͳһĨ⣡
Сǧ
ಣ
ڣС˼ʴȥ
ûκƣƾͲˡ
¡¡
ţѹ϶ˣ֮һݡ
һֳֻûɽ
Ҳмֲִ٣ٶȣھƳѹ˲䣬һ
ݣ
ɽɱ֮е
ڽɫ䣬һα˳һԳ
Ѫ
һҪɽ
ţιҲͰ׷ˣҲţֶΣӷ
ţٶӲ˰ҲҵĶ֣Ѫʩչһֱ޴һֻѪ
ٶ٣ɽߡ
ţ¶ЦһһߺߣοҪѲƤˣ
ҵʰ㣬ڽٶ£˲ȻҪɽ¶ߡ
˭֪
һСӰϢ󷽡
Ӧ治ĳֲѰϧˣСȻһײ塣
ݣ
ɽţӳһҲͷϷԸٶȣţޱѹ£һɱϢâ

ܡˣ·ײĳֿϣٶȡѪ޷˺һ
񣿿ܣԭС
ţޱѹŽ棬ɽɱϷ
Ѫݣ
ȻȫΪѪ
ΪѪˡ
ϧ˫ۻδȫѪұۡ
Ѫ֮󲿷ѪԽС
ۣ
ұѪ֮һɽУžұϿ
໡
һҽǱԽСѪ

úãʣʣ
ڣһֱѹ֮еˣԿɽұն£ġ
۸ߺʹ
Ҳ߬ȭͷȫһɾ·𶼼ȭͷٽ
𡭡
ţ֮У˫ȭͬ忪ʼûŭ𣺡´ټ㣬һҪӮ
أ
ţ־޴壬գ۾һݣ֮г޼ȥ
СɽҲ֮ʧ
һѪ
ͻȻһ˫Ѫͫ·ֻ֣æԦѪץȥ
ǷţЦ
ţ֣һҪƷ磬·׳죬ҲҪ㾾֮ܣռӱѪǶ׷ȥ
ȥְɣСүˡ㣡
Ѫ޼ȥ׷ֻ籩Ķ֡
޼˿̣һǣԶƬ籩ա
ڣ
ʹ졢ʹ죬ˣлıڰͷϣҲͷ
صռ䣬ţֻ϶ѪۣҲҪ̡
ˣɵҩ¸ͣԺ󲻻㣡ţҲ޲ڡ
ţ˺ۣǰҲ˴ͷ
ʣ£滹ڷŴ߶޼
ͷǿ޼ӿΧ
ҲһоԷڸղţ϶Ըڽش


1194 ʥ
ûа׷ѣϹͷƣͷԦԻ޼ȥ
˻űӡ
û׷ɱֱ뿪Ƭ˲ģڱȴš
Īа賤Ħ졢ӵԱߣʦ֣־һΣˣһ۵òᣡ
Ħƣ棬ζǰ㣬ˣҪΣ֮գ
Щˣ֪ͼ֮ģ˵ԺΪģҲĵ
ζʤ֮ãһɳ̤Ʒ֮ãûаҲҶ졢ĥûһĥѣҺ̤쾳Գɾ޼
ȻƣȻУźˮִ˳ǻҪҪһʱ䣬ҺϢ
ʦ֡
ӲζܣҲһù
ջ뿪
ϻһӦƿ޼޼߿նȥ
Ԩ
ҵ֡ҵְ
һԨ֮лصš
ɶţ֣ǸС棬δܹܴ裡
ԭǻΪְ̬ͨסʧȥұ۵˿ڣʯ֮Ѱ֡
֣
һӰϷտٶ
һӣģִԲ̣һ룬·һʦ
Ǳ뿪·̩ôϷˣ
ղʥӦԪΪҴȥ֮У֪׷ɱţ֡
ˣ˵ͱϱ𺳡
һƽţ֣
ţʵӦò֣һ֣꣬𸣵ؽѹ֤ʵδﵽָ߶ȣ
ǴˣţҲͬʱľ޹֣ԭѽ޷мܣû뵽ӦǸ棬ţˣֶΣһǳıұ
ұۼӲ̶ȣҲоƷ˰ɣεȷһ˲䣬ұ
֮Ҳ˵ʲôһۿȥǳͨԸͷˣɶ񣡡
˵꣬޲һطȥ
ˣ㶣Ժͫҫ˷
޼ȻǴ˵֮еɱ޼ڣûҵķݣӦ֪޼
ȷ깥޼ڣ޼ʥ޼϶ٸͷŴ󣬱Դ޼ǿڷȷ
ǲ֮Уҵ޼ϢЩ˻붫ʤĳԨ֮С
½̣֮½֮ҵ̣ٻħȻиɱʥ磬ֻܴɱǵȥȥ½Ⱥˣ
Ƭ̣ɲһһʧա
Ҳʮ
ݴ½ĳһضֺƬֺ·ھΧƺ
ֿĺˣ⸴ӲϢɲƬֺ
ಣ
ֺ
ȻһƬƺ֮Уһ׷ԲԵߣһΪӣȻ塣
̩ˣ˺Ȼתˡ
ʥ
˱ȭּԱ߰׷ˣͻȻһæû뵽Ҳ
쿴ˣǹϡմ΢Ц
ͻȻݴ½Ҿһ𣡡ˡʥ͵
Ǻס
ʥħʥһٲǿߴ룬ħһֻʥ֮Уʥд֣δƻ
αǸõ޼棬֪εֶǱУһֹѺײЩˡ
Ŀǰ½ԼѱҷƿأΨһһźţֽ֣ұţ֮֡
ʥʵ㱨
е˼ţҲƷؾǿߣɱ֮ϧʵɣδɱģţɣҲʧȥһұۡ
ʥǾȣƺס
ˣû¾͹ǣ仰úˣʱߺȻǡ

û˶˵һ䣬÷ӦͲˡ
˴д㵣ķʥȥ٣ƽʱ붼벻ײβȻΪʥһ
ΡȻǰǺѪϴ޼ڣҲδõһѵƾ޷ѹħʥ̣ǿӵִˡŴԼ
棬Ʒоͷ˭ִ˿Ϳ
ҪʵأʱаħƵҷִ磿
ҲǣʮƷ˷ħʥ̣ʥ֮ȡʵ벻ףħֿɱΪβɱ


1195 αװ
ħӦҲٻ֪ʥҪԣӦֻ̽̽·֮ħһɱ
ǻ֪˭ħ½Ʋ
ۡʥ˫֣ƬƲ㣬ƺ񷡣
·һǿͨռ䡣
ݴ½֮С
ոȥҰףȻƾʧ
ٴγ֣ҲͲڶϢȪɽ߿ա
·ܼʿ
һЩʱհˣû뵽ִܽΪ֮޲ߡ
פãʧȥ

ֲռ䡣
γɷ籩Űޱ޼ʵռ䡣
޼ڷ籩֮Уƻͨ˵ѱ顣
Ȼ䣬Ϸ֮Уֵʯ㡣
ݴ½Ԩ
֮У漤
Ħ졢ӡĪа賤ȵǿߣ׷һͬϲϤ½ײ㡣
Ӧ֮״ָ̬ʮ֮һ־ʱ̸оһƣ״̬
ŷ֮޼Բƣز֮С
ಣ
һǿ߽Դ޼뿪ֱ֣޼ʧȥ
ϤϢ
Ȼò棬ȻǶʤݾӳˣ
ǿǽף
ûΪҴ·Ӧ˺ŵѳȥҲȥ
ʦָ֣ΣԱߡ
һգڲŻָʮ֮һãֻҪ뿪ʤݣܾУָܻ֮иоů⡣
ôˣҲֻӡȼˣ泩С
һʱСѲ㣬ڸܵȻϢ
ٶȣһڴǰˣǵȷڶʤݣѲȪɽϷһյأΪݶߡûɽǰһΪͨҲǳյ磡
ݶߣ
ӽ˵ؾԺкܳһξ룬ݶ߲δԺƿأǿˣӳʤݣϾִһὫʤݷǣ
Ħ쵱ڿ棺Сӣģ
һ̣ǧ˽Եȴ˵
һ˫˫Ŀ£ݲȣһ֮ãҼʶƷ綥ͷж಻ô˭ִܱ֤˲ᷢһ˿һϾǧǶνưѿأλϢҲǷǳ˽⣬뷨ǵ뿪ʤݣֻҪȥǿԽڣ꣬ڿռޱȺ嫣㹻Ϣ
ţǾͳû붫ʤݣȷ̫ΣգҲݲ˿أϢĦ켲һ
ߣ
ǻǰ·
һ˽δʩչ龳ͨٶȣܿһϿȷ棬ֺյ֮д
յ֮ҲһЩݷҲмʿϢš
˶ǲʿȻԶ⴦ݶߣ
ԼĪһ꣡
;ԺӣԼʿоգŻ½Ե뺣ա
һִ̲ˣ
ÿ˽ԷɵƯţû֮󣬶ǿſ꣬ǧ׺ίʵ𺳡
ҲĪа賤ڡ
ϴ̫࣬ھۼУǲǱˮ£ˮԾۼ
˺Ψ桢ϹݻڰƯš
Ǳˮ£Ǹ⣬ǰδ⡣
ڲӵнǧǿߣǶ޼ΪҪ
ӣˮƯ̫ױԺԼִ˸Ӧ
ٺ٣и취ǰרУʿ׷ɱ
ȴ龫֣ʾ濴򰶱һСֻҪӵ£СںǱУκʿֻһС޷͸СҵϢ²ҲֻΪ֣ͨһƯС֮£ʱʱ̿պϵȻ
һαװ
ֿ˻Ҳһ⡣
Сˮ²㹦򣬾üСͿգСڱϡ
СнȻȴ׿ʼںƶûһ㸺
ڴˣ桢ϹݲŷĻصڡ
óռĸ߼鵤ָǿߣ֮ڣÿ˽ʼָ
һѵǿߣָֻܻ⣬ǿ߽ԿʼָԪ
ֻҪָɣЩһִ֣׷ɱҲռٱˡ
Ҳɲٵҩ֮֮ں״̬ҲЩҲʼ߰׹ǣԼλɱǿ
һһ߹ǺϢƲǿңȴڷ磬о׹˷·Ӧˡ
Ҳ֪ΪλƷ磡
λɱǿ߷ˣ֮ǰղڲв٣̺ħɾؽħںϣһǿߣҲ֪úεȰ취˲


1196 ı·
Ҹоǿһһ߹ǺϢǳƣ̫߼һʱҲԲȻδΪٴʤݣȥʥ򣬾ܽ⿪ܡ
Ҫܿٻָ۷塣
뵽֮ǰڵԨؽˮõ߹Ǻ
Լײɱִ˵ķˡ
ʬǺٴξѪɫ࣬ؿʼ÷վоΪټ֡
Լʼںһ־
Զ붫ʤݣһºѽǺǿʬ󲿷ֳֳɺüɣзָţ֡桢Īа賤ںϡ
ʣһ֣ԼʬԱ˲ںϣӿȫ֮С
һ͡о
ɸ߼֮ȫһС
ڴʱʣϴǽԶ붫ʤݣǱɳ½𣿡
ɳ½
˭֪һʣ潫סһʱƿԡ
Ҳ뵽棬ʵġ
ʱͬǰôˣжǿߡ
ԭΪ֮УȳЩǿߡ
ˣɳ½Ȼû⣬ִѶһ˽⣬δһȥɳ½֮ôǿߣ
Щǿߣ֮ж꣬Ϣͱִƿأǻصɳ½ִ߹ƺȥ
һִɱȥɳ½ｨǾˣ˵֮ǰõĴǳأҲ˶𡣡
˼⡢ĬʱǽĿǰ棬С
ǲпᣡ
ݲһؼԺˡ
زɳ½
ɫЩϧǲɳ½Ʒ磬ﻹǲ֮
ʱҲû취
Ϊǿظʬʱʱ̿ȫںϣʱѻָɡ
״̬Խ£
ӦҲ͸ﺣܿСһЩСԾ붫ʤݻǷǳ
ƶԪϣܴӶʤ׷ɱ
Ȼ䣬ĿʱڱϣںƶС
ƺ뷨һֻȻ֮УüҲʧˡ
棡
ӦжصʵǷһϴĺ
ж󣿡䲻ף滹֪
ɵƣӦñɵСһЩ
ⲻǿߣٶȲ죬ಽٶȲ࣬ٶ£ҿԳУ
ŲٶȣҲ̫ˣ
û취ɵҲСϴǿһ޴󺣵оͲˣţҲС
ܷ취ٶȼӿ죿
ϴ㲻ȥɵɣ
漱ӣ治ɴ󾪣ϵ㻹ѵȥռ˼ҵɵ
ҡҡͷɵճɳǴ½
˵Ǳ½øǱ½֪ã֪뷨֮һʵ
𣿡
ȻУʵҲǱ½Ȼܵ־ţͨǧĺѩҲ
а취ӿٶ𣿡
ĿǰûͷҼԿǱ½
ôǿ߸ǣǻɳ½ִߺܿҵǱ½ͲͬңԶں֮Уд½Ǳ½ʱʱ̿ƶ֮УԱ˷֡
취Ҳǰ޹˺ߣ
Ǵ뵽ģ
ҲһݹͣȻУϾôǿߣҪһطָʵɳ½ȥãԭʤ棬Ҫβ޼ΪĿģһִ֣˻ӿж
ۺֵǱ½ǰԶݴ½Ҹ;Ҫ쾳
ۣϴ컯޼ʵ̤쾳֮ʵҲܴﵽ޼䣬ʵѽ۷壬ͻƶ쾳ԦͨҲ֮ߣʵжֲִɱҲ㹻ǳһģ滹Ҫ
úĬĬı䷽λƷشԶһǻǰС
˽ڣ·˯һ㡣
Īаˣ賤Ҳˣ޼ϹŶĦ졢ӵȵǿߣҲڴ״̬
ţαˣΪ氵дĲ鵤ҩҲٻָš
ֻ֮Ϲ״̬һֱԱߣעڲⲿһж
ѪɫҪ߹Ǻһ㲻ɣоһǿ̶ȴﵽı屶˼飡
ʱһ촩
ڹעָͷ͡
˲֮ѻָɣκҲѪ£Ȼ޴档
ήҵͨԪҲڹĵ£ɣ
ѪɫڣһǱ½һɳ½Ĵ½ԴɫԼԨؽˮ·õѪɫ֮бվ


1197 쾳
ЩɶľѪɫں֮͸ÿһ䣬ʹָ
Ķżĥ쾳
쾳Ƿ棬ڶ󾳽硣
컯ҪԼͨںϣ濴ףʵÿһϢԲס
ɲǰ򵥣ҪѪҪؿռ䣬Ѫᡣ
쾳Ƕȡؾһ㣬ǵģҪһǿǿʤĵġ
ǿʤǴܶݣҲǷâ֣һŸء֡򿹺ĵġ
Ȼ쾳Ҳ컯һҪѪһȫԼϣͨԪ񡣡
쾳ף컯ѣż˵ֻҪǿŵģ쾳ͲѣͿûһضµĵģأҲͲ
ܶȡ֮ӵ컯֮ͨǶ쾳еľ裬Щǰ治ֺ󱲣߶·
Ķٹż
żԷ棬ҲлɱʤǿߣöĹż
˽Ϊ쾳˽ܳΪһ޼ͷǶô׵漣
ʱ濪ڣϴһˣԶ붫ʤݣǰ½½вٵϢ
ã
֮лعȫѻָ߳ɣ״̬ʱ޲
ǰ밢Ħ콻
Сӣл˵ΪϹŶרˡ
ʵҪܳһʱִָܻǰҳ֮Ǳ½ͻ֮󣬻ἰʱǻغϣ;ʲô·ϣ֣
ݣû⣡Ȼش
˷ģһжһУĿǰ֮Уʵӽ۷Ĵڡ
Ǻ
ʾţ֡ĪаϹݣȻڡ

߿գСȻǰƶע⿴ԿСƶ֮С
ҲһƬ̶֥СȺ
˲ϢȺ֮Уҵһ졣
ɺϹڸͷŸӦϢͷŲѪ뺣Χ
ֿʼ
ָ߳ɣɴҲһС¡
һи㶨֮ϹݡڲвѪԷġ
ţ֡Īаڴ֮Уóٸ߼ʯʯʼȫɵҩ
ʩչԪ󷨣ƼȻʼա
ĪаҲָңʴҲʩչԪ󷨣һʱԾһɽƯСϷ
޼Ǿټ󷲽֮Уҵ֮⣡
֮С
ϹվһŴڣż߿Ƽȥɵ÷ǳԾ
˰£桢Īаţֽڴɣ鵤һԾͷ𺳵ٶȻָš
꣡
ͣ
һͻϢȴĪаﴫ
û뵽һͻƣΪ棬ĪаȥСͻơ
̣
û뵽
Ԫ֮УҲͷžһƣâȫߣ
Ҫͻˡ
һɽʼ֮е
Īаűû뵽ʱҲǱǣ
һݣÿһë翪֮ɱƶȥ
쾳ϢȲ£ֻͷȫϡ
ڽͷţ֮ƣӵࡢͷƤ˲仯ΪѪ״̬
޷ƣȫѪҲزǧͷѪѪҲ
ѪԼ𣬹գ
Ͽ۶ƣΧҲˡ
һЩ籩Ҳϯƣ磬Լꡣ
ȴ쾳˵ʱӭ̤쾳Ӵ޼ҺΣ
ϳ£ڽڷա
ֲ𣬻Ѫ
ҲΪơ
ڲͬڲл桢Ҳиֺɷڱ
Զ㡭
ţָӦٿֲ֮ƣɵüæ߶뿪졣
֮УȻػԪ񣺡ϴҸоζ쾳ͬһ㣬½Դ֮ϴɽ⼣
Щ
Խǿңʱһ˼ش٣̤쾳Ǻܶ౦
ͷƣͷųһ½ԴԼɽ
ƯΧЩд֮УӴ
Ӧڶʤݣݺبؾ¶ɵ羫
Ҳ٣ҲǸֱããǷǶʤݡ
֮áΪõ̥ݡ컯׾¶󱦱ȴû뵽һռƻΪһţͲһлõ󱦱


1198 
Ҳ֪ʱٵõΪʦϴ裬賤컯ŪˣԽõʲôңߣ̤쾳һΪʦ鷳
ΪԺ뵽ζʤһ֮á
Ȼʯ⾼գʤݣٴλģ´λҪȡߵڶʯҲҪȥʥ򿴿﾿кεажʥ֮б

Ȼ߿մһƬ
̧ͷһԭǵһˣһɰܷյĽٻ
𣬻ǽٻ𣬶ʿԣǿֲĴڡ
Ȼһٽ٣Ҳָƽģٶ붫ʤݡ
һץΧճ
ٻҲӴʱ׹һΧ߿սһƬҫۡ
ಣ
һƳΪһͻ˳߿նȥƲȽȥ
ٶ˵֮Ц䡣
߿һ䵴ִСըޱѤԭ𻢣ٻ𵱿ҧ顣
׾ͽһٴ顣
û뵽ϢڶپˣҲǽٻںһ𣬾ɽѹ
滹ͷŻ𻢣ﵽͷ
ʵλ޼Ըֶ쾳٣Ѵ֮
ڶؽٻ𣬱ͻһδץ̻꣬Ѥڻ𺣸߿緢
ءءٽ״顣
˱̬࡭
صԶԶţ֣ʲô£ֶȥ⡣
١
ûʶƿأһ٣ᱻ׷ɱ
žžž
˼ʣ
Ǹ߿ս֮£˹ɻ֮ը
ըһҫ䣬֮飬ʱǸ߿֮Уɽڱ·׹¡
ⷽԲʮڰ٣ƬΪ桢⡢׸
ʦ֣ǵԶԶ㿪
ոͻһݵĪаҲȲѣ뿪С
Ϲݡţ֡Ҳ׷Զ룬ȥʮ֮⡣
ٿСȻûΧСҲ꣬ƬȻÿʼ飬Ƭûں档
ڲ
·롣
Χ쿪ʼƬΪƽأɭ֡ɽ塢ɽƽϷһڷա
½ԴɽҲ֮ӡ
ԭûٵӿ켸󱦱ʹںϡ
ɽ֮·Ҳݣֻмٻǣ΢˸
½ԴԱɽȻֻһǱ䣿ҲֱɽԿ٣쾳ǿھ٣ܲܽɽ⼣飡
ɽ
ھ
СΪ𺳣ʯڼΪ˵ġǰҲΪ֮ݡ
˵ɽ磬Ҳһ챦
֮ţ֣ɽҲܣ̫ӵڵ
ꡭ

ŹףϽٻգΪ״٣ӽ֮аѹ
˷׺ˣҲ޷Ƭǵ뵺졣
Ժ֮У̾ˣҴδ쾳ʿ˰٣һ쾳٣ǿʮϣ㲻Ȼٶ֣
أҵþη
أҲҪս
ȻӾѹԸоһδ޼߶ȡ
컯䣬쾳䣬飬Ը޼١
ݡ
ɽĿ⣬ݷҹ֮еޣٿȻǾٷȥ
߳߳
Ϣ䣬ɽסٻȵʱСѹ
ٷ·Ҫɽ飬ɽĽ⣬ҪѣϹɽֻǡ
ܽ⼣˰ɣ
˿ֲЧ
ȴϢһЩûɽֳɱ
ɱһͻȥ˫ڸ߿ɱиƬ׹˷
濴Ķǣʵӿͷڣһɡ
ֻʩչ߳ʵ쾳ٻ顣
޷ɱڸ߿ջΪƬ
Ȼ䣬Լܼɽ֣û֮ɽƯھ֮ϡ
Ȼ⼣߰ߡ
ٻ޷⼣ֻ취ǵ޼ʱøʮǿ٣ϴɽ
ʾһһͽɽӾġ
¡¡
ΧƬ׹䣬ĸֱը
棡
žڱҲ޷ֶá
ʮϢһʼʧٴӿ
Ҫˣ컯̤쾳һմپ󣬾ǽ

Ȼ䣬ǽ֮УȻ׹һ⻪
εȹ⻪
һֲǿңϼһϢ
ϼֱӴӽ֮нһڷͶΧЩƬϨʧ
ϼ⿴ôϢʧΧƬʧٴˡ


1199 ϼ
Ȼ̾˰󣬹ż֮мأ֮£ب֮У漣һ󣡡

ˣԶһ񼣣ż΢΢ţ˵һЩ֮ˣӵв֮ˣӵдˣӵд͵ʿŻ󣡡
һͨ
˵Ҳǵһμ磬Ҳûˣ󣡡
𣿡
ⷬӺ档
Ȼ䣬֮У·һЩ棬˿â
棿֪롣
æʲôֻǧѷ꣬ˣƻӵ޷ı仯飬쾳ʱ٣ȻҲϴ
ȻѵãҾͼӿգ󾿾к֮
ò
ڴ֮࣬ʱѴһ֣ʯ״̬
·飬컯쾳ڵȴһһᡣ
Ҳ󣬾ӡ
£·һƬϼظΧ׹⣬ǽٻ𡢷籩ϼ֮ʧ
ˣ
飬ؿȼϼͷȻ˲ûȫΧɶϼش
֨֨
ȼٻǣ𣬿ʼ͸Ƥ֮У߶־ȫѪ
֮ǰɵɵƤӴһЩ𣬻״̬Ͳһˣûоʹ࣬ʹһƮƮӯ״̬
ƺԪʶԻΪëؼ

ϼһӿ֮֮ǰδо𣬾ε
ڵȴҲڵȴ
˭֪ЩͷյѪ𣬾ںһЩ֪һɿȫѪѪ⣬ʼճѪ𣬾Ҳɻ档
Ҷδ߶Ѫ𡭡ʼˡ
ϼӿڣѪȫգԽȻ䣬һЩѪҲʼա
Ҳ
⻹ʲô
ӦزͻȻɽһ𵴣ͷԪһ־ϲ
زռ֮Уһɫʯʵһɫ棬Ҳʼȼա
뷽ѩһ棬жɫʯ
ɫʯ鱦٣ںϣʯ¾ںϣû뵽ɹˡ
ں֮ɫʯҲںϣΪƷ磬Ϊںʿ֮һ
Ȼһ̣δ߶£ںɫʯҲն
ˣ
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Ҳ֮ͨһûлǰǿ󣬿ʩչҲԽ󲿷
Ҳ
û뵽ֻ棬ʱԽȼյܸоϼϢںϣ֮УԿϼϢ
ϲ֮ھֶһֻ棬𣬱Ȼǳǿ󣡡
˭֪뷨仯
ȼոΪͣ·ϼ𣬷·ֻ£ڿʼںϡ
ں£ΪһŻУճδйĻ档
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濪ʼںϣΪһɷջʱͻȻһֲַѪ𣬻Ĵ
ô£û뵽棬֮¿ʼںϣ滹޷ơ
غҲΧǷջ֮Уǹϼӵһκλںϵ´ӽ쿪ʼˣѪںΪһ֣Ĳͬ𣡡
ҡҡͷҾѪǳҲԣ𣬱ںˣʧȥƣ
ҿɣȻ־ҪںϣǱȻкô˻Ƕ룬ԼҪںϣǼǲܵģٰһѣֵø˰

˭֪Ǻ£ǻ£
һδγԣ޷ϼĿֻܿںϡ
ⲻ֪
оĳ룡
䲻ʹ죬Ҳоܡ
濴֮⣬ƤȻȼգһ㻯ΪҽļΪ˻״̬
Ҳһġ
һȫκһѪ⣬ȻҲղʣлҽգų⡣
ƺϼ𣬲ҪںϣҪճɻҽҪɱ
˲ҪģҲδӻ֮УовҲһϴ衢ϴ˵
ϴ裡
ϴ
ؼ޷ɷҲֻܵȴȥϴҲ̥ˣ
ѡܣٿڣϼ໥ȼգڷֲѪ


1200 ȡ쾳
Ҳȼ֮С
Ψһǣоκʹ࣡
ž
˭֪
պܳһʱ˽ԻΪ״̬
һͬơ
飬Ҫ쾳ˣ
û뵽ȴŻգý֮󣬷ſ飬쾳
ʱ˿̣ܷյһ·Ҳһʶ޷ӦϿʼը졣
žžž
ͷţڵ⣬ȫ淢顣
ʹ糱ˮȫݲ÷ݲһ̱˺飬Ѫ
ʶҲԼУͨԪҲ·޷ƣʹࡢԨ֮У·һֻɢѪĴ
û뵽δ컯ͻƶ쾳˿ֲ
ȫ֮УȻʹ࣬κһ飬ȴû˿š
ͻƣǽ쾳ʲôҲˣֻеȴ
ڷջ棬Ȼڳš
ʹʶһδش𵴡
ֻϡؿȫѪ飬ҲǣǹҲ顣
δκһͻƣﵽ˳̶ȣ컯ͻƶ쾳ҵһδɱ䣡
ͦڴͻƣ̤쾳֮ǺεȲ
ϼڲϳ֮е棬ʱһˣѪʱʱб
һ飬죡
о顢ѪٶȻ䣬ӦҪӭ
Ȼ
ʹҲڼȻ䣬ʱϼ֮Уоһʱһ㡣
һɰ֮Ҳʼϯȫϼ֮г֣顢ƣȻʼӭȫ
ѪðݣԼ֨֨
һһ޷ĸо
·оϼ𣬾һɹӿԼȫ֮УȻΪһɹڿٽ֯
ʱڱ
ʶʼ¡
˫ۣһ˫֣ȻǷ״̬Լ˫ȣ֮Ҳڷ״̬
Ϥ״̬ϤˣǴ׽֣˴߶ͻΪ״̬벻Ҳﵽָ߶ȡ
Ȼʣתһϲ
û뵽֮еȻܴﵽţָ߶ȡ
ûƤ
о硢
״̬ίʵš
״̬ʱܡ֮УܿһЩó鵤£֮һܶ쾳
Լ죡
Ҳ̷
ûнơ
ϼΧգȻ
ͫҫۣһԼ˫ۣʱȻǷջ״̬˫۳Ϊ˻ۡ
ȫҲ״̬Ӧ֮£ܿһЩѪ⡢Լǹ
ϼͷȼգܿѪ⡢ѪǴϴ֮С
ڷջʱˣ
ɻ澹Ȼϼһ㣬Ϊһϼɫ
ҲûѪɫ󲿷ֶΪϼ״̬
ִϼ֮УӦǿҵѪԼϢϼ棬ںϡ
һ֣ں֮Ĳ
ʱ𺳵ˣ𣬾Ȼӵ

治ΪȻʱһ֮УڴҲ
ˣҲ˼𣬱֮оʹ
˼ȫڲ
ǰҸӦˣǳ
ܣֻٲӵУδŹκһʿӵ
֮Ҹоˣͻƽ㳢һ£˵Ӵӵ
ϣɣ
ǷԣǾ̫ס
˿ϼҲ̺Ѫ𣬿ڴ󲿷ֶϼҲԾԾԡ
ڳûиտʼǰҡ
ٵȴһʱ䣬ڴ󲿷ֶ˿ٸӦȫû뵽ϹָѪܵʵ硣
֮ǰǸ״̬
ءزء˲ؿռԱ컯һҲˣȫҲ׳һҪࡣ
زѪһЩѪѪʱﵽǧͷһֻݵ޾š
֮ͨԪϹĵ¸ҫۣݹԪ󣬶ǳԪ
һһּҪ͸Ĵ
Ưˣͻƶ쾳ںϴﵽ߳ɸ߶ȣٺ٣Ժ˴߶ңֱӺ޼䡢ǿԪ䡢ͷҲԶԸԪ񡣡
쾳һ䣡
ͨ΢΢Ӧȷںһ߶ȡ
㿴ʯףȻûһ˿ںϡ
ȻעͨԪ󷽣ӡʯס
ʯף
һʯһƯţ


1201 ϵ֮
ͷԪӦ޷͸һ˿һҲûһں
һ֮ҿʯ׷ǳħΪСҲΪ˵ʯ׾챦оɽɫһĴڣ޼
С
ɵã뵽ƶƣ£ʶСƸꡣ
˲أ
˲̫嫣ڲȻϡӴΪ̬Ҳ̺һЩѪһâѪֽ⡣
·Ҳ̺󲻷
ɽɫ
һ֮г֡
ɽȻ⼣߰ߣϴȻûһ仯
ɫ΢΢ͷһȫʱ̻ںϡ
ɽ̫ǿ˶Ϊ֮̾˵κ٣޷ȥ⼣
ϧ챦Ȼ޷ںϡ
ٽ½Դƿضû뵽½ԴȻں֮
ڵԨؽˮڶʤ޴Ҳںϲ٣ںѪ֮С
޼
ע޼
޼ƯͷŸӦһۿ󷨡
޷͸󷨣˵Ȼʵ޷ں޼
ֿɽõ׷Ժϵõʱûȥˡ
򣡡
˲ܺĴڡ

һֻ򽣬ûжٱ仯ȴһֺʵо·Ҳ
治У̤쾳Ʈ죬Īֻдﵽ޼ã
ӦѪɫ
Ѫɫλ룬뷨֮ܿٽŽǡ졢棬Ƿ̺
Ӧñ컯˰ɣ
룬Ȼץһ޼Ʒʵҩ
֮ԦѪɫࡣ
̣
û뵽ҩи롢˺һһűһȦĵҩܿͱһ룬ΪһЩѪɫ
ϢһŵҩʧˣҩѪɫ࣬ӿɢ˲ӿȫ
̫ˣԺԪ󷨡Ѫ󷨡Ѫ֮⣬ֶһֶΣѪɫ࣡
Ѫɫúһ󶼴ھϲ֮С
쾳о治ڸоԸ޼䣬˿
ϼڳҵóûոˣҲӡţҲ
Ѷɽٳɹ쾳һ䣡
üɵٳͷ֮һͷųȥ
ڶϢӰ
ӡţ֡˼Χ
ǶϷ٣Ȼη벻
ֱһϼ֮Ϊɣֱӿȥ
ڴˣһ֮ҲϣٹȻû춯Ҳ
㣬ϼʼʧϷҲڱãΧЩҲٰԵ඼ʧ
ʱʮﵺ죬ֻʣһ룬Χ֮£ΪʣµĶһƬ

һɹɻ棬ţ֡Ϸա
̺ϼϢںϣγһɹѪɫȼա
ȻϼҲоջ
ٳɢȥֱƣҲ𽥻ָƽ
ںԼϼ仯ɵжྪˣ
˻ںϣԶһʯ
ʯ֮£ճɺ̿Ƶġ
ָһһĨȭͷСϼ棬ϼƫɫӦϻ
䣡
ͻƶ쾳ں컯ǰ棬ʮɴʯ˲ʯըƬͳͳڿзա
潣ԣ
һһھƷ潣Ư֡
ǰѧϰһ㣬ָӡΪһϹϻ𣬵潣ϡ
Ʒ潣ѷǳ̣Ƕ쾳ǿߣϲʩչķ
ȴӲȵ潣ͻȻ귺ϻȻ潣Ȼʼͨ죬Ϣ֮󣬾ȻΪҺ壡
ۣ
ԺÿֲϢͽƷ潣գ޼߽λǿߣҲ޷
ʲô
ܷһھƷ潣ǾóһƷԣ
ʣôƷҲһ㣬ͷϼϻʼƷ
Ӧò̫죬֮Ҳں棬Ҳż
ҲͰ㹦򣬺Ȼһڻˡ
һЦͣ
ԭϼϻ£ƷҲΪҺ塣
ֵˣӦȫڴ߷ϼϻ𣬲ܿж಻
߶ϼϻ
û뵽һڱϿʼԿѪⲻٶʼڻΪϻ
ƤܿҲΪɫȫ·ʧһ㣬Ϊһ̣ͷŽԳΪһȼϻˡ
״̬վŻף
ϲϲˣڶ쾳һ䣬޼Ų飡
°ܽԸҵǺͣǸ֮ˣӹӡԭʥǿ̫࣡
ܵʱʱ̿ȼգû뵽ԼὫ𣬲ںϵ˳̶ȡ


1202 ɲ
ңоڻ֮У̺ǿҽٻΪ߶֮һɱ塢ͷԵϻͷų
԰ɣϴ󣬵ȷǽٻӦϼ𣬱٣ϴ̺
ΪεһνӴϼ𣬲δоٻʹࣿ
֮޷ͣô꣬Ҳδˣһɱ䣬ӵһȫµ˵ȡ֣
ȫ٣ںѪ𡭡
˼֮У¶ЦݣȻں𣬾ͽɲ
ɲݣϲ˵õոһʣ壬˻ںѪϽٻبӦǵһˣ
Ϊ壿
ʻЩš
治ס壡
ǶԹżبʷУδֹʣһֳƺ˵ɲبδںѪ𣬺𣬲Źʡ
ҲںУ
ʵһֻϵͨһЩϸԣȲѪָΪǿĻ棬ǰڵմȾԼѪ𣬹ʴֻ𡣡
ԭˡ
ͨ𣬽Գ֮𣬻ͨ𣬺ٺ٣̫ͨʿš
ҵɲӵѪԼ𡭡
ˡ
ϸ𣬴ӵʼھӵһЩͨ
ȷҪӡʩչͷš
ٿѪʱʱ̿ڷգô߶Ǿʩչ
һȽϣȷˡ
Ҳ֪ɲжⷽ棬Ӧôﵽ״ֱ̬ȴ˶Ѫ󲻷컯ܻܴˣ쾳һ䣬ǿߣбֳܷʤ
΢΢ѹƣɲ˲ָѰ״̬
ȻֱĤ֮£ΡΡ̬Ѫ
̫ˣ鸲γɽѪס
ÿһѪܿѪɫҲˣȻѪѪ̺һɫ
ѪҲɫƣһɫƶǷǼ治Ѫ֮гķ
ö֮Ѫ֮иΪ̵ĳջΪۡ
ӵеۣҲֻϵǿߣŻӵһ㣬δ˵쾳ʿҲܽΪۡ
Ѫ棬ҲкɫɫƣҲǷ
Ҳˣ漸꣬͸ʿٺ٣ȥ̤޼۳׳Щʿ˦üˣ
ʿѣΪһǧʿҪʿ
ģ
ߵ죬Ϊǿߵԭ֮һ
ѪÿһѪ̺˷һѪܴﵽ޼ҡ
£潫Ѫʩչгǧ޼ǿߣ
ĵ̣Ĳ
ӡţҲһЩϼٻҲһ˿˿ٲе
ô߶ͨȻԵ
Ǹȥ׷棬һˣҲȥ׺δɣڵĻĦ졢ӵһˡ
ϹݴԶһ˾Ϣ״̬ﵽ۷塣
ʱ˿̣Զ붫ʤݣڶʤȪɽ֮ǰǳսҲƽϢ
Ȫɽ⣬վʯΧƯƶơ߼󲻷֡
žͷھ۾ʯ
ϰִߣֻڼ֮Ⱥ
ú󣬼ͷʧ
ƶ׵λϸ磬ֲ²ʩչǸСʯ֮߳
Ǽ֣ҲδʯʲôʩչСʯ˲ͬһҡҡͷ
һִߺȻƿնλԪϣŴ䣬°˷½󲿷һ䣬Ѿۼ壬ʥ뼸λԪٹȥֻ飡
Ҫʼħ޼ڡʥ̳ˣ
ƻӻ䣬һȥ
̴ִӹ塣
壡
ձн磬ֻһͨ󷨣֡
һƬԨϿȡȺɽ룬⣬ʮʿȴš
󲿷ֶ԰˷½һǿߣɢ޾ͷ
Ҳа¹¹ӹӡ𡢷ѩ
У
ۼŲУȻ˾
ԭһŴһЩԺӶУʤΪǿ֮һ
𺳣Χȥ
еҮʴ;ǾǴδμӹ棬ʵľţʱ䣬Ҳǧ겻ɣ


1203 İٻǱ½
űһףǴˣһֱײβִߣ֮и߲㣡
Ÿȥʶύ
Ҳа¹ӹӡѩȼ֮ˣԭز
ߡ֮ҲҪ֪ҵ
ӹһ˫۾ѹһɺݾ
¹ȻҲȥʶһ£ǻҪǳΪʮţԺִһднʣ
ӹ޶ԣǸ߲㣬ʶҲ컹ˣζʤݣӦòپһţִݣȻӳ桢ԫˮīǼˣ
˭֪¹ܿܿһЦӣǲҵҲǵ·֮
ѩл˵˵ˣԺʲô£ǣ
ú
صѩߣһģ
ѩд磬ҾûǾ죬ȥѰ䣬޼УδƷҽκţ
߲䣬˵ʧټ֪ȥҲõ޼־ɫһ
˼Ȼõ޼Ȼȥɳ½ſ޼޼ǿΪãֻҪһɱɳ½
ҿǵȥʡ
Ҳգһʱᣡ
˱ɣУ
˵꣬ϼǶĲм
ڲ
һ壬Ǿ塣
ۼǿߣ붼ߣʿЩǵƷ˷½һĶǿߡ
룬Ǹ̨֮ʮ
ǵŴ䣬ˣΪǵִ˵Ҳִ߿еʥ
һۣ꣬ʵ쳣һǳʵ۷״̬
ʥԼŴΪʱ֮мߡ
ơߵȿԪϣ·ȴÿһ߽Դ¶ɭơ
·һ

ңң
籩ΧŲ㺣һЩʱʱˮ
һԾٶȣںǰС
ʯϣ桢ĪаԶ
ɽ֮󣬲һʱ䣬˴Խ׺Լ򣬲׷档
ӵ´ϴ󣬹ƻ²ŵǱ½һ׺Ӧ뿪Ǳ½Ƭ׺
ҼǵƬ׺ͷȵ죬ǿкȵͷ˫ͷ
̾Ϣ棺ʦ֣İˣǻˣ龳ǣ׺ҲǿԶȥ½
֪İٶˡ
İǰ龳Ҳδﵽ
꣬һʵﵽ޼߶ȣɽתƣδ䣬棬ȴʿΣĥѡ
ٶ̫ˣһ죬ʿǰ㾪ˡ
һЩϢо˾Ҳǡ
׺ҲǰôΣƬ׺ǵ뿪Ƭ׺һ롣
֪ǳżǱ½ҲδϢź׺
һЩǿʱʱ֣Ҳҵ棬漸ӵеϢҲǿǡ
ĪаȻ򣺡ֲջԭʥ״׺׺ֲ׶ǿ֣߳
ԭʥ
桢Īа꣬ǿ
ʱ֪Ǳ½֮⣬иΪ嫵ĺ½ԭʥ֣·
ͨ½ԴӦǱ½λ
С׺֮ǰУ׺˻ʧ
ɱͷ赺ǿߺ龩żȻõ׺ͼǷݺͼõͼΪʿ׺ָ֮λ
Ȼİǰİ潫Ǳ½õĴ½Դںϴ󲿷֣Ȼͨ羫Ӧңң֮Ǳ½

ڴŻصǱ½
˼ǰȻˮ̫Ѱ
ͷŸӦܿԷ֣ǰ׺д㡯ںۼ
ʦ֣ҵ׺ġ㳱ԽΪ
Ϊ滹߳ݣӦҲһĨ꣺㳱㶼㲻ǿߡȺµĴڣ½࣡
㳱ȷ£½׺Щ׺£㳱Իɱκ޼ǿߣ
ҸӦԼߡǹȥ
ﵽǱ½ȴˣ泯㳱ǷǱȥ
ʮϢ˾ͼ㣬һһߵ߳ȫ԰Χϰٺ뺣
뺣ٶ໥ɱ㳱ӦѪȣۼʱʱͷ˺֡
ӿ󣬲ǰ׺ǰ㲻ʵڶ쾳컯֮䣬̫ͨ
ȴأݵЦݣ취Ǳ½⡭


1204 أ
С⣺ˣ㲻ץ塢Щ֣СǱ½
Ҳֻʦ뵽Īаǳ϶
ֻףղҲ˵Ŀǰ֮أ֮ؾǱ½ǲܲƫԶǱ½ʱǾܲƶ½ϣܾŴִ˵ȵǿС
ǾȥˣҪЩ֪ҵ˵꣬һĨ磬ϯȥ
Ҳõġ
ЩߡҲ컯쾳ʵеĻ龳ʵʵλ޼ϣԸЩͼ㹻ˡ
һЩ㷢쿿С̫ˣһ˫ĵͫ⣬ʱˣһֳǿӿһɶ㳱
һЩ֣ҲǱ۸ˣ쿴ʰǣ
ͻȻ֣
ʱһƬ⡣
Ƭ⿴Ʋǿ󣬿˲串㳱
㳱γɣҧ֨֨죬ȻһƬϷըΪһྪ𣬽յһ˲仯Ϊ
ǻҡںﶯ
䣡
һ
ΪСŮģҲδʩչٶȣں֮һͷͷֵ¡
ߴʮ࣬еĳɣеʮɣҲǱȽϾ˵ġ
׷ײС֣ٶȿĲǼʮ
ⷽսЩʧƬ׺ˮ棬ʣ໲ҽУһƬΪѹٶͷ֣Сڸ߿ǣ
ͳͳȥʵţ˭ˣͷСɲСϷ
ƤְԵĥһЩ֣ȥϵȴš
û취ʵ̫ˡ
϶£һƬʯ
漸ˣһСǰС
ԽʮȻһƬ׺ϿճһЩףǲǴӸ߿գɱһƬ졣
ҪȥУû뵽ţ¡
ţ֣ȲƬףٺ٣û뵽ͨһ׺򣬻ֳ֣ʱ̫ǿ󣬿ϴ裬ǿ壬ðʵﵽ޼۷壡
ҲʺУ׷ҲǼΪģĽţƬ졣
ʵҲһ׻ʱϧûʱ䣬ĿǰȽǱ½¡
ҲδţȫʵƬ׺Ǿ޵еĴڣ˭ȥ
׺һҲһЩ㳱˳ץһЩӴĺ֡
뿪׺ץٶͷ֡
Ǳ½ϢӼԶȻκε죬ѸӦϤǱ½Ϣ
ҲãһȺ֣ٶȥ
ˡ
ۿǱ½ԽԽҲϤʱһϤ޼Ҳ
޼
ԼϤģ
޼Ϣİ
ͷŸӦȥȻָӦٻﺣ򴫳
źɻ󣺡ǻϢԼ޼
ҲΪ棺޼ʦ֣Ƭ޼ʿȻǰ޼ͬš
ӣŴңȥǱ½ҲϹŶڳƬûִߣҹȥ
У
˷ֹжϹݷС
һƬ𣬻밢Ħ졢ӵǿߣһǧˣڷɳϢ
ʮϢ
ﺣ桢Ϲݲٶ£ּ졣
һ֮УʱͷŸӦȥͼٴŻʿڵڣһʮĺһѰ
Ǳ½ڵӡջûͨǧĺѩڻ𸣵أ˵ֻصǱ½ڣ
һڴ
һڵӵĴ󣬸һϿȡ
ڲͻȻɱһƬƬƣҫŷ
û뵽ֳһ̺޼ʿһٶˡ
ռƣ˶ڣ
ǡ
⣬ҲлʿѲߣ桢ϹݴǰЩҲͬϹӣ˿Ӱӡ
˭֪Ŀһ裬磬һٶӵ޼ʿ֮УһޱϤ
ɡ
ԭһŮӣһȺ˷ڣ˾İǰ޼ʮ֮һɡ
ջڹ޼磬һͳ½֮ʣ氵бɣȻӳǱ½
Ӵû棬֪İĽ죬ɣ
һҲŹ
ȻӵһɭɭХ
濴ǰɵɱг֣˰
ԼĪϢ֮һ˴ŻڵӣԼһЩͷŶĺʿ뻯˻ϣɱ֮С
أˣϿѰ·ϿȰգһɱ
أ
Ǳ½һɢޣĮ˵ȵǿߣϻڹ޼ڡ
һΣأҪɱ棬ȣ˵ڴ֮֡


1205 ʰأ
ǻл·Χ
أͷſֲΧ޼ڡʿΧϿȥһٶ޼ʿס
أ統ǰ㱰ɣնײУɣҵС˰ǰңǶϷޣ˼⣿Ѱ꣬ɲٴߣ
䣡
ɱһһƷ潣û뵽龳߽λΪһɱʿ
ٺ٣ʰ㣬յ㣬Ϲ˵ðζǻζ꣡
أͻȻԳ֣
һڶ֮һ
ȻڲͬƣԽ潣𵴣һɷԼΧ޼ʿ
ۣ
ֻǷһƾͽƷһƷ潣Ҳ˲顣
ѪЩ޼ʿҲһƬɣڶأ֮£ûһ˿Կ⡣
֮ƣɵһٶ˶ԣ֮ѣ޷ֵ
أһȺ֣צЦɣ˳ڣ뻯ֵܣƿǱ½ԼΧ򣬳Ϊף̱ĸ֣
֧֧س壺ǶЩ꣬Ҳ֪ⷽףǶнֽ֣ҷ㣿ߣɱҰɣ
㣬Ȼ˻ţڿɲ޼κһӣܻϣ
ಣ
˵꣬أһֻЫ
ٶƣɲΡΡ޷ʿҲֻһĻ

û뵽
һӰȻٶȱȶأ졣
ͻأգǰ
̣
þҪץסɵĶأʧȥߵķݣŵ˸ϽӰ
ӰΪ̬ͨ
Ȼȴɿ˵һۺ󣬼æֲۣһŴ档
ǡ
һЩˣ޼ڴĵӣ·Ҳɱǿߡأɵʿƺе졣
˻ƶļ桭
ɣһͽǰȻףʦ㣬İһּˣ
㣿ɻЩţƺ治ܻţܳ
ѵǹֻˣ
ɶ񡭡
⡣
أѹסƣץ˲佫Χټߡ
濴ˣأ㻹һû䣬һ綾һ޳ܣһ˲˹
㻹棿
أҲ޷Ӧ
䳰Цˣ𣿻ǵдΣӵ˲䣬ܻɱҵǿʵֽܣߣ˭֪İ뻯ڽһ𣡡
Ǹ棿
ɱţͬ޼ţ棿
Ҿͼû뵽İ󣬴˻ܻš
ۼĻڵӣҲ꣬һˣʶ
ʦ֣
ɺ󷽣Ҳۼһٶˡ
޼ڵӣһ֣ɵ뵽մĿĳ׷ײۼΧ
ա
ŽĻ볤϶ȡ޼ڣ޼ڣɱţų켺޼ֵüȮ
ʱ˽Բ֪࣬Ȼ޼𣬼Ľ꣬ǣȻֵ
أòɵڨڨȵ棬㻹һΪˣҲˣ껹ںѰ꣬úãͺãھͽɱ׸
ͬͨˣһֻӵʵǻһͳǱ½
Ȼǻڣѵ޼ڣһڽ˷ٺɢ޾ۼһѹǿߣĻڣİǰĻڣǿ󣬹֪ж󱳾
кα
ڱи֧֣Ϊ𸣵أ껯𸣵һΪԭʥǿߣԶԽ׺Ǳ½ֻ֧ؽڣٲԼ㶼ûľ
ԭˣô˵ԭʥڵģ
ٺ٣飬ϵûУҲûǳԽ汦ϴڡ
棬ڳˣأ߶޼ɵĿЦ
ؿʼƬϿȴ˵Щ޼ʿǻˣҲò
ͻȻֶǺǣ˼𸣵أСС½ưԣССһֻϺ׶ѣ㶾أʶ𸣵أʶƬ׺֮磿
ߣ˵ȥƵģѹȥƺȤЩһֱø㣬ˣҸˣ
ֻأٻڵӣʼӡ
߶𽥻Ϊһɶ󣺡һƷǱ½ʷϣδֹһƷ
һƷ
ֳ˭˲һսľֻ治мһˣЦ硣


1206 Ŀ껯
ˣ
أȻǿΪһ̣ɱ
ǿȻ䣬һɽһ㣬ɵУȾɽҪӴ
Ϊǵһʿ޷ֵ
ǡ
ŶأɱҪѹ֮ʣȴЦһָȥ
˿ͨԼơ
أ
һָУʼ飬޷ѹ֣·Ҳһ嫾ɽ
ܣǻҲܿһ̣أЦˡ
꣡
ͻȻֿ
֮¡һһһƷָǰȻ顣
֮ըǽأ𷭣ֳڿƴˣ¡¡ɡ
ϢֳһƬš
أѪҲһ£ЩʿһҲûܻ
ʦ㣬׼ȥǱ½һһ潫𣬶ҪƿǱ½
ûһ£תɣȺѻȸΪˣһڣѡĳһҿΪǵ󣬵УҲûʲôڣȻҲһ뿪ƬСȥǸشһ
⡭ɷӦʱȴ֪δ𸴡
Ȳô𸴣ȥڣתȻͷһƣǶأץС
ɵ˴ˣȥȡЩڱȻһС
Ϲͷƣһٶ˼ӿǱ½
ڼģ֪Ǳ½ɾҵһʮ꣬ʼټӳ޼ʿ
Ҳ뻯һδν棬ټһǧˣߵߣĿǰʣһٶ˻š
û뵽Ǽֵ죬ڵϣ
һ쾹ȻڿٳǱ½ƶ
죡
һ˾׷棬ɿޱ𺳡
ĪаҲӭɣҲһʶӣ˫ϵ档
ԼʱǱ½ԽԽ
һЩԻ𸣵صϢ״̬ãҲʼػˣǱ½Ӧ뻯𸣵Ϣ
˵ס
ߣţֽٺֲӤħ̥󷨣Ϊһආ
桢ĪаϹݼ˶ѣϰˣ½Ͽա
أǳţ棬㲻úʵǿ̫ˣҲ龳˼ʵɲһ㣬÷ң
Ӳм֪Ǻε
ϤϢǱ½ֻˣ
ڸ߿տٷУ濴һУյεӿͷ
Ǳ½İǰһܶطǷ棬Щ
޼յ桭
һƬϴ֣һЩż
ѻΪһƬطӲݴȻֵطĪа桢ɵһ
ڼȻŷǱѰ˼
Ӧ޼磬ͳױЩ󷨣յż뵽նӰٳ
뵱ˣܶĥѣɺ˶ڴˡ
һᣬǾԶ޼ڵǶԣֻһƬ档
ڵ
ȻһƬɽ磬ֺﴣһ
󸲸ǽ·Ȼһʯڴ֮ϡ
̾ϢȻӵԻ𸣵ǿϢ
Ҳ̲סǰҹţǳԻ֣֮ʦ֣Ӧԭʥյɣо磬Խ龳֮䣬Ǳ½ǿߣ龳Ͼͷ˽ⷽ˭ܺ
ĶأʱЦԿңﻯڣֲô
ؿ棬üͷǵˣͷﶯ¶ʦ֣Ӧһһʦˣ޼Уűţ뻯Ѫ𣬽Ӧ˶ϣ
Ƕ޲ûʧ˺󷽣ǰϣԻڡ
ڵ󻹲ܻˣɱڲɣ»ڣ⴦Ժͽ޼ڣ
һڡ
һһٶڵ
ʯ˯ڴ֮С
һЩڵӣյڽѲߡ
˵Ѳߣ£ƿİٶ꣬δ˸ơ
ʱһЩѲߵΧһСҲʮһӣ羫ЩΧ
ɲǾ飡
ͻȻӡСŮſ죬һͽһȥ
桢ĪаϹݴɵǰСЩʿΪȻٻЩ
ԭСŮǺ
һŮ˭Խ

ɵȰˣŷԭǣͨĺȻֶΡ
˭ŵòҴ


1207 ;ĩ·Ļ
Ҳ߶ȡ
Īаڽǰ΢΢һЦسָ֣˲佫ץһӡ
ӲδܵӰ죬һ˻ڡ
գۼ䣬һٶƯڸ߿֮Уǰʮ࣬ǰˮɽƺ컣һЩɺڸ߿һЩڵʱʱ֡
͸ɱ֮ʮʿû뵽İ˴ʿ
ˣ³֣ⷽһЩ龳ʿҳݣ
ͷ֣ȱɱˣзһһĨɱͶ֮ˣ
£һǧϷ
˲ͷһ⣬ֱ϶ˣس߿ոǶȥ
һƬʸϢ󣬽㹦ڲǻͷŵȫû
Ȼûлκһʿ쳣
ǿ
һߣ޼߽λǿߣִˣԭʥҲǿߡ
ء
һЩ׺ɳ
Ȼײл磬
Щ׺ҲʶֲԾ·ڸ֪ڵ
ಣ
֮ȺɽɳһЩǿߣ龳ǿߡ
Զ̶̼꣬ô龳ǿߣߣԭʥ󷽣
һЩڵӣ߿սȥ
䣡
ֹϢһЩǿ߷ֲԾɻƿؽ硣
𵴿ʼڻڵ飬ӴӶɳһЩҲų˷ӡ
ҳԭ򣬴ұţ
һЩߴ߿գһΪﵽ龳߽λ˻һܶɽٳΪǿߡ
Щššڡ齣ɽӡִӲٻڵ֮УǱ½ǿϢ
أ̫ǿ½һͳĺһššڡ齣ɽЩİǰڳǱ½ֻһڣ
һȺں֮ڣһɨһ뽫˻ɱ
öˡ
һЩɺ󷽣޼ڵӣŴڸӿŵò
ʮڵӣһӰǴڲʮͷѹȶ
߿ȻһЩǿߣԻ硣
У
ǿһǧҲԶܡ
ǺˣȻַһڵ
ƺ֮УһЩǿ߿ŭ
һƳջڳϣʲôˡ˶ʦֻɱЩϣʵȴǿ󣡡
ֺߵһǵø࣬ʦеǿߣɢޡǿߣɢ޾ͷƸĮˡħˡаɢˡɡݳ˾ɢˡ͢龩ԪꡢǵƵǹĿ
Щ˿ɶǱ½˷ľͷ
޼ڲٵź󣬽һ̾Ϊֹģ
죡

أǶأᡭ
ɱ龳ʿ߿գϡˡ
ڵʶĵһˣǶأ
أһôָ֣֮׼񣺡ңңɱˣİǰ޼ڵɱˣ
棿
İǰ޼ڣǸشŵ棿
ӢӣԷ
Ǻǣ
ǰͷԻڻȻ壺ţ޼ɱˣİǰڡѪ𣬽Ҫһһ
޼֮һɣ
޼ɱˣ
ԽԽɱĻڵӣƲʮˣǼʶɡ
һٶˣкξ壿
һΡȻ
һǳϤˣǸ
ַ磬ɽ
ˡ
ʮϻڵӣ׷״߶ơ
һ̣ڵ磬Ȼˮûɽ

ЩɽŻ΢΢һЦ߳һָһ
ڽ磬δɱЩɽͱԻ磬ֱһ
¡¡
ǽĻڽ磬ڲЩɽķѡ
ۣ
ʮϻڵҲŻѪɢ˻Ѫը
Ѫʱʼûڵ
ôϢ򣬻ڵڲһƬţ֮ǰɱĻڵӣҲûһ˸ҿŶͬŵӱ
˼һЦɣõԭʥΪѴﵽ˰ɣǱ½ⷽСܴﵽ龳ף㻹޵ԭʥİǰͨǧĺѩ֮ʱΪΪڵ⴦
â콣
ⲻ֪
ǧǰǶˡҳĻڵӣԱǿֶ𺳵õ
һĨ⣬ͻȻ䲻Ӽɱ
Ŀ档
񻮹ҹǣԽǷӣɱǰɡ


1208 
һӻɱ棡
Ʒ
֡
ͻȻɱһһ֣һһֵĺڰ
䣡
һ
ڰٶȳɱһǰĵ
ֻ泤΢΢ﶯ㱻ڰ飬ΪһƬâڿУѹӢȥ
Ŀ¶ɱ⣺˹ա
ػһ࣬ĿԽڵӣǲİǰʶ޼ڵӣʩչ޽ֶΣҲӲ˱ɱĶˣ
ಣ
û뵽һӰȻʮһӷ
ӣؿʮ߿գƺңԶȴԶһԣܿһ˿
˿ٵѷȥ춥ˣһܷ棬͵Űɣ㲻죬δһҪʬΣҵͨǧĺѩҲŹ㣡
ǻ𸣵ԭʥˣҲм˲ӣ㻹ã
ͻȻյһƣǰץ
ڵӽδ֣ҲûȻһ
Ҫʮӣ
Ӵľͷζӳ¡
غ
϶һը죬ֻһˣһ籩ʮ߿ձƿض
ɷ籩֮У˾һֻ޷籩ѹѪϡ

ڶϢ
籩Ȼ˺գϷ룬ֻ籩ŻƿأڲͻȻ¡

Ӫ
ƻӣ˭Ҳû뵽ܿĿУƬ½׵ؤƿء
ϾдԻģΪЧĵӣɻ桢ҪӪȻ
ǣ
ЦˣֱȻȻسǰȥ
磬ͻȻӿ
¡¡
Ȼ䣬Ϸ籬֮ڻڵ϶ˡ
ȻɱڵӣʧȥģǷ˲޷ѹó׹ȥ
ʮڵӣҲ޷ӦҲѹ׹ء
⻹ֻǸտʼ
Իɰ޼߽λǿߣʩչ˲䣬ʮڵѹ
ϢֻڻڵЩɽ·壬˲ǻΪƬǻΪ촷ۡ
ɽ˲仯Ϊɳ
ɿֲ֮·ѵѹ黯ڴɽжٵ¥󡢶Ҳ˲ʧƵġ
һҲϢﻹһڵӣ
ڵأ
ɽ˲Ϊƽأ֮ǵֺҲ˲俪ʼѹƾʧ
Ѫ޷ʩչκͨĻŻڼϢϢͻΪʹļס
ʹ飺ҵĵľӪǧ갡һǰѪ
֮ʧɽֺɭ֣ȴڵдڵӰҰ𵴡
ʱ䣬ϤΪޣЩӲ𺳣Ҳܵδйĳش
һУòһ˿˷ܣֵÿҫɫĻ湪ˣûɱڵӣЩΪ̫֮ˣһЩ
ףõģϾ飬֮Ҳ޷ÿһˣ
ͻȻɳףͷͨԪʱٴѹأÿˣǿɲǻڣջ޼ɱѪϴѪǻִԲŻһͬˣҲԳǶȻԳȫ㣬ҪɱȣǶ̫ס
ⷬڵӣ˲ʹ࣬üž
һ˶ԣֱģ׷ɱ꣬ˣû뵽쾹ܿŻڸ
ְԵȵѡЧһǿѡ뿪Ǳ½Ҳǳӭ￪ʼǻڵ޼ڣǱ½ˣҲ޼ڣ
棬㲻úţţ
׼񣬱һͷŭʨ
ͷʨǰֻͷ
˼·Ϊƽصķ֮УûһӣӦȻ
һǰ䣬գԶͷԭʥ
һδͨʿ
渡Цݣпһ˿ɱɽˮ꣬㻯ԭʥƵҵȱԶ磬뿪Ǳ½һֱδҲн죬Ҳнɣ
ֻգΪβϾɱɱ׺ѪͫԶԣ
׺ɲһȥģԭʥȷҪټ׺֮УҵҲ΢΢
Աǳڣǹעһͳ㣬Ϊ
˵ǣҶͨǧĺѩܺ棬ͨǱ½յһţǰҲ֣˾õεǸңһúϡ
ͨǧĺѩǱӣɱҰɣҲ˵ģǻɱǲú


1209 ն
Ȼ㲻Ը˵ҲͲˣͨβҲᳬԽһʵʦ㣬η䣬Ƿ䡣ͻȻɵˡ
ɷ·͵˴û᣺̫ˣɱˣѪϴţЩֽڰ˷ͬһʹɱ֣һף
ͻȻŭ𣺡棬ŰɣŰɣ㲻к³ҵӲŹ㣬ԭʥҲ᲻Ź㣡
渺֣Ϊõԭʥ̤õͽλ;Ǳ½һӵʵۣǵԼֶΣǰԲԭʥʱˣҵʡ½ȥ𸣵
ȥڽ֮⣬û¯ĥİ꣡
һЩ޼ڵӣȲ
ɱ
ڴ֮ǰף˵һƿκ
˿أ
޼ЩͨӶᣬָ
ʣһֵӣټʮӡ
ӣȥЩɢĻҲʼж
һڣ̫ˣҲûһ¡
ûƿػΧóٸ߼ʯҵԭʥԴĵز㣬ٴνơ
ԭʥʵⷬﵽ߶ԴֻСһ׮֮ʩչ޼᲻ٷԴ
Լɾ棬ԭʮӣֻһ뿪󲿷˽Ը
ʦ㣬ʱˣ
Ȼأץ
أ֮ǰ޼ɵæͷ
޶ã㲻ң
ңһֹȥأСȡ
Щɢ޾ͷ¶ֲ֣ԸֲħҹҹйʱҾһδţţҪƤ
̰ҲϣҲֵԹԹأǷҵģҪ㳥𣿡
û뵽нɣ⸱ڣҲһͷʧȥ
컯ûˣҲֻһˣ޼뻯ڶԹԹˣ㶾أӽ쿪ʼҲ˿ϸ֮ް
ݣ
һ䷢ԷθǿҶ׶ĵŭ֮
أκһ֣Ǹγϣ֪ڵ֮¡
ȴ˵֣Ҳˡ
һĨ⣬նǿðѪݵͷ˲عš
ʦ㣬˵ĺãһն뻯նʱ̣ӴʦҪúҲҪȥ޸д
лʦܣ۽ʪ󣬾Ŷأʬ뿪ˡ
Ǳ½£ҵץʱ䣬Լ׻Ѫħȵȹɣ̤쾳Ҳδйھϻɳ½ʦŴִѿʼչж
Դ֮󣬳˼һᣬúɵ޼ڵӣµ޼ڵ
û뵽컯ͨó̶ȣ󺧡
ʯڷ棬ʩչͨ滯ΪһɽģΪƽصĵֶһɽ
޼ͷĲ
ΪʯľܿΪʼïʢÿһܳһߡ
ٶȣ֮Ƭɽˮ
ˣ
д棬ٺ֣Ǳ½Լʼ϶ֹ
Զջڣ޼ڵ
ԼĪʮϢ
֮ңԽ޼ڵ棬󲿷ֻΪ棬֮ء
ϼɽ
Ƭأȥ󲿷ֽԳɷ棬Ӳݸǡ
ܼһЩַϼɽҲȥ󲿷֡
յħ𣬵¼𡭡ҲҶȥҲ
źɽ·䣬ЩСһΪҽ޼ѧ֪ʶ
ҲؿаЦգʱɽдѩһĻĻ
زȥˣ
úԺӰʧ·棺ϼɽӴ֮أҲҼڣ˶ˣȻһطδйİ
Ժ˵ˣˣ̤֮·ǧꡢ֮꣬Щˡѣ඼緲˻ֻأ޷ʤ죡
Ҳһ㣬ͻȻе˼һˡ
ĸס
ĸ⼸꣬һֱ常
뵽Ϲݣ뵽常Ħ죺Ϲʵ̫ǿ常Ȼĸ常Ҳõģڲ֮Ҿȥĸס
һһɽ
һ硣
ȫɣǱ½棬ڲкǿߣִҲֲˡ

ͷžƣͬգʼ
ΧƼʩչ־֮ӿӰԵڱߡ
֮鵤£ҩ֮ںϣΪ


1210 ɱ
һֻֻɣҲ̺һЩââӦ֮
ѪҲѪһʩչ̫ˡ
ﵽһ״̬ͬʱҲ߶Ѫħ
漸һֱѪħһŶҲħ
ԣһѪǿ󹦷
˵нѪħѪҲѵ̶ֳȡ
ʱ̤쾳һ־Ѫħ
־ȫԶһ̬Уҷ·ӵޱռ䡣
ѪɫࡢһȫѪ⡭ȫں֮󣬾˲ΪԴϳزؿռ䣬ء
ϣһ£γһһ
ﵽ̶ȣȻʼںϣģһë޶ĸо
壬ӵ
ʴʿǿߣǳעУΪȻںϣгһͨ
̣
Ѫħͬʱ߶֮Զ쾳֮ʼһħɷѪһ
ִӿȫ֮С
ʱ澹ȻһΣؿ硯øӦ
һأһ֮УһƬƬ磬ڻ֮нռ䡣
𺳣쾳״̬ȫһ֮УҽܿһεѪҶܸо
ҲˣǶ쾳ӵе޼۷壬Żӵеͨ˵ǿˣҲ˽⣡
һָоһһ
˿ԣ
γԣ
жһƾڶʱ޼޷漣Ȼ賤аЩǿߣ޸
ԡ
жϾ
ͬɱȥ˭ִЦ
޼ڶһҲмӰ죬ܾҪҩܡ
ͣ
ֱۣƤ֮£ѪѪ磬Ѫɫ֩С
һѪ˿Ȼһ𣬾ˡ
߶ѪħԼѪ𣬺ܿڶѾΧգѿںܿӴ£ӿһЩѪ
ϸһѪ֮Ѫ˿̫ˣ飬ʮҲûһ˿֡
Ѫ˿ڿʼںϣٴİĿ⣬Ƕ쾳Ƕ쾳֮
ϸϸѾƺʲô
עھѪ֮Уû뵽ЩѪ˿Ѫ˿ȻЩ͸ŻΡ̬Ѫ˿ڡ
Ϊλ㣿ҵľѪƺ״̬ţֻеزѪѪѪ
˭֪һ֮УȻҲ̺
ҡҡͷҲ֪̫ҿ϶ѪѪ˿ģ·ҲѪӵһ㣬֮ýͣ˶Ծ£˲Ѫ̫ˣָȹﻹҪ̬޼Ȳʮ֮һ˲Ʒ磬̫ˣ
Ѿˣ
죡
δ̫ףѾѾѪںһ
ǰ޸һôҲҪʱ䣬û뵽ΣֻҪ죬쾳컯ȷһ죬һصĲ࣬ȫྭܵشѪ⣬ܰ޸
ҶӦƿأѴﵽ޼ͷԴﵽĸ߶ȣ˵ҲΪʦ賤޲ҩҵмְգ
Ȼ䣬ͨ仯뵽档
ã
־Ѫħ󹦷ʩչУϾֿʼ
Ⱦǿ
֮ǰִߣһδܵشںòĿռ侧ӡһδϡ
Զ쾳ʩչܿһΪ׳ӨĿռ侧ӡ˲һᡣ
뵽գ뷽ѩƷ֮⣬ǿտƷʱĳ
Ʒݣһӡ
Īǿռ侧ӡֽݾӡƣ
һռ侧ӡһ·ӡɵĻ䣺ˣӦû֪ͷǺε״̬ģ
һ治֪
쾳޼ǿѪ״̬ǷˣǳԽ޼ĴڣԼڷӡҪΪӡ
Ϊӡ̫ˣռ侧ӡҲϼѣʤݲ˶Ϊֻ賤һֿռ侧ӡ
ӡȷѣ˵ҲȷľͷĻʵۣھӵһӡͨϴ裬ЩǾӡ״̬
ﵽ״̬ʵֲ̣
ˣļԿɺ˳


1211 ɱ
Ϊʵ㲻˶ԱȣԭͷŲپ롣
£׻
ﵽ쾳׻׶ˣԳܰԵϵıߣ컯׻ʩչ·ҪҲһ顣
ʱͲͬˣ쾳̣Ӵ׳׻бߣֻܸӦһвȫԦ
ٺ٣̤쾳֮ҾͿԴʩչϵͨ
죬뵽쾭󹦷òˡ
Сǧ
һҪСǧʯ֮УжĹ
ĿʼͨԪĵ˸
ȫٴһޣҪԽƮ֮С
ңŴĳ֣СǧȻȻڱȻоЩѰ
ƺԡƺԸӦ·ʱʱ̿ҡ
󺧣ͨԪԱƯʶںϣδ
ΪθоڿԼ
ܾöδҵԭֻܼӦ״̬
û뵽ŲСǧعԽԽ࣬͸ָо
оһϢ
֪󣬽Ƭ̣ҲһͷˮˣԪںϣʱ䲢δעУôῴ㣿
СǧܸоΧǿңʱʱ̶̿ɸоŪףҲҵԭ
СǧӦ̤쾳Źֳڲͬ
ָоҲĥһʱ˵
Ҳԭ򣬼״̬
ѪʵоҪʩչкβ
ע˲̬
߶ռű컯ʮ࣬ڲ羫
ˡ
ͷ֮󣬾۾̼ϼɽ˷ǶȥתۼΧǧ׽״̬
ǧ֮УĵģҲˣȫ磬ǧȻ״̬ռ䣬ҲдȻ
Ȼǧ֮ڣһж֮Уûж񱻷ӡһ㡣
ܿǧףǧ֮ƿصش
ƿǧ׿ռ䣬ﶯǣ¶΢΢һЦ֮
ٿ
ǧռ䣬գ۾Ϊһͻ
һǧ׾޻Ȼ˲仯Ϊͻ˸һĨǡ

ռͻֿʼȫȼա
𽥻ΪɫϤɫϢ
γһһնɽ֮ԼѪγɵȫҲ˵
滹ϲ֮ΪѪ
Ϊǧһ֣ǧ֮⣬һɸһһԴһֲ״̬֮ڣȫԡ°
˷ҲһǽˣӵеĿѾˣѹԼ󲿷𣡡
Ҳоǰ̫࣡ʱһָо߶һ׻ɱһ޼ǿߡ
ͷһ
һǧһֻΪһЩƵħϼɽţ롣
޼ǿߣҲɱڲв档
ЦеĵɲʩչԵ
ܾǧף͸֮⣬ǿֻǧ׾룬ռ֮УκҲҿ⣬޼ǿߣס
˲ʩչʵܴﵽ޼䣬䣬Ѿˣ˲Ƕ쾳һ䡣
ڿѪɫ̤࣬쾳һʱ֮Ѫɫ仯ֶ಻
ܾƿشﵽǧףѾ
ζʩչ֮ǧ֮ڣ󲿷ǿɱԸӦʩչ
עѪɫࡣ
½ԴԼڲϱѪɫҲʯںϡ
컯ӵһЩﵽ쾳Ӧж
ڴţ߶Ѫɫ
û뵽ѪɫΪһѪ⣬ڱƤ˫ͫ˲仯ΪѪ״̬
Ȼ󡭡
࣬õ״̬֮ʣΧȻȻȻӿ߶һġ
صδ߶ȥ
Ǵ߶Ѫɫֲֿ࣬Ȼ
ž̾ѪƤǰֻн뷨ó鵤գû뵽ﵽ쾳߷֮ӵзȻȻȻϢ
౾һͨһˣ̤쾳ѱ䣬ѾǷǳף㻹ٳԴ߷ࡣ
עѪɫ࣬뷨ںϡ
û뵽Ѫ״̬ΧƯһЩ֮оȻһЩŽǡͻȵ⡣
һĻҮʺʩչ࣬һģһ
ܷЩ
ΧȻƯЩ޶ʵ⣬濪ʼͿԷЩ⽣


1212 ֮
û뵽һȻڴжطɳһһԼٵ
ȻԡƺǷǳǿ󣬴ֻ޼ң
һȷҮʺƣһĻ
ˣķɣ㲻ĸһ
ɣ
ɲǿϷƼȻŴɡ
û뵽䣬ٰ׷ΧڵȻһڣЩڣ˲ڷ֮£ɢѪ֮С
һʮϢյȻʩչ࣬һƽʱʮϢȻ
ϲûϵֱӽʩչȻ˱̬
Ժҿֱɵҩ
ץһ޼ƷʵҩͶ˲Ѫɫࡣ
ͣҩѪɫռ䣬·ĥ飬Ϣһ޼ǿ߼ĵҩɡ
鿴ȫ仯֮ʵ͸Ǹ
ɽ޷͸⼣֮޷⼣ʯҲ޷͸ֻ޼ɫںһЩ򽣬޷֮в
һַ꣬Ҳںϣ޼մﵽһ߶ȣҲܷ߳
ΨСʯסɽ򽼸رԻĪ⡣
ʵѴ쾳һ߶ȣʱ濪ʼǱ½
״̬ǳнġ
ϼɽЩһȥǧ֮⡣
Ϲ֮еϢ֮
ȴһ󣬰Ħ졢ӡ賤ǿߣҲϣǱ½Ѱҵط
Ӵ֮˽Ǳ½УĿǰһǧǿߣûʮʮ꣬Իָ
Ҫҩʯʯ
û뵽֮УнʿϢ⼸ʱ䣬ӺʦӦý½ʿƿء
ǿȥѰҵϹݽ֮С
ӦʿͷŸӦʱȻ䣬ڤڤ֮УоһЩǡӰƬ޵֡

ֵǣϹݲδӰֻӦЩڲͬĴڡ
֮ǰӦ״̬࡭

Ӱ
һоϤԭ֮ǰСǧйָӦ
ƺҲڡšԼ
һжСǧйءҼǵСǧ֮Уδ֮Ī֮
˼֮С
֮һ
ˣҲ֮
Ԫ˵ʵ۾ʽãΪԼ֮˵֮һַһˣһ˷ĵףԼҳϡ
ף
ҳϣ
ʵƿһ磬˶Ϊ죬õٹǰʵ¹ȻӶ֮࣬󣬲˲ʢµĶҲԽԽ࣬Ҷš
渵֮˶ҳ϶ȣף֮ҲֻѣֻѲŻϣãϣЩУᵮԽףԽģԽ
Ȼ򣺡ԭ֮ԣҴĳϣӦǴ˶ҲѣҲҺҳϿԣ
Ӧˣ֮Ҷֻ֮˽⣬֮ˣٺ٣ֻԼȥ
š
һ̣ȼճδйĺ档

֮УԼоһЩһЩӰ
Сǧδһ磬ֻҪȥһ
ϹͣƬ̣˼䣬һЩӰ
ɵˡ
ǧջѡΪﵽ龳ǿߡ
ǧ龳
İǰǱ½龳Ҳϰˣ񵥵ǧ龳ίʵ򵥡
ԺЩ˶ʦ㸺ʮʿϢǱ½зˡͨʿʦҪһЩˣҪйǡ
ڵҩԴ赣ģЩͨԴҪж٣ҲһЩ߼ؼ㣡

ɶ䣬ȻͷʮӰ
ԭ᳾ߵѪԨһˣѪԨ棬һɨˣЩ˶ǻ𸣵صӣΪ컯ڣڰ˷½ǿߣǱ½ԣκһ˽ߣӴǾ㣬Ҳ޼ڣʼӪǱ½
öǿߡκһ˶Ȼǿٱίʵ벻ôǿߡ
ЦȾƼңǻ𸣵ذɣΪЧǸаģ֪³жң
²ң²ң
ʮ˶Ź
ѪԨҲŵùǺ֪жĴڡ
Щ˰ɣԼӹ̵ƿطֲϢǱ½ÿһͨʿˡ


1213 и½
Ǳ½ȴﵽ޼ʵǿ߶ԣֻһ޴죬ǶԭסԣһӴ½
Ҳ¶ģǱ½ؽ޼ڡ
Щķ֮Ϲݡ½Ե
½Եãã
ӦͶһˮӿһͷ
ϣ츳Ϊһ磬֣Ŵҽˮס
ֻԾ޴𣬼ͷߣͷˮ½һںϡ
ǳˣϴҼЩ֣д½ٶȻǲ룬Ҫץסຣ֣Ǹĺ
⣬д½ɹ֮ȥץ
ǧ׺ˮ
Ǳ½һˮ°֮С
ֵϴھͲҪǱ½·뺣װ룬Ȼ뺣д½
½
Ǳ½ڰ˷½ԣֻһҪˮһѶȡ
ȥ½ˮ磬ʩչпʯҴ￪ʼһǰһӦܺܿϴ½
һᣬһͷֽ
Զˮºһǧ׽ˮ³֣ˮڲ
½ԨӴ󡢼Ӳʯɱһ
̣
ȻԵȻˮ磬ܵˮһ
ܴﵽ޼䣬ʴһпǧ׳һӣ½ҲںˮԨ𵴡
Сȥ½ˣ뵣𵴣ú뿪ˮ硣
ʱһҲӦǻи½
ǿƹ½ˮ¾ֲںӻˡ
һɱһ
½Էǳ򵥣ҽҲԽԵȥɱһѿڡ
ԵôĿġ
ϿԽԽܸоǱ½Ϣ½Ҳ꣬Ȼų
ϧռӵжٴ½ԴԱڴ½֮Уǽ½飬ܵõЩ½ԴƬ
½ҲãΪ½ʱʱ̴̿
˲ԼĪºҲ㣬ѱɱʮﳤĶϿڡ
½ľ֧Ϳ
ٶȸˣɱϿڣﵽķ֮һȣܳɹи½
ҲδĶҲ㡣
ֱһ꣬źֳ֣ͻȻһ𵴣Ǳ½Ȼ뺣ҲϣȻ϶˴½Ȼ֮С
濿ɹˣϲϴǿԿʼд½ϴƴ½֮УҲд½ҾͲˣֱڴ½׶ˣڱϼɣ
⡭
Ϲݻص½Ҳˡ
û뵽ҲʦĴʦִǧ꣬רſ
û뵽ôûбִˣһˡ
ֿʯץʯв٣ǲĴڡ
ִ߶𣬺ܿͽʯջΪҺ壬һ󾻻£ѼƳһ
ӲȴﵽһƷд½㹻ˡ
һ꣬Ƴǧ֮£ٺϣ濪ʼҲʼͷ
û뵽ȴ֮УðһЩˮ
Ǳ½ʼǱ½
տʼٶţС·ԼٶȲ緲Сܲࡣ
ٶԣٶٶȻԶԶٶܴﵽ龳߶á
ôﵽ쾳޼ǰֲ
Ҳ˵Ҫ֣ʵôﵽ쾳޼ĳ֡
棬Ǳ½ƺûƶ
ʵǴ½̫嫣Լ̫С
о½һԶϤĺãҲ󹦸ɡ
ɴȭͷˣЩ֣Ƭ½Ǳ½Ӵ˾ڰ˷½Χ֮гûʱʱ̿λñ仯ǿߣҲڸͬĺҵǱ½
뻹Ҫץ֣ٶȲܴﵽҪָ߶ȣҲ
ͷһ
ѪԨٴγ֣湪
ұȥҪȥץ֣Ǳ½һ汣½˳ں֮дУһץ֣֮д½
ѪԨظ
Ϲݡȥ½Ѳһ飬޼ڵӣƿһ置
˼ʣԨԪˣʮϢǱ½̺޼
𣿡
̺޼ʿ
ȥЩϹŶ½߿ա
ܿӦʮʿȻ̺޼һˣ治ӦãӦ֮󣬾÷ǳ⡣
оȻˮī޵Ϣ
ˮīޡ
ɵ뵽ڶʤݣһĻĻ
ǺˮīһȺˣҲ֮С


1214 ʮ
һΪʱգû뵽
ȴ㣬󷽺ˮīһʮˣƺѰʲô
ҲδǱ½ڸ
ˮī޵ַ̤壬Ϊ˶ȥѰĪҾȳЩϹŶ֮УˮīҪ֮ˣ
ˣ
뵽һ㣬Ϣ
ʮϢڰﺣ˳ˮī޴ʮʿ޼ʿ޼һ䵽䡣
ˮī޾һ޼ǿߡ
ʩչӦ
ȥˡ
Ϲݡӡ
ʮһӣˮīޱʮʿʲôû뵽һۼһӰͻȻ֣ץ
ˮīͻȻ𺳣Ŵ棺㡭棿Ȼ㣡
ףҲ˳ӳ
Ϊڴˣˮīǿͣ
֮¶ŴϻĿ⣬ͻȻüͷѱִ˻ɱ˴ξȳǿߣĪǡĪ㲻Σүү˳
үү뵽ˮī˵ģû뵽ҵүү
ˮīȲҲ޼ʿҲͬүүǡͨʿ
ͨʿ
ɻ룬һӲŻعôϹŶûȥһ˽
ǰˣͨʿʮǰԺǿץ޼ɢ޾ͷ˻ǵã뺮ţһ˻ͨʿ֮һڵһУΨһһΪﵽ޼ߣ
ƺеӡ󡭡
ôǿߡ
ǿߣԵ
ڵһȻǿ֮УҲֻΪʱ͸оһ޼Уһ䣬䡢Ӷࡣ
û뵽һߣˮī޵үү
ͨʿ
ֵͨʿ½½һǿߣҲһЩӣʮ˱ǣ
½
ˮīޣүү֮ǰһ֪үүˮī޳ϡ
лл㣬ٴȥˮī޷ǳż
û⣡
ͷԪûȥһټϹŶ档
ˮī޵˸棬Ϲһ쳯ǰȥ
ˮīٴ񣺡Ҫлл㣬û㣬үү
㶼˵ˣͬҷ£ˣʤݿɷ־
ͻȻ뵽ʤЩĶ
㲻֪
붫ʤһ̣ҾʹǰǣҵطȲƯ
ԭˣִ˲δоЩ˽ݿΪʦִŴ䣬ټ´䡢۹ʵ۵ȵȣɢ޾ͷʽħʥ̡޼ɢʿս
ô죿Ųʮ꣡
ħδֶʤݣ׼ŭִˣưոݣвȥɳ½Լ½׼޼ɢޡ֣ħΪҲڽʥ½غħս
û뵽˾ơ
оš
ʮ꣬ƷȻ졣
ˮīĮҲħԼִˣò״ӶʤӳʦǻϣͨүүӦҵƬ򡣡
ԭǱҾ;֣Ϊ̶ܶʱҵִҲ޷Ӧһ䡣
ͻȻЩǣ޼ֵ֣һĿ꣬Ҳɳ½ԼһЩ޼
ɳ½Σӣ
˺ܿ׷Ǳ½ˮīû뵽һӴ죬ںƶ
½֮Уһ̺޼Ľ󣬽ԸоϤ
ڲˮīû뵽һȻΪһ㣬˳÷չȥδҲɳΪһ
һɽϣһǧǿߣۼһǰ
Χ޼ڵѲߣˮī޳֣ͶĿ⡣
޶
һ߼æˮīޱ
ߣԭӵһȳǿߡ
үүˮīˮӿͨʿΡ
ʦ𣡡
ʣʮʿҲһͬ¡
ͨʿӻְ֣οˮīޣɣޣүүûˣûˣ漸ǧˣƵģ
ϹŶҲ棬֮С
ǻɣ㡣
һã׷£Īа룺ѽǱ½һʱʱ̿ƶĴ½ִҲλﰲˣָʵ
ﻹĦ쵱޵
⻹һղżȻִ֪Ŵͬħʥ̡޼սִһҪɳ½һ޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼Ĵ
һӿԽɳ½޼ɢޣսĪʦܴⷽ½˷½һֱһ£ؽ޼ڣǵ֪޼жôԻ͡


1215 صǿ
ֱڿ죬˵˵뷨ϣӴԺٽ޼ڣ˭㣬ҲӭȥҴӴ˾޼ڵӣ˭Ǹģ˵ĲλҲŹ֮
ϹŶǴӵȳЩϹŶȲʧֲʧϡ
ʩһǿߵ˵
ǿ߽һƬĬû˿ȻĬˡ
ȻˣôǱ½ˣҪӡϹݡ賤ţһǱɳ½
ѪԨ涢ţд⣬ҰĦ졢ӡͨʿһٲǿߣʵѻָɣػǱ½
ɶһż˿ٷǱ½
ಣ
˭֪һӰż뿪½
ǰ
ԭǰ޼ߡ
˶ϲ
ֱԣҪɳ½Ȼˣϻڣеȥ
ȻˡǾǰһȥ˵ʱͷǰָ㣡
߼ȻҪһǰҲһ¡
ţ׺һ˸ϡ
ÿ˽ԷţϢ䣬Ȼʵ
ƴʱţʵѴﵽ޼۷壬һʩչ壬ʵ졣
һζʤ֮ãʵ桢ţ֡
ϴҪذأ
֮Уϡش治
Ǽһ룬ֻǶݵģʮ꣬Ǳ½Ӧûȥ˷½

½
Ʒ磬½СģҲеȡ
бµ۹ҲɽׯȣһĴڡ
Ǳµ۹¹ǵȾţԺҲӱµ۹Ĵڡ
ʱƣλں֮е½һտʯź˶
߿кȺɹһЩ½ʿҲʱʱնҲвٴӻʻ
ʮҺǳɫͼڣűµ۹
ֻǱµ۹ʼҴӡ
ÿһҴϽǧˣ󲿷ɫס
һҺЩūúľɵľ壬޲塣
һ𽫾ͷߺ¬
桢Īа½ǿߣ¬֡
¬ֶǰٽʿһֵǣҪϾŴȥӭӸǰʥ½
ǣЩʿһȺ֮ʦ

Ȼ
ʮҺɵĻʼҴӣδԶ½
ͻȻǰƽ˾ĺ棬ȻͻأһС
˲ӦǺ󺣾׽Ʒƽ˾̲ʱʱ̻̿ѷ
֮ƺʲôӰӡ
˴žɫǴС
˿ȥʮ⣬Ƭƽ棬ʼһͨУԽԽͣȻﵽһУ񺣹ִ죬ͻȻҪ̵񷡣
ڲ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ʮҴӰ
Ӱܿ£Խʵ
¬ɫ䣺ĺٶȣԦͻȻٺ棡
˹ȥ˽
¬ʮҺѳں棬ǴҲڹʧ
һҺ뱱µ۹ЩƣͬǣʮҺΪ޴Ǳµ۹κһҺٱ޴
Щ͸һɣˮ޷
¬ǰʻˣٶȺÿ죬˵ǾŴִ˵ǿߣ
Ϣ
һغһɽѿٵʮҺǧǰ
Ϸһӣ¬ⷽƳХץūߣɱ⣡
ץū
µ۹ʼ̴ǿ߻һͷˮ
վǾ޴ǰɼһС֣֡ƽɵơ
ӵϡ
ߣ
ǧ⡣
ױµ۹ӵ¬֣Ϊмټ¸֣Щ޴ͻȻ٣Ŵ޹أִҲδţȴӡ
һǿ߹ˣǵ۹Χƿ֮һҵ
ܵ˲ӣҲ֪½кĿģ֮Ī֣Ӽ٣ǰѯ˵¬
٣
ʮ̴ʱˣǰʻȥ
ӣµλʿٶ
޴
һЩʿǳƮĽӸǰ
ȻףвûǰЩߣҲûⷽأ׼ͷűӣǺԨץġǧ־
ǧ־
˶ʱԸЩµʿҪͷǧ־
ǧ־ռ޴󣬿ɴʣЩū׻ٴο϶
ǣ
ʿ׷ת
װжӳָʿԼٶˣЩڼװͷųڣӶһ
װ˲󿪣û뵽һͷǧ׾޴Ĺ˲֡
һͷ֩롣
֩Ϻö˺ۣһסһ֩볤ٱĴ֣˫ֱͫͷײйâ


1216 ͻ
֩һƳλ׻ӣȴŵò£ҲԸ뿪ա
ݼŮ
һ˳ּŮӡ
Ůӽһ£洦ɼ໨ͼڻƷָһö״Ľָ
һʿŮӳ֣æ
һŮӾûʧɫǧ־ǿշĹҲʮ꣬ͻֶ죡
ͻӿ˳ƵһŵĴڣ۵Ļӡ⼸λŮҲڲ̾Ϣ
˫ӣ
סͻӡӭǰλŮ
Ůһͷڷǹعͻͷ
Ů˫Ƿ΢΢ͫʻǰԱµ۹ʼҴӣλʿǿ̶ȡ޷λ翰ȣ屶
ͻŮ˫Ʒ绹ԣλ磬ر棡
һŮǳ棬ͫʵӦȥλ磿ҵԶڽأ⻹ǵһεõ뿪λ磡
ҵ۹λ񷣬սǰǰ²λ磬Ҳǵλ磬ǰŸ壬һҶƷ磡
λ磬ǲƷֵͼ磿
ǳ֮࣬Ϊλλ磬дǺӡ籩ԴǺӣλѰҵ磬ܷһ磬
̫ˣһθŽӳܼʶλ磬һΪںǳ֮Уֻмλ磡
λŮ𰸺ֺּ
һոʢŵĻ䣬޿ˡ
Ʒķ½ͻȻ½Χ򣬾Ϊζ
ͻȻԶϣʮұµ۹ʼ̴ͣ£¬ִǧǿߣΡȻХ
Щûʶ
µѣǶԾū
Ůӷ·һȺлӡ
໣
һްԣŴ֣Ӿ޴˲һԾ𣬷ƬëȻļ
䣡
Աµ۹ˣײнͷƤ飬Ԫ֧ͬʱ
׷׿ǹӾ޴һԱ֮С
ϯǹȻûбˮû֮ǰͽǧ׾޴壬һ޴󻯡
ޡޡ
¹̴ʿ֩޴󻯣һ̧ͷ
֩Ϣ󣬾޴屶ʮһѰ죬ͬС
Ʒδ˾޹ּ¼¬ҲһС
ץū
һЩʿŴӾ޴һԾɳơ
¬ֲǵ۹һ𽫾ٽʿŶͷЩƺ½׼ӭս
ҵȥӭսɱȺˣ
һٶʿɶǱµ۹ʼʿֳִﵽ汦߶ȵĳǹһɱȥ

Էߴֻʮˡ
һͻȻץָץ죬ʮҫ۵طЩߡ
¬ⷽʮߣһмƲұµ۹ֶ治ģ
Сˣ˵ߺ
ɱɱɱ
ʮǿߣɱǹһĹҫÿһǹ·糤ڡ
شɱĹҫӫޡ
ͣ
һӵĳߣһǹɱҫ
ǹȻԵҫ·شǿɱĹҫǰ΢
ȻһȺֽϻ
նɱǰˣѹ
µ۹ߣǹҲ˲̴ҫ

˭֪ҫٿȻӿһ
·ڹҫֻǲ֪һͨ
һ߿ƣҫ̴ȴͻأѹƣ˲ס
䣡
ǿҲٶȹˡ
ȴڲסһ˲䣬汦ĳף˲һһ顣
ۣ
̱סʿѹ²޷һһѪɫ԰ףһ顣
һֻκɡ
Աµ۹ʼǿߣǶ쾳ΪǿߣƵģʵʵ
ͷŹҫشӵǿߣЦλʿȻҲ磬΢һоҪ񼦵
¬ֲȻŭҪˣҹȻҵ۹ϣɱȥҵͷȡ£
ಣ
µ۹ʮ̴֮ʼʿ̤ŰԵƣͷǹɱһƬɻȸǶ
Ǻǡ
Ȼ֮ǰ˲֣ѹʮǼؽʿ
һЦͷҫʮɱϯȥ
ͣ
ڶϢ֮ǧµ۹ǿߣǳǹҲɱƹҫ
Ȼ֮ǰһģһ
Źҫµ۹ǿ߻֮ǰʶ׷ܣ
û뵽ǣ͸ϣ޷ͷԼԽٶȡ
ۣ
̺죬ٱµ۹ߣһ˲ԱǰѪ
ү²
˭֪ôǿߣȻסϢ򣬾ͱͳͳѹ


1217 ɽ
¬ִʱ˸ˣһֻƵģľս֮࣬ø౱µ۹ʼʿɱȥ
ȡƣϴ߷Ԫ֪ͨµ۹߲㡣
˭֪һشӵĽʿ֪Ӷ¬󣺡ͷĿɣһող޼ͽλϣ
㡭
ٴν¬ŵû겻ᡣ
ݣ
һ磬һڹ͵Ϯʿ
飡
ʿָڹ⵱ռסԭһž綾ϸ롣
ҲǹɵģκֶΣھʵǰԶģʿһЦ˲顣
һѰץ¬֡
¬ͷзɱƾ
¡һ¬ǿȴڽʿһ֮߹ޱ
¬Ҳ֮һ𣬴Ѫ
ӦͱԴǰһڡ
ʱ¬ַԼͻԼŮ˫ǰ
ѹ¬ʿͻӵϥ£ӣСͷĿ
¬ֲʧǺˣǱµ۹µ۹½ǹƷţ
˴ʥ⣺ͻӣ
ž
Ա߽ʿһƣȵ¬ҡͷԣֿ˵·ϣﵱ
¬һԼý
ԼϣȰƣ
ͻӴ𣺡úҵ۹ưոݣһȽԳɻҽ
ȱһֻȻͻֻǵһɨԱߡ
ɲǼۣžžһ£ץס¬Դ
һѪֱϹ¬֡
֨֨
Ѫ֮£ʹ¬ֺһֻ֣ĪÿҪ
ƤʼΪѪɫ˿Ѫϱ䡣
žžž
ȫȻγѪ񱻷ɱѪۡ
¬־Ŵ죬ҲʼѪѡ
û뵽˲ϢըƤ縡ʬĵǵġ
ּѪ鿪ƤҲѿȻһѪѪֻΪһֻëȮ

һ˻ˣתۼΪһֻ
Ϊ¬֣һڴɪɪ
ﻹ֮ǰǰ磿
¬ֻΪëȮߣֿ½ӣ¸Ӧ½ʿ
ѹٱǣͻΡȻ

һλŮӣʼ¬ֻëȮ
ͻֿԱߣŮ˫ףӣ񲻵Ʒ磬ҲǸСӣһ㣬Ʒ羾
Ʒ绹ģϲӣ˫Ҳ
ǧ־޹֣
ͻӶȻһ֩
ݣ
û뵽ͷ纣ɫİ˿סЩµ۹ʿסһ
ǧʧ
ʣǼǧŵñͷܣشֻⷽǼһЩߣ׶½ʮҺ
ش½ͦܿԶ½һƬѹѹӰӿ

޾桢ĪаϹݡ賤ţԼ޼һˣԽ񷡣
һϤϢĪа賤ɫһĨЦݡ
Īа棬ڴǰԶɳ½
뿪ʮ꣬Ҳ֪ĿǰΣɫУܿɳ½ڴ뵣ġ
ԼĪһʱ
һ죬󷽾ɳ½
ħε
̤ɳ½˲䣬ѸӦʦԪϢвϢ޼ϾϢΪ棬ĴϢ
ǰ޼ߣ̲ס̾Ϣˣû뵽ܻ֮꣬Żصɳ½
꣬ǲ񷻯׺
˵޼ŵ̸δ޼һЩǿ߸ӭӡ
޼Ҳ֪棬ɳ½Щ궯
Īа뿪󲻾ã޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼ĴţйӽǨƵ֮еĵɸԴҲӡ
ĴȻƿŸԵǰʼв԰˷ʿǱɳ½
޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼ĴҲʱʱһЩٹص
Щ޼ϾĴҲȥɳ½Ȱ˵ڲͬյеɢǿߡ
ֻмһ˼Ӫ󲿷˻ѡңһɢޡ
ԼĪ죡
޼Ͼˣнбһˡ
ˣˣ
޼Ͼһ棬¡
ҲǳˣʦܣҺʦ֣ʦʱʱ̶̿㣬˵㲻棬Ϊ֮һȪɽڿƷ˶֪ʦˣһЩ޼ɢޣ½޼ʿʱʱĽԼǣ
ұҪȥʤݣΪʦѰüգ˭֪컯ŪˣʦܡǰԴӹŹһ⣡
ů֮ô¡
ĪаҲбԼһǿߣ²š
ദһ󣬴뿪޼š
յصش桢ʪȻԵÿֲأڵͷа


1218 ׼ϴ
ͻƶ쾳󣬲ӡ޷ƿأӦϢǱǰ̫࡭
Զ쾳ٴλɳ½ǰһЩܣӦӵӦ֡
ɳ½ϡ٣аϢȽ϶࣬͸һɵ޼
޼ڱȻ˴Ӫ
յع֮УָӦϢҿԿƸ飬ڵһ£ǵһǿĵ޼ɳ½һյأԽ
ԼĪ죬ɳ½յ֮Уڿ޼أյأӦ֮ǰǴϢ
ڹȥʱյڼ硣
硢ڰԪʡسӰˣ۹ֵȴȴš
Ӱ´ҹħӹҲС
һ˳ֺ˸ӭӡ
һ飬Լִ򵥣޼ߣ·һۿ͸
ڲʮʿһɫ޼Ǿַֻǳ٣޼Ͼ۷ͷ
޼ϾԴΪͻƣʵҲǿ٣ʵӵ޼䡣
Ԫʵ˶桢ĪаȪɽ֮УǳȤֻһ־ˣ֮κξֻδᡣ
֮س硢бˣΪڶ쾳߽λ޼һ䡢ǿߣ桢Īаʶ
ԪʽܣЩЩ꣬ʵҲɳ½ɢޣ½ǿߣݾû⣡
һǳۺ񣡡
һɨб硢ش࣡
бݲȵĵڱȭҵȷ£ǿÿӦóеģ
ԪֵĿǰС£Ǹ𣡡
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ĴѲ⣬Ǵ󲿷ɢޣ˵ǣ
뷨Һף˭Ҳ֮¡
ǵõϢħȫʥ½ŴҲԮҾŴҲɳ֣Ҫɳ½Ŀ޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼ڣȻɢޡ
ɳ½иʿûӦǾŴ̽ӣ
˵桢Īа棬޼Ͼбسˣһһɳ½
ãһ˭ǽüͷ
ҿվŴˣ㣡
Ԫʴʱһ仰·˭֪޼ϣŴִҲȻףû޼޼κʿ޷γвĿǰ㣬ǹƻ뾡취ɳ½Ѱټ
ʦ֡ò
˭ʦ֣ӲȻŭ
޼Ͼɱףа˵ļΪˣʱɳ½Լ˷κδ½κ޼ʿҪΣգһ뾡Ը㣡
硢ڰҲʮΡ
˵ġǣܸܵ
ȴݲȣ΢Цлҹģҵ֪޼֪н־棬ҵ´ҲõģԾٶȣǵ󣬻Ѱطûһʺǵʱ뽫ĴǨƹŴɱĴűȻȻ𣡡
޼Ͼ޼ɳ½һյأҲ޼ڵڣ޼ڵżǿȥ￴
Уôˣ޼أҵʺ֮ؽһʱϢȥЩɢޣǼҵӪ
پ˰죬˲Ŵų˼ȥ
ðԼ賤ȥϢԼȥ·Դħ飬ҲãʮƲٵҩȻʮ֧
ǣı۽ȻûΣΪ׳׳ʵʵˡ
Щ̫Դı۽ɲٱܻûΣʵﵽ޼߽λ
۹ʵҲﵽ޼һ߶ȡ
бس硢ΪףڴʮʿۼһҸ˵Լ޼ڵӡ
ĪаʮʿЩΪһ㣬λ컯쾳Ϊ޼ҲˣΪܴﵽ޼߽λϡ١
˶࣬ʵȴǿ
ҹ
֮£Դռ䣬ȥʺ޼ߣ֮аԼ
ʦأ
֮Уаףһֻнѯسȥ
ͣʦ֮ǰټеӣæȥʦָϲ
Цݣʦڵڽ֮УҪ˼ܣ
аΪתָֻ̬ҲգаΪΪʦû
ͻƶ쾳ͻ֮󣬶ִﵽһָ߶ȣҿΪʦϴһЧ
ֲСһʵԸӦѪ⣬ΪʦδȻΪѪѪʯЫ綾ʱ仯⣬ʱҾ֪ӵвѪ


1219 ɹϴ
ʵӾѪ֮ϵӶ˫ؽ֮£Ϊʦϴ裬ȿϴЧԣҵ취ΪʦԼϸϴ裡
賤ԭ㲻ϧ³
̾̾
аڽͷ֮
Ȫɽӡ
ͷ֮䣬뵽ӡ
û뵽ҲΪ֮һȻҲԻӺܺ档
ȻƤΪɫʦͷɣһͨ
аͷŴ
ʦڸػš
ˣ
һѪа
ڴ߷ɲ˲丩ӿаκһ䡣
̡
Ϊɲ̫ԵаȳսƤлǱ䡣
ɲɲ̫Ե
Ҳ˿̣Ӧ͸аÿһ䣬ɲаʾסգ׷ױ
濴а
֮һǶѵģһҲд󲿷״̬Ψõġ
ˣһԣԺ
֮һ龭Ϊ̫ྭ飬Բаһ޷
𣬼Ѫ֮ʼһѾ
ȴţаʱʱ̴̿˿尾֮С
龭ڿʼգΪѪ̺·ʲôҪ
ͷŸΧѾϷա
ҹ
аͻȻ緢ע棺ȻȻ֮Ϊʦ޸һΪʦоֲ̺̫ˣ
޸һʦ⻹ʲôޣ޼ƴʱȫѻָ
˿ֵ龭̫࣬Ҳǣʦֻһ龭գȻҪԦȫϴ裬ȻͽȥѰұбͽ϶Ϊ
úãΪʦıǣ
·ü꣬аţŴϰ벻Ѫɫ档
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⣬һʪյ֮УʮֺƯš
·һԨаϢڻص
ȴӰƯУһö罫Ԩǡ
бس硣
֣ʦûʦȥ㻹ȥбһ˿ЦüǺ
سһƣԳˣֻĻң
򣺡ûģҲа˵㻹ؽаţ
ؽаţߣЦղаűŹһ죬ûваˣһֵڱ׷ɱֵڣΨ֧ţǲаš
ʵҷǳ֣һҲһҲмϧãȴ潨޼ڣһ޷ˣ֣֪ﲻҲĪֵܣʲôģΨΨŵŵ
֣ԶԼ޼ڣǲаŴӣڲаųڲа֮·ҪаţҪòаųΪƷһ
ͻسתбҿɲ£Ǵʦ֣أֻʦܣΪδ޼ڣҳΪʿ
бףҲһֱЭĪֵܣвŻ޼ڣ֣뿪ʮ꣬ŻѪɢ޹Ҳල£н򡣡
ĿһģҶ£кʸ񣿱ΪһҲȲҡ
Ҷ˽⣬ޣӦֻ겻֪ȥˣ֣ҿҪץʱ䣬ʮŬˣʦʦҲӲĽ飬粻ǸӣǸʦˣ
бУ˵ĻԵζ
֮󣬷ֿʧаԨ
ΧһƬ֡
̣
һ⡣
ڣ賤ȫѪɫû
ըһǡ
ɲΪܾϴȫ
ϵ벻̶ʱˣͻƶ쾳㣬ﵽ˺ŵزҸҿ϶޼ҲȲ㣡һ顢ա֮
賤ȻἸһ㣬ʢš
ֻż亹֮ǰ״ʦʩչЧУһЧԣҪõаգΪϸо
㣬ǽߣѣҲպ۵ӡ
賤ƽϢȻֵĵֶʤݣҶִˡŴ˽⣬⼸ڣǱȻжһصɳ½Ѱ䣬Ҿ㵱£ҪôȥǱ½һǸϽǿʵ


1220 ɱ
Ҳٶأʹ˵Ǳ½ɳ½ʱϹŶʵָǾŴִ˿սʱ򣡡
ǳΣֲϧԴǻָΪѳ׵õЩϿɣɷģִѪһһ֮
ϸúϢ赣ǣ
һӣ뺮뿪ˡ
صȥ޼ؿ
һȻ޼Ͼ·سҲһ־Ӣһٶˣһǰ޼ء
޼ɳ½һ棬⴦յظΣҲŴУһֹȥһҲȶ޼һ˽⣬ڽؽ޼ڡ
һȥ֮
Īаδȥ޼أǻصС
ϵܣ
б
ĪаԵú⣬ֻʮǰϲ£һȾơ
ҹбĪаգƺˣϵܣҿ޼Ͼ˿ɱֵܣǲΪǱЩֵĿ
ĪаƺҲͷˣҲϲ޼ϾˣаħаûУ̫б
ϧĸˣˣѪǺֵǣֻֵ뱨𣬿ɶѹУϸҺȶˣ
бͻȻĪаҡҡλλص
ɳ½
桢޼Ͼسһϰˣ뿪յأ𽥿ʪյء
ԼĪ죬Ϳ޼ؾ޴档
ؽһЩ֣Ժţ֣׷׷
;ˣٻƹħִڣҲбȹħʮǿڡ
ӡʱʱӿʹǿ飡
ʿ
ʱһԽһƬаԹǵ
޼Ͼʾ˷ٶȣͷŸӦûз֣ɵͷظӦ֮һжʮˡ
ûߣе㲻ϰߡ
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޼Ͼ棬سҲһЩ˸Ϊ޼ҿ򵥣
żֽЦĵӣ򵺴½֮йӴ
Сġ
س硢һٶˣ
ЩҪһղаб޼ֵӣоӢ
ӦʮˣһϢΧΪвڣЩҲҴͷϢ
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ǰһƬ޾ƽԭԼɳ֯һ𣬸ò
к󲻾ãָӦһЩʿϢϢǳӣ̺޼ʿء𸣵صϢ
ǰһԨϿǰСϿȡ
ϿԵ÷ǳͻأпܣϿǰǳսɡ
Ϣ̫࣬ҼΪǿң治֪жǿ顣
޼Ͼܣ￪ʼ޼أ˷½ΪѰ޼ڵƬ棬õַؼ
˽һᣬ浣ʱΣգýسǰʦ㡢ʦ֣Ƕȥǰ̽̽·ǲϿȣǧĪȥ˴ϿҲвʿЩʱз֣ʱһȥ
سĵʦСģ
ಣ
źϿԨһ֮Ϣ˵Ͽȸ
Ȼиʿ
Ͽȴʮָӷ֮£Ӧֻܸң޼ϾӦԼкüڸʮƶϿħһǿа顣
ϾܿƬ󲿷飬齨һ֧ʬŴִҲ׶ԸһЩ뷨
޼ϾԾħߺҶѹ綾Ǿ޼۷ͷҲɵ֣Ҳֻܿ飬ܿƷ󲿷飬ǾһȻݣ
飿
ԣԷˮǰ򵥡
һ˲뿪Ͽȣ
ƽԭǲÿʼǸɽϿԨҲӿ£޷ΪϢ֮УǷʣһڣͻ
𸣵Ϣ
û뵽˫ͫ˽һƬ嫣Ʈź꣬ԼаϢɽ֮УӦʮ֮⣬ʮԻ𸣵Ϣ
ʮˣ΢΢ϢЩ˼޼ǿߡ
޼ϾڨڨЦҲЩ˾ǾŴ̽ӣ޼Ѱټ
Ҫݾߡ
ѡ뿪ɽȥյؿ
ʱ
˺󷽾Ȼʮˡ
һǺۣǷ·ܿ桢޼ϾϢߣ΢΢߶һϢ
߿Աߣƻ棬̫ˣ˶ѰҴˣȻִ˺ҲҪŵģҪӴϵõ޼
رǻɱˣȡ޼ҲҲһ˫۾Ƕ


1221 ʩչ
Ƿֿж
߷ֱʮˣһһҿ桢޼Ͼٿ£
Լʮ֮⣬桢޼ϾСڵϷգΪȻյԽ޼
޼عʼ½࣬һЩ
ֹȥһ󣬵˼һԨʱովģͷظӦ֮û뵽˼ͬʱ¶ɱ⡣
ңʮ⣺Ȼ˸ǣ֪һ·ٶãűӦ
޼ϾòҲǳ󣺡ЩбӦòǰ·ͻȻͷϢô֣޼
ǿߣӦþ֮ǰ޼࣬Ӧǹ
˷ǳСġЩܲټ
ҲЩƼйϵ򵺴½ǣζʤ֮ãΪĿߣЩͷĳЩҵϢ
ˣԨ
޼ϾʱһָһԨ
ҲͶϢ֮նԨ޵ʤݶţʵ

·һʮҲ֮׷
һȺߣԾԨ֮С
û뵽ԨðһƺǰһɽһȺǿ׷ɱϢʪʧ˲ﵽ
ڸյĶˡ
ȷ棬ܸˣ
ǿѰϢ
߿һٶԳԽЩ޼ǿߡ
û뵽ٶʩչ֮󣬽Ϣ׷ǧ׺󷽡
޼ϾһƳΪﵽ޼ľͷ뵱ҵĻƽһ
ҿ·Ӧе»ߣǰǻɽȻһԨǾԨ֮£ֱԸǿߣʮ޼ǿߣ浱棬˶׸һϡ
Ҫɱˣ
̬֮У͸Ź϶ǿҵɱ
ٶȲδﵽ£ʩչµĻ޼ϾٶӦ߲ࡣ
ʩչ֮ϣٶȸΪˡ
ӦԨײû뵽涼ǰɫ¶ȾˣΧƯɽң޼ϾӦϺ졣
߽̤Х棬ӣźɳ½ֳһѰ䡣
ƥʲôˣҲκβңƺڼŭߡ
һָ򣬻л𸣵ءء帣ءصȵȴɳ½޵͵꣬ע˸ˣ޼ģ
ݣ
Ҳ߾ȻɣѸɱһڵ
Ӻ󷽱Ϯɱһ潣ۡ
ಣ
桢޼ϾǳǱһŶ㿪
ȴץᣬһԾɱལֹ˼ߣֳûǰ
ɲǼ䣬ҲߣһǰһΧ롣
ԵûšҪҲҪףǲ᳾ƶ졢ƶ׷ɱҶǲֶΣҵҵ䣿
Ҳ޷㲻ܴĳߣ
ǰɵذͷҲ֪ʲôˣһϢظǣǰʲôλãʲôһǼôˣ
֪ͨǣ
Ҳʣ֪𰸻á
֪֮ͻȻоȫ䣬ϯÿ䡣
ڴ֮ǰƶпܷԼϢ
Ͼƶǿߣʵ̫졣
Ȼ
Ȼ
صƷ缸󲿷˶ĵˣ޼
޷µ˭ܷ䣬ֶԸԼ
ˡ£
һʱԺֲ
硭ѩ
ֻơ𶥼ͷ
Ҳп
Ͼţ֣ұնϣһٶȡ죿
ܷϢЩѣǲܡ
棬ǾҪңȻûҵ㣬޼Ӵ˳Ϊ
ɱ
޼Ϊץһͬɱ޼Ͼ档
У޼Ͼߣв档
žž
޼ϾɲǺǵģΪȲϾŴϣʵȴѷɫ
ϾҲɱԷƷΪԴ·磬˲佻֣ưԵ
ݣ
һߣ
ҲƷ
ɱƣΧʯڱ
ɲ
û뵽
һɱ沢δʩչ֮Ҳδܣ˫һϣ˸Żơ
ƲࣿգҲ߼״ȻŭƸǿһ֣һ

䣬뽣˫ؽ֮£ɼڵƻԵ
Ʒټ˫ؽơ
һ뽣ɱЦŽɱڣ𵴶˺ѡ


1222 Ѫ
漸ųƤóֶѪѣҲһ̣ϡӡֱ۶Ѫѡ
䡭
ɱڣ֪ǽƻǽǵը죬
ͣһǰֳֵֹһɱڡ
޷ֲѪѣӦѱơش
һĻ߲мЦߣţЩʵҲӴ󣬵ΪȪɽΪţǿߣ꣬߹·գСģ

Ȼƣעʱ
浭ɨһߣЦ޼ǿߣƷȻ˵
˵СӣͷˣƤӣͿҽͷ£߲Ȼһŭν
䣡
˭֪һȶˡ
ȭͷͻȻȫѪʱѪ߿Ƶͬʱը
ը޷ԤϣӾãǲԼ֮޷ܣ֮Ѫ
Ͼ洫Ǹ컯ʿ޼Ҳ䣬ͷĶ֡
Ȼ
Ѫ㱬֮ʶֵסѪ
˲䱻Ѫ֮ûԼѪ
ƺ߻ľãԼһ̫汬
ȴڴʱ˫ۣԼڷ·𣬴˵֮Ѫɫ磬ΧܼģѪԼ档
ȫûһѪɫ硣
ߡҲ֪ε۷
߷Ȼ𣬿ʼԦ
֮ˣȻ޷Ƶ
һһɹѪסѪû˴󲿷֣Ѫӵĳ޷Ƶ
Ͻֿʼӡ
Ѫɫ࣬ɣ
Χκһ䣬ɱ֮
֮Ϸն𣬲֪һɻ߽ӡͷųʱ
ͬʱһѹƤ˺ѣѪ֮ΧѪɫ롣
ΣһΣţ־忴ΧһУ˫֣κνӡƣԱλ͸ŵ֮顣

ǰѪɫջ֮УѪɫ棬ա
ɲΣ
һ·Ѫ֮УƬռ䡯ףҲǷռ䣬ҵռ䣬̫ˣΪң˲ͷ
ҡͷʹоͬж˿飬ӡ򣿲ܣǺε򣿶𣬶ѪࣿһСӣôӵзֶΣ
ڱ䣬ڱ䣬ȴδ䣬һ˻ˣҵУֻбһɽΪһ³
ƽꡣ
ͣ
һ̣ΧϷСڸȡ⣬ѪɣԱΧѪɡ
ʦܣ
磡
޼Ͼ֣ɱذһߣǰȻһƬѪ
ȴߣ÷ҪȥѪ
޼Ͼɲ֣ɱһָӡ޼ժ֣Ԫ󷨣
߸ոƳһɣȻһָӡ̺ͨץ
޼ϾûһͨɱɱΧǧ֮⣬½ʯ׷ס
Ѫڣ
಻бԡʵһս
Ѫߣϱ룬ֻʣѪǣħС
ߡ
ȻںҲߡ
Ȼ䣬һǰϣ΢ߣ޼䣬;ܻɱˣʵҲǶ֣ҳ֣һ˲ͨԪ񣡡
ƷԪ
ҲߣΧѪɫռ䣺ɲ治֮ǰм꣬Ӧ򡢷࣬ͳںû뵽ʩչɲ򡢷Ϊһ壬Ϊһ֡޷ݵͨһǿɣ
ϲˣ˵ɣоͻƶ쾳ǳǿ󣬹Ȼӵɲ
ӵмżȻкܴԭӵѪ𣬺õɫʯ֮ںϣɫʯںϣһʼ½յõϿɣŵõ
ǰһ·治ףӵͨӦӵеģ
Դ̾Ϊֹ
ôżȻ
úú
û뵽ǧأȻСУ
Ȼ㣡
߳ױɳһʬҲڿʼ顣
ллˣһ꾫Ԫ󷨡Ѫ󷨡Ѫɫȵںϣ˲
ͻȻصЦЦ
磡
ѪԼʮɣͻȻ俪ʼʧ
ڶϢ󣬾ͻΪһͷѪӰ
֮һЦֶȫġ
ɱʦܣ޼ϾƵüԻߣҲ³ͬŸ³


1223 ѩ
һʧȥǣɱϮ
ۣ
˭֪޼Ͼ͵ȴţܸһĻᡣ
ʱ͸ķһеʼ׹䡣
ЦϾʵҲѴﵽ޼䣬ʩչѪԪ󷨣ɴһŵУӦÿͻ޼䣡
лˣ˴ϹҲܴһɢޣǿ˵ز
߽Ʒȡͳͳݸ档
ϣ
ʮǿߣһҲ׷ɱΪ޼һ䵽䡣
̫ˣΪʵʲô
ȻС񣺡С˲ɱȻʩչɲ˲仯ΪѪ״̬ʬ徫ɣΪѪҪѪΪʦϸָ
׼Ҫ˲ɱʮ޼ǿߣ
ͻȻѣˣԪӦȺ˺ͻȻٷ
Ԫ
һ޼Ͼ档
һ𸣵һɱ棡
ʮŭɱǿߣͻȻּ
û뵽ǻ𸣵ǿߣ
һ˲ɱô໯𸣵ǿߣ޼ϾɵˣȻ𸣵Ҳˣ
𸣵أ
ﶼǣ
ˣֻǿϻͷ޼Ͼһɫ漷üͷ
Ҹط˵Է˶ڣ˵ҲҪʱɶǿ߾
ϣ
һ˲䳯󷽷Ӷȥ
ϡ
ˣ
֮ɱһʿӰӶȥӦΧϤѪצǴ߶׷ɱ
𸣵ҲԨδӰӣ׷ɱȥǼ˹ȥ򣬼˷ֳһͬ
Ȼ㣡
Ԩֳ־Ŵǿߡ
帣أ
һʮˣɢһɹҲԨķѰ档
Ȼֻ֪أȴǸء
޼ϾʱҲ㣬ǳʯ桢յԨ
ϾҲ·ŻƵģսˣ·̫£ҷ޷ᣬȥµճˣ
˵ضҶԣǷˮأʩչϻϵ򡭡
Ȼ֮е棬ͻȻһɻը
һȥΪʮɻ磡
޼Ͼ˲ᣬΪ
ﵽ˵ز꣬ǰ׻ˣȲУ
ܵ˲һ˿޼ϾٴξΪˡ
쾳ʵͬնϴζʤ֮ã漴֮о

޼Ͼץ֮ǰʬ塣
Ԫ󷨣
˫ͫ˸ĺ⣬Ͼɲʲôаħ
ʵǿǸ
˫ִʬ屳ĺܿʩչԪ󷨣ճо
ҲܿںѪ󷨣һЩѪžӿϾʱ羫ǣʵ
ǴʱͷųޱȣڶƬγɳ
ں½ԴԼһ޵ò籾ԴϾ£ҲЩԽ
Ƕ쾳ĸ߶ȣʵͨ޼Ͼ֮ϡ
ڿռ䣡
Ա״̬ȫ
һνһΣо󣬳Ǻڳ½ӿȡ
Ѵﵽ쾳һ۷壬ںǧ꾫ںһʱ䣬Ƽ䣬ͻƶ䡭

زѪռҲ𣬴󲿷ȻѪ𣬸ȴ档
·һ֣ҪڻΪɲֲֿѪ״̬
ʱƬյԨΧĳֺ
ಣ
ӰԽֺҶ
ѩȷ帣صõ䣬˾ǰһԨ֣ƺɱϣ
ǴӶʤ뿪ȥʼ½ɽѰҴˣɳ½Ѱ꣬Ⱥ޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼Ĵ޼Ѱ飬û뵽޼֮У
ˣ
˴˲ɳǰ
·Ԩ
ԭһһŮһʮ֮һһǷѩ
ѩؿ𣺡磬л㣬Ŀǰħս㲻ŷҲҪɳ½Ը棡
ֶȻһЦõ޼Ҿͳȫ㣬ʱҪƷ磬׳ۡ˫ʽ
õ޼һУǿƷǿ֮һҵҪ죬ҪݣŴȻ׽棬ĿҶŴ˭ռ޼
ӲõģʵѺǿ󣬼ңҲܻɱκδϣ治⣡
л磬ߣ
˲ƬԨ֮С
˿̣Ԩһˣʮ֮ڡ
ӰͷߺȻԭʥͨǧĺѩ
һԨʱоһϢϺ¶ɢ


1224 ɱ
ԼĪԨԭʥŶһʯţͻȻ֮Ƕ˿Ҫģһ棬򲻿ɸţκγϽԲУΪʦõڱ޼۷壬̤һƿʱӵл֮
˹һжʦΪ𣡡
ȻΣܻųǿ޼޼֮ٴִ˸оΣ޼˾ӦǿУΪʦõΪٴϴ裡
ӽǣ
ΪʦȻǣ
ԭʥٴǿһ䣬֮ģ֮С
Ԩز֮С
ڣ޼Ͼѽһս֮һٶǲ
ٿ棬ʱȧǶһɹѪƣ·ӴὫѪơƤѡ
˭֪
Ŷ򣬷ǳƯڻյ֮УһĨδ֪Ϣ΢΢һ𵴡
ˣ޼Ͼֹͣʬ徫
Ҳǳ⣬˫ֺʮѰˣˣʮǿߣ겻ɢƾŴѻ֪ټԨӦвپŴǿߣٳ룡
Ȼ䣬Ϸգ޼Ͼʮǿ
ʮа˾ž棡
ǧ׻ˣɱȺˣһ֮쳹Ƭյء
ɲǴ߶֮
ʱ֮ǰЩͬ֯ٻƣһһӡ֯ɡ
ͷһЩ޼ϾХȥǰյأ·¯֮С
ڶԿ棬ɱЩǿߣԭ帣뻯𸣵ΪʮǿߣԦԵںϣڽͷŽƣʱһھ޴򣬸׷ɱȥ
ʱ޼һɽ߿գһЩ֮ʱʱɱɽ
ȻһЩʿһӢʲҲһЩŮʿ·
Լʮˡ
ЩԽ棬ܿӹӡյѡӡҮʴ͵š
ҮʴͻȻٶȣλǶɳ½޼йصʿͻȻ֪䣬Ҳһļͷ磬֪ǰһżԨǼȴˣִûȤһѣ˭Ȼɱ棡
һţҲ£˭ȤԲⳡɱ֮У˭ܻɱ棬ԸóһƷ
ӹӽͬúãҮ֣Ǿͱһȣ˭Ȼɱ棬ҲЩͣǿɲܵģ
ǿҪЩǰȥ
û֮ǾٰһɱϷǣԼڸЩѣ˭Ȼɱ棡
ҿҮڱصã
Ҳ뵽ⳡɱϷ֮С
޼֮⣡
Ҳʮʿһʮ֮һİ¹Ҳ¹
ЩҲնȥ
Ȼ¹¹㣬治һɳ½Ͼǵ۹ҲҪɳɳ½޼
¹ɳ½Իܲ򵥣޼ɢǿҲ٣飬մȾϾ綾ҲԿƣþȥ֣Ҫзִ磬ȰȰӹӣһ˼׷ɱ˷ǳ򵥡
¹ͫʪ󣺡һСġ
꣡
˭֪Ҫ˵ʲôʱһӿ֡
꣡
Ӱ¹Ҳ
㣡
¹ǳżӰ¹ΪλʹͻȻ߶ԴԱϵǣҳڣδԴ߶
¹񷣺Ҳǡ˵ħٽҲɱ½ʹϻȥӣʱϻȥ
㵱ģ
¹Ű¹ȴӰռ֮вӰ
½
˭۹߶Դ󣿡
·λڿռѷ֮С
¹ȫһâϽڰƿ
ѲաСݡ
ҲӲٶȣ
Ȼ˴󣬱Ȼǽǳֲزʩչ㴩Խͨ
¹ɫ֮йżȣͫȻۣͻȻһڰץ

ããϣѲǷƽ˾ˮȻȾˣ㳱ʬ壬ԶԲʮѪ
Ҳ֪ʬ壬ý㳱׺ͨ
֮аգͻȻѿһ϶
¹ź¶üű˪յش߿ա
һǰ棬·˼㳱ˣԱµ۹ʿʵ壬Ϊ㳱ʳ
ô
¹־㵵ؿԶ½
ʵҲԶʮ֮⣬½ƺҲѪɫ֮УຣԫϡϡѪӿ
½ʱʱʱһҫܿ½һ籩֮С
壡
¹һ
Ѫ˲ȻԶ£Ϊδ½֮гֶ


1225 ¹սλǿ
¶ڻˣͺãҪģ֪ʮսһͷ޴ЩޱǿЩԳԡֵ۹κһʿȻ޼䡢䣬ʵǳ죬κһ޼䣬ʵܴﵽ޼䡢䡣
Ѫ֮Уһ߾ϲֲٶЩ˹Ȼɱ½֮ɱӣһʿ͹ڣʿץס˵ͳͳ䵱ֵ۹ū
ֵ۹
˪עü¹Ҳǳɻ
ҡҡͷδƷ磬һ۹Īλĳһ׺ĵ۹Ʒ硭
Ѫ֮߶¶ҪģС֣ǻδʽɱǵ۹أԮɳʮɴ֧Ԯʮ˴룬һŻʿ˵
壬ûаյֵϳ½ҲִۣħʲôϵʥҲпܣ½һͨ½ħԿ
ģ¶ٻ
Ѫ͸Գĺǻ
¹ѪӾֵ۹Ҫкͣ
ಣ
һ˿½
Ҳͺ䣬¹ո½Եʬ壬ڴأһЩҪӺˮ֮ϰʳЩʬ塣
ٴһżǰӢһƬƬֺһЩСûһڡ
ţ
ʱһͨǳأ·һƬţߣƿʮŮڿն
ɶŮǵ۹ҪŮʸЩʿ
սûŮĻʲôɾ
ߣδͷŸӦֵ̬·ؼ䣬Ǿߡ
Ŷ
ü¹ԣһƮ
߼һۣɴϲɫɫŮץȥһüǮ׸ЩǿԽüװ
һҲĦȭƣȻһ¹ȥãҼ©񵽱
¹·һֻ
ݻǺ͸ֻ֪Ժδֵ۹εȱ
ӭĽ߰˫ۣ֪Ǳֵ֪۹УȻץȥҲ֪λߣһֻɫڣһܸϻ
λߣ
ֻ¹ͫٿȻŴ𺳵ܣ֪λߣƷûмˣ
ŶҲΪԾ
Ȼ԰¹е࿴˼Ҳ֪λߣһ֪λߣ
ԭһãλλֻǴ˵ǳ̺κ鶼пܣλĴڣǡ֪ǲνλߣǡԽߡ
ԽߣԶԣλ磬ʿһ˵ͳΪԽߣðɣʵҲǴԽǺӣλ磬û뵽СƤƷ磬һ˵λ磬򶨵ʿһŮӣ
Ҷλ磬ԼԽ߳棬һֱ֣Ƕ˿ɱ½ɱҽҲὫͷȡ£Ѫ꣡
Ʒ磬ЦЦ
ǲЦǽ֪ģ
СƤе˼ҿΪӦôﵽ޼۷Ϊʸ񣿵ֻ޼䣬Ըλʿ´࣬СƤ챾үｫֳˣ߶ŭˡ
һƲŮĽߣɫԶԶɨŰ¹ֵܣҿ㣬Ȱֵټ©˾ɫŮλҲٰ֮
úã£ֳֵһ죬СƤһߺ䡣
֮һ̤һ
䣡
ԽΪΧһռʱսѸͶ˲ɼף¹Ƕȥ
СƤ޷ɣڨЦ
䣡
ڰ¹ڿռ䣬԰¹ƣǿǰ
Ŷмʵ

һ԰¹ʵĿ࿴ͻȻͻɱһȭȭ
¹ûܣҲһƳȭĳ
䣡
˹Ƶɱһ𣬼һͬ顣
˭Ҳûռơ
СƤ㾹ȻʵǱƵñʩչʵ߿ʮǰİ¹
ͻȻٴһ̤ͷųƣΪһЩռ䶼Ҳ˺ۡ
ɱ
һĳһѷ䣬ͬҪû¹
㿴Ʒ磬ϴڵʿж಻
¹һĽӡʽһɻɲ˳

ûҲǿҪ
Ȼ֮԰¹ͷƣǿֲЩɱУյöʱʧȥͨԦ׷顣
СƤ
¡
Ȼѹơ
߶ŭˣ죬ͻȻϳֽ֯ƣͻȻ뽣֮С


1226 빫
飡
һȭɱ
¹ָֻһ㣬ȭͷһ֮⡣
߶ʱˣܣɲ⣿
һηһƱ֮ǰӿ¡
¡һ𣬻潫¹ס
ʵҲ޼䣬ʵȻܴﵽ䡢䡭һΰ¹Щ㵡
֪˰ɣ
ɱɱɱ
ߴųԵռƵøоͻȻͷͨһƬƣ֮һ㣬ɱ¹
ٴη𵴣һγ֮˲û߿ա档
֮ڣһжڱΪʮ֮⣬һɽҲڱ

ִӸ߿֣ͻȻٴץƣһƴﵽǧף˲𵴵ɱȥ
ֻΧʮ˲ֱûƣʮ֮ڵȻ޴棬ȥʮ⣬ƻܴﵽʮ⡣
ţ
ΪһƬ棬顢еա
ݣ
ƺҲѰҡȴ¹
û뵽¹ͻȻ·ɱ߻һŷ֣һȭӭȥ
ۣ
⣬ֻһУ¹һȭߺ˲飬һѪ
㡭߾ֶɴŰ¹
ͷҪˣ
ۣ
¹ֵֻ֣ͫһ
ߵͷ벱˲룬Ѫ
㣬Ʒʿ¹ɱֱ֮ɽһޡ
ʬ壬¹ֻĮӡ

˭֪ƿŮߡ
ͻȻŭһ̤߿ա
һ˲ŭٵɱ¹һȭץ

¹ϳһף֮ȭͷϷ
ž
ȭͷڰ¹ϣڸ߿ʧأ׹ء
˲е棬¡¡һըѣȻһײһּȭͷѹ¼׹
׹䣬ʯ顣
ߴϷ׷ɱҲ֮Уɱҵ۹ʿƷ磬ҵ۹δʧһλֵܣ㾹ɱǵˣ
ڱѹȣȻ޷壬׹֮еİ¹Ϸʯɣ壺֮ǰɱһɱ㣬ֵܾȥ䣬һѵܰɣ
СƤһὫȥҸֵܣҹĥ㣡
ײٵԨʯ
ץһڵѹȣ׹ǧ׵İ¹
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ݣ
ٶԽԽ죬Ҳʱɱ¹ǰ
ƣ
ͻأ¹ָһָȻһ⻪̺Ʋ˷˲ɱǰƶĵ
ɷϢѵǡ
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ɼָһĨ⻪һ뾪
䣡
й⻪˲䣬ײţڹ⻪֮£ӽ⿪ʼ顣
Ȼˡ
ۣ
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ˣ
¹ײҲ㣬κ֮ײͣһƤʯϡ
ٿϷһ޴档
ɱƻ֮ǿš
ʬ׹ʯ֮У¹ɨһۣطȴ֮󣬲վ
ಣ
һɶ𣬴Ӽǧײ֮зա
ץѪ壬ˣ½򣬵˷ǳǿ󣡡
ȾǣԶЩŮߺ
¹ոתһƺҲˡ
֪ƾ֮ʲô־ϢȻתӡһռʧˡ
ɲռ֮д󣬰¹亹󷽵˿ռ䣺ղôһϢдĿǰսʤĴڣˣƷҲֻ˶ѣ

û뵽ǣ󷽺ڰգҲһӰβ
¹ٴһɵÿǵӰԭһꡣ
ͻӡ
һԪ񡭡㲻һԪҽְɣ¹ɵǿź󷽵ͻӡ
ͻЦӾúܺ棬˭Ʒ磬ɱʿû뵽һŮˣ
ɱ¸֣Ϊ𣿡
ˣǲֻ˭ģҲǳ£ʵҲϻ̺Ϣ˲ţλǳѼɱϧ
նɱʿĵˣ㵹е㲻ϧ
ϻӣ֮ǵңҲɱ㣬ҿҪͻһ㣬ʱʸߵŮúȥɣƷ죬Լҵġ
δ̫˰ɣƷ磿ƷвǿߣҲввŻ֮


1227 ·
ʵѷǳǿ󣬱߻и֣ҪƷģŰɣ㿴ʵʱ뿪Ʒ磬Ĳ㽫ӵ޾ԴУȨƣ

ͻ˵֮Ԫںʧˡ
¹һ󣬼ͻδ׷
֮һȭץͻȻȻռ·޾
¹żٺδź󷽺򣺡λߣԽĴڣ̫ˣʵҶ޷һ֣ˣƷˣ˵֮λ羹ȻɱƷ磬ִ˶Եֵ
һƿղӰ
½
һ֮УʮսƯš
Ů˫Ȼ󷽡
һͻӣͻأһ⻪
֮תŮ˫һЦû뵽ӻǶˣûлɱǸŮӣ
˲һɱϧ뷲磬޵ý۷ʵףǰ¡
Ů˫Ҳ£֮ǰյϢ½ֻмһЩǿߣ֮ˣֻһа¹ŮʿӦþǻӷŹ֮ˣ
¹Ǳλ磬Ӳⷽλ磬ŮҲǱӲƲ֮һ
ǰƷעǻ֮
Ӷλ磬Ҳһ־սżһ½±ǣ
ͻƵҡҡͷ
˴ٴ﷨ռǳ˲Ƹ

ɳ½
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شھһ¡
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ȴƬ̣ݲôϢǰȻɱʮ𣬽ϵʮɽ硣
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ҲΪ⣬ʱȥ𸣵أ帣أ˶֪ҲԨ
ಣ
Ȳѣһѷȥ
ƣٶȷǳˣϻϵ˸Ӧ»յء
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Ⱥ˷·ڴ˵棺Ӧþ棡
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ʮ𣬼Ԧ磬ԼɱĻ𸣵ǿߣͻȻ˫һ֡
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ѪƬӿɱĻ𸣵ؽ磬֮ѪƬʼ飬ΪһֻֻһߴС򽡣
Լǧֻһڽ⣬ſСɽ
֮ڣǻĵȥɱ棬ȴû뵽綼򽣬һɽ磬Ըܵ
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һ˲䣬յػӿ¡
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𸣵شӣ޼һ䵽䣬˴󲿷֮С
޷ٶԸѪ
Ѫ磬ڲκЩ𸣵ʩƣʵֽԱѪɡ
ѪԽ࣬ᱻΪѪ
СɣҲУЩ˾ǿߣҪָ
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ʮ𸣵صӣ֮£ȹϣͷܡ
һ޼ߣȻһȺ𸣵صӴͷˡ
Ѹץڵ
򵥣ԭһģһĵﵽƷ߶ȣһ̤һɽִ߶һɱ硣
ĸĸ
ʮ⣬û뵽һ
ĸ
޼һΪĸӶ
ĸϡ٣ƷҲҲټ
뵽ײˣһƷĸ޼ǿߣҲܴ߶֮
ݣ
ɱֽ̤·ϵ֮޷
ˣٶȷǳˡ
һ棬һɱ
滩֮гһڵ
彣
Ҳɽ


1228 Գ
޼䣬Ǻǣ
һ棬ջ֮ϣһЦȪַ壬컯䣬ʵѴﵽ޼䣬ͻƶ쾳Ը޼䣬ѹ
Сݵò֪Żף֣ǳϣ䲻̫ϳϣɱǴ´࣡
ɱ˿գ߷ŭز˵֮ϾȻɱ׹⡣
Ǿ
ǻ𸣵ǿͨԵϡ
̣
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һɱһǵںϣɱ׹⽣ƣн֯ɡ
Ҳ㿴ҵ׻
⿴ϵƣɵҲ棬ҲɱϵֶΡ
׻񱩶֮бߣȻΪץžžը졣
׹ɱ
Ϸди·ͷŵϵѾȻںϡ
䡭
̣
ϵʱɱһ֮·ڹԪ
˫ְͷǳܡ
Ҳüͷ֮УҲϵը죬ܵӰ죬ͨԪعĵ屣ûܵһв
СӣϵֶΣΪҲ̺ϵЩʵ
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ŶȥꣿȻʱ䣬ܴڣձžطΪţǱУǱŸ߲㣬ƳΪ̺࣬ϵķ
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Ҳ˲䱻ǧ֮УʵҲ

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ݣ
ûƿǧף棬һٴɱ
Ϊͨ״̬󷨡ڲ˸ֽǿڵһ߶
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ҲӵĸΰɣԷãķ
ݣ
ڵǽƣΧȻԸ飡

ۿǿɱڵҪͷ­
ͻȻֿһɲһ
ڵϷһ߸߶ȣһ̣ɽ۰ɽԸٶɱڵ롣

ڵ飬ɽֲ𺳵߲ӡ
ֻһĨѪ䣬£ҪһͷԨġ
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ͻȻɱ϶ˣӳǿߣһĳĳ࣬ȻҪѪɸɸɾ
ڣ𸣵һ棬ͬħϧɱҲȲǿг֡
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˿̣һ˻ԨɱһƬ硣
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֮ߣһ䣺ɱ𸣵ء⴦յأ
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ʮһͬ߶ͷŽ磬ԸΧյ
澹ȻɱڲһصӣҲǸ֣˭һɱ棬ȡ޼
ΪŽ
ʱ˿̣һ쾳һʿȻɱŴ֮һء
ȥɱˣ
һ֣һӽɱ
˫ִ߶ӡ֮£һӯȥವһΪɾ޴
ĲҲлҲﵽһˮ׼
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˵ص㣬ںϡ
Ȼյػ棬¶ˣȻǾ޽֡
ͻȻץɽֻǺ⳯ɱľ޽һ㣬⽣ھ޴󻯵֮¡
ѵһ޽оȻϿ
ۣ
ˣڵ⣬ž޽ѣҲѪ
ۣ
Ǻ䣬ڴǺѪǻͷĿѣ֮ʣɽɱţһ
ţʬȸɣ
һʬڲˡ
ɶ׼߶󣡡
ڲǿߣû뵽ͬһ֣˲ɱҸΪ˵ǣ˲顣


1229 ּӹ
æŻʶжֲ
ٶȶȻȻһץ˽ץһӣɹɱС
ˣɱɱˣ
һߣŵòᡣ
æΧӡ
ݣ
޼ǿߣеɳǽӡͬ켣ͬơ
ͣ
ڴﵽƷƷ˫ֺʮ֮ʣոɱ棬һͷٳ
ÿһڵ̺ͽơ
ߣ
治ûֹܡ
ȻһͷӭȥڵɱǰŲأɱɽ
һ

ڵһڿɽײһڽһڶѣһΪƬ˸ҫĿ⡣
֣Ҳһͬɡ
ɱɱɱҲɣ󷽸ǿ֣߳ɱ档
ЩӣһƳǿߣһ֣һ֮Уĸŵò
ɱȣ
ͻȻ䶯ˣѪɲ
ѪɳǻΡѪ
ЩЩ˻δɱ˲ӡ˴߶ɲһĻˡ
һˣ˲仯ΪѪ
䣡
Ϊǣ
ЩɱѪɱЩص֮УЩӸոɱ빥ƣѪʼΪһͻֲ͵Ϯ
ͬʱΪѪ棬ڴѪƣûʮص֮ʣҲǶȥ

֪ĸӣѪ֮ľţž
ѪѪɫըҽУ˷
ɲ֮УڲЩصӣ߶ַͨͨӡȻԵ
ϧ̫Ѫɱɵ·һһ㣬ʶַЩӡ
ΪֲǣѪĲ򽣬Ѫ֮УһصΧЩӴ߶һ룬ԱѪ
ȻѪɵĻһ֡
ǱΪѪɲɡ
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صиܣڲ߶ͨѪ·Զ޷һ·
ΪֲǣǿѪڤڤ֮У޷ƵرѪʱʱ̿š
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ѪɫҲʼɲ֮д
ֲˣصϣȻֱӰѪ˿Ҳŵòᣬʹ໲ҽС
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ţСǺúôǿϾȡﵽ޼۷壬ȥǿ߸߶ȣ
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ˣ
޼ϾѪܶЩѸõٴ䣬ʬ塣
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׼뿪ãҲڿѪ֮ٸһʱ䣬ƿˡ
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ʩչɲ״̬棬޼ϾӦ𵴣䣬Ѫ֮УһЩŽǡȵâ
濴ǰֿЩâһַԶͶϢҵѪɫҲӦ
Ϥ
һʶϢӺ͸
ӿ߶ɲ״̬ҲֽٶӰ
ǻ𸣵ءϢ
Ӱ֮У߾
Ǽͷ磬棬һӵվ
ಣ
Ѫ״̬棬Ϊ״̬Ҳһصӻߡ
½ϢᣬʵӦӹӡֲϤû֪˭ˡ
û治ߣ಻㣬棬ܷʲôˡ
˲Ϣǧ⣬˼Ԧ磬һͬΧյ
һۼˣӹӡյѡӡҮʴЩϤҲһЩͬɱš
ˣ붼ˣʣµľԾŴǿߡ
桭
ӹӵǧԶʱٶ޷ﵽƽʱȥɸ߶ȣЦŸߺ⴦յ㣬ѱŴǿ߰Χ·µţ
ҲĺȵӹӣʱȪɽ㣬һûж⣬ǲǺܺڣ½ʱ㱾׻ɱңȻȴҼ죬нⷬʵ


1230 ͻƶ쾳
걾ӵȷڣ֪£ʱһ
㻹ĵļһʼ֮ûʸҹţ
棬㻹ǵҵܵܣģ첻ΪҲҪΪ˽˶ԹɱҮʴͻȻ֡
ɱң
治мҮʴĳҮʺƣҮʴͣб¾ɱңҲϣǸʵ
֣Ү֣˭ɱ棬ⳡԼȻʮڵ˭ɱ棬ʮƷ˭ģ
˺󷽸ߺ
λֵҪ͵£¾ˣҮʴɨӹӣȻһ˽֮Уɱ档
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ӹҲɳٶԱȲҮʴ͡
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Ҫȵ׷˵
Ե棬ķ֮һţ棬˵һӢ
沪ȻХ޼Ͼף˲߷ȥ
ڴʱ˻һٶŴǿߣһ׷ɱ
ⷽյأѱŴǿߣΪΧˮйͨ
ӣ
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һЩߣҲǵҽӵȥпӳȥڻӲģȫͻˣȥҸطͻ˵ʵǣ
ϴ˵ҲɲǿߣҲһͻ޼о
Ǿˣߣ
֮٣Խջ档
ȻָߣҲˣʮŴǿڸѰһߡ
׻û뵽·ߣ·岼
ѡ߷ȥùȻҽ磬ڵ
ֻؿܶΣǳо飬һ޼Ͼٶ̫ˣΪ߷֮ԦҲǳ
ͷɲһ޼ϾܺãһѨѨʩչͨ켸硣
˷ͻƱǣ
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ҵóǿ߾ʦϸ磬Լ׼š
ڳ쾳һ۷״̬й򣬷񽫲ǿʬӡ
ǴκһЩʵǳԡ
¡¡
û뵽޼Ͼһڴʱͻˣ޼̤䡣
ĽûãһɹɽҲը졣
ÿһط濴֮Ҳӭըʴӿ弸ըѪ⡣
һ̣󲿷֮飬Ҳˡ
оȻʹ࣬ҧƤӣ֮оһС
ԽС˵Խ䡣
֪ٴΣӭ֮
䣬쾳ͬʱһͬʱǿԼҩ
޼Ͼں󷽴ЦˬնɱŴͻ޼䣡
ò⣡
޼䣬ھŴһϵĴڡ
ͻҲܿ
͸һЩȳԨ
ûҲҪһַͨںһЩ
ץʱ䣬ͻƵڲʱ䡣
Ͻ־СǧȹҲںһʱɸв
ڶʱﵽ״̬֮ǰʩչɲЩǿϻյͻһ硣
Ӳ꣬ʵܴﵽ쾳״̬
ߣͻƶ쾳ӵɲӴٶȣѴﵽǰδеĸ߶ȣӴԺڶ쾳ٶҲǿֲģ
а˷ܡ
Ϣһʱ䣬޼Ͼ״̬Ҳ֮ţ뺮ص޼뿪Ѩ
ҽӵΧδ֪ģӦκ
޼Ͼʧˣ˳ҽӵпƬյأûɱʹ찡ܶɱһЩǿߣͻƸ죡
侲Ժǣҵһطʮ˲УǴյѲȫʱʱ̿пܣŴ֣Ŵһʽɱɳ½
ҲգҲ޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼Ĵϧɳ½ɢޣʵЩʱͼǣʵɳ½Ŵһ


1231 ԭʥͨǧĺѩ
˸־ȻҲϣһ˲䣬ɳ½һһͳ˵վЩɢǿһ룬˼ΪʲôҪǣܵԼһ˹ӣң
ˣЩ˰ԼԼǲ֪Ŵִ˵ľģʱǿɱʽɱɳ½Щɢٶ࣬Ҳһɢ£ϧˣ
Ҿ޷ȥǣ·ԼѡģʵҲ֪·ȥǺεһ֣
Ǳɢǿ
꣬޼ϾǷǳѡ
һȣ
һƬҽӵȻоһЩͬѰϢ
ʯһЩ㣬Լӡ
ĪлϵǿΧ㣬޼ϾΧ
ϢʼͷŸӦӦǡ
û뵽˭֪ո˲䣬ϷխѷҲ֮УһЦ
ˣ

˲Ϣ䣬ӰϷͻȻɳ
Ӱû뵽˻ڴˡ
ӦӰϢּǧɵ÷ǳ𺳡⣺ˣԭЩˣҲɷѿģֵط
һŮȵ棬Ϸ֪նɱŲٵӣַȥյϷǾŴ֣һǧ˴Ӱ˷ɱ㣬вͬţ֪ƻһ뾡ߣвϵʴǲ²ӵߣӵһУ
ǧĺѩҲˣ֮ɫԽԽʵӰ
ԭһֱǱ½ʼΪеͨǧĺѩ
Уͬһ㣬սʤĴڣ𸣵ظԭʥ
ˣ
ˣ
𸣵ظ֡޼ϾҲͦ⣬ҲǹĿ࿴
ͨȻǰ㣬ڣ棬ǵǱ½Щ°ɣ޼һڶԹκԸָɣ
赭д֮ͨ䣬һиҲڽ죬Ҳڲý
СӣһΣ뿪ǿԭʥͷɱ
ߡ
Ǿ˶һжԹɣ
𣡡
ɲǳ֣ǼҲͷͨ
׷һͬ˫ֺʮ
䣡
ֻ桢޼ϾΧҽӵͻȻâִ·ҽ֮У𵴶һըѻ⡣
ȫݲüܣ
ըѻҽ˲佫û
ӡ󣡡
ԭʥֺͨǧĺѩ·׽Ǳըҽʯһ޴˲䡣
һͷһ·ըǧױը֡
˿ᣡԭʥʱɭɭЦ

ͨǧĺѩһͬͷų
ָɲһ㽣棬ڵϣʱӿӵɱһɽ
ɽΪɽɱ·縲ǵıը֮С
ȫκδϢᣬн縲ǣ޼ϾҲϢߡ
ǧĺѩԭʥʦʦʵ൱ܻɱǰǶ˿޷бɱ
ã˵ȷԶԸܴȪɽӳʮִ˴δ飡
ԭʥ˫ֺʮͻȻֿΪʦͼΪʦںԶŵΪʦãǧ
ˣ
ͻȻ˫֮Уֿ˲䣬ͷââ֮һӰ
Ӱ֮ХԭʥǰʱΪʮɶ޴󣬴ӱ·һΣһӰԭʥð麹˲䣬ӱӰ·ըش
ͨҪԭʥͶأʦʵѴﵽ޼䣬䣬ԶŵһȻﵽ޼߶ȣ
ǰʦ̫̫ˣǧĺѩҲΪʦ޷߶֮һͷŽ޼۷ƻ˵ɱһϣһ̫ϳҲûģһ棬̫ϳʵ˿̵ԭʥѾ·ժȡʤʵ
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·ɽûıըҽ֮УǾ춯ص𵴣ΧܶұҲʼ
·Ҫӵû
ɣͨ˷ܸߺ
ಣ
ڿ·ǿֲ𵴣ԭʥҲǧġ

˿ʼ磬û뵽һͨ⣬·һҲ
һժȡʤʵʱǶõ޼
֪𵴻ûһϢƵɱ
˸ûз֣κεɱпֲơûС
޼ߣԭʥ
ԭʥ·һ룬ܵõ޼δ˵꣬ǸͻȻǰһڽɱ
ɶ񡭡
һʶɱȭâ
ͨǧĺѩں󷽣ҲӦʲôš
䣡
ۣ
׽ԭʥȭâ飬ʱŸо¡ڣϧӲָӣҲ޷ܡ
˫ȭȭͷ˲ը飬ִŴ͸һڴѪ


1232 ͽ߱ʦ
Ѫ̶ȣԴǰ󷽣ûˡ
䣡
ſʼԭʥϱ˺󷽡
ʦ𣡡
ͨǧĺѩ֪£ԭʥײ󷽣ײϣײһΧʼݡ
ݣ
ִʯ֮У·ը档
ʱ桢޼Ͼɱ˽ܵشвǷǳء
ץסɽģٿǰǴѾ⴦ӵҲݡ
죺ϧԭʥܵˣɣʱȥɱͨǧĺѩ˶϶Թʱ̣
޼ϾҲǱһӶϴߣ￪ʼݣɿȻǴǻᱻû
ԭʥˣ౻ɽ飬ͨǧĺѩȻ˽Թʱ򡭡޼Ͼӵȥ
ҲǴ
ȻǴײ£γɿһԨû뵽һӵ
Ҳڱ֮С
ֻԭʥǱʯѣðѪʹ࣬ؿš
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ֿһ࣬ʯ֮Уһͨǧĺѩ
ȥ١ȡΪʦΪʦ
ͨǧĺѩҲǱҲܵشѪӦûв
ԭʥ񡮹ꡯѪؾģˣȡҡҡ
ʦ𡭡ǧĺѩǺһڻҳʯϷ׹ʯԭʥǰ
ĺѩȾΪʦΪʦزظʧȥ࣬Ϊʦ޷Уԭʥæץǧĺѩ
Ϊͷ
ǧĺѩû룬ͷŰơ
ԭʥͿھʯڣزҽš
ž
ûǧĺѩͳȥͻȻһӰһ࣬һǧĺѩϸոͷųķ׷顣
ǧĺѩ⿴ˣ磡
ֹͨǧĺѩˡ
ԭʥϲѪͨԣ㹦ΪԳԽĺѩʩչΪʦбܣ
ԣʵ֮ϣǧĺѩҲͬ⡣
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硭˻һǧĺѩ෨Ȼ޴档
ͨǻǴǱ½УǷţ棬ЦǱ½ҲЦƷ磬ΪʵҲϧŮˣͶͱһеΪֹҪ󷽷һ𣡡
ԭʥһ㣬֣޷ӣϡϣپң
ԭʥ֪ͨʲô֪ҴСõεԵ
ϣ
ͨûŭ֮ԭʥǰ״ξӸ¸ԭʥұͲŻݺᣬֻûпһѣûһǿû뵽Ǳ½ǿߣȻ͹һֺ㣡
㡢ϣԭҿͷ¹ԤıõģģԸݺƷ磬û뵽ձ˴ۣ
ǰ־ͷԣңһִۣǳ裬Ϊ뿪Ǳ½ƴӣĺѩȥӽ㣬ԸԳĺѩ𸣵أҾ֪һ죬ͨΪƷţ棬ǲˣ
ûԭʥн죿˲壡
壿ÿĥŮˣŪŮˣ֪ڰǺεζ
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ڻɱ˳̶ȣҲûˣܻãǴﵽһ㾳磬ǿߣʧȥ࣬Ҳ޷á
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һ̣ԭʥͻȻֱ壬Ѫĭ
ͨǣǧĺѩ֣㣬һӻ۵ԴǵģǧǼϵ治򵥣Ҳصüãڻ𸣵أҲûκһˣ֪
ǧ
ۣ
ԭʥûÿһȥһѪ͵ӿѪ
ǧƲ޼Ҳڻ𸣵ǿƷ磬ҲǾϧ޷Ԧ뱦ںȻ⣬ӵԵһϿңʱұ㣬ܴ߶Ϊ𸣵䣬Ҳ׾٣ҪΪƷǿ
ССҲ̫棬֪֪Ʒش󡭡
ǰңȷǰֻһС󣬵𸣵ظҳɳ̫ռ䣬ٸһܣĺѩÿο㣬ÿ˫ޣԻ˫ͬʱҵԵͨྫҰ˫ޣڰ㹦װ״иңͬϴ裡
㡢ǡ
ų񴲣ÿĺѩð編ų񴲽˫ޣν٣ǴǱ½龳꣬ҵĲ޼߽λǿǧ귨ų񴲣ĺѩܼ̤޼
󡭡


1233 ԭʥ֮
ΪΪʳΪǿˣ㲻ҲΪǿ뾡һа취Ƕ伫ֻ֮ұһıһ
ۡ
ʱ˿̣ԭʥ֪飬Ҳ˵ӿһɹðѪ
˫ӣȺһͨǧĺѩ
ҡҪǡúáţϧһ仰˵
ǧĺѩȻϣ÷𿪣Ϸ׹ʯĵ磬㿴Χ̫£ǲӵߣҲᱻڴˣ
ǰʱ䲻ˡ
ͨŻδԭʥʼ磬ͻȻһץ

ԭʥĴ䣬ƣԼҲɳһö䡣
ͷŻ˲鴢ͨǳ⣺ų񴲡ǧڣǧռԴ

ͨ𱦱֮󣬾Ȼȭͷн棺ҲκλЩһֱŲͷϣڻ𸣵һƿӣҪ÷磬Ҫ꣬ҹδ³ɣҽ㣬ҽһŽŽ
úáԭʥڹײڵˣ˲
ĿԭʥͨǧĺѩȻһýţһԭʥߡ
ֱͨǲԭʥһ
ʿܶࡣ
ԭʥΪŴ𸣵ϸ߲㣬ûбɱԼӽ£ǱһŽ
ԭʥԶû뵽
㣬ֻԭʥѳһ⣬һߵ÷顣
ȻΧ󲿷ֵطѱʯ񣬻ʣһӣͨ˷ܵҸطųУںǧһںϣҾ棬о壬ϹŶҲԻɱ
ܷŹ棬ɱˡǧĺѩףͨʯ֮Уܿʧȥ
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ӰźӵڼһƬԨؿߡ
ؿڻ٣޼Ͼſ󷽣ûκһϢ׷ɱ
޼ϾƣҡͷˣԭʥͨǧĺѩҲˣ
һԭʥɽ͵Ϯ൱飬о֣ʱΪάתһҿԭʥһˣ
澲ţͨǧĺѩ⼸꣬ȻҲܴ龳̤޼һΪţɳٶҺȻҲбֶΡ
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߶ڶȻʮֻƳ棬䶯ѩϢ֮ǰţȥǰϢܸӦǳ
ԭƶҵϢǴҽӵŴĳЩǿн֣žͺã֣֮޼Ͳң
ѩСһ㣬𣺡ԿʦִŪһڣרùƳ澫ѪƶɵĹƶܸӦƳζҪҵ棬Ҳף
޼ٺ٣ǵģԺұɽɵ£δʵԳԽǿߣ
žһѪսѰطУǵóû͵Ϯˣ
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һʱ
Ԩû˿ȣֺ䡣
Ӱ޼ϾٶȷϴӦԶԶ뿪ǴյأԨǲǰʺУ
ֻ뿪ǴյأʱѰյŴȻѰһʱ䣡
Ҳͬ⴦ԨϢ
ѡһ¿أûȻ棬ǺҲǳˣϢ֮ΧϢԻΪ
һЩΧȥ빥棬֮ЩͨҲ޷ɱ
д󱣻˿ʼɵҩں֮ǰɱЩǿ
޼Ͼ꣬δˣԭʥϮо޼Ҳȥû˵𸣵һ׵ķһҶܵش
ǣƾõ󹥻û뵽һϣ𸣵غôǾŴ꣬ӦвٷϵԭʥҲһ˷ǿߣҲԼĻԵڴֻܴ߶΢΢ܴ߶һЩοɲˣ
͵Ϯ
ʵ뵽֮ǰͻȻϮҲͷ


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֮ǰ̤쾳䣬๦δںһ顭
ѪȫͷţѪڻ£ͷѪâ
ΡΡ̬ϵӵزصأÿһܹ
Զڽڷ·ھ״̬֮Уȴ΢΢
ѩΪβ֣
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ҾͲţɱһոðʿ˷Ѿ
ԭǸٶķѩ
ԪΪм浱ڶ֣Ҿģ˵ΰ죬ȫϣ
ѩ˼֮ע⣺ʦ֣ȳ֣󣬶˲䣬ɱ
ѩһпҪС
ǻǵýһЩҽǿ͵Ϯ棬ܸڶϢᣡ
úãպҽںϵߵزɱ˲⣡
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ƾ÷ѩضԴһͨʿС
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棬һҪ֣֮ҪɱûԺ֮ƣҲ޷Ժ֮ƱƳ
ѩչͷ򣬷пܱǸҵϢ
һᣬ˾ԦΧ亮ƾʧ
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ʵ˲ʧʩչȻںϣȻϢ֮УȻȻ˾ȻȻ֮С
ٿ󷨣桢޼ϾڰУΧҲ̺ӦͬʱҲΪԵ
Ժ硣
ѩĳ֡û뵽
΢΢磬ڽǰʮɣѩ쿿
𻺻ؽӡ֮УһԲֳ֣Ÿ߲㣬ǰƳƷ֡ϵ֮УҲһһĴڡ
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ץһϵ
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һƳͫ͸ϧϵ絶ǶƷҲ̫λ´ΪѰһڸ߽׵ϤѰһЩʣƣֶƷҲںϵ۷壬Ҳֻӳ޼
ĿǰΪպüԦڵǳ˳֣ԺȷҪһڸ߽׵ڵӵͽ߽ף̫ѣ
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棬ѵ㣬飬ûΪһֻè
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һδξ㣬һδΪУһΡû˿Ծȵ㣬ʵɱ㲻⣬쿪ʼҶԹﻯ⣬ҵģҲҵģ
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ѩҲǳԾ棬㻹ǰǰһ֪ңβûǰֺ
СӣҵĻ֮°ɣ
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ûϵ絶ʧϵ絶ƣڿֲ֮߳У·һж
ţһƷ磬ΪʮŵͻȻ̤һʮɾ޴󣬷һĻ֡
ɱһ˲䣬ѩܣɳ磬ȴţֳϵ絶ʱҪ档

Ʒɱǹ֮еĵâռ䣬Ҳա
һ̻Ϊɾ޴󣬲תͷ
վԲϷΧգյó׻Ϊ˿
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̤֣ʱʱ仯ӡַ·Ϊһɽʱ̽Դӻ֮һࡢһ
ޱѤĿƯһֳ̰⴦Ԩ
ʴЦ棬ǱϷ֣ζɣѹζΣأ֣֮Ҳĸ
Цұظоҵõءȫߡһ÷֮ϴ裬ǿԼʴҶһݺøУ


1235 
ȫߣǿϴϣϹŶ
һĮͷʹϵһΪȪɽܹȻɱԺӣмѪԣû뵽ҲǸСˣ
ʲôԵ֣
ȫȻںͷŽӡһ棬ڽϻ֣ʱұһɫ档
𡭡û뵽ֵǳԾ
ѩͻȻ⼲ʦ֣ٻɱӣĪϢᣡ
ɱͬһֻϣβ÷ɱҪճɻҽ
ʱ˿̣һΪļƣѩĻȥ
棬ɣβɱ㣬ȿֺ󰡣ɱ㣬Եõٺô𣬻Ϊǧ׺嫣·
ݣ
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ݲƬ£͸š
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Ե֮ǰ棬ֱƿ·޷˺
ֻа𣬵һҲżȷ֮ӣϧ㲻õң⣬ûֵˣδпܳΪ𸣵䣡
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ָץѩ塢ѩҡ
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ܣŮˣ
ˣʱ򣬻ûѹ
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ˣ⣬ʵԣѩԸ㣬˾ֽȻֻȥԸѩ
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ͻȻƽ𣬶ϾЦܾŹҪʵܵشԺұҲûˣ


1236 һö
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ˣˣˡֻƿڴ
ʵұȸ޷ѩһδαƵ·ߣҶùߣԡڲɱ㣬Ҫһ·
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ò׵õǧӵе
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桢޼Ͼ뿪Ԩص档
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ͷȫʼںϡ
ǰں¶ȡΪʹ̤࣬쾳䣬Ҳож¡
һ̷֮գѪںϣܶѪ֮Уһηճʡ
ԸоøΪ磬һ㣬ԽǲҪǿԪȥԦ
Եģ
䣬ûͬǿȥأҲûôġ
֮һû֮һʩչ
缸Ϊ𺣡
Ͻˡ
ɸоĺǿ󣺡ںϵڶȫҵͨоЩĿǰ쾳䣬Ҫ߶𣬲ѣҲ޷ʱʩչ
ԺͷԪˣѾԽ󲿷ʿ뿴Ѱʿںһ𣬽ԷǳĻסڲɹںûų⣬ܼԦ̶ֳȣ³Խ޼ľͷҲ޷
һЦ뵽˽ֻ棺סˣȷһţ
뷲磬סˣҲʮ£ںҪ̫Ҳûм˿ںöˣҸоĹɻ
Ҳܵˡ
̯֮ġ
ÿɫƤڱһŻ棬һɽգϡɽĹɻĲԲͬٶȷš


1237 ɲ
иӦѪ𡢵һ֮Լĵڶ
ĵͬ
ˣɲҪΪɲ
ɲ
úãɲǰںֻ棬֮Ϊɲֵһö𣡡
ǿҲɱ䡣
ɲʩչںѪɲԻûΪѪ״̬
ɲʩչ֮״̬һģҲѪ״̬ɲȻӲ
ˡ
֪ں̫רһʱ
޼Ż棬޼Ҳڲա
Ȼ
޼ЩƣȻ·ң໥ںַ룬춯
˲佫עںϣں֮޼ͷŸӦû뵽Ƭ֮УƯ޼Ϣ
̫ˣϡ
ʱ˵ˣͨ䲻̫˽⣬ӴʱжȻôϢ˸ӦǼƬ޼أӦ޼йصϢ̺޼
ǰ޼ڣȻƬ棬дڵϢǿңұҵϢΪǿҵһϢԽǿң޼Խǰ磬Ȼһռ󷨣
ôϢ
һһȥѰңȻҵǰ޼ĸֱ
ϧ
ûʱ䣬ڱҵһżռ䡣
ȥӦЩϢǿҵĴڣʩչӡ߷
գϢʧȥмϢһϢڼ֮иӦ·һɽһӴ
ҲܸӦһУˣӦþϢҵϢλã֪Ǻεһط
ĿԴ
Ц󣬰ʩչ
һעӦ缯ϢϣϢȥҲʧ
֮УǰͶȥΪ翼Ϣ·Ϊһ֮ţͨǹϢ֮
ಣ
޼Ͼţ֡Ϸ
֣Χģֱ޼ͷż״̬Ҳٷȥ
ţȥһ̽̽·
;ָӦʿϢŴҲУִ˼Ϣ඼޼ɢޡ
ʧдɳ½޼ɢޣƲʮˣϧЩǿߣǽԸؽ޼ڣŴɱɳ½
ʱããӵʪ֮Уˣ޼غܴҲֻȥ֮һǰҴδ̤յأ
ͷһҲظӦ֮ȷΣգѸоħһǿ飬вٸǿڣҲв٣ЩǴﵽ޼ʵĴڣ΢΢ɣľս
˿̴ǰˣǰ岼ĴϿȣܶϿȻ㼯һ𣬵ʮָӣ
ȲӦǹ޼̫ʵԽǸӣԽǶ
ֹȥһ㹦޼ػǰ硣
Ȼ䣬һǰҲ֮£·ǱһĴߣ֮УǴֲĺߡ
ɽȥһʵǺߣǴϿȣССһеĳһеﳤеʮ
ÿһϿβϵһģҲ֪γɶ꣬ＸǺϿ֮жǻѩеĽᶳһЩ߷壬װһƬ
õطȻ顢Ϣǳ֮࣬Ȼһ֮أֳǰȥţ֡ϡ
һμ޼ʩչ
ָһϿȣ棬ԸӦ޼˶һͷˮ
ˡ
ѰʮϿ֮󣬺ȻһͨϿȣϲüҡ
޼ϾһƳʧôһﳤϿȣǰ޼ڱ
ҲԿ϶ǼӦһɷǳ䣬ڵ޼

޼ģ״̬˴ǧ׸߿Ͽ
û뵽򶣬رϮˡ
ȴ˫ͷŽâһƬյ򶻯Ϊ촷ۡ
ɫͫ⣬ǵɴüնһ˫ͫһƿ
ϿȣּٵԨɵζ
Ȼ£˽ϿԨû뵽·ǧԨ
ײʱһºʯǱģϢ˲⡣
޼Ͼŵºк㣺ˣëҲûһ
ȵȡ
ţҲʧ
Ψ濪ʼͷظӦдԲд
Ȼ䣬ӦӦһ޼
ִӿµºϷɹɹĺۼȻ˲⣬ڼʵ޼ϡ
䣬ƾﶳǰС
ҵϢʱһξ㵡


1238 ڷ޼ż
ԭڵԨһʯؿڣҲǵѨڲһƺǻˮγɵĺ
ʮɣģҺǣΧҲûκδ޼ڵϢ
ҵҲûκ֮࿴һۡ
龫̶ָˮϴ˵ˮ
ȥΧңʵҲˮºпܣǺ̫£һԳܡ
ΨкԾ
һһû̷С
޼ϾţҲֿѰңΧұڡ¡ʯѰš
˵ʲôͼڡ
ȥ⴦ѨҲ󣬳Ӧĺ⣬ʯӡʯ
ֻһԵȴţ£Χʼ⡣
治òʩչ֮Уα⣬޷͸硣
޼Ͼֵˣҿﺮ޼ǿߣɱ޼ͽλʿ߽λǿҲ޷ʱ䶺޼ǿߣȻѡһõط
ϴзˣ·ж
ͻȻž̶ˮһƣ֮Ǻϲ̶Ķ
С޼Ͼ󣬴һæ̶
ʩչ򣬻Ϊ⣬Ǳ
Ҳ̶
ˣ
˭֪ţ֣ȻֱӾȥ
ˮڰջͻΪһӡ
㺮ϴϴӻ࣡ţˮ֮УǺȻûв
ǴĲ࣡
޼ϾСʩչ򣬻Ϊһɶ飬ڱ֮УŸҽ뺮̶
һʱ̶ˮ磬Ҳûһ㶯
·ĵģ֮󣬲żһЩâȴŴҡ
ģһ˫˫̶ͫǧײһγɵϡ
ǰһʯѪڡ
޼أ
Ȼ޼ġ
ˣ޷ȥֻǿд磬ΧҲȥ˿ʲôûУǳ嫣治֪ʲô
Ҫ
߶޼΢΢߶硣
û뵽Ӧ޼ܿˮͻͻ𵴣ŵü˲ᡣ
һ̳ڽǰ֣̳֮һŻŻǰһʮ߰׹ǡ
ֿ̳Χ
Щ׹ǣȻ״̬׹֮´䣬Լһơ
ռ޼߶û뵽Щ׹ˣǰ޼ڡ
Щߡ̫ϴһ
޼ϾһҲȡһö佻棺ЩǰӦöǿߣϧû˺ۣҹȥ޼ڻǰʮ޼ڻ֮ˣ
Щ˿ҳϣҲˣţֶŰ׹ǣһĴָ
ƯڼϷǳϴ󣬺ʯһ޼һʯ
׹֮󷽡
Ȼ
̳䣬һʯ
ʯϿŵģǳ
¼磬ǰ޼䡮޼ʥɳ½Ĳر֮һʮǧ֮УѡĻػҪΨ޼԰쵽
ر󰡣˫ðžâ
ɳ½޼ıˣ޼µĲر֮һѵɳ½طִ󣿡޼ϾҲĦȭƣ޲Ͻȥ硣
޼ǰӦòǿЦɳ½رֻһȴ߶޼˵
ѹſ꣬߶޼ʯȥ
ʯ·Ӧ޼Ĵڣͷһâٻ޼
䣡
޼ʯһ̣һγɡ
ǰͻȻͷһУγһŻ
ˣ
ȡ޼һС
˲ӽ紩֮ǰģǰ˸âʧ
ǰһռ䣡
ռһȻԨؿ磬ռʮ嫣ʯǳƽ⻪ɼǱ˴ĥɡ
һ磬ƺӡʲô
Χռ䶼ǺȻ޼ǳ棬һڣ޼ǿ
һıء
ӦһᣬǴȥ
Ϣ󣬼ǰһŻԽȥ
ŻûκνƣӦÿ롣
ڽǰҲһʯ
Ҳпģ޼ڸ޼
޼ڸ
޼
޼Ŀ˵ڷŵ޼ڣͳһɳ½ִ½ӶĲֲƸ֮һϣõ޼кˣϧԴǿ޼ڡ
޼Ͼҡͷ̾Ϣ챦֮ǰ޼ڻû޼Ҳ֪޼ڻڶ̶̼ǧ꣬ˣ
޼ʥ޼𶼳ɹȥǽȥɡ
ͷ̤ڡ
â˸䣬âʧû뵽ǰһʯѻɵľɽԼʯɽ
ϰ̫ˣ


1239 ǰ޼ĲƸ
ż˸ոսһƿԣнһ
פãָֻѰɫЩ޷һ𣬲ɼǳæûϸϸ
޼ϾֺǺԱߣǰ޼ڼǧǿͳһɳ½ʱЩˣ㷢ˣӵ޼δضǹȻĴߣ޼䣬Щģ
ƨм
һ˵ģЩÿУҲǳģǱϾʮˡˣԴ٣Եòˡ
Ҿһɽɽ󷨽һĵҩֵҩĿ඼޼Ʒʵҩ
ٺ٣²ȱǿˣʱ򿴿Ǹʲôģţֲںʯʯںǰҩ
޾ĵҩ
ҸΪǣҩĴ󣬾Ȼһ
˵޼ǿߣĵҩôûһ˿ġ
ھЧ£ÿһҩӵ³֮ҩҲ޷Ĵڡ
һ̶쾳ҩ޼ǿջĴ
ಣ
ץǧŵҩֳ޼Ͼţ֡ԼҲٿš
ǧ㶯ﱦһ粻ʧȥƽ⣬һ浽ʱҪúðţ
ˣֽ
һڣƯŸĵرԼ
̫ˣŲʮ֡
ҾڣЩĵرӵ³ҩƷʮ
޼ϾͻȻһָ̥ݣˣһ׷̥ݣ
漱æȥ֮УһҶӡȻһ
Ȼ̥ݣ
̥һֲִżȻؾ֮䣬γɵ
һǾϵ̥ݣ̥ݼֵʮ
ﻹһΪѪԪݡҲ
޼ϾָһѪɫֲѪɫâžѪԪݣʬ棬һЩеʬѪݣվɣ̺ǿ
ѪԪݣ
һ곤оƬҶӵ档
ಣ
ϿóҪΪʦ賤ǿߣľ
֮ǰѰңϧð̤붫ʤݡ
׵֣컯Ū˰
֪ˣαص
޶Լ޳壬вųδ֪ϲá
ҲͻȻԱߣϴ󣬻СΡ壬ΪȻ
ΣţһҲһ
ΪΣ
ںʾ£һڰɫ˲Σһ߶СǰߣΪˡ
̰ŵһй¼ؼ䣬Ǵ壬ɱӵеһϧҩ̫ϡˣһųֹ¼һ㣬ܷëϴ裬̥ǣı飬ӵ壡
ˣҲҪҪΡţˡ
Уһξ͸ˣҸоǳֲ㹻һУʱ䣬ҾƳǷã
Ҳġ
ţһʵʵ档
ˣǰӦþؼռ䣡˼ʣ޼Ͼǳڴ޼һͳɳ½ֻ޼ֱӦûı
ȻžҿҶӦûñǾһ֣ر󣬶һҲò˲
浹ˡ

ؼ
ڶԴ֮УҪʿѡʿȻѡ񷨱ȻؼԴ
ͱһ޼˷ɱ¾ŴִҲռΪС
Īаͨ棬żȻõǼڰ֮˱ˡ
κһͨʿԼԵ

ؼ
κһԴһˣҲʿ׸ı䡣
ؼ
һ󷽣
رռ䣬ǧףڲԴ
ţ󷽣ӡ￴ۡ
ǻѡ񷨱ռ䡣
桢޼Ͼռһ淨ҲĿࡣ
ڣƯŸַǹꪣʲôС
κһάڵˮ׼
š
в
޼ǰǿǱȾŴҪ𡭡̫޼Ͼۻҡ
ҲΪ꣺Ʒ꣬ҲŻ۵ټͨƷʣǰʷ
ֲʵϴԼѡǼֻԲʵﵽ޼߶ȣƷʩչ
ģһӣѡһǵãֻһԲżѡһ鿴
лˣ
ţ뺮ȥѰҷ޼ϾҲȥˡ


1240 Ʒ
һվΧץһڵ
Ʒ⻬ɫ⻪ͨ󣬽ƻ֣ǽ뽣֮仢ڣҲǾĵ
ڵԽƷﵽƷ߶ȣȻʷȾ޴һƷʣ
֮ܵ
ԼҲʦȻӣδ
ʱˣ滹мƷҸо⴦֮⣬һЩԽҵƷ֮ϣ
ǾƷԪгԽķһʱ䣬ǷǿҺġ
޼֮󣬱Ȼֻһ޼
֮⣬һǽڡ
ǽϾǿ޼Ǿʽ֮࣬иʽһ¶Լڻ
ڻ֮£һʯ֮ϣż
ʯһƳԭһ飬һУԼһ鱦
һڲ¼⴦бǷؼＸÿһм¼ھʯʯԴδ¼С
Ȿ飬ⱦһĿȻ
һҳǰСмء
ϣСǷ
һΪ޼ƶƷʳƷƷ
һɳ½½Դĥɣ޼طƶɵġ޼ڤ񡯡
ƷƷʵ
˫ͫһˣ෨۷嶼ǾƷȻԽƷЩ꣬ӵķ֮ΪƷƷҲŵ֮ʡƷһƷҲһ
޼ҲƷһõɻǰʳ
޼ӦƷƷ֮УΪ߼ĴڣһǶ쾳һʿһʵһǿ޼һټƷ֮УΪǿĴڡ
Ȿϼ¼޼޼ڤƷȴû˵ƷεƷʣԭˣƷֻһЩϸ΢𣡡
ˣ㷢ˣ޼޼ڤӵкε
أ޼޼ڤ񣬳޼޼ʥԼ޼֮޼һƶסҲУ޼ڤ̺ɳ½֮´½Դ䱻Ƴɷûйһɳ½ۼ
ۣǾǳˡ̾Ϣ
ƶ޼Ժȥ磬ͿԲýڣȥЩյأҲʩչ޼ñ
֮ǰӡϸϸһԭһ
ñ
޼ڤ񣬹һʯͷı񣬵津֮󣬹Ȼоھ޴һɳ½
޼ڤ񲻵Ծۼɳ½½Ҳԣһ߶ܰʿ޼޼ҲǺñռ¼޼ڤǰ֡
Сһ֣ϲ˵õƷ
Ҫǡ
˷֮ɫضȡʦҪЩ޼ڤʩչӦòֹһ˿Уò˽ñǿ޼ʺϴɳ½Ӹյ֮С棡
˱Ҫǣû뵽棬˱޶á
ʵ治Ҫ
ĪаʦаķԶԶ
棬Ҳ㣬ɽ޼ţ֡Сƺʲôôˣѷǳ֪㣡
¼б飬Żȥ
޼޼ڤ֮ԽаĪа
ȴ޼ϾţѡҲۡ
Χתת⴦رռ䣬ʮǿ磬ַǳûѰǽʮǨƹŴִҲѰ
㽫ˡ
¼޼Ǿ¾ǰϷҲԪκμ¼Ź˶ѧġ
һĦˣʯϹ޼ӣںϡ򣬼ЩԴ㹻ǿˣҵرڣؽ޼ڸ⡣
ҵ⴦رҵرռ䣬Ҳ޼ԼӵмֶβſɣΪƷ磬˶õ޼ԭ򣬵õӵһУ
õ޼ڱء
ͳһһ½Ŵִ˼ɵ޼λִˡ
̲ضٱ
ϧµ񣬶ڿ˼뾡ֶΣȴûһ˿ҵЩرռ䡣
Ϊû޼
Ҳû޼ط
ˣڵ㿴Ʒָ߼ˣ
޼Ͼӷ֮УӰǰNɪ
ԭӼʵ֮УõһھƷ
һڱɫɽС׷ꡯĸ֡
׷꽣
׷꽣ָ֮һö̺֮Ԫڵȷӵ֮һԪͷŽƣӰ졢ԷԪ񣡡


1241 
ϾЦǺǵĵƷӦҲƷ۷壬Ժڽˣʵܴﵽ޼䣬ԺִִߣҲܻɱ
ƷƷ磬öںϣҲ֮ڽԸŴ
ñ޼ں϶׷꽣Щ괫ĵҩ˵֮Ҿ̤޼䣡
ԽԽã
޼ϾǸ˷ģҲ̤ʵࡣ
Ȼ޼Ͼ񣬶һƬġ
ϴҵһԷ㿴ڱȣ˼ʣҲ纮Ʈ
ҲˣСè
ţָû뵽ţû÷
濴СзҲǾƷһȣԲͬΡ
ȣ
ϸϸһȱһпġ
Ʒȷʺ㣡潫Ƚ
Сһھȥ
ֿţΪβѰӦûмƷ
ߣҪƷŶʤݣĿţӱҡͷ
ϸϸĥ֮Ȼȭͷʤݣˣǲ֮£ѹǿڴ֮еĵħȦ
ħȦ
Ǵζʤ֮ãٴĥѣȻмǵһС
ţ֣Цеٺ٣ʱ˵һ㷨䲻ңħȦʱִħȦֹƣȻһ
ˬףУδãһɱȥǼȡҲҪȥʥһˣִһ֮أ
Ȼڲرⶼջͣ㣬Ҫȥ֪ͨаĪаˣǨһء
С뿪硣
纮ˮ֮Уȴ߶аĪабس硢˴ȥ˵ҵ޼һܲرż
ںˮ
ǳֲͨû޼Ϊںˮֻܴ֮粽С
뺮ϣܿ콫ںϡ
ǣ
СͨϾƷȣȻһȣټˮ֮£˼һƬ
֮иպݼͨϷȳȣͨǧ̶ˮϷȥ
ʱ䣬ֲں̶֮Уһֱͨ·ڡ
ͷŸӦδڸºӵһ˿Ϣ˵Ȼûҵ˻뿪ԨϿԨ
ƬϿյдǿ飬ǨƲغã֣ѹ飬γһص࣬ҲҪһѹ
ƯϿ֮У븴յƣԱһУζΧͷš
û޼Ϊ޷ʱﶺ
޼ǿߣǿȻյǳֲƲѡһرء
뿪⴦ѰϿȣΧϿеĳЩϿ֮УδӦʿϢ
ˣ
˶
߶֮ѸͶʦ֣ȴŶʮΪ·޼سоǸոմǬ޼ڴϢŴٲʮӣոսɳ½ִҲһִ֣
Ŵʮɱ
ʮӣԾŴʲôȻǾӢʮ˳֣㹻Ըɳ½󲿷޼
ִһĴеӣյظȥǵյأٴ޼أ
Ǽ·ȥʦ֡ʦϣĪаӦһ䣬㰲
Ͼһ࣬ԶЦˣŴӦΪʮҪϣ޼ȻҪɳ½ʮ̫ɳ½شﲩյأʮѹÿһ򣿡
֮ǰնɱŴǿߣӦϰӢŴػᶯŭϧǻҺܺöԸвмŴǰȷǾްԣʲô
С뿪ƬϿյ֮ǰرϿ÷ʩչӡǣһûǴ·Ҳ˳ӡҵرء
ӡֱ뿪Ͽȣűӡڷ֮С
ֿӡüֻĪааȼˣʸշ
뿪ʱֹȥ죬ָس硢ͷŷǴϰٸ֣ǴյԨţǧ벽ҲӭӼļ·ʿ
ˣ֮ǰǴյأöʿϢ
죬;ա
޼Ͼڨڨ󷽿ȥ
ƬŶʮ֮ǰǶˣ֮
Ҳɱԭʥ֣˷ѩͨǧĺѩ
Ӧ֮󣬾ŴǧƬյظͷϢĿŵƺ˶֪
Щ֪ΪɱԨĳطʵ
ԽƬյأʱ䣬ܸϵسϰ˲Ƭյء
žŴ֪汻ǴյأӦûоŴʿû
ͽΪʦ޼أһԪԪ
ʦ˲٣δӰ쵽Ԫ񣡡ڲа״ָ÷ǳ
һܾҲ


1242 յ
Ƚ̥ѪԪݷָݣһݽʦںϣЧ˵
Ѱŷķλ΢΢ƫ뽭سǴյأȲаλٷȥ
һ
ǰ޼رԵشٷһЩϾ¶ЦݣǲаĪаˣ·ˣ
һأķΧɽ֡
߶Ϣһ㣡
ʦ֣
ߴɽ֮ɽֺͻȻзߡ
֮ĪааӰŴʿ
ˣ
ڲԶһٺ
ͷ硢ڰˡ
޼Ͼһڰգָ·棺ɣҲŸյһ󣡡
ˣ
ţ޼棬ҲаĪа硢ڰ棬賤޼ߵˡ
Ϣ϶Ƿ˪ϣ̵ĺʦ֣ҵǰ޼ڣһرأ
ǴرصüΪǰδ̤ǿӡӡԼλķ
óؽС
ʦ
潫аĪаԶ
ȻץһӣԼһʯ
ӺǷĪаĿ⡣
ǲرռڣƷԽƷ֮ϣ
Ԫʽи˽ܣ޼һƶΪ޼ڤɳ½½Դɣں޼ɳ½ۼҹţ޼ڤʮֹ
аţֲ᲻ңƷִ˵֮еľ
Դ£ȡļƷ˺ԼţƷǱĴڣҾںϡ
ӣ޼ڤɣٶȣԼƿɳ½յȻǳʺ㣬ʦ޼У߶֮󣬿úܶ˽ȥϢУ
޼޼ڤݸаӡ
ҾͲˣӽӹ޼ڤС´顣
ַ״飬ֵЦͣ
аȴԥ޼Ǵ˵֮еƷôһͿκδ½һһ綫Žǵȴڣ̫һΪʦҲ޼ڵˡ
Ȱղаͬţ޼ںϣʦ޼ڸ߲㣬ƿһ޼û㲻У
ҲһԵͷǰǰ±ǣ˭˵ûʸ񣡡
Ǽӣ˶Ը⣬ϷаţΪ޼ڵӣаΪ
Ժֵ޼ǴЩͬŻ׵ģʦͱƳ٣һ⣡
ʵڵȲȥǿн޼а
Եգаպ޼պ֮ǰһѪ
ĪаҲһˣڣͿںϡ
ʦҴӱõ̥ԼѪԪݣﱣ꣬ѳһںŵҩ֮ںϣӦÿóһŵҩа
аۿʪ󣬲ݺᡣ
һҩֵ޼òаٴγΪһʿ
ڸһΣ컯
һĪаȻ߶һֿ棺ʦ֣һ·Ҳˣ²˳٣ȥʦ֡ʦ㣬ϣһһȥ
Īа֮󣬴ʱ⴦˷ɽأⲻ֪ѾۼʮŹȥʱѡ
硢ڰͷԪԴżˣ桢޼Ͼаӷ
ԼǰԶ֮ǰ뽭س˷ֱǴյء
ΧûκξŴϢֻһЩɢޣĻ
ĪаȻ棺֣ΪǰյأʦӦܸӦǣͨϵ
Ҳδյʦ㡢ʦִ˵ʱҲе㲻Ծ
òаͷŷûκκӦ
ԽһЩɢ޲֮أʮʿǽգٶҲ͸ո컯߶ȡ
յϷڸӦϰٵ޼
Īа߶Լƣû˿ˣ绹ûлӦ
ƺһѪƯԨϾǼ⡣
ߣ
аüɲһ·
ʮ֣ȥں
Ϣ֮
аһǰͻȻֹ
桢Īа˷һ·һؿߣȻΧǸʬԨֲҲήˡ
Īа󺧣ǡ޼ֵܣ
СаһЩѣڰҲµؿЩʬ
ಣ
ʮһӸߴؿߣΧһ⣬κֲﶼήˣ·ĳֹ߾


1243 ֮
ؿʮ߸ʬ硢ڰǰ鿴ʧ͸ҡҡͷ
æؿߣֿһǧ߸ʬղаšԼбĪа޼ҲһЩĴӡ
Ϊʬûһڡ
ĪаæΧԨ磡
аʹ飬ֵģʱ˺ѷκ硭
Ͼɪɪؿ棺ˣΪΡΪҿЩˣ˲ΪǣЩ˱񡭡ѪԼԪ󷨲˵ز
Ͼ˵ĲһоһЩԪ󷨲ڸʬϵҲо˷֡
ˣЩˣϣ˭Ԫ󷨣Ѫ󷨣
ڰҲɫ
ͻȻң˵лڣ
ʮ֣Լ󷽸Ĵʿ˱˼ŵõսľΧѰҡ
á
ͻȻڰһѷ
з֣˶
ڰȴӲа֪룬ƺݡ
㡭˵ȴţڰ޷³һ֡
ȥ
賤һ࣬һȻѷռ䡣
аǿнڰ𿪣Ҳ֮С
ˣ㡢ȥҲ½ȥڰͻȻס棬ֹ
£
ڰһ˿ʱ裡
ȻԤеʲôȴҲ϶

˭֪
ѷͻȻаŭĲҽС
ǲа屻˺顢Ϳһ㡣
ڰק棺ˣȥ
ĿⶸȻʹڰò
޼Ͼæѷ죬ѷֻͨ˲С
һƬԨ
ʱʱ˶ĬĬҲ棬滹ǰ
ͽͽ
а룬§һʬ塣
ʬʲôҲûҶɳղа֮һĽ
ӣĿ֮£ÿ˶ܿŶ˺ۣΧɢű˺
ˡ
һɲǣǰһĻԴָУûκ˼ֻкһδγԺԼġ
˫ͫѪ˿Žһ˿ң˺ۣ֪˺εȶˡ
ŵţ
˺󼸲ιȥ
ۣ̲סһѪӿ
Ǿǽ
Ժһ˲両ֵһμ龰ɻ֮УǶʢΪĻ䡣
Ӹտʼڲаţ뽭ίߣã֪ݣһ㽨Σжȹֵû¡
Ȼһ仨䣬֮ʱȴ㡣
ڳ棬ڳκһˣᡣ
ǲаŽһֱţŽ֡
ĪаҲܣһһѱ飬Ϊʿ
ʦ֮ǰҲ㣬֣
ã
аȻ΢΢Ųӣס
һȻڽ·ǵʯѪؿš桯֡
ʦ㡭һĻٴѪ
ڰ̲סһ𣺡˭˭˴
ʦʦ
ͻȻ䣬Զһ
ǡ
ͻȻɳس磬֣
س磡
ಣ
ʧһԨٴγʱһ˵س硣
аһ˿ϲ磡
ͨ
˭֪
سƿ磬а¹
ô֪˭µĶ֣ǲаһ۾ͿسҪʲô
ʱ˿̣ڳ˶ȴš
سָףͽͽ˵Ҳ˵
аȻŭ㲻˵ԭί˵Ϊʦ͵ˣһƽƱУ
ǣ
ŵس翩⵹һںˣ֮ǰִżٸָϣǾͽʦܵ⴦ȴŴҸӦȻû뵽ڽʱͻȻ͸һ˺м֮д󲿷˱
󣬶ڲ²⣬Ͼȴ벻ףڵҼǵҽú뿪ʱ磬ҲΪһϢ˵Ľ磿
аɭɭ͸Ŀ⣺Ľ磬ܱ˿ƣ
Ҳס⣬滹Զʱиش
һˣ˭Ҳû׼󷨣÷׷ѪǺм֮֮ʣűȻǰϮոҪͻȻˣһ𲻸κʱ䣬һɱ󲿷ˣҲɱܸ
ӵʱ;ԼˣһˡħʩչԪ󷨣˾ۼʶҪɢȥʱҲӦأԪ󷨣һͷħѪ
һˣǾ˶ܻ£һʦáʦþؿߣȻȻʦã֣ͳԶһʯ֮С
ˣسͷʮָץŵʯ


1244 ǷǷ
Ԫֻڳ˻ᣬħֶΡ
سֲһ䣬Ȼһ˵ȻĿŲ硢ڰ޼ϾԼ桢Īаϡ
Ϊ
ϣܻԪ󷨵ˣˣ޼ط֮ء
Χ·˫۾Ҳżˡ
ȡ
ʱž֮ԶԨͻȻһ
ǡ磡
Īаһ䣬͸Ӧˣԭһ
ڶϢգۼ䣬ĪаͷһѪģбҲ̶õ롣
سһӦޱȵĿб֣㻹ţ̫ˣˡʦáһҲûܻʦã˻⣡
λл˵
бƣͻȻĪаƿĪаֵܣܲΪЩȥֵܣнʦñ𣿡
Īаһû뵽бƿߵͷ⻹˵ĲףԵΪǱ磬֪˭µɱ֣
бһ̽ץסĪаһֻֿ֣аԽʬ岻֮꣬ÿˣɱ߾֮С
ɱ߾֮У
䣬·仰ǳб
ڳˣ
Χʮڵȴڲǧˣ֮еλʵĴߡ
ԲаţӤɽĳƷаϵĳӰ
һɲǼ䣬Ϊб˫ŭڳˣκһ˸оԼǸɱߡ
˭аͽ֮§Žʬɫ˻ֳ֮
硭ɱ
ĪаͻȻǰ㣬ֵԸʱʱбǰ
ʱǳ͵Ϯˣʵ̫ǿɱҲ죬Ǳһ˲ɡ
ʧȥʶҲûվһܡ޼֣ԼаֵܣģҲнʦþȣ
ûãûϵһʧȥʶ֮󣬲ܼǣ
ڴ£б͸Īааǰ
ʵʵֺײ³
سָһЩսսаȥǰٴι£俴Žʬ壬ز
òſˣ˻Ԫ󷨣ͷħϢм˻Ԫ󷨡Լħֶεģ

˿ʼ໥ӡ
ɡ
һЩĿ⣬硢ڰ޼Ͼϡ
ΪԪҪЩУҲӵħ
аͻȻŭһƣسϡ
߲һƣ
аɭɭҲɣǶ˵˭ɱߣҪһ
ʦ
سŵñסаȣţҡҲ˵û
žž
ƣȵسѪĭ³
㲻˵ΪʦûӣΪʦ֣ûչ˺ʦã㻹ʲôʸţаȻҪ֡
ǡǡûǲش
бͻȻϵܣʱҶˣܲ²˭һ֪ǲ˵˵
˭
ĪаˣбϢӿ
ǡ
бȻתɨˣͻȻһ硢ڰ޼Ͼϡ
һָǡ޼Ͼ
޼Ͼ
һʱ䣬ö̾ϢҲſ޼Ͼ
޼ϾҲһͷˮ
ڸ˵ûҺθɡ
ؼû˵һ֣ƺЩˣѾ϶֡
ܣ
ûһ˵Ȼꡣ
Ҳû˵һ֡
Ȼ
Īаǣ룬նϾϾһꣿԸٵˣĴһδνͣ
䲻Ⱥ֮к֪治֪ģǰ޼Ͼɳ½ǳ뺣֣ɱ޹
һƳûŪ֮ǰԶۣ
ĪаҲʾˣλԲϾΪϾҲʦһһȥѰ޼أ;ŴһδΧɱЩΪǴҶ
ûк˵
бΡΡվߵָ޼ϾʱͻȻܵͻϮǶ޷Ӧʣ˿ԿǵĽ磿ܣһһ־ħʩչԪ󷨻ħֶΣֵЩֶޱϤΪҼϾٴʩչѵһῴѵеڶˣ޼طԪ󷨣Լħ
⡭
ͻȻ䣬뷴ЩΪ
Ƿ˵ҲпܣΪǵһԪ󷨵ħʿҹǳ⣬Ԫ֮ˣ
㲻ܣΪŲֵڸ;Уһֱû뿪㣡
бҡҡͷʱ޼Ͼ͵Ϯ󷨣ɱǣʱȣȻˣһϴƣȻŴ֮󣬲Ŷǳ֣Щˣûһ壬ɱ˾ɱˣ㲻ɱˣɱôˣǿ㳯Ϧദֵܣ


1245 ˶
Īаֹб˵ȥϾʲôˣźݶ˶ףΪʦһʦɱԼˣ
бͻȻѿڶϵܣ̫ˣ뿴һɱһ˼пܾ棡

˻һǧ˶֪ӸǶȴ档
бֿس磺ϵܣһֱڲаǰ˵ɱߣɣΪСʦܣ㲻ãҲԸǰģִǴǵʱվɱʦ֮ˣпܾ棬޼Ͼ
ҡسѿ
аһϣֶ˵˶
س粻˳˳𣺡ӵʱɣȻװһ̣һķռͬʬ壬Ϊæǡ˾޼Ͼ
Ͼ󣬾ը죺ߣԩʰ㣡
ϾǱƢ仹һžͷ
мʸ֮ϣ
ȥ۳Ȼסס֣»ҪѰ࣡
賤λ˵ļԣ֣ǳһжɵģǷǶԴǾ˵ˣ
޼Ͼ˲ѪɫħͷţƣĿϾϲʲô˾ӣ꣬ҵû飬û
͡ƣдΪ
бҲŵõ˺һŲаĪа󣺡֮ǰһɣڿˣֿħ״̬ʲôʱɱֵܣƣ֮У˭ͬʱԪ󷨡ħ֪ͨǲ⴦յأ
Сſڴƻƣԩүүҡүүҵ㣬ŲţϾͷŸΪԵ档
ħΧˣ׷˺ܣ
бһ˺ŭ⣺ɱң֮ǰɱһΣɱһΣȻţΪ˼ϵŲ˵˺Ҳ£ɱ޼ֵܣ֮ѪҪɱңҾˣΪҪɱ޹ֵܣ
ಣ
˭룬Ͼ賤ָӥצɱб
ֵǣ賤ˣ޷ֹ޼ϾΪߣҲȻûֹ
Ҵ磡
飡
ǧһ֮ʣȫʿ벻޼Ͼ֡
֮µбܻžͷ֡
һĨӰ˸ƣǿбǰ޼Ͼָһȭӭ
޼ϾɭɭһƳ⿴ǰˡ
Īа
ӽ޼ϾһУƽʱģྶͥմӲɫ԰ףð麹ҽݴ磬㲻˲ɱģɱҴǲУ
бȻ壺ҪɱңֵܣҪɱңħײгԣһδεǰɱǿаħֶа񹦷ɽ޼Ͼ߹ɱˣ⣿ղ޼Ͼ֣Ϊβأ޼ϾңΪֵܣڻһУ㵱ֵܣаħ֮Զֵܣ
޼Ͼɱֵܣˣ
ֳʿĿɿڴû뵽ʱڣ־£Ȼڧ
سͻȻŽʬ壬ٴٵصˣʦֲҾ徣Ե飬޼ϾҾƴҲҪͷȡ£ʦףСʦܣҲҪף
Ϊʦ㡢Լͬű𣡡
ղٲаŵӣȻ桢޼Ͼɱ
ҵֵҲܰһʿ֮ߺ
賤룬˫֮ʣ»δŪף鷢̫ͻȻǴҶû׼ǷǷǡټ٣ʱҲ˵Ϊ߰ϢΪϲߣ
бȻŭЦ֣ҲˣôֵܣʦҲվ˵ۣ
޼Ͼǰ賤ͷֿĪабˣбϾǰ޼г𣬵ʱ꣬ڸˣһֻϣҲҪ˺˵ɱЩˣǵȷŴ͵ϮɱĶǾŴˣɡʬ塢ǿҲǾŴȷаһֻԵˣԩҪɱ㣡
ϾɱʦãʦҪƴˣ
˭֪ڲаǰس磬ͻȻɱһͻϮ޼Ͼ

Ͼһֱˡ
꣬һУ
Ѹײڶ֮ƣŷߺޣ޼Ͼһƾɱس𿪡
Ͼδɱ֣ѹסħƣСѰɲ
֪
ûѪس磬κβ޼ϾȻһڽ棬㡢㻹еСʦܣ޼ϾɱôֵܣҲʦã޼Ͼһжģɱˣʦ֮ҲһɣҲ֣س磬ûʦܣ
ۿ˫ҪѪȷ硣


1246 ʦͽֵܷĿ
Իʼ½һĳӰаԪ֣˵˵ͬŵУǴɣҴ»һЩ֮

а§šŽӣﻹýȥ
ҲҲ뽫֡ͷ
ʦ֣Ϊʦñɱ桢޼Ͼ
û뵽ղٲаŵӣȻʼ壬ߺس֡
бͱˣ棬㿴ˣ۾ѩģȻ޼Ͼɱˣһʼٸߣ棬ס
Ҫ𣡡
سɱ
ˡ硢ڰ
ɱ棬޼ϾΪ߱𣡡
һЩֳң¡
飡
ɱǰߣ㱻һ赲
س޷ɱƣ棬ҪëѪʦãͬԼʦϹۣû뵽ˣʦһ򶼶ǻмӣ¶Ŀ࿴޲Ķ
ʱسɱ硢ڰ޼Ͼ֣ȴɱϢȴ
ü˪ʦ֣ʦҵĺãұκ˶
سɭȻ⣺ΪλҪ޼ϾкʦãɱôˣƽʱҪħȥҾŴΪҪԼˣѵΪǿ伫𣿡
ҽͣҲ˵Ȼ˵ԼûɹҲţʦ֣ҵֻһ仰
ʮ䡢һپ䶼ԣ
У޼Ͼɱˣкʦ㣿
ߣҶ˵ܶ飬֮ǰҼɵʦʦ֪飬ϾǼӣгɾһˣҲ˼ʧڿʼɵ֪޲ĶҾһʼ˵ʵ飬㿴ʦ£֣ΪΣѵ˵һɱߣ棡
ûзĵط
ʵܷԾֲаħûˡʬɾߣҲЩֶΣҲӵɾ֪ͣߣһͷβûе߱Сˣ
£سһδָ棬ƿڴ
ҲҲһΣָűǣ衣
ˡ
޼Ͼ£ŭɶˣ͡
ԡ
ϾҪ˵ʲô

ӿʼ˾һ𣬴δֿɱˣ
ǴӺĪ޼Ͼ֪Լûʵ޿̡
ҲΪΣ֮ǰûгԭϾΪ£ջԩ衣
˭˭һԹ
û㣬ûң棡бŲһƣɱ
ˣ
ͻȻ
һֱڳĬĵĲаһƬⱣŽӡ
ͻȻͦΣڶתһ˫Ѫ˿Ѫֳͫѻȸ
س缱æȥӭӣʦ𣬵Ϊʦñ𣡡
Ϊʦ㱨𣡡ǧղаŵӣҲ߿ع¡
ҲΪЩֵ
бҲ£Щľɲ
аأ޼Ͼ棺ֳ̺ԪŹҲδǿ߻ʬУΪ޼طʩչԪ󷨣ԲһڵһжʧֳһģһԪ֮ˣҲΧҲʮ˶ѣдҼ໥֤ûжжΨǸ;У޼Ͼûκ˿֤١
Ԫ֡ⷬӰæǰ
ɲаһѽסһͫĬĬ£ǣ˭˿Ϊ֤֤٣֤һнΪ
֤
޼ϾˣȻ˿֤ţֻкʱʱ̸̿ߣ
Цˣ
س̷ǽһѣ֤ʲôʦĻף
浭Ųа·ûһ㱯ʦû˿֤٣Ŵ׷ɱǣһƵǺѡһС
ʦ֣ú룡Ӻż
Ц֮浱ҡҡͷû˿֤£ϲֻ˶
سֹ£ʦˣǰɲԼһУʦֹնɱ޼ϾΪ߱𣡡
ʦң˹ҡɥʧ֮£һҪ
ваյӣһ̶ͬɱ֡
һΧΧĿ⣬Ųа
޼ߣ賤Ͻǧ⣺̫֮ͻأδ⿪·һж桢޼Ͼ侲£
ҵĺͽȴаͻȻһ̣ǲԲһͷڷȻѪᣬ˲仯Ϊ׷
ʦ
潣գۿҲһʪ
棬㻹һҺµ޹ģһΪ㣬ʦ˾ʹļף
س羹ȻʼΧ߶ЩղаŵӣһһΪʦñΪЩֵܱ𣡡


1247 
𣡱𣡱𣡡
ǧ˷ĺ
бʹ֣ҲվɲΧĪаͳͳ˹£ҲҪΪЩֵܣָǲܰ
ߣ
ʱһԳغ˺ߣһЦҾκνͣҲ޷ϴɱɣһ죬Ҳ޷˵ףɱûɱˣҲŽѪضıѾá
˹ûʣѪ𣡡سղаŵӣһ˲
ӰһȰԪ֣˵ļԣҲӦöףµȷ̫Σܾϳһ̫ʣ
ס֣
аȻȵǰ׷ճѪᣬһ˫ͫĿ£һ˲棺ȻΣһжָΪ㹻ˡ
˵꣬ͻȻȻ̧ۡ
棬ʦͽһ֮¸ִһʣֳһжָΪΪʦҲ֪ǲɵģɱҪһһΪʦʦãЩ꣬ΪʦԼչˣԼ겻ϧѪΪΪʦˣ
֮£аȻһ˵ץһ飬ңаţκιϸҲʦҲͽܣ
ۣ
䡣
Ӳай
Ѫ֮䣬һѪҲ֮ء
Ԫ֣Ӱɲô֣ץס첲
аʹҡҡͷЦ֮󣬿棺һʦ֣˶
ʦһ԰ɫ
һһͽܣϼɽ뾡취֪ն˭롭ʤ
аӴҶʦͽһЩͬŵģ
ۣ
Ѫ
һѪ⣬Ѫء
һЩʦ֣ԼģӴҲаţҵ·ÿӣ޹ϵ
ۣ
ʧ
ѪҲأѪӲа˹ָһεεڵϣɳʯȾѪ졣
ĬĬš
аԪʿĿУΨһʦΨһĳЩǱ½Ʒ磬ÿνǾӹΰ
񡭡
棬ʦܣ
سҲ֮쿪ʼسҲͬʦ֣㲻ʦܣҸ۶壡
ˣس罫Լۣ˲ýһһһ֮˺ѡ
½أسһɱʦɱ֮ˣسҪΪͬű𣡡
ۣ
һδ棬ڴʱǼȲ԰׵£˺һһðֵѪ
ҵҲ޳Сˣ
Χ֮УҲһЩǿߡ
һҲ߳ȻýһпڿС
бҲֵܣ
б˶ӴҲûκιϵصҹҵĶľţҲҪ۶壡
ߣ
˭룬֮ǰκһˣǲа飬ʼնû˵һ֡
бȻǸһЩмбʲôǰһ߿һۣΪҼʦܣĴڣҸ۶壿ûʸ񣡡
㡭
·𱻵ڳһơ
бҧгݣֵб浱䳰ȷ裬Ī衣
бܲ
б˺ĪаߣֵܣѳԼɱ֣ȻܷŹţΧɱ棬κҪվǱߣǵĵˣ
һЩʿһΧ赭дһ裺ǿɱɱˣ
û뵽һ񣬾ŵЩľս
ʲôˣʲôֶΣ˲ܲ
бӱȭֵܣڻûʲôˣи˶ϣѡɣǰǰǡ
޼ϾͻȻŭٴͷħбʼվһֱԩǣϾ첻ɱ㣬ڶ̲ȥ
ȵȣ
ڣ
Īаڼĥ֮УֱⰡ
ס޼Ͼ֮ѪĪаЦĪаҲ˶۶壡
⡭Īаˡ
ͣ
ûĪаӦѲ䣬һĨԳ֮󣬾һǣץ顣
ˣ򲻿ɰ
Ͻǰǰ£㡢ҡˣǱ½ֵܰһ·ǻɱԸŴ׺ԶƷ磬಻װʲôˣʲôˣѵ𣿡
ľȻҡͷϲϣң
ʦ֣
ڣĪаʼ˵ˣ˫ͨ죺Ϊᷢһ֮ǰһʱ֮ǰǻƻȥرռ䣬ϢȻһͬԸŴɳ½ٽ޼ڣһжǰã㽣Ϊһжˣ
Ūˣ컯޳ʿ컯ȴ߲컯޳


1248 ޼
ʦ֣ѵǾͻزȥһСһоΪʲô㡢һմǱ½뿪һˣΪλŪɴʱ־棿
Ҳ˵ջˮʯһ죬Ȼ컯Ūˣӣʱ˿̣ҲӦûޣʵȷʺһֱ¹䣬֪ԪôδԽޣ֮±޹أԼ¡
ʦ֣鲻ܾˣӺ¾ڻʼ½ʬ̣ȣһұִѹҲ㲻ηξҳ
Щ̣ȥ͸ùȥ
潫½׿
˭һ˭ǵˣ
бشһ
Χǧˣд󲿷˶һ߿
ӣԼأߣΪУԶһҲڣȳĪаȭ֮ȻЦ
ڰſʼһķĸˣ̫ΣΪ
һߡ
ڰ
˾ڶʤһģһϣ׷ǣҲˣ
賤ҲĬĬһࡣ
֮һ߹޼ߡ
ϹҲ֪ʲôʱȻԡ
ʣ˶ڵȴƺԥ
Ѿԣֻмһ֣Ըڴ˴þ֮£뿪
سߣ߾ߣ֪ܣ֪䣬вرڣ뿪һ߾ŴִˣҪһ򾡣
ǰݲߣʿҲȲֹ뿪
޼ϾдĮҵҪߣֹ
ȵȣ
бһʿ侲棬Ҫ߿ԣҲţ΢еߣ͸¶ټһƺӦ
ʲôֵ档
ڨڨףʲôȻ޼Ϊ޼ûʸӵýǣ
޼
һ˲䣬޼Ͼ硢ڰȵһ㵵ؿбȻ䣬˶һɫ
ƺӿʼڣѪˣ޼
԰޼£
سǰһ˱£Ȼ
Ȼͬİ˴س硣
бͷɱȻǾҲҪһ֣ͬѪսף޼ǵ޼ڹؼҲɱˣаǰǻ뿪ѵ޼Ӧ𣿡
ֻڰҲԱߣȻһŭЦ߾֮⸱Ҳ̫Щɣ
޼˭Ҳ뿪
ǧʿһ˲γɰΧȦ
ˣ·Ŵһͬ顣
޼ϾɭɭһЦˣǲһ̣

˭Ҳû뵽ǣ޼Ϊܽıȴ赭дתӣѿڶ
ƶҽ޼ҲԣֻĪаһˣӴԺ޼ֻһƿأκմȾ˱ǲӦͲһҪÿˣΪʬ壡
⡭
бسԥˡ
бȲѣڻӦУֻҪ㽻޼˭ƿأǵ£ɲܣ
Īа޼Ҷ꣬ǵҴǱ½뿪ƷǸͬĿɣ
Īаڣ˵ꡣ
֮һѹ
ۣ
Ȼ𵴣ĻΪѪ״̬
֮У޼ֽĪаȥ
طҴУѷӡֻһҪ󣬱ܾõ֪
޼ĪадȥһԪ
޼
˶˵Ĵڣ޼Īа
ĪаͻȻһ̣ɣһбسˣ̫ͽץġ
ಣ
Ȼ
ת֮ʣ桢޼ϾˣһӰԾʧƬԨ
Ԩڣسһ׷
ʿ֪£سɱڿյأŹǣ
ɶ񣬾ŹЩˣΪȥֵܱ𣡡бҲۼǿ߶
ǰ
ڲ
ӰĪаϲָ֣ڲа󷽡
а§Žʬ壬һλͨүӣؿ
Īаа޻ӦɵÿӰǰ飬Ҷ⣬ŴѰǣҿҵóرռΪ
ӰŴ˼Ҳǳ˿ġ
ԪʣֿΧһЩ֣ͽĪСӣٴССټԽ춯Խã
ǰ
Īаִһȥ
аߣ֮ͷʬһƿأְοֵܣȥúһ̣ڻʼ½Ѽ̫ղаŶٵӣɱ¶ֵܣҲŽЩɱ֮Ƥȡ飬·ҽҪڰ
þҲаҪŽһͬ˯ȥ


1249 
գ
ಣ
ӰɳԨ׸߿ա
Ǹ뿪ԨϹݡ޼Ͼ硢ڰ賤޼ߡ
ڰǰ湪ˣȥأйħߣı۽ȵԴ޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼Ĵ
˼ʣϻǲ԰ףµؿããͻȻãشһƺûеطȥããƷ磬ƺҲû֮ء
ڰֵбس纬ѪˣĪаԼЩֵܣһ޲ýɱ֮죬Ƶ˽޼ǲֿտôĴȥյصһдߣﻹ۹ֵȵɫ
ͻȻҵĸ״ˡƺû˵һ֣
Ȼﻹ⼸ˡ
ӣ۶壬Ҳֵܡ
ʦȻҲʦ
С
ʶϹ§ڻĸˡ
ϹȻϰߣͻȻ§ڻţ͸ȥ常ĸҲ㣡
޼ϾģҪըһǾߣԩϾһֱһôȥɱЩˣ
Ժݵᣬһ죬иǷǺڰףߣʦĿУȻʦȻֵܣԼĴţǱǣҪЩʿҲֻΪؽ޼ڣ
Ǳ½õ޼һ̣ҵĿؽ޼ڣӣҲĿ꣬ҽ޼ĿȥɾˣĴԼһУȻߡ
û޼ҵرռ䣬ƿģԺټ޼ɢ޹ģɳ½ؽ޼ڣȥɣĸԸ
תˣ뷨˵ס
һȻ
賤ͻȻĳ̾Ϣǰļͷѡʦֵܶԩ㣬㲻ûΪԼͣΪǿǣ˭˵壬Ϲӣ
˵ɰٴ֮ʶܳɾʹҵ
Ӳ˵һֵߣʱ˿Ҳ˵ôˣоĻ䣿
ЦԳϣʦֵܣڵȷĻ䣬壬Ҳ֪ȥδ
ߺǳ⣺ʿˣԾ룬һδͶʧȥ飬㲻ˣҸطɣ
ʱͻȻ¼ӣ޼ϾȭκԩҿԣԩˣϾζ㲻סȻ֤㲻֣޷Ϊ˵
ҵʱҲ̫³ç侲ţҲ˵лˣΪ֪ԩϾҳһ̣δأ޼Ͼһ̣Ҳ⵽ж಻ס
һжǰɣӴԺ޼ؽ޼ڡɳ½Լ޼κй˻£޹أھ뿪ɳ½ǰͷ
ã
ͻȻǰ֮һӣƿնȥ
ɳ½ߡ
ңԶһһ죬Ӧþħε
ħεɳ½Ƭ򣬽һսܿǵŴ
Ψһʥ½ء
ħεϿգʮ߾ۼߡ
Ϊ֮ˣ帣صĻƽڣԼ̫ϳϡ
ħεƺʧˣûץκһʿһ߸֮µħε
һ˵ովϵδץԼ޼Ͼ޼š޼ħǬ޼ڡ޼Ĵ޼Ȼһ󲿷ֵʧɳ½ɱֻѹ
ƽŭĿһ޼ϾֻϺ꣬ǰñɳ½ˣɱ²ʿ˾ӳ죬һ
в޼ɢͶϣϧɳ½ǰǳս½Գյأ̫࣬Ҫڴ˽ץס޼ûаģĿǰ첻ٸӦһֻ
ˣ
һ˵꣬ƣһͬͷŶ
ƽɳ½ʮɲǷԶһ󷨱ѣ˴˭뿪ɳ½ɴɱҲܷһˣ
˼ʣ
뺣ߣԼ
ƺ֮УԾŴɵӣͻȻӰ˷ӿȻܵаٶȣǰƺͷŲâ
ˣΧӦǸӦ󷨽ͬԷֲؼ䡣
ʮ
һ˾Ϳɳ½ȴû뵽ƺȻ߽ȻͬĹâ
һŹһ㣬ؼ䡣
Źһ˿˿ֹ˿˲ŷ쳣޼Ͼ͵һת
ţǾȻûзӦ󡭡
ڰҲһ͸źӦֲؼ䣬˹󣬲һˣʮˡϰġ
ǾŴֵĸӦҪǧˣ޼
賤һԾˣŴ˴󣬲Ƿǳɴ˿ɼɳ½ӦյأԱֲִظӦ󣬶ҾŴǿӦѳΧҪɳ½


1250 ƽΧ
Ҿ͸һ˳ˮ飬
ΧǾŴ
ͻȻһżЦЦһƣΪâ񷡣
Χ
˷ľŴӣԷǳٶȡͷŸӦѰƺ
ȴڴʱ˿̣һɱȷ籩ΪƣƺϼǰһƺͨԶ
棡
ǿ߿֮ǼӰ˭ϳǰ档
ŴǿߣŻ棬ż׷ɱȥ
棬Ȼ棡
߶еӣ׷ɱ棡
뺣߲Զ
ƽһϹŶ̸Ц䣬֪һɫ𾪿ɳ½

һϹŶʼټ˷ǿߡ
һһ֮С
ˣ
һŮӴΧǺǵı㡣
ѩ
ˣƶʱǿҶ
ˣо˲У
ʧɫɲǰöԸģʱִڼԸħʥ̣
棬ǣȻûɱ𡭡ѩһΧڣһ뿪졣
ɳ½ߣ
Ŵӣʿػⷽ½߿֮С
ĳһڲһƬƣƺ󷽣ǧŴ׷ɱ
Χ࣬Ҳ׷ɱǧ
ƣھ죬ɱ뿪ɳ½
޼Ͼ棬Һ󷽣Ŵ𣿻ƽЩϹŶҲҲһ׷ɱƽɱҲֵܣ˸
֮ǰҲɱǲǿߡҲû뵽Ŵɳ½⣬ý֡
֮ǰˣ
Ŵ̶ʱ䣬Ǳɳ½⡣
ˡ
߶ӦԴһ²Ժ֮ӿֳ
ͻƶ쾳汾ںҲԽңңһʱ໥Ӧ
һϲ֮ǰʹ֮ɫüʧ棬ڴλںδĪҪɳ½
ǴǱ½Ƭ뿪֮󣬴׺ʥ½ħħصɱ־½û뵽½Ҳһ룡
½Ҳ룿ʥ̣
ѪԨȥ̽Ϣֲʥ̣ӵױȾ޴սƷ̴ͨҪٱһͷ޴һҪ޴Щս֣½ץʿͳͳ˵µ۹ɽׯȵѡ룬Ű¹ҲսЩ֮£
޴ս
ս
Ʒ磬һ˲֪Ĵڡ
뷽ѩǿգԼսǶô׳ۡ
Ҳ޷̽սЩǿԴ֪ЩԳơִۡǿߣԪƴӷ
ִۣ
û˿ӡ
ɳ½Χ򿿽ǿ캣ԼٻĴ½׺ϣ
Ϊβȥɳ½
ȥˣһ·СģЩϹŶ״Σ
ɳ½
ƺһθʹ
󲿷ָֻɡĳʵĦ졢ʵָɡ
һ·ģ
ͶԪ
ֻҪϣǱ½㣬ҲüɵŴִˡ
ֿΧ뿪ɳ½ھ뺣ʮ߿գȻΧǰִǿΧɱ
캣ٻĴ½ƬŴ׺ĺǰУԸŴִ
üͷƬ̣뼸˸ı䷽ຣٷȥ
аħȻ·
󷽣Ҳʮ⺣ա
ԻƽһХݹⷽ
Ǹףƽ𣬱ɱ㣬Ҳʮаˡֻ޼ϾһƤЦⲻЦģ
ʾҿǰǰǧǧŴɱҪֹƬ򣡡
ԭ˷ǾŴӣκһߣŴ
Щ˲ģòϴ֣žŴǿ߻δ׷ɱɱӣǾӳ죡
޼ϾʵȻ̤һڵ
ٶٶȣѰԿ̫ࡣ
賤գΡȻһǿڽȿպ۵߳һƷʣ
˵һƺڱĿ޼ߣӦǰ޼Ϊܴ࣬ﵽƷ֮һĶ׷꽣
ԾףǰۣӲرأȡļһǷȣȻиΪ޼Լ޼ڤ񡣡
޼޼ڤ񡭡ձڣ֮رҲǰɱڸʩչɱʱŴִľս
ֻŸʦӣ͡
Σ
ǲãֻһĪۡ
䣡
ǰ
ۿҪǧŴǿ棬һʱգɱһ
֮޼߽λ
ƻֲ


1251 ɱ
ƻ𵴣ǰƬ߿ը졣
˿ȥκһը죬ǽڽһͷŽ
һȻƻʮŴǿˣЩ˴඼޼Ϊֻһ䵽䡣
ֻмټˡ
ٿ޼ϾΪﵽ޼䣬һھƷƷҲ㶥ˡ
ʴԶ׷꽣ɱЩκһƳգ级ûǿߡ
Сȥռʬ壬ԽԽã
ú˲ɳ
ʱ޼Īаʱ޼ǿа룬ҲСţڡ
ȻȥȣǺ£¾дʬ塢ɡ
ٿǰ֮⣬Ƭգǽʱʱɱ˴ԶȥƬգһڿڵڱ˴߶ɱɱȥ
ˣ
ʣŸŴǿ߷׷ɱ
һŻ֮Ӻʴ
桢Ϲݡ賤ߡ硢ڰһͬתһ֮ţڻƽʮߺʮ߶ƣƺ
賤һ䣺ִԺƿصĴͨҲںһֿʮ޼߽λǿһͬ߶ͨŻӶʤǷ˲˴ⷽأ
䲻ǣִǲƴ֡
賤ûģϵܣǵߣŴЩ̫ϳϡϴ߶ͨȻִ˾ͷɱ
ʵֻС⣬ҵҪʶһִɱľͷ˭
ִǿ߰
硢ڰҲǳڴ
֮ſٶȼӿ졣
Ƶ֮滩ɳһִִߡ
һЦһΪ˭Ȼˣǿִ˿ߣԪ֮һߣ
ߣ϶ֻ賤üԶԣ·Ҫɱȥ
ּ죺һˣԺ̫ϴǰڶʤ̨棬ɱһԺԶţʦʱݣٴأ
ϾɫЩһɱǧִǿߣΪﵽ޼֮ϵľͷ
߰ɣִˣһǿߣƷ磬ҲľͷǸʵҲ޷ģʱ߸ʱ
ͨͷ֮ʡ
¿ɵȲˣͷԪϽǰݺȥ
棬ϣһҪȡͷں󷽸ߺ
ʤݣҿԹȻɱӣܴߣ˵㣬ִҲκҲã治ţɱң
پŴִΧɱʱֻ޼ɵеƬ
ɳ½Ҳ
ˣ
Ϣ
˾뺮档
СԣżˇNɪٺ٣Ŵǿʬ壡
ǰ޼Ͼɱٽ׷꽣ڱɱУˣͨѻɱǧǿߣɱ޷
ǧΧɱƬ߿գѱɱһӡ
˵˳ȥ
ƽŰɣ޼ϾƱδͷȡ£뿪֮ʣϾ󷽺
ɱ
Ͼɱ֮ľŴǿߣһѷΧɱ
ϧٶȡˣֻܿһˣٶԽԽ졣
ñӻ죡
ѿʼ
ǵִ˸ֳ뿪һ̣˶Ҫ׷ɱȥ
ΡȻһոӦϢӰ٣һָ֣׷ɱ棬һҪɱӣȼɳ½޼һ

һ£
ƽȲߣʱΨǴӡ
˷Ҫȥ׷ɱŴǿߣɳ½ƽ
ಣ
ߡ
Ǵˣһȥ֧Ԯɳ½Ŵ
ʣ¼ˣλߵߣһʱԦ󷨣ٵسʧǷ׷ɱȥ
ʮ⣡
漸캣ȥȻ賤üͷһɵÿ󷽣ɫԽأˣִǿ׷ɱٶȱҲ£ˣͷԼ𡣡
ڰɪɪһˣʱ׷ɱǣȥ
Ҳһɱ
治мٶ˭ûƣ⺣磬Ǵ½ȱһƣ棬ʱԲڣǱ֮УԪϣ֮ȻҲκβ棡
ϴ󣬿ߡЩʹĴڣõִ˵ˡ
һ˾Ϲݡ
Խ磬޷֮⡣
Ϲݼ磬ڹעִϢûһ̸ҵģ·ִ˾֮С
У濴Ϲݣ常Ʒδ


1252 
Ϲƽʱû˿ͬȻ䣺ٻĴ½½ܽ½׺֮һϡ
ȭͷˣٻĴ½½Ҷûȥȥ￴һȥ常ĸ״ˣ
ж常Ħǳ棬ϹݶǿôĦж
ߣǲĸ߶ȡ
˼ʣ˽Զɳ½׺ϢܽˣҺӺ͸Զܽ׺
Īабһͬǰ캣ҲǴƬ򾭹
ǰԼĪ죬ǰͻȻƯ꣬Ҳˡ
ϾΪ֮¶Цݣмֵ⣺ƾ׺ˣˣҪ׺˦ִˣǰм׺һ׺Ϊˣһ½ǰ嫣˦ִʣΪܻƽ׷ɱ⼸׺أ
˦ǣ֪ǵϸ·Ǹ㣡˲ͬ⡣
һ˲䣬ûƺ֮С
׺˳ڣûʱ֮Уû޼Ϊֻ׺
һЩײкȺͷΪں֮ʱʱû
Լ˶ԣϤǺߡ衢Լ㳱
׺ڱ籩ҪģЩ籩Խ˺ѣ
ʱ
Ƭ׺ǰһƬ̬׺ຣˮС
ôֲ
Ѵңͷ籩Եա
籩˷飬ü˶ʵǿ󣬶ԸЩ⡣
Ӧȥǰ籩򡣡
ߣ׺׷ɱ
ȺҲȾأƷ֮Ҳֻ׺֮أϧ׺̫Σգðա
ִǿ׷㳱ӦҲŵþɢȥ
һִٸ쿿籩
׺ԣ籩Ȧ֣ƻ׺׺κ飬ڼɵ籩
죬漸˲ڱܿ籩
м׺ܾ캣
·ǱģҲ죬޾ͨƬ׺
ִǿ߹ƺܿѰߣ
Ϣóӱŵҩһһţ֮󣬼ȥ
Զ׺ϾóͼȽϣǰӦþһ׺
أ
ʱ亣ЩˣҲǳͨ
Ҫһ׺ʱû뵽㳱Ծٶȷ·׺
㳱漸ˣҲδѰʱ򣬷ھԭǰǴ׺
Ͼ⿴·㳱ֿˣԾ׺֮У㳱߶£Ϊο
賤޵˫ͫʾ⼸˱ǰиຣⷽ
Ȼ

һƬ˳ӿ
˿һЩߡٴǴ׺ڶҲиΪ޴ĺ׺
׺Ȼ·ǹȥ浹ǳ棬֪׺кε״֮аҲ
Ҳܺ档
ǿ׺ԵһͻȻһЩ١
һ·ϼٺϧ治٣öЩ˵ʲô
ˣ
˭֪
ʱһ죬΢΢ϴ
ȡһƣ͸һɲڴ½ֿСơ֣뵽ڻسԵĴꡣ
ơ
˼ƳҲΧ賤㵣֮͸ŴϢôõ
뵱꣬Ҳûƶ಻Ϊʰһ𺣹֣𺣹ָҵģ˵磬Σգóƣͨ裡
賤ƣֽ棺ж˵Ҳ棡
ȥˣԺҪ㣬ܵõǾܷڲͬ㣡
ƣˡ
һηȥֳƣԽټ׺ڲԽһЩ
˳ֲ̫ˣﵽϡ
ԼӦ׺
ͻȻ㱻һ˳򷭡
˳ߴףüϷּ˳󷽣ȻƯŲٺʬ塣
ϧЩԴʱԣò̫ʧȥ޼ʩչ롣
һЩĺʬ壬ٲߡ
Ϊǣ׺ú޵ģѪ뺣ںϣ賤ɭɭҡͷ漸Ⱦˣ˶ٺ
׺
ֳƵ棬оƴʱðһɵɫ
ƸӦϢҾڲԶ
׺˹죬Ҵδģ賤ˡ
ٴС·һЩһǱɱƯں֮С
ǰʮ졣
Ȼ䣬˲ɵͬʱͣ²
ǰ׺Զգ֮УȻɱһףЩף·񷡣


1253 ͼ
žױЩҫ˸䣬Ȼ棬һͷͷ޴צĳֿ¶ɱ
׹ⱬ˲䣬˹ſǧﵽһ֮ϵĿֲ֣ǿж֡
ʿϢвˣҵһ׺롭޼ߣû뵽ʱһ仰Ŀࡣ
ʿ
׺
ϾĬĬ°ͣǾ͸ˣ׺ʲôһ㶼ǺľԼ֮оʯʯֻһЩ̻Сֿɣ˴ģ뺣ɱһĻ
ߣ
һס
ٴŲϿǰ׺룬Щ׵磬˴𺳡
֮Щ׹ⱬ˲䣬ǿຣ֣֮࣬ΧΧڲǧ޴һЩʿɱ
ʬƮˣ
ۼֿ죬ҲԪ󷨡Ѫ󷨵Եʡ
˼ʱżīʿ
ʬ磬һϤ
ץƣ̯һ涼Сʥ̡֡
Īħһִͬͷ۵ʥ̣Ͼ賤ƣΪԾ
ɱ֮УЩŮʿ
޼Ҳ΢΢񣬱ѰǸҰģһڲͬ˼ɫ
ʥΪ׺濴ﻹнʮﺣ򣬻Ǿȥס
ǰ˺֮УײϱϮҫһδ֣Χ֮С
СǱУʱܵʥ̣Ҳ뺣ֽ֡
賤񣺡ҿЩʵǷǴﵽ޼ʵϵĺ֣ʥɱ˶ʤݣ׺֮У뺣潻棡
ˣ
Խ춯
Χ޼ߣȴעΧΧƺɢ
˻һһд㵡
֮ǰ֡ʥעδע⵽Χ
ҿΧͷظӦ֮ǿຣΧʧһЩ׺籩Ҳ
ЩȻϢɢȥ׺ڲγһƬͻȻûͨռش
ƺǰʥɱʼʧƬʮﺣ޷ﵽ״̬һɡ
ȷʧ賤ߡ
΢ۣһ̸ֻһͣƬĳͨĳȻ
ʧԽƬϿϢֻһ˿˿ֻ޼ϾʩչϢΧ߿Ϣ
Ȼֳƣ˫ͫ־֮ɫǰȻʧȴһɷǳ˵ؾ֣ϡ٣ڲȴؾڹͷţ
üͷǰͿʼںϴ½ԴִӶʤݵõһ޴ؾԽκˣһдĪĳڳȻ󺣹᣿ʥ̣
ʱһЩʬ壬ڲɽһƯں֮Уһֻֻ֡
뼸ٴο
Լ͵ǲ׺룬ܿڲȻǧ˳͵ɳҲһ޼һʿ˲ɥ
ϡܼʱʱʥ̸Ӱдƺ뺣

һˮڼ˿óǰǧ˳ͻȻӿ֣űǼκ֣̤˶
賤üķ·нȻһټ
ۼں֮ϣ濴ƿʼǿһζӦƣԷӦ
ࣿ
һûεĺ֣һûκֵıȻƿطǳ
ͷߣһһ֣Ĵ󺣹ֶ
𺣹һˣͷǻҰɫһһ׳ĳɫ롣
ɫףǿģȻս
𺣹ָŽǧףðˮݣȺԳʥ̵һģ
Ӧһ䣺;Ƭ򣬼Ƭ׺쳣Ҳ֪Щʥ
ɭɭХӭ࣬ǿ뿪ˣ֮ǰ˵˵ǿƣӺζģ
һΪƵ꺣ҵģź֣Ҳأ˵
ִһܣƣΪλһࣿ
ǣ
һả֣ոմӺһ࣬ˣˣꡣ
Ŷʶ㣿ֵ漸͸¶
ຣҲ⣺ͼʶǼࣿ
ͼảԿӹˣʶʶ½࣬ǣ
ϤҲִŰͼ
ͼ
һʱ䣬Ҳ·÷ǳϤȻ䣬޷
ϾǱ½ʼ½Ҳ꣬ȥ̫ຣ̫ຣ֡
ͼһͦǲʶˣǼˣմ½Ǵ׺֣Һһǿĺҳȥɵ


1254 ʥ̿
ʱǵˣԭߣȻûˣ
ҲǵߣˣҲ뵽գĪаһ̤ͬ½ͼһĻĻ
ɭɭЦʱҾ˵ǵӽаͼһٴģҸƬͳ֮Ǳˣ
𺣹֣Űͼ˵꣬Ҳ׼˶֡
Ʒ绹С׺˰Ҫ֣һҲż
Щ˶ã
ຣ֣ͻȻŰͼȺֻӶ۰
Ϊδˣǲס
ֳƣǲܶǺһй
ຣһ䣬ף߰ɣƣǵȷƷຣͨ裬ǲܴﾭ
һ໥뵽һƣȻĺְ֡
üͷ𣬱ȭȥ캣ͽˣƵĻҪѸʱ䣬ʵǺи׷ɱ̫ʱ䣬һ׷ɱ
ຣƼ˵ҲѹҿƣӦĪϵҲ㣬ʥͻȻƬ׺⴦׺λڼ½룬⴦˭֪ʥͻȻͷŴǿдҷɱҪɱȥʥҲǻ£
賤֮üǴ㵣Ǳ½ЩʯʯӴĶ࣬ǿһ޷ĲƸʥ治򵥣ܽֱﺣԨ
֮ȻУ̣½Կɷָ࣬Ʒ纣½أ½ع࣬κһҲҺƲʥӶҺƸԸ
ˣҿǾƵ뿪ʥǲʱҲ޼ϾǴ˵꣬洫
Ȼʥ̣ǺǻǲΪȻԭŪףͲٵʱ䡣
뿪ͻȻ˵ˣ¹غˣҪã
ȵȣ
תǼҲĿ͵뿪
ͻȻֹʾȵȵȡ
أˣ㲻֪Ҫԣ
ɵУѿڶ
ⶼǻԲҪҪԣغƷ籾Դ˵ģ
һף
ˣһԺδ
Ȼ֮µԴ
һԺδ
Ӧǵʯʯ½Դ
ˣԽ½ҲǴ½Դ½ҲԶţ½ǴԴղô½ߣƷܵġ
Ҫ
ǰԻҪҪԱ֪ˣƷҪԴ½ģ½ֻռƷһɣռĳɣռɣߣƷͻݽһ룬ʱϡʿҪٽһ磬ѱȵ죬ܵӰ졣
Ʒһ룿
ˣһߣں֮棬֮¾ǵģеغˣغҲǴ½Դʱʥһ½ԴˣƷͻݽߣըͬ磬̶̰ͻΪһ̻һĨɱ飬ΪƷɣҲһģƷҲһݽߡ
û뵽ء
ǰ˸׹⡣
֮ͫУԸǿǰ⡣
ǲˣ
濴ˣûн֮ͣǰܴȭܱʥ̶ߣһھǿƬʧʥԵʣ
ຣֵڣ濴˷Ƭȷʧ֮ԴҲޣǻֹʥ̣ɱǣ
ǻף
ֲ̫ӣ֮ǰ̬Ȳ࣬˵غƷԴһɣǺ򽫻᳹ʧȥԴ֮ж޷УҲֱӰһ½ԼƷ磬ʥ̿ǻٵƷ磡
˵֣Ҳһš
ڰˣأ嫣ȻӵвʥھһЩҲǾţһë½Щǿһģ㲻Ҳڶʤݣõһ
ȴ½ʮƷҪԴһ½֮ԴɣΪƷԴݽߣγʱ䣬ҲԽ½γһʥǽƬɣƬ֮κκ޷
û뵽أ
ʶ賤Ҳǳ˿
紷ȭͷ֮ǰ׺Χ㳱Լٺǲʥ̣Դʧ޷Ӧ


1255 ֹʥ
Īˣ
ִͼҲӿຣ֣֮ǰ嶼ڻæ뿪Ƭ׺Īʥ̶Եʣ
⡭ຣ֣Ϊ֮ⷽһʱҲ˼
ʱ˿̣һâԵ͵Ʒ½ԴƷ絮֮Դʥ̴ɣܵӰⷽȻƬԼΧ½Ʒ磬¹غƷԴԼˣǵһֹ֣ʥ̼ǹȻƻ磡
ǱһȥϾһ飬һԶȲ࣬ԣòǳ֣ɱٲʥһᣬͷλ
ຣʶⷬһжء
Ϣ֮󣬿˱ȭ̬˷˳

ԽǿԽʬ塣
ðݡ
ݹ󣬾Ǹֺʬ帡ûƣͨҲ˳ײ£׾ͱ
ຣʬ֮·ڶ𣬰׻һƬÿຣԱ
Ƭ֮ͬ˲ʥ̡𺣹߲Ȼŭ
𣡡
ǰױԼ޴Χ籩֮С
ǧ֮ƣѹѹˡ
ͼ뼸𺣹֣һͬͷƶһӡ
ſӣȺ֮ƽء
һ㺣Լ˾ˡ
ǰһͷ֣ǳǧ򺣹֡
кߡ󡢺裬ҲиΪֲױ
ֺɵĴ֮࣬вٺǧס
ְΧ룬һ⻷һĴҫʥ̸ֱҫ뺣֮£γһ޴Упǰ㾪ˡ
ʥǿػ磬뻹вʥ̸֣ʩչ󷨣ץһ飬ɽһ޴ɫմȾһЩΡ
ΧҪ֮Уһֺ亣ˡ籩𹥻ʥЩǿߣʥ̸÷Լ󷨣ǽֻҪѹơ
˿һĻǱֶ𺳣ۿʥ̸ô󣬴֮Уһ޴ھ
һʱһ󣬾һ뿪һɽƯ𣬱ʥ̸ַӡĳַռ䡣
֮ǰΧЩ׹⣬ʵǲױڷơ
Ƭʮﺣʧˡ
޼𣬴ϵǿߣŲԾա
賤̾Ϊֹʥ̱Ҫǿ󣬾Ȼܴ߶ǿһУֱﺣھ˴󣬾ǾŴҲԵ
Ҳ̾ϢһǾԴϧʥ֣֮Ҫ޾ؿɣ֪Ҫ꣡
ʧ˿ݽߵزɳ½Щ棬Ϊذٱʥ̿ȥʮ꣬ƬΧ½ҪʧƬԳ濴
ߣ
ŭˣ˱ȭƬ֮Ϊʹлǣ֮ǰδʥ̣û뵽ǾȻҪǺ壡
ʹһ˵꣬תڿն
ͼȼ󺣹֣ץ·úǣɵĺŽǡ
أ
Ĵ󺣹ִΧ

ٺںӦ

ԼϢ֮Χ˳֮£ж
˿Ҳľս֮־壬Ŵ
һͷͷ֣Ӻ֮³֣̫ˣС
ЩױȹʥЩҪ޴ʮ
翴棬һĻ̾ϢͻȻ䣬Щ֣ûƽʱӡ֮еĿ£
ຣֳˡ
ʹΪ֮ǴһƽŽǣغ
ʲô˼û
ã˾ˡ
ʱﵽ򣬻Ҫࡣ
Щױʹƽ֮£ٵ˺һЩΪõ
ЩױǾۼΧֹҲһͣ
ʥǿҲ̫죬īۣǰƯӺ֡
ƺʥҲ漸
ͣ
ױԼһʱ֮ھۼһÿһͷſ죬ϡ̶âڱߡ
żʥһȻмɳһߣմһЩħͷźߺǰδֶʤݵţ棿
ңҲӦһ䡣
ΡȻʥһʹߣ֮ǰݣǶӦ˵ħ½ħ̫ϴϣħߣ
ħߣ
һ˲÷ǳϤ
޼Ͼ壺ħ߿ħһµľħͷû뵽Ȼʥ̽һ𣬴ʵǳֲδ뻯½½ȵȣҲһδνٻĴ½캣
ˣ
ֻĿ⾼˸ڻʼ½񼲣עħڣʱʹţħһְħ߱ʥץߣǴˣ


1256 
ħӺ֣Ȼ泤Х棬вŻδ·к֪ܳŴִ׷ɱ㣬޼κ˽ҪΪֻ֮꣬ʥ̿Ծ㣬ҲΨһ֮أʥ̳ӭ㣬ԳΪκθ߲㣡
ĮȻӦͬ治κ֮£⿪ӦףʧȥƬԼ˷½Ʒ綼ܵӰ죡
ΣʥҪһͳƷ磬ûд½ûкʥ̿ٽȻ㲻ѡʥΪ飬Ҳϻħת󷨡

ʹЩױ´﷨
أ
һͷͷױ໸ߺ
ȫ˸һȭȭ̶ۡ׹⣬ֻһ׹⣬ںһ𣬻Ϊһ׺嫵׹⣬ͬٲɱʥһ
⡢жֲƻڰ硢޼Ͼһֹ̣ͣ
ǿױΧգ˺ѡŤֺڰĻɼôױƣжֲ
ʥҲûԴУɱƣ׹⹥ƣҫ飬ըƻԼ׻
һιƣ֡ʥһܵ޴𵴡
ױһִ֧׹⹥ƣͬС졣
˹£˭Ҳû뵽ʥǿ赲˫ӿȵĺ棬顣
˲ˣ籩ʮ
漸뺣ְʹǿߣЩû
ϢﺣǷ籩˳Ưںϵʬ壬Ƿ籩˺顣
޼Ͼľս·Ϳ޷ڷ籩֮м֣Ǵ˳ûֲ̫ʿоڶŭ
ڰҲΪ֮һ̾ʵǿ̶ȣҴ½࣬ƺǿ󣡡
ڽʩչɽ
Ŀ֮£ױƣȻʥǴ󣬵޷׻ʥ̡
Ҫǿ
䰢ʹ˼ٴδ߶ƺŽǣΧ֣޼ʵ
һЩ;˵ĺ󣬻γһɽƶ
˼Ǻڼᣬ׷׺ˡ
賤ʾ˿Χ⴦׺شƽҪΧǧס
ɾ⴦׺ǧڴʧ˫ɱɵĺˣҲǧﺣ֮⣬Შﺣɶٺˣ
Ҳǵһμ˻һĻоôǿǱ½½ܳһι漣
ǻʼ½ں˹£Ҳ
ǾæҲԳֶԸʥ̣Ϊ֮Ŀ֮һθожС
¡¡
ˣ
ǲͨҲȲױֲ

ǾԼ壬ͷŴˮȻ׷ƶ
к޹ǰһ˲ǧ׸߾ˣʥѹȥ
ױҲڰʹ£һͬס
䡭
գʱǶԣҲ˳ӿڣ˲佫˺顣
ʥ̡
һЧǳԣʥ̽磬飬ʥټ̣ں£γܣ
ô󺣰֮ݿ㣬ʥ̽飬û뵽ǣʥ̽ǵסˣδȫ顣
Ǵ֮Уһһɽ˵ʥߡ
ƣ
ʹױϽһչơ
賤ĵʥǿ̶ȣԽ˴̶̳ȣŴκε磬һ߶ȣʥ̹ȻʵսŴִȨ
ֲ˹
Ҷʥ̹Ŀ࿴
ʥս߶ȣԽĲ档
ͷظӦΪ⴦׺սƻѸƬ׺һ˷򸲸ǶȥսƬ򣬴ش
أ
˫һɱ
Ǻⷽռƣ޷ʥ̽磬ֹǿ
ʱʹ밢ͼȵȺ֣һƳֶ
֮һֲĺֽ·ĳط飬ĳطֲ𵴶
޹֣޹֣
ɽŵøӽš
ǿߣʥ̻ܷ
ʹȴΪ֮ϲ
һֺ˺һЩ߶ơ
ں֮£ܿðˮԼһС
ʱһ޴ߴ֮γҵڶ޴Ҳ̳֡
߳֮еһɽһ׳ۡ𺳡
翴°Ͷҵ죬ֺӴǼĺ֮Ук߶޴ʮʮϵĹ
ʮﺣ棬ܿͷߡ
캣֣
֮ͷ߳ˣû뵽ͷϾȻŽӲӱΧƯϰκǿߡ
֮ϣһλۣ꣬ơ
Ա߻һˣԼһꡣ


1257 
ʹΧ֣æӭӶȥ٣Ƭͳ죬ʹ
ǡȻ䣬ͷ޴֣߳ʮλĺ֡
ˣȻ÷ǳϤ
ಣ
û룡
Žʮ
Ǹ꣬һǰ
һ˺һ𺳵ƣ
ԭڻسԵѹ꺣ƣ˭Ҳû뵽ôƬ档
ٺ٣㻹ǵҰƱǸ꣬Ϣ̶ֲȣ⣬˽ٴС
˵Χ޷
ЦǺǵģҿ͸ӦϢϾҵ˵ɣƣڴ󲿷û˿Ϊ㣡
һֿͷߣڳʥͦʹ˵壬ôӦǻԱ
ҵȻ壬ǴڻسԵһﺣ棬ǿߣҴ确𡯣ҴǿߣѹС˼
𣿡
ǸƷټ֮һƬԼ󲿷Ҵƿأ˵ǸʹκϹŶʵǻûҴ
塭
ߣҴȥʶʶҴ磬ϴһص壬Ҵ˵ǿߣҲһֱ˵Ҫ㣡
û뵽һ֮ԵĺƣȻˣ棬޼Ͼˣͷ߾޹ַȥ
ΧһЩ֣һƣ׷ˮ¹
賤ͻȻһĨĿ⣬־ָ󣺡ʥھһ
Ҳȥһ飬һɽɭ֮УƯ
غǳ⣺ʥ̫ɶˣҸ˵ˣغҺ壬ࡢԼƷˣʥҪƷ簡
һʣֹʥ̣
ʥھҴ֪ȥ߸Ӧ⴦ԴһʧԹֹʥ̼ھҪ
ͺˣ
ģҲһ¡
ʱʥ̵ǿҲֻкȥԿôˣԺʥ̡
ӣ
ƴһˣһͷͷֲߣ뺣ϷΧǿ߶ڹ
һڱϵߺȣ磬ϴθ˵ǿߣ棡
棡
ꡮ𡯣ûеֻ֮
棬ǰҲûһӣҲڹעħִ˿սиͷ㣡
ӿֻһͨʿҲȻ֣ȭ
ףʹղһ㱨л㣬ǸҪԣסʥھʱ䣬⴦Ҫա
汧ȭٶְɣʥ̫ǿҵҲ
Ҫʥ֪
Ա˵ͷ
˴ŰʹԼʮκ֣ɲȥǷ籩Ϸ
֮ӡ֮һĻˡ
ʥǷӿĿºȻʮκǿ߿ƣҲΪ״̬
ţϢ˳Ϊһߣ޴󣬴ХһͷŵĴߣ׸߿ʥ̴
̬һƣܽʼ½һǸˣڰΪ֮ꡣ
˿ǿֲһʥ̴
ʥҲͷŹƣ޷⺣ôʼ֧飬ڲǺҲܵӰ졣
ߣôǿߣԸһʥ̴´࣡Ʋмߵ
𣬶ڱ֮ϣĪҪСʥ̣Ҵʥ״֮УӦƷ羫
Ǻ⣿⻰һף桢Ϲݡ޼ϾһҲס
˺Ŀ£ʾҿʥǵ챻Ĵ
֮󣬴ҷʥǹɴ±˳ѹƣȻҲһǿ֮ˮγһģֱＸ׺׵ĿС
ʥ̴ܹ֮󣬴Ҳ̺һ֣ڤڤ֮пΧƵ
ƺֹƣȥʥ̴ΧƻȻͱĥһЩ
ԡ
賤ƺף˵ʥʩչӵһɣƷأһȻųʥĳȻܵӰ졣
ӵжʤݾǶʤʿƷ磬һ½ʿʶ
Ŀ賤࿴ʥʩչһ治Ʒͨһ棬ǵıԴҲƷ羫һֲƷ
賤һѵʥˣƷ磬ǿɣ
ҿʥʵǷսڤڤѹʥЩȻƷʿЩʩչ󷨱ԴȴƷ磬һ˵ããǺӣʵǳƷ總ǺҲڣչżԣټǺӣΪλλ棬λλ棬Ʒ粻ҵڷλ֮С


1258 ׷Ų
λλ
˲ãһ𺳡
޼ߣҲеȥעһ֣һ仰
Ͼ񣺡˼ƺˣ˵֮⣬Ʒ磬磿
żйȷ¼Ҳйʼ¼ƷǺ֮£羫ȲƷ֮ϵλ磬ˣλЩʿƷ磬һ˿һԿɳԽƷ磬ΪǱԳԽƷ֮ϵλ磬λʿ֮Խߡ
ԣʥƷ磿Ʒ֮⣬Ǻ֮ϣĳһΪ߼ķ磿
ʥнͽλ磬ʩչǿڴ󣬾֮޷⣬˵ʥ֮УĳһˣһԳԽƷ֮ϵĳ߼磡
˶ô𺳡棡
ÿ˵ʡɻ󣬽Ӧ
ЩԽߴڣ
賤ǵһعˣڶʤݣΪԭ򣬷ؼؼԴţټǺ֮УֻһƷ磬ЩƷ֮ʿ֮ΪԽߣЩԸ߼Ǻ磬ǵǿ̫ࡣ
Ŀĵѵʥ֮У˵֮еĴԽߣ
ʥ̲򵥣û뵽һҲδһʱ䣬Ǵ飬ʥζͲˣ
ֺЩ
ʮκ֣ƶΪĺ
ں֮е̫£ʵÿˣľս
һɹɾˣź֣¡¡ʥ̽硣
һΣʥ̽ڴһ顣
ʥ֮ǿߣҼǵʥֻ̽һŮѵǸŮƷʿǴԽߣ
ʱעԿʮ𺣹֣ٿغ˶Ըʥ̽硣
Ȼ
ģڻζ֮ǰһ
ħۡ
뵽һˣһħӰԺ֣ħ˵һʯףͻǿУ֮ССʵҲǿڶ޷ĳ̶ȣΪʯ׶Īǡ
ͻȻһļ£ĪСħۣӵзͬһʵǿߣҲʥ̽Ůǰ㣬ǴԽ߲ɣ
ʯף
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С
ʥ̣
Щϵһ뵽Щʲôһ֣Ʒ綼Ǵδ֪Ĵڡ
䡭
ڣһ𵴣飬׺
漱æȥԭʥǴˣֻʣ¸һ硣
ɱ
򺣹ֳƽ
һЩʥǿߣʬԽԽࡣ
硢ڰȥռʥǿʬ壬Щʬɶǿߡ
Ǵ֮ĺʥǿߣһδι˹롣
ħǿ̫ϴϣħߴʥǿߣػд֮ϣ壬ƻ̺£һ壬δһ죬Ҳᱻʥ𣡡
һǧףʥȡ
ȡôܷŹǣʧȥЩһƬҪˣƷҲܵӰ죡Χ
壬ǿɲ㣡
ħҲ֪ĵ̣˹룬ûǳ롣
䣡
һ˳һʥǴɱȥ
ˡ
ͻȻ䣬賤һ춯˸
ת󷽣䣬һٶӰܾκ˶ͷ߾Ȼߡˡ
ִ׷ɱ
Ļͦ죬ֶ״̬£׷ɱ桢޼Ͼ׷׶ߡ
Ԧڷ籩֮Եı桢޼ϾȻӣ
ϴô죿ʵ
治мǰʥ̣Χз籩ȲߣҿҲ־£֣
ǰǺʥִ̣ɱ˶ԣǻС
ɱ棡
Ҳɱ´
ͫһתߺߣΪӦȶԸʥ̣㿴ʥں󷽺򣬴Ǵ½ƷرԴڣʥ̴ɣƷ籾ԴݽߣʱﻹУ
ʥ̣
ִһȺǿߣſ
ߣϷֻȳ㣬ٶԸʥ̣û뵽ߣһҲûȥ
޼ϾһѵƷ磬ЩڼǿߣҲ²
ŭЦƷشﲩ٣ʥ̿һ飬ʲô⣿ȳǣٶԸʥ̣һԶ
û뵽ƾһ࣬ͷŰִ˲֣Ҳˣڸ̤һҪº֣˲佫ɱñͷܣ
ӣĻӣмЦ
Ḹˡں֮
ں֮
԰ظߺһ
ں֮ĸ֣һɲ´ֹκһǰ̤벽


1259 
ߣƺִ֪˻⸱ģתעֹʥ߿ա
滹ع֪ں֮˭˴ӣ賤ʵϸ磬ں֮˭֣ɵҿ
賤ŸплӦƷ纣½ػȻޱĺ֣ں֮ǿĺ֮һҲǼָͷͳ֣ʵǳֲִҲǣԾŴִ˶ԣں֮·ǿǣ
׺ͷ˫ͷеһȣסں֮Ĵڡ
¡
ȥ
һ飡
˾ϲȥʥǴڱ飬ǴҲܵƿأҲ𵴡
ຣһ֮һѷɱûϵǧʥ̸֡
ֵ´һ
˿뼸ͷԪǳˣȴһᣬǾͳңǽݣʱߣ
ϾҲʱ̶ź󷽣ߡ˶
Ǵִˣ޼ɡ
ûϵ֮УִҲµʱֻڼ߿յȴš
赲˳ƣһСģ籩ҵȷ飬һҪ֮ι㣡
ȺǿߣʵҲʱܵв
ߡһٶִִߣͷͨΧš
ʱҲһͨʿں£ж
ÿһִӴֳףԪϣǺò׷ɱڴˣ׺ǰϧ壬ʵҵʵ彻֣ɱ棡
˫ͫں֮֮УŴʮĴڣǸӣҲҲܶԸģ֪ͨʥ֧ԮȻԶʩչΧ
ԭ׼Ҳʥ̣һ帣ءȵطΪУ˭ֲ
ʥڶڻԴȻչʵһٸˣһȺ֮
ˣ
һ
ˣ˿н飿
֧ԮҵȷֿЩִߣ㹻Ըһ棬ִ½һԳơִۡǿߣոոռ˸ȥ֧ԮҲܵǹˣ
ִۣƷ磬ʱǿ֣߳
½һЩǿߣ¹Ԯǻ˽ӴЩ˹ϢѰʿྶͥ鱨ǹпܲƷʿƷ֮ЩνԽߡ
Խߣ֮£ֻڹżû֤ʵǻǴԽߣ
š
߽߬ŷҲ͸麹иְȥ飬ҲЩ˻ɱв̽ʵܿ϶·ǿУȷ磬Ʒ磬ҪӶԴ½£ʲôɽׯµ۹ȵһҹʧԴӶᣬʿūǻ½иھ½֮ΪĴ½Դ
Ӷ½Դʿ˿жԲߣʡ
ټǿߣ½ԴиϢħΪħڣҲʥ½ڽڰˣҲǳȥħҲпܣһʱʥ½ٸħ⣬ħҲǰʵܽڽѹǣ
һħһһʥ̡
֮ǰǸΡȻȴȻ޴棬Щ
ƣǿ߲δͨЩִߡ
Щ󣬽ԻܵӰ졣
ͻȻ仯¶һЦݣˣЩɳ½޼ЩţԶӧ׷ɱ棬ѿӽ⴦׺
ΡȻɣеľӢ֧Ԯʥ½һ׷ɱ棬Ҳǽѫʱ˶ˣҲʵѧǶߺŽˣִ߲һȺ裿ЩᾫӢ˭ܻɱ棬ȡ޼ܵõ޵
߶ƣ뺣Χϵ
䣡
׺룡
ʥ̽ձǿ֣һ顣
γɸֲֿ籩ʥָ̲˲ɱһЩǿǹɷ籩̻Ϊ촷ۡ
һҲһʱɱȥϾ뺣ֽ࣬ܽŴҲ顣
ʥ֮һУҲܿƣ𵴸ӿֲ
ʥǮ֣ڷ籩룬Ȼ޷ɱȥǷ֣˱籩˺顣
ͦ
ͳϺߣһͷߣܻɱκǿߡ
ߣӴҲҪ
ϹݡϾ硢ڰ賤Ҳȥһִʱ޷κǡ
ִҲǳصģںһƽ
ƣ
ʥ̱籩֮У


1260 ı
ħ߼ķΧɱǺ֡
֮࣬һʥǿ룬󲿷ʥ̸ֶͷŵΧº籩
봦ȴмīŮӣܵ˱
ħŮӹʹߴˣѱƽ޷ߣȻҪȫûӵѹƣ
һŮӣ근ʮһ㷢ȴžͷǰ˵ѵõǾһЩͽǼⷽǽǳںı
ħҵĿǰ޷ѹΧȥ
Ҫǵȷ֣֮ǰѴɱȥ⣬׼ˣ
Ůһ˫ɾͫͻȻǺһ䡣
ΧЩŮӣһͬһƬƬ꣬Ż١
Ůץһָһâڷ֮ϣ춯֮ţ
ۿΧ򺣹ʥ̹ƶĿֲ籩ֻʥǧǿߣֳûΧɱ
Ů˫ֺʮ߶֮
Ȼ͸ڤڤ֮УһⷽؽܵųĻ¡Ƿ籩ը졣
Ǻ棬Լǿߡ
˲ĲʥŮӣͷŷâǹɹĻһ˲𣬽Χֲ籩쫷磬˺һӡ
ȻںƬ֮⡭ǿдһͨ˿ľս
ǲ֮
庣ǿߣȥηˣڶʥǿߣǹâҪɳһ̣ûʥһƬ籩߿ա
Ƿ߿վ񱻾İձ庣ǵ˳֮ĵóֶٴĿѷ죬¶ΪµĺڰǺӡ

˿ֲһȴһĨҫ忪˳ӳȥ
ǡ񷶼𣿡
ߵȰǷӸŮӡӵɫ
յѡӡ׵˽
ٺˣ޷ֵЩֳ֣ϺǺˡ
ں
˿ǷӰ˵Ĵڡ
ɶ׺Ǻ֣Үʴʹʱȡͷ­֮еҮʴͣ˲мЦ
ϤףҮʴǵˣɱҲɣ
ⷽ
ҲӦϤϢתٸ֣߲Զ
賤ǰǼ׸߿գû˳ʥһˣ󲿷ˡӦñղǹɾûٻ˴룡
弸ǿһǺ׸߿գʥвͨƶ顣
˳󣬶ʥǿʬ׹䣬׹˳֮С
Ҳһ־Ȼʩչ˳֮ҡҡ׹
ϾϷһָʥвָӳȥˣ
˹Ȼߵĺ񷣬Ҳȴʮʥǿ߿ȥ
䣡
׷ɱȥڽһЩʥ̸֣·ǸоȻ𵴡
𵴳֣оִѷ졣
֪Ŀʮһ˺ѣֹѡ
鷢ƣ֮еĻӣҲδѷ졣
ݹΧκˣһͷˮ
ͻȻԺͷǿϢˣߣǺѷ죬ھʧȥԴʧȥ򣬾û֮׵ķݣֱ֮ӰϷ׺ٶȻƣɱκһ𺣹֣
棿
ı
ѷ죿
æ֮滹ЩŶһУ
ΪżֶΪıʧȥѣκǿҲмһĴڣ
λǵƬ򡭡
ʶ󲿷ʿҲԲֻʡ
ΧˣԼк֣ҲԡԵ
أ
ʮκ֣ΧɱЩлʥǿߣҪ׷ϰħЩ
Ļ߶ƣº쳤Х
ٶȣ
Ϲݡ޼Ͼ硢ڰ賤Լߣ׷һͷų
תһ
ǰ⣬һ˫˫Ŀ⣬ӰΡ
ߵպȵˣ׷ɱ棬Ҫ֣ɱ⣬ִ˲Ǻҵģ

ȷȥ
棬ҲΪܱܵ𣬾ͲҮ޵۹ӣ
һ֮⣡
ῡܣɱ棬ȡ޼¡
ҮʴݽֳһЩЩǿߣҲһѷ׷ɱȥ
룬¶ԽԽԣƺ£ڿԶС
ܸӳƬ׺
ߴһٶǿߣѸײڶ֮׷ɱ˺ǧ״


1261 Х
Үʴ͡յѡӵˣҲ׷ɱ׼ɱˣһϷ
Х籩̫£ٶһδܵӰ죬ִǿߣҲڶʱ׷ɱ
Ͼִߡ־ͷٶȳԽһˣְ㣬Ǿ׷ɱ
̣
ʥǴС
ǧлʥǿߣţ籩ߣһδλ
Ϊµ鷢ˡ
Χ򺣹ֽڳˣлЩʥǿߣҲûߡ
·ʹǧףΪǧ׾޴󣬺γɵѷ죬һɡɿ
ĳһпһЩʥ̸֣ܴӰգͨѷ죬׺Ρ
׺ףЩʯɽԨڱ֮ָѷ졣
һЩʥ̸߲Զͱ籩Хֹӳȥ
ǣѷ죬˿ں˺Ѷɣĳ޵йƣп
ѷγ֮죬γһĻ֮£лɽ緢ѷ졢֮һնֻѷ֮ǧסǧ׸߿գΪѷ֮ͻȻ䣬ȻҲǧ׸߿գ˺óһơ
γɣ·Ƿѽͻأɱ񷡣
ۣ
ʥ̲лЩʿǧˣڻæѰҳ·
֮ϣȻ߿գһʥƣʱһ顣
Ҫ֪Щˣɶ޼ǿߡ
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Ѿʥǿ֮Уһ˲ͳһյ˲䱻ɷɱ
ӣ
ʣµˣͬڴ󺣷֮£ҲɵΧХ籩ߡ
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ں֮ϵһ𣬴ʱʥ̸ֱɱּΪ֮ռ䶼ڲ𵴡
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ЩϺǶϺΪΪ״̬ͲˣȻЩȻһʧأһ麣棬Ȼʧȥ֧ţ
췭ظҲΪ
ʮﺣ棬˲ݣƾʧһ㡣
γɵ𵴣߿һۼлһЩʥǿߣһ̣˱ռ
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һ֮ǰʥ̵ھǴʮﺣ棬ѾȫʧΪһڶ
ݡ飬γ׸ߵĴХԼַ籩֮ʼ˷ɢȥ
Ǵڶڼ
ʷϣδֹֿһĻһ¡
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أ
Х̫ͻȻ̫졣
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ຣ֣Ҳвһ˲䣬ڴХɰķ籩֮˲顣
ǧ֣ڶϢͱХɱ

һ𺣹ַŭ
򰢰ʹͳݣⷽͬ࣬ͳͳ룬˭Ҳ
ǣ
ʹŰͼϽˮ¡
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𿴵ľս˿Ÿຣֿߡ
ҲٳɣԦû뺣¡
Ҳ֮ʣʧں档
ǴХ֮κʣƯŵʥ̡ʬ壬Хûһжʧˡ


1262 ƽ
ڶڲΪ̫ţ֮Ҫһڶ֮Ʒ綼Ҫ˶ȫ顢
ХҲԽֲؼһХǺΪµĺХ˷ûȥ
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ˣ
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Ҳоˣ־ϲ
ҵûʲôоٺֶĬĬƶƺǨ㣬һҲѰ
Ǳ½ú쿿캣Ƴһۺ󷽣ɱ
һһˣɣ
󷽣𵱿Цš
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ֲ˹ڱǰһĽĽţ֮Ҳڻ
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ҴʱӴв֮УӿԼ֮ƶ֧ţŰӿ𵴡
ƷǳߣҲв
æͷֻΧȥ
ߣ˲ɿ
ϾϷЦеĵִҲܣˣ㿴Ϸ棬ƯŲʬ壬ִǲֵģ
һЩʬں棬ƯţӦִʬ塣
ߣ޵ԪڣȻ˲ء
η
ƲϴȻһһش֮Ҳǰӿ·ҲҪ


1263 
ڣҲ޷𵴶𶯡
һʱ
ӿ΢΢һЩת֮УȻʱʱйҫϡ֡
ڳ뿪ǧ֮ңԶ룬ܿǴڱ
ҾͻˣƬҿҪܳʱ䣬ﺣ򣬽Ҫ𵴣ҵûȥͷһƣ˸ոշӦʹӺɳ
棬ХںԶȶ
Ҫ˵ллƾѲӰӡ
ûƣ²ռ䣬ٶҲﲻʮ֮һǵһδ𵴣˻
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ǵ뿪ȻĻХ׷ǾΣˡ
ֻȥ캣Դ½ܱܹ֮Х
Ͼ賤ʾҸϽ뿪
ʱҴٴμԦ캣ȥ
ԼĪ죡
ٶȣҪŷɳһ׺
ϡܼ캣ɿͼ·棬Ҳκˡ
Ϊٺ֣ں棬Ǻߣܿͷں滺ƶ
·𺣹ڴǨƣһƬ
ת󷽡
Ƭ֮󣬾ڴѡ
δڱ׺Щʧຣڻζ֮С
ҺҲԽ
賤֮У벻ѣӰ˾ˣɼƣ֮ХҲḲƬ򣬹캣ҪܵһӰ죬ʤôżδ¼Ʒ磬쳣һĻ֣
޼ϾҲ̾ʥ̿˸Ӱ죬ˣ㿴Щ긲׺ĺڴʧǲΪɣʧȥԴ£
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Ǻ֣Ҳ캣ǷҲ֪½ܶԿֿ
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ץһѪɫҩ
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ҾͲˣָԸִˣ賤ǳˬ죬Ѫ̷ˡ
ǰ
޼ߣȭǰӦҲѲ٣Ҫ޸Ѫǰ̷֮޼Ϊϴ
ֽڶޱѪߡ
ҲѪССͣܽԪ˳̶ȣǿ㾫ίʵҲָУξǷһݴˣ
Ѫ̺ϰǿں̥ݡѪԪݣں϶ɵľӵлָҲܾá
賤Զִ߽˻飬ԭҪ֮У˭뵽н֮
Ҫ޸ұԼϴ
ȴûϵһ쾳ʿҲ֮١
ɵҩ֮󷽣˫ֿʼ߶һָӡ
Ƕ޼Ҿ޼Ѫ𣬴ڣѪ֮ϴ裡
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賤Ҳδֹ鿴ģ濴ϣή״̬ˣ޷ͨϡ
ˣΧѪپҲǶѵģ˵ӿϡ
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ز֮ԴĶѣӿС
ܴ߶
ҲܼԦ
˵֣Ƿˡ
Ѫ֮ʼ£ӿ뾭ϣǿйЩ֮С


1264 ߻ָ
ںҩҩѪ棬״̬£ҲѴʼջ档
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֮һ԰ףѪѪɫ˫ͫİĿ棺òѪϷ꣬޷𣬲Ѫ𣡡
汣ͷ״̬Ѫ⣬һСѪ𣬼ϲģΪǰϴ
ռǿΪӵǿѪвԼʵѪ𣬱޼ľͷҪǿҵĶ࣬ҿѪһڤڤ֮еİԵǳбѪӦòǿģӵеѪ
Ѫ㾭ȳ׳˶ʮ࣬棬ѪӴٶȣҲԶˣȻҲ㲻ϿޣܼѪ
ӵܣԿףʲôǿޣֻոһյĿޣǿ˳̶ȣٶ꣬꣬ʿǧ꣬Ҫ͵Ķ࣡
ܵǿѪԼڣͷŶһϿɵһδθпѡ
ȷǶ쾳Ѿ޼컯ѾҹĿ࿴
ʱ賤Ҳ·𣬱֮࣬һ
ףн죬ΪޣѪֻҵһ˺ãǱУ̿࣬ģʱžͷҲһ֣
ҡҡͷȴοҿ쾳Ϊ䣬ͬȾʮϣʵӦ޼£ţǱ걾޼ʥҲûǱʤЩϹ֮ҲᱻԽ
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ž
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˫ֺʮһơʧȥ
Ȼһƣԭ޼ˣʱѹЩӦ
һϾץʮʬ壬ʥ̡

һΣûƽʱʩչɣʩչѪɫ࣬ɲ
ﵽһֳɫ״̬ſһ磬һɻƣͽһǿʬԽ
֮ɫ״̬ڷգҲƣʬ˲䣬ͱںѪɫɲ˲俪ʼɡ
ʬʮϢ֮󣬾ڱɲһɶ
һ̣ڶʬ壬ֱӳȥ
Сǹﰡ
ԶԼԦָ賤֮ǰֱʬ壬𺳵ëëġ
ּɵڶߣ̲סԱߣǰǰ޼ǿߣڹ𣿡
Ƥӿʣеľա
̬ûһ˿ӣԽ񣺡ǰһͳɳ½ɳ½ҪԪططʯʯҲʬǿûˣܽŹ̶ֳȣ
ڽʱڣʬ壬ʮ޼ʬ壬ڣ㱻Ѫɫɡ
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ͻȻǷ½½ڱĿֲ𵴣ǧڳ
ţɽۣ֮ʱХȻƺߣ½֮С
Х֮ǹ·廹ɽԱХûΪƽء
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·ХɭֲˣǺˮڼ½ֻʣʯҲʡһ顣
ˮ֮۶ϵľҲʬ塣
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½ǧԽյأڲǶʿҲ½
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˿Խ߿գʱ캣Ȼиڱ֡籩һδϮ½
İѶ캣Ӱ죬Ҫܳʱ䡣
Լ֮󣬼ͣ㣬Խյأ캣溣ߡ


1265 Ǳ½
ﺣʱǰ˳֮УһƶӰ֡
Ǳ½
쳣һ˷ܣǱ½ϢˣǱ½
Ǳ½ƶţҿٷɹȥ
Ǳ½ҲּʿǻѪԨ桢ɴһʿӭ档
ڰڶ˿
Ӧ֮£汾𣬻ǧһͬǱ½
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Ϲݻصܿ컯ΪΣ½
д½ͽǧͷٶҲܴﵽ߶ȡ
ϹһƬɫ꣬ϷаٻĴ½캣Լ½ָ½뺣򣺡ڰٻĴ½½Ǵһ޷纣Ǵ׺һ죬常ĸڵĵ죡
һЩֳǷǰУţ£ܴﵽǴ׺
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ˣ
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˵ʦӦҲָòˡ
Щϲһ뵽анֱòɣ
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һħ磬Ǽֺ
ո磬һŻᣬĦӰӭڡ
̤磬û뵽ڲѵĦ죬Χֳٶħǿߡ
ִѹƷ˷ħɢޣҲһ밢Ħһħ½
ӦˣȱĦǰָ߲㡢˲ʵ
ĦħʿǸƣұִѹǳȫвǧڣһָеԨؽˮʴҲǧڣ΢ָ
治뵽һ£ΪħЧԪ򣬾ΪȥƺҲΪⰢ
ʵڷħڣ̶ʱǿ󣬳Ϊ̫ϴϣӵаܣȻħ½ħǿߣҲõҵİִѹҶ꣬ҲΪõϧþֶΣЧҲ󣡡
ұ̥ݡѪԪݶﶼ޼ڷӡڵҲǰõϣȻˣȿ˭ģ

ίʵš
Χħǿʵ
Ҫ
ǰԽԽ࣬һٶˡ
ץһٶѪѪ֣Ħ𺳵ǿҵѪϢԼϢֲÿΪѪϢҵİҲȥ
ޣΧħʿһһӹҩ
Ħ쾪̾ѪĲִӴ¿Ĵ塣
⣺ڻָ˳ɣʵﵽ޼䡢䣬ΪƿǱ½һЩ飬ҸоЩƣԼúúϢ
ǾͷǰѪԨϣڲЩǿߣҪǿΪע뷨ϴͷǰ
Ħ˺⣬ҲΪ֮һȣ֮Ǳ
ȥӣҲʿۼһ
Щʿһ붼žͷҲԾŴҲ˶顣
Ѫʱ꣬ҲԼָ࣬˿ʼںѪϴ
ˣ
һɽȣΧҲһЩʿѲߣʵۣ˭ǱϹϾ
ˮī޴żͷ޼ʿ档
ɽ֮УҲǿߣǹЩǿߡ
ܿʵǿĻͨʿ˳֣Щжйŵɢǿߡ
ʥ½Ǭɽߡ캣ͷšħ½ɢ޲콣ԼٻĴ½޼ŵĹƳ
Χ£׷ױʾĸлͨʿֱӴˣ˵ʮС£ԸΪףؽ޼ڡ
ҲԸǰЩʿ
ȻܣǰǼ£ݲɳӣѯ
Ҳй飬óѪɣЩ˴Ϊ޼䵽䣬ʵָ֮Ҳһǿ
ҲûϹΪʩչѪҩܡ
ɣԴ
ѪԨ棬ۼʿڵݼ档
ⳡģƯڰգ̤ɽӣΧޱϤǱ½


1266 ɣ
·һĻգص޼Уһͨӣ߲㡢ʱһĻĻ
·ʿҲ֪沢İЩ˴඼ǻʿǱһͳǱ½Ӵ½֮ټľӢ
ǾʹǱ½
֮ǰڣ˭֪ǰ湫Ȼ޼ɱǱ½Ѫȷ硣
ڳ˶ռ֤ߡ
꣬ϼɽУһͨɽҰСӣ޼ڣԿڣأĥѣҲ뵽ǻعǱ½
Űˣ渺ֶԱɡֽǱ½ͬС
ŭХҲˣս޼ڣҲһעƷǿִˡŴ濹⣬Ǳ½֮أҲҵĹ磬Ӵ֮û޼ڣûлڣҪһȫɣ
ȫɣ
ɾ֮ǰæµŽ޼ڣȻڡ
޼ڡڡŴУҲֻһѣӽԺҪڡǱ½ǡڡ
ڳÿӣڵһӣ쿪ʼǲڹԼ޼ڹҪǣں޼ڡڵһŹҲԴţ
ŹΪ컯֮ΪͻͽȻҲҪǰ˵ף˲Ǳ½ǾȥҲ赲ѣһҪΪҳϣݲɳӣҲݲýƽϣ˭ڰС˼ҾĴˣ
ʱ˵Ŀ΢΢һɨ·ʿ
ѻȸ
Щʿͨ쾳龳࣬龳Ҳֻһٶˡ
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һץһʥǿʬ壬Ư˸߿ա
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ԺڣȵˣǽԪ󷨡ѪںϣһϹ硢ڰеĹ࣡
浭Ȼ컯󹦷һںϣȻֻǵͼ߼ԶѪУԼҴ桢ѪľѧйЩӣҪһУͬ޼ڡѪħЩ޷գҲ޷޵
ͻȻ뵽ԼôӣɣЩס
ҲǱƳģǰʼһֱȥǰСǿǰɳ½Ǵ¼һӣصǱ½źЩͻȻףһʵޣ硢ڰ޼ϾˣһȥΪ𣿡
ϲˣȻǶ쾳䣬˵ȷпɵı£ֻҪƿôˣһҲף
ҿӵУӦ֮ΪҷֿԸӦϢԽǶҳϣϢԽǿңʱûЩˣȻҳ֮ͳͳϳȥ
ԭڣɲһʱһʱ
˼ʣ
Űʿʩչ컯һ޼ǿʬ壬ܿһ
ʬ龳ʿǰΪһ߸ʬ
ಣ
Ȼ䣬Ӱ
ˣ
ԭ硢ڰ
Ҫɣٵ֣ڨڨЦš
ڰҲȭϲˣɣڣʲôаšš޼ڣһƮȥ

˺£ٵ˱
޼Ͼһһơ
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賤޼ߡĦ졢Ӵһ𣬴ӳǿߣҲŻƣƸǶ
ݲЩͨʿԭشľͨʿҲˮī޵Ϥ
ˣ
Ķˣǧӳǿߣһ·ǿǣˡ
ֿ棬Ȼһ޼ǿʬ壬ʬΪʬ
ֻһŹ컯κǿߡħҲɾʯʯԼ
ǧǿΧĬĬš
ҲĬĬš
ΪЩǿߣȻ޼ΪǶԣʱչʾŶ컯ֲ̫˹
컯һϺôǿԽɶںϣڴ߶컯һǿһеĵķԳΪ컯֣
һ˵꣬Ӷۡ


1267 ȥ
û뵽һѪ⣬Ư
Ǵ޼ǿһ޼ǿߣǧеıѪ
ӽԺڵӣ컯κˣ˱컯Ϊ컯Ƕ컯
ΪڵӣҾһˣǵĳˣҵĳˣɱһˣҾɱǰˡǧˡ
˭ģǾͱҲ컯Ҳʶˣ˭ģͳ컯֮У뿪ˣҾ͸ʱ䡢ᣬ뿪£ͱҳϣ
䣡
˵꣬΢΢һ
ǰǾʥǿʬ壬̼飬ΪС

ֳÿ£ϰͨʿǺǧǿߣڳĬԼꡣ
ɪɪһЦˣԺҲڵӣ
ڰȻ汧ȭǻ˵ˣǰɣԺȻˣҲǵǺңܼ֤ڽ쵮űǰ޼ڣ¡

·ʿʱ˿һͬ¡
޼Ͼ硢ڰţˣҲɲǹ¡
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賤֮룬汧ȭϵܣҲˣԺ賤ҲǶʤһӣҲʿһӣ
һҲ⣺ϸѱħʥԼһ𵴣û˿Զһǿ⣬һδ
ĦʱҲ߳
ȴտڣִסǰ棬ȳģǿǷҶ飬û常ʲôŵ
⻰ҾͲˣ
޼ϾֿЩϹŶҼðξλǼǷһݶ飿ָɿʼ˾һֱǣǵԴУóԴҪ˵Ҽ˿ûǣ˲֪ܲͼĪҪ˿ڣǲŻر
˵ϾǷˣֻ޼Ͼһ
ڰҲЩϹŶǰ飬ѵ֪رҼ˵ڣҪλ룬ӵΪǻر
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ͨʿҲȭǸ⣺棬ܻųǷһ»вٵӣҪȥãŪһУڣӣΪЧ
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Ҳδ·ϵ˻ѡ
ˣЩ˳⣬ܷŹС˰˭룬簵洫
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ǵãȻǵãǴβУ
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ͻȻϹŶĿֵ͸һݺ
͸ǣ棬Ժһ仰Ըκʱվһ֮ͨʿˮīޣвǿߣ湪
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ಣ
ͨʿһˣ߿ա
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ֵǣ·ʿȴûһ뿪
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һȻߵЩ֮УҲΪز¶һ밢Ħһʵ쳣ǿ
ǿЩҲ
뵽ɳ½Ǽ£оһиûбҪҪȥȥαǿ
Ħ졢ӵΪοǣ޼ߣҲ

Ħ졢ϹŶһǧ˵ϹŶʱȻ浥ϥء
Ψ޼ߣֻ΢΢ס


1268 ֿж
ʱ棬һϹŶҽܡ
дˣ֮УЩľͷΪ޼ЩֻҪܣȫӵпȾŴκһĵӣ
ֿÿһϹŶλڸ߲㣬ǳϣһ̺컯һķûȥУ컯ҲʶˣűִˡԺϹҲȥҲλ컯ں޼ڡԼѪħľɡ
統ֳޣٺ٣λҸ˲ż꣬ǰǱ½ΪȥѳΪ޼ΪǶ컯Ĳ
ڲŽһжҪλǰ
һҲǴ½ף԰Ħ졢ӡ޼ǿȻ
ɢȥ
صѵ̺컯ķԼƣûЩϹŶԼӡ
̺ڣһЩڹ棬ûϸҪ
Ҫ¼Ŷ컯طһķ
ķҪڵһ㣬ҪԪ󷨣һһ޼
̣ӵǱ½޼ڣõԪһ̣㿪ʼת޳޼
ķڶԽѪħѪ󷨣ȻҲҪһ޼ͨҲΪѪ
ʱ̺ԪѪķɣ컯Ҳʹɡ
㣬ͬʱ󹦷ҲھͨУںϡ
ֻҪǰɣڰʿ硢ڰ޼Ͼǰ컯ǿǿʵ
ѰҪ컯ǰɹŴŶʮɣһʿҲ꣬Ħ졢ӡϸЩǿߣʮӦÿ׽
ֻҪв˿ʼ컯Ǳ½ʵڶʱ䲻ܴﵽƷ߶ȣ֮꣬Ǳ½ܴﵽһ־˸߶ȣ
ڵ룬ЩѪԨ桢ɵѸǧ
ͨԴԼ󣬴߶СǧӦǱ½ܸӦִ½ǧ˿ڣһǷˣһͨʿ
ִҲ٣ʵ̫ǿ
Ըоȡ½ԴǴռ䣬ϧ̫޷ȡ½Դ
ߣǱ½ѱʼںϣ½ԴҲġ
ںϸӦ֮ܽǱ½Ӧ߰˰ˣ̶ʱ䣬Ѹоڴ߶컯
ˡ
֪Ǳ½캣нԶ
ƬƬ˲١
Ȼ״̬æǰϴ󣬼ʤʿϢǣ캣Ƿٶ
ʤݡ
뿪Ϣ֮
⣬Ǳ½ڻǰС
ͷŸӦ֮ʮﺣ⣬ʵʵӦһʶĶʤϢ׷
Ϣ󷽻мϢ
˲ɱ캣׷Ѱ÷򡭡пǴӺХӳߡ𡭡
żǰаٶ˾ˣȻ׷ĻһᷢǱ½½ٶҲȲЩվƷ۷ǿߣǲ֮ǰ뿪Щǿߣгǣ
ǲѰǱ½ӦͨĳͨӦҵϢҪȥ½ٻĴ½ǴƹȥϹȥǷҲ˳㽫⼸˦ȻǱ½Ҫ¶ˣ
ֿж
²ɣֻصǱ½
ڣ洩硢ڰѪԨ桢賤Ħ졢ӵǿߣҲΧ󷨡
һִ׷ɱһ
涣ˣôǱ½УǱ½ٻĴ½ʱϵ
һУϹڰ뿪Ǳ½
ƯںϣͷϢĿǱ½һƯȥ
ϹͻȻ˵Žڣ
浹ûźתʱǿ޶컯Ǳ½ڣҶҪһʱǿҲܶʤ׷ɱȻҲ̫ȥĸ常
ಣ
˵ܿȥʮ֮⺣ΪߵǿߣȻͷһЩϢ
ʮﺣ߿գ
һ۵ߣϢмҡ
һ˫˫ͫǰ
ˣ
Ĵ֣ԦҴææں׷
ߴʱϢޣΧһڤͷţϢǰ֮ǰӦŨһЩƴУǴ߶
Ƿ򡭡󷽲ǰٻĴ½½
һ߾㵵汾Ҫ̤캣յز٣Ʒ缸½ʺϲ֪ǻ׷ɱٻĴ½塢̣յҲ٣ǾŴִˣ̤ǷҲٻĴ½ΪǿС


1269 ٻĴ½
̤ٻĴ½ҪҵѣҲضᾪǼ֣Ҳǳࡣ
ٻĴ½֪ںδʱǴ׷ȥ¶ټʱ򣬵ȥٻĴ½ٴӰ˷ΧҵԳ֣Ҳܸӻᣡ
˵꣬Ӷȥ

ӰٵشΪƽĺ棬˿رһߣ䡣
ǰٻĴ½ҷ½
ΧһƬֿ֮󷽣Ȼںֱȥ常ҿȥһ˰ٻĴ½ЩٻĴ½
УִǿԺ½ء帣ɳǿһͬ׷ɱ㣬ٻĴ½ͬ캣һԹأϹ֮ͬ
ಣ
һԾ
˴桢Ϲ󷽺ȥ
ܿ׺Ȼܶຣ֣ҲвûжΣա
ڸȥٻĴ½ͬʱȻʱʱ̴̿߶־СǧУҲɸԴǿа޼شһָš
ºһ޲ŴƬ׺£һ˵׺
ʱ꣡
˴һ׺ɳʱоһɴ½翴ݶ
棬ӦǳϢϾ⼸궼ںϴ½ԴԴ½ϢĸӦ󲿷ʿ
ͬҲߵˣҲں󷽼š
ٹȥ£ڼټİٻĴ½
СһŻؼҵģQϴҪؼң걻ѩץߣҲһֱѰ䣬ҾˣȥҰٻĴ½úһʱ䣬йƳڵ޼Ҳ
޼š
˻ǵӣӣ
ǵãǵã
ٺ٣ڵǧɣҲڰٻĴ½޼ŸŽԶٻĴ½ҲһЩɢޡ
ǧɡ
βǵãڶʤ棬ȵӣֽŮܡ
Ϊ£ҮʺơҮʴֵܡԶЩ˲ΪС
ˡ
óһ͵СҵķͷҵϢصٻĴ½һյأϢУߵˣº½ЩѰңҲڶ̶ʱҵڣ
ϴ㲻ȥ壿Сǳʧ
ʱȥǵ÷ֿжţϹȥ常ȼĸףϢһʱ䣬ٻĴ½Ҳ٣ʱͿסŴִˣ֪ҰٻĴ½һ֣
ףϴذ
һŲԷ½
ȻǱ뺣£һץסһͷߣϹݲ뺣ڡ
֮ں°ס
Լ㣡
Ӱٷͷ߹Ȼߡ
߿գ뺣ǧףȴչٻĴ½δע⵽ʲôԾĵط
ǿߣȻԼԦӦ󺣡ںڵ棬״һ̿ʼ߸Ӧ
Ϣ֮󣬾ͷŸӦڵЦջٻĴ½ƷҲֻ֮أ
ǧɸպǰٻĴ½һпܣҲҪǧһڰٻĴ½Χɱ棬Ҳ֪ͨ½ء帣ټ֣Ϲ֧Ԯ
ʹ߶ִƣ
ƴӣץƴ߶һơ
֮ٻĴ½ȥ
ȷߵ̤ٻĴ½źߣһǱС
ڣϹĹȥ常Ǵ׺򣬹ҲҪʱ䣬ȡָƣ쾳䡣
ںڣҲɺܶԴϴ޼ڲرռõĵҩƿٻָѪҲƻָ߰˰ˡ
ϹȻһʯûдС
˿̣鿴ƣزء˲ΧõĲࡣ
㿪ʼ־쾳䡣
ڶʤõɫʯ
ͬʱ۲˲󱬷
ͻȻһָо͸һ֣ݵζ
ĪѪɫࣿ
ѪɫһǷ࣬ǵڶʤȡԼʯʱʯ֮еõǿ飬ֻаƴСʯ
ʯоͷǳѪɫռ䣬ʯںϡ
ѪɫҲ˳ʯںϣЩ껹ڲںϵС
ΪʯҲǴ½ԴһƬ
Ǵ½ԴӶʤҲʮ꣬ȫںôһС½Դ

ʯѪɫ֮У뷨ںϣҲں֮С
һεȱʯ
ѯҲ֪һͬԣϸӦʯʲô޷ʯ֮С
оȴ½Դ߼Ӽ̡
̾ϢοˣʯǴӶʤݵģƷһżʯȻ򵥣Ҹо͸ǵϢȻ翣޷ȥϸϸӦ˿˿Ϣڴ½Դ֮ϣѪɫһֱںôãҲûһ˿仯֤򵥣


1270 ʯ֮
Ȼѿʼںϣһںһ죡
ֲ鿴½Դѱںϰ˲֮ࡣ
ǴӶʤݣҲں֮С
ʱȫںϴ½ԴԸо½ж棬ȥκκ򣬸Ӧ˷½ԼǱ½Ĵڡ
Լһ꣡
ߴӺðΧǲӿԼڵ׺֮С
Ѱһ죬沼úþ󣬿ʼ쾳䡣
Ϲţ֣ΧѲš
⴦׺ԶٻĴ½б£Ҳ׸Ӧ
ž
֮УڽΧ֣˳
󷨣ֱӽڡ
־Ԧһδϴ裬һδ顣
ͬʱӿʣڽš
Ƥǲ԰׾ǳ죬ҲðһЩѪ˿
ͣ
һɽϣƳ顣
Ҫͻˣ
֮ȫ飬壬Ƥ϶Ѫۡ
ϤʹϯȫʹһпòҪ
죬ӭ鵤ҩǿ߾ɣȫʼܡ
Ѫ˿ȳ
ƤѪҲвһͬ飬زѪоͷ𻢣ͻ֮ɾѪɱɷŹѪ档
ͷ𻢣Ȼ٣һεоһͷͷ̺ΧǧͷͻϢҪ䣡
ÿһͻƣزѪ󣬽ɱ䡣
ǰռͻħ֮ɣ֮زѪռѪɱΪ𻢡
ϧЧ̫ԣо飬Դ𻢣ǸоѪɱûǰǰԡ
һͻƶ쾳䣬ɱʮͻϢԸоǿ
Ī֮ǰЩ飬Լͻƣʵɱ䲻̫ԣһ̤쾳Ϊɱ䣬ǿɱͻҲ̺ǿϢ
룬뾳Ĳ죬ÿ׶Ѫɱ䣬в֮ͬ
֮һѪɱ䣬Ըо𻢵ʱʱ̿ݷ
֮Ӷ쾳̤䣬Ӧ״̬Ȼͬ
֮ǰһҪ̫࣬ϡ٣ˣҲоȶҪǿ̫ࡣ
ɵҩʼ߶־
ҪӦѪϡѪͨԪı仯ʱӵزͻȻһ쳣
æز󣬾½ԴԼӶʤݵǧ׾޴ַѪɫࣿ
ô£δƴ½Դ
ΪЩѪɫࣿ
һѪɫࡣ
ʱʯƴСʱѪɫ߿֮УͷһƬ⡣
·Ѫɫâķ࣬ҫΪٹƬ֮״̬
ʥϢˣ⡭Ժ֮еҲӦѪɫ⡣
Ѫɫ࣬һ𺳿ֻаƴСʯһ̣Ȼޱҫۣˣ⡢ʥؾȴ½ԴʮٱҪǿʢ
û뵽һʯһʱʥأҲǿˡ

˼ʣ
ҪںϣҲںϲĴ½Դǿǧ׺һͬԶѪɫռ䡣
Ѫɫ֮ǰֻаףҲͲǧףѪɫ򣬼¶˿ռ
û桢Ȼ
ʯͷų⣬ڴ½ԴϣȻ½ԴԶٵطʯ
ʱ˿̣ʯ컯һ㣬񡢴ɴ½Դؾ
ǲ
ʮϢ棬ں߰˰˵Ĵ½ԴһǱ½һɳ½ȻʮϢͱʯоյøɸɾ
ڴˣʧȥ½ԴΪͨʯȻ飬Ϊɰ
ŵһ찡½ԴƷ磬ΪӲʣʯʯȻʮͱʯ
ܿͷ𣿡һˣ½ԴۿҪںˡ
ΪԣҸоʯֻаƴСǾ취½Դǰͼ汦ȫһΣдӱʯԣ½Դ̺ؾıʯֱʯϢȴʯɣ˵ʯҲŴ½ԴһƵ
ʯҲƴ½ԴʯʯԨ·ֵģĪһ֣
Ӧǵģʯô½ԴϿɣֱʯ̫ʯ죬½Դ·ǵأ֮࣬ʯˣпλλǺ֮еλʣпԴ˵֮еɽʣɽпܡ
λʣɽʣ
ֻܿ϶һ㣬Ʒ硢κʣҲﲻʯָ߶ȣǸλʣλʣλ壬ͳԽλ壡


1271 ʯ
̣
ʱ
û뵽ǧ׾޴ȻڱʯΧҲΪͨʯ״̬ҿʼ飬֮ǰ½ԴһΪ
޴һȫԵƷ󡭡ۣȻҲ顣
Ȳϴ½Դ½ԴԱʯ̶ʱ³һģ
ҲΧ顣
ȴţ½ԴûˣҲûˡ
Կʯʯ޷ܵ˿ƿء
䣡
Լֻһʱ
ǧ忪ʼ֮󣬲ǻΪƬȫΪɰ
ʯ
˴½Դͷǹ⣬΢΢һЩ֮ǰͨ״̬ͬʼ͸һЩ⣬һǱʯ
ּȣˣʯˣоǾʯʯƵģȥӦһڲб仯
һƴС֮ǰѰʯʵʯմ½Դ½֮󣬾ͱƾʯһĴڣ
δҲ̫ס
Ҳǳ棬ʯմ½Դ֮󣬾ʲô仯
ʱʯΪһ龧ʯ״̬ͷŵ⣬ƯѪɫռ䡣
Ӧ͸˲䣬Ȼ֮Уǰһ
Ԫ޷ʯ
̫𺳡
ʯ֮ǰûб仯ԿͷŸӦʯڲҲǲܵġ
մ½Դʯɱ䣬ƺڲĳֿռ䣬𺳵ǣԪ޷⣬޷
ˣ
ԪһδγԶУԸ¡
ͷű𣬾Ʒ಻
һ㿿⣬Խ棬ո⣬Ҳ赲Թ󣬽ȫǰߣҲ޷ʯ
һƱʯĲ٣Ҳ뿪ҲУ
Ȼʧȴðһ˿⣺ʯòմ½Դ֮ڲȻб仯ͨ㳢ԣҷԽǿԽǿԿǶ쾳䣬ʵûдﵽ޼䣬޷⣬ٿԽߣ
ٺ٣˵Ҳֲ˿
˵˵
ǷƻϣҲԸʣϱﵽ޼߶ȣԽ֮УϢҲо½ԴϢоһɸΪ𺳵ʯ֮УҲ̺һЩϢ
̺ҵϢ½Դںô꣬ʯ֮Ϣʯմ½ԴҲҵִϢӦĪʯƴ½ԴرԴ
½Դв֮ˣйͻƾܿ죬̤쾳߽λ̤޼һտʯŪʲô
ҲҡСǧ
ҪǿУʩչСǧ߶ʯ˵ԣСǧ̫δ˵־
޲ߣӣҲ˷
֮ģκһսһ̣Сǧܴϣ
濪ʼ߶СǧͻƣǿٵͨԪǹĵ˸ġ
עԱһߣһбСǧʯӳֶȥ
ƺӿǿʯ
츲ʯʯ⻺ˮڷȻǿһЩ͸Ӧǳؾƺһơ
̫£Ǵ½Դ̺ؾʮٱҪ桢¡
һ̺ؾı
ˡ
û뵽
ʯСǧӳ֣ĳһ΢΢֡
鿴֮󣬷ǵС񣬷·Ƶģ΢΢ζš
һͷˮС˷ӦƽʱСʩչκιж߶СǧʯϢͷ֮С˶ĪСʯһϵ
СƷ̫߼޼̫࣬Ƿ֮ˣҿʯҲ½֮ǷʣӦɽʣɽ磬ΪԵû뵽ɽγɱ仯Ҳ˽ѣ˾ͿӵԵ
Сǧ߶ܷʯĳЩ仯ǿʯ
߶Сǧ۵úܿ
㣬ڶ챻ա
޷ʯֻܽһߣ޷ٽһ
η
СǧҲ޷ҲһЩջȷǿʯ̺ǿڷ֮
ϢһᣬϢֿ֪֮Ǵ˵֮Уλ磬Ǻεȵ磿
ֻ֪λЩǿʿҪλǺ֮УҪԽֲǺӣǰ뿪Ʒ磬֪ǺӵĿֲ֮λߴԽλ磬ôλʿҪȥλ磬ҲֻͨǺӣѶȿ֪
˭λ磬Ȼ֪ʯǲλʣ
ʼɵҩ


1272 ޷絺
ʯûСǧ߶֮ȻƯѪɫ࣬뾫ںš
޷ԦʯоʯĴڣϾںôʱ䡣
ٲ鿴ءزء˲أռ䶼䣬Ҳǰ׳һ̫ࡣ
̶ʱ䣬ͽѪֲ̫ˣϢǰ˲١
߶һѪѪҲܿ޼䣬ֱǰֲ
ʩչѪĻгǧ򣬴ﵽ޼ʵѪ
ֲ˹
̫ϴָ߶ǿߣҪŭ棬ƵʩչѪҲмܡ
ءزء˲ء
ĸо
һŴ
·һŴѪɫ
ǵ˲أҲǵزء
ͷҲء
оѪɫĸ硣
澪ãŷֻһôδоܴﵽ˳̶ȡҵĴ𣿡
ˣʵﵽ޼Խ޼ﵽ۷壬Ƿ켫֮Ͼһ֮زؾ֣ͬɣǿߣҲƷǸľͷ˸оһҲȻʵնںϵģָо˵ѽָ߶ȡ
֮
Ҳ֪Ϊﵽ£̬
ĳ
Ƿ
˵Ǵ˵֮еĴĴС
ã仯־Сǧ컯
Ԫ󷨡Ѫѹһ컯Ժû޼ǾҲûнѪħ
󹦷ľ裬ںΪ컯ͨҲˡ
֮ǰء帣زǿߣƬ׺ӦǸȥٻĴ½׷ɱ㣡
ϹݺȻʮ⴫
׷ɱ
ᵽңţصڣϹٴβ뺣ڣ߻Ǳ½ǷǱС
꣬־һ׺ҷһ׺½
ǰǰٻĴ½½뺣Ҳ಻̤룬Ҳ̤
ȥԽ׺
ٶ޼һ䡢䣬ٶͷûࡣ
ϹݺǧǱˮ棬ǰһƬ߼ʵĺ
УԼĪ£žûһ㶯һж
Ҳ˵δƬ
ȥٴ½Ҳδְĺ򣺡常Ƭ׺
ϹףʱѰʱ򣬸Ҫϼ֣һ죬Ǳ½Сһ룬ǳ֮޷絺Ҳ
޷絺ƬС
ǰ죬;ûһ죬ҲټҲ֪ʲôԭɵġ
ͻȻǰһǾͷһڳ֣ȥֻаƴС
ˡ
ͷŸӦ϶Ȼ־ϲ֮ɫ
һϤϢңԶ΢΢͸
Ϣ̫Ϥĸ׵ζ
߰ɣ
Ϲݷϸ߿գ߶ȥˡ
Ҳ޷˼ٳȥ
ʮϢѣϹϿգȥҲ߼ʡ
ӦٴͷţȻһǳأǳؽķǳͨⶼС
ٸ죬ɽֺ֡е᫣еһƽûаٻĴ½캣ָӵ
һͨʺϷĵ졣
֮еֺɽǳеϤζָּʧ硭
Ϲɻؿʲôõģ
Щ룬常ܴԽ׺ٴ½ȥǱ½һǾͷǵƷû뵽常;סͨϡ
һ־磬豹棬㿴ǿߣҲֻͨʿ֮㿴ͨˣҲǿߡ
常ʵΣ
常ʵȻҲǰ㣬Ʒ޵еľͷˣ죬常ǿ֮һ常ϲƽϲȨƣǰϲȥҲ֮Уĸ
֮أɷˣ
ȻϹõĴ𰸣Լģ̫롣
ϹݴٷӸ߿գԽ塣
ҲǷˣʿҲһ龳ҲҲ
˹ճֲ֣ҩģһĻĻСʱ
ӣʿԶˣҲ龳Ͼͷֻһˡ
ܵϼɽΧ
һʱƽٶȴʱ롣
Ϲʾ濴ǰǳأ常ĸǳ֮У˶֪常һ޼ͷΪֻһλʿ̼֣
澪ޱȣԼˣһΪ常Ϊǻʵǰڣ
常ϲ֣ϲ徲һֱڱ죬ʲô֡Ϊһ常ᰵг֣ǺҰ£Ϲüϣһ˿


1273 常Ħ
ǳϿգȻҲʿѲߣû˲ݣҲңԶ׺ʿ඼ûн䱸ġ
ֵ˶ǺͨϤķˣСؽֽССؤҪҲмʿżѲߡ
ֵͨʯ̳ɣ˷½κһǳؽֵñʯɡ
ڽҲһߵľ¥ʯݣ¥⼫Ϊ𱬣Ϊ
ҲܵЩ֮ЩʿͷƣҲȺ֮ߣӲʿѹˡ
һƬʪأǳɭïܣڶ࣬в¥ͤʪɽˮò⡣
ʶǳطΧ·ƷЩ׷ţĽ̾ⷽһԴ
Ϲִͷڵų˴Ϲ濴ҷʮԶ常ġīɽׯʪҲ࣬һС֮ϣ
īɽׯ
һƯ⣬ǡ
ȴʱ˲һС
Ϲͷ£ӲţҲһԡ
ҡҷԣƣ鶼ǴãһԴ֮е£ΧЩδϵĽѡ
Ů֮ϣ
ȻϹݲգǸͦ㴽ɿڵˮ޲ھһҧȥ
ϺȻһ޷԰Σ̾һֱϹٵģϣκŮӲʵֻӦС
Ϲݲ֪ڴԼ·ֻһˣʼտΧС֡Ҷ
续
Ҳţ֪ͻȻһߺȡ
ԭ֪һľͣ£ǰһСһʢľ졣
ľ뵺һͤдšīɽׯĸ֡
ˡ
Ǯľţͤʯ״в
һȺӵһĺŮ
һŮӣۿסᣬΪŮҹĸס
䣡
Ҷ伸Щ˦ϲ档
ͨһһ

丩§ڻĸҹ㣬㣬ã֪Ҷһң
ТꡭһӣϴůȰ
ϹݺȻϥأ常
ǺǣãǵһˬЦ
常
Ħ죿
Ĩᣬʱü¹һīԼ΢Ц
īĿ࣬һߣȴְһ壬ָһСɽϣĲ˵ء죬Ҳз档
ǷȻЦݣ·һɣ籩֮ʺ볩졣
常Ħ졣

֣һĦǰڽܣ常
һηϥ£常
Ħ崺ЦݣԹ֮ͷο޵Ϊ꣬ǧ꣬޼ͷĸ߶ȣƷҲҲһƷЩһȣΪһӣҲң
常ﻰúԶƷطûȥټǳ֮⣬иӹ磬ҲδȥʶҪŬ
ɼΣڷŬδ£ݶģ
ֲˣһˣƸ磬ǴȻȥ˵
ԶԣҺͿԶ󣬺òײʧǣؼ˵ؼ˵
Ħ֣ҡͷתͷȥ
ӣ
ǰ¹
ݶЩչˣںǣϹݣԼŮǻš
īɽׯ
˵أ治常ĦȤҲΧİܺ棬һһľŹ
С󣬺ܿСǰһׯ԰שߣԸֻһݳס
ӭ
ڴԺȴţʮˣٶС
һλѮߴ£ӭĦ졢䡢Ϲݻظ¹
ϹûǰܣλϹܼңɽׯٳмˣԺʲô¶ҹܼңˣ
ϹܼӣһˣԺʲôԸģ
ͣ治ʧǱȭ
ɽׯҲһ԰ԣԺԺͥһˮأˮ֮пɻ
Ժ䵱˽棬ǲŷ׷ɢȥ¼ˡ
ʱ£ĦҲ֮ϹϹݻһɫȹҹ¡
䵱Ħ棬Ǳ½Ʒ潫Խ׺ԼվŵǼ˸
ãһжȥˣںúõģҲɳΪһǿߣӦøоοҲǳɾ
ĦڼһֱԲֱ˵꣬Ȼ񣬷ȻŵӾ͵кӵ磬īɽׯҵȺǻ³ɳĻֳɳ


1274 Υ
䲻ͣĨ᣺ܸоĸ׵Ĳְ
ֻĦһ࣬͵ذοоϻ˵ĺã㣬棬Գȥڸõĳɳռ䣬ѧ棬ѧǿѧˣߣһУͲڵֻһܿܿͨṫӸˣ
ĸЩͦãо벨ۣɶһһ⣬뵣ģϹҲο
š
һѽ˫ġ
Ħ컽Ϲܼңܼң׼һḻļҳˣһҪúù֣֮
ǣׯūȥţල͵׷ԲԵϹܼңȴǳ
ĦʴЦٳȥɽׯˣһǳΪ飬£
뿪ֲʻԺһ̸ֳͣ
Ļĸʱǰ¡
ǣһμ常Ħ죬оİһͬˣַǳʵеĸо
·Ħ첻常Ҳס
ϹܼҺܿϲˣҲڻ԰Χϻƣ˸ãһյյƯ԰ۼ
ǳ죬µգƼȵˣɰң
ҪԵ㣬Щײã˼ңúúչ㣬չ㣡
һжȥˣҲˣҹĺܺãҲоǳʵ
ɵӣˣǰȻǸӣ
ԶԣκκӣκʱڸĸжԼĺӣ
ݶչ˺
Ȼչ˵ĺܺã
һ䣬һ䣬緲һڽ
͹һֿʼ¡
濴źǳֿĸ常ģҸϣͷ
ĬĬĸףĦ죬Ҳʱʱ͵͵ϹݣͻȻ䲻ٿյģЩɱɱҴææζȴоС
˺ҹ˴ȥϢ
ǰÿһһУֱһβ֪ǾƵԵʣǸܵͥůʱ統Ǳ½ϼɽһ°Ȼ˯
֪ʲôʱ򣬹ߴ̵о
ſˡ
ʲôʱģǣ
һԺû˯ѵģ
۾ƿͥʻԴԣҷ㣬Ȼ뵽īɽׯ
һͷ׷Բԣ·΢΢ձϹܼңŮ澳֣ˣϢĿɺã
汧ȭãе벻Լ˭Ҳ֪īɽׯ
ඨ̫ģͷžۣŶ˼ãȻ˯㣡ϹܼЦС
ʣס常ˣ
磬ǹ󣬻ȥгߣչģʿ
Уݶأ
СҲĺ磬æΪˡ˻׼ģ˵⼸궼Ưδúܹ峿³
УǰңٴϢһᣡ
ڷܣ
ϹܼӺԸŮȺ
صǰƯڰա
һ죬о˰꣬һ·˯ǧꡭ
֪ΪΣһݵ޸о
֮߶־Լ컯Ȼ֮е֮ǰͻƶ쾳䣬Ҫ
ҲɽɫʯסѪɫǿƬںϡ
ãŮ澾֪ͨȥ
׼úͥԺīɽׯ·ǻһɽˮһשһ߷·̺ĳϢ
ɽׯ֮Уʫ续Դָо̫ʵ·һּ궼װ˷ˡ
Ϲڰڷꡣ
һ棬Ͳ㽫򷭣Ϊεؿ棺˯İã
ףϹ١
ϹȵǶһˣݶɣļ⣬֪ǰǻݶ
ҲеΪ飬ϾҲϽˣӦ֮󣬴󷽷ӦţݶһˣЩ꣬ҲࡢΪˣ߸ԸһĬĬţ
ĸԸչ㣬һ޹أϹݲ˼ͷæµš
ʱĦ켸ͬʱ֣Ͻ¶ˮ
常ף
常ĸ
Ϲһӭӡ
Ϲݣ޲ڣݶͻݣȻΪڳּҲŮѱȵģ
ĦָɽӢĿʣô꣬ܲһֱҹţʱΪ¿ǿǣ
常Ϲݷ·С¹ײ

£˵˵ЦЦÿҪʱ̡
緹ͷҪϹݣȥΧ䡣
ĦҲѵóţƽʱڼдֻסĥӲݣһĿڳ˴
ȥڸ۹˹䣬һڲŻīɽׯ
󣬽ҹµգǳ续
ĦͻȻ棺ݶ˵ЩССͣڶ쾳޼ֶΣŽɫҸӣڴ˳ҹдһ


1275 
Χ԰Ϊ飺ɽׯۼ常д衭
ĦЦҪΪʩչ֮У԰һԪԪʩչͨɣ
԰ɣ常һ˽֣ǶרУ常ʶ㣬д裬ضܶкܴΪͬΪʦҲͬ⡣
Ǿ常

ʵҲһֱ常Ħܺ棬ˣһʿ
Ʒ߶꣬ڣʶʿͷ
ûһʿ常Ħţһʿ
ִԪߡơӡҢЩҲûĦơ
緲ˣ
ʿ
ʦʿ
Ħĸо
ಡ
ĦʱǰˮϿգպаûľ
ָһֻһȥˮϷװգ˲һƬĻһ̯
ܿǰװջΪһ磬ҳһȻû˿

ɲǽ磬󷨣޼ͷ׷е
常յó뻯θĦ
Ħ֮üͻȻɳһâڡ
ֻҲ߶ͨԪһԪͨԪ΢΢һ˲硣
£ʶȴ
ԪĦԪƯڽ֮Уڰװգڲռ侹Ȼнʮ
Ǿ̾常̺ܽ˰ռ䣬಻ȻԦ
ĦԪȻһץΧƯһɣΪʩչҪСˣͨԽΪʵãֱڴ߶
常ؿҲɲǼͷŹ޼ժһӡԪΧ֡
ݣ
գۣ
ȻԽնɱ˷ֶȻɱ֮ڡ
ٶȣһ벻ͻɱǰ
žžžԪѸ˫ۣӡһǧֹɱΧ
䣡
צӡ뽣Χɰգ໥ɱúңը齻֯һ
ˡ
常ۺͨҲ˿£ԲǶֻ֣д衭
࣡
ô䣬ʮԡ
ڲ٣˲ִǧӡӣֱӸǽצӡɱ߿գҪȫѹĦ졣
̣
˭֪
ʱһӡץȻӰɱͷų㾪ӡơ
ӡӹ˲
˿̣硣
䵣ĵؿ汾𣺡ɱǿ常꣬ż꣬Ƕ֣Ҳ֮У
濴׶Ϲ¶΢Ц֪Ϊ˽常ҲҪսԼǱ
־Ħ챾Ҳ޵
Ȼ
ڣ
湥Ʊпǵ·һͻȻΪǧףݽ棬жɽ֮ƣһն
潣
Ԫſһ硣
һն
ץȻһȼţ潣سϿսɱȥ
䣡
ڽǧ׶೤
޽ǿɱһ
˭뽫Ի飬ϷĦ콣ݺѹ·ʩչǵ潣Ʋƾ¡¡ը졣
Ҳһ𵴣޽ѹŻ潣·Ħѹ棬໥š
߿գ·ˣƿǧ׾޽໥ѹȶԷ
㣬ڽ£˭ҲδܽԷ׻顣
Ħ첻޵κͨЩΨٶΪֲҲƵģڶ쾳䣬̫ˣ
常Ҳδʩչȫ޷ռƣ
֣
滹Ǻֻ֪֣֮ĦԼͨӦﵽͨ߶Ȱˡ
仰˵ԽǿĦĹҲӦߡ
շǳ죬ҾͿԪж಻
Ȼ䣡
Ħı˹ƣ˲䣬ѹǿڽȻŤ
Ԫƣ
ȻϷڱ仯ȻĦҪʩչԪơ
Ϊ
Ԫһ㶷ɱ£ʿԲʩչԪһˣԻָ

̼䣬ǿѹƻ潣ĽȻΪԪ棬ɽϷ緢һɴԪ𣬲ϵس׹
ʱգǴԪ򣬺ذ˷ֲ׹
汾Ԫͬʱ𺳣常֪ԪõҲԪ𣡡
Ϊʱ䳤еģ
Ĭˡ
Ԫ𣡡
ɲǼ䣬ԪҲʼӡ
ԪΧֶٿ´űϢĻ档
ɲǻΪ֣Ҳһɵɶ󣬿Ϸ˫ִȥֻγɣɱȥ
һը
ץЩ׹Ļ˲佫ץ𵴣ɻգ˭û˴ˡ
ҲƲͬɻû֮УҲγһδ𵴡
ʼл飬Ҳлѿ
ĦԪ湥ƣ·˭Ҳûռݵơ
ɴʱ
ڲʮռ䣬ͷŵԪ


1276 ͻƶ쾳
״̬ԪƣѴﵽ޼۷ͷֹƸ߶ȡ
޼䡢䡢ȥǿߣҲʩչ˿ֲԪ
常ûͷŸǲֱѹңǿԪΪж̣
ɻɱʱ
ʱ˿̣۵ÿ첻УҲĦ뷨
ĦͷԪһ׹ţδԪߣȻ֮ǰǰƣѹơš
ԼĪʱ

ԪѼ
ԪΧƣƣȻһ̣ѷ졣
𺳿Ϸ湥ƣԼԪֲ糱ѹ常ԪжӴֻּܼʱʩչȫҸ޷֣˲Ԫˣ
磡
Ϲݸ˵Щʲô伱æ汾ˣټȥԪҪ飡
š汾Ҳɫ΢΢԰ס

ڣĦͻȻƯԪϷ
һĻٴθģ޷Խ𺳡
Ħһ޵ս񣬴սɱǧܼɱһ㡣
Ħ΢Цʺ񣬸ڶ쾳ԪΪǺţΪ磬֮һԪΪͲˣ

Ԫơƻ飡
䲻ͨԪ𣬵飬ҲԱӰ졣
֮ƿأԪƿʼʧ
ĦҲһӣԪʼʧ
һΧͻȻʧ˾ƯˮϷ
Ԫͬʱع鱾Ħվɫ԰׵򣺡Ԫд裬ҪЩʱղָܻ
л常飬Ԫнһ˽⣡ĵĦס
ϹǰݶȥϢЩչˣ
ݶϹݹ뿪԰
俴˱ӰĦ죺⺢ĸ֪Ƹִ֣ų֣
ʢȻҪЩԽ࣬ҲԽࡣ
£ҹϥ̸
䣡
Ϲιȥ
ҺñϹݷסȺǳһ֪常֮ϣ㲻Ƕ֣Ԫûһأָܻ
֪´ʱǳܣ滹ǲڡ
ʱͺúչ㣡
һչˣɣ
㲻Ը⣿ˣ

һץסҪתϹ֣ͻȻ䣬Ѫӿ·뵽ϹݡСһĻĻ
һ̣Ϣһ̡֮
վ濴Ϲݣ㻹û¶ңʱڶʤݣҲãҲСҲܵͻơɱ䣬ʤ
飬˭չ㣿ǵϹһ˲Ц绨ȥ
Źϣ;ԼĿյġ
С
ôӻ䣬ָֻ⡣
ҵƶ컯ΪŹغδԽƣڲлᳬԽŴִˡ
־߶֮󣬿ʼ컯ΪѪڷա
ѪһЩͻƣڻںϣʩչ𣬲ڴ󲿷֮ϡ
ѪҲڵز֮зţһ֧ŵ޴
ѪҲڲᣬٶȲ죬ÿһѪᣬҪܳʱУһѪͿһ޼ǿߣʩչĹơ
״̬£ԪҲ𵴣񽥽ָ
Ϲڵڶһ磬Ͷ䣬Ϊ׼ԵģȻҲ׼ʱ͹
˴ÿһ죬Ϲݶʱʱ棬ע״̬Ҳ꺮ů
һ״̬·߻ħ꣬Ԫڻָ۷壬ڼ䣬̤쾳䡣
ҲĦ졢ϹݳȥκҲûĦ̲ٹϵɻ
֪һʱߡ
ȻоͻƸо䣬Ϲݶһʼ׼쾳䡣
ž
ɲڷ䱬Ҳ֮飬ڹʹ࣬ΧѪ
ͻͻȻ죬Ҳȥķǳͻأ
ӭɵҩӭܣһθож಻
ȽϹ䣬жˮ¡
ϹҲʵûɣ
ܶΣģû⣡Ƶҡҡͷ
ͻƽ³ΪһٷḻͣϲãϹȻȥ
ԼĪº˳̤쾳䣬оʵǿһء
һ̣ǰҲȻͬøӯޣҾȻ֮г
ϹܼҲ֪ʲôʱ򣬴ȶΪ׼ͣСڴдˮī
ȥǣӦ
ոͻƣҪԡŮȥԡ
룡
Ů澴Ӻ󷽣ⲽ


1277 Ҹһ
ŮԡŮˮһˮأԼĪһɣˮҲð΢΢һ͸
һĸŮ澣ֻһɫɴϲҺԷëϴ裬֮ܣҺòɡ
תŮ澣ȥɣ
˭֪˻һŮ澷׷׹£ŵʧǣҪҵȷԡ£뿪ػܵͷ
֮ط壬ŮСǰңʼΪ¡
潡׳չŮǰһɬֽεΣʼҿͶĿ⣬͵͵ǻͭɫ͵ӡ
ӣУһӺͮͮŮ澣ΪϴӣŸ첲
ԡҺԵʣ澹˯ˡ
ֻţȺ̶ȣˮ¡
ȻҪʱֲȫѪӿ
̧ͷˮܽأԭǾϹݡ
һޣʲôҲûд˽ϡ
Ϲݽճ˫ḧ¸꣬һֻѹĸ첲ֿԡ£
ΧŮ澡оԼҪŻƵġ
ԭ֮ǰŮ澣ͳͳΧˮΧһ۾治š
Ϲһ֣ŮǷ׷תԶˡ
磬ǴΡζ̫ˣݶɣͻȻûˮУ֮䣬ʧ
֨
ֻһ֮˫ץסˮرأɼԼһ㣬ץø֨֨ͣ
һͷޣҲˮ£ֵϹݸˮ棬ӾһߣͣŤŤȥֱһ˫ˮĴָ֣ˮС
ˮ֮ϡ
þ֮

ݶ
ԡϣӢˣǣϹݶ
ĦҲһḻǰǣһĿ֮֡
ҹ֮ոջص䣬ȻкӰߡ
磡
ݶ
ҹ䣬ֻһЩ
Ϲֲָķڣ󴲿ʼʱʱ¸ƶ
һ죡
ոҲ峿
һᣬϹܼҾȥ
ϤһĻĦ졢ڵϹΪʢ
ѡ
ϹҪݸ棬ͻȻ˫ü
һϴתϹ죬æȥ
ŲҴҸȥȥȳԣ
õģȳԣǸȥȻȻ£־εȵزĦһԷ
ȴͥеʧ䣬ǸĦӡ
˲꣬ʱǣϹݣϲɫԴԶ·ʲô¡
ףȥĦͷ˵Щʲô
ôˣɫϹӦòʲô£֪¡
⡭ĦͻȻһ⻹īɽׯһμ˾顣
˵
ϹǰһֱͷĬĬվ
ݶǲʱ侭һ˵һǲƽʱǡ˵һ룬ͼ棬ĬĬ˵Щʲô
ͻȻ⣬Ϲݸ·޴롣
ǻϹݣԼŮ£´£Ůһ˻ΪĸΪޣ
Ϲݾ£Գ
ִѵ⣬棺ݶĺӣӽ쿪ʼҲҪΪ˷Ϊ˸֪𣿡
ţû뵽ҡҡʱ˿̣ƱϹݸȹϵϡ
伲ҴĦһࣺҿƸ磬¼ȻѳɣҲòȥˮɣľѳۣҿݶӴ֮ǰѡգ飡
ĦҲϲֵúãһֱǣȻѳʵҾѡӣҪīɽׯ
Ϲ̧ͷһֹģ常ҿɽׯԼ˺úء
ĦȻһףȥԺˣӺ쿪ʼúչݶ
һչ˺ݶ汧ȭСϹ뿪
ȣֽ뻨԰
磬û뵽ǡǡûŮ澸ϹͻȻתһͷ滳
渧㷢⻬缡⣬Ҷ飬⣬ͶӣӦġ
Ҫң׼뿪īɽׯǰ¾һйȥԶһ𣬻ǵĺӣһֿ
ãҴӦ㣡
ǵĺӣǲڶ
ɣȻһο쵱ףҲ֪ôʱ䣬ӶδΣζ
Ҳǡ
ɵѾͷߣȥκơ˷ˣ
ֻϹݣһ·Ϲػ
һº
īɽׯͻȻƽǰ죬ϲǶ
֯ﲻǵɽׯ˶æ
ͥԺӣÿһˣҲžͣ
ʱȻֹ


1278 ɻ
ӭˣ
һߺȣڣĦ졢һһңֱǣϹݡԺС
컨Ϲۣö˾̾
ϲɡϲ
Ƿ׷վ
Ħ쵱ҼҺӴϲ֮գλԶһҪԺáȺáãϯҹλ룡
ϲ
£׷׾Ʊ
Ħ桢Ϲݣһһλλ˾ơ
ҹϮ纮
īɽׯȻǳ֣˻Ħơ
ϹѾǣص䡣
Ϲúͷţﾲ֮£ȴҿͷ
ҲȵЩͷδȡͷڣϹǰḧ֡
ͷӽҵӣ
쿪ʼҵɷ򣡡ͷ֮µϹݣҲߴĻӦҸ
ҿͷ˲䣬δоϹɣŮòɷ
ȥ𣡡ȥ
Ϲһ޵ģ񡢽ǡ˵˺ӣܡ
ֻһζҹݶҿĪĪ˴껪
硭

Χһ˲䶼Ϩˡ
ûŪáŪ˼ҾͿڻƵġ
һûʽʼ֣
粻ǻˣͲˣ
˵Ҳˣѵޣ
ϲޣ
Ƥ
ķܿһ˷
峿ָڣϹݷ棬Ϊ·һϡ
׼һУΪĦ졢
Ժ̤̤ʵʵӣ˷裬Ħһֱο΢Цš
ϯ䣬һĿڣͻȻ棺ҿǵΪСȡ֣
ӣһӣĦ쿴ϹݣӵĻһҪи쵱֡
ȴ⣺ô϶ӣŮϲŮӣݶŮӣϲ
Ӻã
ŮӺã
ӣ
Ů
Ϊ֣Ħһɣͣ
΢ĺ棬δϣǻϹݣ
Ϲݺߵʵ磬ΪǺȡְɣԺÿϣ˯֮ǰ뺢˵˵
Ҳ̫֣˭֪Ҳò׼
㲻ȡȡ
Ϲеֹǵ漱æǻ
ӵӢҲ㲻ҿͽС𡯣ÿɺã
ݣ𣿡
ѽݣӣͿֺһ𣬾ͳΪأ
ͦģŮأ
Ůӵˣ󷽣ͽС桯
棿
񶼲
ͶˣӾͽŮӾͽ棬ˣŮ㣬ŮǸϱӵˣǲ𣿡
ҸӲ֪
ԺҪúϧǵĺӣɲܴǣǣҾʰ㣡
ʰңɷڴϣˣ
ûգӶһͷˮ
¿ɺãˣϹݻ濪ʼ׷֡
˴Ӵͷ׷βִӴβ򵽴ͷأ󻹲䣬һ
һĻĻΧδĽҲ׷ף
ÿһ죬Ϲݣȥɽˮ佻ҪúϹݡ
иҲߣӳ֮ʸиҲм
Ϲݣ䡢Ħ죬һĿ֣֮ҲĦ죬
֮֮󣬶󣬲ҲУЩһ˼Ϲϡ
֪һ꣡
һϣȻ
īɽׯ˶æһţ˾ۼڷ⣬桢Ħһͬȴš
ϹܼҲæµţϹһ󼱴ٺ
ŮӲӣ쳣ʹ࣬һĸƽ
ԭϣϹٲӡ
⼱߸ͣһͷ亹
Ħ찲οҿȥһྲⷽΪţ滹ĸչţ£߿ɱǣǿɲǷˣʿͨݶ˳ӣ
л常ǺȥȻҲ޼£̫࣬㱧ȭ뿪
ȣΧ÷·ûһ籩ּ꣬
籩ҲһҪīɽׯɵĿֲ
Ϊ
£ȴվ
һͷߵһˣػغϡ
ȻоؿеƣҲƺһƬѹֵ÷·˿סӣ
찡ݶʲô£Ǵˣ
Ƿ籩񷡣
ʲôܣǧҵŮˣҵĺһ˺
ţ
ģǵȴ
Īѹ֣·ΧԽѹԳת·ܵĳָš
ΪλΪˣҳ𰸣ĺӣ
˭
̡
ԽǽԽǻð麹


1279 ˭
Ҳ֪ǾףĳȻԱһһ
ѰҸղǹԴͻȻоǰһƬڰԺΪһƬڶռ䡣
˭
ڶʶڣġ
״̬£ͻȻ֪Լ˭һĻʶ벻һ䡣
Լģ˭Ҳ֪
˫ץԴԽ룬Խʹࡣ
̣

֮ǰ춯θΪԺ֡
𺳵ط֣ڻҡԺʶ֮УȻһ˿˿Ļ棬һ˿˿Ļ磬·ʱҪû
ֻǵĺܿʧǻ羹Ȼڽʶ֮УȼԽǻΧ޷絺Լīɽׯ
īɽׯˣ飬常ҲݶҲ
ڻЩ棬Ӿ֮У¶һݾϲ
ˣҵķٲ֪ôˣ֪Ƿ˳
ҵùȥ
һǱڵͬģżϹȥϹ

ʶǵ磬ΧīɽׯĻ棬ͻȻģ
ΧֳһЩ档
𽥵һɽɽһС
СŲ˼ңɼһЩꡢŮڳ
ͻأӵвٵӵ·ڽʦ֡ʦܡ
˭
Щֻ˸ǳʵ·ԼС򳤴󣬾ǵС
ݶڡǵĺӡ桭
Щ棬һӣ֪Լ˭
ðһЩ棬ٴοīɽׯĦ졢䡢ϹݡϹܼԼЩŮ澣
вϹݴΣɽˮĻ档
ϧЩֱģڲ֮ͬر仯ȷԼ˭
âһЩ
Χ֮УȻ󣬳½һЩ̶ӡһЩʿ
ϤϤ·ЩƺйһһʿԶȥܶطðգ
Щ棬·𱻷꣬һӽȼų
ģ
Ȼ֪Լ˭Ż罥ȼʢ໭ˣһֻ׹꣬һֻС
һϤǼǲסֵʿ
֮иӣΧ˵˵ЦЦһӣʱʱù
ҲЩϤˣ֣߳еض΢Цţͣȥ½֮С
ЩʱͻȻīɽׯĳ֡
ݶס常ҵĺӣ
ԣҵĺӣݶҵӣΪɷҵȥݶôˣ
ţ뵽ϹٲҲ֪
һһˣϡԺвرܣϹܼҡ常Ħڴȴš
常
Ħ죬
һ̣Ժֻ֮һʶǵΧīɽׯĻ棬һʧ
Ӷ֮ǰЩ棬ʵԼɱǿߣǿʬ壬ʿΪʬ
֪ΪΣЩİ棬һֺ졢ĵĸоƺЩоԼš

ûīɽׯһм䡣
˭Ҿ˭ݶɷ׵ĺӣ常ӣҲīɽׯ
ǸɱˣǸ˸ˣң˭ңΪָоԼһ
ʶ֮У滹ھᡢʹѰҴ𰸡
ǵ磡
оӿҪըѵʱ򣬻ʢһЩȻʱ򣬻ճΪһ״̬
ϡǰԺ䣬ôرܣϹݡ
ֲ֪һĪ·ԭز
硭
ģȻоǷѹ֣Ż粻Ϸտ𽥵ʧ
Ҳָ泩һЩ
֮еӰöչģڷգ
𺳿Ž֮УǵƴСĻ硣
һˣһ֮ˣ俴òϷ·һĵ¡
Ȼĵ·ճһЩĻ棬
·侲Ż磺ԭ֮ǰĶķյ;ʲôΪξ桢ЩġӰʵ

ִһŮӣҽ
ݶݶҵӣ
æҡҡͷǰ
֪ΪΣЩ翣ĴԺҲЩʵ
ЩˣػأӰ˸
ֿ常Ħ죬ҲһӰƯϹܼңԼԡŮ澣ԳΪһֲӰ
̣
ʶ֮ڵ롣
ӰΧյԽ
ǰһڣʲôʧˡ
ֻܿʶ󣬿֮ǰִϲ١
ΧӿƯٹģڷա֮С
ӰҲԽʵԽǿң治˼ؿķսΧɢա
ʧ
ֲãٴ𺳣Ϊڽ㣬ϡһЩӡӡӦԪӡ
ΪԺ֮УԪӡ
治ףҲ벻ͨԼԺвԼķӡ


1280 λʵ
ķոΪڽʧԪӡ󷨳ˡ
ȻԪ㡢㶼Ԫӡҷǳǿ䡣
ǻķճ֣ɢԪ󣬿ԶҲЩ¡صԪӡ
˭Ժ֮УֲԪӡ
ɱڣ·ǰֻˡ
˼ʣΧ˸Ļ棬½캣ٻĴ½ɳ½ʤݡ
Լĺ򣬴ʿķı
ӰʱӰȻԼ
·ԼԪ񣬱ıĵ£Ԫӡɢ󣬺òײǰ
ʱ˿̵棬İϤìּҵͨԪ񡭡
ͨԪ
˫ͫ⣬İȣ
Ϥӣ
ԼͨԪ
̣
ͨԪǼĵ£ͷŸȼչģһģͨԪһ״̬΢΢ر󣬱š
ңҡΪΡ
ӣתΧûϤԪ󣬴󲿷Ȼǽ״̬
һǿӡڽ֮С
ΪͨԪĳ֣ǾѣʯڲǸжϹĵŽԪ񽬺״̬
ͨԪĵͷô治ܿЩԪӡ
˭˭Һ޲֮ʣԺֲ˰Ԫ󣿡
̺ţʶ˯޷־ĿʮޣԲεȾͷԪֶΣ
ôܱˣ޲ֲԪӡ
롭Һ˯꣬һֱڳ˯ԺԼǵã
ʲôҾԪ֮У
¼ͨԪ֮󣬹ĵҴӳ˯֮Ǻεĳǿߣ˯
ɻ󣬾һˣ
ֵǣ뵽ΪԼʧȥʶΪԪ󣬱˴Ԫӡ
ʲô
ĵڲͷɢΧӡһϤȥ
˿̣ͨԪʼںϣƿ壬Ժطûзӡ
Ƭؿռ䣬Ԫӡģݲ÷飬һֲɽҪѹɽ£޳ͷ֮ա
̣
ͨԪһ̣Ϊ߶ߣ£ûж𣬹ĵȴ޵ؾΧԼԪӡ
Ȼ䣬һЩ棬īɽׯЩ˸ǰ
һЩ棬аĪаϾһĻĻֱߡһ·׷ɱȥ캣
뺮桢Ǳ½ݱϹݶ½ٻĴ½֮Уȥ常ĸס
ˣ
ʱ˿̣ͫȼŻ棬ȥһоˣκһƬΣܼǵ
桢Ǳ½ֿ֮ǰ֮к쳣֮ϹٽǴ޷׺
л˳С
ҵߣ뵽Ϲݶ޷纣
һ̿ʼļģ֪ʱͨ򣬻常Ħڵĺ
֮һм䶼ģģ
ĵֽԪӡ󾻻ԪҲͷ级ͨԪѹȶ
˿ֲδ˿ֲԪơ
ĵ£Сǧ
ܱԪӡɱ
˲Ҳֻܴ߶ǿ󹦷СǧŹĵԿΧԪˡ
ЧоӱͿյ˲䣬ĵͻȻӿһɹĻơ
ͬϼ⣬һҫ˷

ԪӡͷŶĹƺˣڹĵɹҫ£Ա״̬Ԫӡƴ顣
գɲ֪Ժֵ֮Ԫƣǲǹĵ¶֣СǧĶ֡

һ۵ã˿ƿ
ͨԪ񾭹ôУѾǳǿ԰һС
оǹĵ£֪ΪΣƺڤڤ֮УӸտʼ֣ڶҴ߷
Լʶһ㣬ԸΧƣѾԪӡ
Ҽˡ
֪ǲǴ߶СǧԵʣ뾻ΧƣԼϻԪӡԭ
ͻȻϹ֮ľ
ؿϹݽ׺֮е޷纣ֿһǾ常Ħڵ޷絺
ڳǳ֮Уīɽׯڼ常Ħ죬ĸ䡣
֮һڣīɽׯȹ̫࡮Ҹӡ
Ħһδдĸν̸һ˺Ⱦ£ܰ档
ڼ֮УΪīɽׯˡ
Է˷̣ȥҲ˷̣ԡҲоɫŮ澷̣ͬʹ֮е̫ӡӡ
ң
常ڵ޷絺Ҳĸס
໭棬ͻȻоһġ
Ϊּ䣬ƺһԹߡȥ·һУȥһ
常Ħסĵϣ常䡢Ϲһ𣬹ɶĽӡ
ں֮УϹһδҹࡢˮ֮
ϹΪϺӣ˲īɽׯһģƴĻ
𣿡
ȻϹݳס
ӶʤǴ¼ȷϹݡС͵ˣɳⷽ滹û
ΣΪθоȥ꣬ꡭΣΪʵȥһΣ
ȻΣؿռԪӡǿֲԺʧȥʶԪӡԵʣ
ʶʧȥңĳ־Ҳǳ˯ĳþ֮У֪ԻУһжǻ󣬲ʵģ


1281 
ֵǣΪԺֲԪΪβֱӿңҵԪ񣿻ǽֱӻɱ
ף
滹벻ס
ֲԪΪβֱӿͨԪ񣿿־
̣
ͨԪͷĵ²ͷԪԼ顣
˿̣һԪռ䣬ͻȻĦˡ
ȥϲطԭ
ȥɾϲһȻ
ٶȣôҳ˯Ǳ˿ʶʱһѣǶԿǿУ
Ծ
ǾƷԪ񷨱
޼ͷҲ֣ʴоͷԺֲԪᷴ
ʱԭ
ԭһǿƣӡʵʵܲ͸硣
ܷӡƷ
ֿͨԪϹĵƣѹɢӡ󷨽ӴͿʼ󷨣춯
ķӡҾȻ޷ӦϢ
ߣ޷Ϣ
⼸ǲܵ£ںϵģ໥ܸӦ˴ˣǽǰ
һ֤ţӡ÷ʵʵС
׽һ󣺡ֻҪȹĵϷӡ󷨣Ͳҳ֣ӡʧҳ֣Ҳ޷ƽܷӡ󷨣
̣
ĵϱƽѹϷӡ㿪ʼΪ顣
ҲȴţʱŹĵ£ֿΧȻԪҲټɵ
Сǧعģһܿ⡢䣬κ
桭
ڻþ֮еľͻȻ뵽ϹһͬΪȡ
ǾɣϹˣͬһ޷纣ڱǿֲԪӡþĵҲصʵϹأ³Ҳ
ʱľ
رԪӡΪϹݴʱǺξأ
һͬУڱ˿ƣôϹأ
Ϲ٣ɲ£Ůˡȭͷɵ÷ʱУ뽫Ԫ󷨴顣
ϧżϾĵ޷ƵĴڣֻùĵһؽԪӡ顣
ˡ
Ʋ´죡
ȴ֮УϤԪ
͵ؿȥǿӡѱĵһ룬ҲܸӦһ˿˿Ϣ
ӦԽǿңԪֱĵһЩǳˣˣ̫ˣ
·ӡδ飬ԾƷԪ񷨱ѿʼ𵴷ӡ󷨡
ɿȻʵһоǺΪ
ˣ㲻֪𣿡һ
˻Ӻ˵𣿡
ʱˣϹݽ׺֮Ӧ˽ͷзҪˣһɺֱӿأݲҷӦ㸲Ƕ
ǿ֪˭˳֣
Ϊ֪
˭
ǡϹݡ
ŵãȲѲ˵
Ϲݣ
նϣЩϦദ常Ůǵһˣ
ұӡһ̣ҼûзӦ־Ҳڲ֪֮У˿ƻӰ죬ʱӡ֮ͻȻӿ
޷ڵһʱ䷴ӦͷǷӡ󷨿⣬䲻Ƕ֣ҿϹԪзӡ
ҲǷӡһ̣ҷԪҲʼһЩԪӡϧҾͱϹ֮ӡ޷ӦˣԼͨԪ񡣡
ҲżԼ֪渵

˲ţ
ϾĸƤ
ᣬʿΪҳϵѣҲʿ
κ˽пƭԶᡣ
ϿϹݣʱҲڳĬҲΪìܡ
֮Ҳûп
ֱ¡¡飬ĵΧзӡ飬ָɣҡ
ʱΧ硢һԪӡʱ̾Ϊֹ˾Ԫӡغ󣬾һڴ֮еҪ־ԪԶڴˡ
ȴţʱ֣Ҳ޷Կ󣺡йĵ£ʯ޵УҴӻþ֮
ҾƷҲ޷˴ӶӴԪӡʩչ˷ӡ֮ˣȻ޼ǳԽ޼Ĵڣ
ĵҪԪ飬ƻҪһʱ䣬ǵűǣٴǿ߶Сǧ⣬ܴ߶طΪģ㣬Ϲݷӡ֮أ
֮Ҿͱ׷ӡ޷ӦҲ֪ϹݺЩʲôȻŮǷӡңҲ֣˵Ԫ󣬾ֱӳ֣
֮ǰڵʵû뵽·йأ
Ůĺ룬Ȼ˵УҲû壬Ůʿ벻ͬʿ˫ޣߴߣˮʹبŲĵ


1282 ջһ
Ȼйأ
ˣ࣬ǷûУֻбķֻж˵ҳϣ֮£ȴ޷ȥᡣ
Ϲʵ˿ֲܴﵽ޼䣬ƶЩѣǾƷԪʵ޼䣬ܷӡ㣿
ڶʤ򣬱ô׷ɱ֮࣬ϹСʱҶŮʵ޷͸СʵʱϹǿ󣬵ҲųϹʵ
С
Ϲݣ
˵գȥʤݣμ棬ֱʮ׷ɱ֮£СϹݷϵһĻĻ
Ϊìܡ
СһߣΪ˶ʯס
ϹݴӵһǱ½棬ʵɲ⣬ֳַӡһΪʲô
ǳ϶ϹһأҿȻ֣Ǳѣ
Ҿȴȴ
ԼĪǴ죡
ͨԪ񣬷·޾ԨԪĻں֮ţΧԪһ룬Ҳɢ١
Ԫռѻָռ䡣
ͷԪˣԴ߶ңϹΧһԪ󣡡
ãȥҪȺܾãֱӴԪӡ
΢΢תСǧֻǴ߶ǰʮ֮һ
ΪľñͨԪĹĵ£ʱͷŸΪԵ
ƻΪһƬƬָһܿﵽ
䣡
ĵ£﹥ƣһγ˷͵غΧԪӡ
ʱоӣ۶һ֮£Ҫһ˲ͳͳĿ־С
˫һδ𵴣Ϲĵ½ڽʤӴԪӡ⣬һȦȦ顣
죡
һӣɱȥԪɱˡ
ЦǺǶˣΪﵽ޼䣬ٺ٣Ǿܼ˵ҾͿԶԶԸԪ󣡡
߶ƣɲԪϯԪơ
ոոӦ𺳵ţû뵽ڻþ֮УӶ쾳ͻ䣬ȻǶ쾳䣬νͣ
ȳ̶Ȼþþӵ컯֮ܣˣµһеˣһԽ޼Ĵڣ
Խ޼Ĵڣ
Ӧò֪޼ʿһ磬ȻҪ뿪磬̤Ʒɽ磬һľ硣
ԭˣ޼Ȼ۷塣
һʱ䣬ľ
޼
Ǳ½̤޼һֲ̣Ǳʶ
޼ǿһ硣
ͣ޼֮һΪɾҲ֮Ϊɾ
ɾ
ɾ
ɾǷΪﵽ£һ֮󣬾ܷɽ磬ɾΪǷԼֻڴ죬Զ֮еĳ
ڲǶ쾳䣡
ٶȣƼ֮ܳ޼ﵽɾ
ǵɾͷڻþ֮УҲУҾͻƣҸ޷ʵøֶΣ
Ȼڱþ֮Уͻһ磡
ѰԣκþǾûʶɿܡ
ֻ˰ڲ֮ÿȥȥ
ףȷҲžã޼Ϊ޼û컯֮ܣֻ֣ﵽɾϰɣͨߵǬ绽꣡
Ҫ޼ɾΪһɣƷۣ֮

Ͼʶӡ꣬ʶԪҪһʱںϡ
ʣԪ󷨣Ҳһ
ݣ
ͻȻ˫ۣ
Ԫ磬ǰʵ磬Χǿһ󷨡
֮⣬һĵʮԶ
ҲʱעΧԷǿɱˣ㿴Χ󷨣УҲ˽þԭ֮һ
ʱǱ״̬
֮Χһжİġ
ϸϸһΧ󷨣û뵽֮вֹ
ʮͷƯΧǧס
ɫʱ𺳣𾪺Щŷ⣬ȻϹݡ䡢常ĦϹܼҡŮ澵ȵ˵ģ
һģӿ̳ġ
ҡͷڻþ֮УīɽׯӴˡ
ƺֻصþīɽׯһ㡣
ʵǣĵϣֻһ󷨣ֻЩΣûīɽׯҲûгǳء
һжʧˣ·Ϊ档
硭
ȻֻЩΣԼżŵĻĵ
ʲôҲûˣ
ڻþ֮Уīɽׯˣס常Ħ졢Ϲ١ϹܼԼŮ澡
һϤķӰͷ·ٴλصξ֮Уīɽׯ
ЩөЦЩܰ棬·һǰ֡
īɽׯ
һиоǼٵģʵڹġ


1283 ԭʥ
ζ˼֮ʣͷԪˣǵ뿪ߣӦЩ仯һ߶Ҿ鷳ˣ
뿪
һĺ

ӰЩЩӰϢȻİģƷؾֻһ˿˿
·ԲƷ磬ʴˣΪƷĵ֮ϣϢڲֻɴ
֮е棬޷Ӧ֮ƷϢ͸Դӻþ֮лع
Ҳ𺳲ѣˣⲻƷϢ㿴ȻĵΧϢԶرܣ˵ϢԽƷ磬ˣƷ֮⣬ĳ
֮
ǰ֮ƶɣƷ磬ҾӦúܳһʱ䣬ںⷽ磬磬Ҳܿ϶󣬲ǳƷ֮֡
⡭
˵ʲô
ԸԼˣƷʿô
ΪϹƬ׺Լͱǿ߿ƣ
ΪϹݲˣ
ΪζԷɱԼ
Ϊʲô
Ǽû棬Խȥ룬Խʹ࣡
ֵˣǿҪɽ󣬵ɱƴ󣬵Ҳᷢ㣬ܿʱɱ
뿪Ϊϲߣ
߶Ϣɽͳˣ
ԽһϤӰ·ξ֮еīɽׯ
뿪ξعʵ
õīɽׯĸ飬常ػҲһòĽޡ
Լĺӣ
ݣ
ָֻǰϣһɱ
һĽ֮һһ˸߽ӣɽ˲ɱơ
ɳӣ֮У΢΢ͷһЩ
ಣ
Ȼ
汻˵ˡ
ӻĵ߿գ֮УͻȻɳʮǿߡ
Щǿ߷·ϢΪһ壬˲䣬Щ˾ѸӦҲ˲ɱ
ǡʥ̣
ʮֿٵǰЩ˾Ȼһīۣϴھʥһޡ
ЩģŮŮЩ˾ȻīɽׯЩˡ
겻ѣܣǲξΪīɽׯЩˣǻʿ
ͣˣЩ˶ǻʿǴߣЩϢֲڴþ֮УڻþЩˣʵֻһϢ
ִһ֣īɽׯЩˡȻһ̬ƽȻͬ
һԶǿߣǳ¡
浱ʣǶʥ̸֣
ǵģû뵽ʮ֣Ȼɭɭǰȴīɽׯǰ㣬ߺΪ

ˣ
ɲξڿѵģϴ˰ɣڴˣǺΪ
һӣͿ¹򣺡ǲīɽׯīɽׯڸׯ֮ػУΪոͻƶ쾳䣬̫С㣬˼Ԫڴ֮ϢʱǻȥС㡢ׯ
һɵ˼ţֿһˡ˼ֻ뿪īɽׯ
ǣ˻Ӧ
ȴԺĿָֻ壺Ǻһ㣬ϴʥ̣Ǳīɽׯʥйϵ
һŮ˵ҿгЩ⣬ص֮оһһùģ
Ⱥ˻ſڿӣΪ棬˺ƭ˵ʵɣĸϹôˣ
ǷС㣬ȺūһٸӣҲ˺Сˡ
ںδ
ҿˣЩ߻ħħ̫С㣬ٻص󷨣һᣬˡׯС㣬Ի㣬һīɽׯ
ǻ浱ʲô֪ҿͷ죬̤ŵأɲǴ󣬼ȻˣҾ͸ˣ
ಣ
ʱߣʱ
תĵһȥ
ಣ
û뵽Щʥ̸֣īɽׯǿߣٶҲ棬˲ٴνΧס
ӿȭԶīɽׯǴȥǣҵȽȡߣһɽׯ㿴ɳɣ
УΧȥȻǾ͵ҵģһԻīɽׯ
һȥ

ʮһͬƶǰΧ
ӱˡׯڴ˵ȺҵūţΥӺش󣡡
˾Ȼ߶ƣƺҪ֡
;ˣ濴ΧһˡץɽҶԴ˲飬Ϊʲô֪֮ʥھƻƷԴһ㣬Ҳ統ʥǵˣ
߶ͨɱȻ߻ħһжֵĻþҳ֣ӡش󣡡
ݣ
ʥ̸֣Ҳһͬ߷
Χǽ


1284 ׷
鶼ǣ콣з֣ЩƷ羫Ʒʿ
ѣҲɴ⣬ЩΪ޼䣬һ޼ҲûУʵִˣЩִʵ
ߣҾԶ쾳䣬Щһѹ߶ɽٴγ֮

嫽ĻΪģ˷
ȥ
ɽɲǴм
žžž
ɽδͷôһƣ⽣棬ΧɱĽһЩɵ˲ˡ
ʹ죡
ɽɱΧһȦһΧнΪƬ
ʹ죬û޼ڣûɳ½Ҿû˹˼ɣʲôŴִˣħʥԼǻ½治þκˣ
Ȼ߶ɽһǿ߽֡
õɽһ˴ش߶
ˣ㻹ĪЩǿɱʤһͷɱ޻ߣ˼ѡ
ǳʱ
浱ָɽ󷽣֮ٶ̫ˡ
žžž
ɽǰ·ں󷽹ɱһ㣬ɽ֮׾ˡ
ɱһӣһɽ齣֮У糤гĴ̬ش콣֮ɱ
׷
ʥЩˣ
ƺ֮ǰͺж࣬һԿ档
أ
һǱز׷ȥ
꣡
꣡
ǰٷĵʮ֣ٶȾȻһ֣Ҳûоƣ׷š
ˣ㿴죬ǰÿֲͿɳĵܰЩǿߡ
עǰȻ쳣
֮ȥԭ򣬺澹ȻǾŷ籩ﵽǧףγɺХ
Хƺŷڳ˷ɢȥ
ΪΣ
Ϊ𺳡
ԭﺣƲһƣ߿մӺ棬һδ緢ơ
緢߿յƣγ֮еˮĸȥΪ𺳣ܿƬԷǳ
ˣðȷ棬ԸЩˣû뵽زأ֮յţ֣Ҫɱˡ
ȶţ
ʱɲǳɱ˵ĺʱ
ֵˣ㿴һĻǲʥ캣ھƣ
ȷ񣬼һ£ǰ򶯾󣬱캣ӿ£
ʥ̸ǲʥ̡
˵ǰʥھ
䲻һں
ǳ϶ʥ̳ǰֳ캣һģһˣҿʥھ
ҾҪȥˣϴ壬ֳָ棬ƷȻʧ
涯˼Ҫȥ

ʮʥ̸֣ǧ׺׷ɱ
һˣīɽׯߺǰкŰĪȥ
ߡ
ƻ־
ܿһᣬԽֲХˡ
֮Уʼźʬ壬һ߽һߣһЩʥʬ壬ʬ岻̫ࡣ
Ȼʥڸ
ͻȻ棬ðű˻Σգһ߾ʥǿʬ塣
Щʬ壬ǿ󡢻ָ֡
ǴХֲ
һȫһʧ޼ǿߣҲûаգһ
ЩǱɱ
Խٺʬ壡
ʬ̫ഥĿĵĽۡƶǱʥ̸ɱ
ЩߣǧףһЩ
˾޴ߣʵӦҲﵽ޼۷壬֮Уһ޹֡
˲ɼʥɱҡ
䣡
͵һͳ𵴣ǴӸ߿մǣ

𵴣оҲҪѣһ顣
ãֻǴ
һ֮ХܵӰ졣
Ϊ֮Уһɿ¾
ڽʱ䣬ż֮¾ͻᴫһֲ𵴣·ĳ־֮ײ
ٻ
Щʥ̸֣׷һ
ʥǿʬ壬ţҲһɣһʵ
ռʮʥǿʬ壬޼䵽Ϊ
˵УǼʬ壬Ҳڶ쾳ɵģţֶԣһʬ壬ҲԱӡ
ţʬ壬ƴʱʵѾﵽ޼۷壬ʬ֮ܳԽ޼ﵽɾ
ţֺǺǵĺЦû޼ǲռȽϴ󣬰ȷ棬̫ˣӰˣ
Ҫռ䲻̫Ҳ㹻УֱӴնб޼Ϊݣ
ϧǱͰװױӣԼǰˣ֪Լԩģ㻹˺ģ޼ø˼ңţǲͲǸ
ȥ֮£ȥʦ֮ӡʦûйϵͳбسϣԺƱػףΪʦ㱨𣡡
ʧȥ޼
ÿտյģţ־Ҳϰߡ


1285 ټ˫ͷ
ǰ

ʱһ˫񣬱ǰǺ緢
緢ƻ߿գһδ緢񷶼𵴣˺ѡ
Ǵ緢ƣȻΪλǹƣԭ֮е
Χ߿գѾʧȥ˿ֲٶȿݽߣʥ̾ھ
ľսš
Ʒ籾Դ֮еѪʧһ
ƷʧȥԴûһԻ㡣
ҰźХǰһ΢΢ҫ۵󷨲
캣࣬ʥôȻھ
ʥ׺֮ھһ޷ʱϾ׺Լȷʱʥͽȡߡ
ֳǰɳۣʱХԽֲ֮ǹײ࣬֮ս
ÿһײ𺳣һľҵĲҸຣʬ֮֡
Զкʥɱ
⣬ʥ̸ⷽ棬źХɱ
ͫһϡӦʮʥ̸ִǰǺХ󷽴
ϢʥһЩ֣̤źХɱ
ֿ󷽣ʥҪУɲڡ
ʱҲຣȥǰʥ̸֣֮Ҳı׷ɱ׷ɱ
ٶԽԽ졭
Ϣ֮ʥ̸ֻϣɱҲһ
룬޷߶ͨԴ߶ɱ
·ʱʱ̣̿Ի٣ʥ͵ϮΣա
ʱ̫ʱˣȻһͷ˺Ҿѹߣ˵
һЩʬ壬źХڶһЩʬ塣
˭֪һͷߣȻǱХҲͷĿѣ
ߣ˼ˡ
һ¼׹źХХЩʥ̸ֶܺХ˲䣬һкߡ
߲ҽ֮ʣѰȥ죬Ѫ֮С
䡭
漤˻һûˡ

ʥ̸ֽڵڶϢ׷ֻ˻֮£īɫﻹ뺣Ӱӡ
׷
һڸֲδһͷ
ΪһɶΪ״̬
žžž
һҲ
īɫ֮У߷ȥţ
࣬θҺɽ㸯ʴ͵ʵ޷ܣݺŭ
㻹֪ɣ
û뵽ҲӺڴ
ŭɶθҺڻһƷͲţһҲ޷ʴ
ٺ٣
ڣ
θ֮У澹ȻƯš
ЦͻȻͷͻȻһڶιâϷѪϯȥ

Ϣ㿪ʼѪڶ
ʼģĨɱҵԪ񰡣֣вף
Ͷˣ
ֻͷһֹʱò١
ǿƺҲɱ㣬ҲнʣǱˮ򣬺׷ɱң
ʥҪɱ㣿û뵽һ֪Ϸһʥ̡
Ҳ֪ʥ̣
֮ǰ֪֪ˣ
ʱ֮ǰԪĥΪŭȺ˴ӰʱȻ֮󣬾ȻԽȥףھ
Ȼˣǰ캣ҲھֹȴǾһ
ⷽʧȥȱ޷Ӧ֪ھҾʥ̣ǶͬȥֹǽɱЩ̫ɶ̫Ҳɱ˲˾ء
ԭˡ
һЩ׷ɱ֮Уû󷨣ͲǺ֣
¿ɺã
֮ǰǵжԣ񼸾仰ˣĸԸԮ֡
һиҪ㣡
ٶȹȻڼӿ죬𽥽ʥ̸˦ٶ̫ԡ
ִż֮ɫ˵֪Ƭ򣬹Ƭ׺һ޷絺
ԭҪξ֮У常ĦǴ޷絺
һӦ½ٻĴ½֮ƬԼΧ򣬶û޷絺
īɽׯĳ׺֮ڣһ죬ϻв࣡
ⷽԶ½Ҳ׺֮УҲ޼Ϊ꣬ƬҲǴСȥֻп½ǰٻĴ½һЩ࣬ʲôīɽׯû
Ȼξʲô޷纣޷絺ǳءīɽׯõģ
뺣һ˲䣬϶īɽׯľһжǼٵġ
ָӦ󷽺Ļʥ̸֣
ѱԶԶ˦
䣡
ͻȻһϤޱȵײǰӿ
ݵˣƷ
һҴΧһֱײɵģ
ò׻սҡΣǿ֮У꣬Ʒ֮УΪϵĺ֣˫ͷڹʥ̴󣡡


1286 
˫ͷ
⬣ȫһëһǴ̡
뵽ĪаˣһͬǱ½׺׺֮Уһ𺣹ڡ
Ǻ־Ȼޱȣں档
־һͷ˫ͷںڣõһ飬ھ֮еİɫۡ
ܾͷ˫ͷ
úһ˫ͷײԨ֮вĵúͷת
Ĵ죬ڼһɰ磬Ӻֱ֮¡
ƺܳԽ֮磬濴һͷӰʮ޴һŵĹ
֣
ͷԼͷ­żκͷ­ײ磬Χ𶯡
ΧдԼʮͷʵﵽ޼۷壬캣֣Ҳ˫ͷǵ׵Ľ硣
ҲδٴμƷ磬˿ֲ塣
ֱƷԳһЩѪѣβͣ־սҲٿǿ̫֮£˳֮Ὣ˺鰡
߰ɣ
ȷ޷֮
ʩչں˲䣬һұ£ǧ֮С
žžž
֮һ˳ж
֮ûз֮˲ͱƷ򣬳ֲѷ졣
ʹͷ籾Դһᡣ
ˣǶ쾳䣬ںϲٴ½Դ޼۷ͷڰ̵Ц
ಣ
ͷû˳Ǳȥ
򣬴ʱ֮ǰǵ˳˰ףֲòǰһЩȥ
ǰǰ󣬱˳ӿһδˣһδǰһ㿿硣
̫ס
ͻƶ쾳½Դںϵ˳̶ȣ쾳֮¡
ʥǿߡ
Żʮ
˾£һЩâʮҲܿǽ磬ڽڣķƯǽ֮С
Ҳüʥǿߣֱﺣ·֮УٷϷ֮ǲ֮
䡭
˫ͷһƴĹƣ
ײŴԴԽҡΡ
ΧʮͷӴʵ޵еĺֳ磬ɽ·Ҳ޷ֶá
ϧȻ֮дţʥǿʱʱм˴֮·档
ȥ·
Ȼں֮£ʥǿߡ
룬ٻ׺ףǱȥ
ٶȻǺܾ˵ģϾӵа羫Ҳһ֣˵һıԴ
ˣ󺣿Ͽ
ΧԵȻ޴棬ȻʧԵʣʥ˴Ʒ磬ͬھʲô
ǱУҲڸӦΧȻٷ֮һ
ŲϿףԦҲʼ
شԪˣ޼ڲرռǼͿԲڱ֮УԦ֮£
޼𣿡Ժðһӡ
ǿ޼ҲǳԽƷĴڡ
Ǳ񰡣ǱڣǱһЩʯܴ߶޼ǱУ
뱦ԵԺһõ˶෨
һЦ뵽һ޼ڤ
޼޼ڤǽ޼Ĵڣ޼Ԫʣ޼ڤӡ
˭룬ոǣͳ⡣
޼Ҳǿ룬Īа
ԼĪ죬ڿף棺ˣ㿴Ǻ׽֮Уں׾ȻһӣӦôӺףǿ뺣ײ֮¸ʲ㣡
мʥ̸֣Ƿɳ
һȻ
֮Уǽڲ˼Ҳ㣬ȻһӣаףǳԲ˹֮пɡ
Ƕ֮£ðһЩâҲ֪ж
ϧʱ޷ӽ뺣ס

ǴǶڣʱһһӴϷֱﺣ档
֮ǰ߿䣬һЩϧ̫̣Ԧѷǳ
Ǿȵ棬ʥ˵
Ӻϸٶȷǳˡ
һʱܿǿֲϤİ˫ͷ
Ϣ
˭룡
һʶ˫ͷϤϢǵˣи࣬뱾ڣﱾۡ
û뵽㻹ǵңҲţʱ꣬ͷ˫ͷ졣
̣ӵвӦ
ĵ˵ʮ꣬ƷκǱļңմȾϢ˿˿Ʒ磬Ȼеڶˣ
Ϊ쳣ּʥ̸ֳû֮ǰ캣ҲһĻˣҲʥھ


1287 뾨
Ǵ仯ѸӦû⴦ʥ̻ͨʮھھȥ֮УھıԴ
ıԴ
еĴ½ԴıԴȴ½ԴӸ߼Ʒ磬κ֮УΪ̡Ϊ߼ʣҲ˵Ʒ࣬û࣬ͻƷû࣬ջݽߡ
ʥھıԴʵڿɶ񣡡
ǿһͳ죬Գ״磬Ϊʥɽ󲿷ֲƷ磬ǳ£Ʒ֮ϣˣ֮޷׻硣
ȥȻУ
࣬㶮֮취һ֮ʥھһֵıԴֹٻһЩ
á
磡
ŷ·֮Ŀֲ磬Ҫ˽磬ʮ˫ͷС
ˣʩչɣǰ޼ʧȥ㻹ɽ뵽ˣ
˼֮ʣҪ뷨ӣΪƷ绯Σ
뵽Ȼֻзܻ硣
С񰡣С񣬱޼Ҿ޴֮ȫԴ磡
԰
˵꣬Ҳȭͷ
зˡ
˫ͷӦ
ء
к֣ٹ磬з׷׳ˡ
ʣ˫ͷҲ˺һЩ뼸֮󣬿ʼģС˵ʲô
˵껹ָС

Сɲƿնȥ
¡¡
ȥʱСʼ޴󻯣ָС˸һâ֮ʼΪһɡʮɡɡ
ǧɾ޴СƯգӴ̶ȣֻ޷ȵ˫ͷҲ̫ԡ
Ȼھ
෨˵ãƺƷ籦ûһ˿ƷϢӦ編пԴ֮еɽ磡˫ͷҲذ˵
С񡭡
Ŀ⣬ȡ
Сɱﵣ߶С񣬾˵Կˣֻ֮ܿ
䣡
Сˣ
ͻȻһȭһֱȭߣһȭľ׮
䣡
һȭѸײڶ֮ƣǿֲ硣
һ̣桢˫ͷɴӣŽ
ڶϢ֮󣬽Сһȭ򵥹£϶˵λãѷ졣
ѸԱƣȴвһӳΪ֣·ּʼ顣
һ壬κһط飬󷨽Իʧȥڼʱ䷢
ٺ٣ˣ
Сһȭͽ˫ͷԼͷ⣬ӭж⡣

ĬĬ˵ʲôǧɾ޴Сصġ
ʯһ𣬻һڶʤݡСǱ
¡¡
ʱ˿̡
֮ǰ紣֮УγɶԳ֡
ȻС磬ʱ·ʧȥƽ⣬Ž飬ʮȻֶС

캣ѣ̫񣬷һ

ʮ棬ΧҲʼֲ˳ӿ·ܿ죬ƬҲѡ
žž
Ҳһ̣Ϊ鵼ֲ֮Ҳѹÿʼ顣
ˡ
ǰѡСԣԶɶ֮
࣬ȥ
һ취ֻӲͷƤߡ
˫ͷͻȻХ
̧ͷһ˫ͷһԴڴӸߴ㸩𵴣ͳҲᱻ࣬Ҿͻ飡

˫ͷһ磬һˮͻͻͻؾƺ㣬ڶϢͽ֡
һʯͷˮߡ
ˮԽ˫ͷžʼϸҲһ뿪ˮ
䣡
һɿ±֮·ԺףĿˡ
ǱĪǺݣڱ
ھǳʶ
ʥﾭӪϰ꣬֮УǾ߶
ǵıԴ
ʱ飬ƽһܵƣױҲ
ˮ˳ڵĺ棬һӳԡоڡ
󷽲Զ˫ͷһԴҲ֮ð֮ǰƵͳ·ʱ˵࣬ϴ棬ҽ缲ְҽһ⣬Ե
תʱٿ˫ͷԴ񿴵һ죬·ֻصǴ׺Īаˣ뾨һ̡
һ׵ҲʥƻƷ磡
䡭
ʱǧԶǱںͻȻˮ
ʥ̸֣˫ͷŷŭ
ת֮ʣͻȻоһϤϢ
Ȼ󷽺棬ˮ˹һʥ̸ֻ֣жʮˣǱ˳֮зɳ
һˣ֮ͫǴ㵡
˼ʣһգʥǿߣһЩ֡

֮ǰ׷ɱʮʥ̸֣Ҳһ֡


1288 ʥ֮
磬ٴˣˮ³ֵǶʮʥ̸֣ΪߣȻһŮӡ
ŮӻΪϤҲϤİˡ
Ϲݣ
һīۣϢ䣬ΧΪ
Щʥ̸ָϹݺ󷽣һߡ
Ҳ⣬īɽׯϹܼҡ
·䣬һλصīɽׯ
磡
ϹݴЦݣʧһȥ㣬߻ħ׳ħ֮ǰĶٶħʣ߰ɣɽׯ常ĸ
Щ˷ʥǿߣ·ⷽ棬ܿ콫˫ͷΧˮйͨ
Ϲ١
ȻΣǷԳЩ᣺ʲôʱˣͱٶȦӣ常ף¾һڣʲôīɽׯһжξξ޷԰ΣУ
ϹݿȰ磬Ȼħʲôīɽׯλã㿴ΪʵʵӶ쾳䣬̤䣬Ҳκ˵Ļ㶼ԻɣǾ硢Ǽٵġ
˵ڣħţβɣ
ÿ˶ħţ׽ƫ棬ǻȥϢһʱ䣬ħػᱻĨɱ
Ϲ٣ʱ㻹ƭң֪ҲͬһʿƿŲطֲԪӡþ֮УΪֹҲӡΪԸңҲɷѿģ
Ǳ㶼ô
һ侲ִš϶ͻȻϹǷЦȻֹ
ָֻһμǰ㣬޷˿о
浹⣺ԣ㣬Ϲ٣治ףΪɷѿģҪ֣Ҫɱңʱʱ̶̿ǻᣡ
Ȼһж㿴㲼ôֲþ־û뵽㻹ѣ
ʣϹݴʱϢ΢΢ͷţͫΪ䣺ʵֻ常ĸ뿪Ʒ磬û취ʩչһֶζѣħԲƷӶƷ磬ƷڲҲ㻢常ǨƷ磬һȥһ磬¿ʼԶѰһīɽׯһ֮ء
ԭ常ȫ˵ǳ򵥣ȴŪ鷳ڣҲţͱٶתת󷽳ϲǸãɲš
Ϲţ˾ΪϤİˡ
ɿޣµ˵ʲô㶼ȥˣ
㲻ʵ˵࣬㣿̫ңڻһӣʵ򰵲زٶߣ
ûк˵ģ
ûк˵ģңΪʥһ𣿻׾ںδھıԴƻƷ磬Ϊʲô
ҿ㲻߻ħħˣ
ϹݴʱͻȻŭһ֣ʥ̸ͷơ
Ҫôֻܽܶ䣬治мЦЦ
ϹݵպһǨƺһѹˣ
ǣʥ̸֣ߺ
ɲһŵ飺ʥ̽ܣʥ̽ڶʤݼʶ
ħϣҽѹīɽׯȴϹݶͣʮǿ߳ɱ

ڻҪ
֪
֣һˮӺ±˲дһɱʮʥ̸֡
һǿߣ޼߽λȴˮ֮£˲ɱ
ʱ˫ͷΪ㿪Ѱ߰ɣ
ԭ˫ͷг֣˲ɱʮʥǿߡ
޵
ϹʮǿߣոձˮɱָһһȻΧγɡ
ÿµٶȣÿµȻƿء
ǰһ뻹˫ͷ˵һ뾹֮С
䣡
ʼ⾹ȻΪһͷųơƷ׷顣
ӣʵʵ
֣ɱ㣬ɱ㣬þհɣ
汻ˣ
ϹϾͷǣȻв˫ͷ
˫ͷ֮ʥ̣Ҫѹһǲú
˴ߣϹֶ
Ůӷɳ
ء
¡
ǧһʥŮӻδɳԶ·棬ͻȻ˫ͷһţһֱںԴ
ͻȻð棬һſھͽ˽ȥ
Ϲһˢףɶ˫ͷ㲻ú㾨ƤƳΪ߼
ݶ
Ȼ䣬һӰԶ
˿̣˫ͷδûˮУҲӾ죬һӰϡϤӰϹݺ󷽡
һī۵ӡ
常Ħ졭Ѫڵ棬𺳿ˡ
常
ϹҲת
Ȼʥ̸֣·ʶĦһ㡣
ĦҲƺһӰǱ
Ϲ棬һ˫ƽͫ⣬˫ͷԼ棺Ϊ߰ɣħһжħϡ
常
˫ͷ棬Ȼסܴ߷ҵһμ棬һֱ㲻ȻˡͲزأֻһҲһǿߣٹƻңںδ


1289 Խ
ǣȻмּ緶
Ħ쾹ȻЦˣˬʵЦţͷԣȻΪʵΪĻȻܼ
üǿΪʵĻҲܼ
Ħ૳̾ΪһЩֶΣʩչ㴦ڤ״̬ȻƷ磬һԴٴ뿪磬ȥһΪͲΪģ
Ʒʲôõģ˷½䣬˽ܵ飬常ʵϹٸʥ̽ѵƾʵƷ㣿Ҫƻⷽ緽Űݣ
ûȥߣԶ磬㲻֪жãԴжḻ
ҳƷ磬ҵļң
Ʒ磿
ѵǣ
ΪΪĸ룬ʴһЩֶΣҲϧΪ޷˵㣬Ҳֻн£侲֮ڻ׵ġ
﾿ںδ
ģ
Ъ˹δĸ䡣
ĦȻΪ
ֻϹλڴʥ̸֮УһϹܼңξ֮УīɽׯձߣȻϮ˫ͷɱ
ˣ
Ϲܼٶ֮죬Ϣ֮ޣһͲͨ
棬ֲ˫ͷ֮УֻܿϹܼɱ
ʱͻȻըһɹˮ֮ǰ˲ɱʮʥ̸ǰ㣬Ϲܼ
˫ͷˣ
ͷ
ˮ̫£û̺κͨ
Լһ˿˿
ƾȻˮϹܼҷͻϮ
ʵ˫ͷöԺƿ֮ɱȻĺˮơ
ϹܼҴһƾͱһˮʱ顣
ҲǲȻŭһȭȭâںϣɱǧ׿ֲƣˮ¡¡໥ײ
Щˮʯһ顣
ϹܼҸûбˮ֮麣ˮУһҴڷ籩֮еȥ
ޱȳ졣
־Ϲܼ֮ǰ˫ͷЩˮ˲ɱʥʮ޼ǿߡ
ˮֻܼңϹܼʵ޼
Ӧһɾİɣ

һᣬϹܼҷ·Ϳ챻ˮû
û뵽Ħһʥ֮Ϲϰϰ
ϹܼǱˣ麣ˮˣС㣬ͷίʵѲƴ󺣣
˺󣡡
ϹݽɲǻΪһϼ⡣
ϼΧտâΪҫۡ
ϼ⿪ʼ͸ֲֻϹݷɹΧХ麣ˮͳͳһʱ仯Ϊ
Ҳ麣ˮΧգκοˮҲ𽥽ᶳ
λھ棬͸죬𺳿һĻĪãϹܽκϢʣΪ
ϹݽǧףͻȻŴ飬һ̤Ϣǳͨ˫ͷƬ
꣡
Ȼ䣬ءϹͷϢȻǰ·Կʼտ߿뺣棬Ϊɫ
ΪģΧҲڿʼ⣬·ƷϱԴʩչǰΰ
⡢⡭
һ㵣ǰ棬ѾΪɫ˫ͷΧҲǺˮɫӡ
˫ͷҲһɽɫ֮С
ء
о˫ͷڷ
֮Χ⺣棬ʼ飬ˮǿɱӡ
ɱˮδɱϹݣھ뺣׷׷ױΪһ׳۱
Ϲ΢΢ָһĨЩ׷ݡ
Ʒʿ
ʱ˫ͷͷԪ֮
ҲһЩߣƺϹݣ֮УԦأƷʿĪǴԽߣ
̾ͨӦڿơƬأ˵֮ϣֻвƷ

Ϲ˫ֽӡͷųâ
Щâɢȥ˲䣬ѽ˫ͷ棬ͻȻΪ׺
Щƺ޷ڱ֮У˫ͷ֮УΪһﳤǺ״̬˫ͷԴʼס
ء
˫ͷʼ
Ưں棬ڱ㡢֮еԴȻſ죬Χ顣
췢һŭ֮ԴһɽͻȻƾպΧ⡢Ҳڲ顣
·䣬һĻأ˫ͷɽѹ
ϹݿֲͨԼ˫ͷѱѹʱ˿̣ʮź֣彥Χ⡢ʼ顣
ϹҲ΢΢һʥ̸ֿʼ˺
Ǵӱ涼ѿϢǳ磬ƴʮ꣬Ʒһλ磬ʵףҲɱ㣬ҵʵ㶼ˣĪǱƵ潫ɱ㾨ƤƵ
ХλߣԽƷ磬ھߵıԴƷǱļң޼ҿɹ飬治ȶ֣Ҫƴһ


1290 
Ҳ˿ᣡ
ۿ˫ͷҪ
ϹͻȻӡһ
Ϊﵽϼ⡣
ԣϹͷƵĿ״̬
ϼƣһ˲䶼ʼ⣬棺ԸõķʽԺ󺣣Ҫ⸽򣬶ӡڴˣ
̣
˵꣬ͷϼƣȻһ̣Χ뺣ƷȻϢӴϼƣʳִĦǡ
ԺˣϹݵȷƷʿ㿴˰ɣʱͷʵƴͷųʱƷȻγĦƷųΪƷ磡
ԭˣһΪͷĳԭϢƷطų⣬ϹǴ˵֮дԽߡ
ȷǴԽ߲٣Ҳλߣ
ô常Ħ졭
ˣ常ֻһԪϹݼȻǴԽߣλߣôĦ죬ҲӦλߣ
λߡ
ȻϹĦ춼ǴԽߡ
֮ǰ֪Ϲʥ̽š
ֻ֪˫˫ǴԽߡ
ҡͷ˵½ƺҲǴԽߣΪƷһӶλ
ããǺӣλʿǺ֮ƼţЩλ磬λ磬ͻӶᡢλԴλҲ˶飬ʥ˴ھıԴҲҪӶƷԴ
žžž
˼ʣײѹ˴
ԭϹͷŸסס˫ͷһŴԴ
˫ͷذڶ𵴱˽Χ⺣棬ٴײú¡¡顣
Ϲһ̣˫ͷֻ棬̫𺳣Ϲˣս
ѳƷܴﵽָ߶ȡ
û°ɣʵ
˫ͷţΧֶʵСŮӲ࣬ڸΪصǣΪ飬ڱܿƬ򶼻״̬ǱҲ԰ȫߡ
ߣ£ǳ
ȻͷžԪХȥϹ٣ǸҶôһŹǣ֣һϣ֪ʲôˣ
ϹȻȰƷû֮أŴִ˶㣬СҲǴԽߣҲ㣬ֻи뿪Ʒ磬ܣ
סҵĻ
ʧ
䡭
ͻȻΧϹݱʮԶˮԼ⺣棬ͻȻһֲѷ졣
ǵѷ죬Ϲʩչ⺣棬ͻأ˺ѣҲΧˮҲγһﳤѷ졣
䣡
桢ϹݡĦ졢ϹܼԼʥи֣׷𺳿ǵͻأγɵѷ졣
˭֪
ѷ죬γʮݺᡢγɣһӽԶпɼ֡
ѷຣˮΪ𺳵ǣһ麣棬ͻȻ䷢ӺʧΪһӡ
ѡ氵ˡ
ߣܿѣıԴߣؽⷽ
˫ͷҲ¶𺳡
žž
Դݺݷסıָϲ١
֮Ȼ֣Χ⺣棬Ҳʼ飬˫ͷ¡һ׽Χ𿪡
һűĴԴͻȻˮ̧ͷ⺣ײ顣
һ˫ͷʼû
ᣡ
ϹݶȻһ
һЩȻˣȻס˫ͷһԴϡ
֪ϹʩչͨͷͷЩѱȻᣬֱϹݽһͷץס
ˣ
˫ͷ̫Ӵֲ̫
û֮£ҲϹݣҲһ·
һͷ֣һŮʿһǰһ֮£һ֮ǰʥ̵Ǵ֮£Ȼѣһ
ٿǴףʲôףȻһ޴ڲĺ״ڶ
ЩǴڶ֮С
ڶڣʥ֮ǰ磬ھԼߵıԴĵط
˫ͷ磬ʧȥƽ⣬ʧȥıԴƽⱻƣڿʼ
޷ߣ
ǧ֮£
˫ͷ󷽣ԶǴѡ
ζסԴ޷ѣϹں󷽣ץס
Ϲ٣֮£ɲ½أ
˫ͷһԴͷţ㾹ʥ֮ʥ̲ŵꡭ꣬һγǱ½ʱĪʱŽʥ̣
ϹһεǷǳϣӦʥֻҵ߶ѣƷԴû뵽˷ḻߣкܴôʥ̶Ҷԣпޣ
Ӻҡҵһˣ常أ㾿кĿģ常
常ΪãƷʲôõģһλ磬λ磬ʮͬ޼һ侳磬λʿȻλʿǿʮǴ㣬ں𣿡


1291 ı
黹ûʣλƷֻһĿģӶᣬΪףһͻ˵αŪô飿ֻӶƷԴҲң𣿡
Ǹ˵ͨһ常ħʱףһһΪã
һ޷Ը
գ˫˵һȥ
ʧͬϹҲǳʧ
ʱ˿̣Ϲ˫ͷ
Ϲݻƣ˫ͷϿʼ֮ѹ顣
֮һ񷣬Ϲٲλ磬Ҳһ֮Ʒ翹⡣
¡¡
󷽣
ΪֲƺǧԼϷ򣬽ͬʱݡ
ϹҲע󷽣ҲžĿ⡣
ء
˫ͷһԴͬʱ棬ͻȻͬƵģȻ򳯺Ť
Ѹײڶ֮ƣһڴӺϷҧס
䣡
һڣɼ˫ͷݶô
Ϲס˫ͷǶ˲顣

޷ס˫ͷϹݻڶԣͷԿѹȣں׷ᡣ
ٶȾ˫ͷֻһЩ
˫ͷ֡Ҳ
ھ棬ָӦһ׷ɱϹݣͷԪϹ٣ʵǿ˹ͻȻ뵽ʱڶʤݣСԿǿߣʱֳʵʱྶͥΪʱʩչʱʵʩչСҲ뿪
Ϲ׷ᣬʱҾͲСϢƷڲϢǲƷĴڣҵ֪⣬Ȼܱ¶ʵ
ôڶʤݣʥ̸ִɱ붫ʤݣ֮Уҵ׷ɱʱʥ̾ͻȻʱ֣ĪһУ㰵пʥΪ
ϣ벻󣡡
Ǹʥ̽ŮӣҲֻһ֣
ʥ̸֮һҲŮ֮һ
𰸣ŭʲôҲ֪ģ
ԭ
֪Ϲݺǿ󡢺ء
ƽʱ࣬ԸһˡҲԶʲô
˭֪һͨŮӣǴԽߡλߣ
ֺ֪η뿪Ʒ磬һʹ඼ʧʱ¿ʼǸã
ϹֵĻӦ֮󣬴ʱѱ˫ͷ˦ǧס
֮ΪֲϹٶٴֻܵܿ˫ͷԾٶǱ
ıԴʧ޷Уһץ㣡
ϹڷȻͷԪ͸ȥ
ܸ˺һǺڣҲӦһ䡣
ȡ㡭
Ϲݺܿͼ˫ͷӰӡ
ѡĿֲӿҲûһЩɽҲ˲䱻ûΪ

˫ͷ׵ǱܿףԼԨ
ǺҰӿٺһ̿ʼߡ
Ǿֱ𣿡
վ͸˫ͷ⣬ܸоⲿƽ
ԶѴĳ뿪˫ͷԶȥ
ǾȥΧȥٻĴ½ɣͷ׹꣬ң
һͷ꣬ɳ֮ȻˣеݴǿۣʵӦһۣҴϢ֮УӦǿϢҲںϰۣõһ
˵ǿۣٺ٣ﻹֱ

ںϰۣȷܴ
ɫİ
ǱһЩʣõģƷҲҲһ飬ͱ̫Ǵ˵ǿۣҲżȻʱ׹ģ
˫ͷһˮ
ء
ʱȻвٺֵͳط졣
Ӧ֮ŵòᡣ
֣ͷǳӴ˫ͷ־ۼ
ߡױʲôС
ԽԽ࣬Ȼ˫ͷΪ죬ʮϣͨڸԶǱС
оǨ㡣
ݣҲȲѣҪ뿪Ƭ
ڤһ֮ϸֺ֮ɫ
βйĵ£ԼСǧҪϹ١常ʥ̿ƣ
ĵСǧСǧԺʯףħϲģʱûߣʱڿң
û뵽СΪʯ׶Сǧ˲ֲ÷ħۡСõʯף
ϧ޷ʯס
óٵҩԴɣ
֮ǰռʥǿʬ壬ٴ߷ɲԼѪɫһ߾߳Խʬ壬ֱӱɡ
ˣһλָҲΪ泩ڻþ֮ͻƶ쾳䣬ڿԳ۷塣
һº˫ͷȻСӣ뿪Ƭ֮ң㿴󷽣ѻڳ


1292 ¹
ʥǿʬ壬ϸԴ
ھ޾첿һδγ֮С
Ӧ󷽣˴֣ǹƶǿֲ˳
û뵽Ҳ˾캣ˡ
Ӧ֮У֣˳ܶҿεı캣ǴذٱβҲƷشӰ졭
Ҵʮ꣬Ҳδ˴ģѣƬˣټ⼸ߣٲ֣ػΪһƬʱȻϾסһƬ򣡡
ں֮𣿡
ں֮һλܾܲ죬ڰٻĴ½棡
ްԣҪˣ
ȻƷף֮еߣסƷرǨƷ׺ɣ仯ļ֤ߡ
أ
ָ˫ͷУٺʵǿʮٱ
ϧ£˫ͷߣοЩ֡
ִԶ׺ٻĴ½ȻԵĺ
Ҳ߶濪ʼӦ
Խһ׺ǰǰٻĴ½ƬȽǳ˫ͷһǱȥ
˿̣ҾȸҪȥ׹꣬ʲô£ҪҵĻ˵һ
ٻĴ½ҲܵӰ죬Լģ뺣棬мһݡ
ݰƮȥ
Զѿ߶ٶȷٻĴ½
ԼĪʱԶԶٻĴ½ӰӣҲڳֶڰٻĴ½һƶ
ҪģŴִˣ̶ʱ䣬дɱٻĴ½Ѱټ
賤ԪҲŴ
ߡڰٻĴ½ҡ
ʩչѪܿͷ棬Ϊһͨʿ
ٻĴ½Ҳǵһ̤˷½֮У붫ʤһλ֮еĴ½
һƬٺϷӷڴԪˣ帽һΪ¹ȡյ֮ţүүģִˡŴ֣ҲУٻĴ½Щˣ
¹ȣ
ܿһԪ־֯ɵꡣ
Ա֮ǰٻĴ½ϸͼ¹Ⱦڴ½룬塢̡
޼šǧɡ
û뵽ǰﴦ޼ɢǿߣƳڵ޼ţжʮӡ
ӡڵǧڣҲǧһƽԭ֮С
һЩǴյءĵأٻĴ½ֻʮ֮һ̡
󲿷ֶ塢̡
ǰߣȵӦ޼
Ӧþ޼ţ
ǣû뵽޼ŵ֮УҲء帣ϢҲжʤǷؾ
˵޼ŵмǿߡ
Ī޼ţѱʤ£
Ƭ̼䣬ž׹
ɱڶ޼޼һӵùֶΣ
濿һЩӦȷӦ֡
Ȼ帣ءزٸ֣϶ʤݣ޼ǿߡ
ǰС
󣬽ǧǺȺɽֺʱʱ̱̿ƺţٻĴ½һյء
Ϣֺܷ컯쾳޼оֻصΧǺ
ಣ
һçͷâ֮г֡
ٺ٣ˣҲ͸͸ˣԭţ֡
NɪھŴֶܶڰٻĴ½Ѱң׷ɱӿɲù
ţ˷ܣ죬ǰһ
˽飬û桢һ£ţԾٶԽɽ롣
ţҲʼ컯ΪˣרϾţǴĴûΣ˽⣬Ҳﵽһ̶ȡ
õо洫ţ컯ܿ
Ҳʲô
Ϊţ캣꣬ʵҲ޷ﵽɾΪһɴ
У
֤ྶͥҪԼȥǳѡ
Ϊ֮󣬽ա˽幹죬๦ĥ֮󣬴ٶȣȻ԰ٱǧٶߡ
ţֻ켣꣬㲦Լ컯Ĳǿ󻹲ˮɣ
ʵѾ޼̤ɾ
֮еţ˫ͫʱЦǺǣˣСϢǰ
ǰӦþλڰٻĴ½¹ȣ
温ǰ޷γɸ״оһڴϡ
Χɭï̶ܳȣҲ콫ɽû
ǧ׽ԱɭָǣִУ桢ţʵܸӦΣϢͨʿԽյأζҲ޷Ը
Խյ֮еʯ֣׽ϢǿϢ


1293 ;
Ȼ
ȴΪ⣬ŴϢвˡ
ţɭɭǸӣо涼ʳˣɱЩˣ׷ɱ㣬ûҪǿ
ڻûҪȥСϣյͱִǿ߲ס
֮ǰȥ
ʱʱдﵽ޼ǰϢյ֮ݷ½ȻߵĴڡ
ڰٻĴ½ձ顣
ԼĪ죬ǰЩζʪ£ͻȻͻأ³һЩԨԼڵš
һЩһ߶ҡӲ֮гûЩȻž綾𿴲һҧһ޼ǿߣҲñ
̫࣬Խȥ
ɶԣЩʲô
ţǰ³ƣָӦһ޴ɽȣҲ֪ж
֨֨
һЩ򶷢˴ڡ
һʱԨҲˣѰϢܿһ֧ӣӿ
ߺߣʳﻹ࣡
ţͻȻſ죬һںڣȳζ硣
ȥЩ֪ĵԨڷӿǣһƬһƬţһ
Щ򶡢ҲҪɱһţ˰ԵŵЩƻɢȥ
ǧֻԨţ¾ƲˣԵøɸɾЩ֪ˣҲʵˡ
ţ󷽷ǰ֮Щﶼſ־ڰвҳû
漸ǧԨǰһټ󡢲֪ྪ˵ɽȡ
˵ɽȣһյء
ɭȻïܣ߷ǳ֮гŸζٰ׹ǣеĹƲûã㱻ֹԵֻʣѪǡ
ԪˣҪģвǿߣЩţרɱ㣬ɱ㣬Үʴͣ
һ⣬Үʴϴ캣ûбХɱߡأ
Ҳڸһǧǿߣ޼ǸǳԽ޼Ĵڣ
û£͹
ˣʱƻһϹ֣Ҹ˵ˣѣ
Ϲ
һֻ꣬Ҳ¹ΪǿߣȻҲǰٻĴ½֮У֮һãϵǶԹšˣ
У֪ˣ


ԹţһǳԽţ֣ӵаʵ
ﲻ
ţźϢѰȥ
ţСɽ
벻ɽһ֪ж󣬺ûһ˿һƽ
ӺɹͻȻоԶʤʿϢ
ڰȴϢ󣬼ʤԺʿȴӺ֣帣ءһЩǿߡ
ϤϢ
˴Ӻ֡
Ŀ⽻֯㣬һЩŮʿ֡
Ӻ󷽾ͬ棬һţӡ
ǶΪɱҶΪ޼Ҳ˵Ŀǰ޼Ϣûд
ɳ½Ϊңűִ˶ϣٻĴ½ҲڽЩɳ½ΣҲ⣡
֮ΪܼӡЩˡ
ܴӺȥ
˴ӰУʮ⣬ּһЩԭ¹вٺΪɽɭָʮָ

ѰһƬ֣ţŽ룬ǰȻһ࣬ٵĺ
Ӧû뵽һŮһŮʿʬԱߣҲˣΧһЩڱƽ
ЩȻޣʮɳʮͷƺŵѪζŮʬһγɰΧ
ŮҲʮ꣬һڲϧûȥ߶ҲֻɱһɶԶǿЩ
ţһſˮƵģˣǿڵӦһƷٺ٣ǾˣŮӰѾߣ

ҲǿڵһƷ
һҲŮӡ
һǰһ󿿽Լʱ͸Ӳݣһͷͷ㣬Ůɡ
֮лܼһЩ֫⣬ڣҪŮҲһ⡣
Ůʬ壬š
ಣ
ţͻȻӰգ̤Ӳݳ֡
ͻͻͻ
ͷֱվһǸ壬ֲ֮ɽһ𵴡
䣡
ţֻһţһɨ㽫ֻԴˡ
СȥԣѪţ͵ؿΧͫ·ڱը
䣡
һͫΧͷȥ
һͷͷը
ٺ٣ҵģСӣ
׽ţͻȻŮ϶ˣ˲ء
Ůǿʵסţһץǿڵţ߬ġ
̣
ԭΪȡ
һƷҲƷ磬ҲȷǱˡ


1294 Թ
ţ߬Уһ˲䣬ǵ֮УȻӿֲֿ綾ţ֮Уը
Һ
ֵţ޷Ӧֱ۶ǶҺҲմȾ٣ҺʴƤʹţ໽УҲ˲ϵ
áŮͻȻһԾֳ塮ʬ塯һ䡣
ʬ徹ҲһӻΪһֵŮŮͷƣΪһӡҪţӡ
Ůǳ˷ܣȷִΪǽ
ಣ
һӰţԱߡ
ˣ綾򵥣ԾѪ⣬޷޷
ţһ棬Ǹģ·Ƶġ
ֺݺݶֳֵŮСɱǣҪ˱νǸʰˣ
ͷʰǽã
ŮһһֺǺǣƤ΢Цš
˴һͻȻ˫ֺʮ

˭뵽ƬӣԼЩʬ壬ͻȻ俪ʼûӲݡʯҲˡ
桢ţо·ǰһĻĻڻû·Ƶġ

ûУͻȻΧѪ죬·ΪһڵĴθ
ûˣһжûˣ̶ʱΪѪܿռ䣿
ʱŮһѪռ䡯
Ѫռ仹û˿ΧѪ֮Уð˶Һ̡
⻹꣬Ѫ֮צӣҲѪܵģ޵צӣץ
ţɵκͨΧǶ̡ҺǾͲһˣˣˣǸ˽ӣ
ҵҪж׻
˵ʱʱ죡
ѪռȻЩѪצӣƷǳ
˲䣬ڴˡ
һĨĨ׹⣬۰ΧȻ
˹ƣ̫ͻȻЩѪצûɱ׹Լɨ˷
߳߳
·и׹⽫Ѫצ˲гѪ׹˷ɱȥ
ѪռҲǧ׾롣
ͷ׻ƣڶϢ߳߳ΧѪڡ
׹⹥һھ޽սѪڿռ˽ҿӣһӱƷ
ϷΧϤֺ
ᣡ
ŮţæӡΧЩֺһλûֳΪѪܿռ䡣
治ΪȻ䰺ףߣϣȷҲţҲǵĵ
ݵò񣬿ǽʵŮӡ󣬸඾̡Һ
ˣ綾
ţˣʲô£Ǿ綾κĿǡ
ָֻһڶҺû֮ʣţ
ˣ
Ϣ
ƬѪռ䣬Ƕ̡Һֲָ
ŮҲ˿Ҳž
ոһݣ
ȥ桢ţ³ⲻ֪һڽͬʱѹǲϡ
ǺһȣɱҶ⽣ۣ
㾹¾綾
ŮҶ
ܿ棬ҺǣմȾپ綾ж̲ţȻһҲûС
΢΢֮һ˲䣬ΧҺʼʧ
ͻȻһƺÿ𣺡ССͣʵȻ
ǰһӦȻûзﻹ˴ڡ
ֻ˵˲ʵԽ֮ϡ
ಣ
һϢƾճֵķ籩潣֮£Ů
֮Χѧռ䣬һλûָܿһֺͨ
綾ˣ
ǰһ֮ͤǰŮ·ͤվһţӣ׷Բﵭ档
ߣ˱
ûо綾
ţȻһ綾ʴ˿ڣһŭɶģһ˲ɱŮ
ֹ֮ͤеţͻȻţ󷽣ֻ΢΢һЦţȻͲܶˣŵ˫ۣҲͻȻðһ͵Ĺâ
ţ󾪣ţԭͬˣ
ȫѹţţ֣ȻţƢŹ㣬һֱûȥ캣㣬㵹Ǹ
ǰһԹţͻȻͿ
ŴɫֻصͤţҲָɣȴٸǰ벽
Թվͤ·һͨţȴʲôˣ㵹飬Сģ
治ΣԹѹţôһǰʵǣƬյ֮ǰ͸ᵽǰ
ǽݽãҲͬһ壬СλǳˣϧѾͷûˣŷֶʤЩͷ׷¹ȣǿִˣ֮УмͷҲûжٰѹƣ
Թž˻Ƶص·˵ĳĹ£ǰٻĴ½꣬δɱСѾͷ֪Ϊʦ㣬ִΪ塢˴鷳žԳС˶Դ࣬һࡣ
һ̣׹֣֮µȷٻĴ½鷳ʵڹⲻȥ


1295 ͷ
ԹֵСΪ㣬鷳ǰٻĴ½죬ȥҪһ˵ҲֻܶСܲʣ¹ȣҶٿӦţ
汧ȭŷģֻСԱߣκҲ˺
ϣ˵Ų㣬ȥȥС棬дִˡŴǿߣΧˮйͨҪνСƽߣ
ಣ
Ȼ䣬Թ˵ꡣ
ͤƾʧŮҲӰӡ
ҾӦһ˿ϢԼȻԹʵжɲ⣿ͻȻоһ䡣
ٻĴ½Σգȴ֮УҪΣհٱ
ŴҲҴ֡
ţ˴ǰˣǸԹһĴʵӦóԽ޼ԽҲ٣
ٻĴ½塢̣Ȼߣ
һȥ
ȻǶʧ֮û뵽ֳͤˡ
ԹŶһˣ߶ֻëꡣ
һֻë꣬˫ˮĿԹţţΪٻĴ½鷳͸ý£壬˷һСþܻصˣ
ţһͷޣƷ磬Ϊ֮ӵҵӵеСӳСҲΪȻԭ򡣡
ˣ
һ磬һϯ
Թֻë꿴գﾹȻһ긾ŮֻǿĲ̫
Ůʮ翣ɭָ߿ƯʵǸղǸСӣ棿
û뵽ҲӦˣԹź⡣
СҵĺˣںϣôǸϣȻСϢܸӦҲ£Թˣ
ԹˣʵҲΣ壬һδܳΪƷͷĴڡ
ֲСΪһҲգ˻м£ոոӦ忿ǰٻĴ½һּڿ½ХһɹɺХǴ½캣һɾ޴Ҵ½Ҳһѡ
ĪھѾʹǴ½彻ⷽҲ
ȥ̽ȷʥھһҲǣʥıԴҲھ١
ΪǲͨǣһֻסıԴ
һ͹ˣ˵Ǹʥ̣λߡƿصһ˫ͷҲѹǣ
ֹ
һ£֪ͨǣҪǹռ½ռ鱨ǻҲλߡԽߣ½½Դھȥ򵺴½ҪŴĵ̣Ҳˣڵģ캣ٻĴ½Ҳᱻʥ̡ǻϡ
ΪͻȻôλʿԽߣҴʮ꣬Ҳδһ𣡡
Թƽģ̲ס߶⡣
ֻë꣬Ҳشȥ
֮λ긾ŮҲ˵ż¼ţһλ緢λ磬һɡӶᣬѹūȲѵĻ廹Ҫ
ʥ̿еıԴȻѾڿʼӶƷԴԹ˵
ȶԸӿЩֲХ캣ϴξХ֮һΪƽأͿ̿
긾Ůһ޵ʧ
֪ͨˣ
ԹҲֻë
нʮ꣬£Ϊգû뵽֮еλߡԽߣҲ֪Ʒ磬ЩλƷ硭
ֺ֮УԹžһ̫̫ͨ
¹ȣһЩɽָֺ̬֮͸ΣϢ
һЩԨȳɭ֡ɽ֮䡣
һЩŴӣִǿߣʮΪһ飬һΪһڣΪһˣټյؽʩչӦѲš
˫ȻͬĿ⣬Ӱǰ
ţڰţҡͷϴСǰһԨڲţִ˷ܣиӦǸȥ
׽Ƭ̣滺üֻнЩҵķȥԶѰһԨ߶ϢУŴִ˸֣ǻܿӦҵϢ׷ɱ뿪ҾС棬Ȼϣ
ٺ٣
ţNɪţóһ飬̺Ϣķ
ಣ
ţ󷽿ٷȥ
㣬ţȥʮ⡣
ϢܿǿͷţִһϿȡ
ţѡһںǸΣԨյأ¾ŴѰңҲѰһʱ䡣
ԼĪһᣡ

һƬƴǰƬӦյس֡
Ӱˣ
ͷߡû뵽ӡӡҮʴЩ֣Ҳ˾ۼ
˫ֳһǰһһһңǧˣţǷٷȥ


1296 ޻Ŀ
ء帣ضǿߣۼǧʿҲ֮׷ɱȥ
ߵĲˣߡ־ͷ
ȴţ
ԼĪ㣬ŷǰ
ѲߣԼ٣뺮ӦСҲԨӳ
ӦȴţƽһʱӦʮ⡣
ţҲˣִϵˣߡ𣬻м޼ʵǾɱζԨ֮Уƺܿҵ
ϴ󣡡
ڷڸӦһˡ
ɲһĳ
¡
Ӧ󷨱ɱһವһǻΪĺ
ж
˸ո棬ΧһӰ֡
֮ӳǧףһЩִִߣԶԶǣȻϳ棬Щִ帣ء׷ɱ
ſ򣬺ǿģϴû£ҶкʱҴԵģ
Ҳ˿ʲô£ԹſɲŹңߺܿᷢٻĴ½ﻹи˵յأȻЩʵǷٻĴ
ȻУ¹ȸһյأΪ޻ĿߡǱ½Ҫ󼸱ﴦζǸֶﻹзǳ飬ΪԵʣ޻Ŀߡһֱ塢Ľأ
޻ĿߣǾȥҲ飡

һһ۷¹ȥ
ٶȲ̫죬ԼӦִˡŴں׷
ˣ
Լһʱٶȷ뿪¹ȡ
ţڴӺ׷
˻֮ڿͬС
ʮ
Ŵ׷ɱš
ȷˣ棬·ӣڰٻĴ½ǵˣֻѡյضȥܾܿǰٻĴ½İ޻Ŀߣ
Ү֣һɱɣ
Ȼаħ
ҮʺţڽϾҪɱ档
ಣ
вپŴַ
סӡҲˡ
㣡
ͬһƬ߿գʩչա
ӰжãѪսǧʩչȫǲòִ˺ǰٻĴ½ǧɲ̫ǣԺ塢岻Źǣ
֪һСģǧɾ޼ţִ˿ƣ
оƵϾҲǳüҪִˣ׷ɱ档
𽥱û
ţ֡潥֮Уźɫˮεյֺ
ǰϢ·ճųȥںģǳġ
ٶȷһЩ֩룬Ŷ˿
Щ˿֮УŶٹʬǱӴٱĹ
ţҲǲı
Сţˣǰ޻Ŀ߱Եڲдؿߣ඼ףڲ̺̫飬ʮǰ޻Ŀ߱ҰٻĴ½Ĺأϧ齥࣬ڲ洦ɼϸ־綾Ҳҽ
ǰϤζһһ
Һ˿ζںһ𣬿֮жǶ
һЩ棬СֻаƴСȴȺӣǰֲ
ȥ
뼸ʱ֮жǾ綾ţָϽִֹͣϢԽԽ
СҲֵطֲ̫־綾ںϣָӣ
˼Ƭ̣⣺գܷܿճһռ䣡
תֱԼǷճһͨڱִˣҲͨ׷ɱ
Сţû취־綾أһڣҲҪʧȥ
򡭡
취
ˣִ˾׷ɱ֮⣡Ҳڰѡ
ˡ
ڣ
ӡ忪ʼըȻˣΪһһɾ˵Ѫ
ѪŻ棡
ɲ
ۣŵòΪš
˲䣬ΪѪһӵǺεΪ
ٽ
ѪϷȻһ

ţСٳɣѪ֮С
ѪڣΧڷգκβ֣ȫǷ״̬Ѫռ䡣
ڵ棬ħۣΪһѪʿѪʩչѪħоħ۾ħ񣡡
Ѫһֲ࣬綾յأɲʩչǰħǰͨҲȥɣ

ɶɲΪѪ״̬ʼǰƶ
һѪƯڰա
̣
յأѪЩ˿
ʱ䣬綾ֲֳѪΧŶҲʴѪ
ѪΧẠ̊́Լ̻ҡ
綾Ϸա£ѪȻǿǰκɡնѪӰ첢ԡ


1297 ԭʯ
Ѫ͸ǹɻ֮ȶҪֲ
Ѫʱ˿̣ڶ磬ƯƶӶ֮Խ
䣡
Ѫռ䣡
ţľսģ
ۿʩչɲȻǿкɾ綾ռ䣬ȴҪ
綾޷壬һ˿˿ѪŰѪơ
Ҳעǰ޻ĿߣԶڵ·һЩӦϢ
˵һƬɲ
أ
ʩչЩѪڡ
ٴ߶ѪɫࡢԼЩ٣ѪգΪ
ǡôһĹ
Ԩؿ߿ռ䣬Ѫ˼ǰǾڡ
֮£ȻһЩڳûȴ֮ǰࡣ
һƹþʯ޽ķĹоš
ͬʱӴϤʹӡ΢΢
СѪɫռ俴ǰĹ޻ĿҲδ塢֮УйڲһЩĹй¼ӦʮǰٻĴ½캣Ĺ
ҵӡзӦƸûСģ
£
ǰΧҺ汻Ѫ֮
ಣ
ѪΪ汾𣬺ţҲ֮֡
ͦ׳۵ģĹ
ţ򼸺ռĶĹĹ͸Զŵ£Լž
ƣ
ݳۣ
أ
ĹǰţһڤĪȥϷбġ
ǳĹأ
һ۶Ĺй¼һʵͨ죬꣬ͳһҪһϧ٣֮󣬱ڴˣ
ţҲͦ⣬ž⣬ѵ˱飺ɽٴǵȷʵܸܵģɾɣһĴڣһҲûжɽٴ
߶ǰ
Сţһͬ
һԹ۲Χ棬ʱǿĹڣˣƺĹƻǿĹЩʯף౻ƿ
ʮǰ֪޻ĿߣҴĹأĹߣھĹȡ屦ҲĹģɶ࣡
ֻСһĹڡ
桢ţӰҲĹţϸϸһĹЩݣʯġ
ϧֻʣһЩʯǣ
ЩߵʯףһʯĥɣʯԽʯ֮ϣǳ½ԴƷΪıʯ
Ȼ
ȻȴΪߡ
ĹձȻý̻Իͣһֱܡļţ
ĹҲӲݴܼطھۼһЩڷȥڲҲлˮ
ԶԶܿ벻λ餣Ҳ˿
Ӧñܶˡ
ȴһ󣬼С뿪
¾ǶԼʯ壬˯
յһֱڷӡ֮Уʱ£ӭ̤㡣
ţӺ󷽣湪ˣִ˱˦һξ룬Щ˿ɲСһն׷
һЩǾҵطӳȥʱо´ӡǷʹӦԽ
ˡ
ڸֹŹʯ壬붾ӹͷɢ
ﶾûΧǰֲҪ߶ɲ
Ǿʯ壬ʮһʯ崣УֻЩ
ǡ
˸ոշɹʯ徹Ȼһ˫ͫƶ
ʮɣʯ徹ȻͻȻһԾ
û˿ʯݾһֻ޴ӡ
ʯ塯ʱ߸ڲԶһ嶥ܿ˫ȡ˫ۡԼһɫԴ
˫۾ͻƻˮ沨⣬΢΢طš
ˡ
˷׺
ʯ塯ٴθ߸Ծ𣬴ʱչȻһʯˡ
ʯ˸ԼɣڿٶȡԼ壬ûз˿
˷ʯ˾ں󷽸š
񡭡ʲôǣ֮ڸоԾţȻת
󷽳ӣʣ¼ʯ塣
вԾ
תǰţɨһţ뺮˳߳Ƿյطȥ
ԭȻǴʯ塢֣Լ
еĴʯ塣
һЩ˹⿿棬Ȼ䣬ǻĵ棬˷ɹӰӰӡ
˿֮Ҳ˿Ǿ֣һŴӣӰӺ󷽣ȻһӰ
Ӱ·ڿӰӣޱȾˡ
ಣ
˲ת
ʯôڸ߿ԾأȴĿæһһʯ塯Բ˼ġԾʧȥ
ţɪɪţ磺֣Ǵؾ֣þһʯ֣ǾȻû֣
ԭ֡
СҲ̾ΪǼЩǿЦԭ޻ԭ֮£лԭʯ֡
кβ濴
ǰٻĴ½кܶ壬Ҳо֣޻ԭ֮£һ壬Ϊ塯ˣܳʮʯ֣࣬һֱڰ޻ԭԨԭĴڡ


1298 Ⱥ
壡
˲õģ٣ǺܵСϲռԸ˳
˳
ɣ
ôһʯ֣š
ؿΧҲƷ磬Ϊϵ֮һ塢ҲԿȣֻߣ꣡
½֮УȻбȱĴڡʶ壬һѱţҲżСġ
˼ǰյؿѰҳ·
ȻסӴ͸ʹӡʹУ񵱳ȥɳ½һġ
ٹһһЩðϢʬǣΧû˿ϢĻĵأλߡ
顭
СţԲҾ顣
ûɳ½ǰܼҲʮ֮࣬е࣬еǴ
黹ǸһЩЩ飬ɳ½ЩΪǿ
κһ飬ʵ޼
Щ鼸Ƕʬǣҵ壬ȻҲмаԹͷԪǾûж飬ΪʱΪ塣
ţע󷽣ʵСԼ棬Χһ󲿷ָӦ֮ͨУˣִ˸ǿ׷ˣں󷽼
ߵҲͨ޵УҲ޼ΪǴ˵֮еĵɾֻж顢ߵĽأӦǲϢ
׷ˣ
ûа취ˣǰյأҲִˣҿǸҲ׷ɱ
ٺ٣ϴɲ飡
Ҳȥ
̣
Ϣ֮һЩͲϢ
Ѱţܿˡ
һʱ䣬ǻյ֮УӣɽֻǵѣһЩа汬
Ԫаƣ˷ӿаƣ˸Ӧ֮УһƬƬӿ
ۣҲܿһа񺮷磬ʼɭ춯
Χһ˫˫аͫסǡ
һһ飬ɱ
Щ飬ǹħִڣںһЩ飬ʮӴҲӣײϣɱ
˴ʱ˿̣ѱΧΧû˿·
鿪ʼ̵аԪƣ˶ԣֲԪ˳
ˣԪǴĶ̰壬ˣţƽʱޣھͿͰͲ󷽡
߶Ԫ񷨱һԪΧǡ
ͣ
Ԫа鹥ƣˣΧײа棬Ща飬ƵģͷŸа
֮лſ綾
־綾綾Ķ࣬һմȾ綾󲻵ᱻ
棡
̶̱ʮϢ
벻齻ּغϣͻȻһŭХ
Үʴͣ
濴֮ǰǷŴִ˸֣ǧԶգ̤ŵһͬͷƣ𿪾綾ڶ
˶
һ޷Կ޻ԭ綾˶֮Уʩչ磬ͨ
棬ڵˣ
һЩ֣ԶԶڿߺ
涼ʶЩˣܼӡӣбС
Ҳס
ߡˡ
ǰһǧ֮࣬Ҷ޼Ϊͷųĺƣնϼ⣬ΧյӳøΪء
СȻˣ㿴ǲǣǴӶʤݾȳǰ뿪Ǳ½޼ŹƳ
滺Ŀ⣬ȻЩִߣԼء帣ǿ֮УȻ޼ŵǿߣƳ
кüˣ֮ǰǱ½Żͨʿˮī޵뿪޼ɢޡ
󷽻ʮͷ޼ʿΪ޼һ䡢䣬ƴӦ޼ǿߡ
һ˿˿ɪ⣺޼ŹȻִˣ߹֪ˣǱ½ͲЩ뿪ֱӤħ̥󷨣ͳͳѹ
ţҲǳߣСˣ޳ðȥʤݾǣǸִˣԸˣ
ǣɣЩû֪֮۹⣬޷嵱ƣִҪħʥ̡޼ڣЩ޼ʿ˭ִ˶֣
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ĵ̣һжִˡ
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ǿɲǵͷԪ񡢾綾Ҳøֱۣɱ綾Ĺצץͷŵķϡ
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СһҵýִЩˣƺ޷֣Ҫ顣
氵ü¶
ƣͷųԪʼӴ£ƶ
һΧ
ǧִˡŴߵߣעһһ


1299 ĹΣ
п˵ҿˣʱǱ׷ȥǽܱܹΧɱȥյأ׷ǣ
鲻öԸɳ½ЩΪȻɳ½ʮ֮һ
˼ǡ
ǵ˿ɲ棬Щ顣
ΪƷͷȻܸӦЩ
ٸ߻ᣬħҪʥ½ʥҲһ½ȻŴɱǻȡ½Ҳʼ½֣Ǳɱ棬õ޼鷳ǻ޼޼ʿΪǶԸħǸ߲뷨
ìɫʧְԵضִԺΪףΪۣԴ˱ԼɱУ
ǣ
˽ȴ£֮󣬾ۼһٶִߡ
ԼĪʮϢ󣬴һǧǿߣһʱִߣֳ飬ִԺֽӡ£һʮɾ޴ۣ
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޴󻯵ۣơᣬֱǧǿ׷ɱжڶʤٴ࿴
ͻͻͻ
ִߣƿصۣһǿҲɭ顣
һЩ鷢ڵʿϢԪƣԼ綾档
һۣеִߣ߶֮ͨУһ޽趯޽ɱֶ𡢾綾
аԪƣͲһֵͨܵġ

аԪƣֱӴ趯£һ͸
۽磬Ȼɱڲ
֮һаԪƣɱڲ
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ʿǹƶԪ𣬵аԪɱ֮Уʿִ߶Ԫ񷴻û뵽ܽԪ顣
һڷȻ׷Źơ
СָΧǼӴ飬ص׷ɱǵģˣԽԽˣΧӴħ飬ҲҪ
Ȼͫž⣺ҪڲδʩչֶΣҪִЩˣߡ׷ɱҶꣿӹˣ㷳ˣҪ֪Ŀ֮
ˣǴɱ䣬ִˣ͸øˣҲ׷ˣ
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ΧɱǼعħ顣
мħ鷴׷ɱۣм𣬻м׷ɱ
һִۣ߿£


1300 
һۣƲִߣԼٸ֣һͬͷۣҪԽǴĹһ·ɱ
ɱҵӣɱ㣬ԺƷߣ
ŵԶһ˼Ҫɱ档
ˣǰƺһĹִ
һƳмһĹˣԽȥ·ס棡
䡭
۴ĹΧ
ĹͻȻһζΧҲɡ
ڴĹ𶯣һЩطʼ
ͻȻĹ֮У˸һĨµİ⡣
ǰ˸֮һֻ֣ȻĹץһ

֮һ˻ƽ˻ƣһ˲䴫ľ
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ոĹ࣬ڲʿ濴·ֻץĹĴ֡
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ʱ֮Уһǹվ
Ǳ˰ƤѪĹģײУΪĿġ
һȫĹ֮վһͷ֪Ǻεȴ΢΢βͣɡ
顭
ۿռڣǿߣŵѾ޷
ҲǼΪڣȻĹ֮Уһֲ飬Χκһͷ飬Ҳûǿ
ãģƫҪȥٺ٣
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ţһ䳰ȷò⡣
Сǳ𺳣һĴȻˣǱᣬȻٴλ˹
ҲԶԶŹ겻ѣ˯ʮ֮ãö֮ǿ壬𽥸ʴƣճΪһ飬ҲңƷһ飡
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һֲըҫγɡ
ԭǸһԾһƻۺ󱳡
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ЩɱȴΧ˵鶯֣ʱò֡
Զһ۽֣ʮϢͽۻ顣
ִˡŴǿߣյ֮УʼϢ綾
ɱ˴ˣҾΪִͣδҲִߣ
㡣
ס˵飬ˣȥ
ɱˣ
ʮʿ
һţǽ̤ǵŴӣʿ֮еٮٮߡ
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˫ֲǳƤǿƣʮɱڵţǰ
һӶСһ£ΪСã뿪ɱ㣡
СЦеӣһҿ棬ǶǾŴţСŮӣɲǶְҪԸңҲеֶΣһǹã
ŮӣСԸˣòλʦֳ֣ʽˣһŮӣɱˡ


1301 컯
СŮʿӴӴСŶʽ
ʽǱˣŮʿΪ֮УһڷԽس֡
ಣ
һЩʿΧæ
û뵽һ֮У΢΢ɫ䡣
ԭʮʿоǧɣڶʤݣֵӡ
ˣǵü󲿷ַǳİ
ҲһͬΧΧסһԺӣӢмһΧɱ棬ɲܱĳ˹ͣ
СŮӣŮӿʼ߷Ҳչֳ޼Ϊ
Ҳһ˱飬·桢ţ
ԱǸçӦþ캣ưԵţ֣Ҫɱ棬
Ҷ׼ãһγûߡ
ĳЩ֣໥ڰָ֪ͨˡ
ʮˣһŴס
СעΧЩνţ治֪ߵغ񣬱С֪ΪĪ˵ȥԸˣСҲˡ
һ㣡
ҵҪŮӣм
ţһˣ
ҺŶб¾

Ůӷŭˡ
Ǳòһɲ࣬ΧںܶĿ£Ϊס

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ŮӽӡʽΪ·ڿ֮Уʮָ֯
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黨
ߣ帣黨ȻһӰһ
컯ˣ
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һӷһ֣ڳˣǾ¶
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ʦãʦֿ㣡컯ڲԶƳȴš
ҵȳˣ
ʿһ컯Ҳʼˡ
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Ůӵõ컯󣬽ΪԵ
ǿڵһʱֶΧΪ໨ưƼһ
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ֵСڇNɪӴӴѽǸղŲһҪɱô˵Ҫôţٺ٣СҲˣǻʲôţ
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΢΢һһϷ棺һΪ棬֮һ帣ؾţҲ㣡
컯Ӻ㲻Ҷ֣
һ˵󻰣װǻƵģһЦ֮ǰڶʤһмֿû뵽ҲֲˣҿеĻͱ׳󣬷֮ͶУƷ綼֪һСŮӶ޷Ը
컯һգ컯һŮӳ֣ٳԲѷһ֪帣ص㲻Ҷ֣
ôĿСе㲻ˡ
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ֽĿ⣬߰ظ棺ͷ㣬Ҳ㣬ǰ֮һʸҽ֣ڶʤݣ˶õָ㣬ҲݵÿΪʦΨһ˾ܾеδ֣οֲź
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컯ˣ


1302 黨
ΧЩţҲںΪͣǴʱҲ޷֣컯Ҳɱ
Щ֮ǰŮӣǿ
˲Ϣǿѹƣǽ
Ҳýǳţ޼䣿Ҳô帣黨£ϧڱСǰҲͻˣ
ݣ
컯ɱΪһ㣬Ȼһ㾪޵Ļ䣬ǧյذš
ۣǾ帣أ黨ܴﵽңʩչϾѧ
帣صһţ
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ʮţһڶԿֶ𺳣컯̤һ䣬ǧŵĽơ
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Ҳ࿴ʵ
컯ʵԱŮӣǿʮ
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˼һΪֻˣƤӣ
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Сɱƺɱֲƺ顣
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컯˿̣ĿҲ棬Ϊ֣ܽеĻڳһսŮ󣡡
ԽѹȶģڻӦ컯㲻Ҷ֣ûҳֱҪ֣ʮϢ֮ڣ

˳Цⷬ
ʲôʵǶ˵Ҳʶ
ҲͰ֮һʮϢҪˣⲻ۾˵Ϲ
̣
Χ󲿷飬ԱɢֻһЩڿ֮в
Сڵȴɱ档
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Сģͷǳ
Щ˻Ը棬ʵɱ棬Ȼ£ܵõִصࡣ
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컯ˣҲעħ档
ಣ
Сһ桢ţҲա
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һЩ֣ûһԾɱһ
С֣ͷ츳κɱĺ⡣

ħһ̣һɹа棬ա档
⽣֮Сħа棬ٴͷźҲһа⡣
ϧЩţ·Ȼܱʩչȴû֮ǰǰš


1303 
ɱҵӣ棬αˣ
û뵽Сħ鹥⡣
üǿͻȻ󷽣ԭԺҲǵִˣһߵ
浭ֿ֣һߴŸִߣʩչ󣬶Ըħ顣
ļߣڨڨЦ޼Ҫ˷ӡ
ûڵһʱ䣬ǰǰѡߡ
Χ飬и־綾յطǳ£̫߿ܡ
һԶʤǿߣ·ŶԷɱһ·Ӷʤݣ׷ɱɳ½׹캣ٻĴ½ǲۣҲˣ
ͷƣ֣ҲĿţ㹫ȻɱҵԶǿɽҵѪܰԽͷ­ȡ£
ţ洫ˣ˺ΪﵽɾʵһɣԸ
ɾ
𣬴˻һɾһɡ
ҲɾûоŴݣûһ䣬ֻ컯ɾ컯֮󣬱ӭ٣ͻƷҿӦôڵɾһ飬ûдﵽ飬Ƕ飬ʵ䣡
ɾԭ飬һδ֮ʵܴﵽ壬̤С
ǲõģ鲻٣֮о綾ִԸңǲסЩˣʰ𣡡ǳġ
ǰһɾͷ
ͬҲԺ̫ϴϡ

߼ߣͻȻ
ɱֱĿţС
Ҳȥࡣ
桭
ЦЦͻͻ
תۣΧ֮ڣϹŶֲ
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ݣ
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ݣ
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䣡
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κνɱΧԱɽ׻顣
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䣡
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ʤһ̣ʵҲ޼䣬Ϊڴﵽ˺ŵز
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㻹֪ɾ֪
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̫ǿˣ֮ǰǰʩչɱ棬ǿԺǿ󽣾Ȼ飡
Һ֮ǰûȥ涯֣ȻĻ
ǰֲ컯˴Ҳ棬ǿҲҳ棬Ϊ֪治򵥰
һЩע𶷷
˲ʶǿ
ǿ˳̶ȣ
Զһգ
ﱻס
ԼҮʴ͵ˡ
ҲעһһʱԶԶ֣Ǵ𺳣Ҳݡ
Ҫ֪붫ʤݲŶã
ʱʵ࣬ʵǿֵֿ߽ĳ̶ȡ
̫ЩϤţš
ɶҿɲȥԸõȵˣ͵Ϯһ֣
ҮʴͱΪֵܱ
Ҳɱ棬ȡ޼ΪҮ޵۹ҵִȡøһϵ
ʵˡ
ʩչǿֲ򣬸̫𺳣ǿߣȥעܡ


1304 ѪӦ
Χںϣδʩչʵ
ǰûҲ뿴λƷ磬žͷǿߣж಻
֮Сµģ
Ҳأֻ֪ж䣬ֻ֪Լʵ־ͷж֣࣬һᾡʩչȫս㣬˵ʵִ׷ɱ
֪
ǲ֪Ժˣ
Ҫ֪ҶʤԺ󽣾
󽣾
Ǳѿ

֮ǰʩչ󽣾ֻǴﵽ޼߶ȣʱ󽣾

Χظִơ
ĽΧ֮г֣·Ҫ
žž
֣ɱƾ޷쾳ƣСΪɱһԵƾ
ƾûһֽƻ飬Ǵ󲿷ֽƣȻ޷ʵȥġ
һγԾѣ쾳䣬㾳ͻͦģʤǻᣬǵ컯
ȥʮ꣬Ҳͻ쾳𣿡ƶһЦͻƾȻ
Զ쾳䣬Ȼʵ΢΢һƷ磬ȷϺ֮УΪ˵һˣʤֶţҲһأ
У
ǸΣйһ֮Եִߣεţ
ϧ޷Χ⡭
һͷš

ٽƣܡһطΧɱ
ʩչƾصعһƣֻܻʮ֮һ󲿷Ȼ֯Χ
һ⣬γɵĽƣҪû
˲֪ϧʵĲ࣬Ǿ̫ңԶ
󽣾ӡᣡ
ˣ
ͻȻ䣬ɱƾ˲䣬Ϊһھ޽һ
˾һھ޽ûС
ھ޽󽣾ں϶ɵͨΪƿأ󽣾Ϊͨӡ
ʱ˿̣Уڷӡ޽ףӡУ̫΢
浹ùˣ군ˣ
ʿֻ
޼ջûҵаϧˣѹӾܵõִصȥ֮ʥУҮʴһգֶԸ顣
汻ӡҮʴͶ಻
ϵܣѹˣ뿪޻Ŀߣͷʵ̫죡
ԶȻߵճХ
ʮִߣֶԸ𸴻ǳ֣ѽ󲿷ʿɱ߰˰ˡ
˷ģӡСӣ
ҲڽڻӦš
棬Ϊͽ𣬴ڣ޼
ڣ
һھ޽У޷񱻾ʯȫûֻӿԶһ
ಣ
һڽ֮ܣɱ
¡
޽ǰ⣬ЦţɱۿŽҪ֮еɱ
벻޽Ȼ顣
澹תɱɽһ̣ͽɱĽķѡ
Ҳŵãæɽ
ЩʿڴҲɣԴӰ޻Ŀֵط뿪
ϧʱ˿̣ž޽飬ǿɱ𣬶ɱâ
Ƕһľģ
澹Ȼǿ˳̶ȣ
һգ
ɱŮӣΪһòɵŮ
ҲУɱƷӡǰ֮һʱ鶼ˡ
һʮŵӣҲȻʵȱǿ̫࣬ΧŮӣ𿪣ȴҲڶʱ䣬ɱ
ʧȥ޽ȻڶԷ򣬵ɲ٣𣬽ҷָʤ
֮һ񣬻޷
Ѫ
ϣȻɳѪƬ
ѪƬȥΧΪһֻֻһ߶ںɫ򽡣
ҲһЩѪơ
ѪѪԿȻˣѪĳͨ
Ѫ߶󲿷ֶѪƣһѪ
Ѫ鶼ǣ𵱿մЦƾֶΣԶ쾳䣬ܱ𣿱ħ˰ɣ
ʵѪǧ֮࣬ѾʼΧ򾫻
ľ̺ѪɣҲо
ţΪش󣬾Ƕʤ
ۣ
һζˣ
βӡ
ӡ֮󣬺Ȼ䣬̾ΧѪ׷𿪡
Ϊһۣ澪£Χγɡ

γ֮ʣֻҲûץ̺󽣾Ŀֲ޽


1305 ɱ
ɱ
ʼƽҲšһڿھ޽ΪĿַ꣬°Ե
һʩչɽ֮ʣ󲿷˼Ѫ򽣬Χĥ
䣡
ٶ̫죬һɱܣɱ֮أʱұը
ըƣͽɡ
ҿ滹ж⣬ǰʩչֶˣ
ΧһЩţǲʹռͷ
ǿʩչۣԺЩţǿٱɱҶ޷⣡
סΣоɱս֮С
ಣ
Ҳɱ׷
ֱμ䣬ֻԼɽϣɱյ׷ɱ
ǼɵɽռƣȴɱǰСӣ֪ҶʤݵۣҶʤţǿ֮ͨһ
һδζܣ۾޷սʤĹƶʽҰƣ׷֮бӡ
Ҫ֪Ϊ
滹֮ܣ
Ҳżˣʼӡ
ݣһЩΧɱ
꣡
˵ǣ߶ƣΧɱһƬһ򣬴߿׹䡣
ǵɾǰɣ
׷ɱ
ΧǽƣЩȻ޼Ƶ̫ܣ嶼ը
Ҳڴģ
Ѫ
Ѫһ֣һϿܼ䣬ЩѪڡ
һľɣֲƣ

ء
ͻȻ䣬һ־塢ֵĽƬյػص
汼пȥԭߵִߣȻʩչӡ𸴻ѹɱԷ
ǿ̶ȣ۽磬ΧͬյذյʿҲ𺳡
ǶԣԽǿԽġ
ȴһδγХ·кʲô
̣
沱ϣͻȻѪɫӡǣʹ·Ҫն
ǿҵ顭ʩչѪѹӡæ˷
䣡
Ǵɽɭ顣
ҲڲͻȻһֻţһɽͻȻɽڳ֡
һ޴ʯֳˡ
ʯˣʯգɾ޴ɲ֮ǰʯ֡
Ϊͷžˡ
ֶĸžˣȻаȱߵҪ޴ʮ
飡
¡¡
յɽȣž˳֣ƺ˽յҲ˺ѣ˽̧ͷž˳֡
ڷգƺаĻ
͵صһںҡҡͷžˣʲôʱ᣿˾ˣޱߣʵȻ𸴻
Сӣ㻹˼񣿡
һ۸žˣ֮ɫֱɱȡɱһ
֮ɱһǱը
ϢڻֻҪټһʵһ룬ʱʰ㣡
ѪϢ֮У򾫻Բ࣬ԽɱңԽͷŸ
һδܡ
ԣǽҡ
ǽңҲܻڡ
СӼ֮⴫ˣҿ޼ŵĹƳкüǱ½뿪
ȱȥɱǡ
ƳЩˣѽǱ½ܣִ֪ˡ
¡¡
ͻȻ䣬յɽȣִһ𵴡
桢׷Ҵ򣬵ɽȣȻһž˳֣֮ǰ飬򼴽ѹȥ
ʱһ㵣Ƶĸžˣ֮ǰ𣬸ǵĸžˣ
СкӦˣư޻Ŀڲ󲿷ָžˣˣ֮ǰ𣬹ΨһûƵľˣ
ˣ
Ѫӿǳ
ء
һ
ͻȻ췭ظ
ֲĸ飬ȥ֧ԮӪҩ
ߵִߣ˿ֲ飬ž˾ȳҲһž˲ס
žӴޱߣһȭɱӵǿҲ޷ѹƸžˡ
ִһͬ߶ôžˣлеôžϲʯ¡
䡭
ʱ
֮ǰž˶ԸߵȾͷ
ͷ·ʲôʶͻȻ߸Ծյ룬ѽͨԼһЩŴ
͡
ͬʱ룬汻ڽѹƣְѪɶԷ
Ӵӡһηա
ת˲һƳҩа˫ͫټյأѰʲô
ӡӦΪǿң
ӡΪӦǿңĪҲܸӦӡ
ͻȻ뵽գЩ飬Ӧӡ
ĪҲˣ


1306 Ź
ಣ
һѹȣͻȻѹȶ
һɨȻִӼ￿ڵ
ȻˡӦӡգЩͨ飬һġ
鷳ˣЩͨ飬ҵںһʵ࣡оġ
䣡
ڶϢ
ƿص򣬴һûζ
ͷ顭ɲǴ߶棬ֿȻɱ
ֱһȭɱɱ飬һ򣬳Ϊ״̬
ۣ
Ҳ˼ǱѪ
žžž
ȻǰˣʲôŴִˣԺ̫ϳϡ
ֱӳײ򣬽ײһƬһƬ顣
𣡡
˿̣ʧ󲿷֡
̤ɽܼ֮ٿռ侧ӡ֮ڲ
ͣ
˲Ϳɳ
û뵽Ҳһѡӱ
Ǵ߶ࡢɱ
ΪԺ̫ϳϣȻǰУɱޱۡ
һйƣ顣
ۣɱ
ɳ
δ֪յɽȣֿ׷ɱƿۣɱ
æ׷棬ڸ߿ɱ
棬ΣҲӲˣΪǱ׷ɱ
ಣ
㣡
벻
ִߣһգԦ
𿴵֧ԮԸٶ׷ȥ棬ͱųŴɱߣִô֣δ
壬壡
һӴ˺󷽸߸Ծ
ȻǸ
׷ɱڸ߿գ˵һЩĻֻ档
·棺壬壬塭
Ҫ𣿡Ϸ׷ɱߺʲôһ
ֹ󣡡
֧Ԯִߣ
һΪﵽ޼۷壡
䲻ɣҲǵƷͷ
˼æΧɱǿֲ׳Ĺצ֮ʣɱһƬâ
󣿡
һɨ
ɱ˲Χγһ翺嫽˲仯Ϊһ׾޽

צҲݺץھ޽Ϸ
þ޽δ飬֣ȴΪֲ̫÷׷Ѫ
氵̾Ȼ󣬲ʩչĽֻ̺ʯ֮Уһֲн֮һ˲ܿһ
ȻϤ
ȥʤݣӼʯ֮УõŴ󣬿ϧǲȱ󣬸С
ЩҲһֱ׽δ׽һ׽
û뵽ִִߣʩչһֽ
ݣ
һڵͻϮ̳
֮УȥעϷûɱһڵ
ˣæѡ
֮ͻأԾ𣬸պö
һƬҪһ˼նɱ棬µ޷ɱҲҪʩչܸߡ
žžž
Զ㿪ɱб֮֮飬һЩҲ󱳣´Ѫڡ
ץصȻһڰƷû뵽㱳ǵ˼̣
ٿ棬֮󣬴Ѫ״ֳ̬ûɳ÷յɽȡ
ˣҲ
Сţں󷽴

յɽȣһյ硣
ɽ֮наϢ·ΪаƺҲ֪ɽ֮Ужڡ
ͣ
գѪ֮ӡһηգΧʲôǿ顣
ݣ
һĽ棬֮׷ɱ
𣬽ҽˣתɱȻ˳ץɽתɱ
ۖ
緢ҽһ𵴡䡣
ɽɱĵɱۻ⡣
ǽлᣬյߣ
꣡
ϧ˵꣬ڰƷɽǰɲ飬ΪһƬƬ׹ء
ǰʹ飺ܣǾƷƷҲһ棬ͽһڰƷ飡
澹Ȼߣ𣺡û˴ţҽָ
죬Ҳû֮ǰǸϹŶеƣΪһ챦ҵɾ⡭Ҫ㿴ҶʤϾѧ廯Ԫ
¡¡
ïֺͻȻһƬ籩
籩󣬸߸ڿɱ
ಣ
ӡӦϢոɱͳû
һҲ֮ǰ֣ȻײɣѪģ
аҺצԼߵ棬ץһྪ˺
ʱߣһצץк󱳣ҲѪ


1307 
ٺ٣ҿжȻһɣǰƾһɴ֮鲻𣬸Ϊ
ˣϲ
ٶȣҲƣȥΧ֮ͻȻ·ʬ塣
ǿִִʬ壬һΪﵽ޼䣬۷Ϊ
ವһߣǷٿ
˼ʡ
׷ϣ͵Ϯ𣬸޷ӳа
צ˲䣬֮֮ǰɽ飬ӡһڱ׳֣ۣΪʮɾ˵ͨˡ
һȷΪӡҲŹκϢ
һɾ綾û˱ǵࡣ
ȻƱһơƵ࣬Ӿ綾֮Уɱ
ܽƻ⣬
ֻʶǶԣһҲҪĴڡ
κǵһ
ʶΪûˣٶһˡ
㣬Խ޷ӵеƣ׷һ׷ʹ
޼۷ִʬ塭
棡
һʬΧǰ
Цúϲ£죬ҪɱִߣȻѾֶΣҲֻмɽС񣬲ܻɱ˲ִߡ
˭ǰԼһСæ
޼۷ͷ϶ѪϧѪٶ࣬Ҳ鲻٣
ץסʬ壬˲ϢӦ㽫Ӧ
˱ԴҲġ
أ
߿ͻȻڸߺ
תһʼսעϡ
ֵǣסߣڰյȴš
߶ۣԽɾʵǰԵһδν档
Ǿ̣Ǹ߼ʩչۣҲȸ߼
ڰɱκ޼ʿƶҪҲʣ
ռ顢һȦȦƼɽǳ򵥣ǣϾ綾ԼԪƣ뾫˫ع֧ۡ
޷ԷԹƣ߶ۣȥ֮С
Ȼ취
Ϊף
¡
ʮϢ
綾֮µۣɱƵģһѪצץ顣
̣
Ѫצץۣ˳ץУܵ
ϱ׵ǲȻһѪצץñױһɹɻ硣
۵һȻסȻܵ𵴣Ѫ
һѪצԴһģ²ҲҪзϡ
գЦúϲ£죺ٺ٣Ϊһɱһĸʲô
컯
ˣڴʱߡ
ֻп⣬ǳơ
֮ʣͻȻӡͷžơ
䣡
ѪצԴһžͷ̫ϴϡ
Դ壬Ȼʼ顣
ˣ벻ˡ顯ĺ󷽣ͻȻһӰԭһ
ЦȻֹ֣εͨûƺ飿컯
ԺˣǹƲһҸоҲϢ·һ˲䣬֮ʱûһԼһ
˾׵ͨ
컯
Զʤٴδ۽硣
ףȷ磬Ҳû˲ֶΣ񰡣ˣǵõŹо޴
ͻȻͷϢٴγ֮԰Ҿý첻ɱ𣬴Ҫţٺ٣
ء
ƺҲû뵽ˣܻš
ȻһԼѪץ֮ʣϽ
һִ˿ߣ߲㣬Ȼˡ
̫Ȼ
ˣҸоʱȫʵϢ֮ǰһ㣬ֻ޼ʵ
Ȼʩչ컯̫ͨҲȻӵмģ۾
Ҫ
Ȼ
߶֮׷ɱ·׷ȥ

б׻𣬴ʱʵеɾ
أ
ʵȻԽ޼ûܵ˿ģһ˲׷
ˣ
ʱ˿̣𼸺׷ǿ¾綾аû
ҲͬʱʩչԺǿ
ץһ̺ſֲ
䣡
˫עɱһоϢƵġ
·еУԪԴ߶Ϸɱ˳ȥ
һûˡ


1308 ѹ
û뵽˾ܱԽ޼¹ơǳԾ
ǿ֮ĩ𣬱ȻѪ֮£û뵽ɱ˿¹ơ
žͷɲǸǵġ
ӾǱӳһ
һĹƣûлɱѪǣҲ˲١
ɼղŹƻǷǳֲʵǲһЩ
ϾǰΪʹﵽɽָ߶ȣͼ̣Խ
ɣԪа޾ǿ߶һơ
ء
ŭˣ߸ڿն
䣬ײеŭû뵽һò׳Ϊִ˿ߣΪ߲㣬Ҫ

Ҳ̫ͻȻײһɽ
ʲôɽ
һֻɽ޴Ĵơ

һײǵףȻײˡ
⡭
ʱҲðǣ̧ͷ˲䣬𺳵ؿһϤӰȻվһ˵ļϡ
˱Ҫ޴Ķ࣬һյ֮еľɽǸž˻Ҫ޴һЩ
ˣվھ˼ϵˣȻ档
㡭ˣʶ𣬿˾ˣѾһ𺳡޷͵ĳԾģ
·˸ˣͬһ·ˣٺ٣кܶᣬԶ׷ɱԶҵңһǳǰΪ治ǣӵǿֶΣ
ӵӵֶΣΪ֮ǰ֣ɱңȻ
ʤô࣬ɱ𣿶Ҳ֪֮޷һ죬ʴҪһִ˿⣬ɣ
˵꣬Ȼľ˵Ĳӡ
ಣ
޴ƵһץһգȻץġ
𼸺ֻţץ֮С
һžͷѹ
أ
Ҳ֮Уɱ
ɲʲôˣʲô棬а۾ֻڣ壬ζ壬ˣʺϳΪҵ壡
ҿ׬ˣѹ𣬵õʬ壬ѹһͷ
治ɫʱžͷ޷ԸƵգ飬ѹҲǷַӵˣ
壡
·˵ʲô
˵Ծһɱ
ߣ
ֶԾ˲Ӹ˼¡
ͻͻͻ
ɱӼǧ׸߿Ѫצӣ·䣬ܽһ˲ץ顣
˴ʱȻ̧ͷûһ飬ʯˣֵĵȷȷ϶ʯ
ž
ͻȻѪץȥ
Ѫǿֲɱ˴ֿһƣͱס
һֻ˲䵱ץȥһͽָ˲ץġ
أ
ھָ£ãֿʼҽС
վھ˼ͷ΢Цž˾ֲѹٺ٣ϣСͲǷ֮ѹһʲôѹȻԲ
ƺױץ飬Ȳ涣СһҪС
ΪѹһѹУܼԦԸ־ͷ
ԷǱ½ش½
޷
ء
벻ǣյɽΧֲֳ顣
ԭ֮ǰХٻô顣
ھ˼ͷȥЩȻ޼ʵʵԣЩֻͨڡ
壬˵ģ˵ģ
ȫѹƵ˵
ң
Ȼ屻СƣǿԿ綾䣡

аԪƣֱȺХа˫ͫһӿȵسѹ
ˣҲ
һɫ⣬ʱǰϮ

аԪƣ˵
ȥС沿ǰԪɱһ
䣡
аԪƣһδû
ΪǾƷԪ񷨱˿ֲаԪ£񽣷棬ޱȰԵؽаԪ˳ΣȻСΧ顣
ߣˣҵ˰ɣǿƣԪƻ⣬ɵ
Ԫ񷨱ȻǾƷԪ񷨱
ټƷ磬滹δʶ˸߽λԪ񷨱
ɱǰһǰǿҪɱס
ƻҪȴһʱ䣡
һִʬ壬ָΪ˵
վھ˼ͷо˱
治żҲСţӦҲռǿʬ壬Ŵִ˾
ⲿΪž飬ʵҪֲǰˣ
ʵš
˲غ֮С
һߣѪģرӡ롣


1309 ϤϢ
ԭǱѹֱڵ
𲻽ˣҲһգϻմȾ綾޷֮
ʩչӡһ㸲ǣΪǣֲӤħ̥󷨣޷
棬ҡҪƴ
ֻˣˣƤӣ
㿴ͬ飬ϧˣҪɣ
ǰץһִʬ壬ͷ𿴵ľս£ǿʬɳѩƬ֮С
ȣѪҲȼա
㡢˲ʱԼѪһڣڡ
úôţһĵУһ롢ɣΪҵľȥ˼
ʶع֮
Ϊһ޼ͷʱ֮ܿͣǰ˵ҲڴʱʼΪѪգϡ
һЩ鵤ҩܿ´ﵽ쾳״̬ʼ߷塣
˵ִʬ壬ֻҪ𣬿Ҿͻƶ쾳䣬̤Ϊ
һ
Χۼ٣Щ飬еǴ飬С·С綾
СԾ綾û˿Ӧκľ綾Ҳ޷С
ˣˣ
Ǽ
淢Ԫȫ飬Ѿɱǰ
ಣ
һվڱСѹƣõͷ
̫ԵȷһаʶʩչӤħƣ
ӡ˲䣬ſԪ棬ɱԺ
ͷһЩѪ֮ҲԺ
һЩʶʶԺһȻһаԪ壬һྪˡ
ÿµа飡
飡
һɱл桢ѪԪơ
ȻԪգѪɣͷŶаƣǱվǱѪɡ
ʶοֲѪ֮ҲܿѪΪѪκιҪֲ
ƺеϤζ
鲻ϱǿռ䴫һɣ沱·ӡ־ʹĿϢ
ಣ
һаʵһ㣬·ֻһƣγɵ⡣
ͻȻʶռɳѸײڶ֮ƣԽѪԼԪ棬
ǰǻɱ飬ⱻڣֲӡ
Ȼ򣬿æ
ˣڵֻһʶ
һʶԣ޷ǿ
٣
ӡ˲ͫɳһʱȥأϧٶȻǲ
Ưڴǰ汾ҲͷԪ赲ǴǿԪƣ˵һоӴеʹ
Ѹײڶ֮ƣ벱㣬ӡʼںϡ
ίϴ󣬶Ҳãһ˼ѹ
û취Ƕû뵽ԺһڴԺѪԪ棬˵
ӴӡںϣֻоѪڷա
Ҳûо
ء
ͻȻٷҲ
ԪԪ桢Ѫա̫޷֣Ԫ֡
Ӥħ̥󷨣
һɹɺɫϢԺռ䡣
һԪʶΪģʩչӤħ̥󷨣ֲһģӤħ
ӤħһʶԽѪħӤħ̥ɡ
Ӥħǿƶռ䣬Ԫ棬һַа鹥ƷգӤħ̥ӡǣΪ󷨣ʶ̡
Ӥħſ죬ЩڣΧռ䣬κһ˿ϢӤħ롣
ӡˣ

ϲˣһ˲صڡ
ϧһҪһʱ䣬ƿأ
߶һӴһǣ˲
Ӵ޷˲֮㡣
߳߳
ͻȻ䣡
Ӵһɣܾˡ쳣ʹС
ɽȻ⴦ɽ֮Уּ顣
ѹһ𣬾ˣ
ȥǺε飡
һ֣ͻȻʧһãã⡣
Сֵ䡣
߶֮ʱڲִǿ״̬ﵽ쾳δйĳо
·飬׷ɽ
һаԼֺɽѡ
ڼɽȾͷһ治֪¡
֮£һɱҪŨҵаϢ΢΢͸
ǳԾǿϢȷӡϢҪǿҲ٣Ǻεȴڣ


1310 
·ԨϢ֣һϢȴʮְԵʮޣѰ˸޷ӦĴڡ
ͬ
Ը飬Ϊ̫ڣֲӡ֮ղִһκϢܸӦһǰ㡣
ž飬ǴӴ˵سûܴ⣡ʱٶȾ龳ڷУҿȥԨ
˿̣ٻĴ½档
½߿գһӰ֪ԺεͨƸ߿֮У˺ѳһѷ죬һ̤
һۣ֮ʣȻǶʤԶž޹֣
ұ۳ۣһץԪ͸ˣԴ꣬ҵ˵֮еĸžˣ
Ǽ΢΢Ц滹иһ壡
ȥ׷ɱ棬ϢԸӦˣҪԮԿž飡
֮Уִ߼Ԫ
ʮǰĴڣճֹһʱ꣬Щžˣʴôж಻
͵һץȻռץһѷ죬С
޻ԭ
յ֮С
գռͻȻ˺ѣΧмִߣִ߶
Ϊһڶ֮ۡ
۰˺ѿһӣ˲֡
ݼ
ִ¹
Ǿ·ԨϺպտִߡ
һִ񣺡ԪϴˣŴҽԨҵһֵܣΧ˷ӳ
ٺء帣֣塢֣ܿ
֮һĨ䣬Ӷ˲Ԩ֮С
κξ綾޷ס
ٶ̫ˣһδδԨֺ
ܿǰ𵴣һЩ鷢Ϣδ׷Ͳˡ
˼ȻǸžˣ
Ϣ
ͨ֯յӸ߿ոȥž飬ƻߣʮִߣĽ
ǽԼԸžˣ˭赲žˣ

ͷơ

ڲͬյأ齻ֵǿǣһ֣ĸ뼤

һգɱһ帣ǿߡ
ͻȻţƺǶʤϹ걻ˣնұ۵ľˣ
ţӽԶǳԾǶʤݵŹСǿߣҲ֣
ʲôǱ֣նұۣ
ΪǺ֮У޼޼˲ͨɽ͵Ϯնһֱֻۣ
ʵȶʤǿҲ޷Ը
ΪǰٻĴ½Ͳʮ꣬Ǳ˵ڶʤݣƷҲǿĹ֮һ峤ʵͬ߶ȣûƷǼƷȣҲ޷ȥˣ
ҲգҲռǿʬ壡
ͻȻû
ڼɱ۵ǿ׷ɱʱͻȻһڱȡ
ȰͻȻһˣһɹɺ編Χǿߡ
ֻˡһǿڱ֮£ԻΪˣ˲䱻гƬ
ȣ
޼ڱ⣬ޱǿľƷ
ɱƬյأ
ɽȰ
ۿҪԨȥǹǿϢ֮
Χ
֪ʤݾɱ治뵽ӳ׷ɱһĻ
ʱޱǿţ֣Ű֣Ǵ߶Сǧӳ޼Լɽ͵Ϯ֣նұۣӳ
ʮ
ˣ˵ѻָɱȻǱϱ֮Լȡ޼
֮У޼Ϊ裬ϴնұۣɽҪԸܣʵѹžҲ󣡡
΢΢
Ͼߣ¡
ȻΪԪϣȷϾࡣ
ٶȷһЩȴСţ
ָӦ·ǧ·綾Լа鶼ǣһھ޴
ȥͻᱻ
̫£ӡʹҲ֮ǰǿңڸӦ֮£ɽȵײŴ顣
֮ͬħ໥һγһߣȸž˻Ҫ޴Ĺħ顣
⡢⡭
ںһ
ǰħ飬Ҳֲ֣Ǽ˴ںϳһ߹ħ飬滹Ƿǳ𺳡
ǿħж
ͷŸӦħֹħнʮ೤ħħںһһС
žˡһ𡭡
Ǹžˣħ֮УӦ޴ħ֮
ӰԺѣϴʵ´ﵽɾ۷壬Ƿɽָ߶ȣ˵һƣһҲܰϴ˺ѣ


1311 
ಣ
󷽸߿շ

ţ֣
Ҫ棬ȴʾ̫š
ϣֱΧ鶾ŪӦ
ͷһƬ⣬ֳһ߾ʬ壺ϴǻˣٺ٣ǷˣɱپŴִǿߣѹʮǿߣ
Χʤ޹أ
ɱʱǱ㿪ˣ֪Ǻϴ·ǿʢаϢô£Сַ·쳣
·һ𼸺ڳ˯֮еĹħ飬Ǹ黹Ҫ޴ƺڳ˯֮Уȥ
ͷΧаɢ
һ쿿ԼĪ㣬װգɵľ޴ħ
Ӧڳ˯֮С

淢ֹħֱۡͷŲϲ֣һЩħڶ
ţˣͷħγ֮У飡
ȷħЩ飬ڶţӦ޴飬ں֮УһںϳɹͻΪħһ㣬ӵӴ󡢶ֲ
黹δγɣ˾޴ҲǳֲͷаϢ֮ǰѹҪǿʢʮ
̣
ӡҲҷգʹҪ֮
ţͻȻɵˣ㿴޴ħͷüҲһǷ״ƺһֻ飡
桢Сǰħͷ
޴Ĺħǰͷͷͬһɽ޴
ǣħֻԴûбӡ䣬Ҳûֻͣһֻ
Ѫɫ·ƽ֯ɵķǷ״һӣʮɶ
̲סһںۡ飿
ΪŹ飿һֻӣҲŵãͷſº·Ƭռ䣬ҲҪ⡣
ţ˺һϢ̫£̫аˣϴ뿪ɣ⡭ǵﲻ𣡡
⻹ţһˡ
ʵҲǳȴװ뿪Ҳ߹ħǳ£֪ΪΣӡ·йʶҿħһ֡κ鳼ߣѹ飬ֱɱ϶ʤݣҲ⣡
ΣҲζŻ
һħ飬Ʒ޽аɣ
һ𸴻ԶԸֹħж
ţֻС󷽣
Խ޴ħͷѪ׷׾ۼӡѹӡ֮
ӡҪƵġ

ͻȻ޴ħ˵ˡ
˻ƵСţֻͣ
ԹħͷֻۡΨӦ֮ԺӵƷԪ񷨱ӰԸаԪ
澪ŹħͷǿӣȻ˵
ħӷ·˯һˡ
ˣ
ţСţƺҲˡ
ʱӦԽаħۣʮɾ޴ʵ飬һаγɵĹâ
ԶǶۣһа
а֮Уһˣа֮Уаںϡ
ɣ·˵

ͷף
ħˣ
ǹħˣǹħϣΧ󲿷ֶ飬˿ţ޴ħվ
Ȼ黹ûںϣﾪ˴ĹħΧ飬ӹħϰ룬ɰǧƷ䣬桢ţֺ
צò
ˣ
ԹħͻȻϮ֮飬ǴӹħϰģСŵö޷ͷ
ҲǹħΪϰ룬޴ħСһȦ
Ǳ𶯣־ǲߣֻӲɹƣ
ʵ˴鹥ƣҲ𺳣ȻҲǵһΣֹơ
ɲ
ɲǼ䣡
ʲô취ܶԸǿ
ۿŲףͻȻӡ忪ʼ飬˫֡ͷ˫˲仯ΪѪѪžĸǶ
ɲ
˲ʩչ֮󣬺ţҲС
һ׾˵ѪƯİա
Ѫ֮УСţƯţΧɱŵֻ챣ӡ
ˣ
ͻȻ֣ͷƽ˰Χ
žž
ӹħϰĴ飬һɱΪѪ档
̫ңѪץöѺۣƺѾ˺顣
Ѫռ䣬ͨԪҲ֮С
ţסѪٴ𺳣ˣɲֲֿܿƣ
ȻܵһЩӰ죬ΪѪѪ⣬Ҳ󲿷ֻΪѪ鹥޷ֱƻҲ𵴣ǻˣ
ͨԪ񱻹ĵ±Ᵽû˿š
ۣ
û뵽һ̣һЩ飬б˺ѪȻɱɲڲռ䡣


1312 
ˣСɱڲѪռ䣬ͷŵ
ǿűǣ
Ȼǳ򶨡
ɲΪѪ״̬鹥ȻҲɱϾֻѪȻơҲ޷赲Щʵܾ˵顣
Ѫ
Ѫ
Ѫ
һصЦЦ
˲䣬Ǳ½ʼͳΪѪٴʩչ
ǰкܳһʱ䣬û˴߶Ѫ
죬Ҳûа취ƵòʩչѪ
Ѫռ֮ڣ˺Ѫɱڲ·Ѱ汾
֪Ѿ硣
䣡
Ѫ֮УȻ˳Ѫ
ٿѪǰѪкܴȾɫ
ǰѪѪɫ̤쾳䣬ѪɫμѪǽɫѪɫ
Ѫ޸ߴɣִžҰ޴ɱһֲ
ҲһУܽһѪץ飬Ȼ꣬޵ôѪץһʲô
Ѫ
Ѫˣ
ѪںɫһЩѪ
ѪжѪ޷
ʮֻΧһѪԸʱǾΧа
жɱѪռ䣬жѪ
¶ǳ˽⣬һĻ޷ţϴǱ壬⡢ֱͲ
ţҲһںҲû̵ֲģҪȥˣ
ܻΪѪ
ͷѪؼѪиԶжεȲ
Ͳúţ֣
ˡ
ͻͨԪܵ𵴡
СȹĿˣ
Ȼʩչɲ̫࣬湥ֹƿɲҲǳ
ҲǶ쾳䣬ɲǳ̬ʵҲܵӰӣ
޼ôʱЩ鹥ѪܵӰ죬˲佫û
ԭ̫࣬ںһ𣬶ɲ𵴡
ͨԪûж仯ȻܵƴӰ죬ٻܳܡ
գ
Ÿɱ
ɲǼ䣬ʩչơ
ѪȻѪѲס󲿷飬ϾҲѪҲҪһʱ䣬ɱ顣

Ѫɫռ䣬ʼΪ𺣡
һںϼ֣𣬼ѪĻҲƷΪġ
ʱ£аͷŵĹơԪյöٿʼΪ
ѪƸңһ鼴㹥ΪֲҲ֮档
鲻ɱ
ռ䣬챻鼷ơ
ߣ
û뵽޴۹ħںϵ飬ʵ˰Ե
һߣҪơ
ҲǽƳˣ
ݣ
һھˡ
ɽ
־ƼԦɽɽɱ֮Уֻ顣
κ˲飬ɽɱЩ飬ֻһ˲¡
ôаҲ޷Ԧ˷ˣаոѹڣʵȻӿֲ
ɽɱ
ڱƿأ
Ŷ顢аƻǷǳֲڷա֮ʣ뵽
ʱͷѪռа׷״Ѫһռ䣬˲
ԭ֮ǰѹͱУʱа鱻ƿأӿڡ
ִ߶Ӥħ־ϢԱ塢ֲ
㲻ѹܿ
һ֮еǿߣ𷢳
𺳿ʱǼа
Ԫˣ˶飬ԣԸ̫ˣΪһ㣬׷ɱҲûߣΪҲ飬ǿ飬ѹ㣡
㡭ãһҲ޷
ʤΪ
һ̫ϳϣԺĸ߲㣬Ȼһѹ
ķڷ˵ʲô
Ҳɱ㣬ûִɣΪЧԶУѵҲ·ɱɣĵУװ׸ң㰲𣿡
㡢ħ£
㵱ħҾңҿκˣú룬ҳǾͲ˼һУҽɣ
淢Ц֮󣬿ʼɲ
ѪռڣɱһЩɱͱѪסֱգû˸ов
һЩ滹ǲҴ⣬ȫƿɲ߶ɽѪ


1313 ӡ
ڷǳƣԲżֻѡ֣ȥ
ʱ߶ɲļޣӵɲʼδ˳ʱ䡢ʩչ
֮ǰòһִһ޼ǿҽﵽ쾳۷壬пͻһ硣
˭֪ΧһĲ࣬Ҫһǿߣܴﵽ۷壡
״̬о̫á
Ĳ٣ԪҲһ
֮ɲַܶ鹥ʵܵشҲˡ
û취˭ξȻڰٻĴ½޻Ŀ֮Уɳ½µ֡
ֽһ
ûɱѪΧҲֻмڹɲƺˡ
ܵһĻɽѪʰѪڲһ顣
ɶٴϣնа
ǲˣһȾܳȥ
Сȡ帣ظʬ壬Ȼ޼䣬Ҳܸܾ֡
һʱ֮
ֻʣʮѪռСʩչƷȡ
ʮȥһӶѣʮ˲仯ΪƬ
ˣ
ʩչƿ֮
ټѪʧˣţһյذգѪûɱ
Χϰ飬ɱƷȣƷ̫ˣһӹȥ˲䱻ɱ
ţó֡
ħأˣˣţķʲôɱ
ָ·
·յؿյģֻһ˳˯µľ˿ӡ
֮ǰ޴飬Ȼˣ󲿷Ҳʧˣ·ĳѨҲʣǧ顣
ʰЩ飬ȥ
ħˣ
ǰ޴Ĵڣôһʧˣ
һһЩͨҲ飬ɲǸоϢײɱ
ͷһЩѪѪȥԸǣ
ײһ˿ӻžа̫аˣ̼ᱻЩаᣬ綾
ħȷˣҲ˿ۼƺħƾնߡ
ΪйɷǳǿҵħϢħͷʱΧʯ֮УаϢ
һħɷϢ
ħɷ֮ǳǿңұħҪǿδܵǿħ
·ħа齻֯һ𣬸ղħӵҲħ
ڿһЩ
ΧңûиϢ
뺮ţϣҲ󲿷ɱ濴ΧΪյأǰУѰҳڣһ޴ħô죿
ǷյΧѰҳڡ
СϢԶԨյɽΧһξʱ˶ӦһɵȻϢȻԨ֮и֡
ô£
ԨյأеϢ
ú棬΢һЩʮ˲ҵ𰸡
ԭɽΧԨȻ˺ѳһӣһӡ
ƺͨϢͨ޻ĿԨ
ΪҪǣûиӦִǿϢ
Ҳ֪¡Īǰӳȥܻܿص档
ǷһЩִϢȻиڸ
һߡ
ԼĪɳʮٶȷӦ֮Уؿһ˳綾յֺ
Сѽؿϴôˣ
ӦһЩϤϢǹȥ
ٽ뼸
ãһͨԨȴӵϰ顣
һ΢΢ͷţһЩ鹥󷨡
СˣӦ˱
ٴһ뼸֮Ԩա
·ǧ׵ײһͷŲǿҽâȻʮʿС
һŮӣʵǿ߶һڲɫԦһЩʿƿؽ
Χ綾Լڹ
ͻȻһߣˣǲǧɵţôǧһЩӣŶǸҲУˣ綾ӣ
Ҳ壺ǸӦϢҲ
ˣ֣Ůӣ¼ֲʱ
ţҲ˵ˣſŮΪﵽ޼䣬ˣᣬΪʵǸѩƲ£ϧһ˶ľ֧ýᱻ飬Щ˶Ҫ
ˣͻȻһȡ
ಣ
ͷŴţͷɲݺȥ
أ
Χ
֮Уһʮ֮һӣһ˴߶׵ɱ
ΧһЩǧɵӣˣһմȾ綾ﲻ϶æ
ӣ϶綾ڸʴ
Ӱ㣬ңմȾ綾ӳҲ޷죬ʦߣ


1314 Ԯ
ģܾ㣿仨ʧɫĿǳ
ɶЩ帣ءأһδǶȣ
Щ壬ǲٻĴ½һѲ䡣
жĥɱ¿ǰǣͬЩ˾Ȼʲˣ
Ҳţ˵žŴĲǡ
ͬЭŴһΨһˣƿؽҲΪ˴

ΧͻȻȻͬƣ𿪶аƣԼ
Ŵˣ
ǧɵޱȼ
֮𺳣ֿ־壬ǿĲǾŴǺţ֡
һ۾ϳ֡
СͷźΧɱƶ飺ӴҼǳ֣һ֮
棿ӡӽãš
ֵ˺ʰЩ飡
ĮܾǲҪʩᣬʼ壡
첻ƢСţһܲˣѰʱܣ֣Щ˸ɱˡ
Сصȥˮǲֻ֣·һĪǻžŴǲɣЦŴ־ڲԶΪβΪǸûǣһǧɣʵŴҪɲҪ
ҲҪаħȣӻǲ顣
ţͻȻЦǣǾͿ
˻ⲻٶԿ飬ȥ
Ӹӳӣ綾ӣʼá
ˣˣ
ʱһ磬һࡣ
ǣˣ
ţɲǹ
棡
ǧЩӣſ־壬Ų˾档
䣡
ţħɷ֮
֮κ飬ڼϢ֮󣬱ħɷ֮顣
ţǿڣ˿ëȻ
ԼĪʮϢΧ鼸ɱ
ӽӡ֮󣬽ʧҲ棬һ壬ӱ
áѾʧȥʶ
СֺǺǵЦ綾Ǹ޷ˣֻҼˣӵп綾İ취
ҧ촽Ƭ̣Ƿݸ߹֣湪桭롢֣Ⱦã
һǰҪ֪ںδҳ־ˣɱǶҪ
̫ʵ顭һżԼ
ȻԾ˷·ûһԡ
ӿϾǶ⣬Уݣ
ִ˲ݣЩͷЩνΪħ޷𣡡
ߣҳ־ˣǻȻΪǧйϵ
浱ӣԼǧɵӣ渵ִ磬ǧɣ

Ǵˣһоˡ
ȻϣĬˣ޹ֽ֣ŪյرԴߵȾͷȥӡͷ޹֣Ӧڵɱ
ֲá
ž飡
ǿıѹĻʵྪˣ
ݣ
ȻͷһϢӰΧ
Ư𣬿Ϣǳϼ߲㣬Ա綾ɡ
桭
һ˿˿ʶž棬Ҳôһ⡣
ҪӦˡ
浭Ȼƿơ
ӣæһȴš
һһɬѡ
Ӧӡ
Ҳ˵һŮӣҪǰӡ
ӦɲûӣǸӣȴû˼룬綾ѽ֮С
Ҫӿԣʱֻ·һ
ⲻ󡭡
ʩչ컯һմڣ˶µ綾һ
ֶΣ׻綾Լӣô˾λá
ڼóһЩͷա
ΪһЩҺ֮콫Һڣôͷһ̡
ǰ󲻵ʱӿʼɫָϸ֮׷׿ʼϡ
ָ֮ȴЩ˼˵
֮һصСţⲻ󣬻ȥԴܽ඾⣬뿪ﻹв飡
лżæл
˲Ϣʧ߿ա
ǧɵӴʱž̫ˣֶ񰡣˵棬ҲԽǧɻǸ޷
ӲᣬǷ㣬˲ͳЩνţҮʴҲͻﲻӰӣ
ҲϲǷ飬ȷ㣬뿪Ԩ޻Ŀ߾塢Ҳ
ټңɽΧȥ
ȥյأ
ͷŸӦСһڣ뿪Ԩո棬嫰գһը졣


1315 Ժ
ȻȻһִߣʮյظ߿գɱһ

ţ֮²ˣ㿴ǰأһž飬Ȼˡ
ողŻص棬û뵽ִߡ
ʮƽԭأڷգваϢš
һЩʯ飬һ֮ĸžˡ
ͨʯӵϢ
һը죬Ȼһһž齻֡
ִʮ߿գϴ߶ý֮ƺҪžѹ
ͷſһ·˲ʩչɱٲһһδγž顣
һǿ𺳣ҲžѹҪʩչġ컯Ϊơ
ͻȻһԪȷִˣҲԺֻ̫ϳϣԼšӢľ

ԾΪЧҳ
˴𸴣ԪֲħִˣͨˣΪЩͬ飬㽫һգԸΪ
ʶʱΪܣǴˣϲִ򽻵֮ǰҼʩչ컯֮䣬ͬתƱ𣬵ʩչͨʵһ룡
컯ͨԽۣҪǿ˲ءزءʩչоƿأ˲ʩչ컯Źһŷ֮䣬ԷһԼʱ䣬תƳȥ֮ʵȷ֮ǰһ룬۾ˡ
ϻ˲
Ϊ컯ͨԶʤݵһҲִ˵һ
Խ棬ƺܿŪڶʤݡִ˵ĵ̣ʤݵһ
˲ԪԺԺԺһ󹦷Ժ
ҲŹҲʶôεȹϵһԺ
ʵԺŹںϵܸ١
󹦷ܸ٣˼ԺԺԺ󶥼ͬһ׹
˵ⷬܣ۾
벻ʤԺҲǾŴΪǿĴڣлϵ
ڰ˵Զʤݣһ廯Ԫ
廯Ԫ
廯ԪǶʤԶǿߣżռ䣬Ҳʥ֮УʤǿߣרУоһŹԺԺЩߣ廯Ԫ̫ǿɽɼһΪԺһƪķ
ԭˣ
Ժһƪɼķ󽣾Ϊǿ֮ͨһۡ컯ܸ廯Ԫֻͨдﵽ̫ϳϡǴϡ߲㣬һ컯ܸͨ廯ԪԼͨ
û뵽Ժܡ
ʱ˿̣ʶԺ
Ҳ¿ʼʶʤݡ
ΪƷǿĪȷ̺ܡ
͡
һɰƣ桢Сţйעִ߶ž齻ֵʱ򣬳˼ץƿռ
ţ𺳣һħɷ֮Ϊŭȭɱǰ߿ճֵһŤռ䣺ˣ
䣡
ǰŤ֮УִԪϣϾͷߡ
һɱţ֮ɱÿҪӰֶŤռӲ
ʮ⣬ɭɭķȲס飡
ӣ
ǷϢ
ȻҲҪɱصǸž飬ѱ̺ǹɽ磬ѹƵ߰˰ˡ
ִˣ
ɱһҲҪӡһ飡
ಣ
ţСĸҼһתյյȥ
ڴӿռɱţһơٶȶһЩӰ죬ֻ˳մУ
Ƹˣɿ֮ǰյأ顢ž齻֣ʵӰ죬Ҳֻ֮ǰʵ
ʵʱ࣬ٶȻǼΪ£Ѳǰӵоơ
Сӣɻǵöϱ֮𣡡
һƬɫ磬ʮ
֮Աɫ˺ѡ
ֲʵ
ţ·뵽ڶʤݣʱô󲻷һǶԶԸһʵԿѹǣ
ɫҲһӺ󷽷
ִߣԼľŴǿߣ׷ž£ʩչϽӡˡ


1316 Թų
Ƭɫ磬֮Ҫ·µţɽ

Ƭɫ磬·йĳ־磬һɫ֪֮Ǻεͨ
ڼɱ
иֲٶȹʮϢ׷
˷յͻȻָоĪ⡢ΣصյأʱԵûǰ¡
ͻȻͷŸӦ״̬濴󷽣ƬաͻȻʧ
ͻͻ
˭֪һǰ󣬰Լؾ˲ݡ
ռĳԵжһ㣬ֲ˼ͨ
Ͽռ䣬˿ֲƻգ֮ӦˣԭƬռͻȻʧ
һɻƻֱ飬ƬղϢʣһ˲顣
ͻͻ
ռػΪ棬Ȼڳ桢Сţź󷽰װգһϢûУ·˲ǧףΪ˷档
⡭
·˺֣
ʱ׼߷С񣬴ʱϺţ֣ʵҲ޷ɻصĹơ
ˡ
󷽲װգ˲ƬգҲűʱ򣬺һ޷ƿصϲ
ǡСһʮ⡣
ʾ棬û˵ʲô
Ϸޡ֮УȻһ׷ԲԵš
һƺĥɵİɫȣһȵȥ
ƹֻѰϢδ̺
գ˲䷢һײƬγǧ׾˺ѿռ䣬·յط·ƾʧøɸɾһﾪԨ档
˿һĻռ˺ѣֻ˱ܡ
ץλˣϺꡭ
Թţϲû뵽֮ʣ˳
֮ǰյ֮УԹš
ǳ⣺ţлл㣡
ԹϽ顣
ʱɱǧ׺󷽸߿գ·ҲʶԹţԭֻϲϺ꣬ٻĴ½ñңҲֱ֮£
ԹŲƷشвٴ½жʤݣ񻹴ҰٻĴ½ǲ̫ˣ֮йԼ˭Ҳ̤Էڴ½ûȥٻĴ½ǵҰٻĴ½
ԼֻһЭ飬ҲȻЭ飬ٻĴ½ֻץСӣһ޹أԹţ㲻ҲΪһ࣬뱾԰ɣ
ٻĴ½ҵȵ̣ػҪץȥ½֮ţŻὫκϳƬ½ʱڴ½棬ץ˱ǣ
ߺߣԹžȻҪһ಻ɣ
ֻǲִˣ̫ˣҰٻĴ½һΣͻеڶΣ
Ҫˡ
Թһ仰˵·
˲˫ڸ߿գﶼһӡ
Գ֮ʣͻȻ洫ԹǸϽߣٻĴ½ִ˽Թ
ಣ
ʩչٶȣȥ
ߡ
߶ˣ̤׷ɱˡ
˲ɱһƬ⣬Ҳһ룬ͨƣɲǼΧ
־£ӳ߸߳Ϊ
ԹͻȻӶȣǧֺ
һ̣˶Ըɱ
Χֺ·˲䣬˹Ƶģƶץسɱȥ
һԪϣòѪһɱɱУɱ档
ֺ֦Χɱ⧲ʩչҲһʱ޷ƶֺѹ
֮У΢ת뺮ţȻͷŹƣһ齣
Χֺƶɾ컯ԹΪ˿ֲʩչ֮ɭ֣
Сȴ˾ռߣǿɲߣ֮УǾ޵еĴڣ½ȻҲ½ص
Թš
Ҳ˲֡
ɱɫɫХԹž
ǿ
о󷽽Ǳһʩչ˹ƣŵñһ󷢺ٴμʶ
ԹҲŹȺɱȥ
ɲǣǵɱһ
Χһ飬ȻΧռ
ʮռ䶼飬ظ˵ʮﻯΪ棬ʮɭ֡ɽҲΪƽء
ǰ𣬸߿飺ｻ֣ƷһĿ
ԺˣԹΪﵽ۷壬ɽ٣΢һ㣬ΪڷߡߵĴڣˣһĻǷ۷֮ս
ǰԹڵĸ߶ȣӵеʵ컯Ҫ׷Ŀ꣡
жʵֻϿ𺳡
䣡
䣬أԻΪ档
߿֮âɱһ𣬶޷Թšγ֡
߿ʮҲǻ𵴡


1317 ֮
ಡ
ͻȻԹŴ𵴻ĸ߿գ˺
֮¡Ϻ꣬ʵȱ㻹Щҿǲܶɹ٣ɽ磡
Թš
֣
оȫǰġ

֪һ¾նһŮˣɲǶʤݣֵܣƿµĵطǵĴ½ǵĴ½ƷﵽʵģҲǼ˰ˣ޷ִˣҲݲ
š
һ㵡
ţ־ȻҲ֪ŮӴˣ峤ɱˣ
峤Ǻһ壬ǿߣ
ֻΪ
ʱȴʮһɽ
Цߣ㣬峤ðɣǷҪ뱾ȥûˣǾͿ꣬Ǿ뱾ж࣡
ʥأֻ
һӰϡһλŮӡ
ɲסεԹţһɱƬɫ
æˣ˦ߣӳٻĴ½峤ֻס㣡
ãͷˡ
ȣ
һ磬̺ͨľ˺һߣڲԶԦĽ
˲飬߱һЩ֦סƿؽҲ֮ǰǰ
ǡ޼ǿ󷨱֮һȣ
߾һﲻԶӳɱƽǿ齣ЩƺΪԾһ޼ڲ֣Ī޼ձ⣬ѱ޼
棡
һڵɲɱ⡣
Χ֦˲䱻նϣ߽̤׷ɱȥ
˿̣֮УԺ״̬Ĵռ䣬ԪƮߣԸҪһЩʱ䣬ﶼǶڣһҪɱ²ܻɱҲҪǣһɱܿȥϣ
ǣ
ԦߣͿش֮󣬵ٶ˺󷽲ǧװգһ󷢳â
峤ԹڶƬռ䣬ʮǰ߿ս״̬治ϻΪ档
棬ͷˣ
Ȼڰ޻Ŀߣ
ʮϢ
˫޻Ŀ󷽣κյظϢ޷Ӱܣ޷ֹ׷ɱ
˫׷ɱ뿪ٻĴ½һյء
źǧף̤ߣϴ̫輦Ҫƴˣ
˭ܸˣ׷ܣ
ϣȻɱʵ̫ǿӾˣ֣ʱԷָʤ׷ɱʱûһ·
ʵֻܴﵽ޼۷壬ǰɣΪﵽɾӮǾӣţεûкɱ
жԶ򣿡
ˣŻаʱ
ٶȡٶȣ
ģʩչٶȣΪľ
źأλ嶼ûȥҲδЩá
Ժǻǣǻ̫Сռǿʬ壬ֻҪӳȥãʵһﵽһ߶ȣ
ʵҲͦΣòһˡ

ˣ㿴½ԶƬʣΪһ֣ǰȻͬζƷĻʲôţ
뺣ԽԽ
ţһ˫ͫ־֮ɫ
桢֮ȥԭԶ߿գƷ񷣬Ļˣơ
ĻΪһƬɫһƬɫһдˮī
ȷ죡
ƬǰٻĴ½񷲻Ϊյأ󲿷ֶ
ȻΪ˺ɫɫ֯쳡
Ҳڼ٣ƺظһ֡ԺĸоӦһԽͷͬѹһʯͷ
Ϊδ½Χ񱻺˳Ǻˮĺۼ
Խ뿪ٻĴ½о಻Ծĵطأкʬ壡
ԭؾΪ棬Ǻʬس
ɭûˣɽҲΪƽأִʬƯţǸǳʼá
ֳϤ캣
濴ҲǴĿģ뵽ˣӦʥھǴ׺ıХٻĴ½ҲشӰ죡
ţֻţǴ׺֮ңż׺ıĴХ˿ֲ𣿡
СҲţǰϴ캣ӰҲû˾ˣ캣Ҳܵһ
캣ǻᣬʥֻһͱֳֹȻ½ٻĴ½˷½̫ңԶʥھ꣬˭Ҳ̫ıԴҲߣɵĵıȻʮӰ죡
ɶʥ̣ϹݣϴǴһʼ㣬ڱ㣬Ǵǰʥ̿ʼƶϹڰһδΰš
ʥ̡
ʬĴأһеȷʥɡ


1318 Ħǿ
Ȼʥ̡
ʵҲϹһְоӪʱ滹Щͬξʥ̽ȻϹݡ
ϹݼпλԽߡ
常Ħˣ
ãһɷӺ󷽱ͻأԺ

תʱߣȻûʮڵһſɲͬпռɱ
󣿡
õʮڵơ
ˣģʮڵƷʣȻﵽƷ߶ȣ
Ҫģ
Ҳ˵ˣǧ꣬ƵʮڵѪںϣΪʮὣƷǰƷǱһƷҲȥ
ʮὣ
ڵ֪һЩĸ
Ȼɱʮὣʲôĸ
ʮڵʵҲһѵơӡʵضһģһǧɣһ׽΢ʩչľƷ࣬ƻΪ

һ˵Ϥˡ
֮УΪѵġ
ΪҪٵͬʱһڿƶɡ
ʦһڵǳοҪͬʱʮڵ
ݣ
գۼ䣬ʮὣɱΧ
ȣץƷȡ
Ҳץסɽںɱһɹɱ⺮磬ʱžžžʮὣɱһ
ʮὣ̫ԵϾȣǰƷʵҲٻʮὣơ

ߴʱ׷һ˫һ㣺ǰǺ򣬱ٸ˿ᣡ
᲻ǵģǲģߣ˵Ҿ͵ֵҷҪţ
һкܲ
ʮὣͻȻɢڱ⺮ϯ£ղˡ
ƷʣԼȻԦ
ݣ
Ȼ䣬ʮὣִ·ɱٶ֮죬֮ǿֲ̫
һڿڵĿռ䣬˺ѣ¶ٽһĿռѺۡ
ɽԣһ˲Ըô
ֲ˹
ںʵҲﵽ޼۷壬ԦȣҲܴﵽ޼۷塣
Ȼ֮ǰžɱľûΰ

ٱ⺮ŷһ˳ɱʮὣγһ㡣
ʮὣǿɱƱ㣬úȼһͬƷ

ߵиǸĪ⡣
Ͳһ㣬뿪½ͷӣţ֣һֱȴŻᡣ
٣
һƣչƱ١
߼գͻȻڸıӡ
ӡһᣬʮὣһΪڵռ䲻ˣڼ
үģ
ţץһ޽𵴣ɱһ⣬ϷΧγɴ
ݣ
˲䣬ʧڵȻϷΧһɱţɱĽ֮ϡ
һ飬ȻţеԼʵʮὣԼߡ

Ƿ߿ɱ֮ʣռ䷺һŤơ
˫üһڷɱ⣺
ˣ
ӰӸ߿һϮ
ˣ
桢ţֿȥϲԭȻǰĦ졢賤֡
һָӦˡ
ţ˷֣ĺòɰ
ˣԸߣΪִǰĿߣһ
ߴ㵡𺳣ԭ㲻û֮УˣΪˣ賤潫㾹Ȼָܻһʵ
֪֮ѣԪϣҲǸ߲ߣӦš
ԪϣǰǸ߸ϣ賤Ҳ䲻䳰ȷ
ĦͻȻӿԽ򣺡ǱˣԸߣִԪϣʵ̫ǿǶ˻֣
Ħ졭
Ȼ
߶Ի賤û˿ݣǼĦ֣¶أħȻѹǧ꣬ӳʮָܻ꣬ɣ챾ͽնɱˣųΪ
ߡĦһˣӭߣ
賤ɲ˻ϣ賤һЦϵܣڿɲһˣǣԺ̫ǿʱ֧Ԯ㣡
ҵȷһˡ
֣аĦ죬ͻȻԼƷ磬Ѳһɢޡ
һǿߡ
ʮὣ
ݣ
ɱͻȻĦΧɱȥ
߻һ㲻˵־Ͷ֣ǶҪԽնɱĦ졣
䡭
ʮὣٶ̫죡
Ħ쿴û׼ͻȻһȻΪſֲħɷ֮ħ档

һڿڵҲɱ밢Ħħ֮С
𺳵ǣʮὣûɱѪ䣬ƺû˵Ħ죬ΪħİĦ죬һЩضʮڵס


1319 ʮὣû

Ħֵ߽ɲǣ˭Ҳû뵽ִ˿޵ԪϹƣĦ⡣
ʮὣʯȻĦʯһڿڵǿħ֮С
Ħʵ˰Եʮὣɱڣ֮Ϊħ״̬Ȼû˵
ħ״̬ҵɲ֮ͬǹƲʲôħȻͷǿҽѪħƣҸо⸱ħ״̬һ
ĪǾԪеġҲǰĦУΪħ
Է飬ħȻʮὣҲ޷⵽ٳֲԪɳħ֣ϧ붫ʤΣҪõĦ죡
Ϊ𺳵Ȼ档
Ӫȳһǿߣûмһ˳֡
֪ЩžͷȻΪ죬ʵǿ󣬱Ͼ֮УִشϾһʵҲ漣
ĦʱչֵԼʵȫһߴͬȸ߶ȵľͷ
ҲľͬȾͷǰʧȥǰǷϣշħѪħ̺֮ħѹǧ꣬ϧûд˳칦
ĦͻȻħ֮Уӣħ޷ѪħǰɣҪɱҼˣȻǲеģ
ҪѹƱʮὣ
ͻȻֿʼ
䣡
סʮὣ𺳽Ȼһħò顣
ִΪԪϣʵٻЩ࣬˷ǧ꣬ûǧ꣬ʵһ֣
ʧȥһ̣ĦͻȻֻΪħ棬ɫӡħ֮лһڿڵ
ɡ
ǵ̶ȣǷǳ˵ģ֮֮࣬ϽĦʼ޷ѹԶ
˾ȥɱԾ͸ˡ
˽֣ɱþ춯أü롣
á
ƺ˲䣬Ħ潻ʲô
Ħͷ漸Ҳ
߼˻ϣüҪ֣ɵЦһ֣ͬߣ֣ҪѹƱҲǳ룬Ϊﵽɾ۷壬飬һһ飬֮ѹϷ򣿡
ݣ
һڿڵԹ켣Լٶɱˡ

ҡһ
Ħ쵱żˣٴλûΪӾħ״̬

һɫʮὣħ֮Уħ֮зǳסһڿڵ
ಣ
ʱ˿̣ͻȻħ֮С
ݣ
лӶץɽ
𣡡
ĦħҲڴʱһɫǿнʮὣͬһ߶ȡ

ɽһ磬ʮὣϡ
ƷܿȾƷʮὣ½ȴɽ˲նϽ
ۣ
һ֮ߣȫͷԦʮὣ
ħ֮УʮὣɽնϣҲúһӿѪ
ߣ
ħͻȻʧ
桢賤Ħ졢ţһͬתٶȷԶ
Ϸġ
˿̣Ҳ޷ţһζεƬڰ׹䣬һѪ
Ϸǧ꣬ٵƵĽ

һ᲻׷˵ͷҲʧˡ
ĺߣĿ͡
ʮ֮⡣
̲ס̾Ϣƻòᣬʮὣִˡʤ˭˲֪˭˲ǿǽ֮£Ȼ˸ˣǿ⽣̫̬ˣ
ɽȻΨˣߵİ취
ĦҲˣעź󷽣棺ֶߴΪ̫죬ɽٷһ֮ңʩչɽҰĦвҲ޷˦ˣ
Ĳʮὣɽһ飬֮ǰԶԸߣʮὣǽһڿڵԼУʩչɽҲ޷һ˲е޷κߣһ֣
ҲһĵЦݣʮὣĸαҪ

ǰ࣬ǺʬľͷǺ޼ʵ
ӳˣ
賤ӼˣںԶһ׺ȴţǿڰʱϹȥ
תۣ󺣣û뵽Ưĺʬ壬ж٣
ͷͨ㣬ֺһЩ޴ĺʬ壬Щʬڱɹ·
ƽ٣
ıһȻһƽ١
Һþʱ߲ٺ֣ȻĻиຣ޹
ٿĻȻһƬҰףһƬڰɫ֯ɵĻ֮ǰһĻ


1320 ֮ŭ
Ħ÷̾ϢƷرˣҲˡڶ̶̼꣬ʧһ룬ˣϢʥ½ѱħ££ʥ½Ӵ˹ħ̣֮Ϊħ½
һ˴ϢѺ䶯Ʒ磺ʥ½ǿǾŴ
˫սǲŰ˴ʵɳٸִ֣֧Ԯʥ½˭Ҳû뵽ħǿƻʤرǨƳʥ½
Ʒˡ
ʥ½ħ£
Ʒ翴Ҫˣ
ħ½ĪħʲôϵɣħħۺϴԪħпǷħħںԷħ۵شŴ
˼һᣬͻȻĦߴ١
ԭ˶ӦӰٻĴ½Ƿ׷һɷǳǴӴ½ϿֱӴն
ˡ
׷ɱĪԹš峤ͷ
룬˶ʱȥ
ҲȡϵǱ½С

һɿ磬ɫӰٻĴ½Ƿһδն

˸Ӧսת󷽺
һһҲ亹ֱð
ԭ󷽺߿գ֮У纣¥һ㣬Ӱһ޴ޱȵӰ
Ӱڸ߿֮зԾҶףǱȻ׷ɱ
׼Ǳ
ûӣٶȳԽ
취ϢҪɱ
ȥԶٻĴ½ףкܴܡ
ǾأҲŹǣȻǰԵ죬Ӿ֮д
ٿˣͲǧ׾ܷ뺣棬Ưĺʬ壬Ŀġ
֮У
ף˾ܶ뺣档
ȴڴʱ˿̣Ǻ󷽸߿ͻȻһƬǧ׾˿·ɫ
ſ𣬵ϸһһɷ

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˷뺣棬ɱǧռ䣬׷飬Ҳգۼ䣬ɫɷѹ
ۡ
ƽ棡
桢Ħ졢˶ɷɱ׷׼ಫ
澹ڴʱͻȻԾһž޴󺣹ԴԽˣһײƬ߿һͬʼ顣
ڹԴײ£顣
ǰԴ֪˭ˡ
ԭ˫ͷ
Դռ䣬ַ֮֮ĵ̣Ǹ̤һ֮Уɱ
һ֮ͽɱУ߿һͬ顣
桢Ħ졢賤ˣҲͬǿռ䣬һδš
ǼΪǿ־Ҳᱻ

ͬʱ߿գһɫ𣬼Ծ

֮лûΧռ飬̶ֲֿȣԻɱκһࡣ
࣡
߲ѣߣǴӲӴǲ̤ҲĪ£
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ǳ⣺½صǵȻܣ㿴˷½۵ļһ
Ƣ˭˴˵󷽣ϲ
ߣǷҪΪУΪκβ㣬죬ʰ㣡û뵽˲ˡ
ܣǹƴʮ꣬ҲֲʤСǾûˣȥǴ磬ҵȵģ½ض޷ƿأ
˵û£ı½ٻĴ½캣ȵȴ½Ա꼰
ҪӽԺ˭£
ţ֮вҪ塣
㣡
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ͻȻǿŴԴһ˳ˣ֮½Ǳ롣
ܼҲʧ
ع
ۿԴû뺣棬ʧƬգͻȻɱһһɶ೤һְ״Ĺ
·˶ûע⵽ڹ䵶ɱ
ܾͻȻԺųХˣпµԽ޼Ϸ

֪ͨ˫ͷ
ת֮ʣϷռ䱻ٳΣǺڶǺӣȺҪֲٱ
Ǻ֮УȻһױȣħѪɫ䵶
Ҳ֪䵶Ʒʣռ䡣
֮ͷ̫󣬷ӦԳٶۣ䵶ڵڶϢɱо
ܽռΣ䵶Ҳˣ֮Σ
ƴˡɽ
ʱӴֱľǲ״̬
ţҲսţʱ֣ǿڹ䵶ɱһ䵶һþˡ
Χ֮УĦ죬Ҳʵȥ䵶


1321 ױ֮
Ψɽ
ɵ
߶һɱ
һֲŭ֮ͬһΧ
߳
һֲߵ磬Ӹǧ׺ͻȻɱĿǿڹĴ䵶
Ӻ󷽳֣һ˫Ѫͫ׹⣺Ҳˣ
䣡
ɫɱüʱڴ䵶ɱھϷʱջд䵶׹֮һӳٹ䵶ơ
˿׵֮Ҳ޷˲ѹ䵶
Ϣ䵶ű׹йƻ顣
ãû˿Զ档
һɫӰ˸һЩ׹⣬Ǻ֮Ӱ֡

˫ͷһģһ
ץǿµعױ֮û뵽ҲƬ֮ˣǼסշ˭Ҳ֪ǻ꣡
ǵӰ֡ױ֮Ӧˣ˱޳ܣϧûнɱ
Ƕ˼꣬Ҳûиʤ֮𣬶ݲһǿûռϷ硣
Ц֮ʩչعʧȥ
ǵӰҲŻ˳Ķȥ
֮
ʮ֮ңĺ棡
ɳۣʹǰƿն
߾㵹޼أ
ʱҲҪǻɱʱû뵽ױ֮Ⱥ֣Сӡ
ױ֮ǿɶǴʮ꣬Ʒ֮еߣ궼ں
Ҳ֣֮ȱˣǵκδȲϵģٿ棬ֻһ漸֮ϵһ𡣡
Ҫɱ
ɱ㲻ǲ֪жȥҲᱻѹƣʵֻܷӳɣ޷޼
ʵǺã
֮ǰʱʥܵõ޼õٻĴ½峤ͷ˺ƤҲ⣬Ҳ棬һֱʱ䲻ܵõ޼Խ쿪ʼصǴŴʽħʥԼǹս

ȻʣǿӦ
һһٴʧ
ǧ׺ˮ֮С
桢Ħ졢賤ţվھһŴ֮У𺳿ǰһ׾޴İɫ֡
Ǿ֮ױ֮
Ҳ֪ױ֮ĴڣȻ棬Ħ졢ţ賤˵ױ֮Ĵڡ
⻹ǵһμ֮УڶԵ
ױ֮ǻʵۡ
ױ֮һ޴ױ֮Ȳ˫ͷһЩ޴󺣹֣ʵӹɵģǹܼԦ׵硣
ڣСӣڱһʱ䣬ˣ½ʲôܸӦͲҷöһӣܱܿˣ
ǰģ뵽Ŀ£ʹӦˡ
Ҳ߶ںϵظӦ֮Ǳ½ԶٻĴ½
Ѫ֮ϢĦ졢賤˶컯ţСǳռʬ壬Щͷʬ壬ԼԴʯ߶컯ɾ
Ҳںһʬ徫ʱ״ֽ̬ӽ쾳۷塣
ҽκʱǿ
ˣ뿪ʱ䣬Ǳ½ǧǿߣƽԻָ߰˰ˣ컯ʵָųɣ
ҲнϤǱ½
ֲ賤Ħʵﵽ״̬ԴԼ컯ǹؼ
ǽһ
ʱ
ҶȻͷһ⡣
Զʤִ˸߲㣬ҲԺ̫ϴֳɲÿ˴ŵ⣬֡
֪ѳǲһ¡
ȻϤ𣺡տԺϸ߲㣬ִͬˣҲǽ֮µĸ߲㣡
ȷ賤Ҳʶ
겻ѣǶǹȥˣЩһֱ˺׷ɱˣʧܣҲνʵԺͲԺִ˸߲㣬һˣ
ĦҲǳˣӭ𣺡ʵǿǵɾʵǿһ֣
ЩΣǰʦ޼ھѣӴԺǱ½ΪӪСǿȡʱ䣬ʵٴһ߶ȡ
濪ʼ˵˶ʥ̡ħԼǻռ½̫ǿһԸִԼŴ˭ʤҲҪһս
޷ģ˶ĬˣҪִˡħʥ̵ʤ
ͻȻ˵ˣǵˣǰ֮ĵط
ֹͣУͷŸӦӦǰвٺ֡
һǳµĺϢ΢΢ͷš
ټϾԼԶױ֮ȷߣۼ֮¡


1322 ߵĺ
˽𺳣ߵϢֻһ㣬ҲһоΪСΪǿ
ƵϢ
û뵽ǰϢ֮УҵϤϢ
һĻӣơ
Ҳˣ
ء
ຣַ˷ܸߺ֮ȫޡ
ģ˫ͷſ죬˱ݱƯ𣬲ſΧǺ֣Ҷʵﵽ޼ĺ֡
ж٣

ʱ̫࣬оΪһʯ֡
ƣһֺ֣ԻΪ״̬
ٿױ֮Ǳ𣬶ƺ󷽣һɫ㣬һצӣӳҲ׾޴
ǵ֮
֮ں֮ҲơĸףߣƷ纣ס
л㣬ǶԸʥ̣ǰ֮У˵
Ҳں֮ܣ棬ǳ򵥣
ں֮Ĭ֣޲ڣΪ֮ǰܹȷ֮УʡǱǾ޽еĴڣϻдƷؾԴ½Դں˴½ԴҲڵõƷ˵ıӻ
֮Ư롣
ոǇNɪǰƢõһǳԵķױ֣֮αҪˣ
ں֮һǵ𣿻ƷʤݵشﲩϹżӦ÷ǳ
ױ֮˵һ䵶ǵɱһռ˲ʩչԽһ죬˲ˣ
֪Ǻεȷ
߶Իʱ֡඼޷졣
վĿӿǼΪعɲƷ֮
ں֮𣺡˺ǿҵĶʤݾǶʤʿ
֮ǰִ˿޵һޣҲԺһ̫ϴϣڸҼˣԶʤݼоų˽⣬λᵽǼ䵶ǵعǴӶʤ·֮ʥռȡģһɽɱ
ɱ
ٺ֡Լˣ𺳡
ֽǵεģҲعѹǵħȦǷ֮ŵع֮ǰʥȡʱģִ޸ãʱ䣬Ŵһֱû˼ԭͳΪз
ԭϽıֲһ̣Ʒκʡ޷赲ױ֮һ̾
ԼǼʤݴ϶ˣҲǶʤΪϵ
ں֮˼ʵƽĿ⽥ϣߣ棬ΪľҪԸʥ̣ʥٴھԼıԴͳƶ׼ȷ鱨ʥڼڣһڲͬ׺崦󣬿ԼıԴԴʧȥһ룬ƷҲϡ֮һ
ʥ̻һ㲻ɵƻƷ磡ðĦɲͷһЩħ
ΪϹŶĦȻ֪ıԴھ֮Ӱ졣
ںֵ֮ǻ֪½Լһִ½֮µĴ½ԴԼҲʥ̡ӡħߣ½ҲܵӰ죬ȥǧ꣬Ʒͻ𣬵Ǵ½٣һȥ
ױ֮ҲͶΰ壬ƷˣֻǺܱƷ磬ŴִǲǺģǼ룬ֻȿǺ֮ǻϵ캣ٻĴ½ǼһͬƷ磡
ʱ˿̣˵ۻ⣬ڳˣоǰδеΣ
湫ȻظߣΪƷ磬ҽԲƴǣǶλϣػƷ磬ҪģǶͿء
ں֮ףǣҲϵ½ϵĴǾ½Ѱټֹھ½ԴҲٻĴ½ѣһشֹһ½ҲûܴЩУıԴԼ½ԴֲӡĳƷڼǧڵõת
ಣ
˲죬һ
Щߡ
ױ֮ǳƣκһΪã´ǿУںƣúǱǱ׷ɱ
ǵˣصһ壬Ҳʥ̼ɣں֮ͻȻһͳ
Χһӿ˻ں֮ױ֮Ŵ־ţȥ
Ҳ洫
һӵ޼۷ĺ裬ڣǱȥ


1323 
ڣ
ţһУһ֮ǰ˵ÿ仰
˵ƣ˵õƲ࣬ħʥԼǹؽ֮ӶᣬκʿѹҲɱ䣬һɲڣ֪ԩ
˼֮ǰҪ㣬ִ˶Щж˽⣡
ִˣɳٲʿǱȥ̽ջǲٵģħڣħ½֮ǰǶͻȻڶ̶һʱ䣬·ħڣһͳħ½Ϊ䣬һΪħ۵ħͷħͷûκΪƷǿߣӦλ磬һԽߡ
ʥ̣˻ȡҲ࣬Ψһ϶ʥ̵䶼ŮӣҴӻɱʥ̽ͽйѪռʥǿߣпҲƷǿߡ
һؽŪģΪһΪͻӡЩԳԡֵ۹ǷٲϣҲڡֵ۹Ľܣ
ѹֵ۹ǿߣȻЩʿϢƷ磬ԭǴԽߣҲλߣһΪֽ硯λ磬Ʒ֮ϸ߲Ǻ֮Уϧ޷֪Ⱥ˱
һ˫˫ڴ£ִ֪ϸ˳
ɲǼ䣬ÿ˶
ʥ̣ȷħֵ۹صλ磬ǶǴԽߡ
˵֮еĴԽߣȻƷ硣
ֲ׶½ʥ½Ŵִ˴Կͷ
ҡͷֵ̾۹ЩʿҲ޼ʿκһ޼ʿʵ޼䡢ʵһ˿ԶԸǶˣֵ۹һͷ޴ץʿõķԽƷ磡
Ħüͷλ磬һԽλ磬һҰҲ̺λĴԽߣʵλ֮ϣ
СͻȻñ壺ʲôϴץһЩֵ۹ǿߣϾǲҲӵλ
򵱼ͬ˵һð취Ƕ컯ȫλ̺λ羫ʱϾӵгԽƷλߣҲڳԿ
㣬ץֵ۹ЩλãȿǱ½ص½ƻ
浹ӿٶȡ
׷ɱȥꡣ
ˣһص档
յͼһⷽ򲻵ԶٻĴ½ҲԶ캣λڻʼ½½
ҲڣǱ½໹ҪܸϹ
һϣһУͬʱҲȴϡ
þ󣬼˷ֲڵС
ʩչɲ߶Ѫɫ࣬ǿʬ徫Ҳ벻پˡ
Ҳж컯Ϊ֮ǰЩֹ
컯ĲиͬϾǰ޼ڣԼħ½Ѫħɵľ
ͣ
ãϿʼӿƣΪǿ߾ʱȫԴһֳ״̬
ɫʯѪɫ֮Уںš
о״̬£ֻжͨԪԼ˲иӦ
ͨԪʶ֮أ˲һϢ·һأϢ
ԭǿ飬ڶʤݣ֮İƴСرʯ
ϴͻƣʯ½ԴԼһգޱȿֲӶҲ뱦ʯںϣʯӦҲƴ½Դ־˵Ĵڡ
ϧ̫߼أ쾳޷
ȫ£嶼ʹ࣬ΨѪɫ֮У΢΢⻷ıȻ󣬸оһ硣
ϧ޷Ԧ
ͣ
ڣһɽ˫ͫ˫

žž
ȫӭ飬ʹݡ
ɫ԰ףȴϲЦݡ
ΪһӶ쾳䣬䣬ʵٴξʵڶ쾳䣬޼䡣
ˣԪҲ֮ߣ״߶СɽСǧȵȲ
ں϶ԣʵȥ
ͻƺʵ֮ǰñϹֲþ֮īɽׯͻƶ쾳䣬Щʵڴͻ䣬ȷʵʵʵ飡
常Ϲٿʵ˹ΪңԶڻþ֮г٣ͻһ磬Դ˸ҵʶ
ɵãͻƴһЩ䡣
īɽׯ
֪ΪΣīɽׯֻ棬Ȼ췢һʵ
ǻþ
ʱͷˣĪ̫ڴˣ˻ֶΣҲֻоֿǶ쾳޼Ҳδ޵ãοĦ졢ϹֵɾͷֲĻ


1324 ع½
潥ƽϢٶīɽׯЩ棺ˣһǵڰΣ
ϹݿǱ꣬ĦʵǱϾͷȴҪ˴ֶΣƿˣҿĿģҪ
ʵҲŪס
侲֮ȫ顣
֮󣬵ʱʼ鵤ҩϽ֮ʼ
ڽӦΪϢҲΪӦһ֣Ϊ޵ζ
쾳䣡
֮ڳһ֣أΪﵽ޼䡣
һΪУøոͻƶ쾳棬ڶ̶ʱ䣬ʵﵽ߶ȣﵽ˵ز
ԪնϴϾ͵ˣ
ٹҶУպҲͻƵһ߶ȣһЦǱ½֡

Ӧ֮оͳϤޱȵǱ½硢ڰѪԨ桢ɡӡߵ˵Ϣ׷
ԶԶǱ½ںҡҷ棬һͬǱ½
ɡѪԨ桢ӭӣֻصǱ½
Ǳ½ʼһ
ǧӶʤӳǿߣԻָųʵһǿơ
Ҿۻ֮ᵽ캣ٻĴ½֮ãᵽƳڵ޼³˽֮УֽΪߡ
ɣȥͨʮڵ
ڽʮ꣬龳δﵽʮȥ龳Ҳв٣һЩʳɫĵӣڳ߾硣
һжǶ컯Ĳ
ΪЩʳɫĵٶȣ˿ģóǿʬ徫Ƴһſţ̺޼߶ѪظЩӷá
һѪЩӣֲ޼СͻƸӳ衣
桢˶һɸ߾ǿھǿֲٶȵõ

磡
岻ΪΪصĴڡ
ƶƶȻװһӴ
־СǧͬʱҲſʼ˼֮ǰڰ޻ĿѹʩչΪӤħ̥󷨣һٴηӡ
Ժ֮У֮ǰʶѱ󲿷֣ʣһֱһԪƳӤħǿɡ
ʴҲԪȥһʶ
˿ᡣ
ѹڽʾɵһǱĵӣһ
ӴˣӵһʵɹΨԺ
֪һصҲ¶衣
Ҳڵ֮Уһ컯һЩ֮ɲ
زѪռֶ𻢣Ѫٴһ߶ȡ
ͨԪҲ٣ĵ¿ø
ȫѪҲʱʩչһѪʵӦܴﵽ޼䣬Ҳпܵġ
ﵽ߶ȣɽʯסɫһںϡ
Ѫɫռǿ鱦ʯ
ͨԪںϣҲĿǰΪֹΨһһںϲʩչķ
ɫںϴﵽɣҲмѺۣȻ½֮ںǳѣڲȻһӴ
Ժ֮ͨԪ񸽽ӡʯףǾ͸أʱʱ΢΢Ϣδͷһ˿Ϣںϡ
ɽҲˣ
ڱδͷϢգȫڱҲδչ
еβζ
һǱϧֻʩչ
Ƕ࣬޷ʩչҲǹεġ
ԼһΪﵽ쾳۷塣
ۼи½ءƣһһڳɶ޼ǿߣгԽ޼Ĵڣ˭𺳣
ҲϷߣѴɺҪֵֹ۹ħʥھ½κ½Դ޷½ֻпڣ֮УҪԼϰ֣ǰ˷½½һһ
ȱ̬ȻغƷ磬ÿ˶ڶһӣκκҲӣ
ǿҲ׷ͬ
вٴǱ½ȥǿߣŴִ֣֮Ǳ½ѲܣڹҲʲôţжҪСģκη紵ݶҪڵһʱ䣬໥ͨ
ڴ󲿷ָָ֣Ʋ֮ھҪִˡŴħʥֵ̡۹Щ棡
ܿϰٸ֣Ҫȥִ
ʣ´󲿷ˣ涣Ϊ
ۻðĦ졢ʩչ컯ƳѪЩͨС


1325 
ѪڣڶʱĹؼ֮һ
ж컯ûгһԴҪǿҲҪܳһ̡
Ħ졢ǧӳǿߣнΪﵽɾǰǿߡ
һʱȥѰ常Ħ죬֮ǰ׷ɱơѹֲʧ
״̬ﵽ쾳۷壡
ͷŸӦǱ½桢һںϡ
ظӦ֮УȸӦǱ½ǽеһͷ
簢Ħ졢ӡ
н˶ʵм˸Ϊǿ
޼λߡ
žͷ֮Уһˣɲ⡣
꣬޼ڵߣ˿еϲ
߱Ѻ꣬Ҳ˵˭Ҳ˵֮ߣ޼Ǻεȵλ
ˣһ֣Ǳ꣬ҪʱָһָʵȻĦ죡
ߣžͷҲȥ½ߣǶʤݣҪȥȪɽȡ
֮󣬰Ħ졢ӵʮͷһ뿪Ǳ½ǰ½ʥ½½ɳ½ʼ½ȵȥħʥֵ̡۹
Ǳ½ͽ޼Ͼ硢賤ڰѪԨ桢޼ߵ˿أһУ桢ţ뿪Ǳ½
ϹŶʵָѿƿغǱ½ܻصߡ
һ͵ڶһֻ۾
ڴ𣬾˶ִ˵˽⣬ִˣɶıߡ

֮ϣɫīɫһֿҲǰ㣬Ծ
ЦеػΪ뺮ϣϴҷĻʼ½
治˼˫ȥֵ۹Խʼ½Ȼɳ½ȥʤݣ
˲䣬Ϣıòţһ۶ȥ
ԼĪһ¡
ӦϤʼ½Ϣ
ʼ½ޱϤҲǿĵطղаššŽɡħڡɽڵȵ
ˡ
ͷظӦ״̬£һΪӦʼ½ϢȻ˶
ڶ֮Уץһ顣
һΪ⣬ǰõǿ飬ʥ½Ͼͷȫߵķ
Ҫ֪նҲкܴڻһЩؾ
Ҳ֪صأûҷѩڱ𡭡Ժð꣬뷽ѩɱϣǿаڶöǻ档
Īȫڻʼ½ʥ½ħ£Ŵִܵشȫߵصӣʼ½
ֳ˼һᣬʼ½
ԼĪһʱܿʼ½˭ָ֪ӦԼϢ
һϢойϤζ
ƣ
жԻʼ½ƣΪ档
ʼ½ǻʼ½һвپŴִǿߡ
ץסһķһᣬ³ʮӴ
ǿƣ׷׹һͷ죬Ӻ¿ʼ½
ѿʼ½ߣӦŴϢ֮ǰǵصϢ
ضҶԣֻйӴԼȫߡ
͸ȴһᣬڰ׺֮£ܿһЩŴ֡
иŮӣȻصĲŮ
벻ԵǱƵصӣһЩԼִִ߱ӦҪȥʼ½
дˣ¸Ӧʼ½вִϢвִǿߣ
˵ʼ½ʱΪִһʱӪ
ϴ쿴
ƺ鷢
ԭһٶӣǸո̤ϻʼ½ͱӳЦִ˫໥ɱ
ʧȥִҲħгԴЩŴҲʼڧ
棬ܿϰٵӣ󲿷ֱӽѵΧִִߣҲûȥֹ
֮ŮʱҲֻɱ
ִˣ
ʾ⼸ѹϢ
½ͻȻһЩһŭɱȻֹ
˾ڶʤ֮£һ棬ǵʿ֮Уվ۷ǿߡ
У
У߻һЩʱЩԺš
罹Ծ
г֣ɱȻֹҲظָ˻ϡ
ڼͷϴ뼸ִڽ΢΢أ
Щ
˼ʯ£ЩִߣҲͲһ


1326 ;ɵ
Ȼһִ߼ЦӦػżӣʲôʱˣվһֱǶԸħͲˣǻǣһֱʼ½
ǻҪһ·ԴԴɷḻˣ֮ӦöϽˣ
ɲһʧȥʥ½󲿷ԴǽԴ˳֮һӳȫȥ½ٽҿزˡ
ҪסԴ͵ͬԴһҪϸıãĪħлɳˣħһѰ
ҵȶϴģ
ЩִߣеϹŶһԴš
ִһִߣԶȥʣЩִߣŴӣ֡ɽ֮Ǳ
³귢̾ϢŴǽʮҵĴڣ£Դḻû뵽ȴסħϮ
û뵽ĪЦҵǶԴȤ
ϴرǸȫ߲е𣿡
ղҲЩִ߶ԻȻִձأԴҲִ˵ģǶִ˻ʲô
Ҳǰ
ҪײҪ
ţҲͬ뷨ȡԴ
Ƚʼ½УһЩ㣡
ŴԴôḻ
һΪԴһҲʼ½ڲƣӦ£̤ϴ½ƹִߡŴѲߵش˳ٴ̤ϻʼ½
ǻʼ½Ҳǻ̫ڵľ
Ҳǻʼ½֮УǿĴ֮һնŽеһȡ
̤أЩİֻⷽȥԵҲǵɼϽǷ߽硣
;һЩСǣʿѲߣҲмپŴϡ
Ŵִȫʼ½ǻʼ½Ĵ֮һɱŴ١
Ŵִʼ½Ȼǰǰڡ
úץһһʣʳ鱨١
ǵ֪ʼ½ӾŴִ˺ִŴŻʼ½ȫ׼ţħһս
ֵ֪򵺴½ֵ۹Ҳˣֵ۹֡
ʼ½ΪءʱĴӪ
ŴԻʼ½ΪģԸʥ½ħԼ½򵺴½ֵ۹
֪һ鱨ٴζƷƿء
ŴִҪԻʼ½Ϊսֹħֵ۹½ƣ
ӦˣƷ˷½ʥ½½ħֵ۹ȡ򵺴½δ֪ʧȥ½ھŴִ˶ԣȻһǰδеΣ
ҲĿ壬в뷨ִˡŴҲǹ޳ܵģʼ½ûоŴκа̵ǲԻʼ½Ϊ޼ɵֵ۹ħս
뵽һ㣡ֻ
Ŵִ˴Ӫڻʼ½棬رȻҲǹȥ
Զ
Զأ漸ܸӦӵϢ
ʦ֮ƻӻ֪
ԭΪϧҲδӿϧ
ң뵱а֮ʱÿΣգǻ
⽭ϧջûпʼ֪ܺϢضᱯʹ
죡
ʼ½ؽġ
ˣյ棬ҲӦǶ߽磬Ŵִ˾
棡
ɱҲѩõʯף֤ħ۵ĸ
ֵطôǣ
ˡ
ֹȥ졣
ѸӦŴϢִߣ
ȴ֣ԭӦһЩϤϢɵ
Ҳǵһ̤ʼ½ںҲʶ̡
һЩӦپŴϢϢǻʼ½ʿ
овɵϢħֵ۹ƲɵǨƣ½
ҲεִˡŴӻǲȥ
˶ͷŸӦע˷һ֡
˷֣žϲϴҸӦϢԺ߻һΪﵽɾŮӣҲӵƵѪϢԼɵϢ
Ƭ̼䣬治ٳüˣӦþ̣ԺĹùãΪ㣬ԺǸ߲㣡
㣿Ҳͦ⡣


1327 Ԫ붫Ž
ȻҲ֪㡣
ֵŮԺţҲһĵذţǱˣû뵽ǵɾΪͻƵɾ̶̼ǧܴ꣬޼̤ɾ֮еţҲߣ֮ǰһƷδһĶ
ԭ˲һǧǰ޼ĵذתھǵɾ
һɰ
ϸӦһ΢΢ȫϢҲػжʮӻҶǾӢ
Үʴ͡ҲУһвһѪϢʿҮ޵۹ҲǨƶ
ڣҲӣûзѩϢѩϴζȣ㣿
Ҳ֮С
ӦϤϢ

һЩŴǳǿߣȫ־Ŵ߲㣬ִ˵Ŀߡ
һϢǳϤԭʱǿǶʤ塣
滹賤һЩǿߡ
ʤ˲ǿߣŴϣҪڻʼ½ֹħԼֵ۹ǰ
ˡ

ͨӦ漸Իʼ½ƣ˽֮ʣȻһЩʿ
һħ
ڽѪħķϢ
ħ
ôھŴִ˴ӪҪ֪оŴִǧʿٻ޼ľͷ
Ϣ֮ʮʿɳһ˲ϵԻʼ½򣬵һŽɵӡ
ŽȻϤɶŽʲôʱѪħĵӣ
ܿʮ֮УһߣǶŽɴ磬ҲͷϢӦƤ㣬ЩѪ֮УӡȽѪħơ
ȻѪħӵΪ
ҿӦǶŽһ߲㣬ΧӶͿЩ˲ȥ
ѪħϢأҿܲԾʼ½ڷħôɾħǿ߳û
ڶϢ;ħ߿
Сںţ룬ͨ޼ǿ߶ԣֻеѶѡ
ڻع飬˵ʮҲӦǰʮϢ
붫֮桢ԷǳϤĴ½Ϣ
ϧšаͳΪȥ
ǰԼĪ죬ħߴŶŽɵӣֱŽأܿжŽɵӸӭӡ
ˡ
ӦŽΧΧͷŸӦû뵽ڶŽɵΧЩѲߵ֮УӦʮؽѪħϢħ֡
Ǹ֣Ϊ޼䣡
ŽƺΪħ
ŽڵƷ磬ֻŴ̫࣬ʤҶ£Žʲô
ո˵뼸˾ȻĴ붫Žɵ
ż꣡
ǻᣬŽɶԣڵִһްһĴڣڶŽǰһСࡣ
Ȼ񣬶ŽУҲֻһͨˡ
ǵһŽɵоκİвҲаԹϢȽŨҡ
ûܷϢ
㣬ŽһƣڲһƬռӡ
ͷŸӦһᣬ츳Ѵ硣
һ˲䣬ӦһٶӵоħϢħǿߣǽ޼۷壬۷Ĵڡ
м˾Ȼǵɣ
һʮɣôˣʵеһƴ
ͷ
Ȼħľͷħɢ޵ĻĻۼôħͷ
츳룬⼸꣬ʵҲﵽ޼۷壬Խ޼ӦȻ֮ǰ֮
ģʾ档
Ҳţ
£
ܿ죬һᡢޱȿ˫ͫһħͣѽŴִ
滹Ҫ⣬ԾⲻԪնŽţΪԵɷŽȺħۣҴ붫ʤݵԪ
ǸԪڶʤǻᣬ˶֣Ҳ̾Ϣһ
һˣϢǳȴžԪڲ֣ҲƿأбЩϣԳΪ°ܽǷˣ֮£ͱ׷ӴǶŽɼħΪ
ԪЦöŽɵҲн죿գǸֵһĵǰǲǺܲҸᣬѡΪУҲں
˷󣺡̫̰ģɷõڲɼأˣ
ҲĻǼ⣬֮ħԣ㶫Žھֻϣ߼Ϊм


1328 Ժ
˼ʣƵ⡣
棺ˣóԪȻ˶Žɣѹ˶Žɵ
ԪֶΣϢʼ½¶Žɡ
ҲǴΪԾԪʵһγϡ
ʱ츳Ӧ֮УŽٴΰ󣺡ԪŽɣӴԺҵȽ㰰ǰ󣡡
ҵҲǣ
ʮߣ޼۷ĴڣмΪҲﵽɾ
Σ
һŸ߲㣬ʵۣڻһҪǰͬһڵĵӿͷģ
ֿ˵ԸŴִˣǶŽȫ԰㣬ŴѺǶŽɣǰšǲԻʼ½ΪֹħԼֵ۹
ѻ֪óԪƺȤ
ŽǾŴšִǿɻУһ֮ǶŽɼħ
˼ħһͳƷ磬Ҫ㶫Žɣ
Ҳ˼
ԶĽͣСҡβ
磡
Сһ֮ԱǣϴⶫԼɸ֣Ҳ̫ûˣԪų㣡
ҿǶŽһڸûеЩˣӦñԪ÷ӡħӤħ̥󷨵ֶοƣòˣԪտڶʤݳɣ˵Ԫʵɲһİɡ
˵ȷҲоԪж
Ҳòϡ

ͻȻӦ״̬£ԪͻأİԵЦ
䣡
һ˲䣬һ𵴣ڲĳ
㡢úĵģ
Զţ㲻˵ġĹǣ
־塢Ъ˹ķŭХ֮ǰǰ
֪ԪħʵԽǣҡβô뿴ꣿ
ʱԪôҲǶŽţڻʼ½Զ½Ҳ˽֪ȴٺıң
ΪŽɽľŬУδöŽɳΪʼ½һ
ŽУһͥ벻ҵʦ߲˺ģΪɷ֣
֮أҲʥأȻһܹңԻ˶ŽɣЩϲ˽Ӫ˽ᵳΪ棬ƿκε;
ˣŽɼһʸ֦ǲãһһǧʿҶ֪Ϊ壬Ⱥžͷ磡
˽֣ңҲԹңʱһδ׷ɱûһ·˵Щû˼ȳ׻Ϊ֮ǰڰɣţ
벻Ԫʱ˿̣ҲЪ˹
ڱ֮ʣȴ˵Щ߲㣬޻˵
գʮͷŽи֣Ԫһˣһˡ
ʶĨɱԪ飬ӴЩ˽ԳûʶĿܣΪԪ
£ոӦԪֶΣɱϣֲÿһ̶̼꣬ΪֲĴڣ
ߴߣԪҲȲѣǿʼۼ֤ŽҪأĳ׷ɱģ
˿ʼ뿪
뿪Žɵ
˿̣񣺡ˣȡԴ̫ˣִأ½иָ翰ǰڵ
նȻߣ֮ǰҿлõԴԪƿضŽɣһ̿ʼŽɾħһӣŽֳŴִˣԪûᣬִˣȻĿģʱֻҪĸŶŽɣлˮ㣡
ȷлᣡҲ𽥻ָ̬
ʤעӦöڻʼ½ȵԴǾͿԳħֵ۹ʥִעȥʤݣ
ʱ˿̣Ʒ˽⣬жԺ㣬˸Ĵ㡣
뿪ŽɰʮӦŽɶԪжһʱҪ֪ͨ档
桢ţʩչûС
Ҳʼ컯
ʱǰصҪʤݵһ廯Ԫţۡ컯ҲҪա
ˣҪ廯Ԫ߷ǳ⣬ƺû뵽
⣿
¿Ըˣ廯ԪҪԺԼԺΪҪԺں֮󣬷廯Ԫ
ͣһҪԺκһŹﵽǧ꣬ԺҲҪǧ꣬Ҫ֮󣬲廯Ԫ²ţո̤£Ҳſʼ廯Ԫǧ꣡


1329 ֮
ˣʤݵһҲƷһӦ²
֣Ϊﵽɾľͷ廯ԪҲ¡
ȽԺңĥ󹦷廯Ԫ
ˣ廯ԪŲ֮գŹҲֻǰһ㡣

ڷ֣֮ӦԺ
ȴ֮࣬ʣ廯Ԫźεܣ
ŹԶʤżҲ֮еʥﱻԺɹǿ߷֮Ŵ廯ԪһΪԺ
ŲƣΪΪʵķ˼ŵʲôܣҲֻ̫ԺԺԼִԪϡʥ֪䣬Ҳ֪٣֮ʥйϵ
ʥ
·ֻصⴳ֮Уʣһֱ֪ʥ򾿾ǺεȵطӦȥʥźεܣ
ʥһԶżƷ磬һɼԾ֮ϣ׹Ʒ֮Уڶʤ֮³˯ţűȹʿ֣ʮоԺеʤݵ
ȥʥʿҲ٣Ҳȥ󲿷ʿֻʥΧʥǿֲʥӵƷӵв½羫һʿҲ޷ȥʥΪʥӵе̫硢嫣һʿѹϣ粽С
ʥ֮гһЩ廯ԪȵɼǲȱģҲһЩԽ𣬾ʧȥִˡŴ޸ǿڵعʥ֮зֵġ
ħȦҲǣ
ԣħȦҲǴʥ֮зıԺԺȱ޸֮꣬󷨱΢
ʥ֮Уȷܣ
ȻˣʥǷ֮ʴ˶ʤʮûһˣҳܡ
˵꣬Ҳϡ
ںϷ֮Ժ󹦷鶼ǡ
ģһӡƾϲ
ֵԺ󹦷֮ˣִֻ˿ޡ߲ſԣǻҲδȫں󹦷ȻҲۣʮ֮һ
ԺȷĪ⣬ں֮󣬽컯ںϣδ컯һᳬԽ廯Ԫ
̶ʱ䣬ֻϢƽʱȻͬһɽˮȻȻռ仺
Ժ󹦷Եͨ
Ժûֱ壬һֹȻںϵ
濴𣬴Ϊޣ治ǰ󲿷ֽΪʵܽںϡӦû뵽Ժȴʿظ򣬸Ӧ֮󣬲Ϊ
ǶʤԺĲƷ๦˵ࡣ˻̾
ҲŽӴ󹦷йؼ

ֹ죡
󹦷зţȹؼ֮У㿪ʼʽԺ
ţǴӿһ㾭һνڣڴͨռ䡣
ﵽһΪ
дͬС죬Ȼ󲿷ֹʼΪھ°빦ظӦͨ羭ռ䣡
һص㡣
һ㣬ӦΪ
һÿһԾ־ѪħСǧ쾭ȵ÷һһ꣬һ̺๦һŹҲС˼
ԣ
һ־ΪںκȻǿƿصޱȴ죬һͬͬʱ󹦷һ
׽֮ʼͬʱ󹦷
־Ĺϵ󹦷־֮󣬾Ȼû˿ų⡣
󹦷һͬ߶Ȼһศɵĸо
ֲ󹦷Ƿ֧ںֻ֮Ϊ廯Ԫԭ󹦷һͬУ̺ͬ
ͬʱжѡ
û뵽־ΪͬʱȻˮɡ
ˣ
ʱ˵ղ̣ҶڸӦҷ־·κιܱںϡУѪħǿħһһɣ·˻Ϊһ¯κιܼԦԺҲˣ


1330 ͻƶ쾳
𣿾ǵõ״̬ҵû޷˵Ҳ֪κҶԼԦ
Ӧþ־Եʣ˲ǴǱ½ʼ龳֮ǰŹΪŹ̺ĳǰõһöӣ֮򷨣Ҳ󲿷ںϣ
־ȷڶ֪ŹǺεӴСǧһأԼԺҲȲ󹦷
Ի֮ȫ濪ʼͷɲ
Ϊ״̬û
ɲʩչ֮濴֮ȫΪѪռ䣬߶Ժϳ֮治Ϸաϣں󹦷
ٶ̫ˣһȥԸӦһ޼ԼȫڲѪɲںϡ
ΪһѪ¯
º
ѳΪ֮Уɹ
Ӵ֮һֶ󹦷
ϸ֮ԼԼһЩķͷһЩϢ
һɣʱͬʱ߶󹦷ʱΪھѪ⡢ϱߡ
󹦷ȷһڲϳ֮ںϣȥÿռ䡣
ˣ
ͬʱ󹦷
ȫ⣬ԣκʿҪͬʱԺҪǧ꣡
Ȼ
ȴ˼£
߳
ھ΢΢һɣ޷ԦϢ
ҪͻˣڲԶеҲоͻȻ𵴡
¶΢ЦΪ󹦷ԵʣڿͬʱҲӴ󡢳øӺ嫣һ֣Ҫͻƶ쾳о
ǰòǲŴ䣬̤䣿´Ӷ쾳䣬̤䣬ȥ꣬ż깦򣡡
꣬ʼҲͼ꣡
ţҶʤݣִڣЩ߲Ϊϴ衢ڹӷ˴ﵽ쾳䣬ҲҪǧ꣬˻ڼ£ͬʱԺ⡢ǰ޹ˣ
Ϊһ;죬󹦷ںϡ
Ž֮ɸóʯʯա
ձʯľؾٱǾʯʯЩԴʿдҪԡ
չ־Ϊģͬʱ󹦷
ͣ
ڣֹȥ¡
һɹɰԵȫžžˣһը졣
ÿһ罣棬Ȼ쾳ʿһ˿žƻ
飬ƻȫ
ţ
ٴʹ֮Ǽ죬ȫ΢΢֮ϯȫȼա
زؿռѪһ̣һελΪ𻢣ʮ˵Ѫɱɹ

ɫ԰ףɫƣ棬ͷоһ֮ͻƴʹ࣬ʧ
ӦҲͷſָоԲһϤĻʼ½а֮ĶŽɣܸӦ
ٿڱ仯ϣռһ֮Сϡ٣ԸΪ
̬Ҳ󼸱ڲѪɫҲøΪʵŽǡ졢սѪɫ֮Ưһ硣
ÿһ̺ԺҲ쳣̣ڷա
ܿദӡӡҲʵ١
֮ԪҲһԺռ䣬ͻƿٳΪԪһ֡
ͨԪ仯̫󣬵Խ硢Ԫơĵ½һЩ
֮ѪɫǿƴСıʯɽʯסɫںϡ
쾳䣡
о̫Դ־Ϊִ֮߶Ժ
ڶ쾳Ժøףԣͨ
ҲԺĲ峿֮ᾫУһϼ״̬
ҲһΪԼںΪΪΡ
ʴԺ֮Ͻһ翣Խںֳ֮
ҲΪζʤʿһ֣󲿷ʿһʵԭ
ˣ
ͻȻƴȫע֮е档
ĪԪЩħ֣ʼжˣ
˷ܴŻЦҸոշ̻ᣬִ˴ӪǷЩ˿ռЯٺöոȥڴӪЩʿ׹
̻᣿
ᵽ̻ᣬ治뵽ڶǻУ̻׷ɱ
귽ѩ𣬻к뾡취ֶͨλɱ档


1331 Ǳ̻
̻Ҳѩɳٸһδ׷ɱ
ٴΣʰ̻ᣬȻǶʱ䣬Ҳɱ̻᲻ǿߣǻǲޡ
渡Ц棬ҶԶˡ
ʮ⣺ٺ٣Ϊ̻ᣬΪУʵǿˣҪԴȻûаմԴ̻Ҳǻʼ½һ̻ᣬӵеĲƸȲأ϶Ҳǳˣ
úã㶢̻ϢǱȻǻ̻ȥԸǣŶŽɣ
ͷԪ֮󣬾׼á
Ϣ죬ˣţɲǷɳ
ϢգָλȻ׷̻ᡣ
ٶˣ޼Ϊʮˣлһ˴ﵽɾ޼ǰ䡢Ϊ
ʵǺܾ˵ġ
һɾڻʼ½Ȼ߰Ĵڣڻʼ½ȻĿǰƷ̫̻ҲĽ;У⡣
һɾͷѹ
ϾִˡŴǴӪ޼ʿҲû˵ķݣһɾ̻ܴţ
һӣЩ˵ȷҪ̻
п𣺡̻ߣʵж󣿡
Ķǰٶ֮У߳ʵͻƵɾȻһʱ䣬һ飬ͨһ㣬ȻôԴͻƵɾϴˣԼʮУɽ£
ǾͳˣߣʵСţ࣬ⷽ˶ŵɾʵҪЩ˳֣Ϣ֮ڣǸʱ䣬ЩһҪ̻Ԯ
Сţȥ͵ϮɾߣǶ˳ֿٶʿǴ߶̻Ԯɱɣǿһɣ
һɣʵȻ
ţֺ޲ϳ֡
·滹㣺ʵȫϢ֮󣬻ɱˣƺɱǣĪǻ㣿
ЩȻЯԴ࣬ҪЩˣ˳ص̻̻ᱦˣһòԴҲܰһˣ
ԭţҪ̻ᡣ
ȷٶ˾̻нԶ룬˾Ϳʼ׼֡
Сţںβ棬桢ԽЩˣֶһȥǰ
̻ٶˣҲǱǿ׳޼ʮˣһɣ˽Ƕ쾳۷ǿߡ
ʵʼ½Ҳܿȶ
˿̣ٶǰһλߣɽѮ£̬Ѱʱʱк󷽸ָһЩ
Ϸ
֮ʲôҲûУȴ֮Уʩչ򣬸Űףûб߷֡
಻Χռ䣬ںȻ֮С
֣
һƬҶ氵ͷԪ
ɫȻʧϣա
Ȼ
һĽǰͬһңݵͻϮɱĿߡ
á
ץ°һɽ
һƽʿ𿪣һףץһڽһɱͻϮĽ
䣡
ɱÿռ䶼ըѣɽȻʱסͻϮϾæֽţȻˡ
ಣ
ͻȻһɽߺˣ֮Уٴɱһ
Ҳ֮ɱȭâɱڽǸ𵴣ɽѹ
Ȼʵ𣬵Ҳȫûм֮
ٶҲˣɾɱơ̫£ǲ𿪡
ٺ٣԰һƣ
ЩӣŸֺ
û뵽ϷһƣӸ߿
⣡
һΧЩɢ̻ӣΧ׷ױ⡣
䣡
Ӵƣɱٶˡ
㡢˭Ҷ̻֣
ɽȫû뵽ҲŸֶ֣Ҳ˱̬ٶ˺м֮
һŲ岽ɱ
ݡ
Ȼ
һӰɽߺ·ں֮Уѵȴ߶ʱ
һ⽣Ҫߺ󱳡
ͻȻһƳӦǷֺ͵ϮһϱͻȻͷҫâԼ
꣡
ͣ
ײ⽣ɱȻԵؽƻ飬һⱦ̴ס
ӱֱţ

߾һ˲䣬ʧȥɽһƷ׷顣
˲Ϣ֣ͷѹɽߣˣھܽʮὣ飬οƷף
Ӻ󷽳֣ʱɽߣˡм֮˭
ɽ߲Ѫ棬Ȼһײ㡢ļ
Ӥħ̥󷨡ָͬצץͷ֮ʣԪɱԷԪ


1332 ȫ
ǡյӡ桭ϳ棬ҲͷŲԪ
ʮϢ֮ԪӤħû
ͷӤħԪ֮Ѱ̻֮м䡣
û뵽̻ḱ᳤Ҳ̻ڶףԽ֮ϵǻ᳤
Ԫ֮У̻ڲһУǱ⣬澹Ȼ̻ἸռĴԴšаӴ
ֲ̻ʼ½ԭӴԴ
ƣ߾ʵʵΪԱߵȴţˣ̻ḱ᳤Ҳ̻ڶ֣֮ϻл᳤̻һ֣ʵ࣬Ϊﵽɾһ۷塣
һЩ⣺һ̻ᣬ̻ᣬпʵĴڣȫʸʼ½һһ
Ҳˣ⸱᳤ʱɽ뱦⣬ߣ
űƵɽߣתһٶˣ׷ױ⡣
һЩˣһʿţɡ
ֲӤħ˻ûЩòαװ̻һԱ߼̻ȥ
ٶ£Լ븹أһƬɽ̻
ɽͷƣܿǧӭӡ
û˻ݡ
֮ûжͬ󲿷ֵУԹΪαʶȵȡ
ֱӴƣܿ͸ӦʮΪﵽ޼۷̻ǿߡ
һϢ࣬ڵĳһ֮УС
ǰȻһɽȣ󷨷ɽڣ
ɽһ޽һչΧкЩ޼߽λǿء
ڲΪﵽ޼۷ߣһ޶
߼ɽҲһͬ߶޶û뵽޶Ų֮󣬳һعڡ
̻ر֮أ޽ڹ֮ڲ
Ҳֻи᳤᳤ֱ֪ͨӽ룬κˣҪ᳤ͨ
ߣһعԼһﳤصһǧ׶ĵع֮С
ع֮ûκǿأ
һÿһݣظӦԼش
Ϊδﵽ۷壬ȻعҲᱬֲɱ
һصͷǸ᳤ȫʸͨһơ
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ǰǸַӡռ䣬ΧռڲǸ־ʯ
һӡռʯϸࡣ
ܿؼҩʬ塢ȵȡ
̫ˣƵعֻǧ׿ռ䣬ʵϣعڲƿռ֮УȴڲǬһӡƿռ䣬ڲǧ׿ռ䡣
رռһʮռ䡣
ռ˸ƷʯʯΪͨռ֮һϾƷ磬ʯУҲǳ䵱ң̻ûӴڻҲ޷֧һ̻һ½С
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ҲöʯǱ½½Ȼܴﵽʼ½ָ߶ȣ
棬ʩչڲռ䣬ʯʯڣô䣬Լ˲ؿռԴ
ץʱ䡣
һ㣬ɽϣһƣֽ桢ԼԼǡ
һǼ˶ɽϢع֮κεطû
ಣ
桢Χƶ֣֮󣬴ڡڵɸƷʵľʯʯԼʯ
ʯƷ磬Ⱦʯøƽͨ޽󷨵ȵȣɻȱĶ
桢ƿɽߣپһƿռ䡣
ֱ
һرƣڲƷϵҲһЩؼи߼ʯһʮɴ
ٰܼƷҲʮƷıһЩҩƷҲﵽ޼߽λдﵽɾƷʵҩ
Ҳ٣һӡš
ܿϤ󲿷ֶİġ
Ｘ̻ڣȽﱦȡ»һطӦòĲ֮
֮ڣ߶
һɹɺͷһСӡǶҩǸ߽λһڡ
ٶţ˵õһԴѿһŴһ룬Ҳҵ׷񣡡
ʱȷҪġ
Цݣһ̻ʲôŴԴҲȡܰѱ˸ħԼʥֵ̡۹

֣˲һӡ


1333 챦ľ
ԼʮϢŽڲбһȡߡ
뿪磬ڵعаʯʯɵÿһž
һܸܵǿӦþ̻ᣬһ᳤
Ҳ治򵥣̻˴᳤һΪﵽ飬ִˣҲǸ߼ߣ
̻ڰʯ֮УҪ᳤᳤ͬʱ֣Ȼ򿪣ǿд󿪵Ļ˲侪عơ
еѡ
Ҫּܣ֮ʩչһܴң׼
ʯûκҺۼ֮ǰʹӿԪ֮У׽ܡ

˴߶ͷƣ̻ᾫӿʯ
ʯʼ΢΢ͷ⣬֮һͬͷһ⣬ӡںʯڣܿ콻֯һƱڻ
ԿƱڻԿ߼һЩӡǱڻƿʼûܿ컯ΪһŻһڻûж
ڻûŻܿҡ
Ǹ
Сǧ
ǿңȻ򵥣ʩչɽһоҡ
ҪĿңͱƱڻ
û᳤̻ǲܰ

СǧԿһ˲串һƱڻ˿ıڻһʼû
ˣ
Ϣ
һŻγɣ桢ȲͷžƿƿŻ
˷ܵڴţˣӦ֪кεȱɣ
ֻ֪һ½Դڻʼ½̻ǰɶྪˣм᳤Ҳûʸ֪
ʵҲǻǿҺ֪жٱ
Ӽ֮Уֻ֪һ½Դ
ˣ
Żڴ򿪣ռ䲻ҲͰףƯĵӡ
һۿһӡнƣҲϤѴ½ԴϢ
һץӡһ鼸ɸߵĴ½Դǰ
Աһӡͷţڲһƪһ߳ͬ鲼ȴͷŵĲо
Īʲôرͼһʱ俴ס
оһʲôرͼƣȻ͸ŲƷϢ
һģȻһɽı
Ѱһ¿ܼ䡭
ֻʮٴƿɽߡ
Ϣ֮о̻ǰõɽ֮Ҳһƪμ𡢸ӦѰұɽط̻оҲֻҵһط̻ᣬɽطֶΣ̻һ׳ռ౦תԴ˲ܽӴҵ
öɽ֮ΪֻоŴУû뵽һ̻ᣬҲӵУ
оһطΪ챦ľԺо
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ץơ
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Ѱ͵ƣһֿɱܷ硢ͭƣԼһߣʳ壬ɫΪڲΪһֹ͢õĹơ
ͭ¶ˣյλãߵŻΧûκΰ֣šš֡
ڵյ̱أҵ֣ͭơ
Ժ潻Ƭ̣濴𣺡һƷϧϷָ˿СѺۡ
ˣ֪
û뵽𣬴ʱ𺳡ǲؿͭƣƷ磬ϣҲϡټʮϵĶƣھŴż֮Уϸ¼ǾŴ߲㣬Ϣ֮ھϳ
޼һĴڣ
޼ǰ޼ھ֣ƶɣҲǶƣ޼ʷƳƷԶƷ֮һƷʴﵽ£֮£ƾķ
û뵽˲񵽱ˣк
ڵһʿУӳڶ̶ʱ䣬Ҳᱻһɱ˵Ķ帣ǰ˵õû˿֤ʵ帣еԨԴ
ϴν飬ƾ͸ˣѺҲ޸ƷߣһУҲԻɱ
ˣң
ǰһ뻹ڴ᲻һ±Ƶ𣬻ǲˡ
Ҳš
糣κβĵͷҷˣҲò㣬ڱţںʱһͬ޸ѺۣԺִߣֳڱƣŷ棬ɱκǿУ
š
ϾһƷ磬˶֪ƷΪ۷ĵ
ٴο棺ˣƷѺۣһ޸ܶԿŴ
ӵ˱ҲҲӵںϣںҲûʲô𣡡
һƴۿƵ


1334 ɱƬ
лˣ
һԺ̫ϳϣǸм㣬æӡơ
棬ٿһӡ硣
֪̻ᣬһӡҵıʲô֮
ಣ
ƿռ䱻һ澹Ȼ͸һɣЩоϤʮΪϢ
ˡϢͻأԪ󱬷ˣˣһ
æǲ֮еϢͷץסЩϢ΢΢ͷųȥ
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ӦһǷƬ
Ƭһ֣ͷκαûй΢΢ʥϢΧκϢɢ
ҲľƬǵĪǾ˶ץӣõľɣ
ȷɱƬˣһɱƬֲñ̻ӡһ㣡ҲƬ
Ƭ̺üһɱƬΪβһҴɱƬӦӦһЩʶϢ
¾ҲеϤҲȻ
ʱ־ˣɱƬѪɫ࣬ǿںϵ鱦ʯһ˿˿ƵϢ
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Ѫɫ࣬ǿ鱦ʯ
մӶʤ֮£żȻãޱء
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潥ɱƬСץǰ
ɱƬŽһ߳ƬСһīɫһֹƬϸϸ鿴һЩۣԵһЩͬʯһɣҺһľۡ
ˣĵۣԼƣֻɽϵʣſܴﵽָ߶ȣڲƣ羧ʯһâľƣ
ƣ뵱Ʒ羧ڽ磬ǳƣ·䣬þЩ졣
ԣƷ֮⣬ǺӼ
ǳ϶Ʒ羧ڼľƣƷһ磬Ȼ꣬㻯ΪڣԺΪﵽ£ΪˣơӡữΪ־ƣ
¾á
һֱĬĬɱƬ𣬾һɱƬϢ붫ʤݵһ廯ԪϢ·ɱƬϣҲ廯Ԫ
Ŷ
ҲΪ𺳡
һɱƬδ֪磬붫ʤݹƣ
߶ԺһͬУͷһϢɱƬӴ˲䣬ȷɱƬȻϢһûһ˿˿ų⡣
ţɱƬ廯Ԫǧ˿ƵϵҿҲ޷ٿ
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˳ӵصԽһ󷨣ֻǺ󷽵عһЩƣǹԱȽ֮ǰ١
ˡ
˸ոմӾ޶·֣ܵȻɽߣ漸ڡ
ɽһԾ֮УոأͻȻǿ߷·ܵĳֺʩչΧͷſֲ
ӦǱˡ
ಣ
ɱ֮ʣ߶ӤħɽͻȻһ磬ֻһˣؼ桢ţ֡
ȡ
죬³һɹɿ·
˳켣Χֲ
꣡
ոγɣͱԾƷΪһ㡣
䣡
һ˲̤ײ㣬ƿطߣΪﵽ޼۷壬ǿ𿪡
ϣ㡢㾹ұ̻ᣬȡԴ
һʱ䣬׷ȥ
Ϊִ߶ȣɱڹ֮󱬷
˿ٵطɹһƣԼ
Ȼ䣬һϢӣں󷽵磬Ҫӳȥ
ټ̻磬ʱΪ̽磡
̻ǰɱһƣݺݵһץͽ̻ץϡﻩ顣
ĸ֣̻кεȹڣ
ɱһٶǿߣΪһˣΧ޼߽λǿߡ
˱ɱ׷һ֣׽̻飬֪ʵж಻һӾͱˣһݲ¶ȡ
̻ǿߣĸûղһжԵ
֮תЦ̻᱾ȡˣǸȡ̻½Ҫ½ʧ
ˣȻЩɵ´أȡԴѵװȥԴ̻۶˵ʲôԴҲܱǰװ״ߣǽ֮սһ
ʱһЩַ·ʲô˶Ժ˱ȭ㿴ǸСӣǲ̻꣬һֱҪ׷ɱŵĵӣ棿
棿ת˲Աߵ档


1335 
ǿߵշŭǴˣŵӣҲֶʤݣִŴ˶׷ɱ棡
˿ʼͷƣðԭ棬Ҷǻʼ½ʿ㵹ĺ̻Դ
渺ֶЦ򱦻᳤ȷŵӣӦú̻ᣬ׷ɱңûʲôŵ㣬ԴѾǼˣԴ˺飬ߣñ׷ɱǿӦˡ
򱦻᳤һץãһҲȥԴɱǿУ
ᣡ
ϰǿߣһͬץƣ߶֮󣬴⿪ʼ
䣡
ǵ·𵴣Ҫݡ
䣡
û뵽ʮأطը
ը֮󣬾ȻһڿڵӴɱ
΢΢һеֶΣССһ̻ᣬܿôڵ´ںϣ
ת˲һٶըһڿڵɱ棬·Ϊһ
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ʮ֮ǰ绹Ҫǿһ
ƺƯһڿڽϷ󣺡ЩƷҲмƷƷƷ
һھƷ룬ӦΪƬۣ
һָһٶڵһڵϢڲͬǿʢʮϣ
ֿ棺ƷΪۣһٶƷƷʵһٶ޼ǿߴ߶һϽԼԴȫɱһɾͷ
޿־֮ɫһٶ𣬻ǿߣǺǣ˼˼̻Ҳǻʼ½һܾۼô󣡡
СΪֶʤݣֳͷС̻ᣬɱ
򱦻᳤Ȼ
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̻ǿߣ֮ǰñԴ󣬿Իɱˣ˭֪ţֲһ˼·硣
ǳԾҲǵһμţʩչȫţֲƷ缫ٴ֮һʵﵽɾƷ磬ΪľȥһܳΪں֮ױ֮ľ
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ֿ۽磬ССһ̻ᣬȻֶΣ˴۾
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·ʼ⣬Ǳһ㽫⺮顣
ȻǾƷһٶڵںѳƷ߶ȡ
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úʵҲеɾڴ߶ȣܿƵɱٶȡ
Сɿ棺ˣЩ󡢵ƵȷҹţϹƣѳκһʵ
ףǳࣺȷƬ󣬼ôһűԴʩչʵܴﵽɾ飬ʵҲһЩ
жپʹٱǣ
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ˣ
ΧħɷԪ𵴴룬ͻȻ·ɱĵȥ
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ಣ
·һڿڣɱĵٶѱѹһ룬ٶȻܿ컯


1336 Ŀֲ
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ɽ
ɫ£ٴδ͸
ʱԱһڿڵ֮УѹҪ顣
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ۣ
Ϸ̻ӪǿƷ飬һ޼ǿҲѪʹȥ
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ּɽնΧգƷʱͬʯͷĥɣɽɱ£˲ˡ
ݣ
ɽĿһƳȥɱһڵʱΪ촷ۡ
žžž
ÿһκֻɽյĲӰ
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ϴ٣
ϷⳤХͷŸຮ¿ԽΧơ·ȫ⡣
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ţַ·ѵɱɱ˷ǴһһƣյĹƣĵκι˲顣
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ûгֻᣬҲżϧû޸޸ˣھܴ߶ڶ鷳һ˲ܽЩʿ뱦֮У
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·治ɱɽңκεɽǰǼ
һ飡

ֻǰʱ̻Դƣ֮ǰƵȻ޴档
򱦻᳤һڣæֺˡ
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Ժ̫ϳϣִ˿ߣȻ壬ɱ빥֮С
ʩչȣٶƣԵɾٶ˸䣬̻ǿΧڱ⡣


1337 ̻
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ɲѪ֮УŴ̻ӣǷߣѪ֮£Ѫɻ
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ţֻڰշȥӲѹֱ˺顣
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Ƽͻƶ쾳䣬ʱѽ쾳۷塭һӣһͻƸо
ٿ̻Ϊ棬ǰ󲻵һʱǰΪʼ½һ̻ᣬӽ쿪ʼʧ
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˲ӭ飬ʱ飬Ҳǹεģ˭ôʿֻ˳ͻơ
ɽͷųػһࡣ
鿪ʼȫγɣžžͣ
ˣ
ǣʱңԶԪԪαװɶŽɸ֣ħǿߣҪȥִˡŴӪ
ɫû뵽պôʱԪжͻƶ쾳䣬ǣЩкĿģԴָˣ
ɽ٣ڸϹȥлԴ֡
ɽ١
ţѽ̻κһΪ棬ѹӣЩʵʵҶ
ˣοˣţ־޴ѹż̻ӣɽɽ塣
ˣ
̻Ϊʼ½һ䲻ҲӦʮϡ
ţֳ˼ˣ
һ£Ҳһ޷壺γ¼ˣ޷ûΣֻԱںϣ
ȻţʵҲһɱ䣡
ţȥæԾʵٶȵƣˣɱռ䡣
Ҳ򱦻᳤ǶԷҲһɣƻһӡ
䣡
ʮϢ
߿ͻȻһը죬ԭ򱦻᳤һƣԴ顣
̻һΪʷ
ӿһĻҲҲҷ
޼ʿʵʵӺһɽ壬ţȥѹǡ
Ѫɡ
ֻĲ٣ûˣԸ򱦻᳤ռݾϷ硣
ûҪѪҲɲ̻ӡ
һɽУѹ̻ӣۼɽȣţֿء
һɷС
һ飬ԼĪڽ
ӭͬʱҲճ𣬿ʵҲ
𣬷ֵôѪǾʿľ
ҲһΣôѪ
ƱȺӿֲѹƣҲһּơ
ԴϽʵ֮ǰôʿвپûա
쾳䣡
ͷŸӦδһƮƮȻȻں״̬
ѪҲɱ䣬Ѫ֮ǰɶʿʱȻӴ
ز֮Уʮ˵ѪɱΪ𻢣
˲ؿҲɱ䡢Ҳһַա״̬
ͨԪҲҷգСǧĹģγһֹŹֻ档
ͷϲͻƶ쾳䣬ϻдδںϣֵԴͻư䡢Ҳߣ
žߣԽֲڲоǰС־ıӵеľ飬Ϊʱǿۻûǰ־нֲֿٶȣ
ǰ˴Ǳ½ʼ͵õɸִմֵõ½ԴⷨȵȵľԼɫʯнѪй˲Ŭ겻ܴﵽ˸߶ȣ
˵ĺܶԣɸֱ󲻷ҿ֮Ҿͻƶ쾳䣡
첻ѣ
֮󣬽Ҳͣ


1338 쾳
쾳䣡
һո¾磬濴Ʒ磬о֮ǰһ
䡭
֪
һ಻Զ𣬾ȻҲڴʱӿ˽桢Ŀѣ
˿ֲ
ΧҲ׷ɡ
ֻʹߺˣڽеڶε飬һСģ޷ƿأ϶飬Ҳ飬ʧܶ
ڶε飿
סƣոͻƣޱȣ𵴣ЩԲ
Ŵ¾Ѫƣ·һ˺״̬
̫ѪȣشѪ
ǵɾڶ飬˲õģ
飡
ɾͻΣգʱᷢѪ
˲֪Ͼ˲Ƕ쾳޼δ̤룬ɾһַ磬Ծţӷ̤һ̣ͻȻǱѰû٣ǳͣڴһϸ΢ӴһϡҪ飡
ȫ飿һڶ쾳ʱҲֻд󲿷ַ顣
ɾ飬һδζǳ£磬ٻӡүʧܣ飬ܱסһԻ꣬ǧ꣬ߵѪ
ǾĪͻơ
һ桢Զɽ塣
ͷһ򣬽ǧ׸߿շӡ㹻á
ǺģΪõ̫Ѫ磬ϷգԴڶ顣
ԶУҲһִǳصͻƣΪƬɭ֣ԻΪֺװһƬ
ʱƶྪˡ
Ž̫ܽţţҲڷһɿħɷ
֮ǰɴʿ·ɽ̻ʿʵʵŵòҳ
һԪƿͻȻˣԪαװɶŽɽɹ͵Ϯһ̫ϴϣȡ󲿷ԴŴ֣ȫ׷ɱִҲ˺üͷүүҢ
ԪҲΪԴȥϢмΪϧ
ǳԪЩħǿߣɱŴ֮УȻһЩᣬԻˮ㣬ΪٻȡԴ
ټעǷÿ˽ͻƣƻҪһʱܶ
ֻ۾ΪŻʼ½ǼУҲȫע
Ȼȫ顢Ѫ״̬ʱһ龳ʿһҲֻ³
ʧܣ޷ֻܳΪһɢޣ緲Ϊ
ţɴʿȻӴ󣬴ɽ֮䣬һ˲䷢֡
СҲڴɱ֮У̻ᣬʵһδԾ
ڶٴﵽ쾳״̬侳硢־СǧѪħԼԺͬʱɲ
ԼҲҪһʱ䣬޹
־ΪСǧκιΪȫѪ֮г
ͨԪСǧϹĵ·ŵȴǳµԪ棬ӦһֹĻ棬ڲԶҲֻɵ
ز룬ѪռڣǧѪɱͻҲڷѪΪ޷ʢ
ϷӡӡҲ˸̽ߡ
˲ռ䣬в̬󡢽ԻΪѪ̬
̬򣬷·һֻ޴򽣬Ǳ롣
ɲһɣںϣѲһȻںϣںϣȻںϡ
ʩչɲȻ֮УκĪϵ
Ѫɫ࡭
ֽ
֮лѪɫࡣ
ӵзʿҲһϡ١
ոǿ鱦ʯȻ뷨ںϣҲȫںϡ
鱦ʯӦûж󶯾޷鿴ڲǺεȿռ䣬ʯסɽɫһأ
鱦ʯ
ɷѿģҲ޷ƣںϣˡ
֮ǰǲŴ̻õһ½Դ𣿡
οƱʯ
ȻͷһĴ½ԴɶƯ
Ҫƿش½Դ뱦ʯںϣû뵽½Դ·𱻱ʯٻ˲ȥ
½Դʯǰʯʼؾ
ССһƴıʯ֮ǰ½ԴԼǰ޴ʱһ½Դ
ʯڲжྪ˿ռ䣿ȥұҵ½ԴɣԽ࣬ʯΪã
޷καʯ
ֻעΧѪɫ࣬ռսġս졢иֵҲһЩ緢˿ʱʱ֡


1339 ɴ
һֱδʩչ࣬´ʩչɲ˭Ӳ
ʶع鱾
ֿʼɽɫʯ׼챦ںϡ
ɱƬɽ֮ںϵĻ˵ӵи֮ԵϢӰ磬޼ɾž޴

һںϣΨںϴﵽ˲߶ȣȻǲɫ
˿̣ץһӡ
Ǵ̻ǿһ߳ƹƬıɫҲ֪Ǻεһ֮Ӧñһ㷨޴١
ᾫѪɱƬ
𣬼ȻɱͲںϡ

뿪ɱƬӴѪûж仯Ԥ֮в࣬Ҫȥ
֪ѪͻȻƵģɱƬգͨѪɡںϡ
ˣ
ɱƬΪαȸ߼Ҫںϣ
Ūһͷˮ
ҲˣɱԵģƷԸɱȻƷΪѡˣ
֪鷨Ҳģܻ飡ҲǶԷв˽⡣
˵ѰɱϾԽɱҲǷ޷Ԧģ˵ʩչǿڵعҲɱ޸ɣ޸꣬˵ʿпܼԦɱ
Ҳǣ
ع
ǿڵعǿױ֮Ʒ磬ΪԶߣҲԶԿ
Ǿǵ֮
һԣõԵЩСںϣԵںϣܵõɱƷ󲿷ʿУںϵعʩչһȻڶʤݣִȻɲԵ
Ե
ͣ滹ˡ
ֵΪΣ󲿷ʿɼ֮ͣ˭õԵδпܵõɽˣɽ磬ӵɽ磬ɼֻл˿УøԵС
ٿɱ
Ѫ֮󣬵ȷһֲһ쳣ϢоɱƬԼһںϢ
ϸϸһɱЩۡƸ翣·ɱƬѲһʣһ־ڡ
עɱƬ滺سţҴ⣬СһɱƬǱĻԽ
ɱƬҲģ֮Уз֣ԺȱɱƬա
ԼĪ꣡
滹ںϡ˼͵ˣ˵ɱƬȷԺʤĪϵ
ȷˣҸҪȥʤһˣ˵ܽ⿪ɱƬܣʯ񣡡
ͷʶɱƬʧˣԪϢ޷ڲ
ɱƬһ־ʶ롣
ˣھɱƬںϣҪﵽ쾳۷壬ʱ䣬䣡
ͷ
Ӻɭ֮УȻһƬ⡣
ǰ澹ȻޱϤԵħֻ飬Ȼ֮ࡣ
󲿷ԸֻΪħֻǧ£ϢҲ̫ǿֻмӵ޼ֲֿ
ںҲһɿֲ㹻һδɱ䡣
ˣЩаִ顣
濪ʼѲǱ½ڻʼ½մ顣
Ҳ뺮һ֪ҪЩʲô
һˣ𻹴֮У֪ҪáҾЩ飬쾳䣡
ɲǼ佫д飬
ͷϰٿŴ߶־û뵽ܿϢһֻӰգۼ䣬ͽһٶ̵ֻص
ĳ֣Ҳһ𺳣ȻΪ𾪣ˣǡʲô⣿
ҴǱ½ʼںϵһ챦δܼԦ
ˣܸӦɽʯס鱦ʯ챦ϢΪ꣬޷֮л˹
Ҳ㣬ⱦء
ˣ̫ˣϢǱš
þö޷ƽϢ
ͣ
һϤʱزѪռ䣬Ѫɱ䡣
һεѪѪɱΪһ𻢣
ϰٿŴ飬仯ӦӲϾ
زѪռ䣬ڴѪɱΪ𻢣ҲвڻûΪ̬
ڴ󾪡󺧣ˣĪǸղ֮ڲ췭ظı仯
ٺ٣ˣǹרɴ飬Ȼ󽫴ӳϣѪ֮Ѫ˶
棬εȱô츳ͨ飬ӳʿϣ
֮ǳҲҲϢ
֮顣


1340 쾳
ʱ£ٿ飬زѪڴѪɡ
ԼȫѪҲڴ
֪һ꼴
ǧŴ飬زѪֵǧ
ɱ仹ڳ
˼ʣɽǽڣ΢شˣﵽڣǳɲѪܴ֮Уһδ
澪ϲҲڳ쾳䣬㽫᳤̻ʬңǿǵɣӵиΪ֮ܰ顢
ಣ
Ϣһ
᳤̻ͷʬ壬·ɽȣѹ̻ӣһ᳤ʬ壬ԼҲ³
ʩչ컯Լóʬ֮вںϡ
ȻͷŲٴҩ飬ǲ򽱾ʱʱ֣ʧȥ
زѪи𻢵ѪҲڷգ˲γ״̬
ȫΪɴ飬ϲиʵѽ쾳۷塣
һɳ徢徢֮󣬱ͻƶ쾳䡣
Լһ£Ž򱦻᳤ʬΪʬеɾһںϣΪһſѪһ֣һַָţԼ
ˣӦ˰ɣԶԪض
Īʲô䣿
ɼѪѪ֮ϴ֮ټڳ
ͷŸӦ͸ʮʮ
⣬ŴִǷӪͻȻоһħǷʵңԶ˸š
ͷںΪдħϢ
ԶӦԪαװɶŽɣ͵ϮأɱþŴִһֲִ˰ΧԪˣɱǿ֮ʣħָ֧Ԯڻʼ½һִ˸ᵽֵ۹Ҳǿɱʼ½ɱƾŴõķؽ磬ڶ
ֵ۹ǰǿߣҲɱˣ
˼֮ʣ˵ִˡŴʽڻʼ½ħֵ۹սˣ
ɣħֵ۹ĶǾӢڣȻ̫࣬ǿֲĴڣ
ǵþ뿪ʼ½ҿɲɱڰжһ󣬵ʱϹһϣ
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ʧȥ
ħֵ۹ǲִ˵һ£˴ɱʼ½ͻȻƾŴִ˶δ뵽һ㣡
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ͻȻ˵ˣλλ磬һӶᡢɱڣبλ紫˵λǲܶùλ磡
˼ǡŴִ˸ֵ۹ʥ̡ħ֣
˾Ųʮ
ҲֻеűλѹΪū
Ҳһֻȥȡϣλ̫ǿˣҪǰδйΣλִ˻Ҫʮ
˼þȥִˣȡʯȻǿڣܷλ磬ڷƮҡ֮ʣ
û뵽ƷƣҲ˵ز
𼸺ڽʱط
ϽѪҩ飬ɽХϱ顣
ѼΪѪ״̬
ţҲٴѪﵽɷⷽʮء
עʱȫ״̬ת٣ʱʱһѪ˳һ飬ɾڶ飬ɹӴ˾һ磬ֻһ֮ң
ﵽɾ۷壬Ƕɽ١
ͣ
ֹһ꣡
ӿ罣ǰơ
һֿҪͻƵڿҪ֮
Ŵ飬ѱɴ룬ѪҲɲ١
ͣ
Ϥڴȫ䡣
žž
ʼը죬˺¡¡ʼһαһοֲ
ϳֲѪѣ泤·𶼿ѡ
ͻˡ
ʹ£ƽʱ붨о˿ʹࡣ
ǣҲֻЩžͷӵС
Ѫ⣬ﵽɣһţӿʡ
֮󣬲ӭϤˬܡ
һҲӶ쾳䣬̤䣡
Ժ˷ܸߺϲپһ꣬˾ܴ̤䣬ٶȣκŰٱٶȣ
̤䣬쾳ֻһ磬Ҫʮ֮ڣӶ쾳̤޼
ʮ꣡
Ҫ޵޼췽ҹ̷˵Ρ
˵Ļ˶ǳţʮ֮һܴӶ쾳̤޼
֮ʣֿʼѪ飡
Ͻ֮ѪɱΪ𻢸Ϊ٣ȫѪϡҲɱ֮С


1341 ãã
ȶ쾳ٴһ
̤֮쾳䡣
Ϊֲɴ飬ԼѪ
ʵʼ쾳״̬һδγ£Ȼǳ䡣
ʼԶ쾳ֹҲ뷨ںϡ
û뵽Ѫɫ֮Уͻһ磬ǿ鱦ʯɶ½ԴʱɵøɸɾΪ촷ۡ
ʯ޷Ԧ쾳ǲˣֻͻ޼пܡ
ͷԪǰɽˣڽڽ뻺ܽ׶ΣʣһЩѪӦò⣡
һܹ裺̫ˣҲ˳ͻƶ쾳䣡
ˣʵҲʽﵽɾ߶ȣҲ˵
ţһһЩСè䣬
浱ͷ£ץסʱ䣬һʱ䣬Ȼֱȥʤݣ
һڽ״̬
Ҳڲ֮Ĵ
һϣʣµѪɡ
Լûεţһϡ
Ѫ˽ŵϴǲֵ֪۹ʥ̵ֶΣֵ۹ЩλĴԽߣκһ˶һа٣۷ͨѹƾŴִЩ֣֮ʼ½ֻⷽз޷չ
𣿡Щš
ֻ濴ɽ·ŵû겻ʿҲȥȥ֮ǰѹ̻߰ᾫӢ˴ȥǱ½Сˣǽɡ硢ڰƿأ
֣Сһһᾡȥʤݣ˻ϣɽ·
ߣ
һȥ
ʱ䣬ǾͿŴӪ
㾪˾룬ħЩħǿߣһԦⲻܣħܶʩչɱþŴΪĻʼ½ֻǱ
ƬգʱʱǸ߿ճ֣һĵձը
Ѫ䣬ռħԼ̡
ƻʼ½ѳΪһƬɱ
ڼһңúϤս
ǿս
ȵƷ֮⣬ǺӼңս޴屶ս
һЩʿϢƷγų⣬ǳֱɱһԲȦԲȦסʼ½ⷽʿЩʿҲûκηᡣ
ʿǻɱǴս֮С
ЩʿֶǿֲԼ澪ò̾ϢЩǡֵ۹ǿߡǴԽߡ
Щʿն˵
Ҳǵһ򵥣ǲ򵥣ҵʱִ̳δֵ۹ħʥ֣̽벻ЩλĴԽߣ˹죬ȫѹƷ磬γų⣬һ㹥ƶ޷γв
ˡ
İиս˭֪һ춯
֮˫һɣæżһٷȥ
ڻʼ½һ
ʥīǿߣͷŽɱûʼ½Ҳֻмܡ
Ȼ䣬һӰƶȥ·ա
߿֮УһīṲ̊ն
ŮϹݣ
ʱǸϤġˡ
ϹϢޣգռ·Ϊ֮š
һ̤֮С
ٳʱʼ½ߡ
㷢¹Ķﶯ峺֮Уȴû˿쳣ɫ
ϹݺȻתԶһƬ磬ҪȥδƷҲһС磬ں֮Уһﳾ
·֮УֻƺϹ
Ϣ
Ƭ֮УһƬͻȻû
桢桢ţĵӰ֮бʵ
ԭ֮ܣںϡ

޷Ϲݣһ˫ɽˮ峺ӨӨȻĿ⡣
浭Ϲ٣㣬ӦϢǰ󲻵ʮϢܴӴ½һ׷ͻƣʼոϲ㣬ô꣬ߣί㣡
Ϲݾֹˮ˿һԽߣħϻδ⣬常ĸѰ㣬ȥ㾻ħϣֵ۹ħԿʼȫ½ʼ½½֣ƷŴִ˸սʤЩλĴԽͷǻӶƷԴʥҲӶᣬԴȥããǺ֮УѰһ򣬿һ֮ء
֮أⷬ棬ٴ뵽һ磬Ǹʵīɽׯ
ħϻ⣬ǰԲʵǻкӣǻؽһīɽׯ㣬Ҳң常ĸ
ǡ
ҲȥСã𣿡
Ϲ٣µ㻹һĻ֮УȷֶθҶ׵˼һҲþƿأû뵽λֶΣȴλʿ⡣
ʵҲ˴£
û뵽Լᶨ顣


1342 ʱͬ
ϹҲȻͬ쳣ն·Ǻ֮У˵常˵λߣܺƿءƭǣԶҲ޷ӻ֮߳û뵽ҴĻʩչĻһ㣬ɹþ֮У㻹ӳ
;˰ɣ
ΪСк棬ˣϹݺǳ⣺ϴǺ֪Լˣأȴ˶Դϴ󣬱һ湻ɵģʼգϴߣڼӡϴŮˣò֮ȴ綾Ы
ۣ֮ܿããǺӣ̫Сҵλߣδܵɽ绶ӭȥɽ磬Ҳܽʳ磬常Ҫδȴ飬常ŭһ̣㽫޻ᣡ
Ϲ٣ֻ֪׿ɺã
ģĸȻĸס
ˣδ·ҪԼȥߣ㡢常޷Ҳ޷ȻĻһγǱ½Ѹ뿪ô꣬㻹δһУ
Ҳԣˣұֽѹ׷ӡ㣬ӶƷԴصλ磬㿴λĲ
ಣ
ˣ
Ϲĳ
أ
ϯⷽʮ߿ա

ڶϢΧʮȻԻΪ⣬Ҳʼ½ԼԶ
սԱ͡
ﶼ⡭ˣɱȥ
Ϣ桢桢ţֲ⣬ұ֮ϳӿ
ռ䶼Ϊ
ɲǴ߶֮ʣɱոͻƣʵﵽɾľƾ
߳һ
ԼĪʮɱ㱻
Ҫ֪ΧϹݱǱʮ񷡣
ɱʮɱ㣬ţһë
űɢ䣬飺ˣϹݵŮӣεΪΪԽ۷壬Ȼ˺ˣ
ǰ飬Ҳ⣬Ϲʵǿ̶ȣоǵɾӦλԽߣ
λߣǴգǺЩԽߣֲãϽʿͬȾ½ʿǿʮˣ
ţܴ𣿡
У̫ʵǿҲֻܴʮɱ㣬Ҳֻܴһѡ
û뵽һĿ˵ţ֣ĸԸΪ
ҲĿ⡣
һɲǼ䣬ʮ㣬ȴϹɪɪ֮͸棬ھͽ⣬ѹʥӶƷ󲿷Դһλ磬Ŀʼʱһ꣬˷ǣֻܼסīɽׯҲīɽׯ֮Уûйκμ䡣
һֱǱߣʵһһ㲻ף֮ǰ޽ʣ常ʶˣΪηҪߣ
⻹򵥣ĸƷ磬ΨһĲµˣ常Ҳᶪ뿪Ʒ磡
ƺͺϺңʱ˵常㣬ʱҾͬ⣬뿪Ʒ磬һȥǣΪ˴£ҿ常»㡣
Ϊã
ȥ常չ˺ףи̣ҲķλͷҲˣʳԣҲ޷ֹң
Ҳ˷ʱ䣬˷Ѿ˵̫࣬ӡɣһжڴʱ⡭
С񡭡
֮ͲϹݵĻ
·ϹҲͷΧδռ䣬˲俪ʼ
ǼΧγɴ˿Χ׳Ϊһű˿
ţ֡ԻΪ˿Զ
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ۣ
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磡
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峺ͫҲѪ˿һ˿˿֯ǳ˯·ľˣѵüĪɽ֮λ磬ߣҲˣΨľ񡣡
ʮռ˺һɽ鱩˷
ͻͻͻ
֮£ʼ½ؾҲܵռ˺Ӱ죬ڶѡڳûݡ


1343 λ
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Ϲݺǰռ˺֮УҲɵɿռ
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ûб桢Լţ֣ȱΪֲռ˺֮УϴǿӣޱǱ
漲ͷű츳Ըɿռ飬ǿ϶ᱻ˺ѽɱ
شȻҿţͷűҿƾڻţž֮ӳƬռ䣬ȥǾǿ֧Ԯ㱾ٶ̫
Ը˿¿ռ˺ѣִڱֲ֮Уƻǲġ
ͷű츳ܶԿռ顣
˿̼֮Уţն𣬾һźɫ棬ͻȻ˺ѿռա
ҲĬĬ˵ʲô
˳ſб㣬վռ֮УͻȻתһǷȥ
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˺󷽣޴󻯵ţ֣ɲǸھ˺󷽣һֻץס桢棬þǰ濹ռȴֻܵսľ
һйȻãû޼ֶΣռ֮档
ÿ߳һڴ˺֮еĿռ䣬ͬΪʮ콣ֹȥ
ͣ
ھ֮ţֻǱһЩɱУŹҲиӣƤëѡ

Դӿռ档
һ
Ϲݾƽʱ㣬תۼ׷ɱռ֮Уûѡûƿʮ˺ѿռ䣬ֱռ䡣
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ڨڨź󷽣ѳƬռֲش֮УϹݲ֮׷ٶȻǳ£ֻƽʱ΢һЩ
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λߡ
˵꣬ǳδһԣƽؿźռ䣬Ϲ׷
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ϹƣҲ˵ʵжວˡ
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Ǵ
Ϲһ𣬾Щ飬ڻͷһ룬ȷоһֲķա
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ٴοϹݣŮò⣬ûһ˿ϤһֶΣʲôͨȷ˽߰˰ˣЩߣΪ˽ҵһУԱԣҾһˣϾͷȻĸԸڸӻ常Ŀģ
Ժ֪ģҶ㣬ûԼ㣬˽͸
ϹĮԶԣԶԶž񣬷·䣬λλǺӣλĴԽߣҲֻԶԶˡ
עźǰˣϹٶ̫£ڿռ֮գδﵽ£ǿӳȥˣ
ȻʱʮռԵ뿪ռ䡣
룬Ϣ˱뿪
ֻĿ󷽳ХϹ٣ֵ̣ա
λ磬ȥⷽƷ磬ǽܴݻ٣أҲӲˣ
뼸ʮռϹݣԵޱȷ绪
һŮӣȴӸݺ񷡣
ಣ
ڣ
ʱᱻɱĿռ֮УһѪܵţֱˣž̤ռ䡣
ӳˣ
ռ䣬Ѹϰռ䣬֮ǰǺⷽ½ռǧ֮С
ӣ
ƺϹݣʶԽж˲Լͬȡ֮ʣ·档
ȥ˾ӹϹ׷ɱ
ԽԽԼĪһȥ档
ӦһϻԽǵʲôҲʲôʲô
һӰԷɶȿռķʽ֮УǰӰҡҷ·ض
ɴӣϹ١
һ¶־壺ʩչͨԦȻںأܴͨԽռ䣬ѳκٶȣͨںϼ²ܴﵽٶȣ


1344 ǿԮ
һ
Ҳû뵽̶̼ϢϹݻ׷֣ռ֮׷ɱ
飡
λţŴڼ˾֮ʱȴͷŹƣ˫ͫһʮɿֲУɱǻδӿռ֮УɳϹݡ
ڼǰѸײڶ֮ɱȥ
û뵽ǣϹݡӰڿռһмǲ
ٶȣԦռ˿ͬһ㲻ʵ
ˣ
ϹǷռ䣬ƾն粨̬µĴ
ȻռǳȻѸɼٶж಻
𾪲Ŀ棺ˣϹݷӡͨʵѴﵽɾ۷߶ȡ
ֻһüͷ֪ڿռϹݣͬʱʩչͨ
ڼ˾뺣ҲͰףǵҲӡͬʱ桢ţֽͷǿ
׼ӡǿ
ÿ
ֹֻ˽ӡִͷæһ
ĳ׷ż
ͣ
˿̣·澹ʮ֮֮
֮һ磬Ӻ֮£ƺ棬漸˷ͬʱЩһԾɱںһ𣬻Ϊһֱɾâ
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ʱ澹һӰӣԭһÿһǧס
䣡
׶ʱ𵴣
𵴣ٱ漸˹עѶ뺣£һһ롣
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ʮͷϹɲγɴ飬ΧԿʼֿռѷ졣
һĻˣΪռںγɣºˮռѷ֮е࣬ˮڶռɡ
κһ磬壬ȷһΪǿĴڡ
֮УϹݡӰʱҲʵ·УֻĮ
ϹݸƬ̣Χлڳٺˮ˵࣬ӿ޾Ǻ֮С
Ȼһ
ͷŹ󣬺ȻǰͶһԪ
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常Ҵˣһδ⣡Ϲ
Ҳܽԭһ˳еϾһЩˣҪȥע⣬ҪסȡλԴͷȴ£ץҲһһ£´ĪҪƷ磬֣ƷռִҲν
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֮УԭˣΪǿĦ졣
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Ħִӷ˵ִʱܱܣһֻõƷԴûбҪĻҲǣ
ǣ
Ϲ֮УٿΧХ
ವһΣϹƾʧȥ
ҲһˣХһ˱һ˿ֲ
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ײӰʵһЩӦòǱ𣬵ˣҲִܿΪǿͻӡ
Աλս֮ϣܵͻӿԴŮ˫
Ů˫ԶǾǴĽλߣû뵽ҲһŮӣ
ͻӲӰһԪ񣬶Ǳ𣬼ˣҲȻǸ̬ŮϢֽ籾ԴӦþĽ磬Ȼⷽ·磬ҲλһõⷽλԴ
ͻӷ˫Ҿͷֿ£ӽ֮ӶԴС׷ѰϢر
ģ
ͻԪ΢΢һ㱼䣬ҪŮ˫ǡ
ȴ˲䣬Ӹ߿һǰһʧ
֮¡
ںָмˣʱױþĻϹǿʵš
治£ϴչͷ߶֮ƣΧǿ󺣹ͳûʮͷοɲˣ
ְ֮Ƕȹһ٣ױǰʤݣҲ֪ǷʥأǺεƣСˣ
ȷϹû׷ɱʱ淽侲
Ϊ֪һ㣬ϹݵǿҪ׷ɱҲûпܵģױٶ޵УĻϹͳ׷
̷Ѫţ֣Ϊˣܵռѷش
桢ҲᣬҺüЯԴ̻ЩԴһЩҩڴ˼á
ˡ

ָ٣Ӧôﵽųɡ
֮Ȼ˶鿴֪ԭǰĦ졢ӵȥ˷½Щǿߣ˺ܾ˷֡
½ȫֵ۹ǹ£½ʧ
ֵ۹½֮´½ԴӵھִͨģһЩıԴ½ΧҲʧȥ


1345 ¹
ʥ½΢һЩΪħ½ħһͳħƺҲڰпɴ½Դ
򵺴½ֵ۹ʥһͬ£˫̲һһ½ֵ۹ʥҲڰп򵺴½Դ
½ֹһЩ½½캣ֵ۹ʥ̡ħûҲͰٻĴ½ʤʱûж󶯾
С
߷һӦ֪˷½֮󣬴ӷ֮УԪ
ǳ
֮·Χʮױ˵ٻĴ½峤ԹŵȾ棬ҲЭ飬Ʒдֵ۹ʥ̡ħֹ֣Ʒ½ԴԼıԴ
ʱ֧Ԯ
ȻҪǷǳĶʤݣ
ĶʤݣԺִϳΪεģʥֵ۹ɱȥҲԶ¶ʤݡ
㲻֪ʤΪγΪƷ磬һ½һʥ𣿡
Ժִй𣿡
ʤƷ磬һ½ڶʤ֮УΪӴ󡢴Ĵ½Դڶʤݵ֮£ҲƷڣƷһıԴǵֵ۹ʥ̡ħһ֪һ㣬˵ʲôʱͻʤ֡
һ߶ʤݴ½ԴԼıԴƷҲˣ
ƷһıԴֲڰ˷½֮£һڶʤ·ЩλԽߣǳˣһ֪ʤݵҪԣǻᶯ֣
ҵ뵽һ㣬ʤݾٰ棬ҵȷ򣬼ħʥǿ߳ûҲпʱǾʤܡ
ǼʱУһ֮УĬĬǱУĬĬػʤݣԼһ½ףĲʢЩӴ壬޷Կʩչعκβ
ҪЧǰʱȥʤݡ
ҲױϤҪȥʤݣϣ˳ȥʤ
ǣ
ʱʧȥ˫ͷʧȥ
ֲöʤݴ½ԶԶ½ԭΪƷ磬ıԴԼ½Դ
ԤеʤݶƷҪԡ
뼸ˣһСָ

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ֵǶʤݺһ죬Ҳ½ʿʤݼĺ
δȥɵͨΪܽӦʤϢҲ桢ţƼָųɡ
û뵽ʮͷױоۼʤ֮Уʮͳ죬
ǽδֶߣõ鱨ܿ϶λδʤ֡
ϽʤݺʱĴױ뿪֮ûòո̤붫ʤݣ͸Ӧʿʩչ磬ڶʤݺֲ¸ָӦ硣
һͷ뼸˿ֺճֲٸӦˣ𿴶ʤûʲôʵԺִˣͰ׼ڶʤݽӦ磬Ԥλɱ
Ҳֵ¶ٷ΢΢ͷɶϢȷֲ֮¸ӦѴڴ߷״̬
ԽӦ󷨣һЩԺΪ϶ʤݰ˷岻ǿߣһЩԺӣڰѲߣƸӦ
ԭʤͲľԱ
и෢֣û뵽вٴ½ʿۼһЩǳ֮УɾŴƿء
д֪ԭ½ʥ½ħ½̱ռݣܶЩ½ʿʤӻĶѰʤݱӻ캣ٻĴ½½Щ½ʿҲвʤݡ
Ȼǽһ㣬ҲֻжʤݣԶԿ
ˡ
ԽһǳأǱУӽԺؽ磬һɡ塯ƿصĴǳأȻӦһ΢΢ϤϢ
ϢͣǳһЩϸӦһ֡
¹
˾ͷǸո߸ϵİ¹ֻǿϧˣ㿴¹Ϊһͨʿ˳֮У֪Ϣһ޷˳֮з
¹
ŮƷ磬ʶŮʿ֮УʵΪΪصŮ֮һ
û뵽ڶʤݼ
氵Цϴҿ½ֵ۹£½ʿӻģ¹Ҳֻ붫ʤݣ
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źĿ⣬ڳǳǱء
κʮͨΪҲֻڶ쾳޼֮һʿӳǳ뿪


1346 ¹ӹ
¹Ҳ׷
ǰпʮʿ뿪ǳأ澪ֲϴ˵ϤϢԭǰ¹ɽׯӹӣԼ¹
ԭʮʿ֮УʿǳϤ
ҲϢ滹ǿģͬ½ţӹ¹
¹ǰ¹
ΪԼ˺ͬİˣ
淢ְ¹󷽣ӹӡ¹о;е֡
֮ӹʮʿʤǰУŴҰиţ˾ôһ¡
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ּһûнǣųǳգҰǳꡢѲʿȷ¼
ʱ¹Ҳں󷽰и棬ǳȷӦʲô顣
üͷ潻¹ӹӾ˵Щʲô
ʵ֮ظӦ֮ȻΪֲ
ͷʮӦԽ¹ܿӹһʿ
ƺ¹ˣ
ںϣҲӵӦҲע¹ϢȴִŮЩңӦǴһơ
ʱһʿӹӵͳ˵ǳԺΧسǣвԺأҲԺϵ
ǻҪո飬޷˸һŭǿֻһ³û뵽ӹһĸ˼ȴԿֻ˵
ǱЩǳ֮У͵һ£ж¹˼ӿٶȡ
ˣ
ⷬоǴ㵡
ӹӡ¹ʲôˣ䲻ԺŵӣҲš
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ѣˣǷֳһȥǳأһ˼Χ
ˣʱ⼸ˣȥȪɽȡ˵˾Ʒ磬ǿ߿Ϊλ磬Ҳû˿вң
԰¹¹ӹһ˹ٺܸȤȡΪҪ
ż˽Զǳأ𽥽Ժ
ԺƷ糬һǳأʵҲ½һһʵ
󣬼˽Ժ룬ҲǶʤڵȪɽΧ
񡭡
·Ϥ
ȻϤĺܣʲôʿѲߣ֮ģⶼ֪
ˣǼҲҴ⣬Ͼⶫʤ֮ϣǿ󵽣߶ɵֵĴڡ
ЩͷϢҪ붫ʤݣһϣ
Ȫɽһ޴żҲǽ֮һ֮㣬һЩ½һǰ嫡
ΧֺȡԨɽƺº󣬲컯ٶȿ
һ̣Ӧʲôƺ䵹СҲӦʲô
Ԩգɽ֮ȴһӰ¶վΡ

ʯ֮һ
֮ɫˣԺǻᣬѴʵҲ֪Ǳû˿֪ܣҲûȥо
Ͻ֮ֶͨԣҪԵ˲ܾѣʯԵ˵ںϸӦ
ɽյԨ;ӦʮΧмΪﵽ޼Ժڰء
ʤݣκһԺأִ½ʿ֪֪ף̤붫ʤݣûĻȪɽȻᱻ֡
ż˿ҲԽָСΪһˣϸߴʵ
ȻжʮͻȻʾͣϴҷ־ΧвԺԼִǿߣ޼Ĵڣ
ܣ
һɽΧ˴δרȥأͻȻôֳ֣
Ҳ΢΢һЩϤϢǿһЩ
Ҳ⣡
ⷽյأԺ̣治ҴͷŸӦֻٿһЩ
ԼĪ㣬ʮʱ˿̣˽Գɫ
ǰʮΧľڼзǳ˾񣬾һЩǿӡ
Щһ㡢һĽ֯黨ס
ѱסΧԼԺǿߣԼһִǿ߳ûй·оܡ
濴ףЩҪԾʲô
׽Ƭ̣ⶸȻӡһסҿЩҪߣȡ
˵ˣЩӡһܽӡԺִˣȻҪߣǷӡһɭ䡣
ˣǰԺΪɳô֣ӦҡһǿУ


1347 ִʯ
Ҽǵǰߡǿ߽֣ǿߣмҲʩչСĪִ֪Ǳ񣿡
˷²㣬ʩչСҲܿ뵽ɽľҲߡԺ߲㱨´ˣ֪С뽫ӡ
˿̣£ǰ̧ͷ
ţһ˫ͫ˲סȷʰ㣬ܣ
ҵҲû뵽˾ͷȻὫһ鱨֪߲㡭ԽΡ
Ī
ʱ޶ŭҲ⣺֮ǰΪЧЩֻǷ£ߣִ֪춫ʤݣһԶʤԴչ𣬾ҲᱻǷӡ
ɻĵô죿òȡôǿڿƣǸûܵõ
롭
ȷ
˴ڳѾӡһҪõһɿҲûС
塢ڼ塢Լ賤ǿҲһЩһ֣ȫûаա
Ȫɽһ֣ϢԺִǿ߳֡
ʱ޷ȡٳ־ͷʩչعǼ˱Ȼˡ
Ĭ죬֮£ſ𣺡֪ЩȡһӡںεȵطҿǴ㽫ߣ
Ժִ̳ҲᣬֻȪɽ֮µо޴ռ䣬Բȡ񣬿ɲ˿ԽɻûСֻܽԭⲻ˾Ӵִ̳֮Ҳزסִֻռ䣡
򣿡
ִˣر֮أʵȥΣξִ˲رأ
ΣǹѺ˵ĵط𣿡
ʵһܿռ䣬רرһ߶֪ܣ߲㣬֪飬ִܣ
ԭ֮Уһرռ䡭
߶֪飬ָֻ߲㣬֪һЩˣǵطħȦѹִǿߣȥ߶ħȦû˿֮пִߣ
ħȦعһĴڣȷܴ⣡
˺ú룬̫ż
˵֪ʱ˿̣Ҫתǻ۵Ҫʱȥһԡ
桢ţҲϢݷ
á
ǰмҵ㣬Ҳ֪
뽲
ħʥ̸ִ֮Уħʥ̸־ʥ֮иʲô
Ҵ֪һЩ̫ȫ棬ʥЩŮӣǳǿȥ٣֮Ҳȥ֮оһЩˣҲʥ֮УħЩǿߣȥΣصʥ򣡡
ʥȻҪĶ
ħʥ̸ִʥ򣬵ȴ޷ȥͱͷŴ󣬽ħֱƳʥ򣬾ʲôִҲͷۣ඼ΪʥѰܣԴ
Ҳ֪
⵹һӣЩס
ִ˶֪Ԫʥ̸ִĿģǾЩΪζ
˼룬ǾЩõʥ֮ԴоǶʤݴ½ԴĵıԴ
ħʥ̶λƿأλ磬ֻһĿġ
Ӷᣡ
ӲԶдˣִ˹Ȼ߾ʱһδγŲߣƺǾ̫Ӵһδʧܣ
ʱʱ̿עЩǿ߶
Բ᲻Ǿ񡭡ڸеţ֣ﳰЦִ˵С
ӴȷƷ磬δйĴڡ
ĬһᣬͺңǳʱУǶʤݣΪĵط
û뵽һӣζȡ
ͷľûУٿִԺǷܰ߾
ҲȴҲһֻᣡ
һУһͷŸӦעʮִ˶桢ţһԨС
̤쾳䣬ҪһʱУҲǣȻ벻ӣԵһȡ
óԴȥ֮
Ȼ־ΪҲע׻Уڿռ侧ӡᡣ
Ҳһʱ䣬δãԿУ
ԺҲ͵ԶʤݣһŽ
ܳΪȻӵлص
ҲֻԭһŹ̫֮ܳ޷С
һԭǹǲȱȫģҲ޷УֻܲȥС
ܴӿպ۵֮УʵѳԺԿ˽⡣
Ҫǿռ侧ӡȫѪ֮Уռ侧ӡռ侧ӡԽǼ̣Խ࣬ԽںϣǿĿռ侧ӡռ䣬ﵽϹڿռȥɵĿֲ߶ȣ
ص㣬淢ˡ


1348 
̵࣬Ŀռ侧ӡҪںϡ
ռ侧ӡȫǣѪںϣһ߶ռ侧ӡռ
Ȼ֮ȥ磬⡣
ڿҲǽ֮ϣҶСƿأȳ̫࣡
׻û뵽ϵ˼ѡ
һԾŴҲԻ𸣵ͨ׻ͬʱҲС
׻ƿһġ
ֲû𸣵ܳΪŴʿƿһ׵磬ױ׵ʱǿ󣬾֪ܶ𸣵ǿ֮
飡
һʱ䣬Ѵﵽ쾳һ߶ȡ
Ҫ
ȻϴΣûĴ飬Ӧûǧǧš
ܰѪɱ䡢ѣΪ֮
ѪԽɱΪ֮ѪԽǿһԴ
žž
飬û뵽βɣ׷Χ
֮͸һſ֮У龫ȡԿʼ顣
ȫѪҲǳţزѪʱʱһεѪɱΪ
ϴ󣬶ʤƺҪں޼ǿߣҪֱӰߣԼΣܽӴ֮𣡡պ
ǣ
治żʱʵǿĹؼ׶Ρ
ִ˽ߣҲ֮УϾִ˾ۼŴǿߣƷһܰ߾
ɱƬҲں֮У޷ʲôʤݣɱƬϢöʤϢ
鿴ڣɱƬȻھһ˿˿ںš
һɱжջҲӵС
ʱҲ׽󣬽Ȼǲȴղپ֮ͨС
Ժ󹦷ҲһͬУֻǷڴλΪһ廯ԪǲȥľԺ
ԼĪ꣡
洫֮ϴִ˳ɹˣһǧ޼ǿߣһִͬͷŴ£񻺻ɽ壡
Ǿᣡ
Ȼ˶
ţֹͣУϢֱˣԭϰߵɾڶ顣
ǿ
Ʒ磬ӽ۷ľͷ
ĿȪɽԶԶܿһˣڸ߿ջƶ漫Ϊ𺳡
һ󣬾ѼɽΧ
ʱٶȸִƤ¡
滯Ϊ𣬰ƴСſ˵ϴִ߶Ի˵Ǹ߲ǽֱͨڣ֮У
棺ȻǴ򣬾ӴطпռأҲױ˷֣
ţһɱڵӣˣǶ֣·ᣬȻǴǿֻܸɵۣ
ͬ⣺һǧǿߣΧиִ߰ѲߣǴʱ֣ûһ˿ڶʱõ񣡡
ȻȴͻȻ䲻˵һʯ쾪ĻȻִҪ֮УǾͽ򣬴֮еõʯ񣡡
⡭㱳
滺Цִʮʤݴ½ԱִϾŴ޵ǲǿ⣬ִڵĵˣص㲻ң޼ڣûңҺβûٽ򣬴߾񣿡
ˣн޳
ǵһδΣӳڱʱǿʮѵӲβ¶ĵõɱ붫ʤݣλУҪʧȥ챦
ϴģٴν򣡡
ǳֶȡ񣬶ʤݸͷʮϢ֮ɱʮϢܵõ񣬷οн޳һҲʱǿ޷ʱɱǾܳûߡִ˸߲㣬ǲǿд룬ҪطǱ룬зӣ
濴¶ģҪõ
룺ŻһܴͨԴӴ½ȥʱգ֪Ǽ٣֮⣬ڽֻһӣΧǿд򣬴ѷ֮н򣡡
Ƭ¶⣺ȻûӣֻӲǾȥʤԨҵ˺ӱǣ
УҲֻܵͷ
˲ٸִЩǿߣ˺һЩҵһԨ·һͬǱԨ֮С
ȪɽյأԨ֮пʼִζһЩϢ䲱Ӵӡһγʹ
ΪҽܣȪɽ󲿷յأ鼸ӡ֮Уˣյؿռָ߲ܶ࣬㣬Ҳֻ֪ʮ֮һյأ


1349 еǳ
Ʒһյأָ߲㣬Ҳȫ˽⡣
ζܿ桢ţ֡ЩӦǺһ㣬Ҳǳ
Ϊǿ綾Ϣ
ԨײּԨ
ʱԨһжǼžġ
˴ζȻоӡա
ѵһЩ飬ĳԨɣ
澪һԭ·һЩѪɫƶ̡
־綾ҲľΪ綾ɾҲսľĴڡ
Ҳ֣Ȫɽд飬űԺִĴֶΣѹ߰˰ˣҲһЩ©֮㣬ĳյԨ
ʱͷ
ͷų֮Уκ綾ζӿԱա
¶츳֮һ
ԨֵȻŨңκǿҲɡ
Ȼ䣬һָԭһУ˺ѳһӣ֮ܿ£ȻЩǶֿǺӹ
ϲ֮дŲˣǴӣͨһӣ
ѸоšնǺϢͷСտ
ԨԼĪһȻǸ֮Уһɾа档
ͣ
ǻڷȼա
ü˷ٶȣҲоѪ㣬Ϊʹ
ӵɴ󣺡ϴж飡
飿
Ȫɽαִѹʼջڡ
飬壡
Ԩ˺ѿӣģһ޴ƶѪɫùԼԼڼǰ
ż˽ԿһħһڵԨΧƶƺħ󲿷ѽ·Ԩ֮С
ɵִŴпֲâϴһħ飡
Ԩܾռ䣬ƲУ飬ȥ
ԨӰ׵ȴš
ħһֳ֣ɼصһ𣬾ԩĹ»꣬ͷаϢ
󣬹ħŽУҪԨӣ֪һɫ䣬һħˡ
һ
ħ֮˸Ͻֹû뵽ħĿҲǵԨӣͷҲаɾˣࡢںһͷаƣԨӡ
Ԩӣ˶֮ʧڿӡ
һѵԨ·һ鳲Ѩ
СΪ
֮뼸ڱԨӡ
ֻϢΪӵԨҪֹ˽ͷǿƣ𿪻ԾС

һ𵴣˲ΧǸγɵĿ
Ʒ׷ױ˺飬ʵǿͷżΧѰ
ΧҲټħ֪ȥĳռ䡣
ȴãȷˣӦǰ֮У
ȥѴ߶ƣû뵽ȻѺۣں֮󣬾ܻûɴ˲ڱƺ󷽣ֵ
桢ţֽǵһμƣԱޱȺ棬Ҳܵ𷨱Ȼļ
û޼ȴ̵ֵΧԽ龳ٶȣһǰС
͡
Ӵֹظʹ
ĪΧ飿
Ѱ˷γɿʱգܿףӦҲ͸ǧס
飿
ٿƣͻأؿ棬żֲˣ֪ΪΣһַǳĸоĳطϮ
ĪţΣգҲʱմѹȸУ
ĿǰΪǷ۷塣
ԤвĪɡ
ԼĪ죬͸žϲǰһЩǲǾΣ
йа񡢱ϢţִʱҲΪУӦĳ
һͬǰǰ˷Ĳǿ˺顣
ƺƣҲ챻û
˳֮£ˣǰ֮УһаѪ·ͷ
˽𺳿ƬѪ˭ֲ֪磬˳аϢ
Ҵһ˲ܿ϶ǹаϢ
Ϊռ䣬
𼸵麹üͷ£ϢɢϢ֮бȻʲôˣ㿴Ϣ󷽱򣬺һˣһ𣡡
ϴڲ飬аϢ֮С
Ŀ𺳣ǡϢ֮Уħ
𣿡
֮Ҳֻ棬в
ħ
ҲǾ뼸СƣΧ
𽥿ϢŻʮʱ沱ӴƤճһа档
һԾ𣬽ȼ
Ѫӿӡѹơ


1350 ħӿ
һ˿˿£⻹ӡһηӦǿҡ
ǰʱȥʱڣǰУÿԶӴϢе־塣
ʮǰ֮ǰǰֲãã޾Ѫǰ
ţ֡ǻǰа̫ǿԶԶѹȶִԪ𵴡
˵ǣϢҲ֮С
ΨΪ򾲡Ѱ
ϾԪǿ
͸ѪڲһЩһħȻһһ𣬶ѻ硣
о
ħͿγһ𣬾޴ﾪ˵Ŀħ
ëһֱΪζʤ֮У֮ħ飿
ʵǲȪɽ飬ںһ𣿡
Ҳʵʮǰʤݽ֮󣬾ǿյ飬żأ󲿷鱻ɱһЩرֲԻɱ飬ѹ֮УӲ֪ôΧ
гǧħ飬ÿһħʵ޼۷壬ﵽɾָ߶ȣȪɽǵһյأҲӵôӴħ
˵ļǣһĻ̫죬鶼
ǸҪСģôħǸǶ֣棬ǿ򿴸
֣
˵꣬ͷŸӦ
ʩչƣ΢΢顣
Ѫ㣬ǰһЩڣ඼һȻɵȻ硣
Ѫ䣬Ȼħں϶ɵڲϸʴЩħƺҪ
Ŀɿڴ֮ʣͻȻףˣͷħⷽ
ں󷽳Σ֮Уȷħ
Ϊһ壬һǸ״̬ʶʴⷽѪ
ħϣټ˺ۼѪɣҲ޷ֹ鿿Ѫ
·Ѫһħٻ顣
ˣ̫ˣ
벻ף⴦ǶʤҪһռ䣬ʮǰԺִˣɳ֮⣬Ҳ֮һδڣֱ֮ѪһбȻĳԭɣ
ֻΪ򶨣ҿӦǣ
򣿡
Ǵδӡһַǳ·ӦҲĳٻҡ
֪֮УѺһ飬Щ鱻ӡ٣˵кô򣬻ܴε
һǾڲʥ򣬸оʥһޱȿϢ
ʥ˵ʥ֮У
ϴҾʹɻ󣬺ȥʥ򿴸޷̤һмпܣҲЩħӦʥ֮ǹںһҪռ䡣
ʥ֮ҲֻȥΧҲ֪ʥźεܣ
˿̣һ㵣·ʥһİ
֮зͷħӼǰǧ׷ɹͻȻһԺӦ΢Ϣ
Լ֮Աֲӡǵ겻СĻɱ飬֮Ҳ˳ڣýֵز
ҲΪܸӦκϢ
ǰħӵĲ飬ʵҲ޼۷塣
ϣӦͶѪˮħ֮С
ѪڣǴħǧںһ𣬾˳ӿ磬ȻҪ֮С
Ȼ󲿷ԺϢǿЩħɶ޼ʵǰ£
ڲħڣʲô
ҲõĴ𰸣ÿһħԺӵءаϢ
ֲѪӡһֱڷ֮С
ҲעһУΪǽѣЩȷǲǹǿ磬˵죬ôħͻ֮Уǧ򰡣ڲơӡҢΪﵽɾ۷ľͷҲԶԿ֧
ӣ
Ң
ƣ
ǿɶλƷ۷ľͷΪʵ֮ϣ־ͷ򣬿Ҳ޷Ըôħ
ţЦɱȥźãɱǰִߣ밳޹أ
ˣǻҪ򣿡𲻵òʵ
ΪҲòֿտնȥõƷ磬ˣ취ȥ
ٹעѪħ
翿


1351 ͱֶ
ǳ̣ԶԶŴκɵ졣
һģֻǵһɳʯȻһɽ
ʿԻ죬ܺȻռγɵĽ硣
磬潫Ӧ͸ڲòܸӦڲж񡢼̡
ҲѰңҲûӡ
ǿ޼ڲݲӳû޼ֻơ
Ʒﵽ編۷壬ѺۣҪһӣӦǿԵġ
ƷѳѺۣٹ˰磬ٻܵӰ죬ҶƿƵԣҲ޴
Ψɽ
û޼
ҲУ
лһ취ɽ
һ֣ն˻ģ
âƿתɽҲڷɳѪ֮֮г֡
桢ţּɽĻʲôǣɽ
ǶʤݾһֱҲɽ֮¡
ݣ
Ϣ֮ɽȻлûͨҲûͨߣһӳ⽣硣
߳
գۼ䣬⽣ӽ
΢΢˸һ⣬֮ڼڴɫ£һϽۣպγһڣ˲ܿһ磬ܸӦӽӿ
ˣ
ý
ɲǽɽƣ˴߶߶ȣΪһߴС˲ŽγɣС
ΪҪ
ĿģɽӣȡأԳ޽
ʿԣʿúô缸˴˿̣Ҫָ߳ڽ֮С
˳ߣָܽڣ
ȻУ֮һЩͨѪ⡢ܽСʿ֮һ

ԼĪϢ
Լ˶ԣͨڣڲԽռ䡣
ȻӣϢ֮󣬼˴ű䡢ڲٴθӦԼһĳĹƯ
Ժ̲ס޵ˣֶ̫ˣһҪɱ㻹ÿ޼ֻһɱɽܽп֮Уٴ統ȥƷ֮ǺӣҪǺӻصƷ磬һһƷΪľڽ磡
ɽ֣Ȼ°빦
ٴδ磬ʵҲһΪˡ
ϴδռ䣬жǱ
ȻɾϲΪɵСģǷӡӦֶΡ
˿ͷŸӦǰռ䣬û뵽ؼ䣬ȻСС飬໥֮ռһ㸲ǡ
ûһ˿ܣܴ˽ƴȥ
ż⣬΢΢üͷҼǵһڣδ˴ӦϢ
ˡħʥ̸ϴδ˱ػƿ򣬹ƾ⼸ʮڣʩչֶΣΪ棬Ե¾ƣƱضһƿأ
ϴ˴ӡӦϢǲϢԽٲӦֶΣ濴øԶ
Ҳ޲ߣƱȻּʩչǵ֪ڸˣ͸ıӡҲ޲ߡ
ô죿
ȻҪʵҲܼ򵥣ȫԲǰЩӦƣֱӷ
һ֮жִߣڼʱɱ
ͬѰ
Ϊ֮У滺ת򽣿ʧ졣
ˣֻ뿪ˣ
ڴʱȨһУòշ
桢ţҲ׼ȥ
ȻͻȻת˵һĪĻǾ͵ִ߷֡
ˡ˲⡣
ץӣҲ벻仰˼
Ȼִһӡڲǽȥкܶ˴Щִ·֣ҲԴ
˴򣿡
ղ뵽һӣȻܰװ׷¾̫пλУ룬ǽЩħһѣǴ򣬻Ǻεȳ
ǡҪˡ
죬ԣִⷽˡŴƿʮ򣬴б죡
ͻȻ֮ɫ󷽸Ц
ˣһľͷ޷
ż䳰󷽽磺ΪõȻװ뿪򣬼Ȼִ˽ȫƿУҾôħڲ磬ҵҪִܻܲ⣡
ǶʤݸҲƷΪһռ䣬ôִҪѹҲʮѣ˵Ϊħᵼⷽ
ǱʧɣʤûˮΪ̣ҿһ߸ϵ
Ǹ˱ˣ
Ŷ


1352 
룬Ʒֵսңֵ۹ʥ̡ħɱִֻŴܶԿǣ򣬵ִͬʱִ޷ԿƷˣ
ǡ
Ҫ˼У

˵꣬濴ڿǡ
ȴ˼Ƭ¶ƵЦݣʶ֮УƷִֻһްԣû뵽ԺڲƷһûִˣڣһ
⡭

̫̫࣬࣬ջû뵽Ϊִˡ
֮ԱǣϴǰԵִˇNɪ꣬Ҳڣ
˺󣡡
׼ˣ
Ҫǿʵ޼۷ֲ
Ȼˣ治֣ЩħøʴҲһ죬ʴڲ
ǰټ̵죬޼ܴһ
ں󷽵ϴҪͷôħͨӲУٵûһɶӣ
𣡡
֮ɲڱγɣɲٿռ侧ӡ֯ɣɣΧռϢںϡ
ץɽӦϢ
ȷ鷽λһ·һˣһɱ
߳߳
ɽͨһɱڽϣ֮˴ɽɱ֮Уѹƣϻ硣
粻̡ͳֻ𻨣ɽƻ̫ǿ类ɽѻס
ָڣû뵽Ϣⲿֱ͸
濴·ڣϢֲӿô飬ͽ磬ʴһ룬ûƻ죬⴦죬꣬ᱻ鸯ʴ
̫ˣ
Ҳ˸ʴ
ͣ
֮˶죬иһһﳤڣǽ˲䱻ɶ
ּһȥɽпڣԽ졢ˡ
桢ţԶԶڰյȴţѾ͸ŪüΪ
𾪺񰡣ƻпûУûУǿߣҪһҲΪѣ
δκһ̣ôʱ棬Ʒ֮Уܵˡ
͡
ڴرаɣ֮ǰɫͳͳΪ졣
ȥޱȺϷѳһߣаӿ

ʮϢ
һڽϣһȦǧ׾˽ڣΪԲΣһڹǡ
ǰ֮ʧаѪɫصռ䡣
žȣ
·䣬½ڵĽ磬һŻҪƿ
ߣ
ͷԣ
濴ż˿뿪
̶ʱ䣬пǴ磬ѾǹаϢӿ
䣡
ȥ߿գոתͬʱǽڽ磬·һţȻ

֮УһĻŻͻȻ
֨֨
ֻħ֣ȽŻ˲䣬ֲ
ǵŻڷ飬һɾŴִǿɵķ󲿷Ȼɵľ
֮УЩƬʼ顢ʧ
ţΪʱҲԭأأͻȻϴ󿪳һӣ
챻ϴͱˣҲֻ𺳡
ʵһԣӺ
漴ħŴһЩͷͨʮɡʮɴħȳ֮УһЩħһЩ޴飬֡쿪ʼ磬뽫糹һῪ
ħǾħ˽
ֱָͣʣϴҪˣҲҪЩ飬Щžһ޴󻯵飡
żЩͷͨʵֻ޼ͽλǵ£Щ޴飬ƻ֣Щִ߻δӦⷽ
ʱȥħؾʥʱ
˵ȴţǧ׽ӣһЩ飬һץ鲻١
ͨͷħ֮ںһ𣬷·ҪΪһ޴ħ
һǧ׾޴ħҲǿƶһЩڿЩͨײ飬Ȼ֮ϣЩͨϣںϡ
һĻɻԾϴ󣬺Щ飬֮ǰʶЩͬЩԸ˴ںϣ
ƺȣΪڣĳٻЩ飬ǽܵӰ죬ͨӹӣֻгӡҲǿҷգһϢҪȥ
ɭɭһͷħϤ޴һ𣡡
Ǵ鸯ʴץ飬γɵĸӣһͷӴ


1353 
ħӣɸħɣ壬÷ǳϤ
ƺǸžˡ̵Ȼѿڶ
žˣ
԰ٻĴ½֮е塣
ĿԽ𺳣Ǵħȷһ顣
ѽ⣺ˣž鲻ڰٻĴ½ôУ֣ѹɱž飬Ϊﻹһ𣿡
ĪǴӰٻĴ½ѵԣЩ֮ܵУǹδ֪Ӱ죬ϧԶ󣬴½ʤݣҲ
ˡ
ڣ
󲿷ָħ뼸ľ޴ħںϡ
һ޴ħ߳ԶʼϢ֮еĸӦ󷨡
ǰһʱֲ
漸ڴ˿ҲѡΪ֮󣬴ִ߾ҪϹ
ħǧ׽ӣѱϡϡץ鲻٣γɽྪӣħһ̿ʼŷӿ֮С
ݡ
Ƿ
ʮ⡣
һЩִߣȴͣ£Ų߶ơ
½ִߴһħ棬ûһ㶯ʶ
ʮ⣬Ƿգں֮Уҡͷ꣺ѣִˡŴԣһ޷ݵѣ
ִˣսԽࡣ
֮ǰϰٵٵ
ÿһ֮ϣһִߡ

ƺִҲʼж׷׳ơ
Ϣ֮ħڵķգͻȻջΪ죬лɽҪ緢

ǴӰձγɼɴСͷž
𹥣
ͦ⣺ִ˶Ը飬Ƿǳо飬Ը飬ԷаԪ綾
ִ˲ΪƷһ
Ըѷӣǻ𹥣
𹥣
Ϊʱִܴ߶ƣԦ֮һͬ߷ħʱֶΣִ˵Ĳ
񷣬ƺޱߣ½֮Ȼʱա
Ȼڼִִ߶£ִˡŴֲ֮꣬дͷų𣬹ƣһⷽء
ִʱչ˺ֶΣִ֤ʮ꾭Ӫ򣬲ֶΡ
ƣԻһһ
һЩħִͨڣʵ޼ͽλ֮ܿУ綾ƣԪɱơ
ΨһЩ޴ħƶɽ
ϾħżӲҲҪһʱ䣬ħоʹ࣬Ժаʶܵвǿʼ񱼶ȥΧ棬ôǸӦ󷨱
ִ֪ߣӵƿʵȻ˻ûʩչֶΣ
ִȻ
Һ֮ǰûǿд룬ⷬƣǼֻвƣܶԸ˺ƣ
עΪ˵ƿдħڳִ߲ܶʱ䵲ס飬׼ħؾ֮У
ŷ𣬳Ԩǣزȵú¡¡𵴣ִʧȥơ
Щ
أ
һЩ飬֮󣬵ǼܿҪΪҽԺǱɳһЩаӰӡ
飡
Щס֮鱾
鱾һֻʶҲһʶ
ǱͨԪͨԪ뿪޷ʱ뿪һκοռڣǱͨԪ֪ǿٱʿΪξĸԭ
Ǻ֮壬ڱգ鱾𲻵ò뿪һ·ָɣûйִߣȥ
ͬʱ桢ţ֡Ҳһգ
һԵΪ񷣬һ׳Ļ
ʾˣȥڵħؾЩ鶼ͬλȥ
עǰЩ֮е飬һһ𣬻Щ鱾Ҳһͬ񱼣ԶԶȥһɨ㡣
㵵Ǹ򡭡ʥڵķ棡
ħҪȥʥ
ʱͬһ£ѵҲһʥ֮пֲϢӡҲǿҷգЩħܵʥٻ
ϧ֤ʵӡնҪȥħؾȽȡ

뿪ʮ󷽻аţһٵ⡣
ִ֧Ԯˣ
ڷԨ̧ͷһ⣬һִƿն
𰵰Щ˶˷صִߣҲһΣˣħɱִߣӦûһ˸֧ԮԴ¹ţδ󲿷ִߣԻȥ֧Ԯ


1354 رؾ
ٺ٣ⲻϴ⣿滵Ц
Լȴ㣬ûһִ߷˲뿪Ԩ
һЩִߣǰǰǧִߣⷽȥ֧Ԯ
ʥһҪȥһΣҵҪʥ򾿾ʲôܣô౦빦окֲٻħ
Ҳǳȥʥ򿴸
һЩܣѸӦϢ
ǵԨؽˮϢΪرټ֮УֻҪԵԨؽˮϤʿֿʣܲԨؽˮĴڡ
ǧԨһ磬͸ܿںһƬ
ħؾ
һżִõԨؽˮΣϴҲǴﴳ֮С
䡭
û뵽˻һξ룬ħؾԵ
ֻҲǷ磬ħؾ磬һ𵴡
𵴹һϤˣԭһͷֲħħؾ硣
Ǳѹ飬Ȼܶӳ
沱ӴѳְƴС״̬ǽӡڱʡ
ӡֿһЩִߴħؾɱɱͷӳ飺ʥǹϢ֮ǰΪǿңĪ֮е飬ҲҪӳ
ţȻֱ˵ˣǿɳִ߶Ը飬Ǳħؾʱգ
˽ΣִϢǽΣ硢ϤҪڵһʱ֪ǣ
ȷʱ̣
ԥʮִΧɱħ֮ʣĿ
һﾹܴΣ
ʮִҲңʵҲ޼䣬޼۷壬һɾ߶ʮִѹħ
ԶԶһС
ħʵǳֲʵܴﵽɾλ顣
ȴ֮У£һа٣ʱֻеɾһʵ
ȻĻħ۷ʵҪɱִ׾٣һɾһͷҲ֡
мִ֣߳׼޸ӡ
Ҳȥæδʱַӡ硣
漸㣬˲ǿӷС
ɲԨؽˮϿգһƬ䣬֮Уоһ˿˿
ϽԶӣ治ӦܸӦִߡ
֮ҲϤﻷԼĪ㣬ʮԨؽˮɫ֮УǴľɽ
ɽࡣ
ţֿ޷壺ϴνΣǽ޼ǱԨؽˮõһνȥ
濴𣺡Ϥа취ȥĿǲرռ䣡
˼һ󣺡ʵα߽磬ǿԴɽһЩѷǱԨȥرռ䣬νرռ䣬˵õ񣡡
治ԥһЦˣֻһ߾룬ʵڲУ󷽷ɱرռ䣬ǣüɵνִ𣿡
Ҳԡ
ͷǳڳʵһǵɾʵκεطȥ磬ʲô
·Сɽ˳̤С
ΧûжִѲߣֻиʮɽ壬һʵﵽ޼۷ִ
ϢؼΪϤŵΣɽ󲻾ãֽһѿӡ
ʵһȻɽǳͣǶǷˣղ롣
һԹѪɽи־
ǧ׺󣬵ضȻһЩĵصΧмִϢ
ŵصϴǧףһƬټععһƬº֮Уһµ
ԶԶʮعǾִ˲رռ䣿
ǲرռ䣬ִ˽ٱԲ󲿷ֶһЩϱ޷ʹõıõļִ̳
Ԫܣô꣬Ϊ߲㣬Ҳδ⣬ֻ߳УӡҢִڣҲԽ뱦⣬˽뱦⣬͵õõЩɡ

ܣ滹桢ţ̰ԶԶǴع
ಣ
عΧеºЩˮҲǵԨؽˮ
ع֮ͻȻɳʮִߣž˾òˡ
üͷưԵˣ
ǣˣ
漰ʱ˵ǳȥ֧ԮӦǶԸħ
񵽱ˣˣⷽؾִߣֻʮˣԼһȥǸһְյõ
ȻǱ⣬ڲӦϸ򣿡
һΪ蹡ǿߡ
Ҳ壬ʤݵһǿߣ
ʵơ࣬ҲϹŶΪﵽɾ۷壬̣һɹܶɽ٣ɽ֮󣬱ܻ
ɾ顭
ǿ


1355 ǿƹع
ʵȻԪϣʵǲ࣬жǿĿ
ҪȡҪһս
֮У蹡ӡҢƶһߣʵ̫ǿϴħʥ⼸˳֣ɱħʥ̲ǿߡ
ϴζᱦ
ߣ桢ţ֡˿˭Ҳûа취
ͻȻָ°ĨҪǣҲߣֻʮǿߣǿҲһоͻɱǰɣ
ȻܣˣƣΪҲ̤ɾʵҲͲһаյֵƣ
ҲԵֵκǿ߹ƣҪɱҸȷ棬ǹҲ÷һЩ򣡡
ϴҲԻûӲȣɾͷҲһʱԻɱң
ǾִߣȥڲᱦһһɱҪִ֪Ϊ־壡
ɲǴӰԽն
ԨؽˮºӰ˦ں󷽣ǰعµһĹΧǣܼͱڽΪ
Ϣ
ع֮ʣ澹øӦ䵹С΢΢ͷϢ
澪ϲӦһɣСͬϢӵع
˫ͫͷžâһʮִߣΪﵽ޼۷Ĵڣɾͷ
ʩչƣסǣֻҪʱҲ͹ˣͻȻһڵعΧǰˡ

ʧ
ţ֮ճһħɷ档
˫ͫѪ֮дһɵâžžը죬忪ʼͣһ˲ͻȻΪɡ
԰һƣٺ٣
ֱǵع磬¡һȥ
عһⲿнһţֱһ˲𵴹һ飬عҲڴ𵴡
˵˷
һִߴӵعΧҲִ
ִ֮Уŭ𣬾Ȼͽ
ҲʶЩִߣЦλѣ¿ɲΪִʶ࣬˳δлһ죬˵ˣ
ɱͽԼһâ㾪ˣһ׷ߡ
蹣ɲִһԱٻûãҾ㣬û취һҪһֻ͹ֺ㣿ƣ
ɲǼ䣡
֮ƣΪƸΪ꣬˲ʮһִɱ֮ʣ׳һͭâ

ͭâعϿգͷų֮ǰΪ۷â
˲仯ΪʮɣһͭƯš
𵴣ߵŻһȴ򿪣֮һ̶𵱿ա
þ˵ķ
ܣȷƷ࣡
ƷһƷ
ִɱȴŶƣ÷ٶȣ׷Ҳͷų
ŭüƣĪʧ꣬ƷΪϷ֮һƣ
϶ңѰȻеʶƣ
ִߵһںƣƷΪϵķ֮һȻ˼䣡
ĪɵƷ˵ƷƷʣҲֻһƷû뵽ִߣ˶ʱ俴ƣһ𷨱
ֽƤϻһȺɵӣ
ɱ
һ𷨱ЩִߣͷžƷͷųƷ
ԣ
Ʒ
ֻƷƷֻǳƷԶԶﲻָ߶ȡ
ˣЩִʩչƷƻҲ㹻һ졣
𣡡
ͻȻ޴󻯣
СʮһСкͻȻΪľ޹꣬һ磬ɽʮִߡ
ţҲ죬ץһӣӿâں˲䣬ɱһС
һʥ飬ȻƷϵ߼ʴɣͷħţϴοѹ㣬αҲѹ㣡
ɱִ֮УһԾŴʥǿߡ
һ飬ϳǻ𸣵
ϵƷ̫٣һͨϵҲ㹻ǿߵսľ
ٺ٣Ҫȡ飿ͬͬ⣡
ţɱһУʮ׽Χɱƿնȥ
ƣ
ӡߵ֮УȻɱ߹һÿһɽǰ嫡
ع߿նڲ棬Լ
˹ɱִҲ߶ɱƣһʱ˫ƺйƿռ֮С
ع⣡
桢ţʵǵɾƣʵܴﵽɾ۷壬蹽֣Ҳܿܡ
ʩչΧκϢԦ棬Խ磬عſڡ
Ƭ̣תعĵعûء


1356 ǿǿ
̤һһɽȿӰ㾪˵Ľڣع֮Уֻôһɸ߽ӡ
ӣȻǱڡ
ɽ
ɣһ
ݵһ죬ǽӾȻһɱһڽφ졣
©֮㣡
Ա֮УȻɱһڴꪣ
һرִߣɱɫꪣꪷ뽣һ
Ȼûܣŵɽ֪ߵغһƷҷۣ
˵֪ߵغ񣿡
ɱĿִߣͬһŰ£꣬Ϊﵽ޼۷壬ڴںǧ꣬䲻ƷںϣʵﵽɾһСӲǶ쾳ʲôʸŲ֪һֻ
ڵģԭص
Ҳ֪ţģ㲻ִ֪жֲ
Էɱ٣ʱ·һ㣬ɫꪷ߳߳ɱǰһɿռ侹Ȼֺɫ˺ѡ
ռ˺ѣ
ִ߹Ȼûдʴʣʵȷֲ
ݵһΣɽͨһ̳
һƽִɭɭû
䣡
һ̣ꪷɱ֮ǰ
ɽȥоһⱦ˷Ҳ֪ķâԼһɳ״ꪣꪷ濪ʼ顣
ܡ
ɫն˲䣬ִ֮߱۰ս
亹ðʱ򣬸ϽһƷʱ˿̾Ȼһƽ顣
ಣ
ûгʤ׷
ת齣ڣȻɽƷٶȡʵȥɽɱһ𷽷泬ԽԼִߡ
ִǻģӣʼһ
ա
ִҲδڴ˿̼ʱֹ֣뱦⡣
Ǵ𺳣ľꪣһ󵨺һںϵľƷһͨ࣬Ȼƽһ͸ն顭
ͬڹŹһ⡣
꣡
һڽ䣬ɱڲ
㡢㡭ִŭƣ֮ͷһڵ׷ȥ
תۼ䣡
һˮ硣
֮ǰκһ̣ռ䣬һӡ󷨣౦ڵع֮С
û뵽ǰһȻıռ䣬ǣлвݣ뻹һСΧ컣ﲻһ⣬һԴ
â˸ŵâͫͷţЩʯٲݡ֮УƯһǴͷʯʯǳϤɫʯ
һЩﶼڿ࣬Щ֮
￴ټ󶴸񶴸һ㣬ֻǲͬǣǸֱ
ˣû뵽Ʒһô౦ٶ֣Ժ
ಣ
ն
ȵط֮أҲ˽أ

Ƕ滹аףȡ
û뵽ִߣ
üͷɾִߡ
һ쾳˲俴ҵΪִ߽ˣѮѮ֮䡣
Ϣ䣬͢˫һƣһߣǿߣ
Ϊǡɾͷ
ԺһǵɾһһǶûǸʵһҪǿһ֣
ҲҲǶ֣ǿӲһ˿Ц
˶쾳Ϊӵ޼߽λʵȻǶֶ֣βٺ٣
˵ڴ֮ǰҼɵһУ޼ڣؽ޼ڣǱ½ʱʱ̿ƶǿûһɱȫ޺֮ǣһʲô
ɱ䣡
Ȼ
ɾ澹Ȼûһ˿š
ǰһ޷˿͸Ц
һӰλϸע⣬ǿڱһͽС԰ꪡ飡
ԭִҲɱˡ
Ŷ
ִߣԭǳмһ쾳
ʱ󣬿ʼУǿͨⱦһƽܻƷ
ΪͨӵһڹֽΣֻҪ߶ӵɱΣ
ߣǾͨѹСӣ
ɾͷ˷ӣ
ߣҪƤִҲɲǽӡûиһʱ䣬ͻȻһۡ
ۣʤǿ֮ͨһ
˾ϴδ򣬵õǰ޼Ǹˣ桭
ִߣҲС档
һٴδ棬Х֮Ҳͷһۣ
ɲǼ䣬Լɵ۳ǰѾΧס
ĪЦΪִߣҲǶʤͨΪҾƾһڵ͸Ҵ
۽
ɱ
ִߣһ̲޼ǵɾִһͬ߶ͨ
ۣͻȻץһڿڽףȻΧǽ𵴡
ˡ
ɱԪȻʼֲغХս


1357 ڶ
Ϊִ߹ͨѹǿ̶ԶԶԽΪ
һ̣עûɽҲô޽֡
ߣ޽ɲǷǷɽԴ飬ǿͨ
쿪ʼ治Ǹƽʿ
ʮ˵۾޽ͨҪ˲䣬ͻȻɳһС
СȻûΪһˣ
䣡
һڿھ޽ɱоˣһը
ಣ
һӰû붴ա
ʲô
𣿡
ӰȥִԼ齣
ִ߾ؿ룬һ˲ϻû𣬰ɡɡǧɣ
ⲻǡոձǴ뱦⣬ӡõľ𣿡
Ȫɽ񣡡
ִ߾ˣ
ǰޱϤָоİ
ߣ
߱
¾񣬰ͨȥԸִߡ
ٴӸݡٲݡ֮ƯıɹûȥȡЩ
ҷԼһЩɽ壬ڿһվڱ

ȪɽľҲ֮һ
˼Ժֽкãϲˣõڶһˣ˲ηƷκǿߣڶϵӵڷ粻ƣ˭в
ಣ
һɹǧףԽٱ
ָž񣬸оޱϤϢֶž˵Щʲô
񰡣ҿˣ
ԼĪϢ֮
ûжһ£վ
Ƕ֪𣬴Ȫɽľֻ֪Ȼûܽѡ
Ȼһ̣ͻȻ¸˫ۣͬһˣⶼ𵴡
ת֮оǺӣ֪ʲôġ
ҾҪʼȡˣִҪһ˰
ȡ񣬶׾١
һɲͷΪһΧһ
ˣɱɱ
ʾ棬Ҫż
ȡһæһߴҲһ·֮ϡ
û뵽·Ϸ֮УмƯţÿһȻǵ̺ˣϢ

ǲڷɱ
һɱɽһƤ«һŴ󹭻С
Ӧִô꣬ռɱ
ͷžâһɨ̼俴
ɽ«󹭣
ɱļû濴ּһɱһɱ
ɱǿɱƻϢɫһģ
ͷͫˣǿ飬̻ɱƬϢȫͬͬһϵƬ
ȷãЩɱռ˵ʱҲɽƤ«ɱƬ
ɱͷɲǻΧ磬ץļɱ
ˣ
û뵽ǼɱƬ
ŵ治ᣬ׼㿪ȴоںϵǿɱͷǿϢ·кǰǼɱƬ
һ̣ԾɱƬɱƬڣ˲
ˣ
˲һ𵴣濴ɱƬȻںһ𣬳ΪһɱƬ
ۣ
ҲΪɱƬ˲ںϣںƣȻޱȿֲ
ʱôѪо飬һʱ޷ǿ
ĵĺܣˣˣܵشû뵽Ϊɱںϣܵش
ʱ˲ˣ温˲غ󣺡ϾϽ֮½編ƷҲԶ˺㿴ɱȻںһ𣬳ΪһɱƬһЩɱƬɢڲͬط
֪Ǻεȷ˲㣬ɱ̫࣬ҲʶɱɱƬ٣̺ҲǿңȲɱƬʮ֮һ
˵ɱƬͲ
ಣ
˵꣬Ҳ֪
û뵽һƿΧϮ
ֻصԪ򣺡ˣһӵеɾľͷˣΪ蹵ǿߣ
蹣
Ǻǣڲڻָ
ûһ˿һĲš
ɱƬںϣ𵴴ƻ״̬£תͼһߣ
Ƕʤݵһ壬ľͷ
˫зһĨЦ˽֣ĲڻԸң
һ˫Ŀ⣬棬ߣ
Ȼ壬ɱƬںϣҲںԽĶ˭³ģ
ϷҪֿٱ
û뵽֮ռ䣬Ȼɱ
죬ؿɲԷ·ռѹȶĿֲ󷨣˵һ쾳䣬һɾͷҲԵֵһ⣬󷨴
ָһ


1358 
һâüɱ蹣ͻȻЦ
һͻȻһ㣬Ӻ󷽳һࡣ

Ԫ񷨱
Сܿƾѵģܴ߶ˣܴ߶һˣ
ǰһ̣蹻ãܽɱ־ͷⶴ֮Уɱһ棬׾١
ʱ˾ڼһе蹶ԣҲϾ˳ġ
Ȼ㶫ʤ£û˿Էܡ
ʱȴһ쾳ѡ
žžž
ѹƶй顣
ɱ蹣ͷһǾƷԪǳ𺳣ֻܽעڿƷϷ
ಣ
ǰо
治ˣ
·ͷһƬâƯڸٲݡ֮еıͳͳؾġ
֮ǰûõʥ½ıǺǣжʤⱦҾ͵ͬӵŴһĵ̣
˰ˣҪʲôʲô
ȡʯؼʯͳͳʧġ
˲ؿռ䶼װˣҵѰһǳһĿռ䷨û뵽˲ؿռ䣬ô౦ҪƵġ
ʱ蹽ֵˣҾղȡǸɱ«һֿռ䡢½ԴϢпһռ䷨ɱ
Ƥ«ǿռ䷨
ôɣ
棬ұ
һӡǷɱ
蹿һɾľͷλƷ۷Ĵڣʱʼܻ
ȡִӰ˷½ռı
ǿߣȥõһ
Ȼô꣬켸ǵı񣬾Ȼڱһˣһõܲ
ΪߣЩִ׷Ź
ģϴأȡҲԼסû£
ʼٷɹϷֱ˲ؿռ䡣
һռ䷨Ϣ򣬾ܽжߣֿ˻ζʤ֮У򣬻ûаһˡ
䣡
׷ɱʩչһƷһδν֣׷󷽶
ϧǾƷԪԪ۷ͷҲҴ⡣
ಣ
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ԪӸΧ𣺡ִǰ֧Ԯһ˵󲿷ִߣȥʥԮ֣Ϊħʥ磬һִߣΣ֧Ԯ蹣
üͷһ
΢΢ź̾ﱦֻȡ֮رҸȡˣ
ͷ治ȡִɱ֮ʣٻ
һɲǻû䡣
һΧȥ
ִɱϣǰ֧Ԯ»æ
ס棬;ͻȻɱ
ȻǾƷ
һڿڵɱƣɱ
ѲﲻΣȻ֮УôʰǣƼں󱳣ֲĴʹ
׷ɱܡ
ٶȷҲ׷˵ﱦǴߵģ
䣡
һͻȻһɱһִߡ
֮ǰ棬ִߵľ
ٺ٣һִʬ尡
氵СͨϣʱǸպá
ִֽʬסйֵĿִߣϧһײ
𣡡
澹Ȼվھ˼ϡ
΢΢ָž˶Ȼһ̣𿪿ռ䣬ִ˺ѣ׷ɱִߣʱƷ
ÿֲľƿأ£˭Ǿ֣ҲܵһЩӰ죬ǵһ׷ȥ
׷Σ
վھ˼ͷƽأ̲Ķ
ˣ
桢ţִ֮Уһͨٶһִ߼Ԧۡ
ɱ㣬ɼΧʮ·ʯϷҲ׹ʯ
˲˼ͷһĽ߳ɣδˣţԵؿ棺ϴûһ˰ɣ
Ԧ񣬾ڣõɱһûаһˣ֣֮ɱɱУ
䣡
̫խݲ¾
͵ػȥץ֧飬׷ɱ蹣ִ߽ܵӰ졣
ӴԨ·Ϸִʯ׷׿蹣ϣε챦˾ˣʯ綹飡
ҵ֮ԶԸѹˣƫƫħɱƻʥ򣬴󲿷ǿ߲ѶԸħСӽƻޱȣץסħעŸҴΣ
ˣ


1359 ɱ
˵꣬ץסƣ߶һӡλѣͽܼԦžƷѹ񣬱λʩչ֮
ˣ
Խͷơ
ߡ
ͻȻʮִߣһȥ
ˣ
ܣ
֮ϣһϿ֮Уվڼͷ¶ˣ蹵˵ȷδ׷ɱ
žҡͷܣҴô౦ǲܲ׷һʲôı
ˣǵȷŹ㣬ִˣ蹵ʱ޷κ㣬һ־ͷ֧Ԯ˾Σˣ
Ҳᶺ̫ã಻㣬ȴɱ֮󣬴ִκңҲնһֱۣ
ʱ䣡
ֱ߶£һʯ飬Ԩ
֮⣡
޾Ԩؽˮ
ڸգͻȻԾٶȣɽϷΧҲִּߣ
ܿ죬һϹŶ֡
ӣ
ʥ֮һʵȻһǿҲΪﵽɾľͷ
ףʥѹʥֻҳѹͽƿΣ
ӡɣû뵽ǵڶο֮ϴμǵǰ˾ǰҼǵùż¼ǴʥضʥռսЩȱ֮

ΧգΪ룬ϷȻһЩӰ
ӰӰһͲǱ
ЩӰΧʱգһظ֡
ӰûܼòԼװΣһ͸ʶϢ
־
ЩӰһǿߣƬʱ־Ƶۣ۵Ƭʱա
˭֪ΪԸһǾȻ߶޼Լ˱Բ뿪벽
蹽߶ƣһӰʵ
ڲ
Ԩռ䣬顣
ֻֽԨͬľһ˺飬Χκһִߡ
վھ˼ͷ֮Уίʵɽ壬ֵܵԨؽˮʴӲѴﵽƷ߶ȣȴǿлһͨˣǧ׾ζˡ
һ˫ͫ⣬׽Χ˿˿ִû׷ΧҲûи֣ԶαϢ
ɱˣһ뿪Ρһ޴󻯵ľ˲ʧ
ֵڶŵС
񣬴ӽǣ˭˻κңСĵơ
Ԩڷȥǧ׾ǶԣҲͼϢ
ڡ
ܿԨϷЩͱڣһ׳ڣٶԽԽ죬һͬɳ
ո뿪ӣɽɳ˲䣬ݲһ˿˷ܣҲףִżɵֹ
߿ƶ蹵Ц桢ѵȺǶʱ
ԭΧʮִߣͷ
ôִ⣬ΧϿվȻƯϰӰ־һͬͷųһԨؽˮʮ֣ΪһΣܲƵĽơ
ԭ蹡š
ɪɪӰ˷ΪӳˣʵǿֲôִǿߣԼƬƿ
֮ԱǣЦִ˽컹룬ϧϧ֮ǰڲǽ޷ѹңʱټν磬Ҳκβң
񣡡
һΧִ˭
֪
Ҳɭɭ޷ѹ㣬ɲͬŰ磬ֶΣ棬㿴ΪôûһʿԴӳȥ
𣡡
ץƣɲǵһģ
ִڰ˷һҲڴ߶ơ
ȻϷ֣Ӱ־ҲͷϢ·˶ڴ߶ĳͨ
ϷͻȻһâΧԨؽˮʱٰʼκˡ
һѹ֪ڴ߶εͨ
üͷӦĳǿϢͷţϣ֪һЩ
ȴŴͣ
Ͱͣˣִ߶߶򷨱ħȦδϷϴ֮ҪԸǣ
֮
ħȦţͻȻ˷ţӡ
Ҳ˵ÿұ죬ֶѹң
ˣ⡢֮Ŵִʮǰֻ߶һΣһǰǰ˵ĳطͻȻض֮ЩϹŶִ߶ħȦѹΣ
ҸңʮֶΣȻһ쾳ʿϣ
ĪҪ⣬֮򣬾ڶƬռԸ㣬رѹ㣡


1360 ħȦİԵ
ҵȻ֪һֱʶħȦϴδûһ۸лˣ
һš
һ
õħȦǰӦţ֣Ҫ͸
ʳԣ

ΧЩԨؽˮ˳һڱ
϶֮УâԽֲ·䣬âһ硣
洫ˣħȦҸоǰҲʥ򣬱ǳϢռƬʥ֮һ
滹żʶħȦʱͷŸӦһִͷѹȡ
Ȼ
ԶԶҲʥǷ񷣬ȻѴɫΪѪɫͬʱӡҲҷա
Ϣ֮̾ϢôִѹħɱȥʥΪǹϢǿң
ħɱ֮Уӿʥ
ʥ֮ǹϢκʱҪǿʢһбȻĳֱʡ

Ͽմ˼ͻȻһɫԲ֡
ӣһǧ׾޴ĺȦ
оƤڱѹǿ˺ѣɵÿųֶĿֲȦħȦ
ԣִʮǰľǷħȦ
ǵʱ˵ˣǲǵǿڵعɱͬǣħȦȵعϢһЩ
ͫһɱ𣿡
ԺͷǰɱˣһȱɱԽκε֮ϣ޼λƷħȦʮ֮һҲȲϣ
Ȼһɱ˲俴ҵõܿһ
ɱֲ
ʩչعҲмܣǿƷ磬ֲ塣
ħȦع
Ӵ˼ʳХ棬ߵһб˶꣬Ӱ˷½ռһɱǿִ˺ò׷ӡĴڣƿƷĪã첻һĿܣ
ӦҵҪܷ񣬴߶ħȦɱ
Ȼܿɱ
һ蹼ΪԾ
ᣡ
ϣͷŹâ
ִΧ˷գҲעЩӰ־ҲͶ
ΧԨؽˮ˳ԽףԼһྪˣ˳֮£ʣһֻ¶˳
漸ûоѱԨؽˮ˳ɡ
ħȦϽ١ͷΧԨؽˮ˳ȻҲΪħȦԲ״ԨؽˮڴʱγһԲ˳ڽǧ׸߿ᣬΪǧ׾޴󣬺һѹ
ԨؽˮγɵԲȦ˳׹ռ䶼ڳ˺ѣǳϢ
һںˣԨؽˮ˳ƣħȦνɣôһ˳ѴﵽƷ߶ȣ¾Ǵ߶ƣҲﲻ˳ָ߶ȣ
ȷѳԽʵ̫̫࣬࣬ǵɾͷҲмܣ
Բְ˳ѹΪľͷҲû취
ͻȻˣ
һС
СһԾڰտʼ޴󻯡
ӼһĻ̾ǡǾȪɽ⣬ʯ񣿡
ӦǣɫϢһ·֪ʩչСԸм־
䣡
СԻΪ
ոһͦѹ˳ײһ
Ԩؽˮ˳ڿһ޷˿Ӱ죬ڰ֮飬ΪԨؽˮ˻׹䡣
ã
ͬץסݣ˷ܵظߺһ
˼ͷʱǧ׸ߣħȦǧס
ҲħȦоĲâ֮ǰΪҫһЩ
棬˱ܸߣֿʼ߶ơ
ΧӿĵԨؽˮֻΪħȦƵ˳ơ
ֻƾҪƬƿռ䣬εԨؽˮƣȻٶܵӰ죬һδڿգͱԨؽˮУǿס˾
⻹Ǿ񣬵һܵӰ졭
һ
û뵽Ԩؽˮ˳ⷬٶܵӰ졣
֮ǰԨɽǰ̣ץƵģκʯץ顣
ȴԨؽˮӰ졣
õԨؽˮҲֻӰ쵽ٶȣ޷顢ƻˡ
վڼͷȻܵһЩӰ죬Ͼоţֲ̫ܵ
˻˵ˣԨؽˮѳּӲ߶ȣԨؽˮںħȦɱΧĽԨؽˮѳƷԺɨκ
ȷԨؽˮ˳Ѵﵽ۷壬ҾþܵӰ죬뻹ΪħȦҲɱҲǣ˫һص㣡


1361 ɱ֮Ƥ«
ھȫܳû£
û£ħȦסһִ߽ħǷѹǵ־ͷ鷳󣡡
ˣûа취ӳħȦռ䣬ҲܵӰ죬ͷҲǰ취ħȦƻܽƣ׻飡
ħȦҵ£ħȦƬռںϣϵԨؽˮ˺嫣޷ƣҪɱȥǿԵģҪܳʱ䡣
ϴԴ߶ڶ񡭡
취Ը
û뵽ʱЦָڶ
Ҳ¶ϲǰ
ǿħȦƵԨؽˮƣٶ֮죬ҲҪٶȣûƣλڵԨؽˮ룬ִܱߡħȦʩչҲʩչڶҲкЧ
ͻȻ˷ӣа취ˣԳһ£ҲҪ߶Ʊǣ
ǵƣ
һͭΪɴСƯϷ
ԶһûɣǾƷ磬Ϊ϶ƣӵй
ϲɫƣֵܣ߶֮Ȼѹƾֻٻ֪ħȦԨؽˮԼʱںʮ꣬ƿƵԨؽˮͷŹƣԨؽˮ಻պ˸գ޷ӰԵ
䣡
˷ʮִߣһĻһͬХ
ǇNɪ
󣬼ƾ񣬶ԷһԨؽˮơ
֮£˻ܵ
ڴ£ͻȻץһƤ«
ˣ⡢⡢ɱȻҲߣû뵽Ƥ«һ֣۾
˱֮УļɱҲģһЩɱһûϸϸȥʱ;ļɱƤ«Ӧһռ䷨ҿԾںϣܿƻƤ«ΧԨؽˮһִ֣޷ԦԨؽˮʱټԦˣѹħȦ
ð취
Ƕɱˣ«ͽƤ«û֣ô꣬ҲֻһΣ
֪
˷֮й¼Ƥ«ʮǰԺִƿ򣬿ʥʱʥȡɱ֮һϧô֪꣬ɱȴûһˣԽƤ«ںϣִʮÿһʱ䣬ͻøִںϻƤ«ûһɹҲУҲ
Ǹ񣬾ʮûһ˿ںϣ
ǰɱִɱ֮УħȦһΪ࣬ûܵɱ֮һǿڵعҲģҪںɱʮƷû˿
˲УϴУ
һͲˡ
ص㣬ǻƤ«ʥ򾿾ǺεȵطɱԼ
˵һʥأΪųԽƷ羫Ҳ˵һżƷһɼ̾Ϣ
ʥ𣿾ȻһɼлһҪȥܴҿʼںϻƤ«
֮ƿƣһͲ
ҲԱ桢ţ֣
ϸϸƤ«
«Ϊɫήһ㣬ûһ˿âһųκϢ˿˿
Ƥ«ɱʿǰʿҲ뵽һɱ
«һЩƤһƣκӡǡơ
«Ҳܷƺеۼ波ֽҿȴ޷«
ֵ«ҲƮƮģһҪõĺ«
ɱ
Ƭֻ̣ǿںϡ
һЩѪΪһѪҲǴ߶ɲһֻΪѪ֮Ƥ«Χ
Ƥ«Ѫ֮УȻѪûһ˿ӦƯУžѪ΢΢
ǵʩչСǧ
һںϷвͨҲΪΣʮִšǿںϣûгɹԭ
ɱڷ磬ƿأ
بŲķ

ˣ
߶СǧԪͨԪؿʼչĻ棬һЩͨԪΧƯ
ﵽһ̶֮Сǧ֮£ָһһâлƤ«Ѫ
֨֨
Ƥ«ڷ
λѪ֮УƤ«ǳ֣Ҫһ㣬һθͣ
һĻ˵棬桢ţֽףƤ«ȻǱһˡ
ˣ
Ƥ«ζڷ
ٴδ߶СǧԶ쾳ǿ״̬߶
ӳ֣ѹƻƤ«
ڼ䣬亹ðͣɫҲܿò԰ף֮ǰ蹽֣ܵҲδݣʱȴ߶Сǧܵġ


1362 ںϺ«
ԪѪڴģСǧһǽܵĹȻ߶ŹҲҪ˴۵ġ
ֻԱ߽ȴţ޷æ
߶ƣϷһԨؽˮƣϹǵԨؽˮ֮°˳֮У޷˳֮зӳ
þޱȼӲ˳һδιƣ޷Ϸ˿ۼ
ˡ
һʱ
ڻζ֮еĻƤ«һâ̫ˡ
Ƥ«Ѫ«ҲͷһȦȦ·նһ̣ޱ財ҫۡ
Ǻ«ڣǺ«ٿڻҪ«롣
ʩչСǧǿнƤ«ںϣﵽ쾳䣬ʩչСǧγɵҲﵽǳֲ߶ȣȻ޷ѹһھɱ
֮࣬涼ιȥ
һ߾ųɣԪҲܵģҲƤ«պܶࡣ
Ȼ޷Ƥ«
ϹΧĻƤ«Ѫ濴ź«ڣСٽȡ
ˣ
һĨҫϹ⣬Ӻ«̵˫ͫʹֵ桢ţҲʱ۾
ϹͻȻһЩ˼ʣƤ«ͻȻһЩƣƼǾӡ
Ԫ󾪺ˣɱɱڲκ󷨡ơӡǾӡӡһĴڣӡӡҲ־ӡ
һҪע뾫ѪóȻȥɱռ䡭
ںһɱ
֮࣬沢δʧȥ侲Ǽ΢΢ͷСǧƤ«ںϡ
ֵܣղǹϢѵǴ
Χ߿գ
ִߣ߶ħȦƵԨؽˮϹ񣬷ǳľǿгһС
Ҳƣȷһɱƣûмʲôɱ
ɱϢ
ӡ蹽ϾͷʲôɱϢһܷ֡
֮ͷƿִ꣬ɱоƷκˡ
ˡ
Ƥ«ȻѪ֮У澫Ѫ
ԽɣƤ«ֳľӡԽڲͬ
ҲǵһΣ뷽ѩһΣǺ⣬Ʒ羧ڣ⻹ǵһμϣҲƾڵĴڡ
Ƥ«ϵľӡƷݾӡþʯɵʵʾӡ
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Ժ˵ˣɱû뵽磬ʮɱֻм󲿷ֶɱɱ̫磬ɱƱģûۼɱڲᱻ٣ҲʧɱƷʴۿۣ
ô࣬ȶȹǰ鷳˵ռ䷨̫Ҫ˲ؿռ䶼Ǵӱȡıûطţ
ںţһɱڲϢ𽥱Ӧ
䣡
ħȦִ߼ΧʱԦԨؽˮϻΪ˳һȦȦо
ǰУһʱ뿪μٶȣ취ƺü죬뿪Ԩؽˮ
ִܸü칦򣿵ʱһɳǿԸ
ԨؽˮһȦȦ񣬴ʴִƬռħȦһͬѹþֻܻڵԨؽˮ֮ǰ
ִҲǴ¿ˮǿû뵽Ǽ֮Ҳ޷Ը
Ҫִ֪֮Уǿ

ֹȥ㣡
Ƥ«ͻȻѪ֮У澫Ѫ
һĻҲֻƤ«ֻûСһЩֻаߴСպֿץġ
ϸϸһʱƤ«֮ǰӡǳʵһֵϹӺ«ͷų
ϹͷųΧȻԼȻ޷ԽϹ⣬ϹȻ֮ơ
оϹ⣬ޱȰƤ«ںϣ޷ԽϹ⣬Ƥ«
ɱݲ÷ʿ¡
ˣ
桢ţҲһƤ«û뵽ǣϹ⣬ﾹȻ𿪡
޷һ֣
ţַ·У⡢Ƥ«ǼɱعʮֹعɱҲģԿסƤ«һҲ޷⣡
˵ⱦ治ϲϴֵõһһϲ
ʱ򿴿ⱦ«
Ƥ«ͷŵϹ⣬ƯΧ
УһȻƷһɣһ«ˡ
к«ٽڣβ֣ٽԼҿһɵϹ⣬ǿһ«Χһý顣
һ«ڣһ«ʱԪʶ«ڲ磬Ȼһ硣
һƬɫɫâ硣
ǿɲââ


1363 
ڲȫԽƷϢ˽⣬Ʒû
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ʶƯƬϷ治Լ۾һоƤ«ڲռ䣬Ӧжʤһ½嫡
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ʶ޼ڲ磬ҲС
ҲӦź«ڲ磺ˣǿռ䷨ռ䷨Ȼһռ䷨ڲռѰǧ򱶣
˷ܶԶƣٺ٣¿װκˣһ½Ҳװ
ˣҪǺ«ڲȻϽǷζŴӽ쿪ʼӵⷲ磬Ϊ磬ʽú«ڲУɶԵ
˵ĲϧƤ«ںϣҲֻܸӦһڲռ䣬ҵԦƤ«ӡ
ʱûнƤ«ռ䣬ʵڲϽһʱҲ޷Ӧ
½ߣ½ʣ޷ءӦϽʡ
罭浭ˮ㣬ȥ֮УҲ޷Ӧ
ҪУҪһںϡ
ĻЩɱִж꣬ΪûбߡӡҢ蹡ơЩͷںϡ
Ϊ
ҵˣһںʮӡơ
ں«ڲ磬ҵ«򵥼Ԧɷ
һںϣϾʶƽⲻģĻʮ֮һƽ⡣
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ħڸ߿սǧִ߹£Ȼӻ֮гʥ
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ħ̫࣬ʵǿԸ飬Чôգ鱻ճ촷ۣЩ鱾ҲյûΪ̳
Щħѳ
ʥڲʿԶʮΪʮꡢʮʿҲһ֡
ЩʿǾŴӣִѡǿߣƷ統һǰʡŻڵĴڡ
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⴦翪ʼ֮ʥ򣬴඼Ƿ棬ҲжϢҲǳ
һˣǺε磬ǽӿһֽɷϢ·ʥһƬڰռ䡣
һ࿴ˣ⣬ֵ֡˴ħ̫࣬һЩǿѳֱ̫࣬ʥض
һִ߱£û취ֻڴػ龡ѹõȴǿߣӶʤݸ֧Ԯ
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죬ɱ
ΪһΪ
飡
ײнɲ鲻٣ʣ֮Ҳѹ
û뵽Χмʹִ߷ֿж

һΪ޴ħ
һ飬ϻдࡢħںϣǧ֮ɲһߣǽƽײ飬֮ڲ
û뵽ִߣû׷ƿռ䡣
ӽӿȥڲһֺģƵԨؽˮˮ¹硣
ڲһΣҲҪܾһ̤ڲȻУȥ޲ƣ
ִ߸߶ƣӡӡ
ƿռĳ
ˡ
žںڰ֮зɳۡ
һ˻޵˵գ۹һӰȻžû޴ʧںڰ֮С
Σ
ӡǿߣͷƬռħȦɱһԨؽˮ˳˾ƿؿռ£ߣҲ޷ɱȥ
ͷƱΧˡ
Ȼſ˫ۣͫ˸һ˿˿ɫ
лƤ«ȻƯҲһЩ̡
һ˿˿һоγĳ
дˣҪƷǳܣʩչӡԲףҪȥϽӡǾӡǾ͸ѣ˽Ƥ«ںϣǿܴ߶
ɱȷ
桢ţӻ
ֳֻƤ«תּҲֻп治ֶΣܴƬԨؽˮռɱȥ
ϷͷŸΪ
˼ͷǰΣϷһԨؽˮ˳þڴˣִ˲ǵҲֻһ鷲ˣ޷߶
Ͻ֮˵ԨؽˮһȭҲܽƷ򱬡


1364 ħȦ
߳߳
˫ֺʮƤ«ǰٽںһҿ
ӿ«Ǻ«ڽͷŵӡһȦȦһ㽻֯ɡ
ڲƣӽۣȻɱڲǾӡǷ޷ƿص
治ƿɱӡֻǴ߶Щӡˡ
ӡ˸һЩҲһ֯

û뵽ץסƤ«·Ԩؽˮһָ
һԨؽˮԨؽˮڶϢ£ЩİԨؽˮ˳ͻȻͻΪһӴˮؾƤ«
һĻÿһԱʱǰһĻ˲䱻ڶ硣
ԨؽˮϷȻΪһСɺɫˮ漸˿֮ʣԨؽˮˮٱԨؽˮС
СС«أ
Сĺ«£
桢ţ֡ںš
һС«ܽʴ£˰ĵԨؽˮУ̫š
⣡
Ϣ
ΧԨؽˮȻʧ
ӡ蹼ΧԨؽˮڴˡʧһͷˮ
Ԩؽˮ˰磬ƼƬ꣬δʧִҲ޷ִԨؽˮ
ȻվһΡ
ڵԨؽˮڷӿ֮ڴʧ

ΧһεԨؽˮ¶ӵס
ž͵ڿնٶָֻ֣ܸ߶ȡ
Ҳֶ֪ΣƿصԨؽˮܸߣ蹵մȡ
ಣ
ʮִ߷ħȦ
ӡ蹳ħȦһ⡣
ڿ֮ʣǵħȦȻȻû֮͵һͷһǧ׺âԲȦ

ħȦûڿնľ
þٶȻǺâԲȦ飬Ҳٴء
ħħȦɱһźâԲȦ飬ȵԨؽˮ˳°ٱ
ƱˣɺâԲȦԽش
澪ΧâƬֺâ֮УȻ̺֮һϢϤħϢ
֮Աǣû뵽ħȦһħһΪִһȴݶħ֮
ˣħȦǰģħ·Ϊ찡ţȻԣһСħȦ֮
һħɱĴãǴҴӦ㣬ⷨ㣬ҾҪʵŵԣ
ҲǵһμħȦǰİҲû뵽ħȦһħ⼸ħȦδ߶һΣ޷ӦϢ

һΣ
ӡߣٸһᣬ֮ǰĸ洭Ϣ᣿
Ǿ񣬼ͱ֮ĵԨؽˮ˳ɱ
ħȦһִߣΧռһɱâԲȦһһħȦ
ǰһ̲ûƤ«ΧԨؽˮգûеԨؽˮû뵽ħȦƸΪֲ
Ԩؽˮ˳ƣܵ޷ж磬ħȦֻǴߡ
һâԲȦо֮
û뵽Ƥ«¾
һԾȭͷһâԲȦɱȥ
ִо㱦˵ưƷ磬λ磬ЩλʿΣ
̫õ蹽ʩչ֮ڴ־ʮִȫ߶Ƭʱ£ɱһâԲȦ
һ̷·Ǻ֮У׹Ǻʯ
䣡
һȭһâԲȦâɲ顣
䣡
ȭĳâƸǶ֣һȭȭ顣
ͻͻͻ
Ϊ˰ԵâƣâִߣƬʮʱմ
ҲһƬʱ֮ʮ߿սǸ𵴣ִҲѪ
ܣһƬʱ֮ħȦԼҵʵ
̫С񡭡
ӡҲҪͿգһ̣ߣھħȦ֮УҲֻܴţ޲ߡ
Ϊ˫Ͻ֮
¡¡
дħȦɱĺâơ
ħȦ
ƬʱգȻصĸߺ

һֱֻһâƣȻһץڿգץסħȦ
ϽħȻץסڼͷ֣ȻץħȦմȥ
һƬִ֮ܵ𶯣ûٿԴ߶Ƭռ֮赲档
ץħȦһִǰߡ
ɶ񡭡
Ҳߣһɱˣ޷ʥ
蹡Ӿʱ֮֮شһ޷˰׷ȥ
ħȦħȦ
ʿնС
ţּǹ壬Ա̰žУδħȦ


1365 âϢ
ĽĺܣҲ˷ܵˣңħȦɱȻûбִںϣʮԭִֻ΢΢á߶һЩħȦںϣ񲻻ѹħȦ
⣬Ҳͦ⣬ΪѾѹħȦû뵽ֻǱִʮֻһЩˣ
ħȦûбִںϣ
û˵ģھץסʱǳ׾ʹƬʱգһץߡ

ָž񣬺һЦ
ֱɲǸնħȦʱǧ׾޴ѾûСһһС
Ŀ࣬żɵ˽ħȦ
ħȦҲдӡͬƤ«ɱħȦӡǺɫħɷΪϷ̫ħͼڡħӡԼһЩͷδͷŶħƣ¿ЩҲ˲
ţҪȻɱħ˭֪̺εΣգ
ҪˣҲҪħȦţţֶˮ
ħȦһ߶СͷƿħȦ
һƬħɷץסħȦţȲץУħȦֻ˱ᡣ
һµȻţУִЩ߲֪
ͻȻʾ棺ӡߣں׷
󷽰գӰǱ׷ߣ󷽣Щܵ˵ִߣҲ׷ɱ
ֻҪɳԨؽˮƬʱգ޷κңҵһִʬָֻʣһɡ
׷
һ׷治壬ֻҪƬԨؽˮ׷Σ
֮ǰõִʬ壬һȥ߶ɲڲΪѪ״̬ʼɡ
Ϣִ֮߾ͱڻƵģеС¶ÿһ䡣

֮ǰȫעƺ߶СǧǿںϻƤ«ľųɣܵġ
Ǿ񣬲öܴ߶ҪƬʱӳɵͬ˵Ρ
ʮϢ󣬼ܿԨؽˮ⣬ЩֲԨ
ѪһЩˣʱӳȥʱִ̣ߴ󲿷ֹעʥλҪҪ
ãһοûţĿѴɣ֣һʱʱ뿪ôľôȥǴӳȥ
ͣ
û뵽ҪɳƬԨؽˮʱ֮ʡ
֮£ӡգʹƤͬգ͸ſаϢ
ÿֲϢ
Χ桢ĥħȦţ֣Ҳӡ͸𺳡
漱æչѪѹӡʥǴϢκʱǿҰٱ
ˡ
û뵽ǣ˲غҲһɶ
֮һ𵴣
ͷ˲غû뵽ǿںϵɱƬ֪ΪΣ𵴣Ҫȥ
ɱƬ̻ᡢԼαģں֮Уʱ˿̣ΪɱƬԼͷ
ԽɱƬͷų⣬û뵽һ˿˿Ϣǰȥ
Ǹ򡭡
ʥ
ɱƬҲʥо˸ӦΪΣ
û뵽˿ɱƬϢȻʥȥ
벻ӡͻȻʥΪ棬ɱƬΪζʥǷҲ˸Ӧ
ˣ
ɻ֮ʣԺ˵пʥ֮УһЩɱƬΪִ˱֮еɱƬпǴʥ
˼Ƭ̣ҲͷпܣʥĳȻɱƬȻƬǿҸӦ

ԼʮϢ
˲䣬ӵԨؽˮʱշ˳뿪ħؾ
أһɨ󷽣ӡƴ׷ϧһҲٹ롣
ߣ
Ԧ񣬼նȥħǴӱϾ
ˣ
ͣ
ӴӡΪǿҵķš
ͬʱ˲ƬںϵɱƬȻҲǿһζͷһ
ںɱƬһμɱƬϢͷš
˲غͷţʱκ𿪣γɼɴâ
ţ
˲ΧˣƤ«һâȷϽ֮㿴һЩϢȻɱƬһ˿˿ںϣų⣡
ˣ
ϸ鿴ɱƬΧȻѪħϢɱƬâ£뿪
ȴϢûǰ㲻Ȼһ˿˿ؿɱƬ
һϢΪ𺳡
ΪԺԺԺ󹦷
һʱ䣬󹦷֮
ƷֻԺԼִǿߣſӵ


1366 ɱ
ΪΡһͷˮ
ѵˣ֮ǰõɱƬںʱɱƬԺϢ˵ɱƬԺһϵʱɱƬͷâϢޱǿң󹦷໥Ӧ
ɱƬҲԺйأ
ǰҿԺйأΪԺҲֻǴʥ֮УЩż󹦷ţǴɱƬϻ󹦷ɱƬ󹦷ӦñһҲɱƬ󹦷໥ɡ
󹦷廯ԪҿɱƬںϣһҪΪһ˵ɱƬ̺ŵһ廯Ԫ
һ΢΢ҿһЩɻ
ɱƬ붫ʤݵһ廯ԪȻŹ
ಡ
û뵽ǣ
ɱƬȻƣ˲غһɳ⣬ʥȥ
Ȼ
æԦɱƬ׷ȥ
֮ɱƬںϣʱɱƬǿ뿪罫˺飬Ϊܡ
ҪɱƬ
ڿ׷ȥɱƬǰѹ
ಣ
Ƿӡ蹷׷ִҲһͬ㼯
ʥ򡭡
ԼĪ㣡
һ˿ǰʮﴦ֪ΪΣƬ񷣬Ϊ棬ϹڣӿҲ·Ҫɡ
߿գս
治˿Ϣ񷶼ǡεǿ󣿡
ӴӡҲ֮ǰΪǿҵطţǿ󣬴ʱ˿ѱӡɣΪһ顣
׷ɱƬƬȻʥȥ
ʥأ
󲿷ֱ桢ûִʱʱ֣ӦûڶԸħ
׼ִ߽֣ɱƬȻҪȥʥȥ˾Ҫִٴɱ
ͣ
ɱƬͻȻͷһɻ棡
ɻ𰡣
ɱƬռ䣬ռҲճִҽ
󺧣ɱƬϾںϣͷǿϢʥ֮УжɱƬ
ˣɱƬϢ廯ԪͬɱƬҲһ
󵨲²⣺廯ԪǳɱƬ
¶ã֮ɫ²֪Ϊû֪廯ԪԺδֻ֪Źִ˵һЩ߲ҲһУֻ޵ܴʥȡһ㹦
ȶɱƬоһʱˣ
ʱȻ
ǰʥŴִߣֱӺȥȻ´ִɱ
ǼĿ˵ִܱܹߡ
ԦΪͷٶȣҲٶȶС
ܿ졭
ʥֻʮ
˿һĻʥ֮⣬Ϊħڷ֮зգҲִʬڷա
桢ʥҲڷա
а·ʥ֮Уһ㣬ʥ鳲Ѩ
ݲõʱ䣬׹Ϣռ䣬籩桢綾
߶ʥա
ʱ滹ǵһμʥΧ
ʥʵҲһ棬ͬЩʥǳž´ʱûн磬Ȼ硣
ɵ߶ˣ⻹ֻʥΧڲڲнƣΧšִпռ䣬жƣκ̤һֻߡҢӡ蹡Щͷʸʱʱƿռ䣬ʥܣҲδȥ
öâ

˿ǰҲɱƬȥ߿ա
һҲĿɿڴ
Ǹ߿֮УȻƯʮɱƬһͷâɱƬ
Ȼ̫࣬âⷽ£ҫ˷Ϣ޷ΪһƬʥش
ԭôɱƬ׼ȥ
Ȼ
ΧִߣڷҢǵȾͷ£ƽɱƬ
ಣ
ʥаռ䣬ȻκɱƬ޴ʮɱƬ档
˾޴ƬͻȻ桢ִ߶޷Ӧ
˼һĻˡ
ǿ޴ɱƬ֣ʮɱƬһɲǼ䣬
Ƭ˲ɱƬں֮һ͡ҫ۵â󲿷â𣬽ƾҲ͸ȥ
䡭
ʮССջɱƬһɲǣں֮âն𣬳񷡣
ɱƬɳ֮ƣҲ޷ݵâ𵴡
桢ִ߶ԣһâ𵴣·֮Уհ˷ٵأڰǰ𺳡
ÿ˽Ŵͣâһ顣
â񷣬Ҳ飬·
Ҳ籩ʯգɱƬâѲѹ


1367 ˷

âƬֱ뿪򣬳κʡͳͳΪ촷ۡ
ʤݣ
ǰءȪɽƬƷ˴½ż֮С
ԺԺԺ
ȪɽΪ룬ƬżԺ
Ǹ
·˯֮еȪɽΧۼŶԺִǿߣˣ޼Ϊǿߡ
Ҫִߴ£ɱ֧Ԯʥ
ҲֻǰִϾŴ˴󶯾
䣡
һɴضȻȪɽأصѰĺ
ǿ𺳡šؿأ˭Ҳ֪ʲô¡
˺󣡡
һֲɫƣհƿն

ִľͷ

˭֪Ǻεȴڡ
ǿҲ˲ϾΪԶȪɽ
Ҳһ̻Ϊ
Ȼݲһǿɽ岻ԶͻȻһ׹ơ
Ƭضʱʼ顢ְֲĺ˷ӣҲڹѣһƬŹٴ
ǿߴ󲿷ּʱ룬ɴ֮ǿߣ
ǵݴصĹȻХһӰ˴֮С
ƣ
ץعҪǹ顣
󡢴󡢴䣡
ʿչ۸ߺ
һ֣޵УϵعɱǹɱȥڳʿĸǱܹ裿
ɲشƬ嫴أ
Ӱգ̤˻ģعɱһɳаâǵֲ硣
䣡
عɱһ
˿Ծһܽ顣
Ȼ
ֻǱ𿪣еعҲ֣ǹɹƵâҲڹ֮У߹һ顣
Х䣬ԽƷΪصȪɽ
ɲǼ䣬ڶʤʿԣһԿ񷣬ҲɢһȦС
Ƕʤݣ
Ʒ磬ֻҪʿ˲䣬о·籩
̧ͷ˲䣬Ӱ˷½򶫷񷣬üһĹƷ񷡣
Ʒ˺һ㣬κ޷赲һҫ۹Ȧ
캣½ĳ
һӰ֮г֣ԭǷѩ
𺳿򶫷˫֮ͫУ˸ž㵣ǹϢƷ𵴣ɱϢʤоɱ֣
ϴ潻֣ˣ׷ɱҲš
޷õǼɱʱʤɱܵõʵȻ̤һ߶ȡ
˲䣬ѩСʤݷȥ
½
һսϷһЩ𺳿ƬȦ
ӣ
ͻӳˣû뵽ǣڱ֮ϣǣǷҲޣʮʿ
ʮʿūǾŴ֡
ϧһб
˭뵽վŴǿߣأ硣
ɱ
ͻӴʱһ۱㿴ǵĹɱ
һߣͻӹ£ɱǳȻһɱɱֽһҲᣬӣƷһɱҲ㲻У
ףѡһЩӢ䱾ǰȥʤݣʹȥһǸȥʹ߻ϣ
ħ½
һڰɭ֣һ׵ѡ
ͻȻ仯ΪѪӣȻǹѪˮ
Ѫ֮УŲʬƯţһЩӤ
ͣ
ѪͻȻΪУѪˮΪһѪˡ
ħۣ
ѪӣͻΪһ
ݼۣ
ϷַһߣǾŴǿڴˣһϳЩħ½һ
Ϊָ٣չؼ꣬ɴӤħ̥
ħҲʮͷ˵ˣʵһλӡ
һǿߣ񷣬΢΢һεɱ˰Եλ磬Ҳδ˳ƣû뵽Ʒ绹ɱٺ٣ͻɱһֱħ̥ܣϵۣҲûһ
һߣշħµۣħʥ½Լ½ԪҪȥʤݶᱦ𣿡
ȥȻҪȥһɱշ飬ܵõһɱÿڲ֮ɱλ磬ټоӢɱƷȻʥһ汾ȥһ
ǣ
󲿷ħǿɢȥֻʮ
޼˺ѿռ䣡
ħֻΪһѪӣһһǿ˺ѿռ䣬С
ٻĴ½һ׺


1368 λԽ
׺ϷʱֻϹһԾŶʤ񷡣
һ޵س֣ݶһɱ󲻷λ磬ҲδһɱԺһ磡
Ϲͷ常ݶһΪõɱ
ҪģĽЩλߣһħԽߣʤݷȥǿɶǲ֮ԣʤǴ½ԴıԴ
ݶ

˵֮Χһʥ̸֣ӵ

һδ֪ʱա
ʱ֮Ưһ̨ͬһǪۣ֮̈̄£·̺һǿա
ͻȻ䣬Ȫ֮ǺӣһűǳΪҫ۵ĹâǺ֮ɲǳ֡
һǴƼžǺӡ
ɱôˣͷһɱ￴
ջûһӣһ£û˿ȻϢںϡ
⿴ȪôʱֻһƼ˿һ𵴡ҵģ
ֻΪʵģȪһࡣ
ϸϸһӻûжװ֮аһ壬šʡɡ֣
ˣ
ʼӡ
û뵽һӰգâ
λˣŵûæӰ¡
ʱ֮ˣ˷ʽȻǸ߲㡣
Ӱ޴Ȫۣ·Ǻ֮УһĨҫǳ˸
⣬ɱҲкڣεعš
Ӱ޵س¹ӷʣǽѲߣ
ӹűȭƸ
ӵ𣿡Ӱһ̾
ǣƸʵش
ղ½ɱ֮⣬˵һɱȥ½һˣȻʱһ죡
СĶԴհ
ಣ
֮Уһ֮һˣӰںϣƸһͬ·ǺȪ
ʤݣ
յһżȪɽ
Դڷ֮޴һӣΪ档
ع𣬸޷һִߡ
ǽԱƿ֮֮⡣
𺳣εɱ޷ѹƣʥ֮УȻиΪɱ
ϵܣ
Ȫɽ壬Ҳڳ£󲿷ֻΪ档
һꡢ˶Ӱǰ֡
ȭ̩ϸ磡
ʥҪѹǼɱҲ֪ĴڣȳףȻѾ£Ʒκ޷սִ˵λЩԽߡ
˼ˡ
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ಣ
ɲǷ·ӡ
ΧҲӿ֮ǰЩ𿪰ִߣҲӷ
½֮£
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ɱ̫Եҵһһˣ
֮⣡
ӷһһվӰ桢Լţ֡
ͷһĨϳ׷׵䣺֮ȷ£ǼɱǼɱħȦعǿһҪõ
𾪺ɱƬɱţѹâٵõɱƬ

ҢȵϹŶâڱѳɱƬִҲХȥ
ʥ򡭡
汾ڶ֣ȡɱƬ֮ͷɱȥдִߣʱ
âɢȥһЩʥ磬ȫ飬ʥЩҲˣκִʮĽƣҲʧˡ
ʥһΣչǰ
Ҳ𺳿ʮʥ
ʥȻһƬشƬҲһаϢӦһżΪаϡһЩֻİ׹ǣһЩڲͬͷųϢķ
ǿɱ
ૺߵɼһɼ
ϢʽԷǳˣƷ֮ϣһ˸޷ƬɼǵɱʿԵõģǶȡɱƬɱΪҡ
ɼ
ҲǴ۽磬һЩɱвʬǣϢƷ硣
˭ȥȡ
Ϣ˽⣬֪ǴżϽʿ޷̤
޷ȥζȡɱ
֮ɼаҲϢ˭֪ûĳǿ顣
˫ͫͷɱƬ
ŻʮƯڸ߿֮ɱƬ֮𣬶ɱƬ֮УʮɱƬǿƬںϣͷžâ
ಣ
˸ڿգ
ͻȻһƬơ
ԭӡ蹴ʮִߣǱ׷ɱ
үүģţɱڡ


1369 ɱ
˿˿ĵˣҪôִƤ£õɱƬڵ죡
δҡ֣׼ԸִߣɱƬںϣܸоһɣǳںϢǵɱƬҵģ
ಣ
ɱʥ
ӡ蹶ʱ߶ƣǰȥȡɱƬһִߣֹɱȥ
ء
Χ֮УһЩ
ħ
ʮϰǿħҲδڹ£ɱ֮УΪǿĴڡ
ħ׷ʥȥĿ겻ɱƬʥɼ
ҲһЩħŸӦѪϢɱִ֮Уִ˶ȡɱƬܵһӰ졣
ԶԶһĻҢǿߣһȥͷâɱƬ߿ա
ʮͷ
ǵΪﵽɾĴڣһͬͷŷӡҪͷâﵽǧ׾˿ռӡ
ѹɱƬ
ǿӡԷӡκιɱƬΧ緢âӡ˲䲻â˺ķѡ
ԭɱƬִҲѹѹģ
̫ˣһִ߾޷ʱѹɱƬдϲִ˶ڣۿɱƬҪС
أ
ƷһҲ޷ѹâ
ݣ
ɱһڿڵ
ǽͨƷʴﵽƷƷƷĿµ
ӡͷڴִɱ
ɱƶҲ飬˺󷽰գҲʮڵɱ˺ѡ
ż֮ǰҲִأЩһ
ò׶ɱʥһȥвħÿԸӡ蹡
͡
׷ɱ֮ʣҲڿɱƬ
Ȼ
֮£ӡգ·ĳٻӡ

ʱ淢һЩʿʮˣǲǾŴҲִߣȻ֮Уʥ
濴ЩˣϾȻҲϢһӡϢЩħҪʥɼ
ɡ
һ˻ơȻԺ
ɣ

̣ӡոΪ£ӴҼ缸ΪѪ״̬
桢ţҲѪ澪ܣ֪ʱӡôơ
ȷһǿ飬ʥĳ䣬ٻħСԭҲΨһһõӡˣǰʥʮʿҲԭϱֲӡĴڣ
Ƭ̼䣬·

ټһжħʥɱƬͷŹΪ
ɱƬͷâϷͻȻһɶĳͨ
漸̧ͷſɱƬ֮ǰǹɳâһӡ
ıݡ磬ڻ顣
һɫӰ˼ʷ·𳬹â֮ӻΪһﾪ
־̾
ɫӰ񷣬Ϊ
ֳִִߣɱ
ִ֧Ԯɱ
Ŀβ棬ɱƬ
磬ӡʥ޲ӣΡȻ֮âȥ
СӰ
û뵽⿴һۣʮ档
ϱ֮𡭡ֱ۾ȻˣԷ̺ͫ⴩䲻ов
ɲһδ򽻵ˣǵһ棬ǽֱ۸ն
ȻֱȻϣǴ̬
棬Ҫӣ
ں󷽳Х
ɱˣʮڵɱɾ顣
ͷԼЩִҲĲЩɱܴﵽɾµز
㣡
ȻôִɱҲֱɱƬȥżҲֻڴ˿̱֡
䡭
û룡
Ǳ忪ĿӣǧִߵӡҪʱ޸
һըըöִѪǸոķӡֻС
߶ֶΣܵҲ⿴϶ˣһһŮӡÿµŮӡ
Ůӣ
֮ȥһŮӣʵ֪жǿ󣬾Ȼ𿪡ǧִߡ
Ʒ򣬷·𲻴һ㣬
ǿ
ŮӵǿѴǧִߣԿһ㡣
һЩִ߲֪ȥŮӣŮֻǵһӣһ˲ɱʮִߡ
ɱ
Ůһ֣ɱǹɵƣȻܽʮʵﵽ޼䡢䡢ǿߡ
һִʬ壬˲ķѡ
λߣ
һԽߣ
һЩִɱ
ִˡẈ̤̂벽
ִߣǺŮΧסĸߺ
λߣ
Խߣ
һɲǼ䣬ִ߾һִߡʿս𺳡


1370 ħɱ
ȻһλԽߣһͬŮӣţ˵֮еλʿȻɱˣ
ϵܣԸ棬ҴʰŮӣ
蹾Ӻ󷽣ǿнڵջɲն𣬴߼ִߣҪȥԸǺŮӡ
Ǻǡ
澹ȻЦˡ
֮ǰͷ׷ɱҲκβˣ߼ǿߣʣʮִߣκ
Сӣ޵ò񣬱ڴˣҪƤߵıһֻ
þͷǸЦ񲻻ðɣ
ŶʮִߣԦɱ
ಣ
һǿƷͻȻƽ
桢̧ͷһȻǺŮӣ֮Уⷽÿ档
ȵȡ
֪ŮͻȻкĿġ
֮滹ͦˣȻλԽߣȻӶҪӶƸ
ִĿ⣬ͿԳûȡɱƬٴյ뿪
ʱ䣬ɨŮ䣬ŮǺԼһϣһ仨ơ
Щƣ·䣬ޱϤ
ಣ
һץгһϾǺŮӣһģһγɵĻ䡣
һϳϴⲻСǵôˣ
ԭСաʱΨһ
ԺͽӡãΪηӡҲɢȥ
ϵĻ䣬Ǳ˰ҲСһֱõĶ
ץһθּꡣ
ˣ
û뵽ȻǱ˰ƣͷһЩ⡣
̧ͷ͵ؿִ߾ͷ蹣ȻŮӵգһͱɣ
⼸ִߣȴû־ͷΪ˲䱻Ůûһһɱ
ŮӾ漸˷
ϿС桯ķͷϢ
ŮӾҲͼ
룬˫ܽԷÿɫ񡢶һ
治ɾѵСйأ
δ뵽ģŮϷһӦҼӵĶǽȡصģҲҪӡ㣬ڶǼʥ
ӣ˵С漱æ˷
Ůٶ̫ˣƼϢ֮󣬾׷棬ֻӦСֻһνƺˣ֮Ҵλ紩ΪľǴ϶ʥӡ
Сţ
ϴڣͨΪλ䣿λ֮ˣȻ޼ʶҼִڣ˵λ磬λ磬ҲΪǿĴڡ
š
˼ִż־ϲʵͲţС䡣
䣡
һһڵӰնԺŮɱһֲ
蹣
ǱŮɵ蹣Ѫ͵ϮŮӡ
֣һ֮
ӱҪԸ棬ˣƾһ֮ԸŮӣżִ߸Ͻȥ֧Ԯ
ʣʮִ߼׷ɱ档
ϣҲֹҵĲŮһʱ䣬ִ߰Χ
ߣȻ棬û뵽ŮͻȻɱͷעȥ
ʣʮִߣȻκβǡ
䡭
ͬʱ
ΪǺŮͷ֣γɿֲ𵴡
оһĻӳ֡
һƬѹѹħħ嫶ΪһƬѪâ
ħǿɱ
ִ߼֮𵴡
ˡ
ʮִ׷ɱ棬ͻȻйѪͻȻħʼա
澪㵵ؿ߿գѪâ𿪶ִߣǿȻһ˲䣬Ѫâ֮зɳʮħǿߡ
ѵǡƬѪâҲʼû
ܿ죬澪Լִ߿־£ǵѪâΪһӡ
оǳѣһ̴ħӣħۡ
ħ½ǿߣշħħȵȾͷִ߷
û뵽ǵħ֮еľͷ
氵꣺ħۣȻǰᣬѪϢɲ⣬ʵж಻
ȻܷħĿ⣬ܱ˷֡
ԽǶ㣬ԷȻ͸Сӣ㣿ձ۾㣬˵㲻Ҫʯף㶯ˣλԽߣѾˣǺŮӣ
Էȷͨͷ
ԴչԪħۣ⻰ʲô˼ʲô
ħЦǺŮ㻹֪
ֻ֪λԽߣλ磡
ֽϡŮ£Ů֮һۣӱǿʯףֽ걻۴ֽűֻڵħǱѹš
Ů
Ů㲻֪˵㲻֪ǰǸΪСŮӣ
ܣСʲôֽŮ
Сλʿ֪λ£СŮСֻʯףҲûۣƷɱϧŮ̫ΪǣֻǴλ͸һˣ
棿


1371 
ʱ򣬱ۻƭ㣿֪½ֵ۹ɣʵŮڵֽ磬ǿֵ۹ǿߣͻӾֽǿߣִۡĶӣŮỤ̊½ֻĿģɱ㣬Լɱۣ
ִۣ
ֵ۹
ֽ磡
Ů
ħԪ˵꣬ʱ˿̣һδλľѣûһ˿о
ħֵӱ۶ʯףֽŮϼ֮걾ֽΧɱ䣬ʱգֵ۹ˣСӣ㲻Ƕ֣뱾ۺɣҺһͬԸֵ۹
ԣӳ˵û뵽Է뷨ҪԼ
ȻǺ£
Ҳÿ˭
ħۣŶʮħ֣âȥħĿҲɱƬ
ִ߷޲ӣ׷ɱȥ
ħ֮
ڣִⷽͷʼӦ
֣ͷŷӡһδӡɱƬȴ޷ѹâ
ͻȻĿ꿪ʼתƣɱķħϡ
ħ۸Ʒǿ֮һһ򶣬˼˰ɣ
һˣڿգΪסǧףħڱɽħۣŲƷϢħͷҲλߣһֿħ
ССһִˣССһ˰ˣһλԼⷽĻʵۣǺǣЦЦ֮Ⱑ
Ʒ꣬δӹ˵λߣλƷ磬Ҳſţ
Ƭҷħ۵ģ²ҵģҲִ˵ģ
ʲô˼
׷ħⷬ
ССϾ֪ˣħص΢Цţʱһħǿߡ
һӡ
ٸװǻƣ
мһˣִ׼ɱħǿߡ
ȻħۣݺƷ꣬ٸ£δй֣ϣλħǿߣܸ£

ħЦ
䣡
ŷħ۴Цصħ֮£ͻȻ䣬ӣһһɶִһЩӡ顣
ˣ
˿ȥһȺīʿ
ʥ̣ʥɱˣ
ִִ߾
˿ȥһīʿԼˣڼŮӴ£֮С
ЩŮ룬Ȼһ桢桢ţΪϤٻӰ
Ϲݣ
Ȼʥ̣·䣬ղһ˼
ħ̧ͷԽʥǿߣˣȻˣһ죬Ķ
ʥһģһΪ
ôĽ糶Ϲϵ
Ľ磿λ𣿡
ֻСС򶣬Ľ硢ֽ綼֪ããλǺӣλ磬дλ磬λλ̺࣬ʥ̱ǿ߾Ľ磬ֽ硣
Ľ硢ֽ硭浱Ʒ磬һ⣬׸𣿡
λǿ߶ԣԹҵУλ籾Ƿ⣬һӶᣬӶԴǴ½ԴıԴԼλκץϽԳūĶ󣡡
ߡ
ãǱס
û뵽ʥЩǿ֮УϹԱ߷ɳһλŮӣӰȻХֽǿߣͿ˭ֶθȡɱռƷƬ򱦵أ
Ůӡǵһδʥ̽ԭʲôֻϹһ֣

ʮ֮У濴߿ճֵʥ̣һʼ͸ӦϹϢʱ˿̣ʥ̾Ϲһƿء
䣡
û뵽
ʥɱһ˶ִߣ
һը죬಻ϣǺڱըһ㣬κʿͷĿѣ
ǿˣëһҲǲ
Ȼ
ӷӡͳͳ飬һƬ⽵ֻʿסб
Χվʿ֮ϣһꡣ
ʵۣͷϻ֮
֮ЩūöִŭɶΪЩūǾŴµǿߡ
һūŻƽ𽽹ɵıΧһߣӵŽӡͻӡӳ١
ȻЩūһߣûһӵƷ羫ǴԽ𣿡
ִΪ֮¶־ɫ
˿ֵ۹ǿɱΨзħɱƬâмЦܻģ
ڱɽͻӣƺעҲڷħϣĿǧƣǷħۣ
𵴶ԷħۿХڱǰʥʣҲοֵ۹ӣ
ħʮǰȻƵǰǰҪУ


1372 
𣿿ʥʣ˸۵Ķӣ

ͻĿӷħŲӽ־ƷȡԴڿʼƷֵ۹ƲִˡŴʿҵ۹ʿתƷʿвߣѹΪūߣֽ̤磡
ââٴͷţƨֵ۹ƷΪһӇNɪִɱλߣ

ǧִߺȻ߶ơ
˼ʣһͻȻһ
֧Ԯˣִ߼󣬴ܹ衣
ԭǴӴ½ͨͨʱ˲䣬ȳִߣƺƵɱ
ٽˣ
ಣ
Ůӡۡٴӡ蹣ȥԸ棬ǷƬâ
ɲǼ䣬ͻҲŽʿɱȥ

âһˣǷħۣ
˲䣬ץһħӡԽץâ
һը죬֮󺧣ִЦݡ
ԭħ͵ϮâѹɱƬħӡץââ顣
ץعɫ𣺡˱ߵǣ

һһӰŷħۡע⣬һâ
ԭ֮ˣʥ֮Ϲݣ
ϧҲһɱͬâ飬ըռսȴ޷ѹâ
âһλߣȻδâѹƣ
ʮգ
һ桢桢ţʮִ׷ɱ
ҲһǿߣɱϹٸղһħ۹â𵴲࣬Ȼʵħ󡭡
ͻӸ߰ӿڣɱֵ۹ĽʿȾָ
ԭͻŮۻϣɱΧִߣԽߴʱâһ
ħۣ
Ϲݣ

ʱټͻӡۣһ֣ڽâΧ
⣬˽λ磡
ҲǴԽߣ
Զ߿գ
ʮִ׷ɱˣħ׷ɱϿִ
ΧһһˣǶԸʮִ߲⣬ӡɱ
ִ̫࣬ɱâͷţԿڹȥҲ޷ɱƬȥʥȥ˵ɱﻹһɿ飬ҪôħȥǺεǣ
ȻʥҲŻɱӡͷ˽̶ܲͬƣҪǿָʵǿ״̬ܴЩǿУȡɱƬ
ҲȻõɱƬ
ʱݲ룬õɱƬȥʥִ֮أҲܵõɱ
֮ӡ蹣ԼϷִ׷ɱҷӶԸǣ֣Ƶ
ܿʥԽҲúʮգ˲ǹâ໥ɱС
ձִΧʥֵ̡۹ħѳǿɱ
ʮϢ֮
ԽʥΧʮǰʥһɷӹ
㾪̾û뵽ʥϢ˸ӣɱϢҲħϢ
Ҳڴʱ˷֣Ǿʬǡ̺ɱϢ
˿·棬ʱʥϢ˺֮Ϣڣѹơ
·棬һ߰׹ǣҲͷħϢ
ſѪ棡
Ӧһ˹Ǻ
Ժɪɪ̾Ϣ磬ҲʬǱʬһģһˣʬǣ
ָ侲ʬΣżʯںϣ֮аմȾһ㣬һҲҪɣ
籾ԴƿأӦʬʯںϣʬʯ⴦żԶںһ
ͻȻһָˣ㡢쿴ħȻ໥ںϣ
˿ʥһаպڴ˿緢
緢汬ɢÿǷ֮УһħһаѪ֮С
Ρε飡ŵð亹
ӡһ̡Ҽ磬󱳼ΪհѪ״̬ƤΪѪֻ֮ʣѪ⡣
ӡԴδй
沱ӡҼܼһƬƬѪ棬Ƥ·ѱѪɣѪѪҲܿһ
䵱ʥںϿħӡѪոΪˡ
ֵģˣѹӡ½ܸܵ־Ҫû㣬вأ˭Ҳ޷뿪򣡡
Ѫģӡ蹵׷ɱãǾ⸴żռ䣬ǶȦӣҿʼƣʵﵽ۷壬ɱһǹ
ã
˽ĥ


1373 ͷ
żԵȥܼ棬û˿ż廯Ϊһֺɫʯ
ټżһɫʯ֪ΪΣżɫʯʣӦһ΢΢Ϥ
Ӧ͸ʴˣϰѪ֮д
æԺˣӡһѪɫ棬ڷգɡɢѪʼȫ汬Ҫ
Ȼ
ҲӲӵҼ磬ϰٵطһƬƬаѪڷա
ʴӲöãҪΪЩʿ
Ѫǰգ
ٲʩչѹӡӡʴ£ҲҪɡ
ҲΪ
ɲǣԵزѪΪģѪɱɵÿһʼա
ҲѪΪһͻӵزӿϰ
ʱ˿̣֮УƺƵɱϰǴӿӡ
ͷŴѪӡˣѪʵֵۡѪУҲﲻѪ̶ȣ
ǰӡΧѳΪһƬѪаɵشʶУҲɳࡣ
꣡꣡
Ϊ𺳵ǣһѪնͻ˽ӡѪռ䡣
ѪʱѪռ䣬˺һƬһƬǱҧһ顣

ЩѪƬһЩ׻飬һ֣ӡ£໥ںϡ
һѪѪѪƸ࣬ѪϢڣһȻѪֳ
мںΣ󲿷ֽԱɣˣֻҪȴȥѪ֣ѪѪΪֲˣ·ѪѪѪûѪѪƺǱѪ
ԦѪȷȼԦѪ̫࣬ҵѪҲǴӻοʼѪҲԣҵѪѪɫ֮Уһ˿⡣
ΪͶо˽⡣
ʱ磬ڱ׷ɱ̫ʥٶԽ
ţͻȻ棺ϴ󣬿Զִ߶˰ɣħȦɱںϣ޷ɱԴ߷ͷŹƣʺεʣֵܵɱһ
һŰ칦ͽħȦںˣ
ţⰺףٺ٣֪զ£ѪںħȦͽˣֻǰ޷ħȦЩơӡҲףֻܴ߷ɱ𣡡
ܴ߷ˣȻˡ
Ѫɡѹӡ
ҲʱԸִߣȻȡɱƬĻ֣ɱâָѰȡɱƬ¡

ӡ蹴ʮǿ׷ᣬ󷽻дִߣˡ
漸ܵʥżӿռϢִͬҲ޷ͷٶȡ
ɱ
ٶ΢ӡ׷ǣΧǸϢżա
ХţͻȻһ硣
忪ʼû
蹻ӽһնռɱһ棬ʮڵɱ޿ӣʥ˵̣
ģ
ҲҪ֮ʣȴһȦۣһĨħȻǰɱ
ħȦ
ͷ໥һŵüæܣ
ʮڵʮִ߻ƴɱ
ħȦһɲǼ䣬ӭʮڵ

һڿڵַħȦ˫ͷŴۻǡ
䣡
գۼ䣬һڿڵħȦ𿪣顢ըѡ
ǿɶǸ߼ӰƷƷƷ
ȴһغϣħȦ֣
ۣ
ʮִߣ蹣׷ܵѪ
󷽣СӻQʣɱţħȦɽ࣡
ҲǵһΣ˴߶ħȦɱɱɱ˲
ֻ΢΢ȣɱɽһδ̹ȽںϣǼ޲֮ƷʡҲﵽ޵и߶ȣ棬ﻹڵȥһڣ
ڸɱȥˣţ߶ħȦȥնɱ׷ɱǿߣʮִߣȥԸȥɱ蹡ӣǵܻ׽ͱɱˣɱˣʬһҪռҪǿִһ֮
ϣ
룡
˲ֿжţһԾٻħȦû뵽ħȦ£ɱִߡ
ӡ蹣
䣬飬һʱԵҲζԸ档
ⲻ֪ƻָ棬ǰ


1374 ͷ
蹿ѪǿڵɼͷСӣεºܣɻˣʮ궼޷ѾħȦҲţںϣ
ЦҾ棬ӦöҺ˽⣬ͷһ·׷ҲţʵҲСֶҲУҸһλᣬ³ȻͷҿҪժˣ
֮ԱǣֶЦǽִߣ߲㣬һܳΪ߲㣬ӵпƷ۷ѵǻɱ㣿
Ϊһ·׷ɱֶζȻˣҲǿͷУӶ쾳䣬һ·ͻƾ䣬Ȼ̤޼쾳ңѿ־ͷ֣̤޼֮ҲκηʵɱǶˣŲţ
ţ
ǵȻţ棬ȷƷ磬δй֮ӣţΪɫϾǿʿ½òҲ֣
Ǻǣ
ͻȻһָһС
񷽣򣡡
ͷҲ˲䶯ɱУͬӡԼͬĳһơ
ݣ
û뵽һ̡
˷ǽû
Ϊߣͨںϣɱ˹ƣʵһ㣬ͷʮĲ࣬ϱ
СͻȻǰ޴󻯣
ŻΪɸߣѺ۶һߣɱơ
žž
СƾĵͷɱĽ׷顣
Χռ飬ռֶٽơ
ӡ蹸ղһУΧռ䶼ƿأСųԽΣˣ
컯
ۿżСκƣԲ֮ʡ
ͷϾղѪɲǼ䣬ͬһ㣬ɫ԰ס
žž
С˿̾޴ʮɣɱƾΧལĵķѡ
Ҳ˲ܶٽ𵴣һЩĴѹȡ
ϾͷʵﵽŵĵɾҲƷΪ
ǰо񱣻ȻĻһξǽ飬Ҳܽˡ

ͻȻ䣡
ӰЩ齣֮Уץָƾ֮һɾ롣
ˣɲǼѡ
Ӧ֮󣬾Ȼӡ蹡
ǲǰΪͻȻسں󷽣
Īͷۣ
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󺧣֪ˣǳ컯Զʤǿ֮ͨһҲ廯ԪΪͨʩչڶ۷ǳˣ
ҶΪ˼УһΪӽ쿪ʼǶ˵ٱǧ꣬˴ۣΪɱ㣬Ҳֵõģµɣ
ͷָץһǰ
ǡɡ
ͻȻ·ܣһζ
ӡ蹼գϾӣͷΪϧǧУʩչ컯аսɱ
ʱ˿̣ͻȻðѪ

Ѫȫŷ
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ɣ
סƷһţδƷľͷǶУ
ӡ蹸ܵԼǿƣȫȫɱͷ֪ǰɾΪѻɱһ쾳ʿ
ƷһΣ
ͷЦ˲䣬Ŀ⣬ʱǰֻһֻˣ
ֻȻһ
ʱʼѪΪѪƺͿʼѪһ㡣
ˣ
ͷѪΪѪ֪ͷƣǿɡ

̼䣬ȫΪѪ
ӡ蹼գΪм
ȻͷѪ桯ڣѰҳɱ֮ʣͻȻѪըһ㣬ħ콫û
ܡ
ͷգۼ䣬ͱѪû
ΧȻһƬѪʱ䣬綾Ѿͷͷʴǵ۽ڻ
ˣ
ͷδӦѪѪ֣ѪϢ
ѪΪʮɾ޴ͻһͷͷɱ
⡢⡢Ǻεȿռ䣿ͨӽͰͣһϹŶһ̣ȫ֪εȿռ䡣
蹼æʩչƣѪѪϢѪռ䣬ѵһ쾳˿ֲز
¡¡
Ѫһʱ佫Χ
ѪҲڲ
ѪѪһ編̬ͨҲʩչΪֻ
ΪѪ˶
Χ֮еͷ뷢
ȻһԵƣһ飬Ѫϵˡ
ȿȡ
ϷѪΪӣŲ԰סѡ


1375 ɱӡ
һǰϴ󣬸ҳѹͷǸ
ղŶл㣬͵Ϯңͷ㼰ʱֵ󲿷ֹƣû㼰ʱ󲿷Ҫˡ
Ϊ˲Ŵڵģѣ飬ҲҪˣ
ಣ
Ͽա
ͻȻ䱬Ԫˣ֮УԨؽˮһһ˽һ֮С
Ѫҵĵ˱Ҫӱ濴Ʋᡣ
䣡
ըѣѪը顣
ӡǱ綾ɱҲǹµģ
κѪ̫̫࣬ɱƣΧֿʼγɣѪҲ
蹼Ϊˣѹ˲Ͼ綾ͷ𿪶ɱѪ˸߲㣬첻ڴˣ
ӣ¸ǰǲлᣬҪɱǣֻʱѣǴʱ۷ʵҲκβң˰ˡ
ʩչ컯ȻҲɱ㣡ʹ飬ǿǶǧС
ǸղſֲһҲûᣬʩչҵɲѪںȵͨγɵж಻
ɲ
СС䣬޵
ģѵ˽Ƿֳʶ֮Īǲ֪𣿡
ǲ
ͷѵ⡢Ļӡ
ɱɱǱǿѹ޷ɱһ
ѪѪһδιƣͷδʩչ컯֮ǰһ
ʩչ컯֮ãʵǲ۷֮һҲ͵ɾһ߶ȡ
ܻɱ棿
ܺɲ
ҲǹҼˣȥɣɽΰѪ磬浭һߡ
ݣ
һ⽣ͷǰɱ
ڡͷһ⽣ƽһδλе
ֻץһڿڵںϵķֻԷ赲ɽǿơ
ұʩչɽ͵Ϯǣ˲ɱǣ
ûΪǵͷִ˸߲㣡
ɱǣǶǵ裬ҪǸܵҵǿźȥһ˿ϣ
Ȼһ塣
ΧѪռ䣬ȴܶ˫֡
䣡
ɽͷʮڵɵķϡ
¡һɽǿƴһڿڵѡ
ۣ
Ѹײڶ֮ƣһĨ⽣Ӱʮڵ֮ʣͷŵľܣȴһ͸ǵš
ѪĽɽ˺󷽷ɳ
ӡʧֹڰգ໥ű˴ˣϼڲѪ
ǺüţҲֱǰһ̣ҲţΪݣ䡣
һ쾳ʿС
ҪɱǣֹһֶΣҼǻҿɱ˲ͻᱻɱǣѡַʽװף
һ棬˿ͷ˿̻ˣֶΡ
ɽһȫ
Уοʩչͨ
ѪѪߣЦ˽ʽһҲûһͨʿʱй
ѣһ棡һͷӣҲʵزţʶ

һɱǣǻһ׳־˻࣬棬УУӶ̤޼
ҳɾ޼һ죬ͿԲ̷ЦƷ磬ԺҲ񷡣
ǡΪ˹ȥ
˵꣬ͷ׾ˣ
Ҳ֮ǰϻֽ֣˵泼
ϧԶûкǸѡ
žž
һ÷ǳˡ
һ̣ѳΪˣʶĨɱ
ãϲ˻ɱͷڴﵽƷ۷壬ʵһأ
ɲɱͷ뿴ܴﵽεȸ߶ȣ
۷еģһ̻ɱӡ֮ע̤޼
ѹͷʬ壬һ׵׵ʤ
֪һ񻰡

һѪ
ѪʧѪѪҲʧ
׿ֲޣżգһת۾ͲˣֻƯڰգƺһжδ
ӡ蹵ʧ
Ȼ
ǰǸ߿գħȦɱöٵ飬ִ߱ʵﵽɾţ֣Ϊţ֣նɱ
Щִ߸ţֶ֣ʱħȦǿʩչɱһУҲɱöִˣǱ


1376 Ƭô
һ
桢Ըʮʵﵽ޼۷ִߡ
ЩִܵˣҲ飬ʵȻֲʩչۣͨҲǴɱ˷
ʵҲеɾֲ̺
ΪͻƵɾɱʵҲﵽɾ䣡
һһֻɱִߣִ߾Ȼûг룬ڷ͹
ԼУָƣ쾳۷塭
ûиȥ
ղͷʩչ컯ɱˣʱץסһʱָ
ͷУ˵һͬɣһˣһָܻƣΪ쾳۷塣
̣
˲Ѫɫࡣ
ռڣʬ屻ӡʬڱѪɫ࣬ͬѪ⣬رѪɫɡ
ɶͨ˲ȫںϣѪԷ֨֨ơ
˲䣬оඥ
ͷʹ಻Զκν䣬پѱϣ̣һҲѲ١
ˣ˱ǣΪ㻤Ժͷ
ƷԪ񷨱κηɱȻԪ񷨱
ϴ󣬺ٺ٣ʮʬţ֪ˣţ֮ͻȻһץ
ʮִʬ壬ҶħɷԶ
ĺã
Ϣ֮󣬽һʬڣʬӡʬ̫Ӵų޼ʺϡ
Ѫɫ࿪ʼʮִ䵽޼Ϊִһܸ
οʮ
ɱ
ΧɱţֲִߣһˣţղŽʬץ˲䷢Ƭգ˷ɱ
浭һƳ´ʱָһЩʵҲҪһʱ䣬ﵽһ״̬
Щִ׷ɱյȥ
ִԼһѲ˸գһͬӡִߺϻ֮ӡһƳ
СЩˣ
ӡ·Ӳͣ߶֮ʱӡɱ
䱻ʱ㿪ӡϻ֮ͷ֮ǰƣΪҡ
ֲţֿħȦִܱ߲ס˶ִߣЩִһϻ֮
䣡
ӡɱ𵴳˲佫֮顣
Ҳα𿪣һ⣬Ŵ΢΢֮ɫסӣ죬ɱҪҽЩආһʰˣ
߶С䷢֣Щִٴٶһָ֮ǰһ١
ſΧԭ˺ϻ֮ƬżϿգϢʮֲֿԼҲϢơ
ֲЩִߣͻȻܶٶȳʧȥƣԭ֮ż
澹һϢƿʼ飺ЩϢͬɱָ߼ϢħϢϢϢںһ壬ոպһ˿˿Ϣڱû𵴣ɸ߼Ϣѹƣ
ˣһЩִɱˣ
ԭжʮִߣǰٶԽԽһЦͺˣǽΧӻɱִߡ
ɱȥû뵽ٶƽʱûзֱ
ž֮ɫղһ˿Ϣ𵴣֮󣬺ĳЩϢںϣ䲻֪ΪΣ·ҲƬżռ
ʥż֮ա
ָо÷ǳϤ뵽Ǳ½ôȥ֮жȡֻȥǴ½Դռ䡣
׽Ƭִ̣ѱƽֽע˲
ĳط͸һܵõʥżոϢϿɵ
ĿѪɫ࣬ǿմ֮£Ԩؽˮõʯ档
־ʯ͸һʥżϢϿɵˣż֮пա
ԺƴƬƺӵⷽżϢˣʱǽ½ԴԼ֮£õǿӴһɣƬĪǱʥż
Ƭ̼䣬ͻȻƬѪɫץ
Ƭ󲿷ΪɫһЩӨΡ
˭֪߶Ƭ΢΢ΧѹȶĸϢ˲ʵ
ƬǸϢףϢ
ˣΧϢɿռ䣬ʧȥƶܵż
ϲ˵ˣƬӦþǳżȻżϢ
Цеһ˾ܴ߶ƬƬżȥ磬ܻɱЩɱִߣ


1377 ʬ
նɱִС£֮ǰǿżһЩɱϢϧʿ޷룬Ƭÿɽȥȡɱִ˷ӡ⴦ż꣬ϴõõɱָ߼УӢţοҪһαˣ
ЩִɱŲм֮ɫ߶ƬԶ쾳ٶȣȥ
Ϣ֮ʧЩִ֮ڣһִߴ۵СۣǻǲͷΧϢһ׷ɱǰС
Ȼ
̶ʱ䣬żԼĪһա
ƺʥżôһʿ
ǿɱˣΪżϢ̫ԵκҲԲ
棬ȻǷ棬ͬǣЩ֮²ٽۣԼצӡӡ
ƺһսżһɼ֮Ķǵ
Ȼʥɼƺǡ
Ÿսĺۼ˵ǣЩսۼûб֮ʴȻ͸ž
̣
ӡͻȻѪѪ׷ѹӡʵһЩ
ѰϢüڼħ໥һѪɫаϢ֮ںϡ
ܼ֮ǰЩɱʿǱ־ܵؽаϢ
ԪɪɪˣԶ룬ҸоѪɫаϢ̫ǿ󣬱ȸǿٱ
ĿⶸȻ㿴аѪɫϢ֮УǲƯһѪɫǹںħ
񡭡ǵġ
ش
ԭ濴ħаѪɫռ䣬룬һ߷ǳǺһ࣬ССǺȴܽκħɡ
ˣȥᱦ
Ӧ֮ǰǸаǾѪɫǺ
̫ˣ飬ûһա
ÿ˿ʥƿƬ
ǵһʥʿ
֮ǰʮɱƬںϣɱǵҲδӰż
ֶᱦɱֻ΢΢һЩ𵴣ڲϢһֺɳƯ״̬
ֻ£о˿Ϣ
ˡ

ʱ֮пɼٽԨһиɡ
ȻһϢ
ΪԺʱжԭ֮ǰڳ
δ߶״̬£ʼ΢΢
ĳϢԺ
ӡжĪĳطҲԺƵϢڣ
ãѭϢĿһ䣬ɪɪǰǷ֮УһӰģվ
ˣ
⴦ż˴ڣǴ˱Ȼǿߡ
ˣĪģǲǻˣûԪϢ֮ʣԺԪ
ʬ壿
ۺԼԼһųżռ䣬ôлˡ
һЩżʬ塣
ʬ徹ȻδȫΪ׹ǣһˡ
ֳָָֽ񷣬˾ηĤݵӴơ
ˣİʬãǿȻһһʲôƳǾ綾մȾϵĻɲǰǰ׻⣡
ǰ
ʥżռ䱾ǽأִҲκβãմȾʬЩҪžˡ
Ǻ濿ʬ塯ˡ
û뵽ʬǰ֮Ум߹Ǻ˲ͬǣЩǺѾãֻ΢΢һЩǡ
Ϣʱѹ÷ǳһ档
ȻˣòһλˣԼʮͷף׳һɿϢ
ֳͷǿϢ޷뵽һʿ
»Ʋ٣ǳҲնϴ󲿷֣ӡֱԿ˺ۡ
滹Ϊʬ£ˡ
ϣӦ󹦷һģһϢû˿ͬΪ棬ˡ
ſϹƤѾʯΧЩǺһѾںΪһ顣
һ
ͻȻզԺϢɱһ߼Īǡ
ȷһˣҵʹһʬ࣬ǾֻǹǺһʬ壬û뵽ʯ֮ǰûж𣡡
ʬ壬û뵽һ죬ܼ֮Уʿ֮Ͷˣ
һʬ壡
ǰˣһˣϽ硣
ʥȻһɼ
͸űΪϢ󹦷һں
ʬʯҲϣõĳֶ
ﴫˣҸоϣϢɱƬϢΪƣ
𣿡
ǷܶԷвͬӦ


1378 
ɱƬ
֮ǰԺɱƬƣɱƬʬƣôпܣ˾ɱƬˣԺǶʤݵһ廯ԪҲǳϡ
˲²⼫пܣʥ䣬ںϷ飬ΪɱƬƬɢƷ磬廯ԪҲпִܱˣʥż֮з֣廯Ԫųڶʤݣ
Ҳ˵ʤһɱʥ֮У
ǰˣ̫пܾʤݣΪƷʥصĸԭ
ʥ֮УķŻɢʥ˶Ʒʿƽ⣬Ӷ
ʤݣƷ
һˣ
һִУ
һ棡
һ̣֮ɫ棬Ʒȥľͷ¶ԻżƷ磬ӶƷ羭ഫ
֮ʣѣˣһƣлһڱҲʹã
ƣ

Ȼ䣬һƣָֻ챦ѾоκηȻѾʯ
ϵơ
š
ĸģƽ⡣
ţ
Ȼһ
廯ԪţˣԺԼʤݵһ廯Ԫǳˣˣϲ
Ȼƣˣı
ܰ˽һЩɽܡ
̺ץסƣȴû뵽ƼʯԭϵʬʯϵֻпӴ֣Ҳ޷ȡ
ụ̈û뵽ʯ˰Ե޷ֺ
Ƭֶץɽɲ͵һϵ
û뵽ֻһ죬˸һĨǣƾϵֿ֮ǰץС
ɲǼ䣬ƴԺһģһг
ɱ
Ҳһɱ
ϲˣƱȻŹھɽأһںϣ˽Ͼ֮գ滹ҪЩ
Ϣ䣬Ȼںϣֻδǿ󣬲ںϡ˼ƣָٴΣŽ˲ؿռ䡣
ͶƤ«֮У
Ƥ«ոںϣǰԴ߶ǿţִ߶ħȦҲ޷߶Ƥ«һ
ִʬ壬Ȼһ֣ͷʬǺöʯûʯ
ˣ˼ȻһͬʯǾעĹޣҲˣ
ǰԶḯãõĹޣ
˵滹ɱ
ٺ٣ҲãһӴʥ򣬿϶һЩܣ
ҲõɱȻкüɱ˶Ӷࡣ
ƳһˣɡƽǿģⱲעӡ֮С
һμˣ
⣬üһ߹Ǻ
ǺһʯӹǺϢоһ顢ħɷĿϢ
ֻһ˿˿Ҳĵ
ÿµаϢôãһͬʯôһ˿˿
Ǻǰô
ֵˣղŵˣǺȻϢǺϢħ⴦żӦϽĳһսƷ磬а˫սż
ˣʥ򣬴ΧʼܼսżȻһս
ˣʥʱҾ;ʥϢִаںϣγ˸żռ䣬Χã߼Ϣִ˷ӡöΧУڲǽƣһ˸޷
ţʯҲʯ˵żһϽ磬żһ֣żӦҲ˵ƬɽĳһʯҲܽͣΪ½Դɣ
Ƭ
Ƭ޷żҵִ̡
ϧһʯ޷ƵĴڡ
ͣ
֮ʱͻ沱ӴȻֳһЩѪ档
Ѫ·ڷͷаϢ⸽ĳٻӡӶɡᡣ
ѪٴϮ涯֮ѹѪӡѪ£ѹӡ
ˣû°ɣͷ󺹣ϢҲƽɵʵ
ָһЩѪӡɣؼѪҽа
Ϣ֮ҡҡͷ⣬û֮ǰһα
塢ҵ塭
û뵽
ոɿ֮ǰħںһżһϤ˻ƺ
ǵ
濴ԴǷżȻܸӦӡ֮лҪǿ
ᱦǵһҲҪ֪⴦żܣ


1379 
ԼϢԺͷսˣʮɱȸ黹ǿаħɷϢӸղԴ
ʲô

һۣδӦʮǿħɷϢȷһаϢ΢΢ѹȶ
æѣٶȷǳˣ뿪żû˿ٶƣ
ಣ
߲ƣ߲
޷õɱ߶ʯƬתΧȥ
ˣѻɱִߣʮˣӦں¶ǸϢҲ໥顢ԪӦǽ
һޱȳ죺żӳܻɱִߣ֣ǲɱǣ˦Щˣ
֪
ɱƬΣ
˲õģɱƬһ飬ں֮ͷâǳˣͻӡħۡ־ͷ޷ѹâˣвʿɱ忪ǸӣɱȻΪᱦʥֵ̡۹ħǿߣҲɱ֧Ԯ
𣿻ʿɱִ˵̣Ҳִߣ
һӦ¹Ϣˣǰʶ񼲣ħǸţҲħǿɱԭǷħ۵ӣʵȻҲֱ̬߶ȡ
𣿡
뵽꣬ڻʼ½񼲵ĳ
Ȼֻһ棬񼲸ӡ󻹲ħţΪ䡣
а¹Ҳˣ
¹֮ǰڶʤݳǳڣ
벻ǣӹ¹ҲˣǾֵ۹Щǿһͬ򡣡
ӹֵ۹ߵһĪ½ֵ۹ռɽׯȻֵ۹£ӹӲЩԽ߶֣ճ
˲䣬Žżһʱ
û뵽֮⣬ôʡ
Ϊΰ¹Ҫӹӡ¹ŻӪ¹
ӹڶʤݣƾΪֵ۹Ǳ붫ʤݣӦֵ۹
λǿ߲ǿҲֶΡıԡɲǼ䣬λԽ߹Ŀ࿴
ֲǿڶ̶̰꣬ѹƷһ½
أ
Ȼ
󷽴һӤĿֲ
ʮħɷ־׷ɱ
Ԫ񷨱ԸӦʮħɷԪϢˣʱٶȣÿ뿪żʱٶȻָƣͲǣ
Ҳ֪а⴦սżʲôϵв·һڿڼʸ
ʯƬ󲻷ʯ޷ʬҲ֪ʤݱ̵
ˣǰţִӸռߺ
뿪ż

ɳգһƳȥִߣһţ֡档
ϡʮ⣬ǵâͷţâһը죬Ǵɱᱦ
ˣȶЩִߣ
ͷԪ
ţͻȻûΣץסħȦҲִ߽֡
棡
û뵽ִ֮УһֳХ
ͷǳϤȥû뵽֧Ԯִ֮Уһ˾ȻǷ
ͿӦһ䣺ԭ磡
ȻǸӢȻڲžӢ֮УռͷλСֵܣҹĿ࿴ҷҲٸҵôʤݾŴִˣѹĪĺ
ִˣҲͬӪִˣֻ֮ежԣҶִ˺޺øУ񲻵ţҲŴ󲿷ûе벻ϧִˣ
˵ˣҲͬӪעֻǵˣ
ڶķ֮ͫҲһΡ
֣˿˵ˣҲǾŴˣ߲ɱûоԺŽԾڷ񸽽ݽХ
˷񡢽ԾҲգƷ֮ӣ
ߣ
Ʊȶ
һЦһȥ
ٶȺֳܿЩŵĲ
Ϣ֮ѽִ˦һξ롣
棬ƺʵ紫֮ǰ
ҿδأԱ߿ϹŶ޵߲㣬޿֣
Ҳ治ϴ֮꣬ʵﵽ˺ŵزӵмԦſŴΪУһδνҴ
Ҳпʵǿ֪ҮʴͰɣҮ޵۹ӣΪܱܵǰãҮʴ벻ǿȥ׷ɱ棬Үʴ;Ȼȥ׷ɱ棬žʵ˵
Űˣǿ˭ܻɱ棡
һ²ţӢԵռ䣬һϷ
ֻǶ̶̲ʮϢĻܼӰӣ
ã
âȻкԶ룬ʥżΧһ档


1380 Ͼܾ
ӳ㿪ʼ͵Ϣ
쳣ϴռʮִʬ壬Ƿˣ
ΡȻϢʬҿâϢԽԽǻҪѰһᣬЩǿǰɱƬ
ڽ廯Ԫңֿ
ͷһ
廯Ԫ㣬ֻķķҲǲ
ںϷķӿԺ廯Ԫ˵ܾ쿪ƣҲӿܵõɱƬ
͡
û뵽ǣ
ԼĪһʱ廯ԪڻΪɣʼС׽֮ʣԺһ˺Ѿʹ
Ƴ棡
һֱԺʮǰǿƣ
ƴʱж֮±ǡ
ѩˣ
²⣬˴𰸡
Ժ̾꣬һֱĨɱҲǳƻƽʱ͵ѡ֮ʣų
Ȼ״̬зӦֻһԭ򣬷ѩˣҲЩʿһΪɱƬ
ںϸӦȴܾҲûַѩټ
ֻһܣѩϴˣƺˣʵҲϢء
ϧԺҲƣһͬģиӦôѩԺƣҲж
ͣ
Ҫ廯ԪҪԸƣѩ͵Ϯ
û뵽ǣӡʱͷŴѪ档
ˣߣʮħɷ׷ˣԺż
ʲô
뿪ʥЩħɷ黹׷ɱ
桢ţҲӦаϢһͬתѰ鲻ͬʮʿͷħʿħɷԼеϢγɿֲ״̬ʮʿͷ˸Ϣٵɱ
ֻɨһۣǶϢƺӦӣЩħɷҲ׷
ǣ
ţ֣
ţͷ֮ʣʮҲ׷ǧա
ѰЩ飬нȻ֮ͬ
ͷħɷϢϲӵе

ħȦţɱƣ֣ɱȥ
û뵽ǣħȦɱɱʮͷħɷ龹Ȼ֪ܣħȦ˸ա
֮ЩħɷɱٶȡϢԳԽ󲿷ֹħ飬Ҳиǰǿ
ίʵ
Ȼ˶˼ά̫ˣѲѰ֪飡ţħȦɱЩ㿪ˣ
ڴںϵʶԦģôħںϣմȾֹħɷʿ
뵽ֻʱѡӱܣ뼸ٴ뿪Ƭ档
Χнʮǿߣִˡħֵ۹ʥ̡ᱦʿ
ɱƬƬգͷһɹɲƷ磬ս
ԶԶħ۱ִΧɱͻӡ˫ˣһδγֶԸֵͻӡ
ƷǿѻΪʩչعͻǿס
ϹҲִ߰ΧһʱԶɱִߣԱЩǿնɱ
ѩ
ڣ
âһһЩᱦʿҲִɱ
оʱ˿̣Ϣ׽ǳķѩʵȷͻͽȻҲпȵɾһʵ
̶֪ʱ䣬νʵ
ˡ
ʮħɷ׷ɱ汾Χ׷ɱŻᱦ֪һںϣ΢𵴣â֮ɱƬ
ʱ󾪣¶ϲ֮ɫû뵽ںϲƬɱƬȻںϢ
ҲԺΪˣˣãɱƬӦϢٻ㣬ͷ޷ɱâڲ㲻һҲƾ֮ǰǿɱƬںϣâõƬ
һԾ֪ˣ
ţ֡˲˲
һ˽ħɷ˦ٶȱƽɱƬ
棬㣿Ҳõɱ֪Խʮ쿿Ƭâѩʹ
氵صûãʵҲ٣ܿȵɾһҽ֣һֶΣ
ǵڣɱʲô˾ɱƷ𶯣˭ܵõɱδؿɳΪƷһˣ治룿
ѩͻǰˣ˲㣬ֱòԻ󣬻˻Уѵˣ
ֻһͬõɱˣ
ָҺǰǰ󼸴ҺǴӱ¶֣˰ɣ㷽ѩ棬ܺģһлᣬ治ٸᡣ

ѩĻóȥˮ˭š
Ůƻķǳһֳ֣֮ķǳƯһԵֵ˻Դ
ѩûп


1381 ¹
ӹӡ¹һͶֵ۹ЩԽĽʿɱâ
ԽϽâֿһЩϤס
½ӹӣ˷½һţȷ
ϧ˳粻ǰǸĸš
棡
һŮԪӸ΢΢һ
ԪϤһ¹
ֻ¹ִ׷ɱҲһֵ۹ʿ֣ȻΪɱƬ¹
ʱİ¹Գʵ̫ţȻȵɾ߶ȡ
һʮţǧʵѿԽ޼ɾֲöʤκ˶ҪŮӡ
ҵһμ㣬޷͸㣬һȥ磬ֶᱦиҰȡɱҪҴֵ۹ǿУȳ֣
û뵽ǣôһƷŮҪںϡ
Ҷ˽⣬ĻҲǵڶѩһʱûлӦ
ԺˣҸо¹ɱϢãŮʵȷܲǿ˵õɱƬ
ɱϢ
Īǰ¹õԵߣҲӵɱ
˿ܣ½µ۹ǵһǽƾŰ¹һˣΪ½֪šǿߡ
ûֶΣһŮӣܱŴִ
֮ճΪʮţҲȻȪɽУõִ˵ʱڶʤݣ˵õĳɱ
õɱƬģҲҪɱΪԼԵΣѩִɱ
ûʲôԳԿġ
˼Ƭ̣ʹӦˡ
ִ
ž¹߰Զξ֮УŲǿߡ
滹Ȼȥʮħɷ黹ں׷ɱȻֻҪ򣬾ӲЩħɷ׷ɱ
棡
뼸
ͻȻִߣ棡
һƳʱʮִɱ߶֮ɿŲħǿߣִɱ񼲡
תۼ񼲼棬ڻʼ½
񼲣ʵҲﵽɾӵаѪħڴǳаħ
Ȼǵõħ̶̼࣬꣬ʵܴﵽ˵زǵϹŶҲȥ
桭
ҲɸӦ棬һ֮ˣû뵽ǰǸڻʼ½Щʡرʿµǿߣ
ҪΪҵˣӦ
ʦҲǷħۣ¹֣ܶİɣ˵ʵ񼲴δǵˣʦޱǿ޲ڣҾҲӦʦ𳼷ɣʦֽ磬ǿλ磬ʦֽ磬ҲľͷԿ
л⣡
Ϊ֮ʦɱ֮⣬ʱҪɱҲǿܵģ
û뵽񼲻Ȱһ䡣
֮һЩħǿߣμڱ档
ಣ
¹һư³ȹִ׷ɱ£ھâм档
¹ҶᱦԺһֵ۹Уȳ¹棬ҲֱӴλи߸ϵıɽŮ
ŮӲͬ¹һסϢ
ԭҲ֪ñֵ۹ƣһİ֮ɫ档
Ҳǰ¹һΣ档
ɱ
ͻȻըѣռ˺ѡ
ִ߱һɽȻͬĵâ𿪣
һֵ۹ʿһߣԴŰ¹Ůӣץȥλ磬ҲϵȻɫһüǮ
ԭץ¹ģ
Ȱ¹֣浹̤һǺǣƷ磬ݲţ
Сӡ
ߵŭɱڶ棬·Ҫ֣ȴһԭ㣬ԭ㣡
ɱʧһЩ
Ŷλʿʶ㣿˲ͬѰ仯¹ǳԾ
ֻõĶˣȻףҲ߷Ӧͻֵ۹Щǿߣƶ֪ݡ
СӣϷɱ㣬Ҫѹ㣬ԻԼʹ߷֪λ
ȻɱƹɲǴ߶һڴ䵶
΢΢һԷϢʱΧγһƬϢս
˵ƣѹռϢλߣϢλȻ޷ֵ
мǧСƷ磬Ȼģ
¹˽֣֣ûһʱ䣬Ƿֲʤģʵѽɾ۷壡
Ҳǣᱦص㡣
ôʱִһɱƵýЩ˽֡
ಣ
˳ûâȥԶԶ³ɱعʱʱֹɱâϹݡħۣԼͻӡ


1382 ħ
Ңǵִ˾ͷҲΧ֣ܿɱ˭
ƳŻֿԶӹ¹Աˣ½ʱ¹ֵ۹У
ԺɻҰ£ҹ£űµ۹ʧʧ
¹ӦҲԶԶЩֵ۹ǿߣֵ۹ǿ󣬸տʼ۹߲㴫Ϣ˵һɴͻȻɱ½ұϻȥû뵽ոջص½ͻӣ֣Ҿʵٶȷ棬Բ֣Ǵ˵ʱδ֣ҿҲҪʵ֮£
ղһͨλߣѼΪ£Ϊͻжǿ
ִ۴ɱ½ӹӵ֪֮üҴҸϻȥӹӴˣԼ˿е幫ӣţֵ۹ǿ߽֣ѹΪͻһ˵ˣΪֵ۹Ǳڶʤݣռ鱨
ƨ幫ӣҲ˷½ǺЩʿǰȻңְ¶
Ŷ
ƺҹû뵽ˣʹ
Ѻ޹ϵǰڶ½ǿߵķϣֵõ÷ģҲĴҹеʧƽâ
Сӣ
󷽣׷ɱ
ˣ
桢ҹ¼󣬼ӿٶȷâȻְͷǰߡ
ֵ۹ǿߣҲλߣ
ȻֹǷҪǽ֣
ֵ۹Щλߣ̫࣬Ҫɱ˷ǳѣǽ֣ѾȫŻɱһˣˣ
㻹ɱһλߣ
㲻ţ
ţϧҲɱһ𣬵õʬ壡
㲻˵ɱˣͽʬӡڴ䣬Ҫʬ壬ҿԽʬ㣡
𣿡
ֻһ˵ϾλߣʵԽ磬λǿߣҲӵλһ
û뵽ҹһλʬ塣
һö䣬ɱһƳ䣬Ȼһʬ壬Ưڽ
ˣ
õһλʬ壿
ڱʬ壬оֵ޷
ǿߣǽâ֮ա
֮ǰߣϵضۣǻӣ¹ɫӶУʻӿеŮˣӣСӣֽʥǺҲû֮أ
һںЦǺǣشﶼȥ˵ֽ磬δҲȥ
֣˶Ҫţѹ
ɲһץ
ʿҲץָ

ָâΪǧףһһ㣬ͬⷽռ־ڶŭҪѹˡ
𾪿ָâҾȻоռ䶼սΧռκϢҲȫλƣ
߰Ȼλλ磬ʣ壬ֻͨ
ָâ޴ӣɱȫΧʱա
ҹ֣һӴƣϷ֮ǧ֮⣡
ݣ
һâƾɲɱѹָâϡ
žž
߿ţû뵽ҹһƣܽ߹ƣһ롣
Χһǿ߾̾ŮӣҼһӿ֮ˣ֮ɫҲһߣҿ֮ȻǷ繦
𣡡
ҲɲǶ֣Ѱƣ
һ޷ƵΪ˳ҹ¹ڶԷָâҲɱС
ҹҲ΢΢һԲ٣Զ쾳ΪŽ޼۷ʵ⽣ֶΣӦǶʤǿ֮ͨһ󣬼ǧǰҳΪʮţҲʼŽϽ󣡡
Ǽɱ
û뵽ҹ£Ҳ֪
ɲǺϷһЩָΪλ飬һɱһĳâ
֮£ڽλ߹ƻ顣
λߵȻǶ˴Ϣᣬһָƣһɽɱ
˵ǣҹ澹Կסơ
ֻǡ
ְ㣬ͻȻ䣬ɱָâ֮һ䵶
̤һ
һʷâ˸ոɱƣ飬˺Ϣҡ
һƻڳˣƵâӣϷͷţһͨ޼ʿЩ̼ɥС
ðԵںϹƣȫѹռ䣬ѹҹƣλߵȷ
ЩâþΧ߿ձ̫߼ʵġ
λ磬Խߵڲͬ
λʿλ磬Աѹֲʥֵ̡۹ħڶ̶̼ʮ꣬һ½
塭
׼øֶΣһϤӺɭɭĵض
飿


1383 
͵ػͷϲʮħɷ飬ƶκִߡʥ̡ħַ׷˱ᡣ
ʮħɷ̫ˣаϢΧЩʿӦ֮󣬱Ԫƺ顣
飿
Χס֣ҲһӱѹħɷаΧռϢҲĿࡣ
·λ磬Ҳδ˿顣
ЦЦҹǰԵ÷ǳأǿԳûߣ
ȥ
ߣȻԽգ̤֮һɱҫ۵â鵶ˮ
ֻɱâɱʮħɷ飡
߱˺󼸲âɱе𿪣ʮħɷʿ
߳߳
ʿҲˣʮаѪɫ棬ʮӿɱա
ಣ
ǿһ
桢ҹڻָɣҹâȥ
֮󣬻ΪħɷҪԸǣȴ벻ħɷ׷˶ȥ
־ۼһ飬ɭɭЩƣε飿ħɷϢ˵֮еħ飬Ȼʩչⷲ۷ʵҲ޷ɱǣ
׷ȥС֣֮ӡʹ߽
ִæ뵽ʲô׷ȥ
飡
ͨâգ桢ҹ·ΧиɱһʮħɷʿҲֻԶ㿪
ţ
һ˫ͫͻȻӼǰգɱ桢ҹ¡

ͬʱ桢ҹ¿ͫɱͷŹƣӭŵ͸һͫɱȥ
ߣС֪
ͫЦ
¡¡
ͫ˲ѹ桢ҹͬʱҪ˲ɱǡ
桢ҹͻȻܿͫ˼ʻʮħɷ顣
ڲ𺳹ע£һ˫ͫƣħɷ顣
û뵽þ˫ͫͶĹƣҪɱ桢ҹ£ûгɹʮħɷʿ顣
濴Ĵģο֪ˣ
ಣ
ҹ·â
ħɷʿں󷽣ʿ׷ɱͬ˵ǣǷ·ûʲô־壬ֱײŲΧʲôʥ̡ħֵ۹ִˡ
ֻһˣĿꡣ
磬Ҫɱҿ԰㣡
ԽââһգִΧɱϹݣǳͶԪ
ҵԵϹ٣㻹ζԸЩλԽߣҲǳ£Ȼλߣǿᣬҿ֪ģʱɲϹľ
žž
ʮħɷƣΧһЩչǿƸɡ
̫ˣ
κһħɷ飬ƶһžʵ
棬ɱ
â
ֻ¡һǰգɱعȻǺŮ۹ƣһն顣
ŮۣҲǽ߿еʹߣǿƽסһû˿ܵӰ졣
ǿ
ǴԽλߵǿ
ԶԶλ۵вζֲλʿһȥϡ
ǱλʵֶΡ
һҹ¿ǰ̬֮һ˪⣬Ȼɱһǿɱ˵ɱʵɱҲ޷ס
ӮǿԶ㣡Ҳһɱжֲ
âֱⷽյնΧһЩǿ߷׷ɡˣ桢ҹ¼æܣâǳֲܿҲܵ𵴡
ҹͻȻͷһâΪ
ͻͻͻ
âӼ֮⣬˺ն
ռ䱻âնóֶ˺ѣǺӿ¡Ϣ͸
Ҳâơɣҹͷŷһ顣
رһɱǧﳤһۡ
ϣ󣬼
Զ֮󣬲мת
ž
ֽʹۣһ£ʩչɱһָ
úˣ
ɶЩλߣ첻ǵóѣһ֮赲ô൱λ߶ᱦѲס
ϵܣҲ
ħҲɱɣϷ񷣬ͻȻһ
һ˰ԵϷ𵴶
̩٣
ִ۸ߺף
ͬһУǴϤִߣ뽵٣Ϊһˡ
һִϸ߲㣬ţһ׳縲ǻμףһͷ΢΢ף°һСӺ롣
âͻľһִͷ­飬һִߣһƷ絹ǿɲ٣
Ϊִ̩ߣִִߣƺƵɱ㻤סâλ߽Ը
ຣ򣡡
ɲâϷ˫ӿ̡
綾
̾âΧƯҿʼꡢΧռһνһΣ


1384 ݴ½ڶ
ɣǸʴ綾һ˿˿У̾綾â޷ѹɱ֮ϡ
ħ۰ԵЦ̩Ǵ֮жʤݵڶۿʺϳΪ뱾ۣ
ֻħûΧִҲ׶Ը۶Ըֶ̤ħƣмֶܡ
̩գλߡһ֣ͬδֽ֣Ʒ磬ǳⷽ
̡
Ȼ
ЩǿߣŲעͬʱâ֮У͸Ŀ⡣
ԭâ֮УʮâƬں϶ɵĴƬд󲿷ںϣʣһֻڻںϡ
ҲɱƬںϲ࣬ɱƬΧâƣĿ£
ãˣɱƬŲںϣâ˽пܵõ
⣡
桢ҹҲâԺﱬԪ
ҹɱʱ̽Ƕᱦʱ棬ʵλߡҢ־ͷһξ룬һᾡȡɱ
һΪ˺ܺ˵°ҶȡɱδɹҲŵԣȳ¹
һļϣ
ɱ
ִͷŷӡҪֽâƬռ䣬һӡ
һӡɱִˡ
ԼǧִߣâͷΪһ̺廯Ԫ⣬ڻûһŴ
Ҳͷռ֮·䣬ǧִϣҪâġ
䣡
ӡ̫죬ǰǿͷƿأӡ⻪ҪûâϷ
֪⻪۶ɲǣһѪɫצӡͻӡۡϹݵȵǿߣպö˲䣬Ƚ⻪Ϸץ֧顣
ħ۾֮УѪʵмХƷӽ쿪ʼҷħ۲Ʋ˭Ҳ᲻ߣ

һӰɱħۡ
ӰƺӺҹӰ˲䣬һΪѰӯһһ㣬ڷħ۱
ħƺһ˫۾ͻȻ̶Ƭռ˲顣
ӰΪͻһĺۡ
Զħתֵۣ۹ʥŮṴ̊ɣһỤ̊ʵȼʮǰỤ̊ǿһЩɫҲ۲⽫ǽΪỤ̊
۹ܽħɱһΣͻɱڶΣħͷԶԡ
ͻȻһΪҪħۣû뵽һΪӡץâ
˵бڴˣݵ÷
һӰӺϷգԦƼƣȻΪ̩һĨ籩ɱ
۹Ʒӡδ̾綾ͱ̩ɱķ籩ɱ֧顣
Ůӽ֣ñУ
ֻͻԽۣܻը죬ƾˮҪɽŴֽҲв٣ǿټҵ۹ȱһ㵹ʺϣ
ߣ
̩࣡
Ըʱ绢ڣΧռ飬ץͻӡ
ط࣡
һУȻǾס
ƺͻҲ̩ŭ֮ǶôԵӭͻ˫һϣΧͻȻһ졣
ﶯƺܾǿƣɱ𣬺˺ôǻƬ
࡭
̩㵴ͻΧƯЩս죺øط࣬ƷҲӵзʿʮ֮һλߣС㣡
ǲǷ࣬ԵҴ߶ҪȻͻӺһƿߣ
࣡
Ȼֹͻӵзࡣ
Ҳз࣬ѪɫͻӷƣûжԷٷ֮һ
̩ϸ磬ԸǣʥСƤ
һ
Ϲûдһλʥ̽ͽ֡
ɱâϹһδҪץâԱһɱצϹΧɱôڽɱ״̬
ۿˣ
ħ۾Щִ˾ͷγɾԷ˲䣬ɱâץѪɫ
žȡžȣ
Ѫɫﴥ֣סâ
ħۡ
̩һæȥһƾɱ
ಣ
ۡͻӴ˼ʵ̩һǾâǰ̩Ѫɫ֮ʣͷââû̾綾̸ʴ̡
ħǷҲ̩ɱǧ׹ҫһУͷп
мִߣᱦʿиǣɲǼڹ˲䣬ΪѪɫ촷ۡ
ߡ
̩ΣҪԸħۣҪͻӣ
ʱ˿̣֪λ紩Խߣʵôֲ
Χʥֵ̡۹ħǿ뾡취â
⣡
桢ҹֱִ߽סҲں׷ַָΪֲħɷٴγ֣ħɷƺר׷ɱ档


1385 Ѫ
ħɷˣ
ӡڷգҹ½ִ𿪣ʱҲڼʱ俿â
תħɷɱףҹµһʱ䣬ѡԽЩִߡʥֵ̡۹ᱦʿ
ħɷʿ޼ɵɱ桢ҹ´ڶʿ֮У¿ɺãʿȥԸħɷ飬浹ࡣ
ǰһЩִߣΪǶʤݴ壬ǿͷž蹡߾ںδ
賤峤
Ҳһߣһǻᣬʶ
ϧԼҲº֣Į
ľͷƶһЦ˵ߣǻزˣʥż֮лɱҲᲽǺ󳾣
ָͻȻֱ罣棺ͷλ
ȻǶָָ
߳߳
һǰƿռ
ҹüͷģϵͨκͨҪ£ߣΪﵽ壡
ϵͨҲᣬһ֮
ҪԿͨȻֶΣɽС񣬻ɱ
ЩѹֶΣʱóҲֻ̫ܻһǰ鷳
ҹӡɱһƬ
濪ʼ߶һֱ׻ô꣬ʩչ׻ǿн֡
߳߳
һ𵴣ֻͷ˫֣ҹ黨ɱ׹Ĩȥ
ͬһ֮⣬ǿɱ׹ǰ
߳壡
ϵͨ캧ˣ˫֮Уγɿֲѡи׹ش
Χǿߴ̵ö޷˫ۡ
û뵽һŴ˳ż꣬ջ컯Ƕ쾳ɱ
ٶᱦʿִߣ࿴
ֶΣ޼ͷԵ׾Ȼһ޼
ӣǾӵʥС㷨ץʿ棡
ոս̩𿪣
۵Ƴһ׹⣬ֿͻӡ
ͻһͷֶΣ̩޷ƽָ䣬һЩɵͨȻɱ
ˮۣǶ쾳䣬޼߽λʵһѪѪϢƺҲȥСӲ򵥣Ҫֵ֪۹ʮ꣬һʼѪӲвѪһλʿӵ˾ѪϢ
С½ʱżȻᵽĽ磬ĳϼйأϹĳѪԲܻɱӣ³κ⣬ҲҪʬ壬һ˿Ԫ񣡡
ĽλΪǿһ֮һҲֽͷƺʥǸԽߣΪϹݵŮӣĽ磬һλ磬ֽ硢ĽԽϽ
˼䣬ٴαâ
ٿΧټ棬ʥΪ룬໥ɱɱȥǿ
Ǽɱǲܵõ
һӰӣܹǿߡ
ʥżȥ
ѩ
뿪ϢͷգǼɱ̫ͷᣬлɺãʥִ˲з飬ҿĽɼռ䣬Ѱҵĳɱ
²ģҲףǼɱ
ʮϢ
ʥΧѩٶȡϢԱϢơ
û뵽ԭʥڲа棬ɱָ߽Ϣǳ棬аϢʿ
ЩɵϢ֮Ȼһ
ûãͻȻϲؿ֮УһüʯøȻһɱϢ΢΢âڷҫ
Եǻѩȥ
ء
ɳɣδأѩܿɱ·һڱ
¶棬ɽǺεģ
֪֮࣬һӤͻȻǰϡ
ĪҲᱦǿߣǰˣżɻϢͷţٶȸɱϢ

һѪɫӰǰ޴һֻѪɫƿն
⣡
ѩӰԼٶȣæܵͬʱɱһ
ţ޵һһͨ

ѪɫӰʱƬƳ飬ѩܣͻȻһЩѪɫצӡѽΧȫ֡
֡
˫ֱץһâڲȻһ飬ֻ֮ͭԲ֡
ִǳս鷨ҲԿ±ո飬ָͥҲκβ˱
ˣ
ž
ѪɫѹڸոձĲϷһ𵴣һɱѪɫ֮£Ϊ촷ۡ
ѩľؿŲ飬Ҳ·Ѫѣ⡢ǺεȺص
ΧѪɫǣͬһѪɫ¡
˿̷ѩţһʱʧȥɱʹ֮лָתſ֪λǰ
ܽɱȻǿ޵еĴڡ
ѩҪлţ


1386 ѩ
Ȼת֮󣬻δ˵ͻȻǰȻһѪǡаϢѪˡ
ŵһҲ˵ѩ¼ʶ㣬ҲδܴѪ͸ǿа
һƷ˿Ϣݲ
֮УҲʵĴڣ
Ѫ˸ԼףѪ⣬ѩʱ壬ú׻ָһ죬һУ쿪ʼˣ
⡭ŵ÷ѩ֪λشֻо
ѪͻȻ֣һѪָŷѩ㷢ڴһǿ󣬲Ĵڣ֮ǰںǼɱˣһɽǿߣҲڱУ֪ôǿɣ
ѩԷаϢϯȫ֮ʣ侲ˣ
ˣǺǣǰɣ˵ˣΪͥߣɱ˶ǿˣǰ⴦żһǿɱڷһƬ
սƬ
ܶණ㲻֪Ҳ֪綼δգԶϤǺ֮ϵͥУǷ˾ϣǷ˻һŷɣȻǼʶǲŻףǵ뵽ͷһЦ
ˣ
ѩԥѪ˹£
һˣ侲˼δɣһŮӣһҲΪһŮۣŮʲôи߳ɾͣڱ͸Եʵһ죡
ݷѩף
ֻовٱ˿ߣ·ڴ͸һʧȥӦ
ִܿʹԵָӦ
лˣ㣬ûб仯ķѩޱȵѪ˿ͷ
ɣҵĺǣ
ѪͻȻչ˫֡
ѩֻħǰǿȴѪ˹ڡ
ǰбõһ壬һϤɱѪͫձ
â
ȻǴɱɱȥҲһˣôͷâ޷õɱ緽ѩǰ㣬ʥȥ
ҲҪִߣϹɼҪȥѰԵ
䣡
һۣɱ
ֻ֣ͨץסͨ޽
һۣ֮¾ۼ
ƿۣһЩִ£ʩչͨɱ桢ҹ޷âһ
ˣ
â𵴣ˡ
һ˫˫Ŀ⿴ȥԿâϢٴһЩֻвһ룬ȥɱâȻ᳹ʧ
ɱһȡ
һĻ̼ʥ̡ħֵ۹ǿߣԼһЩᱦʿִɱϱƽâ
¹µ۹ϵ㱾дǰ;ΪҪΪֻŭ֮
ҹʵ̫ǿҲǳ棬֮ɱδð벽
һӣȻͣұµ۹ʱûȫҵ۹󲿷ˣֵ۹֮£˺ʱҵ۹ִ˵Ʒ廯ǲ䣡
벻һЦ˵ĺãִĿǶԣƷ˷½κδ½ԲڣֻҪʤ㣬Ǿ㹻ˣִ˶ԣ޸ϵ
ߣͷŸԦۡ
۴˼ʣֻ֮нͻȻʧΪױޡ
ճХǱ޵õϵͨ廯Ԫںϣñܳ󲿷ͨǶµɣ

߳߳߳
ֻױ𵴣շɱٱ֮
ΪǶʤݻۣ廯Ԫ
ͻȻӡҹ¾֮࣬ȻǰҲһۡ
ͬ۾ƣҲץһױޡ
ۣ
㶣ܣһˣΪִˣ˴ͨط
ҪʲôȻֶãߣִ˿ڿ˵ͨԼ廯ԪֻǴʥڲɼ֮УھƽĹҲ˵ִκδͨ⴦ϹżԴӸԣ廯ԪϽ磬Ƿ磬ʲôʱŹִط
㵹֪٣
Ʒ磬ѲִЦǸ磬˶ִ֪
ɱ
һۣױޣף·׶ɣ𵴡ɱٿռѺۡ
û뵽ǣҹںϣƿۣɱױҲܿסһδιơ
˽ڶᱦɱð֮ʣ
ʥżһ
㡢ڣŵӷѩɱϷϷֵܣСʱ򻹼Ϸ򣡡
һǱͻȻӸϢɳ
Ų·֮ʣһŮӽأһк󱳣ֻܿͷġ
ѩ
˵ˣҵȷڵӣҲ˵ˣǰǣѽʦţԡ
ʱķѩ£绨ޡˡ


1387 ɱ
ЦҲٱ䣬ͻȻ֮ʱ߳ȥ
ˣһ޼ǿߣ
ۣ
߾֮б˺ѣȻһˣһڽѪѡѪڡ
һˡĻˣܿҲܿһЩѪ⣬·˾綾ʴ㡣
Ѫˣ
޼ʲôɾҲʲôɸɣЧһЩþˣˡ
Ѫҡҡͷ
ڷ˸ɣ
ĪЦܳˣˡԶַ˶ԣǴ˵
˲Ǵ˵ڷ磬ɱˣҲΪ壬ӵǰڲǬϴͨ
壡
ǿɲ룡
ָʮȻҫ۵â㿴ǵɱâǱĿ֮һ
ѩһƳˣҲǿâƷõϧ̫ǿߣλĴԽߣ
λ磿ֻǺ֮ϣ֮Ǽ٣ʰˣ˵ԼǴԽߣڷǺȥɣǴԽˣ
ҲҪǼɱ
ߣҿɲҪɱҪǼɱǼɱڵΪš
ţϤ塭ִ˵һ廯ԪĪ˿ʲôϵ
廯ԪǾŵһſ湻ǿģñ˴ͷ䣬ҲۣӢ𣡡
ԭˡ
ѩһû뵽Щš
ɽ磬ֻ˲֪š
ֵˣץסλԽߣǵ壿Ҳǰֻǿߣ˵壡
ѪҡҡͷˣЩԽߣЩ֮Уʩչۣ̺ϵͨǸˣ񡭡ʲô棡
棡
ѩԼˣٴȥſ϶Ѫ˵ȷԶԶ档
Ϣ֮ɻˣ֪ҲͷЩʵҲûЩԽǿΪҪѡ
бͷųȥΪǿһӡбӡںϵĻָЩ֮ϻһұҪõķǼɽҪ𣡡
ɽ綼Ҫ𣿺εȷ
һڽһɽ˶֪ĽһѣˣõһѣֻҪһѡ

εȷ
ɽ
ߣǴ󷽷ɱȥɱѹ棡Ѫ˾һѪ棬뷽ѩſֲаƣա
ִߡᱦʿѪ
ִγɷԼϢѪаʮգ¡ϰִߵĽϡ
˲飬ִ߱Ѫ˲䣬С
ǹϢĪǣ
˼ʣ
âǧǰǧףпܴɱƬ
һ̲ϤѪڷա
㿴ǺεаϢҹͻȻʾ
תˣǰա
ʮգһɿֲѪţǹѪͷڳˣսа顢ħɷϯ
ͻӡħۡϹݡ̩ЩͷһעҲѪ档
ѩ
ͻȻѪ֮Ӱ
֮ʣţΪеŮӣȻǷѩ
Աһ˰ѪǹͷѪ棬ҲǹϢڸӦӡһϢ
ѪˣӡĳֱȻ
¡¡
ͷǿû˼עƬѪ档
Ȼ̩ɱȥֵ۹ʥǿߣɱִ߶ںˡ
âϢҲ٣
桢ҹȻ֣ʱ濴âϢ֪ʱʱ̶̿Ƕᱦʱ
˵ģӣ̩ͻȻɱһâ·һֿҪ״̬
âɱͻӡۡħ۱أԽ߻ǽâ飬һƽâ
һ̣âԾͷԣǽߡ
û뵽ǣâھͷǰֿɵãһ̱âͻȻˡش
Ƭʧâ
¡¡
âתۻʣɴ󣬾ͷҲһͬѹû뵽âȻռߡ
Ƿ֮ĳʿ
ɱƬˡˣ
͵ؿȥһâǰִߡɣܣһŰ׹⣬ֱڡ
ɱ
մ
ǿ߾ǾɱâԽپͷһʿڡ
ɱ

ǿĽһĿ⣬ˢˢϡ
棬ʱȻδӦɱڣƺûʹ࣬һ𵴡
ȻȻ
ŴĿ£оһɰɱϢĳһƯ
֮⣬ħ̩ɱǹĪЦݣС˲ɱҪȡ


1388 ֳ
ݣ
Щͷ⣬ɲ渲Ƕ
ͻӡۡϹݡ̩
ħ۸Խ̩ԦһƬħ棬ɱ
ҹһĺعɱϿ㣬⣬ЩͷΧɱңɱ
Ҳû뵽ɱΪ뿪򣬵ӳȥֵ֮۹ǿ߾Ȼ¹
ߣ
һԼģ
ҺΧûпֲͷǶˣҲһξ룬ڿն𣬷ӡ
ӣΧ췢飬ɱ̫ܵش
ִΪѹǿߣػżҲδִ޲ӣȥԻ
׷ɱ
·Ȼص
ʿ׷ץ£׷ն桢ҹٶ׷
Ң̩־ͷзħۡͻӡۡϹһڴԽߣҲ񷡣
桢ҹϺӵ׷
棬㣬αһҪ֮أ
һ׷һˣͷӹӡ¹мʿ
⣬ȻӹӣѳΪλǰ߹ʲôʸ˵ΪţԸһ
ãһ취ҹ¹ͷһԪ

·ǧף
Ӱٶ׷ɱ
Ƿħۡͻӣ
ͷһ˸߿գһѪаӰһѪɫ桢ҹ
Ѫٶͻӡħ۲࣬Ʋϱƽ档
Ϲݡ̩ۡĴͷҲԾٶȣں󷽿ٶ
ٶ츳һһǿߡ
ǲ뿪ġ
һǿ׷ƣҹ·ǳ
ӻʮ񷣬룬ȥ·һͷȻǽס
ҲʮϢǱ׷
ͻȻǳϤ·壬һֱӦĴڣܸҪȡӡҲʺһ
һͷѪ׷ɱǷѩѪˡ
˵ߣѪˡ
ȻһѪ˾һδ֮УӡӦǹǿءϢ


ԺֳֻԪǺεȹ飬ħɷ̫ˣҸоѪԪǿ󣬳̩ͻӡħۡϹִڣ׷ĿǰΪǶ֣
ҲǵһΣԼԪ˲
Ǿһ˲˹뷽ΪϲߣԺʵǿ󣬲мֹｻ֣Ԫ̫а񡢹죬˾ǼСҲԶаԪ
СҲ޷
ð麹
ٿ߿ӣǰңԶ
·һͷͷɽֲֿ棬׷ǧ׺󷽡
ԽԽûжЩǿֶΣҹ²ӳʱա
취
С
ɽ
ţ֡æ
ͳͳУûѪˣЩֶҲá
ѪԪ̫ӴʹƶûãκɱҲһЧ
ҹ¾ٶȣ׼ƴҲƴһ
ˡ
ֹҹ£
ӲƴĻ϶·Щͷ֡
治֪ʲô취ֹͷ׷ɱҹ»ͻȻץסһƤ«
ɱ
ˣҪɱԸЩͷڣ˲ؿռ桢ţһġ
ɱ޷߶
ĪЦݣҲ֪ʩչƤ«Ҫʹá
Ͼɱںϣʩչ
ҹ¾ȻһۿƤ«Ǵ֮УʤִˣһɱһֱӡĳҲһϹŶִߣᵽһȻϣ
֮ǰɱҳûΣԸ蹡ӣ˲رģΪ蹡Ӷ׷ᣬʥżǸӿռ䣬һһɱ֮֮
㾹Ҷȡִ˱⣬½ӳȥʤҲŹ㣬׷ɱ㣬ֵõɱλԽԼƷ磬Ҫ׷ɱ㣡
澳ǿ˳Ҫһ澳ɴ߰꣬ⷬʵǧ֮˭֪Ʒ羿˭ЦƣӢ
㡭
ⷬ׳ҹ¶ԣһؤŻʹ˵ԼԺҪΪʵۡ
˵Σ
ȻͻȻתƤ«ٽڽҿ«ڳ·һһɺɷˣҹ·һγѵģ
Ԩؽˮæ˺󣬴Ǻɷ͸ĸʴҪû
ԭӻƤ«ĺɷˣǵԨؽˮ
֮£Ϊֲظʴ֣


1389 һѹͷ
˲·ڵ񼣣ԭǽնĻƤ«ʱٴӸ߿䣬ԸִԼͷ
ˣˣţĥȭ˷ܿŴԨؽˮͷִߵ׹䡣
˴ԨؽˮŶˣ
ҹƯһ࣬һȻ㴳ζᱦƤ«Χɶģ
ǣִ֮ǰõԨؽˮԸңҲ֪ԨؽˮǺζ
ٿػƤ«Ͻ亹
ΪϾδƿǿ߶һ˿˿ӡҪһա
ԨؽˮƴӵϢʼ·ʿĿ·
򶡢аѪ桢ͻӡħۡ
ͷһ֮Уû
ǶԣԨؽˮһ̱ѹ
Ԩؽˮ
ٶٿ죬߿׹ĵԨؽˮҲֻܼæͷŷ
ħۣ
ͻҲˣ
ϹݡۡҢȵǿߣҲæʩչֶΣԸĵԨؽˮ˳

ԨؽˮȽûħۡͻӽҲӰ
Ѫ˲ٿǾѪƣҲԨؽˮѹаɣѪ뷽ѩǰ벽
Ѫ˿ΧԨؽˮŭСӡݺɽ磬û뵽챻һСϷˣ
ѩԵԨؽˮСèһ˰
·뵽꣬ѹһĥ衭
ʱѪ˹ˣһδδ򽻵һδ޷£ÿûռˣˣҲС
ߡѪֻͷŸơ
Ҫ׷ɱ㣡
Զ̩Ҳ޷ǰԨؽˮ÷顣
ǡǻ𣿡
·գ¹ӹӽԿš
ţΪţǣ쿪ʼ̤ƷͷУ
ִ߳Χ룬еķ̲ס߬ȭͷһʿȻѹһͷ
֮ǰˣ֪˭
ڼգǱһѹƵľͷܲٿشԨؽˮ棬һҲ޷ǡ
£ߣ
ʮϢ
ٿػƤ«ͷŵԨؽˮպγʮƣѹѹǵա
˱Ԩؽˮûɱ
һĻ˿ʱתҹ£һͷ֮ɫ˲ӡ
Ԩؽˮ˳ûһˣڴʱ׷Ÿֿռͨ
ǿ߾ĿԶȥ׷ҲΪ
⴦Ű½ԴϢӼѰ
ͻӴʱҲòȥ׷ɱ档
桢ҹӳӣ뿪ռ䡣
۹Ȼû㡭
ħͷħɷҲԨؽˮʴᣬڨڨһЦͻȻת¶ա
񷣡
֮ǰɱӣﺧˣ绹飬һЩһЩʯʡ
ಣ
桢ҹ´âӫɳ
ٻͷûһͷ׷ҲκһʿӰӣӳˡ
ֿϷ˫ͫʱĿû
ӾֱԽ֮Уһӣֱݴ½ز㡣
½Ҳһӣʮһӡ
ǰ罫ظ˺ƵĴӣ治꣺ɱǿ˵زֱﶫʤݣ½
ҹµҲǿɱâƶʤݣŰֵ۹ǿǱѰܴϷӳȥԺصȪɽʱȻдִʩչֶΣ
ɱУִ˻λõûҵʿ֮
ܿ˾ȽʱգȻٻص½
ոն
ΡΡ⣬
ͻȻϷһ֮Уһâ
һ죡
桢ҹû뵽˻֮⣬֮С
̧ͷ䣬ϷΧγɴâγɵĽɽ·ӽûâɽ˲ѹ
ѹҪɱ
ԺҹȻ
þԺһ
âɽѴӰ˷Ϸͳͳɱٶȴ߶ͨ

ǵΡȻ
ݣ
âɽûơͨѽΧռɱƬ
ҲûУûзʱ䡣
ٿϷâʮ
Ϊһ۰Ѯˣһ飬ƣһĹ
ͬûһ˿ɫֻбס
ߺʮʿҲˣһλŮʿ֮УΨһͫһ˿˿ǿߡ
һѮߣ۰Ѯ߹䣬ҹ£Ƭʱ֮У
Ѯҡҡͷһнɽӣɻɱ󲿷ְɣҹ¶ûпԣҹ£࿴ǧǰ㲦


1390 Ժ
ǰսԳ״̬Ժһǿߣƶ֮ʣû뵽оӰɳ
һ׾ˣͷվ桢ҹ£
ʱ˿̣Ժ󲿷ǿߣһ⣺ȻţԺϽ󹥻Ǿö˶˵ģֻܵشˣ
˶̾Ϣ䣬ӦþǴȪɽ⣬񣬹Ȼϱ
ҵ˭ӵֶΣô󣡡
뿪Եʱգþͣǧףɫ԰ףȴȻмԭǵԺ䣬һƷ߳ʲô
Ժ䣬ͻȻЦˣССʿõ컯Եµȷݵȥ磬һ֮˿⣿ԼЩλߣɱ˴֣뱦⣬ɱŴҲԲǳ𣬵ֻһǺһֶԸλϾǹͬˣ
ֻ֣һһΪĴڣҺεºǺ
Ż磬ǴŴ̸û֮⣡
Ҳκ
С󲿷㳼ħͷĦ졢ǵǿߣձ಻ǿߣڣһǱ½Ϊĵ
ŶЩǶ֪ˣЩҴξȳЩܽԱŴִ˻Ϥ
ʴĿǰʵһЩͷҲܶԸλ֣ڶʤݽλƷ磡
滹Ǿ仰ȥɣڡǱ½ƿأû˿ƿҵˣˣ
˵꣬˿Ժ䣬񣬾ʱһշȥ
׷
Ժһ⣬ʣʮǿߣǾ׷ȥ
׷λŮʿƲǿַǳᣬȻߺ½㣬㣬ǽ㣬ǺȻһ֮ԶԸλ
ǧ֮⣬ٶԽԽֲ˺Ʋڼͷת㡭̿ǸԺеĹùã
ҹ¹ϻؾӣлչˣ֪Ǻ⣬µҳΪʮţҲδȥݵÿΪʦղᣬǧҲᡣ
Ϊҹʲô˻벻ɣ
һԺһЦ֪
ȻʼԶԶ˦ʮϢѳӰӡ
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ԼĪһʱ
ˣҲûһ׷ɷģ
գʣǾա
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Ѱһѷ죬񣬼˿ʼ
ػص棬ڶʤݴ½ֻڱԵʱԪԶĳǡ
֪ͨѪԨ桢޼賤ˣǼԦǱ½ϡ
ͬʱҲӺ֪Ǳ붫ʤʱ䣬˷½кüʥֵ̡۹ǿӶ½Դ
ϰٻĴ½Թš峤ȴɱٻĴ½ƻλӶ½Դ
õһϢʼ½ʥֵ̡۹ħ̤ƽŴԼʿʽʤݾ
û뵽̶ʱ䣬Ʒ췭ظ
½ԵѰһգ
ΧִߡԺѲߣҲǱգʼСˡ
뺮֮ͨ󣬷ףԺֲҪƻֶԸλ
ִҪŴǿС
£ˣöкЩɾƷʵҩţ
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벻ҹ¶Ȼܾĺ⣺һǵ£Ǳߣ㲻õң
ҾͲǿ㣬ԺлᣬҪһʱ֪ͨң֮ӽ쿪ʼͬһӪ
һѿҹΪΡ
ֵţ
ԼĪǱ½ﺣ⣬ҹµȻ뿪˶ʤݡ
󣬼뺮棬ﺣ֮⣬޼ɡڰӭӡ
صǱ½ƺԶʼ½
Ħ첻úҲˣӵǿ߽ٻ£˴Ӱ˷½
ڡ
󷨿ռ䣬ǧǿ߶ϹŶۼһɴʮ⼸ʮٳɳᾫӢһͬռڡ
޼ߣ밢Ħ˰ȴ棬浽ȥʤ
˭һĶ֮ã𺳣


1391 ݷ
޼Ҳһ꣬Ͼ̩ǶƷ磬վ۷֮Ϊľͷ
治棬ܶȡɱӳʤݣνǷͷѹЩͷλԽߡ
ʱ˿̣κһʿҲ浱һݡ𾴡
λ֮˵ⷬʤôֵ۹ʥ̡ħԼִˡŴǿǶôСǱ½Ȼһʯ
ͷϷؿÿˣǾһҲŻЩգͷʱΪȻ𵴡֪ͷж࣬һоţǿ󡣡
ӵȭд㣿
λ̲ƷԽھŴԼʤݾۼһʤػ֮⣬˫׼ʱ䣬ҴˣҶǱ½ÿˡ龳޼ɾСǿֱʵӵоŴǰ㣬ܳƷ硣
ҴӶʤݵõϹ廯Ԫ칦ҪЩͨڡ½ÿʿУҪöʤݵһǱ½ռÿ˽С
ҴӶʤԴеҲиֵҩ㹻С󣬵ӵоŴǰ̣Ψһȱٵľһʱ䣬ҪһɣǴ½ÿˣɱ䣬Ϊǿߣ
ӽ쿪ʼ½Щȥ½Ҫݷ꣬Ʒʧ꣬ڣκһ˲ܳ½ÿֻһ£רУ֮ڽ£
ǣ
ɽˣڿռڻصǧǿߡӢһͬվ

󲿷˿ʼȥʣ޼ߡĦ졢ӡ賤ϰʵﵽ޼۷ԼɾĴڡ
ЩĿǰǿսҲǱ½̣
Щ½ҲڱԴΪףʼô
һɣдʵ޼ǿ߸
ֳۼһǧˣǱ½޼ǧˣǿܽӽŴ
Ȼд㣬ǽڸÿǿߣԼĵãŴɽ磬ǲ֮󣬿һͬʩչϻ֮߶΢һŴͨ
ˣҪ廯ԪǣŹԺΪУ꣬ƿԺУ
֮󣬾ھͷʼСںϡ
ںϡƿ֮ٳȥڸˡ
ʱƯһ±Դڣ׼廯ԪиÿС
ǰ֮Ҳ廯Ԫһ׽ҪȻס
ˣ
΢Ц֮ץסʥżǿơ
ţ
ˣ
Ѫ֮濪ʼ廯ԪעѪһǿУںϡ
޼ڰҲռ䡣
вٵҩȥǿǣ
˼˴䣡
ץʮʬ壡
˿ʬ壬𺳣Ϊʬɶִǿߣ޼ڣ
桢ţﻹвʬ壬Ǵʬ壬ʩչ컯ʬ뾫ҩںϣƳΪһſ̺޼ǿѪ
Ѫȸڵӷãľ͸Ǳ½ЩʿɣȻԼҲҪһ֣
ǣ
˽ʬ塢һͬӡá
ʬ塢ѪЩ£ڲȥ𡢿ǡ
ĿǰڣѲֹ硢ڰ޼ƿؿֲֶΣ컯ʿƿ
ǿ߿Կʼʬ塢ԴֿѪ
ȥһ񣬳۷壬һںơ
ƾ꣬ʥ֮УȻûбʯ
ɼƵȷһʴɣԼ꣬廯Ԫ£ںơ
֮Уģ𺳵ǣ֮оȻɵԼٲԴӦõһЩԴ
ϧûɱһЩؼѰãƽģҵ廯Ԫ
ҲΪƽⲻģʶģ֮оŲģɨһ۾ܿ˼
Ҫǣ֮пռ䣬һЩɽд棬ԽЩΪӴڣʼںϡ

Ŀǰڷ֮Уֻɱ̺Ͻֵ̺֮֮ɱ˵ı
ʿͿëϴ裬ӵ˲ܳеϽ֮
ʮ꣡
ûͻһ磬ֻ״̬ﵽ쾳۷壬Ȼʮ֮Ѿȫƽ廯ԪķԼŴ±
ſ治һ㡣


1392 
Ͻ֮Уɽ磬һɽΪͥǱƷɽ磬žǿӵǧӣͥӵˡ
ϧвûƽ⣬޷֪ܡ
廯Ԫԭ
ֽ廯ԪҲŵһҲɽ֮УĪ⹦ںɽ繦⣬һŹϣԼһѲףοҪͬʱƿУ
У廯Ԫԭ˲ÿȥֻԶ컯Ϊ
ʧ
廯Ԫ̫£ͬʱΪţҶҪǳϸΪԽǲδĳɾԽǲ
ǲŹ˽廯Ԫӣֲϴ裬˲
廯ԪʵҵɲƣòںһֻϵѪ޳ɣƷҲڶ廯ԪҲ˲ĴڣҪ̫ߣڷ磬޷
ηļѪƽⲿġ
Ȳѽ廯ԪȷӡҲֻһ˿УʼӦ棬Σ
ٺ٣ʮ꣬˶ͻһʮݣЩͨӣѪ֮ÿһͻһݣ̫ţĦЩͷڳɾһ磬Ҳͻƣ
ΧҲ˿ʼУչŽС
Ǳ½λã
Զ˷½Ʒ綫򣬾붫ʤʮ׺µɾͷҲҪһܴӴ½Ƭ򣡡
ҲУ
ĶԶ
ʮԣȥһꡣ
ɱƬƤ«ɱûںϣҵÿʼ䣬Ȼ޼̤޼֮ȥоɱˣʱԶ쾳ΪҪȥɱֻǰװľʼͷ쾳䡣
ԭ뿪ǿ̣״̬ﵽ۷壬Ѵڶ쾳״ֱ̬Ժһ͵Ϯˡ
գȫԴѪ桢֮¡
оƣȻأѪ£ָֻʱ⡣
ռʬ壬ӡ֮⣬ȫ硢޼ȥ
ӡ߱ҴӶ쾳̤޼̣ҲôͷϣһЩӣЩ޼ǿɣһֲµɾͻƵɾײ٣
һҲһڣʼ
һɣΪǴﵽɾ飬ӵжپ˰
ʱϸϸӦû뵽ӵһɱϢԼʥż֮ǹɸϢ֮һʥɼ
ִ˸߲Ȼʱʱ̿оɼܣҲɼõɱԼ
¿ɺã͵մɼװ׶ȡʵԣ
Įشʬ塣
Լһʱ䣬ڳǧӵеɾϢӡ
תǧ޼ǿںϡ
֮ΧˣҪ޲ƣҪĦΪ۷ľͷֹһˣˣ
ȥҰĦ죬ЩͷӳڣһʵѻָҴԴҲһһͻƣ޲Ʋ⣡
޲ƣ
޼һǿʵﵽ۷壬ʵҲǿ
ʣ֮һ󲿷ָǧ޼ǿߣڿͻƶ쾳䣡
Ǳ½ûʲô飬ʿСչء
ҲͷѪɫԼѪֱ
ͷ䣬ҲдÿԹʿһʱ䡣
桢ţҲڸС
ֹȥ꣬ڷսֻΪѪɫ档
žȣžȣ
ڴƤԼϽ棬Ҳӿƻǰ㱬ը
쾳䡭
һͷ˿Ʒӡ
ħ廯Ԫ޵öͳͳڿ񱩡
žžž
˿̷·ѪƤѪѡգѪ˿ʼ졣
ͻˣ̤䣬һΪﵽ۷ͷҾͿʮң޼
崦֮УԼ֮֮£ΪѪѪ
Ȼʹ࣬ͻƸ󲻷Ӧ·̤һƬоʹ໯ΪˮҪ
ƽϢ
û֮ǰ鲿֣ӾѪ⣬оޱ泩
ʱڳһЩڣŽ֮


1393 ͻƶ쾳
ӣһһͷѪɫռ䱻ɡ
ǿ泩Уʤκҩ
ŴӰͻƾ䣬˵ʿΪʱ򣬵ѳ

Ѫ⡢Ѫܣ쾳䣡
ɿ޼ֻһ֮ңûͣϢƬ̣ͽʬѪɫࡣ
÷츳蹱
Ҳûʼ־СǧѪħ컯廯Ԫȹ
Զ쾳ÿһֹһУͬ򡢸й١
廯Ԫ֮ǰѣ˳ֲ࣬鿴ǿƣһЩƽҲһЩ
ͨԪҲҷĻ棬ͻƶ쾳֮ϣռҲ֮ǰ伸һɸྫ
ɽʯסɫѪɫʯƬȵȱںϣȶ쾳ɣ޷һ챦
á
潫󲿷ַںһ飬ʱʵ쾳߶ȡ
֮ںϣʱʱ̿̽۷̡
ҲһЩҩС
û뵽־Ҳܽ廯Ԫɽ繦У־ɽ磬ҲǲĴڣ
ھһ¯ǽѪħԱ־ںϡ
ЩһСϪ־ͬһ־֮С
ԽΪ׶ΣԽǾ־򵥣廯ԪҲġ
Ȼ־һֹ켣һȻֻܰĳֹ켣ȥУ޷лȡκһġ
־ҲֻУ͸ˣҲûһܴУҳһġ
쾳壬һͷǿֲ±ѪɫɣڻҪںϺܳһʱ䣡
һ۷ĸо滹ҪԼҩȫںϣ޼١
ڴˣƤ«ڵɱƬδ˼ȥںϣںɽȷõѵûʵںϸ߼ǰװľ
һͻ޼Ͳһˣﵽһո¾磬Ϳ޼ȥںϸֱ
ں״̬£ҲԷ
ͷǶȥ˲ͽǱ½ȫӦ䲻ǳ׸Ӧÿ䣬ƿ½
̤޼֮Ҫ½ںϡ
ȥһʼ鿴ڵڲ
ڣһɽͷһڣÿӽ컯ϵҩͻơ
ҲڱչУڰ硢޼ͬʱҲϲǿôִʬľ߼ҩںϡ
Ӧǧ޼ǿߡͷҲڱչء֮С
һЩ޼ǿߣȥǱ½ԵʼӭӴ٣ͻƵɾ
ֿڰĦɾͷ£ʩչ󣬲Ϸơ
Ѻۣںϡ
ӦһƬռڣһЩǿߣƵҩϾаʿҩ̫ˣռԴ
ǿҵ޼
Ȼһ䣡
ҲǶڣʶǰߣͷ޼򣬲ʵӡ־ǿ߲ࡣ
Ժ˵ˣ޼ߣʵǿ֮Уʵǿһˣ蹡ӻҪǿһЩǿߣԺ࣡
ܴ겻֤ǿ󣬿޼ڣһ߲㣡ַ֮ߣӦǷԼʶ
Ϊ޼΢΢һȻʶ鿴Ӧ
˲δȻ֪ͷʶ
Ħ졢ЩͷΪǵɾѾǿһЩ޼ͷʼɽ٣֮ھͲǼɾǴɾͷ
Ӧ½仯ǳοⶼƷĵ̡
ʶΧţںħȦ桢ҲСںϷѪ
ִ˱ɽ͸桢ţħȦƣǿߣҲὫִ˶Ĳָǡ
ܵħȦǼɱͿ˿Щɱ
ɽ桢ںϣ꣬ɽһϿɡ
桢硢ڰ޼ЩǿߣҲĴڡ
ϧɽֻ֮桢ʵѴڵɾָ߶ȣǲпƿɽ
ö
ʵ߷塣
һӦ״̬Ƕ
ͷŸӦ½գԭڴ½ԵӳΪﵽ޼ǿߣͷŽƬơ
һ˲ǿߣ޼ͻƵɾ


1394 ޼
ˣд
׼ѪԼ˳ɽ٣ĪԴһҪȷ̤ɾ
ǣ
ܿӵȥ½ΧʱĦȥ
ںϡȴš
ڼһɾ٣ɱǱ½ڲ֮С
д½Щ֣ٸ־塣
˸ǴȥѪù԰
Ǳ½ȻƷ綫ǻĺûʿټЩ½ʮ׺ǰɣʱҲ
һأʿҵλ꣬ʮ׺࣬ҲҵĳһƬ庣
Ǳ½ںڰ֮У巽ǴڷڣƺҲҪǱ½˺顣
ͻ޼Ǳ½
巽ٴѹȸУҲϢοʿ
ȴֶ꣬ɽٳɹúǱ½ڸ׺Ѱһ졣
ԼĪ꣬⽥½Ϣ
жɽߣ龳٣컯٣Ƕ쾳٣ȥǱ½׺ء
󣬾ںϡϳ棬Ҳžͷ߰˰ˣһɽͷš
ʱ桢ţ죬Ǳ½ͽ޼賤𡢰ĦӦ

һŽСĵϣм쾳١
Ϊ˸úöɽ٣ͷűԴΧһؾ󣬴մȷ˳ɽ١
Ǵ粽룬żʧ̾ǰϡٹ롭
Ҳ񷣺λɴ½ԴƷ仯ԽԣߡٻĴ½Щ֣ʼ޷ֹǣֻܶһЩ
ԶЩɽʿ
һæµ֮桢ţԾΪ룬ʮݷУҲ㱣˳ɽ١
һУȫͷ𣬺ꡢǹ޽Խǿҡ
һأһ죬洦ڶ쾳Ц£һ̤޼Ʒ۷Ҳȥã
ţΧǿֲƺ
蹰羫ںϡ
ͣ
һ
˫ͫüġ˿
Χռ𵴣ʮɲǼ両һЩӰ
̧ͷ񷣬۶ƣˡ
ڶ쾳侳磬ʵӵ޼߶ȣ޼ٶҶԣûжв
κ޼٣ǲֻţľ
ʼһЦãƶɫٳ־壬һнʱʵԽ쾳޼
𣡡
ԼĪ죬Ʒᡣ
ƾ󣬹¶߿գͷһƬʮﾪ˺ơ
Ǿ١
ʮ٣ǱЩͻƵɾٵ޼ǿߣٺǿ󼸱
ⷽԱ٣ռ֮һ
֮й׵硢籩һЩ˺ѷգںϳһһǿĿֲ١
ͣ
ʮϢ
澲Ư֮Уǽɱһ٣һ׽񷷢ŭһɱС
СС٣κκΣ
Ȼָ֣ȻһƬ׵硣
ԭҲڴ߶׻һЦϷԼĪһ೤ɱĵһٵȥ
׻ֻһĨ˿˿磬۵ɱȥ
Ȼֻһ೤ֲ׽ڰ֮Уһ˿ն
׽ٶʱķѣΪһζ׹䡣
˿ֲ٣ȴף·ɱһ顣
Ҳܵƣڶ׽֮а룬ʮ𵴣Ҫɱ
׽ɱ˲䣬һûʩչ׻ϾϵͨС
ɱһɽһƬˮҫ۰׽նȥ
һնûзƵģ׽ɱͱиһƬƬ׹⡣
жƵѹ
Ʒ磬λ磬ҲҲһǿˣٵķʿ
شҲŭɱȻǱͨڰն飬١٣ԣǲʹ
ȵشٵδںϽٻִ׽٣ƻʱܿ޼¡
һʩչں󣬲ٲȱӡںϣγһŸΪͨ
һƬɱйٻ֮УٻȻпֻ֮ΪһƬɱ
ǽٻֻ֮ͬгѹȻһǣҲɽɱ
浭һЦɱһƬһνٻƬٴնһʱ䣬нٻΪ汩꣬·
ԣֽٻвͲˡ
ո׼ʩչشٽٻҲΪһɽһлɽѹ


1395 Ƿ޼
ʱ·ʮĽٻڷգػΪһƬսٻش
桢ţҲƳȥԶյȴţ´ʱٱ飬ҲҿϢͬɽٶһɱ
תۼ䣬ɱԵڰشٻ顣
һٲͬѰʮٷ·ڳգƺҪһнһش֮С
ԶǵսľֻץϷطƺ׾شɱƯɱһ֮ʣһɱһƬӡ
ݣ
תۼ䣬Ǿ٣ӵײɱһ㽫ɱƬûʣ£ǻΪһ׻ǣ΢΢ϸ꣬ƮƮҡҡء
ϲ˴٣޼
һ̣·ߺ
ϲ
⣬֮дĦЦ
ϲ
ǿߣҲһͷԪ
ǲǿߣŰﺣҲǱ½Ӧ¶ؼ٣ЩͷҪֲʴڰ֮⣬ҲӰ졣
˵ɽٽҲܷɼС
˶ڽڣΪء
Ҳһ㣬쾳ʱ棬ѿԻɱӡͷ
̤޼ж
ٻɱͷǰ׵Ķ࣬ʵжֲ
û˿е棬һ漣һˣǲ޷Ǳεȱ̬
ȥһϤʥ֮кХ
һʥԴϴҲȫ濪ʼ顣
һαһһ֡
飬ʼӶ쾳޼ҩ
ٽʧһ˿ʣ
ָܻѰ˿͸һ˿˿ӫ⣬һЩѪ֮оƤһ
޼
һ̿ʼڲƷ磬ͷۣ֮˿о֮ǰȻͬ
޼
۷壬磬ʵף棬ֻһ˿̤޼
˵ڣǾŴκһ޼Ҳ̫ࡣ
Ϣʧȥ
桢ţ֡شϢһҲķᡣ
޼
ոʧ飬Ӷ쾳޼ʱ˿̣ϱ֮ǰ
ͨԪǹĵ¿ɼعģģƺһֳԽĵĴڡ
ķյ棬ͨԪ񣬼һ࣬ͨԪ磬вԪ֮١
濪ʼ޼һӣɴ
ÿһпȵͽλ̡
Ѫ֮ѪҲһ̣Ϊף
زѪѪɱҲﵽ𣬶ѪӰȫϢ˵ѪԴ
Ѫɫ𻢱ѪҪ಻٣̤޼֮ܶྭѪ֮УҲѪΪΪΡ
ϷӡҲӡʵӴ󡭡֮ϿӡӡһִУҲѪĴ
ȫѪ֮УѪ
ȫ֮Уո̤޼һ䣬ϡ裬֮УҲ̬ǰ̬࣬
󲿷ֶǽȶ쾳ʮȫ֮һԳΪ
Ƚһ롣
ȫ֮һǽ𻢡̬Ϊ
ˣѪӦǽ𻢣򽣬ǽ𻢣Ѫ֮Ȼγɣͻ޼ȫͷţѪǽ𻢣ˣı󣬻棬봫˵֮һҲעȫ仯
ɻ󣬷ǳ棺Ϲޣ
ϹŴ֮еޣ׻ǿԶŻ֮У֮У֮ΪǿޣҲǰ֮ӵͻѪ˵ˣ׻һйϵ
ޣ׻
δ֪ʲôϹޡ
ҡҡͷҲֻ֪㴫˵Ժҵ壬֪ˣ
׻
ޣ
ɲǲ鿴δͻЩȻȻ
ɲͻ飬ҲֻǼǿˡ
Ҳ˵ԣͻ֮Ѫ
ڣӵ
գҵݻδ֪
ɱ伸ƿ˲
̬ҲӴһȽѪɫ࣬Щս졢Žǡͻͨͷ
࣡
ǷӵеȻͨ߶࣬ͻͷŷǰ㣬շ磬
̤޼Ѫɫܿʼʩչ
ӴֶһǿֶΣҲԷ


1396 ɱƬϵ
蹲ɾͿʼɵҩ
޼һҪԴǿ
֪޼־Сǧ컯廯Ԫȵȹٸı䣡
Ϣһʱ䣬صǱ½
һۣӶʤݻصǱ½ʮʱ䣬Щ£Ӷ쾳̤޼
ʱڣҪܴоֲҪɱںϣո಻ֶΡ
ǿʱʱ뿪Ǳ½ȥ⺣ͻƣӡĦҲͻơ
ֻⲻģ廯Ԫƽⲻӡ
֮Уץơ
ͷ΢΢âúܳʱ䣬ٴƽһЩġ
Ҳ廯Ԫһ˽⣬Ź֮Ҫ֮ǰκι㿪ʼ
ŹǣҪʿӿʼֲͬʼϴ
һ̶ȣʿھͻӵӴԺ󣬾֮ͨκһֽԿͬʵ
Ҳζţ廯ԪŹˣҪͬˣǿϡ
Щֻƽһģ˽⵽ģ廯ԪȻиط
˴ӻУһԲףҪҴǱ½ʼսѪħںϴ廯ԪԣʵҲͿʼ
ͻ޼ȷɱ䣬ܽ廯ԪһȫȽϡ
ʵҲСǧҲ
޴¯κΪΪĪޱ
廯ԪӦںϳɱƬ
ʱ󣬾ֹʱһʵ޼һ۷塣
ﵽ۷壬ʼעɱ
ںϻƤ«ֶԳɱƬǳ档
һɱ֮ƷεȲ
˲ɱƬƯţϢӵһЩϢ滹ܴɱƬӦԼѪϢ
Ҳһ֣һԪɱƬ
ɱƬԼ߶κһ鳤壬ʵֳۣˡ
һģûһ˿ѺۣԼֻ֮һ壬߶೤ԼĪСȭͷǰȡ
̾ôƬں϶ɣ϶⣬¶Ȼһ˿Ѻۣεȷϣκη˾ˣɱҲϣ
֮Ҳһ˿֣ϷϢһЩ½ԴϢ
ϧ޷ɱƷʣϵɱȻҷǳ⣡
ɱƬ͸Ϣ廯ԪһȻ֮УᵽǸͥͷ
廯ԪùѪɱƬںϣ
Ҳ֮ǰ廯Ԫԭ־Сǧ϶컯ٶһŹ
ҲδһȻ
ջǴ߶廯Ԫɲγӿһ֮һЩѪΧ쿿ɱƬ
û뵽ɱƬʼɣ廯ԪȻһ򲻿˲Ϳʼ
ˣ
ɱƬںһЩ֮û뵽߳ɱ棬һЩӡȻ࣬˵ںɱӶԵġ
Ҳżںţ¶ģҪܳʱһǿ
ָɱƬˣ㿴ɱƬӡֳһ·ɽˮ磬ֻǺӡǺӣ
ҲΪɱƬںϣӡ١
涨һҲһš
Щӡϸ緢˿һֽ֯һ𣬺ǹ⣬ӡϷγһƬƬǿգһǿջ
ɱȻܡ
ȻˣͽģԷɱƬںϡ
һȥһʧһ˫۾ȫעԱϣӡ֯ɵǺӻ
ͫڣҲӳǺӣ翶Զ·ʵڣָ翹Σ޷
ˡ
֪ɱƬǺӻ೤ʱ䡣
Ժһ𵴣ţһԪָɡ
֣ɱƬںϣʮʱ⣡
ʮꣿ
һΪԾã˸һ⣬Ȼȥʮ꣡
ɱ̫ӴЩӡ̺ɽ½֮ҪȥȫעȻ֪ʱ󣡡
ţ
ع鱾𣬿ţʲô顣
ţЦԪƿԺ𵴣ϴ󣬰ѽħȦںϣܴ
üʮ꣬ͽһɱںϣţҲǲϹħ֣
ٹҿħȦɱ
û뵽һܽɱںϡ


1397 ɽಭ׽
ֻ˵ǻԵҲţֵԵ
Ϣֻ֮һţֻΪͷħɷ֮ڶռ䡣
Ȧӣӡ
Ǵڱǿ˲ӿһȦ⣬ΧϢȫһʮֱ塣
ħȦ
Ȼû֮ħȦΪһ߶СƯǰ
ţüİһ⣬ವһԭһԪҲͷһԪʱħȦ
ʱħȦǰħȦдģԴħɷϷҲͼڣһЩһƣǳ졣
ҲϤӡԭħȦơͼڽǾӡֻ־ӡħɷĺɫ
оԼһƬɫħɷ磬ħȦ˲䣬ԼԪ顢ɡ
ಣ
Ԫͷһ塯
ħȦ΢΢һͽԪħɷӡ֮С
գֻۣԪɪɪʱħȦڲڲ磬ɱɽħڲ磬ֺҹһа
ͬѪɫҪ˷
ֿħɷӡΪһ󷨣ţҪԪͷ޷һ󷨡
ֹţĪҪǿд߶ħȦʵ֮޷ģ߶ڲǿд߶ɣɱֻпʵΪԦ
ţ۵ò᣺ȷ棬޲ⱦɱ϶ʤݶִѣҲЩλɱ
żħȦ飿
ƺ飬֮ǰںһ̣и˵޷γɸӦ
Ϊ
֮뿪ħȦɱ
ħȦֻܱţںϼһ֣ٿǿ߶ɱҲ޷ߡ
ʩչħȦţտɱʤѶ
ںɱƬ
ɱƬ̫ྦྷӡΪ˿ߣ֯ǿջ֮ǰʮƺҲûжջ޷Ԧɱ
ֳ꣬Ҳ޷ɱƬڲ硣
ʱ
ʱ桢ǰǳ˷ܡ
ಣ
ͷâڳԽڵɽƯǰ
ִŻЦݣɽʲôʵ̤ɾ߶ޱȾˣǿԼںϣ
ȼӽ޼޼ǿ֮һͲʵ̤ɾ۷壬һԴ߶ȣɽҪʱںϣƿأ
ͷɽ
ʱҲǴӱɽһϸϸ鿴ɽ
лƤ«ɽʴ˶ɽȤͲˣΪ˳ںϣҪ˽ɽ
ɽһɫһЩɫ桢ǳ򵥣ûжҲΪˣڵ͸һָΪ֮
ҲעɽˣɽħȦһѵõ˵ʲô
ʲôⲻɣ
ɱǷκηʱûбںϣжĥɱϽ磬ڷʱ䷲磬־һսɽģڲ󷨡ȻģħȦһġ
ԭˣ
󣬴ˡ
ʱ淢ڵ֣һǡɽһǡಭ׽Ŀӡɣ˸ĺܿƽ⡣
ɽˣڳಭ׽Щ˿˿ںСǺʣɽ
еˣɲںϳಭ׽ʺϵģںڻϵɽȻܴ߶֣
ɽɱƬƤ«ɱκһҲ޷գںϳಭ׽Ҳ˷ɽںϣɽǿ󹥻ֶΣ
Ҳգһжÿˣ
棬ڳಭ׽ǵģСɽԺУޣ͵ұۣ߶ɽѹִˣѹλԽ
ǣˣ
桢ӣɽ֮С
ɽ
Ʒ磬ԽĴڣ֮ͣ˵õɽǿһɽҲǲܵġ
ֻǿʼݣʵδﵽɾ۷壬ںɽ¶£̫磬ԼŬںϣòɽϿɣֻջأ
ᣬᣡһôۡ
Ǿǰںڵһףһ֮ͷžѪ
֮ͷһ󷨣ޣɽ
ץಭ׽õɽɽʱδκųϾδںϡ
ͷžѪɽѪںϣȻзӦ²ԶںϣҲų⡣
ɽѪ֮Уȫûж
Ȼף


1398 Ҵ
ĪɽѪںϣȻɽȻ򵥱ںϣǳ֮ٲУʱǿд߶ͨǿɽںϣ
ɽûжһްһںɽ
ɱ޷ʱ俴ܣɽಭ׽Ҳںϣʱ޷ںϣʱ߶Сǧǿںϲ⣬ҲʽںϻƤ«
Ƥ«
ͷ֮󣬶Ԫ˲
ֻƤ«Ư֮Уֻһ˿˿ھ
Ƥ«ӦҲò˿Ӧ
ֻþѪںϻƤ«޷ɱ
Ƥ«ɽಭ׽ִʮϣδںϣɱȷǷܼԦĴڣ
ҲżαչأΪǿԼֹ뷨ںϡ
ԪƤ«֮Ȼ޷󷨿ռ䡣
öǿڲ̫̫࣬һ˿˿ԳԽƷκ½ԴҲ޷ǧ֮һʵޱǿ󣬾ͿԿʼ«֮Ϊӣʼ
֮
ȫƤ«ںϣԪһֱоƽƤ«ڲӡġ
ʱ
ڷ·˯֮У½ҲƬУһ½
ңԶĶʤݣ
½żȪɽǴɱɽԲǧԻΪ棬ʱκһʿԼ
ԨҲ
ӣǧִ޲ѱӡӡǴܵһδγִ߻޲
ΪǷҢơȾͷ
Ңʥ
ʥֱ縲ǣڲǺεȳΧҲִѲߡ
ɨһ󣬷Ң̾ϢʮˣĶԴǿӣԼʥӡҲֻǿӡ޷κ𵴣
ϴɱֵ۹ʥ̡ħԼֶᱦʿش㺦˶
ϧʮûϢ˶ô౦ɱɽԼǸƤ«ɶħȦһɱҵָ߲㶼ûʸȥںϣ
˭Ҳû뵽磬λ磡
ǰλǿ߽Ʒ磬޵дڣǿǿȡ½
Ҫ޸Σٴƿ򣬱ҪħȦԼЩɱϧѰʮ꣬ûټ
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Ҳһֿܣ汻λԽѹ
ҲҲڼƷ磬ɱ˸֣ɱ˭֪ɳεȵز
⡢⡭
Ѳգαƿĵʥ򣬷Ңüͷ֮ɫþδɢ
½
վŴ𸣵ʥأ𸣵ƿһִǬ£˴½һ
񣬻𸣵صԷžòɢ棬λջ𸣵صٻ𸣵صʬǣзա
ʱʱһֵ۹ʿ
˷棬Ŷջ𸣵صӣеıɱͷеͱ˸ɡ
ӣ𸣵ظ֮ǰ󲿷ԴԱǰôתƣ
֮ϣһЩǿ߳Ϊūƽ
ͻϷǰһ߻㱨
ͻӸ·Щŵðǿߣץ˶ٵӣ
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ӣδã
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һֽ磬ħǿ׬һʣ
ħûзħۣҪֵ۹ǣֻħǿһ
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ŵòᡣ
ٶԣת·һָ
һâָ·Щߣһ⣬ͷ󷨣һ𸣵صѹڵ档
һᣬݲû𸣵صģѴն£Ѫա
ɱ𸣵صӣɱ
磬ûû뵽Ǹأе󣬻޷סһ½
˭Ҳû뵽ǣԼ֮¡
ʯ֮УһڣȻʿ
һͨһǧĺѩ
𸣵ضˣٱǿʿɱ˾ܻ
ѩãұŸֵ߲۹ɱһ̣δ֪ͨҳ룬ԭŶ壡
ҵͷͨӣҵûɱԭʥҲܻǡ
ԭʥߣɱһٴΣҶģҴע⣬ϧҵõЩʱ̫̣ǲӵаʵƷңûǿʱ
ͨǧĺѩ§һ𣬽׵زԼϵȴ
˽Դˣֵ۹ѪҲܵش
洦ڷ֮УԼ
ոΪңʿڳ룬Ѫɺӣʿͷʬ壬ͷ­ڻ֮зա


1399 ͷ
һȣ
ҪͻȥԼǧˣһ˻ףƷǿߣֵ۹Ĵڡ
û뵽Ȼĳ쳣Ϣɵ¶һ˿Ц
ǣ
һ߹֮һϷһƣ
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Բһշ澹֮и·һ濪ʼڿա
ֶΣ
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һֲߣǰسϷ¡
ͨǧĺѩ
ͨڸߺŵò԰ףϻӣҵԸ£ΪЧ
˼ûѡߣҪ򱾻ӳ
ͻΪ⣬´ˡ
߽һ飬֮Уͨǧĺѩǰ̧ͷ
ǣ˲ҵ̧ͷա
Ƕ˵еֶΣڵ´죬ҲδǣǱӳģӦ˷Ҳᷢǡ
ͻ°ͣȻˣСӣ΢΢ϽϢǵõĳɽʻǹԱŮɫҲϧǴӣȥԵһʹŮ٣
ҵֻΪɪɪһ
ϧҲȱǰȱδҲȱ
ӣǣͬ
ͨû뵽ǰǸĸš
û취ղǼ֤𸣵ضǿߣǰͻӣɱ
ͻ޵оͷǰһҰҲ㲻ϡ
㿴ȱ𣿡Ȼͻӻûжģ
ǵȻã֪Ѱ棬Ʒ磬ǶϤǷ˿ʼʶţʩչѻ󷨣Ԫ֤֮ʵǿҵ棡
𣿡
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ߣͻȻͷƾѹסͨǧĺѩ
˾ʹҽУΪǿʵ£Լ˫ðһЩԪ
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氮Ľ󣿡
û뵽ͻӣ֮Աǣ͵ǧĺѩһͨŮӣŮӣҲ˰Ľ۹ôδӴ̫࣬˵ȷŻ磬½ҪĿľץǰ㺶󣬵ڡˣҲ࿴һۣ
ǡ
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ģ뽫ͻӴҡ
Уӽ͸һ·ߵǲģ첻ˣɱɱˣͻӶ߻֣תǿӵ£뿪Ƭա
ߣ
Ҳƿͨǧĺѩȥ
ãͻӻصһǳأǳͱѪ֣κѰʿһսƯϷ
صս۳
ͻףʤʽ¶ʤݣɱħۣȵõƷıԴ֮ƷһеıԴֽҲС
ۼȻɱʮȥҾδƷһ½ӦټֲС½֮ʱһҪСǻСˣ
Ͼһ磬֮󣬲ǷʿԶʱƿصĴڡ
һᣬȥս
ħ½
ĳյأһԨΪѪӣѪ֮ɶʬ塣
ԶԪڻ
ಣ
ѪӾΪһŴħۣ
常
Ԫ¹򣺡ƷٻĴ½ʤ⣬д½Աʥֵ̡۹Լҷռݣ½ԴıԴڲɼǿڵȺ常
ħ۷·ຣŴʽɱʤݣҪҵ䣬ʮˣСӷ·һ½ƾʧһ㣡

ŵʧȥ
Ʒ綫ĳһ׺
ʥǿ׺ƯţȻ䣬һϹݳ֣Ŵʥ̸ʤǷȥ
ʤݣ
ȪɽΧһƬɽ֮УƯһƬ
ԺܶǿߣƬ󸽽ѲߣҲһǿߡ
ΪǳԽŴԺĴڣִ̳
֣ˣοҵ䣿
һȺᾫӢ
ͷǷ
ʱӴ߻һţС
ӭӷȭ
ʧǱʼ½ûҵ䣬Ҳֵȥ˺ѰңҲûǱ½
ӴΣһۿѰ֮ͨȴһɲϢʮˣĪһʧûټҲûҵǱ½Īǡ߲˰˷Ѱңټ汻λѹ
뼸ˣһͬԶԴꡣ
ã
СţҲǶʤݵ֮еٮٮߣոһ
ͻǰշʿǿߡ


1400 λɱ
ǼҴҶ·ʲô¡
ǼдҪ㱨ΧֳһЩţ罹Ծյѡš
ӭߣλˣŴ䣬Լڲ£
һߣΧᾫӢεȴʥֵ̡۹ħɱҪ

ˣѹΧᾫӢ
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Ҳ£Ƕһɰ˷ͽתݡ
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ϴɱҲ㬳ȥȻĻйݵߣ
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һţС񡢽Ծյѡ㡢컯Үʴ͡סӺ᳾ɡ¡ӵȵȵһǿߡ
λ䡢ˣ
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˳ϷͻȻһС
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ΪԺ䡢Ժ䡢Ժ䡢Լ䣬κһʵƷ磬Դ֮ͨܡ
ֳߡơ趥ƽڡȫߵȵȾŴִ˾ͷ
̫ˣ
ʮκһ𣬽֧һʵľͷ
һѮӣͷߣΪݣȧҲЩͷϡ裬ϸϸ΢΢˸оһͷ
Ժ䡢ߵȾͷҲ˫֮ͫξ⡣

һͷ̶ӱȭ
Ǿǡ
ԡԣ滭֮пһۣȷǵ֮ɺܶǰŴѡ
٣ôͷһܺƷ磬ΪЩȥͬš˱ҲԴλӪȳЩѹͬţ
ΧʿһͷӰ
ʮͷƯ֮ϣҽԸ˷½߲ҡͷɽƮҡ
һ䣬ҲǾŴͷ֮еһ𣬰ۡüëͷԲ԰׵ߣɭȻյһ𸣵ʧأҲɱֵ۹߹һЩλߣǵɱǿɶһ򾡣
Ժ֮һЦãݲȥ
ߴʱ˱ȭҶͰʱ䣬ǰ㣬½󣬴֮󣬻Ḳ½ǾŴڷ֮⣬ԴһЩ칥ƴǾŴҪɱλЩ߹ΪУ
뿪½ȥգƵͷŹ

ʮʿӴ½뺣ߡ
ԼĪֻ֮ʮͷд󲿷֣Ҳ˲ʧȥݴ½˷
úԺȾŴ䣬һͬͷŹִΪ׵ľͷҲ߶ơ
ˣ
½ͻȻһâ
ִӴ½Ҳͷһâââһӿ붫ʤա
ˣ
ܽ½ӡЩλȻǶ֣
ϷʮʿⱲӹҲǵһμ׳һĻ
һ½ҲƷĴ½ʱʼǣš
󣬶ʤѱȫ֡
ͭţ
ʮʿžĿϲ֮ʣͻȻִߡ߷ɳ
ǾȻϳͷ
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һͷһ㡣
ǧ׾޴󣬿ɲʲôĴִ֮Уרĥﷸ
ֻЩͭţ̫ͬӴˣ͸ޱȾ˵
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ߡʮǿ𺳾޴֮ʣܺ쳤Х꣬Ʒ۷λߡ߹ɱͳͳͭţɱ
ɱ
ɱɱ
ɱɱɱ
ִ۳ХǾŴԼǿߡһͬߺΧ캧ˡ
˼
Ȼ
ŴִԼǿߣۼڴ½֮ϣȻûпԶ֮УƯӰ
ӰźƮ޶
һ˺ѺֵǷѩһλӡ


1401 
Ȼᣬ̬·ûһ˿ĺߣƤҲʧȥ
ϲһЩѪ磬·ħǿߣ༡⣬Ѫһˡ
˴ЦݣȺ֪ʿλʿ⣬ЦЦ
ѩˣʥڴѪǻָҪʲôѹưƷ磿ȥ׽棿
ưƷ磿ҪʲôôǸһͥҲ壬ҪĲЩ
Ҫʲô
ҲҪʲôˣҲҪҾǱ⸱Ҫ𣬻صɽ磬Щ߱ɱˡ֮ˣбҵЩˣҪѪ
ǡҪǼɱ
ǼɱȻ󣬹ţģ岻ֻһӡϧûʱڷ磬뾡صɽ磬뿪λ磬һҪһЩǿߣָܻʵصɽ磡
ɽ𣿻Ҫȥλ磿
һУѪ˵ÿ֣ԷѩǴ֮еĴڡ
ǰڣǴ˵һжչԼǰ
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ͷƳһ۶ʤݡ
ѩѪˣŷںȥ

׺֮ϣء
׺ͻȻһƬѹ֮УһħʿΪԪ񼲣Լħͷ
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ոԽ׺һħͷʮﺣӰٴߡ
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ħӿⷽϿմ󣬴󲿷ֶʿҲͷԺ⾫
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ħۡĽŮӶˣֵֵ۹
һ
ͬһɹ׺ͻӡʹ˫
ͬǣӹӡ¹ͨǧĺѩһƷšǿߣ˴磬ӵͻ̤ƺ
󷽸ŴʿΪֲǣƷ类ѹʿūս
սΧѹƷǿߣս󷽣һֻ޴ߡ
ѹ
ͻӺȻӹǧĺѩˮţ¹ʵݣơ
ʹ˫ʾϡüʤݣԼħʥǷıը⡣
ˣͻӵһЦƷԺִŴ뱾ΪУҴ߶սĲԴβϳԴӾͲֽ磡
ӹӶŹҪʤݣֵ


1402 ǿ
⻰ҰħۡĽʵöԸִⷽҲһ䣬̩ϴչֳʵҲǼΪ
ϴβδóȫ
һα÷ħۡʥȻŴִˣһлȸںҲϼ޻αʿҪΪǿ
ͻڱ֮Ц񷡣
ΧЩǿߣǱѹĸ֣ǽʿĸǻ͸ڿ־ͻơ
һ磡
˷½ں֮Уɳ½
ﲻǾẈ̂Ҳûκɵڲ֮ͬУֵ۹ħʥǿ߳û
ǰ޼ھǿ£Ŵִˡۼɱ
գ޼ڻյء
½һڣΧԨȴˣڽʿ£ھһӣдʯʿ˶
ڲԶ˫ĿĴֵ۹ǿһһ
ֵ۹ڿɴ½Դ
֮ǰǴ󲿷ǿߴɳ½룬Ǵɱʤݣ˭֪һּ￪ɴ½Դ
ɳ½޼ڵ½Դܱƻһƻɳ½½ʧȥԴ
ʿϢʮ֮ǰ
ϸϸһԭĪаӰаԪˡ
Ӱͫͷɱ֣ɳ½½Դһᱻƻ֮ǰʧȥһ֣
аìܣǲͨ޼ϴһͬ߶ַҵɳ½޼Ĳرռ䣬˻δüǿ󣬹⿿˶ڣԶԸʮλԽʿЩ˿½еɾʵ
ֵܣ޼ԴʵͻͽֶõƷҪɱǻаյģǿһִͬ߶޼ĪаСɱ͵Ϯ
ҲҪܵش
ܱȿЩλߣƻɳ½ƷҲͰٻĴ½ɳ½ʤֹһЩ½ͱƻӣǲֹǣǿԲڴ½֮޼Ĳرռ䣬ɵǽ½ƻ֮Ҫôһ½кã
Ҳգհǰ˺󣬼Ȼˣ͵ϮǱǣ
ڳӰͬ£аҲ޳ɶԸֵ۹
ĪаΪģƬ̣ʧȥ
֮еǱ½
½ں£Ϊһãã졣
֮⣬ʱʱӴٳ֣Ȼǿɽ١
½ڲž
˰ɡ
ǰڰ磬ʵΪҲ̤޼
֮УӰһЩѲ
ԭ硢ڰ
Ϊߵǿߣ˱չء֮УǱ½ھЩ˸
翴ڰ˹ϵҲһ㣺Щξȳǵľͷһ룬̤ɾ
ڰҲǷǳдʮӣ󲿷Ҳͻ龳컯쾳мͻ޼ǸˣڰżȥҲһʦ̤޼ʵԶţ
ڵԴռ䣡
Ϣ֮У̫඼ǵɾ
һҾͻƵɾ
һռڣ
û뵽öռ侧ӡһЩ֯һƬΪ˺״̬
賤߶պ۵һ΢΢һʹΧռ䣬ɱһ
·Ȼռ֮Уȥ硣
պ۵ںϣҲ߰˰ˣֻҪ޼̤ɾӴڿռϣҿȵʿݹƷ磬Ҳ
ɾ
賤ʱպ۵üģʩչӡûռһ㣬ʧȥ
ϵܵǸˣǱһ̤ɾ
粻Զһռڣ޼ں϶׷꽣
޼ѲǸֻɳ½һǿߣ޵ü磬޼̤ɾ
Ʒ۷Ķ׷꽣оһ߽⣬ϻһԲι켣
ǽǿ٣أ˶쾳ִܿ˾ͷڡ
޼ؿһ֮ɫ

桢ţޣȻڲͬͷϢΧȻϢų⣬ΪһʥϢʥϢ֮УʱܴƷȥ
ʱʱһȥ
һڣһ΢΢Ϣ֮УһδϢÿһɣγС졢졣
ϸڶɽ٣̤ɾˣ
ų˯һнš
Ȼ˫ۣϲգǿպ۵Ϣϸڶɽ٣պ۵ȻȷУ˷˺ýͨ


1403 Ϊ
պ۵ǶʤΪط֮һ
賤̤ɾɾͰɣȻзӳ
Ƥ«ںʮ꣬ƷκԶҶԣͨϢڣҪƤ«ɱںϣͱ«ڲɽ߼ںϡ
ɱɷȥ߷ҪɽܵõɱϿɣ緲޷߶һ
Щ־СǧԼصҲƤ«ںϡ
ЩںϣƽģҲղŷ֣޷߶ɱԭ򣬾Ƿ޷ӵǰ
Ҫ߷Ƥ«͵ӵ
ڻƤ«֮Уž
ǣ˲ںɽڣѹ÷̥飬ըѡ
ҲΪζħȦɽಭ׽ɱûִƿصԭڡ
ڣҲΪˣҲִҲ޷ƿɱ֤ʲôһԣ⼸ʮ㶼Ƥ«ںϣɱҲͬ
𣡡
˿ԥǰյƯһĨͭ
ϢΧƷɢΪһɻͭϢ
ɱͷųâҲϽ
Ƥ«Ϣ֮г֣СС«ȴûһƷǿ߽ںϡ
ҪԦ͵ӵҾͬǻᣬջƤ«ڲɽϢڣһ뾭Ѫ⡢ںϡ
ɱ
֮һֻƤ«
Ӻ«֮Уӿһ˿˿һ㣬ͨȴΧƷκȻ֮ϵ
ƷȻҲ޷κϢ
ʩչ־컯ԻƤ«ڲһ˿˿Ϣɣһ˿˿ؽϢƤ
ƤϢȻϤоƤ˺ҧγɴʹ
ɽϢƤӴ㷢˾˷Ӧأ
ô࣡
ȾƤϢһںϣִʹȫ˳ѪһҪը
ںţ
һһɱ«Ǳ½ڵĳ֮ںϡ
á
ּ·Ƶģıӡ֮иϢӺ«ӿ֮ǰһҪ࣬ϢҲָôС
Ϣʼӿš˫ۡ
̣
ϢƤѪ֮УʱѪѪϢܵơѹȣϢһδζײγų⡣
ȻҪںǲܵģ֮޷سԽ֮ϵʣ
ԣҪľǵȴѪϢںϣһ첻УǾһ꣬һ겻УǾʮꡣ
ʱʱ̣̿ϢڷֲѹѪڶٷӡս
֪ȥδõת«û˿ںϡ
Ȼʱ̬ǳδܵڣɺ«֮ѹȡ
ԭһϢڱ̬һɣ֮˲ڻ
Ϣڻ֮󣬾ӵɱֻ˲ȫںϡ
ͨʱںϣɶɱӿȫ֮УٶȺ
Ժߺˣ־ΪЩ̬ΪȻʮ֮ڣںɱˣɹˣ
Ϊڷǻᣬʹ־ʼκιѪħԱɣκιҲᱻ־ںϣ廯Ԫɽ繦
ҶģҲɡںɽȻʮ껺ںϣɹʼɱ
ڻǱ«͸ǹϢѹòһ̿ʼںһ˿˿ɱõ΢΢ı䡣
ͷֶһϢڿʼɡںϡ
ָֻǰϡɱӿڣ纣ѹȣ͸оԼֻص״̬Щƣ
һЩûԸ졢׽ɱϢɣ˲ںϡ
˵ˣ̬ʱ޷κɱֻԣȻ־ĪѪ
õͱںϣ˲Ҳ̬һж˵ԽκιɱϢҲںϣ
ЩܣԣʵǱ½ǻᣬѾһ㡣
ҲΪΣģںɱԼҲܼԦɱĵơ
ʱš
ʱֻнȭͷСԻƤ«ڲɱϢӿڣҲΪһ㵭渲ǡ
ȶʮǰոںϻƤ«ʱزࡣ


1404 ̥ɱ
ڲ磬Ƥ㣬ѪǰѪɫΪھһƣƾϢ
ٿѪ֮УѪҲƾ⣬Ȼ΢ۻֱ
ȫҲһ˿˿ƾһӡƶƾ⡣
·Ϊĳַĳʥ⣬ڱ⾧⣬ŪһƬء財
ɱ־ӡҲ˲ӵоӡȻƤ«ںϵ棬ɡɱڲɽ
ش𣺡ǰˣԷ֮ɹںɱӵɱ֮⣬ɽ˲еʱʼѴӷɱ䣬˿ֻ̤ɾҵõԵںɱʼɽٷķͷӵеɲ
ڸоǳÿ䣬һƬأ
Ϊ޼һ䣬ͳԽɾľͷѳɹɽô٣Ҳ˵ѳΪһߣסԵ
ߣоʮǰҾ̤޼һ䣬ڻδ̤䣡
Īżȫȫɱںϣɽ໥ںϣʱʱ̿ɱ䣬ǰʱ䣬㲻ͻƾ磬ʱﵽһ̶ȣɱ䵽ɽǵ֮ͻƾָܻ
ԭˣ
治١
һ˲Ϣ׹ͷûƤ«ӿƲɱϢ

ȻۣüΪЩϢڱ仯֮ǰǰ㾪ˣ
ˣ֮ǰǷ֮״ںɱõɽ֮Ͽɣ֮ɱȻܾˣںϸɱˮɣھͲǰָоˣɱϴɹԺԴɱɱںϣ
ҪӦһ֮ǰҾڿǣҪȻǿߣʵﵽƷ۷壬УгԽƷʿеУ
ˣĪƤ«ڲһ㣬ЩǿֲҲӵ˲ӵеֶΣ
ţҴһʼںϻƤ«뵽Ҫȥһ£
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ô֪ȻɱڲںϣѴﵽһȻ״̬˵ܼԦ

ֻһգֻȥˣ֪вУ
һ
ֹȥ꣬波Դ߷Ƥ«ڲɱȻڣͷһԪ
ಣ
賤ͻȻƿն
賤һʹɾƤ«𺳣ɱִ˱֮Уɱ֮һ
浭ףϸ磬ѳɹɱںϣƿڲɱ
ƿɱڲΣ賤ȻˣΪ˽ɱ
Ȼںɱ֮оƷ磬м
˹Ҫɱ֮Уɽ羫ΪӣԴڣֲȥɹǽһҲ־ͷһӵɽΪߣ
̫ߣʧܣ
һʧܾ޷ڻᱻɱʵ֧飬ȻϵġţϸģȻ㣬ǲɹ賤Ҳûκź
ǺǣϸģգǲõģʣҪǣΪɽ羫һ̣ڷϴ𵴣޷֡ѹơںϣʧܣ
Ҳƴˣ߳һԶ־ͷУ۵Сආ
ֻ˫üʮ㡣
ϵܣΣ̫Σپһΰɣ賤ҲͷϢ
һͬŬʤ
֣ӻƤ«֮Уɷ˿â
ץŴﵽɾƷʵҩһںϣâ뵤ҩ֮С
ãʣǰͷſֲ
˴ʱ񾭶Ǳýģɰڴһ٣ʧܣֻΪһ³ҾҲ԰
һɹ
ˮΪִڡ
ɡ
ͷŵҩ֡
ſ죬ʼֱյҩҩ֮£·һ˿룬һػΪŵâϢҩ˱Ϣӿڡ
žž
û뵽Ƭ̼䣬ҩںâ֮ڣͼ𵴣ڹͷ·Ҳһ㣬Ѫ
ҧʼյҩٶȣһ˿˿ϢűϢڡ
ˣ̫֮ǰâֻǴʹâܵشûжԱȾͿжٺ٣
ڣҲΪӰѾ


1405 ͻ޼
ʵҿʩչѪںҲܽȥÿںâǧ꣬ҲҪԼȥһںϣ
賤ɾǿߣâų⡢֮Уԭа취ġ
ûг֣Ǿּȥ
һֱϲͷҲըѣ˽ûпϾŵĴڣʹྭ̫ࡣ
Լ
ȴ֮е棬˿ŴɱҩѱɣҲһϤâ䲻ǿң˵ѳɹںϡ
ˣ
Ҳͦˣ
賤ٴο棬ͫѪѣ·ӵһˣֿʼٻָ
賤ǱʴЦ쿪ʼǻ𣿡
Ȼ£ҲĨѪᣬ΢Цš
ǻȥϢƣԺͿԿʼâ
һʱ䣬ٿ̺âĵҩĦȥΪͻƵɾˣʼںâ
ˣ
桢ţ
׼ãΪƿɱϴ裬Լɱںϣ϶ɱЩǿϴף
Ȼûǣ
ţħȦгಭ׽ںɽԳɹںϣҲֻںϣ޷ںɱڲЩɽ
ͷϢûõҩںâֱӴӻƤ«֮Уâ
ˣ˽ɱж£ǸںɱʱҲ˿⡣
ž
ǽâڣû뵽һܵѪǱ賤ƿΪһЩʴܵϴ衢һδ飬ҲԼ
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ȥ
ﲻѪţҲǳȻ
ȻҲɹںâ
澪ϲֺ£ˣǿԿʼɱںϣոɽ羫ǿ
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вþǰ꣬ҲüӿУҪͻһݡ
ںâĶʮ꣡
ʱ䣬ѽ꣬㲻ٷǿܲܿԼںͿԼ컯Լ
Ƥ«˲غ־Ϊ̬Լ̬Դ΢΢ƹ󣬴ڳһͷźƾ⡣
Ϊ䣬ȻϢøΪȻʮ⻹Ǵͻ޼֮󣬵һйȫ
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ϱǿҽΧҲΪ֮
ͻˣ
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ѪҲ΢΢ƾ⣬·һ̣˾һѪɫ̶ɡ
ţȥ
֮󰲾ɵҩ֮ϴһɱ޼䡣
һӴ׳Ҳˣ絶棬ͷѪâ
زѪѪʼɱ䣬ҲŹѪ֮˲عزأٳء
һ̣紫˵֮еˣں϶ɵʿںϸһ
ֱ£
˳޼һ̤䣡
ʵжǿ֪־һЩҩ֮޼ΧͶӦ
ȿΧе桢ġǱֱںɱȴעɱһ̸ӦȻһϤ仯
ﱾδسɱ֮⣬ͷŶ·Ԫһ
һģһֻһޡԪһĴڣϸϸһֲԪ
ˣ㵱ᵽ֮㲻ǵˣҲһֳ
֮
ֲþϤİΪСǧﵽһ״̬󣬵ȷһηڣҲֳ
ʱСǧŹãʴ޷ƿأĸһزͬӦϣ֮
ԭ֮ϣ͸Ԫ־һ˿˿Ԫ־ִ֮ͬԣڤڤ֮Уһʶ
治һζ֮Ӧ
ˣֻ֮ȨߣӵУͨʿǿҲӵУ磬Ҳֻлʵۡʺӵ֮ƿ֮Ҳ֪Сǧһܷ֮
ŴԪֻ֪֮ԱһˣԲģӦ˵ǷϿ㡢ӵ㡢㣬ᱳ㣬෴ûˣӵҲ˵ԼΪģϿˣ˳


1406 
˼һᣬ潥չüͷбһҳ϶ȣ
ǵ֮ʵۣƿ£˸ߺ꣬ʵ񹩷ʵڰۻ֮ʵͨվƿ£ӶԼҳ϶ȡ˵
֮
ʵҲֻһֶΣΪƿǻʵۣһ磬˹Ҳƿ֮
Сǧ֮֮ҲҪСǧʼ
ǰˣ
ż֮ףСǧɲ⣬һʹڿʼˣ˭ҳϣ
˵꣬һ̺ڴͷŸӦ΢΢޶СǧΧǿ߾οԼ
ˣ
Сǧ΢΢߶ԺԪͨԪϹĵ£ʼͷһЩġ
Ӧǰ˷֮⣬ľ
ںƣ޸ɣڱ֮ΪҲ˳̤ɾ飬ʱϢ蹡ߣȻࡣ
ǿ
ѾλƷۣ֮
ˣ
δ̫ͷŸӦӺ׺ȻӿһӰ
֮
Ӱ֮ҳ΢΢
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ˣ
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ûǿʢ˵賤ҲϿ㣬Լˣ
͸ΧĦ졢ӵʮǿߣǰ޼ڴǿߡ
ϣϡһЩ֮ȻȲ𣬵Ҳġ
һ⡣
ˣ㿴޼ߣ֮ȻУ̫ǿң˹Щ뷨
ԭǰϲ
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ǿڸӦ֮г֣ѪԨ桢硢ڰˣǿߣж컯
Щǿ壬ӿһ֮
ÿһ֮ԻΪǱģ濴һɹֱܷ֮һʿÿ֮ҲвͬϢϤ֮ˣһθӦİΡ
ʱ˿̣ԼҲޱ𺳡
ӦǧڸӦ֮Ӱӿ֮Уκǿߣ޷֮ΨԿ֮ǧƯ
࣬ÿһ֮Ը֮УһĪԪ󣬴СǧĹģΪ֣֮ճĻ档
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һ·ڼ֣濴֮ʵƬأƺһ֮ʧ
֮
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֪ʿ£Ȼ֪棬ʿͬǱ½֪½֮档
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Ǳ½ԱӦÿһÿһ䣬ӲĸӦ
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þ֮Ǳ½温֮£һƬҶҲ
Ǳ½ӦҲ棬Ϊⷽ½ںϡ
ͷΪһմ
ͻȻǰ˵ӻƤ«ڣһ½Դǲǻ½ںϣԺ½ͻὥ綫ʤ֮Ǵʥ򣡡
⡢ӦÿԣŵҲһʱ¡
һԪ񣬴Ӻ«ڳ벻âΪһӡԪƿض
½֮£նȡ½ԴǴ֮У±Ҳ޷赲ΪҵرԴΪŨҷ棬âӡС
ɽǱ½ԴںϣԺߴ½ʱ䡣
«ںϡ
ƿ֮½ںϣ̤޼䣬оһʵﵽ޼֮ۡ


1407 
оǳĿǰҪһ£Ƥ«һںϡ
Ƥ«˲ƯţУƤ«һ⾧⣬ڻΪ貾âѪ硣
ɽ
Ƥ«ںϵͬʱҲһЩʶʼ鿴ɽ
ϱȻ󣬶̤޼䣬޷ɽЩ⡣
ںϣɽһ
޷ںϣ
ԪʯںϣκγԽһ޷ںϣʯҲɽһ̤޼治ǡ
ɫںٶȣ΢΢ӿһЩɫںϣѪϢΪǿ
Ѫɱǿɫֱӹϵ
ɱƬҲںϷǳɱҲһɱӦöЩɱ͸ŨŨ廯ԪɱƬ廯Ԫ绢ȴ󲿷ǿںӣһͬ廯ԪŹȻСǧ־
κһһδںϡ
ֻɫƤ«΢΢ЩջȻĪ⡣
Ƥ«Ųͷһⷽ󣬺ѾΪռ䡣
ˡ
ȥںɱ̫ľ
ȻһϤϢ֮УԪԼͨԪЩġ
֮
ɱں֮УѣԼܵӦϢһ֮
ͷŸӦ֮⣬ɸոͻƻո̤쾳
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ԶɣʧɫϢŻҾ㣬ͻƶ쾳Ҳһӣ
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֮ȻϢңܸӦҪʼСǧо֮μԦ
˵֮Ҳͨһƿأ㣬ͨСǧԦ֮
緢ֱأ˫Է
Сǧٴ߶ȱԪĵ°һġ
ͨԪΧҡҷţʱʱһЩ档
Ȼ
ͨŽͻȻͷ̫Ӧѷִ֮֮⣬֮ͷš
Щ֮ԱӦ䲻̫·䣬һʶܿؼϢ
ЦиΪ˷ܣ֮ǰӦ֮ҪרעͷŸӦȻСǧֽ״̬׾پܸӦ֮Сǧȷǿ֮
֮У˭ҲﲻҲһ֪⣡
ͬʱƤ«ںϣĿʼƽ⣬ӡַϤҲ׻ͨ
ڵصױԴڣ桢ţ֡ǧǿߣڴУõӣëϴ裬ԵȥðվӵеĴڡ
ϧ޼ͽλԼ쾳ʿǲܼԦһ˿˿ڣߣԵ
ʱ
Ǳ½Ƭ֮УҲټû½һĵ죬Զڴˡ
ˡ
һλʮŮӣڴ½ΧѲߡ
һʳɫĵӡ

ʱӴ½һ֮Уͻأһ
ӷ׷ץɽʦ㣬ж
ɫҪ֪ڵǱ½ɲǰǸͨ½
˲ɳϢǰ̺ˣΪ˵ǣһž޴ԴӺ֮г֡
֡֡
ɼæǿֹǾ޴󺣹֣ٴθо
ǵֵڶͷ­ִһһʿľս־֮ɫԽն
׼֪ͨǿߣɱ֣û뵽˿ºϮҪơ
ѣ
֮УһԪʮʿԺ
˴ͷƤ飬ֱޱ˷ܡ
ಣ
ڶϢӰƿͨӺǱ½桢ţԼ档
䣬˳Աߣ򺣹ָߺ겻˴ҴææĪд£
˫ͷִʱҲ˵ˣλΧʤʮ֮꣬ǰһֱƾУǰЩλͷŲֶΣʤΧʤݳΪһµ˷ɱλҲڻ鶫ʤΧأҪʤһˡ
ԭʥ̡ħֵ۹ɱʤݡ


1408 ֮
û˿Ծλܷݴ½Χ⵹λ߲еִŴԶԿ
ʤ֮ǰֵ۹ɳǿߣɱٻĴ½뼸֣ò׵ֵֵ۹ƣֶԶʤ֣֮ƷһıԴǱǶߣƷ罫ûһ˿
λǷҪȥԸƻʤݣ
ݺ²ʤŴ࡭λȷ̫죬Ǵ𸲸һǱ壿ݴ½ƣٻĴ½ֵܵλ
⵹ǡ
ˣ
ǸٻĴ½һǣҪʤʩԮ֣ǶȣҪƷ硣
ȭƳ磺˵ĺܶԣλƻʤݣƷͻˣھϢʵҲŴ࣬һ֣ʽλƣ
һ塢ٻĴ½һԴһŵͷһתȥû
ǡǺεȺ֣
ͨӣȻ־忴˫ͷ
صڣУǰǧǿߣֹͣУ׼ɱʤݡ
еͻƣǶɽ٣ҲںؼʱڣٸһʱС
ͻ޼ˡ
ӻƤ«һЩӿڣ濴һϷӡԴžӡ
ջƤ«ڲɱԽˣ뷲ɱ״̬
߳
º⴦ռ䣬â
֮УϢ޼ڴӶ飬
޼䣡
Ұͻݣð־Сǧ컯Ѫɲ֮ȵͨԾУԶԶԽǰҾͿ磬Щͷ波ǿζ
֮Уηʹ࣬ڿȼա

꣡
Ʒʤݣ
նʤλ֮УȻû뵽ǣʤΧ򱻷ոɾǧܼ֮򣬶ұƵòʧ
ʤݼǱգڻ¯֮УΪһɽ½ǷΧŷɾŴĹƴ󣬲ơΧ
Ͼ֮£ʤݷڶٵӴʱʱ̣̿ա尾֮С
֮ϣֵ۹ʥ̡ħνʤݰΧɱһƣʤݷԽ͸֮ܿڣǧʿƴ
ҵҪⷽƷʿֶܼãֵ۹ԡλ磬ٲʢλ磬Ҳλ֣
һ֮ϣͻƯţ뼸ߵǰǿ뱻ѹЩʿһͬɱƣԺǷƴɱը
ʾһԶһƬħɷħƻħͷҲõ״½֮£ǿΪĵıԴǿ鱾ԴƷ磬һıԴԴ˲ʶõԴһƱԴɱֽ磡
Ʒ籾ԴҲ൱Ҫûֽ磬ֽ籾Դںϣֽ籾ԴһҸԼǿߣʩչֽͨΪ

ħĽõԴΣ
ͻЦЦǰպ׿ȥ
ûкˮײһЩߣϻز㣬ɱһӡ
ҪֱɱһͨͨɵıԴ
ͻ֮Աǣһɨƣ֮д½½ϣ֪ıԴãǾǶԴ֮еˣҲżô
Ҳ΢Цλ֪֮ǰһӶЩ½֮µıԴǶȡƷһֵıԴܻɱħۣʥһΪһλ۴ߣ
ɾʹ۴ߣһΪһŮֵ۹ֵ۹ƿ֮£һʤһۣ
ҵǲںŮ֮λС뿪磡
¡
۸ո˵꣡
ԶħɷǷͻȻǴһɴХ
ֵ۹ⷽҲǧȻǵХͻȻħ󷽣ݺ͵ϮǷս顣
Сġ
ͻӡ⿴ǵХûħ
ͻͻȻӦʲô
ۼæתҲһɴХ׸ߣûһգ˳
ԭƷЩðΪ뱾ΪУ
һץ
ͻͻȻֳһս죬սﶯ˲䣬Ϊ޽ƷΧ֮⡣
ս䣬ͻʩչɱ֮ƣһĨĻֵ۹ǿߺ󷽣γһƳӡ


1409 սͻ
䣡
ɲǣ
ХѹڽɫӣûһУ
Х󷽣ȻǴԼԼ֣Ϊ֮ں֮
ҲУһֻΪ࣬һǱ𣬴ʵﵽ޼ϵĺ֡
¾ֵ۹аǵأƶһ׺ɱ
ͬʱħʥλҲֲܵ
½֮ϣ
ããû뵽ʱ֣ɱĺãȻĻҾŷҪ飬޷֣
ټۣ֮һЩͷͷŴƿظǶʤƬ
ߡơС
ʱһɫӰǿ߳֡

ԭ
ĪЦϢˣûϵʱ߻֣
Ƶ֣߳ȻһȫɱԴӺסǴ½ѹܵ
ˣٻĴ½ǼҲǿɱλʱƷԿӮѶˣ
ȻˣץʱܷԾŷƴ󣬾赲סλƣ
ͷֿʼӡ
ֵ۹ⷽգ
ٷ𣬱Х𣬵һա
Хһδѹƽս쳤ͻȻһͻΪһƽս졣
λ磬ӻǵһʩչ졯
ͻӿۣǰƾȥɱͷ֣Լ
ףµƷ㾡ȫɱҲûҪʵ
ǿʩչ綾Ҫöʤʿ֪Ϊ
ͻӴһ
ץסսӭǽ̤ˣһ˴ƣϱƽ֮⣡
ȥ
֮⣡
ΧǱһգû˿ˮ
ɱԦû𣬺ӿХ
ͻɱɵһԾں֮ս
Ϊģں֮Ҫģλߣ֮Уֵ۹һӣ
ҲǻӣǾûӶԻӣҲҪʶһλǿʵ
һ۵𣬿ҲͶʮ꣬ຣź֮У˲ħֺɷ֮ǰ
ͻԳ˷ƣɱЦһںӣǺǣһСС֣Ҳ赲Ӳɣ
ɱΪɷƣִγɴǻӣҲǻӣλӣλӣʺһսҲؽһս
ߣǻӣһСˣ
ҿʱ˿
ǱͻǸмƶŭ
䣡
˷ﵽʮ
ɷƻΪͻӻʮ˫žȡžȴץռ

ﾪʱΧһɽɱͻӡ
ʵҲӽɾ۷塭
㹥ƣͻЦˣЦ÷ëâ
䣬ǰɱﾪ˵ͨͨκơռ
ÿµĹƣʵҲǰǿ
ӡ
һѣ
ͻûлرܣҲûͷŶྪ˹ơ
ֻһ裬һɻ㣬ҫͨ˲նʧȥӰӡ

ȻɱƬͨǰһɻգԷ֮ƣɱ
䡭
ͨһɻ磬飬ЩķѣռҲ𵴡
˹˲䱻飬ӾѸܵͻжǿ
磬ٻں󷽸ߺ
ϺۣȻֲٺɷӡǣһЦܣǻӣӣδҪƿһ򣬽ʹƷ纣壬𣿡
硭
ӣ֮ǰÿһ˽ҪǻӣӦߵǰ档
Ǳʶӣȥɣһ᲻Ϸȥǻӣ͸Ƭ򣬷紵ƣ
ƣ
ٴףһͷ
Ϊʮγɵͨɽɱͻӡ
ˮϵΪ
ͻҲ²
ճХָ֮Ȼǰգץһǡ
ͣ
շ·ʲôҪҲǻ𵴡顣
̣
ʱǴɱԼһ֮ʣͻϷգͻȻӿջǣսлɽ緢
ûˡͨյһлΪ̡
ǻǶ֣֮£ûһ߿ա
ͻӸֶٶȷŻһЩΣλֶ֮£λϰС˵Ĳ㣬Ҳһ壬Ʒ
Ȼ֪Ҿ㣬ʶҺ֮еأ
ͻȻƤѪ죬ϺһЩΪҪͷű

ͷű𣬶һɷΧ֮УҲ


1410 Թɱ
𣡡
ƺɷҪͷŵͨơ
˫ץ߾ٵ˲䣬ǿֲХһһ˶ҪΧХơ
ں󺣲Ŀռ䣬ҲǿԱԿصֶΡ
ɱ
ͻȻ˫һϣ
Хںһžžɱһ𣬾ȻΪǧ׾޴ˮһߣĿⶨȻգڿնǧˮһҧ֮ͻӡ
ǹͻͻȻˣ
ǺҧȻɱ
ͻӻδɱһƾǳɱǺΧɲǴһգԻΪһָС
ָбȴ޴һЩߴһ㣬Ŵݺһץһ

ʱڸ߿նѡ
ۣ
󷽣Ǻ飬һһѪ
ʵѲñ涯֣ɣû뵽
ݲӦͻӾ֪ԺεӼ֮⣬ǰһ㣬һڽն
硭󷽴ƾ
𲻸ģλߡ
ǰ
ಣ
ۿҪɱУ˭Ҳû뵽ǣҷգȻһβ͡
ë׵Ĵβ֮ͣУƶѸһͽӽǰ
ݣ
ûɱ𣬵ռȴɱһڶۡ
֪ûдβͣ½Ҫڴˡ
ͻƶǰǴβͣһǺ˼
Ҫǰɱ֮ӣԽ
βһˣͻȻͷһ
βʧˣ𾪲ĺһ
лԹǰ
ǰУ԰ٻĴ½ϴԹŻӣŹȶһ
ӣֿʱ򣡡ں֮ˣԱߡ
ԹЦǺǵӣһȻֶԸֵ۹Ӹó֣ҲҪֵģ
벻ͻȻЦСǱӶ֣ﻹԣʵѴﵽƷ۷壬λ磬ҲǾͷλ޷ԿλΪλУӽܲǶֻ֣λʿϰˣ
ں֮ɱҲҪֲ֪
ͻӵձƽԽǰһͷ½һֻ꣬Ҳɱǣץǻֽ磬Ϊҵ۹һ
ಣ
һĨӰɲǴں֮һǰ
䡭
ͻͻɱһơ
ƾΪɽһ㣬ѹǰƺҪں֮ɱȥ
û뵽;𵴣пռ飬ΪһɫԹţŹȻһ֮
ͻҲɱռԵΧʮﷶΧԱû
֮ܵ˵ԹţͻɱֻϺ꣬ٶȵǲӦϣɱ֮ϧٶ͵Ϯ
ߡԹ˫ͫ
ץ飡
Թű֮ǰһУ֮ˡ
ͻӾٶһ˺ѿռ䣬ֱһɱһָơ
ȷŻ˼꣬ǵһ봩Խ߶λҲǺ۸ģ
·ԣԹйٿȻһָ͸âǰâ
ԹӰͻȻûǲӰͨʤͨ컯
գָۣɽ֮ɱڴӹȱâ
һȻײγɳɲûˣ˷γɺ˱
һʱûʮʮ
ﺣ򣬾ȻɹγɵĺˣʮҲƳͷ
Թǰǿ󣬴磬ǸͻҲޱȣ
һЩκˣ
Ʊ˴һЩ󳷡
ɫ԰ףܼһЩѪѣʵǵ޵۷ǿߣҶ֣ͻӿƲδмܣʵֲ˹޷ǿ󵽺εȳ̶ȣʱԹǰƲԣ
ԹǰٻĴ½峤ͬȾͷһܶͻӡƼ𣬽һ顣
һֺòױƽݴ½ָ˻
žžž
ʮ߿գѿԹŻͻӰ
ÿһ˸Ծ߿գ´ռѺۡ
Ϊֲǣ˽γȥ֮⣬ûкأ˹ٴʯΪ촷ۡ
ͷ·γһӣӻڳͷ졣
žž
·ַȥĪ֮ɱɱȥһ֮ҫ
ݴ½
⣬ߣԼٻĴ½ϴ֣λ󷽷ơ
ƺⷽѹ١
½ΧŴĹƴһδνֵ۹ħʥɱĹƻ顣


1411 λĻ
Ŵǿߡִ˿ߣ˿вʿΪڶ쾳޼֮䣬ͷӳڹƴһδν֣ء
ٻĴ½£͵Ϯλ󷽣Ϊʤȡʱ
Ŵں߲㣬ԼӢӣûϢ޲ƴ
֮ϣȻ롣
ߡơ˽ΪģΧͷ
ಣ
Ӵ½ŷգŵơ
ԭǾŴ䣬һԺԺԺ𸣵ءء帣ءءؾͷʱִ˺ڸ߿ա
帣һƮΪһѮֳֹۣߣλʱԼ͵Ϯλ󷽣ǲǲüԴУɱȥ
һҲʮߣһвͼڣһǿߡ
ǰһѮߣҲֳֹһǵ䣬Ҳ˱ȭڳûɱ䲻λȴһǣ˵ɱǿУ
߷ͷҲٶ
Ժ伫ΪᣬҲʮָ꣬ĺ룺Īżһ¾
λ
ߡơЩ߲㣬Ŵ䡣
κһƣޱ䡢磬κһʵȥƷ֮ۡ
߱ȭλ֮ǰѽ飬˾ȳûΪҷ޲׼ƣƴһ׼ãٸλӭͷͻ
оŴ֮УһλŮӡ
λŮӴԼʮ꣬ˣȴŮΣһѩֳֹۣĸʥףʱʱǴ´Σ½Щ֮ǰδ飬ϾͷɱҲһ֮ǲڴʱԸλ½ܵش
񣺡䣬ӦԴΪ֮ǰδλⳡɱǰɱֲֻˣǳƲܵӰ졣
һ䣺λβýΪϣܸ½
Ŵ˴˵ͷִ˸룬һͬͷŹ
տʼˡ
½Χ
ֵ۹ⷽǿߣԺǷһɱ
λǿһҲͻŴݴ½ʿƷʿ
һЩֵ۹ǿߣͳͳλǿۼһſӡ
ӼΪͨϷһӡȻһɾӴǰ֮С
ʯɢ
нʿ׳ӡ
Щ編Խʮӹ֮дԺϷա
žžž
һӵ飬ÿһɫʯۣҲ֪Ǻε糾һԺԼɷֵĶʤݡ
дԼ籩ɫʯ۴󣬻Ƕʤݷ
Ժʿأ۲Զʮֵ۹˶
Ȼʯۣ޷Ȼ磬ЩʿΧ
һеʯ۳ʿɣȻϢһʿڡ
ֻճʿ۾գͷ֪ƤЩѪ˲仯Ϊɫ磬֮ǰЩʯɫͬ
⡭
ʿ鼫Ϊʹ࣬ţӡҲǻɫ硣
Ҳһ̣Ϊɫ
˲ˣɫ۾ûжһ£Ҳǻɫ˿Ҳǣͺոһ̴ʦһʯ̶ɵʯ
֣ѣ
һʿͻȻΪʯɫһ߹
𾪲ȻæͷץסԷ첲
˸ոԷͻȻΪʯɫδ֣ұ۽ѳΪһʯۡ
֮󣬰Ѿʯռת߳һָո֣ͬһֵ̣ͫ￴󷽸ԺǿߣѾһΪʯ
ϧϢҲΪʯ֮һ
Со綾
֪Ժⷽǰ﹥ƴһͷͷŲԪ
ʿȻ⣬ſԺǧǿߣΪһʯ
һˣӦǿнԼ˫ȡ˫ֿǣԼû£ǿЩֽȴѾʯ
˾ִǱɳһЩ״ʿҪЩʯʯˣһϣ̻ᱻȾϣ
˼ʱֹ˼æ󳷡
˸ոշ˵ʲôһ죬ӿʿǰƤʼʯ
Ϣѣһǿߣǰʯ
ǿʯԺ֮УƷ˷ǿߣ̶Ľ֪¡
ǣ֮УҲ˿ʼʯ


1412 Ʒ
½һħɷ֮ʮԺ칥ƴѹȶȥ
ʮħɷشءվ񱻷գʮħǿߣħ½һͷ£ԸǰԺƣ󷽻о޴󺣹亣ХħҲǰܵ
ܿһͷ˫ͷ֣һɽڷŭŴຣХ
ʯֵ۹Ȼб
ħƯħɷ֮У
ħɷΪʮ˿ͷֳһȨȣȨҲʮͷ
ǧֵ֮۹ԺɱһĻĻ·Ӳ˫ۡ
ͫһ˿˿λʡ綾ɣλ۷ͷҲʯħһλ磬ʯ´󹦣֮˲ʯ
ͻɱʯҪٶ¶ʤݣƷһıԴıԴǶС̫ô
ۿϵĺöֵܸ۹պñ䣬ʮƷܸ񳯱Ҫֵ۹ħƷǬ
Ʒͷ˫ͷʵ̫ԵħʬܣԸִֶһݰգ
û뵽ħһ˫ħۣԴźԼĪʮ⣬ԦХɱ˫ͷ
һӹ󣬷ħ¿ʮⶫʤݣȵõıԴ˵ֵ۹ɢʯֻҪһӣʤǷȻʼңǶԾһѡ


Ǳ½Ȼ֮У֣Ѽء
ͻȻһƴ֮ͷһƬ裬ԭ硢ڰѪԨ桢޼ɵǿߣͷ󽫸߿
˲ϢӴ½һǿߣ˻ߡ
ʧȥ۵賤ᡣ
Ħ졢ӡ޼ߵȾͷǿߣӴ½ʮˣˡ
ǧˣ
߿֮УÿһǿϢͷţһųΧȻϢ
ƷˣǰɣҴҿǷﱬ
ӦλʤݣǷ𵴣ֻҪֲʮ
Ű꣬Ʒѵ㣬λԽǻλɻأʧȥƷ磬֮Ҳûһ磡
һͷһ־ͷرʧȥΧҲǺϢ

棬桢ţ֡
ǧǿӭӡ
֮УֻһۣоƷϡٵʩչԲĿ̶ֲȡ
ڸӦںϲٴ½Դͻ޼䣬ԸǧԶ
ǰҵҲɱȥʤݣвپӢ̤쾳
У쾳ȥԸλǿߣѻʯǼУ̤޼˵
ȥǧǿΡȻȥ

ͻȻӶ֮УһХ
ȻźХַǳһӰ
һǰǿѹϢҪģ֮ںӣ𣡡
ڶϢһۣ档
𣬷ˣһսҷ׼ã޼ǿǧˣɾͷٶˣ
ˣϾǻӣţ渵Թȥԭҷ͵ϮλЧ֪ʤǷûгû󣬷ƣһ˼춫ʤݴ½󷨣ʧȥʱ˭֪һɿʯ֪ķλ簵д붫ʤݣ̶ʱ䶫ʤݾʮˣԼ˱ʯٶ޷ֹ
ıħλ£಻֣ʤҪ壬ҵǺʯʮʿ޷ֵ
ȷв鿴ʯɢٶȣ޼ǿߣʯҲֻҪϢ˲ʯĿǰ֪ʯδȾģ˶ʤǷҲлЧ
öʡ¶ʤݵķʽλԽߣ϶ѡöħɱ½ʿ
Ĭһ󣬺ǧǿ߽˵ÿһ֣̬ӣ׷ء
λƷ粻ûˣʱֻܾŬֹƷ𣬶ԸλȻܵ컯ǿֶΣһͬ󣡡
λ罻֣þʩչϻ֮϶컯֮ӵйƣҲӵͨԷƻ⣬λʿ
˶ԵֶΣ뾪СС½˷½֪ʩչٴΣնԷս֮ǿԼ컯ѳ޼Ԫ󷨣ʱٶȳɱʤݣ

ڳͷǿߣնôݡͱʵ۷
ҵһͷϢĺȥ
ಣ
ǧǿһԾ
úÿǱ½ʲô£𣡡ȥ뿪֮ǰ޼ɭɭ
޼硢ڰѪԨ桢ɵˣڰգһ˴ɷģΪڴ½֮ǿħԼش½ģ
ת˲ʧȥ


1413 ½ǿ
ĳƬǹ֮С
ûеأҲû죬ֻпռǺӡ
һǵĹҫͻȻ˺Ǻӡ
ΪһâǺ֮г֣ӡ
΢΢ӣˣû뵽Ǻ֮˾ˣҲҪܵС˻ǵһλ磡
ǰΪӣŶʮģӢҲһ˿ʣǿգûһ˿˿ЦݣԭסЩʵķߣߴλȥλ磬ҪŬա
СԴհʲôŴɽСܸˣٹ⣡
ҲǿߵģĳҲãһԹ
ڴһ壬ǰȻһްԡ
Ƹ㵱ʱǵɱâ֪Ǻη˽԰㲻ǰڡ
⡢治֪ʱһɱ;𺳣ƺڼ¼֮Уδ½ɱܺϽ磬СĲ֪˱Ȼ֪顣
һɱĳһ֪ͥЩˣӦ֪ɱжҪɣ
غͥ
ǰǹغͥһͨ½
Сˣ
ƸϽȭ
ɻʵˣ½޺嫣Ѱһ
λѻ֪ҪҵҲ£֮ǰĳλѸֶΣɣ
ᡢӢɫ΢΢һ䡣
û뵽ͻȻͷʥ⣬ʥ֮УһźںĶ
ĳ
ƸǷš
ǺںͻȻ˶˲仯Ϊһֻһ߳һĺɫ
Ƹ⡢ǡɿ󡯣
ɲһɿ󣬶ǾĴڣԲԣӾԺɫ˵ˡ
ɫɿ󡯾һɨһЩɵԣɱģôһò£ȥ˻㲻ٺô
û뵽ƸɿȣһֻɿҲ˶Դ˵
ӡƸÿͿģһֻСˇNɪ
Ȼȥ
Ƹ໴ɿȻЩڴǰɱںϵĺܣ

û뵽δ˶ˣһŭ֮£Ƹѹõ¹
󡢴ˣ޷ֵȫڲ
ֻɿ󻺻Ư𣬾һߣҲߣ͸ӣȻҾͽɱˣ
ǣҵɱҪæƸ͸һλᣡ
ҵˣߣʲôмְˣҪɱɱиӦ֪½ɱжҪ궼ѰѰұʲôأ˵һң㸵Ҳʧ
ţ
ס
̽̽·ҷλɿ󻺻ƯߣһһС
ˡ
µƸɿȥһǺӣվС򸵳ʵʲô
ĪȥУеʱ򣬴Ѱƶûʲôֵĳʱκδ޷УɿִڣȻܳʱǶһ޶ģ
ҡˣ
֮ҶﲻĴڣɿǰҲֻǿƽƽؼҪҲò
˽Ƭ̣ƸֻС󣬸Ϊɵ
ǶҲɿȥһеǺ֮ɢκη籩ʯ޷ʮ֮ڡ

ʤݡ
Ϊǿʩչͨɱ½˷֮ǧﺣ򣬲ǶǴ
ɼʤΧֶѻûΧභλɱʤ֮⡣
ŴĹƴѾˣֻиǴ½ǵ󣬴ʱʱɱһﾪ˽⣬ڴ½Ϸգܼռ顣
Ϊǣʤݽ֮һߣЩ֮£һֺѾ绯һ㣬Ϊʯ֡
ÿһһҰݡҰͳͳ·ʯһ㣬ٴѾһƬʯκΪʯ
ҲܵӰ죬һЩϢҲʯ
ڲ½߿գһЩִߡŴʱʱ׹䣬ΪЩǿҲʯΪʯʧȥƣ׹ء
ǿ߾һĻԲ֪ںӦԣֻһ㱻ʯ֮ʿʱʱ˻Ϊʯ
ɱˣ
ʥǿߣ
ʤݼ󷽴½
ΪλһδιƣΪʯͻȻʤֽŻң޷ӦԣŴƴȳ롣
λֱɱΧ´нƣһλǿߣɱ֮С
ʱһЩǿѲߣǽӱɱһѿӣԴīǿߴɱ
ִߡŴһǿߣʥɱȻǾš


1414 ʯ
ӺȻɳʿ󲿷ֶǾŴӣҲִߡ
԰˷ɢ޾ۼǿߡ
ж٣
һ˲ͳˣ
˶һͳһӡͷųޱȰԵɱոɱһٶʥǿߡ
ϧЩǿߣ
ʥ̶ôǿ󣬿һٶ˸ոɱ˺ϻ֮˲䣬ʥ˾ͱûˡ
ɱĺãɱĺãԭʥҲûд˵֮ǰ£ҵ֣һлɱϰˣ
ۼǿߣ֮ʥǿһͳͳʥûд֮ǰǿ
Ȼ
ڽ֮⣬һʥŮӣ龰ʼץһƿӣͷԪ
û뵽ϹԪһƿնֽʩչ綾ҲͶȥ½ߣϣ˿ʼͷšƳ桯
ǣ
ʥŮӸ֮󣬴żɵ߶ƿ
ƿðһɺ̡
վȥ֨֨û뵽֮УȻһָϸСѪɫֵĹƳ档
ЩƳЩëë棬ٶȷǳֲǴӽ붫ʤݣһɲǼɻʿ
ͬʱʤݲ⣬ʥǿͷŰƳ档
ڲգ
Ŵ䣬ֲһˣΪﵽɾĴڣ
һǰɰ
ȻǾۼ֮ϣϷǷһ˫˫ͫٵطλɱ
ͻȻ˵ǹʯ̫ˣ޷ԤҲ֪δô֮ǰʮڣҲɱλǻɱ֮ڣһʱˣ
λ䡢ǴƷϴÿ˴ʮˣ֣ǷֿжĿֻһɱÿһݵĵˡ

ɣȡϹע뾪˷
ʮϢ֮󣬵ÿһ鹬ͷͬϢ֮˷ȥ
ҵҲ׼λ߽֣һȡ
޵
Ƴ󷽴һ
ʱһִߡ
Щɶǿ޵ĿߣǾӢ²ٻ޼ҲžֶΡ
ӺܸˣҲɱǣΪǵҪԣȲ϶ʤݵıԴ
磡
ʮ⣡
ХͻȻһս죬ʮ𿪣ǽս˲ڸ߿ջΪ棬ɱǴںХ֮еĺ֡
ͻӵս죬ɱں֮ԹŵǿΧǻ濪ʼա
ҡ
ȥɣ
ͻ뿪֮ʣȻͷųӡ
ӳڴ֮ܵʣһһ飬ʯЩ
û뵽Թšں֣֮ջ޷սʤͻӣͻҲδսʤ
ջͻӸǿһЩ
Ϣ
ͻ֮ϣֵ۹ǿ߻ϣǿɱҪʧڲռ䡣
쵽ˡ
׺֮УһЩϢƿն
׺붫ʤкܳһξ룬ҲѾˣ˷½
һӰɳ桢𡢰Ħ졢ӡ޼ߡΪס
Ӱ֣Ǳ½ǧǿߡ
̤˶ٶȷǳˡ
Ҳڴ˿̣ͻȻ֪ͨ棬ƺǰʲô֡
ںӦظӦ֮£Խǧ֮⣬𽥿򣬺ȻһЩ޹ַӻ
濴𣺡д·һຣڳ붫ʤݣں֮
ͷƣһᣬ棺ֵ۹ʩչʯǿ߲òˣΪ
ʯ
ǿ߽𺳡
ʯ̫մȾ֮󣬿ʼʯԿΪֲǡʯȻˮˮҲʯƬ󺣣ʼ˷һʯ
ܣо綾Խʯ
εȾ綾
ǰδλѵֲ˹ܣ
Ħ졢ǿߣҲľսͷë
ٹȥ
һ̤˲ռֻһĨӰ
ǿ߷׷׸ȥ
أ
ԼϢ
ǧ֮⺣춼Ǻִ
ƶһЩڰշУԹҲȲѣ
غգغҲڿ
ǡ
ԹŴϰź󷽺ͻǰ֮⺣һƬơ
֮дϢ޼
Թź𾪣ں֮һӴ뵱Ŵκһʵһˣ
ƬӿƬĻ˳Ļǿ䡣
ں֮ΪˣͷΧٺ֣Ӻ󣺡뵣ģڣǧǿɱ
桭̣ԹЩţϾڰٻĴ½棬ҲŶã
ѣһ쾳


1415 
û峤˽棬漸ֶ꣬ΡʵƷ޳ңҲڶˣ֮ǰԭãѰ֣Ҫչذꡣ
ֻں֮Թţߣ㿴֮ǿߣɾŴжٲࣿ
ڰٻĴ½峤֮ǰнСѾͷдŲɱСӣ
ǡ
ˣں֮Ǵ֪жֶΡ
ˣ
ֹϢ
һֳ˷ˣǿнԶʤǷ磬һ顣
Թһ˫Űͫ뺮նҲں֮ӭȥҲ
漰ʱʧأ
˫ڸ߿棬ͷֶٴˣ֮ǰɱʣһ
ʧ
ں֮̾Ϣֵ۹ս֮꣬ǰǻܱƣֵ۹ʯ͵ϮʯǶûκһԵֵ
ǰԹšں֮񣺡ʯǰֲ
Թһе㲻ˣƷ磬εȾ綾ûУ꣬󲿷־綾ҲʶȴմȾ綾ҲԶһЩٲ˲Ȼֵ۹ʯ̶ֲȣ־մȾϣҲϢ֮ʯ
ں֮صֲ죬ҺǧʯתǰƬˣ
ǿ棬ں֮ԹԽ
ǧ׸߿ոȥ֮⣬붫ʤݺܽƬ򣬷·Ϊ½
һƬɫ½Ҵ½֮ϣ·վһǿߡ

Ǿ޹֣Ǿʿڻɫ½֮ϡ
Ϣ䣬ûܿ
ĦͻȻ桢ԼǿߣҲʯ
ǰ޼ߣҲ̲סΪ֮ݣλֶѳϣôɱȥҲռƣʯҵ취ƣǻܵشƻδֽǿ߽֣˻Ϊʯ񣿡
˱˴˺𵴣ʯ³̶ȣѳܼԦ߶ȡ
ȻԹȴʱʱɨ޼ߣں֮УǺˣΪξЩϤ
˵ԹţΪǰһĻ𺳣Ҳ취ζԸʯ
ں֮ԹȥȺ֮УҲ޼ߣôϤˣ
಻ʶǡû뵽޼ߣһ仰תȥȺ֮
˾ԹŸΪɻں֮һࣺܾе죬㲻𣿡
ղŵһ۸оİڶ࿴ۣȷеϤеʶ޷ͣҺ̤˷½ȥǺܾ֮ǰ£ʶƴУһŴǰڣ
ܾеֵֹģ
һ㣡
ǰ
һЩʯϢջǲ
ں֮ͻȻ棺Թһɱȥʤݣ˶ʱ룡
ҪԮ֣λǰȻòû뵽Ҫɱȥ⵱ȻǴ¡
룬˭뵽ǰɴӿ
мշ
ͷŸӦָ־ϲ
ΪСŮȴϢĺ־ţϴ峤ˣ֮ױ֮˫ͷȻʮ԰ٻĴ½캣Ĵ
ױ֮
˫ͷ
峤Ʒľͷˣ
ǧӭȥԼ㣬ױ֮ΪһӣһŮһ
Ů峤
˫ͷȻǱӴޱȣ룬δûΡ
Թšں֮ӭԼǿߡ
û뵽ţһۣϢ޵峤ǰͿ񣺡ʥˣ
ʥ
ò˺İ氵ߴңԭڰٻĴ½֮⣬඼峤Ϊʥ
֮꣬˶֪Ĵ࣬Ҳʥ𾴣˶Դ
峤͸ŮǰӺݣֶһ˿˿Уţ棬ʵҲ̫ˣҲ޼䡢䣬ʩչҲ޼۷壬ʵɾ۷壬ϴμǰʵȻԱ߲ż꣬ǿ󣡡
ţָϽӦܣұ𸣵캣ˣⱲӱȻڻ𸣵֣֮˵ǺҲǿ࣡
峤Сδսս
㡭
峤ƺҪС¶Цݣĸģѵֻˣ䵱ǲعأ˽뿪ٻĴ½ץסĸƤǶĸͷá

Сһһӳ峤红ӻصĸ׻
û뵽԰ٻĴ½ƽ׽ˣ
ҶҲĹأȥ˻Ĵ½Ȼܻӭ
ǿǣ˭濴֮ԼԹŵȵȴ


1416 оʯ
Ϥĺ峤ĸ֮žۣλòԼ۾
棡
˫ͷ󲿷ִ峤ſ棺ոʥ̽зħҲ֣ίʵȻϢӰҵͨӣҲޱȰ磬ҲƷͬƷʷзҲҪһҪ࣬ǶǴԿʥͷŹƳ棬Ƴ̫аרųԵʮϢɱһ޼ɾǿߣ
ױ֮ΪһӣƤǳĺڣĲߴ֮кۣȴͷźǱȳˣˣں˵ҪٴɱʤݣǼҲҪһɱȥʴ˱֪ûаնԸλ
ûУ
һĿ۶
˲²⣬͵նش
һʱڴԼǿ߽¶顣
ͣȱģҶ˽⣬˱ȻĶԸλǿߣ
˫ͷԶһͷ­˵棬а취ʱͱˣһ¶⣡
ڸĿ⡢£һЦһδӴֵ۹ʯʯǿʩչϻ֮ԸλĿǰصӦǿʯҪȿʯδһҵư취ǾͿλǿɱֺϻ֮ɱλǿ߲£
峤ɲһŮۣǾͳˣ޷ûΣʱŴҳˣ󷽣ξ֣̤ݣ
ء
˫ͷ췢
Хʼ롣

ǧǿٴ桢ں֮ױ֮Թš峤һǿߣմŰԵƣϱƽʤݡ
ɳ
ڼһЩʯ֣һ𱻵һ㣬ںˮ֮С

ЩʯΧˮҲѾʯ̡
ǧǿԶԶһĻǾ̾
ڰյţȥǰʯζƣ
󺣶ʯ̣
εȾ綾
ʾͣ£ոշߣͷҲȥ벽ʮǰ򣬽ʮﺣѾΪɫ½
Ŀ֮£뼸ǿ⺣Żããʯ򡢺֡ͷٶȱ
Լɫʯʮ֮Թš峤Ҳ̤벽
ֻܿ棬ڻʯٶȲ̫ˣʮϢһˮʯ
ƺһȻʯ
ںϸӦظӦ֮ͶŶȥ
ڳǾͷ۸ӦȻһʵҲеɾΪˡ
ظӦ֮״̬£ޣκʽԻΪһɫ潥ʯ档
ʯ֮ѳΪһֻɫʯʱ޷ʲôߡ
ʱ䲻ƣӦ͸ЩʯʣڿЩɫʯʯĳЩطͷһɻɫ綾ǿңֻһ˿˿ɫ˿ࡣ
ֻɫ˿߾綾ˣһɲһ˿˿
ͷǽԵȴţҲͷŸܲѰʯ
һȻ棺ˣ㿴ڻʯˮ֮Умһɫ
ţɫɰ
Ҳˡ
ںˮ֮Уʯʯмһɫɰ
ɰɳӻҪϸС΢ǸӦǲܿġ
˸Ӧ£ЩɫɰˮȻһЩЩɳ˲ճϣЩﲻϢʼʯ
˵ǣʯͬʱΧˮҲʼʯ˽ຣˮ㻯Ϊʯ㣬նγɴʯ档
ʯ̣֯
ɫɰʯһ˿˿ʯˮһ֯úˮʯ
ˮʯ̣Ҳϰ£綾̫ˣˮ˰磬ҲҪʯԵֵѪӲκξ綾ɶʯҲûжٰܻ⣡
ҲǶʯ˽һּ֣Ӧˮʯ̡
Ȼ䣬һͨ㣬һɶ೤ûԣʯˮǰ֪в
һ̣湲ͬӦ״̬Уһʯɰ㣬ɺˮ
һˮʯɰڣ桢ո˫ͫһ㾹˲ʯںˮ֮лΪһʯ㡣
ֹ֮࣬ȥʱٺʯʯںˮҲ̶ʯ
֪ˡ
ת뼸ͷ棬Ҷڴż
ɪɪʯǳ֮ЩҲԵһȻϢڵʣʯΪһ˵ۣǸӦҲԷֵϸ΢ʯɫɰϢϢȻɢû壬ʯᱬǱڣʯ˲俪ʼʯ
ԭˣ
ʯԭ
Ǹֲ֮ǰǶԿʯ޴֣ԭʯȻ֮УԭȻ֮оʣʿҪЩʾҪֻҪʯڿռ֮УŲʱʿ룬ȱʯʼʿ
ͷǽǻȻߣдǱӾʯ


1417 ʯ
ʿͨ泬Խʯֿ´ڣȥ֡
ʯڣᱻʯ⣬ʯпֲ֮ʯ̺ϢʣҲʯղӦںϣ֮ǰŪˮΪλʯ
Ҳ׹ʱֽңҵ𰸣ԭˮ֮Уûʵˮ̺֮ϸ΢壬ʯЩϸ΢ӡ㿪ʼںˮ֮ʯۡӦʯֱʯˮʵʯˮ֮Щٽˮʯ
⡭
ں֮˫ü罣ü֣ԭֲˮҲʯ⡢Ǻã
ױ֮ҲߵĺȵλӦҲǴ󺣱һ֮Դˮ̺֮ޱȷḻƷ½棬ʯʯκ壬Ǿ˵ȥƷ󺣽ԻᱻʯƷ粻ֻʯ֮ķأ
ף̺ȷӲʯͿʯάֶãҲֻʯһκ򣡡
ǲ֪ױ֮ͻȻҡҡͷʯ֮дʯʱܶ˹ȥæǸոմȾʯЩˣҲʯȾϢ仯Ϊʯʯ᲻ϴȥƷ˷ӣٶȣư֮Ʒ罫ûд󺣣ֻ½أ
ûƷҲͻˣ峤Ҳһ
ϵܣǰļңô󺣾Ϊ½أżˣŴСǰš
˺ް취ʱ߬ȭͷĿǰص㲻ǶʯȶԸλǻܣʯƷطȶԸλ취ʯ˵󣬽ⷽǧʯӡ
ã
һͬˣûԥҲû˶ੲݡ
ȴһᣬǧǿǰϡ
˴Ӵʱʼ̤ǰʯ򣬾ͲκοռϢΪռϢ֮вʯʯһУԷֱ棬ڣЩһ˲ʯ
ͷԪÿ˶
ͬʱǧǿߺѹѹӿٶȣϾʤݡ
ʯգ˲֪ʯֲ֮źˮһʯκʡ
ֽȥҵҲڿռ֮УֱʯǴʱҪһͬûģ̺ܽʯΧһҪһ㣬һռڣҲΪռ޵ģѰǰɣܿʧȥϢ

ǧͷţ𡢰Ħ졢ӵǿ߳棬ΪһӡϢͻΪһպøǧס
ǧڣһͬԦǰһʯϿգÿϲģΪʯռȻʯ綾
ʱҲǷǳаգԶԸʯ棬һ̶ٻЩ
ڵ֮һ󷽺ˮʯûһ仯һǿҲûκⷢҲɿ
ÿǿ߶ûкֹͣɣڽϢһȻϢ޷ڡ
Ϊǧףǧ׿ռκϢ赲ʯ綾޷ǿȻûΣա
ȫʯϿգҰ·һͷͷʯڻɫ֮еĺ֡
ɫʹ࣬ʯ֮ţϧûһԶС
ں֮ױ֮Թš峤Լʮһ۾ʹһΣͬ塣
ʯѴﵽ֮ⷽǰֵ۹Ժս򣬻ɫʯҲвʬ屻ʯ
ʱڲǰգռ䴫λ׼ͷһ⣬ΪռʯǾ޷һ˽֣ͷһ˿һ˿޷ָҪ
˷׷׷·ڤ״̬һ緲ˣûͷ˿ϢʤƯȥ
붫ʤݻжʮͻȻз֣ϴ󣬷ǳ֣㿴·Щʯ棡
˺濴ȥ·ɫʯ棬ʯʿ֮Уһξ룬ʬδȫʯʮʯ棬ʮʬ塣
ʬ壬ȻûбʯʯʯٶȺܻ
һͷ
峤⿴ңЩʬֵ۹ʿ֮ǰɱ
ĦüͷʾǿߣΪƷʿԻΪʯֵ۹ʿȴֻʯ
ʯֵ۹
˿̣޼ߣһ仰ɫ䣺ֵ۹ʯһ˽ʯʬδʯĳ֣ʯ綾ʣ
𴷴ȭͷǻֵܴ۹Щǿʬ壬ҳʯӣ
ȴ뿪Ȼ֮вʯҶԽʬռ
浱ϣһͷƣ˵·ɳ


1418 ִҲͷ
֮⣬Ȼ뵽գһʤݣضô嫣ȻڵĶʤݣϿװıըͣ½ڲҫֻâ½𶯡
ٿҲƣҪֹĺڰ֮С
ಣ
ǿͷŶΪһ
˲ɫʯ棬һͽһʿʬ봢䡣
ڼȴǿǣжڷ΢仯
˿ֲʯڳʿ˭ȥ֮⣬ּδܵʯӰ죬ҲٴμʶĲ
㣡
ص֮У˾ۼ滹ͷһ磬ʮ߽ʿʬͷų
һһλʬ壬нһʿֽſʼʯȴأʣʿʯӰӡ
ӵھ̾Ȼˣֵ۹ǿ߲ʯӰ죡
һͷȲʣĳڿʯ
ŶĿ⣬ٴͷһʿҲͷŸӦ
Ӧ״̬£ܿմȾһʯʬ壬һڿʯһơ
ĳȻȻųʯϢΪνʿδʯԭΪơ
ͷǽԷһ㣬ȡһƣִʯ֮УһѪ⡣
æ߶ƣȴܵų⣬Ҳ֪Ǻԭ
ȴ׼Ԧ
ڴ߶ԼѪ⣬Ϣ
ˡ
ϢƾʹųմȾʯѪϢֻ
ƣųʯۿ̣ǻȻ
û۵賤һҡͷϧ̫٣ʮ飬ҲãǧϣǴ߶ƣɴɱȥ
ĪżʮƣȻʮǿߣɳȻ
Ȼ򶨣ֻֽȡ¡
ں֮ױ֮Թš峤桢ţ֡Ħ졢ӵһһơ
ˣһˣ뿪ȥȻ֮УȻǻǲȻϢ
ٴμԦնȥ潫һЩմȾʯʬգ¼û˿ʯĽʿʬ塣
һɶ޼ΪɾֻһˣҲһ顣
ϴδӰ¹һֵ۹ʬ壬Ҹɣ֮ǰܼԦʮƣǿѪϢӵֵ۹ǿߵԼ
ʼͷѪɫ࣬ǿʬ壬һǿ
ʤݺò׵Ĵ󣬾Ȼ󲿷ֿʼ
ʮ
£֮һͷпʤݡ
ݴ½Χѱ綾ʯɱʬ塢ǿ߳Ϊʯ
½Χãã򣬾ڷ֮Уһ
ٿ½Χǵ󣬽ʵʱʱ½֮⣬Щջɱ󲿷λɱݺ֮С
½ðңγͬһֲգҪ½û
賤ߣδʤǱɱ̫ңӳ˼ټ
׼
ٴ½
ã
һƽ
ݴ½ΧһЩŴǿߣʿ޲ʥ̡ħɱ
˵ոߺ
˿ΧʮգʯҴϿգһǧ嫶һĨơ
ǿĪ֮ǰЩǿߣɱˣ
֪߲ͨ㣡
ܶʿ𽥳֣Ǳ
ܿд֣оŴ߲㣬绪ƽҲУҲвš
ǡ

Ŵ߲㣬Լһִߣڲ𺳡
ߡ峤ȷɱˣ
С棬ԼӳȥЩǿߣ
һǿʿڴ߶ƣӦ֪ͨ½ڲ߲㡣
棿
ȷʧ꣬ȡɱΪͱλնɱû뵽ֳ֮ˣ
һЩţͲİϴδ֮Уõɱ£˲֪
գʹߣٶҵݺǿУ
ʲô
ЩţУʿǿС
Ϸ桢ֽݣܶǳ֣
Ϣ֮һЩ߲ͷ⣬Χʿ

嫶ŴִԼǿߣֻŴϷҴһӷ롣
ոڲգڲǧǿȻ
û뵽ʤΧ󲿷ҲѾʯɭ֣һһʯ֮Уûһ䣬ʯʯĻɫʯ
ΪֲǣЩػǻʯУŴʯ֮ʿʯ
ٿһҫۻ⣬ڲ顣
κսܿƷʿȥ
棡
ǰͻȻǧǿߡ
оŴǿߣҲִߣдӰ˷½ʿ


1419 ħε
˿̣һͬԪһߣ֮󣬵ջΪΰ
־
ִƿصĴ½
ͨԪ񵱿ͷԪλѣڴʱɱݣҵһͬԸǿУԻӭǵϣλɱ룬λԽЩӢҪɱ֮£Ŀݴ֮£һλڵĵıԴʧȥ鱾ԴʤƷҪΪɳ
֮ǰնԹһʹϣǴӳλܣһ̿ʼǾˣλɱƷ磡
û⣡
֮ڣױ֮Ӧ
ҲûȻҲûп
ϣǾɱȪɽǵԪ˲ʧ֮С
氵ЦˣҪģִ˻Ӳţ
֪һͷţ˼Ԧǰ
֮УܼЩʿʱʱʯ׹档
ִˡŴʱݴ½κʿжǧж׷ɱħʥֵ̡۹ǿߡ
˼ԦԽգΧʯҲһڲ죬ɴ½
ħǿߣ
ԽգȻٶȣǰоŴԼǧʿΧɱħǿߡ
ʼͷɱҲԴ
ϤһħϢ
ϱƽ¶һ˿⡣
ЩŴʿһ˼ԦӦõõ߲֪ͨû赲ɱ
֮пħ֣ڿһħʬħʬſֲ綾ʵҲﵽ޼۷壬ǳֲ
ħʬմȾҲᱻħɱ
Ȼһָϴ󣬵ȷ˰㿴ħǿ֮УǸǲɳ½֮⣬ħεˣɳ½ǿߣħε
ħε
ȥǧԾŴΪΧɱ֮Уħǿ߿ħʬͷħȷݲ˿
һߵȷħε
Ųаһǿߣȴӻʼ½룬Զȥɳ½
һħε
ħεǰޱǿ賤ͬȾͷĴͷɳ½һδ׷ɱһˡ
֪ΪΣħεʧˡ
񿴵ħεȻԪħ½ħ¡
ȥħεʵҲ޼۷壬賤һ̶ʱʵͻͽ
賤ʵԶħε
ڡ
󷽣ʿˡ
ȻħεԹҲڴ˽ᣡ賤ͻȻǿ߲δ֮ɱ
ɳ½㣬ȻħεйԹ
ڳһ֣
ΧħǿΧЩ֣賤ٶԵò֪롣
һԺǿߴ󾪣û֣ϤԭǶʤţ賤
Ư𵴣˿ǿʰħǿߣ
ԭ㣬賤
ʿԥƬ̣ѡ˺
賤Ծħǿ߽ɱۣ֮Уħεյһ۾ϳ賤Ϊ
ƺû뵽賤档
賤һƬħɷǰɳ½֣˭ҲκβöԷҽҪնڽ£
㣿ǰñʤִѹܻųͲˣҽ֣տɲħεֵףħǿߣʵͳԽ꣬ҪɱңҪն㣡
ಣ
ħεһȻŭٿħʬ˳ħ賤ħ
ǵɾҲħ
ϸϸһħʬչҲǿߣħɱȻаַΪħʬ

ʱħɷ綾Ϊǧףûħǰ賤ֵ̫һᡣ
賤΢΢һٿȻһ
~
ɱһɷС

һɱУħɱ֮ʣֱħ
ħһƬǣһǧħȻһƬգ賤£һֶ
㡭
ħεɴӣ˲䣬֮ħʬǰ
תħǿߡ
ӣ
ħʬпѪ֮ʣ໵һҽУԽħʬѪ˲ɱħε󱳡
Ǳҽ֮󣬿Ʋδնȴ˷֮ڿҲ޷վ
賤Ȼϲ֪ǰʵҲ࣬ʮҲ賤֣
㡭
ħεѪһ֣ûȺħǿߣͻȻǺһѪҲûκζ
ɱɱɱ
ħǿ߲ٿħʬͳͳ賤ɱ
ħʬħҲ֮Ҳž綾еħʬͷŷ
ǿ߼գҲһЩħ治򵥣ħʬƳɿһ㣬ӵͨϷһ
Ħҡͷħʬȷھ֮£κͨҲвİԵɰɽӣ


1420 賤չֲʵ
ɰɽӣ
󣬷׷ױĦ仰
ֶ汧ȭǲȥ֣
ֶ棬һɨˣ賤޼ͻƵɾʵʮֹɶԸɾͷϿռҪɱЩʵ޼ɾħǿߣ⣬ħҲ޷κ
Ȼ
һ̣ǧǿ߽¶ɫ
֮⣬ħǿɱ賤
˲ûлرܣɱȥħʬռ䣬˺ȻƣµͷҲܡ
賤ͻȻڹɱ˲䣬ʧ
ǧ׺󷽣ħǿ߻ڿħʬԼ֮УٿȻһۡ
ÿһ֮һǼħնΣħʬҲ顣
ħַӦѾ޷׽賤Ӱӣֻͬ䣬޷ںδ
ݺħɷ֮УӰȥ٣ǽƿ֮ʣһħǿ֮ʱ
˱ɱһЩħʬ޷ƣжħͬҲϲá
ԶԶħɱһħǿͬͷӬⷽһͷĪǾǶʤݣ֮пռ
Ϊִ˸߲㣬ޣȷǿڶʤݣֻԺִ˸߲㡢ӢУδգŽ֮󣬿ڿռȥ磬ҵҲйʼ޷ռӡǡ
һǿȻ𾴣Ŷʤݴ󲿷ֽϽйأϵ˿ռͨǰ۷壬Ҳκ
Թš峤ں֮ױ֮죬ϾǿΪ
Ȼ賤ȴͨԽռ䡣
̲ס֣ˣڲһˣƷıжˣ賤һң
Ҳ˷ܿΧǿߣ˴Ǳ½˷½Ҳֻ龳ʵ˰ֶͨ죬ôǿߣƷҲӦȡŴִˣ
Щ濴޶ԡ
ʵʱκˣ˽Լӵо
ûλ罵Ʒ磬ǰ޼ڣûжࡣ
ȫɿκһ
桢ţ֡賤𡢰Ħ졢ӵǿߣκһ˽ѹһʵ
һƷ紳
ݣ
ǰħɷѪ֮УǽۣӰɱռ䡣
ħǿ߰˰ˣЩħʬ賤ʱ⴩Խռûһڡ
ΧЩִΪǿߣǿ賤չֳʵñ󷢺
ҲͰһаħʬҲΪ֫⣬賤ӽ֮лûΧǿռ侧ӡ
ִⷽǿ֮У賤ƣֹסӡɱ˲ӵе賤ĪӵгԽʵ
ˡ
ţִűƣɨһۣ桢ɳ磬ƿ賤
£ﾹȻ߶컯賤նЩħǿʬ壬羨Ϻ븹С
ҲڴִǰԽɱȪɽǷ
ǧǿû˿
ƺ룬ɱǧˣһ˾ɱħǿߣкεȿֲֶΣ
賤ɱħǿߣص֮Уû·һ
ﵹǱһ٣ʿʬ壬ʵȻֻһء
ԼĪʱ
;Խããʤݴأǧǿδ֣ҲöԸλǿߡ
Ժҿ쿴
ͿȪɽؽ硣
Ȼ㵿󷽡
һ˲ɿȥǧ֮⣬Ƭչջâ
Ħ֮ȻعԺֲû뵽ǱλɱţƷ˷ǿƷ磬Ҳǧǿߣ޷ѹλ
ԺǾŴ֮УΪǿĴڡ
հҲüɵ
ϧʱ˿֮£ܰλԺػˡ
ּǰŻǧܽȪɽѿżǸ߿գдʯں϶ɵ߿գһƬճаռڶ
Ǻڶһߴľɱ׹⣬ƺһ׹ɱ
ǡ
ĿڶһĻƺǵȻ
𾭲סһɨھͷӦǶʤ̩ݣΪǿʵҲǳԺĴڣ죬ץ£ټ̩֡
̩𣿡
ŶʤݣҲִΪǿĴڣ
һᵽ̩
ڳ˼󲿷ֶ֪Ϊ֮ɫ䣬ڳ
ԦǰȻǰһƬƬʯʯʯȻ죬ȥҲ޷ʯⳡƽ١
һЩʿǱ֣еʯʯ
𵴣գԽǿʬԽǾˣܶʬΪҲߣڶ쾳컯


1421 ҷ
ǰʿԽԽ࣬ɼѻΪܷմ
ָ֮ɱâΪ¯ܲȻյò飬ֻƷȻ֮ϡ
ԶԶ绯Ϊ¯˸ܵƣ賤Žü֮ǰڴ½֮⣬󺣷پǹƣλ̫ͨ£λȫȻ޷ѹƣգ
棡
˼Ԧ磬ǹɻ񷣬Լʿһξ룬˿̴ǰգȻӰ
ԭơͷԪ־

֮
ƾⷽȭܼʱɱһ´λλӢǿߣԾۼڻǿһˣʮɱԨ򣬾ƷıԴϣλɱ
Ӧ⣬ǾԼŬ
賤쿪ʼȻһӣͻȻһĿ⣬֮е賤
賤ȴû˿˿ݡ
÷Ң֣·ҵΧɱʮλǿߣͷλ
Ԫ־ɲʧ
ת˲ջַһȺˡ
ֻʮˣΪԭǷҢҲִ˾ͷλҪ
Ӵ˼ʰдǵִˣʵ˭ִ֪˻᲻ᰵˣֶΣ
˿ɲǰŴִˣǱıԴҵģŪ棬㣡
ڳִеˣ˭ԸΪ
Ңʱʮǿ߶ִʮˣԾŴ޼۷Ϊ
֣λҢ黶ӭˡ
ˣֻӦһ䡣
Ҳδ绯ȥڲʮַȥû뵽ܶʿʯʯ
λλΪݣʩչʯħʬƳ棬ɱҰʿĪҪϢϢ֮вʯһ̣û뵽ҢǺˡ
ҲǶԶʤݹĿ࿴
Χ½ʿ̫ˡ
ǵ磬ϢˣʮʿҢܣĿǰʿȪɽ룬ǰ˷Χɱλ
ʱŴִ߲ߣʿһƴɱͨҪѹơ
ΧͽǰЩѣֱɱڲڲλߣλӢҷӢҲڲ
ҢҲ˲Χơ
˵꣬ʮɱһձٳһ϶С
Ҳ߶󣬽ǿ𿪣ռһɽ˽ǰΪΡ
ȻҲյؽ̡žž飬ûλǿߴ߶ԦڴءԷա
½Χپǹɻһ¡
ǧǿҲһ̣λ뽻棬ջһྪˣԽƬգǰһ޴ֵͨ۹ɱ
۴ʮ𣬶Ǹߴɣɺ޼۷塢Լһֵɾͷ߷
Χʮʿ󷨹ǿߴ߶ͨۡ
ϣ
ǿ߸ооƳ֣׷׿ҢԼǧƿǵ硣
˿̣Ȼʮʿ֮УӦϤϢ
賤ͻȻЦͨʿƳһִӳֻصʤݣִ˵ͷ⸱³ǻã
ЩͶִˡ
ǿҲʮʿ֮Уһ֣Ҳմӳǿߡ
ҼǴŲм֮ɫǵͬ߹ˡ
ˮīޡϧˡ
淢Ҳŵˮīޣүүͨʿͷ˶ԸǿС
ˣ治١
ƺַһЩ
ҢˣǧǿԽΧʿƽһۡ
棿
ûȷ棡
ʿ̲ס¶𺳡Ŀ⡣
Ң˵ȴƬ̣켸ǰ
棡
һŮӣҲͷƻΪ
Ůӣȣȭ
ԭؾŮ
浱꼸ӴҲһЩ
ǹĿ࿴һӲţȻˣôǿߣʲôˣֻ˵ɺֶԸλ
ֻæΪƷһӣܲܰװ׿ⷽΪ棡
Щÿ£ɶ£أҲһδ߲㣬ȥΪΪ£Ҳ޹ϸ𡣡
Ӧõǵˣأ
ң
Ҳû뵽ֱӽ˵⣬ѿڶ
Ƭ˻ش𣺡ѱλȻǨƷ磬δҲزǰǿ󣬶Ҷԣ㲻ǵˣ
ЩοƷ֮УҲֻ㡢¹Ⱥˣ࿴
ѣӭһ֣
ȴҢ֮ʣǧڸʮʿϷƯš


1422 Ϊ
ҲǼ˵ЦʱűӣҲһࡣ
ղַɸʤ꣡
ΧᾫӢ١
ǰһӢš
һƳԭǲ¡
֣
һԱߣվһ飬ԭ᳾
򵺴½Сص̣ŵı
᳾ǿѪԨ棬Ҳѹ
ǿɲѣǵˡ
֣
һ糱ˮӿ
סӺ컯ɡ
ȻЩŽ֪治һʵڣ˺Ǵǳûݷ棬飬ϵǰҫԼнʡ

ǰҲûӦһ֡
Ի½Żף񣺡֣ȥ
ǰ˸͡
Ǻ죿
ȻôţδԻΪ߲ľӢһЦӭû뵽澹ĮȻһȡ
һȣһƤ
پۣ
ֻȭתص֮Уȫڳš
ˣ
һšŮֻܻɢȥ
ǰǵҲڣɽӣҷۣЦƣס᳾ӡ
ѳΪȥ
ҢˣԴ˷ǰɱ񷡣
ٴθֵܵ۹֮ЩʿҲٶˣǧܣɱۡ
ʮҲͷŻ桢Ȼֵܶ۹ƣִһҲԶʱɱЩǿߡ
ԦʮͨǿߣǾŴǿߡ
ɱһݺʮ񷣬ҲֻǶֵ۹ơ
ͷŸӦԷִֵ۹ɱЩִͨⷽûж࣬ڤڤ֮УͷŻ棬ڿҷա
ֵ۹ֻˣԽЩʿҲٶˣȻִֵܵʮֹơ
Է֮ǹμѹȻϢҲѹⷽϻ֮
ܵѹƣ˿ֲλɱ붫ʤڲƷ޷Խλ
ͷŪףλĲ֮ͬ
Ңˣߵ񣺡λֵ۹ٶλߣסǣɢսҪɱ뽫ЩѹƣʱҪҳһѹֵ۹
⣡
û뵽ֱӴӦˡ
شҢԼʿԾ
ڶˣԲΪʱǿֵ۹ӲӲ
Ħи˷ζԸٶʿǧܣٶ˸Ϊ޼۷壬ɾʮˣʵӦöǵɾǵɾ۷壬ǱҪȫ
ⷬΪȷٶִֵܵʮ˹ƣεȲһֻȫԸ
һͷվ
ʾҿһЩٿ棺ǽζԸٶǿߣ
һ˫˫Ŀۡ£һЦȻƣȥԸǿУиϢߴңղҽռǼֵ۹ǿʬ壬ö컯һգλУԳΪҵҲһ֣ƷҲλҲһλǿֶΣʱǶǣٳԿ
컯ȷޱȣû뵽λǿʵҲһͬɣ
ÿһͷ꣬컯
컯Ȼ֪ġ
ʱ˿̣ÿһͷϢȻʧ
תҢȥ档
ãʮÿһƬռ䣬ǧ˼Ԧɱǰա
ҢǿΧȴš

ͷԪͨǧﴫڸϹȥԸֵ۹ٶǿߣܿھжǿ󣡡
һԪԺӿЩ˸ֶΣĲȥԸֵ۹ڿԣǾͰһƻж޷Ըֵ۹ûӺɱһֲҪ϶ɱ
ףҢס

ǧڽ磬Խһ޴ۣ
ۻɱֹƣΪֵ۹ɱĻϵƣһδײ
žžž
˽Χʼ飬Ҫȫ˲䣬΢΢ӡٴλΪһ塣
ʱǧִֵ۹ǿգ촦˫롣
ʱûĦ첻̾ǧ֣κһɾҲҪ飡
ͷ
Ȼ䲻˫һϣ
ΧǿϢӿΧռ䡣
ּ޵ؽںǧǿϢ޵ؾֵ۹Ƿǧˡ
ǾǻӡʹָգҪץ棡
ʮ
ǧܴͷһǿãҲʩչϻ֮ͷŻ湥ơ


1423 ޼ɱ
оͷԶһһ
ʱɱٻϵڰ֮Уʼ
෴ִǷϻ֮ƣγɺˣһ˾һˣٷջ
ɱǧǿߣڼԦռͨǰռܵƿأĳֶΣҷƣ
ֵ۹ⷽҲǿߺܿ쿴ߡ
ЩǿʩչһɱȥȻռпٽۡ
þƿؿռ飬취ǺãҷҲвǿۣ
֮Уƺ˳ɱƿռ䣬ƿܵӰ졣
濴ЩȻҲɱһӡ
·ǡ޼ժ֣
޼ڣһŴͨκͨͨУǾͨͨҲ᲻
޼ժ棬£ɱָӡ˳žžڸ߿ȥ
һɱһ˫顣
ûͷŸһνԷɣǵڣԿֶΣΪؽתƵռĺڶǺ֮С
˲һᣬ˾Ȼɱֵ۹ǿǰһǿߴɱԷע
ٰͷбƽԷʼԷϢӰԼ컯ڴ֮С
ڲǧ˽ԸоһϤİڿռ͸˸Ͻա
桢ţ֡ӵȰ˴ǿߣֵ۹總ɱɱȥΪ˷ɢֵ۹ע
䡭
ͻȻһǿߣֵ۹ڲɱһʸܲһ󸹣綾ʼϴ
Σգɱȥ
ǿֵ߳۹ɱһʸ
Ħһ׼ɱȥ
Ȼֻǰһ·ʲôˣǰԾơٶȿһ뿪
ϲҿ
˿磬ָһӰ
οո뿪ӰȻǰߡ
ڼʸ֮ǰǿ߾ȳһƣ㽫ʸ顣
ǿֵ۹ͨȻԵ޼һƣ͸ˡ
ಣ
ǿ߾Ȼɱʮܸ֣桢ţ֡ӵɱȥ
޼߽֮ͬͻԲԲ֮ɱ
žž
˸ոսǿ߽ӻش
⣡
˷ջ֮У޼ɱһƬռѣһչ𵴡
ⷽǿߣҲľ
Ϊ˵ǣ޼߾Χտֲ棬ڶռ֮о롣
˾ͿŵһĻǿռѺۣ·ޣȻС
ɲʲôޡ
޼ߣǿֶΣƿؿռ䣬λڶǺ֮С
ϲδֻ֣˵޲ɡ
û뵽ʵ˱̬
پͷʵΪ𺳡
Ҳǵһμ֣߳һֻãһ־˺ʵ
ʿӺɱ͵Ϯ޼ߡ
ɣ
̲סҪɱȥһ֮
ۣ
ûɱ硣
ͻȻһɹ޼ժ֣ػΪһ޴󣬺ɱոմֵ۹Ƿɱǿߡ
ˣ˲䱻ժֺɱΪ顣

λ
áɱúã
ͷ˷ܹƽ֡
Ħ켤ǿǿı̬һлɱλߣ⡢ʵ𵱽Ŵ䣬ҲǸһ֣û뵽֮Уһվ۷ǿߣ
Ϥǰһλˣ
ǰͷ֮У԰ٻĴ½峤ӭӯ˴Լ
ں֮Ҳã
֪λǰΪľ棬֪ΧͷԻҲ֪޼߾Ǻεݡ
ױ֮Ҳ˵޼չܾ£һֿݼšɽȻ޼ǿߣ޼ʿ˵زĪǰ
ϲȷꡭĦ벻ǿΧ
ǰ
Թ΢΢һžԶԶ޼ߡ
Īǡ

峤˵һ֣޼𣡡
޼
˷׷üͷ峤·֪޼˭
ӣҲ벻Ʒ磬һ޼ʿǿΪ޼ڡ
޼𣡡
֪賤ҡͷǹϣǰڴ˵˭ܻ
Թӷ·ĳ΢΢޼𣿶ˣֲôһʼһۣ;ʶӦ
Ȼ̫϶ҲܻɣϾ޼ǰžͱִɱܻ
ں֮Թţǡ
һ̲סһ޼˭
ҴӶʤݹż֮Уǰټ¼޼ڣǰ޼ʵԺ࣬кüͷʵﵽƷ۷塣
ûлشĬ֮УϾǰ˷ǣҪȷĳ£ҲҪһʱԼš


1424 ޼
賤ȴ˵޼в£ȻоԾͷ򣬳޼޼ڤ޼޼ڵ꣬Ͼͷ򣬱߻ҪǿĴڡ
˭˺档
һ޼˶֪޼ʥʵŴͬһ߶ȣǿһ֣껹ִ֣սغϲܡ
޼һǿߣ޼ڸ˳ơ޼𡯣ŴʵŴκһ䣬ͬʵҴʵжǿżҲδ޼ڱ޼ʥΧɱ޼Ҳʱ䡣
λͷ϶λߣǰ޼޼Ǿ޼ڵĸλڶɽ۷Ĵڣ£ЦȺۣ
һ˫˫ڴĿ£賤渵û˿ھ˵ꡣ
ɲǼ䣬ÿңǰɱʿڽڰ˵ߡ
޼
޼ڸ
һͷ
ȷۻˣԶʤҺ󱲣뵽ǰ֣
Թ̲סŹȲ޼޼ڸǵãǰ޼ڶʢһʱɢһͬԸִˣ޼ʥ޼ٻĴ½峤ͬԸִˣ棬ҵҲ۷ǿϧҲǹѲڣ
峤޼𻹻ţⷽӪɶһ𣬿濹Ŵ
ԭϲġ޼ո
޼𣡡
ҵͬǧ֪꣬ͷ
ǧǿߺ̾Ϣš
Ȼ޼ǰסֵ۹ǰߣλץλǰҲһͬϽ
֪޼ݣиһο޼ڸӦ
Ȼ޼Ͽֵš
һʩչǧǿͷԶֵ۹󾫻
ǧǿһֱڣʵ컯֮ڳ˭𺳡
ֵ۹Ƿɱܣ˵޼𣬾桢ţ֡ӵǿߣҲһնһˣһ˫ɱһԡ
ʬֱɣҲռǿɶ컯ôǿʬ壬ɾֱʵ
ɱƴ󣡡
ְ㣬ɲپ֮賤ϣ󾫻Ϊӡ
˺ѿպۡ
һӣ賤Ѷռ䡣
¡
һǧ׽ȥ֮⣬һ֮Ѹɱɱֵ۹֮ϡ
֮ѣڽһնλֿ
žžž
޼ûɱƿ֮Уͷ޼ժ֣ٿܣЩʿæſƴһʱҲ˲϶Ը޼
桢ţҲ֧Ԯ޼
ⷽҲϷͷλϷһϢ֮С
ֱǧǿѷɡ
λ࣡
ҢǧǿߴӺ󷽸ϣЩ￴ֽ飬һǿߴżɵ䱸
ִʮˣδǰֻһʱȻʵĪżȻ
ɱ
ִˡŴǿɱɱ
޼˻ص󣬷ҢһЩǿ߰ţĿⰵж޼
ƺҢһʱᣬҲ֪λǿǺ
λͽԸɱֹλıԴ
Ңһǿ߷ǰڴ𽥷ȥ
ֿһЩǿߣܻͷŲʯ
ŷҢǰգΪֲǣ󲿷յءʯջҲܵʯӰ졣
û룬컯ΪһУռյʱʱѡ
ɻдӴĳȻǻ棬̺ħɷԼϢ
Ң֪ˣȪɽ壬ҲڣѱλɱС
ִʮǿߣͷͨ𿪻գգ֮ϣͬ˿ܡ
ÿԽ赲棬ͯԪܵ𵴡

Ҳ֪δȻǻա
֪ǰǸΪ»ڷգյشʯҲΪ촷ۣЩʯճҽǰ㡣
εȻ棬ܽʯգ
ƷΪ̵ĴڣɣԵֵǺ֮
أ
յزϻΪ촷ۣӲʯյֱˮǰʡ
ڻ֮УһճĻɽڣ֮һӡ
ڶپͷҲǰ벿˿»棬˭ȥ
ȷΣգ˵»棬·ҲΣأʴǴ󲿷죬ϷԸλ޷֣ϳ붫ʤݡ
תԪ
ں֮ױ֮Թš峤ʮΧ


1425 ֶ
桢ţ֡Ħ졢ӡ޼賤ʮɾͷǧ֮УΪ뵱κξͷû˿Ĵڡ
ʮΧ˹߶󷽻ȥ
ΪҪȥҪԮ֣Ңû뵽ڴ󲿷ǿ߳롣
峤ŮӣɴʱҢ֮ɫһ·λǿ߻ݣڴ½Ϸæʮȥɣ
Ҳա
Ңתһǿߣǰ·
ʮ˽һں֮ױ֮һֺԻʮУƤһʼ麹
򣡡
ͻȻڴ߶ɲںϣһɻʮ˸ǡ
ȻЧǺⷽҲָǿҲо羪˻ѹȡ
ҢǷҲֻϰǿһȥ棬ŻС
Ҳ룬һྪˣƺճĻӣףڲգһ¯
ǷҢҲǴżɵ֮ͷ󷨣һ˶˲Ծӡ
ⷽʮˣڻ򱣻£Ҳ·ֲ̫ҲյÿҪʧ
Ī⣬ֶԻͨƿزͷֶΡ
ӣԼ쵽Ԩڿʼ·ҲÿԼִΪں
ϧԶԶҲڷΧǿɱɳȥ
𼸹𵴡Ŀ
⼸Ȼ֮ǾͷԨγɳʱʱһ˺ѳС
ҢȻ˷򣬿һЩдִˡŴ𺳡
ԭǿһɱ
ҲţӦǵΪǿţû
һЩǿߣʥ̸ɱ֮ڣ񲻷ӦҲԾյѵ֮ħֵ۹
ʥںϸӦַʥǴɼŴ䣬˴žͷɼΧֵ۹Ůǿ۽֡
ͨǧĺѩӹӡ¹Ҳǿߣ۶Ը
ħǿ֮УҲԪϤɱѽѷִ֣ҲС
ϷΧƷ˷ǿߣ޼ΪɾҲв١
Ңߡ峤Ⱦͷ񣺡λⷽأͷλȥ֮£½Ԩֹλǿ߶ȡıԴ
˾ΪػıԴ濴ǿߣʱ֮УѸоƷľͷԨλͷɱ
Ȼա
ȻûƳ٣ŶʮԽ硣
ߡ
ִ˱ȭͣҢ¶Ц
֮Ϣ쳣ţУһɹɹҫԨըѣ֮бڱ
ǧӦݴ½ڣһ޹ִӻ֮г֡
һͨ
ȻٿһЩżһ۾ԳţֱһȣҪһЩ
۾ԳɱһѪɫӣѪɫðѪݣԼѪɷ֮ΧҲоͷڹѪӡ
賤Ϊ𺳵ˣһָλԳǵݵڶ̩𣡡
̩
ǿȻʧɫ
̩һԳ漸꣬ǵǼı𣡡ٻĴ½峤Ҳ϶Գݡ
ں֮ôҿԳһЩһһƬƵ֮Χɱ
ȻΪɱعЩǿΧﾪ˽Ҳ֪Ǻεȴڡ
ֿһЩ߳㣬棺Ƭ棬ӫ棬ӦþǵıԴǿҴ½ԴϢ
峤ͷǵıԴ٣Ӧþڰ£ΪƷһ½ıԴӦʮ嫣һߣƷֻʣʱһɣ
ĦʱǰĪʥ̸Ҳ㣿
˼ƬɫشһҫըѣʮΧɱһλīŮӡ
ɫ˲䣬ˣǹȥæҼ£ҵסıԴʵزס򲻵֮ʣԼıԴȡߣλС
ȡıԴ
ʮͷ˭Ҳû뵽滹˴㣬֪˼ƻǾòš
Ƭħɷλըѵش
棡
ͻȻһڸΧɱƬա
һȻԭߡ
βǱ
ȶʮɱХʮλԽߣʥ̽ħۡͻΪǿһҪֹǾıԴ

ʮĿ֮³֡
ǻΪѪɫӵķħۣн֮Уͻճ֣ڳǿ߶⿴ŶʮƬʱա


1426 
棡
ڡ
Ǿ̩ʮͷһ䣬ΧѪɫ֮УħҲЦƷע棬Ǿ仰ֽ籦ֽ粻ܷŹ㣬ֵ۹ˣҺۿԸֵ۹Σ
ħۣ
ȻЦл⣬Ʒ˵ģ
ΧɱͻӾͷ֮УΪպȵĪħ֮ԣΧɱλߣ
ԦͻԵôͷΧɱȻɵĺܣħҵˣͬĻЩ½ϣҲλΪУǻһһѡѡڱУ
ȴû˵ֱ̩ɱٴħۡͻӳ֣̩ʩչҲһɱ
Ҫģñ˴ʩչϻ֮ıԴΧգ˲ɱգײ
˲֣󷽶ʮͷߣ˴˽Ƭ̣ں֮ױ֮żǿߡɱħۡ
峤ԹŴŴһЩǿ߶Ըͻӡ
ʣǿ޼𡢰Ħ죬һͬɱʥ̽ҲϹݣʥ̼
ʣ桢桢ţ֣
Լǿ߰дʱʱ֧̿Ԯңȴͨλߡħͷʥǿ֣Īֱǿλ߽֣
Ҳڴʱ˳
ҪɱȥıԴδͻȻ˫ü罣˲ת
һŮϷ
ֵ۹ʹۡ
󷽻мߣԼ׷ɱ
һϡߣһɷǶմ棬һɱŮ
Ӻ׷ɱǿߣ棬㻹ˣҲȥ㣡
οЦػıԴҪһսҲСҪĶԣСֵ۹Ů
Ҽˣ
СˣãӦҲҵŮˣȻֽ磬ɱȥ˵ףαسΪֽŮһңڲǴ
㻹ҼˣʲôŮˣҼŮһɽ磬ϴ
ҵŮˣҲͣȥҪŮʲôãҪ죬ҿԸ죡
ߣҲԼʲôݣ½ʿʵˣʼλߣ֪ܣ˵Ҽ죿Ҽϲ˰ڤ磬бȥҵ˰ʴʣΪǻģϵ۹ۻѹ㣬˷ɱ㣬ֻҪҵ۹ʥɣ
ȡرСԼ
˲СŮ
Ŀ֮УСҲŮˡ
ҩɾȣΪûε㣿Ҿͽѹ

óЩȰ˵档
˭֪˾ǿһͷţ
ţ٣ֱӳ֣۵֮Уͬʱץһһǰʱͬš

˲Ԩɱͨݲ淴Ӧӡ
뼸ͷٶȻ޷ۡ
λ߿λߵͻȻɱΪһƬֲ
žžž
ɱзңû뵽˳ûн顣
ǷһɣΧԨϢ޷ѹĿ湥ơҲơ
ѹƷУͨٲҲ޷λ磬λ磬ֻλλ磬λ籾λУӶǾḻأλֻܲժʵ
˵ļǡͷ
Ǿͳһһ˽Ҫһֽ磬Զѹ
ҵ˼ҳλλ֮ϣȴǸ⣬ɣ
ͻȻɱһƬͬϴνƣһɱƣΧռϢų⡣
ܡǡ۱ӣͻȻ¶Ȼ
䣡
ݺɱзһγѸ𵴣޷ɱ֡
δ飬ȻޱȣϢ֮У̺λΪλλ磬ǲܴڵ
һ̣޼Ϊһɣòλ޷ȥλ磬޷ӵϽʲôҿԻɱλԽߣֵ۹Щǿߣɣڲһλ
ԣλʿλ糾ҪںλҲҪǧʱ䣬֪꣬ڣλ
˲ͬҲעһ£вͬ
һش𡭡
΢΢һ
Ů
ڣ뼸ǿߣɱâγһྪ˹ƣ潻֣ɱһ
λʼղ֪ж£
ֻ΢΢ָһ㣬һɺΪ磬ɱâոײصȾͷƣ˲⡢ѡ


1427 λߵǿ
棬һΧɱŮ
ûһͷ۰Χǧ֮ա
滹ǵһεһŴ棬䣬治һףΪǵɾҲ۷Ϊ
޼Ϣһ䣬һǿ
Ȼԣס
ɱ
ڣһǿߣ޼䣬ˣȻǵɾ
ӵɾһ֮ȫɶԸ̩Ŵ
֮ȴԸһŮӡ
۾ӱѩ˼䣬̻𣺡ҿкͣͨʩչɣܱƵʩչȫʩչҾϿλ磬Ȼǲܵ飡
廯Ԫ
ͻȻͷȵ
Ԫɱ
ͷͬӡ˲䣬ɱҫâ
ǧ׿ռ˲̣ΧסƬռ䣬ʼһʸɱۡ
޴ӣ崦ɱܣ
ҲɱһƬעֹƣ󣬼ں廯Ԫں󡭡

û뵽κνοֲƶྪ죬ɱ۰⣬׷̣ûбֻǽơٶȶʧˣʧȥƵģƯΧա
ǲҲλߣôԸҴвλ磬ͬΪȴֻɣɣ
۾ͻȻժ黨նȥΧʱ¡¡飬ʧ
𣡡
潣Ҳ޷ۡ
һƳǿλǿ˹ڵûͻ޼ʱδλߣȻֻ·һ
ִһǿٴɱ
ĽƲϣȥΧ䱻̣濴ȻӵӴѹƿռ֣Ƶȷһв鷳
ȻĻ˲佫нѹ޷
λȻϾΪͨλһģֻӵλʰˣλҲз֮ûһƣȥ޷κλߡ
һλԽ潻֣Ҳżͨ۲ɱҵλ߸ܡ
ȻҲɱһֲƿعƣǧ׿ռκεط
ۺƬռףһ˿˿Ҳ޷вǿһ֡
ٴɱƣ޷вۣҲ۴ȥģֻһ˿˿鷳ԼӰˡ
ҪӽɱҲǲ׵ģԣ޷ߴΧɱ³
𽣣
գɱֶΡ
ץһ޼һĲƷͷҲץƷƷʱȲǿڵ
ƷǿڵƷ۷壬ϧϧλʴɣλʣ۾ȻмһƷ
һͷŭһȣŮ֪ǿڵΪǿΪų齣Ʒ۷Ʒ֮һƷҳ
λ磬еͨҲڵ
ɱ
ǿҲɱ
ʱͲͨǷɱ
ͷƿصڵԾų齣Ϊ𣬴ӷ糤ɱۡ
ڵΧֱ˽ƣһʱ佫Χٴѹöǿֲ
ԺԪˣڵϽԻɱ磬κǿˣ
ͿӦһɱδʩչ
ҵ򲻿ɺ
ۻӯػ֣û뵽ڵɱΧٶȿʼܵѹȣڵɱ۰֮ڡ
ٶԽԽҽҲ顣
ɱʮǰڵȻҲ޷ǰзֺѹʮ֮⡣
۴ʱͻȻϢΪޣλʮƬ룬λߣλʵĲ࣬˰ɣǶǷ羫Ӣɼֵ۹ͶɣĪκλҲܷλ磬ΥҲ޷
ĪҥԹƻƿصһԵնף
һ
ͷ˫ֺʮͷž״̬ΧҲͷơ
ڵ޷ɱһ֣ڵȻƿ֮УʱγֵزͿ˭ֵܼ
Ҳɱ۰֮⣬һ³
𣿡
һʱ
󺹲ͣϢңҲǴ
ȴδ˿仯ڴ˿̣ÿһǿߣĪǵڣδλ߲ࣿϹӲɣ
Ůһȡͷ䲻ΪǿߣȻˡ
ʼ죬Ҳ߰ˣ
ͻȻΧռִ
̣
Ծų齣ʼɱΧڵȻʼ


1428 ۵
֨֨
ǧ⣬ƿصͷҲź
ʩչѹڵͬʱҲѹΧ󣬵ѹͷ
ͷҪŵ⣬ܵ
𡭡
һˣȻѹͷ
ͷ֮УؼһŴ䡣
ʱףΪζʤ޷ֵλλԽʵȷڷ޵еġ

ͻȻͷһɹɻ棬ߴӵҲڽռ֮б

һɹͷͬʱ߶ʱըҪ֮ۺա
һˣ
Ըð취ǻ𹥡
ٴζĿ࿴ֶεȷʱ侲취֮࣬û𹥣ռ
ˣ
Ҳ΢΢һΪһЩλʡȻͼ̲ͨزλǳϵģλʿΨһͨⷽ棬λȼ磬Ϸ֮ǴɼɱɷЩɽƷ
ŮͷҪˣ֪Ʒǰߵˣһͷ𣬲ϱա
ǿѹۡ
治һֱ۲δʩչʵ
ڴʱۿͷ¶Цݣѹռʱ̡
۶ˣ˫ִһӡһ֣Ȼһ׹⣬߳һǧ׽֮У۰ɱ
䡭
ǧ׿ռ䣬ʱը
ͷ޷Ԥռûɡ
ߴ⧲ǰһ̻Խռơ
ռ䱻ըѣ˲ߴҲըռƬû
ռ仯ΪһڰУ˿УȫԽɱһɡ
Ȼ봦ֽǿɷɳ
ƺĳΣϢĳ͸
۲ռ飬ؿϷץһޡ
ƺһĨ̶ɣûҲûͷһ˿˿
ܲȥ
৵ضռ䡣
ڶʱԾռ䣬ͻȻԽǺӣӿռʱǰըƣǱֵռƬ
ɱоų齣ƷҲһǿ󷨱֮һɱÿռƬһѿ
㣬䣬Ҫ˵ģԭѹ䣬ֽҲ֮أ̫֪ߵغ񣡡
һٴδԽռ䡣
˲䣬ͻȻɱгޡ
ʱӲŻΪʵһɫޣ·ëֹһ֯ɡ
ݣ
޾һʸɱƿռ䡣
ȿȡ
ռڣ俴ˣоų齣ȻԵЩǱ
󷽿ռ䣬ûһʣֻһЩȴͻȻһĨɱ䱳ɱ
ոտԣȥѪתһն¡

ɱһɣ볤ɱһ󷨱𵴣ɫԵھų齣ֶ
սֱҲʧȥ֪
Ʒָľͷ
󷽣һ͵Ϯɱ
ɣλߣ
ٻؾų齣ȴһ
ƣȴžر𷭡
ץޣ˵ܱʩչҾͳǣȻһо仰û˵ʩչ֮ʱȶ֮ʣ
ৣ
֮е䣬ռ䶼֮£һѡ
ۣ

ӡһͨΧᡣ

žȣ
޴˿Ѹײڶ֮ƣۡ
ͨһϽͨҲɼİɣϧ½ʿɽ繦ʼմﲻָ߶ȣ۵յЦ
䣬ſռ䣬䣬ɵۣȻˡ
¡
ۣ
ʱ򣬳ҲҲұۡ
Ѫ䣬ұ۶ѣ޻˳ƳҲ°˿ڡ
ұ۶ˣ
۵һĻͨҷһһӣ㹻ûȻʵ
ݣ
󷽷һ⡣
ԭǲ˶ϱۡ˵䣬Ȼʱ򣬼оԦų齣Ϯɱۡ
˾һ̣ǿ۾Ҫڽ¡
ͻȻûռ䣬žų齣նչͷ
ų齣δɱۣϺ£ȴһֳִСӡ
Ȼų齣Ǵһɱ
ɡɶ񣬾ͲͲһ㡭ǱסΣסϱ˿ڣ䳤̾Ϣ
ܶʱǲһ㡭
ǣֳ󷽡
䵹һںּæƾų齣λ簡ΪλҪλ磿λ߲ǴԽߣλƿռ䣡
ɱ
ռ䣬֮С
ͻȻ䣬Ҳɱһڿڵ
ԭ֮ǰͬǼͷɱˣˣҲɱ
󣬿ҲСһˣԸ
ôڵҲԣ
ոĮ


1429 
ɱȥڵδȥվͱһӿռɱ

ԭǳɱƿռ䣬һӳڵ
Ʒﲻų齣ָ߶ȣȴֲһͱɡ
¡һ㱻һƬѹƣ
ˣͷٶȳȥǲصӣɶޱ𾴡
Բ۶֣ŮȻ뵽С
򵺴½ŮССǿʵʱۣǲһء
СʲôŮĻʵ죿
žžž
ͷȥ֧Ԯ䣬ǵɫްأֲ̫ɱֻܷ
ۣ
ֱɣȻһ̣һǧͨŷ֮ƣۡ
֮ǧ䣬Ҫ㿴λϵָָһ
ն˲䣬һߣ߳Ըٶȴ
¡ը飬ʼǵ߳׵ʱΪһ֮ƣɱƬա
ռԱ׹иһӰըɣѪɡ
䣡
ˣ󷽰⣬ͷ޲סץصҲԻɱһû˿Ƶ쳤ޡ
ŭźţǿ߲ϱƽۡ
Ȼ۲δ׷ɱ䣬ͷɱֻһʹһɱͷǰصУͻȻ֮˸žž֮
ͷһͬͷŵΪһֵǰСģǱ׷ˣ
·һ̣ǿ壬Ҳֻ޲ߡ
ಣ
һȴ䡣
棡
ͷסۣ濿ɵ䡣
棬Ӫ䣡ͷߺ
ڶϢֻͷס䡣
һƳ䱻ٵұ۶ˣ϶нɱ󣬳ֵѪǡѪ⡢ϵòࡣ
һ˿˿ӡҲܿǶѵġ
ѪһֳΣһѪҲ߳ɡ
ûκηֱ𣬵ܿڣӳѪͷѪ΢΢ȡң
赭д΢ЦȫˣһҲˣزأ飬ϻ˿Ծ㣿ܾ㣬Ҳزȥ۷塣
ҲѪһƬƬ桢ذʿ䣬㡭
ΪԸλǿ߶ֻһʬ£޷ɱλߣԣҪС
㵨ҡ
ûˣҲֻ־λߣ͵Ӣۣɣ
䣬
Ҳ֪һɵ̣Ȼͷ
ݣ
֮ʣ˫ͫͷһɵɫԪ

䱻ɫԪУŴҪ˵ʲôѽֱ󻺻ۣ˯ˡ
Ҽ˷֪ˣֿɱһ𣬷۷ͷʵۣҲֻǱ䣬ǿһЩˣ˻һɶɽٵ죡˫ͫɫСߡ
ȻתһѹƵĸ֣ճХˣ
ʲô
ִľͳͳţֱɫ֮õϺˡ

濴ڴʬ壬ʬ壬ʵʩչ컯ž
ڽ廯ԪϾˣӿڡ
ǿ
һڲǿѴﵽ޼۷壬Ǳ½ʱͻ䡣
Լ㣬ͰнһԼڣ󲿷ַӡһֱںϡ
ֽʬ彻һͷתıԴǷȥ
֮УԪѹ棬һһֱ׷ɱ㣬ֱѹΪܴߣ
ŮҵҲ·
׷ɱ棡
ͷһ˽ʬ廤ס̤գһâ׷۲š
ʱıԴʮ⣬̩ס̫ǿˣһͻɱɱȥһҪֹħۡ
λߡִǿߣ˭Ҳ޷κμ̬ڣ桢ţ֡Ħ졢ӡ޼賤ǿߣδʩչֶΣִֻˡŴ֣Χסλߡ
ĪǾǡ
ϹݿΧɱ£ıԴʯ
ʱڸһЩǿߣΧɱֵ۹λ֮УһؾͷԶԶƿտ档
ƺʶ档
ҲӦߣȴİȻִڣӦһͬϢ
Ӧǰȫߣ
ȫߴž̾ףǣǵ꣬õǿ֮ˣ˵㣬ȻҲˡ˽⵽㣬ֶԸλߣȻҲҪǴУ
лǰǵ컯Ե
һʵ


1430 ͻ
Ǿ棬ɱŸ֣滯ʦţߣ飡
ϵܣĪżǾŴҲʱ棬֮󡭡
һ𸣵ޡ
ȫ߸
Ҳкüͷһ䣬ԸϹݣֹ뼸ʥ̸֣ıԴ
𸣵ظ߲㣡
һ˾캣Ż𸣵زٸ֣Χɱϣʦ
ǵ棬𸣵滯ʦնɱţ֣Լ顣
𸣵ʧء
˼˼𸣵һͷԶҳ⣬ǻʦͨϼͷҶ֣ǻǿϹɱѽѷ֣
ԷЩ⣬ΪȻܸӦ
Ŵ֮У𸣵ֱӶԹ캣ɱ˻𸣵زٸ߲㡣
ţ¡
棬ǶԸǿУ
ʮգƬħɷѪɫѹ£ڶԸħۣڸ߿ն泤Х
ǣ
ȻǰҲÿ
ڰɭɭˣħУ֣˵ܻɱħۣΧ䡢ͷ֣ɱħۻлģ
氵ħϺֽ꣬磬ħۣɱѣ
֪㵽ڣδʩչʵԸۣ㶼ֻʩչ޼ʵʩչɱУЩǿߣɱħۺпܣ
ħۿִˣħһִ˹ҲòңὫңλ߿ִˣ˼Ըңɱħۣɱд˻ôɱѹˣΪҾˣȻ֪С˭ҾҪȥֽ
Ҫ÷ħ۶ֽ˽⣬ȥСȻԣҲδȥλ翴
Ŷ
׷ɱһ̣һͻȻɱһ⣬Ƭռѹ
ƣǾͻӣ
ɲǼ߶֮֮вٿռ侧ӡתѸͶɱ
˵ܲں󷽽ء
ԭͻۣء
һɨͻӣۡɶ߾˴̩Լ֡Χɱ
Ȼͻӷȥ
㡭ۻΪʱܽס޴ȥ
ûϵͻǿ߽Ƭգ֮󷽻Ĵ׷ɱҲ׷ȥٶԽԽ档
̩ǿ֮Уһ䣬ͻȻ㱳λߣޱΪβסⷽ
䣡
᳾ڴ䡣
ˣӺǽƻȫšԱкüͷ
һˣ᳾ĸף趥
򵺴½᳾׷ɱ棬Ȳѣʩչ޼ߣһǳ֮ЩֽʱСѹ
ߺȵһֶԸ
Ը䶼Сһǵ棬ǵĴԽۡ
һ̣ƿնȾͷǰս죬ƶ𺳡
ǽս֮Уͻһƽսףͷڣֳս죬һ۹ϻƣͷͬƬա
ɱŮ
潫趥ȻΧΧɱͻʮͷ֮УĴ׷ɱľͷɱȥ
֮УһƵͻӣЦƾǣҲɱֵ۹ϸ֣һ̩һ䣬֣Ҳκβ˱ӣ
ֳ̩ɱһǹǹۼ޸󲿷֡
Ԫŭ𣺡ɲ㣬һܽЩλߣɱڴˣ
ɱ
ȻˣܾվţΧ֣̩ΪΧͻӣҲɱǳ˽
󣡡
һЩͷĹע棬˲俴̺
棬ñԺƷ絽㣬һὫɱ
죬ɽӲ
ͻӼԦռ䣬Ƭռ䣬Լнս죬һͬͷŵ
ͻȻӿռɱս籩һ˷öǿߺˡ
Ψ̩δֺҲֻ˺һЩ
ǿֱӱս籩Ƶúһ棬һɹɾĽս칥ƣɱòܡ

һǿ߷
Ħ졣
һڸִ֣ˡŴԼǿߣԸħ֮еǿߡ
ƺЩһæɱȭâǽս칥һ顣

ȴǱ֮УǳƶҲҪȥ֪ͨңвǿ䣬ʬ̫ˣռʬ壡
ãҲ۷ȥ
Ǿչ֮µħǿߣĦ죿ԭʵǿ˸֣ȷ
һЩǿ߷ħɷϢƽΪħɱְĦ֮󣬷ɿ


1431 ǿ߽
ʱʣս칥ƻ飬ǰռֶٿѺۼ̩Եֵסͻ˽ԱһǸԶա
žžž
̩ɱɱǹǵǹƣٵش̳ιƣǹæ籩꣬򱣻ͻǲƿռ䡣
ɱýƿռδ飬ȴڴ
ͻ̫ǿˣͻ޼ڶΪ֣һǿ󣬵ٴͻһЩ磬ԸЩգ
һغϣѷͻӵĿֲ
Χɱʩչƣ̩Ϊͻӡ
䡭
ǿɱһ
߿ͻȻ𵴡
ǿ߿߿գ֮УնʤݽأҲΪʥ羹ڴ顣
ǰΪɱǿƻ磬־ƻҲҪ𣿡
һƣϷ򣬾ܵһ֮ķѡ
翪ʼѿҲħֵ۹ʥ̸ִ֮лæߣִˡŴҲˡ
̫ϧвٱܣ֮ǰ֮ж֣Ϊȡʥڵɼ
Ҫʧȥ磬ҪΪһͨ½ĨΪһ档
ġɱذ顢ͬʱ
ʤ֮ϡ
½ȻսִϾŴԼʿʿ֮Χɱħʥֵ̡۹ǿߡ
֮ϡ
ƲȻӰӡ
½صƸʿ
Ա߻һ˸һֻ΢΢
մĸƷ磺磬Ƿ֮еλ磬ں̺ǳ֮УǺûûɿǺҵ磡
ɿһ˵ǵϢ㿴Ƭһ½֮У
ಣ
ûռ䡣
Ҳգۼ䣡
ϵһ־ֵݴ½߿ա
ƷڿݽߣıԴʮ֮һǱھһգӦλӶԴƸͿڸǰ˵
ıԴƱԴֿסҵ磬ıԴҲкܴôӶλıԴӦλ磡˵꣬ٴʧ
ʱ˿̣һǧ״½߿գ
֣ڴ½֮ɱɱȥٵطʯʯڲûκǿ߷ְһڴһС
Ƹˣ㿴ʯĪǺ֮УЩɽң
Ǻ֮УƻɽʣһЩʯ綾ɣʯӦλ磬ſλ磬ҲʯˮҲˣĸԶΧʯҲһ˫ۣ
ಣ
Ƹˣ
ԼϢ󣬾Ȼʮʿ
ˣЩ˶ǰɣҲǷ֮УΪǿĴڣƿʮʿѹһ¡
ǡˣ
ʮʿ֮УȻֵ۹ǿߡ
ִˡŴǿߣһߺǶŭֽ磬ִǿߣǵֽ磬ȡ
ϾǿЦڴУʲôһʲôƸĮȻ
֣
Ƹɨһۡ

ͷʮԪ˲ѹһǿߡ
ЩǿڵڶϢ󣬾ʧ˻Ƶģκʶ
ƸЩͷһԪ򸵳ȭˣЩʿԺ䣬϶ǰóɱƷ磬Ǳһʿ˵õɱϿɡ
󣬸һ˿ɣͺˣòӡ
ּƸָһ㣬ĻӰڸǰᡣ
ܵõɱϿɣַ˲Ҳһෲ˲һĶ桭
Ƭ̣ĬĬ˵ʲô
𣡡
Ƹһ⣬ɱʮ¹ʿڡ
ˣ
һʿֵ۹ִˡŴǿߣһ̽Ƹ¡
ɿȻԸ˵ûʲôˣȥץ𣿡
Уץס棬õűǵһҪ£õɱ֮ٿƷ磬ķ˹Ҳһ֣
˿Ǻöɱ̣
ˣ
ɿҲ֪˵ʲô֮һʮܿ·½롣
żȪɽΧΪʯдƷʿλɱ
ʱƸʮջա
֮ǰ֮лֱֻྪˡ
˾û˿κϢ֮УҪ֪λǿߣྪˡ
ȻУûͷκϢûһ˿˿Ӱ죬˿Ҳڻ
գ֮£ʿҲУɿҲںʲô档
ʮܣյƲʧ
ҲʮϢʮԨ̤֮ϡ
ɿɱϢǧԨǸʿɱ
ƸԨ


1432 ˮŵ
ʱڱڲʯҲѣżϢ֮б
Ȼ䣬ڲżϢƸٶȣԶԶ
ƸȻˣôܣ֮ⷲУλ磬ǳ֮£ȻɽϢ
Ҳ֣ϽʣǺԨ׹ͨᱻǺӷգȴԨǺӱģ治ɽϢиΪаħϢ
ǲҪȥһɼпɱǴҲҲɱȥһϵ
ɿӦ𣿡
ӦɱϢȷǴǴżڲһ˿˿ͬϢҿ϶֮ǰɱ֮У
ߣ
ּ䣬һʧȥ
ħ֮ߣ
⣬вִߡŴǿߣΧɱ
˫ɱ֮ʣһ˾㵿ʮӰƿն
ǰӣϢʥκϢ޷ǰ֮ڡ
ĪҲλߣɱ
пΪӣƷϾϢ̫ڲͬһЩǿɱȥ

ƸҪ֡
ɿȶռ䣬ʮɱȻǷɳһξ룬ΪһŴ죬ʮ˾С
ɿŴ֣ظ·ЩʿЩꡣ
ǿ
ִˡŴԼǿߣʮߣˣͱһֻɫԵˣ
εȴ
Ʒ֮ٻĴ½ǼλԼ̩⣬˴ڣ
ǿߴ𺳿ɿЩŵüǿ޹
Ӳڿܻ£˲ż֮С
ʲôǿߣ֣
ǧԨλɱЩִ˸߲㣬һ˲ϤղŷһĻ
һֻ˲ϢԵʮͷ
̩ͻӡħҲһ˲䣬ʮȥǿߡ
ʱ˿̣ƷپͷͷһӰ
֮ڣ
Ϊʥص򣬲𵴣Χϱ
ɿ󲻶Ϸ׹ƬǶԲʲôЩܣһһҳ顣
ʥʱûһܡ
ȻҲһаϢڶ֮ԼԼɢ
ΪƸˡ
ҪģȻ½磬ȻǰɽʣҲĳֿԶȥ
ǹϣһٶȼӿ졣
ԽգԼʡ
Ϣ֮һƯżϿգΧϢǶûжӰ죬ֻɸϢҲоƤġ
·żֵĹǺԼսۼҲʼݡ
ȷ˹ǺƸЩǺͻȻ۾һʲô
븵ż棬߹Ǻɢţмɱ
ƸǺ֮Уʯ塢ȡ
ûƬ̣塢ͷųɱеâѺۣȻǿңȴǷ˲ܴ
ʥɽ
ţ
ִͥ
ˮħ
Ƹκξʹ塢ƽġ
ɿ󶼾ˣ찡ʥɽִͥǿǵɽΪϡǿţҲʥɽһĴڣΪû뵽ڴһɼ
Ƹɻؿһ飬΢΢ƣ˼飬ˣʥɽִͥŶɽ˶֪Ĵڣˮħʲô
ˮ
ħ
˭֪ͻȻţ꼸ŷ·Ǵ˵֮еĴڣҲԶŲŴڵģû뵽ˣˮħȻˡ
Ƹ𡮴ˡʱй㲻ɫ
׳ŵʵ˺Ϊˮħ
Զ磬һ̫Ĺŵأ̫ŹŵصˣûУЩ̫ĹŵصˣȻһ֮еߡ
̫ĹŵؾҲ˵Զſʼˮ֮ؾκ˽ء
ͷŷӡħ̣֮Ȼû뵽ʧˮħλ֣ⱻ֪ػ˷𵴡
ˮ֮أ
̫ġŵء
ȻƸף˵Щʲô
ɿһԱߣдĪ½磬һĿģǵˮ֮أ
ֻǸӦɱʱһʱղħȷǺεʴ½ɱ֮ʣҲ½绹ʲô䣬û뵽Ȼˮħ֪£ҲţǰڣȻǸ˽⣡
ȻǾûʲô֪ģ
ɿҶһЩˮ֮ȥһͣ
һһֻرƸ
һᣬͽƷӡ
һɼȥҲѰš
ǺȻһƬħɷִž𺳡
Ƭ֮κϢ޷ΧƷʡϢγһƬа򣬷·Ʒ硣


1433 ħ
һǣƸٴ𺳡
֮УȴǸΪ棺ȻһԶսֻԶŴ֮Щħսпɽһ׹䷲֮У
ˣϧƬһǣ󣬶ҾƷӴһ뷲ںϣγһּȲǷ磬Ҳɽʣаһʣñȥ
½ˣǶɱﾹһǣһɽô䣬̫ŹֵطҪȥ
⡭
Īԥʵѵ½һʣҲ޷ȥ
ϣ˼ǣ¸оʣϢ̫аļΪ
մȾ̫аϢаħ֣
ǸϣƸһ
޷Ʒκǿߣ޷ɼƬأʼͷһ⡣
⾹Ϊһӡɱ֮вֳӡ
âһƾӡγɵĹⲨʥ뼸ȥ
̣
ȴţӡⲨƬżǣ֪ӷͻȻһЩ춯ĳҪ
Ƹ֮¶֮ɫ
ɿͻأ룺ãжһǷ
¡
żͻȻѳƬ
Ƕ֮УһӰһӰʮ𣬷ɱ
Ƹһָ飿ǡħ飿
飬Ҳħ飬ħ飬ҲͻȻץһ棺ħ飬ЩħӳȥڷưԣͨǺԨϽ½磬ǳ£
ɻ٣
˲䣬ֽͷŸΪˡ

ɻ滯ΪһʮӰħͻȻǧ׿ռգʮаħ顣
ȻǶԸЧֶΣ
ħ鱻յžȡžţ޷ɱ档
ħ飬ڷ̫ෲҵȶ֣Ƹǳɡ
ҲɵϽħ飬ҾͲöԸˣ

һ֮ͻȻϷȻ𵴶
üͷһ׷׺ˡ
һɺӰƺɱǹɷ֮С

ʮħ飬ȻǺӰںϣΧ޷źӰ
ܣˣݣ֮ⷲУԷκηʣıԴҲһаӰƸ״δžɫ
ӦһΪħ飡ӸͻȻץӡâ׼֡
ͻȻǻ֮Уħ鱻źӰɣһа֮ˣ½ҪɱЩ𣿡
Ƹָֻǿģܿˣħ飬ǴϽͨǺԨɽ磬׷ɱ
ӣҪˣҪɱҷ𣿹ҵллǣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
Ҫлǣ
⴦һǣѹڴˣΪ˸ѽΪʶ⴦Լɢȥ£󲿷ʶ͸뿪⴦żȥ֮С
һֱż֮УлǣϽѹż󲿷ЩҲӳԭҾѾЩ֪ܺɼһˣ
ǵаӰЩ⡣
Ƹţ̿ˮȻ֪ˡ
ǺӰص˵ټǿգλ磬ǺӣԼǺԨŵƷ磬ˣһͷɿҵλ磬Ǵб
δͷϢһ̣ͷŶپӡħ飬ɽݲ㣬뷲Ǻ֮Уһ飬Ϊˣְڣ
ҪɱΪˣڱǰҫûʱ棡
ǵӰӻ֮зɳ
㱼䣬ɿӰ֮Ӱ
䣡
źӰɼ棬˲׵ѣ
ٿ¹âը
ɿҲżǻعżڱѾһ˷
ŵҲڷ𵴡
ƸķһɨӰټˣղħǱ£ϢżΪһ壬뿪Ƭ飡
аϢϢż֮УبŶںϣ⴦һӭ׹뷲ܶ꣬ϧںϣո࣬黯Ϊأڿֲѣż飬Ƕԣûж塣
ϧż֮УȻʲôϾšִͥʥɽһǣмǿڴˣµõһɱȥҲ޷
ñܣ¹ؼ
ĪǼɱԼĳ޵ɱ
Ī̫֪࣬ҲŹЩЩֵͼˣ޷֪ĴڣȥץǸˣ

һֲԶȥ
ĳڰ䡣
һźӰԶԨЩɱҫӰɡ
Ӱ֮нΪһѪӣΪᣬһǷѩ
ѩ㵵عˣղ桢ϴ֮еˣ


1434 ħ
ѪӸֶʱͫǳȻƤҲѰ˲࣬һͨˡ
ȻˣΪǷˣͷǵȻ棿Ҫ֪һ׹̫ⷽ꣬ǳ̣ܺȻĻִʮͽż룡
û뵽ҷѩһŵˣǿ񻰰
ʲô֪նɱˣǴɼսҲšʥɽִͥǿߣ뱾ɱ֮󣬴ɽ׹ģ
ˣ㡢Ҳˣ
Ҳɣ
Ī鲻ɣ
Ҳ飬ô飬ҲҲˣǱҲˣ
ˣˣ
ħһ壬֪ɣʲôˣֻһȺ˽С˰ˣ尡Ƿӡħһ壬ӳˣŻи౾ǿӳñˣ죡
ˡ
ʱ뿪Ʒ磬˿ܻ֪ݣǱ֪һд½
ѪĿһˮͫȻŴ󣬾ŷѩʧȥ
֮УִˡŴƷǿߣΧˣһǿҲܵ𵴡飬òѡ߿ա
žž
ͻȻΧ飬Ƭ޴ޱȣԶԶȥʯӴ롣
ڲϹżҲ֮Уһг֮е
·ĳֿ¹֮
ǿ·ɱ׹Ƭǿ߻æԶ롣
ǿ߽Կ򲻶ϱݵһʥأҲż磬
ҿ֮Уһɡɱʥ⣡
龪춯أҲָͬ
Ȼ˿һâһӫ⣬Խҫ۵سǰ
ӫ֮УӰ
Ҳ֪ǵ˻ѣ֮ǰɱһ֣
ִ֮УһЩ߻ֹ飬ڲɼͶǿߡ
ִ߿ʥ֪ƸԾ֮⣬Ҳ
˴֮֮УҲһ̣ķѣ֮һ˲顣
ɿСβ;ţӰո·ԨһƬƬҫ˸
κ𿪡
ಣ
һЩִߴķƺҪ赲ǿߡ
м߸߲㣬ϷˣǺˣλߣƷʿϹŶ
λߣ
Ƹ΢΢һЦߣÿڲɱˣǲˣԾĹ
һһƿصɱߣֻҪλߣǵˣǹȥ

ֻƸ΢΢һΡ
ۣ
Ҳ֪ʩչεɱǰͻȻķѣһ֮˺ɴ⡣
ǿһɾͷǿߡ
˿һĻ׷´ظ֣Ҳ̫ˣ˲ɱһߡ
󣡡
ߴ߶ƣ
ΧɱǧǿߣһӡΧʮȻһƬ
ɱˣ
ԨǷ̩ŭ

ǧ׸߿մǿߣٲ²ǿߣȻԥɱϾ̩ǿΧ
Щλ߿ˣֻҪַƷ磬˭ˣͷأ
ԵıԴΪΧŸΧɱħۣ𵴣ǿҲʿ
λɱΪϢΪ䣬ûϹ١ֽ硢ħλϢ
˶ڹעϷͻȻֵˡ
ҲˣЩΧɱͻӡۣҲ⿴߿ա
Ҳףǿߡ
ٿ
ͻȻϿգ֮⣬һķëƿ
ɱ֮еǿǣ̧ͷͼǧϷذˣΧռ顣
ֿռѺۣЩִߡŴǿߣͳͳУǿ߱˺顣
ȻռѺ룬ȻһӰ졣
Զ׼ռˣͨʵɵɱУ˲ɱǧ˾ռ֮Уĳǿ߱ɱ
˲ɱƷôǿߣ
ҢһԸħǿߣһĻ˸뺮
𣬵ñ𣡡
ǿŭ졣
ϴ̫ǿˣҲ֪ʲô·ͻȻɱ̫죬ǵǾд鷳ˣ桢ţҲƬգľս
ǧգ˭о˵ǿ᣿
ռѺۻδʧΧǿɱʮ֮⣬ʮգ׳ɱˡ
жһ֣ͬ
ǧԾŴʿǿߣûʩչͨһ׳ǧڵ뷢ֲγɽˣξ붯ɱˡ
ˣ˹κεͷҲԵֵǧɱ
ΪУ֮أ
ǿǽǳȿŵɱǿߡ


1435 
ܳɹ𣿡
Զ޼ǿ߶Ըֵ۹ǿߣһҲδɱ
ֵ۹ǿһӣǵΧɱˡ
һ̣ǿߣžͷǾӢţ׷׿ǧڵ
ϣҷ֪ͻȻ䡣
֮УĿ֮£ƸЦֵǧڵɱ

Χǿ߶ԣƸǲ֪

ƸͻȻָӥצﶯָ˸
߳壡
˲䣬븵ˣɿΧɣͻȻ˸
žžž
ɱĵһڿסһ˲䱻ɱһڿ飬ʯͷĥɵģһش
ܣ
ǿߣͬ
ǿǵǧڵ΢ǵɱȴƸÿƣǿϵ׻ٿڵ
绹Χ֮˸½ɱܶǿ߲ţǿ˳̶ȡ
飡
ˣٵԱǿƲ˵磬׷׻顣
ǣһΪѪ
Ħ֮УҴǿ⡢оǶԸλǿߣҪǿĶ࣡
֪ǵˣѣǵˡ賤۵һҲΧЩħǿߡ
ɱ
ŵǰ̣ɱˣһڿڵ֮飬Ʒǿߣ֮⣬¹ԡ
˺󣡡
뼸ͻȻΧɱʥ̸֮֡
ƸһƳǧգһ۾ܿߣڲ֪£ˣҪ˵ģ
Ʒˣ̩֮ʩչɱǹ̫ǿ
һ˫ͫԳΪ塣
۾Գ
ƸȻ̩һЩϲ壬ټû뵽λҲִʵҲﵽͲϴ壬УԳҪˣԴȥɽѲߣ
ߣҪϻ㻤ɽѲߣΰɣһɭɭ͡
ֻʮɣûС
һֻ򶣿ϧˣ̫࣬ٶԼ綾еôȴû۾Գϧ򶱾ɲߣƸղС
ºˣƲƷǿ𣿡
ͻȻ䣡
ۿƺҪ㣬ɱƸ븵
һ̴Ͽգ֮ϣһ
Ƹ̧ͷˣ
ǿ߽٣ʿܺ档
ͻȻ߶ƣǿͷâ٣
䣡
λҲ߿ա
һƬâ֣â֮зɳӰ
ǵִͨϢޣƷǿߡ
Ա߻һλ׷ߣ˶ʶ
ߡҢҲʶֻоŴ䣬ƺĿλ׷ߡ
ͷ٣â֮Уɳʮǿߣһǰɣ۷֮еİɡ

ĿִŲλ׷ԲԵߡ
Ȼʶ
ǵ꣬йһ֮Եλˡ
ʱ;˲һӰȥ٣Ǵǿ֮ǿ߽֣Ҳδλˡ
û뵽ִһͬ
ĪҲִǿߣ
ӭ
ִˡŴƷǿǣ
桢ţĿ棬Ҳϵһ㣬
ִɱƷǴûйģǰ޼ǴΣҲδ
ȻǵƷ磬һǿߣԽŴ䣡һػΧʮںһ𣬿̫ǿ
ܲ򵥣ǻʶģ޼ϹŶȻҲ˵һ䡣
˶Ϊ档
浹ں׷ߣ˭֪Աߣ׷˭

ʮˣ඼ҡͷ
ˡ
ں֮ױ֮Թһ峤˿̴Ʒֻм֪Ĵڣ
ԹҲ΢΢ݣ·ʶ׷ˣǰƷʿ֮У˼Ϲ
ꣿ
޼һ
һЩǿ߲ɰ޼
ǲÿϷ꣬ȲǸϼһ£˰ɣ޼Ҳƺʶ׷ˡ
˭賤棬˸Ϊ档
ں֮ףƷ确ߡҲΪػƷ磬һ㲻ֻ֣м¶棬Ҵδ֣Ʒڳˣ
ߣ

ˣӲ֪˭
޼ֶ˵һ䣺֪ˣŴ⣬ǴƷȥ٣Ҳȥ磬ƷĲѧߣ


1436 ˽
һɲǣ׷գ֮⣺Щλߣһ衢̤Ʒ磬ίʵɶ񣬽ҪʿĨɱԶڴˣԶٻλ磡

Ԩ֮УͻӵЦСС磬Ҳưԣ
ħҲ޾Ц˵úã䱾ֵ۹۸ᵱ֮
ո˫ͫͷŴ۹âλԽߣǽȻȥ޻أ
Ա׷ߣ˻ƵسХ̩ǴŴѹ·λߣϷλߣǣ
ǣ
ƸһƺԼӣǣǡ
ЩλߣһƻƷ磬ȻΪ֮첻òԳ֣
ȻˣףЦʵԱǸںƷ籾Դ֮ˣԸˣ
һۿںƷ籾Դ
׷΢΢һٴİɫƸֶ˲һλߣϢֽ硢ĽλߣޡǿһЩ
ͻȻԵػһ𣬸һռ飺Ʒ磬ţǻţݲ߷
ɱɱɱ
մǿߣӿ
ɱ
·Ԩ֮У̩ͻȻתȥעϷơ
ߡҢȾͷҲΧǿߣٴζԷħۡͻӡۡϹݣԼλһǿ߳֡
ǺҴⱬը
Ŷʮͷһͷźϻ֮ûȥԸһЩֵ۹ʿ֡
棬ҾӦÿ뿪
Ÿն֣У޼洫ҲΧʮǿ߶
ǰǺ⣿Բ̫ס
޼˼ɵǲִ֪Ǹߣִ˹ϵ򵥣֮ǰжȡɱ޼йأɱӡָ߲㣬ǽλѹס棬һԸ㣡
ȷпܣ˲뵽һ㡣
ںִ֮򵥣лߣʮʿƷ޼˵ĺȻʵػıԴǾ͵óû뿪Щ˲ҪɱǣҲҪ֣һ˫񣬽һ
ӴӲ࣡ԹҲڴʱס
Уʱ׼뿪Ȼ֮ǰһʩչȫԼֶΣϹŶΪ
Ҳоһڽ棬ϣвʱʱ̴̿
ţ
ָоĳֲϢһ̧ͬͷ
ԭǴȥִΧͷâִʩչһƬƬռ䣬Ƹɿ
󣡡
賤˲Ϣ֮
Ƭûʮա
Ӵ
ִ£｣󲻶ͷŽҪƬռ䡣
Ħ찵̫̾ǿˣԸǣȻҲԴ齣ռ䣡
ʱ̧ͷעУ｣ͻȻɱķΪ˳ԸƸɱ
ķǣʮռ䣬Ϊ󣬾嫽ˣûǿߡ
޴ӣ޴ɶ㡣
ִء
ֵ˽Կ˹֮УƸûһɵ֮ɫҲûгִ㡣
λߣʵǿεȳ̶ȣкεȵƣƷǿƣ˵
Ҷܺ棬֪ǿ
ˣ
Ƹץָͷ֮ǰǹ׵硣
߳߳߳߳
һڽɱǰһδε˸γһɹ
ʱӿȶĽˣȻɱöѺۣն
ٴξǱһ׵ķѡ
ǿ
ԭλߣʵǿᵽֵزһˣҲϵֶΣýƴƣ顣
ٽᣡ

ַ棬ҲǺ˻Ϊսˣͽ
˹ƣǼƸֻ赭дץָһǽ潣飬Χռ䣬һ飬κιƣҲ޷Խռ䡣
ƸȻ
ٴιƣ޷˵ˣ˵˵ӰҲûһ˿˿
ۣ
κιûЧִϢı䡣
ڲγһǧ׾޴۾ˡ
֮еĸȻݣǴ֮Уһ֮ͨһۣ
𣿴ˣһƸ
֮ͨ۾֮һǴ֮УһϹžͷͨУʩչԺκǺԨԼãã
ȷϧ˴ˣǷֶΣ֮ͨһʵҲûУ
ǵȻ½ɽͨ緲ϰѣ޷
ƣ
û뵽ûչƣƸͻȻ
䣡
˹ۿ£Ƹһֻţ۾üġ


1437 
ǿͨ顢һͬʱǧǿҲɡ
ִֻʮƷʿûһ˿˿˲
ƸһƣȻΧʮ｣ռ䣬ץ˲ȫ顣
һĻˡ
ħۡͻӡۡϹݡ
ִ߼ʮʿŽռһͬ飬ɡ
ͷƸһдռ䣬Ըȫɣ
ͻתֱ£κǿߡ˶ˣλǿߣҲľͷƸչͷһͬɡ
Ƹֶʮռ䣬¶ֲǺӡڶ֮Ҳ޷븵ڶǺ֮С
ƸͻȻһЩӡɱһľӡȻ̫࣬ÿһʡ
𺳳Хӡɱһӡ
̩ҲҡͷܣκʿҲ޵˵ز

벻ǣͻӵվֵ۹롣
Ƕǡˡ
߿֮У֮ʮͷ˻ƣĺ
ˣ
ڣͬλáͬռˣҲλͳͳĿɿڴˢˢӡ
ˣ
ˣ
Ƭ˺ѿռ䣬ƸĿ⽹£ݲȡ
Ƹγ֣黨ףߵʮʿߣֽʮռ顣
ƺһУͽʤ缦һ顣
ʲô
ߵʿһΪǵɾҲڶɽ֮ʱɶɽٷȥ
λڷ۷ʵǾܲסƸһУ
ˣʲô
λߣ
ͻӡۡħۡϹݵλߣҲû־ʵ
ֲͻӡۣѴŲлǿߣͿһʧȥ
ˣ
ӣˣ
޼𡢰Ħ졢ӡ賤ˣΪģ˼ֻж˵ľη
޼𣬿ҲǵһΣˡ
֮ǰǴõࡣ
ɱ޼꣬ѱȴ
δӻﻺֳˣ˿ɱȻϼǿ߸˾̾
ž
Ҳʯ˵ӣͻȻԺ֮УͨԪΧһЩһЩҫ
ˣ˲Χ
ΪΡ
ͨԪϷ濴ͨԪĵ£δڴ߶Сǧ£¹ȻͷϢ
ĵ²ֱ仯Լ߶Сǧ
һܡ
ɫ䣬ںϸӦǰ˷
Ӧˣռ䣬桢һͬƸһǸԼԱɿĿ⸩
治زţްǿɽޣôעˣ
浹һں񶼱ˣҲ֪ˡΪעңҲֻǴңϸĵ´һѹȣҴϸоΣգ
Ȼ泬ʿΧ̫ﵽ۷ʵǿߣ˲ȥעǣƫƫע㣬ˡɲżȻ
ԣ˴˵֮ڳҵΪʵһ㣬ȴڴңȷ⣡
ǷΣգΪŨңǿʼû顣
ܵõע⣬˹ƻˣȴ
½Σ
˺ѿռΧ
ʮǿߣճ֣ʮʿҲٴ˹
ಣ
û뵽
ǧԨħˡ
Ųħǿߣֵ۹λǿһѡ

賤˿档
ֵ۹ˣ
ħҲˣ
뿪
ʱԸλߣȥϷͷ·ǧǿδȥ׷ɱħǿߣΧɱʥ̸֡
ԾͷΪֻһ˿صıԴ󲿷ա
һŮԪд棬뿪½Ľżй¼˿ɲ֮ǰʥоȨ㲻վ³ܣ
Ϲݣ
ྯ棺ͻӡۡħЩֽǿ߶ˣҲ֪ЩţǱλԽ߸޷ĴڣλκξͷҲǶ֣Ҳò뿪Ʒ磬ֻж㵽λ磬ܱܿЩˣұץʱ䣡
û뵽һλߣñλ绹죬µʶħۡͻӡ
ʣϹ٣׿ɺã
ĸȻᱻҺúñʥ̰ɣ֪ҵϢ˵֮꣬⣬ϹҲʥǿʧȥ
Χס˺ѿռ䣡
̶ʱ䣬ߵȸȥǿǣǧ˿ʼжƺҪ֡
Ҳߣ
ʣΧʮǿߡ
תԨȥλ˴˺ѿռ䣬Լǿ߱Ͼˡ
ˡ
벻
ΪۼǿߣƷ統ǿߣҪֶԸˡ
Ȼۣʾˣ߶ƣռ˹¡


1438 ˳
ݼɣͶء
ݼɣ
Ҳ¡
ɣ
ʮƷʿҲͷ¡
Ⱑ⣬ΪټǿߣִˡŴҪ֣
۰ۣ
ִˡŴЩ˱Ǳȱ컹죡
ӳʮ⣬նʮˣ߿𵴣Щãŵǿڣ¹
ǲҪս
Ƹ֮֮𵴡
飬ʶɾ
뻤𣬴ʱ¹ٺΧƷ羫Ӣ¹
ܶ˲ǲԸ¹
ɣ
Ƹˣ֮ǰҾ˵Ҫ˵ģ˰ɣ
ҵȷ˴ȷɾǾ죬ķڷ
ƸΪգЦӣ˵Ҫ˵ģǲ֪ЩƷЩΧЩʿ

ǡ
˭
ǿǿǸһͷˮ
û˿Ըһش
Ǳ͸ѡˡ
˴Ϣѡᡣ
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΢΢һ裬ʱ˿̣ƺҪ˵ɺ󷽶ǿߣʱ۷Ѫ
ǧѪΪѪҲʣһ顣
кܶ½ѪʱҲûС
ͻȻ¹򣺡ɾɱƷʧأǰòλս꣬ɾҪƷн𰡣
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ߡ̩䣬ͳͳ¹
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ûٸˡ
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һĻ˲ŷ֣ԭһֱֵƸֻǸС࣬һֱδֵĸǿߡ
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ڶʮͷҪزһ֮С
ͷŸӦ桢޼𡢰Ħ졢ӡ賤ں֮ױ֮峤ԹŵȾͷĿɱֶΡ
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ִ˵ͷ˻δع
뿪ݴ½ǿ߻ϣ
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ƸͻȻͷһ˶Է󲿷
˹µȴûһ˶һ¡
ǽСӣˣɿ󰵰븵˷
δҵӰӡ

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ǰףˣ÷ӡģֻмѣһǣ׻Ϊ촷ۣںϣ
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ʱ仹ܳԣСӱض뾡취ƷǣȻص˵
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תĿǿϣʵƷǿģӦҲ𣬻ս𣿡
ңͷæͷκǿҲ̩˴Ҳͬˡ
Ǹ𣿡ֹ⸩ˡ
ң
ڳ˹ޱȡ
˭ս˭ƷսƷҲҪƬǺӣΪ촷ۣԶʧȻ½أƸֶ
ߵʿ䡢ͷŸվΨΨŵŵΪ𣬺ƺƵ˷Ԩ
ݴضٵطʯΪɫ棬Ҳ˿𵴣ԵЩ
ǧǿԶ½ҲȪɽء
ǿߣ桢ͷΪ𣬿ٷա
ʧϴ󣬿ʥ̡ħֵۡ۹Ѵݴ½룬ҲӰӣ
Ϳ½渡ŵģ˽٣ţҲ֪ҵˣҵʥ̣Ϲ֪ټֶΣô֣ɰնԸʥ̣常Ϲｫ׾ȳ
ԭһ㣬ˣ
ʥнĸ׾ȳĿǰŴǿߣȫаվˡ
ʥ̶ˡ
ʮϢǧһ̷붫ʤݣΧǧѱʯ̣Ϊ½
ױ֮Ϊ𣬽븹УǱǱ½
ξȻֻ䣬ʯ󲿷ֽҲǿ顣
У
Ȼһױֳ֮һƷںϣǸһЩǧˣҲʮֳ档
ʮͷڵ峤£͸أˣδ㣿λˣû죬ǱػʱڣƷ磡


1439 뿪
ʤһ˳̫ʣ绤ߡˣҲ½磬ٴαԤϣܣ
˵˵뷨
ʵѲɵλԼִˣΨʡ
˲ƽ޹½磬Ʒʷϣδ˽٣Ȼ˾ٶʲôĿģ
ִ˳ǲǴӴԺִ˱ɽˣִҪڱ𣬶ǱȻ޷⣬ڻڶʱ䣬ֶܵδѹ
ǿܵģ˹ҲϿִˣҲˣٴƿƷ硣
ִֶ˽ģɱôˣһŹڡ
Ҫ½ĿģѵλԽ½Ŀһ½ӶԴ
ӦûҪ磬ӶԴ
Ħ졢ӡں֮ױ֮賤޼峤Թšһͷ̵뷨
Ψ桢桢ţ־Χͷ
ˣʱڰд㣬ûдκˣΪ
ͻȻ˵˷׷׿ֻһ鷲ˣô½Ϊ˱ǲǼɱйأ
Ŷ
񣬺ⷬҡ
½Ϊ˱ΪĳˣҲΪء
ں֮¿棺ɱ֮УҲе𵴣ǵâƷ񷣬пܱϽĻĿ˵㣡
޼ǰǰ㣬ˣ֮ףۺĿǰҲֻб½磬ǲ½ӶƷ磬滹вλ磬иԴ˲ȥλ磬λ磬κҲ˵ͨƷҪĶ
Щλ紩ԽǣõϳɱˡҲоһѹѹⳡκһˣ͸
ٴοڣңȻ򶨿ЩԽԽκοܷܶղϸϸ룬ҪȥʥѰĸףʥ̳Ʒ磬ĸײ֪ᱻδã֮ˡҾλعǱ½ĪҪΪҶһҵǱ½ĪҪΪ˱˳ִ˵ͷ
Ħ쵱ܣҵȿɲǱ֮
˵ҲôǳȻţסѰһᣬǱ½һо½һͬΪ촷۳ȴֻл𣬴ҲǺɱ˵ģ
ҵ塭峤˵ں֮ױ֮һʱ䣬Ҳ޴롣
λǰǰٻĴ½ִҪǣֻܵͷΪǣҲΪ޹ˣϾΪѴﵽƷ۷壬Զȥţ󲿷˶ͨʿ޷뿪Ʒ磡
ˣ
ͻȻ֣ʾӵ˵֡
ץһöö䣺ЩõԴһȥпܲΪػΪ֣֮ţΪ޼սɢٵӱɱ
˵꽫䲻ǽ𣬶ǽں֮ױ֮峤ͷλǰΣڣǺˣ˭Ҳ޷Ԥϣһ죬ͷǰˡ
һͷ黹ûߵһǲԼԼ
ҲֻԷһû£ҶԣڱȥѰʥ̣ȳĸףΪҶһȳĸףұ뿪Ʒ磬ڣҲܻƷ磬ȶˣԻ
µֻܰռƻһرˣ
˭֪磬Ĵˣ
˲Ϣɱִǧͷκǰϡ
˲ٷ棬Դ
պãƷѷ֪ԺʲôӣԴǳʿеĸ
ˣ
˷Ӧᣬ桢ţӸжʧ

׷ȥĻӰֻк
̫Ԥϣ˽һжıˡĦ쿴Ҳǿǣ䡣
Ҳ֪һȥпܻҲпԶ
иһ㣬ҲΪˣΪˣŻȻ뿪Ʒ硣
Ͼﻹһ磬Ǵ඼пܲƷԨĳпܶ˸Ӧ
Ȼ
ȥΪľǲˡ
úأ
񷣡
ոշյˣԺͬʱں֮Ԫ
ǰǻɫ磬ҲǶʤڣǸʯڼʯûֹҲǧ꣬ƷΪһ
򶫱ٷȥĿǵϹݴԽ׺Ǵ޷纣


1440 Ե
ݴ½
ȪɽΪ棬Ҳвٵطʯ
һƬȺɽڽ֮Уִ̳
ʵ̳ܱӻ̶ֳȣڲ
һΧۼǧߣߡơҢȵȸ߲㣬⽹ȴš
Ҳ֪½ΪĿģˣƷҲˣ
ư뼸˽š
˵ãһ˵ÿ˸Ϊ
ڲ
󷨸ţڲƸ˸߸Ϸ·ߡ˴䣬ʮʿ
ǵƷ磬ʮǿߡ
˲˵·һ𣬶ĬĬ
½Ϊˣ
Ƹ˵ˣ˵꣬·ʮ̧ͷ
Ƹץһâгһʿ
桭ͷǵһʱţ
ǶʶƸ緲˰㣬ʵ
鱨Ϥֻ˰꣬ʹӷ˳ɳ۷ΪƷ磬˲֪˲֪֪λˣΪ
ƸʣǰɱǲǱõ
ǣͨ󣬾Ͻ֪½֮£¾ǰ÷Űǰɱʿᱦû뵽󱦱ͱõ
־սս
ش֮ͷ棬ΪɱҲҲ˵ĵˡ
ڿ̣վͷʿȴž
˰ꡭ
Ƹһɨû˿ݡ
صǰ˰꣬ȥǼ飬д
已̥ɣԼţҲҪǧ꣬ɽ֮ϣҲһЩߣ֮УŻҲҪǧ꣬ʵе㲻
ϵõǼɱغɽĳ½Ϊɽȡ
ƷҲټҪҵһˣеѶȣɳи֣ȥƷÿ䣬ҵ䣬˭ܷɿΪϴ裬˭ץɻɽ٣ɽ硣
ǣ

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ΰɣ
ôɱǳ½磬κɱڵϱ
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С£Ȱñǵ񣬰֮޸һǶԣҲһ㹦򣡡
ǣ
ٸҶ˵֣Сȥ
ЩҵټϣãӰ˰ܴﵽ˴ʵȷвŻҾƷںϣֻҪƬһ־ܽӦ־ͶƬκһ䣬С޴ɲأʱ˵
ǣˣ
ɿҲȥѰ䣬ҵǧɱ˴ӣҲϣǻջ񣡡
ֶɿ˵
ɿһСβͣʧڴ֮С
磡
ֻΪɱͺˣǿɴӦΪǶʯ
Ӵ뿪Щͷһ
ߴˣ˽䣬Ԫ
ҡҡͷǰ££ץס棬ǲŻ֣
˾ˣ޴ѡգֻҵ棬ˣƷ缫пܣΪŭ𣬶Ϳ̿𣡡
ûзӣ˾һᣬǿ߳Ѱ档
ãգǿһ󷽡

Ӱƿն̩
һϰϰͷԪţͨҪƿضʤݶ׾٣ǽǸӦ֮£
磬к£̩зʡ
ֵԵˣ
Ե֮ǰɼ֮Уõɱõ廯ԪɷͻԵˣ
㶮ʲôֻǹɱ꣬Ƕƿأ˽٣֮УոմһңֻҪɺ˼ܴǷɽ磡
棿
ŵģпܣҲûпܣ񣬿ԾʹˣǴǧ򱶣꣬޷˰һѣȱһ˾ǷõĻᡣ
ˣʲô
ץͯ
ץͯ
̩ץͷҲ벻ΪҪץͯ
ǿߣϢ뿪档


1441 Ʒ

ĵӰ˷ˣԽղ׺
֮ǰ䣬Ѱ޷纣
ˣӦþǰһʱ䣬ʮ׺з֡
úǰ׺Ȼǲӿ׵
Ƭ׺֮һжûзˣҲûκϢ
޷׺Ϲʶοƣ棬ͷŸӦӦⷽǧﺣ򣡡
ˣ
뵽īɽׯ뵽ȥһУ
ںϣһһʵѴƷ۷塣
ͷ籾ԴӦӳ֮˸Ӧ˷ȥ
ʮ
ֱǧӦһ죬һĵûһˣʲôīɽׯ
ӦȥǧԶȻһƬϷīʿա
ʥʿ
նȥ
ʮϢ˴ǰһƬʥʿ
ʩչϢ֮Ӷץסʥʿʧȥ
ƺ֮Уƿնơ
ʥʿһ棬ġ
ɭɭʣҲԣʵشʥ̽أʥ̳ںδ
һͷ̳һ֮ǰͻȻʧ󲿷ֽͽ޷߲ϵ̳ĵ֮ǰһ󣬴ʥ̳ˣͻȻ̳ʧ޷߲ϵʥˣ˸ɢȥⷽˣ֪ȥ
治֪䣿
桢治֪ź½磬߲صʥ̳һʱ̳ʧˣһʵشŵľս

һɱ˺ԡ
潫ԪĨɱ󲿷֣Ǽʥ̺ļ䣬ͳͳĨ
߿գٴںϣһʩչСǧӳظӦ֮
֮ǰ˸ӦԸǧȻСǧӳ֣ӦﵽƷ֮һ
ϧþ֮󣬷߶СǧûзϹݡĸ˿Ϣ
ֵеģʥ̻ĵ̳淢ϹݡԼĸһ˿˿Ϣ֤ʥ̳ȷ
ʧȴַϴҸӦԲ׽һƷ磬ûз֣˸ӦضǻͻӡħۡϹλߣȻ֪ǴӶʤӳӦڰ֮ڣ뿪Ʒ磬عĽֽ硣
ΪɱƬ˵ܿὫӦͶҵĸףƷѰط뷨̫棬ǶԸӦ֮һ磬˱ȻܸӦ磬ﻹ֮أߣǴʱͷƷ磬ǺӣȥλǺѰĽ磡
ãȥλ紳һ
ﵹ˷ܡ
նȥٶ̫ˣһǽ뿪Ʒء
ҲͰ칦Ʒۣ֮ӡǺ֮ͷ
£ʩչԴʼϢ뾧ںϡ
ţֵȲҲǼӣϴ󣬰ʩչħȦ˲ɱһ뿪αô鷳
ҡͷҲ˸ӦͶžڣǶԽԽܱǸӦ
ಣ
ںϾڰʱһӰȻҲ񷡣
ڰǺ֮Уǿշ籩һӰ𿪡
ӰӾȻһֻɫ
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Ǻ֮⣬Ʒռ䣬һռ価ͷ˲俴ǣֲǼϢǾӲˣ
֨֨
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ˡ
ۣ֮ȥ㣬ۿžҪɹں羧ڡ
ͻȻоһɶ
鿴֮󣬷ɱͷŵâ
Ϊλֶ
üͷͷŸӦ
ŴˣƺΧʲôڶǿ
˫۾
ӿٶںϾڡ
츳ǸӦﵽ۷Ϊôˣ
֮޵Сǧ֮УҲһֲԤ֪ͬʱоԾȻ鷢
ϧһͷޣꡭ
ϵһŴһЩƣ˵漴ںϾϵ
ٿ
桢ţǰҲ󷽡
ֻ֮һɾ롣
ڿռ汳ͻȻһֻɫ
ˡԺԪ֮

Ԫ񷨱âΪ渲ǡ
Ԫ񷨱
ɫɿҧ棬ָֻɿݱȽ滹Ҫ¡
ɱ
桢ţҲ֮Уɿ֣һͬȥ
Ҳʯɿ
ûп˭ڱ͵Ϯֻܵǰδев
ۣ
һߣ󷽱ɿײСβҧС
䣡
Ѹײڶ֮ƣһɿ
ɿֻ΢΢һд磬ҧһĴָ⣬Ѫ


1442 Ը
⣬ɿ󷢳Ц࣬ӲˣԪ񷨱Ϻ󷲽֣ûʱ䣬һھҧס㲱ӣ޿ӣ

ħȦ
ţһɱڹһɿҲû뵽һɱɱ
ž
ħȦɱɿһֲ
һĨɿͷ޴ŭ𣬱ɱħȦɳȥ
ߡ
ͷâ׶֮ʹ˲âգۼ䴩ϵ
˲ϢǰǺӣʯɣǼʺ˾ǿգϢһָоΪܡ
ڶǿգһ뷽ѩ֣ռ䣬ǺӣҲõõ
ಭ׽
滯Ϊɽ
ɽΪһɶ೤̤ɽ߶ݵǿտٷȥ
䣡
Ϣ˼Ԧɽӳǧ⡣
Ӳˣ
Ʒ羧ϵͻȻ飬ɫɿŭķѰ档
ڼǰ˲Ӱһ׷ȥ
ֻ׷ˣɽ֮ϣһ˼߶ɱǳףϾһ
ţֲ棬עķ
ʱɿ׷ɱٶȾһ²Ϣɿ׷ɱ
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Ǻ֮УһЩʯɿײ飬һľͱͷҧ飬κʯҲв
ޱǿٱһ򲻷ţ֣ڼ㣬Ҳֻܷ
ɪɪղʩչħȦţǿһƺҲδ˵ɿ֣¾ħȦУҲ˰ɣ
濴棺ϴ׷ǰζԸ
ڸоģһӦôž綾䲻ʯǰȴӰ£԰ס
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ɡ̫ԡ
תǰֻҲиķûƤ«ԸֻҪлᣬҲʩչɱסһῴ׼ᣬɱɽɽ̶ȣֻҪ˵ֻػߣ
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ӵɱǿɲƤǣ
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Ƥ«һߴСΪ߶󣬴Ӻ«ڣͻȻһɵԨؽˮ
ԨؽˮɱǰʯǺΪһɰ׺ˮ籩ɱɿһֲ
ﻹɿӰӣ
Ǻӽ飬ΪˮޣɿûУԻƤ«ԨؽˮּдǺӡʯ֮ǿշ·Ҳá
ƣΣϴ޵а֪
ţҲΪޣƷкЩɱвƤ«ţƺ壡
ûߣΪܴ߶Ƥ«ҼޣֻӰֻ󣬲˵ǽɱʱߣɱ鷳󣡡
˲ȥɿǺ³ͷ档
߶ಭ׽˼Ԧɽ߿Ǻӷȥ
ڻƤ«ɱƣϵԨؽˮƬǺֲ˳Ҳɿ׷
ԼĪʮϢ
ʮ⣬ƬǺ𵴳֮УʯɢɿǱܳջ棬ؿ˷
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ΧаӰɿָֻѰĪƹŶ죬ǿϵƺ«
Ǵ֮Уϵƺ«ϾƷȺִͥšʥɽټȻǿߵõƹŶ죬ǹϵƺ«
ϧɱˣҲᵱƺ«Ϊ䱦ֲܽҸ𿪣
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ɿĶŰ˷Ҳ޷Ӱӡ
Ϣ֮󣬻ûз֣ͻȻһӰӽ١
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Ҽʱ׷ϣ֪߶ƺ«Ǻ«ͷƣһƬǺ֮ϵԨؽˮûʮϢ󣬵ҳƹƣûӰӣ


1443 ĿĽ
ƺ«
Ǵ֮УƹŶ죬ǿŹϵƺ«
ǿ֮Уɽӵе½磬ôܴڣǲǿˣ
дǺ«΢΢ƣʲôɴ߶֮ƽƬǺû
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ƸһѪ⣬ɿ̫ˣѪϢΪȥ̫ңԶ֮Уȸһ󣡡
ˡ
ͻȻ߶ĳطѪ΢΢ա
һЩϢѪ֮а룬ֱΪһ
ڷγ֮ʣѪ֮ͻȻӿһѪӰѪӰƸɿҲԾ
ѪӰΪһͻѪⱣƺҪַ
ƸۣǼѪӰͻԼѪ⡭Ѫ츳֮УȻˣ⡢ĪǴ֮У޺᣿Щ鴫ߣ
Ҳϸϸû뵽һϣԭԶ鴫Уֲ˰ܴ꣬ﵽ۷壬޴УˣҲӵ
һƸڵ鴫С֮
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мִһ뿪Ʒ磬ȥĵطҲֻΧϽ磬λ磬Ҫ֪Ʒܱߡλ֣ҵȻƷ磡
־ͶӰͻȻһƸǺ֮ʧ
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ĽӦþƷϷǺӲԶֻҪȥǺۣ֮ʱʩչСǧһܸӦϹٻϢȥλǺӣȻѣĪżϾҪ׷Ҳһ룡
Ľ磡
ĸ䱻ϹݴߣȻȥλ磬Ҳȥֽ磬ҵС
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Ѫ飬ԪſԪ棬Ҳں֮С
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ӭ
ڴ޼̤䣬ܣҲɽͷѪ˿ڡ
µǣ˿ֻ֮һѪҲ޷˿ڼںϡ
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ֻɫ󡭡
򵥣
ʧɫüͻ䡢䡭˿ڹƲϣ
ܡ̤֮޼䣬ǺѹһЩйԵõɱ䣬ѪѪѪ١
ִõһЩʬ壬ռġ
ǿʬգվͬʱҲ־Сǧ컯󲻷廯ԪδŹȻûбҪȥ
ǿͬʱҲɽʯʯסƤ«ɫȱںš
Ҳ֪ǺӺδȻʯʣ籩ʱʱ٣ûκʯࡣ
ǺӸţͬʱҲһ֮
Ϊ޷ǺӣѰλ˿ֻǺ֮д
ɱʵǿ󣬸޷Ǻ֮дǺ֮ϢҲٰջ
˵һǺӷ籩ȵ
ȻûǸԼƤ«ںϣʱʱ̿պ«֮һ˿˿ϢϢ뵤ҩںϣΪһſ鵤ҩںϡ
𽥳ںɱףԼȥɱںϣʿںɱʮ


1444 ޼
ûǲںɱ
̩־ǰںɱɼѣ桢ţֲŵõɱˣںɱѳʿ
߳
ԼĪȥ
к«֮ǿʬ壬治Ǻ֮Ǻ֮Ϊﵽ۷塣
ͻˣ
ɽڱǡ䡢͡۾üġͷͷţҪ˺ѡ
״̬ȻҲʹžžը졢˺ѣ֮һѪⶼһ̿ʼơ
浹飬Ŀ¶㽹󣺡лƤ«֮֮ǿʬںϣ޼жҶҲСһ׮ȥΪͻƣַںϣɱ䣬ʵһӽ۷壬պ۷֮ұֱɱĽȳףҲȥֽҵС
ɽżˣǺӸ߲ȥϧֻܸܶĻɿǰǺӺֱײȥλʱ䣬̴롣
ڽ״̬ɸԴ
鿴ѪѪѪɱ䣬֮УӡһЩȻ׳˿ߣ˲٣ڸӡ֣֮֮ҲԴһЩ
ӡǷɱΪһ仯޼־ͷҲ־ӡֻӵг̶Ȳ֮һ
ֻɽɽϿʼϢ
滹δǺ֮ϣʲôֻ֣ʯеʯȻƷ硣
ͻ޼֮ɱΪԣӡѪ֮УҲһЩ֮УͨԪҲմȾһЩӡ
ͨԪ׳󣬹ĵһֱڷŹĻ棬ֻǸʯһֱûʲô仯
ʯ֮УλʯߣõСǧѹȥ꣬Ժʯûκα仯
ɽɫչҲ
Ѫɫ֮ʯͷȻھںϣΪϾҲһЩ֡
֮е鱦֮ǰɴ½Դڲһ˿˿ɱָ߼ϢҲһ˿˿廯ԪϢڲ΢΢͸
Ϣɼ֮Уǹ΢΢
Īǡ鱦ʯҲ֮ɼɼһ飿ĳرʯɱɣ
ΪӦ鱦ʯ֮У̺ϤɼϢԼ廯Ԫ
ֻһ˿˿ҲŪ
鱦ʯɼϢһֻһͣʯͷɼ
ϧ飬ɼҲԶΪû֪ܣ֪ģҲֻˡ
ɱǱ仯󡭡
֮Уųɱ
ɱƬ󲿷ֹͲһ֣ģɱϢȻ磬ݲںϡ
̺ǿ廯Ԫɱ񣬶š
ֻ˵ˣ˾ΪɱǴͷ黹½
оɱ̺ķ
һοʼУ־Сǧ컯ַںϡ
ΪҪǣջƤ«֮һ˿˿Ҳڻɱ䡣
ҲˣںϢ
ȥʮ꣡
ɽʯǳ
ͻȻٴαٻûҪͻˡ
ϴʮǺƯǽռʬ壬չˣԴҲˣ
ͻƸոձ޼飬֮ʣͰ͵ؿһۡ
󲿷ԴǣҲڡ
ռǿʬ壬ҲʱĿǰ˻Ƥ«ǺӾûС
ãһݡ
޼䣡
޼һУܵõԵ̶ʱɾǲܡ
Ʒ磡
ָʮ
նʤΧѴΪ޾ɫ½
򼸺ʧˣ
½ڲΧҲΪɫشһЩԺִʿ֮ѲţҿЩɫش
ִ̳
ڲֹ޷ȻǰΡȻһ߷幬֮С
̩ߵȼͷڵȴš
øƸ˳֣Ϸ¡
żͷɾͯ׼ãƷκһκκͯɾҪ󣡡
Ƹ˵
ȥ⣬һС㡢̵һӢÿǣͯ£Ҳ˱ż´Ӥ
Ƹͷ⣬ЩͯС
ֹ뿪
û뵽ӤеӤͯ޴֣һĺӣǺǰ
ţ
Ƹף¶Цݡ
ͷһʱɲ١
֣û뵽ͷһâһͯĲˡ
ͯڣû˿ʡ


1445 ˵Ŀ
·һĻͷǣˣֶΰ
Ƹ֣ʾ⼸ҪȥѰ棬ҪһЩ֣ЩȰشˣٴʮʿ뿪Ʒ磬֮汾̤ɽ磡
лɾȥ׼
Ҫˣ
Գˣ
̩Щͷ޲˷ܡ
ͷ뿪һƬɽϷ̩㰵дʮˣڿ뿪硣
ʮǲ֪ͨ˴䣬лߣ˭Ը뿪
һɣΰ
ͷ޷ѹĿϲһɢȥ
һ죡
ʮͷٴеŴ֮а䣬ߡҢ
Ҳٲ̩
ʮȴһȪðžâأ
һأ֪Ǳȥëϴ裬ӵ֮ɸס
û뵽ǣ֮УðһӤ꣬Ҳһ꣬м´Ӥͯ
һٶ
Ƿ·ʧȥ֪֮ţʮͷһĻԲǺεȴ
Щͯ˸о絶ʡ
ˣʮ汾ȥɽ磿
˱ء֮ͯϣĽƸʲôʱ֣Ƕδ
ɿҲһ࣬βˡ
ԹʮˣɾϽ磡
ƷǿߣΪҲﵽɾɽ֮󣬱ɷɽ磡
վ已̥¶ɽ֮󣬳ΪˣҲֻͨɣڵ֮ϵġɡǿߡ
Ƹΰ˵ʵѵ⳼ӣָأȿأ
֪кãˣǰһʡ
ΪǷëϴɣκһҺϽ֮ƷرԴ֮ںϣӵϽ֮ӵ½֮ϴ֮󣬱ܸȥ已̥
Щͯ
已̥һ취
Ƹ˵꣬˺֮ʡ
ͻȻһץһ´ͯӣ໽С
ƸǰͯƤȻһ͸ۿԿͯһ硢Ѫ
ţһͯˡ
û˻Ƹվ򸵳
ſ죬ź΢΢һͽӾһڣԽͷһѪ
˺ѷΰĿ޺
ˣ
ͷǵһŵúһ
ôˣƸգһߡ
һߣһը죬ըɤ
ɡɾ⡢Щͯսսˣ
ռĺӣż֮࣬ӵд֮ĺͯǳӵؾӵл֮УΪϡٵԪ
ǷˣȻǲ֪Ԫ󣬵ҲӦ֪Ϊͻ۷壬޷ͻƵĻֻľԪӶ
µ֪һЩΪʹﵽƷ۷壬һֱ޷ҲڲϺľ
ͶˣԪǲһֻԼӵУǸոճĺ̺ͯء֮ҲԪ
ºͯӳ
˵ˣȷ˸ѣܶͻƣֻ취ԪѰһʽСԣϴ裬һЩúͬҩϴ裬ҩںϣڲ˿ʣһӣԪ꣡
ԭˡ
˿̣ʮͷأϰٺͯڵ⡣
˾ȻúͯԣԴ
ԪҲΪϴ裬已̥Щͯɽ֮½֮ϴ裬ӵаɽǳһӣܳɣ취ټܷһӣֻҪʮ꣬ʮܷǿʵ
Ƹٴ˵Ϊ˽ָ֮ͣкͯЩֵͯǳˣǿʱ䣬ΪҳķϣһͯЩͯСͯŮɽǺöڳֻǰͿҪҪֻһΣ
ھͷţ
ԪԣȻҪԣ˶󷽷ͯΪǲԣ
оħʿкη𣿡帣䰵ʹļס
ɣõ賬֮ģſɵʼգ˸ԵһΡ𸣵û˿ԥ
صԣһŭǿ¶
ԣ
һ䡢ͷ󲿷һ̿ŶԷ
ЩͯɽУΪͯô̫࣬ԪҲʵƸʱûġ
һ۸
ſģؽһͯġ
ͨ
һͷ£ԥջ˳
һͬףҵԸ⣡


1446 
ʮͯǡ
֮󣬾֮ǰΪ˷ܣͯϸܵâϢ

һڱ㽫ͯ
ͷԥţһһͯ¡
һǲŴζӳ֮Уָ糣
ǰ㽻֮뿪Ʒ磡Ƹվ򸵳
֮ɿһʧȥ
ͷǸϿ뿪
ãִ̳ۼʿоŴҲǿߡ
˴䡢̩ҢϷ
ӭɣ
·ʿ
Ŀʮͷȥ񷡣
ɰʮͷһͬǺεȳ
ʮͷƸɿ͵ǡ
ͻȻ䣬ʮͷͻȻƷһӡ
ԼĪһͻȻƷءһʯǼɴС
ͷЩʯһϽıԴɡɾƷʣЩıԴȡߡ
Ƹһɨһ磬û˾ûˣʲôֵںģסǰ벽ɣǻΪ˵ĴڣǳɣԺǿ󣬿һҪ硣
ٿ
أϰٿıԴģƺĿԽƷ綼С
Ⱥƿնȥ
ɳ½
ˣɳ½½ʣµĵıԴˣߴʩչͨȡߣ
յ֮ͻȻɳǿߡ
ͷĪааӰˡ
޼ڼǿߣӦͷŷյأü֮ϣһҫˣû֮ܣġ
ɳ½Ҳ⣬½֮µıԴȥ
а񷣺޼ڣ޼ڤ޼ȷּǰ޼²رռ䣬λŴִˣⳡƽ޼Ҳ֮𣡡
ƷǱλӶᣬֱ˰ıԴӴԺƷҵǿ󣬲֪ǧ껹ƷʧӰΪһӣź룬Ҳ޿κΡ
Һǻ޼ЩԴʱֽɳ½ӡܽס˴䡢Щͷȥִ˰ܵش¶ɳ½֣Ҳɵǡ
̶̼
ĪаɳΪһ޼ڣʵǿġ
޼ܿܿ޼Щ֡
ֶص
һңԶ
һ½ںƶ
Ǳ½
ڴ½֮ϣ޼𡢰Ħ졢ӡ賤ȾͷҲӦʧĿ˽ƷıԴӶᡣ
뿪ˣ
ִˡŴѰ½ĿľǶԸҲ֪ζ׷ɱ
ΪϾ޼ܶԸɣ̤ɣ˹ҲκΣǲõˣ
ƷʧȥıԴһƷԽϡ٣һΪʹﵽʱһ٣ɽ磬档
뿪֮ǰǴ̺֮ҩϴһ֣ڶɽٷκ˶Ҫס
ηͬ㣬κԴɽٰɣҲҪɣ
֮ܣȻܷɽ磬ֻҪʱȷɽҲһ֮
˵ĺá
һͷĿȥֶٴ𺳡
ԶصĲ࣬˸Ϊ洦ͬʱ
ٻĴ½
ɶˣǿнҰٻĴ½ıԴߣ
ƿش½޷ֹͨ쳹
֮УԹ峤ʮһ
Ҳֻ˴ߵıԴ
ٻĴ½Ʒ֮ǰһ½ԱλӶᣬǴ½Ǳڻ޷ӹͨ˲ջƷ硢ɱף
峤ŭƽ޲ɱˡ
ָ
ϧþֻܿƷһǿʧ
һ̣Ʒÿ䣬֮ǿߡʿʹļס

Ǻ֮УȻʯա
ˣǾȻδҵλ磬ϴӦԶλ磬Ǻ֮УΧǺʡϢԱλ̫࣡
һɽͷ΢΢ƣֽ桢桢ţֱС
Ӧ˷ǺӣǺģ罬ֱȽһЩܿңԶǺӡ
꣡
ϴδǿߣڱչذ꣬һΣķǳÿһԵġڴλ硣
ֻ̯ģնͬʱ֮һЩǹ⡣
ǹ⻯Ϊһ·һС顣
ϴʵǿ̫࣬»޼䣬֮ʵȴǿˣţֿһĻֻ𺳡


1447 Ľ
濴һ⣬мʧ䣺ǺϢȷλǿʢڼǺӷ籩ʯ籩ӦλǺӣ̫籩ʯɳĮҵ򣡡
Ҽš
ֿʼ뼸󷨱ںϣʯ׻ɱɽ鱦ʯɫƤ«ʱʱ̿ں֮С
֮ʩչ־ԴǺ֮УһЩǺ֮һںϡС
Ƥ«ƯһƾӺ«ͷų澫
«ڲ硣
һ֮УԪʶš
ƽˣƤ«ںϽɣ󲿷ֻصģ޷«룬ǿ߶«ͷһЩ
̶ֳ㹻Ըκʿ֮⡣
ˡ
ֹȥʮ꣡
ָһ㣬ǰ꣬Ʒӳǰȥ
֮УǺ֮ˡƯðա
ʱʱ̿汣ںϣͷŸӦããǺ֮УӦϹݡĸϢ
ͻȻزѪһЩѪɱͻҲΪϢǿѪȻһͷͷڷѪ
ֲͻƣδΪѪжѪ糣û˿˿쳣
ڸӦ֮У֪ѪͻȻγɶ
波ԼѰѪڷѪ𣬾޷ʲô
Сǧ
Һãʯףʯߣжط
˲䣡
ȫʵ·ʮӦǼͷжѪΪģӦͻȻ˷Ǻͷš
澪ϷǺӣһϡϴζϢӸߴǺ͸
˵ϴˣ
ȷ֮Ѫһ˿˿ӦйأпĸףҲпϹ١
ɸӦ״̬߶СǧҲںҵĸײҪġ

һɽˮ֮еɽȡ

һƬӰգɽһ®ȥ
®Ǽ򵥣ľ顢ٲݴɣ·𾭲סͻᵹ
˿̣ʮīӰƮΪһʿ
ԭʥʿ
ϹݴжԵЩмΣ벻
ʥʿҲ濴Χ˿ʼۡ
λĽ磿Ҳǽ磿
Ӧǰɣ֮ǰǺӴ󣬿һ磬Ӧǽ⴦硣
λ磬ڳɹ
ǶǳƷԳɡ
ȴͬλ磬Դḻ棬ɱƷ缸ʴ̫ࡣ
®ǰϹݴſڣ俴Χݶ˵أ
常ϹĮӦ
ǻˣ
һӣͻȻľţǰ
һסţĦ졭Ƹ磡
Ħ쾹ûпһֱۣһĿ⣬ͶϹݡ
䣡
Ŀ˲ѹϹݹ£ҿڱǡ۽ðѪ
ô£
ʥʿһĻŪһͷˮ֪롣
Ϲסʹ࣬Ħͣ常֪²ûɺ񣬽أһн˳֣½磬һܽ
Ħ첪Ȼŭˣ½Σ²ΪꣿһУȥλ飬Ūһ㣬Ҫһƻ
֪뿪֮ǰ֪˲δץס棬˳ӳƷ磬ԣһĽ磡
ߡ
Ħ츺ֶľһ
һɨЩʥ̵ӣЩʿ㷲һÿϷճֲ
̡
һǿߣͻȻգͨʧȥ벻һĻֻϹȡ
ϢһΪ촷ۣǹǻҲδһ
Ƹ磬Ҫ㡭ŵһ԰׵䣬Ҳ֪һĦȥ
䣬ֻҵһӰˣΪţĦİ㣿Ҷԣֻλ磬һֻˣ
Ħһɨ䣬ͻȻϹң·һ˿Ϣڼ崫Ϊɲ壡
Źš
ȴϹͷâûֻʣĦڲ®ǰ񷣬֪Щʲô
Ǻ֮Уֲʯٲʯǿա
ˣǺ֮УΪֲǺѣʯǻƷ磬Ƿ˲飬Ϊ
ɽ֮УĴֿǹʯ۾ڲ
ͣλ磬ִʯҲᱻ龧ϵ
ֲ
ѹɽƣȴţ
ʯֻʮ޾
ʯɽ΢΢ͷţǿշȥ
ˣ
ͻȻһɸΪĶ
ز֮УѪɱ䲻ѪѪͷŷǳֲ
֮ͷСǧһͬϷ
Ԧɽٶȼӿ죬ԽʯȻϷǺ֮УƯһƷ޴ʮһŴ
ǴһŻ򣬴ѪѸͷյϢ


1448 ޼
һǣھѪƺͬѪϢǳɫ֮Уĳط΢΢ͷš
Ľ磿֮󣬻һͷˮ
һЩ֪ˣĽ磬ȻϹϢٴδ߶ɽ
Ŀ£ǿųɫԽԽʵԽ޴
ˡ
Сǧ߷״̬زѪѪѪΪˣȫѪ֮Уӿת
Ѱ
޷ӦȻǰǳɫһԼϢ
ͷɫ򣬼ƽǺգץһЩǺӾ
һ飬š
ƬǺӾƷ߼˱ңϹ١ͻչʵǱƷͷǿҲ߱˱£λǺӣ
ˣ
ԽǺӣѰλֻɳĮ֮еǺӴ
ҵλ磬һеȻСǧ桢Ӧֲϵ
ȥ£ټ󣬿߳ɫ򾧱ϵǰ
ٴͷŸӦ뾧ϵ΢΢ںϡ
һӦȻⷽλϢϹžƣزѪռ䣬Ѫڷա
һж˵ǰųɫ򣬾Ľ硣
ͷ뾧ϵһںϣϵƷҪںϴ֮Խ߼羫ܿ͸ںϡ
ûʱȥ
ʿûа꣬޷ںλ羫ġ
λ紩Խߣȥλ磬ҲҪһʱںϣƿλؾ

֮󣬾ϵͻȻΪһУֻ̿ڴ
ﶯ۰򣬽Լ֮̿С
ϤѹȶϢƷȫһ
Ϣ֮ǰããϤƣԼءϢ
磬ϢĻ
չ壬ʼںɣĽ磿λ磿ҺһؾȻֻһɾ
ţҲӣҲ޷̫ؾһްԣ޷
¶ЦݣΪλ磬ʡϢλ籾Դһģλ磬λ羫λͱⷽѹȡų⣬Ӧһˣ
ɽطȥ
Լһʱſɽɭֺ
ּһ޴ǳأڸԭ֮ϣһͷ۾
ûнǣڳǳ⣬ѰһƬɭ֡
ɭһЩϢܸ˴вҪ֪ʵɶǰɡ
ҳޣΧֲǶԶ棬ʢĴڡ
桢ţֻ΢΢գ࣬ھʹը졣
ȻǸ߼ڣ½ѹȡ
߶־ΧĽϢڣֻ΢΢ų⣬Ҳ֪ĳãܿӦĽؾ
֮һؾ桢ţ²żˡ
ðĽͷŻҷգ￪ʼĽ羫ϴ衣
û뵽Ѫɫ鱦ʯͷԽĽȻϢȫںϣ
ͷžͬʱҲͷ
ҲΧĽȻܿںϣϲ֣˲̬
ѪɫƯǿԣõʯͷ֮ܿͽΧȻƿء
֮ǰֻ̫ͣ鱦ʯ½ԴЩƣھ޼䣬ҷ֮еıʯҲһȻ
鱦ʯ
ϲ౦ܣһֱ֣򾳽̫͡
ûʵ޷һء
ž
ոĽؾ桢ţϲϴֲˣʱʱ̿̽顣
Ҳ˱仯Ľؾøɷ¶Ҳ飬ֻûǰҡ
ΪĽ仯̫ԣ׽ţеԽͣò
֮ǰ߶Сǧʱõ
ڱ仯ҲǾ˵ġ
ȾȫѪѪһ˽һ˷գز֮УѪҲڷѪ
ڱ仯ˣҲط
طҲڷգڳ
ٶȣʱ䲻ƣٶȽﵽƷ״̬
ʮ꣡
ž
֮е棬ʮ깦򣬾Ľؾ
һ˲䣬ȫȫӦĽϢҲһ̣Ϊﵽ޼۷塣

Ҫͻˣ
ž飬һﵽһ룬֮ǰ޼ͻ䣬̶ȸΪ
ţҲоĽж䣬Ʒ磬ԽӦǧңԶ
޼ĹУִӻƤ«һ˿˿֮һͬ
һ֮顢ͻƣһ已̥ںϡ


1449 Ĵ½
޼䣡
ͻƽ֮ͷŸйٳȥĽƷûʲôֻͬ桢߼ʸΪӲʯԱƷӲֲ̫̺࣬ϢҲԳƷ硣
λĲ
ԼһɴؾԼ֮Ϊﵽ޼߶ȣȲҪȥѰϹݡ
ûΪһˣҲ»ΪģϹ֪ϽöĿ
Ҳ׷
ǳأǳΪīǡ
ҪǲҪʯóʯ¶ˣΪκʣλ磬λźܴ֮ͬ
īǱȶʤκһǳضҪһڲʿƷ࣬龳컯쾳в١
޼̫ࡣ
λ磬޼Ҳһǿߡ
ɼûУܸӦǿϢ޼۷Ϊ
޼۷ǿߣȥ½޵еĴڡ
˷ֿռ鱨
ĽһƬ½ҲΪ½Ŀǰڡ½
½Ʒ˷½ľˡ
ͬ½ϴ½½ԼġĴ½˾ˡ
巽½ӵѧԺΪ½һѧԺеİ
һ޷֪ϹݡĦκϢϾīֻһͨǳأڱ½иǳء
Ħ졢Ϲһĳطȥɱޣȥȡʯȥ̻Ħ䣬ȥλӶᣬλ磬ȻҲһ
뿪īǡ
īǧ⣬죬ɱʮͷ
λǿ󣬾綾ҲޱںĽؾλ磬ʵȻƷ磬ﵽ۷塣
ֻɫһֱͻ޼䣬˿ڲųϣ
صīǣ̻ᣬֱڴĦ졢Ϲ䡣
˵ջ
һҾ¥ոϢ·Դȡ
ʱĽĥϣϰⷽλ緽档
̻ռĽ½Լ岻٣ϹٸռҲ١
ѰһȻ֮УһΪĴ½һռ塣
⴦ƼĽϼ֮һպüڲһϣĦ졣
ƼĴ½룬ˣͬҲһЩµǿߣûĦ졣
Ħڼֻһλϣǿߣǳϣű̻ᰵбע
ϧûйĦģ¼⴦Ƽһһǿߣǿ߼¼һһ֮
𡭡
һ֮У⿴ƼҰ֮ʶҪҵƼҡ
һ԰֮أ˳ơ𡯡ҲĴ½Ϊǿ֮һͬҲĽ磬һƷԹš峤ͬȸ߶ȡ
ֻǺټǰƼżȻ֮޹ڻκμء
Ħ⴦ƼҡĽ½̫Ϲٸռ壬ֻҪҵ常ȻҵϹ١
õ𰸣һʱ䣬ﶯ뿪½
½޾Ӵ󺣹ϢƷ࣬ǵȾ޹֣ҲƷ಻١
ҿʵﵽ۷壬κǿ󺣹ָӦ֮ҲԶԶرܡ
ԼĪ죬Խ޾Ľ½
Ĵ½
ؾȱ½һЩոߣܼúľɵ̴һ־ֵ۹ӶƷ磬սһ
̣ŴսĽһЩսɱƷ磬޷ֵ
ЩսĽ粻ԡѧԺΪӴ
뵽֮ǰЩżѧԺĽ磬ѧԺΪµһҲĴ½ǿѧӣֻصһɢѧԺԴнഫѧԺ£
һ˫ۣɵÿ½񷣺ϴһɽǳ£𣡡
ȷǴ½񷣬һƬɷ֮ߣؼ

ڲͬ٣
Ժˣڶɽ٣Ƿɴ٣Ӱһ½ɽ֮ǳɹܷɽ磡
٣ǰδƷ˰꣬ǺƯһ꣬Űδɶɽ٣պҲҪȥ½Ϲȥ֣
ɽٷ
Ǵ¼λ绹λ磬ⶼһ磬ǿעĴ¼
ԽߣһЩ̴սʿҲƬЩʿȥΧ۷ɴ١
ǧ;ʿԽԽ࣬Ƕ쾳Ϊ޼Ҳв١
￿ѧԺѧԺǿ߶ɽٷѰٶԱȵͼһĿȻ
ʱ֮󣬿ҪѧԺǰһƬƽԭԼɽͷۼŲʮʿ


1450 ɴ
ͷӿһɽͷʶԱ½½ϴ½·ԼĴ½ʿȻ쾳٣޼ҲǴɼһЩڸ߿֮Ư
Ӧʮʿ֮࣬ǰɾͽǧˡ
ţƷаɣҲ˰ˣ˹۽ٰɣнǧˡ
ôĽжٰɣ
ֲͻǰλ硣
Ľ磿ôǿߣˣҲĪй˶ڣҲ٣ʵЩɣҲûв࣬Ҳǵ񷲽ͷ֮һڰ潻
־Χʿ֪ζɽߺܲ
Ϊβ
һͷһš
һ𵱴ʿ֮УһѧԺǿɴ١
Ϊ졯ǧ꣬ΪﵽɾѧԺԼĽͷʵǿĵ֮һ
ڴ˻ִţСõԵĽ缸ɼһδδΪѧԺͣתȵȡ
ˣ
ȻۼʮĽǿߵգ뿴߿ա
ˣ붼ǰɣۣýšġ֡
ͷλߣһʮӡ
˾ǵĽ磬ΪǿĴ֮һ졣
ǧͳΪѧԺϣƷ磬ȫʵʸ񣬳Ϊһ䡣
ܱȣ
ƷĽͲܱȣ
ĵԵŸʮʮʿʮ⣬Χһ˺ƯڰտŴ
ѧԺǿ߷ֿʮһ䵱ػߣҪػɽٷ
Ȼ˭֪һ˰·ɱʵ۷壬ɽ֮ʣҲвһ޼ǿߡ
ˡ
˵ȴٿʼ¶վ֮£
ڵزһЩѪʼգΧҲʼӿ
ĪʲôϢѪֶ
΢΢һһָͬӦ
ϢһͬעǰʮʮƯڰյѧԺѧӡ
һλΡȻѲķӣҲʮӣΪҲǰɣһһʥߡ
ӴϣһѪͷյ
ӦΪֲʮѣڼϢ֮о˷֣ѪϴΪƣ
Ҳѽ⣺ѪѪҲǻ򴫳УһϴϢ㾪ƣ
桭
дӣʮӣһߣ㷢ɢЩңٶ罣棬ơ
ۿӣҲϲѪѪ
ȥ֪
ΪšѧԺǿһһĽĵӡ
ΪԾǣ˾ҪȥѰҵǴƼҡ
Ĵ½ɽƼҵ峤ӣҲƼҴү
Сʳڣ巽½졢յصţͬǧ꣬Ҳͬһɡ
ţ
ǸҪҵƼң
ϴƺڤڤ֮УˣǸ常Ħ죬ڼһϣ
̤Ьٴ
һ壡
һҪѰһһǿߣͦ׵ġ
Ƽ治򵥣ҲĽϼ壬Ϊܴﵽ۷߶ȡ
꣡
󣬹ٴʮ˸Ÿֺڰ𻨡׵磬͸䡢ȸָϢ·ҪһƬضû
ɴ٣޼٣ͨʿԣҲͼٴﵽʮ
ֲóߺ٣
˽⵽ɴֻأһΪ̺Źɴ٣𱩡籩ױΪǻý٣ΪɣֲҪɽץ̶ʱ䣬ջ֮ܽ
ɴأһΪУڶ־УؾǶԵĿС
κһعϵ󣬵ؿƲֲջ̫֮٣޷ɹ¶ɽٳɹҲֻܳΪһͨˡ
ͻȻ֮߳
˱ľ߿գһһͷžؽٹ⡣
ͬ쾳ʿ޼ھٲࡣ
Ȼɾɴ٣һؾ͵Ѱһأֲ޷Ϣ
ʮ˽ܴϣоһϢζ
ֻдϢԼ֮нٶľŵٹ⡣
ÿһٹ֮УѸͶһ٣ǽٻ𡢽סףգ׵羪գɷɷ
ɴٿƾɽٷ磬ڲ˺Ϊɷ籩Χֲ٣һͬɱ
Źɴޣһͷͷ뽫Էɣýʮռս˺ѡ
վԽ翣ΧճΪԸӦҲ޷


1451 ɸ
Źɴٻδ飬ʮɽҲڿʼ
ٴѹµ˳̶ȣղرʿ顣
ţ¶ηηģϴɴ̫ˣԺҪɣȻ޷٣˿£пܶù٣
ٿѹƣʵﵽ۷壬ɱǿԴٵģȻɴٿ¡
ʵʱɴ٣մӶ쾳̤޼ѹǲġ
ڻ޼ȴ޼̤ɾɴƿճ̶ȣӦñȴʱԵɴٻҪֲ
˵Ҳ´٣ôҪκʿҪɵ٣Ĵǰδеġ
ʩչɼ֮Уõɱ
˳һ󾪺
ǾŹɴɱûʩչͨɴٶԣ޷ͨĴڣǴ̫ǿһ˲֮С
˵ʮˣ޼ɾͷ
Χ·һɫСߣΧ
СߣһϢΧȻĿɱһɫӡ
һɶ೤鶼ǽģ̫֮ˣһץ˲һɫƣڰջ
ɱ
ɱ
㵵ĿգϴǼɱоħȦಭ׽ɽһ
λȻһţӢӵɱƷ磬ֻ̩ǿߣӵɱСӹӡͨЩˣҲӵɱ
ԣһɱҲͬ𺳡
ɱ̫ˣҲͼˣ
˭ϵټĽ磬һͷһɱôĽ磬Ȼиɱ
λʵ

Ź֮£׵ͿƯš
˫֮£˫ּϷһһߣ˲ɱŹ֮С
Ǹ߿ͻȻֽۼٻ𱬷׵߳壬һɹɷ籩޹켣˺Ƭա
ϡܿھŹ֮ɱɱȥŹ½ٶȼȻ֮ѹȣҲѹ޷٣Χءն
ɱһͨצӡץЩ飬һ֮Уֿʼ
ȻһƳϴ㿴ǼнǲЩƣ

޼һƷʲǸ߼Ѿǳ
һԱȣȷЩơ
׼뿪˵أǼʶˣٸȥɽȻĿƿ
Щᣬ˹עʱ˽Զȥ
ΪθղйɼϢΧĪҲмۿ٣
Զ
Ϊ커ƼҸţż˷˳
һ
ԾٶȾһƬ޴磡
ѧԺ
ĽǿߣЩǿֻصͬѧԺΪڡ
ޱȴֲû졢־
Ӧһնȥ

һƬֺǰʯγټޱߵֺ
УϡһЩΪȺɽ
ֺʱڲһӰƽԭƽԭ֮УһͨǳأǳΧкüɽ
ɽ
Ƽҵ̣ҲĽ˶֪һ
ˡ
ѪϢһԶաӿ
沢δ߶ӦȻ䣬;ôǳǳһһѪǳƵϢ
ô£
ĪĸϢ
ϢǳǿңƺѪͬһޡ
ͷŸӦ˽ϢӡҲùĵѪѪӡ
֮ǳأȷֻͨɰˣڽʿϢٶ龳컯쾳޼١
ǳ֮УҲһЩѪһθӦѪƵϢͷš
Īĸ׾ڳǳ֮У
ǣԽǳأѪԽӡʱѪͷŶ
ǳأһ罫ǳظǣǳҪţ䲻ýɾʯҪ̲顣
ҲϹݡ常Ħ
ΪݾߣͨʿŶӽڡ
ڹɫ㣬Ȼͨ롢ɾ
͡
Ⱥ֮У΢΢ͷŸӦڷϢ͸Ϊ£ѪǺ֮
ͷŸӦڳǳ֮УλɣѪϢ
Ľ
һ̻ᣬ̻ɸ󡯣ǳ̻ᡣ
վɸǰ͸оһݵϢڲһֹһ
Īͷԣùĵ½Ϣٴηӡ̻ᡣ
вڽף𱬣֯ͷŸӦڶʱżһŮӣ˽׼


1452 С
ŮϣһɼӦа˲ƵѪ
Ůӣ桢ţҲǵ𺳡
氵̾Ϣϴ󣬲ῴɣΪһİŮϣѪѪûͬѪǲƵģ
ֹһˣʮɡ
Ƭ̣챻Ůӷ֡
ŮҲǼۣû⡣
һ䣬ˣҲ̻ṤԱѪҲ߲㡢˳ơ
ˣ
ҲмˣĲҲУһѪоųơ
ӦԷӦɸһ߲㣬֮УϢޣΪѪǷֲģΪѪǱӦ
ųƣ
˼࣬ѡȥ¥´ɸ
ܿջԭɸƼǳأҲƼҰƿء
ƼҾһ
ô˵ѪϢʮƼңΪƼѪϢ߳ɡ˳ųƣ
ѪϢǶһ޶ģ
ÿ˵ѪŴͬѪѪֻһѪſͬԴơ
ˡ
¥ﰵѰ֮ʣ·ִϤѪϢ
¥һ¥ʮʿǰʿϢȻҲѪζ
ϸϸһͷһŮҲʮӣᣬΪ޼ͽλ
ˣ޼ΪԶԶհ¹ǧĺѩӡЩŮ
Ů¥󵽴ӦǼҶ
ȻһŮ׷׶ܣǳŮ
ʾ⣬Ůȥ
Ů֮˲¡
ŮϣҲӦа˲Ϣ󼸸֣Ҳ߲ѪϢ
ʱˣҪŪЩϢץסһˣ̽ɣ
ð취
Թ壡
ÿ
˭֪ոշŮĲ㣬ԱߴľͷŮȳ⡣
ðԵ濴ŵòᣬ˺ŮǼ֣Ҫ֡
Ůٴɨһۣűıȥ
ʱˣдϴŮСΪ
С
˼ֲ˽
ǵС㣬û˸ֻ˵ʱ򣬳ҲƼҵˡ
Ƽң
Ƽң
ֹ⿿õԱͿԴ˭ǰԴ
ȻһоųѪϢߣŮ
ŮʵһЩ
ߣ

һ̣һһͷ΢΢ѪƤ˿ͷϢоޱϤ
ѪϢһѪϢ
һη񣬾þ޷ӦͻȻڣˣѾµ˰ɣֻ㲻ⷽȥ룡
ҡѿ
ǻۣĴ½ӦѪϢȻ뵽ûѪԨԴİˣǲѪ
ţ˾ʹϣӦΪϤѪϢϢǳʵڣܿزѪգһͷͷѪҪ
ȫѪΪŶڷѪһİˣܻѪ˱仯ʮʿ֮УΪƫƫֻѪ˱仯
ɸƼʮˣѪѪڷգѪڲϣоųѪϢųֻмѪһ˲ſܴﵽ˸߶ȣ
ּʵһĿȻֻ˲Ըȥ϶ѣƷ粻˵ļң˲ƷʿҲλߣλߣļҾĽ磬ɽ
ͨԪԱߣûһ˿˿治ģ˵ģһ˵װס
Ѫ
ֻһУͬѪ
κİˣҲѪϢһ
بŲġ
ţɽѪоһֱգһж˵ƼܲɷֵĹϵ
ƼѪС
룬ƷʿƷƷĽźǺӣλôˣһѪϢ
ֻһͣҲĽ磬ɽƼңơһѪ
ҲƷ硭
˵ˣǻۣô벻һأ
Ϊ뵽һ㣬Ųȥ
һֱãԼƷģһӣλ˸ûϵ
أ
ʵʤ۱磬²ȥţԸϣƼңšԼʮˣѪ
̫пܣͬһѪһˡ
𺳣ܡ
һԭص㡣
ƷĽ磬ôΪλƷ磿
⣬ס
˵ĶԣץһˣѪ֪ˣ˾ģ˷Ѿʱ䰵Ѱҡ


1453 Ƽ
ץһѪϢĸ֣
뿪ɸڳǳؿй䣬ʵڸӦ
ܿ죬ִӳӦѪѪʿ඼ǳǳ
Ȼˣ
ݷ죬˴һЩʿ뿪ǳء
β뿪ǳغʮѧԺǷȥ
֣
һԪ𵴡
ȻһɫӰӣտٳ֣һƬ
ʮʿ֮УǿϮոմ߷ϢͻΪǶС
Ǻǣʰ޼쾳СһǵɫӰӣΪ
ʮʿգ޷Ҳˡ
ǰһڲһߡ
Ȼʶɱű㣬棬̫ɱˡ
浭ű飺ڻɱˣʲôͻشʲô㲻ʵҿɲ
˭֪ɲǺȵ㡢ƼҾط£ˣѧԺЩѧҲʵʵƼأ
ǲײĲᣡ
һӡͻȻû˱顣
ӿüģһˡ
ͷһԪ񣬽Ԫһ˿˿
߼䣬Ҳϳǰ
ǳǳһҲƼˣƼһвϷɸߣԼǳسгһЩ
֮У֪Щ澳ȵܡ
Ҫǣ֪ǳغ󷽲ɽԭʼɭյ֮УƼء
ǳֻƼӴһǳأƼҿԽԴȡԴҲĽӴ
ɽڲƼﻹˣ޼ǿռķ֮һɾͷٶˡ
вƼӵܣĽ巽½Уֻһ
ǸСǳŮǰʱصƼҹУչؼ꣬ųƼϣҲ֪С
Ƽҵ峤Ϊ졯Ľһɢ޾ͷѧԺ߲㣬Ҳ֡
˶֪ǿ󣬵жǿȴû˵ס
˲֪ƼԼǶһЩӼ֮пʵʹﵽɾ۷壬ͿԶɽٷ
žӣΨһһӣСƼҵõص׿Խͷ컹Ҫ֡
Ħ졭
ڣߺһּ֮У濴һʶӰ
Ħ죡
常ĦƷ磬īɽׯʱģǲģֻɽƼҵĦ죬Ϊһ֣ҲʮӣƼһϡ
λ֮£ʵȨҲ峤
߼֮УĦʵҲ࣬Ҫһ֣Ľ磬Ħûǰ
Ϲ١
벻ҪʱѿƼҽ󲿷ˣģΪ
ȻһŮӳ֣һīŮ
Ůֻʮֳ꣬һڱһŮߣλ磬׷Ϲݡ
ֻ߼֮еϹݣἸ꣬Ϊɬ纬ŵĻ١
ϹݣƼˣСĦˣƸƼݣܱ߼ס
ͨԪ֮УҲм䣺ˣˣһжˣϹݡĦ춼Ƽһӣɽ
չȷ˳ʵδﵽ۷壬ҪλҵϹݺѣڡ
ˣ
Ϲݾڰɽ
ĦҲ
ĸ伫пҲ
ֵϧ߼֮Уûж㣬Լĸһ˿˿䣬ݣҪһ
û뵽ƼѪϵھͿڣѪǺģ
ȡ䣬ھҪѪ
ͷŸӦ͸飬Ƥ֮УȿƤ֮ĤѪ
ѪԽΪ벻ʮ֮һȻҲǻѪ
⡢ѪһģһϢһˣˣƼҾͨУһ˰
Ѫ֤Ƽҹϵ
ٽӦͷѪ
زظܿѪҺ֮УһЩѪѪͷžѪ
֮УҲһֻΪͻ̬
زѪ֮У·𿴵ԼزƵģѪҲǧѪ̬ϢѪһ
˲󣬼Ϊͻ̬ҲΪһͻᡣ
Щٴο϶ˣѪһѪƼҾһУһˣ
˿̶ԣһƬˣǰдѪѪŰ˳ƣҲƼ֮ˣΪβĽ磬Ʒ磿
ҪƼңҵԭ򣡡
ǱƼأӦϢ˵
ɲǼ䣬ʶ뿪
δֹЩʿй¶٣ʩչԪֶΣ˼Ĩȥ
ԴӶᣬһ治٣㹻һʱ䣬


1454 ޼
صڣһҾ¥Ϣ
ڣ濪ʼԴ̰ץ߸
Цеϴλʯ治٣λԾʯΪλʿһʯޱݳޣһ
ǲλ磬ȡλʱʱʵܴʵһȥƼأ
û⣡
䵽Դ֮ڷС
Ҳ߶־ȫڷѪӻƤ«֮ϴ֮УѪǻǹҫը졣
Ƥ«Ưھ«ȻޱȣκâϢǴų
һλ絤ҩ̷Ȼž飬һЩλҩλѹȣλҩƷ磬վ֮ͨλʣһ̷׷׾

λʮ꣬һֱûжԴУǲеģҩϴḻԴȻҲʵԾ
ԽоԼںλ硭
оԽ
ҲʵλԴëϴ裬֮ɱʱ֮ϴ裬Ʋ֮κλͷҲ޷ڣһ˿˿λϢ
ھλʣ޷λǿǰʩչ
ǲɱû֮֡
ΪޣˣܼԦ֮ΪҷձҲܽɱһɽ磡
Ҳⷽ棬㻹Ʒֱ֮ӿɽƷ
УãҲһ
᲻ã
ʣȻԴϲ
ԼĪ
뿪ǳأѰһ֣ôλʯΪʯ߶컯ں˲䣬֮С
Ҫͻһ硭λԴǺö
λԴ֮ʱʱ̿ںϣҪͻˡ
ڷѪѪڷգһδ֮Ѫ
ԼĪһº
ͣ
泤ѪҲŽ䡣
Զ
޼䣡
ž
Ϊ飬оһ˿޷һ˿˿ѪҲС
һ˽һˣͷţ֮һ飬ƤҲɲ˺ѡ
֮ѴһЩȻӡϢ֮Ҳ֮ͻ޼䣬߶Ƥ«һЩ
仯Ǿ˵ġ
λԴŽһ޼̤޼䡣
Ѫ⡢ƤǷ˿ʱʱ̴̿ڷ֮С
˸֪Ҳ
˫ۿΧֲһˣ۾֮ܿ⣬ܿȻռȻɶ¡
ϲˣ̤һ߷徳磬ΪںϣԪԪһںš
޷ĵԪ棬ѾΪһ¯
Ԫڷգ𲻼ˣΪһƬɫ棬ԪΪһâ档
գҲ˿ҲãӴںϣںԪ֮УҵԪ㣬Ԫһ֣ҵÿʼ֮Ϊϴ飬ں֮ԺΪƷʣû뵽㱾Ѿû̬
ܼͬһںϣԻΪκ̬ҲǶӣԳΪԪףҲԳΪԪ棬˿ûҵĹ̬
ͻƽˣ
޼䣡
һո¾磬Ʒںϣ֮УֶһЩӡ֮ںϣɱһ΢΢ųλ
已̥ѿʼɽ֮񼸺зͷ
ϴǲӦĽؾԪʵҲɾ۷壬ʵƷЩ࣡ҲڴʱЦûСŮ
پһʱ䣬ȥƼأ
Ҫһʱھ֮ɣںɱ

λǺӣ
һƬ̺ʯһĽһƯǺ֮УƬǺ֣ϼǺӵ׺

֮УƯһʳǣ
ʳһʥ㳡һͷϼ̨
ڹ㳡̨ǰһŮסʯţȻ߳һλŮӣλƷλߡۡһģһ
ˣΧŮ¹
ಣ
ǰڴʱ˺ѣƾճһС
ڻˣŮӼУһҲ֣·Ԥ֪л˺Ѷɡ
зɳһӰȻһۡ
ǳƣȻǺӴҵϵ̨Ϸ
ݼˣŮġۡ
֮λۣ˸֮ɫһʦǰһģһŮӣ˫Сģ
˫ףСͻӸոսֽ磬˾ͲϢȥ۹ʥأҵ㣡


1455 Ƽ
һΪΪ˵ãǴˡ֪û񣿡
ӦǲµûнˣԼʥ֮ǰ֮ǰҲ֪½֮£ǻȥˣ㣬ҲĪģϾͻҲδ񣡡˫οۡ
Ůһãߡʡһ
ʯţ·̨֮һ磬֮һϴ
󳤴ʮڴ֮һһ޴ʯ̶ɵĹϼ̨̨ܼطű˰
̨֮һŮӣС
С㣡
ۡ˫̨ǰʱ
Сж磬㷢˳֬£ǵں˸һ裬·ܽ绯
ͣС㣬½Ϊ˽١
С࣬˿߰ʾ˵ͷŸӦɽϢǺ֮дӦþ½磬ҲΪǰǵ½ɱȥ
СУѳɹƷ½Ѱ棬˵ȷƻƷЩǿҲؼд֮ħ۷ħۣһδֹǶ֣ĽΪϹŮӾҲδ棡
˿ɽץס
˽ʱһҲ֮ȥ֪١
֪١
˵
˵ʲô
һֽ
ȥϢ
СƱѩһ仰Ʒ·ʧ
ȥϢԹϼ̨š
Ĵ½ɽ
ɭ֮УһЩʱʱڹյ֮У졣
ӰնУһЩʹ˷Ϯһɺͷţκζ˲
ƼؾŻаҵСġֽƼ߶ļ䣬СǱֺ
ñһ·壬ӦʿϢǼ쾳޼ͷѪϢ
һڣƼҲΧϰٰ֮һ
ܹڣ̫඾ӴִȺ綾ޱȣκ޼Ҳ޷־綾
Ҵ󲿷ֶǱƼҰѱһҩģԼζЩرƼʿ
ҲӴ֮Уо˱ԴǧһԴƬɭ֣Ա´
ʮദڣвѪѪѪֿʼǳȻա
ɭֽͷǰһء
Ųٹɫ㽨ƾһСΧٴׯɡ
С֮У󲿷ܿӦʿ󲿷ָѪǹ
Сƾһͨ磬С󷽣ΪأһϢ͸
ϤΪһϤУǰòţΪʱãӦ
浱ڴ֮£ʩչظӦ֮
Ҵ߶СǧԸҵϢҲϢƼڶ֡ڣûֶΣ޷ҵټ
ظӦ֮СԼΧׯ
ٴδһʿ壬ӦϤơһѪϢ￴Ǵׯһʿ컯쾳޼Ҳв١
Щʿδͷƣׯûκ֮
һЩ֮Уǵ£һЩŨѪԼͷţӦڰչС
žȣϴС֮в޼ǿߣһЩɾ򣡡
⴦СֻƼͨϢ֮أС֮ʮһأƼҸ߲ۼ֮أҲʥأ
֮ǰȡļ䣬ʵдƿء
Ӧһ󣬸ϤϢִ֮Ǳ룬СΧڲøûʡ
ЩȻ޷ϢС֮֣Ȼ࣬ɶ޼ǿߡ
ʮ֮Уһ硣
죬ֺء
ٴͷظӦ֮ڲаءռ䣬ҲƼǿߡֵϹݡĦ졢Լĸ䶨ڲ
ˣ
棡
ϤϢشӵ֮д
н磬Ҳ޷ֵʵǿ桢ϸӦ֮
һϢ٣Ȼ΢ĳطһһϢϹٵģϢδ̺ѪѪϢһƼųѪϢ
ϹǱ常Ħ˴ߣƼˣȻûƼҶѪϢ
ҵˣӦþƼˣҵĸܾҪȳףҲҪҵ֮գҲҪŪΪҲĽ磬Ʒ糤󣡡
ǱƼأ
ͷϹݡĸףҲҪŪԼ
Ʒһͨˡ
λ磬һϣǿļ塣
ֿ̫࣬һͬǱȥ˽ڣǽƤ«Ϊǽɱռ䣡


1456 Ǳ
«ռɱ簡Ȼãǿʱʱ̿ɱɱںϣ
˷ܡ⣡
һץӰġ
˲󣬻Ƥ«ͷŵһϢ㽫ڲ
ɱռУκһ磬Ҳÿǿ֮͵ʥء
ͷͨںϣԼʮϢϢԽ磡
ǰȻɭ֣ǰɽٺɽ䣬һīɫʯ
ǰڣ
һЩɽ䴩ܿɽڴ߶󣬵޷Ӧڡ
޼ΪʵӦÿȵɾΡҲӵз۷ʵͨҵΪƼвٰɣԲҶ֡
󵨵زԽɭ֡
һЩɽ彥һЩ¥󡢹䳡
һЩ䳡ϰ䣬ӣһЩһ꣬ڶ֮
淢Ƽÿӡ꣬ϽһȦӣȦһѪǳҴȦӿһЩѪɫȦӵãѪϢٵؿʼɱΪѪ
ҵڷ翪ʼУѪûʲô쳣ֱʦ֪̺Ѫ
ƼҺӼͿʼѪֲţǧܴﵽ۷塣
ƼÿѪϢѪΪֲȾѵѪҲѪ
Ҳ˵ƼһѪѪҵѪͨͨɳһǵ飬ſʼһѡ
мЩҲԶԶѪ״̬
ĽЩӣҲ׾ѪѪȻɾ͸Ϊˡ
ٿԿѪ
ֽشӰ֮У𽥸ӦɣԼƼʿвٶ޼Ϊ
ˣһȥƷ磬ֱӳŴ
ϹϢ
δȥƼأʹҷأӦϹϢһ˿˿ҲӲĸӦ
ϾʵϹûв࣡
ϹƬطӦþ常Ħ֮أĦȻƼҾǿߣʱȥ˵Ҫ֣ĸҪ£ҿ˽ƼңҵݣȥӪĸס
ϹݾԶ룬ҲϢˣ
ھ͸ϹȥûУ
ǼΧ˽Ƽ
ţ
һЩ϶ӦɾͷȻĳطϢš
Ǵĳռ䣬ޱȾѪѪϢһѪռ䡣
ô˿ռڣ
͡
ԽǸӦǴռ䣬Ѫճ̶ȣզ࣬Ǵռ·йٻȥ
Ҫȥ
ƼԼƼ˽ȫ棬ʣ¾ˣоǸӦǴѪռ䡣
ǰȥ
һЩƼʿ޼ȥλ磬ǾĴڡ
ҲǶ֣
ϰλʵ޼٣ɱ٣
Ƕʮ
ʱһɽƯ·û
ɽ֮һ㳡ΧǸִСС
ʹɽѪڵزѪһѪҪ
ȻԺ˵ˣɽۣ֮Щ֮УһһǿԪϢƼĿǰӦǿߣ
ǿߣ
ǾƼ峤죿
ȥСӽ磬ɽ󷽣֮ϣԨײֻһ
һڣ
ʹǶ֮УޱȾѪ
أ
һ֮⣬ֱ֣࣬ɣʯһ
ԶԶȥ
ǿǻһϰɡ
ʵﵽ۷壬Ĵһⶴ֮УȻܡ
ԥϢ
ȥ϶ڲ֮УоջҪȥ֮п
ء
ҪȥҲǸ£
ȻӣһЩϤ򶣬֮ʱʱ֣ƺӦĴڡ
Ҳ֪ҵжô
޼̤䣬ִλλ硣
ڼδʩչֶΣ
һ̣һֻ򶣬ͫͻȻһһĨ
ֻ˲׹䣬սס
ɲ
ȻӡؿʼΪѪ
Ƥ˿ΪѪˮһϵǿжڡ
Ϣ
һʿΪѪڴʱǿнһֻڣǺεͨ
֮ǰɫģһ̻ΪɫģһԪ֮ʱʱ֡
̾ˣͨǸħһȣ㻹Ҫһ֣磬ҲЩʵۣǿ
ᣡ
ʩչɲǿжһֻ򶣡
緲Щ飬ͷԪѹʿԪȻʿԪ񣬶ʿ


1457 ̷
棬ﵽ˺ŵزһ㣬ܡ
ͣ
˲򶴸
һ˫ͫͨ˫ۣϿĴģԽԽ
ڰƬ̣ĴֻûжȻûоãһֻʲôͬѰ֮
ˣŷգĴɸȻûжŷ϶
붴ͨ˫ۣӦ˹ɣһʯͨ
Χвٵ񣬶԰֮Ϊ𣬵̳ӡ
Ƽͼڣ
һ磡
ǧ׺һععͷһڣȴӡš
ͻȻûΪģҲʱڣӡ˲֮С
ҿԶᡢ򶣬޷ͨ򶣬ʩչͨҪ磬ֻұ
εҡҡͷ֮һ磡
Χʯ׹ŵȻвʯʯʯ̶ɣʿ
ͻȻһʯ·˫ۡ
Ҳƺ˲תһΧʯûκ쳣
ԽòҴɣƺڰдš
ҵûвûз֡
ˣ
ҲǴɣϷӡ
ӡһʯڷӡţʯžͼڣǸ̬ͻ
ӡǵвڵң
ӦһԷӡһ˽⣬ͷͨԶ컯ʼӡںϡ
ҲϢһӰʧڷӡǰ
գۼ䣡
ǰһʯ׹ŵȻвʯ
ϢˣǳѪţǿѹƣҪ
֮󣬴ʱŵһΪҲҪѰǴǿѪϢҲϢȷʵһ΢ʿϢ
вƼʿ
ȻײȥЩƼʿ׼Ҳ࣬ȥѪϢ
ȻѪѪͻȻңŵôһ˿˿ϢѪδйǿҷա
÷ǳ֣ͷŸӦŵû뵽ӦһѪǺǿңԼѪϢȻгųƣͬһ
һѪ⣬ŵˡ
Ժ˵ˣƣһѪŽϵпܴϢҳƼұ
ҲþһԼҪȥ
ɲǼһϢ
֮ǰΪŵƼʿˣڹŵԶһʯš̷
ǧһӴؿ߾ͳˣҲ˵ǵ¶
ھһ̷ִͬʯ
ͷϢڲûһʿϢǳǿ󣬻ģǴ״ַ̬һЩʿһʯ֮УԭЩ˶Ƿˡ
ֲã
ǹϢҵˣȻ΢żȫѪǵϢһЩ淸˴Ѫ߳ɡ˳ơ
룬ִ߶û֮ǰģŴ󷽷̷
ûһѲߣʴŸһûƼҸģ޿
һʯ֮УѺһƼʿ޼ʮˡ
ʯȴٸеʯֻа׹ǡ
Ƽ˱һסһɣҪӳȥҲܣǳ棬Ĵͷأӳȥ
滹ǵһοƼôǿߣмɣ
ǵϢ
ʱ˷֣첽£ҵһʯ
ʯ֮бΪʿû뵽һ߸ʬ
ʬӦŮԣѪûˣֻʣƤңҪȫãˣֽšҲʵʵ
ʹʬ֮У沢δͷŸӦѪ𣬷طѪǡ
Ǿ߸ʬһһһ֣ϤѪϢ
ˣʬӦĪϵҲעţҲӦΧ
ǳʧ䣬Ϊҵһʿ
ûһ߸ʬ
ǸʬҲ֪Ĺȥݡ
뵽ָֻ壬ðƼأһǽҿ֮գһӪĸ䡣
֮գӦþ߸ʬ
˺Ŀ⿴ΧʯΣһʯοʱ䲻̣ΪѺߣȫʧҲήңǵز緲һͨ
ѱԵˣ
ʯ⣬ᷢͽʯδ򿪡
߻̧ͷһԼɫһ棬Ȼ˻ЦʲôûУòల
ƼҶһЩ飬ڲʷ¼ոս֣ҪһЩǰ˽ȥ
ʷǿװˣ˭Ҽ¼ܣ
Ե¼ڰԺ󽻸߲㣬ɸ߲ȥжϣղʯ֮Уһ߸ʬ֮ǰ͵֪ǸʬӦǼ߲㣬󻹱סʲô
ֱ⣡
˸ױ˲
һɲǼüͷһ棬͸


1458 
˱仯ĳЩ
Ȼ֪ʬݣʬĹȥǳ˽⣬ȻͬƼҲһλĺ
ߴŭΪΪţҲ޷ǰ岻ˣ㻹
ǼʷΪԹȥ֪Ҳ˵Щ˸Ӳ֪ļʷóǰ֪ʬȥһй£Ǹϲµˣרڼ帺ʷһ飡
Լ¼κʷЩʷ޷¼ģǾ߸ʬˣƼңκ˶öһ䣡
аȻҲ˵һлǰ˵ģˣ˶Ȩ֪ȥ飬ʷܱȼ¼ڼ֮Уٶһ֪ͶһݴȥĿܣ
֪
Ȼ롣
Ҫ׼ãΪ߲֪Щ£һʻ಻£꣬޿
£֪֮´Ӱ
úãʣʰɣ
û뵽ߴӦˣ
˹ϡ
Ǿ仰˵úܺãһ֪пף棺ʰɣ
Ҳżһ£һ㣬ʻʯǾ߸ʬǺˣ
˭
߲Բ԰׷û˿·ֻʣƤңɣǧǰǼһλ֮Ůֻʣ׹ǣտĴ½ÿӶĽŮ񡣡
ɣ
һš֡
ڵʱƼңϣʱһ峤߻ħɢʱǼһ죬Ϊ峤ǸţʵǿҲƹ壡
Ƽÿǧ꣬ҪѡһӣΪһ峤̳ˣصʹ￪ʼʱ֮£ϣƼ֧֮һе̣
Ƽ峤ߣһ㶼ɴϺΪһǶƼй涨峤֮λϮ첻ܽ峤֮λӣƺӽʲôţ
峤ҲҸ̳У¹أȴӴϺѰңŮͨ޶ۣ泤ϺΪ˶ڵʱ¶кᡣ
ɾһλŮѧԺΪģһλ϶ӡƺȻЩͨҲ̫ɫϵȣɲһЩ
ܶ˶ϿɣڼƻУʱͻȻһΪʥϢ
ʱ彫峤ѹȫʥ飬˳ɻ֮󣬴¼̨
ʱɲһӤӤͻȻһϼ񷣬ɽΪס
ɲӣҹ׽ɽʱѧԺҲ£صкһ͵õ߲رע飬Ӥʳδسɴ
ɵȺ£кΪδˣҲõ󲿷֧֣ӵõԼʥУδɾͲ
鵽ƺںº󲻾ãʥȥΪ£ħܿʧȥ䣬˵Ǳɱ
ҲʥϢոմؼ壬ɵõϢҲ֪ڵʱ£ϢոմħʿǿҪǸӣ
ӱħʿߣɱʱǿѧԺҲ·Ҫʥ֮£ħƼҳ֣Ȼºü鷳ɼ߲ܶͬ⣬ɴ̷ɣ
౻ؽͷ׷о綾ؽǧ꣬жʥħȾ´﷨κ˰ɵĺǣ
ɣҲΪµʱλҲΪ߲ͨ㣬һܿû䣬ǧ󣬼ֻи߲㻹֪¡
ҲΪ̷ԼǴη粨ҲΧͬΪﷸ˵ģҲʱʱһЩϧû˸Ϊ˵Ϊһˣۼһ޴֧ǧ뿪أΪͨˣ
ˣ½ԳΪţû֪оʲôκλʳ۹塢ֹĶǵ鷢ΪȨթҲᵶ򣡡
͵ЩǴţ¼ʷ֮У¼УҲû˻һĻ
㣬Ҳѣø
ʱҡҡͷָ֮ǰǰɣʯڸо˯
˼֮ÿߣóһ̵ҩ»кܶطɻƺĳ֮峤֮Īϵ
ҩ
ͫͻȻӿȪľ⡣
ϧҡҡͷϧˣ״ɵҩҲܻã
ٿԼʹ࣡ǽҩߡ


1459 ƼҵĹȥ
֮ƤȻ͸⣬Ҳˬǳµҩֶʵʱкܶˣһ٣峤йأûҵ֤ݣûв͸ǽӬûзĵȻ˻ɣȻЩϵ
ĳҲ޷ٽǷǷ˵ʣʥǺεһ
һɢޣΪѧԺִʱʶģɲŮòʥʵǿ󣬵ʱ޼еɾʵ֮ϣĽҲµţ
˵ĺأ
ǸӡǸΪȻ˵ǱħʿߣҲʱѾزۣ廹ȥҹǺӣټͱϾǸӳΪףҲʧȥһδ֮ǣҺҲ޹ϵ
һ˾ôˡ
浹һں
ǵߣ̣Ҳһ٣Իкܶ಻Ϊ֪ܡ
ɻǡ
Լкι
Ϊ˾ѪϢԱλߣѪҲ߳ơ
벻ף֮¿Ҳ޷ŪȻԺðһˣʣĦʵǿ󣬴紫˵֮ǰ㣬Ǹʵǿĳ𣿡
ˣ棺ĦɲǳϣǴϣƼҵλҲߣûнӴƴϣ
ϣԭǴϣ֮ǰ߼֮лȡϢᵽĦֻǳϡ
ֻһͣǸߣҲֻһƼӵܡ
κ壬ϼһ֮£֮ϣƼֹϴ壬ܶƼӵһҲ޷ϡ
һĦ찡Ǵ¼󲻾ãȡɸ״֮λΪƼҵڶϣ˵ǺǴ¼ôλüʱͳΪϣƿƼҪ񣡡
ǰĦڼ壬֮ǰûж
Ħ뵱ʱһλϣֶϵֱϵǸţǸܳΪϣҲйϵϾֶҲǽһˣȡһԼ˳Ϊϣһ弸ȨһС

Ħȫ峤ˡƾ桯ƻǧ꣬ǡƾ桯ΪƼ峤ڼ˶ͬû˷ԣҲû˸ҷԡ
ƾ棡
ҲвŻҲֻϣĸ˾һλŮѳΪϣĦϵǳãƾΪ峤ǱȻ峤õܶӵλƾΪ峤Щɱ¼ʷ֮У
ͻȻһ䡣
ͷǰˡһЩҩˡ
˼ȥ곤̾ƾǸӹŰҲƼûһ峤ʥǸӣܻһţϧʼǸɢޣбƾͲ
桭
ողһ߳ʯε档
ͻȻ˫ͫŴ󣬼æתʥ棿
ǰǸ㣬ʥֻ編ţ棬һϧ̫ˣ
ǸӡҲ
ˣ˼ҺӳǸ游һգ׸Ƽңӱƺʲô桯ӳΪ峤Ȼܸգ桯汾Ҳͬˡ
˵Ѿٶ˵ʲô۾ȥ£˭ЩǷǷǡ
桭
桭
ֻһɰͰ͵ģĳա
Ժ֮УһɫԪͷԪˣĪǡĪǸӤ棿棬ɺϣ
ʮа˾š
ҾǸӡ
滺ָ⣬ϺȻӿһƣʯ֮΢΢𵴡
Ŷ
Ա˼ƣ⣺ССͣû뵽޼ΪеɾƣĪǼǧðţ
ȻʧʣǰǸĺӻţǧˣ
ǧǰ£ɡʥӻţȷǧ꣬ţȻʻֻǿϧˣ
ǧǺӾûһϢ
ŵʱ¼󣬾ûϢˣͱ⣬û˿Իش㡣
лǰ
ֹ뿪ʯΣĿ£û뵽δ뿪ȥǰʯΡ
Ǿ߸ʬ
ɣ
дˣƼѪƳ̶ȣֻ߳ɡ˳ɣųɺ٣ʬмȫƣ֮ˣԺ˵
ʯǰǲ֮󣬻סʬǣͫӿѪѪͿ屬ը

дģġһѪѪ֮еϢǲдġ

һʬǰ棬澹
ʬȻۣΧץۣʬ϶ߣ˵ܵĥȥ
֮ˣĸ


1460 Ѫ
ʹ絶ʣ۽ѪһεᣬҲʬǿͷ
֮ǰԼƼˡ
ҲĸҲˡҲ
ʵ˲пᣬϣʧȥ
ʬɡĸףκˣѪȫһһ㣬ȫ֤ĸӹϵ
Ѫǲƭ˵ġ
ˡ
˰У
תۼţʱǹȥˣ治Ǹӣһͷ
ʬٴοͷѪֹס£ĸףˣЩҲܾຣ
ǰû棬ңδ㣬ˣҵĸס
ҲҪƼҸᣬҪպ֮ˣһú
Ȼߣһļ紺Żݡɽˮ֮أΪ㰲ᣬҪȥװף
飡
ÿһͿһͷ
ʯײʯ𵴣һЩҲûں¡
ǺΪΡ
Ψжʯλˣʬһοͷ÷ǳš
Тھͽߣ
ѪᣬʬΧֻ΢΢һ֣һѡ
ͷһƬâɺǷӡƤ«֮С
ϴҪס
κʱǶվߣ
ߣƼ˹֣ϴƼǷһ̫࣬ǾƼһ㡢һݷݵس
Ƥ«֮У͵ŷӡ
ں«֮֮УΪػɺǣԵõϢ
һᱨ𡭡
һҪȥǴѪӴĿռ䣬ѪȼգȻٴǿ
ǿ
Уͻ޼䣬Űʵ
Ϊֻ̫ͣ޼̤ɾаգնɱκǿߡ
ˣҲ£
뿪ʯʱλ˼æѣȡʬǣǲеģˡĦ¹κ˲ʬһ£οŲʬǣ
ˣĦ죿
ƼȨľ죬켴λ˶ƾҪΪ峤ʱȨУʱǣԺƼû֮أ
лǰѣֻұˡĦ֪Ϊ֮Ҫ֪ˣںνϣ
㡭
ǰҲ٣лᣬһ
˵꣬ٿһۣΧȥ
˾ǳ嶯²Ǻ桢ɾ̫ᣬâ̫ʢȥ峤֮λһ³
˱ۣԳЦЦ
һ·˰ˣαôࡣ
ԼҲ˶೤ʱ䡣
뿪̷ֲŵҲǹǿѪϢӿĿռ䡣
ռ֮ʲô֮ǰ߶䣬ҲûаӡȻ⴦ռ䶨Ƽ֮أҲǽء
Ȼ
ҲŵãͼһʯϿŽֹĸ֡
ٽһЩһععֱһӡΧȻ໢ε
ͷϢ磬ԼϢ֮󣬴ӽԽ
ǰһбˣһ˵ĹϵؿߣΧ滨ݣؼʮ
ؾ˳棬֮лžѪϢѪ硣
ֽϢظΪѪڷգǽѪ
ǰؿΧҲһЩȻʯڸһȻʯ
ʩչɲֽ򶻽ڡ
򶻺ʯû뵽ԽǿͷֶʮʿϢʯΧЩʯ֮д
ͷŸӦȥʯ֮һƼУʯʯв
ݳޣ֮ԴУֲţᣬǧ꣬ŵɾ۷ʵ
Ʒ˰Դ
Խ󲿷ʯʯ
ǰһʯӡһӡӡΧκηӡ綼ҪǵɾͷȥҲס
Ǵ洫ѪϢȫѪѪڷա
ܣ
ͷŸӦͨһںϡ
ӦԽ磬Լ㣬ڿڲȻһѪɫ
ѪɫѪɫޱȰ磬һѪأ澹ȻѪɫҺҺѪһ㣬ȼϤǿѪ
ӿ죬Ŀôδй̰찡һѪѪأˣˣڲѪǵڰװѪඥ
ͻȻ˵ϴ󣬲ԾѪ֮Уƺһ΢ϢĳѪΧ

ͷŸӦഩ磬ϧãûз֡
ֻнڲܸӦ
ҪҪȥ
ȥһôǼϾͷ϶Ҫֵġ
ȥûпٴϾĸ׺ǣþͻᾪƼˡ
һˣֽܽС
ԣѪؽǰǿõһλᡣ
Ǿͽȥһԣǿߣֱǣ߶ɱԸɱҲסҾѪ֮Ѫǿʵ
ʵû취ֻӲ


1461 Ѫϴ

忪ʼԽ磬ԼĪϢʧ涴
ʼѪռ䣬ѪϢƯֻһڣزѪոΪ¡
ǿߡ
ڹʯ֮УѪؾ
˲򶻯ΪҲͷâһһΧͷųɱ𽥿Ѫء
ǿߣ
У
ںϸӦǧ׹ʯռ䣬Ѫ֮аѪҲûˡ
ѵǴ
˶֣Ҳ˼ǽûǣҲûг֡
ˣ˱Ȼڰĳ䣬ѪΧΪһѪƼҵģҲҵģҲҵĸĸ
ҲȲ˲Ѫء
ѪȻɣڲѪؾѪˮֲһѪˮһѪɫ̺ѪѪɫҺ塣
ϴİɣڣ֮֮ҲԵֵ֣οˣ
ѪΧվֱֱġ
𽫵·գʲôûһѪء
û뵽˲䣬оƤڻƵģһɿʧİ硢ÿë׹ȫ
ʼٶԽԽˡ
ЩѪɫҺ壬·һ㣬ӿ
Ҳ滹ж಻
ȻƼҶԣƼʥأѪء
ƼһˣܵõѪлᣬֻΪӣǵǿߣлѪ
Ҳʱʱ̿̿Խÿһˣһ֮УֻܽΣǵϣҲֻܽһ
ÿһѪһջǲһġ
⡣
Ƽ֮УѪؾ˿һˮƵѪؾ
Ѫ֮УѪɫҺ壬ʼƽģ΢΢𵴣ӽУѪɫҺڣѪȼգȫѪԼز֮Ѫ
ѪڴûѪѪҷգȫѪ֮еѪҲڶգеѪʼΪѪ
֮ѪҲΪѪ
Ǵδġ
ڻΪѪֻеز֮ѪطѪѪ⡢֮УδѪɱΪѪ
Ȼһ̣һ
Ѫֻеز֮Ѫɱ䣬ǹ֮УҲѪڻɱ䡣
ãոѪɫҺ壬ȫ֮УҲһЩѪڻΪѪ
һȫ£ÿ䣬Ѫز֮Ѫ΢΢ͨѪΪѪ̬
ˣ
֮УʼֻѪգȻ֮ӭž飬һδαը
ȫڷѪѪҲᣬոѪɫҺ壬ʱʱ̫̿ѪʼΪѪоޱǿ󣡡
ҵѪȻѪѪȴƼңԼżȻģ
û޼۷壬ͻư䣬Ҳ֪ͻһ磡
֮ǰȥкʧ䡣
һɨ⣬»ǺʹļףעԱж
ΪжΪʵԡ
ƤҲžը죬䲻̶ɴƤ֮Уӿ̫Һ壬޼䣬Ҳӵеʡ
޼
޵۷Ϊڻʵģ˵޼ǵɾҲʡ
һ߶ȣԽһ߶ȣ䣬ø֮֮ء
͡
ǵزѪ
ͨѪգͨգѪؾһεѪɱΪһѪ
죬Ѫ
ѪᣬѪռ֮УѪﵽһǰδĸ߶ȡ
ͣ
˵죡
ڵزѪ֮УѪͷ֮ǰһѪѪ֮еѪ
ˣһɽҲڴ˿̣˫ͫͷ䡣
ͻˣ
˲佫ûڷžžըû뵽ǣȻһΣ֮ҲǶԴ󲿷飡
󲿷
ǰκһͻơ٣Ҳʹﵽһ̶ȣһξͻ컯ܳһ롣
ȻһΣȻ֮ѪѪ⡢ʼ顣
Ϊһͻ̬ͷųͻƣҲγһָСͻ飬ͻƣΧ
ͷƤѪѵģƺΪͻƣҪγѪ
û뵽Ѫڴﵽ֮ͨѪعȻǺöһҪǿ󣬻Ҫǿ󡭡
ϧʱֻ飬ͻ֮С
ܿͽˣҲһʱ䣬ʼӭ
޼䣬
ͬʱܿʼΧѪؾ޼ͬʱѪҲ̡
޼䣡
û뵽ʮ죬ͻһ磡
ǿʬ壬ҲûͻٶȣһжѪصĹ͡
ͻ֮ûȥںϷֱӼѪ֮УѪؾ


1462 Ѫ֮ͻƾ
ΪҲ֪ɶãƼҾͷʱʱܷ̿쳣ֻץÿһ̣Ѫ
ͻһ磬ʱѪҺٶȣ
Ѫز𵴣ҲŻ棬ΧѪأѻΪһѪɫУû
Һ˿ֲٶȣϵӿڡ
ѪѪ֮УȻѪɱΪѪܵزѪ󣬴ʱÿһ䣬ҲѪΪѪ
Ѫǰʮֹ
һжƼѪؽشı仯
ˡ
ػѪأڷѪʱ
Ѫǧʯռ䣬Ȼвʯ̡
һʯ˫ۣûһ˿˿ѪɫӰдС
Ҳδ֡Ĵڣ
ʱƼҳһˣӣƼʮδֹģ
ҲƼҵδŵĴУϿҪʧһ͸ÿˣ
˫۾ˣҲʯ˻Ƶ
Ѫڣ
ΪģΧѪɫҺΪУϱڣѪš
̣
ȻѪգزѪ֮УѾͷѪ
ݹÿ䣬ѪǡѪѪռڣҲͷѪЩѪѪɫҺ̬Խʵǿ
ҲΪѪɫһѪˡ
˲벻ܶҲΪͻ
۲ڱ仯Ѫﵽͷ֮УҲдΪͻֻз˿Сÿһͻ̺
ϴϢ̫ţǳϢ֮
ǰ
ţʲôѪڵȷһɣϿɵϢ
桢ţֺȻ𺳵̾
ԭѪѪǿ󡢱仯ͻ֮ﶼ쳣
ˣ
Ѫر仯仯Ƽ⴦ѪأǸӿѪ
δõ˴棬˰޼õѪϴĴ
У̫ɡϴ跽ʽ볣죬ҵ취ϴʱ̣ʱϴ
ţ

Ѿڷǳϴ״̬ΧɶΪѪɫС
㣡
׷ɱԼʱʱ̻̿ᱻƼ˷֣оԽż
Ȼ䣡
ˣϱ⣡
ɲ
벻
˫һϣ忪ʼڻΪѪˣܿ״̬Ϳ쳹ʧ
ҵǺǣлħۣҲòѪħѪϹҲٲɸѪںϣŵɲ
ˣ
ʧѪ֮У
ǣ
ѪɫУͻȻӿУΪʮɶ˵ѪɫС
ѪɫٶԽˣһͷ­ʼᣬϷƯ
ҾʩչɲΪѪˮѪںϣȳں֮Ѫضһ֣
·һħͷ̰ؿʮѪɫУڣѪںϡ
ʱѪٶȣʱʱ̶̿ǧͷѪ
Ȼ򵥣ӵ˾׵
˫۾Ҳ¶֮ɫ
ͣ
Լ죡
ʮѪɫУͻȻսٻн罣ͷš
Ҫͻˣ
Ѫɫ˲滯Ϊ𣬽ѪڣѪذһ룡
濪ʼٻڴžžը졣
޼䣡
ǰ󲻵ʮ죬Ѫϴ裬Ȼ޼̤䡢䣡
һ޼һ磬һ۷塣
һ磬ǵɾʿһ۷塣
ɲѪϴЧ̫ԣ֮ǰ취ǰͻ޼䣡
ͻ֮У
̫žըͣ
ѪذһƬѪɫӣѪЩǲϱڡ
һͻơ
ģը֮УӦû뵽һαϴͻƣΪˡ
飬ųˣһɣһЩ䡢ռû顣
鳬ͻ޼䣬ųˣһδﵽ˿ֲ߶ȣ
Ȼһδ޼̤䣬ʵҲѪǰֲٱ
ˡĦ졢ͻӡǶҵţѪϴ֮󣬾ͽͳͳɱ
ͻѸͣ
Ѫ϶飬Ժ֮УѪɫռҲűըԪռԽ䡣
ͨԪҲڹĵ·£ȼŹĻ棬ֻоֲ
һͻƳ죡
֮ƽѪ֮УѪɫҺַΪУӿڡ
ڴ޼䣬ɱ䡢ܾ̣ڼҪޱȾ
ѪڣͲҪ
Խ˳յѪɫҺҲ࣬ڵزؿռ䡢ѪѪѪʼɱΪѪ


1463 ɫ
ѪΪͻ֮ЩѪţһɹɽɫ
һ࣬Ѿʽ޼䡣
ӡ֮ٴλΪɲ״̬Ѫػʣ²پò̤䣬ޣҪѪ
Ѫؿʼ󲿷ֻΪѪɫУȥѪأڲѪɫҺ壬ȻΪѪɫУѪ֮תûһС
ƼҹȻһ
Ӧþ
ĵȴϵĴУٳ˯ɣ
Уǵͻ̣˵
ûȵؿѪ֮ѪɫУܵѪ
ˡ
ɲѪ棬ܵѪŵöš
زѪѪͷѴﵽͷ
ȫѪѪ֮еѪҲﵽʮͷ治زѪǰ
ȫʮѪ
ɱˣ
ֻǸӦôѪѪѾޱǿᣬָ֪жྪˡ
ҪǣʱѪػн֮һѪɫҺ
ЩҺڣпܣΪʵﵽ޼۷壬Ӷɾ
ⲻǳ˵Σ
̣
ȫÿ䣬ռ䣬ѪգѪɫҺɱΪѪ
߳
廯ΪɲڴѪںϣѪֻһ˼Ҫǿ
ͻȻѪĳͷͬ棬֮һͬž
ˣͻȻޱȰΧѪҲû˶
ô
ĥ֮ʣĪѪ̫ˣ
ܣ
ʱһϢЩȣѪͷţƺΪϢѪءԼڶ
ˣ
ҪѰҸ𰸣û뵽һɽ⣬ȻѪƵģն
ǽɫȥɫ磡
ɽɫ棬͸Ѫɫأһ˲佫ѪӳһƬâ
ͬʱѪء漸޷֣ɽһħȼԽ
Ѫ֮ЩѪɫҺʼյɢҲΪһͻ̬
Īʲô챦ɣѹԼ
˵Ѫ֮УȻʲôʣͷ˾
ҲϢˣǹɽϢѪϢΪһ壬ȻѪѪžҲѪһϵ
ȷѪϢһֻǱѪҪǿǧҲֽϢѪأѪѪһ
ĪƼѪ֮УѪѪ챦
ͣ
ͻȻ䣬ʮѪһӣݷ״̬ʼգջ̫ңѪҲڷա
ɫӳɫ𽥻Ϊ⡣
ѪǹɽΪȣнӳһӰӣҷΧɫϢһɫͻ
徧һɨһ
𺳿Ž֮зͻһɫʯɣһʯ
ɫʯ
ʯ棬һĽɫͻͼڡ
ɫ
֪ΪΣһɫокԼԼкǽɫϢһҲİһѪͻ
ڻǳˡ
һޡ˻ƵΧĳͻأ
˭
һͬźΧ
Ȼˣ
֮ǰǱ͸ӦһϢû뵽Ȼһǿߣһʶ

һʯ

һʯʯÿһоʯ飬һЩʯƬ
ʯɣҰɫ·֮⣬ǡʯۡҲһޱ䡣
ʯʯˣ
ѵʯͷɾΪʯ
Ҳɵͫף罣Ʊ
ѪƯɸߣҲû˵ȥȡǽɫʯ𽥿ʯоӴϢӡʯϢ֮Уо
ʯ
ǻŵģ
ѣˣʯϢѪϢҲһӦƼйĴڣҲѪػߣҪģǽأӦû֣
׼ͷϢ׼߶ɱ
ʯĵĿڣƼҺûңѵҲû˵ҵĴڣ
ͻȻ뵽Щ֮УȷڡһЩƼҺܶˣδ
Ƭ̼䣬滹ǲҵģƼҴ֮еĽ綼֪һ
ʯڰֹ͸֪ڣѪߣҲƼұӻߣ־ػѪأ
ԭˣΪ
ɲ֪ҲѪصߣҲѪػߣϸԣǵɫػߣ
ɫߣĪ򻤷Ѫس֣
΢΢ɣˡ
ƼұӻߣƼңߣѪһܵͽ䡣
оԷɱˣҲ֪Ƽҡ


1464 ʯ
ΪѪصߣֻΪɫڣҲͬػƼңʮ꣡
ʮꣿǻʮһ
ˣ
Ҵˣ
㿴ڵңʵһ־ҲһܣұѾʯǳʮʲôꡢǧҲ£
ܣ־ɫ֣ҲĪǻĿģ
ɫƼ棬֮ǰɣԸҲƼҺˣܾϹѪõ֮ҾƼС飬ҳΪ֣С࣬ҲвһĵطƼػϵ
ףʱҲ֪ȥ֮£оɫӵаҪõҪǿ󣡡
ɫʮѪ֮£ǵȴƼ֮Уһ˿ԿȥںϽɫģҲҴڡػѪΣ
ãлˣҵõлᣬһ˽ʯĹȥ
Ѫ𵴣
ɫ
ȻжƼҸʱɱɲ뵽ߵѼӣˡ
ʯһȴ˵ģ赲õУ־
ҲҪ˭ң

ûѪ֮Уոͻ޼䣬ҪǿԼ
ѪؾգһηѪʮѪΪѪ档

ͷžǽɫץȥû뵽ȫ֣Ҳ޷òûΪģ
ɫ󲿷ֻûѪ··ȴѡ
̣
ûɫ棬ڲɫʯ·Ҳһ㵭ɫ棬֮һ滢ͼڿʼգ½ɫͻȻ߳߳ܡ
ѪҲΪɫ״̬ˣΧʯռҲǽɫЩ֮УλΪһͻ
ӴĻⲻǷ֮ɫӦ淢ֻɱһ޷
߳
ɫһ뿪ѪأҲΪˣΧʯʼ𵴣û뵽һɽɫ棬ɱǰֲɫϷȻ
䡭
ʯϷҲ㣬ͻȻпԻƣɽʯ綹һնϡ
ô£
嫹·⣬ڣŵߣһһգͷϢӦڲ
û뵽ɽͻȻ𵴣ӹŶ֮һɾƣĴؾͷû
̧ͷϿգɽۣ֮֮һɫâƿɽֱ
һ˲䣬ըƼҽգֳΪ⣬Ϊơ
ǽɫâ֮УԼԼܿڲһͻڳ֮УƼϾɽ
ǹϢ̺ǿҽѪ
ǿѪϢ編Īʲôӽ֮оѣ
ȥ֪ͨˣ
ĴͷŶ
䣬һɰ磬ɽǣ޷ѹǹɳâκ󷨽Աâ顣
Ϣ
ʮ⣡
īȣ
ֻһЩжԼͤЩݳ޹вٲ®
һʯ֮УϹһ£žʮǵâš
ˣ˰ܴ꣬Ʒ׷Ľ硭Ҿ֪һ죬û뵽ô죬Ǽأ
ӼϢǶâ𺳡
תһ®ǰ񣺡常Ϣ
֪ˣĦ쵭Ӧ
ǲ֣
󲿷ָȥһλǿߣﲻʲô
ǡ
ֻϹתâŻɣܴ漣˭֪֮Ľ죬жǿ󣿶ǶԹ֮ˣȻɽһ
Ѫأ

ɫͷŰɫ棬Ϸɽпһӣʯ׹䣬·ڱ
߶ƻ׹ʯѪ֮Уһָץâ֮У뿪ѪصĽɫ
˸Ҵأ
ʯڽ磬һơ
һŭ͸硣
𣿡滹һץסɫ
žžž
ͻȻӶĴߣָһʿЩʿΧʯƼš
ǵ
һأͱɫƳơ
֣
˭δƼˣ
Ƽǿߴ߶ͨ飬ϱƽѪأǿǰۼּȡһͷˮҲ֪ǷǼ
С
ɫȷԵЩ˿ѪأֻСٶȡ

ʯһӰɲʮˣһ˽һˡ
˶ǰɣ
ߴѪشôѹƣȫٱԴʧ
ǲżȥԸֹȡɫʯ
ʮ˾ͷץƣ֮ѪΧʯգ֮УҲڲƯâ


1465 ŭսƼ
âѪΧγӴ㣬ʼѪâѹȥ
ϧâǳֲЩ¶ϴҲ޷ѹƽâ
ʮͷâԳ֮ʣȻ䣬ƬؽâȻʧûʯ
ʯ˲ӡ
ô£
֮ǰָ޷ѹâΪνâͻȻʧƵģѵ˴֮âѹˣ
СӽȡâʧģоͷǰѪذշ
ৣ
ĿԿ
ȷӡƬռ䣬ҲѷӡӲȥͷǼ߶ƣûÿ䡣
桢桢ţ޷ӳȥǴѹȶƺҲߡ
Ϣ֮
ǧ׿ռž󽫿ռѹܲͨ磬ϷâпӣҲû
Ĵߣ뼸ͷƣʮڵڶϢѪذΧ
һߣΡȻ桢ͶȥѹԪϢ籼ϢɽӣӿѪأߣٽ˵Ƽһһ·
ߣԪΪҲκңȻǾͷҲһ
ǶԣͶɲѹȣйơ
ԪΪǿ󣬼Ԫ˲䱻顣
ֻһ˫ͫɲǼ䣬ǰտռ仯ΪƬŤԪ໥ѹ
䣡
Ԫ񶷷
Ҳ֪ΣֻܼƬռΪԪ񽻷棬ΪһĴڡ
ϢƼ߾úһϢܡ
ΧƼ˷׷׵һںȻԪ񶷷ˣ߿ƼҾǿ֮һҲǸ߲㡣
һʿ֣
һͷǰһûж֣ҲһЩĽ巽½һţҺ巽½ƺû㳬ţ
Ľ磿
Ƽˣ֪ԼλƷ硣
ЦֶΧػž°ƵʲôˣȻƼˣҪ֪˭Ħ
ƴϣڳ˭Ծ
һӲмһʿкʸƼҴϳ㣿ҲʲôݣƼҿĽ磬ǿ壡
ӵսҵԣҲڱҶƼɱ֣ǲƼңҪѪ
ҿСûɶͣȻǱƼҽУƼұһͻȻɱһƽ档
Ҳδֹߡ
ںߣͻȻϷǱâпӣͨӡ󿴵񷣬ͻȻĦ죬ܸӦ㣬ΪθӦңѵ㻹ҪڰôҲǿˣδ̫ʧ񣿻һкܶҪ㣬Ƽң

ڳƼʿܵӣҲƼҡ
ƼҿĽϼ壡
ڹȻƼң
ϷͿ㾿û汾£
֮ǰߣӿ죬ͻȻʧ
ͣ
һɱǰһɡ
Ϊɾǲ̫ˣ
û뵽һ˿Ҳżš
ɱһǰͻȻһ㡣
䣡
Ȼһָ֮£飬úϰԵƣҲԿƣһָ֮Ҳ϶ѹȡ
ŴĿ⣬ţӿ
ȥ
˫ͫͻȻһ˫֮ͫУӿһɶ𣬶Ҷ֮лһ롣
Ƽһ壬ȴֱ޳֮׾ӣִͻȻһâ
žžž
â롢һ𿪣Щɱϡ

֪
һˣжǿʵ
ʵҲƻɱ룬һʱ˻
һҽУƼҶٸʹļס
Ҫ㣡߿ǼˣӼҲҧˣοһǿߣ
һ⣬ڴɱ
ɲǣǰɱһ
ɲǽһƷ䲻ǼƷƷҲλ̫ࡣ
ڵɱƣռ䶼пһɶӣ棬ǵͷҲᱻˣһɱ
ͻȻ˸һЩۣʹӽǰʧ
飡
䣬һָƣЦţĿǰɱ
˶ʱ䣬ģõ˲ɱʿ
ɻûɱˣָƣѹѹţһȫž
ۣ
ͬƵģѪҲ޷ָ֣֮޵ظѹ
ҶƼ˳֣Ƽ˼һĻ֪ǰжǿ
Ħ죬ɣĪҪƼˣɱǰſ
ЩǿߣϷɽпڣٴμ
첻ҪѪҪɱˣɱˣƽŭԺθο飿
һ̣·ڶɱ
뵽ĸɡʥǵĲĸĥʬ̷


1466 ˡƾ
ӵܡ
ѹߣЦҲͻƣҪǿþҵĲƷȻҲҪ֮Уû֪һУ

ʩչ컯ԼѪɫڣУشڰġ
嫰ӿڣ˲ʼڣԶԷѪвɱͻѪ߷ƵѪ
Ʒ
һٴͰ
ΧʮƼǿߣʼжˣ׼һ߶󣬽ɱ
һΧǧ״ʼ𵴣ӿ֮ԱǣֶΣֶΣģ
ɱ㹻ģ֮ǰĴߣͷһӡǡ
ʮͷƣַ׷Ưû뵽ǧ״󣬾ȻΪһͻ
ͻɽʳ븹УһצϷݺݵץ
ɽ
û涯֣
Ǻ
ͷţҲ޲еӿץһڱϷצһɱ
ɡɱ
찡һɱ
ͨһɱҲûеǰ㽣졣
ƼΧˣڶ۾Ϳǿڱǵһɽ
߳߳
޶ͨһֻǽһɱǿֲͻצ˲צһе
צҲ顣
ת׻ʮֹƣлƼң򱾹ʵҲﵽɾ۷壬ҲöллĽ磬Ȼλǿ̫࣡
ߺߣʲôλ磡
ɱһж
Ƽǿٴδ߶һ֮ǿͨͨΧ
ֻΪͻȻһβǻצǿֲ𣬻Ϊͻ̬ڿռա
𡭡Сһ¶ɵ֮ɫǺ֮壬¾ǻ档
ȷ
ţֶˣͻȻ޴󻯣һˣʼΪģ
ֲħɷУӦҲͨҲţһ츳ֶΡ
ɱΧնĻ棬飬ҲɱϷ󣬱иٿӡ
ϾƼԴΪ̣Χʮǿ֮ţѹƣ޷󳹵״顣
ˣţչֳʵѾǾףһͷȻסƼʮ˹ơ
ʤʮˣȻʱҲ䡣
ţֺǺεȹĽ޷½졢׺ƺδйħɷţִڣ
Ҳĳ׺֮еĽЩطṳ̂㣬һЩΪ֪Ĺ
Ƽ˳ױţչֵʵԼ޴𺳡
ţֲͬħɷ֮˾һħͷһɽǰ
𺳣
ţ˵ˣҪƼˣǿóöкǣ
ţֻ޷Щˡ
ҵȻǿǿֲǰʲôˣб˭֪ţˣˡ
ಣ
˿̣ʯַƼҲǿߡ
һֶɶϰˣ޼۷Ҳһٶˣ˲һ
ţֹܵҲóţʵҲﵽ۷塣
Ƽҽأ˷
ͻȻһŮ֮ʯ
ˣ
ʿʿ
ϣ
Ħ죬ǡΪĦ죬һŮˣôĦ졣
ʮǿɱأͷһŮӣԵӺݻһ𣬾ʥĸ
˶
ˣڰɾͷǣǻϣǷˡ
ǡƼ֮һˣһݺ棬ŮӣΪϣ̬ƣžͷ
ĳŭΪڳĹǡ
һʿ
ڸӵ£ӡΧŽ磬΢΢һɨѪϷˡ
ȻĿ޶ɫںȵߣôأƼҼҹ棬ץסٷȥΪ̷
淴ˣĴϡĦû㵹ˣҲͦõģǾʹ֣
ԸһСֱȡͷȻ䣬ʯ󷽣мӰ
ӣ
ͷһλĺ꣬Ƽ˼Ҳ׷ױȭ
˵Ķӣƾ棿ҲƼδ峤̳ߣҲ·ɫ
ƾ棡
ƼÿԴΪ֮Ƽ峤
֮УһЩԹȥ֮£ż䣬ʯǸ֪һЩ
㣡
ͽָѹסߣһڣѪԼ
һҲͳΪһˡ
ԭĸ븸֮֮䣬ȷ峤йϵڼǧǰ£Ұ֧ⷽ˳ΪϣƼҲΪ߲㡭
䣡
һ䣬ǧǶξ룬øһЩ䡣

߼֮УĸɵĴģҲĴģ


1467 սս
ŭһ˲䣬ڷȼգĸƼѲ˸ϵˡƾ桢ĦŹҪѪ츸ĸ֮飡
СӣΪеʵƼҷ챾үҪʶƼͻȻƾ˵ȸ߲һƾһ
ƾ棿
δ峤
ѹɱ⣬ͻȻˣߣڽ£繷һǱѪ
浱ҡͷһƳҪɱңƾƾ棿һƼҺǻ£³ΪţǺǣǰɱɱ׾ף㲻˳֣һս
ƾͷŵƣۺ첱Ӵ֡
ԸһϰˣҶõ֣
ͻȻƾ˺ֶΧף߶󣬽һɱȡر屦

˿ʼͷƣǧ״֮С
ҿƼֶΣͬҲҪˣЩϲģ
ɱһ̣أ˫ͫһԺڰԨ֮еɱ
ƼңҪ˴ң
ƾû뵽һʿ澳֮£Ŀˡ
ֲĿˣΪңʵҲн۷߶ȣɱһСӣ⣡
˻һһЩͷˣүүʱͶζ㣬ǧĪСκһʿڹΪӣҲس֣

ǧ״ΪΪʵͻ
ͻûǧͻףտֲ潣ֲѹƣ顣
ڲżɵ˷ܣǿһٶ֣δɱƾԵֵϴ󣬽Ǿʹɱ䣡
λ綥ʵɼܣҲǰ޹ˣˣСҲϲ
ӴѹǵĴڣΪλ˷ܣ
ΪڣɲǰǰŴִ׷ɱߡ
꣡
һ𣬴ͻɱ
һצһҲһӰ˷ɱ
ħȦ
ţֿɲһ֡
ٴӴ󣬴Ӵǿһħɷâ֮УȻһɫԲȦ

ħȦʱɱһצ
ֻžžž飬ħȦ֮һٶɱƣвħȦһ֮
ɱ𣿡
ûпȷɱû뵽ɱƼѹ˸˵̣
ƼҼţҲ̰ͷĿ⣬Ԧƿƴ׾ɱצ

ħȦڰ֮Уתɱһɱɶĸֺϻƣ÷׷顣
תţ
޴֮ţ֣ʱֻ׾޴󣬻󻯡
˫ֶħȦץӡȻҲͷһЩӡħȦתţһȦȦ˷𵴣κιԱɱ顣
ˣħȦҲֵֻܵǿƹ˫ֲɱ֮С
ˣЩ˵ɱʵҲﵽ۷壬ҪѹǶʱ²ף
ڣ
һ־ͷƾԶԶעս
ͷ㱨һҲģǿɱǿˣɱɲǷܴ߶ģܴ߶һʱ漣ˣһʱ֮󣬵ߣһн
Ҳ֪ЩǱ뱾أΪܽѪҺȡѪ֮У챦
ϣǼ챦ɽȻ챦ԱѪأǾƼĳ棬ıܱ˴ߣ
ΧͷҲʱʱ̹̿עǰơ
ССռ䣬ʩչС
һᣬͻȻú֡
ֻţֶԸƼڸֵ֣ܵһδǿƹ
ͻȻɳţϷħȦ󷨺ϻ֮ͻȻɽ
ǿɽһɲǼ䣬ɱϷɽɫ֮пһӿռ䡣
䣡
ԭɽɱǴɽڲҲ֮С
ϡֻһɱȥɽסԵɱҲ֮С
һʱ䣬һɽƽҲппɽҲһǡ
ǺۼҲ֣֮֮鿪ʼγɣǰ׾ʯϷ׹䡣
伸
׹ǼʯͷǧϷͻóִ顣
ãʩչɽиɽڲɴܿɽݣ
˷ֲԾڲ
ٳ룬һȥЩң߱ڶ߶
ȳȥ
һ롣
ƼʿҲһ뿪
ϷԽϲٿɽնɽʯ㣬ҪﻯΪ棬Ƽǿ
洫ˣϾҪǵӳȥȻǼɱֵ֮ܵҲὫ
£һɱԱǣлƤ«Σʱ̣淴һЦݡ
ܿ죬󲿷ƼҸֳ룬ά֡
ʯ󼸷ܼ֣ʯ飬ҲʯûѪҲѿ


1468 Ƽ峤
磡
ƼҽأΧɽ
嫾ɽ𵴣ƼҸ־ŷɳ
ɽ彥һַ飬һ鿪ʼ̮ԭɾƼҽأʼ
𣡡
һƬ嫴âھɽ֮ʣڴɽΧ
ƼҸҲ˷̫ˣ֮ǰֻˣǧˣٺǧˡ
޼
вٰɣ
һЩͷ֣Ǿɽۣ֮ĳһɳһЩǿߡ
峤
˿һˡ
ȷһӣһ£һ˿ڿУ˷ƿգϵһ
峤٣
ƼǮǿΧ°˷ڱɽΪģʮһǿߡ
ˮйͨ泤ǽҲɲȥ
˴һߣʮ棬峤ڱ֮£ƲҲֻʣ
ʷ棬ֱͦҲ·ҪƣƼʮвٴ֣ƼԼΪѪ֮أûһߣܻųȥҲ⣡
һ߲мЦƲʦڣСӣǱ֣֮ɱҲֵܵΡȻر
˿ǰʥɽнΪƽأ縲ʮǧһ˫˫۾ڳ֮Ѱš
ɻ֪Ϊζкαˣ첻ɵÿǿߡ
ͷ߼ǣѪѪѪ֮һƼѪعϷѪرɣϷҲһʿȡߣ
ȻһֱѪѪƼ죬Ƽ¹ϷһƼ
ǺȻּأѧԺ֣Ҳųȥ
֮Уӵɱӵɱããλ֮УǺټģĽҲ٣ִһһͷ̤أûɶƼѪأ
ͷ˵꣬첻ûһ˿ɣΪɻ
һ㽫ʮշӡǾɽΧ
Լ󣬾ɽͬп֮һΪ棬ʱʱܴ¡¡𵴡
ǧͷԪѰţֻʯ
Ӱ
Īˣ
ƼҸֶţȴû֨ͷʯѰš
䡭
һħɷͻȻƣʯ忪ǧƼǿ߷׷һ
ţ֡桢ħɷ֮һԾ𣬷ɳʯ֮УɲǼϢڰա
ȻһҲûУ
ͷǿţɽ֮ŻȻ˺ö˶˵ģһҲ˿
ǾƼ峤
תһȦտˡƾԼӣƼ峤һΪﵽ£ʱʱ̿̿Էɽ磬ǿ٣ȻںϣҲһ˿覴ãΪȵɾǿ٣
˵ֹ꣬ȻͷźȻ峤ϡԼ߲ܶ㶼ˣƼһ뾫Ӣܺãܺã
ֳͻȻųɱϢա
컺ˣ㵨СƼ£ҽأƼұرΪ棬㲻壬峤ʹӦ㣬ɱ㣬һ꣬Σ
Ц
ﶼڳһ졣
ĨͷҲһٵģһƼǷҵģԱҲỹǣ෴ҲûǷŹң˿̿ʼҲŹƼң

ƼҷƼ
ҽСǧУ
ⷬƼǧǿǣǷȻŭĸ۾ﲻǳ׹⡣
컺һָգȻˣ峤ҲȥŪƼΪΪУҼߣ
ɱ󣡡
׳ơ
˷ƼǿߣƣͷӡУһâ漸ִ֮С
֮ǰǷһ̹˷ϿΧһǿâջΪâ硣
ţһ׳˶⿪ʼҪʸˣ
ƼҲؿˣƼҵȷǿ˶ڣΣٵɣѪҲǺǵģָɣɱһƼҸ֣ʬţҪѪԴҪƼѪծ
Ҳˣɱˣһɨ
͵ϴ仰˲ʲôǱ˴˶ղ
Ϣˣ
Χ͸ٴѹ˼һƾҪ飬ڴ֮ᡣ
žž
ͷϢٶ飬ϾƼǿߣдҲƼıԴ
̫ˣ
˵ɱһɾͷʮɾͷҲ⡣
Ҹȷʲô⣬ţүүһУţһɱ
ħɷ֮ڷն𣬴˲޻޻Ĺ֮УħɷУһ˷ѹ


1469 նͷ
ʱ໥ײγɸ˺ѡ籩硣
ţ֣ħɷԶЩԴƼǿߣţֵͣʵһ
ƼǿҲıӡͷϷһһӴͻ
ͻ֮ͨһսףͻսף棬ɲɱ㣬Ӹ߿ճһԾ

ͻǻצ֮ռ䱻ץһƬ顢Ťڱ
ϰٵǿߣи޼ͷȷѴﵽ۷壬κһͨƣλڵɾۣ֮
ͻɱҲǿƷһ̫ˣˣҲƻܵӰ죡
ƼǶˣ
濴ͻɱ飬ֲͻͨ
ͻ֮ƾԻɱκξͷ˺ϻ֮ƼıԴ
ƼǿֶΣ
ħȦ
ţֻΪ֮ͻɱһ衣
һȦ˳Ϣ˲졣
ħȦִɱһֱ˿ںϣ֮УҲ֮ôܶһ˿˿
û뵽ţУִκδ߶ţһħɷС
ħɷִħȦ֮д
ɲǼ䣬ħɷгȥһڹգͻ˲ɱһ𣬾ͽͻͨ˺ѡ
ħɷлڳƣɱϷ󣬽ǽɱһӡ
һ
ѹƣҲɱһӡ
ƿشƼǿߣ׷˶ܵ𵴣¶ɵ֮ɫû뵽˴󣬾һ
ɱȥ
Ҳͷɽಭ׽
ڡɱ
ĴȻӵɱ
ɽڲռκõȻ޴档
ɱɱɱ
Ƽǿߣæ߶һͻٴᣬԼʮͷǰɱ
һͻͨԼ̲٣ǿ࣬ںɱɱһƣȻһнͻ飬޷ɢȥ
һͻͨз۷ʩչɱһɱͻ˫Ҳֻǲ¡

ţƼǿߴ߶Уôѹ
Ǵͨ״̬ºϻ֮ȴ״̬ϻɣùɱ
ɱƴƼ˸ѶԸ
¡
Ƽעֻһһ
ҫͻȻӽըǹһӰɱƼٸֵıԴ
棡
ֻһȭ޼ʵ֮ʵѴﵽɾ۷塣
һȭ֮еɾ۷壬ͽƼҴɱһ֮УŲ
޼䡭
ûȷһ޼ʿ᣿ĪΪﵽǷ켫ز᣿
һƼҸ߲㣬òעϡ
һȭܽ飬жԵͷͷ
һɲǼ䣬ÿ˶Ĵ֮УԭһͨʿҲӵз۷֮
𺳣
渺ֶƽƼǿߣƼңʧĦ첻ҾɱΪֹ
񣡡
һ߲㣬󷽾ͷ֮Уһɱ
ͻȻڰգһͻȻͷſֲ籩ȻΪһɽƷ籩档
ɾһ죬뷲ǿ߽֣ʧ޼ժ֣
沢δرܡ
ڼ䣬һӣ񽫾սһץ

ӡΪһӡӣ뽣Ʒ籩ײ˭ҲԸײ֮һͬ顣
С޼䣬۷ʵĽҲҲһӦòĬĬ֮㵨ҷƼңһǿһ⣿
䣬ֱƽ籩ƣΪǧ֮ˣһ㡢һ档
ȻǴ߶޼ժ֣ɱһӡӣǾջӶ۰
ɱ޹⣬ٿֲ顣
ʮ֮߾Ȼ޷ѹ棬ʱƸı䣬Դ߶һƷԵ֮ƣն⡣
⽫ռ䶼ɱһۣԵ
۷ʵټ۷Ϊ޵а
ɱЩӡκӡҲв֮

Ҳƽףŵ˵ӦҪ߶ֻзڴʱչɱ
Ͼɾ۷ʿҲѪ֮ƷǱɾ۷вƷ
һɱռ齣ۣ濴޴ӡ
һӰƤǿռ侧ӡ
ٿ
ߺ󷽣һɱ
߷ʱžҪܣȴӺ󷽰գɱӵ棬һƻС
žžž
ּΧղɱɱơ
ƽǿ޷ܣֻϢˣһƼҵ߲㣬šģƼҸڡ


1470 սɱ
ˣ
󷽴󻹺¡¡飬ΧǧƼǿߣһƬš
ĿüϾͷʮϢڻɱѵ˲ɣ
ȥľؿһĻס
һӷɳߡ
һȻҲǵɾ۷ʵ
üͷ΢΢ûһ˿ģЦ˼һߴ֡
սɱ󣡡
һδδܿߵâΧ
δ
ԭսɱ󡭡֮ǰ߼ɶպ׺ϻƼһֶ֮һҲƼĽֶ֮һ
ѪΪԴߴǿߵ󣬱˴ѪΪһߴͷʵںΪһ¯սɱ󣬻ﵽںߴͷĿֲΪ
ǲİսɱ
ʱҲ΢΢ݣսɱĽ磬ֶ֮һ
ˣ
ߴ˲ΧȺɱһâ汻âѹƣâ顣
֮ߴͷᣬͷâΧգǧڶâѹ
У治żȻƽǰ򶨣˼˼
ߴͷȫƿ󷨣һȵСӣƼóսɱѾǰ֮ǰɱһϷͷ֮һСϣʵǿ󣬽ҲҪڴˣ
ԸңܳҲȴƷǿΪֻǿߣԽҲ㷲磬ɽ磬£ȻսɱĽǿĴڣɱˣɣ
ɣ
Ц
ߴͷһ˭һЦ
һУ֪ԴС
žžž
â֮УΪһͻ
ͻΧߴϢһ·ߴһǿܡ
޲ѣȻ廯Ԫ֮еġ컯޵һͨΪԴһ͵ڶһ
컯εȹĽŹ𣿡
Сӣ㾿
Ƽкԩ𣿴أұɱˣкԩ𣿡
ͷǽһһҲһ
֣
Ѫ
ɱˣ
ƼҸǣ֪棬źεȴ
һɨǰĦһȻˣƼҲĦƼֻɱ
Ƽ߲㣬峤ϣ峤˶ˣѾ⿴㣬Ƽ˳ֲˣֲһѧԺ䣬ʲô
ҲʲôƼǷѪծ
ſڿӣλѣСħˣɱ
ɱ
ߴͷȻһȣ
֮УͻͻȻΪ˰ޣץͷӡһģһ
սɱ󣬲ƼһŽ
žžž
һ̣Ҳʼը
ͻһͬһ磬߹Уɱ򼸰档
սɱߴֽһ߶󣬼ԦͻһٵǧУϧˣͿԶԸң
ǲ٣оͻԼʵԳ
ҡһ䣬ɫһɱɲǼ䣬һѪɫȻͷš
ʱ
Ѫɫڲûб˴֮ѹ飬ͻȻŽǡ桢ɽ֡ս졭
࣡
ޱ𺳡
ȻǷ࣬˱ȻŴɽֻе۹ʿһЩϽӵУĽӵзߣȻ٣Ҳ̫࣡
ΧЩƼˣһα
ɱ
룬ﶯ浭һӣѪɫ˲ף֮ڣƯŶٺŽǡ
ҵһδ߶࣬ж಻
˲䣬߹ɷ籩Ҳ֮ɱ
ɱ׷Χ֮ЩŽǣͻȻͷһɹкˣĳԪ˳
¡¡
߹ɱ籩Žͷŵ˳Ѹͷը˫ѪɫΧըҫ۹â·Ҳû

桢Ѫɫ౻ߴͷһи
ˣߴͷֿʼӡߴͻн׷ɱڻΪ˷˰ɱȥ
սӭ𣡡
Ȼըҫ룬֮
ɲǼ䣬ӱըҫ֮УߴѪɫ졣
쳤һɱһͱò飬ɨ㣬һɨκΪ
ưԵ޼᲻ݣһΧͱ쵱վһƬƬ顣
˶Ľ綼Ǻ
Ǿط࣬ȻԦƺö⡢κδͨ
ǧƼҸĿɿڴ
սɱ֮У飬ٽƬΪԼڿռ֮ݺᡣ
ЩƬܽɱһɣ
ɼ˫ɱжྪĶǡ
֮Ϊط࣬ҮʴҲǿ߶ΣЧˣﵽ۷壬߶ŵӦ֣ںϣҴ߶࣬ͨ룬ɡ
Ưڷյ棬֮⣬Ǳٿش죬ﶯžžơ


1471 ߴ
Ȼɣ߶Ѫɫ࣬˵ѾʩչʵԼֶΡ
Ͼͷսɱ󣬾սɱ֮УҲûɡ
Сû뵽
طǵʩչƣѹ
ְ㣡
ߴͷȲˣҪɱ档
һθıַڲߴͻһ˲ʧˣ
濴󷨱仯Ϸ߹ɹҫͻȻںΪһ
Կ֮ǰʧߴͻսɱۣ֮ںһ𣬻Ϊһ˰޵ͻս
ǿ
ʱϷͻ٣淢ѪɫྐྵҲڲԵ顣
˵ˣҪģʱսɱ󣬴ﵽ壬ʵһʵǵǿ
ǿ
ֲѪɫ࣬ͻ֣÷顣
СӣںһںΪһͨ۷ںһ壬ɣ
һͷɭɭЦ
Ҳһ
ѪɫȻǿ󣬿ɶԷʵ̫һأʵǶ֣һ̣ǳ򶨣Լսɱ࣬ġ
㹻ˣ
䣡䣡
߿յƼ˻ɱѹѪɫ࣬Ƕ֪ˡ
峤նɱˣܿѪǼǺεȲĴڣ
ϣҲ治ܷһƿؾ档
صѪӦƼشϵԼܣغƼδҲǸСӣͨĳЩֶΣ֪ƼѪ֮ܣŸҴأȡ
䡭
սɱ֮Уͻɱһ
ֻһͽѪɫ࣬õ顣
Ƽ˿һĻһܵ衣
濴Ѫɫ飬ɲǼ߶ѪϰѪսɱ
ߴһѪΪǹȴѪвˣſͻ档
߶֮ȫʩչٶȣںϿһɱκһڴս֮аգɱÿռ˺ѡ
ٶȺÿ죡
Σʵսɱ֣ȥֻ·һ
̶ˣ
ߴֿ治ܣһҲ˿
֪
ѪΪ̤۷壬ٶжֲ
ÿһϢһֻɴֻ򽣬ʮϢͽ֮һߡ
žž
Ҳʩչ£ٶȳ˰뻢һ֣ڴˣһɱͻ󷽣һɱͻ
۷һȭԴ󣬾Ȼ޷ͻ
ߴСˣ
ƼǧҲЦˣǶսɱĲġ
㣬һδμ߼
һܣһ湥ٶͻ֮ϣκιƶ޷ͻսɱ̫ԡ
Ƽ˶߶
֪Ѫ̫֪֮Уսɱ󾫻Ѫһ롣
ˣʧȥһսɱƣ
һƣٶȽͻķɡ
Ѹͼɱӡ硣
Цܴսɱ󣿡ܶƼ˶Ц档
¡
ڵڶϢ
Щӡɱ󷨣û뵽սɱ󵱿顣
ۣ
ƿشսɱΪһ¯ߴͷŴ׷Ѫһع¡
ܡ
ʮ߿մƼǧ쾪
ߴͷ֮һһͷʧȥ
ߴ֣ˣ
ҵġ
ħߴʬ壬Ƽ˵棬һͷʬ壬ġ
ߴͷˣ
սɱˣ
ߴͷʬ壬Ҳڽ£׷ġ
߿˺󷽴ȻﲫɱƱըʮž
Ƽǧһ˫˫ӣѪ챬ѡ
ǰһ̻սɱѹ棬һ룬飬ߴͷҲ˲
һ̣Ƽҵÿ˵УŴߴͷ
֮ǰһͷߴͷ˴ǿ̲ضУʬ֮Уʬ֮󣬼ϴѪնػұܴ޼̤ɾ
ǧľƼǿߣȻڱնɱ֮УһֻֻѪӿڡ
һ˷ƼǷңǷĸѪծҪɱʲô
ָǰ֣ƼҰУӦ֪жǿ󣬱ͨʿ죬˻Ħ죬ƼǿߣƼҶԹȻйأ˳һս
ƼҸ߲㣬㶯λ޷ɱǾʮˡ˰ˡ
Ƽǿߣⷬŭա
ͷǴȻ峤ϳ֣ƼҶɺ
ŲмһߣƼҶˣã˰ˣҽűǣɱһɱɱҲɱ
ҵȵȣ
һ߳ʾͷǰ


1472 
峤پͷ
磬ִΡȻƣˣǶ£ȻӽƼң䣬峤ģҲӦʿ䣡
峤
˲䣬Ƽ˲ԼͬΪź
ֿһˣƺڽʲôһա
Ҳսɱ֮Ѫڣ죬ƼҽĦ죬һսƼҷҪ˳֣Ȼ峤ҶҲ
ƼҽأƼɱƼҸ߲㡭ˣ㲻ԸοƼ飡
ƼǸοˣֺ꣬԰ߣ
ƼҾкιڣ
ڣѪĦ·˵ֻʵɱһѪ·
峤Ƽ֮ϣƼѪսʤңȥҶ֣Ƽ飡
նԻ
ˣδͷɱһһ䣬ڲԳ֡
ɱ
ף
ȳ֣ٶȻӡ˲䣬Ϸ׷ճһצ
գǰףڶϢ֮׸ַջצɱ
˲ȻںϵزƼȻռ䣬ܱƿء
һԷͨڶϢûȻռ䣬ΧΪ
žžž
Ϊ룬Ѫ𣬻ΪѪɫ࣬ŽˣΧջצɱһ
ûŽǹƣյþҽһ㻯ȥ
һӡɱзϷһŽɱһ𣬺Ž߶£ɽţ뻢ӡɱÿռ𵴡
˫Խͨӵ¡
ͣ
û뵽צӡγտռ䣬潫Ƭռ䣬ճһȻ¯
ΪȵѹŽǡս칥ƣ׷׷գ౾ƣҲʼա
඼ȼա治Ϊǿߣƿ֮Уκһ˿Ϣܱգ
޿ˣڷգֲ̫ˡ
ʱͨһࡣ
ɱȻХˣƼأƣѪҲΪΣû˻ǵã֮ΪٵأҲؽҵ˼ף
ף˵Ҳ֣˵һƼԣΪУѰ·
׾ͺãװȥҲΪһ³ģҲĥ㣬һʹ죡

һ̲סЦ
ЦʲôĪڲźڣס
첻ףע˽ֵǿǣӵɵ޼ԼΧ쾳컯ƼʿҲס
Ƶ棬Ц˲
ǿƷҵˣѱƿأЦЦҲ޼䣬ǵɾͷ벽˾ʵȻδΪʱ֣㻹Ц𣿡
˵ͦԣǱδǴﵽ־磬û֣ϧҪ׽Ū㣬ûиɾֻ޼һнɣս죡
˵˫һϣΧռ䣬ͻȻ̡
ֹ֮طգϷΪһͻſջ𻢣档
ſտռҧ˺ơ

һƣ֮ǰ˴ͷִ߶һһġ
ʱΪԣӦΪϲߣȻûкһǻȻָ֮ץһɽ⣬Ϊһ˲ɱȥ
䣡
꣡
һû˽Χ𻢴棬Ҳȫա
Ҫ棬𻢱һЩò飬ΧһЩ
ɱһƣɱУһɱˡ
컹ǿ
Էƣǽˣ˵첻ΪͨλƷ޵и߶ȡ
ǵأ
ˡ
쵱̤Ż룬յȥһơ

ǧϷͻȻγһƣΪȼ״ָ̬Ҳڷ֮Уƴ߿հ͵سɱ
һ㹻֡޼ʿ
߶֮һûֱɱƣǴ߶Ǿ֮£ɱһƬŤۼ
ۼٶܵӰ죬Ҳ١
ĿռͨſռֶΣ֮ʩչЩš
峤
ɱǿУ
Ƽǿߣֻܿ汻ѹգƣǲϸߺΪ͡
ںϣ潫ռӵ˼¡
ǵվƣٶܵһӰ죬ٴɱʱһ
ǵأ
һ
ոն㿪һƣһӡɱ
Ҳɱһƣƿ£ڶվͻأ


1473 ʥ
ȷ
ɱֲƣκһƣԿɷɱ񷲽۷ͷ
ɱ棬ѪҲ޷סơ
С񡭡
ˣ
ǶֶΣʱ棬ѹ֮ϣվʵ
ʩչͨȻվƶ֣Ǵ߶СǧӳͨɶԿ
ϧ߶Сǧ̫ˡ
ҲǺȥˣ
վƸŰףɱϷʮɰգΧǷƣҲûˡ
Сˣ峤ɱ˾µѧԺ䣬Ҳ˰ɣ
Ƽ˴ſϲ
䣡
վɱڰա
û䣬һжգ޵ƿƬ޴ӣ崦ɲء
߳߳
֪ΪΣվͻȻ飬һξɱӡһ顣
ۡ
֮⣡
һѪ飺ܣε˲佫ͨ飡
ըѣͻȻ˺Ѻۼ֩ը֮УΧǱƿط
Ҫҵ򣡡ǵը֮⣬˷䣬Ŀ
ѪδϢѪ½أһϢʩչ̰㿴ǰհա
䣡
˲Ϣ
հս˺ѡԼϨ𣬿ռ֮гִۼ
ۣ
һѪռ飬
峤
һĻĻ޷ӹƼǿ߸ӦĿ⣬ˣ֮ǰǰź
ûٿͷҲĬ
쿴ӽѪѹƣŶտռ䳤Хʵܴ鱾򡭡
ܣ
ԼԼ䣬֮УǷաϨ֮УֳɼȻΧɧռѹ
˵ǿ
濴ƻǱУ֮ҶԴûв֣˰ܴ꣬ӷ޵޼𣿡
˰޵޼ܣȻҲпܣǴͷΪϴ裡
ϴ裬ǿԼУ
;Բܣ˵˵޼ǵ컯쾳˰Ҳܡ
ˣ˵ܣҶԣȴǿܵģΪֻ˰˰꣬ʵ
𣿡
һţ
ͫ׷ŴЩţĻǾòܣ˿Լǧ޵ð۷ʵ
ˣ
κţܴ޼һ䣬ͻ䣬ϰ˰꣬ţĽҲΪࡣ
ƼҺܶҲҡͷǸӲţһͨˣü꣬޵õʵ
ɳ죬֪㻹Ӵɱɣҿö÷޷ң˵Լ֮ΣѱˣʵҲ޷ɱ֮ǰǰֲƣ
ţ
˼ʣͻȻһ𳤿գƼΪ֮һֽӡտռ䣬ʮָҲڷգʥ
Ŷ
ʥ
Īһִͨ
֮ʣȻּơ

Χ罣ƿ֮ǽ濴һͻӰ˷˺ѡϨ֮Уɱһͻ
֮ǰͻֻлͷͷ֮һ
ſͻ֣ͷϡ¡Χǻͷ˳黢ͷ
⣬ÿͨһƿƬ֮Уƿأɱƣ
ովòӴѹѹžž顣
ǣΧͷȫ֯һӰķӡУҸѹܿѹ޷
ã
Ǻܶ˽кá
ˣɱû˫ͻȻʮͷ֯׾޴ӡ
ȫУϡܼ޷һľͷˡ
Ϊֲǣһͷ죬һɹɷյÿռҲڻΪҽ
˲û棬ͷӻڲѹײһ
峤޵У
峤
һ̣ʮ⣬ǧƼǿ߻ңԶƼʿź졣
㡭
ܶƼʿӯ
ʱˡ쳤˿
Ҫֿ˫֣ͫͻأŴ
䣡
һɫӡǷӡӣ˲һɱһ
¡¡
һ룬׻ͷӡӣͬһ߹һǷȻ֮к
ۣ
һΣ첻ӡ飬ѪѪҲһĲ˵
ǿվȣѳΪһѪˡ
ƼҶ˷ոջҪɱΪ˾ӡ֮£ǵ޵зӡˣ
ҲޱǱ
ʵﵽ۷壬Ľۣ֮һʵԽҵˣ죬ʵ治֣ϾΪⷽ棬Ҳ޼䣬޼ɾĲ࣬ʮ޼ɾͷʮ


1474 
հգƬըѣв԰ףһȻۖۖΪʵҵóϣǿ󣬿ϧҲ֮ͨܣֶΣǿͷվڷǳۣ֮Ҳɱҵģ

üͷʱ˿̣æ졣
ҪƼ峤һ֮ܳ⡣
ֱƣǱʥɽһطӡ𾴸ߺǰһӦöѲر٣ѪҲ飬챦˶ߣϣʱʩչӻ֮ӡ򣬷ӡߣ
ʯ
ȱ
ҲѪʥɽһΪƽأǷ֮£ƼҽѪء
ϧһڣӴѪǿѪ

Ƽ峤ǲţ׷׹
⡢ΪʿƼҾҲ
ڸ߲ʱΪ峤ڣĦ첻ڣôϣϴڡ
ƼĹǣ
Ա߾ƾ棬֮ǰǳмĴڣһͨСӣƼҶ֣
ȥ湫ȻɱƼ˿δ峤ʵ
Ҳ磡
ʱ䣬Ǽӱɱּ涷峤Ҳˡ
ˣ
еˣ֮ǰɱȥˣˣ
ˣ֮ǰûɱȥ
֪ΪҪ㴦Сġ˰ɣ˰ȳһ䣬žͷ
Ҳתա
ǽΧƼҸֻô󣬲סһδδ˺ϻ֮ܵһʱ

ʥɽɽյأ
·֮Уһնһë󻢡
ˣ
Ƽ˿ë󻢣·׷¹ͷӭ棡
˰ɣѪʯ˭ġʮɶëͻһͷˮ
Ѫʯ
Ƽˡë󻢿˵ˣһ֣Χռһͬʼ𵴡

ԾؿŻëͻû뵽Է˾ˣʵﵽһ߶ȣ컹ǿ
ףΪʲôƼصĴڣΪĽ綼֪Ƽһǿ
ȷԵ

˭֪ëԱߣһë󻢡

һͷˮһе֣һ
ж
˭
ֿƼǿߣǵûо֮ɫֻ𾴣Ȼë󻢾е
ˣ죬㻽к⣿Ƥ˻ơɣ˵
ϤʶҾ֮ǰƺĳطͻüͷԽìܡ
ͻȻ˵ˣѪʯ𣿡
԰ֲϤʯΪλëѪʯ˵
Ӧò̫ѽͣʯӦȻü֮Լһ֣ͻڣ˵
ԭˡҲʯë󻢣Ҳһܶѣ
ˣ
ԽףԽ֪ǿ󣬿ʯ治򵥣ҵʱδʯΪˡ
칪񣺡֣ӡڿռ䣬ü屾Դ󣬽˻ɱ
ɱ˵ģʯӻëﴫͻȻ÷ǳΪ֮
⣬ҪͷǽǸεȽ֣޷ԤϡͷһĨ
칧ǰͷֻҪֽѹ֮Уʣµ죡
ë֮УȻǰͻ˵Ƽұӻߣʮһδδںյֱչأ궼뿪һӦƼ棬Ƽҵ֮ʣһֻסƼң
лǰ
һ쳣󷽸Ͻ֡
Ƽٴ
ҪΪУˣ渡һ˿˿ɱû뵽Ƽջ֡
Σ
ţ˶ΪͻṫȻ֣ǿؼˡ
˵ȴţҲҪαնɱ
ΡΡһȣ˵ҪƼҲų֣ǲǵ£Ҳܲˣ
ǰ
ɲǼ䣬Ƽ˶ԣһպ
ľͷһͷˮΪֱӻƼң
һͷȻ벻ͨ󣬴һ˿ԹǰƼұӻߣΪιܲˣ
΢ͣȷʵҹܲˣΪƼڲ£֮ΪƼ鷳Լɵģ
˵꣬ë󻢰ͷٹ˼Ƽҡ
ʧۣΪβ档
Ȼڲ£ȻҽѪأͲƼѪûֹѪ
Ƽûף˵ڲ£ô¡


1475 ɱ
˿׶ˣЦͶˣ˭ҲܲˣƼѪծҪѪ죬ҷȰһ䣬ĦңҪĦ콻ҴãƼһҪˣƼҲǣ
پͷΪ֮ŭСӣεȴڣҲɱ㣬ң
Īżһսָ֮һҪ˽һЩ飬ƼѪծ˭ҲѲ˸ϵ
Ⱥţ
޷붯棡
ӳĬеϢ
ˣ
Ƽ峤Ħ컹ܲ
ͷƣʱдˣСΪ㻤ʵ֣Ҳκβ㣬߶С񣬾Ҳ֣
̤ɾûһˣҶ֣÷Ҳ׻ɱ졭
ѪɫִΧͷţɱһΧǷ
һУ̫΢΢һüͷҪԸֻСȻ顣
ղܴռ䣬ǰд߶С

ûһ
һΣ쾹ҲտУͷ
֮ǰ汻ѹƣѿʵȲ
ʩչ棡
һͷΧһգغХ
֪ܵΧӡ߶ɱ
Ѫ
컯
ɱͷŴѪΧɷտռ䣡
Ѫɫࡢ컯ںϣΧ򾫻ڡ
ʩչ̺ԼؾǾһգھǰװ
֮ǰܰӣսɱ󣬾ʱһģһֹͣѪɴ
֮ǰӣڵ죬Ƕ뵽ʩչ򡢴˷
ȴж컯ѪɫࡢΪصѪ
κɣ򵥣
أ
һɽͷʵֻǴﵽɾ۷壬δγɷӡ
뿪ͷͷҲ飬ʱʵûԲࡣ
Ϊˣƻᡣ
ɰɣѪһκδ󡢿ռκңܵģ
һֻֻѪΧţûκвʵΧ
ѹ
һᣬδ
ͻȻڷѪɫ棡
Ѫ
ϤѪ濴죬翴һԼ
Ѫգ˵ڶѪ˲ϢΧͷһҽһռ䣬˲û顣
濴Χž̾ϢѪȻ̶ʱָһƣٴδ߷۷

ͷֻΪһӣû
ɱ
ͻȻɭɭͬһжӡԸ档
ָһڷɳһƷʸӡעɱȥ
һжɣ跨
˫ֺʮǰͻȻְ˵ͫ⡣
·֮УͻȻֻ۾
мǿܻɱǿУҶ㿴ˣǾǱǿԺһҪգ죡
Ƽ˾ͷǣһƺ֪ҪʩչεֶΣһѪڣѹһԹ
ɱѹûͷң˫֮£ɱ𣿡
һͷɱһһ
ӡ֮Уѹûһ˿棬ȴͷŸΪɱЩ顣
ݣ
һڵͻȻɱǰ
߶֮ռ侧ӡ˸䣬ΪһӰǲ
߳߳߳
˲䣬֮ʣͻȻΧְ˵ͫ⣬ÿһջ档
ǡ
˵ͫⲻǼͨһ
ɱ
Ӱ˵ͫĻ֮УоޱϤɱ
ԭ˵ͫһɱ
ɶ񡭡
ּԦռ侧ӡƬռ䣬ˣ
˹ɻ֮Уɱ򡢺󱳡ȣſֲ棬ռ䣬һһƬڿֲ
ۣ
䣬Ӱ֮⴩
ɫ԰ף硢󱳡ȡ첲ˣĿģ԰˵֮ͫΧա
վ⣡
ΧͷҲʧ٣ԦһĮĿ⣬·ˣյþԿ˰ɣƼҵ̣ɱɱֻǽɱһ跨֮Ҳɱκʿ˲㹻ˣ
滺ţΧջѹƣƤˣȻɱҵǺ㣬ƼǼҴҵɱҲΪ棬ؼŽɱ֮ͨǸƼ峤
ɣһʹ죡쵱һ߶
ɱɱɱ
Ƽ˵ٴź
̣
һ˲䣡


1476 ԭԼ
ɱˣյ棬Ȼһ˿ڣȻճֲѪ
Ϊ˵ǣѪΧѪһΪ˵ǣϴѪ𣬾Ȼ᲻Ѫɫͻ
⡭ϡҪɱѪɫ桢ƣһ˲Ϊľͷˡ
ҡ
ƼҵѪ𣡡
ϲѪ𣬻ƼΪѪѪ߲ƣ⡢ԭƼˣ
Ƽһˣ
֮£
Ϊһʱָˡǿ󡢿治ò߶£ҲѪ
ѪգѪѪѣѪ֮Ȼ޷Ѫ
ôܣ
һЩͷţ浱һ
ƼˣͻȻѹƵһ̣ûгû߶ɱ档
֮£Ϣٴǿ󣬲䳰ҵȷһѪͬѪҲԼƼˣǣѪծģ
Լˣ
ƼһɲǣƵģǿɱشƼҡ
Ӷˣ
ȻƼ˶û뵽ģǰ嶯ҡġǿСȻԼһѪ
¸żʮʮ
Ƽʿʱ˿̣ˣϷͨգ͸Ѫջ棬ԸӦһѪϢ
Ƽˡ
Ƽҹɽˣ˸ʮˣմȾѪѪϢа˳ƣӦǼ֧
ԭƼʿţҲƾ氡ǰͬˣ
˷Ƽ˸૾̾
ٿ棬򱻻ˣɻɱĽмܻ
ϴðŽѪѪţڲžѪǰѪһģһ
ɰɡ
ƺΪˣ֮У֮ǰɱ˴ͷ֮һһʬ壬Ѫɫɡ
ʬžͷӵһѪԣʬõ鵤ҩκƣֻҪһǿͿԻָ
ϢУǻɱʱ

ֻҪһУɱʩչͨΪΪѪǴʱ֣в
ȴûж֡
ܶƼ֮ǰǷѽ⣬͵Ϯɱ档
һЩˣĿⰵпë󻢡

ƼұӻߣһֱƼյ֮Уֻд²Ż
Ϊ֮ǰƼ֣ѹ棬ֱӾܾ
ԭ治ˣƼˣ졢ƼκγͻƼڲ¡
˴ʱŻȻԭͿݣȻҲ˵жǿ
¡
Ǿ޴磬ƼΧɱ
ڱ޷赲﹥ƣ޴类飬ﳬһգƼǿ߽Է׷ɱ
ϴ󣡡
Χﻤܣκ˳û˺档
ˣû뵽ƼˣһѪͬѪ𡭡
ζһ
һˣ
ÿˣһѪǹһˡ
ǰһǱƼҵһʱ䣬Ѳݣܽأ
ǰˣ̤Ѫذ֡
㿴ΧЩƼɵĵ̣֮ǰҲǼ嶰ȴ֣֮ʱȫпɱ㣬ȴûж֡
ǰһҲˣĨɱû뵽˲ˣƼˣΪһ峤ֻбѪ
ɱȥܾˣú̸̸Ϊ᲻һУɱϼ壬նɱѪ
˵ˣޱΰһ峤
ƼҲɱѹȥ
ϢҲ٣ﱣΧ˭˺

Ϣƽ֮浭ӦΪһ֮ȷʸʵ֮ǰ˵ףΪĦǽĦ죬һζֹ
ƴǼ֮أĳˣ峤ҲûʸֻҪ㽫ԭί˵ףΪ峤ͻһ

Ϊ峤Ȩ
йһлĦһұڶţ
ⲻܣмĹء
֮ǰҾ˵ûвܣǰǲܣǰһжпܣĦīȣãڿʼһɱīȣƼ˭ңҲҶԣʵʵѣ˭վΪΪУΪһ֮Ҳһ
ǿƣ
һ峤ί񡢵ͷΪ˺һ
˶ΪȻǶû뵽澹Ȼʱ򣬻ǿӲ
ߣ
ƾͻȻüȵʲô峤壬δأ㲻ж£Թ£ΪƼʲô峤Ҫɱ㣬㻹վ


1477 Ѫ
浭һƳЦʲôʱ˵ķݣ
δ峤ҲƼˣƼңһͨƼˣҲ˵ķݣ
δ峤òˣλȨذδƼ峤δ峤峤ơ
ҡ
ƾ棬˵δ峤ԼǴ϶ӣ;£δģˣǵݣǰǵ㽾ǰлһЦ
㣡
ŭˣ
ҲδˣʹԼ
ƾδ峤Ǵ϶ӣ
˭˵
˵꣬Ѫն𣬵ɾ˳γǵ֮ơ
ҡҡͷʧϧˣƼδ峤ΪǸегǸˣΪƼ峤Ƽ䲻һǧɣУ˿ǰƼ˿ϹˣҪҶ֣ɣȫ⣬ͬϰĹˣ
øָɣ
ĸˣôϣҲ̲ס㲻ңҲƼңԼƼȱˣΪֶΣ¶ģ
ҴӲΪңȴΪ»ᱻ̤ڽ£ԷƼҴϣ滹ǵӦԡ
Ҫ֣ʻ
ƼѪ𣬶һжĦֱӹϵҾͽѪ𲻹죬˭ңҾɱ˭ҶԣƼֻͬ·˰ˣ
Ǳֱˣ
ɲǼ䣬쿪ʼӡ֮ǰǵӡΪƣ𵴰˷Ͻ跨
һּգ߶ơ
ȴһ˴Ƥ£ɱ
ͣ
ҲͷžѪ𣬻ΪһྪѪɫͻ档
һѪҲΪһͻѪһ׳ۡ
˶ͷѪһƣһͻɱ
һѪצͻȻһģֻͫǰ֣ͼ˹ɴɱջ档
Ѫ
ǰֲֻ̫ͫˡ
ҲʾͷųѪһ̣ڲʵ
򽡢ͻѪԿֲ˳ӿһͻ棬ѪȥΧ
䣡
ͻѪֻͫĻ棬ͱյ֧飬ǰֻͫ֡
ƼҲԿһ̣ж޵Уһΰ
ȴûк˰벽ͷЩ꣬ͻѪƼҲĿ࣬һˣܽѪ˵ز
ͷǿѪɱѪʵ޴Ѫڸ߿ɱ
ɰɣ֮ǰ첻پһθɸ࡭濴Ѫ棬ͱա
һҲģҲδܵشӰ죬ΪѪɣĴڣ編
Ѫûˣûˣǡ
ʮϢһЩѪ
ЩѪѪڣʹѪ
ոԼָһ룬ƼѪУȻˣԭǴԽߣӵλƷ磬ҲſԲκξ綾ſѪΪʦѹ½
ˣ
ɱ䣬ӦѪƣԼǿ
ҲǰƷɻ󣬸һһס
峤ѪСǰ
ѵ峤ѪΪûǿ峤޵еĴڣ
ʱ
ƼΧѪ̫࣬Ȼտʼǰ䡣
̫Ѱ
һžͷĽ֮еİ巽½ѧԺ䣬Ҳʵ¡
һѪʱѪȴȲһ
֮ǰһͷʬ壬Ѫ٣ˣִʵ
һûǺԭɵģ
ҲֻģһС
ȻȴǱѪǷѪ֮ɶԷΪձںϡ
־Ѫ
Ԫ󷨡Ѫ󷨣κιҲȲ־κβͬ
죬Ȼǿ󣬵ѲҶ֣Խɱ֮Ҳȫ߶ɱ
ɣĦ죬ƼҾǼΪĿɱҲκβң
ƼΪεֵزҲҪάһСˣҲף죬پȥִԲ򣬾͹ֲɱǰ㣬ɱ
ˣȻӣɫ
Ϊ峤Ҳܸ㣬άʹţΪɱ֮Ҳֲ˶á
ؼľʱʱ̱̿ѪɣǿΪҲ޷ȥ
Ħ죬֪ڰһУȻҶˣΪλѲ֮УǸѹС
Ϲ٣ҲΪ㣬ĦĿУȻǸʱʱ̿ڱ󣬸չ˵Ϲ١
ɣĽȻǷ죬ѵǻҪȥңбҪ𣿡
ؿ񷣬ƺں죬ͷԪ嫳ˮӿƼҰ˷


1478 Ħ졢桢Ϲ
ƼҲڱֳĬʱһ峤Ƕ֣ϾҪżѹ档
㻹ˣ
˲ϢһӰ֮ԶƮȻ
һ׷׿񷡣
ͻȻѹƣѪͻѪڣĦ죬óˣΪ㣬ƼҰӱɱʯΪһˣ㲻ϧðУ
Ϣ
ಣ
Ӱ̤ն
ˣ󷽻ʮǿɾͷ
Ӱռ䣬ֳһµϹݣڻ֮УǸ常
īɽׯׯĦ죡
ˣ
΢΢üˣҲ
Ϲüɫм룬һۣ㴹ͷ·ڶĿ⡣
ٿĦھͷƼ峤ʱƼʿʾ⡢ס
峤࣬ңĦ쾶ֱŸ֣ϹԱߡ
Ҿ̫ͽ㣡ûлȥȻƯɡ
һҲż֣Ħ죬ǵһμ㱾λ磬īɽׯĶ־ͶӰ
Ħɭɭһ裬ŭʲôλ磿ϲ֪飬ҼɱˣأұҪԽɱ
˼ԭ㶼ϣԭ޵󱲣ΪûһУΪҴƷĽ磬ûһ׼
ƼĲ㣡
㿴š
ͻȻϥ¹һĻƼ˸Ϊɻ
Ŀ⣬滺һУҫ䣬ӹâ֮гһ߱ʹĸʬ
ŲԲԳӵ޷ò
һЩƼǿߣ͸Ӧʬ֮УΪƼѪϢҷǳǿңˣƼ塭
ǰʬ塭
Ϥ̷ĳʯڵﷸ
ǿ𽥷ྪ֮
ǻмپͷ߲㣬ɫ֮и𺳡
ˡЩȨߣҲԱ
ĸף֮鿴Űɣ캢ҪΪ㱨𣬷Ǻ֮ˣ캢һΪնɱΪѪ
˫ֿͫĦ죺ĸ԰ɣ˸ңҲûشң̷ĸ׺ǣӦһѪҾ֪ҵĸף֮£Ħ죬Ӧһ˵УҪΪһһӣʲô֪飬Ѿ߰˰ˣ
ܡ
ǡɡ
ɰڿĸף
ѵǧǰǸ֮гĺӡ
˵꣬·ƼҲٸ߲㣬
˸Ϊһͷ߲㣬һ̲סžʣǿű˴ˡ
Ħ죬㲻˵˵
ͷǱڰգ֮վɱзգҲǳƷ磬ҲǸɽҰСӣҲƷʿ棬Ҳ棬ǧǰƼҸɵĺӣ֮䣬Ҹײĸñ̷ղֻһոճĺӣҲʧȥʧ֪
Ʒ糤λ磬ΪҾλߣҴλĴְƭֻҽңǽ󡣡
һжΪûΪ㡢ͬʱƷ磿Ϊεҳ֮󣬳ΪǿߣϹٸıݣλȥλǱߣһжΪ
Щ֪ģҴӻɱƼЩǿ߼֮УҲȡǧǰǴα¼ţһУ㲻ʲôе飬ʱҲ޷
˵ѹŭ𣬶Ħ죺ɣȻҪƼңѪҵĸ
һƬѻȸ
治ƼˣǵɡĶӡ
ǴαȻȥǧ꣬Ǻ߲ܶ㶼ǵ
Ǹӣ
Ǹ˶ĺӡ
ʲôû뵽Ħ죬ֻǵⷴһûġ
Ȼ㲻Ƽ˶ãƼĶӣҲƼˣΪĦ죬ȴ½糤һˣΪӣܲĸһ
ɲͷѪƣپ죺ƼãҪΪĸ˭ңҿɲᵱԼˣĦ죬һս
ߣΪϣ縺صĪΪ㲻ɣĪöĦɳˡ
ûдǿߣֻһˡ
ͣ
ͷųѪ𣬴ĦΧճΪһһﾪͻơ
ҲͷͻƣĦɲǳ֣һջצΪһﾪˣ·ӴѪɱɱС
Ҳһץ
ҲͬջצĦʽͬơҲһ
¡¡
ɷ˵˹ɱһ𣬿ռ䶯˺ѣơצڰղ顣
ƾУ
Ƽ˲ٳԾ֮ǰһսӣɱӣɱò£Ħɱ㣬Ҳ֮С


1479 սĦ
֪䣬˽ʮغϣɱü֮ڸ߿գ顢ըѣͻںХ
ɽХգ߿սóֶѺۣ侲ϢǿйȻϢ⡣
һС㣡
ʱɱ
Ħ޷ռκƣһ˿㵣䲻ߺһ
Ħ죬㵱һӣҲл㵱һǺͯʱûжɱ֣һغҲн죬һҲ죬һһжԹ˽֮ɣ
ߣ
Ħһ
ڷջ֮ɱͷֶһ
ΧռҲΪ״̬Ħʩչȫ
ͬǣĦ֮УһЩȼȻ죬ΪһЩ
û뵽Ϊ˲˿Ҳ峤
ƼҶǿߣĦȫ֣ҲǷ˼
ǰԵĿռͨ
տռ䣡
ǳϤһδν֣ԵͷܵˣⷬĪϵ
ƿƬռ䣬ͷ򣡡
γɣĦо컹ҪΪһЩ
ͷѪͬʱɱ񷽣ΪϽ˷տռɱȥ
ݣ
ƿ֮֮ͻȻ
ԭǿռ䲻ϱпӣʱʵҲ۷壬ǵΪв࣬Ѳ̫ԡ
ʴĦͷ򣬾ͱٽпӡ
ѪһͷųȥΧĦ򾫻
Ը췽һģһֻһأʱǰ֮ǰȴѹų֡
ƴϣԸǸҲǳ
ʵҸ棬ݣ𣿡
Ӧģͷ߲ǶֳĬǼٵģһ˵ڷ
һЩƼͨʿʮ֮⣬߿սҲ׷ײ²š
ϽȥһЩѪվ˾ֻصڣ
֮ǰˣһͷʬ壬ԼʱĦһЩƺõ߰˰ˣʵҲ۷岻Զ
Ѳһǿߣò
ԽɱţԽսоǿ
ģĦ¶һЩƣ̬ԽɱԽ¡
棬ɲƷ磡
Ħһ̣ȻΧȻƼصȻ
Դ
ƼﾭӪ꣬ȻƬںϣضٱԴ
Ħ뾫һɲǼ䣬пЩ򣬷ؿʼںϣһЩ顣
⣡
û뵽Ħ춯Դ֮ٶ˾ˡ
ɱ
Ħָһ㡣
ˣʸɱڿУЩһջߡ
ͻѪ
Σ
Էǿ󡢳Ѫ
ͷųͻѪÿһѪŵɾʵһѪըΪͻ˫һڸ߿֮вը
ըÿռڣΧڲ
ѹ£ЦĦ죬㻹δʩչǶ÷ɣͨʵԴﵽ۷壬ҲȲ٣״̬ɱңһɱ㣡
ĦɪɪһһΪû뵽̶̲ǧ꣬һӤɳ˸߶ȣ֪һ죬һɱ㣡
ȻɾͣƿأϹٸߣΪʱʱ̿ƿң
λ治λ磬Ʒ磬ΪΪһƽʿˡ
Ħ죬ĸǺԩģһУˣҸᣬǴʱ˵װףҲɱ㣡
ƿС治ǧ꣬Ǳ֣
Ħ죬Ҹᣡ

Խֲ
֮Ħͬ˸ˣ֮ǰǸȣʱϣ˫ժȡ£޵ĳһơ
߳߳
ռ䣬䱻ǿ󽣾ɱ𵴣Ȼһ̣ռѿ
ѿɽһһЩסֱһռ룬һɽɱ
ΪĦѵǷ켫̫ţΪ죬Ħ죬վ۷壿
ҲˣǴ߶ͨ
󲿷ڴ߶Ѫɫڲǿ鱦ʯǿɲǷ֮
鱦ʯͷޱȰץռ侧ӡƷһɼ֮˵ͨ
Ҳ򣡡
ʱֶξ
֮ǰʩչѪѪȻΧĦƣʱֵһʩչ鱦ʯʩչ
ռ䣬ѳտռƬĦƿţɱ˿ᡣ
ͨƼ˿Ŀɿڴ
Ҳͨ۷
˫ץռ侧ӡһɱǵռƬץȥǵֲƬһֲ׹ٶȾȻһƶ
䣡
ֻӥצץ
ռƬڶ顢顢Ŀ׹Ƭ˲ײÿռĦռƬһͬ顣


1480 Ѫ
ۣ
Ħ졢漸ͬʱ˰벽ñ˴˴Ѫ
ѪѪ˿ʵͨΪĦ죬Ҳ٣ɻֶΣǲóСɾûˣ
ٿĦҲǱΪѣǳԾģƺûϵΪϣﵽֲز
û뵽ҲҲ֣
ƼֹţʵһҲûȥ浱
һͬǼڲ֮治УоͲǵˡ
̡
ˣ
Ħ죡
ͻȻѪ𣬴Ѫ֮У徹ȻһͷѪϰǵ۱һѪ˺ѣϰȫΪѪ
ĳ˭֪ĦʱʩչֶΣͨĳ׽͸
ĦڳΪһѪڵڶϢϰѪʼΪɫƤë˫۱֮ǰִһҲǻɫƤë
ΪŵǣĦͷΪͷ
һ˰޵Ļë
˿Ħ컯Ϊ𺳡
Ҳһ㵣Ѫ޵˵زܽɱ䣬Ϊ˰ޣӵ֮
Զ߿գë֮Ħ죬õ㻯ȻƼʮһѪ˵ز
лǰȫҲѪرչض꣬ϴѪںϣΪѪƼ޵Ѫ֮ΪѪĦΪ˰ޣơϢȫ֮ǰˡ
ǿ
̾ĻԵƼұӻߣǰκһƼӵʳڣԿԵõƼʮ꣬Ϊɫ
̶̼ϢҲָĦ죬޵ΪѪҲ޷ѹңʱ㣬ȻǷˣˣ
ĸ
ĦΧȻ֡
ڰɫ͸Ʒ
ڵһһСС಻̫ԣҲ΢΢

գۼ䣬Ħǧ⣬Ұ޳̶
ĸٶȸΪˣɱǰ
ˣĸΪ籾ԴһЩʶ籾Դ
ܿû뵽ɻ֮ʱĸâȻΧʮ˲仯ΪĸһĽ
ݣ
ûиʱ䣬ΪЩǰ
ֻɲͷѪɫࡣ
߳߳߳
ɱѪɫ̳һۡ
Ѫɫྐྵǽ֣
ͣ
ѪɫпһЩ͸࣬ҲȻɱϡ
һʱָڣϽ𵴣һαˡ
Ϊֲǣһɱн֮һɱ
ԺæˣĦʩչĸںƷıԴԲӵһȻںϣϢһĦͨȻʱںϣƬռʩչƣѪʵ컹΢΢ǿһЩ
ںƷıԴ
ʥ̶һеıԴĦ졣
治ƣĿ濴ԶĦ죺ĵ̣
ĦѪ޻ϰɱ㣡
㷢ˣһδ
ͻȻץһĨɫ⣬Ҳ޷ֹɱɫ
߳߳
˲ĸ̶ը
ɱ˳֮Уը˾þ㤡
ԭĸȻˡ
Ʒͬʱѿ
֮һɫ⣬һʧΧĸƣȻΪʮɹƣ϶ѹȡ
ۡ
˲䣬Ԧ֮ҲĦЩ˵
۽ǶѪ˰ҲֲѪ˺ѣȻĸ飬ش
ĸȻˣ
Ľ磬ΪƷ֮һҲƼңǿ󼸼
ε˲佫ĸ飿
ƼˣƬʮɽռ䣬һƬ̵Ϊ֮
Ʒ˲䱻飿
˿ֲ
һ̣ٴ˿ʱѲǿһˣһ졢ĦƽƽϾͷ
Ħɹһ㣬˺ѷγ𣺡ҵĸ֪һں
治ں·û˵ʲôκвҵʧʿˣҲˣϹȥƷʥ̣оƷıԴĸڵӵпռ䱾Դһ߶ܸ׼Ԧռ䣬õΪԴǿռ䷨ϧʼǷ
ʱ˿̣Ħս󷽿һϹݣֶԸ档

Ϲݺԥʮɾͷ
ĦЦ棬ȷ͹ʵʵǿҲвϻ֮
Ϊ֮£Ҫ޹˲ͽ֮ǰƼҰӣףǾͲ£ʱϹǿΪУҲẦǰװˣص㻹޷ıս֣


1481 ȥ
Ҳ֮ͨܣ
Ϲ٣鷢չزֺαĦ
עһµϹϣʮɾͷѳĦҡ
Ϲף常֮֮£ʲô˼
ңĦ֮㡢㣬ǿ󣬴һʼѣһУҲԻһУҴƷ磬ľӪ½ңһУֻǹߣ
ŮӦӸĸĻ𣿡
ҶѣûмֵĦԴһһ㣬㵱ߣʵҾ͵ˣƷ羭εΣҶĿ磬֮⣬СںˣҲںŮˣĽ磬Ϊ˾ȳףҲΪС
㻹һ֡
ĶȰ˵ϹݺĦ֮дž㵡
Ħ죬㻹ǹ²
ܲҲˣҲںϹݡ
ɱڷգ̹ȻϹݣһиýˣǰûҲûʵûж˼ȥ˼棬ˣСˣĺǣҲֿΪҲãϦҲգҪģ
ϻǿߣʩչϻ֮ɱĦȻϹߺ
ɱ棬ȻǧǰǸӣƼˣ˲ɲɱ
󷽵֮
Ħ󷽵ͷ峤ʵǿֶβ̣Ƽˣɱˣ²ɱҲҪѹѹ֮󣬼δã
ţ
ͬˣ
֣ĦٴϹݡʮͷ
ಣ
ʮǿϹͬʱһһӰ˲ǧ⣬ĦҲٴνӡͷΧӿ֡
ϹʮͷѹΪ˳ĦںϣĦҪǿ󼸱
ʮȫʩչϻ֮졢ĦȻҲǶ֣
һ޼ʿ֮ϻеɾһΡΡ

һջצϷһ˺֣ƶ·֮лв˺ͻ̡
˺ϻ֮ʮɾͷʩչǿֲ
ܶƼٴνţžƬռÿһϸڡ
ʩչ߶鱦ʯռ򡢱ʯںϣʩչռɲȥ
ɱƬռ䣬ֱץŤٶȼһϡ

һЩͻһа׾޴ǴӾΧ档
ͻѪ
κһͻʮɾͷᣬһ𣬹ʵеɾ۷塣
£
ͻѪڷȥ֮󣬻ΪѪԷ޻ɱһ
ΧɱսʮɾͷҪڶʱ佫ɱϢᡣ
һͷ
ڴģһͷʬѪɫ࣬ɲǼ䣬žͷڿʼ
ݣ
ٽͻѪն飬ɱΧ
òʩչ֮ܣһԷǳ
ϴһ֮ôɾΧɱ㣡
ں뺮ţַǳ
ǲó֣Լ£ƼҲû㳲ЩͷһӦģɱ֮УȻܾ⡣

֮ϣʱٶȴﵽ۷壬Χɱսǲġ
ΧƲǱͻѪ赲Ǳһ˾ھͷϻ֮£˴ݡ
ӡ
磡
ĦƯţϹݵ˻ס
ƣѪ𣬰˰Ǿһɹǰռ޼ӳֶȥɼԵøΪѡ
常ˣĪٶϹڿռⵣĶ
ߣѹҾû£

ʩչ֮ܵ棬ͻȻһƬ֮ʣΧһϤ
ӷ֮һʱܵ˲䣬ǰΧ£˵ס˫š
ܲˣþ깦ҲҪɱ㣡ĦԪӰеЦ
ɱĦ죬ҪɱͷأҵĸҲҪһ˵
ԷԪִ뱨𣿹㲻֪һҾ͸㡣
Ħ졭
߶һΧ飬֮ﶯ䣬Χɱ
һƼһţҲǼ߲֮ӣͨӵܣһδŬΪִѧԺУһδγΪΪɫǸˣ
ЦǣΪŬˣܻһУ߲ѹңö߲ЩӸõֵֻܷѰԴΪʲôŬˣʲôûеõЩӸžܵõһУ
ҲԺҽطâݷڻˣǾδ峤ᣬи߲£ң֪ǵõ߲ΣΪ߲һش


1482 
Һԥ룬Ϊ˳Ϊ߲㣬ӶȥӴ㸸棬Ǹ治ҵĴڣһޱɢޣ巽½
ʶѶʱҾ͹ֶͨΣʶ㸸ףֵƣ
ֵܰ磬һҵˣʲô¶˵֮£εҶ֪
˵棬ҿɻ壬Ҳ常ĸĸΪɶӣ
ҵĺöӣΪõ㸸ĸΣǷӪʱ죬ҵø߲⣬㸸ҲҵֵܣһͬȥħΧɱ㸸ףݺ㸸ħˣ㸸ɱӣ
ħǱƼҽأЩĸҲո㣬Ȼиң
Ħ񷢿һ֮£һԪ洫
ЩͷƤ飬ŭա
棬㲻úЦ𣿡
ĦԪЦɶӰ˷Ц汻Һ߼޻ҲͰˣԶħ֮ҲˣĸҲۡ
ĸ׸ող㣬֪㸸Ϣһҹ׷ºĸ׽иңһħֹƼңû뷨ռ䣬ӡѪ
ĸ׾ͲˣħֽˣʱƼҸֱԩĸߣѹȥһΪż˵档
һԼһҲ飬Ϊһͷβķˣǰʹ࣬ҽ죬ձ̷
Цǣĥʱң޷ǣôչ㣬ҿֳȻҲúöԴӣ
ĸױ̷ܾĥͬʱҽѪӡ㳤󣬱סԼǧĸ׻ܾĥһܵ¼Ӱ죬ٸ߲㱻ȥȨ
ҡһ䣬Ϊ߲㣬ֹȥǧ꣬Ҳ¼ǧ꣬ԸΪϣΪ峤֮һ
ҴﵽĿ꣬һжллĸ棬ǸϹӣ֮ǰҲҳĸҲһ
ɱߵˣҳռ񣬲뵽㣬ȻҵĶӣ常ģȻܾɱ㣬ôҲ˶Ҫչ˺Ź£
ҲĽ糤ΪżѪĽ磬ҲֻƼӵ⣬ԶѪҲΪ
뵽һð취Ʒ磬ȥûʶѪҲԱҰţһһһӣҾԴ㣬뿪Ľ磬ǺӣԽǺԨããλǺ֮УҵƷ磡
ʱȥǱ½ΰ㣬ĸҰпĵһ¶Ұ⣬ǾһˣĸײңҲһҰⷢ㣡
棬Ĺ£Ҳĸ£㸸ĸ˶ô޹ϧһжҪ㣬Ϊ֣Ϊδһˣ
ĦһδγЦ
Ȼһջ棬ΪĦӰӣʱָҡͷöٸ߲㡢֧Ϊж㸸ĸһжԭ㲻ӦóĸĸΣԹңҲԹˣ
ۡ
Ҳ֪Σֳ̱Ĭģ
Ĭʲô
ֻ޷侲ȥ֮һѪҲ˲顣
ģ
֪ĸ֮£ţ˭޶ã
һһ̣޷һж飬Ҳ޷ƣͬش

ٷһ̶գס
ݶɱ
Ħ־Ϊһɢ
ɢ֮ʣϹֳһڵ˲ͻ̶
ˣ
Σ֮ʣԺ
Ϲѹ͵ֱࡣ
һâͻȻǰᣬΪñС
飡
Ԫ񷨱𵴣ּâɢǲһȻ顣
ˡ
黯Ϊһɢ䣬һԪâ֮ʣٴηߺ
Сӣ걾͸˵ģڣնݳǧꡭջֻΪĦӰЦ
ۣ
Ϊ棬ˣ
ͻǰʱͻȻֿץס
ơָѪ⽫ץӲǰһѪʱͣס
ƶѪѪ׹գҲմ˽
ˣ
Ҳŵ÷ɱڼ漰ʱƵֱͣ¡
Ұ˫ͫҲ޷
Ϲݣûһ˿ŭҪУҲ޺ˣ


1483 һǧ
һĮ¶ŮòϹݣۿҲס˸⣺ںңĸԸ
ץסлЩ£ʵʱκμǿù¶ڼţһ֮·ôµ㣬СҵŶһЩɫʡ
Ϊ컯ŪˣϹݲ԰ӣһεˮ
컯Ūˣûѡѡ㣬Ȼ·λ磬Ҳѡ㽣£
˵ˡ
ǰҲò˵Ҳܶ˳ƶɣҴˣܶ˵Ͳȥô·һ˵ﻰͲ˾ᣬͻѡ񣡡
硭ҡ
ϹҪ˵ʲôսѾ΢΢ɿ
ͻȻͫ׷ŴҲࡣ
ԪҲӺ󷽴ˣĦ
ۣ
ϧתʱüһѸײڶ֮ƣҺ󷽴
һЩĸоӡ˫ִ
Ѫ
ɴ˫ۣϹݱ̴ֺͻš
һˣҲ֮⣬Ħ챾֣˫ѹŽ
ؤĿ⣬Ϲ׺𣺡ˣΪǧ꣬㡢һΣͷɻɱ棬㾹Ȼ飡
Ħ졭
ͻȻס䡣
Ħɱ棬ȻֶΣһһû뷨ʶĹΪ㲻

ͻأȥһɫâڲһСʯ
νɱˣĦͻȻ˫һϡ
ΧʮɾͷһâĦ˫ַֿĳһ⣬оͷ֮С
ϧ
ǶɱСʮɾͷոɱͱСɱƽ棬û˿Ϣһƣ顣
á
ĦеɾͷɱĻɫơ
䣡
һưˣ
ɱĦƣš
ֻĦ챻ɣʮһʱ޷ӦĦײУҲһͬײɣѪ
ݶ
˲ȥɱĦ졣
潫Ϲ§뻳УϹݻ԰ףʶϢ絶ʡ
磬ҶԲ㣬֮ǰҲףԭ˻ӦøԼ־ȥҴС޹ʣ֮Ħ죬Ҳܻ
ҴӡСͱһΪͨʱʱ̿Уûйκ뷨ҲֻΪ˻Ŷš
ԡԲһףҲн졢ǡҲã磬ʵƷӣҲޱġʵڣ˼ǧΣвһЩĺĺ
ͣ
Ѫ˵꣬ͻҪ˵ʲô
˿ǵӿһɿ¾綾˲ϹƤΪڡ
þ綾
ͷѪǿѪ˿ڴϹݽڡ
ϹʶƤ˫ץס󣺡еģ⡢Ħ컨ƾ綾ûнҩ
ܣҵѪԽⶾ
ţ
Ͻ꾫Ѫ뽣ˡ
Ϣ֮Ϲݾ˯ˣΪڡ

桢ţֲһг
⣺ˣٱסԪǲܱסˣҲԱסһ˿ʶ
ҵѪȻûá
ͬĵͬʱ͵һ
ѪԻκξ綾ξȻûô
ɲͷͨԪԹķΪԪӡǿдϹüġ
ʱţַħɷ֮ץסħȦ˲õΧ˭ҿһɱɱɱ

磿
ʱԣֻϹҪ
ѪȻ޷˾綾ȻһǷϸϮ
ϹѶ
ҲΪ顣
ˡ˫˫ʧȥ
̣
ںعԪ񴩹ϹüģԼӡ
Ԫ
ԪһƬţû˿ƯŵͨԪʧ̿Ҫʧ
ʣһԪʶϲȥһƬԪΪһ״̬Ϲû
ſһͨԪֻʣ֮һϢһʶҲʧ
ʶɪɪ֮дſ־壬̺ΧϹʶŰƯڷӡ֮С
ݶݶݶ
ţ
˲ʹļףֻ뻽ϹݣƾκȻû˿Ӧ
߶ԼǿԪϹݲʶ뷨Ȼû˿仯
ռ綾綾޴ڣԪϢϢأ޷ɾ綾
ٻһʶ
ʧ֮дңɲ뿪Ԫ
ʶոմϹΧһпռʧ࣬Ƽʿڼ֮֡
ɲǲ桢ţһǰĦʮɾͷǱۼĦ죬춨㣡
ҹ㸸ĸ֮£̼㣬û뵽㻹ˣлɱ㣬ֻϧǸˡĦ춾ƺж֮ϹݣҲŹ


1484 ߲

ͷâڣΪһ˵ϹݣڣСȥƤ«ռ䡣
ţɱ
ֻͶȥһ֮ɫ
ħȦ
ţĦ죬Լʮͷ忪ʼɱɱħȦ
桢СǸƼκ˸ǰһɱ֮֮Ҳʩչ֮һȥ
峤ʱ˿̣ǵü֮ѹ棡
ԼͷǣͻȻΧͷ
˼ϢȻ棬뵱¼йأƴҲƺϵ֮йأ治ɱֻѹ

õɣ˴ʮɾͷһϡ
˽κƼɱ⣬ಭ׽
ʮӭģȴǻΪСкû˿ǿϢ棬һâ
âգͬѣֻΪƣһɱʮɾͷ

ʮͷȻ֪ʵǿִ߶ͨһ޴ͻͨͻʳ
ɽ
Ҳ˲Ϣɱɽһâ潣ͻ顣
䣡
󷽣
ħȦܣױڰɱĦʮǿߣκιƶ޷סħȦ
Ħ죬أû˾ȵ㣡
һӰƿգĦ˺ɱ
棡
ҶԸ棡ĦһӣصĵɾͷĦ档
նѹǰգ
Ħ졭
ٶȼӿ죬һ䡣

һ΢СӰӰһֻɱߴ֡
ռ䴩󣡡
ҲɲǼ䣬߶ûռ䲻ˡ
䣡
ĦΪߴ֣֮뽫ɱʧЩ⡣
Сδ޴󻯣ֻǻΪ߶ߣٶȱ滹ˡ
ߴûѰټСѸײڶ֮һ
䣡
ռһըֹûռ䣬ȫһʯ壬ѡ
ۣ
ƿи֣Ħڣٴα𷭣ÿ϶Ѫѣͷɢиַ緶
ͬһսӱ
ݣ
С֮У챦˱ΪҪһ㣬Դ߶
ɱһⷲҲ޵еġ
һӰ˺һ̤
һһֱնͷ­벱ӷ롣
ǿͷѪǰɡ
ӿ죬ӱΪϤľͷ
Ѫɣץɱ¸ߺСģں󷽣

оͷش֮£޷ʱ棬ֻͷŵ
ǻ᣿ҪɱˣǶ˭ãҪĦ죬ؼǻΪУ
ۣ
ǻʮɣ
գۼ䣬Ծڼ˺󷽡
ոմ߶ѿŽӺɱΪ˿ռΪЩžͷݺռҲû㲻

Ħ⣬ͷϡﻩɢ
ɱҴϣ
ƼһٶɾͷҲ˲ʲôΨһľӪĦ졣
һϣ˾˻ɱƼҽһγش
ҡ
ͷɱʣĦ죬žͷնɱڻˣСƻԴһ״̬
Ļܴ߷
һĹ֮ƿնĦǰĦ֪Ϊûɱ㣿
ĦĻһϼƣ
˰ҲҪѪ棺еɱңƼҲŹ㣡
ɱ㣿ʱϹ½ԸңҲͶһ־Ӧö֪һЩ
Ҳ֪΢ЦҪʲô
ͻȻһץ֮ǰɱͷʬ塢⣬׷ױĦǰ
ֻҪҵˣҲգҲգҶνΪҶԴϰ룬һĹͨԪ񡭡
Ư桢ĦϷ
ͻȻһɿŻΪһѪУѪ⡢ʬС
ĪҪģҪɱ㣬ڣ
Ѫħϰٵɱ˿̣ţִ߶ħȦֹȥ
ûܾ㣬첻ܣƼҲܣףţִӰ۷صߡ
ҵС֪߲£СһһĨ⣬һٶɡ
Ƽһ̣

һٶɣն
Ҫ֣û뵽һƾշŴߣŴ󲽷һ̤
һȦɱһ籩
ɱһٶɣ˴߶ƣոɱǹû뵽һٶǿߺϻ֮ǹ顣
һٶͷҲˣܣȻǺϻ֮ҲǾ֡
ɿţ


1485 °
ţͻȻһħȦȻӽĦ첱סоţͯһȦӡ
ֻŰȻ֮ɫһɨһٶͷ죬Ƽ˶ã̤벽ҽƼ壬ʲôƼңӽ쿪ʼĽʧ
˻һ׷ڣƼľͷˣǿֲ
һ֮ȻܺƼңһٶͷϻ֮
ֻһȭɱʮȭܻɱһٶƼҵɣ
һЩͷȻҪɱȥ춼ڳĬ
ë󻢣֮ŭƼǣСԩΪβȻ۸ףһڹάƼңʵŤСҪƼңǲֵģΪУҲƼˣһ˻ţƼ˶ˣҶԣƼһƼңһҲԴһ壡
⡭
˵ˣ
Ϊ棬ΪƼЩǿߣ
ĸȻɻ
ֵ֮ǰƼңСӺǲǾͿԱⳡ־磿ƼΪԼǴ壬ֻڷˣȥټɽ磬ƼʲôֻҪһܽɽΪƽأƼҸ߲㶼дΪӻߣٶǷϻһ䣬Сӿɲģеȷпɱÿ˵


žƼأ˿¶𵴡
ǱСһٶɣĸ巢飬һʱ޷
СǿѳƼһͷ֮
Ҳٴܵش֮ǰƣѪٻָһЩҲ޷ʱָ
Ĭˣ
Ը桢˴һ־ͷһҲͣ¹ƣձƵ뼫پͷòʱˡ
ǰƼұӻߣ˴٣峤ģûִ֣İţ
Ƽ˶Ĭһס
ӦƼЩ£һЩ峤֮УҲ;峤Ŷ
ҵǲ⣬Ƕɱ
Ȼ
ƼҸ֣졢֣ȴţѹĦ죬ȻŰ˷С䡣
ս
ˡպӣɼ˲ᣬֱͨһϹžˣ˵ģƼˣ˭ֹΪĸТһˣɱһˣǧˣնǧˣƼֹңұƼңΪƽأ
Ħ졭
мƼˡ
תѱħȦסӵĦ죬ЦħȦɱܱһ˺
żڻɱ㣡
ʵһƣĦ
ܣ
ڻܻɱĦ죡
ˣ
ֽĸɺǵͷţâ֮оƯš
ܶƼҸ߲ǣΪţ֪ӿһϢѹø߲Ǻѡ
£Ħȡ
һСӹ£û뵽Ħ컹ҷ
ֻײһ죬Ħ쵥£ţһŴһ˫ȹۡ
򶼲С
һϣϣ緸ˣ˴˫ȣƵ¹
Ƽи߲㣬ǼģҲʱͷ
Ĳңҹ
˲Ҳͨһ£򺡹ǿͷĸףТܼ㾡ТҲ㰲Ϣ쵱ƼңһҪһĸĿ
˱ŭһźǿͷֻܴͷ
俴򣺡Ħ죬ǧǰ峤֮λУõλϣΪλҲУ⿿Ҹĸݺǣ󺦵ҼЩɳϣ
Ħ첻ɫҡͷûĪԩǧǰֻһͨ˰ˣ
ô˵֮£޹أһͨˣΪνҴĽ磬ϧǺλƷ磿
л˵ҷȥѰ䣬һѰ㣬ɴħǿнȳؼ壬ɿϾ븸ǽֵܣ常ȻҪƽĸ׵ҲҪҸһƽΪҲˣλ磡
ſڴƻƣûдңˣ㵹һ֮
˵ʵȥ飬ǧˣʱΪ㣬ҲϧѪӡѪӡ֮г˯ǧ꣬ȥ⿪ӡͨһҷѾ˼ȥ㣬άĸĸͷҷˣ
ݼһĦ죬ǧȥˣ¼ټ٣ûм֪࣬ȫκνΣ⣬Ҳûˮʯ
ȥ飬ȥ飬Ƽң˶㣬Ҳϣӡֵװף
ô˵㵱ʲô֪飿
ЩǴһӶ˵õڶ֪ĸ׺ǣҲҵõĺǣܲ˵ӣţ㺢泤ˣ±⣬Ҳʲô

Ħ컹ʬǣؿͷ


1486 ӴĦ
һʥˣܵίӡ
ͻأЦʱվĦ죬治ǧ꣬ˣɫɫʿУˣҲɴûˣ޳ܣ˽թ˳Ǹ
Ħ̾ϢΡεûûˣ˵ʵҲǻ˰
ΪҾûа취㿪ڣףҸĸھȪ֮Ŀ
棬ԩˣҲ㸸ĸǲ˺޹أӦȥϸϸ飬ƼˣҲ㣬Ҳͬ㣬Ƽһˡ
Ħ죬Ҷʧһϣ۷ͷһţ磡
ҡҡͷȻ䣬޶ɫΪû취
תƼˣҲף棬ɡӣλƷ糤ΪѰѡĸҲϧǺӣĽ磬ƼƬɱˣҲÿ˶ңҾνҲȥң࣬بţ಻𣡡
ҲΪʧȥĵáֵָװףʱĦ컹һ޹ģ
Ħ죬㵱Ϊ㲻˵û֪شˣ
޹أҲ֪࣡
ãҾ͸࣬Ӵ䣬Ħ죬ȻһҪ֪꾿˭ǱΪ飬Ҽ
ž
һŭץĦͷ­
ĦһѪɱңҲ޼£û
˵һ֣˭˵Ҫɱ㣿
һɲǰĦȫ
桢ţΧ
Ħʵڴ߶ԪɱĦԪûԪ
棬ɱң˶޹ģˣƼҲᵱǵˣ
û뵽ɱԪĦͨԪ񣬾˻ߣš
Сǧ
ĦƮȥ
ĦԼǿͨԪǲ£Ҳһ˼ǸҲԸ

ϢĦͨԪ񣬵ǱյĦͨԪӡ顣
⡢ǺεΪ޷ʶԭĦǿԼԦͨԪ񣬷Ԫ
ءͨͨԪһԪϵ޷ԼԪ
ͨԪһץƬԪԪɡ
ֻͨԪ
ĦʶģͨԪһʧ飬ںˣɱɱңԸ˵
˵
߶СǧԪһơĦͨԪ
ɶ񡭡
Ħ죬һ
ߣ
ʶһץ
ĦͨԪ뿪غ󣬷
ʶ뱾ںϣ浱ƼˣĦͨԪץ˳ĦʶѱĨɱӴĦ죬ͨԪֻƿûǿжļ䣬ʱƼ˾һļ䣬ǲ˵޹ϵ
ĦͨԪȷû˿ʶһӰ
עһĦͨԪӿһƬԪ֮𽥳ɽƼˣȻƼǧһ־ͷΧ
ԼĪ㣡
ĦͨԪͷǹΪʮԪƬ򾭹ᣬȻֳɽ
Ƽ˿Ԫ֮гھҲû˻ɣΪǿľɽǵļңѵԼʶ
ɻҲʧĦԪ䣬̫ʵǧǰƼء
Ҫ֪ǧǰ滹Ǹӣλ糤֪ǧǰƼҡ
ģԪ֮гһЩˣһ
ڳһλߣԼʮʿƼˡ
ǡǲһ𣿡
мˣǷǼߣ
û뵽֮гֵƼҲٸ߲㣬ŵɫ
濴֮Ҳһɨƾĸףˣ
Ԫ֮УһŮҲʱϣ߼ߣһߵĸ
һĻĻãƼ˿Ķʵ
Ȼˣ˶棬ΪܼһϣĦͨԪǺȻתûܵκطٿء
ΧƼҳȿˣĦͨԪżͷţҲɢ뿴ڶǲܵģ
һ̣Ǵɣи޼쾳컯ƼʿͷʶҲ롣
Ŀ£ͨԪ仭֮УܿĦ졣
ʱĦŶʮͷѾ޼ΪõһټԭĦⷽӪǷΪС
ĦӦˣ¿ͷȥ֮һ̾Ϣ˵ԼᣬԳΪƼҸ߲㡣
һĻĻƼ˺ʶĦ죬еĴϣԭҲһһ׷ˣֶε


1487 
ˣ
һƼ˼Ħ죬ȥһܵȥĴϣ
ˣ
һ̣Ҳң֪Ǻ顣
Ϊ˵ǣĦˣҪԸԼ档
ʱɣδ峤֮䡣
ȻˣĦ찵кҸĸɱһΣſԪ棬ȫ
ĦϹϵ˸ףô£ȻҲйϵ
ʱƼҲһĻš
Ҳ˶ˣΪɫѿ
仭֮УĦãĦıȥӽ棬ӽɣͶǡ
ıöƻ֮һϾԸĦ³ŵɹδƼҴϾĦġ
ֻǿԪһĻ䣬ѲףٸĿ⿴ˣ󲿷ָ߲㣬
Ħ仭ڱ仯һյĦ첻Ԯ֣˵ʱͳΪѡ
ס
滹ǵһμ棬֮е棬Ӣ¶ϲһ˶Ľ磬緢̽ģôң
Ħֽţ澭Σգݡ
֮оʮĦҲõΣ˴飬ĦҲΪȥæµ
Ȼһжıˣɻ棬ĦͿʼչжħֺǳ䲻͵Ϯ档
֮УǱĦԴӱһ̴࣬ʬ廹ĦճɹǻңƮ֮С
Ħɱ˻û֣αװģĵħɱ˲ѧԺԼӡ
һʱȥɽƼҸ˵
仭֮УҲˣҲʹ֮Ϊ׵Ƽˣһϣ£ǽɹ̷
Ħִħ֣ǱƼңɿ
ƼҸֽ߲ɼͽ䣬ȥ֮λκεθ߲֮ˣԸϳɽ
һûˣ
ٴαʱĦ棬˾ȻҩĦ취¶ҩ
Ħȥ̷˺ôģ˲ܳħ֣¶ҩ
֨
һĻȫĦñը
ҲƼ˷꣬ԭࡣ
»Ħһδ˼棬ȳΪϣĦҲǧΪϣҲ֮ǰǰ𺳡

и滹ŭգ˾ҪĦԻǺͯ棬նݳ
ĦȴǱ棬Ħ棬ȥҪЮǯˡ
ϾֻĦ֪Ҳȥģδһ죬ƾΪ峤ҪɱڣĦٻһŵơ
Ħ첻ɱԭΪ˱棬ȴΪδһ죬ҪЮˡ
Ħ䣬ص뿪Ľ磬ľѪǺӣããλǺҵƷ磬뿪Ʒ磬ϹݰǱƷ磬ȥʶһһ
Ħ֮Уļ䲻ҪˣҪĦ֣ɡ
һ־ǵƼϣıɡ
Ϊ峤֮λΪȨǷѾ˼þֶΣкһˣĺɥ
ƼȻĬȴԶԶİˣˡ
˾ľͷһһ߼ߣҲޱȡ
ƾ棬ƺ֪Լ峤ˣĸˣ񱰱ֶλġ
Ƽڲ£ʣƼͬ˽ɱԶҲƼ׳Ҳ֪Ƽ۷壬Ǻεȸ߶ȣΪʧΪʧģӦЩţһΪƼδƴһ棡
˵ˣë󻢣ȻתԾ
ˣʵˣ¹ȥǧ꣬࣬Ħֲˣ㡭
⡢𺳵ؿȥ
оƼҵʧ
ͻȻͷˣӽ쿪ʼ㲻ǴϣǼˣΪϹŶҲ£̷쿪ʼЩˣκȥǴ¼йصˣҹ̷뿪һ½峤λҲȥ
ǣ
һЩͷ

ͻȻͷŰƣĦ죬ǺҸĸ֣ڲ˾ҪɱˣΪҸĸ𡣡
Ƽٴһ
Ľͣ棬ףһһ˹̷ЧȣǸã
ò˲ѪծҪѪһŮˣѵûпҸףҵĸβģƼҲˣֻƼң֮ǰǲĦ죬ɱˣʱˣҾͻƼң
棬̫ɼͽ䣬θɣΪǣƾȻη棬ΪһԾ


1488 ԾĻ
ĸЩͷվƾ澹Ȼˡ
˼
ǵһʶƾ棬Ȼ竣ǸТӣƾ棬֪㲻̣˲ɱˣ֮ǰжĺǰײУǲҲӦöһնݳһɱ
ҳǿ󣬵ףܽ㣡ʱƾ汬ױȵ
ž
û뵽
ͻȻӱ֣һƽƾιȥ
Ƽٴδˡ
˲԰׵ĵ棬֪Ħ쵱ûɱ㣬Ҳ֪Ļ̥ϧһж֮УͷǰСУ
ҲţȥĦɣ
и󣬱ɱҶ
Ϊɱôˣϲɱ𣿴ͷβǱƵҲòɱ˰ˣ
á
ۣ
ΪһĻ֣ͻȻ˫ֳԼһƣ˲ѪʼΪѪˮ
Ծ
һϣ˸ɴѡԾ
˲ѪƼ˶¶ֿϧϿƼ϶
ϧ³
Ҳ
ĦԿأУܣܣһ˰ͨԪƿ³
ˣͽԼһȵĴڣܸԸԼ꣬˰ڲ
οʵҲĦǰǿ󣬲һ³УԼ˽
ŮˡǿʤҲˣϧˣĦһ³
濴ǶѪʬ壬ЩԹ
Ƽ˸ңڴ֮ǰǶԼĽǿĴڣƼҲƮҡһ졣
ˣȥȥͻأƼ
ƺĦīȷ
ȥʬ壬ʣһѪǡ
ҲĦʬģ滹Ҫҡ
ƼңѪծһ壬Ҳ׷ֻҪĦ졢ΪҸĸҪΪǱ𡭡
һ䣬ҲƼյضȥ
Ƽ˴񷣬ֿĿأʼû뿪벽
ƼҸҲƬյء
һᣬʹһŮӴƼҷ

Ů䣬ͷţīȾȳ

źţֵӭ䣬ǳ
Ҳ޳ˣҲ֪ɡ£֪
ĦģԭҪԸ棬ϵδһ죬Ľ硣
ֻĦû뵽̫죬û׼ãʵվȡ
꺮ů֮ԭʼӦپ޻ϢƳһʮ𣬶мţʵ
пƵǿ
Ӧ޻Ϣû˿İһ޷ںϢ
Ħ䣬ܿѰһС
СܻɽлһЩ®¥ԭƼһЩͷ֮أסȨգЩͷԻصƼء
ɨһúϢĦ첢δ¶֪ĦþòŻعҲмʧ䡣
źϹݡ
ԭϹݽߣҪúöԴɱĦϹֻܽӡʥ̳
ˣϹȻϤϣĽ磬䱻īȣϹҲǾȥ
֪Ϲ³ʹļףҲͽϹԼŮԴ
γǳѹ֮У
ʬƽָһЩλԴ濪ʼСչС
ʩչѪɫ࣬Ħüͷʬ壬ѪգѪ
ֽѪ뵤ҩ̷ȥ佥ںƼѪһ죬ҲӵѪδҲΪͷ
ʱʱָ̻̿ţΪѪǿ߹ʱʱ̴̿ڷ֮С
ʵҲдλԴ̷
״ָ̬һЩСѰһأǴʯգһ˺ܿ쿪һĹء
ĸɺǣ߼ʯճһףţԼһͷںԱߡ
£ھס
õ֮УοЦݣĸףҲһԵϢɣһжѻ⣬ϣĸӡиԵ֣
þʯգ֮£ܿճҺ
ҺĹ֮У˿߽֯γ
мǸ棬ĸɣҲԼ
ŵʱһ޷ԲӽԺһԶŽص꽫õϢ
ûĸסףǵգǴһǿ߼֮Уǿо
ľЩﻹڣԺԶ㣬±ӣĸ㣡
Ҳ֪ʲôʱԱߣӣžþùûбĵķĹǰ


1489 
ʱ󣬵ָȥ
ˡ
һƬѪɫӡϹʬ壡
ھ֮УָҲѪΪϹʬ彽࣬޷Ͼ綾⡣
Ħ䣬־綾ʮ֣Ľ綾ƶɣеϹŶ
Ħŵɱﵣûýҩ붾ɱǿߣɶǰƷ磬ѪԿκξ綾ֽǹʯ
λʿȥλ磬ӵѪУܿƷ־綾Ȼλ磬ҾͲ⣬ѪҲ޷綾
ҪΪϹٻֻǿԼΪ˲ʵСǧһ˿˿ʶʶֻҪΪϹٻָܽ
ɽ磬ҵȥɽ磬ΪˣҲܾȻϹ٣ڴ֮ǰһȥһֽ磡
ϹһԶ㣬ɵΪңҲ㲻㣬һҪң
շѪϴ綾
ΪñϹݣú츳ΪһƬΪڵϹݱ⡣
ڱ֮У¾綾ޣªУΪķ羰
ʿΪţҲΪ׶š
Ƥ«ɱ䣬ֻҪɺڣϹݾԶš
ػ
ɲԴǿ߾ʵѻָʼ޼۷壬ΪͻƵɾ׼š
Ҳڳʱ䣬оƼѪ֮УƼҶ֪Ĵڡ
ɫ
һץâӡ֮УƯ
鿴ͻͼڣ֮дϢһۣ·һڶ֮С
Ҳ֪ʲôʴɣθҲ޷ܣԪ鿴Ҳ޷С
ϧΪң飬ڣ˵кܴ
Ȼʲô
ԭ
Ԫ󣬱Ԫ񣬵ֻͬ۾
һֻ۾ȻӦ
пյĻһҪһƼңȥһʣǿ϶֪ʯܡ
ŻͷԪϢ޷Ȼһ֮ǰҵõΪƣ
һץںϵɫץ˳
ɫɫһȣСȻƣɫ֮УҲ͸΢΢ͼڡ
ֻǱȽϿϧɫģڲȻʧ٣ƷҲĥ
ٿɫģ涼Խɫ
ɫڣӵз۷ʵȻ޷˵ɽ֮
ˡ
ڵزѪѪͻȻͷŻ档
汾ܵؿСգ氵иӦ
һϤԶ꣬û뵽Ѫѵ̶ȣδͱӦ

΢΢ɿԭ
һ죬Ӹֳͷë󻢣ͷ֮ǰƼǰͻ

ͻʾ⣺ǰ㱾Ϊβʶͻ뻹籾
ΪСӣ˭һͻԹ˵
Ϊң
ڽ֮УѪش飬ǿҵֵ꣬ɵķӡһӡػһ÷ӡջһϢѪƼҺУһ޸
ԭˣãҲ㣡
ǲǵ
һڣ㽫ֱͶнɫ
˳Ŀٴл־ץǰѸӦ
̾ʯϢݣҶԸӦѪݣ
ʱ棬ʯŲ
򵥣ǳںϣڻ޷ԼԼãܵõҵõɱ䣡
ҽΪ뻢ΪϵƼңҵδȥ
Ҫ
û뵽һˣȻǿ󣬵оҲһʡ
ƼˣһѪƼʿʿǿָʵԳԽʮȣټǧ֮УȻҲиѪߣƼ߻Ѫ֮УΪǿĴ֮һ
ʵλѪһ̣Ѫж棬ߵ죬ѪҲҪԭ֮һ޼Ħ죬ҲѪӵгǰƼǻ壬⻢źεţ
ҪƼݷ꣬ȴ꣬ڵȴѣʵڵ㣡
ң
ף
ѪʯһĪܣ
浹һںȴ߶־Ϊ¯дﵽһѭ״̬
ȻڵϣʼհףͶĿ⣬ٴο򻢷ô˵ã˵ƼһԵ֣
ϴ
Ӧò֪ʴ˵
ʣ治֪˭


1490 ʴ˵
ڷǳԶʱڣԶ̫š֮ǰʱСǰޡаħʱħ£ΪСģΪޡаħħʳ
಻ǿ𣿡
ʱ̫С书Ҳ޵ôͨǼҲ޷ıƬǺӣΪС壬֮гλǿߣʣǿаħޣħܺ
֪ħε֮ܳΪħȻǿڣ˲ãʾ˭
졢ءλߣ֮Ϊ˻ʡۡ
˻ʣ

ۣ
˵꣬˫ͫǾҲǺ֮д𺳡
ʱ֮У඼ǻδа磬ߴ壬Ͽģ򿪻磬ΪཨһǺ磬ԷܣִнഫŲǿ󡣡
ʻ壬о޻壬߸ȥһƬ磬Ҳʶȥһ۳Ϊػߡ
ף壬Ҳûʵǰ㣬ȨǸɣ֮УϵѺãͳһЩ壬õۺУΪһͬ壬ۡ
Ƿǳһ壬ǰ۴طУӵ塢شڣҲΪ½ʱȥЩδ֪磬ۣɱаħΪΪǿսҵˣϵ֮һ
˵꣬һָлƣҲһں϶ɵʱϵǳѺãǳ֮ǿħɵĴڣϧȥ֪٣ˣ塢ϵѣս̫࣬Ҳû䣬Ӵ̳
ԭƼϵ
ˣ𺳣ԼԶź棬滹ɻ󣺡𣿡
֪ʿٻ磬磬ħ翵Ĵڣû֪ȥСӣлǿߣѪƶɣں϶ã֮ÿһôһ飬֮ǰҴ½磬Ƽ֮һˣܵõҾҵƼңƼʷǳʺϡ

ûںϣѪԽǿ󣬵ĳһ죬޻һںϣӵ伫˵֣
Ħְ˰ģ
ĦСǿϧʺ㻹̫ԶԼ޻ɹϧѪ̫ͼ޻֮ʵҲûһ޵ü¾ӵѪʱһͷԾ޴󻯣ϧжǿҲΪ֮ǰƶɵһܡ
ǰǿܣ
𣿡
վһ档
ǰʱ𣬹ȻûѪϢһɫʡ
ֵǿܡܲͬж˼ά
ΪںһЩѪһͻʬ壬ƶɣҲʣ֮Ĵڣ壬Զⲻһܡ
ο
ںϣѪͷųѪȵѪΪѪʱ㣬ѪѣȻ¾ѣ㻹ǳɲҪõУ
ѣ
Ȼˣһֵɣں޿Ǳκ嶼ǿĴڣҲ޶֡
һһͷˮں
֪ΪסֿܵѪأ
Īǡǰںϻ취
ȻУƶɣȻںϷӽңһҲԤ˵õҲ޷ΪҪںϣͨҷͷ
ԭˣƼҾᣬ˲
ˣƼ棬ɲ
ǰǿڿᵽƼ棿
˲ʱҴŻ磬ѰҴˣҲŷƼʽΪڣŰнӴƼҵʱЩѪƼųΪߡ
˼ǣκ˶ԳΪ
ǵȻΪ塢ں϶ɣÿ˶пܳΪҪ־ᶨ֮ˣſѪ
ˣ
ãʱ˿̣˽л
ҲŪƼѪ
涢棺ΪҸоڣһضϤϢ
ϤϢ
ϤϢ
Ѫ
Ҳܾ㵣֮࣬ŻҲһͷˮ
ͻȻ۾һץһɫ


1491 峤ҲҪ
⡢ǡɫһ֣տŽɫȥ

ѵɫҲ绢һǴ
ţһ鿴䱦С̫ˣȻֵõһ
Ҳ֪;òϽ֮ЩҲһֱںϣڶһЩɫѪѪԽѪ֮УɫѪͷų
¶𺳣Ӷ춯ˣ̾С̫ˣõһ崫Уõ崫УһһǿޣΪǿĴڣֲþϢϤԭǵõ
Ҳ绢һƣ
ǰƣϧˣǰ֮һǿ󣬻滹һѪȻһˣںϽѪ֮Уͬʱӵл塢Ѫˣǰ˵ֻһѪܼѪ
ǰ㶼޷Ūףǲ֪ˣ
ѴֻһѪ޷ͬʱѪ
ԼӵѪ
ᣬֲ棺ɣ̫ˣúȻںϣԺҲҪ취õѪδȥ۷壬ڴӵѪ㣬жǿ󣡡
ҿɲʲôɣպ÷浭Ӧһ䡣
꣬ǸͷǰҲСӣϸƤģʲô
ǰ;⻢ںϣӵл
ôżʲôûһΪ޷ԦѪ޷ܻὫ飡
д鷳Ҫ
㻹д鷳ñƭͼ뿪ɲУò׵ôһ񣬲˿⣬ʵڷ޵У㻹д鷳ñ𣿡
Ǵ鷳
˵ˣȻȥѪصãˣҲȸ֣Ҫȡػ
ʱͻȻһͬʱա
ܿһƬƷԭƼ峤졣
죬ţԼʮ߲㡣
ءƼһû֪ҵı𣡡Щ˻һ룬ȻһĻһ˿ټ
Ϣ
ضס
Ҳϸϸ棬֪Ϊ
ȻͶȥһĿ⣺ôжǿ󣡡
Ŷȴ쵱ںǳ⡣
峤£¾Ϳ˵浹ûһףȷҪϧʱ䡣
ʱѲʮˣ뵱ʱйأͳͳ̷ɡһף
΢΢üȷĦ졢˲һ·ˣͷѽĸװԺĪϢǰЩԹԹҲټƽϣ鳾ɣҲ뿪
뿪ھͷһ
Ǻǣ˱飬Ȼ䣬΢΢ĪЩ˲ΪΪģ
켱æǰ棬ò״λңԺбǣǸ߲Ҳȥƾ洫ݣ֮󣬽峤֮λ㣡
峤֮λҪ峤֮λʲô
ǧ峤֮λҪģ㣬֮󣬼彫Ľ˷μʢᣬƼ̳峤δƼһܸһ߶ȡ
ԭΪ
ΪֺܷɣˣǻҪ峤֮λԼ
峤֮λ㶼ϣ㻹Ҫʲô˶ܲ죬Ȼ峤֮λ
ΨŸ׿˵ɡ
治ΪȻͻȻеʶ峤֮λʲôȨҪЩʲôֻҴפ㲻ǰҪʲôȻʵƾ浹ĲҿŸԳƾһȫΪδ峤
ҲҪ峤֮λھﵽɾ׼۷壬ɽٷҪɣŵҡҡͷ
ҲԸ⵱峤
ˣ
űȭ㵹˼ţȷţ˲ѡ񣬵飬ﵽ۷壬ͬŬƽٷȥֻĥģ
ֿĴЦݣҲôȥôڼ壬ǼҪôҶ֪޵Ѫ½ͽһѪԽȸ߶ȣ
԰ȥ忴ҲãͷҲ
ҲȭҲ׼öɽ٣Ҷɽ֮뿪Ҳ
ʲôʱɽ٣
ʮ󣡡
УҾʮ꣬ʮ㲻ɽ٣Ҿֱȥ
һΪ
λ˵һμ棬ǱΧͷ˵
졢ŸӵȥƼҿԸı䡣
֮ǰΪĦ졢ˣƼû˿øУû뵽ƼҲûᵽ֮£Ҫ̳峤֮λ
ʮꡭҲգҪȥֽ磬ħۡСʱһս


1492 Ѱ
ʹƼңû޼ͻƵɾӵеɾһ䣬ڷ磬ǵ޵УԸҲף
ʱҾͿֱӴС׷ɱɽ磬ʱҲҪ鷳⿪֮أ
˼Ƭ̣Ȼص֮УΧɣɽʯסƤ«ʯںϡ
Ǻ֮Уʯųӣǳ
Ľ⣡
ԶһǺӷ籩Ŵʯ
ֻһը죬һɫӰٶȳɽһЩʯײ飬ɣĽȥ
ɫâ֮һֻ
ɿ
ѷ籩֮ͷһƬâһ
ſ˫¶סĽ磺Ȼ棬㻹ȥȥҧһڣھӵҵϢȥɽ磬ҳҲܽڳ
ˣ
գ³һϢ
һʱ
Ƭ籩һƬը졣
ͷųҫâֻƸ븵ͷͷâǺӡ
â󷽻ʮˣƷԾŴ֮а䣬ߡҢ̩Լһͷ
⡢λǺӣ
ӦǰɣϢ⣬޷ᣬųλӦλ磡
ˡ
ʮ𷲽ͷƬǺӣÿ˶ǲġ
ֶλ޷棬ܿͼԶĽ硣
ȴɿϣɿָĽ磺ϢǴ磬ӦþĽ磡
ƸмЦˣһﻹȻλǣǺǣΪλܶ㿪ǣ֪λ磬УҲֻ½һɰ
ӽƻ쳣ҪԴĪȥӶԴףһͬĽȥ

ɽ
С֮Уڴ֮
ɣˣһɫӰӣȻӺڰжһɶ೤Ļɫʯ

漱æͿӭ󷨣鷳ǰںϻ취
ҡҡͷЩˣ˵˲ż㻹ҪѪѪԽǴںϻ֮Խɣ
׼ˣ
ɣ׼ˣֲ˵㣬ǱһҲ˲
ոҪ˵ʲôʱͻȻһĨ⡣
Ŷһѣ濴ס
ͻȻת߿գʮϢ֮źһĽ⣬ƿն½֮У͸ض
Ǻ֮⣬ֱӴ͸Ľ磿㵣εʵ
ñٸӦһܿܲˮʯͫĿһ˿˿仯
һϢ
룬˵ϵԺͻȻּӰӣɵȫë׶Ǻͷţǰ֪˭ˣҵĴ鷳ˣ
ʱҲøӦʲô˷֣˵꣬һ̾Ϊβ˵Ĵ鷳һֻޣԼˣ
ǰҪ˵ûл˵ɵöʵͶء
Сţƣǵˣ½ɲףˣ½ҲܵǺӰ죬Ī͸¶вѪǷ֣ǰӶѪ
Ѫ̫
ѪϱأߣʵҼ֮ǱݺҪѪЩ֪ѪŹ㣡
ǲΪѪΪһΪɽɱ
ȻΪѪһ㡣
ǰһ̻գһ²ؼţȴ΢΢һţϤϤ
֮½ΪɱƷб½磬պǱҵõ׷ɱ
已̥Ȼ˶֣ɣһʱ֮ӳĽ磬ʱ޷κ㣡
֮ǰ뿪Ľ硭
ͻأһֹ˵ȥãֻɿֱĴ½ĪֻɿѸӦϢ
ɿĪֻɫ󣿡ˣֻɫ󣬿ǽҧˡ
ֻһСڣȡ
ȷһֻɫɿ󣬵ϡ⣬ҿںΣգߣֻɿҲᷢ㣡
ֻȷ뷲磬˻͵ңһҵˣɱ֮ӱɿӦ
ٵȥ
Ԫ׼ã
ǾȣûϵҪߣʵû취ֻܵ˼ɱɽ
һ˶֣һֱû
ֿС峤׾ûѪԵϵӦòΪ˵Ƽң˵뿪
ģһȷ䰲ȫˣƼˣʮƼ峤Ӧ
һǰ
ò¹Ǳ֪Ҳ˵
ϧż棬˼ֲ꣬òֿ


1493 ֽ
ֱȥֽ磬ϽҵСһȥɽ磡
С⣡
ûվͷţֻΪģһգˣܸܵϢϱƽĴ½

һͷͷë󻢺Ȼֳ֡
ٶȸ죬Ӿ޻Ϸܶףڣһ뿪Ľ磡
ץץţǰһ뿪Ľ磿
ˣǻػߣûлҾͲڣҲ޷򿪣˭õҾ͵ȷ˵õѪΪֹҲᱣ㣡
ٺ٣Ͳˣ
һư
ִˣܲҪ
ſ죬һ磬û뵽ɷƣȫƬռƿأ˲佫븹С
գգۣѲ֡
һʯ֮УʯԻɫΪڲʲôҲûУʯҲûһţо˿Ϣ·ɱ֮ڲռ䡣
ﻹɣ
ˣ
ʯǰʯǽȻΪһС
СԼգЩµĻë󻢡
ǣҲչһ꣬Ҫˣ²úУδͻƷȥɽ磬ҵһ壬ҲɱΪޣ
أ
ʮë󻢹ʹ࣬һȺӡ
ⳡҲܴ
Щͨ׻һѪܴͨﵽһ߶ȣϧˣԺֻܿԼ
޴ڡ
ͨʯǽ˷뿪СںͱִƼƬգ뼸ĬĬ
գٶȱȷɽһϢԶɽ
ԼʮϢ
ѷĴ½ǱƷ綫ʤݻ޴ʮĴ½
𽥷񷣬ǿڱУʱƿȻУûзֱ𣡡
ȻΧʱλԴԴӿ
棡
һ㣬ͱȻƤ«
Ƥ«ɱڲռ֮ɻƤ«ڲռ䣬һ磬޷ϵ˵ڿռȻϢ
ȴԣû˿ͬ
һֻɿ󣬴ʮʿĽ磬СӣҪȥηд㣿
ȥֽ磬ҪȥһλŮӣҵ֮һȥɽ磡
㻹ͦ飬ʱŮˣҪȥɽɲףΪδﵽ޷ɽ٣ֻжɽ֮󣬳Ϊˣܷɽ磬Աﵹǲúܶɽٷ㲻У
𣿡
Ϊȥɽ粻ѣ
˭֪ҪɽٷﵽǸ磬ȥɽ硣
Ǻã
´޾ԣֻҪ㹻ʵȻɽ磬ԿʵǺԨһԨ̤ɽ磬ʵһЩֻҪз۷ǿԳ취ҲΪΣյķӣ
ȥֽɣ
ܿ񷣬ԽĽ羧ڣ뿪ϢĽããǺӡ
ԭֽ֪λãĽʵǿ߶ֽ֪Ĵڣλ緲粻ͬλ磬Ǻʯ籩٣ǿ߿ȥԶǿ̽λ硣
壬Ǻ֮շУоһʯԶĽ硣
Ϊδﵽ޼۷壬Ҫһλ
洦֮У޼һ磬ҪΣԼУƿ磬֮ء
Ľ磬ʮƷͷִ˴󲿷ﶼ뿪ˣڷаĦ졢޼ӵȾͷδֶԸڣǱ½Ӿͺùˡ
ԺǱ½棬ҲӰ
׷ɱζܣҲ˲ϣֻϣĦ졢޼ԼߵǿߣԼӦ鷳
ɱĽ磬ػҵɽƼҲù
ΨʵԻ̶߳ϧ³ΪɾͷҲ˶֡
ˣʵѴﵽ۷壬֮ܶɹ٣ɽ磡
ʱǺԨɽ磬˵ˣֻҪʵȥɽ磡
ȥɽ磬ΪˣǾͲˣ
ڸţΪ
ɽ磡
ӹ׷ɱʵΨһһ취
֮ⷲУκǺӣ޷ˡ
ɽ磡
ͻȻǴڴ˵磬֮͡
ɽ
ɢȥװʲô֪飡ǿߣף׷Ƽذ˷ȥ
ˣ
Ψһ
ţ
ϣĿЩͷʧ󣬲£ΪҲţɵȸӦ֮󣬵ȷһĽ磬ѧԺǿҲֲԾǰһ֪ͨΪҪģʲô£ĽоͷԻ棡
Ԫ֪Ľ磬ܶǰҲй½磬ѧԺ˿칵ͨɺѽǣΪ
˵ǴƷ磬һ·׷ɱĽ磡
һˣǿܶ׷ɱΪɱ


1494 ֻʵ
Ҳһ䣬浹δȲ
Ϊ׷
Ʒһɱ½磬ᱦӶƷ磬ʱĽ磬ҲҪӶĻĽƷǿٱҲܺˡ
ԭΪɱԭɱ׷ɱܽˣ¸֪ףȷ
úѧϰȽС٣Ҳڲȥɽ磬ʱúñչأշɽ磬Ȼȥɽ棬һɽ紳ϾͬѪ໥иӦҲǺ£
˵꣬˫ü罣ޣˣ
ˣ
һ쬵ġ
˲Ϣ뿪תɽա
һƯţϢ󣬲ɫ߿񣺡Ƽ峤˽٣Ƽң
û£ֻƬ䡭
һʥ޴ڣ˷ӿ
ûһˣֻһֱþò̧ͷ
λǺӱλǺӸΪɾټʯƯһƬǹ޶䡣
һʯǺ֮зɳۣǰһټƺɫͷŰ߰â
ֽˣ
е棬ۣѹȥʮʱ⡣
̶ʮܴ꣬Ľ絽ֽ磿
ƻٶ̫ˣǷͷʮٶȣ̶ܶʮֽ꣬硭
ҲС
һʵڲ뷲۷壬ʱԶɽ١
˴ʯɳǿ֮УһʱҲоǰλǺӴĿ
ٶȷ˵벻ʶ㽫ڣҾ뻢ںϣں֮Īջ񣬲õѪ޵Ѫǰ򵥣
Ȼץ
һ˽ȥ˲ûΪһĴִָɫʯһݵ̣䡣
ǰգգ۹ͲˣΪһͨʯû˿ϢεȲ
ֽ磡
һº
ֽǺӣĽ嫣Ҳǳ̣оĽкβ֮ͬ
ڽ磬ʩչ컯뾧ںϣɹںϣԽϵ
СˣҿɲʲôֽŮСҪ뿪
âûǹ貣֮ϣءϢӿ

ΣֽһЩںϡ
Ȳżȥֵ۹ⷽλرԴں˵޷գС
ˣ
һأ
·һƬټޱȵĵ۹ʳǡ
ƬʳϷգֻȻ΢磬û뵽һĨ㸡֡
һӰ֮ᡣ
ȻʥϢˣţҲûȥ½˽֡
Ӱءںһ
ܿһӰ
Ӱ·գһŮӡ
ŮӴӰΪʵһɫۣ㷢𣬷ɫƬ·úڷӨ˸˸
ŮȣҲͶʮӣ·ӣɫΧնΪտӫ⣬ãĮϢһɽҲоš
Ʒ磬ǸвŮġС
СϷǵӰ񣺡ʦ𣬻ʵʦ˵ǲ
֮ǰΪʦ㣬ȥλ磬ΪûнʥǷħд
ӰһλŮӣҲ̫곤ֻСһЩʥϢմӾϵұͷظӦ֮Ǹ˵õʥķˣСС޼Ϊܴﵽ۷壬ϻвΪʦԷֵϢ
Сϲûжɫ͸ϢȻֽ磬һ㾡۹֮һѷɣֻҲ׷ɱ

·ʳӿһ
ʱͻ뼸֣ӵһλ߶
Ҳʮͷһ׶Ӱĺ룬˫üףü޼䲻һɾߣ΢΢ɫϣ͸һɻʼһͲͨʿ
ۣС
ֻʵۣϴˣһۣϷòٽɫʯһ
طҲвٽ˿ķһɳ󣬴μذ
һ֮
ϴۣ
ǵֻ΢΢Ӧʥϴڣһֱ½֮УǲϽ֪ĴڣдԴŸ֣ʥʥϢ֪㣡
۹һʹֻҲɱ
ˣɱԸֵ۹ҵȵ̣
ǣ
ִ˲תżַǰ
ܿӻʳ֮£һâŴ۶ȥ
ͽ֪н죬Ͳһȥ½磬һܽʥҲͷʦ٣ֻСΣӰ˵


1495 ֽ˷ƶ
޳ͼ磬ҲǺӣ磬½磬Ҳ޷ȥÿ䣬Ǻ޽ѹȥרΪʦɽ磬پΪʦʼղģðмʥϢҲú׼һ
زӰȻʧȥ
С꣬ìܿգ棬βֵ۹ʦҲע⵽㣬Ͷ־Ϊ֪ãҪ
С㣡
ŮӴӺ󷽷
ȻüһģһͻһƷ磬׷ɱۡ
˫ۣټ֣Ǳֽ磬ʱСŮ
ˣҲãʡȥƷһһǴϲ
һ̣
ֽһңԶ
ؾһƬڰľֲﶼǺɫ֮Ҳ޷
ƬڰһɽȣֻԪƷʮħ֣һʯȴš
ͻȻһӰ
ħۣ
ݼۣʮ¡
֮󣬷ħ᲻٣񻹲ʮ꣬һۣһҲħʿ
Ԫ¹򣺡ʦ˺ˣ˵Ҫչ𣿡
ħ۴֮ɫҡҡͷΪʦ֮ǰҪչ꣬Ȼֽ缸ħͷֶԸֽ磬֮ǰΪʦӦһֵ۹֮УһޡϢϢ񷣬Ϊʦ֮֮Ӧû뵽Ҳֽˣ
ѣ
²Ԫ棬񼲵ǿҲŶ䡣
ǶʶˣǱ۷ǳص棡
棡
Ȼֽ磬ããǺӣλλ磬ҵҲǿλ磡
ʮħǿߣ󲿷ֶƷ磬ħ½Լ˷½һħͷ
ֽ֪磬˭𺳣
ЩϹŶʵﵽ۷壬λ絹⣬Ҷ֪һλ磿
ȻǸҵһۼ;ڲֻͬп
ԪʦҪⷽƫƫӣֽ磬Ϊʦǣ
Ϊʦħɱֵ۹ϧʧܣڵֽŮ֮ʥӵϹñֵ۹֣˲½磬ʥõֵ۹ŹΪֽŮ
ô죿
ֽղŴǹϢ̫ΪʦҲûаնԸ֮ǰƻб䣬֮½磬׷ɱ棬ȡǼɱǾԴԴȥǺҵһһɽ٣Ȼһɽ磡
ɽ磿
ʮסˣ
֮
ȴߡ
ֵ۹Զ֮У
ϰٸִӵ۹Ƿлмˡ
Ϣ󲿷ǿһЩͬƺܵռһЩų⡣
ԭӹӡ¹ͨԼǧĺѩ
ƷĴţͻӳԸԳλ磬ֽС
ӹӺȻͨ񣺡ͨϵܣҼֽ꣬޷ⷽλرԴںϣû뵽λ˺嫣
ͨ񣺡ֻҪԻЧңԺӳɾʹ֮λǼҲȻֽ
Ҳ֪ǶҲ֪ԸˣʦڣҼ۹δǧɣ
˭֪ҲǷħۣһδҵֽ󲻾ãħҲˣħʮǰĴħͷȻǵ۹ͷ󻼣
һΪˣܣбλ磡
桭
ӹһ䣬Ļͨǧĺѩ¹˾һ㡣
ȫͻ̣Ĵ֮ǰܵ⣬ԺֻһǾǶϵ
棡
Цôֽ磿ǸҲûǸʵǸʵҲûǸ
ֻͨһ֮ԱǣǼ֮УҲͨ뽫ʬ

֮Уʩչ򡢶컯ֽͨؾëϴ衣
һһıԴȻؾͬһЩϢǲһںϣھ޷ںϡ
ˣɽ½ҲҪ뷲ںһʱ䡣
ĽһУʧأĸαôˡ
ںް
ҲܿڲʱڳͨԪ
ԺԪڷɧɵ뵽ںϿʼûԴ
ˣСӰ졣
Ƭ˷
ԼĪǧ֮⣡
һߴǿ߳֡
ִۣ
һһ֣Ȼб£Ҳ޷λϽ磬γɰΧȦ
ͻԼһͬۼӳֵ
Ա߻мߣʮɢֳǧǿߡ
ﾹǧɣʮǿߴࡢϷһɹǱǰա
رԴᣡ
ִԴżȻۣ֮Ϸֽ羧ϵ·ĳһա


1496 ʮ
ִ˫ͻأʮʮһʮӡӡһģһ
ûħϢ
ѵǶԸħۣ
һ˵ȴţֵ۹Ӣ
ӹӡͨǧĺѩ¹ڸ֮еȴš
Уӹͨڽ
Ҳ֪˭ȻǷħۣͷŸӦǰռǺõ۹ɱ
˱˴һ۽ͷظӦ֮
ܿ죡
֮У桢ţڰ֮УȻС
ΪСк棬ͷæտʼеɻ󣬵ڶϢһ⡣
ϴ󣡡
棬濴֪ΪΣƺ˿˿ƷϢΧ֣һָӦ
ƷϢĪƷʿΧкһҲɡ
ȻˣͷںϱԴ濪ʼںϡ
û뵽Ϣ֮һ׽Ϣ㻹˵ˣƷϢһɣɣⷽͷŸӦϢ
ϤϢƺӦ
ԾΪͷŸӦֻͷŰﵽ֮⣬ͱüΪѣΪֽؾںϲ࣬ӦúͷŰ֮⣡
ȷһȻƬأʴϴӦűǹϢơ
ѰôֻƬռ䣿
ϴ˼ǣ
д鷳ˡ
ѵǿѷ٣ڰ֮⣿
ʮа˾
޷ͣǲֽ磬ֻƬ·Ϊδȥκô˷ǣ
˵ֻֽˣһǷħۣһӦѪħϢ
侲ֹͣУĿհ˷һ˾ֽ磬ȻǷħۣһֽ磬ͻӾΧĳطǣ
ֽ硭ҲͣС
ʩչֽͨѵ󣬸ǰʱʩչ͵ϮֶΣȹƱȻǻģɱ֮ǰǱҪãʩչǸͷһѪ
ã
ΨǴӡ
һεѪҲͷһѪ
ӡ֮ĵӰǰ֣ͬʱҲͷͨӰʵ֮ʧ
ӰΪ桢桢ţ֣޴֮УС

޿Уץһӡûռ䡣
ɱ󣡡
ƬȻռϷϵ֮£ִͻȻͷһΡȻԪ

ʮͷ·յһָ
֮⣬ǧǿҲһִͬ
ͣ
ֵ۹ǿ߶ʱǰռ䣬ɲǼ䣬һ㣬ռѣռѺۣÿ䶼ǡ
һ𣬱Ȱռ仹޴ľˣôƣץסռ䣬ѹһ
ֲֲ̫ˣǧǿߣٵ۹ǿߣͷſռ˲ռ䣡
λ
ӹӡͨǧĺѩ¹ûг֣ȴǰռÿ䶼һ˲ѣķ·Ҳſռһѿ
µ˼£
ռ䣬һֻӷߣ
ˡ
һʥձ
ɲǼ䣬֮⣬ǧֵ۹ǿǣųһߣͷѹռ䣬ֱռѹȥ
䣡
ʵռٴ飬ÿһ綼ұȻֿʼϡ
ֵ۹ǿǾɱһ˲ϱƽ
̣
ǿռ䣬Ǻڶ֮УһâϢΪһ桢桢ţֱ
ռ𵴡˺֮ϻâϢһδα޻
ֿϲϴлƤ«ɱͷâǣοҪ
ֵ۹ȻһǧɾͷȻһ֮ڻɱҵȣҾ粻ԽһЩɱɱÿԶԸ
ǻƤ«´󹦣
ȻһΣֻҲˡ
ˣһƽô죿ֵġ
ֽɼģѰСսֱɱȥֵ۹
ã
һͬ
ͣ
֮߶Ѿӡ˲䣬֮пռ䣬˼ٷȥ

ռ䣬ֵ۹ǿߣһƽռ
û뵽һռ֮УȻһٷԾĻǡ
ǶգƬ
һʱֵ۹ǿռ䣬ϢͷɳƬռ䡣
ĵӰ֮£ֵ۹ְΧ֮£ֽ
׷
ձͻŭյĺ
ûٹ˵Ȼռ䣬һͬͷŵ׷ɱȥ
ǡǻ棡
˵һʱȥмġ
ǧĺѩޱؿţǵϤѹͻ̶ȥš


1497 ֵ۹
ӹӡͨҲڸղ˲䣬֮У治١
ṫӣʱһǻģԹޣæ߶ֵ۹ǿ׷ɱ
ôǿߡ
֮Խ񷡣
һǽâƵա
ЩâһڿڵƷһǵɽͷ
ˣǧɾͷ׷ɱ
Ʊֵ۹˽Ӵֻеħۣ׷ɱʱйĴɡ
ͻȻع񣬿ǰץһ仨
˰
С֮ΨһĶ߶˰ͷԪСˣһ뿪ֽ磡
ǼϢ֮һֱûж˰ҲֻƶһƷ
Ȼģ߶˰֪ѸӦҵϢСҲʲôֵ۹ŮںϣҲںжֻͨߣǵһӣ
Ȱ뿪ٿֻ·һ
Ӧˡ
ֻҲϤĮȻ˼¡
ϤİӾ˰֮д漲С
СҲǸСֵ۹Ůɵδ崫ߣĪٿ
뿪ǲ뿪ֽ磬ֵ۹ִʲôͻӣʲô壬˭ֹҴ㣬ҽ̤ʬǴ뿪
˵˵ˣִԲ򣬱ԾĹ
С
ƾδ߶˰һ̿ʼ˿ӱ˰
ȻҲӴʱʼͨ˰ǰ֮УӦ˰һϢ
С
ȥһ嫵۹
۹κγǳضټޱߣּƣʳǣƯڴ֮ϡ
һָŻʳǣϴСϢﴫ
ҲʾעΧɪɪһСģֵ۹ʮΪͷͻӵɱ
̶̰㣡
ֵ۹Ӣ׷棬ֽ
ֵ̤۹

ǰ۹Ҳһҫ
ʼֻһЩϢֵ۹ʳϷǹҫһ޼ɾͷͷųơ
޼ʮˣɾ𣬻иڰռᣬһ󽫵۹֮һǡ
󣡡
һӣλͻӣճХ
ԭֵ۹̫ӣһ֮֮ϣδֵ۹̫ӵġ
鷳ˣǰǿߣɾǧˣֵ۹ǵ뾧ϵһ
濴󷽡ǰǵ޼ɾĴڡ
ûܿܡ
ɱ˲Ŀ󺣣˭ң˭ͳΪ꣬׼Ѫս
ϣǾɱֵ۹֪үүǵҪܣ
Ȼţ֣
һ˵Ҫ֣Ϳʼͷħɷ𣬱ǿΪ
ǧɱ
̶ʮϢ˱󷽸׷ɱѾֵ۹ǳϷ
ǰǺ嫴
ٵɾǿߣʮ޼ʿӶƷЩʿͻȻ߶ơ
ɲʸÿһﵽɾ۷壬ôʸɱƷ磬Իһ½
λֶΡ
̫ˣ
±ɣǶ֣
ӹӡͨ޲汻ɱǶԣ治ǵˣҲ·ͷ
ˣв̤ʵ
һ̣
ֵ۹Ϸһɫʸɴﾪ˼ʸ񳱣ݽջ顣
˶ԣǰպһӳѡ
ؼƬգѹ
һƬ񷶼飡
ɼʸεȻ
׷ɱЩֵ۹ɱƣҲɵ÷ٶȣץ׼ںչɱ
Ҳɵƣǰ۹Ƿʮϵ۹ߣΪһ˵ɱˣİҲҪɱ
衭
ȻʸɱΪ۵ǼʸͷŽâ
ţֻû壬Ϊǧ׾ִӱǿ׷ɳһɫȦӡ
ȦӺХȥǰաʸȥ
䣡
ɱ
ֵ۹ǿǣΪ˲ܶԸʸ¿Գ֣ҲܶԿ
ħȦɱʸɱͷųֲаħɷٴ飬һǽħɷһ顣
𵴣۹𵴡
ʸ̫࣬ûħȦħȦҲ󲿷ֽѹȥγһƬУ֦Ҷߡ
ɱȻһħɱ
һû뿪ɱ
һֿܵ˹ƣ
ǵɾͷҲˣŽ˵УħȦſһɱ
ţֱƷ磬ʮֹʱִ˿սħʵŴִҲǵ֣
û뵽ʵԽԹ
ӹӡ֮ͨǰǸ⣬˲
˫ͫĥ졣


1498 
ݣ
˿̣ΪһĻˣ
ݲֵ۹ǷӦ֮ƣڱѾħȦ赲
ͻӡ̫ӡִ۱ˣҲŸֱƽ󷽡
ͻأֹּɽͷâħȦһһһʸơ
ȻΪһڱ
ɱ
ִ۱˶¶һݾ㵣ɱֽҲУδдܵõɱ
ʱ˿̣ɱƣѹƻɱƶռ䣬򻤹ɱȥ
һײɱ֮ȻƣײлҲ顣
ߺˣֵ۹ǿߣ֣ʵֵ۹κβǣҲսʤôǿߣ
С
Ǵһͷ֮ʣϷԽŹ黤ɱʳǡ
찡һǵһα飡
һˡ
ֵ۹Щɶͷ˶޷Ӧ֮ͫУӳŻǳ
ֵ۹ʳǣҲڴ
ಣ
ɱ֮УԽգ뻤
ǻʳǣСϢ
֮𣡡
һطӡִ˫£ͷų֮
۲ҵ۹֮òһͨʿֵ۹һ

ۿҪǰǴ֮У޹ҫӻʳǡ۹յȵȽ䣬ʳ֮оۼ
ϢϤϢǡ֮
滹ΪǴڴ߶Ҫɱȴû뵽Ժ֮УͨԪĵ·ճһɻ棬ڳһ
濴ǰҫɲǵǹҫǰ򵥣ЩҫȻһӰ
Ӱֵ۹ʳգһ֮УҲӰһʳϷȥ
Сӻ֪֮һ̣䴫Ծ
һŹܶ˽һЩ֮ϧ֮Уλ磬һЩ֮ϧδ׷ɱƷ磡
Ǳ½ڣа֮
ֻ֮ߡߡߡߡʥ߲ӵУ硢ɽ磬֮ţСҪˣֵ۹ʵڴ߶֮뻤ںϣͷɱУѡ
ǰӰ㼯һƬ֮ҫ֮С
֮ҲǳϤҮʴչһЩ
ǡ
ᣬȫԽ
󷽣Ҳǻʳǰһ׾ˣԼǧߣŶƣųǹϽս
ս߳һվ飬̤һ

䣡
ֵ۹ټ۹ǳءٲڰ۸ߺ
ʵۣʵۣʵۣ
иźա
ΪЩźǵִ֮۵ľˣ̤һһΧ߿˲顣
ֵд𺳣⡭̫ǿˣֵ֧۹ԽȣԽΪֲ⡢ֱڷ޵еģ
֮˲ƿߣ˵ӳͨͨʮٱǧǵ˵һ䡣
˵棬ֵ۹ʿԱ
ִ֮Уִ۵ҵ۹ߣ
ģϴɱˣںѡ
ǵ˾ʮȴͻȻһ
µٶȣµ
ô
˭֪澹ûκζǵȴžɱЦǴⷲǿ޵еɣ㣬ϣҾ͵Խ˷磬ȥɽ磿
ģ
׳־
Ҫһֵ֮۹ǿߣִɵľˡ

ںһɽ޷޸󷨣ɴӽ֮򽣾Ϊһո½
˲ɱǾս
սڼ֮⣬·۾ʵڱִƿԼΡɽȻһƳǳһٶɶơ
žžž
ȫɱöһ÷׷飬ֻ΢΢ɢȥһ֡
ֳԾȫһоˣ
жǿ󣬵û뵽ǿ˵ز
ǿ
̫ǿ
Ҳҵ۹ΪУ
񷣬һЩֵ۹ǿɱ
Ϊ̫ӡͻӵʮڣɱɱѴӺɱɱУԸ档
ͻӵҲ߽٣֮
һ۹ҲֻǷһˣɨһͻӡ̫ӣעǰ̤նľˡ
޵𣺡ɣóưɱƣĿǰ˴ﵽ۷ʵ϶һ۹һʵ۶֣
ƺ֮䡣
ǰţ·
ȴڨڨֿصͷҳƣǰǿǰôң


1499 費
ƶɣںϣҲҪһʱ䣬Ҳ޷ػڲңС񣬿Ͻ֮Ϊҿ
ңСҵĵģ
һ̣̤߿ա
պ¡¡ţΪ˵ǣǾұͻȻ趯һž޹

ǧ׳ƽǹѸͻ̶ƽǹɱƳһڰơ
߶ں֮ŻƽǹһУεؼԦһ
ף֮ǰƬ߿գڻƽǹɱ񱻾ýŸ飬飬ơƬϯ
㣬ƬҲ飬οǾ˹ƣ
˲һʼ׷ɱ
һ֮ٺ٣֮ǰ滹չֳ޵֮أȿֵܺ۹
Զֵ۹ǿ߶ڵȴš
ͨǧĺѩһȫעž׷ɱ棬Ļŭš
ԽǱȻԽǸˣ
ӹµõԵƷҲ㶥ţλ磬ֻǺͨһòϣȷڸ泬Խҡ
֨
һλͬƷţӹɫ𺳣ȻҲмֻϿɱ
䣡
룡
ӣڲʳ֮䣬˼׷ɱ棬ֱӴ֮ʯͷһըѣǻҲɢ
޵У
ҵȷûʸЦ磬ֵ۹һ֮ʮ࣬ǵ̤ɾ
ȥһδα·־ϣҲŪ뷲ۣ֮жٲࡣ
˲Ϣ
ߣǶɱ̤֮ϣˣ

̫뼸ǿߣѹɱƣþǿӭˡ
ˣ
ȻǷˣӼҲҧˣھ⸱³
ֵ۹ǿߣƺһ̣žɱƽǹϢ֮һǹ

˰Եɱƽǹ
Ԧͷ˳ƣ顣
Ǿ˶֣
һˣһ۹ǿ߶֣
ҵĹԹ԰ң̤ңƽǹɱ԰ס
ЦˣָСͬʱƽǹɱƣѽƤ˺ѡ
ֲƣ˵ƽǹ
ž
޵һɱһĨɫӰҲһƶȥ
ˣһƷţʼջ޷Ծţ
ԶǧĺѩվͨԱߣƺ뵽ǸᣬԼԼĽָ߲ʵ
һӶǸã
ͨһߡ
κַߣϳͣ
ֵ۹ճһ棡
䣡
ƽǹʱû棡
ֻǧ׳ĻƽǹգҲ֮飬޵սǸ߿
֮ҲƬգƽǹɱڸ߿գ˲һ㿪ѣȻǲϱ
ﻹӰӣ
ֻо˻һǹɱƽǹǾԼֲơ֮
ڵϢ
ֵ۹ǿ߼ƣû뵽ˣǾ˴
ƽǹͬʯ죬ʼڲһѿ
˿֮ʣǽƾҲȻըѣΪһ㣬ݡ

ʱ˿̣ʮ֮⣬ٿػԼִۣ֮˱ɢ
δѪƿأ編ѣҲ޴𵴣һҲˡ
˷ֵ۹ʿ˭֪Ŀɿڴ
̫ӡͻЩ߲㣬ҲſǾڱֵ۹ӽ쿪ʼ
ֵ۹ʿԣ˵ĵ£ֵͬ۹ȻҲڵ¡
֮УһѪӰ
棡
û뵽Ҳ𵴣ȫѪѣΪһѪˣٿǱˣǿٷʳǡ
ʳٴθߺСɱħħʲôֵ۹Ҫ㣡
ȡ
ʳǰգ
ۡ˫ȲٹŮӵµСò֪ˣԿ¡
һ½ʿȷֲý½磬Ҳûκδˣ˫Զ˱ʼվòʵġ
Ʒ磬ԸһĻĻʱûнǿŰ֮ʵѳԽҵȣ
䣡
֪ԶϷһƽơ
ͬطŭʳǰ
Ǵ֮ŭϴù֮Ƭأ治ܿʳǣ
ۡ˫Ҳ˵һ֡
Сһɫۣ绨񷣬°ʢţ˫ͫԽЩ
ȻԣϷɱĻƽơ
ִʩչ֮󣬻һƬʱյɱһƣ֮ǰɱĻƽǹ࣡
ɶִۣһҪֹȥСΣҲҪȥ
˵꣬ٶٴ


1500 Զľ
ͻͻͻ
ոշɳףǵƽɱһ飬Ȼռ䱻ѹ
ҲһƬɣ
ֱӽʮ
վѪţûȥǾƣǿǰ
ʳǣ
ǻʳǣֻû뵽ַʽʳǰ
С
ҾǻʳϷһƬ֮ϣٹŮ֮УͬӰС
ϧСԶԶҲȴİ˰㣬û˿ҲûлӦ
ŷ䣡
߶Ѫ˵ͬʱָش֮Щ޷ơ
ڴ˿СƯ򻨴УڶԼ΢Ц
ʶһץϧץסֻޣʲôҲûУСԽʧ
һ־룡
ĺǡ

ֻ
ǰԶ㣡
Сʱľ룬ѳ񷡢
һ½ǣҲ㹻ġ
ҪʳǣȥСϷգͻȻΪһΪ޴Ļƽơ
ֵ۹
Ƶ޷̤һ޷ھɱɳƹռ֮С
ƣ
һٶپˣҲ޷ɳƹΧ
̤ʳǽأ̳纣Ҫ֪Ϊ۹֮
ɲǼ䣡
ƺգ֮⣡
ͻӡ̫Ӹִۣͷããƣɱɽ״ƶ

ִ۶棬ǲԾĵĿ⣬ͻȻһơ
ɣһ֮㹻Ҫ㼸СģǴ㱾
ж档
һ̣ѾѹϷҲΪ֮ڡΧ飡
񱻹һڣҪ
һС񣬴һȥٶȳơ
Ҳͷһͻ֮Ϊ
䣡
ڶϢ
ͷŷ֮󣬼ڰϷǴƣըѣըһӡ
ҲڽŴӶ顣
䡭
ƿشֵ۹پͷִۡͻӡ̫һͬ顣
ִۣһλ֮ɢ
һȺŴ飬ֲܵ𵴡
ΪһСӣкҵ۹ƺһַ
֮ǰŵƵִۣʱһˣ·Ӹ߸ߵ̳˷硣
ͨĿ⣬ǰ飬ţһ֮Ȼ޷Ըһʿ
ֽ磬ֵ۹Ϊֵ۹޵аѹһλ磬Ȼ޷κһСӣ
ȿȡ
飬ɽӱ
Ƭ֮ͻһѪڷգջΪһͻ
ͻ֮оѪѪѸ࣬ΪˣҲŴƶѪ
ɣСȻɱϾ㲻СԶԿһ֮һ֮顢𵴣ȻһҲɱ㣡
֮˵ʱСߣϲߣ˾ȥСڴˣ
ȴû뵽֣ʳǣҲģСҺ뿪죬Ҫٲһ
֮࣬һ̾
Ů׼
ʳ֮ϣ
ŴƣǸ߿ձڼСж
ۡ˫ΧŮӡ
ЩŮ˭֪СڰУһӰԻ
ǵӰŮʧϵ˵ͽСӵϽ֮ܿһ֮λ֮УֽѾΪǿĴڣΪʦҲǴһ棬Կһ֮ͱȫ֣ѹʥʹ
Сס
ʱּСͷһʥ֮߿ա
СˣŮֻ۹֣׼һµˣ
ֵ۹ٴͷ
Ϊ𣬴ͻӡ̫ӵȴͷͷŻǻҲڷա
ӰҲ߿վۼ
ӻʳǷҲоӿ߿ա
ɣںǸŮˣǸŮ˲ں㣬˼Ҫ֣ͨ˵
Ҳ޷ֹң
߶ѪգҲڽûƤ«ϻָʵ

Ϸһƣƽӡγɡ
Ҫֵ۹ǷǿߣһǻԼ۹ڤڤһԻʳһ
۶ϷʮռƼ
һƽɣִ۴һɱƺХϷ߿һƬ顣
ǧˣӣ
ƣɲǣһ糤ǹһֱɱ
ȥ
ѹĴƣһָ
һСͻأطɳ΢ûǿơ
Сȴգٶȳƽʮһɱ֮С
䣡
һըѣ룬ֱ֮ըһӣȻƺȻ顣
֮ԣû
û뵽ֵܼڣ
Զ
ͨǧĺѩѾû˿⣬
ӹҲһĻ޷ݵĿ־塣


1501 
Կֵ۹ֻǼһʱ䣬ܿͱһ֮ɱ
Ȼһ֮޷ɱ棡
𣡡
ƽƸոըѣִ۳Х
һƽӡϷɱ
ٿ·Ƭ֮е棬Ƭͻ飬֮֮У۾ڳѪ
ؿڶƣСַɱȥ
ϧֵ۹Ҫ㾡ȫɱӡ޷ơ
˶ˣû뵽ڶƽƣڰ顣
ȻƵֵ۹㾡ɱһơ
⡢жǿ󣿡
ʳǷٹŮʧȥԵ쳣ƣ
һŮʿͷƣ󲿷Ůʿ޷֡
СûжݵģʱҲһαһ⡢оš
ǵŮӵСԺ𣺡ˣٿáԦɱԸƣ㣬һʱɣ
Сһ̣ٴβ
СҷҪߣ˭Ҳֹң
һӡԻһ·ֲƣû档
˶û뵽ڻܵճХۖۖ졣
֪ǲΪ仰۵һСһѪ
û¡
ۡ˫Ҫǰȴֹ
ͽ
ѹĻ죺㻹ŮδΪʦҲŮɵΣ㲻ͬһ֣ʥ΢΢ΨһŮʥף㲻Ϊ׷ţ
ʦҡҡСٴǺѪ·һ֧ҪŮӡ
˲ѪʦҲŮҲ룡
ΪһˣȻ˲١
Ϊ棬ҲΪԼҲΪʲôδΪʥţ
С
һ̾
Ȼ䣬һɵâСԱ֣߳һŵҩŵҩƣԺ£η粨Ϊʦú̸̸
ࡢлʦ½⣡СǱýһϣһ˿Ѫɫ
С
Сץסҩ
ʮգ˻߰ĺ
ּһƺɱ£ٴαɡ
±ˣѪģ滹ѱض޷ֹ
ֵС֮ǰĽ磬ҼʧȥϹ٣Ϊֽ磬ҲҪߣ
Сһ˿˿⣬ִߣϤ΢ЦҩͻС
䣡
һƽƣ׷ɱըѡ
ʳǰ
һ̣Сĸ
뷲һǰСкӣһѵŮûְģɾݷһݣף·֮ϣʥŮıࡣ

žžž
һΣһɱȴƣΪֲ𵴣һը
˱ˣͷƤ飡
׷׿߿գΪǵ۹ĳָΪͨ
Ҳӣ΢΢̧ͷ
֮ϣһͷâĿռС
âУ
ǿâ
Īֵ۹ڶɱͻӡ̫ӣִ۶һãȻ
֨֨
âнը죬֮Уĥ
֮һâ֮дͷŽɫ棬Ȼһֻɫ
ǡǡɫ˲Ϣӱ䡣

âֱӴӿռУǳҫ
·
ֵ֪۹ͷ𺳵ظߺһ䡣
ƬâУâҫأֽؾȫͬ
â
ֻɱ˲ӵУ
ɫ˼Ԧâʲô
ɿ󡭡ˡ
׷ˣ
Ʒ׷ȥĽ磬ִĽ׷ֽ硣
侪̾κθ֪ʧ
Ӻ󷽼æ˵ϴֻǲǶ֣˴ʱߣ޷뿪ֽ磡
ˣ
ȻǶ֣ο֮
ֽһ֮˶֡
С
ƽȴںʲô˽٣ȻɱСɱնȥǽӡһλ顣
泯ʳǷɳ۶ȥֱƽơƬǰУҲһδػ
ٿǰСû˿˿ɫһȺŮͷֵ֮۹ǿߣϺϻ֮ɱ档
߳߳߳
һƽƣϷ֣ɱ档
û뵽
һ˫ֻ֮ͫǴâͷŶ
ԭɿͫ
˫ɫͫ͸񷣬һǾƷճ󶴡
ɫͫӴ󶴼渲Ƕɫǹ
õѣ֮ǰƬû棬̧ͷ䣬˸ʣԼգֻɫͫ
̫ˣԣͫ·͸Ǻӣƻ磬ɢ
ഫ֮ٶ㿪ǿ֮ɿɽǳ֮࣬һִǺԨޣޱ


1502 ˶Գ
ģүүҲûдﵽ˾磬Ȱ֮ôֻСƤˣţֶһ֮
۹֮ˣֻɫһ˫ͫ˲飬ƷֹˣΪɱ
鷳ˣٺ٣漸͵һɱֽȻǶ֣ˣ
ӹͨǧĺѩ¹ûг֡
Ȼ棬ϧʵǶ֡
󣡡
汻ƬԼûʱ˵ܣ뿪׶ޱѡ
ֻжͫ飬ֵͫܽ۹һ֮˲ɱƣҪǻ˲䱻ɱ

ǧһոҪС
֪һӰӺ󷽻ʳƿն
濴Ӱ־ϲ
ˣС
СȻˣ
С㲻֣ȥڴʱ֣ȻΪ˾Լܲ˷ܣ
С޶֣Ȼܣɲ뿴Сȥ
Լż
ȻСͫʱ淢Сû˿飬˫ͫȻâϢҲֽ֮ϡ
ΪС˫ͫâ
Сֵ۹ʿĿ£һץѰֵ۹ƣһƬžâ֮ӡ
ӡɱΪĿ꣬ͶĿ½ɫ˫ͫ
һ𣬽ɫ˫ͫǴâӡ˲һ飬Ǽվһը
ˣ˰ɣһϣǿʢǷ֮
֮ϣɿһƸ˲δ֡
ƺҲȷλá
Ƹָ·ǵâ߿գɵһ˫âͫСϡ
ȷм֣
Ҳһ˿Ȼ˲ֵֽ磬䷢м̺Ͻ֮ϢȻֽ磬вʿɹ½أΪˣֽĽһ֮ӡĳ֮УǸŮӣδɽ٣ɳӦϽˣͶ־½磬ڰпǸŮӣ
СĹһ£֪
Ƹͷâһ˰ƣ׸߿գƬ߿մƶȥ
ͷһȻ˳֣ɿǲʱ˺ƤȥԸ棬ɱ˾ͺã
ৣ
ɿ·һȥ
Сʩչ֮飡
߿գ濴ˣ˭֪֮С顣

һâ֮жתۻΪƸâӰӡ
һƸͲƷΪ
ƸӰСȭǿλŮѣĿĲӶֽ磬Īᣡ
СȴԳ죬ˮȻİӦֽǡͥӻ½֮һˣӶ½磬ҲҪǲǽҪͥͨˣӦҲԾ롮ͥԶĳͥɣϾֽ֮ϣҲǼͥ
Ƹ񣺡ƸԡͥȷͥŲ̫ԶȻͥӻ֮أȻӶᣬֻץСӶѣֻҪһˣߴˣǾȥ
ͥ
ͥ
˶Ի֮£գСƸնԻ
һҲǵһε֪ɽ֮
ҪץǷСӣСδ˵һŮĮ֮Ե΢΢Ծ
ԣֻҪСӣץСӣǾͻ뿪ⷽ磬Ҳ֪û̫Ҫ塣Ƹǰ
Сؾܣ˲ܽ㣬ҪҶԸǣͯͯŮٶԣ
ǲ˿С
Ϊ⣬Сƽʱˡ
޻Ӧ˴ϽͶ־ʶӵƿλˣҲǴⷽɽ磬ſⷽ籾Դ
ҲҪҵʯף
ʲôʯף˵ǣ
Ժٸ㣡
ʯףŮˣΪʯ׶
鷳ˣԶͥ׷ɱңΪɱСⷽҲΪʯ׶Ҿͬɽˣ˰ء
ˣ
Ƹ̣ߣǲ㽫ǣĪҲ֪Ǽ
СڲӦҿɲȥõűԶŴȷ죬ҶûȤˣܽǣ
ǾͲ˼ͥڱֽ磬Ƕԣⷽ磬ͥҲ޷κΣǲţΪһ鷲磬ͥͥ
֣ͥҲܵõСӣ
ƲԳԷƣⷽɣһ־ǱԿ
ಣ
ƸǵӰ˲ɶݸ߿ա
̸ˣ
濴šС΢΢ͷƣ˵һۼǲˬ
ߣɱɱҲɱܴ߶ɱһǿԴ߶ʮ㲻ܴŮӣʱ־֣ܲˡ


1503 
ͥˣСҲȥɽ磬Ǿ͵ҳ֮ȥѰͥҳС
ӣ
ǰһ̣Ҳװס
ŴСǲʵģͥˣһ޻˵СҲ˿ơ
²ƣ˿ʯףȥСȥ
ֻз

뷨ոʵû뵽СǸٷ
ӣ
һߣСɱ˽֣ȥ
ʥСﱬһİŮŭ
ߣʥ㣿룬ڿСҪЮҪЮˣٷأΧȻƽӡƬ׹䡣
ִСڣճЦһˣ뱾ΪУҲ֪ⱦжҪҡ졯һʥ
Сɱ߶֮Ϸأ죿壿ߣȰСң
ͽҲҳδɡһ˳ϹϵȽʥｻңҽɽ磬Ҳ޷ټһ棡
ȥԣ
Ī㻹καɣֻͶһ־׷磬һ磬һ־Ҳ޷Կֿ
ţδһ죬һȥͥҵ㱾𣬾ȳСҿǳжǿ󣡡
㻹ȥɽ磿챾޷ɳֵ۹

ϿգСٶԽˣϲɱеâ뾧ӡһ̾Ů
ϴ󣡡
桢ţҲɱһ
濴һϲ
俴Ϸ񷣬׸߿գϤĻƽˣֳֳǹƣջֵ۹֮Լʿ
Ǹ߿հȻɱһǹæǶԸǶԸ֮ˡ
СԦɽ纮Ҳ࣬ЦеΪϴû뵽ֵ۹˴ˣΪ˵סˣ
Ҳû뵽ֵ۹˷Ʒִˣûеģ˿С׷ɱߣ
ȻŶͥˣǼֽͲˡ
ͣ
֪
ǲϷأֵ۹Եٶȷǳˣһɾǿ屶
Ϸһâǣջ棬СԳԽ׷ɱ
׷ɱǧϷ룬ֲϢ־׷
ˣȻ԰Ȼ磡
䣡
׼ɱɱ
Ӱ֮УͻأԽһɫâ
ɫâϮССƬգײϡﻩ׽
ɿ׷ˣͻأ𵴣Ŀ⣬һ˲Ϳ˭ܺˡ
ɿ
֨֨
ˣһЦһ־ͶӰҽ֣
ֻɿ󣬵ɿһ־޷սʤ㣬Ҳܸ㲻ڣ
Сâ𵴣ץһޣâƣɿΧҲǴ鹥ơ
žž
ɿٶȸˣһɹͽâ飬ûͿշһ˫Ŀ档
߳߳
һޣûɿɳԶճɱ
ɿû취ֻܽ޻飬ż׷ɱ档
Ļ棬Ͻ׷ţǱòϷɳֵ۹
Ϊң½ˣֵ۹סȻһ޼׷ɱɲˣ
Ȼ񷣺ϴҿƷŴ䣬ִ̩˵ˣոĽ磬ɱ
Ʒǿߣ
ںϸӦȻ׸߿գҲ˲ԶʮӵƷϢǿߡ
̩ǿߣ
ȻЩͶˣɱֽ磬Ըҵģˣˡ
ʱֽ磬Ȼ˺
ϧЩƷͷǣնһͶˣȻС
ǰΧдֵ۹ǿ߰ΧˣոշƷЩͷɱ档
ǰգʿţԦһƬ⣬ڰջΪɽֲ
ٿ󷽡࣬Ǽֵ۹ǿΧɱ
ԾǣӺֵ۹ǿ֮Уˡ
ӹӡͨǧĺѩ¹ֵ۹ʿһϢҲλ籾ԴƷϢһɣֲ֮ǰûзϢֽںϣ
Ȯ죬Ͷͻӣֵ۹λ磬лΪɽֽ磬ҲȻķˮҲǸʳɫ֮ȻҲץסᣡ
ӹӣ
¹
ͨ
ǧĺѩ
֮ǰӦƷЩվͷɱҲͰˣǣƷĴš
ͨǧĺѩʵԴﵽɾ˵زϷǿߡ
ͨǧĺѩһǱ½뿪ͶԭʥΪ𸣵غĵӣץסڻ𸣵ǿߣͻӣͶˣλ磬ʵһˣ
Ϥͨǧĺѩ˴ǷʱǶ֡


1504 ¹
λۣ֮ǻǶ֡
컯ȻעⱲӶǶͷ
ħȦ
ǰʿҪشǼˡ
ҲǡСںЩˣ˲ţһ֡
Ŵʮ
ţһħɷپޱһħȦħɷ֮Ϊ籩ʿ
䣡
˿ߣϷǧװգɫ⣬һâޣɱѽѷ֡
ȥըʼѹơ
ǰҫ
ħȦɱ󡢽֮ϣһ˲䣬ɱ֮ţ۷ʵƬ˹ƽ⣬֮һ
󣡡󷽡ҼʿҲæʩչơ
ٶٴ桢Ҳɱɽಭ׽ɽħȦһμǰ˴󣬳׺ɱһִǡ
棬գֵⷽ۹شҴҲȥֽ羧ϵ
û뵽ǣһŮ֮Ӵĳطض
桢һŮȻɻ󣬵Ƭ̼䣬ǾϲӦԭ¹ôҲֽ磿
¹
ˣ
첻ƷŴȾͷͨӹӡǧĺѩ¹
¹Ҳֽ磡
¹Զһ·׷Ϣֽ磬ʱƻƷ磬λˣʱѰиϢʮ󣬴λǺֽ磬ȡϵϱֲͻӽԾҾһֱֽУֵ֪۹֣ԭ۹ΪУ
ԭˣ¹¹ƷͿ뷨ӣҪȳãΪֽ硣
˭Ľ㣬Ҹ
ĻӦлָλǹҪֽ磿
ֵ۹̫ǿһܾ֮ȳãƷĵ壬ֽɴ٣̻ᱻλϢûΣգλԴУδɷҲܺʴ˴뿪ֽ磬ҵطɽٷһɽ磬أ
ȲѣҪֽ磬ӳΨһҪȥĵطҲɽ磡
ҲҪȥɽ磿ǲһ飬ȥɽ磡
ȥɽ磿֮ãֽ磬ȥǺӻϣ
һǺӵ㣡
¹нԶϢܿʧӰ١
ӿٶȣɱƣʿ֮ʣԽںֽ籾ԴʵҲﵽ۷壬Ҳãȥɽһ·Ҳи飡
ʿ󣬱˦
ͷſ¹ָ񷣬ٶߡ
ɿСǿߣǧϷ׷ᣬɱɱȥһδ뿿棬ԱԷֹ
ģֻʣɿС֣Ϸ׷ˡ
ֵ۹ʿֻں׷ٶԶԶ棬ֻܿ˽Զȥ
̫ˣɱΧ
ʥŮŮ׷ɱҪӳֽ磬̫ף
ʿ֮Уӹӡͨǧĺѩ¹ѿǰκӰ
ȷ֮Ҳԣ
ֵ۹֮ϣ
׸߿գըʮըѡ
ִ۴ͻӡ̫ӣԼֵ۹Ӣû󣬼·籾Դɱһƽӡ
ӡƸˡ
֮һδɱâӡ飬ֵ۹ʿܵ𵴡
Ͼλ磬һ֮ˣ״飬һ֮ʱʱ̿ɱһʱҲԽֵ۹ơ
Ƹɱһâһ飺ˣɿȥ׷ɱ棬СӲǧףֻǵ־棡
ȻŭɿˣʵֲԸһ־£ؼСⷲ磬޴ӣֽ羹ֵ۹֪պգ
ǲͥ
ͥӻͥΣʲôӣϷ߲ӦҲţһλ磬ͥȥҶͥ
ͺãǿ޼ɵ֣
ƸЦһɨ·ֵ۹ơ
˫һƣһ˿˿ʮָ䡣
߳壡
·ֵ۹ץ˫ơ
һƬ׵磬׵ٲʧȥҫƣ˲·
ʱɰ˷ʮգЩֵ۹ơ۹֮顣
ϡԿЩ׵شգգֽڰ֮Уռ䶼׹˺ѡ
Ϊǿ֮һɱʮճƬƬ˺ѡ
ٿ·ֵ۹ʮǿߣ·Щɾͷ׷ѪΧҲʼ
ΪǣһЩ׵󳹵ɱһЩҲɱֵ۹
ٳǳأһ̱ó𵴣һһǽ˲Ϊƽء
ʣ
ͻӡ̫ӵˣֵ۹ǳΪƽأΪ棬ʿ˲֮¡


1505 ɿ׷ɱ
ǿʹļףִۿȥ
ҲΪʹģǵ۹ڣʥŮΪɽٷּǱɺסˣҼͷűԴ֮۹ûˣǿٽŭˣǵ۹ûδ˱ӻǵ۹ܳΪֽһ
ʣ
ִ˵꣬Щ¡ɵľͷǣٴ˴߶ؾ
Զֵ۹
֮УһըԼâϱ
桢桢ţ־ڱըǰѾ֮ϣѿϵ
ʮϢǾӳֽ磡
ټһᣬ뿪
˱žһζٶ¡
ҿɲȥʶ࣬ҿɶŮ˲
Ϸը֮У
ڣɿһСɱâӡʵ֧顣
һ˫ͫԽС
СâϢû֮ǰǰǿ᣺ɿ󣬱˵㣬ˣҲǵõСӣ
֪
ɿͻȻһ˦β͡
䣡
˲ϢȥС󷽰ףҧһ硣
Сڰ׿ռ䣬˲ҧ飬Ϊǣγɽɱ֮ƣҪСնɱ
ಣ
һ
޴ӣ
ɿת׷ɱȥ
ٿСɱԼռ֮Уâһδ飬޷Կ硣
ڴʱСüͻȻһ߰âһ뿪üġ
ԭһС
ССͷΧһ֣Ȼһɽһ㣬ͻնȥ
С𿪲磬ǱΧΪһż磬ûˡ
ֻɿ治򵥡ͥűҵǲںʥҲУ
һõʥֻҳֳ棬򶫻ͥҪʥǶʵȷ
֮С޷ƿƬ硣
Ʊ飬âϽѹƣᱻ֮ɱ
һͥҲץסСӣɽ磬һ죬ֻҪȥɽ磬Գҵ䣡
û뵽һֻɿɿռֲ˳̶ȣһ־Ҳֻǿ
Χռ䣬֮Уƺһþ֮б
ͬʱ
ϷգͻȻһ𣬻Ϊըҫһڻ޽ֱ񷣡
ʮ񷶼˺ѷ籩

ɫɿŽ֮ƶը˳
ض·ҪȥɱСһȻƺһܣ֮ѹϣڷ磬ܵ־ͶӰǸΪŮˣ
ɽ㣬αѼסطϢ
꣡
˲·֣ɿ򾧱ϵȥ
ίʵֲʮռ䶼ըѣϴֻ׷ɱˣ֮ǰСɱǵСֻܵδնɱ
ϵ֮£ͷɾϵ
ţֱ棬ͷ츳Ӧ·ɿС̣
̫̬
ϴҪɱˣ治ɵץಭ׽

ͻȻһץһâʧھϵ֮С

Ϣ
ɿ׷ۣߺߣֽΣȥǺ֮⣬ҪܵҵϢ˶ʱ䣬ȥ
ɿ󵹲ż
ֽ֮⣬ããǺӣʯâ֮£ʯƯǿա
һӰٷֽ磬â֮ǰ¹̤
ˣ
âȻֽǷϵŴ
·ΪУ߶֮ͷſɶݶ
ͷɽ˽̤ɽ¹Ҳøϣѵˮɽϡ
һۿ󷽣Ҳȥ
䣡
Ƿɳʮ
ֽ羧ϵһը
ը֮УһɽʼŴ
Ϊˬֻᣬ׷ᣬҾǲʮλǺּз籩ʯȥöãɿ׷
СҲǳģٶȣηҪ׷ɱǵǺӾͷϴ޷
ҹɿܴӷ׷Ľ磬ִĽڼʱ׷ֽ磬ɿǴҧйأ֮ڣɿϢ׷ǲţӳ֮У侲ָǰ㴦䡣
һ˲䣬뵽Ϊˡɿ̶ܶʱֽ硣
ֶ԰¹񣺡Ƿֿɿޣ׷ǲţһ̫Σգ
Ҫ֣ȥһɽ磬Ҳôи飬ֻޣǿ취ʵڲУֽɱǣ˭֪ʱ¹뿪Ҫɱɿ
棬ʶ¹
Ů˹ֲܳΪƷ磬ضš
롭
ʲô
ֻ


1506 
ԺŮ˵ĲֻлɱɱɿֶܰΣɱɰգи취ҵǺԨɽ磬ҲԸɿ󡣡
ǺԨԨ
а취
ֵǺԨ٣ǻɣǺ֮γһڷֵشǺԨñǱɵĴڣԨûǺ֮ޱΣգڲԳʱգҪǺԨѣֻҪӦǺ֮Уûһ˿ǺϢĵطһǺԨ
ûǺ֮
˵꣬ɵ
ټǿգ̺жٷ磿
ټǺӣһвҪѰҵǺԨ̸ף
ٿ߸֣桢ţ֡а¹ǷʿбҵǺԨ
Ǿԣ
ɿ׷ɱ
濿¹һЩɽ£һۣ޾Ǻ
¹һ֪¡
񣺡ֻǺԨȥɽ磬Ҷδɽ٣ɿں󷽻񣬲ܸǶɽʱ䣬ҪҵǺԨҲףзѰԨ
ת˼ǲöɽ٣ǺԨֱɽ磿𣿷ȥɽ磿öɽ٣
һλǰҵģʵöɽ٣ֻҪǿʵȥɽ磬ǺԨֱɽͨǺԨ֮γɣһ˲زأ
һΪֻжɽٳɣɽ磡
ɿٶȱҿһֻĲһ㣬׷ɱ뽫ǺԨȥԸΧǺ޾ûκλöԸޣǺԨޱΣգǿ˦ޣ͵͵ȥɽ磡
ôҲ벻ͨΪˡޡ
û취ҵõɱ
ҲңȻҵõԵҲֻǳԶʤյأֻй޷֪Ͻ֮¡

¹Ҳ֪ѰǺԨ
·ˣ
ְпͰ͵ĵǰǰο㣬ȥǺԨɣ
Ҳ֪˭֪һ䲻ȡ
ǰȻ֪ǰѣ֪˿ͨǺԨȥɽ磿ǰкãҿںϻȶ׷ɱȻһʱֻȻ׷
ҲǿԵģ
Ҿ֪ǰܣ


¸ſͣ˺ϲ£棬±ˣ
ԪѰǺԨ⣬ôӦһ£
˵һ£һ¶⣡ԭа취

һ꣬ʱƶɣҪ壬Ϊ̫֮ͻȻبȻֻ֮
ǰ롭ΪѪ
ȻҲ棬õұǻƶɣδҲΪޣȥ磡
㱾ֻСҲԸˣ԰ǰѪ֮
ԭ
ǲԶһ
һܣ
Ծһ㣬ӵѪ⡣
ǿҪ컯ͨæҲ
̾Ϣֻ֮ͣҪӦңûںϣԺȥɽ磬Ϊ취ɣ
У»ʱҲȲϻҪӦǰǣֻգգۣ浱Ӧ
úãʵ㲻صĻΪںϣڣԺʱٴͳˣ뻢ںϣõúô뻢ͬʣǱһ壬ػҲƿأ
𣿡
͵ţԼҲͲһʱҾ뻢ںϣʱа˳ɰգԸɿ󣡡
ֻо˲һ
ͼ뻢һ֮ͬС
缱æϴɿٶ׷ƽҵȻǺӣ
׼һսޣ֮Ҳмɿܣ¹ͷֵ
ɡ
˲
ʯ֮ذס
ʶ˲ؿռ䣬̤Ͽգػֻܵȴ֡
̣
ɲǣ
ſ죬ɫ֮ʯûв𣬵ſ˲䣬ƹϢ
ҲһЩϢϢںһ𣬻ΪɫϢ֮ڲƯӡ
Щӡزס
û뵽ɫͻͼڣҲ˹һӻ֮а
ʼ̵ڻ
ǻΪҺ壬ҲǻΪʡ
ǻΪɫϢƲԵǷǳ䣬ڲκһ˿Ϣ޷
ԽڻΪɫϢͻͼڣ𽥵ڻϢںϡ
ִϷձѪǿٱ棬ҶǹɻϤϢѪ
ɣҿɲһܣϱˡһ֮У𵴡
̣
Ҳǳ棬кεܡ

֮֮ܿ컯Ϊһס


1507 
Ϊһף
֮У״޻Ϊʵǻڻʱɫͻͼڡ
ͼǰ󣬼ͬʱںϣš󱳴
״ʱ·ɣҲҽһ㾪ˣ͸оɱҪޡ
һЩƿʼӿ֣׻ҲһЩΪֳģû뵽Ϸ£׾һЩ𲭣һ顢һ˿˿ͬ֯ɡ
ųһͷҲһ飬ȻԲΡɫͷǴӻͻͼڡ
׿Ϊͨûݻȴаƣǰɫͷӽϸоһ˿Ե
ö׿Ʊֺɽ֮дɽ
ö
뻢ں϶ɣǺö
˲󣬼ûκѪ𶼸ɢ硣
潥Ϩʧûл棬Ҳͷҫ۽â
ܿâҲȥֻһͨƯ
˿Ҳ޷ӸоԼϢ
ɣ˰ɣ
Ȼشӽ״ǰǵԲλͷ˸һ˿˿â
Ŷ
Ȼͻһ˿˿âʶ
Ϊ޷ӽϣоϢϤԾ
뻢ں϶ɣ뻢ͲǷȻҲǷδ취ӵѪ⣬ٺ٣ҿʰһֻɿ󻹲Сһ
ںϳɹҲǴá
ϴ󣬿취ɿֻһԶ紫潹
üͷɿɱˣ
Ȼˣڻûɹ㴩֮󣬴߶Ѫҿͷٶȼӿ죬ɿ࣬Ҫһ֣
ҾͲˣ
Ҳû
һһ֮󣬽ͻȻɳ˲
ͷκϢױڷɳǰ˲仯Ϊơ
ЩһɹɵذһƬƽΧ
ˣ
Ȼˣõشϡ
ð¹ŵúһŶһζͣ޲ɱֲǷоǷǳĺñ
ֻһҲ֪ɱǵʺң
Ȼð¹֪֮գָŽףöоκһӽͷš
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¹浱￴׷ɱɽˮͷٶȡ
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ǿոɿٶ£׷˺ѣǿнǿ˺ӡ
ۿٹãֻҪﵽףɿǿ֮УͷŹƽһ¡
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˭ֹһ
ֻһ±ƣϴţע⵽󷽣һüֺ
СҲЦ֣Ǿ֪ܣٶȻɿ׷ǲţҲõܳ͵Ϯ
ϷڲſʼҵǺԨǻǲǲţһƴˣ
浹Ѱ
¹ҲȻ࣬ͷ̤ŽϽΪǺӡ
ʱﻹֽܿ磿
ɿããǺӣ˷ûκһ磬ֻз籩Լ޾ʯ
·ˣ
һ佫ɿ˦ǧ֮⣬Ҳ֣ʧλ
Ҳκ壬ǺӣĵģҲǳΪֲһ档
̫籩ʯ֮и޷ֱ淽λ桢ǰ¹޷Ӧֽ硢ĽϢ
ҵüΪ꣬Ѱ׷
꣡
ɿû˿ƣΪޣҲǳ𾪣ԼޣǿҲͰˣΪμˣܳʱ䱣Ǻ֮пգ
żӡͷųȥɿΪƸܴ꣬ңԶǿ׷ɱ
ǰɰҴæûͷٶͱɿ׷ϣ
ʵԽǿ󣬱ԽСһ
ǽ꣬δǺԨ
ע⿴ǰǺʲô֮
񡭡ǿձطΪڰ
ںϣҲڽ


1508 ǺԨ
̫ǺԨ˦ɿ󣬱׷ɱ治ζ
ңԶǺӣȻǷ·ͷһƬǺʧȥǹһ㣬ǹ졣
ǲǿˣ
ɵȰ¹￴Ҳһ
ִӰдСӣƬǺ֮УһǺԨֻǲ֪һСԨǴԨŻа£Ǿȥ￴
£
һ֣ȻܿɿǸ죬׼ģ
Ȼʯϳ֣ԽԽ顣
ǲŷԭƬǺӱطڰʧȥâ̫ʯԵʣƬâڸǣȻûйߡ

ʯ֮УڰǺӣǰŻǣһǰһƬǿա
ϴ󣬿쿴һף
ӦΪ츳֡
Ϣ䣬¹δʲôֱܿһϸϸ·Ŀ⡣
һף
޶ǺԨӦһеԨòСǺԨǺԨԽСԽԵִϽ磬ԨСᴩݺǺ
׾ǺԨ
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ȻԽ˲ڿסǺģ
ǿɲף
һǹѷ죬֮ߣǺ֮ݺǺ֮£̫ˡ
ǹѷտʼһ˿ߣ˿֮ǹ˿߿ʼŴ󣬽ſһǺѷ졣
⣬ԭЩˣŽǺԨԨ滷ӣӵһЩǺǺԨ㿪׷ɱ
󷽣
ɿʱʱײһЩʯҲһѷ죬¶־ŭ֮ɫ
һޣ֮ⷲУһϷˣץסǣνһˣ
ŭ
֪ɿǲһԹ
һǺѷ졭
ٶǺĦΧǻ֮УڼǺ֮ѷ죬һǹռڡ
ѷͷ΢΢âֻʮɣڻܿҪ֪ǺӣǺټһʮɿâʯǺ֮УǴ롣
ѰǺԨ治ף
¹Ҳþ뾪֮Уһǵһμ˺һĻǺԨίʵ棬㿴ѷ֮Уڲһ磬ǷЩ򣬱ڷ֮Уγɶռ䣬ǺԨӦþ࣡
׼ǺԨҲ֪澿Ǻε磬֪һ㣬Ȼգ鷳ɿ󣡡
ˣ
ˣ
ƻΪǻǺԨǰǺԨһ澵ӡ

ǻˣӺڰǺ֮⣬ǿƷǺѷ졣
һγƣ𵴼ġ
ڼϢ֮һжʧˣϤǺš
ǻ𽥽ʧȻǺ֮УΧǺâǺӸΪǿһЩƯŴʯеʯǳ޴
ǡ
ּͬʱſǰÿ϶𺳡
ʯâﾹһƬâٲһǺ֮ٲͬٲǴ϶£ǵǺٲǴ
γһǺٲֱƬǺϷͷ
˶Ǻٲ𺳵˵
ҶһͷˮΨɹž޲˵ɣѾǺԨǺԨ룬Ҳ֮ΪԨȣֻȥâ֮˳ƶϣλǺȥλǺӣ
Ԩȣ
ԭȥٲâԨȡȥɽ硣
棡
˽Աؽ𺳵˵
ɿˣ
밵нּ֮ˣٷԨȡ
ϵ󷽾һƿȻɿ׷ˡ
һɿ󣬵ûбĿ⣬ǡ
¹ľͷҲ濴󷽣һ̣Ҳûȥעɿ󣬶ǿźϷ
Ҳһ
˿źǺѷǷĲǺӣâһ㣬⻬ɾûһ˿ʯʵĻһ澵ӡ
ǺѷڣٿΧټǺԨ磬ǱһǺӾĹĻҲ˵ǺӸγǺԨʱա
¹棺ҿΧĻʵһ֣Ʒ硢Ľ硢ֽ־ڣǺԨټǺ֮У
ţ㣬û𣿡з֡
¹΢΢ǺԨһ˿Ϣ¶ϲȻ΢ѵǺԨǰ㣬
Ǻӣ
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ࡢľݡʾγɵ
Ҳ֮ԴŵԷܡ
ǿΪο£ֻǺ֮ûǺԶû
𺳵ǣǺԨ֮УȻһ˿˿ֻٷ֮һҲ㹻Ϊ֮𺳡
ζţǺԨ֮УУʱ䶺άġ


1509 ɿ
¹ܴ֮󣬹ȻΪδ֮أһ֮ͬã֪жܵȥ
ӦΣգǺԨâԨȣСģζԸɿ󣡡
޷ɣ
ɿٶֵõǺ֮⻹Ҫһ
ȥֻһս¹źҹ֮Уǰ¹֮ɫɿ׷ɱ
ҲϢںϣ϶ãܶԶʤ
ɿǺԨٶȸΪˣȥһʱҲ׷
ã
ǺԨλá
ٴα𺳡
Ԩȡ
ǰǵǹٲһ̾һ޴ת̣תٶȲ졣
һ⣬˽ԿԨȴ̣СǴʯϣȻɭ֡
Ǻ֮Уһ֮أ
ܲ˸о
ԺɣСǺԨӵһЩҲм꣬ʯҲῪɭҲΪ棡
ʶ˹һ߶ȡ
̣
Ԩȷɱȥһ̣Χʯ֮УȻһ˿ʯ֮УӼǰԽ
һӡ
洦ڸӦ״̬˿ԾȻǷ֡
棿
ָ˿СǺԨȻ
̫ͨò⣬Ƿɹ֮ʣһ˿ͷŵһɵԶβ漸ˡ

ɿǿƶײʯһδο˾Ƥ£ȴһδδ
ʱԨȡ
ǰԨȾһڶ̬ʯһ
һһ𣬶ܲҲһЩǣ뷲һЩյؼΪơ
߶ʮһ˼ȥԨȣԽʯǰһƯʯɽԼһЩɽ˵һͷһʯϿȡ
ӣܿɿҲԨ֮Уһ˫ɫͫסٴȥ
һ̣
ʯϿ֮Уڸ߿գоǳ
֮ǰΧԨȣýڲһӦǿɽԨڲ͸оκ쳣ϢΧʯɽ֡ɽǰģоâת
棡
ţӦһȻʯƿأγһַ״̬Уͽ뷨ռ䣬Ҳ޷Ӧⲿ
֮أԨȣҵȥɽͨ¹ɻͶĿ⡣
н濴ңǺ֮ȥǺԨϷɽ罻㣬ȥɽ֮ͨǰǺѷֻ࣬ɽѷǺԨ˶ʱʱŻֻ֣ȥ۷壬ͷŸӦһɽѷ֣ʱȥбɣ
ԭˣǴӴ½ȥִ뿪½ǲģ
СΪ˷ܡ

ִɫ⣬ɿһαϾ
һգһʯɽ
ԽϿȣɽ֡¡ͱڡ
Ȼɭ֣ԸӦϢ֮дֻкܴ֮ͬ
һʱ䣬ʯɽֶɿ׷ɱèץ
Ѱյֿ»ɿ׷ɱ
ϧֻʯγ̬Ⱥɽֺټ磬ûһյǰ㣬ܶɿ׷ɱ
治ɵüͷȻԨȺûеطܹɿǻֻӲӲ
û취ˣɣ￪ʼ
ֶ԰¹ɿޣһսɰգǾܵȥԸҪʩչϻ֮
зӣҾʹ˼ɱҲУ
Ȼ¹ʱҲûа취Ըһޡ
Ψϡ
潫ҾۼһԪɪɪɿ̫£ʵٶȽԳԽһأһʵҲɱкһʩչֶΣΧͬʱȥֻҪ֡ȥǾѹ
Ŀһ
ʱһƬΧʯɽգΧƺûκڡ
˿Ȼͣ
ߣڲˣǵǴ֪ͨǺԨӷȥɽ磬ϧҪȥɽ磬Ҫͨɽѷ죬ɽһ̣ޱΣգǷԳɽ֮һɱʱ̣
ɿգһͣ£ɭɭΪʲô֪飬ҲӲɽѷ죬ٳǣû뵽Ҫҷָʤ
ţִͷħɷ֮忪ʼըѣΪ𣺡С󣬿үү½ΰƤ
ɿҲͷŴһͷħ֣ɽ磬㶼Ĵڣϧδɣ֮Ҷ֣
˵꣬ڽɫâ֮£û뵽ͻһûΪһۣʮ곤ꡣ
ֳһڱ
һɽ


1510 ǿɿ

桢¹˭뵽ɿڶ̶ʱ䣬Ϊһİ꣡
ֳһɽ
˼ɽ
Ǽ˶ԣ׺䶥Ȼǵ͹ɿʵ
ƲƲ죬ˣٺ٣ǿ״̬Ҵ̫Ҳһʿ
ȷмҲ˲䣬淴һͶæ

桢ţݺᣬץɱɱơ
ţֻΪ桢Ǳȥ
һͷħɷͷޣҾͽѹԺɽ磬ҲΪҵū
ɿ鲽һΡ
ǰգǰ벽ա
ۖ
ɽͻȻγĴֲв
ɿ󵱿վһɽɲͬɱԴǿʢâһɱâһն޴֮ţ֡
ħȦ
ţץסħȦֿޱɱ

ɽħȦײ˲䣬һɱ¡һȽħȦֻţ޴壬ݺݵײɡ
ʵʵ걬ţ
գ¹һ㿿
ɿһУͽħȦѹƣţ֣Ϳɿʵǿţʮϡ
ţӵħȦ޷߶ɱһвУֻ˵ɿǿ̶ȡ

һ
ֻнƽâɱгಭ׽
ֲãĵĿֲ졣
ಭ׽˲䵯ħȦһ޷ֵһУƳಭ׽棬Ҳˡ

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ٺ٣һССǲģ
֪ɿ󾹵ЦһߣһϮǳ뺮һɱɽ
һײͬɣɽҲ޷ƿء
СжѪɫɼԷһ̺
ħɷ֮У
ʱɱţ֣
ɿԺ֮ʣţʱѹһɺɫС
žžž
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Ψˣ
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ҲʼˣΧסɿһ̣ͷѪɿʱ
ﲻɿ֣ȥɿնⷽǿ󣡡һЦǧѪͷŶȥ
¹û뵽Ѫ˲һ̺۷Ҳ׼ɿ֣
ȻܸùһʼҪѿ
ͻȻ䣬¶ǸЦݡ
Ц¹оӦ
׻ȥ
սӡһȻ׹ҫ
߳߳
ץ׹⽣߶׻һ׽⣬ſֲٶɱ򣬴Χɱ֮еɿ
ʩչԻ𸣵ءƯһİ¹ʩչϵͨٴ𺳡
ٺ٣ҵ캣ɱ𸣵ǿߣȡʶչģ
аȣû뵽¹֪Ļ治٣ƶƷŴԺ˽⡣
߳壡
׽Χɱ£Ӵƿأ׼ش﹥֮С
Ѹڽϡ
Ϊ淲۷ʵһȻشꡣ
û뵽׹⽣ɱ޷ǵâ
ȫһû˵ɿֺ
žžž
ּɱɽâΧɱʮ
һͽħȦɽಭ׽𿪡
Ե
ɿͻȻ棬¸ǧף˫ͫҲռ飺Сӣ͵ϮСүͷСʰ㣡
١
ԶԶֶɿ⣬濴¹޾ޣʩչκʵ֣ͨ˵Ըֶף
¹ϻ侲㻹ģܶԸޣҿûɱֻɼʩչɷ已̥Ҳ˲ޣ
ٺ٣Ȼа취ԸȻûо԰գٲᱻնɱֻС󡭡
ǵóǿɱסɿ󣬸Ͻ֣һܣͻ᣿
Ҳ˼ͷע֮УֶԸޣһ˲Ƕ֣Ǿһϣˣ׷ǺԨ֮ǰɿ£
ɷǣƷŴִֵˣλֵˣ
ɷǣ˭˺ãܱܲһܾɣԹʰ
صһЦ
¹һʱǰɱײտ
һ̣
ţֱ֡߶ħȦಭ׽ɽɱϸޡħɷ֮ԦɱͷԼĪһɱΧһδɿ󷢶ɱ


1511 ֶͨβ
һײ
𻨽Ƭʯɽգɿɽǿʮ㣬һ˿ɽɱΧɱ޷֣
ϾɱޣҲɱĴڣ
ͷСʵܴΣɱȻǹɱɿȻδ⶯ŭ
Спɰ棬һɱڣٺ٣ʰǺö
ɱֻҪУʰǣ
ɱâ
ɿץһƬâΧǿվʼâ졣
Сģɿͷޣͨ裬ҲǷˣ
ɿʩչֶΣ¹ţ󷽣
âܿΧǺӣִӶǺ¶ߣһЩ
¹ΧǺӣ¶ȶȻɵðо裺ҪʩչֶΣǣ
ȻԦ򣬷Ǿ͸ӱСֻصؿ¹
С
֪¹һ档
С
صһЦȻǰȥһɫӰӡ
ԭСɱ¹΢΢ָ
ɿͷâΪΧ¶ȻΧһ棡
ǿɲ𣬶ɻ𰡣
ʩչɻɱĻ桢¹ܶԸɻ

һͨմɱ𵴹ƣɱƶһɱɿš
Ŷоƣ
ɿһΧӿȻʧһƳǰɫӭȥ
飡
ɱһɿ󵱼ˣǲϻûľ
û˿ܵɿӰ죬ǿƻûܿͳΪţֻ޴һЩĹ
ҵ֡
ɿ
ûˣۣʱʧȥ֪
һ𵴣ɿܵӰ졣
ֵΪңȴ̫Сɿǰʩչ޼᲻ݣѹ
أ
һȻֻ΢΢˵ɿ
ɿǿ̶ȣδֲ̫Щ
¹ȴϲѣС󱦱Ƿ΢΢ѹһôơʤȪɽ⣬ǵʯ񣿡
ȷȪɽǵʯ񣡡
ҵһμʯҲòǷоãϧ޷ҳܣû뵽ˣ
Ϊһδִ˿⣬λ֣˲ɱʱ
ʯҲУֻҪȥܰޣ
һ̣¹κλɡ
ףҪԽԽã߶ʯҪӴƿ

Ű¹ϸ˫֣һ㣬ΧΪǿʢ߽һ
ʱ¹ƣȻҲ΢΢͸žӡ
оԷϢܲһ㣬ֱӡҲ޵úܲӡ󲿷ǿߣ
ɷӵһЩԺٻҹӡ֮У¹һŮ
ȥ
õ¹ӳ֣氵ҲͷŶȥһƾ
žžž
ɿ󱻾ɣһʱɱɱΧɱɿ
ɿмǱոɽһɱһƣɱǾ˺֡
ɽ
Ϊޣܱѹƣ
֮£ɽҫۡ

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桢¹źǺεȽ
ɽǾ
һ𵴣
֮ΧǺըóֶٿֲɺڶ
㽫ɿҲУٴ֮ܵ𵴣ɽҲѹһЩ
ռƣ
ѪúøԾȻģֿƴѪɿǧ֮â
ѪâҲɣܡ
ɱɱɱ
桢ţֳžڳɿ
ɱһͬɱȥ¡ײ£ۻ⡣
ֵǷˣ
ɱײ֮еһδ߶ɱ⡣
ȥȥһײ
ͻͻͻ
һɲǼ䣬һɱΧɿ
½֮εȱֲɱ
ɱٴǺ飬֮ΧʯɽɭָΪƽأʯҲڱ
ɿӾ֮£ǱһθΪǱѪһɹӿ
ˣ
أ
һڹ⣬ɿˣոմӾһ䲻⣬ػɿ
һǺѪħȦߣ޲ýţָˡ

桢һһңɱɽ

ɽɱ˲䣬ɿ˫ͫ

ɽಭ׽ɿϷɽס
桢պ÷ɿͫͻȻŴΪ

˲ɱ桢һֲ


1512 Ѫƴ
һӰưħȦһд϶£ɱɿ
Ǽ桢Уˡ
ģմ泤Х

һţ֡
ħȦҲɱɿǣɿһâͳͳ顣
ٿţ֡桢֮Уյžը죬ߣҲ޷ϨֻһЩ
ɿӿѪɱϽ֮ɵ½һ磬ɻͷСѰ
ء
£׷ײҽС

һӰþ
ӰΪ棬¹ҲһƮ
ץƤ«ﱻգһ֮ʹȥţǰ߶«ͷơ
ţû˿˰ɣ
ɿҲûɱҲ˶á
δȥһʱԸ棬Ǳŭؿž
Ǿˣûо桢¹ϻ֮˲
ԡ
һ½ܴܵ裬ȻҪֻġ
ˣûȥɱ档
ųɽɱȥ

沿һʱǻҫ
ɿɽͬնһһɱھ沿ͷ
˿ҫ䣬ɼɽԵơ
ʩչɽ㻹ƾ񣿡
ԶԶһĻ¹ľ᲻顣
У޼ɽȻ޵еĴڣ񲻵ɽ¹Ҳ滤ס
պþɿעνţ«֮У
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ߣҾͲţ޷ɱ½ʣ
ɽٴκݺɱоϰΧһɽƳֶٿֲѺۡ
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ϰ뽣ûȻּɿΪǱɳ
֮ǰǰţŹ沿û˿ơ۵ľʱɿĽԱͿգ
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󲿷ھΧʧ¶˿һ̣ɿһѪ
ЩѪΧѪɣһЩѪְڡ
ϴ󣬶Բ𡭡
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Сӣ
ɿӰʯɽ֮ǺӸ߿գӾֻ½ɫӰը
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ɱһ˿ֲһ¹ȴȻһء
䣡
Ȼɱǰʮɣͱһɫײ飬ɿ趯ɽųɱ
ɿɱ԰¹ƣٶȱһ룬ɻڱûͷС㣬棬ʰ㣡
ɱ
Ӻ͵ɱһơ
һ̣Ҳʱ߶֮Ͽ§Ű¹
ٶȿɱǱؾĶ࣡ɿɵžƴӺֻܡ
ָȥǰ
¹ɽ֮УɭΪڻ˦ɿ˵
һʡǰ糾
ͬʱҲһɱһ֮ɿͻȻһڵɭ֮С
һը죬ٻǳ𣬶ٹһ̱ըѣΪֲǣǻΪ棬ΪһƬܷһ

˿ֲ£桢¹Ǳűըȷա
Ҳ󲽳ɱɿһ׼񣬴˫ͫ
⣡
ձɭըѳ桢¹Ǳ֮ʣûӦѱһɿɱΧס
ͷһâΪ
ž
žž
˲䣬Χ̱ըһ̶ٻ棬ɽһ׳ۡ
桢¹ûɳԶͱЩըûУûƤ«߶̺âһ޻棬ҲյԪսĶڱ
˽ɫ԰ף亹ֱð
ɱ
±ɻѹȣȻƾɱɿ
Ƶȷãɿٶ̫죬񷢶ƣһȥһػأֻܴŸ޷ش
ɿһֱһ桢¹Χճپɻ
̡žž
ɺһ㱻յ飬潫Ѫڣ޾
ҲڱԵİ¹һ־


1513 ʰɿ
޾һѪ¹״ԺתһЩӾ֮УӦɿ
ֵһǿޣ
ݣ
û뵽
һСʮһֲɽǽǱ𾹴ջ棬ɱ档
꣡
ʱɽơ
ŷɽɱʶ¹ƿ
Ҳһһƣûв¹

ɽ˲š
ƿһԶİ¹һ̸εѡ
ɽ޴߷ɽơħȦɱʮ
žžžΧ˲顢ըѡ
ĵҲը鲻٣оһ̣ڱҼûκη֮
¹֮ʣҪɱڼɣûзҲɻ֮УյơҲճһɻ
Ա⣡
ɿЦɻ֪˰ɣϧˣ֮ǰֻ棬û뵽ܱƵڷͷȫ˵ɱǷˣնɱˣҲ⣡
ۣ
һѪ
ɽδɱ͸š
ɽ·ǰ¼䣬ϡŴһ΢΢Žɫıףɽ档
ôȴδƱһ˿
˼Ӳ̶ȣܻסСȻĻϡ
ɣǲǵöлң֮ǰ͸߹㣬뻢ںϣشջˣҸ㻤˵ֵͼɽǸ߼ɽҲ޷ɱ壬ɽһֻشֻܱ޷ȫ
ࡢлǰ
춯˼£滺̧ͷľ˺Ѱ߶ѪնԼֵҩԴ
ȻҵɽȻûնɱһˣһ֮⣬𵴶ɿŵ
¹滹ţҲɻգ߶κηֻ𵽼Ϣãϱճơ
£ټ£Ҫ֪ҵͻȻһУɻ֪õ
ûзнױ沿˫ۡ˫ҲܿյƤ
ɼɻ
ᣡ
ɿͻȻ֪ɱ
سҲ࣬ſ죬һҧ沱ӡ
Ҳ֪ĳֱ壬Ǵ󲿷ֱǲܻסԴЩ߲λ
ɽ
ɿҧҲҲ˲䣬ո沱ӣû˿֮
һĨͨ⽣棬ӳ̳ûκơɿûз֡
ɱ棬˺ûᣬشֱɻסȻҪһ̣ٶȴﵽ£ǿɱ档
ۣ
һڸոҧϣɿͻȻһ⽣̴ֻ沱һ˺ۣͷɡ
ɽ´ˡ
תɿ󣬶ⱦִӴصڣʹɿһĨ䣬𣺡ѹ

ѹ֡
ѪܵɿӿѪæһУȻҪߡ
ܲ
һӰмʲôɻ̤նɻ
һָ֮ɱɿ֮µɿû뵽ٻܴﵽ֮ǰһزǰȥ
ѪһЦ䡣
ಣ
һɫСɿһɳ
أ
תۣСҲϵڶСһ䲻⣬ٶ־Գɿ
һƻɿϣֻСĻʲôޣһƾͱδ޴󻯵ڶСķɡ
Ϊǣһ޴֮ľ񣬾
ɿ̫ˣûκ߶壬֮УպþҲѹϡ
һ¡
һƣĵ˷Χɻ˲󲿷֣¹Ҳɡ
󲿷ɻʧɻҲӰӣڶСѻص䣬һұѹסա
ͷָһץɿѪģץָ֮С
ǳɽС񶼸߶⻹ҵһζԸˣóеƣ
Է֮ѹһޣ
񻰰
ȴ˲ֻ΢΢ɰˡ
ףѹ޿ɲǿʵǿԼɽ󱦱ͲɱޣҪնɱ
¡
ûȥƾ񣬶ɿץסɿҲܴӾָ֮ߡ
ϽԶЩࡢɻ𡢷籩֮С
ǧ⣬ɭ֮һƬ֮УǱͷƣٷĨȥ
¹󲿷֣޷ս»ס𲿷ɻ
Բƽɻ𿪣ָ¹µҩ
¹֮ˣֻ沿õģطҪλѪˡ
æûһոµ£ڲɬæ˷ҡû£ֻأ


1514 Ҳ
ѱѹǲżҲõģ¹˽ˣɻƣɲͨϡ
໥һƬɭ֣һû˲ߣץסѪɿ档
ȲһԨȣؾϡ٣ɶٻһ֡
Դ࣡¹Ҳóֽ磬ͨӵԴָһ֡
˲ɣԴҲ𽥿Ѫ𣬲ɾ̾ɻƣָܲףƣԿڻָٶֻʱһٶȣ
ǲˣǷˣԷ֮֮ˣȻԻָģұң¹ţȲЩƤһ˿˿ʯճһ
ˣ
ҲòȥԪ̫࣬š沿طһճˡ
ҲһʱעƤ«ڲռ䣬Ҳˡ
οȫûڵɺڲϿָٶȣȻǰһ
£ǵȷԶԿָƣǾͳˣ
ֻɱУ·κɱڲҲǼΪϡٵģУҲںϣ
㲻õģ
صЦЦץһЩҩ
ðһ˿˿°ɫϢ
뵤ҩʼںϣð¹ţ㾹׿жˣӦϽ
ʵҲãֻɱںϣҲ֪ΪΣɱڲҿԿһ֣
˻崦ʹ֮С
ҩҲںָ¹һ֣浱һЩʣµĸɡ
֮ںϣ֮ʼڣҲʼӿָ
棡
ͻȻɱڣߣǿָʱʰֻ󣡡
û£ȥ״̬µİ¹żɵ֮ɫɿ
Ȼû£ֻˣ˵ĻҪأֻһ˿˿ѹƱⲻɱһغ
ҲӿһЩѪ𣬿ָ˳
Ϊ˸߾ǰɿֻвһߴСһƤ
⳶ɤӣһ۰¹һȣ˵СװҾɽƤˣһëΣ
𡭡
ã
ɿ΢΢һһҲûУ۾Ѫ־ؿ棺𡢱ɱң
ԭҲˣһһĻ¹д㵡
ҡޣҲҲţδΪһǧɱңҿǳ
һ·׷ɱҶϽ½磬ִƷ׷ɱĽ磬ֽ磬֮ǰƷҧң
ǶӷҲܷƸԱߣʵǿ̫࣡
Ǿͱϳ
ҳ
ǾͷűԪҪֲӡڣȻԸһ
˵꣬ɿɪɪţͷһԪ
ΪһֻɿԪ
СǧΪԴϹĵػ棬ѪΪӣһԪӡûɿԪ
ޣһֻͨ󣬶ҳ˹
ˣӵɽɽȸңʵٻ㣡һɨ
һ׷ɽɿ΢΢֣浱Ƥ«֮Уӡ
ɽɿʱ߶ɽϮ棬ơͬھ
ûɽɿǿ󣬵͵Ϯ棬Ҳһ淴Ӧڡ
¹֤̣һμ޷ֶΣεȷӡԷ֮ӡһޣ
ϵףϲշһͷޣޣ˿Ҳκ㣡
Ҫȥɽ磬ޣҾͲϹӣɡ߳ɿ˳ȥɽ磡
ҲǴģշһޣҪݡ
һƳɿ󣺡ҵ㣬ǲ֮ǰƷҧһڣڱϢǺ֮׼ȷҵң
ǣմȾҵϢȻܸӦ㣬ǸӦˣɿûһƢ
Ϊʱ⸱ģκһͨʿҲȡСʵ
кܶҪ㣡
ڻָ֮УҲָܿ浭ɿһؼģ˵˵ˣ½Ŀģ
һжҪ˵йʱ֮дĴһͳɽ硢ͥϧйǸʱ֮û䣬Ҳ֮һ
û䣬еķҪһЩôϹʱ˵֮У鴫ȻƶɵķӵʣƳΪΪǿԴУҳ޳һݾ˶ͥλˣҲ֮ǰˣһֱõǼ


1515 
ʣ
ʵҾʲôҲ̫һҲ֪Ĵڡ
ǴƷǼɱ
ǰʱɱƷӵһƬƬ˷Ӧݴ󷨣ӷ̨ɱɳƸ½
˵ɱ
ͻȻͷââ֮Уһϣڵ۹ܼ͢ˡ

ոռ˵һۣɿ˾˫ͫ롣
ɿ󼤶ӡ֮У߳Ҳˣ˵õǿƬǴ֮Уر֮һ
Ǳû뵽ޣҲ𾪡
Īǡ֮УǼɱ¹ҲҿɱƺûԼƺһ
üͷҲá
ɿͣˣɲɱǴᵽɱ
ʲôʲôô
Ҳ֪˴δôܣ˴Ǻ֮ץסңѹһЩΪΪѰɱҲŸ½磬Ҳ׼ȷҵƷ磡
һ˿أ˴ˣȻŲܣ
Ҳ֪жء
˿أǺö˵ܣԺΪˣȥ˽Ҳ١
ֿɿ󣺡һ֪뿪Ʒúξ棿
һߣ˾ҵѰ䣬Ľʱ䣬ƷִˡŴƷ½ץͯͯŮ־һЩ½ԴŴһЩǿ뿪Ʒ磡
δִˣһͳƷ磿
һ뿪ҲƷٴִƿ֮Уִ˽Ѿƴ󲿷ЩҲִ˳
ôڡ
һֱڣ
ϴα׷ɱߵ̫æ֮ǰҪĦ졢ӡ޼һ־ͷһͬɽ硣
ϧ̫òڡ
ã˲δֱӳֶԸǱ½ϴ½һֱƶȥִ֮һ־ͷִŴҪԸǱ½Ҳף޼𡢰Ħ컹ͷٻĴ½ϣû̩ЩͷκҲԶԸڡ
һ
ڣ˻Ʒ磬ִˡŴֱӶڳ֡
װ׵һ
ɿˣƸˣɽһ˵λߵĶ࣬ǲⷲģȥַ磡
ץͯͯŮʲôʵ
ͯͯŮǺö޷ֱʳãƵҩƷתȵȡ
ֱʳã
ͯͯŮӵΪԪܶˡͻƣԪ˾ͷֱͯͯŮһͯУһеͻƵƿͯͯŮҲͻƣ
Щӣ
¹ûɪɪ
Ҳţˣ
ˣ˳ɽ磬ǷǳǣЩǿǣרŴСЩͯͯŮע뷨ЧҩɽʵҩûгЧãɽܶطרŹȡȥЩˣרŷǿ߷ãɽǳˣħ塢塢֮е壬˸Ϊձ顣
Ϊ˷ǳʥ
Ҳû뵽ĿˣҼħ۸ʬ塢ʿΪֻħҲˣ
ʵ󲿷˳ˣڱУֻħ塢塢ԼһЩ壬ŻṫȻˣ˳ˣͯͯŮΪħЩطʲô˶ǳԣ˸ཫĳͯͯŮڶת޵壡
ɶ񣡡
˺ܿȥɽ磬Ӧɽ翴һ֡˲˲ܶ࡮˲ιһʵʵͯͯŮģ
˲
˲ι
ɿ˻һ桢¹໥ű˴ˣþ޷ƽ
ɽ磡
֮Уȫ磡
ɿԺͺúΪЧȥǰˣҾΨһˣһЩԴԼȥУɱˣͷʧѪģɿڻָɡ
ĸ췴
Ǳʰˣһ㣬Сɾˡ
¹ָϿ죬ƤƼȬˡ
ƻǷǳأͻȻһˣƸʲôʱ׷ɱ
Ҳ΢΢ָһЩɿ󣬼æش𣺡ʮ꣬ʮֽ꣬缤ŭˣǿ϶ɱ䣬ӶͯͯŮɽһʲƸ
ǿɳֶԸĽƼң
ǴӶĽ磬Ϊץס㣬˵ֽ磬ǾͷĽ磬ֱֽ磬ڶʱ׷ˣ
û¾ͺá
龪һҲɽƼңܺ


1516 ǿĹ
ǰװ׵һһĸɽƽƽһӡ
֮Уһʱʱš
ȻԶոսɻٽΧһЩ桢ɳ֣Ϊ˵ǣһѪߴӸ֡
ЩڷѰʲôһЩƬַȥ
ѪζгѪ
ѪһѪǺϢڡ
һɲ¶̰ЦݣŴӷƬɭ֣Ѫȴȴš
˻šҪˣѪ߹ֶϣǺԨڣκǿҲ֣
û뵽ڸԶһʯɽͷ
һ˫۾Ӻڰ֮иǰա
֨֨
ڣ
桢¹˼ָ˳ɣܿһЩ˰̡
ɿδѪȻǱޱȡ
Ȼ䣬һЩǹ֮УһЩϸ΢
˼ͬʱΧδʲôɵһЩӹǲſиֶ潫Χ
˲Ƚɿץ¹ͷǺǿ󣡡
Ǳ֮ǰսģѪЩ棡
žѴЩϣǿҾ綾
ߣ
ͷһ棬󻩻ա
˳ûӺߣЩ汻գҲڱ
һЩ䣬ȭͷСһȺԽ߿գ׷˽ֺ
ƺЩ䲢»
һ󼲷ֺ桢¹׷Ҳ׽ֻ֣
Ҳ֪Խɽ壬һɽȣȴ¹һ
ߣɼɽ֮£ԭһĹ¹ע⡣
зĹ
˲Լͬ˲أǰĹǼªüʯͷѳɣΨǰĹһʯĥɡ
ֽ֣磬óΣ
ĹԼªĹû뵽Ĺ󷽣һڵмö䡣
ƷֻһۣͿƷʡ
¹ָѰɫֽǿߣԶǺӣҵƬǺԨҲ֪ͨǺԨȥɽ磬ϧ
뽫ȡЩ䣬ӦǿǰԼģɵ濴£һȻ
ԭ֮£ʮĹϡЩĹͷһЩͷ΢΢⡣
δȡ¹ǰһЩĹϣдԸǺӣǰδλ硢λǿߡ
Ĺϸԣ˵ǺԨѰɽͨˣǰԼĹأײģǰƷڷǰڹײ֮
֮Ȼ֮Уǿ֪ͨǺԨԽɽ磬ϧҵ޷ȥɽ磡
Ҳڴˣ
֪ƬϿܣһЦ
⣡
˶һۣҲ˲ϷͷЩ
ϰձ䱸
ɽһ̣ͻȻϮǺ˾һɷƣһơ

ȻǺ
氵ţţ׼Ԩǿߡ

ǵƵ𵴣ɫˡ
˲֮УΪһΪªȫʯ̣һɫʯ˰Ĺ
һѪƣҲΪһһۡһƤǺɫĴ
¹ץƷ͸źһɨϢƬԨγһ壬ƬԨǺ꣬ʵ̫ǿˣãδﵽָ߶ȣڷ֮䣡
Ǵ𣿺ٺ٣ƻָɣҲ㹻ԸЩ׼ˣ֪Ƕթ
Ǹªʯ֣۾ĴѪʯ϶ʯ̣ÿһʯԼĪһ߳
۾ڷ𣬻ЦһһŮͨǺԨӷ̤ɽʿΣǻΪζͣ
һѪ۴һӣ³ͷ°ӣ֣еɱˣһһ룬Ůġ㿴ģԪ֮ǳԵһǴŮŮ˿ɱã
ɱˣ꣬ﶼڵĲֻ࣬Щ൱ʳǧ꣬пܣһʿҿɲǧ֮󣬲ųԵڶ࣡
Ůӣ񲻿ϧ
ѪϵܣԽӽŮҲа
ô¸ˣʯ̣Ʒһκʣܸ͸޷׽ŮˣҪŮģҪеģΣ
û뵽桢¹Ʒ
ѪɫƤѪƺǴѪɫƤֱӻûɣȻӣûΪһʮӣҲ޷ӿĿ
ǾͳˣҺҪŮģѪҪеģȫʯһɲ棬ͬŸո⿳ʳ
Ѫ³ͷߣСŮŮūɣɣ
¹δŭֻǽѹͣСҽǸˣ


1517 Ѫ
Ѫ˾ͷϣ͹ǲǲ֪ϹжСŮƬǺԨǾߣǵ̣ɲЩ磬ʵ־ܵĻźôү˵δԴɣ
滤ס¹ǹԣߣˣͷʯ֣ң
СҵģҺʰ㣡ʯ̹ɸߣ̫Ե棬һֻ⬣浱
ҿж
ʩչɱǰָһ㣬һ⣬Խա
ݣ
أ
Ѹײڶ֮ƣٶȳʣš
˲ըѣֻ΢΢һΣٶȱһЩûˡ
ǿСӣʵǲϧƺˣ֮ǰһĳ˶˰ɣȻˣɲŹ㣡
ֻǻָɣȫִ֡һУԳж
ġ¹ںѡ
ݣ
û뵽ʮʯ̣Ӻ罣ɱ
һӰιʩչռٶȣʮʯǰ
үүҪϿһѪֱʯ̴ʱһ˸Ŵۺ⡣
һ棬Ȼʮʯ̵̣÷׷顣
Ҫ֪ǶǼӲޱȵʯ
һʯ̿Ʒһʿ
ǰһɣͻȻץһⱦ
ǰЦСӣ㿴ЩĹ˰ɣǶȥɽ緲ʿЩƷûȥ֪ΪΪòŷ編ڷϽ뱾ΪУ
ɲһ
ۿһ̣ʯ̣Ҫ档
һʼǲ
ݣ
Ŀ棬׼ʣֳɽһɱ
ٶ治ϧκεҲ˲ʣ㻹ܶٴΣȻԿɽɱ
Ȼ޿֣ں
ȴص΢ЦţֻһɽȻ˲佫ʲӣնϡ
㡭ͷ­һʯͷӲص档
ۣ
ִӺʲѪ
ԶѪƤѪϵܣٳ־ң
ಣ
Ȼû뵽Ѫ۴һ̵Ĺͷųˡ
˿ֲʿ
ѪתһۣŵһѪ˰ֽһϽ
ɽǺǣƻƲͷͿˣܽǴ£Ѫа
ǿڱ̫ˣ֮ǰǿɽҪʱ¹ҲԽնͷ֮һնɱ˴㿴Ѫźܾ˾ӡԼһЩǿ٣İɣ
ùң
ͷƣͷ֮ӡ
ԴصϧӱӡǾˡ
û壬Ѫ޷桢¹æģǱˣˣ
ٺ٣ٽթҲõģ㲻Ҫ𣿡
ĸҳ㣬һࡣ
ִԽκһɣϧˣңʵһŹһС

һݺǺԨ֮ǰҪһ࣬ȴһ۸ģ
һ֮УȻʺʣƬǺԨͨɽͨ
ʼæش𣺡УҴ꣬һЩˣɽѷ֮Уȥ޻أҲ֪ɹûУҲ޷϶ɽѷһ˾ɽ磬ʿǲڴˡ
ɽͨںδ
ƬԨۣ֮һЩ׵ǺӣЩ׵ѷ죬Ҳɽͨɽֲͨ׼ʱʱһΣʱΣҲǧһҲûгֹ
һģ˳Եģ
Щ˰ɣϡ٣ҳҲ޷գһԼðգȥɽͨѷ֮УһԼ壡
Ŷ
û뵽һӵʽ
¹ͬʱһ㶣֮治а
䷢ʣ˵˵⴦ǺԨ
ǺӺܴ⴦ԨشǽӽϲƬشӵһЩǺӶһΪ䡯ĹǿģһԶɱκηʿЩҲҡ䡯ʿһѪ⣬ʿڲѡֳЩȻɶ䡯
䣡
һ֪ƬǺԨһʿ𣿡
ȻУŻʮʿԨǶڵȴɽͨ٣ֱɱЩרɽѷǸûȥɽͨһ̣Ϯ
ôãһҲûܽɽѷ죿
Ϊɽѷִ٣һԭɽѷ죬ʱֲ̺˺֮ԼϽ˽ɽѷһ̣ᱻѹһЩѷ죬ҲᱻնɱοˣԺܶǺԨ֪ɽѷǾͲٿֻͨ
ԭˡ
һڶǺԨ˴˽⡣


1518 ;į
ʲ־壬治ģҶˣ㣬ںϣпܻ
¹нţģЦʯֵǲͷ­ն£ȻܻʱҲû
Ԩ֮У꣬һЩԨɽѷ֮УӵһȥҲû
˵Źû˵ɱ㣡
㡭
䣡
ֻһƣںʾ䣬ݺݵš
Ĺ˲ûʶ
Դû뵽أ̰Ц£һƿԻָ˳ɣ
𣿡Щɡ
ʱͷâţ֡桢ƾն֣һȻĿġ
ۣ
һʬ壬һһ
һͷŶ컯ʼƿغʬ塣
ڵ֮УȫͷѪɫ϶컯ͷչʬ塣
һĻð¹ЩӦоһƵġ
ܿһŷ֮󣬻ΪһѪ˿ּóҩѪ˿ںϡ
һЩҲֱӿʼɣҲһ֡
Ѫ˿֮УһЩںڣͨСΪӡ
󣬺ʬʣƤңﻹδѪָֻɡ
Գ𣿡潫Ѫǽ¹ȴЩɻ
ϾǴѪ̷Ѫ
ȴ֮ӿ־Ѫ
İɣѪ̺ʣԣԱҾǴѱ
ҲŰ¹ţһɲǼӿһЩѪ
¹ٳһ֮ҲӿѪΪѪʼա
־ϡһ𳬹з˿ֲָ
ɿ㼸ŵҩģָ֮󣬺úΪЧ
ȻҲûɿ
ʵЩԸ⣬ҩãϾЩɵɿ
뵽ж䣬ԼʮǿߣԼֶҪɿЩΣգϾ޷ȬɿޣֻҪֵָܳزǾܳΪȥɽĵơ
ɿһѪٻָҲæɡ
ٴκȳ⣺Ҳ³֮ǰǴɱ㣬һˣޣӵɽ羫Ҳӵаȥɽ硣
Ҷһǰǰ󡭡ŵɿ£Ѫ
ɿԶǣɥģ

桢¹桢ţ֡ɿϣҲһ˿ˣ
ϢҲָɿȥҲǰӲࡣ
ǲǻָ˳ɣǻָɣϧֻɱһʣܶɱ˵ǾȬָֻ⼸ָֻܻһɣ
״̬¹׼ˣ
ûƤ«桢ţ뷨ռ䣬ǿڲˡ
ʹɿ뿪ӣԨȸ߿ֺȥ
ģԨٶȣѴԨвλá
ԽǽϲԨǺӣռԽҲΪϡ٣ϲֺҲû²ǰïʢֺϡϡ裬Ϊ
;ҲһЩĹʬǣƬǺԨʿǧˡ
꣬ܿǺӶ
ܼһƬǹ⾡ͷͷϷ
һƬžǹǺӣǺ֮۾âľϵֿ
֮˷Ӧ濴¹ǵþҵɽѷ죬浣˻׷ɱ
ǹѷ죿ֻܵȴţ¹ſռŶǿվͷһ㷨ӡ
ѰһЩʯɿϷǺӾͷȴɽѷ֡
Ҳ
һ߳һߣǺӾͷ
һ磬ԶǶǺӾͷ
ɿæҡСβͣɽѷ죬ˣѷ죬ͨȥɽ磡
¹ͬʱ̫ˣȥˣɽѷ೤ʱ䣿
һʱһ꣬ÿռѷж೤ռѷ쿴ֻʮɣֻܳһʱ
Ҳ͹ˣ
һʱȥ

֪ǸҪΧϷЩƯʯ㣬ʮʮ֮⣬һ˲ɳüӰ
¹ȻĪǾǺʿУЩʿ
ӦǰɣɽѷǾͱȻһʱϹȥҲգ;֮ãҲįˣ
;֮á
ٺ٣ʶããǺӣټ󷲽ʱ֮Уͬ·ȷ¶һЩ
ţ
¹Ҳףһɳ
ЩӰٶҲܿȥ
û뵽ֶߣ
ոճǺ֮Уû뵽߿ЩӰ˵һ
ӭλǶ飬;Ҳįˣ
ҪٶȣҲ֪ɽѷֶã
һ֮˵


1519 
λǲϺȵģ
߰˵ӰʮǺԵʣģϣо⡣
ҲϣҲЩˣһɽѷ죬һӷ紳ɽ硣
ģٶԽԽˡ
ǿ֮£âӰǰ̣ǺӾͷ
ӰٶԽԽ죬׷ϼˡ
û뵽Ƕٶ¶֮ɫ
ܿ¹϶ͷɿ׷Ӱͬһ߶ȣ໥֮Ҳ
룬¹ܴſԷߣͨȴǰ׷ԲԣΪﵽ۷壬ȴûжɽ١
ִϷЩӰ֮У淢мˣϾ紦һ֣֮䣬Ͼ粻ǵɾҲжɽϢ࣬޷ӵһֳơ
һɽ֮󣬻г֮ſԷɽ硣
Щ֮УжɽϢǾûһɣݷ
¹˵ϷЩˣӦǶɴʧܵɢޣ֮Ҵ޷ΪɢޣԶ޷ɽ磬ֻдǺԨɽ磬ܳΪɢɣ
ɢɣ
ԭЩ˶Ƕɽʧܣ޷ɽɢɡ
ɢɣҲӦǷ֮УΪﵽµĴڣҲʵǿĴڡ
ɢɳԽɾûԸΪɢɣΪɢǶɽʧܣԶ޷ɽĴڣڷˡ֮䣬ֻڷ統
ҲŹһЩɢޣҲһЩͨɢޣǵһμɢɡ
ֲЩԨȻһǲߡ
ӭλӪǧˣΨһĺߣ
ٶίʵˣʱ롣
໥֮䣬ܿԷò硣
߾Ӷ࣬ѮѮֻһһЩʮ꣡
һѮ΢ЦͶĿ⡣
Ψһһλˣд˾ȻܴѪΧɱӳ
Ŷ
桢¹һͬλˣҲһɢɣһеģһų
ɢɣǴ˾Ȼ֪֮䷢¡
˵ʱҲĳ
˷ǳݣλĪɣʱ·쳣ҸȥͼǶȥ뿪һᣬѪʳ֣ϲǶ֣޷ǣСļҲ˵ڣֻһ̣ѡһʱ
Ϊλ׶༪٣˭֪డΪǺԨ⣬ΪǿĴڣǿڴУ̾
¹ҲŶԷⷬ
Ѫʵ̫£ƳˣɢҲǶ֡
£κǣֻһӣ
ɱһ𣬰һԺƲˣְ˻Ӧһ

ˣպһʮˣֲʮǺۣ֮ٶȷǺӾͷǵɽͨ
ÿͣĸУȥɽ磡
𽥿νɽͨȷ֮ǰǺԨǵѷ죬һģһ
ͬǣɽͨҫâޱ貵ƿǿգһǿȿֺȥ
Ȼ
Ϊ¹һͬԨۣ֮һЩڵ㡣
ЩڵƺҲⷽ

мǿͻȻܿЩڵ㡣
֮ǰˣ˴λģӦǶ䣬̫һɽѷ죬ǹȥ
䣿
ԭЩڵ㣬Ƕ䣬ֲһǿ߸ıٶȣǶЩڵ㡣
Ϣ֮󣬼ÿǿͷŵͨԻϵΪ
Ҳ¶ݣǼһ߳źڡơְƣŷΪֲǣβŶҺ
࣬ɱɽͨͦģ¹ֻһٶֻ䣡
꣡
һͻȻͷŴ
ɱ̻ǿͷţΪ䡣
ֻȻûжܻ湥ƣһ£һҲûУֻٶܵ΢΢Ӱ졣
һɢɳ֣ԲǶ֣ǿ桢¹һ
½붾佻֣мܹ䣬±׷ɱҲϿɽͨ
ɳ翣ȴįѣ·ѣλȥһϣԵ춨
ɽ꣡
ܿǼˣѾɵͨǳǵ꣬ŸдķһУɽͨ
Ľʣ¼ˣѲĶ䡣
桢¹ҲʮֻĶ䣬ֻһͷ
ɱ˻š
纣˳Щ䣬յžž졣
Ϊôֻ֪ǶһЩˣǾȻǿƶ
ѡͷȴ֡
ǣǣ
汻¹ɲ
ʮֻ䲻ϱƽһ£ת׻׻˲仯Ϊϵ


1520 ߲
ݣ
ʮ׹⽣ʸɱȥ֮С
أ
Ϣͼ׹⽣ǳ׼һֻֻ䣬ֻǿһɣûˣּ˶
˷硣
漱ˣͷɿ󣺡ɿǲǶ֣
ɿҡͷˣʵ״̬ҲκβǣС䣬Ǳ֮ǰʻѲǾ綾ɱңҲƣ
¹ʾ濴ɽͨ㿴֮ǰɽѷǼˣҲֻֻ˷ɽѷ죬ʧȥֱ֪׹
ԭ֮ǰܿˣһߣһ˵׹£ֻʣȻһ̣ɽѷ졣
桢¹ǿ߷ɽѷһɲǣ˺ѻǻһ˵ѷ죬һǿͷһڱףŶУҲ֪
û뵽ѷ֮˿ֲһˣһ˴˲ܽҷɽѷ죡
ϧѷ쿪ʼʧˣ
һĻۼҪɽѷжѡ

ߣ
˴żɽѷʧҲη׷ɱߡ
ȥ¹ק棬ͷһƬ棬ǱԨ
ں󷽿׷ɱݲ˴Ϣ
֮ǰʮˣ緢ɷɽͨųɣڶ顣
һ˳ɹҲ֪ܲȥɽ硣
˳磬ֻȥһʱ˦䣬ֲ
ֻһУһȴһͨ֡
֮ǰĶΣ֮ã˽ԺóʱܷģڸӦ֮УɿҲһС
ڲϷѪϡ٣Ҳܱȳˣնһ
ģҲ֪Ƿ˯ţججĳԨȫû
߳߳
״̬£һףԨ֮ɱ
濴ȥһ׾Ȼһ˿߲ʹâһ߲ף
Ϊ߲ף
δţ֮ʣж߲ʮֺ档
ˣ
ȥͻȻʶ֮۲ŷԼ֮С
ΧǺԨʲô߲ף
ѵˡ
ϲ֮дɻ󣬿˫֣ȷǰθоεĻһ֣統εѩһ㣬Īǲ֮һһ߲ףǺӣ
ֶȻԨ֮ǺӣĪǽĳʱ̣һ߲ѷ죬Ⱦͷ֣
߲ףԨ֮ƿս٣ɽѷּһģһ
ٺ٣ǵ߲ףҵԵҲ̤ɽ֮š¹ֹͣ
¹Ҳ֪Ϊ˷ܣûжʣС뿪ƬԨ֡
ȥԼĪ϶ֺǰءδ֪ʯɽһҽںԪǷɽ¹ɵøӦǵԴ
¹˫ͫһ˿˿󣺡ʿϢһЩ綾
дãնɱɾƿԴ߳ɻָ˳ɣųɣ۷״̬̤ɽ磬Ҹбᣬȥ

ڻָƣǿΨһԴ
¹Ҳδ쿿ɽ
ʮͷŸӦ㿴һĻ
ɽ֮£Ưܾ˶ЩӼôͷųٿһĿŴʿ
˻ţֻ°ȫǾ綾ʿӦܳһʱ䣬忴ȥǹ죬ƺʬͣϸ˶Ӿ΢΢䶯иһ㡣
һ϶Ƕߣ¹ȥû뵽ʮֻӺһѨɳֻرĶ䣬ʿǰ
βͷһЩɫҺ壬ǿдʿ롣
桢ģǧף¹ֻŲ
Ҳо˼Ƥ񣺡ӦþǺ֮ǰᵽץסʿʿѡû뵽ˣ
ͻȻ۵һ죡
ֿԱʬ壬ﾹȻһֻ׷䣬ܿҲһֻ׷ҧƣӶ˳ʬˮһСһЩѪɫҺϴð
ЩѪɫҺʯʱð̸ʴʴһʴ
ܿʮֻ׷е˼£û˶
Ϊĵǣֻ궾䣬ſͽЩոճ׷һֻֻԽӡ
¹̲ס¸̫ͣˣŷͬҲɱ
ﾺķǿ߾һУһĻҲǧ꣬һĿá
˼ʶҲʹġ
ɽ֮УѲʲôʿ䣬츳˭ǿ˭ܻ
ΪǿʳƶʳҲ淨ǿ߿ɱκߣ½磬ȫνͯͯŮһġ
桢¹Ŀö࣬ܺòŻ


1521 ѩ
ٴο𣬻һǿߣӦþ֮ǰɽͨʧߣڶУ³
¹˺󣺡ʿɽٷʽɽ磬ͲףҪǺԨȥɽΪѣζڴˣ
ȥϷеȴѷ֣ܵһʱڶ֮ǰɽͨ
ܿ˾뿪Ƭڶ̣¾Щ
Ǳ䷢ֲֿ֣綾ѪҲ޷ơ
ͬʱһǺԨ֮⣡
ǳȣʯ֮УǺԨھͨڡ
ಣ
һħΪһƣԲɿٶȣԽʯ𽥷ǺԨ
ˣԴǺԨȥɽ磿
ڲ֮УһȹѩķѩһӺ󷽡
ԶǺԨڣѩ־־塣
Ӳݣ综˴󲡣ƤǣһƤΪ԰ףһԽüޣһɲɣӢ
ǰǺԨйʱ֮ǰңԶϹʱشǻ磬û̫෨Ҫȥߡ磬ǺԨ̤һأйʱʢܵάһʱգ෽ԷʽϽ硣
ܣ֪˽ɽ緽ʽ÷ʿ֪ܣ˶ѡǺԨɽ磡
Ϊ˶ԴǺԨɽ磿
ѵ𣿡
ǺԨֳ֮ΪǺ֮Ԩʱ֮ݱɣڲһƬǺ磬и壬ǳǿӵڷ֮ϡ֮µĿеˣҲϽǺԨ֮ѰһЩǳǺԨΪСĴڣϹʱʮ̤ǺԨֻһ˿ԳɹǺԨȻΪֲ
ԭ㲻ס
һѩþԻع
ʱǺԨǰ
ͷһаϢһˣ˾ѷ֮С
գۼ䣬˾ӵһЩǺ֮УҲǰ׳Ԩȡ
ѩļΰһĻǱͷϢߡ
쳣Ϣ棬ǺԨֵطʿԴȥ
ǺԨǺӣϽ֮ͶγԨ֮ЩһЩǺѰǳ󣬵ҪģкܶǳȫںǳϢҲԷǴڣӵ˵˼䡣
ýԨȡ
ԨȾһأȺɽֺҲбǿһЩ
Ǻ֮Уĳһء
˺ܿϲֺѩЩżΧããǹ⣬ʵˣɽͨ
ǲ԰׵ӣûһ˿Ѫɫɽͨʱʱ̶̿УԣʮһλΣʱάֲͨһʱϢҵȥϷҲǿ֮۵ȴ֣ͨ
ʱ·һƬɽƺʲôϢӽעͶŹȥ
ûȷѩʲôһǿдŷѩϢ֮Ⱥɽ֮С
ǡʿ
ѩΧû뵽һԨŵòᣬһЩƺΧʿ
ϸϸһŷЩ䣬ǽһҺ壬ǿй𣬻δǿ
ľѣ˻ţˣоǶҺʯʴһЩӣ
ֶΪ䣬ϹʱǺû뵽һԨǲ࡭
ƺáʿѡ
ţӺܾǰǿ壬ץС࣬ܺ
Ϊζ
ǺԨλ֮䣬ʮ֮һκӴ壬ҪΪ֣䷱ֳҲҪӴϡ٣ǱΪĸ壬ַܺܣúиߴʣЩԼѷֳûԼ̥Уյ¶𼣣
ֲá
ʱ˿̣ѩѲһС
ﾺǳ棬ǿʿҲΪǿϡ
û뵽԰ӽüʡ
ˣĪΣգѩҲΧ
вȥ
԰һڷѩոףͻȻʧء
գۼ䣬Ų԰أǰʮɣĿŴˣѾΪѪǡ
˱ʮֻΧ
ȡȡ
һʿ춼ԶҺ壬嶼Ϻ찵ߣæſŷѩ԰ӳϽȡ
ˣ
ʮֻҲˣ׷ĴͷžҺβһεʡ
Ҳ֪ŭ𣬲԰ӻ֣һƬѪɫħɷ෱ܺСǿڽ¶꣬ձڴˣ岻֮󣬱ظˣ
һֲֻֻ
԰ֻһĳѪɫħɷʮֻѪɫħɷΪͨƣɱħɷ֮С


1522 
û뵽ǣħɷ罬ǰУҿʼʴЩ֪־壬š
ñڻָҪһǼȻǿһǳζɿڣ
԰ӣڻɶѪҺĶ䣬һڣҲһָѩ¡
·ѩΪθڣ˷ܵڡ
㣬ʮֻȫһ³
ȡǣлʿû뵽ɱ䣬ּ԰һȡ
԰ǰȴĿڣѪǡѸãҲ죬˲ΪǶϣҿϤһĻĻ
󣬾ֹͣ
ж侫ԼУҲʹ࡭
žž
ּ԰֣ͷ
֮ħɷ֮ɣȻһڡ
ö׹ǣһЩƷѩһעΧڲԶһذ׹ǣ׹֮лһЩƷ
ʲôʱΪײˣضǣ
԰ӻĪȥЩ
ΪΣǼƷ
ڻǷˣõɵȥɽ磬ΪˣκηƷԳΪǿ󷨱ȥϽҲ֮ʱෲ籦ȥɽͳͳᵱˣ
ÿϧ
û취ѩҲֻ԰Աߡ
֮󣬲԰һƤѪɫ볣˻һЩ࣬ٸһˡ
߳壡
û뵽ϿǺӾͷããǳ·ˣһһ׵ǳ
ɽͨˣ
԰ͷϢƿطѩٷ߿ա
ѩ𺳿ǵ磬Ϣ·Ǻ֮У棬Ǿɽͨ
ѷܳһʱ䣡
Լ㣬˷ɳ֣ۣ֮ɿüӰǴķǵ׵硣
ѩ⣺ԭֹǣһЩʿ
ȻϹʱţϾһЩ֪ǺԨĴڣҲ⣡
԰ŷѩȥһ񣬶ȻҲԶƬƯʯǿա
ˡѩƺδ԰ӻ⸱顣
û뵽԰ӾȻ΢ЦǺǣˣƬǺ֮У˭
ˣˣѩȫһϧ޷ӦκϢ
԰һЦҵˣ
ˣҵˣ·ѩһͷˮλ硣
λ磬֪ǺԨ֮С
עӡƣΪƬʯ֮ˣһ棡
棡

ôʱ뿪Ʒ磬ڱ׷ɱƷ綼ΪУ̶̲䣬ܴƷ磬λ磿ûзλǳ֮УҵƬǺԨ
ǰС治
ˣǻ˴Ѫҵ⴦ǺԨʲôҲҵ
ӹѩ档
˲԰ӣ滹ǵһռȻҲռ˵ˡ
԰ӸֶܱУ߰ɣȥСӣл˵
ȽƳϢӡȻ֣
ˣƲѡߣΪƬǺԨҪȥɽ磬ֻжɽٷ׷ɱڴˣ
԰ֹ˴󷽷ʯ
ȻҲδȥںɽͨ
ʮʯǺ֮У
桢¹Ȼżٶȣɽͨɳ۶ȥ
¹ǳɻ󡢷ѽ⣺ҪȥΣʲôʱ֣ͨ
ҰɣӦûһ֣ͨһȲðգȴһλᣡ
Ȱ¹޴룬Ͽǵݡ
ˣ
û뵽Ӵþûжӡһ˲棬ڲӴ˸
аϢѩ˺󼸲æ
˲ӡһǣ¹żɵæʯȺ
һ̣ȴһŮ棬ôҾͶ㣿û뵽ܼ½㣡
ǣ
һٶһ¹ԾŰ˷ͻȻӰ̤ն
滤ס¹λҲɿ׼֣ǵİŮӣ޾̾Ե֣ߵﶼ㣬ѩ
¹ҲڿѩӣҲƬǺԨ
ѩڲ԰ǰ֮ɫˣҲû뵽½㣬㻹һ𣬿޸ǳǰ½Ʒһˣκӽִۣ˶ҲƲϼۣ
ᣬֻǽƬԨҪͨԨȥɽˣǣ¹ͬʱע⵽ӡ
ҪĴˣޱΣա
ѡ
ѩһͣ£ӭӲ԰ӡ
԰Ӿһˣһز֮ˡ
ƽ΢˻Ƶض˵ּˣõƷ磬ӡ֮һעⱲӣһĳԵ֣ĳϵ


1523 ҽ
ѹӡңºָ״̬¼ķħۣһѪʶ̫Զ
ģҲٶ㣬ڣ֪ΪΣҸоһϤϢǸ˲ţѵõ˲ţҪ֣ƿټǬ磬棬ҴӦһУҪκһУ
Ŷ
ȻԷԼģ
Է渵вܣвȻɱ㣬緽ѩҲʣҲûж˶õλŮӣҲŲǱʣߣȥ֮ۡ
˼ΪҪɱңȻ㲻ɱңҾͲǵˣصҹҵĶľţǾˮˮΣ
ԺúÿǣżشңҾͿԸɻᣬҿɴǴͨȥɽ磬塣
ãǿԿԼ
޷һ棬ֻǳ⣬úÿҵĽ飬Ժףüַǵӡ¸ͥҶҵ㡣
԰˵꣬Ȼûһ˿ִ㡣
ѩȻҲȰ˵ߺ棬˸˻ᣬҲǰӣҡ¹˸ˣδ¶ǵģǲ֪ͨ󣡡
˸־ΪѣѩҲϣɽʱһԷָʤȻû˿ȥɰ
ڤ粻
÷ѩֱš
ʱһƣŷѩ񷣬δ桢¹Ӧֻʣ²Ӱ
ҽ졭
һ̣桢¹Ժص԰Ԫ
졭
˶һۡ
̧ͷǿվͷֻܼǲӰٷɽͨٶȳΧɢɡǿߡ
ж֣ѩҲ쾶ֱȥǹƺţֻΪɶȥǻ벻¡
һʯ֮С
¹޷ƽ棺졢ΪθоһʿǣһһʶһѩˣҲ
˵
֪Է¹Ϊ𺳡
һ鸴Ѫ⣬Ѿܽ͵ĸ߶ȣ
ȷǿ󣬺ڴ֮ǰһֱ취Ҷ֣ҵǿ͸쾿Ϊ£ң֣
Ҳԣ˲ţҪ£㣡
п죬ǿʵѲɡң
֮;ҲٹµͬƷķѩͶЩŴȾͷҲȥɽ磬ãã;δ֪һ־Ϊ֧Ҵͨ
;ȻįڶپͷǶɽΪҲѾɽ٣ҿһʽɽ磡
ҵһɻ󣬷ѩȫԿɽٻ𣬷ɽ磬ΪҪð촳ǺԨ
ⲻڷѩӦ죬ˡʲôܰɣ
һ
Ȼ䣬Ʒҽǿմ
˷ԭǿߣ׷ɱǱǿӻƺһΣûһ˳ɹɽͨ
ɽͨһʱʱѾʼʧ

Ӧ˳ɹɽͨ
ѩ졭ǹƳɹˣ¹ʮĽңǿա
ղҾͰ֣뷽ѩƬǺ֮УƺδܵǺ֮ʵѳ˸߶ȣܴŷѩ״ɽͨ
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ǰɣǰǿ󣬿ƶҲһϡƽ飡
ѩˣ
¹Ϊ
ˣ˭Ҳס룬ҲСһ׮
˱ˣֵܱģÿÿ˵Ļٴμѩʱӡ֤޳
ɽͨʧǿҲ׷ɱ
¹ʯ֮ϣͷһƬǹ⾵Ӹɾǿգʱʱ̿עǳ仯
졢ѩҵǺԨϣƸˣɲ̫׷ɱ
ͷҲһЩŲ£ˡ
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һȾ꣡
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ھɽͨҲ־СǧͬʱͻȻԪΧĵ£΢΢һɹĻ档
ĪʲôΣղɣ
ϢȻգס
ʾ¹֪һ֮ƿն
߳壡
ԭһ߲׹⣬ǿգǸɾǿվͷֻԼĪָ΢߲ʹߡ
ǡ߲ףĪҲɽͨ
¹˳Ŀ⿴ȥ߲׳֣ȫë׶
ߣǾҵȴԵʱ䣬ͷֱ֮ǣ¹ٶȷ߲ס
߲ף¹С
֮ǰôҲʶɽѷ죬Ȼѷ죬ͻȻϮ߲ʹҫ


1524 ߲ɽͨ
֮߶£ٶȱǼڵ߲ס
ɽѷ֮죬ֲ̫ԣ˿ǺӵգҲֻ桢¹߲ͨ
ʮңԶ
֮ںϿٶȣԼĪʮϢȥ߲ס
һɨɿ󣺡ɽѷ֮Ӧþɽ磬ʱ򷢻ãһȥɽ磬ҪעЩ棿
ɿ󵱼ش𣺡ˣѷ֮ȷɽ磬ķɽ磬Ҳ޷ȷ
㲻֪
ˣע⵽֮ǰɽѷ죬߲ѷλã
ɽѷͬһλó֣˵ǴӲ֮ͬͥУϽѷ죬һɽвͥ綫ͥͥͬͥ½ѷͨѷ죬Ҳȥͬͥ
˼ˣɽѷ춼ǴӲͬλ֣ͨҲͬͥʱգ
ˣ
һΪɽͨȥͥǶͥȴ֪ԭܣ
¿Ǵľ
Ǳʶȥɽ磬һȥͥͥ
ɽ֮вͥ
ɿҲ֪߲ɽͨȥɽķֻͥҪɽ֮˽֪ꡣ
ǽҪ
˻δ½أ޼κη˷ɽ磬ΪҲǵɾ඼ǶɽٷɽٷЩˣȥɽ̫ܵûжɽ٣ǺԨȥɽķˣҪʮŽѷ˲䣬ͻɽѹ已̥Ҫǿ״̬ѷһ̣׺䶥

֮иΪֲʹ࣬ҪȰ¹ʮΪﵽ۷壬ûжɽ٣ϾҲһɣɽҲ˵ǵɣ㲻ͬ޼䣬һ磬ɽǻ¯ӣ¹Ϊһʯȥ¯ӣ޼ƾһö¯ܿճɻҽ

ɿϸȽϣ֪ɽѷֲ֮
¹֪֮ҲΪġ
ɿȻϿɼ߲ʹߣ̧ͷɶྪ߲â˿ˣһ֮ң߲ɽͨҲ֪һͥ
Ҳȥǿվͷɶ೤߲ףֻ֮ǰɽͨٷ֮һȣǿ֮˸ƺҪʧ
Ѫ𡭡
ڷ⿪ӡѪѪѪΪѪڹա
ʵﵽ۷壡
ˣֻǧף
¹ȫҲͷǿƣ̺һЩҲɼһЩӡ
ˣһ룡
¹ǣ֣Ŷּɿ󣬳ֻвɳֻȥ߲âѷ졣
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һޣɲǼ߲ɽͨʧ½ǹ֮У߲ͨħ˲̵û˿Ӱӡ
Ϊǣ߲ɽͨ˽УϢʹټǺ֮ʧӰ٣Ǻһ澵ӣƺδй߲ɽͨƵġ
ԽǺӣ
߲գһʣԻΪ߲ʹҫ
ŹϡգӰһɰ֮룬һ׵磬֮߳塢߳嵱桢¹
ɿҲ޷⣬ޣҲһЩ߲֮У
£Լġ
ۣ
Ȼɽͨһ̣й׼Լǿ״̬ɽ֮ͨС
߲׵ʶɿ¹׵֮һȫ󲿷ʧȥ֪ǧУǿа룬ԪҲ׵һƵġ
ģҡҲܵˣɣٿ¹Ҳ˸һ߲ʹҫ߲ʵ˿ߡ
ֻһѪ治ӿѪҲԣѪѣƺѱ߲׵顣
Ǻεɽ֮Ϊޣصɽ磬ҲҪ飿
ɿҲѪΧ߲âգëһͷź
һѪϵ۱߲׵˺飡
һ߲߲֮֮УֻһϮҲʶ
¹һĻҲȻȥæ޷Щֲ׵
Ȼ֣߲ʮϡ
ɿҲһʱҪ׹ΧһЩͱѹ޷һ
ֻܿף棺Ϊɽѷ֮У˿£ĳ׽٣ֻΪ˽ٶ
ϷѪ𣬻Ϊ𻢣
ҲھȫָԿ֮
ϧڶ׻жѪ֮ò״ָƣֱڶ߲׸顣
¹ʹ࣬ǿƳɿȳ⣺ޣȥæ
޲٣Ҳȫ޷ˣ߲׺ʶֻһˣ޷ɿͰҡβ͡
ͻȫѪϾѪⱻ߲пΪѪѣȴһЦǱңȻɽ־УҾҪԼɹһ٣в֪ΪΣҸо⴦߲ͨâȻԵҲһϴҲץʱ䣬Χ߲֮ëϴ裡


1525 
㡢Լģ
ʱҲû취ƿһУ¹߲֮ͨʼʣ߲׵һδڣγ
ǿѪƼԿֲ̫ˣǧ壬߲֮һ֮С
پжϣҲˣ
ˣ
Ȼ벻ǣ
ǰ߲֮һ߲֮Ԫ𶯾һЩ߲֮ӿࡣ
ٴηѪ𣬵زغʮѪ棬Ѫա
΢΢ָһЩæһԪͨԪԱߣһЩ߲׵磬Ȼ΢΢һ˿˿ʯ֮С
ҲС
⻹ҵһΣʯףⲿϢһ꣬ҵϢδһ˿˿Ȼ߲׵֮
𺳣
ʯ˶ϧͷʶ޷ʯ֮У
ôһɽڵ߲֮ȥ
ʶһ㣬ԵѪҲûз߲׵Ϣ
ģӦ
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ɽ磬ɽ֮ϴһ̣ʵ֮Уֽ򽡣
Ȼ֮ǰμ뿪壬飬ǶԼģһΣǧһʵڿ򽡣
ſѪɫ֮У߲׵磬ǰĳֱ
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زΪֲ֮²Ѫڷգпٿ˲Ҳǲ࣬ǧԼ޷ֵ߲
߲׵޴ڣԵѪɫ֮У
ȫͨ磬ӿѪ֮УһɲǣȫκһѪ׵֮
ͣ

ɽɫѪɫ֮ʯ߲׵ҲЩɣÿһһЩ
ɽ⣬ȴ߲׵֮ʱʱ˸ǣըѡ
߲׾ɽȻ߲֮ʧǳȥԤʾδһ죬ɽȫʧ
ɫͷŸΪɫԽ֮ϣԭɫ˸߼
ֲǧУǧʱҲֻɫһ˿˿
ٿѪɫ֮еʯǿӶʤ֮£żȻõһ鱦ʯɴ½Դ
϶鱦ʯӦ֮Уǿɽżĳһɽ籦ʯ޼ɵ½籾Դ֮
Ƥ«Ҳ΢΢߲֮
һɱ
Ƥ«
Ҳһ˿˿߲֮ǿй«֮УǺ«һδ߲
ͻȻӺ«ڲŴˣΪɱռ䣬ͻȻ׵֮룬ҲΧǣ飡
ѽɽ߲ͨ׾ɽϴǾɱռ߲ϴ裡߲ίʵֲɺ֮Уϴ衣
Ҳûɱ߲֮졢ںϡ
򽡢ʯסɽɫ«ɽʯͳͳ߲֮Ҫɽ֮ںϣ֮޷õЩ߼Ͽɣ
ͨԪ񿴵һУȻ߲ǿֲͬʱҲɽϴ
߳壡
һ߲ף棡
Ҳֻǵ棬¹뺮δס
Ĵ߲֮ɱòѪһͳͳ顣
ͨԪܵӰ죬ĵ·չĻ棬ͨԪ񣬷޷ͨԪ
ڣҲ޷ԿϽ֮


1526 ߴϴ
̣
һɵƣ⴫
ͨԪһԭ뻢ں϶ɽףһڵĴ£ҲʼһЩ߲֮
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Сǲˣһ뻢ںϣӡǣȻû߲׾ѣ
˵ˣųԾ߲װҶ磬̫˽⣬߲ףǻ֮УΪֲףǻ֮ˡ˶߲һޱ泩оƺǳУСˣɽ͵õ߲һδϴ衣
ȴڿЦ˰ֲ߲̫ˣĴϮѪԼǧ˲޷ƣһŽͨԪ񣬷ϣ
߲״ԶеĻ֮Ҳ֮УΪµһ֣ĳԤʾ٣СӾ͵ɣܵõ߲֮ϴ裬˺ôԣô㣬ܵʹʲôֹɣӵʻᳬԽˣ
ǰǲϴͬʱ뻢ڲںϣѪ
СӻԲÿðɣ֮ǰҲһںϣ׼ˣ
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һɲǣոձĴ׻һλΪѪ𣬹ա
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Ļ򽡣
Ǹı˵Ĵڡ
Ѫɫռ֮УǺɫһЩڽ·ȭͷС߲Լھ
߳壡
һԿû뵽ǣߵ߲ףնð¹ɿΨоη
߲ȻֱɲǼ䣬ͨԪʼ𵴣ȫԵ߲֮û
һʧȥ֪ͨԪĵ¹âҲࡣ
ɼϢ֮󣬵ͨԪס߲Ϳʼҷջ棬ʶںϡ
һ̣ͨԪȫһʧȥںϣװԵ֮ǰҪֲйˣһҲˡ
ѪҲһ顣
ȫѪ𻢡ǵزѪҲٷѪ档
ͬһ㣬û
̫ǿˣߴ߲ףԵ̶֮ǰ涼ΪԼֻʣԪˡ
һ̣һŭΪӿһһĨǣزѪռ䣬ѪѪǣһɻǣֺطѪ
ʹԨһӻָɣȫϢһοʼա
գաҪ̡
һЦİɣûл߲Ҳɱ㣬ָֻϴٶȷǳѣָٶʮˣԼʱ䣬һסϴ
Լɲ߲׿ֲһδ̹ˣ׶Ҫֲ
·ѣ
ѣ
߲ߴϴ裬У򵽷˳ɶôס


1527 
սӿѪȫԽʮͷѪ֮ࡣ
һڲɱ䣡
ս׳ΪָΨһԴȪ
͸ɣ׼ˣ
׼ʲôһЩĪ
ղֻǸѪҸһ֣ӡǸ㣬֮׼޺ô
ӡǣ
õ޴УѪֻͬӡǾĹҪӵͬʱѪԼӡǣ
һ㣿ΪھǵõУ
ֻûӡǣѪ޷ӳҾʹһֻӡǣ
á
ȲΪ˷ܣǿѪĴ
һЩӡǴӽ֮͸ֻͨԪԪ֮УŽɫӡϢʼӡ
ԼĪһʱ
ӡǣû뵽ͨԪΧһЩƣ̫ǳģ
ϲЩƳ֣ڳѪĪǽƾӡǣ
ţֻӡǣϤͻԱ仯ˣԼаɣ˯һ㡣
ˣ
ŪһͷˮҪӡǣû뵽¹棬ӿˣ
ֹͣУʶںϣʱָɣ㹻ƿһ
˫ۣΧ߲ײˣֻһЩΧͷš
߲ǰǻƤ«ڲֺ嫡߼Ϊա
ɿ״̬Ҳò٣һƯˣѾɽ֮ˡϴ裬Ҫʽɽ羫ʼɣ
Ǿͳˡ
ּ䣬һƬâǶ
桢ţ֣һǱѣɱ«֮УҲ߲ĥĲС
Ҳˣһõϴ֮һɷ֮䡣
һ磬ޱ˷ܣﻹһ˿˿Ϣ
ûˣİϤ
Ӧþɽˣ
ˣ
߲ͨǣ֮ڽգ
Ӱ¹ʼÿһ磬ԡ֮£˿Ƥںϡ
ͬһȹ⣬ͷŲڷϢƤ֮жͨ͸
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ˣ
ɿ
о޴ɿһû˿仯ںϣ˾ͳΪһƬâӰ
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ּǧУĵۣʼӨâȡһҲˡ
Ѫ֮УκơԴͨ״̬ΪӨâ
ֱ仯ѸͶֻâȡΪââںϡ
𺳿ѪѪѪ֮У͸žâ
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ͨԪӡҲʼΪӡ״̬
һʧȥоһβʹ࣬һӯ翡
ǰһ㣬â֮Уͷ֮ڣâǳˣϴ󣬹ǿǻûжɽٰԷֱӳɣ
оȷɣһʵˣ¾绹Ƿˣ已̥֮
ɿˣھͳΪĵɣԽɣӵֻ֮ͼˣΪ̤ɣˣ
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ͼ˾ǵɣ
粻еɾ𣿡
˵ĵɾǰɾҲǵɣɽɾ壬׼ɡ
˰컹ǵɾ
ɿĻһԴΪʧ
浹ƽȻҲɽɣ뷲ɲ࣬Ϊ
ǰҪһʱ䣬ֻ壬ӵɽɽ磬ʱֻǽɽ磬ɽԵƵȲ˶ãǾɽĳһͥɿΪС
ڳһʩչ컯Χ
𺳵ǣ¹ٶȣ΢һЩ
򵥣
¹һֱԼŵڷһֱɽ繦һΪ֮ɷȻǲƪɽ֮󣬴߶Ҿܺ
ӦþԵ˵֮Ĳž԰¹ٴ࿴
λƷǶţɽ֮Ȼ˲δɾ
ɿһּһǳĿ⿴ɿ
ȻУҲֻ֪ܲɿҲڵһʱ䣬뷨


1528 ̤·
Ҫ桢ţѡɽ繦
ɿܿץâˣﶼͨΪɿɽ磬ɽ磬ʵǿֻЩͨ
ͨˣԺɽվȽŸ߼⣡ֽ
Լȥѡʹ
ûйֻѰʽǶ컯ɽҲֻһ㡣
潫컯ߵɽ߶ȡ
ͨʽٶȾˣ
־СǧŹʩչڲɱΪ
Ԫɿø߼ˣӵеɲ
ʿ޵þΪ
ɽ֮󣬳ΪԪ
־СǧУɱΪԪԪȻ߶Ź
һ̬Ų˲ͿʼΪһֱΪҺ̬֮䡣
ԣԪһΪӴСϪ
Լ
Ϣټ˿Ƥ֮жͷâ
ڻںƶâвٵطǷ
ʱһǾӡâ״̬Ҳɫ
ѪҲ̺â
ʱ䣬øոԪһںϣ
ӵԪӵ壬Ϳ¼Ԧںһ
ɽɫʯƤ«򽡢ʯսףҪԪںϡ
Ԫɽںϣڣɽʼһ˿˿ԪҲ͸һɫϽ壬滹һ⣬±߲ϴ裬ɽδ¶
ɫͷҲʯѪɫ֮Уںٶȣ÷ǳڷһʯںϲࡣ
֣ʯںϣɱΪԪٶȸΪˣʯΧ߲Ҳơ
ɿһۣһˣʯӦĳһɽ֮УԴʯ֮һԴʯǷ籾Դ࣬ɽ֮УвټԴʯҲֲһ֣֮ʯںϣɽ籾Դںϡ
Դʯ֮һƺ֮УǴɼһ֣
ˣҴӸ֪ƷǴɼܾܿڵһǣпõʯŵڴؾһ飬ֲ߲ͦһδϴ裬ԭɽ籾Դ֧ţ
йأ
ʯںϣʯڲܿᱻһա
ɿ˼֮ǰᵽܻ𣬵ŻΪ棬Ȼзɽ׹·磬ȥƷ磬ҹʯܾܿյһǣ
Ǻεȴڣ̫֪
Ʒ翪ʼӴǿߣŷֲ
йʱɽ֮ϴͳû˾֪йʱʲôԶŴ˥䣬µЩУҲֻΪͨС
йʱ
ɽܣҲʱգȷΪ嫡
š廯ԪɱִˣԼŴǿߣӵһָӣʵɼ֮Уż
뵽һˣ죬˱ʶƺɼ֮Уֶͨ죬һͲǷʿǴ˲ڷ磬ΪγƷż֮У
ֻһܣҲɿǸйʱʿɼ֮вǿߺǣƾǴУսһ˿ʶȻֶͨθ
ԽǸоʯ̺֮ɽ˼ƺɽ磬ǻصƷ硣
Ƿ磬ﻹδ⿪
ֻδɽΪǿˣܽ⿪һܡ
ֹ۲ջ˾ǻƤ«
ʶ«ռ䣬Խռ䣬仹޷ܴ߶ɺ
ɺڲʧ٣ΧԶԶ㣬ҳΪˣҲҪһָ۷Ʒʣ
ں¹Ҳһֱš
߲޿ռ䣬֪֮ͨɶңԶ롣
ԼĪʮ꣡
˷߲ʹâԽȡҲΪâ硣
ɿʱָƣҲܾϲΧâգˣɽϢˣ˿˿ϢǺ̤ܿɽ֮У
ˣ
ʵȷϤɽʱ𣿡
ͥͥӸղŲ׽ǹϢͥ
ͥɽкβͬ
ɽټһƬɽ磬ͥһ磬ͥɽһӣɽ֮кüͥ
ɽ֮أ
ɽ֮ޱȣӵкܶͥҲв٣ֻǿ߲ſȥкܶǷյģҲδ֪ġ
ɽһ֮أ
Ȼɽ磬뼸һͬ鿴


1529 ɽ
ѾûκηڴӡԼâԪ
已̥
ˣ
Ψһźһ㣬Ϊ޼
˽¶һɣϴ裬λλ磬ִǺԨ
һ·ϳ˶ٿͷ
ɿֶˣɽ磬Ψһһ޼ˣ˾ɣֻа벽֮ңȴһ󾳽磬ɾ壬ɽ磬˻ܿͻƣɹٳΪɣþ̤ɣȻԷӳɷ
ȷһ⣡ΪˣεǣǷ˾硣
¹Ҳδɽ٣̤ɽܶɽ٣޼䣬Ҫ̤ɾͻһΡΡɽٷܳΪһɡ
ͻȻǰϢи
˼ؿȥâձòޡ
֮гһЩϢ
ͳͳվڴǰټɽ磬û뵽âʧ֮УΧЩ
ɿ˲仯Ϊ꣺Сģʽɽ磬Ҳ֪һͥʱΣգǸո壬ΪСɣɽֹʳ
ɽ֮ͨһҲʧ֮Уƶ֡
СΧϢû뵽֮ǰ˲δ֪ʣΧ¶ҲΪ䡣
ɿΪҴ·ֻ뿪ΧһƬ档
洦ʯٿռ䣬ӦһϴؿߣգһЩº
ȷķͥ𣿡
пɿҪϤʲôط
ɿʱûда񣬾һӢ꣺İϢҵЩͥӦһİͥĳ
¹ΪӦҸطȵõɽ٣ٶɽٳΪΪſȥɽߣ
֨֨
ΧȻһЩ

ո춯һͷˮȴΧºӣˮ
һЩˣ
ͷƣȿŵڲ
ΧºһЩߡ
ҲͰˣҲ٣Щ߲һǳףͷ࣬涼
Щ߹ſ۾ɫƺû³ܿͲ׽λá
ŶҺ壬ɫŧһģ̳ҲɫҺ塣
ܷһЩüͷƤ顣
ʲôţֶɵĻŻŵġ
Ҳ̫Ҳħĳɹ֣ӤĹһģУޣǳ£ǻδȫɹʶߣɿæһɨˡ
ն𣬵ٶͬ˱ܲ֮࣬ǰڷ磬ƿٶȣ֮
Щ߹׷ɱ¾ͱ˦
ΧȻǷ棬ܿºӣһƬɽȣټ󣬼ǿ߼ʡ
ЩߣһЩʯ֮͸ƬɽȣЩá
Խ£Խնɱ
˲Ҵ⣬ѰһŲ
˳´ӷԴǵҩȥȴûһ˿˿ЧӴ󣬶޷վ
ҩûôҲһǵҲ޷ͷһ˿˿
¹ԾؿŴ䱦ֿ棺֪ˣͽЩ֮ڷ粻ã
Ҳû뵽״
֮ɽûô
ʱףǺԨٷĹٵԴϧûȥȡΪ֮ɽ磬ô
׸
˼һᣬɿ󣺡ȥΧѰûһԴʹãֻҪǴƷҲ
ɿͲӰӡ
棬ںϱİɽ磬ǲʲôɿ󣬳Ϲ
濪ʼںϣ
Ϊޣδɽ٣ӦǷٱ
þں֮ŷԼӦֻܷΧ׶Ű׶ҲǷǳ
ָӦڷʱڣոѧһЩŵͨʿ
Уʵж
ƽԪУ˲ͷųġ
Ԫֻа״󣬶һԱ֦
ֻһ㽣ۣͷҲո뿪һߣ޷ɢһ֡
ŲģԽɱȥ
ֻɱߣڿ˲塢ɢȥ
ͨţȻɹˣȴֻɱ߾룡
ǵ꣬ڷУͨţŲ࡭¹ɵÿЦ
Щˣɽ磬ǰӷˣոǻᣬ̫СˣҴɽСײ㣡
ǰɣԴ֮ͣųɾܳ̽ǺޱߣأˣҪͷʼУ
֮֮ҲˣͷʼҲѣ
˰οű˴ˣͷܵ
ҲһֻǱ٣Ҳ޷ǿͨ
ڼ˻ܿںɱʵǿɱɱҲȥ


1530 
ɿ󲻾þͻˣˣҲɵһЩɹɽֻһ㣬ù̷̫ǿ󱦱̷֮ᱬ壡
óʮɹҶɹǳ棬ǵһɽ磬ɽ
ɹɹâûзϤֵͼֻһţھһУʶҲ֮ƮƮġ
ñ
ÿ˷ֵüΪⱬ壬ǽһӷֿɡ
Ч֣һδƤԪ˲ᣬ߶ɷҲΪ˳
ԣѪɹʼգһǿѪо
Цֵͼɹɽ綼ûжԸ̷Ҷԣȴϱ
ȫˬͨ͸ָоϤİ
Ʒȥλ磬ܾöûָоִǺԨɽ磬ʱ꣬ᵽǰ۷ָо
Ƥ«ղ̫գ˿Իָ½ĥЩ
˲Ƥ«ҲԽ磬濪ʼʽںϡ
ֻҪΪδЩ챦ֻʱ⡣
̣

òԪкܾһЩ׵˿ߣʱʱԺ˸
׻ںܶطûϵԪ֮УֳһЩԪ
ЩԪΪ˿ͨԪͬ԰ԵԽԪ֮ϡ
׻ҲΪԪ֮ǰɵ֮УЩ߲׹ϢԼâ
Ӵ׻ʧˣȻɣԺͽΪ߲ԪȻ֮ڷ綼δȫϵɽ磬ʱС磬Ϊ߲ףӵ߲ԪֶΣ
Ҹоʩչ߲Ԫɱɽ֮УСɽƤ«⣬ֶ߲ԪֶΣ
ȫٵط緢˿һɹϵߣޱȼ߲Ԫֻ緢˿һ㡣
߲ԪѾγɣֻҪ󲻶У߲ԪͻͨԪһԽԽ硣
ϴҪɽˣɴ٣ɹһﵽ״̬޷һ˿˿
ҲǣҪɽ٣̤ɣɾ˾У
ɽ٣
ֻһ꣬ɹá
Ϊﵽ۷壬޷
¹Ҳǲ࣬վȥΧɼɹѰطɽ١
ûзֿж뿪һټɽѰţûǿޡ
ϧѰõıҲֻ࣬õһЩɹһЩɲݣ
Щɽ֮У˶ῴһ۵Ĵڣˣϱ
ɽܲڵ磬Ҫȥرȳȥ˵
˱Ҫȥɽˣ
ǵ磬ĳؾԻ١
Խɽȣڷ֮Ѱҳ·ɿ󲻾֮ˣżѰһѷ죬ÿͨ硣
ˡ
̤ѷ죬ϡܿͷйҫ˸
ɿͻȻǰأɫš
ĪΣգ
Ǽһͷ
ǰһЩǣʯǿģҴǹȥɿ˵꣬ͻΪꡣ
ǣ
Ҷܺ棬ӿٶȣٿҲͿȷ˱ٶȰˣ
ɿ£ѷķͨ࣬һ׾ڣ·һѨ
СѨǰȻкǣģֹͷɢڷ֮Уƶܶˡ
ûпռָԼɱ
ǿߣ
Ҳббǿɶɱ
ҪĶ
ҲûΣգѨѰһ飬ʧûһջɿ²ʲôͱ˷֡
ֻʯڣпģӦԡ
˳֮Ҳ׶һġ
ɿߴңЩ˵һˣѰϧδ֮УͱħҵһѨˣϧħ֮¡
֮ǰ±Ҳϣõˣȥɼ£мģɿ˳أɽ
زɽ
ɼ֮ǰþ߸֣˶ܸоľԼڡ
ʲôطСǿɿ󣬱ȷӦ
ɿһ̣һںû뵽Ǿ½磬һɽѷ죬Ȼأ
һƺоأԸΪֲ
ˣټ֮Уߴ֮һããɽ֮УϹŴϾأû˽⿪ߴܣǺġ
ϹŵйʱǿҪƽߴܣûгɹֻ¸ഫ˵ؾߴ֮һƬɽԵܾˣһͥҪ٣ӦرԵкܳ룬ΪǿޡϹ֣Ȼһ·δǿɼǾΧ
ΧһЩͥɽ硢ǿߣѰԵΪֹɱǴ֮Բ֮𣬶ܵõǿǧꡢܵĴڡ
ҵ棬ɿ־η渵


1531 ˶ɽ
ص
ݴҴɿָΧʬǣبߴѰұϧ󲿷޻أǾΧҲޱգǽһҪССģǼʵ˶֣ħޡЩǻὫץԵУú֡ߡɽЩаħõı
ߣ
䲻֪أ˰Ҳһͷˮڷߣ֪һЩ
ɿִˣǼ˾Ƿߣӷɽ磬֮Ϊߣɽ󲿷ֶԭסˣɽ磬ǾˣǷߣǴӷ棬ɽٷĴڣ֪ΪΣɽܶ˶ǳɵߣǴУ˺ܶɽ类ɱ
ɱߣΪ½ʿ¹Ҳ¶Ȼ
ʵҲ̫ɽһֱһ˵˵Ƿϲдܣδһͳɽ磬Ϊ֮ܶ˵ЦҲˣ߼ܵһЩӣܵ󲿷ų⡣
ô˵ɽ磬û֮أ
еģܶɽ綼һɲٷߵƬɽ磬һȡһƬټɽ磬߾ۼ֮أкܶ൱ǿߣ
ȣ
û뵽ɽ绹һط
˴ΪԾ
֮ǰɽˣǷߣߡ
뿴棺ˣǿȥȣȻƬɽһ֮أ˵Ʒ硢ֽ硢ĽЩ϶ɽٷˣҲȥ˷ȣ
Ժ˵ɽΪϣ
˵꣬Χҡ
ȷûһջ񣬲żȥ
;ּһЩʬǣȻ˷ǳ࣬Ҳǳ֮ࡣ
죡
˴Ӳ֮и£һ󶴿߳ʱգȴһ˿˿͸˶оޱɣÿһëףɺ
ɽ磡
ɽ磡
˷޾Ⱥɽޣٴǳž
һ󣬾ɿͷҿͷն𣬽ѰһѰɽȡ
׼ɽ٣
һʱ䣬ɽȰ˷󣬿ϧʵ̫ɽʯҲûУ
Ƕɽ٣
һ׼¹ɽ⣬ɿȥѰɹ
桢ţָһھ֮ͷӡñԪһͬ
֮ﱻգͷŽƬɽƼһЩơ
𽥻Ϊ٣ÿһֻףˡ
׷ץɱ׼Ըɴ١
ɴһأֱǵһڶػ󣬵ػɡ
һشٵģӦǻΪֲ¹Χκⷢ
¹һҲΪ֮ģǲһʿոͨģҪԸ󣬵ȷѣǸô꣬һһ٣
ԶʲôΣգһɵ־ϳǶɽ٣
ˣҵһܲϧΥ־ˣ¹ͻȻܵ
ΪȥԿ־
֮ˣҲΪԼ˶Կ٣Ȼ滹Ϊ־ΪУ

һشٽˣ
Ի𱩡籩ױΪϷ֮У̼
һ̣ɽ֮жɽ٣Ʒɴ٣ɽ֮Уʲôڷɴ٣Ϊ֮
Ȼɽ磬Ѿ壬ʴɴʧȥֲֿ
Ԥһɱͱøȭͷֱӽٻ顣
Ե
֮УһĴڣããɽ磬ȻҲǲ֮еľ
룬һشپʹˣڶػһ˲ٻ𡢷籩ƲǿңһɸŸ֮һ͸ڡ
ﵹûз޵ؽڣ֮˯һ㡣
ˣɫʼԽţʱʱ¶ᡢ־塢Ŀ
þ״̬ڽһԼʶռ䣬ռ䣬˾Ǽ󣬵ǶɽߣУͷֲ٣һж־ƿء
Īżǵõɱ壬Ѱɽ٣׶Կ󣡡ЩҲ¹һలο
ʱȥ٣ƺͷͷųƴٰˡ

ɫڻָ糣ԻָʶҲӭش١
濴ķɣشپǻɣ֮л֮
ɿҲˣ潫Ѱɹʱ֮ϴ£ɹٶȷǳˡ
ǰɽֻǲ죬پͿʼɢȥһ̣鷲Ϊһɡ


1532 
£ģһΪ㻤ΧΪ¹
ڰ¹ɽ٣һҲġ
ȻɴٻʮϢͽһشٴ飬ʼڶػ
һζԸ󣬰¹Ҳ㻨˰칦򣬲ŴŲ԰֮ɫָʶ
ɹشپͺ״飬Ȼʼ壬ϧӵ壬һʱ䣬¾Ͷɽٳɹ
硢ﵽɸ߶ȣΪһˣҲǷߡ
ֵɽ٣ɲɴ٣ǵɾ١
˭޼
֮£ƽʱһ򶨣ͷƣؼ䴫
޼ȴͷųȰ¹ҪƣԼ
ɽϷﾪ˽ƣһ˲ɽȶԣ·ա
¹Լɽ磬ڷ磺޼ɾ٣ȻɴٻҪԺɴ٣ʮҪ
浹ģϴκδ٣ʿҪӴʮ
һ̣緲ֻ΢΢⣬Ϊɽ磬ٻ˲
ģ˵̤ɾɽ籦ͻƵɾһɴ٣ʱҽΪˣ
񷣡
˲ͷ˿̵ɾҲɣƻΪһֲһ㣬غ嫺Х
Хһһؽٻٰ룬漸ǵһջɽ
ȴовգɽͷʮɣͷһѪΪ𻢣ʮͷǻɽȥץõһشķѡ
ڶءءֱڰش٣Ѫ״顣
û뵽ѪǿزѪͨ죡¹Ŀ棬״٣𺳵˵һ֡
һش٣ŹٲشӸ߿֮е˲䣬׸߿ʧȥâ
ߣ
ʩչѪ
ǿ漫Ѫ
ȻѾܿ򽣬ȥ߶򽣬ֻһ˿˿߶ԼѪ
һƬŹɴ٣һʱ䣬ײһƬƬ飬ѹڴ֮ϡ
û壬ɽٻЩ鷳ɽ磬ʲôҲʩչ
ѪɱϿս׸߿ջΪһƬ״̬鴫¡¡𵴣Ƭʮﶼü
δҲ̫Щ
ܿھشٱ飬ֿʼ飬ֻнһ룬޼̤ɾ
ȻǷˣȴѾ壡
̣
û뵽ﾪ˴ٸգȻһЩ߲ʹҫγ߲ƣΪһ˿˿ҫϴ֮Ʈ
ϤϢ߲ʹҫ֮ǰɽ߲ͨףϢһģ
δע⵽֮ʲô仯һ˿˿߲ϢھȻвٵط߲Ԫڱߣܶط׹ը졣
̧ͷſǹ߲ʹҫ澪ϲ֣ɽ߲ͨһġ
νͣ
ʱڶɽ٣Ϊ֮Уɽͨһ
޷ͣ΢Ϣȫϣʹøոʼɾܡ
Ȼ̫ǿң滹Ǹܵ顢ı仯ɹ
ȻȻ־߲ʹҫһֿնоǳ߲ʹҫҲӦ߲⡣
Խ࣬ٶԽ죬߲ԪҲԽ׳󣬾һ߲ʹâܶط
ʱ
ټΧĳط
֮УΪߴأɽκյأû֪ʲô
һգ
Ȼһߣһˣա
֮£һƬ֮УͻȻ𵴣һ߲ڻ֮ʱʱ֣һ߲Уûڻ֮С
΢΢һǵڶγףǰ󲻵꣬˯£ǰųּΣξȻȺγףھظѰĺǣĪˣ
ֽĿ⣬·ػ߲ʹâƿ̧ͷΧ߿գϢȻȥΧҲ֪ǲζţ֮أҪʱ
ĬãͻȻʧ١
Χ

ʧˣ߲ʹҫ粻Ӱӡ
޼̤ɾһ棬о״̬ǳʵʮҲֹ
¹ҲǻصһɹȻɽٳɹʵȻɽ磬ϡ
޼̤ɾ»ǵɾһǷΪʵҲﵽɾܾ˸߶ȡ
桢ţʵǿһݣ¹ҲǣϾѳΪˡ
ˣɾ̫Զոɽ磬ʵǾ뼸һЩࡣ


1533 ӡ
ھ֮УɿȥѰɹɿҲڻָʵ˲°ٱ
ѰɹɿһЩɽ糣ʶ
֪ľ˾硣
ɽǵɣԽ֮Ͼɣɱȵǿ̫֮࣬Ͼɡ
ɣ
Ҳ֮ǰǶѨϣᵽĴڡ
ֱǿ̫࣬һɲյΧôڲжΣգ
˾뷲˼ƣɡɡҲΪŴݣֱǴһ쵽졣
һ䵽䣬ɽ磬ʴ˾ŴҲ֮죡
֮ɽ绹һЩʵҲΪСǸ壬ɽ֮оǡ졯
¹ͫ·̣ɡɡɡڲǵһ죬ɻһݣɽ꣬ܳΪһɣ֮ϣӦûиླ磡
Ҳ̫ģˮɣڷǧ꣬ɽ磬ɽҲ̫꣬һܳΪǿߣ
ֻǧꣿ
Щã
㻹ò˻ˣǧܷ꣬ɽ磬ǧܷ꣬治ܱȣ
ˡ
˵꣬¹ǧܷɽ磬εȱ̬
з棬ɿﻹ˽⵽ĿǰƬɽʮͥ
һͥɵһͥͥںһɽ硣
ɽټޱߣڲһͥҲ嫣һǿͳһͥ
ÿһ֮ͥ䣬дţ֮Ϊš
Ϲǿߵɽ磬ΪʱգרĹͨеĽŻţҲЩѾʧһЩңԶɽ磬ЩŲʧǱһЩȻ飬ȥЩʱա
Ҳ˴ţ
ޱɽ磬˿ɲף
һЩңԶʱգЩؾסǿ֮е壬塢Զ塢ڰ塢Ԩ塢ħ塢ȵȡ
ɽҲ֮Ϊ壡
ټʱգУǿ󣬵㲻ף
ʴˣ嵣еͨţЩңԶʱսɽ磬ͥš
治ɽĿ⣬Ų¹֮ô˵žͿȷЩĴţ
¹ףȷмƣ
ɿҡͷǵһȥ磬ƷʱЩôţȴֻһֿռ󷨰ˣٶȱȸ˿ʮ̫̣ɽžʹͬ
ǶͥȥͥҲнŵģֻҪ㹻ʯýԽ˰ٱٶȣȥңԶͥҽѾǵһֿռ󷨣Ƿ֮䣬ԶŴģ
˽ţͥʱ֮Ͳȥˣ
ҲǿԵģһЩռ䷨ȻֻҪʵǿ󣬾ͲýţʵɹӴǺӣȥκʱ֮У
ʵ
˵ȥǷ磬ɽ磬ȻʵΪ
ʱֻȻһ֮ǰ˵ߴ඼ȥȣЩǿߣƷ硢ĽǿߣƬɽ磬մ඼ȥȣ
ɿش𣺡һ˻ѡȥȣʣһˣΪɽ磬һЩɽᱻЩ££ǣΪɽЧܿԼȥȵķߣһһɫ
дϴ˵һ硢ڰĦЩˣϣǷɽ磬˳ȥȣ
кܶԴж컯Ƽڣɽ磬ǰĦ졢ӡ޼賤ЩˣƴʱѾڶɽ٣Ѿɽ磡
̫ˣǿɽ磬ټһڣ
̫ңԶˣ
Ҳٽ֮С
ɣԿʼӡǣãƤ֮н״
ӡǣԻ
֮ǰһЩʱ̤ɾдͨ
ţͻȻƣǵزѪ󣬲ʮͷ
ʩչӡǣ΢΢ںһЩز֮ѪɱĽ𻢣׷ӿһ˿˿Ѫӡǿʼںϡ
Ҫʩչӡǣһӵ⣬ڱӵ鴫ѪѪԴȪӡǾǹںϣγӡǣͬʱϽܵ
һ֮УѪɱɵĽɫѪգÿһѪͷһѪɫ
Ѫɫ໥ںϣӳһ𽥻ΪһһĤ֮ںϣΪһ
ӡٶȲϼӿ죬ں϶һƽɫװѪɫâĤ֮УһףͷŽ
ѪâҲѪâܿǶУɲס
һоѪɫâ̫ˣӡǣ
ڴںϣӵеѪϢϢأѪԽ࣬ӡԽΪԽߣӡԽ̣


1534 ɽ
֮࣬Ȼоֳĳ
ԭӡ˫֣ڽɫͷ
ʲô
ӡһͨγͨӡͬʱҲӵйӡڽɫͷǹӡӡںһΪͷܿκɱ޵ӡǣɱԨ֮УնɱԨǿߡħֵȵȣڸͷһͷȥɱɽ۷ͷ
棬Դκη
ڸͷƯţϸϸһҲӡγɡ
ԺǿһЩͿ𽥷ӡжãŵЦ
ҪһδУһδݱ䣬ʩչ
ֶһŴͨ
߲׻γɵ߲Ԫ̤ɽ֮УѵõֶΡ
ԼĪ꣡
˲ٲУɿָλСԭΧϣȥһͥ
ͥ
ԭͥһһƬʱգֻظңԶһЩλƬɽʱձԵ
Ų뿪أɽԽ嫣ظϢʧرƣΪƣƯ
ޣΣɿҲǶ֣
Ϊӿٶȥͥ潫ɽɿ
ɿɽΪ֮꣬ٶ߰ٱɽճ۷ɡ
ɿʵӦ֮䣬Ҳ֪ɿʵڣû಻ãСͱץס˷붫ͥǿ
ɽ޾˴۽磬һԭҪܷɹһƬֺҲҪ꣡
ʮΪ棬ɿӦͥԵ
źǣɿǰҲδͥ߼ˣͥⷽɽ磬µһͥɡɡ졮󡯣һⷽܶ
ǧ꣬Žͥ
һͥǧ꣡
ԺӶģɿָˣͥƬɽ磬ҲΨһɽͥʵͥʱ䣬꣬ʮꡣ
񶫻ͥͥѵ꣡
һԱȣ桢¹ŸоͥĲһɽ罨һͥʱգ಻λɣȻɽͨĴڡ
һټɽ磬һͥ˱ȻǴܣ
ͥһ˽⣬Ҳɳ뾴壬һǿ𣬵һͥ
¹ͥǿȻе̣ҳɽ磬̫ͥңԶֲͨŴͣͥǴһУǿ֮ȥɽ磿
¹峺ͫܿͷʵɽ粽УȻɽ磬һͥҲڤڤ֮עͬ⣡
Ҳϴ󣡡Ҳעһһ
ɿǰɽڴʱͻȻϼˣˣԾΧЩԾ
桭
ں츳Ӧ
ٶҲӦ͸Χףȿκһֲﶼ̺ΧһƬâռ䣬һЩСڽӵо
һһںϿһ棬ƿƬ磬̾Ϣɽ̫ˣҵԷݣոӴһģֻʿܿһ棡
ӦȻǰԶȻ֮ȻٶȼȻֹ
ƺһĻϣȻͻȻΪ˿ռ䡣
ǡ硭
Ӧ֮쳣ȻǷ磬˲ܷ⴦磬ϧɽ磬һʵ̫ΣҲ޷֣
ɿҲ϶ȷǽ磬֮ǰƣѴ磬ҼʲôɱֻͨӦ磡
ˣ
һͬΧȻӿ졣
ԭǼͨɡ
ʲôʲôһŮڰ
üͷ˴ȻΧ̫С£

ưճ֣ǿжգӡŮӼԦƸˡ
һСŮΧͷŵâѰâͬͷâаɫɫɫϼơ
ǼԦϼ⣬ϵвɷ½ʿȻͬǷ˿ƤǾӨͨ͸ʯɡ
ˣ
һˣ
һӣȻһЦǵɣ̫ˣɶǣ
ԱһӸΪڿࣺû뵽ϣҲأǱ̫ˣ治֪ߵغɾ̤أ
һӣ΢΢곤ȵҷ磬ޣ˵ɱǺãǽǸߣ
ɿͻȻ¹򣬶Լ˿ͷλǰǲСˣλϢȥ
ϴЩУǾūʲôʱܹҪţֿȥƺ˶֡


1535 ̻
Ҳ̼ܵ
˭һŭ𣬺εʱܹ
ǿɶɣ˵ɣɣҲǿ̫࣬һ̣涣ҲҪ
Ƚ
Ҳ֪˴ʲô⣬ɿ¹Ч곤ǸˣȻǽ硣
¿ɺã˱ȥǲò롣
ʧ֮ɿŴϷˣǲ̤֮С
ڲһ磬¶ȱ߳һЩҲһⱦڰա
һЩϣңֻƯڶ֮У
Ϊֻˣû뵽ﾹȻϰˣ
аԾֵطȻϰˣ
һˣһӼϰˡ
ˣҿ֮ǰˣ֮Χ˺ǿ̻ʿǰЩˣӦöѰЩ˲Ϥ·ߣͻ̻·ɿһ˲Ż
Ҳͨ۲죬Щ˴󲿷ֶȥѰģһ̻ᡯָ·ߡ
Ҳ̻һʱݵ㣬λء֮ͥ䣬һתվ˴ͥȥأͻһʱݵǸմðջˣҲѡ̻ӻϢ
Ҿ̻Щ֣ͨǵֲ̣ôʲôֶΡ
֮е棬Լھ֮С
ûоԼСûлɹԼһ죬ΪǿߣᳬԽЩˡ
ְѼˣѰ̻в죬򲻿ϻڱڱҲֲǡ
һô£̻ԭصȴʲôû˵
֮֮Ǿ̻УɱǵҪǿʢ
ֶһ˾͵ʩչ컯ҲŹٴɽҲС
ϴ󣬺м˶Իˣպú󣬴֮ʱʱ˳롣
Ȼ˷֣ںϸӦ
һƳڼ⣬а˾ۼһڵš
ϸϸһû뵽ǹء
ϧһʲôûеõһˣػأǺľʯ̻׬ˣ
ÿ̻ᣬǶжһ·иǿûʵǽ֣
ȺγףЩɡɸûõ
˼ᵽ͸¶ף߲ƳǿϹףȻд󱦱Ǿĳݱ䵮һж˵ףһĳֱ
Ҳ֪ĸ˶õ
԰˷֣ͥأõԵ
ֻЩܿյأֻΧѰֿտҲʲôڱһˣˤһӣȻ񵽴󱦱һΪɽ
һˣﰦ̾
ϴʲôʱˤһӣܼ񵽴󱦱ˣҲ㶺û밵̲סЦ
ҲǸ߲ʣ縵Ƹǰء
أ
뷲ʿһðѰУǿ֮͡
˵ϴᵽأǰγף߲ƣýɽ磬Ҳ߲ס
һǽɽͨһ̣߲ϴ裬ϴߴϴ裬ڶξͻƵɾ߲⡣
ǲ̫ˣûпܣ߲ҲسͬʱĪһжرȻϵ
û뵽̶̼Ϣ澹ðһһͷˮ⡣
ʵͷҲ뵽һ㣬ֻûзŴԸȥ̫࣬һй
ɲ̯Ϻ£ѣ
Ǳ֪һ㣬һҡ
˿̣ڴУȴһһ磬ǡ
һ֮ǰһǸˣ̻֣һһˡ
һϢǵһ̿˵ȴ˻ƣǲ˺̫࣬ˣϵ¿Ч
̻λڨڨȭϸ罻ĻܲȥôΪϸ磬Ѱɡǵͽλɣһ⼸ɣͷһǿǲ٣ܸϸôǸŮӣɫ㰡Ǹӣ
׾ôˡץһöռָ˶Է
ϸģջǣ
õռָ̻㬶ȥ
ոھˣⶦһɫŮӡ
ԶԶ֮£ĿԽ
֮У˳롣
һж桢¹ûйϵ̻ٶʵһ춼׳
ҲһɱںϣɱɿǿɽΪ


1536 ħͷƿ
Է˾磬֮ɽԪǿ־ɽȻԴУССǧҲˣ߲ԪϾѴﵽɾһ۷壬ʱͻơ
û뵽ż꣬Ϊﵽɾһۣ֮
ٶ̫ˣ
ʱͻƣȻʵ̫ˣͻƣ֪Ƿߣ³Ȼҡ
Ȼ޷ͻƣƤ«ϴ輸챦
ֹȥ꣡
̻ˣ֮ǰΪף˵Ҫȥ̻ͥ˳·ǡ
磡
ֻܰ޷ܾ̻⡣
뿪
һֺգһˣ
̣
ӰΪʿû뵽ˣڷӡĽѪħͻȻһ˿˿
ħʿ
漸ȷǰˣһаħǿߡ
ȴȼκλ뿪̻ͻȻһץ֮Ϊһס
ϸ磬ˣֽǰ
죬ԺкҪһ㣡
ͷħٴˡ
סԻΪħΪӴ󡢼̡
̻Ἰ۷ȥʣ°˸ˣĪǼΪϣԹɣڱУֻӣܻ
ǹȻǱ̻ˣС档
޷ѡ֪̻Щ˻ֶΣ֪Σѡ񷴿³ңҪ侲´˺һ֣һӳȥһζˡ

ħͷżˣշɶɣ
ٶȱɿ֮ץƿ˲һ˿˿ᡣ
ܾȥְɿΪΣ
ɿ۲һᣬһɣӦôﵽɾ죬һ֣ħʿʵӦóɣ˺Ƶʻңƺˣ
ҲͲһʱ뿪̻ǧңԶ
ħͷһ·Ѱţһ֮ͣͷŲپ綾󷨣
ѹƣڵš
ħͷ󣬲ַһģΨһͬӡΪ
ħͷóħ飬ŸΪֲ綾Χ֮Уںϼη
ɱ˴׶༪١
úһ󣬰ħͷóһɱ
ɱǾȣһӤΣԼߺɫס
ѾһӤƶɵף׿ͬӤس죬ͷħ
һħ¹þš
ħͷƺע⵽˱飬Ŀ¹ԺͳΪŮū㲻Ϻô
һңӰɱϵİ¹ͣ˭ҪŮū

һ
¹ħͻȻѡ
ħͷץͽӼ֮Уץ˹ȥ԰¹һΪ޷֮

һа¹ͷ¶ʱðѪͿѪˣ۽Ƕ飡
ħͷֻŰħͷŭ
𡢱𡭡
¹ƺ֪ʲôҲ֪Ǽʲô飬ȳ⡣

ħͷָץס¹ͷħɷ֮ѹư¹һȻâ
ӽ쿪ʼҾ죬ҾĵأУŰɣǾʹӽ쿪ʼţҪùһҪΪհǱһħͷȫѹư¹
ϴ󣬲ܼȰţҲдŭƺҪʩչħȦ
ұǸҸ뽫˴ж˿飬Ǳܴ߶Сħͷػһʱ䷢֣Ȼ㿪߰£뾡취һʱǡ
γǸεѣðɣ
ȴοѹŭ𣺡ᣬҪᣬûлᣬûһʤ㣬ǲܼŭħͷŭ¸Σգ
ҪסǻһһҲи洫ʾǧ
£һ㣬ʱ˳ħͷҪúںлᣬһ֣ûлᣬҲ֣һ̣ĿԽɱϨ
߶Ѫɫ࣬Ѫ澹ֱӿʼħ
Լ򽡣
ӡ̺ӴħɫϢǳϤħɷڲ̺顢̵ħɷջΪ
ѪѪɫںϣĿǰѪɫﵽ˸߶ȣѪû뵽ܿ͵ؿʼ
ɹˣ
Сӣȫ㣬ú
ħͷƿ֮£м֮һİ¹һͷǣַ棬мƳȥһɰˣɣʲôܸʲô
Ϊɾ죬أǿˣѾܶɽ̤һ߾硣
ǼϣÿԳΪⶦҪڣֲħ̥ħ̥֮󣬹ƾָܻƣҲͻһ߾磡

ħͷһ˵ţһͬʬ壬ɨˡ


1537 սħͷ
ͻȻ֣ḧ¹ͷСӣҪԹھںһ֣Ժ뱾У֪ΪȤ
޳֮Ӱ¹ӿƣʼħɷ
һ֣һ˿˿أǿħͷħɷܵһв
ħͷ΢΢һüŰ¹Ӱ㻹Ǵӣˣھ˰紿ԪΪαһϢӴʮϣ
¹ɾ޷ȫħɷ֮ȥ
û뵽һӣܺãȻӱͽˣեԪɴԪ˵ƿȫͻƣ
߳߳
ħͷ̰ǰ¹һɿζ͡
ָץһɫ룬ͻȻڰ¹ϣһ˿˿˵ӿڡ
Ϣ֮󣬰ƱһЩѪϢʱʱ֡
綾ٺ٣޷Ԫһ̿ʼŪ㣬㴦Ů֮Ů͵ܰɣ
ħͷЦƻ㿪ʼҪΪ¹ȥ¡
桢Сţɱ
ڣ
¹ħĥ˵һ֣ȴĬĬ
һĻҲٹôࡣ
ƾˣ
ݣ
ɽಭ׽桢ü˲ɱ
ţҲħȦâɱΧħɷ׷𵴡
ŶȻ˹Ϣɱ
ɱϮɱ˲䱻ħͷ֣һץһħȣħ֮б
䣡
ħȵɱһƵģɱһڿڵ
ݣ
һ˾ͿԵֵɱƣ˿̣һɽɱٶȿʮҲΪֲ
ԭǱɿҲɱɽʵǿȻҲΪֲ
Ҫ
ʣ棬ĿԷա
СһͻȻ仯һħ顣
ץɽʩչɿɱǿɽԹ졢޹켣ɱ
ԭһֻɿ󣬻нʵһɱͳͳΧħͷ
ħһӣɱ𺳣һɿɽɱûըѡ
һ˶Կˣռƣ
ǲͱڹ
ħͷһɲǼ䣬սһסɱһǿɿɱɽ
ͷаħɷһƬƣΧȫںһס
̰ħȦɽಭ׽ȷڹȻ֪жϣȻǵֻйϼ塢żյء֮УֹڣĪһȺϣνأõڹ
ȥүģҪСţһſڣȻͷϡ
شǰɣǾͽնɱʹͷаħϢĹ֣
ħͷͻȻ߶ħȣһʱ䣬ɱħɷϣħͷһɱֱ붯ļɱ
޵У
̫޵ˣ
Сӣ˰ɣεȴڣʵϣϺôħͷֲ¹
ݣ
ħɷĿɱħͷ˲䣬ΪһС
û뵽ħѹļɱ޷һɫħɱħɷ֮һѷ죬նħͷ
ħͷͻȻоһɺͷë
תſɽɱƶ޷ʶŵץħȣֹɽ
ΪԸĿɱǰ㣬ħǿƺ
ɽǵһħȴֺ¡һħ飬ڲ󱬷ֲըѣ֮еİħͷ˲ըˡ
ͬҲ漸ƶɱԼħͷħɷУȻͳͳ
һǰֻס桢ɿ󡢺ţ֣κԱС񻯽⡣
޷С֣
֮ǰûаնԸû뵽֮Сɽﵽ˸߶ȣ
գ
ð͵ϮħͷӪȰ¹ԣֻĳɰա
ĳҲûС
Ȼ˿ɹˣںħͷ
Ͻ̫ˡ

ħɷɢȥ󲿷֣Ϣ֮󣬴ץסɱһʱ¹
ⷽƣ֮ǰͱħͷͷûܵ
϶ѪɫȻȷ޷Դħ
¹·챻ħɷɣҡû£ֻֻֻ޷⡢ħ졢ߣ
潫תǰŷִȻס޷
ɱɽ
һϢûħҲ𵴡
СǼֻϣ
䣡
ΧħϷһѪģˣ֮ǰħͷǱ档
תס¹վĴǰ⡭
ħͷѪȴںƣ˵ɣɱСǿⱦǴõģ߱׳ɱɱǣ
֪õɱ˵ˣҲ׼߶ɽԼʯ
һʱ䡣


1538 ɹ̶֮
ԣʵŹǣ
Щɱǣ֮ǰأΧһżȻõģ
Ĵꣿ
ҡҸˣ
СӣصͼұȻɱ׳
ħͷָһһͼ
ϴý飬ǲͷɱ˴һ氵кż
û֨ͷƻס¹
¹ҲԼվ滺ͼץס̯һغ嫶𺳡
һμɽͼһͼɼƬκһ꣬зһ½ǰյϰٴھ룬һƬûĿհ׵ش
ĥĥ䣬ħͷŭٱͷףһҷ𣡡
û취ˣǿƤ£ֻǿһ
ʱ䣬ħͷѰһᡣ
ħͷԿʼԷͲʱ䣬¿һʼջǵó֡
ȥˣһһ
̶ɱƣͬʱħͷɱʱһڷ
ٴ߶ɽ׼ʱ֣һòҲҪɱħͷ
ɽնǰħȣһҲħͷ

ÿһԺž˰㡣
緭Ϊ˼ʱʱ̿ƶϡƻħͷƴһս

һսʱܱ
ڳûԤϵǣͻأ֮УһŮӳɱ
⣡
ħͷһ飬ƻΪηη
һ̾ߣȴһ׵磬âȵסħͷ׵ݺ󱳡
ֱ׵Զ׹ز֪Ǹա̱⣬ʱʱͷųһ׵硣
ں󷽴ǰһĻǺ׵壬̫ǰħͷ޻֮
⣬ǣҲ׵ѹ޷ҲҺΪΧǺһڣ»ڱˡ
ͨͷħҲôҵ㣬ϴθھһΣ㻹ȥ
֮ǰŮִ֮д
һɺƾ߿գһŮӽ̤ɽΧƯӷʱʱ˸һ׵硣
̫ˣŮħͷһ֣ŮͻȻϿգ濴󲻸Ҷ֡
ŮΧЩͻȻɱһ׵磬ܽ˲ɱ
Ůŷ֣粻ڣɱɹˣδܻ뿪֪ͥͨûһװ
Ȼ
ħɷ֮ͻȻ𿪣ͷźɫѪ
Ѫھǰħͷ֮ǰ˵øأ͸ŶٱѪۣЦſŮӣ̶ɱɹΣߣɺûͻƣͻƣϴλѹΪŮū
̶ָһΧ̣һɢħʿҲţɢ
跨
߳߳
һ׵磬Өҫ۴̶ƣ֮бɱ
ħͷͨͻȻһľ
ľͫħɷͻȻľͷųħƣΪһӰ
俴峤ʲôģӰײеɱƷ籩
̶ɫ䣬ٴɱһɺ׵磺ǡѵ˵ģħ֮Уħ壿
û뵽㻹˼ʶħʧ꣬˭˻ǵãһɹӣȻ֪ħ壿㿴ʥϽ跨ֽͨѪľ
꣡
׵У籩ɱкľǶӰ
׵类Ƕǹ˲üǶľͨѪӰ־޴һЩӰͻȻſһ磬³һӴڰУ̶ֱɱȥ

̶ΧǼ飬ɺ׵ںһֽץһɽɽ֮һ׹⡣
뺮׵Ϊһƺ̶գɻΪκ׵һɱɱС
һͻȻ飬ɱ׵磬߳һɱжӰ
ǶӰÿҪ飬ںͨ˲ɣ֪
ɹסȱƬɽ磬һ̤㹬ţŮū
ʣǺľͻȻӰ룬ವضա
ܸٴν跨᣿
̶һɽһɱȥľǷ̶Ҳ֮ʧȥ
ۣ
һڣħͷͨѪж˿飬кü͸Ѫ˺ۣӶڻʳ塣
⡭
һзڴʮϢڣ
̫ͻȻһλ׷׿ǰֻʣһİħͷͨ
ħͷͨǰһһϢˣҲѿڣɼزؿռҲûˡ
ͨ漸ˣӸ£ֻЦݵԼ¶ײ񣺡
Ҳн죡ָһЩ¹ȥȻٿɿ˵ã
ɿæ棺ˣǵ뿪ŮѰħȥܿǸϽ뿪ܻħͷһ³ܴˣ


1539 ɱ
ٺ٣ȻҪ㲻ףһˣһɡҴϣҵΪƽ綾ӣ
ϴܷŹ˺ûᣡ
һˣ
ƺ˲䣬Ҫʲô
¹Ҳˣ
𣡡
ץƤ«ͷһȦâ
İħͷ֮ͨǰƿżˣû뵽ŶãʮӶʮ³
Ƥ«ͨռ䣬ɱϳҲɲ
ɽ鼸ɿϽƬԨ
󣬲Ѱһɽ
ͨһսֻδˡ
֮󣬵һʱע¹ϧħ̫Ӵ󣬾ʩչѪҲܳħָʴѪ⣬ѪҲܽɸɾ
ħԵûжɱ¹ֻڣʴ󲿷ɢ
ȥû˳ֶƾ綾ḯʴԼԡ
ԶٴλûжЧֻʱͷŷӡð¹һϢ
ŭһâͨһһǿˣȻ׶
һ˿άֺܳʱ䣬ǿ֮
ٺ٣
ˣ̰ͨΧϽҪͨʬ
żǰ¹ͨЦٸҽⶾӣҿԷŹ㣡
ͨڷӡ֮Уز㣬ЦŹңҿСҲǸĺܷŹңŹң˵֮أҲܿԼܻټһʱ䣬˿ֹͣ
ҿ˵ⶾ֮
ֶΣթң˰ɣⶾӣܣһŮΪᣬҲֵˣ
治㽻
ǸΪαҪˣ
ΪˣȻ㲻˵ⶾӣҾԼĥ㣬ʱȻ˵ðɣ
ħͷ˳Գġ
Ȼڤ粻ҪѰȻҪȫ
ϴٶȰȲˣ
ΪҪһٶ̫ΪһѪһֻѪУҿѪʼˣ
һ˶ԣ
֮󣬺ô̫ܴ࣬Ҳ֮ǽлԽԽ˳
Сʧеȴ涯֣ϧΪ̫ʵǿԼʩչ컯ˣ

һĻˣӡʹ֮УγһֻֻѪ
Ѫ򽣬һС̬鶼ǣ֮ࡣ
֮ǰѪɷӡ֪ôӴΪֻܻա
ڲͬ߶ôѪٶȾͿʼˣѪ̫࣬һֻֻȻͨʧ
ԷͨѪ֮ЩѪѳѪ⡢ѪħԪɢǱѪɡ
һĻϣڳԵһͷ
ֻͨӿԶĿ⣬棺㡢㡢ҵһѪ
԰ȻɫžͷΪͼˣҲֶΣվʳ˵ĴڣΪСʱСҲǿԳԵӴĴڣ
ܣһͨˣһɡôӵɣ޷ӵеֶΣ
ͨװ׿űѪɣôʹġ
ң
ֿʼӡԪͨԪչĻ棬ڴ߶Сǧ
ˣ
һԪӡûͨԣܿԪӡһ㽫һɿҪʧԪӰͨüǿק
ԪӰͨԪˣԪҲһ
һɰ˻Ԫ
㡢Ǿʲôˣ˱΢ΪܺԪ񣿣ͨˣԪΡΡޱȾš
һɣܺԪ
ܣԶܻᷢ£֣ͨԪһóڤڤ
֮ǰ˵ܣ˵ҾͽԪӡὫɿܣһɳΪʶɳΪһƣЦݣ·ոͨ
ͨɣһɣܷӡҵԪ񣡡
۾ţҪӡԪ񣬻ҪһϿռָһжҵģ
ӿ߶СǧٶȣԪͨԪܿüĳ
ӡǣһᣬһԪӡͽͨԪУΪһڷӡ֮Զһ֡
⡢Ϊ
ͨƺӡ֮Уʲô𺳿棬ȴֱԪ
ϴħͷʬҲմ󲿷ˣһɰ㹻ܳһʱ䣡
֮ǰǻڻ˼ѰԴ
ٺ٣Ҫôţһžܳ꣡
ȴţ֮ͨ
ȥע¹Ͼ綾ʱٶȷǳʱΣգħ帯ʴʹǳġ


1540 ¶
һʱҲûа취ֶΣֻͨһӵ壬ΪǷ˵ߡ
ˡ
ͻȻ䣬һԪ𵴣紫
ͨԪҲ΢΢濴磬ɿӦϢʧˡ

æٶȣġ
ϧһʬ壬Ѿ֮һҲܵõôǼ˶ʱ䣬硢ʵ
ѽⶢŹֶϴ󡭡
ƺ˵ʲôһһľͷ

Χ˲䣬ʼû
һӰץסɿ󴩹󷨶ڰϷڵļˡ
ԭǻɱͨǸɹ̶
ӣ
һ̶̲ݣ޴ŨΧֺȻԼأһɭֻŮһŽƶ쵰㾱һ˫ᴽݣʥŮȻŮ

ֻԶۣ޷¡
ɿ󼸺̶֮ˣ
治һӦҲߴҶȴƴҲڿκͻ״
ֺϢΪ̶ǿ󣬶ˣΪϢ˵ﵽףʮɶѡ
̶ĿͨϣâͻȻѴɿء
վͨʬǰ̶һδҲҿΧϢǺһԪ޷УͨԪ޷ͷ˿Ϣ
̫µŮˣ
ǰɱˣ̶ڿ˵
Ƴ˼˼ۣ¹ҲδŹ档
汧ȭͣǡǳûɱͨţ»ָʱ
̶һʣ㽫ͨʬɱҲõԴ
ǣ

ʱҲ̹棬˵ŭ̶ֶΣûʸԼ
ʵʵһߡͨΪϲߡ
СǼˣһܴӴϵõöŴ˹
ֱϹϾͣоλѣ֮ǰħͷ綾Ҳħͷҵⶾӣ
ħͷռָأ̶ֱ֡
û취óݸ
˳־Ⱦλѣͻһ̶ñֱ
ԭǷ̶ȻֶΣһ֮ξȰ¹
ԼǲУʱʱȻһˣ˵ܾȰ¹
̶ƺ֣ħ׻ģκҲȥԣ̫пԼҲմȾħŮжڳѾˡ
ǰȾͬ飡һΣǹǶ̶Ȼ
ƽ˹ĸʦδ¹
죬ﲻ¹򣬻һŮˣ
ϴ󡭡
桢ţֿһĻҲʹļס
Ȼһͬʱ̶¡
¹ͻȻвΡΡ棬˵ĺܶԣѾҩɾȣ˰ɣ죬δúúûţҴƷòɽ磬δܳΪɽϴܵĴڣ㲻ܹ򣡡
氵йش𣺡˵ɵįʲô⣬עⱲӣҲ޷ȥǾͷۣ֮֮ǰĽ磬ʧȥһλˣֽҲûһλˣҲź

¹֪ʲôˣ̶̰ʱ䣬ֻǴӷɽʱ䣬㹻˽Ϊˡ
ҲûУҲǣûаվҲմȾħһоȣǸˣ
û뵽̶һʯһûһ˿ûһ˿ĶҪְ¹
桢ԣʱܾ类ǿߣһδһܡ
ΪΪߣֻȥȰ¹
̶ͻȻͷһϢ֮ͨ׼롣
ĿⶸȻͬץסݣһǷߣŴ½Ͻ磬жǰȾ
ͷҪһȥ̶
ȻΪٿȻת棺˵ߣ
ˣ
̶ʹȥûư¹Ͼ綾Ƿɺռ䣬ջǻᶾ
ⷽټĪǻܺһ̶
ΨһܾȰ¹Ļᣬ治Բһ֮ǰ͵֪ܵܶأŲòðշһԡ
漱æףǣǷߣΧ
ߣΪλأ
̶мֻɣָһİ¹
¹Ҳһ̣ŵͷҡҵȷǷߣ
ಣ
Ȼ̶һ¹ǰͷһɺؽӴ¹Ϣ
һûκ뷨ȴŽ
ԼʮϢ
̶ͻȻָ֣ͷźڰ¹ϣԼʮָڼһЩħ뺮϶ԿħǳԵ
ȻǷߣһһˣҪǿĶ࣬ǳ磬Ҳֻ½еķʿ˳ڻһַ֮δȫŴٶ


1541 ¹
ٴʱܶһ־綾̶һ˿ɫʣŰ¹Ӻ˴ڣ֣һߣɽ磬ܵɽ֮ϴϲ½糾ϢΪϻУٽ
ҡҲǶɽٷԵɾΪȥǺԨǺԨһţ̤ɽ磬ǰöɽ٣壬δɽ籾Դںϣ¹̫ǿңʵʵش
ԭˣֲϻ½ϢΪ㲻ɽٷַߣڶɽʱٻȥзϢϻ½ҲֻдǺԨϽһͣ
ܿԼѷ֮ǺԨɽ磬ġʵ軳ɣķߣʸɹڱ㣬ԸɹӴɹΪ𣬽ɹ󣿡
Ը⣬Ը⣡
¹ͷþ
ףΨһĻᣬ͵
ΪҪǣǣ̶¹ģܹҡ
ȻɹӣȻ㣬صɹп㣬ֻǱһħˣʲô
Ӱ¹ҹ£
ҹ£һ̿ʼ̶¼ӣŬȡгһգΪɹʽӣ

Ȱ¹ش
̶ͷһƬΪһڱ¹һ̣׼ȥ
¹ȴͻȻ̶ʦܲܡܲܰѵ⼸λѴȥɹ
û뵽¹顣
桢лָɵɿ󣬸мڴš
λڰ֮е̶丩ˣɹŮΪ𣬼̤ţǻȥ̫㣡
ڵӸոշϽ磬ְӣĲ̣֪ʦȱȱۣǵۣҲһݻر
û뵽£ģ
ʦȫ
ãͿģΪʦǻȥۣ£Ǻãɽ粻Ƿ磬ɽκһʱգȷһֻ֮ܶģĪô壬Ҳ׹ڰף
ףлʦһƬĽ̻壡
ˣʦΪʱ磬ⶾ֮ŬΪʽ˵
̶䣬԰¹ڴ
ͷһͷź˲䣬ڱһǰһա
ɽ߿գڷ磬߶ʲôȻƾΪȥǧ׶ס
նȥһ̸Ӽʶɽĺƺ
ţһ̤ʵɽǵһ˷ɡ
ȴͷԪ£ղǣ̫ðˣԸ⣬ǴŭʱһŬͰ׷ˣ
¹΢ЦΪҾһ¹ʲôˣҾú֪㣬Ʒǧ꣬ҲδˣΪҷŵ𡣡
ҡ
õ˳֣ð¹б֤
ǼҲðˣȥɹµۣҲðǿ򱶡
Ҳ֪ɹжԶ濪ʼд߶Ѫħͷͨ
ȷӡʱһóһա
ԼĪ£
·ɽɽˮԽһЩǳأ
ЩǳأԼɽƯţһЩҲˣʵ׳ۡ
ѽͥԼֹȥһ£ºǰͻȻ
̶֮ʱʱһЩӡԼΧɹ
һʱ
һ⣬磬ǰѩ壬ѩ֮²ɽȾֺԶԶܿһЩ¥Ư֮УѩҲƯ빬¥γһ
ۣɽ
̲ס
ʦ㣬ˣ
ڱʮ̤Ůӣ̶
Ҳ漸ģ÷ӡ
ִһڲҲǸնƯĹѩ壬Щ룬γɶ
̶Խʮ󣬲ڽһڲȻա
̶
ಣ
ǰֺԼ·طʮŮӣһ´磬ͨ˼Ůһ㡣
ЩŮӴͨһƤӨâŶˡĽݡ
Ȼͨˣ
Ů̶ǰһſ񣺡ݼʦ㣡
̶ѹգ뿪꣬һû͵ԪоϣճΪӢӣ
ףʦ㿭飡Ůٴι
̶ָһŮӣs˴ӴҵۣԺֻۻǸɣҲ̫ǣ
һŮһ£Ůһ䶼ϵһϻɼͨ͸ġ
ŮºأΧŮһδŨױĨ֬ûݣȴ͸ֳȾϢ


1542 ɹ
s
Ůs漸ǰΪĮ¿˿Żͷƣż˷³
Ůӵ̶¹Ưڸ߿һѩ塣
ã̶Ű¹
һѩ壬ѩ֮УһȪ
ȪһЩŮӣһ亮ϴȪ
̶δЩŮӷִŰ¹Ȼһɽȣһ϶
ΪʦɹϵϵӣҲҼʦ㻽ʦ弴ɣ
붴֮ǰ̶԰¹̡
̶ʦ𣡡Ű¹һ¡
˳ɱаħʿͨһϺպյŮӣڲ
̶óħͷͨʬ壬һɲǼ䣬þ˲Ůڣɽȡ
¹һ𺳣˭ƿأؽת
ǰһŮӰ֡
һͨʬ壬̶ֱóһľ񣬶㵣Ȼħ֮Ǽܣħ壬ɽټʱգ˵õ֮󣬿ܻᴫӴһ˴˿ԿƲˣ
̶£ħܣͨڣԴߣӺò׽ѹ
úãȥִԲɣ´ͣ洫Ӹһ̶ܽŮӡ
ŮӶޡ
ŮĿڲΡΡͷһ˿˿ħİ¹ϣ½ߣҹ£
ǣ֣֮ͨڵӼʱʩչɹͨħ⣬ֻѹ֮һħȻ͸ֻʦܾ
ˣ
̶һأһָӡѹڰ¹üġ
¹оκ쳣ָͷŵħһںϡ
Щ鷳ڴ󲿷Ѫ⣬ѪǣЩѶȣȲ
ָӡʧȴ¹϶һ㺮ϷŮ޵ĵȷ½ߣڻ½ʣҹͨһʮ˺֮ӵгԽ󲿷ǱҲϣȷǴǺԨðտʵ̤ɽ磬ڷ½糾
ͷʦΪӷӡħ¹¿ͷ
ȻΪɹӣҲӦõģŮȻһЩ̶ֶβִ񣬻һʳķߣ͸ͣŬһ̶ͣܽһ߶ȣΪʦҲ̤۷塣
лʦ𣡡̶ⷬޱȼ
ȥðһʱ䣬ħȥٺúýУаǷݣȱ𴫳ȥ
ףӸˣ
̶Сȥ
·Ѱɽ֮У
ЩƯѩ塢ȫ磬ϷãؾѰ
һͨǰûģɿ桢ţɹӣŮsѵ⡣
ҽsɹʽӣټճУȲ˵
ŮsָŸ߿գһѩ壺Զסһ㣬ʽӣԶȥϿգֻۣڵ棬ӣɹŮΪＸۣԼӣֻΪӣܳΪʽӣɹ߿Щǽֹһ
ǣŴǣϽش
ǱסĹأΪǲס̤ϿһᱻѲߵӵɱۣɹһЩ棬ԺһὫ棬ݿӡΪɹǲɹϢһʱ䣬ûԳ룡
Сļס
ֹش
ವһ£sԦǰһ߷壬նϣЩ߿յ
Χž뵣һнԲ֮С
˵ǹѾЩ¾ɣΧЩͨᣬܼһʱûɨ
᣺طʺУҪһǿմɹɽ磬ҪȥͥѰСҲҪȥȣ밢Ħ棡
ЦǺǵɹںΪһ壬һʥأϴǿø
Ҹѡᣬɿ󣺡֪ɹǺε
ɿҡҡͷҶͥ˽ⲻ࣬δɹڲ֮ͥУɹţ
ħͷͨԪҲûһ˿ħɷ֮ó԰ħͷͨһ־
ָ桢ţֵַһЩһ֣ԾȾȼһˣҲָ
һᣬƫмãռԼһĶ㹻һס
Ҳ೾н꣬û˾סʩչĨȥ˲Ȼһ¡
ʣ㣬߶־о˷ӿ
̷ħͷԪʼ𵴣ϤѪȫգϤѪоϯȫ


1543 
컯̫ҲɿЩǿֻҪɽӦ컯ǾͲȥ
ְй۲ĴУ桢ţ֣չ룡
ҪɽһںϹ̡
бƣұǿܸУ뵽֮ǰ¹ֻһ˼ǿ
ڴ־ͷѪѪأΧɽ羫
ղپһѪ桢ţС
֮Ϊħͷʵʼɱǳԡ
Ȼɽ磬ҾҪ־Сǧӡǣ廯ԪѪħ컯̫ӱػӰٶȣ
ɽޱߣͥɽ硢ʱԼܺøԶһӡһӡ
ʵ־СǧҲǿӡ̺鴫УѪȥδһǳԵޣţ
ҪһɹһʥأܸһǿĿռ䣡
ͬʱҲڷ㡢ƻ
ڹȻҪδҲԺһ򣬶ɹ㡣
ɣ
һº
sǰյأͷԪ
֮УһsѹϲϢԼɱ
sȻһ£ǸĿ
ɹʹɹ
ɹɹǳ˸߿ո߼طȥй棬ʱסʱһˣ棬ҪʼУsóƬ
ȥҴң˲Զѩ塣
Ƭһ¶һƻΪۣƬڻΪһƬ
ƬӦɽһֱڷ֮УҲʯȻĥ֮󣬳Ϊȵȡ
ƬҲһƶɣֻɽ磬κʡַɽ硣
ɿȿƬ۶֣Ƭ棬УоΧ΢΢忿£һЩ·Ȼ
ȷǱӦһǺú֮꣬󣬾ҪʼӦɹ
һ£ҸԻصΧᡣ
־Сǧħͷͨǿ󣬴߶Ƭ
û뵽Ƭû˿ӡڲǴġ
ɹ棬Ҳϸ涨۲ɹʳߣܵõΪӣɹ
۵һӲ뿪ɹҲ뿪ʽӴ죬ɹ֮У۵ӼӡʽӶ񣬸̤߼
֮УҲֵͼ߼߼ЩõʽɣȥһЩ߼ָۣ߼ۣܵõɵΪֻͨѰɵ
ɵ鵤ɽͨͨɵ˿˵ʹɵ鵤
Ȼ۵ӲɹҲȻòɹκһɱ۽ɹΨһôԵõ鵤̷ȷ岻ûƽƽһ˵ˣܵõʽΡ
۵ӹҲٳһŹȻףƿǱ½ڣֻ¼ٷ棬ϣ賤硢ڰˣܽƣ˵ڿԼŬҲΪһ
идĶֲ࣬鿴ʽӹء
ǵӹΪ̣Ҫÿʮ꣬Ҫһ磬ûֻԶΪӣ޷ΪʽӣΪʽӣÿɵǳ㹻Դо
УʽҲҪִи֮󣬻¼Ϊ͵㣬Թ͵ø߼Դȵȡ
ɹӵȼΪӣʽӣӢӡӡ洫ӡϵӡ̵ӡ
۸㲻ϵӡ
ɹһλӢӣӡ洫ӣǶһڡ
̶ǳԽӢӵĴڣϾsʽӣƬУûݡʵ޷ѹЩʽӡ
ɹһ棬κεӣֻҪ㹻͵㣬ټɹӵжȨЩȨõһרһӣҲӵжԵȨ
¼ɹ󲿷ͨͼҲᵽɹҵԿΪɹӴۣΪô
Ҳ֪Σ̶ʵԸͨħЩ
ûһ꣬ͽڲǵһ
ȻĺΪǳİ¹
룬¹Ƿݣ̶ΪʽӣӦⲻ
Ӧûж⣬ҵõԼɹȻĿǰһƬãҲԶ仹ҪΪǿ߾ȻϹ١
뵽ӡڻƤ«ڲϹݣȻʱʱ̱̿ĥҪǿ


1544 ɾ
Ƭϵ䣬ٴѪ𣺡Ҳûˣۣҿӡǣ
־СǧһŴͨԻС
ϳһɫâƲӳֶɣӡǣ
ڼ΢΢⣬ͷһâ
·ոմսս񣬴ͷŽԱ׵ӡǰ
οɲᣬǽӡȫ߶һ֮ʩչ
ͷ֣һȣ
ӡǲס˫֣ʱץɽâʱӡǰһһ˫֮ᡣ
γͷŽ⣬͸ŰԵϢͷ
ͷֻһ˸ߣ滹߳ߣﶯͷͻȻ֨֨졣
ڸͷǿѹμ䣬޷ųֶ
δսǵһʩչӡǣʵӦܿһ졢ɰɣ
֣ӡǱо꣬ƾ׻ְȫԵ
ʱ˵Сӣţ̶ʮ꣬ܽӡǻպãǻ
Īӡǻܣ¿ˣҲӺ档
룬ΪʿԼʿô͵ӵӡǣûͨ
ҲԣǰЩͨ
ϴͨһͫһȭ
ͫ
ȭ
Ȳ̰׷ʣľͲǰٴңͨӡǣٺ٣ҾжԵе̣
ӦãҲҪ˽ӡǡͫȭŶɣֻǴţҲ޷ܿ϶Ƿ죬ô˵Ҿô
ͫȭһӵʿһӵӡǣȱһ޷ֻͨѪûеõ޷ӡǣ
෴һģֻߣܵõߣããɽ磬κһˣ֪ӡҲ޷Ŵͨ
پ˵˵ͫȭҪǺˣΪҴδֻȻ󴫳ֻܽи㣬ԼȥںϣͫȭӡΪһ壬ѾӡǣӦͨ̿Уͨ
ӡÿߣյͨҲݴͫһԪͫԪ˫ͫױԪƣԪǳǿʺ
ȭһŹѧǷǳ޹ϵʱҲ翲׷ѰѧʱͨѧټǷͨΪ
ѧ
˵˴ȷİ档
ѧ
Ȼ֪ڷ磬˴඼ѧﵽʦ磬һƿɱǧ֮
ΪˣǽҲֻɱ֮Ȼʿأһɱ׻һɽ
ֵʵҲ̫˽ѧ˻֪٣Ҳʿ޷ѧʲôԿԼȭѧ磬ֻ֪ԶʱʱԹѧأ
ѧ
ͫ
ȭ
ö˶ԣӡǼͫȭǲ־СǧĴڡ
ȭһӴǺǣ㹻ǿˣ»ûгΪҲǳĴڣӵһо߱ͨЦе˵
˵գ
ٽƻΪ֣Լӡǣս֮дӿѪ֮С
ͨţ
ͣ
Ȼ䣬ͷһɽ
ͻʱҪɾˣ
ջõͨ־УһԪﵽ۷壬Ͻһ硣
˲䴫žžһЩ䡣
üֹͣʱӭһ̤ɾ硣
ѪǡѪ֮һ飬Ͼ壬˾ͻƶ飬ûзǰ㾪Ķǡ
ֻһ죬̤ɶ
һո¾磡
ɱ䲢̫𺳣ûзͻƴ˸о
Ͼɽ磬羳ͻƣԣᱻμ
ɶ淢Ȼһ֣ܵɽʼ޷ɡ
ʵԭҲΪɽ磬ΪˣɾȻǷ磬ζţԷΪȥɽ繦СȥͶȻǲɵġ
ھΣʴΪ޷˳ˣȥɽ繦ΪǷΪʵУֻٶ֮ǳ˰ˡ
ͬѰɵɽȴذٽȻס
꣬һʱ䣬˾Ҫںɹ󲿷Ϣ


1545 «ռ
棬ﶼǵһ죬ʵҪ
ҵҸطӡǡͫȭȭֹѧ󶯾
еһƿ
˼ãǰһĴۼᡣ
ɿ򣬱ϾɵͽλʵɿʵsҪǿһЩ
Σ
ûеλһˣɹֻܵۡ
ɿţץסƤ«ӡڷ䣬«ռ䡣
ɺռأȻ޷˵ɺɲһɱ
ͨǿǴɱ໥ɺɽһжѹܾͲᱻ˷֣
潻Ȼ໥
ȭͷֱץɱ
һʼںͫȭԻУöãͽͨǵ
ͫȷһԪͨԪͨκεط֮ٵرƷ磬źûһԪͨʱҲ󲻴󣬱ϾػԪ
Ͳһˣ˵ˣǻڣɽҲӲ
ͫԪΪȻͨԪ˫֮ͫУͫ
ԪͨԪ񶼲ѣΨһԪո·ߣ˫ͫѪ֮УʽУգ˫жپҶǳϸ΢δ
Ҫͫ統̤ǻһûԪһ˫ںϣսֱͨԪ֮֮УܰͫطԪͨ
ŴͨȷͫδӴһʽ
֮һأ絤һӵ硢Ѫռ䡣
Щռ磬δ忪Ǳռ䡣
оһЩǰռ䣬䣬ͨ־
ͫ˫ͫ۾δĲ֣ҪͷʼȻףжԣֻһ̰ˡ
̫ͫһעȭȻҲ˳˫磬ȭһŹѧ
ֽȭԶѧ
ѧжأ˽ȭˡ
ȭɲһͨһҲѧ
ѧͨʽչ֣ΪԴɱء
ʿкܴͬ
ʿҲ˲ֱͷΪֻ̺һֱӡֱʩչɱϾףֱӾͷţˮһܿͽһա
˾˷ҲͨͨԽΪֻüܴ߷ͨ
˱Ƚϣʿͨؽ跨ǿ
ѧͬ
ѧʽܼҲԭʼƻǲڷͨ
ú̹Ȼɿ׹ѧȭҪģǶŹж˽⣬Ҳʽ
Ҳڴʱ˶ʱ䣬ҵѧ뷨Ĳͬ
Ͼǧ꣬ҲѪԼǧ꾭ֱܷѧʿ𣡡
ɣӴѪΪһȵͬʮ䣬ȭͱҪӴΪԽ䣬ԽԪкܶʩչѧ
ˣѧҪ
δɽѲ㣬ټʱգҲ緲һ۳ңҾ͵Ϊ
ǿ󣬶ʵŵԣ
ȭʽڻͨԺԼݣϤ֮
ֿ໥ں«֮Уѽѷ֣ôӸɱĹʽɱĿǰ޷ֵġ
Ȼ뷨棬ʵ࣬ѹȳȥɿǿʮ£ǲ澳֮ʵ

һʱˣ
ɿ
ǼһǳɣӵɵͽλʵĴڣ䲻̶֣ҪԸǣ׾١
ڷɿǶǿʤϾɿĿˣҲû뵽ǼԶԸ
ֶ֪Σû˿ԶԸɿ
ɰͰʧȥɿ˲һɺռ䡣
ٺ٣ˣɱ²飡ͷţǰ
ǡҲ㣡
Сţּɵɿ
׻˵ã¶񰡣һԵˣɿֻร
ɿˣһƬ³ͽﴵɡ
̫ˣ
ȭŹѧһʮʽʮʽݳʽȴʽﵽʤо磬Ǿѧ۷徳磡
ȥںȭǵһУ



1546 ȭ
ȭǹѧ٣Ԫ࣬Ҫϣͨʽ磬
һУʵһƣ
ԪںϣͨһУپⷨŴӴ籼ߣһ㣡
һ㣬ǵһҪȥԡİڣһָҲһָо
ž
žžž
ԪںϣͨϣһУʱһںһ𣬾硢Ѫ֮Уγ֮ƣɽХ
оһ㣬Ѫ
һʧˣһΧһ˿̡ؿʼߡ
彥̤һâ𵴣˳һתڿһȭɱһѪɫâɱʮɹơ
ǿһУ
һУɼǺˮҲ΢΢ףΧȴһ«ڲâ޷֮ڡ
濴һĻϲʹࣺѧ̫أ֮ӵһɷǰɱһ籬һ㣬Ǹ̺Ѫⶼһ㣬һʧȥ֪
ɣ㲻̫֪߻ħʵ̫ܼܿޣǿȥһ˾Ӱ죬Ҫǿ󣬶㲢δӦһʽһδУ֮ϰߡʽʩչ㻹ǴӻʼɱҲǿ󣬻˼
ŷɿվֱһżŹѧһ뿴ȭж಻֪ˣ
ɲҪǿʿԶŴڣɰԼȥɣ
ƺҲû취ˣʧȥ
Ѫ⣬Ȼʩչȭһȫ˺ҧһܡ
Щϸ΢磬Ѫ֮ͻȻշ飬ǿʩչȭɲԪȵȣˡ
ѪʩչġԼҪʮָܻ
ͨԼѪԼһºڻָ糣
йһνѵ治çײ߶ȭһ֮УһУֱƿȭš
ȭ治򵥣ϹǻޣУӵпذʩչڷʩչһʽȫģԽһ½һȭ飬٣
һδУûκӡýӡȭֻҪɡ
£
Ϊﵽɾ۷塣
ȻһԾɿ
ϴ󣡡СţͰͣȫƣһϽԶɿ
ΪɿͻȻ棺ˣ滹ģ
Ȼ㣬ɾˣ̤˲ӡӿơ
ơ
֪ͷŽƣɿ󡢺ţǽƴžη
֮ƣȻоԵ
չ֮ǴžžĦҲӡǣͬâ֮У˫ûлû񸫣ΧȻϢΧâҲ֮ɶ
Ǻεͨǵɾȴâﵽָ߶ȣٺ٣Ҳĳˣ

һӰ˳
ͣ
˿Ӧɿǰһȭиոɵӡǡ
ӡǺȻһ𣬴汻ףӡǾȻɿһȭѷ졣
ɿ󷴵죺һȭеҵĹԹ԰ϴ⻹ǺεͨȻԵɾܳܵһһ֡ͨף
ϴ䣡
ţҲţΪǶ֣Ͻâ׾
ɿһȭڵʵûдӡǣҽһȭ𵴣
ΪϲȻ棬֮ǰûжգ׼ܵɿ
ӡǾȻסˣ
һϤɣӡϹͨû㲻𣿡
ϲҲˣ
ֶΣո޵ӡǰˣֻһ㲻ʲôΪɣ㼰񣬵ָ˸ʲô
ȭŹѧᷨӡͨβͬ
ɿȥ
ӡͻȻʧȻɿ֣
Сһ˫۴۾ǲǻͷˣɿǴҪԴ


1547 ɵ
أ
Ĵâ֮ը
â룬ɿƶƣײǳֲ

ֵڶϢͱˡ
ɿռƣֻǱɣδܵǱɿǳԾˣΪܱԽΪ֮оɲ࣡
ԣ
ɿƴȭͷ
һΪӵ壬ȴܱסɿһ˦ۣ졣
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žײּ汻һ⣬ɿռƣΪסɿ˫ۡƤ·Ѫߡ
ڴ߶Ƥ
ٺ٣
ɿһۣǰǱһץȭͷһαˣûˡ
ɿ󼸺ռÿһжɱұƵֻǱ޷
治ȭʽƤԽɷ죬ڻջ棬û
ԼĪֻмˣڹ̣ÿһȭһδγҶڻһ㣬ȥᱬը
ԺɣΪ̫Σ岻ǿԼǷȱȭã£ûУ㲻չѧ巽ʽ
У
ȭ
Ǽ
һȥţֳûɿ
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ȭΪ˲䰴ţ籬ȥɱΪʽͨҪӡȻںϣԪʩչ
ѧǳգղɿʱδʩչֻǰȭͷѣҴԼԪ
ҵڣһڲپľǴʹֻͨ޲ޣȻףȭˣŰʱʩչһֻҪУգش鲻پ磡
Ѫʼգܵһɷʸд濪ʼʩչɲ
˻ΪһƬѪѪзգֽħͷͨѪɡ
ɲ£ָٶȸΪˡ
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Ҳָ࣬뿪Ƥ«
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˼ʱsϷͷ΢΢ɿ⣬Բ˳
sһ˹棬û˵һ֡
ǳ⣬Ƕ࿴ɿ󣺡ܺãɹдۣ۶ȥʯڵ񷨴Ǹ񷨴Ǵɹλˡ
̶
񷨴ɹÿӳ⣬еš
sӰ㣬ɭɭѵ⣺Ǳݳ񷨴󻹻Ƿ⿪Ƿӣֻע⾫ӢЩʽӣۣ⣬ҪԼع棬úΪɹҲ۵ӽӣŬΪʽӣϣҲԴΪĿġ
ǣˣ˱ȭ
ⷽеһٶˣ񷨴ƿأҲֻжʮˣƽʱʽӻǼӺæɨеȵȣÿһÿһ˻õһƷɵʮΪޣʮ֮ÿõƷɵԺɴ˷ɵ
֮󣬼̬ȳ¿ңѽϰͬţԺʲôֱӴ߶ԪͨǾҪٶȸȥǰʲôǾͰʲô֪𣿡
ٴι
Ժʲô£Դ߶ңҪɹطǾͱˣǲɹط۲ɹӣ˽¿ɹδֹ˵Ҷ˵ˣԺԼ컯ڿĻҲпܳΪӣ
sο鲻ʱ䡣
Ҫģģ潻
ֹһЩʱգۿħͷͨͿһգôҷͷȥΧɽ֮УѰͨɲݡɹ
ɹɽиɲݡɹ̺һ㣬Ըոճɼ˶ԣȴǴô
ΪҲ̤ɾ۷壬׼̤ܳˣɾΪһĵɡ
sʱ֪꣬ͨɿȥһѩȡɵÿһţ
ɿɵû桢ţ̷ֵɲӭϴ衢顣
ɿԣˣһʣϸƷɵһ쵽ɷðˣ
Ҳף۲ܵõϺԴɵ㹻ˣòֵͼɵ͸̷
ɵ
ƷɵҲɵɿӵǼ˲ųɣȻкܴô


1548 ǱǱ
˲ǵɶҪҩ㡭ҪɵɿЩá
浹ںֲǸˡ
ߣӵ־СǧЩֲ
ɵдôͻҩɴʹá
᲻ð
ԼɵƤ«ʵҩƷ磬ܶҩС
ɽ磬ȴ֮͵ı
ˣΪǿҾȥɽרѰɲݡɹˣٶҲԺǿٸҾˣɿ档
ҲУרѰұԺ󲻻ĺô鵹оڴɿȥѰ
˼죬û뵽֮У桢˷Ӧԭһӣȥѩ
黹ˣ
潻һҪСʱֻ
СҲд˵ѩһһʯ֮࣬ҲԸֿʯ𣬶ȼнȥʯ
ûã׼ͻҲ˶һʽȥѩ塣
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ԶԶܼһЩͬΪۣһЩſڣɣ
һ⣬һӡǳһ֣֮Ҳټɽ㲻ʲôɶԣȴ޷Ĵڡ
һŮӦŮӶȻ˵־ҽƮѩ񷨴
һâӡĻɫӶڷɳ
ǣ
ӦһͽƯɫȡߡ
Ʈѩ
̶ⷽѰ֮ء
ɹһλӣŻϰ١پӢӡʽԼӡ
ղȨЩɹҪȥȡҪʣҲֻȥ̶
ɫӦþһŹͨʽ֮󣬾Ҫ黹Ʈѩ
һʱ濿зɱ߷壬ΧǻѩԽǿ嶥ϢԽǺ䡣
ʯֺΪһƬһЩ¡ڴŹ¥Ҳѩһ롣
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ͨƮѩѩһ¶ӡ
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һ㣬Ҳÿۣ뾡취ȥСǿԼҪɹطɹΪʥĴڣҲȥ
Ҳмۣһ˼ǿ󣬵Ҳûʵȥɽɼɲݡɹ
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¹ȣǵطԺȥģȥѰ׼ЩɲݡɹͨɵٽħͷʣྫںУҩܿɵ
֣
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ٶȣͷѪ棬ͨɲݡɹʼգɵȻᣬɽ磬ɵʵһģֻҪɽ
Ϊ̫ҲһϸʵɿҲ
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һ˲ˣ֪ʵһʽӶҲһЩӢӶȲ㣬Ҫʵ·СģʵʵΪЩӰ£УԽãܵõ౦Ժ쿪ˣҲǼҲܻ쿪մմ


1549 ͻƵ
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ԽǿɵֿЩɲݡɹնҺںϣƳ̥Ʒʸߣ
һ뵽ԼΪ޷ʽɵ뵽֮ǰõǿɵ
ͳɹˣֽƳͨɵǵָ̥桢ţ֣¶ʱܼһʱ䡣
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ͷšִӽϣӭһδ飬ѪǡѪ鲻١
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ӭͽϽʣ̥һҲʣʣħͷͨˡ
ӴԴŽ֮ʼӶ̤ɾ
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ڷҲǾ۷壬ɢ⣬ɾ޵еĴڣ̤磬Ҳ͵ǰɡ
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ڣɿץһƬâˣʮӢʽȥɹ·Ǵɹ롮̫潣šЩӹȥǸȥѪѲߣ֮УֺЩΪɹɲݣõʮɵΪ˿Էɵ
濴ô౦Ǹֺһʣ̫潣
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ǧǰɹһʱȷɵȥռ죬ɹһɽһ̫潣ţ֪Ҳɳǰ
⼸ǧɹ̫潣ΪȨɱȥɹٵͬˮ̫潣׼ǿпʱɹҲҪǿƳ֣
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ϧûͥͼǷֲ巽λ
̶£ʮ˽ǧɽ氵ӦΣϢǸ̫ˣһЩϢɿ࣬ɿҲҴ⡣
һƬǷɽΧǰγ棬ʱʱڸ߿γĦ֮ơ
ɿ棬һɹһ̫潣ţƣΪˮ𣬽š
һɽȣΧһƬҲɹŮѲߣᾫӢӡ
ڽ첻ٶǧɹӣ̶ָ߸ϷӣҲв٣ӶڶڣsʽӾͶˣɼ


1550 ǧɽ
ҲٶˣеڶվţеһЩɫʯһ쾮ʱʱɹеӣÿռָһЩʯ
ûаϢħһδɾ
sƮѩӣһϴ󶴸òֵȥѲߣʣӳۣԽ붴Ϣ
ϣܼ¹ϧһϢҲδӦ
ţ֪ͨǣʮŮۣȥϢ
ʣɿš
ȻΧɹǷûб󷨸ǣ˼֮׼ͻƵɾɴ٣ǵѰԳȥ
ɿΪѣɲףҪԳȥһʱ䣬ھӢƤ£ܶܳ⴦Ӫأ
ֻܵȥ
ҲǺæµʱʱȣʱ䶼ڶʵȺš

һ죬ȻΧʮһӢɽ
䣡
ɽգͻȻһװը죬Ƭɽ߿𵴡
ۣ
桢˲䱻ıͿգ̲סѪ
ɿΧ󲿷ۣһòѪ˻˹ȥ

֮Уâէ֣һӷ̶ȥ
м쳣ǿϢ̶Ҳ޵طƬ
Ҳ츳˷֣ϴдڱӦɱɹһٶָȥ
ܿɹ̫潣ţΪˣôǿ߶ȥˣǸ鷳ǿӶæȥ˵꣬ΧһЩɹȥ
ȴãһŮӱм˻ʱΪʬ塣
ɲǰ򵥣ɱ
ЩҲæµsչ˵ӣɳһһЩʽӣ˵ͻɹ
ɿsԽʵǿɿۣһҪƮѩŮӣͻɹûиɿʽӣ۵·
Ȼɿʵɸ߶ȣپӢӣ
氵мΪ˷ܸɿһˣ·ЩŮӣ;㽫ҷ£Ϊڻ㽫Щͻɹʱ;нұǣʱöȹɴ٣
ˣ˷ģ
Ůӣɿͷ桢ˣһŮնȥ
ɳǧɽŮʱʱ̿ʹָ״̬£޷ҲڴʱɿͷֶΣһڰա
ٻԦǧ״֮С
ɿؽ£ҵץʱ䡭
Լ죬вϷɳۣǧɽһھɽ֮Ѱһȡ
ʼͷڰԪѪȼգһԪϳ
ѪԽҫۣڽѪɫڷڡ
һ£
ͣ
һЩ˫ͫ䣬ʱճֲƣǧװգü⴦ɽ϶ˣɽֺᣬ𽥻ΪһƬ߰ﾪ˽ơ
ͨɴ٣Ҳû˰Եɣ
ɴٶԷǳϤûй׼ɲڿնͬʱһ٣ںϸֿ½ΪһӴƣԾ̩ɽѹ
һ٣治ʵͷųѪһʱ䣬ǧ𻢡һɱ١
žžž䣡
ǧϿգһ˲䱬´ƣһδεըѣ׵緢Χ𻢡顣
Ҳɱһ壬һƣɽҪԸ½ɴ٣Ȼ׾٣
ҲʮϢһȫ棬һǿʵһ顣
˲ǵڶػδҲг׼ġ
ٲͬȥ飬ҪľԼģ־ԽǿҲ׶ȹ١
ӽƳֲٿٶڣһЩϢȫѪ֮ͷš
潥ʧȥоѹȣҪԸʱҲᱻѹˣѪ
˫Ϯ£澹޸оδ˶ȥԿǻ⣬ǽ
ٶκһâһϢʿþ
һ˿˿ھ֮лܿڲ֪ʶ
£ʿɴ٣ǵڶػ󣬽ȫ߶ͨԪ񣬿ʶоǿ־Ըý١
Ҳһˡ
ġľǳǿ󣬾ǧУӵм̵ģôͲ»ýٿʴʶʿɽʧܡ
Ʒǧ꣬ʿǧ꾭κʿҪʡΣգʿһαչأ꣬ȴʱʱ̿Сͻơ
ǧ£ӵһʯľ


1551 
һ̣֮ѹȶӿƤ沢δͷͨԪȥԸɻ
ֻҪһ㣬ֹˮƽ
ﲻǲɱֲƣΧ顣

Χʼɢȥһ˫һ棬ɱգ顣
ڶػǹȥؾǻɣҪɷ٣̫ףԴϾΪɣһ顢
ɣ
֮ǰأɹ塣
ΪҲ̤ɣ٣һΪһûһ˿糾ˡ
ػɣ
Ȼ£ٽΪ⣬һЩ׵磬͡һƬѹ
һûзҲû㣡
屻Уһʱ䣬ױߣžžʼը
Ѫһ㣬ƤѿѪ֮жʡϴĶ
Ҳǿ಻ԣֻš֣ɴôΪʿëϴ裬ϴȥʣ̥ǣ塣
֮ǰɹ壬һ֮£Ҳڶ塣
һδ֮ǰһ飬һθࡣ
ʹְ泩Ϊ֮򿪷ɽ֮Уܵѹȡ
һˣسΪɽһӡ
̣
˲ռ䣬֮ɱѪ֮ʣһⱦҲ֮£ͷŲâ
ɽ
ϲ⣬ɽڱ֮һ⼣ʧ
Ǻǣջ񰡣ȥɽһؼգջ
Լʮδϴ裬ɷëϴڳ
֨֨
ö
һΣΪɫɽʯƤ«ʯж
û뵽춯ԺְһѪѽʹӸðʹ࣬
ǡֻƣ
ڣ
濴Եػɴ֮֮ǰһʱ֮дԡ
֮ɱ֮УһֱǱԺĳѪƣҲӲ֮ˡ
ˣˣӵƷ֮⣬ż֮У뷽ѩһֻƿƣЩһֱ޷ѹ֮޷ܣ¿ν㾾
ͷͨԪּԺƱ֮Уһпʼǿҧ顢ץѪĤԾ磬ӳ
Ʋ뿪ͻȻͷһͨԪɱһƣžһ͵Ϯɱơ
ƺһҽУ
ɱʶ飬֮ʣͨԪͷŸǿҪɱƣȻܵƾо˾綾ԼӴʶ
ɱˣǲ̫ϧˣ
ƣ
һʦԪʣõǼֻƳ棬ǳƳС綾ָ
Ƴãᣡ
ֻƱʮԺ֮УմΪʵ
ֻʵ֮һһƣܴܰô
ֻʶ̫ӣܱ׿ơ
ƣֶȻͫһҲǷӡħͷͨһԪ𣿺ٺ٣ͨԪԪȻٿƶᡢͨʶܳ׿ֻƣ
취ˣȽƤ«
ԼĪ˵죬ػɴ٣һ̶֣ȴﵽųɣһɣȫ顣
ʱò˿ΪģֻпͨԪ
⻯Ϊ鳱ӿڣžʼڱը֮ܡ
ҵڶ壬ˣӴ˲ãһˣǰɣ
ʹ켸ʧˣȻ޷ƣܿڴ£ѪǡѪɽʼӷ˾磬ɡ
ء
Դһ塣
ȻĳͨԪ֮£֮ǰڴ
ഫ֮ǰǹ죬濴ϲؿ򽣬ΧͷŴһʱϢںϡ
һЩϺƣӿһֻâسһ״̬
Ϻһûһμڱ仯
Ϣ֮󣬺ԽƺЩƣҪֳ飬漫ΪĪҽ֮ʣҲĳֱ仯ɣ
ϧ޷ʲôֻܿھںϡ
֨֨
һ̣ƣͷźâ˲䣬кâһߣͷҫۻâ
â̵ͨԪڲ·䣬ĵ¶޷ֵͷŶĻҫ

һȻڴ
漱æӭŻҫȥٹҫϳһɫƣ·һУݺݽп


1552 
򽾹һΪΪֻ򽣬ʱֻСУ
С򽱾ͺ񣬴ʱҲԷֱʲôûС㡣
С֮ǰСһЩÿ߳򽻯ΪС㣬ӱˣҲһЩͬ
ɫȻֻ磬һһЩɫƣһСһЩơ
Сһһ̫С໥ȥ̫ͼһģһ
ҳһ̣һγֱ仯ʹһΪΪС㣡
˵ҳ֮󣬾ܿʼ߶С㣬ԺͽɣʵҲ򽣬ܸоֵֹģ
Ѫɫռ䣬С㣬氮֡
õǧ꣬δںϣΪ֮󣬾ھںϣ쳣
ԼһΪ㣬쳣뾫ںϡ
Ҳй룬̤ɣЩʱ򣬵һˡ
һ̶ȣ濪ʼ߶־Ϊڡ
֮ʼһ֮д󣬾ůӿڡ
ζԣ
ԼĪʮ죡
ʧ󲿷֣ҲҲȥ
˳ɹɴ٣ſۣһ廯ΪëÿһϢһͬɶ
ȫÿһƤӤͯһۡϸŮһۣ
ͷŸӦܺ׸ӦΧһʣ΢΢ͷ򣬾ܽΧۼΧ
ɽȻ飡
ڴ֮ǰǰɣӵ徳ȴǷˣɣ
ɽ֮ɽ緥ëϴ裬һʵˣҲܵɽ
ʧȥƤ˿΢΢˸һ߲Ϣ
沢δѹ֮Ȼɽں״̬ھҲͷš
߲ϢǴն߲ף׻ںϳΪ߲Ԫ
Ϊˣ߲ԪԵںϣʱʱ̿ھ磬ڷ·ǻأӵиɻ絮
й帲ǼֻӦ֮Ϣɢȥ֮мԻΪ档
Ƥÿһë׷·һȴ򿪣ܿܿӿϣͨȫںϡ
زѪ𻢡ںһ֣Ѫ̺
ʼͷɽںϣһ̣ɽҲģɽ⼣Լһ˿˿ھ
ɫںٶҲӿ첻٣Ƥ«ΪɣɫøΪƣܸоڲɺռ䣬һ޴硣
˲룬̬ҲΪһƬâһƬ񷡣
ڲѪɫҲһɽ籾ԴںϣǿƷݴ½ʯԸٶȣںš
ʯ
֮뷲ȫ״̬
ǰʯںϣҲʯϢԼ
ʱ˿̾Ͳͬˣʯ̺ŴԵǳͣоһƽоʯ֮У͸žһϢ
Ѫɫࡢʯںϣʱͷ΢΢ӦܽΧʮɽȻƿء
ˣ
ȫˣǵһΪ
һΪζһոտʼķ˰ˣһƿؿռ䣿
һɣ˵ƿʮɿռ䣬һҲУΪͼû塢Ϊ޷ﵽȻ߶ȡ
ʴˣ̤һɣӵƿɽȻֶΣϲֶΡ
ȻҲͨˣ仹ǵɣǷߣ½羭ǧУо̺ءȻã̤ɽһ̣Ҳͱɽԭסо顣
飬ǵģǵۣǷ߲еϱء
ɽԭסҲͬһҪһʼ塢ʼӡһͻƣǸ磬ǸƿɽȻ
ΪΣɽ磬ͻΪκҪӣҲǺܶ˹еԭɣ
ΪԼڷ羭УɽгֶΣɽԭסΣΪˣɽݲ÷ߣЦ߿ԼڷУһ߳ģɽԭסĽģ
ںϡ˽⣡
׷ɽԭסĲ࣬һ㣬Ҳһֲ
򽻯Ϊ㣬ɱջ񣬾ʣʯˡ
忪ʼ־ԼСǧͬʱעַԪ
ԪʯƯھͨԪԶ֮УʯһҲ΢΢˿
ʯ΢΢ͷϢԪںϣͬҲھٶȺٴ֮ڿʯ׿ʼںϣǿȥʯס


1553 ƿ
ͨ
ֿһԪӡ
ڲеħԪƯ֮ǰɱİħͷͨʣһԪ
㡢СǷߡ
Ԫӡǰͨʶһˣһ˿ԪȻ޷
֪ݣΪ˲
Ϊˣ̤һɣѲͨУȻǷߣҲɥУͨҾҪΪܣѡ񣬵һԸΪãһǱʶȡһм䣬ɱһ
𡢱ɱңһߣҵһɣУҡ
Ϊͨᷴû뵽һͬˣ
Ǳֶųġ
һֻʮƣҲɴϴ裬Ʋ壬ҲǰˣںϣΪһֻƣԺҳϣҿԸϹУɱɡ
ںϣ
Ը⣿
Ը⣬ҡԵΪЧȮ֮һ˿ԪںϣҲ³ΪһֻƳ棬δҲٴγΪˣ

һħͷΪ˻Ըһֻںϣ
ܻУлΪһˡ
ܱȱԪ񣬶ʶһɢ³öˡ
ʶɺռ䣡
Ծͨںϣͨ˳ƣҲ
գۼ䣬ɺռ䣡
ͨ𺳣ڲǬɺ磬ţ벻ɱҲǹˣǷΪζֹǲصõģ
Ϊ浹Ǻ
ǰЩйʱϹʱķ֮Ϊȫһ߶ӵŰԵȻͬǾ³ûҲûκϢһͨһ߶ݽ
ɺǴصõģڷֻǴһˣǺԨأɽˣ
񣬾Ȼɽ绹ǷˣЩҲһɽ磬Ҳܿɣɽ磬Ƿ޼ΪȻɽߡУɽ磬˲䱻顢Ѫ
Է˽⣬ܿ«Ʒ𣿡
Ϊؽסʥס۽ƷʣÿƷƷƷƷƷ֮𣡡
ͨԪʵʵƯһ࣬ɺѹƣʵش𣺡ؽɱΪҲʹõؽʥϱˣǿ߲ʹã
ô۽أʣҲ̾ϢɱҲΪôƷʡ
۽׾Ǵ˵֮дˣ˼ûȷ治ڣӦôڣϾɽ֮󣬱ͥ󣬴˵һϵ۽һƬһͥ¿ڻƤ«ʲôƷʷ
ǵؽף
˿ЦƤ«ǹܴԶŴһ˵ǵؽӦһʥʥ֮ƷƷƷǼƷҾͲ֪ˣҲûʵ߶ʥ
ǿħǺεƷɱ
˻ǵãǿħǵؽƷƷƷԣҲסǿⱦһ֮ɼжԵǿڱҲʥס
ɽ
Ƥ«
ǹǲĴڡ
Ϥɱ֪ʶɻأͨԣؽɽ綼ǱοʥףôƷ֮ɼȴಭ׽ɽħȦȵȹлƤ«ǳΪһƬսżǾɱ
ֵͨˣɺռ䣬ʧ٣ԺѰ֮ϴ裬ָǰɣɺƴںɰˣ

һӡ
ӡֻ֮Ʋ֨֨ҽУϻŲơ
ֻƳʮƳ棬ɽҲֻʦӴƳ棡Ƴͨ
úںϣѹƳʶʶԺΪЧȻٴ棡
ǣ²ģܸߣ㲻ߣҲԵ
ƨ
ͷѹƣͨ׼ᣬ৵ضڣηû˶
ͨһԪܿ콫ʶƣҪһʱ䣬ƿơ
ͨ㣬ħнⶾʽһ̣һ࣬ͻȻ뵽¹
ͨĻӦȻнⶾʽֻǽⶾ֮ﶼڿռָ㽻̶Ҫܻ
ǾˣλѼɹ̶Ϊ·ˣƻЩȥƽ綾
ˣȻнⶾ֮ɹи¹ǷߣȻ⡣
ͨɺռںϣɺͱ⣬ʵ̫С޷ǿ


1554 
Ƥ«˱ǺǣǿԺһܼԦ㣡һ뿪ɺռ䡣
ʶع鱾ǰ¹ȥ
ͻһɣ˲غԪ䣬߲ԪǺܰԵ
㣡
ָһ㣬ɽٲȥһ£ɿƻһʱֿܸʼע㡣
Ѫռ䣬ڼֻ㣬ֻСѪɫռ׷ȥһе̫ͼ
΢΢㣬û뵽״ǰޱʵ
ӦֻС㣬ɫƣûһ˿ǿϢҲûһءδ֪Ϣ
֪кãҲ֪Ƿǡ̫ˣǿ֮к
ںıҲԵ
建ɾˣķǳɣҲо
ȻӡϳһЩƣɲǻΪӡǣ
һףӡǴһץ񸫣һʯǰһ
ʯͱú¡ըѣ˲ʧ
Ȼʯ£ǵһܴģһˣɽͿȸոķˣԴɽʣ
ٿȻʿ
һ߲׹˸֮лΪһ߲׹⽣
û뵽߲ϴ裬߲ԪҲˣϵֶΣ
ԣ׼Ԧ߲Ԫ
δٳɲѪѪֶץʱϽУȡﵽһ硣
ָȥ£
ȻһϤԪӸ߿մ͸
ɿ桭
ֹͣУ뿪ȣʮȴƬ̣ɿˣֻصǧɽ
ɹӪأи˵ӣһһٶˣνʧأ
sҲˣ̫أ
ɿsȻһʯ̧ۣʬ
sһָĮٽЩ̫潣ʬóȥԶһ㣡
ʬ壡
氵ˣ
ǣ
ɿҲһ˷֮ɫЩ̫潣ʬ壬ɹԣ㲻ϣֶ֪
ʯһû뵽жʮ̫潣ʬ壬ɵ֮䣬ܶʬϱп˿ڣͷҲѪд˺ۡ
һǱץƹ
һ˿һʬ뿪ӣͽʬƤ«ػָϽȥʬ塣
õʮʬ壬ڻƤ«֮У˶ԣǿΨһֶΣҪʬ壬ҲҪʲôɵ
ϧʬ嶼ûʲôƷԱɹһա
ɿȻȥs˵滹ʬ壬ҵһʬ壬ʵɿ󽻴꣬һϻӪء
ʱΪ޷ֱһʬ壬ֻܿʩչ
ͻһɣԴû뵽صǧɽ͵õôʬ塣
ȻˣĿǰǿԵģҲЩϾһɣҪʬ壬ҲҪһʱ䡣
Լ˳һʬɵøɸɾʣ¸ʬ
ΪһѪصӪء
ѪɣˣȥҲһУǿ󣡡
ɿԴӳԵɾôһ
˰Ѫɰ紿ڷգԪ롣
涼޷ܣ̫ӴһҪʹɿɾ
ֹȥ£ƶһЩ桢ʵǿ٣ͻȻ˶
s֣ˣһЩʽӻϣʮһ
طսķ棬s˺ۣƬѰķ
ԭɹ̫潣ʱһͣսˣ˫ɱɱȥһɱܿ챬
֮Уʮɢɿ汣һξ룬ʽȥΧѲߣսͽۡ
ûпռָģʴ·ַҲزסʽӲЩۻᰵֽš
ţ
һ£һֱûзʲô֡
ȴȻһȻͨϢǰ洫ɳ۶ȥһ⣬Ӽʯ·Ӧ֮ǰǹϢ

߶ʯߣһʬ壬ڷ֮УԱһɽ
̫潣ŵʬ塭
⿴ʬ壬̫潣ŵӣһҲİͻȻ£ȴʬָϣռָȡ¡
ץǿ
ȱóȥȡԴУ
ոץɽоɽܿͨǵħȣҲ˵ǵؽƷɱ
ǵؽƷ¿ɷˣȡɵʬ塭ͻȻʬ壬̰ؿһÿ͡
еؽƷɱǾһɰ


1555 
ಣ
˭֪һͻȻ֣
ɲתͿһӣ̤һڰɽͷ΢΢Ϣں̷֮һ˫ͫɱ档
̲ס˺һ̫潣ŵӣ
Ϣɽɽһۣףʦʬ壬ң
һ𡭡ɣˣԷһɡ
һ֮նɱʮΡ
ɽʬ塢ռָԴʱԣޱҪǿıϡ
˰̫潣ŵӣû뵽治ûʬ塢ռָɽƾġ
һ
һɱҲͷųΪŶһۣȻ㵨̫󣬾Ȼɣ

̤ɽһɱָϲһն棬Ҳ
ȥүģ
ʯͷһȥ
ݣ
ɴʯ赲ɣȻܣɽͱ飬ٻǱһЩ߶֮ߡ
һۣһһɣͷ˸߼ͨٴˡ
ۣǰ򵥣㣡
һٶȣˣָϲӸ߿ն
һ̣׼ͷųɽͻȻЦˣ
䣡
һɫӰӣһɱ漸Ϸ˲ײķѣ
ԸˣҲ䣿ɿǿɱٶƣսס󷽣ɱɡ
һۣ
һӵɵۣɹʲôʱ۶ˣ
˴һɿٶסˣ
ԥ䣬ֹϳ֣
ʱһŮͷŹԪѹ𽣷磬ɲ̫潣أ
䣡
һӴֹ˸ոɱһǰγһƬұը
̶֮sԼüŮ
̶㡢Ҽס̫潣ţΪ𽣷Ǹɣűը֮Խնߡ
ˣ
ԭһֻֽϻ̶һɱŵòսˡ
̶أÿӽ£һ̫潣ŵӣһʱ֪ң
Ůȥ
̶Ŀ⣬ϣϢ֮󣬲ŷʣã𽣷һʱ֪ͨң𽣷̫潣ŷӣΪλ
Ƿӣ
汧ȭС⸽ѰңͻȻһ̫潣ʬ壬ոտ˭֪СһɽǸ𽣷˲֣˵ʬʦܣֽʬ塢ɽȡߣСļʱȣűסС
˵ǵ˫ʱսҶðգܺãסһʵΪӣ߸ϵ̶εǶһ۵Ӽ
뿪Ƭ档
ɿ˷û˺󣬲ǰˣû°ɣҾڸٶƣԳ𽣷編Ϊһ֮˴߶ɱֵҲˣ
ȷһߣ
ӣ
ٶȻͨǶ֡
һôδ̵ɿСʵ
ɪɪһЦӲƽ޹ҪɱһۣǾʬУһɽһöռָһ̫潣ɵӣռָһвԴ
Ȼˣ̵ôˣɿ֪ǲԿġ
СˣɿһжʽӷΧս
صӪغֿʼһʬ壬գʩչɲʬ徫ںΪѪ
ʱƳʮѪһɱ
ʬ֮е۲̫ǿ󣬵Ͽռǳ䣬ϧЩ̫ͨҲѪʣ
ʱһȥֻҪʱ䣬ÿ϶Ѫ

ѸоԪﵽ۷壬硢Ѫռ䣬״̬
Ҫͻˣ
òѹƣΧɹӣȻͻơ
ˣѳɹںϣӴҾƣ
Ƥ«֮УһԪ΢ش߶󷨡
ɺռ䣬ڵţһ˵ħͷͨ
һʶͨϢȻǳɹˣԺϾһֻƿܡ
Ѫͨץһöռָ
ͨΪĴָСһ۱ռָɿռָ̫潣ţ
ģռָѰָûʲôͬ߶ԪȴںϷӡ
ɿʵһ𵴣ɱռָڲӡݿ顣
ڲһռָֻɿռ䣬뷲索ڲռ࣬ûֺ֮嫡
ڲŸʯҲиɹɲݣһЩŽӡؼ«رĿ⡣
ͨһ«Ϊܣˣ«Ҳһֿռ䱦ȿռָΪ߼֮Ϊһ«ͷ΢΢һרŴɵʯϸ߼ƶɣȻ״̬£«ڲ˽ɵ«ڣԱɵҩֿɵʱʱ̿


1556 Ӱ

û뵽ȷǸ߼ռ䷨
ռ䷨ڷҲǼٳֵģֻټƤ«ΪĴڡ
ռ䷨˻Ƥ«κοռ䷨޷
һֿԱ«
«ɫ«ֵܣ÷ֱ档
ڶ«ϢԲһ֮ǰǸ͸«͸΢΢Ϣ
ͨרŴɽɽ֮Уʱʱ̿뽣һУӦòƲãǵؽƷΪҪǧ꣬пܽƷΪ


԰
ˣЩǵͼ֮ͨУѾˣϿռ䲻иĻƤ«԰«תɹ̫潣ŵӣȻɱ֮
ǹɺɫʧͨ˻Ƥ«ãռ䣬ʱʱ̿ؾΪƤ«߼ǧ򱶣ҿƤ«Ӧþһָ߼ռ䷨˷Ȼòͨ
棬ϧ桢Сţȱֿռ䱦װɵѪɽ
뵽ôˡ
ͷʶһȻɵ֮һƷʵҩ֮һǺϸƷɵʣ֮һƷɵ֮еļƷƷɵΪĴڡ
һɵɷúϸɵɾǷƷ۷嵤ҩ
ҩˣ㹻ʮУϲú
ֽһɽһǵؽƷͨɡʹ÷
һǵؽƷʹ÷
һӵɽ
ּһץһһɽ
Ƿʬʱõǿɽ
ͨˣһɽҲǵؽƷɱƷʽؽƷ㹻ʹã
Ƕɽǿȥ
ɽһڰǵɡɡõɱȥҲһʴǮ
ɽװֱӽ棬ռ«
ԼţвǡɵɲݡɹԼ̫潣һ׽
ò󣬿ϧûջˡ
ʲƸȫÿɹһһɵһʲƲζһˣɹǿȥ
ɹһֵӿʼ룬̶ֻsʮλҲ뿪ǧɽ
ɹ
ţС棬һʱ䣬Ҳûʲô£γȥΪʽӰ°ˡ
õѪɵԴһǶЦúϲ£죬ȻҲʱʱѪԼɵ
ã桢ɿֱsȥΪص¯s
У淢ɵ뷲ַ̡һΨһͬǣ˷ӡԴΪˣɵ֮л̺һͨϢ
̶ĳҲָs̶֣ڼ죬һƷɵ

ʽӢӣһһŵҩ漣ˣʽӣһŵҩ
ص¯ʱ䣬sƳʮƷɵ
׼ͻƵɶ졣
ˡ
ͻȻһ죬Ҫ֮ʣ֮кȻоһϢѩƬɽ
뼸ֹͣУȴϢ֮󣬾̶sԼŮӷ
һŮӣ桢¶ϲЦݡ
¹
濴棬ˣϴûˣΪӣ
û¾ͺˣĿǰɽ磬Ųµһ¡
ӭˣ̶
¹ûжɫʱ˲٣̶񣺡ʦ㣬ЩۣǵңԺôиգ
Ȼû⣬Ǽӣʸ߼ۣ
̶׺Įɨ·ˣӴԺǾ͸ҹ£ĺ
ǣ
һΪͻȻ۾ס֮ء
ಣ
̶sһ
¹ų˵ͷҲȴᣬϽ׼һ뿪⴦üɽȡ
뿪ɽѩ壬ɽһѩкЩ¹żһͨ
һӡΧѩ£Ӱλɾ֮С
ѩǰоǳ䣬Ϊ˺䣬ֻ˵ʵ̫ǿʵȻܵͨȻԼ
¹ҽܣɹҵĶ̤뾫Ӣӣȥ߿Щ߼ԺǾУ
СΪ˷ܣҲãԺɹи֮ҲȥΪȥЧרУ
ⲻʦ𣿡
һâһŮӼԦϼ֣ԸһĿ⣬Ű¹


1557 ɶ
Ժֶһλýãҿ˭Ƚʽӣ
һһλƮòŮ
üˣǼӣ󲿷ֶŮӣֻһеӣ¹λˡ
һ˾񰸰ϵʳģ˴ȥ
񷨴γȥִնɱħͷģ
ܱ񷨴ϣֲأ
ЩŮӨȸΪ֮òڣ񼫻ڻֺ֮ѩŮ
԰¹ԣЩŮиоκУоŪ
ǸۺƮѩ֮Уʵǿģǧɽõ񷨴أû뵽ۣҲһ͸
ʵ
Ůӷںɿ
һʵһʵۣǶˡ
ѰʲôҲ͵ɡʵһӵʵҲ̫Ѱ
³ɹе֮£
²ˣ¹ǹ񣬾ۼɫɫĿ£żһС
ΧҲɢ
ڣԼףڲռĶʯʯʣҲмʯɵ񴲡
ܷڶ֮У񴲹ɽҲһ㣬Ȼ˲һɣһΪ֮һǵ󣬸Ϊ档
ҲԶ˽⣺ǼõģӵоۼܣͨɷԪ
濴Ĵò񴲣ǣ
лϴ󣡡ǿɲһռһ񴲡
룬оΧھۼ֮
ħɾ̶ʵԻħͷż򵥾˸ɣʵ
¹ɶЦʵ̶֣ʦһϵӣ̫ˣϵһ־ͽħѹһʱ䣬ͽħ󲿷֣ʣ⼸꣬ҾԼɹ֮ǰòŽħɾ̤ɣ
ϵӣ
ϴ
ô̤ɣο־ϲ
һϵΪϴ裬Ϊ䣬һһֱڰ֮ȫԪ״̬ͿͻƵɶ죬λϵֻ˳ˮۣһѣΪӵʵ
ϢˣҲõöǽܳһʱ䣬ÿɹԴУõһڵؽƷɽøã
ɲǿһ棡
ɳ̫潣ʬʹõɽ
¹ɽһüɫ裬ǳϲԸţɽвں΢΢͸ԵƣϢ޷뽣塣
ϲޱȣͷʼգһڵؽƷɽ㹻ʹõģҲֻܴ߶ɽɹܴ߶ɽɡ
һõʮ̫潣ʬ壬ɵţһŽŰ¹ϲɽá
ɽƾ˲䣬Ϊɡ
Ĺһ˾͵ץʱ䣬ʼУǰ¹ﲻɣǲܳΪʽӵġ
˲Ѫɫֿ࣬ʼһ̫潣ɵʬ塣
֮󣬽ɵںϣȥһ£Ƴһſ̺Ѫ
治ܽһʬƳѪ߳ɣֻʣɡ
˭ôʮӴûԴԼУǧͻһ磬Ҳܿˡ
ҪƿףдͨྭøΪ䣬ʵܸΪǿ
ΪӣȻҲ
ζõκԴ߳ɡ˳ɣҪĴȥɡС
Ϣ֮ǰԵ
ãӰ¹ͷһ
Ϊһ㣬һֻҰɫۼһƣʵѾںϣγһ硣
ӲҲﵽ졢죡
ͣ
ѪҲڷȼգ󲿷ֻ滯Ϊͻһֻ滯ΪΣС̬
ѪҲᣬʩչ־ȫϣԴͨྭʹΪӴ
ɾ
Ҫͻƶ죡
Ҳ̫潣ʬռָѰĵá
鿴ɾͻҲ顢ΪɾҲҪΪ
ƿصɾҪͿʼȫһ۷壡
꣡
£
һɽʹ˫ͫͷ֮ӭžž飬ڶγͻơ
ﻹãУ¹ͲУ̫̫ȥڣԦѹƣñ˷֡
ϾҲǷߡ

ɿ˶Ƿߡ
ܿһδ𵴣ϤѪѣԼҺʱʱðΪһ̯ȳ
ȼʧͷһâ泤޷¹һĻżصС


1558 
ɣɣɾֻ˻У綼Ƕ壬ͻ֮ʵû֮ǰ
ɣ
ȻˣҲоһﵽ߳ɣܵĸоԣûɱС
ԶȲһЩѪɫ໯ΪһƬɫ
ԼһҲһͨԪҲ١
ʵԵģ屬ʵܿ졢ɡ
һճΪɣɲǰͨˣټɽ磬ɾ緲ķ˲࡭
дſɵ
Ϳʼ־ʼ
ʵӦÿԽøΪӴǡ
ˣУǸоϡ
óһٶʯͨʯЩʯ̺Ƕʮ
ʯãƷʱкٿʯʯôˡ
ڷӵ̫಻ֶΣʯֻУȻҲ޷ۡ
ɽͲˣôӻһʼɱ֮òֶΣʱ緲һֱǰʤ
澪ϲǣһ˱չز꣬¹ҲͻˣɵʯӴɾ˳ɣ̤ɡ

ͻٶȣȻֶΣŻͻ죬ɣ¹ʳȷһš
̤ɣ¹Ҳʽʼɽںϣһÿ˶ɱ
ʵɣҲԳֿ⣬ܵúм֮
ͻơ
䲻ϱչУʬʱʱ̿ʵھ
ҲڸоһͻϢա
ͻϢá
̫ͣɽʲôС
ɷ
УΪ粻ڷʱ˲ŷεͨ
ɽΪɣҲƷֻƴﲻ˸߶ֵͼҪɷҪиΪӴֶΣԼ
ɷҲԵ򵥾󣬵޷ɷҲͲܽ
ЩҲͰˣûɽҲУɽҲֻǿȥա
뵽ЩͲòǿȲͻƣֻ̤֮ʩչֶΡ
ʬٶȣҲôһҲĴǵɣʱٶͻͽʱ򣡡
дſЦѪȫΨһʱѪ
ȻҲս֮У촫ѪиΪ䡣
ޡһʱ䣡
ͼͷð̣Ȼ˫ͫ˲䣬Ʊȫ
ͻˣ
ϤžˣһνһΣöһ֮𵴡
ͷŽǴĿѪѣҲѪȥһ㣬Իָ
ðŰ̡Ѫ̡̣Ѫ֮ҲɫһѪѣһŪѪܡ
ֱӭѪѲŽʧƤָֻ״̬ͷһֵ⡣
ɣ
ͻһ磬ǰҲʱ䣬ͻݣڷϿֲ
ôټɽ磬ٶҲ
Ȼһ־һϵʣ¾ѪԼԴڷô֮ǿͻƾˮɡ
ûзǧУ¹ͻٶȡ
ҹʦã
ָ˻ڱչУ
ȻŮӺ
ֹͣУǼվ࣬¹ȥ߶
â˸һӯİµӣƮʣһڡ
ʮˣмеӣǴһЩۣ޷붴ڶš
Ǽӣ붼ʮŮͨڶʮ£곤һŮӣҲͶʮˡ
ôŮӾۼڶڣٻţ
меӣôʻ£ûбһӢͦΣ͸
ͷƣһһϣƾԼĪߣһλŮףҹʦãԺͬŵӣֶǼӣǵŽᣬཻǣ
µĴһһһŰݷã¹ȻϻۣҲЩˡ
ªЩ
ǰ˵ӿ񷨴ԴɽŵģΪӴڲͬܿʽ˼ªһʯҲûС
ҲбֶɹУȻвʯǶĽ
ҼҲΪɹЧ꣬ŵõͣҼκκᣬܲÿˣɹ
Ľ
ԭЩӣǱ¹ġ
û˹Ȼªʵ޻һŮӹҫ
°¹⴦ǼŮӶ˶ȥֺáͽЩˡ
û˹ȥû¹ЩӳھʱȣȻڰ¹ǰԵøһȡ
ԼĪ˴ǲˣһһɢȥ


1559 ɵҲ

ȴе
ɹеӼ٣ֻҡ
ܳΪɹеӣб츳֮ˣɹŮΪĿǰɹ߲㣬Ҳһϯλ

վ·棬ֻжʮһ꣬Ϊɵӣ׽
һеӣĿ֮ȻһԱӳ£ΪʦãҵϲﰲЩζЩ
֪ʦ֣𣿡¹ȴǵӦϲ
ʦòɹôӻʼУȻȱԴˣרһٿɵ˵ֻ꣬Աһеһɨ
еӾˣ߶ռָͷһƬâڲƯʮƷɵ
ɿҿһУɰֹ̾󷽵ģʽһͨɵ˵һóʮƷɵ䲻ǼƷҲʽӣԵõı
ӿɵ¹ףŸֶ͵Ű¹æ΢Цµҩ
û뵽¹һ仰漸˰ЦˣòһЦΪ̫ɵԶˣᱬ壡
ô᣿ҲʦþȷԳʵҩٸʦһٿͨƷɵɵãЧãһҲϢæʾԱӡ
ͷâοһٿͨɵ
һٿŰһӵеǼӣҲҪʮ꣬ӵôɵ
ʦѽûбŻԴģǼӣ׼ʱǰʽӣ˸ǰ棬Ժ³ΪʽӣҲòء
ӱЦøΪ̹Ȼ·϶ˣ¹µҩΪ޷ܾЩҩʦÿһʽӣʱЩŮӶٵЦ
¹ɫø𣺡޹»ЩҩҲ޷ʦ֣
ʦûʦ¾͹ˣ
Ҳðװ£ܵЩʲôرʦ֣
ʲôرԺʦֶ߶һЩʲôңǿһͬоһͬʽӣδҲΪӣĿꣿҪΪ洫ӣ
Сβ͹һ̣Ѿˡ
һеӣҲ׼һöռָһٶɵװ¡
ֵʦãЩʱһؼһˣ;üɳأʦпգһȥߣɢɢҲͦõģ
ڴʱ¹˵һھеЦʦ֣Ҳɵ
ʦãΪβ£ɹЩ뵣ģɫָֻ糣
¹ϲ徲ϲ֣ϲԼŬУϣЩ
ԱǸеӴһˣҹʦãɲҪʶôʦ֣Ǵ壬ɹ߲㣬Ҳһϯأʦܰ㣬ˣŮӶʦ֮ͣ
˼
һ̣Ϊ۵棬ǰ޵һץСɵ㹻Уͷλȥ
һץ֮â֮гǧɵƷҩ
⡭
ԱǸеӣſôɵ
һóģ
ǰ¹ۣҲὫҩһϰ
ǡһ۾࿴漸ۡ
룿
ʱɿˣֱͷơ
ǡɡ
ǸеӼƣŵûɢ
ȴֻһҡҡͷ¹𣺡ʦÿǹһƬģǣ
˵꣬Ǹе㬶ȥ
ɿĿʧſ¹ȡ裬ͣҲţ
¹£ڷ̫࣬ԳֱĿһУҵ۹½ֻ۹ǿӣ˶ס½
ҲԺҪˣɿɲһˣ̫ࡣ
СЦǺǵЩûsʵȴһʽǰ԰Ҳ֪һкεмɣҲ㲻ʲô
޹ؽҪ
浭һЦ˶ûϣʼڶС
¹ɫҲ糣û֮ܵǰʱӰ졣
ɾɵԴ仯ΪԪȻϤڽоںϡ
СǧҲ֮УŹҲӦ֮УӼΧӦһЩӰϢ
֮
ҲӡǣŴͨѪںϣǿڰָ
硢ʵΪҪֻܸͨƲܼãӿ硭
ȻǷѪ״̬ʮͷ𻢡
Լ󣬰¹ͻˡ
̤쾳磬ͻƣǿɸʬ徫ɵ˾ٶȡ


1560 Ͻ
ɿʵ̫죬桢ţֽԾٶɱںҲ𽥾
ҲͻһݣȻ¹˶߶̶֮ȥƮѩ
¹洫ɹÿһʱ䣬ǼӣʽӡӢӣᶨھнϽȥҵö
վɿȥҲʶһɹ
ܿɿݣŰ¹Ѱٶȣ塣
·ضڽ£ܿʮ֣װعʱʱкѩ˹
ѾƮѩǰȴеҲۣ󲿷ֶʽӣӢӼ١
̶վǰΧǾӢӣsʽӣҲȥߡ
½½˸һٶˣ˵̶֮üӢӸϽ
Ǽӣʮ룬뼸ҲʵǰһӢӺ
мӴһģһӡÿͷƣ֮һһߣ𽥵߶೤
ˣ
սǽ֮
һڼͷᣬȻҲдͬ
еĽȻҲ߳ɽƲģϢҲǿʱʧӿҲǳ
󲿷ὣ֮ϢΪҲɼٽƾӳһγɽȶΪ
ôһڽ̺쵽һڽ㹻һʯն
Χɿ󾲾վţȴڹĦ۷ΪʵֽУҲ˰ɣ
ɿСĻӦˣɹЩӣǻУ֣ǼɵӣҲֻһ㣬ֻгΪɣ㳬һվΪײĴڣҪУղӵ֧ʵ

ķ̰
Ϊͷɽ磬ֵôӻʼ
ַ߶ԣֻڷ羭Ҫֻʵֻġ
֮еİ¹ὣͷǳǼɵὣ£Ψһͬľǽƣ
ݣ
λӢŮӵղָձٳмӼӡҲһͬͷͬơ
Ưʮڽһͬնһӡϱ仯ٷȥǴֻ̡ǵ
ԼһʱʩչʮӣǼɣԼΪԸߵĵɣ󲿷˶۵
Ӣӣȳ⣺ȼУȷҪʽӣȱٻϣ֮ǲҪ緲һ۳ɹ
ǣ
ֻӦ۵
ʽӽϽһʽӶΪлмɡ
ɡɲ
֮ǰ֪ʽ֮ǰӣͬ˲ʮ
ÿһܼĽƣ̺֮һЩ񾧹ӳֶɣһڿڽ͸Ÿ⡣
ʽӼԦȻҲЩƷǳ£ǿʼƽÿ˿ʮڷɽԽɱһơ
ϢһΪ׳ۣʮʽӼԦƮѩǧ׺ѩ
桢¹ԣĿʽʩչջֱӾǿɲж
ǼɣɽһӲ̫ˣҲ㣬һڽ㹻ɱ棬Ҳڷݺ޵С
ɲǽ򣬶ǵɡ޷ģɾһĸż
̤żһߣ緲緲ˣԽ塢ȻУһߡ
ڽӢӽϽɶΪ̶֮⣬ʮɵκһͷŽƣ͸ĵǿУѹΧһٶɡɻ
ӢʽӽϽдͬ
ڶʮƮѩӢӣӽΪ
ʮڵÿһܻɱκɣһڿâϷȻһ𣬾һƬԲνâ
֪һͬɱУԵֵ
Բνâҫ˲䣬̶ףʮͻȻıӡԲνâΪһ׽һ߿ա
ǿɲ𵴳ǧ׽̼߿𵴣Χֺѩ
ҽʮѩҲƿ
ΧϰʽӣǣҲһӰԱѹ÷
һ֮Ҳֲ̫ˣƬ߿ɢһ֮⡭
һӦɽ磬ǿһ
ȥ磬ɹʮɣʩչһȫԽƷһ
̶ԾӢӴͣð¹һ£ȥ
ɿվں󷽣̶ûн˷УӶ˴ڣ¹󣬷ǳ𺳣ҹʦãΪȻ̤ˣ


1561 
ʦۣҪ㱨¹Ҳ΢΢һƺû뵽̶ע⵽緽档
꣬ʹͻ죬ٶȺţҵ֪ͨʦ𣡡
ͻٶȣʦΪһϴĪϵʦʦΪл¸м
ǷߣȻɽ˶ǱʣмµöԸ㣬ǧκݡ
ʦݱֳĬʸڷϡ
Ҳۡ
Ȼ÷̶Ŀ⣬ش桢ɿϡ
žž
ѹ˲վס˫ȷ·顣
¼æףǲᣬһῴ
̶ջٶ࿴ˣ̶ֻ¶ѵһ΢Цȥɣϣ̤ɣΪʽӣʱռָƷɽȵȣƲ̫潣ŻٴɹƣץסٱͬţҪЮһӽһٿڵؽ׼ƷɽΪ£ɹ߲ڼƻӦԷ˵̫᳹潣˺ţǧɽΪ㣬ʽսʱ䲻࣬ץǿ󣡡
¹ʾ˸ɽ
ɽѩ֣¹ŸϽʵղǹ̫ͻȻΪӣȨ̫ЩԺҾǼ
һѪǻ̶ңδһڣһ˼һŮӵĳҲ̫Сˣ
ɿЦǺǵ²֣Ҿͽѹɱ֮ϧԺ˽ҵС檣Ǹã
úã㻹ڣ
һ·˵˵ЦЦ齥ָ
صֿʼһǿʬ壡
ƻָ۷壬꣡
ھʹͻѪ˶Ծ
죡
ӭַ飬񱻸һػ壬ʱʱһѪҲ˿˿ѪѣһѪζ
ͻƴʹ࣬ȻȲɴ٣ɵɸʬ徫ԼĪ֮ͻƽ
˳̤ɣ
ͻ֮ҲûиԼƬϢðʱ䣬һɸʬ壬ںϵҩҡ
ɿרƷɵɴƷɵûκãһЩƷʯҲС
桢ţɸ־ʮУʵҲﵽɸ߽λ
ͣ
ͻˣ
Źȥһ꣬һͻƲ棡
ǰ¹ʱʱ̿ԴУϴ衢в֮طʵ漸ͬһ߶ȡ
̶̼죬ʹ̤죬ζŰ¹ʵܴﵽɰ졣
ʮ֮꣬´δǷ񣬲ֹ֪ȥʱ䣡
¹ڶʱڣͻݣ̤ɣ¹̤ɡ
֮ǰռʮɡʬ壬ڴ󲿷ɸʬ壬ʮһգʣʬ壡
Դ
ںɵʬ壬ŵҩʮڣɴ롣
ʬʣߣҺʬ壡
ʬʬӴʮ
¹һֱţԴ̫ˣҲϸ΢ر仯š
Ц£뵣ģʬ壬ͷɵһ˳ӵ̤ɣȳΪɾ磬ǲһɷͨȵֶΣɳۣʱֶΣǱȥԴ
ЩֶΣڷ磬ɽ磬̤߲ɽͨһ̣ȥҲʮʱ⣬ҴµµȴɽΪͨˡ
ɳۣ
ɷ
󷨣
Ԫͨ
ڰ¹ԣڷ粻գҾͨɳ֮󣬷΢޷ʩչ
ʱĵϴ󣬶ǲãʮǿʬ壬󲿷ֶǱǼ˸ˣ
˭Ǵǵڷϴ󣬵ԼУͲܳΪɣҲҪССҲǸдҲЩ
ʱʱ̿ǣΪṩԴнӽʵ
ţҲڸ˵
ΪԼʵôԭ
˽ò׵õԴ󲿷ָǡ
涼ŸԼͻ׾٣Գɡ
ǶҪˣҲǾԴǣʱʵܻøԴ
üͷϣһ˿ᡣ
󷽷ڰ֣ʲôԴں
˭桢ţֶڷ磬һ·ǧգѡ
ʲôҪ
ʱ¹Ȼְסٿ棺ոյ̶ԪȥƮѩкüӽʽӣ
ȥЩģŰ¹ʰһ飬뿪˶
Ʈѩ
ʱۼٵӣƮѩӦô󲿷ֵӶˣ󲿷ֶʽӣӢӼ١
ҲʮˣŰ¹Ӷ¹񾲡ػȻɵʶ


1562 Ѳ
󲿷ֶŮӣҾòɣ϶ζа¹ǧеļᶨ䡣
öӶˣ
ƯҲʮ꣬Ϊҹ±ϴΣȥƯˣֲʦֵʱͿˣ
еӡ۴඼ľͷ
ҲУ¹մǳʣغ顣
һûڷߣ
¹֮ǰɽɣΪܿܿһͨŮˣɹҲײĴڡ
ȻΪͻƣֱͨɽϢϰ״顢
ڷʣȻͻʵشȻͷųȥԭסźܴ֮ͬ
ǵߣСʦ֣ҹʦ̫ˣ񷨴Ҳһ֣ʦ³ΪеĽ󣡡
ɫ˲ʣȻҵģʹӼ¹һۣˡ
ʱ˵Եߵ
ȻҲŮӲ죬ǴӰ¹ò֮лعеӽԱ¹ò۷Ҳܵ
٣
һӢͻȻǰ

̶Ʈѩ߳ϰϰӯ·˽˲乪
Ȼʮ̤ϴǰоǽͨˣſ˳̤ʽӡ
̶ʮˣһӡһâЩɫڷ仯ϢҲԲͬ
˼Ľǡ
Ψ桢¹ɫΪʽӣ
־ԸʵΪɹһӣ
ĽĶǶԲֿɵãҺһֵˡ
ɽ
Щӣҡһ䣬һˡ
ʱΪʽӣ̶ץסһÿӽɹʹɽҲҪͣ
֮УɣҲӵָ߼ռ䷨
̶ʽӡӢӶĽ
οǼأ
ɳʮɽɽɫʯɣ붴񴲲ࡣ
ɽʯʵҲнʹâȻʮɽʯռ˲ٻʡ
ϧǵؽƷɱɽͼˣԶԶʮɽ飬϶ɽ˽⣬ѾƾۣɽƷʡ
¹е㵹ɣںЩͼɽͣΧЩۡӡʽӣõɽ
˵ǿڵؽƷɽںôˣ
ؽƷɽû֮ǰ嫣ܴ߶ɽ㹻ã
Ǿͺã
Ҳн
δʽܿʽͽˣ˽ɢȥ
˸ոɽȻƣ
󷽿ٷӣһӡ
鷳ˣ¹氵һۣԳֲ飬Ѳ²ʲô顣
żӶغ¹ȭʦãϴ̫³çǸ
õǸҶͬţòػӦ
ʦܱЩ׶£³çˣõһŹŻ֮轣ƺһһɹŻǾһŽ
οбϧо꣬޷֣Ҳûһͷ뵽ʦãϣʦпеĻܰ£ƽǵŻ˶޷͸ܣֲ͸ҲʧһμѻҲ׸ɹһ
¹ףҶԹŽͼȤͷʦˣ
ǺǣҿʦţһֱչؿޣȻǿҲȻʦðװ˷ʱ䣬϶ⲻͳˣʦõűǣ
û뵽ܾһĳӾˡ
濴˱ӰһﲻģҲѧˣ׷Ůֶβҹӳǣ
һŮӣ¶Ҫƭˣ¹ܲˣһ
һĻҲͦġ
һ̣صǳһƽʯʻ飡
Ӽ״Ͻ˵ʦ֣İ㲻˵ˣ»ûòµŮˣΪʽӣʲô
ԽǵòĶԽҪȥŬνӴҷҹ²ͨŮӣҸ˾ƥҾͲ
º׽˼ץסһ
һͷǳ⣺ʦ֣㲻˵ŻӼ壬δһ׸Ÿ߲Ҫҹ²ɣ
üĦţḧŻкβɣ᲻úײǣͷҹ³ͷԣ
Ǳ˷ˣΪһŮˣǲ̫ˣ
㶯Ӻú룬ôģҾͿԳ֣ƥڿ£ΪŮˣôʱȻƴӣʱҵˣ⽣ͼֻصУ

ٺ٣ȫ£δһ죬ҹУζˣҾ͸㣡


1563 ͽͼ
棿
Ȼ棬Ϊ˵
һΪʦ汻ҹסˣŽȢؼң
ƾһӣʽӡӢҲ䲻ңδһǻΪɹ߲ĴڣһŮңʱҿҸ߼ŮӣǸã
¾ллʦ⡣
Ӿһˣ󷽵ͷ
ֹ֪ȥʱ䣡
һ
ҹͻˣӰɣһ̤죡
ڼ⣬˲ſ۾ϲοЦ£Ҳ̫ЩǰŶʮɣʹ̤죬Գɣ
¹֮Уɫ԰׵Ҳʱʱ͸źΡ
ⷬɾͣһҪллľ㣡ǵ棬¹ǳл
Լ˳̤죬壡
¹֮ǰˣȻü죺֮ǰϵӸ˵һҽɣҪ֪ͨδӵɶɽٵɣҾҪϵǰɽ٣޷ӹ˫ۣ
ϵǰɽ٣
ֵĵ˼ҪΪһȻ֪ǷߣҲ뽫ܣգ
룬ȷǳأɽʱͨ٣Ҷɽʱ̫ǿƣϵӿǱֶΣֻܿ͸߷ֵ֣ܱ̣
취ǿУʱɱ֮ҵѰһŹһʱ䣬֪ͨ񷨴¹Ŀ⣬ܿ콥
ҲԴʱ͸
Լ֮ǰҲѾɣ̤쾳磬ֻһʱ䣬ѳɹͻƵɡ
¹̤죬ɽٳΪɣҲŬʼ۷壡
û뵽һ죬˶
ˣ
ӿҲ޳ܵģ
¹ŭˣϲδȱֳ£һӽ
ζڶȴţֶ
һ¹ǰץһʦãҹͽͼ
¹ȻҡͷȥɣҪרУ
ʦãͰʦæǸˣ޷ƽ⽣ͼƽãٹȡǣ߶ʦþޣ
˵꣬򿪡
ֻ߳չ֮󣬰¹ûһۣƳһۣһۺȻ¶Цݡ
ʦã⽣ͼ͸㣬оˣ˵˵ڲܣ⻭Ҽ壬ǰӱģ֪Ǳû˿Դܣ
Ƥ̫ˣ԰¹ھܾһߣչ
¹ģҪ⻭ͻȻֵͷУҾͰæ⻭Ҫң
һԿһޣ⻭ʦõģֻʦҳܣһҪ£Ҳý⿪жʣ¾Ͳʦþޣͣͣ
¹»æ뿪ˡ
ΪҪⶫһߣ¹ͻȻеĹĵص档
Цû˼ǰһʽӣһү˲㣬׻˵ĺãֲЦ¾У
ǹҵİɣð¹ص
ھϷʵղҼͼͷ˵ʲôɣ

¹Щţ
ɻ󽫻չҲԱߣһϣֶԸһ֡
ܻɽܿںƯڲΧһ˷·һ㡣
ɳɱҲʩչɽĪʲôܣ
ɽҲûͼڣҲδʩչӡϿһ㽣ۼ
Ǳ
ú󣬰¹ˣǲ̫СЩ˵Ǽ屦Ҳƭ˵ģ
ȴҡͷʵʶǱʶǼ;һʲôܣɱ̺ĳܣ
㷢ʲôˣӦ˷֣¹ֺĺܡ
㿴ˣɱ𣿡
˱ƵɱӦɱɱпڽϽ
Ե𱻻бԻˣҲҪ̫ӣԿΧɱˣҲԿڽϽԿˣָˣҲ˵мˣһѹˣҪɱǣ
⣿
˵Ϊⷬ¹ͻȻһ˼άʽ
ٿͼʱǶȾͲһˣǿҪɱˣǴ֮УԵúšҡ
ǿ˽Ͻôȥۼ

ԲͬǶƺҲʲô
ã¹ɻصûȻкܶоҲ˵ķѰܣҳ
ϸˣҪ˴ڽ⽣ͼ֮ˣܾ֮һˣôͼ壬ȻǼǰ򵥣пĳֽ
ŸϽһЩ¹尤壬Ȼƶ


1564 С
΢΢ı䷽򣬰¹ָ·棺û뵽ȣ֮ܿ£ҲӰ
ţͶˣ㿴вƣƶ棬Ӱģע⿴ܿ
ܾЩŲƶģĵӰϣҿ
ȵŽͼϸı䷽

¹ͻȻ½ͼڴĿ£ʼ߶Ԫ˲ĵֳֽӰ
뽣ͼϽϽһģһΧûͤҲûк
ּƣĵӰ·ֳĵӰǼ෴ģ¾ͳְ˵Ӱ
¹ּԪڰ˵ӰΧֳĵӰһʮӰ
ǲڽͼ֮У⣬ʮڲ֮еʮӰӦǺ浹ӰӰӣע⿴¿ӰӣҲֻҳҲô࣡
¹˿棺Ӧһ׽һ׽ͼΪ䣬仯ʮ·ȻһŽ󣡡
㿴ͤһĸģС潫΢΢ı䷽ͤһǣΪصطĸġ
СӦŽ֣ǽô⽣ͼ¼Ľ󣬾С󣿡
ˣС󣬶ҷǳֻĵӰҲֻݱʮ·ֻҪҵСı仯֮ҲŽ裡
ð¹רĳɾ۷壡
ʮӰ֮УҳС
Ҳ£
֮˫ۺŵ棬Ȼ¹ҵСˣһĽ󣬶ҷǳɣҲǱȲƷ綫ʤż֮г󣡡
𣿡¹΢΢һϲ濪ʼоС

ƷԺԼִΪǿ󣬸ֿҲڽ󡢴󡢷
¹Ȼ֪󲻷ȻһŻ֮У̺СҲǼΪĴڡ
潫ͼ𣬷ӡڸҿ⽣ͼȡ㷼ģҪˣһ˴
ͼǻģ롭󣬰¹ΪҪռ⸱ͼɸһۡ
ͼҪ
浹ϣֻЦǺǵСû
ʰɣǰҪܸ֪
˱ͲģͼҴˣҪ󣿵ȻУű
ҿ֣
СȷЩѣֺôȻܸٺ٣ǲԿģһСˣЩʱ򣬵ȲС󣬾ɿ󽫽ͼȥ
İɣ
¹ҲĬһƵȷȴ޷ⷬò֮Уַǳе
۷壬Ϳͻˡ
ܿﵽ۷İ¹ҲʼɾȡԴ͸ˡ
֮࣬ҲС
Źעر仯仯֮󣬻ۣ˶ԵУҲǺϻ֮Сһ˺ϼѰ˽Ҫ󼸱̺ʮֱ
ʮֽûԪɽ໥֮ϣСԸǿ󼸱֮ǿУСںϾ޴֮УʩչС󣬺ϻʮ
ʱȻɿ桢ţĴ
Ŀ֮дȡϲ̫ˣÿŽܶԸ뿪ɣɿǿʵΪۣ˺ϻ֮ԶԸɣ
ο񵽱ˣƮѩ֮ǰϽЩӢʩչϻ֮һ
ֽҲȲСŽҪԺĴŽǼ֣ܶԸǿУ
С
Уֶһƣ
ͨ
º
Ϊﵽ۷壬ȻƤ«ռ䡣
ΪƵħͷͨʵʵǰһӡСҪĴͨѽСƽ󲿷֣ʣ¾͸ںϣֻϸ㹻Ĵһ۾աУ
ǣ
ͨſС죬ӡڡ
Ƭ̼䣬ʶͳʮӰӰ̺֮ӰʱĽ󣬲ӦòɹҲ̫潣ţҲò˰󣡡
ʶع鱾𣬰¹ֹͣУҪ̶֪ͨͻɾ
ԼĪ㣬̶ڣ¹󣬼ææԶȥ
ĴֻڶҲȥá
Ҳʼͻư졭
ͣ
죬ٴδ¡¡𵴡
ڱըͷڱǡ䱻ְ̡̡Ѫ̡
һЩѪɷҲ飬ʼѪ֮һЩʣ
һʱʱˢסʱʱϣͻƴ顣


1565 ½
ڵزѪռ䣬һЩ𻢡㣬ҲܵӰ졣

ڰðһЩ̣ͷţΪâ
ɣ
һʹ̤죬ֻһ֮ңлһЩԴͻҲ⡣
δϢɴԴУ׼ʱ䣬ﵽ죡
ͨҲڽСڻͨһͨͨ洫Ĵ
󣬲ǰδҪںϺܳʱ䣡ɿںһֽͷСĲ
桢ţͳͳҲǳ𺳣ɿҪס
ĴҪʼС󣬶ԴǵżС
Щʱͨвϵ۷棬ͷһʶͨҴһħΪѪħŹ֮ǰԹɽһУҷǳ㱾ħ֮ħûʱ壬ף
Ѫħ
𣿡ͨŻħɽħҪ
Ҫͻˣ
꣡
ʱʱ̲̿ͣУԴʬ徫ʵÿһ춼ھš
Ѹо۷壬Ҫɽ̤죡
˿̣ɹһ߿֮С
û뵽һƬɽȣǳľ߿ȴһȥ
һѩ֮УܶǽٻʧܶʯΪڡ
̶뼸Ůӣһλʮ߰ŮңŮһŶ쵰ûһ˿ɫɹ£ޱƶ
̶ˣǰâ֮еİ¹
ɴٱǶǷǱ𣿡̶𺳵ؿǰŮӡ
ʳڷ羭еԭ򣬴ȷɽΪɣɹɣ߾һǲſʼУˣȴû飡
Ů޵˵ŮӱֱǵɣѾӵڷо飬ǲܱȵģأǷ߳ԭڣ
ʦ㲻ҪΪϴ֮𣿡̶ֻ뵽ʲôΧŮ¶Ľ顣
òΪʦϴ֮壬ͬһ㣬ٱ屶ھӡ̫
뵽ʲôŮͻȻʧ
ֳǧ֮֮УŰ¹ͷָ
ĽҹʦãӴ̤ɣΪʽӣ
ʲôĽģ
ѽǵɣʦ𼸺Ϊϴɵ壬ȴûаҹʦã
ŮΪ¹ܵŮڷǳĽ
ȴеĶĽã
ȻȥҪԴɹдŮӺâһ¹ʧȥ
ˣ
ɹˣ
ɽѩ֮ж
ĴУȻ䣬һждӷ¹Ԫ
¹޵ԪոճɹɣʱȥϵӵҪԴɹѧҲҪЩͨ˵ǷڷѾǧֱӿԽеӣɹط
ϵӲǵɽǿ֪ɽԭס˴֮ͬúƣ΢΢һ
ϵΪɲ⣬Ҽˣ¾ȥƷ磬иƸˣǸϵӸҸо׿أΪ򡣡
ҪץסλᣬĪżҲҪͻƾ죬ҸҳȥʱҲҪɾɣ
ϣ
ԷһӦ
ƽοɵ֮ʼ졣
һ̣֪ɹĳһռ䣡
ѩƯһȫʵ̶ɵĹǰһһŮΪӶġ
ŮǺ͸ʹâԪΪʯʯûκ𣬿ɼ˶ͨõ¡
ʮͷŴʿָʱʱ°ͳ˼
ٿŮһʳۣ͸ӨӨ⣬ΧѩΪһ壬ŮԼҲ·ʵ̶ɣģ羫ϸ̶ɣһ˿ѪƺѲѰˡ
һһŮ·ɹۣ֮ģ
ɹŮΪһȻǷˡ
ӺȻ·ƣһѹȥѩ壬ɹĳ
ŮӸոӣӷ·ĳʦ֣ѵһˣר壬עһ
ӴĶЦݿŮӣʦһ߰ɣ
ţǰòűµӴɹʦͨҵܲ׽һϢŮ΢΢һ
ŮӶɽϢδɢΪϴ裬ڰϢͷţҲ޷֣ϲʦãܻһλŮߣǷߣδܳɴ
˭֪δ䶼ǳ⣬ÿɽ磬ܳ󲿷ˣϾ£Ƿ磬վ۷ķߣм


1566 
ǣֲͥǷȣЩҲÿͥɫ£ʦöԣѰһöٶɹм
һص
㣬֪̫潣Ϊɹһˣʦò֣ǾΪִͣһ̫潣ŶҲţ
˵֮ǰǹĶϢͻȻʧ
һԽüޣϢΧ̡
˵ĵطʦֺ⣬ˣҪ㣬Ȼᾭ෽棬ܲ鷳ʦİɣ߱ݡŮӶлӺ⡣
֮ʲôѣֱӴңؿɱ䣬ǹϵǲģҲӦ

ŮӺȻͷ֪ΪʲôʼĬ
Ʈѩɽ
֮УչУаɵϢԼڷա
ĴҲʱֹͣСΪֽȥͨ£Сֻ֮Ҫɰˡ
Ҫͻˡ
滺ظıʽѪͻȻѸ̷һ¯ڲ硣
ʱ̣Ϊ̤֮ۡ
ͣ
׼һᣬڳ˽ҲһѪ
ѪӿѪһνһΣӿһЩɫѪѷѪ
̫ͣǵһ磬Ȼ顢ͻƣĶҪ
оѪ֮磬˳ɶ飬ҲҲڷ뱬ը
˫ƻΪѪɫһ԰ףʱʱѪӿ˫ͫѾƵģΪֲ
һδ飬֮󣬵ƽ֮紺泩о
ůڿʼȫǡ
ʬ壬֮֮󣬾ܳɣӾ̤ɾ硭
óѪɣɾ
ɿϲıɿʵﵽɣ̫󣬵ɾͲͬˣҲܴ
ǴһɾһֱӸˣһɾҪռһ룬ռʣһ롣
ֻܵõһУɾ磬Ҳ㹻ˣֵлһЩɵϡ
Դ֮ٶȼӿˣ֮ɵҩϣΪΪӴ塣
ֱѪɫâɢȥ
ɣ
ɹʮУʱʱ̶̿ڱչؿޣټϸֵɲӵеĳԴɾ۷塣
һ磬ɾ
̤о仯ԲͬӦԸǰضΪ䣬ԪҲˣ
ȫ潥һ
Ȼ̫ǿңзݺصС
һɾ̤ɾһϸˣҲУʱҾʩչԼֶͨΣְּ̤ɾĻʩչֶΡ
²ܴﵽǰ񣬿Ҳɽߡ
һº󣬰»ˣ
̤붴ͷϢϢΪɵİ¹½һ۹еĸ߹Ϣ
ָ߹ŨױĨǴӹȻ¶䲻̫ǿʢɾʱȫΪˡ
¹񣺡ǲǸоǷǸ¹ҸоǶԵģ̤һع飡
̲סףɻһ죬һأ
Ȼڵ£Ȼϣɱ緲緲˰ڣΪɣɽһʿ
úãΪɣͻʽӣպҲͻƾ죬ʱ뿪ҲҪɽٳΪɣ
þҽʽӣʱʽҲɳȥ⣬Ҳչһͨ񷨴ˣΪʽӣʱҶڵߣǸã
ˣֻҪΪɹӣǾһ㣬ɹҶԣֻһ֮أȿӵһʵͻ뿪ɹɲΪӣûã
Ϊɹӣ
Ǽʵɸ߶ȣȻԳΪʽӣ
ˣɲһ
¹Ҳûᣬа꣬ڼ滨һ¶ʱ䣬һʬ塣
ɷָң¹ɾʵǳˣ֮ɶԣǴƷ
һ죬Ʈѩ
ɿŰ¹ǰܿһٶ֤¹Ϊʽӡ
̶ҲˣˣɽöĽϾ¹Žɹʮ꣬ܳΪһʽӣʵš
ʽݣܳ
ʽ󣬰¹ѽΪʽӣӴ˾sЩһƿˡ
sʮɵΪ񣬰¹ôҪsΪûҪˣҲȻ࣬ɰ¹ܾɶûУȻˡ
иˣµ



1567 
ʦãû뵽ʦýɹʮ꣬ܳΪʽӣЩĸǰ꣬ǧ꣬ܽ
Ű¹ףأһöռָ
Ȼо˲Ƹ
ɰ¹ûգ֮ǰͼһ
ʦáһ⣬±ˣ˼⣬ˣͲ¿ˡ
ؼΧȻеĿһС
񣬰¹ҪĻǵڵڴһƣ
С˵ҪͲҪ˺ҪƤɿͻȻǰ
Ȼʶ
һòһŮӣͷŭҪɿ֣һۣʲôʱֵ˵ˣ
ɿۣ۲٣಻ţۣܼн죬
γͽ㣡߶ɽ
¹߳һʦ֣Ȱ֣ȻۣҶˣΪɣɣ߰ɣԺĪңҲһ·ˣ
Ҫ˵ʲôվЦƤϲߣٲߣʲô߲Ϊɽһ㣡
ʦá
ߴŲģ˦˦ֱˣ
緢ߵǱ
صͼ뿪ΪҪɽˣ
һ֮󣬾ɸԴﵽ۷壬¹ȥ̶˵Ҫȥꡣ
̶ͬˣҪСģȥ̫ԶþڸһЩǳ
¹ʹһʱ䣬ŷɳɹ
ʦ֣ҸոմһϢ˵ҹ´Ⱥۣǰ뿪ɹ
һ뼸Ů̸Ц
һеӽͼͻȻ¶Цݡ
Ůȥƿ£ٿӣǸ˻Ⱥ۳ȥˣ
еЦǺǰո뿪ʦ֣һΪ㲻ںҹ£ʦݣټҪ˯ŮӲ׾٣δ̶Ҳ⣡
˶ֲ

ԽǵòĶԽҪ뾡취õȥս˼ЩŮֿɵãʲô˼
ԭˣˣʦ֣ǲǸöü֣ȥΧǳضǣ
Ҳ밡пܲȥɳأٹûãžҪʱȥԸҹ£Ҫ֪ҵֶΣ
ֲãǧɽʦŪͼǾõΣԶԸҹ°Ǽʦֵۣ
ȻýǼ͸ˣܽޣ
Сµʱ͸ȥ죬ʦֻҪȫԸҹ££Ϊʦֵū

һһɻ棬Ͳܿƣʼա

ɹ֮⣬ǧȻɹأ
£˲뿪ɹԭҪѰһǳضɽ٣ò뿪ɹ̫ԶҲȥǳء
ǳ̫ˣȽϸӣƿء
ɹһһǲ̤ɹһΪС
ѡ뿪ɹһƬ֮е׼ɽ١
ɴֻ٣һΪڶʵԻýΪ
ֻ٣ɽ˶ԣɽɷǳֲܶ˽Զȹһء
ɾ͵ڷˣɾˣɽǵɣԶǷˣԵɵ٣ǽĿ֮š
¹ɽپٶ£ʵСһֲǵش٣Ȼý١
Ϊ¹Σ¹ɽʱӶ¹¹֮УڻþڣԸãһͬɣɹڡ
Ҳļ̣ûгȥڻýٲѹ
Ҫס٣ԽǵʲôʲôһҪ׼󷨽࣬¹֮󣬾뼸˺
ΪͬʱҲ
֮У濪ʼȫԴͷڷӡѪա
Ԫһ֮гͻѪΪֲ
治ϳţһȥҲԽͿգҪʧ
һ꣬ŷֿ˫֡
ӿ˽ԼԪ𣬺ܿؾٴӰ˷ۼԽӿȡ
ܿ߿սԳɽأڲϤٹҫڱߡ
ѹȶΧֺѹöپ׷𣬻Ƿմȥ֮Ϊ档

һз籩٣ӽ֮γɣǽٷںϡ
ִз籩֮Уɱһ߳߳׹⣡
׹ҫԽۣӰ¹֪һپ壬ýɱڣͬϴ裬޷ܽ˲ᱬ壬Ѫ
Ԫ񻹿ԶߣΪһɢɡ
߳߳߳
׵ӷ籩֮нٶʣͬ˺ɼƬ


1568 ɴ
ͣ
һ׵Ա֮ƣͷһɲǼ䣬һѪ׵翪ʼȫ
ʲôֻɱڡ
ڶҲ͵һɱƶһףͷʼӿȫ֮Ѫ⡢Ѫ׵֮±ľӺ֫ˡ
Ѫһ̿ȥҲ޷׽һ㡣
Եͻɴ٣ֲ˵زҿԳܣҲشһɶɽ٣ʮ֮УԿ׽٣
һ̣ʹ·ʧˡ
ԣֻоһɹɵϯȫ
׵ɱ΢΢һûоֻǾóԪʶһжˡ
ѪԲܿΪѪ˸֪
¿ɺãͨѪϿȫ׵Ƥӿʡ
֮ˣѷ죬ȫ磬ٰ˳Ҳϡ
鵽˳̶ȣ֮ڱߣƺҪŪѪŰݡ
Ѿ޷Ưڽ׹â֮УٻҲڷգƺȥɽʧܡ
ܿ죬׹⿪ʼɢһЩ˫һϣӿѪ
Լڼֹһ١
õڶٽ٣һɹɻ棬Լ顣
֮лб飿
һһǺһ飬֮ᣬԼжʮ׹󷽾͸һɶٻҲ֮ɱ
Ϊһһɸѹ崦ڱ֮Уһֺٻ
波ԪŪø޷УԣҲл
ȻԪɱͨ٣һǿȭͷ˵
ȻûȥԪҲûץ
£þץһԪɱɱ֮١
ȴȭͷ
һȭͷɱȭһְأͨһȭȴȫʽӿ뾭֮УͨѹȻ˲ȭͷɱ
䣡
Ϊȭͷһãƽƽһȭɱȭͷ·𱻵Ȼ˲һ顣
鵱ը飬ֽһȭ׹ĺȭͷ֡
飬ء
Ǻʮٻһ׹ҲһȭĿȭһȭһ
ͻȻĳ˵ɣû뵽̶ʱ䣬ܽȭʽѧ֮ͨУɱ򵥣޴
ȭӦþǿǿ̺ľ磬ͨھ֮бߡܱ뷲࣡
ǿ澭ɱ̺ѧʿҲֻͨ澭ʿȴȫ
ѧֱʿΪ£Ҫȫ磬һٳʣҪƣͨƲͬ磬ͨ·ͷųȭڣ
ȭһʮУÿһпͬÿһбʱҪ磬ɱҪȭҲͷǳѣҪһӿ˲佫һǳɣˮУκһڶǳѣ
£ȭоĵá
Ȼ괫ȭѾҲһʮڣУܸһ⡣
ɱƽ򵥣ȭ֤ȷʵľоȭ㽥̤ѧżΪһʧµĹʿ
Ҳǳοޡ
ڶҲʧȥΪֲҲΪԵپǻý١
ɱȭһ籩׹Ľƴ顣
϶Կٹ֮ϤһֱůϢϵض
вɱһȭٸ֣ɺȻ䣬һЩǻӰб翡
Ⱦҡ
翵棬֮Уƺûˣһ·ĳط͸Իص
ġ
Ů˭ںһ̣ڶɽ١
ûбý֮ƣʱҲŬԪ
һδκɱȻڲϳ֣֮ǰ˫ͫϢռ
ޡػý޿ײһ㣬һ˿˿ģýҪǿʶƿԪɽС
Զ޷԰Σ
ɽҲ֪پֲûа취ȫڶԸ٣Ҳ޷ý
Ϊý׽١ǰǿڣһϢ޵ģ˿׹ڣʿ֪֮
֮ͨʿɣڣҲͨٻǿйڡ


1569 
֮ڣͨ뾭־Ӵܽϸ΢ϢγɼԻɽʶпһУޡ󣬸ڡ
ɽ׻Ϊ޷Կ־ԶֶΡ
˳ΪΪɣ
Ⱦҡ
ֶ֪ãл㱼䣬Ȼ֪Լڶɽ٣Χһɡ
ǸŮֳˣ
磬ȾҡȾҡĦĥңʹ࣡ŮԽʵ֮ǰࡣ
Ȼ濴һţޱϤס
Ϲݣ
һͷס
ЩͷմŴҺһε£˲ҲΪգϹ϶ദã·챻ɱ
ţʲôץסϹݣ޷ܹ
Ϲ٣ңң
Ǳʶسȥ濴Ϲ٣忪ʼֶ̣ƤΪڣһҪЩͷΪⶾ
ϧ·Ҳ޷ȥϹֻƴٶٿ׷Ϲݣ
ģ䣬ֻϹʹ飬ÿ·ࡣ

ͻȻͣǰϹݡǰһоͻȻ
ڶɽ٣ڶɽ٣
ǰΪƬϢϤӿ濪ʼȫԪͨԪ
Ԫһʱ䶼޷ƣ
þ񣬺ڿʼջ棬ͨԪҲӯ֮ǰƺԪ󶼻ΪһƬ
Ҳָٴʹ࣬нɢȥΧٻգ׽˸ɿ
˵ĲԸý٣ȻʲôʲôҺɲǣôһ˿䣬Ϲٻɺռ䣬ܳǰſʶԪ
һ麹ý޿ײ룺ýٸ޷ȫֵͨϢȻԪʶΨһֵٷʽԪҪǿ󣬵Ҫ̣֪ϹٲܳǰһǼٵģܶȹλý٣
̧ͷգϢɢһЩһЩ֮ƿƣϡ
ʱʼһͨž飬֮ǰϴڿʼ飬Ȼ
ɹˣ
֮⣬¹ǿҲڰ
һԽ
ϢȻͷâӷ˿Ƥ֮鿴֮ڣȻһƬ׾â
Ѫ⡢ںϾ⣬ΪâѪͻѪͬþʯ̶ɡ
Ѫ֮УҲвپϢϴ󲿷ֶΪӡ״̬ϿռΪһƬâ硣
ǾӡΪɲˣһ̿ʼֻҪɣ´ͷʼδɽҲᱻҲڽ£ҲҪҽ⿪
̫ǿˣ
һ¸ոմӾΪһɣڼûжԪѸоȵǿʮ
ǿ
̤֮󣬾ʼȵͨ
ɾص磬Ҫһ磬ҲǷǳװɣɹ̤ɣָоɴɱ䣬Ҳԡ
ͷŸӦǿӦһϢ𷲽ǰ㣬̫ңԶ
ٿ񷣬ѳʧȥ
˲ӡΧâ£ΪһӡԼĪ㣬һˣ
Ƿɷ
ֳͷɢɣԦڿգȥȻصɽ塣
ʩչͨԪԪҲ뿪ΧɷȥҲɽԪϡ
ʣһʬ壬þ֮ӦÿҴﵽһ߶ȣϻһЩɵӦýһʱ䣬ȱԴÿʼ취Դ
ÿʵ粻ϽҪԴҲԽԽ࣬Դٶ඼Ӷ࣡
Դ
Ҫǿ󣬾ͱҪԴͲܰزɹ
֮չ־ΧȻΪУС
ÿһëӿƤʱ˲ڻĶ뿪
Ƥ֮Ĥӡ㣬鶼ǣѪҲͷžâ֮ʯɴʦ̡ĥɡ
ѪҲ뾧ںϣѪһʥâ
ӡܲȫ֮塣
ȫ롢֮һ˹Ԫ˲ؿռ᣺һ죬ָоޱ̫ˣ¿ʩչɲѪɫࡢСǧͨԪȵȴͨɱںϣ߶ɱ
ϲ˽ɣ
Ƥ«ͨߺ֮
ɣ仯ɱҲ֮忪ʼںϡ
һʬ徫ʵһָۣ֮ϻɹ
صɹһжû䣬ص̶ʹ¹˵ǼطǧɽֻʽӿԲμӣǳɫӡ
Ʈѩʮʽӣֻʮȥ̶һ¹ͬʱԴһͬǰ


1570 ͨ
ɿһǰǧɽĿĲȥμʲôȡǿѰһԵѰܵõԴɵˣʣһǧռһ룬һֻһٶ
һɵһЩƷʲɵʮУ˵ʮ̫潣Ÿʬ壡
ɵԴԶԶѰʮǸߴʮٱûд֮ǰһԴ㹻ʮɴͻɣ
ҵȷҪ뾡취õԴҴûһ̣ɵɱ
˸ջ
¹̶㱨ȷһμ
ĿľǻȡԴ
̫潣ŸʬĵؽƷɽԼһЩؼʯʯõĶ˳ȥǳأˣܻȡɵܹУлд㡣
һָУ
ո̤һ죬ûиʬ壬ɵֲ࣬沢żǰֻʵ
󲿷עѪںɱ˼ϣɽûں϶٣
ɫ滺ںϣѪɫǿйʯϽںϡ
ʯ׵ûжٱ仯
仯ǻƤ«㣡
̤ɿ緲ʩչͨÿԶ໨˼ȭںϣþֱ˳ʩչһʽѧ濪ľѧ֮ǰһҪúÿޣ
ѿʼһδھȫϰСС
꣡
ָ䣬һ⶯ǿ¹
ڲ鿴ǸͷԪԭɹһҪʼˣÿһҪڰ֮ϵǧɽ
ɿܿŰ¹ȥʣ桢СţڶС
֮Уض޵ģâƺǳ
һӰƬâ֮УǵƸ½磬׷ɱλǿˣ
СıƬâ֮УΧʲôҲûУ·ĳϢĲ
ϴη½磬ѰһɱһС¶ûã˿϶û½޵ơ
ˣ
úǰâ֮УһЩվӡ
ӡԽԽ࣬Ͻ
ЩӡΪâվԽྦྷӡ£һ
ǰĸڵţƺ˲ؾΪһ
ˣǰ˱ȭ
ڵ㣡һĮȻһۡ
һڣһˮأȴʲôûУΧҲɫΪǰһλ
Ϊ˼ɵһߣһˣû뵽ǣһ꣡
һֻʮһɫƤꡣ
ͨһΡΡ£°ݼɾ
쿪ڣظ˫նǺĿ⣬һӵеĿ⣺½ѰǼɱȴ֪һ˰ˣɱһСУ
ǣû뵽꣬һھֱŵֻܻشû뷨
ͥҲһǿߣҲõչˣȥһˣһɱ㶼첻ãĪΪз˿κ㲻ɣ꿴ƹž޲ֱԷࡣ
⡢ΪС½磬Ǽѱһķںϣ
ؼ㻹ñЩȦֻɿҲ˷磬Ϊβûҵɿأ
һ̣ͫ΢΢
ϽͷɾС˽ͣ
ͻȻ뵽˵ɣ֮ǷܱסԼһ
С˵֮󣬾͸ɿϣǺӣɽȥ֮УֱҵһΪƷķ磬ɿӦɱϢС˸ȥʱŵ֪ɱһ淲ںϣǣǸ澹ɱϢһδСƤߣ
ɿʼȫӦϢѰ棬Ѱҹ֮УšִִͥͥйһɼǼɱ֮ؾ⴦ɼСרŽȥһһս棬ϧȥһжʯˣ
Сڷ֮УӶ½ԴıԴץӵԴͯͯŮŻ׸ˣɿϢС׷ȥСȥһλ
¸ϹȥһѴǴ뿪ɿ׷ɱҲûжൣģǸֻЩˣʵǿ󣬿ϧɿϢ׷ȥһǺԨ
ǺԨڲѰɿ뷲Ϣ˫˫ץǺԨʿʲ֪ɿһŮʿӦ˳ǺԨɽ磬ҲʧȥϢѰã²Ÿһ
һͣǿͷߡ


1571 ƾױ
ɽ磿
·ǿ鷳ˣǺԨ֮γɣʱգɽͨǹ̶ģ˵Ǹɿ󣬿ȥκһͥ鷳ģ
øͷƤ飺°²ȷɿڣֻҪôͨӦһͥϢ
ټͥӦϢҲףϢӱԴ֮УʧˣˣУô࣬Ҳ޷²
ʵʵ£񣬲ûа£
ּæץһâ
Ưһ澵ӣҰɫһͨž
½һڵһɨ
ˣ滹㿴Ƿ滹ϱ
ಣ
ֻ΢΢һ䣬žʹӸ
ڷ֮Уһصʶκλû֮ڹž֣֮ħҲӲ¾Ƿʱ뾫һôϲ
ǣ
ڸ˵꣬½綫ʤִ鿪
Ƭ֮УȻһŹӣ΢΢ҰϢӹžƬ֮ա
һӣڶһ˿㵡
˿С˵ڹžʼҲû⣬˵֮󣬾һڷôʶû֮ܰͺо֮󣬲ſһӣ
ţȷһñ滹մȾһЩ
ΪǼɱһɼ֮УҲǴս֮Уµõƽܣִ֮󣬶԰ˣСɽ磬׸ˣ
ӣ̺ԶϾϢȷһԶɱ
Դ˼ʶĪ֪
Ŵйʱһϴɣˮ֮ڰԨ紦նɱһͷϹŴֱޣΪڣ
ű飬汦ഫλɣ˴ۻɱڣʬ۾ʬ塢۾һɱйʱҲ£۾ƳǼɱſԶκαԴκξֻ֡ûʱնΣ˵Ӧþӣ
桢йʱ챦ض˵Ǵ󱦱
ףģžԣǰҲǼɱ
ּͷˣ޷ԸǸ棬ɿҲ޷ԸҲԭģ
ɿʵȻʵһ㣬ڷ磬ʵɱһˣ練ơ
СҲ֣׷ǺԨûɿ󶯾
һԨץɿʱոջ꣬ʹҹرϢΪһ죬ɿԸӦϢѰҵйʱıδɿӵǿʵ֪ҲӦǿҲһʧ
㿴
ͷһâ
â֮ǰâ٣һӰ
Ӱֳ˾ͳϹ֮С
Ϸ¹˫ַظߺ½緲ƾ棬ϴɣ
һ˴кãϷ겢ں
â̵ȻĽƼңδƾ棡
ϢŭǸҲ棬ƾһ壬ϸƾͶһĿ⡣
ᣡ
ƾվæǰ˫һϣԶžը졣

һЩѪգƾΧܿͻΪһѪ𣬶ƾϰȻʼѪΪѪ
ʮϢΪĦһΪһ˰뻢Ĺ
겻ĳطǴСͻ˫޲ɣӵû
ˣСܾǸ棬һδӹ׷ɱȻʲô׷壬û뵽壬Զ鴫һ˵ƾϿɲͨطɽҲܳ˫ޣó֮ƾӵеĿԶ鴫˸ӦѪ֪ˣ
𣿡
µ꣬һݺ档
鴫ǹϴ˵
ƺ˼
Ҳţһʿϣд
֮ƾȴţҲҿʱǸ²ʲô
һ
ͫ΢΢һ䣬ǧ֮˲ƾڡ
ƾţֻоһƿһ㣬˲ÿط
ͨ߱˱䣬ǷʵԵʣѪ֮вѪΪһѪѪϢںϣ߰˱
ϢﵽͨʮȫѪѪ⡢Ѫ֮УһЩѪȻΪѪ״̬ⲻģΪͻھѪںϣһִУ
ǹǧ֮


1572 뷭ӡ
ֶԸ֣ȥɣαһأȥңȥͥȥѰԼɿ䣡
л˲ɱ֮
վקƾ뿪ɵ
ͣ
ֻʣһɵΧͻȻѿ˫֮ͫɫŴƯƾѪϢ
þúҡҡͷ֮ǰõõ֤ʵЩйʱʧǺ壬ͥɽ֣塢Զ塢Ԩ塢ħ塢塭־ȻԶŴ˵֮е鴫һ壬ƺֽһ塣
ĪʧǸϹʱԼйʱЩܴˡӡʧǺ壬ڴҪٴѪȷ磬һ𣿡
Ǻɱ磬йʱԴǳս֮šִֻͥһ֣ʱǺٴδӸֺڰԨǺ֮ɱɽһս֮Ҫˣ֪δսǲǺսܣʧںڰ֮УɽܣӴӭǺͳʱ
һ̣鶼ûȥں
ƺһЩƾϣǲѪ
þ֮ſб飺챦벻ҵУҾܴ벻յأȡ챦ߴأҲкܴջ񣬱ϾߴǿǴ˵йصϴڣ
һǳƯ֮Уһʯ֮⣡
ɳ룬ĳһ
˻ˣ
Ƹƾ߽һ
ھȻ̩ԼŴԺʮƷվ԰
һƸֻ¹ӭӡ
Ϸ£ƸҲֻ·ʵվš
ĿƾϣΡȻɱף棬ƼһƼѹǴˣͬѪɾˣ֮һᴫص㣡
ƾ¹ͷСĲɾֻ˺Ǵ˳֣Ʒһؤ³㣬СĲͥΪˣԼҪɣ֪Ҫȶ꣬ܳˣҵ棬ɱΪҵ˱𣡡
㻹ҪɾģΪɾⷽϴףһּͿһɳʧҸҲɾУһĿŹˣ
ֿ̩ߵˣǽԷ磬ڱǳˣԺҪΪҸЧҲԸΪСǾͺúŬֻҪҰģʵҾͻɽ磬Ϊһǿߡ
ҵԴΪ𣡡ͷ򸵳
ֵ֪ǷݣЩ㣡
ΪΣ½ʮǿ߲ס
Ϊɽ磬ܵÿų⣬߷ɽ磬ú֪ǷݣҲȣǿ֮Ȼ緲ǰԼˣӴ˾úȳΪɣȥͥ
ǣ
˲ʣ֮Ƹȥ
һ˳˼֮󣬺ȻЦɾҸңҲΪܶˣһѵҸңΪ㵱Ź𣿡
ҸֻһҲԶΪһһҪøҳΪ壡
ಣ
Ӹͷһâ֮Уһӡ£
ӡ·ԼĪһߴʯɫʮͨһĸ֣ӡ
֮ǿű飬һɱϧ֪ǼɱһǵʹȸɾܻһȻɾֶΣѾΪһʬ壬Ҳǣ
һٲҲȥӵںǿű飬ȥյءż֮УñؾѰգգܻһʲôǴҪģ
񡭡
᲻֮ǿű顣
žһʹֿӡ¡
һƷ綫ʤݵõļһɾԼʣⷭӡֹŶ죬ӦҲǳں֮ʵεȸ߶ȣ
ϧˣӷӶб±Ҫ͸ɾԼȥ㹻ĳϣͯͯŮֱҲ֪Ͼһɾ
ʼѪѪ뷭ӡںϣ
ͷŴ֣Ԫ뾫뷭ӡǿںϡ

ͥ
ǧɽ
⣬һӿϷףӰԦɽѰٶǧɽȥ
߲ɿ󣬶̤ɾ磬ɹʽӵİ¹
ףѽǧɽ߽磬Ҫˣɽ֮У񷨴ϣ
ֶҵϣֳûֻҪնɱ֣Ҳ־ΪҩУ
ȡԴŰ¹μΨһĿ꣬ʲôûһ
ҲϣеԵʵ
ʱ򣬼ܿԶһɽ壡


1573 Ѫǿ
Ϳ̤ɽ¹ֵ̫磬²ʱޣȥɽѰ
ԴҪģɲݡɹԣȥѰҲò˷ʱ䡣
ɿ𵽴ãʵǿӦȻҲһȥǰ̽·ֺͷŸӦܿͷһЩɲݡ
ˣҷֺöˣüʬ壡һᣬԺʹɿ
ʬ壿
˷ˣʲôԴҲȲǿʬ徫
¹ʮɿһԨ£һѨȻʬ塣
ʬ廹̫潣Լɹӡ
ϧʬ嶼ճϹŹ־綾ұĳҺ帯ʴ̫ˣüʬ嶼ˣֱҡͷ
Щʬȴпռָɽɢڽһࡣ
ȡʱ¹ɻҿﵹĳǿ֮أǵ뿪˵Է
пܣҲʱ֮أ֮бҪײҪ֮ȥɳɲŹ˺ñ
߳
ɿʬƿһͻȻը
æ棺ã֮ǰڰ֮һӦˣˣһ˴
ĪǴ˵ǿ߻ˣ
¹һۿԷɿæ뿪ѨڲԶҸڰѷ

Ϣ֮
šڰʪ£ͻȻ˺ѷκơ
˺涨һûӰͻȻһаϯǹ֮УȻסü̫潣šԼɹӣ
ʲôУǻðаʺϲ˭ǵù
һһѪɫߣӦúһغˣʮһ붴Ѩ
˼ѪˣϢ֪ͨһǿߣӦòһͨˡ
ɿΪɵض洫ˣǵþ뿪ΪǸ֣ΪʵɣвУ
ҲԷʵǿ᣺뿪ʱ֮ʱ˵ͷŸӦһӦ֮
ѪȥѨʩչһͨóһڶһǺڶ淢֮ͨǰʩչǿħ׼Ϊơ
аʿ˵ͨʶ
ͷŻƤ«ͨΪƴֻѪɫ۾Ѩ⾪ǹӣ

ʵ𣿡
һаǿߣʵǳǿ󣬳ڵԨ֮УһЩ׼񡢲ҪʿΪӣµмˣΪУչҲ·Ͷ£û뵽ӻǧɽ
УǱ뿪
ﲻ׼Ҫ뼸뿪
ಣ
ȻԨһӰԶ
Ϣ濴˷ĿĵؾǹǴѨ
һˣĺܣ̫潣ŵӣһϴҪɱǸ𽣷硣
¹̫潣Ź׷ɱǸʿǿɳû뿪
ȻһĻȴǰ㡣
ʿӶ𽣷һأһʿδʩչκơ
˫һ㣬ǶѨǰ档
ʿ𽣷Աˣ˻˵ʦ˳Ҳץ̫潣ŵ𣿺αԹ
ʦǸ㣬ҽЩӣɱҲУǧʬ𼣣
ʦǺǴӦ̫潣ƻɹǣ
ΪɹòŮӣʦɺƻλ¶Ϣܵ𣿡
˵˵
ʿȻ仰ŵаϢɢ١
˫ֽ붴ѨǼûж̫潣ŵӣΪʦ𽣷ǵģû뵽ɱڡ
û뵽̫潣аˣƻɹһ⣬¹˫Իݣһ
浹һ㲻⣬ҲδΪԴ伫Ҳ֮УɹҲƲ磬Ҳ̲̫潣ţȻ̫潣Ҳ취Ըɹ
ҵ֪ͨ񷨴ɹɱҲܽߣܸоǸʿ뻯ʦ̫ˡ
Ҳãɹ֧Ԯ뿪û뵽ּ֣ǲǶ֣
ˣ
֮ɰ¹߶
΢΢춯
˼ţϡܼѨڣʦʿ˵ʲôּʿȻɹŮӡ
ϧ˻ɫŮ˲³
ʿŮ裬֮Уֽȡ˳
ʣһƤң̫潣ǼҲδ⡣
ǡ
Ȼʦ𽣷Ҫȥǹʿ֮УץŹӡ
ŹӾȻӤһԼ߸ߣӤа˳ƣ͸ŴѨѪаϢ
ˣǾ˲ɹſֱϣ汻ι㵽


1574 ˲ι
ͫ𺳣԰¹ҲһԭǾ˲ιǿץӤֲһΪ˲֮У󳤳ɵɹ
аħĳЩЩԨؾʱ֮Уֲ˲
ͨڴ˲Ҳֺܶȼ˲ιҲͬ˲ѪȿʱһӤӡڻ֮УȻǧ꣬ӤӤտǿʼʵԺͳΪ˲ιͨ˲ǧ꿪ǧһ˲ܵõɹ
̡ð¹
ǿߣȻȥаħ̣һЩСԨ֮У˲ιǶȡ˲ιһŹӣ̫ˣҿӦǧ˲ι
˲ιҲзֱ𣿡
Ȼаͨ˲ιǧ˲ιʮϡ˲ιֻ̫ǧ˲ι˵ɣǶԽɶϺñ
ɾǳɵĴڣ
ţ˿ǸʦʿǽɴڣǸ𽣷ֻɣҲ̤ɣõǸ˲ιһ̤ɾ磡
˺ñ˲ι˲ι
ֱˮģ
챦˲ι챦Ѫȡаħ֮ƳģҪˣ˭Ҳ޷ֹ
ˣ
Ȼ뿪ѨӰ¹һȦ΢𵴡
¹洫񷨴ŸɱˣҪǲغãѰӳȥ
ãǿߣ
õɹִǶѨǰʿͷħɷ
ಣ
ʦų𽣷Ԩ·ȥ
ݣ
һʹâʮΪ׽ƣϿͻȻɱǶѨ
̶ʮɹӣЩƶ̶֮ϡ
ѨûʯݣһһаһԨ֮б
ɿˣ綾Ϊ޷ƣƾ綾ɱȻǿٱ
ܿŽܲԨУ϶ѨǴ±һʱ˷·ĳһ֮С
ϽߣҲ֪ΧʲôֻţŶСɳʱʱһڶǿƽˡ
ײײ뿪棬ȴ⴦յڿ߳ԨʱȻһ轣ըǰ߿ը
ּʿ̤ɽһɹŮӣҲһ£ϢٶȣȫԽ̶
˼æһ߹׹֮Уһ׷ɱô̫潣ŵӣ
¹̫潣׼Ըɹ֣⴦յزײ̫潣ŵӣ
׷ɱȥ˸Ͻᣬն
ŷɳ棬ΧȻ˷ɳһ󣬻ΪܿȥɹӪء
û뵽ʮ̫潣ŵɹʮֺͬλɱɱȥ
ֲòڵ棬¹ɨ˷ɹӻԴ̫潣Ӧ͵ϮǣɹⷽӴ඼ʽ뾫ӢӣԷԾӢӡΪ
ͻȻԣƺڰ⣺͵Ϯϲ̨棬Ͼɹиǲȥɹϣûɱ̫潣ŵӣЩʬ塢Դˣ
У
¹Ҳ˲ͬ⡣
ü̫潣еӣΧɱɹŮӣһӢӣҪʽӣΪǱһҲԿԷ֡
һ̫潣ɸ֣ЦпŲ·ŮӣСӣͱ𷴿ˣɱ̫֮ϧʵʵǻȥ̫潣ţ̫֮潣һɹ
Ůҧ˫ҧƤ޳ܣ˭֪̫潣֣֮ǱɹŮӣУԳ󻹱ūԴ
ǾͲˣɱɱˣвòŮӣָֻɭɭЦݡ
ݣ
û뵽һɫӰǺ͵ϮɱһɽĿ˲ӡ

ɣһɣ
ɵһʱ䷴Ӧɽ壬һɾͲˣͷ­ն£ʬ׹档
ɱɹӣҲÿҽСͬͬ⣡
ǿͻϮɽֻصӰУԭɿ󣬶һµİ¹ִ֡

̫潣ɵӣͬΪʬ壬Ȼŭ֮䣬ֽɿͷŴС
Ƿɿһɹ۴磬ٿҲһΨа¹ʽӣһһͨˡ
˾Բ¹Уָɿ󣺡һۣΪȻȥɵۣ
û뵽һۣܱǻ
ûûɣ
Ʈѩ񷨴ӣҹ£ŽʽûãҲμ
Ϊɹ֧Ԯûָˣ
һʮɹӣ󲿷ֶɣ֮ǰ̫潣Χɱڽڰˡ


1575 ۲
¹˳֣ǿƻɱһˣɸ֣ǽΧ
ΨһһɣΪʵɿһЩŰ¹ɿ档
֮УʽһΪۣһɵͽλ֣һҲƺɣ˾Ȼ̫潣ɣһ˿־塣
ʱ߶ɽʮŮӣЭһԸ̫潣Ÿ֣
Ϊʦܱ𣡡̫潣ɸ֣ɲɱɽΧҲһ½
ɱɽ˲䣬ʮҲХɱˡ
ԸСɫòҼС֣ɿһһͨ꣬˲ɱһڵؽƷɽ
ԷһЦһۣʲô̫潣ţ۾ūˣ
ݣ
ɱɿΪ߸֣ٶܽעϡ
ɹŮӣŮӣɱʮἸϢͷųȻǶԱǿʵ˼ӹ̽
һ̫潣Ÿ֣òԸɹơ
ʣһַɿٶίʵ죬֮ǰ߶ɽڰնȥɿҲܶ㿪
һ˳̶ȣֱֿˣἸڽ仯£˷ͬǶɱɿ
ɿҲ̫ƻˣ֪ʵԷٶܹƣԷƲġ
ȥռʬ塭
Ťת¹֮󣬱棬֮ǰɱ̫潣ɵʬڡ
ͷŸӦַּʬڸһ⣬һɵͽλʬ壬Ҳ塣
Ҳɹʬ壬ΧɹӸӦûȡЩʬ塣

Ѱһʬ壬ոˣһ̫潣ɵӣɹʮӣ֮ǰǸŮӴ£ɱˣ׹ǰ
һ棬ʲôۣʽӣֻ뽫ɹӶ˺ˡ
һԾ𣬽̤ɱ

֣ɹǸŮӣǿһһڵؽƷɽɱǸ˼
ŮƯ֣׶üǰץסɽʱʼɱɹκһӣҲɣ
˼
붯ָԷһڲˡ
һɶݣȴʮʽӣһͬɱؽƷɽɶԸʮƷɽҲףϢ֮Ǳһڿɽ𿪡
꣡
ŮӾһ㣬ʮɣɱȥ
̫潣Ÿһһ𿪣ͻȻһڽ㽣飬ִɱһʽ
ʽһʴĥɷɽֻǽٶ̫죬Է޷ܣǰһ߶೤ˣ㽫Ÿ
ڽѰǿӲ̶ȼؽƷɽ࣬˼̲ǰŮӹĿ࿴Ȼʵ㵡
ֻŮɱ֮综
ˣΪġҲ֮ΪԪġѰһִһ
֮µͨͨὣѣɹЩʽӣΪڼἸڽѰҲ̣ɽˣΪﵽɣôҪʼڴԪһǽģ
󣬶׵ҲǿڽȻȵؽƷɽӲȣʵ
һģǼϢɵģ̤֮󣬾ͿʼҹģĳѪϿռ䣬ƽʱһὣģ£Ԫľ͵һɣڱ˱Ϊһɽ
ҸоǵԪģؽƷɽǲһЩ
ΪŮӲδ̫ʱ䣬ҲʮˣһɣڴԪǧ꣬һɽ
˵ͨǳԪ
Իش⣬ͨǿ󣬻ǷǿûܻشΪκǿ󷨱ƳģͨҲһǷ࣬ʴ˺ܶ˶ţֻҪȥ÷ʩչͨҲܿٵأ磬ռ䣡
е
Ԫģ
ͨ˵꣬ٿŮӣɱԪģϢ

ʮʽŮǣ֪ŮӴʱԳ֣þɽס̫潣ǿߣ
ݣ
ǸҲ֪ʱնɱɹǿ߻ᣬͻȻҲһķɳһڽġ
һģ
ǵģλǰҪ֧ŲסŮӣմһ

ǵɱʮŮҲʱɽһһ㡣
䣡
ɱʮɽһΡҲǸʶԪĵ
ɱʮڵؽƷͨɽ׷𿪣ǺʮŮӣûбǿߴԪˣԼɽ֮϶ٳֽڡ


1576 Ӣ
Īʦ㣡
֮ȴ̫潣Ÿ֣תǰŮӡ
̫潣ŸһζȥɱЩɵӣɱΣľʱ䣬ɱҲûӰ졣
ȻɱһɵӣɹкܴӰ죬ĪŮӻĹǣɱҲɱʮŮӡ
ĪŮٻɽľ֧ͫ׷Ŵ󣺡Ҳ⣡
ҪɱɹӣҲÿͬͬ⣡
治֪ʲôʱ򣬳ĪŮߣȻֶҲûмԦɽֻͷưˡ
˭֪ĪŮһǳ⣺˺һף
ʮŮӣҲ档
һۣվһɣ
Įˣ
Ц۲٣ҲһˣܲܿŮ˳ɣҼСҲʽӣͬţҲǲһģ
һ۸е
ĪŮǿǾӢɵӣǰҲУ
ǶȥѪģ̫潣ǿߣɱһƬɱɽ
֣
涯ˣ˲Ҳɱʮ֡Ԧٶȣʽûκβͬ˵Щӡ
㡭
ĪŮӴһƺû뵽һҲʽ㲻
ɱɽɱԷɱһ
̼˫ΪһƬٽ˫һͬˣɽҲӸԵ
ٿ˵øأҲƲᣬǶֵס̫潣Ÿһ
ۡɹ۵ӣ̫潣ּǴ粽Уץסɽ
ˣȻȺɹϡ
۾ЩʽӣҲȥ
ʮŮҲԶԶ棬˭ܿϢʩչٶȣǡ
⻹
Сүˣ
һϤͻȻ𵴡
ԭɿƤЦɱɸϷ
㣿
̫潣ǿ߹ƻţߡ
û뵽һɿ䲻ɱ뵽ͬôģתߡ
ٶɿ̬οǴˣ
ݣ

ӳһλһɽɫâǰըŵöͻȻֻòһ
Ӹո쾪һɿͷâһɱͷӷ롣
̫潣ţɹɲǺǵģץסͷ­ɿ¶šײбԡ
ɹһӣҲסˡ
ߣ
˻Σɿֻʬ壬ա
¹ǣһҲɱǧɽȥ
ʦõȵȣһ·
ĪŮӴʮ˵ӣʱ׷
¹תŮӣ񣺡Ʈѩҹ£ʦ㣡
ͬţʦʶ鰡ΪɹѰһʳɫĵӣ
ĪŮӴ󷽷¹ٺһһ
·һЩɹӸϣֱٵӻ㼯һ𣬺ò׵ȵͬԮƽִӪزڷ
¹ܿ챻񷨴ߣȥ߲㡣
Ͼһ֪߲ͨ㣬̫潣ƻɹɹʱ֪Ĳ֪жٵӣɽ
桢ɿȺһͨ۵ȴţΧۺ٣ʽӣҲһӡ
иӦɸ߽λǿߣԼɸĽɡ
Ϣ޶ǿκһɣɽһ
ð¹̶ˣƮѩӴΧۼպùˣΪҲȼеӡ
ΰΪɹ´һɹܵʧû߲쿪ʼ¾ǼӢӣӴܾӢӴ
ڵӣ̶֮ڵӶ÷ǳ𺳣׷״Ű¹
Žɹʮ꣬һȴԽˣһΪӢӡ
˵ǼҲζһΪӢӣöŮӶĽҲɫ糣ȻҲ˲м
¹δںɢȥ֮󣬾ʹ桢ɿһô
ȴû뵽ˣһ֪ܣϲʦýӢӣʦֺĽҪʮ꣬ܳΪӢӣ
¹ͬδȻţһЦҼС˵ټ㣬ʶȤ
ʲôۣͻȻ¶ĿͷƣȻҪ֡
Ǵﵽ۷壬Ҫ̤ɣɣܳΪһӢӡ
Ϻм뱳һǰ
ɿȻ۸ϴͷϣϴĻʶ࣬ʲô幫ӣҪʰ㣬׾٣
ҾʰǣڽձƳ˶һ;ģ
¹˵ǽ쿪ʼǼӢӣףζʲô
мһӢ𣿡
֪бǵеĹأҴ󣬻ɹ󣿡
ɹȻ󣡡


1577 һ
Ǿˣ֮֮ǰ㣬ǼӢӣȷӢӵλʽ֮ϣζҶ˵ÿ仰㶼ҪӣΥӹ棬ҿҪִй棬²̨
㡢㡭
û뵽ⷬӲʶ¹һ㡣
ʶȥУһ㵱ڳ޴棡¹ʾɿ
Ȼ˵Ǹ߽λΣһۣʰ㣡
ܲˣҹ£С㣬Ҷã㵱㲻飬һδξܾúãΪõ񷨴أ޷ˣΪһƨӢӣĿˣҿӻƷ
ž
ͻȻû뵽ǣ
һӰǰιʺָӡһʱ
һͷ
ȻϢﶯ֣ζΣڵ£Īˡ
㡢һۡҴҡŭɶ붯֣ȴֲԾֻʽӣȥɲ
Ķ˶׷ȨˣԼҪĶһҪԼòҲƻ磬Ӧﲻɹ桭䳰ȷ˵
棬һһɱˣߣǵţһԺɹкչˣŰɣ
ԶĿ桢ɿ󣬲֪ǻ˶Ѫ
ŮξܾһʽӣȻ۴۵ӡȡЦ
ܴ裬ֲֻ֣ܵԹԹȥ
ɿЦиһĴָˬ
Ҳָһƣһƽˡõ棬ҲЦ
֮СĴ˱һᱨģڷ̫࣬Ǿ仰˵ĺã̫˽ݲõĶͻ¹ɽڻ񣬿档
ΧҲеӼղһĻ岻֪£ȴһۣȻʽ
˭
ȻֻƮѩһʽӣ˼д󱳾ĵӣŽɹͳΪʽӣԺΪӢӡҲСһ
һۣҴʽӵ
ÿ˶ҡͷ治к³һʽӳ͸޼ɵ
ֻһʽӣأһ壬ɹҲҸ߲㡣
԰¹桢ɿԣһжδһ㣬ڴУҲ
Ҳû˼ȥ£ˣ¹ҲĲԪʱץʱָʱ顣
һ󷨣
һͷҲδ
һˣһƶйԼаĶڶǰأǾӢӡ
ⲻϵ𣿡
ҪӰѾΪ
Ӣһ֣ȣк
ԭӵܣ
ǿЦָй𣿡
һﲻǼ壬ܻ磬Ҫչػ洫
ˣ
ֽ䣬̤е
ڲһ᲻ʮӣһϣ΢΢ɣ뽣⾫ںϡ
񣺡磬Ϊҳͷ˲ҷУҰƣ
˵껹⽫Լͷ̧
ӼϢ֮󣬲Ż𽣹⣬ӯأ΢Цɹ䲻˵һҲǲĸӲۣƣǹȻ棬ѿղŹ
һŮӣҹ£Ʈѩ񷨴ӣոսӢӣݺݵ˵
ˡѿͻȻ
ǲ׵ĺΪǿԼ˵Ķأȥ
֪Ϊΰ˼ҰˣΪ֮ǰǸҹ£̫潣аƻɹ֪߲ͨ㣬żʱ֪ÿӣʧȷƯһɹŮӣûʣ˵ǵʱ⼸и߲ӣҲòģ
ѿְסͷǿ˼ң׷ûеóѣʧ棬Ȼ󻹱˼ԾӢѹòҳ֣ų´Ϊͷˣ
ûûＱҡͷ
ѿ֮һĨй֮⣬ͨܿӣ˽а֮ģԹӢ۰ŮȻҹ˼Ҳʲô£
·˵ͷҹµȷòɰ磬ҵõһŮˣҸˣ
ҵȻҪõ
棿
ҹʺ⣬ĳܣ˽⣬ʮǰ̤Ʈѩǵһ죬һ죬Ϊͻ˾ˣϱȻĳܣ
ȷˣͻ̫ˣ
ҪΪŮˣҲ͵ڳΪˣһɹֶһ


1578 ½Ӣ
ãбһ֮һ´Ůʱ֪ҵ
ҲУżɹΪӢҪģ
б־򣿱洫ӣδҪΪϵӵĴڣĿΪһ洫ӣ
ҹʣܳΪϵӵĴڣδûʵѹס
Ҫϲңһ벻ң
úá
׳־ͷ֮ѿմӿռָһץ
Ϣ֮󣬴â֮ץһ
һΪɷ
ɷͷԡ
ѿ¶ЦݣǴӹƳ֮ģԽΪȻʵϿѹҹ£ƿأֻҪڣͳˣ
ҿɲ
ֶڣǱÿһʱ䷢һΣȰӸռˣ϶壬ҲȥҸ߲㣬ֻҩӴһģô棡
ԱһۣΪ
ٸһҸոյõں϶ɵһɱжɱȫѹɣһҹʲôҿҪ㣬Ҫѡʱ֣ɹڶ֣ȥɳأĵطܰٷְҹ£Ҳͱ¨
ҡˣлȫ
Ҷӵܣһˣ˵ллǼˣߣҸɱԦ֮
ѿִش΢΢Ưڵһɸе
磡
һŮʽ£ˮĨưӯ¹
֮˸ӦϢѹƶŮӣ΢΢һ
֮ǰǸĪŮӡ
¹֪ŮǡᰵӢ֮һΪĪ˼꣬Ϊ̶һЩƮѩĪ˼̶¾Ӣӡ
Īʦ㣡ȶԷǰ¹ӭӡ
Ī˼ǽˣΧϢ·ҹʦãϣðǰδУ
ʦңϧﲻɹֻСϢҲǸ߼ӣӵжռ䣡
ӭĪ˼£¹Ϊε˵
ͼֻҰУȻӢϵӣнΪ˵λ̫
Ī˼굹ֿһԱδƺɵ档
¹ϸڣֵʦ㣬οǾգ˺õĲˣ
һã˭֪ᰵӣ;лᱻ̫潣ŷǼʱ֣һ˿϶̫潣ɸ֣֮ǰִ̫٣ֹԼչӣûһʱ˵лл⡢λۡĪ˼꾹ԾӢΪֻǸոսʽӵİ¹л
仹ԡۡرͷʾ⡣
ӼһĻһʵ
¹ίͬţֶŮӣȻܼȣֻɣҲᾡһ
֮ҪллǣԺɹʲôҪģᰵңĪⷽҲһٿԶ
Ī˼ִҴȥʱһöռָ
°¹ܾɶԷ½ָˡ
ָһٿƷɵʺУȻֻһСĿͨɵӶԣʮܵõԴ
ǿǱһӢӣɣôί
ɵͲˣܹһɡ
¹ҲףҩڣΪɵҩ
ˣһõ߾ʬ壬ֻһ̫潣ŵЩԴ
ɿְս
һھУһɽȣɹǿΪһ󷨿ռ䣬ɵӡԼӢӣֱ벻ͬ
ҲѰ󡢴ѵľǻɱޣȡ֮ɱԽܻ࣬Σõ
桢ɿӪصȴ¹Ŵӽ󣬴һҲи
Ծʱ䣬չ
ʣµӲۣǽǿߣõ̫潣š
ûоãдʽӢӻصӪأ¹Ҳˣջ񣬺ʳΪʽ֮еһնɱͷޣ˱뺷սҲɹʽóɼ
صɹͻõʹͣºӿʼɷӴ죬洫Ӱлͣ뿪ǧɽ
Ʈѩ
桢ɿһЩۣڵȴΧǼʽӢӣֻҹһ˱̶ڽһڵؽƷɽһǧƷɵ鵤Ҳõҩ
ʹͣ¹ʽӼӢӣΪӢӣӴ˳ΪƮѩ̶ƽƽ
ΪӢӣҡһͳΪƮѩλߡȨߣ
ӴӵеλøáõĶÿԵõʮƷ鵤ʮƷʯΪѰûʯеģΪʯɽǳֻгΪɣҲܺʯڲС


1579 Ǭɳ
Ȩǳ˾Ӣ⣬¹Ժκʽ۵ӡ
ҹ£ⲻ˶ãһᰵж㣬ֻҪлᣬ㳢ҵ
ܶӶ¹أɹΪʽӣֳΪӢӡ
ɹҵõ˱̬ӣ
ΨȺ֮⣬粻
ԽߣˤԽңһ죬Ѿˡ뼸뿪ˡ
ð¹ʹ桢ɿ桢ţ岻Զһ
ڻѩ֮ϣΪ棬ΧֻоӢӲʸס
Ӵ˾ǰ¹
ơҲͬˣںй֮󣬼˲Ѱƫ¹
Ūò󣬰¹棺鵤Ҷʯ̫٣ҲŵõʮƷʯٶȣһ¾ջΪʯռʯ֪鵤ˣ
ҲŰ¹棬Դó㣺Žǧ飬Ʒʯ֮ǰǲɾ磬ûöãǧʯҲǼõģ󣬺ڿռָӰԴ٣Ѱǳ
Դ٣ǲһˣ¹ɹʮɳأٶҪһܸȥȥĪ˼꣬ѯһٳȥһʱ䣬Ͼʴ඼̫潣ţ
ȥĪ˼꣬ǶǾӢӣҲף˳˽ͥţ
ú󣬰¹ææȥˡ
ֻгȥðգӶԴǿ󣬲ȻһֱɹƾǵԴ̫ԶˡһȴϢ뼸С
Ʈѩ
ɽڶɽĶ֮С
ҹҪҶԸʱ˳һǼ۸Уҵ֪ͨ壬׼ɳһЩ
صֲ˼ʼƻš
ɹ⣡
Ī˼һӢӣҲ̫ҵȥǬɳǣ
һЩֺһɽۣ¹ȴţɿΧѲߡ
¹ǣһŮӣ㺦˼Ұ˲ɣȥ˽ɳǣȥǬɳǣĪ֮Ҳ÷㣬Ӧˣ
ʦãõˣ
˵ʱʱ죬һӰ̤ɽź
Ī˼꣡
¹ӭȥڰһһ۹濴ȥ˱һԶɹΧ
Ǭɳλɹ棬ɵΪȥɡɣʮʱ䡣
Ī˼һ·ϣʱʱɹ֮ãҲᵽ¹֪һ档
Ī˼ɳǼֻҪʱɹɹʯԼԴôӵܣܲòԼɹС
һôԵõɹӻһɳ˭ҲǵĴڣĪңǬɳʲôѣֻҪɹʱ֪ͨɹ֮´
ɹ̫潣ţⷽͥȻõɳȥȡ
ֲˣһΪǣ߸ϣҲǿҵλ˷
¹氵д
ʱ¾ҪϢһΣԶԶһɳλֺ֮УǽһƬɽ֮ϣΰ
ɳǽʱ䣬ҲаϣһЩǿߡ֣Աˣʳɣɳ֮塢Ҫţ͵ûǮĪҲչΪǬɳǽһ塣
Ī˼üΪ̫ͣӦûжټʶ˾õǿǬɳǣһ𺳣֮ҲյɳǶ಻ף˵֮󣬷漸˶Ѱɫ
Ȼ֪桢¹ַߣڷ磬Դͨǳء۹ںϡƿһ½
֪ݣȻ
Ǭɳɽ֮ϣ󱣻ԶԶȥһűʯһѤ
ҪƷʯһЩԴȡһοԶ꣬Īӵܿɽǳأ
˴ɽֺԽһԼɴǰأʮ˽ɳǣĪ˼ȿ첽ȥ
˸棬¹ΧǽʯɣףΪɽѰʯһǳأίʵף
Ī˼꣬˼ʮûǹˣκμӵܳǳأҪϽʯĪҸ߲㣬ҲУ
ͻȻһԵżЦ𵴡
һʮߴˣɳǴţǴͬв֮ͬ
ӦԲͬ֡
иˣһڳ챦ǿڱһɳȻĪ˼뼸վΧס
Ī˼ǣ
Ҫʯ
˵Ī˼һӣ桢¹ɿҲòӦãҿĪ˼Ӳͬ·ˡ
Ī˼мżѹŭƺɵԷʵԪʲôʱǳط񣬱żˣΪβ֪ЩؼңҲҪǮģ


1580 Ԫ
Ԫ˲һ˫ɫ۾Ī˼꣺Ǽͷ֮ǰģֻδ䲼ˣǼӵܱҪ£ĪҸ߲㾫ӢҲܽ
²Ԫż˵㣡Ī˼ֿˣЩСС壬ҲżվһĪǾƾһżңռ˳ǳزɣ
˭˵żҪռǳأֻ£ҲˣĪ˼꣬ɲҪԩң˵Ԫ۸һŮˣ
ˣȲۣУ
ѣ
Ԫֹ棬˫Ŀɨ桢ɿ󡢰¹ӴɹһӢӣۣϧֻΪ
УĪ˼ҲòУҪŰ¹һˣ֮꣬û뵽⵵¡
δ棿
Ī˼ѣֲЩֵѣҿСʦģ治Ҫܸʶ˵СŮңһã¶ð죡
㡭
˭֪ԷһӶ
Ī˼꿴ʱΣҲʼͷš
Ԫһϴ֣ȴ˺󼸲֮棺ĪҪҽֲɣĪ˼꣬Ԫ̫潣뿪ҲǾӢ֮еľӢΪһ㣬ɲҾ޽֮У֮ǰҪ
ʦȵȣ
Ī˼Ϊѣŭ˲䱬֮ʡ
ӺһԱߣĪ˼겻֪һۣĪʲô취ɣ
Ŵˣ
ͻȻԪȭҼСԸ룬ҼС⼸Ǭɳǣչˣ
⡭˻һȵľĪ˼ꡣ
Ԫĺܣû뵽˺˵˸ԪӣУǳãҾãһж򵥣֤
ʦ˼𣿡Ī˼꼱æ洫ܿԪΪ˰¹òȥȻðġ
浭ӦʦıǣԪ۸㣬Ҳ۸ҼС㣬ڶţԺѪڣ⻹ûꡭ
ɲǬɳǣ֪ԪΪɰ죬Ҳ죬һݣʵҲӦź滹һżң
ˮͷȻֱȥԪҲɣӦʡһЩʯҲʦΪһϴ֣˷񣡡
ɶżҡ
Ī˼Эˣ䲻֪桢Ī˼Ϊ֪Ԫ⣬ҪҪӴˣȴ桢¹һݡ
ĪǾǿһʵۣ
ȫȨ¹ԪӴ˳ǣһжˡ
ǳأԪسǣ뼸˴ҡΪһ˴·;ɳǷ羰
˵ɳǻǷ羰ڲǽֵһɽˮһɾ
ʦãǴʲộȴŲĪ˼֪꣬Ԫʲôˡ
̲ס԰¹뷨
¹ش𣬲Ī˼꾪ʵҲ֪Ϊ
Ҳ֪߿Ԫ˵Цˣ治
Ϊһ¹֪뷨Һ۳ˣ¹ΪһƵġ
ڴʲộ
Ī˼һ⡣
¹ʵʦ㣬ǸԪ̫潣ŵӣղڳִҾ룬ǲɹ̫潣˺ƤΪ֣ΧɳҲˮݣ
ʵҲ⣬żĪҲ࣬ʱţżҴ󲿷ֵ̫潣УĪҸӵɹƽʱӴͲ࣬Ҳྴλһжˣʦò²࣬ʱһؼʡ
û뵽֮ҲӰ쵽ɳǣ
ʦ÷ģ䲻ɹأҲ̫潣ẉ̫̂潣ģ
Ī˼һֱɫ
λǾҾ¥СݣΣ
ϼûɳǡ
ԪһҾ¥棬ڵ¹ʵ
˵ˣ֪Ŵˣ¥ɳϼˮ׼
ţ㲻һҲǬɳķ
ˣҼС䲻ǳ󣬵κ룬ȥƼңŴˣ㲻ʹƵطɣ
ھ¥ſڣ󷽷Ԫ񣺡ŴҲǴĪǾ᲻Ǯ
⡭
һ仰ѣԪε
Ȼǲ԰ǰĪ˼ꡢ¹ǰ¹òǳĪ˼ġ
ΧвˣһԪû֮ǰš
ֶĪ˼ʵĪʦ㣬Ǭɳļʳ¥Ϊ
Ī˼һʱλûعȻǡɿɳǵһƼңŻʼҺζҲԶܶɳǮˣҲĽ
ҼСȥɿŴˣ֪ɿ԰ɣ
֪Ȼ֪
Ǿȥɿɳǵһ¥Σ֮ǰҼС㻹ȥ̵䣡
ǰһң
ԪɽָŽֵҲ࣬ȷһ̵ꡣ


1581 һɽһɽ
˵ŴˣȻҼСһǬɳǣȻҪȥþ¥ܰһˣͷȥ̵꣬ȥɿ

ĪŴ˲·
ҵ̰ߣ
Ԫ־סһ޼ɵͣＸһɳȥ
ɳһׯ԰ɶɳм壬ĸۡ
ˣ
ĪҡżҸۡؼﻹһµֻһ̵꣬Ϊ¥
¥Ǭɳ̵꣬˵ڰ˷Ǵɹ̫潣Ҳ
δ쿿ߣͼ¥СвˣǬɳǴӵܣǮˡ
㾿ڴʲô⣿¥ñʯǶɣԼаףΰݻ
¹Ҳ̲סдʸס
һﲻǶдҾҪ֪ڲſʼϷںͷ
ЦЦԪż˽¥
û뵽¥ڲжһ棬ÿһ¥пˡ
ߡ˹䣬ɽҩɷؼѰ֮ﶼģһľ
ԭһͼҲҪʯ
ÿɣ϶ֿռرɹҲ̶ֵֻӣĪ˼Ҳһ
ȥ¥
԰¹ΪԪŴң¥ֱȥ¥
Īӣ
˼Ī˼꣬
ԪҲвˣԽ࣬ԽΣΪܾۣ﷢ëĸо
¥㣬һǲǵؽ׼ƷԼʥ׵ȼ
һɣһʥҲǲףؽ׼ƷҲҪһʲ
治㿴Щɷκһӵơӡ
̨¹濪ʼ۽簡
һŶޱ͸̵ĴڣԿһɷ֮У뾧ӡںϣҪ£һɷ
ҺܶɷɵȼûһɷǵɡƳġ
ΪɡɲƳɷɷҪʯΪɻʯʩչǿͨơӡɡ
ɡɾƿɻҲ޷ʯǲƳɷ
ɹɽ磬𾴣ǴɿʼԶɷ
һɣȥɹ̫潣ѧϰƷ󡢵ҩ֮ôܴһ岻׳
һɷٿƷʯ߽ףͨɷһ΢΢߼ɷҲǳǧ
ףͨɡǲɷɹ̫潣ţɵӶԴ浽ϰٿʯ
˹˺ų̈ʶִﵽʥ׼ƷѾɽ磬
¥ﵽʥ׼ƷɱҲȻֻˡ
ɼһɳأӵеĸ߼ɱҲ١
ֶ԰¹С㣬ҿЩɷԣӦãɱ̫߼Ŀǰòϣ
¹û˵Ī˼һֱƣҪʲô
ֶԪ񣬹Χ˶ŴˣҼСǳϲɷ޷ɷ빺һЩɷǽأŴôԼ򵥣̭𣿡
ǡǡȻÿǮ
һ˲䣬ԪҲⲻҲƺ֪ҪѪ
һѪ
㵹һ㲻ԪƤƤ񡭡
֪ʲôˣҪˣ
ĶԪƽ޹ʾǮģֲСӣ
Ī˼Ű˵Ƥ
¹Ҳд̣թȻթһɡ
ͻְԪ˵ʲô
ԪţֻҪСϲɷŮҲһμѻ
С㿴ɣ˵Ŵȣؽôþܾأֶ԰¹
ˣһƷɷԪתͶԹ̨ߺȡ
һ߶ӡӡɷ󷨿
ڴʱһߺȣһɷ̫Сˣ
ԪǸడֻܵͷǣ
ּͻȻҡһ䣬ݣòɵԪͬǰֶҿղС˵ҪʮɷŴ˾ʮɷӢ۰Ůʮɷʲôɣ
ʮСС
߹ײǽ˼Ҳˡ
ֵܣ۸Ҳ
̨λˣȻʶԪżҸ˭ʶ
ſԪȭһɷ۸ٿͨʯʮǧʯ
Ԫˣ
ǧƷʯ⡢ǽɣҲһʴ֡
ֲòͷãһöռָӡ
һȣ
ͻȻˣЦǺǵضԪʮ͸ҽС㣬ЩȵģҲܰһˣû뵽ŴλŴˣôֶܿ飿
˵ͲԪشͻȻŹ̨λˣԾö䣬һöɷĪӣӡƷɷ


1582 
̨ԪȷĿһǶʮƷɷö䣬öŴˣûɣ
ûûʱ˿̣ԪһЦݣȴð亹
ŴΪ׷Ůϧؽ𰡣
ΧһЩӵܣΧΧ֡
Ī˼Цջж洫ѽ㣬ǹڵģʮɷƷʯǧ꣬Ҳӵ˾һʲƸɣûǧ꣬ܵõôʯǺݺԪһʣһܵõɷƣҲðʱ䣬Ƴ
Ԫ֮ǰ̫֣ûɱǺõģֻѪʲô
󷽷ԪǴʯ
ͽöӹ̨ȡһ˷ֵһöԪֻǿջЦ
ֹطʵͷڿԪǱ
Сֵܡ
ԪͻȻ洫ǳ˵СֵܣǾֱȥɿΣҲˣһǧʯţȥɿһл
Ҳͺһǧ飿ŴλǬɳǺ绽꣬ôСǧʯ
С
գԪִӦˡ
꣡
ں󷽵İ¹Ī˼氵дֺ֪ݺһʣ̲סںЦ˳
ҹȥɿ
ӲԿ磬εĶɽ亣ζҺȣֳԪǧʯ
ӾͺúɿϢҹɽǣԪȻģǻѡ뿪
ѽ㣬Ҵδһ棬ֻ֪̰ģû뵽˲ƤǲҪ
ڣ
Ī˼ꡢ¹϶ˣĪ˼ڣ桢ɿݣ·š
¹ɽڻ뵽֮ǰһĻĻ泩ǿӿжٹ⡣
㷹õôһջķᣬĪ˼¹ȥͣ
֮ǰʮɷ棬ɿԼǷݣһʮɷֵķᡣ
˺ҹ뿪ɿҹɳҲǵƻͨ౦ʯԣɳ͸âҹɳá
ȥ
û뵽뿪ɿʹһ¥Ҳ˸
ηηһͲǺˣ桢ɿȥ˾͸
ɿٶʱʱƳһۺ󷽡
ɿˣ˸ǣòɣ߽λɣһɱǣ
ǳէ˭ԸǣֻԪǸһαˣһֻȻưոݣưĪ˼뿪ɿҲ˸٣
ɱˣ
˭룬ɱɣɾʵһЦԪӦĿǰ֣Ŀǰ£ĿģǲֶǸţԪ֪ǱƿжҲһԱֶΣ
νԪӿˣȥܻһ֪Ϊһ㶯ɱ֣
֣аڣǾȨһʰԪ
ٺ٣
ɿ˿֪Ԫ²Ƕ֣ҲŹ
Ϊһʼ˰¹
Ȼš
˴󷽷ֹ֣˼̵꣬˲ע⣬֮ǰ̫潣ŵɽؼƷˡ
ʮɷҲ̻ᣬϧ۸ֻһ룬õǧʯ
лʯȥɵԼһϴҪʹá
ҹ
һƷڣʳ¥ͬǣƷи輧輧νҹҹϸ裬ٹӸǲ
ү
һ᷿Ԫ§һˣ˺СƣСòڡ
ͻȻһǰ¡
üͷһ壬Ϣ΢΢ͷš
˹ʵش𣺡үȥ٣Ī˼Ǹҹ£ȥĪңڻûۣ֮Ҳ뿪ɿ֣ȥ˺ü̵꣬͸Щɷָ˳ȥ
ðð
Ԫýʾͱ飬ŵûÿɫ԰ףֲ˭Աżҵǿߡ
ɭɭˣǿԶ۶֣취ҹ뿪Ǭɳǣ·ˣ
ãڳΪʱ磬ܴݾߣĪ˼꾪ţʲô쳣һĪȥҹ£
үڲȫõ̫潣űӻʼ壬üɵĪң
»ڰмƻܴ󶯸ɸ꣬ټ֣и˫˵ǻ͵͵뿪Ǭɳǣ
ȥ죡
УȲҪҼ̫֣ǮЩɱ֣
ǣ
ȥ
㶼ˣһȥԪͻȻ׹ɭȻصŻŮ
Ůܾãҡͷҡʲô֪
֪ͺˣүô㣡
Ԫ̹£ŮĦȴЦΪ̫潣šɹɱòֺ̫潣һɹϾõаɢ߰æ


1583 һ
Ī˼갡ôҿӺܾˣĪңⱲӿɶҪУ
۾ƺѾõ¹Ī˼ֲ꣬˼
ҹ
ɿ
쵽Ī˼¹Ż
Īһ£Уŷ䣬¹潻
¹еջ񣬴Ī˽⵽Ϊ̫潣ɹ̫֮潣ڰһɳǰҪм尵̫潣źɹĪҲõ̫潣Ű⣬ͬҲܵвӦԺܵżձԵ
ȻˣӦ֪ͨɹ
ټ֪ͨɹĿǰɹ̫潣ųһսһˣֻⷽһ˵ģɳͲͬˣֻѡһ
ЩҲõģɱǸܵõô˵ЩˣҽԴˣһǧƷɵ㹻꣡
ղǷ˸٣ӦԪҵ֣
졭
¹Ī˼ܷ˸٣沢⡣
˼Ƭ̣ںעƽûϢ£죬ҪԪ˵
֪ˡ
˰֪һ󣬰¹ͰԪĪ˼ͬһɡ
һʿ¥ȴ
Ԫ°¹ųߣʮżʿɿΧҲ岻ٸ֡
Ŵˣ簡Уһ̤һԪк
ԪҲЦǺǶø£ˣСֵϢɺã׼ã͵С¥
ǴܵСһʱ̸л˾ѣ໥ֺǺǵĽš
Ī˼ҲŰ¹֣Ԫڶ¥һҲ׼÷ḻš
֮Ԫ¹һ˶ȥżҵ棬Ī˼ȻӦ
¹ȴ˵ֻҪ桢ɿͺãĪ˼֮ǰһֱֹɼӦòޱ֮ˣһȥ͵뻢ڣ㲻ٶԡ
Ī˼Ԫ׼һþƥʿ໤ͣӳ١
Ҳ֪¡ܲӦԪǸ棬ȷе㱾£һˡ
һʵҲֻɵͽλӦԪԪ׼
УģҪи棬ǱӹɣһǾӢӣδǰ;С׶ΣһأȻⱲӶᵱýã
ڶһ˳֮УһŮ˿֡
Ī˼꣡
ɹӴ磬ƽ£һͨŮӣȻڶ󷽡
һԪʮ֣Ű¹żҵ̣һ·ϼԵúȻһжԪš
ٽ
ϼֵһ黺ǰУԪ񣺡Ŵˣ˼ǵøϻɹͷ㣬Сþϻɹ
ԪһżˣʰһУСձڸһż¶Сݹ٣
еģҡͷ
Ƕңǿˣ˼ȻҪ¿ˣ¿ҪߣҽҲҪǿС㣡
Ŵʢ飿
żҶСݹ٣
ԪҪΧˣֱӸŸ
Ҳ֮ǰǰ׺ͣһˡ
һȻ˺ÿͣȷʢȴСֲòϻɹ˿ԻСعǿԳϦദ
⡭
ԪĬüͷ˼ǣɪɪЦ׼һУֻҪҹ̤븮ϣᱻ£Ҳ©˺ƤҲ̫ãǻɹ뿪ɳǱҵ£ʱֱˣָоǸã
ˡ
Ϣ
ԪüЦܻС㣬Ȼң͸Сתһһʱ뿪Ǭɳǣ
˫һļϣͻص
齥ʻȥ
Ԫߣ̫пֻǻ֮ƣԶǬɹããԭԪͽ˶ɱˣɹ׷Ҳð죬Ͼż̫潣֧֡
֮УĪ˼Ŷ󷽣ɫԽء
Ǭɳֺ֮żҲгڴѲ
żҵԪЩĪǻӣ
ϧҪˣ
һЩӵԶԶżʶԪ֪ʲôˡ
ɣһɳ֮УǾǴ
Ԫš裬ĸʶģ
ŴˣѰɫ֮أСϢ
˴ʱ䣬뿪ɳǵؽ硣
Ԫ˼к߸֣
ӵ⡭
ЩܷȥԪɫҲˣ̲ס߼䡣
°µҲųӽһƬγ֮ɭȻһлһĶص졣


1584 
ɽˮΧֺӵֺ֮Уһδ̤ļ־
ȥΧҺúѲߣһطҲŹ˭ҴСϢСԴŹһֻӽҲŹǣ
ΧɢȥżʮֶɢȥˣʣԪߣ˿ɶɡ
ߵȴţԪʩչâŰ¹ȥϡ
漱æֹסԪˣԳȥˣţСҪԡ
ҪȥҲǳȥСֵܣǱþƲˣкöö㣡
ѼӾǰܷˣ
Ԫóö䣬桢ɿ󣬽˴򷢣˺¡
лˣ
ȥȥȥȥ
ҼС㰲Σͽˣ
˵õôһСæתɳµ
¹Ƕһ˽뵺Ԫܣ֮󣬲źＱ˽ȥ
żҸ֡
֮⣡
Ī˼Ҳֺ룬״ҶȻս̤ɽƵȴš
һżʿ
ɣʱ֪ڲǺóȻҲУȵ˵ǱڰĪ˼һֱûƽȹ
⣡
һݵء
üżҸúóԺúȣк桢ɿ
˼ʲôͳʲô
ڰ⣬м˫۾Ŷ֮ɫһһ
żߣΪԱ߻ʿ˾ȻҲ΢΢ͷϢ
ۣ
һ˲мҡҡͷ
Ǽӻ󷽣ټ۸ԸɹۣɹȻǿ󣬵۾ͨˣһɵͽλΪʵҲԶǵȣǼҲ̫С֣
һ˻ɿ˫ۣһ߳ڷС΢΢
ҪЩżҸȥһɱ֣¶֮ɫ
ߵһЦ
ȣλϵܿɲҪ
յ֮Уżɻڲϸ桢ɿ󾴾ơ
ȻվҲ¶ЦݣͻȻΧȥ
ǡɿ΢΢һ
ಣ
Ӱֱһ˲䣬ӺڰֺڳԺȣ֪˰ΧС

ͬʱɽɲѰɽԺɫΪɫС߶ɣһɽ״
ɽϱ̶ҲΪ֮𿪣ɱ뽣ƾ˳桢ɿ
Ǻǡ
˼Ҷɱˣ

桢ɿɱ֣Ҳ£ǼСƣѰĿɨˡ
һɱָֽˣͷ˲֪
𽥷¾ƱŻɱ֮ǰ֪ɹۣۣɱǣҲùɣ
ɱ˺ɱɱˣδûɱɹۣɹǿѰܿΪҵȽ꣡
ֿΧžֺżɱˣôżԼ˲Ȼͼƻɱˣ
СӣϷΣҲ̫
ߴ֮ǰȾǼˣֺ
ǳˡ
ЦţȻرżɣɱ֣Ǹǲһ޵
үԶɱ⣬ǶְɣһΡȻɱֻ֡
ɿŵö£æӴˣǿôΪãҿɲ
ֻҲǾ°ͣ־֣ɱˣʲôãʵҲ£ôɣһȺɣҪɱǣҲװɣ
ͷΪɹɹΣСܿҲǾӢӣǶɱοۣ
ɱӢӣżҲɳ㣿
Ҳ޷ˣѵõ̫潣ȫ֧֣ɱһɹӢӣǸ˻ɹΣ̫潣ŸǺùӳԣ
ҿ¼̫ˣꣿǲŵꣿ֮Ǿȥǲ
ɱ
ż߱¶һȡ
ɱ
¸ͻȻɽɸ߽λ۷ƣ˲𿪡
žž
ƽ桢ɿˣ棬֮£м֮

ɿץɽȫͷһ˫֮ͫдŽâ͵ǳ֣¿Դɱˣ
֪νǲһ㣡ɱޱ飬Ŀⶼɿϡ
ûȥע棡
ֻһɰˣżɳôǿߣԸһˣǾʵɿ
˭׼˶ǿߣԸһۣ
һɱְȻɱۣˣԱۣһ
ɿ߶âʵԽֲŴЦݣǸˣȶԸң
ݣ
˵ǳʱ
ɱ֣ǰɽƷ·ƶɱɿ

ǴΪɵͽλҲѰӴ


1585 ϻҵר
ɿɽҲؽƷɱִ߶ɽֻǵؽƷ
һۣȻӵгҵȵؽƷɽɱּɿȻܿסΪԾ
ɿƵɽɱһ飬Խҡ
ಣ
·棬δɱ֡
һۣһˣȻҾ·΢΢ָץɽ
ɽָ֮˸΢΢ͷţɽɱ棬ԣɽɱǺ֮
ͣ
֪ʲôʱץһ⽣
ɱɽԿֲɱȴֻӽڰֻһ⽣Ȼ׽ɱɽ顣
ۣ
ɱҲɽ飬һѪ
ɽ飬ɱͫ׷Ŵ󣺡㡢ԭһֱڰϻ
Լ޴ˣ漸ɱǰ
ߣ֪ͨʲôɣ
ɱ־ḻҲϾһ߽λɣͷ֮Χһڿڽһƣ档
ȥ
һӰӣڷɳ
һʯ˹صǰһɱЩ׷飬ʯǺɱ˿־ߡ
֪ΪΣʯһƾӳһɣҲУ˲ҳһӣΪһʬ塣
ʯɱһɣȴûʲôر𣬷żߣֵƥˣ
⡭
ɱ֣Ȼһоͱ˸ɱˣ
ɣ
żҸļһĻ
̿ˮɱɱֱɿס޷
ͷɽƴƵģоɽɱĲ棬Ǳʯ
Ƕ֪ôġ
ҪԸʯ񣬲ò
ɡ
ֻһʯ
΢ЦżߣȫȥԸǰ̬ͨʯ
ܣȻһӰӣһȻԽ
ţ
Ƽʶһоɱһɱ֣
һԴ߶ɽ·ʧȥɫʣҫֻнڡ
䣡
ɽ˲ɱʯ
ʯ󷽣δܵκγȴ˽ɹ£ᵽʵжôֲ
ɽʯԻɱɣɱҲѣǽʵжǿ
һɶԣɾزɺһ㡣
ڷѹɿҲΪʯֶΣ֮ܽԸɿ
ʵһٸɿ֡
ڿɲǷˣһˣδ֮ǰҾͿԴ߶ʯ񣬶Ըˣڳˣܴ߶ʯ
̧ͷ
ǿδʯ񣿡
Ϣ֮߿ʯ𣬲ɽˡ
ٿʯϣ˿ۡ
ţ
ĪǡĪһɣƳĲܲɣ
ܴĪԵõƵĿܣһһΪɽ
ǿߴľǰһ̻ʰۣ̫С˰ɣ
۰ˣɳΪۣҲʲôټ£һЩǿɶΪۡ
ûһܻɱɣǣʱǲһֱڰϻ
ɱ
û·
ֻҪܿʯͨɱͲüɵʯ֮һͬâΧƻΪֲ
䣡
֪
һɫʯ񣬴Ϸ׹Ǻӣһ̤֮ϡ
¡
ɲǼ飬֪ڶʯжôֲһŰˣȵ顣
ۣ
֮־Ͳˣ̫ˡ
ڶͻϮûκο֮ڷѪһ̣ѿ
ɷ·û̱ڵأ϶ǿֲѪƣƺҲҪѪΪһ⡣
ɱɱ
ʣżҼɣȻѣӿ־֮У׷ץɽҪԸħ
ʼɣǲһɡ
ಣ
ʯȴûȥԸɡ
ͻȻɿ
һ֮Ըɱ֡
ǡ
ɱ֣ȻܱƵɿˣٶȱϾƣڼʱɱɿ
ؼǿĿ棬Ϊɱɾͷ
һɱʯǾưһʼͷ
ɿȥԸżʮɣһҲŹҲˣôζͣʵһ߷壡
ಣ
ɿٶȣͻȻΪ𣬳Ϊһֻë󣬳鶯ɽͲˡ
ǡɿ󣡡
ɱ֣֪ɿȻһֻɿ
֪Ǵû뵽һֻκԨ㡢桢κ˶һѵɿ
ʯ񣬰ɽһ죬Ϊﵽɽ۷ĺɱ֡
޿־壬ԼɫֵˣһͷǿƣһǺʹȥ


1586 ɱ
㡢㾿ʲôˣۣһۣΪӵ챦ǿܣ
Ī㲻ۣɹ洫ӣϻ
£
ɱ棬ǡ
Ҳ׷ײ²ݣж϶һɣһۣӵֶΡ
һɹݡ
㡢Ҳ̫ɶЩ
׾ֶΣݣɶ񰡣
ɱֺޣӲ붯֣Ȼֻһͷ߰ɡ
ȴ޶ԣЦ֮󣬿ʯɱȥ
ƴƴˣ
Ҳ
䣡
ʯԷ֣ɽɱһ𣬺ɱɱ˿ƮƮֽ֮࣬޴ڣΪѲ
ϧˡ
ǶֲˣʯʯǿɱУƵֻ˺κͨ޷赲ʯ񲽷
ʯһɱܽκνͨ飬ɽҲоʯǳˣڸСè׽
Ҳù
û뵽һɷɱ
Ѵ߶֮һ
ɷһըǶҺڰձ
һ۾ͲɷǶ΢Цţ÷ɳܸʴΧ
綾
ǰڷ粻£ȥλĽ磬ͷѪûƷǰ޵С
ˣԲɵͨ綾Ҳһ綾ǲµġ
綾ɸ߶Ȱо綾»Ѫǻжɾ綾ش
ɸ߶Ⱦ綾п
Ե֮Ȼ޷ΰ
ۣ
Ϣ
ɱ֣мܲסʯ;Ĺƣκͨûôʯ̤顣
ɽҲĴ޷мܣһɱУ׹ҳһӡ
ʬ嶼ҵġ
ʯٿΧʬ壬κα飬ץƤ«һ
ʬʧں«֮С
ԪֵˣͻȻһˣ
Ծ
⣡
ǱڰĪ˼꣬żɸ
Ϊڼžֺ΢΢ԲȻ
ٵȥԪɱʦãҲҪһж֣֮ʱҡڲ
Ī˼ˣȻƹɣȥ
֮йµ
һ⣬Ԫ߸ͣ
æߺȣС㰡ҵŮôûԡãҶȲˣ
һʱˣ
¹˵ţҪȥԡһ㶯ҲûС
ǲӦԪͻȻԼһƣɵⶼҵ̣ΪҲǿдȥӲϹ
ԪͻȻɰΪΪƾһƽɱһԷǳ򵥡
˰Ҳ
ڲһͼǰϡһӡ
һгȥиӰվڰߡ
ǰһŵһ£ſǰˣʲôˣ档
ƺĵϧˣҼС㶼ԡϣ
㡢Ϊ֣Ҳ˸֣潫ǸɱˣԪʱһԾ˺þ֣桢ɿǷǡ
Ϊ˺ú
ΪԼ̫潣ǧ꣬Ȼ֪бȻΡ
ͻȻо󱳷æתּ¹֡
ߣҹ£ӾͲˣΰӲϹ
Ԫתһӡߺɱ
ɼϢȥһӦҲûС
ô£ŵԪˡ
渺ֶһۣ˼ҼСԡ氲źõľ֣ѱҸˣɱ֣ѳΪʬ壬żɣҲ꣬żҼʮˣһ
ܡ
ܣ
Ԫ飬Ϣ֮ȫ亹
õˣھ·ѣǽɣҲڳţ࿴˰һۣעˣֻʱˣ
Į˼¡
ҿɰҿбʰǣԪɲǼͷƣǿھ޽ʼ
䣡
һˣһ
һԴӣһɰǸ߼ɣԴһѡ
ɱ
һɣΪɰ죬ȻͱϢһ䣬ͳһͷ֮
ԪԴӣģûͨ˴Сʯһž͸ˡ
ʯʧǰ·ûгֹһԪʬҲѪУء
ಣ
һƷӰտٳ֡
Ī˼缲Ԧɱһһżʬ塣
ž
ʬ屻Ӱ档
ǡ
һԪͷ֮ҲӦ׹أĪ˼·֣ţżҾӢɱˣżʮǿߣΪξʣ¼Ϣ
浭ͣɱģǸղһԪɱˣɱżҿɲΪ


1587 ɽһʺ
ʲôɱһ徫ӢǬɳ֮⣿
Ī˼Ȼš
ɱģɱΪأҲδʲô˭Ԫ֪ôʲôˣɣ
Ī˼귴ӦһʬԣԪʬԼĪ˼Ǿʬ壬һġ
Ҳ
ɿ̤ڴʱźüżʬ塣
һƳæɿɱˣôʬˣɱ˭
ɱˡ
⵹ǽɿסˣĪ˼꣬ŸæͣûɱߣżҸֲ֪˭ɱҲǺ潫ʬ
֮ǵ뿪²ɱģӴҲ޷Ѹϵ¹롣
ǵҲ̫ˣɱɱĪ˼һɣɽǧ꣬ƭȥ
ҲǴˣ¿˿ȴپ⡣
Ī˼뼸棺ֱӻɹ
Ƚʬ嶼²ɱˣҲżץסѱȻҪǬɳǣùһЩԴ
¹ףǾͻɳǣ
Ϊ۷˶ԻˣĪ˼ݸΪ档
ʬڣ󲿷ʬ嶼ɿŪһУִ󷽷صǬɳǡ
ȻѡɿϢɿ棬Ī˼¹һ
ϴʮ˰ǿߣʮһɣһοǷˣ
ڣ
ɿʬ壬һʬܸ˴벻ʵôʬ㹻ǼС
Ҳ˷࣬ɿ󽫷ӡ
ʬʮ߾ߣɣǸ߽λɰϴǧɽõЩʬ壬󲿷ֶǵͽλɣһζǸ߽λɡ
˵ʬ壬ʮһʬ壬Ҳü˼䣬ü硣

һöö䱻ɿóǿߴ䣬мڵؽƷɽƷʺͨ
ɿմ䣬һööӡٻ²һʺƣɣҲһڵڵؽƷһö䣬һؽƷɽɿɽƷʲ࣬廹Ǵﲻɽ
ʮ¶ͨˣȥҲһʲƸ
ɴɵҲʮɣʯҲм飬ʯԴ
óȥĻϴЩ㹻ʮУǿԴأ
һööռ䣬ɿ֮滹Ҫ
ʲô
Դжḻ
Ǵö䣬ɿգɣԶԿӡ浹Ҳʡˡ
ץɽ֮ǰɱߡɱʹõɱƷʴӵؽƷΪƷֻ
ʹɱǵؽƷҲɱ
ɿʼһöö䣬һö䣬桢ɿЦúϲ£졣
ɵţҴ඼Ʒ鵤
ҲϰٿƷ鵤еıרУǳɵԴ
ʯҲм飬ƷҲԴͲ̫࣬ļɱȴͨ
һöɴôԴ
ٿö䣬ô౦һö䣬ӦԪϢ
żҹӣȻ࣬ҲڴĲ
Ȼʧɵʮţ֪Ǭɳǻˣۻôɵ
ɽҲʮƷͨɲ١
ʯҲʮ飬ԴҲΪḻɲݡɹɷؼ
ˣԪһˣֵϺüӵеĲƸ˵һҲ֡
ˣбһƷɽﵽؽƷ۷ɱ
ɿԪһӡӡ֮УһϢһ
һڷףҲ
壬ԼĪ߸ߣܿƬΪ졣
ס
βɫƹɵ֣Ϊһ壬ӡ
ɿޣһڱףҲǴ洢ӲӦһɱ
ɱͦ˽⣡΢΢⡣
ұ˴ǺԨץΨһãҴСǼɱϢδҲűϢҲҾû¿ؼԶɽ౦һ˽⣡
鱦ǿˣ
ӦǰɣʵҲûǿɱֻһЩϢˣû鷨ϢϢһµġ
ҲһƬ
ˣ֮ǰû㣬Ͼһ鷨岻
Ҳûʲô֮ûɽİԵҲûлƤ«ڲ嫿ռ䡣
ֿףкã
ɿ˼Ƭ̣෨ں֮߶ǿ౦׷ǷĳֹҪϸϸںϷգ


1588 鷳
ǿڲкβ
෨٣δںϡ
ͽ뱦ڲͷȴͻȻ촦һ֮
ˣ
ɿһˣϢԪƺԪҲ취ǿں㿴ӡʮɷڷձڲں
Ȼһâ֮Уʮɷյ棬ڲϷձ
ȻԪҲõģˣⱦ֮ǰһɰ֮ֲԪһ߼ɣȴ޷׽󷨴飡۲һɿֿ
ǴҶзˣҲһؽƷɽӦ÷ǳֵǮǽɷӡ⣬תô̫󣡡
治ףɿ֣һͬͷŹԪʮں󷨡
ҲԴ
鵤ʮţƷƷֻһǧţպ鵤˻صɹС
ʯҲöԽдôԴɱȥ
ɿٺЦˣˣɽ磬õһ˾˲Ƹ㹻ʮУƷɵҲ㹻һʱˣԴǶԺܶ࣬ɴҪԴǰٱ
һγûõһƸ
㽫żʮ˶Դûתһ뵽ż֪ԪϢܳȥ
һֳɵ鵤ʮţ´󲿷ֶƷʡͨɵҲ㹻ʮС
ʯҲв٣
ͽЩԴȸ´ת
ȻһʺƣÿȷֵϰٿɵУɿ⣬ֻƷɵŶá
ʮ߾ʬ壬ɣһʬ壬ͻƶ˵
ԴպãѪɫһżʬ塣
ѪɫˣʬոƯڲԪѪ˿룬һ㡢һ˿˿롣
Ī˼ҲĪңȥżϢһʲô紵ݶҲܵһʱ֪ͨˣӦ䡣
ɿԶһֵ
ͬһҾ¥ģȲɿüʿһ¥䡣
һʿתԭ
˹ӣˣҹۣȷĪ˼סɿżһЩڰмǣ
һżʲôȵңͶ̫潣ţĶǬɳǼ尵̫潣ųԶΪɹЧң
£Ϊϲ衣
һָʵţɲŸҡ
ʵΪżҪ˼ҹ£
һ˹´żһӵܣʲôԪʧȥټżһĪҡҹйأǴԪڹȻ׷ҹ£ǳǣɺԪһûĪ˼ꡢҹ°Ȼ
ԪѽˣջżңΪ峤һɸ߽λΪ棿Ī˼Ϊڲ֮䣬Ҳ׻ɱ
ɹɸ֣Ҫż֣ɱӺм嶼֪ɹΪ³
ɹǿΪ
ӣȻвټ嶼ͶɹΪ˷ɹɹ˹ѹ
̫СɹһɳɱһˣɹҪľżңҪżңҲֻҪһɣ
ô죿ֱȥɿҹ¸
ײףҵĪ˼꣬ϾǾӢӣĪ֧ţҹӰ룬ҲĪ˼꣬ȸǣϣĪ˼βҪƻҵĺ¡
Ϊ侲
ؼΪıߣʱʱһ䡣

ʮƷ鵤ϴˣ֮Ѫħ֮ںһ벻˴½ħɽħ
ɿ
ɿڷеڣͨɺ֮УһѪ֮С
Ѫ̫ϤһЩħɷԷħ۵꣬ƷĽѪħ
ͨϿѪɫħɷϢһͷųСС֮Ϣ֮УһԪаâ
һɺռ䣡
棬ɺռǳԾΪɺһâԶӿ֮ͨԶ«֮У鵤ʱʱ̿
һ֮ͨǰֻ̬ͨڲһˣͷħɷͨԪ񾹳ɹ뿪ơ
˵ںϵһ𣬸ΪϤǣ֮Ѫһ֮ҪΪѪ
ʩչɲܻΪѪħۣԻΪѪˮ
úУӴ˾רѪħŹǳĪС繦絮Ǵ磬ܶɽ磬ɽԶŴйأ
֪ͨãֻҪԴɣʬ徫ܴ֮Ϊ壺ʴ˽ѪħпҲɽԶħУΪ壬컯ںϽѪħ


1589 ɶ
лˣҪһЩѪǿͨҲҪľʬ徫
ϧʵ޷ʩչϴ裬Ѿܻû壡
ͨһЩ
ع鱾֮滺뵽桢Ƥ«ʵҲϱ仯ͨһУɽΪҵ桢Сص«УɹԵһʱɸԴ
Ҫͻƶˡ
ԼĪ£
¹Ա߷䴫ԪĪ˼ѻĪңʱ
ϲҲϿԳ죬һͻưɣ
˰֪һɿȥ䡣
ͣ
ͷھȫ磬ȴͷ˫ͫ
֮ž飬ڵ⣬ǽըĶʣԼһЩѪ
¹Ҳʼһͻƶ죬ҲǰᵣԴãһͻƣһ鵤
Ҳˣ󲿷ɶӵôԴЩҪɵմӢ⡣
ѪǶ
ɿӡɿע⡣
Ѫɫࡢɱ䣬ֿ֮ʼҲӴĶ࣬ͨԪĵҲΪ̣
ʼӭ壬һʮƷɵʬѪǾڷա
ӦÿԿʩչһЩɲ˰ɣ
ٴ顣
һûжѪһ㣬廯ΪһѪɲ
Ϊ֮Ҳ濿ԼִУѪ
ѪڷԴΪУֻһƯ
޷ƣǰʩչɲȫʬ塢κԴڿɲǷǳɾ绹̫С޷壬ʩչɣһҪͻɣ
Σֽɲ߶Ϊ
ɶ죡
һɲǼ䣬̤һݣϧͻһ磬Ǹоǿ˭ԪɵĿ¡ǿ
ɲ׷
¹ʱ֮ɫĪ˼괫Ԫ˵żȫԪĪ鷳ȴҹȻ־Ӣ鷳ȻɹڰΪżעٲߣżҹƻ̫潣ŶԸңĪڣżһҹȻԸ־Ӣӣ̫潣Żᣡ
ż̫潣֣ҪԸɣίʵס
Ī˼껹ܰæ˾뿪
Ī˼겢δͣǰ˱ˣֱ뿪ɹʮ

ȴʮˣиҲһ뿪Ǭɳǡ
Զɳǲãأ桢¹ɿУٶȵ죬Ƽº˳ϻɹ
һ̣ɿͻȻ¶ɻ֮ɫ˷ƺѰʲô
֪ɿɿҲʵ߶ȣӦҲȻĪ˸٣
ȷڤڤ֮Уһϴ͸ˣǵýһЩҵԤһ򲻻ֱ˶ˣ
żҵˣ
ˣղǵϢǳİż׷ǣĳӦţ
ͲżǿߣżǾΧǽǻ˭
ɿֱȻʲôҲӦҲߣֻѡ
ǲƽ޹ʸǣȻʱûжֻ֣˵ܿǬɳǣѰ֮Ƕ֣¹Ҳɵã֮ɫ
Ϸè׽󣿺ߣǿɲҪһèˡ
թЦЦΣ
ɵȷǿɿڣʵҲһɸ߽λ˶֡
ȫԣɱֶΣʲô
ˣһٺ٣Ǵ£ɿӦüۣ뵽ɱɣʬ塣
ɣʬ徫ǿ֡
ɣ
ʬ徫һʬ壬㹻ʵͻͽ
ɿᵽɡ֣¹ͫҲǳǰء
ʮ󷽣
һɲգʮɽ档
ɿ·ǰ٣üʧӣԶǬɳǣǿԶ˰ɣ
żĪǱ绹ʲôŸǣǶ˹ҶԸҹ𣿡Щˡ
ѿȷһ񣬾ǰðдǣ£Ȼȥһطϣ
ε񣿡

ҲүĻҪѵҾ𣿡
ǲ˵ѿүⶣ²֪Ҫ֪Լȥүʡ
֪ˡ
֮ǰǺһȫ
һӵܣҲܵģ̫СˣȷҲܸԸƽõҹ֮Ҿͻصɹޣ
нŭΪҪ࿴һۡ
ˣ
һâ΢΢ͷš


1590 è
óһͷһӰӣӣ·˵ǰһԨҪҸطϢԨΣգȺɽ㶯֣
ãţ
ӿٶȣɣҲܺʮɣٶ߼
Ⱥɽ֮䣬ֺ֮йسһԨ
ĳط
ˣ
ΧһЩƯϢ
桢¹·ɿںϷӦ硣
ţٶȱ֮ǰЩǵԨߣ
ɿһСģԨ֮أƲɽߴֲֿյأȴ˵кǶ
Ѱط͵š
ɿǰ̽·ɣǴӦֵط
ΪСٶȸ죬Ϊ
ˣ㿴ö඾֩롢ɳ棬ɡжͷЩǣ
ǧʪиֶ֡
ǲϢ濪ʼںڰ֮ɧֶָ˼ӿٶ
ˣռ棬綾֮ϽѪħƳ汾Ƕ֮κβ綾
ӻƤ«ͨԪ
ƣ
㣬ɶ죬ȷɵΧκζ棬ƾͲˡ
Ʊʹʮֱ꣬ͨںϣýѪħʿһվ綾Ϊֲ
ɿץһЩܴﵽ½½ץʮֻɶ꣬ӡ֮󽻸ͨȥ
ͨմ綾ԺУֶһԸǿֶΡ
󣬼СǰУԽºӣɿͻȻ˾񣺡ˣ·ȻһߣȻγɣ
ڰ£һܹ綴һʯӲݡʪסȴҲɿ֡
ãǾɱֵطɱʺϣͬʱء
ɿͷһ𣬽ӲݷոɾСʯڲһȻ˹ɣƺһЩˣ̦ҲʯʯʣֻǳӲݡ
һɢһĶ󶴸һжʧˣֻʣʯʡʯԼǰһʯ
ϧûƷ£ҲֻһǿߣżȻչ֮ڴˡ
ӶڷӦһŮӡ
֣û뵽ʯһ࣬۵طִԼһٶġ
֮»һЩӡ
¹һɹġ˻ع;УżȻ򣬱ڴ˵ֽ춴չ꣬ںϱĸ߼ԦΪδ֪֮£¡Ե֮ܽȥϧΪɹǿľ
ģ

Ҳ濴ʮӡͼ
ÿһͼһŮһ˿ߣھϵ
ʮͼһױʽ
ɿǿɨһ۾ͳ޵ȷЩˣѰὣǰڳʱᣬרŽʽĴһŶؽ֮ϧ̫ʺϴӣֻʺŮӣϢ̫
£Ǹ׼ġ
Ե
ǰ¹ĻԵ桢ɿġ
Ҿȼ£ȥúУϣһ죬Ƶʩչֵز¹£ӡ뽣ͼںϡ
ˣ
ɿ˾ϲ
ð¹ںϽͼڣֻ΢΢һӦ󷨡
ɱҪʵֱɱɣ
ɿȴ⡣

Ϣ֮һЩƷҶΧžԨ
һɡڣ¶ɫ
ɿˣһɣʮɣ֮УмͷɹϢ
ɹӡ
ؿ⣬Ϊżǿߡ
Ƭ̼䣬ɿЦúϲ£죺ˣ֪˭ˣ
úðһһֱһεǻֶΣɹȥɳǣִɳǸҪ֣ϧɣ
ΪǾ죬һ֮ң̤ɣ̤Ҳ̫ܣ˶̤ɣ
̫ˣǾηƷ̫ˣһȻɣͲû׼
һСɲǷɳ
Ϣ֮ϢԼϢʼڶԽǿʢͷš
ҹ£
һôNɪ
¹Ȼ֪ˣδںʯںϽͼɹ֪ǰʺϡ
ɿ󷽷Ӷ߳ԽӦ󷨣ǰʮͷƣȫء
룬һŭɶۣ󣬽Ҫж˿飡
ܵá
Ц£ɣб


1591 
˵ķݣŮӳҽȥⶴҪ
ǹ²ȻˣһҲͱߣСүҪһúɿЦ
СһʵΣרǿߣұɹ洫ӣǿ߲ܶԸģ
ҵ̡
ԭһ洫Ϊɽ
ɿͷɽС֣Сүʰǣ
ۡ
Է֮һһҷɳֱӾͷӴƣΧԨˡ

ͷΪһƣƽʵ˺֡
𣡡
ȴ΢΢һ֡

ϿͻȻɱһֻš
һ˾ʹӶϷ£һӾһ㣬Įһ̤Ϸ
ɱ
ץɽƱһ̤飬֪һôֲ
ɽܾǿ֧ţɽһ̤ñΡ
ۣ
ѪһͷԵ׹棬ʬ塣
渺ֶɱɱɫɻǲɱɱ򣡡
㡢⡢⡭
ȴǿˡ
ʮɣǿߣһֶɹĵӡ
ѿհͷû뵽һ֣ͱһʯɱˡ
ѪһѪۣԾһޱߣɾҲ޷ֵ
߶ʯ֮أ⣬ȴһԦ߱Ҫǿʵ㹻ǿԪ񣬲ܼԦʯ񡣡
һͻƣӵ̤ɣʵǿ󣬴߶ʯƻҲԽֲ
ɱɱˣǰƷ磬֪ɱ˶ˣƶɫ˿
¹ҲˣǷߣڷУԽ󲿷˼ġ
ү
ʮΧס
ٺ٣ڲ֪ҵߣүʰǣ
Էˣ
ɿҲþٶȣ˺Ϸ·½أֻûɽģֳɽ
ʹ޵֮·ʮͷһ顣
ɿЦˣ͹֣ʰǣҪһʺƣ
Ǹѧģɿ̰ģ֪ڵһǵð¹΢Ц
󣡡
־£ҲСԼ¹ʮɡ
ݣ
Ǵ߶ɽһֳ֣ƾ粨һƿ
󣡡
ɽһֶ໥ɽͷŽΪһƬֲơ
ɿҹ£ҡɱҸ֣ߣĲ㣬ǱĲ㣡
죬ô򣡡
ಣ
ɿŽɫӰɱ
ɱ
ʮָʮɽΪһ飬Ϊһʵɽơ

ɽɱɿ󣬿ռԱ𵴡

ͻȻ𵴡
ɿȻɵɽɱؽƷɽһɽԼ佣ɱ𵴿ֲͣ
ǲ
ʮ˿£סɿ󣬼Χ͵ϮмΧͷŽɿ㡢ס
¹ڶǰ˫ɱɱȥǽ¹ܵСû뵽ʮɽܶԸɣͨһɣмܣ
ܶԸͨɣƾһ壬̣ϧֽȷ֮Ͼɴ߶ģƿΧɱסɿ󣬵ɿ彣һЩ·ߣܿ󣡡浹ǲȡ
ʲô㲻ϣϴС
ȻΪĻ󣬿ϧǲȱģֻܵȾδ취ȱ󾫻ȡһŲ

һâڷɽ֮бը
ըɼɣؽʮɣдѪˣֻм˻ǿƷɽ
ಣ
Խ̤ɽߣ
һɣߣٺ٣ɿ󲻼һһ
䣡
շɳɣ󷽱ըը˲佫Ʒһʺ
桢¹ըյס
Ҳʵù֮һڣҲˣ˵ĲᣬǱ֮ϮУҲҪˡ
˺üѪΪ桢¹ûɱ˾ûг֡
һ߳Ȼð¹ʰȻԨûӳȥ
㡢һۣʲôʸ˵³ʽӼӡ
治ΪȻϧҪһУ

ּ䣬ˣΪﵽɸ߽λһȭɱƬû
㱾£Ҷ֣ûˣҲ֣һɰˣȻǶ֣ڵ㣬ǰһʬ壡
ƴͷţԶʵ۷壬һƬâȭɱһ


1592 꽣
顢ը֮һͬ飬˺һȻȴûһ˿Ӱ졣
ԴӲʶǸ飬ţ졢ôǿԪƣܴﵽ첻ֻһۣΪɵͽλ壬ɸ߽λԪ
һ۾Ȼǿ
ӵܣҲû˼ʶŪס
ûˣҹƲ֣һֻûݵϻҶ֣ͷâʼһԼʮ
ٴ𺳣⡢ɹʽӣὣٶȻҪˣ㡢㲻һۣҲһͨˣ㷴һɣȻ˾˻
͡
һķë
󷽣ʮɣɿɱһ룬ʣǼҲǶ֡
ɣԦʮɱ
ÿһźءӣһɿġ
ū
˫۱Ѫ죬ɱƸûӦ֮
ĥÆ죬ͻȻץһâȥ
䡭
ҪƬɱý纣ûһУ֪ǵâͻȻը
һɫɷ˲飬ٶ̻Ϊͷܿƣûˣƿؽ棬Ҳû뵽ж
Ҳһ̬ҧУûпֲ𵴣Ա̸ʴǡ
ɶ񡭡
Ҳûбọ֮̈һڽƤҲʼ뱻ˮ̹һЩɫˮݡ
¶Ц֪ү˰ɣұҶԸҹ¶ãû뵽õϣнҩûУ͵Ŷ

˵һŴ󹭣תϿԨڡ
綾жҲӲˣ
׶̷ڣͻȻǣ޲ɱȥ
ֽһ޷棬ֻץһɽɱ⡣
˫ɱһһ湥ƾУ䲻ɱߡ
һǹ̥ɶΪΪһΪɸ߽λ
һɱˣͷɽѾɱڸ޷ߡ
뵽һɿиΪֻţɱһǶ֣
Ӳˣ
ͳɱ棬˫ͻȻֺֿݺһץ㣬ѪһͨѪ
ԴԴϽΧɱ˫ͻȻɳ
һһ˲뽣֮УٶȱȽˣܿѪϢһѪһ
䣡
ǱԸӰɱһɱӰȻܿݺײţʱ˳ȥ
ѪѪɽ֡
Ϊһɶ죬ӵ˸߼ͨԺ޷ĨȥղӰ
²ģҲֻܳĲ
ֻͫͻȻŴ鵹Ӱ֮УԽճŴ˻ɱһ
꽣
ֶûʱ䣬֮Ҳ޷
һĨӡâڲȻһڰɫɽôɱ
䣡
ɱڻɫɽʱ飬ɫɽҲδܵ˿𵴡
汻Žɽ飬Ҳܵ𵴣ɽؽ׼Ʒɽ
ұѿ꽣ԸǣǶԸۣ֪ϣɣ·þһ浱նµ꽣
ҿһɱ㣬ڵ꽣ؽ׼ƷҲ޷߷ڽҪˣ
ɽѹڣ
һģһҲѹŵ꽣նֻһ꽣նðǡ
ۣ
ɡ
Ҳ꽣Ҳ֮²棬ǻΪͨ˴СС
ܿСõؽ׼ƷɽһȻ˿ۡ
Թԡʯصǰʯͷ˲ʯʧȥ俴ֻװˡ
ۣ
׹ػδɥҲһŻѪ˵ʲôҲ˵ڣǿڰɫɽҲԱ߲Զ
ۖһɽӦʯ֮еƹâͷŶǵؽ׼Ʒͨɽ֮УΪɽ
滺أûȥնɱ˲ɱҲ˶ãͷΪһͷʮˣɱңʧˣ
ֻŻѪ
עɽϣڽ治ؽ׼ƷɽҲ޷ԦȻӵɱ
꽣ѿգ
뽣ڳ֡
꽣Ӧڰɽ֣ѿա
ѿգȻһǿߣô˵ڵ꽣Ķһǿߡ
ѿգ
¹ϰϰأ˵һ֣ݣɹһ洫ӣýɣҲɹһ˷ţϴڸ߲Դ˼һ档


1593 ն
ɣ
ɹŵӣ
һɣɽ֮кټҲ̫ࡣ
Ԫ̫潣޵ýɣص׾һΪһɣȻһɳǵĴ
㡢ɱңڱұҵģ㡢ҶԼϢһ󣬻Ѫģŭ
꽣֮ǰĲ٣ھҵģ
ұںϣֻнɲԦ㡢ɶǣ͵ұʰ㣡
ɰҵȻ£Ҳˣ
һ˲ѹһͼռָղֵؽ۷ɽ
˭˵Ҫռָӡ
温ЦݣϾ綾ҲںһϣƤ«
գ
Ԧɺڲһƹâ˲
â꽣סɽȻͷӴâҪɺ
û뵽һδâһδαɺѹơ
ʹ⡢ǺεƷʷ
ˣʮһͳͳɱˣʮö䰡ַˣɣ
ûɿָšһʬͽɱԽ󷢺ơ
ҲˣһɺѹƵ꽣꽣һشʯ
ɿ˫۱꽣ۣһڵؽɽôؾʯƶɣˣɽô֮ôذؾͨ˵ǴطΡ
ؾҲǴ֮µҲ˳֮ΪطȻףڷͿʼںϸֵľʯ
ʵҲط
һΪΪ߾̺ط֮ؽϾͻΪؾ
ȻϲڽɲܼԦɽ͸ˣɽ֮ϧŷӡãΪϧҪ꽣͸ɿ
̫ˣѵɽ֮УôؾɵɱһںϵĻƵط֮ɿϲɽ

ɺ֮£꽣һδηţһںϽԿɺ
ǲɺ֮С
ۣ
Ѫ
ɱͬɱɽɱ˲࣬һһһ
磬Ϊұ𰡣
ž
ոպͱƾɱţԪɢڿ֮һһ顣
һغ
͡һ˫۾ţ۾Ƶģܿöί಻ľ͵;
һ̣ԼǸɫСҲΪŮ˶
ʬץס¹򶴸ǾͲżϻɹ⴦ԨأһУǿһΪٻȥ
ȷǸ֮أɹã¹֮ͬ󣬾ʣɿڶػ
ץٿʯڶϾ󣬵Ϊһͨ󷨣ԭԨǸָϢʯͷΧǰӿ
ʯУݳް
ΧԨͬʱʯҲӿ֮Уںϡ
ɲ
ڵϣͻȻΪѪ˲Ѫ
Ż¹֪󲿷ֶΣҲ֪ɲ˽£Ҳϲһ
̣
Ѫ£ΪһѪû뵽綾ʼԻٶѪ
ﵽɸ߶ȣΪҪ־綾Ҫܶ꣬ӦнҪǡ
ʬץѪ֮УѪûһ
Ѱһö䣬£ɸ߽λӡԣʲô
øӵܣռָӡҲֻǲݲӦм̣ںɹ֮гΪĳִɣ
һڷٻ䡣
ڲһֱǲģȲԪϾԷɣҲԪһԴ
һ
ҲܿѰһƿϢɹϤϢҲɿƵģһǽ֮
ҩӦþǻⶾ鵤
һţܿһʼһų⡢ʧѪ֮С
ƻҪܳ׻
ɿʼʮöԴҲ˳һʬ徫¹ơɿɡ
ϴɶǾΪȻвٱֻɿöϢǿҲٵĴ䣬¶ڴĿ⡣
ɴ䣡
Ϸɴ䣬Լ죬ڽӡ򿪣ɣһӶܽɴӡƽ⡣
ɿ󿴵ۻңö౦鵤ʯм飬ҿǱżǮ
鵤ʯɲݡɹУٵɷɽҲʮڣ䶼ͨɽȥҲһʯ鵤
ɿҲϲɷˣһٵɷɷֱ̥ӽֲͨڲܳΪɷͨӡУʩչɷܱƣŶƵģþ綾ӡУ


1594 ͼ˵
ڶΪʯʯЩѣЩɷ٣
ţ
ɷʱȻв̺Ϣɷ
ǳԽ֮󣬻ڲѽ⿪ǸѿգɴõģַȻܺɣ
ɿʶ˵֮󣬱ͷ߶
û뵽ɷһͬͷһΪһ꣬仹ɹ
ѿգһİ¹֮Ʒǳ䡣
ѿգ
һ洫ӣԽڷ֮ϡ
һɣ
ɰ
΢΢¶֮ɫѿմΪĪ⣬½ͨȻ޵ܵزԼɽʯ񶼲˶֡
һЩԪɿٴδ߶ѿ
֮ҪȥɽͼҳΪɽԵмǣҲĪñԼ֪
ѿԪ˵һԪ
ͼ
ɿþƵġ
ȴ֪ôˣ
ͼͼɿϣ֪ͼĴڣʧؽ͵ˣͼȻ֪ͼ

ˣ֪ͼƵģ¹Ҳֹͣ
ͼ
桢¹ԣްӡ
ɿ˫ۣ·ɤӣˣȻ֪ͼ
Īͼ˶֪ĴڣԽ档
ͨҲǹƳˣû뵽ɿһʧŹӡ
ˣ
ҲѪ״̬Ϊͨĳ֣һ־͵ɽ粻˶֪ͼָǬɳɽ֮ˣǲ֪ͼģɽ磬κһɡ۹֮Уųɶ֪ͼ
𣿡ͨȻҲ֪ͼ
ͨͼ˵أʵǹһ˵ԽйʱϹʱΪԶʱǺġ̫ʱδǿޣޡڰȵȣһЩ̫ǿˣǿ
廹Դ
ֻǴ˵Ҳܸһش𣬹ϴ˵֮УʮͼԶʱÿһͼһǿ֮˵Զйʱ
ʮͼ
ÿһͼһ֮ࡢ˭õӵԶǿż֮УҲ֤ʵõͼҲһЩͼһֱûг֣õ顢ʧˣ꣬ͼгֹģ
֪̫ͨˣ
ͨ˵꣬ɿȲ桢¹
ҵȷ֪̫Ͼֻһɣͨҡҡͷɿ˵ȥ
ڶͥλͼ˵Ϣ֪٣ͼڵģʮͼһʧΪĳԭˣʣͼ࣬ʱͼֱǡ޼ͼͼ
ͼɸɽ𵴣ͼȳǰǰɽ磬һǺԨǴͼƬǺӶΪһֻϹ̬ޱ׳ۣ˸ȥͼͥҲɳֶȥͥҲȥ
λȥ˵ǿȥͼǧ궼ͼ췭ظû뵽ͼǱһͥõǱһСںϣҶ׷ɱɼܵõͼˣȻͨˡ
ͼǧɱֵͼͻȻʧʮ꣬ܶ˶ΪͼϢʮһΪսһͥǿߣÿսʤսϰǿߣ£ԭ˲֪ʮǰõͼǸˣ
ڶͼ޼ͼڼǰû̫ˣŲʮ꣬ҾǸһɽһյسһҲɼɽ缸Ѫȷ磬õ޼ͼǸˣȻһߡ
ߺųԼǡ޼а𡯣һɽǿ߽а壬ǿȥ׷ɱż궼Ѫȷ磬޼аʧˣû֪ǻ˵ɱ޼ͼ˾УҲ˵޼аˣǸһĳλʱں޼ͼ
ɽ֮Уõ֤ʵҲͼ޼ͼɽҲһ˵˵һͼͼҲ֮ǰûţϾԶʱ񣬴ûʮͼһͬû֤ݣɵͼ֮޼ͼֳˣɽܶͼʱ
桢¹СĿ£ɿԶţͼܡ
ǽͼ޼ͼĳѪڡ
޼ͼ
¹ĳַ֣´档


1595 Ԥе޼ͼ
ǰһûʲôѰȫë׶һ㣬üҲ
޼ͼ
¹Ժһͬһط
Ʒ磬޼ڣ
¹˼ĵӦҲ뵽޼ڣ棬޼ڼǧڣƷճǧһͳһɳ½ֻʷ޼ִˡŴֻŵĴڣ
޼޼ͼйأ
һ仰
Ҳǰ¹ⷬ⡣
õ޼õ޼ڴУѵ㲻֪Ŷ޼ǰأǧһͳ½¹Ѿ棬һ֪޼
϶Ʒ޼ɽ޼ͼй
޼ھ˭ģûй¼ֻ֪޼ʥԼ޼У޼ڲŵԳΪƷǿһŲ޼һҵǰȻҪ޵Ҳֻǽ޼ԴǿƷˣ
޼ͼʮ޼Ҳͽ꣬ʱպýϣ޼޼ͼûйϵ˵ͨ
޼ڡ޼ͼ
¹˿϶Ҳϻ޼һĻĻ
Ȼ䣬뵽޼̺ǰļ֮뵽޼ͨɽδҲԽĪ
£޼޼ͼϵ޼޼Ϊز޼֮һַּ޼һӣǱ޼ߴɽ硣
ɻԼõĴ𰸣߰¹ڷ޼ڲ֮룬ɹΣõɽӵ޼λǿ߷Ӧɽ֮УͶҵõǿ˿Դɽ硢ļַɹҲûУνͣ޼޼ͼűȻϵ
ڰ޼óַ編ɽҲ޷ʹãȼ¹档
Ըˣɳ½ʦĿɳ𣬱뿪ɳ½޼ϵ֮ʱͽ޼õֵĪаƿ޼Լ޼޼޼ͼܣҲֻȥҵ𰸣
޼ȻĪа
޼ͼʧȥԵˡˣ
¹ǳԾ뵽ʶΪ޼ˣҲǺġ
ԵֶһͲˡ
ʵҲǳϧû뵽޼ڻ봫֮ͼйϵ֪㣬һ취޼
ھĪаԪʵ˵ĻԵˣ
ɽ˼ֿͨ
ͨⷽɽ磬յ⣬вٴССյأɽͥһյأɹ̫潣ŷǳңԶͥһٶȾҪʮ꣬ɸ
ˣǾȥɽƺҪȥɽɿΪż
ѿֽɻȥɽȻǿ֪£;оҪʮꡭ
ͼ
ǹͨͼĴڣ
ЩΪѣͿ¹ϾҪȥһ˲еġ
¹ǳֺɻĻش𣺡ƷϲȥȻɹв㣬ôԴȥɽ֮ǿҲ߳ɹʶͥ
ãһȥɽ
ľǰ¹Ȼͬˣȥˡ
ʵؼģ
˰ɡʬ塢Դ֮һʬ塣
Ͼ綾ҲԪԽӴ
Դ򽻯Ϊ㣬ԪоЩ̬һڲѭ
õ㣬һӳѪѪΪһͨ
Ѫ
֮ǰش
зʽһͨ
߳
Լ꣡
Ӱ¹ͷһ˿˿֮ʼһʼӶͻ̤졣
һʬ뾫ɿ󣬻Եģ¹õһ־ɵ̷ϴ磬ʵﵽ۷塣
˵¹ôͻһ磬Ƿ⣬ڼӿʣһҪԭ򣬾ǴԴ
κιʣȻෲˣûԴҲ̫ԡ
ͣ
Լһº
¹óɾ죬壡
ִӿ˽һ˳֮žڵ·ȫڱը
ͻˣ
֮ͻȻ¹ЩرܣҲͻƣҲ֮һ
ǰ桢ţ⣬һرˣѡһͻƣҲ¹ѣҲء
飬ֻһɹ顣
ֱӶ죬㿪ʼɵһξʮƷɵ
ɵͨʮ
ֻͨһƷɵһҪںϡ
治һʮ鵤ҿ֮ڣ鵤ںϡ
ǷȻ滹ѪߣԼɲ


1596 ѿյķŭ
һˣӵ󲻷
ѪǴУġ
ɲȴӷ翪ʼһֻԵɲͬɹ
ҪԴҲͬ
ֽں϶ɵѪɺüţһ˲䣬ٶȼӿ죬ð鵤ֲٶǳʮ
ֻҪͻƽ˳̤졣
ͷŸӦӦΧӦΧҲһң򡢷ࡢͨԪɱ䡣
ҲһҲ
ʼ־СǧҲзѪɫ࣬ںš
ڼʬ壬ɿһһʬ壬ʣµ桢¹֮Ϊ̤״̬
һ󣬰¹Ϣ䲻٣ֹͣУѽںϵһ̶ȣ׼ʽ᱾ģ˵ĳͷʩչ
űĴﵽɷΪɶǿȱģǶǷߣɿʼ᱾ģ
淢״̬Ȼ֮Уа¹ɿ뿪Ԩ
ֱȥɽ
뵽桢ţֻɹһ·һУȻаա
ɿĴСŽϻ֮Ĵʵʮ¡
ʵܶԸһɣ
ɹ
һƺЩƯϼ֮Уʯɡ
꽣ȻʧȥӦĪǸÿռָӡϢ꽣ҺòƶɣôǮһؾʯƶɣﵽؽ۷壬δʥҲ⣬׼Ƶı
һڣ
Ϊ洫ӵѿգ֮УΧƶ֮Уȴųü֮ɫ
ˣԸһɾӢҲ˷Ѿһ꽣˵꽣ϴȥʮǿߣȥɽͼǱҵõͼһɹףΪһҲ׾ٰ
ѿճ˼ãٵȴǴһɷ߶ٸҽ꽣Ҵɽٰҹ£
һ󣬲ɷӦͽɷ
ɽҲδȥңԶ֮⣬Σռյأ̤ɣȻĻҲȥյأֿʼΧֲʽâ
Ʈѩ
֮ϣ¹һѩ⣬ȴϢ̶̤
û뵽̶ͷϢ¹æףأϲʦɽɡ
̶ʺʱʱܼһЩƵĹڲƣϢ̤ܿɣҲ⼸꣬ոմӱչ֮гΪɣӽ쿪ʼҲΪ洫ӣҲѰһƿƮѩϣŬΪǷߣʦ𶼷ǳÿ㣬δɾһɹĪĴڣ
¹ʦõöʦѧϰʦ㣬ȥʱ΢΢һЩʦ׼
Ϊ඼ɹɻС̫ΣԻ⣬㲻ͬӣԳȥԣһҪģС̫潣ţǰӹȻɱɹһλ洫ӣɳǰֽţ̫潣һҪرܣ
Ǹɱǽɵӣ
ɣ
һĶ¹Щš
ҲɱһɵӣҲ㣬̫潣ŻһսƲˣ˫׼һ쵽·СģҸ㣬ǧ֮ߵɷҿڰԶĻٽһʱܸȥ㣡̶׳һɷ
лʦ㣡õɷ֪ɷڵõһΪɽ
һ˴
㾫ӢҲԻ˴Ǽˡ
ص桢ţ׼ã֮ǰֽʣ¼ʬΪѪ
һ϶Ʒ鵤ԼʮɼɣƶѪɷҲֵһЩ
˸еԴУ;ΪĳЩԭɢҲԴ̷
ˣҿ콫꽣ڲںɵȷҪƤ«꽣ںӡʧ𵴣ڣҲǳˡ
º󣬾ڳ֮ǰɿͻȻ棬ԭѿյ꽣߰˰ˡ
Ͳһɣܽں顣
Ҳɿ˼꽣ѿգ뷨ںϣһٻᱻѿոӦûпռȫӡ𵴣һᱻѿոӦϢҵ
ܿͽɿɺռ䣬꽣ѿں

Ưڣѿղδ뼸ӢӼƻʲô
ۣ
û뵽ĳͻȻɱк󱳣һ̲סһѪ³һЩƽ޷ɢ


1597 ƿ߿ճ
үҾӢӼæס
ѿջһ˫۾Ѫ³һѪ˭˭ҽ꽣ںǿȥ˭
߼˷ǳ⣺ĪǸϲģ
һʿɵû꽣ںĨȥɣ꽣ǵؽһɶ
Ҳйϵ꽣ԸһɣϢҲʧˣȥ֣ҲӦ
ѿˣ϶Ա֣ûлȥüȥûлһط˰ȥƮѩǸӢҹڲڣ
ǣ
˿ʼжǴ߶ƣ뿪
ϷһɵѿɫŻָ
ӣ
֮ǰ뿪һּææڵ˵Ǽǰȥһֱû
ˣǱҲӦҲһֱûԱһֹ
ʱһӢӷոƮѩǱ˴Ϣҹǰعڰʱ֮ǰ뼸뿪֪ȥ򣡡
Ծ꽣ûлؼ壬ҲûлɹɸҲʧȥ䣡
һˣüȥ飬һҹйأרŶԸʧȥϢö˶˻ˣϧ뿪ɹ򡭡
ѿŭ˫ͫգ·ˣһʱѻȸ
꽣ҵģ˭ռǿĨڱںӡǣһܲϢ
ѿƽδǱѿպ۸ҴɽǽɣҲҪ
þ֮ѿհһۣżɽȥ
ɹ
ӰɿٶԽɽ롣
桢СţǿԽɺ֮Уɺһ޴磬ǵü컯ԼСҽżһЩʬ彻
֮У桢¹桢ţֽɿƿء
һɾͷԿٸ߿
̫ʵڲ㣬һҪޣͨ
ͽƤ«컯ﵽһ̶ȣǾԼʬ壬˾
Сɽ֮УȻΣգѿֽɶȥ
ոʧ¹ͿĪ˼մ˵żҶ϶ĪɱԪżĪ鷳ɹżҸ֣Ҳ֡
浹ǽˣ
ɱʹˣôôɱȻҲĪ˼ꡢĪҴȥ鷳
һɹҲиѣɱԪȻĪ˼꣬صҲһ֪ɱˣͻӦһֻ鷳żô֣ɹɱˣǵǴɽʵرǿٱʱżҲ⣬˭żҷҪͶ̫潣ţҲͻĪ˼һ飡
Ҷɽ֮ãҲ棡
ɵʮ㹻һðãʯɷҲУͼûһҪ뾡һֶΣЩǿеõֻҪһǿʵɽ㡣
ɽ
ͼ
桢¹вѣ֪ѿֽɣҲȥɽʴһ·ϲδϢͥնȥ
ȻɿҺдɵѪ޷¡һһԽ
ʱ䣬ڷɽ֮У¹Ӵֻȡɷʼɻ𡢽ȵֶΡ
ɻ汾ڷںϼɱΪɻʵҲΪʩչɼȫɶԸκɡ
ɷҲ׼ýɿʵȫʯ쿰ɸ߶󷨣ΪԣȻĪô
Լ
ͨΪɿָλͨҲֻ֪ɽͥѰһɳعͼ
;üɳأҲмɹҪǿ࣬ǬɳҲֻͨǳذˡ
ʮ꣬ڷһǳأǬɳʮ˲Ϸɳء
˿ɳһĿɿڴˣ
ɳؾȻǽһƬɽڲͿսɣǳΰ
ֳǳΪƿ߿ճǡͨҲ˵Ȼûͥƿ߿ճǡ˶֪Ĵڡ
ƿ߿ճǽһƬɽڲͿգɽҲһֽǽǽһȦΧһȦֱǳۣ֮̾Ϣп
ܽƿ߿ճǵǳصʵǿҲһ֮ˡ
һţһɫϸȡʯ鵤һɽɳǡ
󷽣˼ɡΪרͨǣֱͷȫýκηá
ɾǵλ
ɾǿߡ
Ҳʲô·Уͷħ˴аеһǿдΪС


1598 СŮ
ͨ˻ͦģϾƿ߿ճԭסΪȾסȻ߰
ѷسˣͨɸ߽λΪҲ٣һƿ߿ճǹģܱȵɹ̫潣š
ÿ˼ϰٿʯ鵤ܽǳء
ھ͵Ⱥɽڲֵɽʯ̳ɣ¥̵궼ʯĥɣǳ
ڲҲһ޴ڲأӡںϣΪʮɫ
һɳǣ
ˣ㿴ʮʿǡƺǡӡ
ֵϣ̫ˣͨһЩһɽɴ˸⼤
ԭͥһ
ʲôƺǡڡħš
κһҪǿɹ̫潣ʮһͥ
˴ͨˣһЩ˰ˣˡūк
ǰˣ
ǳ棬ɱĽ磬ĦɱĦǻΪһˣѪҲ滯Ϊ״̬״̬
û˿ų⣬ǳС
ͨܣЩħаץྫѪڴĵͼ֣ټɽ磬˾ūҪΪЧ
һЩ塢֮У˷ǳ࣬Ұ˼۸ǳ߰ǹ塢ǿ߲вƷݡ
ܶ˶̻ڽϹ඼ͣûȻḻ顣
ֵͨˣʵǺܹһյ֮е壬ҲһӣϧǸ⣬ûʺ๦Ҳʺϡ
˰ޣࡢй޷˳԰ֻٿС
ð¹սأЩ˰߹ЩǰˣҲ塣
˼ֵҲۡǶôжȨ
һ̵깺ͼɽͥͼԼһЩؼ
۸ҲͣĽʯŹ򵽸ؼ
˵ʣҪİ
϶㿴֣۸ʣһȥҲԳ棡
Ȼ˴ǰ˵Ц

һѪҺͿʼӿҲɿ󡢰¹Ųȥ㡣
ɾ̫ˣ󲿷ֶɣҲʮˣһ̨ΧɡֻΧվš
ڹ̨һ磬ǣһˣһȮϰһİȮˡ
˷׷ױȮһϡƷš
̻ǿ߽ܣǰȮˣ൱ʮ꣬ÿԵ̳ϺŬҰ࣬ģ۸׼ʮƷʯʼ
ôҰˣ
ģ
˾͵ÿа˶ģôҰˣ
ΧҲ죬˽½š
Ͼǹÿ˶ʸۡ
½˱۸еĴﵽʮʯֻнɲ
һˣһŮ
һȥҲҪ¥ʱĿȻһ
һŮ°ЩƵħ󲿷ֶ࣬ںͷȴסһЩɫƬ
ŮҲһЩƬǳģŮģȴܱ£Ů
ŮüϻһǣɫֻСָСΧͷƤ۽Ȼͬͷһֵâ
ƺŮ࣬ȴڲȻĿ⣬ϴһЩ򵥴ֲǰȻΰڵȴҲö˿Ŀת
ֶ̻˽ŮˣҰǰˣҲֲһԲ֣ΪŮӣ۸ʮʯۣƺܳªúĻǿԳ䵱ū̻ᱣ֤֮
ǣ̻óʮ⳥
ּ̻ܣڳªֻҪҵ֮ԿϺʧϰ࣬ǿģУ
ƭˣôിҰˣ
ôģϰٺƬһûǰƷˣ
Ҫʮʯ˭ȥǸЦ
ΧȫŮʧȥȤ
󲿷˿ʼѯʼ۸ˡ
桢¹ɿ֮кۡ
˷·˸ûм¥
¹Ƴţи洫ǰŮ߰ɣÿڴУһӶҪˣ
ˣɣǴʮռʯܹҲʮ£һ۸񣡡ɿҲˡ
ʵֹɿɺ֮ĺҲҪ°Ů
ȴһֱδ
ʵ򡭡
һѪӰŮһ̣ԼԼʼܿƣڵزա


1599 °Ů
Ϊλ
ĪŮɵħģеħѪڷҲյħΪеħڲѪܿƣ
򣬵Ȼ򣡡濴ˡ
ʯҾͽ꽣ҲˣһѣûҲʲôɿͬŮ
ȴһ󣬴󲿷˶ɢȥˡ
ֻʮ̸̻۸Ůڽû˹עΪ۸̫ߡ
ˡ
΢΢ü˲ͻȻһ춯
ԽǿŮԽ
鿴ͳԾˣȻǴӷõɫΪŮɫȻ΢΢ͷϢ
ѵϵħϢҲɫиӦɫҲƣҵõɫҲûֶΪҶں֮ɫиӦʵԾѡ
֪Ů·Ҳʲô̧ͷ˲䣬ˣɾĿϡ
ϣҲӦĳϢ
С㣬պĸ㿴
˫Ӵһ˲䣬ȻмҲһ
Ǵ߹һ壬ҲǸ߼ʯֵơ
иŮӣҲͶʮӣ·ƶһӢȻŮ
̨һ˲ŮӣЦǺǶŮӽܣλС㣬ŮǴҰȥһҳѾߣ֮ɫ
û뵽ŮһЦ˼ĪҵҪĳªܿ
˼С󣬸ô򣬸ô򣡡ǹ̨֪ƨˣŲ˸Լϳ˼ơ
ǵΧЦͣ
˼ֺƤŮŮ޲ýŮӵŵһ߸߹š
۸٣ŮӴƬ̡
Էæָͷݹʮͨʯ۸񹫵Ұһ
̫ˣ˵ҲһҰҲĿ飡ŮӸһס
۸Ȼ̸
ʮʯ㰮Ҽﷴвٰūһ࣬һ٣
⡢ǿˣСٿǿǣ
һͻˣҲ֪ŮӾǴͻֻ̫úŪ
ܶˣŮԱһֵҡͷ
ǳʮʯ
ڴʱ¹Ȼ߳
ʮʯ߹ŮһЩˣ¹һɲǼ䣬΢΢ɫ
̸̸̻۸ǣȥɰͰֺø߹Ůӡ
Ҳʮʯû뵽һɾһĸ߹ŮӣҲ߼۸
úã
̻ⷽЦúϲ£졣
ܶ˶濴û뵽һͨˣΨһƾŮȻ
¹һҧʮʯ£۸ٸˣ
߹ŮӵǳĬˡ
ԱһֵͳС㣬ܳ߼۸ŮһǴλֵʮʯ
ûٳ߼ˣ
̻ⷽѯʣԵ׼ͬ⽫Ů¹
һŮӣнֲ࿴ˣøĿⶢŰ¹
̻Ű¹䣬桢ɿҲһȥ
С㣬߰ɣ
߹Ů˼Ӱʲôûˬ˰ȻĿ֮뿪㡣
ڣ
ˣһθ壬ܴ߰Ů
̨һ¹ͨģڣһɣ;ɲõó˴ʯ
¹ŻĴɫȸʮʯһЩؽɱ㽻ףɷ񣿡
ԷȻͬ⣬Ҳ¶ЦݣȻԣ̻ᣬκףóʯԼɱ
һץǴʯ֡
̻üֳǴʮؽƷͨɱǲ
ɱֵǮģǽף̻Ƕֻգ˼ȻҪ׬һʣöʮؽƷͨɱŵԲȫм۸
ɣɿͰ͵Ǻò׷һʺƣһ붼ûˣ鵤һЩͨɱ
û⣬ǻʮʬ壬ɻв٣鵤٣㹻ɽ浹ǲں
̻ṫ֤ȥﶼΪλϲֽ̻Ů綯һǣ
ϱסܶط˺ۡ
ȥˣ¹һɨ̻֡
ԷɣסЩһܣеĻɱˣ̫࣬ǿҪ
ҼС˵ãͲãظһ䡣
̻ⷽҲû취ɣŮǱ˲Ʋܵôࣿ
û֮󣬰¹԰Ůǻ£ǲǻˣԺ͸ǣʵǿˣԶ棬ǻɣ
ȺǷӡǮ˶ԡ
̻һȺ˴ԭأûɣ
뿪̻ᣬ¹ŰŮŮҲҶһ֡
ⲻ֪мҲиżڽֵƣɿֺ󣬾档
˹ѡ뿪ƿ߿ճǣ±ɳöҲ뾡ȥɽ


1600 Ů
Ȼƿ߿ճǼˣ壬һͽλɣɰˣ
Ҳηηβɱ˾ɱˣҹݲʣ޺ƲǼӵܣΣǮƣͳˣ
ֺ֮У⣬żˣһ뿪ƿɳǡ
ǸɫŮӣɲɱˣҪˣҲȥüǮ˵֮۸ߣ
ٶԽˣ
ˣɣɵͽλɸ߽λ
ǰ
ûκѰ桢ɿһֱעź󷽼˶
ŮҲ¶־֮ɫ
ɿЦ㹻ʵɣһŹɱģ
ΪĶԸɣ
Ůû˵ȴ
ಣ
Ծ׷һ󷽣¶ǿԣ׷ɱ
ɿٶζͰ
һɣɣɶ֣УҵüʱߣոͳѨǿڣֻаŮԽԽ䲻
ǲˣöɽɣ
ɱףĸײжЦ

һƬ졢ƺȻӺ󷽣ԳٶϮ
ɡ
ȫɽҪɽ
ȴϷƷŵһɱ飬սҲԲ
˫Ϸ߿ɢȥ֮ǰ߹ŮӣԼ¼ˡ
ĮȻɨɣ֮дɱСˣ޳ܡ
ɡ
˿Ÿ߹ŮӣǿŮԱ߼ʿһ˿ɱż˹ġ
֮ǰǿȻͬ
ǣ
һʿӸ߹ŮӺ߳
һˣеģ΢΢ƫ֣һָ˵ǻᣬ֣ܿסһܻž컯
СĴˣˣ
ȻˣҲһɰ
ţҲ֪ɲʮҲղнɡ
ŮӾȻǣ
һ
ɿϢŮӣӢŮӷһ
ҲףѣΪŮЩΪˡ¹Ҳû뵽Է·֣Ҫɳ֡
ޱ飺ֻ˵һ飬ֿסһֵܵǾٹȥУֻ˵˲ãƿ߿ճǸȹ
󣡡
ͻȻվȻ׽췽һսܻ
ɽץɽŽӡƯ𣬲ʼûһ·γһ佣
ɽ߶ĽΪ佣ÿһ佣ںϡӳһγɽס
Ȼͨ򵥣ܽȫעУɽںϣڽһ죬һǷϧǲúȥΪɳЧ
ಣ
߹ŮԱλˣ
ٶȲ죬ͻȻһƬӰ㽣ǰسһָ
ָٿȻ£⻪Ϊһָâ
ס
˲䣬ڸɽ֮С

ָâһָ㽣֮ϡ

һ㽣飬һͬ飬ִѺۡ
䡭
ɿƻֵܵסϾδȫ飬ڲɽȻưԵ
˽Լײ֮֮桢¹ɿ󶼸оֲ޷Ϣ
̫ǿˣ
Ǽɽ磬һǿ
㽣ڵϵȻָâ͸һڿɽ˲䱬ը˲˷ɣһΪѪˡ
֪
ָâҲʧȥ˲δͷŶǿƣһˣѹɡ
ŮӾǴͷһ˾ǽɡɿСΪ洫
¹ˣһ·󣬻ɽнһУСɣΪԪ֮ȻҲнɣʱԸңֻе
ϧһλᣬǿȥɽö̶ʱǿ󣡡
ɲ裡
¸֣˲䣬ƿǺεȴڡ
мɽ֮ãǱǿٻصɹͲǶԸżҡңȥԸǡ
ˣ˵ǸѿգҲǼģȷҪģȫͬһѪ⣬ΪԪ̫ǿˣڵͨҲ档
ˣ
ץסɽϿռָȡߡ
ಣ
Ȼͨٶȥգʬġ
ʱü߹ŮӴŻˣ¹ɿ
л߹Ůӣ¹񣬲ţδܵġ
߹ŮӴʱδͷųһǵ񣬷΢΢ЦӣҿַǳϢҲǳ֪ķ壬ӣ
¹ӦֻСʿ


1601 ԵȻ
Է¶֮ɫûȥæҿԱ֤˲ţȥɽ󣬿ɡȥĵطޣаħ֮Ҫɱܼ򵥣вɫɱӻ㣬ǿõٺжĽ
˼
Աߣ߹Ůֱ¹ÿ仰Ƿǳ
߹ŮԱ߼ˣŰ¹Ŀ⣬Ϊ¹ͻԵ
ֻԵͻȻġ
߹Ůƽ԰Ҫɽܴƿ߿ճ˵ԵǳԵ֣αҪظԵأҲΪѾߣҵѣ
ܿС߹󣬸ղҲԷθޱϣݲҾܾһҪ˵ллû뵽¹ǶȻҡͷ
ɸԭ򣡡
ŮƬ̣΢ЦĪҪᣬΪⱲӣûб˾ֻܾ֪һܾҵˣΪξܾң
ͨˣҲһӦ㣬ԼĵҴ濪ʼʹδκ˵͹ͷ˼ǺңҷģϣͨԼȥУ֤һŮǿԳΪǰݺءҲκˣϣ֮·ƽƽ棬лС̹Ҳɽ磬һ̹ˣŽŮӣ¹ϢȶҲ̹档
ΪһŮӣŽ̤ϵģȻ㣬֣Ҳ޻˵żȻضеһ浽ˣʱһãΪҪɽΣأأ
߹Ůѩڻ¹ף֮ԦȻڼ¸ӵ£ת˲볤ա
ɿ󻹺ɣ˶ǽɣŮͷ
¹ԶԶԵԻ
Ϊǽ鷳ʬ壬ƿʮʬ壬㹻ʮɣӴ˴ҲõԴѪ㹻ɽ֮ãԣó־ܵõʬ壬ɿϵڱ
ϧʬԴԱλŮ»ȡߡ
ٴ·ͨԱȵͼŻʱ䣬ܴƿ߿ճǴﵽɽڻı
лҪɳأпıһǳأһϢء
¹ڽ֮Уɿ鵤ѪɣԳʱ߶ɽա
꾭ǳأ˶ûѡϢҹͣ·ֻа¹ŮߵıȽϽɿ󼸺˵ϰ仰
˵꣬˲òһɽͣ
ΪҪͻˣ
¹ΪҲﵽ۷壬óʯɷúôɿȥһɸ߶Ѫ¹һھ
߳

˫ͫȻâ˺ſԽش
ͷȳ֮ȫͷţҲڽͷſʼͻơ
ɵǣ¹ͻҲڰ׾֮УžƯѪ֮ͻơ
һᣬ˴Ѫ鵤ԣǰ¹Ҫࡣ
¹ҲͨˣɼҩҲĺܡ
Ȼ桢ţͨʱʱ̶̿鵤ѪɣʵҲڲ
СҲգʩչĴ֣ȫԶԸκɡ
˵ǽ֮޵С
ʵҲͨɲ࣬ʵ桢¹Ҫ죬ΪΣ
ƣԴ˳ɶǸˣУ滹ҪǴ֮ࡣ
ɶĸԴŬУʵ桢¹൱壬ʵͨɸ߶Ҳ֮С
ˣˡ
һʱ˫ۣ˿
ӦͷųȥΧ׷ΧӦΪһЩ䶼ܿ߰˰ˡ
ӦΧˣʵԶ׼ڣܿ󲿷ʣڸӦ״̬˺֡
Ů
ӦȻ⣬ɿһŮ
ǰŮģһϢٴͻѪ΢΢ķա
˲ɫҲһֱӦϢɫϿɰŮ
һֱ档
ɹɲԴΪʼƽ״̬ս׸ӦǰɫǰŮһֱиӦϢͷţĪħѪϢж
Ҳһֱڳ˯֮У潫ͶŽһǱ
˯޵ǵ֮棬ħǴصһ࣬õϿҲģһԭ򣬹ǰϻиѪ鱻ںϵܵõϿɣСӹƼ񵽱ˣϹ壬ǽѪ


1602 ɳ
Ҳ˵İޣЩȻؾ֮
˵֮СӺúöԴܽԷڣϷٰ㿴һжˣɱɣټӿʱڻְޡ࡯ӵС࡯֮
ࣿ
ڳͻ̬Щͻ̬ᡢѪɱ䣬Ҫ߶ͷţȻӵ࣬˲䱬õӻǿϴͨͨķҲɱΪ࣬ʱҲ˵㼸ӵúӡǣͫȭͨҲδգ
ųһһ㲻
ǲӰѾУҳɾѪ֮壿һʧս
˵ӡǣһ֮ɲͨҲδն٣ԺѾӡ䡭
ͻȻһֵͷȡ֮С
ûΪһඥ泩
֮ѪѪӡǡͫȭ־컯κһŶڡ
һŶޱѣοô಻ڡ
¹ҲϢѹƣ𣺡˳̤죬ʵ־٣Ҹоͻ֮ƣΪȫӵ۷쾳磬ȴֻܱ졢Ϊ
󻯵еʯʣɷһҲδ䡣
Ůɿ֣Ԫںϲ̫ɱǿϣŽѪתΪԪɽںϣһҪһҪʮʬ壬ҵɾػһ
˾ֶΣܴκ֮Ȼʮɽ磬Ϊ໹ǵɾ
ó¹֮佨ΣԲȥݡ
һγˣɿʵҲɸ߽λʵɰ졣
Сã⼸һûй죬ҲǴˣ㲻õģа࣬ҲкˣǾѪҿҲɵͽλʵִƣѪʵԣ
Ԧ꽣ѱɿںһ֣Ԧڵؽ۷ɽٶȱ֮ǰһ
һ࣬ȫѪԼӡǣȻҲݹѧоȭ
¹Ůں󷽽֮Ůһֱû˵ֻа¹
ָѪðŮŮѪԴŽ䱸Լֻš
ţ˵һ֣㽫Ѫ̷ȥ
Ҳ֪ʲôǽ䱸ĵ˵زȻŮܲԸѪ
¹ָֻƣҲǿʵҲٶ˵ʲô
ѪͷŰûо綾壬ʲôǿ
ȻʮϢ˫ͷŲѪѪãϽѹơ
ͨۼͷأˣǰӦþǽıһɳǣΪɳǡҪҪѡϢ
ּȥ
̤ͥı뵽ڳǳأܻϤһЩ鱨ͬɳǡ
ɳǳˣ
ǾͱȲƿ߿ճǰ񹤣һƬԭǳص󷨸ǣΪԵʣڲɽˮȻͬ
ɳҲӴֻƿ߿ճһЩˣ֮£û뵽ɳǵ˲٣ҲһЩˣЩʵǿ󣬺ܶ඼ʵ
˽⣬ԭͥһЩ֮أǴ󲿷ѡϢ֮أΪӣΣأ˺̤ԸЩط
ɳӰˣΪﲻٰ˶ǽǳؼ۸һҪ࣬˾ȻǮóʯЩ嵹ҰܻòԴ
ǳڲҲѲߣһЩ޷ˣΪЩֵҲаڽƷһЩԭʼܳƷ
ĶûֻһЩҰϡƤëȵȣʯʯҲǳ࣬ɲݡɹҲС
Щʺ壬ǹﾫ衭
ӦһЩӹľ裬аȻѪȣǴż̸۸
Ϊ֮ҲаŮԵʣ˶ԴԿһûŰˣԼ۸ҲıȽϵ͡
ЩԲͬһЩ֮ʵܴﵽɸ߽λҼΪ
ٶһˣнס
¹ϸֲٰΪɣƿ߿ճЩˣȴ඼ǵɡΪ
˽⣬֪ڻıһЩγɵǿ
䣡
вҲа벿䣬ɳЧҲ˳Ϊ̷Щ˶Ǳ޲֮ˣԶҲܻȥ
ȥ֣ɳҪ԰˴
˳Ȼǰӿȥ


1603 ּѿ
桢¹һ̻ᣬͼԼϢȴܶ뿪̻ᡣ
Ķˣǹȥ
һ㳡
ۼˣΧԶԶȥһʿʮˣһۣϷһһɳ󵶡
Щ˵ӿ󣬸ڰ;Ϯɳˣҽɳ͵
Щ嶼ҰΪʽԭʼΪɳҰյأԺΪ
ϧˣЩǳΪūū۸ǳˣ
·˶۷׷ס
û뵽ִдмˣ˿ͬû֮ɫЩɳǸֺ£Ͽա
һ£ʮ˱նף壬ǿ壬׷֮Կֻ
̫Ѫȣնͷȥһ࣬죬ǾѪࡣ
Щͷ֮ڽһѪҲڲ±նͷ­ǻġ
ʱͷʬûж
աû̺Ϊԭʼնףδ̺ûشԪðԼһʧȥδ̫Щ¹Щ̿ȥ
Ȼ淨ҪɱҲѪֶΡ
浹û˵ʲôְⷢŮһЩɫ䶯ָֻܿ
뿪㳡ȥһʳ¥ֵһЩԵҲɽ
鷳Ѱһͨʳ¥
ȵһӲˣڽţѰˡ
ʳ¥ȵҲǰˣǻŮ˵ŮɵʲôһԲ
ҲԶƺʳġ
ЩǴ̻ռڶɽֶϢǳûһ
ϯ䣬ǴʮɷͨɷЩǷӡģɽССϢ
˷ֿжںһɷ
ɽ䡭
ã¹⣬棺ԭɽǰ˵̣һΪǿ޲䣬Ϊɽ䣬ǰⷽıһɻʥšйδģɱ˵ɽм𵴣ϼ˵úɽս
ףҲйںɽɻʥһЩ鱨ɻʥſͥһʮӣɹżˣ໹ͨӣɽҲǿһֱϢɽûмɳ֮ǰɽ䣡
ϼȺףһڶʮǰû˵ͼᵽһֹ֮Ҫɽû֪ʲô֣ϼ⼸γһв֮
ᵽſͼԼѿջõ鱨ǴӼɳģȥͥټ˷ǲͼû˵꣬иǿɳǣֽɽɽ䷢һδγͻûᵽܵõ֮
ɽ俴ǳǿɳǶЩɵɻʥͥһҲ޷ѹƺɽ䣬һУȥյ֮У͵ڽɽ̣Σգ
ֲΪУʲôҪкɽǿ߶ɱ֣Ҳֻܷܲܳ㱻նɱغ͸ÿһȨɽǺɽ̣
Σգ
桢¹һ˲䣬Ϊĵһ¡
Ϣ̫࣬ټԷֱ棬ǺɽǴڵģɳǴڵģôɻʥɽһδηҲǷġ
ζ̤ɽͻΪɽǿУ
δ˱ȻǵУʱɲǲжԹҲɱ֡
бȻ֮ա
ˣǿ쿴ǲɹϢ˽֮ʣɿ͸ǰһҺ¥һѯʲô
ɹ
桢¹͸ȥʮԶһӣʮ꣬һڱ˿ϢһʿеľɾҲоϤ
Ȼɹӣ
һΪﵽ֮۵ĴڣĪ˼껹Ҫǿһ֡
ˣƺҲɹˣ
ɿַ¥Ȼ֮ǰ˻档
ֻһӣϢȻͬһɡ
ǸЩɿ˵һ
ȷϤˡѿգɹ洫ӣ֮ǰɱɷ֮Уд
ӣܿϳ˾ɵͷͷ
ѿգ
ԩҲͷɳһɳأѿһɹӣһ̾뵽ѿһֱɽȴǰڼɳǼ档
һڶ¥̻򿪣һһԲﻹмλ
Ӧǻʲôˡ
û뵽ֻһᣬмʿˣҲɹӣһҲǽɣһŮӡ
һһŮɣ
濴¹ֻ֪ѿգһŮӣӦҲ洫ӣʶ


1604 ҩ
ûӡɹӣ󲿷ֶͨӣɵӲֻ̫࣬ٽ洫Ӱˣ¹ϢҲҡҡ޴֪
һҪȥɽŽʵﶼȥãֻϣǲҪɽǣԸɿɲף
ɿȥʮɹ֣һ־Ͳˡ
˵ѿһѶٲ³֮һΪ
ֹ֮ʳģ֮СӺ˳
ڼɳǶ죬˲뿪ɳǣ򱱷ȥ
ıһƬܶطɳĮҲһЩֺɽ
;һЩˣеȥɳǣȥɽ˾ˣֻڰиӦһЩϢ
һºһɳĮһƬޣ˾ʹУҪʬ壬ƷѪ
ʬ弸;Уʮһգʣʮʬ塣
޾ɳĮ֮пɳĮۣ̫֮󣬼˸պÿԸӦ̫Ǳ롣
ܶطƣҲеطͬ
֮ǰʬ壬ֱգɳ
ʱ޷ӦΪ̫Ӵ̤죬ʵҲͨʵܽͷڣ߰˰ˡ
Щ󷨣ʵȻ޷͸
޷͸ɡ
ΪѪѪѪɫ඼ʬȻ䡢ǿ󣬵ʱɣڸַӡȻҲ޷֣ձɹɾһΪѪ
ܿɴ󲿷ϣв⾧ӡǵۡ
ɡҲеۣ۷ǿҲеۣۼ緢˿
ɾǧꡢнСһ֮ԪԼȭӡâȵȡ
۾Խ࣬ܳصԽ࣬Խͷųͨ
Խǿ䣬ҲĪϵڷҲֻۣһۼ޷
Ϊ˽еɡУ̤ɾͻγĵɼԦΪס
㡭
ɿȻʮ⣬һԾһ硣
桢¹ǰŮŵ֮Удһɵ
ȻһЩ㣬һźһˬС
ź뾪ȣĪĳֱ
ɳĮֻĵأһ㲻бֻһЩϵΪɳĮûˮ޷γǴɰֵģпⷽɳĮˮĳȻζɿҲΧбǡ
˾ͷһֺͬѰš
ڲйû㣬𽥷ɳĮûзɳԶǰʮɳĮȻγɺ¥һ㣬һЩڸ߿֮вɱǳʵ
ǹɻ֮УһһââΧγɸֹ⻪
ӦǱҩͨҲˣҩҩͨɲݡɹеﾭʱᣬͳΪҩһ걦ҩǳһ̤ɣһǵһҩ죬ǰ̻ҩˡ
ɿҲͷҩȷ˿ɱһĻǻЩȷᱦҩɱɱȥ
ɲʲôɳΪɣ
ҩȻܴµòҲҪĿò
ԽʮȻһɳĮΧϰٹɱʮˡ
Ǻ֮Уһưһɸߣ濪Ѫʺ컨䣬һӣСȭͷС󲿷Ϊʺ죬Ҳһֺƣ͸Լâ
ɲͷƣһﱦҩܾţ£Ҹɿɱȥܵõ걦ҩɸף
Щܶ඼ɼޣģ¹֮󣬱ڰŮز
Ϣ
ɳĮϷֱըۣһɱͷųһ໥
ΧɳĮ˲𵴡
ݣ
ɿһ֮У
̣
ϢγĦɿɣʵҲﵽ߽λ顣
ɲ٣һء
󣿡
ճ˳գһͷëƵģԼɣҩâȻ𿪡
ּɿɱٶȲһмɿٶȣץͻͻը
䣡
ɿʱΪ״̬ⱻԷһۿСһȭɱھ˴ơ
ȴû뵽ԷƸסӿһɽ˺ü
ûԽһƬɿΧյط׷׽С
ٿڿâǰȴҩâ޷ǰһΪôûеõҩ


1605 ᱦҩ
ԭҩâ˿ֲ´ﵽ۷߶ȣϸϸһÿһʺ컨䣬ͷһâô໨һâںϣγɴŲʮâ
棬Դ档

һץۣӺ
ͻϮ·ǳѸͣǱʩչ֮ԭһ˫ͷǹ͵Ϯǹ
еͽλʵ
ǴɱûĽУս׻ҲҪˡ

ץâ
ȷүүҲ
ţһԾȻ桢
һ֣ɼ÷ǳѲʵҲͨɣҪԸܳ
ͷһɿΪһâٶԽüͷϡ
С󣡡
ɿΪĴϸԷɳĵʮ
һ˳ơɱĴΧγһ籩籩ɾˣγɼ̽籩
ʮʵǿɿƿأ籩ҲƯĴоʿϴ
ۣ
ʮʱӽ籩ɱͷ͵Ϯ˫ͷǡ
˫ͷǸмСҲɿʵˣһ𳬽ȥ
һȻںϣʮΪĵ·Ĵ˲佫һͬʱն˫ͷϡ
ɱ˫ͷˡǱߣ
СȻʵʮɿ󱾾ʵʩչС󣬽ܴﵽ۷壡
汻籩ţǱҩâɱǱס
Ǽͷ˫ͷǡԼֹ籩Աһݻ̬ǼǻΪһԲν󲿷ְԵƻ飬н籩Ҳʲô
תâھҪ취ζȡҩҪõҩɲףȽһâ
ɽȻնϱҩҲ˼ҩ
СҲһâ޷ƺʯһâˣҩǾͿˡ
ϰ취ܽâõҩܽЩâɣΪⱦҩ
˫ͫͷȹâһ˲ͷһѪ
ѪԼǧֻâΧͿʼɱҩâ
ıҩâտʼǿϢԸѪڱѪɣ޷ֵ
ұҩϾȻʶγɷԼʼ޷ƹֶΡ
ѪֿκʣâǱҩȻ޷мѪ
ʩչ컯ѪɫɱҩâٶȾԱȲѪϾΪ̫
ҩһʧâѪɣұΪ
ԼĪһ㣬âʧ󲿷֣ԷС
ͣ
û뵽ҩЩ޻֮УȻʼð̣ӿһЩҺ
漱æ˺󣬱Ͼҩ۷壬־綾մȾϣҲҪüܻ⣬ֲ֪ҩ綾ж˵޷⡣
ˣ
ͨɳ
õʼҩ
ҩЩ·ܸӦϢһɣһ仨Ϳʼʺ춾Һ
ҺƣͿʼյƷ·ҪΪ̡
ͨһͽʺ綾Һһεεڣ֮岻ðһѪɫ
ˣҩ綾ǳֲһҲɥƾ綾֮ҲںϣͨʼӦҩ綾ٶҲʼӿ졣
С𵽴ãҲҪһĻĴ󵨱ƽҩ
߳߳
Һʻյ֮ͨտƵġ
ӶҺ֮䴩󲿷ֶҺɣ뱦ҩɹԽԽб͸ȫʱˬ

ץȥâΪ״âΧ
˲䷢ɹ£ǶϿ侪˶Һ׼ͷˡ
ͨԸҺ뿴űҩˣ걦ҩ¶ҺҲԽ඾ҺԽǿ󣬺ܿɹƳ֮ΪΣ
Ĵһɣû뵽֮ͨɱҩҺЧջ
Һκˣʶѣϵǣȫͨ
ǻϣ
ΧΪâɢ֮һʮмˣɱһɹغɱ籩
ȺħƵģƾɽХһ˽һ˴ɾ޴ɿֻ÷ֵơ
Сֵܼ漣ĴԱ𣬼ϹҲֵܼڡ
Щɶӵͨɡʵû˲ͨȻĴĿǰΪ߶СҲ޷ֵڡ
ͨЩ籩ϱѹƣʾͨ뿪
¡
ʱһ̻Ƶը죬Ͽճ֡
̧ͷһǿɲ̻ȻЩѤӦһɷһơ


1606 ɻʥǿ
ѤձϰٹҲգҲ໥ɱɱ˷ɢȥеĹеĶɳĮеա
籩ЩҲһ
ˣѲ籩߽⣬һ㽣粨Ƶڰɢȥ
Ĵ۵üƣ档
¹ŰŮҲæϣΧʧûټòԾߴͨ뿪֮ʣݲü˵һ仰ȻããɳĮʳһƬ⡣
ǳۣڱ֮£ϻɳףոΪ۵Ľâ
桢¹ɿ˲ɫͨնҺ
ͨתʱ뼸һͬƬǰʿһǻۼӳ֣Խ̤ɽ̷ÿͷϢǽɣҲʿǽɳϢ
氵զࣺԭɣԼô֣ЩӵĿ죡
¹ЩӦƬıǿɡɻʥšӣҲܵϢͽһٶߣ
̼䣬ΧϢ·㡣
ԭɻʥţֲò
һɣһ˺üǣɭȻڰϷˣٵҩ䣬ֳնɱ
汧ȭɣҩ񱻼ͷֶȥҵֻܹ
ҩܱɵõղоһɲϢͷţʲôǿ߻УҩߣɢѰһϢ໥֪ͨ
ɸ߿´һߣҲɢߡ
̫ˡ
һõҩɻʥǿߣǿ²ܻ뿪
ɻʥǿɢȥҲһں
ɻʥţ
ɹ̫潣ŻҪǿĴڣףҪɱ˾ɱˡ
Ͻߡ
Ϣ뵽ղݽɱ⣬ɵͷһ˶ʱɳĮȥ

ԼĪɳʮۿҪɳɳĮ
󷽻ɳ֮УһɿĴ
ͳͳվס
һ֮֮Уɱ뼸ġ
Ҵľǵʲôʲô
̼ɻʥŵӣǰͷ۷ƣ߾֮ѹƼˡ
֮ǰ֮һ
оܲáɿ׼ʱ֡
ӣǼΪĴڣһ̷ȴһֻӥͷѹˣʥźȴʱʼͳΪʥۣߣ
ۣ
۷֮ʱѹ桢¹ŮѪ
桢ţ֡ɿĴﵹֻǣѹü˺ѣûǱ
ϴ󻹵ʲô֣ɱǣţҪͷţħȦ
ڷǷˣ衢ѹνˣɣҪܵ˴衣
Ƿߣưոݣ
ɳĮݺԼĪԽԼɻʥһ޷ɱǣػᱻɻʥǿڶʱɱȵȵȡ˵棬ĬĬҶ
ߣ
ӥִ΢΢Ԫ֮һߣ˼Ĳ
ūһʵʵɺ󷽣ѰٶҲǷɳĮ
ȫûˣѹƲϼͨˡ
;˫һԲ뿪ɳĮִż˼򱱷
һʱȥ
ɿɪɪˣΧûκɻʥŵϢǿԶˣ뿪ɳĮҲ
ںظӦܴ֮ﵽͨɸ߶ȣӦһЩҲܸоΧʮûκϢ
ˣǲȥڰ֮Ԩ
ڴʱڼǰǰҲǸӥ˵ˡ
һ˵ͷڰ֮ԨݽȥЩףȥҲЩ鷳
ڰ֮Ԩ
桢¹κˡ
ıİģӹͼܣҲǶԻıİ
ڰ֮Ԩһ³ǳأλĳյ׵£ɸаʿ˽ǿĺɽҲڰ֮Ԩ
³ǳˣа񡢰Լɢ޵½֮أ񼫵ɳǡƿ߿ճǰ㣬һ׵ء
ںڰ֮ԨûκɷԼɱ¾ģԽκʲôࡢ˽ףɽץסɻʥŵӣҲóס
ɻʥҲԶƺڰ֮Ԩﳣиֹζҽ³ֻһͨɻʥҪǿдȥظشۡ
Ȼԭ
ڰ֮ԨܴôãûбɻʥɣȻһЩɢ޾ͷֺ֧ڰ֮Ԩڳǳڿ轻̻ᣬ˺ɻʥŸɱЩͷȻ뾡취š
ಣ
ʱһƬֺҲѰŻᣬҪ֮ʣû뵽ֺǿǱء
ǰʮˣѰ˲ͬһҹ£Ƥ쳣ɷס


1607 ƻ
һǳٽӴ⣬ӦԺڰ֮Ԩǿߡ
лˣ
ƺͷͷ˽Ӽ˺
һԱ֮ΪӢİˣڼͣ£ԶԶЦʲôԽ׵ģɻʥǺڰ֮Ԩǵˣǲܾ׬Ǯûᣡ
ӥӻһץͽ漸ǿϳ⼸ˣǺڰ֮Ԩ̻ᶼϲ½˰ɣ⼸ȥɽ䣬һЩڰ۸һߣŮӣɻʥҲǾɫڣ
Ŀһɨ¹ȷ˷ܡ
˵ǮޱֵȲҪõ¹
ӥӰȻͨŮȥڰ֮Ԩ۸һؽƷʮҪʯһ鲻٣
ʯ
֮ͫ
ǰ¹ʯûһ˿˿
ޱԱ󣬿ʼۣ̫ˣʯ
İһ鲻٣Ӧֻ̻ύףָ߼ɫһºڰǿ߶ԣóǧʯҲɣɻʥζ˵
һֵǰ֮УЩڰߣϲѪܺҪŮΪĸ壬ŮԽòѪҲԽǴŵҲҵ˴ɫ
ǵ棬İףҲһʴ֣Աʼˡ
ɻʥŸһ̺Цǰ㹦򣡡
ϢԱ˸˻ظͬˣϹһֽһֽǮ
ȻɻʥЦݡ
˫ʼֽףͻźڰ֮Ԩǰǿߴȣǵһȣ壬ǵնǷɱûɻʥ
ʲô
ڰ֮Ԩʮǿһɵɱ
С
ɻʥ֣Ҳû뵽ϾȻʱ򣬲ƻ¡
ӥͻȻһɱֻһָ
ˣɿǼ֮УΪǿĴڣһӦ档
ϧˣ
һ۷ǿߣһɾˣɱһɣ
ۣ
ָһ㽣ǳԵɱţŴ̴һΣֱ׹档
ɻʥŸԸǣҺڰǳغ۸ɣɱǣɻʥǿ֪ǲ۸
ʮڰǳظ֣Ҳ۷ڣһϣɻʥź޺øС
ֵ֪ƭĸܣ
ѹɱն׹أʮֳ
ߣ
ɻּƲǱתӡ
һɽɱһڰƽɿٶƣ͵Ϯ֡
ҪΪ汨
һںɿǿһʩչǵؽ׼Ʒ꽣ɱκɡ
أ
δ֪һͨɣʵܴﵽ˸߶ȣ꽣ɳȥ
ϳЩڰǳǿߣΧУֹơȫɱȥ
桭
ûɸѹƣ¹ȥ
桢ţҲȥʣɿڰ죬Ҫɱˡ
ಣ
û뵽ŮͻȻһһȥ
⡭ɿ֣һ֮࣬ɱ꽣ɱˣûŰŮֺˡ
ϴ󣡡
˳棬Σ
Ǳ۷ǿߣȫһû˿£Ȼ֮Σ
һһ֮Уʲôʬ塣
ӻΪѪɫڲһƬѪ컯ΪС
ǿɥ˲οЦϴɲϴԼУ
СĬĬᣬűӸһСŮҲ֪û£ɲ죬緲ǰʩչɽǴǿҰˣҲˣ
ּѪ֮£ͻȻһϤżɸʬ壬ȻһͨɣʬѪ֮УһʼڻΪѪˮѪںϡû
ԼĪʮϢ
Ѫֹͣ״̬һڲγɣӳ˯״̬վΧѪͳͳ֮С
Ϊһѵ档
۷һɲġ
Ҳ뵽߶ɲ죬۷һ
Ǻε
ղһҺ޷һشǵزأм飬ϲ٣Ҳ޷Уֹͣвλϣ
濴ȥɫ԰ףΪǱϢʱʱ̱̿仯԰֮ɫһȥ
һɨȻ޷ɲһὫ컯ǽҲᳬԽɣ
¹ָѰɫҡҡͷû¾ͺãϧŮˣҰ뵽㣬ˣɿδɱ֣
ɿϷΣˣҡҸɱ


1608 ֮»
ɱǶԵģ˼ǰ壬౾ǵˣǾȥȻ޷ıһ㣬ȻǻıҲҵ֮أϣΪ֮
Ů
˾߰ɣԵˣǿ
Ŀһ֣ʮڰ֮ԨǿߣΧɱɻʥ֣һرڰ֮Ԩǿߣɱˣ
ߣ
һ߿գ
ֺ֮һ籬ը̫ˣ۷ֽ棬ܲΧǧ׷Χ顣
ɻʥǿߣʩչؽƷɽһɷɻɽںɱһȼս
ǳˣû뵽֮Կʮɹơ
˼ѣԽƼֲӣ³һȺ˷ɱ
ǲҪᣬɻҲǵˣץն˳ҲҪģ
Χͱһڰǳǿء
ͣԷʼԥ˹ͬˣɿ߶С
ںϽ֮Χ˽ں֮ͳͳ߶꽣
ǼϣĲȹ
סǸӥˣʱһֻ
ϰڣھȻ˶ԸԼѪ
ֲһĻˣڰǳЩ֣һˣǰ
ɵС󱬷һ̣꽣Ų㽣ˣƺƶ˲ɱ֡
꽣˫֮ǰЩն飬ƺ˫޷ֵ꽣
ȥ
ɻʥǿŵüæץɷһɷȥ
ǻɷɷڵ꽣ǰըԱը֮ƣҪ赲꽣ɱ
ǵ꽣ǿ𿪻棬ɷɱֽǰ¡һ
꽣ͽ飬ﵽؽ۷꽣ڳ֮УƷһɽɱ֮ƣ޷һ̣ŷըû
¹ΧȴţһݴСȷʩչΪ
Žںϣһ߶ȣԺҪں󽣾ĴһչֳȫҲ࿴
ĴﵥԸ۷ǿߣûʤ㣬ִ߶С󣬻ɱҲ⣬Կסͨ
ã
ڰ֮ԨǿҲкá
ۣ
ɻʥɻûһ֮£ȴѪģһ㷨Ҳ޷ͷš
˭ɱʥǿߣ
ۿɳΪɶԻɱ
û뵽һǧ֮ڿ̣ͻȻɢ
ڳÿһǿߣͷƤ飬ͨԪڲ
ɡ
ɻʥŽˣ
ڰ֮Ԩǿǣſ־֮ɫһɲǿʼһ
ҲٹɻʥŽɱǾҲǽɶ֣Ȼ桢֡
Ҳûԥɱߡ
ֻڰ֮Ԩǿ߽֡

ɿͻȻûٶȴﵽ¡
ֻһͬɱɺ󱳣ɺκм֮㱻ն
ɶ񡭡ɷŭɿ
Ϊ˱ǵ¾֪³ˣͷһɽâסɣɿæˡ

âմ
̤ɽӣһƳԭ֮ǰɳĮ֮гɡ
һˣҲȻ˳ֻЩ⣬û뵽ϣȻڡ
ٿɱɿƣ߲ѡ
һɻȻһ޽ɱʥ֮ˣǺڰ֮ԨеӣһȺϣ˵ذɣ
ſʳ
ֱ֮Ϊͨ
ǽ֮
ˣ
ڰ֮ԨʮǿǼɵ桢¹ǣȴ𺳣ںġ
һɾľͷηӦ໥һӣһͬͷԼɽ
桢¹Ҳ֪һ̣ɽ磬һսȫԸ
ͽλɣҲҺڰ֮ԨΧɱҺڰǳ
û뵽˺󷽣֮дһ䳰ﲻɻʥŵݲţ
ˣ
ʮڰ֮Ԩɣʱ㵸ת߿չ¡
һɣ
˰ٴ
ɣ
֮ǰɹַӣѾޱǿĴڣȻΪıͨˡ
Ϊǰ¹򡢿ͷĴڡ
½ǿߣ֣û뵽ɻʥɣҲ⾪
һ̾ʯ׹䣬һ㣬ƺڲһڴӡ
һȣȻʶһ֣֪ߣǾȥҪ֪ɻʥŶǿߣУԼҺڰ߽£ѵ֪ڻж½ǿͷ­ȻҺڰǳ𣿡
ߡ
ɻʥɽûһ˿¶ȣɫԽ԰
ߡ
桢¹ҲԾ֮ǿ߻֡


1609 ܾǿ
̫ǿˣϢȫɻʥ֮ϡ
ֻһɣǿҲı
Уɽԡ
ߣ
ڰ֮Ԩĳ˶֪ĵߣߣ
¹ڹЩż֮Уٹڵ߼¼
߾һҲΪԵһˡ
аǰرԭıɳһͷս죬һնɱͷͷ­
ʮǰɽɻʥһϽ棬죬ֻһ͹ȻԹƽʽǿĿ£ɻʥŴͷն¡
һս̫̫࣬ҫۡ
һιȻսʮǰɱһڰ֮Ԩţƺһϣһ죡
ʹУͽɻʥͬǿǿƺǴͷȡߣӶ߳Ϊı֮УʵΪǿһˡ
ֻкɷϢڣһ߰㣬ɻʥɣҪսҾսҪǣһ֣ط
ߡ
ɸԺһ
ȻѾˣ
Ǽϵţ̤ڰһʥ֮£ӥӺݺݵһ桢¹ɿһȺˡ
֮ˡ
Ǳߵģ
ͻȻһЦסɲ裬ǽոԵͷѵԺǵҺڰʱ
ݣ
ָһָͻȻѳɫ硣
˲̿նȥʧɷɶݷ
ǿ
Ե
İԵǿߣ
֡
桢¹̸Ц֮䣬ɱϵͨɽ磬һϿ֮ܳΪǿߵˡ
̫ǿˣ
ҵȶл˾֮ʮڰǳǿߣһͳͳֵ˹¡
ͳؽֵ̻ܣȻҪǰΣֻɻʥţںڰţ
糾أֿ桢¹ɿˣͣһɿСһ׽ܶԸɻʥɣʵڲףʵıǽɻʥŵΪУɻʥһὫΪе׷ɱ󣬲ҺڰǳأΪѰ¡
ǸԱ˼⣬ʾ桢¹ллˣܱ˿أԺںڰǳأдɽˣ
л꣬ҵˣĺΪң̫ܵƣ˺ڵɻʥҵȻʵãӮԶ㣬ǱΣ
ڰǳЩˣΪ桢¹ἤ£ԻǸм㡣
أ
վֱֻʾл⣬ܻ
̫ˣҲ׼еֶεɣܾһý룿
˸־Ҽ˵ÿ˶ԼԵԼ컯
汻˲棬˶ᶯŭ
ȴûˡ
ֶﵭЦҲͬ˵֮ɽкܶǿߡʵǿһ棬ʱҲһشԭгʣҲûԵʹԼ졢ݳΪǿߣȻ˶ԣκѡδ֪ģ˭Ҳܶ϶ǵδ
˴ηֵ⡣
ǶûһУ֮ǰҲǳˡ
ҴˣҼ߿̫ˣȻǲԸںڰǳأҲǽԵǺڰǳƣֻҪڰ֮ԨƲκηãҲûκΪǣ˭֮ϣ߶ƾҷǿ߸
˳Ծǣһ棬˲ץһɷƣ׸ˡ
ư
ڰǳʮ˿ֱˮ
ͳƣϲһƣڰ֮Ԩܶڰ֮һԾơ
Щڰǳ̻ˣһҲ޷õơ
ΪΣ
˵ɣͨҲ־ƣͨɣҲ޷õơ
ӵоƵˣҪôǾǿߣҪôżϵ
ǻٽ£ƣǿκκڰǳߣΪǣǿڰ
ڰǳظּæһߴټˡ
Ȼʢ飬ҵȾͲˣ
Ϣ֮
ŻȭͬʱһץС
һ̶ԣӾƴϢͬ꽣ǰ㣬ŵؽ۷ɱϢ
аԾһ֣һƣе꽣ƷʣֲúڰǳЩˣԾ֮͡
Ʊֵֵʯ
ҲɢȥɣԺɻʥףȻһб飬δݴ顣
һ仰תȥ
ƣ
桢СţæΧ
¹Ҳƣɫûģֻоŵƣһƻ䣬ʵһͼڣźڰǳǿľ


1610 ڰ֮Ԩ
Ʊʶ̫ߣһ۾ͲǣǺö
ߴˡ
ʮڰǳ̻֣֮ǰҲлˣȻһݺڰǳصͼȻȥ
ӵͼһΪڰ֮Ԩֻһǳأû뵽شӵͼϿڰ֮ԨǵǳءڰؿγɵһӴ
ƿ߿ճǡɳǻҪʮʵǵһռ䣬ǧ׵Ԩ֮С
ˣɽǺڰ֮Ԩž벻̫ԶȻǵɻʥɣǼɱɻʥɵӣһ׷ŹǣԾʹӺڰ֮Ԩȥɽڰ֮Ԩɽ˽˵ɽʲôڰ֮ԨӦûһʱϤ
һºڰ磬Ҳȥʶһ۸ӣȻΣգоƣ
¹˾ڰ֮Ԩ
ϴʬ尡ҿռָڣַˣɿǸɻʥʬ塣
·ֺ
ɳǣ
ӭɣ
һۡ⣡
ǰʱǰҪɱˣֱɡ
ֻۡͨߡ
һ߳ӭɣ븮ۡ󲻾ã԰ڣߴһλ֮ͤϵӡ
ҲһɻʥŵӴ硣
ʦ֣ɿȭ
ոմʥŵ֮УǶ˷׷ɱ֪һң
ӷ·϶ɻϷ붨ɵӸȥڰ֮ԨɽΧϢˣȴûб𣬷ңһͷˣǲǣ
ġ
ŵһ£æ֮ǰǰϸ
ɵеֶΣԶԸʥɵӣҲǸΪλڰǳؽףҵľѵ֪ǼһɱҼüӵܣ
ţǻֶ֣Ȼ䲻ƽӴϢʱڰջΪһƬâ
սսǻָһЩɱˣƱҩҲǼУʱץסǣرҩ׸ʦ֣Ͼʦ־Ͳһ֮ңҪ֮
УɱңҲɱߣܻģǼɣǾͱȥѰǣֻὫճΪˣʵص㻹ɽһһɽͥǿ߾ۼı˭һ֪ɻʥǾɽһȻκαɻʥŲӵУ
ǣ
˲ٴޡ
֣һһὫնɱһֱԣϧһ걦ҩñҩ֮Դ۷壬÷ٶȡ
Ҳ콫â𣬻ָ糣붨
ıѲɳ޾ޱߺػΪһƬƬС
ڰݷѰŴ֮Щʳ
ȻһƬɽȺʮɽǻɽÿһðź̻ǰǡ
ֻһɽȴвʿڻɽΧѲߣɣûһɡɣ
Ϊɽͨڰ֮Ԩһ֮һõڰ֮Ԩɳǿߣص㿴ء
öɻнϢյͼǰʮڰ֮Ԩ֮ͨһ
һСһоǰ꣡
ŵͼڰ֮Ԩأҵһͨ
Ӻ֮ɽǰʱĿ⣬ҲаˣɫɫɳǽȻͬ
ܿ˹ѯʣǷǳأǼ鼸ǲɻʥŵӣԭڰ֮Ԩǽ½κӽ롣
ÿҪٿʯ۸񻹲ˣֻҪȥԨκκڰٲȡκηá
ɽǰû뵽һʯףɽֱɽڲʯͨʯ죬ͨΧȴǶʯһЩգûɽͨڲƻԻ͡
̾ΪֹȻͨǾĴɡ
½ͨǹƾ磬ֱӾͿٷȥֻмòС
¹С𽥷΢΢ȵϡһЩһնĵˡ
ŽݴӻɽײɳΧѲߣ׾ڰա
ٿ磬طȻγɣҲΪۼȺɽҲк࣬һЩɽ֮жҲʯݡȽ
һЩɽۣ֮СͳϡܼһЩ¥洦ܼһЩʯһͨ
ЩʯаűʯɵıնУֻܲлѡ
֪ЩҲǿۣҲµȰˣвܳΪǿߣֻͶһЩΪҶ׬Ǯ۸һʯ𲽣ȥԶ۸Ȼߡ
ڵ´ǳأ߲շУʵҲԣоƣóա
ֻҡУ鷳


1611 ̫潣ŵ
ѰһͷӰˣһʯż˽˵
ڱϣվɶߣҲͨѵģܱܣҲܲʶܵӰ죬˻ܵͷ
·;֮оɼһЩйʱʱ֣ҲնöĽ
ҲϢһЩˮ֣ǿɲҳˣܵǳǿɱ
˸һЩһͨСǳأһ̫ˣҲеɡɡ
ͼ˴඼Ǻڰ֮Ԩԭס񣬻Ǵ½ץ½أ֮ǰǱɻʥ̻ᣬҲΪū
ܶŮӡ˷̻ſڽĥ·˴ֶš
ںڰ֮ԨżɽϢѰһϿľ¥һ١
ӹż˲˽ڰ֮Ԩ
ԭڰ֮ԨֻǶԵ³ǳأһųƺˣͬͥҲֹıһڰ֮ԨͥҲвٺڰ֮Ԩ
ڰ֮Ԩ·ֳΪڰ磬塢ˡħаǳӣÿһڰ֮ԨôһЩڰߣ
кڰƿأڰ߶Եһ磬ΪʵۣɱȨÿһڰʵޱǿ󣬱ȵɽ½Щ䡣
еĺڰߣʵɻʥִɵһ֡
ߣ
ֵ֮õƣͶԾ߷ǳȤ
ı⴦ڰ֮Ԩڰ֮Уһأ֪Ĵ
һ֮дССϰٴιȻǿɱ¼ܶʮϵǿ߶֤Ǻεǿ
ԣھڰŲɾǿߣնɱǿͷ­
һڰ֮ԨʮڰߣвǿߣȻ½ظΣա
ƣ氵һ
оƣҲȷ粻ܵв
ɽ
¹һ鿴ɽϹ壬ģǨƣףһ㶼д١ѽ֮ǰԤʾ
˶ԣǱ֮ǰףҲһ㱦øַ԰Ǳ뿪
ɻʥλȫɳ´ǿߣǰɽȡɱɡ淢ɻʥһЩ
㿴
ʳ¥忪Ҳ½ɳЩ¥𲻴Ψһûɳǰ
¹ͻȻһʾ濴ſڡ
ڴԴȣûע⣬¹ʮ˽һǻۼû֮Ϣ֮УĿ΢΢ͷһֽ⣡
Ȼǽߣ
˺׷֣ΪϢǰԵ˷ǳϢ
ʮ˼ϢֻҪвΧһܲǽݡ
̫潣Űɣ¹֨
ˣ̫潣һȺӣһ˫񣬱һ𽣷硭
¹Ҳע𽣷磺˾ǵʱҪɱǸ̫潣ŵӣҲǸ߽λɣмɣ˶ǽɣ̫潣ɵӴ죬ȻҲΪɽ
ǰѿɹһŮӣ̫潣ų𽣷һˡ
òɽͥɹ̫潣ŸŶʮ·ˡ
ͥ󲿷ᰵ
ɽĿǰûиදʳ¥Ϣ£ʬʱʱɿȥ̻ᣬɽ
ӡڣ¹ÿ˸һңߣΧвʯɷΪʯΪʯɼ
걦ҩ
˲Ƥ«ռ䣡
֮һƯ鵤ɲݡɹɺ֮Щ
һһͷŰžɫҩǰ
Ϊ걦ҩǵɻʥɣ
˾һ̤ܰɣ̤ɾҩ
Ҳһ˸ˣɿòϣ¡һ˷һ֣ѪƳⵤҩ֮ܰ硢ʵ
ǶԣҩЧԣǼ۷壬ҩ֮Ѫһʱ̤ɣ
Ҫҩȥ
ˣ
ͨҲˣ
űҩâſˮܸܲһ㣿ˣҪһ㣬ҾϱҩҺȻɾһٳ̽Ѫħϣ仯Σ
Ȼû⣡
Ǹͨ
󷽴ӦһҩиСģԼ¹
ˣҪ̫ҩҲֲͨ
桢ţͬҩԽǿԽ
ֽҩƬɾںϣΪһѪͨҪҰֱӿڣҪϣɱѣ
лˣбҩԼɾϽѪħ컯һԣ
ͨ˲˷ܶȥ


1612 ˲α
ֽҩѪںϣ桢ţɡ
ţһŸ˰¹һԼ£ñҩ֮黯Ͼǻɣ컹ԶһЧҲ̫ԡ
º󣬼˾ͳˣ
ǰӦýڰ֮Ԩһ³ǳأΪǡֵºڰߡнߡƿأ
Ǽº
ѡУ;ٵԨ¡ؾ
ڿǽڰ֮Ԩһڰؽ硣
ǣ
ıнƿأɲнƿء
߸һЩȺһͷźҹǿհĵ³ǳسˡ
ԶԶȥǳɺüСɣ彣Σһڵɽľ޽
нһߣһаʿǾаؽ磬Ҫģ
ǳԽԽ氵ѼСġ
û뵽ǰŶӽǳ˻١
ڳϷ߸߹ųǧͷ­󲿷ͷ­ѳͷЩѪܵġ
Χۣ˵֪ЩǽǿնɱЩ޿չصǿߣȻϷЩͷ­Լʮսнʧܵǿͷ­űӡ
ÿһǿͷ¼Ųнնɱͷľ
Ȼǳغ󲻾ã𺳵ĳ桢¹ıͿһ㡣
һɲٺڼǿأʯһ̳Ȼһâҫۣ͸㣬ǣϹһ红ͯһʵԿͯë
˲
˹Ҳǵһμ
˲
桢¹桢ţȻҲǵһμ֣ɽĴڡ
Ψɿ˾ռߣ
ԼɣһŴɴñʯʯɵķ̳֮УϢƮ㣬뱦ҩмơ
Լǧ˲ιÿһСչ֦Ҷһ㣬˵ʵЩ֦ҶҲޱȷʢïܣҲ͸ųʯְ
ÿһʵǾӨ͸ʵӤƤϣɼһ磬溢ǻһֻ
ߴЩʵѾ죬඼ǹʵȿΧһЩʵԴڣʵڲӤں״̬
桢¹о˲ʲôһħͯһδκ
¹ͫɪɪ̫׳ˣ̾Ϊֹ˲棬Ҳ̫ѪȣЩɶӤɹʵ
ȴû˵
̳ǺܴĥʯϷ˲
һ̴ǻıһаֲսнʧܣһвƸԴڲнġ
н߽ŴֲǣҲǽǸÿʮ꣬ҪøҺȥ࣬Ҫ´ͯͯŮ˲ʱý뻨ںһӤ֮
ÿǧ꿪ÿǧһǧ˲ιҪʯǧ˲ιҪʯܹ
Ȼи߼˲ιǽǵǿߣ˲ι١
һ˲һҡǮ׬ȡٲƸ
ǾͷֶΡһʱ˲津ǳ󣬲˼ʶҲ֪ɽкεȵ̡
˲ԶһҴ̻ᣬǽ̻ᣬӦǲнƿء
һܶ˶ѡ˲ιǧ˲ιԵɡɡɰ̫ˣһ˲ιõɳΪɣǧ˲ιɳΪɡ
˲ιǿͨǧ˲ιʮһţ㹻̤ɣ
¥㣬ȻǱ˲ι
ֻǬɳǡƿ߿ճǡɳǲܼֹֹʵ
˲ιϣо֮ǰõ걦ҩϱ
˲ιΪף
Ϊ˲ι˲ʵǣд󲿷ֶ̻ӸаħﹺģǴֲ٣
Ϊ˲ιǾ֮
㣬ʮ˲ι
ȼˣöٽǿ빺򣬵ǽǿ߹ʮ˲ιҲòǮ˲ιҲûɴ뱲ӻ
ˣ˹ʮ˲ιȻǴбǶĽ̰ȴҲ
˲ι½ɳǼƷɲеġ𵤡
ǽһɣڽ˲أǽ䣬ĳЩ˽ɿƶǣӶڳġ
һŽ԰һɣ̤ɣҲ˽ɣýˡ
ȻֶҲС
滹ǵһμֻнɣ֮вĽ𵤡
𵤾ӡĽᾧ۴Се۷ǳΪ𵤴󲿷ֶɵɡ
ǵ۵Ҫԡ
ɿԽ𵤺棬нܣˣЩ𵤿óʵܱܲף󲿷ֽŽ䣬޷˲䣬𵤾ʿ飬ܽ𵤱ȻһЩⷨǿߣԽ𵤲Ų࣬Ҳǳ󣡡


1613 
ԭһ㣡
¹뿪ֶɿϧûǮǮһŽ𵤣ɣ
ɿܼûǮԺ׬Ǯͳˣ˲ι𣬻ǿֵͼ˲ιдͨˡ֮оʵҲ˲ιʱʱ̿ɣһɣ
ʲôҩСͷ­֮С
㾪С
Χһһ̨ڣһ
ͷһâƾһӡ
ûкѪȻϢͷ­˿һںһѪɫҩ
̫ˣ
Ψɿδݣħħ֮һġħС֮ħַƶɣɽͨ鵤һšħֵҩҲǳǿЩǿ߾ͷܵشв˳˲ιħҩɣָĪôָϺħ

˳ĬУ
һҲǿõսľ
ܶ඼ǷǳѪȣƳĪô
ʬкҺݣкüŲʯʱһ̨֮Уһʬ塣
ʬǸ꣬ʮӣֻһɳȥ˯һ㣬ʵоԪϢ
¹Ǻ棬ʬҲΧۣ֪ʲôġ
ɿеⶦҲ¯ת塢ⶦһ֮ǿתⶦ۸ǳ߰󲿷ֽɶҲѪȣʣǿ߷֣նɱ֮ĨȥʶУΪˣٸ߽̻ᣬֶ̻αⶦóۡ
ⶦ
һο۽磬ڷҲ֪תôһ˵ͨת
û뵽ΪתҪɱˣⶦת
ɿֵɽټ󣬺ܶӵвơѪеĴɺᣬһӵдǿѪ˾ͻᱻܶ˵ɱ֮ⶦⶦֻԼǿӵУΪ󲿷ֽ޷ԦתֻгЩͷõ¯
ͨа취㾡ӵ壬ⶦʾֻҪҵһʬ壬ʩչѪħ֮壬ںϣһ壡Ȼͷһɺռ䡣
лˣ
ͨò޳
һɣδԽɣϧΪ֮ôΪˣٴ̤֮á
ּһЩСŮӱ̻ᶵۣ˲ιħⶦЩ۸̫죬ܶаħǿȥô
ЩӡŮ˺ܱңϧҲûܾǣܾһˣҲȲˡ
̻˴죬ʶ½سǳؼ󣬼˲Ų뿪̻ᡣ
Ƿǳ󣬽̻Ŀ¥ʳ¥Ҳǳ࣬ǼԺ˴඼ҵӡ
ÿ
ֵ֮У
Ȼʮڼǿߣֳָɱǰ
ýǽżǰʲôͻ飡
иŮˣɱˣ
һŮ˵ɱˣ˼ȥ
˶ЩڼˣΪǽǽ˭Ҳǡ
֮󣬲Ҳٸȥ
桢¹Ҳǳ棬һŮ˸ҵɱˣ
Ҳӿȥֵ㴦˷˾ۼϣһʬ׷룬ðѪ
һӹ£ǰˣһŮӣһӲϡ
ڵѪƺһȥ˲ͷء

һ룡
¹ǰŮӣһ⡢Ծ
ԭƿ߿ճǼǸŮӡɿҲŮò
֮ǰ棬û뵽֮ڰ֮ԨԵ¹̾
¹üŵģ鷳ˡ
ȿ⽣ǹȻɱˣȷ£Ůһ󲻿ԣҲи֡ð¹Īż
֪ҽɱˣҪ̣ܵһŮˣɷҲˡ㣡
һڼ׽Ⱥʮɣһʮˣǿߣǽɡ
һ׻һˣ°èצӷǳ׶޷
ڴ˺£һںڼ׽߹ŮԼΧ룬˶̤һ
ǣϱߣֻȻŮƺδǿ˵ʲôһ㣬΢΢һӲҳѪڡ
ץסݣΧڼ׽ߺǽˣ
޽ĮȻȷ½ɱˣ͵еΣأӽ£ݲȷ
˸ᱡߣ³ˣ߹ŮʾԱǾʬ壬ûзɱ˼
Ա߽ɣ΢΢Ծû뵽һŮӣȽͳڣִɱˣ³Ҫ֮ǰɱˣǿץȥ˵һʱΪͷ˲£ɱˣ˶뿪ǣԶΪū


1614 
ɱɱˣĶűͻˣ֪УҲΪһ㣬ɲ裬Ҳǽɣǣɱ˴ˣ
߹ŮɱΪӢͬһѹǰֻܹš
޷ɼŮжྪˣ
߽£ݲˣ׼ѹˣһ̣ǿЩﻢ¡
ô꣬Ҳǵһɱ˲գֲۣɵɷ
ڽͷƣһǰס
һã
˫֮ʣȺ֮߳
ܶͳͳȥʲô˸ʱ
ǡ
߹ŮҲźһƳ桢¹Ծ¶Цݡ
ЦŮģȴȶݵ񲻽׷С
ִ޸˵һɽֹ룡һڼ׽һ𣬲籼桢¹
漱æ׽񣺡λˣ²ҵģֻлλ˵
ʱ򣬸ˣȻ򵥣ͬˡ
ڰ¹ǰҲ
ʬԱߣҲվ߹Ů롣
߹Ů΢Ц֪ʲôʱʧֳΪ֮ǰǸĮĪȣ߰ɣ
¹񣺡ۣﻰҿ㻹һк˵Ͼ߳ǳأ
ǺˣǹܲˣŮӿȥΪ¹仰ָһЩɱ١
С㣬ЩϽ֣壬ɱǣǲѣһҪããڰ֮Ԩ׷ɱǣҲף
ڴ˿̣߹ŮӺˣһ˹Ů˵
߹Ůְע桢¹н֮߳ãһ׶ԸˣҲа취ǿǣ
˺ܻɣɰˣûƿ߿ճҲֻͨ˰ˣ
Ҳջأ߹Ůʾ˲ٶԡ
ˣ
һɽȥɿɣδֹ
޽ɭףл˵
˫дϾҲǿˣܵɧţһЩٶҲ⣬λ⽣ִÿ춼£˾ռߣ
ѹߣΧ˼˵ʲôλæˣΪЩС´󶯸λֵβһֻ۱һֻۣСĵһ׼⣡
ǽ̰ͼС֮
Ա߽¶ЦΪҪ˵ʲô뿪Ȼһץȥ
λ˺ú룬ڽĿŵɱˣŽ˻֮ͨãýǵǸ߲㶯ŭλӹҲùЦЦ֮ǰΪΨΨŵŵȻͬ
вǣǸɱ˫ͫǽǣǿͳ졣
вǸǣ˵һɣͨҲܿŮӴĸ˶ǽɣǼ֡ͨˡ𣿡
˵΢΢̯ģһС°ˣαؽ·Ŵ󣬵ʱ޷ƣλǴˡ
ĳһơ
ţ
ε
ǰһ̼ΪҪ͵Ϯʼû뵽һơ
ټ֮΢΢һ
潫պãȭֻǹ·ˣŴˣһ׼ϣ
˽ףԭǾˣС㣬ǽǣݲǾ֣
ЦǺǵСһ׮ֻǾĪŴˣ
͸һӣ˿һԱɡ
ɽΧףбȻ˵ʲôмȥʬ壬˽߹Ůӽǿдߡ
ܿɿڰֽһöɽ
ɢˣʼΧˣֻڼϢɢȥ
С㣬㶨ˣ
Ĵ¹ǰ¹ס
˼Сãǵҵڶμ棬ֱһ˵ʲô߹ŮӴ԰¹òѣ̶ּ
¹Ҳ˸ˣû־ǧĮϴνǣܰﵽ㣬ҲܸˣһǴͷòǰСæСҲữ⣡
ҸطúӴ³ǳ˼
߹ŮǿŰ¹˻Ϊá
ĴжԷں󷽸ȥ
һҾ¥˾Աһ¹߹Ů˶һδĸͣ
ùǳԺúȺãҲд߹ŮͬĴɣ˿ˣʵǾɱѪսһϢǳƽȣ֮ûиӹâƽˮ
ֽɿΪѾǳˡ
ãˣھͻƽݣԺ㣬Сã
˷׷׿Ů
߹Ů¹Ӱƣʹһ̿ʼ˾ʽݳΪˡ


1615 ɻ
¹ҲδҲûжʣŰ¹߼߹ŮӣҲôŮ䣬ʵһ֮ˣ԰¹δа
ð¹Űиڸ߹ŮһЩ
ɻˣ
ҲǴͥ磬ʮıĿľȻһȥɽ
ֻɻûо˵ķֻǵɽ֮ýҪŰ¹ȥͣʱһ֪
¹ȻҲɻˣĿҲɽͼ˫̹ϣֲü治ʹûȣݳսá
ҹ˾ھ¥Ϣ
һһ䷿۸ܹ󣬵ɻͣһͲǲǮ
ӣǲһŮ𣿵ʱҲǰŮߣˣ
¹ɻͬһ
ͬʱҲ죬ԶȱƵġ
ɻʥţû뵽һ֮ΣղϣɻʥſͥһͥÿʲôʡᣬɻʥŶμӣǾɻʥɣԺڻıһҪģͬԵûʧֲǸˣɻìܣ
¹˵һ·ϾɻҲһֱ겻ɵʳһ¹ûشĻ
ɻ˺ʵǸˣʲô㲻͹ϵѣ£
棡
ֿԵһʱش
¹һѿǷߣһ㲻ܾɻ˵
ʲôϵ¹ûش
ԥԥӣһй£ٴҹӣԼţ˶бģûбţԸ϶ЩԸѳɴǸ棬ҼŬʲô߰һˣ
ɻ˴ϻ˲װ¹пѿԭ򣺡ҰӹȻֻ죬һ䣬Լĳ޷Ҫ֪ĿǰΪκɶһۿ޷ԼЩС֣
ʱ죬ˣȻ̹棬ԭ£Щڻ棡һǸ⣬¹
ÿ˶ܣңҾȷɿΣһɾȻ½ɣȻֻͣҪôбȻɷУһԭжԸֶΣͰˣһˣ⣬ǿһģ
Ů֮ҴδǹҲûУһ·Ͼ̫꣬ȳΪһ죬ܷɣ
̸ǺúϢһʱ䣬һȥɽǲͼǵĻһҪ취õͼǿ˶õı
ɻ˲׷˵ȥ
¹ƻһȥɽǰ潻Ȼнͬ·Ҳ޳һͬС
ǲͼнȻ֮ѡ
ͼʱдɣȻбȽɸĴɵᱦǼҪõͼ̫翡
һо͵벻ջ
ڷУǿ۷壬Ѿͻһݸо
Һɻ˻ҪڽǣһЩƷ
¹üɻ˳ȥҲȥɽ֮ǰͻһ磬һ죡
ҲԵõԴһһںɱ
߳
º
ͻˣ
ͻ죬ڷ䱻ɿͷ󷨷ӡͻƣʳ¥𵴡
϶飬ѪѪɱ䣬ȫѪҲ顣
ڳѪһš
¹ҲͻƣҲ֮С
ô鵤ɾ԰¹ƷõԵвɽ繦УȻܱ漸൱ͻٶȡ
ɻ;л֪¹ͻƣδȥţһΪ
ֱºڴ죬Ҳɸ߽λ硣
ɻ׼һЩƷ鵤Լüϴ¹ҲȻɡ
һʱȥȻܾЩѰò󣬷ָĴ
ҪҰæ֮䣬˵Щ
ҹ۽ڶô֣ȻŲڼ
Ȼ¹¹Ծ
ϣɻ˰
á
¹ӦˣҲ棬ɻԸæ
ɻˣΪţ͸оɼ̫ݳˣʮϡ
¹һݣɻ˲δ㷢
ʱƽʱǰţһŮ
һ˫ü۲ת¾˵ܰģһ
񣺡λѣǿ߾綾ҩɽ־綾ֻһ˿Ԫʵ޷תǰͷӣϣҿ


1616 Ҳû취
û⣬ֻҪǽжжӦö԰㣬ֻǲܰⶾֻܸ㽨飬Ҳǽⶾ֣»ָŮӸɻȻ
㹻ˣ
һǰ¹Ҳܺ档
ɻŪ㷢治ڰ㣬ǹ뷿ױһ˽ôŮˣҪôӲڣҪôͳӡ
˲֮ɺ΢΢
˫һ֣ͷųһâơ
ٴɻףϣӿĪҪݣ
Ī˲ɣһ仰ɻ΢Ц֮еֿһ۰¹
ˣ
â֮нһ߸ʬ
һ߷·𱻻յýڣƤûˣѪҲˣһЩɰͰƤŽڸʬΨͷһӡ
ڸʬޱȳªͷһɶ·͸ʬ
һ߳ªʬϡóʬһŮӡ
ӦһλɰɣһŮӣȻõģӦòɾ綾κβң
ɻ˵ŽڸʬûŮӸֽǾ㤡
ɻͼֳ棬ƽ͡
ͷһâ¹һͬ£һɹɽ綾ʬ
ȴʮϢ֮ɻš̩Ȼɫʼݣܿ¶𺳣ͷŸԪʬڲ
ַԽԽ죬ͻȻһץһԪʬסͫĿⲻƽİش档
㡭¹ѡ
ɻСɻؿ棺ʬģ
ѣ¶Ϊֻǰ綾ڼϢ֮䶾ɱֻܱһ˿˿Ԫ񣡡ûش⡣
Ǵˣɻ˻ʻλ㲻֪𣿡
ⲻҪʲôҪֻ֪κδۣҲҪת
㲻˵ΪҲ֪һɣ֪ɽζʲôɶǣǴڷ֮УǷʿҲ˵һˣɽ֮еķˣ֪˵ʲô˼
ɣ
ߣǰɣµĲһλߣԷ֮У֮Щڷ磬еķߣǲǣ
ɻһ׷ʣҲͷţѹǰ¹Խѡ
Ȼѡرܣӣֻ֪ĿǰзӰת
㡭¹Ҳ֮лɻһ£
ˣ
Ȼɻ˴ʬ忴̫ܣ˺䶯
ٴδʬ壬üͷ綾ǿԸ߽λΪǲѾϢѾֻһֻһⶦԪⶦԶ᷽ʽУ
ҲҪɽ԰
ɻһѰ취ѻ٣ûһ˿޷
Ҳа취ϣɻϡ
롭
һ̣ڿռһ̣桢¹ڵɻ˻ش
úɻ˲Ž棺ʵа취ģ˵һ𣬻һ˿Ԫ񣬷ҪҪһĪתҲûתξʥľ괺Щ֮ںϣתطʬ帴
תطʥ
û뵽а취
ֻĿ壬´ʬ壬ϹӣΪ³
˵һΣ뵽һΣʹ絶ʡ
Ҳ޷ѡⶦⷽãɻ˴̬óһ̣·һУԣֲʬҪ
л
ֽâģȭлĬĬ¡
Ҳûзӣ
ĬĬͬûлǣҲ֪λص䡣
ɡΣһҪǿ󣬲ݶתɻ˻֪ЩΣ
ûжг־һԽɡɡɳΪϴɡ
ӣղһ½ɣ֪ζһ߰
ڣ
нɴӡֱ뿪ɻ˲п¹
ߣ
㣬Щڲø˵ٻһɣֻܻش㣬ʬȷһߡ
ܣߣһˣǺüˣ⴫ȥķ߶ᾪ
ɹһ㣬ϵ¹˴Ƕġ
кöܣаɣԺ˵ɣҲ²Ǹ棬Ҳһߡ
ɼʶͨģɻ˴ϻ۵ˣȻϹʬ뵽档
һº
뿪ǣһ·϶ɻ˳Ǯ½ɰ£Ӳð¹
ʵˣٺڰھҲǳڽѶԵ˽࣬ҲûҪȥһ˾ɻֱɽ


1617 ɽ
ҴҼ󣬵뿪ڰ֮Ԩʼɽ̣ɽɽ
ɽһԶż䲻أͥҲ֪Ĵڡ
ҪأΪߣҲޱ߹ϴ֣еֺԼǧɣֱ
ҲԽϡһ·ʬ壬Ѫиɣһ·ʵҲڲ
С㣬ӦǺɽͼڣ
һǰ̽·ܿ۷
쿴ǰһ·֮ϣһ̳̳ϿտҲֻһƮǺһɫӡǣΧϢҲǳ䣬ԶЩɽɼѩ
ɻ˿¹ɽͥǳʵɻʥҲǶ֣ͥÿжϵǿֺɽյءԨ֮£γɴССܶڰҷɽҪԺɽ´ɽܣ˭̤ɽһֻ·һһЩαװԺΪ
󣬸׼һһǺ£Ǻۣ
һоһǿ߼ǰ̽·˽֣ԴΪڻ
ʱʱЩޣǷӹǴҲһɹͷš
ȻҲһЩʿɡɣ˫Ӧ˴ˣԻš
ʲô
֪ǧ
һŴǳ֣һСɽƯ׸߿֮ϡ
Ƚǿ˲٣һЩ˺˲ʧ
ԭһŹʬΧҲ׹ǣһЩʬ֦ҶϣһЩ䲻õʬ壬ڴ֮¡
Ŀʿʬ壬ЩɶѰ׹ǡ
ɻ̾ϢǺɽɱǿߣǸ֪࣬ɽ䲻ۣ̤߾³Ϊ֮УһЩϷҩҲв٣廹ֲ֪ҩԺܶǿðսȡɹ٣඼ΪЩ׹һ֣ʬҲв٣
¹ףȻʱʱ̶̿Σգ
У壬ñǺӺڰԨ֮УЩȺɽ仹Ҫǿǧ򱶣һͥҲҵ̤ЩǺԨʱգɻ˵꣬ٴǰС
·ղǿʬǴһֽߣһޱȼžûһϢ
Ȼڼ˾ûΣʱȻԶףһŴʼӴ֮ƶ
ִǿŴ֮гִɫɫˣڰѰʲôһֶ֮С
˰ɣǾǺɽǿߣıʱʱ̿أɱ͵ϮҲ޷мܣҪȥɽֻѡӺɽΧƹɵǣɽ̫Сʬ塯ҲСѩħ֡
ɻǴͼ֮󣬲¹˵ʬ壬ֲ壬аϢ֮أǾ綾ǿַǳ£ǻѡҲѩħ֣Ȼв١֡ԼûкʬǰΣգ
С㣬պʮԼϢҲѩħ֣̽·ֻˡ
¹ܿ˾Ҳѩħֽɽ㣬ȫǶģ
֮ǰڽǲ̻ᣬһЩɽȫͨһЩ˿ٳģ˶ǴЩŵɽɻͼٽһһСƿɽ䡣
ɽ伸ռ֮ͥһɽҲںɽأҲֱӴӺɱԽ
ֻѡӺʬ塢ѩħǱ롣
ԼĪº󣬴ؽѩҲðװһƬ
̤Ҳζţʽѩħ֡
ŮװӶҪӢ
㶺أҿ⸱жӶȥӢ
˽һƬѩǵֺ
ѩֹȻҵһЩǣ˵һᣬ¹ɻһжװ磬˰졣
˱òɫвʣָŮװ֮ȫΪģ
һ;оܱܶ鷳
ŹһЩʯǣȻֱѩһûбŵɼ˴ۼ
û߶þͷһˣڵϣȫǺҲûãϻܼڸʴѪ⡣
ֵǮҲͱȡߣһѩ¹ŵ;ٰ׹ǣɽѰ
ڰ֮Уʱʱлѩ׹䣬һӰǰС㣬ǰһߣϰϢҲв٣󲿷ֶɣ
ŵкüϢݵ㣬̽ʱϢ֮أҲ̫ģ̻ṩϢﻹ⣬Ȼɱ¾ҲУǲҪǣ
ɻһζ
һʮһԼĪʱȻһڱֺ֮£ɽ֮ɽȡ
ɽȶǱѩǣҲһߣ֮ǰһʯѨһӦ΢΢ͷŹâ绹мڶء


1618 ѩħ
֮ǷǳӭߣЩǸ̻֣ðΪðṩ
мĶش󣬿ռ㣬нˣи̻ʮˣ˶ɫɫðˡ
̻ѯʼҪЩʲôҲṩΧκ鱨¶ȵȣ۸Ⱥڰǳ̻Ҫ󼸱
ҲѰģԺ˵ٶǶģҲһС
ûɡɣɣ
ȻмɣźüɽΣոء
Ҳ˺ˡ
ܶ˶ԽԾнɴɽѩħ֣Ҳ̫ˣ
Ϣ죬½½Ҳ˼
¹Ȼɻ˴·ڼܿ쾭ڶʱݵ㡣
𽥽ѩħ

ǰȻһЩˣ۷ƺǰʲô鷢
С㣡
һֱ̽·ɻˣмǰ͵ϮˣжʮУһֶָԸ֣ŵֻֻҲ뿪ŵѩħֽɽ
ͷԷɣЩ֪ѩħֻöԸЩѩѲһȥԸ֣ǲ֣Ҳк߶ֳ֣
ɻӢˬ񽫾һȣͷֺѩŵ
Сɻűŵնȥغ콫˲䶳ᡣ
ݣ
Լǰ
ּһЩǹŵֺ˸ʱʱһЩըѣΧѩ
һӰһζӴ
Եʮˣ߶ɽԸû뵽Щ֦Ҷеؽ׷ɽӲȣ뽣潻档
һЩΪޱʱʱ֮кɨһܽ˷飬ǽɱ֡
һ˻ǽɣмرɣԸִ󲿷ֹƣɱǳۣһɽ̫࣬ܽն֦Ҷ䡣
ЩҶͨɽӲȣһƬƬ粻ٽɱɡ
ֺڣ𶣶𵴡
̫ˡﰵԾǶôǿ
û뵽Ҳ۾ʱʱһֻ۾֣Ϊ˹Ŀ꣬ʱʧͬط֡
ħֶнɸ߽λʵСԸ֣עֹܼϳˣҵȻɱͨһ뿪ɻһ仰
ݼüʹĴɳɽһâɱȥ
еæ
˼ѣ
ҼƲһĪȥӲӲ
ȻŮ˶ȥʱȥǾͲ
һȥɿ桢ţ׼ʩչС¹ץͨɽٶȸһЩ
ݣ
ֻмףһ˲̧ͷ˲й
ָԼʮɣ𵴣ʱʱͷһϣܼ˹ƤƤ˹ġ
ɼɱ˶ˣ
߶ʮһ¹֣ɱɽƬҶ
ҶҶҲ𵴣˱۰΢΢ᣬû뵽Ҷ˼̡
žžžž
ĴʩչС󣬼Ԧ籩һɽ뽣ǿɱǰһЩ֦ҶվҲ˼Ԧ֦֮Ҷ
Ҫ֪Щ֦ͨҶɶɸ߽λĴԦСӦҲ̫
桢¹Ҳ֮ɱ֮£ҶʱʱƮɱһЩ֦Ҷ͵Ϯ
ΧһЩɶԸΧɿ⣬˼Ը֡
С㣬ǼʵΪ߳һأֻҪǲͲΣգǿɱڣ֡ǿǲľϵñ
һǰ
Ҷâɱ̻ΪУΧ֦Ҷն
һ˸ɻ˻㱨
ƳһԶ¹Ҽӵȷӵʵٻһ֣Ҳһ뿪˴
ɱ
ĴҲͬʱͷŽơ
ɻںϣһɲɢκ֦Ҷɫ׷һΪ촷ۡ
ǿƣΧ˶Ǵһ
Ůӣǿ󣬱ͲˣһҪץȥȸ棡
û뵽ǰǿ֣һʺ۾
۾˵
ѩħնɱˣǣ㻹ծʱ򡭡ɻָһ
ΧĴɻҲͷһӡǣû뵽ɻУһһɶ೤泤ޡ
߳߳
泤޳һ飡
ǰǸ߿գȻһƬ׶೤ջ泤ޡ
꣡
޲ַ֣ɻյֿʼ
ǿ
һĻڳˡ
ɻҲ̫ǿˣδʩչʵֻĴһƣúϻ֮Ĳ࣡
桢¹Ҳǻ𺳣æȥ


1619 ħ
ͿɻĴɣʩչϻ֮Ӷл泤ޣ־ͱһ׳泤ޣöҡΣɻնյ޷ͷš
ž
һ֦ͻϮ¹
淴ӦʱʩչȭҲǹѧ߶ɽھΪһһЩӿ
ջΪһ̤һȭ֦֦֮
л
¹һں֣ɵʱʱ̿͵Ϯ
ҲѡֶԸ֣Ϊ߶Ӵϵһɽʩչϵͨ
ڷѪںϣм󹦷޳ɲɱΪɲ
̤˸߶ȣȻѪں϶ɵĻϵҲﵽ˸߶ȣ
һɷսΧγɣں桢¹սһƬսӣΧһ齫Ҷա
û뵽ϵ˺ˣɽҶ˲ٻֻа¹ܸо潣ôԵ
ȻųԾû뵽ϵͨҲ졣
ֿ»棬ɻ˻ˣɱɻԸ֡
Ϊֻðգ빥ԽƽΧҲһЩɡ
淢ܶɶΪ
ɿӲԶ籩֮дֳڱ

Щԡ
飬ҲоǳɾҪһ㣬Ҫγһ֮Ϊǿһڣû˱־ʧȥ
Ǻö
ǿɲκֶбֻдﵽɼ֣῰Ӳȵıһ۸ȴ󲿷ͨˣҲľϵɷ󣬻ǵΧʮκֲڶ̶ʱӵаӶ׳ɳ
ɿʲô֪Щ˵⡣
˺öҲõ
ϧԽǿ֣Ҷ֦Ӳȸˣȫﵽɸ߽λΧһЩɶǰһֻнɿɱС
ء
ҲһͻȻֲҽС
˿ȥֱɻ𳤱޲ϳ
֮һâӰɱһڲɽֻԼһâַ·ûֻŭ
һͣһɶ೤â·ҲҺ壬һɳ׸ɻˡ

ɻ˰дӣٴ˹޷ֶãǿһһ
ߣ
õϢɲ붺ϾǼ˶Ը̫ǿΧԣȴв֡
ȥ
˻֮ɿ󿪵
ʮϢڼɻˣ뼸û泤ޣϳҷ･һһ˹ŵ
ȥһҵնɱһնɱſܳ룡ɻ˻סǿӣð¹ߡ
ǽɣõģð¹
㣬ǻ㣡
¹ԸܾǿҲӲ˱ջǽݺ⣬ڻ泤޹·ߡ

ɻ˹ڻκ֦Ҷ棬ữΪҽ
˴Ҳ࣬󷽹ŵҲ׷ȥ
ȥһʱݵ㣬¹˴ٶȸһЩ
ֻǷɳȻ䣬ٶǰǽ̣һЩ˲֫ɢ֮С
Ȼ֮ǰҲйɱ
оԾ̫ˣѣߣ˵֣

ǷɹϷû뵽ӷ֮зһɫâըγһŴ
¿ٶҲ޷ȥϷըЩʯڵڶϢͱ˽ӣֱһѩ
Щ򵥡
ͻϮ̫죬ֱʯУ
ʱ֮У˽Աһס塣
ɿΪǿʵﵽ۷壬ͷԿû뵽Щû˿Ӧ
ͬס桢ԼˣЩ֮ǰֻҪѴﵽӲȡ
ֿΧʱΪһԲ򣬽סֺ֮пƶʯײ顣
ѪֹңȱҶɽп⣬廹Ҫָһ󣡡
¹Ҳɫ԰ޱȣϮҲýˡ

û뵽磬Ц
һɵ׹Ԩ

ͻȻһһͣ汻ͷۻ
˲ſΧ֮ͨ϶ȿķкüγɵĴ򣬱ֺա
֮жкüˣʮˣɣȻмɡ
ɶУһ취
ü˳ԾǣԭҲɷ͸ŷӡΪֲ̣ÿɡ


1620 ֮
Ϊܵɷʩչӡ
һ룬˲ſڵݵأʮҶƤĹŹ֡ˡ
ΪˣϸϸһǰˣֻǶǴƤҶɵ·ˡ
Щ˴඼һƤë׳˫ȹδȫβ͡
ȡ
һŮӴʮ֮д
Щԭ衢һŮʿŮӱǹ·ܶ·ЩŮϷйԭʼŭһѹŮϡ
ɡɺޣҪɱȺ壡¹ĿһУûв˼˻Ҫϸǲ԰ͷѪ
ĪŭɶΧȻаǿߣڿƬشŪЩʲôݣ
¹飬ôҸϿѪָơ
·ʱʱ˵޼ɵ˵Լ壡
¹ѰҴ̻Ṻĸֹż
ҵ壡
ԭǺɽһС䣬ںɽһ֮УɽܽС䣬ֻںɽΧ
˲ֻ࣬нˣһǳ뺷ײëѪϲɱˣˣŮΪūΪ己ܺð˰ֵɱΪࡣ
ΪǶٰ롣
ʮˣΪһŮӡ
Ƿй뷱ܺ
ˣŮ˸ǣŮӻҪͻز䣬߲㣡
ͻȻ䣬һ˳ˡ
ͬҶıߴԴһ־צӣץסȻ󵹹ң򶡢һ㡣
ˣǽɣһɰˣɿжǸˣָ㱨
ȥڣ
ǸǿһȣȻץסӡǣһЩ֮зɳץסü򣬽šſּ䴩
ֻȥʱ
ʱӦ뿪ֺŵѩħ
һЩι״ʯֳˣʯʮ
ԽʯһƬֺһʱ·ҲֺκֺҪïܡ
Ƚֺ֮Уűʮˣ¶𺳡־壡
һŴ֣
ħûʲôΨһͬǣ޴аɣִ̫ˣ࣬̽Ϊ׳ۡ
Ǵǰ֦γһ룬ǴھȻʬ塢֫Χɢ˹ǡ޹ǡ
⡢һ֣ĪǾ֮еʥﲻɣ¹뵽֮Уɽ䶼֪Ĵڡ
ʥ
ΪͼڣΪ
֮ţһħ֣꣬徭׽ˣһЩޣѪѪʥ֣Ϊǿ󣬸ʬա
Уʥﻹһ֡
棡
ʥ֡桯мأɽҲйഫ˵
ѩħΪǿ֣Ҳֻ֮ߴڣ幩ޱǿ
˵Ҳͨ˳Ϊǿߣܶѩħ֪ѩħ֣ɽֺ޵еĴڡ
¹棺ˣͷȻɾˣ֮ǰЩǧ򱶣㿴ԭϵһ֣ĸϵȻܴǧ֮⣡
ȷһɾ֣ƻûлûûˣʵѲǽɣκνҲ֣Χǿߣһ̣
棡
ö𺳣һŴ뽣ǿ˲ͬС
ȥ
ǿߺˣһˣǸγɵ롣
ȥӹ£ʿ
ĬĬʲôȻžΧһ硣
ˡ
ʮ˶ţ
ͻȻӿĳǴͨԪԪ󱬷
ǰЩˣԺӿһӰӰǿңǿž޴ָ

ӰϤİعޱϤСǧյ֮
֮£ҲֻһЩſܸӦ΢΢Ĵڡ
Ծǣû뵽ѩħҲܸӦڽǡɳǡƿ߿ճǡǬɳǡɹ֮УδӦĴڡ
νͣ
д߶СǧͨԪǹĵ¿ʼһЩĻ档
ʱЩϣӰʵϢָӦϢμӿȥίʵ𺳡
ѵһҲ֪ɣ

ͻȻ䣡
ٲ֫ʬɽ֮ϣǸ˱ôͷǣԽıţѪ֮С
أ
ʿʼ
һˣǿ־塢˼¡
ʮˣʥ֮У׼أǸǿǿߣΧ
ɵǣ
һʿ


1621 龫
Խ̵ʬɽͷּһȻһͲ˹ɣȻΪһ塣
ű֮Уʿ¿ͷ֮󣬸Ͻ뿪ˡ
ƺûʲôΣգϴ󣬶ְɣʯ֮аκһˣ취
ѾȲҪɱȥ
Ȼ
ѵ˿ձˡ
˲ǰˣ˫ֱϳһЩ٣һ·ڳж
Ҳסÿһʹ࣬ǰſ죬˿ǾȻûͷ
ҧס˾˽Ϊ͸һֿѹκһ˶ҷ
Ҳ֪ж
һСʱͣǰȻһˮأ
ˮĶشǿɲͨˮأžԼâ
滹ʮ棬ˮΧߣҲһƣû˫֡ͷˣӦڿˮЩˡ
Ů治Ҷŵһң
ž
ֹͻȻһƣ
һ˲סʮʼɢȥ
ɱ
нɻָһ̣һԾ
һͬɱȥ
˼״ץͷâ
ӳȥȿǳ밡
ͻȻ䣬һЦӰݺ
ಣ
ɱߣ
֪ͻأһ٣ٵһƻԲ
˾ʲô֮࣬ͻȻԲһͬըΪһձˡ
ǹҺǽɱɽͷ򣬶Һ˲ͽκνʴøɸɾ
ûƵĽɣһûצͻ
أ
ֻܻɱɽ
ֻһӲɽûˣɽɣҲһѪ¡׹أΧЩˣֱҧƲӡǣɳԵ
һĻӳȥˣѻȸ
ɽ䣬һɣȴձһУ˶ˡ
һñЩˣʬ³
ʵʵɣʥʵȥ棬ɻлᣡձ˲仯Ϊһһںϵһ𣬻ص֮С
ԶԶȥһʯͷ֮С
˾ˣ˸֮С
澪ǺεҺ˲ָƣаҲǿ
ȴ˲Ӧ֮УҪڻһ㣺úǿľϵһȻַȻҺΪϴʣ
ಣ
û뵽һһپ
ͬи򣬶ը֮һձ̫ţϱһĶ
Ҳںϣ֮С
̫ţӦϢԪ٣һħΪһ塣
ڶ٣Ӧǣǿʵ̫š
ɿҲпˣЩ˶ūˣڵͷն˫֣ǿпƣΪһ壬һӴ徫û٣Щ˻ûһǿƿֶΣ
𣿡
ִܳʱ䣬ǿ󣬵Իû֣ʵҲԣ򵥷Ƕᣬûжᣬӵһ壬֮УûӴҲܿЩˣʵǿ󡣡
֣
֣ڣ˵ڣ޴ڣôʬ塢ѪƾΪּڶͥҲ࣡
նЩū٣ɱǣ
ţԼһ㴥֣ڿЩˣΪ˳׿ˣ潫ϴ飬ҲϣƻʹЩ˿澫ţپǼͨǾˣ
û׼֮ʱʰǣȻϴǿҲһܽ½أУ
ַڲԾ
ˮɣǿ
һЩ֮󣬷ҺһЩ㻯Ϊһϸ΢ʣ
ϸһһ⾧ʯĿ
ˣǡ龫ۣɿҲڱ仯
龫ۣ
һЩˣϲһЩϡпʯԸƳķĩҺ֮Уӡӡʬ壬ֵ龫۽ڣѪ֮У˶½Ѫ⣬޷Գʱ䱣ʬ岻
֮ϧڻϣ޷
ˣ˹ƶ֪龫۴ڣԶҺǼǧգ
¹Ҳ֪Һ֮У̺龫ۣһŻعϽҺ


1622 
ֻ֪֮У̺龫ۣ˶֪
Ƿʱںܶط˴龫ۣʱپϼѡ
޷޷ͨ뿪
ָ֮滹ֶθμ㲻֣ҲԶ
ɿֵˣҺ֮лĳʣڣö֮ʯƵģԦͨ
Һֿ԰ϴ裬ֻҵò³
󣬸ëëģ
ʲôʲô
ʮɳأͻȻһˣ˷ȥǰиһ𣬲ûʲôء
˴ץһ߶ֻ֮𵴣Щ·һͻȻһ
ǡ
ٿ֣ƾյһŮӣЩŮӶиʮˣÿ˶궼һܿһ
ЩиţûһƼݣǶȴǳ󣬺ʲôӳơ
ÿ˿ëȻΪ
ɿ󰵵ˣǾץŮӣǷܺΪϴڣҲͼڣ֣ȻҪӻǣԼиڣӤһӵ
¹߲ѣŮ˵ūҲˣַʽĥˡ
Щи󷽣дһγһƷ̳ڣӰƯУΧдʯЩ𣬹ʬ֮С
Χǰ׹ǣ֪˶ˣ
ͻȻת֮ǰЩˣǾ˽ϴ񣬴Ӵú÷棡
ҪҪ
˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲô
ҽУҪߣ޷طɳֱձһ
˲ס
ˣ
桢¹Ǿעʱɿ󰵰˵ע⵽ǵӰ
Ƭ̣Ϣ̫ӣΪԸӦ
ٺ٣ˣӰһˣҲʬ壬ʯ󲿷ǻ˾֣׼ΪᡢΪΣ޵ⶦ
𣿡
ⶦǺöǿѡеⶦȻôö˾ȥⶦΪõ֣ҲԸͨ޳壬óȥ̻ᣬۣõɶ޷ӵеĲƸ
ⶦ
ɿһ˵һ˫۾ֱˡ
ںϸӦøӦʮֹ
ͫ͸âȻӰһ΢΢ûκԪꡣ
ʮֿʣȻûʶڻΧʯԼһѪ㼯ɾǿйڡ
̰ϴڶǾռ䣬ͬһգʵȻ
ȿᷢʲô£棡
ΧعǧԶ
Ҳ޷͸Ӱģ
ֻܿڴЩи
˿̣ÿձ߿ƾŸŮˣŮˣʣ¶ӣ
ǱձǿǿоΧ޷桢桢ɿܿš
ձߴžȥⶦ󷽣ձԴȻʼðһѪɫѿ
ѿŹѪ棬ֳѪɫЩǸⶦ꿿ֱһѪɫͷ󱳡
꾹Ϣ֮󡮻˹
Ϊʶһ㣿
һĻ캧ˡ
Ҳš
ɿʿǿܰˣѱǿ߻ɱԪĨȥ׸ͷ֣꣬һֱһʶͨЩѪɫ꣬ӵǿ룬͵ڻ˹ʵҲ͵һ
ٿձƿŮӣŮĸԸ·һ⿪󽫴֮׸ꡣ
Ʋǰ򵥣꣬եŮϾֻȥЩ׹ǹƶ³
ɶЩʿΪȥ
մŮ滹ҪһЩںϣֻĳʽ֮Ǿ˻ˣʱ뿪ʱ̣澫Щϣ顣
ʶܣʱߣûˡ
ɿʶžͷһ֪޷ӳȥǼǺε³
治ԥ¹׼ãһβüɵʲôݣҲϣ¶ǿ̣ͳͳһӳȥ󣡡


1623 
¹ӱ䣺ȻҪߣҲ˳Ⱦˣ˶ӳ죬ôҲһ
ҲգܲӳȥͿˣ
Ϣ֮ÿ˶׼ãҲʩչԪΧʮˡ
ЩһҪߣǺܼɺòܣǶԿлҲΪ
Ǽɾӳȥ
ɿ󿴵꣬Ů˹ĻȣһĿ
ಣ
˴һԾħȦಭ׽ɽ꽣Ҳ˲֣һâը졣
ǼֻϾȻ
ӴһΧʮɱԼҲͷΧŲ˹һ̶
ಣ
ɿ·Ű¹ߣ
ץɽƴﵽ۷壬һɻһһˡ
ӡӣ
Щˣû뵽һߣ뿪أһ˹Ʊ龫ȫ޷뿪
䣡
׷ըѣ
һƽץ飬ͷţţڸء
Ҳ¹ס
žžž
ħȦɽಭ׽ȻŴɱϣû뵽ֻܿһЩľмˡ
޷ն
꽣ɿٿ£ҽɱҲֻһڡ
ɿæˣڲЩ̲֣Ҳнɸ߶ȣҵȿ޷Ϊʮ˿أûиǿߣΪʵ̫ˣ
¹Ҳʩչȫɱɽͬ޷ʵֻ¼ǳǳۡ
ְ
м˱ƵӹּԸǲһУͷűǿƣɱ
ϧЩ̫Ӳκιƶ޷ǣɱ󺣣ȥ޻أ˻ָֻƽ
汾𶴸ƾȼɡɣٱҲ֣֪ȤҲͺˣĥҪǳΪū
ǸɱΪ֮ƣƶȫԽ˽ɡ
ƴˣ
һӣ䲻ǶɣҲͨһЩͷһؽ۷ɽվǰ
ɱƣ
֮ǰϲʶ첻ϤʱЩ־УҪȥ
濴һɣǣЩעȥǺ󷽣Щ֮ԴֻҪնϣЩͳͳҪ
ǸӲȱһӲƳؽﵽʥ߶ȡһԻĿ⿴档
а취ܱûа취ӦҪǿ͸ɱҲû취ҽʮһɱ
䣡
ɱӿǹ̫΢޷ѹ
ɱɻɻ֣Щɵٶ΢΢ɻֽڲӳͨЩ˶ЩӦ

֮ƶȥ
ɻʣ潫ٶ£ĿӺǸȭͷС
ԽؽɱӲȡ
̤˺󷽣ƯϷ䣬ҲЩ㡣
ɶʱɽ
ųⱦ˲̫࣬ȭʽȫӿ뾭ؾзʽ
ڰ羫һӿȫһ
ͣ
ɽδͷκνâֻٶȴһЩ
۾⽣ϣ׼ұ۳ֲܿصû뵽綹һ㣬ɽ±пһʱӶϿڣɫҺ壬Ȼģɶľϵ
ۣ
׺󷽣
ڿƵýʮֻܺˣɿ󡢰¹Ҳû·Ǵǰʮˡ
ӴЦЦȴͻȻȻֹڰһ£սһѪ׹֮С
¹ˣ
ŵ亹ֱðҪɱû뵽ǿ˲ӹŹһ⡣
أ
ʮֹ˾Ͳͬˣں󷽣棬һԿֲɱȥ
ֹɱͷɿֹҲһǿ̫ˣ
Ͻ֮ɱһ࣡
ԽصϢ¹ɿ˻ϣǰһ裬ֻҪһܽĵ÷顣

һ֮һ
¹ɣɿ󡢴ɳ

ȻǷּɱһ˱۰򣬺յż˵ǰ

ȫȭʽչھɽһȥ
ͣ
һˣǿƽϡ
̫ˣ
ն˲䣬ɫҺɽ緢ڰ֮ը


1624 
һڶɱһն澫Һ嵽ɡ
ȵǣ
Щ𺳿һ£Ȼ汾ǿϣϧʮֹǣѾնɱüˡ
Ϣ
ɽն϶ʮִʱֻм֮㹻ӳȥ
ð¹ǳȥҪע
࣬
ͻȻһ
ձϹǸ꣬ѪɫƣƯڰգޱ
ߣ
¹ȣ
Χˣżӳȥ¹ӳȥˣɸֽΧ½ء
ɴżˣҲǱǾʮֹ˶֡
޷ӳȥ
棬ɷ֮ǰҪ࣬ǳɥ
ͷɻҪƴˣ
ҲĹ˵ЩˣȻ֪ն

һ޴֮УԸݺ󱳣ԶЩһѷȥ
ʱҲʣ½һˣ˶׷Ĺնɱɲһгǰ
ţ
ɳ֮У£ǰɵ棬һӰվ
֮ǰе棡
ֲý𺳣ǽɱһǵ壬ȫ顣
ͬһ
һɲţվΧһֽƣ˵
ǵƣΪδΪƣ
ɲһг棬ʱ֣Ȼһ
ǿͨһ·նϣε
֣ɾ滹мԶ⼸ɰˣ֮ںɣ޷ͨ
ͻȻɱһһ͵Ϯնϡ
ϽԽԽǿʢһƾ󷨣һ㽻֯
лս׾һڴ߶ӡǣʱ˲ȫɱȥ
ղһȻһܿסģս׻壬Ȼˡ
޵ĵΪһ壬ߣȻˣڣȻ㣬ֻĻԵҲҵڣ
ͳˣȻսףһʲôֻܵ𵴰ˣ
ӡһչֳ֣ΪһһɶྪͻһԾ𣬾ͻɱ
ͣ
ٶȡɱɽһͽ
䣡
ϧȳɡ
ձͷӴӺһĳͽȫޡ
񣬳ôһɱȥջˡ
ɱ
û뵽ͨǿӣ
ɱ
תһӷ֮УĲɿ
һˣǿߣһֻɱ
ձɪɪЦĺãĺãʿɱˣ
ಣ
һԽʬԱߣʬץġ
࣬˱֮δָƱ࣬һζ㣿û뵽ǸƯ꣬Ȼ˵ˡ
Ȼ˵û˿飬һ˫ͫռݣȻʶڿꡣ
浹һں㲻ÿôôԸҲĴ
̣Ưûͷκη·һС

ɱˣ
Ҳ֪
䡣
һɫСӰȻɳһĻ֣ǰһʯˣʯ˲俪ʼ޴󻯣Χ𿪡
һȥ˼ͷȾ˴ʮ֮󣬿С˫ץȥץס
¡
Сһ
ٺ٣ҲǺñ˷ˣòϣóȥüǮ
ͷŻƤ«ʮɳ롣
䣡
һЩɱСȲһը죬Щʿɱˡ
һ֮С񲻵û£һֲֿ߳Щǿ߷˹ȥ
֪СһУŶôֲ
䣡
ǺɨǿߣκһɣײѪΪ⡣
нɱײУҲ˲ɣȻһ³
ɱ
ԦСͣձ߲òɱǺ嵲ס棬һâһɽ׹
һƳСתұ˹ȥȻâһƸ˻ȥ

ߺС˭뵽ȿһĻΪܽ˹ȫѹ
߲ҽһ㱻ԼǿâһСɽѹ档
ѪɫҺںըֻܼں˻ȥĻӰӣ
ʱһԪһ磬һ׷ɱɻһֱǣֵԮ󲿷徫Ӣɱڣٳ


1625 Ԩ
¹
ɻˣ
湻˼
֧ԮǣҲͷˣٴŴȥһʱû£İɣбκβңһᣬҾϣ
ɽ棡
¹ȻӦ
žž
ʱСϣСòɳȥ
С֣ʿԼΧһһţ̤һüǿߡ
治忿ɽЩǿдɱƣ
νýȥ٣˵һɣʮҲʿ֡
үǺú棡
¹û£ɻ
ɻ˴Ĵɣһܽ¹˴ȥ޹˼ɣиֶΣһʲôõġ
СһһɱǿܲסСһƣĵķѡ
ʿɱɱҲκβС鲽վС򣬳ɽҲκιơ
һɾȻһɱƻһܴɱȥ
СӣҲòΪֶͨΣͿݺıʲôɻʥţʲôºڰߣ涼ҲδʩչֶζԸǣ
ںȻ˵ˣǿ߶δƵñ涯֣֪Ϊ
ү㣬С֣ɽսױʲô
ʲô£һ˷ԭɲͷմֻͨһˣһ
ܱȵùС񡢾
꣡
µͻȻ𵴣
·ѿо֮ʣͻȻʯ࣬һ𿪣Ȼ¶Ԩ
ȥɣ
һ
Ϸ֣ôҲ޿κΰɽҲһ˲䶼飬СҲܽ顣
æС壬ֻ¡һ£Сͷ
Сʧһ㣬ƾ׹Ԩ
桭
С׹Ԩ̧ͷѿ棬׷ɱ£û뵽Ҳ
ֱĳѨ
𣡡
ʩչһͨɽ˲ϢСûص䡣
ԼԦɽƿƽ⣬æϷ׷ɱԨŵһЩζ
Ԩȿʬǣ̫ˣƶԹˡ
ʬǣΧʯ֮ж͸ſԼһ֡
СӣϷ滹浣ǸɱȥأǱ¿ռ䣬ӳȥЩ׹˰ɣǱɵˣ
û뵽Ӹ߿Щ֮д
治мҲκβң
˲ɱ֮УǸˡ
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۹̫ӣ

һ˲䣬·ףΪЩʿ
ԭҲһӵе֮ӵв֮

ϽߣͲһޱԨûʲôڣ
һмǿŷС͵˱ʳ̤꣬׷ɱ
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䣡
ʬ壬̤Щγħץ㹥ƣǵض
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治ǹ棬ѩħ֣ҪȻˣΣ
ƶٶȲƣٶҲ˦ں󷽡
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Ҳڷɣһ壬ϳ֮УգΪֻɱһѪ·û뵽ֵطʿ֡
һЩߣ
׺󷽣濴Щɣнʣҽ̤ɽϢҲǽ⡣


1626 Žش
ߣ
̫潣һЩǿߣϢΪӣڹŽһ̫潣ʷĴڡ
ǿߣǸߡ
Ӻ󷽿ȥͷߣһͷԷû뵽ת棬ȴһͯա
һֻʮꡣ
治һ꣬ΪΪ񣬶͸ŲãһϹŶ
Է֮󣬴ЦһСӣΪ˭׷ɱֵطû뵽һɣǺǶ̫үһ뿪
̫ү
·䣬һжˡ
Ȼ߿̫үǱⶦЩǿǱ̣̫ʬ塣
Ҳȥ䲻ǽǰɱɽҲܽһЩǿն
󽣵
ǸͯͻȻһڽ
ڷ磬ʶ
ǵɲǷɱ
ݣ
û濴ǽͱʮںɫɽ
ÿһڽⶼﵽԽؽ߶ȣҲʥ
ʥǾɶԴ߶ķҲɽ֮УԿԳƵΪߵķ
һʱʮںɫɽɱκ˲䱻Ϊ촷ۡ
ǿƣΪɱ֡
ԴԴӿ̫ˣˮޡ
ߺߣϷ򲻻ŹξѻᣬһҪ̫үͯ߹ɱУ󽣵ƣΧֶ޷в
꣬ԽŭǹŽ治ģԼ뱾뱾ΪУɱ̫ӲС£ıԺûһɣȥŽ
Ҳʾ棬ҲֻܲڡƬڰ磬Ϊ㻤ˣûԼɽΪнⷬ⣿ֻԶںڰ֮У̫үҹԷΪУ
ŽǰҺɱˣǿƴǣڶȥǾǱˣ֮󣬵ȱһɣʹɱŽ
ЦͷŸâɱ
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֮ǰܵ
Ƹ·ǧ뿪ܵһԨЩڰ֮Ԩ
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ҲһڹŽʿĵعٶڵعϢ
鿴ͼѩħֱԵһǺɽ䣬ҲҵŽڣ
Žλѩħ֡ɽ䡢ɽ֮䣬ԲǧﶼǹŽϹŽʷܱȵһЩһɽϣɽ仮ֹϵӵһ
˵ŽǺǿģҪɽûɹŽǽޣʵǳǿһЩɽ䶼ԶԸֶΡ
Сѣ֮ǰһֱæŶԸ壬Ϸûü֪˭ϷԱţǹŽشҲؽ
شʱżɣŽʿδһ֮ʣȴǰ¡


1627 
üĿЦݣһӣѽȻȷǰҳڹŽһСӣĸϣһܹϺӣ͸ȡϴ֣󸻴һ·ƴ򣬽ҵ˹Ž
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ЩʿҲӣЦ֪ߵغ
ҲúЦǸЦ
شȴͻȻͷʵ¸ң־Ÿɣ⽫ҹ̫үǻ֪̫үСѣܸ˵˵̫үҹŽƱҪ̫ү
ʵҲϹèӡ
شûмӣԱЩɡɳŵֻۿˣͽ֮ǰ΢һЩ
˵нͻȻɱƻ£ֻԨһûٸϵ
ش󣬲Χţһ󣬲ЦޣСǫ飬ƾٶȣ桢־Ϊ񼣣ɻʥǵȾŵӣҲû㲻
ԴֻЦ
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ΧЩŽɡǿߣδһʱ˵Խ࣬Ȼ˵һƭӡ
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͹
Žɽɽšѩħ֮УƹŽȻǰɽܵŷϳ
ÿٶȶǳˣɽƷҲﵽؽ׽ȴֻʩչһͨɽٶȡܸȡ
ش˵ˣ½أͷһЩǿߵӦþǡ
򱱷Ӧ뿪ѩħ֣紺Ҳࡣ
ǧŽʼʿһƽԭǳأӭشع飬ͨЩɣԭǹŽʼҾӢܺǧŽʿ
ǳҲϢ죬شֻʮ·һЩС֣½һЩСǳء
һƴǳسˣȺɽ֮УɽҪдʿأһ󸲸ǡ
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ظ
ش뼸֣һ̤븮ۡˡͳ켤ӭӣ׿ͷ
ˣشǽСѴȥдҸϿˣ
СѣڸϢϷ򾡾֮꣬þҲû˹ϷӻʳǼʵۣŻȾƣش顣
֮˶̬ҲˣһСԺѾź
ǽԺҲΪҲнʱʱѲߣҲмѾչˡ
һѾš
ͷŽ¹桢ɿСţִ߶ӦԪӦ
һֱûκλӦƹŽѩħֺңԶӵشֲ٣ΪҲߣԸӦ
Ҳпĳַӡռ֮У÷޷Ӧ
ɻǼɣӦò£ɻ˴ͷβδʩչʵȻͨɣ
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֮ǰ·ʱѻָʱ濪ʼ۷壬׼̤죡
ɺռ䣡
ˣ˵߽ʬ壬ң
һɺڣͨϹҪʬ壬ںΪ壬ǳ⡢𺳡
ɰ
治ŵԣΪһɡ
ͨǼţȴҲ֪жҪˣһɡʬ壬ܸǿһʬ壬ѪʵȻˣ
ں棬һΪ֮壬ֻںɡɾɾһͷ󣬶ȴһֻϣ֮¾
Ҳǣ
Ȼ޷ɽ˷ѣϧˣ߾ɿΪǿ󣬵Ҳֻ۷ʵɽɣӵн֮߾Ͷһɸ֣ɽȻҪ
ˣˣѪħ컯ҲʵںϽ֮


1628 ʬ
ֻҪںϣһ߶ԼںϽɣƣԪҲʬ壬˶תǰѣֻҪΪѪ״̬ǿɾˣ
л֮
ͨӯ
ǰУ;սᣬҲһɰû뵽ʱջΪɵĻᡣ
㿪ʼ߶Ѫħ컯֮飬ΪѪˮ״̬ƽʬ壡
֮£ͨͿʼͷžѪ
һһͷŶ컯ƽʬ塣
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ǿӿʼףǳڡ
һѪΪһףûһ˿طǳ̣еؽ۷ɱӲȡ
ѪѪһҲ˺֣΢ľҲǳӲЩҪһŵĽԪض档
ò͸ѪѪ㣬̫ˣʮϣӲҲɱ
ǽ䣬ûʶǲԼһ˿ڡ
ΪȫԽٱǧ޷ɡ
ڽǿйڣһʼɳ֮вԪʼת
䣬һжָţҪͨںϽ֮壬ҪýԪУѪͨǻ
óһѪΪѪɫҺӿ濪ʼ۷֮չƶ֮УˮԪ
ϧãС
̫ǿ󣬲ܺģһ㣬ԪҲԽǧ򱶣ҪԪѪתһֻҪȥᶯʬ塣

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һδΣҲûʧ׼߶ط
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а¹ɿںϼ֮ҲͲöСǧý֮
Ҷ
һСǧͨԪĵ»ա
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˲һ˲ؿռҲɰٱ룬·һ̫Ưš
ǿɲ̫
ǽɲ޵õĽ𵤣
ӵнߣܳӵ˵㻯أ
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һȻ䣬𵤻оһƣ˲佫Լٻ
ܼ𵤱桢вٵۣȴֻС˵ʱ䲻ãƵҩ̥ҪʱУ𵤲һ׳󡢼̡
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Ľҡͷֽעͨϡ
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ͨʱûںϣѪںϣųشͨںϣʹܡ
ˣ̫ˣͨЩż
侲մ֣ʩչԪɣԪںϣ֮Ѫںϣ


1629 ƻ
ã
һѪͨʶһѪɫͷԪơ
ƼѴ͸ǿѪüβ㱻ײ飬ײײòԪ
û뵽Ԫʧֻ࣬һЩͨš
ʼںϣͨʩչԪʼһ̶ˮԪɢȥ
һЩɲһЩԪɡ
Ԫһ
̺СǧתãͻȻԪͷš
û뵽ڼںϽɲԪϢһΧԪ̬Ԫӿ
޷

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һɫ԰׵ͷϢԪڣȻʼԪ측ͷţȻûнǿ״ֻ̬еɡ£˵ͨɹɲԪɡ
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ԪƯŵĲͨӰ̬Ԫ
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ɹˣ
л֮æ¹
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ͨæţ֮УһͿʼЩѪˮӿٶѪںϡ
һɣѾɹ֮ϧɡ۵ڷſ۾
չȥûͼƬ죬Ĳپ
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ΪشڼպǲӰų죬Ѿߡ
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оԷ⣺Զﴫˣֻһɣ忹
СǼҿɲȻҵģ͵ùһأҿǸС㣬ʲô¶ܣȻΪҸϼҶҾ͵ÿмＸ
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ɲߣҵûкûܷߣҪǲʵѧСͻȻһˡ
һһɣֻͨˡ
С˼㶮ˣӸ˹Ц
룡ǰ
С㣬ֻһͣؼңʱ涯֣ƺԤϣ滹͡
ӸͻȻ˴վ֪С˼

ͷƣƶʱΪһ͡žžը죬˲ֱˡ
Ӹߺȵظ˶ɣֻһ죬֮еˣӮ
䣡
˽һ̤ӶץָһץΪһȭɱ
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žž
ȭͻȻֱעһȭﵽһ۷壬ȫѹơɱκɡ
޷Խɣ̤ͷ֮ϵߡ
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ƺǹӸУֺֻؼСһϷҪ
䣡
ȭû취ͻȻɱһȭ


1630 ͨ
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˵ĳ죬Ȼʵж


1631 £
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һͨâ֮УɣٶȷǳС
ͨһ棬Щ𣺡ˣ̫ѿƣϾ֮ǰ֮ɲ̫Զҵһֻϣ󣡡
ⲻ㣬Ǹɸ㣬һںϣڿƽɣҾﵽɣԴ߶طǿаںϽɣҲ䡭
ȵȣ
ͻȻ䣬汾Ҳû취
ȻһץһųѪˡ
ͨһϳˣϴαҩһں϶ɵѪ׼̤õģʱҷǲֱҩҺܿƻΪѪˮ״̬ǳ
ҩ׸ͨ׼վͻɣҸʺϣñҩ֮ӦÿԿƴ󲿷ֽ컯Լ
Ǵ˵ģҡҺ£ǵ̤ɣ
ûбҩһ̤ɣɽ֮ãҲܵõҸҪ
ǣ
˹ϡƶͨһҩѪȥ
Ҳ־Сǧ󣬲Сںϣϣһ
Ѫ֮ѪɫࡢѪ߲ԪЩͨȻҲڲ
߲Ԫǹ̫һ̣Ϊϴ裬߲Ԫ׻Ϊϣ˵ѪһĹͨ
߲Ԫ̫ľʩչһΣǱСǧеһȡ
ҪиԼΪ߲Ԫɱ֮
ˣҳɹˣ
̶̼죡
Ƥ«һʱһɽâͷţϢͨ컯ͷѪԼɲаԵ
ͨܿƽ͵ںϽ
ߣͶһ֡
ںɣں߳ɣˣҩ̫ˣֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬컯ɺڲҾȫƿؽɣΪһɣͨ֡
ɣ
ӴԺҲټɵѿֽˡ
ɻʥɱҲԶԸɡ
ͨ컯Źں˽ѪħԼ޼ǾȵȲŵ㣬ϣͨܳ׳Ϊһɡ
ع鱾𣬼֮У߲Ԫ־գʵ״̬
û뵽ظ£شŻ
һӴ˻Ѿߴȥ
ظڴش˵ʲô
õشЦӣͯģȫĸס
Сѣʱǵˣұ߽磬ŪýŻ
ش£ϲʵϷҲǿǸѵ˲ţ֮ǰ㣬ԺΪţҹŽԽǰкɽ䣬ԱС䣬кڰ֮ԨЩϷ㣬вߣδΪҹŽ֮ţ
΢΢һóǳĶԣվ񣺡л⣡
֪վǳһɣ˱˵ǸһѣǽץһҲ
ش仰ͻȻ˸Ƶģȳ⣺ÿΪһ۶ģ˭һӵǿʵЩߺᣬߺһӵǿѪ´˶ǿջ۲ӵʵˣ

һǰɲˢס
˵Ķԣ£Χ
Ȼشһøס
ҡͷСѣĪְڵңܶ฻ŮɽԸϷŮȥо̣ʼ޷ӵߣֽµȣ
ˣ
һ˼ؼҸ֮У治ʵ߹ûʲôԵģһλһŮӳһ۹ӵ˺ʵѡģĳЩʱ˵߹עһԽ˴ˣ
Ϸ㣬ҪϷҲһɣϣƺһɣǽɲܱȵģϣؼһһԴΪŽЧ
Слǰذ
Ž䲻ɻʥִɣҲûкɽֹ嶼ѹƣǵ۹꣬ûеȻҲıǿߣŬҲɳԽͥЩ֮
ǰ̧ѼıҲֻȥɽڹŽУǰʶͬԵԺɾΣԻǵùŽһλǰ
޷˵ˣҲҲã
õش𣬵ھܾΪһӦ


1632 ͬ·ǰ
ش󲻵ûУͻȻŹЦϧ˲ţǷݲУıҲ棬ܻʿο㻹ǸɣϷԸһУ֮ǰһ벻˵ģΪԺͲ㣬Щʱ򣬱ҲɳһǰɽСŮһǰɽϣܵõԵȻҲҪȥ
ǰ󰮣ش
ְ֮ͲþСڣ֮ǰһɨ⣬ش֮󣬱ȥ
ʱҲʣؼҸӡ
Ȼ죺ΪηҪһɣеͣһ콻֣ʼһ㣡
شЦǺǵữ
ҲΪ̫һɣδ˶Դһͨˣδ˾ؼż̫Щ
Ƕӣͬ棬ȴʼδδһܳɴ
δ֮˭˵ĺãҲ֪ǷδܳΪʣǷʲûмϣпزۣɲߣҲǶһģһ˾籦õ۹ĥδɾһȥȻأǾͲһˡشһҲȻû֮ǰ϶
ǵ˶Դףǲ
㲻ԵʶһˣһԵпδջľһݴԵȥ׼ǰɽظڵ۹֮УһҪ¹ͣ
شЦЦ˵ֺ꣬
Ժ
ͼɴ鵤Ͼͻ죬๦ͨҪϸϸƿء
Լº
йܼ֪ͨǰɽ
ظ⣬ۼʮˣһЩ󲿷ֶɡ
үΪںһɣ
֮СӲϲ
СӣɱǺˣ̤ɽʶȥĪ󽫾ү£
벻ɣڲǰ浽Ȼ¶Ц
治
ĪǸϹӲɣ
˴Ц
үС㣡
һڸֹ
Ψ治ֺЩֲ졣
òݣɹ֮޷ʧ
Ϊ·䶡治мߣʲôӣɣʲôʸףб¾ؼҲԲȣûؼұ㣬˵ȥɽѩħ㶼߲ȥ
ãĪҪʱ䣬ȥܵ˵ؼں棬һնȥ
ЩֲδʩչٶȣٶǰУ
滹ǿϣúЩЦ
뿪Ž磬ǸʱʱС
һ޼أֺɽУݷ
ɽֹԶһЩʿϢʱʱͷš
һԨǰһ·屻ȥһ룬ܺñϡ
ߺˣ
ӹ˷·ԨͻȻʮӰȫɣ
ظһӰ
ԭǶӣҵ󷨣ظܵȴţ
һӰϳһؼҸ֡
ԨһԨҲǧͨͻȻһâ룬һͬһܵ
֮ܵžͱܵһ˾һԨΧһЩԨʮָӡ
ÿ׶бǣԼһŽǿ߰أںܶԨ֮дֺ߰ؽһš
һعʮؼһϣؼ֣ҲǹŽ
뱱򸹵أħֲ;ҲܸӦʿټٶȲ̫죬ܸ˲
»ûлӦҲǣɽθӣпĳռ䣬ԸӦֻҪȥɽ򣬱Ȼϵϡ
У¹Ӧûһ㶯
º󣬺Ȼɽֺһֺǳѡ
ɫдź࣬ЩʯϣʴʯγһɫʣֻҪкɫʵĵطǴݲ
ɭҲһ£²ֲ￪ʼήҲܵӰ죬ܷϢ
̻ṺϷ֣Щɽÿ𵴡ǻɽγһʣɢɽǧ֮⣬ǺܶȻǡ
ʿҲܴڲо綾ʯ
ҪҪⷽ磿Ϊǲ㣬ЩϢǻزҲò
ʮһʯѨϢ
漸棬󲿷ֶںҲ˿ȥһ档
ְȻܡ
˲ˣǲ֪ôЩɡɶȻһξʣ
С̤ɽΧǾͲùˣ˺޲ھͺ档


1633 
ǹŽʿһΣҲóƼȳܣ󣬻רź
պֿʼŽȷмٳܵ;ŽǿߣҪһıǿߣ
塢ɽȵȸ֣ıǺɽ̣û
ֹ˽һ£ʱٶȺ
ҲøΪû˲ԭ
һƬһ΢΢ͷţؼҸֵΧɳһŽ֡
һڲǧԹŽǿߣռķ֮һ
һôҲˣǹŽܾݵ㣬ܱ˻֪
ӭؼңоϴظѵǸӸ磬Ԭ
Ԭڼ壬ͬǹ壬ǹŽһλسۼ̣Ԭұؼҵλߡ
£๫Ӹ綼ӭӡ
ԬҡҡͷҵòȴɽͲˣ
Ԭȥӭ
Žе̣ôɣ֮࣬һһɡԽ޴ڣ
ŽӪأһˣûʲôݣȻ˽ӼԼѰý͵Ϣ
Χڸ֣ԼؤԶǰɽͼҲˣЩ·Ҳв㣡
һ
ץһâһۡ
ƶǺñһҲӵУ۸߰Ҳ
ֻһ˽ȥȻҲûȥ档
Ǹһ޲ھͽߣ
붴ԬһЩŽӸ磬ƺòš
Ԭ˶óкøУ׷
һ󲻸ˣʱʱעⶴ֮棬ͷҲǼΪˬ㰵ȥʰѵһ٣ΪһˣƻظΧ
Ƭ̣ͬѵһǿԣɱŪһҵ֪ǾͲˣ
Ұģ²е֪֪֪֪֪
£ԬЦͣȥֺ
˵죬ȥ˵Ҫ뿪ˡ
ûҲû˵ʲôͬߡ
ٺ٣Сӻţ󲻸ˣҲʹ죬ʱΪ㣬ǲˣСүʰ㣡
ԬһʱõϢ֪ͨ涯
ܿż֣뿪Ӫء
Ұ֮⣬ֶͣ뿪󷽾н׷֪Ƶġ
ɳʮԽ̶Ц֮ƺ֪˭ֽٶȼӿ졣
Լ뿪ʮ׷棬ͷߺȻԬĴ¸֡
Ԭǽɰ߻һɣɣɱˣܵõɣʬ壬Դ
ɲתֶ˲һΧס
ΧҲҶɱ뾪ЩΧϡ
ԬЦǺģòţСӣղŵҵ۹Ѳߣ֣һ󣡡
ԬĪҲɣʲô֪浭Χһǿߡ
һŭΧֶЦ㣿ǰǰģؼҼһ棬˲ˬԬүԬڹŽλǳؼҼκ˼Ҷſ£һɣңңɲ裬οһǹ壡
ԱϢޣӵиʱȵҼҹӾҲÿԴʲôſ£ţ
ֹ̣壬ͷǳĪ˶ſ£ֺɣ
ˡλƸԬǹŽسǳԽɵĴڣҸĸǽɣԬҲǽʣأһɰɣԳѽ޷
ֲãѪãȱǾͷЩȻһӵв壡
ʼԶҲ޷ˣСӣҲɱ㣬ֻǽѵһ٣ͻȻףǸ߹ӣδһȢ󣬳Ϊؼҳαؤϼƽϣӽ鲻͸һѧУٴҿȥ

ĴҲЦֹſ浱һ
ͻȻ䣬һ䣺ղ˵ɲ裿
ԬԵף֮еߣɡɡڽɽ£͵ϣūߣ㵱ظңң
Ҳо仰Ҫ˵ͻҲЦˡ
ˣˣ
˫ֳֽ
˵ɲ裬ãҲһ仰Ҳ裬
СǷˣǹһ蹷ɱԬһҲ޷Īš
Χ˻һȡ
ȥ

ͻȻһǿȶ֡
˿úЦˣһɾȻɡɣģ
ɱһɣͻȻı䷽ǶԸԬԱǸɡ


1634 նԬ
ǱԳ֣˫һɣǰ㼢ݲ
ɲ裡
ಣԷԽΪɱٶȳԽʮֹҪСҲһץǰɡ
һһСơ
ССܾ㣿ŲмҪϽƾܣ˲Ϣնɱ档
أ
һưԵɱпܣΧְԬҡͷû뵽С񾹱Ѫ
ѪС񣬶ǽұۣȻ˲䱻С飬Ҳ۵رɡ
ʲô
ʣּ״ţƵġ
ֱǽڵϣʹǺЩ˲Żصʵæһץס
ߣҪ
ͻȻ󷽳һˣͷŽơ
ͨ
Ԭ֣Ҫˣܻȴͨһô£һɰ
ǲңԬΪһɣ߻ıżȻ𣿡
濴ͨĮȻ˼£Ըˣɱɱɱ֣
һӸˣɢ޾ĥѣץסһɽͨͷŽ򣬳Ԭɱȥ
ಣ
棬Ҫȥǿߡ
١ұۣҪж˿飡

ˣ
һ̣ץһɽƷʴﵽؽ۷壬ԦһԾ𣬽Ҳͷš
䣡
£
ֱӾͱ𿪣һδκˣ޷
˼գ·𿴴ֻһɣֻҪǸܣҾͲüɵ㣬һɰˣӵһܣΪУҪ֪ɲ裡
ҵȷɲ̫̫ˡԷ޷⣬һڼʶɶôԵ
㣬ɱܣҲԶܣȻ󡭡
ɿɲȥҪԬԸͨ
вɽͻȻϣ·һݣâǧ˲Ŵâն档
⡭
һɽȻ¡
µǽԶʩչһСҲԻɱɣҲĽʩչͨһɽҲ𲻵á
𣡡
СͻȻûһֵϷɽƴ󲿷𿪡
ǱѪϽߣ
ûܣ㻹ʲô£СӣɽѹС
һ˼ԦƣԼٶȺȻɱǰ
̫ˣ

ǽɣ˳һƳɱ
ȥ
һ㹻ɱʮ棬֮壬޷ؽ
ȴ³ѪԪ

ȴǣһɫӰһͻȻɱһƣ뾪ѾղסƵĽɣٴκ¡һɱһ
ۣ
˲䱻ķɣϳѪѡ
㡢㡢㾹ϿܣӲȳɿܣɶӵУ㡢һǴб
֮ǰŻȻףԭӵܰ
ڵ֮󣬽ͿʼѪѪѻΪһ飡
ɲ裬һ־ɺƣʬ롣
Сɹнǿɽ
ʹ찡նɱɲŹ񫣬ϧֻǵͽλɣûָ߼ԺɣһҪһɱ
ղҲһΣпֶΣҲһܶԸɡ

һըѰ𵴣
պýʬ壬ɱתնһɱͨ䶾ϣɲ׹ء
ҲˣʣԬͷŽͨɱϼС
һ󷽣Ԭ·סԬлɱңȻҲõԴʬ壡
Ԭ£㡢ɱңߣɱңҵһŹǣҴȨͨ죬׷ɱ㣬ʶ뿪
ϻܷŹҪɱ֮ˣ
ʩչ֮ͨ
ͨƵԬֻܰһСʩչâ֮ŽâɱԬ
˵һҲɵɹƣתɶԸͨɱһɽ档
䣡
â湥ɱһ˫飬һɫӰײԬ޷ɣճΪѪˡ
ʯ񣬳ԬɣٽɱǳɵĴڣԺһӵн̫ˣԬֽɣҲһ졢죬֮ǰǸɸһʵҲûУ
Ԭڴ˿̲֪½ɣαɱ֮´濿㲻ɱҰ
ӣҲ·ǹŽ尡һȱԴлˣ
һָնԬ
ҡ
Ҳ֪Ԭһʲôֻ֪ͷһЩâ
촽˼£Ԭĵر۾ӰͷâƤ«֮С
ӣ
ɻǿͨԬһ˼æߣɽ̫ǿˡ
ͨΧɲըѣӳԶɣ˲Ѫ
ˣ
ʬȡ棬ͨʵʵϧǲȫƽɣںϣͲ˳֣ɱͽλɣһǿԵģ


1635 ٨
浭һЦΪûǿԴںϽ֮ҩֻôһ㣬ҲֻѪһˣõͽλʬ壬ҾͿƾɣ˽ò˼꣬ܳΪĽɣ

ָϽ򱱷ڰֺʧȥ
ŽӪأ
С㣬һ·ϿˣС㶼Ů澣ʹһˣ
ƶ֮УһڣؼСһ´磬ڼ뷿Ѿߴ㷢
ã
洫
һΪʲô鷳û±뿪磬ȴż߸ͣ
һСʵԬȥ֮ǰ֪
֪˵ҪȥһˣҲ֪ȥԬ˿
ȴʣ治֪
ʵ֪ǸɲҪ뿪û¾ͷɧԬ˵ˣ˵ȥѵ棡
ȥѵ棿
ǰʲô⣿磬ͷİɣֻȥѵ棬ûɱˣ
ڲСǸոյõԬǷϢԬɷʧԬҷȣѡѾˣ
ܣ
ӣȻ԰ס
ȭͷм٣ϢʣԬҴϢ˵ԬԬĸϢһͬʧ˳ȥѰңƺܿϢҲ㣬ΪҲ֪ȥ£Ԭ֪Ϊ£ŵԬ뿪ӪأӶСԬһưո𣿡
ѵԬ֪أһҲû˴СƢ
Ȼ֪йϵĻؼұȻԬҳΪˣϣǸҲãԬҵ˵֮ҲὫؼˮ
ҲԬȥѵ棬ΪС
ﲻǹŽɽΧڶٴͥ˷ǿߣкɽȵҲùˣӪظײǿߣӶСҲ˵֮ڿʼҪ֪йأҲ˵Ը֪ģҪ֪Ϊ㣬Ԭ£ֱˬƢؼҵл
ҡ֪ˡ
ԭԬ׷㣬븸׾һֻ۱һֻۣԼܲߵһִ֪£ˣʹﲻҪȥҵȥԬѰԬ䡣
һȣɭɭ˦ֱ뿪ۡ
ɣԬôûãƽʱ˵Լĺܣıﶼȥ
ҲֱţҲ֪Լ˴¡
ͷβδԬ֮ϵһ
֮ң
ֲﱻาѹͨԽƿΪ濪
óͼһ濴аɽǻںɽ䡢Žɽ֮
˼һ潫նɱѪ֮⣬Ѫ
ֻϧ컯ѪɫࡢٲҲ޷һʬ
һֽ󲿷ָͨ;ϢʵԽ䡣
Ϊʵ֮壬Ҳɼٽ֮ʬ徫ǿнɾ֮ںϡ
ɾڣܽһѹơ顣
Ҳ⣬Һ߳ɽ֮ʣʵ޷ںϡɣֻܻ⡣
Ҳ٣Ԭռָ鵤ʮ£ƷƷƷʣƷﵽ֮һ㹻ɡɡ
ʯҲн飬ؽɱԼʮɲݡɹοһʡ
һɿռָڣҲһʲƲƸοûаװðɱˡ
ͨȻתˣ㿴ǰһЩϢͷţʲôȻ
ʱں֮УΧƯһЩɽӰоﲻ˼䣬ǵ
ǰȥȻм΢΢ҫֺ֮£Щҫҹ֮â
ûӣȻҲһ˫ɭɭĿһһ
ѰâһȻǼͷ΢΢ɲݣ·ҪɱΪҩ⼸γһȦâش
ͨޱȣñˣɱΪҩɲһãҲ԰˴ɽɣ
֮ȥȴɳɡ
ಣ
װɳһȳ˸ߴٵĹӰӡ
ǿߣô£ͨס档
һɲǼ䣬ΧӰ忪һˣÿϹһ׹á
Щ޲壬ֻȫڼ׵Ĺһˣȴ࿡ģһɣһɣ嵹ջ񣬳Ϊ٨ūɣ
ԭǰ˸µ壬ɶ񣡡ͨ޲ýЩ˳Ե
ħʿ
٨壿ǵˣǺɽ֮Уһϴ䣬ǿĶ࣬Է̫࣬Ǿӣ
֣
ҪԸɫ˳ԶɽǷȥҲֻвʮ٨ˡ


1636 ػ
˶ʱλΧɱܸ
Ȼߣʮ˿桢ͨһЦ
һƲĸ࣬һܰˣʵȻҲǽϡ
ˣһڴ䵶һɳ桢ͨһն

âɱÿռ䷺Իǣֲһ
һͨҲɵ̿ˮȻܰʵǸ߽׽ɡ
û˿٣Ҳ޷٣ʮ٨ɱ⡣
ɽ
˲ڴɱ֮ڣҷһץһɫӭ󵶡
꣡
ԣ԰ǿһնɱڴ󵶣ȴɽ˲ѡ
ҡҺòնɱڣѰһֱӵнʵİˣʹϧгضϡ
ͣ
һɶͨͷϣ䲻ʮˡ
Щ٨ȻҲ¾綾ϽܣҲñ桢ͨץס˳ȥ
Щ֮ǿߣڶ׷ɱŭִʮ׷ȥ
˫ֻŰ׾ˣ
ͨͷŽǰƬɽһƳ󷽣ʮ˱׼
ʱɫֺǰɽһɹհ㣬겻ɢƬɽ
Ƭɽ뱱ɽˡͨɽ
һٶȣͨ£ץһŴ󹭣٨忴ϵûģ
ɣɳ·ҲЩ⼣
ע𽥿ڰ£ֻ޹žž𵴡
ּһڼʸҲһɶ೤޹ʼͷųһɹɱγɲƵĲ
ݣ
ڼɲŹһΧշ·𱻺ڼп˲˶ֻһлѺۡ
ͨźͻȻâɱҪս̵󾪵ˣ⣬ǿһﵽؽ۷ɱһɱУҿ¶Ҫһغ
ȥ
ͻһָСҲ˳ȥ
䣡
ʸһ̾׼С񣬿±˲󲿷ֽɣСû
գۼ䣬Сʹӱը֮棬ΧһЩɫƬը֮׹䡣
ɶ񰡣ⱦɱٽɣȻ˼գæ°˶ܰǵը
桢ͨҲӳԶҲʽããȺɽ֮УɽԱϺһࡣ
ϽȺɽ֮䣬ʯԼƺ٨ǿ׷Ҹϡ
˫Ⱥɽ׷ϣǸ׾룬ͨýٶ˦Щˣ٨Ҳ޷׷ˣţҲ
룡
һشķӶ֡
濴ЩһǿңЩﶼнʵǲϣȥ濴ûл˦٨塣
ͨƿأ˼ֱ׹ֺ֮У٨ǿҲӰֺͣ
ΧʮֻųŽ壬ͷ쳣󣬶ҲǴ۾ӵķƺ٨壬ΧԶԶҲ׼ֺ
٨ͻȻһͷһ
һֻŻЩδУǻǸһɭ֡
ֺ·ܾṳ̂ͨͷŽƣڵɹϷҲ׷һˡ
һЩʯˣڵ֮УЩʯ֮ǰЩͼڣԼĪʮɸߣЩ̻
ƬЩ̡û뵽٨׷ɱ̤ء
;мһЩ˹ǣѷڹʯΧһֹϼ룬һЩʬΧ

ʮȻһűնϴĥƽϷĸմġ
˶һּۣ٨ں׷ɱ֪ǰвٹǷС
һ˲䣬ֺѪԼζһִأɶ˭֪кεǿ
ոռ桢ͨڵʮɸ߿һСɽȻƯ𣬱Ƹ
һ˫Ѫɫ۾·ڷնˣﲻǺڰ֮ԨҲǺɽ䣬٨Ǵ̷
һ֮⣬ͨ˫۾֪ܵһֲ
䣡
ƯСɽͻȻһԾ𣬾٨ⷽ˹
һҲǰ˰ޣͬǣԴǹط塣
һδɱ䣬ɼһЩѪƣ֮Уȴ˫š

ֱӴǣһʮɣɱ桢ͨ
٨ٹκ̤˵أƲҪ˳֡

һЩҲˣ¿ɲ̶ԸһЩ٨֡
ˣ
һɽ֮߳ˣδѹͨԵϢ˲


1637 ׹Ԩ
ȫһȦȦ𿪣׷ɱ֮֮ڣ˲ɵ׼֡
٨廹ɱǵ̣
δϵǣǰ֮УϢ䣬һòޡ¶硢ȵĺŮӣһࡣ
һ
׹Ԩͨɪɪɵ̫ˣˣʵҲǽɸ߽λǽ۷壬ҹֻǽУ
濴󷽼Ů󷽻һƶ·һЩ׹ǣɱ˲ɣ
ӣ
һȥòӡ
٨һǿȻ׷ᣬǾ˴ԼŮҲͬʱ׷
Ůڰչ¶ŰȻģҿȥƬ̣ʮǿߣúǷ
һӣۿ٨һǿߣں󷽰һͬ׷ɱ˵ǽ֣ǺҲо
ˣ㿴ǰһͷһԨţʮ
ȥǿ߽׷ɱӳȥ
׼һû뵽ͨΪɣֺʲô
Ԩôţ
Ϣ֮ڿˡ
ȷһԨƸһͨԨϷһþʯ̶ɵôš
Ԩڵпӳȥûаԥֱôŷ˹ȥ
ǡ
ŮͻȻȻֹɵԶԶôš
ৣ
һ޺ҲڲԶֹͣ׷ɱ٨׷ȥɪɪսǿǰ׹ԨȻΧûдأأߣǶ̤һ
ˣԭֻҪնɱ࣬׹Ԩ׸ߣȻԼӽȥҲһݹͣԺҾпɽˣ
٨֪׹ԨֲɽǵˣߣǽȥɣΪʳ
ˡ
ʮ٨ֺԥ׹Ǵǰһ·ǺڶԨһͷȥ
׷ǲţ
׹Ǵ
ԨգͨתϷ٨Ȼ׷ɱֻһζȥԨͷ
ǧʱһЩѨʯɢŲٰ׹ǣЩ׹Ǽûһġ
׹Ǹ࣬д˹Ǻ
ĪһǳֲĴڣԨ治ðһ仰
ٺ٣Ҳ٨ôǿ׷ͨ¶ħģȥ
ȻʱȻһ׹Ĺء
׹Ĺͷģˡһӡ
٨һ׷ɱȻоһܿҪա
ڷɲٴҲ幦ѪŴϢ
Щһֱû幦Ҳδ߶մ飬ΪδʱͻȻգ
ˡ
ڰԨһӱѪ죬Ѫɫڷա
ͨʾ濴׹Ԩ
ãһۿȥ׹ǵͷȻǺҶѷţһ𣬴Լǧװ׹Ԩγһǧþˡ
׹ãγһþˣ
˵һɽͨˣͨɣҲδһĻ
ӣ
˱׹Ԩ֮ʣ٨ʮǿߣһ̳Χס
ǻȥ
濴ˣȻӲ׷ɱҾɱҪ٨ɣ
һȡ޹ץһǹһͽλɣһɣ
ǣ
Ȼ䣡
һЩĶӰ׹ԨǷ
˶濴ȥ䣬ǿЩİ׹ǣвٰ׹΢΢ζ
һѪɫϢЩ׹֮͸ϢŴı壬һ޷а
٨ǿ߶ΧɱˣԾǰڻζĪǰ׹֮һ
׹òҡΣҰ롣
Ȼ䣬΢΢Ѫɫ㼯룬Щ׹ֿʼǲһһ׹Ѫִǰ׹֮
д
٨ǿ߲۷壬ǽɵͽλʵǿֻ߰׹Ǵ֣ɵҲŵûֲ̿
䡭
ѪǴһӣ
Χ׹ͷɲ٣¶һһͨɫ۹ˡ
˵ǹˣۣܿ˫ͷ˫ѪǣûһƤͷҲѪ״̬ڸõʬ塣
ĵ˼¡
ˣ˵ͫͷѪâѪâɢȥ˫ֻۣһնͫףû顣
ʲôˣˡ
ʱ֪Ѫǹˣһʲôֲ߲ǣ滹٨ǿߣԷְ׹ǹǿңǳͨаϢǿ϶Ϊֻһͨ
֪У׹˯ãǳۣӰ׹Ƕվǿնͫףһɵƺʼ٨һˡ


1638 ѵѪ
һһ̤Ű׹Ƕý˻ִϰҳ˯ߣɣҪǵѪ
ǰ˻棬һֱδ
ֱѪ˿٨ǿߣһɽһԾɽĹ㣡
ɽֱѪš
룡
Ѫ˲δදɽüģͻȻ磬ֲ֪ץ
۵һ
ѪѣѪָȻӰ˲ӣֱץͷ
˿־ţȡȡȡ
޷ѪǴ֮ѣɽҲ׹棬衢Ѫ˳Ű׹Ǵš
ϡܼЩ׹Ǵ֣ƺְ׹һš
Ѫ˻ƽײ壬ǣӽᣬǵѪҸоζһ㰡
ɱˣɱ˲Ȼŭɱȥ׹ˣߡ
ɳͷƣлһɼǿߣûжͬ
ʬ壡Ѫ˻ۣʬһ̶࣬ڵϡ
Ѫ̧ͷɱȻܴݣһӭȥ·ûֵö࿴һ۵Ķ
䣡
֪Ѫ˿ͨһɱͬ飬Ȼʵһ֣𣬾һɽѹѪˡ
ˣôѪϢֲΪηһַǳǿϢ
ͨǴĿģΪɵҲ¶־塣
˺ܹ֣δ߶κͨԼֻ֮֮Ҳδȫͷţокǿ֮Ҫ࿴ʵҲǳ棬һѪˣһ˵ζ

׹˻ζˣ
壬ٶȶȻʮֹ
һѹ֮ʣ׾һת
һ˺󷽣ٶȶ޷ð˷Ӧ
Ű۵һһֻѪִӺ󱳣ץţһű˴һȦ࣬ץ˲ըѡ
һ
һ
˾һ˼æɱ¿ͬ鱻Ѫɱ󴸣Ѫͷ­
ѪӰһΣͨһ
󴸸ո£˾ˡ֣ѪǴָ£ֵء
һ֣
ǿɵһգۼ䣬Լⷽǿ߱Ѫնɱ
ǳɱ٨ǿߺʱܵ˼̤
ÿȫͷͨӡɱһɻɱ֮ΧɱѪˡ
ۣ
Ѫ˷·˴֮
˲Ϣɰˣոɱֲƣͷ­ȻƾһѪɫ벱ӷ롣
ɼİˣζӦøǣ
ͷͻȻѪӰץס
ץͷſھͿʼҧǣԼѪڡڵڡ
ء
ʣɰ˸֣ʼתߡ
ζӦҲɣ
Ѫ˼ڣʬ¸ץһŽɫӡ
𵤣
ϧˣܵҲûͨǰѪһڽȥ
ʲôܳԵ
ͳ죬ǡǸǶְ
ɰ˶ףˡ

ΪǿҲѪ̫죬ɱɶֻҪһУҲûаնԸ
ֲ٨̣һдɱǿµȫû
ͲٳȥһҪǵѪ
٨ǿҲȥΧɱ桢ͨǸովۼһû뵽Ѫƾճ֣Сһ·һͨˡ
һ٨ǿߣŵòᣬѪסȥ·ͳŭХ٨ΪУ
٨壿һСС䣿Ѫû飬ǿնаͫһӲ
˰Ȼ̧ͷ٨Ǻɽǿ֮һǵǣɽΪУ٨ʮǿߣС䣬Ҳ򾫱ǿɽа۱
Ѫ˺Ȼֹ۱ɽ䣬˼δʲôɽ䣬ҶԣǾһȺӽˣԶΪū࣡
Һɽ䣿
治֪ʲôɽ䣡
һ֪ɻʥţԼڰ֮ԨǺɽǱɻʥŻҪǿĴڣ
ɻʥţҲû˵
㡭
ʱ䲻࣬ҪѪҲܼȥһɣѪ˺Ȼ˹
ɱ
̲סŭʮǿһͬɱ
ߣѪֲ̫ˣ
˫Ҫ֣ͨ
Ƿ𵴣˶Χ֮ʣͨϽԨȥ
ʱʱ󷽣Ѫ֮Уһǿͷɣ屻նΡ
̫ǿˣ
ѪչֳʵѾýȥ
ˣƺûг·
Ϣ֮
ǰ¾ڣûκһڡ
ֻԨȥмԨѷ죬Ҳǲǳ·һͷһ


1639 Ѫ˺
ɹҲѷ죬ֻа׹ǣʮǲ·ֻиѷ졣
ǰߣǺģ
ͻȻǸѪ˻ƵشӺ󷽴
˶תһʲôѪˡ
ϽѡһѷȻǷɳͻȻ´һը
䣬ʯɣһѪӰǿдʯзɳֱǰƯš
Ѫˣ
ͨ˺󼸲ܽʯ飿⡢˵ǽɣǸҲ޷ˣҡһˣ
ֶεȷĴڣˣҲܾҲȫһ
һɨѪˣ氵׼ֶΣһս
ѪִһһǸ֮ͷаһƬԨش
˻ЦһɣһɣǲܸҴϧע޷ţ
ˣ
ǰѪˣû·
·ѪӲʯ飬Ҳ޷Ѫǰߡ
ͨѾԤеֻ֣ڴпѪ˰취
ɱһֲʱ̴߶ɽеȴʱûзӣʱֻӲͷƤˡ
ӭѪˣɽʱ߶Ƥ«Ҳ׼ĿǰӵзС
ֻҪһ䲻⣬һܻɱѪˣ
Ѫ˼ڣһվǰ˼

ٶȴﵽ£Ѫ˻ʮɣɱ
һɰԵΪ߽ɱѪˡ
Ѫ˲ûܣεǶ֣ͨȻûͷκͨӡָֻ
䣡
Ѫƣ飬˿Ҳ޷ѪǴ֡
ȥ
ʩչƿɲΪɱˣֻΪڲɱаˡ
ƱССѪ飬СԽΪڻ濴׼ѪƣͻȻ󱬷

СһԽ
ţ
ѪƺĳֲԾſһʯɱǰžһײ
һѪ˾С˼
СȻûԸһ㣬ɱýˣֱӱֻѪ˼
ѪϿ˺ۼ·С֣Ѫ˶ԣֻһǿߡ
ˡԶͨҲ°͡
Ƿǳ֪СǶôԵɱﵣλɱɣһξȻû˵Ѫˡ
ʯ񡭡
Ѫ˵ˣֻѪǵϣʲô飺Ϲ֮ɱһֿܣƷ⣬ϧֻܴ߶һȫܴ߷ңû뵽һɣرǲⰲţһӵǱӣ
ܿС񲻷Ѫ˽СԱߣҲΪ𺳡
óѪˣƺʲôҲʲô֡
һܿС񲻷
ֻܴܿ߶Сһ
Ѫǿն˫ͫлȼգܾûиҾϲһܴ߶屦Ȼڳ˵ĳִУѪĳһַ
氵߶С׼޴󻯣ҲɻʣҲǴɣ
˭˵Ǵ
Ѫ˷ʣĪΧһСҾˣֻ˯ˡѪȥˣ
㲻˲ɣ
ˣɣǵˣҲɣҪǰõһ𰸣Խҵһˣһˣ
ˣˣܣȻ㲻˵ֻƴһ
ҽͽӶɱڴˣ帴գҲһǿУѪһǿ󡣡
ѪͻȻ˳ɭɭЦ
䣡
Сһ̾޴󻯣Ϊʮɡɣ
޴ͬʱ£ñ۰ѹѪˡ
飡
Ϊ˾޴֮Ѫ˼ھǰ̼һѪ޷
ǾޱɱѪͷϲ񣬾һֲ
Ѫǿ󣬲Ҳˡ
һ䣬ѪֻǱɰˣѪɫͷһ˺ҲûС
վھ˼йһΪʲô̲סھΪαȵؽɱΪӲ
Ѫס壬ȻûͷͨһͨˣؽɱʥɱӲȣҲҹᲢۣһСˣȻ֪жôǿ󣡡
һһǿ˾ͷ
˵Ҳˣֻһˣ
ȥ
ͷΪһ塣
ʱڴﵽ۷߶ȣɾ޴վڼ򣬸Ѫ˾翴һֻСϡ
һƴɱ˺֣֮Ѫˡ
þûҶˣˣû뵽ٴʩչʵģɽЩɣֻһɣ
ѪһԾûκƣɡǽɡ
磡
ֻ΢΢аϢɱϰգȻָɽһľƣɱһ


1640 һ֮
һξһƣδѪķɣѪС壬Ȼ潻档
̫𺳣Ϊءǿ
һָоƾƺռһ˿ƣ޷ѹСѪˡ
Ѫʲôģ
ȻȵʩչͨҾ񿹺⣬⸱Ǽܣᱻ˺飡
ͨ⸱ƿǳؽʯ

Ѫ֮󣬱ѹ

һɭɭܵƣ·ٵضһ̤Ѫˡ

һźε
Ѫȴֻ֣һӣǿƵסš
ֲ̫Ѫ˵ס˴ҲѪΧռ飬ִ˺ѡ
⻹ɽ磬һμɽռѿû뵽Ѫε
һţģκν飬һڵؽ۷ɽҲܲסһ
ˣѪͻȻһȭھ˽ŵװ壬ʧȥƽ⡣
Ѫ˿ߴ棺һԶɱ֮飬ǳԶŴ֣֮

澪һ麹浣ĸղž񣬻ᱻѪ
һѪˣһֻҲȭͷȥ
ײȻûнѪһ˫Ѫֻ飬ԷѪǾҲĳɱ
ˣҪҪ͵Ϯʮν֣˫޷κζԷͨԶǳż
ʵ̫ǿȻᱻһնɱڻţδʩչκͨƣֻԸǿ̶󣬹Ѫ֮鴫УҲδشﵽָ߶ȣһ㣬һ
ͨ򲻿ɱ
þһδǿѪɱǺ¡¡·ҪΧ¶
ˡ
־㣡
޷֧Ԫƾ񣬶֮ǰ١
Ѫ˷־ٶֱӵžȲͷ
һɱգǱѪ˵ס
ٵԶӦ尡ɱ㣬·ҿĩաѪͻȻӿٶȣԾץָ
ݣ
Ҳ׼
ֻ͵ת˳ɽ
ͣ
Ǳ䣬ɽǽѪִĴָննұۣ۰Ҳɽն
Ѫ׹Ԩ

ֻһƣϷԾһȭʧȥұ۵Ѫǣһνȥ
ߣ
ֻͨһϮͷŽƾס档
ʧҲͨߣ˿
Ȼɱ̫ˡ
ɽȻ޼᲻ݣնѪ˹Ź塣
ǼϾһ޷ɱѪˣ֮ǰ뵽ֿܣ滹ǱѪǿ̶ȶ𺳡
֮УѪץסԼұۣ
ȥʧȥұ⣬ûκƣԾٶ˲佫ͨսס
նͫȴⱦɽɽû뵽ˮ֮ɽһС
桢ͨߣ
Ѫ˾£帴䣬ϣʧɽ
ӡ
֮ͨٶߣķӳȥ
˿󷽣֮ǰϡܼѪӰӣԷû׷
ĪǾһûлѪˣȴˣ
ֻɽұն˶޷׷
ҲҪӳȥ
ˣѪǿӡһ㣬ͷʱӳȥǾԶûлˡ
ʱʱ󷽣ûѪӰӣ˼ѿ׹֮ϣͨԨڡ
֮·׹ʬѣȻһа񺮷磬Ѫһұۣܾߣ
ôϢǰ
ǵٶȣͨ׳ư͡
ӵطҳڣȲѣۿӳȥˣû뵽ĵ黹Ƿ
ֻԨٴȥҲ׼ɽٴѪһս

ѪٶȳԽʮϣ
Խֽȥ·סûұۣǴӵĹ
û취ͨһȥѪʱʱΧأںһè׽Ϸ
ˣ㿴֮£ǲһڣ
ҲٴξˣۿűѪ׷Ųţûг·ͨǰ¾ͷ׹Ƕ֮һĿӡ
Ҳ¶һݾΥϲǸʯˣȥ˵˽ڷˣ
Ѫں׷ɱƺⲻ̫콫նɱҪ˱Ƶûȥ·Լʧȥ˾Լεǿ
ͨԽ׹ǣ˴˿һۣһЦݡ
ǰʯƺһͨףͨһɷѪâڷԴΪۻٶȡ

ڿѪҾ룬ԼĪϢ桢ͨʯ
С񡭡
ʯ֮Уûʱ俼ǣСʹǰΪɸ߾ˣһƽһΧʯ


1641 Ǳ
¡¡
ڶʱʯһ˲佫
ֽ󷽼ͨҲϣֹѪ˽ʵҲףҲֻѪٶܵƣǲʯ赲֮ǰǴҲ㡣
ʯˣСͨ۵ÿſ£ϽɡѪΪҲ˼ɰһţѪָ
˵һᣬȻΧʲôĪѪ޷ʯ
ˣ
ͨ̿ˮĪʯûг·ţ֮ɱ
˵ˣǿҿûڣѪ˿ԵȣǵȲ
һļϣתʯȥ
ϲüչʯԼԽʱʱһЩ׹ǣʯϢаѪ˷ǳơ
ﲻһʯ˵г·
ͨɻ󣺡ˣŵûУһɵ㣬洫
øӦϸӦȻʯϢ֮Уһ㣬ˣƺһַ
һʱľ
ƹһǰһʯߣΧѷŸָɱռָǲرռ䡣
ʯϣһЩӡӡż˲ιм걦ҩԼʮϧ
ΰɣͨ°Ͷ쾪õȻʯһرռ䡣
֮Уֻ¶΢΢⣺ȻΣʯѪڰ׹ǶѲԶôɱռָӦþЩģѪռڴˣ𽥳ΪһӴռ䣬Щ˲ιҩﶼϱѪҪԺ
̰ͨЦǱ׷ɱƵģѪǹû׷֪ͷûг·ˣǽЩ˲ιҩˣȥѰҳ·
ɱ͹˲ˣȡЩ汻Щ˲ιҩ
ЩʵٶȺεȿֲ
նǿһӡǰ淢Щӡܼ򵥣һǳǿ֮֡
ѪǰǿΪЩӡҲֻɸ߶ȰˣٴζѪ˸е桢ѽ⡣
¡һͨͽ˲ιâӡ飬һ˲ιǰСƯڰգ̫ˣ
˲ιζˬΪ֮һΪɵͨҲˡ
Ƥ«
챦˶֮Ͱ
һ㱦ｫռ䣬˲ιȱӡռָʧ

Ƥ«ӿâｫһſ˲ιɡ
ֽͨӡ飬â˲ͽ걦ҩУȥȡʮ鱦
ּͨȻһˣ潫Ƥ«˾Ȼһڴ󶦣Լһ
ˣڴ󶦸оٺ٣оƵģͨæ󱦱ռָ
ߣ
˲Լͬ˲ɱܽЩɱߣɳκһ
ϧѪ˵̣Ҫ
ʯ˼ӿٶԽһʮʯγѷ죬ƺг·
ӳʮѷ죬ѡһнһЩԨ
׹ҲˣҲ׹ǡ
ԼĪɳʮҲûѷԨʱԨ֮Уͨٶȷǰһ˵´Ԩĸӣá
Ԩַּѷ죬ٽһѷ֮ٶȳ֮ǰǹɿ־ҲӰ
ȷӳԶ˿ֽһ˶´ԨѡˡС
ͨһɸӦ󷨣ɷʯֵһ˲һʯѨ֮УΧԨ
ܿһʬΪѪ濪ʼżɣͨҪɽɾ
£ơĶѻָٶȾˡ
ó걦ҩֻһţͷֱ֮ǰɳĮ֮еõ걦ҩҪ漸
ͨȲűҩˣ걦ҩƴʮϰóȥɶ޷ӵУ
潥ͷɻձҩһЩžž֨֨ʬ壬ϱҩ֮Ӧÿ֮ںϣ
ҳΪɣͿԶԴ߶컯ɽѪħϣܶͨʬ壬ľƾ
ҿʼֱձҩҩǳǿɡʬ徫ʵ֪ٱѪ˻ǣʵǿб
һ걦ҩ
ϲ£ҩһЩǱ䣬桢ͨҲ
һԪѴﵽ۷壬ɱҩҩɻ£ͷκλǡ
˴߶컯ʼһ˿˿ҩâ
ҪڻƵģҩںϣԼ磬ѪգͨԪҲҷա
ͣ
죡
ͷðһɽҪͻư
ͻƣһЩҩѹͻƷվűҩ
ͨҲڿʼճħ𣬶ǽɿֲҪƳ֮⡣


1642 ͻɾ
һÿһǳ֮Լ䣬֮УܿһֻֻѪӰ
ͨ࣬ƣ֪ԺΪεȴڣܼͨԦ컯˵ӦҲںϣǱҩɾá
ҲԿʼͻˣ̤죬ҩ֮һΣһ걦ҩü磬нɡʬ徫
һԾ
ͷһ磬ɲͷѹ
ͣ
գ۴ͷ˫ֲͫ
֯¡¡ըҲȼն𣬺ܿ컯ΪѪ״̬
ڼѪɫٻڷգ֮Уѵ˷壬ٵѪ׷ɱʱҲʲô˼£簲ɱ䡣
Ѫ׷ɱˣһ
һͽˣӭͬʱҩǰͨձҩ֮
죬ѪΪѪձҩ
ͽˡ
죡
鿴һزѪѪҲɱһЩͨԪĵ¸Ϊʵ˲ҲһϢѪɫҲˡ
ڹ˲仯Ҳȥ鿴̤ʵɱ٣ʬ壬ɾϱҩ֮Ҫͻһ硣
ʱͨҲſ˫ۣˣ֮ںϣҾǽɣһΪʩչ컯ǳɣֻǻһЩʽûգĹþͻһ磡
죡
ڽ֮УСֻеȣЩƽɣһһߡ

ͨ˸߲ҵػ
һ󶦣ϸϸ鿴ڱϢӣ·ħȦಭ׽ɽϢ
üͷĪһڹ
㲻ǹˣڱҲӦһйʱɱƷۼƷ֮ϵ۽ɱ
ͨЦǺǣǳ⣺ʥ۷屦ԸκνɣҶˣ
Ѫı֪һǴռ䣡
ֿû뵽ҲǷǳ߼Ĵڣ֮ǰõǸҪ߼ʮֹ
ͨǷˣõ㹻£һɣȥﶼϱ
һձҩһɽѪ뷨ʼںϡ
Ԭһڽ޷ɣ̫߼ˣŽ𵤸㣬ɾںϣ
һץҴСɫӡ
𵤣
ͨЦǺǵ£ΪҶ࣬ҽ컯Ѫħ͸һκҲ⣡
ֵõ˵̣
˴ձҩҩʿͻơϴõıһ걦ҩʵʱ
ͣ
һɽɽȻͨͷ
ˣҲҪͻˣ֮֮ǰˣΪʹﵽ۷壬Ҽˣ
ͨȥ֮⣬ڽɶ֮пʼͻơ
˲ιǿǱȱҩĴڣҩ꣬һ󣬻һ꣡
ʣţʩչ컯
һ£ͨͻƻ̤죬ͷųһֻֻѪ
ѪǰһˣСƵģֻ㼸ʱһġ
Ѫ֮󣬿ʼΧؾԼҩһٶ
е
̤䣬ѪҲڷһʩչ
ߣʵɱ䣬ܶҲɽó
꣡
ͣ
ɡɡҩ£Ѫʱʱ̿ɾںϣֱ
ɰ죡
ͻٶȱ֮ǰֿ첻٣죬ͽˣֻһʱ䣬ȫ죬
ͨӭϲͻһ磬¹໹ͻһ磬ʬ嶼챻һˣûнɾһ걦ҩҲɸɾҪͻƾͺѣ
Ҵһ걦ҩԲҪ걦ҩֱɣͻƣ
Ҳ˺ģ걦ҩǸ߼ҩǽɣҲԽ
οɣһͽλɣ
ʲôˣѪˡɽ˲ɡɡҩԪɱ䡣
Ϊ̤ɰ죬̫࣬Ҳɸ߽λһʵȻˣ١
ʱ䡣
ͣ
·˯һ棬ͻȻѡ
԰⣬¶Цݣ֮ǰ̤죬̫֮ˣҪͻƣ뱦ҩҲкܴϵ֮ǰɱҩɱܿ죬ǳʱɱҩھӦҩҩ١
ͻˣ
״̬£ѪⶼڱըǼ궼ɸ־һͻƽ֮ڳϣڿֲըѪѪͨԪ


1643 
û뵽һͻƾ죬˾ЧϾһ磡
ʹԨ޷԰Ρ
ֻҧؿѪ⣬һ㷢顣
֮Žӭͨǰһ걦ҩһա
óڶ걦ҩʼɣ
ɱҩɡҲʼɰ죬쿪ʼɱ䣡
ɱ̾һ㣬ҩ֮κξ֮ڶʱںϡ
һ֮
ɾ죡
һ磬ҲҪԴԼϿ޷ͻƣصǳɣ
˿ͬΪɣͳΪɽ֮Уһˡ
ɣˣ
һͨٴα
ҲҪͻˣͻƽ졣
ҩҩȻýͻҲ˾ˡ
㹻ӴҲ㹻䣬ҪͻҲܣ̤ɾɴ٣ȥ½ͻƣȻˣһʱ䣬רע󹦷ͨԼһںϣ
ӦҪͻɣҪڶ걦ҩһգҲҪһʱ䡣
صڵ޷ɽ١
ﵽһˮȻ״̬ʼ־Сǧ컯Ϊ
Ѫ߲ԪȭͨҲһںϡ
̤ɾ죬üͨ첻٣ﵽɣ޷ɽʩչֶΣ
ҩ֮Уһӱҩ֮ͷųȫűҩڻ
ϧԬʬ壬⼸һգǱͨɴ󲿷֣һˣ
ͨδ̤죬ûн֮ɣŽɽ𵤣ʣʬ廹мߣҲ̫࣬ͨɣʬ
ҩ꣬˲ιţЩɲɣҪ׶ɣ
ǰڶ걦ҩɣƾܴﵽɾ۷壬ص½ؾҸطȶɽ˵̤ɸɽðգ
鿴ȫ壬٨壬ΪǿѪˡ
֣ǻŹˣʵҲ֮ǰ̫ࡣ
Ѫ˾Ȼûɱ̫ˣĪһնұۣ˲û׷ˣͻȻ뵽ںϾռһǰܣھ翴һĶɱ
ˡѪˣи־޹֣оѪ뵱ʱЩˣƺЩƣλǰᵽǳս֮ѪΪѪ壬ûᵽ
뵽ѪˣЩ£
Ȼһ棬ǵںϾʱھڲ֮Уһ´ս
濴֮ǰǸѪˣʲôϵɣ
̫ˣ
ѪҲһǿ߰ˣ֮пЩɱ棬ǺܾǰʱѪйϵ̫ʵ
ˣ
ԼĪ꣬ͨڻˣ
ͻƳɹ
ӽ̤쾳磬ӴҲһ߽λɣһʱ䣬ʵȻǿ
ͨƼԪڲ
οҩһҩһʣҩڣﵽ߶ȣ뿪Ԩȥ棬ʱҪҸطɽ٣̤ɣ
лˣҩʣҩҲҴﵽһʵѰٱ£̤ǧʱ䣬ҩ̤֮죬мʵﵽ״̬˼ꡢ갡
ҩ
ͨ쳣֪жô
ȥ
ռ䣬Ԩָ֪ʮ꣡
ʮ̤죬һ֮ң
ͨҩֱڣѰҳ·
Ĵʱ䣬뿪棬ΧããһƬֺ񷶼Ǻ޷֪λ
ˣͼҲûãҲǳʧ򣡡ƯڰգΧֺɽһʱ䲻֪
ҪɽҪһɽȣûʵȥɽҲûãַȺɽ֮С
ˣɴҲɴٲ࣬һҲؽһشٱƣڶؾ׽ϴҪס٣ܶؾ־У
ѰһȺɽ֮ڣպһɽȣڲһԨ
ͨһ沼ýɴһ潻ţɴٷ
ɴûжٲ֮ͬΨһɴٸΪֲ̤ɲһǿߣɽԶӣڽ¡
ʯɷúöɽٴѪûɱҩ˲ι֮챦
Щرɶɾ粻ȥɣ̤ɾ
ֱ֮󣬾ﱸ濪ʼͷڰ̷ն
ͨڴ֮ȴţκɱֵõһǿʥ۷屦ƽˣҲһ
ܲͺѹѹĺ߿գγһںڴɽ
׵硢зڣŭҪԵ


1644 ɴ
ϷճٻѪ𣬺ܿһشٳˣֲٻÿһһﳤ
ͨԶˣҪİǵǴɴ٣ֻɣ
ɴٰˣҲֻ
浭һЦ˵ɾ죬ʵ죬Ըٲʲô
ûȵһؽٻɱǷ潫յûͨ
䣡
һȭɱΪȭ
ûжڶִ඼ԴȭĹѧͨԶྫƾɱűɱµ
ٻ˲ըѣ˻ɽ緢
ŵڶؽٻҲˣףͱһָƾĵķѣƬ׹⣬һʱɽȣʮһ붼ڷա
ʵ̫ˣֶɽٷʽȫǴٶԸٲڽ£
пһУͨһֱ֮С
ʮϢһٻٶ顣
׳ˣһһնпˡ
һ׽ٷ·Χʮ׵ںΪһ壬Ϊ׵һ׹ⳤǹѸʹء
ͣ
׹ͷת
׵翪ʼƤٷ˿ҲˣѪø֮͸淢Ѫ
Ϊ׽ǿɱڣƤѪ⣬жϲپѪ֮ݺᣬһЩѪǶʼ顣
Ǵٿ֮ס׵ڱߣնɽʧܡ
汾Ϊʹ֪࣬£æһ˲һ߲ԪҲΪ߲׹⣬Ѫ룬˲ظ׾Ȼˡ
߲Ԫ׽٣
ţһ󾪺Լǲλá
Ͼ׽ŰԵؼȻ֮УΪֲ֮һɶɽ׵ϴ裬޷֣ձ׽ٻ顣
治û£߲ԪɽЩ׽١
ɱ׽٣ֱӱ߲Ԫ˲󣬵ոˡ
޷ͣ
죬׽ٲŹ⻷ɢȥΧȴȻпֲ׽緢
֪׽߲֮Ԫʲô仯һˣ־
ţɵҩǽ÷ֵ֮١
ûΪ廹ûеޣشҲδƳޡ
һϣﵽޣͨ飬һ̤ɣɱ䡣
ˣû뵽ɴǰСҼƵģش׾͹ˣҪֹ֪һ֮ѪΪ
дͨ̾Ϣ
Ҿһ㣬ʲôϴŶЦݡ
ͥټɽ֮Уٵɡľ磬ǲΪɣΪ֮ǵȴɣֻҪΪɣͿȥκһӣҲ㡣
˶и׷ֻ˵󲿷˶侲֪Լʺʲô
˲Ϊߣݹͥĸ˶ɽ٣
ΪͨΣڷɸִ챦ں쳾һⷬ
ȶ˿ǲԾ̫εԣֵһᡣ
Ծŷ
һشˣ
־ɴ֮Угǧս֮һˣ̺Ԫ̫ˣ޷
Ԫڲ޷ɹ֮¼֣޷Խ٣³ֻܳΪһɢްˣ
ǰѲ٣ȼվӣ
ǼԦսɱԽԽ˲佫ûսΧɱ
ЩƷͷüģӿԪ
Ԫ
ûͨԪ񣬹µں֮УΨʯԶš

Ԫ˳սͨԪɱЩվ˽б׳һʱ춼ǱɱҪͨԪġ
ɽڣЦЦ쳾٣
˫ͷƣϹĵ·յ档
䣡
ɱзջ棬ͱĵԪճƬ״˿߻ҽƻǴɽХ𵴣ͨԪ񣬾ʱʱ̿̿Ҫ顣
սΧɱֹƣΪĵ·֮ѹֱһ˻Ϊҧ
һĻںϾ񣬿ǿս
˻Ϊãһ뵽Ӿ￴ЩԶɱ档
ĵһԶ롢ճģӳΧջ棬Щͷɱյͱ
ĵ±棬ɮ붨ЩøΪһжλãʵ
ͨԪڿʼήң޷֣޶ԣֱģҲδ߶Сǧ
ԼĿǰԪΪȫʵ
ǰǰǧιЩսþ飬ٴʧ
ˣ
뱾ɲںϣ
˫ۿΧΧսٻҲȻǷǳ£Ѿов


1645 ӡ
žžž
ʼ飬֮Уͷһɴ֣֮Ϊˡ
֮У淢֮ȫÿ䣬ÿһûзŹ

ɽЩ⣬ɽ£һȥܿһĽ
ֻǳһֹͣˣ⽣в⣬ٿȥ΢΢һЩơ
濴ɽɱһЩֻ΢΢ɱ䣬һֽơ
ŵģ漤޷ףΪΣɽ̤֮Ϊɣɴ֮ȻɽʧһЩ

Ȼ벻ףһ
ս˻ӦҲ֪𰸣Ҹɲܻش㣬ʼǿܣв̫˽⣡
Ȼ֪
ִӰ̤ɣܸоսҲںϣɾʼУϣ޵࣬ͫȭͨ
ͫ
ȭ
ӡǣ
ⶼĴڣ
ɴȫ黹ڳɾųһ̱
ɽ淢ɫʯˡƤ«ʯ׽ɴ֮£һЩ仯Ƥ«ʯɽɫ仯ġ
ֻ濪ʼںһ˿˿ˣΪصʯףҲֻɴ£΢΢Щζɼ
˫㡭
һѪ֮˶
ѪϿռ䣬㣬ƽʱӿ켸ٶȣɴζ
һɻɫʰϢ˫֮΢΢ͷţѪ㻺ںϡ
û뵽̤һ̣зһЩ仯ɾȻڲͬ
˫㣬һָо̤ɾԴ߶Ϊص˫Ҳܴ߶Ƶġ
죬ɴŽ
״̬ͷնңڴ֮Уսٻܡ
žž
ѪǡѪɴ֮Ѫ֮һΪѪ
Ҳʩչɲ˰ɣζӤոճ۰ִѪɫ
֮ҲѪۣƤ覣һͷڷŰ
Ҳڽȥ
ɹ̤ɣ
ӴԺһһʿκͥɹ

ЩǳΪ֮ʩչɲͨԪӡǵȵֶΡ
Ϊδһɳȣӿƣ
һȫճϢ˲ӿ˫֣
æһǿһ㣬ֿҲһ·˫֡
ֽѪһûѪϿռ֮лζͷһɻɫ˿˿ϢΧѪںϡ
Ϊ˫ֶһ㣿
˫Ϊ㣬ʼһȡ
ϸϸ۲죬ͬӡһ㣬ӡ˫֣һһĳӡǡ
ӡ򵥣һ˫ӡ֮Уоһ
ӡǿԱ˫۴Խȡ
Ԧ˫ƣɾ·գȻӡǸͷһɻ޹âǰȻȻγɾ籩
籩γֱ֮ӿƣӡǴɣ֮󣬴ӡ֮дϢͬʱ͸˫֮У
ԭӡǾ
˫ӡȻٶȿ޷ݣɲѪɫ໹Ҫˡ
ҪӡںϣӴ˫ӡǳΪֲֶΣ
ӡȻйȣʹ·˫ƶգż鷴߶
ӡǵȡ֣ѪһѪӡٷ֮һԺͽ㡮ӡ
ӡ
Ҫ߶˫ӡǣضˡ
ѪԺþͲˣǿԵƣӡɣٿ仯
ոմ̤ΪɣδӦ֮壬ȱ˫ӡĳ֣ŪøһС
˲䣬ľѪѪͻѪѪһƬγһѪף
ѪףҲԵֵ󲿷ֹƣ˵κɹѪ׷
ྭˣǰЩΪ䣬̤֮󣬲Щϸ΢ֳһ֣ĻɾҪһδЩ羭ȫͷ
һҲǳοɽңһȫΪʯǰ㾧ȣҲһЩۣܴӵ֮иоǰֹϢ޼ǾѪħȵȡ


1646 Ȫ
ˡ
˲ؿռԪûУǳտʵһ
ǰ̬ΪһԲΣоβںһ𣬺һ硣
̬󣬾;أ绯Ϊ״̬ҪŪ¸ѣ
۲ãӻ֮УоںȻҲӦɽرԴϢ
ɿʼӦҲ緲һʩչȻں˰ɣս֮У
ڷ磬ʩչӡ֣
ɽһֱԴ߶Ϊɡ޷߶
ֽڲһ
Ѫɫʱһסˡ
ѪɫǵҮʺƣγһ֣˶ӵе츳ڲӵиֱ̬Žǡսġɽ󵶵ȵͨ
Ѫɫ໯ΪɫΪһƬԲλ磬֮УƯһ𻢡˫㡢ΧǰϤսġŽǡ߲׵硣
ΪɫѪɫҲΪ編࣬о̤ɱ仯ʵ̫ˣ
ɱ䣡
οһɱ䣬˫ӡ˲γɻ򣬶ѪɫҲɱΪ編ࡣ
طҲɭҲһֽɫְĵĹâ߲ԪѪ⡢ںϣΡΡ̬Ҳв١
˲һɱ𻢴ﵽʮڲȻѪڷգòϢ
ڲҲһЩһЩΪӴ
֮УԪҲһ˲ؿռҲһһЩѪռ֣ɾУЩԲռ䱻Ԫռ͸Ϊ䡣
ͨԪĵ£ҲΪʵˣʱʱ̿΢΢գһɫ泤ۣ
ͨԪһָоʯ
ˣһ췭ظı仯ɣ
һЦع飬ں֮ΧʮٴϢҲʧɸɾ
ϲ˳Ϊɣ
ͨͨһǰ£Ҹо˳Ϊɣ·һһ㣡
̤ҵһĿ꣬ҲɽһθоɺԺأݺͥκνǿߡվǱ
ץһ걦ҩͨʼɡ
֮ͨǰڶ걦ҩʣһգʵѾﵽ۷ز
һɵ걦ҩʵֻ
̤ɣҪԴ
ɵ걦ҩ֮ǴƷ鵤ɲǰʵҩһξʮţټѪϣܿڳ
óʯþعһ̣̤ɣ־ڣȻٶȾˣ޿ƥС
һѣҩѪ鵤Դ
ﵽһ״ֿ̬ʼ뷨ںϡ
ɽ޷ںϣֻһ˿˿ơ
Ƥ«ںϣոսϢ«ںϣû뵽«ͷžâ
ں«ײ֣
Ȫ
ǻƤ«֣
Ȫð֡
õɺ꣬δɺںϣֻںһɵɣһ̤ɣƤ«ںϣͳֱ仯
ʵԾ
һ󣬲Žɺռ䣬һɲǼ䣬Կ󣬵޷ڲ
ȻֻɺռΧ޷ȥڲ룬ȪĲ
̤ɿںɣҪ߶Ȫ̤ɾ磬ʱںĳɡɣƾͷŻȪһЩ
Ƥ«仯Ȼˣʼջ޷߶
ɲУֻܵȴ̤֮ɡ
ʯںϣһɶ޷ںϣʯͷһ˿˿ں֮У֮ǰһ
з֮Уֻ㡢Ȫɽ仯󣬿ϧ󷨱޷߶
ĺܳʱҲ޷෨֮УõΪϲջ
ֻͨ
ȾǴ߶ɲͨ棬˲̤һѪ𱬷ͻΪɶѪ״̬
ֿѪ֮⻯Ϊ壡
ͨôβŵˣ㽫Ѫħ컯˵ز
ܽѪħ컯ȥԺҲܴﵽ״̬಻̫󣡡
ɲţʱҷգʱΪһƬѪУǻΪѪӳ
һЩʯ鵤ֱУֱӾͱѪиˣ˶컯ӡࡣ
ɲľ֪Ѫһȣδ˭ǿ󣬵ӷУǧӵе
£㻯Ϊ壬ֿʼ߲Ԫ
ͣ
߲Ԫ߶һ߲ˣһ߲׵Χơ
߳
ָһ㣬һ߳һ߲Ԫָڰһʯϡ
ɴʯը
߲ϵͨκɣɱ̫ˣǰ޴һʯס׵һͨɵˣ


1647 
ҿԸʯΣ
ȻʯʲôҲͿȵؽͨɱӲȡ
ʯͲһˣӲȻʯʮʮ
ץһƷʯ߲Ԫ߳һ棬ʯžžըΪ촷ۡ
ٴץһƷʯȻһͽʯ飬ǴһƷʯ
ƷʯڽжǱ
ͣ
¡
һƷʯҲ߲Ԫ£ΪķݣȻ߲Ԫ뿪ˣԲ֮ǰʯǰ顣
ͨˣƷʯѾȵؽƷɱˣ߲ԪһԻؽ״󲿷ɱ۷ɱܺؽɱס߲Ԫһָ
߲֮ԪȫںϣΪһ־Ҳǳ档
ʩչﵽɸ߶ȡ
Сǧĵ·ճ̫ˡ
߶־ȫ߲ԪǶ컯ɫһֻɫɫ
ȭһʽӦÿǿ߶
ӡǣȫΪͻ״̬һɡ
ˣðͨһӡǻΪĽͻɵ˺
ʩչɷҿһȭﵽεͨͷųһ
һâΪϣ¡
ӡ״̬£屻ͻȭķ
䣡
һȭɱȥͽͨͷųâϣķѡ
һܴﵽ߶ȣͨһںͷһϡ

ӿһѪȫͣڲȭһʽ
ɱ
֮ͻ״̬ɱһƹƣûͨͷţֻƾˡ
ֻ¡ըѣһͨ죬ﵽɸ߽λϣһȭɱһѪɫƾһͻϣ˲ѿˡ
ɱһʽܼһ̷·Ϊ֮һսȫѪ
Ƭ֮ͨŵɫ԰ף֧֧ˣһ̫ˣϴ飬ûͷκͨ⡢Ǻεͨ
ƽƤѪ״̬ʩչȭڷգѧ֮ͨ
ѧǲǴ˵֮еĴ𣿶òʵſٵЩ棬ȭͷ֮ƻ磬˺»ǺӣſѧֻΪ˵ˣû뵽Ĵڣ
ܿ磬鷱Ϣֱγ˵ѧͨһҲѷɫֻ̫࣬ҪƾʩչͨΪ鷳˵ͨķҪΪϣѧڼӿֻвϷա
ԭѧ˶ġ
ͨ˼ղٶʡ
ȭһʽǿǿգʩչҪܳʱĥϣ֪ͫжѣ
ӡӵѧȭ淴꣬ţ
һѧͨͫӿʼо;
ŹǿģѧҪ˫ͫҲ
ΪĪģκһ֣޾ѪϡоǴͨЩѪϣһķȥԾͨ
ͫҪ֮УٳһΪϸ΢СѪٿ֮ѪѪͫ
ʼͫطںϣҲò
ǣɱڰ磬ЩǺ֮Уûйֻкڰʩչͫ˲䣬ͿԿڰںڰ֮ߣɱڰ壬ͫǳǿ֮󣬲֪ãɾɿʼ¿ͷѣͫ͵ԼǷ˰ɣͷʼ򣡡

ûкýˣ
ֻܿԼͨﵽɸ߶ȣͫȷʱˡ
þӦԼӿ˫֮ͫҲ磬̫ϸֻ̫бһЩϸ΢磬ƾЩȻ޷ͫΪ̫٣̣޷
γֻ֮оҪѪըѣĪҪǿþΪΪ֣ǿг޷ƣὫ˫۶ˣѪʱΪϹӣҪָ⣬ǿ߰ϴ˫ָܻͫ
𣿡
֮ͫи鷳
С߶ӿ֮Уⲿ֮ǰֱӹڲ򶼿ը
һ̣оԼʧˣӿһ˿˿֮УҲ̡;𵴡
һδسΧѪ޷أƵԸپһѪ֮С
翴棬˫ͫһ̲ǳˣѪɫ״̬ںһֽɫ磬ʲô˫۸ɱƵġ
ֻ꣬мϴɾ΢΢мپ
һۣͨͻƽ죬һӻ
ֹͣͫʱԿֺ֮Щֲںϡ


1648 ɻʥ
ͫȻޱȼѣŹѧɽݺֽһŰԵֶΡ
Ҳ֪˫ٴΣ
ͨ˳̤죬걦ҩʣһҲ¡
޲ˣȫӦʱȥɽ¡ϣ
ʰһܿ뵽ѹѹֺ֮С
Ѱһ֮ѹͨʣ֪λٶԱȵͼɽֻа
ԭ֪ѿɽΧԾٶԽʮоԽ˺ܡ
ˣ
һƽԭһɽ
ͨԽΪ˲Ӧɽ֮УϢֹˣϰˡ
ΧƽԭҲһЩˡϢΪ˽ɽҲԼ¹ȡϵ
ϧûлӦɽ嫣ָӣ̺յأƿ˫п໥Ӧ
ɽڲΧûѲߣһ󷨣֮һˣǼϢ
ЩӦԼۼҲֻطϢһɽҪҵطϢˡ
ٶˣɽ˷Ϣûн
ҵ˴ɽǲˡ
ɻʥŵӣˣɽһⲻͬΧԼжʮˣɻʥŵӣͨ浱ġ
ʬûˣʬҲֻм粻еġɻʥž͵ڿʬ塣
תת֮󣬲˷ʱ䣬뿪⴦ƽԭɽ

û뵽뿪ɽƽԭ֮У·ֺͻȻɳˣǷֽͨ׷
ԼʮˣҲ٨壬ӦǺɽ֮еһ
ЦǺǵˣ
ʩչ컯Ҳɰͨ˲㣬һļϼٷƽԭ
ΪֺȺɽ֮УɽΧش춼Ǻ֣ȥֺֻ֮ܿ׷Χ
ץȥ
Ҳ׷ɱ
ͨתûߣͨһɣȥԸɰ˽ңĪɸɱˣǻҪɽ򣡡
ৣ
ͨʩչħ̤ħƣͷų̫Եɳɸ߾ͽʮǿȥ
ʣ¶ʮԶͷųƣǱǹΪһζ͡
һɰ˵մЦЩɽҺɽκγǵģǾҺɽǿߣͲú壬֮нһɱ
֪
Χɱһ֣ʩչ֮֮·Ǿƽ֯ɡ
һˣ˫Ƚ׳ޱȣͷʩչһɣ
䣡
û뵽һȭκֻͷˡ
һȭɱиͷͷ𿪣ͬʱҲѪ
㡢һͽλɣΪ˴ſ־ˣһаˣʹȭͷɱܵԼ޷
֮˴𣬲ɱԳԽ˼ٶȣһȭͽԴ顣
ڿӡ
Χɱ˫ͻȻץסʬ塣
ӡǣͻȻ˹ƵģӰʬѪ
⡭
ɱʮ֮׷ͣ£ͬ飬˫оȻΪʬ
ϢһȻӡյһβʣ
ӡɲͨ˫Ϊһͨ
һҿö컯һӡһ컯ɽ繦߶ȣ
ʬӿ治˷ӦᣬһɱѪɫʮˡ
Ѫ
ֵܱ𣡡
Ȼ澪ֶŴˣ˻ɱɱɱѪ
еѪ飬ɱΧײһ˲Ѫֻмܡ
Ѫ
һҪͬʱԸˣǻɱǣЩѵġ
ͷѪһɲǼ䣬ѪΧʮˣΪɾ޴ѪѪӲӲǹ֮ս
ѪڿڷһʩչҲһǿͨˣ
ʮ˹ƾ˶ڣԻɱ棬أ
ѪѪǧ֮࣬ȫѹ޷֣´һЩѪѪɱǲˡ
¡
һ
һڴͻȻΪһСɽһ㣬ӰɱʮɱЩɱ֮ϡ
̫ˣʮɱò飬ɣǽɴЩˣѹõ޷ܣ׷Ѫ
ɱ
̤ͨ䣬ڱҩںϣʩչ컯Ѫħհʵȫﵽ۷塣
ЩѪѪ⣬ڵһʱ䣬ǱͨɣͱС
ѪõıȻ
ɲ
ѪѪΧʮˣնɱһƬûһߡ


1649 
һЩ˱ͻѪץ飬ҪߣͻȻɳΧ֮У¡飬ΪʮѪһѪѪɱ£ЩѪ⣬С
ѪɫӲѪ֮даߣѪӳӵһײɱˣҲʬС
ɲܣ
ǰ󲻵ʱս
ͨ˽ѹԲ
һҲһְʬɣʬȪǰԺɡ
ˣ˻һ˿ͨƿذ˽ǰ
Ѱһ֣ʰˣ֪ٹɽ˷
ȾǺܶ˶ɽȴɱɽɳǿߡ
ɽǰм걦ҩһʮֱҩúܶȥᣬɽԽһЩɽǿУҲûеõ
õӵ鱨̫࣬ǶԺɽΪ˽⣬ͨնɱһʬ幻ʩչ컯ɡ
Щ˾⸽Ԯ˵ǿ߲Χ
׼뿪֮ʣֺͻȻ˵
壿
ղŻɱɾǺɽǿߣ٨塢廹ҪһЩ
˸ոշɳȥͼһٶΧѰţл塢٨
ҲǿߣԶԶ桢ͨͷźߣ
ҪҵǸˣ

һʱٰˡ
ǿ߼棬ͷǵҪץס
ƴأƻأ˴嶼Ѱ
ۼٶˣɡǿߣǺɽ侫ӢɲЩ˾ȥͨϽ
ٶԳЩˣǿ߿ǿϣܿ󲿷ǿ߱˦
Լ󣬼ɰǿҲ޷׷
Ҳڿɽ
ɽɽ塢ʯɣɭֶƯ֮УڰҲ޷͸ս
ɽʯ̫ˣɽֻΧɽ廹١
ˣ
̤ΧȺɽ֮УͷּٶԷҲֻƳһۣҴȥ
˽յأͷִָ綾ϢӴԨ֮дطкɽһͼڣ׹ǳɶѣʾֹ̤
ɽȻǺɽ̣
ͨСһЩ˴ķûһںڰ֮вɼ־綾Ʋƶ

ͻȻһЩˣǰٷߡ
һּʮ˼ææߡ
˷ˣߺһǻߣɽڰɱСǻ£

Ǻڰ֮ԨɻЧǷ޴
˴Χ񾪷ɶȥ˭鷳ɽ䡢ǻı˭ﲻ
ɱɱɱ
ȴûüߣһȺɲѰˣһ׺ݵİˡ
׷ΧɱƣҲа˷桢ͨɱƾһɽѹ
˶֣ͨһɨɱЦ֮󣬷ɳɱһħԪħɷ
Ϊͨһͬɱƣħɷ㣬ɷһơ
ͬʱѪѣȫޡ
һնɽ֣
߽λɣΧһЩˣְ˲䱻ɱһֲͨ
ǿߣӣ
߿ִ֮ǺڰյͻȻɳʮˣһǾǿߡ
ֳһٶˣʮǴͷˣŵħһ壬ϰ࣬ĺơ
˳֣ڲѪ΢΢ȼգѪ֮УҲһЩΪڷڡ
ͨͻȻ濴߿գǲǻ֣ˣɣǾȻټɽΧܼ
ʮ֮Уͷ߾ǻ֣߻мɣɣɽ˶ڣȻǶ֡
Ϊ˲ҲйȻҪһأȥգۼ䣬¾Ҫ֧ͨԮ֡
ͨһɳڵԹϷ׾ǺɽһٶǿߣΧⶼߡ
˫һ󣬾ͱɽסüǿߡ
ɽħǿߣЦ֣ҲǾһսںڰ֮Ԩݣҡ³ľաУĪߣ
³ľգ
ԴߵĻ֣ͻȻ۷ϾһЩ񭣬ԭжˡ
ҿɲǲжҵɱˣһ걦ҩΪߣ
£ɽΣ³ľգ֮ǰֿûзָʤ
֣ɣҺɽ䲻Ǻϵ

³ľɱЩһѷˡ

ڶϢ
߿վͳֲֿ𵴣˲˿һ˫Լǿߣٶɡ


1650 ǿϿ
߼̫ǿˣ
³ľһȭԻɱƬԪ֮ϣΧ׽ǱըûһУЩԼ˶ɱ
žһ
ԭ³ľմˣβǷβͣ·ЫӰβɱһֲݺݳϡ
»ƻ³ľβ̫⣬ֳĲ飬Ƥ֮£ЩѪ¶˳һѪβͳ顣
ݣ
ҲռȻɱһƬͻأɱһɽ
һʥɽӴɱ֮У³ľ̫࣬βһɨ
һɨ˻ֲǿɽһɽ³ľβһƤ
գ
³ľշӦһЩβͣҪʥɽնϾʥǵؽʮϡ
ԭ㻹ֶΣ֣С㣬Ǿǿߣ³ľҲһ亹
ֲͣŴҲѹƾ綾³ľգҿҾˣþ綾͵Ϯң˵壬ǷȥұһˣǱһ
ؾ綾ҪҲ㣬ϰʱ綾ʱûܾ㣬ǾԳ֣԰Ҳܾˣ
ݣ
ɽͻȻӻֶն³ľա
Ϊûз
³ľɫ䣬˲һץ·ʲô챦
ץһţһİɫǣɽɱͷ
һɽȻûнն飬ֻһЩͷţǼһǳǳ΢Ľۡ
Ծ˰ɣǣҺɽܾǰһ޾ͷģӲȾʥףʦУһƳʥɱֵҹˣ
ӡ³ľ
֣ҲֶΣնһڰҧ֡
˫ּɽ˿תǰһнɱнͱսʵ÷顣
ɸ߽λǿߣɱһʱѽѷ֡
ˣ۾ͣ
һٶΧɱǿߣ
ɱüˣ˹Ƽֲ˶á
Ȼ˴·ֺٶԭͨǰ
һ޽ɲмͷͨΪˣͨٶԽԽ졣
ˣ󲿷ǿעȥ֣ͻȻʩչ֮ٶȴﵽ۷塣
ɽ䶼ϲöҲö֣
ͨЦͻȻͷű
ӱ֮һը죬һ׶籦ɽ緢ΧɱĴˡ
̫ÿˣ䶾ɽ緢ɱЩˣǸ֪ԼͨΪεȲ
˲䣬գ۾ͱգ޷мһһ˱ûˣյ໲ҽС
ʲô˸ƻҺɽ£
߿֮ϣɱ³ľգ·ֲ𣬲Լ޷ơ
ҲԾ·֮࣬ȻһӰٶӰʱ¶š
һɣһɻ³ľҲ֮ڡ
ԶԶߺϸ磬ּˣ
ҲǳԾѣԭСֵܰû뵽ʮǰҴһ𣬻Ϊںڰ֮ԨЩ棬û뵽ɽ
һ³ľտɲһΪʮɻɱ˹ȥ
Сֵܿȥ³ľǺɽǿߣһ綾ɶּ֣æХ
ˣ
³ľɭɭҡҡͷ
㡭ûȥ
û뵽˲䣬ͻȻɱǧѪ
ѪſѪһаʿǧѪһͬ飬Ϊʮɾ޴Ŵ㣬ſ죬һҧסûһ
źȻըը顣
ҿһ綾ҲôǸˣԶܳһ˿ƺ³ľҲС
СֵܣģݴûҲǿϲ𺳣벻һܶԸɡ
ϢѾɣ
ʱںڰ֮ԨΧɵͽλΪβŶʮңȻΪһɣղֶηǳĪʲô֧֣
ûְв룬ΪԸɣͷδɾͲ
ټɶԸͨ׶࿴
³ľʮɿͣ£磬Ǻɽ̣һΪǶȥֻԽԽ鷳ɽοɱɽ
Ϊ֪Һɽܣ³ľһɱ
֮ǰɱǺɽǿߣӽ˳ģⲻѰɣӦ

ٴһ档
֣ѵɱᣬߣ

ֻΪ޴֣࣬
ͬʱ³ľոߺ֮󣬽ִ̤࣬߶Ǹǣһ䵶ֵͶȥ


1651 Ϊ
㱾¡
֮ž˿ռ侧ƣתԸ࣬ԼǸ֮ʣͼһȥ롣
ֻһ𵴣ͼǸǱˡ
ɣǸ߿գҪ³ľץסǲһǾһǰ顣
ҡҵı񰡣һ֣޳
׹ȻǺöʥƷʣóȥۣǶǿͷҪõı
ȴǰˡ
磬ߣ
ӰͻȻǰ
һɫּæ·
ǡǿɶ񰡣³ľǷӦռƬ
㡢ʲôֶΣܽ³ľǱ飿ǿǿʥɱȻܴʥɱ
·ǶͿգڻ̲סʵ
ҵõܴһЩʥƷɱϧֻüΣ
Ȼ˵СһƾͽǸˣֻܴۣÿԽ͹ȥ
һţһΪܽɶ޷ʥʸ飿

ԭˣ
ίʵԾѣֺڵ¸ղֲ˼ֶΣСֵģοǷ飡
֮ˣҲżȻģϣɽðգҲܵõ׼ãʱѾͨϷ
ֱͨӺͷųƳĶ𣬴ɱһɱʮˣʮǿ
ˣһǿߣƽǳϡ
ִͨ棺Ϊʵһڡƺʥ۷ɱһ˿Կסɽôǿߣ
ͱͨ±۷
ˣ
Ȼû뵽ǣڳһǿ߳ԾͨȻһɣ
ߺˣ
ǿ벻ףһɣ죬ѾǸ߽ΪˣΪһһ˵ˣ
ߣҲ˲ЩֱӺͨ
ЩʬҾˣ
¡¡
ͨ£ͻȻһһʥ׷ƶ嫶ƣ˳ûǰˡ
ֽΧʬУʧͨģ棬ʮٶߡ
֣쿪ʼ³ľһҪ㣬ͷȡ£֪Һɽ
³ľ׷ˣ
һ´󲿷ֱɣòͷŽѹ
߿ŭ֮󣬴һҲɽԼԼѹѹһƬǿ߸֧Ԯ
ֻϧһѾɳһ֮⡣
֮ϣǰպټˣҲٶߡ
ܸоаǿ׷ɱȥ㣬ûһ˿˿
һʱ֮ͨ£ػһξɽ
ɽΧѰһԨͨǰĵطû뵽һ̤Ԩ͸ӦϢ
ֽܣϵܱģһܾݵ㣬ܶϢԴΪݵ㣬ɽǧˣʱǧˣ
Ԩݵ𣿡ǳ档
߰˴ɣģܴݵ㣬һЩСݵ㣬Ǿȥˣܿǧ·һ磬Щڰ֮ԨЩڰǡ
չΧ׿ܶڸ󷨣ƶϢҲһ˾ۼһɽȣӦڽס
֪ĴڲԭʾݵǶԾݵ棬Ǿð¹ˣпܾǲĳݵ㡣
ͷŸӦ߶
ϧһֱûиӦ˵һ˲
ŻһѨΪһЩţóʯɷ󣬺ܿΪһռ䡣
λϵγƺͨһֿ࣬ʵ
ҽͨһˣǶأͨʵʵš
Ҳٶʣֿ棺Сϵܣʱ˸ˣһǵӦһŮʿмС
˵ҲǣӺڰ֮Ԩ뿪󲻾ãȥѩħ֣ǿߣɱʱηֿɽһʱûϵϣŵģ滺ɡ
ȷЩ֣һɽ̫֣ԨɫɫˣҪҵ˵ȷףֻҪȥɽΧӦÿ棡
ְοʱþֵΪңҾҲ
ϸ磡һȻˣǰ˶˺ס
ˣ
ͻأһŲҴҵľǿߡ
񣺡ˣҦˣ˵Ҫ㣡
Ҧ
֮ɫ䣬أʲôһֵ֪ܷģҺÿô
濴ʲôʵʲôûΪѣ
ͬΪЧһλǿߣҦһҹȥҪ֪ھʵÿǿߣÿ˭õ߿УǾ˲ǿߣҶƴõûȥТߣҦоԹжϢ֪˭ﴫǹûҺÿģ


1652 ֻǸС
ԭˡ
䣡
˸ոնԻδ˵꣬ͻȻһǹ顣
һಡСӣ̤ЩΧ󷨶
ִŭΧǿҲ׷վҦǹģһسô
ͻȻ֣кĸͳû쵼ͳȫʸˣҾЩֵܵģ֣֮󣬾ͳΪҵĸ֣
Ϊ㸱֣Ҧǽɰ죬Ҳǰ죬˭̤˵ֻʸδ̫Լɫ˰ɣΪжͿԳûԵ
ǾͰոϹأ㷢սʤңҴӴ˼һΣͷһΣ֮ˣֵܶң
㡭
İɣһƴ㣬ЩֵܣҺ̤ܿ죬Ӷһ߶ȣ֪Խ֮󣬾ܳΪֵλЩĿ꣡
Ҳս̫ƽƻָ˵
û뵽ҲͶҲᣡ
ʲô˼
㷢ս㲻ӦҲҪӦ㲻Ҳνֻܶ㲻ˣ
ҦƣһʥƷǹ·һߴɣһͼڡ
Һÿˣ
ͷŽƣǹҲڿƯ֮Уûһ
ֱƵû·ֻҧڵȴᣬǾսɣΪжлң
û룬ͻȻסȵȣ磬Ը֣´Ͱˣ
ҦǹͶӿһһɣ˵ķݣ
ǸСţ̫ҵýѵѵ㣬֪죡
ЦͣССҲҷ
ףֲЦһСҲƲˮɣҪԸ㣬һ־ͻС

֪һ컹ɽа壿
ΧִʱЦ
ס棺СϵܣҪģ֪㲻ǽɰ죬Ҳðգ
ģԸҦСˣֵ˳֣̼У
һ˳
ͨЦԽ֣ϺЦжҦ
һɣ
ͨȻΧپǿߣоһɲ⡣
Ϊο˾ǽһݣҲͰˣҦޱ飬ڲ鿴ҦΪ
ǽɣ
ֻһλɣȻλɶ֣Ҧ־úܷѽ⣬ͨǸ߼ɣΪԼов
ʱ׷֣ͨҾڲ£˼֣
˹ȻҼˣȻйأֹ֮ͨ˿ûн֮ɫ
ϵܣȲֻܿ档
Ϊ˼ҡͷȥɣԳ֣ҦԴߵģΪ˳ֵ֣ãҲ˳ֽѵ㹻ˣ
ϣٸƱ
Χ˾ֶͨǿ߰˵е
ʲôˣһɴʼգһƽģһɿܽɡ
ͨȻߣŭȻޱȣ֣Ҳ޲ȥ鼸͡
Сӣɲ裬ס
ּͨƳͨȻҪսǾñкֻ֮ͣܵһ㣬ȥƤˣ

ͨһζ˿̽ͷų
죿
Χǿ߰ҦͨΪ
Խսɰ죿㵱ǲλɣҽҪ֪Ϊλʵǹ
ͨˣ
֮ǰҶȻд㡣
ҪͨȶʵΪ㣬ͨΪ죬ͨȻһйǴ
һ컹ʰһ죿
Ƿû˿ڷ֮ϡ
ݡ
ǹ̤ͨС壬ʱԽͨ˽ס
׽Χ󣬴󲿷飬ѨҲڽ֮֮С
ɹȻͷʮɾͲˣɿͷŸһЩǿԴﵽףɰȫƿأѹƿͷŵһ
Χ𵴣˷׷׾ԪҪ飬Ҳ΢΢ܵһЩӰ졣
ǹһʥɱӽ첻÷Ҳܽ£ڶԷ£ͨҲͷ
һɹѪɫħƤͷڱӿΧܿΪһƬѪɫش
ħʿ
ʯڲص˾
ħǺɽ䣬ֻЩڰǿߣ㲻Ҷ֣

Ҧٶ̫ˣ˲ϢǹŽǹһ̣ҦƻΪһǹâǹ
Χǿ߶̫ͣǿˣǾͳ֮һͳʵ޵еĴڣ
ԭҦ̶ʱ䣬ʵ̤۷壬ֲøҽҲɫһ


1653 ͨԲ
棬ȴԼݵģϿ˿Ϊ棬Ī治ںͨ
֮ͨǰܶԸ³ľǻˣǿһڱʥ۷屦ſԶԸǿߣʱûʩչȻҦ֣̫ˣͳȹϡ
һǹʵҲ̫Щ
ͨˣΧѪɫħʼգΪһѪɫħչƣͷŶ컯
䣡
Ѫɫħǹâһɱһ֮γײɽײ
˾δռƣǿߣΪһУͨ
Ǵˡ
ͨûܣȽסҦǿһѪɫħƣ·һǿǹâ£ֻһִ𵴡
ʵ̫ˣ֪Ԫۺ񣡡Χʮ֣˿
ʮҲ棬֮ǰһڴţƤһͨʵǶЩĿ࿴˾ֻһ㡣
ͨѽ컯Ѫħںϵһ壬ʱһֱѪħûںϣſʼ컯ջ
·䣬ͨϣڷ磬ոѪħһᣬǲġ
㻹һ֣
ʯҦݾ
ȫɣͨȴɵһЦ
𣡡
Ҧϴ߶ǹͻȻһɽâǴ¸â̫ǿʢˡ
컯
Ҳڸıӡ
䣡
Ҧȫâ·Ϊɫ֣Ȼƶǹٶȱ֮ǰһܿǹԵΧѪɫħһ顣
䣡
ҦǿߣѾҦһʤ
ּͨͷѪɫħץǰͿ챻ǹѪɫħУϷȻΪһħ
ЫӰβһ飬Ҧܣ̫ԼǹԻһС
ˣ
ǹҪѪɫħһ̣ħҲ󱳣žһҦȫ飬󱻳һѪۣĿġ
ҦҲһѪ
ǹ
ּͨһץһħͻȻסǹӲҦ£ǹ˹
ҦѪʱƣͨϷͷŰħѹ޷ȥѹüѪ·ҪƵġ
֣벻˾ʵںڰ֮ԨȻõЩڰҪ
ɱʱ֮ͨߺ
֮˲ɱ磬Ȼ˳жǰ͵Ϯ㣬ǲɱɻ罫ҦѹԼ¸ֶձˣ
ãҾͳȷɱȻҦˣֶΣҾͲǿˣִġ
Ҧ֣Ȼġ
ͨɭɭЦħͷģӳ٣Ҿ㳹ʧȥ֮ΧɶͳǱģ
ҡҦ쿪ʼԸΪͳЧΪͳ죡ǵֲͨʵ
ҦԽʧܣ޷ղǰһؤ
ͨݺһѹҦǱأʺ
εƣǶʮ롣
ֳҦһҶǼ֤ߣһŵǧҦҾͲֲӡĪҪģҿĲ㣡
²ңˣƺҦʵˣһȺ˹
ͷֽǹͨȭ
˵ͨռһʥױ֪ҪԴʥɱԻȡ鵤
΢΢ףֻͨܽǹ׸Ҧ
һ̰״ˣʲôôûŪ
ֲŮӻ֣ҦͳӦûʮˣټǹһʱ䣬ǰɽͳϣ
ǣ
Ҧһˣֻ뿪󷨡
磬ٽɶоⷽжܶ˰עš
ζл֣㣬ؾ綾Ҧ֣½Ҫܴˣ
޲֮󣬻óôлͨ
ܾͨˣʱͻȻ˵Ȼ绹о綾þͨΪ˻
ֶֻͨΣһ仰ַץסһݡ
ҵһЩֶΣԳԣͨҲõ͵Ȼ͸¶Լ
ڻּɻ£ͨͷֶΣһϳ綾
綾Ѫ⣬ǳѣ֣ⷢͨӵһ綾
Ҫͻɶˡ
ȥ죬ʱ䲻Դ֮ǰɱҩ̫ԪѴﵽ۷塣
ˣ֪㷢ûУ
⼸춼һΪֻͨһ۷ʱ⴫걦ҩѪҺ֮Уһ־綾֮ǰҪաӻնľ綾Щ綾ȻͱѪɣ


1654 ɶ
ҵûз֣ǴѪõ걦ҩҩҩֻͬǱҩ̫࣬γֻ
Ѫӵл
էȻ䣬滹е㲻˼飬֮ͨǰƿƽ֮ںϣ֮Ҳӵл
ͨȥΪֻ
˭뷴ַͨڸѪӵлԺκξ綾ͨǰ⡣
ͨѪ¾綾ұӵѪһ綾Ҳκβңҩ֮ѪӵѪˣ
֮࣬Ҳóһֶԡ
üپѪ붾ںϣû뵽һЩʱѪԲƣͽﾻ
ѪǴȻһҲ͸Īٺ٣
Ѫˣ
ٴ뵽ǸءǿһͨһܿסС񹥻ǿߡ
ˣһҪ죬ܳ׽Ͼ綾ɾºְͨд
ʱ棬ڴ˲ؿռ䣬ڲ˫ռ䣬ͷŻԪȫ
Ϊ״̬
ѪɫҲһ
ڴ󲿷Ԫɫ˫ɫ࣬оڽʧȥ־âԽ
ͣ
һɽ
֪ҪͻˣһЩͷһ硣
ȴ֮ͨ׽Ͼ綾ɾ࣬ͷŽΪ滤
ֲŻҲҪһʱָ󲿷ǿ߶ʱͻʱ̡
ؼͨڣͷŽǿͻѹ޷þǿ߲׽ơ
ž
ͨȫڱը֮Ѫ̫ˣҲΪҺų
ҩ鵤ѪɶԴȥɱ֤ɾͻƣֻǿϧͨû̫ɼԴɣԺͻٶȱȲǰʱ䣬ն컯һڱɿԼնɱǿߣվǿ󣡡
ʹ࣬Է죡
Դ٣ǸֵؽƷʷ鵤ܴﵽɵȼԴԽԽϡ١
ɾ磬ǿһʱ䣬Դﵽλǲͨ
ο֮ҪĴ¹ط꣬ʱԴǷǳˡ
˲ιһ걦ҩڽУ޾ˣѱʱ֮裡
߼ԴȻҲС
˲ι
һ걦ҩ
ЩޱϡԴš
ˣȫһ飬Ȳ֮ǰɾ
ʼˣһ죬һ̷ʮ鵤ɸʬ徫ýٶ
ܿ첻ѪԼѪѣԽ
֮˳ͻƣ
ɶ죡
̤ʵ֮ǰһҲɱ䲻٣˲֮л򡢷ɱǳԣԽӽɫ״̬
ӡҲ΢΢ʵһЩ
˫˫ӡǣ֮ǰһЩ˵žͨ
ץʱ䣬̤ɶֻǿʼʱΪһ־һСǧ
ڴﵽ˳״ֿ̬ʼ߲Ԫͨ֮ͫͨһ
Ҳڴͫһ죬ԶкεȲ
ˣѿдʬ֮վö컯Ѫﲻָ߶ȣҲԺ˲ٿңʱͨͨʵҲСС
ʵӦɸһɣʩչ컯ӵĪ
ڲɱɿʵܽɰ죬ҲԶԸɾ졣
Ȼãȥִͨںϡ
Сϵܣ
ȥ
һָ֮£档
ʵѴﵽɶһ߶ȣͨٱչ
߳ҦŸװҪ׼ǰɽ֮ǰһЩҩɽԨұ֮һɽЩ߲㣬Ǹ·ȥ˴Ҳյ׷׶
δͼҺܺ棬Լǿͼû뵽ͨһ⣬ûֵΪ֮һ
⣬ʾߣʵڱͼ䡣
̹ȻЦͼǿԶĴ˵ͼҵõͼˣѾΪϴڣҼҾߵȷǾͷҲõͼ߾ͼ̫СΪ޼ͼⷽɽ߾Ϲͼһͬһ̫޿ܡ
ԭˣͨˡ
ҲЩգֱͼġ
棬Զ޼ͼ;޼йأͼҲһͼ
µòһҲС
ƺ˼Ȼһԭ֪رϢ𣿡
أ˲桢ͨ˾


1655 ֮ͥ
ɽ磬ߴյأţ뿪ٵйأⷽɽ磬ҲͥԵʱգЩһֱжû
ǿɱ⴫ڴŲǰǿߣ߲ףĳ֣߲׻ʱգֱϧ߲âɳΧû׷ϣܶഫ˵Ϲű˵õرˣ̫֮ˣ
ɽҲһԶյأأǾͲֵһᣬǼߣкڰ֮ԨЩ߶ڹעһһһȥأ֪ͥǿߣĬĬأͥһжͥһҲж
һˣСܡ
ǹԼߣ
ǿ桢ͨǰΣԼǶȻ͸¶Щܡ
Ҳ˵Ĵȥأͨˡ
Ȼɫһôʽʵ磬˵زǰ߲׳˵õرǲģ
޷ȷˣ̫ˣֻ֪ϢСϵܣĿǰδܣ͸©ȥɽ֮ýһҪأǿҪʮ·̣֮󣬾ͰҦټʼ
Ŷһֱü
һɽ꣬Ǵӷأ߲ϴ裬ĪǴ֮У߲׾һˣʱ䡢涼а˳ɿܣ
ԭ뵽سһ˷Īϵ
˳ɣ
˵ţ߲׳йϵ
Īǵʱʱ߲ϴ裬һЩ˿ˣϾ߲̫ӦҲġأɽ֮ýҲҪȥһ̽
ٷ񣬰Դǿ
ʱ棬û뵽Щˣڰпɽ
ֽͨܣʶԻıǿߣǽɼǿߣҲ벻˻ֵۡ
غԽɽûûΧʱʱ̶̿һЩڰгûɽ༸ͬˣΪΧǺɽ̡
˲ֻ֣ᱻɽѹ
Ҧһ·ϻӻְţһ˴Լʮˣ󲿷˶ԣһ
ԼĪʮ죬ͣͣɽյ
ɽΪɽֺ࣬γɸ״ݷػɽ
ٿɽ֮Уһɽֱ񷣬غ˺һɽΧɽ·ĬĬػš
׳ۻ桢ͨ̾Ϊֹ
ֽܵϵܣǾɽ壬Ｘǿɽˣаɽ壬漸Ǻɽ䡢ڰǿߣֻѡѷɽڲ
ڵ£ɽ֮ϣʣҲ׼ͷԪ¹ɿ󡢺ţ֡ϵ
ɽΧиرҲвʯ౦ڵ¸Ԩ֮Уɽڲյؿռ䣬ʮ£ɽԳһյʱգαɽڲϴɽڲΧõҩ³ľ׷ɱȻǽɽڲҾ˶ڣЩɢ򲻸̤ﴦкɽ䡢Լڰǿߡ
ڰ磿Ǻڰ֮Ԩ𣿡
Ȼǣڰ֮ԨֻǴ֮ЩԨ磬ڰͲͬˣ֮ͥ䣬ЩԨǺӣЩʱеıͥҪ࣬ûжߣϢӣרкڰҲУЩڰ嶼ǳǿ󡣡
ڰ粻ͥƿأ
Сϵܶɽֻ̫ɽֻ̣аʿ壬ħ塢壬ͥΪɽȻռ䣬Ҳ壬Щٲֽ֮ͥ󲿷ֻںڰ֮УʵͥҪǿ󡣡
һΪ˾ɽף
û뿪ͥûȥͥͥɽΧ޺ڰʱգЩԨ֮УǺڰ磬ǺڰǿߣĺڰߣǾȥЩطǽȥڰ磬󲿷Ҳ޻أ
֮󰡣
һȻһСи֡
еϵҪ֪ڰ塢˶УǺڰ壬ɱһͿȥǮЩڰǿʬ壬ͥ˵ɻʥŰɣıһܻɱڰʬ壬ֱӳΪıӣЩӣִлɱڰǿɱڰ壬Եõٺôܶ嶼ڰǿʬ壬ùӵܼͥЩһ䣬ЦǺǼŴҳ
ͥ˽⻹̫ˡ


1656 ɽ
ҦͻȻ˵ǰ
뼸ȻһԨ
ǿߣȻİȥڰ֮Ԩûȥǽ⼸ǳȥġ
ǿ뽣ǿǼ涼ܿԭĳ̶ֳϣ˹ϵ̤ɽѰڰ֮ԨһȻһˡ
Ϣ죬־͸棬ǾҲǰԶ
ȥһҲˣ⻹һǿߣγһǧˣɽһأıϾǾӢǿ߶в١
桢ͨʶԺڰ֮ԨеƲǣֶأҲ֡
ˣ
û뵽ڼʱ˶
漤һ԰¹桢ţԪҲɽΧֻǾﻹа׼ɻɽڲðնᱦ
ɻ˵ǱҪһȥ
£Ǿȸɻ˽ڲյأҸǿ߻֣ٿƣУͨԳǻϣ֪ɱҲͷˡ
¹ûеһĴɻɽڲ
ⷽҲʼ˺ƺƵֺɽ;ҾֻҪ㹻ʯܵõӻ
Щʬ嶼Ǳɽ䣬Ǵɱ
ɽǰʬζֺŻ
Ͼʬǰ׹ǣǱɱǱ˱Ͽƶǡ
̫ˣ˿ͷƤ顣
һЩյأʱּ̳ȫǺɽ䣬ǴɣеĴʯﻹһЩʬ塣
ǿǰ֮µȴ֮һǧˣжʮͳ֮һ
ֻΪѰҰ¹ˣ֪ϵϣҲ˿
ʱһǧǿߣʮͳ츺죬Խɽ壬ԶԶŽɽ֮лص
ŽԺɽ䡣
ԽƽɽּҲԽּ䣬֮£̧ͷ޸ɽϣһЩһڰâǾǽɽһʽڣϧɽռ죬һǧҲȥǽ档
ŻͷɽһЩѷ죬еĺѰеĿһ˽ȥеĿɼ˲С
ԭЩѷ˽ɽΨһ취ɽʽڱɽռҪ룬ֻѷһѡ
ִҦʮˣѡһѷ룬桢ͨںС档
ѷ첻ãԽԽʱʱɢһЩ׹ǣԼһЩ㡣
֨֨
ԼĪһխСʯѨڣǰһ硣
ʱ̧ͷǹ֮Уһֻֻ
򶣬ҵģЩӵпֲ綾Ҧǰߺȡ
򶣡
ͷͫû޵ͫѻóѼ
˲䣬Ѱɫ򣬾Ȼ¶һѪɫ磬һѪɫ磬˫ס
ǰģڰУ濴ǧ֮ͷǴһֻֻ߰꺢ǰСͷųġ
ɽͨ򶶼޴󣬸оЩʵҲɸ߶ȣɽҲ緲ǰľ򶣡̫Ϥˣһֻֻ򶡣
ֻ뷲ͬǣֻͨһߴСȻɽͨ򶾹ҡ

һɫ̰ǰѷʯѨ𵴾ʯ
򶲻£綾ǳֲҴ߶ĪɱֻҪһᣬ򶷢޷ǷȻ᳷ߣ룬Ҧ棬һͷŷ硣
ҲͷƣխʯѨ֮УΪһ̷
䣡
ڷ磬һ
ó֮δԽҲδܶǿ˿
Ҳ˶Ǹ𣬻Ǽô򶣬ֻ
Ȼֲ㣬Щ綾һֱûʲôãԣǻʧ
Ϊͳ죬ڻıǿߣȻܶɽðգ඼һЩ
ǰڷɲҲͨ򶡭
ͨһֱΪǶԣСˡ
ǧһüϹһǽɣɡ
Ӧ򶶾ʬ౻ͿգеǱƿͲˣһĻһЩɶЩŻ
ɽڲӻ֪ɱ˶ˡ
ǽҲҴ⣬ǽմȾϣҲɥڴˡ
ҵģǰвԶɽڲռ䣬ƻмԶͳҦǰСġ
ٶǰţʱֻ緲˲Уɽ̫ӣ˭Ҳǰա
֨֨
ۿֶ༸ѷʯѨʱһЩΧڰ֮д
ʱҦëȻһ£ԺڰԨϡȺɽڲ˵


1657 붾Ы
ϣ
ԺڰԨҲǺڰ
ಣ
Ҧк£˶ʱɧӱͲʯѨƴһǰѷ졣
֨֨
Ϣ֮Χ
쿴ŵöһЩ䶯ʯ
Щ·ʯʼֻһ֣ԽԽ࣬涨һȻһֻֻ߳ɫϡ
ϳ̫ˣ󲿷һվţβͷ̬ͨЩ֫׳һЩߣͷŷǯƺܽͨɱ顣
һʱݲ÷Ӧ˷һֻֻϣеҧǿߣһҧȥ˲ҽ֮˿ڶʱֳɫߣɶܵӰ졣
žžž
ɱ󲿷ͷ赲ɱ̫࣬Ϊֲǣвٷϴӽʯ͵Ϯܶ⧲ҧˡ
ϵܣǿߣҵϺȥɽٵң桢ͨ׼ߡ
ҦŴ󲿷ڳЩѷ죬Լɱ¸ͷɻ𣬺ڰǿߣ󲿷ֶ»ϵͨҲܲǿҹߡ
ֱֱͨոջͳɱֻϣֻȥǿߡ
ˣǽɰǿߣ⣬ǲϤﻷӳȥΪȣԭæͨȴ뿪Ϊ
ҲһѷʯѨܿ׷ϼǿߣû뵽ϣΧҲۼٷϡ
ǿ߱ҧˣ޷壬ǿˣҲֲϾŶ֡
û׷Ǽǿߣ֮ɱȥΧѼɷϳѨʯһķϾƶ
Ѫ
ָһ㣬ɳһѪһֻֻɳ
Ѫըѿ˲仯Ϊһֻֻ㣬£Χɱķײ
ͨҲͷŶ𣬻Ϊһһ߶೤潣ͷţһ潣׼ɱһֻֻϡ
Ӳնͷ­ܻţˣҲǵһɽϣڰԴ󲿷˶̫İңԶͨԸϣҲЩҡ
ͣ
´ʹ淢ԼҽžȻϸҧһڣѪҺֶܿߡ
죡˿ڴԸУתѪʼ˿ڣֹɢ
ѪԽͣɱܱضǷʬ壬ϾŸ֪ʲôǿ־壬ԽԽ࣬һ˷ơ
Ϊλ֡Ҧǿߣ˼ɵʵҲɸ߶ȵķϡ
ɱһӣϷˡ
ܵͨʵǿƻɱٷϣûһֻϣ֮ǰ
ֺڰ֪£ǷۼһǰҲоκο־塣
һ򣡡ҲǽͨƼˣʩչʵ˳˷ƶ
ʱΧȼգҲһ֮С
ռ⣬Ϸһɱһ֮Уյ÷׷ȫǻ𣬻ǲϳˡ
̫ˣ
ͷѪʱʱ̿̿ͷųһַϻɱ
֨֨
ͻȻִӺڰ֮УһЩƷϽ
ĪǸϾţ
ǣһЩһ߶Ыǳ֮Ҳ࣬һſھͽҧסβ͵һöԲԲ֮У˳
ûķϣȻ׼񣬵Ыҧסӣ˦¹һֻϾͱʬˡ
ˣһһﰡϲЩЫƺ·Ͼ綾ϲ϶ҺһĻͨġ
ǲ컯ˣҲ˿ЫΪ߲ٷϡ
һգٷϲ֮£һӴԪҲһģͨѲϾӣǱ߶
ˣɱһ·ǿˣһᣬڱɻ棬ͨ£糤ɱϾǿдһͨ
˸ϽɳȥʱͷһʯѨ·ΪϳѨ鶼ǣֲ̫ˡ
֮ǰԾˣȻڶ̶ʱ䣬ϴʳֻʣѪǡ
ˣ
˸Ͻߣмٷ϶˷ͻϮ
ʱϴ߶֮󣬰¹Ԫ𣺡ѽɽ֮ǰ򶹥ãһ泤ӣٹ
УҪģٴ¹ϵϣӦϢ롣
ԼĪʱڷɳѷ죬Χɽڲ£̫׳ˣǰһ磬ڲҲǺͷ
ɽڲյأ
СϵܣһϣûҲ
ͷһȣл磬ѸӦ䣬øȥǻϣһ·϶лչˡ
˵Ǻ񲻻ټƵģɽڲռ䣬ôһټռ䣬ȻģҪģˬЦ
ͨǰ·˽ײû뵽ֺһЩԨЩԨ֮Уܿҽ


1658 ߹Ѳ
Ԩ֮¾ϣ˻һЩǺöԨҽ֮лһЩϵʯ
ֲôɽðգֻҪⷨԼʱ䣬㹻ʵĻԻȡܶö
࣡
⧲һͻȻӺڰֺ֮˳
һҲ̫ù˰ɣ
ɽûϤһ
ȷǴһͷͷͻȻһŴֿԭȻ֮Уֲ˵һʱûз⡣
˲ͬ󲿷ֶֻͷŸոɱΪ࣬ͷȴһ֧ɫСǣֻв߳Сǻͷһɫã
һɣһɣպùһʱ䣡߹ֲչ壬ԼĪɶ೤ִ
ȳ˱Ƕ߹ۼΪɫ֮ǰɭαװľһɫۼףԽƽһۼ͸ǰơ
̫ˣǰòԺڰ֮Ԩʮˣģ߹ӣ˲ס

ͻȻӺһֺ֮࣬һɷơ
ʮ˴зɹһߣǾ䳰Ը©֮㣬סĪҪǺɽǿߡ
ΪǺɽ䣿ǼСӣҲڱǰ߹ֶŭˡ
ߣ
߹Ҳ򵥣Щɽǿһȥ
ȴһ仰Ǽɵ㱳ǿߣɱ㲻С˼
еǸ˺ˣ߹ͷǿδ˻
ŶҺֵСˣ
û취ˣͷ߹֣һ֣ɱ㣬ʬҲԻȡǮɣ
ԭ桢ͨоֲǣ
Ȼͨȴһ⣬ĦȭƣҪ߹ִһ
ñɣкεͣɻʥŵˣҲɱ˲٣
žણ
߹βͻȻһе档

һɫ磬ڵζͻȻԽգ֮ſһ硣
һڴҪͨ۹
˺һЩͷ۲磬߹ֲƬֺвٸʬ׹ǡ
ȷкܶˣ߹ɱ
ףĪ߹ֶɣ
һͨʯɽ֮£һԲζڡ
ںͨǰȴһ̣ʲôΪʯ񣬲ͨڲѰӦþ߹ֳѨ
˼ɱô࣬ȻҲǱռɱ߹֣ǶƸҵģЦЦٱһ˼
ԭɱͨǴʵӦн۷壬ռоƵģԹƴɰͨмȻЩ
ãͨͷ򣬴ƷˣΧǰһ顣
㻹еͣΪʵ͸ɽȡ
ͣ
һ߹ֹ磬ͷ֮һɶҺһƬҺкͨ
֮ƣ
¶֮ɫ²¶˼綾ʱҲԵֵ
ǿ汻У»ˡ
ɲʩչ汾˲ش󱬷ǰһɾӡӡͨǰͨǿƣƾƻһ־ѹΧռ̡

ɲܽʩչ״̬ڷ֮УʩչȻɽ磬ɽʳ̫࣬ɡɶ޷ʩչ̤ɲͷţ
¶ϲЦݣͨȫսһܽʩչ
䣡
䣬ͼͨɱӡ
ӡɾ޴󣬽ʮɴŶҺ籩һȥѹ繥޷ǰһһ˿˿硢ҺδΧ͸

߹û뵽ͨʵǿԼƵס߹ֹȻβͻȻһаβǹ
βӡ֮ǰƾ֣һΣβͬʱһͽͨӡˡ
һʵﵽ۷壡ӡͨҲ˼ȴûˡ
Ȼ࣬ҽɸֱǻΪǿ壬һɣʵֻᾫһԺһᳬԽɣΪ߹ѾԼӮˣƽͬʱЦ

޵У
ȻӺֺҡһЩֻͨɡʵһЩ֡߹Լ
ǶΪ
Сǣ½նɱҲǳǺζ£߹ȫ
ںһһӽﵽף߹һ̣ʱΪһ״ߡ
Ҳͨ
ֻǵͼͨˣ
컯
ͨٴͷһν컯ںУʼΧǰ״𾫻


1659 Ο
𣡡
һڴǰƯ
컯ãҲﵽһ߶ȣӵͨȻ̫ö컯֮תƻǿ
ͨҲʩչֶΣоһİֶΣǰڷһδʩչͨ
ȥɣ
߹һ磬ΪĴߣʱƶߵһڣſɳ죬պ͵سͨҧ
ֻͨһĳˢȥ
䣡
һҧд󶦡
̫ǿˣ߹ַ·Ҫôߣһҧס󶦣һڽ󶦸ȥ
ʱ̺Ķ컯С
ڼϢ֮󣬶Ȼһ
һ𲻵ˣ¡󶦾Ǵͨ죬һ硢һ߳顣
ۣ߹ҲһѪˡ
¡
գ˲䣬߾ұըûб߹ںűը˳ȥ
ܸߣں󷽴
ͨͻȻԽ̤ͨƬǿڴ󶦣Ǳը֮С
ɱҡ
ɲ߲ҽһû˶
ˣֺЩֹʱһɢ
һ֮࣬£ʬ屻ѹһֳ࣬߻һʶʹš
ûϢ
ͨƿȷִ߶ʬУͷӦټ߹᳤ֻͷǣóȥһüǮ
½ڵңǶҴôȥ߹ֶᱦղѸͷֶ
ϢǰŰ׹ǣǰʯһɫ˵ʲôҲ˵ܹ졣
ûзӡڣͷֺЩʬ壬ڷţǴҪʳá
ҵģ֮ͨ󣬾Щʬħ̫
Ѫħ컯ʼҲ֮·ЩʬȻϱ
һֺöɽռָʯʯѷһʯ֮УҲͷŻȪУһ
ֻصʱȻϷһʯ
ʯ·ڱ֮ϣԼ߸ߡ
濴ΧûбʱǺɫʯȻһ˫ͷźãһͳ𣺡࣬ȻɱҡΟˣǲˣ
ΟúʯͻȻ˵ʵŵòᡣ
˭֪һʯ񣬾ʶ
ˣͨҲæΪ鷳ʯͷаϢҲŵеֲ
ڲ֪£ǿ֪ɱǱصĶδɱ䣬Ϊ˵֮ĵǸƻ£ɽԼΧ˭ɱΟĵˣʯɭЦ
ɱ˾ɱˣɱҲˣΟҿɲ㣬б¾׷ǣҪȰ㣬󷴵УͻȻͷʯ
һɱǣǽⶴʼմȾϢֻҪɽ⣬ǶӲˣŰɣ
ʯǰа񡢰
ˣͨͷƣȻϣ潫ʯˣΟҵǡ
沢ûлʯ񣬷ʯӡȪ֮С
ͨѽʵˣǣ
ΧѰңֶͨʵΟǲɫ
Լʶӡʯ֮Уͨһ㣬ԪͨΟܿܳԽ˽ɣ
ҾΟûƭǣⶴ֮УմȾ϶аϢȻΟңҷӡʯ񣬾͵ڵõϢʯϢӦΟϢã
ԭˣûȪӡΟֻܸӦϢԸӦʯϢ
ͨ׹

ͻȻϷϸϸһͷһʯһⱦʯ
һһ鱦ʯɵı
ñһͬˣ˸ϽԶ⴦ʯ
Լ
Ȼˣɱˣ·Ц

һ磬ΪͻȻ˾С
󡢴
ϧϢֻ֮ʣ¸ʬ׹أ֮һ˫ѪԵͫŭ˷
ɱΟˣɻʥŸ֣ҲҪɽҵ㣬СˣǸǰ̫ͫˡ
ʱںڰֺ֮У桢ͨδд׷˿Ӧ¹λá
ȸӦϢŻʮȻϢԸӦҲ̫
ֻҪλȷãֻʱ⡣
һЩȻһЩ𵴣ԽֺüһԨ֮Уʮʲô
˿һЩŵ֮д㣬ǳϤ˲µЩʲôˡ


1660 ɻʥǿᱦҩ
ҩ
Ȼٿһ⣬ΪŨҩȫȷǱҩڳ죬ʮɱ
ҩˣ˵̫ҪˣҲȥմ֣һõҩˣͨɵȲˣϻ
֮ǰ걦ҩ֮ںϣʵҲ죬һ걦ҩʵȻһ
ǡҲ˵˼ˣȻɲݡɹҩǲ࣬һ걦ҩʵԴﵽɶ۷塣

ݲ˶һٺɽǿߣĿǱҩԨѷ졣
ִһһЩü߹ʵҲΪҩֱɱԨ֮С
뱦ҩȷûԵ֣ôǿߣҪɱ˲ܵõҩߣ
ûˣͨƿ
󷽻ܼһЩɱȥ
治ʮζһ㣬պô·һԨ
Īбҩɣ
˾ϲ֣û뵽ҩ
æԨԱߣϸϸһţȻǱҩ㣬ɱҩ㲻̫Ũңų죬Ũңͱŵ
ѷ¶ԽԽˣԼǧڿһ£ǵҽϷһ걦ҩͷâŮԡ˿һ۾޷ǡ
ǱҩˣߴˣͨͷŽſٷҩ
Щ
ļ٣ҩǰˡ

һƴһԨ׷һŮ֮纮繥Ԫ񣺡ĪȥѰᱦҩǻûʸ񣡡
ǿߣ
תһһŮӽٶһƣԼбɵһ
ԭɻʥŵӣ
ʦãİɣ걦ҩų˷֣Ҷ֣
һӰϷ
һӣΪӢһҰ׵۾˸â
桢ͨŮӶ½أֻͣټͻȻϮصǿߣ
ɻʥг𰡣һҩҲɻʥǿߣһΡͨżҪȥȡҩǰǽɡ
ŮӵմһƲһ㣬̤ٴαƽͨ
УɲǴУһƲʦ֣ûоеϤ
˵ҲеϤҲʼϸϸˡ
ͨǰͷɱ⣬ȻνϤϴδɻʥŽж˱ҩնɱɻʥŵӡ
ͻȻһץһ߶֮Ӱ֣Ӱͨ档
ŮӺȻЦݣָ֋ֶȻˣǰŰ䲼һЩ׷ɱҴſһۣһɲ뱾׷ɱԼǸɾ;Ϥʲôԭ׷ɱǣҲΪ¹͵㣬첻õҩȫͨ񣡡
ŮЦȻֹһīһ߶೤ɽµͷâնɱɣʦֻɱǸ֮ժȡҩζƺܿɢȥɽΪػ֮緢μٱҩǰ죬ҵõһ걦ҩõ걦ҩ
ΪβһԸأ
ҵ֤ŮҲӲ
ΪʦöԸɡ
˵桢ͨ棬·նɱֻǴһס
ؿˣͷͷأնɱɻʥŽǿߣҲСгɾ͸Уڻıⷽأû˿սɻʥţҲţ
룡
Ȼ䣬ɲ裬ɽһն档
ಣ
ɽ·ı䷽һ㣬ûд棬߶·þʯɵ֮һ
ССһɣͨɶ죬˫
٣ɱȻǻӣľͷһ֮зܡ
ղŻУһ̣ʩչɽɱǽɸ߽λʵȴɱһλɣβŭ
䵱ŮҲһվ
Ůѣʦ֣ģ׷ɱͬŽɷ˵жԸֶΣĪ⣡
ҾͲһɣмʦãͿʦֽץǿɽջһԲȦﵽؽ۷巨ƣʱӿʮɽâ
ȻԽѹȣɻҷۣͨԸɣҩң
ǣˣõ֮ͨɫһɨλŮɣæ档
Ȼңһҽǰ磬ץס㣬ٿ㻹ҲҿһǸͨˣнɵˣ
һͨˣʮɽâɽһƬƲʣɱ
ˣ
ͨһħɷƱ֮ץָ
䣡
ħָһаˣս֣֮ŭץɱ֮ϣʮɶྪˣԽὣ׷һ顣
Ӽִ߶ɽħɷ֮ǿƹ£ɽὣͷһһ㽣ɱ


1661 ɱ
ʱ˿̣ͨӱȵľͨԪ˭Ԫ棬˭ƿͨħɷ뽣ɱԨʯϡ
ɶ޷ġ涼עǿ߽֡
ֲ°ٸغϣŮͷŽâʦ֣ҿҲ졢죬ҲΪֲѹˣ
ΪܶԸ
ΪɻʥǿߣܶԸһͨɣ
ҧͷŸལɽзڡ
ಣ
֪ͨʰɣһͷԨȡҩΪء
ͬʱŮӹ˲棬ɱٽһֻͨͫ׳һЦҩнɸ߶ȣâҲнһλɣժȡҩҲûǸ
ֶԸͨɻʥǿ߶ԣһʲôǣɶǶû˿в
ҩ֮нɸ߶ȣԵõҩ
һƺɻʥǿ֮С
ৣ
Ϣ֮Խǧףڷ֮У·ǿֲҽҩҲ漸·ɼҩʯ֮У걦ҩɣһ͹ʵ
֮ǰõҩȫͬ
ȻҩҲкܶࡣ
ٿһЩϣһ統ɳĮȡ걦ҩһҩâ赲⣬Ʊҩâ֨֨顣
ıҩâ
Ѫ
죬죬ﶼ޷ӹ˵ķ
ŷبһ̣ѪӿſͿʼɱҩΧһâ
ﵽƱҩâһǰʼɢ
һ걦ҩջķᰡ߹ǿɼڵҶͻɶ죬̤죡
˿㣬ڶ
ʦãСӾȻа취ҩȥҩҪУ
ϢϷΧɱͨ޷ռƣͨħɷͨɱķǳֲ
ӷܿƱҩƣɵɫ䡣
ŮҲԾһɣܺ˸߼ҩŻŻɱ档
֪ʵ
ͨɲǱʵͨƿһɺ˾ոɱȥŮӣһԨսɻ緢
Ůɿֲ湥ƣȫɽֵ
ɻţŮֻ۰ͰͿ·ҩΧâա
ɶ񣬴ǽ죬ΪʦãȥҲɻգյһ飬ʵͨ֡
Ҫߣ
Ȼߣ׻Ͽգͨӡǣǿڱٴ
֮ҲճֲɻΧƲںϣ·ڱΧϢ
ǡʥ۷巨ŮҲᱦͷ֪һɢޣΪ
ּ֣ΧƣæɽҪߡ
ʦãִ߶һסƣҪԴַǽܴ߶Ĵڣóֻǿ߶һΣ
ʩչŽ
ɸоԨһƣҪɣ֮Խɶԣַǻġ
Ǵ߶ɽ֮һɱգһȦȦһ㽣
ڴʱȻн
¡¡һһɽˣ뱦ҲˣһɲǼҲ֮С
濴ϷװգˮＤɻɱκɡ
ҩâһ룬ѪһЩժȡҩֿǧѪһҩâС
ಣ
Ϣ֮
ϷУŮǱɽҲƿأֶ

һӰƺţҪһ㣬ȴͨһ̤ӥšС
ֻӲѪɢҲ޷ʩչһм֮
ħϲū඼ŮūûôҪǿ󣬾͵ͨ˵Ǵ߶Ե
㡢ɱңҿɻʥŽɵӣɱˣͻΪɻʥص׷ɱı˶ã
أ
Ϊָ˲лԴԪƬһغ
вӣͨʬֱ뱦֮С
ҳ
ŮӾͬǰɱһɰ˫һû־
ҲɣʱǺŮУʧͨ
ߣҩâʧ࣬һԵš
ֹȥʮϢҩΧʩչиæȪ֮Уɺҩ
Ҹطɱҩǿʵٽ˷Ԩһˡ
ԼѰһʯѨ滹ǧңͨΧ桢һ뱦֮УٽΧøӦ󷨣óոյõıҩ
ͨ涢űҩˮ걦ҩûѪõЩҩ߼ҩֻ֮һ


1662 
㹻ʵˣһһھ֮ƺʩչ컯
ΪɵͨԭٶȣӦñܶ࣬ȴٶȲ࣬Ȳ档
Ƕ컯кܴϵϾͨŹûѪ˫㡣
ɱҩֺ鵤ƷƷ鵤
Ѫɣֵȼҩֻ̫ͨΪһ˿˿

󣬱ҩһ롣
ͨץӱ֮Уַɳ̺Ѫ
֮ǰնɱʬƶɣһɻʥŽɵӣΪʳ
һͨƶĽѪڶʱѹȣǱӴѪɡ
ѪǺܴӵвʣպùɣ֮ԪͿ챬塣
ܸȣǾҾСϣͨɲ҇Nɪ
컯֮Уںϸͨʱһ߶ȣвٰ
鵤ԼѪ
Լºһͷը
Ҫͻˣ
ȥ⣬þɲͷԪ
䣡
ǿ߹ƣڵžѪ衣
ӭ飬ҪϢιȥͻϰߣֲ죬ͽˡ
ɶͬʱҲʼѪ鵤
ѪȻϧϾ̫֮಻Ҫλѹȣʹ಻ҪȥںϽ˷ʱ䣬ܵĥҲ޷ȫںϡ
ѪͲͬΪʿκξ涼ںϣʵٶȷɿ죬ûκʹ࣬ޱ泩
죡
尲Ϣٴɱ䣬ΪԵ
죬ʵѪ涼ɱ䣡
漱æصҩǰҩʣ¼
ͨóһŽѪ棬ԼɱҩȥһֱɽѪ
ˣ֮ǰնɱ߹ڵңǵΟʯ񣡡뵽ʲô
һӡ澹һѪӣʵﵽ۷߹ֱ
ΟʯȻӡȻʯ
ʯǱΟƶɣʶӳ֣ȽʯȪ
Žɼ߹ڵҪܳһʱ䣬ҵɣһŽ۷ڵ˲佫ը
Сڵڡ
ҲǴӷɽ磬һɴڵδɴڵ
˫㣡
ಣ
û뵽һϢ·һ㣬ڵոƤʹһϤϢ
Ϣ˲佫ڵѪ֮У濴ڵǹ
ѪѪ֮Уڿڵ
ڵ˫ҰΧ˫㻺ζδʼɴڵ˫ϢԸоǳ뽫ڵɡ
ѵڵȴҵ
һĻǳѽ⣬껹ʱֻҪõ飬򽼸ɡ
ڱ˫֮󣬾ͺҪû˫ֻܿڵ
Ҿԣ
û㣬˵ŹֱѾõϿɡ
ͷ־뾫㣬ڵͿ
һٶ˲ף滹üͷ֪һвУϾӲ֪ʩչ㡣
ಣ
ͿʼڵһǴɵȴһա
ɹˣҪԦ㣬ȻѣҲԿСǰ㣬Ϊ򵥷ʽͨ˵ã
ϲɹףַ˫ɴڵû뵽ϣ͸һ⡣
ֻΪ̬С
ô£㾹˹仯֮ϸһԭ㱾ûб仯
仯ǲ⣬̬ˣҴɱһģһ
ˣ
֮УҲѪ鵤Լҩһںϡ
ӭڴʱزѪʮѪջ棬һεѪʼ룬֮һѪʼûΪ
ǵ򽣬ɳһ֮ΪѪɱΪ𻢵Եʣ
һ̣˫ɴڵزѪ󣬾ѪɱΪһѪ׵
ѪѪɱģ
ȻһֻȻĴ򽵽˫㣬Ѿ߹ǧУ̤ɽҲаꡣ
շ˵ɣ˵һм˫Ѳϵ
ɰɣԽ࣬ѪԽǿ󣡡ЦҲõɴڵ⡣


1663 յػ
˫ȫƴڵɴڵûжٱ仯ڵ֮֮Уɵزȫںϡ
ʵ˫ɴڵʱʱ̿һ
鵤ѪҩͨƶʽѪһȥողͻ죬ȻԪѷǳȣﵽ״̬
ץʱ־Сǧִ߶־֮ڵٶȣԼӿһЩ
־򽣬Ҳ㣬մ߶ؼ־
߲Ԫӡǡȭ֮ͫص㣬Ȼöɲ
ˣ
ȻһϤŮ
濴Զԭڱ֮£ͨ컯ɽɸ
ɻʥźŮӴӱ֣ͨ£ĻһӢӡ
ԺŮūʵҲ͸һ·ҲǸʦ³ҿɲٽɸˣƿغŮͨЩ귲ԵӰӡ
Ůͱͨʵŵһ·κɻʥϢﶼˡ
ֻͨһŮūˣ
ͨʹһŽѪŮ֮ԾٶȻָţʳŮСҥһΪɻʥ֮Ǻĵӡ
ˣħϲụ̄ҲƩ罣󷨣ԺҪǿߣǣڽ֮Ҵ߶ҥͨʵʵ㱨
ū飬ڷ̫ˣܶǿ߽ˡ
ͨʵҲﵽ۷壬ɽʬ壬Ǳҩ˵ɰ죬ɱѣҪڽ𵤣Ҫͨ𵤲̣Ǿͨɡ
𵤾һܲܳΪλߣԽɡ
ˣ
һ˶档
ں϶꣬ͻ죬ʵɱ֮ҲܸӦϢ
ɻһ·ðգ֮ǰɽǿɱһղãһҽߣٱҩٹᱦҩԪӷæ
ٱҩ
һ걦ҩͻһ磬ܵõ౦ҩһʵһͻơ
ٽһᣬͨæ·òҥ·һ˺ܿ뿪Ԩ
ɽڲ̫嫣Ҳֻ֪һ嫾ɽڲռΪθ˸оûоͷһ㡣
ٺɽǿߣ
ҥͨš
һɽۼŲǧɽǿߣǺɽһӪء
˸ı䷽ƹɽ̣ѹǿߣҲʮˡ
мɻʥŽɵӣ
ϧЩںɽУһӶٻŻȥ
ʮȻ¶
ԽգǰﾹȻһƬ
һƬһƬӶʮڻ֮УʱʱһضһЩЩض룬ΪֲǣЩ֮од
Ǵ񼫱ɫ棬ɳ壬ڻ֮ߣ״̬£ɫ֮ҽȫһҲټ
в˳ضЩɫŴӻ֮˳͵Ϯһˡ
ǵ׶ʱҽ䣬һ˶֪յأ·ҽռ䣬ϵʯʯͨ£ҥǴ
׶
棬ɻˡˣٶȷһЩϿգһض
мǱɳһˣյûڣиûзɳãȻȫŻ𣬷顣
̫ˣ
˵׶֮УԺڰǿߣ𶾷ǳ£ɱմȾҲᱻգ飡ҥ˵
ͨͻȻ뿴˵ڰǿߣǺ¹ߣԼ𣿻յ棿
ڰǿߵȷ¹ߣֻǴ󲿷֣һֺڰɽ֮УͨЩɣҥæ͡
ضһһڻ¯ӣ¶ûȥȺ
ȻҲûѡˣԷС
ΪɣоϿҪڻƵģ¶ʵ£һڵؽͨɽҲᱻڻ
ɳԽɡɣһɣѾΪһˡ
ͨҥȻĶ࣬ҲҴ⡣

ͻȻӸʯüͷ档
ʱʱ̷̿Ż棬һ
ͨնָץһħָɷֲдɨ㣬پ˹ȥ
ͣ
ͷ򲻵ԼҲʬ
ͨɲɹȥ֮Уҳڵ治ҪóȥҲǮ
£ˣͷһЩϢǧ׻ضԨΧֲѷͨ
ոͷԪעһᣬϤϢǰ΢΢ͷţϼҲ
¹ɿ桢ţֶ


1664 ѹ
ԽһԨҲһЩھֻʯЩ漸ÿ䶼С
ʱԨǹҽһȥ˲ճɻҽ
ϢԽԽˣҽ֮һЩ棬Ȼ࣬ʵŽ۷ʵ̫ˣֲͨҥı˿⡣
ﻹд֮кڰǿߣ
¡¡
ǰҽȻһɳˡ
ͷһȻһҽٲü˼ʶȻ컯
ٲֻҽһǰͷﾹһ涴ߣǲҽըϰٵãɡɡɱ𵴡
ҩζͨæɳ
ԪֵشϴǾ棬һȺԺڰ֮ԨǿסˣҪģһ쳣Ӵ¹ϢڰӦţҲ֪ʱɱ
ʩչں֮һƬƽ֣ʩչ֮˲Խҽ
˼ϾȻΟǼһϢΟߵһ𡭡
ǻٲ֮£ӿҽ֮Уһ˫ڰ˫ͫΧҽ룬ȴС


ԨΧӴ桢һЩǿ֮Уһۿ¹ɿ桢ţ֣ɻĴɣɱһâ
ˣ˶ȥ
ϴڸˣ
һ
ǿ໥ɱһЩʿרŲס¹ɻһˣȻֹǿǰâ
Ϊ౦ҩ
ɿ桢ţʩչС󣬾ȻܿסɹƣʱޱȼԶԶ
ֻλɣǰҲ󣡡ɻĴǿעҲ棬ȴһɱ
ˣһȥᱦҩҪҥ㣡ΧͨͷŽɡ
ԼģڲҥͷŽһƽԼǿˡ
ԼҲܱ㣡
ҥΪǰҲͷϢƺ޲˳ȥ
оƣҥĮҲ֪ΪΣԸһɵ࣬ߣɵһץһѣ
ʲô˼ȻЦǰҲֻͨ˰ˣ
ţƤƣұ㣬ǰֵһᣬҿбȥɱɣδĸ˿Щд󱳾ɹ塣

֮УһЩˣԼһЩɢǿߡ
ͷҽ
ˣԨ棬Ա֮ǰЩ̫࣬ܽҽɣҽ㹻һɷɱ
һĻҥʱӡ
һͷͷſ죬ҽ˳ҽһɹɡһڽ
ҥͷ𵴲ƣЩҽ飬ǵ
ʲô˶ȡҩ
Խʮͷ棬Ȼһסˡ
ֳǿߣҥٴУ汣ں󷽡
˫۾˸ӴӴøɫŮһϳֳǿߣ¸֣ҲеʶҳӴΪŮˣҾͿԱһС
ɻġҥһͨ죬ʲôʱɻʥŵӱӣ˵Լɻʥŵӡ
Ȼ㲻ʵҾͽѹٺ٣
Է˹һƺɣ޼ɵγһɸ߽û
𣡡
ԷҲʵҥץɽɱһӡ
¡¡
ɹ˲𵴣˭ҲûռݾƣɼҥʤһԭԷֻһɡ
Ϣ֮󣬲ҥͷŸӡһνӡںϣΪ׽ն
û뵽㻹죬Ҹ߳һ磬ͨ˲Ҳͷɽ

ϧСҥһŮˡ
ʱһЩǿߣʱʱ̶̿ǷǳŮˣ׵ģŮϡ
Ȼûڰ׽ӡնɽɽ󲿷ֽƣԼȴɣѪ
ֳǿߣˣõԮٴǰ
ҥߣһ֮дʮˣֳ뽣ǡ˭
˭ȻǾΪǿ󣬽ҲֳҲɻʥΪıǿһߣӦǾߣҲޱģɻʥҲҪӣ
ҥһƳɱɣһɶ죬һ죬Ҷ֣
ˣˣһָ֮ǰȻˣɻͷƣһͬɱɽ
бȥɱɣǸˣҺ棬֮ǰţ˰ɣߣ
ҥٴУ亹
˵ˣȻ֣ĪǻҪҽ㲻ɣ淴󷽷һ
㡭
òҥҲܵȥâһͬɱӡһɻɫƲʣΧһҽ룬ȥ


1665 ɻ
ҥɻʥŽɵӣϵյأͨյҽںϡ
ǴӣеЩɢ޲ӵеġ
Ȼãֳɱâաѹòʧ
һͬâ֮࣬ؽ۷ɽһͬƻͨʸնҥ
ҥֳɽ޷ܣɽնɹɽɡ
ǿɽɱнɽ࣬ײ֮ͬʱ𿪡
ҥһɽֶȥ
ߣǽ죬ҲǣʵһɽԸɽԽѹɽ֮ûж뱾ɽ棬ԷɣɵЦŲҥǱɡ
ɱ
˿ɲƲ磬ʱֻӲϧ
һץɽͷ֮ɱɽѹҥ
ٿҥˣȻڶʱɽץֻܴâɱ

ͻȻʩչ֮ٶȾڽɣԽɣ
䣡
Ҳ֪һռʱɱֳ־ҥֻһɣ֮ʣȴֽƲϴ飬˲ɡ
һһֲַʽһУɱȫܡ
㡭ҥ˿Ͻ鵤ָץסɽȴʱŵһʱδһ㡣
ʱϢȫһɣȽɸΪ䣬ʲôҲû˵ת
ȵңҥҲûȥ˽ͨʱʱ̱̿档

һīߣǽΪɱ˻棬ֳǿҲˣǻˡ
ʱҥ߲Ȼŭۿòɱһ·˰·֡
תɱһӥצ
һǳɱӥצɣ߽һɱӥצɱͷʮצҪ˲佫桢ҥץ֧顣
һɡҥһ࣬ϽҪץסܡ
û뵽滹ֱǰӥצɱʱҥѾ޷ֹֻ渣
䣡
Ҳ֪һǽӥצɱƻһӣ˳ƽӥצɱɡ
ӥצɱɱһγǻ֮⣬һʱΧκɱ𵴸Ϊҫۡ
ۣ
ɰߺȫգ׹ҽ֮С
ϴ䣡
ڰǰˣ
ֳʮǿߣΧɱɻ˵ˣԼ¹桢ɿţһС
󷽰ӥצɱɱƣҲһ𵴶һնһһ
ǼɳһΪɢޣɰ죬ʵﵽɾ죬ҲһȻһоͰˣ
ֳǿһ㵿桢ҥЩš
ҵС
ɻʩչΪĴ֣Ϊһ㽣ֳֵǸΧɱ
ǰһֻ̻ǵ棬ǰ¹һˣЩˣһʱ䲻Ȼһнһɸֻܡ
Χκһ˼һĻΪһ
˵ʱʱ죬ҥͬʱΧżֳǿߴû°ɣ
ϴ󣡡Ƕ˹
ֵ£˺ЩֳЩһԸֽЩҩȡ
ЩͰˣСֳǣֳǣǾֳǵˣ㣡
ʮǰһֳǽ󣬱һ㣬ֳǿ֮а룬һӡŹһƾк
ҥոҪּ֣һ̡
¡
˫ɲըѣӡķѣ澹ǿԽɱɡ
ɳױŭˣŲٽɣȻ޷һɣȫͷɽһݴɲ裡
ģҲΪ

Ҳ֪ε˿˲䣬ɽɣˣǸɸදҲûС
˫Ŀ£һɱײɴ⡣
ǿ󣡡
ɻΧĴɣ׿ˡ
һֳǿߣһӣһϢҲǽɣȻƣΧκνɣɱֳǿߣӴֳУҲڻıκβ㣬ȥڰ֮ԨֵطؽǧУȥ˽СӸˣ
ֳǲƣ½ǿߣ쵽ΪֳΧɱ֮ɱ桢ҥ
һǿߡ
ɻ߽ѹ٣ɱһξѹֳʣɡ
С󣡡
ɿΪĴɻ˵˹֮ҲɱһɽԸɡ
һӽ쿪ʼֳ׷ɱ󣡡ΪɣҲһֹΡ
Сӣ
ٿⷽ
ֳǿɱȻǽ죬ɱϾǽɣԸһǴ´ࡣ


1666 ֳǿ
һ㣡
һκֱײȥ
úεֶΣܽɣҥͻȻ·𱻷Ƶģԭز֪롣
֮ǰͨ棬أ
ȫ岻ֳ֣֮ͨɣһ쵽죬Բ֡
ҲвλɣɻʥһɵӣҲ޷һǿߡ
䣡
һϿպɱһš
һɹɱը֮һһֳǺ½ɣűըɣÿû³
ֳɡ
·Ǿܣмɡ
¹ĴϷǱֳߴǿ߹Ƶס
һȣҲ֪һһֳɹơ
ԭֻСһԲ˼ٶȻص䡣
գۼ䣬ֳΧɱɻ˵Ƚɣס¹Ĵ﹥ƣˮ̣Դݿ֮顣
ߴֳǿ߶ǽɣŹƾ湥ȫ飬һ浱С
ϴ󣡡
ɿ桢ţΧ¹Ҳ۵ɫ԰ס
û¾ͺã½ѪܿûˣοŴңȻóѪɡ
ֱӶȡҩ
ֳǼշԸɻ˵ˣâȥ
ʱɻ˴ĴɣҲӶã
¹Ȼǰϣ㣬ֳǹȻ޷κǣҲҪȡҩʮ걦ҩֳǣҲܰװ׸ǣ
ãȻжԸʵʵҲɱȵһСҩֺö󣡡ɻ֮ͫȻź桢ȣʱʱעֻϢ档
Ҳ벻ףΪһֶΣ֮ǰδ浱һֻа¹ڡ
һ·ǼʩչСܶԸɣ¹ҲӦλͨɣȻ⼸Ѱʿһ򵥡
ߣ
²˳٣Ҳֳǿ߳
ҥȻ棬ͻȻϴŮ˭Īѹһɣ
Ҳҥʱһɣ
ɻ˵ȽɻҥһǿߣǿλǿߣΪθһɺ棬һΨΨŵŵӣҲ
ͨѹģɲң浱ż˵Ӧ
ͨ
ǼһﲻͱѹʣԪ˸ӡ𣿡
ͨЩϤž÷ǳϤǿǳɽ磬һ޵ж֡
˵ںϣɽʬ壬һɸ֣Ǻܼܿˣ
˷ֿʮ꣬ǴܶϷҴҲ뵽һԪοһɡ
ΪҲֲ
Ϣ
ɻϢÿ˶ǰö桢ֳǿڹҩâһЩɢǿߣ
ǰҽ֮УΪҽγһУҽдϷһྪâϢΪһ㣬赲ٹɱȥ
Сģʩչϻ֮ǲܶԸЩˣɻˣΧĴȥһ⡣
ͷŽʽɱâ
£Ҳͻˣ
ʱǿƱҲģɻӦûδʩչʵ
ǿڣⲻ
桢ɿ󡢺ţҪһŽѪĴ¹ΪϢ
¹ͻɣӦǰͻƵģһ죬ʵҲж졢졣
Ĵ֮У֮ǰֻʵ桢ţ֣ʵнһ¡
֮ɿʵֲɣʵҲܴﵽ졢졣
һʲŵ֪ǵЩѪ鵤ãѪħֱȷֿ֮壬ǵõɻ˼ʱȡ
Ժ󣬵õɻɱӻʱʱ̶̿鵤鵤ѪʵȻÿʱÿ̶
һɻҲһʵҩ
ֵҩΪǵר֮壬ɷúҲĪô
ؼɻ˲˰¹Ҳǵɿ桢ɿţ֣ռʵһЩҲϸ;
ǵ
Ӳֵ֪ҩ鵤֮ԲںҩѪҩ
ɿǵֵ֪ҩ֮һһЩɣרŴɵ屦
ɻˡƾЩܿɻĴǼˡ
¡¡
һ̣ɻĴǿߣʮͷ潻ˣʮɱЩ汾ǿﵽ۷塣
ʮը޷ǰҲ顣
Ⱥɻ˶ŭˣǾӢü֮У·Ҫɱȥ
¹ȻԱߣСȴƬ̣¸ֹ󣡡


1667 ʧ
㻹и֣żɻˣȽĿ档
һɾȻֽǰƶݡ
ˣ
ˣ
ո˵꣬û뵽ǰʮͷϷͨǿƣڶߺ
죿
ΧֳԾ
ȻǸ֣λˣѾ֮ͥһܳɣҲֻЩƽɡ
ϲȻͨԪϢϴϢ
ٽʮͷߣһӡ
⣬
ͨ˫ֽӡͷһħɷâ
ȻһڱͻȻɱʼֻаɰˣɱʮͷ֮Уûɶʮɰ羪ˡ
䣡
ֻѹ˷ըһɹɾɱһͷͷ棬ǵҶǱƾߡ

ǡǱʥͨɱӦǽ۷巨ˣ
˷֣κνɶ֣
ɱֶͨסˡ
ͨϴǿڱǶûȻֵõܶôˣһöţ־ˮ
Ǹϴܵõô
ҲǿͰһģ
ȺˡΪΪģ֪
ǰɻҲһֱȻ֮У´桢¹ִʱÿ˵ġ
ˣ
ͨԦǿƶվͲ湪
һɻ˵ȽɳղŲǴţ
Ҳڲòţһɾ˽ǿߡ
ҩΣͨǰʵ
ͨش𣺡ҩʮӣոճ죬Ϊҩ̫࣬һͬ죬Գâ̫ǿâﵽ۷߶ȣ״飬֣ǿԴâƣ
ɻһͺܷѽ⣺ôˣҲɣƽɣȻʱȥûɱȥõһ걦ҩ
ֱͨҡҡͷҩ̫࣬ʮ걦ҩ֮ǰ˶ȡһ걦ҩâҲﵽɷǳ߶ȣʮ걦ҩһͬâȻΪ
Ŀǰʵִһӣȡҩ⣡¹ɻˣֶס
浱ˣǾͶ֣ûи˷аҩ
һļϣ˭Ҳûԥͨɻ˵ȽɷǰΧЩ汻ˣҲֹ
ʮϢҩâǰζÿˬͨâЩҽΧһ걦ҩ治ǹʵǻ̬ıҩ
ÿһҩ澫ŮǰޣɡɶΪ֮ԡ
ɿ̰ЦǺǵô౦ҩܵõô࣬˵ǧ꣬Ҳ㹻ˣЩҩƺղҽҲǵػ𡢵طξϵͨĪ
ֱͨӴ߶ϣҵʩչֶϣʱͨ
ֶΣ
ɿ桢ţְмһ˲䣬ʼʩչ컯
ɻҲʲãĴɸ֣ע֮С
ͨһֻ¡һбҩââͲ
û飡
ʵɻĴɸ֣ڶ֮ͨǰһɡ
â̺ҩڣõôͷʼɳâ
ĴȻҲ˶컯ұͨŴͨһâ

һâ׹⻷Ȼס¹
ö˲ˣûж˵ʲô󷽿ʼâ
ǰͨɻ˵Ƚɹâʲô󷽳⣬ʣ¾Ǵɾ
ΪâΧڱҩͷųȻϢǼӿȥ
ɻ˴ż֣ͨһδιâǱҩҲ֪ҽػ澫â˼Ӳ
ʱɻȻҲڵΧҲǵ¹Σ
ֻǴһɨټ¹һڱͷŸӦǰâϢ˾ۼƺ˸ˡ
ӣΪâⷽǾۼ̲ס棬ɻ˳
¹һǴޱȣƺû뵽ɻ˻ʣ㣬ʩչһŴͨ޴ӱҩͷǼӲâ磬â
ֱâӣ̫Σ˰ɣҶ֪ǰâ̺ҩҲ̺ͬƬյظָֻС֣󲿷ֶǸָھͻᵽǷɡ
ʩչŹǳԽκθϢȡоԱҩâ
벻»ͨһǼͷС·Ҳͨ
һֱ棬ȻõĴڣ赣ģŹκɵĴڣ

ɻЩЩ
ҲǼʶ֮ˣǵһμɱҩâڲôȡҩѾʼȡҩ
Ĺ


1668 ҽ
䣡
ʮιâ粻֮Уһα󶦹ǰâ׹â롣
ɹˣͨѡ
Ƿ򿪿ӣ
Ҳ֪Χ˭ߺһ
ƺ˶עȺˣ󲿷˶ⷽâ
ɶӺòײҪâǾȻɱͨҧгݣûа취ֹôˡ
ɻҲɭɭΣЩ˿ɶϼ޻֮
䣡
ٴɱɱʮˣһͬɱɱΧϰ˷
Ǿ͵ǽâ飡ͨɻ˴
˺һЩϽɵҩָ
ԼʮϢ󣬾ɴֻǲһһڻؿը
˽ȥˣ

һȽâ飬ɽɱâƬ׹䡣
Ľ˵һɱȥ׷׳ȥȻеڶ˽ɱâռ䡣
ҲâһԾ¹ɻˡͨȷɳ
Ȳʮ˷ɽȥǼ˲һӣ󲽳âռ䡣
涼ǱҩԼâһϢޱӯ
Ȼ
Ǽ˸Ͼ˼ȥҩǰ
Щͣ桢¹ɻˡͨҲǣΪǿһӰӰӣ·ҽ
һӲסһâǸɡ
ɣԼΪĳˣӺ͵Ϯ
ոһҪģתɱûü֣ͱǻ泤Ӳ֮·ҽ֮С

һ
һǰˣһһ泤͵Ϯм֮ͱǻ泤ҽ֮С
ǰһǿһЩٷһҽС
һҽУͷô󲿷侲ֻм˼Ҫҩ
ҽ֮бüճޣһɡɾҽ˲
֪ҽйʼ׼ɱɷֽٶȷҩ
ҽ涨йԼģ
ˣǰ׾һ걦ҩ
˵бҩõһ걦ҩɿԳΪɣٽɿԳΪƽɣ
ˣǰ˭ܸģ
桢ɻˡ¹˶δץɽҽ쿿ҩ

ԶͻȻһײҫ
һɱɽպɱдҽ͵Ϯ泤ޣû뵽ǳӲҲﵽɱ
棬ںϣܸܲӦҽ·ǸϹӣת
ʲô
нʵҲɣʵǽӽɣѿɽͷųӦ츳ͨ

һһںϸӦҽǶȥ
ҽͿʼܷգؾطξ̫ˣΪء
츳Ӧٱ룬͸ҽ·ɾٽȥ
ͫ
һ̣ҲʩչһֱͫȻδɹ˫ʮ
Ӧ츳ɲֿ͸һɶҽ
ڼ˶ǳʱһͬһɶ󣬻鴥֡
Щ־͵ϮϷЩ泤ޡ
·Щ֣һҽ·ˣЩѾûڱԡ
Щǿ̫࣬ҽ棬ЩӲȶɱ࡭
ԭҽ֮£һ
ˣ쿴Щҩ·ƺֿ˹⣬ʲô
Ҳٹעǰȥû뵽Щҩ붼ҽ֮С
бҩҽ·һ𣬾Щ֮УһһɴСʯ
ʯ챻ĥһʯӣҲ֪ʲôʣЩҩסӦǺʯҩס
ɻϴȫʲô⣬ɿ󿴿֪ʲô
ɿںϸӦ֮Уɿʵǿ
ܿ쿴ҽ·ǵҩסĺʯʱ𺳵ǿǴ˵֮еĶô
ʲôû뵽ɿ֪ʯ
ˣǿɲһ㶫
ɿٿۣ͸źںڰ֮˵Ķ
ڰ磿
֪Ϊɿ˱飬˭ǺʯȻԺڰ硣
ɿ渵ˣʯʲôͨʯӦǴ֮УɺڰγɵһֿռʯڰƳΪʥǼʥҲǿռ֮ͬ󷨱ȥڰɽ֮䡣
ʥ
ռ䴩󷨱
һͨʯ˲
ûϴȻ֪ɿǰΪͥһͷЧԺʯǱһЩɡ
ʵ֮ǰҲЩԥǳȷǺڰ֮ţɺڰƶɡ
ڰ羿һ磿
˴ӷɽ磬ǿԨʵǿԨǺڰһ֣ڰ磬ǿ֮УЩڰûжеǾ޴ѷ죬Ҳһ޾Ԩڹżںڰ粻ټ¼ڰͥҪ󣬶ҺڰԶ͵ˣԺڰǿԶѪ


1669 Ժڰ
ͥҪ󣿡
ǰڰкܶǿҲУҲйںڰ磬ڰԶһͥ֡ռ磬йʱһδδս֮ǿڽ󲿷ֺڰڰ磬Żʱðɽǿ߶Щս֮䡣
ڰ֮Ӧ˵Ǻڰƶɣ
ڰ߿ɲǺڰ֮ԨЩߣЩڰǿߣЩţӵǿͨطһЩڰڰ֮žһ֣û෨ǰĿֺڰ֮ſúڰ֮ͥУͨطúڰͥͥ͸ȥڰ磬ֺڰ֮ǺڰҲܴƣȻһ飡
˵ɿ֮гš
ʱŶĻû˿ɡ
ɿֵˣڰ֮ŴйʱʧˣʱǱǿһ飬ǷӡһЩڰʱգΪ˺ڰ֮ţڰȡͥˣڰ֮Ǳ֪ͥһ޴籩ڰֻ֮кڰǿ߲գͥȻڰǿߣЩܺڰͥ
ô죿ܼڰ֮ţ͵ûɡ
ӣһ˽ڰ֮ŴߣܱڰǿգξǸ֪ͥͥڰ֮䣬ͥȥҲһ֪ͣͨͥǿ˵Ϊͥ´һԻȡɱҩλȵȣ
һڰ֮Ӱ
˻֪ڰζʲôڰˣڰǳ£ǿκʣԺڰͥǽһƽ٣
Ȼڰ֮˲ҿ϶ǲܽ飬͸ߴô
ĥţֿҽǿڰ֮ţüϧҲʶֻͥŽЩ飬ֲͥɹ־˵̫ңԶ̶֪ͨɹ߲㣬ɹȥȡϵ
ɿѣˣҪ£뾡֪ͨ㿴ǿڰ֮뱦ҩһ𣬹ǽĳֺڰطںϣһֱڰ֮ɺϣһҪרȥҺڰ֮ţҲģ
ûʲôѡЩơ
Զ߽ǰɿͻȻʾ濴ɻˡ
ɻͨСҩ
˵ɻˣ
һֱһ𣬵֪ⷽͥһҵλͣںڰ֮Ŵڣ۷ΪԴطڶʱ֪ͨ
ҲǡֻǱ𣿡
Ȼˣˣڰͥͥ꣬ڹżϿڰַ磬ǽƽ٣һڰ֮ŲغɽϢ֪ȥҲ͸ɻһ飬֪ͨڰ֮ϢԺˣǣɿǳȡ
ѣ
㰵д¹ɻ˻
ʲôҪ£
¹ɻ˺ʮɣǰ԰¹˽⣬ʲôҪ顣
ȿ
ʱҲ˼ںܣ츳
Ӧ˸ӦںϣͷŸӦҽܿ쿴ǿڰ֮뱦ҩһ
¹ֳԾʲôƺ뱦ҩĳϵ
ڰʡ˭֪ɻ˲俴
ֵȻû뵽ɻ˾˼ʶһӿʯ
ɻͻȻ棺ǲ֪
̽⡣
ҲûвţֻԲ̫ȷӣ˵Ǻڰ紫֮еĺڰ֮ţ
ȷǺڰ֮ţǿ֪ͨģʱɻ֮ͫ񣬱òϡ
ƺ벻һɣôϳڰ֮
ֳֻܱĬܸɿȷֵģһֻͨɿô֪ɽţǸ֣
ڰ¹ʱ⣬ɻעŲ㣬ʲôǺڰ֮ţӺټأ
ɻȴ棺ʲô֪
ҡҲ̫˵ףŮ˿Ǻ롣
ɻҲٸ涵Ȧӣڰ֮Ǻڰһ⴩󷨱źܶԺڰϹʱڰ緢սǰڰɽ磬ҺֲܳѹڰֱƻЩغڰ磬ڰֻ֮кڰ߲ƿأʧˣֱȻζźڰɽ͸غɽ£
û뵽ͨһʯ˲¹Ҳޱȡ
ڰغɽκһΪһЩغڰţǿߡҲִиֽڰΪ֪Ҳ֮У


1670 ͷ
ӣͷ֪ͨźڰ֮ǺڰƶɣȻ޷ӡԸ
Ҳûд֮ǰǿԣУϵұЩ߲㣡
ӣ㿴һҽ
ʱֽӦתơ
ԭͷ֣ȻǺ꣬츳ɻע⵽ͷųɣɶʩչĸӦ
洦ͷűҲɻ˿塣
ޣ
ҽӦ˲䣬¹Ųѡ
˶ҽһͷʩչ֣ϴҽ·͵ϮϷˡ
ɻϢһ䣺ԭһԺڰӦþ֮ǰЩ˵֮УϢҽڰǿߡ
Ǵɱ޷һɶĶ֮࣬ڰ֮Ŵڣڰ֮űȻϵ
ͷڰǿߣʵѳɣһ߶ȣǵȷԶԸġ
ɻ˻ɣΧ˶ܿ㺹֮ǰɽ֮кڰû뵽һкڰ֮ŴڣȷҪô֪ϢǺڰ֮ţŻڰǿ߿ͥ
˵棬ץһ
ѰɫҲʵɣϷ֣ڡ

ż˵棬ɻʩչִһָע֮С
ˣǡǿǷڹư
û뵽ǰ̽·ͨһ̷ô
ڣ
ͨһССɣ֪ɻڷڵĴڡ
ͨи桢¹ͥ˶֪ڣǱɻʥŻҪǿĴڣǵͥµʮϣɵͥﶼͥӣû뵽һŮӣȻԷڡ
ɻ˹ȻǴͷֲڵǹȻɱˣһ޼ɵ
ְʰ¹֮ǰ֪ɻԷڣ
ֻ˵ɽ֮ٸҡֻа¹ûжپȡ
С㣡
ĴҲɻˡ
Ϣ֮ɻ˽ӡȻýȥǰ·Ҽȡҩ
ֿ¹ģŵӱ鲼ͥո֪ͨŸ߲㣬ܿǿ߸
ˣ㿴ǹƺҪЩʬʲô潫츳ӦŴ
Ĵ⣬һŸӦҽҽʱʱ̴̿ڷ֮УһЩʯ׹Уð̾ͱһա
ﻹ޷𾿾ʲôǲٴնɱʮˡ
ֽʬţǺڰ֮ſ
ڰ֮ţǴðѪ
Ѫ󲿷Ѫںڰ֮ϣһʱڰ֮϶ǺѪһ߾ʬҲڰ֮Χ
ַ𣿡
ʱɻҲһͷˮ
ȴֻ濴òţоԽԽϤԺֵӵ޼һδ޼ĳ
ڰ֮ƺǼ֮ʱڰڽһԭʼﲻ޼ּ߶ȵѪ
һڰ֮žȻͷһɵ̣ʼΧʬ塢Լҩ֮â
ȻйŹ֡ɻһ̲ſ
ͨΧȻһ걦ҩƺźڰ֮ոâ
ӦЩҩϢȻϢٿڽĳѪڰ֮ţƺͬʱʬ塢ҩâ
һȣһɺɫǺڰ֮
ڰ֮ʬ塢ҩâãӺڰ֮Ϸӿһ˿˿
ҽ·ڰһִֿʼɺ
ڰ֮ͻȻ΢΢һΣû뵽·ĳͨһӰһ˳
Ӱڰ֮Ű˲䣬ͱΧҽط֮գǺӰʹӰΪһŻ
˼ϢǻӰԱߣԼ־סӰǴѪâ
Ѫâ·ĳúӰΧϨܵҽҲӰһӰһƤڵˡ
ʮϢһĻ¹̲ס⡢úڰ֮ţǿ𣿡
ɻ˿ٶӺڰ֮ų˲䣬ڰǿܵط֮գȻͥȻ֮Ǻڰǣڻĳ־֮󣬺ڰǿںϲãܿƵط֮Ӧͥؾڰȷúڰ֮ţһǿߴӺڰ֮ͥУ֪
ǰ걦ҩһǿߣǰϲߺ
˲佫עƿǰâڲȻ걦ҩºڰ֮ոҩâǰҫۡ
ɻһɨˣڰǿҪʲôûȥܣȻһҪõҩСĺڰǿߴҽ·͵Ϯһ׵֣ʱǽɸעκһлᣬҪϳֶȡҩ
˲䣬һֲͷƣץסɱ

˵ʱʱ죬뱦ҩԼֻʮɣ


1671 ȡҩ
ͻȻҽɱ֣Ĵɡ
׼Ĵɱɱס͵Ϯû뵽ɻˡͨҲ͵Ϯ
Զҩ˿Ա͵Ϯһ޷мܶã㱻־ҽ֮С
û뵽Ǻɫġ
¹ڽɺСǰ뿴津ֹɣҲſ崥ֲʲôɫɫһ㣬һЩڴ̡
ɫɱһײӲɱ̫ˣΧʱʱžžײˡ
Ĵɻˡͨɣҩɣ޷ٿһɫһɱ˵ȡҩ޷½Ҳᱻɫ˲ɱ
¹粽У˿̶ΪһɣȥǸܵõҩҵΪסһ
û취ˣ
ͨɻ˶޷ҩ
ǼֻɣͨʵҲ޷
һ̣ȥĻͲܵõҩ
ͻȻüҩɿ⣬Ȫ֮У¹ģòҥ
ɿ˳ȥһԽɻˡͨ
ˣģͨҪԳֶȡҩ
Ǿסעɻ˴˿ȻġܶȡҩɻЩġ
ֻҽ
濴һۣɿٶϣɿʱҲΪٶȸ죬ܿλɡ
ৣ
мɣ
ҽ֮ͻȻɱһɫ֣ſֲջ档
С񣡡ۿŴҪɱ壬ٶȾ硢ס
·Ȼ˸һɫӰӣС˲仯Ϊ˴С¡
飡
ɫֻСûСܵ˿𶯣ֱ˻ȥ
ڣ
Ϊˣû뵽С񷢳һʴˡ
æһСһɫҺ綾һСϣʼʴС
Ǻڰδ̫ЩһɱС񣬻һɣѱڰ֮ûˣ
ɫС񣬷·ҪСΪ촷ۣһʱԺڰɵ
ҲΪôˣ޷õҩɥںڰǿС
Сޱȼ̣ûбʴһ˿˿
ৣ
ɫɱˣȻ棡
ž
ôźڰֲ治壬еС
Ȼһֳ棬ʱСס
һαֻ¸ʴ̣Ϊǰܶȡҩ֪һɱ
ȻҲɿ󣺡ȥȡҩƺڰＸûлɱңעϣٶƣȡҩ
˷ģ
һɿ˳ȥ
Ϊڻɿ⿴һɱ߶СӭȥǹҪƺڰ
˵֮󣬹ɱ֣Ϊ˶Ը棬ûзɿѷ뱦ҩ֮С
ĪʲôΪɣ
ʮ⣡
ɻĴȻֻͨ϶Ը
֮ǰɣڷ汻ﴥΧɱܺúû˭𺳡
һâͻȻٶһɿ츳ٶݣ˳ҧһ걦ҩ˱ҩʵ
һűҩ֣
С㣬Щ˾Ȼܱǽֶθˣɾܶȡҩ
ţɿӲʶƵġ
죬ˣǱӵвǱɻ˻΢΢ࡣ
ɺԸﴥ֣ٴιȻ޷˵
ˣѵõ걦ҩ
Ϣ֮ɿ֮ߺ
ҩٵõ꣡ˣðֵõģɿûȥȡ
ˣ
һӦ⧲ڴ
Сǧӡ
ʯܹʮظӦڡ
˲ȪƯţΧһЩķӡͷ΢΢档
ƣӺ«ڷɳһСǧԼԪӡɫʯ
ǡΟʯ񣿡ԭ֮ǰɱ߹ʱӡǵʯ
ʯ񡭡
ǹΟһͼڣ
濴֮󣬷ΧӡԪСǧ𵴣ΟʯһаҪƷӡ
նɱ߹־ΟʴСǧԪӡֻҪΟ˿ϢӦӡڵһʱж
ΟˣϢ̫ǿһһξ룬ȥģ
ʯͿ治ɵٴν
λʶΧûǿаϢ˵ΟĿǰ⴦յء
̫áɿ׼ȥ
ɿѵõ걦ҩԵõ౦ҩòϽɻ
ɻ˷ֲԾɿԶȡҩΪηͶôˣ
ֲԤУʲôΣջή٣ѵõ걦ҩҲ̫̰ģһֵˣٳˣ
ʱɹ˲ɻʲôˡ
ΟӦֹʱʱ̻̿ɱ뿪Ϊء


1672 ڰǿ
׼룡ЩԸ⣬Ҳٸʵףɻ뵽ɿõҩͲ˵ʲô
žžž
汻߰˵ֹɿ˲ݺݴ߶С񣬵һСɱһȭ
һȭ̺СһѹγһοȭֿҪ֮ʧȥƷ׷׶ѡ
ಣ
ߣ𿴺ڰ֮ǰʼδ¹ڰ
Сġ
ɿ츳ٶƣߣ
ɶ񡭡ǸӵΟϢɡ
ҽ֮У
Ԩ֮Ҳû˿ԿһĹһ˫ڰ˫ͫ͸ҽ㣬ɱɭ
ߣ
ʱ˿̣
桢ɿա
ɻӼһȣͨϺͷסһ֮߶ɽɱȥ
ɽһ¡ɱҽ֮ʣѾŴ뿪ΧЩ˻ģϾкЩҩ
ˣ
ʮϢ
ͷƷɱӳһ֮⣬ٿǰ涴ߣкܶᱦҩһ¡
ϽΧȥ

һڰӰڼͷϮ
һƳһҽ𣬾ȻһȫƤһɫ׵ӡ
ӷǳ࣬һɸߣ壬ӳһЩƬֱвٴëһ԰ףûѪɫ
һҿʱɫͫȫһͫʯɫûеѪɫѪ˿
ڰǿߣɻ˾һ
Ǻڰǿߣ̲סһںԸΪĿźڼˡ
ڰǿû۾Ҳɨÿˣ˱ҩߣҩҺڰǿ߿ǺҪģҩǴߣͬҲҪնɱѪڰ֮ţҺڰǿߣ״ͥ
˷ǳߣ
Ҳԥźڰǿ߸ոճ֣ȥ
ȻϢ֮ڰǿ߲һоʮּѣ֮ͻȻԾ׷ȥ
Ӧ磬ζӺڼϰһЩɫƬ
Ƭ֮󣬾ڿһΪ촷ۣڼƤΪһЩ
֮Уһնͨں󷽵󣬼æҴڰǿǧ׺׷ٶĿǰǴ֣øϽ뿪Ƭյأ
ܿҽٲû뵽ȡҩ˿ٳ֣Щ˻֣ǵõҩ
ɱǣ
ǼɣһнɣҲɣ;òǿߡ

ʮ˷ɹϢ
ڼҪ׷ȥ֣ͻȻһڼˣ
ǼСҪˣڼ򼸴ɺһȭ
ʲôɱ
ȫˣڼ˲˲ĸǷë
ûа취һɱƣҪɱһ⡣
䣡
û뵽ཻڼһȭͽɹƣһըѡ
һɱ˲ըһغʬֱڼһֱ֮С
̫ǿˣһɱɣȻмλɣһ˿ɣ޷סһУ
ϷΪ֣ԵֵڼˣȻǿ˳ӳȥ
źڼһȭ͸ˣ
޷סڼһȭ
ӷëԼͬߣ
¡¡
ڼûннʬ壬ڣ
˫ֻץһʬ壬ſȽͷҧȥּھͽʬɡ

ҽٲϿգҪ뿪һ̣濴·ڼɽʬһĻʶڰ
ַɳǧף֪һ
ڼٶȱ֮ǰһЩ׷ΧʯҽҲγɿֲ˳ںڼٶ֮£䡣
ֳɻĴ֣֪ΪκڼʵΪһ˶ס
ͨ棺һʬ壬ٶȡϢһЩɸʬ壬ǡ
ҲȲǣһʬ壬ֻһЩˣֻɽһõҲԽ浹ǲмһˡ
Сɪɪ컯ֶΣ컯˴޼ǾȹͨоڰǿߣͿ򵥳˵õ
ಣ
Ͻ
ҽӵؿ߲Ϸɱ
ڰǿں׷ᣬԼ㣬ʮڷԨ½Ϸ
ӳˣ
䣡
󷽽žһըڼҲ׷ա
Ȼ˸׼ߣȴֺڼ֮΢΢Ӻ͸ĹߣŪϷճһɻ档
໣
ʹǺڰǿ߲ҽС
һĻ˷ѽޱȣû֣ΪκڰǿǱ
ɻͻȻˣˣźڰǿ磬ᱻȻ֮Ǻ⣬Ȼˣǲˣ׼ֻɱ
Ҫţɭɭ䣬׼֣


1673 Οɱ
ȷһ̳֮ڰǿߣֳǿʱ˾ûˡ
ɴʱּǺڰȻץ֮ǰɱľ߽ʬ壬һڿҧֱۣ⡢Ѫ˽ȥ
ԵĽǿʬԽ࣬ڰǿʬϻԽ
ã
淢һ亮ͨٶȷڰǿߡ
ɽʬ壬õӶӦɽȻϢ𣿡ɻ˿ڰǿ˹ֶΣʵŵòᡣ
ˣ
桢ͨɱڰǿǰʮɡ
ڰǿϻȫʧȻս˺ۣһҲʹ࣬վͷа񡢱亮
Ͳһߡ治ģֻʾͨ
á
󷽣˸ոתͿɻĴɣһͬ󷽺ֺ
ʲôˣʵʲô֡
ˣ
ٴδ΢΢
ͨҲʱϢܿɢȥ֣ˣǿ߸ӦϢ
ѵǡ̼䣬˫ͫŴ

һǷֺ
ɻ˼æͷƣǿߣǿߣ
ΟɣŹڰǿߣǷֺֿХһ
Οͨľͷƺһ̣Ϊα˸Ӧ
ŴӺڰͥ಻Ӧлл㣬㣬Ҳ׷Щˣ
һ̹źѹֺ
Ǻ֮УһһԺȫµĹˡ
ҲǺڰǿߣûȹǧףɻٴξ
Ǻڰǿߣ
˱а壬ΟƿƣҲִƱ
ѹѹϢڼˣһģһ
ѿ˱ԴͬȻͬһط
ɿɽԴɽڿ֮УͷͬʯڻҺһ
ͨи洫ˣΟȷǺڰǿߣǵã̶Ըңʱʩչ跨һľ񣿡
ľ񣿡
ɵ뵽ɽ磬ͨʱͨɾ죬ʵ̫ǿ
̶ɱǼ˾Σˡ
̶̶֣ͨʩչһľ񣬴Ӻľ֮ӿħ̶ͨ
ϸϸ룬ɵýͨΟʯϵһһĪ㵱ǵľҲԺڰ磿
ͨźˣһͨɢɣ۸õǺľѪףɹգҺԺڰһħǿȡøӦʱʼҾɱǿߣѪľҲòٺôʱҾ֪ľԺڰ磬Ժ󷽺ڼΟϢȷԺڰ磡
ԭڰҲѪ
ҡĻᣬֻǰľӡȻѪľҾľڰ֮һһּ֮
㻹ľЩ˽⣿
֪࣬ٺڰǿߣ֮ܶøַͥͬʱգúܶ˵õʼڰ
Ҽǵʱ̶˵ħ֮Сħ塯ħҲںڰ磿
Ҳֻ֪ħˣһŲ֪ͨľѪħǿҲͷ
ˣڰǿɱֻһս
ֽעǰǿһһ
Οڱƽǰ˾һ˰˵˲ˣ˵Ҳ
оٶȣǵ͸ſռơ
Ο桢ͨһҲܲˣ
󷽺ڼ˵ΟˣǿնɱǣҿԷ߽ʬ㣡
ǲͨڰ֮Ŵ֮ͥУΟʵ
ǵģˣ磬һˣϣһɱЩ࣡ڼ˿Ϳ
Ȼԣʵȫñһ֮λɣ֣
ЩٶȺܿ죬С˲磬֮ܵ޷ʩչȫʵҪϰɣܴﵽȥز
㱳ڰߣ
ˣС˷ϡߡֻһСС࣬һΪߵѪ̳
Ǻڰ֮УǰʮĺߣúãҾ͸ԵԺɱͥһҪΪֺڰߣ¼һⱲҲ㹻ˣ
лˣ
ְɣΪסȥ·һҲܲˣСӣɱ
ڼ˵ս䣬ΟͬϺڼˣһ֮ɱˡ
Οʱһ˫ڰ˫ͫ޲ý桢ͨ˲ˡ
Ҫǣ걦ҩܸҺڰЩǿߣȥͥ

ڼ˴Ӻ󷽽ǧףɵκҽӿһЩҺ塣
ɻ˴Ĵɣ˲¹桢ΧҵģݴźڰǿһǺڰ̺Ժڰֲɽ⣡


1674 ڰ֮
ڼɱɫҲħһֺڰаСŮӣһ
Ǻڰ»Լ߾𣡡ɽɻΧγɽ
¡
֮⣬ڼ˼ԦڰһȭɱΧҽ棬ɺڱ˲䡣
һޱҫ۴Ӻڼǰը
ɻͨҽȻ棬ȻȲͨ޳ɶɻ
ըյúڼ˺ڰһʧ
һδֵΟһŶǡĪͥڣ߾𲻳ɣ
һɻ˽ɰȻһЦȻ֪ǷڣǶԷڣ֪ɱֺڰʿŻһЩڰǿߣٹģ
ΟЦټɽ磬ͥв٣ӺڰͥôݣҲȻͽͥŪڵȷǿ󣬽֮£ϧﲻǷڣ
ۣ
Է߾𣬴ɻʩչڼ˺ڰƷգ
ƺڼ˸вɻˣΟ˵꣬ڼϺڰƶȻˣһʯһ㣬߾
С㣬ڰǿίʵĴɵһʱͷƣҪɻ˶Ըڼˡ
Һڰǿ
ڼԡԺڰ߾𣬷̤źڰˣһʮɣÿһɻ˹Ʋ顣
ӳ֣
ɻȻ֣ĴɴɻΧһſÿ˽һעǰ֮С
ɱ󣡡
ɻӡӡǻὫԪȫա
ڼ˳ɱգͻȻɱһһɱںڼϷ
ڣ
һ죬ڼ˴󲿷Ʊ顣
һӵһϷɱ¡һһ׽ڼ˺ڰ顣
ɻָܷܷâ仯ŵڶӰսɱкڼˡ
ûкڰƱĺڼˣһαɱһգбͷ
ڣ
ȷǴòͨ
桢¹ͨҥһĻĻкڼˣȻڰǿûм֮
ĵߵɱÿһȻкڼˣ޾֮С
ڰǿߣ֮գɱ˾ͨɻһ԰ףΧĴҲ۵
ڽڼΧУԷȻţȻˡ
ɻ˺ɳûʩչɽɱȥڼ
סǷڣ
ͷֳɽɱ˹ȥϻ湥ʱǻɱԷʱ
Ծ
ʤȻ桢¹Щ̫˳棺ڼΟǺڰǿߣڼҪնɱΪһҲżۿͬ鱻ɱ
ԣ¹æɻˡ

ˣ
ɻ¹ѣҲϲ֮бһء
ȴ˵ɻ֮Уɱâһɺڰ˳ûǿƽâ顣
¡¡ɸûзӦᣬͱǺڰ˳ûУ֪
ڼ˳ȻյýڣδˣǿҼסˣɾԱԣͬ
һץΧڰ̡⣬¡һзɳʬ塣
Ǹղɡ
ͣ
ɻˡ桢¹ͨ˵棬ڼ˽߽ʬһڿҧȥ
Ҳ³żڼ죬ѪһֻǺһͨȷ棬ɾͲҶ֣¾Ӣɱͥʳ
ȣĪ⣬˼ǲɣԹаħʤ
ɻ˻ժ·٣һͷ㷢ˮڱ˫˲Ϊ¹һɫŮǿֻƴһս
ɱҷɵӡɣͬ鱻ڼ˻ɱʹ絶ʡ
ɻ˾һս
¹桢ţ֡ͨվڽɺ󷽣˲Ϣɳɻ񣺡ӣϢոڰǿһսĲپͽǣлᣬԷƴûӳȥ
㣬ǰɣ¹Ҳοһ䡣
ɻĮɱȻ˺һϣܼһ㣬ҵʵָһЩֶԸǣ
ಣ
˷ɳ֮С
浹ǿΟ֪ǳԽɵĴڣĪǾͬһܽǳԵɣ
Ο޶ԣмӦȻ뽫Сնɱòű֣ýǽҲ㣡
Уóĵֿͨ¹Ĵ
һսɽûаյսΪǶԺڰǿߡ
ɲǺڰ֮Ԩʿ


1675 ϻ
ͨΪ߶ԸڼˡһɨͨȻɱ
λɣλɣ
ڼҲɱ˹һ²ӡ
ȡС֪ǽɱɣһħɷ̼ͨΧҲħ
ΪһϣһЩҺڰϢͨͷϢڼһΟǳԾģ
ΪҲõǿеԺڰǿͥպڰ֮ǿ󣡡
Ӧ֪Һڰǿ󣬲ӦΪУ
û취˺Ǻڰ磬ʲôͥ˵㣡

ڼ˻Ȱ˵ͨҲġ
ͨһף
С㣬治ּ֪ܼУ
Уڼܼ֮д飬ԸǼȻֻҪһУ
󷽾ʣɻɳûϢǹע桢¹һһʵûһġ
ϣܼһӣΣΪԳԽʵĺڰǿߣûбŵȥһսƾһ㣬ĪĪԴɻϢʧˣʵڿٻָ֮С
ʱעԷڰؿ߰ա
ͨڼǰɣٿ桢ɿ桢ţֽ¹Χ룬ûκ󷨣ʵһ˿װˡ
ϴһ߶컯һɺڼ氵бžϴ߶컯
ɿͷŽڳͨ⣬ʵǿģܿڼˣǲͨӶӳͨϣ
ڰвţ
Һڰһаɣ
ڼɱˣ̫ʱ䡣
Һڼ˲ŴӺڰͥҪԵٽɣΟһӦͥ

һɫħɷ֮ڰӺڼʮɹƣִܿﵽʮɷΧ

ͨ˫ĳӱ֮һ
λʵʥ۷巨
㻹еʵڼɲϢһ㣬ƺĳֵһɱ
ڰΪ˳һ
˲ؿ߽Ǻ¡¡״̬𵴣ÿһ𵴣ڰ˳ը
ϧը֮Ȼ𵴾ˣҲǺܿ챻ڰ˳֮ûʧ
ˣڰǿȻˣȻûܽͨͨɻ⣡ͨ洫ǳء
ҪѾʼɶԷڰܿӳϣȽ˳ٶԸΟ
ûʲô
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Ǽִ߶컯ɿͷŽƣɽҲͨƣڼΧ
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һ̣˫ֽӡ
ڼ֮УɿʱΪһڰ㣬ɺڼ
˶컯ٿʩչ־ֱΪ̬Ҳ͵Ѫ
Ҳֻܽͨƣʩչ־Ϊһ˫㡣
һʱԼϰ˫㣬ں˴ﵽɸ֣ɿʵΪ״̬Խʵɺڼ˺ڰ
Ȼڼ˸ûзһ㣬ͨʩչһ򹥻Ҳ¶Ժڼ޷˺ɵ
ͨҲڴģԼռһЩʬ壬ֵõԴһ߶һɡ
࣬Ȼ˲ҿһн飡
ڼȻǿһƽͨϧ޼ɵɱ±֮
ǿ󣬿һʥ۷巨Ҳ޷ġ
ͨնԷڰѽϢʮϢһͷͷ˫Ȼˡ
֮ͨУɶڰͨڡ
û뵽Է䣡ڼ˽̶ֶʱڣͨһ
һ̣ո˫ڲϢ״̬һӻ£ٶȸ죬ǿ
ô£
ڼ˼ɱʮɣۿٹȥһЩԺڰסѹͨ
ȴ֮ǰͷųǱϷ֮ǰ٣ﵽ۷壬Խ˽ɡ
С㿴ǡǹƾȻ֮ǰҪһЩڼ˸ס
ʱɻԱһɣæʾ⡣
ɻھָ֮󣬵ͷŻ򣬽ڼѹƣҲš
С㣬·Щˣܡʩչĳغϻ֮֮ǰСǸһ·ϣʩչС󣬵ȷһŲ󣬵ҲֻʵˣǷ·úϻ֮Ǳƺû˿ģԴԴһǿҲֲԾ
ҼӵȷһˣǸ桭ɻʱʱ̶̿ĵ
ָʵɱȥ
û뵽˾Ȼסڼ˹ƣԽǽ
ίʵԾѣ


1676 ں
ˣЩ̫ѶԸСķǳˣ
ʱ
ͨ߶ͨȻڼ
ڼ˼ɵֲɱʱȻΟȡ
⡭
桢ͨ¹һ
Ըһڼˣ㾡ʵֻסڼ˰ˣҲ޷սʤ
ΟɱǱذɣ
ȻԸ⣡ȻΟں󷽵Ӧ
ԸΟ
ָһЩʵɻ˴ɣû˿ԥգΟɱ
޷赲ʲôΟˣżֻһ̤ն
鷳ˡ˿ǰڰǿ߾Ҫһ֣ͬ·Ѿ¡
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û뵽˱һһ
Χһؿ߶ڲĿӰȻ֮
ǿߣ
˿˷
ɻ˼𣬽ͷţҷǿڸˣ
ǿߣ
̫ˣ

һͻȻѹκηƣһնٶԳɡ
ɲǽʿ
Ǻǣû뵽ӢǳԺ棡
û뵽ǣΟȻתͷɵûӰӡ
ٶܼ
ˡʣºڼڻ֮Уһ
ӰƷӡ
һˣ̫ˣˣ˷ںӣ˭ҷڵӣ
ӣ
ǿ߰
ͨͷűΟѾɱúڼ˸עɱǿߣĺڼˡ
ֺڰǿߣһԺ鷳ˣ
Οһ
ɻԱ߳ɣԺ񣺡ʦ֣Ƿڵӣıðգֺⷢڰǿ䣡
ȵǵҲСǽɣɽҲޱΣյģʹкڰǿ߳ûǷڵӣҲ˹ܣ
ǡɸû뵽һ֣ѵ⣬εͷ
ֶˣԱλˣλǺǣҲǷںĵӣҾڻıߣҸ
ʦ֣ɼæ
֮󣬺ȻɻˣкһˣɻˣҲǷڵӣΪμ뺫ʦ֣֪ѵ֪ǷڹκλӼλӣ񣡡
񣺡ʦ֡ʦ֣µȹٽͣ
УŹܾĮӣˣ֪ҷڹأ԰ɣʦ֣Įҡͷ
֮ס
ĮȻһɨɻ˺ˣǲҷڵӣǣҪй֮񣡡
֮
ˣ
桢¹ɿ桢ţֶƬ̣һν޶ԡ
һҲûлӦ
ǶʱŭӲСǾҲɲ裬ȳԽɵĴڣӲ裡
ͻȻʦܣҿٴЩ£ԸڰǿΪأɱһڰǿߣҪ´ͣҲֺܷڰţ
Ҳգʰǣ
ಣ
ǿ˲Խˣǡ
氵ѣͨƣ÷ڸֽ
ͨͷƱˣΧʩչ˫㣬Ҳδֹʧһա
Ŷ
ǡԽͨǼͨģֿΧ˺ǳԾ

ڼ˳ûбƣתߡ
ڰǿߣӣ
ǵսӡһԷ߾𣬻Ϊһһ㣬նȥ׺кڼˡ
κڼȻҲƣ޷ֵ潫ɣյðѪ
ɶ࣡
ڼ̫ǿˣ˸ͨУȻһ˳ȥ
٣
źٴνӡһ泤࣬ɱȥ
ֻ¡¡ڼӳɣͱһУӳףѱкüΣ
ûҲѾˡ
£̫ǿˣںǿֶΣͨ⵹һں
ɿ󵹲⣬ֻǼɻ󣬲˵˳ԽɣѾɽ֮Уټڽ֮ϣһǿߣԵһСǳأһ̻ᡢСȫһʵۣ
ֲ֮ǰֿǣǿ߾͸ƣ桢СţҲ״μʶɽ糬ԽɵĴڡ
Ƚǿʮֹ
࣬ҺڰɱһҪһڣ
汬ը֮УǱĺڼˣյһƤȴøΪ
ǡӽǺڼ˰Χǵյʦ֣û뵽һڰǿߣǿʵҲԽɣɱҪһʱ䣬ߣ
żҿôʰһֱûгֻ֣Ԥڼ߰ˡ
ӣû°ɣİɣҷڵˣڰǿ߲Ϊ壡
˶˿ۼһԶԶͷʰڼˡ
ɻ˵һ֮ˣǰ¹


1677 
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û뵽ɻһΣǶҵ˵ллǣǼ˿ܶҪڰУ
¹ĥѣʤˣǽãȻҲˣǵһθоɻƽ׽ˣƽʱɶǸ߸ϣһˮһڵĴڡ
Ҳ󷽻Ӧһ䡣
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СΪҪǽģ
ҩϣҲֻ˷ѰˣҲʲôôû̵һؽɱҩʮִһЦ
СȻ᣺УǲȱɱɱҲۣ
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ҡҡͷ뺫Ӵ䳰ЦݣҷɱʱʱҪҪǱ뽻ҩҸÿһɱǱ󷽣ȫøκκôͿֱӴ߱ҩٽΪЩҩڰǿйأǱȥ
ʲôͬС֣һͨˣԵĿǳɵĴڡ
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˻ûлӦȻǵźǵ棬ؾ
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С㡭
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桢ͨ¹֪ǹ֧ˣӶ֡
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Ǿɻ˻ᵱȥҪԸһ֡
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һССӣű£һʱǳˡ
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ҪȻԸɻˣ
¹Ʋ֪ߵغ񣬾ָźǣǸҶҽһ£ұ֤ͷأ
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ǿɽ壬ͻȻǸŲˡ
ϣһĺͻȻԹ£
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۲ʶ̩ɽû뵽СдϹǡǴˣԽɵĴڣͨɻͷл
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ô
¹̲סɻʵΪһ𣬾־ͷ³㣿
ͥͥҲһһ֮йط࣬κεӣȴ޷ھԸ߲֮ϣһｵһǷڴʹģ͵ڴһ
ɻһ㲻ż֮ǰһ̣ûһ˿ʧ룺κδ֮УϾ֮£ڶѽΣӵжԴ󲿷ֵɱȨ˼⣬Ͽɱκεӣ³ԽֵӣǷھԺģڴǰСˣ
ԭˡ
¹һ𣬾á
Ҳ˿
ɻͻȻǿߣо仰ǶԷǳеɽ߻ʵԶŵԶıЩĵӲù˼̫أֻǣݽɣ;ѾǸټɽ磬㾳ǿǰȻϣʧǰźڰǿʬԼ񾡿ϻص


1678 Ӧ
ǡǣ
ȥȡڰ֮ţڰǿӦ֪ˣȥҲȥ
ˣ
˼æǱ鼸ǴӹŹһ⡣
һתһ̹Ͳˡ
뿪˵ɻʾɣͷŸӦϢһǰһΧ
ԼĪʱŴض֮зɳʮѰһɽϢ
걦ҩ
ɲøӦ󷨣ͨҲȥæ
Ϣɿ걦ҩóɻˡ
ɻ͸¹ã㣬ֱҩа󣡡
ɲУҾˣǸΪҩǴҸѪģҪ¹˻ȥ
Ҳա
ɻ˻΢Цţҩָһǿߡ
лС㣡俴Ǻα飬ܵõҩȻ
㣡
ɻֿ棬İôΟҲǰǣ֪ĴڣҲǱ
ո׼걦ҩ׼ͨںϽȴɻʵ
ʵǲ֪ΟǺڰǿߣ֮ǰɱһΟҲǿҲûɶ⣬ҵӡҲĹΟɱˣǸ΢һ
ȻɻڹϾҲ֮Уһɶ޷ԸǿС
ڰǿ߶ѶԸҲʶˣκһͥźڰٴξɱ磬Ժڰø֪ɽܴڡҲ⣡
ɻ˵꣬Ƴһ棬ֿ¹ӣ֮ǰǸ⣬ҼڣʣڷҲΪ֮ӣԺһУ
ʵһûá¹Ϊìܡ
¿Լڣ
ʱ潫ѪָֻѪѪǻָ졣
ּΪ⿴¹
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һ·ԹٿͷɹֻһСڲ̫ˣȻᣬϣУ
һ·ȷ˺ܶͷ
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˵ĲǴɹԶǧıðա
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á
¹ǴӦˣ
ζţ֮Ͳ桢һðա
ڣǿǵһ̤ڣȻᱩ¶ݣһɳ졣
ɹδ
桢ţֶЩʧ䣬ܿΪ¹ˣϾȥڵȷһδ
ҪҩҪȥðգԷʣܵõʹͱҩС
Ϣһ£Իָ࣬ɽյǰ
걦ҩʲôǻᣬܲܵõ
ɽ䡢ɱ
һɽյظҲյأûֺֻһɿݺӵԼƯɢ޾ڻҡ
ڻҲ֪Ʈ㣬һЩſЩڻҶԵ桢ʯɽ壬۽ţޱ𺳡
ǰһϿȣϰɱɱȥ
˿Ǻɽ䣬һЩˣһЩָŹ֡
Щɱƻ޷ƽʱɢԶЩɱâ״̬ҲҫۣǿҲֻͨɣɸ߶ȡ
һδô£ȽһɺԺӵϿ֮УȻһѹѹ飬ٶȲͨɻ˽߳ɡ
Ϣǿش޷ʩչ˶޷оһ˿˿ڡ
ɻ˿ʼ߳һԽǽϿһ֣ࣺûӵп½ҲֻܷӳѰʵɽȻ紫һʩչͨشֻ˴粽У
Ʒ֮Уֿռ䣬ûһ˿ȷŹ֣氵Ҳ뿴Ȼ
СѹһЩٶڵ漸ɳۣԪģ޷ͨɣһ˿
¿¾㣬ûζпľһ߶³
ֽٶѹƵɣֻԷ˱ٶǰܹɽǿԼһЩˣΧȻЩˣԻٶš
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ͻȻһ𵴣˶޷վȣ̫ͻȻſڵϣµѿΧʯ


1679 ؼ
һЩ˴ԶϽȥɻ˵ղӦǱ𵴣ЩȥԴѰΪܿ𵴶
ԭǱ
ҲûͣЪͷŶһЩƣζԪĸ죬ٶȴﵽɸ߶ȣЩӰ󷽿
û뵽ԽǽɽڲԽǿ£ڻҰ֮УԼٵ⣬ǰС
ݣ
ںܶ˶һĨѪâͻȻʮͷŶĿҫ
ͨ𺳴
ҿһĻץסǵѪâҫ˲׹ǰʮ棬֪Ӱ
Щȥᱦ˾ѻᣬ챦вȥᱦĵ
ɻ˴ٶʮ羪Ŵ˷â׹䴦
Ҳȥ
ٶֻ߼ûҪȥõֻǲ챦ˡ
ʱΧָˣԼɽǿߣЩҴ󲿷ֶǽɸ߶ȡ
ÿ
ͻȻϰˣ
ԼһЩͨˣ԰ѹ
ͨ濴ˣŽ
̧ͷ󷽣һٶˣͷ߾Ȼش
ˣ
شΪһЩˣϰٽɱ£ǿƷ
شԱ߻ˣȲǸӣϸо֮شҪǿʮ
Ŷ
شӴΪȻܿΧˣһ۷Ⱥ֮У۵棬òϲ
ôҲˣһȥ
ӡ
ǲںһ棬ɫ䣬ѣԬԱߣǹŽһֱڵԬ֮˿˿ǣС
ſͰĿѽֲȷԬ֮ΪǿɣԬȥĴǿߣɱ
ԬҾҸͽ䣬ùŽ¿ԬŲ˭ˣܻţȥһ¶ԬұسûΪؼҡ
硭
ʱҵѾ֪£
ܹϣٴοĿ⣬Ҳɱ
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Ϊش˵仰Žȴ£ɽͦ
·ˣԾŽʿС
һ
¹Ž˺ʶ㣡
ǴѩħַֿŽʿҲǸոλϽ˵ǲͨŹŽǰɽ;зһЩ⣬ʲôһжȥˣ
ԬɱԼζشٻᳶϹϵ
ɱԬ¹󣬲ش֪֪ʵ飬ὫһĨȥһʿδڽֹ
߿شֻһ佫ظϾƿ֮£ԬɱԼѵظûһ֪
ش֪ɱԬ֮¡
Ҳߣ
ŽߣΧҲȥ
桢¹ͨŴٶȿ
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ĲŽ
δȥ֮ǰâص㣬´ֿʼ𶯣˸Ͻſڵϡ
Ҳһ˲䣬һ߿գͻȻֺüâںڻյأⱦҫۡ
бˣǺü
˸վΧˡˡƵģǼâ׹㡣
Ҳһâ׹ȥٶȼģյԽڻԽܼƬյأܶֻܲС
ΨнɿǿһЩƽٶȸһЩ
һ˳ױ˦
⻹ҪµòϵҲֿõĶûҲֻǻ⡣
µǣͻȻִˡ
ˣǺɽǿߣԼʮɣÿһǧˣƺƵڴбܣһ·׷ɱѹЩĴˡ
塢塢٨塭ͨ𺳿ʮɴֱײͬսڰ
ӣ
뿪յضˣɽڽ˺·ûһ˿ӳȥƵֻյǰ
ӻΪֲԽǿԽǾˣվĸֻ࣬ܵűɽѹ
Ǻɽ̡
ʹֻܿ¹ев鵤Ѫʱʱ̿ɣֲһЩԪ
ԴʱƴԴ
ԴǿԴ˲һ
ЩõΣǱҺɽѹʮɽˣڵϿɱˣײˡ
٨塭
濴һ󷽣Щ̫Ϥˣ٨ǿߡ
ĻŶᱦϿȾ͸Ͻȥܺɽ׷ɱƸӣڻ޴ڣֻҪɽǿҲԷֵġ
һҲһѸɿݺӵӵԨǧΧͱڡ


1680 ǽ
ڻѹŰգֻܿһԶڻ̫࣬һ˾ؤǺڻҡ
ҲһӽǵѰҿɲ֮أʯѨѷ졢ʯѵȵȡ
쿪ʼǶ٨ƲΪūŮΪ٨ū
ͻȻһаƴӺ
ϰ٨ǿ׷ɱÿŵϢ
Щ̫ˣӵ桢׷һǿ߻ͱߣ˺ӵ˿ھһŴ٨ϰǿ߼һӳȥ
ٶֿһºܶɱҲʧȥԪþģʧȥ
һ˵Ǻܰ
ʯѣϺڻҶܰ׷ɱ
û뵽°Աİˣ̤ʯ׷󷽸Ҳ񱼶
ܣϢ˾ܽΧס
ͨɭɭͷħɷˣʱ˺һմϣֻһսˣ
˲佫ֹ̤ɣڿʩչԷͨȻӲߣǾʹɱ䣬ɽҪǣǽǵָˣ
ãҲͨʵҲĦȭƣǴʱɲǵֵɡ
С󣡡
ɿͷֱɳһվķһǣγʮ󷨿ռ䡣
Աɱˣסȥ·̶ˣ٨ΪУ

Χ󷽡¡ɱһˣʮˣǼ˸Χס
٨ǿΧѰ׷ɱ
ǣǸŮɲţ٨ǿһ¹ò
¡¡
һͷųԽƣǽʵкüʵﵽλɸ߶ȡ
ʮɣ
ǰˣһЩֲ
ɱ
ʮһɱʮΧɿͻȻâͻȻâ
ݣɱʮ˴ֲмˡ
ɶ񣬸ɱһȻŭԭ⼸ɣʵٿ֣һͬɱ
ٺ٣𣡡
ͨɳϷ󲿷ְע⡣
ɱȴͻȻըһɹɶڱ£һˣյЩûս
꣡
桢¹Ҳһɱ˳ȥ
ɣ˰˰
һû뵽桢¹ɻɱһɫԶŰ¹ȫ
æɱ˹
ɵȼİˣǿ󣿡
ž
ɲʩչȭۡĹѧʽһȭӭԼȭͷİȭͷ

˻ʯը
ۣ
ɲǱ𷭣ұըѣѪɣѣڵϡ
ء
غ󷢳һҽУƺԮ

¹ʩչƣٶ̫ˣոڰʹ຿֮һɽɱԴն
ֽʬӡ׸棡
Ĭ
ɱˣΧˣһ˫˫Ѫͫͬ鱻նףĿȶҪ
ٺ٣ʩչѧͨĸԪ

һŴչ
˳ȥһӿǿƣȴ΢΢Ѫ죬һơ
䣡
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ã
ʩչѧ״̬£õݴʣ
¹ʱʱȻ©ģ棬һˣ¹ʱһɱ׾նɱһˡ
һ
Ȼаɱ
һͷˣħ˴򣬹ؼлһڴ󵶣ֱ¹
ǽ

˵ʱʱ죡
һ᳤磬¹ܵڴ󵶹ƣԱ߰ͻȻɱһɽ
˶ʱΪء
ɿ󣬺ģ
ɱ˼ˣȻһǵǽǷâ֪ɿʱ֡
û˸ڵǽҲ޷ɱһСɿ󣬴նʮ˹
ǽѿյģǵؽ۷ɽʵ𽥴ﵽλɣɽҲʧȥʱѰһڸʥױ
滤ס¹ֿΧѪͫ˰Χİˡ
û뵽ҷֿʮ꣬ʵȫԽңﵽɸ߶ȣһֻʵ¹Ȼܵ汣ɫ΢΢仯
Ϊʮ꾭ʵ
䣡
ɱˡ
·ʯ̶ɵ֮չٶһ
Ӱˣ˲䱻ɣؿڳһȭͷѪ
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ûӶ
¹Ҳ֮ɱһһոձ˰ˣһͷ­


1681 ;ĩ·
Ϣ˾նɱʮˡ
Ǽˡ
һЩ٨ǿ߱סˣʼˡ
һ˸ߺǵţ٨ǿϸ֧Ԯ

ͨԦ
桢ţҲɿʤҲֻɱʮˡ
һˣȻɱ٨ʮ֣
Щ٨ǿ߱ʵסˣʱǼɱ
Ǽæ٨׷ɱȥ
İɣ
Ȼģлǣ٨ɱɱôˣ٨עЩ˸زס
̫ˣֻ֮һǽɰˣϢȻնɱʮɰˣ
Χ٨׷ɱȥ
һЩˣŸҳңҿ㣬û뵽һ١
һȺɱ٨һĻһӶǡ
ӳӵһϿȣ
ɱ٨ǿߣӣ
˫ְʱ
֮ǰ֮ʮ٨׷ɱ׷̫
Ȼ⴦ϿȣͻȻʮ٨ǿߡ
תȥһɫأΪ٨ǿߣ󲿷Ϣλɸ߶ȡ
һͷˣҲһ֮һֻӥɱɣһǳֲ
ͨæһһԽɴڵİˣ٨ǿߣ
ǾˣֶɱǸǶ֣һԽɵĴڣڼˡΟǰǿ
ˣ
ӣ
ٶȣһɵҩһϿ
٨ʮǿߣںǧװտ׷ɱ
ٶȶȻһǼ֮ǰɱЩǿߣǱ챾ߵģ
⣬ôô٨ǿ׷
ϿҲһЩܣǶ
ͳͳŵûͷſ٨ǿߣ׷һֻһɣɵˡ

ЩֺܿͣΪ٨ǿ߸ûںЩˣֱ׷һˡ
̫ˣ
ɳ⴦ϿȣǰԨף
û취٨׷ɱֻһԨɲǾͱƯڻûˣ
Ϣ٨ǿ߲׷ɱ¹򣺡ˣǼɽԨкܶǿߣ
ǲû֮ٱӦܲܿűҪֿ׷˭Ǽټһʱ֪ͨ
ಣ
ʮ˻Ϊ벻ͬԨ֮С
׷ɱˣ
Ԩײͨأ漱æҾ
ֲ࣬ȽǶɱˣ˦һǰҷ
ٶȻ죬Ҳֻǧ׺׷
Ԩ¶Ǻڻңյٴһ˼ֻܲС
һЩ׹ɢţдģҲһЩ˹ǡ
һƬܸоʲôΣա
ͷ츳ӦﵽʵӦģϴ󣬰жʮˣԽ׷Խǿ˵û׷
һЩͶǳ֣øոջɱЩʬ壬ƳĽѪϧ˽̫ӣӵһʱֻܴһʬ壬ʮžҩ
Źȥһʱ
٨ǿʬ壬Ƴʮŵҩֵַţ͸¶ǡ
ҪףֶԴҴ
ʵ룬ÿ˶оӵϢɱ̫Ũҡ
ˣɱ
˹⽫ٶȷ
Ϣʮ˳ɱ
ӭĲ͵ϮһˣĴɱһɽԼͨɱΪʮɾ޴󣬴Ӱ
¡¡
Ư˾׷ɱˣʴֻѹ˵ķݣԼĻꣿ
ʱ˿̣Ǳɱûͷ棬òǱ߰˵ɱһ˶ˡ
Ҽ֣˺ܿɱ
ʣʮ˿־塢˵һ˴һָЩ˴սơ
ɱ
ͻȻɱ˽ȥͨϷץ
ӡ
һ̣ʩչ֮棬䲻ɱһǰԷŵ˺һһ
ģȻһ
䣡
һƿƼ򵥣ѰһƣɱаԴһ֮ͻȻðԴ顣
ּѪ֮У
ʬ屻ƣϷǰʮɣü˱ɣ첽ɱ˫һһģֶѪһ繥Щˡ
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һʵ֮ǰ߲٣ǽλʵڽ졢֮䣬ΪǶ֣ӡ̫ԵɱǣҲˣ

ͬʱɿɱǽͨҲϷɱǿɱһˡ


1682 ɱѿ
ʮϢ
٨ʮǿߣɶǾӢ
սͨߺһ桢ţֳ˹Ѱʬ塢ɱ
ಣ
ûϵԨǰȻƿ˱
Ī٨ǿôˣ
ͻȻֻǺ䣬˫ͫ׽ʲôϴ󣬲٨壬ˣ
ɹϢ¹Ȼ
ɹϢ
ಣ
ֹһϢ
˷ΪһһŮ
ĵǽȻһӣԵɿеǽޱŭ
һŮӣһýɷɣԾŰ¹ǼɹӣŮӡҹ£
ߣ
ǰˣŭӿɿ󣺡Ǳû뵽ûɱȣ۸ʰˣǷãû뵽ǾȻɹɽҲ
ѿˣ
Ȼ
ѿҲŮɱѹȣȴǳݣͨӼ洫ӡ
ѿաŮӱȻɹ洫ӣýɡ
湫Ȼֱѿ֣ɱҪңҽΪԱˣ
ʵϧѾˣʱʵɱ㣬챾Źκһˣҹ£̶ԼŸ߲㿴㣬Ҳûȥһӣѿɱݺᡣ
Ǵˣ
¹һ̣侲ػӦһ䣺ҪɱҵȣǲŹǡ
ˣ
ѿǺŮһЦ
ҹ£
ŮӾԼҪЦȴǿЦû֦չ˵һͨӣ̶ǰҲʲôŽɰˣҲ˵
ѿգ㱦Ҫ͹ȡɿ󽫵ǽʩչȷһɱ
㹻ʩչ
ʥ׷ɵõ֮Ҳʩչͨǿڱ߶֪Ķ
ɿӵõǽʼ֪˶ٺôýɱ˶ٵˡ
ţĥȭͷͶԸɣҲòȳ֣
Ⱥ̫֪ƽɣ
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ʱȻǱԼʱѿŮǰЩ˻ɱúøС
ѿնףҲĪҪ⣬˺Щ֣
ͶԸЩɣСһ
ɳĴˣΧڻ뿪
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ͨ⣬Ӽ֮һ̤
ʲôΪɹɵӣ֣ͨϲ˿Ϣ
Ͼͨ컯ƶȡ֮һΪ
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ݣ
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һڿɽɱͨ塣
ˣ
ɽ˲ɱ޷ӦǽҲвɽһ
ֵǵˣɷɹͨԱߣײдЦƽ桢¹һȺˡ
ʹιǾʵ
ͨȻתһɨ
ܣɱ˭Ạ̊́
ССɰˣ
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ɣ
ѿǺŮӲţû뵽ɣһնɱ
ǴӿʼδһȺ˷Ҳ֮Уûнɡ
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˲ɱʵȻǽɡ
ͨδͷһ˿˿ϢѿŮӣҼҪʱǣְɣ
ˣǺˣѿŮ֮ǰмɫˡ
ͨת湪˾Ǹ۵ӣ
㡭
һɹԱۣȻһˣ
ѿաŮӴš
滺ͨٶ֣㴦ã
ѿվƳɽѪУŮӣҥһΪŮūԺͨЦݣƣһɡ
ҡҿǶɣŮӾſɽͷŽơ
ԽΪն㣡
ѿ˳ƻΪɳ״̬յ֮Уǿ״̬
ʩչһڵؽɽϽɽŷ֮ɱʮɾ˽
žž
ͨǰδͣ£ƽƽһƳȻһ顣
ƻһ칥ƣ
λɣƽɣ´ˣõ㣡Žȫвͨơ
ѿշˣϽǸ
ϧͨᣬ֮ǰҪɱ棬ܷͨŹ
䣡
ɱɽȻŴɫ󷽽Լѿգ𵴣Ѫӱ󲻶ϱ䡣

ѪѿҲȥ


1683 â
Ůŵ˫ȷܶˣʦ֣㡢㾹ɱʦ֣Ҫ֪ʦֱ棬ɹǳϣѿδǳϽӰˣԻᱻɹҸѿһǵ˲飬Ҹϻ֪ѿ䣬һŹǣ
Զԣ
ǡ鷳ǳԽɵĴڣŭ٣Ǽ˶ñ֮նɱŮ
Ҳ˵Ķԣǵˣϧкһ㣬ɹıңԶҪܸϹʮһܴյ֮ҵɱѿղɣ
ǡ
ˣ
ͨѿʬģһʬ塣
ȻҲ㹻ˡ
ҡҡŮӸоӲƵģ߾ǲʹ
ͻȻͨ£ɱңҿԸˣɱң
⵹ͦõģͳˣ
ͨδɱ֣üһ㣬ǿԪӡŮԪ
Щߣնɱ٨ôǿߣƺܿ׷ǣ¹˴ˣǰ
ͨҲźŮʧ⴦Ԩ֮С

뿪ʮϢ
һƷ֮ûκζɾ⡢Ѫ棬һӰգ۳֣γһҺڰ
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ڰâΧϢ}˶־Ȼûи̫ˣɱǣǺڰʿ̣
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ȻʶңĪ뱾ԣǺɽԲ˺ùӣΟĮʮ٨ǿߡ
ǡ
ǿ߷ǳģһϢ֮ʹŸתߡ
ɽʶȤڣҺڰһͳΣʲôŽڰ֮ԨЩֵǰʧ

֮УһȻΧδֺɽˣŸϢ
ˣҴ٨ЩʬƳѪ
ҼΧڼ֮ϢڻûһУʱɸ״
ͨƿغŮӣóһſŽѪƽȥ
ûϤŮӷһţԷܵ룬ֻͨڨڨʵ
Ů㶣æںϵҩɾǺöлˣ
ŵҩ֮Уҿںѿձһ־

ŮӾסˣ԰ѪͫײϷŴ󣬶½
˶ν¹ϰˣ
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죬Ԩִضɽҡ
˲ԼͬϰգԶһâػεںڻɢ䡣

Ȼǳ𵴣
˷ָȥâǿ
Ҫǰ˱ⷽ׹âסˡ
һţâ
ߣ
¹˭ȣƳһ棬һȥ
ԽԨΧҺûδˡ
¹ְи洫ĽһȡâǷ񰲺ã
õǣȻҲõǣĿ֮УҲԾԾգ̫ȥĿóʲô
ɳһξ״ɽԶԶͿԶ֮Уҫ


ҸԽҫû뵽ҲһɺɽʵҲһƬ⣬ãһȻǾǿߣͷ֮ол֡Ҧˡ
ǻǾǿߣʮ˾ǿ֮УһսӣϢֲ̫ˡ
ȻһԽɵĴڡ
ˣǿߣ
ˣϿȣֿͨٶɽǿߣȻ

壡
˸оһֿܣ֮еõ
滹һԾҲ·ȡ
Сֵ𣿡
һָּϢ䣬ϷδʲôѾ໥֡
ִһ־֣һ˷һ
磡
ǵһʱᱦǴ֡
֮ǰںڰ֮Ԩ֣һ͵ѡ
ҪҲǵһλ
Сֵܣ
ִҲʾ⡣
ϴǰǶԸ³ľգ֪治򵥣߻һǿߡ
ԭСϵҵ飬ϲ棬¹οЦ
˿̣˫ܶɱһͻȻһȣ֣ٳԸ٨壬У
ǣ
ӱȭͷСֵҲΪ챦ǾΪǣͲһˣԼ£ԼܵõҲΪǣ粻Ƕ֣ٳ롣


1684 鳽ͼ
汧ȭıǣֻҲǶԸ壬Ҳеڣ
ҦһˣɱǰΧֶ½ء
ʩչСͨȲҪС£һȣҲͬʱԸ壬ǵòҲҪվھⷽ
ף
˼ˣ
ɿ桢ţһɱͷнһң
ںʵǿɿϣŴʱﵽȥң
ͨ⣬ɿĿǰʵΪǿ
桢ͨ¹뽣֮С
ѣ
һЩǿ߾Ⱥ˺۸Ӳͷɱͱɿһˣɡ
һ޸֣ϹŲٹƬȻ桢ͨԭ࣬ϴδأ߲׷ɱǣģ
үүΣб¹ͨЦǺڽ
ԭԽҥɹǸŮӻһԸ壬Ǽ֣Ӧ
žžž
ɿɱһɫâϱƿǿߣһڽ󱣻£Ȼɱǿ֮С
֣ǾǼԸ³ľǼˣ
һĻʵЩţþֻһֶǿɱ֮Уһ뼸ɾ
ӡһֱûг֣ƶΧǿ߱ƽȣҲȻע⵽Χ棬ΪȻɿǵжô
ָҦ¸֣໥վλɱƣӿش𣺡棬ڻı棬֪ΪΣһһۣ;е㲻򵥣ÿһμһαһҾȣҲףһȺΪ˲ֶΣ
ԣǵȷʸ֣ﲻܴпʱҪӶˣҲ¶֮ɫ
¡
˫ɱһӣķһЩ˸ᱦ
˻˫ڽ״̬Ͼ˶ڡ
ͻȻһͷģǹйƱȵ滹Ҫ٣ǵƣüǿ߻ɱҲɡ
ֿӣҲԾѣ塮ͼͶ˳ˣ
ȷֵطһΪ
׵Ҳ΢΢֮ɫ֮ǰȫģڼֳֹǵһ˴֮ɱȻܵ󴥶
ͼһս׵ͻȻս
鳽Ī⣬ҳһսҳָʤΪͼǿߣƺ׵鳽֡
ǿߣͼΪǶ
ڰͼɱ;УȴҲ࣬ŭ䶢ǹɱǿ֮н󣺡ǼСӣñ콫£
б¾
֮Уͨ¹һֱûг֡
˺⣬ҲЩǿ뷨һðͼǿߣԽɣӦǽ׵鳽
ôͷЩɣ
ˣ
߸ϵĵҲš
һǺɽպǿߣΪҪԸϵܵˣ
ҲǷѽĺܡ
һٶˣҲϤһˣҲĿɿڴһȺͨˣʲô£ܵǿߡ
壿ϹҲҪԸǼˣ鳽ŽԼͼ
һ鳽񣺡Сϵܸ̫ྪϲͼʵֲ̫ŰɣǲǶ֣ͷ
Էɱһ󽫣ȻҷҲɱһ󽫣
鳽ͬˡ
ͷƣͼǼҾӻҪɱǣȻӲ
Ŷ
֮У˶Ǵ㵲ѡ
ʲôʱǳ˾ӻ
´ʱȷЩǼȫûɽȡ
ͼϴ󲿷ֶǹƬҲЩطɼһЩҶ֯ɹŹͼڣ鳽һҺ£ΪҲ֪⼸ֻɢްˣʶ˵޷⼸Ҫȥ
ֻһ֣б뿪ϳ𣿹ವһ鳽һ̷׸߿ա
ͨ̿ˮ棺쿪ʼǿǷ¾һ룬Ǻ鳽֣ǼҪԸͼǲܵģǳԽɵĴڣ
ԵͽˣȻ鳽ԸæԺѣǽ㣬δػữʱǲ֪Ƕ಻ȻԿ̬͸ޱš
ⷬػᳰЦ֪ߵغ
˶֪֮һǷߣֶͨ죬Ψһʱ䲻
ʱ䣬δػᳬԽ鳽ͼ塢Щ绽
鳽Һ£ÿ
ͼɱȥ
֮գžžơ
ͷ֮ƽγ˿ֲ𵴣ǰͼԼǰˣ֮кֱײϻйǵ


1685 ʯ
ǵɱƷ׷ǰ飡
鳽žһҲ֮ƶײ
飡
ɽɱڹǵ֮ϣͼʱùǵǰ˺鳽һɱ
һ̣˱Ͽհ׻ס
ּæѣСϵܣٶᱦǳҾòҲܰѱ˸˺ɽ䣬ɽǡɽּߵõ֮ܶδʵǿѹıģϷͽȥԸ
ɽ
ߣл磡
ͼк鳽ȥԸ
ʾ֣ͨȻС󣬻޷֮ɱһ·ʱٶǷֿһ⡣
𣬹
ͨǲ
˵־Ͷ֣ɱǿߣ
С֮Уץ˳Χɱһ滹ſħɷ֮
䣡
СΧףǻըɽ緢Ƶġ
ͨʵ̼䱻ը÷ǣһЩЩλɰˣˡ
ǿ֮ͦ
ѪɫʯƶƷƷʯҪ棬ʯ
츳Ԩ·ɫâ
ɫʯ
Ƿ
滹ΪǷû뵽ʯһࣺɿмʶʯкβ
ȵȣˣ
ɿһƴһͷȡ
ѪɫâԽǣϢ֮ɿϲƷƷﵽƷȼʯ䲻֪ʲôϢյƣͬ󷨡֮дյѹϢ
Ǻö𣿡ǲ̫ס
ȻǺö֮м鱦ʯ󷨾ͱɽ⴦յؿռ䣬ơѹͨȷô㣡ɿЦǺǵĵ
ϳ֣ͨ

ͷŸǿͨɲǼȥʱ
Χֹɽ䡢һЩɢɱȥü֣ڶ£ȥȡʯ
˵ĺܶԣܱ˸˺ɽ䣡
µ壡
ֲ֪ɱ˶ǿߣ
ǿĻԺ౻ɱ
Ȼа񣬵ըаâΧ׺ڻԨ磬ܿѪɫʯʯ֮С
Ҳ֮УΧ̫ɢˡǿַ
ͨϴ󣬹Եõ챦ǲֹǿߣԼҲɱȥǯǣþǿ߶ȡʯ
ȻԵõʯҲ˵˺ô
֣֪ͨһЩɱȸ֣ٶȥᱦסˡ
ֻӦ֮󣬲Χǿߣλ۷壬ס
ͨ߶Χ塢ɢ˺ȥһռ䣬þǿ߳ɱȥ
һЩǿǳȥˣ嶥֣ҲЩ죬˳Ҳɱȥ
ɱ
ͨһ࣬ӱ֮׷ɱЩǿߡ
ڰɱһЩǿֻܶܣֳû鱦ʯ
Щһõʯ¹һĻ͵žǿ߶ȡʯ
ǿ߷񹥻ǲҪȡʯҲҪӰͼץסǡ
Ҳϱ֮У˭ǿ̫࣬˶ѹŽַ
Ĳ鵤ѪҲʱԻָ١
˿쿴
ɿͻȻָŰԨ棡
ǿߣڰԼǿߣһ˿һλץһ鱦ʯ
ˣ
ǿΪﵽ۷壬ָʯһ鱦ʯץס
һǿҲץڶ鱦ʯ
ã
ǿ߾Ҫõڶ鱦ʯ澹
䣡
ԱͻȻӰзɳһӰ
ʲôˣʲôģֻһƲӰɱ
ӰƸδþǿ߷֣ҪʯͱӰУըѪ
ʯҲǵӰһԨͷˡ
˿һĻĵս
ͨҡͷٶȣʵ˲ɱ۷ǿߣȻǰͼ鳽ȥûκϢ
¹ǸǷһ飬ǲЭȡʯпȥȡʯǱǿնɱˣп֮һ

һ˵˲ɵú£Ǻð
۷嶼һУǼ˱ȻҲǡ
ȥˣǴǶ
üǿȥ׷ɱǿߣΪͬ鱨𣬿ɺǲģżɵϷ
СϵܿǿɱǣԪӸߴ
ˣ
Ϊڻǿߣ·ϷڶǿߣʮˣüһʵĴڡ
ɲǼ俴Ԩͷ磬ˣҵȾ˳Ԩߣ
ҲУϷ˲ٺɽǿߣҲΧɱ֮У͵ߣʲôѵһʱ֪ͨңһ·ģֺܲһˡ


1686 ֮

ͻȻʧ
ͨͷŽ£ŽٶȾ

ʮǿ߷׷ɱ
˫ٶֲ£ʱһҲͦ˵ģǰˣ츳ƣǿʮ
ƣҲ˺ȥ
ɳ⴦ȣǰǸһԨϿȣ̫˿ӣ
һǷˣ׷ڻ
ʱüյԨڻҸΪŨܣͨһһ׷ɱǿߣΪˬ
ҵ֮һһʤƻʣһ뾫ʱǵҪ뱣鷳ˣߣ¹зߡ
Ҳͬһ㣬¶ñ׷ɱˬֻͷ
ֽһټ󲻼ͷԨǿ׷ɱ֪˫͸Ųһ롣
䣡
Ԩ촫һ𶯣̫ǿҡ
ÿ˶ӦˣͨĪ챦
ҲԼͬգȴû˿
¡¡
֪һε𵴳ˣ֮ǰǿʮʯ١
һ̿߿գû챦â
ô£
˶벻֮ʣӽһ¡֮ǰǿʮͻȻΧԨ
¡¡
𵴳̫ͻȻΪֲǣһξȻµ澹Ȼˣ·𱻾ץ
ԨϿȵضɽҡĩգϱͲǿƣ飡
꣡
Щѷ죬ŵضɽҡѿΧҲ緢һɡɡʮԼʯǧ׸׹¡

յ˼ʯУһҪ
ͨæͷű
ϷҸϽһţڱ·

һСʯһ㣬б
һδ𵴡

泯·һָ
˶һ𺳣ѷѿһɿȻڲϼѿ
һ˲䣬һâޱҫۣӵѿѷ쿪޷âж಻
һУ·ѷâ
챦챦ɿ㼤
˿ѷ쿪ʼƶʯ׹ɽ˲
໣
һ
ȴҿȥЩǿߣȴûбȾ壬ЩѰɱסʯܿһУ׹Ԩ֮С
ûЦݡ
ݺ
Ȼ޲ˣǻ챦ɱҲ֪ܼܲ֡Ҵ
£ҲһҡΡʧظС
ÿһԼ˶飬һֻƺ̤Źأ
Լ󣬽²ѷ죬ǿԼѷԨâΪһѪɫӡ
Χʯ׹£û֮ǰǰֲ
ɿЦˣЩʮˣһԨʯ֮У
ףȥʬռǼȥѷԨͷ˵ǴˣòĳرҪϣǼ֮еͼ
ͼ
˵꣬ˣ
ͼǿɽ磬ϱĴڡ
ɿȥһȡЩʬ塣
ͨǰҲδȥ⣬һһطâԨ
ǧףâϷҲմȾâϢ
ʱҷâһɷǳаϢ
쿴ǡʲô
ͻȻָѷâͷҲǳâӿķ
ҿȥԼԨâͷﾹȻƯһѪɫâˡ
˲壬Ҳǵ񣬾һѪɫâɡ
ʲôһ߿ͬʱϸ˾ʲô
СǰţѪɫâԽֻòǰ
˽
һѪɫâľˣԶԶһѪɫˣ˽ʵһˣѪɫâγһ˯ΰˡ
ˣ
ɿ׷ˣ󲿷ǿʬռ
ʲô
ѪɫâΧʱʱʱ̽Σա
һǰڿѪâ룬һѪɫʯƯѪâ֮С
ЩѪɫʯͷųѪâƬԨػΪһƬѪâ硣
ٴοЩѪɫʯƺǳйţϰٿ飬һƯš
Ӧøϸͷ˾̾ϣһ
һ
ּף´Ҷˡ
Ѫɫâ룬ϰٿѪɫʯȻһţ֯ɣ˲ءزء̬â󣬷·֮ʡ
ҲЩʯУΧѪâΪһ׾ˣ
̲ͨסʵɿ֪ʲô
뿴ɿʲô֪
ɿƬ̣˼һᣬѿڶ֮ǰΪһͨʯ䲻ʯһӵǿʯͷγ״̬ҲżȻ


1687 ̥Ԫʯ
֪һһ棬ţֺ޲˿͡
ɿҡҡͷҲҪпһ֮أЩʯһ֮ʣɽͷ֮У֮Ϊ̥Ԫʯ
̥Ԫʯ
һִδŹĴڣһЩʯ
岻Ǵħ壬ڰЩ壬ֻҪʵﵽ߶ȣΪؾͷףǵΪѾڴΪӡ״̬
Ѫ⡢ǣһκǴһʼ󣬻ӵʶЩͷϣǿԻΪ򣬳Ϊһ磬ػ磬ôһ
Ȼ֪ǰΪǷﵽֲΣʬ帯ˣѪ𽥻Ϊڸụ̀Щȴһ֮Уϣ֮Ѫ⾧Ϊ̥Ԫʯ
󲿷ֵ̥Ԫʯ£ȻִǰһзʽԶԶȥâΪһˣʵǵ̥ԪʯȻâˣϧɣʼû޵Ǵ֮еؾ磬ɣ֮ϣữΪһƬռ䣬ΪԽ̥ԪʯĴڣ֮Ϊռ䡯
һ˫˫Ŀ£ɿ̥̾Ԫʯ
ñ
ôϸͣЩѪɫ̥Ԫʯôġ
Сӡ
ʱһϤѪս״

ǰ𣿡Ϊδʱ֣漱æʵ
ղֻɿᵽ̥ԪʯһӴӳ˯֮ѣ
ɣ޴ڣҲֻһ˵Ѫҷգ㲻ǴӦңҪΪǵ̥ԪʯΪһ֮һ
𣿡
̥Ԫʯ˱
ΪֻʵˣΪܴﵽ̥Ԫʯز̥Ԫʯһ󾫻ʣƿܡ󷨡
ˣ
㲻ǻΪ«֮УǸŮ𣿡
Ϲݣ
̥Ԫʯ԰ŮӣֱӳԽɡɡɣ
ΪϹ
𺳡ȫѪաԭ
᲻ɴǿ֮ȵõԺٸܣһʧˡ
׼ȫȡ̥Ԫʯ
ףͿԵõЩ
ಣ
ʱ˽ʵչû뵽ǰ֮Уһ̥Ԫʯһӣһ𵴷ɳʣ
֮ǰâڻ񷣡
⣬ᱻ࿴̥ԪʯˣǼˣʩչ֮ٶȷɳ۶ȥ
ಣ
Ҳء˼ɣȥ

аף̥Ԫʯǰ
֪ǰ࣬ȻɳһЩӰ
ֹǼˡ
ٶȻɿһΪһӰڽɿ츳ٶչֵ˼¡
¡
һ֮ͻȻЩ̥Ԫʯ֮ӿ
һɾ֮к󲿷ֵ̥Ԫʯ𿪣жʮ߿뿪ǧԨ
һʱ̥ԪʯҫƬյԨΧǴɽ䡢ࡢǿ߳ɱץһ̥Ԫʯ
꣡
ɿҲٶȣҧסΧһ̥Ԫʯ
һ̥Ԫʯ֣

ӰӴɽ䡢塢֮Խ
ͷ
ĽʿЩԽǰЩ˱ȻܵõһЩ̥Ԫʯ
ͬʱһЩǿ߿ٶЩǺɽ䶥ǿߣЩͷʵٶǺ鳽ͼָ߶ȡ
Ҳ֮С
䣡
ͨǰһֲײͨȻˣ

һԽɵľͷͨˣɱȥ֮һ̥Ԫʯ
ͨ桢¹ǰ̲סѪˣǧȥҵʵȥҲòֻпɿٶܲܶõ飡
ΪɱȥҲò
һſΧɡʬ׹䡣
治ҪȥɣʮԽΪľͷ
Ȼ棺Ȼǵò̥ԪʯϽռɡʬ壬˶ᱦÿ˸ʬ壡
ԣʬ壡ͨһļϣæ档
Ȼ
ǧ˶ڰɱ̥ԪʯûκһˣȥںЩ׹µ֮ʬ塣
ʬһ߾߱ҵõ֣¹ҲռʬС
̥Ԫʯ
Ϸ
һɽҵõһ̥Ԫʯ
û뵽Խǿ߶ϣֻǿ߻һЩ֣׷ȥ
µõ̥ԪʯҲܽߣ
һˣһõ̥ԪʯһɫӰӣ缲ǰ
ɿ
һҲ̫ˣõ̥Ԫʯ

ҲһˣԶȡ̥Ԫʯˡ


1688 
룬ʱ뿪ɽγʲôͼֻǵ̥Ԫʯ
Ȼõʬ壬ֵõ̥Ԫʯͼƻ뿪ˣ
ҲΧۼò׾ۼһͻȻ䣬һڰϢһϮ
桢ͨ¡
תһһӰ
ͨһ־壬üΟ
һֱڰиǣֻɱǣҲķ·𶳳ɱ顣
ΟȻɱˣزżȻ
߿ûɻˣûзǵȳԽɵľͷ
ٺ٣յأǻȥΟӼâ֮лΪʵ
ӣ
ԼͬڵɳۣҲȥգϷǸڶȡ̥Ԫʯ
ŹָӵҸϽһƳΟٶȾ࣬ƲʮϢ򣬾ܳԽǡ

һ֮߿նȻһƽ
桢ͨϷӶ
˭¹һͷϢӣն
ǡǡ
ͨͰͣ³ǿУ棡
棿
ˣ
棡
ֻҪ桢ͨʶ֪εȴҲ˵Ǻεȴڣ
ȷ
濴Խġꡯ
ǵأԹŽĻ
ӱɱҲǿлӲڽ֮ںϣɹᡣ
ôǿ
Ο涼ˡһɨ¹ֻδŴҼߡ
Ο
ٺɽ䡢ǿߣɢ޷󾪺
Ο׷ɱ֮ʣͬʱʩչͨһץ׽һģ̫ˣҲŲסһ
Խɣȷǽɿǣ
ؼܶ˶ʶΟһ֣һЩԽɾͷҲһա
ǷΟĿ겻ǵ̥Ԫʯ̥ԪʯڳجΡ


ͬʱӿǿϢٶ־ˣ׷˺󷽲
Ϣ֮ͷȻ׷ǡ
յʲô·ֻϷӳȥ
ҲǼ˺ˣȻ
ҿ·ﾹһâ΢΢һѷ֮ͷų
Ϊλȥ˵г·벻ףյΪλͷų
ûƬԥһͷȥ
ȷѷһ˵һѷ쿴Ȼһ϶ߣͷһЩʲô
ɿһ仰ƣˣ˵Ϸ䣬廯Ϊһ˿̥Ԫʯĵع
ɵع
ಣ
һʱͬȿ̷ֺС
ٴÿ϶һͷţԭϺڻ䡣
Լʮѷ쾡ͷһϴ˹Ķ߳ˣһعΧѷŴʯʯԼһЩɱؼ
Ȼֱﲻ̫࣬ϢΪϣһһ³ЩɱѾ٣
Ȼһع
һɲǼ䣬Ο׷ɱ
⣡
˻ŴһЩͷոԺû뵽Ο׷
ȥ󷽣
عһȻѷ죬ҲΪ֮ǰɵģͷʱ˹ȥ
ڱƤ£ǻлߣΟͻȻΪһڰֻһɴٶһѾ׷ţ֣һҪ׷档
ƴˣ
Խɾͷж£桢ͨ¹һᵽˡ
Ҳʲô
ڴ߶С˽׼óǿ󷨱Οƴˣ
ΟǼҵģǸСӣԲɱ
ӺҲ׷عٶҲΟ࣡
ȻҪֹΟ֣ȻˣɲҪ棬Ҫ׽棬ȻʲôŶԸ
ʲôΪԽɣͻ棡ٲȻΟ֪ݣ֪棬¾Ͳ˵ˡ

񻹸ΟɱڣԽǰ¹ֻһɾʱӺ״̬ͻȻץһڰ
渧С˲䣬ǰѷ죬Ȼӿһƣֲ̫ȷ
ֱ仯ͫײſʼŴ
ţ
ΟҪɱ棬ƺʲô̧ͷһһӰǰ
֮࣬Οһƾɱȥ
أ
紺ըѣΟӰ飬ת۾Ͳ֪£ΟȻƷˣ
ͬʱһûұ۵ĲӳˣƯϷ
Ҳģͷû˿ɫϷɫҲǸɱģѪ磬زһ
ͨظ˴˭ѵعˣ
̫ˣһоͽΟˣţЦΟЦ
ϤϢΪϤһǿߣͻȻɱѹΟΪʵĵز
ӷǳİ־ϢϤ


1689 ǿ
ȻĿұֲۣˣ涸Ȼˣҵһʱѷȥ
˭
ʱŹˣΟӻܣƺģʵӽ֡
û˿飬İ˵ӦףҲŶһ࣬Ϊδﵽ״̬ΟʵҲǿȥʶĻٹ
Ȼһۿҵ
һ֪ΪΣ亹ð˳㡢ıɽδ֣
ҵֹԼ֪ӦøоңΪ㲻࣬ҲǺڰʿһ֣ҾͲ㣬һ㣡ԷȻС
ߣ
˦˦ƣȲתɳع
㡢㡭
ع֮У˸ֱʣΟӡ
һΟǿվ˫Ȳһͣ
ͣ£Ժڰ㣬ҪڰǸӦ٣ԺڰϢǺڰӦкЩˣǱɽ磬ǲǣ
Οͬûһƣ㾿˭ܸӦҺڰϢ
ֻ֪ԶЩħϹšйʱǴ󲿷ֶˣȻӡںڰ֮У
ħ
Ӧ֪ɣ
Ȼ֪ħǰħһǿߣ
ǣԸղһƣûȡСԺڰʿһҪΪҰЩ顣
ǰħǿߣ
ΟȻͨһ۲ӹͬһϵ
֪ڰƣȻˣ˵һͬ˯Ǹʱǿߣѭ£ӡԼڰ磬ѪӦҪ˰ɣ
ΪǰЧңǺڰͨǰûڰʮߡߡϧڻɱһڰ֮ţǰõڰ֮ţ׿ȥڰ磬ûкڰ֮ţҪܴ󹦷ȥڰ磡
ڰʱҲȥֻ֪ǸӡΣϾɽѾ
ɽѵģ
ţ
۲ӺȻһĨǿɲǴţħһϳ裬ĳ裬ʷϣ޷ĨȥѪծ
ǸղǼʿΪǰҪǣΟԽ޷ס
ΪǲѪ½ߣԷ磬һСϣǼ׵Ķ˵ЩˣȥҺڰ֮ţҪڰ
ǰħһǿ𣿲ħһΪΪǿ壡
ħһԶſʼδս󲿷ֱӡ»ţȥͬʱճ˯Ȼ˵ҲѣٻǣԻĳʱ̼棡
СΪЧٹⰡ
ҲҪƨٽعЩˣȥȡһЩ̥ԪʯǶٶã
ǣ
۲һ£ΟҾСܣΨǴӣ
СӣȻɣ壬ʱ㿴Ŀһģ
۲Ƴһѷ죬Ȼһ
۶ѷһץûκֻͨ屾ͽѷץñ
ѷԨ
⣬桢ͨ¹һ˷
Οɱһ棬һ˲Οǿߣ̫Σˡ
ΟϺڰǿߣ˭һ
Ȼٶȣˣƺ󷽵عѷ췢½ˣһǿɱ
𣿡
ҲٶȣһӦ
Ȼ󷽣عѱʯҲ
¹˿ľˣͬʱҲˣѪӿ纬ŵĻٶˣղ˭֪
üͷһ̾ϢһͨɽΧһЩǿߣ׷ɱʱһ׹ԨһʵޱǿѪˣͨһնұ
ԭ𣬱նұ۵ѪˣֲҲеϤֵϢͨγѾ
Ȼ¹һȻȫ֪Ѫˡ
Ҳ֪ǿǸѪˣղһУܻΟǱȽٱǧ֮ǰܴߣֱ漣¹ΪһѺ
ʱǻ·һѪȴû׷Ҳ˻õٺö
ǸղӼȻѪˣ˽ұնΪδ˲δһʱ˼鷳Ο֣ƺȫڰǣ
ȷ޷ͣ
Ҳһֱ𰸣ΪҽұնβɱңһˣϸϸһΣ±նұۣȻǳǿ㹻ɱͨҲû׷
һһԣɻ


1690 طھ
һʱ֮ǰǸѪˣһݺ棬иͷʱȥʸ
ϴ⴦ѷͷһؾϢ
һֻͷŸӦͨΧһжƺʲô֡
ҿ
ɿҲͷŸӦ
ͨʵǿɿ֮ʵڵģǴ˲ܱġ
Ϣ¶ϲˣǴطξҲǴĳִؾ
ţǾȻֹʺˣ
ҿɲˣ
¹ŴϻɫףѷӦųֲãȻعյأطξͲģҾǸǿ߹ǣģϴǱ׷ɱҲǵõ𣿡
ҵģ¹һ澹Ҳ÷ǳ
ͿԽΪѪˣܵõ
Ϊ֤ʵһ㣬ٷɳھعʮһռ䣬·һֻûһɵ󣬴֮ͷţ⴦¿ռһǿԨ
ɽҲ˴󲿷֣ͨϲƿʩչ
Ҳԣͷ
ó㣬ҷǳ桢¹ɫٷϷ
һ·ȻһȪ
ϧȪˮɽˣγɴԼʮʯһǿ֮֮ɣ紦Ů֮覡
ٿΧ¶ߺһºӣǰǵºӣܴΧ¼ˮճۼ
¹ȪڣǺεȱǿҴؾΧ
ɿ󣡡ɿһ
һʯʱطھ
طھ˶Ȫڡ
ˣطھǴ֮£Ԩ֮е¾ˮͨɣ㿴Χ⴦ؿߣȻںܾǰһºӣˮ˵طٶȹ꣬طκˮɿݣͽֵطھ
ԭˣ
̥Ԫʯһϧ̥Ԫʯϡ٣ԶЩ䣬ʬɵ̥ԪʯԵ̥ԪʯɽһЩͷܼͬĵطھǴس֮²γôʮ飬ϡΪ󰡣
кô
ôطھǴؾ̶ɣǾں֮Ԫʵʻһ޴ôٿռ䣬طھɾӣ޼֮ǶڴԣЩͷӵ˵طھȥʱտٵ˷ˣƱ
ٿ飡
󣬺޲϶ȡ
һʮſ飬ץ飬ȸ˰¹зݣ󱦱ÿ˶õ顣
飬Լ⣬飬ͱţ
ÿ˶õطھһһˣ䱦
ɿɱʯñʯںϣֿ棺ˣǷˮذػᱻɵԴ֮ϣԵһ޴ûеطھȻŴطξ˷ˣ
ҵѪ˻׷ɱ⴦ǵģȻɱѷ췢ҲǾɵطξָ۷뿪
Ȼ˷ˮأһܰװ״
ͨȥѷͨ飬һڲͬʯϣɵطξ
ˣ

ɴ鵤Ѫеطξָ۷壬ÿ˶Ҫͻơ
ɿһŷӡ档
̥ԪʯϸϸһⱦѪ衢ɵϱ
̥Ԫʯ̫оǿоǿɡ
Сӣ̥ԪʯԽ࣬Ϊף黹ǱȽ٣ͻȻ
̫ˣ
û취ֻֻԺȥȡ̥ԪʯֱӦûв١
һ¹Էһ顣
ʣ飬СƸڲʯϹݽڸʬ֮Уһ̥ԪʯϹںϣö֮øʬָһЩѪ
ΪҲ޷̥ԪʯǽҲ޷
ݶҲһֱô˯ȥǿһ죬ܸκδۣҲҪ㸴īɽׯλãħһԶīɽׯþ֮һУֲҵԺ
ʹ飬ֲϹʬ壬뵽īɽׯǷξ
֪ǻþʵһ
ָоԽͣ
СҲҵ㡭뵽һٻӰʱʱƮ֣
طξ޷ȫգﵽͻƿջǾ뿪
мγѷ죬Լ󣬲ڻصɽڲռ䣬Ͻ뿪յء
Ľ㻹ѰɽΧһӣ¹ɻȡϵ
ǾѰطͻƣ
һʱ䣬Ҵɽڲȥ


1691 ˫˫ͻ
֮⣬ѰһɽȣͨҥɹŮӻŮѳΪͨŮūꡢƣܣԶҲܷ
ŮõһЩԴɽΧУΪ˻
ַʼͻƣ¹̤ɶ죬Ҳ졣
Ҳͻƣ
֮Уͨͻ˵ġ
һ̿ʼӽ죬̤ɰ죬κһͻƣǷǳѵģʮð֮ãΣգֻòٻͻȻ⡣
ͳûͻɣӵؿյնĵطξһգѪ鵤ͻҲ⣡
̤죬ʵҡֱϣ׼죡
¹ֱһͻƣӶ̤죬Ͼûǰ䡢ӣ˴Դ£ͻٶȳԽҲ֮С
ȻͲǰ¹
졭
꣬øԴȰ¹˳̤죬Ҳͷھ
ǰòͻһӿʼ飬ѪѪһ
ɽһУʮɽһ緢
ͻ죬ɴ鵤ѪԼطξʵ̶ʱֱ죬̤۷塣
һɲǣﵽ߳飬Ѫ⡢Ͻ֮С
Ϣ۽ǽ飬һεѪ
ƤҲвٶҺ塢ųͻƶΧԾòӦ˭ͻƶͨࡣ
ַ֮һŽѪѪ֮塣
Դ̫ˡ
ǰǳɽ磬鵤һҲûУ
ȥɹ֮Ҳؤһɹ赤ҩأ
ӴʬռԴ㹻ʮУؼûȥͳͳ鵤ʯ㹻ϰС
ʱ˿ûȥںԴǴš
طھ
֮УҲ鿴طھ
طھǰƴСҫۣ覣ڱʯԿһۼ
ǵطھγ¶ӡ֤
ö
Ƚһطھ˲ںϣĿƸ𡭡
һطھ˲
ɫ֮У̤죬Ų鿴ɫΪȻ
ѪɫɱɵĻ編ࡣ
編һЩɫڲŽǡս졢ɽӡ۶Ϊɫ
þδʩչ࣬ʩչΪȫѹκɣͨɣҲ⣡
زһѪѪ롢ǱѪѪһֱڷա
رθ׾ͼ˫㣬ѽڵɸɾѪϻζ
һԪӿԪ˳һδͨԪ𵴡
ĵȻǰءδ֪ͨԪڸʯףȻûжٱ仯
ͻ죬ȻСʵ˵λɣλɶԸҲΪҪǿ󣬳ԽɳΪɣ
֮ǰһиоɻǴвֿ࣬ʼɸԴͬʱҲ־
˫֮ӡΪ־תͷ΢΢ɫ󣬼һֿҪѳĸо
ӡΪɫ䲻̫ǿңǱ仯ͦ˵ģ˫ǻɫݱӡȴǰɫ࡭
оӡɱ䣬Ȼžίʵо⡣
ΪһֶΣҲʱʱ̿ɱ䣬֪֮е˫㣬Ǻεȴڣ
΢΢߶ӡ΢΢ȣͽΧС
ӡ˶컯
ͣ
һ΢΢һĽ
⿴ȥԭҲͻƣΪ𼸺ʮɣɫһѪۣû
ֿţֶͻ֮УɿҲոͻһ磬ʵλɣȥɿʵӦṳ̂۷塣
¹Ҳʼ۷壬ҲǴ̤һ߶ȡ
桢ͨͻƽƶž˽
ʱں˫һĶ컯ˣ
ЩҲһֱڽ컯һ߶ȣôɽ
¹ҪԼ֮˶æں϶컯
ŹȻף
һꡢꡭ
¹һԽ棬ͻ죡
ͻ֮дŵطھôͻƣҲ벻ںϵطھĪϵ
Ҳʼ۷塭
ȫͷ־ÿһԼȫѪϣ
ֳ״̬£һС
ͣ
Ҳһº󣬵Ȱ¹˳̤죬Ҳȫ顣
ɮ붨ĥʹںһδʹʲô


1692 Ž֮
죬ƤӤǰ۰ףԴٶȿ
죡
ʱˣһͻƺü磬¹Ψֻ̤ͨɡ
ΪλɣɻԶôɽһѾȫʱ뷨ںϣþ硢̤ͨ죡һᣬֿʼ
δҶǷ״̬ںϷͨΪ
Լֹһ꣬ɽ뿪꣡
¹Ȼ棺Ľ뿪ɽ֮ⷽ뿪ıǰڣƺʲô£
ʺϷߣڷ羭ǧգĥµģɽȷΪ嫡ΣգǶҪһ̨ɳкö㣡
¹Ҫˣ
ⲻᣬȴòȥ
¹Ծ·ϵжԼţҵ㣬һĸɶգĴܲףǰɣĽȫĴң¹Ʋ³ǷߣҲδһֱ׷ȥȥڣһȱԴ
Ǹȥϣܱһվɽۣ֮֮ǰͨѪˣȴõ걦ҩ˲ι˲ι̫ˣҲʮ꣬Ʒ˲ιһ㹻ýɳԽһ磬ЩͷһҲҸţϣ̤ɣ̤߾磡
ͷһӡȻ֮ǰ˲ι
¹ʱסˣѺӡ˺öһֱţδ
ֺöɾûôýϾ磬ɲЧٸһЩɡѪͻƽ֮󣬾˲ιܿ쳬Խɣ̤һ߶ȣ˲ιɡѪ
Щ޾ԴҲǰ¹Ҫģ
Ҫౣأɵį
¹ҲûоܾĬĬ¡
ɻ˴ɹɽȼΪζһɡɾȻûһ䡣
Ҫ֪һɣɽ
ҲӰ¹ﰵл֪ԭɻҪԽɣͻһ磬Բżϻطڣõһö̥ԪʯԼ걦ҩԽɲ⡣
ºɻɻָһЩհ¹˵ʧڻı
տպڻ磬ͬмʧ䣺ϴ󣬰¹㻼빲һӣ׻˵ĺãףѣȥڣһ¶Ϊɻ˿񣬾翴һİˣҵ¹ͬİ·
ټˣͷĿ͸ŲãɵįδֻҪһɾͣδҵΣ
ҾۼڰգʱʱܸӦΧнϢӹˣĿǰʵϲ£ߣҲ㲻ǿߣҪɹ𣿡
ȥδӣ
ɽֽ֮ͨɶΪ֮ã
Ƭ̼䣬κȻЦ˵бɽҵûаһˣջķᣬȥؿΪȥģ룬Ǵӷɽ磬Ǵ̤ɽ磬õ߲ϴ裬ҾһʲôйءɹÿأǾȻɹʺһʱ䣬ȳΪ㣡
ȥ
ͬ
֮ɽԶɽǰҲܴ⣬ѩħ֣ȻǺɽ̡
һ˽ѩħɵΣգ棡
ֳɹŽӣΪһξͷӵиҴѩħǱУʱʱ̿̽ķë
һЩ˴ɽ˴УԼڰȻ뿪ħ֡
ǰþǹŽɽ佻̣
ŽɽһȣԸͨŽҲȥɽ塢̡
ṳ̂Ẓ̌Žټ֮УܶཫʿѲ߱ǰ಻١
Ǽվס
һ죬ͨӹŽ⾭
֪һйŽǿߺסΪʲô鷳ڵӼеǻ䣬Ϊʵۣ˿һ£ǲҪκʯڲ̻ᶼ۶ۡ
ǣʵš
ĿЩʿ뿪
ͨǼ⣬洫ӵǻˣĪ˵ǹŽǸӣɣǱᣬ漴ǻΪŽʵۣżˣΪһûݣ˳صŽҪʵۣ
Ҳ̫С棬һŽӣ²Ϊ޵ҡһΪʵۡ
ش󽻺ãǰԵڹŽݣܰŽƣ
ش󡭡
ϴ˰ɣȥʲôش󣬵㣬󷴶㣬ûн˵֪࣬ܽٵѣ
ȥ֪ͨش


1693 Ž
滹Ǿãݸ֪ش
һţٺôýʿ콻ظһȻȥ
Լʱ
ʳǽϽظ
磬˵˵ǺҪһҪһֱڻߣ
ȻǸһ̬
һڣҼǿߡ
ǿȥ󣬽ӹʲô£ҪԽף׽һҪ񽻸ҿк
Ҳرص尵ҪֺؼҲ˵ŷͷ
ҿǵҪӰɣǵʵۣ
磬۸ӣ
ǸԬˣȻĻܸ׾ʹӦԬһ£Żף˵ҵǿǸ棬ԬҲؼҲΪף
΢Ц֮ѹơ
Ƭ̼䣬ϳһģԪ
Ž滯ζ
Цģһ֮Աǡ
󾪻ŵ磬ĪǴģֶ֮꣬δͻȻ˴⣬Īԣ᣿
С֣꣬û֤ʵȻг͢һЩʼʼżӣϾ֮λᣬѪȷ硣
ҿ֪ͨ״ˣ
ǧӿøף֮ӵǻΪʵۣǸ׾ǳسǽһ֮֮ϣؼڹŽǺεȵλһ֪£ȥӡ֤٣һðӣؼδˣҲ޷Ϊʺ󣡡
⡭
ʧɫδӰ쵽˵ز
ͻȻץס磬桭
ܣԸΪȻ棬ҲԸӦӡĪˣǻȥ
Ž⣬Ȼǳɽ룬һЩյأ±ŽƿأڲҲвٹ
죬ԶŽаٶʱҲ̷鵤ɡѪڵطھС
ˣ
ɽ֮УҲչ־ԼСǧ
ͨԪǼĵ£һǣ
ٶȣɻؿ˷ĵþδ޶ΧĪ쳣Ϣɣ
ĵСǧӵһδ֪Ӧڷʱü棬ȹһδΣ
氵֪һչСǧܿҲȺɽ֮УЩɽһ͸Ų
ˣҲҪȥ
ԽȴŽһЩɽʿڰÿǧѲţΪǹŽǿߣ
ԽЩɣһȺɽڻҼûɽΧͻȻӦһϤͷš

ѵ
·ʲôɽû뵽ǰɽΧиڰأһ磬ϢԵԲ
ͨˣһɺÿڲͷţЩϤ
ǡϢһҲޱȡ
棿
˶ΪĿģ澹Ȼ
ʵҲһ̣ȷղǹϤϢ档
ǿΪйŽôɣػ棡ΧϢ֮ںظӦ
ʵӦܴﵽλ۷߶ȣ治Ӧϣ˸ӦԽɡ
硣
ǳ䣬ֻϢ̺ʴý翴ȥǳͨ
Ϣ֮Ӧ촩͸һ磬Ȼ䣬һͷĴ桢⧲һ
棡
ϤͻȻͳǰʵĲоӿҪһ̱Ϳա
֣Ӧͨ뺮ɿţҲڲ޴
˭˲𺳣
潫Ӧ߷£ּǧ׸ϣȻһ࣡
Щ˲ιһסеѳΪʬеѪǸ벻ա
Լ˱ƣȻһ˾
ش󣡡
ʾ濴¡
·棬ԼϰٽľվشԼһݼΪŽ
ϸһͷޱ飬һվһ

һ̣ҺȻһ磡
֮ѪŽӴѪ֮ϴѪ롣
ȥһȣ
ǣӣ
شнɹ
ַ磬ͻȻϴһֲϢˣɡɣ
һᣬҾͼһˣŽǿѺΧŽǿ߽Щ󣬾ȴš
ش뼸½ɽ࣬һͷץҡ


1694 ͨ
ŽͨɡɣֻҪʮͨˣʵܴﵽ۷壡
ͻȻϤѪ֮Ц
ͨҡͷˣùŽͨǻɣ䷽ʽħһ׶ྫħﻹ£һˣ
ҿﶼˣｨ磬ùŽƽ
žžž
汾ҵʬѺЩȡţȻڣ߸߹ܿʧȥʶ
һ˿ʽҲȲϣҲ顣
ɽʶֳ桢ǿߣȻһΣȴһĿá
ˣ
һ̣ɿ˵ˣûֹô֮һοҶɡɣټɽ֮Уǳ֣ҲȥŽʿҪճΪ
𣿡
ŽУ
ŽҲСʵȲɹڻıҲһҲаˣ
е۹ǿ߻ǲٵģشǿߣǳԽɵĴڣѵвһ棿
ɿֶŵʽ˿ֲʽ˲࣬Ǵ˲͵ѧֲֿʽζδɾͣΪһ
ͨ˲ǹʵˣ˿ƣǿҲǸֲ˲ιã
Ȼ󲿷˲ǿƿأҲһЩҰ˲ΪĳЩյء֮ϴڣһЩ˲˱նɱ˲Щܿռ֮Уö֮Щ˲ҲΪ֣
ΣҪŽ޷æ֮ǰҪԻӳΪǻΪʵۣζпѾƹŽڲǿߣԾȥ֪ͨŽ͢Ҳ޲֮ãֹҲУ׼뿪Ǳ淢֣ǽҪ߾ͲˣʵƷھͷˣҲһˣ
ԣϽߣ
Ҷͬ⣬Ŀֲ֮
þͽ뿪Ƭɽ
û뵽شˣΪ¿ܣԺȻɣЩˣΪ˸ߺԼĵߵĸԶ
ش
һѵõʿΪϣϧյԵȻ޴档
ǰΪشһֱӴȥѡ
±仯޳
ԶẒ̌Ǻɽ䣬ʵ̤ɣȥڰ֮Ԩ
Ǿǡֳǵƿصؽ磬Ҳ浱ѵˡ
ǿ߻֣
Ǹ鳽ҲϧûʱȥȥҲףҪºڰ֮ԨԽЩߵ̲ܵ
Ժлˣ
˳ﵽɳǣؽ磬潫󲿷ֲԴؼʥ״ɱһЩʯȥһ̻ۡ
鵤ʯʱԹʵ󲿷ֶɣԼɵҲʮ֮һˡ
ɿͨѷǳ̬
ͨҲʼȦūԺԴҪĸࡣ
ڼɳϢ£˲Խٶȷɹ

ʱţָȥ
ƿ߿ճǣ
ɹҵٶҲܴƿ߿ճǸϻȥЩǲƿ߿ճͻƣٸϻɹ
;·ƿ߿ճǣĬ̸Υ꣡
Ŵƿ߿ճ︽Ѱһɽȣ֮ͨòҥɣ¸Χӡ
ɣ¾ѿһǸŮӣɹһ洫ӣһλɣˣɹҲһ
洫ѾкܴȨʽӶԣɱȨ
ŮѳΪͨħ˫޶ͨҲٽѪ鵤ɣɣҥʵǿҲͻһ硣
꣡
ڣ
û뵽һͻƵͨ棡
Ӱ̤ɾ죬һ·ʮʱ䣬ͨʱ̶ñ֮ǰɽõʬ壬ʮߣһɶӴƸ
ϵطھ鵤컯Ĳҥɣ˫ޣͨٶٴһ߶ȣ棬Ϊ̬
ϧ棬ʼߣɿ桢ţԴ̷ǿеĻڹƻǵʵ
¡¡
ͨͻƺƴ󣬱Ͼ̤һ죬涼޷Ӧ
û취ҾֻܼȻͨͻƽ
ͨڴɰ̤ɾ죡
ɾ죬ͨ磬ǿߣֻһ֮ң
в鿴ͨɱ֮仯ȷ绻һƵģʱ氵пһࣺɿ󣬽һʲô


1695 ͻ
ͷž˽ɫâӦ֮ʥʥʥκʵ֮УǾԺģһЩСʥѾǳϼشʥ磬ǸλʥڹŽǸ߸ϵĽ
ɡɡɡɡʥ
һո¾ˣش󡢺鳽ΟƾʥΪ
ֲÿѹɣҪ֪ټɽ֮Уϴڣ
ɿֵˣͨͻƽɾ죬ֻҪʮʱ䣬ҪͻʥвٽѪ϶컯ҲҪͻƣûرǴͻʥĻһڽҪ꣬ŽҪǧ꣬Щɣоͷϴ裬ҲҪǧͻʥ󲿷ֶҪʱ⣬궼޷ͻƣ̤ʥ̤һ߲Σ

̤ͨɾ죬һ֮󣬾ʥ
ʥɹϵǵȴڣ
˼֮üޣҲᵽǿߣҲȥأ߱һʥǿߣһ֮бɽһݰգ
ˣֹͨͣУæǰ֪кΰš
ȥ
һ˲ιѪϧ˲ιͨС
ͨסˣ֪˲ιҪˣǣ
ŭ֮ʥ磬Ҵɿ˽⵽ͻʥǳѣҪԴ˵Ҫôᱦҩ˲ιʵΪͻʥ磬һ˲ιӵеҩ㹻ʥͻʥһ̣ͨɽ֮Уһǿˣ
лˣ
ͷϲȥ
˲ιҪԣͨȻף֪һ㣬Ÿꣿ
ٿɿ桢ţֶǸĴڣ˲ιȴ֤Ŀء
꣡
һɽҲȫ
ͻˣ
죡
ɿ󡢺桢ţҲڸͻ֮С

ɹ֮⣡
ǼɹӣһҲܲˣ
ɹʮ̫潣ŵӣնɱüɹеӡ
ʣ߸ɹŮӣʩչ󷴻ϧ̫潣˶ڣʩչ綾һը̲
ȥΧԶţٺ٣ɹ֧Ԯ֪ͨǣҪȿЩƽﲻʳ˼̻ӣҲ˼ζ
һɶ̫潣ɵӷΧ

ŮӼţϴ߶
ʮ⣡
һӰ߿ͷɣ£ͨں󷽽
ˣ
ɣӹ𣬺Ȼ˶
һͣΪ֮ŭͨˣǰмɹŮӱ̫潣Χɱȣ
ͨѽɹؽ磬̫潣źʱĿŵҹȻɹ֣
ɣ̲ס£ȥЩŮӣȣЩŮӲᱻ̫潣ףȥΪЩ̫潣ŵūҾǽ˻Ǵаʿ
ȥɣף

ٶȶȻ
Ϊнâ
һֺ֮Уһ̫潣ɵ̧ͷƲʣͻȻһɳһǰּâ
գۼ䣬һâɱǰ̼޷
ɣºˣѹһڽ̫潣Ųһѹһֺȥ

û£̫潣ɺ£ѹɹŮӡ
ͻȻʲôתһͷɣѺ̫潣ɵӾҶͱ˶桢ͨˡ
Ŷ
̫潣ӣһɣ³֣һ˻ȻЦⲻɣ𣿻Ϊȥ˺δ̫潣ɱɹһֱδ㣡
ɣ²Ȼŭ޲ɱȥһ䣺̫潣ΪιȻɹɱӣ
ɣ·ŭмֶɹҪ̫潣ҲҪϧֻһ޴ɹ̵̫潣ţǱɹĿǰ̫潣Žڽʤϱƽɹ
˼̫潣ţʽɹս
ڶʮǰͿսˣΪɹ洫ӣȻ֪Ϣ
ߣ֪֪£Ȼսˣɹ̫潣ţѰ·
ɣǲ鰡ҲգȻˣɣﻹûнΪūͲˣ
룡
ۣ
ɣ½ͻȻǸ̫潣ɵӣ۰ͰͿͷء
ִһɣץһʯɵؽɽɱһҶ㽣ǿһԾ
û뵽ʮ겻ʵٰ
̫潣ʮӿͬ鱻ɱĸҰһŭ
չ˫ۣҲץɽһ󼲷磬ͷţ
䣡
̼ɣ½ƣڰնײ


1696 ֮

зɽֶ·͵Ϯһ㣬ɣ½Ҫɱɣ¡

ɣҲϽɽ׳Էɽɱһ𣬻Ǳ䣬˳Χӿȥ
洫ʦ
ǼɹŮӻæߺ
ӣʵȻǿ˲٣һҪһӣżɱɽʱʱɱӡ
ɣ´ݲӦţͨɲٵҩʵδﵽλɣ㹻Ը󲿷λɡ
ǹȥæ̫潣ŵһʬǿɵɣ
һ̣ɿ󡢺桢ţ
ϣ
ɿͷһ̰ײЦɱȥ

̫潣ʣһɣɿȹû룬һ֮󣬲ŽɱһƬâ
һһɣʲô
ţͻȻӿٶȣƺɿٶȡ
һ̣ɿһȭֽɱâǰ
žžž
â̼俪ʼѣţһȭδŽһȭɱȭȶԷһֻԵ
ܡ
ǰһ̻һӣһ̣â֮УƬţһȭɱˡ
˫֡˫űʳһڽڣ̫Ѫˡ
һȭɱɣ
Ӱ
ݲôϢ䣬̫潣ʮɼһĻŵøεѣͷܣֻһͷߡ
˭ţֵǿ󣬳
ҵЩ˵棬ţ־Ȼȥʬʬһڿڳȥ
ǡ
ɣ½ɣҲȹϣû뵽ɣһ˹Ϊֻǽɡ
һɣȻ˶֡
ڣȻһɣʵǿ˹
Żˣ
ٺ٣۸Ůʲôң
ͻȻЦ
ȻʮŮƷ΢һЩҲǳССģȴһ֮
ಣ
ˣ

ոշɳɣһ޺
ΧʮͻȻɱ赲Ƿɱɽڣɽп
ɽϧٶȸˣɱɽ޷
桢ţɽ磬ڿƷǰ㣬ʩչ濴һĻοޱȡ
ɣһϺɱڲ㣬ɺˣ󱻺ɱʬҲ֮УɣµǸСħŮ
ʮϢ̫潣ʮˣһɱ桢ͨһֱûг֣
ݼ洫
ȳЩŮӣæɣǰ£
ɹΣʩչƽŮɣ¹ʵ
һŮӼæش𣺡ɹ̫潣ʽս󣬴ӶɷӴ죬ɹǧ̫潣ɱЩӱɱӱ̫潣Ż׽Ҳɱ̫潣ӣ̫潣ŻԽɱǾǲС
ɹʮӣ̶ʮ˼ˡɣоɹƲ
ˣ氵дһ
ϢʮɹŮӿٷɣ
Ȼɵǣһһ˾ȻĪ˼꣬ѾɹɣһʵҲ
һ죬һ죡
洫
Ůɣ
ɣ»֮󣬿Ī˼꣬ϲĪʦ̤ɣӷӽ洫ӣ
һҪŬʦѧϰ
Ī˼һƽɣɣֽǰȻλһء
ֿˣȻʵʦ㣬⼸˲Ǹҹʦҹʦˣ
Ī˼֪ʣǬɳǣԪ֮Ͳ³ǰ¹Ϊһ֮ǬɳǣżҾһδĪ鷳Ժһֱȥ£һˡ
ڰ¹֮£Ȼ͸к
ɣºԥҲ̫˵ʧǼˣһƮѩ۵ӣ̶ʦø𣬱㲻ˣȱټۣͽǴߣҹʦùһġ
һŮɣ񣺡ҹʦȻϵȥʦ̫ʱˣ̫潣޼ɵ̤ɹɵǬɳǵȳǳؿһ壬Ҫɹ̫潣ѷͻᷢģսҪӻع飡
һλŮҲ˷ܲѣû뵽ʦһɱ̫潣żɣԼɵӣ֪һҽ
Ȼȥ˵ɣʾ뿪Χ֮󣬴ɢɱ𽥿ɹ
;֮Уɣû¾Ůģ֪Ǭɳм嶼̫潣ſƣĪ˼Īңżҵȼ̫潣ͻϮһҹ֮ĪֻһɹѰӻ
̫潣ţ죬ɹΧɳǣ඼̫潣һ¡
ɹʮɹӾͶˣʮΪһʱʱ̿ڰաּѲߡ
Ȼصɹ˶ԣȻûжٱ仯֮ǰ޷Ӧ磬һĿȻ


1697 ۸ҵ
ȹŽɹɵǧˣʥϵӣҲʮˡ
ɣڵ¹ȡΪ¹洫۵ӣ
ɣȥ߲㸴߼һϢ̶ϵӣҹ䣬Ҳǲ֮
ϵʥΪ̶Ű¹ɹϵӱȻһʱ֪¹Ƿߣϧһӣջһ֪³
ɻ˻᲻÷˹֪ͨҹѼڣҲǺ¡
ɣ»֪ˣ˵ѿձɹ߲㣬ڵѰѿ˺δ
ãã˺߾ͷҲޱ֮Уҵһ˾λá
ɹԣһʱ֮ɣ洫ӰչˣǼһֱ¹
ܳһʱ䣬ƻȥأɣռ鱨Ȼǰ챦ͥҲƼأǿߣıһֱδ˵˭õ
ˡ
¹һɽޣ
ɣͻȻ˹˵λϵӾڸոս̫潣ǿɱһҲ̫潣Ž¡
ͨŭ𣬴ɣ£ʱĥҵˣ˸㣿
ɣſڵϣϲѪۣҲһЩɫҺðẉ̫̂潣ħǿߺ¹ȵѲߣϵԮû뵽ȴһ壬ϵӸ̫潣ҲɱһϵӣԼһħǿߣɹһϵˣ
ӵģҵŮҲ۸
ΪˣֺܹŹ־綾
濴ɣƵأ綾Ϊ¡
ģ
ħ˵ʲô
ڶڣʩչɾ綾ɣһ̾綾˿ڡ
ͨﻹѪΪ
ɣ£
֪һŮ֮𵴣ҲܵӰ졣
ִˣһѯϵӣԼ¹ȴ֮¡ɣ¶š
뿪ʮ¹ȵӾۼܶ඼ơ
ʱŮӽ٣ɹִӣһϵ䣬ȻҪ¹Ȳ
ڶڣδȥЩִӡ
̲ͨס񣺡ϴ̫潣ŸҶŮ֣ɱˣҲӲܣ
ҲҪȥ
ɿɭɭЦ˴ڶ컯̫潣ŵӾǹǵֵģɱͳͳ
԰
桢ţҲһļϣ
ĥᣬҪ̫ѪǴʵﵽɸ߶֮һɣֻҪ칦
ʱ弸ףҿɣħЩҲҪģȻǻɹӣⷽҲӦóһɣ´Ŵҳȥɱ̫潣ţ
ٺ٣
죬Ƕħ
ִߺɣ¼ΪίһϵӶɹ̫Ҫˣɣ¶ϵһӰˡ
ϵ䣬һʧȥ䡣
ҶҵŮˣպҪʥһ˲ιдʿɣ˲ιʥߣ
˵ʱʱ죬ͨɣ´·Ƿ뿪¹ȡ
ˣҲҪʩչΪʽȡȥ֮ǰͻɰ졢죬Գɣ
ž
˫һѹֱۿʼը
̼䣬һ˷ѪΪһƬѪ
Ѫմ棬Ѫ𣬻棬ɼѪѪͷſ
öɲ

δ뵽ǣʮɴöɲ״̬ŲϷաΪѪˮУȻּѪѪ
ѪѪδС
һѪѪΪʩչЩѪҪӡǡ
ּѪֿʼûȻ̬𽥻ΪĵŻѪˡ
Ѫգۼ䣬ȻͬʱƤԼʮϢͻΪ桯뱾û˿ͬ
Ϣһ
Ĵͬʱſ˫ۣ˴˿˱˴ˣȻֻЦһֱ뽫öɲɣڷɼںϸֻϵɫʯòײöɲѪӵֻϵһĵѪ
ѪȴֻöɲѪɣǿԶȥģҲж˼άĴѪȴԪһơ
쿪ʼҵٶȣǰӿֲӵöɲܷѳĵѪöɲУĸһ

һſ鵤İ
ѪԪʶ£ͬʱ鵤ڣʮѪ
ΧҲֲʡƷʯöʮ

öɲΪУĵѪҩ֮࣬Ҳʼһͬ־СǧϹ


1698 ɰ
ãĵѪϽǹգΧöɲѪˮУĴԴնľѪˮ֮Уöɲڻ
öɲһֱռͨʩչ廯ΪѪˮÿһʱʱ̿
ĵӦˣƿءԦҲûκβӦĵҪȭ߲ͫԪԼӡǣұѪˮ־ɸԴ
£
Ѿĵ磬ȻĴôɲɵҩ
һĲɶã
дɣκ˶ԣʱø߶ȱں״̬
ĵĵ־ͨԼҪ־СǧԼɸԴ
ͣ
һ־£ʼ߲Ԫ岻ǻգһ߲˿Χߡ
ӡ˿ںΪָС߲׹⣬ϴִͷ룬ػءܿǰԵ߲Ԫ
ԱһͻѪ⣬һӡΪһͻܿȻҲΪһѪͻ״̬
ӡ֮ΪԶžͷͨ
ʽȻͬҲǳߣӡ⣬˶޷ԭ
ߣӵѪӡǡ
ʱͻȻƯѪ֮УȭͷʱԵͣʱˮȭ
һ˫ۺܿðջ棬֮Уһзջ棬ΪһѪɫ硣
ÿһ֮УǻڳҲвУ֮һøӦһÿһ˺֣һ̺
ͫ
Զߣٵأɱڰаɱڰ֮УΪӴ󡢿µĴͨ
ȭȴҲʽ
ͫ󲿷֣һͨһ޳֮У˫ܱͫͨͫʩչϵͨ˫ۻ˲棬Ҳκͨ
СӣҲõʥ磬ܽͫս
֮ǰһֻڳѾջɽ֮ãҾ粻һδͻ֮ҵ𽥻ָһ֣öɲû뵽Ч
СӾǸֲţӡǷʽҶδŹСҪΪϹκߡ
޷Ԥ֪ˣֻܾȥҵúúԼƣҲöɲӦҲѪںһ𣬴Ӵֻһöɲ
ѪöɲںΪһ壬޷ֿСӹ̥һڷͿԼһ˲
ޱȼֶǿޡ
һڲӦոʽԦһ죬ŻΪ
ʹʽ־öɲѪˮ־СǧĴѪ
Լ
ͣ
Ѫˮ֮УͻȻн
ĵȻѪˮ֮УöɲҲ𽥻Ϊ״̬ع鱾֮󣬼͵ر
꣡
ͷ
Ҫͻˣ
Ǹʼͻƣ̤졣
ƺƴ󣬺ڶӡɣȥʱҲȥκεӲܿɽ塣
ֻһˣɹص㶼ڶԸ̫潣ţ˭ûһ
ţѳΪһѪˡ
ͻƴʹ࣬Դʿԣһĥ
Ƿߣͨʿͻơǧͽⷬ
ɽˣĦ졢硢޼ˣҲӦͶɽ٣ɽ֮УԣɽҲϰ꣬Ƕȥȣ׼棬ټɽ磬Ҳ֪ǲǷͥ
һ̣뵽˷Щǿߣ
ǶĵǿߣǾʿɽ磬ȻҲᳬԽ󲿷ʿ
֮
ɴѪٽѪ鵤Լֿʼһ걦ҩ΢΢ҩ
һ״̬һʱٶȿݡ
Ǳҩֻռٱҩˣ󱦱ɲһھͳԵ
Ѫ˿˿ҩ󲻷Ÿ÷һ걦ҩá
Ȼһھ̵ˣԶʱӴ֮Ͳܴһ˿˿ɱҩڽÿ磬ǵȴͻƽһ̡
覣
ɰ죡
̤һ磡
Ȼɽ֮УԳΪǿߣڸ֮ͥУɾϣɲǿߡ
öɲ
ͻƳ׽֮ٴ顣


1699 ɱ˾
οɲͻƣǴ߶öɲ
û뵽Ѫˮ֮ǰԴһɶ࣬Ϊɰ죬ǿ֮ҲöɲӲ
ٴδ߶ĵֿʼͨ汾ѪˮΪУȫԴ鵤ɣóʯ
Ѫøˣɰǿ

ãԶ
ӦܸҼΪϸϸһԭɣ´ͨһ˻ˡ
öɲδˣţߺɱˬˣˣǿɱ̫潣ǧˣɶɱʮˡ
˽æóսƷչʾ
ʮʬ壬ʬ嶼⼸꣬ɹ룬ͨҲɲˣʣֻһٶʬ塣
Ⱥ
̫潣Ǿ͵ǣ潫һʬ£Щ̫潣ŵӿռָ֮ģͨԺЩͨԴ
ɣҲãΪõɹνһδ¹ȵӣɱ̫潣ǧӣһʱ䶯ɹ
ȻͨЩ۵ҲˣɹٵӿɱǿһҲ
ˣ
Ϣһӣͨ洫γȥԸ̫潣ţҸӦԺڰħУȻûϤڰϢһҲİ
ڰ磿
ͨһ̣֪ڰζʲô̶ֻڰŷǳԾ
û뵽Żصɹڰǿߣ
ףǵõԺڰħڰӦʽԵģ
ͨһϾڰħǿ߿ɲһ㣬аħͨħҲǳ̫潣ҲżȻڰǿϵһССȻ²ڰһ𣬽Ըɹ
Ǻڰħ廹ǺڰЩپɱ٣㲻ڰһų⣬ʱնɱˣɾͳˣ
ڰǿȻɽ磬Ǻڰ硣
ͨʮɣ˲ιӦÿԳ۷壬̤ʥʱĪȥˣΪʱǻҪȥأþ͵̤ʥһиаգϾɽ֮ߴԶžأɽܱȵģ
ǣ
ͨӺһȥһ࣬óʼ컯
ԼԼ䣬֮󣬾ʹ͸һ㵭⣬ֻΪ״̬ͨںš
˲ι
Ѿ˲ιϽʬ徫ϢԽӿȡ
ҲϢ֮УӦطھͨκһϢ˶ԣңɼı
ɿ󡢺桢ţγȥһٴͣһҲ컯Ϊ
ҥɣҲɣʱʱҪȥʵ
ﵽɰ״̬ˣϣͻƾ죬̤ɣȥء
Ϊʵ
ֶһӡ֮Уʩչöɲʼ
ʲôɽϹߴأܴñΪʥ⣬ǿҳΪǿߵķˮأƺѾȲȥؿ
ɽ֮ãĴ̤λɣ
ɽԶأȻӵиϱ
ֿʼͻˣôʬ壬еطھͻƲ⣬ǲԺܶʬ壬Ҳ鵤һҪǧƷƷ鵤
Ҫ֪ɶƷ鵤ȴɳԽƷƷ鵤
ȻƷƷ鵤Ҳ̫࣬һҲģֻҪܳԵ£ǳԡ
䡭
ֹȥ꣡
˶ڴ״̬ͻȻɹһټ
ɣ´֮д߶ƣ̲ס̫潣ɳɱϵӴ죬ɹټӣ׼ӭս
ͨмɱ̫潣Ҳ̫żɹ
Ҳȥһûһ壡û뵽ΣҪȥԸ̫潣š
ˣҲҪɱһõıøΪ;ȻһʥͨҲվ
ɣȳȥһ󣬵ȴҳʱ¹ֻʣˣ֮ǰǧˣ̫潣Ž¡
ɣ´죬˷ɳͼǰһ洫ӣµٻǧӾۼ
ɹҲӣ
Щϵӣȷ
˷ǰɽͨпϷʮˣһʥΪ
̶һϵӣǸһŮӣֻʮӣᣬ޵ʥҲӼ¹ƴŮʱͿ¹Ƿߡ
ˣ
˷ɳʮԽֺԼɽ
ǰƽԭͻȻ
̫潣ŵӳˣǼһɫۣ̤ɽ˾ۼգƬնǽͷš


1700 ۵Ҳ
ɹ
˭ѹɹŮӣǾ˭˫޵£
û뵽̫潣˽˾˳һƬһɱ
ɹ
һϵӴ߶֮Ժը죡
ɱ
Ůɱ˳ȥ
룡
ͨɣһɳٶԳԽӣ桢桢ţٶҲǳˡ
û뵽¹۵ӣȻ紫֮ǰ㣬вʵ
ɹӷɣµɱȥǰΪһ
ݺᣡ
Ϣ֮
̫潣żɣһɱɣ£ɽһѹ
һȺආɱ˱ǣ
ͨͻȻΪһӰٶʮ
䣡
̫潣ͷŹƣЩȻըҲնɱ
桢ɿҲɱЩɡɣһͷһײǺü̫潣ŵײ⡣
һʱɱһƬ߿ճΪսɹŮһ̫潣ŵɱɱȥ
ۣ
һȭһ̫潣λɵӴ飬ȫδʩչͨڳȭ
һɣҲɱҽŵӣͻȻһɱ
һ죿˼ܲܳһȭڨڨЦ֮һȭɱԷɽâ
ɽݺᣬƶʮɸߣһ㽣Ϊһɽ̫潣Žɻӽһѹɽ׹
ɰȻ棺һСӣɲ裬ǽһҲԻɱ
Сģ
ΧɹһֽɣɽɱʱΧЩɡɡɵӡ
κɡҲ޷ܽɣԽκͨ顣
䣡
ΧԶ棬Ǹ۵ӣһ˳ɱɽ
һȭͷ뽣ɽײײ˲䣬澹δƽɱȭͷ齣ƣɱнɽ
һȭûκͨƣֻȭͷ΢΢ȭưˣ˲佫ɽǰһ
ʮɾ޴ɽڵķѣ֮⣬ɹⷽ󲿷ֵз̫潣Ƿжʮɡɡɵӣûɡ˲
Ǿý֮նɱһɹɵӣԲ޿֡
ۣ
һΪƣ
֪һɣԽͨƴ飿
˵飬ⶼܡ
˺ѣ϶ѪۣѪɽҲ䡣
ҵģͻȻɲӵеٶȣࡣ
ǽ˫ĿһͱһƻԴʬҲ֮С
ã
ɹٵӼնɱɣɡ۵ӣöɡɻ
û뵽۵ӣȻһ
ɣºʱģ
һλɣ⼸Ǳ޵۵ӣ
ʮϵӣɹӢ
ɹϵӾӢ֣Ȼ׳֣ͨ桢ɿ桢ţһʡ֣ȻӲǸӦ
ʦǼ˾ǰҹʦЩ۵ӣ
ϵΧм洫Ӵ
̶ȻһԼĪʮۡŮ
ҲǴһʼʹˡŮʥΪϵӣɹλ֮ߣƿκһˡ
ʦ̶ȴס
ҹʦݼΪ֮Ϊֻһ˲֪⼸˶ִڣŮ¶⣬ԶԶעǰһһ
սܿʮ
ɹ̫潣ɱһսȻսǲпģ
ǵɡɣڻңɹŮӣ̫潣еӽ£棬ɵҲ䲻١
ǰǶűӻʦӻеǰŶΣգЩͨκҪţֻܿԼ
ɡɵӣҲֻܿԼΪ飬ͨȥ̫潣ɱܻ
죡
ʮսɢȥɻգʬ洦ɼ̫潣šɹӽ䲻٣һʧȥ
˫һЩӴɨս
ս̫潣ʮֺһɽɹеҲץʱָ
һô£桢ͨϢǼ˵ûʲô£ҲδĶ٣õһЩɡʬ塣
ಣ
ʱɣˣ
󻹸һλˣ̶
棡̶ȻϤ񣺡ϵҪǣ
ϵӣ
ͨǶܲ졣
淴ƽ̶ټλϵӣ
ԣʦʦãɳһЩʦͽΪµӣû뵽̶ֹƲᵽ¹
ȻϵټǾͱȥ
ɣҲȥиͨϵΪᣬɹ֮һλϵӣƽʱ֪һЩ洫ӣż
ᣡ
ɽ£Ư
֮д඼һЩƶϵӾǲƶЯﶼȥɽյأƶҲʩչΣա


1701 ϵӳ
һ⣬Ůɵأᣬʮͷӡ
Ҳ֪ʦΪͻȻټЩ۵ӣǲмˣȻ洫ӷۡ
󷨣һƶƯڼǰ
һ񹬵ֻ͸΢΢ƷҲﵽʥףԶͨؽ׷
֮У㣬ͨһʮа˾Ǳҩ
ҩ
ϵӣ̫ݳˣƶ֮оȻбҩһϵʱʱ̿
ԼʮɣΪκһˣϵӾں֮С
ʦȻһŮһ⡣
ϵӣ
æȥŮһϮۣ΢΢װ򵥶Ӣһִݡ
ʮ꣬ƤľŮһٿ续üĿ˿һ۾޷ľޡ
ϵӣᣡ

һϷ֮΢΢̶֣Ǽ˲þ
̶ף̶ȥĪ˿
Ȼ̶֪е㲻ˣһ¡
еϴʥǿߵһƺȷǸӻҪ
ʥ
Ѿɽ֮Уǳǰڣ
뿪ɹȥκεطԽһͨǳأһС
ƺϵӣûͷΪѹˣҴӵҹϣо쳣ԽԼϢǷߣֻɹһָ߲֪ȻûϵǼҲǷߣ
ǰҵȵȷǷߣһ̣Գˣ
ǰ
΢΢һͻȻЦ绨һǰκʥǰûһǰǱϹϾȴһڷѾУҲЩ˻٣߸ݴݣ
ɳһıƺ
ǳ⣺ɳǼˣΪ棿
ǣ
Ӧһɽ磬֪ģҲʣɹЩӣܿûнɹԼɣûд㣿
ǿżɽ
ɹͨɣ̫СɹǽӴɽһʵҲҲɳֻеһ̶ȣȻȥͥΪĳЩ飬Ҫȥ죬ԡٰ¶ɹи飬ǳʺ
㲻˵滰
滰
ҿǼǳԱǸѴﵽ죬ʵܿһʥǳȥʮʱ䣬¾ͻȻʧˣҿĹͷйҵӣ
ɳ
ԭΪ¹飡
ϣƽƽ£һ뷲ڶԻ
Ƭ̼䣬ΧҲƺڵȴش
񣺡ɳȥɽ;һλŮˣ½ݣŵ֪ԷڣȰ˵ȥڣ
ֻҪû¾ͺãΪȣڵȷԸ࣬ǵͥһһи÷չ
᲻ûüĿοչ˵˵㣬ɹȻǹʵҲǲģŮΪӲųӣӵȷﲻܻӭҶǶԣǷߣɽȻΣգҲȫǣϵӣҲǣ
ϴ󡭡˼ˣ濴档
û˿ԥ㱧ȭôһ񣺡ɹɽһҲȹСʱڣݸжȻģɳģԺǼһɹǿܻᾭɹΪҪķȥ
Ҳδҵĳԡ
ʱոɹϵӣ޵δ׵ģ¶ţԼߴǲޣıֻܾһΣţҲһȥðգͥǿҲΣգ

ָһâȦ֮󣬽Ϊһ
Ҳδúòڡ
֮صɣҲæѯΪϵӣҪټǼˡ
һ˵Ըһɣȫˡ
֪ܵõˣֻг洫Ӱˣ
¹Ҳδõ
ڣ˽Կʼ氵棺ϴ֣ҲǸ鷳£ԺǿʱʱӦϢ
ϵӣɹģܿҵǷߣĪɹЩ̵ӣͲ֪ⷬټҵȣ˵ɹ߲˼ǷΣֵδڣɹҵڣҲδܸɹͬȻرĪģ
֮أȻף
ͨڽɾ죬̤ʥΪһʥʥ֮УҲŵ֮֡
ȻҪɹһ


1702 ɾ
Լº̫潣һٴηѣɱͨΪȡʬԴһʱɱ˹ȥ
һʮϵԼһɹĿ£ɱ̫潣Ӫ֮У˫ʱûϵͶɱ֮УǼʵݺս޵֡
һ̣Ȼ˫ܾˣ˭ûл
ֻͨһˣõϰٽɡǧʬ壬գ潫ʬɻĿռָɱɣȥϽᡣ
ΪЩԴԣѲ֮ͣͨԴ
öɲһԴɣ
Ψһһ֮У
Ҳ󷨣ͨãŴΧ
ڲʩչöɲ֮󣬻ΪѪˮ״̬ĴѪʼ
ٶίʵֲΪ֮ɽκξͷҲҪ֮Ϊˡ
ʬϽʬ壬ֱӱѪˮ֮УʬѪˮ֮Уʼڻ
鵤ҲϰٿšǧԴԴɣһЩɲݡɹڻڻںһ걦ҩ
˲ιãΪ޷ں˲ιͻƽɣһʬ塢ҩʯҩΪ
ͻƽɣ
ߣԶһĿ꣡
ȴһĿֻ꣬һݣһ֮ңˣ
ͨǽɾˣʥҲֻһ룬ͻƽɣҲδж༤
һз·֮УǵĴǿ־
̫潣ųˣɣ¸ߴңɱʧأ´Ӵһʱڣ˫ս
Ҳ˵˿԰Ȼǰȥء
ɣȥһǬɳǻһЩϢ˱ɣɹ֮УǼһĬĬȥ
꣡
ͨٶȣԽϤİǾǴرԵɽ磬̶ͨʶɽпᣬ̶ȥɹ
ˣ
֮ǰǲǵɣɽ֮Уͨһֻ桢ﶼԶԸ˵ɽκһʶȡ
ΪСģ
ֽһʵԴﵽɣɽ֮УɴٴΧǰսľ
ΧаɽϢһӣ
沢δһ̤أ뵽бǿ߶ǽʵһߡ
صǿߣȻвʥǿߣɻʲô
֮У
ͨоʱͻʥòҥȥӦ˶С
ͨӦˣûд˲ιýʬ塢鵤ϳɾ۷壬ѳԽ󲿷ֽٶȣƻҪһʱͷŸƣһ죡
Ѫ˲ιȻأϡ٣ʼԴͻʥΪأ˰ɣԺǻõ౦ͨ᲻˲ι
ɲ˲ιʮͻʥ˲ιͻƣ߲Ҳ̫󣬵˷˲ιҩ
᲻ã
ŪЦãһ߼
ӻֲмʲôʱˣóԾͳԣԴԺУͻʥǲпܴصõõı
֡
ͨ˫
һâΪȦӿ˲ι

һ磬ѪȦ֮У˲ιʼתоȻһâ
ñǿǸ߼˲ι
ɿ桢ţǾһĽͨ˲ιҩ
ǿֱɣ
ˣ˲ιǰꡢǧꡢ˲ιӦʮֲ꣬˲ιʥɣҲİɿˮˡ
Ҳǲܰһˣһɽõ
һֻ鵤ʬ壡
Ҳóɾ죬˰ɣ
ͻһȦȻڷŴһȦâȦ֮з񱬷
꣡
û뵽ǣâ֮һ˿ֲͷȻһƤһѪ˿ͻɢΧ
žѪڣһѪǣƵġ
ɾ졭
˫ͫüöѪѣ
Ȼϯȫͻһһ𵴣ʹ쳣Ǽסˡ
ȫûкһ䣬ĬĬţ
һ飬һ֮ˣһ̵֮ʣϽɱҩɡѪԼڵطھϴؾ
Ÿոͻƣôɶӵеĸ߼ȫ
Ӱ첻۷ɱ䣬̤һ磬ӴҲǰ벽ɣ
Ѫ̫ˣѾдɾ磬ӵнͻƽȻס
ܻɱʥʥҲͬͨɣӵʥͻʥҲ࣡
ԶͨϧҪһʱ䣬ͻʥ


1703 ̤С
֮
ϰ⣬㷢·ոԡˬо
ɾ죡
̤磬ȻĪ仯΢΢ͷϢΧӱӿ
ͷŸӦӦܸǽģܸӦ⶯
鿴ڱ仯϶һز֮ѪѪɱһЩѪʱʱ̿ڷţһҲһɸԪ
֮ԪһְɫȻ̫ŨңҲΪԡ
ӡҲһְɫ󣡡
˫ƣܿ㣡
ǰǻɫΪһ˿˿ɫ󣬸оΪһڻ֮ϵ
ˣͨԪǿˣԪҲΪ߼̤ɾȻһǳɣ̤ɣұԾţݺͨ磬ʥ⣬޵֣
һͻƽˣ
ͨͻȻ˵ˣҸоͿҪͻʥҪըһǵҸطȫҲаͻʥ
У
ϽԴɿʥһУ
Ҳֻɿ֪ʥ֪ܡ
ͻʥһױȵĴ٣
ɿһڣʹ֮ɫͨʥɽһݣҲ֮ΪͷĴڣͻƽѷǳףҪӽ̤ʥʥȻޱȿֲ
𣿹ֲ˲ιҲоһֺܴĳطͨ˹
ʥֲ̫ˣ֮ΪǿĴ٣ҪɽȻҪг׼ɽЩǿߣɽȻỨܶ꣬ȥѰһأӵĵطȻ׼Ʒʯ취̳Ҫ˲ιԴڻָ
ɿֿ棺ȻҲҪûˣӽɶɽ̤ʥǲ÷ģԷҲǳҪҪɽ٣һر֮أƷʯΪɽٷ̳ɽپһЩ
ǾʹѰ֮ؿʼ
ôֹͣ
һӦ룡
ͷŸӦںϱһ̣Ӧ
ע룡
ͨҥӴӳӦ֮С
һӦʹﵽͨɸ߶ȣͨӴӳֽһ˲䣬˸Ӧʹﵽλɡ
λɸӦô
˲俴ʮʮʮ֮⣡
Ȼģشﵽ֮⣬ڰ֮УģϡظӦ֮Ϣڡ
ˣǸӦ֮ڣ࣬ûر֮ʱЩʧ
ӳСǧʹӦԽ֮⣡
Сǧ
ѹֶΣɽΣգΟڰǿ׷ɱҲδСǧ
ĻͨԪΧգһϢӳں֮С
û뵽桢Ӧģ˲俪ʼ͸ȥ
ָӦ״̬£һƬڰʲôǻҺɫģֺǻɫɽƺڻɫˮǺɫġ
ǡ
Ӧ״̬һƬڰ֮У涸Ȼ
ҲһϲӦ֮УǰոսΧʮһĺ
ƬһطǺڻɫںڰӦ֮УȻһɫһ˿˿棡
ǾǳγɵȻ
Ȼһر֮أҵˣȥûйȫ߶Ӧ
Ƕԣÿһδ߶СǧǼģָܻ
ָ·ķ˹ȥ
¹ͽʪյ֮УʪȻΧһֺڳУ񱩷꼴Ϯ
ʪγһɼʬǣһ޴㣬Ӧˮа֪ʲôɱ׹洦ɼ
ʮͣ
ǰһҴ뻹һСΧ֮ǰӦλҵ
С￴׹ǳˮУһЩ˿ˮ¶Ǹְ׹ǣࡢ
ҿһһ
ɿѵ˵ģκ֮أͨǿռţô׹˵Ӧһֿ´ڣ
һ΢Сͷųһ˿˿֡
ͳͳͷŸӦһ㿿С
Сʱŵҡ
СɲͨС׹Ƕѻɡ
׹ںһ𣬲֪ѷŶٰ׹ǣΪ׹̫࣬ף԰׹ǶںܶʹгһƬɭ֡
̫ˣ
ʬ塭
׹ǵϣ֮󣬾ͷһɰɫʯǹ졣
ʯһͷͷܶľ׹ǣ󣬰׹ǳ˻ʯڵϳ˯
һۼ֮أײУִҲ١ɿҲɷٶȡ
ǰԶر棬һС·ӿд֣ɱ˱ǣ
Ҳĳ֣֮ô׼֣


1704 ˫
ǰףС룬Ҳһͬ棬׹֮УſһԴΧһЩʬ壬Ӧñɱ
һͷ
ֻڵţǿƣŪɿ͸һɭɭЦݡ
ţƣ
мֺµţ֣Ƕɿˣ
׼桢ͨڷɣ
ɱ
һǿͷɱͻȻһһ޽֮⣬նȥ
䣡
ͨǶǿɱơ
ɱþһֲûӳһƺ˾Сʱ췭ظ
࡭
û뵽һȻ˵ˣ
һͿը֮󣬶ٹƬɡ
ҫʧȥһ֮ͫԾţ¶һͷͷͷһɶ೤ӻڹǶ֮С
û˵һ֣һ
ԭھͷûһ˺ۣǼȫһƤҲδ˵һ˿˿
رͨɾΪн۷ʵȻǿʵҲ˲
ϴ⡢ʥʵʥҲһЩ˺۰ɣ濴ˡ
Īģʵ˲ǻзһͷô׹ǣһǷǳĴ
˵ˣ࣬һǲаǣȷбȡͿмʵ
ħȦ
ţͻȻһħɷ֮Ǿɱȥ
һĻ̫ˡ
ħȦɱſ죬Ǽݺһ¡һȻħȦ˻ȥ
䣡
ţȻոץסħȦҪɱû뵽ץסħȦ֪ұһͲŻѪ
ͨ۾һݣ
ұҶ
ʱ˿̣ͨ򽻵̶ȣһӱɱޱȡ
ˣѰһطͻƣͨʱҲܲùġ
ȴȻһЦҵ
࣬Ҫ͹ͷ
ȥ
渧䣬һɳ
ҧ㣡һھΪ˴С˲䣬ſҧ
䣡
ܽħȦĴڣƾݣԽؽɱﵽʥɱ߶ȡ
һ㷨Ȼκβ

˼ھϣͻȻǱ໲ҽУæɿ죬ʹֻҡͷԴ
ٿһҲûУȻƯ
Ͷˣ¶ΥЦݡ
ã
ҲǴܹ裬ţ˴ȻҪһسӡ
û뵽һ࣬Ȼ˲ǡͻȻԴԱ׹һɨ

һƬ׹ǿɽɱȻҲž
ͻȻٴλûͨ˸ߣΪʮɶ󣬼ʱм䡣
ֹͷ¡¡о񣬺ٴۻâʼûкһ㣬Ҳû˿
ҡͷһ˦׹ɱһƬ׹ǱǱǿƵס
ŭ˱
һκβˡ
Ǿ
ȻһʼӰ׹֮˳
ʱӶ˳
ԭȾ˽ʮ˳ӾβͣȻһͷ­
һͷ˫ͷ
ĪǴ֮е˫ޣɿ󾪺һ
֪˺֮࣬Ҳæ֪һͷġ
ɿҲһأϹһֺڰԺڰ磬ŴϹйʱһδսֺ֮ڰѾͥˣû뵽ػǴڣ
˫ޣ
Ǻڰﰡ
󣬲ŸоΪξǿ˹
ԺڰԶŴ󲻷ݺⷽɽ
һɲǣ˫ͻȻߣʮ壬͸һɺڰֿµ
ӵ³ǿԴç˵ұþó֣彫ǺڰһϾɱҺڰһ˹ֻܶںڰ֮УҪԹ壬ǵĹǺ
Сġ
һɳͷҵģ
񣡡
һԾʮɾ˼ͷüͷ罣¡𣺡쿴ѹ
ǲɱ޷Ԧҳϲ֣Ҳκβң˵ꡣ
ડણ
зһߣ˫޲ٹ޼ɶǰ壬һԴҧʱ߸Ծ
ĺãһ̣ʲôɣһʥҲͷ˫޵Ķ֡
ȴ֮žģֺĬĬ˵ʲô
ֱӷһȭ˫Ѫ졣
أ
һȭ˫޷ơֶ˫޼ͬʱһ
໡
һҽУʹ˫ҡͷ
ԭһȭ̫ˣȻûлɱ˫ޣȴóѪɵˡ
ɿȻں󷽰ףðһ仰ˣɻǵú塢٨塢Щǿٶ˫ּɵģһżʵӲѴﵽʥɱ߶ȣǺöóȥֵǮ


1705 δ֪в
˫һȻͻһɶҺ
꣡
һƺɨͽҺ뿪һץջΪȭͷ˳ƺȥ
˫ֻܱ죬ϣ첿ӭͷ
һһξȭͷռϷ磬˫ͻڰһ˦˺ѡ

Ǿȭͷһأ߶ǹ

ͻϮȻ治˫޴ϢᣬһŴ·߳
û뵽һţ˫߷˹ڿüȦպݺڵϣСںȻ𶯡

һӾ˼ͷڿգһָһӳһɱָ֮˫Դ
˫ǱԴһǿֵסһƣͻȻأȭҲɱϡ
һȦ˵˫ޣԴͬʱҽУȻҲðѪ
ε˵ãԹʱʥˣ滹ûһġ
ʥͨзӦ䣬Ҳκβʥ
˫޾ͲһˣȻʥֻһӲӲⲻ
ҷˣҷˣ
ͻȻִ߶񣬳ûɱȥû뵽˫޾Ȼڣѹġ
ˣ
Ҷû뵽˫޾ƢһҪ䣬һǳԲÿġ
ߣҲãҪɱ˫޻Ҫһӣ
䣬һȣ뿪˵أԽԶԽãһһȡС
ǡ˫޺ߡ
ȵȣ
ֱֹ˫һǷִ˵棬Χ˵˵˵ǲʲô
ʵҡͷҡ֪
ʵǿɲŹ㣡ͨҲϹ
˵˵治֪ʲôһֱ·ӿһЩҾͰռһֱӴǿ󣡡æش

涶ȥ
˫зһͨٶСûˮٶ̫첻٣ʧǰ
ɿźϧɱһǱ
Ҵ߶ֻһҪɱҲҪܾ˴ۣŪô󶯾ҲΣգ˵꣬أ
ǰ֮У¶һһɶ׹ǶӣҲ֮ǰ˫Դĵط
ǽԴ׹Ƕ֮Уȡ
׹ǶһҰɫֻܿ׹ǣʲô
桢ţСţͨɿȥɱ
ͨһ׹Ƕӣ
ɿΪӲ󣬸պһңֻһٶȻǰС
뼸֮ͨͷһǣ·ܿȻǰ׹ǡ
ʮʮȴһɻ󣺡Ϊ֮Уһ˵ĹŹϢ
ˣ̫ģʲô⣬˳ȻҲǱɿǳڴš
Ҳǣ
ȥ˶û뵽ǣһȥûеͷҲʮ
ǧʱѴﵽٱ£˺һڣо嶼챻ڻ

һ̾籩·׹ǶӾз籩Ҳ֪Ϊӵ˾
ü˼˫ۣɿͻȻһɽɫ濴·ͷһڰռ䣬ƺӾͷһͥʱա
ֶһۣ˲ĽΧ׹Ƕʯ̺ವƿ˲ںĵؿ߿ռ䡣
һؿߴͷһ⣬ϢɿգâΪɫ棬ϢԽǿ
ͨգҲϽΧ￰һԴɽ٣һܾ졢˳ӽ̤ʥ
꣡
Ȼɿϱ
ΪʲôΣձƽһԭɿƤϳһЩɫơ
ɫƾĳӡǣոճ֣ͷЩɫӡǳһҷգⲻҪЩɫ֮УȻſֲɿ
״̬ɿҷҷ
ŵͨæֹͣΧ澪ֿɿҪƹסͷٶȸ졣
Щ뿪֮ڰؿӿȥ·δ֪ٻ
ˡɿʶϴܣҲδΣգ汼
ˣ
ͨҲͻȻֱۣ죬ҲһЩơ
漱æǼѹ
ɿŵɪɪУˣѾȫѹɺϧһôûУⶴ֮Уĳ޷⣡
뿪
Ҫˣ
ʲô
Żɿͨߡ
꣡
֪
һ죬̫Ҳ˫ͷţһһ˫ֱҲһЩơ


1706 ƻ
ΪҲס
ɿͨǴγɺƣȴûдհ
˸Ͻ붴ٶ룡
Ȼ
ͨɿϺȻͷֻǱ֮ǰ΢΢һЩϢʧ˷·һȦƵģ˲
ҲԼϺƶһЩȻҲһЩϢź͸һ͸˳

Ϧ˷ɳ׹Ƕڣ
ˣ桢ţִΧ
һֹסţ֣ϣ
Ҳ̫ʲôǱסΪȻϺƣΪ뿪ߣɺڣ
Ҳǣˣ
ͨҲмƣһֽɵֽˣƺҷա
ɿ԰׶ûǰǹɴƣʧ俴棺һǶ֮Уĳڴ֮еһմȾϣԶ޷ѣǿ߶ԪԶ޷ˣ
䣡
ʶ뵽Ӵǵӡǣ
ô죿ɿƺ֪ͨһͷˮʵ
Ǽ̫С޷ѹ̫ǿҲεģ޷ѣǿΪϴ衣ɿҲûٰ취
ͨţأ
ɿһӣһ˫˫Ŀ⻺ڣһ취ȥڰռ俴֮ԴʲôҲԴҵƽ취
ȥ
˵ͨҲ㾪úһ

֪
ΧһȴӺ󷽰ֺ֮УͻȻһѪɱ
𣡡
һӦƯը
Сģ˲仯Ϊ͵ϮҲʮɱ걳
ըûһУϡ仹ܿ׹Ѫ
֪˰ɣаӺ֮ǰ˫ޡ
û°ɣ
ɢ䣬մ漲
ֻ汾𲻶Ѫ걳û£ҲˣϾǱʥĹ͵Ϯ
ͨɿ󡢺ţִ·֣˿쿴˫ϡ
ɱк֮תŭһɨ˫ޣȴһ죬ԭ˫ϾҲŲٺơ
ϺƸ࣬ͨɿʮֻмð⡣
Ȼ򣺡ԭҲ֪⣬ߣǽȥȾ֮
˫޽ƻޱȣϱƽ˭ǾһȺ꣬һֱֻܿⷽðЩˣɱǣԵǲܻǼϾҪΪвͣ
ǳͽѹˣһһӭ˫ޡ
޹Ȼֶ֪Σ˴ſ

Сɳ˲ûɣһɱĳͽĵ顢ͬڿѿ徢Ҳ˲ɱκνɡ
ʥС޼᲻ݣƷʾˣͱüҧ顣
أ
Сһ̱첿ס
һԴžһײС񣬾СײһɶԶ
΢΢һֻЦһ֮ǰδʩչȫ
֪޷ҧ飬Ǿ취Ըǣǽȥ·ԨմȾܷǣƻޱȡ
̴ˣҲôҵ⣡üԶԵ˲䣬·Χһжˡ
ʱˣСӻ˵ʲô󻰣޷ѹ񣬵ҲȥǺڰᣬλʥҲκβң
ʥΣ
С̫ˣʥУ
ҵģ
һɣŷ𣿡
˫ַ
СɱԴͷݺݳССܿ
֮ǰ̹Сô
ಣ
С˫ɱѽѷ֮ʣͨ桢ɿţҲӶ
óɱȥȻ˫˵ֻһƤվ
ͻȻʩչ֮һһ֮Уɱӹ

˵ʱʱ죬Ӷֱ˲䣬ͬһٳ
һâڼоҲԴʱϢϷȻֻһѪ䡣
âһ֮˫޲½߳пڡ
ѪӽڷӿâٳߣԴ
ء
õһҽУ
ؼʱɽ޼᲻ݣʥΣǵסɽһ
渧ɽһԸֶΡ
Ȼɹˣ
ӵõɽһ̣ͶԱģκˣκʣҲвһ֮
žણ
˫ںˣҴ
ȻҲ
תߣɴҶŹɱ׷ɱȥСһ̻ΪʮɣС·һҲ¡

һ̤˫޷Ѿˣ
¡¡
Сھһ֮£ʼضɽҡСκδ˲Ϊƽء


1707 ֮
԰׷ɱڶž˽£һҪˣ
˺һЩ˫ڵϰ׹֮ʹţƤѿ٣ڴѪ
ֱ˸סͻȻߺ䣬䣡
ɱ֣Ҷͣվھ˼򣺡ҷŹҲԣϾҪɱ㣬ҲҪѹ򣡡
һ˿Ҵˣԣ
Ҫǣ·ڰռ䶫ʲôʵҾʰ㣡侲غȵ
˵˵ܶǰǰʱ뼸ͷͬصεɱͨɡͼΧڰԨĳһ漸ȥԨҪɱЩˣȴһС
æͬûɱһԵɳȥ֮Ͼͳֺƣðڰĳֿɣ˳ϽֲַӶԶһֱ֮ɢû취ֻҴ𰸣ֺڰԨʲô
ʲôͨҶơ
СȥֶǸʬ壬Ȼһɫֲݣǳ󣬶м侹Ȼһߣںһ壬ݾߣ߾ǲݣ߲ͷΧ
߲ݣ
߱ݰֲ߻ǲݣǲݶһߣ
Īḁ̇̄ݣ
ͻȻðһ仰
̥ݣ
һߣƲݵֲʵһݣżȻ̣ںһճΪ̥ݣ
֮ǵϤΪΪʦԪʱһݣ
ڷ֮УǾĴڣ̥ݿֻлܵ
Ҫʱ˺ͣһ̥ݷǳ
˫ҡͷԣҲ֪ʲôݣ֮ǽ߲ݣ
С쿴棺ˣ̥ݰڷ磬ǵõǱģ
̥ݲ٣Ϊһ̥ݻ̫ˣһͷˮ
ͬ巢߲֮һֱҳ취ֹڼҲкܶ½ͳͳֹʥ֣ʥǲŵ֪ǷֳԵˣܶԿģЩͬ彥ˣһΪЩ׹кܶһ֣ɵģûа취ҲЩˣ޷ڣǰ˫͡
߲ɻܣһֱûзʲôʵ
ֻǴǰʶҡҡͷ
Ǿ͡
ͻȻһЦ
ಣ
û뵽ڶɳڵһס˫޵˲䣬һ˫ޡ
һ࣬Զţ˫޾ϧҲ޼£ڶĵڵϷ
һҲһ̤ϣ˫һ̳Ϊ
滹⿴棬ȻҪΪ
ãҶڿ֣ûһ֮ġ
㵽ʱ֮Ҳ֪Űãûвҽ֮ջ
˫޼Ϊһ⣬ʬΧݡȡߡ
һ飬ʥĴ飬ʬ֮ȡ
һ˫꾫ʥ濴ͨҪͻʥֶһְգ
лˣԴӴ֮վʥ±Ȼͻʥͨһʱʲô˼
飡
̰ͨ飬桢ɿţҲһһڴ
ʥ鰡
ԾаǾǴʥһųΪʥĴʥһҲܳΪʥ
ܲ
ø֮У׹Ƕڣ濴ңȥһˣ˫֮ǰǷ󲿷ֶģһմȾ뿪Ҳ޷ѣȥ
ǰḁ̊́ݣ˵ǵõ֮ϴɡ뵽һȥˡ
ʵҶõ̥ݣ
ಣ
һһ׹Ƕӣ
ʮϢٴڰ磬һξ桢ţһȴĪ
˽ںڰռգͷһǣжٰ׹ǡ
һڰӰӰڰ׹֮ϣͨͷһɻǣڸ߿ձ֮ǰǺڰֵĶüһʱ侭ס˺һ
Ǻڰ֮оȻһߣ·ӵ壬Ҫһ㣬Ϸһʮɶྪˡ
ɿţͬ𺳵桢ͨġ˾޴̥ݣ
浹һںǰһסڷõ̥ݣҲû˾޴ҲЩһ
ϺƸˣͨעŲˣ˫쿪ԭ˫۶Ǻƣ֮ǰһ
ҲӺ֮УԸٶð


1708 ڰ֮ػٵĴ˵
Сġ
û·ˣ
Ͷһɫɿͨһ㿿
һڼ߲ݱ
ʮɸߣ׹֮ϣѾ̥ͨӣһô룬뾹Ȼ԰׹ǣ·հ׹Ǿų㡣
һγź嫹̫ˣµȷ죬ɴ͸һɳԼϢ
ƺ̥ݡϸ󣬾ͷ̥ݡ
ͨȴɻ㿴Ǵ֮룬ȷ·һںУⲻ̥ݣʲô
ɿܿôֻɿ
ȷЩ̥ݣҲûڹżϣɽڹż̫ˣûȫȻ֪ʲô⣡ɿҲͦεġ

ûһ֪

һˣǾ
߶սףһһʶƤ΢΢ͷš
Ҳˣɣ㲻úȭͫһǿΪ֮Ϊ飬˭һﶼȥã
ͿҵȻûǣֻһͷ⣬ҿǰʲô
͸Զ
Ϣֻ֮һ⾪ô⣿
֪ʱüɫ衣
Ҳ̫϶Ϊⶫ
ʱҲΪìܣƬֵ̣ϣ⣬ǵĻֻ˵̫֮ˡ
ʲôɰͰ
Ҹˣɱڰ֮УԸڰʱҲ֣һ˵һԽԶʱ񻰡
һ񻰣
˵ԶŻʱδػֻһƬ磬Ǻӡ涼һƬʱԼҲųֲãʱԶǿĿһ籩Ȼ˻磬ɷ籩ϯʱգ綼Եֵ
޵ƣһ߾˵Ǵλ籩ܾ֮󣬸Ҳǿվڻ֮۵Ĵڣ࿪һǺӡռʱڰ壬Щ֮Уһúڰ֣κһ֮Ϊڰ֮ԶŴֶԸŸۣŽڰ֮նɱ֮һЩӵкڰֲֵ֣òɰġػ١žǡڰ֮Ƭȷɣ
籩
ڰ֮
ػ٣
׵Ĵڡ
ͷкϵ
һϹЩڰȷɵģ㻹δӦڰΪȷڼ䣬ѾܵʵǺڰ֮Уͬһڵаڰ
Ǻڰ
ں鷳û뵽ϹҲ޷϶Ϲźڰȷ壬ɺڰַǳƣǺڰ˵㣬ߣԼԶŴܣԻ⣡
ûˣ
ԣûܶԸɺڰ䣬һӣʱʱ̿㿴˰ɣɢȻǲûˣ֪Ҳ˵ףˣûκǿ޵еģܿԵ֮鷳ˣÿԼȥ⣡
˵ҲΣ޵ʧȥ
ʱҶһ޿ģǻΪֻڲޱΣգ˭뵽ԼôЦΧ˿ºڰ䡣
侲ڼʱ䣬ͽһգ氲ͨɿ
֮һʶ
ֻ֣֮һͨǰ㣬һ֡
ǶĿǰһְο
һǰͷſͨϸϸӦܸܿºаԼڲ̺ĳԼ
ˣ㿴ǽ£·棬һʯ
ͨ˷֡
Աߣԭպûа׹ǣû£ܿʯ͸žٸӦһ̺һֿʯ
ٿ·һʯ
ɿһʱףȷһʯֲܳ㾪ˣ˳棬ԭ⴦Ϸ
ֵͼҲ֪ѡһˮͨĿɿڴͱָռˡ
ɿΪֺµû֣ˣϺֶһЩȥҲֻ˫ǰ㣬նɱֵܵġ
Ƕ
תʱ
ɿͨҲˣ
̬ܷԼðǹա
ҲںֻǺѣÿһκΧԼ


1709 Զ
ȻУ˵̥ݣˣ·̥ݳ֮ģ
ϸϸӦţ
Ȼ䣬ľһڹžһֱϵ
ϺƶһЩٿԼ֪֮УӦ֮оϢɶ
ȻȻҳɳδȻǳǵȴڵĿ֡
ͻȻðһ仰ɿ󡭡ûˣģ
ȻУֻҪȥɱҩȻԣˣ㡭ɿͻȻһ
˵
߹֣˿£Ƕ޷ѹ˵ҽΪǺڰǷһҲ͵ҵʱҾƣΪǻڰ
⡢⵱ȻɡУʶ㲩ɿⷬ뷨Ѿ׽Ϊˡ
ˣҪΪ
ͨҲһԣһ֮󣬷·ץסݣ㣬Ȼ֣ܿʱڰƣ
֮ǰһ飬˵ãȲǰʶڰһǧҲв
֮ǰ취գ߲Ԫֻͨ󣬽һɸɾ
ЩֶҶˣȺڰܻ⣬Ǿٵ̫ϧˣܺúãȻܷӳ
Ҿ뵽÷Ը֮֮ǰɽǵõ̥ԪʯҲ̥Ԫʯ֣֪ʹãֱҲŽһϵõ̥ԪʯΪҷ𣿡
һ̣Ҳԣ
Լ뷨߸ͨɿ
Խãգ˿ºڰʥް취ԣ˵һ
һǰδеĻ
ˣڰ̫죬Ҫ취𣿡û뵽ɿһ̣Ϊġ
취ʱûУһֱӵзȻ̥ԪʯˣұҲУɾ죬ӵнʵӦò⣬Ҿˣ
ɿͲ˵ʲôˡ
ͨҪӵнһʵָΪ󣡡
˵Ͷͨúüƻţ
ɿʼжˣʼΧã׹ǶŲ
ͨóƷʯΧ׼ô󣬶Χɽ֦ͨҶƿء
ˣʲôΣգҶ޷ǻ˫ǿʥֻҪһЩʥа˳ɿܣΪ
æµ֮ͨΧ´ƷʯԼɷ͵һ£
Ϊһ飬Ǿ˫飡
ǿʥ
ȻУһʩչ컯־ȻУӦ˵
֮е棬һֱ
ͨʼ󣬶һ֮£֮š
ˣ
ʮΧγɣһ߹һס
һâһںϴ󣬺ܿͱö컯ںϡ

ڲһϢںһ㣬΢΢һץӡһϢ
ӡϢУȻΪһɺɫӡ֮УڰҲҪʴӡ
ӡ΢΢ͷųһ󣬾ͽаУˣ
˲оڳһɺɲǼ䣬ֱЩ΢΢ƣ࣬һѹԺ
ɿͨڴ֮⣬æѣһϢڰ˸߶ȣˣҪİ
ҲӦ취
ֻһϢ͸˱仯أ
˼ãͻȻӳұۣ֮ΪһƬѪˮ
һѪˮұ۰룬֮󣬻Ϊһ棡
ҲǷķֻǽһְˣûʶֻ
ѪƯϷ֮ǰͣ߶ʼΧ
ȻֺܶƣΪһѪˮʵʩչöɲ״̬ˡ
ΪѪˮ֮һѪˮ߹ԱߣƤӴ֮汾Աߣʩչɽһӡ
ѪˮӴû뵽ӿ֮УȻһɺѪѪˮʼɺѪ
꣡
һ໥ʼɣһڿˡ
ѪͲ޷һѪ
Ѫ
ܵѪˮЩ鷳ʩչһѪѪˮʼ
һ̣˫ӦΪ߶Ѫһӡֿʼͷŵ⡣
ЩѪʼɸѪ֮һֻֻѪҲҷգ޷Ҫһ㡣


1710 ʥڵ
֮У˫ӡҲһڤڤ֮мӳһֻֻѪС
ڣѪɹаɶľ֮С
ںһںϣܿѪˮͻָͨٶ߹ɫаҺ
֪ȥһ£
òеջɿ⴫ˣ˼ƷһѪȥںϣҪѪ֮УһѪ⣬ݵӴ
ҿɣſʼԭҲѪԿڰѪ̺츳ԾκýڰƣһͿԳסٶ̫ҪӴ
ǳɹģ
֮ǰѪܿ⡢а
ˣ
ʩչѪҲǴѪǿѪѪӵҲһѪڰ
֮Ĵںϣ
ǳɹٶȻǺΪֻʵ֮ﵽʥ߶ȡ
ץ̥ԪʯԼطھ󱦱֮С
ʯڣ̥ԪʯϴҲӵгԽʥǰһ˿˿ôһ˿˿ܰںϡ
طھ̺ؾ·ںϣ÷ӵԴ
ɽ֮Уջһһһ˽ӦӷͷųʯϢ̫ˣǿʥı
飡
ץһŴ飬Ҳ˫ڵ
ʥ֮߹
ˣͨһҲٵ߹ִĺڰʴ
滺߶㣬䣬˫֮ӡӡǷ·һ㣬͸ɫâ
ͨҲʩչ컯һͬںϣһӵнɾ˫ӡһ˲ӿâںһ𣬻ΪһɫС
⻹ӵӡһȫ߶ʡ
ӡں϶ɵİУǡڵܿʹ͸һڰϢ֮ǰʥ
ڰϢںϣһһȦȦ䣬̫Ӵ󣬽ںϽɾİУòϰ룬񰵽оҪ
ҾͲţ㣬˾ֶΣ޷һʥ
ȫ߶˫ӡ
һɰȦɲӳǿҪİ֮ϡ
вϼתһҪĤˣʥѹƣ󣬰һ
ڵʥһ㱻ɡ
ͨ۵˫ֳסƣΪӵнɾΪӵʥʵû뵽֣Բײźʥڵ
ҲСʥֶΣû뵽ȻҲкڰԵʣǲ˷нΪǽһ죬ҪڵҲ࣡滺ӡԿڰ֮УɶڵðиΪ¡
з·Ǿ췢ŭԽʥڵӡҲѹ
ʥ߶ڵڽɣʮʮٱ
Խͨʵͨ۷ʵͨǿܴﵽʥ
ˣ
˶ˣʥǿѳɰٱ
籩ǿѹʥڵȻףϵӣΪθ߸ϣ·һɸ£
һ꣡
ʮ꣡
һ˼۷״̬ͨɡѹʥڵʱ·ŵ
ʮͨ˫ֺʮ
ʥڵӡ籩ɣڲиǰ㿦
֪籩ʥڶôΣ״̬һ籩ɢɳ徢˲桢ͨնɱ
ʥ֮
ɴ鵤ԼɡѪ״̬¿ͨһܸ㶨һʥʼɾ۷壬ʥҲܰطھ
ͨԾкڰ޷ӽͻʥ
ȳɾ۷壬ҷǿɹȰ㻯ڰ䣬ʱ˲ͻʥҲƷβ֪кڰӳ֣ͻơ
ͨȥΧʼ۷壡
ɿΧӦ桢ţص棬
ӡܿӰ籩֮Уһ˿˿ʥͨ÷ںϲ٣
Ҳñһ˿˿ʥû뵽֮ʥȫѹκ


1711 
ֻһ˿˿ٶһЩʥֻм˿ô࣬Ҳܽ顣
£
ʥ̫ˣͨΪɽһ̣ҲҲȲʥ˿ֲ
һδγںϣǿסһʥֿʼӳ֮ϣ÷Ҳһʥ
ΪѪˮ״̬Ǳ𣬵ѪˮʥұըҲʲôֻһѪ⣬ֲǱ飬Աû˿Ӱ졣
һʥƿأʥӳ֮УϷڲһ˿˿ʥٴδ߶ΧѪѪٶΪٶѪˮ״̬Ѫˮ΢΢һЩڰɫ
̥ԪʯطھҲͷ
һ
зǳҪһ㣬Ǿʯ
̥Ԫʯѱ֮һطھӵдؾǳԽɡʥı
ӵõ󱦱δһ˿˿Ϊ޷
˵ͨҲδܺطھ
һ̾ͲͬˣʥԦʯ
ڣѪɫѪˮʯƯУͷϵػУʯѪˮ֮У֨֨Ǳ䣬ʱʱһǴܲ
һʥڵӳһֺʯѽо
ʮ꣡
ʮ꣡
ʮ꣡
ʮ꣡
Ҵδоʱô졭
֮УһֱϽӡһ
ʱ䣬û뵽ӿʼѰ꣡
ָ꣬Ҫ֪ӷɽҲͲ꣬ɽ缸ﵽ꣡
ѽ֮һ
һοǰ
ûʲô仯Ȼͬ
ȻѪˮ״ֻ̬һѪΪںɫɫһģһ
Ϊµǣдƣ桢ͨɿһһģϺƶ򱶡
ٶȱȰǰ߰ٱҲûκβʡ
ջҲĺܶྫʥڵղٵԵʣԼӦʥʩչʥԦ
ǿܼԦ
ƻҪʱ䡭
չе˷ܣٴοʱһ˿ģֻǴûоڰаϣвҪʲôʣ
Ϊܾ콫Ϊֻһζ
֮Уûܾа벻ûоȥ
Ϊߣޣ
ֻϣһж˳С
һͿԿʼʽȷһɣȥʣһˣʱǷɵʱ򣡡
ٸӦΧ״
ϲطͨѾﵽ۷壬һյطھ˲ιҲһ
˵ûкڰʮǰͻƣڱڰֻܵȴ潫ѹ
Ҫ컯ͨ
ɿΧһжʱʱҲɸԴ
ڵϵ桢ţֶԴʵڻʵλɸ߶ȣﵽɰ¡
ֻʵֻнһ쵽죡
ֹȥʮ꣡
ɿһ渽ˣ
챻һ롭
˫ۣɿһǰ
ҲǼɴСʮɣѪɫҺ״̬Ȼﵽɡ
һƬɫƲǰƯӿһɹɺڰ糤ޣڲ趯ѳΪ
ƷҼƻŲȽ߹ȫɣƷһ룬ƳɷٽʣɣĻһɣܳΪͨ
ҲУ⣡ɿû¡
ʵƷҪעЩ棿
кܶ಻ͬʽˣȥնɱһЩʳڵߣ÷壬ﵽһ߶ȣǿͷһԪᣬ
Ҳ鱦ʣѪںϣƳΪ壬پԪںϣ
ˣʣ¾ǿжᣬͷеǿʺԼֱôͨԪǳףʥҲ
˴ͬѪΪ壬ַʽ٣һҪںϣѪںϣַʽڹżҲмأϹŵ񣬺Ϊ̫鷳
һҲѡȥᡢһֲ󲿷˶ѡѪ⣬˵ѳɹһ֣Ѫ˳õ̥ԪʯϣʩչöɲѪ˾޴аɫѪˮΪ塣
ɹһᣬ˾ҪȫԪ񣬰ȥӳϣһԪںϣɹ޵÷
һѽ棬ɿ渵


1712 аѪ
ˣ̾оҲ̫ѣ
ô᲻ѣֻڣѵƷ֮ǰЩ׼ҲͨܳɹԦʥʥƷԼںϵ̥ԪʯطھЩǼܵģȻȴģ
Ҳԣ
Ȼصͷ֮ǰôżԦʥڵᵽġ
ټֲãҾѪ壬С֮󣬾ܳΪͨڰ
ɹˣ
ƺѾɹżǰ
һȥܳɹԼһɣȻһﵽʥ߶Ϊ
Ϳ񼣣
ȫ߶ӡ˫֮зһɹϢһȦȦâǲͷųȥ
籩ӡӳ£Ȼ̺籩ʥڵ
ȥ˫ŴڵҲֻǱһˣһʥ̤ͨ۷壬ʱԶɽ٣ҲɹԦ
ʥ̫ˣ
޵ý𵤣һɣԭѾɽ֮еǿߣɲ衣
ȻʥȽɸΪ
ͨû棬ûУһɢ޵Ļ¿źڰħҲ꣬ʹһɣƽʥһ˵컯
컯Ҳǻ
ʥӡ£ֱӳѪٶԽˡ
ССھ޴ǰٶȻ죡
ԼǶʮ
ﵽɣϷаڰ棬һڰƣ·߹ֲִ趯š
ˣ
ͻȻվ
ɿͨҲΧɹʮɺ

һŷȥϺڰѪˮһٶȲ̫졣
ǰʱڰѪˮͣ
̫ͨˣˣѾһ˰ɣаоǳỹ£ɹƳΪˣӵʥˣ
ܰ漣ǸˣҲ޷ֵزɿҲֱ̿ˮ
ҲãԼаˮٴͬվھ֮¡
׼ʥֻ֣ʥѪˮͨöɲƣܻΪ壬֮УһҪԼһ
Ͳһˣ
׼֮ȫʥ
һ˿˿ʥҲɿͨɶȥ
ˣʱҲɲʥҵʵҲﵽ۷ˣɿͨʥٶȣҪһء
ҪҲǴԵʣԴʥûһų⣬桢ͨڻҪ
˵ĻҲʥ桢СţϼԦӡͷ뿪Ƭؿ߿ռ䡣
Լʮ
桢ͨɿ󶼲ˣ
ٴο֮󣬼һѪⶼɵĺڰѪˮȻһС
Ҫ޷
ĬĬţȻͨͷͨѪˮڵ̥ԪʯͷŸ
ɿʥӳԼ֮С
öɲ
ֽ̺ʥץǺڰѪˮ
ٶɾ˺ڰѪˮʼûκζϾѪ֮ԴģڰѪˮճһ棡
嶼̫ϤѪ棬а档
£ɻ治ϼӿٶȣɺڰѪˮһ̿ʼ
ζٶȺҲԽˡ
麹ʥӳ֣ҪסӴڰѪˮҲͬ졣
һȥļ깦
ڰѪˮ𽥻Ϊ״̬öɲʼתΪһƬ𺳺ڰС
ӡлҪֲ
˼飬ɶ˰аͨƵ̥ԪʯͷʯѪˮпǰһڰУ񿴵һ𺳡
ٶҲżȻһֻ궼ȥˣٶʮ꣬ʲô
ɿҲ۵òУʥҲҪǿ״̬Ԧʥ
ȵڰٶȴﵽ״̬ܱʱһ̣ſʼƷ
Ʒ͵ڵ
һ壬Ҫ쾭ȴ࿪ʼ
ڰѪˮתƺƴһ侲֪ҪĵһúڰѪˮһԴ
࣬Ҳǵزأ

ָţ·黨һ㣬ץһѪˮ档
ǻҲѪѪ˲仯ΪһѪ
ӵеѪʹѪʼѪطڰѪˮ֮С
λãѪʼΧڰѪˮ͵ɺڰ
Ѫ𽥱ɰɫѪպڰѪˮΧһ˿˿ɫѪˮ˿ߣϸСѪ
ЩѪѪΧ֯ɣѪҲɣܿڲҲֲѪ˿һ


1713 С
ЩѪɫҽ֯Ѫ£ЩѪɫ֪ں϶٣ȻһЩѪ⡣
ѪһѪѪ֮Ѫɫ֮šʢ
ͨһĻֻ𺳣ԼĤݡ
ܶѪѪյ˳̶ȣʥܣ˭ѪߣڷһֱѪ֮
һѪ÷ں֮ʢ
ѪǿѪ⣬Ѫˮ״̬Ǽάڲ졣

֮ѪȻʧˣΪȡһ࣬ͷųٷ˿һѪΧڰѪˮ֮УΪˣ࿪ʼͨͨ
ѪΪӣȻ̫ѣ
ɵЦЦ
ֽһЩڰѪˮ֮УΧкܶѪʼʢ
һͨȫӳֵ̥Ԫʯͷǿʢ
һͨ£
̥ԪʯǿҪȻԵ̥ԪʯΪѣ
ͨȫ߶Ѫˮ֮е̥ԪʯҲһΪ㣬һ˿СѪΪһ
ȫСӣѪˮ֮УһΪ룬Ҳںϣ
һҲѪˮ֮͸һ𽥻ûӷ˿СԽͣ·
ǵ̥Ԫʯ
̥Ԫʯ̫ˣӰǰڣһδڲԶͨ۵Լס
ҲףȻ׵̥ԪʯҪԡ
ΪѾɣһںϣճΪһأ࿪ʼתΧҲָϸ΢Ѫ
öɲᣡ
ֹȥã
ͻȻڰѪˮϷȫ߶öɲһڰѪˮ֮С
ã
ͣ
ȼˣڰѪˮѪǳˣа棬һ̣ѪˮͻȻѪӿȥ
ΪģɶѪˮУʧȻһ״̬
ѪˮʧţΧָѪ⡢Ѫͨ߶̥Ԫʯȫʯ֮һѪˮ塣
ɹʧܾһˣ
̣

ţ˫ץӡҲͷŴ۰â
Ѫˮ棬ȻʧѪˮͲˣһһУƯڻ֮С
һƤ棬Ư
ǵڶ棡
ҲǷ
ɹˣͨͻȻһѪȻۣҲӦ˷ܡ
ɿͷâ˫ͫΪ״̬ϲˣֳǿСɣֻǿɹΪѪѪ⡢δ̳廹δȫ
һˣھ治ˣҲͨ۵ãҪһ
ף治ףʥ漣ɿҲϳ档
Դ֮󣬲ſ
һģһûһֱ𣬵ȻҲв֮ͬƤڣϤĺڰƣϢҲаģϢȫ֮
ڰ
ķ·Ǻڰ޷Ӧ
ڰƯ·ûкһ㣡
Χټڰռ䣬һкڰϢΪģЩ·μҲڰӿ
ಣ
һڰǰʱһ£ƤȻѪɫ󲿷ּ
ɿϢڻָ֮УףˣֳСɰˣϸԣ㲢δֲԪʶҲδ÷
öɲϴ裡
ɲǼ䣬ֻʩչŷƾһָһָ
ÿһָ̺öɲǿмӳڷڣٶ
ͨȻȫͷڣڲ̥ԪʯͷΪ
ģӦڰڲܼҲˣÿֶУһҲڹҲһ
ɿֲʶʶһֲɹ÷ʶУ
ܼ򵥣
նԼüһ㣬һԪ˿ߴü
ٻΪһȦԪ˿߾һɫ⻷ץϿգȻüķȥ

ǿһ̣γɿֲڷ硣
桢ɿͨƺĴڣ
ûԪ⻷üģһڰ֮Ȼǰߣ
ɿ󷢳ŭ𣺡⣬ˣһʶֻǲˣɹôʱ·ɱҪȡ
ҺòķĶپܱռˣɲ档
߶֮Ͽԭسһиơ
ɲ׷ϷһɻΧյЩڰƻΪһɫ˿


1714 ԺڰĴ
һûκɫʣӴ࣬лæΪȻʶٻҪ޾£Ϊ㣬û뵽ԲʥΪлˣ
ҲʲôǺڰң˭Ҳ᲻ȥҴ⣬һ֪ڵģ

治ϷΧڰ
ڴʱͨɿɱͻȻһӰ߹Ƿ绢Ծһû
ǺӰΪһСߣü֮С
ɿһĻŭˣѾʶڣҪɹ
̫СңһʶǰǱʥһûһ취ֻܿŷᣬʶҿ⣿ΧұҪʶж
ɲǼ䣡
澹Ȼ˫ֺʮüķһ⣬üġ
ͨԪ
ü˲䣬ոɹѪ磬ֻӦ΢Ԫ͸
΢Ԫ룬Ȼһɲͬ
ͬ
Ҳ֦ȻһߣһϷ·ڷСߡ
аӰΧںϣСϣӿһڰԪռںϡ
࣬һ
룬С໥һڿ̵Է̫ײˣСγһ

ųԾַǳ򾲺ȵʲô
һģһа񣺡Ǿ㣬ҲǿǺڰ֮ҲϹźڰɽ֮һöѣǰʲô쿪ʼҾˣл棬û㣬ӵһ죡
һ
ʵԵȵɲңҵķûǸʵΪԺڰ磬Ҿ޷ʰ㣡
ɲ㣬˭ռȻķȻʶһ㣬Ҳͽʥ߶ȣΪԪ񣬸Ҷ֣ҷڣںڰҿԿƷ㲻а
ǵڰҲں
㲻ںСǲ֪Һڰǿ󣬶ֻǺڰ֮Уԡڰ֮ĸĸ׵ĺӣӶ㿪ʼɹӵȥ磬ҾѰĸףҵĸ֮Ҫ¶ȡƬ磬κɽ硢ͥΪǵʳ
ҲŲʲôڰ֮ĸȥҿԷŹʶ
һ̫֪ߵغ֪ΪڰǴԲѣ֮ǰҵĺڰڶҵĺڰʲôҶ
ǳǺڰδֻˣңûа취Ը㣬ֻҪʶˣ
˼ǱͿζԸҵĺڰ
֮ӰҲ֪һٶȼӿ죬һ̳
˲ϢƬԪ󣬶Ӱ߹֮֮ǰ޴ʮֹ
߹ӰǻѵĶߣǷſ죬߹аڰԽȣģҲԽ
ΪɣڰΪ
߹ִһԺγպơ
ЩƲǺڰ
ƺѷڣ߹а糤޳ΧѾγռ䡣
ѾΧ֮У
ֻвٷ֮һѪʣ¾ųɽ߹ֺڰ˷ܱ߹ֿƣҲ֮С
߹һģһ߻ħ棬ЦţΣûƭɣҴ󲿷ɣöʵңСӣڳüñ㱾ɣռݷԺΪЧҵĸ״ˣ綼ҵģ
濴Χغ󣬶ǺڰаЩƶΪӰ߳ҳǳǿ󣡡
߹һɴϲúãͺãԺʶΪ磬籾ںڰ
ˣȷǿ󣬵ǾὫ㣬Ӳ㳼ףҲʶҵɣ
ͨԪȻһ֣
߹˲䣬ϾȻ޵Ļ档
ĵ£
ѡؿռ䣬עҪ߹Ҳͷźڰ棬Χزؿռ䣬Ӱɽ֮ҧ
̫ˣ
Ļ棡
һ̣һСʯӣΧӰɵ棬˫һϣһȦȦ
ȫ߶ĵ£ȫʩչͨԪǿԪɱ
Ϲĺһһ
û뵽ΧɱӰȻһɹĻ棬յһɶӰ׷׻Ϊҽ
ܣ㲻ӵǿԪ棬ɰ߹ֱһЩ
ŷŭ𺳣ٴοӰɱ档
汾³Ǳǿ˺飡
ĵ»棬һȦΧӰȥ


1715 ѪԺڰ
ֻһΪģΧӰٴαգһ̣澹Ȼڴ߶Сǧ
ԶԸ߹֣Ը޷սʤǿеֶΣ
Сǧ߶֮󣬹ĵ³׻Ϊһ泤ۡ
Ҳڴʱ߹ץסᣬӰҧҧͨԪĵ֮ϡ
ûнĵҧ飬˵ͨԪ֣ĵ»棬κһڰӰմϣյúܿ컯Ϊҽ
֪ĵ£հɣ
ղ߹ֹһ˫ֺݺһ
ĵ纣˰Ԫ棬ΧӰ˲ճɻҽһӰκӰĿƺڰһ̽ԳΪԪն
գۼ䣬ΧؿռΪ硣
ĵػ棬·ʲôܷա
ڰЩӰƾĿаȻҲвĵԪ档
ӰȻ粻ţӷغΧӿͨԪΧ̳ɺһƬڻҡ
һɣ˿ֲԪΪ
߹һ̣Щ֮ǰǷˡ
ֺڰȻԸһɡ
׹ǣɶǱɱɣɣԼΪǿʥ
ʥУһˣʲô
ü罣ĵֲţҵֺڰģ
ಣ
߹ֱа־ˣ
ӷԪƯʮɾ˺ڰ־֣Сɽһƶ
ֿºڰ֮УӿӰÿһߴִ󣬲ӿſ죬纮ɣԪռͷŴ⡣
Ŵֱҧ֣Ȼûκκ֮ɫһˣ
ѹ֣
˫֮ĵΧ棬ֺȻնһͻ
ͻһͷͷڰߣ
¡
ɱһ𣬺ڰֵȷֲ㽫𻢻飬ͻϻѹųɡ
ɾٴչСǧͻַվ˻棬յڰʹ

ڰַһߣһʮһӳߡ
ĺãͻԪ棡
ҲʩչΪԵƣͷϰͻͻ츳ͨҲ츳ʩչӦ֣
СǧҲ꣬ƿش󲿷־裬츳ͻϣҲֵ
ֻǣڴ߶Сǧ״̬֮Уھ̫ˣɽ磬һκòɵ߶Сǧ
ûа취Ǻڰ֣ѹĻΣա
ͻմһڰɱһ໥ɱ˺ҧڰһֱͣѹȥ
ǹҲС
۵ʱƵģ˫ͫޱȣһ
ɲǼ䣬Ϸִ㡣
ȥϷſʼɺڰǷаڰΧڰҲɣ
һԱ֮󣬾ͱӡڣΧڰ湥ռݾơ
ҾͲţҴ£նɱ˵ͣòһСӣ
ڰҲԸоںڰСǧǹĵ̫ˣòϢ
ַϰڰߣⷽҧ໥ʳҪ˺顣
ǵķնͻҲ¸ɱȥһɣ˫Ƿ
ҺܿЩڰߣͱͻɱƹƷߣһͷͷڷԪ֮п񱼣ֱ
ڻˣӰһͻͻһˣ
㣡
ֱﵽʥ߶ȣ
ֻͷųǧ㣬֮ǰʮҪ࣬ˣΧ߹ΧɷԪкڰ
ҪնֿƷںڰӳԼϣûкڰӳֶ֣ܼã
ֹԽңԽ࣬ͻȻֱ֣Ҳָо£Խ档
һֻֻ̫ڰҲһֻֻֻڡ
ڣ㽫ְΧˣͻҲڱΧŰ
ͻȻԳ˵Сӣףҽ㣬ԺһΣ
һ⣺ˣֺڰֻԱ̸ȻҿԷŹ㣡
ҿĸ׺ᣬɱңŭˡ
ڰ֮ĸԣһʰˣʵôǺڰ֮ĸҲȥ
ĸϻ֮еĺڰڣΪСģֻûˣ޵ɽɡͷҶ֣һ۸ͷϣ
ǾˣһɣҪԵһʥ
Ϊ߶㡢ͻɶԦǳף
ҲƴˣѳӰԸ㡢ͻ档
ܽͻ顣
Ϊ㻹ֶΣ棡
ͻһץͨԪڣɳһͷͷվһ˲ͻӰ


1716 ڰޱ
ڰˣΪԶ
߰ȻһЦʲôֵģÿ˶Լӵֻһֶΰˣ
úãȻͺˣ뵱꣬Ǳɱ٣ұͿԻû߹ּӰԸͻ档
Ȼ£ֻ̫㲻ɣһӴа־š
ЩӰͻ֣ٶմҲѹѹذΧ߹֣š
㾿ǺεˣնɱͷĴڣݺɽ磬ںڰưԣȻ첻һСӶ֣һ̣ڰǭ¿ĵز
Ҳòǿ
ֻһˣһ߰ˣɣһʼʹҵķѾǴĿʼɶǣұҪͻɾ죬һ̤ɣȻôྫǲǸ
ƴˣڰޱߣ
ͻȻҷһɺס
ɺ׾Ǽ֮ǰǺڰðĺײ࣡
磡
汾ɿͨػ£Ȼֽӡ״̬ͨԪͰ羫ͨԪͿ߹ֲɱȥ
û뵽ϾȻֺܶڰԼס
ɿͨһĻով֮࣬Ҳͬڰҷա
һ֪ڷڣ桢ڰ־ڸʲô
ܸоԼΧȻ֮УǺڰаӿڰпưɣ
Ԫһ˲䲶׽仯
ʩչڰ֮Ҫڰ־㱾ԼΧһУȻĨɱ㣬һʼ˵㲻Ҷ֣ΪմȾҵĺڰŰɣָֻ
Ȼ
ͨԪΧӿڰϢһѹƶԪѹơ
иΪµ飬ԪҲμʧԪ뱾֮䣬ʧȥӦ
Ǻڰ
ܵΧԪҲ޷ӦϢն뱾ӦһҾ޷ʩչڰӿ
ǱԼҺڰǿڰޱߣ߹ѾΡ
ȻóֶΣҲóСǧҪУزޣѹ
һ̣ץһʵԿȫ
ʼڴ߶Сǧ
ĵ»濴һɻǣָգͨԪһӱ

ɻǾө֮⣬а֡
ڰͷһӰҧȥ

Ӱ죬ͽӰմںڰֿһĻ޷ŵͬʱɻѾı
ͣ
аڰһ

һƻֲǻһڰǴӰĨȥ
ڰΧ׹Ƕֵ
Ϊ޷ֿΪһҪʧ㾿ʲôˣһɲӵ˿
߹ڿ־
ټҲ޼£ǹʧΪҽ
Сǧ
̣
аֱʹԿСǧ
СǧûһʧڷʱСǧһδսͷһδε񻰣ɱǿߡ

СǧĲԽ磬ﵽɽ߶ȣСǧû˿ɣԶԸκǿߡ
ľҲν
ࣣ࣡
Сǧвѹڰһֱڴڱ֮󣬺һλڷ
ҲӦ籾ϢԼɿͨ
ٿΧӿĺڰڲپۼʧԪڣڰ֮Ҫʧȥ
߹ͻȻظߺСӣ⣬ԺѣҿԸܶ벻Ķ
뱾ӦϤıһӿͨԪ񣬱Ԫ״̬ѽޣҪʧ
ͻȻͷչĵ𣬹ĵﶯ˰
һ߹ֺ֣ڰʲôĵģ⣿ҿɲˣ
꣬ɱܶˣЩռָҶţԸ㣬ǿһƸ
ҲҪ
㲻ҪЩУһذҶޱϤ֪бƩҾ֪üԴȥ
Ҳȥ
֪Զ
ʲô
һסؿ߹֡
߹Ȼڴ״̬ɵȲСǧʱʱ̿Ҫ㶼֪㲻ضᱦ𣿡
治֪ʲô˵Ȼغأеڴˡ
ԶĴڣϹʱߴض壬Ǻڰһ嶼Ҫ壬õĴڣǺڰҲǶ֮ͣˣҿԸţ֪õһӵԶ


1717 ħ

ȷң
Ǻǣ˵ͷڿңʲôʲôֻʱ䣬Ϊ֪޷ãҲΪʩչڴģ㹻ʱ䣬Ϳ߲𣿡
㡭
֮ǰǸ£ֻΪһ׼
涼˵ˣ
ʵ
СǧܵģʵԽǿ߶ԽҲܳܳʱ䣬ʱ״̬޷ʱ߶Сǧ
ԣԼףؼ߹Ҳˡ
ɣһ̣ʩչǧ㣬ȥ
Ȼ޷ԺڰƷƺڰͲٵʩչơ
֮һ˼߶СǧԼ
֮ǰӴʮɣҪʮɣֻвһ롣
ˣСǧ޷ٴ߶ã޷ɱֻܷӡ
һֿ̣ʧӦʱֱѾϵʮ꣬ھ߳ɡ
ȥԱӰ죬ɲǹͨпԲġ
ķӡ
գֻܷӡ֣
һδ߶Сǧ滯ΪģٻΪһ
ֻɶ߹־һزϷꡢջǣ־СǧͷһǷգյʹ໲ҽС
ԣ
գֱģסκаϢͱһɶ
ңңĵ֣治ܶͱյҽС
˿˵ĺܶԣҵȷһɣûʵɱ㣬ҿ㣬һ㱾ʣһӴҵķ
棬Ȼɱң󲿷ֶұڰɱңӡ֮УǱַŭ
Ԫ룡
ʱ򣬾־ںϵʱ̣
һԪȥԪһͷԪȥԪ󣬾ͻΪһ˿˿Ԫ˿Ԫںϡ
ಣ
ͨԪ뿪Ժ
һӰӷüķɳֶϱ֮У
ʱһߣѮˣˣȻǾһߡ
ɿۣ͵ĵˣŽΪ۰ȥɱ
ûѡŽǸ޷Ըڰ֣Ӷ˶Ϊʳͨ
ҪΪͨںڰˡ
׼£ҿƷҶҾ÷ںڰٶɽ٣ΪʥǸܶԸڰһ˼·
Ԫ񲻶ںϣҲ鿴ڣ󲿷ֶǺڰҲΪˣ޷Ĩɱ־
ΪڶǺڰܽڰȫɣ־ͷ¡
ԴƷ鵤ϰٿɣɡѪҲʮŵɡ
бҩʱҲȲѣóһ˲ιڵز֮У˲ιڻָ
ڣ״̬һ˿ת
֮󣬷˫ۣ񣺡ѳɹܴ߶
沢δ⣬ףǾΪͨڰڰѪӡ
˷оϢȻ̫ͬڰˣŵͨе㲻Ӧ
ǰ£ʩչһ㣬ҧסͨ˫֡
ܿʹ˫֮Уһڰơ
ͨϲѣ̫ˣ
ӵд󲿷ֺڰ׳Ϻڰ͵СصĸߣǷĻͲУڰǿ˵ǹɺڰʥ޷Ĵڣ
һȥڻָͨҲһڰƣ
ͨȻӷǰһԾͷƣˣڸоκֻصһоֻҪҼ꣬ͻˣ
桢СţԼҥΪ㻤ȥɽٷ̳ɣ·ϷҲг⴦ضɽ٣⣡ҪΪʥˣҲǳڴ
ãͨȥ
ɿҲȥͨʵ֮ͨ⣬ΪǿģЩģɿҲ뿪ºڰռ䡣
ʣһڰգţʱʱ۲״̬Ϊ÷
и˲ιڣóϰٿŽѪһͬڡ
ܿ죬ƾ̫ˣȻƣһǳǿֻϢǺڰ
棬ɱңɱҡ
Ҳ޷ĨңΪķɣԶɱңҪɱңֻһɱ˷֪᲻ãӴԺҾһֱ㣬Ҿħ
û뵽ڰ־ȻӷԺǰš
Ҳû취Ϊȷ޷ɱڰ־־̫ǿˡ


1718 
ܳʱ߶Сǧǿԣǣܳʱ߶Сǧ
ˣĪ̫ģʱʱ̿̿û⣡ʱҲͶһϤĿ⡣
ףӴԺǾһУֻڰҲû⣬ϾǺڰΪҳڰʱһɽ̤ɣΪɣһʣһɣ

ӡһγͬҧס˫֣һ˿˿ڰ
ڰ͸оָ࣬о̫Υˣкڰʱʱ̶̿һɽѹϡ
úȻΧһӦͶųȥ֮ϣǴپۼ
ͨҪɽˣһ֮ʥ
һʥߣ֮ǰڰֵʱɲ٣ڰѹ
ͨͻʥɹҴ̤ɵʱ̣ӿٶɺڰ
ɣ
һΪɣʵʮ
ӿɺڰһʱ䣬ڽڰոɸɾ
ȥĺڰ룬Լ֮ǰʩչ㣬ɶڰ־Ҳںˡ
̶ʱ䣬ԪٱʵҲֹٱҲʥʵ
ûкڰҾܴʩչöɲԴָ
ž
˲仯ΪһƬѪѪˮϻΪУһ
Ҳܿʩչöɲ廯ΪѪˮ֮󣬳Ϊʮɾ˺ɫѪˮ״̬ҲһΪУɴӱĸԴ
鵤ǧţǧŵɣɡѪõġ
̶ʱ䣬Ѵﵽ۷壬Ҫͻƽɣ
Դȴֲٱ֮ǰҾ鵤٣ӲãͲɵģ
Լ
÷־ٶȺֻбķ֮һٶȣΪڵԵʡ
СǧٶȣҲ
־Сǧ⣬뱾һ컯߲Ԫȭȵȡ
Ҳͬ
Ժûж̫࣬ˣӵʥʵ̤ɣʣɣʵȻΪֲʱ߾Ͳֹͨɿ֣Ҳڿʩչʥ
۲仯ʱòעָ
ɰ˲ι˲ιǸ߼ʥҲо޴仯
ɰ˲ιɡѪڻָʮģ۷״̬һЩࡣ
Ҫȫָɵһ˲ιǿʥԴĪıһȥɡʥٷãû뵽ɾ͸˷һ
ʹһ˲ιͿҪɵ
ģѪ£öɲ״̬ƽʱûʲôͬͿﵽ۷塣
ˣѾɹͻʥʥȻֲ˲ι֮ǰԴʥڵȫ⣡
ʱ򣬼Ӱ
һǿϢ
ʥ
ͨ
һΡɽǰһܽĨɱʥ
úȥɽ٣ףɿȴڰռ䡣
ͨҪɽ٣ҲҪΪźڰ
һ֮ڶǽڣǰ׹ǵ죬ǽڹΧκκҲΪӡ
ʥٿֲ֮
ɿץƷʯΧ÷̳桢СţΧš
̳һɣӿ
ڴ֮Уһͬϴ衣
иòϰߣоϤַǳİϢҶܲˣ
СԶԶڲĿⶼڴһһ
ҲͷϴϢںһӦ÷ҲϴһģӷֻܸӦϢʣһֱڰ
ǶƺһЩ仯
䲻Ӧһ桯
̺϶˴ϴã״̬𽥻ָ۷塣
û뵽һ꣬ûȥأѹȥ꣬ͻ֮ȻɹҪܳһʱ䡭
ڣ
ͻȻ̧ͷƺȻ
ҲˣϢΪֲһĺɷ֮
ձú¡¡һɹӸ߿հ˷ۼܿγʮȻͨʥٻҪֲ١
ˣ
ɿں󷽰ףɴɴٲ࣬Ψһͬǣɴ󣬻׽ٴ˲֮оΪ𵤣ֻҪעһͺãһɣ˾һǿˣͥﶼȥãܵõκϿɣ
ˣ
һ˲Ҳˡ
ҲһγˣӿͻȻ䣬ٻɽͬʱ𡢷ѹ
ΪɽٻΧ󡢷֮Ҳճܻ棬ܿͻΪһʮٻش
ƣ
ͬʱ֣һȭɱ


1719 ɴ
ȭнٻ𣬱һ޴ٻķѡ
ٻ𾹲桢һȭ
һȭ֮ٶȻȭ֮ϣȭ֮УҲ̺ȭ
Сǧ־⣬棬治£ӡҲ棬ϾѪ֮УҲ̺ʩչȭͫ⡣

ٻҪˣÿһؽٻа֮죬նյŤ
⻹ɽ磬һμܽռյò
䣡
ٻֱ桢ԲѴ֮͸һȭȭ飬֪ڶ׽ٳ֡
׽ٱȥӲǽɴٶϴ裬Ҳǿ飬ǿֻѩ
ǿĻ׽پһֿϴ衣
桢վڴ֮ϣһ׽˲仯Ϊ׽ٲͷ˼Ѫ
׽壬ֻǴ㡢ȦȦѪڱը֮ѪΪ׽һֲ̫Ҳ
ꡢ꣡
׽һδڡڱڣͫ룬Ҳǿ˺Ƥ
ڣ׽ٸ޼ɵѪѪ⡢֮бߣһЩϸ΢Ѫܲס׷顣
ЩѪǳ̣ƾ׽Դݿ֮ѪҲû顣
Ŷ
Ȼ˲ǻһ߲׵
û뵽׽ٽϴ裬һӿھ֮У֮ǰ޵ö߲Ԫһֱ̫ǿ󡢳棬Ժʩչ
׽پȻ߲Ԫ磬߲ԪںϣԪҲʼڣ߲ʹâһӣڻͷš
̤ɣܹʩչ߲Ԫˣɡɾ磬Ϊ̫߲ԪʩչҲǿ󣬶߲ԪַǳԪɱвɣġ
񼴽̤ɣ𵤣һɣ߲Ԫڽ֮ж죬Ӷʩչ
Ϊ߲Ԫһ׽٣ʱ͸оôʹࡣ
Ҳм߲Ԫҿһһ׽٣֪Ҳ߲Ԫɽ١

֪ϴ٣Ѫ׽ٽ֮һٳˡ
ý٣
شͻȻһڣһɹɺڰӴ֮е
棬֪Ϊڰ½ѹڣҵĺڰ
Ժ
ڷͨԪȫʱһĵ·ӡ֮Уֺڰ־ȻΪһЦš
Ҳոսѹ֪Ҫɽ٣
һɰˣ֪ɽ٣ÿ־Ϊ֮ʣҵĺڰ֮ӡҲ־ɣ
棬һУ
ڰڤڤ֮У͸һ޵ĺڹ⣬ɺڹⲻʲôȻһ˿˿󣬴ӷӡ֮͸ȥ
һУȻû汾𡢷֡
һ˼ڿӿڣз
һжˣĳɽ֮УһƬϳֳ˺״̬һУԼ壬ҲΪƬһ֡
־ʶģ˫ֺʮֻ𵤣ͻƽɣΪǿߡ
κʶԺǣһʱΪ籩꣬һӰɱⶼ޷ı䡣
ʱʱһ£Ҳע仯
Ǻڰ󲿷ֶǺڰкڰ־ٻþȷмֳ
þ֮ѹʼٿֻЩ԰װˣҲ˳ȹýٿ顣
ɿΧæѶˣһ𵤣һףӴ֮гֱڣֱ˲أǧ𷴿
ף
Դ䣡
һ׹ƴ٣һף·֮ߡ
û׽ǰֲҲֲѹ
߳壡
ɽɫ˲˺ѾգȻ߿ڽ֮²Ҳھηס
ˣ
ͫһ˲Ŵ
ͣ͡
˱׻壬϶ʱѪƣ类ǿ߻һĿġ
ʱ˿̣汻׻оʧȥκοƣǱ΢΢ЩҲӿһЩɷ
꣡
״˳һֱزأִӵز˲Ҫȫ顣
˲Ԫͳͳ𵴣ĩһ㣬˲ϣ׻л롣
㣬˲ҲһףΪһ롣
Ԫӿɫ֮Уһɫףʶһ㣬˲
Žɫ֮УɱΪʱȴһֱڷڣδ𵤡
ɿȴˣҪͷԼ־ϣ𵤣
ԭˣ
ͨ˲䣬ٴμоӿ˲ǽɫ֮С
û뵽һ˲䣬־׽Ӵһ˲䣬ֽ֮УԼԼһƯӰ


1720 Ž
ЩӰ٣鶼ǣǿʲôģڤڤ֮вϽӡ
治ѣͷһԪ񣺡ɿ֪Щ֮Ӱʲô
߻Ӧӹżԣ˵Ϲͷ־ǵռ䣬ٻ磬ǵ취֮Ϣתһ˶ɽʱ֮мЩ־Ҳû֤ǲģ
ͷ־
žηͷŸ־Ȼ׽Ϊһ룬˲оٶȼӿ죡
һ˲䣬ֻӽ
·һƵģѸΧҲ
֮У澪淢֣ԽǻоͶǽ֮Уڲձٶֲ𵤣Ҫʿ־ϣ־Ҳʿһ־ǿٶȻ
ԽȻǿ󣬶Խ٣ƷҲǳһĴڡ
׽򳹵׻Ϊһ׹У濴˲ԪӿУ𻢡߲ԪȵȲͬľ
ԽԽ죬ֻоԼˣΨڽû
߳壡
һ֮ҫ۽⣬ͻȻִ٣ֱ͸Ѫһ̻˲
һѪ־ڱ
Ҫоʱȴϲ֮УһĨ׽⣬⽫жС
ΧȻڼϢ䣬׽ˣֻʣһСĽɫӣƯڿտյ˲롣
֮ǰ򲻼ˣѪɫҲˣҲˡ
ͳͳֻ֮ʣһŽɫӣֻС
ǽ𵤣
ϤϢ治İ֮ǰնɱɣȡڽ𵤣һ㾫ɡ
ʶɫһŽɫӻͷһЩ׵磬ڲһ޴С
ѹʧڲҲʧ𽥻Ϊһڲ·аɫƵӡ
ǽ𵤣
ɲеĽ𵤣Ҳʥ֮κ˱ľ
˽֮˲ټ֮ͥݺᡣ

뵽־ع鱾𣬿ɫһɣҲ˳𵤡
ΪɣҲΪɣɽҲǼΪϡٵ顣
һ̣֮͸һЩ׽٣׽ٺ£ʼ飬һҪʼɾˡ
һ̴ﵽųɺˣ˲ءءزضˣΨнû顣
𵤾Ѫˮ֮УΪԴȪϸͷž֮У־Ѫ⡣
ѪⶼѪ״̬ǳа߹ǹɺڰûκβ֮ͬ
׽һ֮ͻȻͶһĽ⣬ɽ£뱾ʼѪˮ״̬
Ҳһ̿ʼӽɱΪɡ
꣡
½Ѫ鵤Ҳʣ˲ιԼҩȫһȥ
ң
ִڽ˫ʣʥڵгһ˿˿һա
ʥǽ޷ȴ桢Žɣɵͬʱˡ
ôһʥҲٶʮ
ԭҪܳʱ䣬û뵽ֻҪһʱ䣬𡢷ʹѪˮװΪ

˫ͫǽҲӨ͸ԿѪ֮У󲿷Ѫ
棡
ٿ˲Ѿ΢΢һȦһЩɫƣڲ֮ȫ
ϲ̤ɣ
ϲϴ̤ɣ
ͨɿ桢ţֵһʱ䣬缤
һ죡
ο֮ٿʼģʧΧٻҲڵ濪ʼʧ
һɫۣƤҲڻָһЩֻϢ·ɫͬ
˵һҪڵһӣԿƽȥ·߹ʣһɣ
Ҿȥ棬ڰǳʺңؾûкڰ
˲һǰ׹ǶӲˡ
ಣ
ͨ
ɿ֮־˲أ鿴𵤡
˽һᣬ֪𵤲ܣɿֵ㿴ϸϸӦڽ𵤱ʵһɫۼǾǽɵۣζǽһΪ
Ȼͷ־鿴ʱڽ𵤱֮£봦һ׵ĺۼһɫƼӡڽ֮С
Ϊ֮棬ֳԾĺܣΪǰδӽ֮УֽƵۣ
ҪΪ̫ͣɽɽ޷Ƶۣһһ䣬֮кܶɿױΪ
𵤣
ɿֵˣ̤ɣ˵Ծţ󲿷̤ɣɱ䣬ƸɽˡʯסɫСȱ˵̤֮󣬾ͿںˣͨҲʩչ


1721 ӡ
ͨٵ취̳һʱ˵
ͨҲͻʥҪ
ʥΪϢôƷʯƲ°Ʒʯһ̳
Ͼ󣬷̳ʱӿ
˶ڷ̳ţֱóһŴڵ
ʥڵ
һ۾ðˣû뵽֮ǰѹҲֻڵʣ߳㹻ӵоʵ鵤ɡѪ
߶ӡһΪɣʹӴڵ֮Уһ˿˿
Ϊһɹɣֱͨɿ桢ţ֣һʥͷ·һ㣬汬֮Уʥ
ţƬ֮ͷţϴʥ鵤Ѫʵܴﵽ۷壬ܿҲܴﵽʥ߶ȣ
СҲƤĺܣϴϸ߼鵤ʯԴˣƷµҩʯôˣѪҲòϣֻнѪܹǿ󣡡
Ǿɱǣϸ߼Դ㹻ʮ꣬ȷҪ취ƷȼԴһʥڵǺܿҲһգ
Դ
֮ǰδ̤ɣԴ١
ƷƷȼԴ̫ˣ㹻꣬һﵽ۷Լʥʵ
ͨԴͲˣƷԴС
ƷҩʯͥǶǼٵĴڣҲֻʥͷںϡ
ͨƷȼԴ
Եʮˡ
ҵøһЩʥֻнΪʵƱͨĶ࣬ҪԴɺڰҲҪȥ
ֽһʥڵӡ֮С
桢Сţʵﵽ۷壬ɿҲʥʵʵ
ƣһһֲοͬʱҲԼҪӱŬ׷ϴҡ
һ汣һ
鿴֮󣬴ӽ֮͸򡢷һɣͽ򡢷ࡢС
뷨ںһ壬𵤾ҲǷ࣡
ɴԴտյ˲ؿռ䣬ӿһɹɫƫɫ
ˣ
һһ˳ˡ
˾Ǵӷ֮Уõɱ߳ϲֻģһ֡
֪ʵںûи仯һ˲䣬ʹ߶ɱ֮С
ˣ
˵ںϣһЩǳģͼƣɲǼ䱻ע롣
ͷһâƺɫɫƣ˹âԽǿʢ·һۼȻһϡ
һĻţɿһʶ˲ؿռ䡣
ˡ
û뵽ɿ֮ǰ˻ûʲôԾ֮Ͼǰͼӵɱ
Ȼһ̣ɺܶƬں϶ɵɱˣȻ󲿷Ѻ۶һںϣ޷ƽ
澪ϲѣֻ֪֪йأ
Űйʱʱڣټɽ֮У˶֪һްԣڹżʱһЩżأŵӰһڲͬͥ˶֣ϧˣҲɣرãˣ⵽ˣ֮ǰûʲô
ɿһ̣Ŀⶼ֮ϣϾ֮ǰ״̬㿴󲿷ѺںϣΪһˣ仹һֲˣѾ˵Ǵ˵֮еġӡû뵽ͨһˣȻִ֮еĴڣ
ӡ
ǷʲôǷ˹Ȼ򵥣򵱳Ҳ޷Ͻᡣ
ӡӦδ˵ֻɽǿߡ֪ͥ󲿷֪ӡĴڣһЩԶŴ˵оˡ
ʲô
˻ǵʴ˵𣿡
ǵһЩǴ֮УԶŵһеǿߣֱ˻ʡ𣿡
λԶʥˣǴ֮УٵصĴڣ̫ͨ޷ˣŷڵķ磬ڵɽ磬ԼǴԶʱڵ򣬾˻ʡ۴磬ɡ

Ǵţû˿֤ʵ֮УʺĳطҲûʶӡԶʱڣʥ˵磬򣬽ʱ֮󣬳ʥֵ֮ʥ
֣֮
ôһ˵ˡ
Ȼоˣ̫зˣǿʰ˵֮УԴ
û뵽ڷ֮УõһɱˣȻǳʥ֣֮Ϊ½磬Ҫԭ
ʲôãо񷨱渧ӡȻŪ̫
ɿ渵ڶͥλͷʶϹŹżЩżҲֻоͷУ̻֮ж򵽣Ҷ󲿷ֹƣойӡţӡʥƣһһ˿飬ÿһ鶼ʥˣ羫ɣأƿʱգһ磬ŵ˵ӡһƣͥƿһͥ


1722 
һˣƿһͥͥ󣬺ޱ߼ʣǽҲҪǧɡ
һˣܿһͥ
һͥʲôӡӵԿһɽ磬ӵ޷
˵ãôһ˿ӡ
ʥӡǸˣһʱգµػһɽ磬һ˿ӡԶſʼһֱûоأһɢڲͬɽ硢ʱ֮УڰҲУһֶɽһ֮У綫ͥϡʡһӡܳΪһͥһһǿߣ
ԣҵõŵӡδҲ붫һһͥ
˳ģ㿴ӡȻģ޷󣬺εԴıӡȻǷκηƷʣҸҿ϶ɽ޷ն˱ȻģҪҵƬ
ڶͥǿߣ½ѰƬ˵ҲӡƬ
ȷһƬӡ̶ȣӦûһƬط
ûп֮ͥУ
кܴܣžΪӵӡܳΪԶŴ֮һȻһֱţŸ飬һȥɽ磬һ֣˵ʣһ֣ŷ֮УѾմ󲿷ƬӦƬҵƬڣ
ááá
ӡû뵽һͷı
ıʵʥּ˲ӣų
ǧҪغãͬʱںϣκʱݺᣬΪ֮ɿһ
ԺҾͷڽ֮Уںϣʱжô֮
Ȼ뵽ʲô
ִץһʯҲշŷ֮ҵƬ
ɿ˿϶ˣӦһ֮ͥеıԴʯƬӦþͥغ˾ʯһǣ֮ΪһǣˣԺȫԴããɽ֮Уҵͥ氡
ԭˣ뷲֮бԴʯһǱԴɣˣӡͥԴغƬⲻҵͥ𣿡
һз·䣬ƺڤڤ֮еİţ
һʯӡ
󱦱֮Уֲ鿴ɫ
֣ȻģϢȻϣ֮һΪЧЧЩǿߡ
ҿںϣѪͻѪͬʱǿ󡭡
ӵõɫʼ󣬱ѪѪ
ץƸԽںϸӦ
û뵽͸ȥǰԣޱǿĽ󣬿ʼһ㡢һȦȦɢ
һ̣Ƹ
ﾹȻǹԼһδκһδԽ־ɺںϣȻ䣬һϢ޵Χγɡ
˷Щǿʧ٣𣿡
ƸһȻӡţû˿Ϊչ
ˣ
һƹâ֮У
ΪһΣһƵС
С棬չˣ޵ýɣԵõɺϿɣҲң
ȻӦϢǷǳ˷ܣȻ飬Ƹ𣿡
Ѿܾû顣
Ҿɺ飡СкҲ߰ӣһƵ£֣ûѪ⡣
Скǰȥʵͣ
޵ýɣףܵõϿɣƸڷõģ
ţҲǹϵͥ
ţİһ֣
˹Ʋ֪ЩһЩͷ֪ŵģҵһϡͨ
ŴϣűΣ
һǿһĴڣһͥһɽʱգйʱǰִϵǷǳġ
ϴʲôƷʷ
ɽ編һеؽסʥסʽס۽ַ֣֮ƷƷɽ󲿷ɱǵؽסʥףʥ󲿷ֶʩչʥƷڷʽɱǼΪټ۽ɱɽ缸վ۷ĴڣҾǵ۽ƷɱѾǷ֮еߣ
۽Ʒɱ
֮ǰɱֻ̫س˵꣬һӾˡ
ؽסʥɱǷǳģɲſʼʹʥ׷ͨƷʥʩչʥ֮ƷƷ
֮ϻһʽס
ʽ֮ϾƸڵĸ߶ȣ۽ף
£ﳼ


1723 ǧʱ
οִžϲ֮ջ񣺡û뵽ȻƷʷֲôӵõһ죬òǿںϣ޷㣡
ɺޱȼɾͽɣܶˣΪʥڲƾͶʧʱܶҽ
Ϊֻǿ߶ɺ
˿ĪҪ٣ҿǵ۽ɱѹκʥ׷ˣͨɣȻֻܴ߶һκ治򵥣һ͵͵Цš
Щ
ҵȡ󲿷ʡҲԵռ䷨Ժ𹥡ˮʩչȡ˿ʡ
ãͺúػݶ֮УҪʱ̰ںϵ̥ԪʯֽϹݽ鿴
ˣֻʣһʶˣֻҵĵ̥ԪʯԼһЩľϵﱦָܰȻСĺǻϹݡ

أ
Ƹ֮Уץɽ
û뵽ýոɽںϣɽϷ壬̻ذ롣
ûȫ룬Լһ屻ںڻɽȻһ壬ǿһЩ
û뵽飬ӽɡ׵ط˳ɽ¶𺳣ˣɽ
һǰڷ͵õˣ޷ںϣںϣҪѲ٣
ɺǳɻ󡢳ԾȻɽƷʸ߳ˣϾǴ֮еķɽڷӡˮ֮硯һɽӦòܻһɽ
ˮ֮磿·йţޱİ
ˮ֮ڰ֮УΪ䡢ϵһҲӡħһĵطɽӡˮ֮ͨΪ׹䷲
ħһ壿ҲǺڰ𣿡
˲֪ħǷǳģħô˵أҲ̫ϾйʱʱͨŽƣҵʶʱҲֻ̫֪ħ߸ͳɽ磬ʧܣӡˮ֮磬ɽǷӡ֮

ɽкܶܣɽҲ̫ˡ
֮Ҳջ񣬵֪ɽˡ
ˮ֮磿
ɽȻδںϣֻ̤ܵʥٿҲɽ֮Уý𵤾ںϡ
֮У
̤֮ͨԪ·һգƲһ㣬ŽɫĵԪ̫ǿˡ
ͨԪģʯף
ʯȻһʯӡԪ֮С
ںϣ
ͷŽһ˲䣬ͺһ治Ϸʯס
ʯױںһ֣̤ɣϢʼѽ룬һ˿˿͸ȥ
ˡ
û뵽ںһʱ䣬һϤʯ
ոһͼǰ֪ʱһϤӰʯ
ǵ꣬һʯںϣʯڲλߡ
ҲСǧ档
ǰּˣͿ
㣬㻹һˣϷ㣬ҲŹһǧ꣬Ȼߣ
ߴŲɣܼ棬˵ʵѴﵽɽݺ߶ȣϷӣҲ˵㽫СǧѾ߰˰ˣҲҪһŷ
ŶĻŭŰ
ҲСǧĴ˹Ϊǧʱ
ǧʱ
ǧʱֻ߿󲿷գҪǧʱŹɽ磬壬Ҳֻһ˿֮Уʱա¡ȥδ컯ȵ
ʱգ
£
ȥ
δ
컯
ǲˣΣϾȻйЩ̫ͨˣ治ҡͷ
ֵСǧֻߣ֮ܣԿʼĴǧҲǰ֮ᶴϤȥδὥߵ޵ôǧҲ֪ʯܣ
ʯܣڷ壬Ǹ彫ʯ׷ΪʥĪйأ뵽С뵽Ǹ塣
ʲô壿ֻˣõһ㷨ӳ֣ӵһЩˣػһ壬δǿȫȥҵ壬ˣɰһǿ󡢳ɳ
ȡ壿
ˣˣҾʹ˸ɣ
ô죿ﻹǰ
ʱδ޵ôǧʱʱ֮ܣʱҵμ棬Ǵμ棬Ӧþһμ棬ֻ֮Ե㻹ÿԼŬСǿ֤ԼΥ޳ϣûһɲ䣬Ϸ㡭
ˣ
Ӱһ̺Ȼʯ⣬ˡ
ʯںҲͻȻݶߣûһӦ
ˣ
һ̣ʯ֮УɳһЩģ飬ģǼκһ֡
ӦþߴĴǧʱ
񣬽ÿһķӡܴһҲ©һ޷ǧʱ


1724 ʥ־˵
һģ̤ƻ磬ǳâĻΣһӿüġ
ͨԪĵΪմǧʱΪңԪһ档
þ֮
ʯ׻ָâҲдǧʱͨԪ񣬼ӳڹĵ֮С
ԭֻʯ־ѡˣôһҪȥͥҵС
ͻƽһ̣û뵽ջ֪ʯϵõǧʱ
ϧ޷ʯ־øܣμһΣ־ʲô˼޵ýѲףεȾʯ־ٴγ֣
дĪɻֽʯٴηӡ
˿ƸԼɽȵȷӡ
֮ǰӡϾաǺһƣȥϷ硯΢΢ʵһЩ·ӡͳһ硣
ȻˣڶͥǿߣԼż֮УһҪõӡҵģбʯ֮󣬶֮ȫںϡ
һҲΪĴڡ
㣡
־ز̤ɣ֮иѪˣͬҬһ˿㱣
Ѫ֮жǴŰɫâѪʮѪѪâҲ仯ˣȻҲƫ򰵽ɫ
̤ɾ磬ҶԾһɱ䣬ǰѪǽɫѪɫɰɫǺεһо𽥻Ϊɫ
濴ѪݷԼΪ֮һ
һѪ֮У㣬Ҳӻɫһ㵭ɫ
һ΢΢־û뵽㾹Ȼ΢΢
õ飬֮еõ򽣬򽻯Ϊ󣬵һ־
ӦҲˣﻺζ־ǰתתƺƲʵλѪȫںϡ
Ҳ֮ʩչһ̫ӳӡԼ컯Ͼˣ
ںϸΪʱ˿̣ͻƽɣɱ䡣
һڴɣзںˣսںһΣ

˵սףΪΪҲ޷߶սףһֱûйע
Ҳ̤ɣҲߵķ
־ع鱾֮ͷĤ֮ǿѪҲŵɫâѪѾ֯һ̥ס
Ѫ֮£ǹսףؿǵӡ뵽սγɵġ
־ʼӿսףսɲǼӿƣһ⻯ΪһͻӰϴս֮ͷų
ˣΪλϷսں֮ʣƸˡ
黯ΪСкһƵһͯӡ
սף׵
۾սףþòŻعսףȻԽңʮңս׶֣̫ˣˣԶŷйʱ֮УҲҲֹϷ
ǵ۽׷ѵڵ۽֮ϣиķ
ȻУˣ̫ˣõ˹Ϸںܸоһʥ־ɲһͨһԶžͷйĴڣ·ںһ壬ѪԼϢһ
ΪѪߣӵа֮ѪսףԶƶɵĴڡ
ϧҲ֪սףȴ֪֮ɽ֮еİ֮һ
鿴ãŻصƸ֮С
սײͷһͻӰʵЩӿڣڵزѪ濴Ѫڷա
Ҳڲ֮־ڵһνս֮Уľǿ󷨣ϧֻܽ㣬ڲε޷֪
ս׵ȷƸ̫࣬ҵýգǿս׵ֵƣ
濪ʼȻֶʵߣʥ˵Ĵڣ֪ӡĴڣ
Ϣ֮ŻӦӡҵǲ֪
֮ǰҵ֪ӡҲǳϹʥ֣֮һһ˵֮࣬ӡˣƿһɽ磡
ƿһɽ磿ȷӦʥıǲ֪ģΪʥһͳʱϣսȻܴ󲿷ֺڰ䣬ս飬һʥ˿ٸռ䣬ӡ֮ƳģҲ֪
ԭˣ
ʥ˵λʵǹƲһ˵ӡƻúǵõ򣬵һܵõһʥйصĶͲˣǵõսףǵõӡʺԵ֣ʥ־֮У־ѣѡˣҲʥѡ֮ˣ


1725 ʹ÷
ҿɲӷɽ磬һֻ֪ڼӿޣܻδһ죬õʥҲ῿Լһǿ󣡡
ʥ˴־
ɸ𺳣Ҳֻ𺳰ˡ
ԭܼ򵥣вʥ˴緲磬Լǿ
ǿ󣬲ǿ
սף֣
һ֮
Ȼһ
ڴͨʱͻȻһɫսףǽͷţ̫һս
ϴ󡭡
Ҷ𺳿սףҲǵһĿս׵ơ
Ǻεȷ
ɿкܳһʱ䣬֪治ֶΣսҲǵһμڶͥٱûм˹ϡǿı
ҲУ
ɽ
ಭ׽
ħȦ
˱ս׹ϢѹÿҪϢȫţʱɱһ緢ܽɱ
桢ţһ̣ҲӷõԶŷһһͷų
Ҳڲѣţޱȵ⣬ţħɷ֮䡣
ǹϷҲйʱǴ֮Уǻʽףǵ۽׵߷ɿĽ
ͨҲֱ۾
ʥΪԽǲԽܿһЩĶ
ҺúԺкñ
ֽս𣬼սںϡ
ɰӡҲҪúʱѪ֮壬ɣ޵˵
֮ǰںϷ־ǧʱӡΪľͫ
ںˣ
ǹ
ѣҲҪӡΪ
ӡ߹̫ǽΪҪҲǳ
ͨȻָ룬ǿŴڵˣŴʥڵѾվųɣԺɡɶģ
ҴɹʵҪһʱڳ̫潣Ųɹ鷳Ӧǿߣϵӣʥɱģ
ҵ̫潣ţǻȥҲͻʥҲҪܳʱ
ȥ
Ȼڵûˣ͵뿪ͨɿֶ׹Ƕڡ
ʮϢԨ
˸ڰԨͼ޷ǵһĻ

Ȼһ̣ɫѪƣɡΧ
ɫѪǿй֦Ҷ֮УǷǿУʩչ뱾ͬ֡
ͨһҵĹԹ԰ˣĺڰֱһҿ㻹ʥ߶ȣҶ޷Ը
̫˼ˣɿʶҲֻ档
쿿ʮɾ˺Ѫ֮Уһ
ڰ
ٵһЩʱ򣬲ãҾܽɣ֮£һ
ϸϸһǰһѣȡ͸Σ
ȻԣҪȡͱǿиں꣬ӵ˵ɻȱ
û⣡
ͨǰи
ֻʥΪɿӵн۷壬ʥ廹ǲͨǰ
ͨʲãڼǰӡһָгӦһ
Ŵʮɵ棬ָһɱ棬ʯ֮С
иʯٶȺܾˣҲ̫̣ʥ֮£ͨ
ȼϢ󣬽ȻΪǿҿҿиٶ˴룬ɿ󿿽һʯ𿪣·Ȼ΢΢Щɫһ
иϣٶȺʮиһȥͨҪʮ꣬ܽи
׾룬·֪ж
ؼͨͻʥаԪҪиҲȻ
Īż취
գͨʵи
֮ǰɽ١ͻƶԸѾȥʱ⣬ͨиȥĲ˵Ҫʮʱ⣬ץʱ䣬ǿͨʱҲﲻæ
ҪǴﵽʥ
߳棬ʵȻʥδﵽǸ߶ȣصǴҲ޷ͨ
ô죿
ˣᵱǸһǵһϵӣԳΪȻʥһ죬ӦŶΪ
ʩչڿһʥǿߴ֣ͨͨӳ֣ܴﵽʥ죬ôиٶҲʮ

ֻһʹ÷͵Ƿһ飬˺Ƿ˼ҵģû취ˣǷҲ͵Ƿɹûʱԥ
ץͨƬ̡


1726 
ͨɾ󣬽߹ֶ֣ͨϷͷŶ컯շ
ͨҲʩչ컯һ˲䣬֮ӿ˶ԣһ
ͨʮͨʥ
ȥ
ȦָͨһȦڳ֮£Ϊһ֮
һУ䣬и
ò˶ãܽи
ͬʱɹ
һ֮УŮӣϢ
ڲһڣΪϵӵĳᣬĳطӡʱһ޵ʹâӿڡ
ˣ
һȻһ
ֹͣһϳһư⡣
澹ȻʹǵĪĳΣղɣȥأȻ¶֣ǵӦÿһ֮
صؿ󷨣ʱҲûʱϹȥǷߣȻǧգһӦҲȥ
ᣬʱ񣿡һΪŮӳǰʹâ
ἱæףعǵոˣӦһΣգ
ƽΪߣעȳҪȹѣѸһ͵Գ֣ܰһξˣĪȥ룬Ȼѡǣ͵Щ
ǣ
ںϣ̫潣ڰɱҸӣϵҲȳ֣ͻһ磬԰Ӷȹⳡˣ
ףл
ٷ֮£ͷ־ʹâ
أΧ
ºڰռ䣬иγɴǣһʱ佫ڰռһнʮµؿ߿ռ䡣
ͨóиѾһ룡
ʱ濴ϣͽעڷϡ
ͿҪȫûΪɣϷ֦ҶѪ˼飡
֮ǰǳ磬ҲǺڰа
һˣȻҲǺڰģϢѪҶǷϤϢ
ʱѾΪ֦Ҷ·ǻŵĳߣΧ
һĻҲ΢΢̲סݣЩߣ㶼Կ
һɺڰâ˵ģ֮ǰñȻҼȻһ״̬ҲԱ״̬ǵɽ𣿡
Žӣƺ˱
ҾûаѱֻǽڣñѪںϰˣñһʱ䣬ͬʱʿɡͬûڲͬںϣȱ𣬽ʱԼֱʽٶȱΪˣ
⵹١
ųԾ֮ɫȷ뵽Щ档
Ϊֻͳˡ
쿿ҲãͲٵ㣡
ɣһֱǸ飺ԱѪҵʶҲһ֣Ҿ㣬ӵǰ󲿷ּ䣬ʴ㲻õңģҶкڰ˵ģͽ
ɡѹڰԺΟǿߣҾͲˣԶԸڰʵӦôﵽλʥ߶ȣʮ֮⣬ȴš
ҲŷΪɫѪˮӿڣ֦Ҷɡ֮С
꣡
¡
Լ
ͨɹиɣ۵ÿ첻ˣԳҲֻʣһ㣬ñָ
ˣҲϳɹ
֪ͨиͻȻкɫѪˮ֮ǰٱٶȣǿйڡ

ˣʣǻһ֦ҶЩٴſ죬ܿѪ⣬۾ҲѪ⡣
ˣ
Ƿˣ
𣡡
һ֮룬ͻȻ߳򣬽ϵشӵǿ̧ߡ
һ׾޴ɫǰһƷʴﵽƷ
ȥκδ֮ǰѡط
û
֮뿪ʼһƣ󲻼ͻȻպڰ档
˲״̬ڷ£Ϊһꡣ

ͨ۾Ϊ̫̫֮˼ˣƿر仯˷ӵ
ǰ湪𣬴ʱʼѳɹΪķӴ֣ݺɽ޵֣
ڣһԱߣȸϻɹ˵ҶҪʱȽȥƸһӣ
һͽ֮Уɿͨʧںڰؿߡ
ڵ棬뿪֮ʣЩУ
ＸһԽδ٣һʵҲʥ
ʵٶҲΧ죬Ѿȥǧ֮⡣


1727 ˮ
º
ҾͿ̤ɹؽ磬ͨͷʥͨѾɣȡϵҲɹǷӭӡ
ڽɹؽ磬⣬ٶȷ˫ͫ˸𣺡ˣǰд̫潣šɹӡ
浱ںϸӦʮʮʮ⣡
ڽʮһȺɽֺǧ̫潣ŵӣϵӴ£Χɱɹӡ
ɹҲʥ֣ΪԼϢ̫潣ţ̫潣֮УһΪʥϢǳаĸ֡
Ǻڰħǿߣͨһ˲䣬ʥΪҲʮ⶯
ӦԺڰǿߣ̫潣֣ɹֻˣ̫潣Żþ綾Ըɹ֣ҸϹȥɱһֲ˾
ڰǿ𣿡
ͨ˲Խ۷ٶȣ˹ȥ
ֻʮϢ
Ϣ䣬˾ɽֺ٣Ѫڰվòɢ
ͨ棺Ѹɣ£֪ͨɹԮ֣ǧ̫潣ŵӣǶ֣ȻʥһѶԸĺڰ֣
ɱɱɹ֧Ԯ֮ǰһҪǣ涶֣ҳȥ
ಣ
һӰҲһࡣ
ڰ
ϤĺڰϢкڰ𣿡ֶȻ˹ȥ

ֺʯҶż˶硣
һ֮Уܵһ̫潣šɹӹע
ɹӣ̫潣ǿߺò״ᣬɹǧӡ
Ƿͨ桢ɿ˶İȻ̫潣ŵӡ
Ҽˣϴδģɱ֮УɱǲˣǼ۵ӣ̫潣һλϳͨ
۵ӣ̫潣Ŷ˴Ц

Сһ֣ٶ̫ˣһʮ̫潣ŵΧǽɵӻɣ˲䱻һɰϢ˹
һ̫潣ŵӶˣΪѾͷžΪһ
֣һ
̫潣Žɸ֣ɲǴ߶ɽ
ɽϣǿ֮£ΪһȦתն
¡
һɫƣӰɷ֮УмɽγɵĽɽһڿɡ
ţһǼɻδüԿɽ𵴴ͱУһսɱΪһ⡣
ۣ
һҲɱ˹һƬâһɽƣɱһЩɹΧЩΧɱǵ̫潣ŵӺɡ
⡢۵ӣһʵŽ۷尡
ǰ󲻵Ϣˣ̫潣žнٸֱɱ
ǱɱǿһҲû֮ǰǸһǲ
Īţɸ֣
̫潣Ŵ󲿷ָ֣Χɱɹӣɱʱ̶ɹŮ䡣
Ǿͱ̫潣Żѹ
һϵӣۣһ߳һʥ׸Ʒʷ
ιֿң
ս֮ϣ̫潣ẉ̂ͨѾɫֽʥǰ
ÿٶȣ
̫潣ϵһЩëˣ
ƺħϢΪҪɹЩŮӣɶħⶦԶʮ֮Уһˣаسͨ΢Цš
Ը
ȻҲԽ̫潣ǿߣս֮Ϸ
Էһָһʮˡ
Ŷ
һͱȼͨΪ𺳣ⷽκڰϵħ֣ǶʶҶǡˮšķħ֣Ҳõڰǿ𣿡
룡ԦķӦһ䡣
˻ǲǴӷϸовҺˮԺڰľͷͳ죬ԼǣһΪⷽŮӶūǵⶦ
һֶû˵
ɱΧʮ¸֣ɱ
¡
·
һƬɱ罾һգɱһΧɹΧ
ɱЩ̫潣ŵӣ
תڽס̫潣Ŵ֮ʣ·ɰܾɹŮӣĪҪţǼϵӳµӣұ󷨼ɣ̫潣ǧ˽Ǽ˶Ը
ǿ󡭡
ƽʱ浱ôˣⷬ˵ĻȻһۡ
־͵ס̫潣Źƣʵȫڳÿӡ
ԭǳʦ¸ͽлǣе󳷡
ʱӸմȾ綾ŮӣĹɫ㣬ľޡ
ϵӡ
䣡
һ
һƬڰ֮ը
ԭʮɱʮ֮⣬׷׷ըһɡ
˲ʬҲһģ
ˣɱ˲һУһָӡ
ҡҿǺˮǿߣʥһΪڰͷѡСץһ
ΪϤͨʩչǸ


1728 ǷĲ
䣡
񱬷ޱߺڰڳ̫潣šɹ󲿷ֵӶȻ
ССֲ񣬿㣡ΪһӰȥ
Ҳȫ߶ޱߺڰӿΪһǽҪѹҾͲţ֣ҽѹٿӲ
Ȼڰǽ֮£̫СҲ
ֻһĳڰǽȻûѪѡ
㡢ƺֻǽɰǸһ£һ仰㱬ըΪһƬѪ衣
ã
ɹٵӿʼף
Ҫץ̫潣ٵӣȻҸһԨʩչʱһȥɹ㣡
̫潣һͷ
һ£洫֮ͷ˳
;֮κһ̫潣Žɸ֣ûгʱ䣬Ժڰӹ׷ױġ
ɹ֮أҲһ̫潣ŵӡ
ħ
ӣӰ
Ϣ̫潣Ŷǿߣ֮˱ѹ
Ǻεʵ
ȻͨϵӣЩʥеʵ
̫潣ŵӷӦ֮ʣ̫ˣᵽֲ֮
֮أƺɨΧףһŴ̫潣žͳûһߡ
Ҳ̫ǿˡ
ɱལԽһ죬סٽɸֹƣҲɱһֽɡ
ɿ桢ţֶδʩչΧԴŵ̫潣Χ׷½ء
ͨԸһǿߡ
̫潣ֻһϸ֣һЩɿʼߡ
ҲͨǶ֣ûӶԸʥǿߣǷ
еʤ׷ɱ̫潣Ųлӣ
ɹϵӣҲ׼ʱ߶ƺ´ٵӲƣƴʢ桢ɱӪ֮С

ӳΧǸϵӣ߻ʮ洫ӣ̫潣žӢ
ӳȥˣһɱϢ֪Ǹûˡ
ϵɫһһ㣬һɺڰнһ֮С
ٶˣһӡ
һӰȻʧֺ
ҴҼ䣬ͽ̫潣Ծ׺޵ֶΣѹˣص̫潣ʥͷˡ
ǱͨΧɱǱѹкڰǿߡ
ʣЩͨɡɡɵӣɹʥӴ췴²ܡ
ɹ󲿷ֶŮӣһɲĴ̫֮潣źм֮ţЩòɫŮӣ˾ɱ̫潣ŵģҲС
ʲô
治ʩչȫ֣ɹƿش֣
ʥŮӷһҲûԼʥͷҲϿһ۵ʵ
񣺡棬õչˣĿǰУ
û뵽ʦ£ӵʥΪ۵ʲôʱЩϵӻҪ
Ů㲣ʱƶӢˣЩߡ
ЩŮӺٳӽӴ֮٣ᡢΪӣǲⴺĵ
㣬ͨ桢ɿ󡢺ţ£̫潣ʣٵӴ󲿷ֱɱ
ֻʣһɣ̫СˣһС
ӿʼսͨɿˣԳΪɹŮһ𾴶
ಣ
ɣˣ
ֹһˣžȻǳᣬмϵӣԼ洫Ӹ֧Ԯ
Ǹʱȴɹս̫潣ŵʬ塣
Ȼͨϵӣϵǰ񣬵֪ţִЩʬ壬صɹ
ʬڷ棬Ҳһˣصɹȥһ
û뵽겻̤ɣ˶ǽʥʵǻһʥͷ
ɹϵһʥѰʱɶڡ
㹬ڣͨɿ󡢺桢ţվڵУϷֻгһˡ
ѿΪʮֲ졣
򵥽֮ã߳ᣬȻû˵ڰűǿֻǵõһЩˡ
Ҳû׷ʣ֮
ͻȻ棬һ䣬̫潣һδͻ۲ٵӣ̫潣ڰˮںϣˮ⼸ζռϷ磬ϵӶ䣬̫潣ŻһδˣƻˮŽɹһ򾡣ƾʮ䣬ϴ㶯Ҹǵûʱȥ㣬ɹϾ
ӦλʥʥڣɹȻӦһ䡣
Ҳף˵ЩҲȻԭɹһδ٣ɹӹˣ۵һӣ̫潣ˮɱɹǱˮһսϣһΣó汾£ɹһɹ


1729 
ⲻ⣬ǶɹӣϰűǣҵȾ飡
ȵľ仰̫潣ˮǱΪ飬úڰ޼ɣѾԮעأΪһδѾͥǿߡͥǿߣиΪǿڰǿҲǱء
ڰǿǱأ
Ѳܣǰʹߣ·ͥڰˮһа֮۳ɣҲһЩԺڰǿߣһսҲҲ䣬ܶɹӶҲԼһ񣬶̫潣Ž²ЩŮӣ͸ˮţһ
˵һ˫¶ŭ𣺡ҽӵһɹ֮´ҴǱˮӪͬţһһЩϵӣϣҲȥִ񡣡
Ǳˮžˣ
Ȼɲһ£ѵĻɹһϵӾˣΪλóɹȥִУ
ɹ֮ϻе̵ӣֵ䣬ɹǲܳܵʧ
ˣͨĬɵôһЦ
£
ͻأ߳һųᣬȫǵһϵӣʲôʱ¹ӷ絽Ǹϴʲôʱ¹ԱǿٱǧǿУҲδ¹
ʰһˮˣͨʥƣ
ڼּĿ£ᱧȭϣӦ£Ҫʱ䣬ΪҵȲͻƲãɹһʱ侲ޣ֮ǶɱȥˮţӦͬţ
겻ɣҾ͸ʮ꣬ʮĽ죬ǣҲúʮ׼һӪȵҲ꣬걦ҩʮҩͨʥλ
һƬâӳš
澹Ȼһ걦ҩһ꣬ÿһ궼ž
ȲѪõҩһ㱦ҩȻ١
ɹе̣һϵó걦ҩ
ҲûȻҪˣҪðգҩ͵ѣҪԴ
ỹƸǼˣϵɽУǴ󲿷洫ӶӵеĴ
֮Ҫȥ̫潣šˮţԺˮŻǺ˽⣬ʱ䣬ȥˮẉ̂
ھ֮Уͷ֮Ǳ޵ķ
ͻƽɶ䣬ʮʱ䣬׾ͻλɣ̤ʥҪУ̫潣šˮžͽԸһ㲻
ֿһ꣬Ȼͻƽɶ졣
Ȼ̫潣ٵйأôʬ壬ַʽٶȹȻֲ
һӴʥ̤֮ʥҲΪ档
ǡ
ڣͨɿ桢ţֶڷںϱҩ鵤
Ʒ鵤ʮꡣ
Ҳǿ
ҲںӡɽƸɫ㣬־ǧʱΪ
ո£ԽСǧϴǧʱ֮ʡ
ȻӦ桢ͨɿ󡢺ţϣͷһɹ絹ӰһĺӰ
ɽ磬һӦڷҲйһӦ֮⻹ǵһθӦǿҡʵ
֮
ԭ޵
ǧʱȻޱȣ֮ǰСǧֻо΢΢û뵽ոǧʱܿʵ
ΧͷЩӰǶǷͬ𾴡ҳϡζ
֪ˣ滹δΪû˿
Ϊɣɱ̫ˣһоԽΪ
ٸӦȫ˲򡢷ࡢ𵤣תͷŰɫâ
ٴδһعģǧʱͨԪĵ·Ԫ档
ΪǿҸӦͨɿ󡢴ȥЩӰ¶һס
״νʵ
ˣ
ڴǧʱΪͷųȥû뵽ԼϣҲһ˿˿Ϣӿɹ
ȥͷгϢԼɣµȵӿɹ
Ȼ̫ǿң̫࣬˿ɹ˷վۼɹ
ɹµǷǳŽᣬ˶šŷɹ֮ЩǱɹϹȥġ
ϧˣǿ֪Ϊεȳ̶ȡ
ȻʵӦÿ˰ɣ
һõ뷨ȻϮ

УڷҲԹ
κ㣬뷨ʵǱۣ̤ɣټκɽ磬һǿߡ


1730 ֮
ּ֮õʯ־жĴǧʱ·һ٣Լʱˣ
ȴͨƿؿʼ
־ͬʱ𵤾ԴȪǧʱִӸ
ɿ֪֮ǰȡһЩ顣
ǿֻ֮ͥĴڣǰǸˣ޷ҲɿҲͦΡ
ֻ֤ߣȻɽ֮еİ
ʥ
ǳԽʥ򱶵ľͷ
ֻԼˡ
չͨԪĵ£˵ϼӳԴǧʱع
ĿͨȻĵһ˿˿ؼӳͨʵΧ
û롭
ЧͳˣͨǺӰȻػζ΢΢ͷһ˿˿Ϣ
Ȼֻһ˿˿֮
صõջͨһû뵽־ٶȣһ㣬ΧҲһЩ
ã̾ϢԼûΪΧٶȻһ
ã
Ī״̬ɣŻȻһžϲͨǺӰ
Ҳһ˿˿
ֻҪ߶ĵ£̺һЩǧʱͨǷһ˿˿˿ӿڡ
ʱⲻȥû뵽һ˿˿ڣΧٶȣһЩȻ̫죬˱仯
ԴǱŻɣǰǰʮΣÿһζˣȻԶ˰
񰡣˲˼ֲ˶޷ƿأƿأǿٶȣһ¡Լ뷨ӿ֡
Ҳͨʥб仯ٿɿϣʲô仯
ע桢ɿ󡢺ţϡ
ЩӰڹĵԼǧʱ΢΢ת֮£һ˿˿ҲԹӿٶȷǳ
ʵ뻹δմǧʱĪϵ
ˣ
ӳϣΪб仯һΧٶȣͨǻٶȻһЩ
ΪתٶȣҲӿһЩ
һ⡢Ȼˣ֮
ԴĿ࣬òŻ
ðһɻ󣺡Ұܴǻ᲻ٶȣ
Դˣ뵽һ㣬ʼͬʱ
ռٶȱ֮ǰӿһЩҲ٣Ԧ˽
һ˿˿ٶȼӿ潫עͨϡ
ٶȣûб仯״̬Ȼ
ĪԼˣ
Ϣ֮ӿǧʱ߶ٶȼӿһЩһ˿˿ϺӰð
һΣȴãͿΧٶȣּٶȣҲڷ
ƺڼ״̬£һܵӰ졣
ֻ˾ûз⣬ֻ΢΢ϡһЩ̫ԡ
ȻȻаҲкٶȣѭ򽥽մôܵӰ졣
Ǵ֮УǶΧļԦԼУٶܵӰ졣
̫ˣǧʱ񰡣ǿӰκУ
һһȼһδγաաԦȽ١
һ̵棬ϲ֮дȡ
˫֮ͫжǿȣǶڴ
ʱ䣬һ뾫棬һںɱʣľڶͨ档
ˡ
Ȼ俴ͨˣǺӰ΢΢һץ΢΢
뿪ͱ֮У·ͨûС֮Ԫ
޵ģԪƣһ壬չǧʱֻҪһ׽ͨ󲿷ָ
ˣΪͻأһʱ֮ͨУɻ档
ûпΪҲֻԸӦ뿴
ȵȣ
ּһϢصϡ
Ϣͨ־ϲͷˣô£һĳ֮ͨУȻӳϣֱͨδţ
Ҳֻһְˣ
Ȼ䣬ֽĿ⿴֮
ϵ


1731 ɶ
ӦòᣬֻԼˣӦҲһЩ
ſʼ
ʼۣ֮߶ǧʱĵžա
ܿʹȻգκֻһ˿˿Ӱ˷΢΢Ưţٶɹӿȥ

濪ʼںϽ𵤣Խͷ
̤δʩչܶһͨǵһʩչ
ӽ֮͸󷨼ӳֳȥΧһɡɡɿռϢȻ
ƴһգһ֮УһȴƣȻ֮лƶ
Ϊ޷һĻò˼飬֮ǰû뵽һ㡣
Ϊ֮У֮һжΪʩչƿأˣȻԽ֮⡣
ѵǴ󲿷ˣ޷ԵʣΪԽȻκ֮⣬޷ƿأ
ˣ
ֽ򳷻ֱӽĵͷųȥ
ģܸӦһ֮ڣκڣʼдǧʱһ˿˿ɫһϪ֧ӿ
ɹˣԼˣҲİ˵
һо״̬õһ˿ġ
߶ǧʱԵʡ
ҽΪ޷ʩչǧʱһҿȴҲɣֻѭ򽥽ܿƴԼգ
һԣղٹ顣
һۣƺءޡ
ˡ
һӿһ̣汾ڽٶȣʱ
תӿ죬͵ٶߣѪѪѪٶȶ
мӿ죬ͳͳӿ֮Уתٶһ
͵һﷶΧýٶһȻȫٶҲһ
Ⳣԣһ
û뵽ٶȣƽʱҲӿһ˲䣬ڲһˡ
Ϊˣ
òԾһҲ
ͨߺһõģһž֮ͨӰ졢ǣԼΧȻռ䡣
ȴ̫ͨˣ
Ӱ쵽ǣ˲һƬ
ţھΪ˵ͬʱٿƯϷ棬·Ӳʶһ㡣
һ̣Ȼڴ߶ǧʱһδγţһ֮Щǿҵ
Щ֮У治о֮ܿУһӵסݡ
·ʱػߣһеףÿһ˶Ӧ֮С
ֹȥ꣡
̫ˣ޷ʱ߶ǧʱҵͻƣ̫ڽ𵤶ͻƽɶ˵
֪ǰȥ꣡
֮֮У̼ɲ١
ٲ鿴״
ڶһƵۣ·Ҫѿһ㣬Χ˲磬ҲԪ
ʼȫһ۷塭
鵤һȫѪ
ֽʶͶֿڽ𵤸һЩŽǡս졢սֱ׵硢ɽƯš
ǾѪɫ࣡
ѪɫࡢԼоҲһжںԺ򡢷Ҳһ
ͻƽѵʱ䡢͸
ڽڲ֮У򽡢ӡǣһڽڲγɡ
Щ֮Ҳ̺Ѫħ컯־ǧʱ߲Ԫӡǵȵ
𵤾ԴȪ
ž
Ϊ̫һ۷壬ڲϸ΢Ѫ޷ɳȣ֮С
꣡
ãһɽ˫ͫ
ŴƣͷϱŲѪ
ֲʼգһҲѪ飬ӭͻơ
˲֮Уֹͣתû뵽ڲҲдϸ΢ıըͻγһ
Ѫ𵤡ͨԪڷСС顢ըͻ޴ڡ
֮ӭ潫걦ҩϧȥϲƷҩԼѪֲϴһ죬һδ
ҲӿѪգѪ״̬
ҲڴʱҲڿʼͻƣҪԭΪ걦ҩ
ֻͨһûͻƣ̤ʥ֮ͱȽѱٶ
ںϱҩԼԴȳһʱڣܳͻʥһ졣
ͻˣ
ɶ죡
º
عϢҲָ
ͷϢ֮󣬱֮ǰǿ̫ˣƷ·սЩҪХ䡣
鿴𵤣֮ǰǽƵֳۣһ
һ״̬ۣ˵ھǽɶΪһ۴һͻƣһνٱ䡣


1732 ϵͬ
вʱ䣬ҪԼִڣһҪﵽɶʵñҩʣһƷ鵤ѪӦò⣬ֻǽѪˣƷ鵤ֻܹʮ
̤֮Ҳζ⵰
־ԽΪԴں£ٶȼӿ죬ΪԴʼС
ַںϣα仯Ͳˣһ෨ںϣҪ̤ʥһ̣Żдɱ䡣
ʵҲ̤ʥ߶ȣɿʵͨ£˭ռ꾫󲿷ֶǸԵˣи־Դǿˡ

ת۶
һϢ۵˶
ִ׼úԭǳᴫ
Ҳζŵָʮһζ
׼úѹǿϢͨϵӵϷ
һ̣ǰۼˣ˶ʥΪȻϵӡ
ͨɨһۣи棺Ϊôʥһ쵽죬ûλʥ
ʥһ죬֮ͥеǿߣȥκɳǣǶǿȳĴڣ˲Ϣϵǰ
ɣֻһʥ
ʥӣһӣǸӣһԵٷ磬罾¡
ȿˣʧλŮʥͷҲһں
ɱϺȣӹͨЦ
ûУǽɣʥǰϡ
Ȼ˶ˣ׼
һŮ
ᡣ
Ϣ⻪Ӵɳϵѹ֡
ʦ㣡
ϵһ
λʥò
ϣȻˣȴֻ΢΢ס
һٶʥӴΪԾֱޱȡ
ָ桢ͨųŭȣϵӣǾȻ¹˵ɳ
һŮҲǳȥȻУλϣĿ޷ͣɹǱµӣڹ棬ѵ棬𵤶ȡش飬Ϊˣ
Ǻǡ
һУ⣺λʥ磬Լɹˣ
󵨣
⼸ʥҲŭˡ
֮ǰǾˣ½ӣҲͰˣϾгᣬ˵ĮϵӣǶԣҲĪơ
ͨһ࣬һɨʥǶɹӣҼ˲ǼƽϣӳϺΪɹЧƤΪɹЧ
óʦ֣Ҫˡ
˵½ʦܣĪ֣ǼһΪɹľˣĮڹ棬ֱӻϣ
ʦ㡭ʥľͷڵ
ʱ·ϣȻܱϵˡģ
ʦ㣬Ǽִ񼴿ɣǼɣһʥȥ˰Ҳ󣬷£λ½ӿ
ŮʥӣҲͶȥĬĿ⡣
ȻУЩʥҲ޷˵ᣬһ·ż˷ɹ
ڣԽٶȲϽǧɽ
ҵʱǵɡ
ǧɽ׳֣Ҳ뵽ɽ磬̤ɹǧɽչһδա
ڸͷŸӦŷƬȺɽѱ̫潣ռ졣
һдаϢ󲿷ֶǺڰ
𣡡
ĳطдɱ̫潣šˮʿ֪̫潣ˮռֽ͸ˮţˮϳƬɽ֮С
ϳͺãڰмӦӷںˮϢ
һ̣ʥһȣȡһڲչǧɽڲͼ
ָһ꣬ˣѻϤˮźпܣѨɽ֮УͬʱҲ̫潣ϣĥʯŴǧӣԱںˮ
Һ̫潣񽫴󲿷ֵӣɹǧɽֻм̫潣ŵӣˮŵӵǷǳ࣡һŮʥһ䡣
ĬƬֵ̣Ǿˣˮţռض̫潣šˮӦò֪Щض̽ηǿǱЩضˮ֮Уȴӵضȥҵűصӵص㣬취־ˡ
λ½յӵضʮһ˽һҵŵӦò̫ѣͲ֪ˮжǿߡ
ϢһǾȥҵضɪɪһɨˣұΧ£ɡ
һԲҴ⣬ǧɽ̫潣ẉ̂һ©ټػҵˮš̫潣Χɱ
𣡡
ɽڣ˽Ӧɽǳȼʥʱʱ̿ᾫ


1733 Կǰ
һսһѪսЩǿҪûģںϷս
ԺִԪҪģˮŻǿߵģǿߣЩڽĳʽֻҪʱˣ뿪ⲻ󡣡
ĳʽ
ڰǿǣͨһõڰǿͷӳ֣յõڰ
棬ҸӦһ
зڰߣ滹ǾýһȽϺá
ڲԶͷ츳
ֻ֪Ǵȴ֪ޣӲ֪кβ
һɲǣﵽʥʵͷų츳ӦͨԪӿӰ
Ҳ˼£ԽɶΪܴﵽ졢ʵ
츳չΧڣǻҰɫûκɫʣһЩ桢ڻɫ㣬ڻɫӦƶ

ʮ
ʮ￪⣬ȸӦһٶ̫潣ţһɽΧʥ
̫潣ǿߣ˸ӦٴνɽͷһڰϢͨ࣬ɽ֮ͷųٵ֮С
мڰϢ˫ޡΟֺڰϢһģһǾԺڰǿߡ
ǧ̫潣ǧˣˮһǧңһ͸ȥϢҲ̫аҵĸӦ潥ջظӦ
ˣžʥӣҲԸӦ˾壺ｨһطҲֻдӵضǱ룬ɽɽˣ
Լ󣬳ͷڿɽ
ʮ⣬ҲӦ̫潣šˮǿߣڼ⡣
һɷ棬һ֮£ʥΧӲݡ֮ʩչط
һЩʯƿȻ¶ʮضÿضһɴ㹻һ˿ա
ȸӦһʥӡ
һ̣һҲʩչӦ
һͷ츳ӦȽһض
ԼһЩ׹ǣȥʱ¶һ˿£ϧֻܸӦԶ󷨷ӡ
ӦضȥһʱӦ֮ʥӣỹڸӦ֮С
ˣ
ͨп棺֪ΪΣҸоһ޵ĺڰϢ̫ʵӦ֮󣬾ȻҴһУҲˮ֮УǲͷҲ˵Ǵȥûһգ
Ҷþ˾ȳ֮ǰٶ֣桢Οɽ䡢Ѫˡȵȣǲƽٶ̤ʥɣֻΣ֮ĥܸǿ󣡡
ǿ
ҪУҪ֪̫潣šˮ֣һɹ޷ԿǼ˶ôС
ǿǱȻģ֪ΣգȻҪȥˣǷߣǵġ
ͨ޻˵Ҳ˵̫еһ·ϣ֤ˣδͨɣӵʥʵ
ʦ㣬޷Ӧ̫Ӧû⣡
ʱʥӣͬʱѹϢһͬᡣ
½е緢ȥ̽·ȥض˵ܽˮŸء
ҲȥĴʥŮҲ
ϣ
ʥԸ֮ʣվ˳󲿷ֵض壬ֻһض˳ͨˮţҲɽȣض̫Σˣ
˵ָ꣬һض
½һƣЦС֮ţϵӶδӦ壬һܸӦüΪʥ졢죡
ʦ㣬һ˽һض壬Ҳ̽һ̽һŮҲ档
ţҲһ۵ӣҲգϣ
ʱ˶ǸЦ滹Ǳ񣺡λ½ϣȥضһ⣬û壬Ǿͽȥ壬֤ҵĲ²⣡
ã
½յˬ֣ǾͶһѣû壬Ӵ˱ǰϻ壬Ҳٵǰϻ
û⣡ֿᡣ
ῴˣִǶһ˽ȥ̽·ȷ֮ѡ½ΣһˣҪСģ
ߣСӵţ
ಣ
½һͷһض
ضطǳ½һȥӶˣſЦҲҪѵȺˡ
Ψгɫδ䡣
㣡
Լһ󣬺¡һӵض
ʥӷ׷ץɱ
꣡
һӰǱŶɳ½Ρ
ϵ۱綾ʴ˫ҲմһЩħǾ綾źڰһԺڰ硣
Ҷ㻯綾
룬Ψˣϵֳ½λͷ棬Ц
һ½ʹһâѹȥ½ƿ֮С
һ̣Ҽʶһγ֣
ͷΪһɴ󣬾һƬ⣬½У½η·һʱգκϢˡ


1734 ǧʬ
ǺڰڱҲ޷ʴѹС
ϢҲûκһƬһɶʿռ䡣
ֿʼץһּ½Ͼ綾һӡɣΪ
ͨλʥλʥʵҲ̫ǿˡĬĬעš
˾˵壬һͷȥѰ
»ϴĻ𣿡
СȻ½֮Աǡ
ĸʥŮ½ǲһƢҲûС
½εһððʧʧȥضǼ˶ȥˣô³һҡ
һʱڰ綾ǲҲΪŽž綾ġ
лʦ㣡½μù£˫ֻһЩ綾һ
᲻Ϊ˵˵ղʲô
½ʵش𣺡ҾҪڵأû뵽һ磬ʱҺ£޷ܡ
ˣʵԷӳʥʵǣҲСĺˮš̫潣ųţ
´½ξʵʵٶ˵һԡ
棬Ǿģضһ̣û˿ԥȻѡ档
ĴʥûˣҲ桢ͨǰǰһض֮С
桭
½ڷ֮ţ޵ҧгݣȴֻ鵤ҳΧһ㶯Ҳŵòᡣ
ض֮У
ضͨ˹ģȽƽ
˲ҷɣ¸˺󷽣ҲΧ
漸˾գ˫ͷŵâϴ󣬵ضڵأﶼǺڰϢҲӦһ˿˿ɹϢЩŮӣ
ȸ㶨壡
ˣ
˵棬ҲоŨҺڰϢϴ˿˿͸
һ̵ضһͨڰͨ
ڣʾ⣬ǰΪһΪؿߣ￴û⣬ͷһ⣬һסˡ
ǵؿϷƯһ㵭󷨹Ȧ⣬ǹȦ޷ۣӦ֣صʮ
ʦ㣬Ȼ壬Щ綾룡
һŮʥӣΪ٣
֮󣬵һȥ֮⣬һ֮С
ʥǿһ̣ױҪԡ
һ֮Ůʥʩչ֮С
濴ﵽʥ۷塣
һڲӡڰ綾⣬ǵؽܷͨӡᱻڰ綾ʴ
û壬ǰؿȻڰ޹⣬Сǰ˶ʵ˵Ĵڡ
뿪ؿߣٽһСεضӦǰϢһˣ·ֺڰޱѹޱ߼ϮͬҲӦ̫潣šɹһЩϢ
ڳڡ
ڴһЩʯסûзʵͱ̫潣ŷЩضϾץ˲ɹӣôὫض˵ơ
͸ʯҿǰһɷ棬ΧһɽȣһλãﾹȻһƬشͷžӨâ

Ǵʮɵ涼ʯִڵΪ˵ǣϷһ󷨷ӡ
֮У֮оȻһڴޱߺڰϢͷų
ϧΧ̫ڰϢ޷Ӧ̫
ٿΧʱʱһЩˮš̫潣ŵѲ߾
Ӧͬλã
Ĵʥ׷ͷŸӦ
ҲͷųӦͷųȥǰɽȣȻڰҲӴشȺڰˡ
Ͼһ㹻ĥʯ
濴߿գԼϰѲߣɽȴʮʮ￪⣬иˮš̫潣ǿϢһɽһɹɿºڰϢ
ǺˮųѨ
ˣ֮У̫аˣӴϢעǴϡ
ӦȥϷźڰ󣬿һ̫ˡ
֮УȻƯŴɫҺ壬ҺɫҺ֮Уһ߾ʬ塣
ʬɹ̫潣ŵӣͨˣǧ֮ࡣ
ǧʬ󰡣
Ǻˮž͵һ󣬽ʬУڽĳʽɣ
㿴ǿڴϷһɽĺʯ
о˷֣ǿʯɿ˵Ǻڰһּʣ֮Ϊڰ֮ţ
ڰ֮ţ
һ
ͷŸӦȥȻǿڽ֮ϴϷȻһϤĺʯ
ʯһɶߣͲͨʯ
ڰ֮ţ
ڰ֮ɿ˵ֺڰ֮ţַͨɽͨڰ֮Ŵڰ磬ӿúڰǿߣӺڰ֮ͥ


1735 ħ߾
û뵽ܼһڰ֮ţֺڰ֮ںڰ磬ҲǲڣΪһССˮŻڣ
һæɿںϸӦ
ɿǴϷʯ滹Ҫ𺳣ڰ֮ţôһ飿
ˮϣڳһڴôʬӦһּʽֵĲıϣ
ˣ˰һڰǿߣͨ󣬻Ǽʬ壬߶ڰ֮ţõԺڰúڰǿߵõͥȻһһ󣬻ڰ֮ţɽǿ飬ҪһЩӲ
㿴ʲôˣ
һʲô鷢ˣˮһ󣬴ô£
ȷ
󣬾úţһˮŰˣҲ̫潣šɹǿ
ΪһӴ
һ̣ᰵи˴ڿȷŵӣҲһʯ֮Убŵӣˣܹˣ
ˣ
ȻÿˣξûκνݾϢͽ˾ȳȥܣǸȥˣܾȶپ;ȶ٣ض֮Уͽֻܾˣһֻ֣ܷЩˣȳЩ˾뿪ֻȳһһˮŵǿѾ󡭡
ÿ˶š
Ȼ淢֣Ŀʱʱ
עÿһοɫ벻
ˣ˵ǲҲܣ氵Ҳע⵽쳣
жʱһλʥ̶֮ܵһۣϳͨǺڰʥʶΪһλʥпҲܿԼǺڰ֮ţ
ᡭ
Ҫץʱ䣬ضûأΧѲϰˣһһһ
һһɳڡ
ĴʥŮӶЩʧ񣬷桢ͨһɳȥɿٶǰӦ
һʥŮӷɳȥҲֻ桢ͨ󷽣֮ǰʥƣ˲䵴Ȼ޴档
Ҳֲǡ
Ϊǳһ˲䣬ɽ֮УǿϢǹڰޱ˵ڰѹΪԪҲڲ
ˣ־ɱѲ߸֣һͷŸӦԷյ
ǼȻɽһ÷ӡĶڣɹԼϢͷų
ɿ󣡡
ɿ´
һĨʧˣɿٶ£Ӧôﵽλʥ߶ȡ
ɳһ࣬ǰͽһҧ飬Ҳ͸ĺڰӡɡ
ʥ桢ͨŸϹʥͷԪʯڣڲ˱ţҲ֨һ뿪ǡ
ɿҧһɲǼ䣬ʥͷ£һʧǣ׷ҸϷɳ
ʥŮӸѹƶڶŮʥӳˣǷضǷ
ͨΧæЩӳƾѾŻˣӳȥ
ԱƷǿдߡ
һ̣ɹŮӳһƼݣҲûжһʥӣǶĬĬᡣ
ܿӳһˣʥӴض
Ϊ̫ӳ޷ѹԽԽ붯ѹѹڰգһЩϢ·һӼž棬˷һ㡣
ಣ
ƷͻȻ֡
ʥŮԼӳˣҲ̫潣Ÿֳ֡
һ·ôӳʱǡ
ۣ
ϧſڣͱһ˲նͷ­
ӿٶȣ֮Уϵ
ϧʮϢӳⷽ棬ַѾǳԣʮͷźڰϢǿ߷

˻δͷһ
⣬ҼӿٶȣǱˣּڰͷųȥ
½һΧɱЩˮǿ߱նɱɺڰϢѾͷųȥ
ˣҲߣ
סʥŮӣҲ޷ٱ򾲣ѹ˲ǻǧˣͷԪӳ˿ٷߡ
Ҳ׼ã
桢ͨҲΧš
ûоȳЩˣӳڣ׷Ƕ˷Ǳȥ
ɹһʥӣһˣҺˮţ̫潣ţ
һڰĸߺ춯ذ汬
ᡭһ̻ûкˮš̫潣ǿɱһǳΧ֣赲Щɱ
ڲͬˣԷһͷѣѲǳһܿԵֵġ
ٶȣ˾Ҫض֮УΧʱһΧ֣һˮš̫潣ǿߣɱ
𣡡
ɹĴŮʥӣͻȻڰ֮УһϣĿɽնΧһڰա


1736 ϵ
ΧڰգһʱĴʥŮɱɽ֮ʣѷײˣһĴһΣһƶһ㣬γɽХ֮ơ
ңһضͻȻ󷽿ȥͨǸȥضһˣҵ̫潣ŻΧ£ʱʩչСʥ죬ҲӦ

ڰͻȻٵڰԼӰ
ˮš̫潣Ŵǿɱˣ
ʦ㣬쿴
̫ˣ
ƲϢ˾ͽΧ
ȻĴʥŮӻڵֵΧǿɱڣһˣ羪֮ʾҿǰա
һʽ⣬Ϊһﾪˡ
һʹâ룬ϡͷסϰǿ߹ơ
ǳʵһ֮Եֵ㡣
˿ߣȥ֧Ԯʦ㣡
һŮʥӣסȥ
ߣ
ʣŮʥӣ֮ǰԼٶһһض
ϴҲ߰ɣ
汣󼸸ضҲڶں档
ڽضһ̣ȻתͨѸȥڣϺ󣬻Ҳĳᣡ
֮ǰ˽ϺһʥȥԮ֣ϴҲ󣡡漱Ҫض
һзأ߰ɣīˣֻͻȻһƣضΧºʯϡ
תһ̣ûоȳǧˣ˷
ɱ˵
ʮӰ֣֮ǰĴʥŮͷɽԸЩˣһߣһʿˡ
ֻһɨЩĿײеĺˣ֪Ǻˮǿߡ

֮˲˳ʮˮǿΧ£ٶȷ˳ȥ
ಣ
ʮһԾȥлкüʥ
ʥͷٶȣ࣬΢΢һЩ
ӣ
ʮ̫潣ŵӣͳͳ̤ɽǰϺˮǿߣΧ档
һƳƶͷƣ֮Ͽ˫·˺ѿռ䣬˺ƣٶٴ
ڶ̫潣ŵ£һ˳ȥ
̫潣ҲʥϵӣˮżһʮʥĿ궼ϡ
˫һٶˣʮʥͷ֮ϣȻȥ׷ɱʥǿߣ׷ɱһɡ
Ȼˣ
ʥȥԸΪ룬λŮʥӣҲһٶΪʥжʮˡ
ɱ
̫潣żʥӣĳһƬ⣬նǰյ档
꣡꣡
ʥƣ˲ϢԽٶ屶Ѿɱ󷽣ƵڶϢٶȣҲܶʥ⹥ơ
ߣ
ͻȻһӰҲڰ֮УԾ
һˣֻǵջȭһѹ¡¡һը죬̫潣ʥЩ⣬ͳͳ̤
һɺڰƣԳԽλʥٶȣ˲ȥ߿֮С
濴ˣһԼ̫׼ʱˣ
ףʹȥ
ȻҡͷƬʹâ챻ڰɣгһŮʥӣҲҪȥܲˣ
Ҳ֮ȥǿϢ뿪ҪߣѣΧɱŮӶǺˮš̫潣ʥ֣ʥΪﵽʥ죬ΪʵߣοгԽʥĴڣǺˮǵϢһԽʥĺڰǿߣ֣Ƕ
ôУʹɱ䣬̫潣šˮǿɣ֪вʥ
вλʥʥ
һ롣
Ҳûԥһ࣬ٴͷźڰƣٶֱӴӽԽʥ
λʥٶȣϢ˳ɱˮš̫潣ϰٽɵΧ
ɹ֣
ӿƹŴ
Һˮš̫潣Ų𣿡ʥԾϰٽɵҲ֮ɱ
潫ʵ۷壬չΧڰϢڣǰΧ̫潣šˮŽɱֱһͷŭʨǰ̫潣Žɡ
һҲΣ
ЩһƣŷǽɣͳͳЦֹ
ͬʱɱǿǶ졢ɡ
ȭ
ƾȻΧʧ·ȭͷ֮С
¡¡
һȭ֮·һ˺ѷ籩ɹɱһ
˫ͷӿ˺ѷ籩ɲǼ佫Էƽ˳ɳԾ˲䣬ɱš
ѪըɳΪһƬ⡣
һȭɱɣ
Сˣɱ
Χ̫潣šˮһʱ䣬ȭסˡ
ƽɴһʮɱɽҪɱ档

һӰͨһ㣬ΪӰЩɽΧ
̣
һ˳ǰץʮڵؽ׵ʥɽ
ٿΧЩˮš̫潣ǿǰĻһɽ
ǣӰǷ˳ƶΧһ
ʮɽХɱʱΧһɿʼ׹ء


1737 ԭ
ҵģ
֮ǰǿֲٶȣ˳ȥ֮ǴӰ˹ЩˡʬԱӰûˡ
棬뿪Ϊλݲ𺳣߾ʹȳ⡣
洫ʦߣһˣܸ뿪ʦ㣬øһֶԸǿУ˶ڣʩչϻ֮ԽԼ
ҾҲ֧ȥĬˡ
ɱôǿߣһλʥ˵ʥҵԳ֣
ʥΧһͬ
ٶȿţΧɣľͷһ㡣
ʥһ˲ӽ֮桢Χ롣
һʥˮҺܿ컯Ϊ桢Уʰ
Ǿ鷳ˣߴʥںϵһ𣬱Ȼʥǰ
䣬ԣѾ޷Χ߹ʥɱɶǰ߹ʥƣڽΧȻռûʥ־Ȼ
ʥ̫󣬱˵𣬾һʥҲ޷ԸԼʵ
߸λʥ쵽죬ʲô
ȴһ
Ǻڰ֮У̰Цݣӣһ̤
ߴʥϢҪ˰Χ˲䣬ȻҲʩչȭ
ûǰڣǷγǻᣬҲںԹѧ
һȭ߹ںϷ
ֻž߹ɸոںһ򣬾ѷ죬ֻǷͨһȭڶϢΪʯһƬڶǿ£ΪƬ׹档
ߴ֮УҲѪ֮ɡ
ֻǰվס
ʦ㣬ҡ
˼ʣͻȻͷ
Ƭʹâڰѹƣ֮ʣһŮӱһѪ࣬մƳա
Ѫɽÿռ䶼飬һɱʹâ֮У֮ǰǸȥ֧ԮŮʥӣ֮˳

һˣ
°ӣϰһԳˣɶߣѪնɱŮʥھȻʬһڿ˺顣
һϵӣˡ
ǿ󣬶ǰԳڰǿ̫ǿ
ͷӲʥɽһ˰ԵŮʥԶԿ
᪴ˣǻɱˣ
̫潣ߴʥԳ
᪴ˡתϻ֮ǰŮʥѪǳӡ
ʥֵñ֣Գ˹
ǰ߶ƣ𣬾նɱЩˮǿߵ֪ˮǿߣˮǿ˶ʥ۷ΪԳӦþ֮һСԭ
ԭ
ôһ˵ּԭնɱɹŮһĻԳжײС
ǰ˺ѡպڰֱײԭɱ
濴ɱˣ𿪣˵أ
ԭǺڰ֮УǿߣͥͻȻ֣ƵҲǷǳа񡢺ڰ
ӭԭ
Сӣүүν˺飬һȥԭ⿴ˣϼ͸ŷջ棬һӿ˫֣ʱһץһʮɻ˲Ϣɱȥ
Ѫ
Ҳ֣һȦ֡
ټһƣû뵽Ѫɳ໥ȥһ̫ͼ
¡
Ҵ󲿷ͨںϣ˴졭ѪȻİѪǴûйġ
УԭֲһƷ֮ȫԽѪ顣
û뵽ǹѪУһ޷ݵܽǿնƽ顣
ԭֱƬɡ
ʦ㣡
ԭ
ȻԤ֮УԷΪȻǽɣ塢ȴǴﵽʥ߶ȡ
ǿ
һͨںʥ֮УʵȻǻء
ڷƶ£ٶȷǰƬڰûѹƵʹâ

ʹâ֮С
·һҫʹâڰΧɱƬһĿռ䣬ͻȻһ
һʱƹƹײʮڰ洫
ıġǵʽһҲİǿ֮߱Ľġ
ǿ֮߱˵ΪӳѶֶΡ
ʹâڰ˺ѳһӣɱͨһѪģӰӣԦһڲɽ
ᣡ
÷ٶߣ
Ҳһ̣ӳոշ󷽾һʥɱ̫潣ţҲͷа񡢺ڰˮǿߡ
ʮʥ
һŮӣʮʥΧɱܻ

һʥΪﵽʥ۷壬ԼԼ֮Уһͻʥﵽһ߶ȵƣ濴һĻǿסˡ
ǲȣԦٶȣһȥǺҲǿ׷ɱ


1738 ǿ

ɺٶȣһȥǰ׷ɱʱС
ʦ㣡
֮Уһʱס
ȫǽˣƿưԵȴѾڷձʮֲϣΪһʮ긾ˡ
潫סóѪһſιձСǧЩƣǻԻָСǧʩչ֮ԪҲǿԲ
Ȼˣ־øҷõҩκεҩҶûô㱦ҩҲУѾ߳ԷΪۣ߶ɽֵܼ񣬽㣬㡭Ӧķɣ
ֿںȻʥ۷ٶߡ
ΧǺˮš̫潣ǿߣ̫ˣ۷ٶȣҪӳȥҲǲܵġ
ʦ㣬ⵤҩΪպʦʲôܸ㲹һЩҲżģЩѾûõġ
𣿾ƷƷҩҲһΪģɾΪҲҷʧȥʮֻʣԶ»ţҲܽ޻ûָỹ
䣡
һƴײѹÿҪ顣
ۣ
ᱻ𵴣ٴѪ
濴ǰȻԭ·ϮɱǴﵽʥ۷ˮš̫潣롣
ʼջ޷ӳȥ
һƳԭԭΪ񣬵ȷǾһһ̫СˮţԭִӺڰͥĺڰǿߣڰֲ̫ˣ
ҲһڰǿߣʲôԭɱǣֻȴмЦ
㲻֪ԭһѾԽʥڰֿѹڰǿߣǾ͵ǣ
ɲһҲԱ˵ǿǣǶҶԣڰҲʲô
治ףǷһıߣǲ֪ߵغ񡭡
ճֻҡͷ
ҲΧ̫潣šˮŶٽΧֹɱʥɱ
ҵ
̶̼ϢɲٽѪ֮ԭ׼ţ߶Ҫˮš̫潣Ųһ·
û뵽ЩѪûκڴ£Ȼ֮ںϣ͸һɹɽ
Ѫ̫ϡˣʧҲֻ΢΢ͷϢ
Ѫڻ󣬴ϰٿŽѪ͸ɲһطն
԰ӣԼѪ˿ͫһâѪɫͷš
Ŀ⣬ŵĵҩΪΡΪֻƷҩƷʣȴ̺˲˼оԵҩʲôǱҩƺֱԽ
ȻãͶɣﻹѪԳãȻ֮С
ֻǰû֮ǰ㾪ˣϾʥ½ʥλʥԽɵȼԴ̫ˡ
óϰɡ
ɱɱӳȥ
磬ԭĳطʮʥԼٽɣͷŸ级˺ɱɱڰơ
ʥΧΧ֣⣬߶ɱͨɱ
һڶԸһһ㣡
֪Ϊ
ʼӡΧһ̫ͼ
ÿһ̫ͼȻѪѪ̫ͼڷΧתΪоٽɡʥơ
ֱӽɣ
汾޷ģΪ֮Ȼ̺ȴǿֲڽΪǿɹƣԲԽɹơ
ȻʵԽǿ󣬸ԽֲʥʵȻԴ߶Ѫչơ
תΪϲ̫ˣһνһΡ
˵͵ڿ̤ʥԼ
ڻǽɣδ̤ʥҲȻŷҲʩչѪӡɸֹơ
ϧûӡֻʩչѪ

ڰħѪɹƣɶĻƣѪ飬ͻΪ˷֡
̫Եˣܽôɡʥǿ߹޻εָͨһЩĳᣬȻǸˣɫȴŮһ㡣
ٵȵȣǾɱȥ֪ȴﵽһ߶ȣʩչֶΣ
¡¡
֪
Ҳһɷ·ڱ𵴡
桢ոտȥһ𺳡
ԭ֮УһϷѪ
Ѫʬ徫ӿǺڰ֮ţ֮ǰǰĺڰ֮ţһ̾ȻǿҺ
ͻĿ⾪ըڰ֮šĪʲô䣿
Ҳ֪ڰ֮ţһȼڰ֮춯Ϊ𺳡
浭ףõһЩںڰ˽ˣڰ֮űʲô쳣ʦ㣬˵أ


1739 ̫ų
ҿһͥͨڰ֮Ŵڰ磬úڰǿɣû뵽ɹȻҲһڰ֮ţ
Ƭ̣ΧȻ֮УпҲǺˮǿߣüڰ֮ţúڰ֮ͥɣ
һ̣Ŀٴη·ѿ
ڼ֮У֮ϣڰ֮
м֮߶û뵽ڰ֮ͻȻζ׳һɺưУڰ֮еơ
ΪǺڰҪɾȻһӰ֮
⡢Ǻڰǿͨڰ֮ͥᾪ
ԭڰǿߣúڰ֮ţַͨʽͥҪͥ˽Ӧڰǿ߲ͨڰ֮ͥҲһμڰǿߣͨڰ֮ɽ硣
Ȼ
𺳵һĻֳˣڶڰǿִ֮
ǿߣոճصĺӣûж뿪ڰ֮ţǳʹڴ֮
ͻһЩڰǿ߷ǿǰͷŴѪǿ˺ȥ
ּڰ֮һȻһڰǿ
찡ͨţڰ֮һֻܴһˡ˻ơ
оұͻȻʹһԭǳʶѾ˫ֽץס
ʶʱϵĮŮһ㲻˼æĿ⣬ǿɰ
¡
ںڰ֮ʮǿߣ
Ǻڰ֮𵴱֮ǰٱͿһ㡣
ּΧЩˮǿߣոʮڰǿߣڰ֮¹򣺡ӦʲôӺڰˣ
ᵣĵ⣬̫潣ˮźκڰ֮ŴͳһĻɹƸ
ˣ
˿Ǿ𵴵ĺڰ֮ţȻһ˫۵˫֣Ȼһ꣬һ֡
ó᲻˼رš
һꡭ濴УϾһҲǺڰǿߡ
ڰʮߣ²ʶߣҲǴ
ոδվ¡һǺڰ֮žΪʧͨʯˡ
ڰ֮Ŷộɽ괫ͳˣ
һĸ֣ҲڸоǿΪûϰֻͥҪʱ䣬һϰɽͻϣӦԽʥֿ
ͻȻ꣬ɱڣϧɽһ̣ʱ̣նɱʺϲֻһܵˮǿ߱
ܾȳˣûаһˡϽ÷׼ߣЩڰǿ߻һж鷳ˡ
ˮģӦþǷ𣬸ոմӺڰߡ
Ϣˡ
ͻȻΧһ̫ͼ
ߣǸҶҾͻǶ٣˺֮ף
Ϣ
ˣ˫ּһȦ
ΧڰͻȻۼϷȻһڰ׹⣬֩һֲγɡ
Ҳϵں𣿿ϧǺڰûж߲ԪٴԾ
߳壡
꣡
Ǻڰ֩ΧɱڰɱΧһڰա
һʱΧǧҷգиƬԷʥʵŻ𴦴ڱ
ߣ
桢ῴһĻһֱ޷
ǿ󣬾涼Ѿ޷ţҲھ̾ʵҲ֪ܲһȡ
һӣ˴һ˺Ѻڰ£һȥ
ɶ࣬ȻҺڰۺһҪѹ
˷ɳȥ֮
һ˺֮УԭʮڰǿߣԼü̫潣Ųʥ÷ֵڰ׹ƣת׷ȥ
һ̣֮С
ڣʮոմӺڰ֮ǿߣУǳʬ壬֮е
ˣŮһǴŮɹֻʮˣһˣͷһţǹڣ󷽹ʮڰǿߡ
ͷһâһŮˣɹŮӣΪߣɡΪ
ţ˹ѽЩŮʶĨɱȸλһ˿ҵꡣ
ۣƣ۾һûһ˿аҲκа
֮ʬ壬ԺڰĴڣһͨɡɡ
Ȼ
ռͨȴſ죬һ˽ȥ
ţ˹£սľؿͷ֪һڰ磿
һŮû˿飬·ûһ˿̫ţ
һɻ̫ţǲϹʱɽ֮Уһ֮һ𣿺ˣϹŴս֮ʧɽ֮Уѵ̫ûл𣿡
ֻҺڰ磬һͨĴڣ국ˣУ޵еĴڣֻһ㡣


1740 ضǿ
СԡعԨһͨԨԨͳ죬Ҳ֪󲿷ֺڰ磡
عԨϤһԱһѪˮ֮еߡ
ȭүعԨҲعԨ㲻˽⣬һ֪Ǻڰʮ֮һعߡأ̣
ԭǵعߣƺһĳֻ档
㡢Ȼֱ䣡
ʱţ˺󷽣һ߹ţһǰ꣬ȻᵽǺڰ磬ǿʮߣƺһм
˾Ͷţˣ߲ѣһͳ죬ȻҲԺڰ磬ȴߣǲǸñɱǿߡ
겻Ӻ⣺عߵȷҺڰϴڣҲʮˣںڰ磬ۼһ𣬲ֻһߣһùؾ¹򣡡
¹򣿡
·µĺˮǿߣԺڰ磬ɲ֣ͨõɽڰʿ
̫֪ߵغ񣬹Ǻڰ磬ĳһڰԨ֮ӣҲ޷ߣͽһ߾ȻվҪ֡
үݣҲƵģ룡Աλߣʮޡ
˫һϣûнӡֻĬĬ߶ʲô
װŪʲôӶϽװү߲мһͻȻȥ
ȻԱλߣֻǣɱ߾ڰգͻȻˣӿһɹɺڰȻӿꡣ
ǡ
ˮţ˼գǳ־Լ¸֣ǾͷС飬û뵽үʥأ¸үˡ
˶׼֣¿һƬ
£ͷ֮ŭ
Щǿ߶Ըһ¡
οģζˮ
Сͳ죬ֻ£ڶͳ֮һھۻϣԶԶߣҲһ˵˵ǺڰϵĴڣպڰϢǾǺڰ壬СĲź뵽һ㡣
ܺã
국ͷ
ɱߣһѾΪһʬ塣
ˮǿߣʬ֪ոմһˣжǿ
ʣˮţˮжˣͥôãʲô
ˮɿϻش𣺡ɽϾĵ̣һֱ׷ɱأ⴦ҾʹҲͷźڰӡǣ룬ٻͥԼⷽͥĺڰǺڰǿߣĿǰſټˣ
λһҡҡͷ̫ˣȽ˶ҾۼȻȱٻָһֶνٻôʮӦǿǱɽ磬Ƕһͥʱ
ˮԾѣַǳ˷ܣʮ߰źܶǿǱɽ磿ΪڵعԨδͳ졢
ԱλߣɭȻһȣݣܼһعߣѾһ֪ǵعߣүҲһĪң
ǣ
ˮŲɣȴʵСΪٻȻҵعԨǿߣΪүֹ壬ҲѵҺڰһ壬Ѵͦ磿
ʮж֪ͨǣڱ壬ΪԶѣٻ壬Щѵˣ
ѵˣ
еĴϹ֮սɢڷ硢ԼһЩ춯ϳҲ˶
ǡҲħһǰǣ
ħһϹŵйʱһֱ׷ɱϣӡʱȴûǣӡɶ彫ħһ̣
˵ֿ꣬ʼһŮ
ںˮǿߣڵϹţȴš
ɽʮ֮⣡
Ӳˣǧɽ̫潣Һˮǿߣȥ
һɺڰڰɽ˳
Ƿ桢ӳˮŵ̡
Ǻ󷽽⣬ԭʮǿʥΪ쵽죬Ѿɽͷ
ʮʥһ⣬ٽ׷ɱ
ͶȥһЦԭǺˮ֣˺ˮ⣬ҹûаսʤΪǳԽʥĴڣһʥ۷ڰ֣һʰ㣡
漱ʵо԰취ӳȥ
ӵģȻӲȥ̫潣ǿߣҲǧɽΧ½ǣ
棬ҡҡͷЦڼҶǱǧɽһֱûбǷ֣һԨҺʱΪϮţ壬ο֮أ
ȥһ̣Ҳ˫˸
ͷʮ㣺ԣȥ֮󣬾ǺڰԨɱһֲԨ֮£кܶ磬ȥпѰ·


1741 ԵعԨ
棡
˶Ի֮Ҳл˵λʥӳɹŴ󲿷ֵǧɽΧ߼˰æ̫潣šˮ׷ɱƶʱҲ̫ΣգͷԮһʱ̵ӭӣⲻˣ̫潣šˮעӳȥȻ
ˡ
̵ӣ
ǿκһǿߣҲǴǵ
̵ֵӣΪﵽʥ۷壬ǳϣϾЩԽʥĴڡ
Ϊʵˣ滹δ
Ҳ桢ɿͨϵȻʥϣɽΧ;̫潣һЩӶ½أԱǼ˳նɱ
ûǿ׷ɱȥ
䡭
һƣǺڰգΪһȭӡԵشһɱ÷ʱƣһ١
ԭں׷ɱͣڻΧʥʩչơ
̫潣źüʥҲλʥǿʼͷɽǶǴﵽʥ۷ɽһڿڳʣâ¹ҫ
ƿˣһڿɽû뵽־£ٶȡƿȻܴﵽʥ۷塣
ɽ׼ɱпڰռ䣬ΧֺսƵشκһʥ۷
쵽ˡ
ʱԽɽֺǰȻһԨһߣſ֮С
ͻȻ棬棺Ϊα㱾о㱾𣬴ûзȱǿģ
ҲǻԵƳǿҲŽɶ죬ΪҲǽɣʵʵѾﵽʥ۷塣ʵһ㣬ԼҲԥ˼á
ζʵһǿһЩǰǧɽ֮УһΪյأڲһӵԨ磬Σһֱûȥҵ·ȥٿڱ

ĿѼǰǿĴѷϷ
ಣ
ٶȼӿ죬ںһɽ׷ɱ£ԾԨ
֪֣ͨƬԨڷߣΪȥܻ
ԭŸ˳׷ɱȥȻԶ
ʥͣ
ϢٽҲɱһɱԨһʥ£ֲڰգʼͷŷӡƬԨա
ಣ
ʮϢ
ˮš̫潣żٶԨӵ󣬴Ѿγɡ
һӰƴǧɽԶ
Ԩһ⣬һȻǿ߰⣬ô̾룬ʥڳҲδܿ˴ڡ
ҲһλˣҲͶʮͷ󲿷˲ͬһ³ۣŴơ
˵һۣͲ˵ĵطüһƻӡǡ
Ժڰ
۽ӣһɨ֮󣬿һҲǺˮѨкüڰϢղǹɿռ˺𵴣Ӧвڰ٣Ŀǰôڰǿֵ߽ʱ侪Ҳ̫ãǾȥԺڰԳѹˣץסһģԴ֮Уȡˮⷽܣ
˼һ
ǰֻһϢˮš̫潣ǿ߲õĴ
Ԩ
ף
ñһˣ
ԭǿߣһ׷ɱʮϢ֮ھͿ׷ŷ桢Ԩײ
·Ȼһɺڰ档
ݣ
ԭһڸ֣֪Ȼд塣
⧲ͼڰɱҲֻץ
ڰ̫ˣں˺ڰ̫ˣһһЩͬνһʱԭʮʥһˡ
θֵԸǣ桢һûгûߡ
ͻȻȥ
ɱ
ϰٽôϷɱ
Ѫɣ
ǱЩȥģ
մһѪ
Ƕ߿գȥЩɸͻΪһɫ̫ͼÿһ̫ͼȥͽüС
̫ͼ֮ѣȥͱ̫ͼɣɽ̫ͼ顢
̫ͼһֿɽɱУȻﻯΪ״̬һɡ
ȥϷһ̫ͼ󷽣ճһɹѪⶼ̫潣šˮŽǿߣ̫ͼɱ֮󣬽ʳ顢ѪȻɡ
ʵƶ
ɱĺãɱĺã
ԷаֶΣѪȣӦЩ¿档
Ȼû뵽ǣһ̫ͼôնɱΪ˴ģ޲÷ɱˡ
Ϊɱ̫潣šˮǿߣɹˮɱɹŮӡ
࡭
·֮С
һڰըѣԭʮʥͷɱ
Ѫ࿪ʼԭڵعԨͳ죬ʹûҹҪʬ
عԨĪǴ֮УڰԨʮߣعߵĵ̣˺һЩ̫ɵԭʵ


1742 ޵
Ǻڰʮߣ
ɽڰ֣һΡ
ɵðʵʦԺڰҲ˽⣿
ֻ֪ţЩɹնɱһЩڰǿߣͥҲռһЩںڰţںڰʮҲʮ˵ĺڰ磬һڰ磬һͥռ仹٣ʮ߾һڰףԭָͳ죬̫̫࣬ںڰ߶ԣͳ켶ֻǿһͼڡ
ڰԶ֮Уǿ󣡡
ԭʮ˲ֲЩڰǿߣһ˵ڰߣ緲ᵽʵۡ
ԭ̫˰ɣˮ̫潣Ž³նɱǺڰһҵϰٽֶΣ
ȻӸ߿֮Уһ̫ͼ룬ԦȻֻʮϢ򣬾ͽһٶɱ
̫ͼѩһڷΧڰѪд磬Ѫɫ̫ͼڡ
ʥ̫Եˣ
ɱɣϰٽɣֻö̶ʮϢ
үүǵ縱ͳ죡
ԭʮʥŷŭƷգǺڰ̫潣ʥҲɱԴġ
ԭΪΪڰһƬԭ̤źڰһ𵴣ڰŤһȦ˵˲䣬ɱ˳
ȭͷӲҵģ
̫ͼģ࣬ԭ̤ǱڻֵȭͷһЦƶȻ罣̳һȭ
飡
ײһ𣬿ֻȭͷƾɽײһ
˫ͬʱһɡ
ԭĵӣŭȵΪǿһ㣿
Խһͳ죬ҪУһȭɱûжƣ֮ŵľҡڡ
žž
ԭȻ½ɱơ
Ȼһδȭͷײûд·磬ԽսԽ£ƽƽȭͷ̺
ʩչȭǿڰƴΨ֪ȭͷΪ˼᲻ơ
ɶ񡭡
ʮν棬ԭͻȻ˺ȫʼͷѪɫƤëʼѪ죬ȻƤ
Ҳʼ޴󻯣
ԭҪʩչȫ
ɱɱɱ
ʮʥԭ඼ɽһЩԲ֡еȵȡ
˭ҳɱȥ
ҪˣԭƴȭͷЩʥ֮ǰ̹ʵֻʩչԶ̹
ߣ
һȦ
Ȼץסһ̫ͼ編һɱ̫ͼͽɣκηҲ޷̫ͼ
࣬ҪԭˣΪʮɸѪԳһѪɫƤëǰִ󣬹ЩƤë̶ȣܴﵽʥ׸߶ȡ
ۣ
Ҳ˫ס̫ͼΧ͸һɿֲڰ֮⣬˲һߣʮʥٴѪ
ȭͷ࣬޴֮ԭһԽ𣬾һСɽѹ
Ҳϰգ㵱ʵȫ˰ɣԽʥﵽһ󾳽ʵźã㣡
㲻ƣ
ԭŭ֮£ȭͷˮͰ޴һȭ㹻ɱκʥ
ȭһƣӿ˫ȭ֮С
䣡
շ·ǻըȭͷٴɱһ
ֻûǵأһУûУּһѪӰɡ
֮ѪӰΪǱȻһ£ʮʥδӦͳץס߿ա
Ҫߣ
ܣķȻܴԭǿߣһĻ̫ͻأ桢ҲûӦ
ǳᣬԭʩչȫ壬ǣԽʥ
ӦòǶ֣Ҳóִ㡣
ǧ㣬û㵽Ȼѹԭ
ӲȥԭһӴڰҿԸΪǿ󣡡
׷ȥ
桢ҲæԨա
䣡
ϷԨգ׷ɱʮǿߣһɿռ𵴣ͻȻԭϷը
ը˲Ϣͽԭʮʥ÷׷ѪһƲҲͻȻըֻʣ
˭桢𺳲ѡ
Ȼԭ˲佫ʮʥˣʵԽʥ
һʥҵģ
ȴδǹǺηġ
桢Сţ֡ͨһֻЩʥ
Щʥֻмǿ˲ֻʣһ˿˿
ЩȫʢʱڶǷ֣ο״̬
Դƿռٶȣȥ໲ҽУת۰ˣصǰƿʮʥʬ塣
Щʥʬ壬ӽ̤ʥ첻٣ʬ屻׸档
öɲ㲻¼ߣ
֮ǰնɱʥдɡɣ㹻ģҴڰУʱɱǿߣҲʱȡʬһҲںʥʬ塣
ƺʥʬ壬ɡһϡƽ


1743 ǿ
ԷΪʵȷʥҲ޷̫
ǿʥʬ壬֮ʣͻȻϷͷ⡣
̧֮ͷȥԭǱɡ
Ϸڰգһ۽ֱַ·ƿĳʹ߶
Ǽ۽üģǵ̫һɫƣֺ档
Ǵˣһ꣬Ȼʮʥ׻ԭ
Ϣ
桢žţҰοȻԭ֣Ͳ̫潣šˮǿߣǡǲõģ
ɲһȴ롣
۽꣬˸һĸоֻԭڣڰһͳ죬ʵǲڵعԨҪûͥ㲻Ѵ֮
㡭
ԭףײ²ͣ
˲ƣҲȥܿܿİܽ꣺û뵽û뵽
ž޲֪ҵҲǰһڰͳ죬ôҲеʶ
ԭʼͷҲˣȻ£㡢Ȼˣ
ǡȴǡ
塭
ⷽ桢ҲûжӦǳͲˣһ˫ֱͫꡣ
˽⡣
浹ɻ֮Уų˼᣺塭壿ƺ˵
㲻֪壿һΡ
֪Ҳɽٶ꣬ͥ󲿷ûȥ
塢徹ȻˣǡԶŴ˵֮УԽĴڣǵԾڰǾǺڰ޵Уˣ֪ΪͳʧˣĽ죬ҲֻйżвٹĴ˵ɹ֮ҲһЩżйᵽ
Ҳ̫ףԿԭԲ֣𣿡
ʼ۽ꡣ
ϢٵĿ£һͨˣƤϢȴ͸һױȡ
һǿߣٱʵ
дҽǵڶУһ֮ǰǺڰ֮ţͳ꣬һǺڰ棬Ĵڣ꣬ʵҲǿ޷ĵزƴ˲ʥκθ߶ȡ
ϵܺãӦòǵˣϣˣҲ֪徿кεǿֶΣ
Խ٣֪ˣǿߣһһҲǿ

ԭ𣬽Χ׺ڰգΪһ޴Գ
Ƥÿһۼ˺֣¶ǿƺܽʥ׷ҧ顣
ΣֶԸҺڰһ壬Ҳ֪жɱһˣҾ֪ˣʬ׸ߣһܻøǿ
ԭſ죬ǰ۽꣬һ
ƺ̺翪ٵǰԨն𵴣ڷա
һϢԭΪס
ն
ԭȫһ
۽꣬ȴֻ΢΢ЦȻָ£ֻǷǳѰһƣ
ƽƣȴͻȻһգͬսֹâӡ
¡
âӡ⣬Ҳ֪ΪΣǿƷˣȴǹâӡϢ֮
ֻһУҲգۼ䣬ԭͱǰ۽ѹƣѴ֮
ǿ̫ǿˣǾǴ֮УеĹʥ𣿡ὫԷΪˡ
â
Ȼ𺳣ȴע֪Ϊ壬Կƺڰԭ˺Ȼ
ͻȻΰмʶ˰ɣ徻ڰ۵壬Ǿ֮ӣ壬ֺڰֻг
ҲҺڰһףԭͻȻɱȥ
ն
۽֮ǰûͷκơ
ӡٴɱ⣬һһʥâΪ£Ĺâڰ⾶ֱѹȥ
ԭߣϧˣ۽ҲҪߣһѹ
һָʥͨһɽԭӳȥչѹԭϷ
ʮɶԳʥָâѹòѪҲǹҫϸʴƤëա
໣
ԭҽУҲѹÿʼС
Ҳɱ㣬Ҫ˳֮ǰǹɿռԭ򣡡ּһԭΧ֣ৼ£ͽԭӡ
۽꣬һͻȻڰˣڰЭ
˲䣬Ҳ˻Ϊԭѹеˡ
û뵽۽꣬ɱĿŷȻҪ֡
ǰᣡ
Ͻ񣺡ǺڰʿǱڰʴˣɵӣǸɹ


1744 
국һʣɹΣ
߲Ļش𣺡Ȼܱȣ罫ɹϺз
ֺڰҶնɱοһɹӣ
⡭ǰʿҲǰԸˮŵģ
ݲɳӣΪ壬ǹԽĴڣ嶼Ҫ峼
⡭
û뵽ġͣԷҪɱͻȻ棬Ѿް취
һ̣ͬʱλƮ֣Ц壿
Цⲻ𣿷Ҳɱ㣬ֵͼɻҳֻ֣ɱǸ𣡡
𣿡ʡ
죿һɣ֪ΪҸ㣬岻죬ǳԽ֮ϣǿĴڣ׷ά򣡡
ǾͶˣ죬һ޻˵岻죬죬ҲںҪ˵ˣǱҷ
ҲҪס֣ңҪΪˣҾͲɱ㣬ϵĴڣһ˵Ҳȡͷ­
ϣûϣֻǿˣɱҷȻԸ
ɲǼһ߳ҲڴʱҲȥ
ȻҪǿһս
ҲϹ£æվץס󣺡ȥǸ֣
һЦɲ죺һܶǿߣǰǸ߸ϣͬװĴڣʱʼҾͲնɱЩǰһĴڣڰһ塢塢Ҳգ˭ǲͷϣҾҪ֪ζ
壬ﲻ𣡡ҲΪߣһ̣ǴЦ֮ᵽˡ
ݲκ˲֮ϣܹҲҪվţƴȫȥߣ˭˵޷սʤ壬治£ֽŲ
һһӭǿߡ
ҽҪһССɣкͣ˵˼Ҽ̤ϣһûʵߣʸ˵仰һƣҾҪӴ˻Ϊٶ΢΢һЩ
ţ
ۿ˫аף
桢ƴҪǿԸǿ֮ʡ
ǿߣȻͣ²ת̧ͷϷ
·ʲô
Ұ
ԭڷӡ֮УҲܵĳŸߺǡһ
룡
һ⣬һģͽԭ˽֮С
һ桢ʶϷնߣǿߣˣ궼ûгֹˣû뵽֮Ծӵǣɽ֮У
ЦǺˮԺڰһͳ죬ʱ䣬һѹϧ첻档
˲Ԩ磬ӡǿߣеӣҹȻһսˮԪա
عǺڰʮߣᱻ壬һɱһֶ֪ΣͲˣ֪ڸ˵ͻȻɱһɫ档
ɱ߿֮УճһƬڰҳ
塭ԼԼˮƬɫ֮УΪʹش
ܺã
۽Ȼ䣬˽Ϊһâ桢ؾǣûкľԺٵ壬һΣ
ͻȻһָ
ңȻһŭ
ֻ֪֣ĪǿߣԼֶ˵
ңأ
ң棡
Σ
첻ս˳ͷһĲǿ֮ƣǿѹϣҵģģĳһ죬һҪֽػܣҪ׿ڳʧܣ
Ϊҽؾʵֶ𣿡
Ҳںжǿкεȱ֪Ҳ߸ϣʳ˼̻ҵʱ̼ţ֮Уһ˵ս㣬ſʧܣ
УҽΣһ⣬ֻ⿴ǿߣ֪һˣҾʹӦˣսң͵̤ϡ·Ϊǿߣ˵ɡ
·
·֪Ҳǰˣ̤·ʸҲûУ̤·һ֪㣬һ㣬
ಣ
ǿ߽أװЦ˲䣬峹׻Ϊһƹߣʧȥ
Һˣἱæǰ
ȻŸ߿գƺѰʲôһսⱲսʤأʥԼкܴӰ죡
塢ء
ȻתˮȻˣǱѰҳ·
ߣ
˳ûԨײ
Ƿ߲ʮϢ
һڰЦһڰƽԨգһǿߣͷβɱʱ䣬Ҳҿ


1745 ڰ

һǿڰϮ
ȥץסǼ࣡ˮӰǿʵ־һԨ
½⣡
Ҳ֪ǧɽĳط
ʱһīһϣ桢ȻԾ
ǸͨˮٻӺڰ֮ŴͶꡣ
ʮģһͷںڼţƤ红һۡ
˰ɣ
תźǧɽЦݡ

һӰߣĳͨӰӣǧɽӶκʥҲﲻٶȡ
īһɽȺ磬𣺡֣ȻòһΣΪżȥ

һڰʧΪصˡ
Ծī꣬Щأ㼸Ϣ֮˵û뵽ӺڰǿߣڰȻҪɽ磬塢忪ս
ҿҲΪҲǳᣬǿܻ˵Էֻɽ磬ںڰ֮Уԭ㣬͵壬ͻȻı뷨Һڰһ£һֱںڰ֮棬Լ·ǺζƬأҲһ֡
Ҫɱɽ磬ǶȻġ
廹ΪԼһеĴڣû塢壬壿
ͼӦںڰ֮У𣿡
Ҳ֮ȻˣͻȥڰʱѾ٣úڰϯɽ磬塢׼ī˵꣬ĬȻתһâǧɽ
⿴ɽû֣մսҵһնɱ㣡
ټġ
Ӱʧ١
һǿߣ֪ҵϢϧ֪˵ϸɽ磬Ϊ֮ʣնɱɱһǿҲûôڰҪٴɱɽ𣿡
˼ᣬٴλΪʧ

ɽԨ
ӰҲ֪Զѿռ䣬ɷͷŸӦǰͷһԨռ䡣
濴󷽺ڰؿߣΧһЩʯͷŸֹâۿΧŻ
ֶԳᶣʦ㣬ˮš̫潣һʱ޷λãӦûʲô⣬Ϣ£
ȥܷģ԰׵ĳᣬ̫ء
԰㰵Ƹռ䣬֣һʥʬ
СкˣֻҪͷһ㣬ҾͿϣԷԦ㣬ʥʬվѹ
ͽˣ
㻯Ϊһ߶ʬԱߡ
ͷӳֽ֮Уƣſҧסʬֱۣʼһվ
ʱ󣬱һֻƷҩƳʮʥѪ
Ѫᣬ֪Ѫûԥ㽫ʥѪɡ
һ̣ѪЧԣƤѪɫͷš
ͷһЩϢȻˣһУʥΪ𺳣ֶΣ֮ǰҽѪָʥѪĪǣɴʥʬ֮УʥճΪҩ
ӦΪߣ˭ЩֻҪʦĪҵаħ
Ҿ֪ħǿߣռôʬ壬ԣҲֻʬ֮һˣȴܽʿľͲħȵģһִ֪ΪǷߣʵ
ĻҪϵǰ־Ӹ£
һڳУһϵӰĴ
ʥѪʥںϣΪ
ҲʥѪǳƳѪ̺ʥӴҲһɶ죬Գܵġ
һʥѪ̺ôһ˿ʥ㹻ɶĪ仯
Լʮ
ಣ
ڴһͨɽѷ֮зɳԨ棬һΧǧɽΧϽ˵ء
ոͱƶ̫ˣнӳȥ̵ϵǸȥϣ
оնȥˣһ̣Ҳӷ֮Уͨ桢ţִԪ
ɳ
סü棺һӴϢˣɹĸ֣ԽʥĴڣ
ɹ̵ӣἱæɳ
ǰƺϿգһŮӣղź·
һԽʥĴڣ
ʥɽ֮Уͥڵİ̵Ӻεȴڣ
գۼ䣬һֻжʮͷѩһ˫峺òŮӣӭ֮С
Ϊε̵᣿бǰ̵ӵ䣬һǵ̵
ȳỹἸꡣ
԰Ů¹򣺡Դϣ
̵ӻ֣һǰ𣺡ؿﲻɹˣøϻȥˣ
Ҳǣ
̵ֿ˷һۣǷԶݡ
ŵ̵ӿԶǧɽ


1746 
ʦ㣬λ̵Ϊ᣿;У̲סʵ
ſлӦŵ̵Ӳ̵࣬Ҳʵ࣬λ̵ǱŴ֮һɡɹ֮Уóƴϣɹڹߣ˵ܴ
ܴ
ɹͥһҲ֮ȹŽǵǿһЩˡ
ϾһҲе̵ӡ
ֻλɵ̵ӣʵɲ⣬ôλһͳɹĹεΪ
ɼһߣ
죬ʥٶȣڵ̵ɱ£˳صɹ۷ȥС
˻ص֮Уǧӹӭ̶ɣҲС
ͨ桢ţ棬иһһʥʬ塣
ųϵӵ֮С
ڣʥػǼһ۵ӣҲǰǰ㲻£һܶԸʥĴڡ
ᵱصӣ˭С
ؼ˵̵ӣƺδɾͲ
ڵµţΪʦˣΪ㿴ƣĵ̵ɣһ̻һɽˡ
ûһ˿Цݣֱȴ
ʼʥҲڳֲٶһΪˡ
֮
һƬʹâӿۣͼ̵վǰǸģһ£һѵӣκ˿ᱻס
ֻ΢΢һʦø˵ˣ´󹦣ӪȵӣʦֻŻΪɹϴ֮ͣǰҽһҲϹҴ㱾ѧһʮ˲ι

һʮ˲ι
Ͻ
ҲѪ
һϵϵ޳ֹ֮âͨͻᷢĲмǣ⴫Ϊ̵ֵӣҲֻһȴķ
һΪһӰջΪһ

治ȱֻҪ˲ιڻ˲ιҪһôͨʵ
Ҽƻָ࣬ͲΪˣû뵽߹Ȼ紫˵֮ǰֶθպ˲ιȥúЩͬɹ٣Ҫǣ
ֽһ棬ʥƷʡ
־Ǻöű뿪
ͨ桢ţ棬Ҷʥǿʬ壬Ҷ̶ʱ䣬ʵ١
̤ͨʥ졣
ʥʬ嶼쵽ΪͨʵȥɣҲ̫졣
⼸ʥʬ壬㹻һʱ䣬棬ĿǰֻʵΡ
ոյõ̵ɸһö˲ιҩҲﵽʥ߶ȣȥ
֮вҥɣ¸ء
Ӹ߼ó˲ιͽͨȥɣĿǰڻһѪõһ˲ι
ΪʵҲԺɣ˲ιʥʬ徫һҪʥ
ֵһ
룬˲ѪΪöɲ
ҵһɹ֮ʩչöɲ±ɹиӦҲû취ʵΪأѪˡΟ³ߡɽ䡢ĺˮǿߣء
ʱҿɵȲزң쿪ʼҾ͵ԼɹӣúⷽԴȲյҪǿ
˾ģҪǿ󣬸ǿ󣬸Ҫڶʱʵ
ʱɽءˮš̫潣һδգ־ڱǿ
öɲʩչɹ״޼ɵóֶ
ͨҲͷͷħڰóɱͷ壬ʥԼ˲ι
ž
öɲΪѪˮ״̬ը죬ѪɫԼݣѪˮ֮һɹð
Ȼ䣬ѪˮԼжʮɣһ̣ѪˮΪģһʱ仯ΪһƬѪˮζ
ΪһƬѪˮУƷʯóѪˮ·Χγɾ
һʥʬƯ룬һ˲ι
ʥʬΪ죬ɶ죬ǲһʥǿ߾˭ʵͳԽ죡
öɲѪɫζҺܿʥʬ塢˲ιΧĵѪɫӰ
Ѫ
ĴѪͿʼ־ǧʱӡǡںһ
汾һɣӡҲˣųеǷҲûУѪҲӵӡ
öɲʥ˲ι֮ʣӡʥͷ
һŽգ
ӡץסӡӽ֮Уһ˿˿ʥ
мСѰɴ̫ˡ


1747 
һʥ𵤾Ҳױȵģ˵κα޷ǿ߾Ტۡ
Ҳ÷ˣͨˣ޷ֶΣȻʬ塢ɻȲʯҪ
ʥ˲ιһ˿˿ɣÿһѪϡѪǡѪ֮УѾɶ۷塭
еֶΡ
꣡
öɲͻȻΪ𣬾ͼһɽüġͷ˫ͫ
¡¡
ͻˣ
˲俪ʼը죬Ѫ䣬Ƥ˺ѪƣһѪƴȥ
ͻ̫ˣ֮Уû˿ʹо
ʱͣʼӭ
ӽɶ죡
죡
ǰɡɡͻʱĸоˣ˳ͻƣڽɽ׶ǲܵģΪɱѰٱ
̶̹ͻһ磬ο֮дŰԵЦݡ
һ̣֮ʣ˲
֮ƶ£һ㣬תٶ̫ˣһⲻǺ嫡ع⻪
ֻһӽ𵤴һ˺ѽڽɡ
ζѾɹӵн졣
ɻת
ɽȻ䣬ûʥǰ̡Ӵֻʥǧ֮һ
ӽɱ䣬ڷڲٷҲ֮ϴ裬ɽһЩ⼣Ĩȥ
죬
Ϣִ߶öɲʼѪĴɽΪ
öɲÿʮʿһͬٶ
һУʦֲ
ʵƻֹٶȡ
̤죬һоʥٶֻǱ֮ǰһʥ֮ǰһ˿˿ڻһ˿˿ֻٶȿһЩˡ
Ȼ̤죬ҲԺʥ
ʥ࣬ɲΪˡ
ĴѪͬʱ׹ͨϱʥ˲ιָܿо档

ϵ
ӡ֮У̵ɺȻ֣ŷӡһ㣬֮У˳
ɹлʦˣҲлƲȬΪҲ۷壬Գһ磬Ϊŵ̵ӣ
֪Ҵüɽͻƣ߰ɣȥΪöɽٷֶ̳һ̵ӣǱŴϲ֮£ҲûǹĮȻЦ绨
Σ
뿪ӹӭˡ
ɸɽӣ¶ͣѴһö˲ι˵ȷԼܶʱָƣʮȥˣҲ΢΢в鿴ǴɽȣʱʱнȻǿңӹʥӦӲҵķۣʮ꣬ǼˣʵڷԾ
ԷǼ˲˵ʮ꣬һ꣬Ҳдɱ䣡
񲢲Ǽ˲
һۼֶΣǼʣƺףΪɽˣΪβߣȣΪһǾ޾
֮ǰԽԽǿ֣߳ʱҲǰȥѰǻʶЩķߣԸɽ磬Щ
ڴԽʥ
߰ɣ
ɻһĨһǿߣ¹ĿУȥ

꣡
ɽһ֮У
öɲ״̬棬ĴѪһ˿˿
Ҫͻˣ
֪ʮ꣬ʥ𵤱߳ɣҲ̤죬ͻƽ졭
ջ̫Ҳ֮
ʮУ֮УȻҲйǰһأȥꡣ
꣬󲿷ʱŷУԼûʱʱ̴֮̿С
һβͬʮ꣬ʱʱ̶̿˲ιӴʥû˷һ졣
ҲڿȰ

öɲ˲Ϊ
һɣӡͿʼը˽ʱѪ֮Уϡϡ򣬶Ѫɫ˺ӡ
˲ιûˣûһֻʥʬ壬Լͨ鵤ʯ߼鵤Ҳûˡ
ԴҪԴ
ӭ
ӽ̤죬ʶǰóԴɣŷֻ֣ʣ¼Ʒҩ
ǰ˲ιҩûˣƷ鵤Ҳɵġ
ɲһ˳Թģһ㣬Ϊ̤ʥÿǧǧƷ鵤
˭ܹ
ʥʬ壬һ꣬ͨʥٶȣҲûǰֲ
꣡
֮˺Ѹֳһ
죡


1748 ʥǰ׼
죬оʮǰǿ˰ٱʵҲʥһ죬ҲܸߵزһںϣҲвջ񣡡
̤죬һֵ̣һЦǰ졢죬ҪӴԴʥʬʣӦÿͻư죬ͨûԴ
ӦͷųȥͷͨΪ̤ʥ졣
ɿΪʵͨ࣬桢ţֻ΢΢һЩһۺʵҲܴﵽʥ졣
Щ꣬ǲСùСԶԸλʥ
˲ιԴԼһʥʬɱ䣬Һ÷նɱһЩλʥôɱ˾ˡ
ҵȥҷ
ֻΪöɲһӣ
ʵ̤һ߶ȣ뿪
Ӧںϣ츳ӦͶųȥһΣǸӦﵽλʥ߶ȡ
Ǻεȸ
ԽΪ˲͸ӦɹϰһӦ֮С
ھɹԨոշɳʹӸΪңԶԪ
ʮ꣬ʵٶȣҲû٣ʥٶȣֻʮϢһԨϷ
ʱһһ󷨡
ǰһΪŻ̤ŻͿһϤİ𺳵Ļ档
ڴ֮Уʯѳɵķ̳ϣһôȻڷ̳֮
ô˵棬ԼѩħЩ֣Щ˲Ҳǳơ
ôڣͷϢҲǺڰģһΪκڰӰӣռ串ǡ
⡢·ǵһ㣡ŵò
һʱ䣬Ҳ·𿴵ǿ
̧ͷһϵŲǧˣ̫潣ˮŵӣ̫潣Ϊʽ뵱һģǱΰ͸Ѫʱʱ̿ɡ
ಣ
һڹӰ
һ۵ķ
濴ȥҲ·ϢһȻҲаϢǺȻ
ȫͬûһ˿ϢǺڰаģҷǳ䣬ûһ˿¶ȣΧ󡢷̳һ䡣
ʽһ̣ҲԷЩ͸
ǰɣʵ󲿷ǰʽҪ˲ιĥһʱ䣬Ϊģʯʬ͵һ壬һҿֹͨ󣬵öɲǲһЩ
ϴǱ̬Ĵڣֻз
ҲգʵͳԽʥ㣬ʥʬûˣ˲ιҩƷ鵤ù⣬ֻʣʯв٣
鵤ҴӲʬܶ࣬ʱʱ̿ɣ֪ȱңҸʮʥ֮Ľ𵤣ʥʬɵʣʮʥҲǺܾ˵ģ
ʮʥ𵤣
ûаȻоϲ
ʱ䣬Ǳ̫潣ẉ̂ɱ˲ʮʥ̫潣ŽɡɡɵӣˮŵȷǿҸоڰϢ֮ǰǿٱֹ
ӡ棬ʮŽϢ֮
պ÷ӡ̤ʵ٣ǰñڰ֮ţЩǿߣ֮ҲҪСЩҲҪ׼ͻʥ
ͻʥ֮ҾͿȥػȡһ˲ιҩҰֻ̫д֮еһøЦ
ȿɱ䵽εȵز
˻ᣬȥˡ
ջصɹûüȥɽȴʶʹǷ͸
淢ϢΪޣ֮ǰʮʮҪǿ
ʥ˼䣬滹½ҲС
½ڼ棬ҲǿͿδ汬κìڡ
ʱ֪ѾԽʥھһͨϷģᣬֻʮ˾꣬һŮ
ʮ̤꣬ˣ̫ҳԾῪżɽΪ
湪Ҳϲʦ̤ʥΪľͷλе̵ӣ
Ϊ̵ӵȷҵĿ꣬󲿷ˣ̤磬Ѿû̫׷󣡡
ῴǳã£ܳΪ̵ӣҲǷֲϵһֶ̣Ըԭкˮš̫潣ЩǿߣҾԲŻҲΪ̵ӣ
ʦˣÿ˶ԼĻ컯ʦĻһĥѣ̤ʥ
㵹ǴݣЩ㣬⼸ʮ꣬ˮš̫潣֮ǰϰϮŵͻȻǧɽ⣬ʵ⣬ŸҲɱ̫潣Ӧ֪


1749 ·Ĵ˵
ҵ֪Ȼ̫潣šˮǵˣǷҪɱ
ֻ˵ɵĺãĶԣ̫潣šˮɹӣŮӲ
ǷӦû̫潣ų֣
мҪ׼£Ϊ̫潣šˮȥɹΣѽ⣬Ǿ׼ǰضȡ̫潣šˮƺҲҪȥأʱΪУԳϣһЩӻԹȥҲǣ
ʵҲŲ֮ҪȥأҲΪǴ˵֮е
ȥ׼ţƲ֮ǾҪټӳҪ˲ιʥ۷ɱʵﵽ۷壬ںɱǴȥΣտɽͲ٣
һ̣˵֮󣬼ͷһӡ治˲ιһɱ
˲ιͲˣھȱ١
ɱ
ֻҪֻͨɿЩɱˣжо
ȱԴͲȱٷ
֣ΪֻҪɱʥ۷巨ʺʵʩչ
ʦ㣬뵽һ⣡
뿪ȥУִź棺ǵǸǿ𣿡
˵ǽأôǿǿߣҲ֪ҲЩ⣡һʱ䶯ݡ
ҵʲô壬ֻǴ̫ţǿʵҪҵĵ־ұδܣ˺˵ʲô·̤·ʸټʦ֪·
·
ʦ֪
ô֪ܲ·
ᾪһᣬָɫϾһ̵ӡ
̵ӳԽʥˣɽ֮УǼģ緲˵Ĳࡣ
·ڴ󲿷ֽΪ׹Ҫ˵ܼ򵥣ҲЩӣҾ򵥵˵ԺԼȥ˽һЩո࣡
޵Ͼ磬Խɡɡʥﵽ磬ҲֻǳΪǿߣУѾǿ󣬵Ǿ޵УԶ
ɽССҲͥССͥɽ磬вֶһĳܶʱЩǿߣԼţ׷һ߷塣
ȥһ̤ܶһȥУһǴڵģ֮Ϊ򡯣

Ǹ磡
ǳᳬԽʥʱ˵֣Ҳڴİ棬·һ̣һͨ졣
򡭡

֪ΪΣһ棬·Ҳųᣬǹ鲻ԽԼ̧ͷ߿ա

ǲǴ˵޵Ĵ
þ֮Īǽ˵Ǹ·򣿡
·򣬵·ȴͨΨһͨǸ·ʮ翣ȥߣˣҲһš
ô˵Ǹ߸ϵ򣿡
ҵȷ徿ڲΪʶ֪Թžʹ˵һ˵磬ۿ֮ʥֵһ磬򡣡
ʥйأ
Ȼˣֻд֮еʥˣʵȻҲԶЩǰֲϵ
ڶףΪνس֣̬֮Уκһһ񣬶ǰ㲻мκǰҪǸһȵƣΪݣΪ塣
֪һЩţףǿ߽أһεʵݵĴڡ
˵ֻҪԸɱˣκ˶޷
˵ˣ޷ֹ
Ϊݣ塣
·գ̲סǷݿ
Ϊǿߣǰĵġ־
ơս
ⲻǶ
ս
ֻΪ˵ģֻΪǿ֮ġ
Ỻ·˵ڡ컯ɽ硯ɽ֮УΪӴ󡢹ϵɽ֮һ
컯ɽ硭ˡ
Ӧò֪Ϊ컯ɽⷽɽ磬Լʮɽ֮⣬컯ɽˣҲһ̫ңԶһɽΧҲм컯ɽ绹ǿߣûɽ֮УΪľÿһͥϵ
·ž컯ɽ磬·Ҳ֣һͨĵ··ɽ֮Уһ̨ɽ磬Ϊǿߣ̤һ̨̫
Ӻǰÿʮ꣬·ͻῪһΣǿɲֿͨȻ̤·ȥ·һ桢Ѫȡɱĵط·һ̨
ʮ꿪һΣȥ컯ɽ磬̤·Ҫһϵսԡԣջʤߣſ̤·ȥÿһ·棬ʮʮ·䣬ֻмٵˣܳɹ˷ӱ̤֮У
һݱ룬̾ϢҲ·ʲô


1750 ɰ
棬أ·ʲôֻܸһǿ̨Ҳһ̨Ǹǿ߽أ㷢սҪȥ·ڵ㣬Ҫȥ·ǲܵģʥҲûʸ̤·ǿߵ̨ߣ㻹ȥ𣿡
һ̣ûܵʵʸȥ·
߻һЦȳΪɹһˣٳΪͥǿߣʸȥ컯ɽ磬̤·ˣʮһ·棬һպòǧҪУ֮ǰһ뼸ã֮ĹΪ·Ǵ¼κһͥκһע
ɹһˣ

ǽ죬ʵʥһңɹ֮У󲿷ϵӣĶࡣ
ϵ֮ϣг̵ֵӣһȣѾϰٱ
ٿ֮ϻɣƵ̵ӣǧ
ɻֻɹ֮һ࣬ɹ֮ʮԼٱ֮䡣
ʴˣҪΪɹһˣ򱶼ѣԽϵӡ̵ӣԼϹܳΪɹһˡ
ʵǣΪɹһˣҲȥ·ҪΪͥšǿߣǲʸ
̲סҡҡͷѣû뵽˵̤·Ȼ죡
ˣȻ濴
ʼ磬Ȼҡͷ£ûʱ£ζţҪڲǧΪľţʸ̤·սأ԰ʦ㣬Ҿ£Ҳ£ûʱ䣬亦»ץʱУ
Ƿߣ־ģҲһķߣÿˣʵΣ̤˲̤·棬ȥɣϣҽ̸ⷬӰ쵽㣬ҲҪչһʱ䣬ҳԽʥټɽ磬һǿߣһɣ
߶ʦ㣡
ĬĬǣȥ
ϣ
һ̣Ȼһ֮
һߣ죬̤·
һ翡ȵӰӳ֣ɡ
ӭ£ʣʦ㣬ĻɾǧܷΪͥһˣ̤·
ǧꣿǸЦɣ˵ǧΪͥţǧΪɹһˣǲܵġһҲݺ
Ĳ
ٲǧ꣬ΪɹһˣߣЩŮӣҲǿʵ޲н죬һɽӣǧͳԽУ
⡢ȷ
󣬳Ҳ޻˵ΪҲãƺûһܡ
ǧ
Ϊɹһˣ
ǧΪͥǿߡţһЦ
⻰ǳƵ̵ɣǶԳ˵λĻ
صɽȣսͼԱ𣬷飬ͻơ
ñлˣʥ۷ɱҶԾܶԸ󲿷λʥ
˲ιһ
ڷͨɿǶԷ֡
ͨʼںɽɽͷһʹâˣɹΪϧԴ־ʥ۷巨֪ϵӲܵĴ洫ֻ´󹦣лõһͣϵǰ㿴أ
ҲǷҪ֮
ԴֻǵһЦһ
ҺúҪڷܣǧҪΪͥһһǿߣһȥ·
´Ҳ֪ʲô·Ҳѡ
ɿΨһ֪·Ĵڣ⿴棺ˣ֪·ȷҲֻгΪһͥһһǿߣʸȥμ·
·

壬һȥģҾǧ֮Ҳ˽ЦԼΣ֮·γβŸӾʡ
ö˲ιһЩѪӦÿͻһ硭
Ϊöɲ״̬ĴѪֹͨȭͫҲڷһδ֮С
ʣԴʼɣǸոյõ˲ιںϺܳһʱ䡣
ٴλΪһ޴ⶦöɲӿ𵴣·ѪĴѪӣѪˮΪϤ̬һ
ǹ

˲ι֮⣬ȻѪˮ֮š
öɲΪ˲䱬Ҫͻˣ
ͣ
â͸Χ֮УнΧ¾ǽ۷壬ҲҪâɱ
ɰ졭
顢Ѫöɲͻơ
һжϤģʹ֮࣬УҲתһʥâ˲ءزءأ͸һ
֮٣ʼǽɻ϶ɱ䡣
ͨԪǹĵ£һƬӲӵģ£͵һδ³Ϊ죬κһѪ϶ɱ䣬泩ǿն


1751 һ
Դûˣֻдͼ鵤ԼǿŻδȫɵ˲ιͼ鵤ﶼãʮŽ𵤲
Դǽˣӷõġ
ͨɿֵĿŽ𵤣һһţʣ濪ʼӦ
ͨʥٶȣκ˶죬Ž𵤸Ӵ𵤷·ͷ˫ִȦԶ컯ɣת֮ʣ߳
ӽ֮ӿһ֣·ߣħɱƣͨԶ컯ɡ
ɿɽٶҲ
ãͨͿʼͻƣʥ̤졣
ʥ֮Ҳɣʵʱʱ̿
ڻɽ֮ΪԣҪʱϾҪʵõ
ĴѪҲҪһͨںϡ
־֮ڹ۲֮㣬ɱ㣬ɲӡǰޣʵڵģǷֲ壬㾿ʲô
˵ǷɣȷǷ˵ɣƺһ㣬ȥɡ
ǱʯסɽӡƸĴڡ
Ƕ໨ǧʱСǧҴһδĪ
ǧʱ
Ŀǰ־յͨ
չĴ߶ĵ¾Ԫ߳塢߳գ䣬·顢ͿƵģĽԪûˡ
־Ҳǧʱգ
ȫͶ֮е棬״ǧʱôף֮ɹֲ÷ʲô
־һӺǺ֮УоһЩĳڲŪԼƤ
ǻþ
ΪԵӿ˲䵹һںǰȻһƬδĻ硣

ʶ֪ΪĳǣͻȻӺޱߵĻ磬ͬ׹޾Ԩ
ľͷ𣿡»Խʧ滹Ǳ𺳵ˣûǳûпռ䣬ֻл硣
ʶ׹ʱһЩǹ֣ƺӻ֮С
濴һУͻȻϷ֮УͻȻһɷ籩
ŵʶܣΪǷ籩Ȼѻ綼˺ˡ
ǲǷ籩
籩ǰӿһ籩֮УȻһӣЩ̫ˣβֱԴû۾ֻĥ̴СѪ죬ԼѪ
εȹ
˫ͷ籩ӻЩ֮Уֿһ
ΪĳֹǣǹһЩſȻһ٣ͬһóڻ磬ӻԽӣƬǿ֮
˫ͷƬĪǺ֮Уǳ˷ܣܿǺʣҲλǺ֮һ硣
һж𣿡
淢ԼʶעЩ˫ͷƬǰ
ɻ֮ʣͻȻ䣬ǰİ磬һЩӰЩ˸һǿ˫ͷɱ
һλΪǿĴڣ֪⣬⣬ʱ°Ͷÿȥ
˾Ȼһģһ
ŷǳңԶܿʥۣ˫ץǿգӿӴâã֮гһЩΧһɱЩ˫ͷӡ
ȻΣôᣬһԼһˣǿǿ֮һɽ֮Ҳû֮һǿɣ
ĪͷΪΪǿߣǧ̤·棬ҲԿӣ֮У־ͳֻþδңѾΪһǺ֮𣿡
ͣǾ͸޷ͣû뵽ִҪΪǿߣȥܿܳħҲħħ֮УǰǸǿңħ𣿡
о񣬿ǸһЩǿߣ˫ͷɱ
Щ˫ͷ̫ˣһھҧ羧ڷʰȻв˫ͷһҧȥ
ԽǿЩ͸Ϊ󣬳ԼΪǿߣ˳ħҲ뵽Щ˫ͷӳְɣ
Ǳߡ
ָоϷ
̧ͷʱһƬ˫ͷӣһɻ籩
һ̣˫ͫ͵һǰŴ˫ͷӵķ籩֮УȻǷ籩廯ΪһӰ
ӰȻǿʩչģ֮𺳣ΪӰӣȻҲһģһ
Ϊλ
ϸһǰŴ˫ͷӵȷһģһֻһڰ·ڰ
ãٵȥʱǸڰԼ˫ͷɱƬǺӣʹЦݣͻȻصϷ޾֮С
˫ͷɱУ֮ϣһǿһδ˫ͷӽսһЩɱ֮УƬ綼𵴡
ˣ

뿴ĸ壬ⲻħһͷ
ϧһǿҴǧʱͻȻûһӴԽʱա¡


1752 
ٴοĻ棬Ѿ˫ͷӣԼһԼڰԪǧʱͷŵĹ档
ֻˣ
һ̤ʵϢ䣬üڷСǧÿһΣӦʵ缸ѩЩ㡭
СǧεѾΣһԤԣһ֪ҺΣСǧ󼸴ΣܻΪʵ
һλûлΪʵǴгһ󽭣ڴ󽭵İߣظ֮ʣһڽɳ̲
Ϊǰ£ȻĿ
£ʿ˵ֻз˲ŻΣʿһ棬ģĻ׷ȥΣ
ⶼΪСǧÿһζΪʵһгһ糿꣬һֱûٳֹҲûбΪʵ
úĪҳǸꣿȻ֮䣬һĳزΥԵֻ
꣡
Σ
Сǧ
뵽ǰãõǧʱλʯ־ңǧʱ󣬻ʱ䡢ȥδڣǰСǧξһ֪εȥٻΪʵҪģܶѩ㡣
ǾͶˣȻСǧ֪ǧʱйȥδڵȵҲ֮УôεǸ꣬Σֻһûˣڽĳһ죬ĳطɣ
Ϊ̫ͣ޷մǧʱ֪Ŷ϶СһҪǿǧ֮һҪôǧʱҵδȥܣ
һ̣ţ֮ǰ˫ͷӡԼһΣ
ӦδǹȥĳʱһᷢģҲǣǸδԼ
ղ֪֮УǸڰԼ˭ĪǷΪִӻ֮Ϊ˫ͷһ𣿡
ϣβֻ֪һΰˣħôǷǷҲ֪ǸһĿȥЩ飡
Ѫǧʱ
Χָһ㣬û뵽ʮȥ
ʱͨʵ𵤼ɲˡ
Ȼð亹԰׵ĺܣһˣǸڰңаӰӡ
ԭ䣬һɺϮĳԺǸ֮ȥĺڰԼ
ħ
ʵҲﵽɰ۷壬Ҳںϲ࣬ӡѾںһЩҺڴʵжྪˣͻƽɾ죡
Ҫͻһ磡
Գʶ׼ãڰºǰء
ת˲
׼ú뿪
ͨ˵ˣɹһǰȥأʱȻ֮ܳǰǴȥҴң׼
ȥǱԴȥģɹڶ࣬ڣҲкô
֮
һͼֻʥӣΪʥ죬ʵǳǿ
Χۼͱˡ
½λʥҲûʸǰء
˵λ󣬳ֱͷƣżԽա
û뵽ͻһ߾磬ˣǾȻԽ˲֮߿֮С
溧Ȼѣɿ󣺡ԽʥǺεȾ磿
ɿ󰵰صԽʥǾһո¾ˣ֮Ϊɡ
ɣ
ԶŴ𣿡סˡ
ҲԶйأҲûٹϵһϿɣһϵλӵΪԶŴ˵̤ɾ磬ӵժҴκͥǾԵĴ֮Ϊɳ̤ɾ磬̤ɽһ߶ȣģǿģʥ֮¾Ǵͬģ
ֲãͻƴ֮˲ǣԽǰҲҪüϢ
һκͥκ֮УǶǳϣǴϣܳΪߣһĴڣ֪ڣͥһһִһ죬ȥҲɵһϣӣ

ڣ
ǿɻˣҲ¹ȻǣҲɽ֮󣬵һסɽ
ʲôɽ䡢ߣڶһء
ˣ
ŮӵȴһᣬʹǷʮӰ
涨һʥ
̫ˣҿͨǶƸںɱôˣǿߣǡ
Ҳڳʥȥӭ֮ʣнĴڣֻͨ
ںδͷԪ
ڶϢʹңԶӦ֮ǰԨ𣬿£
ҼǰأҲϹȥǵΣվأַܵõ
Ҽʱ䣬һᰵ׷㣡
Ȼֹ


1753 豦̻ǿ

ʮʥӣն
ͨȥǰͿɣȻһ£֮Уǰ𪼡ԼһգκһӣΪ֮㵹
绹һλŮӣû뵽λΪһɲͨɣλɵĴڡ
ЩɹŮӢϵӡ̵ӣ඼ǳᡣ
лһӣӸλŮ̵һ࣬û뵽Ϊɲ࣬Ҳһ𣬲ŽɲõĴڡ
֮ע⵽ˣΪŮӣһеУȻǸ
עⶼѡ
λŮӣһ۶δ桢ֱͨӴŮӷա
ߣ
ٶȣ˵ͷ֮ɹȥһͨʥٶԶ
Ҳ֪λһǿŮ
ҲһɹƵ̵ӣԽ󲿷ֵӣɻһ㣬ϾǸڹߵˣʵλǿһЩ
ɹɳƵ̵ӣʮλɡʥȻȥضȡ
һ·ϳ֮⣬ûһ桢ͨ˵Ҳᵱ۵ʹκ鼸ȥ
ڻһӣ˼ҿǴɴڣһʵӣҲõɹϿɡ
һʱҪء
ǧ֮⣬ͣɡһٲۣ֮ԭϢ
ʱǰԶѹѹ޾յأ㣬Ȼܶأһξ̫ͬ࣬ͥ󲿷ǿ߶ˣ˵ͥɽǿߣкڰк޼ɣһΣء
Ҷ־磬ͻƼ죬ǹҲ԰ͻһ٣ֻҿõԵͻƣ
ɿһۣм̡
λӣ˼Ǿõˣ
ȻһӺ֮Ӱ˷һ١
ǿߣ
ΧĸΪ֮һ
뵣ģ
ǸеӣЦʦĺѣɣǺ豦̻һλ᳤ӡ
ȻͦץʱģһŮӶΪ֮⣡ͨǸеӣмֲˬ
ӣͨԴס
˼û
浹ǸȻ˼ǴɵӣոͻƴɣõƵ̵ӿġ
ȻǰüӰ
豦̻ᣬǿͥ󲿷ɳǣнз̳Ĵ̻㣬û뵽ʦʶ
ŮӣʥɣҲ˻գһһ棬ǼӰ
һλֻжʮ߰ӣһۣǴһ㣬û֮еݻ󣬵ϻǲزסǹɸеĴ֮
ϧɲ̫˧
ʥŮӻ͵͵ۣЩʥŮӣٳʲô档
˧˧ţҲʧΧŮӱ飬ǵͨΪˬơ
Ҳһɣɡʵ̫󣬻Ǳɹ̵ǿһЩҲš
ٿɴǼ֣Ȼλɣһߣûּʻһ֣ʱܳɱˡ
Ůӭݵ£ΧŮҲ۾Ŷ䡣
Ӵ磬ˣϾһ̫Ӵһ·չˣҵң
ɴȻ֣ǲӢҲԲϣҡͷСһ׮ܰλӣǶģȻ㣬λӵµһģһ·飬¶Ҳһ׮£
Цˣ
ɡһһԾֵлЦòĶˡ
ɽʼڻˡ
ͨˬģɣһﻹȻǸ椸ְŪ̵ӣǰһǷǮƵģǰȫ˸ˣ
ûʵУȻǷߣֻͨˣͨʵǷۣǼǲڵģǷݣͲ࿴һۡ
氵пɣǳƽĵɾͲͬˣǿߣʵԽǣԺ豦̻ᣬ˱Ȼʶύ㣬˵Ů˶ᶯģɹ󲿷Ůӣٳм֮
ϧӿô˧ӣߣͨǲġ
ҾˣǸϵ˼һھ˵ˣȻԼǷݰĽ֮ģ䣬ɡҲһ㣬֪ʲôˣһǰû˿أٿǸȻ㣬ǲҴ𣿡
ˣͱǺˣİŮ飬Ҳˣ
ͳ
ÿԩ
Ҳһ䣬һ䣬ȥðյġ


1754 ͥǿ
ɵŮĲٹ⼸ǰʮ춼ܶ˶ãһرҪ
ҲᵽͥǿߣһЩţһãΧر
ͨڰɣ̸һУҲĬĬʥںϡ
Ƹ֮Уս޷
ͼ
ͻȻ䣬Ϊ֮Ŀ
桢ͨҲؿɣΪʱᵽһ⣬Ǿɽ˶֪ͼ
ɡһɣǺ豦̻ṫӣ̻鲼ͥȻ֪˷ɽ󶯾
棬ֶӴ磬ͼˣǰ˴˵ڻıɽҲͼ˹ȥѰңȴһֱûģ
ɽζ˵ɽǴδţ֤ʵǼٵģһɽ磬ǰһŹͼΪͼ
ͼȷͼ֮һΪû
ҪƬɽǻȽңԶһҪԭ򣬽ͼһͨյϹǿ߶֮гģʱֻһ˼֪Ϣδܵ⣬һЦپͷ֪ͼˣ
ܵõͼһʿ
ʿʱ׷ɱǵõͼȻǸ֮ǰõͼδһΪ޼аõͼһ޼аõ޼ͼҲ˷

˶ס֡
ڵõ޼ͼ޼аͼǶǰõͼµĴڡ
ҶɵõͼδΪһ
ɲˣƺ̸ܽʶǵⱲҲһ⣡
ɵį
κһΪˣǳįҲﵽʮϣ֮УڴǸߡԶء
ɵӣŮӣػģλа˷ͥǿߣǴǿߣһɢţǾͻȥڡƺǡڡħЩͥ棡
ڣ
ƺǡڡħŲͥΪǿ
ΧŮЩһһ
ŮϲҲ𣿡

ǾǵһͥԵİ
Ҷɣ΢ЦͷȻسͬԹͥڶ棬ɹ֮ӦԺҲȥЩϡ棬ɽ֮Уߴ֮һϾͥͥӦñţһΪ߶ȥǸЦ
ۣ̫ˣ󰡣ǿͥİһӶǷ֮
ŮӸΪգĸͣ
Ϣ죬ɾ¸֣ɹһ˷Χ
桢ͨһθӦϤյϢ̫Ϥˣ֪һεȾĶǡ
ɴŴҷյΧСԽƬյһԭ
һ۷壬ӥվڴأչɡ
ӥɽΧ֮Уһǳ֪ﲻյأǲðϢ֮ء
δӥɽ˾ͼʱʱʹӰ˷յ֮Уɳһˣӿӥɽ֮С
ӥɽգѸӦǧϢϸϸиӦȻϢܸӣӦںÿ˶Ϊﵽ۷壬״һϣо
һ޴ﾹвˣӥɽֻյΧ֮УһɹϢ֮ء
ôӣ
һƯĽ
ԽӥɽΧڲֺ֮УһЩڰվˣɹʮŮò
ɹӣŮΪţ
Ҳ˴һ˴磬ϳɹ
ΪŮ֣ܶ˶֣һ̣ɹŮӣҲɫˣ󲿷ֶͥеͥ
֣ˣ
Ȼɽͼ䣬ʮʿ
ǡڵӰ
Χ˼Щ˳֣һɵ
ǲţ𣿡
Ǵ֮УרƷĴʦᰡŲʮӣ
ˣȺɹŮӣΧֺɳͶ־ʮʿ
ڵˣ
ɹⷽŮǣȻɼɹȥͽ˼ʮ緢Ӣʵϡ
ЩһһӣȷƻۣǶǵۣϷģһʥֻǽɡ
ַۣܿʥ׽۷Ӳȣַ̺ͬˮ֣һ㶾Կ⡣


1755 ˲
Ǵһӹǵ۶ǿɣ紩һס
֣Ƕ˰ɣ
ԷΪǸӷɹȥӵ
˺Ѽ䣬Ľˡ
һ̣ע£ɡ񣺡λӣǿǧδλӸˣ
ʦ֣
ɡҲί
û뵽ʦ㣬ʶӹӣʶľӰ
һɹŮӶҪˣĶɤ۱ĳ
˫һӣɹŮΧʮһܵĿȺɽ֮С

Ȼ䣬ƴǰ
ʮˣ
ƺǵӣ
зڵӣ
ͥû뵽ɹϵ㲻򵥣
ö˶Ľһеӡ
Ϊ־ˣû뵽ǰӿٴøǧ˷ˡ
ϾЩˣ඼ɳǡСɢޣУǻʵ뷲֮Ĳ࣬Ȼǳ
Ʒɳûͨˡƣʵɽһ㣬ֱʮ˶
ڣ
桢ͨӶ󷽣ԼԼǰ
ǿƺǾӡǬ粡ͥһ֮УְųɿԼȥҩŪһǹֲ
зڵľӡ̫ӡ֮֮֮ͥУһʵǿģ
Χ𺳡
̫ӣ
ʲôǬ粡
ֻǿ߰ˣʵȷ
ᵽ̫ӣͶˡ
ڣ̫ӣ
ɻ˲ǷڵӣҲģв̫ɻǺεȹϵ
ϧӣݲ桢ͨͨӿԼԼܼЩţɹŮӣһ㣬ӭӽȺɽ֮С
ܿһﻨȡ
ټΧɽڲкüȪ·ա
ҲвˣȻǵͥһЩۼ֮ء
ȣɹѱֳһȪϢӵһʱЩȥμӲᡣ
Ůӡ桢ͨȪϢ
үүģ󲿷˶ʥɶûʥ࣬Ҳ٣ΪΪʥܺߣû뵽ͷëë棡
ȪԱߡ
桢ͨҲһ㣬ûһŮԸһ𣬶ԶԶȥΧһЩ졣
˴Ȫ֮û뵽Ȫֲ֮ôѡ⴦档
ּͨŮӶǣȥЩ죬пǱһŭ
ڽʥ𵤰һ˿˿֮С
Ҳ˲תڲ̺ռ򡢷ࡣ
ʦ֣
ʱһЩŮӺȻɧԭɡһȻԻص֮С
Ҫ˵˵ЩҲǿԵģ˸ֶŲ
һʱŮӶۼȪԡ
ʦָղλʦȥһǼڡƺǡڵȵȴ˰ɣ
ЩӶᣬΪϴɣŶʮӣǹһӶ޷̤ɡ
ŮǼΧȻھһ㲻
ȻǣֺǺǵһи⶯üͷЩŮС´ʲôƵġ
ʲôзߣһŮӣΪʥΪȴɡͨ˾
ߣ
ͨ΢΢ȻֹԼͬһࡣ
ô󲿷ŮӣȻҲʶǣֻϹżĮӡ
ȻȻһʼ綯֮ҡͷ˼ҲǷߣȴԷȣǷҲһһ
˽ʲô˼æʵ
ȻΡȻһЦ޽ɣ꣬ͥǿߣܲ
޽ɣŴ˷꣬ͳΪһǿߵĴϲȥս֣ͬųһЩ⣬κͬʿ֡
˹Ҵʦϣȴокβ֮ͬѵҲŵ֣֮
ŮҲæᵽǸ޽ɡ
һŮӣ֪⻹⣬Ŵҵ棬Ͷȥһɻ
˾ŵ֣֮ﾺب֮ʦҲΪ̫ΪɣпܳΪ罣ģȻڿ档
ʵȻ
˻һȫŮҡͷ
Ҳ˼ܣ޽ǿϴڣԣһĴڣʦٷ֮һɹң
ȴòŮӣɶ棺ҿʦܵõ˿أ˵ǿδǱҲ˵
ʦòʵһ㣬ҴΪ޽ǸЦɹΪһʥƶѣΪҹֻܳΪһɡ


1756 ̫
Ҫ꣬һ㶼ʮ̤꣬ɣ޽ַߣֻ꣬ƾʲô
Ҳ˵ϾʦܣʦܣǷߣ޽ҲǷߣ꣬ǰڴ֮Ƿ磬ӦĴŲǣ
԰֪°
˵ҲۣͱЦʦˣ޽ɣ˼Ҳܶ࿴һۣʦΪǸһ֮ǰʶ̫ӡǬ粡Щˣ

һȺŮӣƽʱɹӣ޵£մĸӡ
ͻȻףͨЩŮʿһҲṴĶǣҲۣǷǡ
ڼֻĬĬţһԲ
ⲻͨһûǼĴǹû˵ߣһЩΣֻǵ͵ˡ
СһǣˣһŮӲûԸ̬Ц绨
Ȼ°ְַͣϥϣҲ̵ӣҲǿУЩΧʦÿ۽£
Ҫѿû뵽һֱǲںֻǲƽϡ
ںܿȻ
ӻһʼᵽЩţҪŮǰΪ̵ӣ桢ͨͨӵĲ֮࣬λĲƽȡ
ҲЩŮӲף֪ܲȻʲô˼
ɹΪŮӵһβŻڣʼջᱻŮѹƣеǿҲǿϹɣ
Ȼ֪һ㣬ⷬΪλѾԽɹųеӣܵõŮϿɣδɹ֮·ȻԶ
ͨף֮ȻҼЩɽ磬м˼ģ߾֤Щġ
ҿǾˣƤӣԼһοˣҲǼƽϣʲô֪ȴӣ˵ҲЦɣȻŮǰһλ
ڸʲô
֪Ӱ
ɡ񣬻гȼ̵ӡ
ǣû뵽󷽻һˣеӣ
Ȼڵͳͳ񣺡λϡʦ֣
һ£ʱ䲻ͨ˺úһľɢǰɣ쳾𣿡
Ȼæվһ屧ȭҴˣոᵽԷλ޽ɣҾͶ˵˼䣡
أʱվɡ󷽣λڵӱ̫ӿʵ
棿
һֻԼǲˡ
һڴΪͻȻɹӣص㻹һʥǵͨӣ
桭
һЩŮ˽£͵͵ԪĿⲻ䣬Ѿһ໺ȥ
ٺһ棬ɣ
ʱȻһŮӲżæڼǿǰãʵվࡣ
ŲǴ󲽣ҲСƽɢٶ̬һɵӣʥϴɸеĴݡ
İ̫쳣
Ҳ֪ͻȻʲô
̫ӡʶɣ
пܣɹžԶȥҲҪ꣬οһɣ
Ҳλϣ̫͸¶Ƿݣ̫Ӻһպֻ̫ͳϻ˳һ۰ˣ
˵
վʮɹŮӣһ̿Ĭ֨ʵϰȻš
ʦܹ򶨰ˣҲӦ˵ģ֪˿λϿӣλ̫ǷڴСΪ֪ε˶ԷһУӰ찡
ʱȻŮǣΪĵ˵
棡
һǰɲʾ⣬̫ӣո̫ңΪľǰ¹Ǽ£Ȼû˵ѣ̫˵꣬ɹ׷£
ʲô¡
ΧǷݿֵ飬ԽԽء
̫Ӵʱ棬ɡʾ⣬вɹκһӵĴڡ
ᶼûбС
ʲôȻԼΧЩòɡŮӣҲƵġ
̫Ŀⶼϣ¾ɹ󲿷ֵӣڵһҲš
̫ͻȻ΢ЦҼ˵һ㶼ߵȷһִ󲻷ʣᵽһðգҼӳȣڷھһҪ㣬˵ллǸĸӣ޵ˣɲడҶۡ
ʶ
УȻһȺŮǶһϹۣ˹ľģ
ڶĿ£Ż̫ӱȭҵöлӣһ·ӻǴðչҵ֪λѿɺã


1757 ͯ
̫һ̣ѣһҪأҼҪԹģ¹ڱչؾޣͻƴ٣õų״ͨŰ¹ӦҼҰӣҳ֮ǰӻһȥһɹɹ˵˵ܺã
ӣ
÷ţͥ¹ӣ
˵˺һ󣬾ɡ񡢳ȣҲǻǲˡ
ܿˣɻ¹Ϊãȥڣ¹ҲȻ̫Ϊ硣
̫ⷬɼ¹ڷڹܺá
һһλǹû¾ͺã̫ӻȥ鷳ҲΪ´һ仰˵ɵį
̫ףУһΪأΣٲ˵ģһһԽܵͥܶʶͥѣɽߣĪ󣡡
˻һ̫ⷬһͨˣʲô档
κˣһɣ޲ͬ⡣
澹Ȼ˺һ񣺡л̫Ӻ⣬Ӧ֪ˣҲ֪̫ǳҪһѣҾ޸Ƽϲȥðգɽ磡
Ҳǣ֮ǰҶԷ߲̫˽⣬ӵ֪һðգԼȥһЩ飬Ҳ֪ΪߣԼأҼӣ·ΪĿ꣬ɱ㣬˼˼
̫Ī˷ܵشȭͷȻɡ£뿪˴
ȥɣֳĸǴľ
Ψǰȥ
֮УҲֻгʶҲֻǾеˡ
ȻˣѾʧˡ
գиݼɡ񣬵ȻŮҲȥϾһܼ̫ˡ
Ҳ·ΪĿꣿҸҪŬУ̤ɰ۷壬ǧ·
һֱû뿪һͨȥΡ
ȥʲô
ǳȥɹݣȥҺ豦̻ṫɣһЩ
Ǻܻùϵ
һ죬ֳͨȥڻһ߶߶ǰˣγȥõɶöˣ
öͨ۵ģһϱ
ͨͷһӡ澹ȻСкֻһѾû˺ǿʢ͸㣬Լıҩζ
ͯɽ˵Ϊͯ
һͷˮкʲôͨͯǲǿߣֶΣһЩ֮ͨУץָոճһӤȻñ׵ټϸӤУʮꡢꡢǧͳΪͯ㿴ͯϣҩô˰˲ιһģֻʱû˲ιǰ㳤ʮǰ㳤ãͯЧ˲ι಻󣡡
澹һȣüķ·𣺡Ĩɱ뷨ʱɣаħ֮
ŵͨ¸ͣþûϽͣˣ⡢ɽ磬Ȼƽʱʵϣ˶ڰ̻ͯᡢǿ߹ͯǳԻˣرͻԼˣͯǿرҪΪ̺ͯⷽ泬˲ι˲ι̺ǲϴʵɽ֮Уˣ˳ڣһͯ׼ţ
Ϊ֮ҲȥܣͨǴɽһ̣ʬɡǿ󣬵ǻɱˣʬɼңԼǣκһȥ޹ˣģ
ǡǣ
Ҳ֮ǰǱʶʬУаħ֮ҵȷ㣬߲Խҵĵ߾ǲɱ޹ֻɱЩߡߡŭߡɱ֮ˡ
СףͯѾˣüƷ鵤ȥħǿģܾ˰ɣɡǮǺòġ
ͨˣ
ŷӡͯӲãҲá
ӵ᲻ð
濴˿в죺ţȽյ鷳ãԺĪȥͯʵȲ϶컯ʬЧѪЧ죬ڶʱǿ󣡡
ͨϲâѹģͷһ飺֣ˣγȥٹصͼͥ飬һݡ񡯣
Ϊ񣿡ž޲ĵ
˲μ·⶷·йأ
·йأ

µ˼֮ǰȥ·սأҲټɽǿ߷ɣҪǴ֮е
̫󣬸ǿҪȥ·棬Ϊ¹һ죬Ҳȥ
֮ǰҲȥ·ֻҪΪǿ߾ˣʵҪȥ·ɲֻʵеģҪһݣ
ʱͨ˵


1758 붷
ӺͿʼ·һأǾǷǲμ·ߣȳΪߣݶ񣬶ֻǲμ·ŴڵģնأҪμ·ʵǵһʵҪΪߣնأμ񣬱ȥնɱڰǿߣûӲԹ涨ֻɶ񣬲ܵõϿɣϣֳֶȥ컯ɽ̤·棡
ҪΪߣ񣬲ܲμ·棿
һʱ
һˣ
񣬻նɱڰǿߣڰǿ߶ʶΟ֪ˣ˵ԭˮǵȴڡ
ǿĿãиΪǿڰǿͨڰ֮ͥ
ҪΪߣ̫ˣһ漣ģưܳһ˾Ͳˡ
ڲףΪ·аҪɿ治ס
ˣҿְרŴһЩСϢΪߵȷѰа취ģ
Ŷ
ٺ٣˶󣬾Ӧ԰취ΪҪλɱڰǿߣʵͨ¹ڰǿͷ­𵤣ûȥܽԺܶͷǿߣǮһҲ԰дǿȥ
ˣǻ󰡣
ҲĽ֮ǰһߣʵǿֵ𾴣ʱɽڶǿ֮Уһɣоų˻ÿԼȥ񡣡
ң취񣿡

Ҳӹ֮ˣûΪߣ̤·ҿܻͬ㽨飬ֶΰ񣬳ΪߣڵңûеǸأһԿԼʵȥԼȥ񣬾ȥ·棿ѹƵǿߣ
⵹ǡ
ԭЩƤЦΪ¹͵ͨ
һһͻȻ֪˵ʲôãͻȻãԭ⼸δȥʶ档
£ûһˣ׽񣬳Ϊߣ̤·
ʵֻҪΪߣ֮ϣΪҫʱ
ͨ˫ַϣˣݣԺúÿΪϣѾв֣ǰ񣬳Ϊ˶ߣ֮ϣ
ô˿ʼ񣿡ӹϷһǲǿ
·ʮһΣ䣬Ѿ˿ʼȥһͥǿִͨ˵꣬ȥһˡ
⿪Ϸӡ
չʱ澹ȻһǿջƸһж졣
ǿջ֮Уע뷨ǿջʼһǹ⣬Ȼǹ컯ΪһӰ
ܿʵֱһӰֻСָСɶڲռɲССӰȫԴɡ
濴ЩˣҲ֣Ƥƺ˺֡
Щ˻վ˫ֳָֻɽҲ緢źڰͷ­
նɱڰǿߣͷ·ڶǿ֮еѪ
ټɽʱգ඼δŹĴڡ
ͨԣвˣֶλöݣǶ񣬿һΪǳԽʥɵĴڣûʵѧ޷Ϊߡ
ú沢δڲǿ˶ס
˶ߣֻǴſһۣھ붷̫硣
ǧ꣡
ҲԴ󲿷˶ԣֻգ۹򣬶ꡢʮǿ߶ԣ㲻ֵһᡣ
ڷʱ䡣
ɽ֮УԣǧҲɵ׺ɣ
¿ɺˣոλʦ˵̫潣ˮź飬ֹ֮ͥͻ̫潣Ųȡжʱɹ֣ͥĳ̫潣šˮţ
棿
ܳɣһʦÿЦ˵ڲǿΪ·׼ɱˮǿߣܵߣ
ֹ죬ΧŮٴξۼ
ݵΪȤغˮţ·
Ůԣ̫潣šˮҪ֣֮·籩ϯɽҪʱ
Ϣһ࣬ɡټˣҪʽðգܶ뿪ӥɽ
ҲʮˣɹͬУڷڡڵȴҲ̳
뿪ӥɽãΧյأ䲻ǷѸоһЩڰϢϢյԨ
һ·ϣɵһǰУɹ˸овڣΧأ˲ѹѹأǿٶȡϢڱ仯
ΪɣλΪ͸ѹȸУȻĲʱڰйݷȻ˳Ϯ
յϢ֮Ҳʼ̺һЩζʱʱܸӦһЩϢ


1759 Ӥ

뼸ǰ̽·ǿߣɲǴӰǰͷ
һ罣ں⻹ΧĪǾΣˣ
һſսۼб˺ʬ壬ЩʬࡢͷǶͿգ༫Ϊҡ
ЩԴ󲿷˶˾ռߣмŮ޷ܣ桢ͨԸʲô
滹ǷֽɣΪǿߵĺôӦԸ⣬ΣտǰӦһЩԽһвǿǿӦ
ǵϴأʱɣΧʱʱ̿ıκϢΣյģӵʥʵΧյش󲿷Ϣʲô
̣
ɵǿ߲ųףΧɢŴԼʮʬ塣
ΧЩѷ졢ʯѨͻȻ죬ʲôӵ
Ҽæۼһɼǿͷ˲䣬Χ¡¡ըѣĩɣɢ䵽ǣеʯǧ׸߿ա
ɿΧһǿߣʲô
յش𣿡Ҳ׼
һᱳˣŲмȻһȣʲôǹҲգնǣ
ǡɽׯׯĹӺĪɣԵŮӱǱӢס
ɽׯͥɹ΢΢ǿһЩһɽׯרɽͥҲһλġ
ϵܣƺܲԾȾһˣǰһͷЩʯΪ촷ۡ
أ
ζζ
Χһʯ棬ǿӿݡ
һӰӵʲôһЩƤڣѪɫС
ֲֺӣԼʮСеݣеķ֣壬ûκζڵ壬ƤճŶʺζӷġ
Щ˿һۣԶ޷ǵǶ죬Ѫ߳ЩСУѪڵʯЩʯһЩľ綾Һ塣
ЩС·֣һǿȥ粡ƵģûһѪɫ
ùȻһΧֹ
ǡ
ӤסԨ֮УҲԨӤҲйӤϲĹ֮С
Ǵ֮УԺڰǿ壬ֹӤССȴ綾ܷһԪͻһԪ
ɹΧЩǿߣһʱϳЩС
ǳԽɣɡִڣӤҲһ޲ߡ
ЩǿߣҲһˡ
ΧǹӤֻһս÷Զ̹Īǣ綾ǳ£ѪٶȾˣƻʥ۷巨
ãǲųδϰȻϢɱһֲɱһ·ߣ
ǿվ˳һ
˶һһһҪϢϵڶ̶ʱ䣬亹ʪ͸
ಣ
ʮǿӣ罣ɽׯĪɣԼɶڵһʱ䣬ͷŴɾٶƣȥ֮⡣
ݣ
ɹڵӣõɡƶһ̣ЩǿɱɽΧڰռ䣬ʱҫԣڣۻƱȥ
ɹƾ级ˣһɹڵǰΧ˷ɱȥλɵ˲ƽκδڣֻʣ¹⻬ʯʲôʬ塢ľԱɹû
ʲôӤɹӿʼ׼ӳȥͨλǿֶͬʱЩмЩӤ
㶮ʲô
ȻǰһЩ
һΪеӣŮӵλ̫ˣںϺ󣬱ʮŮӡ

ȻһָΧ
桢ͨȥڿʮɹƣɨΧκʣĥƽ¶Ӳʯ
Ժɨһ
ȴҿ˿ͬʱҲһЩӤʬ壬󲿷ֶǲɣ泯ڵϡ

󷽸ӤȻץʯ֮Уȴɹ˹ȥһͷźڰһ˫˫۾ѪɫѪɽڰ֮Ķ衣
Ȼһ̣ûƽʱֲһ֪˰ɣӤеĿ¹Ϊɽߴ¾֮һɣԻɱĴڣ
ҵĹԹ԰Щһץɿܡͨؿɾ°͡
أ
һӤܣһֻ޴ܵŵأٶȱȴҲضãɱ
󲿷ֻҲֻܿǹӤĲӰ
ۣ
˵ʱʱ죡
һӰһȭսסӤ
ݺڹӤϣǹӤźѪɡ
֮ʵģǽɽׯǸһ̤صĺĪɡ
ӡӣǴɹ׼룬ҵΪ㿪·
ʮ֣һɢȥ࣬ΪƽԵ㣬ץ׽âһͬһѹ轣Ӱն¡


1760 
һնɱ׽⣬žһնǰʮֻӤ룬ǵٴʮɽӡ
ӤҲնɱֻ򱻽ɡ
лң
ɹʮˣͱסơ
ɡͷŴƣƿǰ޽ƽ֮ʣһ˲仯Ϊһݷɶȥ
ֻʣ¿һм֮
ͨ桢Ȼһ̣Ҳֻ۰ͰͿŴӤǰӹ
˽ӴӤ׼Ѫµף˿һӶǡ
ڸյڶϢƵ̵ƿ˷ɳһ֮⣬ͷҲظϽա
һӳʮҲӦӤаϢ
ɡŽɢȥԼգֺУֱӦϰϢһѹѹֺ֮ɡ
ֺһԭϰϢЩһͥһط
ûдӣɹһЩ˺עһǱȥһѰطϢ
ӤһĻɡҲĿ
ɹʮӣϢԶĳڰԨڣһˡ
ԨͷһâûǰȻһƲǿ硣
ΧּˣһΪû˿Ϣ
Щ˽£Ÿֶʬ壬Ҳдʬ塣
ζڲһߣΧһСƯһɹѪɫ
ͯ
߾ĳزûѪ˾ͬһֽɼüĴԼԼһյ̫͵ƣҲ֪εȹ
ˣ
߹¡
ޱ飬罩ʬûɱ㣬Ҵô˵ɣشʲô
ֲף˶ţҪͷСûɱˣҲδ뵽鱦ղŲһʿ֮УȴʮŮӣһԪ֮ǳŨң֮Ϊʥɣ
ʮʥŮӦĳһӣûУڰħΧ٣Щͯһ롣
ɹӣһСĵˣֻʮӣŮΪɹ֮Ҳһͨǿ߰ˣټͥɹǼ
ɹ˰
֪ɹɣ
һΣͥвᣬҲͥǧȥڲϣɹջ᳡ϣٵͷò
ܲμᣬӦòһǿߣ
ôҲһ䣬ӦõģⰡһڲϼ᲻ֻ࣬ʺһˣû뵽ʮĽ죬л
Ҫǳ𣿡
ȻҪҴŮ˫ޣԪ֮Ƹںϣ⸱Ƥң޷սʤοٴ˰иɹ׵Ϲ°ˣԪָɣ
лˣ
˷ޱȡ
ָɰβסϲãҪ֪κһ˶ϲɣȴǰƿ䱯
ôҲһǿߣ
Ⱥȥüָһֵĵƻͯһ֣ҪҾͷҪأⷽͥףײء
һصƻ֣ɼ·̳ʬ壬֮࣬ƻĳڷ֮Уʬ徫ƺЩʬ֮УҲһƻķա
ɹһֿʼҲӦϡ
ؼǺڰ޹⣬ϢϢںϣϡ٣ֻܽʯڣʯϢ

ȴ֣ɡλƽɣȻ޵ϢƺǹϢԽ֮ϡ
͵͵ᡢȻ½ɣЩͨɣ޷Ƶ̵ֶΡ
յϢ˸ӣΪ˿ɣʱӦںҲܿӣһϢ
ȻͷԪһԪ򣺡Ҫģаأɽ磬δ⿪ܣǵͷȥ棬Ҳֻһ³
յ룡
ǵȷ˵ķĹǾ߽ȥҲп䣬Ҳֻϡ
ʱƸںϣ֮ɿӦͷţ֪ɡ֣ΪܳԽЩˣһ޵Ϣ
ҿ
ǣɿλʥʵͨʥӦںϡ
ںϻãں֮ɿ󲻷ǶȥʱУĲֺͨɫĻɫش
޴ڵĻɫظϢųֻаٷ֮һ


1761 ǳ֮
ɡͷͷһȻӺɫ֮ϣǸӸ߿֮УǴӺڰһƾ纮һĺɫߣͷ
ŴͣһθӦɣ˺˷֣ɡͷͷԾ֮ϺɫߣǳᡢȻ뼸ŮӣͷҲͷָ磡
ɿòŵˣҲǵһοֳ
ɡƴɣһϢϢ̫ˣ
ˣȻǵһۿҶһ˽ģ֪ΪΣ
˵˵
˵ˣǴӷӦ֪ʿкβֻܻͬ꣬ʿ֮󣬿Իǧ꣬Ϊ޷ֻͨϢţʿճȻϢǿԪȻܻꡣɡʥ緲ˣɾʿʥˣֻͨΪ̤ɣճԽĴڣ
ԭˣ
ΪҪ̤ɣ𵤣𵤲ǱںϣҲһԴȪͨɡʥ֮󣬽𵤴ﵽһ̶ȣܹ⿿ǿ󣬶ҪԽĴڣ
ε

ʲô
֮飬֮СʿκҪҲʯ̺ľ
ɿ󻺻ʾ濴߿գԽ֮Ϊ̫֮֮Ҳǳ֮֮⣬֮Ǻ֮ϣǳգ
̫֮
֮
ǳ֮
ˣ㡢ҡˣ֮ǰյֻΪΪ֮У֮ڲʵѾɸӦΧЩǳ֮ý𵤻գ֮ǰɡĪɵˣʩչǵȴɻɱӤΪƿͨˣ޷յǳ֮
ô˵κˡֻҪ̤ɣдʵҲճԽĴڣ
ӵģҲҪʡŻͨ𵤲ǿȻǳ֮Ҳܲף㿴ɡƴɣԴǳ֮ɼ಻ף
찡
ǴɣѾɽ֮УǿˣɲܸӦǳ֮Ĵڣǳ֮͵ڳԽأԽ󲿷ͨˡˡ
Ҫ̤ʥ
ĪżΪͻ˿ֲʵǿ󣬵̤ʥܿӵдʵһ̫ȥ׷󾳽磬֮ǰ˵ѽ𵤡ã̤֮󣬼Ԧǳ֮
ˣ
潫Ӧջأһ̣Ŀ·Ѿ޷ƽԼڣǿࡣ
֪޵ôɣǳԽأ
˵ھһ硯ء֮С
ԭˣʣҲŵ֣֮ǳʵѹƺڶҡ
㽫ʥһЩܣңú˽֮󣬿ܲڽɽ׶ΣںЩ
þòԼƽһηʱ䲻á
ʮ˼Ҫյʱգÿɫ쳣ء
롭
һ̣ΧһЩŮٶ
ɡҲĳЩ֡
ͨҲ֪棺ˣյϢ֮Уһ㣬ڱҩſ
عлղţͷŸӦ˲һչͷš
ȷ㣬ڱҩ˵ǣһ־йȱҩΪˣһǲرϸӦ֮󣬶ʱʲô
ԪԺصܺãпΧҩĪҪ
ǣ
Ҷ˷ڴš
ÿ˺һ˫˫۾ΧڰֺϣԼǵһֱˡ
ߣ
Ϣ֮󣬿˷֣óᡢȻں󷽶ϺƵ̵ӻҷ
ڵСں󷽸ţһһСģƬ̴⣬Ҳͬʱںڰ֮
ʮŨҼҶоҪʧȥһ㣬ڸˡ
ǰһγɵĵؿӣܾˣʮ￪⣬ףóһ״Ӧò̫
ʹ޿±ԵһǣײĶ

ÿ˶̲ס
ʦ㣬²˳٣˵˷֣ڹ;УһժȡȻ뿪ȿɡ
ã
ɳں󷽾ϣҲֻгᡢȻЩӣǿ֮ϡ
桢ͨٶϺȣһȺŮ˦ס
ʦ㣬ζǱҩٱǿңһȫڻƵģ֮ڻƵģĪǡ
֮е
ǰĿ񣬴˵


1762 ҩ
пҲһ걦ҩܴﵽ걦ҩҩҲ˾ˣҸʦʶһ꣬һ˫ͫĿ⡣
ϢŮӾʹŮӣԨǻһɫ
֮УԼԼܿһɫݣԼ߸ߣͷâﵽ
ӦǱҩ걦ҩ񾪺һ̲סٶȣٴ

ŮӶɫ棬桢ͨ˦Լףһʱ޷ȥ
ͨʧĺܣĵˣǹռôˣ
Цɡڣκα޹أܼʶ˲۽Ҳǲģ
¡
ɾ˲䣬ո˵ꡣ
ͻȻڣըһĿ貵Ļ棬һʱ佫޿Ԩ
ըǹɻ֮ϯײԨһ⣬ʯ˲䱻ըմ
ɹʮŮӣҲѾǱը棬ûΧʼ޿Ҳڵضɽҡ
ˣôˣģֻǾ౬ըԼԶըƣѾ˿ֲƶ
Ǳը֮ʮʯֲﱻһա
ͨ˿ֲɲǰͷʥץɹʹʥ۷ɽɽϢΪһɶྪ˽ǰ
¡¡
ɽɶ֮ţͨ˫ְɽϣþȫһ̣赲ը
ϧ˲䱻ûˣ
һڿֲը籩֮УɱɶϣͨơƲ˺顣
ɶһ飬ɽƶ޷ֵɱը
ͨƴȫֵˣΪλ
ֻоͷĿѣڱը֮Уȫûκģֵܵ˿տ֮أͻȻְ걦ҩͷʮңԶΪֻŵ˹Ҳһʼŵζһ̣һ壬һı򲻿ɡǿߣҲ޷Σգ
ҩ˹ǵģˣͨҧгݡ
䣡
ɶͻȻˣ

ֱӺɱɽɽֵͨǰ첲ȶ˺ۡ
ҲÿʼѪ
ʥʵһɽȻ޷ֵըˣɱը壬Ȼɲõģɵǿ߶ԹӤǲ߶ȵģ
ۣ
ͨ˵꣬Ҳ̲סѪ
֮ץסɽըײκˣֱ˺ףը
ͨϥ£ҲֻǱ壬˾ȻըʮϢ䣬ˣǱ
ǺʱСˣ
ɱҪҶͷ­
һĮ˺󷽳֡
⣡
桢ͨƵһ
ԭǱˣ
Ӱ࣬һˣϢаֳɱѹ桢ͨϷ
ǡɣͨѪѪ˭֪ٶһ£ͷ­᲻Ϊء
𶯣ٿһˣһˣǴΪϢž綾Լһħ
ħ֮УӦһϤĺڰ
Ӧһͨˣ⼸˲ħ֣ϻϤĺڰ䲻̫ǿңЩˮһǽ˺ڰħͷ
ҿһͬˣˮŸЩˡֻͨʵˡ
һصͷ¶һѪʵͺãлܣȻǻᱻƳΪܣ⻹õģ³ǱԣǴɣħ
һŵģҡҵ֪λˣ˭ǿе˭
˭ϡħˡǿߣǺһɰЦ
ħˣ
λ˭ʡ
ħ˶֪ͥΧʿҲǴӣĪеģҲɹӣɹŮ𣿡
ǡɹӣ
ԭŶǼٵģɹҲеӣΪôŮˣĹһȻ֪ħ˴ͥһħͷǿߣͥаĴڣ
ԭ˲Сˣ
桢ͨæͷ
Ҳٴһһͥħͷ
ˣǿߣҲͰˣͻȻͳһͥϴԿǿߣⲻ
꣡
һɻնͻȻӾ޿
˼æȥԭһ
ոձȷǿ޿ٴ𵴣˲һħӡϷһѹ
һ˲䣬Ǵͱѹ˺ѣΧɢȥ
֮гֵˣ桢ͨ¶ϲ


1763 ħ
ڣֻɡƵ̵ӣһ˴߶ɽһ˴߶һöָ󷨱֮ͷųԿϷǿħɷ
֮£ǳᡢȻʮӣǴ඼ˣֻдΪ̵ӺһЩ
ʽ
һӰһӣ·ѹɻĿ̵ͷɱâϷɹе̣ǵ̵Ӷϻʽ
ķħʿѹŭĮȻʡ
˲δż֣ħū˭ֻҼˣӦħ˵ɣ
ħˣ
ɲҲãһڴ䣬׹´أǵ̵̬׷顣
һ̵ӣһҲǻҰףҲܣŲʮǰΧɱħˣħˣǰħҲɱܻţ
ˣͥħܣֻħ֮һȣ䣿Ҽڻĺúõģ
ħǿߣֵ⣬ЦȻ֪ҵħǿߣǾӦѡΪУȥˣ
ħȻδǰ˾ͥϴħͷרͨˡŮ
ñҩǶɱĪǻһ·ɣ
ħͷɹӣɹҲʿħ
ԣʦ㣬ҲҪħͷͬھ
ɡһһԴǼңóǻŭڷա
ȻҲ֮٣ΪûѡܲħﳼһӶΪ
絽ͷһ
뷢һĻͨоŵˣȻҲ鷳ˣ
Īżʥ𵤣ָ˵еʱʱҲǵģ棬ֻ򶨡
ӷ絽ɽ磬ٲ°ٴΣʱ澳Ͷһųġ
ͳͳЩСǶʵͻȻ޿Ϸһ
ಣ
ʮħӰͨҲֻʣһ˿ˣҲ˹ȥ
ʮħǿߣˣɲͷħɷ·ջһϷΧ
ô
淴ƲƲ죬ĮȻһɨԱѹħ֣ȻһɣֻһͨɣдҲƣȻҪһ㣬˸ûнҷУδͷȫѹ
ͨ˲˼ƴǴһΪҲʥ죬ʵܴﵽʥ죬ˣҲдɸеʵˣ͵ϮҲǰٷְܳɹ֣
ҲɰգɱɴɾʵôѸͣ
⡢Ȼ޷Ԥϣһʬ徫㹻Ǽˣʮʵ
Ͷˣ׼ж֣ɱ˱һɱҲΨɽ
ȫˣ
˰ƻ취
¡
һ̣ʮħɷͻȻھ޿Ϸ
һɫޣڰ趯
ʮǿͷħɷ·ջ棬ǻԿָһöɫʽָ
ȻһϵɱؼƷʻڻʽס
ʽѾټɽ֮У֮ٵĴڡ
һҪסȻƣҲδռݾϷ磬ʽ׷óѣ
֮£
ɡʲô߶ԿΧһħɷ֮»ڲһδ𵴣Ҳδγ顣
ᡢȻɣ΢΢һЩͷӳΧ֮С
ʮʥŮӣֻܲ·ɽƣԤŹƱ飬ħɱ
ʥϵӣһ̶δΣյͨˣʱʱ¡üͷſֻš
֮
Χпöʽ׻ϵָͷŻħ棬ħǿ߹̫
ɹϳ֣Ҳǻʽףָһ㣬ɱһ⽣
䣡
ɱһħɷƣħɷ֮Ȼնϣҽħɷħ֣Ѫ
ã
ɹһŮӣһĻܹ谡
ϷˣҧòӣһΪﵽɾ۷壬֮ǰǣЩҪѹǣǳѣ
ˣʱչʵ˰Ե澳ɱֲ
⣬ͨһ氵ɽ֮һ涢ž޿
ΪһѺȻû뵽£ɻչ˲ʵ
Ϊȡʱ䣬ʵҲΪ棬ԽԽħǿע½ħǿߣٳֶԸΧħǿߣǲɹӳ
ˣǲߣĻٴ֮УǸǴɶ֣
ΪģΪˣΪˣܿЩŮӣ۸ɣ
ԡ
û뵽֮ͨǰЩСۣⷬԥҪһԸħ֡


1764 ͵Ϯ޹
һϢϢȥ·޿֮У˫ɱһغϣ˭Ҳûռݾƣ֮Сԣħռƣħɷ֮ѹɹˣ޷ɹһľʱֻ֮ɱ
ħַӡ󷨣ֻҪһңӳȥӳһһ
ħ֮£
ָƯţڿ߶·վ棬۵ÿҪֲ֧סһ㣬üͷһ㾧ӨˮϸС顣
ֿ˼æɡ
˵ǾȶʦڱԴģɱһֲܳɹĻҿԱʵɹһʩչαԴģ
ã
ԴģǿһǿߣǿıԴ
ڵҲʼʩչ
Ӵ֮˶ͷھɺȻһɨ·ˣҪһɱȥ˱ԴĺϻͷţЧã

һŮӶסˣɱȥĻΣա
ҪԸ£Ȼţ
Ǿˣǳ⣬ף·һŮӣ׷׿Ȼ
ǽȻ
ʦã
֮ɫ
óһһʯ̶ɣǲһ飬һⱻŮһͬ󷨱֮С
գ׾޴ӽָϷɽȥ
ȥɱ񽣡
𣬸Ϸܻ漸Ϸħǿ߿淢¡
һɱһۣǣȻͻȻ뽣ۡ
ý֮⣬ħɷѹɱһһﳤѷ죬۾ͨȻŽ뽣һˡ
ħħǣȥɣ
Ȼۼͷһûħǿ߷ۡ
ȻԼУݺץ֮ӡüϷüͻȻɶݳһġ
ֻһߣȻɱȥħ֮УȻ˲޴󻯣Ȼһ
ǽľ޴ͬʱչħ֮⡣
á
ħ־һЩѪħ֮ⱬը
ħѹƿа˲
ɹˣɱһֲ׼ӳȥɡ񼤶麹
ͷʮŮӣŻ潫ħɢȥѹϽӳȥ

Ȼŵ⣬תȥӭͬš
Сӣɱˣ
һӰԽȻǰ
һˣͨԾձԼһͷ׷۾˫֮ͫڣһ
ΧЩ˻Ƶĺӭ
ȻǷݵ⣬Ƶˣɵúһһ׷顣
Ϊ־ܣ
ǡ
ոӳףʮɹŮȴɡס
ǿߣһˣһƤңʩ
ȻΧЩħǿߣԼʮˣһ˲ƯΧǰ׷߹¡
˫ͫĶֺܿƣ񽣶ڶ㡢ѵǱ󣬼ǰɱλħͷħˣ
ħˣ
˻һ߿񣬻ΧЩŮӣ񾭲Ǳģ˲ӣ֪Ǻá
֮⣬ͨѹ֮£ҲȻһ𣺡ˣħ˰⡢¶д鷳ˣ
ľͷ
дһΪǸħˣоһҲûУ̫ˣкڰҲùֵֹģ
ˣɹղɱˣǶʮħǿߣŭɶһɹӡ
׷˲ݣȫƺֻʣһƤͫ׾ŵƻڷգȻǴŮ֮һǴ֮壬ñָһҲӣ
ҡҪɱ㣡
ͻȻ
Ȼħǰʱ䣬ھͷ֮סͻȻһħն
ˣħǿ߸ߺ
ž
ħ˺޷Ӧ޷ӦԣȻһһǿߣҲǿκɽĴڡ
һɱƴҲҴ⡣
ɹЩŮӣϲڴţ׼кá
ȻȻһȴһɱħҼ磬ޱȼӲʯϣ
ħҼ磬һ˿ۡ
Ȼ˺͵ҡͷôܣ
ΪСģһɢˣⷽͥҿһɣҶԱ֣
ħ˵꣬ͻȻͫͷһĵƻ𣬽Ȼûˡ
Ȼκηơһ棬Ͳĵƻյô޷
գۼ䣬ȻѳɻˣƤҲھ𣬻ɺڻɫ
ұҶ
ɹⷽκһӣȻʹࡢģǴ߶Ҫȥƴ
ɡǺֹʱ̣Լѱȥˣ
ƺɹӣȻħģ·ʹġųҲԼԼħѹգǲҲڻһѡ


1765 ɹ
ãߣԻ£
ħ˿żյãƤȻ䣬ޱ飬ͻȻһָȴ±ſԣҪܵͷ

һħûκζʶȻ
ûκηӦֻǴЦݣִͻȻѩҲӿѪ
žžž
һը𵴴û뵽Ϣ
ȻѪʧȻΪһڵϵĴǹ
ɶ񰡣ɹȻѪ
һɹˣǣԺɱɹŮӶѹˣȴǼһΣʸĵ£

˻һɡ񶼿̲סɱ
ͨҲһֱ𺳿һĻĻͨһ԰ףǹ̫ˣϢͽȻһɣһǹ⡢ħ˿ͳԽˣ
ƴӴ˿ʼħ˻Ϊڳÿ˵جΣͨ
ͻȻԱħ֣ͨٲ֣ħעǺްϣ
ˣģҽӳڡħǿߣҲħˡ
ڵڶϢͻȻ˲䣬Ƴģһ彣һɱħɷѹ֮ϣִ
ʲôϢ
Աħǿߣһ˼ħ˴ʵҲɹһŮɫ
ʲôȴȿϷΧȻûһʶȥ·ħɷ
·ʱѾһһ죬ħɣɽࡣ
డ
һɣͨɣҲޱǿ󣬵زؿռ䡢ѪǺ嫵ġ
ȻԵĲͨɽһɽɱ֮УƻֻǾֲ
仰˵һɽҲܣ˲ƴĳ̶ȡ
ϧԵ彣Ҳɽһգ۴࣬һһֻܲѪ˵С
˷ѰѪ
ͨͻȻħɷѹæֽסħǿѪϽ¡
ͻȻǰǸħǿߴŭãСӾȻɱǵˣ

˻һħǿǣħԼΪǹȻȥ
ɹˣ
ͬ潫ǻδħǿߣģ沢ħһָϼһĶүҪͷ­Ťûµ
˵ˣֻ·һЩħĸŭա
ʲôˣϲħͷһҿɲ£үһƾӣǹĳ࣡
޼ɵմŭһͻȻеʦ㣬Ͻߣħע֮ǰѻɱüħ֣עǸϽӣӼǼ
㡭
ɹɣǿ񣬵һ̶ûﻹСͬš
һ̣Եħǿߣ뵽ֻǿߣĻͨӡ
ƫƫͨӣʱȴվΪħǿעΪȡʱ
ͨ׼߶
ô̵ʱ䣬ѾڴƸ֮У֮ǰħǿ
󣡡
նһûб浱ʩչͨԸЩħ֡
ǼӳͨλʥϣʩչҲܴﵽʥǴλʥϣʩչȻʮ
ݣ
ǰ׸߿գκа񡢺ڰȻΪһǽǵɱɱħˡʮħǿߡ
ʦ㣬׼ӰҲзһȣֿʼմ
ǸͨʥΪʩչﵽɰɹŮޱȵ𺳣һӶ켷
˭û뵽֮ǰӵӣһ̣ΪǻΨһϣ
䣡
ͨٿؽνƶɱħǿϷħǿҲɱһ㽣
ħ˵ûг֣Ϊκνɱϣˣδ֣һ˫۾ض桢ͨһһ
ͻȻЦ˳д
ħ˵Ŀ⣬Ȼͨϣסһͨϣܴ㾹Ȼһ߰û뵽ôһߣ
浹һں֪Ϊͷһ۾ͿԼʣʹϹҾǷߣôСĴүһ㣡
ˣ壬һ۷ɣǸ߸ʺϣһɣҲԵ壬ħ˵һЦݡ
䣡
ͻȻɱʽԼһŻ汬
󲿷ħǿ߶ڶԸ󣬹ħɡҲûԥɱǿƣһŮա
ǾȻ˳ȥˣһħǿȥǣסЩŮӣǱɴų뼸Ůӣħ£һȥϷ


1766 
ʦ㣬ߣŮӱħɷأһʱɱȥ
ȥ֧ԮɼæڼħͷɱʱŮߡ
ӱǰߣ
ħһ̣Ȼˡ
ֻǶϷҲǾ޿ӵİһץ
û뵽һƬڰħ⽫ɵסɱɽ޷ħ顣

ͨһĻеˣħ̶ȣѾĸ߶ȣ
ȡʱ䡭
ħˣ
֮ǰŬ׷ô
òնɱһǿߣӳɢħǿעɡһӳȥ
ħ˳֮û˿ӵóȥ
һɣһʥ֮ǰǣǶҪüħ֣һֽͨͷŽƣһô顣
ˡ
ͨȻ֧Ųסټֶã
ٿɹǷʮҲħǿħ֮£ҲΧɱ
䡭
ۿΪѣͨҪߣʱлģҲаӳȥ
ɲܾɹǲ֣Ǳػ䡣
˭֪
ħʩչϷֹɹڵӳȥǵڰȻ𵴣ĳ־С
漱æȥΪɡĳǿǣȻѹơ
ۣ
ͨʱҲħֹƣѪ
˭뱾а壿ħҲϷ
ôһ˵ɹЩӣ۾ˣȻǴ档
ħˣô꣬θӦϢߣ㻹𣿡
һӾ޿Ϸ
䣡
ħħȻһ
һ罫˹ϣ
ͨϲ֮УľΡεȸ֣һܽħһпɡƽɣʮ޷
ѾǴɵĴˡ
Ҳ̾Ϊֹǰò֪ԽʥĴڣɣּʶԽ
СС顣
̤
һĮӰԵХǱĺڰһʥһΪ
ȻӰϷһӡϷ߿ոӡסˡ
ҲǴһ̣ɹħǿߣ޿Ԩ֮¡
ǡ
ӡ
ɡľһӴˡ

Ӱʵٴ𺳵ǣ˾ȻһģһǶʮµӡ
һɫֱֳۣųԽƽΧħɷ顣
̫ˣһˣ²żˣǴͷȻֱֺͨǺЦ˳
ħҲ꣬һ˫̥ԭͥδɵСӣΪҲԣǾȻҵܲϢ
ҲǸ꣬Ƥ𪣬ŮһòȻӢⷽͥȻϢħˣˣʮǰ͵ڱŵı
ħ˲м˭ܽԽĶóģ
ȻЦˣҲǸĮ顢һϹȻ紫˵֮УȥưŪ˲ˣģ·Ϊá
󱲣ұѰˣħ˺Ȼһӡ
ʮħǿҲ˲桢ɹӣħˡ
лλʦȣ
ָɵɹŮӣҲۼһ𣬿ɸϽһ˫̥
ҲǸĮףɹҲллǣǣħҲǷģˣħͷ޷κǣ
ʰӣ
ħξȻԳ֡
ʮħ־ۼǰƺħÿ˽ħɷںһ
ն
ħͷΧħɷ˫̥ɱȥһ޺ڰӡ׾޴
ӡȥӡͷϢȴΧɹκһˣƵÿʼˡ
ֻɡǿվסӡɱȥ˫̥ɡȲѹúˡ
ӡȻԽ˴ɣ
磬
ǸЦˣֶΣţ
ģǵĶֿħˣĮ껹һȡ
΢Ц֮һȦ
û뵽ϷȦŴ߳һ϶һҫޱȵ׵硣
ϵͨ۾ˣֻټһĻ
ǹ߲Ԫڿʼ
䣡
ǹ׹ֱһɣҲħӡϡ
ӡͦԵ֡ɱһЩ޷֣ǵ׵պ޷ѡ
Ǻǣôͥ׷ζɺã
һˡһѹʮɣ
ǸЦ֮Уûһֻֽ޾š
ٴտǵȦꡢ꣬һ׹һɶ󣬵մռ䣬ʮħǿߡ


1767 ʵ
ħǿٴ֣ȻһӡһλǱ׹飬׹ʱҲ޷ɶв
٣廹Ǹ΢ЦռһЩƣҪ֪ԱǸĮһֱû֡
߳
΢ЦִһȦһٶȡ֮ǰͬ
ʮħɱӡƶħɷһݺΧƵûһɹӿԺ
Ϸһ޴ԼףӰ֮΢Ц굱ץһʮǿߡ
һ׹ۼ֯ɵֲԼʥԵƣƬܿڲҲһ׹ۡɱͬҪڳÿ˶Ĥ
䣡
˲佫ħӡ飬һΣǾѹƣʮħǿߡ
ˡ̫ˣʮǿ߹ƣ˲ͻ顣
ħǿǶֻſħˡ

ħڳˣ
ΧһѪЩѪħɷȻʮħڣʲôһЩڡ
һħ֣˲˶ȥһħǿգ屻һħⱬըըѪ
ֲɱըƲǿȴ˲佫ըŴٱޱȿֲ˷ûȥ
⣬ħʩչѪ֮ɹڵӿǳȥٻʰħˣ
꣬Ѫ𵴿æɹŮӳ롣
ҸϽߣ
䣡
һħϷը
ɹЩŮӣ겻ԶպóѪû˳ȥ
桢ͨˣ
ǱСΧûд֮һħǿѪɿֲѾԽɣǱ˵ɳȥߣǶһҲǳѣѪϳ޷ټסѪɣֱʯС
ʱ˿̣޿ӣħǿѪһӣ޿ӾͳΪһɫѪһڰħھ޿ڷڡ
Ϣ֮
޿ӿ⣬˫̥ڱɹ档
΢ЦҲ·𺳷ѪɫħѪ֮ħԼħǿߣаʿܣԼڣÿܷԱƻˣпħ
⣬ͨ·ɰӣȻ䣬Ѫɫħ޿ӡ
ǻ桭ŮҲĵ
˫̥һͬɨǣ·ҲܻǳԽɵĴڣǴ˴Ѫ֮£ҲᱻĨɱǱħɱ
ŮһһȻԥɡϻ֣»Ǽ˵ء
΢ЦʱһЩ磬Ǿ͵Ѫ֮һЩԸħˣиڸ;Уħˣ
ǲ֪ħ׼ֿѪĪż棬ǲܴƤߵģĮʱɨΧκζ
޿˫̥ǿ߸£ڲǹѪɫħڷڣʱʱγС
꣬󣬼·ڰħûжٱ仯¶һ˼ϵܣû뵽ħںϣȥпӵǵȿΪʱ˵ңǴˣҲ޷Ҹ
һ֮һʣǾţܸӳᣡ
ھ޿
ˣ㡢ΪҪǣ
һħͷƯڰ׷ħǰ
ħѪЦӿʼѹǣħɲǵǻšǿҲǽӣڣʱһںϣҾǾǵڰﱾ
㡢㲻ˣú³˳׾ˣܣϣϽħͷɱú
ϧԶҲһĻħ˼ŴϾʱʱԵһͯ
߳壡
û뵽һǹףΪϷڰ˿ſҧħˡ
ֻһͶ
·棬ٴôը𵴣Χ޿ӱΪˣһνһΣ޿ٱһ
ˣȱҵһָħˡ
ħͷ˽һ߸ʬ׿һץһ˳ϷڰħɷĲС
ʱлǣһ޹Ĵǹ
ħͷˡ
ħһУʯ¡¡׹䡣
Ȼڷ֮£ĳطһ׷Ϸ
һѪ
Ѫڷʯѹʵ£ʯ֮϶΢΢
Ѫ֮г־ҲͬʱԪ
һЦû뵽ħⷬѪ˺ˣͨˣֻܻصɺˣöɲڷ֮£ֻҪһ˿˿϶ܶ
˵ħˣ׾ͽһӣ˽ȥħͷʵ̫ˣ


1768 Ѳ
˫̥أ
ǻǧ׾޿ţӦڵȴħˣʱʱʩչƣϧħɷδɢȥҲ׽ƻҪȼ죬ϷħɷŻɢ󲿷֣
żˣɹŮҲ뿪ˣȥ
һչöɲһ濪ʼԴʥ֮ǰõħʬ塣
մʬɲ򵥣Ϊʱȥʥʬ徫һ˾͸ͨ桢ɿţɺ֮
ûħˣԼħǿ߽֣ͱơˣ̫ùˡ
ʱһѪߣΧʯ϶֮л
Լ죡
ӦһɶһͷŸӦû뵽Ϸٶ޿ӱ֮һȡ
Ӧ֮г˫̥ǽħɷգͷŸӦӦѰħϢ
޹ֻܲĵȥ
Ҳ֪ţԽɣӵһʵ
ˣ
Ƕ˫̥ȥһ֮Уǲڷû׳ȥ˭֪ûʲô
ֱһº
ѪΪִָڷһϷѰѷ뿪
һص棬ѪΪ汾𣬶ڻ֣ϴҸӦһħǿʬ壬ҲǴɣڴǧ
ȻܷŹȥһǰڷҵħǿʬ塣
ͨɿ󡢺ţҲˣֹж뿪޿ӣȥ鿴
ȥշš
濴Χ޿ӺΪһأʮ޿ӣڵͷ֮£Ϊƽء
һʱŻȻõһħʬ壬´ҿʬ˾һͬ뿪޿ӡ

ǺúõģҪһͳⷽͥǿɲӦ
ʮ⣡
ͻȻը죬һĳ֡
Ϊħˡ
ҲӳΧһһڷʧ
֪
ո뿪ڶϢڰպȻһЩ֦
֦Ƶģĸħˡ
֮⣡
ħ˴Ӻڷ绯Ϊ綼Ǻɫ棬ɫڰ֮
һѷ֮Уħ˷Ԩ̫ˣǱ⡣
ԨһϿȣӡһħӺ֮ڻɡ
Щλ߶ˣΣܺزɣؿɲɽͨյأԹ𶼲ҴյأǻײҵϢ
Һ֮ǰأ׼Ӧ
ħٴνӡǰǺףڻٶԽԽˡ
Ԩԭ¸ӡϢںϣһ޷Ȼӡ
Ǵͷ
Ϣ󣬱ԭںһӣǰ뾹Ȼһӡ̳
̳ЩΧʯҹ֮еӫ⣬ͷŶĿ貹â뻹һɶʯԽ֯һĻ⻭
ɼħ˶˼ﲼ
һ̳ϷΧӡʧһץһӺ«֮гһͯһʬ塣
Լϰʬڷ̳ΧԼ£˫ֺ£Χڻħŷӡʼںϣں֮ʣԨħԵֿʼΪΧԨԭһɫ
ʮϢħٴαΪһ޴ĴڣԨյ֮Уһ˿֮

һһİӰӺڰ֮
ʼֻһִӰɺ󷽣Ӱ
ħ˲Ǵħ߳ӰȥϱʯϷһں
ԼһʱױԭǺڰӰ
һĻٴŻ㣬ڰӰȻΪ֦ģΧ죬뾹ȻӰ̾ΪһŴɡ
ڻ׳ɳûŪ󶯾ûһ˿
ܿһźڰˣɸߣ̫ˡ
֮ͻȻһӰ
ۡ桯
ĺڰ
أһֱֻɱһЩʥԼͨɣ˭֪ȥ뱾ںϣǷһǿĺڰħǿߣ
۷ЦеӣɼãնɱħǿߣԼڰʿɵģڰԱ𲻷ʱ̸о
ϣ
Ȼ䣬۷˫һϣҲһЩ룬ױʯȻʼͷŵڰ
Щ֮󣬺۷ּٽӡ컯ħ⴦ħȻ֮УҲħ
֮󣬺ڰɹң۷ҳȻһɶ೤㡣
һΧҵĺڰһ滯ΪһС
۷ʼպڰ֮һ˿˿ͻȻЦˣǾǿ̫ǿˣȻ⴦ħϢħüӿٶȣٵħ˷ʱѾϰ


1769 Ϯ
ϷγɵУתٶһֱڻӿ죬·ħħ
ΧڰԨЩҲ۷ͷʼһɹɵؾۼ
ץʬ壬·ʯռħˣھ͵ˣܸоڣһԺڰ֮еħ
ҵġ
ӡٶһֱڲϼӿ졣
ΧȻʬ徻Լ֮дĺڰϱѰɡ
ȱ滹Ҫֲ
ԭΧԨڰһϢ֣ϢΪһڰĴڡ
Խ࣬Խڰ͸һԼ֮УʱһЩϼһĺڰӰӴңԼ俴һɫ󣬴
һ֮
ЩөĹ⻪ϴϼƵӰ·ڰ֮ĳС
̡

֮£Ӱ֦ıԭڡ
ħ˸ոճһͯΧʬҲϱɡ
Χһа棬ϢҲǺڰΪ˫޵һϡ
һյͭơ
ͭԼһ߸ߣͭɫҲûʲô֮ȻǵƻѪɫģҵҲѪˮеƵҲһɹѪڲơ
Լ䣬ܿͭѪɫƻ𣬷ճħӰӣѪɫҲʱʱûħһŲ԰׵
ֻصưⱦϴ֮еֻ֮ħҪӵѪ֮Ϳˣ
Ϲۿ֮£ԶǿĴ֮һֻصҲǳԽߴڣϧϹſʼھ׹ڰմȾڰ
ҲҺˣֻصӵкڰõ֮󣬲޷ѹӡڴһСʱձҶΪˣϴɱֻصƣ˳
ţֻصõ۴У󣬽ÿɱͥӴ˻ħʱħ˾ħ֮
ɫƣħ˰ָš
ÿһθüͷҲǿʢɱԼ⡣
Ƥ̥£ѣ
ħ˶Լһӣµĳˡ
ȻüĵӿʼһѪѣѪѿ°ͣͷ
ȻѪ룬Ƥ·һһѪ룬ħ˳ΪһѪˡ
ѪˣħûκιѪ⣬Ҳ֪Ϊεȹˡ
һƤ⣬һƤƯħԱߣڶħˣ˲ǣħֻһƤ˫ͫնģûӡ
ʲôû£Ƥ·ĳʶһ㣬ħ˸ҲΧʬ
һֻصںϣһõջɣ
Ѫħ˿ʼӡ緢ڻһ仯ʱħӿֻصơ
ֻصû˿ѪħͻȻ֣ͣǳشƣô£ͷ뱦ںϣΪαûһ˿Ӧ£Աʵȷ޷ֻصһҵõʮһδںϡƻ꣬Ѿñưٷ֮һͷųΪһ˿˿ҲûУ
ֻصûһ㶯ħ˳Ĭ֮У˷
һֻ̣صϵǹѪɫƻ𣬾΢΢ЩҪϨһ㣬һ˿˿Ѫɫƻ𣬲ħ˿ƣħͷǰϴ󣬲Ӵ˳ȥ
⡭
á
ħ˰ΣԼںϱϢܿӿȥ
ͻȻǿ߲Ӧе𺳣ûƤҲܸܵʱôֻţæӡ

ΧϢҲһ̣ħ˽ӡ䡣
кڰʬȻϷΪһκڰϢԼ״γ
һᡢ˻ƵͻȻ͸ħˣѾˣһǰ֣ҲһûаգԽɣ󣬻ƬԨأҸںϣҵĿռ֮УҶ
˭ľͷħһסֻصվ
ֻһͨʿˣȻ޷֣ʮ꣬ͷȣ
뱾ΪУҲԴ챾Ҫն㣡
ħͻȻһץƤûΪ״̬
ץһѪҲʼΧʼɢȥħҪ⴦ԭжȥ
ɵȴʧһֳ֣ĲħϤǱԭһܲ͸߳ûڴ֮⣬ЩʲôҲ
һ𣿡ħͻȻЦˡ
ԺڰӦԣҾ֣ҿɲһ֣
ɽߴأÿһ֮УϹҲкڰ壬޵ȵȲ˼Ĵڣû뵽һ֣Ҳ˰ɣ


1770 ħ
˵ˣħʿܳΪͥͷӦ֮ã꣬ԣֻһָͷˣϧʱҶԣû˿壡
Ǹͷɵ㼸֣ƫƫǸ֣㣡
ҲҿжԽǲ֮ҵʵǿ󣡡
ɱգ
һԲϣħɱһħ
ɲǼ䣬һħ䡣
ʱڰױԭռ֮ڣΪ״գΧ˲ֻʣΧ
ಣ
һУγɣպ׻ɶȥ
̫ˣڰ治ɣճȥ
һ֣Ϊ˲ͨħһ֪һ֣׻𹥡
ѪͻȻһһѪɫɱȥ
꣡
ѪɫӰȻǾͷħͷһɱһɶ߿ۡ
ΪжԭֻǳԽɣһʵδﵽָ߶ȣɣɱʮ䣬ͽˣ
䣬ʮɳۣħЦֵɱһڶ
ľмɣָвħѪ

һ̣֮ϣȻһӰץʮʥɽһѹʮʥɽ׷նħˡ
ôе죿
ħһ˳֣ʼΪ𺳣š
ȴˣӦ壬һͨ
ģ;úϤһʱ벻
ʥ׷һѪɱһѪɫ
һĨѪɫ裬ʮɽ
һײʮɽȻħʵ˻ȥһƷһʥɽơ
һѹʮʥɽǴɣƴҲ㡣
һУ
ڰһץǶʮʥɽ罣ɱ
֮ǰʮɽҲڰɱħ˿֮΢΢ɱѪɫһڿɽǿƵ
һӣħֻ鼸ɽѹɽҲʼ޷ӡɽ
ͻȻ¶ѪЦ߶ֻصƣⱦǵƻ𾹱΢΢һ˿Ϣ
һħɷ֮Ϊֻص̬ʮɸߣħʮɽ
΢ЦеֻصƣҪɱ㣬ΪǺǣֱʺʹã
䣡
˵ʱʱ죬ʮɶʮɽɱһû뵽󲿷ɽ飬ɽƬ̫ˣʯڰ׹䡣
֪˰ɣֻص޷Ĵڣڣֻܿưٷ֮һҲɱκδɣԼϵĴڣ㻹̫ˣħһʮɶߵ
Ҳɱʮˣҿɱ˳ǧˣпгǧʥ׷
ڰԾ֮ʣΡȻץһƬâټ󲿷ɽΪķͨź嫷һɽѹ
ռֻа׿⣬񷨱ɱħܡߵĿռ䡣
䣡
ʮɶ߱Ҳ˸Һ壬ɣҫ財
ʥ׷ɱʲôС
ǱնɱЩǿ߶ģֻ汾ֿʮ꣬ɱǿߡ
һɱϣ綹ײʯͷ飬һһǱȴܼס
ɫƣҲˣħǱִ߶һɫ෨顣

ΧͻȻɱһЩӰʼһЩ鶼ǣĶҧ
һΣħɱѪɫ͡նΧЩϵܿɢڷ档
ħͷˣŴټһкܶ࣡
ħˣ
һֱûܻһΣֱڰͷųټһһ˸߹һˡ
ħΰֻܴ߶ֻصƲͷԸ

һʱ֮ħ۵òУͷųҲû֮ǰǰԵֻǽ෨
ٿⷽȻͣԽԽࡣ
µǣЩϵľмƬڵϾ͸һɺɫúڰħϷ͸ȥ
ħ˸ûз֣ռϢն˳ȥ
ܣʵֻصƣȻһ֣ħ˶ʱײ
ҧֱͷֻصɱ˳ȥ
Ҫƴˣ
ħˣҾ㿴Ϊѹ㣡
ڰûһ˿£ұҪѹֻصƷǳףϧʼ޷ӵбӵеǼ
ߺһħĻ
ڰͻȻϷͷдﵽʮɾ޴κڰֻصơ
ϽӡСǧ
ֻصħ˿֮£֮ǰٶȺܾˣǺڰϢ·ֻص޷ܾ
ɢȥ


1771 ֻص
ܣܣֻصƱںʮ꣬ôһ̣ƺҵĿƣ
ħ˴һ𺳵㾿ʲôͨ·Ȼ֮УֻܰصƸӦ
ɲǰ룬һѹԶ֪־ͨϧֻռ֮һȫֻͨصѾ
ҾͲţɱ
ħһѪɫħ𣬿ʼҪɱ
ڴʱͷһ޺ڰϢʱħΧڰϢ֮С
ΧȻڻħŴŷ㡢ҵϢƬռ䣿ܣ
֮ǰ˵ˣһֱڿأһǰңҲһûаնԸϾʵ֣ʮ
ϧնһ£֪ٶȶྪˣҶȻԦһж޷ģؼһ㣬ҲֶΡ
ħˣҪսᣬֻصҲУû֪ƻУǼ㣬ǷֱٴѾз
ڰХռӿ죡
Ҹƴˣֻӡ
ʱһ˿ϣ
ħҲڰ£Ȼһͷ棬ʱ䡣
Ȼ츳ͨϢ䣬ȻһУС˱±ֻǰٷ֮һҲƵģ
ݺݵؽӡֶֻصץȥ
һɿħħͷγɣĳ⣬𽥻Ϊɶ
Ϣ
ɱ෨Լ
ħҲ߶ȥ䣬κη֦ɱ⣬ȻˣǱΪ촷ۡ
ͨбƷǳǿⲻӦǱơ֦飬ҲԷһ̴ܴӰ졣
ֻصƣϹʱڣΪǿ󷨱֮һʱ̫Żڣֻصƾֳַǵõòһӣƶɣʮ꣬ŷֻصĪôԭʼƻӣ磬ӵֻܣֻصƿۣͽ䡢쵤ҩȵȵ߷㲻Ǳƶ֣
ħ˽صѪۡ
ȻȻԼʵŲɡ
һʼ뾡취ɱǿߣ֪Ҵʱ˶ôµǾ綾ҵɲǰ꣬Ҳǧꡭ
ͷһ
꣡
ħڿʼһɻɫ棬ɻյƤʼá
ҲħǾͷͷһħɷҺѹɻɫ档
ǻɫԽѪⸯãΪŵǣ֮ȻһЩɫħɫ綾ҪڣƵġ
Ұһɺڰħںڰѹơ
㡢˸߼ڰֻصʮ꣬ڲһմȾĺɫɣúڰǿͨٻڰȻںڰ֣
Ϊֻһְͨˣɽ
ѵֲһ
ش治Ժڰ磬֮ͥɣҲǣұԺڰ磬ҵԴǺڰ磬ƫƫڰΪڣûзҴڵԭ򡣡
㡭
Ҳѹơԭ򣡡
ǿԺҲǺڰУҲǺڰʿȻҲԺڰ磬ȫԺǺڰ粻һֱҪɽҿ԰ǡ
ϧˣҲʱõʱΪںСʲôȥԣҪ־ͷǿԼ
ɶ񰡡
ħҲû취Ҳǵͷ̸
βúڰѹƣþ綾ɱ
ҡ
ɫԽֲħѹ޷ƣΧڰ̫ˣ·ѾΪڰһռ䡣
ɺڰƿصĿռ䣡
Ҳİ𽥵ģħ˻ΪһɫˣϽ֯ڰӡ
գһѪɫͫҲΪڰ
һغ
οɺľ֮һܽħѹãɴһҵʵٱ
һ·Ҳʧ
ռ佥ֻصڷǰ΢΢ʳָһ
ֻصƣӴ˿ʼҵһظֻصƣŰԵЦ
ҵġ
벻֮УЩѪˮڣħһ˿ص
ֻصںϰٷ֮һˣ֪ҵֶΣҿڼڣ뱦ںϰٷ֮һ
ûг֣ȵһЩѪɫ׾ûħһ˿Ϣ
ħˣˣ
ֻصգҲûлסԪ


1772 ɾ
꣡
֪
Ҫֻصġ
ڱƣͻȻһ˺Է
Ŷ
һˣͷŸƣˣѵ֮ǰħ𣿡
ֻصͻȻͷһڲһ࣬㲻࣬ҴϣӦһİϤĺڰϢҲѡΪˣ
Ȼ飬֮ˣ㲻ԸҲգѡ㣬㿴ҵұϣ֮һ
ٴδСǧֻصƣڰռںһ
أյĳһƬɽ
һ˿ߣһ󷨸ɽ֮УҥǱӦΧһС
أΪڵһ̳ؼ䣬ӸϢܾۼһЩ
̳ϣ桢ͨţ֡ɿͨϣͷһֳԽʥӴϢ
Ϣһ˿ڰ
ΪǼһħǿߣڴɰֻǴһΪɾҲ㹻ͨһλʥɣǼ뼸һʬ徫ӳ£Ҳֻʬ֮һ
꣡
һ˿ڲͬͨͷ𣬾ͷ
˲Ӽ⣬ͨҪͻʥˣ
ּ̲ͨסףǰǴɾԵʣǵõʬ壬Ŀǰһʬ廹δǻָƣͻƣϴһˣ֮ǰħˣͷϣҲֵˣ
һʱ
۷壬ͨͻˣʥ̤죡
ʥͻѣǽɣɴͨͻƼ磬ǴھǴǵʵҲʥһ쵽죬ɿʵ̤λʥͨʵ󣡡
۲һԼҲʼ׼һ磬ɾ졣
̤۷壬̤ľ졣
ͨͻƣʼɴŷͻơ

˲Ϣ·оԼ屻Ϳգ˲䣬岻Լ
žϯȫΪ̫嫣涼˿ʹ࣬һ̣߳ɴ״̬һͻ
϶ˣͨԪйĵ±£ûжٱ仯⣬󲿷ֵط顣
˲֮Уת֮Уÿһתž˽ɫâ˲֮Уκһ飬һ𵤹âһзԵޱȣ˲п

һδαͿգֲ̫һսǧھ֮бڡɱսĻص
ѪҲڴ飬Ƥ˺֮УҺӿ˳ڴ̱Ǵͨ޷ȥ˭ͻƱʥԵ
ɰѪزѪľһ̾翪죬ը𵴣ΪһƬѪ硣
𵤰
黹ڱ
ûȥעزأҲδأΪԵزһҲģӲעͨԪΪйĵ±
Ψн𵤣
Ҳġ
ΪͻƣԵһ㣬ɼЩۣҲڿʼ顣
֮Уܿ𽣡ס֡Žǡս޴ޡ𻢡㡢򽡭
Щӷ翪ʼӴɡĹޡ
һħ
ס
ѪȫѪһ̣ﵽ£Ҳ߳ɶΪѪ⡢ѪˮƬ
һЩǡû顣
濴Ѫ֮֮Уһױڲ
ƼԹأƼѪ֮нɫʯɱɵס
ǳԽ󲿷ַĴڣӡЩ֮оһ
Ϊʥ˴ӵࡢ޵Ĵ
ע·ڲԶʶɣԽˣǿ󣬴ѪѾɣ󲿷ʥɴڣ˵ӲȣȷԶԶԽʥ
ҵûз㣬˵ɣʥһҲɽն
Ԩ̺ΪҲߣ㵽Щǿ߾磬һնǧˣǱҲڲ֮ͬ
һնǧˡ
ʱ档
֮дںϣ㻹޷֮ܽ׿ɲĴڣӡһʵףκͷõӡֻʩչٷ֮һҪ㳬ԽɣǿߣܣĿǰ͵ڴԽ䣬Խιֶ̣һ䡣
һ̣ڽ


1773 ǿ
ʱ䣡
һδμӳ֣Ϸţڱоգ纮ȥӭ
ɴɡɡԼʥͬʱ״֮Уһ˿߽ɫϢӿת֮С
ɼȥڽһƱݣɼٻӰ֡
Ϸֻ֮ʣѪǡ񳤳µѪ⣬ǹ
Ѫ֮ҲʯƵľ⣬һ㡢һ˿˿֯·𽽹Ѫ⡢𵤡ͨԪ񡢷֮С
ȫڽɾ죡
º
һа¶һӨ⣬ּϽ𵤹âͷţ̹ͨ˸·һ̫ľǿߡ
ϲ˽ɾ죡
Ʋṳ̈꣬ʥʱɱɣף
ǡͨڵһʱʾףء
ħһʬ壬ʱҲոɾ̫ˣǿǴʬ塣
ʣһʬ壬ͨ͵Ϯɱ֮ǰǶ֮һʣһֻʵﵽ۷壬һֱȥ
ԴȻã鵤ħǿߴ߼鵤㹻һʱ䡣
ͨȻɻʵΪɡûϵǣ
ͻȻһȾǲܴħˡħǿ߾ͨ»ţѾһ㣬ؽյأǹƽյ֮У޷߶ϵϣ
ˣð֣ҲԵɹȴΪ£ҲûǣȷԺбҪɹ𣿡
Ŀǰ֪ԭԺɡˣ֪ħ˵ǿ̫СҲ޼£Σħˣһһȿɹδǣ
Ҳǣ
˻ᣬɴɰ
ʩչöɲĴѪж־ǧʱԼӡͨںһ
ԴǺεȸ߼鵤ҩöɲ״̬Ϊɡ
ˣʮ⣬һ΢΢ϤϢ֣ʶֺģ̫
º
ҥӦ綯棬ط󷨡
ϤϢ
͹ˣ
ϤϢһǲɹǣǾ˭أ
о£ôʰһ濪ʼ·ɿ󡢺ţּصƸںϷ
ɳ֡ɽ֮Уͨͷ˲佫ΧϢɢ̤ʥ죬ˣڸӦ࣬һյؿռ䣬ԼܴŸӦʮϢ׼һ㣬ֻܸӦ֮Ϣ
̤ɾ죬оҲǳ֮ھŵƽٺۣһֿҪͻʥԶˣ
ݺּ䣬ʥһɡ
ɳһͨɻˣȷеϤӦòɹĪ̫潣šˮǿ߲ɣ
ٶҲͦ죬ٸȥǰǾ룬ҲҪȥ
СǰУصǿ߶ˣôضǿߡ
֮桢桢ͨ˼һͬӦһٶϢ
ӦжˣЩʿϢԽʵ֪ϤϢ
ͨĦȭƣһŵˣû뵽ǻıһǿߣ
뵱˵ĲǿߣȥʲôɽǶ֮У
ǿߣ
Ҳϴ󣬻֡Ǹ鳽棬ʵģں鳽ԱߣʥΪֻжʮˣжʮˣʥ

ѰиžǿߣĿ֮ڡ
һ־ʹ֮Уһĺâ˸Ӧ
ˣ
־Ϣǿ𣿡
ֹ̼ɭְջϢ֮У屻͸޷ϡ
Щǿ֮У˲ӦϢ

Ӱɲ̤նظϢ˺ѣվʥ
˵ûκηƣȻҲǿΪС
Ϊʲôˣ
һ֮꣬ȳ֣ǰֻʮꡣ
˫Ŀڣ֮е£ܽһжȻᣬ֮һҲǸСӡ
һɰԵϢʧˣ᲻ܰпҾˣҲлıɽ䣬ԼһЩǺˣ
ϴһ࡭治ҶǿĳЩ

˷
Լʥ
Ǵɱ֮ĿͬסƬռ䡣


1774 Ž±
һʮͷӣͻȻӴɺǰһľ棬һˣ
鳽
һĵҲǾĸ߲㡣
߳һ鳽ȭǸղڸϢȻӦһϤϢԹȻҲû뵽Ǿǿߣ
鳽ΪģǴɽһУ̫æˣҲûȥҾû뵽ʲôʱͥҲòˣ
ǣһɷʡ
ˣǰɽСǼֵйѡ鳽ɣɽЩ顣
ҲǺ鳽˵Щɽܶ෢顣
Ǹ꣬׺ЦԭˣҾȻӭˣǾһ
λǣ̫鳽
⡭鳽ͻȻЩΪѵؿɣԼǸꡣ
ʵ˵ˣ국תʧȻһȥ
Ҳȥ
鳽˷ǰ̶̼ˣʹӺ鳽֪ݡ
ԭǾ߶ӣҲΨһĶӣȻ
û뵽Ҳǵ֮һ
棬Ȼ㰡
ǿβˣһ˳ˣϤˣһͳ죬֡
ҲǺ鳽һͳ֮һּ棬֪治Ǳ鳽Ƽ
Ҳˣڶ󷽣žǿ߼յسһ·ϣҲǿҲǱųģ߱ҲֻҪͥ档
Լ죬ֱˣ
ǰһƬҰյ磬ЩγһŻҰţǴ֮ϣһһţȥɫյ磬ɫ̶Ϊֵֹ״඼һɫĢ
أ
ڻҰյΧͨյյؽ㣬⽻֮һɫϢһϣ·и֣Ƿ磬ڲһʱա
𺳣滹ǵһμ˺嫵ľء
ھһǿͷ£ÿʥ۷ʵػɫǰһͨþǿһͨ
濴ֱ˫ֻۣͨЩԭסˣûж飺û뵽ؾһȥյءҲδһĶյ磡
ںΪ˵һⷬ꣬ЦؿϹһֱڵĹϾأڲʱ̫ˣǴڼڣҲ޷ÿط߱飬Ҳûһϸͼ

룬һ̣оһӡһĹϼžʱա
ȻϢ֮ҲǸӵĹϢϢ֮дŻɫʯңʯڣܽʯ
統½磬ƷͶЩʯһ
ɫʯǴǿߣǽʯڣҲԾ
Զʥǽɶѣһʯң𵤡ͻᱻʯʯʯΪʯˡ
û߶ԶѾһЩʯڡڻɫʯҴ֮УǾһЩɡʥȻԽΪһЩɡ
ɶҽðѰͬѰ
ٽһЩһЩɫʯɽʯԽԽ࣬γʯֺЩʯǸʮɡǧɡɡ
һЩɫʯɽɽһ޾Ӵ۾յء
˶ԲΪΪգʯңںһʿ޷գյ֮ġ
滹ӻ֪Ǵѿ̫֮֮֮յ֮УҲ޷գΪյһʱգ޷͸ɣԼİҲ޷
Ѱһʯֺ֮Ϣ濴ǿߣóһЩ֮ӿһҲǿóʯķʯ֮
ʶˣ
Щ˶бزǲǾԼ罫ӡ
ֻϢ죬֣磬ҵȵøˣܲһֱǣҲҪȥðѰ
㲻ǣ
ַǳ⣬ƺ϶漸˻ǣȱ˵յ̫գͥССһǿ߹ı߶кɽ䣬ǵ壬ˣǿɻǵã
ǵã
棡
ôǡ
żضףڴԼǰɱŽȻŽӺ¹ŽȨʼıҲְˣϾŽһֱλںɽԱߣᱻ幥¡û뵽֮󣬹Žʹ֮ڳһֽŽͨˡǿ߶ȥ֪ԭûŽ̫ӣȶ¹ŽȨŽ湦ɣʵ죬ǵЩߣҲޱȼɵҲѾأ


1775 ħǿ
澹Ȼ¹Ž
Ž
桢桢ͨ̿ˮ֪Ĳǿ̶ȣҲʵЩ
ʵɣռйŽԻҪȡɽȨΪɽˣ֮ǻı飬أ˵Ѿˣ浱ǵǣǸǶ֣
Ул磬ǻСĵģ
ҵȲҪֱˣ˺嫣һֿѼ棬ϵܣǾ仰֪ߣҵǣֵһӭ㣡
ãǵøҲպ󶨻
ٴξܾ˻֡
Ҳ󷽣ȥ
ûоǿڣããɫʯоκϢټޱߵյػɫ磬һжǵ㣬·ҲԶڳ˯
뿪ʮ֮⣬ͨͿ棬Σˣżؼ¼ﳣбŻйռ䣬ǲŽյأֻǧȥЩյأ
ǧ
ɽ磬С⣬͵ˣ
أͷţȻǿҲգ˭Ҳ
㣬ңȥǧ
ʱԶΧʮֺ֮С
ֺ
ɲֺͨһЩɫЩǳϣЩѾʯһ뻹ţҲʯҰԺ
֨֨
һЩŹȻΧ֡
桢ͨһͬͣΧһɫɽʮɸߣ
˭֪һ̣ɽȻˡ
ɽһһ룬Ϊһһɶ೤ѪƴŰֻţڵٶȷǳˡ
ɽһϳ˲ɢˣɽʧ澹ȻʮѪǣ󲿷ֶֻʣ¹ͷеʬ廹ܿԼ衣
ӣ
Ѫƹ̫ˣٶֿ죬ɱôˣ
øżף˼æ
Ѫƹٶȱȼ˿һϿգѪƹ￴ߣ޷ڿնֻܸ߸ԾʮɰŴͣŶ
գҺ÷ӦʱȻξΣˣһͷѪƹʵдɸ߶ȣʮϰͷѪƹκδɶǶ֡
ɳʮͲòٴλص棬̫ء
յȻǻҰһƬһЩɽȡѷ졢γɵԨ

˴ȻδȥյأһɽϻɫʯƯϷΪء
ȥϢ
ˡ
ڵԿٶǰУʯ֡
ʯһʯϣһ˫۾ڻɫʯ£ԶԶ˵
ȿǲЩӣһʯϣһ˫۾ǰ
ǲǲǴˣҪѹ
һᣬ֮ǰ
Լʱ桢桢ͨѾɽ£
Χʯ֣ۿҪȺɽ֮ڣΧϿգһӼһЩɫ籩һ

˼һ˲̧ͷ
Źɫʯҷ籩˶ʱüͷʣϽ
ȻܵһʱǴڣϧΪ̫ˣ
ɫʯҷ籩֮УȻ˳Ӱ
ǾӥãӰ˲һץһӡڶϢ˺Ϸ
ۣ
ӡֲ̺ǿԭǴɣһɡ
֮ʣʯңһʯҲ𵴱ӡͷħɷ֮ݺѹ˶á
ݣ
ѪأһһѹϷ
Ҷ氵ͨ棺ҪɱǣͲǽѹɱɱУ
ͨоΪЩ˺ħŵˣʱȥͯħŵˣִ磡
ħţ
ͥħҲǼϴڵħ
ʵ㣬ʵɱ֣һ¶Цû뵽ݶѪɫ

ħ֣ѹֱħץסͨٶȷȺɽ֮С
һɽȣ֮гʮѪˡ
һʯ֮г֣ʮ˳֣ΧҲһħ
ԭɽȣϰħǿߡ
ʥҲ٣
Ǵ֮УϢ̫ˡ
桢ͨ˱ţһʯ²ҿʩչӦɽΧһж
һ֮ϰɽϢˣħŵӰʲôǴ֮УйħаϢǳֲ
Ҳ֪ѹڴˣᷢʲôħħȻǺڵǡ
ûãħͻȻʧ
ΧһѪ˷ۼˣֱʧħ֮߳ʮǿߣ
ǳԽɵĴڣǵʮԽɵĴڣִڣκɽ磬ԽһСУ˿һĻ̲ͨס𺳵
ȷ
ȻʮԽɵĴڣЩ˾ڡƺǡһǿ


1776 
ΪһѪߣΪΪĪ⣬ǿ쳣
һ֣˷ɳɽȡ
ˣоܲħǿߣȻٶȣɫյ֮ա
ͨš
ʱҲû취ֻһһ
ɳʮ󣬽ǰһɽ
ħǿĿ꿴ɽɽΧһǱɽΧ
ʮżǿδȥĳط澹ֲɫϴһɷǳǿȺɽ֮΢΢ͷţаҲźڰϢױȣеһȣ֣

ͨ漸¶ŵ
Ⱥɽû뵽֮һϿȣϿϿʯƯ̫𺳡
ɿϿһϿ֮УͷѪâ̫ҫۣܿϿ֮УƺһѨȻϿȶѪâ
ֱϿ£ħǿǣҲȻʧɫҲҴ¡
Ͽ֮£ƺϿȲ̫·ѪâȻһɶĵȳ֮УһžŻ
ʦ𣡡
ʮǿ˺ֻʣ¼ѪˣѪ
ħһ
⴦Ѫ߳Ȼȥ
ѪߺȻһˣǰһɨãϿ֮ѪֻյزУ̫Ѫˣϲˣֻϲˡ
㡢ѵͨŵöûһ
ѪȻǸ۾ﵹħ𣺡ҪõѪ߳Щߵвɼ綾ҲҪߵȥƶܳɹħţǵһܿϹѪĴڣξҪ鷳ˣ
û̸ͨһʡ
ѪߺȻЦϷܲԼħŵӣȥι߰ɣ
ħźεʱʵ
ĪҪ𣿡
̸ϣҪ֪ں֣֮δлᱨȻҪȡͷɱߣұɱ֮
˼͸㣬ħšˡǸ֮λⶼǱµӣ⣿
ˣҵȼסˣ
һҪǺãһͶ̥ұ𣬹
Ѫ˻ش֮ͻȻԱס
ˣϹúֻͨҽһȱһȥ޷ȫǷӡ
ҲǳԿˣδһ죬һ㶾˱ˡ˵꣬ҲһϿ¡
֪ߵغ񣬾ϣһץһѣЦնɱǿߣ˭ˣʦ⼸СӻΧһħǿߣЦ
˲ںֶָѪâϰˣνܸ֮˼ƽϣҲ׼˻һѪǻһֹųѨҪһͷŶȥΪʦߵ
䡭
ۣ
Ӱ׹أ뿪ΧѪɫҵأѪƹͷˡ
ͨҲѪվʱͻȻǰһ˫˫۴СѪɫͫ
һ˫һ˫Ͽ֮Ԩҹ֮еѪɫâ
ˡͨһλʥҲŵƨϽ
һ֮ڲͬ
滹޷ʹѪ״̬վͨԼǰЩѪͫһʱҲŵòᡣ
غţͨŵǷһ֡ݡǲǿһǰЩѪͫоǳ֮ĵݣ
ӦþǶ˿ᵽѪüϢҲǿվ
ͨţһʥ취
ʵǶͨӦֻһɣֻ£ƣֶ֮Ϊʥ
ֻʥΪȴûʥĵģսһɲǼ䣬ֻһͨɡ
ಣ
ѪһԶƽ
ſһ磬һ֮ⱬ
Ƹ֣桢ͨٽˣڲǴϷӡ
ʱɿ󡢺ţַɺɳػΧɺͻȻͷһơ
ƾһޣžһͼһӣΧӡ飬ˡ

Ѫͫ˷֣һξ룬ϡһɫС
жܿ죬ʱУʱȻվһξ룬ſЩ߾ȻһԽš
ˣأƸһ̣ûڣǰ
Сţǻɺռ䣬ΣգֻɿСţٴλص«ڡ
ɺͷŵâ桢ɿǰҲڿʼɴɡ鵤ɿ֪ЩѪ𣿡
ɿΪ𣬴ŽɫâƸ֮ЩƣѪټɽ綼УȻߴ֮࣬յء٣ѪϹޣӤһ£ǹӤͬӤԺڰ磬ѪɽϹŴޣţ࣬ǳײУ߶ǳ£ҩɽ⣬߶Ѫûֲ̫


1777 Ѫ
߶
ˣЩѪײУֶ࣬ϲȺûûйӤ࣬˭Ҳҵ
ƺҷס
ɿƸ֮С
ģѪΧ
Ѫʵ֣Դ㣬ңȷߣԶҲ
ͣ
ѪƣҺ
߶籩˷޷ܣҺƸƷ߶֮⡣
ڰ֮УƸһâɿ⣬ٺڰѪ
䣡
߶ѪɱǷ˶βͳƸƣſ죬˺ҧɺơ
ɰǧѪڷһθһΣƸƾȻ𵴡

ƸΧ̫߳ѪƸǡ
濴ɺƱ֮ǰɵҧûһ˿߶ɺȥ
ˣһܼһ취ȥҲǲеģƸԼ
ֵܵôãôѪƣǴɡơҲ
̫Ѫγɹ߳߳ʲôɿԣһɫ޴ḥ̂ڲѹƸơ
Ҷ취ΣյûУҿԽƸڲҲͷ޷ɱѪǻһֱŷҽԶ
ûţΪ֪ԼӵеķȫԱС
ֻѡһǽøڲκҲҧɺ
оͷսףױѪҲ˵档
ˣзҲѪ֣ͻᱻѪչơ
ˣǲɺ֮УܶͶ㣡
棬ֽɣ޷Σա
ͷɿͶɺڡ
ƸΧâ˲ɢֻһ߸ߵɺ΢΢Ưڵϡ
һûϢ߳ͣѪ˫ͫɺȥƺҲ֪ɺ֮С
飡
һѪţ¶һڼݺҧƸϣһҧú«û飬һ
Ѫڼ󲿷֣Ѫʹ໲ҽУɺβͳ
ϧƸϵ۽׷ǿɽ񣬳Խʽ׷Ĵڣʽ׷̫࣬οǵ۽׷
໣
һЩѪҲβ͵«һ
ЦЦ۽ϷЩֻʥʵ߹֣ܺģ
ϴ䣡
ɺڲ֮УͷдͨѪ߹ɺ
۽׷ʶˡ
ҲõɺɺӦ鷳

ͻȻһ
ɲǿ磬Ѫ⣬һ߹֡
ɿ󾪺һɼ߹֣
֮Χʵû˰֮ٻһץͷƸץڡ
ɺڷ߹ΣҲ޷ɺֻܱһӡɺ߹־ߡ
ҪɺȥɺڣҶˣΪͰȫﶼڷë
һԾ쿴öӿǰգԨɱ
˿ȥɺż֮⣬ǺڰԨڷſȥʮѪӰ뼫ɱ
Ƕ˴Ÿ֣Ѫߵͨ׹ˣҲǵһں
ѪӼӿȥʮϢ򣬶ǰ˾ҪΧס
ˣϿԨҷɿæߺ
ϣһˣˡ
ɿҷǸϿ룬ٰ׹ǰǧ˲ڴˡ
ǰ׹£Ȼ½һعǳعµһųʾҪϾ졣
ͨٴŵõһںɺǵعˣҸҴģǵع֮УȻһѪ
ʵʱ˭£ɺѾûôǶ桢桢ţ֣ǿɶǷߣΣա
žҲܽɺ飬˵԰ɣ濴顣
ǸСкʱȴţ˷ģ۽׷ǳԽɽ磬󲿷Ĵڣɽӡַ
Ӳģ÷ǿɺأͨʡ
ҡҡͷܣûһѾκ־˾ҿռڣǴ֮еľͷϧ־ͷôħǵˣҲǿң
ˣ
ѹ͡
˲һѾǰ
ȿϣһʵѪͼڣѳϳҪ֮ϡ
ٿعཨ࣬Ҳʯ·Χ͸žâоһ̡

ع֮ϣ֣֮С


1778 ع

ǿһˣڣһΪĴɿ棬Щ¡
ͻȻɣԳµûѡ񣬶˵ΣգɽΣߴ֮һǽǿ۽磡
Ҫˣ
Ƹعǰû뵽Ҹһʮɶߡ
һӸΪɫߣţͫüۼױ
Խɼͨɺռ䣬ߣ׺䶥
̫ˣһĥǰǲɺ֮УҲĴ𺳡
âסƸ߹Ҹñ
б֮Уһվȴ˳
ȥɣŴߣһǵֽһ̣ڵع֮⡣
̤붴ţڲһռĶңǳĴռ䡣
ʯʯΪ׺ʣâ֯
һͲǴ̡
ǲطˣɺ֮У桢ͨǴǣǾԨ֮¡
һڴ
ͨëһ
ŴҴң룬Ȼʯһ¯ϷƯһѪɫס
ڱ׿ͨʯ¯ϣʵϢǳӡ
ûȥעǿѪɫףǡ
¯ΧȻˣǿɲǴȫסʵڴ¯ΧͯƵġ
Ҳ֪Ѫɫʲôע󷽱ϣһɫ
·һӣԲΣʮɶƯڱһɸߣԼԼڲơ
һɽɫ˿ϢҲڲͷţɽ߹â͸һصζ
ͨ
·£˫ַϣµõһʽ׷¸ֶû취Ҳѹƣ޷
𣿡
֮УЩߺȻ
Ҳ·ʧ֮һɫߣĥ֮š
ߣ
ͨѪȫͬ
ɺ֮У˴ڲߡ
ÿ϶д𺳣ֻɺûһ˿ݡ
ͨҡͷ£ˣһˣֹʵԽϴɣ
Ҳð麹üһεסѾżҲûãǵűǣһҲܺƸǵ۽Ϸ
һ̣ɫŵ壬
һʱ䣬߻оһˮɵߣһĿ
ۼһƬƬ·ɣÿһƬͷɼԵ
ͷܿѪ࣬ҲһצӣΨһͬǣ̫ӴǺɫ
û뵽һƸʹǸӸ£ģˣɲǻʽ׷
⣡
ߴ˻һɺˣ񱻴Ӹһ£Ķڿն
ͨˣɣһеĴôףδӴƸ˲䣬Ϳǻʽ׷
ⲻǻʽ׷ʲôҲǲס
˫ͫɲѪɫɫЦǻʽ׷ϢӦøΪԵһЩ£ᾡ⣬ʶǿңһӵ飬Ʒʴﵽ豹زֻϵ۽׷ӵеģ
۽Ǵ֮Уɽеķ´ã˲˺󼸲ٴƸ
˵˲Уߴʡ
ֶ߹ͷһ˲ǣ
һ˱ⱦ«ںߣɿΪ
һʥϢһǽɣӦҲܣʥ˵ںϵ۽׷ǻʽ׷ܣ²ȷ
Ȼף
һɫ˫ͫһҫţͬâ⡣
ϢĬĬƸֵǣһֱͷ˿ϢӴ«
ˣ⡢ʲôĪʲôӶԸǣ
ȴ֮УÿһϢɺÿ˶ԣоʱʱ̶̿Ǽ尾
̲ס棬һ
ͷƤ亹ðڼڴ£̾ϢһֱΪͨն٣ɷûоԣдģǰߴһʿǳ˽⣬ӦоƸ
ˣˣ˵ĺûмʶ֣ңڶͥǿߣؼǳ˽⣬˵һЩС䣬û֪Ķ࣡ɿ޳ɵͷ
֪ʲôС
ͨѪһģɫϢЩ֮ͬУûжаȻȻһײйӵ޷


1779 뱦
Ǻڰ
ȻԺڰ磬ϧڹżϣҲûмѪҲǽ죬ϾԹû֪ʲôֱҲ֮У
Ϊʲô֪
СеЦݡ
ǿɿ󣬹⵱ѿ
ʱðһ仰ڲһ֮ͥУһƹŶ죬ɽǿڣŴ֮һڰ䣬һֺ«Ϊƺ

⻰һɺռڣɺСкһ
ҿŹԱ֪Ĵ࣡ӳԾ֮󣬹ɿ¡
ɿû˵ˣ߿治򵥣֪֪֮ͥƹŶ죬ԼĴڣ治򵥣ͥңԶ컯ɽ總֪ͥŴڵģֻЩ䣡
˼ûеģǺ档
ˣʲôţֻ֪ɽˣҲͥˣ
ɻʵ
ܳʱˣҲɽԹΪ࣬ϹŴɽ֮УһŹϵűǿ֮ҲǿЩˣĲΪģţҲ˵
һ̣ڻͷһɣɫƸ
ɺҲͷһȦƹâֹ档
ʮа˾žţµƺǱƳΪĴڣǵ۽ϱֻǱںϼ
ЦЦõ΢΢ζ
ɺڣٴһ
߾Ȼܿںϳ̶ȣ̫ˡ
Ƕ޷ԸһܼԦ˱æ
ǵ۽ϱҴûǿںϵ۽׷ˣˣֽĿ⿴
ħţ
ħţʮħ𣿻ΪһЩħɢˣ
ħˣУɺעɳְ͵Ϯ޳ܣҲץסһЩħŵӣ
ħŵӴ
ǣ
ʧ
ƺ
һ̣֮ڣֻ
ֳһߣع߹֮һ
Ҫƺƺͥⴳƺڲ̲ռ䣬κ̫ˣ
̰ЦݣʱͻȻһâƸסɺһȥǰ
Ҫɺ
«ڲռ䣬桢飬Ҷˡ
Ǿҿһʲô£ˣǿžǣǿ߶û취һ߹֣жֶΣһ̿Скȴŵ۽׷
Ϣ֮
Ȼһ˿˿ɫ˿ߡ
Щ˿ʼƣΪһȦȻһַӡ
ڽӡ
ͷһ
ȦΪӡƸ㷢̷
ӡͷһ𣬷Ƹһɰѹꡢ̷ɺ
ˣõģ㿴
ɺڲûһ㶯˿ɺ֮𣬶ŵòᣬоǴɣҲܲסա
Ȼָһɺڲ˲ͬգƾڣӦþɺ
û˿ͬѰ֮գҲûһɫ仯ٿ«ڣЩҲδܵ
ܿģţˣɷģˣ֣ŽƳΪ۽ϱ־УѾһˣԺĴڣǵ۽׵Ĵڣ
ȷӦκΣա춯ͨҲ˲ͷӦûзһ쳣
Լ
ȻɢֻԳ֮жĴڣϧںϣһü취ܽƳɹ
˻һɺ˿

洫硣
Ƹȥһԣ֮ϣʱ֮ǰǴƿʮħŵӡ
඼ʥֻɣ
ǹŵð˹£ҿ
ףħӦгԽɵĴڣ
ʵشЩǿˣϿϷвţƲȥ
úãðߣǰڱչأκòʵɣ¿ʰǣ
⼸δã
ȻǷ뱦ף
ȥɣ
֮ץסʮħǿߣȻһǿڱ֮С
һ˲䣬¯Χˣʼ߶¯ӻ¯֮к䡣
һᣬһħŵӿʼģǲҽУûһ˿⡣
Ż£һħƤ䣬ѪҲΪѪˮ˿ʼڵ


1780 
ټ֣Ժ汾ɱȥ
һУͻȻΪһƸӱ֮ǽڶ˽ȥ
ң
գۼ䣬ӡɺһ֮УΧӦһʯҡ
ɺ֮дҿռ䣬ûȿ̫ͱͷӡ
ȱȽħţʰ㣡ӡһɣػʧȥ
ˣ
桢ͨǷ׷׿Χ͸ӡܿΧûһûһ㶯
ˣӦǲرң㿴Ǳߺöӡ滹һ̴ӾŲһϲ
֮ȥȻڼ֮Щӡ֮УǸʯʯ
ʮ£Ҳ㹻κǿ
⻪Ҳʧȥǰѡˣʱߣʱһֱϣǵʱߣû취ˣ
һҪȥԸħţȻһʱز̫ˣȷʱзӡǼ޷飡
ҵģ˵Ͷ֣˲«ڣһӺ«ͷųȥȻΪһӡһ˿˿ɣһɺ
ʮϢ
ӡˣಣ
ڴɺɳ֮УͱɭϢҪǿйڣ¼÷ֵҲ罫һ˺ѡ
˵ռ䣬ȫԽʥ
סǲܾװߣô౦Ǿܸţ
ͻȻǰӡȥԳܣɿ֮ͨ⣬ֻصɺ֮С
߶ѹȶͨ컯ɺ֮УֱΧ
ˣö౦ҩʮ갡Ѫ˵õıҩǲģ
̰ͨһӡ
һ̣һδ߶Ƹһӡһ涼ƷʯƷʯҲв١
Ƹɣ֮ʯƶɺڡ
ӡһ
ӲԶɿ˷ܾˣкö෨ʥΪʮʽ׷û뵽ռô౦
ʮʽ׷
Ҳ̫ǮˣһҲóʮʽ׷ɹò
߹־۾꣬ɱ˶ٴԼǿߣռôʽ
㡭
Ȼ䣡
ŵһζڱҩֲͬ
ɺ֮У¿ҪлƸôԴǴ޷յģɺҪô౦Ҳǳѡ
ûȥɷԽö컯ӡȡҩͨ
һ̣һӡˣ澹Ȼâ
ˣǡʲôɿ
ɿһ⴦ӡâýͰͣ۾⡢Ӧþǳﰡ


ôɣ
Щţܾףõ˰ɣ̤Ьٴȫѹ򰡡
ζ˴Ӱ˷ɽΪľͷСҲȻһ̣ȴֻһ
ϸϸһӡ֮Уâһ˲Σ߶೤Ҳ֪˶꣬˽ɫѪ⣬Լɫƣӡζɢ˳
ڵڶâȻһһ߳ɫƬ
Ƭ
ҪΪǷʧ֮ʣȴһ߳ƬȻǱĥġ
Ƭʵǰɫƺһâһ߶೤ԲΣһ棬Աĥ罣һ
һ棬򱻴ĥһӣպһֻֿס
ƬһǷһԶţ·ǻδöƬһԭʼߡ
ʧ־ϲö֮ǰΪֻһֶƬû뵽һĥõԭʼʼղһ
ɿһ࣬ȴˣĪСӦǷǳϵĴڣҲԶʱ֮УԽ̫ʱڵĴڣô꣬ѾȻΪƷʱѾﵽ۽۷壬̶ȣƲǿɽ
ܰɣ˷̶ȣ߹ֵõóʩչ˷ƬܽƸпɽƷʣӦ΢΢Խƺ
˴һԣΪѾ߹ֲΪԽ߹֣Ǵ޷ԦĴڣֶԣȻ鱦
ȡ˵
߶Ƹɡ
ӡˣƽ˲ƽƬƺУû˿Ӧ
ˣǳԽҩĴڣﰡϹҲǽҩɽܶԵõһƽ˲ҩǱҩ򱶣ˣǷˣΪɿֱˮ
֪ǺǣȻǲðգ뿪Ļðգֻ
浹ǳ̹Ȼ
ɿۻأȥӡ֮Уʼȡʥ׷ǻʽ׷
̡
ͻȻ
һĪĶȻԺ֡


1781 رռ
ջʽ׷оɶæ
ڹĵ±ͨԪйǧʱɱĹȻ΢΢˸һ˿˿档
Ҳһ̣Ϊ쳣޻֣ͻȻ䣬˲һɶ
޵Ķþûгֹˡ
˲ԭӽ֮һɶͷš
ɫȻ΢΢ͷһɫâ
ɫ
ɾ֮УŵѿƯС
һɫһֱںţô꣬ϷϢһ˿˿ںϣҲֻһ֡
֪֮ɫҲߣԶ
ڴʱ˿̣ĳɫڻζصԼδ߶ҲδͷŹں
ɿ񣬶ջʽױ
ǻʽױ
æͷϢ滺ˣǵøϿȡ߱Ȼɱ߾鷳ˣ
һȡ
ɫȻ
²ôǧʱĵҲڽζ֮ǰʵ̫ࡣ
Ƹգɿȡһ˸˷
ͨף
ɿҲף
ƺտյûʲôΧ֮ǰǰӡҲߡ
Ͼʼմ౦⣬иؼҩԴȵȣֻʯҩҩ
̫ˣ
һһ̹⻺֡
ɫ֮ų֣£ûд߶ǲκζ
Ϸͷɫ峿غȻ֮ϣγǳһĹ⻪һһ˿һռһ
ʱɫһĻ֡
ɡ
һϤϵůϯġ

ʶϲǰ￴ĳֱ֮ǰɫֶһΪǻþ
ֻǲ쳣ͷţǹսҲڳһ˿˿ӦȻӦ֪Ϊɫж˰ɣ
ɫƣʱĪȻϢ춯˵⴦ռ䣬һɫƵĴڡ
ǻȥѰң
ѾӦˣ⴦ռԼĶС󲿷ֱȡĻʲô
ʵҲûӦɫֶǼٲˣ㻹ó㲻ֶΣɫԼȥӦ
ˣ
ɫ춯̫ͻأЩ
ǧʱˣ⴦֮ûз֣˿ɫйصĶ
ֻһԭ
̫ǿҲʵ죬⴦Խʵʮʮ
Ӧ޷з֡
գ
žͨԪΧͨģ˲߶ǧʱ֮ʣճơˣֲ۵޻ǡ
ɻǲͨԪ񣬴ӹĵ°ģʶĵס
֮Сǧ֮󣬽Ϊǧʱ꣬ڵһʩչŽ
Ȼֻ΢΢߶һЩɲִ֮У˷Ѵ
޻£ǻǣֻҪעԪȥʵɻɫɵ
ɫɫ޹Ļһ㣬ɫϰһЩɫ΢΢߷ӡͷӿȥ
ﲻһƬڰ
ɫȻƾվж֡߶ȥ
ˣĪʲô֣
üϢͨɿҲȡϡ
һɫǳҲ֪УǳҪ֮һ
ԼҲ˵ȻֻǷǳڴ⴦Ӧûʲô
ͨ°Ͷ۾ֻǿһƬڰɣбǶõʯҩ˰
ܻб
ɿʱΪɻȻԼʵԼĸӦڶһƬʲôûУյбѽ
˵Ļ˵УǾһУͨĻ
ˣ
ɫͻȻһ
һ˴߶ԷǳԵƣ֮б˲棬ͨɿһ
ñλʥʵ޷ֵͨɿ֪бô
ץסɫҲ
˲ͷûʲôտյһɫϢ·֮ǰ͸Ϸ
ýƻ߹֣ԭռ󷽣һռ䣬ˣӦþں󷽣ɿ־ϲ
ͨͷŸӦںϣҪƿҲ򵥣̶ԽɣǿйҲҪһʱ䣬ǿһܷ֣
ñ«⴦ˣɿҲ֪ʲô
Ȼ浱ˣóƸʩչȫʼ߶ϣ«ֱ


1782 Ϲʬ
ͨɿҲûţʩչȫʱ׼š
㹦˽һδ
Ƹϵ۽׷ںɣҲܿȻʽ׷
ǰɴ𽥻ΪɲǼ䣬ͨһƳƬ˲ʧ˲һʲô˲䴩
תΧһԨ
Ԩ󼸺ԨڲǵһؿԨ
ɫ֮ǰһЩＸΪûԺڰֺڰ
̫ˣһ˿·һʱա
淢ɫϢԽȣǰһԨڣȻǹʣԨ֮С
ಣ
ӦԨͬʱ˼ӿٶȷУԨûʲô󷨡
ɿʱ˷֣ںڰԨյˣҸӦӦж˵ǳϣҲ̫ǿң
Ϣ䣬˺Ȼͣ
ǰһǳϣԵڹ󷽣һ󣬴͸ѪϢ
Ĺ
ͨŵòᡣ
һŰףдʮʯףû£ͷڵϣЩʯףΧΡԼʯ١
ĪѪ汲԰ɣͨһڴʧ
жȥ
ĿᶨΪɫϢԽ
ǰԨӦѪĹɫ춯Ҳ档
ͨʩչ컯һգɿҲλʥһҧͽҧһ
ԨŨѹȶڶҲһӣһʯǰ
ʯǰûĹϷдͼʯ̣һѪ񷡣
ζЩ֮գջΪ
ΧʯҲʴ·ӵһ㡣
ЩʯͻȻһӡסˡ
ǰʮһӡ֮УȻһߡ
ǴѪ˺ۣƴĿģԸоǴѪŨҡ
ϸϸһǴߣѪһīɫߣȻûѪǶԽţһԳ򣬿ϧ򶼱ն֮һ
ˣ˯Ҳ
ɫ
ץһâɫ
û뵽һ̣ɫҫ˷ڰĹӳþһƬ⺣ޱľ
治ףʬ壬ֿɫΪһųʬ壬ɫзӦ
ɣ
һ˵ˡ
漱æʵǰ鷳æô£
Ѿ֪ˣǿɲһͨʬ壬ǰ߰Ĵڣ
ߣ
ҲϹų֮Ϊߡһߡʬ壡
Ųɣ΢΢һ̾
ߣ
Ϊߣؼ䣬һ˵
ش󣬵滹ǶߵĴڣǰʬ壬е档
Ծţ߻ڴǧ֮УӦ˵˵ǵͼռĿ꣬߻ѪͼΪ
ϧվ̫šԶʱû˿޳ֻпΪͷߵȵޣ̶ȱҲ࣬һֳɾͣеͨõջ޳ΡĴڡ
ǰֵͨУõõĳЩ֮УɱΣ㿴ǵ߳˫צѪȫͬһҲͬΪѾΪҲӵĳЩ
ϧˣ޵õ磬ִδһΪ޵ĴڣˣˣʵҲѾԽɽ۷壬ɱ侳磬ôһԺɨκһɽ磡
ڵʬǰ˳Ĭš
ʶһʬ壬Ĳ
˲֮ɻ֮УһâΪεʬ壬ɫйϵ
ЦЦе಻˵ܳΪʵǿޱߣΪõɫӦϢ˵ӵɫƵ仰˵õԲŻɫӦ
ಣ
û뵽ɫֶȥǹϷӡ״ȥϷƯš
һʱ䣬ҿͷ΢΢ǵҲͷųһɴâӦ
ȻǰԡһĻ治ٻɡ
սЦɣˣȥǹ

ѾѪУԳԽϹκһͬʱӵ󴫳Уȥһ˵ӵ
ã
Ȼ˵ˣ
ͨɿţƸһ֣˲С


1783 
أ
û뵽ʬռ䣬ԶšӴǵͷųǿǿ޷̤а벽ĳ̶ȡ
֮Ѫ
˿ֲǻŶôǿ󣿡Ծ֮࣬ͷƸʼΧԵɢĿ
ɹˣ
Ƹϵ۽׷һ˿˿С
ڲͬʱһʬ塣
ʬǰ˺ۣ̫ĿģţѪ˺ۼʯˡ
ȻǡϸһƣӵӿһѪâѪâֻһһϤ
Ȼӵ
ӡ
һ̣ȫͷֶΡ
˫ֳ㣬˫Ƴȥӵʬӿǹ˲𵴡
˹ƵģſֱӴģڴڿʼɵʬ
֮ǰ滹ã̫ǿӡҲΪӡΪֱ˹
꣡
ڣ
仯˲֣ǵزѪһѪͷѪطѪҲʼĵ
Ҳһ̣һŽɫ飬˲תӽΧһӰ
Ҳںû˿ų⣬ɵ֮ȫճѪ
ɣû뵽ղżȻõ汲һߣߵĺᣬϲӵͷգ֮УҲ̺һҲڣѪա
ǻսҪǿ̫࣬޷ı仯
ҸӲܿˣ
ȫ߶ӡɵ
Χڿʼŵӡ𵴡
̣
һ̣ĳ趯ΪѪɫ
ƻΪѪ⣬ΧѪ壬ΪһѪɫѪһõϿɡ
ԽԽ࣬ɵٶ໥ںϣԼЩһš
Ѫִڷնͫӡ͡䡢üġͷȼգܿͱѪɡ
Ѫ״ٲȻΪһѪɫɸߣΪλ档
⡢֮е
ɿʶƵġ
ױȣ壬ԶŵĴڣǿ֮һ˵õͨҲɰͰͿһУǰʵ𺳵ط
¡
Ѫռ䣬ֻһʶ޷ɵҲҪա
ʴˣ
һ̣Ѫը
ԭΪ̫ϡӴҲ֪ǰ侪ˣҲȻޱȰԵ֮УĴڡ
ǵ£ģġ
һ̣ڶѪգûдʱѪﵽշ״̬Ҫգ
Ƥһ̶ڱըٿڣѪյöѪⶼڻΪһϡѪǶڷѪ𣬾֮Уڷ»Ϊ
Ҳһδ飬ΪԽʥԽ棬ڣȻһݡɱ䡣
̣
ʱӡ̫ˣԵɫ
زִ
ͷʶһԭѪѪ𣬾һЩѪɫ˿ߣЩ˿黨һ֯ΪһѪɫ棬ѪΧ
ҲоʲôϢһ棬ȻҲдѪ𣬷֮нΪһѪ棬ΧζչԷ״̬Ϸ
Լ棬濴ȥһ̣ͷ·һ֮Уǻŵհ˫۾ǽɫģǻɣһԵ
˻ˣ
˻ˣ
磬ͨɿ𺳲֮湪
ҲסˣôǣϷһǰ򵥣
ЦϲСӣյڴѾɹѡ࡯
࣡
࣡
Ȼ֪ģڷ磬֮ʿӵѪɫ࣬һֻм˲еķࡣ
һɣѾӵһѪúú࣬һ츳ͨԷչƣΪ츳ԼԦĶ
ڽ֮Уһֵ࣡
ڷں𣿡

ʵ֪࣬˲֮Ѫɫ࣬ȻǷ࣬ӵ̫࣬ľںϣγһַ࣬׶ˣڸоʱ治ã


1784 
Ҳ޷㣬ǰδûһˣھȻӵ࣬ɽҲǴδйģҲԽںϣ
һԣ
Ѫɫࡢ࣬࣬ںϳɹ͸㣬ʱȻӡɵ
ʬһƺӡ£ҷգɢ֮С
ʵǱӡˡ
һ㣬ſ죬жٵɶ٣ҲʲôҲãҲգ㶼߲ܡ
ɣȻûҲû컯Ϊ֮ࡣ
εȴڣ
ȱ˵Ϊǿ󣬾ʬԼκ˲ӵĴڣ޷ں
ǰЩܣͳͳƣĶ컯Լ㣬κһóȥǶ˷Ĵͨ
꣡
סΪɸЩ󲿷ֻ˵֮е
꣡
һʱ
һʱҲ֪ɶٵ
û뵽һֱ໥ںϡӦɫڷõһֱں֮СôͨһǧںϣҲֻ֮вһ¡
ɾһ̣Ҳ֪Ϊĳԭɫѷ죬Ȼټѿ
һٿŵò԰ףҪˣ
ϧɺ֮УѾˣɫ˲顣
֮ʣ澹ȻһɫȻγһȻʵǿȥǾһ
ҵˣʹ顣
ɣȱæģƣҲƣģҲ̫ǿ󣬳ģô飬յʮٱǧõϴ裬Ѫ壡
˵ˣѪ⣬ѪһڶΪΪ磬Ϊϴ衢ɱ䣬õɫںϣһ̣ѡںϣŻ飬Сӻ

һ
ԭˣֲɫͻȻ顣
ſʩչ컯Ҳ߶Ѫ
һ죬һһŶ㣬˲佫ɫҧסһ֣ʼһڡ
̣
ɫ岻Ϣ仯ֳˡ
ΧѪɫʼһɫȻ֮ǰѪɫ
Ѫǰһ㱻ɫɣȻѪɫһâ״̬
ңɾ޴ѪҲʼһɫ
Ѫʼɱ䣬Ѫɫۼףûб仯ɫ󲿷ֿʼû
ģ
ΪһֻۼףȻǰѪ״̬͸һʥ¾
澪֮࣬һڣܶһ̣ҲΪâǵزѪʮѪҲâѪ𣬶һиѪѪ𲻶Ϸ£ΪһѪ
꣡
һɷգΧ֡
𺳿һɫնΧ󣬾˽֯һɫףȥһӡǡ
⡢ƺӡǰ̫Ϥˣӡǣʶ
ȷӡǣ
̾ϢϾɫƣģȻӵڳںϣҲӵµһӡǣ֮ǰͻӡǣӡǣһ̣֤䣬Ψһһӵˡ
ʲôô
Ҳ֪ҲͶһ
⣬һˣ
ȻڲɫԼ
ԿΪɶȥϾֲٲѪѡ
潫ɫɫȫڣӡǣһͨɵâӡǡ

ڻǽɾΪҲоӵдǰ̫ˣڵزѪɱѪ
ѪͳѪһ̣Ѫﵽһȫ¸߶ȡ
뿪ˣѾʱҲȫɣ滺֡
ɵһɢЩɫƬϧҲѾΪҰɫ
ߣ
ɳ󷨣ͨɿʩչҪⷽء
ֻϧոշɳףΧټԨ֮УȻնһа档
Ȼ˴Ĺ֮УѪ汲Ϣ֮أˣǻʥʬ֮УǼˣеȱѵųȥ
һϤİĶ

ͬʱԺðһߡ
Ѫ֮УΪǿ
ٿΧӡҲܣΧԨͰ󷨣ֻҪһܱ
ѱ
׼һս
ӳȥֻͨץסһɽʥλĢƱը
һǰףһǲն֮ϡ


1785 Ѫ
û뵽Ȼɽгһӣͨӳȥǿ˲䱻ںϡ
ݣ
һһɱһۣ
̫嫣ʵѾʥ
ɿһֱûг֡
ͨλʥʵ޷Ը֣Ҳֻǰװ
ɿզˣαؽǿһУΟҲûǿ󣡡
Σأ͵׼κǿߣҲòһ·
Ƹ
һʵʵ޷Կ
ȻûɱֻǸӦܵԼ˴ڣԶ
Ƹٴγ֣߶֮˫§ס««Ϊ߶೤ǳء
ź«һɿֲ۽׷ʼꡢϷȷϧƺҲǵ۽ϷֶûУƸɴ󲿷
ˣһɣһɣһƬһƬ𽥱Ƹһա
Ǵڴڵɣʲô˰磬ѹˣϧҲ޷ѹһ۽׷Ҫԣһӡ桢ͨɿС
ͨҲ˷󣬶ΧʼԴ׼ս
ҲδɱǼѾӳȥˡ
ʵǲпģ
󣬺òһƬͨһ飬ӳ˲䣬޷߳һ
ǰԨһʯϣһ˰޵Ĵߣһ
һ״ߡ
Ѫһ˫ͫˣǶǿǼ۽ױ«ӳ⣬ԼĹģ
㱦ȡˣҪ֣Ѿ׼ˣֳƸɱޱȣսѾʼüҷգһڷ֮üͷ֮ϡ
߻ĥΧʯ׹䣺˼Ǽ࣬ñһγԾһΣȻǣұ⣬ִĹ֮УȱϢ˵ǣ
ˣԺ󷽺ڰԨһ
ಣ
ʮ߷ˣѪ
ͨ̿ˮЩ߶ʥʵҲǴϵĴڣϢǿǧ
ɿҲֺ֮ɫͨ򾲲٣ˣǶλɣԼԽɵľǸǶֻ֣д߶ȥҲͨƸ«֮У
һ֣һȺ£ʰˣǾԺ«ԸЩʵ˳ҲʩչѪЩֶǶã롭
ʱ˿̣ĳҲܻš
ƺʲôƣܲһ·

ʮǰڰԨ
ֱȥЩɱˣһ

һ˲䣬ץһʮ֮ǰ֮ȡ
һɡ
ǰڵɡʱС̶ȣɷ޷ᣬһˣΪﵽ¡
ʼϣɲǻΪһʮɴ鷨̳
Ѫ
̳һɣһֻֻѪƤѪƤһšһ
Ѫʼϰֻǧֻٺֻ
⻹ǽǧ꣬Ѫ
ƾҲ޷Ϣ̳֮鶼Ѫǿֻˡ
ֶ̣ʲôһɣһʥһֻɿǴɣ
ʮѪյأȻϢмϾûʯңҲʯǴͷЩԨϣԨΪһ㡣
ˣ
ţ֡Ҳˣ
ÿһֿʼͷƣץʮɷ̳Ϊģ׼֡
Ѫ
̳ڲѪƳ˫ƣӡһֻֻ㣬ѪΪ
Ѫ඼ѪɫѪǻɫΪһŴͨ

̳֮Уִ㿪ʼζΪһУܴżǻڲζ
һվϷΧһǿߣˣȻǴ֣ϷǸʩչȴᣬл͸ҺݺݹһʩչƸԸЩǿߣɱɴ󣬿ƬԨκ֮佫ɣ
ͨ󣬷׷׿ʼ׷̳
ʱֿƷ̳磬һּӳУһڡ
ͬһִ̣߶УΧԨκϢҲ
󷨣ֻ˰ˣһ磬նɱҲã
ʱʮ߹ɱˣ


1786 սȺ
ƽ֮һɼ߹֣˳֣һ˻߳죬Ϣ
Ҫˣ
ɲһƸڲñξͿˣ
˷ģںϣҵ۽Ϸ˲ֻͨе۽ɡҲܿκδɣ
ƸڲһҲš
ͣ͡
ɼںü֮ſ͵˲䣬һںڷһ׺ڷ糤ӣɶ
꣡
˿ֲƣԵεȳ̶ȣ
˳˲䣬ͽڰԨȻռ䣬κϢ֮飬ռ䶼𵴡
ɼĴ
ĺãĺãСү͸׼߲׷ɱ̳ⷽѾҡΡ
Ȼֵܵס繥ơ
һ̣һץһ׹߲ʷͻȻں«ڶǺڷ˲䣬ź«߲׷顣
޼£ǼֻʥʵȣϰĶ֣Цڽ˲󷨣κ˻ɱ

󲻵ɣ
߶·У֮ǰնӳƸ֮С
«һ㣬һƹҫ
ҫ˳̳˲䣬Ȼһ׹⣬Ȼ䱬һߴСΪһɶྪˣ˸߲֮⡣
ڰɱҪûƸԼ߲׹˲䣬߲׹߳һȻΪɾˣٶԽ磬֮Уһ޼᲻ݵɽ
¡¡
˶𺳿߲׹⣬ȻһˣƸ۽ƶ֮£ǰ׺ڰ繥ƴиʧȥƣǰһڽڵؿʼը
ɹˣˣ㾹ȻԽɾ죬ϷԸһɴ
ͨɿ桢ţֶף
ԼƺûкܴգԶԸ
濴ȥž޲ǳ򶨣̳ӳ֣صΪڿǿ߶ƸôˣӷõҲʩչ˷ˣ
ߣһżȻ
һߴ˴ַӦٴڰ硣
߲ԪҴӷϵһֱûдʩչξͽ۽׷߶ȷԵ
һ߲׷Ƹﱬը
Ƹ΢΢һӺ«ССһɵ۽׷ƹҫ
ҫӺ«֮˲䣬ɺǵ߲׹⣬ɱƹҫ˲䣬߲׹зŴһ˲˷гһ߲׺ۡ
¡
ұըȻҲƺ«Ҳը޷ѹƹơ
߱ҡڲţȿ۽׼ķȷ鴫üʥʵˣ߶ȴɴ
ֳΧţҺֵǣӼˣΪӵе۽׷
ʥܴ߶۽׷
ֶܼãԴ߶۽׷
ʮжһŤצӥ֮צԽץ顣
ɱ

Ʋɲһζ䣬һͷͷ磬ʮɱ
漸˶ԣʮ繥ƣŭХҪû½Ҫء
߲׷
潣ü·Ҫŷ徫նץʮ߲׷һ˲ץ顣
䣡
Ƹϣ۽ױ«ɲһ磬֮ҲΪˣƶʮ߲׹⣬ɱȥ
ԣǰ㹥Ҫⷽȥ屶
Ȼ߲׹һɲǼ䣬ΧڰԨԨ·ûгڣԼҿռ䡣

һ߲׹⣬ƾ˫ɱһ֮У۽⺣ƶȥͬǵ۽׷ڴ߷߲׹⡣

һ̣ҲǧѪ߶
ǾܾûгԹ̰ڷ̳ΧԼƬռκ
߲֮ƺ«Ҳû
һҪ֧ˣӵʵ߷۽׷
ͨǣȫա߷̳ǻС
ѪԼ֣з̳һɻ֮⽫桢ƸС
һ桢Ǳ«еɡ
һδͷ߲׷߲Ԫѷǳۺ񣬽֮Ҳд߲Ԫ֯ɵĵۡ
Ϊ߶߲ԪһҲ˸һ߲׹⡣
ɱɱɱ
ϧ
óֶʮߣȻӿ磬У״һƬɱԼ߲
ܸഭϢᣬ࿴壬Ϊյذ
꣡
߿ʼ䶾ֻ̣ǶҺ
˲˶ԣ̧ͷһ̾ɽϷҺ׹ꡣ
ˡͨɿ桢ţ¶ˣҲû취ԸΪЩﵽɸ߶ȡ


1787 ߲
ͨӵְԵƶϧǲʮǿ߶ҲֲʮϢ
ҪҲ׼ֶΣ𣿡
ȻΧһץ
Ѫ֮һȻ̳Ϸ
Ѫ
治ɵ˼ص귲磡
ʱǸˣͨʿ޵ͻѪһ̣оԼһأ
ɽ֮κѪҲûǿ
Ѫ̳֮⣬һֻֻſ죬ÿһֻʶһ㡣
ͣ
һ̣һֶ̡ҺҲڷ̳Ϸ󷨡Ƹʴһ
Ѫ綾ȷ̫ˡͨΪ֮Ҳһˣ綾
̡Һܽ󷨶ʴһӣҲֻ޲ߣʥΪ޷ɴڵľ綾
ɿҲΪ֮̾ѪϹŹϱ죬ֵطɸ־綾£ǿµĲͨǱ־綾ɽ֮Уֹż¼ǵĿ£
ЩѪ
桢ţֶޱȿ϶һ·ӷԸǿߣѲǵһΣǿѹ
Ȼ
̳󷨺ܿ챻ʴʮССһڲѪҲſ죬Щ̡ҺҧסţǾɱòԥ̡Һɡ
ʲôܻܲ⣬Ƿ߶ʴ
ѪɲȥЩһֻֻһ㣬Һ̲ɣ̳߶
Ҳץᣬͨȥ޲󷨡
ǸͷĳͨܽǾ綾ɣʴ
ЩԼŲɣ߶ɱˡ
ˣ
ϧȴǰСС̳֮ϣ߶һֻֻûˣǵɱﵵ߶ûһô
̳Ҳ޲ãѪһֻֻڷ̳棬߶㱻˰һǡ

ϾԷǴǴɼĴ
ɴ
ȿɿ󡢺桢ţ֣ڶʥʵɿͨʵȥɿʵжǿٶ죬һҧȥܽͨʥҧ顣
ҧһʥ˲ɱһʥɿ綾Ҳһ
ʥɿʥǿߵجΣ֪ʵﵽжôֲ
žžž
Щͷų
ÿһΪ׳γɳ״̬
ɲǵ繥ƣɱһԪƯϷΪǾͷչƣǣͷڰ֮һߣʼںϡ
ܿ죬һʮԴĴ߳ˡ
䲻ǻĴߣ˿µߣ桢ͨҲش
ಣ
ʹӸ߿ÿռ·ڱ÷̳Ҳڿʼ𵴡
̫ˣ
ɲȫ߶Ƹʱֻȫһץһ߲׷˲䣬ͱƺ«ƣ߲׹ɱȥ
꣡
߲׹ƺ«ƶ£Ȼ˳֮Уδû飬ֻٶܵһЩӰ죬Ȼ̳
ͨʮͷߣʵϻֲ֮´ˣĶ·Ԩ
¡
з̳̳ڲݺ𵴣桢ͨǣöһѪͷĿѣ
һ̣Ǵͨþ޴壬ŷ̳ζɲˣߵһḥ̂ŷ̳ʼ̳һÿʼ顣
˰ԵʮϢ̳֮Ҫѹƣ顣
ҿɲǳصģ
ȫ߷ʵﵽɾ۷壬Ҳľ
ͻȻϷճһƻ棬γһâڲ
ȫʩչѪû뵽Ѫգͻ״̬֮ǰɫ龫Ŵı仯𣿡һμѪΪ״̬
ãҾԸߣ
Ƹ˵ʲôͻȻͷѪѪ
һɲǼ䣬âʹһɶ󣬿ʼɱ䣬ϵͻΪʮɾˡ
ȥ
ٿ棬վ룬ػߣУػ

ڣںʯ¶˾֮ɫ
һ˫ɫ񣬿ʼգĹԶǰʬڲҲ汲һֱȴûںϡõΪαһСӵõˣ
ܣһܣҼǵǰʬ壬ﲻâѪɫСĪǣӵ
̫˼ˣֻ壬ԼҵһſӵУһͨɣôӵУ
ҲãֱҵһݴһӵܽѹҾǰһӵ
ôˣҵ汲ǣһֱǰɴûնֻӵмڻһ죬һжҵġ
̰ԶԶһһ


1788 Խ
Ȼ䣬Щ߹£Ǳ߶ɱ
Ȼһ̣ŷԼǶģ
Ƿ̳֮Уɱһ
һͣ뿪̳˲䣬ͷݺһײͽڷ̳ߣײ鲻١
ټҧסǿֺݺһײ߾޷ס̳
̳һεõͨһʱ޲
ʵ˰֮Զɿ·棬һ
һԼԦĴڣҴͷųҲذڳÿһˡ
ȫ߶ѪѪںϣƲ󲿷ԻУҲƸ
ƣ˺ֻͨԼѪʩչˣֻռ֮һ
䣡
ڷ̳֮ϣ߲ʱͷײʱҧסԷһδν֡
߶Ҳԣ޷ģģͨҲʱʱ̿ˮȥ
һ̣ٶȣ̳ҲȲ˴߶ٶȡ
ȫԸԸʮͷɴߣһйǶˣֻжԸ򣬴ֻҪʮϢ̳ܽ飬ʱǾˡ
ûз̳Լʵ߶Ϣ
ÿ˶ԣɳʱʱ̿š
߻߿ҧҧȥ˵ľˣʮҲģϾһҲڱѪɣʧ֮С
ʱһŭӺ𵴶ٻԷƣǱȼٱǧκβǣ
ǣ
ԭڷʩ

ʮ߿ʼճȻȫԸ֮ǰ
һɱͨһǿʢݺһײͽɼԶһײҲ÷̳֮ڣ棬ܵشٴѪ
ͨɿ桢ţֶˣ
ţ
漸ˣͨûб飬ֻܵѹơ
Ȼʮ߹֣ӿһӰâܿ컯Ϊʵ
ǴڵЩӵ
һ´½쳣ٿΧһʵҲֻ۾ΧͨʩչǧʱЩ֮Уȥ

֮ǰҲûҪ
´ʮ߹֣֮Уη𾴡־塣
һ֮УʮߣǷشӿգԷľ£׿ӿǿʢ
ǧʱ
ʵԼ֪ɲԿǿ֮ܲܶԸ
ֻ뵽취ȥһԡ
ǧʱʼ߷ͨԪǹĵ£ʼֲٹĻ棬ȫһϷʱԺֻһʶǾǵ
û뵽ǧʱʱӿջֻǿһߣȿʮ
Ϊǧʱͷųȥ־ȫ͸ƬڰգΪЩӿٶ
Ϣ֮ʮȴһ㣬ΧߣǴҲٶһ֡

޵һ㣡
ǧʱ·лΪһԾ˳ȥʮϷը
ЩҲһӰߣȻЩʼӿԽɱĴͨɱҲ޷档
ΪΪ޵Ĵڣһ־ҲһһʵԲκӰ졣
⻹ҵһοƿû뵽ȴǿƴߵ
ʱʮƯǰ
һĴߣÿһнһɾ޴һƯǰ
ִӺӿ󣬱ʮߵҪС롣
ΪЩߣǰͷŵ޷աЩֻƯΧ֮С
һǰȻÿһӰֻһ߶󣬿̫ˣںںһƬһ֧ߴ
ͨһٿʮߵ
ʱ̫ˣ޷ִ֧ͨ
ĻԪһδգû뵽ӿͽһƬСӱں϶ɵ׷üġ
ЩԹԵطԪڹĵΧһ˲Ԫںϡ
̣
ġޡߵ棬Ȼ޵ػָ


1789 ɱ
Ӧй޵شȫͷţ˷ޱȣԭ֮󣬹Ȼ֮Уʵ˶Īԭã
оɵ¶һͷǹŽ棬ƹŽӵҿôһ֮󣬻
ᵽá
ɣ
ȫͷ˲䣬оֻˣûһ˿ģĳ
ʮһ֣Ȼʩչǧʱͨͷ
ǧʱЩ֮УЩӿȥһ
ȥѾΣһֹ״̬
Щȥʮûһ˿죬ҲûзһĻ
ƴǧʱȥϷںϴǧʱȻһƿأմһصһڡ
ѭһӣ
¡
Ҳһ̣ԼʮƵĴͨѹҲ˼ٷڹϷ񣬶Ԧû֮ǰǰġ
һ̣һײһӣûȫ飬ҧסߡ
ͨɿȴ޷ֻڴ澡ֶΣٴε漣
ң˯ɣҵ־Ϊ𡭡
治ϴ߶ǧʱƵϴһߵԺ
һ־ƣ
ܿΧȻɢȥһЩƿͨҲ֮ǰǰ͡
ȻɹˣǧʱٴԷڣͨƶԷ֮пơ׶Էʶ
ڳɹˣ
һʩչԸˣ
ǰܶζʩչȴǰƸ޷ʩչһ
ʵǿһ죬Դ߶һִͨˡ
𽥵ģЩʧ߳ɣһ·Ҳ޷ƣɢ
ô£չһĻʱɫ
´Щ߸޶ԡ
ܣʧȥһΧƶζ
ô£ڸоԾԼ˽⣬ܲӺ
ڶˣʮߣ
ˣʲôף㽫Щһ㣡
̳֮УɿҲֵĺܣʵ
ͨ桢ţҲһ㣬ʵԽܣ֮ǰƴԸЩʱ˿̺һ㡣
ʵ벻ͨ澿Ϣ֮䣬νЩжȥ
ҵģΣգ
߶ǧʱ亹ֱðͨģɲһǰ㡣
Ǹʲô
ŭޱȣһߣǾ˯Ƶģ۾
κЩȻûһ˿Ӧ
ڲʲôת棬´СĴڣ࣬С㣬û뵽һɣ˴ͨͥķɽӣ
Ѿ֧ţֻһͨʿҪɱҶ޷ѡ֮£ƴˣƴȻĺѿ
Ϊ뱾⣿
Ҳ֪һ㣬ҪɱңҲҪ۵ġ
һĴڣϵߣδĺᣬһҪ׽㣬ȱ֮󣬾ǰʬ壬ɱɵʱҾӵ֮
ΰɣ
Сǣɣ
Ȼźһץ
һץˣһڰ󷨣֮֡
أ
ֻգۼ䣬ӺڰγһߣǴߣȻ͡ѪȵѪ
ݼ
һ
Ҳʮһ˲ӿʮʵﵽɼ߹֣̫ˣƬԨγһδҳ̳֮⣬ܵɰ
Ըô߹֣
߷ߣмԼ֣֪߳ҿԸһ·ֻҪ࣬һѡ񣡡
ѡ𣿡¼Ĭˡ
ͨɿ桢ţҲ޾ɣֻܿһ̣ѡ
Ҳֶ֪Σûк·ٴѡ̤Ƹܱɱ«һУɲٸһΣӺ«ӳĻᡣ
սʲôս
κһѡ񣬶·ֻһѡ񣬳
ʵ֮һΣǶûһġ
˵һ·ͻسŵƺھ£ٴ
ǡ
Ȼ
һЦ·ڼԨռ䣬Ʈ㳼һεºܣҼұδǻΪɽ׵ĴڣΪһְˣұ𳼷
˭
ŭҲ󾪡


1790 ַ
̣ҲǽأѪػǲ
ˣȵĿ̳֮࣡УȻ˿ЦݿڰԨ
ڰ֮УһӰŸոЩߣ̤Ż󷽶

ڰ
һ˽ƶȫǺڰϢڰԨ֮Уûһ˿Ӧͬһĵ̡
ɿ󣬸ΪϲˣʱףŷֿãҸоǿ̶ȣ֮ǰٱ
Ҳ֪ϾԺڰ磬һȳǧ
ֻǽɣΪһȴǳԽ˴ɵĴڣڰԼɸǿʬ壬Щͨӳ֣ʽٶȹҲ࣡
Ҳû뵽ɳ˳̶ȣ̫ˣ
ԼҲ˵Ȼ
Ҳ֪ʲôȻ򲻻ǿǰ߶ȡ
ǾȻһΪͷˡ
ʮߣҲŷ
ӷϵȻϢԼڰǿҲǹǿǡ
ŭգǷǱϵǱ̣ҽߣҪڴˣҲ޼£
ߵȷҲǶ֣ҲκңҿɱЩǶǴʵҿûһв
ڰնӴǰ̳
̳󣬾籾һ㣬ЦҪսսɣǺξ壿Ҫһ㣬ǿɲ֮Щ࣬Ī˺棬ֻȥڣ
в
˵ǣ
ս
˵սҲ⣡
úã꣬õУس²鱦ҾҪǣЩ˸˺ˣ
׶ɱûд֡
һӣʮߣǴʵɱ˲䣬ɫǵض
˵̳𵴣ǼԨҲʼʯ
𿴷һ㲻£桢ͨǶ罣ں
濴Ѿûа취Ըǣ֮ǰҺò׿ơѹʮɴߣʱ̫࣬ҲܶԸ
Ϣɣպ㽨÷ֶ̳ͨζһҿ˲ƿ̳úϢʵҲʮ߶֣Ҳ֣ʵҲλʵҲɱԳԽɣٶɱģκκڰҶɡɣ
Цˣݲ΢Цš
ﵽλʵҲһզ࣬ʵٶȣȷֲ
˺룬ѪڻУȻ
ͨ桢ɿСţֶˣҲܵССشҲΧ
ֻ˫һϣ̳ڲӿȥΧٴθֺڰ̰ơ
𣬸һöȱٵģһڰâӷΪһƯ
Ȼʬ壡
ʬ壡ɿһʬӺڰ֮˹
ˣһʬ壬㹻ǻָԻָƣ˵ܰԸǷȺˡ
ʬ룬ֻǱ΢΢ƿأ߶컯оͽʬУǿдӴʬƤѪ
ͨϴ߶컯Ӵڽһ˿˿ɾ̺˸Ͻɴ
ẓ̌
ẓ̌
ʮδʽɱ̳γɳԷ̳һδξİֲٻǣⲻϰ
ɣһ˿ƴһȥ
ƫڰȥ֮󣬻ΪһƬƬУʼ
ּӡһЩ㲢δΪУЩͻȻ׵磬һںڰ֮ζٶȾˣһɱ
нɣָ̳ǰֺβͺɨһֻֻ㡣
һ̣Ҳſж̣ӷʩչЩô֮βɨǧϯ㡣
ֻǱɣδ飬˵ǣŷ΢Ц֮ſ쾹Ȼһɫ׵硣
ȻҲܽϵ֮յ˸߶ȣɰϵ澪㵡
ڣ
һɫ׵磬شٷԾ䣬һߡ
ЩѪҲסɫ׵һ׵Դ׵֮²пǵը⵽ɡ
ΪԹױΪؼ䣬ΪԵ
ԶŴţȻ֮е׵磬ؾڷŭͷأԾȻ޵С
Ȼ߲ԪҲ̺߲׼Լϵ˿նɱ棬׵磬ɱߡ


1791 
ѪڣͨɿȴҲǴԹ
֮ǰһֱѹôڷˣǿƷɱնɱ
ʹ죡
ɱʮߣͿ𣺡ܻɱͨ޷ԸģǿٱǻҪߣ
Ǿ׼ߣɱȥǲ֮浱ˡ
ʣЩߣˣǵ̣Ȼɱһһ̣ʮ𣬲ʮɣն𣬻Ϊһջ𺣡
𺣲ѹƶ㿿𺣣Ҳ޷֣յǻ𣬼Ϣ֮󷨡ʧҲڻ֮һֻֻ顣
ʮͷԽ˴ɣԷʵȻ޷Ը
а취ˣϴ߶Ƹ
ϻ֮𺣣ԭһжܷմο㣬Ԩܶʯڻ
ڰͻȻĳְ취Ըô߹
Ϣ֮󣬱ͻȻ߶Ƹ«ӳںڰ߶оն
УƸںϴ߶£۽׷ڱɴ߶濴ƸδйһĻ֡
«ϳһ˿˿ߣЩ飬ϸǽߣ֮һ㵭Ľˡ
Щ˿оƸҪһӺ«ڲը񱩶

ͻȻ§ƸǰУ֮ʣ֮Уɷն
߶ƸȻ޷
ͬһɣʵɲ⣬ԽƸ߷ĳɡ
۽һѾ֮
Ƹ𣬴ɶȡһ߲׷
һԨգЩⷽƣֻܿ治Ϸնȥƺû̳
ְ㣬δնȥơ

һ֮һ֮Ԩըѡ
Ƿ̳ˣ
⣬Щߣ
ǧ⣬ǿǷ£ŭһָ׷׷˴Ԩûг·ҿӣأȥ
¼ƻա
ʮԽ𺣣ո׷̳Ȼһڰħ̻Ϊһ§ƸӰ
Ƹꡢ𣬸Ϊֲǣ٣ڲȻ߲׵ɱ
žֺգʮԼ󷽻𺣣ɻ𺣾ɱһֲ
ಣ
ƸԵ߲ԼڰǼӰ׷ȥ
׷׷
󷽣Щɱȥ
ͨٶȷԨ֮ʣܿɭɭƸЩ𺣣Ҳ޷ơ
ǰԨѷ죬ӦͨͨЩٶ̫죬ǲܾӳȥʵû취һסǣ
Χ£ԼܼһЩ˺Ԩ
뱾Ӧ԰취
ͷŸӦ˿˲ǰдѪ䲻ǴʵҲʥԼɵʵ̫ˣ
ɲǣ˿ﾡͷ
ﶼ£´кüԨѷ죬ϧǣÿһѷһ˲䣬дѪΧڰ֮ӿЩѷ֮У½ˡ
Ϊ壬ǸűǣڰֻһӰԽȥһ֮⡣
ܿһȥһѷ֮УͷŴӰץסһѪͷŻѷΧգѪٶȷ

˼ʱ𺣳һ𶴣һһ𶴣ΧЩѪ֮࣬ûʲôô
ʵ̫ԵһѪѹһϻգʥʵ棬Ϊһߣճһǻڿ֮С
ܣӲˣѪײҲӵʶ
ȻǵõҲҪסˡ
ߣһ̣˳ڷڻ£Ԩ⣬ʱΧֻʮߣ̫漱æ÷һߡ
ȻͷŻ棬ƽһѹߣõңʱھˣ
ԼģʵڲУĪҪӲţҲδԥŴѷٴ߲׷ȥ
Щ֪ߵغףǣҲӵ౾Դ
ǣҲҾָħ
û˵ѷ֮Уһӿ֦Χʯ¡κν䡣
鶼Ǻڰ֦һӳΪһ
ɱ͵ЩǧӿѷЩ֦գۻ˹ɻѷռѳ̣¿֦ɱҲѾ޷ܣֻȥҧ


1792 Ƭ
һҧס֦ŷ֦Ӳ̶ȣѳʥ߶ȣ֦˲ס塣
ںڰЦ֦ͷźڰִһЩѪ档
̣
֦סЩߣ˲¶Ŀ⣬һߣϢ֮УΪһʬ
ЩֻʥԼͨʵȻвɣգ۹򣬴ʬ֦ɡ
һǧǱ׼񹥻Ȼ֪ЩٽԳΪʬ
ǺڰƯͷһ߻ΪʬҲ
ɶ񣡡
ʮҲɱԵǧ߻Ϊʬ֮ȫ޷ԿڰЩ벽
ಣ
ֲ磬ڰУ㾹Ȼӵ˺ڰ㲻ࡣ
ڰһ̣ȫΪһ̬ҷȰĪҪ̤һִ꣬ٵõһЩ뿪αɱɱȥţҿԸ㣬ɱҲԽɣЩʬ
Ϊûиε㣿̫СأﻹиЩڰ࣬ٹҵأû뵽Ȼˡ

ڰûߣ
ǿƴ֦ٴδΧǿץסǧߣԨȥ
ֻһѪĴ

棡
桢ͨɿ桢ţֺòӳһΧȻǻҰ׾أ֮Уܵٶȷ޷
ӳˡ
ɿһ´ȫʧȥˡ
ˣȥѰͨҲæʵ
ΧǻҰʯңһУκʯֶ֡Ϊʯ
ʱֿΧӦΧû޷ȥĿȡҩԼģѵõҪĶ뿪أȥΧյˣ˳ҲҪͻʥȳΪʥðգ
ಣ
˲ԥΧյطȥ
;ܼһЩˣԼʱ䣬ڿҰ磡
ⶼвˣ֮󣬼˷½˽ء
ϤΧյѰһɽȣú÷̳ͨΧػ̳
ץԴ̷Ҳõʮֱҩһ˷ֵһ꣬ЩѪõıҩ̫
Ǻñ֮ǰʬ壬ֻһʬ壬ղһ룬ƻָ࣬˱ҩԻָ۷壬ʵҲҩϴ裬Ȼɱ䡣
ֻھ̳֮У̳ôƷʯɣﲻյأΧյأҲֻ֮һ
ܿΪöɲ״̬ϵطգĴѪӴʬ岻մһ˿˿ɾڣҲ𵴡
һ걦ҩȴʬһЩڣҩϴʬ壬þﵽɾ۷塣
ɿ󣡡
ͻȻɿ뷨̳
̳֮УɿͼУץһɫƬ
Ǵ滹ûоȻȻ
ﰡ
ֱӽƬâɿ󣺡ⱦ͸ˣ
ˣ⡢ϴܶںı͸ˣֵɿĿࡣ
ʶȻ֪ƬҪԡ
ѾƸɽȵȷ̫òϣҪһʥ׷ʵϴﵽٶȣԻɱɶ⣡
ٺ٣
ɿЦ˻ȻץסƬӦþԶ࣬þޡޡȡƬʱ̫ʢܶʿ֪֮ȻʣֱӴĥţЩԶ֮֮У֮Ϊ²ǷҲӵгԽͨҲ÷ǰ仯ǧ
澲ţٿƬϱԶҵӡ̺֮ĴͨҲԶѧ
ˣ
ɿץʯһƷһǼƷ
ƷʯӲȴﵽʥ׷߶ȣƷʯǴﵽʽ׷ǵӲȡ
ǲ
ץסƬֻǶƷʯһ׽ʯһΪ˳ƶżƷʯиȥ
ƷʯҲ綹һΪ棬ǳ⻬
ȻЩڣԶ֮ﵽΪȷʥ׷ʽ׷ҸоɽӲеһȣ
ûҪ
ֶԣȻôɿͬôɿٶ츳
Ѿﵽ۽׷߶ȣҲ֪ںжѡƬɿ˷뿪̳
ʥ٣׼ʼ˰ɣ
Ȼͷڰ̴ըһαһ
һ̣ؼѾʼ춯澲ŴٵҲ˽ʥ٣һҲϴ٣ý١ϴ裬ܽʥ
ֻץһâ


1793 ʥ
â
һâ
ۣ
âһնڷ̳֮У桢̳ⶼûˡ
ͨٴοâ
浱ˣû˿˽õƬɿһҩҽиһһݣ
ϴҩڻбҩҩˣǲ̫ϧˣⲻ񰡣΢Цţ˵ⷬſˮҪԵҩ
ɿҲɻĵС˵ҩҩǱҩʮٱҩƷҲ֪࣬ҩһʥɶҩҩǳԽ֮ϵľͷɵģ
ҩȷ󣡡
滺˵һ˫˫ɻڴ񣺡ոɱֱ˲ͷϵĸоףֻҪ޷δҲ֪ᷢʲôǷǳСҲֻץڣҩȷϡ٣òأΪ
ƺЩˡɫȻ
Ϊһ˲䣬ͻȻ׹ǰʲôñΪδ㣬Ȼ뷨ǿ󣬴ʱǿ󣬻Ҫȴ죿ȵԺúԴʱڽǿܰս죬Ҳڴ죬ҩڴʱǿ󣬺ֲΪһٴǿߣΪСбʲôô
ϴ˵Ķԣ
ãһЩñҩһֱգȻ˶˵ˣǱҩҩֱˣ
֮ǰһɻ󣬵˵ףʲôˡ
ˣ
ɿ󽫽ɫƬץ
̳֮У潫âͷţ˶ʱһοҩʲô
ҩʵһ仨һ߶ߣոţһ¼ÿһƬ궼žҩ㡣
ɿʩչƬһиȥȽиȻ̷ֽֿƬ̫ˣиҩҲСһ
֮ͽƽ䣬зݣǵõҩǸ˾˷ܡ
һ̣潫ҩӡãٿ߿գ֪ʲôʱȫͷųȥ죬ѾƼƴһ˿˿׵֮з߳壬
Ҫˡ
ʬ塢ҩҩ̳׼õĶ׼ˣ
ȻվϢΪһģ⣬֣ܼһЩϢߡ
ϢѾ̺ء
̤ʥҲҾ̫̫֮֮ܳԼǳ֮ͨѾʵûжôǴԴɣҲôͻʥ
ڴͻʥһ̣֮УɲſճԽ֮ĺ
ҲʥҲԼ
ͣ
ٻգ׵籼ڣս໥ײһαһ
濴ƴʷһƷ·𽫽һӴơ
һ̣ΧʮԼգΪڰ磬ʮյأ̫ˡ
ˣ
һɻҫͻȻ۰㣬
㣬һٻɱָһٻ
ҽٻһ޴ɿΧˣʥ٣һ屶Ҫİ
һ˲оŵٻһѹһض
٣ʲôصͨʥǰ
˲һץΧ㣡
ں֮󣬻ΪɶУ˲ɫѩһȥ

кһѴһؽٻһٻ˲ڸ߿ձը
濴һĻֻǵһЦ㣬Ϊһɱȥ
¡¡
ըһνһΣٻƬ׹䣬յضڷգͨǱȥʮ֮⡣
һٻѴ֮ʹˣڶش١
ý٣
ȽϼɵĴڣΪý޴ڣ޿ײ룬ֻҪĴ־ᣬǳױýٿơ
˷ǿֲٻգȴţٴӸ߿սٶһɹ׵߳ʣҪԼضһˡ
һЩ׵Žٷ磬ͬ׵籩ûнٻΧͷſֲ棬ҲҪͷЩٴ顣
֪ΪΣٺӰѾΧ֣Ҳ֣߳Խоȫͷ˺ҧš
Ȼһǰ·ɣ೤Ӱճζ֮ʣſҧ
ߣ÷ǳϤֱ֪뵽֮ǰѪһĻ
ԣڶɽ٣ʥ٣
֮ʣ߾Ҫҧ
ͻȻһȥһͷȻû߾޴󣬿ٶȡƶǿ١
䣡
һһڿײһ𣬷·ֻصԨ֮УʩչȫѪսһ㡣
ɱһ𣬴𵴣ռɢȥһ̣ض֮±
סȫעɱ̶ȣҲ֪ٵ


1794 ҩ
һδɱȥоٴ֮߳󣬱ɱ
Ҳֶ֪ãȻ߱һ˲ҧ飬Ҳǰʧˡ
ٿΧκαƻ籩ӰһʧԼڽٻ֮Уʲôûһ
ѵɫ߶ڣ
ȻȭͷȻ򣺡ý޿ײ룬ղߣ٣Լ־ûɵĴڡ
ý֮Уɱذʵ֮УΧֻнٻϷҲֻд١
߳壡
ͻȻһ֮ˣ
濴٣׵翪ʼ᣺һ٣Ҳϴ٣һŴΣ׽ٻֱӻܴ׽٣ֻ׽٣Ϊϴ裬ֻгɹŴδ٣飬ӽɽΪʥ
ˣһ׽٣Ҫͷų׽Ҳϴ𵤣ؼ֮УЩǿͻ֮ɿڰдһ
ͣ
һٳˣ
䣬ͷʲôҲûһɴС׹⣬˲û
ֻоȫһпɿ壬׹ֶȱƤʼѪѣðѪ׵ҲɱڣҲǿлһЩ
һѪоʹ࣬ڶ׽ٳˣһ˲ͷȻ塣
Ҳһ֣ϸ΢пѪ⡢Ҳѿ
κһ׽٣һڹش࣬ȻϰһУڰ˵׽ɱȥ
Ȼ˫һϣ˲֮нץ˳
һ̣ھŵ׽ٺХһ׹֮ɱ档
˲䱻׵УֻǲڲȻв󷨡飬ڽ𵤡ס׵һڲٵ۶顣
ΪҪ
ΪҪ޽𵤣
ԭʥ磬ٻֱϴ𵤡ϡϴ
ǿһж֮飬ɽʧܡ
ɹˣŴ׽ϴﵽ˳ɣǳ˰ɣ
һ٣ȻȻֲ׽٣Ҳʲôٻֻһ⡣
ֲؽ
ž
һɲǼ䣬ʼ⵽ڣڵ飬Ǵ飬ȥơ
ӿȫ϶飬ϸ΢ըѪҲ顣
̤ʥ֮ʵȫԶԸκʥɿֲΪʥɣҲ֮ǰǰǱ
֮У治ûʹ໲ҽУ΢ЦţѾѪ״̬
һ׽ϴ
֮ǰʩչϵһ㣬׵һŭһڽû
ž
һ顢ϴ裡
һﵽųɣϣһطˡ
ֻһָо·ѾˣоҲ޷ӦһϢһж޹ء
Ҳסһ׻Ҳһ״̬ƽҲ顢ɢ
ֱϵʧٽһȻʼ˺˸Ӧ
ڿʼӽʥͻ𣿡
ɽǳɹˣ
Ͷѹȣһ̹âůʱʼ
ּ䣬Χһâ
ҩ
һ̴ӽɽʥҩΪӣϴʥ֮ô̤ʥһ̣ҵҵĵ塢ͨԪȵȣճΪʥһ죬ҵһٴγԽ󲿷ˡ
ʥ壬ȻҪҩ
ζʥһ죬ھӵҩ
ʥһҩôݳޣֻдЩϵӣпܻõԴ
̣
⣬ʼճѪԼһɴĻ档
滺һڣиĲҩſڡ
ҩϢ̫رˣҲǵһҩϸϸӦ뱦ҩкβ֮ͬ
ȻζȲһҩ籦ҩھͿʼڻҩӴڣҲֻ͸
̫ӵҩڣ֮ʼʥ֮ʣӿҩͷž
һ֮ͬʱһɹɽâʼԦӿȫÿ䡣
ʱ䣬͸оҩĲ
ҩϢÿ䣬ЩľԼѪ⡢ǳƶûԽ֮ʼÿһ֣ʼܡ
ҩȻֲ˶õҩ˾ñϧֻһꡭҲ벻ҩԱȱҩʮ
ҩѾǳˣ״̬Ƿһ걦ҩҲԶԽɽʥ޴
ܶ־磬ɱҩϴ衢ͲˣҲһŵӲܵĴ
ҩϴڽɾ磬ɽ磬ҲҲҩһӽС

̣
桢ٻ𡢻ҩӿһɻ棬ֻڷգӽʥ֮塣


1795 ʥ
ܿһЩɱ䡢⻹ͨɾ
ӿ֮ٴýٶһһôԴ߷ҩںϣϾ֮Լ޷ԦҩҲֻǿԿһ
̫ˣۿһһѪ⣬Լ
𵤡
Ҳоһطоڱ
Ƿ˲󣬴ʱѲʲô̫ޣΨһֻнע
һ֮תǾƵ۲ˡ
ƽ𵤿ҪƵģ澹Ȼӽһش
򡢷࣡
ǻشǽһ̣Ѫɫࡢ֮ڽγɵĻʱա
ӽ֮УͻѪԼۣڷա
Ž𵤾У滹ʱʱһӰӡ
Ӧþɫ飬оɱࣿһ̽ʥҵ򡢷಻ΪѪɫࡢӦûںϣΪһոµķ࣡
࣡
֮ǰҲʩչһˡ
Сǧʱ֪ӦԼҲ޷Ԧ
ףϸӦɡѪ߳ͳɹԼǧʱȻɹʮɴ־˯
Ҳˣǰ޷ãεõУõѪɫںϣѾʩչ
ھƽڽʥ塭
ȥ죬֮֮塣
Լ粻һ翴ڽٻ֮С
ǴڲƽĻ棬ռһС
״̬ȥЩĿġ
Ϊڽ֮УҲҪһΣѪ⡢Ѫ֮У桢İһ̣Եء
ۿһ״̬ѪʼܣȻѪȣȴ
ҩںϣֻں֮һʱҵѾһ룬ɹ̤ʥҩʣһ
Ϸҩ·ڻ绯Ϊһ˿˿ɫȥÿ䡣
Ҳƶ
һ£
һΣɽ١ʱ
ʱɢȥƤ͸һââѪâƤɫ
ĳڽʯڻɣƮݣһ˫۾Ҳǳ֮ɣޱȡ
̥ǣһ̣Ѿʥ
ʥһ죡
ҩʣ֮һͻƣû뵽֮ǰõĵطھ̥Ԫʯδϴ£Ҳҵ
ǵ̥ԪʯǿǿУ֮ɵĴڡ
ӵвٴɾǴӴʬɶе̥Ԫʯһݹ͡
ӴԺڳΪһʥ֮ҿ˭ܲͷϣ񣡡
һΣٿգٳʧ
ϲ˽ʥͨɿ桢ţֵһʱΧ
ŽʥˣҪһУҩ԰Ǹǿ󣡡
̳޲֮˶ڷ̳֮
ȻɴɾʬֻʣһɾҲ㹻ﵽʥһʵ
һ̣صʥ壬εȲ
ǿһÿһŰƽѪ켸âÿһȷѪɣӲ䣬ϿռҲʮؿռ󷨸Ϊ嫣ؿռ̲ظ
һͨԪͷִһЩĵ³ֲֻ棬Ҳ̽ƶɡ
˿̿ȫɫ԰ɫΪĤѪҲиవɫ
زһѪ֮Уʮͷ𻢡ݷţѪգ𻢡ɫҲŰɫ
˲ؿռ䣬ռ侫ҲŰɫâٿ𵤣ڲһִƵۣڸ濴Ǵռ䡣
⴦ռڽʱ濴ռ䣬θһһ
ʥ
Ϊһ̬뵱ˡ
֮ӵеطھ̥Ԫʯľ
״̬֮У߲Ԫ컯ȵȹ޵õĵ
߲Ԫ۸࣬Ϊۣÿһ߲Ԫۣ߷֮󣬿ɴڱױȵ߲Ԫ
̤ʥ֮ڿʩչ߲ԪΪʥͨ棬ǹѧһո¸߷壬̤ʥǿʼҪֹԼںһʵʥ߶ȣ
֮󣬴߶öɲΪһƬѪ


1796 ɱ
žž
öɲ߶֮ѪܿͻΪѪ״̬
ף
֮ǰʮͻʥöɲѾܴﵽס
ĴѪʼᣬֱںϷ汾ҩҲ־
ಣ
һѪʼںɽ
ʶѪͬںɽϸϸڱְһЩ壬滹кһ⼣ˣɽ͸ɫ
ɽ̫ˣ̤ʥϴ裬Ȼһ⼣ʥ޷ںɽ
Ѫʼһδγԣþûգʥһʵںϣ޷ɽ
ãһˣ
ӡ
ıǴţһɽ磬ˣͥǿ뾡취Ҫõɼⱦȷǲģ
ӡ߳
עʥһû뵽ϷЩʱաǳʵһЩӡɡ
ʥΪ߶ںӡ
˱ܵ谡

עʥӡںϣںãӡֻ漫پ
վ֮󣬴ӡϣҲͷų緢˿濪ʼ΢΢ںϡ
ӡ΢ϢͻȻ䣬оΧյ֮УิϢٿһ㣬Ҳɺ
ӡòյ֮УơԸյظϢ̫ȷ֮ǰҲںϵطھֱҲ̲شյ֮УͷŴյϢ
ԺҪҸطԣ֮Ϊ޷ʩչӡڿһ˿˿ںϣ
Ϊʥ޷ںɽӡ
ʧҲǴ֮ǰãϾò׳ΪһʥǻصɹҲһϵ̵ӵĴڡ
ȥɽ硢κʥ
ӵʥʵȻ޷ںɽӡĴɲһ㡣
һ꣬Ѿʬȫɡ
Ȼ뵽ʲôͨͷһϴõٻʽױԼһÿ˶вûУ
лˣ
˵ҪԣԶÿ˶вͨʩչʥ׷
ɿҲõƬǹϴıûзͨûȴӵбԭʼķƻ
ͨܿҲͻˣ̤ʥ죬ҿӣܿ컹ͻһ硣
ҩҩԼ֮ǰʬ徫ɿʵָͨ¡
桢ţʵλʥͨɿСһЩ
ʵ棬ʥһΪƱʵ۷壬ܴﵽʥ£ʵСֻķݡ
طҪжʵɲǵĲÿȫۺ
꣡
һѪ߲Ԫȫ¶߲׹ⱼߡ
ϵ̫ˣԼҲоֲ߲Ԫڲͬĳڽɾ綼ʩչ
ΪʥͿͨͨʩչ߲Ԫ
ǧʱҲ汾֮Уһ̣鿴ͨԪҪʯס
ʯȻƯ󣬴߶ںϣҲû˿ӦҲ֪Ǻεȱ
ͥʯҲɽһǣںҲˣϧֻںһ֣
гһʯƴС
Ʒ֮żõģţҲһͥ
ɿ˵ƾһɽһǣԺԺããʱ֮Уҵż
һֱںԭҲֻܷڽ֮Уȫںϡ
öɲ״̬£о̫ˡ
ӡ
оˣʬһգҩҲҪɣʵѾʥһ״̬
һ̣ʼͨ
ʩչѪ֮лû֮󣬿˫ƣϷֶһЩâ
̤ʥӡΪԵ
Ѫ
һ˫ֱһһڣӿ㣬ںϻΪһаͨ
ֻͨ߶󣬿ɱСˣɸ
ǷʩչѪں֮󣬲ɣƻҲǾ˵ģ
ѪģǺΪУǺڰ֮ʩչġ
ѪѪлӡ־ŹȻϴڣѪ
ںˣ
󲿷ֹҲ࣡
Ѫδ
ʩչѪͻʼգڱڡ

֪
Ѫã˲ͻȻһƣһâֻоѪڷա


1797 ̫֮
գ۾öɲΧһâ
ɫɣҲ汣룬߶ȻڣҲᡣ
澪ţѪ߶࣡
ɣѾӵ࣬Ƿ࣬߶ֻҪڴ߶ѪѪͻᱬ״̬֣㱣У
࣬Ƿ࣡ʵһ̣뵽࣬ǲ϶Ϊڽɾ죬õɫѾӵ
̤ʥֲ֮ڣ߶ѪԼѪ˲仯Ϊһ಻ͨҲһ־츳ˡ
ϧȵõ࣬ǵʬ壬һһӵ࣬ͻ໹δɣҪ˵꣬Ķȥ
࣬ӴֶһŴͨҾͽڲںϣϵѪɫ࣬ҵķɱɺε״̬
Ѫ
ĬĬֹȥʱ⣬ΪԽﵽʥһ״̬ûдʬ塢ҩȻʵ̫ˡ
ˣ
һɿ󣬺߾һ˵̫٣Ȼ޷ʵһ棬Ҿ̫Ѿ̫ԣ
˶Ҷģڲ𣿡
ˣ֮ǰҸ˵Խ𣿡
Ҽǵˣ˵ɣǿˣҪ̫֮ǳ֮֮
ԣ̫֮ǳ֮֮ǳԽĴڣֻ̤ɣſԴ߶𵤣ȥȻ֮⣬ϡ١صԣ˵ʥɲֶΣ

ģ߶ڽ𵤣Ӧ͸ȥܸӦԽĴڣǾ
ɿһ
濪ʼʩչ𵤣ͶųȥȻý𵤿ʼͷžԼӦ͸ȥ
ǸϢԼҰ׳һЩԼϤ
ʲôûģͷԼǿ򡢸Ӧ
Ȼ䣡
֮ͬУôһ˿˿Ư΢΢
ݣ
þǵϢץʱоϢ䡢оԪڲв
ɿϲߺˣ̫֮ϲˣѾԽʥɲ漣
̫֮
ѵ̫֮Ϊ䣿ô˼Ŵ֮иӦϢȫͬ
֮Уݡֲʯɽ塢ڣ˸оǳһڣޱ泩
̫֮ͬһҲȻǿϢ
֪ǿ֮ǶôŰɣΪ̫֮ʱ֮⣬Խ磬綼ǱģϢȻҲͷǳ䣬̫֮Ϊ߼ʺɿΪ͵
ôһ˿˿̫֮Ҫնã
ˣ̫֮ϡ٣Ϊ̫̤ɣԼ߾磬Ӧ̫֮֮ǳ֮͸Ϊ磬ֻǲſʼӴ̫֮
ԭˣ
̫֮֮Լǳ̤֮ɣԽ𵤲յ֮ʴѳԽˣո̤ʥ˿ɱöԺȻףҼЩϾͷҲǵȴ֮󣬲ǳ֮

̫֮ð취ҲŰ취ǽ𵤴ͷųýȥ֮Ϊʱ̫֮ܵǹɺش
ýͷַʽǺãڽɶδй̤ʥҲЩϰߣܾýһ뿪һΣոУֻҪ͵Ϯܻ𵤣ٱ
ֻһ취ǷȥҪƸȽ̫֮룬÷̫֮
鷳̫鷳ˣҾֱ̫֮Ҳ̫֮жô£
ˣһģӲ㿴Ǽʵɣɶ޷Ӧ֮֮Ĳ
һȥ̫֮
ɿ󵱳ˣŲĿ⡣
ɲ£Ѿոǿƶһһ߶С̫֮ؿ˫֮С
̫֮ɫ˫ѾоЩľֲ̫ӡʼ̫֮
֮Ϊ˿ߣӡӡ֮С
֨֨
û뵽ǣ̫֮˫ģһ룬˫ľȻһɫָҲֺܿӺ״̬ʼΪһɫ˿ָ˫ֶס
ɿע⵽һĻĻ˼ȥУˣ̫֮ĿֲҺ㻹ӡʥһ̣˫Ѿ׻Ϊ飬ˣ


1798 ʯ˵
̫֮ڱ˫ڲѪߣںϣ
ֲ̫֮֮һᵽˣΪɿ֮ǰԣΪ¡
ӿ˫֣һ̣ɫϵ˫ڲѪ⡢Ѫ˲䣬̺ѪҲɺ
ɾҲûϽ̫֮ںϣֻ΢΢ʼ̫֮
ЧҲ̫ԣ̫֮߳Ϊ̫࣬ҲѪҲ̺ѪԶԸ̫֮ѪҲֻܱ̫֮ѹƣ
浹һںǿ̫֮һж˵ΪʵǿӵκξҲǲеģ޷ɱǿߣ޷ء
ʵ
磡
ҪַѪ£ڿס̫֮˫ֿʼڻ
ָȻ֮ӡʼʽһ˿˿̫֮Ȼ˫ָֱЩҲв̫֮ʼᣬҺѪҲͬʱڻ̫֮ղ̫֮޷ᾭѪ⣬һ
ãоԼûһ¶ȡ
ָо£ַΪֻ̫֮ʮһ֣תٶȣֱҪ첻١
𵤹Ȼ̫֮ʡġ
ѪҲ̫֮ܿ󲿷ֺǱˡ
̫֮Ҳ̺˺ܾúһ㱻ȫøΪһЩ
̫֮ϼƵģ̫֮Խԭޡ翣
꣡
Զֱһɽ
ԭͨͻˣʥͻƾ죬Ӧҩɱ䣬ʥһ硣
һͨõҩҩͻʥ۷壬һͻƴɣͨܳΪɣôһˣԺɱɡ
ҪʥͻƴɣҪԴ࣬ɱҩҲڶʱͻơ
ٵõҩֱͨʱͻƴɡ
Ҳڲʵ
ȫͷظӦϢ֮Ѱ֮һ˿˿
ɼҪ֮ѡ
ʵ̫֮֮ǿԼ̫֮ϴϰӦ֮󣬲ſʼ
̫֮֮ӿȻ徭Ѫ⡢
֮ʲô³
ɲ廵ǰ򵥣ǾѪ⡢ɺ⣬˱̫֮ɱʴ̫֮ҪʮСġ
̫֮޷ʱӦʩչöɲ̫֮ںϡ
һӡǣһɫâ֯ΪһͻѪѪҲΪͻ״̬һȫ⴩
Ȼʶսǰ޵࣬ǲӵη
ҡͷżȻ޵࣬ζʩչΪû幦ֻ࣬޷÷ʩչֻԺȥѰ幦ſ÷ʩչͨ
ԭӵֻ࣬һʼ
ܹͨ뿪ɽȣַҪȥ
ˣǰպӥɽǴɴȥҲ
󣬾յػаͨȴ棬󷽶ʮȥһεӥɽ
ȥҲɡ񡢳Ҳ˳÷ȡһЩ߼鵤
ӥɽ
ȥ￴
ӥɽû뵽ȻǧˣҴ󲿷ֻɽˡ
ôҷֿжȡ鵤ԼȥˣҲͨ⼸ʲô󶯾
ʹͨòϢǸյصϢҲкڰǿû
һҲ˷Ϣ涼Ϊ֮һ
һ󣬻ڽȥϧû˵óֻ֪յÿط
й󣬶ضԲʲô󣬿һʯǿʯŴ
˶̸ǴʲôŶУ˵λãϧûȥš
治̫ðǳʯּꤵĸо
氵㣺һʯ˭ܵõʯǾܵõͨɣǼ֮ʵ֣
ͨó佻棺ˣʽ׷Щ̻ˣƷƷ鵤㹻һһϢͥͥˣҷҲкܶ˽ȥ
ͥ
ͥ
Ĵڣһɿйһ壬ҲСй
ȣ֮ǰ˵Ǹ޽ɣĪǻиߣ
ϢôƸͨŲˣ


1799 ټ
һʱ桢ͨٴ⡣
ΧǻҰһأɫɫʯҽյء
̤Ұ磬һЩڸϢоһ˿߶ԼӦ
ڲ٣ɫʯɣΪܸӦ̫֮أҲûһ˿˿̫֮
ؾһ󣬽ռȫ룬ڲ޷Ӧʱ鵤ʯ
˵ڶνأʵ̤ʥյر֮ǰӦԵɡٶȵͿշС
Ӥ
ȥʮɫֺֲҲʯһЩͻȻӻ
ͨţ¶ɵ֮ɫ
ֲŵõܣԭһЩҰʯ˹ڣһӤǴ׷ɱˣڹӤУܿͱʮӤΧס˺һضǣҲ¸֮й
ӤȻͨ綯һ࣬ٶȾˣǾ綾̫ǴմȾ綾Ϣ֮Ҳɥʧ
桢ͨһӣǧӤķ׷ɱȥûйӤ˼
ɽΪˣɽʮͣͣȥ꣬յزյΪֲʯκεطƯţֻܿڣԽֻøӦ
һ죬һʯڣͣ΢΢Ϣš
ͨһŶʧˣӦûаǾյأҲǧϧûκιż¼

ǿ飬ʯõʯõõ
滺ɣ޷һ˿ʯ磺ҵãҲǾȥѰܵõһ㲻ͻƴɣʵҲ
εԵˡ
Ƚ걦ҩڣΣԤϣֽ֮ǰõʮ걦ҩʣµģһͨ
ôһ걦ҩҲɵͬݡ
Ϣֳˣ²մյأһ̣桢ͨһûһ˿Ƿյ硣
ڣǰǴʯң涼ǰ͹ƽ棬ɽɽҲֲָ̬ͬɫҲͬʯңȻ΢΢ϡһЩۿԿ⻷
ԣûи̫ͬȻûʱʱܿһЩ׹ǣǣԽǵڲԽܿһЩ͸ɫʵֲּһЩȻɭ֡
һ·оأȻ֮С
ͨɾˣز˼飬ڲȻɭ֣ΪûϢ˰Ȼ
ҲɽϾص̫֮ˣûɭյɭ֮УҲ˴ź滺ɭ֡

ɭֻ
ڵ漸ɸ߲ɽգǸӦΧǿߡͬʱһƿš
˲̧ͷһһɫâɭգһɫͬĢ״Ľâ
â֮ǰõâࡣ

˲Լͬ𺳾
ಣ
̫ˣո̤յأ
˼ӿٶȣҲģΧյؿռ䣬ǿƿصǿ֮УһԺѣҪգȻҪ˴ۡ
ּٶȺȻɣҲһĨҲٷɭ֡
֣
âգΧðյǿߣܸӦâ˶Ź˾ѻᡣ
Ǽ̤ɭ֣濴κһŴǳϣҲ֪ȹٴֱһ֮ϣеĴǧףе֮ϡ
һЩһЩӣܾԶҲЩ͸΢΢ζ
ƴ̫ãǿʢһЩǿȻ취ϾҺ
ЩϰٸӣеĶܾˣеķǳ¡
ͨȻʧֳԾˣܸӦ⣬ϰٵϢϢҿ֮Ҳ죬ƺܶ˿ʼһ
ȥ
ӿٶȴﵽɵز
ԼʮϢֺһһâҫţһ޴ɫſ˯
ڴϰɱΧҲϰ˲δ֣Զ֣ʵ̫ǿ
桢֮ͨ⣬һŴȥȻʲôɼôɼǿɱͨҲǴͷƤҪı
ΧЩˣΪʥû뵽нɣЩ𵤶ǸһЩʥߡ

Χ˲ߺ
桢ͨȥâ֮УͻȻһЩӤһЩЩɲѪ


1800 ²
˹Ӥ⣬һСɽĹƶСɽâͻȻ֡
һʯִ
ʯָʮɣɫϷֲʯۼף֮ȫչһҫۡ
ͻȻɱö˺ˣʥʼ룬ЩȻȥӤԽԽ࣬ǳʯҲͷǱ۰һӳʥ۷巨档
ɳлʽ׷ǻʽ׷ʯ֣Ҳʯжˡ
̫ˣ
ϧˣû뵽֡ʯ塯ʯֺᶼˣ
ʯ壡
һȻ桢ͨഫ
˲ͷһƳһ꣬ҲͶʮ£忴ȥԴꡣ
˻ۼ΢΢ƣЩ¾ɣϿκδݵƷֻǴ˲ϵһ׹ĳֶ׹׹ȸĴ󣬲СȭͷСԲΣʯһɫ
ˣòƴֻһʥϻнϢϢͨ˵
ҡҡͷˣ˲ò࣬ͨʥһ˸ͨʥҲΧʥʼߣ˵
û뵽Ҳڴˣ˲ע⣬һƮ󷽱ȭ³²ڣϢ
棡
ͨ
һԣҽܣǶҲȻԼ
λҲ
²ζ˵䣺ҲõϧλֵһΪ̫ԸЩˣǼǴɣ۷Ĵڣǻʯ壬
ʯ壿濴
ʯϹ֮УǳǿĴڣܶ඼ɱΪʯӵзǳϧĻʯ飬԰󷨣Ҳ԰ϵͨϹʱ⵽ɱűϧ൱У
ԭˣ
ǳʯҲܵ
Ҿû뿪ΪЩӤ綾ѶԸǻʯ֣ɱسħģʵûЩҲԵõأﶼǱصģڹԣǵģҲڸǿУ
Щģ
ߣ˭᲻ģʯʵ̫ǿˣԽ˽ɣһƽ飡
²ڸֶ˵Ļʯֲֺܿȴһ˿ԻʯֵĿ־塣
һ΢΢һůȭлѣ뿪ǶԵģȻûе֣װˡСֵ̫ã
ˣ㿴
ͨͻȻ˫ͫŴ
桢²üһɫһ㣬˲佫һͷʯֲס
໣
ƺͻȻɱİɫޱһ㣬ûʯ˲췢ŭҽС
ಣ
ͻȻʮˡ
Щ˴඼ᣬҲˣǴͷ߾ˣҲκδݵƷֻЩһ£ˣץһɫ
˲佫ǻʯֲסʵҲֲ̫ЩʯʵԽɣʱ
ǵģȥһӣŹӣ߸𣬵նɱЩɰԵХ
ǿƣ
ֻֻмѡ뿪вִɣԸȥȡ
Щˣȫ
ֻǼˣһȭͷСʯסզࣺЩ˺ʯǳԽɵĴڣȴһ۵
ͻȻ²ڣҲ֪ҳ²ҲעЩˣ֪ķǿƣ
Ϣպÿƻʯϻɷ΢΢ջʯǹ
Щһ£¼Ϊһ£ټɽ绹ǲ̫ģּǿƣһǶ
žͥⷽټɽ磬Զĵطһɽ磬̫ɽ磬һⷽɽ磬ǿٵʱա
̫ɽ֮Ϊ̫ҿЩʿӦö̫ǿߣ̫רһţɽΪǿ֮һ֮Ϊ̫𣡡
Щǿץʯ֣ƾõʯڻ飬̫𣬻ץΪܣҲֻϵǿߣ׿ƻʯһɷһͨǷͱǻʯһɷմ
û˿ԥ²ھͷ·Щǿ
̫
̫ɽ磡
ԣӣҲ벻һɽ硣
ˣ̫ɽǿ컯ɽĴڣǿǵɽ磬Ϊǿɽ֮һ
ɿڴҲž
˲컯ɽ磬컯ɽʲôǿɽ֮УԾ·Ĵڡ
ҲǴӸֹżģϾûȥ̫ɽ磬ǰλȥ̫ɽǴɣҲҪܴͥȥԽɵľͷֻҪʮ꣬￿룬Ȼ


1801 ̫
̫Ĵɣ
Ȼˣ̫ȥǱκΪϱĴڣ̫Ҳܶͥɽ硢۹ȥ̫򷨱ﲻ𣬾ڣҲͥ׷ɱǵ̫Ǿɽ磬׷ɱ
£
ɿȽϣ֪̫֮
䣡
䣡
һذıըǰȻ
ֻо඼飬ȥǻҫ֮УȻǱסʯ֣ҧϣ֮ըΧʮɱɣ
󡢴ɶˣͨڻһͨľͷһĻ
һ̣Ҳ׳²֮ǰǷҲԴ˸Ϊ߿һۣ˼ҵȷǺȥ
ʱ򣬳²Ҳǰ濴Щ̫ǿߣʯΧס
Ҳ뿴ֶΡ
̫ǿ߶ûжʯֳ֣˶ȥɱ֮Уȥˡ
ʣˣȡȴһ㣬ʯ֣һֻ뽫ѹȻԽȥΪɽ齫Ҫԣɱһ飡

ǻʯ죬ȻҽһյҺ塣
Һʥ׷Ҳ˲䱻ڻɣ
Ȼˣ˿»Һ幥ƣֻһץҲ֪ҺץȥƾվͲˡ
ŰָһһȦӣһӻʯϷȥ
飡
ʯһƣһȦӡ
ΪԽȦӴ飬ˣһȭлȦӣֻǽȦ𿪣δ顣
ȦӼѹƶȥȻʯˡ
ಣ
һ̣ʮˣͷžħһֺɳâ
ͨȵˣħǿߣǸͷߣһѪף֮ǰ
ȷħǿߣǸѪߡһħţˣħҲɱˡ
û뵽ħǿɱһ꣬ǰħˣǰѰ·ǲɱ䣬ٹ
ħһһӣѪ߻ɳʲôˣëͷСӣ֪ħţͥǿħǵ̣
ħŶ̫кϷˣֻͨĦȭƣһ̵ģ
ħţһħҲ棿ħŵĲмǸ΢΢ҡͷΪĮӡ
Сħţ֪ħȺˣͥúãҾ֪ǵòһҪɱ
ǸӾȻһӰ͵شռɱȥһ״ӡ

Ǹü֮УȻһ硣
˲дӡ״͸ӡǸ񣬲̫еħϡ
¡
ħӡ飬ǸħŸ֣ҲûˣΪһˡ
䣡
һԶʯ־ȻһȦӣǳͨȦӣһס
Ȼ޷Ҳ޷жʵʵ˸ڼϢѹ
ɱɱħǿߣ
ҲͼϢǸɱħǿߣѾճΪá
ʮħǿһĻŭʨɾҪɱȥһ̣ǸѪס
Ǹ꣬˻Ƶĺȵ־ͱɽתˮת꣡
һССħţҲҵǰ꣬ĮȻתȥħǿߡ
úãߣ
ѪǽƻԷöԸǸӲ磬ħſвˣ͵һʱȥ
ħųưͿģͥҲ˰ɣ
̫һ̿ʼԶǡ
ҲǸɱħһǿߵİ꣬ҲǸˡ
濴²ڣ֣߰ɣ˼ҶȡͷζҲմȾ鷳
Ҫȥкδ㣿˺һЩֺ֮У²ھʡ
Ҫȥյأ
طͬ죬ֵĪһֱΪħŵĻͲǶ֣̫ˣ¸ɫɫﶼ֣زȥǰ򵥣
Ҷ˼ұˣľһ죬ľһ£αηηһӣһһʯ泤Ųԡ
úãȻֵ˰ԣҲ޻˵ʯˣֺöǲһ·ȥ󿴿ֵܾÿɺã
Уһ·Ȼã
ߣ
һļϣ֮ǰʧȥһĻҲ֮ȥ
С뿪Ƭɭֻ֣Ǹոշɳֺħŵˣһ¾ۼƲ֣ƻȥָ̫ӻ


1802 ͥǿ
̫εȴڣħЩǿߣһʵҲǳͥǿߡ
ͥΣ
һͥȷ̣̫ɽˣϴĴڣҪǿħŶٱ
һ뿪ɭ֣֮УȻһ߲ʧλĴ
Щʯңʱʱ̸̿ţΧϱã֮֮УûһͼѰҳꡣ
ãֻѰһɽϢ
ãʧûҲ޷Ӧһ˿˿̫֮ȥؿռ䣬òʵ
ֻںϷͨȭͫ
Ҳ²ϵرδʹڳ²ڵĹȥֻ֪ͥⷽʿʥΪɽͥҲǲס
ʥǿߣκɽ綼Ǹɻ̫Զ
ˡ
ۿϢ죬Ҫ׼뿪ȥѰ
²ȴʲôڵһʱ档
ͨͷŸӦȷ쳣ϢֹͣкһϰϢķɽΧ

һϷգ˲ɽ֮Ϣˡ
̫ǿ󡢿£֮κϢ޷ӹӦ
ˣӼȺŭ𣺡ٹ￪ʼұأ̤һͷأ
ţ
ʲôԷ˶ڣΪ
˸ոշɳǧףɽ֮Уһʿ֮ࡣ
ˣ̫Ϥˣ
ɿ˵Զͥ
ԶͥҲǳԾԶͥɿǷͥ
Ƕͥһλڲ࣬ڡʹ֮£
Ϊʹ
ǶͥһʹͥһǷͥһ
֮ǰԶʹһǵƸڷ磬ʵ
ƸֻǷͨһ߰ˣССһͼɣͬԶʹһͨϧʧˣһ½磬ô׵õӡ
ʹ
ȥȻòùӳԣҲֶΣ½磬ھܶ½ԴԼһЩץͯͯŮֻҪЩضͥ׸ʹͨϵܸǣʹһĴѰ䣬ӡغ̫ˣ
һƸңǳ֣Ҳܻɱǣ
ͥ
̫ˣȻЩǿߡ
ˣֻбŵǿߣҸо֮УԶͥ˷ǿߣⷽѰɿںϣӦϢ
һֱⷽɽ磬моһΪʡ²ҲΪ֮̾ϢΪӦҲӦΧǿݷ
Ҳ֪ͥǸʲôˣСǵ£ķƬɽȡ
ͥͥͥҶ֪Ŀǰֻ֮ͥǰҾѰҹϣ֪ЩͥЩʾǶͥʹһ֮ͥǸţ˷ɽ磬˶֪︩£ߣ
ֻҪŬһҲܳΪǵʱ򶫻ʣԼЩͷͲٸ߸ϣ
²ȫ̬˵仰²ͻȻһĴָ
ɳɽȣԶʯҰշȥ
ҲڴʱӺƬɽ֮Уɳֻһ˷׷
ã鷳ˡͨоϢɵȫһ䡣
ԷǸħǿߣ׷ʮа˾ҪԸǣ²Ҳ鲻ԡ
ٶֲֺ֮УͿշС
ħϢٶԽԽ죬ɴﵽɣﵽ۷ٶȣԼʮϢ׷ϼˡ
һߣס󲿷ݣҲܿſֲѪƣϿɼһЩѪã߾һƬѪ׷ɱ
ˣǶͥѪħš֣
Уɿ桢ţʶһֱںϣԸӦϢҲôӦΧκζ
һͱʿһָӦв
ɿȻϳߣѪħǶͥħһʵħһѪħħħһֱϵѪħҲΪϣɹ̫࣬һײޱȣڶͥ˾µĴڣǶʹѹţѪħŹڶͥѪȷ磡
ͨҲһ࣬ɪɪ̾ϢԷΪӦһλƴɣǿԶԸ
֣׼һսϣҲɱȻԷǿֻ²ڡͨ׼Ѫս
˻Ǻǣͥ䣬ܻ棬ҪԸЩǾͳΪҵⶦɣѪħһ˫۾Ѫת


1803 
ɱ
Ѫħٶһ˲׷˺Ϸ
һħɷ֮ˮ˵һץǽһӡӡǶ˺֡
ͨӡɱԾƿٶѹʱŵò԰ףⲻһɣǳԽɵĴڡ
ɲǶͥ
ת׼ʩչƷ
û뵽Χ֮Уһ֡
Ȼñûз֣ѪħߣΪ֮һæѹסƣΧ
ಣ
һȻأԾٶѪħߺ󷽡
һ֣˿ǺˣΪħǿߣǡ
һʮͷɢڼͷˣƤ΢΢ƣ·紵ɹⷽյ֮С
ᣬɴӷɫơٶһֲĴڡ

ħǿ߲ȥںˣ
˫ۺݺݵһϣҪնɱ˵ħӡץ󷽣˲Ǻɱȥ
̫ݵֶΣ˵ɱɱ
ͥѪħǿߣΪҲϧԽɣﵽ񾳽磬ٿͥ治öԸ㣬ڵ㣬ǰϣ
ͻȻĳһˮһ⡣
ħӡǰֻͣ΢΢ǿֲѹħӡͽһħӡ顣
ۣ
Ѫħħӡ飬ɲѪ
һһͨ桢²ڶĿһĻܶǰͷǰǶһܻᱻһɱ
ͥɱˣǶͥͥ
ž
ɱ˵һ䣬ͼѪħٴѪ
һħ飬̧ͷͼͷѹ㡢ǿߣø󣬾ΪȡΪأĲɣ
أͼ죬ھ⵽ɱЩ޹ˣѵ㣿룡

ʩչӥצһץͽѪħġ
߱˲䣬ߺں֣֮
룡국ۣħ߶ˡ
룡
붸ȻˣԼģ˷ɽ綼ˣǿɲںͥЩͨˣʶȤ뿪յأװЩУ
ǸϽߣѪħǿ߻ʮϢ֮תһ仰ʧȥ
󡭡롭
һ䣬Ͻͨ²Զ
Ѫħ̫£жͥˣһǺɫǣ³Ԥϡ
һ룬԰ǻΪѡ
벻ǿߣάһ
룡
ͻȻ֣Ȼȥƺδֹ
ȴӡ࿴ʿͬ
䡭
Լɳʮأʮ㰲ȫκǿ߸Ӧ޷ʮﶼС
˸ոһƬʯ֣ûɣͻȻһ֮Ӹ߿ը졣
һ˶סˡ
ּ߲׹⣬ҪͷյػǾʯңʯҰճִâҲ߲׹յʯҿʼ˲ûйɣҡ·ڡ
ǰһټ˻ܿɽ塢ʯ֣Ϊ߲׹ʯҷڣͻȻΧܿĳ˲䱻ʯûʲôҲֻ֮ܿʯΧİ
յҲһӳΪʯ磬Ҳʲôɫ
ͨſ־壬̾ϢΪҵꣿ巽ˣ̫Ī⣬Щʯûյأڱ仯֮ǰǻܷΧ﷽λʯûӦֻܸһֻԼű֮ǰסķλ
ҲǺþãûл֪Ϊô꣬ǿߡأûһ˿ŪܣʯͻȻ仯͵һĪ⣬ûÿ䣬˸޷Ӧֱ淽λ
Թߴһֱټɽ֮Уδ˷ܣȻӸղǲ߲׹춯֮еȷʱʱ̿ĳͷţ֧иϢЩʯҷ仯ûϤһ÷ɳĮ֮С²Ҳ̾ϢһΪ侲
ƴɽӦüյ춯
ֻصʯϢ߲׹ʧȥյָֻ侲
߲׹Ϣ߲Ԫƣɽ磬Ǳ߲Ԫϴ裬ɱΪɣҲĳֻԵ
Ժ߲Ԫ֮ȥעҲ˲ؽ֮Уɼ߲׹ۣýʱʱ̴̿
󣬸ָ˾ʹʯ뿪
֮ǰ䣬Сǰʮ֮󣬾ٶʧ޷ȥѰ
ûа취ֻͷӬ
õͿ߶ͨʥɽĲ࣬Ѱ֮УոԽһɽͷȻɽǷ֮Уؿʼ


1804 Ƥ޴
ˣ
ĳһһƾƿ£񷣬ͻȻƺʯҶ
һ˫ѪɫϷˡ
꣡
һ̣һ޴
°ǻɫƤëһӵǿ׳˫ȣצӣצӲڷʯϣܽʯ˲顣
޴ԼɶߣϰƤëһǰҲ֪ʲôĹͷһɳȭͷִһȦƤ޴·Ƶģڵˡ
ܴӹǰϿѺۣͷƤ޴֪ǿս
䣡
Ƥ΢΢£ͻȻһɫСɽӺ·ˡ
˴ԼʮɵͿ·ȴը죬̵˶Ĥһʱ䶼𵴡

ͨ͵ػͷһƳѾ벻ɡ
²ͻȻǰһͷһԪʮֱһѸ
䣡
˲䣬Ϊ²ڷӦʱ桢ͨ˲䣬Ҽ
Ԫ飬²Ҳ֮𿪣·¶ͷƤ޴ӶǰѪͫѪһĻ
ǰ֣㵱ĵ㣡ͨץͨͷŻʽ׷һɽ
ѡ񷨱ɽΪգܵһʱ߶ǿ߽֡
һΪħͨ˿Ҳɱɽһͷȥ
ڴ߶ƸһƷƣ²ڼ֣ղǹײҲԳܣ
ಣ
²һˡ
˵ȷֵղŴ͵ϮǶûзӦ֣˲ûԥɱǱȻˣ
²棬ֶԳ²࿴

˲Ϣ·һײ
˵ͷһͨɱʽɽƤҩǰɱһһ潻ˣû뵽ӦʱѸͣùǰסɽǹǰȻϻʽ׷ûбն
ü̵Ĺǰ
ƤЦͨǼˣһǳζ֪ΪΣϢŵƵġ
ҪԵǣٽһӰһǰ棬ͨһҼ硣
û뵽ƤҼȻӿһʽɽնֻǽչָˣƤƤ⻹һ߾롣
һĻ㶵ĵͨʥ죬ʵҲдһ£ϻʽɽȻ˲޷
²ڵֵܣͷɲ򵥣ޱߣʵԽʥɣΪǵ֣߲ϲߣ
á
һ̣洫ͨ
ͨθƻˣըһѪ
ѪҲǶһ޶ģΪѪʮһֹƶ
ɴ綾綾˵ȥֻҪȥ־綾ϵѪ¶һ޶ġ
ͨɱһƬȻһڻƤͷ޷Ѫ͵Ϯ˳ǴûҪġ
̣
ѪڴЧ˲ˣƤëѪɣðһ̡
ಣ
ͨҲڴʱһ桢²
Ѫ̫ͼҲ˵Ƥëɶ࣬þûгԹˣ
Ƥڿն𣬾ȻڵͿտ񱼣ٶٶ΢΢һЩ
츳գܵͿձܣĲ࣬չֳ
󣬻Ƥڽһ׷˲ţʱѾʮյǷֲ巽򣬹ҲѾ֪ӣɭ˾ɭ֣ɽȺɽܻƤ׷ɱ
ͨŷɽݺݶź󷽣ģˣȥĺֲܿƴˣնɱǻǿ󣡡
²ҡҡͷĪʵԽ̫࣬淢һҲӲˣ
ಣ
ˣ
һʮˣǰҲСŷɽǰУʯ֮ı
֪ͻȻˣûӦͼһĴڵͿտ񱼣ŵЩˣһͷߣޱǱ
ϧƤֻһ˼ԸˣЩ˲ȤϢȤ׷˾è׽
ˣǰһƬɭ֡
ƴСʱܣǰʯҺ󷽶ȻһƬֺ
һֺӽȥ˵л˦
ˣǱẉ̂Ī룡ƻţֺ˦û뵽ǰͻȻּӰǼɡ
ţ
סˣͻȻоһĻʶ
ƺ֮ǰĳʱһĻ
ͨͻȻЦ洫ˣǱŰ̫ˣ֮ǰǣǣ⽫Ƥ뱱ţǲ֪
ã֮ǰԶͥѪħǿ߻Ҫɱǣ֣ǿҪԴҲ֪
Ҫֺ˦û룬ͥⲻһ


1805 ʯѨ
ֺûᣬҪײҪ
˿ٳƬɭ֡
ǰӰҲԽʵǼˡ
ǶǴɣӦΪǿУһϢһۣһ˳ЦʥˣֲǴɣ
ڱ˵أɽ磬ҲһץһѣһҲһЦ˵
ҪȻȻʱͥǶͥҲӣĮ˴ڡ
˻Ծٶ˵ĻǻĿŵһơ
ЩڶɱģһͷƣΧֽǰֻܶɱ֣
һ̣壡
ǣ˿šδֹһ
ףЩ֣ͥΪӦûѡͣǴˡ
֮ڣȻٶٴһЩˣһӵͿշɭֱԵش
úã֪λǶҲÿһˣһ֮Ϳˡ
ǸЦҲͷƵ˲䣬һͻȻо󷽳һϢһɭֱơ
ǳֲ
һһת˲䣬һͷ뽣ֵɱ
¡¡
Ƥٶ̫ˣַŭޱȣУûʲôֻͥͥʲôʲôһ
ʴһײųԽֱӽײ飬Ҳɣɵˣ˵ˣóһһ顣
࣬챾һҪʬΣɭֱԵ˲Ϸ
ƤҲͿգͷʮɣ˾һɫɽɭ֮кֱײ
뼸֮ͨöණͥϢ˷ˣˣҲ취ӳȥ
ˣ²ҲҲֺϿա
ݣ
ʮֺߴʮǿߡ
ҲڵڶϢǰָֻʮ⣬ĿǰһٶԶͥǿߡ
Ǵ
Щǿ߻һ֮⣬Ŀǻɫľ
Ǵ𺳣ԥƬ̣뵽֮ǰɱǵˣЩǿ߲ô࣬׷׿ʼɽ
ϢȻûдǷˣ²ںȻ棺֣ͥʮˣ߶ɽɱĿǴԹɱǾлߣ
ã
ȴϢ
ķɽ糤գɱǻɫ
ʱֱըײɫû
Ըоٶһ̣ϢأԵȥ
·ɳһԶҲ󷽴󶯾ͥһأһ췭ظ
֣ҿɫЩ԰ףһǸղųֶԸˣ
ڷɳֺʱûĿ꣬ȥĸ
ʯҵǣ޷ͷŸӦ
ע⵽²Щ쳣æʵ
²ҡҡͷνȷҴˣأڻ⣬˶þָܻ
ˣȥʯң綼һͬʱͨһ˹
ҲͿǻᣬ̫ΣգɽǿߣǸִǶ޷ԸĴڣСΪϣ
һ·ȻǵͿշС
ʯҲ㣬κεطİģżҲܸӦϢ
²ڲɫָȻû̫صˣأҲô챻⡣
ǰ£תתûκջֻһɽȥΧǷ棬ȥɽϢһʱ䡣
ˣ
ۿԽ棬Ƭɽɽǳ׳ﶼۿ
ʱ棬˵ͿСû뵽һ̣ͷŸӦӦΧʱ򣬹ĵ΢΢һɻ档
Ϣƽ޹ʵĳ֡
ͣٴͷŹĵ£һ޵ĵϢͷŸӦͬʱȻǰ
ֵܣз𣿡ͣ¼Ϣ˵²ڹǰ
ǰʲôϢȥʱҲ˵׼ȷһ΢΢ϤϢǰ͸
²Ҳûȥ˴ǧףǰȻһ棬ƺγûжá
ɽγɱ֮УǧµײһѳֵĵѨ̫ԣֻҪϸϸøӦȥܴ͸ǧףǴѨ
Ϣ󣬳²ڴӳޣһϢʯѨ֮дֵܣȻܸӦϢӦж
ͬű棬Сȥ
Ѩʱ˶ʱӦһɹƵʯѨ֮У΢΢͸
ѨǰͨͻȻͷˣϢƺϤĳϢȻУ
̤ʯѨһʯѨ֮ǰӦϷɽ֮£ϧΪĳԭ򣬷ѣΪʯѨ¶
ʯѨ֣Ҳǧ֮£ûӦҲԷʯѨĴڡ


1806 Х
ʯѨڲͨӦòȻγɵģǹ⻬һʯ֮ͨУʯѨɣԼɣ˶˹ġ
䣡
벻ǧף
һɵĺͻȻӵѨ
һ˿ǵΪǶʯѨΧû˿
ͷŸӦӿٶȣֽǧף˸Ӧ֮Уһɲ͸ڴͷһըƣһνһα
ǱըϡܿһԲδʯѨͷǹɱըһδκԲ㡣
²΢΢ؿ桢ͨû뵽ͷһ󷨣ڹǹ֮УӦǵ̥Ԫʯǿϱ⴦ʯѨӦǺǰһǿĵع֮廯Ϊһ˿̥Ԫʯ
ͨ͵֣ϲǰԭǵ̥ԪʯˣֲϤǴȥɽõ̥ԪʯҲںϣ֮ǰйϢԭΪ̥Ԫʯ
̥ԪʯǺöǲ֪ǰ֮Уǿγɶٵ̥Ԫʯˣ
ǹȥԷˣȻ̥Ԫʯǲܾװ׿ţ
һͬ
ܿԽǧףˡ
ݣ
˸պÿһ󷨣ԼʱһӰڲһ
һŮӣ
һŮӣΪü˿͸ʥƺҲʲôɡ
һͨ£ǳǰȻĺ̫֮쵰ʦ̶ɡ
ŮҲȳ⣺뿪ʱȷֵģ⴦ǿ󷨣ڲһжǵģ
ͨڳħǸ컬зݣǲǻδ󷨴飿ô˵ǵģΪΪô۸ˣ
ŮӲδŭɱĮϢںϣħϢӦħʿħŵҪֻܽǣħˣ
ʱվʥϢ¶Էǲ뿪ģΪ󷨶δ򿪣˵ⱦڵŻԵ˵žǣзݣǲװ뿪ģǿһһͬ󷨣汦ƽ֣Ӧе̥Ԫʯô飬Ǽƽ֣һҲԵõ٣
뷨ֵһδ˵ҶԵߣܱǸռˣ²Ҳ̬ȡ
ಣ
ڲǹ𵴣Լʧˡ
һӴڲ̤ն
缲ƲǿңȻʵ
˳ԺվںŮԱߣҲһ¡
ŮòɣӢǱãһ£Ҳ޷סӢ֮
֮ΪҲͲʮͣüǡ͸ǿ֮²ʩչƣҲ޷ӡ
ãŮס
ŮӶӣҲǱ̬ȣ΢΢һʦ֣Щ˲ȰҪȥһӵйڲһб
𣿡
һִˣҿ֮У˶ͥⷽʿʿɱɱˣ֮ǰ˵Եߵ֮УҡХҲ۸ߵˣ
Х
ⷬһ֮ǰһħͷͨһƨˡ
ô֪ʵ
ͨӣЩɵѹߣˣǵɡӥɽû¾ȥԴһ𣬼ܶ൱ͥǿߣԼţǸ֣𣿡
βǵãʱһۣһڸֽ٣ȲԴ緶Īǣһ̣ٴοӣ³ʲô
гХҲţǱĴڣҴѾɹΪһߣԲμ·棬ʱЩ̸۵ţܶ˶۵˵Ĳ
һߣ
ɲһ
·Ŀ꣬Ҫȥ·棬Ҫüսÿһζɵġ
ȻǰӣȻһߣǧ̤컯ɽ磬ȥμ档
ŮӺȻ֮ǰǰĮͨʦ֣޴ʥĴڣ
ʦãһ㣬
ХҲΪԾ벻ͨˣ֪ԼɵᵽҵʦܣרͥȻǼôӦҲ֮ͥУһӣ
ɹӣȻԷţֲ־ͷͷѹˣôˣеȣ
ɹ𣿹ֲãǲڵţ¼ŮҲǺ⡣
еãȻɡ
Х֮ȻҲɹһ˽⣺ɹŮΪ𣿼еӣҲܻȴ͸ˣ
񣺡ǲûжãθʦ㡢ʦ㣬֮ǰɣԼһЩͬʱϮһħ˵ľħͷǱͬŷֿ


1807 ͫ
ħˣ
Ů볤ХãֻǴһҪȷݣħˣһȫð
ХһŴ󹭣ƿʼͷţȷħˣܰɣ
Ӧħͷˣ˵ʮǰɱǼֲ֪λһħǿߣذɱǿߣֶβ̣ǲȫû
Һɻħˣ־ǿߣʮǰ߳ͥħͷߣ
Ǳ񣬵⻹Ҫԭ򣬾ħҪɱɹʮΧɱʱͻȻɱ
֣ʶˣ
һˣˣֵܣķǳƣƤŮһ㣬һ˵һȥᣬҲͶʮһӣһ֣ɹˣҲħħֻߣ
ؼֵܣ
棬Ҳʵ˵֮ǰɹŮ·ħһ
ŮӡХĻŲɡ
ؼֵܣȻˣҲ֪·ɱԸħ
Х°͵ȷûƭǣΪؼֵܺ뿪½ţ˫̥ҲֻǼֵܼΰˣ˵£˴󲿷ֵӣһǲܼǣ
ǰͷ
ͨʱعͷЩŵСӣһСǰʵ
ʱֶüͷ˱ȭиŵӣ𣿡
Ůһ
Хϲޱȣѣ򣺡ˣĪҲˣ
ڰǰӦ⸽⣬˶йһ֮Ե֮ԼסǴ̫ǿˣһħͷԽɵĴڣһо͸ˣ
ȷҲֻǵʵȺ֮УΪʵǿһˣ
˵꣬Х̾
ʦ֡Ů򳤿ХһƳ
Ҫʲô˽˵ġ
ХϢ󣬾Ͷλƺǡͫʦ㣬Ȼɹӣʦͽ󱦱֮һǣκαֳһݸǣ
л
桢ͨ۾ˣȻӡ֤Ǿ仰˺ð¡
ųХͫ𽥷
ͨƺǸŮ֣ܣԭƺǾŵͫŮҲӥɽǻ˵Ҳμһ·棬ʵɷǳǿҲͥòŮ֮һŮˣҿڳХߵķǳ
ͫ
Ӱȷȣκһ˿𣬶ǰ꣬ЦϲõĶϲڣŮӲ߿ֵͼʿҲȥǣδһ죬ػҽ£֮Уʱ˻ң
ǲ˻ˣⷬͨóϷ¶Դֻ֮Աǡ
󡭡
ǰٶ
һӹâӿ˲俴һ󣬴׵棬ʯ˿˿ںһ
ܿһӡǣһСϪ֯һγһֻаâ
ǰвʯǳХ֮ͫǰ󷨣ϷʯСݣȻҪû
桢²ڡͨһĻţ˼̣λǳԽɵĴڣҲ㻹δ򿪣
Ǿ׻⣿û뵽ͫ⻰ٴ
Х̾ǱʱʮΣѾ֮һǿɱСô˼̣˱ȻʵԽ򱶵ĴڣҲᵮ̥Ԫʯ־ǿߣҲ廯Ϊ̥Ԫʯ
λϢԸͽ¼˱ǣû뵽͵¶ɫ棬Ҫ
ǡƺǲŮͫһȻ֮ĬȻʥܺ
ҲãպʦϢһҲ֪᲻дХǲں벻ɣڡ
ϴǰ²һȴš
ʦ֣ҿֻǰֱ֣ɹֻȻͽ
ţҲұܾǣȥڣԺ֪ˣ
Хͫδ뿪ԭǰһһ
ˣ
桢ͨӿһһƣƲͣҲδͷſ
ˮӴδɡ
㣬ͷƣδκαʡ

˭֪ȻĹ󣬾ӿһɹâ桢ͨƿ롣
ٶԽԽ죬â÷ǳҫۣ²һ࣬Ҳһϲ
ܣʥˣǹ󣬷ĳͨ
Զţ̲ס


1808 ̥Ԫʯ
ʥԽ󻯽⣿
ХͫǼʶ֪ܲζʲô
˶ٻǲԸԼһĻ²һ࣬ۿǹϴԼһˮЩ桢֮ͨУʧΣڲòš
ʶ棬ǿдš
ХĬĬһӣڼ𶯣˶һԲ
ãХжͫӣҵȷˣ벻һ֮У˲ԻֲôһʼǣҾ;ϴĳأ
òǵȷ֮ǰܾ˵󻰣̨棬ͫҲò࿴
Լһʱ
ͻȻ֣ѽһɶ룬ջ鷳ʦֳ֣
ã
ֻХãһԾ
ϷŴ֮Уһһɴ󷨱͸ܿڲѪɫâ˸
䣡
һָץԳХǿԼֲƴָΪӥצĳ
ʱ飬桢ͨԼǰǹϳһŹѣѪɫʼӺۼ͸
̤ʥһ죬ʵ̫ˣ֣ͨǽɵĻҲչڶ̶ʱ䣬ȳ̶ȡ
עڹѺ۲졣
ȴֻ¶οЦݣΧУ߸ϵĽɡʥɡ
ʱͬգڴʮ֮ǰֻԽΪɡԼϵĴڡ
ǰһʥһжˣ
ɾʥɲһΪһǰ𵤣Ѫ𵤡ءͨԪ񡢹ȵȷ棬ʹýʥһ죬ѿɣĳֶΡ
ʥΪҲӴɡǿϣоһ֣޷Խ΢о
Ӵ֮УһֹϾ䲻̫࣬Ҳ㹻һҲкܶջһЦͨվ
䣡
ڣּХ̧һ̤
¿ɲˣһ˲飬һĻѪɫâĵش֮ȽȽ
̥ԪʯͨѪɫ
һ£
ۿ˾ͿԽ󣬿֮ʲô
ͫΧͨǶˣҲһȥû뵽Х˲䣺ˣһȺˣ
⴦ѨӦҲм죬̥ԪʯԼ⴦Ϣɢȥ㣬ҲͽЩ˸ˣ
ͫԳХףʦ֣ȥȡͷŽ磬ֹɱ
ಣ
Ůɳһ⣬׳ٷܿͻΪһϡ
ǵңŹˣХҲȲȥˣͷǿƣǿС
ˣ¿鷳ˣǰƼ˼ҶᱦзһǶᱦ˼ҴӰ·ɱ
桢ͨ²ڻϣһ̶ǽſͫ÷γһơ
˶֣ڣˣȻزסҲ߶٣Ͼǹˣûдʵȥֳ״һζ˵ֻһѡ
ս
䣡
ոͫǴƣȴɽС
ƹμһ˲串𣬵ãͫʵ治һŮӣ˿̶Խƿء
ɽԼɱнơ
¡¡
ղϢһɫ󶦣̫ˣ͸Żʽ׷аһ
СƤǼˣռأֻҪǱзݣ
һ¡ӥǰ׷߼Ԧ֣߸źü¸֡
ǣʮ˳֣ЩΪǴɣмˣһǳԽɵĴڡ
þһ󣬵ȷбƾǵ̥ԪʯǹҲǿ֮أ̥Ԫʯ⣬һɱ
һĮضͫɱһ⡣
һɱݺ

ͫչֳΪƺǣԼͥӵķɣŮӣҲһâɱ뽣ǿײһ
Ȼʤ
һʵܴﵽָͫ߶ȣ
ಣ
ʮˣƻԽͫǹ
ẓ̌
һͫɱзߡ
߼ʱô󶦻ȻתͫٶǸЦȻǰ˵ãֶᱦǺˣҪɱһҪСƤˣҪѹŮū
ɱɲףɱͻһֱǣ޷˳õڽ⴦ʯѨϢãǾ֣ѹһŮӣǸһ£һšȡˡ
ʵǸ
˲ʥҲ赲ǣ
ǰʮǿɱһ桢ͨ²ڣ翴һ
ͥˣߣǴɡӶԷϢ֮УܿͿǲͥˡ

ͨȳ֣һץϾȻץһƬѪһѪɫ籩ǰը
̣
ԷЩɣȻյء


1809 ;ر
ʴɱһγɣըѪǿأЩѪڰһ㡣
Ѫ޷ʴԷʮˣҲСѪϾκǿߣΪٲԶԶǼɵ֡
Ѫ
ҲѪը˲䣬˫֮תһ㡣
ȥǰգζ֮ںϣΪһ߶೤Уնȥ
²ҲƣʥǿʢһȦЩȦƯ𣬴Ȧ֮һˡ
֣ͦ
Էжʮˣ
Ƕʮɫɫɡ
ͻȻһƯұۣߣ䣬û뵽һӡ
ʽ׷
Щ˿治򵥣һ֣桢ͨ²ھͿһʽ׷
һͨʽ׷ڽɡʥУӲʥ׷ûкǿ֮
Ǵɲһǲʸӵлʽ׷ǿ߶ʽ׷Ĵڡ
Ǵֻܴ߶ʽ׷һһҲȫʩչԽɵʵ
ӾһԲЩ棬ѪУͳͳһ飬ԲһƵģѪҲûΪѪ˿˺ѡ
žžž
˹ڼϢ䣬ͱһԲ飬ƣһҲԲ顣
ǼֻϣҲ棿

ʮ˴Цֹ
лǣ˶ŽʮϢʱ䣬ҲԽ󱦱ȡ

˱Բѹ֮ʡ
һˬЦӹ֮дȻǰһâһͷŰâɳ
Х
˼ɱɵöھʱ
ͥЩߣҪ֪ⷽĲ
ŸĳХͻȻһһɷƲӰǰ˹
һâɲǻԲһ𵴣ʼ飬âɲڰձը·һˮʮǿһը졣
һɣ
Ǵɣһͷ
ʮɱâú˰ףϻƶѻΪƬ
Х֮ƯϺ³һӡǣӡǻΪһۡ
ǿɲǼ򵥳ۣһۣһͨ
ǵӳڳХϣһ˲䣬ΧһâӡǣÿһӡǶž
ʦ֣
һ̣һӰӿ
ͫ
СӣӣǸˣԼ׷ɱ
ХͫƱסĸֹæǻʵʦãû°ɣΪҲ࣡
һЩˣû£˲öԸصϷͫ΢΢Щɫ԰ס
ಣ
桢ͨ²Ҳգߡ
ХףҲѲǵˣѡ
ˣ˹ƻδ󷨣ͱȺ˽סҪõͲ˵ˡ
һ򣬸ոճХȥᱦͫԸЩǿߣ˲סɣпܾΧͫһˡ
ͫҲΣգ
֮֮ǰ֣Хѿ˲ҲıδɳѾѡ
ХͻȻķǳãѾȡˣϧڲܸǣǶ˶ԸЩǿߣӳȥӳȥٰ֮лϣʱǣ
ǵȷЩ˶֣ãӳȥΪһĿ꣡˲Ϣͬˡ
ХֽһǸӦȥ֮Ҹܵط߶ҶֻҪ˳Щˣᾡȥǣ
ߣһ߲ˣ
ߣһŴ󶦣һͷһɽʮںͷƣѾһǽȥǷס
Ӭɲȥοˡ
ͫһ̣ϢҲˣ糤ХһһӡǣâΪܿ콻֯Ϊһâۡ
ϸһϷۣɵøź룺ŶһӦͥƺǵӣһڵӣһֲͥᣬӵʵ
ƺǡΣأǿܼǾҪأԹû˿ҡռߴأǸɭɭЦ
ɱ
߸˵꣬ץ
ɱˣڳХͫ߶˲䣬Щըһɹɻ˴ӷ֮еɽ緢һ

ǷǿУԽͨӡڷ֮Уκ׳ýӡͷͨơ
̣
ͫâۣͷâû뵽Ϊ浲ڼ֮⡣
Хͷŷ֮ǰ֣Щը棬Էɱˡ
Խɵľͷ̫ˣǾλΡȡ۵Ļ£ѾоԪ񶼿컯Ϊҽ
䣡
ǻͻȻɱһɽ


1810 һλ
ɽֱɱХڴҲǳԽɵĴڣ÷һ˦һɽɽδ
ʽ׷һߣӵкüʽ׷Ϊͥ׼һУ
ХԷƣԶƷɽ̧˫ۣ˫ȭһɫȭףָǷצУָצжһߡ
ʽ׷
ͨȭףЩԽʥ׷Ĵڡ
ž
ХͻȻǺ޹ӵ
һצץɽϣ糤Хͽ֣ʽ׷ɽɱһһץȻɽɳȥ
Ǵʽ׷ԽԷһĻҲХʵ
ͻȻעͨҲѧΪΪϹŹѧƣϧХţû֮ǰ㲻˼飬̤λɣʩչȭܳԽڵ
ݣ
ʮһͬɱǸָ䡣
ͫҲץһڻʽɽһһջɱɱȥЩʥסʽ׷ɱڼ֮⡣
ͻȻһЩʮ飬ŷԼɱϷ
ֱըˣը֮УЩǶ̣еǻ棬еǽǳԽɵ
žžž
ХͫȻǾաܳԽɣɲҹӣԼΧɱΧɱ֮УȻܱԼɱù顣
Ǿ޷˼ȫȥ桢ͨ²ڣ˱ֻкˣʼܵ
׼ãҪǿ·
ʱҴ
ȥͷԱԼ˾˵ˣ˵Է֣ǶԷɱЩҲԽɱ
ХͻȻ˶һһȭһȭգצȭףȻɱһɶȭӡÿһȭӡЩܽ𿪡
̫ˣ
ǳХеʵһ˿Կʮǿ߹ơ
ȭӡһ鹥ƣ·ʼХȥʮΧɱ룬ûʽȭԼץצһɨȻ߳һӡҲȭӡһԵ
·ߣڻǣХ˴
ߣ
˲ˣ
Ҫ߻ãΪ˸
ӵٷɹκιԼɱХһץһץ顣
ϷҲǹģҲͷſΧɱƣμ顣
ϣǿϣȥ׷ɱСӱǣǳȥͨ籨ţ
֮⣬Ǹӥߣûж˳֣˴·ߣȻмһЦ
ץٷٴɱ롣

һɴһɳӰ׷ɱȥ
ɶΰﲻǣϣܿԼʵΪģ
ХҲһ׷ɱȥҪ˼ͫӣ׼ɱȥǿ
ͫȻܷƣҲš
ֻǿ桢ͨ²ڣ
˸ոշɳǧףһֲƣճ׷ɱ
ͨؿƣһɱˣ±Ҫһɽ֣ɱ
ӳ棡
˽ٶҲͷŵ£ͨʼͷѪõѨͨѪ
׷ɱһͷŻѪѪţֻǧ׺׷ɱ
κ䣡
ಣ
ڴӵѨ֮зɳϿգ
ӲˣҿǴɣǼֻϣҲ׷ɱ֮ǰڵѨѪ
棬ÿռѪ
ͨѪûãֻƴɳ档
ڻصһͷɭ֣û뵽Ѿ׷ɱһֺʮѾ׷ס
ٺ٣ˣ룬һ˲նɱǣ
ſһ磬һѪɫɽǻʽɽһڴﵽʥ۷ɽ
ݣ
ѪɫɽȻնΪ׳ն˺󷽡
𣡡
ͨͷһɱһڻʽɽ

ɽɱһ벻ǣʽɽȻɼɣɽͨѪ
ǴʥĲ࣬ͨӵлʽ׷Ҳ޷߶ʽ׷
֮һɣ߶ʥ׷ʥ۷ɽٶȡƷ棬ȫѹͨ
ħʿ֮ǰһֱͷѪһ
ץʥɽ˳ֽɱͨǰɣҪһնɱͨ
ಣ
һ̣ͨǰѪɱ
ǰ֮Уɳһɫ

²ڴɱһɫ籩
ʥҿǴһǿߣɱΧΧƣȻɱʥɽ
ΧɳһĨɫͻȻһɽâʣٶȸذսסɣâɱǿʥɽ
꣡
ɱɽնɽӣһҪնɱͨ
桢²ڼĨ⣬һ赲ɱУҲǸȻĮӱ顣


1811 ӳ
ĨȱɽնʱĲǽⱻɽûݻ٣ɽ
ܡ
֮Уȴڰɽ
ɴԼɽȻ޷ѹʥƲ˵ĳֽп
ʥǻʽ׷ſԴʥ׷ȻǷǳǿߣܿƻʽʥ׷
˫üһʣſâһƬƶƬĲˣֻһֻ
һֻɿ
ɱ֪ɶôŭնϣ˫ܹͫ⣬˫ɱɫƬ
գۣɫƬɿ£޷ԸûֱӺɡ
Ȼ²ڴһɱݺݳдɱ󣬼湥ƣΪ飬ȻʥС
ಣ
ͨҲûǱߡ
ɿ󣬲ýɫƬǿһɽնϣͨ鷳ˡ
Ǽʵﵽʥ۷壬ԼһңҪԸһɣԲ࣬ɶԷͨ𵤡ãǷǳµġ
ۣ
²ڡҲɻˣ̫ߣûаڴǿУʥˡ
ɰףתѪͫ桢²ڡɿ󣺡Ҫɱǣ
ֱɿâƬöʱţǡâһﰡ
֮£
ɱǣһˣҲֵˣ෴һ˼ɿǼɫƬ
֣̫ʵӦýһ죬ôҲˣҴ߶һ»þϢһͨˣὫֲǿϣ
֮жֲãס

²ھĺܣڴ֮У֮Уǿ׿һˡ
ʱȻ״̬֮УͷŻ
ĵ·գ
ʲô
Ҫ߶ǧʱ֮֮ͨںϣƶԷɡ
ҵģû뵽أ׷ȴǼϣ
ɱ˹Ŀ겻ǳ²ڡҲ档
ɿ
ӦɿнɫƬâ̫ˣ̫
ͣһɿҪ֪ʵͨ࣬ʥ۷壬Լһ֮䡣
ɿ֮һ
ˣֶ֪Ҳ򵥣ͷһնɱɿ
ɿʵչֳٶȲƣҲΪΣ֮ǰһ̣ܳ䲻ɱɽնԭ

һɹɽɫӰڽɻ£ڰȥٶ
²ڴӰ֮УҲץһȦȦһɹɻŭʨ˳һʱɱһ
ʵǿĶ࣬ͨһǿ󣬲ͨһЩ²ز¶ϿĲ
̣
ʮϢ֮󣬴ɱѽѷ֣Ǵ΢΢ռϷ磬һ̣ҲŹĵ£ڴǧʱ߶֮£ϵطչĵ£潫ӳڴƬΧ
ȻڴϷ޵γһ棬̬ͨҲԪֻһ̬ˡ
ӰŴɱȥ͸ȥϴӴϳ߲ǿʢںϴĬĬؽӳڴԺ
һ˳֮С
һɱһʥǲ˼飬ҲǲܵģȻԭģǴɣҲ޷ƣԵߴ֮ɸû˿֡
֮һһٽͶڴϣһһأɸ޷
ڣܼʵһ֡
ϿƶԷͬʱҲֱӽڡ
ڣ澹оһӿʼǿʢǧʱľˣ״̬¡

ڴ߶ǧʱԸǿߣٴǿһԾûġ
ʱԵش֣ɿٶȷŻԶˣҺɱǿһ
áԷҲڵһɱ
Լںϡƣ潫Լ־ͨӳϡ
͵ͬʶϢֲڴڡ
˿ģӦ£һӰʵǺεģڴ֮Уס
һɲǣɱɿԼ²ڹư룬ǴɣҲԵЩڶʱˡ
飡
ʱ
߶ǧʱҲɴʱڽơ
һͳ˫͵һġ
֮Уһ̶ˮȻΪһ޴档


1812 ն
ƿشֳˣҲ˫һģͻȻ顣
¡¡
Ƭ˵ǺʵֻǶԣ޵ģʼԴݿ֮ƣΪһƬ촷ۡ
ۣ
ʩչƣѹ֣üġ̫Ѩͷӿһơ
£ɸδӦܾ޴𵴣ҲϯԪһԪҲ޷һ㿪ʼ顣

ɷ˻ѷεĲҽС
ͷҵģ
ɿȴһѾܾˣһâǰֻɿɱƬ
һ룬ͷ룬ɵͷƬ
ԲҪɱǣ֪ǵͨҲϹɻܳ֡
ͷûˣҲ޷ţڻ飬Ԩ֮С
꣬ɿ󵱳ͷ­һͷ̽ȥǴͷ­Լ϶컯ʵ
²Ҳ״̬˺ò٣һսǾĶǣǿֵⷬͨҪʤɣֻ֮ʤҵҪʹۣ
ǶԷ֮ǰСǣɳһһǿ׷ɱǶɣӳȥ
²˳٣ʬģϽ
֪Хͫ״ôԴ޷ɱЩǿߣӦò⡣
ЩӢȻһЩֶΡ
һʱʮ⣡
һ칵ӡڷأ˲Уúþ󣬾ˡ
Ҳһʱ߶ԳХϧûж־ͷɱܶʱнߣҲأܴġ
ڿʼʬ壬ʥΪɴʬ壬ûнǰɴֻǽΪǰҪȫԸܴӴʬȡ
лֵܣѾõĲ࣬ҪѪȻǺöţ
ƳŴѪ
Ҳһʱָңûǳ²ڣѪܣӦ͸¶ˣó²ڿţڻָʵҪ
²ûҪϢ֮ǰƺû˿˺
ͨأܴһæ֮£ʥ۷ΪȻҲǳԲġ
׼״̬£һǿԵֵ
ôʬ֮УҲд䣬ռָӵдԴ鵤Լֵҩʯ걦ҩԼǧ˲ιԼһꡢһʮ˲ι
Щˣ׼֣ԴӦоУϧˣͨǧ˲ι鵤Ӧþָܻ۷塣
һԴͨ
󲿷Դøռ䣬ɿ桢ţƸյشǿ򱶡
üɽںϳಭ׽ţҧħȦҲںħɷ֮С
Ϣǹӵģɽಭ׽ħȦɱȻǵ۽״ڡ
ֻƷʱȲƸǵ۽ƸʷѾԽ󲿷ֵ۽
ֲںǧ꣬ʼ޷Ϸʥ׷Ѿȫʩչ
û뵽ڷ֮Уܵõļ۽׷ôƸ½磬ڸ֮УȻռٱҲҲе۽׷ͷӿˡ
Ƹ
һˣݺɽӵʵֶΣͷ֮ȥ
ٿڲڲˣԶʱ̫࣬ƷʶܴԶķǾƷЩйʱгйʱϹʱйŷϹŷҾɿǼɫ۵ӵԣܾܿһϹʱı㲻Ƿ
ɫ۵ȷһܽһʥ۷ɽն飬»ʽ׷ҲܲסɿٶȾˣʵҲдɸ߶ȣԺɣնɱΪף
ο֮ɫȻʣܿӡɽʯǺεȱ𣿡
ǶǳԽҵĴڣǶϹʱ޷Ʒʡ
Ƕأ
㣿ˣҴδǱֻʶѪǶ㷨Ϣ޷ӦȻǳĴڣϾȻӵļ
Ҳ󷨱Ϣ
֮ǰΪɿԣϧ޷֪Ϣ
ˣ
ʶع鱾壬ɲ鵤ƷʯԼꡣ
һ˶
жˣ
߶ǳХġ
Ҳһˣùôʱ䣬Хͫһϵܵõ֮б
治ΪǺպţȡؽ󲻳ɣ


1813 ֵõ̥Ԫʯ
ڲûκԭֻһԳХϢֻд߶һֱӦϢҵХںδ
̶ͨҲָˣʵһѴﵽʥ۷壬һһǿߣȫʵ֣ܻܶԷ
ŷ治ԷϢΪģäĿֺãã棬ؼȻǺһʯҡ
ʮﻹδҵХϢԽԽǿңȻ볤Х̫ңԶ
Ҳ֪ηڴӷ֮дХ
һֺ⴦ֺ̫ïʢڲǷ棬еĹ־ȭͷҳģҲǰǿɱ
ˣ
һɽǰϢȻֹ
˿ǰʯ£֮ǰʲô֮ͻȻһŻ
Ż֮Уһ֮УÿХͫһԲΣԼʮɴС
һ̳ϸ̶ɣ⻬羵ž׸ӡǵ̡
¸ŰףҲܸ̳ܵľ˺ȥᱻ
ͨĿ࣬Ľòı
ǱŸԶűԭ֮Уб̳ԻָоԪȵЧ
Хˣû·ϵƽƽ£ջǶҲǾһ󣬲ų˦Щǿߣƶһӣ
ųХһ֣üķɳһâ
âڱ̳ȻΪһһĶСɫ
ƶ
Ҳڱ̳ΧҲУƶڲû뵽ڲǸָ߼ʯʯ̶ɵʮɫ죬˵ıҩΪװͷŸֹҫ
ֱһ졣
ݳް̫ݳˣˣɹļݳƶǮͨнǣһǴ۽硣
һﵽʥ۷ƶǶҲһռ䷨ܹԷƶһ㷨ǧӦڲƶɡĦһ²Ҳ
ú˲£Դӵа㹻
ƶһ죬оشڣʱһξһȥ
ಣ
ХͫһҲϷ¡
ųХʾ⣬£Хһץʮŵ̥Ԫʯεõʮ̥Ԫʯϧ֣֮ǰӦܵشֻһ̥Ԫʯ
ñе̥Ԫʯڣʱʱ̣̿Ѫӹ̡ҲܰС
̥Ԫʯ£Ҳָ²ڼ飬ˣϾ̥Ԫʯȷǿı
̥ԪʯԽʿʵûһôû𵤣޷յ̥ԪʯǽɣҲֻһ˿˿ֻ̤ʥʼ
ܼԦ̥ԪʯǴΪͨҪںһ̥ԪʯҲҪꡢǧʱ䣬ǳХֳͫԽɵľͷð̥ԪʯС
־ͷԣ̥Ԫʯ֣УΪı
Ϊ̥Ԫʯӵǿǰʿ̥ԪʯҲܶ٣һЩԪʯǰǰٷ֮һʿҲǰĪ󣬵óХͫ־ͷǰӵиΪǿ
桢ܴͨԪʯ֮Уոǿ߾
պʵʥ۷Լɸ߶ȣ϶컯Ҷǿʼա̥ԪʯǶԴԣ̥ԪʯôΪˣ
ְи˴һһ̥Ԫʯ
֮У̥Ԫʯ⣬һΪԼʥסʽ׷Ҿ͸һʽ׷ʥ׷вʯֵܣǿ⣿
ʱХֿʵ
ҵΪʥ׷ʽ׷Ǻñû⣡ڹ֮Уǲ糤Хԣ޴ӿ֤
ȻˣҲѡȥʡ
һö䣬һСƸһɵõôһӶʵ۹Ÿǵ
Ŀǰãʵһǿʥ׷ûá
ХʣǸͬ飬Լʦֵϵϣܸңһ±ֵĹż֣һϱѩ֮أѾ׼ȥһȥԼд㣿
λһȥͷӬܣΣղ˵Σգ
ǾͺãҲǻɹЩӣɱǴż
ХҲżܿʹŴ뿪ƶҲȥ
˽ͬнֽΪ嫵ʯյ硣
յ޷ֱ淽򣬻óХͫǴӣЩȻ֮У뾡취̽ء


1814 Զűԭ
ããʯ䣬ҵǰУǸǣ֪бյسҲҲط
꣬;о̫ԼյأȻϢ
ɫʯҶǱģ˵ﶼףӦþǴԶűԭ
ֱһȺɽ֮еɽȣɽΧֺǱģɽϡܼ﷢ΪڲǱѩǣȴһĲԨ
ಣ
δԨ
ʹ·ֺ֮Уһӷɳʮˡ
ڡƺǿߣȻ볤Хͫ档
ʦ֣ʦ㣬ôʥһ𣿡Щ˳֣󲿷ֶǴɣʥ
桢ͨ²ڣЩӱİҵһۿ񣬾Į븩һ߰ͷ
Хȴ󷽶΢Цٿˣǵѣˣʲô
һе񣺡ҵۼͬʱ˵в˽ԭҲһЩǿߣҲ֪ǻʦֹǽȥ
ХףֵܣҪֱˣҪŵһȥԭðգǸ棬·ԭǵһҲ֣Ҫ
Լ˵λأųХͫҲˣǱϾţзܴͬС
Ϊ
ಣ
ֹϴ˷ǿ±ԭڶ
ϸȥǺڶһЩɫѷ죬ƺͬϴǵѨһΪĳִ𶯲ŷ
ʮϢȺ˽֮У濴²ڣ֣ȥãǲȥã
ᱲʿȻҪǧǿĥµģȥΪβȥһеס
ǾЩΣҲѩɽȡ
ûдǾ޴ѺڶȥǧҵһѣԾУɲ羮磬
꣡
Ƭ̼䣬ƿʼ⣬һϢΪһӡ
û뵽δȥԭ˿ֲҵҲӵдʵͷһɻ棬գѾԭĿ¡
ûգҲٱ⣬Ϊ޴ڣܱ
ֿΧѷ죬·𶼱·һƬֱȥɲӨӿ
ಣ
סֲڴӱѿռɳ
ΧûڱѻҪֲƿʼᣬϽֶζԸ
Ϣ֮˲ܿƺվڱԭϣΧǰװһƬѩķ籩һƬƬֲУһƬһƬرԭЩз籩ܽһɸ˺ˡ
˱з籩֮ϳɫʯľֺۿԿǧŻþκʶǱģһЩڱз籩£γɸ״еɽһ嫣еͨʯһѻ
Щֺ벻ι״ںϣγһƬƬ硣
²һ˿棺˺ԼǷ籩ĿǰʲôΣգҪģԸѾҲ֪ʲô
ȻˣôҲҪ
˶źܿΧһɶѪɫԼѩǣԶԶȥ˾ѩڵƶ
ƣ
һʱ
źʮͨôҿǰ
ԭһ⣬һƽԭһԲƱıڡ
ɲʲô飬һ󣬶ڴΧһڱѩ֮Ѳߡ
¿ʲôˣҲܲ³ӦͥҲХͫ档
ˡ
ԶԶ
û뵽桢ͨһͬһ΢
óһɹơ
жˡ
߶ƣͳɡ񡢳ԪʮԪǴħ֮ԼʮϴԪ
ǵȷһֱ취ȡϵϧΪ̫ӣͨƣҲ޷ͷŶһֱ޷ϵ
һ̣ȴűԭϵˡ
ˣ
һԪȻϵ֮󣬳Ƕţ
Ǿ͸һͨһΡ
Ҳԭˣ֮ǰҾһֱ޷ϵϣӦ뿪ػعţɵҲ
׽ţȻӦʦ㣬˵бԭ͹Ҳ֪ͥܶԭΪʦӦҲڣԾ
ҲٹǾҲֻʮ;ҪģһЩħڰǿ߹ᣬҲԭԭ֮лкܶǵ㣬ѰŷϢҵǣ
û뵽ϣˣ֣һȥԭҺиӦֿ̾̾²ڡ
УһҲţͬˣ˱ܿǴ󣬽źѩ


1815 С
¶ǻѩһ߶ѩʱʱ̷̿籩ϯѩڰγɿֲѩ籩ӣһʡ
žžણ
Χĳ޹⣬Ҳһδι
ҲʮңΪѩϷ籩Ȼû½ɫʯңѩҲ˷ֲ巽
һʮƽԭˣһԼǧ׿
Ӧ֮ǰһɡ
籩̫޷գ˲ԭϡ
꣡
ͻȻһֱһ˺Ѱ㴫
Ҫѿ˰ɣ
˸Կһۣðһ麹Ϸп·籩գ±ԭѿ˾Ͳˡ

˷ֽºȻ̵ͬʱһɫ͵شӱ֮ײ㡣
Ҳ֪ССȻײ飬ȫ顣
²ͻȻžϲ㣬ֻڼ֮زӵУǳټȻޣҲһִƷ
ˣȷ㣬˵ĺܶԣײУӵоѪԻָ籦ҩһ󣡡ɿں«ռҲ
ϴҲºҪ
ಣ
ͷһ⣬СͻΪһλʮŮһȹƮ䡣
ޣ²Ȼֻ֪ɿ󣬲֪һŮ
أ
ִ𵴡
һѾʮۼҲʼҪͷײ㣬ѷѾγɼԶ
ͬʱ䣬ɣһ㾹Ȼ˳ˮſ죬¶Ƿż
ҵģ
һϯȹСӯɳȻΧûӰ죬ٶ½һ
һСٶһЩ
꣡
һСƻӳȥ㣬ɺգۿʼ
Ǳ㻹ҧź
ûܷСˣСһæɱ
ȥˣСԼٶȣ׷һɹɺЩۿں֮Уζ䱻⡣
õģСޣӦӻһĻġ
û뵽ֵڲôһ֮յأҲԵõٻ²ڶԺҲ࿴
²˵ⷬʱ쳣ƽ·ӵЩֶΣȻ֮С
ˣ
ʮϢ
ʮ㻹δѣͱһź⣬ֱץһһڲ
ͨһ߳ͨɫҲǣԭһɫ񹥻ʱǰѪȣ˳
ͨðһ仰ͷôԣֱˣ
ó²󣬲ЦκĪҪԣΪежأð취ñסգҩںϣ뵤ҩ֮ɣȫ
䡭
˶
ǰȻһ𵴣Ҳһɾɨ
ҼæȥһͷѩɫͷǣɣӰ߷ɱأ鲻ѷ졣
ͷǲûмʱƺڼɵԭڲ̤棬ſѪ̴죬żˡ
˶ֹͣ
²ڵһƳŵѩǣͷ­Ƿǳʵɲ࣬һͷѩٶȺܿ죬ʥ۷巨һ
ʵˣô˹
²ֵ˵Լ޹ص£ѩȻײУΣգƤëǳֵǮܶŮʿϲһƤëԻһʥ׷
ôһͷѩǣɱǣϴֶԸɲ⣡СȻǰǰ棬ԼŴıԡ
ھ͸ϽߣΪѩǲһֻûҹͷѩ̽ģԶӦһ֧ȺȺǼ壬Ҳ߰ͷǣǲ֣ʮͷϰͷζţǼʱߣҪ߰ʵѩɱ⻹ǽϺһʮͷȺܶѣ
Ǿ͸Ͽߣ
²˵꣬һһ;
㣬˾Ҳٷɱȥ
ͷѩһҲͲ⣬漸˹ƿӣѩҲƻ֪ҪߣϿŰ׷
뿪ԭ˽ٶ£ͷһѩűԭѾ׷׺󷽣ٶ̫ˡ
ͬʱʶʲô˴ͷѩǲ˦ǾӣԶãٶͷѩǳ֣
þûˣýƤëˣСЦ°ͣͷѩǡ
һͷû˵һȺ
ÿһ̤ںٱѣҰڱԭܣԶɼƴٶȣΧһķ籩
ȻҲһɷ籩·һ籩ں׷
ˣ
ͷѩ໴У뼸˽ٶ̣ʱ벻ףѩǲͨҲ޷ԶԼ˺
ȥȴҲöþ׷ǡ


1816 Сնѩ
ѩ׷ϰ֮ڣһ˼ǰָι״еɽеγɱ֡
ˡ
ưУڱ°շɹ
ͷһƳѩ׷ʮ׺󷽣ͻȻͷŷǺǴλΪ
籩һ塣
ȴѩ׷ɱʱֻΪΣĲ֪һɿ˲Ϸɽ
ССһڽˣ
ͷѩԴҲƣǿԴ͵ϮһɱһڱУ̳
СЦкߵСȱһ£Ƥëһһ˿ѩӣ
ͷѩڱУٶȿɽ
ϾѩʵȺǿ٣ʵƾɻһЩɿǰǿ
꣡
ѩײеͬʱȴɽУ˲һΪɽնԴ

ѩǿɽԴ㣬һʱ޷壬ԴҲͷ­պöж
һѩͷ­ɽն֮֮ǰһһΪѪˮ
أ
ѩͷ­ҽУ·Χ籩Ҳغա
һڹϵ۽ɽɶɽӣ
ӰѩǰΧ
²һαǰɽָ΢΢֮ɫ
˲նѩԴʥ׷ҲҪɣȫ߶ʥ׷С
Сȴֻʥ۷ʵһնͷǷܡ
ˣ桢ͨҲһΣѩ׷ɱǣǷɱѩǡ

ͨץʽɽֻͨǴɫɵ߶󣬽ϲһأˮҺ塣
ڽ·һ㣡
ǻʽ׷ʥ׷֮
໣
˫ͷѩǿΧһС࣬Ǳնͷ­˿ڣѪһֱ䡣
һˣ档
ΪС
ݣ
һˮ㽣ǰһն

ѩԴУȻˣдʵ
ꡢꡢ꣡
ˮɱУиɢûѩǳȥоͱնϣһˮɽͨ£ӶԷ˫֮Уɱѩǡ
ѩǱУϧæ֮£û֮ǰǿ󣬱ˮɽ͸ѩһЩǱˮɽϴ̳Ѫۡ
ѩ췢زҽС
ҵģɱ
ʱ桢²ڳ֣ͨʩչʽɽͷѩסնɱ
ɿأ
ȻΪٶȣѩǲһбӵʱ򣬴һһĨѩ
ۣ
Ҳ֪ιѩǣѩǱͻȻһһ߳Ѫɫۣʹѩ޷ߣԭشתԸ
ԭΪĺʩչɽͺɽѩ£ٶѾƣٽСɡٶȣͣѩΧȥ
ۣ
һ
һɽѩһͷ­ϣͽڶͷ­ն
Ѳʵʵɣٶûκηֱѩֲºһڵ۽ɽȫɶһˣԸնɱһͨɣ
⣬²ڲ϶ɿ
ʵ̫СҪ㹻ɳռ䣬ӳ۽ɱɱֻСһһ·ӷ֤ߴ벻˿ûоȡ
ͣ
һѪ䣡
շ籩֮УΪѪɫ籩ЩѩѪȾ죬Ѫɫõڰŭš
ѩһԴҲɽУ£ѩѾΪʧѪҲû֮ǰٶ
໷˺ѷκУ۾ڴѪ࣬ҪᣬҪᣡ

ո˵꣬λΪɱɽ
۽ɽܱ߶һɱ͸ѩ壬
¡һѩǴӼɸ߰׹أ񺮱ҳʮɶ֩ѡ
ʲôãҪǵˣһֱΪǵ˶³С档
ڼ˸ʱȻɽؽһѩǣӲӿʼиƤë
ء
ѩѾжĿúƤë£رۣɥ
ʬҲǺö˷Ѱҵģͨǰһ߶ռָʬ봢䡣
໡
һǺԶ̿ն
˲סתͼããѩԭѩںϣƶ
Ϊһ޴ͷѩͷѩƶձѩ籩˺ѡ
ͨ͡°ͲѩѩȺ𣿡
ѩ֮£һͷͷѩǿ񱩷ɱϰͷѪͫҹ֮еĶħȼաѪҲΪѩȺ֣ʼ𶯡
ӡ
Ҳ֪˭һ˲ת
һ̹򣬼ʧӰ١
ȽѾ޷Ӧڣѩٶٿ죬Ҳڱָӵط׷
ʮͨͬʱӦһǿҡϤϢǰѩ


1817 ѩ
ɹϢ
ಣ
һƬӨѩǰһŮӴӷѩ֮
ᡣ
桢ͨԶԶͱȭ񣺡ʦ㣡
ʱʮ꣬Ȼ統ǰ˴Խѩ֮УɹŮӸΪ޲
ҲˣԷθ̾Ϣˣţܾһ·ϣѩǡѩǵȿֲҪҪȥӦǣ
һ·оգҲѩǣǿһ٣һ·ǾЩΣա
λǣһۿ²ڡ
֪ΪΣһۿ²ڣ뿴һʥһһ
²ڵܣ󷽱ȭ³²ڣû뵽һգֵյһдֺƤǰԭ
û⣬ŶŮΪ;Ҫ֪أǵ̵ӣѣҲûи²ں
λʦǣǴͬţżλʦ֣ԭ˲ħڰ綼Уҵģ
Ƭ̣ǰϮΪȻԻȥһ֡
˸󷽣СǰС
ħˣǶӳȥģѩٶȣڸֱʯڴС
УʵǷ
漸ʵش˵ڱ£һ٣ǿ߶Ըħ֣ħˣ˲սӳ졣
ⷬһҲǣǿϾһˣҲԼؼֵܳ֡
ˣؼֵܣԼκǿ٣ĪҪ֪𣿡
ΪΣӲ
ͥǿһһһͥǻ񣬹ʴֶܴͥڰжҲ㣬֪Ҳϸ
ˣ
ԱǸ²ڣ֪ΪΣһҼտһ޷͸Ϣʥʵдɸ߶ȣҲ̫󡣡
ӻԴˣ
ùϲ̤ʥϢҲܿû뵽ΰ꣬ɣɹǰ꣬Ȼӵ޵ʥΪϵӡ
ʦ
޵ôɾ磬ܸӦԽ֮ЩѹϢ塢Ȼ΢ϵһ𡣡
ʥ
ոս̵ӵŮˣ׾٣̶ʱͿʱΪ
޷صģΪͻʥƤ˿ʥϢԸزˡ
ҲûдأͻʥˣԣȻûȥںʲôϵӡ
Ȼ뵽ԼǸ۵ӡ
ʮȻͣʾҲʯ£ܿһʮˣӵͿ
ã濴֮ͨǷֶǰǿߣִϢ΢΢оϤ
ɽǿߣ
ǻıǷǿʵɽ䣬Ҳ֮ͥУ֮ܶУǿһͥҲԺɽͿɽ˲ǿߣлıҲЩ˻δԶȥĶ˵
Ϊ治˽ɽ䡣
ʵԷǺɽ䣬еߡ
ɽǿԶȥ֮󣬳˽ģ桢ͨоʮɹϢ֡
һƬװѩɽһɽλɹŮӸϹӦһɸӦ󷨣һ󣬸Ǳԭһ֮¡
ӦǰʿڴɣΪڳ֮ϣ㲻ƴɣʵҲǲġ
ټڵӣ·֮ǰ볤ХðǷ
Ӧ󷨣ƯƶͷϢһİģһɹϢ
ǿ߾֮ǰӥɽŵӣ
ָˣһƶҲİϢɢޡС
У
ɲСһɢޣ򵥽ܣ֮ͥУһǿ߿ǰʮĴڡ
ͥôһɢǰʮʵδֲ̫Щ
ӻˣ
ż˽ƶ֮ǰȶԶ
ٿ²ڣߺȻһ࣬ɹӣȻܽȥһӡ
ɹͨȥҲ޷
֣ԼϢ£󣬽ⲿȥ󲿷֣붴֮ǰ²ڣֱԷ²ŷĻص
һأһ
һ桢ͨԣǳϤŮӣǰɡ
Ůһɨһ۴к󲿷ֶ桢ͨĮӣδһۡ
ŮɹŮΪ桢ͨϰˡ
ʵЩŮֻǾã˻۵ӣͨˣԼ۵λʵ̫ԶǾӣ桢ͨǵ󡡣


1818 㾧
Ŷ
ɵһ۸棬ˡ
桢ͨϢɴһȻ¶Цݣ棬Ȼ̤ʥΪϵӣɹ꣬ӵ̤ʥ
Ƿ𣿸оЩĴɣǰ׻ˣҲȻĺܡ
ΧЩں桢ͨŮӣһƵ̵ӳޣſʼע֮жˡ
ûǰʶû̫ӡǬ粡вŻӢģˡ
ͨΪȻ̤ʥ죬ڸоʱͻƴɣԲԣֽעͨϡ
ͨ߳һӵȷʱͻƴɣⶼɹͣûɹֵɾͣ

͵
ȻͨҲڹװơ
ʥ죿
£Χ󲿷ŮӣʥΪֻгȼ˰ˡ
Щ߸ϣ֮ǰĮӶ˵ӣһһ𺳣һһš
Ǻòͻƾ磬ܳΪʥΪϵӣȻͲ֪ðһʿü곬ԽС
ɹܸǵĶޣЩǶˣԼðյģʱ䣬ҲΣգҲõӦĻرһ𣬿桢ͨǸ飬Ҳڿʼı䡣
Ҳģ˾ڴһʵҲõǽ㾧кܴ
㾧˸£ˡ

㾧
ǲԭӦò˽ȻҲ̫˽⣬ʦĸǵģԭһƬ嫺СС֪Ϊȫ
ˣɾ統ɹӢӣأ֮оŲ㣬ź⣬ЩҲ¹һֱ㾹ȻΪһƾʯֲ񣬾ʲôҲδ
ʦǻ֪㾧ӵкܾմȾһԣҩжǳԽ󲿷ֱҩĴڣҲֻвҩҩ˲ι֮һȣ֮ԣͿȰϡ˲ιҲΪ˵㾧š
˲ι
˲ιѾ󣬵ɻ򵽣ʮ˲ιǾǱˣǴɶС
˲ιǸԼġ
ǺεȱĴڣ
㾧ܿȰ˲ι̫ˡ
Ҳ㾧ΨһƣմȾԣ˲ιֻˣ߲ࡣ
˳Ĭòŵڱԭ֮⣬Уʦ֣Ҳ׽ԭԺʦֻȥڻϣлǻصȥðգѰ㾧һУȻΣգҲϣõ㾧
ǺϢһ·ؾĥѣֻҪžͺãóһЩƷ鵤Ʒʯˡ
ͨǾȥУ˼ÿһ۾ˡ
Ůӣеӵȷ㡣
뿪²棬һ
ʱӣ
һ磬һϢӲԶ֮⡣
һˣ۾ͼһīɫӣʮͷӣһ汦ֶǻʹԱѲӵġ
ͨĬĬֵһںǿû˿ϢǾʦɢţУ
վʧ񣺡ɹӣոոʦϣ
ԭˣֲһЩɹϢ
΢΢ףüҲ΢΢չһɹӣŻ˶Դ
߳һǶţͻȻһƳĿ⣬һ˿ȿ֮еĳ²ڡ
һʱ䣬Ϣ·
桢ͨŪףΪлͻȻ仯Գ²ڡ
Īǳ²ڲɹӣ
㡭
ɫ΢΢طɣŵƺĳˣƼֲǵãϢ䣬˶ǼʿԷǳء
ҲʿϢͬͥø¾òϰߣ²΢΢ס
ʱӶӭС
ǽ붴һ̣ע·Ƿڳ²ϡ
ĳ²ڼͷο֣ɢޣɢ޶֮˹°
ߵںڰһЦãûͱˣνţѾԷѹơش
ֵӣһʵ඼ǿڴϵŪģȻ˷Уһͨǲˬһ䡣
Ҳɢޣ
ϸ˶ɢޡ
ڣ
ʦ֣
һ֣еŮӣʮˣæվųһţӭе
񶫷գҫҫϷɡҲһ


1819 Źֱԭ
ɡǴɣһܳԽ֮⣬أ
ѾһԽɵĴڣһɢޣڴɶԣҲһͷ
ʵŲŮЩƽ˵ŮӣǰСè䡣
ոɹеӣ򵥰
ڻ°Уһ¾Ƴţ䣬ֻдֲӣú࣬δɹһǴԵĵӣ
йӿǵȲ
ɡǰȻǫ顣
еˣǸոģңԭȡǿԽԽ࣬ħǿ߲٣֪Ϣ˵֮ǰǸħͷϹħֳˣȻûԭζ֣ܿħǿߣ
ħˣ
²ֹŮɫһΣΧŮҲ类˪
º
ΧѲڵӽɹһŮ뿪һһʧ
ھһ֣жԴ
ٴμô˻ûгХǿ
ִŵӣֻһɨ桢ͨˣС
ȴȥΪ𣬴ɹʮˣԼɵӣһͿշȥ
ʦոոң

±ԭû뵽Ҳ˵صĲ
ͿշУȻÿɹӰʦּȥڻϣҪȥһԭѰҪи
Ȼ
Ӱȥ٣ӺܿͲˡ
ʣɡŮڱѩ֮ǰУ뼸ŮΧ䱸Χ
ѩȻֲΪ籩˺Ѱ磬󣬷籩ͻȻٿֲǰһͷ羵һ⻬ıԭ
һӡ
оޱ޼Ƶģڻ𣿡һ棬Ů׷׾쿴Ž¡
֮ǰЩ㣬̫ˣѵģ˵꣬һи㡣
Ȼƴʵпһ߶Ҳûˮ
Ůĵؽ㣬СɡһǰУϿշ籩ͻȻʧˣһˮһĹߣ֯һˮҫȫһϿҲһ龵档
ô£󷽱ɽһӶˣǿߣǧףͻȻͨһզ
תһȻסˡ
ǧԶˣЩ籩ɽضˣϷˮӰһĹ㣬ȥҲ羵һԽǿȥԽǿκζҺףԶûоͷ
ʦ㣬ô°ŮǶޱȣӵΧ飬׹޾ˮԨ
Īż
ˣ
ŮףȻΪģߡ
ÿȻֹΧˮâһ㴩͸ڼ籩ɽ
棬ҿЩˮһӰƺ¥Ǳ浹ӰȥĹ߰ˣĿǰȥΣգ
˵˵һ룬ŮӲֵϣҵǶģΪԭ֪жܼʱ֣ʱΪڱԭΧԭֹӰӦø࣬ӣµʱʧ򣡡
⡭
ɡΪ֮Ĭ
һѡ⡣
ҿ쿴ǡĹâ𣿡
һŮָԭ
һ̴Ҷ󷽱ԭЩˮӰ֮УȻһЩɫâȻ̫ۣԿ
ΪЩ̫ǿâҲñԭһӷ·Ϊ״̬Χ籩ѩ˴⣬ԭΪһƬɫ
дΪȷֻ˲
ǶһּܾһˣƱԭҲûʲôΣգȥɣɿС
Ҳͬ⣬һνԭ
ǧף֮ǰǰ㣬ҲЩɽ籩
ʱâҲˣԭָֻ̬˴ԼʮȫһƬţܿҲֻˮӰ˷
һ
һЩڹ⻬羵ıԭǰȻӰһɽ
ҿȥһǳͻأڱԭ֮УǰǺе죬Ҳ
˼ڷ̤ϱɾ󷽣ʦ֣㿴˰ɣǾ벻¶ʮڿ󷽣Χʼԭ̤һ롢ߡʱնûκα仯Ҳûһ˿˿
̫ˣһƬԭһһγ⴦ԭͷӬҵеڣͷԴŴҶ
տޱߵıԭҲһ
ʦ֣ʦ㣬ȻȪ
ɡлɽ£עԭ仯ʱϷԶԶϲ


1820 Ϯ
Ȫ
ͬʱһȻȪ
Ҳȥô̤֮֮࣬űʯܿϱ¼䡣
ԶһͨɽȣȻðһ
ǰѾŮӣˣΧһɶȪΧѰʲô
ŮȪȪˮΪȪ֮Уһ˿˿ͷų
ֵطȻȪع񹤰г̾ϢҲ۲Ȫ
ˣЩɢȪʯƷʶƷƷʯ࣬Ȫ·в
Ȫһ
桢²ڡͨһڵѰһЩʯɶͨʯӣǱʯ
ͨŹκһ鱦ʯռ
úΧҲûʲô֣ȥ
ΪΣ
һ仰˲˼ĬĬȥ
뿪ȪȪñһ󷨷ӡҲڰǰ泯±ԭյغСơ
һˣͻֺҪԡǾȾƣһ
ԭɹʮλӣҪȪ
һĻɽҲٳֹ
ĸǰһƾƣǺ󷽣ԶһڣȴǶʮλһ˿ңİˣȪϷˮ˵Цӡ
һɫĻ
оƣ£ɽӼ䣬ɫֻǴҴ̣Ī⣬Ī⣡
һƾơ
ͻȻƱʾ桢ͨ²ڣһˮӰĻƳХһ
ǼΪƵһĻҲһüѹֵõͷš
ͻȻ뵽ŮˣŮ˵ӰӣϣʵʹȻһڣΣ;翣֮УСһжôʵ
ΪŸɱ²Ҳѵ̹ȻЦ˾ٱ
˲ŷиľƣ̺ҩɵȵϢԼҩ
֮󣬴ѭѪҺաֱڰϡ
ҲͷԵʣںǺɫһĻͱǣһͬǰһͬžƣԺﶼһĻĻΣգǼͻȻؾһһͬȾƣԵøΪ

֮УЩ
ȻһŮӾͻȻӺϮ

ԺԼͬð֣վתͼһæһŮӣ󷨷ɳ
Ǿ˲뿪󷨲Ȼĸ˶ⷽͷŵ¡
ߣ
˿ٷ˶ȥ
գۼ䣬ʧǰҲպÿɡ񡢳ȼŮӣһͷ㷢ʪǿϣҲ͸ˮ
ǶڿȪ֮УһŮӣȪˮץƤͷ
¿ͷҲ޷ֹŮӡ
ΪǣŮΧκιǿڰ͵Ϯ
ǿֹ
˸޷Ǻεԭ򣬵Ůʹ࣬ŰԼ
ʱ´ãһȦȪŮʹ籣£

ȦŮӷȥŮȫѪ϶ץЩѪۣԼָ׶ץˡ
ɺſȦҲڴʱһȦȦס˫֡䡢˫ȡСȶȦס
Ҳ޷ԲС
ʹĵǣŮ˽ܲץѪģӵĶħ
ΪˣǾŮӡ
һʹࣺңңСʲôӡӣʦȾңӿҪŻѿ
÷ӡڣʲôۿĬĬһᡣ
һȣ񣡡
жʱץס󣬲ǰ֪ʲôڣʥΪ޷ѹǶȻҲǴԶԸģ
ţҲȥţġô죿
ȥΪӦò⣬أӵδŵĹ
ǿͷ񼸺ԭء
ವһȪϿգŮӣץһ⣬Ůͷ
˶ڵҵԭ򣬽ŮӾȳ
꣡
Ȼ˸ոշŮڣû뵽Ůزͻأ̳һǴ̡
ǴҲô̴һȦȦƴȻһǴ̡
⡭
˶ͻأһĻŵ˵һ֡
ͻȻӦʲô͵ڿգ֮ŮͷȻҲ̳һǴ̡
вʱ뿪ҲҪǴͻϮС
ʲô⣿ԽɵУ޷Ǵ̣ġ
ҲŵúˣּһǴ̣Ůز̳һǴ𽥻ΪѪɫ
ȡҡ
Ů˻ƺţһ̣ıǿ׾ҲǴ̡
ҽŮ͡䡢ͫҲһѪڹǴ̣شƶ
ʱһ벻ˣ֮С
²ڡ


1821 ħ
ʾ˵ĪѾˣһʱ䷢֣ٳֶƣҲлᣬǶŮڣϢڶƣһжˣ
֣֪ԭ򣿡澪ȡʵ
Ƕ
ҲԳ²ɣ²ȴںΧĿ⣬쿴ʧȥʶŮӣһ⬣ħ֮УЩаħͷֲħ棬Щħǳ¡аԶʱһδħսħ˼䣬ץŮӣ裬湻ˣͽŮӷܷ֮УҺͶħ棬ûգҺȣħܸ£ԻŮڣյħŮڣŮӵδΪħĸ壬ΪħͷħΪħ
侹аħ棿ҳħҲδŹЩţ
ⷬһڣÿ˶о궼ûˡ
ɡУų²ڡ
ͨһڳ̾
²ɫٴοŮӣŮȫǴ̣ҹǴ̿ʼӣħɲħ壬ħֻħĹˣħУںڰʱ֮УԶʱڱˣնɱ󲿷֣ħڰʱ֮УҲǺڰԨֻȥڰԨʿ֪ħţҲżȻģ
Ůʦǡּʹޡ
²ڷ·Ůʹ࣬˵ħ֣Ǵ֮еĴڣѾûˣħӦӳΪħƤң壬øϽͷգħɱȥһҪɱˣ
ʦûţʦ㣡
Ůһӵϣɡǰ
ϧƵ̵Ҳûа취ѡĬ
ضλʦãҿλֵ˵ĺܶԣǹħǿ޷ϣ
ɴӳĬ֮УȪ籣Բסʳˣһ޷ʶء

һŮס
꣡
ȪԣųǴ̣ʶĹǴŮӣһ档
ʦʦ㡭Ů±Ǵ̴ƣڲȡ
̡
ƴ˲ǡûŮ塣

Ůڻз˺ѷεĲҽС
ҽУɶĬĬͷ
ɿ÷ӵ޾Ҳ񷣬ʶǳ֮·඼һĻĻҡ
գŮһ֮УԽ
ɹÿһŮӣһֱ˶ǿͬ飬ΪǰһĻ꣬òĵġ
˿ȻŸмԳ²񣺡λֵܵǼʶҵȶ޷֪Ϊ棡
ֶƽĪԸһΣ޷ǡ߲δݣŮԳ²ڶԣҲӰ졣
̣
˶ã֮£ԿƽʩչͨܿһлΪҽ

ͻȻһǣЩҲΪѪɫžһεħɷ档
һɲǼ䣬ʼ䣡
ħը죬γԽǿʢħɷ̡
ô£
˿ŮȻڻ֮ţħɷ֣̾û˴Ϊ⡣
Ȼ䣬Ƥڲ
ǱյöڷȪ֮УȻһֻֻѪɫëë桯Щֻ糤ûпӴ֣ٶȺǾˡ
ǼȪ·ðֶܷջ棬ǳΪŮڣƤѪ䲻ٵŮ沿壬һ˽ȥ
Χһˣʶħ棬Ůڡ
²סɫΪôħ棿ԾħҪħǿߴСƳһȻ֮еħ棬Դģ֣
ҪǣΪ籱𣡡ͻٴνӡһնȥ
ٴûŮӡ
û뵽ǣȪ֮£ȻӿһЩħ棬ʼʮϰڻ£Ůڡ
޷Щħ棿ǿֲ˹ͨУΪħʿҲһֱ֮С
ಣ
ŮͻȻӻ֮վ²յúڻҴɢǰ䣬Ůʼջš
˵ŵúһʱɹŮӣŮѲǿͬǸͬ顣
̣
һЩħ澹Ůͷ˳ڻ֮УЩħճѪ˿⣬ŮͻȻðͷٴճϡ䶯
ݲôҷӦЩһ𽥳Ϊһһ߸ߵħ棬Ȼû٣ȷ
²ɡУ뽫ħẦɥ
ûߴãֻͨҪˡ
̵ף֮һָץһһɶӡڷŮϷ֡

ӡѹȥȪϷκħ桢涼顣


1822 ħħ֮ź
һ˫˫ڴĿ£ӡɲǻŮӣֻ¡һѪ⡢ħɷ̡飬ȪȪˮҲ󲿷֣ȪΧʮɣҲϿʼ顣
һ̫Ե
ֻǷӡɢʱҾ˿ǴγһģħҲţǹǴ֮С
ΪҲ޷һնɱЩħ棿дŹǴ࣬Щһʱ겻ᡣ
ĶǱģΧԭϢ䡣
²ҡҡͷⲻǸʵ㣬ЩƳǿӦҲҰħ棬ǱǿģԸΪЩħһأɱ˲ŮӣŮ徫ǿ󣬶ҲħǿڰпЩħ棡
𣿡
п²ڵٴβһ
¸£û뵽Ⱥ֮ͨУ֪ħħĴڣ
Ȼһ̣ûϵǣǴ֮Уħڣһ˻ƵЦ
ݣ
ԼͬץٴС
ɡ桢ͨЩˣĸ뾪һĻ̫
жԽƣһʩչΧŶپӡǿңٿǹǴࣺ˵ˣЩƳ涼˰пƣ㣿ħǿߣб³ڰУ
ñʳ
Ǵ֮Уħγ壬΢޵ʵ磬Уץū˶ħԣʳ
²һ̣ɭɭ˵ǵģħͲڰԨ֮УǺڰôħ棬ԪӺڰͨĳַʶħͷǳ򵥣
һһֱħ֮£ħ涼֪٣ܿطһͨˣеͣħһЦ
ϵܣô죿
ȻֻȫЩħնɱɱ٣Ƕ٣Ժγɸħ棬ħͷںڰɽ֮УħһǷҲ򱶣
ħ
˼˼ħɽ磬ؼ꣬ϰˣδ˿Ȼڽ죬ɽ֪
ħͷɲǺڰ磬ڻδЩƳҲ̫ǿǿ㣡
Կʽãʱںڰ磬ʵ̫ˣϣǼСӣԸҴȤ
Ǵ֮Уǵħóǳ
ɲǺڰ磡
ʩչƣ˫ִһȦ
һɷӡɲǹǴΧ֡
ոտзӡƺǴ࣬ǹǴճħɷ̣̻Ϊצ¡¡ӡ󣬽ơɱò顣
˲䣬жʱסüͷһ¶ɫ
ն
ֶָУ˲仮ȥ
һӷӡϷݺᣬХնǴࡣ
ħɷЩצҲΪһֻħ֣صһնħ֮ϣħһħ顣
ħ־Ȼûбһն飬ַճһħɷħָֻ֮ǰǰһץηнץ顣
ħЦ𣺡С壬֣ϧ̫ᣬΪδȹ̣ʵԶԶȲħһħϧˣͶ뱾£ܱǿ
Բѣ
һִͷ£һħ֡
һħһȱն鲻ɺֿʼᡣ
ɡ񡢳ᡢ桢ͨЩˣ޷ǰһΪɱǽͷΧֲ̫ôɶ޷
ֻܿǿߣԶԸħ
ΪԲѣħ֮Уħ֮һħ֮еĻߣͳħǿߣҲͳڰ粻ٰ塢ڰڰʮߣҲÿͿ
Σ
Σ߿סκ㣬ԼЩˡ
Ҫʶҽ飡
һΪһڸΪɼһĽӡ
ӡһȱԴġ
ž
һмȫն¡
ħҲֲץȥָȻħȫն
ֻϧħһֿ̣ʼħɷɡ
еһںܣһССʶȻ
ħ֮Уħ֮һġźħʡ
ħøΪɱҹźħǰϣʵĳ̶ȣ֮һ̫Сˣ̫Сˣ
ն
źħʣ
һᣬ֮ǰһĽһɱħϡ
ǽħնգۼ䣬ħֿʼγɡ
ͻȻ˲䣬ĵ߳һ˫ͫǶаΣĵǣ磬ԼҪģʵڲУһһ취ԸħͷͲЩӶ޷Ը


1823 ħʶʵ
飬ŮӵģǼģһ⣬ȴȻܾ
û˿һ뷨Ҫħ߹źħ־ȥ
²ȴ棬еֵܣɼʶħ
ʱڣ涼ĬĬţħҲҲ̫ʵǿһˣԽʵȻԶԸһħǿʶ
ʵټɽ֮УѾһǿߣԽɣԶʱҲһѿ̫̫֮֮Լǳ֮
޷Ըħ棿
ĪСЩħ棬һֻħ棬ƶǴĴڣΪЩħʹźħʵʵ
֪źħʣ
֪һЩǿ߿У˵ħһЩţϾɽ֮УҲǿߣȥЩڰԨðգЩǿ߻ͽһЩ֪ħħʣźħʾ֮һ
ڣźħʣ
ҲŶħһ˽⣬Ӵ˿Щħֻǹźħںڰƣӵʶħ棬ЩħںʵҲźħ֮һʵ
˼Īǹźħʱǿ򱶣
ǿ󡣡
²ڵףͨüͷҲ΢΢͸֮ɫ
ǰżȻ֪ڰʮߣû뵽ּʶħħʵʵڰ翴Զ֪ĸΪǿ󣬳ּʶ̾ϢҲֳ²֪Ķƺж֪
ֵʱ䳤ˣȥĵطˣӴҲʱ򣬾Ȼ֪ЩʱţصҪطźħʻĳֶΣҵҪƿ

ղԹˣѾһ˼ҪźħʻܣָоӦúһ桢ȥһ£ǲܱƣȿ
š
Ȼһǰ𵴶
ԲΪǰʮιԹǴħɷħ֣һδαնϣһδɡ
ǴħɷһֲѾ۵ɫ԰ף亹һεδüͷ°ͣȫʪ͸
̫ˣСӣɱʶħʮ⡣
ĪţҲĪҷִ磡Ȼɢޣдʱ쳣侲
²ͻͷǸ˲ţܼʱɱʧûһźħ֮У
磬ֶԸħͷǰһʱԵгʲô⡣
á
оͬˡ
ħӹǴ࣬ЦСӣˣ̫С˰ɣϲŮǰһث֣ӮŮģ
ħͷҲϵйתߡ
ݣ
ħ֮УָȻΪħӰ͵ϮС
ҪͷԼžһħӰסħӰ˲仯Ϊһ֡
ֽץס޷ɳһ硣
⣬ɱ
Ȼܲȣϳ
սʣҪ֪ߣñߣħץסУƾͻȻ޷ѡ
䣡
һ̣ɱɡǿɱնħ֮ϡ
Ҳһ̣ӣᵽɱʮ޷׻ɱħʵԭ
˽ħ֣Ȼûħʧȥκħ⣬飬ΪƬ
ħͻȻЦСŮǴŮ֮úãζ̫ˣһӵУǴŮ֮ѪñЩħǿ󣡡

ϣ
ͻħץסŵУһ汦һץһն
䣡
һâȻ׾٣°ؽħնҲգסŮ
һɽ͸Źӽ⣬ǽ뽣һӡҫ
۽ɽ
һǹɽϲ
ȷǸ۽׷ͨʥʷӡγͲ֪ǺƷʣһʼǶûǿڱһڵ۽ɽݺɽ󲿷ֵطˣּ²ڣҲͷ
ɶԭӵһڵ۽׹ʾͲˣ
ʧȥħ֣
ùźħ߳ŭֻ¡һǴڷһըʱһѪȻ뷢˲ԳԽɰٶȣˡ
⡭
ɡ׵壬ȻѪֲ֮Ѿľͷûжκζ
ǡ
һ˼ʱӦ
У
ʨһŭ񣬴߶ɽ˲һת߳ж֮Ůǰ
Ѫ˲ûǡ
˲䣬桢ͨ²ڡȶʮˣҲѪû
ǼˣҲûзӦҲ޷Ӧ
ǼٶȲᣬȻͷ֮˲˿һŮӰѪһ̶֮Լ󱲡


1824 
˹ˡͨͻȻѪҲѪû
Ůӣ˿ӦűѪû
ಣ
Ѫ֮Уͻ²ڶˣͬʱӳһ⣬һЩŮȥ
䣡
ѪҲûԼŮӡ
һзڼϢ֮䣬ٿˣѱѪûΧһﶼаѪش
Щ֪Ҳñǰòĵˣ
ΨȪ֮ϣǹǴ΢΢طš
ڲ涼΢΢䶯η·һǰѪռ䡣
ݣ
ڹźħʵ䣬û뵽Ѫ֮УͻȻһĨаƣһӹǴǰУ˳
ܣǴ෢
꣡
˲̶ϹǴ̣Ҳħɷ֮С
һȺϣΪ֮Уǿڣˣˣóźħûһʹ࣬ħֻԵúܳԾˡ
㲻ǰ֣
󷽣²ڴ޿һ߳
ǴħΪ㣿ϣû֮ǰǸеǿ󣡡
ħַʲô໴Ц֪ˣԭʵⲿħ棬ҪУǱʵһʧħ棬ǿߣ֣߱ɽһ̣һֻ㣡
²ڲƽ飬ǻһָǳ²ڣһһ֣סˣ˶ҡɡҵңҲɽźħʣ
ħХһЦɣ²ڣЩ࡭ʼסˣ
𣡡
ּ²ںݺݵһѹǴལ
䣡
ǽ˲Դݿ֮ڹǴ౬ըըöΪ˺ħɷ

Щħ汻ըɢһˣһֻ
ʱȥˡ
²ҪЩŹƳ֣ɻͷһЩѪʧ·ӦʲôͻȻƾʧȥ
ʱѪʧ
Ȫ֮ǰСɡλãѪɢʱܿһâΪɡ
ˣâҲвѺۣâУвѪۣЩѪڱħ
ѪҲɢ࣬ܿһųһŮӡ
һ಻ԶһħɷѪƯţǲǷһѪ
лл
ǳ²һ⣬Ϊһ޴䣬סɹŮӣǾСУԳ²ڸмѡ
ǡ
֮Ƿ桢Ѫϣȴһ߾ɹŮʬ塣
ܻģҲͱ²ڱǰŮӣ汣һɣɹʮŮӣһѪɱ£档
ʬ嶼ѪоѪ
Ϊλ㣿
ѹɽ
ɡתôŮʬ壬
ڻʹĵʱ򣬹źħʲǽ˭޷뿪бκһ˶Ҫ侲ʾŮȪһ
лʦܣ
һŮӣһ㣬ͬŽñɱǲ޷æԼ޷ԿѪ
벻һ̣ǵˣȻһͨ۵ӡ
һħɷѪǰͨ
ˣû£
Ѫûֻ֣֮ͨȥӦˣֻǲôء
ͨµؿЩʬ壺ʩչѪ֮Ŷһ٣ҲҪ
ҪΪڵӱɱħ棡
ͷһơ
ҼæӿȥſȪ֮УǹǴѾûжħɷħȪ֮С
ɱ
ħ棬ǿѹֵŭͳͳץɽɱһҲһħ档
ۣ
ħҲ֪ΪΣûиճǰħɷϢҲ٣˽ɱһһħ档
һʼס֮󣬱ʻǣħ޴ڡû뵽һЩƳڣ˶ʱëȻԹźħʵ
ʮϢħ󲿷ֱնɱһȪˡ
ˣħ̺ħѪҪռҲڹƳѪҺںϣͻƴɸף
ڳһڶҶڷɡ
ͨȥôСһħʬȡߣħЩħѪҲδŹ
ͨͻȻһΪǴ֮УһڣֱǴࣿ
˻Ϊʲô쳣һܿǴϣһ۴ƹǴ̣ǰ󷽡
ԭǴ౻ˣýɽһ̴
ֲãֲãħճǻᣬһħħɷµĺܣղȴնɱǴĪϵ
εþȫ޷ýвǴ̣һ̴ܴǴ̣
д𺳿Žڡ
ҷڴʱףΪħնɱԭĳǿߣشźħʣȻһ̹źħʹǴӦûǿ
кȻɡΧ˭ҵڴ˶лǰ֣ǰҵȣ
˺޲ʱնɱشźħʣ˷ܻɱħ棬
òл


1825 ԭ
ͨռħʬ壬ͽǲƹǴ̴Ȫ֮Уɲ⡣
ء
ɡʮӣЩɹŮΧʹ޾ǳĬ֮ǰһö
²һ࣬Ȼ̸ȻҪΪǿߣ֮·͵ÿЩ޷ƣԶ˰
ЩŮӣȻԣİģģĮҲʹ˵ףˡѲ޶ã
ֵܣֳҼ̫࣬ҲܶΣǰûһλѣǰҲŭڣΪ𣬿ֻѡʵԼֵƽҰѿزˣֻҪţҪˣǿߣҪһǿǵĲ࣬ͨ³ǿŵģΪǿ߶̹ȻҲһ̾ͻǿ֮ģǿҲһ㣬Ǵģ
ҵͬ
汻²ⷬŪתһЩ
ͨȥ棬ʬһ߾߱Ӵʬ壬ǲĵȻһЩ֮ǰöˡ
ʬڷȪɳŮСΪʬϴΧĬĬȴš
ʬһ𣬱գʱʮʬԻΪǻңٱһ
뿪Ȫ߷壬ڲǼγһɽȣѰһ֣ҿʼϢˡ
ˣЩħ涼ǺöڹƳ澫ѪںϣԴɱ䣡
ͨ棬ħʬ֮󣬵õô
ħǹźħĴڣ±ˣɫӦһԣ֪ħĲ
磬ħ̫ˣȻһ֣Ȼ͸
һɡչС
ʩչһһأһҺ֮УӽУʮָСѪۣѪ״̬
һܼ֣βò뿪أȻħҪҵҺ˿ڣѪûԱ仯εҡҡͷ
Ҳûа취
һ̣氵иͨȥԣħ
Ӧⲻ󣬸պںħһЩѪƶⲻҪ֪Ƴ棬ǴʮĴڣȹźħҪǿͨȥ
ɡ񶼺ܾͨһʥΪԽɵľͷ
ҲܻɣҲûѡҽʲô취ԡ
˭֪ȴʱŮУԭͨɹбʮ˿ڣһ㽫žħɷ綾
ŮӣὫͨİ˿ͨһ̾һǿߣڵõЩŮϿɡ
Լ죬ͨŽħɸɾҲǶͨмֱһԴ
ƾͨһ񻯶Ҳ㹻κǿ߿Դ
ֹȥһ꣬ƽԻָ࣬ȥûʲôֻ뿪صԭ֮С
ʱһĻĻˮΣںɣȻƽ羵ı档
ʮСǰţҲڿտյΧѰʲô
䡭
󣬱ԭȻһ޼ʵˮΡ
һ̣Сɡ£ߣѰ
һ𵴴ҲͻȻ𣬵Ҳ΢΢𶯡
һٴνϢɤۣҲ෽ʲôֻˮĻҿͷ
ǵ𵴺ƾճ֣ӦҲûκη֡

ԭգɸ߿յĵطһӵͿձ֮һʿѪ˳
ƾճһˣ
ж޷γ²ڵЩѩأһЩǿ߲´󣬶ѩںϣͻΪһȻκֱѩ֮أ͵ڽһȻ˸޷ϢһδξԼΧЩˮ޴ڣñԭһпȥտյҲһǿĶЧѾס˾Ǵһģ
𣿡
һ²һ˵š
мʶҲһãȻ
һ뵽²֮ǰħħʱ˿̣˾ˣû˲š
Ȼ
֮ǰƾڳ²ڸո˵꣬ǰҲϢִʲôûˮͿգһˡ
ͬǣһûްգֳһˣǰǱɱˣɱɽ
мһĻɵöԳ²ڸ߿һֵۣ˵һҲʲôû֣ҲǱԭûˣֻǱһԭʱգ޷һУ
΢΢һԽüҲǴԭ֮УҲʲôŪЩɱɱȥҲȥ
ã
Ҳϵͷ˱ԭôãһλᡣ
ɡ񡢳һŮӼһԲӻ֮ǰһĻ


1826 ̻
С²ڡ桢ͨ˷ǰԽʱɱ
һ˼ô˷ԭնɱˣȴתƬˮĻ֮С
ȥһʬ鿴˷ȴһŮɹ𣿡
ǰһɹӣǣ
ԷһˣΪҲʹһ죬ͬʬ壬æԼ̻ᣬȥɹҲɹ
ϴɻǵ̻᣿
ǰ֮Уͨ벽
̻ᡭ
һЦȻ޷ǣ̤ɽһ̣ɽһˣ̻ˣЩ뺦ǣǼ˵ˣû뵽̻
˵ԭ̻ᣬǿͥһ̻ᣬΪŪǱ˭ɱǵˣ
˵һЩɢ޻к豦̻֣·ɱǣЩ˱޳ܡ
һǰشϢϣɹǶԸЩˣЩֵգʱ̻һشл
⡭һȻԥ
òԥ̻ɱǺ豦̻ᣬǾɼҿģɡɿѡ
Ϣ
ʱֻ漫٣һЦǺǡڵģ߳ǰ빪ǰ
ûʱ䣬ЩֵܾҪ棡ȴںҲû࿴һۣתǰ羵ˮΡ

ۣ
գۼ䣬һĨתӲӴݺݵնѪԷͷѾ
Ѫۡ۵ر䣬һѪڰš
㡭
ͷ­ڰշӵɴ˫ۣſǰһ꣬ĮؽԼնɱ
ֻͷ­ģգɱûһ顣
㡢棬ΪͻȻɱˣԷ̻ᣡ
ֱʱ˲Żǳᣬһŭ̻ͥһ豦̻һĴڣҲм飬ǣ㡭
˻һЩδӱ֮߳ɹŮӣҲǳš
һΪҪɱ̻֣һֻ֪һʥһͨǿߣҳɱһɣ
֪̻ᡣ
ʱɡҲ˳鼱֮ɫ˵Ǻε飺棡
ֽͷʬģںɱһɣɱԭλʦ豦̻ṫѰɣҿɼǵõһ·ͬţյΪ壬նɱ̻ǿ߲ɣ
˲Ƶ̵ƿԣɹŮҲסȻʵˣ࡭
Ŀ֮£иԭ򣬵ǵΧðգǼ߳ɹһһ̻ᣬиȴˣֶΣǼͨˣıǵܲȻǸᣬȻ̻˲а
˵˶Ĭˣɣ˵һζĻʹ㣬ҲӦȰйͨɱ̻֣һ֣Ǵȥɹ鷳ûȫ㣿
ͨͻȻЦǺǵض񣺡ʦ㣬˵ǿɱˣҪɱˣɱ޺޼̻޷鵽ͷϣ
ʦ㡭ǿҲΪɻ̬⻹һƵ̵Ӹеľֹ
ֵɱĺãɱĺãɱĺã
²ͻȻ֣ڳ޵˲ҲˣԴ˾ͲҪ˻ڵ£гرһħıؾ֮·ͻơɽʱЩźһֱģԶȹý٣룬ˣźȥΪʹһ£
ϵ˵ɱĺãҶЩνҲǿ˳ۣǵУȻҲվ̻һ
뿪Ƿ֮أ豦̻ǹϵȻã̻Ҳǣеʱ򻹵ùȫ֣Ĭ֮󣬾ôҸϽ뿪
ֽͨһߴʬ壬ġ
ϧʱɱһ˿ռ䣬ɱ̻֡ʱͷһƳ濪ʼڡ
һʱ˺ȻͬߵԭͷǰˮΡ
ͷһϲɹŮӣЩ뿪⴦ĵء
ȽˮΣŮǰֵĲѩء籩Ȼһԭ
ŮӶŵٴβΪЩϣʱʱһʬܶطɱۼ
мһУ˻ǰƺһֺܴɽƾǳϵԣǱԭȻ֮Уһռ䣡
²ףԭںϣˮξγɣǴʱ뿪ԭףΪڱԭĳȻռ֮У
λ
һ·ϣδ˵һ̣ӣжɹʧأٵ䣬Ǿþ뿪ԭȻð֮ãص


1827 ּ
зǳͨŮҲãϾ⴦ԭҲֻһδ֪յأ֪յжδ֪ΣգȥҲãʱ뿪յأ
񣺡ʦֵʱһˣ
ʱȻڱ󣬲߾ߵģѰҳ·ȥǰҲ뿪Ƭִ̣ͷǰ
ãһ΢΢𵴣ǰ
ܿԶԶͿһƬɽڱգɽƲʮһƬܿһдѩԶԶȥɽĳɫƬ˯
ڿɽû뵽һĨ⻯Ϊâһâһѩա


âպڼϢʧ
۾ˣɽ־ɡҲŵӸϽȥ
ѸоǿϢд֣Ǳɽ֮жᱦǵģɽһմͷУÿ˴
氵ںظӦ֮ܿҲɽΧڱɽֻǱԵشѷʮϢ
ɽôӴжǿߣ
̤ɽڲиͨѩɽصγɸ¡ȣα֮ǰΣնˡ
ܿӦһЩˣһⰵͷϢҲȥҲԭز˻Ϣ
ЩﶼȥᣬƲǲ룬һǲȥ
ҶϢɺȻһˣ豦̻ṫҲ棡
ɣ
ǿˣɹŮӣһ˿˿ɡ
Ȼ
ʮ쿿ɽһ̣ǰҸһ嫱ɽɽ֮Ư
ͻȻһĨâɽ֮һ⣬˺ѣâջ޷͸˺
б⣬Ūþѡ
ಣ
˲Լ֮ͬ£ɹŮڳϺҲʱȥ
ǧ·Ҳһֿº桢ͨ²ԼһЩʥŮϢһδα⡣
ܿһ޴ģسڴǰ͵ؿȥһɽ֮䣬˴ݵĳ
ݣ
ͬʱࡢϷȻʮ⣬һһ죬ԭΧͬâǿߣһʱ
һɽâϽΧпܼһʿᱦס
Ҳ˷ѣֶ˵Ȼ⴦ɽüӦöƺûǿߣǴɣǻˣ
ΧϢǽ֮жǴ
ûֳԽɵĴڣǱпܱǼ˵õ
һļɳ⡣
Խڼɽ֮޴Ԩͷ
ಣ
ΧķɳһˣǽǴɣһ㿴ңҵŵ㣬ȿֺ
Сӣүү·Ҳҵ
һߣһŽǡ
ҲϷǰУ˺û뵽ոռ٣Ҳ
ϣ
߶죬˲䣬ɽһץһ缲к
֪˸ã˭ֲã߾ȻУŪͨںһ֮⣬Цúϲ£졣
ʰʰǣһȺСƤȻͨһ仰Цŭӡ
ӹ֮ǰֻһնɱУֹȥõ

һʥ۷ɽ
Ȼ֪ɱһɽǰһץͻȻɽץߡ
ǡ
䣡
֪ϢԽɽɱϧԴץ飬󿴳һԽɵĴڣҲˡ
ȻԽʥǴ󲿷УĴڣϧԽɵĴڣǾټ磬ǿߡ
ʬǺö
˲׵ǣʬǰ䣬˳Ҳժȡϴ䣬ʬûˡ
ͨȴڵһʱ䣬ʬץġ
ɱҲû˿ݣüͷҲûգ£һ汣ˣһͷǰ
Ϣ֮˷ԨԨô£ߺĵģΪ״ڱ֮УһСģҪ̳⬡
ҲǰԨ
ڳʥˣϢһδα⡢顣
ͻȻ֣΢΢
һ̣·б̣ҲһӨ֩Щ֩ÿһŴչеĴʮɶ
ҸոռЩ֩ûüʲôЩ֩ͻȻʼһһЩӰٴԨȻһֻֻɫ֩롣
һ̾ڷĵԨֻ࣬Щ̫أ
ȻУЩԨ
ܿһЩ׷ɱȻ̫࣬ϾԨ֮УӦԶ֮ϡ
֣ȥϺ󣡡
ۿԽԽ²˵һ䣬ȻͨԥȥŮ󷽡


1828 ̳ʯ
ɹһЩŮӣ桢ͨĿͲһˣſ쳣Ŀ⣬û˵Ҳʲô˼ɡûԨ
ǣ
ͨʩչʥ۷ƣץһɻǣַΪһ಼仯Ϊ潣նЩ
Ҳһ˿
Щ˿͸ſ潣նͱЩ˿ס˫顢֮С
²Ҳû𹥣²ץһЩЩɳȥڰ֮зգЩɵ棬ֻ˿Ϸ
ټͷһ˷ջ棬ʩչͨƣѾɹסʮֻ޴ơ
û·׷ȥܿ׷ɹŮӣһǧ˽Աǧһɫ

ʣǹξǳ
Ѿ˿һԨ֮У˼ӿٶȣԨΪˣ˴ɣ桢ͨЩʥٶȡϢٶȣ֮ǰ˲١
ɿһĻͻȻС·Ȼˣ̫ΣգȥȡҴŵȥǣ
ȷΪ֮ߣǾǼȥͬˣֿ桢²ڡͨᣬǼܶԸġ
ŰʥŮӶϷмϳһŮӣˣٱƽԨ
ȥǧԨɣϢҲ⡣
⻹µģÿ˿·һЩǳԾ
ڽɫϷһֻֻȻɡʮɣʮֻЩ·ڱ֮һ̳Ǳ̳һЩɫʯһƯڱ̳֮С
бΪƴɣҲȵĺܣ̫ˣЩСٱͨѾʥʵִʵҲڴɣ
治壺ǰȡǿϧˣʯĳֺʯɹã
еСľǣһȥʼһСģ׼ᣬȡʯܶȡǼ飡
ಣ
һһιϷȥ
ֻһҽУǰԶŰףһɱһͷУԴҧ顣
ſЩҲ˹
ˣģ
ֱӽɽȡһͶõ۽ɽ
һͷɶ·ű¡̴ȷﵽɺܾ˸߶ȡ
ڣ˿Ӵ

Щ˿ȴֲо۽ɽնһââЩ˿Ϊ촷ۡ
꣡
˳ƶ£âն˼ӲҲв۽ɽһһΪʬ֮໩
飡ۼ⣬֮УһŰɫӣһᣬͽһŴɸ߶ȡ˹
ʱ£´ǰ󷽡Ҹͷɶ
ʦ㣬ȥȡȻϺ󣡡ʱȻͨ²ڷɳһ⡣
ǵģ񡢳һŮӣֻĬĬܡ
浭ףҡҡͷֶһǱǸΣգǰʮɶ
ͨһ֣Ҳץʽɽɱһ
ǰɶնһһ߶ۣʹ̲ҽС
һ̣һǰ飬Ҳһͷɶһնơ
ĪǱ̳ĳһλǿߣȻģ
һᣬһ˾ǧǰȻһƯı̳״
̳һԲ󷨣պڱ֮У鱦ʯǶ
ҾҲǳȻôãγεıʯ̫ˣҲãʯв٣Ӧһٶ飡⣬ֳ⡣
һâա
ۣ
һɴâ֮Уͬʥɽһ׹·Ԩ
ЩѶԸԽԽ࣡
󷽣
桢ͨ²˱ʮͷΧ׷ɱѾնɱֻȴ޷˦ǡ
㣡
ٲֶΣЩ
˫ӡˣٽӡ֮󣬴Ŀٷȥһʹ㡣
ͻϮʮ֮趯צ˿һͷɶ
䣡
˲ͻͻȻըһ׹⣬ըϳһһɶѪڡ

²ڲ㣬𺳵ˡ
һ޷ɱɾˣһ㲻һ̣ͷʮ㡣
Ѫ֮Уٴںϵնһż򵥡Чͨ
ϵںϣٶȡƻˡ
²ץı˿ֵܣͨʵʵãһϵͨز
ʮɳʵѪֻ࣬ǽϵӳУ


1829 ɽж
ףΪҲҪһżģϵͨ

ֱ˿ϱȶ±˲ϻɱǸûк£һ˼Χɱ²ڿԲŲæԸ桢ͨϽܿЩ
Щڱԭ֮£ǿԨܽʵ
潫նɱʬ֮УһſŴڵռЩڵԸ桢ɿ󡢺ţ
ǺЩڵԺΪʺϺƵɴڵʵﵽɿһ߶ȡ
䣡
Ϊɱɱƣʱʱ׹䣬ϡڱ̳һ뼫ǿնɱӱ̳֮Ѱʯ
ˡ
һסһ߿̳
˻ԵֵΧɱȻ淢ڣĳֶڲһɶͷš
һ΢΢һ
ɽ
ãһڽռڣɽ΢΢ͷһȦǿɫҪںƵġ
ԹѽһֶԸɣƺɽϣоս⡣

֮ʣʩչɽѹֶΣá
鿴ɽû뵽ͨԪĵ£ҲɽͷŽĵһַյİ޵شԽزأ˲ռ䡣
޵Ļ棬ɽ΢΢ƳһЩâϽ⡣
ɽͻȻжĵҲɽϢΪģҷգδ
ĪΧĳطӵɽһϢΪԭ򣿡
ɽܾͻȻ˶
ҪǣƽʱɽʱɽδͷǿҶ֡ѽĵطںɽǧ꣬涼޷ɽǿϢʱȴΪĳԭʵˣ
ĵҲӳɽϣͷԡ
ϧʱΧû취ҳԭ򣡡˲ɽˣʩչ㣬ϻҪϱըըһѪ
ʥһΪʵҲʹﵽʥ£߲Ԫӳ֮У߲Ԫϱ㣬ںȻܴﵽɸ߶ȣ
ʥһʩչͨնɱʵ
˵²һֱ࿴ϤͨҲ֮Уզ顣
Ҵ߶㲻Ѷֻ߲ԪȽϵˣϾ߲Ԫ
䣡
󣬾̳һ
ͻȻһâ۹â
תһǱ̳âնЩǿɱУҲС񡢳ˡ
ʦܣǿȳȥΪڻʦʦ˳õһЩʯǼ뿪֮ǳᴫ
ߣ
Ҳٹȥ̳ȡʲôʯǿ߲٣Сȥˡ
ͷʮ㣬͵ʮϵƣΧ֮бը˳ƷϷɱҲ²һƸѹѪɫ촷ۡ
²Ƽ򵥣Ȼɱᱬɽһ͡޼᲻ݵƻ²ڶѰͨжôġ
κͨٲڼҲʼʱ֮УκֻͨͨҪȥҲЩͨ࣬²ڴʱչֳƣ
һ˲ڰӱ֮ɱоһʱֶȹһƽ١
صϣɾʹŰʥŮӸϣһ˾Ȼûˣһ𺳣Ҳұ֤ƴΪȥԨһ˶մȾϡ
ಣ
ӰٷɳСųỹһŮӶЩǱǾȻˣǱһѪۣһ߶೤ճѪƤ
Ϊҵȣŵסǿ͵Ϯ򲻻ˣź̵˵
Ҹط֪ǵõʯһ׷ɱǣ
ߣ
һԪͷţҸϿ뿪Ԩ
Խһ߸ѩ壬һͨѩ֣ҵ󷨣ΧѩΪѩٽƶС
ƶڣ󲿷ŮӶ²Ҳһͨ
һƺڽ
桢²ǰһõʮʯʦƽ֣ǵõһʯҪϽɹͨӶܶ£˱£һ·´ͣҾΪɹһһʯ
²һʯǳԽʯĴڡ
Ȼˣȴûеͽʯ£Ϲأ㣬Իɹ˵
ɱǵ̵ӣȨгµѣǰɹСлɹӣ
ˣץӡֱһʯ
ʯ
ϸһƣʯʯʵ࣬ΨһɫϢһʯϢմȾԣʯǿٱ


1830 Ůӵ
һʯԽһʽ׷ǿҪϧҲУɽʯˡ
²Ҳһ顣
ʵָһӣ²ֽʯͨ
ͨһֱ˷״̬ϧʯ
ֻ̳²ڣԼɿ
ʯ٣ֻУɽκߴأȻҲԣżм¼ߴشԶһֱдЩеֱ׹뷲磬еĽɽʱ֮У֡
²ڶ˵ҪʯÿʯжǿʢʯӦֻͨʯڵʯ̵Դ󣬻ʹõΪ棬;Ϊܶʽס۽׳һƶɣҲʦʯƵҩҪһʯǴҲûʵ
ͨ󣬿۽磬ͬҲΣǵõʯҲûô
Ƚʯ֮УӿʯںٶȣҲܸ֮дһż²ֻЦЦҡҡͷ
ְɿ
Ļش𼸺²һģʯֻгԽɾ磬ֻܽʯƸ
ˣ
ڴѩУҲΪѪƶ
Ȼ
֮е棬һڵڵ֮Ƹڣɿ桢ţ
ںڵԼȥںϣŴɼڵʵôǿ󣬻Ǻ
Ҳڴڵ֮оվͨԼڣʬ壬ʱʱʬΪѪĸɣҲǳ¡
֮УһϤٴ
һɽ΢΢ͷһɫ
һΪ֮ǰɽжڱԨ֮ʲô𣬿ԭ֮ϣǳֶΪΣ
ɽΪѽ⡣
ɽһڣÿһɽǴ֮дڣһ̣Ϊããĳԭʱգֶ
ȻˣҾʩչǧʱԼСǧܲ±ԭյʱգ֣
ɽֶ޷֪ԭʵԾ
߶ط˵ܴɽʱ֮УҵһЩԭܽ⿪Ҳ˵
Сǧ࣬ԽоԽǺ嫣ǧʱΪҲЩϾڣСǧǧĳ
ɽΪ룬߶طĵ¿ʼա
Сǧǧʱ󼸺ƣִͬΪӿɽ
ﵽһ߶ȣŸӦСǧǧʱͷȻ֮⡣
״̬£طɽϢӿԭ߿ձ֮С
һ졢졭
Լº󣬾Ȼû˿ϢֵǣɽȻ΢΢ͷϢʩչСǧǧʱһֱûз֡
ĪҴ߶ǺãҾȫ߶ط
аˣ
ɽжɴ߶СǧǧʱȻûһջ
̫ѰˣҲֻʣһ취ȫ߶ط
ֹ˼죬ûз֣Ҳûб̫ϣҲɽֻżȻֶˡ
̣
֪һº󣬻ͷطԼ֮е棬һĺ⣬Ӱ˷֮УԺ
亮оֻš£ǿ͵ϮȻû˿֮
ֲ
ϾͨԪ֪һ޵ǵ޺һ޷Ĵڡ
֣Ҳ֡
һ̣һŮӵĵźϯԪ󣬾ͨԪΧ
˭
˭־Ԫ
æ߶ӦҲƸʶһӦΧϢ
ѩ⣬ֻ桢²ڡᣬûжʿûһŮˡ
ˣ
Ȼûз֣Ů˵꣬ڶʼص֮ʣɽͷŽ֮ǰΪǿһЩ
ۿԿɽɫ͸ޱǵһͷԵ
Ƹ飬ΡΡؾ̾⡢Ǵ֮еɽ̫ˣˣ⡢ϷҶо£ɽһ֮ܽҸˣ
ȴûɽӽ뵽ǰ
͵صһںĪ֮ǰǸŮɽǿҷӦɽһʼжʵΪŮӣ
ཱུˣԺܽɽҿռ񣬽Ὣƻģ
Ӧϵ۽׷Ӧﵽʮ֮⣬Ӧüˡ
֮ҲŮӣǶԷֻͨɣСǧǧʱͷδŮ˿ӦǾͲǡ
Ǿ˭
֣Ҳ֡ȫͷŸӦǸŮֳˡ
Ӱ˷رִӽ±ɽǱѩʯ


1831 ͬð
֣Ҳ֡
ʲôǽ֣Ҳ֣˭˭
طͷ״̬£޵غϣŮӿԻӦϣҵŮӾ˭
˭ΪɽΪ㣬˶ڱõںǧ꣬δ˶㾿˭ɽʲôϵ
ûз
ڷõɽʼһֱ뾡취ɽõɽ
ǣ
ɽ̫ǿˣԼʥҲ޷ɽ֡
ʱòԭ֮УΪŮӶɽֶȻҵɽܵһѻᡣ

ϧ󣬻ûз֣߶ط̫ྫҲûа취ֻܷ
ƸԪƯͨԪǰˣŮᵽ壬塭
طһӷɣٴλص״̬飺壿ôʲô壿
ǷˣϹΪϵĴڣټɽ磬֮У塢塢壡
塢塢壿
ǷˣЩ࣬Ǳɽ磬ǷɽˣǸ߼壬ӵзǷ塢֮ϣ֮УΪСҲģŮ˵֣Ҳ֣ʲôϵϡǵãԶʱ巢ս
ս˶֣
ҾͲˣԶ֮¡
塢塢壬ʲôħ壿
ԣ塢塢ʵ࣬⣬塢ħ塢壬ںڰԨЩ壬Щ壬в塣
֣Ҳ֡
Щ滹һͷˮȻŮǾ仰
֡
Ҳ֡
ĪǾɽ
ǺΪҲ֣
գʲô֣Ůӣһԭĳطδܷ֣ԼΪԺǿˣһҪѰһ
⴦ԭǸŮӾĳطֻûиĪʵ޷ҵĴڡ
ϢԼ£ɡе˴ƶ뿪
󷨾ۼһûлرС²ˣڵϹǲòðգҪȥյΧȥ빬ϣ
յأŮʧɫ桢ͨҲ⡣
С²Ȼû˵ҲΪ档
ɹһֱܴȻԭ򣬼֮һŮɣס
ʱ񣺡ʦ㣬յ
һȫûϵ滹Ҫִȥյðա
ѣҪãһˣţʲô⣬ʧ̫ˣҾǹأҲ
ͨȻϡ
һ뿪⴦ԭȥ棬ٷֿȻ涼֣ɡûмȰǣΪǷߡ
Ҿͻʹ뿪⴦ԭ
Ҫʹ뿪ԭ
ȷɳɽããˮΣ޷巽ֻһ취һֱߣһ߳ԭ
ڼ䴩üˮ֮бԭռ䣬û뵽꣬˲ڴһ߳ԭΧ
ԭܴ滹кܶϧûûöþʹӱԭɳ棬ٴλصյ½ء
ɡٶ潻һҲǣһŮӣбΧ
֣Ҫһȥðգտķ֮У綼ɫȻƯɫʯҡ
桢²ڡͨĿСɹŮȥ˽ʯû
²Цݣһܺãⲻ͵õһʯܵõһѾûаһˣȻҲżûʲô飬һȥ˵Ǵ󣬿ǿ鳤ʯ
ã
һ̣תɽȡ
·˭Ҳû뵽һټرԭɹʮŮӣ䡣
ﻹһɽжŮӡ
ǿ֮һģ
ĿյٽԭһסˣʣĳһǴ˵֮е
𡭡
ºʯƯš
һЩ˴һʯֺɳ˷桢²ڡͨǸոսȥȥѰϧʲôû
һϤɵԪĳʱմ
ڰ
ͷԪȴ޷ӦڰڰȴԪӷҸϣһˣ
˭
ˣ
ټ֮Уˣ
˺٣ҸȤ˸٣
ڰԪżζӷ͸Ǵɽ㵱ʱЩɥǸ֣
˵
֮ͻȻбĳһ֡


1832 
棡
ڴЦɽѩԭħ֮УǸưԵĹ棬һŹŽһЩǿߣԼɽھ뱾һðգ
桭
ˣϸ룬أҲ֮С
ֻȻ뵽һ㣬ǰǿ߻֣ᵽԹŽ̫ݣصŽãͿƹŽʵӦøΪǿˣ
ȷǿڿһʮӣӵϵڰһ޷Ӧһңĺܣһ֣һٶѰ
˼Ը棿
ʵǿ٣ԸԽɵĴڣѾ£ϱڳΪʥʵҲдɸ߶ȣֵĻҪԸҲǲܣʱյ֮У޷ʩչ٣ԺҪԸڻıȻԸѡ
ҿյضԸ棬ֻɰա
ٺ٣ˣҲڰǣԼڸԼڿӣոҸӦǿ߰и棬ԭһȻǺɽǿߡ
ɽ䣿治Ǻɽǿ𣿺ɽʲô
ȵȣȥץʣ
Ƭ̼䣬ھͰ
棡
ʱعó²ڡͨͣһɽ塣
²ڿʲôʵֵܣΪͻȻЩţ
²ڣϵ֮󣬲صĵƺпܣҪȥԸһǿߣǿߣ֣ȥѰɣ
Ըǿߣжǿʲô
֪²ڲûк£¶Цݣһ·ϣҼκǿߡţأɼǿߣ治򵥣
ĳͨȥɽðգͥһɱ棬˳˭֪һֳأҾ룬ѰȻ£ҶԸûһܣأܶһЩڿǣǲҪץסλᣬھؽѹ
֣ʵѾɣȷѲֱǿԴ֮ʮֲȷ׶Ը
ҵķڻĪ
Ҿ͵ţҪ¶˼Ը֣ҾһȥҲһλԵҲ˵
²ھȻЦݣ̸¡
ˣ
βŻع²ڻһ˼Լص
𣡡
˲ѩ֣Լһ󣬺ڰӷ͸ոץסһɽǿߣϻ֪Ѿɽ乫УһαװɹŽӣȶ¹ŽȨֽԴдߣһ˳ưԹŽưԺɽ䣬Ӷɽ䣬壬ɽǿҲҪ棬Ҫأɱˡ
湫Ȼɽ䣿û뵽һϢ
ΪһȻںɽ֮£ҺɽǿѰҰ취Һûᣬɱһ벶棬ʵܿ
ǾˣǸϹϣ
֮Ҳһûᣬ
Ȼζ֣ҪҲΪڰ
ʵԽɣܶǹһ֣ʵܶô죿
ԣԽǿȻʵԽǿ
гԽʵζʵҲѳԽɡЩɡ
𡢷һģǷǱǿһںϣʵȻһġ
˽ʯҾѹӢƯţʮͨѸоϢ
һɽˣ޹ʬǺڻԭ֮УǹֳѨ
ಣ
ͿշһӰ
ȷѪ߳ƣֻơһ£²ǰӰΪ档
桢ͨȥʱһµķһѸ׶
濴ȥȻһò䣬ֻ·ڰϢһ
󣬼һͬǰƫҰɫɽд²ڣһӡǳ˲򵥣
õģһ·ͬУۣһħǿߣҲԽύ
²ڲ
ʵӼ²ǵһۣҲܲ򵥣Ҳ˵
Ǹһ𰸣ǿӡӦѾԳԽ档
ɽڲԨ£һЩϢΧͷš
ʮ͸оһϤһ˿˿һԨ
棡
ȿԨһмĶӡ
Ԩ֮ǰڰ棬г²ڡ֮ͨǰԼǿħԼɽǿߣһٶˣҼǳɹõѹ棬ռıҲǵģ


1833 ɽΧɱ
ģõıٰ꣬꣬Ȼ壬Ҫ뾡ӶԸ棡
²Ҳ£ĬƬ˵Ըһû𹥣оȥ֮أ
ɽǿ߰棡ִԾԨ
˲ŷɽ֮Ԩһһݺᣬ£һЩɻȰĹһɶ󣬳Ⱥڰ͵Ϯˡ
Ԩû뵽·Ȼпջڲ֮вٵ¿ռ䣬Сĵ¿ռҲһʮᡢɻȡڰݷнɡʥʵ
ڰŴҽһʮ磬û뵽нΪïɭ֣һɽ»ֻΪֻγĥһֺת
¿ռ䲻Ϻ¡¡˸оͷĿѣ
ȻǴ֣ɱ
벻ںڰʾһָҿĸ˲ڼֺ˶ǰˣһ࣬Ҳо
ɽǿߣĴֶǳԽɵĴڣоûǰǿ󣬵ҲɡĶ࣬˶Ǻɽ侫Ӣǿߣڼһһ

˹۲һһ̣Ǿɱ򣬴Ż
ڰͻȻͷһƬ˸Ӧںϣ˶ʱ֣Լһɴ͸Ӧһ˲Խɫľʯɽ塢֣ԼһЩɫ塣
̶Ϣû뵽ǿ磬ڽɭֻһЩСɽûˡ
ܶɫп񱼣оᡢһɶ죬һЩӥǳȺһЩˡ
ͨաرЩ֮УҲͷħҲͷǺڰϢ
ڰһЩ˾ͿԼӦ͵ˣǳԽɵĴڣʮˡ
һǴ֮£һЩɫӿ棬һӰգӰȫϷڵͿ֮Уһ
ʱʱӰܻɱһˣҾ⸽棬籦ҩݣͷâ֣ԼΧǿᡣ
أǸһܴӷһ˿˿ˣ棡
ڰףͳش𣺡˭յط棬һ˿˿ؾرûжգ֣Դؾ쳣ˣȻԴӴ֮£һЩ
˵ڲûΪһЩһͨ𺳡
Ҳ벻ףҲԻش
صȷûܶˣҲвóЩʻĳЩԭ򣬾ĳЩطһЩһĳطʬΪ̥ԪʯȻΧһһжܷ񶨡ǳ²˵ü˶ŵԭ
ڶȡڰǿ߰мӣǾͶڸҸطŻᣬźɽ䣬һ֣һڲɱᱦ
ǼɽǿҲûиж
뿪һЩѰطȲúڰһһҲֻкڰʵĿǰΪǿ󣬿԰пһС
Ǽ˶󣬼ʶֲʵ¶ֶ̲Σʼ׼ֶζԸ档
ȥü죬ڲɱʱһ䣬õЩִ뿪һ¿ռ䣬иźɽǿߡ
ܿ촫Ϣɽ֮еĺ塢٨壬мɳЩӢи棬ӺܿɽҪ֡
桢²ڡͨÿһ춼׼ͨ
ѪѪԪ᲻٣ôʬջ֮ɿ桢ţֲմڵʵҲѾԽɡ
Ŀǰ桢ͨʵͣͲǰΪﵽ۷壬޷ͻƣأûͻ֮ǿͻƣѹƾ硣
ͨҲ׼־綾أռӤħǿߵȵȾ綾ΪѪ
ڳ²ھͲ֪׼εֶΣһֱδͷ̫
׵ôϣƤ֮£ĤѪ֮УԤһ
׶ʼ߶Ĥ֮УѪγɵһ
𣬺ɽǿ߸ˣ峤кɽһ˾
º󣬺ڰӶʮ˾ںɽ䣬λһ峤࣬Щ峤֮ϣǺɽ£һˣһܼңɽߣ·һ䡣
˾
ְнͣ˾ڰ塢塢ڰȽ϶࣬ԳΪԴ˾͵Ǵϣɽɳһ˾ǰأҪһԭ򣬾նɱ棬Ĵһ˾а˳ɡųɿܻɱ棡


1834 ˾Ĵ
ɽʱ֣Ȼɽ˳նɱ׼
ҿɽ˾ԼĴ죬ڵȴһʱһĿǰ޷֪ʱ֡
ȸϹ
²ڡͨһƬԨ
;оü¿ռ䣬ܸӦһЩԨ֮ѰҲܾһЩӣԴԨյء
˳ڰ棬£һͨϿ֮УӦͷųȥڼ֮⣬˶вٸ֣һϰǿߣһҲϰˣ滹Ϊ䡣
˫յ֮УϿϢ

˭û뵽֮һ˳Ĵӿա
֮һƬâ˿ߴӰúڰԨһ˲âҫ
ˡ
²һ̧ͷâתעǿâһв
ڰҲ˵ɽ˫ˣȥλҲһЩˣ
ξǺɽԸʱлȻʣһء
ζźܿҪ潻֡
֮ɽͼʶˡ
ͨٶȿâʮ桢ɽ˫ǿͳ˹ȥ
Ԩ£ɢȥǰǺüϿݺύһγһΣֱʮϿյء
Ҳһ̧̣ͷ׾ͿϿԨüطâ΢΢ҫһ⡢ա
ڰǱ룬ȴš
㣬ڰʹһϢʲô
Ʊҩʯһʣ;ﲻ򵥡
ȷʯϿһֲĸ룬аףΪɫͷâ֪꣬벻ûȫʯһӵԣǿƬյѰǱģõ룬ʵΪͥһ
Ȼ˲ȻУ㱾󲿷Ҳ־ҲӵУǵõʵҲһ췭ظ
Ǿǵģ
ɽǿأ
Ǳȥ˫Ѿɱ󲿷ʯںϣȡҲ򵥣ɽһΣ˫һܾˣ
ܾˣ
ʲô
ԣɱͬʱȡںϡȡ롣
ٺ٣Ҳˣ
֮
Ҳڲ¸߳²ڡ֮ͨҲϿ֮УĴ˸ᱦ
ǰʯϰɱȡҲûжİϿȰɱ
һۿһϤף汾ѨŽӡ
棡
Χ澹ȻŽһˣϽش
ϧ˴ˣԭشһɣƴɣڹŽǽΧһٶУֻʵƫϣжʮ˶ǳԽɵĴڣкüǹŽǿߡ
ǾǺɽ˾ԼĴ䣿
Զ¸ֶһвٸ֡
˲δ֣֮УΪһѰߣͷѪɫƤְ׵Ŀ£׶࣬͸΢΢
Ǻɽ˾һʵһĴڡ
˾ˣǺ塢٨ȲĴ죬ʵѾͨһ
վûκ˸ɱȥ
벻֣һҲɵȴҲûг֡
ٿ˫·ܶɱһ׶೤âȻһŴ֮ɫ룬󲿷ֶڴ֮С
һЩ˻ɱ룬ɽͨҪն룬ȴû뵽ǸӲȣȻԽʥɽκιƶ޷һСľм
̶̳ȳԽ˴󲿷ĸ߶ȡ
䣡
Ҳǲ½ȥŰһը
˾Ĵڳ֡
ֶԸһˣû뵽ΪŽӵ棬㡢ǿ׷ɱϿȰղϴ
˫κһνγǿڵˣֻҪǴɣᱻ
ʥ׶ᱻɱ˲Ϊ촷ۡ
֣ڰпһУ桢˾̫ˡ
ÿ˶ӵоҲ塢£ȫһĹ
ŶǾĵһĻĻͻȻԳ²ڱȭ֣·룬ҷôʵҷһγɵģһҪΪõ֣ζԲˣ
˼ȻģǷġ
²ڼݣ󲻵ûˬʵͷԵ֣ľϵҲӵľϵһԵ֣ؼԵΪ


1835 ľ
˵ǳԾ뾪ϲ
²򣬺ЦԵߵ֮ģⱦǲģһȫõ
ǾȥЩ֣Ӧò̫ѣʱ취ȡ
²ɣȳ²û뷨ʣ¾һ˼ȡ
˴Ծ£ٶԽԽ죬Ͽȵײǰһ룬ʮɱҲ˲Ϲ룬ȴûһЧ
Ͽǰ˽²ڵ벻С봢ָؿռ䣬취
ڰ֮Ե˵Ǿ͵ںϡȡ
ȷǸð취ԣ²ٴ⿴
ǼҲõһߴһ࣬һ롣
ȥ߻δ֣ͱһأδ˶֣Ҳ¼֣Լɽ伫ǿߣжȡ
ݣ
ۿҪȥ
һɴƣѾɱۣΧʲôˣ֮˾ɱ
ǰˣһͷŴâն

֮ɲС
û뵽ڰֻһȭƵػһѪɫȭâнǽ˺飬ߣʶжϧѾˣתһ̣ͱЩˣգ۽ʳ⡣
һȭɱɡ
ڰʵиΪοҲɲ٣⻹ǵһμʩչ˾ɱɡ
ֹǿ룬ڰɱһȭһƣܽɻɱ
ȭѧ̺֮ͨУʩչĲͨ
ʿΪͷţӡķٽȻʩչͨ
أ
ΪʽֱԦʽûнӡҲδȻ
ʿƣʿϾȻǿԼʼΪ

;նɱɣֻʬͨġ
ǰˡ
Ϸһɫʯң챻ʯγʯʸǣȴȻͷһ˿˿һɫâϢ΢΢غ͸оһ޾Ϊ泩
ٿҲ֪γɵģ󲿷ֶڴ֮УֲȻ
쿴
²һЩָŸһ˾ͷ
Ǹ棬Ȼޱȹ⻬ɣֻǱĳһоͽжϡ
εԺȲ룿
䣡
ͻȻи볤һʯ֡
һȭȥʯû֣˳Ծѣֲô޷롣
²ڡڰҲʯܻʯܽȡռ䡣
ֻкڰ΢΢һЩʯٶȺʯȡ߸룬һȥɽʲôʱܴʯȡ߸룿
濴֮ǰǸ취취룬ȡ׶ˣ
ףҾѪѪںǾ͵öԸΧˣ
Ϊǻ
˶ͷ
̣
ڰǳָһһѪָ仯ΪһѪһ֮ϡ
ǼûµõĪڴ˵·
Ȼ䣬ɱڶ
ˣǺɽǿߣˣһǴʵλʵ

ɱ
ϴһȦ滯ΪȦ֮˳һֻֻ
һƬȥ
ꡢ꣡
һ޴һ磬һѪӰ磬пһƬƬȫѹʵ
ǶʥǶһͬ磬и
ͨɱħɷӡȥͱֱ飬㹥дһ죬Ҳ޷λɸֶ֡
˲ܶԸ֮ʣ²ͷżû뵽˲䣬һΪɱȥ
û뵽ʥԼͨɣȻܽ޹顣
²ץ֮ǰĸ߼ܿƽɣԸЩԵֵһᣡ

ת룬֪ڰں
ͷŸѪһְڸϣһǿѹѪںϡ
ϧںϺֻһ˿˿Ѫһҡ
𺳡ҽںϣ̫򵥣֪ǲΪ̫ԶӵвٸʯںϣֻѪںϣǲܵģûһɰܽںϣ
ԣûһա
߶Сǧӳϣʵʮң
У
СǧǷ֪УΪһ֮һҲһ֣ʵط
Ϊ˷ں룬Ҳƴˣȫ߶Сǧںһִǧʱ


1836 ȵ۵ʶ
ĵԺͨԪΧգĻ滯ΪһƬ۵һʱ
ʼ
ͻȻһڷͷԼѪʱ򣬴֮С
ԷԽɵʵ
ټСǧǷܳɹأ
ںϸһѪ˿һ̣ڸѪ˿ƶ£Ѫ˿Ȼǿпʼ֮С
̣
ڷưסƬɫʯϣɫʯʿʼ顢ѿ롣
ûʯ֮桢룬һľȻȻɫ뼸Ϊһľľ֮Ҳžԡ
һҩʯͬԣǸľ֮Уеԣ·Ǻγɵġ
̣
Ѫ˿Ѫɫһʼǿľ֮Уÿһ֡ȴ£ȫԸ߶ѪںϣҲͷ޾Ĺ
ˣ
ˣ
ͻȻ桢Լͫһľ룬ŷһâ
âƾˣʵ˶Ϊ޵ģһֹϵ־
桢㶼˵ͫ
䣬˲֮ʣͨԪǰȻһɫȻʵģ޵ģͨԪ֮УҲܽɫ
ɫǺ嫣֦Ҷï֦ҶһɫâɫʱɫâٲڲѭŴʡ
ĪǸľ֮ǰ𣿡ڰؿɫ
Ҳһ̣ɫͻȻһӣվɫǰϢһģһ
ˣ
ٴ𺳣صɫӰȻһ˫۾ʶؿԼڰ
ôܣһ΢޵ľϢʶ
ףӰȻ˵ˣޱȹӵ˵ȵۣӦˣȴҲһ֮еʶ顢˯֮ѹмԵ֣
ȵۣ
ͬʱ𺳴ɫӰ
˽ȵۣ
ǰʶƴʱĳطˣ֮вʶѣҲ˿ԵõҵĵͳУҲ˭ڼǺˣȵΪľϵΪһɣݺ磬ʶʧ֮󣬡ں֮УϣԵܽ޳ɣ֮Ϊ֮

ȵ۲Ӱ˵꣬ͻȻɫҲʧˣֻʶǰһƬɫߣֻй߲͵ؿǰʱ֮ǰǿɫǳֹġ
漱æΧѰңȵۡ
ʶӦò֮Уǿںϣ֣ӦǳҾߣҪллˣ
ǰ룬ΧǴɱ
²֣ͨҲмֱܸ
ڰ΢ЦţͷŸѪע֮Уͷӳڷ֮УܿѪ֮ǰӿľ֮С
ľӦþȵ۵壡
ԶžͷȻ״̬֮廹ܱҸΪԣľǺڰںľΪҲܸܵʯΪǿʢâ
ڰͻȻǿʢؿ棺ҵ÷ſһУںȵ֮壡
кΰ취
һ˿˿Ѫȵ֮ںϣȫʩչѪ˻ΪһѪɫȵ֮壡
̫ҸûаնʱںȵʶõϿɣľҲҪܳʱںϣһ־ɱпܽߣҲС
Ȼ֪Σգںȵ֮壬;бǿ߶ߣҲںϣʱ˭κң
ȻҪҾͰһѣ
лҪõһУõȵ֮壬ҲҪõȵۿ
̼䣬űͬ⣬ڰ˾ȻʼΪһѪ״̬巢顣
ĵһδԺӿĵȼգҲһеأһǿӳڷڡ
ܿ컯Ϊ롢ѪҺ״̬ˣһѪ˳Ѫȵ֮壬֮һӳ֣ٶ̫ˣ֮һѪѾ˽ȥ
Σǲ̫ˣ²ڶԸǿɱֹһһĻ֪Ҫʲô
ԣ֣żȻܣҷĪҪһ㿴޷Ҫʱںϣ÷Уںϣ
ѾҺܿˣû뵽һ񣡡Ҫðգ²֪ġ
ʱ
ಣ
Ѫһ֣ȫȵ֮塣
ȵ塭Ҳ֪кεȲ֮ǰԣӦ֮Уɣղŷ֣ȵ壬ȵڱӵ޷ԣõ˻ԵҵþȫҲڳȫԼ
˺󼸲ҲѪҲӦ˿Ϣײˡ


1837 ں
һ˿˿Ԫ͸Ѿȵ֮ΧڿʼȵɹںϣȻһַȻмһЩģҲӿڣɷģҲڶʱںȵ֮壬õŹǿ߶ȡҲκβңʱ뿪⣬ܺȵ֮壬س꣬ڴˣһǿ޷أ
õЩϢ֪ͨ²ڡͨ˸Ͻ룬ܺɽǿ߶ȡ
ǿ治ɱǰó䣬ռ䷨ʼȡû˿ץΧЩʯʥ׷һۣҲ޼¡
вʥɣǳԽɵˣøְ취ӡ޷ڵ涯˿
뿪һǱĺܣԴʯ֮УԶԶΧɱɱȥ
˾Ĵɱ֮ǰΪ춯أԨǧװɱһҫﶼҿ
ҲشŽЩǿߣɽɱѽѷ֣˫һɱ
棬ϣαˣȻʰ㣡ȴŻᣬָ֮ʿˡ
һˣټϺɽǿߣдܻɱ棬ٶ˭֮ΪεǿĴڡ漸ΧɱʵҲǿ˼£±ΧӦ
ˣɽЩʯȡͨڻָ֮У
ҲãǲãҲ֪ضûи֣ɽҲҪľܳʱ䣬Χôǿߣһῴɽʱûõ¶ɽ
ʵҲһа취ȡʵпܵõģɽ޼᲻ݿضϧûһգôƤʩչɽ
쿴ɽǸ˾
Ǵȥȴȵ֮壬ʱںϣǾͿԳ뿪
ڴ֮УһӦҲûһ㶯Լʶ͸ȵ֮忴ҲС
֮ǰ÷ѪģʶҲǣӦҲܵõϿɣˣӦûлӦҲ뵽ԭҲǷһǺڰаֻмơ
Ĳͬ޷õȵ֮Ͽɵĸԭ
ͨڴʱһ²ڿȥǧ׸߿գɽǸѪɫ԰ƤĴ˾ͻȻͷųɫѪ̣֮ǰǸԺڰ磬ϹźħͷŵĹǴһΪһס
ĴɱǹûΧѪΧһʹ̡
ˣ
ͨ˿ˣǳ֣ɽ̫ǿˣСûˣ
²ͻȻ˵һ仰һ⣺Ϣ޷ҿ滹δʩչ
˿ȥܰ涼ְΧǷգܻɣһǴµģ

ǧ׸߿գԺɽǸ˾ͷųһ⣬ڲȻһ
Ǳǹ죬ΣΧţҲֻ㣬˾߶һ߶˲俪ʼתһ˲仯Ϊһɶ󣬻ڲ졣
²΢΢סĿ⣺ʽ׷һƷʲĻʽױѹԽЩˣһ֮УҲǶڣû뵽һ壬ҲֱͥıҲвٱĴڣ
ҲǱ˵ɽͥǿһ䲻˶࣬ռݻıһ̣ܶҲǣǱ߻һΪɽյأǴȥҲвٱ
лᣬҪȥɽ°ͣ²һС
ǼűΪʮɶߣźɽ˾һѹһűɱǻ֮Уǧ׸߿ɲγһײγɵɱκδɡ
Ĵ첻ٹͷΪâȻӳ
Ǻ¡һűΪһྪ⻷âû
һĻĻƬʮϿȣٶᱦ˶ԶԶעţǵɱ
̲ͨסһ¶η֮ɫˣǺʱǰǿǿǳԽ
ǵһΣĿõԵ棬ȴƶʥΪֻҪ뿪յأͻƴɣΪһɣһ׷ЩˣΨһĲ࣬ʱ䲻ǶʮϵĴڣ
Ĵͷ𣬼סһƬװգϴ˾űһδѹ֮оһףҫڰը죬𺳡


1838 
·ɱˣͷƤ飬һЩʥˣһλҲѪɼǻʽűǿ
ԴӴ˾ͷűҲûмɱɱ𣿱ɽ䵱סҲûǸʵ
ǽһʱȥǸ߿ջһը죬ҡҡͷ濴ˣϣɽǿֻնɱ棬Ҫʬ壬ʬϱ
ǳ²ҲΪΧ£Ҳлӳ˵űĴ˾ʵܻɱκ䡣
ϧŶŽᣬ廯Ϊ꣬ڻıǳưԵĴڡ
ݣ
뱦ƿֲ֮Уһīɫ֦űոѹը֮󣬾֮д͸
˾Ҳûз֣뵽ָ֦֣֦Ȼűס
ݣ
ʮ֦֮ɱΧĴ죬Լ˾֦ٶȾɽûзֱ𣬹ֵ־棬ҲԤϵ;ĩ·û֮ǰǰ㾯衣
֦ͻȻɱŵòᣬд˾ʵ̫ǿ󣬷ӦҲѸͣƳһЩѪǣԹǵ֦ĴԵǱǿֵ֦ƣȴɡ
һϤԵ֮б˾ӻıһ׷ɱΪұ㣿
ͨ桢²ڶ⣬ˣɵͷ㷭ڣʵ벻
ֻͨЩʧĨĨȻܾطˣǿǻʽױסǻʽ׷ѹƣǴ˾ΪͳСͫХΪȻܴ߶ʽ׷˻ܱƣ
ʽ׷ʥףǿ߶Խʥ۷巨߷£ֻгԽɵĴڣʩչʥ׷ʽ׷ǴɣҲܴ߶һ
˾ͬǺɽڴϵĴڣǿɲɡƴɣɹȳϡϣҲ޷߶ʽ׷
ڻʽ׷Լ˾¾ط˵ʵֲһ޷ĳ̶ȡ
쿴ֻ²ھ
ԭɱ֦Ĵ졢˾𽥶Ƶͬʱ֮ǰͷǹ֮УȻһīɫֹ飬һ𺳳
汾
ôһ
жᱦ߶֣а𺳣Ƕᱦһ޴Ưǰ֮ϣһɽƯţԼïҶ
Լ֦Χκһ֦Ӳȡʥ۷巨ǰֲ
ˣǻΪ˻ޱȣ˾Ĵ죬̫ͱˣҪΪɽҪΪıΣҪǶɱˣ
ԲѣһˣΪУ쿪ҿ·˰ɣ
һЦһɲΧ֣ɱԼ𣬹ٴγɺһ㣬һ汾ƶȥ
˾ٴοűٴλûﵽʮɸߣ˫ֽӡű֮УһɹС
ٿ汾һ壬һ̸ֳѪɫԹ֮ЩԹ֣𽥻ΪһӰЩӰ˲Щ˲ιһΧ
ɱ˶ˣö²ԶԶ棬лǵһɱ⡣
ɱ˶ˣƴ뵽꣬ɶˣǴʬڻܼƿعŽȻҲùŽ
ǿ壬Ҳڶμ壬ܸоû뵽ȥǿˣҲͬ
ʵڰ紹һɨɨȥֹƻ⣬׳֦ڶԸűǸ߿֮У֦һűҫը
˫ٴɱѽѷ֣˭Ҳռˣ´˾Ĵ죬汾𣬵̫ӴˣƺܶӰ졣
˶עΧ֣ʵǶǹܶ˶òɢ
ͨҲڶΧæ澪ˣƺһƮͿգ·ʲôѵûǱ壬ȡߣ
桢²ڵȥ沢ûƯȥȴ㣬Կ￿˿ȷпܣҪԼȥȡߡ
̫˼ˣܿκӰӣƻգ²ڲɵö࿴

濪ʼͷԪһδκֱ¸ףȲִ߶ǧʱӳԪϽϵϡ
濿ﻹףһ΢Ϊش𣬺£رոй٣ȫںȵ֮壬ԭ룬ȵ۱һ֣ȵӦһӵϾͷں̫ˣֻн˼߶Լӿںϣ


1839 Ե
浹ǲȥעǷȫʱ䲻ˣڱɽֱƵãֳһ￿ҹûסȻȡߣ
ҪñȡǾö־ˣںϣҲ޷뿪ȵ۵̫嫣Ѿںһ˿˿뿪ѾܣѡԪߣ
Ԫˣüӿٶںȵ֮壬ȿܲܺ
ҪǾ̫ϧˣ᲻ãҲԸ⣬Ҳֻһ취ȡ
Ϳ澿жܲܺ£֮еĴʯ

һЩ˻Ŷȡϧ¸֮Уһָ빥Χˣһץһֱӽ֮УЩǴɣҲ֡
ܶ˸Ͻߣ󲿷ֶǺɽ䡢ŽǿȻΧɱûߡ
ϷΧȥ漸ס洫ҵô߶֮мӳ֮У
ȻãΧ㲻ɿȷǿϲ޻Ӧ
²ڡͨ·ϿԨô󲿷˶ѡ룬ףѷ֮УΧһЩ˲ɱȡʣ¾ǹŽɽǿߡ
ʼĬĬ߶СǧСǧ࣬߶ǧʱѲ٣֮УһɹɹţջΪ氵
ʱʵϻδȫϷ潫֮֮УͿʼСǧǧʱҲںȫһʵʼ
¡¡
ΪҲ֮ɱֹƽΧըҲϿԨը¡ɽ岻γʯǵضɽҡɽ䡢Žֶ볷ˡ
ںٶȡһЩԸо֮ǰǰѣٸһЩʱ䣬һںʮϢзӦ
һϲСǧǧʱӳ֣ȻԷںȵм
Ȼ޷֮УӦںٶȡϢӦ˵ЧǺܾ˵ġ
ͬʱֻ¡һΧ𵴡˲ſ汾֮ϣǾ޴뽫󲿷ָѹסֻһ¶˳
֮Уճִ˾棬û뵽㲻ҪӣȻʱ򣬴Ƥ¶ﲻɣ
˻ЦΪ˵յĳһ鱻˷ľΪľҲܴӻıⷽ
ľõģ棬̫쿪㱾ҺɽһԱȴҪȥΪֻɱ㣡
б£Ǿɱԣ
ϿԨˮż䣬û뵽ǸײըΧ
ҲŽһٶ֣ͳͳȥ汾ڲһԶԺɽ䣬ɽЩ֣ͬҲͷ죬ͷŹѹ湥ơ
쿴ڿʼȡѷ죬汣ִ߶Сǧ״̬ʱ߶СǧҪȴǧʱףԼ
²ȥϷաͿո£·¶һЩһһظǡû
ܳ
һ˭Ҳû뷨ֻܵſ
ۿľǡסһ֣ĸ֮У˷֣ĸϵҲƿʯⷽصӲȣѾﵽʥ׷۷ָ߶ȡ
ҪһͨСʯףԴ˵Ҳ̫ѣڴ֮УףҪȡǶһӴԣҲ¡
浹ǲżһƿʯٶȥҪʯԼҪúüʱ䣬ԶԺڰԣʱĲˡ
²ڿ棺澹ȻԼ֮УһھһҪں𣿡
ȥȻ¶һˣһЩ֦ȻƤһǳģ⻬ִҺ壬ʪӿʼסͷ֮С
濴ȻЦˣϽ
ʮϢŻӦȷǿ󣬱һľϵ඼޵ľ֮
һϢѾڿʼھ룡
ʲôϢ
һﰡھҲͰˣ̫ˣһﾹȻԼ֮УҪʼں
⡭
ú룬潫֮УҲڲ潫װ͸㣿ȫ£һںһֱ֮ӵںٶǱڿʮ


1840 ֳ
ˣ
˷˵꣬ڰԪҲޱȿܡ
֪Լкӷ翪ʼΪں򽣬־ɹӷ絽ɽ磬ǿ־ɸ־ӿٶſһǧ꣬ӷ˷ɽ硣
˿ִ̣ȥҲְܴ취ҪȡǴû뵽֮УұһںЩھϷ
ҪײҪҪҶȵ֮壬õȵԽСǧںٶȻ죡Ӧ
ڰнСǧںϣΪ˷ȡѾȫ߶Сǧ˵ĵɫԽ԰ףѪϨ
ؼܲھʲôպڰɽ̣ԸΪģֻѡźڰں£һԶ
ٿϷɽִϰǿߣгԽɶжʮˣ̫ˣһδι棬ܼҶڴ׹䣬Ȼ治޵еģҲڱܵشֻ̫ӴһԲ
ǿˡֹȥʱ²ͻȻס
û뵽ڳ²˵꣬ͨӦһаħȻӶΧѾϿϷ
һͬϷǾ޴ϣѾһź˳֣˾ȥӭӡ
ͨΪ֮ݣԶԶעźˣǿħħʿһħɷޱ޼ʣˣһͷ
ӦͶȥǺֻһѮӣȴİϢƺеʶȻ̫Ϥƺ
ɽ䣡
˻Ե÷ǳȣϿԨŭ𣺡ֳȻҲˣ˾ɽߵһô˵ǵľͷҲɽһ
ֳ
ֳǣ
ͨ˲Ǻ˭ˣǻıǣϵ֮һֳǵĳһĴڡ
ߣ
ͨ˵ʱڵǣɽһֱǶͷû뵽ɽ߾ȻһβˣԷߣһʵȴ˾Ĵڣ
ˣʱ˾Ĵ棬ߵһָڣȻǰɽɱ㣬ҲǰҵǣôвҲȹ̣
ߣҲŹ㣬Űɣɽ֣һˣΪɱңŭޱȡ
ǾͿɣ
߻ּ䣬˫ħ֮УһѪС
ͬʱ˾ٴδ߶űĴҲĶʩչ˶ǻʽ
ͨ£ȴһɰͰ͵ЦݣǿѪϲ̫ϲˣˣܽͺˣ
ԭʱǿѪС
²û뵽ֿ̰ͨ棺ǿѪкܲ򵥣ӦһﵽʽƷʣ۷ķѾԽͨɽ󲿷ִڣһħǳˣһܺ棡

߳ˣͷ
˾Ѿǵͷߵλͨʵ࣬ͥվ۷߶ȵǿߡ
ɱѪУһѪɫҫΪ׳Ѫɫħ󵶣նȥ
棬ùŽֶΣҶò뷨Լϧ꣬ӵжǿǰ壬ֻǸ֣ǿǾͷȴҵĶ֣նһΪһնɱ档

֦Ϸܳ֯һ֣ץѪеâ
أ
꣡
ѪеâԵд֣֦̳ɵĴָ֣Ȼô·֦޷ס˦Ѫеâռƣȴûоһ֮ͽܡ
棬С㣬̶̰꣬ڹŽȻʵ˵زǰ壬һɱ㣬ٳһػӶ۰Ѫƴ˿ٵأԶŻ˺
Ѫâն£֦ٴ̳һָֻ֣ӥצһץȥ
ɱһָ֦ѣڰƯѪɫâҲܿɢȥ
ǵڶֻش棬ûнɱɱһϽֻ̳֣һ
濴֮ҲһμߣеʵȷĲ߱ȴ˾٣Ϊ֮̾ΣˣǾָ˵ߴ߶ǿѪУпܽ
ʵͬ˾ʵǿһ֣õʱѹ档

һϢ֮ɱһѪɫâ󣬶ľмɡ
˾Ĵ첢δ֣Ŀ߱뺷Ҳһ⣬ϲ棬ҲûвҰܣǺм֮


1841 ڶʳ
ΣһĻĻΣգЩݺ汻ܣôҪߡ˾˶ȡ
ûиı䣬ʱɽ֣ڰԶԸ
û˵һֱûлӦҲûٰ취ֻͷӳ֮УֹͷֻܾճɲɹһжҪڰ
֪ͨͨ棬֮Ͽ·䣬˿쿴·ŽԼһЩǿߣǹа֡û
ԭ֮£ŽЩǿߣʮһһٶڰԸɽ䣬֪ΪΣаЩ˰
ʼǻʩչͨûʲô쳣ǵȲ֮һͻȻǲסشҲû⣬һٶ˺ܿͱһĻʶ
ˣǵȥıⴳأ汾ҹһ˼
龰浹һں˵ˣ澹ȻԼ֣һٶǿߣвٳԽɵǿߣѹǾԼƱشЩǿ߻ָʵ
²һᣬҲ˵ȷԼЩӵסЩǿ߾ܻӵһԻ־Щǿ߹ԹԱƣ޷ϢУȻ֮кܶ壬ҪǿĶ࣡
ش걾˽ãҲѶԴϧΪӡŮҪıˣƹŽشҲҪؼһŹŽᣬð˲ãӣȻῴشУͨ˵
Ҳؼң뿿ŹŽϽģϧشջǸ۹ңȻһͨ˷УȥΪΣҶ޷Ĺǰ
شҲ֦סɣƻãһһغ
ʱҲֻĬĬţ˲޹أֲԼкϵΣա
ϷɱѪУʮϢһ֮ǰ߹ѸͣʱͳЩÿһɱĵâ֮ǰΪȻ֦Ϊ赲â
ټϿȼ봦˶Ծ˺ǧףǼ󲿷ֶȡǻû뿪ЩԶԶŵǿΧ棬һҲ
꣡
һһһֵâȻ֮ϣʱһ巢𵩣Ҷ¡
棬ȻӲʮڻı֮УҲô˿̶ʱǿ˵زϧʼ·һ߽һȻȻֹ
ҷ棬óб
ԭ˾һ£Ĵٴγ֣ǰһ̣Ϊ߿һ˶Ը棬û뵽澹ȻӲֵزǿƣҲڶʱɱ档
ʱٻɱ棬ȡ˵еǿɱʱɽõƸΪѡ
һٶɽǿߣ붼ǴɣͷŻ𹥵˲䣬ʥ׷ɱ档
湥ƼΧܷգγɻѹ棬Ҳ֦ҡγһ˳ɱ溣ѹƣ֦赲
һַͨɱ棬֮ǰǿ棬ҲܲסôǿΧ޷ֶãϷɱѪУһֲѪâն
ɶߣд˾
һǹŽӵʵڡ
Χƣˣྫ·ͷӿ֮С
üͷΪ⣺Ϊôǿй֮У޷ںһɶУΪ֮ǰٶȷǳҵ֮ԽԽ죬Ϊʲô
һ벻ףԭþ޴ѹںϣ֮ںϴߣľĴڣԶԶ󣬲޷ȡߣͷںϣҲԺ
ľΧҲһâ١رգȥѾںϡ
ɻҡҡͷﲻںҵΪҪΪʲô
䣡
Χ趯ַ֦նϡ飬ҲϱɱΧǶ֦׹¡
ò״ľڣܵõľʵһһϧ첻һᰡľԵʱֻܷȻȥ˾ĴҪҸնɱ
ã澹ȻЭˣʵؿΧЩǿߣһڿڽǸˡ
ƺĳʶ˵һνٶȼӿգһҲ𺳿
ѵɹںŽҡæʶȥںϡ


1842 Ի
һδȥӴһ޷ڲֻܿΪֲӿ֮С
̣
һЩﴫãٿӼܿľ״̬ԵȻһɺɫѪԵѪؾѪɫ֩˿ľ֮ӡ
ɺɫѪΧ棬ڲڲĳһģ֪ʲôԭһѡ
۾ˣĪҳɹˣɹںľںľʵöܺɽȺˣնɱߡ˾Ҳ⣡
ž
ͬʱ汾ұɣΪǧ׸ߣһĢ
Ϊֲ̫ע£һѪâն𺣣֦ըҪѵûᣬǿɱڴˡ
ԶռҲûϿκһش²ڶ洫ԽԽֵܣҪ֪һ߿Ǹ
ҲƼֲһӣҪУؼΧд˾ĴأߣҲǲܵģյزͨҲ֮ߡ
ϵϵϣȴϢֲ⣬ڸܵԷһ˿˿ڰ
ζźڰںںԽԽˣһУȥǰʱڰɹӶںľľ
ʵǳԽģԺܿںˮһӵõһ񸫣Ҳܽ
ʱ˺Ͱ֮ǰƻնɱ棬ûһɰգ˭֪һ·ײ󷴶ʱúڰԶ棬ܵõľõȵ۴УЦ˿һ̶Щţںľ
㲻õģѾɹΪãǿЦʱΪںϣʵ֪꾫û뵽һ˻Ӧ
ںľ֮Ҫ˳٣ӷ֮У״̬ǳá
޵ִǿɱ֮УǱʩչСǧطӳϣȫʵ޷ľں֮һ
ں֮һ
ǰԼҲû뵽չ˳ǱȫңͷԼǿںľգںľԲ˳
ʱ˺һҲٲˡ
һԭִ󲿷־ҲӵľϵԴܵõȵľ֮ںϣҲľϵ֣ȻܵõľϿɡ
Ҫӿٶȣ汾𲻶˰ܣֳʵίʵֲ˾ĴʵҲ֮κһˣʵ൱ʱػܣ
ŷҪӿٶȣʵҲԼ߶޵ؼӳ
µ֪ȵľ֮ں֮һҲ޷ɣֻں֮һҲʲôΣȻѹϡ
ΪľҵΪ޷ľľϢ޷Ӧ
֮УǱѣҾͷڷգڴ󲿷ʱ䶼ǰ
Ȼעľ֪õľĻʲôֳ˾ֻҪõľͿڲ֮󣬳ưԻıټֻͥҪʱ䡣
ȻһֱڽԼľ֮УľգȴľӦȻľӳ׷ɱعľûһ㷴Ӧ
Ϊ֮ǰһܴľ֮УٸӦҵϢľôΪηܸӦҵϢһоΪʲô
˻ߣİԼľΪںľ
ҸҲںңҴߣû뵽ǣһȻľ֮Уصشʶ֮С
ʱо繥ʹܣϲľ˭ѵľʶ
Ķ㲻һֱںҾľʶ̫٣ѣԼ˵ںңӶ֮ͨ壬ӵľ֮壡
滹ţ㡢ľǺεȴڰһľľȻʶ
ҵĴ޷ģǷǳϵĴڣҲںңõľ֮ǾͽڣʶҲľһںϡ
ʱ䲻࣬ǿΧɱ޷ְʱؾΪ㣬ҲΪ㶪
ѵãÿֻŬһԣô֪ɲɹɹˣ󲿷ڣҾ͵µ㻹ʲôӵľ֮壬ǵ۽׷Ҳ˲֣ССݺκɽ硣


1843 ֻص
úãǰҾͽڣϣڰڣںϣҽڣ
һ¶ģˣľʶĻҪһȻðգ߳ɰգľںϡ
ʱ֮屻ֳɽˣʲôʲô°Ϊӵľǵ۽׷˲Ĵڡ
ʼͷ£ľ֮У̫ӴˣһͬʵʿǧҪࡣ
ľ֮УЩľľѪ˿磬˳Ѫľû뵽ľ֮ѪѪ֮УȻһˡ
Ǻڰ
̧ͷϷ·ľ֮У͸ľ棬мһЦοһʯû뵽ðսľľںϣɹˣԲѴ֮潻֣ܵõ
ҺÿҪѪصǰľȻֻһͨˡ
ʱҲ࣬ľں֮һͨѾԴľȵľ֮壬ΣѾں֮һľѾҵģ
ҵץʱˣʩչСǧѱ֮ǰ٣αҲǺľȫ·ֵԼںľɣ
ӷ֮һ磬Ȼһյƣħ˴߶ƺֹ
ħ˱ɣңҶûȫϲģĻɱħˣħֻصƣ
ĵƹ֮УһյƣƺͨΪʵһ̣ԭһ
ͨ͵ƣڱһ㣬Ǳÿһ㶼Ŵǵͬÿһ㶼пյģڲһ΢΢˸󣬶Ǻһؿռ䣬޷ʲô
ʼռ䣺ֻصƣħһֻ̣֪صϹţԶǿߡۡƶɵģżȻֻصƵʮǰ֮ͥжģҲΪˣͥ׷ɱȴһ˿ʶֻصƣܻڣ
ֻصȻҲͥģֻʮǰͥһһ̻żȻģħ˰;նɱְ·ɱħҲʱ˲ãȻˣͥʱҲֻ֪صǺεȴڣȻҲܣóȻôǿնɱħˡ
ħ˶ҰɲСԪҲ⼸ؼֻص⼸꣬ںһ˿˿ħʶֻصںϣѾֻصƵںһɣħ뱦ںһ˿˿ʮ䣬ںһɣ
ϱһ̣ľԼֻǿ󣬷ٴ죬Ҿ㣬ңҴӴǰۣԺҾˡ
ֻصںڰ߶£ȻշԼΧľ
ľ̫ˣϧֻصôһ˿˿ľֻصơԼںϡ
ⲻ÷ѪҺֲټľںϣٶȱ֮ǰ١
Ҳľ쳣֮ǰʮ࣬ԼѾһ룬Լ޷Ѿľȫƿء
գǲʵǰ㡢Ϊҵ޷ƣ
ܿ촫ߣΪڰ㣬ǵʵںϣں϶ãҿʼھںϣ𣿶ˣҲ׼һ£׼ʶҲľҿ԰ʶľӵľĪȥͨ壬ǲʲôвֵһᣡ
̫ˣñľ֮Уʶһľ˷ˣ´ʱ类ֳ˾ǿߣյüڣҲںˡ
е㲻Ծľ͸һַǳޣǿķϢⷨϢİ
ѷ֮У滹ڱִ߶Сǧ״̬Ϊȡľͷһ糤ʼ԰ס
ںģõľҪģͷŹϴľ֮УѾ״ľоȻͬʱӦģһءİķϢ
İǲǷģĪģڴ߶ںľľ֮взϢǷϢľ֮дͷ֮ʣҲķΣ
ϢЩķңǷϢԲǷģǷӦ֪
пܾģδ֪һҪںľ治ͷԪ÷עʩչ
ͨһ겻ѣҡҡͷˣˣһգҲߡ˾Ĵ֮һֻеɥ


1844 ɱ
ߡ˾ЩͷʵѾǼ֮Уۼɱ֪ͷɽǿε
汻һգԶΧ֣̤һȥŶȡľ
֣ʵѹ棡
һ𵱿գյҲ˻ͨգ˾Ĵ죬ԼֶǿߣΧԴλߣúɽ˾Ҳǳ
߾ߣǵߣʵҲȵκһ
ɫҲ΢΢ЩζԸ棬ҲЩģأʱ̶׼ɱٽľȡߣľϢ̫ˣδ˾޴ľ
ãľǻıģȷҪЩûзľһץУ˾۹һڷգɲǶĴת˵ʲô˿ʼƽһ
ݣ
û뵽һˣ̤һ֮С
һüӰκһӰͷẓ́лһѪӰ
ǻıˣҲôһ鱦ѪӰɭɭЦ
ϤϢԼ桢²ڡͨƺû뵽ۿıǿ߾Ҫõľ
·ɱǿħǿߡ
ħţ˾Ц
ֳˣһǺ£ǴͷߣȴһѪߡ
桢ͨһѪߣⲻ֮ǰħǿħţʵǿ󣬷ǳֲͨˣжˣħһϡ
ֲãħͥһϣ͵ڶʵ˾Ҳ࣬ϾħʵȺɽ䡢ֳǶҪǿֳǣֻǵһˣջϲ̨档
ǰǻϷɽϰŴ˾߿ħ˾Ѫߣ΢΢һԭħųϣˣ
Ѫ߶һƮŶΪǻıһǿߣû뵽Ǵ˾Υˣõֳ
ˣĪ뱾ȡľɣʵȻǿ󣬿ʹôû뵽ħųϣһҲ
ߣĪﲻǻı֮أǵ̣κǻıõ·Ϣľ
ıҲܱħŶȥǾ¼£ħŶһıԣֻһǿˣ
˼
˷һЦȻ̤ƣһٶȣ򱻷֮е·ֱǱľȥ
䣡
һĨڰӡӰսɱӡ֮ߡ
£
ֶʱɱһΧһն˽Ƹɢ̫ˡ
Ҳ˿ɿʱһ޴壬Ȼֻʣ֮ҶûˣͺͺĴϿȣˣ·ľȻ֮ǰʱͷųâΪ財
ñľ̫ˣΧ۾ˣسȥ
Ǵ˾Ĵ죬һǿȥԸħ⼸֣󲿷ͷֱӱľȥ
ɽôˣֶǿߣΧ̲סȡľˣٴסˣٿһ
ľ
߲סˣ˾ħŵĿ£Ȼնɱһħųϣһ׽
ֻҪסˣ˾Ĵ죬ܳûȡľľΣ
ľҵģ˾õ
˾Ĵ䣬иֿľʱǾȻûϵˡһϢ棬Ȼս֮Уɱʮһǿ󡢿¡
֦ɱôֲüǿ߱ɱ
˾Ĵ첪Ȼŭڶ棬ʱˣȻȡľΪܴǸʶʱߣȥľߣҴˣȻʱ򣬲õľ㿴лȻߣúãҽͳ׽նɱԾ󻼣
ľҵģѾںϣ˾ߵţһɱı˻ƵҲ׼ŭ
ɲշŴŴ˾һƳɱЩ֦ϧʵ֮ǰǰǿ󣬱ɱ
˾ȥȡ潻˶ԸĴȻں棬Ǵʱ˵档
ಣ
˾лűæľԶˣѾܿľ֮ϣһɫӫԵĲ
ಣ
ϧһȻڴ˾նһһ֮ƿն
ɶĵ·ģ͹˾Եŭɶֿʼ߶ű
˲ҳ˾ȡ˭⣬ؿӰ֡
ˣᣬϢޣǹ⽫Ϣ
ͨҲӦϢ΢΢һƺϢеϤ


1845 ؼֵ
ȷϤƬ̼䣬ԶԶˣ棬ɴ̬·һˣϢޣʶ
ˣ
˫͵رһâ˾ǵǱħ˷·ɱֵ֣ͥܣХ˵ͥؼֵܡ
ͨҲˣǸ룬һǿĴڣ
¸˼ħǿ֣߳ͥš²ھԶһС
ֻϣ·Ҳ˭֪ߵغ񣡡
˵ʱʱ죬ͥؼֵܣǴ˾ŭɱűֱԻʽ׷ɱˡ
ؼֵܾȻϢһϢϢںһǰɽҲǻʽ׷

ɽγʮΣŴ˲䣬ű֮ʣûɱؼֵܣǱɽסûűѹɽƼƾС
˾űأ֮ǰǸ߰ˣȻǸ֣ϢӣЩϤһֱǿߣҲɢޣ֮ķӣ
֪ؼֵһˣӦһ䡣
һγʮ״ɽһʮֽȻűˡ

˾˺һűæץſˣһʱ֪˭
һؼֵܵ磬ȷǱϢûøӦû뵽ħϣΪֳľϢ֮У
ܣҵƣľĪ⣬ǳնɱħˣһֵĿΧѰ
˾֪˭ıҵ
ʱϷֱը籩֮Уħų϶ˣ
·ХһͥصĵţΪغף˽ؼֵܣɱСǣͥصȻֻǺ󱳣ɱУ
ţ
˾סˣǺĴҲǵһں
ôãȻײͥţ˲ŻȻ򣬹ֲʵ졣
غף
˾Ĵ컹иˣԽĿϣţǲͥǿʵҲҪȡľ
˭ˣ˼ҿⷽɽʱǿ
ؼֵһˣǵס˾ƣһƳֵ߽ĶˣǰȴˣСֶΣˣ
ڨڨħɷɽ𵴣Сͷܾ˷Уݣڣ㱳˲棬ȡľʵߵĻҿû˵
ԣʵȡľҲû˵֮ܲһж˵㣬Һɽһ̫ܲԵˣ˾Ȼɵ󣬲һ˸˴ۣѹ棬õľ
ôѼӷˣ
һӣӿľԼٴɱűΪʮɸߣ产һơ
ؼֵҲһ̣Ϻڽȡ£Ȼͬʱ֣ɽɱʮֽâֵҲ֪˾һϣɽҲǴ˾ʵҲǿµġ
Զͨ˵ǣؼֵܣˣֶˣ˵иǿɱ԰õľ
滹ִ߶Сǧ״̬Ϻɫزࣺ޷ɱȥȡľκһ֣λɣǳԽɵĴڣȥҲ޼£أҲǾţŷӦÿԳûȡľ
ϿˣϷ붾ɱ·˾֣ĴҲǿ߶ԸħǿߣΧܶҲԾԾԣ˭ȥõľ
һ̣˶֮ǰͷĴڣ档
汻յýڣ֦ҶûˣѾ䣬Ȼоӿľ
ǰ
Ϲľ֮УʱһԪƣΪӰ״̬һżȵľľ֮л
ľ֮Уſľ侪ˣٹľ֮г⿰ȶʯͨ
Ѱľ֮ǸʶõʶϿɣںľٲɹôǿɱȻ·һ
ƾκľڲûһʶӦľľѪ𺳵˵ľ֮оȻ羭һѪҲĸֲľ֮Уƺľѣ
ԽľٶȻǺҲ꣬ʱʱ̿ؾн죬̫࣬Ǳȴ󲿷ִҪѣһںľͥκҪң


1846 
ˡ
֮УѪΪĺڰ߶ֻصľںϣҲԼľ
ľȵһ֣ȵ˭Ҳ֪ʱǸʲô״̬
Χաе죺ʶΪľںϣʱˣҿʼ棬
ŷӡòˣͻΪһƬԵѪӰľأľʶľ
ܿԹĻʶľ֮ܵСѧ·
оǰԱڡ𵴣֮еѪӰһǰ𣿡
ң
ѪӰ֮У̰ӦѣͷʶʲôùܣںϱǣЩǿҲȥ⣬޷ľ
ǡǣһԼʶƴѪ
Ϣ֮ԹĻںһǰѪɫӰֿҶֺ
ֻѪɫӰִԣľʶͷ濴ľлɣֻѪȣһ̣ҪõľϿɡںϣʲôҲزϡ
֮ľ֪ģǴ˾Ҳڶʱ亳ľڼںľľҪʱڣӵľߡ
䡭
ѪӰľ֮УͷԪ汾˲䣬ľ⻪֮УȻֻصƺʶ
ŵö£ֲҶǰ⡭
棬ȡС֮УѪ֮Уʱڰ԰׵һ
ôϤˣǡǡСӣܣôľ֮Уһ˲䣬ڰһ𺳣ܿԭ档
䣡
ϧϳҪֻصƣϷѾʶͷʶȻһʶһ籩ݺ˺ķѡ
Ϊʲôʶ飬ʱһġ
ΪʲôΪһ֣ڴ󲿷Ҳ֣עҪ㣬û뵽ľһжʹȻҶ㣬ӵϾһԸ㣬ʵһʼӿľͱҸɣںľͷβǿߣƻԣУ
ֻصһںڰ£û뵽һʶС
ʶƬɣ뱦֮Уٱڰ˳ͳͳ
ʮϢʶƬ˺ڰʳһ̣ڰǿٱٴνӡΧȻȻںϡ
ľҲһӿڰѾľЦʶõľں֮Ѿǿ߶ľҲڴʱߣҵںľȡһʱ䣬ľ޳ɣЩǿߣʼպѲһ棬һٴҲܲҪ
ڰʶ֮ȻٴλΪѪѪһľÿһ
ľ֮УȻҲһЩѪɫԸ룬ڰϢһģһ
ˣΪľ⻪֮ǰǿʢٲץһʱ䣬ħšиǿ߸
ϿУ²ڡͨʱʱ̿עǰ֪ʲôԭľͷâǿΪҫۡ
ЩľâǿߡעһʥԿľжô
ܶ࿴ˣҲ̲ס׷ɱϿȣʲôɽ䡢ߡħŻľ˭õ˭ġ
²ںȻˣˣҸоʶڿʧѾɱ
֮治ôˣͷŸӦǶȥȷһ̿ʼû˿ƾɽԼɱΧҲûһ㶯Ǳˡ
һ֣Ӧ÷ǳӴΪξôˣѵǷѾľûɱ棿ȻֲҪɱҲף
Ѿ뵽ڰйأЩţΪ̫ǿˣڰҪɱ棬⼸ǲܵ顣
ߣû뵽ʵǿ
ͻȻϿȰմһǱܶһ̿ħһϣȻ߸ɡ
ʱľͷӡץľ
Ȼʵħһǿ٣Ҳ֮ǰû¶ˣڼɵħţһˡ
Ҳ֪ΪΣ˲䣬һӣɣҲľץȥӴӡ
֮£ľͻȻһӡУϿȶһ𣬷·Ǿ޴֮ҲҪ֮


1847 ǿ
𵴹󣬶˫۾ǿӡץסľһˣؽľӵ£һץ
ಣ
һӰһߡ
˽̤ɽԭؼֵ֮һ
ǿнľץһƳؼֵܣǻðɣôһССҲرһ̣ǻ֪ϣҲÿСҲ̫Щ
ؼֵĿɫûһ˿̬ȴſǰҵȷ֣̤󣬾һֱᵽǰ˵ãľзݣһҲѹ㣬ľɣ˭ԵõֻǴԼҲ
ȷΪһǱͽ㿴ͷʵ࣡
ʵ
Ȼؼֵܼŭ֮ǰ˰·ɱҲˣԷǳϣλʵ࣬ҲǺġ
ؼֵأ
ֻһЩŰˣڶȡľҪʱ̣Ȼս
ݣ
ָֻһָ侹Ȼһ⣬һģ籾Դһᵽ߳һ̿նȥ
ؼǸż״ɽУ뽣ںϣȻһն׽
꣡
׽âǵߣΪһɳĽ˲䱻նϣ֮顣
Ҳ۵һؼֵҲ֮Ѫȴûٳ֣ǻƯգ߹Ȼ鴫׳δԹ˴һߣҲ䣡
ôǻ֣ܶ˶װˣһжѣóʵߡ
һ̷·Ҳôӡץסľ˲䣬ӥĿ⿴ס
׾ȻȭҲ֣ҳϣȻ֣ס֮׻ȥıʽս㣡
˼˼̹Ϸ䣬ƾͳԽ󲿷ˣҪܱܱ꣬ȵģ߲ٴʼþȫƿľ
ŷ֣ľ治ףֲ屾ȡľҲûгɹľΪһ塣
ҲһԿţûгִ㣬ҲҪĿľȡһ̡
֪Ҳӿľ߲Ǻǵģһɱ˷һز
˲նɱʮ֣ǴɵĴڣǳԽɵľͷȻҲвһ
ͨȥϿȵײЩʬ嶼ռʮʬ壬㹻δͻƴɣ̫أҲҪʬ壡ʶؼֵܵ°ˣҲٴμסؼֵܡ
ȥȻսߣ͵Ϯ˵ؼֵܲǷˣʵУǸսǰˣҲǰܵһͿأء
ϴ󣬷ģЩʬ嶼ҵģòľʬҲܷŹԣȥȡʬȵõľÿ졣
ʵҲ̫Ͼ֮ǰõһʯһʯɾ磬̫õ̫ôҲ󣬳ȥ
ȡǿľ㾡취עϣΪֹʵǿһˣ̫пȡľ
ǷһûлӦѾľ档
ڴʱ²ͻȻ棬ϿҲֵࣺܣСˣиˣ㿴и˾ֱ֣ߣֱ߶ȥ
ҲһˣΧЩ֮УϿȰףһЩɽǿ߰·ɱȴĪһǿߡ
Ŷ
ƺѾľߣˣԷһӣʮ£ֶɫƶȡľҿϢͥα˻ˮ
ӳû𣬶ɢ˫磬ݸľľ̫Ǵδһľ˲ͨҲͰˣǿ߶ᱦɽȻľһҪһԵģ
ѵǿ߹߾Ϳкα£ȡ
ľڵ𵴣ȻߺˣʱӡжϣתԻӣȻһ
ľ֮ǰȫȡ£Ѿڵ濪ʼɶֻǼ˸˰ˡ
֣ǿߣʶˣԶһߵĻͲɵÿ²ڡ
ͥдɽ磬ǿҵ治ʶһǿߣʵ󣡡²ܿͷʵ

䣬˵ʱʱ죬ǻӣһ˲ڿУɱһ
Ҳԭһɱֻ֮صԭء
䣡
˸ոջصԭأǰұըʱըûͬʱǿߺȻ֮𵴣˺벽


1848 ֹŶ촫ֹ
ȻռϷ磬ȭ²Ҷ֣߰ɣҪȥͥܶǿ߶㣬ʵҲǷǳǿģ
ľص߾֮Ҳ߶֣ҲˣԺߣҲ֮תһȥ
žણ
ľӡֱץסû뵽һ㽫ľӵԼ֮һϳ
ʵȷǿһǰ㣬ͥߡ
һˣ
ֱ߶ȥٴսߣ
ϿȰ˷ֳɧԭһ˲֪Խɽǿߣؼɽʶ֮ǰλҲײųȥκһˡ
ߣܵģҲ֣£ûֻ֣һߣħһϣѹ㣡֮ǰ˵ĶˣҲȥؼֵһڸ֡
һҲˣٴνӡѹơ
ֵܣ֮ǰǸҲʶˣȴ֪ǺˣУ²濴λˡ
һܲӣ
һɢޣںܶɽ硢ֹͥ˳ơֹšȻɢޣ
²ڻйʱټɽ绹󲿷ִʧʷ֮Уֻһ˴ֹţʵǿҲǺðǿߣǰֻ漸ˣȴѾɢ֮Уɽǿߣഫ˵õֹŶ졯ĴУǰһɽԴʵǿ󣡡
ֹŶ죿һϤ֣·䡣
ⲻڷ磬Ǵɼ֮Уֹɽ
ʵҲֹֻŶǿȻ󷨱˵õˣħȦƸɽಭ׽ȵȶɽŷ
Ƹƾͥš
֤ĻӡǾţǰɽԶһ
ɼôҲֹŶ죬ôȻһĴڡ
ǸˡֹšԭֹŶĴߣ뵽ӡһز¶
̾һֹŶƺѾʧˣ
Զʱֳûɽ飬ʱûз򣬺ܶΪԭ٣ֹŶҲˣЩȻû䣬ʧһЩֹõ˵δǿֹԻֹͣڲɽ磬һںֹţ²ڲ߿һۣעϡ
ȻһʱĴڷ֮УҲֹŶ취Ҳǽֹŵǿߡ
֮ϣ֮ǰܸλ˰ȻЦߣҾ˵䲻֣֮ˣû֣
˶սһıǿߣ
ûλֹţȥһԺɽ䳬ԽɵǿߣӦܵ˾㣬ɱֹֹš
ֹŴݲȼ߿Ӵ壬ƺС
ֱɽǿɱһ࣬ĮȻһȣȻͥȴȻɽһǣҲͥħţֻǺɽ䣬ȻǱҲһݣ
ֵ˵ĺãǸ˵սкãҲΪһɿϣֹΪѩܣԸɽˡ
ͥǿݲ

ɽǿɱâָɣ֮ɱԼһɶ೤
ֹͻȻŵâһһɾ籩ǵâ顣
һĻ֮ɽǿܣƺһվҲɾɱ
һԽɵǿߣвֹһУֹɱˣǵźɽ˾Ĵ棬ǿ߸ɱˣȻǸߺɽˣɱ˾
ºðԵʵ۸һıû𣿡ȴ˾Ĵɱľϳ֮һֳһٴνӡѹƣתԺֹš
ϴӿʼڣǿʢɱӽҪɱˣҪɱһ֡
ֹߣҲݲȣֻȡľˣĳ˹ȥҪңǱҪɱˣ
˺ǿƣˣֿˣɽȺ֮ǰ̫ţʰǣ
ͨЦţڿɽ֡
˭úɽͷβһ˭İԵӣţħšֶͥѹ
ǿߣ桢ͨ²ڴ˽֣˶ڿֹƿʼ
ʱ治ˣϽ
֮ǰһûлӦѴľ֮УӦڷԼϢľ濴ûʲôѰ֮߶Сǧ״̬֮£ǿԴľ֮УӦľϢ


1849 Ѫ
һȻǷģһɾģѾûκво˴𰸣һǷ治ûںľֻľҪ̫࣬һʱҲԽľȡ
ߣҲⷽͥµǿߣҽҪƴģǶȡľҲ
˶ֹ
ҲܾûսʵǿߣһҲãþûǿд裬ɣʱ䣬ӿƻΪ棬֮ٴһѪâ

ֹҲֲƣٲΧץһâ֮ʣһͬʱ̤̤𵴣һǽ嶼ҡΡ
˺סؼֵܡ˾ЩǿߣƺҲû˺
¡¡
ֹšǰɱһƬըһһ
Ҳֹš˲ûˣû˿һ˲䣬˭ռƣһˣ޷˵˽γɱըһ壬á
˭ʤˣ
һ˼Ⱦ˵˼
Ǻɽⷽǿߣƺһնغźɽӡ
ԼϢ̳Ʋſʼ·һӰΪ˶Ǻ´磬һʱ仹˭
ǸǿӮˣ
Ӱľʱ˲ſǺֹţ߲ˣʮʵ
Ȼսʤߣţ߱Ͼͥպյĵߡ
ôأ
̳ܿɢȥֻ˺ѵߣתɼȷˣûܵˡ
ٴĿøΪǿ߽棺һɽһɽߣһоͷֳʤ
²ףһпɲ򵥣һйƣȴںٶȡȻƿصȵȣһǿ״̬ʩչľܣֹʵֻ΢ǿһЩǿ֮䣬ʵǿһ֣ʤԽģ
ಣ
ֹżӿٶȷľһģӿһУľٸǶȥ
ʵһЩҲľģͻȻ׷ȥ
ٴδǿߣҲľȥ˾ɽǿҲһѷɱ˹ȥ
ؼֵҲС
ֹŸոץסľδüɿͿǿɱɫΪĮȻ
Ҳһʼ֪ԸʵκˣľҲġ
ˣϿ֮Уˡߡ˾Ĵ졢ؼֵܵȵȸΪľľΧɱͨץȡľ뽫ľȡ֮ǰҡ
ε棬Ҳûа취ȥȡֻеȴźڰԶȡľ
ܿǾͼľȻϳ֮޴ľѾ챻ȫӴ֮ϳ
ϰٶľ󲿷չֳԹһ˲Ͽڶǧסǧ׵յذγһƬ͵â
Ƭʮ¿ռ䣬вڸᱦȴյز֪ʱΪһƬɫ硣
ľĲٴɱЩͷľԣ֣ٹãǿ߻ɱ
ľһ㣬ͷһһɱͨץȡľ
ľͻȻڴһˣ𵴣û˷ֶߣͻȻ¡һһӲںĶȻһ˵ɱʯһڽǳڵ档
ʲô桢ͨ²⿴Ǻڽǡ
¡
ڽͻȻ£ˣ
Ǵ棬һŴԴҲ㣬һֻԴȳ棬ľסһ֣һǾһԴĴ
Ѫ
Ѫ֣ܶǿĿ࣬ΪһѪ壬һΧ˶úǱǴȡˡ
Ѹ;סľһ֣Ȼʼľ£ȻҲõľ
ʱ·ˣɱһѪɫâͷ
ر̣ǵģǿ
Ѫſһ磬Ѫɽ¡һɱѪɫâ
Ѫ編һֲ״顣
һƣ
һˣʵߵֹš
ߣ
ѪֹţȴҲûҲûк£һӡɱϷγһ罬ռ䡣
¶ˣߡֹֹƣȻκβһͷѪ
ľǱģĪˣ
ѪЦˣſ춼ֲǣ͵ͷīɫҺ綾Һٲ˷䡣
Һٲһ˲䣬ֹšˡߡ˾ȶַӦͽΧһոûˣҲûС


1850 ȡʬ
ҽϣǿҲȥľӳҺռ䣬ϧܶ˻ûӳԶȫʼã𣬳һЩǿʩչͨѹ⣬Щͼɡʥǵ
Զ˿һĻҲ޷ţȻѪû뵽˿£ɱһֲ
ͨͷŸӦעЩ߶û뵽ͷѪ綾ϰ˻ΪѪˮϾ綾򱶡
²ھϢ֮˵ͷٰ꣬ʵֹţҲԻܣֹ綾ֹմȾϣҲԻ⣬ҺǼûȥ³ҲЩһ
䣡
ϢǾ綾ɢǧףͻȻ𵴣ҲҡΡ
û֪ʲô£˹ѪѪȡľ
漱æں츳ӦǶȥƣ״̬£ӦȻ״綾գȴľˣһױγɵӣһȻж
Ѫľ£׹ҲԤ֮⣬û뵽ľӵʧ
ľ³£ںϣ󲿷£ҪȡֻǿдȡߡֹЩ˰춼޷ȡľɼʯôӲ
ѪҲҪһӣܽľȡɣǽ˴۾Ȼӵ½ľˡһҲ֮УѪʹӵ³֣ľ֮һеضպñѪã߶ڻ£ľˡ
˫üͻȻʣһ⣬δȫںľڱߡֹŸУǣ
ϣ취ߣֹŶԻֹܴǰ
˭֪ȻܿӦ뵣ģҲ׷ͨԶʱľѴ󲿷ںľܿܽľںϡʱĴǰߣκβңǱóֶҲ޷֡
Լģ̶ȵȷ޷ģ벻ƶģȻ׷ȥǸͷҲлΪӰʧŷԼ
׷
ԼʮϢ߶٣ֻ˾һߺȣһЩӰԾӡ
ಣ½Ҳ֮׹֮УؼֵҲûзľƶԶ˭ܵõľȻΪͷ
ǿˣʬΧɢٶʬǣ߶ʴֻ֮ʣѪǣʮ֮£Χæ취ơ߶
ʱԪִ޴ڻһľϵڻһ飬ֻɴ󲿷ʣһ֣ġҲ棬ǶҲϱ
ҿߡֹš˵Ⱦͷ߶׷ɱȥԼҪģ
ʱܴԪɲ򵥣˵Ҳлᴫûжв
õķȻ־棬ֻŷ뵽顢ɵ£û뿪ͨ²߶δȫɢп档
ͨǷѽ⣬˳ˣǲ涼ˣһΣ߶
ƽͿһЩˣھ綾֮ǺɽһЩǿߣҴӸ
ʬ滹вǷҵģ˵һ飬Լһ
޵
²Եú⣬֪ǿһﵽһ磬ľϵǶƷԲõӿɣľϵͨ󲿷϶ֻ飬ӵ
ԭǺöҵģ֣ǶҲ˽⣬ô󣡡
ңǶǱǶԵͷԣһܸıЧ࣬ԽֻԼԪľϵ
һûʲôðΣˣװöӦ÷صֶҲ˽⣬ζŶûһô֪ӿֵܷ
ҾͲˣȷҺô
ϣ˵ϣ²ھûƴǡ
˸ոǰͷֳʮɽǿڵѹ߶ֻմȾ߶ʬ塣
Ȼ߶ǰΪΪһƴɣһǳԽɵĴڡ
ǸԽɵߣһ˰ǿߣɲǱȴҲЩǱ϶úüѪ⣬˷Ȼŭ𣺡Ǽٹ
²һɵϢΪ֣ȥѰ顢ͨԸˣ
֪ߵغССʥҲսҺɽ䣿ɽǿߣըð׵ʯΪ촷ۡ
̫ǿˣ˱߶ĥҲʵȷΪ߶ȴûǰʵһǿ


1851 Ƹ
ͨȥԸǸǿߣ²ھͶԸߣɱɽʬǰ㹥
ܿһ࣬Χֻʬ壬ûһ߶»ţ˺ǣһЩ߶˿˲ͻΪ
߶ȷҪ棬߶ΧҪŨҲ٣֮ǰɽǿߣ޷֮ڣΪʬ°벿֣߶ҪΧǿʢ١
޷ȡʬ壿
ֻһֲ߶ƤʹڴʱͻȻ˺һЩʩչһɾ߶ƿһץһƹâ˳
Ƹ
ͷע«âʼӿҽռ䣬𣿡
һ󣬲⣬Ϳűǣһ棬ƸƯ𣬺ڰգ«һ΢΢ƣĿ
Χ²ͨԸǿߣɽǿţҲ޷һ£ͱ߶ĵ

û棬΢΢һǾ޴ʬ徹ȻʼƸ£񱻾һûж󶯾ոմ棬忪ʼøһûС
ʵǴҲСƸÿռڱ仯һģ˿ԽͷųȻںϣΪԼƿؿռ䣬Ƹǿռ䷨Ȼһ
Īǡ
߶һɢɶԣвѾ󣬳ǵͼɿ
ڱĳȡһЩлˣǴΪԼʮˣ֮ǰΪ涯ˣûŵЩ˵ľɵ߶ʧ࣬ǲſһɫ«һȡ
ɽ硭
еƺ«
в˱ƸסˣҲϳƺ
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ǿǹɽ֮Уûƺ«ƺ«κһǹǿǲı̰
ಣ
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ͷǿɱ߶Ƹȡʬ壺ҵı
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зݣ
ĸ˴Զ֮зɱǱƸ
ʵΧ˵֪ƸռΪУϧֻм˿ھ綾ʴ´߶ͨᷨ
˼˼ҲɱǣǷҪɱңˣǿߣЩ˶Ǵɣϴڣ嶼Ǿ綾ô󣬵߶ûӿǽ֮УɱɣҾӵŽ𵤣
Сӷˣ«
ּһſɱӡץø
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ͨצӡһһԵȿֺڵһʱ䣬Ƹ
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ӡҪץסƸ֮ʣҲɱǰɣʱһɫ޹â˳ѪץһɫƬһӡ£ɫƬпӡ
á
ӡ˲䱻пӡˣһֲԾӡʹһ
ϧոպԴ룬һ˲䣬ԱǿҲͷء
ʣµһɱߣһͣɫ档
ȻǰȻһֻ󣺡ԭһֻɿ󣡡
СүүҪˣɿȻǱβһɨ·ƶнɫƬǿн
߿ǿƣпɫƬɱǰһ𺳣оȻ
ۣ
ɫâ沿ͷһΪžһ̯ѪĭԽһʼը
ǡֻɿʩչ
ȷһʥСӣ߲ƺ«һֻӵɿ󣡡
ΧžܿЩŵˣͳͳ
ԭд˵֮ɽеƺ«
ԶϿΧ֣ҿһˣ׷ͷŸӦĿⶼڻص򣬶ŲɿΪɿץŽɫƬ΢΢â
֮ǰƸһʱΪ֮
ಣ
һ̣ǰ޴ʬ壬ƸУ«Ҳǰ߶Ҳûʬ壬ֻһЩս֦Լһӡ


1852 
ʬȡҲɿ󽫸ոնɱڽ𵤣˹
ಣͨ²ڸ˹²˳٣˸ոϿһȥʱں󷽰գѾϰ˳׷ɱ
ɲΪľΪƸԼɿƬǺ«ƬǵǶˡڣҲĴڡ
ֱ󣬾ǮҲ򲻵ƸֻɽУұ«Ѿɽʧܶ꣬ƬҲֻزУЩ˶նɱ棬ܺõ
ϾһչֳʵҲͨɸ߶ȣҪ˱յǿҪ׵Ķ࣬ЩȻŹ˺ûᡣ
ͨһƳ󷽣¶Ŀ⣬ֻˣˣЩ֮УʮԽɵĴڣʵǿ˵ٶַǳ죬ֻߣ
ಣ
ٶȼӿһЩԨȥ
Ԩ
ͻͻͻ
Ҳ֪һѷ죬̫ͻȻһǿдпٴȴߴѷʯܼЩиѪ
֮ǰȡľѪ
β;Ű׶׳ľٶǿͲѷ֮УӲʯƤпһЩѪۡ
ʱľȻһڡؿ֮УﻹʮѪȻûʵҲڴɣԽ˴ָ߶ȡ
ϲõ
ʮ߸ϽۼӭӴ
βһڵϣǰЩ׷ɱȥؿҵ
һֱûƸӣҲû취ҵǣ
Էһ쳣𶯳֣úܶؾʼҲһò
ǣ
ʮ߶ˣΧüѷ˽ȥ뿪һЩ磬ȳ
ٿؿΧкܶͷǧͷʱѪͻȻһʯῪȻһܶһ˽ȥľֽʯͷס
ﲻ޹⣬һͷţû뵽Щ֮£Ȼʮʯü飬籦ҩҲкüǼӣ쳣
壬ľǰľԳΧʮ˼顣
˷ܵľ֪ΪΣһϢ͸о泩ƽʱ켸УٶȾܼӿ죬꣬꣬ҾܳΪɽ
ֽһԵĻ䣬Ѫ壬ľ֮С
ﾫľϢҲһҳΪǿﶼҵģ̰ﻨԣȻٶȺӴ
꣡
סľȻƿѵ֣æһľϾȻһЩ룬ƺľ˹Ҫһ
ô£ףһͷˮֻѪ۾ֻܸɰͰͶľ仯
ܿľ涼룬ľľҲʧ٣Щϵ䶯ľһ̾ȻС
޷ȻΪľȻ仯ܴĳ־ϲҲ˵
ľСңƺСΧǸ룬Щ뾹Ȼ죬ľҲʼһЩ֦Ҷľڷѿ׳
УȻֻܵȴţľԾʱľѾһð׸֮Ҳ͸źڰԣԽ֯һһ⣬һ㰵ڣֹľ

׸ľи룬ͻȻȥΪ߾Աߣ˴ҪӦҲģѾסߡ
߲ſʼʶľΣգϽϧľʶ˲佫߹ס´߾֩ס
ҲʵʵԴУſü˺ҧȻ޷ҧһƤʱΪ׳󣬸֦ҶҲʼ߰
ʱҲûʲôˣ춼Ǳľ֮дʱһһâ
â֮оȻһˣڰ
ڰľ֮Уľ֮ɣ˵ĺܶԣʱ˺ͣڽһɹҲںȵľ֮壬ľȵۣҲǡ塯
Ŵðࣺࣿ
ԣ࣬ӦҲ࣬ѪҺҲźڰѪҺԼѪҺһ̿ʼľʧˣ㿴壬ԶϾͷȵ壡
㾿ǹ֣ħĴ߲ף֮£Ȼ޷ľľһ¡
ڰ鿴Լ壬ǳ⣺Ӵ˿ʼҾˣҲħȻҲҿκˣӵ壬Ҿȵۣ


1853 ɽ
㲻Źҡ
Ѫָֻ׼ģǶצȻӳ˳һץȻһЩ룬ץˡ

ȴû˿ʹ࣬ΪһЦЩϵĸ룬ɹںϣͽ޹Ǳɱ㣬ԭҶû뵽Ҫɱ㣡
Ҫץ㡭
̣ˣ͡嶼չצץ롣
ó£΢΢ſ죬ֲ߶Һˮһ֮ϡ
¶ЦݣĿɲԼ壬߶綾ҵ츳͵żϢ֮󣬿߶㸯ʴøɸɾʲôȵۡľҵģ
۾ľ֮ϣԡԵȷ߶һʱ١
ڰּ䣬ִͷţ߶޷˿ʴͨҺϣûһ˿˿
Ǽܣܣ߶ͷˣҲüɵ֣ɱʿɱһףΪΡΪ޷˵㣿
壺Ϊȵۣ壬ǵǿ壬ϧ嶼֪Ȼ㶯ˣڸˣ

ƺʶʲô¶˲־壬
ͻȻ룬ٴβסȻȻɣŷڱգҲһӿ
ݣ
һӷĻɳʱպ֣۵һ˴ߴ·
ʹ໲ҽУпɳӣһץһ֮ץһڴڵ
ˣĵҵڵҰɵڵҸ㵱ū㵱
˭Ҳϲߣȳζڵһȥ
ħ㿴˿ѪһǱѪҲ̺ҾͲˣ
ಣ
Ȼľֱӷ߸УΧٸҲŷӿ߸С
ľҲ˿ƶĴʱȥһӣû˶
ʬܿһСѪʧֻʣƤǰ󲻵㣬һѪȻֻʣ¸ʬ

һӰӴ߸ʬ֮зɳȻһµĺڰ֮û֮ǰ״̬
һͶʮʱֽһ֮У߹ռô»ֹЩӦñɣϧںãЩףΪҪԲܳ壬ֻǸոγɣδСɣ˵ɣСһ죬Ѿվκɽͷǰ
ﶼȡһҲתɳ⴦ܶߡ
ո棬ʱüѪˡ
һմܶɳĺڰһûʻֱβͺɨ
ȥ
һģһڰ㣬γ߶Һβɱ㣬飬ǴβײѪѣֱӶϿ
ʶֲЩ߻ǲɱȴһдԴԴײ⻹㣬Դ˿ڣѪ
ģܵõڵưȥɫ˿ߣƿӣȡһſŽ𵤡
ڴ߶ϣһҲûУ߶ûһ˺
û뵽˱һҵѨ
ոɱߣ߶֮ʣһϮһӰ̤ճ֣ߡ
ͽˣ죡
һӰ֣ǿֹš
ڰ㣬һЦҿûҵߣǱ⼸ס죬Žնɱ
ΪҾúϤˣغֵܡ
˵꣬ͻȻ뵽Ŀ⿴źڰһ׷ɱħˣɹʱҼһɹеӣģһģϢȫһɲ⣬ֻһͨˣ
ڰҡҡͷ·ûת˭Ƕùܣ³Ƶˣ̫ˣҪԸߣǾȥ֮ܶǰͲУ
ߣľ˭Ҳವһ߿ٷǸܶ
ؼֵֹҲͬʱɳƽܶΧٰ׹顣
ǾɣǼϢִ֮ѱɱٳʱﻹҵӰӣ
ڰЦݣһɨܶתһѷ죬ﻹϢ

ĳһʯ֮УʮУԶ˰пӰ˷
ЩһϢ޵ģûЩΧҲһ΢⡣
һֻ꣬ʮһ꣬ͷɫƤҲһ⡣ӦֻͨһˣֵǣΧһǿ߶ΪģΧϢ΢΢仯ҲΧ쳣š
ˣ
һ̴üģͻȻһâ


1854 ׽ɿϢ

ʮ˼æع
üӿâ֮оȻһֻϸϸһȻɿ
껺Ц⣬⣬û뵽һˣֻǹ֪ͽ
Χֱȭߺϲҵɿ䣬ұһҪѹ
ಣ
һӰ۷
ǰδֳ𣬾ͨһ¹
˾Ȼǵ½磬ƸȥƷ磬ɿѰӡǸǿˣ
žһһͷ
꽫âѹƣΪһֻɿ󣬵ûһ˿ոһ˿˿ɿϢĳռ䴫ҽɿһֱ߶֮꣬ҵԪϢܴأһ˿˿Ϣ
һҵɿºˣȻѾɽ磬ȥͥͥһǱ
ֻǸոոӦɿһ˿˿ϢޣλҲ޷ȷֻȷĳطԶߴ֮һഫΪǳˣʮҲ޷ӦɿҪҵѡ
ڣҵɿǳ£ɿʵһ㣬ܳʱģһǾͥҵ
½罫ңҪǼһļһõҲûҵ䣬ϣͥ뾡취̻ͨᣬͨһҪҵɿ䣬Ǹ档
ǣζ񡣡
ϣҲѾһλᣬǵڶΣûеλᣬһԴ֣һҪɿͽǸҳ
굱ɣǿң˵ֻⷬ΢΢һɨû˲һ
뿪⴦ռ䣬Χ޷ɣĨĨ麹ҿɵ׼һ겻һ·
Ҳ֪Ŀǰܽմ󲿷֣Ȼܽںľľ˲УҲһ취ӳ
ӵյӳ˱׷Ѱ죬˲ܽյضӻӳ
һɽϿȣĴ󲿷²ڡͨһЩ
ôɽ𵤿ʼվӿ籼ŭʥʥһǲܴܳģѪԽ伸ˣһͷɴ
ʩչСǧںľɼ治أͷҲ԰ײ٣˲ãֱһŴɽڻȥɾ״̬ʼָ
ִ߶־컯ԼöɲȲմ鵤ҩ֮е̥ԪʯںϣѪҲȼգָٶ̫ˣÿһ춼̥ǡ
ºָ˳ңͨһϢﵽʥ۷壬ָȻ㴫ˣЩ֪Ƹ֮ǰ׷죬ͽӼƻи֪ʱյعʱʱ̿˿ӣɹ̫潣ЩҲַ֪ܿͨб
ҵ㡭
ȡʬһ̣ʵû̫࣬Ȼ˵顢ǱȻǺö
ľϵڱȻžľϵǰֻҪʣһ˿˿ҲõȴͨⷬɵһЩڡ
ǵźܶ˵棬ʩչƸԼɿʩչƬЩ˻ڴѰ֮и֪й
µڶŴɽ𵤣Ӽ̽ӡ֮Уɣ֮дǰ֮ǰһŽѾָһţ۷塣
Ծͻʥ죬ûﻹмŴڵʬ壡
Σƺ˷ʹԺֻһ뷨ʵҲǲͻơ
ͷһ󷨣ʼںϴɽ𵤣ѪգҲƸ֮УϣʬճľϵȫѪոΪ
ѾɣȻӵһЩаȴѪ𾻻ҲɣϴɽͻƶУأѾﵽ״̬޷ͻһ磡
꣡
ֻǲſʼϴɽ𵤣˫زںϣʹѪգ콫ڻʼ˲ءزءأԼһ
һɽٿȻͷ˫ֺʮڿʼһžը죬忪ʼ飬һһӿ
ȫѪ˺ѣըһѪо涼顣
زãһʹﵽʥһ۷壬͸ͻˣ
ţҲΪѹ̫ã̫ͣ˳顣


1855 ͻʥ
Žӭһ죬˽ûȫ⣬طǷСС顣
֮ʣ˲ط·ǸոձըѪɫ磬ڲת֮潥ڶƵۣζڿʼѾһʥˡ
ϡһѪ⣬ڿʼѪգزѪһЩѪѪʼɱɣѪС졢죬֮ȫɢ
תٶȷҲޱȿտδͻ֮ǰǳ桢ǿʢʧˣֻвһ㡣
ͨˣͻƣû£ԴɣҪҲǳѣǿ߽𵤣Լκʾϵҩҩ̥ԪʯȾֿʼתһɹɿ
ӽ֮У濴߲Ԫ컯Сǧǧʱ־ȵȹۣ۶Уͻ۾һͷͷػ𵤡
ڲռ䣬һƬɫ磬ΪƬɫʣýڲ֮һǰɫ
Ҫ粻ͻƣи
ʥ죬Ըоʵˣ뵽ֳؼֵܡ˾졢Щǿߣʵ̫΢
˲ؿռ˲پ㿪ʼֹҪӡɽ㡢ʯסս׵ȷںϡ
ʶƸʬ壬ͷɣܿһâ
飬ΪĴڣһһƮƮȻĸоץһ飬ڴŲٵۣ໹
֣һʱ佫ץ²ڡ
ҾͲˣǺöһӣͽġ
ͨͻƳɹһƣˣʱͻƴɣǾ磬ѹƺЩ꣬ͻ治
ȥҴǴҵǾʵ޷ҵǱ뿪أ
ͨͻƴɣֶֻкܴ仯ͨͻƴӦÿԶԸдɡ
ҲֻͫХǬ粡̫ӡЩţѹͨ
ȻѪ֮ȥɲںϣֻ΢΢ζ޷֪ʲô
濪ʼʵ֮ʣҲںϷںϵһƸ㡣
仯ǿƣȻ޷ںϣ֪Ƿʲô
Ϊͻƣ˫ӡҲΪԣŵɫڲѪҲ
ںʯףʯһ仯ҲûУǰںɽȴپϲ
ɽ⼣ְһЩͷŽâһЩں֮оɽһڴѾõں
ӡҵҲһЩ΢߶ӡ֮ҽһַɳĸо򣬿ȻΧռںϣʲôʱӡ
ĿڽѺ״̬ӡⱦϺöֻͻʥ죬оҲûٱ仯
ſʼںսףӡǣһͻԼ״̬ǽڲ編ռ䣬Ҳʱʱ仯ͻ
ϴȫɫںϣͻҪ࣬ҵļҴͻѪȻѪԽܵӡǵĲԽ̤ʵ
ȭͨҲ֮УѪҲһδβ֮С
߲Ԫʱʱ̶̿ڿ񱼡ХҲԳ˴ϵˣϵֻһ
Ŵɽ𵤣ʵڴﵽʥ״̬ɿ桢ţ澫Ҳ֮ǰõʯͷ΢΢ԣôգԼҲһ˿ԡ
󲻷ţȽʬдɽˣ飡
һʱ䣬治ָͻʥ죬ʵԡ
ֹϾ˵ܺǴ֮е
²֮ǰðǴյΪ꣬Ѱң˾һЩһЩѩǣʵԳԽɣ̫ࡣ
һͷԳɱɱˣǱȴɸЩǿߣҲԳ֡
뵽֮ǰȡľʱͻȻӴ֮ðѪ;òˣڲԶԶ֮ǰʶŹĻҪֲ
ֲԹû˿صܣЩڣЩˣҲռˡ


1856 ̻׷ɱ
ԼһƮʯƽԭ˷ʯң²ڿ󷽣ǷλŻȷȥѰҵǴ󣡡
ͨҲùģʵһ˼ͻƣϴ󣬲뿪˵ҲǴк̫ܶ
治ɵÿ²ڣ֣Ǿ뿪յأ㻹д𣿡
²ץһأһЩҪҿҪֿϵܣҵķԺʲô¾ʹ߶Ҿһܹ㣡
УҲץһ
ʵʵǿЩʱ߶໥Ӧͺˣ¸һͥԸӦҪǴΪϣǴΪҲԴ߶Խʱͥ໥Ӧ
ϸԼ෽ע⣬ء죬֪Ŀ¡
һᵱģֵҲǣپۣ
ಣ
²ڴԷƺյա
桢ͨվԭغüϢĿǵӰʧһȥ
ͨһƳ뻹˵˳²ںһֱɲӣˣƺû֪Լݣ
Σһ·һδΣ²ڴδһҲûһǲ˼㹻ˣÿ˶ԼܣҲδ˵ݣֻҪľˣαȥô࣬ʵ˾һˣ
˵
ⷬͨóϷҲ𺳣ĵģʡȵ£г²ˣȷܿɹ
ԼɳʮѰҪ뿪أˣ˾һɽӦУͨȥ˴λ
ͨȥ֮һʯ
ţ
һʱͨʱͻȻһɱҲɽ˳
ںظӦͨʱôˣˣҾȻ̻ᣬǮǴλ̻˹ҩﶼǵˣ
̻᣿
ֵط̻ģ̻ҲͰˣ̻ԾһӣǼ˲̤ɽ磬˾̻ᡣ
츳Ӧ󷽣ܿ쿴ͨҲͬʱں󷽿üӰͨһɱ
ϸһƣԭ̻֣ǰиͨ󷽣Ҫ֪ͨͨԼҲ˸١
ǲͷһӶϴ̻ûǣαһδһ֣ǴΪ󲿷ֶλɣǿԶԸҪǿ󣡡
лŶ֣ûˣյ̻ôɽ֣Ҳ治֣һ棬㹻ǼʵһյиִһζԸ
Ȼüͷ벻ףΪ̻Ҫͨô˳룬ֻ̻ͨ
ͨȶԷߣڰи̻ᣬҲ츳ǶԻӦþ֪ԭ򣡡Ц
ǰڷһļϡ
ͨҲ氵дãٽʯߣ̻λƴɴ£ͨ󷽽ǧԶ
պ츳ǣҲ΢΢߶СǧӳڸӦ¾ֺ
ͨżʯ֮ȥܿƽڲͷڡ
һƺֻһˣһҪǸӵƸˣԼӵɿ󲻼Ӱ
ƺڸ٣ʯֶȦ
ƴɵͳɱߵ
Զһ̻ô֪ϢˣֲøͨѾյ磬ɹȻʩչøɿɱһ̣ע֮ǼҲЩ˰סʱ׼κһˣᱦ
ಣ
䣬Ӧ״̬£ʯΧһЩ
ɿæӦЩȻʮָ̻Щ˶ƴɣһΪԽɣһīߣһΪԽɣоɲ⡣
ͨӳƬʯ֣̻ǿߣ̻ᾹȻ˸ʶΣٶһ˲ٷɳʯ֡
ϢΧͨʯַǰɽܿںǧ׾ͳֶʮ̻֡
һߵͳԪδִ˺ѹ̻ҵľǣ뿪
ߣͨһƳ󷽣ȻЩˣӦܿһƱȶ
յؿռ䣬мϢٶȲϼӿ죬Ȼ˺һ
˫øӦܴſԷ
ī߿ͨһܼűʵƸǵõϷԷŹǣ
׼֣
ôܣ˵£㽻̻Ҳɱڣ̻ü
ʱֻһˡ


1857 ֹ

ߴƴɣ׷׺󷽣ץһڻʽϹⱦͷţʼٸһΣϷһ㹻Ҫ
治мƥ򣬿̻עݣб£ɱ
ΡȻȵǼѱ̻Ϊؼ׷ɱͶ󣬺ܿ׷ɱ֪̻ͥ罻ˣΧ̻ܶǿߣΧ׷ɱǣ·
Ϲͨץ׼֡
īֱƽףײһǿ߻ɱʥ
ݣ
ǿɱʮ˵նɱյظҲ顣
桢ͨüͷһʣоǽɱ޷ȫͷԼơ
ಣ
һ̣һӰͻȻ˫룬ֻһӡϹ⽣Ȼ¡һ飬ڲʽױɡ
ۣ
īҲѪ桢ͨæѹƹƣ˾˭Ȼ̻֡

һԷһˣ˼ΪᣬҲʱ桢˲ϳˣ˾Ȼֹš
īߴƣץɽޱȶŭֲ̫ȳ⣺˭ҡһ̻£ѵ֪̻ᣬ̻֮ͥһ
ھɱǣ̻᣿ǿ̻᣿ˣһСС̻ͥˣûֹһں
ɱߺ󷽸֣ҲԴŴ߶ɽ
ն
ֹͻȻϷץһָâ
߳壡
̻ǰ˴߶ɽƾ˶ӿϷͻȻɱһ׹⡣
ѸͶжʮǿ߾ۼͷƬâһʱ䱻׹飬Ϊ𺳵ǣһǿһ޷мܣϵһԪ񵱳飬Ѫ
һ̣ʮգǵöǱײ໥ɣ˿罣ɱ
һУնɱʮɡ
лһλǳԽɵľͷ
ֹŵֶЩǿ׷׵£ҡҡͷһ㱯ɫϣ֪жһСС̻ͥᣬĿ⣡
桢ͨల£ͨѾľ⡢ֹűȶԷʱҪǿ󣬲ʱǸ̫Զھ̫֪
Ѿߣûȥߣ̻Щֶ˦пܣһǿľͷٶȣ
̻᲻Źġû뵽ǸīѪѡѪ֮ʣһ仰
ֹûȥ࿴һۣת棬ֻߣˣҸоù죬еţ
Ĵڵ֮Уûҷ磺ǰ֪к£
֮ǰһľһ㼸һģһˣһǺڰϢ˻ƸҾͺϢģҾ뵽ľǸˣ˵˵ʲôϵֹŻֱӡ
Ȼ˵Ǻڰ
⡭
û뵽ֹģһڰԭܸˣû£һġ
ֹΪڰλشһСģֹܱŵնɱ
˵ˣǰ˵ˣҵֵܣûйϵߺڰ֮ħ
ǾˣֵܣΪǰǿ󣬶ֻһʥֹŷ·ְڰ֣ľõԵҲԵ㽫Ƹҿ
ƸȻΪ˱«ڵѪ
Ƹӷõģһֱĸα뵱ٷˣѵҪʧȥø
̣
ڼϢԥ䣬ֹϽһĨơ
ƣεǰҪҵƸ𣿡
ֹޱ飺ƸԵ˵Ҳף㽫ƸңȻҲ㣬ܶöֲö㽻
ǰӦ֪ƸѱںϣǰҪȡ߱ǳǿҪ뷨ںϣлشӰ죬ҿԸ«ǰԸǰҪߺ«
ﲻģұö㽻ԿֻԶ֡

૿ЦһֹţϢǿһ֣һǿͷϢһǰǾǶɱġ
һץгһƹâͨͻȻסˣ⡢ʹð
ֹ΢ЦܴҪҪʲôУûʲôûУһԴĿʼ
ˣ
ಣ
ͻȻһʮˣ̻֡
һ־Χסʮ̻ʬ壬һŭޱȣԽɾͷ£ֹš桢ͨȶ
׼ߡû뵽ʱ̻ȻˣסֹţǾϣߡ
ȥΧɱˣǸӲӣԸԽɵľͷΧʮǿߣ߶֡


1858 ˭
֪ߵغ񣡡
ֹͻȻٴָһ
߳塢߳壡
ǰ֮ͻȻһĻĻ׵ٲƣ·յؿռ䶼п
̻Ⱥǿߣû뵽ˣ˲ɱ˿ֲƣýӡͷȻ
ֹûпǣ棬Ҳһ̣һƬ׹ɱЩǿ߷׷ױԪ飬Ѫ
ԽɵǿߣзҲֶ䣬Ѫλƹ¡
һУο˲ɱʮǿߣ
Ҹ㣡ǵңЩֱɱҲȻ޴棬ֻܽƸڲ˲ؿռ䡣
ҲźΣˣ˼ȫ֣Ҳ޷ֵ˴ﵽɣܴ߶³֣ԷһϮҵû£˲
ȥɣ
ҡҡͷƸ̯֮ƿ«ֻ˺һһĶʱڱðѪ
û뵽ͻȻǰֹţ֪ʲôˣҵĶǺõģδһȥ㣬ȡҵĶ
ֻΪİǱ㣬ǹһԱ죬ҵҲ뿴δȡ߱ǵһڹ˵㣡ֹŸֶżȥһʱõ«
ΪӦйأȻȴͨᷨ
ͻȻһӵƿն
桢ͨ·ץסһ㣬ϲҲࡣ
û뵽ǣȻǸոȥõĳ²ڣӰʯ֮һۿǧ⣬˲ϢƸԱߡ
ֻǻӶ䣬ͽƸ档
֮࣬治û˷ܣæߺ֣ôˣĪֹ֣ű֮ǰڵϿȣΪǿһп˲ɱʮɣԽɵľͷ
²ƽʱǰ㣬ϲŭǳֻǿѹ˰ˣҺþûйܹˣ£ô뿪
澪°Ͷȥ£Ҫ£
ϵĪģҾͿΪҪ£˼ײ²ڻǲС
ʱֹҲͶ⣺˼ȻҲ֪ǺˣϢޣҪҵ£˵һ㲻Уһ㣬ҲУнɲµģҪ˵ģڲһҾҪС
Ҳһ̣Ƹġ
Ȼɽ硢ʱգǹǿߣ£ǿԶԶ֪²ڲֹв
һѾûˣҸǻԼҪѰ·Īң
꣡
˵ʱʱ죬ֹͻȻһָŻҰʯտһָûκ
գͨӶڲæ㣬ϵ̻ͨʮǿߣԱʩչϵһлɱ
²ֻһԶ桢ͨȻֹţഫֹŶһͨףҿõֹŶ촫Уնٻ򣡡
Ȼֹ֪ŶЩš
һɱֹУһԱ
꣡
ͻأ䣬һ׹ӳ²ϷʯҰը죬һ˲г²ͷ
֮ǰ̻ôǿߣģ
ǳ²ͷͻȻһȦââ׹Уγ˿ڳ²Ϸ䡣
²ھȻûˣͷǵâϵȫ飬Ȼûж֡
ȻͨһȻ֪²أû뵽Ȼһ⣬ֵܵסֹһ
ֹҲ֣ų²ڣ²Ǽ֮˭
²ڵӻ䣺߰ɣҲ˶ȥ˲飬Ҷûкôɽ䣬Щǿ߹ƻٴ㣡
ͻȻֹЦĪ˽ռƸ

õĻشȴǳ²쳤Х֮ٻӻ֣תٶ࿴ֹһۡ
ֹҲָѰ飬࿴һ۳²ڱӰһȥ
ˣͨЩţ۾ɳȥֻʬ壬ֹӰӡ
ҲԷȭ֣Ӧò³һʵһ·ϹʵͷδʩչȫʥΪ
²ζҡҡͷЦؼҴδ˵ԼʥΪǲǣ
Ҳǰͨˣ
Ӽ²ڿʼϲʥϢʹǱʶΪһʥҲûȥʣºоҲʼûȥʹܹ˭
Գ²ڶԣȻܵģͷʥϢȻôĳЩˣҲΪΪʥټֻǾó²ڲΪȻʥȴһߣ磬˭Ҳȥ˼Ϊٸʵס
һ̣ʱ·̣֮Էȭǳ־˭
²Ȼǰְס˫ȭʵұͽг²ڣǰõ֣ɽһƺƺʱҲ̫˵ֵܣ˶֪ҵţ֪ұǳ²ڣ


1859 ԭҲǷ
ζˣ²ʵҲûʲôֻΪΪˡ
ҵݣǺǣʵִΪʵƬټ磬ƫƫʶ
ȷͷ
ֵ뿴
²ڵ˺һЩ˵棬Ӷ䣬һ㵭âûаԵҲû־Ө͸Ĺĳˡ
Ϣһ֣ΧȻѹ֮Уȫ޷Ӧٿ²ɵ£һͨˣϢǳӡ
ͨĿ࣬Ӧ²ϢϤϢˣ⡢ǵҵһ㣬ӵǹ½Ϣ
֡
ľͷһ棬ϢȻ䣺ܶݣûȻǡ
²쳩ЦͶˣһж˵ͨˣΪǷ߰ҲǷߣ֮һĬĬԵ֣ߵһǷڷ꣬ʮУɽκ˶Ȳϵģ
ߣ
ûǰˣİϤˣȻҲһټķߡ
֮Уˣ²ԣһж˵ͨˡ
ʱӦһɵķ³Ϣ֪ǷߣϷϢǿңҾ֪һոշķߣʱп㣬Ϊߣ͸ðգʶ˳ʲô͸أһȥڤڤ֮гֽ֣
ΪһΪɡɡɡɡʥ֮ϷϢȻ࣬û뵽Ǳ˿Žɽ磬˷ַݣʱҵǲ֣ΪΪߣŷɽ粢δϴϢžԼκ޷ҵϢ
ʱ²򣺡ϵ軳ԼҲ⣬Ҳӵвյ֮иоݣƫƫ벻̫ңԶҲ͸պ㣬ҸԶʮԶҾͲᷢˣǿ⣬һ޷ϷϢ
ɻʧˣҲҪʵ֣ͥȣҼǵǰӥɽһΪ޽ɵķߣ
ԡʥɽ硯λ̫ɽ硢컯ɽ粻ԶҾ򡣡
ʥɽ磿
̫ңԶˣ̫ɽ硢컯ɽ֪Ҳûȥ룬ǴҲҪ̫ܶȥ
һһʣ֮ǰֹ˵ԼԹˣʲô
Ҫ֪Ϲŵйʱܶʧ٣ֹŶ졢ЩЩȻϦ٣һЩ˷֣Щ˾ֹһǹ̳ߣЩǹˡ
Ҳǵõеˣǹ
ȷˣڹѾһɲС֮ʶֹţڲĳЩЩʣ֪˲ЩõеˣһһɵҪܶࡣ
ֲֹţ˾ɱҪ
ֵܣʵҲҪǹҲʵ̫ǿΪ׷ֻǵ֮ǰκˣˣӵƱǸɽ䣬һɱᱦ
ⷬһڣٴ档
²˵ˣȻֹŴӿʼɱˣ֮ǰƺ«ɱˣʵһƽ統ڷһ
૵ų²̾ûߡǿ֣֮Ψ㣬ǿǿûȥﶼǱ΢Ĵڣ
²ڻȭЦݣˣҵˣͥһΪضߴһдǾͱر֣Ҿ͹ҲȥͥһߣһЩҪȥϵܼԺǻڸģ
ȵȣ
ͻȻŻţʧһסԷ
ͨڴʱͷŽΧӡϢ緢֡
ֵܡⷬٶó²Ҳ͸
滺ץƸһҪ鷳ְæĿǰҲֻ԰ң
УҲ֪Ǻ⣬ء棬²ҲܵȾһڴӦ
ƹӱ«ͷţΧγһȦâ
«âó²ڴΪԾָɽеıƺ«ϹʱʧˣֻɽֻмΣֱ«֣ǿߵõ«Ҳóֵܺôˣܵõ˱«
ҲڷżȻõģϧôһ²ڷǳϲ«һлһᰮͷ
²ҡҡͷֵˡ뱦«Ե
ˣ
«֮һâ֮УһߺںĽڸʬڳ²ǰ
Ϲʬ壡


1860 Ϲݶɼ
һߣһλŮӣϧˣе̥ԪʯԼ«âӡҲֻһ˿˿֮һĪֵҪɣ
ǿߣĴڣ²ڼϹʬһ֣Ƭ̾ʲôæˡ
Ϲʬ壬ľʵİŮӣΪң⸱³뾡취õ̥ԪʯҲƺ«âϧʵ޷Ҳڿǿӵ̥Ԫʯ֮һЩڣҲû
²ڳĬŵܵõ˰ֵܰܣǿ԰㣬Ҳܰ㣡
ΪΣʲôܰֲܰ
Ϊ̥ԪʯȻóһЩ߼ҩ̺ͳͳȴҲָֻҪѪ֮֮ѪѾʴɸɾѪ
𣿡
ֵܲʧҳѾȫסһ˿˿ԪҪӵѪ֮ˣǧ·棬óһΪһΪʥӡﲻɽ磬ӵ
ʥӣ·ҵ֪
Ҳȷ᲻óʥΪֻпܣȻҪһ౦лԪϱʥںϾܸ
ұҪȥμ·棬õʥӣǺε걦ſԣҵиĿȥѰҡ
౦ϡٵģҲԪ񱦱ҲûУÿȽϳԪ౦ǡԪҲޣһ̻ᶼֶ
ʥӡԪл֣и򣡡
ҽİ֮ˣһЩлҲ٣ֻ²Ҫ׼֡

ۿ΢΢һȣϲٿϹݣǸࡢ綾ʬ壬ͷһᡣ
ˣ
²ںһЩһקһЩâץһΪ潫Ϲʬ
沢ǿңֻ콫Ϲʬܿԭɷ棬յϹʬһЩ綾ըڻ֮лΪ
̥Ԫʯ
һ̥Ԫʯӳ²Ưڷ£桢ͨ˶ԣޱȼ̵ĵ̥ԪʯǴҲĴڣȻڼϢ֮󣬾ڻΪҺ塣
ҺϹüġš¸ʬܿͽ̥ԪʯҺˡ

ţȻһС˹سڳ²֮С
˲ι
桢ֻۣͨǴѪɫ⣬ſ˲ι͸ģ˲ιһСŮӣȥţ˯һ㣬
ͨ𺳱˲ιѪɫâ󲿷ֻͨâѪɫֻǴ˲ι΢΢ͷţþϢ⡢˲ι²꣬Ҳʮ˲ιɣ
²ףһŽ˲ιǧǰնɱһڰǿߣֵⷢģһֱղûóãϾֶʿԣǲмģû뵽ô
֣һ˲ιһʽ׷⡭û뵽һţʮ˲ιʮ갡Ǻεȵ³˲ιϱ
öڵϣļֵֵİ֮ˣԵ֣עҲ˲ιСŮĨɱҲҲڵȴʱ̣ǽѣҲһתĪԣֶ˸ãЩڣǷʵڷһģǵͶҲȡɣǶ˲ιȤ
ƺ֪ʲôε飬ų²̹ȻЦЦ֮ڷ£˲ιʼЩ͸
ٿ²˲ιʬ֮󣬷·һСŮһǽʬ塣
һĻͨ𺳣Ϊȫûʵֵز
ҵȴţ˲ιһϹݸʬںϡ
ÿһÿһ벻Ǽ尾Ҳͨ²ڷǳڴš
ͨȥһʱ䣬ʮ̻ǿʬ嶼ռ
²ֵֻΪαҲǰҪʥڶʱ䣬İ֮ˣ»ʮ֮һѪ⣬òϱʥӣҾΪϧѪⶼûˣûֵĴֻͨԶʥ˲
Ѿǰǿ򱶡ǳ㡢ο
֮գ
󣬳²ΪԴץ棬Ϊһ˿˿֮ӿϹʬ壬ҲڴʱΧҲϢյ
֨֨
ȴһӣϹʬȻΪ˲ι̥ԪʯɫҽʬǺΧ·˯С
ͻȻ䣬֮⴫쳣һ̣˻ΪǴϹʬͷųġ
ежͨʧɫһץɽ󷨡


1861 źħ
һͨһû뵽ΧһѣףֵϿȺ
һһЩħɷаȻ֮ǰĹӤҲһֻʮֻ
ͨɵ֣Ҳ׼֣ȻǹӤץƿܣ
£㿴ЩӤħ棡סΪһЩӤ͡۾ȻһЩħȥ
ЩӤǳżģȻûеһʱ䷢ǴͷǹӤΧӤһ̵ӹӤʬӿħ棬ͷӤȥ
ħ棬ȻǹӤΧγһӰ
ħ棬Ϥħ棬ƺ֮ǰ
ͨоͷƤڷëӤҲɱЩħ棬ȻһǲЩϤˣ
ҲһںǰϤӤҵںЩħ治ǴΣУͬźħʱĳƣ
ǱħɵĹӤһ˵ˣû뵽СӣǵñʣǾͺãñʻԱţ
ϤϤħȷǹźħʡ
桢ͨ嶼ֱԶԷǹźħʣεҲ
ħߣʵƱǿٱǿߣʲô
ħźħʵϴξǣǸļһȻôħ棬ñָӦϢ
Ǻǣ
һӰ²桢ͨǰмħ棺źħʣһɱһΣһȻԣЩħ棬ʵû֮һθ
źħʴŭϴôħ棬ǵʶӦϢͷţʻΪǴߣСӣʿܵãҸħۼˣ
ʵ֣ϴιźħħ淢ըźħʻΪԱĪǶ޷Կгɱħʶ
ʱʵڲò֣Ǹʵ޷ԸźħʶҲ֣Ǿ̫Σˣǲע⣬ͻħʴ󲿷ʶǱߣʱ²ڴ󷽳ˡ
ԭʱ¡
źħʣ¾ɱҾͲˣ²ͻȻһƳ桢ͨ
ת󷨣²ָͷһâû뵽濪ʼճ
ܲˣͼסϢأǻģҲ֪²ʵźħһƾûҪ²ٴν֡
ջΪһشùӤħ޷ǰһܸܵźħǹڲͬħ˶ԣһ˫а۾ٰпǡ
һһ˲ͽźħˣΪ֮УϹݾȻǸʬɫһҺ彽ɵİ͸ԲޱȵĵϹݾȻڳ˯
ʱ²ڱȭл֣
²ҡͷ˵ÿԼˣҶԶԣⲻ̫һ£ֻǾΪ
쿪ʼֵˣ֣Ƿһ飬ԺʲôҪģֻҪ˵һǸҲ۾
ֵҪӿʵɰﲻʲôˣαѾɹʣ¾ҪָþǱʥӣ򱦱ԪҲҪȻ仹иԪ౦ԽǲıָЧԽǾˣ
ãһԲμ·ΪĿ꣬ǧһ컯ɽ磡
Ҿ컯ɽ㣬ǧҶԲҲ̣Ҿˣ
ಣ
²ڻ޷Ӧ󷨲ˡ
׷ȥһﻹг²Ӱӣһˡ
ʥɽ磬ȳ²ڣ
ͨǰħɷ𣬾һ亹ˣǵÿЩ뿪²»湥Ʋ᳤÷ȥźħʻɱģ
ߣ
ת󷨣ģƸСϹαС
࣬ǵŰɡ
⴦ʯ֣˻źħʾ˵Ԫ
ͨģ;о;뿪أȳȥΪ취μ·棬Ҫòμʸ
ǧ˵Ҳ˵Ҳ̣ɲǷ磬ʱȷΪˣչذ궼Ǽҳ㷹
˺ȻٴʯҾĻҰ׷籩գפѰҷλͨóȽһˣʧλˣ֮ǰ̻򣬽̻׷ɱŪһӽ
㲻ǽ̻ʬ嶼ռϱȻŴظ¼
ȷ޷ҵλȷյΧյظ̫пԭشתȥյء
ܿͶͨ˵̻ͥҲǶ̻ᣬȻŲ꣡
ٺ٣ҵǸˣµõʮʬ壬󲿷ֶǴɣˣ㹻ܳһʱ䣡
ͨϽóһööָ


1862 ̫潣
˲ڰͨһööָѰš
һ²ҵٹظ¼һЩܺñϵɽϿȵȵȡ
һΧããƽԭ棬ûκһɽɽ֡
ѰţʮǡøӦһЩˣһ˻رܵʱͻȻЩ֮УоһϤڰħɷϢ
ڰǿߣôɣǺڰϢͨħɷֻкڰǿߣſӵС
ͨҲϸϸӦȷԺڰǿߡ
˸ӦţЩ˲ϿǰɹȻסϢ㻹ǵòμ·𣿡
ҪΪߣ˶ܲμ·棬Ҫ񣬲ͲܳΪߡ
ǻɱڰǿߣǻ᲻ˣǰһֺڰǿߣǣлɱˣõһߺڰǿʬ壬ǵһ񣿡
ԭˣȻҪμ·棬ҲҪμӣ˵ģǸȺˣ
·棬֮ǰǿ߽أʵȥ̫ǿң²ᵽʥӣܳΪ·潱ôΪϹݣͱҪȥμ·档
ȶԷʮʿǧף˾ںĸȥ
Ȼٽʮ桢ͨͬʱһ΢΢춯
óһɹƣʱΪͻȻ˶ĪΧɹӲɣ
˴߶û뵽ԿԪǺΧʮɹӸȥϡ
ϵھʮҲǰʮ˷ȥķλûо˵Ϊۼо֣ɡһʮŮӣ֮ǰ˵Ҫ뿪յ
Ϊֳյأ
ɻ˼ǰЩʿҲȥǸͨȥ
ʱ䣬˲𽥿˵ǴۼأȻǸȺˣһٶҲ˸ո׼һЩû뵽ִǰӦɺڰħϤĲϢ
һɹϢһ̫潣Ϣ
ôɰɣʮյ֮У̫潣ɹˣ̫潣ŵϢǼɺڰħһи͸һ޷͸Ĺζ
棡
ƸΪСк棬һ¿ƮݣСϢԷǳӣһͲС
ںϸӦʵѳԽʥǰû̻ʬһʵʵڴɶ졢죬ѾԽͨ
˸ӦҲܿ츲
ǵʱ֮ǰһ·ٶȥʮʿȻӦһЩ̫潣Ŵɸֳ֣˫
ͨͿһϿ֮Уһţڴʮ˰Ǳʮ̫潣ŴϢڰǿҲУڴ֮жˣ޷Ӧ
ˣɹӣ潫ӦΧ죬ԶһɽڣӦʮɹӡ
Ȼɹڰм̫潣Լڰʿͨ˲׹ɹټµӣҪԸ̫潣ţɡ֮ԳҲΪ̫潣Ŷ
ɣԱ߻һˣɹ֣Ӧɹʮɽڣ治ӦʮܸӦ
ɣһһϢԳԽɣʵΪ֮ϡ
Ŀǰ޷ӦϢȷݡ
ˣǿԿ̫潣Ƿǰʮûǵˣ
ٴϿȴ󿿽ٱƽһͷŸӦͽӦڴΧѲʮ֣һģϢܲ׽ҲǶԻ
Щ˵Ϊ⣬ԭʮ֮Уһ̫潣ţһǬɳԼΧüСǳǿߣǾȻͶ̫潣š
ǬɳһҲİ¹Ī˼꣬ȥǬɳǣڳǳΪżңżҸԪɱˣʱ͵֪ǬɳǷֳӪһż֧̫潣ŵļ壬һĪ˼Ī֧ɹһ塣
ʱЩ塢ǳȫ̫潣ſ£ζɹΪУžӢǿ߹¶ŪˣɡٻصյأɹҪ̫潣֡
ֳһ⣬ôǿߡǳء徫ӢͶ̫潣ţԳԽɹΪɹ֪ѻʯҪյټӣ̫潣֡
ѵɹûпǹ˫Ŀǰࣿɹĳ̫潣ֶβɣ
ʱ˵ˣǬɳЩ壬ֻҪǸ̫潣ţкڰ죬ǾǵˣɹҲҪǳ֣ȫԳûɹնɱڰǿߣΪ·׼


1863 
ͷվɹⷽ·棬ȷҪԸǣǰٿ̫潣ǴŪȥɡ񣬽֪ǣ
Ǽ˶Դʵﵽɸ߶ȣСҲĬǼ˾նɱٴɣͿɹûԽǵȾͷûǵȾͷҲֻСС֣
ϴҲȲˣ
ţ֡СƸ¸ͣ
ʵԽͨɿʵܴﵽ¡
ǼۺֵĻѿӦƴǵǿߡ
桢ͨ׼ãٿЩǧӦÿڲද
ܿ뼸Ҳǧף£Ӧͷųȥܽ󷨡
һЩӰϸڸӦ֮УüͷסΪڲӦȻٶϢ̫潣ŵһ룬ӵкڰϢǿʮ˶ˣʣһٶǬɳЩ֡
㾭һʱӦջˣڲʥ֮һʣ󲿷ֶǴɡ
ȻгԽɵĴڡ봦Ӧǹ淢ʮϢԽɣͬǴ֮УжΪ볤ХвĴڡ
εˣϧǸӦ޷ȥӦЩԽɵĴڣֻܲ׽һ˿˿Ϣ֮УҲ˵пȴ˾ֳǵǿߣ̫潣һСʵӦ˾ɣ
̫пУϾǬɳǲǿߣ̫潣ţۼôǿߣڸԺڰǿжǿ󣬿ϧӦٽȥһЩͻᱻԷ֡
Ǳʱ䣬ڲĲִ࣬ΧЩǿ֮У֪鱨
ڲ߶ɡϵ
ǾȻҵˣԪʮ⡣
ǣ˵ù̫潣Ƿ鱨ֿ˻ϽɹǷλۼ
ʮ⣬ûһӭӣѿһӣɹŮǱڰ
ɵǧڲһʲôûʣǴһɽڲвŮڰһ
ЩŮӴ඼Ǵɣʥ̫࣬ɶǵ̵ӣҲɹ꣬״μɹҲôǿߡ
󷨲Զһ磬ﲻɹŮӣӣһɹӡ
ڣϰŮ඼Ǵɣʥ̶
ųɲûеһʱ䣬桢ͨȥΧһյأͷһƶ
˽붴ϢɲһЪϢǰʵ棬㵱֪̫潣ǰ
ҲżȻ;һ̫潣ŵӣͨʱ;֣׼Ǹ̫潣ŵӣ;ֳһ̫潣ŵӣмڰʿƷһ̫潣ŵһʣ֪Ǭɳǵȳǳǿߣ󲿷ּ̫潣š
Ůڴ£潫Լ֪鱨渵һˣİٶˣʮǳԽΪռ󲿷֣ʥܣ̫潣Ŵһٶ˵ӣǾӢ
Ȼû˵ԼӦһУ˵ȥҲԽܣƴɶԸӦһ۵ӣһλʥǹΪʮݣӵ˲Ӧ
ɡƵ̵ӣػѯΣղϢŮҲҴҶȥ
ʦ㣬ΪвɹʿڸƶгѵÿУմɽ𵤾ѪʵͬʱҲ
ڶλɣҲǵ̵ӣ˵ڰʿǵǷɹ߲Ӧַ̫潣Ǭɳǵȳǳǿߡڰضᱦٴηӳû뵽ܿһЩֳ֣ǶǵţնɱڰʿҪΪߣǧμ·档
ƣȴӣֱǿߣ
ɽǿߣμ·棬ɱڰǿߣòǿߣߣǵһôǿߣιʮǿߣΪǳԽʵ
ԭˣЩһǶԸ̫潣ţһնɱڰǿ߳Ϊߣ
Ҫμ·汾ͲףҪնɱڰʿϸҲϸ񣬱ҪնɱӺڰĺڰʿܳΪߣֻնɱڰʿ޷Ϊߣںڰʿأ˭֪̫潣ߵһЩǿֶ߳ԸǣֻҪԸ̫潣Щ̫潣šڰĳǳ


1864 
ʦҲԻɱڰǿߣǧμ·棡
Ϊ·ǰЦҲŴһ죬ûʸȥʦ㡢ʦɾ۷ΪҲμӣǲ֮Խɣȥμ·棡
ɶûʸ񣿡
ǵȻģ·ʮһΣ˽ǰÿһ·ţκһμ̫ˣǧˣôʿ󲿷ֶǳԽɵǿߣʮһ죬ʮᵮܶǿߣлǵǿ߲μӣôǵΪܴӱ𣿡
μӣһΪֻеһʿŻȥ
ˣΪʮһ·棿˼ʮǿܲμ·棬ʮꡢԲμ·棬Ϊ·ͨһ;Żܵõʹ͵ı
ҵȷ·̫򵥣ô˵ǳԽЩͷȥμ·Ҳֻͨǿߣиǿߣ
·滹һ֮·ɲ̨ÿһ·ǧ԰˷ɽǿ߲μӣ·ܻ֮һûУ֮С
˾ˣΪˣҪͷԣȥμ·棿
ܼ򵥣μ·ԵõҲȥ򣬶·Ҳ౦ֻҪ˵õκα˵ģŵ۽׷кܶ࣬һЩɽĹ˵Ļǵõ򱦱δȥ򣡡
ἸżɵΪ·ţģҲо·治򵥡
ڴ֮ǰ·ʶУֻһαŽˣȻ֪һ˽ɱ˻
ˣ
Ϊ˱ΪЩǿ߶ˡ
ڳĬҲµʲô飬Ҳûٶ˵ʲôڸȴš
ʱƸڴɿˣ˵Ĳ·ȷǳпᣬһǶʮꡢЩˣҪһλԵ·˷ɽıǾԵһõЩԵЩǿ߾ԾţԽɣȥ֮е򣡡
һ̣ڳĬ֮лָѰƶΪݶһҪȥμ·棬õʥӣ
ɿ˵ˣ㵱ȻȥΪɽЩͷȥμӹ·棬õԵɱΪһɽģ綫ͥλˣȥμӹ·棬õŻ·õıΪͥһһǿߣǷߣ͸ȥǸ̨
ҪྪʵܻŻõ
ɡһϢ
֮УܾһԾ𣺡ʲôɹ֮ҪӼң
ʮֿ϶ǰǸȥɹϡϣ鱨ϣΪɹ´һ㣬ȥ˵󣬹ȻͷҪӼһеӣ
ҲףĪ٣ɹκһеӣûһõӼȻִɵӣҲûУһЩиϣҲûõӼȻֻǹͶǱ㣬ҲĪҫ
ʲôʱȥʵҲɹ֮ܺ棬ɹһŮӣȻڿⷽɹĲס
һ˲Ůˡ
ڣվڣԪǽٶԹΪյأҲ׽Ԫ񸲸ɵͷ롣
ʱͨȥڲʣˣɡȡ˫ֺʮעԪ
Ϣ֮˷֮һ⣬Ȼлһʯ̶ɵӰֻ߸ߵӣ֮УӰԽʵ
ʵһѰŮӣȻһ˫ƽƽ棬䡢ն˫ͫ档

ǿգǰ΢΢ﶯ㷢裬ҹᣬ·ѩɣƣҲͶʮ䡣
棬ݼΪ˵ͬʱҲʱ֮лعȭ
ɹ֮һâͷţ֣ߣʵȷһǳڣɹҲӣѾӵǸɣһΪʥ죬ٶȷڴҲѼ棬֪Ŭ㻹ҪŬΪغܴɾͶԣҲǴɾͣЩͷԣȻ΢
ӽǣ
ȷܴ沢δСоɹ֮ⷬʵ
Ⱥ󼸴ΪɹڿҲŬɳҺ˽Ƿߣ˶ѱ˶ԳԼǷߣˣһģаգϿԼǶԵģҲ󡣡


1865 ɵ
ɽܶʱգһ̫࣬Ҳ٣һֱھӪȣΪηɽ磬ӴΪκټߣ
һжԭ򣬷ߵȷŻǺܶ˿ʼ߿ԼںǿߣֻܻԼ磬ֻڷһ󲿷ַʵԼֻۣмٷճΪͷЦ¡
棬ҪΪǿߣ͵һֱ״̬ľǧøԶ̫طݣǸĲƣǸӴɹɵӣɹܸĲǹһɻͬҲϲܵɵģ뿪ɹ㣬¹ڣȥɣΪߵȷҪӹ̨Ϊʺϣ
κһ仰һ֣ĳ˵һ仰ԵøΪ翡
˵棬·ȴɡЩҲ㵣óɹ޴Ͽɡ
Ƿ
һóϷ񣺡ɹǵɽ磬һȻԶɹӣлȫ
Ҫʲôȥɣڵ㣬ԼȥһΪ֮ҪֱңζԸ̫潣šڰҲһλᣬȥĥԼɣ
˵ⷬ߸Ӱʧ
͹ͱ
ˣҲһ˵ζԺɿ
ĬĬƬӰĬĬһ̾Ҳ˵֮ǰһҲɹһֱںη
ӡӵһȡ۽磬ҲǿǷ䡢֪
Ǵ˾Ĵ䡢ֳҲûЩ
ʱһ£ǲţϿ̵һ
˵棬ɵӣ˼ԣʱɵģȥҲɹɹʷϣûݵӳ֣ǶȲ㣡
ŮЩ΢仯ͬûʵû˵ȻңλʦȻԵǰǸӣҶЩںҲܶǳΪ洫ӡӡ̵ӣǳϡϣҲǣ
סƣǴ߲𣬽ҪֶԸ̫潣ţϻڼƻƺܿ⼸죬ͻͻϮ̫潣ųѨڼŻһЩֹæǷɢϢЩǿ߹ɱڰǿߣȻųҲҪһ̫潣ţ
ǵ̵ӻΧɱ̫潣ţҲԳ֣ǶǳԽɵĴڣһҪ̫潣Ÿ̫潣Ŵ󲿷ֺǿߣֻҪԺȥǧɽǵҲͲѣǺú׼һ
˵꣬˾ۼһᣬ뿪
ͨΧ̶棬ʵԶ̶Ҳ벻ġ
ʵ̶ҲûʲôĵģֻǸмڵ¹
עзڲԶһ󷨣ںܿӦһЩˣЦȻʮˣֻʮˣǳԽɵǿߣЩ˰æ̫潣ڰҪˣ
Լ죬еӴֹͣۼһҲʧȥʮӣɹⷽпһŮӣȥЩǿ߽
ŮӦþǳϼ
Ⱥ֣д󲿷ֶͥᾫӢǱɹ
Щ̵ӣѿʼжԵµӰдܿʮԽϢˣʮŮӣһ붼ŮӣЩ˶ɹϡ
лһߣһۣˣҲһ𸱳ϣصϸоѿյϢ
ӦɹȨʵһλ
ٵӺֳܿʮɣ桢ͨᡢɽʮˣһλ긾ŮҲһλϣʮģ䵽꣬ƤŮࡣ
ҴΪǴ֮΢΢һЩҲһӵϢ
ҲиһЩ顣
ɹʮ꣬ɹ֮г֮һɹǳ겻ţÿųȥһΣһֱɹ֮бչСʱǸ¶ĸڼ֮ж֮ǰǺӵˣշתȥײɹӣɽɹС
ԭΪϣҲǾĥѲн졣
ɹ˿ʼжʮϴ죬ʼһʮǿҲɹϰţΪһǱ
ɡ桢̶ͨȵӣһжʮˣǰСͿշУȿ̫潣⣬ֻ治С


1866 ̫潣
һ̫潣ųѨǧ⣬ܶŮӶǽŵԺΨгЩ̵ӣȻһЩǹҲپֳ档
ܱ򶨵ˣ桢ͨ
ԭݷһʱ䣬ڵȴ鵽λǲ÷ͷʶ
ӵȴ֮Уûиֽš
ͻȻÿ˴С̫潣ŵӷ֣ϳɱˣǱ󷨲ų֣

ÿһΣɼС
̫潣󷨣ҲһЩɽ塢ʯΧžƺҲ
һ̫潣ŵӲԶʱÿӶǽץסɽе̶Ϊ̫ţһСĲȶһ֦
˭
̫潣ǵӷֲԾһ

ڵӶ׼߶ɽһָһ̫潣Ÿոһֻأͱɱвӣ׷롣
ġٴδŴҴðѪʬ徭
һǰΧи̫潣ŵӣҲǬɳֳǳǿߡ
ŲֻץһɽһڻʽƷϳһѹɽΧӶܸоɽ֮У̺Ŷôֲ
Ҳֻܵȴһʱ󣬴һͻȻֽɽһġ
ݣ
ɽͻϮն
ͬʱٵӶܿΧҲһЩҫ
䣡
¸̫潣ټ󷨽磬˲䷢ǱըΧضɽҡ
Ϯ
֮⣬Щذ̫潣Ÿ֣飬ŷֲԾ
ɱ
Զʮס
ಣʮ𣬵Щ̫潣Ѳߵӳ֣պɱһֲ
桢ͨҲʵչ߶ȣΪֻһ㣬󲿷˶ǴΪ
η˳̫潣ΧѲߵǱȴЩƵ̵ɱ
ɹɱ
ȫݵ֮УִʿߵղȻŭХ
һһɳٵʿӰɹҲΧɱ˫ڷϿն̱ɱһ˼Ҫ¶Էء

һԽɽӰӰһӰ˷ɱ֮С
ܶҪɱЩ̫潣ǿߣЩӰĻţǿǳԽɵĴڡ
ɹⷽڵӣ֪ԮɱˣЩ˶ھͿɶԸЩǿߡ
̫潣ӲùɹҲ̹
ⷽʮӣΧһΧѲߵɱһ𣬺̫潣ѲߵӲǱնɱŵ
ʱҲ̫潣ŵӷˣɻ˷ҲʮⷽɱлмҲд󲿷֣Ƿɱһͬ߶ɽʮɽڰγɽ󣬽ɱκʡ
˿¹ƣһʱòٵӶˡ
һΧӾۼһ𣬲ýһɲǣƽƣγһʽʯﵽɣ߳һȣͷţһƬɱǰɽ
¡¡ɹⷽ񽣣ǿԷǰ˫ƿ࣬˭Ҳûռƣٽ̫潣ʮס
һܿɹһɹ֣һǬɳЩССǳظ֣ûкڰʿ
ɹⷽеӣʶ׷̫潣һֳǳǿߣϧԷһѷ䲻Ҫɽɱ˹
ɹٴɱһνƣԷ󲿷ɽ赲󣬶ԷһͨҲɱɹӳɱȥȳ֣Է󲿷ֹһӡ飬˺üˡ
ӲŴΧɱȥһһ̫潣Ƿֶˣһִ£ֱӶԸһߣΪҲ̫潣ųϡ
һɹ˼ɣƥ򣬽ʱ˵أ֮أ
ӣҲˣΪ֣ҲܶԸ̫潣ţͽȸɱˣ
ΧһƳһ߶ɽɽݴΧɱһ

ɽʱǴΧҲһԽɵĴڣֳɽһɱΣ壬ÿһɱΧըһ⣬ʹΣ֮С
ٿ󷽣ɹӼһһ̫潣ⷽɱ˫ܿ䣬ֻһִɻռһЩƣʥӺǱ
ۣ
ҲʥӻɱԷǿߡ
ɱ֮Уһµͨɱ߶ʽɽһʵоնɱһԳǳصһǼҲдΪһ֮һǳصĴǱɹһɱ
ʬǺöͨæɱȥΪɱˣռʬ壬ʥҲŹ
С
Զ汻һʥ̫潣ŵӣһˣȻʮԽ治١


1867 
֮ûˣɱȥԷǸʥ죬ֱӼɽɱ
ಣ
֮˫һ֣һߣڱ֣յɽɱ˲䣬֮˴;ɽ̫潣Ÿֿˣһλʥӵȡ
ɶֵһƷʲĻʽɽͨɽ
ʽɽ˿űʥɽٶȸĻʽɽɱæߣɱһƬ֯һ֣赲ں󷽡
ӿٶȣһŻʽɽǽ֣齣ƶǸֵʱ֮׷ϴˣһͲԷ
û뵽ͼаˣһλʥС
Ŷ
ɱʥˣ沢δ˿˿˷ܣһһǱӰĿס
ԭ̶һλʥˣ
ն
תɳһĳԱǿڻʽɽɱȥ

̶ҪԷһƣǶԷɱʥɽҪȡ˲䡣
̶Ψһʶȴһɽ֪Ӻɱ׷ɱɽֱն顣
ֱһԣѾİٵӳ֣ʦ㣬˽ң
桭
ԭ㣬̶ֻǺ֣ǾڣֶΣǰһμˣһֻɶͨˡ
ȥǰߣڽԼ̶޷
̫
̶תһգ¹ƾջĽγɰ׽
ɱȥһ״ٶԷ࣬ǸһЩѸͻнҲն̶ԣЩȻ뽣һ顣
Էһʥʥ죬üݣԣʥвλʥһУǰһĻǣЩη̶̳뽣һٶȻ죬ʹ̫潣̫ͨɱҲκβ档
ʱ˿̶̣һͲһʥһɣһ³ǿߡ
̫˷ɱ
ηײʱ̫潣Ÿֽ̤ɽһɻ潣飬棬̤ɽͻȻڻһ㣬ɽһһ߶೤ɽ
̫潣ŵе㲻Ѫһɽ΢΢񣬶ԷƣȻѾԽʥܴﵽɸ߶ȡ
ʵԣֻʥ죬ʵ߷۷壬ҲͿʥ£ʥ۷嶼һЩοԷƴﵽ۷壬ӵϴʵ
Χ֣һ˲ɱƬҫ۽⣬֮˴֣лʽɽǰײһ˲䣬ʽɽμ
˲ɽݺ֮дڶϢ󣬾ͼǸǿûˣǱߡ
Ƿߣ̶̼ǿɸ߶ȣ̫ס̶û뵽սʤԷ
ۣ
ּһ׷ɱʧȥǿߣ֮£ǻʽɽٶȵĶ֣ɽնϡ
ץɽһࣺʦ㣬ȥ֧ԮųϣɽͨסǻɱЩͷ
ԭӦΧȻ󲿷ֵӶԶԸ̫潣ǿߣһʱûΣգͲͬˣһ˶ԸԷһϣƴɡ
ȥæҲ޷֣ϼͨ޷Ըģ˵ͷһЩɣǶԸҲǳ
ᣬϣԸԷɸ֣ڰնɱ֣ϻмѪûʵͨɵӣȥϡ
ٺ٣
ͨҲˣһȥΧ
һһͽභɸɱˣ˵ΧʮɣкüλɣټŮӣɱƽΧ̫潣Ƿ
̫潣߸ɶʱɱΧͬŴǵüٰʱȳϽԷնɱܹ֧Ԯǣ
Ҫ̫鷳ȷ棬ǳûնɱǣͨڼǰʵģͨȴɱȥ
ҪˣһʵɵŮһ
ʦģΪû⣡ᵹ桢ͨûаգ֡
ɱʥ
̫潣߸ɣΪ쵽֮䣬ɱȴͨһʥһײдЦֹȻһɱһƬɱ״̬ͨնȥ
ֻͨܣ˵ٶȻ죬ʵҲﵽһ졢£ͨʵҲԶȴ󲿷Ķࡣ
еֶΣ
ͨƣ̫潣Щǿߣɱʢ
Ȼֵ֣ͨɱħɷӡ׳һѪâѪâڶԷըʱѪɱߴֲִ
ѪâߴΧըѪˮһ㣬õЩǿзҲմѪ


1868 
ݣ
ͬʱһɽɱǳŮӣһͬɽ͵Ϯ
ͨѪѷǳֲ²ǴΪѪҲܶɱ󲿷ִɣҲԾѪѪʴ£ǿ߸ڶʱ߷ͨǿ߶ҲֻǱ
ɹֿⷽɽлʣɱһʱ磬ʱ级˰ıʷ棬κһһɽɱâ
мڻʽɽ桢ͨҲ߶ʽɽɲɱöԷǿɽ飬Է֮Укüɳǿߣںھ
ǿǱƷˣֻܰ󶼲ټɵѪǿдѪ֮гԦɱҪɹɱ
Ѫϵߴʵ峬Խⷽж֮󣬹Ҳɹⷽƽ˫ڰ㹥أƾУһʱ˭Ҳ޷κζԷ

Χ̫潣ɹɱȴһɹɺڰħɷɫĢʱʱ
Լʮʿжʮ˾ԺڰǿߣɹŮӣʮ룬˫ǳԽΪǧ׶ڱը
ﲻյأиȻôⷽԲʮƶû
ɹȻҲ˺̫潣ţΣ
˫ɱòɿ֮ʣںڰʿ룬һ̫潣ſ۴ӣԼһߡ
ȻǺڰⷽͷߣһֱûгֻ֣Χָʮ֣赲ɹһδη
̫潣λˣܿϧԺ񣺡ʹˣǱɹȻ̫潣ŵ֮ԱסɹҲ֪ͨΧɱǣ
ϣ˫ü£ߣȻּƣǱûϵһССҺڰԣһҪɹһŮѹֲħ̥
ҲҪԳ֣ҿЩˣж£
ԭ̫潣߼Ի֮ŭɶһ·þ
ݣ
һӡ̽ɽջس֡
һƳ̽ɽһڵ۽ɽɱǣ
۽ɽ
øʹ˳֣Щѹ̫潣ץס̽ɽ羪ɳ
һ˫۾ӥۣȻһɹŮӣŮֳֻʽɽһħɱѽѷ֡
̫潣ҡͷָһ̽ɽʶƿնǸŮӴȥһĽ⡣
۽գۼ䣬ǸɹŮӣǳԽɵĴڣֳͻȻڶת
䣡
ûʽɽ赲סɽпĸУ˱пΡ
ɱЩ̫潣ɱһɹ֮󣬴Ƕ̽ɽصУֶżɵ
Ȼ̫潣ʵס
ΪͬŽñ𣡡ʣɹϼǿߣΧħǿߣһɱ
Īȥ
һӯӰӣ֪ӺζȻŮǰ֡
۷ȥħǿɱ
ˣ̫ˣҵĪܵӰ죬ɱħǿߣɱһ˾һ񣡡
ǰ伶ǿߣͽǣ
һǿߣˣֻߣˣ̫潣ʵסʱɱڰǿ߼ɱơ
˫һǹħɷۼ˰ĺڰƣһǸͨĺȻơ
̫潣ĮΧˣǰò޵Ůӣˣʶô꣬δ֣Ҳδʽ棬Ӧʮ˰ɣ
ɽɣҲм˶ְˣ̫潣ŽһٶɹǧɽƿɹӡһδϮţ̵ɹһδûг֣Ϊ̫潣ǿ󣬻ǣҲм˶ѣ
мҲÿɹǸʵ𣿹Ҳһ䣬Ϊ˵һͨˣ֪ǳΪм䷨ݵһ˿Բмĺãһʹúڰû̫潣ţϴαһڳԵǣǱƻضȡʱһҾͲˣ
Ҳ㽫Ĩɱ̫潣Ż᲻֮ʧ
̫潣ɹ
֮ʣƺɱʱᱬ
һӰǸߣ԰ףԶԶɹһΪĴӣɲɱˣҪѹȻȥ׸ߣֻŮӣߣ
ͽħͷһնˣɹδΪֳһͷʧȥһе侲
øʹ֣ҵģ

ʱ̫潣һνâɹٶ֮죬Χյؿռ䶼Ť
ɱ˹ƣ̫潣Ҳ̽ɽԿֲΪƶɽһо


1869 ʵ

ԭز˫ֽӡǰһ߶೤񽣣ٵַ֮࣬һѹЩ缲ɱȥԶԶȥٶƣһʯڴա
ɲǣ乥ڰɱһǹ𵴡ΧƶŵΧǿ߸ϽˣΧһգͣ
ɱɱ
ݣǱը֮УΧһϰֻ̫֮࣬潣űŭһȣЩɱ
һ¡ײ̫֮潣ɱˣǿƽκγ飬Ц֮󣬿΢΢ǱŮӲӰ̽ɽɱȥ
̫潣һץལγɽķһᣬɽɱȥٴѹȥ
ʱǰһ𵴽⣬κһ𵴣ֲЩܻɱƴɣԽЩǿߡ

˭֪һ̽âһѩ׷âס󷨱ըǻը
һɫϽ̽ɽ𿪣ǰɫбӳ֣Χͳͳ顣
̫潣ΪԾɹһͨһողƷ۽ױ
ȥǱݴ߶۱Ҳ̫潣ŵһ
۱ƷʳԽֻͨǶǵ۽ƷʣԽԷѹưˣʵ֮ϣͿű߱ѹ
̫潣һѹ̽۱ִһ䣬Ӱն£նб
֮һ𣬽˺󼸲ûѪֻ΢΢Щ԰ס
һҿԽסһܽסʮǰٽ۷ɣҲǣ̫潣һɡ
ܵһӰ죬ֻһѹ۱պХػһȦ
ٸ߸Ϸһиȥһ۱ɱͨҡΡ
̫潣Ȼ΢ЦͶҿԺ㣬³
ٴαײ˺ȻʵԦϣ϶ԷһأȻֻǵȻȵһ䣬ȴڰ糼ԭֻ밲ˣڰҲԴҪڰǿ߶ѹ

̫潣ٴһݺնͨγɸ͡𷨱ײǣ˲˷ը
ͨһˣơǼԦԱԷѹơ
ת̫潣Ȼնʮ۽ɽֲ̫ˣ̫潣ҲԼԦ۽һɡɵ۽׷Ҳһֲ
̫潣̤ŽˣϱƽΣҳŮӶһӲʶ࣬ЩܽҲܿ࣬Ǳ
ûзһδԵܵ𵴶ˣȥʱˣȴܼΪ
ʰˣȥʰɹŮӣǴӣϵȻɫħ̥ʲ
ħʹǿߣһֱδɱƴʱȷ̫潣֣ע档
Χ
ҲŹ㣡
˷ɹ̫潣ŵɱ
һ˲ҽһ˫۱նʱ¸һɽնΪء
ĿɷɹҲˣպնɱ̫潣һϡ
ȥЩŵӣ̫潣Ų֮󣬾ͻʧ䣡һɱǿüġ
Ҳһ԰ף߰˰ˣϲָǰϣ㿴ˣȻ̫潣ǷߴնɱˣҲˣû뵽ҷҲ
ԭ뼸Ůӣ桢ͨƿؾ棬Χɱ̫潣λɣѾնɱˣʣ϶Ѫһɫ췢ϣмܡ
һǵһμǱֲùҲ࿴ȥ֧Ԯǣټӣ׼ɱΧӦͬţϢһɲǷԾȥ

ŰףͻȻʽɽὣӡɽĴնȥڼ佣â㱬ףʵԽɰٱ
ˣǺ󳷣Ҳܵ𵴣Χɱ˵ĸǣһŮӶԴҼæߺ
һͬˡ
ϣɹ
ĴѪƤڰ룬ɹΪγˣȴ̧ͷʽɽİ׽âһˡ
ۣ
âɱ˺߶֮ϣļµֵסʽɽһҲù²Ѫ

ͻȻһħͷһǺ󷽳֡
үһ·ԭͨ͵ȴոǴҩ
ۣ
һͽ˸ˣġ
ʱɴʮŮӸϹպȵɵҩȻȥΧ֧ԮͬţĪҪɱﶼǳԽɵǿɱ
ͨȥѰҺڰǿߣлͶ֣ڵɢͨĹͨǰ


1870 ͵Ϯ̫潣
ͷŸӦںϣ츳Ӧ֮£ǧͼɹһЩϣԼǿ߻̫潣šԼڰʿɱ˫вһЩʬ壬ԼԽɵǿʬ壬ɢǵ档
ңˣȥռЩʬ壬ЩԽʬ壬Ȼʽ׷Ҫ
ͨ۾ˣӦҲ׿ڲвʬ壬æкǱȥ
ϴ㿴룡
ӦһЩ
һֲ⡣
ɲǱǰ򵥣һ纮̶ɵıȻѹһɽϣ󷨱ǵ۽
ͷڽ棡

ͻȻ̽ɽԶһǱ˻Ƶ
źٴѹ̽ɽһ׹ڰռʱҲֻܹ¡
̧ͷѪѪħǱ֮ϣƮһŮӣŭХܣ̫潣ʮ꣬Ϊʵ
ǰŮû˵ͻһƣ
ԭ̫潣佻ֲ֣ù˿£
Ȼ䣬һ֪ڽ档
ۣ
ֻһƣ̫潣Ǳһâ飬̫潣Žâ飬ƷѪɡ
Ȼ̫潣ˣҹһƣҪС
ϴû뵽Ծʵ̫潣ɹ̫潣̻һЩҲΪ֮
ͨǰ洫ˣ̫潣ʬҵģһ𶥼ʬ壬ȫɿܣ
䣡
û濴̫潣ǲˡ
һĻ֣Ҳ׼Ҫ׽̫潣նɱû뵽ͻȻɱһƬħơ
ħƾһɽ͵Ϯɱ֣ת߶Ǻסħƹ뱦ħɡ
㾹ȻɱҺڰ磬ɽ簲ŵĸ֣һߵͳ͸
̫潣ϴһڰǿߣӦϷŴ
ಣ
Ӧ״̬£˿Բ׽ڲһжҲ
Ʒȥһ˫ָһɹŮӣŮӻûһǴΪ
Ů£޷Է
ಣ
ħ֮УɳŮӣû֣Ǻ߾ͽŮġ
߱ƽЦϷû뵽̫潣Ȼ֣ⲻӦãҸղű͵ϮһԽˣڿƺûˣ
ҡһû
Ǹ̫潣Ҳڰ֮ͣѪͷơ
ߴһϢñѹòŮӣΪֲͣؼǴӣҪѹԺл׸ߣ
ħͷһ֪ɽ磬Ⱳڵѡ񣡡һҲ⡣
Ϸɽȥæͨ͵Ϯ̫潣Ĩɱٳ֣ͷԸǾΣˣ
ɱˣΪ˸ֻҪȻӤħ̥󷨽ƣΪܣǾӵһ伶ܣˣԺĥ󣿡Էȴ˵ĻҲڴ
̫ܽ潣ѹΪܣȷУͶһ֣̫潣ƳΪܣʵֻһɣҲԻɱκδɡ
ħϣ
ʱħ߳ˣΧħħƣ˻Χ֡
ҪΧ
һ̣桢̫ͨ潣·֡
ϴ󣬷İɣ̫潣ѾˣʵһɲֻҪ͵ϮԼԪˣʱƸռɿںϣӦ̫潣Ŵʱ
̫潣״߶ĵ£ͨץʽɽ
ɱ
ͨԪΧĵӿջ棬ƻΪһͷԪͻ
˫͵һɣһ޹ⲨüԾΪһͷͻӰ·ɳ۶ȥ
ͨҲ֮ɽݵһɽɱȥǻʽɽ
ʹѹǼˣΪѩޣ̫潣עϡ
һŮˡܣ

̫潣˵꣬ͷΧͻȻ飬˫ֱͷĪ㵸

һڻʽɽ·̫潣ʱѾˣɽ󱳡
Ŷ
Զħ߿̫潣Ǹģһ
Ҳ֮һƳ΢΢һԼͨӣȻͷ̫潣ѹ
ʥԪƣʥ
̫潣ԣ˲Ԫ
ͨԪһͷֲյԪͻԪ󣬶Ԫ񽣹ɱȴ޷նͻͻײԼͨԪɡ
ˣ̫潣һ뷨ΪȴԪܿơ
Ҳܾ
̫潣ҽСͻԪͻɽ˺ԪռͨԪײԪ񶼿ѿ


1871 ͨ
ǾǿߣҪַʥԪͻƣһ޷ĬĬؼӳͻԪ񣬽ԼԪ顣
ˣͻԪЦ
ɶ񣡡
̫潣ֽʶʶع鱾عͺãſ۾Ϳ桢ͨվǰһڻʽɽ󱳣պôؿð磬Ѫӿ
ѪħдôˣϿ֮ˣںӤħ̥󷨣ᣡ
ͨӡһѪǿӿ̫潣Ժڡ
ֻϣʲôҿ̫潣ҲУ̫潣ͨڶԼʲôꡢճ˻棬ٴͷš
ôɱ˷ѵˣ
ֻӶ̫潣һѹ̫潣ϷγɣȥΪһɫС
г̫֮潣ͨƣɷջ棬޷мУ֮У̫潣һĻֺò׷ֻͨʥ
ٴͷ磬ǱɣǷҲ˿ӿѪԼƤ֮ѩɡ
Ӥħ̥󷨣֣
ͨڽħӡ̫潣üġ
ͷԺ֮УħǿйԪ̫潣ֲšߵͨԪϷ뵽Ԫл
ħһ˲ѹͨԪûˣħӡѪͨԪ
̫潣Ϩһ˫۾Ҳţͨһץͽ̫潣ġ
ˣǳɹˣһ䣬֮£Ҷ֣ѹһ䣬ֲӤħ̥󷨣֮ͨоͲֹвҥŮū̫潣ǿܡ

ͨһΧħɱ
ɱħ߽̤ħɷΧУץħ֣ѩױ
÷Ѿħ߶֣۴ķħ۹ơѹ֮ϡ
ͨôĿģħ߲ſˣˣҿɰﲻ㶯СԶ̹С߶ӦÿԶԸԽ־ͷ
Ƴ˼ۣܼᶨ˵ǵȵȿ治Ƕ֣ұ֣ٿԴ߶ƸڰħɷɹΪһЩ鷳
ħɱκһֳ̣ܷʤǿ߲κһʱ
ʱ治жԷȻҪٿ÷ٿħǿħ档
ħɱʢΧΧħ֣ɰǧϹû뵽ѲԺڰ磬ʮߺͳ죬Ҫ㣡
ߣ
桢ͨˣϤ
ͫ͵뵽ȥɽǼɻΟһڰǿΧǵǸڰڼǿߣǺڰʮߺ¸֡
ǴҲһʶڰʱûɻˣзּʱ֣ǿҪΟǺڼ׺ڰǿУǼǵ÷ڸһкӣһкǡ
ʱһˣһ˲䣬Һɻ֪֣ͨ
أȻһԳƣԺǿߣһͳ죬ȻɽǸڼǿ߸λߡ
ʱĮȻ˵ߣڰʮߣȷɽҲպգϧɽ磿
Һڰǻɱɽ磬ǶǿǱɽͥкЩʹ߷ֲڰ˷䣬ֻһˣһиڰߵʹߣҲɳʹǱɽΪڰ֣ῴһģ
ڰ˵꣬ſͻȻһѪǡ
ɲͨѪǣ˵Ĵǣǹͷȷʵһͷźڰ
ɿھ˵һħԺڰħַƷڻʽףڰרſʽ׷Σˣ

ɿ˵꣬ħһʧ
ټӰȴǻӶǰһ֮ͨϣȻһ۽׷ǰºڰ󲿷飬Ҳ˺һ
з˰ɣͷʮǰһǿߣҺڰ磬ʱͳı˺ˣҲնɱҽǳƳΪ²ǵ۽׷ֻǻʽеƷʷħڰɣħѪ֪࣬˰ɣ
ڰ˵꣬һб
ǶĴڣײ֮ǽ˰ףͨ޷ơ
ͨüͷæ棺⣬޷ʱסͨʧȥǼ۽ױ


1872 ǿ
ɣ
ħ߻ӳǰħɷףʹһѾӳħɱǰһ
񾵣
۴ķһɲǼ䣬ֻˣһ³
ȴţһָǰһһһɶʯ̶ɵľӡ
䣡
ħɱӻ飬Ҳͷ

飬ֳּ澵ӣҲ֪Щ񾵾ʲôá
ֻħͷ桢ͨҪɤû뵽ħͷǿ˳̶ȡ
ˣΪβ֣
˷ɳ˲䣬ȴȻһ飬˲ѪΪ֮ûһ˿ѪҲѪ⣬ƺʯ̶ɡ
ƺûԶΪƬûκѪ⣬ͨϲüҡ
ΪΡ
ڰɱĲѪɣһƬƬ˲תΧѰʲô

һ̣һһɶ񾵣ڰճ֣ȻڶҲˣ֮䣬Ҳ֮д
֮ǰͬǣһ񽣡
񽣺⣬һ鳤񾵣罣羵㾧ɫһǲ
ڰĥӶħǣû뵽һ֣Ǽ澵ڲαͽǶ飬㻹ܲȥ
ǰΧаħɷΪѪ⣬ڹǰΧһӣӶ˫֡
˰ɣǹǰˣһˣУû뽫Ƴɷϧڰ˵꣬ӶǰǲŹǰаӰһԼǰ澵ӡ
¡
˵֣ͱǰɨһ飬ΪһƬʯ
ɵڰǿ߸ոЦΧһ˲һ񾵣β棬ʮ澵ӣ߸Χס
ʲôͨͲŴ㣡ڰħɷڶ߶ǰɱ񾵡
ˣ
һ񾵱⣬ֻΪһһɱڰߡ
ڰǿ߸ոշӶǰȴ֪εԭ򣬾һ֮Уʢţһڿڰǿ塣
ڰǿ߼ûκп¹ǰħɷγǵӰӹǰ˳ڰǿ߶Ըʮ񽣴ڰǿһжˡ
Щ񽣿ʵǣ
һɵĽֽͨǰһȻȻ״̬Դ⽣ɱ޷в
ͨΪһĻкãҲͬʱ˵ˡǡղһĻһʵ̫ʵһ񾵺ħڰǿУԻûһǺεͨ
ҡҡͷҲûȻӦΪԵʣ֮ЩӦǹһӵѪӵвһ
ղżʱ䷢һĻĻѹƣڰǿ߲ǿƣκһн֮ϡ
ǵǰһ̣涼ڣԼó֡
أûʩչô񾵣񾵹ϵʮλֶΣ׽ڰǿ߻ܡ
֮ǰ̫潣նɱҲʵ̫ǿ󣬵һȴʵ𺳳ˣڰǿԺڰ磬˵ʵǿ󣬾ǺڰϢҲһ˿ԶƵġ
ݺڰʮ꣬ɽҲʮ꣬һɱǿߣںڰΪͳ죬Ҳ̤ʬƴģΪαһŮУ
պȻڰǿ߲ĳХŮǺڰħ̥ˣҲģɽ磬С㣬ʵֶΣԶ̫潣֮ϣˣȥ϶⣬Ǳ𣿱ûеźڰɱδϺߣӭһɽ磡
ɽ磿
ںڰǿΧЩʧһҲʧֱҲһ˲仯Ϊ
һѹںڰǿϣ䲻ϹţҲδйʱķɣɽ֮УǺڰɽ磬һγɹɽ磬Ҳ³
͵ŰɣҲùģͻȻüģɳһڰ
Ƿ
ͨϤַ񣬼æѣˣãǿô߶úڰǷԺڰǿ߷ӳ֣
ҲǵһμַɲǵռһҪ鷨񣬷ӵкڰǿ
ڰǿһѪͫ޲ý̵Сӡ
ַǺڰ֣ΪǱɽڰǿӳֵĴڣǣ˻Ӧ
꣡
һڰ⻪ըӺڰǿ֮


1873 ȫ
ܣΪʵ̶ֳȷ񣿡ڰǿ߾֮ɵЩϴͳķֻͨͳ죬Ůˣص̫ˣ
㲻ðп̫潣ţԸµӣһɲɱкڰǿߣ˫֡˫ɲǱ
ߣɽһҪΪұ𰡣סɹɹ
ڰǿͷŵ֣ܿû˶ΪһڴͷҲһԪƬ顣
ߣǹȥ
̲ס棬ͨȥ
⣬ȷڰǿ߱ɱֻǿȻԨһڰڷգʬҲԷɱκδɡ
ʬԽһǿʬ壬Իȡһʽ׷
ʬٴηӡִħħѪ֮ץһö䣬һģָʱǰ
ѽⱧȭ
ͣͨΪɹöָӦкܶ౦͵ǽֻҪסڰԴ̺ڰڰḯʴģڰǿģ׷Ƿ̰ӦԺڰӰ켫󣬵㣡
ӾͲˣ
ȷڰǿͳ죬ռԴȻǾ˵ģҲûпһۣͽָ
Ҳֻȵǿ߲
ⲻȣҲζӿ
潫ָպã̫ͨ潣šڰǿ߱նɱϢͬţʿ
ϣ
һͷħմ²ֹɹ֪̫潣ڰǿ߱ɱ̫潣ⷽǿҲˡ
񣺡Ҳȥæ
ȴأȥˣԼȥĥǿҪףҲҪ޶ȣ̫㣬ͻܴ޷ΪǿߣɹЩ겻̫潣ŷô䣬Ϊûг̫潣ţΪʶһɣǿǿ󣬶ǿһ֧ɽʱ̫䣬һɽһɽߣҶСģҳ£ɹһҹ֮Ҳ֮ɹѹأѾȫԽ̫潣š
ˣ֮뵽ڣ뵽羭һĻĻԷθͬⷬ
뿪磬°Ħ졢޼Щǿߣһߣڻ㷲ʱҪû㣬ôǿߣһߣڷһУػڶʱ串
˾ȴţΧʧ
Ĭãħǿʬץʱµӣͨɱ̫潣ŵ̫潣ţʹɹʬȥʶʶɣа
󣿡û뵽飬
ûжͣʱͨż̫潣ŮӸϹ½ΧҲгϡ̵ӳ֡

ɴ˷ǿ׷ɱڰʿڳҪҪһΧɱڰʿ
ԥˣɹҪΪɱڰʿó϶׼Ŵҳأöھؼðգ
ˣȥռʬ壬ΧѾۼʮӣͨȥˡ
ѡϢͨռܶʬ壬ϧûкڰʿʬ壬ȻͿȥΪߡ
ɹνٶӣ󲿷ֶ̫̫潣żȫߣֻмӳȥɹ䣬ļǴɵӣЩӶȥеͨΡ
ʦܣϰٵڷˣ棬ᶯ뿪յء
ȥѰǴԾ׼ʮڻصţʮҪȫ̫潣ŷϮ
ҲûжȰͨĿɹϰٵȥ
ˣҸطѪ𵤣
ҲȥʮѰһɽȣ֮ڲõʬ壬Ŀǰռʮʬ壬ʥʬҲ٣㹻ʮˡ
޼ɵɣͻʥ죡
ϴҲģ
濪ʼһʬ𵤡Ԫ񶼻Ϊһɹɾӿڡ
Ƹڣɿ桢ţÿ˷ֵúüߴʬ壬ڴʵɴʬԷˮû
ūҳţ
üȥͨͻȻŶһӰ֣Ȼ̫潣
ˣһ֣ͨ¡
ȥڴ֮⣬ҷһֻӽҾԲ˶ߣͨԵ߶Ӥħ̥󷨺̫潣
öɲ̫潣ǿţܷͻƣҲӳԼע̫潣ڣһ˿ᷴˮв
ɲǷѪʩչöɲʼ
öɲΪʮѪǰһЩѪöɲγںֻ档


1874 
ͨĴȭͫѧΪԽס
һʱںϷӡһǡ㡢ɽʯЩҪںϵġ
һʬ׹öɲѪѪɫнãɴ
ɿ桢Сţҽ֮ǰ飬дʬ㹻ˣ
ʬ㹻ʮ꣬뵽ĴһҲС齻󾫻Ĵպÿǿ󣬼ʬʵٶԽԽֲ
ͨȻˣҲǣ̫潣ϴָüöΪ̫潣䣬Ȼкܶر
һ˼ϵǸýɹ𶯣ǻصɹͽָɹȥ֮ǰǺڰǿߴָǣ汦Ҳǳˣ
ϧˣ
̫潣һкܶ౦ͨȻź
ÿһ죬öɲµ棬Ѫ֮о׵籼ߣƲϱ仯һ㹻һʱ䣬ѪҲʱѪѪɱ䡣
ʬ廹ʣһȺüھͺˣҵʷĿǰһҲ֪Σ
ƸĴ飬עʬ塣
뵽ԪͷҲûеõظپϰ
ͣ
ãɵڶһѪɫϢ߲׵磬߲ѪѪһ˿˿䣬·öɲ֮У̺Զ
ҪͻˣأѾͻ졢죬õԴͻʥ졣
𣡡
˲öɲʧΪ
ͷɴɾһᣬһͷּ
ɲһƬž顢ѪЩΪԣӦȫڵλ飬ÿһѪ϶ڱըһҲ飬ҲƷڡ
ͽˣûȫϽɸ߼鵤ɾӿʥͻ졣
ʱйѾ仯֮ǰˣʥ죬̫СʵҲʥ۷壬޷ɣʱҵ󣬾Ͷһʱ䣬ʮҲǴ֮еҾ뿪ǣܵʵ
ҲƸ֮Уʬ徫գô಻һʱͳɹ̤ʥ졣
黯Ϊöɲ״̬ĴѪͨ·ֽһʬѪѪΪнáɣҲӿ
ڰǿߴ䣡
ںɽͬʱɽȻûٱ仯ץöڰǿߴ䡣
ͷŻգԼ£Žӡոɾû뵽һɿºڰϢӽָͷų
Ժڰǿߣ䶼һħͷһʶָռ䣬û뵽ʯѳɽʯƯħɷӡԺڰڰʡ
ǿǰʹõĹǰ
ǣٷеһǺڰǿʹùļħ
öץͨ
ͨ˷ˣлʽһֱ֣õǰȫħ
ö౦
ֿһڴףħף
ħɷ֮Увٷо٣κһ챦ķ١
Ǳַãʱһڱףڶ෨֮УһñףĹƶɣ׿ھſ죬ޱа
ڰϢһ˿˿ñƮ淢ֱӡȻǱڰǿǰںϹķ
ںڰǿֻںϣûйӡףʶ׶УȻħ֮УϷջڣƯһſѪһٶţϸһѪ֮лһӤӰ
ˣôһŵҩˣ
εȵҩɿͷʶɿʶԼֻܴһħɷҵؼ
ҵħһ֡ѪӤħ
ѪӤħںڰ磬Ҳһһҩֻͳ켶ǿ߲ʸӵУֵҩҪøոճĺӣ֮ǰһڰҩںϣ̺ǲ̡
ǽҩƺ֮󣬻СڣٽסҲϿڱǡȵȵطסúӻҩ֮󣬲úֱ
һһѪӤħô׻մ֮УһٶѪӤħ͵ǻһٶƶɡ
ѪӤħЩӣԱڰǿߴɽץЩŮӣŮȥڰ磬ū裬湻˾ͳΪħ̥ŮӣһͳΪɵʳ
ͨõһñףǺöƷֻʥ۷壬ǻʽףôʬ壬ֱѪȥںϣһٶŵҩ󲿷ȡֽ׸ͨ


1875 ֻѪ
ѪӤħָĴԼʮţһš
ɲŹħԼƶաȫǿΪԼඥ߶໥ںϡ
ѪӤħǺöϧƲףʱΪѾʥ״̬״̬¡
ֲ鿴û뵽ʽ׷٣ȻʮɽЩš
Ǻڰ繦濴˿ȻѪħƣоѪħҪһЩ
ѪӤ
˸෢֣ڵһħɷӡ֮УƯžŸӣѪӤħ¼Щơ
Щӳ֮ΪѪӤһֿܣѪӤ֮ǰҲƿܡ
鿴ЩѪӤû뵽ħԶɱκδɣһѪӤʵҲд۷塣

ֻǲŹѪȣ潫ŸѪӤͨͨʵӦҲﵽ߶ңԸ۷ǿߣЩҲʤᡣ
εϢ
һЩڰʣ̫ˣôҲȥʱһ쳣Ϣ·סƵġ
תһһͨħɷ֮Уһɺܲͷų
СһӴ⿴ȥһ̳Ƿ̳֮ϾȻһ
һӣһѪףڱ֮ϣ˫Ϸϥǣֻľǵ񣬸͸һߣͷȻһħǡ
ƺǶħ壡
æؼӺڰؼ֮УܿҵһŻǵʮ֮һĺ߻
ٶԱǰһȻúߡ
ԭǺߣҲǶħǿߣֻ񣬿Ϣܳ忪ħɷӡҸоǺ߱ʵô죿£ڰɱɽ磬˲һĶڷڡ
Ǻߣ
֮󣬸Ͻⷨӡڴڲӡõġ
ֻһʱ鿴Ժڰؼû뵽ڰҲɽ磬ӵкܶʱգڰ糣û⣬аޡǡħȵҲںڰ
ϧڰԴʼɽ粻ֵ̫ǮҶԺڰһ˽⣬ʱȥյǴ󣡡
ҲżƸ뿪ǼͨںϹǰԼħףоֻѪӤҲΧɴʬ徫
һ᱾ͨ˷ܽܵˣ⼸Ǻñұħ֮ǰƾѪѪħڻһħʿЩ˵̫Ҫˣأͻƴɣ
޼ɵѪħںѪӤǰñס
ףץʱ䣬׼ȥϣʮ֮ҵǴ󣡡
Ҽ죬ҼƾֻѪӤһħΪͨΧӿա
أͨͻƴɾ磬ڹƾڴɶ졢졣
ȴ֮࣬ںϷɾںϣƸҲ΢΢ʯĴҲʯ
ʯƸںϣʯҲճһЩԣһա
֮Ҳɿ֮ǰ͵õƬһֱں֮С
Ȼڰõȵһ壬Ǿ޴ľ֮УԶôˡ
֨֨
ͻȻһЩ춯ΧϤϤʴ
澫ǡҲΧ֮󷨾ͼ̫潣վһʯ£ػ󷨡
ûǰͻȻһЩħЩħ𽥻Ϊħһڷա
ͷŸӦɲɫ䣬ȻϤյԨڰ֮еĹӤжʮֻЩӤеһеʮ꣬ڵУѰʲôⷽ
ĪͨںѪӤħͷħǸӦЩѲĹӤƬΪǻ
֨֨
ʱҲһͷŸӦʱһļ£û뵽˷ǹӤһֻ󷨰Χ
ˣ
Ϣ֮ͨģ̫潣
һǹӤ㲻ںˣҪЩӤҵľֻѪӤɣǿѪӤǵˣ¹ӤħҲ£ⲻ̫潣𣿡
̫潣
ȷ̫潣һǿܣκƴˣҲС
ͨ²˵Ҵ㽫̫潣ƳΪһˣÿЩӤϺڰЩ綾һƳΪˣʱ̫潣ܸӿֲ
Ȼ̫潣ڣЩӤаǾͽѹʱҲˣǰ̤أӤʱǱѾǽʱͬˡ
̫潣ҶԸӤͨɲǳ֣ȹӤɱ̫潣ɱȥּӺڰǿõħס
أ
ӤӰ˷ħɷ˳һ׷һ˫ץõʯһӣɼӤôˡ


1876 ħ̥
ڣ
ҺǹӤ¹ƣһƬһƬ̫潣
̫潣ûܣȻͨΪ̫潣ѱնɱʬմȾ綾ΣҪƶˡ
Ӥһֻֻ߸Ծָײ߳ʵâһ̫潣ڶҺʴ֮УһĳüֻӤˣʧȥв
ǴɣҲһнӤˡ
Ӥֻ̫ͨǰ޵سһСӤߣһֻѪӤҽӤץħף
ͷѪӤΧȥӤͬӤΪٶһѪӤֱɱҲʿһͨƣѪӤȻҲɱѪɫа
أ
ѪӤɱպùӤ趯צӣ䶾ҺɱѪӤ¾綾ѪɫɨȥͽѪӤɣҲֱӺˡ
û뵽ֻѪӤʵȷд۷壬ѪӤ˹ӤͽӤסħףУͨɭɭ߶ħ׽ӤѹС
ԸôӤȻûг֣ٻ뵱һӤ˿Ǳӡ
ͨ⿴ŹӤڲźħףЦúϲ£죺ЩӤģѪӤɹӤо綾ѪӤǿ̫潣ҲܳΪˣ̫潣ΪܣʵֻǰɣƶˣӵдʵҲܺɨ󲿷ֳԽǿߣС̫ЩҲԶԶǶ֣
ħжʮֻӤħЧǾʧȥҲҵĺӣʹ޵ܣһĻͨҲЩܵЩӤˣӤĸһңͱڰǿ߰ɡ
Ҷ
ͻȻһŮӲԱĺΧ
桢ͨһʱ˭֣
أħЩӤŮӺԷΧʣʮӤҲֹͣ˷Ϻ
ŮͻȻӺ󷽺
ת䣬˿һɫԲ򣬾ȻڰոӦһһǸԲһɶԲâ
أʣ´ʮֻӤԲȥԲһѪɫŶҺϷǶѪѺۼƺгɡ
ͨһʯͷڵϣʲô⣿
ɿ𣿡Ҳδ壬ͨҲ֪Ҳֻɿ
ɿ֮УͷŸӦһɨһˣǡħ̥
ħ̥
֮ǰЩڰʿᵽҪŮץߣħ̥ʹãҲŮӳΪܹߡ
ͨħʿҲĿࣺħ̥Ϊħ̥֣ǻģħʿҲŮħŮӤƵҩǿܣһƳɹŮӾͻȥΪħ̥
Ҳ̫ħ̥Ǻڰǿ߲ƣƺɿҲ֪̫ࡣ
ͨͻȻ̫潣ͷԪߣүү²ҪץǣҪǣ̫潣ɱ
̫潣ӡȻ˫һ֣һƬǰն𣬻Ϊ׻ħ̥ȥ
ħ̥ҲӦȻһٶȳӤӤһֻֻħ̥֮У˳ҲɱʮӤٶ̫һͳΪһˣյֻزҽС
ԼӼϢͱճɻҽħ̥ޱȷŭһԾ𣬾ȻɱһԽף·ħɷľѪС
ħ̥ͨ桢ͨˡ
ͨһȥһ̫潣ɱһӡץȥ

ħɷѪӡӡ飬ħɷѪҲ󲿷ֱͨʱ̫潣ץһӡħɷѪл顣
Ѿһ𺳣̫潣ôǿ֪ģֻǰҲԺɨԽɵǿߣȻħ̥ɱһͨѪУ̫潣ѹȻ̫潣ǿ١
үͲˣ
ֿ̫ͨ潣
̫潣ɱһâ׳ǿĳ̶ȣ桢ͨںҲоȫ
ħ̥ҲɱħɷѪУƵպɱһâɱ𵴣ħɷѪнǽնʣһ̫潣ǰ档
ۣ
̫潣ǰȻһһ߳Ѫۡ
ɿˣӰЩӤǰǿĸ׵ħ̥֪˶꣬˶࣬ʵ̫潣۷ʱڣһ߶ȣʱ̫潣ΪܣʵۿۣǶ֣ڲߣ̫潣ˣ߱ˣ
ͨץԹյĹǰүţ
ɿ˵ɽħ̥¼Ͳ࣬û¼ħ̥жǿҲ֪ħ̥жֶΣ
Ӱɣ̫潣ˣ֣߶̫潣֣Իɱħ̥ǴҲǾ˵ġ
ʱȫˣαĴȥħ̥ƴ
ͨ侲ȻҧгݺܲȴҲҪģ̫潣ѪӤħߡ
û뵽ǣħ̥׷ɱںɱźɱôຢӣʥʿһŹǣ


1877 ˮ
ͨһӣͬʱɨ󷽣һˮȻܿΪ
ħ̥ʯִȥٶȿݣƺܿ׷ǣ˲ˣħ̥ʵǿٶҲ졣
̫潣
Ҳа취̫潣ʵ߶ɽٶֱԽɣٿħ̥ٶƺ١
Ϊٶȴﵽ˸߶ȣǾӹħ̥ܿ׷ɱȻħ̥һ̿ʼѣٴĿࡣ
ۣħɷѪħ̥гһ˫֡һ˫ţȻԴҲѳħ̥γһһͷŮӣȲٷʱħ̥Ϊһи
ħ̥Ůһ˿ңħ̥ΪС٣Ů׸ߣͦ͹Ĺĵħ̥ӡ
ͨɰͰ;̾ħ̥ʿ
һѪħ̥ŮӱŮٴ䣬ܿ쳤һԳûëһ㸲ǶɣɳŮ˶ͦŴٶٴ

˦ħ̥ŮӾӥٴӰշ˶ٶȱ̫潣һЩħɷվһƣں󷽰ղȥ
ҪԵɱҶӣǾͳΪҵ¶ӣħ̥Ůɱ·յظϢҲ޷赲ȻΪһһܴþûʿ
Ѿ׷ǧףأʮϢȥħ̥ŮӾ׷
ͨ߶̫潣Ҳ׼ɱжԸħ̥Ůӣҿһʿ³Ϊħ̥ʶû뵽ħ̥֪˿£ǾЩߣ
ûкҩԣ֪ħ̥˿£Ļħ̥ɱûˡ
ȻҲ£ûоţʱããʯأΣճ󣬲ǿʿиǿӳħ̥Ů׷ɱ뿪󣬻ǳʯûԵ֣֮ãҲõ˺ôȥʮ궼õԴҿԳɣҲͻƴɣ߾磡
ջǵõѪӤǰħףкܶʬ壬ٺ٣ʱͻƴɣͨʱϵģҲ֡
Ԧ̫潣Խٶȷ̫潣յ֮УٶҲֻʱʮ֮һӵдһٶȣѾǷǳˣϾﲻɽ
ѾԽüʯ֡ɽԼϿȣٴʧǰȻһƬأܿԶʯҵ棬ʯҳ硣
棬ƽԭѰɽϿȲħ̥Ů׷һ󷽣ƺûģ̫潣ٶȱ֮ǰһЩҲϲ˶á
ʱϢƽããƽԭʯңѾһЩ籩ȫʧλͻȻ죺ý׼ʵû취Ǿ÷кٺú̫潣ɱнɰգ
ͨҲ֨֨ĥѾץǰóֶкͲɱ
ʮȻǷ棬һЩܹŹӣӲ࣬ĵģҲ֪γɵģǿӣӾ͸ˣøӦܷʮӡ
׼ӣȻһɷ籩Ӱ֮УŴʯңһӱһУΪ籩Ϊһ籩УΧһЩʯ鱻ȥԱ籩нʳ촷ۡ
ͨ˫ۣٴοǷ籩Ǳ籩ȥҲΪ⣡
໣
˻ڵı籩ӣǾǺ󷽣ͻȻһУȻо𵴡
Ͻͷһֻħ̥Ů׷ףûʲô쳣濴ȥʱȻһͷ޸󡣬һӸպ
޸󡣿
ʲô壿
ǰ޸󡲻˿ȷ󲿷Ǹ󡣬ͷ벱һһ⣬ֻܿһƤ

ƤͻȻ߸뿪ǵ棬һױ𿪵˺ѵش
ÿֲĺƤ󡣡
ΪƤҪ͵Ϯħ̥ŮӣϾħ̥ŮӾں󷽣ȻȷǿƤһûħ̥ŮӣƤڿдźȣ桢ͨһ
⡢޸֣뵱ľͷѪһĴڣүģ
ͨһæ߶̫潣ƻʽɽһ׽â
䣡
ǼʱһâԵؽпûʧڵʧȥƣ桢ͨХ֮ըγҫĢơ
ħ̥Ů˲׷ɱӺ󷽽桢ͨסֶǰͷ޸ŭХͷˮ󡣬ĪҪһ£Ҫɱ࣬ǣ
ˮ󡷴༥ħ̥Ǻڰħ뱾ûϵɲԺڰ磬ܺڰζһĪ˷ܣҪǣұ޷뿪֪ԭģ
ɱҶӣұسԵǣҴע⣬ҽƴˣȻ̣Ҳ㣡
ǱҲ㣬ӣ㶼ô꣬ԸΪڰħ嵱ħ̥á


1878 ħ̥սˮ
һƣ
Ҳһƣ
˵꣬ͬʱ˳

桢ͨû˱ͷƤ飬ͷĿѣٿǰˮһδôȣٷ͹һƽһħ̥ŮǵħɷѪϡ
ħ̥ŮӿûкˮǿǺˮɸߣйħ̥ŮӾȻϣˮ棬ֻԣǺˮҪǿһЩ
ɿƸԪˣǾǺˮ󡣬ɽ֮УֻߴزУ󲿷ǿһӣԼˮ󡣬ΪҪһִ֮еºˮ棬ܳʱ뿪ºˮԺټˮ󡣬ż¼ţˮ綾һ־綾ˮҾ綾ˮԽʽ׷ʴΪ
Խʽ׷ʴ
ٴδˮ󡣬˿ֲ
ɿٴ˵Ҳ棺ˮǳѲֻҪ׽Ϣһֱ׷ȥٶȡ綾츳ԾǾͷ󲿷Ҳֻķݣˮ󡲻֪Ⱳӣطնɱͷˣħ̥Ůɱһߣ뿪Ƭ棬ֻҪ뿪ˮ̣в٣
һһ֮ǰӤԼѪ͹ԼһģִȡľѪǰħ̥ˮ󡣬ʵ˾ͷĴڣأ˾ͷҲǶ֡
صĿ£Ҳкܴϵ
ۣ
û뵽һѪ˼
͵ؿȥǰһԶħ̥Ů͹ĹĶӣȻˮץһ˿ڣ˿ڿʼ
ĺˮ󡣬ǰʱҪ㣬Ϊħ̥Ҫ۸
ħ̥ŮӶŭˣſץһɽ
ͨһʽ׷Ʒʻǳ
ȴһƳΧħ̥ŮҪֶΣ׼ɱӳûħ̥ŮӲסˮ󡣬ҸӲ

תۼ䣬һ
˿ħ̥Ůһ߶ɽֻûǰԦҲûʽɽٶȣնкˮȣǸʹ໲ҽУſðˮҺ
ӣ
ﶼֶΣɱˣʱʱ漱æһ֣ͨͬʱҷ
Ϊҷֻмӣʮ֮⣬ӦֻҪӳʮԶл˦

˲ɽ裬ٶȼʥߡ
ӲߣɲǼ䣬ħ̥ŮӾͷǿ߶ɽͷħɷ׷
䣡
һħ̥ŮӣǺˮ߸Ծ˫һţͽħ̥Ů˦
󷽶飬ͨ󷽣⣬ˮʵȻħ̥һЩٶȰ
ˮħ̥ŮӸѲ漱æߺ׼̫潣ýʵԸǣ໥ɱ취һߣ
ݣ
˿̣һڴħɷɽԽգͻȻնˣ˼ʱ
ɽҲˮһԭħ̥Ů׷ţںɱɽҪ桢նɱϧ˶㿪ˮѹɽ
ٺ٣࣬Ǳ̣ˮ̫ǿˣٶȲϱƽͲһ
̫潣漱æ̫ͨ潣Ҫˮɱһֲ
ಣ
˵꣬ûͨӡΧͻȻƷֿת
˸ոտΧһɷ籩ͻأ֣ΧǧװʯңԼκϢУ桢ͨûüڰշ籩룬һ룬Ǿͱ籩֮׹·ӡ
ɶƫƫʱԨոձƽĺˮ󡣬Ҳαһ׹·ӡ
˾ħ̥Ůӣϰģ˱籩֮Уæ˶ߣǼʱոӳȥǧװͬʯңС
ת桢ͨкˮ󡣬ǰ׷Ӹ˽ȥֲֻ̫ǽˮУɷ籩̫Ǻˮ󡶼޷
Ǻˮ󡳲ѨкЩˮ󡣬ȥҲռˣãСӣûϣ׹ԨˮǱˮʴǱˮԵҲǳڶˮҵţźڰǿɱɽ磬ʱʵǿʰ㣡
ħ̥Ůӻû׷ȥѡ»Ϊħ̥򣬽뿪Ƭӡ
̣
Ȼ桢ͨԣϵ鲻٣ҲдѪۣ漰ʱ߶սףսͨһץΧ
籩Ϲսף籩޷˺սףҲ޷߶ս籩ͨϷˮҲ籩û
һˮ󡱻ӸǰȴϢսͻȻ׹ˮ֮У籩ûˣ˸оͷĿѣˮڴС


1879 Ԩˮ
ȿʱΧǺˮֺˮʴۣҲʴƤƤʼһð̡
ٳˮ棬ſǵºӣؾȻеºӣ
ºӿɲ򵥣Ǻˮ統ڷֵԨؽˮƣˮΪֲƤѾʼ롣
Ǳ̣ںˮ֮У͵űʰǣ
ˮϷһðǺˮ󡡣
󡣬үɲ㣡ͨʯ󡣬һһҲ׹Ԩ
꣡
û񣬴ʱźˮһڣ˻ڿն𣬲·һȻһ׸ߵĵºٲˮ׹ȥɫﶯ
ˮҲ֮׹˴ʱſˮûбˮʴԭˮûжӰ졣
ˣƤͨ˫̯˫ʮָȻʴƤ¶Ѫ
ŰףЦǺˮ磬ҺˮһСﳤǲºˮһҲǺˮ֣ҺˮҲḯʴûִ߶ƣȴ޷Ӻˮ뿪𣿡
¡¡
ٲ׹ˮ֮УȻ˼ںˮɤӶðʴ̣ʹ಻ʲô
ðˮ棬ˮٱߣ˴߶ͷҪɳˮκͷųͱˮɣȻˮ˵һ
ûƭǰɣ
תۣˮҲð˳ڰ׺ˮʼƽˣˮϢγɣ˸޷Ը
ôʰ㣡ֻͨ䶯ȻſͻһѪ
Ѫɲô򵥣ѪӤħԼԼѪں϶ɵľ綾
޷ͷͨͷѪɣ
ˮˣкˮˮ˵𣬸ûпѪպ沿û뵽ˮ˲Ѫȴ˲ð̣沿Լһֻ۾Ѫڸʴ
ɶ񡢿ɶ񣡡ƺˮʱޱȣֻѼӣȻֶΡ
Σˮһʱ׷æŶԸѪ桢ͨҲ޷ʱơƤʴˣѪںˮ֮ð̡̰
ţѪĥˮӳˮ֪һٲ⴦ٲǧףˮʵڿֲ׹ǧ̶û뵽ˮУˮｫס޾ˮԨ
桢ֻܴͨŶԷΧˮˮҲǿпʼٱǡ䣬ҲˮУƬҶ֮޷ƣһֱڼٻζ֮С
꣡
ʮϢ˶ʹ࣬ͻȻ䣬ʧˣźˮ˻ڰ֮УΪԣ˷˦ˮ˻֮Уںڰ֮пʼ׹
˼æͷƣһ̣ûкˮͷųʱ׹ˮ̶Ϸͣ
ţ໹ڿֹ˱˴˿ԷſΧһؿߣˮγɵºǰӵӿȥˮû֮ǰǰ㾪İһȴûˮӰӡ
֮ǰ׹ٲ̶һˮ㼯֮Ϊˮٲ̶ײγһЩ¶ۣ˾Ǳһۣ⴦ؿߺӵ
һëˮʴˣ˻صߣһ̤ʵǺˮоڴ
ˮʴֲֲ̫Ǻˮḯʴһ޷ͨ˾Զںˮ֮УºˮʴٶȺҲ档
һ룬ҲǾ⴦ۣպñˮȻˮ档
鵤ѪӤħԼѪѪʼգƤʴ֮һϿ񱻰ƤƵġ
ͨƤһϣ˿ˣƺˮһ׹ٲˮҲĳۣǻڵº֮Уҵǣ
״̬Ҳڻ£ȻһЦȲżߣҲ˵Уˮ󡲻ҵǣֵطӦ޷͸ȥ
ӦͷųȥֻܸӦ׺ӵӦ޷͸ΧʯǱڲ֪ĵº֮С
ΪӿָץƷʯһ̳ϸֲԴƻָٶȿ˲١
ȴº󣬺ˮˡ˸ʴõĲ࣬˲żæȥѰҳ·
ֻźˮºӵСǰû뵽죬Ȼǵºӵûͨ
ʬ壡
ʱһںˮ밶ߴ
ͨűӣһͬȥԭڰһֻˮ󡣬֮ǰ׷ɱֻˮ󡡣
ϸϸһǣһֻͷСٵĺˮ󡣬ٰ꣬ϱˮʴˡ
ֽŸźˮӵѰų·ǰ¹ȥûڡ
ˮٶȺȻӿ죬ºӵҲխһЩȻǰһˮһصҲþòɢǰһϴ¿ռ䣬һϲеջ


1880 Ԩ
źˮӿȥ˷ɳӵͷǰһĻȻûʧǰһǧ׵Ԩռ䣬ºӵ㼯ˮ໥ӿˮ˻
ΨһͷҵڣһǷֺˮȻһ㵭ľ⣬־ӡ
ͨź棺֣ˣΪεԨй󣿡
ҲҲˮ֮£Ӧʲôʻᷢ⣡һߣҲò˼顣
һʵĹǲܴ͸ˮ޷ںˮ֮ɢˣ󲻼򵥣Ҳˮʲôѵˣʱɣ
ħ̰һ棬ͨչֵ쾡£ֻ뵽ˮ챦
ȴҡҡͷһǾƺǵӰɣˮ£ˮϡ
ͨɻ󲻶̧ͷϷһһ˫ӿʼˡ
ͨ˱飿
Ҳ̧ͷͬһ𺳣üͷһδؿϷǧ׸ߣﾹȻһ磬һɽ磬ҲΪ󷨾ҫˮγһЩ⡣
Ȼⲻˮ£Ҳûϵһ
Ϊλһ
桢ͨ⣬Ҫ֪ص²֪ռ䣬ô󷨣һںˮӵϷĳǿߵģôǿߺǿںˮϢ̽
ʮϢ̲ͨס˵ϢǹӣӦôںܶˣˣȥҲܽǳҲ˵
ֻȥһԣҲг·ʱ˲ȥҪġ
ಣ
ͻȻһ
ɲŵתǰףһӵ֮Уһֻˮ󡣬֮ǰֻˮ󡣬ֻ֮ǰֻͷƺࡣ
أ
ˮ˫ȵŵؾˣĳɱ
ݲ桢ͨ׼Һ䣬ˮɱʮǰ̫ͨ潣֮ʣͻȻ֣С񣡡
һδ߶С񣬴仯һɫӰӭȥ
žž
СΪɶߣǰˮƻУС񶼱úһɣСû˿˺ۡ
ˮͣǳԾССˣ˷
ǣߣΣ̫潣ڼ̫ͨ潣ץʽɽ׼һս
󣡡ûмɱȥ˼ǰ˵һ
ۣˮˮһҺ
ಣͨҲһ߶̫潣һԾ𣬶ҺͬʱѾӽ
ˮصŵأһâ׷ۿҪ׷ϣ桢̫ͨ潣Ӵ󣬿ûǷ󷴶ȥ
ֻˮһͣ׷ȥһ־غˣȻ̶ˡ

תۣ桢̫ͨ潣һƬžǹռ䣬Ҽִܼʯҡ
ΧйҲռж嫣ͷŸӦҲֻܸӦңûһռ䡣
Ӧæһ˲ڻָӯУȴûҲ֪ռж䣬֣
ˣ㿴磬ҸղͷϢǽǰףϢ޷͸ȥͨͷϢ޷͸ȥ
Ҳͷħɷ󣬽κϢ޷˿һȥȻûһ˿Ӧ
ˣ
һ˰أոպò˦ħ̥ˮ׷ɱھȻһԨ֮У
ɲǻԵҪ
Ҷոڣûк⣡侲һᣬʹ߶ƸĴ
һͷչоȻһģΨһ￴ȥǷ棬û
Ϣ죬ҾȥѰҳ·ܲ
ʮȻû˿֣⴦Ӧ֮أͻȻ֣æʯ鰵
ಣ
ȻһӰΪæȴӼӼǰҲſ϶˺ۣȻһƴɣƺ׷ɱһʱʱע󷽣Ͻ
氵н̾Ǵˣϴﲻûûˣһˣ
һ׵ǿʣõȵȣҲ֪ΪˣҲ⴦治򵥣
䣡
˻ڰнǰͻȻ𵴡
æǰԭǸˣȻһֻ޴צԴץ飬ʬҲڵ档
ͷ޴ϰֳ࣬һڴꪣǴꪻ͸Żʽ׷ҲһԺð޴ԱƯڰա
߼ɣǺˮһߴ󣬵ˮ޴һȣǸ֮࣬һ𣬾ǳâϸǡ
˵ߣߣ޴գһЦʹʬжһö䡣


1881 Īʯе

˲䣬ֳˣΪǿɱû뵽ϷͻȻһЩŤ
桢ͨǶ֪ô¡
ǰ޴ȻŲһ˿֪δ仯ҪҾĴʱգ
ƺ֪һ̣ᷢʲô仯
ϼ⸲Χ桢ͨΧʯ޴ʬͳͳһ˲Ư档

ڲʣֻ·糴һռͻȻڵâʧ
ʯˣҲˡ
ô£
ʱ桢ͨĴԣǺ񱻹ĳִͨ͡ӵʧ֮С
һⲻϱ仯ַǰ޴Լʬ壬Χʯʯһڽĳִ
䣡
Ϣݲü˽Χ͸֮ʲôĳڿǣռдͣƯʣɲǼ׹µ棬˵Ѫӿðǣܶʯ˲仯Ϊ촷ۡ

˲ƣæվΧÿѰһ棬֮ǰƺûʲôر֮ͬǰڷϵɽ壬һЩ޴ʯ
Բ֮ǰǴ棬ƺ⴦ԨĳħƬռƾմ͡
á
һӺͻأ
ҴŽ䱸תԭ֮ǰ޴ֳִꪣźϱѹһɽΪܡ
ĿϣֻһۣնɱǾʬ壬һڿڳȥ
ɿѴңĪС޴ʵڴ۷壬зҲٶȼΪѲ
֣ͨҪǳ֣Ǿͱǲ
浹ͷ޴вǣһ˫ۿΧããûκνռ䣺ֻ֪⴦Ԩ󣬾ʲôܣӳȥ
ϴϢⷽٶʮϢͻȻת
ҲͷŸӦ־ȿ棺һϢǺǣϴˣɻʥϢһɻʥλɣ
ɻʥţԭǿıһǴȥɽɱɻʥżӡ
Ϊƣ͹ˣ֮ǰΪڵԨˮ֮£Ӧò˽дҵǲ֣֮УҸоܲԾ
ǰô˵ȷЩԽͣλӦںˮ󡳲Ѩڵ¹ôʮ˽󣿡ͨҲ޷͡

˿ʮγɵļ磬һӵͿշ
罣֮Уһ˴Ÿ־ɫ֣Ҳ޴ԼˣЩΪǴɣ˸ǳԽɵĴڡ
Ӧܿ찵в׽һѮߣҲǳԽɵĴڣӵɻʥϢǼ˵նɱɻʥǿߣɹǿ
ɻʥϢǼ˶ԷǳϤ
ͨ΢΢ԾĿһѪϣˣħţ֮пͥ
ħǿߣ
ҲһԽɵĴڣϧѪʵ붾˲̫ԶټɽǾǿߡ
ʮǿԽɾͷٶȣոɻʥźѣҲһͷ޹мͨʥˣ
һˣᣬʵҲԽɣ֪
ǹħѪߣͻȻָŰ޴漸֡
ϴ󣿡оЩǿ߲⡣
ʱȥػΣգȹȥÿԴڹţɫͺͷ
һǿ·Ҳ޴ϷǿҲشˡ
ɻʥѮߣͷߣЩ֣Ц޴Ͷȥ󣬻ͱ
޴Ȼɶߣһ̾ش˵Ļǰ󣡡
һƴɣǴȥɽ磬ǱȻһϧΪˡ
޴㵨һվŲˣͷҲһԾ
ħλѪߣȻꣿҲܾˣɵõ
С
޴æһץû뵽ȻʯһڴŹϢ۽ɽ
С׸λˣʵʵóݸѪߡ
һ಻Զ漸˱ʯͨѽ⣺ʯһڵ۽ɽҿҲ̫Сˣ˼ֻһ仰ôˣ
ɻʥλΡȻʣ˵˵֮꣬Уһδαãûм뿪ĳڣڲͬռ䣿
ش𣺡С仯ϰٴα벻ͬռ䣬αһЩ󣬳ʮɽǿߣ޷ɽ٣ģ󣬻СıȽˣȺδԾҲһֱڣȴþûջ񣡡


1882 ײͽ
㻹ʵѪ߿Ա߼֣ʣûħšɻʥǿߣ
һЩˣ޷¼λǰܶã޷ס꣡ʵش
һͷͻȻɭɭʵɼ֮Уǿ鳤ʯ
ƺܼɵҵСˣ˼岻̫
˽Ѱǿ鳤ʯȷڣϧһֱûҵ
ɻʥ
ϴǽѰţǿ鳤ʯѵ⴦Ԩ󣬾ǿѰǴ󲻳ɣ
Щǿ߶ĥһɿ˶𺳣û뵽⴦ԨǿѡǴ
濴ͨͨһ໥Ŀ࣬Ѱҵ󣬷ײͽˣ
Ǽ˺ʱģħλѪߣĿ⣬΢΢ħɷƶĿ
ش𣺡СļǼǰλǰ֮ǰ˻Ϊֻһͨżռ䣬ԭǺܶǿ߶Ǵӵʯ󣡡
ѪһΪʧҲʧȥԣʣ⼸꣬ĳЩ󷨿ռ䣿
ִ𣺡⻹ǵһα󷨾⴦󣬶˶ԣΧ󶼷ǳ֣
˭룬Ȼʱ˵СĿ֤Ǽ˵ȷǲСģһ
ǻʵ
ɻʥͻȻЦ
ಣ
˭֪΢Ц֮󣬾Ȼ桢ͨΧһӼ˺𣬻ܼҫ
ںصԭλΧЩǿ߶һЦ
ʹ
ʼ磬Ťץź󱲡
桢ͨԼˡ
ѪһߣǲõģҲɱħͷȡֻҲ·ټ󣬿Ǽҵȥ취ҪҲ
ǸɻʥߣҲɨ˵ֲֻӡǣƾӡǣԸӦϢӶȷλðˣз֣һҪʱ߶ӡǸ֪˭ˣСϷȻɴ߶ӡǽԪĨɱ
桢ͨĬĬͷ
ȥΧҲ⴦δѪΧȭһȺ˻ǰ
ɶȺһ
һߣţһŭա
һˣҷȰʵʵ˭ʵãȻռ䣬ȴȻǿΪ𣬶ûйأʵǷǿ߿նɱˣӶԴǧ㣬Щֲӡǣ͵ڱʱʱ̿ƿ
ӡͨЩм
ִ֮Խ⿪ӡǣǱΪֻӡǣǷӡʱȡҵСһ߶ӡǣǱܣĥұֲӡ
ôڶȥǰնɱ
ǰȭ꣬ȻǶƿأģ˽⴦󣬴ҲиӦ
Ӧ
һӸ񣬳мǼʥӦǴΪ࣬ҲԼмɲء
Įˣ
ȥһ£ٴˡ
ɿǰΪ𣺡һ۷ˣʵȷǿ󣬵涯ֻУ
ȲӡǣҲʲô˵ǰƺûԶ
˴˲ںҲûȥһбʯӣ
ˣ
ȻӦ͸ڣһӡǣǣ֩˿סȷԻ⡣
ӡˣа취ûжٰգãͨҲֻ档
Ҳ֪𰸡
΢΢ףƽʱһݣǿԻ⣬ֻҪ߶̫潣ֲʵٴ߶Իӡ
ǵҸ̫潣ԴָһЩʵٶ֣Ҷ˽ʲôˣ˵ûаյĻȻһܳɹ
ͨʼڣøԴ̫潣ɣ֮ǰ̫潣ԸǿߣÿܵشҲҪָһʵ
Ŷ
˭֪ʱ΢΢߶Ԫ񣬸Ӧ󣬸ӡϢһ˲޵ŹĵӿʮǿǷա
һһէ֮߶ĵ¸Ӧڷӡû뵽ܿ췴Ӧ֮ɻʥǿϢ淢ֻ֣ܸӦϢϢ޷׽
һӺŻȻ򣺡ѵΪɻʥǿߣֲӡĵΪӡϢܸӦߴڣ
˼ãּüЦһɨ֮ǰ죺Ӧ̫ˣɻʥߣԼǿߣΪֲӡܿǣ֪ҿ÷ӡӦǶ
·ת֮ǰܲǿƿأһ̣淴ܸ˷ӡڣϢӦȺ˶


1883 
ȵȣϻϤϢ
ȻӡǣڹĵԸӦ߶֮ʣִӹĵ´߶״̬£ԶԶߣٴθӦһЩϢ
ϢڹĵΧĺ֮У컯ΪɻʥӰʵֻҪתĵ£ܸӦ
ԭ־ϲӡǴӶԷӦϢջϣײ׽ӡϢɻʥԺκζӹӦ
ûãмǿΧ֣ȻѰҳڣںϰһԭȥǰδҵţʵãһ׹Ԩ
Щǿ˵⴦ֻ߰һԷûг·޷ȥЩ˻ᵽʱջ᳤ǧܸ꣬á
ζţÿˣпܱԶ߲ȥ
ˣ̫潣ָһʵã֮еͨ¶ϲЦݡ
׼н̫潣ʵȻ߶Сǧڷӡʱ򣬺ȻЩǿ
Ǽ͵
ѪߡɻʥǿԼǸˣһ˸ոأȳһˡ
˵꣬ǿͷųƶֻһ⿴ء
ƶԾסЩһΣȻң
桢ͨǵ߿²Ƿ棬ǵʯɽ塣
ü󷨣˶ܼһȻûг·÷ͨû˿𶯡
˺һӣֻصԭ㣬ΧһȦʲô·
޷֮ǰЩǿ˵Ĳ٣һһͲܳȥ
һ࣬ͻȻǼ˸оһȣйѹҪ顣
ٻȥǸߣڴ߶ӡǣһŭ
ƶһɢһڲһɻʥߣһʵվŲ
һȺңҲҾͽһң֪ûջɻʥһǰߣ¶࣬ħʿײС
ǿɱңһǱ޷ɽ٣Ϊ緲һЩǿߵǿЩͨάҲ·޷뿪ẦԼ
ֵˣơš
뿪󣬴ˣԶһ
漸ҲڲԶ£ûȥͨϽͷ̫潣лΪ֮ӿڡ
иգ
Сǧʼ߶̫潣ڴʱ̫潣߶Сǧֻͷһ
һϷ֣ΪһƬɫƶһ㣬΢΢תţ֮Ƿӡ˿һ˿˿ɣӡǰж֡
ֻǰʱͽ󲿷ӡǻ⣬ͨɻʵˣΪβ׽ӡǻ⣿
һ̸ЦݣɻʥǿӡӦǣǣӡǱɾһᷢҲԸӦϢֻҪ󲿷ӡǣӡĨɱǡ
˹Ȼ侲㣬ԷΪˣ淢ӡϢһ
ʱͨٴζͶء
ȻҲ뵽һ㣬ֻ̫뱻˿ƣӡھһʱвȻȲö⡣
ּ߶Ǵһ㣬ͨڣӡǡ
ԼһֺǳȥѰҳ·
Ȼص㱨˿һĻǳ⡣
û뵽ڳּŮӣʹСǶԼѪߺȾƣ赸ˡ
ʲôֵģ
ʱ䣬˹ϵһǼ˿ЩŮӣͰЦЩ˿ɶʡ͵ĵƣЩŮӶŮʿ󲿷֮УЩǿУֲַӡūЩǿܣΪ󲻿ܳȥЩ˽ȥе
ûз֣Ѫ߶ǲȻŭ
һִԱһм˺󱳣ѪҲˡ
ħǸѪߣ§Ůߵȥúңǰʱ䣬ҲҾͽΪܣ
߰ɣĬĬ裬ͷ뿪
һΧѲߣʱͻȻ̾Ϣѱ꣬ܳȥˣ
ͨǺǴǲŽ𣿿ƭЩǿߣϻкöҲûʵǣ
ҳЦһԺڱʵǰϣò󲿷ֱҲɵӣһ㣬һȥأ
ǰ磬곤̾ǲ֪ܣʰɣȻҲϲ࣬ǼһƾԵ֣


1884 ͻȻ
Ҳʳһ֪Ĵ𰸣ûгڣ
ûУȷΪټûܳȥЩǿǧ꣬ꡢʮ꣬ҲûܳȥҲһֱҡ
ʲôϾأϹߴؾ֮һ̫˼ƾճְɣ
ʵҲ޷ش㣬Ϊû֪ûҳֻ֪ںܾˣڲʱʱ̿תͻȻһΣһͻή֮ǰִὫƬʡһʱա
ûҳͨЩż
˱飬ɵÿЦܲ򵥣ǲǾãʮˣ֮У
ӦûһЩˣ
Ҹǣ⴦֮У˱ҾˣǴʥȻԽɵĴڣ־ͷҲв١
򡭡
ЩˣαЩǿ߰׹ǣǰ׹ߣԣǶǱˣϧΪΣΪ޷ͻƣ޷֮޷ͻƣ˻ֻ꣬һݽߣǻ緲ȥ
ǵȾͷƺǳ
Ц
ͨᵽżЦʵҲģڴǰΪүүѰǧ겻ȥ̲ס׷үүµ꣬ðս󡣴ǰڸӦүүϢȴһѰ׹ǣүү꣬Ϊ⣬ǰ֮йԼһЩҩﷴɣүүزүү֮Уͷ֮һʵɻʥšħǼǿٱղ
˵꣬ͨҲĬ
桢ɿ󡢺ţֶ˫۲һֱ޶޲ζ
ԭӵģȻҲһĹ˵ķĹκνˣֻ
һ̣Ҳһҡ
ãҲû˵ͷ
ͷǵЩܴӳȥ
ɿӳĬ֮УȰ˵ˣǵûϣѰȥޱȻ⴦ڣڲ˵⴦ǻŵģһֻûҵܰˣûˣ
ûз
ֻǶͷܳȥҲڶʱԴףҵǾֻһʱܵˣЩ֪룬أȫҲ򣡡
һ·Ͼٴˣ
ֱǰƤۣһܳȥģʱǻҪȥڣȥ½㣬ֻȥȣѰҰĦ졢޼ǡ
ԣ
桢ţҲ뵽ԼǷߣڷ飬ʲô
ţڷ磬Ǳǧ꣬ūۣһ죬ɺأ
ܵı䣬һɵҩԴ͵УûҲǿԼ
̣
ʱȥɿ죬꼸оš
ͻȻ֮е棬Ӧʲô̧ͷգֲȷ

Ҫ׼УȻ̧ͷһΣһŤ׵紩
æѹʾ˵ϴƺԾǰ춯
ʵҲд쵽죬顢ҩʯʬ壬Ӧﵽɸ߶ȣɴɸӦΪ
춯
ںϸӦһ͸ϷԼǧϷͿ黨״ŤγɣЩŤ֮УһЩӡ
ЩӰ籦ͷųĹŤںһ𣬸оһֻֻ۾Ӱտ·ٿΧطûκϢ֡
ꡭ
һŤ֮УЩ۾Ƶ⣬Ȼʼڲһڱ䡣
桢֪ͨˣһо˹쾰ּ黨Ť⾹ȻںΪһƬ֮ǰҫ⣬һֻֻ۾ڰŤ֮գۡ
ݣ
׼ҴһƣŤ֮Ȼһɽ壬ǰ
濴Ͳԥ֪ͨȥ
δ£н˿ͨʿˣһһɽƺҪŤ֣һԾ
ڴˣ֮һִͬʯͷǶʯҲмɽ壬֮ǰҪ
˾һԾ𣺡ҡǸϽӣڱ仯󷨱仯ǽգǴռ佫չЩʻƻ޷󣡡
ӣ
ԭЩŤռʯɽ壬ͻȻ׹ôʯͬ


1885 ΪΪʳ
ಣٶ׷ϴ
ͬʱ䣬֮Щռ䣬ͷŹҫʯ顢ɽ޳֣ʧƵ˻ͷȥȻڱ
ϧǼƶûжΪƶӦÿԵֵסⲨ
ɳһͷŸӦһСɽ壬ȻһƯ˲䱻ɽѹãһ飬Ҷƾը쳣ֲ
濴󣬸ֵЦݣϴЩɶʥƷʣȻ޷סһЩǿ߶ˣ
ҺǷּʱʯѾϢ
һ̣ССʯٲӰյ¡¡ڵ棬Ҳ𶯣ﶼûˣҸʯ籩꣬˷ɢ䣬ƺҪ׷˲š
ǰһĻӣ໩һͨɢ䡣
ͷͣĶֿԴҪըѣתһǻҳԼһЩʱʱը죬һȻ׹ء
ɳ籩֮УҲһЩʯڵ󣬻ΪԺ󣬵û˿Ƿʯ顣
ð亹ͻȻ˵ңңҺü仯ǰζûôʯͷ֣֪ͨңһҲҪǣ
ܺ飬ʯɱȻ⣬εȷһΣ漸ԼߣС
ȴʱڲûжҲС룬ʯ׷棬ЩƬҲУԭЩȡرЩˡ
Ǻȥֳȥ룬ﶼʯʯγһ׸߷ʯѣȷҲʬ壬ҲκηƬ
ˣâ澪ж
ת棬ڰ⣬ǰһɾâȦʯѱͷţ̫ǿҡ
ȻâǱȻ
˵һʱɹȥâһʯ·һ䣬ɼһһ߶ʯʯѹţͷųâȻһ߶ߣƽʱʯ̫ࡣ
ʯ循ˣͷһâҲɽһԼɶߣɼʯڲͬ
ö
̲סһ
ˣҵģ˵ʱʱ죬ͨһ̤־һħצָͬݺݵץʯ
һ𵴣ʯ𿪣һɶʱȪ·ҫâ
ڳâ֮Уʯܿʯһ͸״̬ȥѾʯ
ͨٴλ֣һħɷʯ
ಣ
Ҳ࣬߾˴ʱ
һɲǴͨŴ̹ոץʯҲץС

桢ɿţĴＸͬʱٶȳڴΧ
ͨǰһɨֻһڴ̴ţûΣգ˿
ͨ԰졢ŴΪΪʳǵû뵽֡
ĪԹңҲĪԹ˭
ʯһƬƬɫë϶һ̽޼ɵЦҲǵѣһʮ֪꣬ʱ֮ˣûνѣȻûʯҵǲǳ֣Īңˣ֪һ뾡취ҪɱңҲŹκһˣ
١
ͨѪѾֹסһм̴ˣΪһʯû㵱ﻹǿܣһ᲻ɱ㣡
ƾ㣿ǼͻȻʯ봢䣬Ȼ޵ץꪡ

ɲǳ֣չ˶壬Ӷķ̳ꪡ
䣡
ꪴĹɿ𵴹ƣΧķɿ桢ţֱ÷׷׺ˡ
ʵд
Ҿɱ㣡ԽţϷΧâںϵոͨͷ­
ಣ
һӰͨԱߡ
̫潣
ͨɱĴͨӡ̫潣ͻȻץһâΧɽâ£׷׾ɢݵطɳնꪡ
䣡
âڴǰŽâɱɽâ籬ըһ㣬Ƚɣ𺳿ŴֶŸ齣ҲҪܶ
һзڵʯ̫潣ֻһУһܣ޷ֵ
һ䣬ʵһͥͷ
܇Nɪ
ţ뽣֮С
Ӱץꪣһֻ˳һףѪģĴһⱻڵϹһȦ
ţʼգϷΪֻţǣʲôһڸˣ
ŵüæ£һͷ𡢱ɱңҴˣԸū
С𿴳ɳΪŮ˵ʱ龫֣һ˵¶ԣʮһӣּһɱɱˣ뵱ڷ磬ҪɱĻԥ


1886 ʯ
ԸūŵúͣѪˮѷֲж亹
ͻȻһ죬û뵽СһƴӺͻϮвӣ꿪ѣһƾô˴໲ҽУ֮ǰһģ
ƴģֱţָʰһͨҲݺ˼ء
һν汻ƣȥʯҲ˲ϾͨƣΣ
ͨڵϣħɷƯܵһӰ죬أЩߣѪħ޵òһһܽնɱոɴѪھָܻ
ǰβʣæӴץʯһҩԼһ˲ιһ㱦ҩֻǷһƬ¿ٻָ˲ιҲʮˣҩˣһֱ᲻óԣ
ͨҩģһȣͽҩһһۿȥҩѾͨץס
˲ιƸʱһ߶ʯɲǰʯһ꣬˳͸ģڲܿԾҫۡ
ɿ󿴹֮󣬱㾪ϲȭͷӦƵ龫ʯ
龫ۡ浹Щ䡣
Χʯ鿴࣬ͷŸӦһӦ
òżɿ˵ֻдر£Ż³γɣͨǷĩǿЩҺ壬γôΣʯǵˮʯγɣҾ꣬Һõĳʯʯںϣγ㾪ʯֻǵĻγʯ״̬ͨʯ
γɣ˵ʯӵʣ棬ѾѼֲʻںһ𣡡
ˣʯϱҪɺϡزγɣɽҲҲ˴ĵʯҴʯϢƺܸӦһɴرԴϢƺһƷֵıԴ㻹ǵõطھˣƺʯطھЩơ
ıԴ
кݺһϲڷ磬ǵõٵıԴ
ڵطھҲõڣΪǿǰʯ̺Դһϱ
ʱûеһʱѰʯܣҼڷ֮Ѱңûκα
ʬ塢ҲҲһ飬ǼƶƬҲȫʯѹ
鿴ͨƣû֮󣬾һʯϷϢ桢ɿΧ˹ڴСţƷҶ֡
ˣ
츳ںϣӦʼʯһ͸ʯٶȺΪʯѳԽƷƷʯǻʽӲȣҲȲϵʯ
һº󣬲ʯһ۵Ѿ͸ȥ
Ҳ㹻ˣʯڲһϢ𽥱ӦʯϢȻһֱԴԼʯϢںϣԼһ˲䲻һֿԾȥĳѸо
̫ˣֻǸӦʯһ˿˿Ϣ˲Դ
ɿ̾汦ˣʯڲ֮һԣǱԴطھ࣬пܣҺǵһطھγʯ
طھѾϱѱ˶õ粼һ㣬طھþȻںϵطھںϡ
˵飬ǵطھѷǳϡ٣ȻûеʯѼȴҲǿı
ּɿ󼱲ɴЦˣҿԺŵ˵һ޴ʯȫһһڹϼֵʯ¼ҲͽȭͷС󲿷ֽҴϸ顣
󣬽ʯӦ˾˱Դȷ⡣
ֻǴӸ෽ȥʯҲȽϼߣΪΣ
ʯǳ̣֮ǰ²ڵõǿʯҲͶָκη涼޷ǰʯᲢۣ⼸ʯԣССһʯȻԺ
ǰʯٱΪȻǳ˵ΣǾͷѡ
ʯֻղȴӵ̫潣ΪʵҲп
ɿһ䣬ҶĿĻˣʯȥͥ׸ǣ˾ͿԳΪһİΪưһ
һʯԸıÿˣ׸ܳΪһ𣬿νһԾ졣
ֻǵҡҡͷʯҴӲǿԼҲӲܣὫʱ˷Щ棬ֻҪԼʵԼǿɽʱκδҪ߿һ֣ʯǧѷ꣬ȻҪԺһͬա
ϴģСһ֡


1887 ӡʯ
֮ʹ߶ǵʯڲ
ˣ
ʯҪģһ̣оһ˵
æͷʶ˲һΧһâƲƯԽˣ춯
һӡͷâְɫϢ俴ǿңϢȴý𵤶Ϊ֮
ӡһֱûжںϣҲû˾춯ΪΣѵΪʯ
˵Ϯȫ֮ʣ˼޷ƣӡӽץ
֮УӡȻͷŻҰɫϢƺһ֡
ⲻӡΪͷƿأֲôʱվ΢΢ƵϱʱȻ˶Ψһ֪ǰģҲɿ
κҲ֪ӡʲôҲ˵Ĵ
ⱦģԶʥ֪Ĵڣһ㶼һ䣬һİ
桢ţ֪֡ͨӡֻд֪ʲôġ

һ֮ʣû뵽ʯɲˣҲӡ
涼޷ƣҰʯҲ޷ƵʯӡʱҲοЦ󷨱ԽΪܺĸ߶ȣӴ󱦱ǰһֻϡ

ʯӡǰӦӡħʯò
ҼʯȻӡһС
£Ҷľͷһ
ڵʯոӡʯһڻΪɫҺαһӡ棬һӿ˱һЩѺۡ
ѺʯɫҺðѺ۽ҺһգҺѷںϣС
ޱȷѽ⣬ɲʯĪˣɿ֪ԭ򣿡
ɿͬ𺳣ưƵģĬϢŵˣ󱦱ϴڣӡʥƶɣɽʱգʯӡںϣˣǲǺпܣӡƲ֮УҲеʯһ֣
žһȭͷϲͷˣԣȷĿǰһͣȻΪλӡںϡ
滹֪һЩģ˵ʦҲԻ֪ʶһЩ
ɿ
ӡǷҲǷʥƶɣԭʼʣʯֻʯûоĥ޷̺ͨʴˣӦþӡԵʡ
ɿãֵӦӡڲ֮У̺ʯֻʯ֮ӡģҪָպõʯ֮У̺Ҫ˱仯
ٿӡʯʯ쿿ӡһЩͿʼڻΪɫҺ壬˱һЩϸ΢Ѻš
˱Ѻۣû֮УΪղʯҺͺܿϣûУ󲿷ѺȻڣֻЩϸ΢Ѻ΢΢ǳˡ
Щ᲻ã뵽ʯȡȨЩźˣһʯ͸ӡգǲ˷ˣ
ӡʯͲʲô˲ϱգ⣡
ͷ󱦱֮С
編磬󱦱ȻڻںϣӦòöãӡܽʯȫա
ϴȥѰҳ·ʯϣЩãСǲģֻΪȥΧ

ͨѾָ氵ģһ˵Ĵǰ¡
ͨϼоǵһɷ֮һүҪˣɱһֻϣɱɱ㣬ҪϲʵԺǲΪЧ
ɱңˣʵȻʵ֪ſڵͷ
Ӧûкܶǲ֪ģ˵˵ͨһţŵô
Сıش꣬ʵͱһЩǿ߷֣үүүү֮Уųơ𡯣ʵޱǿֻмԿүүүүΪѰͻƣһ澭âҫͶˣ׼ܳʱ䣬ռഫţȥѰһȥǼ꣬Ҳ󣬺Ҵδһӳ
үүӵд۷ʵڲȥҲ󣬽֪н޳һδͣȻȥ󣬼үүǺû뵽ȴԸֻ̫̰ģүүҪ󣡡


1888 
ҼʮͷǸ̫潣һǿеĸǿ󣬻ϣ֮УΣΪ޷
ʯϵͨ棬ʵ⼸֮꣬á
ܿи⣬벻ףɿ
ˣҲǻϲģ
ԭɿ˵Щǿߣ󲿷ֶ
ЩţЩǾͷ˵ͷӵн𵤵Ľɣ֮УҲԲɡ
ɿΪͣͨдУǿͻƲֳܱһͻƣκǿ߶ǻģɾ磬ڴɾ糣겻ͻƣϡһѪϻߣʿΪʵ֮Уò챦ԼںһЩЩ챦ʿУʿںһǿʿ޷ͻƾǿԼЩͻγɷɣ
ǳ£ͻơǿǲκ⣬ͱ֣Ȼ̺ϾǲͬǿǲǿԼԸǿʵѹһ޷ͻǿԼ汾Ͳͻγų⣬ֻһ³
ǱҩҩʯĵرҲΪʿ޷ͻƣڿʼ仯ʿų⣬ƣͨɣһֱʥ죬޷ͻƴɣ͵ڷ˻һֻ꣬һڣӦʥħɷγɷɣԻԼ
˲ǳֻǻĺܳˣΪͷΣշҪأҪа񹦷ԭǱҪͻƣͻƾǵ
ɿ渵˵ʱΧûκζԭһҶһȻ
Ȼû֪ⷽ棬ͷһ˽⡣
úҡҡͷȻ򣺡ˣΪڷ֮УЩܾõʿ󶼻ѡɽ٣ѡڷѾ۷壬ͻƣǾڷ»ʮ꣬Ҳûģֻжɽ١ǿԼȥʱգɱ
ɿҲƺ뵽磬Ȼˣ긵Ƹ½磬ڷץôСռԴʵǴɽ磬ЩͻƵľͷǣԪٰˣǸˣΪ̫ͻƣҲҪ˲ιҩֱԪ٣ȡͻƣ
ţָɿ󣬴ȣιʰ֮У޷ͻƣ
ŪɿٴνͣһСռ䣬һ磬ὫȻ棬ҪͻƱҪشϴ룬Ǳ󣬾޷ԼظӦζɽ٣ɽپͲͻƣֻʥ죬ǻԴͻ죬ҲֻܻĸһЩܴʥͻƴɣһֻ
ˣһԻųȥˣУͨһֱû˵תӡ
һ˵͸
һ̣ҲǱΣƻٶʮң뿪أϵ֮е˿ֲ
ͨͷӤħ̥󷨣׽ƿأӴֶһū

ֹ£ʯС
Ͽ춯춯Ȼû淢֣һŤ⻷ͻأӸ߿ͷ
â̵ŷ֣ɿ󾪺Īʲô䣿
ͨŵòǡҪãԼ󲿷ʣڼϢ䣬һռ䡣
ԭˣȽҪͣ
ɲǴ߶ƸУͨδ뿪벽ΪʱâѾûһΪһƬŤâش
һټâռͻȻڣŤâ˲仯ΪӰ
ʧأ˿ΧâڷˣϢͷһ̣¡һʯء
ϴһ׼ƱǱҵͷĿѣΧǳʯڷЩʯƶأǵ飬ֻΧſ
ʬ壬֮ǰ֮мʬ壡
ʱ΢΢ͨͻȻŵʲôһץû뵽ӸץһƬʯ滹ʬ塣
ʬһҲİһħѪߣϧѾǧٿףͨûŹʬֱӸˣһĻŵ麹ðͣ
վ㵿ǰ֮УһָǰȻһɽ
ͨҲ˹ȻԶȻϤһɽ޵س֣ǰ֮С
һͨ£ǾȻǡǾүү֮أ


1889 ǿߺ
桢ܸͨܵٴο֮ɽ֣·纣¥һʵ
ʹ飬һⰡһǰҾҵүүǣû뵽֮һΣ
һ󣬵ȴָʵ˼
Ҳ֪ǲҵ󣬾⴦ռ䣬ǰŶʮɽ֮һϿȣүүĹ
УȻˣϹȥ
һյأԴָơ
ȻָʱƸڣһͷŸӦǰԤев
һ·ϼĶǸɽ塢ʯʬ壬ʬ֮лвٴǺеİ׾޴һǳǲ
Ϣ֮ǰǴ࣬ûв֮ͬҲоϢ֮
Զɽһֵɽ壬ҲһЩâ֮дϼ⣬һʥɽǴǰ˵ǿ϶Ϊ֮𺳡
ɽ£ɽ̫嫣ʱ̧ͷֻܿϪϼâ޷ɽ壬ǰһϿȾһֻӡǰ
үүϿȲΪ˴·ͷŸӦδ˴ڡ
Ͽȣ桢桢ͨԸоϿϡ٣һֺѹȸУ;﷢ƣΪֲ֮ܿʧ
ûףһЩʯ࣬һôĥʯʯѳһĹ
һʯǰĸ֣
ȻĹǴүү֮ء
£ͷվʱΪ⴦ռ䣬ɽүүѪӦźòϿȸһЩطҵүүǣҵ֮ͽүүڴˣϿȳһǿߣϢǿҸӦӳȥΧͣ뿪˵ء
ǿ𣿡ñķɵͨͻȻһںһɨ˷
˵ȻˣǸǿǷ񻹻ţ˵ˣǿߵ귢үү˵仰˵Ǽүүģ
浣Ŀ棺ϴô죿Ȼǿߣ뿪
ͨҲһҶһ˵ġ
ӦΧžҰãȻ֮ɫԼף޷뿪󣬼Ȼˣ⴦ɽתתҲӳȥҲ˵
ϿҲֻȥһȣǿߣЩǿ߳ڴˣħɱԣҲ࣬ЩǿҲǱ
һͲٶƿһʯΧʯɽ񣬽Ͽоﲻأïɭ֡
һߺǣ
ף˷֣ɢһЩ˹ǣ񾭡
δǿ˹ҲΪ֮𺳣ǿ֮˹ҲǳӲһ͸ŵһȦâ
һΪϡ٣ҲǧٿףһЩͷ࣬ѷֲ˻ġ
һԽͨ౻һʲôͷ羧ʯһ㣡
ǴһЩƬ΢ͷųһӣٹƬ𿪣һ׹ǳˣֻȳָЩһЩ
׹һ˲佫ĿһƬʯһкܶϸ΢һƼƺĳ֣ЩƼִ֮žϢ䲻ǿңײ
ֱͨץڷһͷֲͨͷ֮ã
֪ʲô
ɿȻƹһԾƬ̣˵ǿ֮ѪⸯΨһʧĶ
ʲôǷǣĺܣһͷˣûиã̺ͨϢ
ɿŰ׹ǣǰҸ˵һЩϣԼţ£Ͼɱ䡢ϴͨΪۣ඼ءѪ֮УЩ۶ǿ䣬Ѫⸯöʧǿ߶ԣʵ̫ǿ󣬹ֲͨ뷨ڹ֮УǷǣǿ䣬ʬ帯ãշҲ編
үүǰؼվ۷֮УҲûַǣɿɿ
ֻ˵үүʵȻǿ󣬵ͨ㣬û㹻֮ͨУγַǣÿǿ߶γɷǣڼǾ⣬Ʒγɹ̣䵽߾磬ڼ羧ʯ϶̺ĪϧΪͨʵأÿǿ߶ڹ֮γɷǣ
ԭˡ
桢ͨ׺Ϊǡ
ͨʣ鷨кã
ֻɿǳ϶Լ˵ͷȻãɴ߶󷨽ںϣܵõڲۣշǰһַͨǶ԰ޡҪõЩǣ֮Ȼ˸Ҫ󲿷˹ͨǰ˱Ȼһ


1890 ħǿ
߼ˣǲô䷨ĳЩ
ɿȽϣ鷨ǰһͷķǣ˾ͨںϷǣеõͷչŹܳΪߡ
ܳΪǿߣֹʿ
ںϿͨЩһͷĪǻ̺
ʵҲܺ棬˾£ͨͷħɷע뷨֮С
ֱһӣͻȻð˿ǰۣͷ⣬Щϸ΢۾ֻΪһӰ
ЩӰֻ̺ԼһߣøӦ鿴һӰȴ˲ࡣ
ÿӰγɲͬӡƣڷ鱣ֲ
ɿϲңЩӰǷˣЩӡַҲǿ߱ڷ֮еĵۣ̺˷ЩӰÿһӡںӦþһķ
ˣϢǲЩϤ㿴ͨ߶ע뷨ǣû뵽һӰһЩ档
ӦһüͷһΪ⣺ɻϢӦǷϢ
΢΢Ϊɫϼӷ͸Ըоϼ΢΢ȶȡ
ǵȷޱȣʱ˴ʶ
ˣʲôбȷǸΪĵǣǷҲͬ鷨ǲŸոγɣз״̬ΪԶʱЩʥ֮ĿǷǣǴʥǣһʥʿõ춯صɿֲһ䡣
ˣܽⷨǸ𣿡
ͻȻͨ£ϵͨ鷨ںϣҶʱԽɣ
ǵҿԸ㣬ǹҲҪûͨҲѶԴ󲿷ֻϵᶯģͽ׸
ڣ
˼ʣĳطȻĳֲ֡
˶ʱӷǾϲһͬͷŸӦ̧ͷͿһħ̷ʮɶߡ
˫ڷգ˸˸һħʿ
ħʿ
ħ緭üͷƷǳģ
һħ֮УΪһߣʬһƤǣҪֲħƣħƱ󣬶ǧ꣡
ֲħƣ
ΪĪ⣬ħѽΧûӴƱǆ졣
ٿħ߲ǸʬƤҲһЩۣĳħ
ȻħΧסͨҲ˿壬²ʣҪֲħƣһǿߣ
߾߹Ƥħ֮УƲϱ仯ԭʥСӣҲħʿãѪÿԱҶᣬΪⶦٻ꣡
ŵñ޳΢΢ͷһˣǿߣħͷ̫ǿ󣬳Խɡ
ΪҪӣ
ͨԭĦȦΧħɷںȻǾͷܸоʵǿҪҲܣҪԸħɷ罫ɱˣ
ħҲ߳ױͨŭ۵һ𣬼ΧħɷͻȻջ棬Ϊ׻𺣡
˲䣬ıɶͨԪѾڲԪһδξκˡ
Ѫ
˫һģγһ㣬Χͽûħɷħӡ
ħǿ֮˵Ӧû顢ըߺܿ¶𺳣벻һʥͷųͨΧħûκηɡ
㼸СӣһеǱھͽħֲڣ
Ƹը۴뿪˲仯Ϊʮɴԭۿɲǵ¡
ɿ̰ϷûһƬڷڣññȻһʽ۷巨£

۾ͻȻ˵һƣɱ֮ʣħɷ顣
ɿ׼ץƬ
ͨһӽסæȵǱһ¸ô죿
˵̫潣Ա֣߳һʽɽݵնպ۴󷨱صһײһ𣬻ƾһŻըЩͷĿѣ
޷ѹƣͨԱ̫潣ͷŽƣ߱ɫΪǿߣһܲɣ
ȥͨЦ
ɱ̫潣գħɷʴٿɽɱΧǼŤۣһޱǻʽףɽá
̫潣ǿɱǿ޷ע·ˡ
氵̫ͨ潣ע߶Ƹ͵ϮֻҪ«ٿ׼ʱһ
̫潣ƸԵɽ߶ΧϮɱ߱ڰ޷뿪
𣡡
̫潣ע˫һץƸ˳ƺڶһġ


1891 ħ

һâ磬Ӻӿ˲գ̫潣ɱѽѷΧħһҧס
Ǻεȷ۽ף
ǿߣ߼Χƶ޷ƣ°֮޷עΧƷ¶𺳡
ΧħɷƸڣҲ𽥱âסǿ·
üͷŴȣĪɽ磬ķƺ«
̫潣ʱƸͣ߱ƺ͵ϮסӣԼΧƣһʱȥֻܱ̫潣ѹơ
һ
̶ͬһ̣̫ͨ潣̫潣ڻɱһ۵סͨͻȻһһڻʽɽ
ۣ
߸޷˼̫бԱ仯ƣҪԸ̫潣ֱƸͨһ޷㿪ֻƶ
Ȼǿߣôܵƾƶһڻʽɽ
ɽ̳һڣһͻȻһʽɽֱӲס˦˳ȥ
ͻȻһ㣬ſھȻһƳ棬Լߣһ
ƳƵģ弸˺ҧЩħٶȡħǳֲҲҴ⣬ʱ֪ͨ
ͨ˹ͷŴѪЩѪպóǰһħǰɱ˽Ѫ֮С
ٺ٣ͿʰǣҲɵħƣһ˲ħơ
Ǿͨڴ󲿷־ѪƾѪԣӦҲһֻƳ档

У˫ֳһӣɱħɷУ̫潣ǿɽ
ְдɿ׼͵Ϯߣ˵ȷƸһʱҲ޷ɣ̫潣ʵҲԶʱѹ
Ұɣ
ٶȸɿͨͷŽѪħƶѪ֮УɿӰлΪߡ
ͨħƶѪ֮УȻħƿɲᵱˣѪ֮ħƣǹ
ѸһƸžһƸͷŸҫ۹âٶȼӿһЩڰװգϱ·
ʵԶԸħ뽣ֱײʵ̫߱潣һЩȻʱ̫潣ҲûǰǰʵеĻӦÿԽΪѹߡ
ۣ
һɽâƸ֮У羪˹
Ѫ߲ðѪ䣬ԴҲڴʱӲӹ䡣
ٺ٣ƬһͽԴпâΪɿҧǽɫƬ
˼Դأ𺳿ɿһǿߣҲ޷ɿٶȡ
ˣҪһʱܽħƿƣһͨȥһ࣬ѪҲڡ
ʬһʧȥˣһɿҲǰʩչȵݸ棬һʽ۷巨ϧħɷһòˡ
ۣǶҪˣȻֻţֿԿħɷǾͽ۸ţ
ţ֮ϣҲΪɶ೤ϣ۱²Ķ仯˴֮ǳ
ħȻȲħȦţҲҪħȣħû֮ǰնɱħǿµĹǰ
ţֲͷ­ˣ潫ߴȡߣʬţȥںϡ
ͷսָͨҲڶԸħơ
£ӡոɾʶڲһǸʯʯһɶҲ٣ʥסʽΪûе۽׷
ǣ
̫һóɽ𵴡
ȥ鿴һƬʱȻ⵽һǲǷһ׾һĹͷ
ͷһĿ⣬Ҳϳ֮ǰɿ˵ķǣһ鷨Ǳ֮ǰǿɫǾ̶ȣʮٱҷ֮͸һɺⷨϵͨ
ԣ
ǵץһ֮࣬У˵ҩؼ⣬ֻһԡ
ʱȻһżҺĳڲơ
һŻϵ
̫ˣöɲںһʵоҿԸͻƴɣ
һԽ֯ɣޱ財
״ҪĳֻԵǿԼҪһɱ䣬ϵʱ
ϵͨԽ֯һһ˿˿ԾӡԽԽǺ޲õһ¡
˺ñȿ֮УûϵȻںϣʯͬʯǱģֻһϢ̺ϢԼȻ


1892 ںϺϵ
һϵǣһŻοǷˣôԴ꣬ǶȱԴ
Χֿ˿Ȼﻹкܶ࣬ıȴ١
ʶ뿪䣬úǰ
ϴǲкöңǻ֪ںϴ䣬ǱȻ֣Ȼ
ಣ
ϵǳУһֻһۣһ㵣ÿֲϵ
ɿҲϵǣãһҲ𺳣֮ǰǿ鷨ǣҪٱ㿴Ϸ۶ôֲڷҿⷨˣӦһ𣬿һϵĴڣֳֹţȺɽ˾һЩ
Ϊ꣬ǿ磿ֳִڣ᳤һ䡣
µҲһͷ
΢΢һЦҼӵпºԣ뵽СⷨǾ͸ˣúںϣо淨ͨ
ͽ˺СʼںϷǣԵȲ
㿴ϵֺϵڽ𵤻
ɫռ䣬ϵһһǣɫһԡ
ɿţϢþһŻϵ㿴ϷԶ컯ΪǼЩﶼȻ˷õǿ޴ľ㣬ӦǸϡٵĴڡѪȵȲϵںϻϵ˱仯ҪżֻҪںϣϾΪʥ˻ϵ̫潣ǿߣҲֻںϣ
ںϣвɼ
ɿ̾ΪֹҡҡͷóȥһҲᣬöپͷʵ
ϵƯڻռ䣬ھһںϣȻںϣʥΪͽһŻϵںϡ
ãСͰ棺ϴ󣬷ǺںϣܲܰңþѪںϣ
Ҵ߶ѪںϷǣ
ԴҪںϷǣȷǳףڲзͨƫƫǴߡ
úἸѪѪҲ⺮Ѫڷϣû˿Ӧ
ˣ̫ǿԳԲŻ־棬Ҫǿںϣɿһ
߶ͨԪ񣬹ĵʼգСǧǧʱ΢΢߷ͨԪĵ·ջ棬ԽԽˣž
һӺżӳֹںȫĸӦ֮ʣһǰΧ
ǿʼǾֹҲѪںϣѪȻһ˿˿ϷЩա
ɹˣ۵ĲУӾһʮ㺢ӡ
ټһԭںһ˿Ѫ˵ʼںϣ滹ҪС÷ںϼξѪ
ϵǳɹѪ룬úԼȥںϣʲôľȥɿ
ڽһʱֹͨͣУſ˫֣һֻֻħϢѾһ
淢ͨںħƣħǿߴ仹ӡһЩ׳棬ʱҲһ㣡
ЩƳ棬Ժ԰ʬ塢ȻѪںϣѪܶɱκδɡڼǰͨٿħƣȥľȥġ
ħҲͨƤϢȥ˲䷢͵ϮǿҲ
׼úּϿһ·ϼĶǸְ׹ǡ
ϿһϿǰжʮദϿȣΧɭ֣ϿϷƯһЩЩ·بŲΧɭ֣Ҳо
ܿÿһϿڣһ⸲ǣЩϿڲһռ䡣
в̤ʵ滹ǾȽһϿȿ
ֱӾͲǰһϿڣ⴦ϿһֱߣΪ׾ʹ⣬û뵽ǣⲻϿȣΧռ䣬Ͽںδ
ɿϻ亹ɪɪùĵطˣǴ濴кܶϿȣȴӰӣ
˶øת߳Ͽٿû뵽תһڣͷռ䡣
ΧγϿһռ䣬γݺռ䣬Ϊϡһɡ
ѵɽһ󲻳ɣڴҷѽ֮ⷢʣɿһ̾
桢ͨȻϸϸһ룬ͨɽʱմڣȻǲܣ֮ǰ󼸴δ󡢱仯пһ
ֻ֮ǰЩΪذˣȻˣôСǰֻӲͷƤ
׹ǣ
Լǧףһʯ֮Уֿһ˹ǡ
ӦûãųΪʬ¶׹ǣ䡢ûУƱ˷Ѷߡ
ˣ
Ϣ˻ΧңʿϢһǰ
ˣ


1893 ̫ɽ
֮ǰħǿߣʵ˴ʱ£̫潣ɿƸԶԸ
ôҽǧףͷŸӦǷϢΧ࣬Ȼһ¾ۼ
ϸӦ֮ʥһǴɣΪԾֵطԭֹǿߣͨʥǸҲ̫ҲλΪˡ
˶㲻вǽȴ˸Ҳ˷֡
˲ûгܵţͬһϽΧȥ
УҲҡҡͷڲκһˣƶǼһزܻš
ˣΧϢΪαϿôࣿʮΨһ־ǿ䣬Ҳ纮̶ԪĴɿЩԲ
ΨСܸˣܺӰ죬ΪͻȻϢ䣬û˵
ͷһڣԥһû֪ռʲôȥͣš⴦ŹɽĪ⣬кܶ౦ǡ
ջǽ⣬ȻһϿһռ䣬ռϢȸղǸռ伸ʯ粢͸ź
ռռ࣬з֣żǧףһŮڼʯ󷽣ϧܶ꣬󲿷Ѫ⻹ڷ绪ͷһ붼¶׹ǣϡŮӦúòᣬϧ
ôҿŮطʯһ˿ڣ·һɫذףذҸӦ
Ůơ䶼ڣŮӣСҲܺ鿴Ů
ͨҡͷˣŮǰһǾޡò֮ϧɽڣǣκòҲữΪ
ź쳾ںӣСŮƳĨȥһǳź쳾֣һǺӡ
ӾĺŮӣź쳾Ӧʦš
ˣȻź쳾ڵӣɿȡƷһź쳾̫ɽڶ̫ź쳾ڣ̫һǿ
̫ɽ硭
еӡ֮ǰɿ˵ǿ컯ɽһĴڣҲ룬ǵһ
Ҷû뵽ǰڸõŮӣͷ
ź쳾ڵӣһǳڶɽ磬ͥͷӭӹź쳾ڵӣǵȷǴĵӣһ޾ˣһˡ
ɿƻĿٴαŮͻȻҡͷҲŮӾǵ꣬ǼȥͥҼǼź쳾ڵ֮һҼǵǼ֮еȷһŮӣŮӣ
ͨЩԾɺϣٿ
㿴ذף
Ҳ߹һذףֻбָһ㣬ɲͨذס
СţҲܸܵذ׿Ϣ治ɵĿ࣬Ȼһ۽
Ҷذ״ΪϢ̫֪Ǳ
һ۽ɿȥʬһȦֻʱҲذСذ׷ĸССģɿһȸӣǣ
ذĸǺȸӣȻҲɿ˵ʲô˼ٿŮӣȻذײŮӵģһΪȸӷ
ǺӱӦÿźӡ
ɿ󼤶ָذסƣˣҿȷӾǵȥͥǸź쳾ڵ֮һҼǵǸȸӣǵ÷ǳһõޡȸѪӵоϵͨŮӣʱڶͥЩͷǰȸӻΪһֻȸһɽڻ
ޣȸ
Ҳǵһţɽ֮Ҳ˵ɿŵȷ
ΪûеһʱϳӣΪʱź쳾ЩǿߣֻʩչһǺȸӣҼǵúȸӣԺӡ̫ź쳾ЩǿƬĿľأ֪
ͨ°ͣĿʬذ֮䣺ذ״ںӺԼ̽ȥģٿذһкȸӵģҿӲȻǱذ˰㣬ڴˣ
˾Ųʮ
Ҳͬ
ִСȢӦûʱʲôܴӴ֣ҵǺ棬ͬŵӣΪλھֵطУ
СŹֵؿŴ䣺ˣ֪Ϊδⴢ䣬Ӧһ˿˿ϤϢ
סˣ̫ɽ磬ôСϵ
֪С¿ЦԵһʱ俪ʼںϴ䣬գǿźȸذףʱͨȥΧ
󣬴ӡʧոҪУȻһ޺Ӵͷš


1894 ڶ麮ϵ
ϤĺȻЩСΪλϤ봢䣬ܶ౦δĿ⣬ȴһͷźӡ
ӡһȻһ鷨ǡ
ҷϢҲǺһ˿˿Ϣ֮ǰõǿϵһġ
ԭϵǣǷϢСϤŷ˿û뵽еڶ鷨ǡ
ַԱ߿һȡһӦǺҸӦǿԪС
߶һŮӴӷţӦþ𻯵ĺӡ
ֻǴʱĺȴǸʬһһ޺µᡢŮӣŴ۾СС촽ƤȳƯǰ
ûз飬Ҳûַ绪֣ûжһ£Ҳþ޹һ㣬üﾹһ룬
Ӵʱʶʼ˵㿴֮ǰòһʶҵݣҾͲ˵ˣҲ˭ܵõҵϣƴңҸɽˮĵطҵķĹ֮УĹΧͻųࡣ
֮õӡ֮ϵǣʱʦȸΧõ鷨ǣз鷨ǣһЩһ˿˿ӦҲĪϵû뵽Сһ𳤴ʦ㣬ɱңҺѡ񲻹һʦ㲻׷֪н޳ϧ̫أԪ񼸺飬֪ʱ޶֮࣬ǰ
ȻԵǾ͸ˣұﶼ㣬Լź쳾ڹҲ㣬ֻһҪĳһȥź쳾ڣһҪţҲϣΪֹܵӦгͷ
ʶ˵˫ۣͬ˯һ㣬ֻص֮С
Ǳȸ͵ϮΪһ鷨ǣֵ𣿲˵һشϢΧӦǿӳȥֻûҵӣ޷ߣ
ںܺڣûо̤ҲΧȴȥһֳܷȥӡ
һϣҲûУ
ȽպãֽϵץסԺΪҲֳʵȸӷֱϵǣйأΪ鷨ɱҲ鷨пĪϵ
ӡһǲ٣ʮ걦ҩһʯһ˲ΣԼһƬҶӡ
ǱҩʵЩЧˣûжּٷһذףȸذһɫƷҲǵ۽ס
ɼȸӹϵ治ͬãϧΪ뿪ΪǲϧѪԶԡ
ǻʽף࣬Ҳʮʽҩʯʯʯǳ࣬ؼ̫ɽ磬ôЩؼһغɽš
Ҳź쳾һ߷ӡǺԪӡɽһȻϱ
ɶ桢ͨߴû̫ʵôҲ֮Уǡź쳾ڹ󱦱ɶԣʵЩƷ
ϴһ鷨ǣ
ʶع飬Сǰ˵Ưһ鷨ǣСϲץġ
ϧҪ֮ܰǰ뵽ԣ㽫ʬƸҲԵõǻвԴȻܳȥһҴ֮أúðᣬź쳾ڣΪһˣ
ϵǻвǻ޴ô˺ôȻΪԸ
߶ùĵӳڷǣǿСѪ뷨ںϣڶ鷨ں࣬ǵһ鷨ںϣ̺ںϵڶ鷨Ǿͺܼˡ
Сںܻ֮Ϊ鷨Ϣһϴ󣬿ǰ˺˵ã
ٲΣѾ䣬ʣ鷨ǣټˣ׼ٴ
⴦Ԩʱմжʮͷһ⣬̤С
ոսϢ䣬ʯűһЩ׹Ҳһ㱡
ڲԶмʬڵϣҹȥһм߶ǰ׹ǣ߲䲻ã廹δʼãûд䣬ʬ嶼Ӳġ
ϴʯ֮һʯп֣ҲΧСѰңջ
桢ɿһһ߰ɸʯϣһЩģ档
һǿģĪԭĪȥ̰ԭȥ޻أһֿ¹û˿սʤ
ϧǿûᵽǹʲôͷ˼ãӦʵǿƭˣ֮󱾾Ϳ£һδ֪ڡ
ˣҵַʮߺǣֻмʬбͨСţˡ


1895 ʯ
ûֻˣֲٺǣھͷһڡ
֮ǰһֱ󣬶ȡǳʯˣҲ֮Уȥ
ͷһϢΪ䣬⣬ǰʯһָ񺮱ΧиʯҲһЩͨɽ壬вٻΪľ
о⴦ռ֮ǰЩҪ٣ٴʱӦͷ
ȴڸӦʱʮ˲ʮڸɽ塢ʯҲӲ츳Ӧ
Щй룬ΪԽ֮ϣֲ̫һ·룬ʮ߱ʬ壬ϸΪͨʯˡ
СǰУͨȻ̾Ϣˣ⴦ǰǴ±ԭǲǺ񣿡
ȷ񣬲Ǵ±ԭҵֻǱԭڲͨԭ䣬γɴ󷨿ռ䣬ʧ˿뿪⴦Ͳһգڲռ䣬γɣ±ԭǴͬ
Ժ֮ðǰʱ䣬ȥ±ԭðգٿΧʯȷִֻˡ
ǵǴ±ԭΪиŮӣڰ˵ʵǿҪȥ±ԭһˡ
ڲʶؿ£ˣ
ּʯ£ʬ壬ĿʣɼĶôͨҡͷǵ±ԭ⴦󣬻ֻյذˣ޴󣬹󡢱ԭֲֿյأв٣⴦ˣд䣬صˣԼ
ǲʵˡﶼΪֱ㿴ǵõʯҩЩǿɱ䣬Ҳܶǵģĥ־֪ΣգȴҪðյԭ򣡡
ʬ̫ôãȻḯãԪ񡢽͸ڴˡ
Ҳܴ֮ܵ·ǹĶǣɱ˶ᱦôΣգյҲ
ˣָӦʮΪߡֹš˾ǵȾͷеһȣƺе㲻ԾΪǰ漸ûˣһʮˣԼʮʾңӦΧȥ
ʮ⣬ϢغΪӦö֪Էڸ
ʱҪȥ⴦ͷϡͷ⣬ҲһϷտһŽԼԼ֡
ƣ
ͷ츳ӦǽϢϣӦһ˿˿ԣȻ̫ǿңȷƾĳһ


˿ˣҪȥΪһʲô죬ʮΪ޶ԣ
˿̣ȴǽͻȻ·ȥǰ֮һƬɫպۣâϼڰ֮С
ʯˣ
û뵽һ˴Ӹһ
Χֺԭһڰˣͷȿֺȥ޼ɵһռ䡣
ʯ
ĪǾǴ֮Уƶʯ
ɿͨ쳣
пܾǿƶʯҲܼŴҸ󼸸˷⡣
գ۾һ˵ռ䣬⴦ռʹ޷ӦɽصǱɽƯһƬѩ⡣
۲ռ䣬ͱ󷽴ӹΪ󷽸һɽƯܶӰⶼ˹ȥȻ
Ҳ룬ûʵȥҲҪһֱõʯǺεģ
ԽٶȷȥӦǰʮѸӦϢӦûиࡣ
ԽһɽǽһɽƯɽ֮УһƵĽ
˴Χǧˣҹ붼ǳԽɵĴڣʥһҲûУЩϢǿ̶ȣֳֹŻҪˡ
ϴ󣬿쿴ɫ⻹жʮʾ濴ȥ
ԭǽɫǰȻһˡ
ǾʮɸߣƺͻȻӽ⸽ɽ֣һץһץƴ⡣
ھ˴ץȥ£¡ץڽ棬ܶ˶Ϊһõʯû뵽ǾƣûнѹԼʼ飬޴Ҳˡ
ɿ󾪺ûĳֿܣǱͷÿȥûɹ
ҿ̾ΪֹǵǿܣҲûȡ飬ε˿ֲ
˿ʮͲòͣΪ⡢ͨӽ˷ǧǿ߶Χʱ̫һһնɱԩˡ
һǰҪǽ֮ʲôû뵽ͨ£ͻȻ߸Ư𣬺öٷ𿪣Ҳڿʲô


1896 Ⱥ۶ʯ
͵ĿȥһʯԲɵƮȥǰգִʯ֮УһЩ룬Щ붼ҫԣʯʢ񻨣ÿһͷҫɡ
ʯϷ˲δҶӣҶӶǽɫһŽɫԣһ財
ͨ󣬺ţĪһ˲βɣ˲ʯںϣʯ˹ʯŻƶ
ʯΧ£ϸ֮ͨͨдһҫɣʯΧը̻Ѥ͹£ʯһɽƶ
ƶͬʱһޱȣһ೤Լʮ룬Ҳͷâһδδӱɽ·֮д͵ϮΧˡ
˸޷ԤЩٶȣʯȻܻԸˣϮɱܾ׼һšüĴ̴뵱ɨ˲Ǳնϣͷɹʯ˱ɱ
䣬һЩʧȥ˿ƣͷӬʯΧһӣƺںˣܿ׹ɽ֮С
㣬Ϳʮ䣬϶亹ʯǿնɱԽɵľͷҲɱһף˭ܵõ
ɿ̾ЩȻɣˣҿʯ֮ǰõǿʯ࣬ʯǱȻ˲ʯϳʯ˲ںϣųΪʯҿ֮ǰǿᵽĹʯҲϹ
ʯǵⱾԴʯںϣγɣǿı١
ǰʯɿԣҲĳ˲ǡþʯںϣΪ˹
ʯΧϱ죬Ƿɱʯƽײô෨ʥ۷壬Ҳлʽףе۽׷Ȼɱʯ޷ʯʯܽ󲿷ַ𿪡
һЩʥʯ飬ӲȻʯ֮¡
ڿһЩͨͷһָͨһνһץʯϷȻնʯԣҲûжЧоʯˮ֣һЩȭط׷׻ʯҲʯһӰ졣
еͨΪ׳ޣҲ֪Ǻεǿ߲ٿأ֮иֻը֮УһȥͬݣȻԽʯˣʯû飬ǳ顣
һƻྪˣ
ΧһɽҲҪǱӻ飬ʯһӰҲûУƯȥ
ͨ̿ˮһֱľͷˣʯ̶ȣ֮ǰΧյأ֪ʯ˿£ҲѰ⴦󣡡
عнȥʯǰͷͨ޷ѹʯȷû˿ԵõȻòʯǿȥɽ֮УЩ˷ҿеؽ׷׹ɽ֮У
ҲǰϰټһЩ۽һǿʬ壬ǵòʯռǿʬ壬뿪أҲ㹻ʬǿ󣡡
ʯƶǿҲʯƶ
ģʯȥǧ׷Ųţ˲ϴΧ
治£滹Ӧɻʥšڡħŵȴǿߡ
ʯȥʮԶ档
ɽ֮Уϵ˲֫ơϽš䡢ͷ­洦ɼЩӹʯϣһ
ǾͲˣˣͰɿ桢ţֻдЩʬ塣
һ۷ʽ״󵶣ͨ˲Ϣ⣬һ˸⵶â˹ȥ
ҲͨɳףøӦһΧڴжʮһɵ۽׷ǧͷһɽȻһڵؽɽ
˵۽ɽֵˣ۽׷Ҳ࣬һؽ㹻һһͨǳء
ȥոտâڲͻȻһˣһ˶棬ҲֲԶâ
˶ʱ֣۽ɽ
ಣ
ٶȣ籼ɽ
ҲʾٷȥڴʱͨǽâΧһѪ
̣
Ѫٶȸ죬ڽâ⡣
ҪâˣѪŵֹһʱŭɶһɨ桢ͨССʥһ˾ƴɣǿǳԽɵĴڣ
һԽɵˣץһڻʽɽɱǣڵ۽ɽ԰ɽһһҲʵۣ
зݣɲǵģͨϣʱǿߣлԽɵĴڣǰ˱Ȼͷߡ
ڣѾжԸǿ߰취
һƽץ飡֮ǸƴɣһѮߣƿڴɾܾˣһֱûͻƣԪһ㱻ġ


1897 Сͷ
ðգƾҵԵͻƴɳɾһ߾磬ӶӵԪ٣ٻҲ⡣
ߺ̤ƶΧըˣץһƻΪָָɽѹ
ˣ
һٸ

Ҳд۷ʵͨõһЩôʵȫԽɡ
ſָץ֮ʣһлˣָճһǸߡ
ߴһû뵽ԼһʥҲ޷նɱͬʱץһʥɽնһ飬̴Ӱջȥ
ɶһֻ޴ҲҲ񣿡ߴŭֹǿҲҪˡ
ӴȻһڵ۽ɽϢ
˭֪ʱһСӸ˷ܶ
˫ȥһСкҲʮң֪ðģһ԰ɫЦȴǳۣһ˫۾˫֮ǵâٶȸһЩ
һСƨҲᱦ
ܵߣַСŽŭ֮£һͷŽնȥ
СкͻȻƣȻһԾʱգӽ֮
ߣܲˣͷӣ˱ɣб¾ͿʵȡСү֪
һСһ͹ĹĵģһͲˡ
ͻȻðĻСζضͨףСٶ֣죬⴦һвʵ
ಣ
ǿߣѪƵĽ
ͨͨӡ̫潣ֱ֣һĳѹȥ
ţ
ǿ߾ԼԽɣǾͷΧҲ޼ɵκ˲С
̫潣ѹ֮ʣͫһһͣȻһͬƳ˫ƣ˺¡һ
ۣ
һһǱӰѪ
û뵽ǻСһƽǸƴɸˡ
С֪ԷһԽɵĴڣһڳǹһɱһڻʽ׳ǹâȻСʱһƻСͷһѪۡ
һģСүƴˣõΣСӡһ磬ֻ۾
ԷǸֺǿߣæͷųǹɱƵס棬ǻ̫࣬һ˹ǿΧյߵ۶Ż
ಣ
桢ͨһɽץȥ
ԷһԽǸߣȻ˵õϧոճ֣ͱ̫潣һƻ⡣
桢ͨ˲һмɽ桢ͨòˣֻΧŵ۽׽ת
Сӣ֪˰ɣ
ǸǿײСЦš
ԭóǹݺݵɨСк󱳣СкûжѪ
ǿ߽̤׷ɱȥӽˣ
ȥ
Σһ̣ͻȻһ㣬һԽףǿɱǹ֮ʣ󱳣ըһ
߲δˣֻСˣŭ棬ȴȻ߶ǹǻСɱ̷ǹâ
үүң
С쳤Х
˭ҲȲ㣡ǿ߿ǹâѾΪɾ޴ƣ˵ɱһСһɽҲ⡣
ɱӣ
һƣǹâɱС˲䣬Сߡ
Сһǣ֣Ӹֳһͷ׷һΡȻֻҲֻƤǣȻ֪¡
үүҪɱң
СָǸǹǿߣԶԶָ棺ղųְң
ããˣǾ͵ñ𣬿үүʰ
׷ͻȻһ
ӻһͷӶ֣ǿгǹʸһǹ̳⻪

Ȼûжʥ׳ǹƣһӡ̫ǿ󣬻гǹơ
¡¡
ɲǼ䣬ǹ˲飬ǿ֮һѪǹҲɡ
ۣ
ֻǴǿһǿߣͷ­ͱժعȥ
ӣ
ʣǸߣƴɣһͬ鱻һɱŵƨϿܡ
׷ɱȥ˴ɸסǸǿߣ桢ͨȥ׷ɱֻ
̫ͨ潣ССǸߣʵǿףնɱԽͷֻһУҪɱǣգۼÿ˶ᱻɱ
߲ûǳ֣ǻȥοǸСҲûжȥȡǿڵ۽ɽҲƴɻɱ
ǣСһָɽǼСղŰӣɽǵģΪõһڵ۽ɽ㹻ɽ֮㣡
СҲ԰ǰҶԸˣɽǲҪˣ
ǰҵȾͲˣ汧ȭͨȥȡɽʱ桢СţҲˡ
ǵõЩʬ壬ڷֻռһЩΧʮҲڱɽ֮Ѱҷ


1898 ʬ
ɽ
ǵ۽ף
û뵽˸ովۼһ飬ͨɽȡһǿߣǳԽɵĴڡ
Ǳͨе۽ɽһڵ۽ĳЩ˶ԣȾҩ˲ιﶼҪҪ
ĮȻһɨĴǿߣʱΪ˵ȡǿȡǲܵģ
ߣϾǼ˲Ĵǿ߶֣һ⣬߾Ȼ˵
һձӥǿߣͷħɷȵΪУΪȷǿ󣬵֣ɱҲ⣡
һЦǸС˫ֲǿƴСүֻ֪ԽӵĶû³ĵܸǣ
֣
˻治ɱߣ˾ӥĿͨ
ӿɲ۸ͨѪ̫潣Ҳһ֣ڵ۽ɽֱӱġ

Ѫڰձըǿ߿ʼںѪմȾѪʼʴ֪Ѫͷ⻯Ϊ˳ѹͨ
ͨȻ֣̫潣ɲͨƣལɱԷгһƬƬ
ҲͨΧǻСҲΧɱǿүռˡ
ͻȻԺԪǼСãֻҪһӣǼռˣػ
ֻҪ֣֣ûаյõɽȻȥ
̫ͨ潣סǿ߹ĴҲʼڶǴʵҲȻȥǣҪԸ̫潣Ҫע޴ڵ
ۣ
ԼʮϢ
߽֣ͻȻһƬҫâͨסߺݺһ˦˱Ѫ
ƥǵţ̧ͷͷһҪֻسӣǼûƥ򱣻ҿܻã
Ҳһ룬Ĵһݻòȥ
С죺汻үү˵УЩ˾ӲĿӵҲ죡
ŴǰлǰԮ֣
֮ͣ۽ɱѪȷ磬Ȼһ۽Ҳǿ߱ض֮ܶڲʱգкܶľ
ߴС˿ˣһ飺ҲȥʯģȰǱȥʯǹôûʰ˳ɹʯ϶񻨣Ǽٵģ󲿷ֶʯɱ
ǰʵҲ޷õʯ
ʯǼۼʶģ֣ز¶Ӧÿȥȡʯ
ҡҡͷڿЦüζʯ֣ÿζʧܶ飬ʯʵһϲγѨϲҲ֪εԭʯںһ𣬳Ϊʯ֣ʯΪϲγѨʯޱȣû˿κǹһҪȥǹϱ˴뿪Ψһӣ
ϱ
ӳ
˲Ӿˣͨæǰ˵˵Ǵӳȥ
⴦ɽ֮Уǳ䣬ÿһܽһɶϷҲһ׷ŷֱҿȥ׷ˣף޷ǰһкܶǿ߻ɱڱܲܳȥ޷֤ȥ棬ӦпܣôǿڱҲɣ
ǰںδ
˵巽λɽƾ˵ҪȥȤǿһǰڻܣ֪˲̫࣬ԺĪ״ȥ
лǰ˲ǻ֮ˣ
ͨ˷߹
ҶȲڴû뵽ӻ֪ĴڣȻл뿪
²˳٣ҾߡС󷽣ʮ⣬ȻǺ¡¡ֶڶַֻը
һʱʮڼǰһɽƬɽѱû˿дɽ塢Ͽȣɽǣȷҵ
һ·ҲʱʱȷλһɽȣҪһʱȷλЩɽڣٱʬ壬Լʬ壬һħźһǵǿߣɻ
ΧʯܼٿģЩǿǰĿģҲû˼ȥַɽ·ֺüɽȣǰСŴһһɽȣʬˣֻм߱ʬǡ
һɽȣݺ࣬Ӹ߿ոɽȾһϼ
ʾ֮󣬴֪ˣ巽򿿽һЩһһȻ򶴿ӳǰֻɸߣδ˿ڲֱ̫֮ͬˡ
Ȼʮףͼһ߱ʬǣΪʬһǽǣٽʮһߣʬ͸ˣһʬ壬ұƽ


1899 ǿʬ
˿ö̤벽һ˲
ͣ²ӣתһ䣺ٽףǱﺮǳֲҪģɹ˲̫ˣ
汧ȭлǰʵڲУҵȻ֪Ѷˣ
ûȥܶʬ඼һɱһǱ˶߶࿴һۣǣСǰСʱʱż
ҸŻһѼʬŲ°پߣȻӼϴ
ԭڱڿʼǰӱ͸亮ǶʥٶҲܾˣǴҲڱٶ΢΢һЩ
ǣСȴƬ̣ƺڵǼܷ氵ͷӡΧһֺƸһһЩ
СѽҲоǼΧԲٱ
һ䣬߾ǣСǾͷδͷֶΣҲ޷ǿߵĴ֮ͬ
̣
ֽʮףΧʬˣٴνǺһҲڰ˲̣ȻϢΪء
꣡
ţԸСĲȵʲô
ԭһ߱ʬʬֻǱţУʬʱһΪһѪʯ
ϴǰöຮ
ףּһʱ̱Ҷľתȥ
澪һҷߡСˣǰʮԶǰӦǱֻܿ͸ʮױֻøӦȥ׽
ߡСˣӦòǲֻΪһȥ
ʵ̫ˣͨͷų˲俪ʼںû£ΪԹһ
ͷڱһʩչƸղҲδʩչȫˣƸ
ϴǶˣң
СͻȻ߳һȻ߶ʧΡ
˿ˣţ
ЦǺüͷ⿴żϵҸذͷ򣬴ҳ
СͷżһɶѾǳˣΧԱ޷ᡣ
ˣСٴС
ͨЩţѵ츳˾ˣСʵ졢죬츳ʵ屶Ҳʹ۷ʵ۷庮ܶԿʵ޷Ը츳ĪܳԽʵʮ
ҲЩ֣СϾʵ̤ɣҲʵ츳Ҳͱ֮ǰΪ츳ԷǳϤӦҲһֱΪ֮У˵ġ
ʿһһδͷϢֲڣˮǱˮУȥȥúάѭ״̬
Ϊٺɿ桢ţֶԻΪƴС˾ʧһЩֻͨ桢Сںߡ
ҲŨܣԼ뼸׾һ߱ʬ
ɿһ˫ͫ¶ɵף֮ǰǰ˵ǳԽɵǿߣҲᶳˣ
ӽʼһΪֲȻ֮ǰλ˵ٽ㣬ȼʬ壬һһŮ§һǽǣ֮ǰǣ֡
Ӧһ˫£˫֮ѾԽһٶǿߣ˵ʵҲֳֹšˡ˾ָ߶ȡ
̣
ԽʬʮףΧʼЩǼּһ
ѱӨɫҲϼûÿ䣬ʱһʬ֣û뵽һˣһΪߣģӦ÷ǳ
ħ
߳Լ߰˲ӣΧٶѷǳˣ۵Сһð亹
ͨͻȻҲ࣬ԭһ߱ˣ˱״̬±䣬Ҳͷһִźڰħɷ
ħʿһպڰĴڣû뵽ҲΪһ߱ʬˣͨȴʬģʬкܴ
꣡
ֻ岽ˣ֮еٶٴμӿ죬ΧΪӨɫ
ҪԽ壬С߶ٴƶ˲飬µˣǸոγֿʼСڲϢʱͱʩչһ
ˣǹǰһСʵܳԽڶǿȥͨЩΣ֪೤ѾӦ
Ҳˣ˵֪ˣǷߣ뿪󣬵ȷǼʵ޷Сգ߰ɣ
һҪԣȫԣ
ûСƢһģ䡣


1900 Ϊͼذ
ͷŸԿΧǱǲһδνʱпߣС߶Ҫ˳ܡ
СЩҪʱͷһ⺮֮Уû뵽ɺһ֣ںϣΧ֮ڻٽΧգ۾޷ѹС
ͨ־ϲô£
ƺǷϢͷɿ󣬾ȴС
ǷϢ
ԼȷǺεȺͻȻӳܶԿΧ
ץ鷨ǣһ̷ǲδ߶ͷ΢΢ӳС֮УΧٱ
ȻǷ΢΢СںϣΧôö޷
ŷǣԺһŮӣԭ˲ҼǵúʶᵽȸΧַǣ÷ǿ뿪ؼϧҲδ֤㣬Сϵõӡ֤
¿ҵģһ׷һһ٣ڸоϢƺ뺮һģ
Сƿ鷨ǣŴСӣһһ
ʮף;ûʬ壬һ߱ʬ壬ǽǣ˫§¸ǰ
ʬѾΪʬòһۣǿû֮ܵʴϴ䡢δʬﶼˡ
ܽ
ͨ˲뵽ˣһǰһһ٣ֻҲܿ϶ϾӦûǿ
ʮٴμʬ壬ʱѾȥעʬ壬ΧٴαɣΪֲ
Ǽһ룬ױҲûмʬ壬˲٣СѾ۵һ԰ףҲʼ̱ٶȻȴü⴦÷Ǻ
ȫЩζĵϧ޷߶ǰٷ֮һԴ߷һʮף
Ȼ򷨹ǣͬʱ߶鷨ǵȻһ飬һ˴߶һ飬ǻܽһξ룡
Ҿ֪߼æһ鷨ǽ档
Сǡ
ʱǰȻһϤǱ
˶һӱ֮һһϺҲϱٶȲ̫죬ܻܺˡ
һ׷ˣӣӦ޷룬ͨҡͷ̾Ҳ޷ķǳأ
ҴһһٴʱϢо΢΢Ϥζźһɣɿ˵һ䡣
˴Сǰû뵽ѾԽǿߣǻĪҪٽȥʮ׺һ
СͷͷźΧСһǰ̧ͷŷǿ
Ưں˫֮䣬Ҫ˵ʲôСͻȻһһֻϣһֻٶȣһץסǡ
ಣ
ݲú󷽼˷ӦСȻץҲС׸Ǹˡ
ǡͨһĻŪûδ׹
ץסǣɭЦֵõһ鷨ǣ;ǼСϢϤһзǴڣⷨǣȥ
ԭΪǣ⿿ǣǰװɵ˲䣬׹
Ѿˣһ鷨ǱߵõҲСССж޷
߸ŷǣ֮˫۱ɱ⣺ֻֻܹߣ㣬ǿߣҲܴϲ⺮ϧǱȵǣǼʹ󷽸ǣӵеáõǣַⷢǿԵϧһ鷨ȫںϣֻܽֵõһ飬аܽǧ˵ǳ·
̣
û˳֣ΪСΧȻʼ
⣡ͨһ
ͻȻź룺ද֣ǾͻʮϢ
ϴ󣡡СС֮
СǸģ϶һаħĪҶҲˣСүͽˣ
Ǿɣһ߾Сƿغһ
Сţż
̣
ΧӿٶȿʼƲϢ˾Ҫû
߶Ǽһᣡ²˳٣һ鷨ϣ߶ǧʱĵԪΧա

߶ǣע֮ʱٶȼӿ죬˲ڼ˫ɵǿǰ˳û
ϵ˲仯Ϊһʯڵϡ
ʮס
Īҿ㻹һֻΪףԺңɾ͸
һһǿѺźһʬǰ


1901 ߵĺ
һδ󷽣Сһֺֻӵ¶аĿ⣺һǻ뿪ˣﲻҪִ⣬ֻнúնˣ
ϴ󲻻ŹǣΪǵĶܺãǴԿ˿ػӱֻ±Сǲ
Ǽ񣿡
һЦķǳ⣺ʥˣһͷǴɣΣûзǣǿߣҲڰʱǼʲô
˵ץ鷨ǣһԼģһǴӺġ
ǣСſʹ㡢ñɣһװСӣʲôһüĿ󱳵һǱΪ飬޳ܣ
ҪǴȴ˼άȥ⣬ÿЦ𣿡
߿ʼ߶鷨ǣӳΧ΢΢ƣ˲ʧõǣ֪Ժ֪һһ·ô꣬߻ħ಻ռԴǿԼάԪ٣ΪѰ෨ǣȻ󴳳ȥϧ࣬ôҾ͵õһ飬Ⱥ󼸴ÿ飬첻ҵڶ鷨ǣںϣҾ߶ǣ鷨һȥϴҿǵõһһܵõ౦
үүҪҵ취ħȥڼԽԽģЩǲס֮УСȿŷǡ
еڶ鷨ǣٿףͷӲżһ˫۾籩Ƶ˸
󷽣
䣡
һʯ˶ס
ʯͻȻڲʼһԼʯ飬Ϊɢȥ
桢ͨһæѪΪƤѪһֶˣָͨܿ
һ΢΢ͷźƸһ̵ʵƸ߶ǡ
ǺͷųΧһɺ޷ԥһ׷ȥ
һξ룬ͼһʬ壬ʬ˱֮ˣϧ
֮Ǽ˸ոˣǼʱ߶ǣѪ˻ܿ츲Ѫ޷³ʬһ
δӦСϢͨͷŸӦһ˫Ŀڱ֮Ѱš
ʮ׵ӣڱϢ֮УӦСһ˿Ϣ
ˣ
Ʋþ׷ȥͨһߡС֣̫ǱܱǣҲܱǣʱΨһƣɱһֱֲ÷ǣƸ뺮ڲ
ͨҲĥƸɽҲйǰѪҲйǸûһͨк
ɿҲʱ˾Ƕ֣ҪʱƸڱֻܼϢֻҪʱƸǾûΣգ
ǺþûʩչһҪǸߡС֪桢ţҲŭֹ
ӵйಭ׽ţҲħȦϰûʩչЩǵ۽׷ںô꣬߶ͬն
ɿƬޱȣɱɽһȣͨҲħǰѪҲֲ֮
ټƸɽС񣬵ϸϸ˫ףֻɰգȳնɱԷ
ȻһҪأǱߡСȻָɱˣֻǱԼˡ
ˣе㶯һֱͷűӦ״̬ͻȻ
ںϣ츳ӦͷųȥڽʮױȸӦСڵϣǰһɽһϷȻͷâһһɽȡ
ͨ߶̫潣һһƸϣ߶
ǧڴ߶ǵ棬ҲЩΧƿʼ
ͨͷִ̫潣ϳһЩӳϣΧѹ
ֿʼڴ߶ƽ׼ֶԸǰˡ
˶ӦЦϢǰ͸ͫƤЦⲻЦĵˣ̫潣߶ɽ߶ಭ׽ֱշɽ͵ϮǿߣȻ͵ϮϢͷƤ¾ȳС͵Ϯǣ
Уͨ޷ڱͷ̫ԶͨҲܶᣬֻвſճȥҲֻ͵ϮһΣһٶȣͬӣĿǰֻʵá
Сǧ
ֻжʮףȴȷ͵Ϯɹһһٷ֣߶ؼϢ
ˣһһҲ֪ͨС׼á
ʮۿǼɱɽǰһһٻ÷ɽΪâԾλûΧһɱΪԿռ䡣


1902 
һһһһٱżһ˼ſףСպһɣߡ껹ʮӡ
ݣ
̫潣ͨ߶£Сɱʽɽһǻûε棬ǿʵಭ׽ͷųȥ
ɽΧڱԴٶȷȥƽʱʮֹ
ã
һͻȻһಭ׽׵ӣһڻʽ׷ɽСҲ׵ӡ
ΧƯ鷨ǣѾ˲ϷǣٶתҲ߶ͷơ
գۼ䣬ಭ׽תѴһ֮ڣ߿־忴ǰಭ׽ͷŹӡӴæҲ
ۣ
ݲಭ׽Ѹײڶ֮ƣۣ۾Ȼըֱͬըɣǿ鷨ҲѪը𿪡
үү
һԲҽУСӦģת޷ܣʽɽؿڣײڱԱȾ졣
ϴ󣡡
С
һ̣˲ȥûնɱһһ٣ǳСǰ̫潣һƾͽϷӡ顣
̣
ΧҲ񸲸ǶߡͷźһԵһʱάַ
ϴ߶ӳַǣͷų
ҵķǣ
СΪ𣬲һгȥȥһ鷨һͬҧסûڰձ
漰ʱϹͷŽСӱ֮ڻСҲϻûΣ߶
һ淨ںϣΧ޷ɽ˲˼ȥעһһ١

߲ƣΪûзǱȫʼƴȥȥǳ뱻ѪĻꡣ
˻Żʽɽ߸أ޷Կһ㸲ǡ
˷һ𿪺þȫֻӻٶȰˣ˫ͫҲͷаħС֮ǰаࡣ
һһһﱯԿϧﺮ̶ֲȳ
沢ܴ֮ǰøֱʣû뵽һ֣
ͨȴ죬Ȼڱǿߣһ˼ȡҲû뵽ǻ̫ܣʵ͵Ϯ֣ܵ
ֿصеĳಭ׽ǹҲԶŵ۽׷Ȼǳಭ׽͵Ϯͨʽɽһ͵Ϯˣ
˿ϧã
صӪ֮еĺɱԹ˫ͫײϴ㲻֪ƴǣǿߣҲˡСأӿʼǼƻģһʼǾ͸ӦϷϢ⿿ǣôжȥ
ĵˣǴΪɳܣţǼ⣬޲¿ˮ
ħͨҲһһ֮ԱǣµģֻײУǴԣΪǴȻʤ̭˶Ǿʳһ
˿̣Ǳɴڲ߾Թ硢֪н죬ࡢ͸ɱǣûϵϲֻһ鷨ǣ飬Ҳ޷
ܶ鶼˵ΪǶջ򷨹ǶֿͨСȥȡܼ̣СʩչɽӦúȡΧ߻ֶΣ
Сͷŷǣټͨ߶̫潣һӳڷǣʱʵӦôﵽԽɺܸߵĸ߶ȣʵ߶ǣС츳ͨһʯ
ɿ桢ţαʯߣֱС̬𽥶ɱʯ
Ȼ£ҪִڣҲҪһ̣Ӧڰңʱڣֻܵȴ˭֪߻ʲôɱС
ԱҲȡ˹ұסˡ
羧彽ɣܿڻʣԴн֯ʢŶü˶ԡ֮С
ˣһ꣬ʵͨñϣ߶ǸаսС̲סˣ˱ԣֱˮ
ʲô˼ֱӽһʣһƸдôҲԺ
ȥʱСſǱ񣺡һһӦˣ
ͨȭͷ̰ʬҰɣƿܣֻѪӤںϣѪӤʵһܴ
ûͨһɣ߶ʽɽɽһǣʱ߱СѾò԰׺ѪɫһϢҲûУǿ³ҲԼ
ǽύ˵ʱ˫һ߶ǣһͬһ
ûкڣҲûԼѡģΪʵԾԶһ̣ע³
꼸࣬ͨͽ봢䣬˸ոնڻδȫԴ档


1903 ӡ
ô꣬һõٺöϧûʱȥ䡣
ͨһ̣һ棺ˣǽŽȳȥ
ڴ£ƶǰĴܾȥҪ߾ȫ߶ǵޣȥҳܣ
ԣ
Ҷͬ⣬ٴɺ߶鷨ǣǿ鷨޷߶ֻ
桢ͨҲ߶ӳ鷨֮УһŬٴһС
ȴû߳ʮףԽǳʯڽ俴һ߸ʬԭҲ
Сַѽ⿴棺ˣΪûнߣ
浭Ӧֻһͣκ˼Ź˲ûжȡʱûڣ
ǴӦˣҪĻٰϣôãҲ仹ڣС¶̰Цݡ
ͨʬ壬ʬѾˣḯãͨйȻҳ䣬ȡһӣԼһơ
ϿǿߣɢޣǴǿߡ
룬ıʮףû뵽ΧٴαȻٶȺ˵ʱѾֲ޷ĵز
ֲּʮףΧٶȱø죬˲ͷҲֹ
Ҫ뿪ˣҶҡͷ
â
Ȼʲôߴңڱʮ״Ϣͷų
Ȼ
ֻʮף´ҶˣŬһ£ܵõ
ͻȻˣһɽΡȻĪ̫౾ԴɴѪ߶ӦÿԼֵ
˶֪滹ֶΣĬˡ
濪ʼ߶ǧʱҲȫ߶ھӳǡ
ȴӿѹơ챬ըͨԪҲһĿֲо
ˣ
δͷųĵȫͷӳڷԼԸֲ֮ʣӽںȻӿһسϼƻ
һæ𵤣δȥذ֮âڽɢҲǿй˲ؿռ侭ʮ֮УʱоԼҲһӡ
ǡӡ
ʶӡǡۣΪɽƸҲпǿɽһʯû뵽Ȼһ߳ŹѺۼˡ
Ҳӡ
ʱڽɫռ䣬ҲǧԴȪӡâ£Ϊԣһһ㡢һƬƬһΪϼ硣
ӡʵֻ΢΢ͷһЩֻʥΪԳء
濴ˣӡ𺳣Ҳӡںһǵһγֶ
ˣ
ƸӲԶƮСкһƳ£ӡʺ֮õߣһɽһû뵽˺ˣҲһӡǿģҲδֻܹ
ͨ
˲ӡ£
бҪ𣿡ֻһʶѣ¹ͽ仰˵
ˣ㲻ӡǺεȴڣǷԣһĴڣҵ
ӡСкʼͷ
Ϊˣ沢δȥֹ⣬֪ӡεȲֻǵֻһ˶ѣӡǿиԤ飬ǿ
ɵģûһӡӡҲ־
ҲȥһЦٿӡ⽫Ϊϼ⣬Ǻε
ͬ磡
Сմȫ߶ǣΧȴû뵽ӿһ⣬嫺֮һ롣
Χ˲俪ʼʧڼһ޷ǰһ̣Ǽ˷·֮Уһ֮Ǳ޲ĺ
ţţӣһ˫ħͫΡΡϴΪغߣ͸оȻ֮Уܱ
ϤյصĴͨԣҲǺģȻ֮Уյ֮ϣ
֮ѵǱֻɿƺܿì֮УûȻʡ
Ҳ
ľͷ棬ɲǼָɣû뵽ջ񣬼һ֣
ǰﰡǵģ
һ壬С߷£˰ز
ڱܸ֮ܵ͸ľСǹɺȻȲ鷨ǡ
ǺʵǳˣֻС޷߶ˣ෴ӡΪҲֻһ˿˿ϷǺԿֲ


1904 
ɿͷˣӡȷϱֲˣҪõ
ҲͷһܸܵӡӷںϣҲǧ꣬δʵ߶
ӡܲϧûᡢûʵĿãأ֮Уӡͷ
߳ʮףҲ
עǷǰӡͷ״̬ʵһ޷߶ӡղŹǸ⣬Ҳֻͷ˿˿ˣϷǿƱ
ǰȻĿΪϼ⣬Ҳӿ죬ǰʮ࣬ǰϼγƹΣһʿռ䡣
һ˫˫еĿ⿴֮УȻȻǱһʯϣһ䣬Χ仹δ
ǺЧΪԣȻÿ˶ô
Уȫõ󷨣ӵпº
СӣҰȡɿץƬЦҪȥȡ
Ҳкñ
ͷŸԷҸʯǰ÷иʯСȡ߱
Ҳ֪γɣѵʯвԣ
濴ãҲδӱʯϿʲôҲﵮѲͨΪһָ߼Ĵڡ
㣬˲Žȡ֮ǰ䣬˱ζһдա
ʬ塭
֣ʬһ仨ϣ
Ŀ껹ȡߣҲ̫ܵá
ո߳ʮףһʬˣʬ岻ǽǣϣΪһϡ
ɿ˿źֻһʽ׷ǵ۽ףҲ֪꣬Ѿʧȥһͻ飬۽׷⣬κηҲ޷Կ
ϧˣܳԽôǿʵǿһ棬ҲǹؼʬӦû
ͨʬǰºúѣҲʧȥ󲿷ƷҲ֮Ϊͨʡ
̫á̫ã
̣
ǰһξ룬ƴʱѾ࣬ûмͷΧٴα
Сò԰ð亹ɶ񣬹ƾͲһ㣡
òײۿҪɹҶһֹһĸо
ͷŹټһ£Ҵ߶ӳ֣ȫ÷һЩܳɹֻܺˣΪһЩһ
ĵ¿ʼգﶯٲԪΧʣһķն𣬺չȥ
ˣ
ǧʱ˲ӳ鷨ϣԼӡѾֶΡ
Χ˲ʧǾȻԾɼô£֮ǰǼϴ߶ǣҲ˶ӳ־Ͳһˡ
ᣬҿǰȻ벻ǣַʬ壬֮ǰʬһʬ塢䶼ˣܶꡣ
ʱΧδйĿֲΪǴʱһʬ壬ʬһŮӣһͷų۽Ϣͨ鷢֣ӶѾ󲿷ʧȥ޷ʹá
һ̾ϲңҸоһһྪ˺ռ䣬ӦǱڲкԴͷӦòͷ
ͷ
ֻͷ󺹣ɼ߶ӳӡ鷨Ƕôףʱʱ̿ɢ䣬ҽѪͶ𵤣Ͷ¯֮зա
˷£ϼӳǿܲһЩҲ޷ȵٶȣ㣬ҲͰ㣬ͻ᳹һգڰڣϾҵ취뿪
ʮסʮסʮס
߳һҶĬĬţֱһӨѩ׺һȻʱ˲Ԥеͷ
ȻƺǱɽֲǡ
ϺһԲΣ۾⣬ԴӼ˴ʱȥӴ濴ʲô⡣
ֻǴǾ͸ٴôΧҲ˵ʱȫ߶ӳַҲʼٶȵǺҲ֧Ų˶á
ȥ
֮ʣֶܼãϴͷ
ģҷֹﲻǱɽҲĳʣһֹââγһƬοռˡ
ֻǺ￴һͷſڵϣ֮ǰŲ۾⣬ʵһԲ۾ĹⶴЩܿ·ƺΪһֻֻš
ѵĳֹͷŵĹ󲻳ɣ
桢ͨԼͷŸӦδӹ֮иӦκˡ
ˣ
ʱ鷨ǹﺮϢӦ
ϴҸож뷨ϢЩƣʱС鷨ץһ鷨ںһ


1905 һŹͼ
ǽȥ
һƽ
˫ͫͻȻһû뵽Ǻ·һʬϧɸʬһɽҲʧȥΪһڱ
ȻʵģƱֳֹš˾־ͷʵҪǿĶࡣ
ϧһһҵܣյܣں֮С
꣡
˴ϢϢû뵽˲䱻ֲֲ̫Աǿ߻¾޷ֵﺮϮ
淢鷨ǾȻûбҷǻ΢΢ζ˵ڲȷĳЩϵ
ٴ뵽ԣ˵ǷĳϵȻˡ
ţȫ̫ˣҸоûϴӳ֣˲ᱻɱ
Ҳ·˲ûƬκһ仯Ϊԭ
ټһӣ
潫ΧҼǿһ鷨ͷž£ŷǹâһ뺮ڡ
˳һ㣬Сѧ·뺮֮УһʱٴΰһëȻƤڱһһҲڲ
ŵÿ¡

ż״һ
Ų̧ͷ˲䣬ǰϷȻƯʮâУ΢΢תϸƶ
ƬΧԲͬŲǿԣĳ
ܿ𣿡濴ԺУԤе棬Ӧоر
һӦҡͷӦϢΪǽɫк̫£ҵĸӦҲ޷͸йɷǳ
һҪʲôͨҲ˾ͷٺ£һ߹ȥ
ˣҵԤиǿˣһ㿴鷨ǱǴ߶ʱϢΪǿӦǱԶţ
СѾȲ뿴ʲôӦһϴ͸Һòã
ʼ
ǵȱһǳ죬ðҲţе㲻
ţӣСһǰۡ
ţǰһСֻװ
濴ϷУ·룺֮ǰںϷǣرƺϵκαԵ˶᲻ߣģ
лϴ󣡡Сִ߶鷨ǣÿһѡ
һ㿿ԺУʱһɽ磬صı磬ֻǼ˻ţΧһж
滺𣬾񡭡ж
һ̣Ҷ̧ͷ룬·ƯǱĳ
亹ˮһʣӳþͨӳӡԼǣʹôҲܼǰ
ƺһͼǰʮףѾ·
һ̣ϷжʮףҲ٣ϡܿԺ֮УһͼʳΣ񻭾Ưڰա
ͼ
Ϊʲô˭뵽һͼ
ٴ߳ʮδҶȷϷ֮УһͼǺΪУͼǰɫɫâ֯ɣ廹޷ɼԡǴͼͷŵġ
ζһͼ޴
СЩįеʧ
ͼɲ򵥣һյʱգ㿴Ƕٴ߶ȥȡͼ
ͷ鷨ϢںϣСϷԺУ͸ĺԣȻСΧ˲ʧһʱ·תתȦ
һĻͨòУǿǿŲסڲʱȡͼҪ
С֣Ҳﲻܺ
԰Ҫ棬ɼֲ˶ãҼæ߹ȥû뵽ǹ󣬾޷벽ǱͲܶˡ
Ȼ򣬶ԴҵͷСϷԵֻԽȥǱʶų⣡
ҿĽʺޡ
ȥСƿ鷨ǣϷȥ
ϣرȻοɰæˣͨæ档
ˣ
ʱͷ˵Ϸ룺οرˣ
Ī֪ͼʲôڴ߶ǧʱ״̬µ棬ȫ߳ɣʱʱ̿ɴʬ壬Ѿһա
ƺɿЩ֣ǳ档
⴦ܴ󣬺ܴ󣬱˵Χ󣬾ڲҲǳ嫣ϢӦþͼټһռ䣬뿴εȷƿذռ䣿
Ƹ
Ƹɽ磬˶֪ıϵ۽׷ͼȴٰܸ棬أͼӲ
ܿǺεȱ


1906 ۱
ټɽַȻ࣬Ҳֻûȫڴ߶Χʵ˿뵽ģǴ֮Уɽʮͼ
ͼ
ɲǼ䣬ɿ˵꣬澪һͻȻ𵴣ΧϮ
һ򣬼ʱͷűٴνͨӡͷųγһƬȻشñ˲һͣ
ͼ
ȻİŹͼӴŻıɽͼȥðա
ʵͼĳһԭΪͼ֮Уһͼ޼ͼ޼ڷ磬һи飬ҲΪ޼һڷɳΪ
ͼǳԭǱʶ;޼ڣ봫֮޼ͼһϵ
Ҳͼ˵õ޼ͼǸŪ޼ͼ޼ھûйϵ
һᣬһ˫۾·ڷգٴοɿ󣺡ͼ𣿡
ɿЩԥҲſ϶Ŀ⣺ʵҲ̫ȷҾǾãӦͼΪֻͼͼϹž͵ĴڣɽӦһʱıɽ֪ģ޼᲻ƣͼװռ䣬ҾӦҲ֮У
һǽͼ̫ͨԶ֮ǶǾɿԣɽġ
ϷСȥͼ֮£Ժǿйڣ鷨Ҳڻû뵽Сͼںϡ
С϶ϡϴͼи˵˵Լʲô۱ϣ
һˣ۱ϣͼ
۱ϣ
ɿޱȼæͣˣˣҿ԰ٷְٿ϶Ϸͼʮͼ
ͼͨҲ̲ס
Ϲ֮УһԶޣΪ۱ϣͷޱϳһֻ۾ǵԼʱգ۱ϲ֪εƳһͼͼ۱ںһ壬Ŵ˵
۱ϣ
˿϶û˵壬ҲżȻ֪ĴڣϹŹѾҲһֻ۱ϣʵǿ¾ǻűһֻ۾һǿлԱǧһСܱΪĵ
˿ֲĹ
˶ڵ۱ϣεȹǧһʱա
ɿٴ˵ʵԶһЩؼ۱й¼ģֻҪǴһЩһͥٶǻ֪۱ϵĴڣΪǶһܵõͼԷǳעͼйκεĴڣ
۱ϵͼʲôȲʵ
ͼʮͼ֮һĻͼ
ͼ
ǰǻͼϹʱʱʮͼˣ𺳰˷ʱܶ˶ͼʱǨϴǦͼҲʧšֹŶЩһЩͼˣʣͼ֮١
ǻͼкε
Ҳ̫۱ϵɵһϷӦ۱⺮ʵ۱츳һ˫˫ɿҲǳϷС
ͼ
ٴοСĽ
˭Ҳû뵽֮УȻһ󱦱ʲôһͼ
֪ͼɽ綼Ϊ֮
ɿ̾ϢĽС˻ʱõͼϿɣѾӵݣδȥκͥԴһͷŻͼκһͥưһš컯ɽ硢̫Щٶ
˻һҶĽ
СݻԵҲ˸ģɿֵʱõǣԭԼںϣһںϾ͵ӵеõͼϿɣ˸СóݻԵ
滺̹ȻЦʵҲΪʱǣҾʹ鲻õ๦кܶ౦ÿһͼҲȥԲΣҶὫ͸СǻԵԵʼģֻͨҵȥٳԵ
ȣ
ΧһķڷҲ֪ӵжٱ
̣
ͻȻѾȥ㣬Χڱͻƣ֮һû
һ濴иߴСܲ취ľųɣ޷ֶã
ˣ۱ʶһԣ
΢΢תСں֮Уһ̣ӦһͲκζ
þϧĸ߶ӳӡûӡҲߵ졣
ͨƤϮ֮Ҳʼо嶼͸ʵڲУֻвƸǵ۽׷ǲ治£
뷨ռ䣬ʿεֶΡ


1907 ʮͼ
Χ֮ϮϢתۻΪҲһûжද浽һ̣ǾͲƸڣ֮Ƹ֮У޷ܻܲţÿСʲôʱںϻͼ
Сͼһ̳Ϊ˻ΨһΡ
ʱţʱʱ̶̿˶ԶǼ尾һģѾǺľʱ߶ӡͷƺ
ֱۡһЩƤҲں»ΪһӨ

Σ֮ʣϷͻȻ͸һɶ
Ҵʹ̧ͷһƬԺڶߣ˲俪ʼڻΧҲʧȥ
СϷʮɰ˵ϴѾͼʶںҾͼˣǿͷͼһ˿˿ϢҲº
ǻͼָҲܲвΪƤˣһæѪ
ɿ򼲺һȻϷ
۱ʶǻͼʮͼеһţϧͼʶ޷ͨãͼںϲŽвһɣƻҪһʱܵõͼϿɣ
ոõ鷨ǣʵǻͼһλںߣ֮ɢⷽյ֮УմȾͼϢ˭ܵõǣںϷѾӵͼϢлͼںϣ
ô궼ûˣܵõǣͼΨһһԲܵõͼϿɣҲõģﶼͼ򣬲κǣ
ˣϷ콥Ժ
˽һͻֲ÷ӵо˺ܿƺ
ԭǾͼһˣ֮ģȻںϷǾͼ
ϧҲǰںϵģ֮ǰһһ٣ƾŷɢⷽյĳʱգȻ˵õҲ޷ںϣӡȸӡ
ǻԵǰǿĴڣδƾ跨ǵõͼǼʥΪҲʹʵȴõͼ
˻Ե޷ͣȻСںͼҲÿһݹͣǺľСҲԵõͼ
ȻСҪһʱȡͼΧǳûˣҽﾡָңдʬ塢ҩָʵҪ
֮£һӣͨҲõĴѰһ
û뵽ҵʮʯкü飬񻨡ʮպЩںϣʯǰ̣ͽЩ⣬ƽȥ
ԼĶ䣬һ˺ҵõͿʼͨҲħڲ鵤ʬƶɵѪץȡ٣Ͻɡ
ͨˣϧûʵܽﾫѪںϣں򵥣ĿǰΪںٶȺ
Ҳû⣬ǿ󲻵ãʯޱȼ⣬ﶼںϣ̤ɣȴʵһǻúʯԼԺãУһȥͻƴɣ
ԴȥҾԼ
ѪãԻָõıÿ˶ΪѪͷ֮ʼָ
û뵽һľˣѪϡ֮лһЩ
ԼҲʼѪ鿴оۡ
󼸺ڲֻʣۣѪҲȼգֻеزѪѪ
ĵ£߶ǧ˿ֲ̫࣬оۣԭ˯ȥ
Ϣ
֮УȻоһǳɫ
æһڰɫڣ֮ǰõǿųɫһ˿˿ԻںϣϢǻһռһЩȼճһԻס

ѪԼʬ徫ȫһſյģʼӰ˷
֮Ҳ䣬淢һЩɫֱΧΪ棬ԵĻ档
ӵѪ𣬻йԸҴһ𣬿ֻɱ䣬ϧֻ̫һ˿˿գͻƣһд
ɫһֻϵȻӵںһôȻһδɱ䡣
˿Ԫ󣬼ͨԪҲήĵҲʧȥһЩԣǰǰ財
ΪӳΪСõͼƴ
ӡοɶл㣬㣬Ҳлõͼ
Ȳ鿴ɽɽһǣٿһڵӡ


1908 𺳳
ӵõӡʼһֱ޷߶ֻںϣ֪ѹȥһǧꡣ
ǧʱںϣнⷬջ񣬶಻ףʵӡֻͷ΢һ˿ϢˣޱȺ嫣ǴﵽɣҲ޷߶ڶһ˿

ⷽռǿʢѪɾΪȫһϣֽ֮С
ξͽʬˣ
ҪƸ֮Уʬʬֻǰʮ֮һ
Ҳ֪Σӳȥ⣬ҪںľҲ̫ףһĳطںľ
ɵ뵽ڰƸϣ澫ճһֱ룬󲿷ͨɿ桢ţ֡ӿȥ
ˣҽһһʬҲɳһգʣֻѪӤ
ͨҲΪǣڶѪʵҲ滹ҪǿһЩȻԸࡣ
Ǹ棬һ֮ǰһһʬħ֮УʩչѪħֱٽɡ
ҵԾںָͨڰϴæΪͲٹ̫࣬һ˼
õʱ䣬ҲõΣա
磡
Ⱥɽ֮Уʿ߶ַΧһŽ⡣
ǽһ޴ʯҲ˲ںϵʯ֡
ʯȻǸͻϮʸֲɨһ̰Լˣɱ
ǿ߿һĻҲûͣȥԸʯֻ֣õʯõϷ
ǶʯһõԼ޷ֻҪ׸ͥǿߣǿǾܻһӵλҪʲôʲôӵһͥΪλǿߡ
ϷŹ֮޷ȥǸҲգȡʯҲãٻлᲫһȡʯ
ٶǿ׷ɱʯ
עʯϾʯԷǳҫۣһ̣ɽ֮ϣ㽻֮֯УȻɽ緢һӿһɿֲԷڽơ
ʲô
˱ƾӿĽס
ڳ󲿷֮â񷣺찡ӦԣǿʢԱо


׷ɱʯǿǣʯĴڣΪ޻ûɽϿգһƬƷڡ𵴺ХԹâ֮⣬ҫڲ硣
εϰںһҲûǿң
ʯҲȲ
꣬ʮ꣬ǧ갡δâ
˵֮УټҲûԳ
ǿһԽ׳ĽƷһֻɫĢϵɽ·ıء
ΪƳҲˣû뵽ĢڹԽԽ󣬺һĽɫɽ
һǾر
һ̣Ž׳󣬴ǽ֮У¡¡𵴣˺ѣǿ߶Ϊ֮

ڳ֮Уδʲô󲿷ǿֱȥֻʣ¼ǿûʯչ
ȻҲȥֺ嫴󶯾ررͲܵõģҪԵ
ʯ֣㾪ˣŶܵõʯ֣Ҳڵõһرȥ翳ƣѹʯָΪʵ
ͬʱڲƳ֮ɽ
ɽʵ֮ɽͨʵ˶ռ䡣
Ҫˣ
һ֮УΧһЩʬǡ
һ˲ޱȣֻץץͷͽһư׷ץѵٿԷĲֻ࣬Ƥǡ
Χʯ£Ϸ¶ɣĿ⣬ǲϷŴ𺳣ʮ꣬û뵽ʱ̣֮УҼر
Цңǹһ㰲οʮ갡ľǿԼؼһҪŻȥʱ֮ǰҪһ㲹
¿ҪҲݵĺܡ
վͻȻ£Գ⸱Ƥˣرµõ۽׷Σһڴˣ
ء
һҲ֪౻жԶ
Ƕ
׹֮УͻȻһǴӰ׹
һͷͷͷħѪⸯò٣һѸʬ
ǻŵģǽƣҳˣлл㣿رҾѲˣΪԼѾ
꣡
ͻȻô󷽡
ﾹȻһħɷΪһӰϰ׹Ƕ顣
ôǳԾħˣ߻ħӦһħʿѵǺڰĺڰʿ
ħӰһһ꣬ʮ꣬һ۲Ϊ棬ϡӡͷֶһЩɫƬ


1909 󶯾
ôЦǣһͷϰ꣬Ҫ
ħˣô꣬һ۾ס
ħ绹ͦ˽ģ
ħΪǿΪϵģħħ壬ħֻЩħħһֳƺˣħʿڰħһģֻɽħ壡
治һͷ򵥴ķϣҾͲɱˣԽ˴ȥ
¸ôһˣõرʲôãҪ
ǸǾͿرʲôֻڰ֣ȥ
԰ʶʶҲãҲûɱˣָһЩԪ٣ͻȻҲȥ
һ̣֮ټأ
޴֪λãһһãҲδҵλãײ
ΧسʯңֻǸˣ
Χһ˿ϢҲҲ
Ǵ֮Уһ鳤ʯ󣬴ӦþһΪλǲ
Ȼˣʯ֮нϢͿջѰš
ҲѰʯ
ȻΧǻҰһƬҲǣͻȻҰգȻӿһƬԣ䲻ǿңһŴ󣬶ڲͬƺܾΧʯҡ
ǡǡ
һǿȷͻȻðĽơ
ﰡ
ǿ߿ʱһһģš
ǽƲӿһرǿȥ˲ٳɣǧѷĻᣬΧûжǿԵһȥȡ
ƴ߳ĺ̶̼Ϣʱ䣬ǽƾһɫĢյ߿ͷŸΪҫԡ

һĳϿȣеߣʱԶֻӴСһĽơ
߶ʱһɽ糤շ˹ȥ
âַʽ֮УֻмټΣйƵâ緢һǾر
һǿߣһƣƳơ
磬ħΪϢͻȻʧˣ
ĳյ֮Уһǰһģһꡣ
ţؼֵܣغס
΢ЦĵܵܣֶĮĸ˵ƣĪǴ뿪ˣأӦȡΪԼʵ˺п޵ħ֮壬ʱǾͲ֣һ޵ħ֮壬ӵдʵƾһҲԽѹ
ż֮ɫ˵ħϢԲҵֻصϢô£֮ǰһ˿ֻصϢֲˣֻصƱɱħ˸ҪǿԶǿ󷨱֮һħ֣֮õ˷ˮ
ܵҪ˵ʲôʱ⽫ĿͣסгһĨ⣺磬ǲҴ㿴ôͻȻһգ
Į꾲̧ͷԶտȥɲƽӣ𺳣ô̫ܿܵܣرر
εر죿ֽԽԽŴ󣬵ܵסˡ
ȥҲ֪ͨˣرȻʱһʱõ

ֵȥֻӥȥ
֮ڣ
ݺᣬһڱ䣬ռ䶼ں·Ҫâ顣
·桢ͨ޷Уһվ·𺳿ͼСںԽۡ
ں϶֮£Ǹоʱᱻ顣
ɿһȻ̲ס̾СͼںϣɻͼȻ£֪ͼâⷽ籩
ͼҪˣ
Ӧͼڳ
Ҷ·ĬĬվţҲֻվţŻͼСںϣȻִء
ͼ˽ڳâ֮£桢ͨӦͼǿĶڷաڡ
ϧڳâ֮£޷ͼǺεһĻ
ĽҲ˵ĺܣСͼںʮ꣬ڳɹ

ͻȻаСͼпʼŴ󣬶СϷǻͼһҲâзŴķϼ֮󣬾ȻȥһŷŴĻͼ
гâϼ⣬γһž޴ͼΧ졣
ɿ⣬ͼâֳͼ״ζţֻҪڿâǿߣῴһž޴ͼᣡ
ͨҲĵĺܣô˵ͼˣ
ҡͷͼɴ󶯾޷ѹͼ޼ͼͼԱ֪ǰһĻһͼâ޷ƣ
ƣ
²ɿ˵ף۾Ҳܿͼâж磬һâɽ壬ڷӿ
âĸʿѹյأҲ޷ͼ


1910 
濴ɿ󣺡е㲻ףͼΪξӵдԳ
ʵͼԼκһͼǴ֮Уȹϴ裬ӵԵķַȻ࣬һͷԣȻôҲйأͼھغܶ꣬ȻΧ쳣
Խķ
û뵽ͼ˵á棬ֲκһõͼܳΪ֪Ĵڡ
ٴοǾ޴ͼһͷŵ£ΧҲΪֲôҵһжɽѡ
̣
ȴʮϢͼΧԿʼһɸ

˸оԪɶŪÿҪ顣
ͻȻǻͼĭһ飬ΪһĨϼֺɫ˲ʧСڡ
ͼˣ
ﻹлͼӰӡ
ϸ˷ЦݣζСѾͼȡڿϷǽʧ˵ǣŻͼСںϣΧ˲һ룬һԾٶʧ
ϷҲڻϡϼһΧһơһƬƬһա
Χٿֲٺ٣ʱţֱַҲɢȥֻ߳ǽ
֮ǰǰֲ˲佫⣬ΧЩս̶ֳȣ޷ƴɴԱ⡣
ɿȿΧһУҲһ߳ȥͼʧ󡢺Զʧ֮ǰ˵ˣƬټ󣬶ǻͼͷųһγһͼռ䣬ͼСںϣûбԴƿأҲͲתʧ
ͨСΧüͷһ˵Ǻ£ȻͼߣͼСںϣζѾڽʧڲǿߣָɣ
ûͼûⷽͼͲƿڰʱ᳹ʧɿӦ
һˣ
һɫ׹£ԭȦǻѵС
ҶϲСõͼÿ˶ԣҪ塣
Ҳͼøǿ
ȴɭɭһɨˣʹãҪģϳʧ뿪⴦ɽӦҲкܶΪͼ⴦󣬶ڲЩǿߣҲںܶʱߣǾ߲ˣ
ߣ
˼ͷƳһ֮С
û뵽о˱ǼΪ̫ÿС֣Сڴ߷Դ
̺֮һ˿˿ͼͷųΧ˲ʧȥҼƽأٶȿľˣͼ֮
ҲںϣΧ
ű뿪ռ䣬øӦϢ˲븽һʯһӰ֮Ум˷
ҺߵļʱЩ˽
ʱͲô߶ͼҿתɽſһ޵ͼƯɽۣ֮û뵽ͼСȡһӣâȻ׳ۡ
ü˾°͵ǣͼ֮£һ¡޳мȵӰͼâںϡ
ǲС
ͨһѵͼԳҲͼںϵСӰӣҲһͷų²ͱ¶ͼСõģ
ɿ˵ҲõģСֻӰǱ𣬴ֻܿһŮõͼ

Χ֮УΪȻмӰֱӻ󣬷ɽ룬ͨâ
ͬʱ෽λ֮УҲһ˶ȥҲʮӱɽڲ
֪ǿߣһЩˣЩҲһδδϧòǣ޷ȥͼˡ
һҲǼ˺޹ϵͼ֣ⱻںϣõرΪ֮лһš
ϽϢ뿪ΪӦܸңǼ뿪룬˷ˣ롣
ʱһģѾܿزܿʯңû뵽֮ǰ̽磬ʧȥͼ˲һͬʱһ֮С
״󷨣ڱʮ󣬴˳תû뵽һ̣һŽĢƯϷǽ֮гһͼӰ
ͼȻס
ʧΧͨôֱ淽λϾس󣬴ŴҶתתһ£ҵ꣬Զյ롣
꣬Ŵ뿪յأΧյһ̣˺ŻָȻ
治ֱӻصɹҸطΪͨʱҪͻƴɾ硣
뿪ΧյذòѰһƬɽ;һЩˣ氵һЩѾоرΪ֮ȥ


1911 ͨ
ע޷õͼͼ󷨿ռвԼʯûԼܶ˽ǻջ񣬼ϺܶǿߺҲ¡
úô󣬾ɴҥֻӤػڴΧ뼸ҲֻʱΧȴҲΪͨ
ҲôҲõģΪһʥɽ±˷֣Ҳע
ҲҪһºͻһݣ´֮úأޱ泩ٴθܵ嫡
ʵҲһξ磬Ͼ֮ʮʱ⡣
ܿϿսѾγɣƬҲ
߳һ𣬵һشٴ
ֻͨһХץǰ׽ٵһɨһӺ׽˲顣
ҰɽٷʽѾ˶٣˭ͨʮǰͿԶɽٳΪɣȴΪôá
ڶ٣Ҳ׽٣һѪɫգδǿƣֱͨ߹ǰһɨ׽ķѣ̫ˣɽҲš
˭õ٣ͨ鷳Ȼ鷳еģǻý١
ٶ飬ýʱͨϢ֮Уʱûж
ɿעǰٱ仯ˣͨħʿѪԣƻýٶԹǺģ
ⲻ󣡡浹Ǻڴ
һħɷâգͨһ߳ڽýٴ顣
ɹˣ
ϴٴδ֮кХͨȫѪʹҲǲסֻд
ɴٴ֮󣬾ܴʥɱɡ
Դﶼв٣ʥͻƴӦò̫ãպΪʱͻƴ׼
ûзŹͨɽÿϸڣģڼʱڣͻʥ̤ɡ
ͨһһѪ⻹ʥϢˣϢǴ
ϷϢҲͨóѪʬɣҪ
ô಻ԴͨҲܡ
ͨüʱ䣬ͻƳɹ
ɣ
쿪ʼͨͳΪһɣڴ󲿷֮УɶǾԺģǳ֮Ȩ
ˣһɱ㣬꣬¾ʹ̤ɡʥ˿̳ɾʹɣ
ոͻƴɣʥӵд֮ͨǶɽٴһͨǰ
ֹ񣺡µ׷ҲǴɶѣȴƻʵ֣κδɣüУӵдɾ磬ͻƴɣ׷ʵԸһж˸컯Ⱳӻ׷ߵ󣡡
ⲻйأ컯Ѫħ󹦷ҹ̿ճɾͣҲֻ㣬Ժ㻹ǿ󣡡ֻǵһЦ
ÿ˶ԼĻԵѡ
ͨһδɴȴҲⱲЩѡԼȥδȻ޷ȥƿء
һص֮У¼ӳ֮ͨģƷʯó󷨡
ʥ۷壬߶̫Ҫɴɾָ״̬ͻһ磡
ڷաӿѾʱͻһ磬оѪûдﵽ״̬ɴʬ
ͨںħסǰѪӤ
ɿɴʬ壬ҲƬóϵñԴںϡ
ɽ˫ֺ룬Ϣںϣһںϳಭ׽
ţħȦһħΧħɷγһͷɶţͷ֡
ɿƬ⣬ǵ۽׷˵ոȡĻͼЩʩչҲԺɨٴ󲿷ǿߣͬʱִ͸΢΢ϢҲʱʱ̿ں
ڱҩЩǶڣҩҩںϸ죬ԴҴʱԣҩôҪ̫ࡣ
ͨͻƴ֮淢󷨴󲿷ֻһ֣ͷŸӦŷһ֮͸󷨣һգϢһȻ
֮Ҳ̫̤֮ɲܸӦʼԽ֮ͨԴЧ̤ɾ磬ɾҪͬʱʼ֮
һ˿˿̫֮Ҳ֮ͨһֳζͷš
ҵþ̤ɣ֮Ĳ
עѪ𣬴ʱ֮ѪڷգֻصǰѪ״̬
ͣ
죬֮е棬˫Ȼƿͷ̶ȫҲ˲䱬
һͨž飬ѪѪ֮Ҳը濴ȥѪǿһǱ
֮һƶһˣȫ¶ʧȥӦһ߳ɶ顣


1912 ʥ
֮ŽȥһѪѳɵѪˣաΧѪڷգѪһữΪͻһֻΪһѪΧ
ѪѪںϵһȻո¸߶ȣô߶ѪϢ֮бͷųѪ
Ͻһ걦ҩϴѪ鵤ѪǡѪϡѪ⡢ڷŽ֮ܣúٴθоǿϢһɲǣоرøΪɾ俴ͨ׿ƯϷһ˿˿ǹһ̫֮
ʥ죡
ԭڲ֮ǰز֮Уõʬ塢ԴͿͻ졣
ʱ˲ֻˣڲ۾һʯӡޱ£ɽʯӡƸɫͷһ˿˿Ϣںϡ
زѪѪҲһЩһ۸ѪݷһֻѪѪǾȴűѡ
֮УͨԪָֻհ״̬ĵںϣҲ֮ϣһǿ󣬿ʯʱʯ׻ûһ仯
ͻʥ죬ֻһʼصõôԴͻһӦò˶ã
ͻƽ
Ҳע⿴Ҷ뷨ںϣҲڴɴѪʵҲʱʱ̿
̣
ͨû뵽һͷŴħƣ֮ǰնɱħǿߣӶԷģΪͨб̺ѪԿЩħƺǼ򵥡
ֻѪӤҲΧɴʬ壬ǾֻѪӤǿ̶Ҳ溧ȻҲǴ۷ʵִͨ߶ħڲʬ壬һſŴѪɡ
Ѫ֮лںϱҩԼЩǿ֮УȡĸֲһѪҩƻҪʱͨΪȻǴһ죬ʵҲд¡
ЩħƲϴƤһ˿˿ѪͨѪͿֲ˼£ѪѾдǿߡ
öɲ
Ϊﵽʥ߶ȣűըʼѪþͻΪһƬѪ
ĴѪɣʼѪħ컯ӡǡСǧ汾־ǧʱ
ڣ
ɫöɲѪ룬û뵽һ֣һ˿˿ףѪգƣӵȻȫϷա
ϧֻһ˿˿ںϻһ˿˿Ѫյ̶ֳȣԺҿҲʱʱ̴̿ڷ״̬
״̬̫һӣʵԿֲӱٶ
־ǧʱһӣʼķڷ档
ȾѪ֮е㣬ŰɫѪ֮ӿٶȻûб仯
ԪʯףͷŸӦ͸ȥʯҲ޷ںϣʲô
ӡںϵΪͼ֮ڿӡڲһ˿˿
ɽ仯ҲҲд壬ƸĿǰΨһܼԦںϵķͻʥ죬ƺ«ںҲ̫ԡ
ʯţǴɽһǣںںƸ΢΢һЩںҪһЩ
սҲΡȻײô߶ںϣʵʱʱ̿Ѫ֮ںϣ
ֲ鿴Ѫ֮սףĿǰƸ⣬һԴ߶ҿɱĵ̷
С񣡡
뷨ںãȥ
һץСˡ
֮УüƵòʩչС񣬺Ǵˣ
СУһʤ
ȴǿЦҡҡͷԺɽǴǸնֱ۵ѪˣС񿹺⣬ֻܴ߶СһȴҲҵõС״ʿС񿹺Ĵڣ
ǸѪءǿ󣬺ܲ򵥣Ǵ֮Ҿ;Сܾʩչǿߣ߶СôҲ̫󣬳Σգܴ߶
ԭ뵽ɽ׹ԨǸذ׹ǿߡ
뵽һĻȻĶǣС񣬲ɽҪӳܣƸԷҲƺ«³һӱ档
ˣ
ʼںС
С񿴲󷨣ڲ󷨣ڲռһƬǹڰͬ侲ǿգΪûд߶󷨣ںһӣоС߶ڱ仯Ϊ߶ǰ࣬ͬն
˫ͫȻˣҵһСںϣҿǿ־֮ЩˡѪˡɱǰֻǾǿǰڻЩˣΪڷǸѪǿƣ죬Ҳͨаɰ׹Ǹ


1913 ͼ
Ѫˣ
ڷ磬ɴӴӡǣӴڷҲǸѪˣϵһ
ɽ׹ԨǸѪˣһҲһáѪǣСǿʶ֮УЩǿƺƣòѵҲһ岻ɣ
뵽һѪˡ
ͻͻȻԾüͷĽһ׹Ԩĸо
ѪˣһɽһٻСڲǿǰЩɱ棬ҲѪˣһĪǶϵ
ɽ֮УһӴ壿
ãһжһգڼʶΪ޷⿪ġ
꣡
һը
ԭɿͻˣһɫëͷԣɼӰ졣
ͨҲɿͻƶȸʵĲҥһЩѪٿ棺ˣҴǿߴ仹ҵһЩ˲ιȱҩںϣЩ˲ιó
ԴҲ٣ôһЩԴҽһЩԴ㣬ϾһЩƷƷʯ鵤
֮ãջˣԴ̫ˣǴ󲿷ֶĿǰòϵĴڡ
ڣ綼ͨȥ
桢СţֶڽͻƣбҩдѪԼΧʯ̳ԴǴҲţҲݳޡ
ˣҪͻƴɶˣ
úͨһҪĸо
Ҫͻˣ
һͻƣͶ뿪ΪͨػţͬʱҲڼ־Ѫڵز֮ȭ
ͫꡭ
ػ⣬滺ؿʼӡһעΧһע˫֮ͫС
û뵽һϣǺɫģͻȻһѪ˿Щ겻ϰͫ˫۵ջ
κһѪ˿ͫط·ߣһЩѪ˿˫ͫӵʽͨѪ˿ʩչ
滹ǵøտʼͫҪ˫֮Уϸ΢ͨǼܵ飬ͫط߿ҲȻ
Уͫоջ񣬵Сɻࡣ
ȭջˣѾһʽյ߰˰ˣҪݡںһʩչͬʱҲĥڶС
ӡҲһشͨغԶѪУҲױ֪˻ѪС
ѪԽֲգһжǳɫĹϵԣӦýҪ˵ܴ֮Уһ𣡡

붼顣
ֻһ뷨𶼲򵥣ֻȥɿ󣬵ɿҲ޷˵
ֻ
˵ֻ̺֮ĹʵȻ𣬵ǿңǿ߶ԣʮϵҲ޷һϵֻǿϵͨϵͨһԴˣʿҪǿҪҲҪɸԴһġ
ͷһʺţ޷ӻϵ֮Уõ𣿡
ǡ෴˵ǿߣʵ޷ĴڣڻϵǶЧ̫󣬵㲻ͬûΪԼ㻹ֻһʥϵķ涼ԽٱԶߣϵģʴˣ㻹кܴܴӻϵ֮Уһ𡣡
һҲ˵漸һǴ
˵ʵҲδߣ˵ᵽǿߣǳԽɵĴڣǰҲ޷Ծһɽ
ȻˣǽҾȫںϻϵѪ𣬴ǿ
֮һʼ߶ϵԻǻͷų΢΢ԣȴѪա
һºͨ˳̤ʥ졣
ص󷨣ּСոͻƽԱɿΪˡ
ϴ󣡡
ҲͻˣʵλɣСǰ£ϴ㿴ͼ
Ŷ
ͼƺһΪԵʣ֮ǰޱȵͼ
Сͷһʶ˲䴩ɲǼ䣬СϷ
ӲӵģһԲ֮ͬдԣҲһ˿˿ʶов
ǿڱõôһƯ֮УͷźԣСȫںϣۣ֮Լ֮ⶼǱ󲿷ͷš
СʶͿһŰ׽ɫͼƯ룬СԴڲ
ͼδоǰֲԽͼͼΧγһֻɫһϡ
ϴֻ۱һ
СģͼǰſϣȻϰֻ۾ÿһֻ۾һɫߡ


1914 öɲ
ͼ۱츳ͨɣҲ۱Ѫ࣬ͼھ۱Ѫں϶ɵķ
С˷ܽһɶ޷ںϣֻǵõͼϿɰˣҲ޷߶ͼͼʶᱣңû˿ɱңΪͼ˿ɺ
Ϊ֮̾ΪֹѾоǿ󣺡ȷ챦ͼ˽٣
˽٣ֻǵõϿɣ޷ʼںϣΪʵں
йͼȻᱻںϣҺͼ˵ˣҲҵ
һֱ鿴ͼ˺ü죬ʶŻع鱾
ͨôҥȥţٴʩչöɲʼʥ졣
Ϊõ𣬼Ѫһ־Ҳںϻϵ棬ǶܸܵѪ֮пֲϢ
ɿĽˣŻϵǵõκҪ߼࣬ʯȲϣһֻϵ

öɲѪڷΪѪ𲻶ںϣʼһðѪݡѪ̡
ζȫʵҲڷ
оʵﵽʥ۷֮ʣû뵽ϵͷЩԣ֮ǰ˺ü
꣡
öɲѪͻȻһЩ˻ǣһɿֲԻΪģںѪѪ涼·Ϊ
Ƿ񱬷һ̳ɫ棬ƺҪûڻ棬濪ʼںϣöɲѪڸΪˣγѪɫƯѪϷ
ѵ
漱æ߶ѪȻѪ֮УĴѪԱߣȻһ
Ѫϻ涼ϵһġ
̫ˣû뵽֮£Ȼںϻϵ֮Уճ𣬷ַɱ䣬ʱʼͲöɲöɲ
öɲɱ֮ӵеĿֲ츳
߶־Լ컯ѪΪʮɣ潫ϵ߷£ͷŸԻ棬öɲѪﵽʮɣպӵа׾ˡ
ΪѪ
һ̷·Ϊͨһħʿɲħһ
ԽһʬѪ֮Уû뵽öɲֱ飬ȻѪ
һʬ壬Ѫˣ
ˡͨǶסˡ
ֿѪ󷨸һЩʯȥöɲѪһѪɫУ˲串һʯ
꣡
һһɸߣʮʯöɲǰԸ飬һΪʯ۱Ѫûˡ
ɿɵŰѪϴöɲʩչܻɱͨɣ
ͨľͷҲ̲ס̬̾ǹɽܱȣ
㣡
Ѫ֮Уʯ飬ִ߶öɲ˲ѪΪһֻѪɫ㡣
˼绯ΪѪ
ԼѪΪһֻѪɫ㣬ҲΪ𺳣뵽ĳͨ˲һ˫˫Ŀ£ֿʼ룬һΪΪֻ޴ڰհβ͡
ಣ
һֻͻȻγ綾߷ٶ̫ˡ
ʣһֱ㣬һǰʯ룬ڴ󲿷ҲԽ
ŵò⡢⻹ˣǹﰡ
ϴ󱾾ǹǹҲὫѹţһ˫ţ۾Ѫɫӣ̫ײС
öɲΪѪǰ㣬ǰʩչٶȡںһ𣬴Ѫ
û뵽һܸѪ˾ɱ䣬öɲ֮ǰ̫ࡣ
ǳ㣬ãҪջϵöɲͨںϡ
ϵѪȼţʱԻ֮ǰһˣһɱ䣬ȴҲֻаٷ֮һ֮УںϣԺ󲻶ںϣͻøΪԵ
֮г⣬յ꣬ؾγɵȱҩΪ棬ֻҪһ˿˿Ϳõɡɡɡɡʥɴ
ͣ
ֹȥһ꣬öɲγɣմɱ䣬Ҳɱﵽ۷壬Ҫͻˡ
ѪڱѪɫ׻
öɲ˲仯Ϊ汾һӣϽաӿž顣
ʥоһһ˲ˣѪѽŪüΪǱʹ࣬𽥱ѹʮ˲Ԩһδǿһδγ
һЩѪɫŽӿΧΪѪѪ򽡢ѪԭӡǣõھӵһЩԣӡѪʯɫԹѲͨ־ӡԡ


1915 ʥ
ӭʥ壬Դжɶ١
ʥ죬ͷŸӦΧյأҲܸӦʮ󲿷ֶѪʱʱ̿ɫԵʣΪš
̤һݡ
ͻ֮УٴʩչöɲѪûб仯ǳɫͷԣֶ˲١
Ȼž粻ںҲʱ̷仯
ʬ塢鵤Ѫҩ֮ԴѪ֮УԱöɲΪ״̬ɡ
ҲͻƣͨҲڳ졣
Ѫͨ汾˼뷨ںϣϧںϣҲֻƸ仯Լûб仯
ʥΪȭͫΪ򵥣ȫѪСӡҲһδУɱΪöɲѪԱǰΪӡǿ
ȹںϵһ߶ȣҪɹ̫潣ţʱ˵ǶʮʱպãŴ뿪ء
ʬҵҸطʵŵԣᣬ̫潣ţͰչ˼ϴնɱħǿʬ壬󡭡
󣬾Ϳ쿿ǧɽ
һֱûʬ壬ҸطᣬϧʱȽϽҲƻҪЩʲô
̫潣֮󣬻Ҫħǿʬ󣬳⣬Ҫ취Ϊߡ
ߣ
·棡
ʬ壬˳ȥ취붷ߣ񣬳Ϊ߾ܲμ·棬Ǹҿжţ˵Ҳ£ȻҪһ£ȡεõʥӲлᣬϹٸ
ãٴοǰѾǧɽ
һʱɹӳ
ǰõƴ߶磬ʮѲߵӷֽжӽһܶ
ЩӶͨɡɣֻһŮӣһɨˣ鿴ոմ߶ơ
ãһһ䳰ȷŮʵǼ۵ӣ
ԣͨе㲻ˬ
ŮһȻ۵ӣǸ˭֪ͨڵǹһˣƻȫ̫潣ţüϸ룡
Ǹӣ̶еơ
Ǽ˲δͷϢȻʮӼۣӲС
ȻͨɲͷͻȻһɴƺ嫱ֻһ˲䣬ͼʮӣͬʱѪǽŮҲֲ̱ͨ
Ȼ򣺡ɡ̵ӣ
ͨЦͷħۿ˵ͣΪ۵ӣͨӲɣ
Ӵˣ
ŮӸϽͨ
ͨȴһףҿܲ£¿ͷҾ㣬ȻҾ㳢
Ҹ£Ůһͻðɣòѹסŭ𣺡еŮӿͷ˽ɵӣǵ̵ӣҪͷҲܲ滹е̵ӣгϣ
ಣ
ֳּӰΪǳᣬ߻̶
ʦ㣡еӼæӭӡ
桢ͨû
ͻȻǽŮӺȵԺҪסǼλŵλ̵һٵѣǿӵڹ潫ȳͽ䣡
ǣǣŵŮӿҪû뵽Ů̵ӣȻҲΪе˵
߳ԳᱧȭʦˣǲںЩֻǲֳ֪Խص
ȻʦΪ飬ξĹǣ
תͷ桢ͨ
һȺŮӣڵϲ֪롣
صͨһȥе£ʦ㣬鷳ȥʦ˵ʱŶԸ̫潣ţ
ϴأɹɱ̫潣Ŵ֣̫潣ȻһЩ̫潣ӻأѾٻӣ͵ɱȥŸ߲һδξۻᣬҲо¡ǲŴյػȺϢһ㣡ˣҲһδμ֤Ҳˡ
浹ǸһЩô̶ҲȥǰʶЩӣǵ塣
̶þöţٶˣɣȻɳԽ̵ֵӵĸ߶ȡ
ص̤ʵûöɲͬɹҲɹ߲֪ҲδôóС
¹ȥһˣɡ
㶼ͻʥˣҲͻƴɣ
һ˲䣬Ϳ桢ͨΪʵԾ
Ҳһʧȥƽ⣬ɶһִƺÿһʱ棬ͷΪͻͽ
ΪҲĬˡ
þɲԼƵ̵ӣʧ˷ִ磺ԽǿǾСʧ̫潣ţǿ׼ãʮ֮׼̫潣֣


1916 ǧɽ̫潣
ʮ֮󣿡
ô̫潣ҲǵⷽκʿԣǶ޵дɡ
ôû׼ãɼЩԾһ䡣
ҡҡͷ˵û׼ãͻȻед뵱ɹ̫潣ʱоɹУΪȡ˫ٴɱ̫潣ɱ󲿷ָ䣬һʱ̫潣ҲЩѶȡ
̫潣̶̫潣ϢƬгǳء֮ƲϵɹǸʾԶɹΪΪ룬ҲҪ̫潣š
ҵ׼ãھͿɶ
Ǿͺã⽻ܸϻ֮ãо޴ջ񣬹ȷ۹Ƶ̵ӣԿʵ˼ǿжɹƻС
ˣ
һɲǣжԽ
ɴųվ׼뿪֮ʣζҲҪֵģκжչҪһʱңתϡ̫潣ŵδɱǷÿԼҪɹƣ˵ˣǾͶɱ
ҵȻ£ɣص׼һӣ뿪ɹ硣
ǧɽ
ǰո¹桢Сɿţ̤ɹִʱ̫С΢ǧɽǶԣһ޴
ת˲һ죬ٴ̤ǧɽоⷽɽֻһͨˣһЩвҩͨˣ޷ӹӦ
̫潣Ž絹Ҳӣ綼ǳԽͨɣӦƴָ߶ȣɹɱ󲿷ֵԻƬ磡
ѾȺɽ̫潣ŵǰ߲̫潣ŵɹ࣬ɲ󷨸ǡ
̫潣ŲǽɣŰԵɹػܵһش
ͨ°ͣǽ󣬺һ¯Ӷڴ֮УֵˣȻǿжǾʹ󷽷ɱȥʵϷ̫潣ܣɱһ⣬ǸܣҲ۷ʵ
תңǾģ̫潣ŵӷжɱ٣еӽ͸һ·
ţĦȭƣǿԻԵˣ
󷨣С̫潣ŵ󣬴Ҳæȥ
̫潣ŵ֮⣬ֻмʮڰѲߣǰǸ޷֡
꣡
Сʩչɽһͽﵽ۷磬̳һӣһΧ̫潣ŵӸӦ쳣ʱѶ֮УǼ߶ƣŸߺϮ
̫潣š
תۣԽļˣվһɽϣǰһɽɽȡֱܼལ֮ԼԼͷţ֮дϢ
Ϯ
ǰʱ̫潣ŵӣ弸Χɱ
ЩӣΪɵɣɵʥ˿мɸ֣Ҳֻʵͨ
ͨҪĿǶԸ̫潣ЩϼΪԳԽ֮ϣѹֿΪܣ
Щ˶ǰģ
䣡
ħɷúžž졣
գۼ䣬Ա߳һɽɲǴɽţֱ𣬰ħɷɫڷա
̫潣ųٵӣǧͣǧ׿ţ֣һѾˡ
ಣ
ţͻȻͻȻֶ˺ɨȥһͨ𿪣ֶָʱһץסץϰٵӣ˴󲿷ˣŵˣͽϰٵ븹С
ɱɱɱ
ʣЩ̫潣ŵѾû뷨ЩɵӺΧˣʩչͬӡϷɽɱɽɱͬʱҲԽǧ׿ֲƣţֱҪһȦ
Сһ
ɽɱţٴιһؿڼŵأٵҲΪˡ
䣡
ȭͷһֱûн롣
һ̽ţ־ɱһ𣬿ϧڶϢţȭͷͽһڲɽɲʧȥƣǱɣǱ
󷽶̫潣ŵһЩʥˣҲٴγ֡
ɱ
Ҳʮţѹٵ֮ǰȻ̫潣ŵӣǴӸһɽ֮з
ӿɲţ͵Ծȥǧ⣬֮ǰ̫潣ŵӣӶһ˫֣ץץȥץס̫潣ŵӣֱ븹С
ˣ
桢СҲţַȥ
桢ͨɲԽţԾٶǧϷĿǼ壬¸ʮҲܸӦкЩϢ
ˣ㣡ɿ˶


1917 
䣡
һɫɽ䲻·׹ȥǧ̫潣ŵ֮У˱ԭͷű屻ţֻҪһ̫潣ŵغ
һ̿ʼ̫潣ŵӶ֪ɱ
ϢһϢԽٴӵȥԸ֣Щ֮дѲ٣ϴʱмɱΪ׳ۣǶֻˡ
ʹ忪ʼ
Ϣ̫潣
ȻΧͨ󷨸룬󷨱ΧҪһС
ɿͻȻҧȥһҧͽԽɸ߶ȴ󣬸ҧƳһӣ˲һǰ
о壬ÿһ嶼еӼӰȻ̫潣Ÿ߲㶼ӦϮ
ڲԽ֮䣬ǰһƬӲӵĹ·ǧھۼһЩƵ̵ټӡ
һ桢ͨɿ˲סĿ⡣
⹬֮ϢɣϢ̫ǿ
ɿ˵ˣ⹬ԽɵĴڣɾκɽ磬ѾһǿߣԽһСǳأƴɿԴеȹģǳأԽɵĴڣǡɡ
ɣڴ֮ϡ
Զʱڣ˳֮ΪɣԽɵĴڣȻȴࡣ
ָ߶ǿߣȻӴ٣ɹϾɣ̫ӡСغסȻɣǸŽأӦҲɡ
ˡֹšֳ˾ǵȻҲɣǷǳɣǶһİ
̫潣ȻһҲеģҲϼĴڡ
ɿ񣺡ˣȻأӴɣҲɼľͷй棬Ǵδǿʵ棬ʵԣϰٴҲһһɶ֣Щλɣʸһ̫潣ӦҲһɣһΪڰ졢۷ɣ
û뵽ɹеҲȻֵ
Ȼ䣬һɭȻŭ·
ˣ
һͼͻȻɳߣһۣ䶼Ѯ£˲ǰϢޣƬûһ˿
ɿ󰵰ظ洫ˣΪ̫һǸո̤ɣһ죬һǶ죬λɣʵҲԽ۷̫౶
ߣΪֻΪͨһ졢죬桢ͨвѾݡ
֮ǰǿԻɱ̫潣ɲǿʵǳ̫潣ˣ͵Ϯ֣ܵʵȥɱ̫潣Ȼûһ˿ܡ
Ҵҵ
·ǧǿߣ󲿷ֶǽɣһǴɣһҲλģŰΧ
ƿؾ棬һ̣Ǵʵԣ⴦塣
ˣͽͨôΧ£źĿ⣬ֻɣһŲС
ΧмΪﵽ졢ƴɣִɣͨԣȷв
߶ǴϣȻݲüСţм֣Χǿߣɱ
ɱң˲ʸ˵
ಣ
̫潣ŵӸû뵽ͨԳϡ

һʵ΢΢ЩĴϣһŭһɶϣҲǰ
߷ּ䣬ΧֲͷŶΪƾˮһ͡
ɱͨһץһɽ֣֮ұֲͨϯ

˿ֲͨȻǶ֣ٲҲԴɶ죬ʵԿһ졣
ڽɱͨͷ飬̫潣ųЦ֪ͨС֮ʡ
һӰͨԱ֣֮߳һն
䣡
߹䲻ͬʱ׽̳һȻߡ
ܣ⽣ǡߴƿؽƣ˱Ϳա
ȫ֣һ֮Ҫͷų֮ɱĵնɱеģһ̸޷֣Ҳ޷ܣֻɱĽ
ƺʲô϶Ǽ
ۣ
һڱ׼䷢ѪŹ󱳣̼䣬ʧȥƣѪع¡
ϡ
ΧǧӶ𺳣ųϣȻһնɱ
ܣ
һϣûг־ͬ飬ǿͨ߳ˡ
ߺ
ԭӰͨɱһˣǱͨƣΪ̫ܵ潣
̫潣ɰ´ʱΪܣʵֻǰʮ֮һҲӵʵʵɱһһͷȻⲻ̫

ǡ
ǧſͨԱ߳ˣܶ˶һʱ¡
麹ͷ侲Ѿ䣬˿ʬˣ


1918 ͨ
ͨŸֶЦٺ٣ոջ˵Ҫɱңأһϣһɱ
ϴʱѾ֮ǰǰСѹŭ𣺡䣬ΪβϢ
ֲʲôˣҶԣһܣʲôʲô
ͨЦһȻɹ֮н̫潣ŵӣܽɲɹΪУǾͶɱ̫֮潣ŻԶʧǧɽ

Ȼеӣûһ£ΪͨⷬÿӶ޲ý̫潣ȳ
ಣ
ַһƬƬӰ
ɿ̫潣ŸྫӢˣеģһʮɡ
ӢӣȻԽɡʥΪ
ʮɣ
ˣ̫潣ŵ̹ȻˣǰأѾһ־ͷӦԪˣȻ̫潣Żʮɡ
ɼǳءɢ޵ȷͬ
ɿֵҸӦˣ̫潣ŴʱʮɣΪһ쵽죬ϢΪʱ죬ʵǰǶʮǾͷöԸ̫潣ܣĿǰʵҲȲɣ
ͨҲ֪ЩͻȻһЦЩ̫潣ɱͻȻ̫潣ǰǸɴϡ

ϼæܣɲһ֡
ǲģ̫潣ԷһӦеʶҲӤħ̥󷨿ơ
һ̣֮ͨǰնɱǰʬģٺ٣¿ɾͶһɾͷʬ壬ҲƿܣôЩ
һɣƿܵĻͶһǿߡ
ɱ
Χǧǿߴűߡŭһͬɱɽɱ
ҶԸǣ
ͨͷųʵڴ۷壬˲ٺöʵܱȵһһ죬ǳһ˳ǿֲɱΧɽ
أ
ǾֻѪӤͨΧ֣ͨץǰͷħɷƵ˲䣬ֻѪӤ˷Ѫ
Ҫ֪ЩѪӤǿƵģͨУѪӤʵ࣬ѪֲͨͨմȾϣҲɥ
ɲǼ䣬ͨһֶΣѾɱΧٽһЩ̫潣ŵӿʼնɱ
ֻǰǧӢɱʮɾͷ죬桢ͨҲһѪս
ǼΪߣʵҲ̫ˣһӵвֶΡٲᶪС
ˣԸɼ֣̫ͨ潣׷ɱĶӵĴϡ
У
ֿɿ󣺡ڰ֣͵ϮͨƬдǣ
˷ıǣҵٶȣҲռôƬޱȷпҲһɿֺǺǵʩչٶȣʧΧ֮С
Ȼ˶ڣһܳԵǣҾ͸Ǳȱȣ˭˸࣡
ǴѪ֮С
ɲչ˫֣ӡ֮УȻɳһ㣬߲ԪԵһѪɲǣγǧ֮ࡣ
˳ǶԼʶһ㣬ſֲƣٶɲΧЩ̫潣ŵӡ
ʥΪʵﵽɸ߶ȣôһѪҲдǰ̫潣ŵӾ
һ̣ͷǧ㣡
Χȥ̫潣ǧӣѾһ֧ԮĵӣΧɱһƬѪɫħɷ
˶ڣû뵽ͻȻһƴС֣ٵǣſЩҧסȻվ
Ǻ¡һѪײһʿϣЩͨɡʥӣ˲䱻ײѪΪһƬ⣬ѪҲŹſһͨ
أ
ֻдϵӣ÷סѪ
ϧ̫潣ЩӢӣ󲿷ֶǽɡʥֻһ֣Դ󲿷ֵӶѪѹơ

һЩѪɱһˣһʹΧصڣһӾڡ
ͷȥԸ󲿷̫潣ͨӡ
ôӾϧʱСȷӡƸԺУֽѪƸ

䣡
û뵽ԶһնüѪ飬ʱͱը
һѪӤͨͷŵľ綾һˣȻһɣҲ̫潣ųϡ
곤ŭɶгһڻʽ׷ɽɹʱôеӣ
浭ͷϢ̫潣ԼڰħᣬȻˣҲǻᱻ𣡡
ˣҲһһɣʵԽʮǽԸĳɿڰ
ӦԷϢǽȷأЩšͷࡣ
ɾͷޣʵʵǰ


1919 öɲ
Ӧɣ͵ϮҲһе֣ҪɱһЩһסƬ̣ٳһնɱ
һʥʿֶͨΣͷͨɱŵӣ
˾Ȼͷ򸽽һץ
һѪץУţȻҲϢʵ̫ǿ󣬽ѹС

ɣ޵òѪǵһμˣѪƿء
䣡ָһѹѪ˲顣
ಣ
Ӷɽһһɱ
꣡
ӡһ߲׵Ϸ֣ͷɱһ߲׵
һʥʩչ˲ϵͨСӣǸͬЩӣ첻ɱ㣬Ժɱңһ׻ͻȻɱɽ
ڶ߲׻չһ̣Ǽ߲׻ɱ˺ܿɽһһ顣

һ̣ȫͷ߲ԪϵͨԸǿߣ˵ǶԸֻܲסԷˣһʱɱǰ
ǿҲиԸϵͬʱһ˼Ҫɱͷ󻼡
һͻȻϢɱֱһɺ󷽲ͷƤƷ

ɣ˲תͬʱɱɽӣԾԹѹƽɫâ
âѹƣһɫй⣬ΪͻȻɱ˵мɱ⣬ͻȻһסˣɫй⾹Ȼɱǰɽһ
ûʱ亰һ֣ɫйʹüԴʱг룬ԪͨԪһ˲飬Ϊ
٣һڻʽɽһΪΣʵֻд۷壬֣ٶԼﰡ
ɿӽâǱģҲһ߶೤
ɫƬʬģһʬ壬ȫƿܣΣͷڲȱԴƿܿԸǿУΪʺϡ
ȥ֧Ԯͨڴ󲿷ɣעϣõʬ壬ӦΧɿݳȥ
Χһ⣬Ѫ̫潣ŽɡʥԼһִɣǧ̫潣žӢΧⷽɽ߿ա
ͨͷѪƾֻѪӤһ̫ܿ潣оֻѪӤҪԸüɹҲǲܵġ

һֻֻѪɴԱͻصڣִͷŸѪ
ʰˣ
ѪǼλɷǺ󷽻жʮɡʥһɱ
濴Щˣٶȵɱ汻ס֮ʣЩɽΧ룬ɽʥƷʲɽ
ݣɽΧɱ
ʵԸλɵǿԣԸλȴЩѶȡöɲ
ʥΪʵֻдɶ죬ϲֶζԸλɵû⣬Ըλɾˡ
Ǵ߶ƸСôնɱƴҲС˼ЩرʹãǿǶǵ̡
ۣ
Χһɱ档
Ҳ˲䣬ͻȻѪΪһƬѪ
öɲ
ҵһʩչԸˣɲҪʧѪ֮бѪ壬ᱻпը顣
ƻѪֻǶԸѪˣԣѪԽһС
Ǻεȹ
ʮ̫潣ŵӣΪϻ֮Ѿնɱ
ڣ֮󣬲ǻΪ飬ǻΪһƬѪ˭ľ
У
һ̣Ѫ֮зɳһĨĨѪ
Ѫ˲ϢΪ㣬ϰֻѪɫ㣬ֻںϻΪѪɫУΧЩˡ
ৣ
ѪҲһ̣߶ӡΪѪɫУѪ֡
̫潣ǿߴ߶ɽԸѪɫУ汾޴У̫潣ŵӸǶ
𣡡
ݣ
ŵüɽɽ̿¾˽âҲ׼ɱѪɫ֮С
ϧɽɱУͲˣѪɫзκ𵴣ɽɱѪɫУעˮ֮С
Ѫɫһ̽˾УֻѪˮ֮£˲ѪΪⱻɡ
мˣκ̫潣ŵɱɽǴɣѪɫ޷˺ͨѪɫУҲû̫ЧջԼѪɫûܿ顣
ʣһ顣
һѪɫй̫潣ŵӣʮֶöɲԣһ·ɱ
̫潣ŵɱȻöɲŵòᣬǲò
ֻ¡һѪɫбâˣȻѪɫҲδܵشϽ֮ѾԽöɲʵ
һ̣Ѫɫ֮Уϰ˫ֽӡŰһָһֲ߲׵磬߳塢߳ɱ


1920 ֮
߲׵̫ԵˣһͽһܿöɲѪɫйƴ󣬾Ϳ顣
̫潣ŵṥƽѪɫһѪɫ˳ĴڽѪˮǿйЩ߲Ԫ֮С
ѪˮЩ̫潣ŵӣԽƽŵЩֻܣѪɫסǣöɲɡ
Ͳɱ㣡
ͻȻһ̤һ⡣
һƽɵ̵ӣһߣΪﵽɼ£һᣬһĨγɣһΧʮɶǰԵâ·γʮɾ޴ɱѪɫС
ǾͿɾǿߣж󣡡
Ѫɫ֮Уӡ
һͻȻð̤Ѫɫ֮ϣƯ
ȫŹ˲䣬һȭɱҫ۹âȭ
ߣΪʥ죬ֻˣɲȥʥĪȭͷԸѰͳȫ㣡
ɽںϣɱ׽âʮǰ
ȭâһɴ󰵽ɫȭӰȻûнǰ󣬵Ǻһɱн
¡䣬̵˫޷ſ۾
ȭâȻ飬ҽ֮УߣòϺˡ
һӲ࣬סΣޱ𺳿ǰģѪӰҾΪɾͷ֮£һʥУռ˿ˣ
Ҳپʩչȭо泩٣ͨһȻ˾ˣʥΪܵһ۷ǿ߹ƣϧѾҼޣѪɫ֮ϣ̤ѪҲˡ
ûˣֿǱΪԽʮݰ
Ȼڴȳ⣺ʩչӡǣԲʩչȭóܶԸˣ
ܷѽ⣺ôУ
Ӧһɱڰ磬ɱħ塢аħЩаħ֪ߣȻҪ׷ɱ㣬ţ֣֪ߣҲɱȻȡУ
ԭһ㣬ȷЩðʧ濪ʼͷ߲Ԫ赲ɱߡ
̫潣⣡
ĺãոͷŸӦż̫潣Χɱ󣬷ܹɹӣ֪ʱѾ̫潣ŵΧס
̫潣ŵΧһѲߵӣɽ˺ɹӣڲٴϴ£Ƶ̵Ӵ죬Ϊһ
ҲУˣƻָʮͬʱ˲̫潣ŵɱǧԣ·ʯһ˸ҫ
䣡
̫潣ŵȻ̣󷨲Ǳͷźϻ֮һ򶴣ɹһѷɱС
ɹɱ
ֻ֮УѪɫͻȻ̫潣ŵɣҲһƬϻ֮Уը
Ѫɫ˲öɲΪ汾𣬴ʱɫЩ԰ףˣֻǲ̫ء
߿գѾ̫潣ŵɱȥϷһȻâɹɱ̫潣һɽ塢ɽȡ
Χɱ治پӢӣҲȳһ֣֮ǰΧвǧ˰Χͨ󲿷ֶȥԸɹӡ
ţɹ֧ԮʩչɹԸ̫潣ţ
Զд
ಣ
ɿˣһʬ壬û뵽һһʬ壬̫潣Ŵϣһͷ̫潣ŵ֪Ҫڴ˽¡
õʬ壬ʬϱɿֵͨɱһɣˣҲնɱɣ̫潣Żʮ£ɹҪ̫潣ֻʱ⡣
׼֣
Χɱʮʥɣѱ桢ɿֻͨѪӤ̫潣ɱıû취ҲҪ֡
ɿ˲Χɱâɳһ̡
ͶΧɱɿܼ٣ʵˣǲĺأ
滺ıɸԴֵöɲʩչΪѪɽͨɱöɲδӰ죬ǶٽϡѪˣϾöɲʩչѪɫʵҲʹɶ£ʵ̫潣ŴһδιٻЩӰ죬ҪҺָܿ
öɲ棬ɱֱͨӹ˾ȻֻܵһЩӰˣ˺úϢΧЩ̫潣ŵӾͽԸһԵ
Сβһڣֵɿ󱣻棬ʱλʵԸΧɺ
һշӦԶʮӦѾӦ̶ˣɡɱʮϢҲڵ˷
лϢʵһ٣̫潣Ÿǳ⡣


1921 ˮܶ
žˣǰһɽȣԼԼħɷϢƯ
ħɷ
츳ӦȥȻڴԼʮҲ̫潣ŵһɽڣӦһЩħɷϢЩϤ
üͷ뵽һЩ棺̫潣ˮźأɹնɱ󲿷ħʿڰǿߣĪǻħǿ߲̫潣ţ
Щɿķɹȥ
ԽȺɽǰ滷ɽɽȣһ縲ǣнҲӲ츳Ӧ
ϧûκ̫潣ŵѲߣɿӶצһһӡ
ɽ˲䣬һɽΪ޵ħɷ˶Щɽһǰ￴һ濴û⣬ǹħɷϢ
û̫潣ŵӣɿӦ֮һأڹſڡ
Ϊˮȷպˮǿߵ
ˮűһɽӡǱɿݺһӡ֮һɸΪǿҵĺڰϢ
̤һѰûκβֻͬħɷ̫£ûʲôͼһӡ¶ɷӡ͸Ժڰħ²̫ǿңҲ˲ĺ
ɿӦ֮󣺡ˣӡڣӦкǿħҷӡѾﵽ߶ȣһɶ޷Ϸӡ̺ħɷͷҲԻ⣬ҿƬֱǿ
滹֪ʲôƸɷӡˣСΪץƸŷӡֲ籩һƬ˻ǷⲢʼշӡڰħ
֨
û뵽ոշӡħڲж

һѪɫħɷӰӣһӴӷӡ֮УͻȻץѪƳɱ
ѪӤ
ɿٶҲһ߶Ƹ޷ճֶԸֻѪӤɿֱһ

û뵽ѪӤѪƣħɷɿˣ
ֻѪӤﵽɸ߶ȣû뵽ɿ󣬲ֻѪӤ֡
ѪӤʿ޷͸ΪɿһУͷһӵʵѪӤ
滺һںһѪӤطӡôħǿߣҲ򵥣
ߣһâԱߡ
ɿĨĨ죬ûܵˡ
ѪӤȻ˵ˣҺˮκ̫潣ŵӶһ
ˮ
ʾɿȱ֣Ϊ̫潣ŵӣֻܵ˼Ҹ㣬̫潣żʧͶңл·һҿǰӦҲǱˮѹΪѪӤҿԸɣ
˵ˣǰһɢޣ걻ˮ¸ԭħ͵ϮձħˣںˮУԪںѪӤģˮһħ̫ͨ뿪ͻɢȻѪӤе㶯ġ
а취ָɣһԣΨһᣬֱӻӡһҪŷӡΪβԼһ᣿
ˣҲһˣֻǺˮ̫潣ţ̫潣ʱˣûʲôֻ鷨һǺˮͷ˾عԨһħǿߣһǰãˮ룬ͨڰ֮ϽǸħ꣡
˵ϴκˮͨڰ֮ż룬Ͻʮڰһ꣡
֪ģ
ǴǧɽˮʱѨ֮Уɹ͵ϮʱպĿǸһЩǿߣͨӺڰ֮Ͻ磬ԭ˷񣬷
ˮǴ̫潣ţʮӷ²ħ·׼Ժ̫潣ųΪعԨһɽܾݵ㣬ϴǸħȥûٻƺƬ򣡡
Ȼ˶ˣ㻹ʲô˵а취ˮƿأȻɰ쵽ǽȥ
㣡
˫һӣѪӤҲˣصӡ֮УǷӡ֮ϳһŻ
ƸɿŻǰһټǺڰħƯѪȣܶطǶŴѪħʯ⴦һѪɫԨ
ǰüƷʯ̳һǽϣ񣬶һ߸ߣһǺˮһǵӺڰ֮ŴϽīꡣ
·һħƷһ㣬ðһɵѪѪӤ߹ȥһаپʿʬգѪƮͱա
ٿΧѾûʲôණ
ѪӤ˽ܵǺˮǸӺڰʥ꣬ħַѪӳַúˮǸ߸Ϊǿߣ
ɿЩɵֺڰ編ͨǵõַȻȡԺڰ
Ѿİöڰʿ򽻵


1922 ԺڰʥĶ
ڱѪǲˣɿֿ򱦶䲻ħûͨõǿħײڲʬ徫ôҩ
㽫Ѫ봢ӡʱָöȻŹɿա
治֪ˮȥ򣿡ٴοѪӤô˵ʵֻǿϧԪѪӤںϳΪħʿū
ˮ֮ǰһֱƻţҪ̲ⷽСץŮӡСԼʿͨڰ֮żͨʿعԨ׸ڰǿߡ
ѪӤʵμ룬û뵽⣡
Ǹɽ磿ǧɽˮųѨǻ֪š
ǰˮͨ룬ҪعԨǿɽ磬û뵽Ǻʮ֣ⷽɽ磬ҺˮҲ
бʵ
Ҳ֪ˮΪӡǱϹϾ
ӣ
ǸӸɽʱʵǿ󣬵⼸ʮָ֮ʵˣˮǰ߲һУЩǿߣҲȺˮһħһǿߡ
ħһ壿
ħһϹźڰ֮УһɽΪɵ֮һҲħ֮ϴڣһǶϽ磬˵ΪѰħԶǿߣԺˮʧʮ꣬ҾӦȥԶУѰǿߡ
ħ
ֿǽһܴиӦħɷ
ͻȻӡͷһâýӡ
ಣ
һӡֺˮһ֯ƣսס
ͷŷӡ׼ӡڶ񣬵ӡâǷ
䣡
û뵽ǣȻͷһɺڰƣΧӡ飬Ҳ𷭣ɿҲɡ

Ҳ֪ᷨƶôֲǸѪӤոŵþһͱ˹һѪΪѪ
ûˣ
ۣ
֮һѪоһʱۻңѾһ塣
ˣԶɿҲѪģܷգһһѪ
ҡҡλо嶼ѪŶ˺ۣ벻˰ԵȡˮѾСûκβ֮ȡᷨ񣬵ʧȥģ
ɿʼѪָ
Ȼᷨ񣬻ͷһɺϢֻΪһһӷڴ˸Ҵٷ⣬ˣ
ɿٴУһʣϴαˮϽ磬Ǹħһӣ
ƮȻ֪ˮЩϣ¹ȻñټС˷֣ߣ̽Ĩɱ
Ĩɱǣµǽ㷨飬ӳڷʶҲɣ
Բѣһܴģ
ɿ󡭡
оĿ£Ҫ磬ⷨ飬ɿ׼֡
ɿָһЩץƬͻȻһ
䣡
Ҳовٴαһơ
ɺڰȻֲɿҲƬ꽫ڰпȥڰǰ
ݣ
꣡
ƬӺڰϻΪ˷Ƭȫɽڰпֻںڰһۼ
ʶŭޱȣҲ޷ⷨ񣡡
ˣԷһ̫̬ˣҴδ˵зԵֵһҿ̫򵥣ȥһɿѾſƬ
ڲʶȻ˵ʥ幫ӣСģδãҺڰᷢɽ磬ʮڰߣħߣħħɱɽ磬ٴɽ翴ħħһһѹ塣
淴ǵعߡߡźħɽħɱҲѰ·
ѪҺҵķ񣡡Ȼճ֮ǰҪº̡

ɿһԾȥɱƬ
Ҳ޲ɿ󷽶
ûõģ
ڰͷſֲƣƬϣֹɿƽڰ
ɿԼʵʵȲϷڷƳ£ֻڷͣ
ݣ
Ȼһ彣⣬Ƭ󷽴̳ƬڰƵ˲䣬ɽ֣һֲơ
Ϣڲ΢΢㵵
꣡
һҲȫԸɿɽɱڰǰһͷǴɽϷɽһۻǡ
ڰڱն
ȻƿҲһħɷʣ羵һ⻬
ϤħӴ˴ƿ֮У΢΢ŵ赼ŶϹɽ
ƾʶ֪ɽ˿Ҳоħɷ顣


1923 ˮ֮ɽ

ǶӾȻЦԭɽȻһڣˮ֮ɽ֮У˵ˮ֮ӡ֮ɽһУˣʵȥˮ֮磬ȡɽ
һúϤˮ֮磿ɽģ
ȻȻʵȥˮ֮磬ȡɽȻһɽˮ֮һҪ߸ϢСӣǻģллˣɽҲͲǴʱ־棡
䣡
ķһ˲ΪһƬɫʯҡ
ɿ󿿽һֻкڻң亹̫ˣССһʣһħԱҲһͷһƣ󣡡
ɽϧ˼̷ˣ飬ҲԺô
ٿһ⣬֮ǰǸѪӤѾƾ߾ȫҲԱסѪӤ
ɿ鷳󶦸봢䣬кˮ̳Ҳһȡˡ
⴦ħɷͷһƬ𣬽ڲħɷһɶ⣬ܶڲܷţܶħɷΪһ˿˿ʧ
Ϩ𣬴ӹܶҲоһ˿ħɷɿǱ֮Ϸһɽ֮
պҲɽۿ̫潣ŵɹӴӰ˷׷ɱϡţ壬ڼʮһ
κգһϣ
֮ǰɱ̫潣ŶûܵˣɿԲǿߣǷȻܵشҲܵв
оϣΣ治֪ĳطһСģʧȥС
ɴѪһŽһţи߼ҩҲһںϡ
ƻָţʱҲȥɹ
ɹѾȫվ棬ѹ̫潣ţܿķʮգɸ߶ͨըʱʱӿ
桢СţͨʶȻˣûΣգڵѹ̫潣ŵӡ
ɡ񡢳ᡢ̶Ҳϵ֪ɹɳɱ̫潣ţ̫潣עҪ
󣬵桢ɿָһЩΧֻɹӣֻмطбըâգ󲿷սѾɹҲ̫潣š
ͨ桢ţҲϣһɽϢ˺ۣɼһ̶ѡ
ͨҲᣬҲ̫أϢһӣѪͺ˺ܶࡣ
ɿ֮ǰõó˷Ѫͨˣɹƿؾ棬һЩɴûü̫潣ŵؾҲڹǲٳ֣
Դ٣ţɹ̫潣ŻҪһʱ䣬ǾȡãʵҲͻƣ
һ󣬽ɽ帲ǣôͷɹϢܱ⵽ɹӹ
˾ɽ֮ôʯ취̳ʯ̳Ҳ
ѪֵҩҲڲ֮С
֮ͨǰõĵ̥ԪʯطھδԴҶȱԴ
öɲֻǸոγɣҾ̫ͣʵǿʩչöɲֻܿסλɹƣλɹȻ޷ңҲ˵öɲ
ڸͨɣӿһ֮С
ڣһ۾ͱɫͷŵ֮ǰһЩѪա
һЩöɲǿһЩȽںϣöɲһ졣
ͨƺָܿʼʵɿŻָء
濪ʼʥ۷壬žˣɸԴںٶȵõͨԪĵҲ໥գĵӳȫ¡
Щɹ
ʵҲ֮ΪޣԽ󲿷ˣʥͿԿ
ͷŸӦƬ̫潣ŵؼ׸оһЩɹ޵ƯԽԽ࣬ϢҲǿʢʵһЩ
˵ɹ̫潣ŵ֮У滹ֱɣ¡̶ᡢɡϢָо޶ͨȥĳ־
ͣ
һɽͨﱬ
ȴӴɶͻ죬󱣻£ͨ޼ɵɸħԴԼֶ֩롢򶡢ܡȵȣѪⲻѪ
죬ͨʽ̤죬ʵλɣۺֶοԶԸƴɡ
ͬʱţҲͻƣټͷųŲҲ飬ûʿ
СʱϢΪҫۣΪͼԵʣо嶼챻Ϣơ


1924 ʥ
ͷŸӦСһͼĻһƯУһ͸ںϣ綼ǺģӦֻΧ޷ͼ
ͼƸɽӡƸǿʢСͼںϷǳ˳
뿪оƺһѴﵽ۷塣
Ҫͻˣ
𣡡
֪˿̣ޱϤһԶ֮д
ڰ
ˣֵ˷ܵ¡
ڰԪأҲո뿪أһ֮ǰǿᣬƺʮͼ֮һĻͼôδȥͼ
ʵͼѱСȡͼ֮ǰǾ͸Ͻӳأ
ͼԶرСҲ̫Щ
ľںˣ
ľںϴɣľϵľںɣûҹֻںһɣȵһִУľںϣ壬ȵΪǿɿ̫
壿
ܱڰ˳ޣȷ֮иΪ
ȵ۾кͷкһʡ
̫ʱǿ֮һվ۷ĴڣֻõһִУ
ҪãƲ֮Ҫȥ˳ȥ붷ߡ
ҹҪҸطǱޣںľͬȥȥʵһЩȥɣֻͨҪͥҶ׸ӦԷ
Уౣأ
ʶںľ֮󣬷ɱεȾˣʱԼ
ľǰ޴ͨƴʯںѣ׾޴ľҪ²ܼԦ
δҲܲ³ʵҲʵܸһǰ󣬵ܻ鷳
ͣ
һɽͷ䣬γһɹѪ˿
Ҫͻˣ
ͷϢһ˲ž飬ʥ緲ˣ֮£̼һĿģ̶Ѫѡ
Ҫ˺ƬһѪѱΪԵвѪƻпѪ⣬һֹ֮С
ѪѺֳ֣ʱ˿ֻ̣ܿͨԪ񣬶޷ΪΪ޷Ӧ
ֱ֮ſʼ״̬ܣӦҲһָͨԪ·ڹĵ֮ԡ
ˣڽ̫潣ʬΪܣ治ףڽǰԵ
֮ʥ̤죬״̬²٣ͨʹһഫ
ʥ죡
ǿͻһ磬ϽɴѪҲһֱҩоҲһɶƸڷջΪҽ
ͨںϸӦͷħףľ̫潣ɴʬ壬ҺѪû
ͷʶһһͷڣڲѪȻ컯Ϊ״̬·Ѫ⣬ǿͨͷӤħ̥󷨣ԼԪֲʬڣܵһ赲
ǿ־ƣɾͷУӵгԽ޷ֻͨǴɣ޷ԽɣҪӤħ̥󷨡Ԫƿܣʮѡ
֮ǰ̫潣ΪҲһʱ̫潣һ˿ͨʩչӤħ̥̫潣ʶΪ΢֮ʣ̫潣Ҳ̫ܽ潣Ϊܡ
ֻǶһЩʱ䡢ˣʬּУʵ̤ʥ״̬
ͨҲżˣʵ߶ħҲԽʬ룬Ŀǰ޷ɼѪ˴߶طӦǿԵģ
ղŲ鿴ʬ壬ȷǴԺĴڣһȻһȣɾһɽֻһСɽͷ
ǿʩչǧʱöɲӡʬ徫ʥ磬ҪǴɾɾշ޷ܡ
һ̫֮潣Żָκ𵴣ɹŮԼΪ󣬷ֲÿɽ塢ɽѰɹѳɹ̫潣ţ浹û˼ȥЩ
᲻ô֮˴Զ̶뼸ӸϹ
Էɳ󷨣ɭ֮棬ˣ͸һЩѪָȻ̶Ҳзݡ
Ǵɹʼ֪ɹҪӣԼ򣬻ʱ佫̫潣ŵƿأԺɹ̶̳ҲҪ
Ѱɹ˵νѡڷ̳Ҳȥɣ֪ϹһҪ׼ȥͥ
֪£ȥɴ⵹ʡˡ
ûϵȥ£ƾʹԪüͷһ뿪գüɡң


1925 Ӹ
浱ȭ
ֱӶ˵̫潣Ÿһ䣬ɹҪһʱϢʱȥ󣡡
ֶס
ķһöƮ棺öɹӣɱкڰʿʬ壬Լʮڰһ󣡡
ڰʿʬ뷨񣬿ӴֶΣӦڰɽ簵пЩʱͨڰһֱʳɽ磬ɹԸһˮžʮѣٶһЩڰǿߴⷽɽ磬ɹҲҪһ·Ҫġһ󽻴󣬾ʹĬĬȥ
Ŀ֮汾ص󷨣ͻȻ뵽һ¡
뿪̫潣ŵԽƬȺɽȻѰһ֮ء
һɽڣƬӦ֮Ȱ˷Ҫһ࣬⴦ɽȴ֮ӦĳֲԴֱ
ѡһɽˮУɽˮ羰ˣʺϿٵﲻΪ
ץһһɶͷգצŵһӣץʯ˲仯Ϊ촷ֱۣһһӡ
£ü춼δȫڻ
Ʒʯ࣬ӲҲܾˣҪһͨƷʯףҪ˴һЩѣ
ûȫڻͱýһӣˮһӣ𽥻ΪһھӨ餡
ಣ
ͷһƹâзɳһߺʬ塣
ԭѾʼãź쳾ڵĺӣһˣһǡ
Ӱ֮Уӣ֮㣬ŴеõڶϵǣȥͼСҲ˳õͼϿɣŵ֮ˣɽɽˮз羰Ҳ㣬ڴ˰ϢҲһ׮¡
ԭûǺԣҪҴõطᡣ
»ǿڵڶ鷨ǣԺӣӣòǣҲȥСܵõͼǼܴӻͼ֮лųٻйء
óЩƷʯԼʯǶΧȻҲʹùĴ䣬ҲУֻµƣпܣҪȥź쳾һˡ
ǼƷʯαǨʯֻԽԶڴػʬϢɣ
ͷһЩʯΪҺ֮ꡢ£ڹϷ½ʯʯһ餾ɡ
һһЩֲΧɾۼͷ͵ؾ£һѹʯͷһͨСĹɽ
ҲֻгΪǿߣվۣ֮ĹôԷȥ
أĳԨ档
ʯûһЩɽʱܼһЩʿڲѰʲô
һŮȴɳһɽޱȾٶȣ⴦ɽ
ȻͷһƳΪʧȴϢȴǧ֮
ԶأŮٶԽԽ죬Ҳ֪Ϊ
ʱ䣬Խǧɽ̫潣ŵ
ˡ
Ů缲˺ѿռ䣬׾Թ϶ܿͳһɽȰգһƳ֮¶ϲ֮ɫͻȻɽ
ʲôҲûУֻһСأǺӰϢ֮ء
ŮƺΪӷĹһСأӰΣɫʢ俴òһһɡ
øСӣ水ҵĻѰһ֮أ
˵ͽҿһ䶯ݵΧɽֶƮƮ֮£裬֬һ˳ǣٹ˹
طѡĲҲ㡭
΢ЦЦ紺£ֶСָһ
һ֮ʯĨȥûһ˿ֻһ罽ɵľӨŮǰ
ŮӸ־֮ɫΪ餣òϼƷʯʯ餿Ȼ£ԶشţһЩɾۼ
ȣ
ָһһй⣬һڹϷ̼пһӡ
һ̺ǳŮǰĮãһץһöʬһɳ
ǰƷʬһұҪɱڵģŮͻȻӨһЦ绪Χʯڻ
ɽͻȻһ磬ȻںϣŮӲ֮󣬾Ȼ餺ʬ£óٺöȻ󲻶ϴڡ
ŮҲӿһЩѪ⣬ԼԼӳʬ֮С
ϧòףϼƶɣԸУ䣬һ컹ˣûбҲ˶ãԪ
ģŮӿʬ塣
ۺӣȻѪ⿪ʼϣ沿ǸðѾѪɫ󣬶Ѫ⻹оĳѪɫڸ˿ڣʬѲ˼ֶ


1926 ǿ
ãŰŮӼΪʬûϢ֮ٿһŲĺӣòŮһģһƤֻЩ԰ףҲһЩͷš
һɲǣӻۣգȻշӹ߳ٽ·С
ҰһԪƶɣʼһӣҵѪ⾫Һú˯
ͷһڹϣٴηٻʯʯͳͳΪҺ壬һڸΪʯ餡
ٸһС³ɽ֮С
ź쳾طź쳾ȷƿһֻҼǵǸСӽ棬߻мֻС棡
£Ȼڳһ˲ιԼһ䲻ҩھϢΪ䡣
ǿ鷨γһֻϢ÷Ϣ·Դһʱʦ󣬾⿪ܣ棬ȻõǣŶһЩܣ
û뵽Ȼʮͼ֮һͼռ䣬֪ǻͼӦȺʦֶȡͼ١
üͷһһ˼÷簲֮⣬û뵽һȴʧˣͼҲӰƴʱǿ߶ѰҵĻͼ
һ޳ۣһԾ𣬺ܿʧƬɽȡ
̫潣ŵ
ֹ꣬ʵʱȥ󣡡
֮վܿͨɿ桢ţִΧۼ
ĥʵһδɱ䣬Ǵʵǽ۷壬ɿСʵȥﵽ۷塣
ɡʹż˷̫潣ţѾɹ̳
뿪̳ͷأ֮öһԡȥҲҲһξĶĥ˭֪أ
ɹ̫潣ţɹ٣׾͸ӦһӰϢ
ˣȥ󣬲ٵͷӬõôɴ䡢ɾͷ䣬ͼȥ󣡡
ýԶ̫潣ţͨʱħɷһ곤
ͥͼ꣬ͨһָ濴ǧɽλͥտ֮ؾأٿ򳤾룬һɽ壬һ
ӵͼӶҪȥһֱߣȷʵɹʮҪңԶǼٶȣǿʮ꣬ȥ
Ҳ꣬СЦ棺ϴû¹㿴󷽲ԶǷڣзȣ㲻¹ǲǸȥ㲻˵޼簢Ħǣпܷɽ𣿡
ڣ
ȣ
ƺǡڡħŽ˷ɹλͥԵȥҪôҪȥ󲿷ִԴٶȵĻֻҪʱ䣬̫ңԶ
Ҹȥȿ˵Ħɽ磬ɽҲ꣡
ȥһطȻǷȣһ²֮ǰ˵Ҫȥ
һ򷲽ڲǿߣӦҲɽٷȡ
˳ȥȣһҪȥ
ԴٶԶǧɽ
;һЩСǳأ̫潣һ˶ûѡϢػͼǶڴ˵ͼһŮӵõ
Ȼͼܿɽ紫û֪Сõͼ
ˣЩԾƺһϢڰпӣ
һ̰иҴ
˺ëӦû˿ɣʱʵ۷壬ˣ˸Ӧǣȴûһ㷢

ոմһƬ֮зɳǰȻǴûɵ󷨡

ٴһƾճһ󷨣壿

üϢӴΧ֣Ҳ̼佫Ǽûɳֶƿء
Ϣ䣬һͲͨʿߣ˶ˡ
ɱ
һ߻˫ͫһƬңľһ֡
䣡
󷨼ˣϿͻȻһӡɱͻȻ˸ϽܣӡͷŸƣ˲û
ҵģ˲öԸ
澹ұ𿪣ۿֻͨܵһʱԪˡ
ҵģ
ͨͻȻһŭХһһƿգΧȻһűӦϢ
ͨɹһɱһæͨǷȥ
䣡
һӡϷɱһһ·һ˫۾ʼնǼһһ
ɶ˺εұɲͷ֮ٶ£ܾӡ
һžӡ𵴣ǡԵ֮ܿһ߲Ͻӡֵǣһңûһ˿ϢЩħɷħǿߡ


1927 ߺ
֣Էһˣ
飬ҷ
˲ӿһ߶Ƹϵ۽׷Ҳӳϡ
һȭɱһָصһ类ָһ˳ɱ󷨣ߡ
ҵؿûһ˿飬Ҳû˵һ֡
һע󷽴Դôͨ÷Ҳ⣬ܿʰ֡
Ҫ·ٲƣʵΪǿһӰ׻ˣд߶Ƹ뷨ںϣʱ̶߳֡
Ȼ߻һԲ
䣡
һɫȦһײ飬һţͷħɷƶħȦǿɱ
ţ֣
ڿһϤףãţħȦǼʵҲܴﵽ۷壬Ҫɾͺѣ
ڣ
ˡţɱȥˣҲҪӿٶȣɽӡһ飡
СΪСŮһȴһӡ׷ɱʮǱдɽ۷ʵɱҲֻǿֵӡ
Ӧ桢ţһЦץɽһͣתͻȻɱһ
ɽǹҲǵ۽׷һɱоӡӡϷһɰ˲ѿȻһӡϷһӡƶɱ
ûꣿҾ͸ú棡СòᣬΪ뿪ͷһҷǳ䣬ΧһЩӡΧڼⲻ
ˣҹȻûв´ܽұʬأͼʧӦǼйأվֻԺǰ磬ϢҲΪƣ
һ̣һŮӣҲ״֮Уž֮ɫź
ӣ
ͻȻһһƺϼС
СɱɽҪ뿪Ҳѣ֪ΪΣӡͬר׷ɱͷŹɽһδܽӡ飬ɡ
ãСҪ뿪ʱһɫָӡȫԸӡӺ󷽵

Сû˿òףûзɫָӡ
ָ󱳣ûκСž飬޷ʩչһ˿һɰ硢纣ϯ֪оǿڱ͵ϮʩչڱԴ
һ̣͸о̶֮Уκ޷ʩչæͼͷ
û뵽飬ǹɿͽʶסӿ飬Ҫӡ顣
Сֻɲ֪ǿҪӡ飬ǹ鲻ãͱһ𿪡
һδɱ飬һδα𿪡
ǻͼȻһֻںϣͼʶᱣ㣡һŮӾ㵵Ԫ·޴ڡ
Сʶع鱾۾ͼǰһƮݺӰ
Ӱ˵òСּʣֻŮӾЩϤ
һСǰһǰͣ£ϰΡȻȵĪҪΪҶ֣ʵֻǻָһ㣬ִҲԶҶ֣ڵ۽׹ҲǲϧںϣͼҲںһɲ޷߷Ҳ㡣
㡢ϢΪЩϤСȻŮϢ֮УһϤĸо
Сƣ׻У˵
ۣ
֮⣡
һֲ̫潣ռһͷ­ն¡
ͨɲǻϣʬһȻʬûһ˿¶ȣѪҲġ
ǿܣˣܣһƺʬɣʬڲͨǳ
ϴ󣡡
桢ɿţֶһʬ֮ǰǿߣڼʱ䣬ͱǴ߶һһնɱ
ɿʬ壬Ѫģûһ
ɿ֮󣬿󣺡ƿܣ˲ÿܲô󣬴ڿһ߶ȡ
ˣСأͻȻо˸ˡ
һǺӰҲҡҡͷȥ֮ѰҺ
ǸոͷҪ״󷨣û뵽һ̣һ޴޻ʧ
ʧϤһ͸ûȼ˸ˣڸӦСϢͬʱָӦһϢ
Ϣޣ桢ͨ˲뵽Ӧþǿܣ͵Ϯǵǿߡ
󲿷ʧȥСǧ⣬һվһŮԱߣ˵Ҳ̫ǿңƽʱȻͬ
Ůӣģͨ׼֣ƺСѾڶԷС
ͻȻסˣǧǸŮӣŮòһ˫ӶҪۿĳ
˲ʶȻʶһ߸úŮʬ壬ʶòǼġ
ͬʱҡͷܣܣ㡢㲻ҡֽˣӣ


1928 ǿ
ӣ
ͨ桢ɿţֻ׼ɱȥСȳȴû뵽ǰŮӣǺӡ

֮УΪǣ
ǰӽ̫潣ŵҲ֪ģΪζ̶һʱ䣬թʬˣӻ˹
󳹵ʧĿ綤ӿȥŮʱһãȻѽ⡣
浱ɣϴǺӣ
Ͼʶ˶ֻʶǸǣǰһѴŮôǺӡ
Ȼǳ϶ҡ
ͨһ֪꣬Ϊվǰ
ҲȻĽľֽ֪ᣬĪǴŮĳֲֶΣ껹ܻ
һ̣ƿغٴС
ҲͶʮ근䣬ʱ˵ҲŮžͷ֮ǼΪôһоҴֻϷַϢҲµĲǸħʿǼǷߣ
ô򾲣ش𣺡Ҳ֪˵ʲôǰԵɺǰѰ˼ǰᣬȥһź쳾ڣѾʵŵԣ֪ǰΪѣ
ڱǰװɵ֮Уңȷңұ𣬼ǰʦȸðսѰҺ÷Χĳ˭뻹иһ죬ңͲұ𺡹ǴҷڻصӦڡ
ǰ˼ҵȽ㱾𺡹Ǵ󣬾ǰֱϢǰ
˼ִڣʮ꣬ȻҪһЩֶΣȻһҲĪϵԱǼΪūԺʵʵΪЧ
ū
Ÿ׺ôģίߣ֣ܲͽСȳ
ȻⷬζţĳֿɲżȻ
ͦȻЦͻȻʧҾ֪һ˵õĪԵһͷ뵽ǣȻԶŴĻͼȻֻСںϣȻС֣ͼУлͼ֣ʮ꣬ӴҺӽõͷϿɣ
氵ϴ󣬹ֲͻȻС֣ԭѾ֪ͼСڣŮϼ޻
ζźΪͼõС͵ڵõͼǲܽСǡʱͨҲԤеƿء
ĬΪɿ󣺡ǰǼӡȸúʵжǿ󣿡
ɿһۣɵǼǰ£Ҳֻ֪ȸʵõȸʵ䡢Ķ࣬࣬ʱȸʵ࣬ͺܺƶϣʵӦñֳ˾ֹšˡ̫潣ҪǿĶࡣ
Ÿұ伸꣬ɷܸʵӦûбָ߶ȣ
ѰԣȱǺӷҲӦʵ
ʵҲǶ֣п̫潣Ĵɿܣ̫潣Ҳһû۷ʵֻҪֻǿԶԸӣŸʵӦòǿ
֡
ͨǶð亹
ӴЦݣü𣬳纬ȴŭһҪҵطչأڸһظǽǷҲø֪ͼ䣬һصź쳾ڣҲ䲻徻
汧ȭӣ˼ǻǷߣӦüٷߣ˾ۣԲκ˳ϣܺƽ¡
ߣ
죬ɽڻ
ӻ֣们䣬·͸궼㡣
꣡
һӡɲǴ桢ϷΪһ˸׵ߡ
ʳָżһ㣬һ裬׵һɶ೤߰
ಣ
̫潣һͨȫ߶̫潣ɱʽɽ
ʽɽݵһɱȥ߳һ죬·𵱿һ춯
ֻɱһ׵磬ʽɽͱ׹ʧȥâɽҲ֮ѹõ
СΪԼǷߣ;ֻǲͨޣӵвʵշЩߣҲɱˣԶﶯ֣һһζ
ۣ
ɽ׵絯̫֮潣һֱͨӱѪĴ׹ɱˡ
ĵ£ӳ֣
ͻȻһԾڹһ̫潣֮ϡ
һŽ̫潣˫Ƴĵ׹ɱ߳߳нȻǿƽпǺм֮֮󣬼󲿷׵顣
ˣһ̫潣δܵ𵴡
һɾܣֶΣԴΪһ۷ǿΪܣֵƺŪ⡣


1929 ͨ
Ҳѹƣ̾ڼϷߣӡڲϱ䡣
һϾĵԪգҲһӳ̫潣ʵػؽ۷߶ȡ
ɣ߶ľˣҿ÷Ĩɱǣ⣡
ǷߣҲ̫ЩΣҲǣ˵ĲʵֻбһɣҲ㹻ʰǣָֻĮȻָ򵥣ȴһ⡣
߳壡
̾ڼϷߣӡ޴һЩ׹⣬ӡƶɱ
𣡡
ͨǶͷƣӳ̫潣ϣ˼̫潣ʵ߷ʽɽնϡ
ټ˫ջ̫潣ƣʱһ㣬ɽɱӡ
ʵǲ׵磬ӡӡͨϵطʿյ׷
߳߳߳
ӡнɽԵɱнƺһ̶ӡȾûΪһƬ磬˫һּͬʱʧȥ

üһȻû뵽ϻܺԼͨ˫ֿʼӡ
绯Ϊ˿Щ˿ںһ𣬾ٲˡ
桢ͨʩչб£ಭ׽پ̫潣߶Ϊ۽Ϲһʱ佫ӡնϣǶӡǰԵĺܣٽƮɢ
ӡһαһΰԵгಭ׽۽׷ռܴӡ޷ѹƳಭ׽̫֮潣ɱɸ߶ȹƣӡÿһζַܼ
ΧǧװգӡΧ·ľһЩɽ嶼ӡ飬һЩɢ䣬׹档
ȿȣ
ʮغϺ󣬺Ӿ԰׿ԣɼ߶ӡô

¶ɱһӣӷ·ƽ죬Ϸһơ
ˣ
ֶڰջΪһߴ󣬲תӿһɰӡ磬Ϊһˡ
նһ̣һǧ״׹ⱬǴ߶ɽٳһ㡣
ԷҲǵ۽ƺһϵɿ꣬һ˫ͫ
ҲǱȫ̫潣һ̷ɳһ⣬һƳಭ׽Ӻ󷽴̳նаߡ
߱һȻı乥򣬳·ʧضȥ

ɫӴӡâߺ󷽻гಭ׽
ǵ۽׷һײû˻ᵣĳಭ׽۽׷ײ˫ԦߴĻ
桢ͨ桢ɿţģһδײӣڷҪһĳ
ۣ
һѪٿͨδѪҲòȥ󷨱һԪԴ𵴡
ɫһ֮δռƣҲǵ۽׷Ʒಭ׽ࡣ
Ҳ˺һԽ䣺һڹû뵽Ǽڷ֮Уܵõüֵ۽ɽɱȣЩ۽׹Ǳ֮
ɴѪҩ֮Ҳڹȫڶ̶ʱ䣬־ӡںϣԴ˻ָ
ֻǵһƳǼ˲ܣδ䵽ҵ컯㻹ʮɸ
ͨҲڰɴѪԼҩϴεõʬ岻٣ҩʲôԴ
һʱ䣬ͨӴʬ崢ڣҳһЩ˲ιҩںһҲһʾԴ
Һ̫潣ֻǿܣǻˣشԳ֣죬ͨҲǳƿ̫潣׼֡
ʵȷֻе۷һ֮ʵδָͨȴʩչ󲿷֣ǿΪǿߣ
ӽ³һߣ޷СٶƯǰɫӡ

ֿʼתδ澹ȻˮȻˮͻȻΪˮԽˮΪǧɫˮ
꣡
ɫˮӿ𣬹֮ʣ忪ʼΪһ˳ɽӸ߿շȻզˡ
꣡
ɽֲѹȥӾȻַտֲ棬Ӵطʯ
κʯǰ֮У˲仯Ϊҽҽڲ׳
ͨǴͨ
·˿ɽѹּڷɳʯһںƿ֮Уǲ֪ͷǿ֮
ɽ
𺳾
ԭԶһɽ壬𣬲һ߿Ƿջ濿£
ΧмɽҲһ棬ҽӣһֺͷܻû׵磬ǴκʣҲҪ
һȻɽ
ɽ
ڷ֮У񻰴˵Щ֮еܰɽܺ绽꣬ɽӣΪЩ˵Ϊʿֻ֮ҪΪǿߣӵͨ


1930 شֶ
Ȼ޵ʥ磬ҲûкشֶΣҪ磬Ҫͨں֮ܡ
ûſڿӣʵֻ۷һɣҲʩչͨϵ۽׷Ϊؾͷ
ҲҲ˲ʩչǧʱԼӰ죬߶˽ӳ̫潣ϣಭ׽ɲͷţ̫潣ƶȥһ⣬նһ޴ɽ
Ҳӳֽȥ
ںȫԸһŽâɽѹһ𣬺ն˺ˡ
˾ϲųಭ׽ǿɱƱɽɽѷ죬ڱ֮ʣ˸Ͻ·
䣡
ҽڻΪһߣ̫Ĺջ߿նȷ籩ڷգɼҽ߶ô¡
ҽûȱɽ飬ХһԶӽӡ͵һȥ
⣬˿ֲͨմӱɽ·ǱӳͨͿһһߣŵú޷Ӧ
ɿ棺ӽǵ۽ӣó󲿷ƷҲǵ۽ͨ߶ȣǾ۽׷Ȳϳಭ׽ƫƫΪߣںϣʴ˵۽׷ʩչ˻ˣóಭ׽ɱ޷Ӧ˴ҽ
ಭ׽ǰԵϧ̫Ǽ޷߶
˵ǾͲչú÷ʱΪģҪ߶
˽ӳϣ̫潣Ҳע룬ڱط߶£˲һѪɫ㽥ѪƯ
߶ӡǴͨҲ࣬ѪγɷֵıӿӵУʩչͬ㡣
ԽԽ󣬽˱УΪףΪһѪɫ㽫˱ڲ
ɣ
ҽΧż˲ζ֮ʼΧǷգ˿ΧҲΪ𺣡
ҿߣҪӲ̤߶ϴ߶תӣɫҲ԰ɫ㺹ϡ
һ̲ͷӡǻӡֻӡһַ·ӷ·Χסҽߣվ͸Ϊֲ
飡
ҽ߲Ƿ㣬ͻȻζ֮ʣҽ֮һǸ壬ſҧϷ
ÿҪ飬ƺҪԴݿ౬ըû뵽㲻סΧһһ֡
飡
ҽٴ㣬㲻ǰСβ͵һɨžһճ˻棬СβͿǽԴ𿪣һɲҲʧˡ
Ѳ
ϢҲʧѾû֮ǰǸ߰һţ뼸϶ʧ޷ռϷ硣
ץΧͻȻһɽƮ
ɽǰɽ
ɽͿʼգΪһŻɽ壬ѹȥ
У𿴻գ֮УȻƿΧ
û뵽ɱһɽ壬ǿһɽ
۵ԥ߶̫潣Ԧ㡣
ſ죬һѪɫС
˳ۻΪʮɴ󣬿תնȥһѪɫнлɽ
ɽû飬Χջʧ٣ٶҲ
أ
ҽҲڴʱҧ㣬ײҧǻɽû飬ѹ㣬пܽ顣

һ磬ɱɽһʱɽΧǺ¡¡ըٷʯߣ죬оڱѣκһʯ棬ҳһӡ
㻹ڲУоһаǴը֮С
ҲҪһʧ
֪ɽûвһ̽עҽߣסǡ
ҽײ㣬һ̣ͻȻһûκơҽӿ棬ҽ
ƣʱҷӡڿռڣЩնĿֲҽ棬ڣһƬƹâ롣
ֱӾͱƸ֮УƸҲϵ۽׷ռ޴桢ҽʲô
˷ģжҾɶ٣ţں«ڲһռ䡣
ͨ˿ڿסˣƸͨܶԸζţڿԿסΪɹ
Ƹҽ룬Χҽ߹ǼѹҲڼᣬҲһЩЩִջûдңҲɣ
ۣ
գ
֮ϵĺӣʩչͨθոռԦɫӣȻԼһѪ
һŤںϣϡ٣һգɶ񡭡Ǽֻϣҹ֮Ум֣м࿴һۣȻҲξ档
㡢㲻ɱҵˣƿصĺ˵һ仰


1931 
֮޷̫ǿ
ӱĲУ仰һĿɨɲһ𣬱һѪ
ҽ߲ɱɸΧչơ
ʱߣ
ͻȻƹâһ桢ɿţ뱦«

ִ̫ͨ߳潣ڴϣʼͨͷƿ
𣡡
ͻȻ㡣
ҽ߲ɱȻУСβ͵һڣ㾹¡һײҽƷ
ಣ
ӷ֮γӳհգԶء
ӱһĻٴѪӾͳ󣬹˲·ҽߣ³һڽص֮С
ɽ뺮׷ֻ޴ȥ
һ
ü֮гһâָһâΪһչմƿնǧ֮㡣
ȥռ·𶼱һۡ
䣡
㾹ȻˣҲ֪ǲǽ飬ˣһֻ桢ִ֮ͨԸٶȷ߿գٶȱ˼ֹ
㼸ϣдƿأһֻ۷ٶȲʲôϧļ£
⿴ԶֻüƯ⣬ָһ
һԽɱȥ
ת˲һǴҲѾ
Ϣ֮󣬺Ӹһ⣬ûһʬ壬ǰҲ桢ͨӰӡ
ƾҲӳӦһϢϢȥδܿǰգԦɽԴٶ׷ȥ˱֮ǰҪɽ֮ϵ¡
ʮ⣡
ҪƵ˴ƶ²桢ͨٶ˵Ҳ֪ҪƴߣȻһ׷СҲɱġ
ͨͷƲ㣬ļһӰӣˣƺû׷
濴һۣףѸӦСϢǺǺ׷ҲܾˣٶȻȲϴٹһʱͻᱻ˦ں󷽣
Ůֶκ˿ǸѩҲȥ
ѩ
ɵҡҡͷڷһŮˣҲβҪ伫ǾǺ˷ѩ
û뵽ɽ磬һӣ뷽ѩǺ񣬲ӸǿԶԸ
ͨԴұٶȣʵһЩֱȥ;ͱЪϢ
ĸҰ·Ϣʱľˣһʱ䣬һָʵҲԽǿ
ɲٴѪָʱƣ£߶콫Ĵ󲿷֣ϴΰСȡͼһѪ·ʧ
ʶƸ桢ɿţֿ״̬ȻĲɳʬ壬Դҩϲ䣬þָܻ
֮ǰźܿܽСȳ̫ǿ󣬼֮Ҳ˽ҷֶΣҪʱ˸УҪСֻܵҸǿʵӽ֣
ʱʱ󷽣ںܵСΣΪõͼһ᲻ֶΡ
ָһЩָ٣״̬ҲһЩʩչӦСϢ
ܾòŷ΢΢СϢӦҲӺӲڶʱ׷Ҳܴ⣬ôȥ
󷽣
ңңȺɽľ֣ɽС
һƯֺ֮УڣţСһ޷
óƷƷʯ÷̳һ걦ҩʼ
ֻϼֻ棬ûǱһҵǣǴж˿飬
ȻûɷƤܿ˺ϢҲסҸҪǼֻϹȥΪͼأԸԳõͼΪҪ˷ʱ䣬ȥǼСӣ
ѾҪ޹أҪǻͼѣ
˼ãϢԽޡ
ʱҴҶһ죬ͻȻһץǰСڣڱž𵴡
ۣ
Созʧ緲һйѪ
Ȼ΢Ц֪˰ɣҿԽĨɱҲղĥ㣬ܣͼ߶ںҵõͼͻһ·
̫߿ˣֻһֻȥͼͼںϣңвСֺľӦ
Ϊû취ǿȡͼȡͼʱͶҺô㽫
в˵͵ȴš
һֱûб̬˯һ㡣
֪ô
ಣⷨźӱŭһ𣬿ʼ뺮¸
ʱСκ޷ֵƬʶǰ飬ӽΪֻӡץռ䡣


1932 СһŹ
Ϊ˭ܺһʶƮԭС
ӲںĴڣ֮Уӡһץͼ
ڿҪͼʮԣͻأֻ΢΢һ粨ﶯ㽫һ˫ӡ¡顣
ۣ
һ̣ӡͼ飬ҲܵӰ죬Ѫ
ſͼǻͼСںϣںѾǿ󣬺ãҾͽСɱˣСһͼ֮ȻҵУ
úӲ취ҪͼŪ֣뵽һð취ɱܵõ
С޷֮źǰһӡˣϴһ㱨õͼһ죬ϴҲ㱨𣡡
һʥߣоеΣĸ߲еɱֻʱ⣬³ӡɲСѹ
䣡
ͷ֮СɽѰĻ𣬾Ѫⶼ飬֮ӿ

û뵽СֻѪںУһԾȻӾͷӡԴݿ֮Ʒˡ
ܿ죬СκƻʧҲٴˣûвʹ࣬ͬʱʱ̿ȡ⡣
ﻤ𣿡
ӽջ֣ſԹâСƤȥ̾ϢϱͼȻᱣСˣǲȡСʲô취ںͼ
ͼӲģ²ˣö֮ǰԸ˼ֻϣͼԼУҲƫƫֻܿţͻȻԶľĸ
ˣҿʩչԪնɱСֱӿԪ񣬿ʶͳΪҵĿܣԺͼ룬ͼҵˣ
úָֻͷɫ
һӡʩչ˫ɲͷԪһֻץСͷһֻѹֱ֮ϡ

ʶԪǿйСԪԪ󣬾ͼСԪں֮С
ϴһὫʬΣԪС֪Ƕ֣οҪڶԷУɵñ
ƿԪСͨԪǰʲôҲû˵ֻеõͼһͷ
˲СԪӿȥСţԪҲӴ֣֮֮Ԫ֮צ㿪ʼСԪ죬һԪ
ϴҪΪұ𰡣
ʱ˿̣СԺԪԪ֮УʶѾڽ
ܸо˶ãԼ΢Ԫ񣬾ͻᱻǿԪǿпƣʱͻҷԪ飬лһͼҲںС
СҲѱɱ㣬õͼʵָɣͿԽСŰɱǧΣЩͬ飬ҸˣͲɱǣĥΪܣ
֮һУ㶼ˣҸᣬ׳ͼλᡣ
ͼҪָС㣿ߣ˾ˣҲû˻⣡
С£ͷŸӴԪϽСʶơ
Ŷ
ʱʶСԪ֮ȻһӡǣСԪԴںһ
ӡǾһӣӿŷӰӡ
һȣֻϣСںϣСԪ񣬾ܿⱾ΢
ͷԪͻȻ֮ƣ浱ֲСԪ֮еںӡ
꣡
û뵽ǣһ̣ںӡϵġ桯ȻҲһɵ棬·һֹĻ档

ɲǣԺӿֲԪոճûСںӡǣû뵽Χǹɵػ棬ɻ淴֮ЩԪƷ׷ηգΪ
ƬҲЦٴһס罩ʬһϰˣںӡΪ
СͨԪʹЦˣɱңϴطֶΣ
ҾͲһʥж
һֲԪ˳˲ѹںӡǡ

ּһɵĻ棬ԪɱһɷգκιԷն޷Կ
ǻһԪ֮ºԪޱȣҲֻԪ񣬶
˵㲻оͲУлϴ󰡣㽫طϢӳԪ֮УСˡ
ҲšҲš
ӷһʩչԪ񹥻һδιһδζ޹޷ǹ޻档
Ѫβ𵴡ˣǱģһϾͷһţ˷ɽ硣
ȻʰһʥµԪӡǡ
Ҳ֪ޣŭѪ
СӣҲŹ㣬Ź㣡ӱԺʰ棬ȵõͼ˵
޷õͼֻһ취С棬ֻɱ棬а취Сõͼ


1933 
һƬԭȺɽŲһɽݺڻԭＹ𺳡
ͬһͨ桢ɿţڷ̳֮һսҲܵشأ桢ͨ
αֲͨѪɡ
̣
ɴԴʵԪڻָû뵽ǣͨԪĵͻȻһķջ档
ΪιĵͻȻжķգƳ˼Ƭ̣ɲǼӡ
ǧ
ʼڷգҲ͸
һᣬֻһ˿˿ѾоСϢֲСԪӡǣճСܴӡǣֻһܣˡ
ӣ
Ϣ飬Ͼ֮ɫĪǺӣǿĨɱСͨĳԪȥСȻõͼϾͼѾСںϣҲǿа룡
뵽ȻģҲǲ侲
ͨ桢ɿţּɫһСΣŭû취
˲ûԹ̫ǿ
һ˫ͫĿںϻͼܵõͼͲᴥСںӡǣκβͼԪ֣СӶõͼ֪ǰ֮ǰӳطСںӡ֮Уκ˶ԸСԪ񣬶طһκβط
ʶɿ󣬴ʱ˵Ʊ˵ˣӵȷҪԪȡͼͼһںϣͻԶӶ޷ĨɱСͼʶֿû취뵽ԪСʶҲû뵽Сںӡӵطӳ֣Ի⣡
ʵǿִǿߣһʵָɣ˵ܻںӡǣ
ˣȷǿߣض꣬ںϸҪ޵ñʵҲһһϦ£ָʵǧָ꣬ܰӵ
ǧꣿ
һֻǾúź쳾ھţſǧָͨˣҪָꡣ
úãǧֻ꣬Ҫʱ䣬һҪںӻָʵ֮ǰȽɱС
ˣŮϼ޻֮˵ָʵͻ׷ɱ㣡
׷ɱң
ˣҪָʵаտСõͼǰɱˣСںӡǾͲƣӻͨɱ㣬ĨСںȻٿСԪ񣬴Ӷõͼ
ԡ
ɿ侲ȻҲԹ嵱ԡ
ܼΪ̫Сʧȥ侲
СˣںӡǵƿߣӴʱԻӡǣֻҪɱˣӡƿߣںӡҲͲڣٿС׶ˡ
ͨҲŵòǸŮʵǿ׷ɱˣǿֻҪķݣ
ɿͨʵֶΣѾ⣬һʵָһЩͿȫѹǣʱǲȴʱǿ󣬾Ͳ֣
ǾͰռƻУȥȻ취Ϊߣ취ʵ֮УһԸӣϢҲããɽҵҵ䡭
һ泹侲߶ںӡǣطСԺںӡǸӦ
СиӦ֮һҲᱻӲѰϢԶ׷ɱҪú֪ĴڣһСʱΣա
Ҵº桢ͨʵָ˽̤ɽɳƬԭԽغῪŭֽ֮һƬ޾ԭ
ɹͥмŴԭɽֺŭ
ǰѾ

ûϢһ죬桢ͨҹ·ԴΪʮȴֻôʱ䣬Ҹԭͥڵ
ͨͼץ˶Ա꣬ٶȣȥٴڵ֮Ųپ޴ǳأҲмͶˡ
ºɹƬԭһǳسˣ֮ǰЩǳʮ
沢δǳϢͨƹǳؼ·
ĳǳأеĻҪ٣һЩƲٳǳأЩطĴ;Щ˷ˣЩסǡ
ͨͷŴΪЩͲ׵
滹ᵽ໰⣬ͼ˵ڰ˷ɽӿǿߣ׷ȥضȡͼ
ͼ˶·棬һЩɹΪߵǿߣ뿪ͥ컯ɽ磬⻹֪ͥһͨ˺ܿ뿪ͥȥһɽ硣
ǴҴһȥ¾ֵܵ󣬴ɽͥһʥء


1934 ¹֮
ˣҪȥ¹֮ǡȻı䷽򣬷ǰա
ͨ⣬һָͼɼͥмǳء
һǳؾһͷ¹վȺɽ֮У¹һǳأͥΪĵط֮һ
һ·˵¹֮ǣȻڲԶȥҲҪ׷ʱҲܡ
ǿĿ⿴ԶܶطδȥڵǿǴ
;һЩǳҲΪر𣬵ΪΪߣʵӪСһ˼Ҫȥͥ
·¹֮ǣ뿴Ϊͥһǳص¹֮ǣ䲻
һƬ缹׳ɽ֮Уɼһ籦󣬱һͷ¹ب
ˣ¹֮ǵȷӦùڶͥҲ˵ͥ¹֮ǣǳؽһͷ¹ϣ֮Ϊ¹񡯣ͥǿ֮һͥҲ֪Ĵڡ
ڴɿ󣬺¹֮Ǵ̫̫࣬࣬˵¹֮ǽһͷŵ¹ϡ
桢ͨȲٶ¡
һԾɫɽ֮У¹֮ǽǰʱ¹֮ǵȷһͷ¹վɽâ֯ɵǳؿֻһ㡣
ΧҲһЩ˷¹֮ǣΪҪȡãȻֻѲߣûȡκηá
һ׳ۡŴʱ˿̣˱˵֣ǰһͷ¹ǧɸߣҲǧɣվɽȺɽ֮Уԡ
¹´вٽֵͷܶͨɳǲ̧࣬ͷ¹ϣϾһǳأǳǳһ󷨱ţ̫棬Ӿ¹Ϸһ̹⣬׹ֵԶԶȥٲ
Ҫȥ¹ϣ֮ǰУ桢ͨѰһʣҪϷǳһҪʮƷʯԴ󲿷˶ˣˣǾţһë
Ȼˣ϶Ҫȥ
֮дܿ¹ǳǳز󣬾һͨСǡ
ǧɸ߿գԽ¹ϿǳأڲǳؾȻҲСǱ֣ȥ󲻴󣬵ڲǳغСƵģڲǳؿɼֵǳ
ͨ˿զѵǴֱҲǧɣΪڲǳطһ䡢ĸо
ˣã
ҲŪףֻɿ󣬺߹Ȼ֪ɲͨ󣬶һֿռ̺ռ索һֻǽָڲȴмɡʮɿռ䣬¹֮ⱳϳǳأʵһռ濴СڲӦС
ռ
ɿͺ˲׹ˣԭǴǴ֮г֮ΪطĿռ
ˣһֳ﷨ڲռԴزƷٿ¹ǳأֱԼǧɣɿڲǳأֱֵһۿͷá
¹֮֮ʩչռֶΣһǳأʵǴֱʣ桢ͨǰĳǳأ֮һȣͨСկ
˸ҪȥһһŻþʯ֮󽽹ɣϰʿأ߽Ҫѯʡ
桢ͨ㹻ʯЩΪʥɵǿߣż˽ǳء
ոڲǳʮ֮ŵ滨㣬һ޷籦ҩһЩЧ˾ԪΪ֮һ
ֵƷʯʯ̳ɣԴҸΪǣǳذƯһЩ֮бҩеǲʯһ֮Уһʯ
ñҩʯóǳӵи಻Ϣóǳط·𳬷һͨ̾ΪֹǳذʮʯҩҲʮꡣ
ϸ౦ʯ滨ݣֱһʾ˲Ƹ
ǳô౦װΣƯڰ֮Уֿɵãû˿ЩҲûѲߣ˭ֵطȥЩ⡣
ڵӣ
˸أǳشһ֣Ȼʮأͨæ濴ȥ
ԭڵӣǳ֮дŸһƣ˼С
ּܿ󼸸ӣһۣϷһЩƣ·֮ϡ
Ǳ֮УϴڶԴÿ˼ĬĬ
һֵһЩ˱סԱһ̻Ի߱͡
̻ᣬˣͨ⾪
ԭ̻ᣬֲͨ⣬ǰأǲɱ̻һЩ֣ɽ磬һ̻ᡣ
̻ͥҲ󼸸̻֮һǳʵ
ûȻûнȥһϤ̻ᣬ豦̻ᡣ
˵ǶԺ豦̻᲻ϤϴȥأɡʶɣݾǺ豦̻һӣҲǵͥ˶֪š


1935 ҵ׷
ˣǲȥЩҽռ󲿷ԴһܶͨԴǶòϣͼһЩҩ˲ι
ȷһ
Ȼ豦̻ᣬҲøúú屦
ż豦̻ᣬñʯʯ̳ɣȻʹΪ̻Իͣޱݳޣˣ󲿷ֶʥΪҲв٣ɼûС
Χתת豦̻۵Ķ廨ţеĺͨеϧͨǾƷʥһЩƷʳɫĴڡ
һ㶼ûʲôÿģ㣬ǧ״״вٴѯʼ۸ҲʮϢֻҪЩܿЩɡ
תתͨͻȻһ̨ͣϴ˲ιꡢͨ˲ιζʮԪ˲ι
ʵĹ̨ڣƯһ˲ιǧ֮࣬ʮԪٵ˲ιʮ˲ι㹻һʥɱɣôڶʱָʵɶ
桢ͨȻҲʮԪ˲ιȴ̫࣬˲ι̫Ҳ̫࣬ʿݵġ
ͨǰȥſˮ⣺ʮꡢʮԪ˲ιϢӴۣʮʮԪٵ˲ι
󼸸˲ι涼Ϊ֮զࡣ
˲ι
갡ⳬ˵Ԫ٣ǴҲԻ꣬һֱӵɣάԪ٣ˣҲϵľͷ
λҪ˲ιһŮӲʩ죬Ŷʮӣɫ𪣬ոʢİһһ۱ס
ףʾ
ͨŮ񣺡ȻҪ򣬵ȻҪܶòϵԴ֪ҪҪ
ŮףǺ豦̻ʲôҪֻҪƷʲǵõԴҲգϾɽƴ󣬴󲿷ֶͨɡɡɣΪˣǿͷȽԴٸǶһ˲ι
豦̻治ǰŮӣΪҲͣȻһɣȻΪ桢ܴͨƤͷһ˿˿ѪɲеĿֲ
һ䣬ǲڲϢҷ㣬ԭΧڷһЩ滨ݡ
װεǱ¡š
ಣ
ŮӻҲ࣬˸£ͷһ磺ǽҪƷ֮Уһ˹æԪԴ
ͷӣ
֮ͨͨóһöö䡣
Ů۾ȻһΪͨȻóö䣬һʿռģ
ȻЩ䣬󲿷ֶǻɱǿߡʬģһͨƷһЩõԴҲЩ䡣
ΪɡɡʥռٱֻϺôȡ
ܿӽΪǴɣƿأŮӽȥˡ
ಣ
һöö䣬ͨ߶֮󣬴Դƶһϡﻩ֮С
ԭ̺ĳֿռԴ룬ҲûоҪ󷨸ÿһڶǴƷƷʯʯֿʯҲдͨҩ鵤
һЩԽõǰðģֻǴǿ֮С
ܿ󷨿ռڲѾѳԴɽƷв٣һЩؼҲͷųһһǸؼʮ򱾡
ҲӼöͷųͨʥóʥԴɶĪӿȻʩչʽ׷޷ӻʽ׷
ֻɲſʽ׷
ôԴ
ʥ׷ãҲҪ
豦̻ӿʼԽԽе𺳣Ŵһͨϣó˾Դ
Ҳ֣ͨһɣǿɴ߶ʥ׷ʱΪʥ׷Ҫ֪̻۸һЩ̻ȻҪ׬ǮԵͼ۸չתһ߽ס
˶֪ʥ׷ȥЩСһЩǳȻ̻ỹҪ㡣
ͨ۾գ£ԣЩԴ̫ˣʥ׷Ծ͸࣬ھǻʽ׷ʲô
죬ͨŽдԴ֮У桢ɽʱڣֶͨռԴȻǴԴʥԴҲ
̫࣬ǵԪһʱ䣬ͷǵȵȣüơ
ҲãͨպóȥûҪĶ
Ȼ˲ιҩѡ˲ιһЩʮԪٲ࣬ҩҲкۣܶϰֱҩеͨеҩޱȰ磬۸Ҳǹľˣһɣһܹһ겻ҩ
ҪҪ
պ˿걦ҩʥʷҲвٻʽʷʮ۽
ˣӵʱԱһѵ۽ذףҲǺö۽׷ͨģͻȻ͵͵һЦ


1936 
ذʱţҲԺϣ˵ڶȱٷйǰħף㹻õģͨŵ۽׷һҲ̫̰ˣ￴Ź
ȻǧǼƷ
ͨʱ۾һһͷħɷϢĹ̨ħˣ豦̻û뵽ħԴ
жʮħⷨɽӶ࣬һЩ롢ħֶ򵥣۽Ʒħ֮ͨһֱĦȭơ
λ㿴
мʿҲ⴦̨ǴΪϢޣһͲǴɣӦɡ
ϢɴȻԸӦħ
ħʿ
ˣ
һͨһ࣬ͺͨһ߲鿴һħ
֮ǰӴ桢ͨŮӴӹ̨ڲһö䣬Щħʿóϰټħ۽м
ֵǣƺΪ۽ħһЩ鷨ƬѰš
Ҫ뿪ʱóһͼһźɫͼŹͼһĵͷһϤϢ
ô
һŹͼˣħ֮
벻ףǰںϣ̯ħͼӦϢؿħͼ֮УȻһħħڲ֮ͬʮ˿ͷΪز㽨ħ·Щͷ֮ϡ
Ϥ
ЩͷȻһʶĳطħ
ϴ㲻ǵˣ
һ̣Ƹ˵
ͷ;÷ǳϤ
ϴǷħۣڷ磬ǵɼѰһμʮʬʱһѪأǿۼ֤ħθģԺʯףΪħۣлԵõ
ԶԣֲôϤ
Ժ֮Уɲħʱ棬ʱʮʬͼͷʮʯħͼһ֮
ħȻˣǼһǵ棬һ֮ͨˣһѪ
ϧħȥλ磬Ƹ½磬Ͳ֪ħδˣѪħѪħĲ֪ͨġ
ʴ˷ħһɽ磬ĳʱ֮С
ֻΪǰħͼħϵ֮
һ仰ԾѣˣҸонѪħϢӦҲ˽ѪħħͼҲһ˿˿Ѫħ
˵Щ˶ѪħħͼҲнѪħˡ
ɿ󣺡㿴ħͼϵħ֪ܲǺεȷ
츳Ӧһ˲串Ƕȥ
ΪȻûз֣ԱˣͨʿȻڰһ鿴ħͼ
ˣҲ޷϶Ͼɽ̫࣬ħҲ٣ħžкܶ࣬ɽʱջħŸǿħħͼƺеӡħпǴ֮УһħΪԶµħϧʧܶˣֻйżһЩɿҲ޷֪̫ࡣ
˵ħΪ
ߣħͼ鿴Щħżȥ
ҿЩ˲򵥣ͨҰиȥѵлᣬѪħʿȻ档
뼸Ҳδֱ뿪̻ᣬһ̻ᣬ֮УԵþͺͨˡ
Աһˣѹ߶ʵϣǾƾһͼҪҵĵƬ̫ˣ⴦豦ֵ̻ҲûС
ߵͳػӦǲòң
εȲʡ
ɽħ֮УԶǿħ֮һÿһħʥʹ÷ˣҲҪҵƬ
ħʥ޵ĴڣĴڹ
ߣյħȣɽ֮УǿħⷽͥħţҲöħȳ
ҪҵǲǴ֮һħʥҪˣҪͳһħȣ
Ҳ֪ҲĪ룬һȥһˣ
ȻһɨǼ˶ʱ
Ϊܾһ˰ɣ߳תһֲоȴҡҡͷżȥ
գ
Ӽʿ֮תٿѾǼˡ
ʱɿٴԪˣ֪ħȣԼǸħʥ˵
ħȣһħħŶˡ
ɿǵȷԶǿħššֹŶЩȥ׵ϧǱƾľַش֮
վȺ֮Ƭ̣豦̻᣺ԭħ˲ղЩǿڣнѪħϢħȣĪǽѪħħȲɣ
ɿϣѪħȷӦǶеĹϧħȾ붫̫ͥңԶҲԶز̫࣬Ҳ޷ȷѪħǷǣ


1937 ż
ħȣ
ħʥ
Ȼ뵽һˣħۣ
˹Ҳɽ֮УѪħҲħȳϹϵ˵ħȵӣǾ˼ˣħҲǷߣɽ
Ǿ¹֮ǣ޷ȽϰıЩν޷¹֮Ӱ
һ˼ŷħۡѪħħȹϵ
û뵽һ̣Աһȫҷһպʮʿ߹
ϢϤУǼβһˣ˫üû뵽ˡ
磡Ǳ˹ȥ
ʮ֮Ум죬󲿷ڴֵû˻ҲУһ˺Լû
ֱ֣ȻԾޱ˷ܿ棺ֵܰˣʮǰزżŹãȻ¹֮ٴ
ЦǺǵҲĺܣڴ磬Ȼ֣ηҪɡ
֣˭һıʿ
ЩǿҲ׷׾۹ǴǰתǺ棬ǻıˣټʴҲڴ档
棬ǰǻı
ЩǴɣгԽɣϢصľͷΪͲʲôһʵվ˵
УȻˣģھ¥㣡ͷǼ˻ӻ֣ʮǿʧȥ
ع֣ɻ֮ɫʵôˣЩ˶Ǹ֣磬ﻹɣ¹֮ǣҲһĪҲ
ˣҸطģ鷢ûо񣬸ղطǹ˷ܾҲȻֹ
һ豦̻ᣬ³鷢ô¹֮ǣǵҪػصıܴ¹֮ﾭ
Ҳûˣ¥ֱӽ뷿䣬ʱ豦̻˻ֱ֮
ͨȥѰұȥˡ
ִּ߶ڲдʣ֮ǰһȥ⣺ֵܣǣĪк豦̻ύף
ͬҪȥһУ·¹֮ǣպ豦̻ЩԵ֣ͽЩռòϵԴ̻ᣬٹһЩԴ
ˣôԴͨҲһʾ֣һɾͷҲòôԴ
һ̻ǹĿ࿴ǰ棬ԼǾһԶչ档
ڲնԣóһʾԴҲûĪ
ȴںĽֵѣʵ磬Ǿ£ʱѰұֱֻӴӶص򣡡
˵ǰûͼضˣ˸ȥͼϧѽ˵ҲѰͼʱǾһ£
£
ҲȥأǴؼ־͸ȥ߻ϣߴȥѰؾֳɽ˾ȸ֣ϻıܶǿߣ͵ϮҾ
˾ҵյغ
ɽҰĳΪıһֳüѾɽҸ߲Ը⣬ͱ͵Ϯ˭֪֪£߻м֣ͻȻʧʬ
ʬ
ԭ˴£ɽǿ͵Ϯ߶ʧˡ

Ū֮ʣǻ
ֺȻԪСĵĵ¹֮ǵĳʶ޷ӡ֤ǿἰ¹ڰü棬ϵ߳Ǿ¹֮ǣܸܲǰܶأѰ䣡
ԭˡ
ǿ¹֮ǣѰġ
ֲãһҲܺͨ߱ͥһǿߣʵɲ⣬ҲǿߣʵǿɽҲ־ͷߡ
߰˷пʶ¹֮ǵĳ˫һнҲ֮С
Ҳ죬ȥݼǣδǵȥת⼸Ϣ
˵걶ϾǵҲܴϸоԾߵҳϡ
֮ˣȥš
Ҿ̣ɴ󲿷뿪ɽֳЩȻ֣̲ҲߣЩ˸޷ٻص磬ϳжûף棬¿ˮ
Ǳ͸ӣɽڻıưԣֻɻʥſ֮⡣
ͨܿû뵽ֻպú豦̻֣ڽԴ
Ů棬ԴӴҪҪЩ
桢ͨɲʮʮԪ˲ιʮͨҩʮ꣬ʺϴʮϧ


1938 
ܹټƷҲ޷ô౦
׿ŮӱȭʣЩԴ빺ԪԪֱ
ŮһȻԾԪϱҾҲ۸ǳʣЩԴ㹻ԹһƷʻʽ빺ԪԪǲģԪ౦Ԫ⣬Ҳ԰ǿԪһʿòϣҲֱ
Է˵ʵǰӳ²˽ⲻٹԪ෨ֻҪԪ౦ҿø߼Դ
ԪϱʥӣϹݸɽ磬һֱʵһҪĿꡣ
Եȣʣ
ŮĿ
磡
ŮӦҷֵ߲㽻ֿ֣ץһ⣺Сܼǰ󣬽μ·棬ƽǳæµ£ΪҲ岻ֻ֣ܸϸ±
֮зɳ˲ι걦ҩʮŴѪԼʮʽ׷
ּô౦һ˲ιǾر
ƿ䣺ϵܣ˺ĸҪҲףҼǿһн첻ɾͣκһƶðģôȡĶ
һ⣬ϣ԰ϴ磬һЩԴǰֻԴûпȥռϻŲ٣㹻ܳһʱУ˻˭пѵʱϸδԻңʱһҪҪϢ˵꣬ǿоͽ֡
⡭
־˫ֿҪղסССһö䣬ҡͷڵ³ǣҲδչмӣϵңʵھεĺܣҴʱڡ
Ī˵ˣ磬žӦû£̫أҲĳռѣ治˵ȥ
˼
˼ŮӣȻסһƣҡҡͷͼܶǿˣ䣬Ԫ౦ԱԤںж౦
ͨȻ߳һ䣺豦ͥʵ̻ᣬҲ޷Ԫ
ԪȻУأǧ·棬෨Ѿкܶ෽ͷԤŮӲδ⣬ɵӦ
Ϊ·йأҲú棬ź豦̻òԪ෨
˶ãŮǹҽڡ
·ÿʮһΣκһ·涼һɱ¾ڡʵǿμӱջųˣȴ֮һЩʿ֮УһЩǴӣǾͷᣡ
ڲμ·֮ǰ׼׼׼Ѫ⡢Ԫȷӡһڱ䣬ǿ߾ͻЩӡϸԪܵıǸ
ÿ·濪ǰڣͷ׼پͷμӱ֮ǰѾΪԼ׼תֶΣ౦ǰһա
Ů΢΢ԭɡ
þòŻ֡ͨ뿪̻ᡣ
ѰһҾ¥úúһ˷ֿǰȥǿ߻ϡ
¹֮ǹ˹䣬ǳȫռ֣ڲǬ棬һ֮أǿ̫࣬ࡣ
뿪¹֮ǣ
£ǰһ޴ǳأ¹֮ǲǳؽΧҲǧٿ꣬;кü޴ǳء
Щǳش󲿷ֶйصǿ߽ɣǳϼ壬һЩ
һ죬˿ɽֺȻʮɫغһϼʥأϸһþΧ
ϼʱ֮Уû뵽ڲһƬ󣬷Ծ죬϶ǳǳأһЩʱʱӰҲЩ˷Щ졣
ûȥ죬ֱݷǧ󣬺ȻɽЩɽγһ½Ȼڲϼ֮УϼںϣƬϲâ
ԶԶܿһ磬·Ļпͨʱգڲϼⶴ졣
⣬һЩںƯţǳ˴ڷɽϣڵŽ
ͨȥ֪Щ˶ɽţΪӡ
ΪⷽһյȻأЩֻȴԵ
ͨ磬ǰһϼʱգһǽ֮ȴʱա
ˣ
ͷһ⣬ᵯڵϡ
ͻȻԶиˣں棬ΪҲͣЦСǲأҪɽţҪȥΧȱȻŶӵȴǲãѾ꣡
ԭΪΪӡ
Ǵ磿
ͻȻһۣϷǶƵӣ˲ڵǰ޵γɣ󷽻жʮˡ


1939 ּ
ˣ;Ϥ¹֮Լ;Щǳأӣ˴ࡣ
ӰȻˣûƼǲֱ߰ɣ´ĪҪⴥ磬ɽŲŹǣ
汧ȭ²ɽģ
ķ£˱䲻ȣҪȥģ˾
ɹӣػɱһЩڰʿսɲԺڰƷǰŽǰ󣬽ڰǿʬ󣡡
ɹ֪ˣã˵
ӱ顢ˣһӡһŻ桢ͨǰ޳֡
磬ǰȻһ磬û˿ϵ磬¹֮ǻҪǿʢ٣
ȥϢ߲˹ӣ˷ɽ֮С
ܿһɽ壬м¿һֵ
ȻһͷһӸһϿ֮зڶâ
û뵽֮лߴâΧʮض𵴣桢ͨоǴֲ֮һͷʵǿ
һŵʮˣǱһϽһֱǴǲٵʦ֣ǾڵȻᣬбڸڼӽ֮󣬾һͨ뿪ˡ
ΧмѲӣǴɾӣȻһʥɵӡ
ڹӦһͷŸӦ˷֣ΧڣһЩЩȻӣɽרӴʿ
Ҳ޷뿪ͨڹڣɴѪҲ鿴ƸôԴãʵҲڽڽ
ȷ棬ﻹΧڲ¸Ϊ
ովͼһͷһͷȥʵʵƱ̫潣Ҫ
ڣ桢ͨʵ۷壬ֵģûˡ
һȾǰ£ۿͨΪ̤۷壬Ҳʵ£Ҫͻһ磬Ȼзڵ⸲ǶԭûȻڸˡ
ֹͣ󣬺Ȼ䣬漸Ϣ֮УһϢЩϤ
ɹӣ
һܻӵżӿڵ
桢ͨоԪ𵴣ͼһ׷ԲԵߣӶ
׷ߵǲ֣ȻǳǿϢޣǿҲ
û뵽ɨߺһˣɲһЩ죬òεЩŮˡ
ѽؼֵһˣ֪غףֵֻܿǸԸĮġ
ؼֵҲ棬üͷ΢΢һȻҲɹͨӡ
ҲżϷֳͨؼǸ⣬ΪǴɣмʥ
ؼֵŵӣһΪλԳΧ
滹ǵãؼֵȥأȥԸħˣΪֻˣ֮ͼӦöѰͼ
дɻ󣬵Ϸ桢ͨ
ߴϣʱѰĺܣüˣɹôһɡһʥӹǴֵӹʦã󣡡
汧ȭɸո̫潣ţҪ߲ţԾ
̫潣ŵʲôˮźڰߵһѰ·û뵽ɹԼ̫潣ŸˣضԸ̫潣šˮŵϷǶ֪һУ̫潣ţɹҲ¹ͣó߻¶Цݡ
һö䣬һӡ
ǵӴŴȥϷؼֵܿһֽۣͷŸӦ
ָ߽ؼǸˣףͷų
֪֮ؼֵ֮У곤Ǹס
ͷɲͷһƬâһ߾ͷħɷϢʬˣоеأնɱǿڰǿߡ
ʬһʮߣԺڰ磬ħʿʬһ֣˷ë
һҲӴɳʮû뵽ϢЩʬҪ䡣
Ϣʬӿ£ȻЩʬҲԺڰ磬ֻǺڰ֮УͨЩǿߡ
Ƿͬ񼸺Ǻڰ磬ЩǿƶɣӲ뷨ħһ¡
ָǿħǿʬһԳԺڰ縱ʹǿߣʵǳǿҹڼΪ£źò׽֮նɱ˵ԼԺڰʮߣ¸ͳ죡
ߣ
סΧǿǣһһ亹


1940 
Ȼǵǿ󣬶ǿŶΪ֮Ĵڡ
ϣǶħ֮УЩڰʿǶħǿߣ߹
㿴ס
ಣ
˲Ϣһħǿʬǰ߶һһ𣬷ʬ壬һǿüġ
ͣ
üľȻһɺѪͷҲǣüľһţһĺڽǣų߳Ͳб仯
ʱ˿̣桢ͨ׺Ϊħ壬ЩüĻϷһֻǣҪĳַöħǿߣڽͷų
׿ңħǿߣֻʵ̤ͷУǲŻ᳤ּǣԽʽ׷ܻ飬˶ǣںڰ壬ǿߣ
ֲãΪ˾
ͳںڰǳ࣬һսɽܵõͳʬ壬񣬽ʬ뷨񶼷ӡǿͨЩʬ塢񣬸˽ħԼߣǿͨôӦȥѰҲͬʱЩԶħĺڰϢԱһˣȥʬ塢ӡ
м˹ȥæ
׷߻桢ͨɹǰڰʬ塢Ҳ࣬ջķᣬͨһֱ־նħ־ҲҪǽ

ԭЩڰǿߡ񣬻н
ߺ۳ĬһӣŻˣξ͸ʮ걦ҩһǧƷʵҩԼһƶɵɵʻʽ
ǣ
Ҳһʴ֣Ƕɶԣôɹո̫潣ţǿ߲ˣأЩԴûȥٿЩǿ߻ָƣʵ
߸°ֵͣȻĽǰħʣҲ࣬ʮ꣬ν걦ҩһͨ
ʮꣿ
֮أ걦ҩ桢ͨ˲ףΪҪЩħʣʵǱᡣ
ԭ⡣
֮лǰ񰮣һ󣡡
߻֣˵ɣ
Ҳμǧ·棬ϣԱȡΪߣ
μ·棿ˣɹǿߣʱߺɻֻǾòμ·棬桢ͨʵǲܵġ
ˣ汧ȭ
ҪΪߣʵɹնɱôڰǿߣԼô෨ȫֱӻʸǶȥִζ񣬿ֱȡöƣǧֱȥμ·ˣҪҪϣ
ǰֻõִжʸѣҪԼʵȥִԼʵΪߣǲȥμ·棡
໹Ϊʬ塢񣬻λᣡ
ֻҪ붷ߵʸȻȥɣ
Сһ׮˰űǣҪãһͲı䣬ҪΪߣǿƾιִͣ׳Ϊǰ컯ɽ磬ʧȥλᣬҪԼȥִΣ޷ɵս
ˣ
ǾȺţǣ
յͷ׵ӵ£뿪ɽͷ
صͨʵˣΪǲֱҪԽԼʱ䣬˲ҪȥѰԪ౦𣿡
ʬ塢񶼲ѪģɹеӣװʧȥЩɹЩ߲λָΪν̳УʵڳΪߣȥμ·棬Ҳֻǧִøǿᣡ
ˣ
У
ڴգ
Ҳ͵죬˼ӡ
Ҳһߣһó续һ쳣ء
鿴û뵽ϾȻԴͥϢϢǳ䡢İ
оаִһΣ˳ɣֻҪִĿѪԼѪע֡
ɭɭԣɡʥӣɻпܣҪúϧǵõҲǼȻõ߲ɣҪúϧᡣ
ǣ˺ð£ﶼʵ
ǻɱڰʿûоָȻҲԻɱڰʿԼȥѡ񣬼סִһҪйκζãеʱ򣬻˶к˶ԣò֤ִ֤񣬿ܻȡݡ
ٴνһ˺һЩ
ΧץƷʯգʯΪɿԲη̳һ˾֡


1941 һ
Χ˴߶͹
ŸʮеöνúţĪ֪ӽ쿪ʼ㣬ʮ֮󣬻֪ͨɽ
߲úһЩ½żȥ
ͷʲô鶼׵ͨŷ̳󣬴Ķη֮ġ
ͷŷӡ⸲ǡ
˲Ž̳֮Уһ̣Ѿʮ౶ˣ˸ոɣƮƮ
棬Ҳһ˴ȻǼƸ
ĳһ֮С
һ߾ߺڰǿʬƯţҪһ
׷״ţܿ׳һģһܵܣغҲ֮С
غһɹһȻնɱôڰʿôڰ񣡡
׵ʿԽԽ࣬ɹļʱǽЩںϳһ𣬾ӵиǿʢڰ編ͨӦħϢ
ħǺڰǿһ֮һҲŵĺܣɽ磬ɳǿɱɽ磬пץʿٽЩںǴŷȥأΧûкߵЩϴ󴫳ͨʱգһ
ǻͼǲ˰ɣ
ȻͼȡģԵõ
ħֻصƣ
ǿͬʱѰңҲ˰һֻ֮صƹغԶ۴õ͵ڳΪϵӣħ˾ںϺܳʱ䣬Ҳƿأ̫ģҾ͵ħ뺳˳Ϲϵֻصڰ磡
ڰ磬Ҳ׷ɱ
²˳٣ȽЩ˵ħɷͬСɣ
һ£غֵȥ
Ҵ꣡
꣡
󷨷ӡ֮УͨƯڰգν䣬ȫ飬˳Ӵ졣
Ԫʵͽ۷ֲͨٴͻһ硣
죡
ɾ𵤣Լ̫̫֮֮֮ǳ֮ѣٶȻ̤ɣѾͨϢ
Ҫ֮֮ƿأͨڴ߶Ԫ񡢽𵤳أȥ֮Ҳֻ֩˿΢Ĵڡ
˵Ǵɣ֮Ҳףʴ̤ɾ磬쳣ѣܴӴ̤ɣɾߣǶʳڣʮꡢ꣬Դܳɾɡ
֣̤ͨɣִӴһͻ죬ٶȼûеģǴͷϧԴϧʵвֶβúϴ衢ඥʱͻơ
ȻͨơѪħ컯ЩԭҲʱʱ̿ҩʬ壬ЩԴȻЩ̫࣬ȴպʺִͨ˿ֲٶȡ
ЩŵɱҩǾСһأ˲ιҲʱʱ̿̿ɣҶʮ˲ιҩҩһд֮Уǰ걦ҩ˲ιɽ磬ǿϱ
桢ͨǴţҲûоͷΪɽԼֶΣҪȡԴǿԼ
ͣ
һɽһҲͷ˫ͫѪѡ
ɼ˫֮ͫѪѣЩͫͨϸ΢ѪȻҲͷŴ
Ҫͻˣ
Ϊʥ۷壬һҪͻˡ
ͻž飬һ˾һˣѪ˲ȫÿ䣬һѪɫһ飬һЩѪ̡Ѫ񱬷Ѫ˿ӿ
ˣͷһδιÿһζоԪҪ롣
ʹУ̫Ϥӷ絽ɽ磬һǧǼҳ㷹ͻҲһ־ĥ飬Ҳѿ־ǿԼܽԼ
ȫӭѪ鵤ձҩںϽ֮ʼʥ죬ɱ䡣
ͻһݣʵͻǿһʥ죬ʵҾʥ۷һζţɸһΪΪеĿꡣ
ǧ·棬˵μ·ΪߣҲĿǰʵֵģֻʥΪܻɱǿڰǿߣ̤ɣΪ߲׵Ķ࣬μ·Ҳпܣ
ǴɣҪȥ·棬ҲΪϾȥμ·棬Ҳ䣬ʲôǶ̨ϣҲ㲻ǿߣǧڣͻƴһĿ꣬ΪɲĿ꣬ųΪɣ·棬Ҳ԰Ȼһ
ͻƣѾ޲ã̤ɡ
ʱ˿̣һڴˮϷڣ񱻷ˮָʹ


1942 ʥ
ѪڻָѪϡѪǶڷŽ֮ϣҲɴԴκһԴʥõԴ
ھԴĺ֮У²ô߶־֮ƶҲ˳졣
һһаƤ۶죬ȫʯ̡ĥɣһЩϼתЩϼ֮УϡܿһЩƱҩҩ˲ιӰӡ
ӰӣžЩԴԴҩѪҺںϣԴҩ֣֮κϢ֮дڡ
زѪޣˣѪҲųɫգ֮ҲһЩɫⶼ
ͨԪĵںϸΪƺĵҪԪںϣչӳԪ֮УҵԪСǧǧʱںһ𣡡
˲ر仯ˣŸոͻƣѵһ̶ȣڲͬһɫѺۣ
˲鿴ȫ仯Ǿ˵ģˣҲ֪ʥ磬ʵĻЩͷԣȻС
þûдʱַɣԼ泩
ãżԴ鿴ɽ仯Ȼ٣ֻøںһЩӡ۽һʯûб仯
ʯԪҲƯţⱦǵħۣСλȡ½磬û뵽УҲ֪ǺεȱȻɽ磬֮Ҳ޷ںϡ
ҪʯףͻƴɾҲЩܣ̤ɾӦеϣ
ԴҪһŻмʱ⣬ѵͥǿ
ͨҲڷ۷塣
ÿ춼û壬ԣһЩģҲʱƽ־ŹϰأһҪһ²ƽ⣬ں֮УҪʱ䡣
ɹҲں֮УĿǰıǷǳɫöɲɱΨһҪȫȥں
žͻƣɫͷԾ֮ǰȽϳɫӴԣʮ֮һδںϡ
һΪһųɫҲǲ
ˣ
ͬʱ־ǧʱ
û뵽һ̣֪һϢӡٴͷ
֮ǰӡһͷԣһһͷţ
ӡڴ߶ǧʱ£ͷϼͻȻЩϤǧʱӡж⸽ӦǴǧʱӦĳЩӡϢӡ˶ǻ֮УΪͼӡͷϢ
Ī⸽ƻͼֱӡзӦ
Ϊ֮һ˵ΧоֱﲻУҲԿʲô
ǧɿӳӡȻϢ򹬵֮͸ȥ
úȻûиӦʲôӡͷԸһЩֱһ֮󣬴ǧɿܺңԶ֮УоӡһϢ
Īǻиһӡ
ɿ֪󣬺ܿ˴𰸣ˣҲһӡⷽͥһ붫ͥ϶һĴڣӵӡҲ֮С
һӡ
ҲɿͣΪΪλ嫵֮УӦһ˿˿ӡ
һȷر
һһ꣬Ҵꡣ
꣡
֮з棬ȫͷſֲ
ֿʼͻˡ
Ѫڱ䣬⹬󷨶ѪͬѾѪΪˣʥ޷
ʥ죡
̶̼죬ͻѸͣҲ̤һʥ죬һܳɡ
þϲǣͨҲ֮һ£ͷŽͻһݣӴ졣
κһͻƣʵͻһԵٴ߶ֻѪӤǰħ׸Ϊס
ʱ䣬ˣҵúúץסһᣬû뵽̺ͥ㴿Ԫͻ֮ͨûϢԴʼС
ʱ䲻ˣ֮ⷽУԪⲻͨʯ߼ʯ֮࣬˻ᵱȻܴٽʱ䣬ʵﵽһ߶ȡ
Դкܴģ桢ͨͻƲãⷽǿʢؾһֱһ״̬Խ伸κξ
ʯʯǾ˵ģЩԴǳ֮УûҲγɸֲһԴȪĴڣӵҩ˲ιԼѪЩֻҩҩ壬ںϲףҲҲԽ֮ʾԪһڴ¯ӣʿڰԴںϡ


1943 뿪
ûԪͲиֲʿڣһںϸศɣʿԽء
ʱҴҶȥûжãʮ޾͵ˡ
桢ͨʵҲﵽ״̬ƸʵҲһأŻһʱ䣬ԪӡڣԼƸùɡ

޳һͨ
о죬ͨҲûʲôüһ֪ʲôƶɣȻоʻʽ׷ⲻ֤һ𣿡
ʱɿӱ«ռ䴫Ǻöⶫ컯ɽ̫ɽ硢ʥɽ硢ɽһЩɽʱգһЩͷǴͬƳģ̺ɽ粻ͬϢȻԪ
ôɽƵģͨʵ
·ɽ֮Уһ£Ҳ˵һʢᣬɽǿ߻μӱλЩɽǴΧͥСɽʱϵҲȫ֧컯ɽ磬£컯ɽͳһơ
·Ȼϵɽ硣
Ҳܼ򵥣ԼѪӡܴ߶ڲִ֮ٴѪһӡǴУھӡǣ֤񣬲һɣҪһᵱ֤;лɱĿ꣬һҪš
ɿΪ˽ô
ͨ˼һ᣺ˣҪ뿪󣬽ȥִ񣿡
һӣҼƻͻƴɣȥ취ִ񣬲ȻʥʵҪȥִްգʱǾȥһˣ˵´磬ϣڷˡ
ٺ٣ȰǿκһɽһأȲǴŷȺ߶ȥȣﶼǷߣ˵ǻؼҡͨҲȥһˣǵطˣһӶȥһΡ
÷ߺܲһأӷɽ磬νߣֻڷ꣬ɽʿˣ߾һˣһ˽˵طзֻȥûˣ˽ȰˣȻʱһԲ
˵뵽硢Ħ졢޼ˣȻƷǰЩΪ۷ľͷҲܶ˶ѷϽ硣
ֻ޷ȷЩ˶ͥȥͥͥЩʱ֮С
λʱһ죡
һۣһжӵ⴫
ͨͰ뿪ۿΪͿ̤۷壬нʱ䣬Ҳͻһݡ
棬һͻʥ죬һͿɡ
뿪кܶźʲôǲ֪жٵӣҲ֪ͥӦòһ֯һӴ۹ƿһʱ
鿴꣬Ⱦһԭ֮УԴ۷ٶҹգҲҪʱ⡣
ɳΧȷλͨҥͷųҲţֻ
ţ°ͣҪȥҵģϴ󣡡
ɹҪһʱȥϾɹڽ̳ҪЩԴ˽ϻɹԴɹȻǵǻȥҲú
ö佻ţ
һöڲεõĽһö䣬ڲһʬ壬ٿѪ걦ҩƷƷʯԼ
㹻ţ̫ܶ꣬潣Ǿʬ壬ȱʵҲˣʵﵽ۷壬ʩչ컯ʬ壬ɱ͵Ҳ£úɹǻ
ţȻܼһʱ᲻ãɰҲȥȣҲ뽫СǸŮж
ЩԴͬҪСԻ취Ѱʱǳɣͷ

˽ͥȥ
ɹҲɣȫȥɶ
ȥȣ
˻ɽ罣ԭض
ԶҲо˻ڸ·ͬʱؾ
лһЩʬ壬Լɾͷʬ壬ǴƿܵģͨΪʵŵԺվ
þһӴǳأδȥϢͥ۶ȥ
ҴʱȥԶͥԽҲϡٺ̫ܶ࣬ࡣ
ֿʼһЩɳĮɳܽɽɱһЩƻɳʮɳĮ
ܶɽǴݲƫƫһЩ滨Щɶ֣ΪǲŽɽԹ⡣
ˣϱǻвһȥȣ÷Ȳڸ󷽣δıǰ룬ǰһǳأ
ͨóһָһǳسˣһƯĺɽ


1944 Ԫ
ǳΪԪǡǳزһͨСǣ֮أѾһǡ
ԪǾȺܽӳǳذȥȡ
ȲѾԪǣҪ·Ԫʱû뵽氵ʱ򣬺Ȼ֮УӦһϢ
Ϣı⣬ҪȥԪǿ
ͨɻ󣺡ˣʲô֣
ǶǺ˵ոոӦɷϢԪһķߣ
ߣԪǾȺַܴܻܽߣͨ˲˾
ԪΧǺɫأȣϯⷽγЩ߿գƶӳһƬģʱʱһЩڽâҫ
𽥿Ԫǣ波ԼϢ֮иӦǼɷϢ̫ޣ֮ԷƽϢسǳ֮УЩϢǺܳʱģǴǧʱܸӦʴҪҵǼϢ̫ѡ
ԪǽˣһڽʯǶȺɽ֮УԲﶼǺᡢɽ
һ·Ҳһʿǳأǰſʮ˷ɳԪǡ
ƺ˲̫࣬ո뵽һͷʮˣǼԽˡ
һţϰٺǷѲߣոЩ˽ȥҪ˶ݣҲҪʯ
ʯʿҲԪĿģȻ˵ʵ
ǳضʱһˣܱȵɹԪǻкܲģܽһǳأСôһλɣ̫潣һ߶ȵľͷ
ǳڲͦģֵҲܿʿҲܸӣ˷ǿһЩʿӰＸ´Ҳݡ
ո뵽һ㣬ƹһֵû뵽ͨһɻʥŵӣ
ɻʥŵλڻı벻̫ңԶɻʥŵӣ浹ûж⡣
ֵͷܶΪλڻ֮صĳǳأӦò̫ʵȻ¥ʳ¥̻̻ᡢ豦̻ҲС
ûԪǾڲǬǳظеӦоС
桢ͨ߿һЩ̷УʽƷʷЩĹǻʽ׷ֱҲǷǳֵǮ
̷֮ԱˣһȻһӰ֮УĿ
һӣĸߴ󣬾һˮɵľˣұһڴľţ䲻
һˣ֪ΪΣоһϤϢϸһ룬мУûһ˿ģףţִ
֮ͨг֮ȥҲǾ˵ıӰˣк֣
˵ףһʱ˵޷ǾãһϤϢ
࿴ۣû뵽ߴһŮ棬ŮӣҲϸӦһϤϢ
ô
ͨˣãǾһҾ¥ͨڽСơ
桢ͨ⿿һЩȻ߶ƸظӦܲ׽Է˵ݡ
ӦϢǹȥɿڱռ侪Ƕͥǿߣ
ͥǿߣ
ոպһڲˮһͽ豭򷭡
һ̣һǸĿӣһŮ˲Ŀɨ
˸ϽͷĿߣ˿
ˣû뵽ǶͥǿߣˣǻͥͥҲΪضΪͼΪγԪǣͨҲˣͷŸӦֻĶ࿴ۡ
Ҳǲ̫ףɿ󣡡ͷŸӦȻɿҲӦС
ָΪˡ
ɿԼɵ˵˲Զͥǿʵʹǿߣ˾ǶʹǿߣǸӣˣˣҼܶΣ
ˣôɣ氵࿴ۣǿֻǿߣûơ
ɿ渵ˣǶʹһҲһǿߣΪһΪѾﵽλɣڶʹҲһִҲ£һ֣

ͨһֲмʵΣ
ǿλΪƱȲ̫潣ٱɹִһЩΪѾǿȥκɽ֮УͥҲҪΪϡ
ȷǸ֣ĪǸŮӣԪǣżȻ
ˣҿʼҲãǸŮǲǸӦҵϢԪǣе㲻ܣͨ󣬷ͥһֱƸڣΪȻǿ󣬵ͨ죬ôҵң
Ϊʲô
ԪǣȻɿǿߣѵôɣ


1945 ʹǿ
ɿҲ벻ףӦƬ̣޷˵ͼŶʹһ˹һҲõͼԹĻҲŸ˳ͥѰҵ䣬ټϾӡϣ˻κɽ磬Ѱǣ
ֻҪ֪ǶǾͲ̫ģҺڱ«
һϮ̫ôڷռ
ĻɿǸһԪǣ˵ͻᱻŮӷϢ
ɿ󰵵ˣҲĪ̫ɣ˵ʹˣӦв˶ܴܾͥΪͼʱΪƫƫԪǣ
ѼʱȻʹԭ
ˣǲߣ֪ͨԷΪġ
ʱߣǶʹΣڰǲǾУؼҪŪǺĿģҡҡͷһƳͷŸӦ˵
ӦԪûһ֡
û뵽ǣһᣬһʿԭҲǶʹֻ֣ǹ㣬ִæȥ
ʹԪǣ֪ȺˣΪݡʵԪǡ
Ůʱ¥㣬һϢΪ֪̽ܣͨҲԶһ䡣
ż仹кЩʿЩͷŸӦΪġ
ȻͷŸӦţƶŮһֱû˵ӦڴֱϣŮӼҴҶȥֻص䡣
һ̣漱æ֪ͨ棬˶
Զ䣬˵ߺܵͣǵϢȷˣ
ʵش𣺡Ǹۡһ죬Կ϶֮ǰǸӦǵϢڸ֮ۡС
ϧۡԪǺͷǿƿأǵĻͿɱȥϢߣ
ϴúܶ취ȥЩ˵ȷйϵۡˣͥⷽһ
ۡ˽ʲô
޽ɣ
룡
õԷ㱨󣬱㲻˵
Ȼż䣬ͨ桢ɿһȻ˾ȥעߡ
ҶԷأɡеԷһ޽ɡ
ˣûܼ޽ɣ֪ԪǣﾹȻа޽һۡ
Ǵߣעǳѽ⣬ָӦͷ״̬Բǧκһ˵
ߡȡ
ɿȻ羪°ͣ棺˳ڷȸĪȣҪ䣿ʹһΪ˵Ƹ׷ɱǺԨȻɹɽ磬˹ȸд꣬ûµķߣǲˣ
Ҳ˵ĿѰңɲǼ䣬ȫë׶Щձ
Ϊӡʹ˹
޽ӡˣ
ڣʱ˵ͥ꣬ϽǿͥҲ˶֪ĸ֣ǰòŴӦسûӦûδ
˵޽ɵȷûлǼڸ֮ۡУŰ޽ɣ²ãݾߣûץǣǸۡۡڻһ֣һɣ˳֣ʱҲ޷ɱ
ܲڸۡҰ޽ɣ޽ɺܿǵűǣһ߰ˣҶʹҪˣһ޽ܵסǶ˺úֻʶۡӦǵϢ͵͵ƤߣץˣǹͿɲС
ף͵ŻӦ
˼˵˼䣬͸ڷ
ֱ֮ŮӻִҴææȥ
Ůӻ㱨Ҳûջ˵ǸϢȻڸۡûг
ͨʱ棺ˣô죿ȻǶ뿪
ûŪĿģٵȵȣӦ׷ĳЩˣжʱǾ֪׷ʲôˣΪʲôԪǣ
ɲʱͷʹһ̿ںҪ붫ʹԣ֪ܶʹһЩ޺
һȥ桢ͨҲںϷ
ɽӡƸʱںֻ֮б«б仯ҲҪʱȥ֪
ˣ
һ£ż䶫ж
潫츳£Ǹ㱨ư޽ɶʱ䲻֣ԷƺԮ֣Ҫ뿪ۡϻطȣ
ɭ䣬ֳɱǰ޽ɣһԳ֣ȻԶأοӣдԷһһ뿪ԪǣȥǷţ
Ӧһ뿪¥ˣܿǸŮӸ˽ȥ


1946 ܷ
ͨӦֶΣ뿪¥ܸ̫Էпܷ쳣ֻҪϢһˣֻҪ뿪ǧӦΧڣֻǾԽԶӦ᲻̫ˡ
Ůֱ뿪ԪǣϢգľǷȡ
һɽȣ˶Ϊ֮ǰӦϢѰ£ԸӦĴڡ
桢ͨʮʯ²ӦȻԷɡ˵
ӦЦˣԭ߽Ӧа޽һܼһͣƻһʹӸúÿڴ󣬾͵ǹ
ˣ
Ůȥ
ʮ⣬պɽԶԶȥֻ޴çԭС
ɽ֮䣬мϿͨʿһﾭ
Ӧ⸩桢ͨӡ֮߳һοܣһߵܡ
ֶֺܳԿעһȷںϣߵͷΧ¡ɽ֮Уʮڡ
úÿܲδ֣Ůڼɽͷֲ´һٶÿһ
ɿӦں«ڿһУˣΪۣ֮Щκһһ
ͨһ麹ŨüγǾϰƬɽ֮У
ҲΪЩֻܱһҲ͵ϰٴιƣһˣ˲ɱĻȻһηˣߵܸһЩ
ɿ渵編һǿߣԻỨꡢʮ꣬Դܣܾ羫ƷԽߣʵԽǿֳΪʹЧͨɱпǶļɣߴܹÿһ𣬶ܼʮϢʮϢ֮ڣԱʵ
û뵽ܱôˣ˴ƿܣͿڲ֮أ
ƿǿеģҪƿشܣ죬ƿƷһ˵õǼħǰڴ߶һѣ߶𣿡
治Уˣ߶ܲӡǣҪͨԪȥƣʩչһܺףҲֻĸԪԽԪԽԲ
ˣܿܣʮϢң˵ѾǳڲޣʿԻָʿƿܣܣһ̫࣬඼һ𣬻֮䣬״߶
ɿͨƬ̡
򾲾ţ֪ģҲδ̫עֶΣԼòϣȻҲÿôҲ
ɿⷬͲΪˣܵһܣڹǿʱôǺܴģٱȷãһξͼˣǿַϲͬƷԽߣԽܴ洢
ʱŮӲú壬Ͳһɽͷ￪䴦һѨ
ˣͼֶѰһͼȴ׷ѰһϢͼƤߣ䲻ǿߣȴҲпܵõͼϿɣ
ã֮УԶԶŮԹ
ѡΪʹЧͲжģʵҲõͼɽǿ߸ͥпܣԽǿߵˣõͼ෴ƽ
ִܱҪǿ
Ȼûѡ񣬻úִ񣬽ץȥʵԸʱ˳ΪҵλҲ֮ڽڸҲװ
ָǸһʲô£˹أһ˼ѰһͼҲصõ
һСˣαظƽϣ߸ǰʵΪϲţҪɱ׾٣ҲЩֶΣܵõʶǵΪܳΪĸ㣬ĪҪѰһᣬЩϾǳء
ǣȷҪģȻһѣǵòʧҲܣ½磬ʲô겻ɣҪһС磬Ը˴Ͻ
Եûаˣɺǰ븵ƽƽԺԼǰɲپ˵˵һҪסø
ŮһζԻ֮ǰҪСġ
Ǹ
ԭܴ˶Իڶʹܣξƻû뵽һϤ֡

Ƹ½磬ɨλ硢λ硣
żȻ֪Ϣ滹аģ֪ʵûǿһ˵ʵնɱ


1947 
ӦǸֶΣҰĵļһ˿ֲɣԸɸ߿һۣ治ɵЩңڵһı븵ƸǶ£⿿ʵȻڸС
ˣ
ֹ˰ʱ䣡
ʱŮӶûʲô
渲ǸӦ潫ӦУû뵽ͻȻһЩϤϢ
ʲôϢ
ǴﴫתԪǷ潫Ӧ͸ʮ
澹ͬʱһˣǡ½ϢһǳϤ
ٸӦһҲһ⡣
Ϣ֮󣬲ʮԶգӦϢ˾ȻǷߣһϢ桢⣬һ𺳡
̲סƷϢĴߣһǴƷģ
˿ٷʮһ̣ӻҰɫӦҰ֮УĵɫӰڿգԱ߻һ
֮УϢд֮ͬϢƽģϢһ¸ʱʱ̿Ҫ뿪
һ˫üһ֮бÿϲƷ磬ˣˣ
ϴǲƷ磬ԺţԺ񣿡Ӧɫ֮У˷ǳʵòһĸ֮УиϢһɡ
ò桢޷ݵϲã֪;įȻƷ磬ͬΪʱΪɫ֮һ
񡭡
ԼǲǿˣٿһȷǷòԼô᲻ǵã
Ʒ磬ûѣĪаʦԪʶֵʶڶ֮ͬУ񲻵ţҲΪϿɵ֮һ
ٴ̾Ϣϴҿ񣬾ͬСԾյѡѩӹӵȵЩš
ѩ
һģİֶ
ʱ˿̣ͨӦ񣬵ȷǷϻԺϢԼƷ½ԴϢⲻм١
ɹɽ磬̫ˣͻɲãܴӵ̤ɣ̤ɣƷɽ粻̫ã
ӦѾȣڷһʱ䣬ȻҲ޽ɳϹϵ
ȻˣӦöԷȺ˽⣬֪ڷȣûڵˡ
˼⣬һϣη֮УܼЩˡ
ˣĿˣƺܿȦ֮ǰ·߼һ£
һ̣ӦһֳŮĮȻ
Ҳɣ˲ǴɾʥĿǸɣ
ɣǷ񣿡
˶Իһ˵꣬ı֣ʱһȻĿꡣ
ִΪǿߣֻΪһɣ
û뵽ģΪǶʹҪˣȻһߣСĶԸˣһ
أȴһ̤ɽ粻õɡ
ŮʣˣûɣҪԸǸɣ
д˸ǹϢٸӦǸϢͬһޣ˸ϷŹľϢǸ½֮УȻڷ鹦Ϸͬ
üһû뵽֮УɽϴµϹ
ҪľǴˣ˲֮ǰһֱѰǸķߣץȥҲҵȣ
ѾЦݡ
ʹһֱɽѰҡ
һȻһֻعˣһжˣƷԺһͬƿɼռ䣬һڲɽֿŹԺȻӵһЩϢ
һɲǣʲôˡ
ʹҲɿˣȻһõŴһбӡشҲŹŶԷϢ˿϶
˫ͻʮ
һǸӣڷ󷽼ٶٿŮѾ߷طһ˽ɽ֮УЩܡһʱ䱬
ҪشüͷչڷѣԺ׷ɱңΪֱɱҲԺܼȣ棬ͷԭ֪ͨǰ
ã
ͷŸӦһעϣͷԪ޵˵һǰ
˱Դɸոսɽھ廹ǧԶͻȻͣһߣǷߣһɵķߣͷɸӦȥ
ƺ֣
ִԾͻȻֺȵΪǿ֣
ǣ
󷽶Ǹ֣ԼŮӶͬʱͷž
ݣ
ߵܲӰɱһɱһ߹ɴﵽɾ˽·ҪɽĨƽ˲ն³ǧס


1948 Ԯַ
֮ǰʵġ
ϧֹɱתΧдΧ£֮ͷһɽһԲһڸֽ֮жȻͷų
Щ˵ǲֽڹϷһش
ŭգżͼһǰһγΧɱ֮ƣɱǴΧס
ˣڳ֣ͨæʵǰѾǵضɽҡɽǻɳ졣
ûгȥҡҡͷȵȣʱɱȥΪ˵ˣǿǧ׶⣬ģʱڴ߶̫潣ֻ̫潣ɿܣ־ǿǿ֣
ǰһ˲䣬һâһɫһķͶų˷âܶལ顣
â֮УһƿһߣͷߣС
ѾܵشֻɣͻɣֵɹƻпԣҪֵɹƣֻǧ֮һҲҪС
󲿷ֱ飬Χɳ֮Уˣʵ˹ݡ
ֳֻʽɽǸߣһ£Ȼ˴磬һɨˣǺˣ£ⷽȻԪǵؽ磬֮󣬾˹Ԯ֣
ʱһ£ǽ׳һȻһ𣺡˵вٱΪζ
ǼӦŶǳ֣һˣֳâɱڿ
Ц˭ǼΪôҲҴ⣡
ֵ֪Ǳǰ޽ɣʵӦ֪ģͥ
Ǵ޽أΪڶȡǳĻͼȻҲҶԸǣϻ˵ʶ࣬Ҳƴ˾ˣ
˶ҷȵĵӣ㣿
ǿ󣬿ⷽϾǷȵ̣ɱǣȫطѣҺΣ
ǱСƣȻҪ֣ҲǿΪߣ
ֳâˣɫһӱһû˿顣
ʱøһͻϮ
ߴ֮һץΧΪһԷ֮˷ɱһʱնڷա
꣡
Ȼǿڴ
ɱ
潣׹ɱˣΨһǿߣƱӳһƬâһڽն
Իл潣󲿷ֻââڲ

˹ƿ³֮ʣȻһɳڽһڹϻʽ׷ħɷֲ˫Ŵڽâ

˸߸Ծһââ𵴡ʼ顣
أ
ǿߣҲ߶ɽںϽƴɱâ
˿ڲɱһ⣬˺âһ̷
̫ˣһ־ɱУѾնɱ
桢ͨһĻš
Х
һɫƻΪ½֮Уˣɱһɱ籩ҲδռϷ硣
ಣ
ûߣǷˣߣҲܵش
ȥһ˽ѹһôڽסɡ
ǸӻӦһɱȥ
ײɱȥæֹ˶ɱˣֱŮӲס
˻ЦһΪ֮ǰ֮ڣնɱû뵽߾ǷߣΪûҸߣʵȻǾȲˣǰ޽
ʵҲǿͨԪ񡢷ҲͨɱԽɣû뵽˿ߡ
䣡
ɱգŮٴɱһ䲻⣬ɿֲһʱ佫ǧ׸߿û

ʮ⣡
ߣɣٶÿǰһʥһɰæٶȡ
ַɳͻȻɱһƬʵŭһڿʵĽǸǿߡ
һǸɴʥɱɽ̻Ϊ˽ɱȥ
ϣ·ĽȻɵɱһڿڽš
һڿڽɽûʲôͬÿһڷ·ˮ佽ɣʵÿһƷ·һռ䣬̺Ľ
Ǻǿ߲ٿأԽƵغһʱ䶼ǽݺ֮ЩҲֻǳԼߣ̫ˣǾ޴ǧ֮ϣֻ̺
ڨڨЦһ۷塢һʥ۷ߣܺһǿߣ


1949 ѹʹ
䣡
һڿڽУǹϣдкȻɽ顣
Žɲǣ·ƽߣٴɫ԰ףҿֻܽɽͷųȥ
ಣ
û뵽ǣɱɽһɣһʥȻ·ȥ
ʦ֡ƻΪǿߣٴһû뵽һߡ
ǣԷһɣͨɣǻԶԸ죬ղһǻܻţ漣һʥһ䣬ɷȥ
߲ɣȥǿͨ籨ţҾ֣ѵĲ֮
ǿͷҫ۹âһǰâһпռʳΪһ֡
ֻδӳһͼ˺ʧȥʱب֮ߣΧϮ
ǿ߷ץ⾹ȻΪһ֣·˲סˡ
򣡡
һͷŴǿ״̬һͷʥ򣬶ԿΧ֡
ͷųΧ֣ι飬û˿飬˳ױֻץס
дɷߣα̾Ϣǿ˳̶ȣҴ۷ΪԻɱͨһͷȴκβ򣡡
޷Խľ룬ǷԴɻɱһɣѾϧΪԽ̫࣬ʩչƬգκͨ޷͸һ˿˿ɵֶΣһ̷侲
ֲѹ飬ڼϢ󣬳׽ץסռֱѹѹòѪǱʹҽУѹž
ಣ
˿̣ǿ߾Ҫնɱ
һ󷽣ӱķΪ޷ߣֻȿ߱ɱȻֵ
벻ǣӰٴӰзˣֱȥ
ĪǻĿˣҲһģ

һ֣ѹѪѣһȷɡ
һԶʹǿһԿֲٶ
ĿǷ񣬲֮ǰߡ
¡
һȭɱڷΧ飬αѪǿǰˣƺɱԼҲǷȵˡ
ߣ
һ˻֣㽫һߡ
һ˸ں󷽶Ϻ󣬿ϧ֣ǿѾɱϷͷһɲǼ䣬ǰ
ܴһǰߣ
òᣬ÷˾ߣŭգҲ˭ƻҵĺ£͵ҲգҲգ
һ̣ҲŶԼˣǿҷȵѣ
桢ͨû˵ǰһɣһ죬ͷ

ͻȻͨڨڨһЦԱ߾ͳһӰ
һǣֿɲٴ߻ᣬ־Ĩɱ֮
ΧͻȻڣϷһָӡʼᣬָ׳˵
¡¡û˳ָ֣ӡƾͽ˫籩飬Ȼն·顣

ͨһβӰһħɷâ䣬Ȼ̫潣ֳֻʽ׷ɽѹָһȥ
ƺ̫潣Ϣʵ࿴
꣡
ʽɽȻָâռ䶼пһ
̫ͨ潣һ߳죬ҪɱҲǺѵģˣҪɱǣҪɱ㣡
ƿһΪܣ
Էһ̣Ҳڿ̫潣ϢһɣɵɫأҲץһڻʽɽ
ŭֻһɣȻܿһΪܣˣֶ˾ˣ谭ҵ£ȻһҲ·һ
ǶʹɲǶͥͥҲҪ֪ͷߵ
Ǿ֪Ƕʹˣ
ΪԼ£û֪

ͨ߶̫潣һܣݽȥƶħһƬɱ֡
Զ֣ͥûж飬˫һ֣ʽɽɲǷһڿڽָһһ·Ľɽһն̫潣
䣡
ӭЩ̫潣һɱŻʽɽײ֮˫׿ռ䣬ȻһЩŤ˺Ѻۼ˽ÿռ˺ѣɽռ䣬ôҲԳס𵴡

Ľǿ̫潣ɽ֣ΧռΪˡ
ٺ٣
ͨͻȻЦˣһ˫۾ա
ץһЩͻȻһ̫潣ڻ£һɱС
ǿߣո̫潣ɱѽѷ֣ͻȻΧ־˷綾Ѫ


1950 ն
̫潣ǿܣ¶ѪΧסߣһŽɱȥԷɽֲײƣΧ𵴿ռ䣬иһ˿˿ۡ
Ѫ޴ڣմȾ綾֮ǰ̫ɵҲһɾ綾ô޷ɡ
ͨ綾ͨԼƲ˵ƻʮ꣬綾ôǰռħǿʣԼħ桢ѪӤѪһˣųԽΪӵľ綾
ǿ֪ѪϢ֮ƤѾðẓ́ʵһǿ¾綾ڽʵչֳ̫潣ѪҲʱκβ
ͨͻȻ洫ϴնɱʱ
ȷնɱˣŷͨһ࣬һ̣һĨɳһС
ϤϤʶ
һֱڲ²ʲô˿Բż棬ð
֮ǰ͵ͨϢЩϤһ̼߶С񣬸зԼ
ͨٴο̫潣ҲܳϾ̫潣ɿܣѾԽΪ̫ࡣ
С߶󣬵̫潣⵲סˣƸѸ֮ʣСͻȻ޴󻯣ѪϿնʱ׹¡
ǡǡ·ʲôʱʲôطһĻ
ףϸ磬Ī˵ɱ˵

һɲǣһѪ֮б䡣
˿С͵Ϯ֣ѹͷԷԪ飬϶Ѫۡ
Сڷ磬ǿ򱶲ֹΪǿĽ
ҾȻǿ޷ۼƣɽ䣬ǰ㲻İ¸տֲ档
ģҪԱߣ
ͨס棬̫潣ٻ˸Ͻߡ
¡
Ѫ֮У׿ռһνըǿ߾Ȼ뼸ͬھ
Աȷֲ׷żѹڻ̫潣ͷŽڼǰ
Сѹǿ߳߶ڼǰ̫潣Ҳǿú˰ס
̫ͨ潣ģɫף綾ѪҲʧҪɱһɾͷ治ף
ﶯԱˣ棿
ʱСٷסʧ
潫Ϻڽȥʱ˫ͫݺһ໥ײ˾罩ֱһ㡣
֣ȥʬ崦ٸϽ뿪ԷǶͥǿߣɱǿɲˣ׺ͷʥ
˳ǰȥڷ֮У𶫻ʹǿʬ廹ڱѪʴͨʬȡû뿪
һλͬ飬һɡһʥҽȵ߲㣬֪
ϢӳֵĿ󷽡
ͨмߵȥ֮ǰǿǿ˲ߣˣ
Ҳǣû뵽ƽʱһһ֮ʣΪˣЩʹļס
Լ㣬Ѿ֮⣬һϿȲ
ű飬桢ͨһɣһʥΪֻɵԣϰڡ
Ѫڶ̶»ָ֪浱ѣͨóͨѪ
ӹҩʼмɻ󣬿ɺһţѪɲǱ֪ѪͨԸӲ
һṦ򣬷ͻָ٣ǰ£֣ɽˣԺɽ½ǿ׷ɱǣ߲˵пȥλ磬ҲԺԼִ˶ǿߣ뿪λ磬ǿʼܶ˶˵Ǳɣ
֮£Ҳ໭ͷ
ѳΪΪһ֣ͬ˵ŲԼĹ£ҪɱңƷЩͷһ·׷ȥλ磬ϧ޷κңȻҲмˣǳɹɽ磬ˣ˵˵ɣߺִԺӦƷһ
ãƻЩţʱǰ棬ʥϴڣʶǸɽ磬ľ
Ѫ֮÷״̬ԽԽһΪǰòͻɡ
λ磬ʱ˾˼ͷԺɴ½ԴץӤռɼƷǿˣ˸ҲʱƷ类ħʯԼսָ֮ǣ򡢴½һʧȥܶȥ˰æ⵽֮ˡ
ҵأִû˳ûԸ
ִ˶˺ȥæ飬ЩͷҲ׼뿪λ磬һʱ˭ȥŶԸڣ
ͷæԪִνЩͷ䣬Ҳ˽֮ͷ˭ҲûȥƷ磬˷ɽ磬ΪԼıǰ̣
ԺСԺ󣬴ԺңһͬⷬץӤǻӤԺ䡢˸߲˭ҲҿЩʵڿȥȥЩۣȥΪĨɱǸŭԡ


1951 ½Ϣ
ǾĿҲƷЩνͷʵ֮ǰͬԷˣ֮ʣǴͷԷɣ
ԭ걻׷ɱ뿪Ʒ磬ô顣
ЩνͷǲȣӦûᱻִ֣֮ݻ٣û뵽˸ͲⷲһСС
֮ǰΪиܣΪ֮󣬼ʶ֪Ƹһ
ȥʮǶʱ䣬ҲƷڰӣûȥսĻ𣬷˵ռӶԴԺִ˾ͷǣһʮһҹ֮뿪Ʒ硣
ʮ˸뿪
иͽˣһ뿪Ϊ˾һȥɽ磬˭ΪˣϧֻƷվ۷ʮˣһߣվʼԸʯԺҲճս
ˣ޼أ
޼ںҲյӣҲһЩǿȥȡ޼ĪаܣҼǵǸĪаѣҲһ̶ʱƿ޼ھǰ޼ڸرأ޼׳󣬶̶ʮ꣬Īаʵʹﵽͷ߶ȣ
ж˷ɽ磿
յѵȲˣǳսΪﵽ£½ͻѡ˳ɹ˷֪ȥ˺δƷ˲١
Ǻʱͥ
žƷƽٺ󲻵ӣƴ֮Ҿͱһɽ֮񷣬ԽǿգܿͥһӦʮִ֣֪ͥȣǰȣΪһӣ
˵˸֮УȻ˾񣺡ȥȣɶǷ߰һΪǴƷģһʣǴͬʱշϽ磬һƷ磬мԺִ˵ǰղһˣһɾԺ䣬һɽׯǰһߣΪӹүү
ƷߣҲֻ̫٣ӹӵ棿
ͻȻ뵽ӹӣǸԳ֮ţͷֻһ󱲰ˡ
ֵ˽⵽ͬƷɽ٣֮ҲὫ˴벻ͬͥʱգ̫Զ綼ͥͥͥЩʱ֮У˭֪ȥﲻãҲͽӣȻҲȣڼͬŷ
ʥص
ŮӣҲǼ£͵õʥһֻԵϧ컯ŪˣЩִˡ˺ΪС
ɺã
ִ꣬ˡ˺һ׷ɱŮкøУɶһ䡣
аɣպ÷ҲʥطԺӻùȲãǧɵӣҮʴҲȺʮȣ
һǵãҮʴҲǣҮʺƱնɱ˵Ʒ磬ˡ׷ɱң׷ɱңҮʴʹͷֻһС
㻹ǵնɱҮʺ֮¾ͺˣΪҮ޵۹տʥ棬պҲڷ֮УΪҮɼڷҲķˮ𣬱Ͼꡣ
ҮɼĪҮʴͻδǵڣ
ڣɱܵܣǹҮʴͱСһڷҾͺխȣҮɼӦţǰüң˵Һڷ磬ɽ磬һҪΪܱ֮ܵĻ
ҪɱˣǾ꣬ҲҼɱģͨһǳˬ
һһˣ
ͻȻԼǲΣ֪ڷ磬ǧͷɽ磬ǧͳԽţȻż꣬ѾΪһ޵ý𵤣Խɵʥ
ʲôҮɼں
ʣǧɡҮʴ͡û˷ȣ
·֪ҪʲôŻ˵ڵ޼Լ賤ǰȣϧڷûӦӺѹһЩԺִϷߣҮʴ˵Ǹڷ磬ԸԺִˣǶ˾͸ã
޼賤
쳣Ȼϣڷ֮Уһڷǿߡ
޼Ǽǰʹﵽ۷壬賤ҲţҲ⡣
аĦ졢ȵ
ڸֲ٣ѵ޼賤ҲһֻǱ֮븽ʱ֮У
ڣΪƷÿͷޣҮʴͣǼһﻹڷˣֶΡ
оڱ仯ȷˣܶϷһ˵ڣ½ΪУ޼賤


1952 
Ȼ뷨ڶԷ˵̫ࣺ֣ҴǷҪȥȣǿûѷϽ磬û뵽ˣôˣҸҪȥһ˷ȿѣ
ãҲҪطȣҲ֪Ժ䣬
ҿɹ˲ϣ
֣Ϊ֪Ҫǣ
ѣʵɱˣɲͨǿɱԽԶͥҲǶʹǿߣ֪½磬ǽиɽ米
ֻ֪䡢֪һĪǸƸղйأ
ǶԶʹˣǶʹһʿ
𣿡
ϸ˼֣ĬһᣬžĪǸ·磬ΪĳԭȥνζʹǿԪɱҵȣ
Ҳˣ˵Ҳ̫鷳
ѾɽϵһҲŪһЩ飬֪ԺĳЩϵǹϵģ
ҴСԺ󣬺֪йɼ֮УһУھʲôҵ֪
ţ
ⲻİü䡢߲ᵽƺƷִˡһϵ
ƷǸɼʱգǺܾһǿɱżǿɽ֮дţǱͥҪǿĴڣǿż֮УҲŹ½ǿõ
ԭˣô˵ԺеӣŹ
ԺִҲˣŵһ廯ԪϧƷЩʿƪż֮УȻҲԶһЩܡʹһһֱõŴУò֪úֶҵƷ磬ɸΪȥƷ磬õκα
ԭţǰ׻ˣ
ⲻ㣬Ժִܡ
ΪζʹҪǿԴˣԸһɣ
廯ԪһŲƪϾӵϢ㣬ԼҵĹؼҹƶʹӦûѰĳֶǶƷĳ˵õȻɽ磬ʹҲˣǼԷйϢǾͻ˹
Ūˣ
ţһ̷ͻȻУܵ
ǳ侲ûи߷ܣǶԵģ֪ʹΪӡŲϧ½磬һɽĻǺ£ҲԼı
ͻɫ԰ףһߣͬɽʱգԻܵʹӦ׷ɱ
ҲһˣʹҲܽƷ߶һ򾡣ҹǻԣȥѰĳˣôˣץ㣬ҲûѰҵĶһżȻˣ⣬տʼҲձ
룬ʹܻὫдƷ߶ץߡ
ҪӡҪҵ˾ɿ󣬻
濴񣺡֣ûָƣȥȣ
æҡͷſȥȣҮʴͻһʱ㱨Ȼ֣ɺ滹иҮɼΪǳ£ȥȾ뻢ڣ
ҸıòݾˣЩ˲ȥͷŲ£İɣҮɼκβңɽ꣬һֱȥȿ
им񣬵Ҫȥȡ
꣬һ̺΢ɾѪָһƣһͻһ磬̤ɶ졣
ͨȸ·ڼ֪Ժǿ߻š
Ժ䣬Ϊʥ𣬴ʿ£䲻ɣǴɣɽꡣ
޵ϴɾ磬һ־ɣɽѾǷǳ˲ͨʮУ̤ɾ硣
ҴҲʱ䣬ֻм·̡
ˣ
ۿҪȥȣȻͨԪ⣬һЩķա
ʩչǧʱܿ͸Ӧ޼賤ϢԭǸӦϢ
һϲ渡ּЦݣ޼賤̤ɽ磬Ҳڵһʱ뾡취ϵϧ꣬ΪҲңΪܽͷ̫ңԶ
ͻȻΪһƬԭ
һƬ˷ǧĻǻɽԭ
ؽʯΪںɫģɽҲԽΡΰѾԽӦ޼賤Ϣ
ںھ޴ɽֿ̾ΪֹȻ澰󲿷ɽ嶼ѩǣںɽγɷ·һֻĻ˸о̫źĵľͷ
ܿһƬѩɽണڻһЩѩһЩ쳣âͷš


1953 
һָǾǷȣǰһؽ磬бҪзƣҲѲߵѲ飡
ͨȽ뱦«˻һڣͨͲˡ
߶öɲòʼɱ䣬Ǽ򵥸ıòǿͷǾȻһһƶǶôµƤǲǻΪѪˮֱΪһӲŽ
񿴺󣬲̾ͷŸӦҲòϣûһ˿ߣ
ڿʼҾǷ߼ͷ磬˵ύɢ޷ߣ
û⣬ֻҪǷߣ׽˵꣬ʹѩ
ʮȺɽͻȻˣΪһƬȥʲôҲûС
ͷŸӦȴһںϣγһƬ˽ûϢƭ󷨰ˡ
߶ƣƬǰްճһŻ˳֣ˣǴΪ
ߣרŸ󷨣һЩѲߣƵݹȥԷǺݡ
һ˵Ƿߣ߾ͼʣǴͨ
ǰ˲ںɽһƬһƬһһڴأϢǳ䣬żһЩѩƮ㡣
ҲɹһЩ󻹲٣һɽ֮Уͼϣʯܣʿ඼ֶӻ¿ޣһЩͷӵйƶ
ֿÿһɽв֣Щǳ£滹иӦɾͷϢɻ޵Ĵڡ
ԭΧڵ֣֮һɽǸ߲Χɽ֮ͨء
ˣ
ڴʱɽʱͻȻоزѪͻȻж
زؿռһһЩѪڷѪ
ɽзһ̺ͻѪ΢΢һԱɽ
ѪϢ
ܵѪգȷļɽ֮УԼһѪߡ
û뵽սףɣӦˣɽ֮УһλĽѪߣϧϢǿѪѪûʮ֮һ
ĽɽƼҵķߣž㵣δ뵽ĽƼңλ磬ӵ֪ʹδƼҵԼˡ
һ˺αȥںԣĽƼұȻҲз̤ͥ
ŷΧɽԼʮɽһɽͣ£δȷܣѾɽ֮УӦһɹ̺Ʒ½ԴϢˣŹϢ
Ƿ
ܵƷ߶ɽһɽԺִ˷ߵǰǴƷƶһЩСɢ޷ߵ޼賤
濴ǰɽȻ׳ʮԶ߶ĵ£ܿӦ޼賤Ϣ
û뵽ɽ磬ϵ֣֮˷ȥǰԽӦǿϢ
Цε֣ﶼ棬㲻ģԺӣҲҪӻڷԺɫӣȣдͬоһ㣬ܶ˲òϵ
ɽͻأչǰʱ˿޼賤Ϣӽڲ
濴񣺡Խȥ𣿡
ԣУҾ֪ͨ޼賤ǣ߶ơ
һɭӸɽ𣺡һϵӣûҵ
޼賤λʦܣʦͨͨڣ
УţϢ˲ʧһɡ
ڷȣҲǸ߲㣬Ȼ½ߣκ֮ӣҲֻһӡ
ֻܵţһͨѩ壬ȣ˷ǺɽȻһƬǺܳ棬Ǻ֣޷ɭ֣оѱɽ
ɽ꣬ҲʶһЩȸоһ
ʱɽ֮С
ԽΧɽ壬һɽһɽȣϡϡһЩΧмʯÿһʯнӡ
ͻȻһ˷ʱһۣΧɽʯһɫƾһʯ׹¡
һӣҲͲʮ꣬磬ʯָһڷӡʧ
߳ˣ޼ʧȥұ۵賤
޼һ׷ߣһʮͷ꣬һ½ķߡ
賤Ҳ޼࣬һڹŽʱ꣬˺ԽԽᣬΪɽ֮󣬾ϴΪˣҲ»ָ۷塣
ⲻǷϻͯ
ģ䲻٣ٻû仯


1954 ޼賤
޼賤˿Ĭصͷ޼Է񣺡ʦ֣Ҷοʮ꣬Źȥʮ꣬ǣ
Ӳ䲻ȵĵϵӷ񣬸ղ˵ҪǣҪȥ
񣿡
һƺŪ׷ΪԼ
˲ͷǿǻȥޣȥҪȥǶһһǧƷʯܳȥ
賤ʦ֣ܲٵ㣿Ϲʯ඼û£Ƕϼʯֻһǧţ
ʯ´ȥˣԷ˿ò
ǡǷţٸʦ֣
УǶϢҪģ
лʦ֣
ĬĬͷȻӷɳ⴦ɽȡ
գ賤ϸ磬˵к£ˣϴ˵鷳ʯԽҷ㣬ϵٹβãҲǿ򱶣
޼ҡҡͷһ˫ͫ䵽£½粢ûٹϵʶѣܾܲʯܰǣԶȥ
ϧ޷뿪뿪Իɱͨɣʩչ컯ʬ壬Чʯǿ
ڲɣ涨ɲɳɽٰһͺˣ
Щ˸ĹǸҮʴͣ˶ųңǴ˰֪Ʒ磬ˣڷԶ޷
ֻҪһţܳΪɣȥѰпǰҵǣ
ֻ꣬ɽ磬Ҳ̫ùҪȣҲҪȺܾã
˰ţһһ䣬͸ŭ
ǱԹ飬˭߲㶼ǣܶϣӲùҲû취ǰ˻֮ʣЦ
ˣ
˲򿪣˴˷ɳ磬Χһ˶ûС
ҷһ⣬һͨѩ壬ȴ
˸ֶм˷ô˽Īһķߣҵֶһˣ

޼賤ȥ
Ī½䣿ڽǧ꣬ͽŴִԼƷ󲿷ƺܶ˶չչˣȥȻͷһԪ
㣡
ǰǳµ޼賤
ʱ꣬ǴӵֶֻԸһ̣ѾҲĵԼһӡ
滹棬޼賤ѲǰǸģ
һ˾ͱһɰ˲𣬴Ϥ΢Цˣ꣬ǺһƵģҲڵȵͥ

賤޼ۺᣬ⼸ȷһӣڷǶǾͷɽ꾭ǻŶһ
ϸϸһ޼賤۵¶ǲɼڷӹĶѡ
ò賤棬֮ǰƾŶ컯ϢǹϤϢֻһ˲Уſ档
ȴˣ
޼ҲʳڵʱԪͻȻǸıòܶǲ֪ǧ֪Ҿ棡
⡭˰ԾĿǰҲȷ
½䣿ҪҵʱǸӹһһȵģ
賤Է񣺡ֻȥ½һλѣϴˣ
Էƺںǲʲô֮ԱǺߵ㲻ǣҪҷȣҲߺţò㿼ˣʯҿߺЩ·һţӣóô
һԷû뵽ŷ޼賤ǰԷһ߲ЦͷȣҲֵҼ룿ʲôЦ
ԷˣôĿӣĪҵʲôɽǼķ˵ҿ۽磬Ͼ߼ȷܵãȻҷȡ
賤ɫ仯Ͻͣʦ֣Ѳ˼
˼Ǽ˼
Խֱ棺Ҳ֪ǷһĵĹأ
賤ͻȻһ£ʦ֣ǴˣһƷʯпģ
֣ʲôأ賤ų賤ΪԷһ仰ûзְ潥Ҳܵ裿
°йأ·߶ùȺκβڷУΪӵķߣȶȨ
ҲֻԪΪΪͣǰܶȣԭڷȣ°ǴɼӣȫȨڷȣ㡣


1955 ½
淴꣺ԭˣ·߽ԹȺ⣿ǿȨ統귲ִһøƨתкӹһɽȥ
ǵﲻ֣Ƿȣ֪ʥһɸ࣬ڷ֮Уɲ٣ɾͷüƶУ
֪ʲôˣ㶼춵סקߡ
һʯεǴ󷽣
°üͷסٴ棺һʯҾ͵ʲôûһǸӣϾ滹ʥʥϵҲ
˲޼賤񶼿棬ֱ˵ŸϿʯһ²һ¡
ҡҡͷץʯ˺°
°ʯ֣һʯҪˣ͵ýʯ
ʯ
СѲٴδ°ֻǴһΪͻҲкܶˣϢӵƷ½ԴϢ
ôòˣ뿪ԷҲˣֱӻӻô档
浹û·ɫ仯ҲƷ磿Ҷ½һˮʿαͱˣ
Ʒ磿Ʒ粻٣ǰͷɽ磬ǶѳΪˣһƷ磬ʲôѵ漸꣬Ƕṇ̀˵ǰкδɽͷ͵ֶΡ
޵ôɣҲûʲô˲ãɽ֮Ӧ֪һһ죬ɽҲ㲻ʲôֻһСԶΪڷȣһһ˵㣿

°ʱһڣ벻һͨߣ߲㶥졣
ǵôͨӣ̨
ⷬ޼賤Ļŭţǵﲻɸ߲㣬ŵһ޻˵
֮ǰ°ֻҪʯܳˣڣ
°ȻŭֻһֻۣһֻۣҲˣҽͿһʥʸ񿴲һɣ
ʦ֣ʯĿǰԴ˲С˹λҲпģûм棬һͨ˵ǰһɾͷ˵ûʲô˲𣡡
һ̣˳ó䣬°
ƷʯôʯԴɲʲô㹻ȥһЩĵҩ
°ŭ𽥽ʧУЩˡ
ⲻǺʦ𣿡
ʱǰɳ⣬λͷһɣһͼ°к
°˸Ƶģ˱ȭ֣
Է˶ּͦ⣺ⲻʥ½зĵôϵһ۸ڶЩСɢ޵ʿУʥŵĺܣҲҵģʦܣȥ֣ȥȥ
֣°֪ơ
ЦҸոյõϢʥǸʥӸԪǸ˷ɸ߲㡮ҲˣϵƶҪˣ
ˣϵ֮Уһǿ߰ȻˣҲȥ֣
°ʱմɷԶ
Ǽû
Ҳż棺ʥһԣʥʦ壬ԺʮǰĴһΪޱͨ죬ҵùȥ
ʵȥԪǣ޽ɸһɾͷһ֮һ
ԣ޽Ƿǿ֮һ޽ߵĺܽϵ޽ɾǳǱǼ汻ʹǼ˰и棬鲻ԣʥԮɾͷ뿪ȣȻЩϵȥв
ȥǣ˳֪ͨӣ˵ˣǣʱ˵ȥϾҮʴͻһʾû㣡
ףܿһ
æȥٶҲǺ

Ƭֻ̹ص֮ǰͨѩ壬޼賤ż棬·ֻصƷ硣
δʩչ磬˾ڻѩ·¶
̾ʵ¹ɽǻᣬǴֱȣ֪Ҳǻڷƻʼոϲϱ仯ûǿʵҲȣԼˣھǶ˷
Ħ졢硢ǰһͬɹˣٽ֮Ǿ벻ͬɽ磬벻ͥʮһȣҲ֪˷εأ
ڰ޼ϾһƼҲΪ컯ʵǿ½˷
޼賤ֱ˵
˷
Ħ졢硢֮УΪʹﵽ۷壬ֻ֪ܾͥͥĳС


1956 
ĬƬ̣ʵˣɳ½޼أǿ˷
޼ף֪޼ڹϵ꣬Ҳһֱע޼ڣϾҲ޼ڸĪаǸʵûѯ޼ڹȥЩرأԼ޼ҵб⣬޼±ȡ˳ʵҲǳǿȥ֮󣬾Ŵ޼ˣԤϣĪаһһɱǷ֮ʱĪаδΪѾﵽ۷壡
賤ҲҼĪаǸСӣ֪û뵽꣬նɱ۷ǿߣ޼ƽ٣ߺŴִҲ޷κǣȻһʵִ˴һ߶ȣ
ЩΣ޼ʵ
¹׷ɱ޷ɽٷֻǺԨǺԨ׷ɱɽ磬һСΣ޷ģҲһĥ£ȣҪҪ֪ǽ
뿪ɣȸʲôûйԴ٣ֹҲͦ࣡
Ҳ⣬ǣڷǣ뿪Ǽڷȣ
뿪ΪȲʺ
޼˼ҲҪ뿪ȡ
ȣȷûһøУ꣬û˿顣
ûһ˿ԥϵͷҲãǧ꣬ҪΪߣμ·棬ǧһʱҪִһʵԼ컯ɽ磬ִѣǸңкܴΣգƸǿ桢ţһʱʱ«֮ԴҲУ㹻Ǿ˵ˣ뿪ȣ
̫ˣִֿɽ磬ǶʵǿһٴγΪұۣ賤˿ЦݷԾ
ٴθһУ·ֻصڷ磬ֵǲŴӵͻɣɻһЩ룬ɼûԴ¹ٲҲ󣬱ԴУˣ뿪ȿѣ
賤ԵҪ뿪Ⱥѣһ⣬ҪΪɣӲԼûΪͱҺ°ָ߲㣡
ȻαػҪعأһȣҵδ
ȷаӷȵʸ񣬸ղ°˵Ϊʥ
Ѿʥ죬׼죬ȻǴɣ
ŷ갡ӵ̤ʥ꣬ԴҲӵ̤ɡ
ǱƳġ
ȷ˲żüãҲûκһˣᲢۣδһҪԽȣҲɽ
֮޼ûвգȴǰһ
ˣ
һԪȻһɽ
Ƿ񣡡
ԪƿأҸȥӣڽпУӲùҮʴͣǸҮʴ˵ҪΪ˫޶ӳΪſỤ̊ǲͬ⣬ͱҮʴùϵڿ۹ȣ
УҮʴͣ
Ԫһʱ䣬鲻á
ϧʥˣҲ޷ţҮʴϷҮɼһλɣڳɣʵʥҪǿһЩҮʴڵΪš
ҮɼҮ޼гƵġ
֣֪壬ҪӣҲǣǷȡ
ҲͰˣǾŴӣǾŴӣΪ˵ز
㲻֪ʵڷȣȻǴƷϲ˶ǴӾŴִ˷Ͻ磬ԣʵڷκιϵûãʥԺ䣬ƶЩչˣָŽҿʱʱ̿ΪЧΪṩԴЩƷߣ½Ҳֻǹ߰ˣѪԵϵҮʴҮɼѪһҮʴͲš
㽫ӿ޵ظңҪȥȥǣ
ʲô
¸ʮвٽ磬Ҫȥŵ
æȰ֣ɲԽʲô鷳ҡ޷㣬ΪҲһɣǰɻǸ֪滹нɡʥɣҲֻ֪һͨСЩǿǰɱĨɱҲ飬ǲϵӣǸȥıʲôҪȥ֣ǶҪ
޳е鲻ȥԣ֪ƶƺһҪȥǡ
ٴȰֻڿ۹УԳԿҲûΣգȥĳЩ鷳ԼҪҲᱻۣ֣ûУ


1957 
Ҫȥǣܼ飬Ҳлˣ
Էһȷ˵̫ʵ֮һδࡣ
ʵûлŵϰ
޼賤·һṦ򣬼˾ԾŴִΪϵɽ
һЩʯ賤߶磬һɵӳ֣ǽȥ˲ʯҲʹ򿪽硣
ܴӴϲŴϢʱоڷϤľŴϢԼִˡԺŹľ
ƺһӻصƷ硣
޼賤ҲִԽɽͷھ޷һ賤ǿ۹ȡ
۹ȺΪ£ڲȻ
賤۹רͷӣŲٴӱȥҪĥӣСö
ѾоϢ
ͻȻ䣬һ˫֮ͫУȻһɫ˿ߣȻ澭
ಣ
Ծɽ֮Уǧ·һɹɷڰƯ˸
޼賤ܲӦæ˾ʹ߶컯ЩɷϢ
ʥֱӴҲκβһ˿˿Ƥôɱ·Ҳ޷ͻЩɷ֮
֮󣬸պüһߴʬ壬Ѿһ룬ѣһ׹ǣѾܶˡ
ͷƿ޼賤ͬλλκ޷ֵơ
˳һʯѨǰͷ⨺һݣ趯צӣʯѨϢ΢ˡ
ʯѨǰվһӣӻһɣѨ˱ݹûг֣ŽζЦݡ
ԴΪȻκɷϢͻȻŶѨЦǿңҵĻЩȻŹǣ
һϤǿʹŮӣĮȻȵҪҵػţԸôߣ
εҲǮƣΪ˽ǰ۹ȺҲֵУΪԸ£
ո˵꣬ͻȻԱ߳ӰһԾ𣺡˭
޼賤ѣ޹أȻǮƣҸʯͳˣ
ⲻǲŷϽͨǺˣ·ߣؾͻָ֮ɫϳ޼賤֪Ǻˡ
һâķɳһö䡣
ԷУһʱЦݣͦ󷽵ģһ־Ǻüʯǵʱ䡣
հ֣Ŵ䡣
޼賤Ѩʱͷ⨺ȻŶ趯צӣͨɽʩչ
֮Уӣǣо²ûиıʲôǶûʲô仯

һֻ⨺ＸߣףͻȻתһ
賤󾪣һӵʵĹ
ССһ߳ûͷκƣһУȻо޷һ
治ûһ˿𵴣ﱻֱ飬Ѫģͷˡ
ǸֲɣõǸӣȻȥǼһĻ¡
أ
ͷ֪Ͻͬߡ
޼賤
Ҳڴʱʧɽȥһ˲٣ͷɢңũһ
ǱǰᣬȥҲʮ߰ӣ绪ïˮܽأŮ
֮Ӵ棺λǰǣ
ôʶˣıòӣͻȻԵڷŮ˵
ϤԼϢ
Ůڷ磬Ϥ
ͻȻϤЦݡϢȻһ£һˣĪ棿
汧ȭǺǣӺüԣû£
㣿棿Ӽһ˲𺳵˵겻⼸ÿ˶̫࣬ʱˣĪĶ͡
ٴδôˣϢҶϲ㣡
ǷȣڷʱŴִжд̣Ȼǵ̣ݣ
֣Ů޷֮£ָһ
âŮڣƣ˲ƾˣƤָ֮ǰˡ
ſű˴ˣ˲ָ
ˣԪҲָ¡
ξټ棬ǰڷ磬Ǹ绪棬겻㡢ǺεΪΪ޷Ϊ
賤޵ʥΪ
ʥ
Ů澪Ϊˡ
Ŷ갡ڷ磬ǧ꣬ɳ½ٽ޼ڣǧվڷ۷壬棡
ճ̾һΪɽ磬ΪӦò̫ˣҾûڷ㣬Ҳǻһɽ磬Ȼ뵽ѾΪʥ֪ӵ޵ʥǷҲҪ꣬ҲҪ꣡


1958 Үʴ
곬Խ̫ࡢ̫ˡҲţѿͬΪһ߸ϵʥ
治ΪȻҲ֪ʲҲģʥʲôɽ֮УʥҲֻǿߣΪɲһȣһɿƿһУ˵㣬ǳȥ˵
ȥŮˡ
ǲܳȥ
ȻǺµĲݣǸǸӡ
˹һϢ΢΢ͷţܽΧһЩʯ顣
޼賤һɲǣҲܵѹȣԪ񶼿֮顣
Ψ治ɫ־壬Ϊɣڴǰϡ
棬мǿ۹ȣκεҪ߲֪ͨȥǿ۹ߣҵ̣͵ҹƣһ˵ߣͿߵģ
ŵɫ԰ףڷַޣæʾ⣺˵ȷǿ۹ߣﲻӵгͷȨ
Ӿηʵǲûз߲˵Ƿ߽̤۹ȣʵ㶼ףҮʴڱҮɼҮ޵۹ʵۣǴ۷ΪҲҪɫԡ
һǰҮʴ⽻ƴǣͬ⣬ǲ뿪۹ȣ
Ҫٺôֱʵ
һʥܸʲôǸԴҲҪҮɼһɳɹǱȻǷȸ߲㣬һɣԼһͨʥһѡ㣬
ɰˣΪɣ޷ˣ
ӻһ˲䣬ͻȻҡͷ˵Ļ治ҮɼΪɣϣ޷죬ٹ˵أҽȵиˣ
ֻǷƵ˵Ȱһ䣬ǲĴڣ
㲻ҷȵӣǾȽзˣһƱը̵۾
⣬ڹâ֮пӣŴƣһƳ
ҲһӰȻȭͷסԷȭ
һ¡ƶײ޼賤ԪҪɢƵģҲëɭɭ
㡭
Ϣ䣬Ҳûκζ
ʧڿǰ滹վǶԷȴ˺ɣ亹һԾ
ҡҿǴΪʵ޷ѹһʥʿ
üͷѪӿҡͷԸоƵġ
ǷȣЩʧ·ʲôȥ˵ҪҪ㣡ͷһ潫
˶δӦƲײ֮
վںڰ֮еӣͻȻǷݲΪԹޣúãǸΪҪ㶷ȥҸԩ޳һжҮʴ֮£Ȼõô͵ԼǸ˲ǸãһҮʴȥԸ
ˣ
ͷԪȥ
Ϣ
ಣ
·֮ȻúƵģ·Ԩɷ֮ﳤͣû뵽ǿ޵еĴɣ֡
ӣҼǵӣأһжδƵģżѩأһ䡣
ӣڷ¹ѩһľţΪûм
˻ף㵱ڷս֮УΪǧɣħħǿ߽֣ħջʧܣ֮ǰ෨ңҲܶɽٳɹ
ϧˣҪúûţ㷨ҲţܹݻŵΣ
ֿӦշǿߣΪβѰǰ
·𿴴һУӦɽбȷѣڷأҪʲôʲôһԴǿԼȥᣬûʵЩ߲Ҳװ׸ԴһԸһĬĬСΣҮʴ;ͷҪӦҲǵ÷ǻᣬҮʺһֱ׷ӣҮʴ֪£ڷκӣڰȣҪӵһŮӣⱲӶԷ
λӣѾ뿪ȣԸ⣬Ҳһ뿪ǼŮ˷賤˵
һϲҡҡͷҪ뿪Ȳܣżȣû˿ȥǳΪǿߣ£Ҫģ
ͻȻת̧ͷԶ壺ֿˣǵˣ
ѵǣ
Ȼˣѡ
ಣ
۹ʹߴ·ɳȥһʲôҲû˵
ʲôȴˣҲûȥּƽϡ
ʱƷǳˣһˣиһۣϷм㣬˲Ǵɣȴȴɸš
Үʴͣ
Ӿӣŵò󷽿£

ضڰһ֮Ǵɣʥʣһǽɣһ˾Үʴֻͣһɡ


1959 㻹û
ҲǿҲͼ꣬ܳΪһɣһȻǱ֧ţȻ겻̤ɡ
ķߣҮʴͽѩӳ£Χ۷·սϼﶯ
Ѿڴ棬Ǹʲôɫ޼賤Ȼʶ
ͬʱȻҲȻҮʴͣȥ滹뵽ೡ
뵱Ƹ½磬òͶˣִ˴žŴ׷ɱҮʴ͵ʱһһҪΪܵҮʺƣɵ棬ܻɱͷŵûܵ
ȣҡһΪɽҮʴΪơλԽշʿ
ҮʴĿһƺΪ򵥣ֿԱ߸дɸ򣬱ĨЦ޼賤Ǻôĵӣǰ˵Ժڷȼң͵ù£ѵǶˣúãҾͺúʰǣڣǿн죿ҮʴͲͷϣǸأ׷ɱ֪Ϊʲôûɱ𣿾ǣû¾ڷЩʱ򡣡
氵һЦһһû䣬˵Ĳ˳ʺǻ۲ò
ҮʴɪɪЦĿں󷽣ҽ첻ΪģУǾ᲻Ȥͨ𣿿۹ζܰɣǵ˫ޡŮһܿǣ
ӣǵԣǱĳˣڿҲ͵Ϊֹʹ
Үʴʼ磬ҡͷƢϲ㻹˵ˣҮʴڷ統һ֮ɽȣܳԽǣұѪǿ֧֣˰Ӳ˵ʲôԼʵĽЩãпɽˣҾǱǿҿƿˣɱǣһӣ
賤һ󣬷ŭҮʴһƣҶǷߣͬһ磬αͱˣһ·
浱ɱҵܵܣѪһֱǵãҲɱǣǶȽ֣ҲøǷϻ콫ˣ
ҮʴĿʸâŷϣһʥе㿴ɣƷӦҲƷߣȰʶ㣬ҼβˣϽ뿪ȣ򡭡
Σվﲻ棬Խ¡
ҿԸô͹ʶȤ͸뿪ȣΪʥǾͷﻹдɣɾͷɶǣ£
£Ϊǹ£һܶˡ
ҷȷǷߣҲҪѾŭң
Үʴû뵽ʱ򣬻һǼˣȥʱðɡ
һһˣҮʴļ򣺡Үϵܣһʥˣ趯ŭ
һλվһĴɣҲǰⲻ֪Сӣ
⡭
һɣҲͰˡ
޼賤ӸղſǼʥʵһ߿潻档
дʵɴʱԷɣʵ߻ҪǿһЩʥ޷ɶ֣һ֣޷뿪ȡ

賤д߰ɣȱǣ޵ΪʱȻȥ㡣
滺ҡͷ˵ôߣʳԣ
ͥһƣͷһǿߣǲܶԸģԼ߰ɣϵԣһ뿪ȣúǰǷȣǶŸɣ޼һ̣ҲòȰ˵ͷ
һ̾͹ȥˣҮʴŲ˶ã磬ˣǻúûţܽˣ
˵ĶԣǷףշ˶ɽʧܣɽңܾ
ҲȰ
˺еҷ£
ƺûжҲҮʴ⣬ɻ߳һƲɫٲͷš
޼е㣬Ͽߣ
ҲмҪ£磬߰ɣǾ㣬ŷ꣬ӵʥΪ꣬һ緲ǰ㣬Էư˷
Үʴͣ
ڣȰ˵֮˵ˣһôҲ벻ҮʴͻǼߡ
Щ϶Ʒ½ԴϢȴûжԾŴִϢȻɽ֮Щ֮ǰЩɽƪѡһЩ÷繦𽥻ȥ
滺Цô㻹û䣿Ϊи۷ΪͿԺٻˣҽҪΪ˵иܵܽҮʺƣڷɱˣҾｫΪˣ
ãϣ˵Үʴ͵쭣ݺݵؿΧ֡


1960 С
޼賤ӣľͷŲǻΪѡͷһ̾͹ȥˡ
ǰ˹Ȼƣ֮ǰпȴʵҲǼɶ֣Ƿߣһȵ֣˿߲
ˣͷֻ쿪۾
λʦֳ֣ԷֻһʥҮϵܽһʥҷȴɵӳ֣
ҮʴǼ֮Уһɡһʥ
˴ɣΪʥǸȻҳ
ʥӾͲһˣʮӣӦҲˣѾӵλʥΪ
ҮʴҲôɳ֣δ࣬Ͷӵͷʦ֣Сӣʱȥúúһʱͻɣһֵܺöʦͻƴɣ
⻰ҿסˣԼˣü⣡
ʰһʥͬΪʥΪȫһӿٶȡ
滹ûжֱ˸ɣһģ𽥱һһ㽣ӡ
̣
һɶ޴󣬻δͷſֲֻǽ棬ǿΧ𵴡
ʥ죬ðͬȾ磬Ϊһ淴¶Ŀ⣬ΪͬȾ硢Ϊǿ߽֡
ȴᡣ
˽ҪٿһʥץסһԾ޽
ӶԷֲģָʳָδκιơͨ
С
ɡҮʴͼһĻЦͣһʥҲͨ
Ǳһ죬ʥʩչ˸һҲȥܣԽʥʮҲԼȥЦ
޽ն泤޽𵴶£նռǰֲâ˲䣬ͷһߣͻָһ㡣

һָȴ·ſֲȻڽնָ⣬޷ָն飬û˿ָͨ⣬޽ĸס

󷽣޼賤һ̣ԭֻ𺳡
ԭ˹ȻеֶΣǷˣ
ҮʴԱߴɣûгԾֻ΢΢⡣
һҲͷҲʥ죬ûͨȻ򵥣ҲĳѧŹѧ£˿
ߣеʵˣҮʴҲֻ΢΢ЦоʥʥʵҲ֮С
̫
ָ⾹Ȼͽ޽ĵס棬ǰƯڰգ˫ȻԦ޽ĵǿߣҡͷϢѾƷ羫˵ɽɽ޹תɽѰ󹦷ڷЩԸ֮
Է㡢㶮ʲô繦ʲôɽ粻ֵһᣬɽȻҪɽ繦ããɽȷ̫࣬磡
һ׷󾳽磬û뵽ƾĵģʧȥģʧȥ߸е繦ҲһָԽģ
ҵڶ

ԷȻţͬȾ磬Ȼ޷˵Էһָͷ
أ
תӥһ
Ǳָһ㣬ͽ޽ơٶȫѹƣþ޽޷Խָһ硣
꣬޽Ȼճ潣âɻ֮ƣɻգȻֻõƣɻ档
˰ɣǲ࣬ߣѾǷߣ㿴ʵ
ûͷֱֻͨǰ΢΢һ
䣡
ָ⾹ȻֱӴ޽ģǾ޽ǶԷͨɣ˲飬ҲôѪز
ӴˣֱӿЩɣʥɣҮʴͣҲԣƺûж£һȭͷ
㣡Үʴ̡
磬㾹Ȼ֮ǰܶԸɣһòʵû뵽ʵֲڰмޱȡ
ǷıǣԸ飬һûϣ氵һЦͿЩɱ
ȥȻ˵ԴСҲҪѵСӣ
һɶˡ
һ߳΢΢ƻΪɾʯ˲仯Ϊ촷ۡ
棬˲£ұȷɽ꣬û뵽Ʒ֮УʥǲԽģһ֪ƴɵ³
ԷǴɣ
˼ɾͷ˵ǴɣƽȣҲԶԿĴڡ
½ߣѾǾͷɾǴ֮еĸǿߣʥѾ֮еĴ˵
賤һƣͷŶŰףѾڲԪ飬˵һҪģ֮ǰ߽֣߲δʩչֶΣҲɱ֣Щ˲һǶҮɼΪһ־ɱУ
ģ޼֪ʱ棬ǵǸڷ磬첻µزµ棬ֻܰ


1961 
ѾϢ˵һ֣ΪɲϿ־ǶԣԪɽХѹ
ѾʮɣҲһ߳죬
ԷȻͣסЦȻһ˲俴ΪʥȷеҿǸҲͷαҪΪУҲʶȥͳˣαطҪҷڲ£
֮ǰǸ˵·߶ùڷƿأ˵ҾҲˣǼ˶ҹˣҪıǣһţ޶ԣ
ǲ˼ǷȣǵͺãҲɱ㣬ֻ˫ȣΪҲ㱳Щĳǿߣ
ʵ˫ȣҸǣ
񣡡
һһ⣬ʱҲǼΪ侲
ΪһߣһɣȻʥӵ˾˲ͷ
ﲻǴɣΪ޷ʥʿֻɣ˵֪汳һΪɽ֪һ㣬òСɱ棬͵һɡ
㰡֮ӦΪҮʴͳţΪҮɼҪͻɣΪһҪͻɵĴɣһɣⱾˣ
ٴʵ㵱治뿪
һ̣ʼͷʥƣһ㽻֯Ҫ뿪ڣְɣΪ죬ܳԽʥ
һƣ
ɹ϶ˣȻȻǿûлͷ
ƾƶƶһɽ
濴ǰƾһĻѹˣֻΪѾ־ѹε
޼Ҳû취ټ̣վֻɣ̫ңԶ
ȭںϹѧ
ƾƷϮһ˲չƱߣֱɱ
ž
ը죬ʥʵõ۷壬һ̣ʵѾԽʥ
žž
ȭͷɱƷ֮Уɰ֮Ҫʥƣȭûˡ
ʥ֮ɱУû뵽ڷ·ӵԶž֮ɱôƾȻҲ飬ʥƽһ

һһγ֮ɫû뵽ԼôȻܱһʥ濹סǴ찡Էֻһʥ죬ɶǡ

һָƣӴұۻӶ£Ϸ
̤棬ȭȫûκֻͨϣᴩȫһȭֱΧѪɫڱ䡣
һײ֮ǰƻδʧʱƻ濴ƲȭûȥѹΪ࣬ʥȭ֧ס
ܣʲô
ɿʼܻǴɣھȻ޷ԸһʥǴ谡
ɱһ֮ʣǲʥ֮УһѪɫ棬沢ǿңǻ֮оȻͻӰӣѪɫǺڱ棬֮
ΪһɷߣʲôûһĻЩѪɫĳţѪɫϢЩѪɫ֮н֯ڡ
䣡
һ˲佻ʮУѾʩչʵҮʴһɣҲͷĿѣ
޼賤ӶѾ£Ѫûп־壬ɽֵ棬·һĻ
ۣ
һ˺ȭƻ飬ѪɫɣһѪء
ˣ
һɾȻһʥС
ۣ
벻ͨ벻ףػվȣһӰӣٴѪ
渺ֶž޲ʥһͷ·δϿһ⣺˵ǰҲ޵÷޵ô첻ףҲΪֻҪҮʴ͵Ϊ
ԭʥСǿ󣡡
Զڿ۹´ֵߣһ亹ֱðû뵽֮ǰڹ½֣ȻֻһУȴסΪʵӦڴ죬û뵽Ȼ죬ð֪Үʴͣʰ̯ӣȻ³Ͳˣ˾Ĺ̥ȻʷϣҲʥܴɷߣδо˾һĻ
Ҳ

һ߳Ϊһ㣬Ǵ죡
ɶҮʴͲмͷҮϵܣͷıǣʵȷǿ󣬵ҷţͿʰ
лʦ֣ҮʴҲһǳףһࡣ
Үʴͣţ¿ηΪȴҲ˳ȥ֡
Ȱ㲻Ҫȥ
֮ǰǸǿߣȻͬ߳ɻ֡
ϵܣһʰɲҲƾǿ㹻ʰ棬¼вʵҲġ


1962 ɹ
治֪ҸоǸӲӣȥˣǸɷ·Ԥеʲô
ɻû·ڳЦͬ顣
ƺ˵ˣ˶㲻ãǸ˴û˵һ֣ĬĬȥһߡ
죿ǺǣǴﵽʵ۷壬Ϊ㹻ʵʰ㣡
ͻȻԼԼɫ㡣
ӡ
ʥΪ۷ʵҲڴ죬죬ʵѾԶԸģֶֻЦԸɣͨǲµġ
ݺᣡ
Էɱ˫ͻȻչ۰͵غһ
Χɳʮڽݴ档
Ѫ
Χɳһ㣬ЩŴЦͱһ̴𿪡
ǽ֣
նЩƨͨ뱾⣿ɷ̫ˣͷһɱ
һѾնǰ˫ɱһƣӡֲ֮֮˲գý;ȥ
ȥڴΧɽҲֲԼվ
治ϴӽӴͷϢӡΧһϢϢ
ɶҲ֪СǺεͨһ㹻ҪС
һӣɷԼԽԦͨͻȻʶʲôһ⣬Ϊһھ޽ֽ
Դ·ɱ飬ʥΪӲȻв۷塣
ۿҪǿ֮նɱ棬Χ˶Ŀת֮ʣͻȻһȭΧ㻯Ϊȭӡ˷ɱɱôһֲû뵽㻹ܱ仯
¡¡
Ĵɾͷк󱳣̫࣬ʵȻܴﵽλ߶ȣôɲѪʧȥ
޵а
ŵڶ߸ϴɾͷܣ޼̲סŭһ
賤ӶǰˣʶǸ棬Ʒ磬ԽţžͷΪţɽ磬Ȼᱻɽѹסâ
֮滻òͷǰǲǷǸ棬һʥУųϾͷ׵Ĵɡ
һ춼֣
ԷҲ˫ͫŴ󣬾һոհƤĺҡ
Үʴʶ˼Ŀɼܵྪ˴
Ѫ֮Уǿأû֮ǰɰܵһͿأϢѹסĿ⿴棺ܣͨ仯Ī⣬ƺ֮УȻ̺˴ʥ죬ֲǴɣǰ벽ɣһʥȻ־磬˾˴
ܾǰˣУϾͷ£ųƴɲǿߣǰҲֻʿˣʶȤȥҽֻҮʴ鷳սܴɣѹһ沢δԵöǾϲ
ҲʥܻܴɣȻúףһ֪նɱ̫ɡ
ĿƮԽɣںҮʴϡ
㲻ҷȵӣȴҪڵѵӣ
Ȼ߳һûг֣Ƕ汧ȭǾţҷ֮ٮٮߣ㻹Ƿȵӣκɽʱգκ˺Լĵӡ

ڴʱһɽӿһ⡣
ԭǷæ
ԶԶͼˣ洫֣ǧɽְɿɲǵģ
񣿡
Үʴͼضȴһ䲻ȡ
ǣ
˵ʲôſǸʥлѪĴɣԼվǸ˴ɣӵıһ𺳡
ƺԼװ׵һһҮʴǰԴ֪ƺһʥܣʵ޼ǲɡ
Үʴ͵һںͻȻӲɫЦ񣬿ʶϵӹأŸ߲ͽɣ
⡭һ仰÷ƿԣΪȷʿڷȶ֡
ҮʴͣˣǺǣҲȲ㣡
ಣ
澹Ȼһ󼲷磬Үʴ͡
Ӱɱȥæֹϵܣ򲻿ɰҮʴͱҮɼˡ
䣡
һֱۣ񷨱汣Үʴͣһɱ
ȴһƸ𿪣̺ȭѧһ˿Եֵġ
ʯ䣬汻ɹסҲٴ飬˺󼸲
ɭɭһȣﲻǷȣѾͷأնɱٲʶȤֻȷΪ
λʦ֣죬شˣҮʴ͸ղĺڰʥϣоԼǶѾ׹֮С


1963 Үɼ
Үʴ;ԼѾڹŹһ⣬ոյȷоʥɱ⣬־ɱ
ȹϵϣҮʴͷΧԮǸ۹ȴߣû⿴һиɣֻĬĬͷ˶ҳ
ۣ
ǰɣ߳һǴһνһ𵴡
մɱʥѹ˵޷ĳ̶ȣԽԼ
棬ҡҰû˿԰ԼҮʴĿУ޵еĴɾͷҲ޷ֹ棬Үʴ;ߺ
泹ٴοҮʴӣڷ磺ϼһҮɼҲȲ㣡
֣ǧɱ˴ˣɱˣȾԲ뿪
һĻ÷޼賤Ӿþ޷ʱɾͷСŰҮʴͼ棬ʱèһ
ֻҪΪ
ͷʥһץȥ
ƴˣӸƴˣ
ûҮʴ֮ͣУȻعͷ޷ͷƣһɽɱ
ͨɽ赲ңҮʴͣҪⱲӣĶ޷Ĩȥ㼴һĻ
濴ɽ¶ΪɭȻЦݣɽâƶ·ҪĨɱ
䣡
һƻɽâȭͷ֮£ȱý̰ͬѿȻɽһ飬˲仯ΪƬ
̬̬ʥ׿ȭͷһͨɽǴҲȭͷȥԸɽ
۹ǸߣһβͻȻ˿
ڷǳңûһȣͶ֣֪ͨҮʴԸˣʱֵĻȻһǱ³

ɽ֮Ƭ֮Уһץ̺ӡͽ֮Үʴץ˹
ˣ
ҮʴͷΧȣϧˣǱʵ𺳣˭ҳ֣
賤ͻȻкãҮʴͣҲн찡ȣԷ統ЩڣǣڷȹĲҲް
ڿеҮʴͣ죺賤ڵʲôأƽʱҶ̧ͷߣΪһǿߣ͸ţԺӳţ

һָ̣֮¡
温ЦݺˣҮʴͣһԵ֣ΪҮ޼ңһõٺôڵӦɣ츳Ҳ̶̼ܶ꣬ͻɵԭ֮һ
ô֪зʶ
ҮʴҲһ±ƣʶͺã´ˣǰʥҲɣɶǣдΣ
ʵУһֱһֻϣҴδУ㵱ɶ֣
ǰȻˣͷңҴˣһ㲹ҲƷ磬Ƕһ˰кܶöǰȻʵǿȴʥΪҪͻƴҪܶ౦УֻҪңǻɸΪ񲯣ʲô˵
ϧҪĶ᲻ã
ʲô᲻ãǮ֮ΪǰʲôԸ
Ҫĵ࣬Ү޼һֱ츳
⡭ҲܸҲθ洫֮ܸˣ
֮ǰƭң
ŴֿնޱȣץסҮʴԴֻ֣ʼʩչӡ
˼ʣԶɽͻȻӿһƬ·ĳַڰᡣ
֮һڶҶ֣ǷȣĪˣһʥҲţ
ҮʴץסݣС棬ңң
濴ɽһγܲ࣬Үɼҵܾˣ
ڵң⣿߻δ־Ѿ
ȻҮʴıҵѣȻҪɱִ۷ȻˣҾ͵ͱҸˣ
Ϸˣ
ʱƬ֮УȻһߣһߣˣͷӡ
ɣ濴Ƿǰߣ΢΢һΪҮɼҮʴһˣϢѾǴɣһɡ
ϲΪɣҮʴϲ
ϲҮʦ֣
˴ԼǸ۹ȴߣ
ɣ֮ǰҮɼǴ۷壬ҲͿҪͽΪľһ죬ҮɼᳬѴɣΪɡ
ʵǣһ죬ˣ
ѰҪͻɣ̫ˣԴҲ޷ﵽָ߶ȣһҪͻǺѵġ
һͻɣ˵ⷽɽ磬ǾȥκʱգκԻ߲㡣
Ȼͻˣ
޼һвɵΪ浣ģ賤ҮɼɰƽʱľͷʵȻޱȿֲģһأȻǶ֡


1964 
賤ҵȻ統ڷ磬κ鶼г߶ȣ㿴ûоţ˵˱Ӧ
Үɼͻɣһ죬˴˵֮еΪҶЩġ޼ĬĬĿŸ߿ա
ӱ˵ɣǼҮɼ֣Ѿ֪֮󣬼һ
Үʴʹ飬ߺ氡ˣΪ𰡣
ȻˣȻҪŹأҮɼԶ߿գǿ߻
Ӵͻˣ
һһŮضգԭҮɼƷһֶһɣ
һ΢ŮҮɼȻҲˣΪЩͨӣǲ̫ɾͷݣ
ߣ
ҮɼΪá
ಣ
޼賤ǷʱҲɳˣһɾͷˡ
ô£û뵽˫ˣŪףֻܰȥ޼賤
賤Ӧ֮ǰҸ˵Ʒ磬ⷽɢޡСߣҮɼǷִˡŴΪķߣ˫ȻƷ磬ͣ
ô˵ⷽɣҮɼһģ˼ˡ
ϸһӺ󷽵ҲˣǴɣһһŮһһɡ
һһŮɣΪʵҮɼ֮ϣȻ̤ɡ
ҮɼŭͷţҲ²ɣ
ֻǿ֣˳ǷذˣǸӵЦ
棬ңɰ棬ȴҮʴǱס
Үɼŭ𣺡СӣſǷȣҷȵӣһ˿Լ̤
ҲǷأÿ˶ΪʶཫҮʴͷŵȻץסԷͷ­û˿ӡ
˼˼Ѱ·ҿҲǷߣƷ磬壿ͳȫ㣡
ҮɼȫңǺǣȽҮʴͣΪˣ
ң
Űɣ
ಣ
һ˲䣬˵꣬Үʴɲ֪ΪΣоܿƣӿ
Үʴ˫ͫһǸо˲ؾӿ֮뿪壬ģģȻһɫУڲһ
أ
ɣҮʴʹ֮£ֻǱʶҽС
ң

ǧףҮɼɽ·û뵽澪ĳҮʴϢɵһĳɽɱȥ
ʩչʥ۷ٶȣץסҮʴԴһ֮ǰǴ˲䱻ɱУʼ𵴡飬Χɽ˶𵴡
ˣҵɶҮʴͳ֣ⲻս˽ˣ
۹ǸߣǰըŵüæܣܵҮɼŭ֮зա
Үɼ֪ˣͻɣҪΪƿأ˰
һɣһǿڿ֡
һ̣Үɼɽ֮γɾ𵴣ɽһЩͷһʱ䣬һЩһЩʿ֡
ЩΪͨȻܿҮɼɡ
̫ˣ㣬ż갡Ƿֻ缸꣬ʱ棿ɿħɷͨˣ
ҲΧȥɲ뱻
ʵҲû뵽нֳɾ֪ͣʣɽҲǲߣ˳Ѿģڷ磬йܶνӴӸ˽档
ϡ棡
Ϣ֮
֮УƯȻδ˵֮µҮʴͣȻѾ
ҮʴԼҲʶʲôȡ
㡢㾹ҽһΪҮɼΣҲҪɱҷȵıӣǰҮɼһ̿Үʴ³֪һˣûһ˿ġͬ飬ϻģΪӹҲס
һʥô˵棬ɱԼ
ɰǱһʥڴȻ䲻ӡ
ҮʴͣҲɱ㣬֮ǰҾ˵Ҵûн㵱ɹ֣ǰûУԺҲУûз𵤣ӽԺÿͻһ綼ѣҹţⱲͻƽɣ𵤶ܣҵģһףҮʴ;һҮɼ
ҮʴͿɣϵΪȥԶķ񣬴ӿʼһζ洳֪ǿԭһҲ˽⡣
賤񣺡ǻãɱܵҮʺƣûɱҿҲһƷ壬ڷƢԣô˻ŵĻ᣿
ұ𰡣
ֻҮʴ


1965 ֮
ҮɼڶĿ£棬ϢͷţͷŰƣΪһƬʥ⡣
âʥҮɼ·Ǹ߸ϵ½Ҫ档
Үɼ࣡
һЩԶͷŸӦҲΪƬâ𺳡
â֮гһЩսԽԽ࣬սһˣЩҮɼһģһ·
ŮӣҲЦҮɼֻǶԸһʥˣûҪŪɣǶ֪յ࣡
¶̰Ŀ⣺ࣿҮʴͷ࣬ҽ𵤻仯Үɼɷ࣬򡢷඼һδɱ䣡
ɺʱҪˣ
ɽ֮䣬ָǿ־һʮɾͷ־Χ޴
СӣҪ֪ȵȥɣ˵ʱʱ죬ˡ
ҮɼһָΧâ֮УЩսһ߳
֮ǰֻϰٽˣڲһˣ߳ϰˣֳϰˡ
ҮɼջӶһѹֻһսžડžષɳ۶սձۣҮɼһĽˣսͷ

޼賤һѾϢ
ѿĿɿڴɴͨ·Ǵ𾴡
ΪֻеࣿҲУ
˶СʥҪսײ顣
ȻΧִɫâչ֮󣬴ӽɫâ֮гһͷޣһͷëͻ
ôǸʥߣҲеࣿ
ĳַ࣡
ǿ־ܳԾ
䣡
ɲǼ䣬ͻ˳սվһȭס˳ͻһǸ壬սײ
սҲʡ͵ĵƣһһǰͻϣһѺۻ𻨣Ǳ
ĿתնսһǷͻ
ͻӺ󱳿ʼһ˲ѿ弸ضϡ
淨ͻҮɼ
Ҳ˵淨Ϊʥ߶ȣ޷Խɣս쾳ľͷ
Уͽ氵ͻ飬Χ˿Ѿ϶ʥԶ޷սɡ
ΪʤߵҮɼȻЩԾû뵽һʥȻ֮ܽյ˾˵زΪα㷨ЩϤ
ȻҮɼͨ棬Ѿǲ˼飡
·ԶӰоѡ
ɫһ̣ƽ٣ӸտʼܿɣܴɣΪԻɣԺϷκ£Ҷ⡣
ף㣬Ϥ֮ܶ࣬ǰһϣ߲ͷ˲û뵽߲㶼κβװ׵һû뵽ŷʵǿ˱̬ز
Ȼֹۣղֻǿɽ棬ҲҮɼɾͷ棬˵뿪ʱֶ˼ء
ϸ磬ʹ찡ǰܴɣַҮʴΪģܶԿɣͺڷ磬ԷΪһģһˣǸһû䣬ңڷǵƢԣ
賤ɫδõ⡣
ղɽ棬ϢΪ֪ɵĿֲɾɽ֮Уס
⣬ҲУΪΪϿɵˡ
ܰܣ
޼˵ǰҼΪţ޼䣬Ǹֵ޼ʥǧ޼ںŴִ˿⣬޼ưһ½ɵԷ˶ˣսɣ޼ʥҲ֡
ʼգǾͲӦûȻǸ緲磬԰ȻĴڣ뵽ɳ½һĻĻֶԸִˣ賤һ̷·շ粻Ӱӡ
桢ΪΪұ𣡡
ҮʴͱһֻסָһЩɣѪ޲汻ʬ
Үɼվڽɫ֮УսͷʱɱһѹʵҿãƷʱ˸ţķĵںδ˵ϷʶǰЩ
ĮӦԣΧںѾﵽʥ۷壺ǸɢޣҮ޵۹ֹȥҲûоŴִ˵̣Үɼҿ̤࣬ɵɡ
ʮ꣬ǼӵзǿߣӦ࣬ȴҲ̺һЩϤĵ÷࣬㷨ѹҮɼӷϵ࣡
ˣ·ҮɼΧɽХ𵴣ǰ׽ɫǰһٶˣʼԦսףǳսʼһֲ߳Ͼİ


1966 Үɼ
һս׽ˣܽ淨飬ôˣԵֿ
¡¡
սʼɳۣ̤ͬ˷ϼ飬񷱯룬ʱնϵǰ
ԣһǰ޹⣬ɽ飬ضսۣ˷߹ս
Ҳ级𵴣ܶĿ£ɫ֮Уɳһɫս죬ս޷һֻֻѹɳ۶ս
䣡
սһ˽棬Ƿࡣ
ɫսɱȥǰսˣۼֿһ㣬ɱгһͽɫս顣
ɼ淨ȷ£ʵ̫ࡣ
ںɫս첻ӭȥ˼Ԧսɱһһս죬ս̫࣬±׻飬սҲƬ𵴣ϰټԦսĽˣǰٶܵơ
Ⱥɽ֮УǾɱХ˹սƮս˻
Щͷ־ǳĬ
Ǵ඼ɣҲǴɣʮʮҲܿɽȸ߿Ƿཻ棬ҮɼĵǳԾͬʥķҲһǡ
ཻ治ͨͨԷӡʱʩչǷһ츳ʩչӵӦ֣Ȼõ£ںϣΪϷ
Үɼ棬ǿ߶ϵĲһʥȻ÷õܶԿɵĵز
֣
һ㣬û뵽ҮɼΧɫΪһһĽ֡
ֳ֮Үɼһָһִָͬ˲ɶѹͣתֻ֮Ҫͻ׷ױ顣
㷨ʵɣ
Žɱͷżͻɱȥ¡¡𵴣ͷͻ˲䱻ѹ
Ϊʼŷʥȷ޷ɽ棬ǿʵԶԴ죬죬ȴ޷ԽɶԸɣ
ʱڶɱսסɱޣ׷顣
ͻʯһڽѹ£˲飬Ƕ֡
֮ǰһսܿżɱⷽͻ飬ս벢˾ٵż֣ȫѹ淨๥ơ
ɱˣ
һ֧սʤţɱ
ˣһʥֵزѾҷȣδţδһӣⷬ漣ʥԿɣ
оͷڵ̾Ϣ
󣬶Ϊϧʥʣһɣ˵ͿԶԸһҮɼ
ϧû첻һᣬɳɲҮɼ
Ҫսһ̣
賤汻ӱƵû·޼ֻ֮Ըɡ
޼Ҳ׼ȥսɣ
Ī黹ûеǵز
û뵽ԪֱӶƶʥ־޷
ɱ
ڷ֪Уͷųͻ
֮ǰûоһ̴˶
εࣿȻܼԦ
Ҳֻһͨˣ
˱𺳡
һҮɼҲ֪ҪƴˣֻһЦ
¡¡ٴɱһ𣬽ͻͻҲͬսסˡ
ⷽΪһᣬٷ๥ƣǼֲ֣ҲǳأȫԸԪ񡢽𵤡ĶԿ
ۣ
з๥ƶǶ֣ɷҲ淨һͬ顣
ŷɣѪ
ˣ
ܸɣ
ߣҷȣҵӣһˣҪΪѹٿ۹һӣ
ಣ
Үɼһ̣źƣԼϵ֣̤ɱ

޼賤޲óȥ
ߣ澹Ȼ֮УֻǵһЦ
ҮɼȨãס֣
ͻȻ䣬һߵӷ·
ɱ
Үɼɫһ䣬Ȼûԥɱȥ
ҮɼĻ㾹Ҳ
ǸȻ䣬֪һһƽâԶ޶Үɼת˲䣬Χغ飬ҲóѪ
һɣһɣҲǾͷô־׼ͷŸֶΣԸҮɼȴŽֲ顣
ӱ
ԶһƲʣȻΪһͻ
ͻ֮ϣǼӰڼԦƲͻͻƲͷϼ⣬·
ͻƲɲǽƬѩ壬ϼ磬ڳʿЩǿߣ֮С
ۣ
ҮɼŷΧ飬֪ǱѪܵ𵴣Ǳ
ǰƬͻƲʣͻϢĽ籾ԴϴѪĦһӦþǴĽɽƼǿߣ
ߣǴĽƼǿߣѪĽ½ԴϢ١
Щˡ


1967 ĽƼҾͷƳɽ
ְҽȣ;һɽҲоĽϢӦþǴɣ˾һԽɵĴڣѾ̫潣֮ҪǿĶ࣡
ƳɽϣһǰǿɲǴƷʿλĽ磡
ΪδԶ
˭֪֮Үɼ鷳ˣǰ޷м
һЩǿߵ˵
ÿ˶ЩǿߵĻֻҮɼװûվֻѪ
ϣ
˽ǰ
Ƴɽɶһ׷ߣۼһߣһɨߣµɾ̵Ͽһۼ
û뵽գƳɽҮɼͶȥĿ⣺㲻֪³
ˣҮɼռʵʵ
㷨࣬Сʩͽ䣬ӱ㳤ԣԺȣ֪򣡡
û뵽Ƴɽһ˵꣬ǹž޲˫ۣ΢΢ͶȥһŤۡ
ۣĹߣȻҮɼ˺һɣȫѪģ
ΧʿһĻĸĲ
ҮɼȻվֶƳɽ
ƳɽֶҾͿǵЩѷϣŹΣɢ˰ɣ
ǣ
ΧʿϽȥҮɼҮʴͼǼ˴ɡʥҲбܽһϽ
棬ҡǾôˣ
Үʴһ˫ĵ񣬴Ӻ֮лͷɽȡ
ֻҮɼǱ˵Ƴɽǵ£ʮĴڣһΪԽɣߣҾ꣬ϲ꣬пܲ۷壬Ǵ˵֮еϾ磡
Ѫˣ
ˣ򵥣ǵ˲ƳɽһԽɵľͷ棬ֿԣ޷ԸƳɽʵֻҪԸǸСӾˣ
棬㻹а취Ҫǵ³棬ӣ
ΪһˣɣǷǿߣ֧һ˷ȷΪһʥΪһһ죬ȥһµжԣ

ŰɣڶҾȻһʥг˴
һһٰк޲ýȡ⣬ܻɱ⡣
ϣ
ʱɽ·Ƴɽء
޼賤
Ƴɽﶯ˱㱻һٿɣһˣһȴǳᣬҲͶʮӣһѱ
쿴棬¶̾һˣΪǴĽģ
汧ȭǰһǿߣԽɵĴڣҵҲõϿɣǣҲǣĽȥ
ɽƼҵˣһʵ
ƳɽҲʣƣ
ɽȥǲƼҵˣҲƣƼѾûйϵλǰƼ棿
ƼҵˣղʩչͨƼѪУҲƼѪѪ㲻
Ҳƣ
ѪһģղҪֺη
Ƴɽ˵¶΢Ц
⵹ǽ˵İ޷Է˻ʵ²ƣƼѪУ޷ıġ
Ľ磬֪Ħ죬Ϊĸ𣬴ʱʼƼûйϵû뵽ȣƼҷߡ
Ƴɽְס򣺡ˣһѪУһ˰ɣȴӴ˾ļңԺˣ
λϵ°Ѿͨˣû뵽Ľһйϵ治賤ܲѡ
·ת֮ǰǶΪ޷뿪ȣ޷Ըɣ֪·ɱһ£ϵһ㡣
һˣ޷ı飡
λҲ˵ƼʮǰķߣǼǰƼ峤һߣʮʮˣϧܻҲʮˣܻȲס
ƶףҲҪһǰǰƼ峤ʮ򣬹Ƽ񶼹ȥü峤
ƳɽˣֶԿˣǸˣߣ꣬ƼҴϣ꣬Ѿ̤ɾ磬ǸҮɼ츳ʡʵǿ̫࣬ҲƼڷȣп޵߳ɾ͵һλ
ߣ
濴ߣ˵ϣֻ꣬Ѿһɣɽ֮У󲿷ʮ꣬޵ɶˣ޵ɣ˷ߣЩʳڵ
ҲƷɽ粻ãλʥҽƼѪõ˲زɺɣܴɣߴӲˣڶҲһȷʱΪߵˣ汧ȭ
ܸоǷԷθ
ƳɽˣȥƼҵɣ⼸λʿ


1968 Դ
ԣȣΪӵģֻλѣֻڷһʱ䣡
Ժ˵ǵⷽɣ϶ȥԺƼҵλƶ׵˻ס
޼賤һԼѣϽ
һṦƼǿһɽ֮ǰŷ·ɽ
Ȼͷâ˴â磬ǰѩ뼸ѩȡ
һȣһΧʮССʯǷ߶
ɽȺǼžֻܸоһЩ֮УмطûκϢ
ߴ޼ˣȥѡʯϢƳɽƶһʯ
ʯһʯʡʯʲôûУʱ淽֪Ϊޡޣ˼򵥻֮У벻ǿ󶼲С
Ƴɽ£һһ߳ˣ߶ǽɣʥмˣ󲿷ֶǴɣԼɡ
ԣƼһ֮УʮߣҲƳɽΪǿ󣬳Խɣǵ£ξƶǿ⼸ʵҲ
߿ʵڼ֮Уǿ󣬵ᣬ츳Ʋ֮ͻ׷Щɡ
һ棬˵½ߣɽƼҵ£Щ˶ǷϵĴڣᵽƼЩˣ治ûûм
Ƽ峤죬ڳʮʿûһʶȻǷ̫ãЩˣ꣬Ҳܼǡ
Щ˸澿ǲƼҵˣô꣬Ҳоÿ˶ӵһѪҲû̫࣬˵Ʒ糤ԼƼһЩȥ
˷ǳȻû뵽Ƽڶ˷˼ţ꾪̾ǰţܷɽǲףڳκˣǧա
˾˺ܳʱ䣬󲿷˲ȥ
Щ֮УҲ֪ĿǰһЩ
Ⱥܴɽ̫࣬ǧ֮࣬Ǵ½ģͬһ磬з߶ۼͬһƷ硢ִˡĽ֡
֮иҲڷδ̤֮ǰԴһЩƷʯɵȷ̤֮󣬷Լȥ
е󲿷ʿڿ֮УڷȣԼܶʿͬʱ֣ĽһߣƼң⴦ٶˣƳɽ֮һϾԽɣǱľͷ
ƳɽԶţƼҷȣ԰УõԴţܴ꣬ﵽɾ磬ٶڷҲ̫ࡣ
Ȼ濴ȥ򵥣ƳɽҲδ˵
뿪ƳɽֿʱԷԴؾˡ

һʯϢ޼賤Ѱ
ãǸպʱ䣬ڷȣҳȥ
£֮ǰڷȴͬǿڰ˵ѣ뿪ֱõĴԴѡ뿪ҲԾܲʱʱ̶̿ڱ«ռ䣡
һĬѡ
һʱ俼ǣ޼˵ǲɣѳΪʥͷǲ̫󣬸У˫һۣȻĿǰڷȾУǾ޵ýɡʥΪٳȥ㣡
賤ҲͷԣǲӰԼҲʲôԣǸֻ㣡
洷֣ôˣǧĿ·Ϊǧ̤꣬ΪĿ꣡
һԼΣǧ̤ɣ˾ٶȣ
ȻܣĿǰ컯ڷѽɸ߶ȣΪһʥɡǿʬ壬ΪѪǷѪ͵ǿ߾
ɡʬ壿
ȻҲǻʽ׷ʥ׷ˡ
ʽ׷
˻ʽ׷ҲһЩ˲ιҩʯ㹻ǧС
ʯ
˲ιҩǶǴ˵֮еĴڣ
޼賤ֻͬͣɣɽ֮еķˣ˲ιҩǶľ
ǾȻֿɵá
һν澪ΪˣҸоɽ棬ȷʱڵ棬Ϊ
Ƚ컯ǣ
һ²˳٣ʩչԪط컯ķͬʩչӤħ̥һֲԪ֮С
һ컯ӡԺ
޼賤ں϶컯òڱ«ռڵͨռһЩʥѪԴ


1969 
ʩչöɲһ̫潣ɾͷʬ徫سΪǿԳɾͷʬ壬ͨҲ
ͨǴ죬Ϊ棬ʩչ컯ҲչȴӵͨۺȻͨ
֮Ŵϳһ־ںϵҩ֮УƳϰٿ̺ɾͷѪ
ЩѪͬɽ磬ȻѪȷ磬ᣬǿ˲ιҩĴڡ
ͨҲԴ׼ãö佻޼賤
һ죬Ҳӡ
Ҳ޼賤һѡУҲ׼õԴָˣȻû޼Ƕ࣬Ҳ㹻Ůǧڣ𵤣ɾͽɡ
ΪɣӵгΪͷĿܡ
磬Ϊβ
ڣӴԴϲȥͱ뿪
ȻΪ治ڷȣ԰ǧꡢ꣬ʮ꣬һΪ޵ǿ
мƻܴڷУ
·棬ҪȥʶŴ̨Ҫȥʱʱ̶̿ΪϹ
ѾֻĬĬĿȥ
ص㿪ʼ÷ȻȣҲһʱ䣬һǿʵһҲһʱ䣬޼賤⣬ܰæ
ڼƶ̽һΣȻԴûҪƶҲ޼ȥһԴ
ⷽɽĽϢֽϢҼǵӹӡ¹ͨǧĺѩͶͻӣ
дǧʱʱĽ粻ʿϢ֮ƯֽʿϢ뵽ˣͨǧĺѩͶԭʥΪ𸣵غĵӣͶֵ۹ͻӣͻΪӦҲɽ磬֪Ƿȣͨǧĺѩӹӡ¹ţҲӦʱͻӷ˺пһɽ磡
ǧʱͷųȥ潥ӦĽϢ
ҵˣǧĺѩͨӹӡ¹
Ϊ¹Խ¹ȥڣӹˣҲ
ȷֵ۹ǿϢûͻӣҲͨˣ⴦ɽ磬ûзȥɽ磡
ûжٷֵ֣۹УȴûҵˣطȻз֣û뵽֣Ӧֽ糤ķߣСǸ֡
ֵ۹һЩǿϢ֮У淢ּϢ⾪ϲֽСǸߡ
ϧϢȻϤȴֽӦЩǿߣˡ
ˣ
û뵽һƺƵĸӦ֮ȻǼϢһһŭŮԪ𵴶˭Ұпҷ

ӡӦһȻʩչǧʱһα˲ԷӦһǳǿߣܱĪʯйϵЩߣǰֽ磬϶Ҳʯף
ܿ뵽ԭʯ׵Եʣ
ʯڲ־ᵽʯ׵ػߣҿԽ嶼£ͥҵ壡
ݳСûУܿϧ
СΪǿߣӦҲѾɽ磬ȥɽ硣
С䱻ĨȥƾǼСҲټңҵøǿ󣬽ȥͥʵΪСָ䡭һȥС
СϹݶеʹԽ룬ħûϮ
ҴҼ
ɽ⣬ߣ޼賤湪㻹ҪأһҪ£
潻ڷȣҲкôΪЩ˷ɽ磬ػѰǣǧУҲҪעǣһ˽͸ԴΪϴ裬ǿ󣡡
޼ͷǲ֪Ħ졢硢ȥ˺δģҵȻȺǣ
ಣ
ʱӰٷ
ͷƳɽƶסȻں󷽡
治Ƴɽûأͼæʵ
ԼкøУٲĽǸƼңǰǧȥ컯ɽμ·棬ʱҪȥɶԺģ
Ҳȥμ·棿ֻܵ󴥶
ƳɽҲԲμ·ΪĿ꣬棬ʥ磬аǧ̤֮·棿
Ƴɽأƻûвμ·ʵʵΪ˵ʵˡ
ᾡȡ汧ȭл
˼ᶨԸԸı䣬ҲȰ㣬һ·ģʵڲоͻƳɽ̾̾Ц뿪ȡ
ƶƳɽصɽȣϣ츳ˣղԱߣЩ˵ڣҿ츳ҲȲϴˣҸоƼңѪΪһĪ½ƼѪأĳ䣬ܵһ󱲣


1970 
ѪǰµĳƼǿߣû˿ԵõҲпܱõܽͣΪѪʥ糬Խɣ
һӣصʯ
Ү֣
һɽ
һڣҮɼˣǰȻһ־СѴĽǷȥͳʱ
лֵܣһ˸ֵȥһ֮оѣҮɼվ
Үʴͺܿ켱Ҵµ棬һܷŹСӣʬΣҪԳ֡
ӻ֣ܳúˣҪԳɱСӣߣƳɽǸ˵ԺҪĽƼһһɱһɱ֮Үɼ
ٽ䣬˶ȥ
⣬л֮󣬱ȥе磬ܸо޼賤Ϣ
ʼջ𣿡ĪƳһۣٶͷŽɸ߶ȣԽһɽ
һʱǰããֺٶȣһɽ塣
ˣ
ոյþһ۵֣ͨ죬ͷħɷϢΧҮɼ׷ɱˣ
˴뿪ȣʹӵһҮʴ͡ҮʺƷԱɣҮɼϢ޷ӹҵĸӦ
ƥ򣡡
뿪ȣһȥ·۷ҲʮӣӦǼɵƳɽᰵбңʵ̫࣬ƳɽֳԽɵĴڣָո̤ɵУ֡
һ죿ˣԸ⣬ʰ̫潣һһҾܽ
ãҮɼʬģҾҪϵ࣬ɵ࣬Ҿӵǲ֡
͵ƥţ
ͨЦ󣬱ͷһֻֻħơ
ħƾһʵЩħһӣҲӵʶȲϷĳַ˵ħҲǷ
һֻֻħǱڰ
Үɼʬ壬࣬ξͻһ磬ҮɼҪһõĴ񣬿ϧҮʴû˾ˣʵҲвͺúڷȻŰɡʯΪ̳Ͼʼӿ
ˣħƴӦҮɼ֮⣡
ͨظ˷˵Ǽһزأû뵽һɰ˸ˣԸһʥ˽
˵˲򵥣½ܣһжǰֻ֮УϢͷŸ࣬ҮɼӦ
ʵҲڷ֮УɴѪôʵʥ۷
ãͨˣˣҪˣۼȻΪһӡ
ͷŸӦ˲䴩磬ҮɼƯڽϷоһˣ˫ֲϽӡΧȻΪӡںϣһھϷγɡ
ٺ٣ͨǳڰ͵Ц
磡
֮ЩϢӿһ֮С
ҮɼĿ·һаʿһ˫ӲСӣҮɼȻ޷ʰһʥ֮ǰƳɽûˣαҪʵһɱ
ˣ
ӡףѾҪγɣ֮ǰϢھƿʼ΢΢ͷ
ಣ
Үɼ˫һ𣬿ҪͷžƣһʵȫܴݻһС
ڴ˼ʣΧȻҮɼһ˼ҪԦƵʱһЩСӳ롣
ħƣ
һֻֻħ͵ϮħҧҮɼ첲
ʲô
Үɼ֪鷢ģŻƵģʹ໹ǽ
̼䱻飬ҮɼȴѰ棬תһֻֻħƣƤʼãðħ̡
ħƣҮɼʩչѹħֻܶһħһѪ֮С
Үɼˣӷ׷Ҫɱ𣿡֮Ӱնͨ
ҮɼĿࣺ㡢Ȼû
⸱ģԼ˹ƵģΪһһУܽնɱ̫Сˣ
Է͵ҡͷܣ֮ǰڷȣ÷ѹ㣬ʱδʩչȫʩչȫȻɱ㣿
Ҫɱˣֶβܣ˵Σֽңͨһħ졣
һץǰ֣һѪٴҮɼ
ɶħͽԭЩħģȻڴҮɼڻ
Խ룬Խϸ˼֣ԼһɾͷȻһʥˣ
ѪɱȥҮɼͷգһһɽͷŶǵ۽ףǻʽףƷһˡ


1971 еŮ
ҮɼΧٴγַη໯Ϊһף֣Ȼ赲ѪѪ޷ʴսףһħͷ
Ƿã
ಣ
ͨȥԴ߶Үɼɱɽйǰžһɽ
ɽȻǻʽ׷ȻȴǹǰֱɣҮɼҲһˡ
һ˫۾·˺ѣҮɼ֮ǰͨ񣺡ǿһ죬ʵ
һɣӦÿԽסܶιͨȥǰҳħˡ
Үɼ߶࣬ץɽɫսףɽΪһ޽һйǰ
εǰɱò£ͨһɱо޽ξ޽١
ٿҮɼзսױ֮ǰħ˿ڴʴһЩֲĳѣȻ˿ڴѵħƲѣ
Үɼʧû֮ǰһǿϼ޻֮Ȼתߡ
ŽּغϣҪ
Ӳߣ
û뵽·ɱʩչȭһʽһɱһȭ
¹ѧȭͷͬҰһâһҮɼսɱײһ
ǿһȻûдҮɼսףо޽˲
ƥ򣬳һ
ͨһֻ޴𣬽̤ħɷǰ
ҮɼæɽסǰƷʳԽɽ֮ҮɼǴæ֣֮һɽֶǰ˳Үɼսףҵõ顣
ŷս飬ҮɼһѪģƻܿ£һ˫ѪͨħͷЩħ͵ϮҶ֣
ͨ°֪ͣʵ֣ҿԽ֣޷նɱɣԲħԸ㣬ЩħƿԺڰ磬ںϣһҧϣҲѣɲʱ˿ڣħѾͻѪ⡢֮г죬ԵʿѪ⣡
Ϊսʤ;ĩ·Үɼħ˿ھһЩѪɫѣ񳤳ӣֶ
ŷ飬⵽ǰҮɼȻ£ͨ˲֪ʲô
ӲͨӰɱǰħɷںϣһħˡ
̣
罣ӡҮɼ侲ɽɱһɽҲûٻħһ˼ͨϡ
䣡
ͨħնУ˫ͬʱ飬Իǽ٣Ƚħп顣
ȻҮɼˣҲһɣȻʩչԽ֮ϵʵ
ͨùǰ飬ǰǺڰǿƶɣƷʽӽ۽ףܷͨӳ㹻һɽ֡
ϴ󣡡
һŻҮɼĳֶΣҪʱֶơ
ǿҮɼǷߣ֮£֪ͨöԸʱӦǻšѡ侲ͨɱǷͨʿࡣ
ûܻڷ羭̫Ƴ棬ҲûŲ·֪ԼҪʲô
汾׼ԸҮɼǰ棬֣Үɼ̶
澹ƸǸˣ
ˣ
壬·״̴࣬æͷŸӦΧʮδоκϢ
ϴںϣ潫ܿͨƸںϣӳȫ
ģڶϢͷںһһʯԱߣȻվһˡ
汣侲дˣͳҡͨҮɼû֣
᲻ҮɼԮ֣
ҲֿܣҮɼ֮ǰܻû뵽ܿҿ㾿˭
ӦӿȥܿʯԱǵӰʵ
ʯԱһŮӡ
Ůһ£ӰʵҲˣŮĽ³ƣûжװΣһͷں㷢Ҳֻͨһٻһ
ɣϴҴϸоϢд۷ʵҶԻɱҮɼֻҪɣҾܿ϶
ɣǾƳɽǰ㣬Խɣʵ̫潣࣬ҪǿһЩŮӰһϢҲδͷţֲ֮ǰԸӦ
ͷŸӦϸӦŮΧ¡Ƥ˿Ϣ
ҲǷߣֽ籾ԴѵƳɽйϵһӣջŮϢǳǱŮֽ磬Ҳһߡ
½֮Уֽ硢Ľ벻̫ңԶһֽǿпƳɽйϵܲҮɼйأҮɼԸΪңԶƷ磬ֽ缸ûһϵ
ϴ֣һϢ֮ǰ޷ӦڼҲһֱڸӦŮӡ


1972 ɱҮɼ
Ҳƺڴ߶һطֶΣ·Ȼ֮УԼȻȫȻ֮⣬ʩչСǧ
Ů̫أȻҲд֮ͨˣ򿿽һȻûһ˿˿֡
ҪΪˣӵͨ
ĵ»գ츳ӳŮΧʱٿȥŮΧȻһԲιϢϢо˿˿ϤϢ
ˣ
һĻ棬һԪһӡ֮зա
漱æӡʯףոǷչģСǧӦŮǹϢʯγɷա
ʯŮй
𾪱飬ͻȻֻһˣʯйϵܽԼϢֽʿ
ϴ󣬾СǸ֮ǰڵӦֵ۹ʿϢϢţڱ«ռֹͣС
֮ǰǸӦֽϢҲ弸ϢŮϢİڵ֮УδӦΪȫ߶пܷ
пŮӣһûһ˿Ҫֵӣƺֻ·￴֡
һԽɵľͷȻֵġ
ŮӺᣬĺãҲǳòҲͶʮһӣǹϢпܾʯ־ʯ־ԣʯػߣôһֱػ壬ǳпܵõʯ־һЩСǧǰ㲻طʿȷʯ־һ˿ĪҲ
淴˿Ȼ֣ȻΪ˶ҲҮɼԮ֣һΪͷĴڣǸӦ
ƺûг˼ȷΪҶҲ֮ǰڷȣùӦŮСǧϾʯףĿģ
ʱ󲿷ָӦջأ氵жסŮһһ
濴ǰͨҮɼְֽʱ
Үɼٴֻ֮ǰ֮һͨԽսԽ£ûһ˿ģƱ֮ǰҪ£ȥܻͨɱҮɼ
û뵽Үɼһٴδ߶࣬Ѿûڷְ磬ֻγһ֣ͨѹȥ
ͨħɷǰںϣһħɷн֣Ȼûнֻ飬ɼɷôֲ
Ʒ磬ӹӡ֮УȻõһ˹ǣԭǾǴ˵֮еķǣֻоǿ䣬֮·ǣҴеõ࣬Ү޵۹һжģʮ갡нⷬɾͣ
һ֣ճͨɱȥ
¡
û뵽һνӿ£بŶľ֣йǰͨΧһħɷ顣
ίʵµ˾ͷ֮ʥ֮
ǡ
뵽ǰãͼõ鷨ǡ
ԭҮɼȻƷ磬͵õǣͨǵõ࣬ŷǣһƷ罨һ۹ȷ
֮Ҳ֪ģͼڣǷǾͼ֮ǰģ̺ͼͨϵܵõͼ
ҮɼҲӷ֮еõƣԷǰ˵е࣬ԭˣҮɼܡ
¡¡ɽ֮ＸΪ档
һɱҮɼʩչʮֹͨͨһδλ顣
ȻһҮɼͻȻһٲйղǿʱڰٷ֮һ
һʵֻͨɸ߶ȡ
Үɼؽӡ볤ϧ첻Ҹʱ䰡
ۣ
Үɼٴδ߶һЩâһЩħƾȻ֮Ŷ䡢ﶼħƣͷҲħ

Үɼڷ֮йȥвͣ
ڣͨħҮɼڲѣҺܿЩħѾڣҮɼƻ
Үɼûо񱻲ʹĥĲˣڵϣħƴƤ˲ϳԵҮɼ塣
ˣħƵĿ֮
ͨҮɼǰʱҲͨǽħһʿڲѣʿڳΪħƵĸףħײгԣὫĸ徫ѪһգԺܶħһѣȻڣȻħƻὫħĸ嶼Կա
ҡͷԿĸ壿һΪֻħҧҮɼħˣ
ٺ٣ԸˣħҲҪϣɾͷؼǷߣȻгԽ
һͨЦǺǵǶԸ̫潣ЩɣǶ֣̫£ֻɲܶԸҮɼҲɣΪԸȻҪ׼ֶΡ
㡢ǲúҮɼѾѪģϲ֪ѪħƻڳԵһС


1973 Զŷ
ҮɼȻš
ú㣬֪үүħƵɣ
ȥһţҮɼ߷һ⣬ٶħ÷ʵҲǴѧģҴħǿؼ֮е֪ڰץŮӣûȥ䵱Ůū湻ˣŮӵħ̥Щħ̥ŮӸ󣬾ӸУʼʳĸŮӾѪԵŮӵѪ⣬ԿӵħƲ࣡
ħ̥
뵽ħ̥ǿֲһ档
֣ͨҮɼѾҮɼˣˣҽԪɣɷ࣡
뿪˵㽫ҮɼӡԪɢ
նɱһҮɼֻһ죬ʵǶԲ£ֻһľ顣
ǣиľŮӡ
ŮӴʱֵĻ˸Ƕ֣³ӲߣֻܲƸ֮б´߶СҲԻɱŮӣԷվŲСɱ
ֻлرܣ
ּͨۿ죬һҮɼӡħ֮Ѱٶ
һߣŮӾȥķϡ
ŮƤ𪣬ոŵʥ࣬˵ҮɼҲʲǵ࣬һЩʱ䣬δΪһͷϧ꣬Ȼ֪ľַش֮ĵΪһУ䱯
֮ϣŲħɷԼҮɼѪһЩƤ
һڰĴɣΪԱǸʥǸΪ
Ůĸȥ
ַɳԼԶȡ
һǳػǧͨڲ֮󣬽һϿ
˵ǲʵΣ潻֪Ůһֱڼ
֮ǰӦŮӣʱҲ޷ŮӴڣȫ߶طȥӦ
ԷһԽɵĴڣ
ú󷨣ħƣ֪ͨŮΪŵöϢΡΡˣҶԸһһǿУѾǺܳɣ޷նɱһ졢ͷֻܴ߶Լ־ȻƳɽַ¼ͷǻɣ
һͷϣ𣿡淴һ䡣
ͨƿԣȷӲߡ
Ҫҳ֣ͻᶯֻ֣ǰǣ鿴ҵϸҲ²ӦôϣӦһЩϢ鿴ģǾűǣҪ֣ܣǲ뷨ռ䣡
ǻ㲻Ҳֻһһ
ǡ
ͨһŷӡħɷͷųڲѪģҮɼûһͷ
ֽӡ컯ΪħɷҮɼͷͨʼ磺ٺ٣ȻҪɱ㣬ɱ֮ǰҪԪһУ
Үɼ򶼱ԵҲûô㡢ǡ
ʱûģҮɼԪͨһɳԪ񾫻֮ͨ󣬱Ȼʵ
ۣ
һӡ֣Үɼ¸ץһŽ𵤡
Žɼһۿȥܿһޱȵĵۣ𵤾۽֯ɡ
ʩչӡ޵شҮɼزѪһЩ
Үɼشزء˲֮Ѱҷ˲֮һַ󲿷ַ֮С
ͨҲʬħץסʬ壺ˣҿԽҮɼʬΪѪһ죬ҿƣӦһڣƳѪɣ
ʬԴɶԣʯһԺҮɼħͨͨ㣬ʬһЩѪԣͨԴʬڳ뾫ƼѪ
֮ǰ̫潣ŵõľʬ壬޷ƳΪܣΪʵͨ綼޷޷ƷɽշС
ˣöҷˣ
ͨͻȻץһ
ǣ
⡢ϲǷǰҮɼƷ磬յõǿ鷨ǡ
˷ǣҮɼյࡣ
֪ͨҪʲôǱҮɼڼ֮Уûз֣ҸղҲֵⷢģ
Ϊõô꣬ӦѾںϣûоȥѰң֪Үɼ֮ǰ˵첻ʱԭûʵںϣĻõΪǿķ࣬Ҳ޷Ÿ˻Ե
࣬ǵ࣬ζܿõһŴͨҮɼǰʩչ֡
𵤶ˣ汻
֮ǰͼõķǣһģͷԼʳָѪɫ֯ͷΪһѪɫʯһ͸ģģԼۣȷ˿ҪϸһԶǶڷ֮УǺһѪɫꡣ
ӷϢоҮɼһЩѪɵҡͷҮɼѾ鷨ںһ˿˿ǧ֮һ̶ȣΪǿܴﵽλɣԶںһЩܳΪƳɽΪӦÿ뷨ںһɣ


1974 
Ҫںϣ
УʱΨһͷüξѪںϣֳҮɼһںϷǡ
ɿͻȻӱ«ռ˵ˣⷨǺƺһ㷨ǣ
һ˼Ϊ֮һ˵ǣеǣԼʥǣĪⷨǳԽƷʣΪǵǣʥǣ
ҲǰҲֻһλǣ϶ڷǡǡʥǽܲ࣬ȻɽɢһЩԷ˽˲࣬ҿ鷨Ǳͼõ鷨ǣ۵ۻϢҪƾ̫࣬Үɼ鷨֮һδںϣ
֮ǰҮɼ뷨ںϴﵽǧ֮һΪʮ꣬ں֮һ
ǲ򵥣Ҳؼصķ֪ʶƬģ㿴鷨Ѿͷȥһʯͼ鷨̫࣬ҲǶǡ
Үʺʮ꣬ԴΪ뷨ںһ˿˿Ҫöꣿ
û뵽ССһ鷨ǣȻ˲
ȻԽǲԽܼģѪ֮÷ںϣںٶȲ̫죬֮ǰںϼ
Ȼ뷨һһںϣͻȻųһֻܶ
ɲǼ䣬Ԫ
ԪžѪķǣĵķյģ𽥷ա
΢΢߶Сǧӳ֣һ棬ҲʼҮɼɾֻʣʮ֮һҲ㹻ʵ
ɽ
«ڲ桢ţɿţʼգ̫žɽ
ֵϴŮӻڼţĬĬǣҿϴõģ
ע
֮Ҳȫͬϴһ𵴣ʵѾʼ̤ʥ۷塣
֮ٴͻһݡ
һɽ𵤣㹻桢ͨ磡
֮ӡں϶컯Ϊ֮ɽ𵤾
Ժԣɾ춼޷һΪҮɼΪ֮˶ηһɵԭȻǰʥΪɽ𵤣ٶȷǳȴ㹻ɡ
羪İһˣԺѪ֮ںȫѪΪĻ棬Ϸطǣ֮Үɼʮǰںڷ֮лΪ
˿˿澫ѪǱһЩۣڿʼں
Сǧ߶ĵ·֮УںϣҲζ濪ʼɷ
֮е棬Źȥһ꣬Ȼͷע˲
˲һɹɽնǹϼ⣬ںϡ
һЩϢʸӽ
ʶǻ֮Уްɫռ䣬ȻγһɫԲ֡
ҮɼǵһֻɫЩ仯ںϣΪ״̬
ֳˡ
ζžһ겻ɽ𵤡շǾ뷨ںϣڴҮɼھɣٴɱ䣬γɰԲ֡
״֮ǰ״̬ҲƣϷŰԲ̣·ǵĵ֡
ԲҮɼ޵õĽ֣һϢܴͬػ
Ǻ־
֮УʱҴҶ
֪ԲѾǳʵƯڻϷһ⻷
ŲսԼ뷨ںϣ֮δ֪صĵӳ֣ðԲ
ԲһЩƵ֮У΢΢һӰվ֮Уһۣϧ۴˺ѣģֻܿӰޡ
Ƿˣû뵽ɱ֮󣬻ܴӰԲ֮УҮɼõķˡ
˱ȻҲǵĵߣһ
ſʼ뷨ںϣַһ˿˿־֪ںϷǣǺεģӦ֪ݣ˭Ȼһ
һ˿˿־ûһ֮У濴ǱӰ񿴵֧һء
ⲻĴǷ̫ǿ֮󣬷֮һ˿Ҳ̺־ͨ˵Ĳࡣ
ҲҲб仯ѾõУӦҲֻ֣ص
ĻԪѪΪ潫ǰΧš
澫Ϲ뷨֮УͷŸӦϸϸ鿴ǡ
ں֮ǰûж仯Ա仯Ƿ֮УҲûҮɼϢԼϢӡڷΧһЩ֮С
һֿۣһϤӰǰԲַ֮УǸϤӰ
ӰȻģ̫·ӰʱʧΪںϣ˵Ϣڲں죬һֻںϣһֻ𽥻ȥΪʱ磬޷ȫƿطǳԽʥΪԷں֮Уʧ


1975 
һ𣬱ػںϷǡ
ˣҮɼ֣ѾָҪͻһ磡֪ȥ꣬˶֮У綯Ӧ˶ܷġ
ͨҪͻˣһ
棬Ůӿжʱһ־«ռ䡣
ɽҲڸӦ磺ʵڼҲΣȴһֱûǰһһֱڹ۲һһ
ŮӲ֣š
Բֹ֪ͨͣģ˾ƽһԶ
ŮԸǣһÿɳʮ氵иӦŮһһ
Ů治Ӧ֮УһɫӰӣڻɫ֮ٶȶûпһҲûһɶ˱һ£˸֮ίʵ
ɳǧһǳأͨǳأȻŮҲȻòıһǡ
ĬĬһУǳԾݣ޷ĴڣŮΪߣǳ֮УҲԵһ
֮УŮȻû棬û˵ûжһۣȴһ޷ݵĬ
סϺü죬Ůһֵ¥֮Ǳûһ뿪¥ܳס潥жŮӦûȷݣûд֮ǰӦûпܻǳ֡
ʮͨ뿪ǳء
ͻƣΪ㻤
ԶһƬԼԭԭ޹ںһκо΢
Ѱһͨһͻơ
Ӧͷʮ⣬ڰﴦŮʯϣԱһɣ·ɫΪŮڵ
ĿǰΪʵܿŮִ֮ͨɺ嫰ٱȻԶԶ
ĿǰŮҶԣ޵дڣһ޷ԽɽɰһҪͻƴɣΨͻƴɣмֿ־ͷ棡Ӧ״̬£Ůɰ֮£ȴմһǳâϢ
һĻ󴥶֮޵֮ͷ񷣬ͨ
ˣˣ
ŮԼ֮עһ̣ħɷͻȻʧѪзӿ
ɲǼ䣬ͨƯһ̤Ʊ֮ǰǿ󼸱ħɷ˳һһ㣬ѪɫħɷܿħѪӰ
ͨѪΧһɨ󲿷ħɷʧȴǿԴʱ磬ٶҮɼٲˣ
࣬ʮŴѪ£ͷűҩԼ΢΢ԣƲöãʵܴﵽ״̬
ȴͨΪָ׼ͻʥ죬ʱʵѴﵽ۷壬ʱͻơ
̫ͨ潣ӦҲܷͻƣŮӸôãǶ֣Ҫͻƾ죬ɣһɾмְնԸͷ
Բ֣
Ҵһʱ汻֮а仯ϲ⡣
Բڲ޵ֶһЩ֮УдԲӡǡ
Բֲû֣ҲСɣںϣ޵ɣͽС֡
֣
бââѪӡֶһֶΣҲ츳
ǰΨһöɲںѪѪɻ棬ɡ
նɱҮʺƣշɣǴĳĳֹõĴУǿԼɣڶ
ӡǡСǧǧʱ־ȵȹǵõĴУ˵Զͨбա
ѪҲͨУɣ츳
öɲӷ翪ʼһԼðգնɱǿߣȡ챦һģǴУټ϶컯츳ԼһԴ
֪ǺεĿǰӦ뷨ǰͨƣƲ̫ԡԭʩչ֣뵽Үɼʩչ޵С
ȴ뵽֮Ůڰпӣһֿܷ֣һв
ҿڴ߶֡
𵤿챻桢һգΪʥ۷壬Ȼڲϳ֮УƸһЩѪϡ
ѪɣѪ֮дѪϣһѪϱƣͳΪһռ䡣
ע˲Ǽɫȫںϣʱʱ̿öɲʵҲγɿֲ
ɫֻܷȥںϣʥڶʱںϡ
ʱҪһ֣߶ƯϵĻ֣ͻȻͷ⣬֮УһȦ⻷γһ֡


1976 ʥ
濿֣һץֻתͻȻƵģʣ¶ǰâ
治ע뷨תٶȼӿ죬ͬʱץһʥ۷ɽƣһɽնл֣û뵽ֲû飬ɽǿγ𵴡
ּԦ֣¡һײʥ׷ɽɽӲȲ£ײ⣬γɳԽʥףﵽ˴ɸ߶ȡ
Ӳȣʥ׷д졢߶ȣһɴ߶ʥ׷ɽܻ֣
ʱΧתֽ֮ǰལ飬·һַǳȻԵԽϢѹҮɼʱ߶֣Ժɨκͨʡ
Ҳӵֽ治ĥ֮ʣȻֻ֮һЩ˿ʱʱһߡ
Ǻε
òŷ֣ط߱ȫ߶Żм࣬߰˵ӡ
о֣߲ǿ΢һƵģŻԶϵͨЩ߱ȻҲյ֮ͨһ߶֣ܾã߲ʱʱԤ֮г֡
ȻܴſƣԤ֪ʱֻüͷһץһƷʯʯɣҲ޷顣
ʯ룬ȫ߶֣żϢ֮һڸһߴӸɨֹ߳켣ͬ
ŵĵ߹󣬵ôƷʯһɨһƷʯ̱ппһ򵥡
˰Ե̫ˣǾƷʯԾƷֻһƣˣûй
˭֪˲пƷʯץƷʯȫ߶֣ڵּӿٶת£һЩ߸һ濴̫ʱӦһ߾ͻأƷʯ
һʯһΪп濴пǳ⻬ɽгɣ뾵࣬͸Կò
ƷʯӲͨʥ׷࣬ƷʯпƷʯ֮Щߣܽʥ׷飡
滻һʥ׷ɽƷʯ
ʥ׷ɽƷʲƷʯӲҲ࣬ɽ֮Уŵת£һЩߴо
ĿǰʵȫпܣƷʲʥ׷ɽҶԴ飬ַɽѾɸ߶ȣͨҲ޷ɽ飡
ڴţһЩռɽ
ͫͻȻһ߷·֮ͫУǿʥ׷ɽ
꣡
ͬһߣȻʥ׷ɽϣпһӣʼʥ׷ɽδѡ
ȷʧϢ֮󣬷ɽһΪƷʯп
߾ȻزпһƷʾ˵ʥ׷ʵҪ̬
ַ߾ʵš
ȫʩչȭͫҲܽʥ׷ɽ飬ѵӡǵĸ߶ȣ𺳣ͨƻ̬ŵĵز
ϧ̫٣׼ȷƣô߶ֲ̫ľ츳ͨǰ
ĥһЩܣһɽʹͷҪͻʥˡ
ͨȥ⣬ħɷע磬һͶһ
̣
ȫ䣬ڲһϴݻž飬ѪڣѪ˿ڿ֮ŽɢһǿڱѪѪѡ
ͻʥ֮ʣ֮⣡
ɰ֮µĺŮӣüɹüͷ¹һأŮӷ·
ŮȡһЩѰ߶ãһӰӡ
ӰӾȻ档
ŮһȻͥ棬Ϊһˣеܶ߱ɣµĴھѣҪ屦ôɿͨ
ãŮӽȻɰ֮¡
Ͽ
֮УѪģǱһ֮̽գʥ
ɴѪ磬ҲҮɼһ˿𵤸̵ںܿһСϪ۳Ϊӡ
ʥ찡̤磬ʥ۷壬һϴɣһɣܶԸκδɣɾͷҪκңҲǰ׾٣
ͻƴɣȻҲҪƻƻζʱ䲻ǧ꣬Ҫִж񣬱ɾ磬ʥʵȥִ̫ѣ˷ʱ䣬ľ
ɾ߶ַɶԿɣնɱЩǿĺڰʿʴҪĻͻƴɣʵаȥִ񣡡
״̬ǳҩﾫ
ĥص㣬ͥˣҲһ⣬޼賤ʣ¾·档


1977 Ůӳ
ţҥӦÿصɹ˰ɣ
뵽ĻǷһ·˳磬ţʵӦòд⡣
ڸоһж˳ֻҪڲ֮ͻƴɣִжȻǰ컯ɽ硣
֮ǰгʱ䣬Ҿȥͥһ⣬ȥѰһҪСҪ֪Ȼ䣬ӦǸŮӣ뵽һŮӡ
С
ʱ«֮Уɿ˵ˣͥͥҲʮ·ֻ̣Ҫ̤ɣȥͥӦòѣ
ɿһͼ
˿̤ʥ죬ͷŸӦ׸ӦŮϢ
һ̣ڱ仯Ǿ˵ģزѪѪѪ٣ѪҲա
֮УͷϢҲһЩ˵ںϹҪģںԽ࣬־Խǿ
˲֮гֵھۣһЩֱ仯
ҪںϣҲҪʩչöɲɫںϣöɲԽǿʵԽֲ
ĬĬƸɽӡɽʯԼʯںţȻٶȲ̫죬ںȥ뷨֮ϵػ١
Ҳ֮У־ǧʱ컯ɱ֮С
ոͻƻֻ̫Ҫһ꣬Ҿܴﵽһ̶ȡӿʱ䲻Сǿ
ͨصڣҲɴɾ
Ȼû뵽ǣ⴦ϿȻһ˫۾ڰпǡ
۾һŮӣܿȻ֮⣬ɰ֮ǸŮӡ
Ϊγ
ĪǷɣ
ҿԶ𣿡ŮӴȥ
ͬնϣҪȷħͷͷŷҵĴڣ㶯֣һΧţǷңҲᷢĴڣ
̫Էֻһʥ
ŮӻӦ֮ϢޣƵģʯںһϢʧ
֮ڣͨΪԴںϷȡָʵ
Ȼһ˫ޱĿ⣬󷨸һʯĿͷųһЩϢɢ֮С
ˣ
Žʥһʱ棬ĵ΢΢һЩӦüͷ潻
浱Ƹ𺳣ϴ˵һ˿İڳ֣
ǻþʵģȷһɺϸ΢İϢڽ˸ʱʱ֣ںϸӦԭ򣡡
츳Ӧͷţԭ磬ԼӦ֮УһںӦ˸Ӧﵽ۷塣
ʱһͬ򸽽һʯǿʯȻ͸һϢϢɢΧ֮У·ǿʯӵ
ʯ־ϲĪһʯϴǷˣȻֵط񵽴󱦱
ҵʯ򵥣ϢȻƺһͨγɵǹŹ֣ǹȥǿȻ֮´ŵʯҲһɶߣò򵥡
ոն߳һ״ռ侹Ȼһ̱ãˮˡ⣬ɲǻΪꡣ
˫üһʣֻſ˷磺һڿռ磬ǾȻûз֣
ҸӦκδɶֶΣĪǡ«ռڣҲһơ

ǰǿʯ֣һ滨Ĺ⻷⻷һ޴Ļ䣬ʯΧԼ֮ţųԽɿֲ͸
ͨϽ뿪󣡡
ĳĬĬƴ󣬶Ǹ˵ΧǸŮӡ
ֹͨͣУæվ
̵һ죬Ҳһ绨
һͨվֱʹӺ󱳻пƵģпն
ָоͨ㤵ؿԼϰ¸ʼ䶯һѪ£ϰأʣ°վŲ
ɱҵˣ˭Ҫɱ㣡û뵽Էԭͷͨһһæͨ

˷ҫ۹âǿʯҲͻȻѿһŮӶʵȥ
ͻȻԼɳһɣΧһЩ⣬ȻգۻΪһ伸ɴ⻨䣬֮ס޷ǰһҲ޷һ£ƿưա
ˣùߣʮ֮⣬նͨ˫§ϡﻩĳӡ
ӣ
Ҳӣǰһֻһ˼ͨһߣڱΧ⻨˵ߣһҲܡ
ˣ
һɰ֮ڱ߶һʥ۷ʵͻأˣΧ⻨䣬û뵽ǳɹˡ
⻨䣬̫£Ҳ̺ӡƸɲһ㷨ʵһˮ⻨顣
һʥʵ´ҲټǷߣϧڱǰȻˣһŮĮȻ


1978 Ƿ
ոմ⻨֮УһɣΧֳһ仨䣬˫š˫ҲһЩӡס
ಣ
ǰһӰιһŮӡ
Ůӣûһ˿ȣ⼸һֱд򽻵ǸŮӡ
̣
סЩӡ˲俪ʼʯΪһʯһʵص
ܶˣͻȻŷӡʯǿҵĵطھϢĪʯӡõطھɵģ
ٿŮӣͷޱϤĵطھϢ˾ǵطھɡ
Χһн顢桢ͨĽ磬Ů֡
䣡
һѪɫֲ֮ڵӡ
žžž
ƽŮ˺ſ棺ʥСӣϾͷȻһֿ·Ӱ죬ֲʥǱ˲õһӳ֣ԶԸκδɣʵ
ҪӳȥΧǴӡס壬⴦ռ䣬ѾΪŮ

û뵽ǣŮͻȻһĳһƹžɽ棬ʱơԼƸһ̲飬ȫɢ޷ƿء
ҲѪһ̾緲޷ڸоŮʵôֲѪʵ˭Һԩ޳Ϊɱѣ
Ȼ֪ŮкαʱҪһίߣȻԷʵ˿£ֻ취Ը
ͬʱҲƸƣһˣӣҪöԷ֪Ѿ޷
ŮͷһЩâΧȫʧΧʯͻȻߣһ㽫ɣֱɰӲͣ£ʯס
澪°ʯ֮УٿŮӣطھϵͨ
ԷϢҲʧһۼķߣԵطھΪܿƴ֮д󲿷־
ϢǱҴ֮͵Ϯ˲֪ΪŮûб淢֡
츳ֲҲ޵еĴڣŮطھϢһθӦ
ŮһʯϢű塢浹ǿ׸ӦŮһʿϢںϣθӦ
дں˵زŮʵĸ߶ȡ
Ů߽ʯٴη仯Ϊһʯ̣ȫסٱŮȥ
ȴûԼǻͷͨдΣգ
˷ģκˣйƳѪͨӦ֮Ѿ뿪һ֮⡣
Ҫȥη㾿˭
Ͽ֮⣬ȻȺɽ汻ʯסϰܶ°ʯʧȥ֪
Ůӻͷʯûһ˿󣺡Ŀǰһɱ㣬ֻȥҵıĪ뷨ߣΪǰʥԶ޷ƥУֿԣҲŹ㣬Ҫ֪ζ

ԭŮǷ
øղŽƸƣҲδʩչɽԷȻֶΣҵʱʩչôһɱʱֻܰûһְտߣ˿̧ͷʱѾǰۣ֮һɰء
ɰ֮վһŮӣûжƷƽĿ棬ͷ֮ɢ
ûһƣҲ˲ͨ˲ն
ŮΪ̫£ʩչ޷أ޷
֮Ů뱾Ȼһģһȥʧ
˼ţƷѾǳԽɵĴڣŮһΪֲǷȥϧںľСɣʵҲܳԽɣ
һǧ꣬ǧһμ˽ز
Ůһ̲Ϣģֻڶ½ǣӡС
ͻȻȳ⣺˭˾ͷΪζһʥ¶֣ѣ޹ɥ
Ʒߣ
Ů˵ˣŮӾһǴֽģڷ֮УͷŸӦǻᣬǲǿڰиӦȣûдֽʿ
ҡҡͷֻǺ棬մӷȣʲô棬ֻֽ˵֪֮ͷŸӦҪѰҷ֮Уû½Ѱˣ
ŮӻסĿ⣬ƺֻĴڣҽ£¶誣ֽ磬Ʒ磡
¶誣
ǰæ
ף㣬֣ѹȻԭ򣬱ֲɱ޹֮һʥһߣ̶̷꣬ȻܴﵽʥΪǱ
꣡
㻹Ʊ磿
ûнƱ磬ʵˡ
ڱǰ㻹װɵ˵ǲʵҳϣ


1979 ¶
Īǰˣ½ķߣǰһϴˣȫᰡᰡ
ǲƺĲ
¶ͻȻ˺󼸲ֶΧһӡ
Χʯ·ƵģȥڼϢ֮󣬾ȻΪһȻʯ汻ʯ֮С
¶߽ٶһӣֳֻ泤Ư
Ů뷽¶һģһֻϢûǰֲȷ¶һǰٸһǣ»شѡʵ³ܲң
Ҵˣŵضڴ
꣡
ŮͻȻۣгͷųǣɲʱѪĭɣƤΧʯϡ
׻Уһ԰ףһ黨Ѫۣʹ㣬㣬ᣬҴˣ
꣡
ŮһӳȥٴʹĶιȥûгϡ
Ůӿɲ֮󣬾һӳȥ϶Ƥ
ŮĺˣҪģƸڣɿͣע棬һɱȥ
ʲôʱĥ
ĥ죬滹һڷϣŮӾȥһϢ뱾ƺûн
һ̣ѪʼϣȻöһ֣Ůӿ󲻷
ͨ𣿡ڶ죬Ůִų
ֻܰ󣺡ϴˣҲҪҵˣ˵˵Ҫҵ˭Ҳʶȥ
棬ƷߣӣһģһСĽƼйȥֽ磬һɳϹϵ
ŮΧ˼Ȧ浹ҲҪֽ֪磬֮УѾһ˴ϽһԿɣʵ˵ֽ޵еĴڣûκ棡
æͣ棿˭ŷ꣬ҲʶѾ꣬ȻҲƷ磬ʶ
㵱治ʶ˲㣿ǳһģһĪһһ겻ɣ
ŮͫһֻӶӣըһӳϣѪɡ
ŮӶԣֻһǶҲˣʲô˻ÿ顣
ĥһ죬֧ŲסŮӲ¡
УȥپѪҪ٣װľԴѪʼͷӿ˿ڣʹкܿʧ
氵һŮӣ˵ƺһֱϢŮʱʱעΧ
ǿ󣬷Ҳ̬ʱ߶СɽƸҲɱһ·
ǼɿҲУֻٵȵȿѰһڸõʱٶ֡
Ůӻ治ùֿʼĥ
ĥ죬ڣˣҳϣҾǸ棬ǰ鰡
ǿԣܳô죬һʥܳΪĵĵȷ󲿷ַߣڷ֮Уֻм˿Ტۣ
Ů˵꣬һͻص֮С
Ů˫ۣδվԶԶʵȻãӦ֪Ϊ㣡
æ񣺡ǰңҲǱΡ
ͣ
û뵽һΪͫ⣬ͻȻŮǰ
ţһѪڣһĨ󱳴ƶȥһƬѪͷš
ۣ
һѪţһ㣬డҲǸղɲǼ䣬¶調ȡ
¶쿴Ĳ̫ãһһ䣬ͱҲҪ֪ɱ㣬һԵõҪĶ
ķɳһ֮ܿУһӰ档
ֵֽ۹ֵ۹ǿߣС֣ԼͶ־档
¶誰ŭһȣ㻹񶨣㲻棿˵ǣھͽͷժ£
ˣ˱ǣ
пһ£Ȼ¶б
֮ǰһΪ¶ֻǸӦڣӵʯϢˣȷʵ֪ҵݣ֮һֱûг֣Ҳڵȴᡭ
ܶһɲǣŪˣԷʵһϸ˼ֵΪĪ⣬˼
Ҫʵսʤܡ
¶Ȼûվȥֽ磬岻ðЩߣ֮ǰڵ֮УԺ֪ܿ½緢֮£廹һλˣ־ӡڵӴǵ־ҪˣͷֻԾĹ
Сһֽ綼ӵ壬ɼǵȻˣʱҲûʲôӦ԰취
ֽ磿ֵ۹Щʵһֱڷ֣ڷػˣϧû뵽ǸħۣǱ֮Уر͵
ǰҲ֪ħۣ
ҷ꣬ʮ꣬ȻʶħۣҲʶңһƷ峤Ҵֽ֣׷ɱħۣϧնɱǻᣬ˽屦һѪʶǺƷ磬Ҿûˡ


1980 ͷ
ħȻǰ֣
ǰţû뵽¶誾Ȼħͬʱڵ¸ӦԴˡ
ֻܸͣˣۡ
¶ֵħۿɲǼ򵥵ˣҲдֽһż֮Уõ̫ʱһħߣŵõһžͨΪѪħô˺ܿΪ塢ֵ۹ͷ
ѪħŮҲ֪
ԭѪħǷħֽۣһżõģѪħ֮ǰһԷ磬ɽ磬ŹͨһֱȥǶԵģû֨
ħֻͨһҲܴ֮У½ᵽħƷ縴ָǵʵħͷҲɽ磬ͥһٴνնɱٸᣡ¶誷·Ի
ͻȻĿһ裬ٴϣڸңǲϣ
ˡ
оһ̣Ķһɽѹ޷ϢҲоش¶⣬Լһ̣ᱻնɱ
ϣ
ͷεģͣʵҪʯһĹʯͷƷһյأ֪ײڸķħۣһᣬʱһֱߣоǸ
¶һ˿ɫ·ѩڻǵߣħ۾һ·ˣ
һί֪϶ҪʯͷҪҲûð޷ںϣҲ֪ʲôħֵ۹˿أֵ۹Ͻ½磡
¶誵˼ۣ죬ʲô˵
æͣ˵ʵ֪ǸɽһҪ
Ϊֵ۹һɣȥƷ磬ҵʱ㲻
ɣ
Ůӣ
¶ͻȻͷŲӰСϡ
ԭСǴɡ
סͻȻÿԴӷ¶֪С䣺ѣС
ѣ̧ۣҲС壬ÿһʱ䣬ɰˡ¶誵һߡ
ֵ۹ʱ½磬ڣɱҵģĸҽ⽻ȥֻܴбܻţûбɣǰλҲˣֳСϡ
¶Ϣڱ仯ΪɣȻҪɽ磬ͨطͥ˵ô࣬뱾ĥƤӣǲǸý
ҡͷǽ
ΪΣϣ˲¶課ˡ
Ȼϣֻⱦƺĳڣ޷ٳҲ޷ƣԾǽҲ
ͷƣȥ
ǣ
ף㿪ʼͷԪüӿ
ʯںϣȷҲ޷ȥΣǹĵ£ԼСǧйصϢأнͨԪһΪĵ±󲿷Ԫ񣬾ŴĻ汻Ƹռ֮С
ֻʣһһɷԪ
¶ͷһ⣬ֱӶüԪ
䣬оԿ챻ᣬԪ磬һֱΪܵĿռ䣬˽롣
һʿز֮һ˽ƻԪҲԪ
һ̿ʼԪϢͻ᳹ױ¶誰зӡһЩܳԪϢӴ˿λá
ಣ
Ԫ֮У¶ԪƶͨԪͿӭӡ
ӡû뵽¶誴һȻںϣ㲻ӵϢ
񣺡õôֱ꣬׷ɱҲԱ棬ôҲһֱںϣĲ֪ΪΣʯںһ˿˿õʯһЩҲԪôϡϡϢ˶ѣ
رɽʱ˿ں̫Ϣ뷲磬Ȼû˿ں϶٣һʥҲ֪ˣȻʯںϣѾҵʯںϳ̶ȣ
ԭǰҲʯںϣ
ֽǻᣬ峤ȻںʯףҲһʯںϡ
һӡڣʯǰ𽥳֡
Ԫӡ֮УʯƯ棬ȷûͷһ˿ϢȻںϲδж٣δںϹ
ʯ׺
¶誼ʯףȻʯ׹£һֱĬĬ
ãʵ̲סҲʵǰⱦʯͷк
ȳ⣺һ֪ģҲܣ֪
˵Ͳ˵ѵԼҳʯܣһʣֻ̽̽ڷ磬֪¶⣬βͣʵҲûβ͡
һͷǰȻ߰Ƿݰ


1981 «
¶誵ȴãվ潫Ԫӡɢȥ
ͷŴԪֲ֮Ԫֱ𵴣һɹԪʯײס

¶誾Ҫʯ״ߣɵקӡ֮ʣʯײûжΪԪֲ̫Ԫ𵴣ΧӴԪҲʼҡΡ
ԽͷŸԪζʯ׾ûжһ£Ԫںһ
ͨԪȻһЩϢ飬Ԫ籩棬ǵصķ籩氧󣺡ǰְ취ȡܲˣоԪ־ʱǰ
¶誻йʯףΪαںʯףЩӦΪʯȴûϿңΪΣ
Ǻǡ
һ棬Ц
ʯںôãֹһںϣں̫̫࣬࣬õʯ־Ͽɡ
˵ʯ׾ģѾ޷ɱҲȡʯס
㡭
¶誾ȻһĨɱת档
ô䣬濴¶誣Ӧһ뷨ڽĨɱȡʯס
ֻҪһʯ׾ûз¶誾ܵõʯס
ûбһͷƣȫɽԺ⻹ǵһ˽ӽ
ڷ¶ͻȻʯףǷɱʧ
գҾʹ߶ɽԼսףһвɽı˺һЦ£Ϊ߾³Լƿء
ಣ
Ԫ󣬴ϼ꣬¶Ԫ־Żع鱾
ʯڣ¶£֪ʲôóһϽӡʯΧһЩ
һǵȻһŮʮϤ¶誣Ϊ¾ͣᱦ
Ůˣǵȥֵ۹ǵ־𣿡ֽ֮ãվСǵ־
¶調¶Ӧģһᾡ콫˴أ
ȴ꣬ŻӦȥӦĸ֣ƺܴܿͥﵽͥԵţǴֱͥԺͲͥأ뼸ҪĿģΪѰ屦䡣
ǣ
¶誽𣬱ĶϢһʱ䣬Ǿȥͥ
Ҫȥͥ
ð
һڴӦƻҪȥͥΪΣΪСȻ֪Сȥͥһȥ
ŷ¶誾ȥͥӶСƺһпȥʵеԸ
ˣ
ɿƸڣɲȥͥ¶һû취޷ڶʯףȥͥʱֶԸ㣬ҿ˵ģڶͥʱᵽ˵壬ǿͥǿһ
ⷬ滺˼õô죿ȥͥǳףѾ֪ɽ磬ҪȥͥСѣ
ɿֱҡͷûа취¶մȥͥ⡣
ȥͥ뻢ڣ
ʵ˵Ҳ֪¶誣ҪȥͥĿģûа취նɱ֮󣬻ԵõֻȣҪȥֱͥնɱңܽ⣬һҲɱģ
ɿ뵽취ǶԷ޽飬ͷջֻܿԼ鷳
ʯ֮У޷Ҳ޷ӳȥʯסֱۡ϶Ƿӡ

֪ȥã
¶誶ˣ
һԾʯ֮ʧһ档
̧ͷʱһ·С
ͬ׹ڰ֮УΧѾȻǷռ䣬һƬ׹磬ͷŸӦܸӦ֮ܿȷƷڻʽͨ߶ȣǵ۽׷
һӣοŰ˷գһǵһα뷨֮С
ವһԵ纮ϮǷ¶־Ӱ棬һԱһˣʲôۣɽ˲飬ھͽǼ
ҪҽƸűռ䣬¶ӶƸɣ

¶誻֣Ҳûж˵һ֣͵ʵ
ǸҲ˲
ûѡȨϽнɿתƵ˲һЩⱦ
ϹݣСزѪ
һУŻ߶Ƹ
ˣֻҪû£κβң֮ӿֻһͻȻŴ󣬺«¶Ŀδй𺳡
ৣ
û潫ƸͳȲͷǿнøû
¶誼ţֻвһߴСƸĪɽ֮УΪǿƺ«ǵɽ磬һռ䷨ױȣռ޷󣬿ɵأκʡ룡


1982 ֮еǿ
ʹãΣֶ־ɣֻҪڣ޷õ«ûˣҵĶ
Ķòߡ
ƺ«¶ĥһӣһɨ
ƸƯʥޱȣӻʥʥϼ貣δ߶ϷϢҲ̺
һʵͽģ׻ش𣺡ԣҵƷ磬ģгɾͣӵһУĹͣûƱ۽׹ʲôǣǰ«Ҫң
ӵƱκʿҲܴӹ˳Ϊţӵв棬˷УǱ˵ǵ۽ƷʣҲһʥɡܴ߶ģνںϣֻǽһðˣķӵзͨ
¶Ȼûд㣬츧ź«¶ףԴӽ쿪ʼƱǱһ¸һֲ㣬ȫһʺķ۽׹УίʵţƱ򱶣
ñ
¶Ƹ뿪ռ䡣
˳֮󣬴ס°ʯ侲ĵȻʯǳӲԽɣӦɸ߶ȣ¶֪ҵǱʯᳬԽʵ̫࣬Զûпܴʯ
ɿ˲֮дԪˣ֪УƸ⣬и಻Ƹֻͨһ˻ɽɽ̶ȣпʯָɲ⣡
Ҳ뵽ɽնʯҲģɽиӳȥأҪָһӣ߲ҪӳȥҲҪ취ӷ¶жƸмְ뷨ռ䣬û̫տԶر«
ȷǸ⣬ɽпӳȥ¶ʵֲ̫ʱѹˣҪƸһҲס
ڻָʵΪأ
桢ɿڣ档
˷֮У⻹ǧ״Ρ
ûлæǰɴѪԼҩһͨ˲ι
ЩԴѪƿʼԾٶȻָ
磬ԶϿ֮С
̣
֮УնεͨһأѾû
ͻȻͨ˿ھȻһֻֻħƣЩħ໥ӣħƽһ˿ڴʼħ档
ͨſ˫ۣ·ѪˮɣڿȻָϢϢƴΣգҵþȥæ
˿ħɷ֮УѪںϻΪƳ棬Ѫһ
ңԶһɽڣӡһУڲһʯ
ʯյ棬Ҳͷƹ
֮Ƿ¶誴߶ɻ𣬲ϵطƸֵѪ뱦«ںϡ
ĬΪõƺ«ֱ绢־粻ϲ£ҪɱΪɽǿߣҪһδȡ屦Ϊں屦õ屦û뵽屦Ѿںϣ
˭͸һݴƺ«ɽ磬Ϊһռ䷨¶ڰ˷ɽ֮Щƺ«κһ«ˣһףȻûǰǰǿ󣬵Ҳɽһӵƺ«ȻٴγΪһɽ֮
ɻţ¶誵ȴȥһڴɫܿ첻Ͻ
ƸЩѪȻûһ˿«ںϣ«Ͽɷ¶ͷ
ΪѾںϵ۽׷ǿռϷǹҾͲŲܳɹ
ɻøΪꡢ˳䣬ɻӷ¶˫֮ա
պܳһʱ䣬¶֮ɫ·ˮ
ںһ۽׷ף¶û뵽ѵ˳̶ȣһ֡
ռ䡣
Źȥʱ⣬ʯס°棬Ѫڻָ߰˰ˣϧռ䲻Ƹӵд
¶ӦרƷԶһ֮УϡܸӦҩԼһ˿ϢȻб
ϴз֣
ڿûȥĥǲǸóпʯ뱦Ȼӳȥ
ͻȻڸһӡ֮УϴʿϢһͨʿ
ʿ󣬸оš
ӦǷ¶ԸһǿУûлɱԷֻǽǿѹ֮У
ͷǳ棬ͷһЩǿƶʯסֻǽסûķƣֻжЩ㡣
ֶӡ٣һʮΧһЩԴҩʮ֣кü֣˲ιҲʮʽסʥ׷͸ˡ
ħϢ
ոտһӡ뱦ڲϣǱʩչĿ½硣
Ƿ¶뷨ںϣܲ˾˷ӡռ䡣
ӽϢ֮УһϤĺڰħһ˿˿͸ƺڷ磬ò󣬽峬Խħ̫ࡣ


1983 ɽħ
ħһϢ
ˣΪ֮Уֻӡһħǿߣȴû뵽оһ˿ǿϢ
ǰģˣҲһʯסʯ̸Ϊǿ󣬻һͷš
ȷӡʯ̣Ҫ̫ࡣ
һͷ΢΢ħһӰһȣȻиʥ¶Ǹ˷ӡڴˣ
Է¶ˣûôȻؽһеôһƺߵЦ
棡
ǿûд磬Ի޷ģλǰһ³֪λǰа취ߣ
ߣ
ǸЦ㲻֪¶誶ҲԣһʥɡɶǣɣӵгΪǿߵʣͻƴ̤ɣǿΪһǿߣǶһ߹ģ뷽¶֮ж࣬˶аִܽˡӡӳȥǻﳤꣿ
ꣿ
·׹
갡Ƴ£治ǧ꣬һ֣ȹµĴ
һħǿߵˣǲǴ㣬״̬ǲӳȥģ¶誻ǣѾҵȱȡһգδȻ޷ӳȻ㶼ˣҲи飬ûģҲɴʱ䣬˭֪¶鲻ãͰǸɱˣ
鲻þ͸ˣ
Լ
û뵽ͷ˾·¶誣֪¶ʵж£Ȼ˿֮ɲʵӵ
ܸоӡ֮УһһаʿӦȴȷΪƳɽһԳԽɡ
ģӰ˺˵ֿԶԸ¶誣жƸ
ɿ󰵰ѵˣΪȻϼ޻֮˺뻢ıƤҲȷ¶誸Σգ
֪ǲʡ͵ĵƣǼǲͱ¶ɱˣܷӡڴˣܱ겻ȻܿһЩŵ
СӣȻ˵˵Ϊη¶課ɱ㣿Ǻܺ棬Ϊһʥϵõʲô
ǸħͻȻ˵
ҸоСзϢǸߣһߣ˲ӡȻӦһ˿˿Ϣ
ԾѣȻ˶Ǿ
Ƿ߰Ƿߣɽ֮УʲôɽҺڰԲ̫УɽȲͬǷֲڲͬɽʱգһɳЩ֮У˷
ǻãԼݰɣ㻹ΪЧɣΪУ
аԶʱڣǺڰһϾɱԶǱӡںڰ֮УȴܹúɽҲ̫ƽ
˭Ѫԣҵġ
Ҳòȥ
ǿû뵽濪ʼ졣
󣬵֪ħǿԺڰ磬СɽħǺǿߣһͳ죬ֲħϤһħ塢йصħͷ
һСҲԼɾһɢޣȥضᱦ¶誣ѹڴꡣ
¶ɽħǺһͳ죬ԴںߺܶܣҲĳֱйϵ¶ûɱһõĳֶ
ȷϼ޻ڷռ䣬뷽¶ܼ꣬ס˵ɽħ򵥡
Сӣ˵˵㵽Ϊα¶誹ؽɽħٴӽͷ
ӦǷߣڷ֮У¶ڷɽ絽ңⲻ̫û뵽ڷȣŮϣ
Ҳ򵥣÷¶ӵΪܵһʥǲףɣЦɽħƺѾγɱ
ȴܸӣڼƻţɽħԸ¶誣ӳȥܶƸ
ӳȥбƸǺһݿܡ
ಣ
ͻȻ󷽰շȻһֲâ
Ƿ¶
濴â֮Уһӡһӡ뷨ռ䣬һ߱ʯס
治򵥣ȫ岢ԲⵣһԼʮɣĺ󱳳һԳ򣬸һ˫צӣ¶뷨ռ䣬׹˲仹һצץء
֮󣬷տֲŭϷǵâˣˣе뱾һս
âһΣ¶־ͶӰٶ
꣡
û뵽һᣬڴϣͬĥʱһӳѪģ
Ǻεȴߣоܲ򵥣Ϣһֺ֮ĸоڴ³ѾϵȴϢס


1984 ԭй
ɿڿ˿ˣӦһ࣬շУٶȾˣҲڵɳۡܣ綾ˣ޾츳ͨ
ߣ
ɿֵٶȺܿ죬һ綾޾κʿҲǣ߻һһЩʱգǳ֮зУܶǿѹǽȥһЩյðգᱦ
߱ĥһӣ¶課ͣ֡
¶棬ֻɨһۣŵľ̥óöѾǶҩҪһЩҩҪ̥֮Һ
̥ݣ۾һǱϤĺܣڷ͵õ̥ݣΪʦԪʻ綾
²ŭˣһ·Ҿͽ̥ݸ㣬ǿǶҩҩҲȥҪҩ
¶誽ζ˵Ҳûɱ𣿡
뿪Ҳ㣬ҪĻбԼȥȡ߶ɲöԸ
Ҳɱ㣬Ϊ̥ݣҲ㵱´ȥǴԭյأﺮ⣬ȥһɣ
ߣ˵Ǵԭյأ䲻أǾ˵ǳΣգ㲻ɱҡ
һʱ俼ǣҲɱ㣬ĥ㣡
¶һû뵽һᣬһߡ
رԭյأ
Զ潫˶ԻһֲסͻȻ뵽ϴνأǴصıԭյء
µǣԭյȻиŮ˵
׽ţԽԾѵ¶Ҳ֪ǴԭҲȥ˵ıԭȥǴôһ֪һЩǴԭܣ
棬㵨ӲС鵽ܣ
¶課֪ʲôʱǰ
ЦҲǵģͿЩԴ۽磡
ﱦ࣬Ȳƺ«㣬ƺ«ں϶ˣεȳ̶ȣ
ںǧ꣬ڵεȳ̶ȣҲ̫Ͳ«ںȥ
ƺ«֮УЩӡӡң
ã
û취¶һھƸ˵޷ںϱ«
ԼǷ¶ںøĹؼԿף뵽¶һֹһΡΡ
ҿɲƸںӡ¶誣пʧȥ«ֻһӡһЩӡںС
¶ٲţҲҪܳʱ䣬ԼƽЩӡ
Ůǿ߽ǰһЩϢȥ·ʧɽħʯӡһ¶誣ֺ
еèĸоУһ࿴֡
¶ĿⶼڳϣǴԭֹʯ֪ϱأ㽫ʯ뺮Ԩ֮У㲻ʯλã˵꣬ʮҲС£
һ˲ǱԭĪǴԭյأ
ҡҡͷ֪˵ˣҲŹң粻˵ߣ˵ˣҲòʯʯӦԼܣϿȥƽģҿͱĻ㲻Ҳʯǿ߰׹𣿡
ҵ£ֻҪ˵ʯ׹ǴԭԨȥأҵʯͻ·¶ִ˵һĥ㣬Ҫ֪Ϊͻһݣ߶ѻ󣬶ǿӶ䣬ĿǰҾ硢ʵ಻ʵ㱻ڴˣʵҺܿᳬԽ㣬ʱʵҪ˵Ѿˣ
ͻȻмǸʵ˵ΪҸ磬ͻһݣҪԽҺüݣܶпʩչѻ֮ҿɲᱻ㼿ƭˣ
꣡
һҲԳг
ɱһΪͷƳɽһĴڣһĥƳʱУ֪뽫¶誸ɱˡ
ĥһӣ¶誻ֽĨȥٿѪģѪĳȰôҲһԽһΪһαҷҪȥ㿴ӣǲҲ̶ã
ôţӲ˵óѣʲôҲ˵ˣҲңΪĿǰֻ㡢֪ԭʯ׹Ǵռ䣬Ҳ˵㿿ԼȥƽܣҪ꣬Ҳȫ㣡
һ˼ô򣡡
Ҳʹ죬Ҿ㲻ʹ죬б¸һʹ죡
룬òܣǲɱ㣬̫ãһԸںƺ«ʵһ죬ξļ䣡
ƺ«
ղŻܵ⣬һۿ棬ͻȻһĪĺ⣬޲ýˡ
¶ĥһӣȥ


1985 ͼ
СӣȻƺ«ٴѪ
ˣ·¶誾ӵоԽʵк«ҲҵĴڱȥ
ɽħҲģɰͰ͵ҡͷƺ«ǿɽഫһҲ͵ʮˣ󲿷ֺ«ʧֻмĿǰСˣԸҪ«ҲҪ
ɺСӣȻ÷¶Ǹ˵õ«ƺ«ഫڲӵж磬ҷǳ⣬ȻںϺ«֮󣬿ں߳Խ󲿷ˣع֮ͨΪƫƫʱ÷¶誵õ
ͻȻĪЦλҲõģ
ɽħŭȣСӶʲôǼΪоԳԽʵֶξˣʱǽѻ꣬ǣǾڣҲСڣ
λǰҲһǳʹ޷¶誣Ҳǳ
Сʲô˼ӣĪǻл˵ʲôǿԻȥҪ֮ġ
ҲλǰһϢԼһϢϢƺ«ܱ¶ڶʱںϣǲ̫ģϢпܻǻںƺ«
Сӹ˵Ҳ˵
ɽħ͵ڷƨƨֻ졣
ʧˣ
˵һηǳֱԪû˵꣬ʵѾƺ«һططһͨ
ƨͷţܲͷͲţһͨСӣӵƺ«ܡ
ͨطƺ«ںϣʩչ⹥ú«ҺⲿԵ۽׷ƷʣǿԻ鱦ʽ׷λǰΣ
ַܸӡڲ߶һ
ȻУиҪΪʵԽǿ󣬴߶ƺ«ҲԽԵһ飬Ǵһӣӳȥ
˻棿
ЦҪλǰΪʵλǰԸ⣬Ǿ͵ôӦһ
㻹
λǰͷƺ«֮ǰұԪ֮Уֲӡǲܴҵ⣬Ҳʩչ鷨
ͷͷͷǵ渵
Ѱģǻɡ
һ£ţһ˵ӳȥһ˿ϣɽħѾġ
ĬĬЦЦ˵ʲôͷֻʵԪǣܿǿߡ
ˣоͷá
ڣ
ɽħ棬ߵСӣ
֣ţû취òţ룬Ǳ꣬ʲôʲôѵеᣬΪβԣһСطͨأɽħ
һƣ˰ŵƺ«ഫޱأޱ߰«Ҳɣһʥܴ߶֮еϷ
˵Ҳ޷߶«Ҫ֮ϵܣȫһԣûһʧ뿴취Уȫɱȥָɣʱǲɱ¶誣ҲԵõƺ«˱ɣ
У¶課Źǣ
ɱǣܵƤ֮ʲô
ҲǣԲ֪УСǣӳȥٽ˶ɱˣСҪԺֲӡɲС£
ĪϵܻţһʥϣӵΪԪֶβɣ
⵹ǣСʲôǿʮĴڡ
Ǻúıı
˸о죬Ѿĵһ
ͷıԸš¶誣ӡ⣬ҲζԸ¶ͷ
ھ͵ɽħظаգ϶˻ֶͬԸ¶誡
ȻƬ̹ھʹɽħԪ
濿磬Ԫ͸ȻЩͣȱ˵߶ƺ«⿴񾳵أ㱻¶誷ӡǶ˲ӡн֣ҪӷӡǲܵģٴţܴӽָɣǾͬ㽨飬
ģҪȶԶλֲԪӡٶֻ磬λʯ飬ȴʯӡСһ˿˿ᱻ¶課λú룬Ը⣬ھֲԪӡԶλʵΨһԶţһСնɱ
ΪǰǶΪԽʥƭһʥ
ҲǷߣֻ뱣ɱ֮ΪʥŲԱ
ҪֲԪӡ
Ǻԥɵö࿴ɽħ
ǾͷҲ⽫Ԫ񣬸ֲӡ
ɽħϵܣҿɲһӹҿλСֵаգǾͻȥһѣ


1986 
ϸģ
ͷǴӦνֲӡǿɲܰ㣬ÿԼ취
һƺ«֮⣬õһЩһκʡϢӡһЩȻȥΪλǰֲӡֻҪӡһɣҾǰţ
Ŷ
һ챦۾ˡ
ʲô챦ʩչӡˣȻҲ챦йϵΪӡ㡣
ɽħҪ澿ܻܲ硣
˫ְڽ磬˲ͬ˿룬˫ΧɳһЩӡǣ緢˿Ȼﶯٱ˫ɡ
ϸ磬˵ãƺ«ģСҵģ󷨱滯һ˫۾ֱˡ
ӡ˫ΧΪڴʧԼһ룬óֲԪӡְһԪ񣬾촩󷨡
ಣ
Ԫ˳󷨣ɽħӭӣͷԪû˿Ʊ
ԪԺԪͨԪʵ΢Цţȷ飬һЩԪӡһԲֱ֣ͨԪ
оԪϢǿ󣬱ͷΧͨԪ񣬾ɰʯࡣ
ɽħЦϵܣҾ˵ɣֲԪһʥԪӡжǿȾͷ
Բֹ⻷ӿ룬ģȷҲмִ֪Ա̫߹Լ֪ܴʯӡ޷߶Ʒ鱦ĥ
һʥܴĸˣһꣿܱۣɽħҲڨڨЦ
ͷӡǣΪء޵İԲ֣ԼͨԪںϣδʲô⡣
ⷬףܴķ˺κβ޷鷨Ҳ԰ǣ౻¶ĥһʱ䣬һǾӳ졣
ʮϢԲʧԪ֮Уƺͷδֲס
ЦԪӡֲǶ˶ŵԣأλǶʯⶼ޷򿪣СӾǴţ
ֻԪ־ӷӡڲͷŷջ棬󷨣汾شӿ룬Χѱӡһ֣Ԫ־ƣ硣
ʯ°סҲƶʯûͷǰֲֻס˰ˣδҲ¶誾ã̶ֳܷӡ档
ಣ
һ̣󷨷ӡͷ⻹ǵһ棬δ˵ֻո棬Ϳϼ޻öԸ񣬾Ǽʱ̵ų֡
λǰĪҪͷƣҲĪ񣬻رںϴͨʯп
ɽħ󷽡
ͷҲû˵;Ưţûжﻹһӻˮ˵ζԸ档
氵д߶ɽʯҪʮѾɣ¶ʵίʵ£ǶҲ޷򿪣Ψɽԣ
뵽ڴ߶ǿҡ
ư֮УһɽâͻȻ̳ӺնһâͽסʯпɽӺ󱳴̳һһ㽣Ѿʯп
Ŷ
ͷǿϲ
ɲǴѿʯ֮лָɣץסɽѸײڶ֮նʯδκʯѾʼѡ
СӹȻûƭң¶誣ˣס꣬˺㣡ɽħָһ̣ħɷʼգ۰Ħ
Ҳָɣת棬ʮУƺδʲôⱦĿЩ粻
ɽħ򣺡֣ץʱ뿪ʱһܱܿ¶課
ͷȴԪƽϷɳԪ룬Ҳ뿪
ɳ磬ͷһ֮ǰʯӡ֮УӳǱռ䡣
ĥƬ̣ʽ׷ɣҲֻܴ߶ɡΪҲܽʽ׷ʩչ£ҲԽһƷʲĻʽ׷飡
ǰʹûʽ׷ʽ꣬Ȼ̶ȣзԴԱ¶誳ߣ֮ǰ۷֮һܻʽ׷ɽħҲЩź
ֿ棬û뵽Ѿڽӡ
ףλǰűǣڴ߶Ŵطƺ«ͨһͨɹҪλǰͷԼǿطںԴڲҲܴ߶ƺ«ʩչ
ҲϣСӿԹͨƺ«һȴţεûǰӡ
ԼͷǿӳڣҲδأԽϴӡ


1987 ǧһ
磡
ʯڣƸƯڻ֮У࣡ðһЩǣգҪ«󷨻Ǻ«û˿
Ǵ֮еƺ«Ȼȥûһ˿ջ񣡡
¶ڻǰɻպ«ûһ˿չҲ¶ּȡ
ûǿʵҾ޷֪Ǵԭܣǵȵط׶ԻţǰȥʵûͻͽȥҲ޷õر
ƺ«ںϣҾո֮Һ«Ҳǵ۽׷ȥյոָҲںƺ«ǵô֣һʥίʵ⡣
ʵڲУֻнնɱʬڣ屦Ҳڣ屦Ҳӵеģ뽻壬ƺ«ҵģر֣ΪҲֻʱ⣬ܵõԭܣʱԼӰܳԽ壡
¶ϸϸ˼š
ѾɱģȻ޷ںƺ«ԼУֻܰװ׿ţ˷Ѽ꾫Խ뵽Խ鲻˳
ʱĿΪ䣬·¾ɱԽͷš
ڷ¶ĳѪһƯţΧѪϾںϡ
ڲ治ͷԴ˼ӳڣһַӡΪһͷ
СӳǼĽһѳԲ
ˣ
ٽӡʱ˲ƯԽףڼݡ

һɽâڲһɫɽ汬ֲɫɽɱȥ
ͷλǰ׼ãƺ«Ҳڴ繥
ɽħͷڱǸǿǽâһټݡ
һײ֮󣬽֮âٴκ¡ըһҫ۹âθѵ˲ɢ
âըգۼ䣬һѪʹӱ͸˿ԼһڣǶ֮Ƿ¶Ѫϡ
ۣ
¡
ͬʱ
ʯͷɻƺ«ķ¶誣¸ҲȻըһѪ̫ͻȻһˣѪй
ըһȭͷѪڲзƬԼâڲ㽫Ѫá
ôܣ
¶ɫ԰ף˫ֳŵأιȥ˴ڱ֪ôֲ

һ̣Ѿ޷ڶʱ˿ڣѾڱѪһӰŷشһԾ
Ȼǣ
¶誼ӰѪɳ޵ҧгݣȴڴʱǹӰҲ˶Ѫǿڱֶƺ«һץ«ǿоŷӡġ
ಣ
Ӱȥ֮⣬һ飬ɽħ滹֮ǰ뱦ߣһŹӰʧء
˳ʯڣŷ¶誣¶誣ˣҲн죡
֣ʱɲ˷ʱʱһָһЩˣʵҲԶԸɽħɱȻԼͬһɱԵƾ
ԭزͻȻڣƳ¶誣ƺ«ڣ
߼ӳʯҲ廯Ϊһɶ೤˴ӳȥ
¡
˸ո뿪ʯɽգû뵽ʯͻȻը
ۣ
ʯɣɽħӱ֮Ǳɣû뵽ؿھȻһۡ
ˣǵǺ㻹һû뵽ʱ䣬Ҳ
ɽħѪȴͷħɷʯ֮УһŮӱŷ¶誳֡
Ƿ¶Ǹ
뷽¶誼һģֻǷûж飬¶誱ƿ̫أÿһƺ
¶誱ŭȵҷ¶誾ȻУû뵽ЩϣҲֶΣ
ٴУûзղǳһƣ㹻ɱ㣬Ǵ֮ʿȷֶ죡
һҲӲˣΪ鱦ˣǾߣҷ֮ȫѹǣ˳ţ˶Ҫ
ɱ
ɽħһһͬĳְͨ׹ƺѹȥ
û뵽֮ͷȻתߡ
ǳĳ
ͷǿĴڣûǿʵҲ
ಣ
֮ʣԱ߾ȻҲˡ
ߣ뵽ǻߣ¶課ڵϣԵúķȴռһ
ݣ
ȻҶˣҲҪߣȡƸǿ߶ˣȻǷ¶誶֣Ҫжر«Ըǿ·
ͷһӳףȻû뵽ǰһƯһһƯ
мնɽħȭâнû뵽Ȼܽ˹ƻ飬κβü
ҲһҽУͬҲ
¶誷Ҳǰٻֽӡ˲仯ΪһԲȦΧǧװΧ


1988 ɽħԱ
ץһڻʽ׷ɽƷʴﵽ£һڰɫɽһЩɫҺ
·һ̣ȷ¶誱ҪԵĶ࣬ӽһָԻţ˶Ҫ
ɽħȫħһ䣬Խ𣺡ƴˣΪ㣿¶誣˽춼
Ҳƴˣ
ߴһɶ˲һλΪ׶೤¶Ǽ˷ë޾ֲ
ɱ𣡡
ǳȻһˣɱ¶誱
ݣ
ӷ¶誱Ÿʱʮڽҷ¶Ҳץһڵ۽׷ɽ
۽ף
ô࣬ͨһɽ;У˫ִͨɽɱ

һͨɽһ顢һ齫ͨɽն
ͨɽ¶ƺһϢܿƽǷǳ¡
һЩͨɽƬ¶誱׹۽׷ɽܽƬ׻顣
Сˣһٴɱͨú÷¶誱޷Χɱơ
䣡
ǰ¶誱ҪԸˣȾɽħ֣߳ʵҲǳǿߣֲβɨȥȻ뷽¶誷ֱӿ⡣
ɽħûзҲܼһЩħħħɷƣԸɱķ
Ψһ޶ԡ
ǲǲܶΧκһȡΪǶǳԽɵ
ߴʱ˶Ը¶ʲô֣һ֣͵óԼ
ⳡսûϵǼǿߣǷ¶誣޷ԸĴڣʱ׽ţǲȥҪߣҲѡ
ݣ
û뵽һƯԶĽȻմ
棬ΪҲɱ㣿ɱ֮Ҫʬ壬ƺ«ںϻ⣬Ӵ˺«ҷ¶誵ģ¶Ҳ罣һӸ
濴Žɱ·ֻܵűնɱƺ«㲻ںϣ˵Σ
㲻֪ߵغ񣬶ǷߣҲǲͬģ޷Ĵڣ㹻ȡ¶ҲſֲԪ񹥻Ҫ־
С񣡡
ɲǼһתڽһ֮ʣâƤ˺ѣ𽥽֮

һתһӰ󷽣պñС
ɱС漸һϷȴԼ飬һʧ
ǺεȻܣӲȣɸ߶ȣһ¶誱ԶԸ϶һ𺳵ˡ
ϱһδ𺳣֮ǰرƺ«ǻܣԼ֮ǰ鱦شǹɿ½ơ
һʥߣжر
棬أҲҪɱ㣬ɱ֮һжҵģոջ鱦شǹɽƣɽħԼ˱סܴ꣬鱦ͻᶯ֣αصȵ죿
¶룬ʼҷӡ֮ǰѾзԴȡߣÿҲӦǲֽƻʽ׷һ㣬̫ྪϲҾڣӵгƺ«ر
ಣ
¶ǼΧɱ
߶С壬ϽܣҲѰһӳȥ
أ
һҽдһ
ԭɽħһն˫ȣһ֮⣬Է¶誷лʽɽǿѹɽħԱ߻ߣ¶誷Ҳ࣬ܲһɱɽħ
ѾֲԪӡǣ̫ͨ潣ˣ̫ϧ
ͷն˫ȣɼôʹࡣ
Ͻ跨־
¶誷Ҫһɽħͷȡ£֪ħһҪԸѡ
һβɨ䶾Һ·¶誷綾մȾȻβ𿪣ҲǱĺܡ
ɽħͻȻͷǣ˫ֶ¸źݺһᣬħɷҫ˲Ҫ¶誷
ԶԶħɷúϤȻ𺳣ħ壿ԭɽħҲԵعԨԺһǿߣӦþͳ죬ǰЩͳ죡
䣡
¶誷ɽħǴգ˲䱻һڰըûֱӷŴһһκʶħɷըɣƾ
ϽܡڣȻԱ
һͷƵԱҲϧòһ
ۣ
ȫѪģȻɽħԱ֮ҲѾˡ
ۣ
¶誱ٴѪҲֻΧǱӴܣ֪ɽħڶ챻
ֻ¶誱վǽ˭ҲӲߣƵҷˣһҪ
ȻǴħɷ֮УһӰɳǷ¶誱
ϧҲˣöѪڣֱɱΧٽ뷢β֮ʣ꣬ٽеƤ


1989 ӷ
߲Ƕ֣츳㱻شҲţ
ҷˣҷˣ
Ҳ׷ɱ֮ʣû뵽ȻһԷ¶誹£ΪٲͶὫնɱ
ҲûɽħԱҪôҪôţջѡ񹶻
䣡
¹ģ¶ŭգûɱҲŹһƽɡ
棬ֵˣˣҲֲţ¶誱ԦۼΧ
ಣ
û뵽һӰΧƲ֮Уƶ
桢¶課࣬ſһŮӣѾΧһͽ¶調ƽһ˲顣
Ṳ̊齣һ˿Ӱ죬Ӹ߿ո棬ҵˣ
ӣ
źӣû뵽Ȼʱ׷
æӣֿ¶誣ǰǺл¶ǼɵɫͻȻһͶźӸߺˣٰҶԸˣɱǰңҲ㣡

һ߱¶誷һͷ
֮ʣ¶誷;нֻһĳߡ
ಣ
¶誱Ѿڵ۽׷ɽһߡ
ˣˣӴʱɱ÷¶ΪһģºʵѡߣȶԸһǿУ¶ߣϧҲߡ
ಣ
磬һڻʽɽҲѡߡ
ԭңǸŮߣһнʵָһЩ㻹߲ɣͷһɫâ̤ϼ׷ȥ
¶誼ˣ
ʱӣˣҲ˫ܿʧټ֮С
ݣ
ݣ
Ʋһ޻ǣгƶһȦȦˡ
ӾϢ֮ҲƲ׷ٶԽԽ죬û뵽̶ʱ䣬Ůʵָ˾ˡ
Խɽ룬ֻҲǧףȻЦ棬ĺУô㲻ҪˣȻҲһ

ĿǰᵣСΣգϾĿֻһ
һƳźһŻ׷һСԻжأ㻹õͼҪСԺԪӡ⣬ϧԪֲɣӵ޷طź쳾ھͷҲʱ仯⣬ʵָܻɣ
˵ָɣָһɣҾܽɱӺ𿴶ԷֻһʥȴǲöԸ
ĳϿȡ
ǱӰֺϿ֮С
Ƿ¶誡ķţһͷ⬣ŲҶ
¶誷Ϊ֣һӣΪǿŮӣû׷
˼Ƭ̣࣬ҡҡͷǸŮ׷ǱȻǶ֣ܸоǸŮ򵥣ȻϢǿ󣬵ǳ䣬˵ΪԽ֮ϣ壬ǴϼĴڣκδҲǶڣƶϣŮҪǿٱֹ
һʥܽʶִڣŮӲδ׷ƺϵô𣬳δã
ӡˣСĴˣˣ
˵ۿɽħ䣬ͷֱ꣬ڳΪһͨˡ
¶調ͷﺰġ
ŷ¶誡ϿΧʯնϢͶѳһСɽڲ󷨱
¶ɵҩһָԳһ˵˵ǴԭҲ֪Ķ
ֱԭϹɣڲϱʯȻγ󷨣ǰӷֱͥһЩ˷ԭλãЩ˲ܵõԭڲأԭǿʯʱҿʯʯ·ԣֻʯЩģ·ĳӡһ֣

¶ü£Ϣƣҵûп壬ǼǿߣȻһӽ󷨣ʯ㣬⽫󷨱飬ֶദԨȣʯҲ׹һȣ
ͽʯ׹λãϸӡǿӡ´νأһҵʯʯҵԭܣ
㻹֪ʲô
ʱһЩţϾЩȽԭ˵ǱԭһԶǿµĵһǿзĹܽһյᣬʵֶΣڴ䶼ûʯû˿ҵԭܣ󷨲ϱ仯Ӧ޷͸ܽ˲ΪҲֿסϢ
Ƚλøң
ҿٴǰأһ֮ظҵʯ
ĿǰһܹȥΪ̫ҲҪأ߸Ҫںƺ«£Ҳǰء
һʥеֶΣΪһܼƺ«
Ϊ򵥣
¶ɱŨԳ


1990 ⨺
ͻȻʣǲǻһر˵˵δӡӳ
ĸԥͽɽħڷڲʱЩæ˵˳
ֶΣԭƺ«屦Լһʱһ˼Ҫںƺ«ûжиӦ
ڣ
Ƿ¶誴ʱдգϧûкҩ
ƻָһЩȥɱ棬Ϣͨƺ«һЩʰ㣡
þ֮󣬷¶課Ž·ӡ뷨֮С

ӻŹң
º
߶ɽٶȴǻͷܿһ滨׷úʵָδ̬߶ȣԷΪĪ⣬׷ȥ׷
ƺ«ڷ¶ҵþȥӱ˦Ȼζƺ«ֵĺƺ«

һӡͻȻŴ
⣡
оͷһٶȾȻһϼ⣬Ȼղ𵴣ⷽɽ·ֺ֮৶
׷׺󷽣ŭԭָҪ׶Σ˷ѶٱԴڻָ״̬ͿԽ£û뵽ñʩչԴҶʱָװ˷ѣ棬ɣ
۸ɣ
ˣ
ת䣬ӲŻˣӷջǰȻɻա
նɱκʥɣɣ
һʥֵܵ
ѹ֮ʣһС󷽳֣ۣС񣬸޷ԽС񣬷׷ױڰա
ⱦӷǳԾ񣺡ⲻһܣӦóϴ֣֮ҵģ
ݣ
һӡӺӽ»ϼɱˢˢˢһҧ
ͷƣС
СΪʮɶߣѳɾˣ־Ǵлϡﻩһ䣬ͳͳѡ
ҲܵӰ죬ϼ汻һЩ
ˣˣһ̣һѾõڴ޴
ͨ
˷ܰãƿҪ
ɲһˣѪħںϣܵشգѾָ٣¶ǸˣһҪ𣡡
ȶԸӣ߶̫潣׼͵ϮˣСסСڣɱңҲСնɱܽסɱɱֻҪ߾ˣ
ҼϢ
ͨظԪϢԽԽ
ͻѪΧǸֻƹСԾ޴֮Ի󲿷ֹƣ治Ű򣬴ϰһͻѪ
һ˲䣬Χ˳һͻÿһɾ޴󣬾ʮͷɱӡ
ǲͨϧΪ̫ͣҲź˵귢仯Ϊͻһɱ
û뵽ͻһж޷ס顣
һᣬһӺӺ󷽴ǽ֮Уһڻʽɽ
ӼæתɱһŻƣȻа֣ҺʵָһЩȻİ
䣡
һ̫£ɱлƣͽƻ飬һڻʽɽӴһץһɽնѵһŽɽɡ
ߣͨԦ̫潣Ӻɱղ̫潣ɱƣܶԺӴв
䣡
Сһɽƣ߶СӺ󷽱ӡ
ǰͨԦ̫潣סӣԷȷǲ±ΧȻݲȣһδСǰٶȶƣͨ߶̫潣չ̫ܿ潣ʵҲӣһЩ
Ȥ
Ȥ
ɱòɿ˭֪մһЦ
˭
˼һͬѰԴʱ֣ȻһʵܳԽ̫潣ǲºӵ
㱼䣬һƴƶһߣһ£׷߳ס沿ϡͫ⡣
˲ߣ߼һֻСӣһֻ⨺ֻаƴСڲСԴŤŤȥ
Ȥߵ˵һĨ΢ЦѾһ֮İմɱ
˼ƶƺֻǾɱֻǺˡ
Ǻǿߣ
桢ͨ⨺ϢоɱǺԮ֣ȻںС
뷨ͬҲںԺ֣ͬ⨺йϵ
ͻȻģλ⨺񣺡ǰ
⸧°ͣСĪ֪ࣿ
̫ɽʿδǰҲ֪ǰǰȥ̫ɽ磬ǰഫ˵
ԭˣ̫ɽʿԭˣӵ̫Ҿ㹦ϢֲЩϤź쳾ڵӣ
ǣ
ź쳾ڻǰȥһΣ㣬𣬿гֹ⣬ˣΪСӶ


1991 
⨺˴ʱһ˫Ŀ⣬ԼԼ͸档
ΪҶ¿ɻˣڶԷǰСһʵʵ⨺˺䲻
ΪԼ
ȥӻԸ棬ȥֻ뿪Ƴһ档
⨺ʲôҲû˵ĬĬúȥ
ͨƷӡҲڣΪζֻܳ˵ǰΪ
һᣬȴһΪϣӦϤϢԾˣԾ
ϤϢ
һ̣һ仰ʳľǲǵõűǹ
ȷй𺳣²֪ȴλǰ󷽳ϡ
߸пûãҲɽ֮ڰ˷һŸˣϻһҲϤոմ߶ʯܣ
С
˾Ȼ֪Сɣβ㾪ǺӵõСŪСû֪ʯ񾿾Ժδ
ֻ̾ǿСЩ飬ʯ̫ƾã̫ǿ֮õ֪Ҳ֪ɣ
汧ȭϸо⣬˷ǳƣ½õҲһֱŪǰԣӷ絽ɽ磬ûһ֪ʯˣ
ûŪΪ㻹ûǸ磬ĻԵˣʱȥŪĳ࣬߾֭Ū壬Եһܶӭж⣬ͥΪͼܲͼӵߣҲҲǰһˣδĳ죬ǻЩͼӵߣ
ǰɷʯ
Ѿ˵ĻԵҪԼȥҵ࣬ˣ֪ʯкãûаԾڴˣȥĴߡ
⨺˵꾹ȻƾҪȥ
漲ǰγƺ
ɽ˶⨺ˣķߣŬУԺ󻹻ģԵɣ䣬һ仰⨺˾Ͳˡ
ǵƶƺһ𣬾СϪ󺣡
һֱֽ䱸ͨɿ⨺ˣˣ˺ȥҴңΪֲ֪Ҫɱֻգգ۵£ϼһ治֪ϻ챦ȴδһ˼ɽҳ
ȻײβȻҾⷽЩ˼ĪԵֲɣ
ߣ
Ȼ뵽ʲôͨϽ
ȥ㣬һϮѰϢ
Ӧ˦һξ룬ҲܶʱȷϢŮСѰҵϢ
Ҵ£
ͨδϢһֱæŶܺ׷ɱȥķͥ
ʱ䲢δϢŶƺ«ڷ¶ϣŮпܻȥȣҲܿȥͥ
ѰһɽôҪ׼ͻƴɡ
ǺӣǷ¶誣һҴʥͻƴɣԸǾ׵Ķ࣬ӾͨСϢҵңҲڼʱ䣬ʱұץʱͻƴɣʩչطϢѰҷ¶ټ϶ƺ«취ԸӣϾ̫ѶԸ¶ֻһԽɵľͷΪ֪ྪˣ
úã̫ͨ潣ڴ֮⣬Ϊɽٻ
óƷƷʯ취̳ؾںϣϳɳɫѪΪѾ̤ʥ۷棬ʱ׼ٵ
ΪԾٶͻƴɣֹѰ޼ɵʩչöɲΪѪѪǰһѪֹжںϷһԼϡ
ڳȫѪΪѪɫУ𵴣Ѫɫ𻨾˳İ
氵üһһ磬СӶߣƸҲڷ¶Уƻȥִж񣬿ҪƱԼСȥִ񣡡
Ƹ̫Ҫһͷ֣򲻹һ«֮б
񱦺«ڷ¶УһǿߣӮĻֻͶǶ³
ѪһžţѪٶȣѾǳ屶֮£Ѫ֮Ѿһ˿
Ҫͻˣ
ɣ
ֹȥһ£ǰʱ䣬ѪΪ״̬ͷھɲǼ䣬ؿʼӿһЩ˷ۼһЩɽһγɡ
ɿ뿪ͨһΧء
ڴ֮Уз̳ʵԶԶʥԸɴٲ̫⣬֮ǰͨɽʱѾ֪ٺֲоʵõġ
죬ٲγɣʮƬܶදѡ


1992 еľ
ɷͶΧﻯΪһ֮أƺڽسͷ
ƷڶڲйܿһٻγɵĻˣԼһֱӾ׹£һ׽ٻγɣ׹ء
Ѫ
ֻ˫һһߣɲǼ䣬Ѫ֣һΪһƴ١
ֻоһ𣬾ͿСС㣬Ȼǽٻ˳飬һĻһ飬鳡ɽ緢Ǳ
ּڶѪеڶһסԵ飬׶ɽ٣üͨҲġ
һؽٻϮȴѪ֣Ҳʹһʵд£ʩչһ㣬Ȼ״ﵽ죬ԻپСһ
꣡
ͻȻһ߳أ
ڲٽٻƬ֮У̧ͷһ׵֮бߣƺٶ˺ѡ
δϴҪֱӿ׽֮ͬظɽϴ裬ʥϴﵽɸ߶ȣ׽ֲ̫ܶʥΪǿԪ񲻹䣬ϴ׽֮£
ʱ治죬Ĳûжһɫ
һװ׵Ϯʱӷֱ߶£˺ѿռ䣬նһת˲ͷ
һ̣׽֮ƺҪһҰ𵴡ЩԴ챻׽ֱӻ顣
˵ǣȻûһ飬׵ǣ֮У˫֡˫Ŷ׵ڱߡ
оѿһ϶׽֮·
ѾԼͨԪҲƺʧʹû֪ѾѪͷζ
һ׹⾪ţ̧ͷһڶϴ׵ٽٶǰǰҪܾŴ׽ϴ衣
׽ϴÿһζʿԣǻġ
ڶ׽ٻͷ汻Ѫͷ沿ӶһѪۣĿģ׻ֱ֮ȲʱѿҪѪ顣
ʵԶԶԽʥ̤λɾ磬׽ϴ֮ߣʱ򣬴󲿷ʥɽ٣ѡȥ⡢ֿһ׽Ȼ˭ȥܳĴ
ȴδ׽ٺص˲أڵ׻֮ϴ衣
Ŵ׽ϴûмϹȵھŵϴ׽ٺ濴ȥѪģƤ
ϧٻûʧһشپǻý١
ںĴ٣Ϊʵǿ־Ԫ񲻹ǿ󣬵ĲᣬȻҪڻý֮УܳΪһɢޡ
Ϣ·׽ٴϮοɲϴ٣ʮ
ģ
ţʹԼѣͨԪҲΡ벻߶΢΢طӳ֣һոտһ׻ɱûκʹࡣ
ֿٻգ籩и·֮УûһʹλǰһĻĻͣ仯
һлʧʱϢѾһ޷ֿٹâ
ζŻýѾ֪ʧȥ
ž
ٹâ֮пʼ飬Ѱͻһڵ⣬ɼͷ飬ȫųһ顣
ʱʥͻƣ̤ɣ˵ɫͷŸԣ֮ʱöɲΪɵҲ࣡
֮еȴ棬ͻȻ뵽ʲô
˫ּһâԭǳɫɳƯͷ
ֱƿأһʵǿйɫһͳԽɳ̶ȣҲɶԡ
£ɫһͷųƽʱǿʢ屶Ļԣޱȣ濴ϲ֮Уϡ
ʱΧɶԹ⻷֣Ƿˣ壬Զ塣
֮Уһ죬ӭʥ֮ɿʼ
ǽ𵤡
˲֮ǰ֮飬ڽ£ʼաٴλΪһոµĽ𵤡
һ̣ɫԣɴѪбҩʯ̥ԪʯȵԴ˾Դ£Ծٶ֮֮ǰѪۡѪʧ
仯Ǿ˵ģܿϺʥϢһֹϵĳһɡ
ɣԶʱǿ߾磬ʱǿߣ֮Ϊɣʱ֮Уǿߵı־Ϊɣ˵ʸΪɽ֮ľͷ
Ϣӿɫֻͨͷһ˿˿ԣں֮һ
ϢҲ𽥰ȫƤޱȣһо͸һ걦ҩ
ɾ磡
ſ˫ۣŴʧͿʮ󲿷ֽ䣬ҲˣǶΧȻӦգͷŻԽΧ׳գΪ編ռ䡣


1993 ʿ
ϲ˽ճɾϴɣһɣѾһǿߣδ˾̤߷壡
ͨɿͨٷʱٻδȫʧ
ɾʹɣȷһδɱ䣬ҲûУ滹ҪС
Ͽմʧ󲿷֣һЩƣһʧ
濪ʼȿѪһ羧Ө貵ľʯɣ鱣ԷҲԵȻ
ٿһÿһҲ羧ʯɣΧѰ׳ٱڲвԵγɣЩ۶ǧķ
Ҳһܿ˲һСǳ磬𵤾ԴڲκѪ⡢Ž𵤶زѪһѾѪѪж١
仯أռԪ󲻽˼ͨԪĵ¾һǳۣһľһǳâӡϷ̺µط
Ѫ⡢֮же۳̤ɣڱɽϿɣҲܼǿ߸߷壡
ɽ߰꣬Է֮ɽ磬ɶǣҲǰɡ
񲻵ǧ꣬ȻѾꡢʮˣΪϴɡ
˵˲ţԼҲòʵ
һǷˣλãʵڴɾںҲǰǿʢ١
ž
˲߶öɲΪѪˮѪգѪˮΪУѪʼ־ǧʱСǧ컯Լӡǣ汾ʼںϷȻǴ㿪ʼ
ɫѪˮ룬ͷŻԣѪտ԰Ѫɫ档
Ѫһſɣͨҩ룬ոͻƶĴյģһˣؾԴϹ룬ںϣջΪ
㻹һأһЩӡǣĳͼڣ
Ѫ汾ںϷ
㣬һѪ໥ζ㻹ǰǰģֻǱ˲һЩģҲδͷŶϢںϡ
򽣬ǸıҪǵⱦδںϡ
ٿɽͷϢԶһЩЩɽһǿģͷŸӦܿһ˿˿ɽͷںϡ
ӡҲûٱ仯Ҳֻͷżپҽںϣ
һںɽںӡ
봫֮УԶʥĪӡģϧ뱦ںϳ̶ȣ֮һûУôһ˿˿Ѿǳ֪㡣
Ͼӡƿһʱյϱ
ɽǿʯںϣںϲ٣Ѿں֮һ
ȥںʯףϧʯ׻ûһ㶯ʥǴɣûж
û취ںʯ׻Ҫ磬ҲҪԵ֮ǰǸ⨺ԣһֻʱδ
սʱʱ̿ں֮УѪڵķÿȥںϣѪǿںϣĿǰõıʩչϾѾΣյʱ򣬲Ǿ
䣡
öɲ״̬֮УһѪȭһɱ·ϼƲ񷣬ƾˡ
ӡǶԻȽףѧֻҪڼӿջ۾ͻڻͨϧͨҪ߾Բ
ȻС󵶣мưˡ
꣡
ʱ䣬һʥԸоϾʥʮ˾磬ͨԴѾ̫ˡ
ᡢվٶȣҲûʥǰԡ
û뵽ͨҲʼͻƣӴ̤죬滯ΪΧΪ
֮
̧ͷɾֲ̫úܶˣ̤Ҫʮꡣ
ҪԴУܱþˡ
ֻһҲֻдɲܸӦԦյĴڣ֮
֮Ҳǳַ֮Ϊ̫̫棬лɣ̺̫೬Խɽʱյδ֪
Խ֮ǰɾʥ磬һ֮ʱһմ֮ɾʹʿ֮ӦøΪ
öɲʧΪ
ſ˲俴׸߿գԼӦͷųȥӦؾһһ˿˿һƬƬȻУЩؾҲǴԴ
ЩϰߵȻ֮⣬ԽؾΪֱԽЩؾǴʿĲɽ濴ǳϤ̫֮࣬һЩɳƯɽ羫֮С


1994 
Щɳ֮ʩչ־ʱںϣҲʩչȥԼһºЩ֮ƵģؾҲؾڡ
һ̣һ˿˿֮ͬʱڣٶȻƶֻһ˿˿֮Ȼƶ𵴡
һ˿֮ܳǧȻԴΪ仯֮ı仯
ֲôɡЩǿߣһɽκʱգǲΪҲһˣ޷յ֮
֮Ŀǰ仹֪̺εһھõɱ䡢ôɡɱ䣬ԽЧ
ɿ֮Ȼ˽⡣
ɿΧţںɴɾڴѪЧûǰǰԡ
̺̫̫֮ǳȵȿֲɾ𵤲̣Ӵ̶ȣ޷աںϹ֮ԴʿԴ֮ӦһЩ˵ǴɣɣҲ֮Уӵ֮ΪǴ֮Уɻ
ԣˣԴɾ磬֮ؾ֮ؾˡ
̫֮أɡ޷ԦҿԸˣһ֮УǿԴ֮һЩ紫֮еġ֣֮֡ġ
Ϊ֣
ҲֻǴ֪һ㣬֮ڰ֣ɽ籾һ޴ʱգɽ֮⣬Ҳ֮ǿգɽ籣Уɽʱ⵮ʱȻɽ֮Уϡ٣ʿΪϾͷӵ֮Ǿͻȥһɽʱ֮ѰͨںϾܳΪ
̫
˿⣬־챾͵ĻΪףʱʱ̿ݺᡢǳЩȫʧܻһ˿˿ĳʱҲһҲɽ֮гػ
´Ŷˣ
ͷ˼һֵԭΪɣ𵤣Ҿ;󣬵ȥû뵽ΪʥɣԽо֮ǰڷ磬֪λλ磬ɽ磬Ĵڣ
ɿҲЩʵˣ硢ɽ綼ʱڲڷǺӣʵײʱգһɽϲʱ֮У̫Ҳ̫嫣֮ҲͲףǶǴ֮еľƳɽ¶誡ɽħͷ־ͷҲִͨ
˵ѧģֹ̫ͨңԶһǰͰ֮࣬һȻȥں
ˣٸһ㣬ǲͬģӵкܶ࣬ͷΪʿӴɾ翪ʼ֮ɾ繮֮ﵽһ߶ȣͿȥѰֻ֣ȥӦ֣лӦ˲ȥں֣ںϷһЩһģҪԵ֮ЩӦ
˵

ԣҲ̫𺳡
һ
գڵ֪Щܣ޷ֲôɡɾֻȥ֮޷ӵ֣лԭ
ûмȥ̫Ҳûô֮ǰ⨺ˣԴ֪Сû˵ʵ˵Ҳûа
Ѿ˳ͻƴ죬ʵҲȥ̤ͨ磬ǿˡ
ץһѪ̺ɾͷٺ٣ˣѾɹʬ徻ͨħװƳѪֻϧһֻƼ̫࣬Ԧʬ廹Ǻѵġ
ܳɹͲˣҲʮӴ̫ҲǱ޷ԦѪ桢ɿһš
ˣȥ
ȻȥҺӣСȳ
桢ɿµҩȥԸӡ
ҡҡͷΪʵԳԽ¶誣ڻָҲǶ֣ûаվȳСŮͼ䣬ŷֶ̫ţȥԸ¶誣ŮΪֻǳԽɣûкǰɲ⣡
û浱ںϣ߶طƸΪԴӦʱա
һ£
ĵ³һɲЦЦ˳ӦƸϢȻҲǷ¶ڷλȻͥǷ
桢ɿڣͨһٷȥ
䣬ԽüǳأѾԶȣҲһЩħžڸ


1995 ٷ¶
ˣ
桢ͨٶȷһЩΧ޾ԭɽ֮УӦƸһЩϢ
һȺɽ֮УڰϢڣӦƸϢ˳ҵһɽ
ɽĺۼһЩĺڻңʯڻвƸϢ
¶ϢҲһЩһˣƸӦôϼ꣬ڲǰȥ
ȥطùĵţԽӦƸϢ
ºһǳس֮С
û뵽ǳϢаΪնɫ࣬ѾԶɽ磬ȻһЩаΪĵ̣滹ӦħħʿϢ
¶誾Ȼڳǳ֮УܺãƸϢͨıò
¶Ҳ壬ڷ绹峤ʯףŮҲӵطһͨӦ
ǳأͲͷŸӦǳ֮Уʿ󲿷ֶаħãЩڳǳھͨʿû֮ɱ¾
ϴ󣬷¶ϢֵһҾ¥֮Уڣ澪ϲ˵
ʱ沢δ߶طӦΪ¶ҲʯףһϤطϢںϣ츳˵ģҲǶһ޶ںϸӦ¶誾ͺѲ
¥Ӧ֮У¶ھ¥Ĳһ䷿ĬĬʩչӡأҲ㲻ʵɵ
¶課δϢڳǳͷע⣬ֻŹĳطϢָǳǿ
ͨڨڨ˵¶ʵ̫ǿˣҪƸҲףʵҲ٣Ҳκǣ
ӦƬ̣¶һʱ᲻뿪ǳأ뿪ǳأڸֺ֮Ӧ¶誶
ͨҪʱУʵѪԼ˰ֻ̫ѪôˣϧĿǰʵ޷ơ
ɫͨԻںϣ˽ȥöɲӲҳɫ̺Ҳ
Ѫ£ɾгɫԼ֮಻ںϣᡣ
ɿҲڲںϽɫƬںϹʵҲɣնɱκδɲ⡣
֡
ɱΪɣ𵤱仯ˣʱֻһۣŴһ죬Ǳʥǻᣬ𵤴һЩڲ۸࣬Ϊ䡣
ڣ濴֮ǰɫ֣оһϲ
ֿĿǰһѪѧֶ˻һŴͨ
ϧ̤ɣԺ֮Զŷǣûж仯Ȼںϻ뷨ںԽַ࣬Խ
Żֺ֣Ȼ֮еķǡ
ںϳ̶ȣŻжôɫһĿǰ޷ԦֻںϣǷֳ̫࣬Ѿɲ١
Ƿǿȥںϲδж仯ǾѪںϣַӲ
̤֮ж
ڣͻȻץһ
𵤱˲ǰһɫ֡
֣
ʱַǳ߶оֲϢ·ֻһ̬ͨ
ɵעַҲʼתȶŸһСɽȥ˲¡һСɽ飬ʯѿֱ֮Ϊ촷ۣʯҴ
㹻ģ߶ַ࣬ڲֿʼһЩߡ
ǷǳֲģŷַߣƷʯԹԽƷʯпʥ׷ҲԻ顣
ͨһʬԷʵ顣
֮ͨУóһ̫潣ɾͷʬ壬ʬǰַԶˡ
ǰмߵߵӣأ
Ѿһʮߣʱʱ֣Ȼ뷨ںϳ̶ȻںԽֱ࣬ȻΪȻҲͶˡ
ʬַֻߣһͻȻ۵һȻһпڣҲеͷ
֮ͨУоַ󲻷ּĻˣɾͷʬ壬ôӲַྐྵȻ˵
ϲ񣬿ͨʬֻͨɣλɣѾ⣬Ҵһ죬߶ྐྵȻ˵һɣԼҲţ
ͨ̾Ϣǰˣ̫ˣǴű㣬ҲԶˣסغЩڲŻȲ㣬̫Ҳᱻ˳Խ
һȣͲʱˣдΪвϷ¸սĵģŲǲ٣
浭һЦŻҲñȣһţǾŬ
Ŭκ˲


1996 ٽɽ
Ȼһ˼ַ࣬Էиʬ壬κһΣܳɹ˵ʬɼַѾﵽɸ߶ȡ
ϴ󣬷¶誶ˣӦҪǣͨʵѾﵽһ߶ȣû뵽˷֡
ͷŸӦȻ¶뿪ǳأһͨʿǳԽɵĴڣŮΪǳأȫʸΪһ
ͨЦеĵζԸŮ
νǺֶԸɱɱ㲻ҪŮūŮĿԸ㣡
治öԸʵǿֶҲ
ҾöԸ÷Ӿ͵ϮŮһ˼ƾںƸֵĻᣬںϱ«ʱ򣬵ʱ͵ϮֻҪǾܶԸɱˣƺǴԭ˽⣬أиңԵôӷ¶֪һЩܣ
úãǾͲɱѹ׼Ѫಫ
ͨһĥЦݡ
һṦ򣬷¶誾뿪ǳأͥԭ
ʮϢ֮桢ͨųõķ¶誻ʧʮԶ١
ϴ󣬹Ҫ뿪ͥˣѾͥһӾͻͥ
Ҵһ󣬷¶ٶȿٸ·
桢ͨں󷽸ţٶ׷ϣɿʱðһ仰Զء
ҪͥһΣп뿪һͥʱգвûк£ڴҲ뿴֮ͥ⣬ʱʲôӡ
ͨóͼһȣȻһ֮ͥ⣬ӵͼϿ֮ͥҲһЩʵЩ֣ͨҲ˵δ뿪һͥ
ڼ䷽¶誱ٶȣٶȣѾжŮһ˼Ҫ뿪ͥƲȥͥҪȥĳء
һ֮桢ͨоʧ俴һ嫴ɽǰǻļŴ֮С
ɿ˵ˣǾǡٽɽ
ٽɽ
ɿͣʵٽɽһ꣬ٽɽζŴ￪ʼһʱգһɽ磬Ȼٽɽɲһɽǰ򵥣̺һ߽ͥӵвٽɽڲֲ󷨣ɽͬһڲҲǿأӦŵǿߣһ㲻ڲչءأ
Ǻ氡ͨһ
Ǻ棬еٽɽһÿɽ綼ٽɽǵ꣬һһЩǺڰԶһЩ̤ɽ磬ͻᱻٽɽһʱ鷳ԶʱڣЩڰɽ磬Ҫݻٵľٽɽ
ԭˣ
ˣ֪ٽɽǺεȴڡ
磬ٽɽǱһɽ硣
ԶԶȥʮ⣬ļ֮ϵٽɽڵģڲͬƽٽɽΧȻ̵ģûҲûһ˿仯ΪѾٽɽ֡
һ˲ȥٽɽʡ
ȻܣٽɽǽأһЩ£ȥ򿿽ͻᱻͷٽɽһźʵߣƾһ伶Ĵڣ
ǰǿٽɽ
ǰǰڶͥ˾ȥٽɽٽɽҼһٽɽߣ˻ǿ󡣡
ȥˣ
û뵽һٽɽǿߣȻһࡣ
ȻٽɽҪԣǲԶ
ʱ¶Ѿȥϡٵ
ɿˣٽɽһɽ߽־뿪ٽɽȥɽԵЩë֮أҲ𽥿֮أ
С׷ٶȥںϸӦȻӦ¶誵Ϣλ
ԽٽɽȻΪļţƬֺˣһЩϢݷΪϡ٣֮Ϣ΢΢ǿһЩֵط֮ѡ
ɿ֮صȷǿ֮أֲֻ̫֮ԶŹݡڰǿ߶Уħֺ޼ɵĵط
ԶٽɽɽϡˣûֻǱʯХߣһʥЩ磬ҲҪʯ̼ҳ࣬ʿǲֵط档
žֲ淽ʶɶôҪ
ΪԶŴɻܵĤݣ
ΪΪɣǲ뿪ɽ֮УЩëΣ磬̽Ϊʱա
ûдɾ磬ʿ޷֮أʱ˿̣ͨӦǶôСǴɣҲԿԼ֮ⷽ档
¶誵ǳԽɵľͷֱӽ籩Ƕֻƹ籩ǿ򣬴ӱشٷ¶誡

ͨͻȻڶ֮Уҷĳֳס
濴ȥȻһֻɽһݣǹӥ񣬾Ȼ˹ɽ֮ϣտԽɱʥķ籩ȻҲ飬һЩ·ɽӴܡ


1997 ֮
ЩߵĹʵʥ󲿷ֶɼĴЩԸˣԻɱ
𺳿޹֣һ⣬ܿסһؽԵѪͬѪƣǰƯزҽУǾ޹ɱ
ڣɿ󾪺ˣӦǴ֮еġݵ񡯣Զݣ˼ı𣬲ɿ壬ǺüֹҲǣ
ݵ
Ҳֲ̫ЩɼĴ͵һԴŵͨѾɫ԰ס
ʿ
û뵽Ŷʮݵ·𿴼桢ͨһ
˸Ͻ÷籩ߣȷݵһּټǱ
Ϊǣ½ӲߣҲǷ¶ݵҲǶ֡
籩һ㶼ķ籩ﵽʮ
˶زأ츳Ӧܲ׽¶ϢҪ߶طȥӦ
籩Խֲٶȱȱƣշ¶誷ɳʮҲ޷ӦϢ
棬̫ģȶܷ籩뿪籩ٴ߶طѰϢ˻ļšΣ˲ٶȣ뷽¶ȥ
㣬Բ⡣
꣬ڷ籩һ̣Ҳ뿪֮ͥء
Ϊ֮أ
֮ǰɿ˵ܶΣûһۼͨոտǰ磬𺳡
ǰûУǱģȻ⣬ǲǿңܿزɽʱƣ״̬Ҳǳһ㡣
ٿأҲʯ½ء

½ؾ½пһԶһ飬û½صĵط¾޵Ԩ֪Լ֮£һЩʯƯţҲһЩ׹Ǿֹ
Ǵս֮ķ棬ֻ֮أûûж⣬ࡣ
þ̲֮ͨסʵˣôо֮أһյأһصأ
˸ոշɳٶܵһӰ죬ֻܷһٶȡ
ɽķصذɣʩչطӦƸ뷽¶Ϣ
طʼ߷ĵͷһЩĻ档
ԼʮϢ˷֣ǰ΢΢Ƹ¶ϢȽңԶ
ôʱͥ´½Ͽ¾ԨҲԨ
ЩԨеĵطǺڰԨӵ޷ǿ
Ưգû֮գֲôɲ֮أΪɲſ֮
֮ûֻ֮ûдΪһ˾Ҳ޷ա
Խʮڶ鼸ʯ
طͷ״̬¶ϢһЩǸоңԶ
໣
ոշɳʯͻȻ·ԨһöͷƤ顣
ͷһһͷԱĹ֪εȿ飬ײʯ
ǹʵƳԽɣ˺µĴڣǺεͨѾ֧֧ᣬҪƵġ

ǹ߲ãͨҲɳһξ룬ؿԨһһ磬׹ǹȥ
ûпʲôǹ̫ǿѾ޷󾿾ô
Ѿ֪ңԶ֮أͨԱ꣬ȷλ֪ͥͥ
ھϲϴڸӦ¶Ϣ
Ӧͷųȥʮ⣬¶Ϣʵż˲ϿϢԽʵ
˵¶ûƶӦòǰĳطϢ桢ͨٶҲűƽԷ
֮ظоرγɵķʱգʱ뿪ͥǧ˷ããʱգûжһ˿Ҳûɽ߲֮ʰ쵵⡣
û꣬޷λɿ˵ͥɽʱСɽ磬̫ɽ硢ɽ硢컯ɽɽʱգǱͥ޴ٵʱա
ɽ֮䶼дͷ󣬷һÿɽ֮УǿУͥĴͷȻôͷˣǸ󣬲Ǯˣбˣִͨ
ʴ˴󲿷ˣɣҲʱնԺɵķʽȥɽ磬Ҳֻȥɽ磬޷ȥңԶɽ磬ͥȥͥͥԺʱա
ͥҪȥ̫ɽ硢ɽ硢ɽ硢컯ɽ֣λʱɽ磬ͱͨͷ򣬲ȻԼɣǧϲܳɹһܻųɹ˭֪ʱ֮Ужݵֲֿݡ
¶Ϣǰǡһϳǰľʯڡ
һ·սսںʮʱա
Ӧޱ𺳣桢֮ͨҲţǰ籩֮Լһʯ


1998 ֵ
ǾʯڻƶʯϷܿһЩԵĽ壬ʯš
ǲۻˣ籩֮У÷籩ֲ̫Լ˽÷籩һʯ֮ϣȷвսż
ͨ·ʱЩʯǧٹ֣Ϊλż
ʱҲ֪𰸣ɿ˵ʵһû֪ľ޴ɽ磬ʱվһɽ磬Ϲʱɽ罨Ϊ貵̫ţƻ̫ų٣̫ţʧʱգȻżߴҲкüأҲǷֲʱգܶ챦Ǵʱձ
澡Ǵⷽɽ磬ййҲйϧضɽ綼ʧ˺С
ɿ˵ɽҲ֮Ϊɽ磬Ҳûټɽ磬ȻǰйǾʥߣϻߣʱգҲûȥ֤ʵϾ̫Ŷˣ
ʱ棺ϴ󣬷¶誾ھʯż֮УһԼ
עżȿǲƸǵĻǾ͵Ϯɱһֲ˶ڣͲŶԸв
Ұ
潫Ӧͷŵ£δʩչطһطͷųȥķ¶誻Ӧ
治츳Ǿʯʯһ֮ͤУ߶һ
ǵƺȻ뵽Ƿ¶ͥǿ߹ͨõģȻŮϵ
ǵͻȻ𲻺õԤУ֮ǰϵͥ˹Ҳ¶֮أͥ棬ڷ¶ߣ޷ȡƸ
ͥһֱѰʯףӷ¶֪ʯ䣬һɸִͥ
뷽¶棬ʱҪԸ¶誣ûпܵģԽһҪԷ¶誳֡
Ӧ¶ʯҪ֪¶誴ʱƻָû뵽ڸһʯУӦ¶һ˿˿Ϣ
ʯôз¶Ϣ
Ȼ䣬˫̹ͫ¶̫ƻˣٴνڰΪлŮҲɣʱʧܵġ
ϢȻЦˣЦķǳ̤ʵ
ҪԸ¶誣֮ǰΪѵǷ¶誵ķΪ̫һ֣ǾҪԽɵľͷ
ʱϴ󣬷¶Ʋδָ٣֮Ҳ̫࣬ҿӦû֮У͵Ϯɹ߳ɰ
úã
δ
ҪĽ¶ϴˣȻڶʱָ˶оҩ߾вԴҲҪСȥںԴ
桢ͨٶȿֲʿһɽҲҲˣ¶ǷߣҲȣͨҲȲϡ
ͨЦͺðˣˣȻ¶ˣȻҪ
ʵӿʼҪԸ¶誣ϴαһ鱦ˣǶ֣ͬķʵԽɣίʵֲҪԸĲǱ𣬶Ƿ
ô죿
Ѿ¶誷λãǷֿжԦ̫潣͵Ϯ¶誱㣬ϽвɿжԸɿƬ޼᲻ݣ͵Ϯ¶誷ҲһҲҪٴˣͽԸ
ǶԸУ
ͨͨһӣͼȴ
Լ󣬷¶課
Ȼϣǵ÷̳̳һɣɻѪƸóںϡ
˵زһ˼ںƸͺãͨ͵ϮһܽٴˣҲпɱ
׼ж
ɿڳ֣¶ǴУɱɱɱǾһĿģȡƸ棬͵Ϯ¶誱ʱһҲҪӦ綯ɱ˱һ֮䣬ȻҲ⣬Ǻӣ֮һضԱкܴӰ졣
ٺ٣ȡɱ¶誣֮ͨ˷ֿжͨ籩֮У𽥿ǿʯ
ٶȺһºǲſʯΧܸӦӷ¶誱𡢷ͷųʯЩƵطϢȷõʯ־һЩ
Ƿ¶ܶԸԭͬʱҲΪ˫ʯƵҲ׷ٷ¶
̤޴ʯϷǷ棬ʯΪͬ״󲿷ֶﴣһЩɰʱʱɳ˴Ӳͬ
ɿѾȻӦӦƸ뷽¶Ϣ


1999 ͵Ϯ¶
ʱЩǰһʯԲϷȻЩͼڵ̣ģһЩݵ
ɿΪ֮һ˿˿ߣˣ޴ʯӦĳǳأĳ֮ʱճ٣ʣЩżֵطʲô
һЩżֱڿϿ֮һ֮棬Ҳյ֮ǿʢٱ
ǰʯ֮УһǷ¶誱һķǷʯںһ֪¶誷ϢԼοֲҪͷ
ϴζԸ¶誣Ѿ̷
¶ںƸڰ֮һЩʯ֮أ沢δƸӦʱһӦػᱻ֡
ʼ߶طϢٽףǷ¶誱Ҳ츳ںϣطϢʮǳ̤ɡ
ΪʿʵҲ˲˼飬ڷ¶ǰϢ֮ڣҲû֡
ŲһǰǲУȾʯѻаף桢ɿͣ
ͨڷ¶誱һ಻ȴš
ȴһӣ¶κβѰͶɿ˵Сɱ͵Ϯ¶誷㵽ʱʱһ㲻ɱҲҪ
ͬʱͨҲõ⣬һٴαƽһЩֱʮ⣬滺С񣬻СͨûϢڰվһʯ
СĬĬı仯󣬱һ߳߳һɸߡ
ͨҲڸ¶誱⣬̫潣÷ᷨҲڴ߶ಭ׽
ʱһ籩Ծٶھʯ߿վγɷɳʯЩʯͷڷ籩໥ײ¡¡𵴡
籩Ŀ漰ʱɲʮɸСգȥ¶誷ϷҲͨ涯֡
籩֮УСΪˣɱ·ʯѣ۰һʯ
䣡
ۿҪɹ֮ʣʯͻȻһʯԾ
ɸպʯûȫСƣһʯ鱻Сһǣʯ鱻ɣҲڲܿת
䣡
⣬һŷ¶ǵ磬Ҳðը棬ͨ͵Ϯ֡

˲һǱɵʯ顣
ʯͻȻʼûһʯΪһӰǷ¶誷
ɶ棡ΣͿѪС͵ϮҲܵˡ
Ҳн죬¶誣ζû뵽һɱɣֱ级𵴡
ʮɶСһɱ¶誷Ůһɽֻһ죬ɽȻܿٻСģǷ¶̫С֮һƳͽ¶誷ɽɡ
ֽɽץУһɽɱС񣬶ǳƬɱȥﲻȻɽ֮У֮أͨɱȻ𵴰˷
ȻûӲӽȥ
¶誷һ̱󣬵Сһƣٴνɡ
ǳԽɵľͷСֻܵ΢΢𵴣ֿԾȥӦǸȥ뱾ϡ
⣿
¶誷ΪС׷ɱۿ󷨣һСһ̤
֮У⡢ħɷѹһɾ¶誱һ㾹ȻֿܣҲɹͻƴɣֲøұ𣡡

¶誷ڶСɣϺСķѾСס
˿ʱǿռ̫ͨ潣Χķ¶誱Ѿֲ֪˶ã¶誣ƺ«ߣҵıҵĶκҲȡߣ
ಣ벻¶誷ٶȿţСڰ֮γɶšС޴֮ٶЩƣ¶誷㣬ϳɹСΧɱ
𣬱ϾƷʲô£ԷӰ̫󲿷ʿһ䣬Ҳȥ
֪¶誷뱾ϣŹ߶СΧסǳԽɵľͷٶΣԽС
֣÷¶誷ʧȥͷеȣСӣһҪΪ飡
ΧС񣬲δʩչɱҪľǲס¶誷ˡ
û뵽¶˷ŭӦҲҪƴˣ¶誣㱾֣һͬǷߣû뵽ΪƱɱ֣ҿȷ㣬᲻ߣƺ«Ҳߣ
꣡
꣡
ճڣ¶誷˸ӰӰ֮УȻС󱳡
¶ʵֲ˹С񣬶棬Ȼڸղ֮£¶誷˲ɱ
Խɵʵֲ˼£¶誷ִ߶СһǰһɱȻΧʯۼ¡¡СϣһʱǱ䣬ʯɡ


2000 
¶誷̺˵طھȻõԴ౦ƶɣ˴ֶΣСƷʸˣʵԼԿŮ¶誷ֶΣ˿ֲͨʶԽɵľͷ
ͨӰ⴫ˣ¶誱أŮٷ÷̲صķǹͨƻҪһʱǲ
ͷŸӦһڿСͬʱͨΧɱϹݱ𣬴Ůʩչһڵ۽ɽ²Ѫܴ߶۽ɽͨĹơ
¾ͷ˾ȻޱΣյĴڡ
¶誷ȱѲС޵еģٶȡͨƣ¶誷Ҳв壬ҪɱףøڱУԾͲסֱ±ˣ
û뵽¶Ѳ룬ȥԸ¶誣Ȼ²ߡ
ϲ߾ֱӻܷ¶誣´Ů
ͻȻͨһԸ¶誱Сס¶誷ⲻ󣡡
̫ˣͨ涼ܼ
ಣ
ٷȥ¶誷־岻ѣ棬콫Ƥǣ
¶調ϹŶȥԸо⣬޵ҧгݡ

ϧ¶誷Ҫȥ棬ǰСһȭɨ÷ٿأڰɱɽ
ɽסСһâ飬ɽҲɣƺɽ챻顣
⾿ǺεȿܣɽȻǵ۽ףҲǻʽ׼Ʒɽǵ۽׷Ҳ״飬ΪһҪĸо¶誷Ǳأһ
Ѿһ
ֳֹͨǰħɱǰ¶誱ٿص۽׷ɽΧ˷ɱԼҲ赲ͨ湥
ҲƳಭ׽ƷȻ¶ǿڵ۽׷ѹƷ¶誣ʵã緽¶誣ಭ׽ֻƷ뷽¶誷֣Ա֤·硣
һڹƺ«Ҳ˶٣¶誱𿴵ಭ׽Ȼǳʹޣõ
ɱͷϷ࣬һնһʥ¶誣ϴԸǣҿ㻹кεֶͨΣûз˱ֶܼã
¶誸ӷŭ棬㲻ݣ̤񾳽磬ҷ¶誴δԹ˴ҲŹ㣬ǿҲŹ㣡
Ϸ֣࣬
һ̣ɱɶ֡
ͬʱֿʼ߶߲ף̤֮Ѿȫɱ䣬󲿷ֶʩչ
¡
ֻз¶Ϸõ۽ɽУȻ飬Ҳ¶誴𵴡
߳壡
һɫ׵磬¶ɱȥ
Ůֿɽնȥɫ׵飬ǾͷİԵȻʩչ߲ףȴҲ޷Ըߵķ¶誡
¶Ȼ湥ƣҲͬ𺳣ʩչķ࣬ףױȵĴڣڴһ죬Ȼӵдɾʵҷ¶ΪҲţȲɱ㣬꣬ҲɽţҲδˣŻ죬һҪɱ㣬δһ󻼣

ಭ׽һ̣ݺ湥֮󣬻б¶誱ǿɽɽɳ¶ٴѪ
ͨһǰɱɱ¶ƣŮֲһУɽƣΧ˷϶Ըֹơ
ٴɱ֣Ϊ¶ˣͻܿѹû뵽Ѳ˵زֲ˶ã
Ѫɷ¶
ԽԽбóԼͨɰǧѪɳһȥ¶Χ
¶誻Ϊģͣ棬֪̫죬ֶβ֪򵥡
ȻΪԼȻѪԼͷųȥԼƣ˫ƬЩɵ
𺳲ѣǺεͨ죿ҵϢͨҲɣ
Ѫֲ¶֪ͷϢҪɣҲ֪ǹҪӿԼģûа취߶ƣοɽηΧֹƳ
ȫƫԼ˿Ϳ¶ֶܼá
ֿʼĥ¶־ȵ˵ƺ«Σҵ²ɣֻǴɣҲ㹻ֶζԸ־ͷ
Ī⣡
¶̫ˣɾǸоԼйͽ͵ģֻˣʱһţջᱻѹ
ͻȻ߶һâ·һ㡣
淢âȻнΪǿʯϢ֮һ
飡
¶ͻȻɽ̤ɽ
Χǰಭ׽Լɱ¶ֳâһ
¡¡
һոտ¶һɣͱ֮𿪣Ҳ֮顣
һɲǣзͨ޷¶誡
¶йƣȻתߡ


2001 ѹ¶誱
иУҲвͨطʯףҵطҲǣɲǴ߶ǧʱӳ̫潣ϡ
ͨᣬ߶̫潣ȥһɱ
һԼȻ̫潣ʵʮ
ҷ¶誷֮Ҳţٴδ߶âҪ̫֮潣ɽ
ǲ֪ΪΣ̫潣һȻһɱ¶誷ӦʱҲһѪɡ
¶һɫ԰ףʧˣܣ㲻ܿסطڷ磬屦
Ҳû뵽ܽ˲ֶΣϧҲõУպÿ㣬ң͵˿ǣɣͨɱȥ
ಣ
һӰ٣С׷ɱ£¶誱ɳ۶
¶誷ˣڵ֪ķһ
桢ͨɫһ裬¶誷ɲǱֶһǷ֡
ಣ
һƷڷ¶誷һ࣬Ϊ˳
¶誷ɫӰӣɽɱǶԷͻһâһ¶誷ȻŻʽ׼ƷɽնϣֻǿâҲӹ͸о쬵ġ
ͷһžȻһѪڡ
ʵϧҲϷҵٶҲɿһ֣ץƬ
¶誷оľͷûж£ͻȻһȥ
ͻȻץסಭ׽ԶʱգˣƺһɸӦܿµĳⷽϮ
¶誱𶯵ãȴЦɱǽɣ
䣡
ɿûȥٶȽ¶誱ײͨһ̣¶誱ħѹ
ɿƬħɷ¶誣ʹ죺ˣƺ«ˣ
ͨħѹƻû꣬¶誷ǳҪƺ«ɱ
ߣɱңԼͻȻԶ֪η¶һȡ
¶誷
ٴٴУ¶誱ѹû¶誷ɿƬˣȴȻſֲʵ
ķܿңԷ¶誷˵ۣǸӦҲԷ
ȻͷŸӦϢΧʮѰңȻҲ¶誷Ϣ
˵¶誷뿪ԶǴŮĳԼ
ˣ
ͻȻ飬ſ־忴ʱϴǿߣˣԼ־ʮ⣬ǳԽɵĴڣ׷ɱ
ǿߣӽʮű֣һʿ¶誷Ȼ֪ѾɱŹסʱ䣬ӣ˵ɿصڣͨߡ
¶誷ٴδĳѹҵıǾߣ棬ӵطҲܴǸӦΧߣ
֪ˣһʵ㱾𽻳رϣ
ӳʯϽ籩֮У·Ԩ֪ʱܽɡ
޷Ӧ¶誷Ϣ̫
ʮϢѷɳʮˣ氵ϴˣڷ¶֮ǰҲо¶誷ϢӦȥ棬²ˣٶȣܶ׷ɱ޷ӻͥ
üͷ壬벻Է˾ˣʱΣաӣӶԶǶԶ
Ϣָ뷽¶誷׷ɱٶǰְ㣬ʱһ׷
ٿͨɿ棬Ȼ˶Ϊʼն
ûһܣֱٶȡ
ˣˣͻȻڼ;·ʱɿЩĪ˷ܡ
滹еͷԣɿٶǿ죬ҲܳԽ֮ϣз˦𣿡
ҿɿˣҵļҾʱգɿһ壬ʱգ͵ڻؼңؼˣȻЩ취
Ŷ
⵹ΪԾӷѹɿʼδ˽ɿ
ɿһ⣬һЩǺԨ֮УҲʱգץסʱСʱ˽ⲻ̫࣬Ͼҵĵ̡
ɿ渵ڴʱ߶ȣָ߶ĵطʱ·ԨΪӣӦЩСɿһһ壬ֻҪѰһʱԨȥпܶ׷ɱʱ֮У֮ûУֿռ䣬ԾǾͷӦҲֻܸǼ
ûɿδģͨܺʵ
ֲʱʱ̴̿ʱǻȥܶطѰԴɽʱҲȥǿ쿴·һѺۣƹһԨɿͻȻʾ˸


2002 ̫
ڻԨҲһЩǹȷһԼһɶ೤ưɫѺǶ
Ǿʱգ
ɿʧϧ⴦ʱ̫ǰңǰʱҲǷԶ
ʱֽŴ¶誷ָһЩϴ󣬵ץʱ䣡
ɿģͥǷȥϧٶҪܵһЩƣз籩ʱʱ֣һСģпܱ籩ɱ
ʮ
ͨѰԨϧĶԨʯҪҵԨͬ롣
İ͸棬־ڶʮ⣬ʮϢ׷
ϧûҵʱգǳżʵڲУֻֽ֡
ˣ㿴ӰӺϤ
ͻȻͨʲô
温ȥ·һ޴Ӱƶƺֻһʯ
濴濴ӰʱȻһͷݵƺ֮ǰʱղãͷݵ
ˣݵ
ϽݵֻҪ¡
ɿȴֹߣעݵټˣݵܾܿץĳʱ֮У֮ǰȥͥɱ࣬ҲǳʳģԱ㣬ҿӦҪسѨӦóѨһʱգǸʱգ
ͨɲͬ⣬һڣǱ֣ǲˣ
ͻȻЦǺǵ汻֣Ҳ㲻ǻ£ʱݵҪԸǣȫ԰ݵԸ壡
赶ɱˣڷԲˬ漤ĺܣǰڷ磬ͼʶֶζԸǿС
ߣ
ϾͨԦɽӰԨȥ
û뵽ʱգȻֹԨһԽԽֲٶ
ͨ벻ףΪݵԨԾٶȷУ
ݵ磬ӦжӻЩǿǳ£
桭
˴ԼԨٶȴӴ۷壬ʱֻͨٶȡ
ɲǣһԪϷ̿ն
¶誷
桢̧ͨͷһߵӰԼ׷ɱ
׷ˡ
ˣҳҵٶȣܴﵽ۷壬ٺ٣ɿһ仰桢ͨظ
ɿֺ廯ΪʮΪһͷһɴɿϣٶȹȻʮԴ۷ٶȽ
ˣѾݵټʱҲһϢΪݵٶ̫죬Ѿټ
Ϸ
¶誷һѪʿŮӣֻһӡ
ӵϢģȻֵ۹ͻмơ
¶誶ǰһλŮ񣺡ƺԨ׽Բأ
ŮӶʮ߰ӣһɫ£ʿ
Ůףֽʱɳ̫࣬ʱҵ־ֻһΪδ̤ɵˣȻΪһɣһǧ꣬˺ƾ¶ԣʱȻ׷ɱ
ֵ۹ɰΨһǸӣһ£һϴ²Цݡ
ʦܣĪСˣһСһһ죬ۼģԨΣգһ׷ǣΪȥ̫Ůһ£ŷ¶誡׷ȥ
Ů;УֶԷ¶誹ʵ¶誣˿ڣմԣ˿ϣˣ
¶調𾴻񣺡Ǳһֻɿ͵ϮһɽҲǷֻһƬʮַһʽ׼Ʒɽ˲пܴͨҵ
ΪرУشص֮һø߲Ϊϴ裬ƿɺָܿʱμ·棡
лʦ㣬ȥأһ
Ůӣ¶誹һҲҴ⡣
һϡһӰѾʯ֮С
Ӱٶȴﵽ۷壬ʱոΪˣӦܵ
ӰûУΪɿ
ɿ桢ͨʮԨ߸ΪһƬ磬ʯҲ˲١
ڻԨʼʲôоѾʧ򣬵Ӧϡȷλȵһ羧۵ĺۼüЦ
ǾԨ۾ѺۣԶԶȥＸ֮ǰǴѺ۳̫ࡣ
ɿҲΪԾû뵽ͥôĵط˴һʱգˣʱ޴˵ʱգһɽʱպңԶԨɽ໥Ӱ죡
ͨ濴ϷߵӰԼԼøӦۿӰӡ


2003 
ͨ־ҲٶҲ̫죬о֮⣬Ϊȷ¶Ҫǿ̫౶
ϢüͷͷŮЩϤˣǵҽֽ磬ֵ۹ǿֵ߽֣ǵɽ־ͶӰˣȻͥСȷͥ
ΪΪˣΧ뷽¶Ϊ࣬ӦóԽɣͬѾ޷ӦΪ׷Ƹ׷ǣͨޱȼɵ
ŮΪȷԽΪ˵ĵزҼһ󾳽磬Ӧñʵ٣Ůͷȫκһɽ磬һǳأǾͷʱҲҴ⣬·Ԩ׼ãκһԨһɿ
ʱڡ
֮ǰ۷·˺Ѷɣѷ죬һƬɫңʱգȻޱȿֲԨ
ɿһڣ˽ɫʵӦһΧѾ޷ӳٶȣҲֻʥٶȡ
ʵǳͨƯҳǱԨʱ֣γɿǰʵһֻش
ԼʮϢ󣬴ɫ·ȻһһЩǳâǿ籩磬ҿͷڸܿһЩ⣬ϼ⡣
ƬƺȻһԨ忴ȥֻһСʱգʱոˣƺжΣա
ɿûΣˣЩʯԴͷųϢΪЩʴڣԨԳΪܶϢ֮أݵѨڸȻ̤
¶ֹƻʮϢ׷ݵ
Ӧϡܲ׽¶Ϣ֮ǰһЩӦԨʱոΪӵĹϵ
˸ɿʥٶǰʯ̲ɽϧûɭ֣κϢġ
ʯٴθӦ¶ϢѾ⴦Ԩȷķλ
߶طӦںϣϢ
ȷָӦƺ«ֻжƸЩͷӦ
ʯѾ֣ʵԷҲطᷢϢ
ˣ
ڶţͷŸӦͬʱ汾ȷЩλáû뵽һصϢҲڹĵ֮зγɸӦ
ɲǿǰĶǸֱʯʯûκϢΪλһϢע⣿
ʱҲ˷֣ˣ֣ǰԶһʯ֮У
Ǿȥ׷;ôȥʰǣŹϼ
ԽʯǰƯʯ֮Уһ̫ľʯʵһ·塣
ڹɽ֮ԼԼ͸һɴϢɴϢǳˣƺûݵǰǿ󣬵Ҳ׻ɱǼˡ
Ϣ֮Уֵ
Ӧͷŵ£ǹ·֮У֮һѷ죬ѷԼףͼһͷƴɽװƤ׹ڱ֮ϢͬʱĻһЩ׹ǣҲжɼͷҲɱ˲ǿߡ
һЩ·ĳ̲һЩʯʯҲѡﵱѨ
ɿСĵʵǿ󣬱ȷ¶誱ʵﲻ𣡡
ǾֲһڴˣѰ𶯾ȻѣǾ鷳ˣû׷ɱڴˣǾ˵ѾǸӦ
Ϣһ
Ĵ·һʯϣ뿪
ʱӦܵƣֻܸӦﶯ룬޷Ӧط
ΪûҲû֮ɿҲΧѰŲ֮ء
ûԶǴѨһʯڣ˲ԸӦǷ׷׷ܴ߶ôԸǡ
ǸӦΧ
潻ͷһʶͨڣֱħ׷ڲ
̣
綾ӡ¶課ס֩ס綾ڸʴŮѾһϢ
һ֣ͫڷŷŭѾӦʦϢᱻնɱĪ⣡
浭ҡͷߣǿɲһƺ«
бԼȡûգ¶誶޵ðͲôж˿飬Ȼóƺ«
ȥ
֪¶誵Ϊ̫ˣɲ׽뷽¶ڣȥȡƺ«
ֳֶڷ¶ͷϷᣬ֮תһЩ߳ˣһ߾Ȼڷ¶ͷпһѪڣʹʹޡ


2004 
ԭ˿ֲһиʹ࣬Ӧû·
¶誣Ҳκλᣬ֪׼ƴԪ񣡡
Ըٶתǿƹ뷽¶ԺԪȻˡ
ƾˣֱںͨԪƣȱ飬Ȼ׼ɡ
һӣ¶誾Ϳֲס
ڴʱΧϴֹȻҪȥǴѨ
¶Ǳ֮У䣺棬㲻úŰɣֶ֪ܿΣ
ǺǣϷҪˣҸһݴ֮ʰ㣬ҿжԪɣ
˲뿪ħס
ع鱾֮Ӧ֮⣬ϡӦߵϢȥǿʯ
ƣϴĪûзִϢ
ѾִϢ֮ԻҿǾӦþǲڴôϢϢ׷ɱǲŸҿ
ӦԶԶ֮⣬СʯκʯǶҪѰңĳ֮С
˿ʯҲԥһᣬȥǾп档
һ̣Ѿӡ֮Ум˽·֮У˫ְԵһ֡
䣡
ԶԶһͱըԶ⡣
ӸӦ֮Ҳһڹ·Χըֲδ˵֡
ǣ
ûлűը֮һ໽вֻ¡һһըǹ·ն
ͨӦһĻ桢ͨɿ涼͵Ц
ִӸӦ֮Уһ׹ԼʮɣȻһߣʵ̫ɽףոմӳѨһ֣βɨһЩʯ
ʯſֲһֺȥ
ʶЩԸҪһڿɽɱʯ
ĳʯҲ³ա
֣·һʱ佫Χռ䣬ӳһƬ죬·ǳɫ
ʯ֮ͻȻչһ֣ǸҲǳԽɵĴڣһһʽǼ︩һצɽ
ͷɣɽҲֶ
ԾȻ£צӲʽ׷һǲ÷צҲȷã
ɿϡƽ˵ЩﳣʱգõıˣЩﶼͨɱܻ죬Ȼͱݵ񣬻ʿɱԨǲ໹ܵǵ̣
ֿﱻΧɱǹצӶſһץɽ𿪣ץ죬ҲΧץ𵴣ҲͷͨͨҲסһץ
ֵˣʣ¼ˣ·Ѱʲô䣬ҲӦòɱȥ
ӸӦ֮УַֿжһֶԸһȥ·壬ȻֿжԸѰ䡣
ʱ߸ʱ
ֲٿ֣תȥʱ岻˼ӦϢǳװûᡣ
ɿżˣٶȻǴ۷壬̫˼飬ԨٶҲȲɿ
һЩʯɿٶȴ󣬶һ
Զ뼸˷籩Ϊһڸ߿ݺᣬɿҲҴ⡣
ͻȻ뵽һ⣺ֻܴĵط뿪⴦Ԩ
ҲһܶԨкüڣԨռǳ䣬籩ҲȻڣɿٶȱֹֻܱܿ籩
أ
˿̣ԶһȻ籩ס
һĻպñײͷŸӦ֮籩֮УһһСɽĹ籩ɱţűȥ
Ҳ򵥣һ׳˶ͷվżɫëһЩɫëܿƤеĵطͷҲ⣬Ϊ⣬Ҳü˿
ɿԾˣӦҲһͷԶŴĹһޣΪ֡ɹĹǽɫģഫǾͷҩΪһԴ
֣
ɫͷĹͨ˵仹˹ڡ
żأ̫ʱڣһӴ嶼ǵϹ壬ɱϽٶȽ䣬ʧˣֵܼˣʮȻܶŽѾ֣
ֵĹҩЩҩǿɱΪ𣬴ǳɵĴڣ˹ƻ֪ɽΪͨɵɵ̫࣬ҩͳ֮ΪƷҩҲýԼʥϡ֮Ƴľҩ
Ҫɱֿɲ򵥣Ϲ壬ޱߣԸǹҪǿʮٱпܣڼĽֻ̬ͨ˵Ŀ״̬ǻ¶
˵棬ɿɵּ˵


2005 춯
ͷȷ㿴籩նɱκɣǳɵľͷҲҪֲֿ籩ɱǽֱס뿪ʱ϶ûһ˺ۣ۽׷࣡
ýûݵ־ٶȣԼӦǲ̫֣Ҳɱ
˼ܿ籩룬ӱԵȥ
ִܿӷ籩Ե֮󣬺ȻٱȥƱأɿٶȲ죬ǶǶԣʱֵٶȣѾɴﵽɸ߶ȡ
⻹죿
Ľһʱ˲ŷͷŸӦѾ޷ӦϢ
һǣʧ˷
籩ֲ̫Ϊܷ籩ɿҲһ˼ûⷽλ
Ưڷ籩⣬ּԨʱգʯԶ籩
Ȼû׷ɱҸطϢǰҲҪʱϢ
ʮһɽУǷֻּдɡɸ߶ȵĴִǾʱգͨ
ɽʮ޴󣬼Ѱһ֮вѪʬ嶼һգҺû̫潣ʬ壬ʱգΣա
ûɿȥ潻ѰҷλҲΧҪɱ
Ϣһ࣬û뵽ɿ˷֡
浱⴦ɽдüȥɽΧʱӦкüɴϢֵϢҲ֪ΪΣһЩǷȥЩڰоۼЩȻ
𣿡
ҲЩѽ⡣
ɿҲԨκδܹϵôãһʲô飬ǹȥ
ûһǵЩ˻ѰϢǾȥ׷ɱǻôȥԸ壡뵽û֮
ܳʱŲߣüѰҳ·
Ԩĳʯ֮С
ĿѰ˷Ѳߣں󷽽֮С
ɼһսҲܣмˣϢ
ʦãܸӦϢ𣿡Ǹӣ˿¶誷
¶誷ΧӦӳ֣񣺡ʦ֣
ӻ֣⣬ұ缸ǰҲִۣ
֪ʦֵ֣۹Ĺ֮УĵλҲ֪ʦֵ۹֮УɾΪɫһλʦѧϰ󣡡¶調ɲҵ
Ƕǹȥ飬֣һҪ屦ʲôֵһʱ֪ͨң
һǫЦݣȥطѲӡ

ʱգһЩʯƯӰСƯʯ
桢ͨɿӦһЩϢɲҿգֻͨʥٶȣһǰС
ڸӦһϢ͸ˣ̫ǻкԶһξ롣
Ȼʱ
ӦһϤݵ
ΧȴûݵӰӣǹȥԶںӦӦݵϢ뼸ȻָӦֵϢ֣ݵܽ
Ϣȥʮ⣬ԶԶͨӦݵȻһɽ֮档
ﶼԶŴ壬ѵѲɣɿɻ档
Ӧͷųȥżֻܼݵ񡢽ɽ֮УϧȻ̫ŸҲ˵
ΪΧû
Ȼţ﾿Ҫʲô󣬼ûУûвһͬһж̫
û뵽һȾǼ꣡
⼸ֶûǹҲᷢͷŸӦ
漱æʾ⣺ȥ
ԶŹٺһ֮ͬǰô춯һʲôŹ֣
ȥҲͨһĸȥ
ٶ̫ˣܿ콫˦
ɿϣԴٶطڲ΢Ϣ
ʱ籩û취ֻȶ籩
ܹ籩һʧȥټǣָӦһЩһƶ
ɿĸЩﱳٶҲڴ֮䣬ӦжʮϢͷš
һ̣Ҳ¶֮ɫɻ濴
ǱȺϢǺȻһ޵ϢսԨӦǹϢһ΢΢ʵǰ
ѵʲôϢĳϵ˼⣬ƽ޹ʾϢԼӦϤ
ɿҵȴţڼʮϢûƶֱֹȥһʱ䣬ЩŻƶ


2006 Ⱥ
ǴΪһ̣ӦϢһ޴ʯ֮У˵ʯѾʺϣʯɵһƯء
һЩǲۿȻǼ޴ʯһκһʯ޴һɺܶʯһʮ޴Ưء
мϢ棬̤أϡӦ֮ǰǹ΢ϢԼͷš
֮󣬴ҿǰʯƯΧĿǰ⴦Ư̫졣
Сʮ˿һЩͶһЩɽͷʯ֮ϣǷ·ʯһʲôƺػĳֶֻڵȴĳֶ
̫ˣһĻü˰˵ЩǴɡĹǾȻ·ʿһվŻšſŲ
ʲô
ɿҲûмôĬĬͬһ¡
һҪȸӦʲôںϸӦӦ֮⣬ȥӣ޷ȥʮ֮ڱֲ
Խ棬ͨҲˣһĥ
˼죬ȴ֮еļˣͻȻһһɹ磬ͬһ
ʲô鷢
ɿϣɿϢɿһչֵãǵ۽ɽҲȲϡ
ٸȺһʱоؿҪ飬̫أѰ𵴡
ˣ
ʮͻȻо⣬һϢ
ǹϢƺٿһЩͻȻ·һʮϿȣϿ֮Ưһ
ϴֵطΪλӦ֮ڱ仯
ҡҡͷԶ֪һй죬ôϿ֮еʱձϡ٣ȻǿֻҪҪȥɣ
ܶˣǴϿ֮С
ɿϿ֮⣬ڿϿò
ϿȴԼʮֻܿǷһɹɲͬɫڳһӿյǹԴ·Ǵһںɽͷųġ
һۼ֮еĺɽһ΢΢ϤоӺǴǰֻϢЩϤ
֮ͷˮȥģһЩΪ֡ɱ
ЩȻۻģЩʧĳֿռ䡣
ϴô죿һʱ䲻֪ˡ
񣬿ң֪ΪΣҸоϤϢӦùȥ
ûȥ֡
ɿż˷ϿȣϿȲЩϿȣɭֻ֡ʯҡʯ
Ͽȵײڣ˶ȷһںɽ嫣һЩɽֻ໥ɱϿԼһЩ׹ǡ
쿿ɽͨĥɽܶˣвٹΪӶﻯΪ׹ǣ
ɽʵòҲֶһͨɽһɽƮܴſɽӦиɽȣɽƯģɡᡣ
жʮͷûдעΧԨҲõ
ɽ£һЩʬ֮УҲມǣҲ
ϧѸãΪ׹ǡ
ϺɽָоһϤϢӺɽ봫ҲӦһɲһϢԡ
˵ͨᵽԣѾĦȭơ

ʱǻߡ磬ɿ˵ŲżȻҲŲٱ
䲻ǿңԼ˶ԣȴʵӦ
¡¡
ۿҪԾɽɽȣû뵽һЩʯڵɽ֮гΧŵü˸Ͻ㣬ȻʯͷԽҳࡣ
ʱʱһЩʯɽ⣬ڿɽȲҲһңʮͷɱоݵ֡
ʵֲҲʵǿĴѾɡ
ݵ񡢽ʵǿģΧϹһνһչΧ
֮ǰȻͬƤѪɫܿƤ֮µĹȻǽɫģҲԽâΪڲͬߴʮɣһһͷܽǴɰԶ
ݵҲֲ֮ûóУóɨ˷һɳ磬κδԿ
ʵ죬һδα𿪣ˣǷƵΧ
˿һĻһ飬˵ݵ񡢽֣һͷҲǶ֡
ͨ˰죬ҲûȻЩΪɱĪҪݵ֣֮ǰӦԣƺˣʯﻹб
໥ɱỊ̄Ҳò졣


2007 ʯҺ
ɿҡҡͷһ˫ͫһ̣ɽ֮УĳֳĴڣʲôݵ񡢽ռ
нɫ⣡
ͻȻͷŸӦעһ㡣
ȻɱɱȥеɴʯҲд³һڿС
ɲǿȺɱ룬Ҳɽ·һɿݵĳӡ
֮һɶߵĶʯԶȻ
һ̣ʯȻӳӵײ¶һȦɫ⻷⻷ʯ£ȥ
桢ͨ桢ɿȦΧɱЩҲֹͣɱǳ˷ܿŶʯǲâдȥ
ȦâʱѾۼڶʯΪһâ͸⣬Ȼûʯǰҫۣһĳ鱦
𺳾ˣâ֮һҺһЩԣ
۸ӦҶ治ͫƯڶʯϷâڲȷһҺҲСֻһΣȴͷԼâ
ͨΪһδԵҺƾմʯͷۣ֮ĪʯͷʯͷˮǴ˵
ʯͷˮ
ĥƬ̣ŴѾҺΣǶǵҺ򵥣ԭдΪҺݵ񡢽ҲһҺϵǿߣҲдô
ɿʧֲģ˻ļԨܴʯͷ֮һδԵҺȻϧΪûһ˿ܣõҺ
˵ĲҺЩκһͷʵ
ִʵɣǿޱߣԺöײУսȻֲ
ݵʵ죬Щֻʵɱ˵һС
ʱ˿̣һҺʯͷᣬһʱԷ·ɽƬĵشһƬϼ
Һݵ˿ٶ̫죬û뵽һͷ˳ҧסĳ򣬸һߣŴ壬ݵס
ݵٶٿ죬ٶҲ
ҲһǱһͷײУס˫ۣſҧĴƤ·ҪɫͷҺ񶼲õҺ֮һͷõҺǿδԶԿ
¡¡ݵ񡢽ֱϹ޷ǰֻڵǿзײҪ𿪴Ǿҧһ⣬ҲϷŹ
ɽ쵴𣬴սҪƬɽˣԶͷζ
˵ʱʱ죬ǵҺһͷٶȣܻûֱۣҺץס븹С
ͨʧϧֻ֣ܿǵҺܵõȻҲʵҺһ䣬Ӧû᳷ߣ
˵ˡ
ҺһɣЩû뿪ǳ˰ףΧųӵȴʲô
ݵ˲أҲ۵ĲᣬҲڸϢţһǿʯͷ
濴һĻЩ֣ȻߣͻȻ߳һ䣺õҺߣĪǻҺ᣿
˵УͨҲ£Һ˵лԵõһΡ
ɽʯ֮£ȴ죬Ҳû뿪ƺûһϢ
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ȻҺͨòˡ
Ӧ£ǳʯտʼ΢΢ζʯ͸Խǿʢ΢΢ԣһգΧЩͨڸ߿
ݵЩԵʯͷʯͷϢԽǾˣԽǿʢգ·ƻµϼ⣬ɽɽϻƽ
ºʯȻʼָΪǿԣһʯǷͷеĴڷ仯ִͨ״̬ܿɫͷ֡
Һˣ
ȻǺ¡һϿ֮Уɱһ𣬴󲿷ִ˾ݵ֡
ݵҲһ˫צӰץסһͷڵϣһģȻԴһѪڴϣһѪĿġ
ŵúЩ㶣Χݵ
ҲˣͷǼɫëһͷһӲͷһͷɱһͽɫƴ壬Ѫð븹С
ݵһͷ֮󣬾Ȼֺ󷽣һθıԣֶԸΧ
̾Ϊ֮ǰݵ棬ԭһڻֶȡҺึȺ
֮ЧԶˣٴ޷ɱٶϺɣһٶȣһʮͷ޷˵ǣ⼸ͷ˵ĴֻΧȴʱ
Ȼ桢ͨɿĿڷգԭɿݳʯͷһλһȦԵâ
ҺҪˣ


2008 ֿҺ
ͨһ̷ǳйЩϤҺɣţл©
ﶼ˭뿪ҲҪܷ¶極׷ɱò
ܿڶҺȺ飬Ǳݵ£õҺ
ΪõڶҺǾҪȥûУ桢ͨΣ˵еҺ
Ȼһº󣬵Һڳһɱһݵ϶ᱦһûбõҺǱһͷߡ
ȻֵŲѵеĵҺ
һºʯжȻҺ桢ͨƽǵҺǲܵõģֻʵʵԶԶŴҺ
Զ
֮һ¶ʩչһ΢ƹԱŮ楣һӦ
Ȼ¶誷ϲһָڸӦϢʮ⣡
ٶȼӿ죬ܹ籩þɺܶʯɵƯأո̤벻ã楸ӦʲôûΧѰҡ
һ봦ԶԶһ治ӿǴѨ
Ψһӣ楱ȭһ΢ԣһӴͷţĪбᱦ
ഫԨиֱһ˲ֵطԨҲǺ˽⣬ĿǰпвСģǰЩϢ̫ǿ󣡡һϢɽȥ
ˣ
ɽ⣬ʯ㰵ļˣ֮Ϣ΢΢ɢæɽһǵڻˣ
ͨڨڨ˵˵¶誷ƺ«ϢҲϢҵǣˣ
ǳ£ûжһֱ·Ļǿӳ⴦Ԩ
˭֪ƫƫҺɽȣһϤϢһҺǰ򵥡
涢ߴֶٴνͨڡ
ħڣֲɷ¶誱ԪƣýЩľΪһεӡ
¶誱ҲһϢȴѾû˿в󷽷Ժ¶誴һͷԪ赲ȴһȭ顣
¶Σֻܳ𣺡棬㲻ú³ѿ
ϧûԪ룬ͼ¶ͨԪήҲ񣬲ϲţѾ˿־塣
ٿ󷽣ͼطӡ֮£ƺ«
ͷʼӡٿ¶誣֪Ϊûɱ㣿ֱɱ㣬ܵõƺ«
㡭仰ѾԷ¶誣ˡ
浭˵ΪҲɱ㣬ҿԽΪܣһԽɵĿܣûȫʢʱʵҲҾܣԸǿУ
úú¶ţҲľ
ಣ
ƺ«Ҳںϡ
ʱʶ뿪ħףع鱾Ͷͨͷ«Ѿȡأ¶誴ʱʵֻͨɸ߶ȣԪήҲÿԳûΪŮūΪܣһг̫潣һɿ⣬һԽɵĴڣ
ھͿʼƣܽ¶ŮΪŮūͨ»
˼ŴҺҲעԶֶ
ɽһһ࣬ߴϢɽ֮ء
ǿɽڣһҺʱˡ
һλŮӵʦ㣬ʱգһҺôһҪ
Ƕ侲
Χּȱ飬極ҡͷʮͷһͷʵ󲿷ֶʵ࣬мͷΪֲͷȳľ޵ӦǴ֮еݵԶޣֻڹż֮УҲǶֻ֣
ݵ񣿡
һ֣·˲ʯ
Ǿݵ񣿴֮еԶݣ⡢ǿ϶Ǵ֣һŮ֮ɫ䡣
楲δȥϢɽȴɱǲŹδŪ棬˵Һʯͷ֮ɣδֹ֮·ֻͨɽ֮Ԩ֮أЩӵдؾ֮ز˿ܣ
һ̣¶誷ȴҺʦ㣬ΧƺһЩϢǿңпܾڸĳط
ѰϢʱգһһ죬Ӳҵģ׵
棬㽫ұѹʲô£Ҳֻһ³
¶誷ԭȥҺԭΪıС
һɱ¶誷Լ³κ˶żҪҵ䡣
˫ɽΧüꡣ
ʯ£桢ͨɿѾȴ꣬һεҺߡ


2009 һ
ͨĽۺ죺ˣӦǵھŵҺǰʮ꣬ѾŵҺǵõʵػɱ䣡
Ŀעһ棬ڵھŵҺ֮УһעⰵҺ޷õֲΧ꣬һֱûж֣ҲǼɵݵֵʵǾȻû뿪ȥѰҵ䣬ڰҹѾҺ˼ٿ
ٴĿùǣҺݵõھŵҺ
һõĵҺνǴȫʤĵҺһܰ
ΪǼȴ£һҺ
û뵽ھŵҺݵõ󣬴һӣת뿪ӡ
ѵûҺ
һ;ŵΣ
Ī֪ʯͷһֻͷžŵҺ֮ǰѾҺ
ò̫ܣǸŴڰ֮ʱӦǵһҺǰֻоŵҺٿõھŵδˣȻһ֪γֻоŵҺ
ȻӰ˷һһɽһ̣͸ߴңߴҲ˶
ͷŸӦȥڼ֮ɽһ㣬ߴϢͷһЩȴ뿪һξ룬˴Ӱɽȡ
ܿߵӰӷ룬ܿ¶誷ֽ磬־Ůˡ
룺ǹȻҺ˼ӦÿҺۣĪΪǿʯͷȥģ
ԼϢ˾ȥɿݳӣΧΧѰʲô
潻һ棬ϸ˵ʲô
Ŷţܿһ˵ϲͻϢӦֵ۹һߡ
Ӷ˵ʦ㣬ƺû⣬ʯһͲʯҲǳʯֻһʯ·ӵһ־ۼ
楼̶˵һʯƽ޹ʾܴʱգֺĻ֮أΪҺĳҲ֮£ĳֶ
һŮӵͷŸӦ֮ûϢһ˿˵·ȷ
ԨЩʯɱɽʱЩʯӲʮܿȴֻɸ߶ȣҲҪӦһʱ䣬׼﾿ʲô
ͬ⣬ߴӾۼ
濴棺ˣô죿뿪ʱ
淴ԳӷǳȤһϤϢȵȵȣһ֣֪ʲôҲ٣
ٺ٣бβܸɵۣһҪһѣҺôܸ˸ռˣͨҲȥ
Ӧ£ߴ֣ڳΧóһ׷ᷨӡ
Լһ졣
楳̾һԨʯȷˣз֣ȷһ쳣ϢڳǳӴӦŲĶ棡
һŮӵʦ㣬ǿΧѰȥڣһЩѷ죬˵ҵܣ
׼жȿܲȥ·ܣ취楺ж
̲ͨסˣǵõ
ܼ򵥣棬ЩжԶû뵽䣬·˰취Ը֡
ʮͷ뿪ˣʮͷڼ֮ڣݵҲڼ֮⣡
ͻڨڨЦݣһ˲ιͶӸԪЩ˵ﻹбôͳͳɱɱһֲ
ôԸ֣̫ˣһн赶ɱˣ츳
Ҳóһ˲ι˲ι飬ٷӡһ÷ɽȡ
氵ͷ츳ͷһԪȥڳϷ΢飬ڲ˲ιһ˲׹ӡ
һ̾ɽȰͷţϢԽԽǿң֪ͨЩƴѾӦ
ȻѾмǧ֮⣬ͻȻ
ಣ
ҲͬʱŮӣͻȻӣ¶誷Ҳٷ
һ̧ͷͼ֮һε׹ǸӦ⣬ǴһȻ˲ι
¶誷Ǿ벻ףΪ˲ι֣

ͻȻתΧ÷¶誷ͷŸӦüϮǹ˲ι
һŮ벻ף𺳵˭ĪΧǿߣҲõ汦ôԸǣ
ͻȻɱŨŨҹ棬ڸ֮ǰһֹ֣Ըǣ
໣
ķͻȻ
Ͻ룡һϢ֮ŮӸϧüͷѾǡ
楴תɽȺȥҲͷԽɽȡ

һһͷΧը


2010 ʯ˿
һͷΪˣһ㸲Ƕȥߴ֡
ԭҲĬüߴַչǸһʱ޷ӳȥ
ɱֻһŽΪ󣬵ɱǳըĽΧʯͳͳ飬һͷҲˣɰס
ǿҲǳصġ
Уʯ֮£ɿЦǰ˻ã˭ԸˣԱҲսʤ
ʱһͻȻʧˣôɱˣɱɱɱ߱ǣߣȥӿ벶ȸں󣡡
ֺܿ챻ɱĶӣߣһɳɽȡ
ݵɱӹɽȡ
ֻ¡һһ֣һŮӣɽ飬˾Ȼݵץ顣
ݵһͽһԽɵľͷնɱ
󲿷ִ׷ֶȥһ˲ι
ڳΧתãûз֮󣬲Żȥûȥ̫Զڼš
һ̵ϴֶȥʮ⣬ʱ䲻ɱǲǿȥ
ٵȵȿҲֻ۷ʱ˿̣ǳ򶨣ȥֶᱦ
ҲǺܽƻģȴ죬ûж̲סͨӰɳ
氵иӦΧɿҲ׼ʱ֣һ̣ͨӣ֮ǰӦǹϤϢƺΪǿҡ
·һʲôǵģУ֪Σգòһ˾Ҫ뿪
ɿݳӣӦ֮лдͬ
ӴԼף״ΧɢȻһʯΪ
оʯҲ֪γɣԶϢ˱ǶŵµϢ
ʯǰֻǵһǱʶӦʹʯϸойϤϢ֮ǰٴŨһЩȻ΢ҪģԼӴΪܸӦ
ڴ֮ǰδͻƴɣӵдɽ𵤡ΪԪǲܴʯ֮иӦϢ̤һ磬̤ԨմӦϤϢ
ָͨʯɶʯͷҲ֪꣬ʯ㻹ܿˮƳĺۼ
ƺû֮ȷһ˿˿Ҳ̫ޣӦһӣͨЩʧ
Χңںϣʯ֮ʲô

һʯƾվһδԵҺ
ͷ츳ӦںϣΧٴλΪɫ磬Ӧ֮µʣǻɫ
ʯǻɫģҲˣʯǣʯܿЩˮƳµĺۼһϸ΢˿øӦ͸ʯڲԼǲС
Ҵ߶ǧʱ
ֻͷ츳޷ʯϸӦʲôټϴǧʱ
ϾһʯҺһ㹻̺̫
ǧʱ߶֮عϢӦʼʯ͸
û뵽һξȻɹˣǧʱطͷţܸʯϵ˿Щ˿Ȼ̺һЩҲ̺һЩ̺һЩ
һӣ治ɷ̾ţϴһʯͷϾȻ̺ô˿㿴Щ˿¶ɣ·ʿڵĵһ
ȷһЩ֮УӦݵһ˿ӡʯϣҵɿ󣬿ܷͣû뵽طܿʯô಻ܡ
ɿҲںϽʯ˿Ҳ𺳲ѣ˵طȻܿЩ˿ˣҴܿʯΪγ㾪ۣ
桢氲š
ʵ飬Ȼ֮е飬飬飬飬Զ֮еʯ꣬컯ھ֮飬γٶȺҪ£ſγʶʯΪ壡
Խ壿
ʯЩ˿֮У֮γɵۣЩۣδкܴܴʯͷΪ壬ʯ֮ϷЩ̺ۣǴҺʱ͸һЩʱ䱻ʯ֮γɵۡ
˵Ǳδܽ壡
ˣȡʯƷƶ󡢵ĺòϣֽޣΪʯ飬ֻҪͨȥͻںϣտΪһǷ뷽¶誷ƣ˽ƳΪȷ¶誷Ϊ

û뵽ɿ˵ʯж಻ʱ
նҡҡͷγô꣬಻ףҾȡƷǷҲ̫ϧͲһγʶѾзҲвȱԳɾ


2011 ʯ־
ɿ𺳣Ҫһ컯˭֪ôô¾δɱΪ壬ǿ󣬳Ϊһǿߣ
ʯƺĳϢ
һ̣ǧʱϵ͸ʯڲ
·ʯЩ˿٣˿˿һ㣬Ǵǧʱܣʯ˱仯濴Щ˿֯һ𣬷·Ҫûĳո״̬
ʱ͸ʱֿһЩ˿Щ˿Ϊϸ΢Ŀӡʯ
֪ΪΣЩ˿иоΪʵϤϢ
ԽʵԽһЩ˿֮УȻΪģΣѵʯӵ
̫ǿң˿֮УйϢ֮ǰӦģҲҪѰҵϢ
Ϣʵ޵ĺܣдǧʱҲ޷ӦǿңƻΪ㣬Խɣɾɣ˵ܸӦʮǿϢ
ˣҲ޷ʯڲ
뿪ʯʱٿʯ
ԭ֮ǰЩ˿ڻûΪǴû뵽ʱ˿ģ֯һΣȻΣҲЩ˲֣̫𺳡
ĥΪλ㣿֮ǰ˿һ˿˿·ںϣ
ɿעһᣬЩ֣ˣƾʯ컯Щ˿Ѿ飬ջγ֡

˵ʯѾ㲻˵ʯΪͻȻͷˣ
Ҳ벻͸кܴϵҲңҲˣҲ棬ĳֹʯͻȻ仯֮ʯǣ컯Ե
ǺܿܳΪ壿
ھ飬Ŵ󲿷飬꣬꣬ԽҪľʱԽֻǿʼ飬컯
꣡
꣡
֪Ĳһ䱦ҩһһγɵʱҲġ
ˣʶĲף󲿷鶼ǿңȻ֮γɣһЩõͨһЩ˿κЩȻҲԣһЩͨ壬ܶһӵвٱҩҩʵڲͷģǴĲɿ־̾
ͻȻῴ棺ϴҶʮˣ֪еĲףʯףɳȻǣ컯˵ԺΪ壬ǻδļ̳С
δļ̳У
仰ͻȻ棬ûȡʯ룬뵽ѪйأԴ˼̳УѪ
ڷɼ֮Уٹӡšͥ˹
һҲǼ̳Ҳ˵δʯǻһЩ̳С
ҾٴʩչǧʱΪӳһһ
û뵽һ̣Ҫʯһ컯
ȻʵǷ¶誡Ƴɽ楣⨺˶޷
ӵдǧʱط
ˣ
޵Ĵӹĵ£һģ·ӣʯڲ
ͻȻܼģ˿֯ΣȻʵһЩһһģΪǧ
ɿţۣǧʱ治֪Ǻεϴͨˣ㾹ȻԴһ죬ʩչطһӳ֣ʯٶȣӿ򱶣Ҳ޷ڼӿʮꡢʮٶȣʶӴʯֲ´ǧʱʯطΪδԴǧطΪ
컯ˣ˭
ಣ
ʶʯ֮뿪
ɿʶع飬ʯûб仯ڲ仯Ƿ츲ء
δʯû壬ΪһʿΪֲǧʱطӳ֣δǧطΪ
ʱͨӺ󷽷ˣһЩѣһһЩǳ΢ףҲʯܣ
ܣʯǳϲЦЦ󷽡
ܣһʯѴ˾ϲ˭֪ʲô
󷽽һȻʮѷ죬ЩγɣǸɿʹѶɣ·ǰһ
κһѽԿһˣ˽ȥͨһɿǰƴС壬Լ츳ٶȣڵѿʩչ
ʮüͷһʣѾоһϤϢ͸ڵǿһȻ
ɿǰһɻͷˣ㿴Χұڣˮƺۼƺǰһף֮󣬳ЩѣҲںܾǰͲں֮£Ϊؾ
ΧʯϣȷһЩˮƣʯЩˮƲ࣬³¿ĺۼ


2012 뷨һϢ
Ҳͬɿ˵ںܶǰͲں֮£ǰûб˷֣ⱣĽ죬һвŵֲ
ʯӲ̶ȿȴ۷ɸ߶ȣֵطȫԽɱ
֮ǰӦǹϤϢΪʵͨһѣоⷽʯ·Ѿȫ״̬
ˣɿͻȻ濴ǰһѡ
ȥڵϷʮɵλãһʯʯ֮У¶ǿʯ
û뵽ԭʯȻڵʮͨҲ𺳣֮ǰƺδֵʯ
ʯӵ浽ʮҺȻȻǵܣƾʯǲҺԽõܣɿͨϸѰš
ɿܿ˷֣桢ͨǰԶһһʯڡ
ʯڷǳ⻬ǽһʯ۳ɣƳǽʯڣ¼˶ⲻȻγɵġ
һʯڣӷʯڱмɳѺָۣܼץۣԼۣɼǰҲ˻Ǵֹʯڽйϧ޷ɹʯڡ
ʯжӲ
ͨϸ鿴ʯڣÿһʯ·ǾĴĥɣһʯʣûжӲ̶ȳɣĳ̶ȡ
ϷʯȻЩ꣬ûһѺۣ·ʯж̣ƺȲʯǰӲʯҲһЩۼ
һӣͨΧû֣ʯڱҲ޷鿴ж޴󣬾ʲô״һ˿ͷʯλãƺڳ·ղǿʯλҲʯϷ
ɿҲһոѺۣܾʯ֮УЩۼҲǰ˷ʯܣŹʯڣϧ޷ʯڣ
ʯڶӲ
ͨǸӣͷ룬ץʽɽ桢ɿ棬һұѺʯһǡ

֪ʯûнʯпǣ֮ʽɽǿе
ٿʯûһ˿ۣͨųһȫԻɱһǿߣȻ˲ʯһ˿˿ʯӲȳԽɰ
ȷˣǴʯڲӲʹʯڣ
淴⣬ĻܵһӰ졣
ͨӵдʵɱһɶ⣬һڻʽɽȻ޷пʯڡ
ɿҲϾˣҲҿƬԣ
ףҲã
ƬôǼģпʽɽȻҲӵе۽׷Ӳȡ
һɿ³ƯץƬһĥɵ۵һǷǳԭʼ˾Ĵĥɡ
ɿʼҲʧ桢֮ͨɿӶƬ˲ȥ
꣡
˫ĿƬʯʱԱĳǣһɲǼʯ֮л
˳ƶʯгһƬȻޱȣֻɿ˺һоʯȻӲƬпһ飬Ҳ𵴣ֶڴ
ɹˣͨӵϼʯ飬һ⻬ޱȣʯûʲôһֻҰɫʯ
ɫʯϷʯһһЩͬʯΪʯһδԭϡ
ˣƬпʯɿҲʯӲȸԾ
ʼиʯڣпһӡ
һԾһ̣˸ž˻ǣɿһʯʱʱпһʯ
棬ͷŸӦܷӦʲôһ̣ûס
ûģпʯڣ뵽һʯڲӵзǳµΣգʱ鷳ˣʯﲻܣһ˽Ӵܡ
ͷŸӦ츳ں֮Խɿ𽥴ʯ֮иӦʯڡ
Ӧ޷ʯڣͽ֮ǰΪڵ޷ӦʯڵĴڣ츳Ҳ޷Խʯڡ
ɿ󲻶пʯʱӦ֮пһӡ
ɿѾпһ߶һ˸ߵĿӣʯ׹䣬ɿҲ۵һŴ
ԭԴ߶ɽопʯڣɼȻƬҲ˷òʩչɽ
˵죬ֻһƬȻгһѺۣѺһ͸Ϣ
ɹˣ
ɿ۵ò̱ɲֹƬпһָĺۼ
ոոӦϢȻڽ֮У̾ڻϷ֣ΪϢͻȻӿתڲҲһЩ
ںϵķǣҲ΢΢춯
һ̣Ծѣԭ֮ǰӦǹϢȻַࡢϹŷƵϢֲþϤֲǺȷϾҲŴҮɼȡδں϶꣡


2013 һ
ͨҲһʱ޷ӦʯϢҮɼǹɷϢһ
һģϢҲ̫ǿңֻǱ֮ǰӦʱҪǿҼû뵽Ԩ⴦Ͼʯڣ뷨һϢҡҡͷʼϸϸĥ
ˣŬһӣȫпһӣʱǿԽȥɿϢһӣһѪֱӶƬиʯ
ȴ뷨ʯڲһϢ
ַҲڽ֮пתҲΪʯڲϢ
½磬նɱҮʺƣͨɡӵɵ࣬ӷͿʼɽ磬ҮɼӴϲŵõǣҲֵ֪Ĵų޳ַ࣬û뵽Ԩ뷨ϢһԺﲻǽ˼·ǳ
ӷҮʺƣõ࿪ʼɽԭȻҮɼõķǻԵС
ˣѾпһӣǿԽȥиһӣҲܽȥʱɿѾп߰СӶڡ
ɿ˷ޱȵʱ򣬴Ǽ˺ѷ죬ȻмʯԼԼϢƯ
ͻȻھϴƺһֱ˿ӵĸо
ӣ
˲ӱÿ˵仰һ鷢Ƿǳ޷֣֮ĸо
ɲתͨĿʯȻƯڽʮ⡣
Ŀʯƶ桢ͨʱʯȻֲˣҪ˵ʲôʱһʯɲǻû
ΪһŮӣǷ¶誵ķ
Ůٴûܼʱͨһڡ
ǺͣϧǷֵһУǵģʯҲڻû
˲ۣԼһŮʯûɣ˫֮ͫûһ˿ɫ
Ҳһν룬һ֣˶ǳԽɵĴڣ¶誷УȻСģǸΪ۵ӣʵǳǿ֮£ǿߡ
һŮʵȥȷ¶誷ǿһЩӦһԽɾ磬̫õ
ǽӣͻ棬ͻѪһģѪͻӵд˵ѪܳΪֽţ
ĬĬˣмȼɵ𺳣楣˵ڷ棬Ȼֻһ־ǿ־ŮޱܴͥԼ־Ͷ½ֽ֮УǺεȴͨ
ͻȻһָ棬ִֽۣ½ֽ磬ΪУҵ۹ʥ壬ΪУҵ۹ΪУ챾ҪѹʶȤһһ·ɱҲϢʱ䣡
ִۣǺܾǰִۣҪɱңȻǳԽɵĴڣһٸҶǶ֣ҪɱҲѣԾͷ򶨡
ҲΡȻ˵ֽ㣬㻹Ǹɶǵķˣȴܵõ½ҵĵӷϣҾͷŹ㣡
楣
壬ֽ޵дڡ
滺Դ˵ǰһ޷κһˣҲˣֻǾ糬ԽҶѣҵɣҵ˵㣬Ӧ¶誷˵ѾںϣǸȡҲȡߣ
ֻǺˣû뵽һзħ۵ħʿԷΪƷħǵõڰħĴУʱǨ棬ܵõԵҲллӷħȡر˵ǲǵˣҲǷߣǶǷߣαҪԣǱԳΪѣ
ѣûѣ
Ǵأ½統峤ᵽɱһθ飬ױԿǣȡ˾𣬽㣬ճɾ
˵ĺһûʣңС໥飬໥壬䣿Ǹ½峤ȻǿиСĨȥ䣬Ҫǳȫδ̤ͥɱ壬С
һǾû̸
Ǳû˵ȻҲҪллǣ֪С䣡Ҳǿߣ⡣
ԭʯ־˼ԨԴϧֹϵڵλʵ£ҲòҪ
¶誷ͻȻ楱ȭʦ㣬˵˷ѿˮ̶ߣ
ջʧҡͷǾ׽棬Կɣ
ͨͻȻץǰħɷӿǳˣȺүνһѹ
ɱ
¶誷һŮӣͷųԽɿֲδչƣ˳ӿˡ
̫£ǲǶ֣ʯڿռ䣡ɣǿǳԽֵĴڡ


2014 ص
£桢ͨɿ涼оҪ飬ɲת뼸һͬʯڶڡ
¶誷Ц֪вöԸǣע֪ǵ֪Ҫȡ
¶誣
ಣĴҲɱ
һ˲䣬·һĹء
ʯ֮Խڣڲ桢ͨɿ󿴵ΧһƬֻܿʮڵľڲоտյһϢϢޱ޼ʡ
ҳϢһа֪ΪΣаȻоЩϤ
һ뷨ϢԼаָӦϤ
һ΢΢

¶誷۴Ӷڷ룬ѹȶ
ӣ
桢ͨɿ䣬ŸָϢʯڿռ䣬æȥ
һԶſռ䣡۰ԵХ
¶誷ҲӦûгڵģ棬޻أҿԹŴ򹷣
ಣ
һŮҲʯ硣
εȿռ䣿ΪϢҪйɷǳаϢŮһأ͸о
侲ˣҪģӦһԶſռ䣬Ԩô꣬˵ж಻һȥѰ棬أֹӳȥ
Ů뷽¶誷ȥ
أ
һߣŮڶڴ·ĳֿΪŮӣЩ
׷ˣ

ԼֻܷɳһٶԶ桢ͨ˵ķ֣⴦ʯڲռϢ̫ϡӣֻʩչʥٶȡ
﾿ʲôܣʲôɲǻͷͼڰ֮У·һȶ
ɿڷգˣٶȣӲϢͱ׷ϣ
ӣ˼ȥ
ѾͶ·ɣںһХܿ׷
楶һɴ⣬ΪٶȣȻҲֻܷӳͨ߶ȣ޷ﵽɣ̫ˣ
ƺһٶȲ۾ȿǰӰϧ̫ڰʲô
ʱ˿̣桢ͨɿԣٶһαơ
ӴֱʥϢȻ뿪壬α飬޷뿪Ƥ
ԽǽԽǿ£ףٶֻнɣɶﲻ
ӣ
֣ⷽʥٶ׷ѾԽס
̫ڣ˫ѾԷϧ׾룬·ǧԶ
յٶȱƣֻɲʱ۵üֻ˫ء
ಣ
ʮ⣬楡뷽¶誷׷ˣͷһͬԶ
ǻӣ¶誷ΪͨûһǰܣǶ˻Сٶ
۲׷ȥ֮ǰ˵ǱȻ󣬾ֻ
ǿУͨ
ʲô
׷ף
桢ͨɿٶȣҲֻܲǰ
ǿ׷żɺ󷽣߶̫ͨ£ơϢ޷ᣬֻܴ߶
Ҫ֮ʣǿͷųһЩâ˷Ƕȥǰʮҵλãƣ۵ĲƣһЩϼӰӸںڰ֮С
Ǻڰ֮УȻһӡ
ԼԼǿԿһӣ±ֵķ¶誷ԼۣԱ
ˣǰжƺӣ⴦ʯڿռ䣬ȷͨҲǰӳ֡
Ҳɫ·ӣѾѹ޷գҲ޷ʩչֻͨʩչֽ֣
ʲôȻ棬ñҪ
ͻȻХŭɱ棬֮ǰϷҵȣһ䣬Ҫ죡
ಣ
һͷŶ
ΪǹǣգȻͷŰɫâ˷
ģӰǲһ飬һâϷΧڰ
ΧֱʯǣһǷǳ̣ʯӲȵʯ
˼Ӳʯ
εѹʯּӲʯ
ʯˣΧûκһУյģܿһЩۣտʼδ⣬ŰâϷ۷ǳй棬ĳӡƵġ
ˡ
ͨһӽˡ
ԭΪͷŰâǰӰڽͨӣһɶִʮɸߵɫʯƺһЩʯ
۶̲סϲʦ㣬ƺЩۣһԶӡǣռ˵ܵõһԶŴͨǴӡ
ӡһöҸǰӣ͸һ極Ŀǰ


2015 ɻʵʵ
âֻͷŰףͲٷŴΪ̫£âҲס
ٿԿʯۣҲԼǰʯ
ɫʯϻһЩģЩӡǿģȻ֯һʯ𣬷·ʯǵ̣ĳܡ
ӺǲҪﱦǵģҪץ棬屦
楣
ʱȥᱦŶԸԼ
ͨɿҲȥעʲôʯ󱦱ҲûлҪ
´룬ȥѹ棬¶誷ƻδָ£
Сӣ㻹żʱõڿգռڣڿգڵκͥǿߡ
ҲͷţƳһ죬ӲӵģɲۣͨǷۣ̺ͨ
˾桢ͨҲɣѿʩչͨȻɻʣֻһһʿһоܽѹ
һԽɾɻʣ
ǰˣѾǾͷɻʾǻߣ̤ɻʵˣӵв֮ŵˣҲɻΪ
ɿʱ׼֣ܶһĿǴɣȥɣɻʸ˲ĴڣܳΪɻʣͥӦĸ߲㣬ϴǷߣһɻʹƻҪǿ󣬹Ӧɻ죬¶һ죬ǸŮӣΪӦɻʶ죬ǿ߾楣
ɻʣ
֮
Ƭ̼䣬ͨ𽥺ˣǰ𵤣ΪɣǲĴڣû뵽֮ϣɻʣǴ˱̫潣ΪҪ߳һ磬ȥͨǿԽһ̫潣ŻҪǿ
ɿ̫潣Ҳɾ죬һ̤ɻʣϧԶҲԳɾɻʣ̫潣Ҳһͨˣ۳ȥԽһǿ
ͨҲ־أһȫǰɱ졢նɱ˾ȻԽɣ
ɿضһ䣺ˣǲͨ۽ֻ֣зֵܵһ
߶Сǿ׼ʱ䣬÷ͨɱһ̣ڴ߶С
һС䣬ǰڷ磬С䣬⨺֮ͽСڲ
֮⣡
ڻʽ֮Ѿںϵ۷壡ͻȻͣ־һƬն¡
ɻʣȻռ䣬Խٶɱ
ٶȣ
桢ͨʱٶȣҲɡɣȻٶȣѾȫѹǡ
ɱһСͻȻöǰ

С񱻽նУ¡¡ըǽ飬СûһӰ졣

ɱɽʽ֮еļƷɽɻУѾںϵ۷壬״̬
ɽٶȳɣѾʥ߶ȣܿռ䣬ʥٶȶ桢ͨԣǡ

һС۰չһȭɽҺüʱʱʱ̹̿ע۶ܼԦСɽ
Ŷ
۴߶ɵɽȻ۾С񣺡ǺεƷʿܣȻе۽׷Ʒʣ
󷽣¶誷ߺʦ֣зǳıȷֲӦ̤۽ףⱦɿһ﷨뱾ûа취
֮ǰһΪ㴵ǣԼ²
ɲǼ䣬ɫˣڴ֮ǰζɻͨ״̬ն
ƵС̶ȳԽ
˻Ǵһ죬ԣӦʥ۷巨ͨʽ׷ǳɲſʼʽ׷ɻʼߣЩʽ׷ҲƿΪȻܴ߶۽Ʒʵķ
һ̣ζӳ¡
ͻȻ̤ΧһΰĽˣһԷԼֶҲˣȻܵȷӲⲻһ

ۻûʮˣÿһɸߣҶսףһģһ
ʮֳֳìͨì·ʵıì̳ۺս˿ʼһƶ
żɣӽֳֳìƣоƤ˺ѣ͵ĵһϢҲԽɣ
ɿľսⲻһͨ۳ķ⻯ɻ죬ַֻӵɻʶʵˣСܶʮɻʹʩչʵ
ǿӣ𱻽˰ΧԷ̫ǿܿռ䣬Ȼͨ
һ֮䣬ӣ
ͨɿ̳ٶȣֻٶȣʯǷ
ŭŭŭ
ҲɱˣҲǷɳۣٶҪ죬׷ɱͬʱЩҲҲü˿ҪԪ顣


2016 ǿǿɱ
ⲻһԪơ
ɿ󣬱ҪʯǰԪƣ˲Ѫ
ˣͨɱǰħɷɱȥ
СҲ߶֮£¡һƣһˣԳìƣȻ֣ì˲顣
࣬Ѿռ죬濴ǳìС񿹺⣬ɲַһץ
Ƹ

«һһâҲһâ¡𵴣㽫˴̳ĳìƵס
ǡ
Ŀ֮еӰƸӰӣĪǴ֮Уɽ磬ŵľƺ«
ƺ«ʦ㣬һΪһ۽׿ռ䷨ȻǴ֮еı¶誷һԾ
ڳӶ࣬ƻѹ棬ȥ屦Եõƺ«Ϊء
ʵҲõ«˺«̤ɻһ磬ȥ壬ҲܳΪһ
ϧһжˣ񲻵ûеõƺ«ҲһС
ƸͷŹƣ桢ͨգСֹǰˣƸԶԸҽ˹ƣɻʹƣֲؿռڣҲκβɡ
ȻƸСǶ˾ǿʮҲвɻʡ
ͨûߣԸѾóֶΣ楡¶誷ٳ֣Ǿˡ
̤ʯҲгҲ˵
ս֮ŭ
ŭһơ
ʮһͬ˴̳ì
һƣϷ桢ͨһĻ˵˹ɱ̫ס
С޴󻯣õסƣСҲĹû
ۣ
ͨһѪ棡
Сסƣˣ
ǰδģѪ֮оȫƵģ޷ûһ˿
ͬͨҲ㣬ƸһЩֱ޷̧üѪ
ɻʵ
ӵõСǰκǿУֻҪ߶СҲһ򣬵δйǱ³
Сǿ߿˵״򲻶Ҳֶ֮һȻԽɣɽϻߵ£СȻ޷ȫ⣿
ⲻζţӴԺֻҪɻʼǿߣ޷ʹС
ϣɻ⣿
ۼһĻûһ˿˿ȣɫЩӡһɣǷߣһ֮ɽ羭ʮǰУ̤ɻʣΪߣԶ޷󣬶ֻ֪÷ǿĶȭͷ
ˣٶȱȲۣҲԵֵɻ취ǽ춼Ҫɿʩչٶȣʯȥһǰ
ʵڲУֻܲƸɻѵܴ۽׷ɣ
һ취ҲǱ֮
Ƹ
ǻûߵһһ̣桢ͨǿߵҩһʬľʱҲ˿ٻָ
ǿ֮ĩѾ޷ֶãʦ֮һУնɱ棡
¶誷
ֶС񣬶һ˿ЦݣӲ֪õˣֲֽ磬ô޷Ըһˣô౦֣½磬Ҳһκɱ֮󣬱ǵģ
棬ȷţ
ֿʮսʿȻСƸ赲󲿷ֹƣȻǿƣ˵һоǣǻţȻ˵ģҪлл⴦ܿռ䣬ñ޷ʩչ˲ϢԽ֮Улл󱦱ǱҲ޷ŹһУڶУܳŶã
˫ֻӶ޵ͷŴ
ʮսʿٴδ̳ìϢƶһ桢ͨϷ
ˣ
һУ
ղһУСǶˣѾ֪һôֲ
ͨ߶Ѫգͬʱ߶СҪһڽսʿϻ֮飬Խ࣬ǶӰͻ

һɼɽһϷ
Сֱһ̤˫ۺݺݺȥ
ʱըҫۻ⣬һ̣ը֮ƱС赲·桢ͨȻ˳ȥ
ѪƤѪѣһûС񻯽๥ƣ˵ĸء
ˣɿСٶȳȥƺ֪һ̣Ѿв
Ǹǣ֮ǰһУֻñһĳȻ޷ܵĴڣñ£ǾȻûбը֮£һʮսʿҲһΧССȥ
桢ͨ⣬֮ȴú󷽾ǹϵʯ
˿ű˴ˣ϶ѪѣϽһ˲ιԼѪȻһֿʼԿֲٶȻָ


2017 صĿ
ͨһսʿߺһȣɻʰһҪΪɻʣүүģΪɻһ죬һҪ۸ˣ
˵ɽ֮ǴûǱһδԺڰħͷ¶誡׷ɱ
ԾɻʣǲŹĴڣȻǾһû˿ֵ֮
ҲֻвƸڣֻ쳣侲Ƹץġ
һΣҪ뷨֮УƸУδΣ
ˣ
ʱţʯû˼ȥʯ֪һϤϢʯ֮Щ
ſʯ֮͸ýַ֮ԸٶתԺķǣҲ΢΢
뷨һϢĴڣҡҡͷֻпЦлŪֻһ֮ңԶҲûʸ⿪ܣ
ͨͻȻ֧֧ᣬͫ׷Ŵ󣺡ˣ㿴ǲۻиվʯ󷽣
Ҳʯһ࣬Ȼһֻһֱֻۣƺһʯ󷽡
ɣ
ֱӡܿռ䣬ô˻˶ãꣿ
սʿͬĲѾǰˣڹ£ĵĻҲŹǣ
սʿɱҲ桢ͨҲʯѾɶȥòʯ
֮Уû֣Ǹ浱Լǵ
濪ʼ߶ƸͲ«֮У۽׷кεͣܶԸƺ«
꣡
һ̣߶Ƹ˲䣬澹ͨͬʱʯж·ʲôѿһ
ѵʯһǿߣ
һϢ߹ȷһˡ
һƳһɵˣСѾ߳
ʲôˣʲôģŮҲ桢ͨ˴˿һۣ˲䶼֪Ҷܿռǿ

Ҫѣ桢ͨɱʱ򣬺ȻһһӰ
һ֮м棺ִ߶ܣ̶ˣڻǰû˿ã
һﻹΪˣǴ߶ģⷬͨЦãҲú˭ʯ󷽵ˣͻȻͳˡ
һ̣˴Ӻڰ֮߳һȻһֻʣƤǵߣͷˣƤûһ˿ѪɫƤ
Ҳ֪ڴ˶ȹ£ѾΪˣΪ桢ͨϸо˿
Ǻεȿܣ
ۼˣ˲£ȻҲ⣬֮ǰʶСȻ֪Ŀܶ򵥡
桢ͨûлش𣬲֪λش
´ˣ˱ȻֲһҶһԷ־ɱ
ۿŻ߳˫ڴ˵ͬʱû뵽󷽴
ѵ
лˣ
ðͬͷԽʵܿͼһֻŴӺڰ֮
ȻҲһµ˺ѵߣ˺󷽺ڰ֮
ǻôܣɫҲ΢΢סһܺȻԶԸɾȻеڶ
Ҳһˣ֮󣬾֮ǰԱߣû˵û顣
ۿʼˣһֲˣΪһ̴桢ͨ߳ˣȻһߡ
ĽҲһʱסˣҲ֮ǰС̫Ĳ˼顣
ͨȴо󱳣һֱವģƺһֱͰ͵ˣ⡢ô£Ѿˣƺ󷽻лˣ
ò׼ֻܶżǵţǵűǣЩ˶ûӦǿһ֣
Ȼ߳ˣҲһˣͬǣͷŵħ
ƺһħǿߣҵħǿʱִͷһɫǡ
ħǿߣ
ﻹԺڰħĿܣ˶ԶħѾǳϤͨ
ͨһ̣𺳲ѣҴħϣоŨҵĺڰħˣɲһĿܣħӵ㾪˺ڰ
ô
ɫأƺҲ֡

ͻȻһΪһ̣󷽣ȻһӰĪǻпܣ
汻˵ˣԽǼɵʲôԽҪʲô
һ̣桢ͨɫͬʱһܴӺڰ֮߳ȻһߣҲǿħǶħǿߡ
ûѾˣ桢ͨǾսսӣΪһӰӺڰ֮߳
ֶһܣѾûжٸоǺ󷽵Ҳ𺳲ѡ
½ߣ˾˵Ŀܣ׽š
Ϣ֮󣬲֪ŵھ߳ȻһǾվһ࣬Ȼûκζ
һֻоܡ


2018 Ž
û˭ӾŴܣȻãûһϢǳ䡢ϡ
Ŵܳ˵һܻвͷͷˣƤҲһЩѺۣ·Ҫ
ϻһ֮ͬǵüģһԼԼϸܿĽӡ
˵ˣߣŴܣû֮ǰóǲǣ
룡
ͻȻں˵ҹţŴܲ棬Ǻʯռ䣡
Ժ󷽿ռ䣿ѵصصĿܣһӣۼ˻ΪľͷϢҲҶ
ζʲô
һɻʣ֪ܲ
ֵҲһӡһصǰ¾ŴܣȻǷֹκ˽Ҫģ
ҿж
ȻûףɶߵһǰܷܲŹɣ
ȻܷŹ棬ۿΪ屦ģصıһȥгΪǿߵĿܡ
һ̣߶һսʿ˲Ŵܡ
桢ͨûж֣֪ŴԺʯռ䣬ֿռпܣֻһܣؾռ֮УػһС
ֵǣɻΪ桢ɿһܾ͸һԶŴػߣΪβǳ֣

սʿɱˣǿĲìзĺâ
ֻԶ
սʿͻȻӿٶȣһǹڰ֮лĹ켣һǹһһܡ
ʱһֵĿܣͻȻ
һ̣üĵĽӡͨ״̬ȻһɳڷƵģ̫ء
ŽӡΪ棬ٶȾȻˣһԾһн˴ĳìҲ˲һ𣬾Ȼͬʱ𵴶˺

˱ɼɣոסǳì飬Ȼϳֲٹѡ
ٿܣüĽӡ󰵵һЩûʲô쳣üĽӡ΢ɼղһ٣֮ƺ޷ʿһõ䡣
䣡
սʿһ̣ʯһ飬ΪһؽɫƬӡɢƬһҽʧ
һһ⻯̣꣬һֱķ⻯Ȼһлܡ
ɿ˷ܽ£̫ˣһܾɻʵǾܣ
ͨҲ˿¿أֻҪסۣΣҲʲôɽˮ·һ壬Ǳ˵زٺ٣˷תһĻ
ȴ󷽣Ҫûߣδ֪ģŴʱסۣǸϽ
תȻ߳һû뵽ʯӿֲ
Ӳߣʢŭȵ۴߶սʿһͬɱȥ
֮ǰǵھŵܣüĽӡֿʼͷŹâû֮ǰǰǿңٶȻš
ɱһսʿҲܽԷì飬ûٽɡ
ۼգ¶ϲЦݣߣЩѾˣҲֻЩҲ޷ǣ
ʼ߶սʿȫɱܡ
ɱһüĽӡһЩ˼Ϣ֮սʿʮϣѾ޷սʿɣܿͺ¡һ顣
ɶ񣡡
ʱ䣬桢ͨӳˣû뵽ôпܣ۴顣
󷽣楿¶誷¶誣ʦܶԸЩܣȥʰ棬Ѿ;ĩ·ֻҪ߶ѹǣ

¶誷ƣؿڻһǳǳѪۣɼʱƬˣڼٶȻָ
ٶȻ׷żΪ桢ͨٶȣСѧϰ·ǣ׷ȥҲʮϢ¡
¶誷ɱˣͨգɳȥ岻ָӣʵǸ̫¡
ֻһƳȻ¶ϲа취Ըһһӣ˵ֵطЩܣ⻷طԸ楣ҲȻ˳ߣ
ʲô취
㽫¶誱иң
ǣˣ
ͨ˵Ͱһħɷͷųٱڡ
Բ֪Ҫ¶誱ʲôͨһа취Ը¶誷楡
䣡
ڲ󷽲Զ
֮ǰ飬޼ɵԦսʿɱ
ǣ
̫СܣΪ֮ǰ״飬ܾ͸ףˡ
һɱһΣüĽӡΪǿʢƽһ˳ìԵ飬Ȼһڽֱۣսʿۻ顣
ǿ˵زۼæػսʿϧˣס͵һšŤ黨սʿ顣


2019 
ɱɱɱ
ʢŭ֮£߶üսʿһͬпܣһζԿܴܴ𵴣üĹâҲһ룬ٴɱнսʿ޷˸飬ȻĵٶȣۡսʿҪܶࡣ
Ϣ󣬵ڶܾʧȥսʿһͬ顣
Ҳʧˣսʿ飬Ƿ⻯ÿһɻʾͷʮ
ಣ
¶誷Ҳڿ׷ٶȻؾƣΪϢҲʥࡣ
ͥĸ߲㣬ԸܶѣҲ
棬ӵͷˣ¶誷һץһɽҲҡ
ûʩչͨһһǱʯ󷽡
Խʯʱǰһʯڰ
·ڰ֮УĳַǳµĶӡ
ͨȥٽ
ûа취ǰΣδ֪ģǺ󷽼ͷҪ׷ɱȱϲߡ

ͻȻȷ¶誷ɱ
ʩչǿƣ뼸֣ܽɱһƬ˲ϯӺ桢ͨû
ʵԩܵвʱѾɨʮ֮⣬ǿӡ۵ĵϣѪ
ãɻô֪ˣֻ¶誷ûܵӰ죬ǰܣȻҲҪɻû
桢ͨڵǱ¶誷ɽһ»Ϊһɶ೤һ̳
ģ
ɿ桢ͨˣ֮Լʱֵ¶誷һƬ

ɽɱɿ֮ϣۺɻֻ֮Ƿ¶誷һҲޱ·¶誷ûɻ֮Ҳѹɿһͳͳ飬ҺɽƬס
ɿҲɣƲᣬ濹ס¶誷һɿܱԼǿʮ
֪ɿܵ侪ˡ
¶誷Ƭǿ֮ǰشıץɽͲټɵҲֲסɿ󰡣֮ʱһʱգҲɿӰӣûΪЧͨˣ
ǿԺú̸̸
ͻȻɿˣʣɾ룬¶誷ͿԹ桢ͨ
Ȼʾ⣬
¶誷΢΢Ծ֪ˣǺܵ𣿡
ǱѪѲվֶǶ֪ˣǶѾûеƣҲ
¶誷ȻںԽ佣ƣϧѾˣ֮ǰǶٻᣬԼͷģ˸
ȵȣ
ۿҪɱƣ楺ȻӺ
һ£¶誷èʵʵȴԷض
ʦ㣡
ڼϢ֮¶誷ܷѽʵΪβնɱɱԾ󻼣
極Ƴһۣ¶誷ʶʲô
¶誵ʦ㣬治ףնɱ屦ǿԶأϱҲǵģ
楰˵ɱ̫ףһʼȫҪɱǣܻǻڣûں屦ΪʲôΪοԴ߶屦ˣӺζһǧ꣬Ϊܴӷ̤һ죿
Щȷֻ֪кܶܣ
ɱε֪ܣҲ屦˽⣬嶼֪ģһֱƽ屦ܣȴûгɹǺܴܿСϣҵ屦ܡ
ҡˣ
һʿֻһǧܴ꣬ӷ̤ɽ磬Ϊһɣһǧ꣬㿴һǧӷɽ磬ҲŴӵͻɣҲɾ磬̤Ҫ𵤣ҪУأԽǶٱϵĹһĲ
楰˵꣬ͼ¶誷Ѿ׹
ˣ˵楡¶誷ϵ𣿡
ͬʱͨʵҲڰעԷһһ
ͨʣǾģѵǾûнģһɱ֣
¶֪ӣ㿴׷ɱһ·ϣǵ͹ͷǵȷû·ûѡǿһ㣬Է¶Լ楣Ҳ֪ڼƻʲôһһͷǰעͷ
һ֮楲ſ棺ʱһ뽫Ƿӡ
лǰ˸м
¶誷棬ɱƺǲŹ桢ͨͷһӡ
ÿǣƽܣЩ̫Ҷûаջʦܻܼһ󣬾ʱ䣬ȥǰ
ԭ¶誷Ҫϣ屦ƺ«СȻı
һ̣ΪһУѾ֮עһʯصء


2020 Ϸӡ֮
صʲô
ȻŴܣػܶɻʵǵ⴦صصˣҲһɻʡ
̫ˣΪھͻ֣û뵽ȥעصأҸʱ䣡極Ļ˿
ʱ¶誺ܲԸǰ߹ȥǰ
ٶҲ죬ǲУȥ֮楻ͷһʯû뵽ʯһֹâ
ʯƯڰգͷųĹâ֮ǰ÷ҪǿΧɡʮɡʮɶܿ塣
֣ܽ˶ڲ𺳡
Ű״ʯľͷи·ӡĳˡ
ⷽʯڸа˵ʯһоŵʯÿһʯ롣
һʯȻһЩûдĪǾ֮ǰӦ
õ楳֣һ˼ҲʼΧͷŸӦһʯ
ǵʯҲɫϷŲӡϣһЩʯǲͨʯ񣬶̺ʯ񣬴͸Ϥ
ʯôӵ
ֿԱʯ緢ֵʯϷҲʯ񣬵ΣһЩƲʡƶʯ񣬴Ϸ͸ԷһϢûзǿңԿ϶뷨һͬһ˵
ɻ󣺡һʯͷһʯ뷨һŸʯϢһ
ɿעһᣬҲ˷֣ˣӦһӡԶŴӡʯϢһʯҲһɼӡһԾˣһˣԾ֮ӡĳǱ
ʱ˵ˣ㲻ڲӡҲһ΢΢ϤϢ𣿡
ϤϢ
ӡɿ˵ˣǿˣֲͬķӡǿ
ͷŸӦģӰӡͻȻҲоһϤЩ΢΢аϢħЩϢҲЩаϢƺЩʶ
뷽¶誷ԭһδһֱעΧ
ȻڶԸһܣѾܣĽսʿʣսʿ֮б顣
¶誷ͻȻ˵ʦ㣬ƺŸʯϢͬ·һӡĳһɣ
ӡǶþŹɣӡӦһɣֻǽþֲͬɷӡѹˣ
ҲûжһǴŸʯԼӡÿһʯϢǳ䣬ɼŹˣɽ֮УİҲǳɻʵĴڣϧ̫ãӡѾûǰʮ֮һǿ󣬷ӡȻˣȻǸ޷ʯڣЩܾܽնɱ
ɻʵǿʦ㶼޷Ӧĸ߶Ȱɣ
̫С⴦ӡǾ֮ڱʦִǵҲŴӡʧ룬ٿ⴦󣬶þ֮öɣܷӡĶȻԽɻʣȥ
˵꣬ӣŷ¶誷ȥ
ȷЩϤʲôʶ
滹ںϣӦŴʯ֮ǴӡϢ
ϧһʱᣬ벻ӡϢ̫ǿңƱӡ꣬ʧ̫ࡣ
ˣ㿴ʯһŷоַ࣬ǿҮɼϢһͨͻȻָʯϷв
ԭǶһ
ǶģʯںһǵҲɫϷ飬Ǵͨӡ濴֡
ۣ
ɿףȷۣˣûϵĿģǴ̳֣ۣͨ
ʲôˣˡ
Ҳ֪ɽ̫ʱգϵĻߡߣܺųƵߣǿһ֮ͥУǿߣ˭ȻϢϷһȻǵˣۣȻѾ䣬Ȼ·ǣ𺳣ɿ˵
Ѿ䣿
Щʧ䣬һ첻ݵߣȻѾΪĿô˵ķɡ
ۣ
楡¶誷ڿǴӡעǰͷ
ȻӡʲôǷؼֻĳ壬極õʱԸͷԷŷӡȥʲôǾͱ楣Լ塣
Խǿ޵УȥСܵʱɱ楣ȻϲߣܻɱܽԷˣҲӳȥ
¶誱𣡡
˲֮С
һŮƯ
¶誱
սսɫţĲƣַͨӡԹĵ¡
¶ץݣź𡢱ɱңҿΪκ飬ԵŮūʱʱ̿̿


2021 ͵Ϯ
ҪŮūֻҪһķԸ楾УʵϵĻҾ͸·
Уһ㣡
ӦúȫĨɱ׶Ԫٿ㣬ʱһܣĪҪɱ㡣
ף
֮ǰŮͷԷȵĸ߲㣬˭뵽漸仰ˣѾܾӣ
¶ͷԪʱΧĵ²ϿƣԺҲͷ
ǿԿƷ¶誣ȥԸ¶誷𣿡ʱ
浭˵Ȼԣ¶誷Ҳ򵥣ãѶƴ󲿷Ԫ±ɱһʱҲԪ䣡
¶課ΡΡĵһԸҵķʹõطھ̥ԪʯԼ˲ιɣѾ꣬ʵһЩҪƲ򵥣
ӳ֣
磡
ɲǼ߶ĵ£ǿпƷ¶誱ԪԼ־͵ڿƷ¶誷
֣Ϊ޵־ǿӿ
Сӡķ¶誷עΧһһһͻȻоԺգһ־ΧԪ
ͨԪԪڣһɹ֮ѹԪԽԽֲ
־֮УԿ¶誵ӰӣӰ
žžž
¶誷õԪƣ֮ǰԴݿʼ顣
־忴Χҿӵɻ۷ʿԪ˿ֲ޷ֵĬĬ־Կƣ
ֻҪҵģͿԻҵģӦ֪Ԫᱻҿưɣ֮Уһ
¶誷ת󷽵棺㣿ܣôܿҵԪ񣿡
Ϊıҿƣʱ̿ĨɱԪӦ֪һܻϰ꣬漣˰ɣҲͬͬ⣬ϴͨԪ񣡡
㡢ʲô
Ҫʲôʲô
㡭
楺󷽵ķ¶誷ûһ˿նҧ촽ڵֿ
楷ַ¶誷ЩԾûйʣӦƶˡ
ӡ֮ӡǺεһ˼Ҫõܡ
䣡
һ̣̤Ǹ๵ۡӡӡҲʮɡ
ͻȻһɿֲըȻ΢΢Ӱ쵽ڲ
ף
ת⿴ŰΧǿ۾Ȼɡ
Ǳըâ֮Уֻʣܣһͷ϶࣬ҲǵһֵĿܣһҲ򵥣ƺˡ
ȳܣһתû顢˫ͫɲǼ楡¶誷֮ˡ
¶誣ȥס棬̷˳ˣֶΣ屦ϣҪΪ´ͣ屦ҲǴֽ类Ҳֲ̫ǿҵȫԸſɱҲʼж÷¶誷ȥ桢ͨ
¶誷æȥ˲һĳ˫ס޷߳һ
ʵǵϵԭ򣬶ǵ뿪߳û뵽極ĿߣȻı䷽
楺˼ڷ¶誷ǰһɫۣɲͨķۣһϷ
۽ױףɿ𺳿Ǽۣ۽׷̫࣬б෨١
һʼõ۽׷Ȼ֪ܵ
Ҳ楣·ǧɫ⻪ΧơӦΪӡÿע⣬ӦǷӡãκȥҪֹܵ
ͨ벻ͨΪοܲԸǣ
ӦδӡԵʡʵҲ˵׼⴦Ϲŷӡ֮ίʵ졣

ȳɱˣٶȱҲı׾ֻǼϢѾն楷һĳ
˫һģһƾһǽ֮ܡ
¡ƾסһƣû뵽һƣͨ˲顣
ǿ󣡡һ֮ɣ˳һ̡
أ
ɻʣһɻʣ̳ʱٶȽǡôպôڿϣоڴɽ棬ֻǱһ⣬δ顣
ˣܱ֮ǰ۴ЩܣҪǿʮֹɿϲ˵
ͨ涼ͦ⣬ΪҲɻʵˣ۲֪࣬ǿ˸߶ȣֱӽ֣ҿüĽӡâҲΪǿʢ

˵ʱʱ죬ҲǺǵģٶƣһƾ֣֮ͻأۡ
ýԸܣܵٶȣʵ޷Ӧзۣסһơ
ֻǿµסһƣһĲɣɫɫɫǲ԰ס
Ȼܵһˡ
ߣ׷ɱץһڻʽ׵пܣܹܵһЩӰ졣


2022 ն
ŵҡͷӵе۽ױ׻Ҳˣܿͨһ㣬ޱߣûбףղһƣԻٵҵۣ
ʦ㣬һܱ֮֮ǰҪǿʮ
û뵽Χۣ㱬ը֮УǱߺȡ
ͨЦã̫£ںˣˣ楡ƲƲǳ֣

նҡҡͷܸܵϢ֮У楡ְܼ㣬һ룬ʱܾͲǶ֣ҲаնԸ楣
˵꣬楸Ǳòֳֻʽ۷ɽñ׵ֵһȻſɱɽ岻ǿ֣ܶǵ۽׷Ѿɥڿ֮֡
ܾԳԽ楣ֹһһܣ֮ڣɱ楡
ƫƫӵһ۽ױ׻ܼƹ󲿷׻ȥˣҲˣɼܲ಻һǰ㡣
һ̣ͫͻȻǡ
¶誷ǰΡţϢתץɽ楷ȥʦ㣬һ֮
ûоܾҪҲãֻҪעɣѱһɣټһᣬǾܻ
û뵽ǣ¶誷Ҳͬʱƴ߶ɽɱһ
ǽͻȻ䣬ֲԾһ˫â㤡楡
ۣ
¶誵ķһұۣе۽׷ǰֱܹܵ¶誷ȫһ
ۣ
ŭţ楱ܾɣѪлʽɽ׹ء
¶誡ץסɽе۽׷׹һҲѪ
ˣ
楴ʱ޲ý¶誷ж˿顣
¶誷ҲΡΡеɽֿ楣Ȼʦη
ͣʦ㲻Թңֻܹ㣬Ҫһʱ䣬϶ر𣬿ҪѰұ治֪úεֶΣұƣƱ־Ԫ񣬴ӶҵԪ־һɱ棡
Ӻ󷽣ͨվ˵Ĳȷ˸ղǸڵһʱɱǣȡһбԷҹͶʵΪƷ¶誱ķӶ͵Ϯû뵽޷նɱҲ㹻ˣˣǿ֣ܶ
棬ˣҲɱ㣡һ̼æ

߾Ȼ¶誷ɱȥ
¶誷ֻϧǿߵٶֲ̫һɱ
¶誷ֻûʽɽתֵֻһ𣬿һƴɽԷ¶誷ɽֵ˫޷ɽܾƶ¶誷Ϯ
ۣ
ܾ𵴡ѹ£¶誷ӣ޷ֵԼɽȻԼ·롣
ɽ˲ӷ¶誷նпһΪ
Ҳ㵿һĻͻȻŭȣãǻã²ѱƣҲӦð֪ͨأ㺦ңҲԼ˵ǲǻã
Ҿȡ֮󣬷¶誷ϡﻩɥһ̹ƺԼҪĺơ
գ¶誷ԼĽ£ƴӱѹֹֽ֣δ뵽ġ
ಣ
նɱ¶誷û˿ԥĮĿ楣˶ȥɱ
Ǳ߶۽ױףѾǳӡӾˣ極ٶȡϢֻ֮ǰһ룬ʶܵٶȡ
ٶȫ·磬ζŲǿܶ֡

һɱɽסɽնɱ¶誷ǰ㣬Լնɱ
極ֵƬ̣۽׷ͻȻһһڿϣ߱Ƴһ⡣
ͨ죬ָǰСˡˣ¶誷ڸˣڶԷʣ楣ǸһˣѾвȥǽӳȥ
Ƚ極ķӡʱȻ⣬ǷռϷ硣
ڴ߶ƸӡںϣϷӡӡɡ
ಣ
֮һǶ˷
֮ͨ󣬴һ⣬Ҫ֣
ȻɱˣͨҲɷӡֹֻ楡
ħԼʮֻƳ档
С۷ΪҲһɵħ楿񱼶ɱǣ屦ǵıҲǱģ
һ˫ͫһڷ棬նħħ档
ڣ
кվƳ汻ĳѪħҲɢɻʾʵں˿µħƳ棬ѹ
ಣ
ͨһ硣
̫潣һ۷ɡ


2023 
΢΢һ㻹ó۷ɣԴΪܿһ۷ǿߣҲ򵥣۷ȫɽһȴУ
䣡
ϧŮɱͻмɣȻɱ̫潣Ȼͨ档
仯̫ͻȻ׷ɱٶȣ楣Ԧɽпܣܾû飬ɽ赲£һƿһ極ĺ󱳡
һش
ӵе۽׷壬ҲɳȥٴѪ֮󣬶޷վ
ɿУʹ죡
ܹˣͨȴˣܼƺĿǡ
¶誷вһУҲһˣ˿ֲĿܣֻҪһоͿԽǼͬʱɱ
ͨæ߶̫潣׼һɿҲ׼Ƭо԰նԸܣΪܲʿû˼άƬȻʿȴԶܡ

ǣܾȻûжǳ֣ǴǼǰɹ楶ȥ
ɿͻȻſܴǰӹɰͰ͵Ŵ۾ô£Ǿȥˣ
ֻͨҲţûжԸǣֻ楡¶誷֣һΪȥӡԵʣΧܾͲԸǣ楼ͬƬ򣬿Ӧûǳ֣Ϊһǣ
Ϊʲô
Ҳ벻ס
һ̣ѪصףΪһʯڵõȻɱ㣡
𣿡Ȼ˵ˡ
ͣǵʯȷӦԶһһں⴦ӡػӡŴܣҲմȾҲȻ֣
ԭˣ
ˣôһ¡
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֮£׷ɱмͻȻץһ֮󣬾Ȼǳɻ
һ룬Ȼ棬ٴɱ
ǷҪɱ棬ѹ
һ̣ܻһ׷ĹɽںϣҲһɡ
ɿͻȻһâ
ֻ֪ɿӵкεȾ˱һɿâϽܡ
Ҳһ׷ɱƵһӱܡ
ߣ֮£п׷ɱҿɲ㣡ɿΪ桢ͨ´󹦡
ղɱͨ߶̫潣Ҳܵ

һײ׷楣һƻɽٴνɡ
Ѫ֮óһȻǿֲɻʾһΣٴɱͨ档
̫潣ɱ
ͨͻȻָɣΧӡ
һǻ֣̫潣ԭһԾ˺󷽣ֳɽһӭȥ

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ɽײɱһ𣬸ոջǱ˲䣬ɽѹ̫潣
ɽ̫潣ɽɣµɻʽ̫潣ؿڣ̫潣ŵ䣬˲䱬ըΪѪʧ
̫潣ˡ
Ҳ׼楣һУ߶ɽɱ档
澹ȻûӣǰԵЦЦһСǰ仯

極ɽС񣬲ûѹ񣬷û֮ԽΡ
ڹƲϲС񣬶Ǻ͸
ʹǣ̫潣С赲κʱ䣬Ҳ׷ɱһе۽ױף⡣
楣棬Դɾ磬ɱһɻʵʱ̣
澹ûгٴߣȻԦССûʮɣӶ̤Сͨһɱ楡
һĻڷʱǿߡɱһĻ
Ǹɱϵˡ
죬֮ǰǵݣ
ȻɱѾȥ楾Ȼߡ
棬Ǳ⣬Ҳ⴦ؾ㣬ռʱص˺ͣһͲ׷ɱ㣬ǿߣſ׷ɱ楳ŭץס˵Χ
Źң
첻мҡͷſ׷ɱȥҪ۵ĿܣһΧɱ楣ͷǱӣǿЦ
֮ǰǲһм֡
أ
Եܿͷ滹øлܣЩܣֻܲƺڣѹ֮С
䣡
û뵽⣬ϡܿܡԼӰӡ
һܣӦ۽֣ܣͷһըȻܸը顣
ʣһܡ
ͨ۾ŭϼ˿˵زȻ˿ɻܻ֮飡


2024 Խ
ɻʣ
һϢһ׷ʧȥ滹Ĵ˻ᷴ˻˾ˣҲɻ֮ֻҪſֲ˵ǣǷ¶誷֮Ҳ㹻նɱǵʵ
ɻֲ̫֮ǰ¶誱ѹҲ޷ѹһɻһǿߣͿϧҵ̫潣һӵɸ߽λΪԼʵ楸ˣ
Ҫ¶誷նɱУ¾͵Ϊܣû̫潣ȴз¶誣Ҳ׬ˣ
ҿ᲻ɿܣΪҵŮūҪ˫ޣɻΪʵ
㣡
עΧڽš
ڿ楡ӰӣͷŸӦܸӦ楸պôۣ֮ǰǴǴӳȥһ׷˲š
⣡
һ
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漱æˣ楡̫ǾȻȥһ̣÷ԼΧʯУҲ޷׷ȥ뽫ǻڴˣ
澪ȵҲû취̫ǿַʽ赲׷ɱ
ӦƬ̣ÿҲûе̤ͷˮһգ˺üˣʣ˻ܻţ楡ˣһʱҲԻָ
Ϊ֪һҲԶԸǣҾۣӦò뿪⴦ʱգǻصͥⷽʱ׷ɱǣȥͥԸǣٴʱ˿ûΣգȥӡȻ뿪ӻͥ
ȷ楡޷׷ɱŷȥעӡ֮еܡ
ɿѪڷָţһһˡ
һŵϹۿӡΪڿӡʮɣһϢ
ԭǿܣ˶ڵһںϣ֮ǰ²ǶԵģۡ֡
ˣȥϢǸʯ·վʿһĬĬ
ԼԼӡ
һܿΧӡӾŵʯÿһ黨һϷܿٵۣҲԿÿӡи
ӡڲһóʯɵķ̳̳ͨϷвٹӡǣЩۡӡ֮УȻоӡϢ΢΢·̳£·̳һ
ΧŴʯԼӡܸӦŵӡ롣
ȿɣ˲ſӡסĲʲôҲʲô鱦һˡ
ֻǷӡһˣ
˶һȻӿ죬˻ŵĻôôǿߣǱۡ־ͷǿ򱶵Ĵڡ
ͨţԼԼѹô꣬ǵҲ
ӡԱߣŵʯķ̳ϣȷһˣ·鲼ãĹӣѪ֮У·סÿһͷ
̫ˣ
ɿ󣺡ߣһǴ֮ҲܱŴǿߵӡֵͬ飡
桢ͨҲĬϣˣܱӡǵõŴǿߵ
ӡ֮У۵Կ϶ǺĴڣҲӦܣͷӡһȻаħ֮
֮ǰҲӷӡռӦһаϢȻⱻӡ֮˵
ֻаΪνЩϤ֮У
Ʒӡô꣬ˣͨӡɿΧѰš
òֱ׷ɱһӣһҪõ
һ̵ˣҸоӡ·ʯ̳ƺϷʯһƵϵϢ
ɣ
ͷŸӦһӦӡ·̳
̳Ȼʯʯʣڷ̳֮УȻһЩ˿ȻȲϳϷʯϵ˿ִϢǿʢЩ˿һ˿˿һ棬ԼǧʱϷĳط
̳Ϸʯģ򲻿ԳϷʯ·̳
Ծŷ̳ڲԼϢȻǿң˽Ӧ£ϡӦ
Ϸʯ·̳ͨʯ뷨̳һ壬ʯȻǧף˼飬˵һ飬ǰƴСҲľϡ
·̳ӡ·뷨̳ȻӿϷӣԴ˷ʽλĪǾӡǽа֮˷ӡ̳ͨһ㽫ӡ֮˵룬̳ͨʯɢȥʧӰ٣
ͻȻſ̳࣬Լ뵽Ϸʯ·һ̿ӡܡ


2025 ֮ħ
룬⴦Ƿӡа֮ˣΪĳԭûնɱа֮ˣֻͨӡӡٴˣôʯа֮˵һ롢ʧȥ
Ϊεӡа֮˵ǿߣӡֱ֮ɱˣҪ
ɿͻȻӷӡ󷽸ߺˣпģǹ⴦ӡ󣡡
һȻڷ̳󷽱أһЩģǹģԡ
Ļ˵ӡ֮Ϊ̻󡯣̫ʱ֮Уǿġħ֮һͷѹŴͷ֮־Ŵħ̻󡯷ӡڴˣܾĥڴ
ܾĥ
ۣȴüоӡ֮ˣΪ̻ǿߣôǿаĴڣͷ˲п᷽ӡ֮С
壿塭
濴̻֣ٿ֣ɵþʱ˵塣
ɿˣǰҸ˵壬ԶʱڣΪǿ壬ʵҲ壬ǵȱ
Ȼ壬ΪҪ˶Ը̻󣿡ܲףкǷѽ⡣
ɿƬ̣ŵĹȥǽɣҴӹżҲֻֻƬż϶ûмأ֪ǶģԶѾû䣬ʱ壬ΪΣͲö֪ɻҲ֪Щܣ
ˡ塢ħ塢塢塢ޡ޹֡Ӵ˭֪ȥ飿ͨҡҡͷ̾Ϣ
˳Ĭţ̻󱻷ӡ³ԻعǷ񣬶ĺޣǿ֣̻ӡܾĥ
Ȼſò̻󣺡ΪҴ̻ǿϣоһʵϤϢ
ϤϢٴδ̻ϴӡסϢӡ֮͸̳֮УʵǱ̳룬̻ϵݽ߶
̻ڣǧٿףҲ֪ܶĥԿһ˿˿ߣӹӴƤ
ͻȻ˵һ䣬𺳵Ļƺƺ̻ʬ֮Уз
ǣ
ɿҲΪ֮̾Ȼһͷ·ߣҲΪҲдͬЩɻҲ·ǣ
ϴצ̻Щӣڻʬ徻ӡ֮ҲҪΪҽϻӵǹ֮У͸ǿϢǷǵԭ򣡡øӦ̻ʬ֮и෢֡
һҲͷŸӦӦ̻ڿ̻ò
ʱ̻Ƥɾ̦ơڣҲˣѾΪһ߸ʬѾȥģɿһˣҲӡ
оĺ̻˫ȫȻţͷܸо֮ǰôԸ⣬ϧ۾Ŵǿߵ־ͷҲ޷
ͻȻһϴ˵ϤϢ֮ǰҲúʵҾøʵаϢ̫ǿң뵽һˣ̻Ϣǳƣһģ
ĳˣ
Ӧ̻Ƥ˿ͫף֮ͫе˫ۣҲѾʧʣºڶͫס
Ӧ̻Ƥ֮ڣӦʵϢһϤаϢȻӿһ̵ĸоЩָоʶ
ϤԺ·ĳӰֲ䰴סӡ
͵̧ͷˣаϢ뵱ƷɼǸа񸴻ѪϢһ˸֮ѩҲߣҼǵ˵֣죡
ԣֲôϤ죬Ǹŷѩһڷ֣£˵Ҳ壡
ҲȻҲ𺳣뵽귲죺ϴ飬ղа㣬ڴ󸴻֮󣬾ûȥԸϴ󣬻գǰӡǿߣҲ̣ǲ壬Īǻһˣ
˵ķǳпܡ
죡
̻
뵱ƷһĻĻܸоаʿ䲻ħҲˡ
ټ죬ѩңʱѾһͨˣһǿߣҲδǵˡ
ٿǰӡ̻֮󣬹ֲϢϤԭϢһֶ壬ϻһǲһˣѪϵĴڡ
þ֮ƽһЩڷ죬ɽ̻ƺĳڤڤ֮еϵ
ϴִ̻ʬڣоٷͨϢֻǿĲྭ̺ԣⲻͨˣɻʾͷڣҲûôԣ֮һûУ滹ͷŲӦ̻ʬ塣
Ӧһ֣ҲһϤһĻ


2026 й
̻ڵȷûжٷͨϢֻҪˣ֮ʬٻ·̻ͨڿһͨˣϢʥҲȲϡ
̻һͷûз
죬ҲûжٷֻаϢ뷽ѩǰҲûһ˿һͨˣУ㻹ǵǴȥıһѪˣ̫ǿˣϢʱҲ÷ǳϤ
ҼǵǸѪˣʵޱǿѾʶɻǸѪҲɻʱɽһֱۣǲӳᵽҲǸѪϢƺҲ졢̻ЩƣƺҲûз
ʱҾ;֣Ǿ㿳ֱۣʵҲȫ׷ǣڻı׷ɱҵȣûУںõٱԴʱһûϢһΪò̫ܣһڷ磬һɽ磬˿̫֮ҲıǸֱ۵ѪˣҲһӡ
໥ѣͨ顣
һйأǷ죬ɽıǸѪˣֻǰ̻̫ƣȻ֮ܿĳֹ
ּӦ̻ʬѪⶼˣֻʣ¼ٸɰͰ͵ľڹ֮ϡ
֮лżٷϢ֮ӴÿֲҲΪ
Ϊ̻һͷڲҲһʥɣ֪̻ʬڵô磿
ŸӦһ̻ʬʮʥʿλǿࡣ
ɲ򵥣Ȼֻɵȼ
̻ʬȻɸ߶ȡ
ӡ꣬롢϶پ֮󣬻ܲôô̻ŵʱ򣬶ôǿ
ʱһɣһɻʾͷܣӡô꣬£˿ֲֻų̻ʵӦóԽɻʣɻʣĵ
ΪиݵģôǿΪǳԽɿ£ߴ޴Ӳ֪ľͷһӡ̻һ֤̻ɻʣĵ
һ̻̿ʬڲô̻йһַǣΪӲ̺ͨɢȥ÷ӡȥ룡
ɿ鿴һͷȷǷǣֲ˲һԶžͷǿߣȫΪǣôʵͳˣ֮ͥд䣬ҲԴﵽ˳̶ȣˣٿǿ鷨رҫۣϢرǿǾΪķǣ֮ǰҮɼ۷ǲ࣡
Ҳˣ˾˷ǣȻ̺̻Ҳǿ鷨ǵĴڡ
ɲ֪ΪΣûһ˿뷨ȥռзǣӷ֮Լ̻ǰͨͨҲû뷨
ƺԺ֮вԪϢһϢ
Ӧ̻ϢΪ壬죬лıǸѪ˷ǳ档
ЩΪ̫Խ͵ܣ
̻Ժ֮УֻʣͷǵԺնģһЩͷ֮л̺һ˿˿ԪϢ˵ǻһ˿΢
ô꣬Ϣ
ĬãȻ߶ǧʱùĵ·գ̻Ԫ
̻ϢںϣҲܿһĶ
ĵ²̻նԺ֣ģΧȻĵںϡ
ں֮ͻȻһӰһʮͷİӣƮƮٶӢӲʣ·һ̶ɡ
̻
̻ģ
ǲƭ˵ģո̻òԽʵ
ΧԪҲڹ֮£Ӱںϣһ̻·ǰ
Ϊǣ̻ԪںϵӰȻ۴档
̻˵ĺᣬϧڷӡ֮Уʱ㿴ңֻ֮ǰĲˣҲǲȱģһѣͻܿµʧ
һ벻̻ʬ֮УϢ־ӰҲû뵽ܼǰʶ
ֻʣһƤңƤҲᱻɣһ㻯ʧ۾Ŵͷ̻֮ǿҲղǶ֣ˣҴϣӦϢҲӦһʶӦ½ߣҲĺᣬɽĺᣬǿеɽԭס񡣡
ȷǷߣ½ɽ磡
ҶͬͬԴҲԷ磬ҲǾУ̤򣬻֮Уޱȷ´󲿷ֶܿܿڷķˣκ嶼Į塣


2027 ˻̻
壿壬ҼǵرԭŮҲ塭
ʱѾǸʱңԶ̫ţ̫Ż𣿡
̫ţֻţԶʱĴڣ
ô˵̫Ѿˣ̫ѾʧԶʱУ̻ҲԶʱʿ
̫ų٣̫ʲô
̫ʲôžԶʥأҲ׷ʥأ̫ŶʧˣʶȴܴʱգԶţˣ㾿ӵкεƤ֮еǱʶѣ
ֻһͨʿǰԣǴ½ɽķߡ
һΪ֪˭֪壬֪̫ţ֪壬Ҳ˽ħ壡
ֻǺ棬Ϊӵ˴Ҫӡĥǰ
ΪΪǿ˻ʣ˻֮УǿţĴ˻֮һһͳߣ徫Ӣ塢塢ħΪǿ壬Ҳ壬ҲΪˣӭ֣֮Ĵ˻Ӧö˰ɣ
Ĵ˻ʣڷ磬һλϢǰһԳ죡
죡
Ϣ̻󣬱ֻԶǸʱһʶͻȻһ𣺡ֻŰû
ֵ𺳣Ϣ֮ʵǹȻʶҲŴϣоһϢ
̫ʱڣ˭ʶĴ˻ʣҲ˻֮һλۣ֮塢ϱܵӣû𣿡
Ҳ˻ʣǰƺܵˣһֱ½һɼʱ֮УҲżȻȥ֤Ѫ״̬֪죬׷ӦҲ̤ɽ磬ĳʱ֮У
Ǿ˵û̫ˣĴ˻ʣΪڴս֮Уˣû뵽һ˻ţֻҪţ帴˾ϣ塢ıȻңһʶ֮ǰֵܵ䣬㹻ˣ㹻ˣ
֪ǵĹ£Ĺ£ǰ塢ıȵȣ
ˡ
ʣȻȴ̻ҡͷ㻹̫ᣬ㻹̫СǴһ죬֪̫෴棬Ȼʾ֮ҲҪΪ³Ϊǿߣڲ֪ʵ磬ûʸ֪Ϊ㻹̫С˵Ķ𣿡
̻ķ񶨣Ǵ򶨶ЦҵȷСģʮΪǿߣֻҪ꣬ǧ׷ǣ
ᣬһкܶɻֻʱδʱ䵽ˣ˵ʵʶҲ㹻ʱ֪֪һУˣӵ۵Ҳߵһͬʱӵ
ǰ۸
ҴδܵõߣϣʶĿܺúУǿʥۣҵһǿߣܵõķǣܵõͨҲóȫ㣬ʶ֮㽫ҵķǴ߰ɣںҲӵ
ǰķǾﳤ߰ɣὫӡ飬úðڴˡ
㲻ҪҵĴУ
ǲҪҲӵǰǰ֮ǰ˵һжÿԼȥ࣬һ̤ʵأΪǿߣʱ֤˿
С⴦̫ʱڣ̫ų٣¹ȥ򱶣Ҳ㲻ܴĴڣȴģҾ͵𻯣ˣʶʶ㾿ж಻ڶԻ֮סټ죬ǵøҴһ仰
뽲
Լˣ
Լˣ
Ȼһ仰üǣ벻ףʲô˼
ϧʸףǰ˻̻󲻼ˡ
æӦΧնͷ磬Ӧ̻Ԫʧ
̻Ҫ
Ѿˣ緽¶誵ķˣ𻹻ţ̻ãսᣬֻʣһʶţֻһ˿䡣
˻ǰ
һӣûһ˿Ӧ̻ʶѾ޷ĵز
ϧ滹й壬塢塢ħ̫ɻû
źٴ̻ʬ壬Ƿǣһ鷨ǣȻǳ
һ˻ʣǱȻûһ˼ʶ뿪̻ڡ
ʶع֮ͨȥѰұı̻ʬ壬·ʯ̳
ҪһĹǰͿŰɣ
ͨɿ𽥼뿪̻ʬ壬ʯ
鿴һʯҲ֪Ǻξͷʯ࣬ôȥʯϵҲࡣ
ɿˣŸʯǷӡ֮Դһ飬󲿷ֻʧ
ݣ
ɽͻȻ֣
Ưһ˫ĿŷӡɲǼ䶶ַһɽȻնϡ


2028 ޲Ĺ
ѣǣͻأһЩԣΪٶȼӿһЩ
Ȼӡ⴦ռ䣬Դ
ͨڸԭزӡնϣɽ˱֣ɻʣҲܳһһնɻʣ
ڣ
һʯϵɽնϡ
նʱһϤ̻˹ɽֲãֲá
ǰҲ֪ɽٴ̻ǳ
̻̾ɽȻ֪ǳϤһѣԢֻأȻһھȻУⰡⰡ
ǸطĪˮ֮أ
һɣ֪ˮ֮أ
ҲģϾһЩżٶϹš̫һЩأֻ˵ȴ֪ˮ֮ؾʲôط
֪ģɽʱʱһȥˮ֮أɽУЩϧֱҲҪµĳҪȥںϣˣĻҲŲɣ帴˵ϣҲ쵱ҲⷽǱڵŻ壬ˣʵ㱾ĺᣬؼҰˣˣл㣬Ŀڿ԰
ʱ̻Īļ
˵֮˲ʧ
꣡
ӡ룬̳֮ϣ̻ʬ徹Ȼ˲һƤͷ˲ʣһηǣԼԼںڰ֮УͷŰ߰صѪ⡣
ˣ
һ̣˶֪˻̻ʶ
Ĭãһֱ滹ʵŵԣʩչɽһնϡ
ȫն֮󣬼֮ܵһɽŸӡʯնϣɿ롣
ˣ㿴ܣƺΪӡ仯ɫҲһˣ̰ͨһܡ
ܣ
԰ǺöȡߵĻǺñ
ǰϸһƣֿϢԽСǵɿ󽫷ӡʯԶһЩϢ
Īǿӡһ𣬷зܽͣΪ֮ǰǽûеһʱɱ̤ʯ򣬾Ŵܲ
ܻȻǲ֮ˣӵвֶΣÿڴ֮С
˽ֻҪӡ֮У޷ִ֮һ̰õ汦ŴܻὫɻʶնɱ
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ĻߣɲֻֽʵۣҲɽһ۹ףһЩܣʵ޷
ͨʧֲᣬԸҪܣҲҪ¶誱𣺡ǿϧˣ˺ñܵõҲԻɱҲÿܶԸӣСͼ
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ʯ̳֮ǰʯϷӿ룬Ҳзӡ·Ϸϰ̻ʬ徫
󱻴ݻ٣ûдʯ̳һ̶ˮû߶ͲܿԼ̻ʬ
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¶ͷɻʸ߶ɻɲ桢ͨɿоԪһֻΪ̳в
ɻ
·¶ֻɻһΪҲɾɻʣƳɽǷȸ߲㣬ڷȫƿҮɼҮʴ͡ӡͨߡ
֮ǰԾͷĿ⣬桢ͨǻᣬôҲ뵽ԼҲһ졣
ɻʣ
¶ѪۣϷʯ˼ӲһлΪҺ
ɽȸʯͷѰʲôȥ
桭
Զ·ʲôûУʵһΪһȭͷСʯͷ
ĶвӦҲԷ֡
֮УȫָƣԼһŮӣҲˡ
ƯҲڻָϷ鿴ɽȳӸһһ
ԭˣɱĶӣȻûߣȻš


2029 極Ŀ
ҲǣûҪβĶӣ֮£ǿ֣ܶȻˣԸ桢ͨҲ⣬ֻҪԿܣ棿
ҾͲǲ·һоҾЩ۲죬ܲ뿪·ӡռ䣬Ӧȥط鿴䣡
楴żɵ֮ɫչϴ߶
ŮӶԴʯɳԨϷ
һ̻Ϊһʯ飬ŷɳɽȡ
ܿʹһѷȥʯɵķӡʯ֮⣬һ룬ƶʯ֮С
Ƿ¶ϢոﲻʮϢ˫üһΪǰʯڿӣӦ¶誵Ϣ
۾ͷŸӦӶԶʯڣ¶ûնɱ𷴶ûбɱ
Ǵ߶һ߽ɵȻɱ¶誱𣬿Ʒ¶誱𣬾͵ڿһɻʣһɻʿܣֺ˵ã
棬̫ӴˣʱɱϣնɱӣͲ־棬һһ죬ܵõӵƺ«һɿ󣬶һﵱ⼸˻Ǳ
ԣֶѱգֻҪ취ƺ«񣬻зֻɿֻһָѹ棬ɱʧܣǶ治˽⣬һ͸ֻҪѡһʱǲҲѷɳģ
ʦһʦնɱ棬úóڶҵȿɻʣӵеʣߣȻһгԵ˴ʦ㣬ǽȻͥǣ
ӷ¶誴ͥȴݳϢһ̣𶯣屦ϵ̫ɳ֧Ԯ¶誶屦ʱȻܴæȥǻִ֮Уø߲֪ʧܣԺ㣿ǾͲͥѰʱ׷ɱ棬һɣƺ«Ƭѡһ
棿
ƺ«Ƭѡһ
۲ʧأûƱʦܾҪƬ
ףãɿǼƬ͸㣡
ʦ㣬ǻҪص֣ͥΪβͶɱ֣Ǹã⡣
߻˼ɫ˪һ㸲һ㣺ˣ˵ɱɾϣǶֿ棬о԰նһ֣ȻָΪƻָ߰˰ˣѰһɱҵõܣҺ֣ܾȻ֣һõܣʵδָ۷Ͷ֣Ҷв
֨
ᵽܣ۾һͨˣֻܸɰͰĥۡ
ಣ
ǰͻȻ
˴Ӷ⿴ȥÿӰɳ桢ͨԼѹķ¶誡
ɱգڳˣܣ
ȻڣҲҲǲûԶߣǲ֣ܶǷ¶ˣĿǹ׼żˣֹͣУϢ붴ںϡ
桢ͨ¶課δϷߡ
ͨԷ¶ɻʯ޲
¶ʵͷɻƷʯΪջΪҺ壬ʯںϡ
ֶͨ˵ˣһǰķǣڴĹ֮УҲԶﳤߣ뿪һ̣ٽ񣡡
طҲʺϳߣֻҪû˴ǰɣˣ΢΢ס
ǣʦ㣡
ȻǶԻԱԶۡһŤ𺳡
澹Ȼзǣ
ҲΪ֮񣺡ǿϺö˭ܵõǣܵõǰ˵ͨԼһִɻķǣҲϺñ֮ӡ̫̫أôǸӲҲԽɻʣҵõǣͻɻʣ̤һ߶ȵĪԵ
ಣ
ã¶誾ɻ֮޲ãȥΧʯڲͬ˴ʱһϷʯȥ
ȫûзƶڰ
һһâ楡۴Ǳӣն֣һ̤ʯǰ
ʦ㿴ҵģ
ץһɽſͷŽߣ¶ǵʵ޲⴦ж
䣡
ֻһ۾ͽոշӡõĿٴλ顣
ǰܵõһһ̤ڲۼæϤӡռΧ
һһգ⿴Χ֣Ϊοռ룿
Ҳνࣺȷ죬֮ǰֻӵдʥϢӵ
ѵйأȷĳȻȡؾռ
ܵ楻ЩӦ
ĥһӣ۽
ҲӡɴŽšſŵʯʯ̳֮ϣһ޴ʯסŸʯ


2030 Ǳ
ٿŸʯϷڷһӨʯɵĹײģɶ೤ʮ׳ۣײĴϷͷŲ㾧⣬ڲڰܼȥ֮⡣
˿޴ײģٿ·ŸʯΪηӡһ˾˱仯йء
ͻȻײʦ㣬㿴ǿھ޹֮УȻһͷųѪ⣬λ׸ΪԵ
ƹײ֮еĹᵽǾ߷ǣû뵽һ飬һߣɻ䣬ֻһ鷨ǣӡ֮صˣȻΪǣ楼Ǿ෨ǣԱ
ಣ
˸ոտĹͻȻӾŵʯ֮УһӰ
ܣ
۷·ŵϽˡ
˲ͷŵ۽ױףɽſܾдնɱĲܡ
ܾȻûнȡȫûϵһǿܣ
ӡ֮ǰӡȫƻΪӡ֮ؽһĹûƷܣܶӡ
۲źǱʶΪȻԶӡôһȡܡ
أ
վһ뵽֮ǰ㱻նɱڻ궼ŵôܳ
ֻ飺ܻػ߱ӡ֮ˣʦ㣬߰ɣһ棬ǲǶ֣
ҲڴùģΪ֮ܳʣѾʶ˼
ĵǾ߷˾ˣںϣõܵﱻӡ֮ǰֶ޼֮ƺ«ҲȲһ߷ǣɵһ
ȴŵѺ޲Ͽ
Ȼ楲Ŀ⣬ϲȡӡһģ¶ĥҲǣܻüܣӡ󲻼ˣռŷӡںΪһ壬ȻҲ
⡢޷ȷǲðգ붼û룬ð仰뿪
˵֮˼
ڵȴ֮Уʼֻð麹Ǵ亹ðĶ챻Ϳգ׹޾Ԩ
ʮϢͻȻ߶ɽ۽ױҲͷױƣ֮ǰһɻֻͷʥȴͷɾϢ
極˫ͫӿƣ·⻪ۣԾ֪ˣҲľ˻ᣬǴֽɽ磬Ѿʮˣ֮ǰǻͻٶȺܾˣ̤ɻ֮һ궼ͻһݣѾûͻƣòǹԶᱻɻ֮С
ǰǴӴӴ̤ɣѾܲף̤ɻʣ嵽꣬ͻκһݣ죬Ҫͻֻ߲ϴ裬Ǵϱҩҩпͻһݣû۾Ȼˣ򶨡
Դᣬֻѹ棬õбٽ屦ȥõ߲νʹͣҲпͻƿƻ˳ҵðյõǣ;ԸٳֱʣⱲҪͻһݣݳޣ
Ҿʦƴˣ
Ҳ룬ȸıӡ󣬲Ҳһԣ
ɲǣֻͷһθܡ
ûеȣڵ楿
Ĺ֮»ɾ룬̤¡һͻȻһ

楴̳ɽһƿٻн⣬һٶȲֻ࣬ǿ΢΢һЩ֮ǰԽ
ۣ
ѪûбɣҲû˺һݾϲУ˵ˣȻҲ٣ߣе۽ױףвҵ
ʦ㣬һ֮Ҳ֮䣬಻̫ԣȻҲ֪ǿԵʡ
ɱɽվʹһܡ

ܲмɽһƽһɽҲûһۡ
ֻԶҽ
ǽɻʲΪסܣ˺Ըܣγ֮ơ
һʱ楡۵ĲᣬҲʮ־ˣͬҲǾ˵ģüĽӡѾơٶҲû֮ǰ㾪ˡ
˫ڼţֱܽӡҪʧһ̣ȫ߶ɽһնɱпͷ
ܺȻӦòǱɽģĴ޷סɻʵһ
ڳɹˣ۳Ҳ£۽ǡǿ׽Ѫ
ɵҩȫ԰ɫ񻼴ƵģأϢһ΢΢仯
ʦ㣬пģǹڷӡ֮⴦󣡡һЩָҲ첻٣ΧѰţͻȻַ̳Եġ
˿֮󣬽𺳡
þ֮󣬲ż楷·γѣ̾Ϣ˻ʰĴ˻ǿϹŴ֮еĴڣû뵽ﱻӡ֮ˣȻĴ˻֮һ


2031 
Ҳţ˻ʴԶǿߵţȻ֪˻ʾǿ󣬵ɽ繫ȻǿߣȻɻǧ򱶣ֲܱ˷ӡӡҲֻоͷʸ񣡡
ǰƪżܾഫ˵Ƕǲʵģ̫ңԶû뵽Ȼһ֮еǷӦҲͨǣǳԽǵĴڣпǵǣڵʥǰ
Ҳ޷һ˷ա
޹ǰָ·룬·Ϣȡ˻̻ķǣ㣬ΪԽüݣƻָ֮ȫͻһ磡
лʦ컯֮Ժʦʦհһ磬۲飬æͷ
޹һ࣬ͷŸӦӦ˻̻ĵǣԼֲ
˻ʰŷ˶ᣬҲĺᣬ͸컯㳤ߣҵõδһΪһͳ壬壡
һ̣ץɽݵһն
꣡
޹׼һɶ棬ɽпһʯ׹¡
楼æһСпʯףЩʯʯ׹µ棬ͷǿʢԼâǲͨʯ
Ӵ楲һˣ쿪ʼӵ˻ѪѾӵе֮ѪӵгΪǱ
޹пһ룬楿ʼ˻̻ķǣڡ
ҵ컯˻ֻѪſںϷǣ׼Ĵ컯
ᣬȡ˻̻ķǡ
棬ĳһʱգ֮ǰȺǴʯ֮⡣
һʯ֮Уڻʱһɽȣһ桢ͨУѪ
ΪΡ
ˡָ֮е棬ۻ̧ͷ
ƺոһɱϢͻȻӰ˷ʱճ֣ȴһӲˣ
һֵĸӦ滹Щ
æʩչǧʱ벶׽ղǹɸо
߶ĵ£ȴûκη֣棬ǱΧӦ˷ȴҲûз֡
ѵҵĴɣһ̣پĳϢڸղʵֹ
ϧ޷ȷʲôϢ
ˣҵûиӦ楡Ϣ뿪ƬʱգҸطˣ
屦Ǹ֪ƺ«С񣬻ϵƬػ챦һŹǣ壬绹ɳǿߣ
У
楡۵ȷǴУʵ̫죬ɻʰ˵ɻʣɣǼ˶ԶԶԸĴڡ
ɻʶϣȻûкӹʱΧӦҲһĵǼ¶誷ֲ˵ʿӵдﲢ١
ѹ¶誣ƸžʣºһǿУû뵽ֶУ楡۶šһδƽһоɵС
ˣʬ岢࣬㹻һʱ䣬ЩʱǾҪɱ
ȥͨ״̬£óѪɡ
Լƻָ룬;뿪Ԩȥʱգӻͥ
·Ԩڴ
˷֣ѵϢڸԶǱ楡ۣӦͬ飡
֣Ϸ¶誷伸ˣӦþʣ˻š
ΪԮ֣ǡ
Ӧ֮ǰߴһֹͬģӦԨΧ֧Ԯ
һɣһɻΪϧûиӦͨϢ˳Ԩɳ
ʱգ
ޱߣӳһ̣δоʱԭҲ׳ۣϢϽͥǷȥ

ٽɽ
桢ͨò״ӷ籩̤ͥԵͼһϤΡɽ˷ɽȥ
ͥϴƵٽɽ
ֻҪٽɽ˵Ѿ߽ͥ硣
ֻһ깦̤ͥ;𽥸оһЩħʿϢҲһЩħ֡
ѡһϿȣͨϢˣҪʮꡣ
桢ɿϿΧǱҲԴںϷ
ϿǾͨôʯ취̳룬濪ʼ
ӵҩ˲ιʬȱ⣬ԴĿǰ㹻á
ͨħͷųħ
ôħ״΢΢¶誵ϢͨϢһȻͨ뷽¶˫ޡ
һһɻ˫ޣͨҪõĺô
ڻָΪҲ̤һ۷壬ҪͻƣҪһʱ䣬ʥʮ
ಣ
Ӱħ׷ɳͨ¶誡
¶誾ʵͨԱߣСèճ


2032 ԭ
ˣ뷽¶˫ޣɻ֮Ϊϴ裬ٺ٣Ѿ̤۷壬Ҫͻư죡
ֲóħ˫ޣӲɡ
ԭͨҪͻ죬̤ɰ졣
˳̤ɰ죬һݾǾ죬ӶɾͨͲһ롣
뷽¶뿪һΪͨͬʱҲල¶誣ŮҪƴǿвͨ
쵽浹ͨɽʲôʧӴͳͬʿ
¶誣
ʯϣ¶һվţʱΡȻһȣǲΪǴص±ԭܣ
⡢ǣˣƷ¶誻ЩԸ⣬Ͼõɲøˡ
ƫƫʵݲֻʵ
ó΢΢ס
ͷâڽͷųһ֣֪¶桢ͨѹ͸ϽͷҲС档
ˣͷҲòڸЦ֮ǰ桢ͨͬһǱ¶ѹߣɽħ䣬ԼǱ¶ѹ桢ͨȴԼ˵ˡ
һɨˣ˶ʵȴǳ뷽¶誶õԭܣǣҲõΪǴԭǰȥͱŻлõֻʵԺƽԭܣ˵ôǣǲʵҿԿԪܣ˵ҲգǾû˼ʶĿܣ仰˵Ǿһ߻ˣӦñҶ࣡
ҽҽŵóͷ
ٿ¶誣أ
Ҳʵⲻ֪¶һ־壬նɱ楡۶г˴
ܲ
ЦǴԭȥʱвͥǿߣԼǿڱԭ֮ѰдҲиֹһҲ㱻УΪԭ⻷ԵʣȻγɲٷʱգһԷֱ淽򣡡
ţ˵꣬ϹȥԭԭЩһʱգԭⷴγһȻռ䣬ǱԭһϴǴ̫£ϵһЩҧһɻʣɻʶᱻ˲ͱ
ЩɻʣԼɸ֣Խԭش̫ãںһγɸӡ˵ĿֲУױֹǿϮһ̷¶Ҳʵ˵
˵˵ǵķ֣ž޲˵
ڷ¶֮ǰʵ˵Ǳͷɻʼ˫ͷ׷ɱⱻһ֮УȥžãӦǸ󣬾¶誣мǿߣҼ󣬾Ǽһʯϧ̫Զ޷̫壬ǿһ֣һͬʯɱ֪ΪǴ󣬻ΪΣͻȻһֵõʯȴûӳűʯһѷ֮У֪Ӧˡ
˵ĿɶԣǸֿ֣¶誡
¶課ӣҲ׻ش𣺡һûдɻʵ޷ʯƴ߶ڱ֮ʣǿ߸պŴңõʯϧˣͱ֮Уĳ֮УǳԽȥʵ޷У󷨱仯Ī⣬Ҳ޷ȷһ󣡡
ʯһ֡ǸһŮӵĪǾʯ֮УǸΪŮӲɣ
ںڱԭԼһУ·ѾһЩܡ
˼ʱڣ¶誴ҳ£˶ɻһΪǱıԵ
£ɥȮһǱ
ãʣǶɻʣɻʶ޷ԭƽЩ󣿡
ͻȻΪƿأ֪ĲǴ̫;һЩɻʣڱ޷ȥɻʣȴ඼ǸոսɻʣɻһΪΪɻͻ̫ѣ̫ѣҶɻһ꣬ûͻƣЩɻʲòƽԭѰȡԵ
Ǻúˣָ۷ʵϵԴҾͲǿȡԺһȥأֻҪǶ̤̤ʵʵΪЧҲɻʣǶҿӵôһĨЦݣ˵˳ױ
ǿɻʣȻһɳЧ
¶誡ȥζӳ£Ҳڸټָơ
ͨü칦򣬾ʹӴ̤죬˸ǿ󣬵棬ȻѪֱӻΪƳ棬ֹƳΪֲŴӹźħħʬ


2033 ɶ
ͨΪʵܻɱһ죬죬ʩչĻԸӦⲻ
Ҫͻһ磬ʬѾľûʬԴҲڼʱһ۷塣
²֮ڴ֮гһ۷壬䣬ԼΪ֮𺳣һÿһ羧ʯɣҲˣڼ˺֡
ҲԶʥ󣬵۸࣬ҵ֮Ҳ̲طͨ߷
ɫڽ֮УںϣԺ۵ķǣҲ滺ںϡ
ɻ̲ס۷ںȻȳɫҪһЩĪ۷ǳɫۻŵʱʵжôֲȻѹ˻̻Ҳһǿ
гɫԼϲԴʬҲܲǿ󣡡
ǶԸӣСҲҪ楡ǰǿߣԸӣȵȡ
ź쳾ھţΪӦò۷壬ɻʣпһɻʣأ伸ܸ꣬ֶβɣ
ŸǻᣬʵѾɣҲ۷壬ɻȻ֣ʱͬգⷽз¶誡ɻʣɻһ죬ʵָ۷壬ҲɻʵԸʵδָ۷ĺӣӦ߳ѹĿܣ
·ת֮ǰζԸӣ֪ηһУⷬѹһɻʣҾɻʿܶԸӣڴ֮ǰҪ÷¶誡ʵָ۷壡
˼룬ڳһ۷ʱ̣ƻζԸӣȳ
зԸͨúóԴ¶誡ָʵ
֪ͨҪɻʶԸӣҲʹɻʿܣ֮ǰ̫潣ǿʮֹ㹻ʰһӡ
ûãٴϿƼҪͻˡ
ҵùϢͷųȥúЩȻ׷ɱǣ֪һжǸ塭
һЩĨȥϢɢ˷֮С
ȻҲкܴյģӲŸãǾͷֻһֻ˵ޡ
Ϣ楡۸оӣвͷֻۣܶһѣǶ楡ۻʱĳطˡ
꣡
ٲγɣǵصͷ׵籩
ˣֻǴӴһ죬ͻƶˣǽͻƣֲһ󾳽ͻƣ
Ϊٽ٣ûУΪλд֣
֮ǰû֣ԽǾ÷ͬѰ
ž
һ̿ʼ飬ﵽһ۷壬ڿʼ顣
Ϸ٣ֻɿ
ɿŻӦˣ㻹ڴһ죬ѾֲֿζԺӴͻɣٻ쳣ֲΨͲźϺ
Ҳ˵Ժͻһ̣ɴٻκδٶҪֲ
ǰں٣ýЩ֣һ죬Ȼγ˿´󣬷·һ֣ڴһ죬ͻɴ٣Ҳ̫˼
죬𵤡˲ءزءؼ󲿷ֶ飬֮Ž֮ӿֻо챻ڻںϡ
ʹ˲ʧڽ״̬֮УɸԴɶ죬ٶҲõ
󣬽
ɶ죡
𵤡һ䣬âѪԡâϢڽ֯ţΪͻƶ죬ɫٶҲһЩһöɲӲ
ղͻƣ⽫Ϣͷųȥ֪ӾܸܲӦź쳾ǿ̫һľڶͥ͵õ߲Ӵ˵ŮͨģʱʱͷһЩϢϹ
״̬ʵһ¡
ִ߶Ƹ«ռ䣬ʩչöɲɲǻΪٶѪܷգѪʼŹںϷͨ
ӣһֱڶ㣬οԸ㣬楡ۣһЩ߸ϵɻʣ֪ҵ
ͻȻһѪ˫ͫһ˿·ĳһ־ͨ
һҲһ㣬һԵƷ
ɫ۷ǺܿѪ֣ͷѪںš
öɲճɫ֮ǻ棬·߽λɶںϣַ࣬һϼڽ֮Уֶ˲ƻ˵ķߡ
Щ߾ҲԿƣַ࣬޷ƣȫ߶ַ࣬߻ơ


2034 ɳ
Ų뷨ںϣӳַ࣬Щ涼ÿֲַǵۣô֮ЩߣӦĳִ֮һǲ֪εʩչԴɶ죬÷նɱ߽λɣ
ͨöɲַĿǰҪƿصĴͨöɲԽǿʩչͨͨԴʿǿ̶ȣ
ԴɶûʬѪгɫ˲ι߼ҩǣҲ㹻ǿ
Լȥɶ״̬ʼ£ֻҪʱ䣬ܹǿ
񣬳ΪߣһΪߣҪͥ컯ɽ磬Ƶͥȥ컯ɽ磬ҲҪǳ˵ʱ䣬³СǶΪҪ楡壬ǿȥ
ֹͣ÷¶誡صͨڣͨͥԶʱգ楡
ˣҪʼִж񣿡
ããԴٶȸ·ɿţڶһЩܡ
ɿóϴδͥͨһһݣ֮óͨĶ
붷Ưٶȷɿ˽ܣֵ֣Ѿִ񣬳ɹΪߵţ컯ɽΪ˷ɽ緢ŶһⷨͥõЩͻͥڰħǿ߳ûص㣬λãϱʿֻҪϴȥִ񼴿ɡһ񣬾ͽնɱĿҲħǿѪԼʿԼעУȻӡɣɱĿʬ壬ȥͥ濼˼ɣͨ˾ѴͥԴʹȥһɽ硣
ԭˡ
ͨ󣬼æóǷ
߶ϷȻͥ꣬κһʹһԺڰĺڰǿߡ
û뵽ͥȻ֮Уڰǿߡ
Ժڰǿߣ֮ͥͬУ֮ϣҲɹҲмڰǿ꣬Ƶֻ̫潣ڰϵ
ͥ󲿷ħΪħⷽǿħȻвٺڰǿǱⷽ
ȻĿǰڷλ鿴ꡣ
֮Ϸ¼ĺڰǿߣͥɿ棬κһɽֻһɽĺڰǿߣϷͥͥЩɽڰʿꡣ
ɽ
֮Уͥⷽڰʿû֮ô࣬һ꣬ⷽ벻Զ
ɽҲǧкЩħɽһλڼħյء
統ɹ̫潣ŵǧɽƣӵͼϸĥһᣬ֪ɽʮħֻʵɹǿʮࡣ
ִ⴦󷽿ΪϸϸʿɽִһħѨնɱͨڰʿ񣬱ɱһͳϵǿߣϸ
ͳ죿
һ죬ΪϵֻնɱԺڰʿ
ȻʱϸĹʶΪγΪߵʿԭ
ü˼֮ǰЩڰǿߣСͳ졢ͳǸͳ죬ʵҲɡɲ࣬ʱؽ̫潣ˮţΪǿߣԸˮźڰǿҲˣȻͳ켶ĺڰǿߣʵɻ£ٳɣʴһͳ죬̫潣ͨ䣬ʵҪǿһ֣
ͨһ಻мˣڲ£з¶誡ɻǿߣǻԸһڰͳ죿պÿԴնɱڰǿߣҿħܣ
ͥټħΪĺڰǿ߲ͨɫĿǰʿϷ¶ˣԸͳ켶ħͷȷЩգ
ɽնɱڰǿߣƿܣħϴμʶ۷⻯ãҲħܡ
⻯Ǻ棬ҪܲףѪֻ࣬Ƿ⻯ӵ־ͨںϣҪзܴﵽָ߶ȣ
û뵽ͨ뵽۵ķ⻯ǵȷһŴͨҲһֶΡ
浹̫ʱ䣬дѪѪֻҪúãȲϷ⻯Ҳȥ
ã˾ɽ
𽥽;ʼһЩħʿԼһЩ
һ£˿ɽǰһΪϻħڡĶ


2035 
ͨҲڹעǰħʱ洫ˣ֪ϻħڣ
Ԫͨ£ͷţսսϻħҽӴܶΣ滹һҹϵϻħʵ˵ǶѾһ಻̫󣬹ؼħŹϵܲⷽϻħҲһɽҲȥǾ޴յŴħħǿߣڲһЩҲħΪһٵħ
Σգͨ׽š
ˣȻΣգɽȥҲ䣬ֻһЩɣԼɻʲѰɽ֮Уһ֡ʬʥʯħʿı
ʬʥʯʲô
ɽ֮УЩɲһ㣬ħһʿУմȾͻʿκƣʿͻ֮У걻ʬԸͻպڲð֮еʬ壬Ϊһʯͷеʬ廹δγʯͷǾʯ̥ʬԺڰʿԸζ
ԭˣ˵ɽ棬ʬ帯ãʬγⱦʯ
桢ͨˡ
ǿǺöʬ󣬲ḯãΪγɱʯ϶Ǻö
ʬ屾֮еʬӵĳַԣʬʥʯ˲ιơ
ͻȻ˵ֻǱ棬ˣɽ֮УʬʥʯѴ󲿷֣ħץʿʿγɺʬʥʯ
ЩУҲ̫ײЩ
Ҳû취£ʬʥʯȻγһߣʮʱ䣬ɮٰȻʬʥʯ޾ħǿ߳ԣúƺʬʥʯɹúϻħЩ̣ʿʬƺʬʥʯǲúʬʥʯúֲ˲
˲𣿡
ϻħֲʮֻ꣬ǳڣѾǧԻꡢʮ˲ι˲ιһ㶼оǿأЩ˲κһţԱħǿأͥ˷ʿɢޣɽϻħЩħ˲ι˵֮ͥ˲ιǳɽ
֪Ļ٣Ƿȥɽͨ˼ѪͲȥɽ
ֵǰӦǡɳǡǺϻħֱӹһǳأҲ˲ιʬʥʯȱʿҲݣﹺ˲ι
óͼգȻ⣬һɳǣӵͼϿϻħڸںϻħڸɽҪȥɽҪɳԼϻħΧ
Ҵһ˾ͿɳǽȺɽ֮ϣһʯ̳һǳأһЩâââʱʱӳǳس֡
һɳǣԪǡ¹֮Ҳ࡭ǳһ⣬Χǡ
ýǲҪʯѲߣм飬ͷŸӦִ󲿷ֶаħʿʿ֮һӡ
ˣ
û뵽ոţͷŸӦ棬ȻӦһϤϢӳǳͷų
浱ںϣʮϢǡҲǳء
ͳԾˣϴħŵĳϣˣ
Ǽһﰡ˴򽻵˿һҲİָ棬˾ڼֵԶ
˻ǺģӦҲɻʼȻҲħųϡ
ˣͨıò
ֵһǳضֶֻ࣬ħʿԼ˿ڣһЩŮУܿͱһЩħߡ
Ҳħ˽⣬ЩŮͨ˫޶󣬻ƿܡֲħ̥ȵȡ
һЩϢʿһĻߣϧֻӡ
ǺɳǣȻħأʿֻǱʶŹء
ߵǣЩиҲóұŮи֡
ǳ룬ʿ̷̻ᶼ̧ͷǰϢһ̻ᣡ
м¥Ǽ̻ᡣ
ӦϢȥ
û뵽һ̻ȻǺ豦̻ᣬɱǸ̻ᣬֻںɳǼ豦̻ᡣ
ħ̻̿ᣬ豦̻Ȼ򵥡
һ̻Ϊ̻ᡯֲö˻棬Ϊ̻ħſġ
ûнȥѾӦ˲ιϢһȻһ˶Ϣʿ
û뵽ʿħԴԡͨ̾һֲַ˭ħʿĴ
ʿȻϢûħɷһ״Ƥ˿ֱݡ
ؼħǿ֪ʿǳӭǽǰʲôаֻЦˡ


2036 ʬʥʯ
ȥΪʬʥʯ
ͨף룬Χ̨Ǹַҩ󲿷մȾħ
ʿʥΪͨһȦﶫǳЩ̻۸ҪһЩҶܳ
¥ԴΪﶫҪһЩƷʸһЩһЩħҲܶħʿ
˲ιҲв٣ǰõ˲ιûʲôͬҲɫͷЩͬǴͬС졣
ҲһЩҩۣƷҲʥ£ʽ׷ڶ¥
¥һԸовٻʽ׷Ϣͷţ˲ιҲΪˣѾһЩʮ˲ιۡ
һ̣ͨȻסһ̨ӡ֮УŴʮһСʯ
ʯ
Ȼǣȥʯ񣬵ʵɽеĺʬʥʯ
ڼʬʥʯһ۾͸˴𺳣ʯ˼߳ƣʯ㣬ȴ͸ŵϢԼһطھƵ
߽һʬʥʯڲܿ˵ƤѾ˿·Ѫ⡢˿Ϊһع壬Һ壬ҲҲ㣬·һֽѪɫΪѪɫ
ͷŸӦ͸ʬʥʯʯȷȷʯʯҪһЩԺɫΪ
ҲͼƤ٣ѪҲԿϧһж̲ѪɫδȫʯǿʢϢʬڲͷųȴûн𵤡ԪϢֻʣʿľԼһ
óʬľѾ뾭Ѫ⡢Ƥ˿ΪһѪɫ״̬
ͨžϲҲǲ̾ⶫǼоʯǣڲʬͻֱӳԵ
ͷڳ̨ڵĺʬʥʯ
ԪӦͨĺʬʥʯʿո֮Уʿʬ崩һ·ö֮ʬĺʬʥʯҪʮγɣֺʬʥʯȫ廯Ϊһصʯħǿ󡢵ܣ⻯ô̫ࡣͨʬ壬ҲγɣڲѪ״̬ⶫкֱܴƣҩҩ˲ι֮ıУһ֮󣬾ʬ徫һɣͨʺʥɡʹá
üһһʬʥʯǿʢǴɰ̫󣬲ǱȲʩչ컯ֱǿʬ壡ͨӵֱ
濴һʯǼԱһʬʥʯƺǿҵҩϢ
ʬʥʯҲвͬղֻͨȼԱһеҩϢΪ˽ҩǰʬڲͶ֮УγɵĺʬʥʯͻӵǿҵҩϢ
ַӣ
ʬ뵤ҩҲԹ߼ıҩŻҲͶʬ֮УԴΪĺʬʥʯҩ̫⣬⿿պЩԺܶǿ߾ַӣϺʬʥʯʹãְ취Ʒ
ּ۸ܹ󣿡
ǱȻһͨںϵҩĺʬʥʯӦü۸ƷʯȻԭΪΪʬʥʯһһδξܳɹųɹʾɣʮʬ巽ľ߳ɹֲһЩһʧܣʧȻС
Ʒʯһͨʽ׷ǴɣһƸҲԹһ𣬳ǴбĴɣܹ򣡡
벻ʬʥʯ
ȻҲʬʥʯô̫࣬˲ιȻȲ˲ιǰʬʥʯҲ࣬ô㣬Լ۸˲ιࡣ
ܶʿһԺʬʥʯĺܣвģҲûмˡ
¥Ҳ٣ܼɣҲһЩʥɡ
ͨ¥ʬʥʯΪеҩϢͷűҩϢЩǸ߼ʬʥʯЩʯͷʬ壬Ѿ廯羧һ
Χ˲ιƷҲ󲿷ֶʮƷʵ˲ιܶʿڹһЩħҲ𽥴ﵽʽƷʣһʽħͨƷʣҲǴܹģֻɲв
ɲʹûʽ׷Ҳ޷ʩչʽ׷ֻ̤ɻʣʹûʽ׷Ȼ۽׷ΪҲɻǿԴ߶۽׷ûд߶ʽ׷ǰףԴɻʣԸѡʽ׷
ǰ㣬ӵиΪĵ۽ױ߶ҪЩô߶ٵ۽ױֻҪϣֵܵκι
һЩħ桢ħۣһЩϡٵħ̥ŮЩ嶼ƷõĲϣΪѾǿƺֻܶ꣬ҪںϾͳɣԼ۸Ҳףɸ
¥ＸɣһЩɻϢǣһɻʻʿ
ЩɻϢǳûܷǣЩɣûһܲɻʾͷأܷ֣֮ǴЩɻʷ˿ƤϢġ


2037 ħ춯
ĬĬ۲ЩɻʣΪʬʥʯ˲ιһЩģΪɻȻó˲ƸЩɣֻ÷ֹʵĲ
࿴ϢɻʣһѮߣͷߣȴӲʣһһͨߡ
޷ɻʣеɼһ˿Ϣ㲻ɻʣҲһΪɡ
ħŵˡ
ȥΪĺʬʥʯһ䷿ſڣʿ
ϢһЩħɷ΢΢ͷų
ٸӦ䣬Ͳˣ˾棬滹ɻʣħ
һɻʣ
ƺڷ̸ʲôܵͣһϴɱâ
桭
汾ȥЩ涾ħɻʣ﾿̸ۺεܡ
츳ͷŵ¡
ǲܱ˷ֵģΪǲ߷Ĳ츳һ˫ܳԽͨ
ϢԽӡڲ˵һɻ˵ȷвִⷽж񣬵ǵѰԺڰʿѾǰնɱ٣ʬʥʯ
Ϥ𣺡кڰǿߣҲħ£ֲ֣ȻɽֲʿƻǵĹأ˼ǺϻħԼΧħҷ˽նɱǿߣҲж̤ɽɱţħжٺôӦúܲһֱѹͷϣ
һħɻʾͷʵ֣˳⣬𣿡
˵ǰûͼһСŮӵõǸħҲæѰһͼ䣬ķɢ޵õͼܱõͼҪǿһ£Ҿ͵ǵ˵Ǻϻħڣħɣñ˽ڰʿߵһʲôȸ֪ħţþ˽֪ͨħɢޣתЩڰۼҼ棬Ϊ£ħŻл᳤ϸ
һɻʵ֣˼û̫ס
һɻҲΪѽ˵ǲħҪЩڰʿ
󴦴ɱڰǿߣڰйصɣҲһɳǱɽΪľǲʱǺϻħڣҲᱻϣħξۻᣬΪҺãȽħ˼ȥ˵˵߸ϡ
ڲͲ˵ˡ
ҷƿһѪ۵ĶȺ֮УҲûͷɻϢ֪ܶӦòͨ׷ΪС
ʱע⵽ΪɻʣҲĿԴˣǲ֪ݣ֪һɻʡ
ֱ뿪̻ᣬ̲ͨסʣˣз֣
ⷽҪϻħڵħֻɱִжʿҲҪħѰһͼҪһϢħžȻҪڰȡϵ
ħҪϺڰʿ
⻹ֻ֪Ǽڰʿ棬ҾӦû飬ЩҲܲˣڿȷɽԼⷽȷкڰǿߣ˲ᵥˡ
ҪԸʿǻȥɽ
ȻҪȥΪʬʥʯ˲ιҲҪȥ·ʱ̫̣ƻнǧʱ䣬ʵѾüޣ뾡Ϊߣٳǰ컯ɽ磬ȥ컯ɽһ·Ҳ̫ƽʱҪ
˲ι
ͨһһڨڨЦʼ磺ˣȹһЩʬʥʯԼ˲ιÿǺʬʥʯ˲ι̫ˣΪȥɽ׼
û
ͨȥһЩϡʯ٣ʯ̫ҲûôֻҪ̳оУĻ繺˲ιʬʥʯ
˹һУͽӺɳȥ
𽥿ϻħڣħڲˣ˫ΪħţŮʿ٣󲿷Ůﶼ˫޹ߣͬܣźϻħҲһЩŮħͷ
ѡԶϻħڵΧⷽԶԶܸӦؽа֮УһЩԹӰ쵽һЩһ䣬ǰ֮š
Թɼϻħڹôа
ԽϻħڻɽѾͨӦֲаħʿҲڲɽ£
ͨΪħںϺʬʥʯȥƸռ䣬һӦںϣ𽥿ɽ
һ·СڴӺɳɽΧԶԶȥһƬڣ·Ư֮ϡ
һɽҲһЩϿȽɽǿзֿһЩʿڰɽϿ֮С
ȻһƬ籩һħϢٴӸ߿Ϯʿ籩ߡ
һЩҲæء


2038 Ϣ
һħ籩Ƿ磬澹ȻѻЩѻЩë⣬˫Ѫ죬ͷԼħںһЩѻԵԪ
ɿƸߺˣҲٲѻǾħħĴѻǳײУȺӣѻڶ̶һʱ䣬һСǳسԸ⣬žɻʱѻ֮УҲܿᱻԵùʣ
ѻ˿ֲ֮ʶһһʯ·
żжѻϸҲǵһμѻһħ֮ѻԶǣԷǳǣҲǶ֣ݵ񡢽ѻҲѻĶ֣ɿɵ
û뵽ССѻԭǿĴڡ
ʯ֮УΧʮʿϢǧˣǶɽϿ֮Уðͷѻ·ҲħָӦȻҵһЩʿЩʿ³Ͳˡ
ӸӦ֮пЩˣߣͷɻ𹥻ȻһЩѻѻٶȡ̫࣬ΧƬ̣˺ʧһ㣬ѻƷգۼ䣬͸Ը⡣
ʮ˱ѻҳЩʥɣҲмһЩͨɣͳͳɥ
ѻⷽ߿գһºһƶ
һǼʩչɻ𣬶޷סѻ˭ܿôѻɳǣڶʱ
ð亹ʯǰǰֹǺڰħ桢ħΪֲû뵽ռѻ֪и壡
ˣ
ʱͬˣȷѻԶȥԳԶȥ
нԶһһϢͷŸӦ״̬棬оϤ
ת˲Ͳ׽ʮǹϢϴ֪˭ˣɢǿС
У
ֲϢϤˡ
û뵽УһɢޣͥҲʢҷǳᣬɹɡϵʱҲǰ˴æзǳͬС
ҪҪȥУͻȻħк󷽼ﰵβ棬ȥħںء
˵ϴ棬ΪոˣΪɻʣ
ǰħǲרɽӦҲִж񡭡УǻǸȥоЩ˵ҲѰжȥ
ħϢӦǺϻħǿߣһɻʣһһɡ
Ҳʹ칦ɻɽ⣬ǰ綼ܲƮ꣬˸оǿµѻ֮еȴʳ
δ̤ɽѴΧо־ϢаħϢ̫ǿʢϢҲ٣ɽǧڲвϿȡԨǿֲ󣬾ⷽյظһڴ壬͵ʿȥ
Ӧٴ˷֣ϴħϢδнɽ
в鿴ħǿߵȷûнɽ˳ʧ֮УһЩʿҲΧɽ
̫ţ
ͨʽҲɽ
ɽΧ޾꣬ԼƣһָʴϣϢɢƤҲʹΪָʴ꣬󲿷ֶûֲγһЩǺ
⻹ĺܿһЩ׹нݣһЩصĺʱʱ͵Ϯ
еĳʮԽʮССԼΧڼһЩӰɽԼܲ͸ɭ֣綼Ǻںģࡣ
ɽʱǰһɭ֮еɽһͷţʮڸʴ»Ӧ
˺ȥʮҪɭȥɽ֮пһ罫ɽ֣ɭǰһʯ̳Ϸšڡħġ
ͨڽܣǰڵ̣ɽһǰɽ֮УӦֲ˲ڵ̣ñȥдǿɱɽڲӪһصأɻʾͷ򣡡
ϧ
ɽ˲ϧò
ǵδϤɽֻܷͨƹɭ֣ȴҲüһЩڵڰѲߣͬҲְУҲЩʿϢڿڵ̡
ں󷽾Ǹ޴ɽϿȣΧɽϿȾǴ󣬻ܸӦ֮һЩħϢڷա
˿󣬽ЩǴͬģ಻֪ΪΣӵбȻ벻ͨΪλǿʢ
ΪˣŻᵮʬʥʯŻħϧյؽصأ˲ιʬʥʯ


2039 ı

ͨڹ۲󣬰֮УͻȻһƬ籩ħڷڡ
֮һֻֻѻˡ
ѻ
֮ǰǼ֤ѻæڸЩ̫ѻҳܿͱй⣬Ǽɢںɭ֮УһЩӽѪǰߡ
ڴʱѻոȥ桢ͨոðͷǰ֮УȻðһߺںʬ塣
ĪǺʬʥʯͨʬһͷȻǾǺʬʥʯ
룬Ҳ̫ãĪǾһʬʥʯ
ȴ˳֣һӰһԶֳӹһɣǾʬȥ
˱зݣ

һҲͻȻ˳һâ
âһҫޱȣƶһײںԼ֮ը
˶ɣзҲͨʽɽʵѾǳֲֻҪħǿߣյҲ̽ߡ

ʯ䣬Ϊʬ壬ɱĲɿÿһг徢γɸͷƣǽһӣǽԶһЩѹҡڡ
桢ͨԶԶţȴɱܾˣлҲһҪʬһʬʥʯֵðա
Ϊɣʱʱ֮һӣ桢ͨӶֱˣЩ֮£ǺģȻѻŸʬǣѷֲ໹Ƕﺡǡ
û̫ɱȥһЩںϣ·׹Ǹǣһ̣Ƕ˲֪ȴ˵֮иӿֲ
䣡
Ϣ֮һɴɱһ׹⣡
׷
׷ͨʽɽںϣû뵽һжԷɷɽ׹ɲԽɽжԷֱۡ
˷Ӧˣʱˣұȴ׹֮£˲䱬ըΪ
ش֣Ǿʬ壬ʱ˿̣Ϊɵõʬ壬ƾǵõһʬʥʯǣ˸ոȥʬһ⣬ʬɫ󨡣
ЩɽԾһ㣬ʬðɣ·Щɫ󨣬Ҳ޷ȫһֻֻϣħѪꡣ
ʹͷɻ壬Ҳֻһ󨱻ն䣬һѾƤǱߡ
һɿһĻﱯҡͷΪһߺʬʥʯǣɱ˭ֲֿ֪󨡣
ͨȫû뵽һĻ仯ͨҡͷЩ£һɶܣ
һĻֱԺʬ壬ĪֱֶȡҪϸϸʬǲǺʬʥʯ
ɳӣû߼һ仰ͣ£ˣкüϢƺɻʣӲԶ֮ǰ·صǱȥٹ죡
𣿡
ҲЩԽͣͻȻкüֿڵ̣
Ҳ֪Ǳʶǵ¾ͨתķȥЩǿߡ
ĸʮ󣬾뼸ҲԶһΧɽһЩɫȺں֮ζʱʱҲмһЩѻʳ
ӦںϣһɽϢоɻΪɡ
ɻʼɣʵࡣ
˶û˵ܴӸӦ֮пɻϢһӵħɷ̫ǿңһ˻аϢӿһа޾ͷɾɻʵĸࡣ
ಣ
֮⣬һƷ
˫˷ɽ֮Уͷһɻʣɡ

濴ɻģ֮ǰ̻֮УϢɻߡ
ˣǰòںɳ棬ߴʱɻ档
¾ɻʣֵһǳأȫһģĳǳأǵһͨҲ⣬֮κһˣʵɹҪǿһ֣ƻʵһȡ
ʱĴɻʾһۣ֮ķʮ⣬Ǵɽؾ
һɻɷɷЦɽΧвֻҲһؼ⴦صؽʱ䣬Ҳʮ꣬ԶԶħؾе̣
һ𣺡ҲƽʱɻҲͲʮɻʣ⴦ؾɻʣ඼ɻһΪǿɻ죬ȷΪոƺɽΧħƺڰоۻﻮʲôЩȥ֣⴦صأ⼸Ҳֻɻǧˣɡɣ˶֣
˵ϻħڵҲˣҪ֣ҪȡԴȻ뿪ɽȻҲгԽ׷ɱǣ֣ҲԻ뿪ɽ


2040 ͵Ϯϻħص
ػ˵׺ã͵ϮصأɱȥЩ˭õ˭ģºɱƽ֡һаϢɻʹЦ
˲˵ɿʼڷȥ
ͨһĦȭƣԾԾԭҪ͵Ϯصأˣǻˣոջ˲ιʬʥʯû뵽ȥ͵ϮصأҲԳû٣ȡɻʣǲǶ֣Ҳ޷мܣɻʣ
ҹݲʣ޺ƲЩɻʾͷҴ⣡Ŀݼ䣬ͨȥ
ܿĴɻصɽ⡣
Ӧаɻ˵ʮ˲ιһʮһ˲ι۸Թһ۽ɱʮţǾɽħҲֵã
˵꣬͸Ӧһɽν綴һӣһа˲ʧȥϢ
桢ͨڼϢ֮ڽǰƽ粢ǿ󣬵Ҳﵽ۷壬ӡܿ컯󲿷һϢɽڲ
ӦֺܿҵɻϢ˷ֿжѾȥɽ桢ͨӦΧдڵӣһɹħɷϢУ󲿷ֶǴɣһɣҲһЩʥ
Խ壬ϡɽ߰һɽȣкҲɭ֣кü罫Щ֣ɽȰ˷»ɽܼЩĶҲеѲߡ
ͷŸΪֲ츳ӦصнǧˣһٶɽһΧһ
һ̣ĴӲͬǱɽ֮Уͨıòȥ
䣡
ûɽһɭ֮ػǰУǰɻͻȻըɽȱõضɽҡ
ȻĴɻʳˣ
һʱ˷⣬ħɷ
ڵӳȺɻϢҲݺᣬǰӡеѾڱ
ܳҵõĻ͹ϳ֣صһڵǿߺ֧ܿԮ涣һ䣬ͨѾһ֮Уһտյĺء
ƿտյϡܼڸɱҫ֮УȻһʿڲ
Ӧòǻˣ
ϡܿһЩڣ˲ԼɶߣϷѾһ˲ιֻкȭͷС
˲
꣡
Χǿߣ඼ɣɱɽ
һɻ֮ն𣬽ɽ𿪣ڵӣ˲ɻ֮лΪҽ
Ȼһ˸ɻʶֻ֣֮ɻʣĴɻɱҪԸɻȻס
ͨһЩͿһаϢˣһۣȥһɱɻӡЦһɹда䣬֪ǱȶЫµаɻʡ
ɻʣ
ɱ
ɱɻʣ
߲ٷɳ´Χаɻ𿪵ɣһɽΧȻУ
ȻصأȻµ󷨣Ȼһ󷨴Ҳﵽ۷壬ɻ֮вٷ̺ɻʵȼ
Ӧɻɣɿơ
桢ͨûг֣ڰУȴŻᣬǿаɻƤ£һЩʬʥʯԼ˲ι
ݣ
ɻס
һʱɣһɱаɻʣЩﵽɻʸ߶ȡ
ɻץһЩ󸣬Щһ߶󣬴ʮֻ֮һЩ
ɻٴ߶ΧΪһƬɱкȻҶᣬЩ󸻹ڲɼЩ󸶼Ѿ۷
ɻֶ죬һ˶ԿԶԸʮɣɻʲĴ󣡡
û뵽аɻɿӦΪҲֻһ뷽¶Ϊһɻʡ
ɻһ죡
аɻʵ̫ǿ뷽¶ַߣȻҲ࣬ǿЩ󸣬һרģһֻп۷ʵɻʵӰԵ
˶ڣеƣٴɱһƣһɻ֮Ҫаɻɱ
ǻûûˣ˸овͻȻһץԭһ
꣡
һڻʽɽ̳ٶȿϷɱӡһ̴ӡʮɾ޴ӡ˲
ǿɻʣʮɻԼҰǿĹ򵥶Եӡ顣
󸣬󸣡
аɻͷżֻɫ󸣬ޱȣࡣ
Щɫһһ䣬Ҳ۷󸺮ϣȻֵܵ󹥻
૾̾ʶɻʺϴ˻̻Ĺأܵ޷ɻֶΣȻ֮УɻֶβһֶΣܶԸɣʿ֮еĻߣ


2041 
أ
ͻһڱ
аɻʣñ󸡢ס󲿷ɣûȥ˲ιԼʬʥʯ
˭֪һӰɱȻһаɻ潻档
аɻʵûκӰ죬ֻͻȻɱӰһƽ֮󣬱˺󼸲
ɻʲδǴĺ꣺ɾ쾹пɻʵһţ
ɻʣ
ɻҲ
겢δʩչҲͶʮģǷһ˫üʵһˡ
ҵΪģԸɻʣסȴŸԮǼɱϡ
Ϊʿ˲ץһɽһʥ׷һ֣λʦ֣ȥڱסɻʣ
аɻʴŭ⣬ΧɻưԵӿͬκˣҪɽû½ڱУţӦǸˣĪɻΪУ
λͬţ߶סɻʣû뵽ɻвûк£Χڵ֡

аɻʳˣɻٶͬǣɲɱǰ

ӽǰɻǿһƣ¡һͽʮɡ
ͨɵĥǸɵƢɿɻʣʵһ˳Ϊɻʣ»ͥ

ҲסˣϾһ˸ΧЩɣԸָӡ
ϴԼһƲϹаɻʣɻʲɱһν뿪ҲãʩչӰ
Ƿ⻯ܣȻԺʬʥʯɵܣȥְæ
նаɻʣɱһħɷˣаɻʡ
Ϻ󷽡ΧڵӣԼƣ·һɻʣȻҪЩնɱ
ɻʣͻȻָ֮Уһ
¡һըΧκιըķѣǺЩҲõˡ
ǿƣ
ɻʵǿ
ž
аɻĿڲһ֣йɣ˾Ȼûˣֻ΢˰ˣɶԸɻʣܲˣʵ
Ѿʼ΢΢ӵеǱȻҪɻΪУڵģаɻٴɱһ
׳ޣԾ˵£ռԱޣγɻ档
һ޷ܵͷû뵽һܣձ飬һյסޡ
ţɶԸɻʣ̫ǲܽɻʻɱ
аɻʰԵЦЦȻɱܣЩܲʵģǴž綾ͨ
͸ΪֲɱȥΧһձըɻʾ綾ˮ˷
ǸҲ綾մȾһʱƤ类ˮУƤ롣

аɻֶ̫ѾѹΧɣִ󷽷˲ιԼƯں֮Щʬʥʯ
дΪǿҪǰȡ桢ͨͻȻӺڰ֮пٷɳ
ʱ˿ԵֵаɻʣǸɻһΣסǼ𿪣һ˷վ˻棬Ӱ;Ծɱһ׷սħɷһѹаɻʡ
Сӡаɻһĳɻ潣յסɻƤЦⲻЦȻɱ
ಣ
һ̣Ӱ˫֮ʣȻӹɻڲɣ˲ιԼʬʥʯ
ڱĶҲҵǣаɻʲȻŭ֮ǰΧҪðɣȻ˳ûĿӣ
ͨ
˿ϧû˳õߣʱɱһ˻ƽ𿪡
ʱаɻʱնɱ桢ͨǰҲˣֱ򱦱
ͨԵõ÷¶誡ɱ
ʵ̫ǿ󣡡ֵɹƵ棬ͱˡ
ݣ
û뵽ǣаɻ޵֮ƣȥ˲ιʱ򣬾Ȼӹ·֮У˳ħ󨡣
ҲӺ֮ͻȻץɱаɻһֲɻȻһЩ󨣬ǱҧС
ԭ֮л壬ǹȥڸֲδ߶壬ƾԸɻʣһĻͨʹ졣
ɻʱܻУˣȴҲᣬӺ֮ץʬʥʯ֮תȡ˲ι
Ѿʮߣ߶󱣻Χ͸ŸΪֲɻ
ߣ
ɻʶԵõϴͨ롣
ڱϾһصشԴֳɻ֣֮ЩɻᣬҲռˡ
桢ͨҲףһЩڵӷ֣üɴŴɱ
ٶȾˣ̶ʱγɰΧͨʩչɻһն׾˽âһƬڵӣ˲ųûߣڲɻʶᱦڵֻܺ޿صء


2042 ɽ
ӳ֮Щڣ֪ԴΪκβصأȥˣûõԴ
ڻչ׷ɱһʱӳʱѾɽеޱ޼ʣûһЩɭ֡ɽ壬һīγɵĺڰɽˮ
ѻڰҲ֮д󨣬˷ҲżȻܸӦһЩˡ
ɭһطϢסߣϡѻħӦͨӦֻܸһҲܸ֮⣬һЩħϢأдʬҲӺͷţԽԽ£һڴ
ʱһɹ굱˻ΪѻϮ
ӦȻһЩ֣ǰǧףһЩˮ֣мʿϢ
治츳һȣͲǷֶԷǱԷ֡
СǰУںһ޴ʯû֮УʿʯվţʱΧһӿʬϷϽ·һƿ
ȻЩѲߺʬʥʯǹʬ·ʬ壬пܾһʬʥʯ
ͨʼһμʿ֮ѰҺʬʥʯڰΧҲȡ
Լһʱɣ·࣬ƿɿʲô֡
ΪǺʬʥʯһͷ޹ʬ壬˵ǣ޹ʬҲͷŵɫ
ҲӦǱЩʧǽʬӡȥǰΪʬرǿҡ
·һ֣ûɽһû󣬿ΣգͨϢһʱ䣬Ҳ濴ûʲôջ
˻δɭ֣ͻȻҷֶ
ողȻǸղѰҺʬʥʯǼˣˣֻĶӡ
Ҳ֪εǶɣܻɱˣӦһ𶥼ɻɻʡ
ͻȻһˮ˴˺֮Уһɫ׷ɱ
Īʲôˮ¹ﲻɣ
䣡
ɻͷһնȥˮҲڴ죬նĳֹʡ
ˣͨ棬һͷˮ
һ˻·ѣ˾ĪˣѡѡΪҵġɽߡūλͬ飬ѡԱնɱʬ屻
ħͷǸƴˣû뵽ɱɽɽֱӴ·׹ʯź֮ɱƬˮ֮С

֮ɽذգ׺ˮɽӿɰա
ͨʲôɽߣһ֮ܲУҲڻţ
ҲţɶλΪδﵽ۷壬ҲһǿߣɱɽһʥסһͨʽɽնУɽһҲûУ˶Ǹ
ǿٴοɽɱ֮Уһκһɶ󣬲ͨһ󣬾һ뱬ըˮʮɶߡ
Ȼɱۣ˹ƣɻʣҲԸڳʮι֮ЩˮͻȻƵģȻγɰ׸ߺˣһ֮ƣӰ˷Ѱ
һʱžžײɱûУǻܼʩչƣܿûӰӡ
ͨɵ򣬶Ѫ˿λɾɱˣǸɽ߱һҲӲ
ɽһյأȻħǿߣɽӦþһ𽥰֮Уҵʬ壬صĺɽߣһ
ܿ󽥽ƽֻһЩˮɫ˻ţûһ˿սۼ
һ˵ϴܸӦһǿаħˮ»ǰӣӦþǺɽߣǹ֣Ϊˮ½ʮ֮У
ܲʮҪСˣɽ߿ǱϢʩչ͵Ϯ¾ɻʣҲ֮Σû뵽ɽ߾ڽº
˾һķֱһӣ˲ŸҷƬ
Ƭ֮ӣҲһ̣ɳһʿЩʿźߣģһϢɣԼɣɳһٶˣֳַΧٷȥ
һʮˣɼɴϢ֮ա
ϴ󡭡
շɳʮͷֺж
һƳܸ￴һʿϢⷽϲħҲаһʬرˣЩ˲һʿ
Ҳ֪Ǻηǿߣ˼ӿٶȷ氵棬ѰҺڰʿڰһѰҺڰϢ
õģڰϢرħȴӿ¡䣡ڼͷΧϢ


2043 ɽħ
ɽִ񣬻ɱڰЩͳ켶ǿߣûΪ
ʮǰͻأһɽһܸӦһЩʿϢأΧûħϢ
˸ȥû뵽ðˮʲôҪɱʿ
Ϊֹ֮ǰиӦЩźߵаʿðʬȻº·أʱٷɳǰɽ
˲һŴ󷽣ͨˣЩղǸɽߣǲһ·ģɽ߲£ЩҲǣ
ĥ˼Ƭ̣ȻףҲ汻˵ˣЩɽһǱУʿ޷Щʬǿʢĳ⹦֮ݺᣡ
ǻ˲ɽڰпЩʿϢ֮͵Ϯһʱɽڲ𵴡
ɽһɽ壬ͷŸӦһٶˣΧɱʮʿܻ׽ͻ׽һЩ߱ʿնɱ
ʱʮ˴󲿷ֱѹ
ԾһĻ֣ɽҲ󣬾һأ˴űѹЩʿ׷׹¡
Լһ㣬ؾȻðݣʬպȻΪѪɫ档
ӭߣ
һٶ˹ߵס
֮УˮⷭӿΪһʿ֣û뵽һƺʬʥʯ״Ĺ餡
餡
餳֣·һˣ֨һ餽ҿһ𡮺ʬʥʯȻһ˯ŵ״̬վ
ʬʥʯ
һĺʬʥʯʬ壬һɹħɷ֯ΪħӡǺʯڻˣһ֡
ѪɫϢʬǳأҲӡֱ۶һָúγɵḶ̌оͲһˣһӺʬʥʯ֮лʬ塣
ɨһʿ˻ƶ˵Ǻɽߣɽڲߣɽ֮Ǻϻħڵ̣ɽǱ̣ҪһӭǸҺɽߣ
Чߣ
ֳһٶʿͳͳߵס
ɽ˵Ӧ֪ҺɽߵħţͥǿħһϣʱɽⷽһǸűδһⷽˣ
Ѫ
һʿվȡһߡ
ʿ֣ȫվ£߳ߣ߶һӡ
ߵɭɭȵħϻħڵȴɢʩչѪ󣬶´κκҪӣɱ⣬ҪһͬⷽҪħŵħǿߵѪ
ಣ
ӡƳʮʿЩʿۺԿħšϻħڵħӣɡ
һ˱ӡѹҲһˣӷӡ֮ɽ¹򣺡ǰĹҵȣҵ۲ʶ̩ɽźǰԸǰ
ħճϣڶͬŵķϣ֪ˣħŷ볤϶ԿӴԭΪǰ泤һͬԸħţһħŵɣǿͷġ
ɽƯںࡢħɷ֮УǺͻȻΪһֵķ̳ڲģ֮ǰУǹɽ׷ɱʶֶΣ֪ˣ֪Ѿˣ
˻һʮ˼ŵÿҪιȥ
ԭɽ߾ħһϣ
Զ֮Уͨ쿴档
ɽԭħǿߣҲһһϣڵǿϴڣȫͨ죬ΪκɽȴɽҪħΪУ
ǾãӦǺɽħڲԹɽԸħţһͳⷽǳ˵Σ֪ħжɻʼľͷǶҲޱȡ
˵ħţǺϻħڵȴħҲǲöԸģȻɽ߻ɽ
̳ƺкڰϢ滺ͷ
֪ȥ㹦գɽƯں෨̳֮ϣʼһӡû뵽Ӻ֮УȻһʯ
ʯһ۾类׻УͫʼŴ
ͨɲǼҲ𺳣ǲǡڰ֮ţǺڰʿͨɽͨ
ԭǺڰ֮š
ɹ̫潣֮УǿĿúˮǿߣδ߶ڰ֮ţʮԺڰǿߣӺڰͥ滹뵽ǸΪص꣬ǾԺڰһ˵
ͨ氵ʵɽкڰ֮ţ
ҹɽߣӦڰ糶ϹϵѾ̫潣ڰ糼Ϥĺڰ֮ţкڰϢǰ෬ӴЩëɭɭġ

ʮʿͷģεѣ
ɽʿȴûκζȥһۣںڰ֮ŲϴӺ֮лΪǣ·֮Уӿ뷨̳֮У÷̳Ӱ֮С


2044 ˱ħ
෨̳ʮɶߣϷָΪǿҺڰϢɽ߲ᷨӡڰ֮źڰϢΪֲǺ෨̳γһΣһʮɸߵĺˡ
˲ֻ̫Ǵܿ˵ͷҲػûһֻǡ
ͨסħ壡
ȻǶħ壬濴֧ǣº˲ˣģμֱǰĶħû˿֮ͬ
·˾һ࣬һ޴ԺΪķ࡭ԶԶȥվں֮УϢںһ
ɽͻȻԺǾˣ¹򣺡˱ħ𣡡
Ҳһͬ¹򣬶Ǻˣųơ˱ħ𡯵ĴڣȴȻûлûΪһĵֻཽɡ

˫ۿʼѣֻֻΪֻ֣һη֮󣬾Ȼӵаֻ֡
ֲó֮Ϊ˱ħ
ӡһħǿߣΪɣں˳֣·֪Լɥڴˣվ⡢ĪǾǴ֮Уںڰħˣħף˱ħ𣿡
ɽ߿ˣΪħŵӣ֪˱ħҲǺȻģ棬Ƕ԰˱ħж˽⣿
һħǿߵ˱ħǺڰʮߣΪǿս˱ۣϹħתӵϹħ֮ʵƽߣںڰ˶֪ħ𣬲ЩǴţɽߣ㾹ŷڰ磬ΧħŹ㣡
˵Ѿ֪ħΧħϣƺʲıɽǱ̣Ҳ޷˱ħɲǴ֮еĴڣںڰ磬ͳħĴѪڰ˱ħǵˣ
ɽͻȻף
˱ħĺ෨ǰ˱ͻȻޱһ𱻷ӡǿץȥ
ÿֻץһǿߣʣЩˣɽ߿ץգڰ˱ħǰǿй¡
źɽٽӡӺ෨̳˱ħϣһЩ࣬ӡǽ⼸ס
˱ħˣˣϿɸˣɽ죬һʬһ
ͻȻ˱ħ񻺻ſ죬һֻޱ֣ͽһħǿߣ˽ȥ
ǵڶ𡢵𡭡
㹦ʮǿ߾Ȼ˱ħԵɲǻΪѪɫѪѪɫ档
һ̣ɽ߾Ȼ˱ħǷҲɽںУ˰Ѫɫð˱ħɽںϣһ̣ǺʯҲǺڰ֮Ҳӿ˺ڰϢЩڰ˱ħɣ֮еĺɽϢԽԽǿ
·һħ
û뵽˱仯֮ǰ;ɱʮˣѪˡ
󱻰˱ħɣɽںϣƺⲻǼѪǺڰ֮ŴĿºڰӳ֡
ͨ̾ˣǰҲúڰħǿ߷оӦһֽħڰúܶ࣬󲿷ֳþںϷɽȥӳַһͿɽڰ֮мӳϽ磬һִţڰǺڰǿߵķһɽʿԸڰںϣôʿӵ뷨һ
סɫȵԣɽԸ˱ħ𳼷ӵа˱ħĸ
ĿǰӦˣɽӦòڰϵ˱һоܣ
ϧ̫ǿˣɽ߿ɱɣȻɻټɹӵа˱ħʩչ࣬ʵ󣬹ֲ֮ݺᣬԼ˱ħйϵ
˾ԶԶźһУҲ˽ڰɽʿ֮ϵ
֮˱ħ໯Ϊ࣬ɽһڡ
ɽҲץԴԼһЩΧ¸ɡںϡ
ǿڰʯͷͱɽ
ݣ
׼ȥһɽ߷ǣԴںֶܵΣӹ׷ɱ
벻ǣɽһʮ֮⣬ȻһɽϼһԾɱɽĿǺɽߡ
үүģ˭ţĿŵɽɱ֣ͨæһڰ
ͨں䣬ǵϼɽɽɱ

ǣһ̶ײɽ֮ɽЦβħ֣ʿ𣿡
桢ͨɽ̿ɱеüԪ
ɼǵϼɽôˣɱͻȻ޷նɱɽߣٿԽ˰ɣ
˿ɽ߿Ц֪ħͷǿߣûˣһδܵ˿Ӱ죬ʵ֤
ৣ
ħɷ桢ɽɽ֮б·ĳִҪɽɱ
Ǻɽһǿߣɽɱ֮ǴɣʵҲ쳣ˣϴӿһʬеĺڰϢЩ򵥡


2045 ɻ
Ѿߣһֲ˻ն֣˻ħ֮Ǻɽߡ
ݣ
ڴʱ֮ǰ͵Ϯǵϼ⽣Ҳɽĳϸ߿գһӰǿɱ
ɱɽ͵Ϯɽߣϧûе֡
Ǻεһ桢ͨԷǳ棬ƶԷҲӦøܵɽڲϢôӴ󡢿£ɱһǸ֡
Ȼϼɽ̤ڽ£һɳԽɵϢ糯ϼɢһĨ͸ơѾһȻâɽϷֲҫ۹ߡ
氵һӶԷϢǿֶ̾ħǿߣһɻʾͷ
һɻʣ
Ȼɻʲֻɻ򣬱ɹִϣֻɢ֮еİ
Ȼȴһɻʣͨƺһ뷽¶ϢĴڣӦɻһΪһ죬Ҳȫʵɽ߽֣
򾲿ǰ˵ɣ˾кεͨ˲˴ħʿԺɽ֣߳
˫Ѿɽǧףһīˣ̤ͷϼһڻʽɽϢ͡Եâǿƣһһɻʣն꣬Ϸ֮⣬ʧ
һˣһͷ쳣׳˶ͨʿȥЩͬ
˵նԺɽߺȵոоǿҺڰϢЩͥʿȻڰʿͷţٸЩڰʿѨںδҽ⴦ħѨһӶˣ
ɽƯħ֮УںϣˣĪɻʣͲмĴڣ
ԷһȣܿɻΪ㿴Ҳɻʵձնɱڰʿ޹أȰǻǸϽ뿪ɽ·漴Уͥ½ɻǿߣɱڰʿ֪Ȥֻǰװ
ȱɻǿߣҪһͳⷽԵħţҪ֣ҿǿʵ뱾£Ժ㵱ϣ
ڤ粻飬һ˼뻤סڰʿȻȲʶȤվͽһһնɱղӦںڰڰ֮ţûкڰʿܵõһڰ֮ţҲȥֲһ񣡡
̷˵꣬ͻȻͶˣ
һ˼ԦΧ磬ɱɽ롣
ɱ
ɴʮɣӺɽΧɳһͨͷţΪʬħɷںϵĺڰƣ˲γһ嫺ɷ˳ˡ
ǲ֪ɻ֮ܣ˵Ȼ˫ֽӡǰȻƳһơ
ħȥ˫ѾΧʧľʼ۶ϡ
¡¡һ죬ǰƺҲըѣ紺ɽϷը죬ħ˱飬֮ԳԽɣԼʮɺϻ֮
ɻʵԼֶͨΣ
ۣ
ЩʿϣһʩչֵɡΪҲ޷мɻʹ
գۼ䣬һ˱䣬ʣһ˷׷Ѫˣɡ
ɽ΢΢ҡͷΧ˺󣺡ɻΪԸǺǣʿǿ֮ÿÿɽԽħڽ£㿴أ˭ף
ӦǸǿҲǱ֣Ըٶɱ
ಣ
ɽһԾȥʬն
ž
ڶϢǧ֮Уɽ˾ʯײһɲһƣ֮ǰΪֲɻ𵴡
ۣ
Ϊⳡɱֽ棬һʱ䡣
桢ͨǣֻһƣֻһн棬ͼɽ֮вֺȻͷʬ
ǰ֮УǸͷ棬ҿѪĭû˿ż磬ɱ·ɽƺҲûж
ˣȻڱŵźɽߣ㡢ԲͨɻʣϢ䣬һһϦ޳ɣһлңҲгԽ죬ӵɻʵ
ɻǿˣ̫߹Լɻ׷룿ɾɻʣԼⷽͥ𣿴ˣɻȻϻߣκϧɻãã磬ֻ˵ǿȥĸ߼壬޵𣡡
ɽ߰ȻٸһᣬҳԺΪЧҪ㿴
ΪڰЧЩڰʿͷҿɲ㣡˵꣬ͻȻһ
һһӰ֡
⻯
⻯һ֣ƾͿɻʣ𣬾˱תߡ
ɽתˮתԺΪһΣһ㱨ѩܣ˲һ
һɻһ죬ҲӱǰߣɻʣԺúΪѪ
ɽ߶һϴͨȻһָɽ·ͻȻӿ˻
Щ໯Ϊһྪˣ赲ǰǺֻΪһʮɾ޴İ˱ħ


2046 ħĻ
ն
˿Ʒ⻯ƺ˱ħ񣬼ﵽɻʸ߶ȡ
¡¡ƻа˱ħ񣬷·Ҫûཽɵľ޴
ûôû˿飬⻯ƺҲϵһĻͻȻһƣɱʽɽ
˱ħһֱۣҲѸײڶ֮ɽ

һƾͽ˷⻯лʽɽڷ⻯һɺ֮ͨ˲
Ǹˣ
ˣ
һĿɻʾͷǺɽߣ澯ʲôʱߣҲȻ߲ˡ
жߣͨһۣҲɽնɱڰʿִж񣬿ϧǺɽߣǺɽ˵Ϊɻʾ̫Ŀˣ˲ҲԼ֮ǰһ͵ϮɣӦ֪ɽʵ࣬󡣡
ɻʲҲʵҲŹɽ߱Լϧ磬˭ܳԼ㣿ԼˣûˣԼ޵У³ǷݿĽЦ֮뿪ٶȥ
ҡҳ
֮ǰɽȡ
һж֮УɽǰǹŲͬˣϿͷġ
ɽͻȻվӰˡ
һۣϢޱȡ
ڰʿµˣ˳֡
˶Ժɽ߾Ȼ£ˣ
ɽ֮ǿˣͻȻһƹһʬɻԺ
ٿԱڰʿɽ߳ʵҷ֣ɱЩʿȺ
һڰʿˣȻ·棬òǿɱɽɱǺڰʿǲصĺܺãɱǣʱֻλֵ䣬Ƿɱüɻʣɾ͸ˣ
ں֪ΧħĶ
ħΪɶһħųǣͷͨ˴Ǿۻᣡ
ۻ᣿
ɽ˳˼ֺȻףȥҿ˭ҵͬ⣬˽ħ棡
㣬ħ֮ѰһЩħϢҲݷΧֺɽ
ͨԶɽ߳ûǷյأʱԽһɽ֮Ϣ
⴦ɽΧʮϢʿħϢҲһЩ滹ӦǳħɻʵʱԨЩеһȡ
ϢԼһ꣬˼иӦڰϢʱ׼ͳ켶ǿ߽档
ǰ桢ͨоǳ仹вѻڸգȻ࣬ЩѻþòɢȥһϢǡ
ѻöԸ֮ЩħҲѲ𽥿һЩʬĺ㣬֮гûЩѻ࣬ϢҲƣǹ˫Ѫ졣

Χħαͷζš
ͻȻᵽѪζǰʥٶȥ
ӦһħϢüʿϢԽǿҡ
ħϢһͷǰ֮ӦЩΪ֮
һͷħĻ֣ԭȥ֣ħǰԵû뵽һ
ͨȥ꣬ѸӦϤͻϢǰͷţͻѪҲ΢΢ա
Խһ󣬾ֽиǰӿ˳ħΡǷۼ
ʩչӦκ׿һﴦڶԸһħħȷһͷͻǰ˰ޣƤǽɫëϧ⻢ֻǸãԼħɷɡ
ɣǴɣִ߶Χչֲƣл֣ûצȥ÷ϵɡ
һܷͨѾΪǿҪԸ֣һʲôԭֱֻħ鶼ħɷֵǮʿҲֽҲħҲֵǮ
ͻѪһҶˣɲǶͬѪͻȥˣҲǶѪ
ͻȻһȵȣ㿴һɽ챻ûڲ뻢ϢҲΪɽԸ֣
ԭ뻢ְ⣬һЩڵʯ󷽣һɽڵʯ٣ʮء
治лϢһЩϢӦǸһ˻ش
Ȼһ˲ιһЩʯԼʥסʽ׷Լʬǡ
һ·ˣ̤Ьٴȫѹѽͨ˲䶯˼Ҳ治ıϣɽ
ʿͻɱò£ûж˼ȥעΧ桢ͨ˳ʯһ㿿ʯ
໡
ΧɱĻ֣ͻȻһŭ
֪һɿħɷ緢ɱ̫ͻȻҲ̫Ե֮ɣ


2047 ڰʿϮ
ΪλкڰҪʯԱߣڻͷħŪ
ԭħͨħǸ־ޱߵĺڰ
Ҳû룬ֱڣû뵽һħɷӡҺòǺǿ󣬱ͨһƻ顣
࡭
ƺʯӡƻΧɱͬʱռƣһɲǾȻתʯ˷ֳС
ʯڣ˳ƷӡƬʮû뵽ڲ״һħɷ󷨷ӡһ˲ιкü෨Χкˮɼݶʬǡ
䣡
˿ɲħɷ飬ϽʲôŹҪ˲ι
ˣ׾͵õ˲ιֵǮˣͨӡ˲ι
˸Ͻ뿪ոշڣû뵽һɴѪӣƺڶڵǡ
桢ͨɳ˷ŭ｣ǵãˣҵɽǰʮ꣬ò׷⴦ʯ˲ϢϧΧɱ֣õпδɻʣǾˣֶΣǲ̫ˣǲԼѰ
ӦҺͬǣеʱҲÿʱǺľһвŷ⴦˲ιǸոշ־֣ܵǻԵ
ʴһɣϣҲǻԵΪɱȣǵıʬ塢˲ιҵģ˵꣬ӡ˲ӳɽ֮С
ݣ
ɽ֮һһ׽âƣԼ緭һˡ
һɼɣжŭ

桢ͨоɽˣ졢ͨгԽʵҲɶ£޷ԿɳԽʮľ
ղһͬɽ˻޷ȫѹÿ챻ͨһЩʵﵽɣش̫أǴɶ죬ʵλɡ
λƤ˺Ѳ٣Ϸ̱һЩѪ⡢˺Ƭ֮Ѫףδˡ
һһͨɶ죬һΪ飬λҲ
漸ˣ̫Ҫһɻף
ŭ֮Ҫǰɸˣû뵽ͻȻðޱ޼ʵĺףѻ籩ɱ
ΪǴ桢ͨΧҲǺѻϸһѻȻ̫࣬ҲǧֻΪֲǣЩ·ڷա
ֵܣӡ󷽳һʿ뻢ɱһ֣ŵ
ǡ
桢ͨ濴ȥͷźڰʿǿߣƴѻԼ̼Ϻ˳ڻִǼɱ
˫ɱߣתѻѾסȥ·𺳵ǣں˳ڼڰʿٿ£ѾһǰΧ
ɱȥȻڰʿУ³ܣǿ͵ĳȥ
ɿǺⶦʳģɲɱ㣡
һӰǺ˳֮УͻȻץһﾪ˵צӣ֣֮ݲ˷ͱצץסץȫ飬һɺڰɻצӺӿ
ɻʣ
Ժڰһɻǿߣ
ͨһǰһҲ׼ӳȥˣͷŷ¶誣Ϸɱȥ
ֹסͨɪɪҡͷħɻʵ̫ǿΧʮڰʿټΧ˳ΧǾ߶¶誡ʵҲɻʶ죬һǶԷ֣ǵʱһ·ûУ


Ƭ̼䣬Ӱצסɣ֪࣬ڰǿߵֻġ
ҲĪҶȥιħ棡ͬʱΧֺüڰʿ桢ͨΧסδֱɱ֡
ͳˣ
ڰʿҲΧǺӰצȥһڼˣû뵽ֻʮӣӢһڼ͸Żʽ׷
ٿڼҼ򳤳ǣ֮ǰЩħǿ߲һ
ӢЦţϢΪͳ켶ľͷҪնɱͳ죬²ɻʣΪҲɻʿնɱĴڣ
ûΪɻʿܣ޷նɱͳ죡Ҳͨ˫ţŵòᡣ
лǰȣʱõĻ֣ڼǰ¡
ûԭΪڰʿֲкڰ
ڼޱ鿴ռĺʬʥʯʿ
׳˶ŵôСһռʬʥʯʿʬʬ嵹ûУƬشʿλԼɻʣ
²
ͻȻһȺѻںڼ˫ͫħâʱ𻢹֡


2048 ڰ̳
Ѿ޷ӦֻҪ־壬ѻʹһѪ⣬ʹҿֻܰܡ
ԶƷͨоսս̾ˣԷĺԸԼ˶ǡ
˵ʮڰʿǸźڽǵ꣬ӦԶħ壬뺳йأɻʵԼЩڰȨӦþͳǿߣҪɱ񣡡
ĥһ㣬ѻĳ̫˿ڣѪָֺʬʥʯС
νʯıó
ޱ鸩桢ֲͨħ棬ٹħ
Աһȡһͷ­һķ˲ɳʮֻħ棬ħ桢ͨǳϤأħħʵĹźħʣ̹ħ
ħͷƤǿԷץһƬħϣƤʼѪѡʴ
úţһҪռ㹻ĺʬʥʯԼʬ壬ǻŵ࣬³ͷأһڰǿ߶Իֺһͺǿѹ桢ͨһ˷
ɳʮʮ˴桢ͨɣٶȷһЩ
ͨ˿̿ȥƤò٣ٶ˵ˣõħ棬ħֻдɸ߶ȣȻǱڴԡҿƣħȷҲ£
ħ桢ħв󣬼ʱܻ⣬ĪħᱻԷǵȴʱһ̣漸ڹž޲״̬źڰʿӺڰǿҪǴȥη
ԼȥʮһƬ߼ʺһЩѻʼڸ߿һˡ
淢ֺڰʿܿѻһڰʿֶҲ̫죬ѻ˿£ѻȫѹʿ
ǰһЩʯϡϡӣԽ֮УһʯϽħ桢ħΡſϷ鶼ǡ
ڰͷʯϷû뵽Щÿɢ¶һĵڣԭǺڰʿ֮޾֮УֱЩڣ˭ܷ֣
̽ڣڲͻȻһǶʯĵͨϷȻ磬ڲħѪԼ˲ιζóζء
ˣ
ڰʿȻ֣ԭҲʵӦҲŽͳʵ
ֽףͨ࣬ӦǺڰʿǿߣһ˼޷ǡ
µصܿǻ˼ɣͷħıʯħ
ЩʯɽʱղеģԺڰԨԼ֮Щħ֮ڣҲֻԺڰʿӵС
濴ǱħȴĬĬӦع˽ǺεһħѨ
Ӧ֮󣬲ǳѨӦǺڰһ̳
ˣҸо⴦عмϢӣǺڰʿϰˣʿǰһعˣһЩŮӣҲ֮࣡
ǧĵţǰǵعڡ
һţҲ֮оѺһʿʥɲȣȻмɻʾͷϢ϶桢ͨһħָʴҲħ档
նǿߣǾӢںڰǿУûжԶлӳȥħʿסж
һʬ壬󲿷ʿʬ壬һħʿǺڰʿӦɽΧЩħʿ
ٿǰţһžȻиСҲ֮࣬󲿷ֶͨɡɼʿҲУûбħʴȴħֲҲ޷ж
һڶŮӣƲٶˣȫǵɡɵɾŮʮ굽ʮ꣬òҲûħħڿԡ
ȥ
桢ͨɣڰʿǿ빰ŵع֮У뱻ʿڵϡ
ڰǿߴ󲿷ȥ桢ͨΧһʿܶڵħħʹ࣬ʱʱ̿ĥǡ
ʥɡɻСɻʣ
濴Χ鱻ʿ֮࣬Ӧİٶˡ
ܱʿŸðաĳɫʿڰǿߣ³
仹ɻʡ
ɻ˲һ𣬶ڼţҲǷǳʹ࣬ɿӦΪһ쵽ɻʣϧˣħϰֻ
̲ͨסʣˣֻеȴȥ
֮ǰħʵ̫ǿû취⣬ûлᣬֻûɻʼǿعȻлߣ˽ͨʱ飬ǲ־塣
ͨͰĬĬħ档
ħ桢ħȷλҲ޷Ӧöɲӵвħ桢ħ⡣


2049 ڰ
Ҫعȫ
ͷ츳ӦûκϢѾͿع
ʬپ֮࣬ûжħûħ棬ڵع磬ڰǿռ
ԱعڣŮӡ
ҲʿͨʿҲħƣǵΪһħԼʵûа취ڵعš
һع֮жиСҲǺͨʿӦòɽץġ
ӦعǶȥﱻһò̫ǿ
Խ磬ͷϰħʿϢȻڲмعһиʯңһڰʿЩʵΪڴɡɡ
涼ڰϢδ˿ֲعκһ䶼Ժڰ
ɻϢ𡭡
ɵĺߵ
ʱӦ룬һ̳ΧΣӦǺڰʿƽʱ֮ء
󷽾ңһħɻʣǸڼ꣬ͷҲкڽǣΪ֮ǰǸڼ΢СһЩһߡ
ƺħ
ҲǸڼ˸ոջȻϴ裬Ůӷֱ̣ڷŮӿһӣŴ·뿪ҡ
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ɿں«ڣҲͷоȷ¶Ķ࣬Ժڰ磬ֶײУҲѶԸֺڰɻʣ
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ЩͨŮӡиСŵɫ԰ףûһ໥š
һڰʿͷͣˣʮʱ䣬ȥħͥץģΪͥɱѰǵǿߣǿץǧˣ
ǰĺܺãҪץ˹ڼͳӻ֣뿪ع
濴Щ㷲Ůӣˣɳڰǿߣͥ˷ץˣ
ӦǵģǰءǧɽĺˮţЩڰʿӦöˣԸ࣡һ̣ڰʿץôŮӣ·ͨȥܶɻ
ͳˣʣ
ʱعǸߣڼͳ챧ȭ
ҲǲܿԼ˵һŮ֮ͷһѡŮҲʮӡ
ŮӾͱڰʿѺߣڵع֮С
ţڰɻǿߣ͸ԴŮص󷽵ңħŮٻŮ裬˫аħħ֮УŮɸʬ
ɶ񡭡
λǵһμڰʿŮħӶŮǻʻһţյ֮µĺڰ̳
ŮںڰʿУվħ±ŮӣЩСи³
ҪǾȳȥúһǿͷ
ϧɻڳһٶڰʿЩʵǿĪ⣬ȴʱ
ĺǣʿвɱˣӦӦҲܿع龰ǼЩŮûһȥעĬĬԿħħ档
˴ӵع֡
ڰʿɼĶ֡
̳µعȴ죬ڼͳ߲Ż֣ϢǿһЩΪŮħԵʡ
ͳ죡
ڰʿڼͳ¹
źڼͳ£һڰʿ㱨ϻħڡЩħȷϵɽԺڰҲ֪ͨͳ죬ħҪмɽͳ죡
ڼͳʵħҪЩͳ죬Щڰ֪кĿģ
⵹ûо˵ͳǿᵽħɽħϣǺԸܶʿɱɽԸǺڰħſ԰ǶԸЩʿ
ħֻһͥһħЦǿЦΪͥǵһħ;ÿҺڰħ֪Һڰǿ󣿡
ͳ˼
ȵţͳô죬Ըȥħţ͹ȥ֣
ڼͳζһ˿ɱȻЦħűУͳҲˣҾ͸ǺڰԼ飬ȥɽ߶ˣ
ɽߣ
һĵع֮УӦͳ죬ᵽɽ֣˲亹ëֱ
ﻹɽߣ
һڰʿɳЩֵܣǱںɽ߳ûЩ󣬿ɽ߾ǿߣץѹǿߣƺɽߵȷҪɽһҪкڰʿһħšϻħЩħ֣Ҳһץһ


2050 
ɽߡӦҲ֪ħҪЩڰͳ죬һҪסɽ߶˾Ȼҵõ˱ħߵӳ֣Щͳ춼ܵõǰٳ裡
õ˱ħϻߵӳ֣
Կ϶ǾǶħΪǿ£һս˱ħ˵־ɽǰҲһħ׷ɱĳϣҲλɻʰˣأõ˱ħ־ӳ֣͵ڵõħߵЩͳԹںͳƣȻҲҪ˱ħͷдͳ죬Լ˱ħһǿħߣɰչأҲҪ˱ħ˵ĺ
˱ħ־Ȼˡ
ڰʿһʱ䣬𺳵þ޷ع
һ̣Χع֮УŶ䰵
̾ϴǺڰʮߣ»а˱ħսƺ٣
ˣ˱ħ뺳һĴڣս־ɽһҲѰ
ɿҲܲ죺ǵʱźħ־ħ棬ʱźħƺ뺳ͬȵλĴڣЩڰ綥߽ɽ֣һʲô鷢
ħ֮һĹźħʣ
ڰʮߵĺߣ
Щǿ־ͥƺԤʾźڰд󶯾
ɽ֮ǰ滹Ϊڰʿ࣬Ҳ֮ǰЩ
ɽڰʿѹ̳һ֪һ̳ϰٺڰǿߣɽͳ죬Ҳ˵ɽ֮Уٻкüڰͳ죬ǧڰǿߡ
ʱһڰʿʵˣ˱ħϺµһͽ־ͥǲζǺڰ磬Ҫʽɽ磿ɽ翪ս
ڼ˼ãҡҡͷҲֻһͳ죬Ϸдͳ죬ˣԼħǺߣͨͳǲ֪߲㣬˱ħ־Ҳٶȷд·Ǽȥдɽ
ǣ
վȥ
ڼץŮʹ͸ˣϲæͷȥ
ʱڼ걧ȭˣĪǺڰ磬µݷҪЭ飬ʽ̤ɽ磿
ɽǳ£䲻ȷҲпǰҪ׼ӳ֣һ淢£һдϽ磬ҲֺǣĪ
żɵ֮ɫڼͻȻʼӡ
Χع
һ˶ԻЩ޷Ӧ
ڰҪʽ̤ɽ磿
ˣɽ绹аԣ
ͿɽԼΧЩڰʿѸͥ⣬ڰ֣һͥø
Ҳȥܵĵġ
ˣ
һħɷ֮ǳǿҴعһ̣ΧٱʿԷֶһͬͷŸӦ
Ҫʼˣ
ʿҡͷ־˵
ƺЩ֪ᷢʲô
쳣ħɷعϮ
Ӧڼ߽ӡ֮·̳ȻֺɫУһϤĺڰ֮š
Ҫúڰ֮桢桢ɿԼͨڰ֮ðǱʶ뷨
ڰ֮һ֣ΧЩڰǿ߶һٶ˾ۼڵعΧַ׷׹¡
ڰ֮źܿ͸һɰڰ֮һЩƵģɢΧڰʿʼɣҲʿʬŲڰ֮ΧǺڰ֮ںڼͳ£Ҳʼʬ
Լֹȥ£ʬ嶼Ϊʬûн·иҪ飡
һ̣кڰʿһŮŮСƹˣΧعʣһ֡
ڰ֮ŴղԽһЩϷڰϢһĴ죬һ
ΡȻһ÷ӡͽȥ
ΧڰʿʩչӡΪһɫħɷӡǣһŮӡиסȻȻڰ֮Ѻȥ
һҽУһŮͱڰ֮治ˣٺӡŮиŶӣڵȴűڰ֮š
ڰ֮žһʣһУ֪
ȻǴ֮ţЩȻ͵ڰǿߣʱĳӦ̳
֮Щ˲ٻŻ²ҽСģҲûãԱڰ֮ɡ
ҪǣʿͷŸӦĬĬһУ󲿷˽޶ԣмŭȴҲܳȥˡ
ЩСŮŮţɣүȴû֡

˫۾һ˫кȵɿͨ׼־ˣ˾ɺڰ֮ţڰ磬ڰ֮ţζ
⡭У͸ƾˣͨ
ɿӦ˾;ˣ˺
һ̣ĿΪˣͨɭɭ¶誡ɻúã÷Ը󲿷ǿߣɿԸڰɻʣҪסʱ䣬ȻƸ«֮У


2051 ͦӪ
ͨھͲаֳɣʩչڰʿڵħ桢ħ⡣
ٿħԾٶƤѪʧΪʩչѪħħ֮Уٽóɫ߷ѪѪʼȷգϲħʼʧ
ʮϢ
ƴˣ
ಣ
ͨͻȻһӰӣ֮ͻأĳعڡ
ףع֮ٱʿԾȻͨȻƣһ˳
عڰʿǿأɣǴΪǸоʲôͻȻתȴһơ
䣡
ͨһץڰʿԴΪ֣ͨϾͨʵѾﵽɡ
ع˲ʱͨɱͬ飬ͷħΧͨڵͨ˴Ȼ಻Ǻڰħħ棬˼
ಣ
عڲӡͻȻʧһڰʿɱڶ
үүҪɱ䣬պЩڰʿлܣͨųͳЩڰʿ
Է٣Ҳ٣һڰﶯޣͨ߳ҧ
ͨһЦӺһԽɱ

ħɷڳɻ֮£һ˲䱻ʮڰʿɡ
ɻʣڰʿɻ̫Եܿ⡣
عͨɱõضɽҡ֮ʡ
沢δɱȥΧʿѾ𺳵ʼ취ħͨɱȥĻᣬƴһѴӳȥ
澹ȻתޱĮȻĺȵͬ壬ȴȣȴӳȥ
һ߷ǳߣСӣֶ֪Σƾʲôȥڰǿ߶Կѱʣ°ȥ
ʵһ֣ȫӳȥȴԼԼڻߣ
ಣ
ո˵꣬ͻȻƾһߡ
ߵɴ۾ɱƬ̼䣬ûٶȡͱһȭԴ
һɻǰ
ɻʵҲûߣû뵽С
ΪˣҲпʵֻǱħ桢ħĥΪɻʾҲȣӴ˾ͳΪҵĿܣ˵꣬ץһƹâ
طȻɣǿʳܸıʲôһɶΪѹҵȣ
һɻʾȻ߶Ҫ֡
֣ͱһƺ«ƾճŵòᣬۿԼƺ«۽ѹơ
ǡ
֮ɽ磬һŵϱ
ƺ«
ɻʷ·һ̣֪ΪһɣҶԺڰʿ֣ɻ֡
ɺް׹Ѿˣ֪桢ͨħħƣ֪˷һɻʣǺ
һϧǶͬȣûж࿴һۣĮȻӹЩǿߵаħһ־ѹƺ«˲С
ƺ«һ쾹Ȼˣ
Χʿƺ«Ŀ£
ǻߣƺ«ȵȻٷɳ⴦ع
ȻЩ˲ȻƶֻʵֱħħףмǱӳع
һ̣عмڰʿͳɱ󷽵عӳЩڰʿע
ǾߣǹǳڰǿߣɨһۣҲع֮С
滹ʣٶŮ޷վͻȻɱΪǺڰǿǣŵ໥Է
һԲ߶ƸͽһŮ«֮У޷Ժܿ챻«롣
ͻȻڰʿӦǷֲԾع˼һĻˡܽɽŮӶ«֮У
ƺ«ӪһŮͬʱҲ⿴ڰʿ֣ɱն
΢࣬ЩŮӣǺڰʲôǲ᲻ɽ硢ץŮȥڰ磬֡й
ɱ
ڰʿŭ˵꣬ɱŰԵħɷĳɲһ㷨ħ
ħһ֣·ڻƵģӿħһħɷ·Ҫ룬á
ݣ
һɫӰӣ󷽼ʱӶ
꣡
̼䣬ڰʿħȻһâпΡ
ɿ󡭡ڰʿҲͬˡ
ȡСɿٶȣ˲ϢȥΪĺڰʿͨɱʹš
գ۾ʬ嵹¡
ȥ֧Ԯͨг¶ɻʣҪԸôɣɻҲף
ɿתһɫӰʧڵع
ƸϽŮУʮϢ󣬲ŽٶŮŲ«ռ䣬عȣֺЩʿȹϻæѰҳ·ڰʿʱʱɱʿʬȡ


2052 Ϊ
һعڣﻹиСٶˣƸɡ
ȾǣȾǣղǴˣ磡ʱʿ·عˣ
ӣ
һڰǿͻȻ׷һɡ
ڰɣ
һ׳¶Ųס׳˶⣬澪ú«ˣĿħɷնԳХЩɶҺڰսƷҪТڰ𣡡

˵ħΧգһʿԴԪ飬ԭǱħѹ顣
ɵ
ɱ
Ƹȥˣתָһһӻɱȥ
һ˲䣬Ҳ׻ɱһɣħǿΪԽܷճɻҡ
ûУСħ棬㽫ħ顢ɢһǺڰɱȥ
飡
ԷҲͲ޷ѹһܣһƾСɱһ𣬺ײըСû£ڰɲɣұҲ˲ѡ
ɣҴʵҪɱ治ףҵСɱûиԷϢᣬŶԷұϣ֮ʣִ߶Сɱȥ
һ̵棬·صڷ磬λǿߣһǿƷնɱǸǿߡ
ڰץһһƶ೤Ǵ̣һʥħﵽ۷壬׷һС
ֻǲһǴ̷ûлС񣬷ڰԼٴɣСʱ繫ţŭüײ
ڰȫ߶Ǵɱһ̥׷ϧСײУһɽ˲û˺ڰɡ
Ƿ̥ףǺڰһ̶ΪƬԼѪС顣
ڰ̥׾£һֺڽƬĥ֯ɣӦ÷ͬһ㡣
֮ΪԼԱޱȾ˵ķȻСüײ̥ײ飬ͬʩչķйԼ˲仯ΪѪҡ
ֻնɣ
ȴ޶ԣԼʵֶţԴΪ߶Сѵ޷ɱһλɲɣ
߶Ƹʣµĺӡи룬ûȥʿʮϢ󣬵عһʣתƵ«ڡ
ͷһʶ«ռ䣬ٶ˾սսۼһͷŸɡ
óٵҩԼͨѪ̷ǲõģһ뿪ħ
ЩŮСиȻ뵽治ħʿǵģŸϽµҩ湪͡
ʶع鱾һ̤عȣ֮ǰӳʿѾڰնɱ󲿷֡
ǰع¡¡Уըһһ㣬໥ƶ˿ɱͨɵĹ
һЩڰʿʱʱعɱħͷŸӦ㿴ʮڰʿΪ࣬λΪڰɻʴ£Χɱͨ¶誡ɿ
ҲɻʣƲδָҲ͸ɻһЩʵͣȻԷɻʶ۷ʵΪڶ쵽ɻ죬۲ࡣ
ǰʱԨǼɱԴ߶⻯˻̻صأɱСҲֻǿֵƣ桢ͨ޷۽֣ʱصȻСҲ޷𵽱á
۶ôǿڰͳʵ󣬻ɻʣΧڰҲ٣ʩչϻ֮Χ֮һּѹŴ
÷¶ǷߣҲвͨҲǸ˾ͷɱɻΪġ
ͨʩչħԼħ׻û赲һδιɿѰһᣬٶȹΧڰǿߡ
ڰɻˣ˿ڻԣǱɿ͵Ϯ֣ϧûһնɱ
Ƭ̼䣬վ֮ȴûʱȥӡ
ƶСɱ֮ʣСع
عΪڰɡɡԼɻըΧʯعطԿȭͷѷ죬ҿֲڵҪǸ忪һֲ
һɱһɣ
عԼʮɣʱʱ˸ͷħɷƵһڰʿ˲䷢ԦСɱ
ŭһԾѣͨ¶誡ɿչֳֶΣԴ˴С𺳡
ֳһǴ̣ڰʿӵعɱֳּڰʿ
ΪȻλɣֻҪǴɾʿҽʵɱ
ûֱӴ߶С񣬷ԽСȫžը죬ȭͷɱȥֱۼʯһ͵ľˡ
ڰʿùǽɱ֮ʣٶ֮죬ǱȲȭͷԼ󷨡
ȭͷԽǽһ̵һߣޱȣֻһȭͷкڰʿţֱɱһѪһȭѾ顣


2053 ɱɱɱ
һ֮еĴɣλɣʵֵСģع֮ųˣǺ»ǺڼףǴɣһһɾͷ
󷽺ڰɲУڰɣѪѪҺڰΪУҺڰū
С񣡡
ɱһڰɣһû˼ʵɱˣþ뿪ħ
һ̤ڰҲ߶ħǹɱħǹɳ̳ǹλҪͷ­ơ
СһԱ߷ɳ˫ֱħǹȥ
·֣֮¡һ𣬾ȻС˫ֺڰֻһ˼ҪСȫС֣Сһƹħǹ˲顣
εȿܣƷ˾ˣʥ۷ħλڰɿħǹ飬𺳵
޷ŵһĻ̷̫͹СʵԾ֮ǣϺڼɣ۵ͻѪ֮СУʬ鲽һ
ڰɣȻû뵽治СҲԵޱȡ
ʥħεƷʿܣ
ͻƴɶ죬ʵ楡ʱǿһ࣬߶СȻȵʱҲǿһ˲ɱλɣ沢δûмֵ⣬ֻŪʵж಻
ڰһץһڻʽƷʵħһڴ󵶣һɶ೤
ǺܶƬƴɣûе泤ĵ棬̶̵ĵоڴ󵶺ر
ڰһǰֻҺڰʿɱɽʿȻʿڱǰֵնɱСӣɽ磬ɱһˣ㽫ΪҵսƷնɱ֮ҪʬãغڰԶ
бɱңȻҲûгֶ֣Էһɣʵ
̣
źڰɳħɷ뵶ںϣ󵶽ԻΪһֺƷ״̬ſֲ綾
һɱſֲ綾ơ
濴ɵʵԴΪ޷
֣˵ʱʱ죬СһֻƵȥպýסĵ档

Իʽ׷֮ɱоƣڰЦݣƺԼΪʽƷʷԽС飬ҲԶơ
ײ֮󣬵澹Ȼɣû֮ǰʥħǹ֣̫һ
⣡
ڰף˲оС񾿾ô
ϧѾˣС̤һֺֻɨۣڰþһͨ
䣡
գۣڰɾͱֱۣķѣһɣǺڰǿߣҲвСһ֮
ҲΪĪϵڻǸʥ޷߶СɱһڰɣͻƴɣʵͨСƿصԴնɱɡ
Ӻǰ֮ң𵴵عХкڰʿţ쵲ߣɱɱɱ
һ࣬ݵţħ̣ɲǼ䣬عַ֮ˣڰɡ
ţҺþûˣһΣûȫɳͿСݺײȥ
Ƽڰǿߣ֮ǰЩһûнһɷУɣҲںǿߣɻʡ
СײǾɱ֪СǼһ˲ͽڰײ࣬ŵúɱĺڰɣоһš
ɱ
Сžһ̤
ڰ÷ǷѵһСһŽǲ飬ɡ
ڰɣŵߣѾˣСһֻţȳһƬ
ͨСģҸһˣ
ֳˣǴ߶С񣬶ץƺ
ڲΧͨȻ֪ʲô˼Ͻ׼š
ֳƸ΢΢һģƸͻΪһƶƯڵعڴ«ֲ۽׷Զѹյع֮κνγɵԼʬ塢⡢Ƭڲʯȵʡ
ǵعΧСո˲ɱڰʿ֫飬зƬȱƸһ롣
һɲǣƸŵعڲعڲʡһŴ޲ǿŤתС«ڡ
ģϿռ䷨
ڲعΧɱͨЩڰǿߣһϮסˡ
кڰǿߣ֮УŲ²һռ䷨
عڲκʡƸɣڰʿǴΪƱͨˣڵعԵϢ
ң޷ߡֿƸ۽׷ίʵֲƬ̼伸˾ʯһƸɡ
Щŵĺڰʿڲڲ鷨ӳ


2054 
ǵ۽׷ƺ«֮ǰɻʣʩչҲܺƺ«ÿ˶оɿƬ
ֻϢ
عڲһ¿տյͻȻƸֲٺڰʿϢͷš
ಣ
ӰƸ̶һɫ
ˣ
ͨŷ¶誡Ƹ״ɱ
һ̣ΧһڰʿǶҿƸ۽׷
ɻʱУҲӳ˭ðɱ
˻֮ٴαڰʿΧǵع룬ɻʴһС
ͳ챻Ƹ𺳣εȷ˵ãͷ˿ֲ۽׷
СģĪ⿿һɻ߶Χʮڰʿ´
֮ǰʮˣʣʮˣܻĶǺڰ羫Ӣʿ
ڰͳ쳣ŭɨ桢ͨͥ꣬òɽӪһصأȻƻ
һɻŭǳĻ£ղǣ
ͨһСԱߴţȫû˵ģǿɲǣе£ƣ
֡
ڰͳͻȻֹϢҲʧƺ֪ƸǼϷ
ʱǿгɱƶһһӰ졣
ڶ̶̼Ϣ桢ͨ¶誡ĬĬɵʱ׼ƴʱͳ쾹Ȼ֣ʾԺڰǿǾ£
ѵˣҪ뿪ɣ
һĻһʱƣֺ£ԷɻһĴڣǼ֣ҲĶ֣ưոݣ
˶ĥ벻͸
кڰʿѾۼڰɻΧ
ڰͳ죬¶Цݣ֪ΪǱ֮ΪڰʿҲһ£Ǻڰʿģ
ͻȻߣԼڰʿϷﱻһȭһڣȻһܵ
ᣡ
Ȼ˻֪ͳ쾿ҪʲôԲҶ
ڰʿһ붴УʣºڼͳԼɻߣӸ¸ˣͬʬ壺ǱӪõħ÷ǳȫдħ桢ڣ˿Ѱδǣ׼һ֣Ƿһ˹صأǺ֮£ҽ飬·ºڰ޹εģȻʰǣ
⣡
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ϧѾˣڰͳһΧʯϣͻȻֲħӡ
䣡
عصϷʼըʯըǴ̵ü˶޷ſ˫ۡ
ħף
ͨæץħףûһɶ󣬱ڼϷ
ȻϷʯ׹䣬ὫˣɱǱըҲǳ£ǲҲƤ
һ̶ħ֮Уħǻʽ۷巨ӲȲõģħ֮Уħױʯͷѵ𵴣ЩͷĿѣ
ԼʮϢ涯С
ͨͷҴħ׿棬ȻǺһƬֻһЩ΢ʯͷһ˿˿ۿԴſʮ׶Ƿ棬ʯӦܼĶһƬûһ˿ߡ
Ѿ٣û̫ûǳɫʣһλصȡ
ΪǣΪ֮ǰعȣԼعֻһЩխʯ϶ͨһЩˮӦǾȻϷĺࡣ
ҲΪĺˮ͸֪úͻὫΪһأӲȥֻ·һ
ǱӳȥԵģ˿Ҳûʲôð취Ҳƽһտ
ͨħ׻ûħԽСΧʯӿõħʧʯҲͣ˱Χ޴ʯѹţûһߣһЩعʯȻһЩ󣬵̫΢֮⡣
ಣ
¶ͨ뷨֮С
̫ж㣬ɿǰ·ͷŽɫΧһɾۿ
ϲ㲻֪ߵײܵڡ
Ҳһعʮڰʿۼźڼͳȴš
ڰͳͻȻΧڰʿɽ磬ռʣղǼϣвǲǾ棬ҪҪʬںֻںǵķһȥһȥѰǼˣ
ǣ
ʮڰʿ·һܵȥ棬ʣ¸·΢𵴵ܵȥ
ڰɻŸȥ
ɻߣǵĵͳ죬ԭƻԸɽߣ˭֪֣ʧһ󲿷֣ɽ֪ڴһϹԸǣѹձ࣡


2055 ɱ
ɽɽͳ죬һͳɽкڰ֣õħţΪһǿߣ˭ԸΪûõ˱ħ־ϿɵʱֻһħŵɻʰˣʵȻǸУ
ڰһҲ֮ɫصǴ˵õ˱ħ־ӳ֣ҪģҪĺϾǺڰ磬ͳ죬ǿߣ˱ħҲ֪ЩͨͳĴڣɽ磬ִҲռôģԺصڰ磬ҲԻĸңǮȥһͳ쵱汻ɽձ࣬Щͳ죬ʲôô̵ģŮ˶޷ܣ
˲ףô˵ͳӦöԸ⣬ѡ񳼷ɽߣ˭Լ汻˶ȥɽͷ
ԺҪǱȻģôͳɽ磬ΪǺڰǰɽнͨȴԺҺڰͦɽ磬ûд٣ǻܹһЩӣ
һͳģúɽߵóѣ
֪㲻뱻ɽѹռɽΪҪʲôʲôħšϻħЩħҲֻܰǺôǣ
һЦԸٶȽ¿ռ䡣
֮£ֲָɿͷ⣬桢ͨҲǲСĴʯ֮䴩ݡ
ӵĺڰʿڸɿͷŸϢҲɱ
һЩطѾ൹ϡﻩʯʪ潥ѪȣҲһЩõζ
ˣ
ͻȻϢͷţ澪ǰмڰʿ֣͸ŲԶ
ǿߣ
ͨڻ֮УܸӦڰʿ
֮ǰħħɷʯԼħɷűһü˸ӦԷʲô
ʵһ̣淢ֺڰʿϢ֮ͨӦںϣȻЩڰʿܻΪ磬Ϊϸ꣬ڰںϣ۶޷ڰ֮еĺڰʿ
ǾǺڰƵģںڰ֮пٴУϢڰһģһڰ֮УǺڰʿ̫츳Ӧһ˲ںڰ֮зֺڰʿ
Ȼ˶һͷ·׺ڰʿںڰӦԣԼҪԣ·ںڰ֮УʵΪˡ
ԽԽΧûжռߣʱɱǲߣȻֻ沫ɱѰǣҲвЩҲҵʬ壬߱
ҸоǺܲ򵥣Ϣ׿Χڰռ䣬ƿڰںһ𣬺ԷˮһɣͨӦԷ򵥣Щץǰ
һ̣ڰʿѾǰҲʮɾ룬ʯѾɱ
ǰڰ֮У˺ڰʿڷ桢ͨϢ
С񣡡
־ɱУСķɳͻΪͨ˴Сպܴӷ֮пɱ
Ӧ츳ں£ںڰ֮УڰʿϢںڰ֮УС糤˫ۣԼԿڰʿλã䣬һʹǰ徢˵һɶԶ
ɳ徢֮дħħѪǱСɱȥնɱĺڰʿɱһֲ
ˣˣۿڰ֮޷ӦΧ
ͳΪ۾ץɽȻڰʿ˶ɣںڰ֮У桢ͨڣ·ܾ׼λãΧʯ֮УԦźڰϮ
֪֮ͨͨһħɷǰǰ
Сɱһڰʿ
СնɱһɣƫƫڰʿӦ֮ǰʶСǰħ
Щڰʿ̫ˣ֪Сڵһʱܣڰǿִһɱħħʯһͬڰ֮Уͨ޷жôֲ
Ӧ߶СΧɹ赲һơ
ͨԱߣŰ˷ܿǣǾäˣ
ݣ
СΧһһ鹥ƣͻȻһЩѪ⣬罣ںڰ֮ʱʱ̳
漱æӦȥЩѪ⾹ǴӺڰǿϣļӰ
ӰƲǷ⻯һӵѪζʬԼչķϢ
æ뵽һֱʬʥʯ
ɿڼţʱ׼ɱһ˫ͫͷâӦúʬʥʯƳĿܣˣģħǿúʬʥʯƶɵĿܣԶһƿ֮лӵЩڰǿ־
ڰʿ߶ʬʥʯ·ΪƵģֲɱС񹥻ſһħ棬ħҲﵽɸ߶ȣԶǼ˴вǳ¡


2056 
ˣҵģȻǺʬʥʯܣӵкڰʿ־ƣܶС񹥻ٶûҿ죡
ʬʥʯʩչһڰʿڰвɱСһδιǽܡ
ʱ˿ɿչֳҲΪʵɿ
С񹥻ʬʥʯܣԼڰʿǿߵͬʱɿ󲻵ٶʩչ£ںڰ֮У츳ܸӦɿںڰ֮УԶκʯҷɿԽһЩ϶ɱʬʥʯܡ
ԭɿںڰ֮УҲͬڰǿһӵо˵ҹֲġ
꣡
¡
ϢС񲽲ɱ桢ͨʱֿܱƲʩչɹƣȻɿٶȣʱܣƬһͽһܵԴ
ʧȥڰǿ־ƣʬɢγɱըʬʥʯ顣
꣡
Ǻ䣬ڶʬʥʯɿƬпƬǶˡ
һСٴɱڰʿ
ԭҪɿָӦмڰʿٲնɱЩڰʿһɻʼľͷ٣ֻбΧɱһ³
СȥԸڰʿ·ʲôǰںڰ֮жԸڰʿͨԭء
ಣ
һȥ
ʱΧǺڰСڰʿγɵĿ𵴣Ѿһ֮ʲô
ӦȻһЩû뵽û츳Ϊںڰ֮Уĺ֮ͫгһЩ˿
Щ˿֮ٿǰڰ棬Ȼڰ缸һʽ״̬øӦܿڴŵʯ϶ڰʿӡٶȡ
洦ں֮УͫȥҲ濴ĳһģһȻֱͫҵ츳డĪӡ֮д֮ͨһͫ
沶׽ΧһУԼһ̿ʼǹӵõӡǣҾһֱͫտʼҪ֮ͫϸ΢ľ̫̫ѣųپʥ̤ɣſЩͫ
˫ͫһ̽˿ʱʱЩҫɿ󽫵ʬʥʯܻ飬ڰʿΧΪɱγ𵴣طڱҵĺˮࡣ

֮汳ȿںڰ֮ȥ
һڰʿħһδСͻȻһʿԾ֮࣬һɱȥ
䣡
һɱȴͨɽɽ
գ۾ͽԷħ飬֮ͫЩɫ˿ߣȻһ·Ϊ档
߲ͫף
ŽԷ飬һܵ𵴣һδ߷ͫʩչͫ
߳壡
׷·ͬޡŤĲʺ磬˫֮ͫаȥ
ۣ
߲֮·ڰֹڰĿɿڴ޷ӦףãȻͨģͱţըѪ
˻ûֻˣ
ȴڴ˼ʣ˱߲׻У𺳣Ϊ֮壬ȫѹκδɣˡ

һ΢΢ɫˡɺ󷽷ɹԴ벱ӵһΪ
ٺ٣ˣϣԻɱκɣԭɿڵȴˣ϶ɱɡ
ʬ
һ̴ˣžеĲͫԵҲŴɶ죬ںڰ֮ʩչȻ˵һΪﵽǿߣ
͵õУδʹãȭҲֻùΣȻǿ󣬵Ǹоܷ
ΪɣԶʱڵǿ߾磬ʩչһЩԼһЩ
Դɶǿߣ
ʵ޷ǿ۷ʵҲͿȴ۷壬˵һһʿͿԾͷ
ʩչκη£޷ԴΪɱɡ
ȻһξȻûд߶ǷɣһͷȻӡǴͨһˡ
ӡǵԶԶʩչĸ߶ȡ
ಣ
ͫԼ֮ٶȣڶڰʿϮԷһ˼ɵС񣬼ԷĴڣû뵽һɽӵҹ
߲ף
󷽣˫ֺݺݵһӣһ
ڰʿŷֲԾתһ˫ɫͫȻһ̣ͬľͷ۾оĳ־
ڿ̣֣ϴͫһ̣ͷâԺڰʿԣںڰ֮꣬ͻȻҫ̵۾ڶʱ޷ӦͫӵжԺڰһƵ
𣿡
ֻͫһžֻͨڴ߶ͨ


2057 ͫ
߲ױ׷꣬ҵõ˲Ҳδն١
ͫҲһŴͨͫ߶߲ףͨںһ𣬾γһͫͫҲһͨˡ
ڰʿȫŲ˫ʶħɷͷӬԭشת
һɿ˾ʱ̣δƬſͻΪһɫâǺڰԴҧ顣
ɿݷ̶ȣ۷ʥ׷ȻʽףͨһʵܽһλԴҧ飬Ҳġ
ˣղʩչͫ·һ˲䣬ڰΪģΧʮɽԻΪһƬɫâռ䣡
Դȥɿֽʬϣȶ˵ڰʿԼԦҹڰΪһ壬ͫƽɫڰʿһʱ޷ӦľͷԭأűҧԴ
ͫڰǿڿռ䣬ԻΪʮɽɫâռ䣿û򵽣ͫ߶֮󣬶˾˳ֻǾһɱˡ
䣡
һʣһڰʿû˰£޷ԸС񣬱Сشձͨնɱ
ɿղʩչͫһ̣Ҳڰв׽ڰʿһһĶҿӦò಻󣡡
˵ɱڰ磬ɱаħǿͫٽɿղ˵һĻ߸պ໥Ӧֲߵݺڰ磬һ˫ͫȥκκڰԨ⣡
ͫ𺳣˸Ϊʵ
ӡһʩչͫӵЧ˲һʧȥֿСЧԡ
ಣ
Χ𽥱룬ڴʱǰж֣Ǹڰʿǿɱ
˵ز˾̫ãǸϿߣ֮СҲ֮УȻִ߶ͫ
ͨɿΧʬѾͨߣ˫ͫ˸һ˿˿âһͫȻ֮ܿκη䣬ûӦɿҲһϴѷ졣
ɫٶҲΪͬӦһͨ棬ͨ޷ӵͫҲܸϢӹ档
ɿںҹ֮ͫͫ·࣬ͫЩȲϡ
Ҳһ㣬ɿ֮УԨЩڰռ䣬ڰʿ࣬ڰʿҹһֻܿҹ֮еһУ۾ȴ޷ӵͫͨ
ڰʿɿҹֻһּ
ȻͫͲͬˣһҲһͨͫѾԽɿ󡢺ڰʿҹ
桢ɿ·ͷͫ״̬£һ˫۾ʱʱһɫǣ֮һз棬ƹʯѷ֮зɳֶࡣ
Ӵʱɿһںҹ֮еĹ
ͻȻ˵ɻʼʮڰʿϢ·Ѱ
ۺϸӦΪ츳ͨ
ɲǣоľ̫ͨ÷·ʯЩ׷ɻʣ׷Ϣܸǣ
֮ǰǻǣڸֵǳζ
߲ץǰϡﻩӶ¡¡Χʯѷ˲𵴡顣
˲һνһȥѿزҲڷǰͨ޼᲻ݡ
Լ㣬ŵζȻڵ¾ޱ̹
࣬˲ѷɳʯɲһƬʯ档
ͨɿҲ̳ȴϢһ仰ͬʱҲࡣ
ȻǶʮڰʿɱԭϷкڰʿãתȥ
ڰʿ׷ᣬȻ˲£ɿû壬һɣ桢ͨϣٶһЩջڰʿ֮еɣٶȲࡣ
˫ں֮УһṦͷɳʮû뵽ʿ֮ȡһʬʥʯͻȻ֣Ϊᱦģֶʮڰʿһˡ
Һڰʿֻ棬Щʿల£һûбڰʿϡ
һڰɣں󷽰׺׷ɱײŭȣܱǸˣ
ߣӿɿҵٶȿ֮ߣֶܼãΣһɶɿ̫˼飬ٶȴһ죬ﵽ졣
ٶȼֱ죬ʩչ֮Ҳܴﵽ㾪˵ٶȡ
ɿ棬ɿӵв컯ڣʱʱ̿ʯҩʬ壬޾ٶ츳Ķ
ڰȻ޾ʩչٶȣΪ̣Ȼٶȣܴﵽ㾪ˡ


2058 żᱦ
ְʱ
޷ֱ淽ĺͻȻϲ˵ϴǰʮﴦмرǿ󣬻ʮʿɻʣǿԳȥ˵ǿ߿԰ǶЩڰǿߣ
ɿǷȥԽһͨӣٷɹɽǰգȻһԵħԼԼͷţԼһЩâ˸
Ī챦ɣͻȻֲֿɻʣ˫Ե޹ʾͽ֣ǵħԣһַâһ
ٷǰѾħ緢Ŀֲش桢ͨо˼ʮˣɡɡԼɻʵϢӿҴ󲿷ֶħǿߣʿֻʮˡ
һɿϢϢƶɻʵĴҪǰֲ
ǰһз·һ㣬Ƶ˸Ȼһ׹һ޴䡣
ͷһڰʿ׷ˣɿϾͳ˳֮С
ƤŪ˿˿˺ѣɼɱô£֮һֲּ˳֮УͬʱҲǧףһһħͷŽ⣬ñħǿΧɱ
Ǵħϣһ֮УȻһԹâ·֮ںһɽ
ϢǳϣԣǽιһǲĴڣ
ʲôǹǷǿܣͨħܣ½ιȷҲ뿿ΪΧЩü𶼽ɻʵмħɻΧɱá
׷ˣʱ䣬Ǿͳȥ
ȴ󷽣һڰ趯ˣ˫һᣬɿ˳֮С
׷
һڰɣЩԼɻʣǶǳԽǵĴڡ
Щڰɱ԰Ŀ⣬ȻһûнɻʷУſֲ˳
䣡
û뵽һ
ǿΧɱħõﵽɸ߶ȣֻǽˡ
ɿ޷ȥɸ߶ȵĳƷ桢ͨҲ󷽡

ͨͷһħףͲͬǼͨɣһͨסٲס桢ɿ
̫ʱˣʱͨǼ˻ᱻ󷽣Ǻ󷽾һڰ׷ɱÿá
ͬڰǰҲԽԽѣǼ˺һЩѾʮɾ룬Ϊɸ߶ȳѾڰɶɱ
Ǻÿүħ׵ͨͻȻЦ˫һħףͨħɷںϣȻΪħ档
ħںһ𣬻ΪһڰħУһӣĸڰ˳ԼٶȺɱȥ
һ̫ڲɱγɵԸڰɡ
ڰʩչԸħɷ籩ԶԿ籩ƵһκˣԳɱϡ
ǿƶֿЩǿ߶ԸħãⳡҲǾĶǡ
ͨħһǰ
ȻԶмʿоħǿߡ
עħһһҪȡǽιȴ˿ⷽ
ħǿͫһһ˾ϲѣǸħʿ߶ħףƷ治
ǰӦǻʽ۷壬ȴ֮еĵ۽׷һħУɾڣκɣ໥֮󣬾Ȼȥ
͸Ųɾ룬ͨ˲濴Ǽ˶
ͨƲƲ죺⣬Ǽ˹ΪⱦģǶħɣ֪ħ׵Ĳ
кڰʿ׷ɱǰħɱᱦӿɲǺ۸ģ߶ħףͨҪǰЩħֽ֡
ħ׶ŸħݺͬžžħףϢħɱ˫ۿħף·ǽιøˡ
ȡ̰Ŀ£һħǿߴ߶ɽɱɽ

ħףǷ·Ҫ桢ͨû
ͨʵҲǴɣʵѾ̤ɣԴ߶ħȫԿסɵĹơ
ɹһδ֮󣬲ŷɲ򵥣ɱƣܿЩ˲
ԭǺ󷽺ڰɱɱڰʿħʿǲĴڣɵźڰĲǿ
ñͨץʱ߶ħ׼ȥ
ʱ˿̣桢ͨЩɻҲΧɻƵĳĶ𵴣ֻܸϽܿҲħõĲ
ħǹȻں֮Уʱ̹ܻΪҺ塢࣬Ȼʱ̼̣ʱΪ࣬Χǿ߻Уܴ֮лָίʵ̬
Χֲ٣ɻʼǿߣΪ͡
Ҳɻʵǹ֪ħϵĽιһõҲͨȻӵиΪ


2059 ɽߵǿ
ɿ󿴺󣬼ɵҲ̰ǹһηǣӦһħ
ʱϴҷħϢħʿϢпһħţǿߣ
ħŵǿߣ
ħţǴһһϴڣʵ죬ҲħŴ
Χнˣͨɡڿ֣ҿ̫ҳֶȡ
ʱΪΧ̫࣬ЩڰʿȻͣ桢ͨԶȥڰ
ħǿ̰ħףڰʿʧٴγͨɱȥ
ͨ󷽣ƺڰʿ뿪ˣ
һ˫ͫ·ܲ׽ڰϢûߣֻǼɵʿԼħǿ߰ˣΧţѰһͻ֣
ɱԸħ֣պʬǿ󣡡ʱ֮ǰ·ħ׵ɸ֣
ͨѾħպãٱ˷֡
ಣ
ɿ˹ȥǿɿɱĳٶ
ħֻδӦͱɿͷ棬ðƤʼãоʦһ̹
ɿҪɱˣ˵ʶ̫࣬ǸϽˣɿͻ
桢ͨȥΧǿ֮УٿǰֲУͷʹħһδιħãɻʲʱħɱʱԸħá
ɻʻʩչʽ׷̫ˣħܵĹӲʱΪҺںΧ֮УȻӵŲͨ
ΧǿֻĬĬţ˭ҲҹȥǽιֻɻʾͷУֻԶԶĿá
ˣ
һϤĲϢͻȻ˫ͫ΢΢Ծ
ΪΣ
淢ЩͫһɺڰϢֶ𶯾
Χкڰǿߣ
ʱֺڰϢΪ֮ǰڰɻ׷ɱû뵽һֲͬγɡ
ȻĿ⣬֮Уһ߳ˡ
ɽߣ
ͬʱ桢ͨԭɱȻǺɽߡ
һָߺһǺɽߣɽյأɱǰִжǿߣ
֪ɽߵĴڡ
˱飬֪ɽߣЩ˶֪Ŀǿ
ɽ߿ͷһЩڰϢֲϮնŴɻǿ߳ХȻħǿߣ޵òηǣⶫҵģ˭Ҳߣ
ǿȥȴûиӣӡɱħá
ɽ߳ˣɻ֮Ϻڰħɷ·еĶɱɻʡ
̫ţǲڣɻʣҲδ˰ɣ
ɻʲȻŭɽǲǷУһɱɻ֮ľˣҪ񷡣
ɻʵĴҲһڿâ֮֮кɽǿֲڰ
һʱذɽڣ࣬ɢ񼸴ͷ֮ɱһ𣬻Ϊɱ״̬
Կħɷɱһγһ޴顢תḥ̂Ϊǧ׾޴ǰϷҲħͷγɺ¡¡𵴡ը
ʱ˿̣ǿ߾ǺɽߣҲͬʱú˼
൱뼸ɻ֣ܿסɽߵɼõ˱ħӳֵĺɽߣʵѾɻ֮УǳµĴڡ
ͨЦҲΪȻøɽߣʵȷ¶誡ǿĶ֮࣬ǰΪ࣬Ӧʵ󣡡
ɿ˲δʩչ˱ħʵ٣Ӧñ楻ҪǿһЩɻʣɻǿǶ졢죬楲Ķ࣬ɽߺǿ󣡡
ԣ˻а˱ħ
˱ħʩչʵһԾѹ뼸ɻʡ
ƺɽ߲ʩչֶΣҲΪڰԵʣΧܶʿĿɱ
˲֪ɽֶΣ潫˱ħʩչԺɨǿߡ
ʱ˿̣δǳ˱ħɽˣΪħɷҲ·һǿߡƻ飬ɽ߷·Ϊһ塣
ɽߣӵкܲڰħյӣ
ɽһΪצӣͻȻҧħãñצе˲䣬ȴħͻȻΪѵ
ħһ֮ɣ̧ͷɽߣնյ̣ʵӦħųϼϧڱǰ㻹Ǹ󱲣ʩչԦأȫԸӦöҵĶ֣Ϳźڰɽ߲˵ħţȻҵң


2060 ˶ὣ
ɽһûе֣ٴοˣȷħųϣѾ뿪꣬Īʮǰĳϣ
Ҫ꣬ҿɲͨȼϣȻ㱳ħţлᣬһϴͽ
ҿɲͽħǰһħħ壬͸ɺڰƿأҿΪ޳ɾ壬ϧʮڻùɽӡںϣѾСɣҵõ⸱壬Ǿ͸ҿӣ
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ħ÷ǳߣһںɽ߶ԣ⸱Ǻвˡ
ħץڻǺһδζܺɽǿǺɽ߱˲סħ޷ɽ߹
ԭǾ壬ѾӵѪǾ綾ںϽǺֶһ־壿
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΢ЦȷǺöרŸ׼ģлᣬһ˿ᣬҲҪᣡ
һǺ֮ǰʲôħܣһǱ꣬רΪħǿߡ
ǽ壬ôԵǱκλʽɽȵ۽׷Ĵڡ
˭ҪҪΧܶʿģҴʱΪ̫ʮʿԶǽˮϧɻɱֻԶԶ

һǿʢħͻȻһԽն
ħǿߣ
Ӧ棬ͨգвʿҲǹħɱ
ʮˣ汻һɻסǶˣħųϣʵֳ˾ɽһĴڡ
ǰֻöǿ󣬳Խɣʱ֪֮ɻʾ磬񷽲֪һʵɻʡ
ߴ߻һɻʣӦҲħһϡ
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죡
˶һľͷȻҲˣħһϣǺй飡
Χʿϣʮ˶ħɡ
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Ҳ䣿ͽֻɱһΪĳϣһ׹죬һһ͡Ե
ɱң˼ɽߺںȻԸΧһǿߡ
ͻȻǸħãħǿߣ
Ҳע⵽ħãӦñǰһλϢħűԴ
ɱ
˺ʮɣںϣ̼һħȣѹȥһɽǰһǿߡ
ɻʻкɽߣ׷ܣһͷ޷һУըѪģˣſں֮໽С
ħŹȻǵһʵȻ졣
ҲüǿߡעӺɽתƣʹħŹҲδԴﵽ֮ǰָ߶ȡ
ɽֱɱͨħץȥħų϶˺һͨǿնϡ
ɽͻȻʮָץӴ֮£ӿ֮УȻΪһˣͻȻǿײħãһײֱײɣҺֿΧһץסá
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ɽٶȷʵԺڰǿߵȷңħŻκ𣿡
һϣȻԸΪڰͽΪЧ˵㣬һū߹պڰɽ磬ħǳɽҲù
㲻֪õԺڰ
ɽȫչֲֳǶԺãɱΧǿֹõãƽԽ赲
ЩǿһͬĿٴηںɽϣǶҲҲˣһһУͬϻ֮ɽԿƺˣѹ


2061 ħŽ
ᡢᡭ
ΧѾۼɽٶɫɫǿߣǶźüɻɱС
ɻԶԶɣһһʽԴϻ󶼿ʧ
ͨǼȣõħŽܣϧħŶˡУûܵõܡ
Ҳǰ˵ϴ󣬸ղ׷ɱЩڰǿѾȥ
ڰǿ߻ҹȻôǿǰ·桭һɣڰǿ׷ţǾͱ뿪ɽ
䣡
Ȼǧ׷Χһħɷ
ħһЩɣҲڱը֮б飬ֻеɻһ𱻱ըǿס
ΧҲɱըĿҪּҡ
û˿ըγɵģʱֻ֮Уܣϴ󲿷ֹѣʣһֻҽԼԴţڱը籩֮з·Ҫû
ħʼֻŹ֧һδι֪ˡ
ħñХɽչʮ꣬СȴҲɥ֮ʣħųϣʮɵĽ壬ܱˣ
˻δӦǵħþȻһɻʣ

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ħѸײڶ֮ƣ飬ֻһιһڷɽ䲻붾ڡ
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ǽ屾ħǿߣ飬޷ֶãҲɾͶˣҲһֻءȷϧֽʮɣһں޷
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˱ǽʶ֮ɲǱɻǿ߶ϣǺɽҲû뵽ֽ֡
ɱҲһ𺳣֮ǰҲδںϡ
һħų·ɱһֹƵסöһյõħɸ֧Ԯ
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أˣץסǣ߳ΪõѪߵܿЩѪƾǵʱǴصģ
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ʵڶڸһҪɱףҲӵɾ磬ûΪֻܿᣬ÷Ը
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־ʱɻʾͷշԹ޶ȥ
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ħǿ߾ۼһǿƺĺɽ߱ȣͽʶȥħϴʱһ·ǽɽϾɱ
ҪɱͿûʵɽóѣﲻħţƣɽҲԦħûһ˸ȥ׷
ʵĻˡ춼Ƕ˶֣˽ҲԻɱԷʱͲúɽȥ
ҲߡɱΧʿҲʼ֮У桢ͨҲһЩʿʧ
뿪Ӧûкڰʿ׷ѰһϴɽϿڣγɵĶʪرԵһʱˡ
Զͥ
һӴĳǳأ¹֮ǡԪǻҪһЩ
ֵˮͷӿһЩȻÿһǼϢˣӵһꡣ
Ҵ⴦ǳأͨ˶Ҷ࿴һۡ
ԱһʿһʶƸһ½Ѱӡĸ
Ҳ࣬ʵʵһ࣬һŲ㱦̻ǰͣ
꿴һ۱ž޲Ц̻᲻̻֮ͥһһռ䱦Ʒʴﵽ۽ף챦κɻҲԺһռ䱦һ̻ͥᣬȷ˵̣
ȷǴֱʣ󷽼ǿߴžȡ
ˣȥʵϢ
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2062 Σٽ
ںδЩȡ
̻ϢԭСӴӷɽ磬һΪɹز̫ңԶǻļ֮У
֪ǻɽԷɽ磬ҲûȥһЩǷȣڴȶδ֪䣬ԭһУȻټɽҵϸ˼֣ɴ˿ɼ˼ܣܵһԸ
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̻ôҲ޳ܣֻǷһϢʵΪƺ«˴̻õϢиǿǵȻ˵һѣҲвƺ«ջ̫󣬾ɻҲ


2063 Ӧ
һ̻ᣡ
ܲȥ̻ὫϢ
Ϊʱӣ֮ǰǷֶߣһ˳棬Ҳ̬ܶչȻ̻ѾȻϢѾ£Ѿ˶֪顣
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Ϊûнǣֻͨˣǲ֪ҪһĴͨǼꡢʮģҪĥµģ֪߲򵥣ΪѾڷ磬꣬ϰУ̤ɽǰ㾪׿Ǹʱ乻ˣһᴫ׼ͻɻʰɣ
ͻɻʣ
ϣһʱͬŮڻʲôƤʱ޺죬ʱ԰ס
ٴηӦ;ǽɽ


ǧɽһ̫潣ŵΪɹڶ̳
ƽʱɹŮѲߣ첻ûУɫɫʿۼΧ
ǾҰ޶ԵҲ˹
ɶ񣬲ڲ뼸Ůӣڵ󷨵ȴţʱ׼߶󣬶ԸЩʿ
û֧Ԯǣ󲿷ֶָڱ̳ֻ̳ܿԼ


2064 ֳ˾ɱ̳
ЩΪ涼ûʦ𣿡
ĪɣʦܣֻӣǴûм
Ůӵȴ֮У໥Թ졣
ʱԼ˵νҲ֪еӣҲ͵ڳǰĴڣܲ
һĵӣܴӵɳΪһ𿰱ȳϵĴڣܶŮӶǴΪ𺳡
Ůӣʵδ档
䣡
ǺϷ󷨣ͻȻһһӣһЩаϢΪӰǿɱ̳߿ա
⣬Է̫ǿ󣡡һŮͷųΪһָʹǧӳȥ
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ЦһŮӣɹ鴫ŮӣǺɽץŮӴȥ֣
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İǿߡаʿ˷ɱȥ
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ͷͷʮﾪ˵ÿ䡢ÿɽ嶼һ𽥸Ӧ
ɹ
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ȡƣ߶˲䣬Χ߿ٴγְγɲ㺧Щǿƶȥ
ٴһɻ޵У׽һ飬ûлڶ㡣
ȻһɻҪѹһԴҲ̫ɡ
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ʮǿ߳û˷ȥɹⷽҲ·ȴӸ
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һ磬Ҳһɻ֮顣
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ҪԸɻʣ¾е֮ɵ飬ܿЩӾ޷ټȥ
һЩɼɻʴҲûɱ
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ˣ
ɱɹʵӡ
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뼸ɵӣŶʮӣɻߣѾˡ
ۿΪ֮ʣеӷͻȻжգۼһӾ֮ȼЦݡ
ɻ߷Ů鷢仯Щɻ󣺡Щͨɣ˶ڣõ֮赲һʱ䣬ǲףĪǻʲôֶβɣó
Ϊҵݲ˷֮УһŮӰӣͷɻ
һɻʣ֮ǰǸмͻȻΪһȻ


2065 
ӯڶŵӷ²߶ǳѾͻɻʣɻʰ
ɹϣʱһɻʣ
תһɽǻʽƷʡ
Ůһ£ʯзǻɱ⡣
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ڵӳ룬δܣͬɱһ˲գγ֮
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ʱ֮⣬߰ʿ
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ұˣҲδֶ̫ˣ˭֪ɹŮӱѹ޶õ꣬󷴶ɡ
ֶΣҳˣأɹ㲻ΪŮӣΪΪ˹ãҲòȥЦм֮˲һɽ塣
ѣ
˫üͻȻһ

ֻһҽУȻڰ֮Уż˺һɰգۺ¡һѪΪѪˮ׹ء
˲ɱ֮˲ٶȣһɽȣպɹŮߡ
ŮӼ꣬Ȼ֪ɱǿߣǿΪɱͨҪնɱꡣ
ȻǺ󷽣һԪͽǰΧһʧȥƵģĵ¡
ѻҲǼ֮У޷ҵ䣿ǵǿɹһЩл棬ӹ꣡ԪָһһĨɹŮϣžճɰ׹ǡ
ܿŮӵꡢ־֮ģϧ겢δݡ
ΪɱɵӣŮӣδ̫ʧһɻȣͻȻһӰӴ
ܲҷ֣
תŮӣЩԾҪôΪߣԽң޷㣬ʣ»һܣⷽƿߣõ֮޷ʱ䷢㣬Ӧ
Ů֮󣬷·ǰһûһ˿һԸɻʣ
ͻȻЦˣͬĺӣЦݾ𣬲£ԸʵܽһҲ㲻ףֻһӰˣ޹أҲɱˣ
ɱˣǷ̣˵ɱˣ㿴ŵӶ֣֮Ϊһ֮Ӳܣû˲Է˼Ҳס
һսȻаɱ
Ҿͳȫ㣡
ּϢ
Ҳڵȴһϣ֪ѶˣҲûб̬
ʵѾѡûлشõĻش
һ̤ɻֻʮ΢ʩչָһ㣬һ·״Ӱգһɱ
һ̺ɻƣȻﵽɻʸ߶ȣǣûܣһΪһŻ״̬תɱһ


2066 ǿվ۷
ݺײ֮УΪ⣺ƺֻɾΪδ̤ɻʣΪϢûжϢҲûһ˿ɻȻܿӵɻһͨĹϵĳֲΪһ֮¾һɻʣҲԽһǸ˲ţ£ҿΪɻʣ
һʻ䣬ΪһﲻûʱϷΪ߸ϣΪһĮĸ߶ȣ
ǿȨУλײ㣬ǿվ۷壬κߵˣǿ֧䣡
̣
һâ˵꣬Ȼﶯ֮£һɫâ̳ǧףգ۾ͽǵͨ顣
ﶯһһ޴ââյ˲仯ΪΣ·Ҫ˲ɱ
˿ֲƣɹȻڲ״̬ʩչƣâԴݿ֮ƣκιƻ飬飬֮ʷ׷顣
ǽɽһЩжɭ֣һҲ˽ûɽȻƽɭֶˣྪһ档
ɱҲٵӣ䣬ˣ·棬Ŀ֮Ȼ䣬ҲЩᡣ
·ȻɹӣһЩСӣ޷Щǿ߽֣ΪڵڣܻסԼ
ɻʼͷ֮ȫκʣɽɻʾͷǰҲһ顣
ʯּâɱһٴΧﴦ֮УΧЩɽ񱻾ƶ
͸ընΪһ֪䣡
Ҫûҡҡ׹ʵҲǳˣ䲻ɻʣȴܼ
ԷӦȻ뱾ţԶһӣеĵ·ҵӣҲ޷δ
ΪǷߣ½ߵȷ򵥣ȣһЩǿְļһ
㾹֪ǷߣܣҲֻҪ֪Ϊ֪
ֻõ棬ʧȥһӣȴøӻⳡƽ٣Ż㡣
ܣ
˲䣬Ϣ仯һЩɱ֮ͨǰҪһЩ
ΧʮѾΪƽء
ɻƣƿ
ʱһױһӣϰһЩʿԼϢаʿ
һַ·ֲǿɻ֮ЩﶼǺɽšǵǿߣɻ˿£Ҳʶƿɻʽ֡
һ裺ɽǵǿߣǲŷ̳УδȥǱ𣬵ǾȻɱұڣ

ϰԻıǿߣѾ˷ʿֳ˾
ֳһۣ·̻ɣƮ߿գһʲôûлϰ٣Ҳºüɹˣ֮ŮӣǵǵŮū棬ǿԿǲ֣
ȥֳıǿ֮һҲͥҲ޳֮ͽˣ
˾߰ͷȻֵ֪ʮֲӵ챦᲻֪ɣԾ㽫ɹʮΣҲԵõټ㣬Ͳͬˣ
ɽĴ˾ܵ޴в
ͻȻ΢Ц˾ֳи󵽣ǶʶȤһЩĪͣ
һﲻͥˣǿ߰ɣ㻹ţ
⣡
˾ͻȻҡһ䣬ȻΪһ˰޵Ĺ
ӦһֻӥĹ˰ӥͨ˸߻ΪɶߣɻնץһҶꪣ޳һˣ߿Χƺžž𵴡
գۣԾٶȴʮ߿գһԾ£ӶҶԴ
Ѱ棬ѹɹŮӣֳҲЦΧһЩǡɽǿԸٶ˷ȥ
һɲǣΪǿĴ˾ӳҶٶ£ѾɱϷʮɡ
ɻٶͨʮʲôҲͿ߾룬ܽԴ飬Ҵ˾һ־ɻӦ֪һɻʣɱʢʢ
Ŀ¶ɣĳȻﶯͻȻɫʸɱ룬˲ɳ

ҶꪻеĲǷҲͷȻĳ
ɫ·編סҶꪹƣʽ׷Ȼδһ˿ͷնϡ
˾˵ǿļһ˲֮֮ͥУҲһ
Ǻǣɻʾ粻ͬԽϣʵԽǿ󣬾ɻ죬Ҳѹǿߣҵʵ࣡Ȼ˫֣ݲȡ


2067 
ҿɲɻ죬ŻɻʣߣһðɣҶꪱסȻϮ
ĳַһЩΧӼһ˾ĳƴδˡ

һͷˣߣûɱ
ˣͻȻͷһӡǣӡ˵еӷػӳɻʵĳϣ뿪ţ
Χ꣬ߣд˾ɻʣɻɱ
һͨһɻʾͲˣȻҪԲʮɻ֣Ȼǵ֣֮ʣ𣬿Ի٣ǵӲӦŵᡣ
һ̣ھ˲ٵӣľӪĵ
øСӣԭϻ˺ñԭҪ뿪ͥǾȻ֪ӵƺ«Ϣ
ҡҡ׹ɹ֮⣡
½һЩɱɹɹ໥ڻ
һʮӳֶδͷϢһϵأ²ڵжԣľõֹŶ촫еǿߣֹš
棿һߣûǸг²ڵǿ߻㣬ʰ㣬ƺ«Ҫǿɽû뵽һֻ«ƫԶ֣ͥɽǿߣҲΪ«ⷽͥ
ಣ
ֹһɶɹټϧǽ⡢ⱬ
ӦһӣֹЩʧȴЦ⴦ȴһֲʯܰһˡ
ʧȥ
ɹĳһ
ʿȻһħɷ׷ɱ
ħɷΪһţǣɱɣѾǷǳ
үүǸӣ
ħɷ֮УȻţ֣
ţһţƢһģûʩչħȦһĳһ硣
žžУ˲ϧʬûбɶԶֱ
ôҥ·ǳ¡
ţӣһδԱӣͽλʲôһţ͸飬ɱɱһȺɱһȺ
ҥŲΧ˵뿪ɣ빬Ѿ´ÿӳ
ҲʵԸû⣬ǶԸɣҲһգ¸򣡡
Ͻ˵ЩɱΪλ˶˵ҲΣգϵĻ뿪Ȼ֪ͨλˣ
ģҲҪЩɹӣ
ţĥ˼£ƺǲ⣬ͨˡ
ҥ־ۼʮɹŮӣһͬΧȥ

ͥɽ
죬ƽһ𣬴Ժѹ֣ħϳûԤΣ쳣ںδ
һӴɽϿ֮С
¶誡ɿһԨΧΧһ󣬼֮С
һһʯ֮ϣ״̬ѪѲ·ܵˡ

ͻƣ
֮ǰӴɶ죬ͻ죬ֹ죬ڵȴͨͻƣԼ¶誵˵ͬʱɫ۷ںϣٴͻһ磡
죡
忪ʼһݣӴ졣
ʮ꣬ͻ󾳽磬ٶҲ֮УڹǲԴɫ۷ǡ
ϻ˲ιҩֵҩǰӻռһЩնɱħʬ壬ͨΪѪָʹá
Ѫˣӵ㹻ɾǲɫ۷ںϣʵΪˣѪЧҲܲȲǰ
ѪǺöΪζԼûá
ڴɾ磬̫ѪѾӵмǴ޷صɾѪЧûǰˡ
ɫͬںϣöɲʱʱ̿ǿԽǿȻʵҲͲ۷̺ĴһֳԽɡɻʵֻһ˿˿ںϣҲڴİ
һοͻƴ죬̫ʱӦӵд۷壬ԼɵԴ߶ƺ«СɽҲǰһЩ߶նɱҲ£
ʱͨͻȻһˣҲͻƴɾ죬⼸겻ħǿʬ壬ԼеԴѾﵽɾ۷壬Ҫͻһ󾳽磬벻ɣ
ҪͻɣǴϢʮʱ䣬ͨǴӴɰ̤죬ּɡ
ͨ£һɣɾڣ߶Լ綾κɿ⣿
лѾָɻʣ˵նɱɣɻʿܣնɱɻҲɡ߳ɵİա
ͨ£ɿ뷽¶誹ѯʴӴͻһЩš


2068 ϻħص
֪źҪͻ̫ѣʥͻƴɸѣǰҪʮʱ䣬һҪ׼ǧꡢܴ꣬Ӵͻɡ
˼һӣ뵽ĳЩ飬ƺЩᣬɿ뿪ɽɽ٣ɽʱ䣬ɽһᣬħɽ߲ϣħҪټڰʿϺڰɽ߲Ǣ˵лɱһͳ죬ǵΪɣʱϷ¶誡Ϊ֮նɱһɻʺڰͳ죬Ҳмֿܣ
ǲܰɽһˣ˵ģ˵ңҳΪɣٺ٣ӦаѰһᣬնɱڰɻʣͨû
һ£֮ǰħȳˣħħѾ⣬˳ԶյأӳǷ֮أִӱ«֮УӪȳŮӡŲͨռ䡣
û⣬Ҳϴ󣬻˭ǵ
׼һᣬͨŷ¶誡ɿ
ΧӦΧ
ȻЩüһѹ֣Χζγɵѹȣ֮ܲ
ɫѾںһ֣ųɫΪ̤ɣһǳĻ
̤죬ҪһʱԼΪ̡
ʵҲ̤ɣϲ۽ɽնɱλСһֻҪֲ֣ɻʣκɶвûаջɱ߽λɣɶ޷в
ԼΪԹ̣氵ںϸӦѰҺڰϢ
֮ǰõ鱨ڰ붾ˡһܻᣬϧ޷֪ص㡣
ɽյȻĺ
ֻƬյأܴһЩɽ֮УһЩħһЩħ桢֮еѻħ
ЩͬѰܿ˷֣ʮһԵħԼԼͷš
ɽʱһ̸ӦǰȺɽ֮УȻһ󣬶ΧɽԼϰħʿǱħΪԡ
Ī֮ǰһһħصأ뵽ǰǺεһصء
ӦһȻмħʿɹڶԻһŵ֪⴦صǺϻħڵ̡
ɳȥȻԺϻħһ˽⣬һʵܱͨһɽǿһħ
ϧûǿʵɽ֮Ӧ˲ιʬʥʯú뿪
뿪ãȻǳħϢӺϻħǷصطɳ淽򱣳һ¡
һɻʣһ߽λɡ
ӦϢ¶ɵ֮ɫȲѰҰ
ʱħɷϢӺϷҲ룬ǲӦҲһŮӣԼһߡ
ԾǣŮӾȻһɻʣΪһɻһ죬һһɾΪʵҲɻʸ߶ȡ
Ƭ̼䣬氵ԾŶϽжԷϢӦ˫ߣϢҲҵϢһǲ˫ޣ˫ħǿߣ
ʱ˷ܣϴ˵ˣ˵һ˲ι
ںϣǸ˵ҿǴҺҰеֲǿ˲ι˲ιʱոһЩʮ˲ιȥԴϣһͨ۽׷
һŮӣ߼֣ŮһŮӵĽģ۽׷̫һɻҲԹ򣬲º˵еͨɣлõһڵ۽׷ɻʣҲԵõ
˵ʲôҪΪɻʣ
Ϲһᾡ㣬ǾҸط˫ޣɻ֮壬Ϊɻ𵤳ɻʾδͻƴ٣һЩ
ȥնɱͷõ𲻷ʬʥʯҪŶˡ춼ˣвٺڰͳҲƵûҵĳӣ
УūϹģȥȡʬʥʯħһжǵģʬʥʯƲ°ɣ
нţһͬԽϷ߿ա
˼˼ʬʥʯ˲ιȻټЦЦĸͷ󷽣һҪˡ
ϻħǿߴصȻɳԶʮ֮ȻɳǰȻޱ޼ʣһЩħ桢ħ֮гȫҡ
һī˺ûκɭ֡ɽ
ĶǰԽΪɵҪҪȥ
ڵϴ⴦ƲʮɽѵѰ˴ܸоʮħϢʵдѻ
ôħ
˲Щìܣ⴦治򵥣ǿȥٲϣܾ޷׷ȥ


2069 ħ֮ĺˮ
Ҳ֪һɾꡣ
ҪûŷɳͿһ֮⡣֮пƯһʯʵǡ
һħαװɣ¶һ˿ػչ͹ɻʱħ͵ϮҲˡ
ַһͷħֻʮɳ˫̣ܶĿţЩħչͱץֱӳԵ
еǲﶼħ̣
ʮͲ󣬲Ϊһ޴޻ǣ겻ϣ̫ʧ
ǰּɽϡϡ责ټ֮Уϻħǿ߷һɽΧɽܸӦʮħϢǿмʿϢʱʱ޵ĳ֡
Ȼﲻֹϻħǿ߳û
ϻħɽһ⣬ṳ̂У潫츳ͷųȥɽΧһ࣬ͿʮħڸӡʯʯѨ֮Уڳ˯еڳʬ塣
ɽ֮У˺ϻħǿϢӦ֮пڽһʯΧɵʯΧ׹ǣȻһ־ʾ·ǽأ̤롣
þһħϢƺЩϤӦϻħͷҪԸħλá
һЩһͬʯ룬һѨһ뱻ûԼħͷŵâ
ϻħǿߴ߶ɽСѨ
Ѩ棬棬Ȼſһֻ޴ĺƤ󡡣
ʱⲻأμĺˮ󡣿һλˮ׷ɱͼ֮У
̾Ȼǵ죬綾ޱȣͷˮʵɻ֮ϣϻħ˫޾ͷҲС
㿴ˮͷźâ·һֿӸһЩ
һЩâǴӺˮͷųϸȥԶһʬʥʯͷźâǺˮͷһʬʥʯںϣʬʥʯҲӵһЩ
濴ˣʬʥʯ
øˮ󡣬ǺʬʥʯУƲ澫ںϺʬʥʯһܣֶߣòԺˮ࿴
кܶɻ޷ͣ
ϻħǿҪˣ
ע۸Ϊǿʢ
߾ڶͣŮӹڣһڲĻʽƷʱһħǱûʮɶƯڶϷ
һܿ첼úã
߽̤ɽɲɱʯ֮С
벻ʮףˮһת˫һţһСɽ񶴿ײȥ
ŵ߼ΪǱʩչһɱǷҲǹơ
ֻһ𵴣ˮͽײ飬ֳײ߼æߡ

һ̴ӶӳһͽȫʢͷţˮڶϢ
ѹ
ϷŮӣ߶ѹ
ˮ󡷢ϽԾǻȫˣűУʱѪģ¶׹ǣʹúˮҽУһѹȶ޷ӳȥ
ֻˮˣٶپˣϧǿ͵ϮһʽױɻħҲˡ
濿һЩԼ֮⣬ߵЦɱ㣬ʬʥʯǵı
࡭
ˮһûƿʮɶı
ѹ·ж㣬ſҺЩҺϣ󶼸˲丯ʴһ
ǶҺһ򣬾ڵ֡
Ҳû뵽ˮٶȣ˿¹ƣΪǱ
ˮ󡱻ѹж㣬ٶȸǿߡ
ݣ
˳һϻħǿ߽ħɷΪһɲǣһڰ׾޽ӱϷᡣ
䣡
ˮһħϮǿڽý飬ɼˮʵɻһŮӻҪǿһЩˮҲ֪ɻһɱУҲûˡ
ħӺˮ󡸹һһһ˶ҲɣûͨǰѤ򵥴ֱá
úϻħǿĽ޷ɱƺˮɵѾǿߵ
ˮǿԶ涼Щš
Ҳʶжǿңħ˭ţ̶ˣƺˮǿ󣬵֮󣬾ͻᱻͷҵӦ԰취ǽˣǻɱ
˫ȥҹ
ڼ䣬浱ȻҲ͵ϮԽʯ֮УͷˮɱȻߺʬʥʯܱɻʿصĺʬʥʯɲ򵥡
ûг֣ûɻʣһ֣ȻԷһɻʣûʯͻᱻɻ
ݣ
ţ
ڣϻħͷִ߶һʽɽŮӣߡ
ʩչʽɽһƷʻɻŮӲϴ߶ǵͨɽɱױȡ


2070 ˲α
أ
ˮˣҹƸ࣬ҲǳˣԷͻȻֱɱһɽԶԸ

ʽɽϷǵͨһͬԺϻħͷɵҲɽ鱩ɱˮ󡡣
ɱɽ߷ըˮһֲɽɽɱ֮һԾ
ˮָæâϷɵĽͨһâո䣬ǿɽںϻħͷ߶£ն
һκˮҲǱһֻȱѹţܶɼˮʵ಻
ȻϷͨԼֱϻħǿ߿Ƶɽɱˮڴһ޷Ķ
Ȼźϻħǿߣ·סǿߣűѹСȣһҧȥͬʱ͵һš
꣡
Ȼӱ˳ˣһȻѹǱ֮£ΪѪ۳
ˮ󡾹ȻҧԼСȣһĻ桢濴ˣǺϻħͷҲÿԻɱˮ󡣬û뵽ͷԲжѱ
ಣ
һȣˮɽɱ֮ʣ͵ĸ߸Ծһ治ˡ
󲻰ţʶˣˮҪŸҧȣӶߣȻػħͷնɱ³
ıܣûиղԲµľͲǺˮһȣ
һ𺳣۷
ӺˮϿѡ񣬶ͷҲһϴ⡣
Ȼһͷϣ澹ȻĿһĻڻλ˼Լѹڱ֮£޷֮УǾˮϷ
ϻħͷȴƬ̣δȡء
Լ㣬϶ˮ󡲻ɱɻŮӲŽȡʯ֮С
ӸӦ״̬˽һʱͱʬʥʯ𺳵
߾ϲ꣬̾û뵽һɻʼĺʬʥʯ⡢ζǿһɻʿܣʵʻķ⻯ǳɹںϻħڽǶ֣֮⣬ҽһƿش󲿷Ȩ
ŮҲ˷쳣ȶ⾭ʬʥʯϢײˣһɻʼĺʬʥʯίʵϧѵãһɻɽٽγɣҿʬʥʯ֮ǰɻΪԱһҪ߳һЩںڲ֮УܲǰΪΣʬʥʯⷽǿ˫޵£
ӡ
ŮӽʬʥʯȡͻȻһ˫Ůӵ¡
û
ŮһͻȻһڷһ⻯ڷӡֻص·ѹ⣬ħɷ֮˫޴Ŀ
⣬Ϊ󲿷ָӦϴŵ˫Ϊʱ̣͵ϮʬʥʯǿɻʼĴڣ˵һ
Ƭֻ̣ҡҡͷϵŮһ⻯ţ۷⻯ǿ̹ģȻӵɻûоԿܶǵ⻯˻һصأֲ˲ι˵ﻹҵǳѨƻ
ʵһǿ˫ޣȷʱͨԦ¶誡ɻʣ͵Ϯֻɿܡ
Ҳ޷ɱɻʼ޷ǵ⻯
֮ŮӲŽ˫ޣָһЩδﵽ۷壬ƾңϾˮս죬һ߳ɣûУҲ޷ָɡ
˽һбȡһȥ
ĸˣΪȥһԶյأȴû뵽⴦Եˮ󡳲ѨԵպкüټԨһЩɽյ
ЩԨŲħϢһԨԼȥײҲ󣬵ײвΪѳֵϿȣϿȣԼ档
ϿǰźڣЩɵǿǱڡ
ʱӦ˷֣ϴˣϿԼǧһħϢǿͷţħϢһӡϻħǿϢһ£ӦǶ˲öɣ
ȽԼϢغãϿȲŰףԱʯ֮УӦǧ״Ϳһǿ߿ͷһ˰޵ħ°һʯ׳ϰǱһҪ޴ٵ֮
ϧҲΪħһǰΪϻħǿЩжħȻԪֶΡ
ǿ߽磬ȥɽ֮С
Ӧ͸Ϣ֮澹ɻʼͷôڲһعʮɵӣͿһ֮Уֲһ˲ι


2071 
˲ιʮɸߵӣҲϷѾٸӣ󲿷ֶѳͣȻЩӾһ򡯡
ЩӲ꺢ǰ󣬱һħɷţԿһЩЩѾʼڻΪеϳһЩ꣬ҲеĻţȻ
ιʵһаϢԱ˲ι֮Уٹɣ֮һҺѪɫں϶ɣĳֽ˿Ż滹Ųʬ塣
Ӧû֮Щʬ壬ȻһЩʿӽɵɲȣŶʮЩʿʬľΪһ壬ֱʬ֮Уɡ
ͷ˲ιǰ߶һ«Ȼƺ«Ҳһֿռ䷨Ǳȴ߼ôҲࡣ
ץһЩҺʯٱҪǿʢҺţȻǺñ
ƯϷϰٹʵ⣬ҲССΪȭͷС˲ι״̬
̰ЩӵϴϰٹӣЩʮ˲ιһ
Ƚ֮ǰЩ˲ιͷʮϵ˲ιϰٸӣһֳʮ꣬ʮ˲ιһžͿԻȡһʥ׷žܻȡһʽ׷йóȥӦÿԻȡһ۷Ļʽ׷ùóȥֵۣһ۽׷
˲ιȵ۽׷֮ǰΪҪ󣬻δ꣬ȳ֮һĹʮʮԽãʵԽֵǮҾԸҪ˲ιһܻ꣬޾ĲƸ
㵹⣡
ǸͨѧģǼһ㣡
Ӧ׼ɴ٣з¶誡ɻʹã뷽¶˫ޣȻɹɣ
ᵽͨк㲽ɡ
аִжҲɻʾͷȻܶԸ楡Լӡ
ʱͨӦ״̬˵ЩͯŮҪ٣Щͯٶȿ첻٣ԺץһЩͯͯУֲΪ
Ǻö˫ߣʺɣͨ˲ιûЩЧãŮڹעŹʵһŹʵһСкһһСŮ
ˣ
ͻȻڴһǿҶ
ҲôʧɫæͷͷŸӦϿ档
û뵽ͬʱӦһɺڰϢԼϮôкڰʿ
ɻ֮ʣͿ⣬ϢһϢ֮ǰҧСߵĺˮ󡡣
һҲǺˮ󡣬ȶǸ󡻹ҪһЩ
һڰϢһӣ˾ɻʡ
ڰɻʾǺڰ֮еͳ죬ǿߣȻһͳ죬ǿʵ찡
֣ΪκˮڰʿһĪľȱӦˮ󡣬дڸɻ
쿿ƺѰʲô
ǶȺˮ󡿪ʼϢӹһδظţͻȻһ˫ͫⷽϿȡ
ˣ
ˮ˵ûеߡ
ȸŭգұϻħǿߣǴϿ֮УߣǷմȾҵѪ޷ӹҵĸӦ
ԭͨԼѪӦġ
뵽֮ǰѹˮǿڱȷմȾˮѪû뵽ħְ취ҵǿصسѨ
򵥣׷ίʵ¡
һˮڰͳ񣺡ˣΪҽֵܱѩޣɱǣ
ڰͳ츩ȸ󡣺ɱǲ£ԺҪΪҺڰЧ֪𣿡
ûѡ񣬰ͷ­
ڣĦȭƵЦؾˣԸǿߣû뵽ȸҲˣǿߣɻʵϻħǿˣ˵Ǻڰͳ죬ֻ֣ʵҲѾԽǿߣ
һᣬͻȻЦǻҲˣ˫ɱȻһһѪսʱǾͳֶȡ˲ιһùֵǣ
ʱƺͷһˣҿռֲ˲ι
ռֲ˲ι𣿡ͻҪ˳
ţأȻԣҵǿռ䣬ҳԽռ䷨һռ䷨ԭģΪҿֱӴռ䣬Լռ˲ιҿռɳȲ磬ЧҲ
⵹ʡ²ãõ˲ιռֲû뵽ƸռԶȼʶ֮УҪ
ֲ˲ι
ڰͳħѰˣżɵѵ
СǧԼϢĨʯ󷽡
ܿͼڰͳˮƯ
ڰͳǸˣ֮ǰͳ죬Ҫ࣬ҴҲǶħǿߣ˫Ҳ֧ǣ˽뿴ǣӲͨʽ׷ࡣ
δӴڰͳ죬ϢһʬӦһֻȪϢ̫ǿңо·ڰһֻȪ״̬


2072 
ƺֻдڼ״̬޵øΪǿĺڰ
ϿһڰͳһߣһͷŸӦѾħϢ
Աֻˮͳ˵ˣһǿħ
ȻǺϻħǿصط̳滹кñħصؾҲͰ˲ص֮Уȴｨ̳ʲôܣ
ڰͳ쿴ȸ󡣺²סħڲڶǿߣͽԸ
ãȸס
ڰͳʵԱȺϻħɻŮǿĶ࣬군ˣֶΣܻ뿪ֽ룬һ˫ͫ˸˿
䣡
ɲǼ䣬Ϳȸ󡣬һ壬Ծ֮٣͵Ϯסʯǰħ
һײħײɣѪ
ڰħҲɻʵ϶ãײ֮һԾһɱˮ󡡣
ಣ
ʯ󷨣Ӱæ
Ȼֻ󡣡ɻŮһ֣ȸ󡣬˶Ǵŭֹ
ڰ֮УһԾһڰϢӶסʯڣ¸֣ɱΪУ
ڰǿߣ
ϻħǿû뵽Ƕȸ󡣬ȻһֻħԼһڰǿߡ
ҲħʿȻ֪ڰǿ߶ôֲ֪ԷǿȻûѡ񵱼ͶץɽŮӴ߶߷γɺХһ𵴣øڰǿ߱һˡ
£
ϻħŮӳֶ֮ƱһǺڰǿߺǿȭħмƻħǺڰͳ찵оۻᣬԺ˫ȻǺϵαΪһͷħֵòϣɱɽԸǣʿ޷ɽţ
ڰǿһǺܸˣҺڰʿҪɣ
Ůּæҡͷ²Ǹ˼ǿԺóΪˣЩñҲТ㣡
ֻڰǿһ̤鷨κɽħħԶʱڣɽ翪ֻ֧ǵ˰ˣħ屻ڰ磬ΪͿ԰ħ壿ħԶ뵽ĴڣҳҵԷǵõϻħڣħŴʲộǺڰͳ첻֪ΪԼһͥǿħͿǺڰͳǵĺЦЦ
ͻȻЦΪмߣǺϻħڳϣֻһڰͳ죬ҲϰˣˣҺϻħԣħŶԿ
ѡԼѡ񣬷ҪǾͱҲ
˫˵һȥ
ڰǿͻȻ֣ӿڰħ·ɵأΧκϢ顢ɡ
䣡
Ҳ÷ϻħǿǰҲɺˡ
ǿ󡭡ϻħǿߣҲǵһʶڰͳ
꣡
󷽣ˮͻҺͨˮ
߸Ӧͷһץֽӡһħ𣬿ڶҺǰ
ǶҺ̫࣬ħֻǵסһ֣һˮһԼɻŮϡ
ˮѪ࣬ò⣺ߣҵʵҲԵֵΪУ̫쿪ˣ
ɱ
ɻŮӿ׼ڰͳ죬бͻȻûʮɴƶһСɽƶײڰͳ졣
һʽױȷˣϧʵ߳һأҶ֣ڰͳգԵӡ
ħɷ֮УȻɳһħ
ħǿ߲һʯ·ŲѪƣһɱѪնƶıϡ

һ·Ҫչ
ڱϻʽ׷׿նǺɻŮӱһѪ
һ棬ɻŮѾˡ
ɻһ죬Ҷ֣ڰǿһȻһ׾Ѫɫ
ɻŮ޷ֻǿñסһ𣬽ŮٱѪΧϿʯ׷ɡ
ŮͻȻϱ˫ӡһһģһŮӣһԣŮӻץһڻʽɽ
ڰͳ΢΢һúʬʥʯƳķ⻯һʽ׷ʩչ
ʱɻŮԱʩչķһͬ߶ƣײٶȡһ

ڰͳѪɫٴնбһΣȻɻŮӸסɱûûڰͳ졣
һˮɱҲѽѷ֣ΪɻʣʵǺˮ֣ɽܲסˮ󡣬ȥɾȻǸ֡
Ƕȸħɱɱ൱ħʵǿһأϾȶһֻٶûǰ¡
͵͵Ǳʯ˲ιʱ˫ϿȰɱʱƲи
һǱǷô죿Щɵ


2073 ȻƸ
汻֣Ǿǽ֣˲ι˲Ҫ֣¶ģ߶СǧӰʯ
֮£û˷ڣʯӡ٣ʯڡ
ֲ֮е˵Ƹ㿪ʼֱӽһɡ
ΧΪƸ𵴡
Ҷұ磬߷ŭ֮
ȻǱˣϾɻʼͷ̳ϧʵΪҲܽ⡣
Σ
˲ιؾȻһ룬Ƹ롣
ͬʱ滹ָиңһЩϧɻʷӡס޷ʱ䵽֡

ոս˲ι«֮УڲӡͻȻ飬һʬ֣۾ðŻ档
ڰͳԼ˵˲ιȻһȵǣҿǲ
䣡
һͻȻɱɱȥ
ħλʵܸʬ֮УȻǺڰͳŭ֮
ʬɱɼħɷԼ级Ҫû
ڶԷɱٶȸ֮ʣָһС֮ɱһƷɳ
¡¡
һƲûпֲҲûпͨһƣСֱֲӽħ飬һ˳ƶ£ħţħըѡ
ɲԽѪɳʯ
һ̣ʵѹɻŮӵĺڰͳ죬һ˫ħͫ棺еֶΣǿܾȻȱħҪɻʣ
ڰͳ˲Ű֮ץһơ
գۣһƬħɷͷѹ
ãСƬħɷƬҲˣüͷһ˼·ͣ
ڰɻɱƬħɷ֮γã·ڹǺ˵ôһƬ𣬾һħɷҲնɱһʿ
ʿɻǰߡ
̤״ζɻ
һص֮УԷǿСϮͷ
ɻ޵У˵ɱһʿǻƬҲ˲仯Ϊ촷ۡ
ȥ
ͷΪɱ⣬ԦһС
СȻһȥʮϷɱƬħɷ
һϣֲħɷСУħɷɱСϣƬħɷΪƬ𣬺ڴŸʴа׹
ǿܵסһ޷˵֣Զڰɻ¶Ծ֮ɫΪһпԻܣһɿɻǰʲô
ڰɻʽԺϻħڵɻŮӣҲţһڰͳ쾹Ȼ޷κһɿܡ

ɻһȻ䣬߶Сһɻʶõ챦
ҪƬˮϮûɱ֮ʣʩչһٴɻ𺳣С𺳻Ҫʮ
Ƹ
ֽӡС·СħɷƬҲеܽҲƬС
ֻ
ӡ֮ƸŸ߿ɢĿֲ𣬷·ѻһ㣬ͷ
ƹâͬҫٲϣЩƬǾƹâ֮𣬽Ա뱦«
ϻħŮɻʣզߺֻһֺ«˿ռǿɽ磬һƺ«
ƺ«𣿡
ħɻʻƬ׹£ΧɱΪ׹ǣΪһƬ̿
ȴԼɻԺڰʻ棬һ«ɣ
ҲھĪǹʱ֮УΪǿɽ֮һɽһƺ«ഫԶʱڣħɱɽƺ«ɱħǿߣ
ƺ«
ɽ˲֪˲Ĵڣ̫ñϣҲټɽ֮Уֻһֺ«ɵص
ɽƺ«£ŶʧʵڵģļأֻҪǴɡɼ֪ƺ«
ɻΪĻߣһۼƺ«ϳ
ڰɻעǺϻħɻŮŲҪȡɻʼĺʬʥʯԼ˲ιû뵽͸һܵõɽƺ«ֱ«Һڰ֮ҲУ챾ٶȡһö
ŮҲõƺ«ͬעҲϡ
ӽ쿪ʼºϻħڰǿߣ֪ܿӵƺ«Ϊ«˶ӵУ
ͻȻ߶«Ƭ
ɴ󲿷Ƭɻʼɱû߶С񣬶ΧˣܶʱϽСߡ
߲ˣ
߶֮ϿȳڣպþֻԼϻħߡ


2074 
ǿ߾Ȼɱһѷɱ
ɻʺ޲棬ɶԷ˭ҲŹԷ򶴿֮ʣ˫ɱɻͨϿȱΪֲ޴ޱȵʯҵûĽ
ǿߣ𱻺ϻħǿߣƵħ򶴿֮ʡ
һĻˡ
ԭԳûñӳڣȻոڣת߶Ƹ
Ҫʲô
˴ʱ˿̵뷨ڨڨЦôһ˿ţ˶ʱŵòᡣ
ԭƸһ֮ǰʧƬڰǿߵͨȻãƸټƺ«۽һʱƷ籩ƬҲԲɻϿڲȥ
Сӡڰɻʻŵõƺ«ԺΪħ¸͡
ɽӵħţСӣҴɻʾͷƤ¶ȡôɻϻħŮɻʣҲɲǼһľͷˡ
ܰ
ˮ󡡢ħ߻׷ȥ
Ʒ籩ԼƬˮֻһ֣ӣתܡ
ǸҼסĪСɣѾֻܿһӰʧںڰ
ϻħŮɻʣմһħӡΪħʧڣܲˣʬܣ
ѾӳףΧϿǺ
ͻأ䣬˻߸ߺϴ󣬵ǰһħɷɱ
¡
ǰ֮У·һħɷһӰޱʬһס
ʬʥʯƶɵĿܣĪǺϻħŮɻʣ̷˿ʯɲǼ䣬Ƶһͣܣ͸ӦǿҺϻħϢ
ȻϻħǿߣĿܡ
ѻڲڰͳ쳤Х
ѻ֣ѾԤеʲô뵽֮ǰħڰͳ죬ѻ
ৣ
һЩͻȻϿ϶֮г֣ƶʵǴѻ
߲ף
ѻ
ǰסȥ·Ҳɱ֮ٶȣȲܣͻȻһ㣬һ߲дģ·罣ɱȥ
䣡
׾׼ɱڿϣȻûж㿪߲׻Уײûнܻˡ
߲ۺԵȻ޷κһܣ
֪ɻŮƶɣﵽ۷壬ΪȻǵ֡
߲һС˲ʩչǰһƻпɱơ
һ𵴣ܱСɣǱϾǿܣһƣɣ˿ܣܲȻƣֻҪܱһδβٿء
ԷߣϷѻҲ֮˴Щѻ׷һ̣ͻȻץƸϷѻһɹѻȻ綾ޱȣƸ׾ͱ«֮С
СҲں󷽱棬ٴεɱСɱѷԽԽࡣ
ü֮ʣͻȻ˵ˣʿΧ⴦Ͽ
ʿѵһ̣СϷȥƸҲɺЩѻ
ಣ
ɽӰȵס
ȻɣǷǳľͷҲͶʮ꣬濴ǣӦǵ֮ͥеľţͥغס
һ꣬Ȼʣкڰǿߣ
ǿѰҺڰͳ죿˲׶ԭ
һ̹Ȼش
氵һϲˣ·һϿȣһڰͳ죬Ǻڰɻʣ
ͷŸӦͬʱӡһ֮˲һǻ棬ӰɱЩɱѻѻȻɻʶ֣Ϊһֻֻѻ
Ҳ׷ɱͷ˷·ѾڰͳϢʱԽ档
ʿգһӣתſܱһĳ
¡һڰ֮УҲɶԶ˲类ʬΪƬ
ɻʵ
תɻʣסģִж񣬼ȻɻΪһܳɹδ컯ɽҲټ棬Ǹոճֻ꣬ȷһδæ
ҲǿӰӣܸӦѾɱǴϿȡ
Ͻߣɳ⴦ԨϿȡ
ɳԨȻӦ·һϢٶ
ʲôϢϽСǧʩչϢ
ಣ
һɻӰû潫ϢȫأȻӺ׷
ôӦǵ׷Ϣ֮ǰɻ֮һҲǳְܵӡ
ɻ󣬴˲ȥɱڰͳ죬ΪͻȻ뿪ϿȣɻܶԸڰͳԼϻħǿߣ


2075 
Сǧһȫ߷ŪĿģڸһô󷽡
ӿڰշȥƺѰʲô²⣬ĪǴ
ΪԼ
ã޷ףԺͻȻ˲ιĪǴ֪·һ˲ι׷Լ
Ͽ֮ûˣǿ׷ӦΪǰû棬˷׷ɱڰͳ췴ѰԼȻΪ˲ι⣬벻˾ʲôĿġ
ôӷǧ꣬ɽҲǧ꣬κˣκ¶ֽûΪղųֻܣȥԷ
ҿûгȥʮϢԶַɻ֮ǰˣۿǿɱ
ӦþСӣϧˣȻҲװ״ɶ񡭡Ƭ̣Ƿݲģ˦˦Ͽ缲ȥ
ڣҲɻ󣺡ϴǳ㣬ǰûеղǵһ棬ԩ޳ΪҪɱ㣿Ϊ·˲ι˲ιɻȻҲر
ҲƣΪ˲ιɣԣԩ޳𣬴δȻΪ˲ιлЩԥԼ䣬оɻ׷ɱƺЩԭ
ʱΪȻڰͳ촭Ϣᣬһɱ
һʱ⣬ɻʸӦյأֻܸʮ㹻㿪ǿ߸Ӧ
һɽ֮нţҲʼƸռ䡣
սռ䣬һЩħɷƬֲţǴϰֻѻһֻֻڿռ֮Ҳ˼άĶȥɱ
Щѻţóһ˲ιǰ
ںһƸڣ˲ιȻǿʢÿһӶͯСͯŮɶɣ֮ǰ֪˲ιҲдͬǰ˲ιͷȷǰЩ˲ιЩһ
ϸϸһÿһ˲ι˱ǣñһٶʱ䳤ʮ˲ιٸеǧ꣬е꣬Խã˲ιԽǲ򵥣
һԻȡһ۽׷ʱֲܳ˲ιǼֵԶԶ
黯ΪСӶˣİɣû⣬ҪҪһЩҺһЩʬ֮У˲ιֳħרܸʵȥ
˲ιͲȻɳ𣿡һʣԺ֡
Ȼܣǰɽ磬ͼǿ˲ιҩԱȲСǾͨ˲ι˲ιʮ֮һҲȲϣǾͨˣ
ҪùʵҲҪץСɣ
Ҷ鲻̫˽⣬Ժ˿Ҹмʣδ죬ûгĹʵǧ֮࣬㹻ʿǶԶɴ١ˡת޵ʿĪã
ʬһ㲻٣С򲻻ȥץ
ͽ˲ιչˣܿʩչƺ«ȻһͨȻ
̫죬滹ȽڣƸ«ռֲ
ǵɻʵȼĺʬʥʯϧܵõһɻʿܣֶ̫ãܵõ˲ιѲף
ǱͷŲѪΪһֻֻ򽣬ΧǱÿһֻ
Ѫֱ֮ںϣӿڣзʽͨʿʮ
ɶ󲿷ֱںϣһֱƸռ䡣
ǿڸԸܵϿǧȻܿͱոɾø־пֲ
һ⻪ҴҶ֮ʣΧǱͻȻӸӦ֮֡
ʧ漱æǰˣָоˮϢֻһֻڰɻϢھʮ︽һħһһǰС
ˣڰͳ죬˵ɻʣûܽɱɻʻɱһڰͳ죿
Ŀ粻Ƭĸȥ
Ӧ״̬ںϣ׷Զڰɻֻˮ󡣬Ǳϻħѹֻ
澪ϲֺڰɻʵٶȣֻдͨɸ߶ȣϢҲԱֻңϺöལˡ
ˣ
ɻûнڰͳɱѾ˴ˣ̫ˣˮˣҾĸǣһлɱ֣ٲ°㣬϶ڰͳˡ
˵л͵Ϯˣնɱ
ڰɻʮȻںˮͷһƬֽ֣һɽ´ƿһʯڰʿ¹ӭӡ
ӦþħɻʵĳѨڼǱţһ·ɱ֣ûг֡
ϾԷһɻʣˣȻɱɻʵֶΣּڰɻʻصѨЩġ


2076 ħ
׼ȥʱû뵽ֱӦһϢһ⴦ħ
Ǻڰǿߣһǿߣ
ԭҲǿߣͨҵ⴦ħ˺ٸӦɽ⣬ϡоһϢǿʿĿڰѨһɻʡ
һɻǿߣôħӦִжһǿߡ
ȴʮϢ֮ǰ뷨Ʒ
ﾹȻԽɽȥħڴ󷽷ȴֱڴʯƶ˾ȻڰʿӭС
һĻ۾濿ħͷŸӦӴʯ͸ȥڰʿڲعſӣÿ׾ǿߡ
ǧ͸ӦٶڰʿﾹȻϴǴħĺڰʿһ
δȥعһʯң⿴ٱŮӡиǧ֮ࡣ
ħɻʣһħǿߣиղʿһ
һħǿߣȻҲһɻʣ⴦ħѨȻɻʣͳ켶ǿߡ
ʿƺħǿ̸ݾ޷̫ңԶ
˼һǧСŮϣͻȻգɽкܶǿߣŰ취ѰħҾٽһض磬ǿ߸ӦħڣЩִжǿߣɱħնɱͳ죡
һ󵨾˼ƻԺγɡ
ܿϣӴʯǴ£ڰϢһᣬִƸڣѻڣڰϢ
һ̶ȣͽ«ڵĺڰϢڳѨռĺڰϢһħϷԼ׸ߵİգúڰϢͷųȥڸϷ߿γһƬף·һɫĥƯڽǧ׸߿ա
˵ЧڽʮϢͳˡ
澪ϲĸߺһɻϢһҲˡ
ӦҲʮ⣬Ϣڱƽһɻʡһɻɻʣѹɻʣ
úڰϢڸ߿ղԶ߿ƯȥħϷ׸߿պڰϢΪǿң׿ڰϢ֮£Ǵʯ
ʯɲͨʯħƶɣֻҪ׽ʯĴڣ֪һڰѨ
һṦһɻһΪﵽǿߣҲһƽ
ǿһܿͨڰϢǿʯͷŸӦ
ֹȥʮϢٴθӦϢһҲһɻʣһɣһ
Ѿɻʡ۷ɣоʼѹħǿߣɻʡ
Ǳھǧ⣬ŰʱϢɻʣɡ
ˣˣɻʾͷ۷ǿߣ΢Ӧÿռƣ潥ڰеȴţǼǿ߹Ҳȷǲħ
ҲˣȻڰϢԶЩǿߺܿҲֺڰϢһᣬڰʿ£һɡʵǿߣȿ˷ȷû쳣ſʼʯ
˽ȥʯ͹ϣ˲Щǿһ֪ħ
ʿ治ͷƿЩڰϢһɻǿ߿
һɻʣ¿ѹħڲɻʡ
ǿһҲƺ𽥷ֶԷϢ˳⣬һȻںıԸħ
һʱ֮ɻֱƽħھǧ⣬ÿ˼һٽӡ
һӡϢΪںڷ֮Уմ֮󣬷˲ȥħϷ
ʱһɻǿߣƬ̣Էǿʯ͵ɱһʽ׽ǴʯɱһۣڲͻȻħɷɻʽ顣
ಣ
ʯƶһڰʿӺĵĶɱһһ
ħͷɻʶƯʯϣͷһɳĺڰʿ
ѾɳʮˣϷЩذķͻȻ飬ǧ׽ӣ˴Ӹ߿մ
ʮڰʿǷӦѾ壬ϧɱշҲ޷ǼɻĶ֣ûǱնǱг飬ħɷħѪħħǰеը
ħѪ׹¡
ɱ
һڰɻʷŭɱһڰʿ
ɻɲҲΧƼڰɻʼôǿߣһԸǻ
ɱ㹻ģ
ɻĿڰɻʡ
һ̣ħ֮УַɳɻϢһһɻʣһ֮ǰϻħǿ߽ɻʡ
ɻһִ֣źڰʿһʱɻҲɫ䣬һɻʶ˺ԥɱ뽫ԷɻʣԼٺڰʿһͬɱ
ڰɻʼգִħɷֲ˷ȥһʱնǺ¡¡ըɻɱһⷽɽضɽҡڰϢ


2077 Ըڰ֮
ǿߣҲӰɱʩչϻ֮ɱúڰʿһʱԻ⹥ơ
ˡŸڰʿɳħһ̲ٲڰֱʩչ֮ħ
ڣһɭɭħɷƤѪ·Ҫᡣ
Ѫħɷƣʱкڰʿɱæһعһࡣ
ʮڰʿ֮УͷŸӦʮڰʿֵǣħǿ߲ûȫôأһعۼ
˵ģɶڲǰδڰͳӴеϣʶڰͳʵ֪Ҫɶ治򵥡
˸֮С
һعڰʿأɡ
ɱС͵ϮƣֱӽλʵĺڰʿʬƸ˲ι֡
عѺŶиٶˣǿɱΪǺڰʿ׷ġ
ҲûͣʩչƸʼиУԼʮϢŽи뱦«
ع֮УѺŶСŮӣǧˡ
ϴǴħǧиŮСһǧˣǶҪڰ磬ɽЩħܽǧŮڰ磬֮ͥУֶ޹ĺӡŮӡиڰ磿·뵽ЩڰʿܡͯӣСĳ
ħ̥ħǿߣиħγɵ
ڰˣ¶òȻΪŮūճΪħ̥ħǿħ
룬ƸʼСŮӣǷţȻǵ۽׷Ķ֡
ڸӦΧҲ۾ͻȻ˵ϴعһңȻʮڰʿ޳֣ƺĳ󷨴Ͷ
𣿡
ѵħ֮лд󷨣
עȥڸɣһعжʮڰʿأɡ
պһڰʿһͨٳ֣Ӧ֮УȻһϤĶ
ڰ֮ţ
һɸߵĺʯһħɷ֮УոЩڰʿǴӺڰ֮ŴͳģΧʮڰǿأҲֿħӡ߶ڰ֮š
ɱǺڰ֮űٵٵиڰʿӺڰɽ磡
ȴŻϴ㿴Ǻڰ֮ţͳĺڰʿһȣǵǧɽˮǿڰ֮ţͳĺڰʿһ޷ӦɽϢճǳʥʵҲûУⲻ𣿡
Ҳƣȷ뵱ڰ֮Ŵͺڰʿȫͬ
һ̣ڰ֮ӿһħɷû뵽һɻϢ֣ɻϢһԭڰɻʾȻ֮ǰħ̳ĺڰͳ죬ڼꡣ
̫ˣϴαڼͳ̳֮Уͨһĥ£㱻ڵ£ڽӳ죬û뵽ڼͳ졣
ˣ֮Укڰʿڼͳ¹
ȥ֧ԮǴˣڰ֣üǿߴҿ
ˣ֮ǰЩڰʿǴӺڰ紫Ͻ磬ֻǴɽյذ˷ħ͹֧Ԯ⴦ħĺڰʿˣֲǰڰ֮Ŵĺڰʿ˴ͬ
ʱ潫˾뱦«Ϣҡ
ڰִ֮ͳһڰʿǰһٶˣ󻹴ͳһڰɻʣҲһͳ죬¾ڰͳ磬ڰ֮Ҳ
ϴʿɱ淢ħڣʿϢ
ʱ˿̣ڸӦڰ֮ţ֪һڰ֮ţǴһڰ֮ţ㲻㿰һζ񣿡
õڰ֮ţզѡ
Ϊʿɱţ֮мڰɱֻڰغڰ֮ţħӦҲɻغڰ֮š
ֶһԵһζ׬ˣ²ܵҲܽˣϿҡ
ʱٺڰʿڳɱȥ˳⡣
ڰɣλԼ۷ɣһڰɻħɷӡźڰ֮š
ɱ
һСûǽںݺײ¡һǽըǱķʯƬɵĿ
ʯǽڵʯ䣬ըһãڲӡڰ֮ţƿħɷڰɣɫ԰ס
ɱ
Сң沽ƽʶ󱬷ʱСٴξ޴һͷҶ壬˫ȭħɷ󣬺һɻʴһŤ
ħɷǿŷӦƺδ뵽ɱĿǺڰ֮š
˽ӡ֮󣬿Χħɷ󣬺֮ͻȻΪһݴӰɱ롣


2078 
ҪɱС񣬶Ǵ
ƺͨղһ棬ǿ߾֪С޵УǷԹֶ֮ı䣬ϻƹػضСס
߳
ڰɴһסСͻȻӿ齣ӡЩӡصСΧѩ꽫ССٶȼ
֪޷С񣬾÷ӡƣ˲ףоķ
ɲǼ䣬ִ߶һСǵڶҲʩչѹֶΡ
ʱ򲻵òȫԸڰɴ˺ϻ֮ǿһСжδȫʧȥײħɷ
ڶ֣ɷ·ج֮У֣һвϷǵ˲ѿָжӶ۰ȭȭ磬ɱڰɡ
ǳһˣֻҪһʱ䡭
ħɷǰǺڰ֮ţħɷ֮һ
һâּ䣬˳ħɷ
ڣ
ԭɽ
̶ӵɻĴҲɽһһѿڡ
Ƹʩչ«ħɷӣֲǺڰ֮š
ǿħ̳رϵĴڣУǿԴӺڰ֮ţҵλ½ڰԨ֮еĴ͵㣡ڰɱСѹƣ޷ɱֻͨ÷
Ƹպڰ֮ţǲҪȥֹϧԱСס治СһȭҲˣȻ
Ҳֺڰ֮ţħɷ˸Ƶģһɻӡںڰ֮ϷƸҲܵ
Ƹϵ۽׷޵У۽ѹƣڰ֮ſʼ𵴡
Сӡ
ͻȻкڰʿɱعΪұСײ飬Ű׼˾Ϳ˼һĻ˾ȻڶȡڰĴر
ǿֺ̰һᣬ֪Ǻڰ֮кεҪԣɱҡ
ʿɱٴηջôǧʱӳƸϷ
ʲô«Ȼһһ
һ۽׺«
ƺеż֮д˵ʱɽ磬һռƺ«

ԽļʿĿȫƸ档
ٺ٣
ڣͻȻ˫ֿտҲͬħɷڲɶߵĺڰ֮Ҳʧ
ڰ֮֮ɲתҡ
һǿߣλԼ۷徳磬Ǳ˺ڰʿһ˺ȵڰ֮ţб«
ðб¾үүͻȻӡԱȥ
ͻأӰٶȳڡ
ħ̳ܣڰǿҲ֮гĿ档
ʱּʿɱɱȥ׷ȥǿ֮Ҳ׷ɱ档
Ѿõڰ֮ţǿıϽʩչ֮ٶӳħ
;ҲӦʮʿѾɱħ
󷽼ɷ׷ٶȲϱƽಣڷɳħɲ𺳿ΧȻٺڰʿʮʿɱеɻʾʮˣɻΪΧɱüħʡ
Щ˲ˣϽߡ
ڰڰɷ׷ȥ򣬽̤ɽչֳ缲ٶȡ
ڶϢ˾׷󷽰ף
ۿҪɽɱˣڨЦƬ̣˫üͻȻ߶Ƹһƹâӿ
أ
һƬѻԼƬٵ
ѿһɣ˸ɶ֣еΣ
ִ⣬Լ̫ļõ޷ԤѻƬ˳зǰɱУһͣͱѻУŵһϺڡ
һǿߣһǺڰǿߣųһ亹ٿӰ˴Թ׷ȥ
ɶȷȻ˵̳߱׷Ǹնɱ
߿֮Уɻʽ˵ĺڰͳ죬֪ڰ֮űȡߣŭ
һʱרʮڰʿǷ׷ȥ
ʱѾӳǧԶɣٶĪƣٶ̫ĻʮϢܽ׷ϡ
ΪˣҲƴˣֳʮڰʿֻһͷΪϡ
ϧɿڣڣʩչλٶȣ֤ӹ׷ɱ
ֺϿգ·ǻͻȻ˵ϴǰ˷
ͷŸӦͶݳȥΪǺ֧Ԯ˷й켣΢΢ЩƫƺܿⷽӦǱڰϢ
澪ϲϴи˰УϢɻʣ


2079 ɹϢ
ʲôɻУ
һɵÿıй켣ˣһ˵ȷɻϢУ˾ǵʱɽΧплϵǿߡ
û뵽תʮȥѾΪһɻʣȻɽ֮ãõĳֲǴԵܳԽɳɾɻʡ
ಣ
ȻУ汾Ҫܿˣȴֱӷ˹ȥ
Ϣ֮˫ڰ֮
Ϊвʶû˵оԾߺȻһˣ
ҲУ³ԷѾϳԼ
ͻȻһԽһ࣬ź׷ɱɣһΪ𣬿ɻ𻰣ǰըյ˻ͷ档
пڰʿҪɱ⣬û뵽ַʮڰʿüͷתͷһԱߣһۣ־ʿʧȥ
ʮڰʿɲǲɻʣȻں׷ɱ
Ϣʮ⡣
ɢȥ˳һͺͺɽ塣
浱ȭл
ԱЩԾһ˿棺֣ʶ֮ˣ
һ˿һ棬ȻЩԾƺеϤ
ѵҲɣǰаɡ񣿡˱飬Ҳ˲뷨
лףɹӣ棡
֮ǰϤɣƿƬ̣پǸӵƺ«Լӵвɹ棿
ϴ֪ӵƱҪģԣһҲҲ
ͻȻ򣺡ʵһֱ֮У䣬ԭɽԶɹһ֪ܶ飡
ԡһԤʲô·
أҪȥǰɱڰͳ죬ʱ䲻࣬Ҿͼ򵥸㣬̻ṫȻӵƺ«ԼϢԼڶʮǰͥܶ˶֪㣬ȻǶǵϵƺ«
Ƭ̣̻ᡭ
ҲͻȻٴδ棬ΪԾǸ߼۶ͣƺ«Ϣͥ֪ĴڣȻע㣬ֻעϵı˵ʵҶΪƺ«ģֶ˶õı
˵һʵֻܿЦԱǿߣҲζĿ档
·˶мֲͬͷе棬·һҪζܼͣᡣ
̾˭ӡǶѣ棬ٻɹɣǰҸɽʱһλǰʱ֪ոմع˵ɹǿ߶ϣЩǿ߾Ϊеƺ«ԼҹɹΪ㣬һƽ٣
ϴ˼ǵǳľһ̣ʩչƺ«Ȼʬ룬ܶǿĿһΣ̻ᵱʱרŶԸ㣬ƵʱǾΪƺ«ҲطһĻĻ
ľȡʬ徭ȻǣΪõʬ壬²ڡͨ뾡취ղʩչƸǾ޴ʬС
ʵ磬ôɹҲһɣЩǿ߸ҹȻһ
˭֪Աһǿߣһ˵ɢѧԣһǾްԣ̻ᣬԼЩɻʾͷǾǼҳ㷹
Īλֵܣϵܣ˵ľʵѡ񣬵һڶ뿪ͥʱƣ֪ӵƺ«ˣԽԽ࣬ͥǿߣһƺ«ͥʱҲѰ㣬׷ɱ㡣
̲סüͷͻȻֿ棺ǧĪɹȥҲ޲ᱻǿѹһҲ޷ıɹ˵ľô࣬һ£ʦáʦټ棬һҴ仰˵ޣһŵĴڣһġ
һֱδ˵ˣ߳һ߰ɣ֣Ѿ御ˣƴʱѾƱУƺ«ǿƺ«µĿռ䱦ǳԽɻʵǿߣõ˱οĴɡɡɻʣ
ˣ֮ǰһ棬ҲףһҲ޷¿ƺ«Щˣ˵ɻʣҲȡ
ˣҲɡ˵֡
кɣǿ⣬ɹҲȥ֣ĿԶڰϢȥЩߺȵ
ȷΪһţǿѰҶȡ«ȻŴɻǿɱȥ֮ǰ˵л˼ɹʶǷ壬ûжҳѾ御
˫źڿ˸Զһ¡
Ƹ
δϵΪԼɹһƽ١


2080 Ƕ
ͫȻŴ뵽֮ǰɻʣһ˺;۷·Ѱ
֮ǰ벻ԭϸ˼֮£϶ɻʣ֪ݣΪƸɱ
һɻʣһһͻɻʲõǿߣҪɱ棬Ҳǲѵġ
˼֮е棬һֱû˵̲סϴô죿ɽȥطҾȻʵ˵ĻǺеµȷΪɹȥһֻϾҲģҲңҾòܻȥ
ɹΪⳡƽ٣ȥİãܰɣڻȥҲ޲ҪȥҵӦ԰취ɹƽ٣Ϊڻɹӣƾһ㣬Ҳ뾡
Ծ⴦ɽ帽ϢôĿ
λɹƽ٣ħ䣬þò
ʱҴҶҲ֪ȥãͻȻҪİ˷ΪħϢ˷Ϯ
ô£
ڤ˼֮Ȼû뵽һӦɹƽٵķӣѣûóȻɹڻȥֻ޷ıⳡƽ٣ֻǶһˡ
ɳգȵĿ˷ħʿΪϤħϻħڡڵӣȻһǧˣԶиħʿ
ϽߣϧɳǰһħʿɽγɰΧ֮ƣʮһˣǿɱȥһ̲ûǿг뷨Ϣȥ
һʿ
ͻȻüħɸ֣ͷշ
ѻ˳ħҲǰ£
ôħǿߣ滹򶨣ٲǺڰʿȻڰʿҲ˹Ȼ֡
Ȼһʿ
ħǿ߶סȥ·ۣһ󷽻֣ȻһʿҲˣ˽ѹȥ
СӣɽӴ֮ħẉ̂ħγˣƿɽκʿһٺ٣̫һڵħɣһǿ߷档
ûжԷͷħýһӡ
ڴʱͻȻɳʿӰӣϧδӳͱ˷ħʿϻõУһ˱ɱ׹ء
ôħŵؽ磬ǽԶڴˣɽ벽һħǿߵճХ
ħѾγˣ棬һħǿƿأȴһᣬǼǿ߾һǿһ
ɻأΪħͻȻɽγˣδ̫ͻȻˡ
ӭλϣ
ǰգ֪ʲôɰħǿǰ¹
Χѹħǿ⿴ȥüߴʮħǿʱ֡
ǼߣɻʣԵɻĿ⣬һɨ·ÿ˶ܾ۵ףһ䡣
뼸ֶԣƺ嶼챻ħɻʿ͸ͻȻһߣǶˡ
Ϣ֮ǰʱ䣬ʱɽ߽֣оʵɽߣҡһ䣬Ϣ䣬ʵֹ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôĪǽںϳɹ򲻿̶̼ܶʱ䣬ʵ˵زʵһ߶ȣԽ¶誡ͨɻʣۻҪǿһЩ
ħɻʱʱ۱ѹļˡ
һħɶԶ˵ɻʹ£ϣƬץסôɡɣնɱʮˣʮʿߣϢѾ
ΡȻȵǴȥһ̳ҪöʴǾЩʿӳɽһ죡
˵һɨˣĿЩ粻
⣬ѵѾϳˣио˵Ŀ⣬ȻԼͣһϢ;ûҪѿԪ
ˣʱֻöǿ󣬵֪ɻΪΪѪߵ¶֣þһӳ˹ƺܿ뵽طһĻĻ
öֻζ°ͣʹżڰɻȥ
ҵþߣжӶ죡ֺʵǿ󣬼ĿҲΪԼΪ̫Сһʱûˡ
񱻷ڴϷգĲ
żʿߣԼ뿪ͻȻӡһִֻ֮ץžϷӡ˲顣
ÿѺħɣ˲䱻ħǿ߶δӦֻһħ棬´ѪѼٷǰ
ɱɱɱΧؼ˵ħǿߣͻһĻȻŭ
𱻿۵ʿֻĽ汳Ӱ
ţ
󷽣
ħǿ֮С
뼸ڰɻʼһ˲䣬Ӧ󷽼⣬γɵ𵴡
ΪĶˣƬ̣ͻȻֺȻ֮ɫڼǵ˭ˣֲϤ


2081 Ҫɱ
ˣΧħɻҲ֪󷽷ʿ֮£δС
һ˰ˣһɣӳɽ
˷λϵܸѲɽݲɳӣһɻħţ
˾Ȼħɣڼħɻʾ֮£תȥ
ħɻˣҶԣħųϣǻ֪õʵȻħŵλߣǵﲻĴڣʲҶһ䡣
ٿ
֮УһӰ·˾޳ᣬɿ˶籩˹ա
߶֮ߣٿ󷽣һﴦħɡɷ
̫ɵЩˣƼ˴˲һֻҪɻʣҲԻɱħɣӹħ׷ɱ
ʵʲôʲôδѣһϤǿħɻϢӼ׷
ɻٶֲ̫ʮԼ룬ƲʮϢԷ׷ɱ
ˡ
ҿԷħɷԪ˲䶴ƼնСӰ󣬵ضûҺûδϣõƺ«Լ
ɶ񣬶˹Ϊƺ«ֻǼ֮£ʩչȫ׷ҡ
һϢԪҲղϲıϡ
֮׷ɱΪطһĻĻΪƺ«
λɱһɣԳ֣¼ǵ˭ҲԳ֡
ɽأǴãܻûϴ㣬ҪʬΣû뵽ոյõ壬ʵܵõƺ«һαֱӽʽϣ˵ܳΪϣҪлл㣬棡ϱƽĶˣԪԽֲ

ԷѾ׷󷽺ڰɶ޷ѣοɻΪĶˡ
ܿ
ԽɽԼƬѾģںɽȻͷſֲΧħϢ֮󣬻ڰ߽λɡ
ӦǰʮϴΣˣǰȻյأȴмϿȣֻǻӲ׷ɱ
Ͽ˵϶Ƕã˷һСڣһӣӿɲǺ۸ģ
̤þûָоζ
׷ɱʱԷֻǱǿһЩʩչӦϾʵδָ١
巽¶誡楡Щǿߣ¶ɻʣҲٻһЩƣǻʱգɻҲҪܵơ
ɽħẉ̂ʱ˺ͶռˣҶҲͨɻʣõڹʵָ߶ȡ
۵ǿ񶼻̹ġ
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ѾۣܿһЦ˲¹ͷĶ
ಣ
һͷ·պϿȣоٲ¡¡ӿϿȡ
Խʵ棬ϿҲûãΪ̫̫Ա˵΢б«֣ܴ߶ܴ߶ɷͺúøè׽Ϸɽѱħʽƿأضûпܣ
ûħͷϿѾֲָӦڣֱзգͨ
֮УǺˮʱѾ׹һ󷽣Ͽȣ̫ʯڰֻһ룬ȫɱͨԸ
˲ϱƽŲмЦ͵Уż֣Ҳڵȴɱʱų֡
һʱѾϿԨ֮УԨϿһݺᣬʯ϶ܣڻһ̣ö׷ֻа׾롣
棬ȥŶ˺һЦ˫ֽӡӥצץһ֮
ʱ󷽳һʮɶħɷָ˺֣ÿһƽԴۣħɷγɵƣΪһƣ֪Ϊô߲㡣
һȫӵгԽɻһȵ귽¶ȫʢʱڵӿһЩ
Ҫһӣ
𣡡
Ȼתߣֻзһ
СǰΪʮɶħƲ࣬ɳ֮ʣڼһȭɱħơ
˱ΪгҲӲһƣԾһɣŶܵܲȻƷʣҲúεֶƶɡ
飡
ħƼǿѹСɻ˰ԵκδɵĿܣᱻ顣
ֻǱˣϢû飬ûһۼǿнɻһȻû顣
ۣ
Сû£治ͬ
ǼԦߣСޱȼ̣ɻҲ޷ĴڣκιЧԦħɱĹƣ͸𵴡


2082 
һѪ϶ѪѣϾҪѪ
ԭ뿪󲻾ã̻ڷƺ«Ϣʱ͵õϢһȻ㣬Ǵһʱɱȥɹȡ«ƫƫħ´ΪҪƺ«
ٴθ°ͣ˼ĵ컯Ū˰ƺ«ԼСӾȻӵô汦Ǹ߽λɻʣҲӵһң棬رΪ̫Դ߶ȻƷԱʵ㣬Ὣ˺飡
ʵҪʵ𵴴ˣѾ
·ԵǿصСһҲ޷ȷԼ
ڸԼЦ𣿱˶õ챦ǵõ챦ջΪϡ
ˣˣͻȻһԪԶ
˫ͫ˲˸ͨ
ͨԶԪǰУٺ٣ν÷¶誣˫ɻ֮Ҳȹɴ٣̤ɣ뷽¶˫ޣӳɻʵﵽһ۷壬ˣɻϢϤ
ڶС֣ҵˣˣ
Ŷһܣ
˵ͫŻһգΧһͫһѾܳɻҲͨʽ׵ȼҲƷʽףǼƷʽףܣԺ߽λɻʣҲԱ֮ҵĴ
ˣһںǵ壬⣬ˣʮϢϾ͸ͨԪڲҲ֪ٶΣա
ʮϢ
Ϣ֮ڣ˳֣Ҫɥ
æ˵ˣɷһ·
Ź㣿Ź㣬ζһ죬ȫ˶֪ƺ«ڱϣǶɱħţȡ˹ϰհ֣ȻҪȡ
ħţˣҲӣ԰ɹһ١кȻʲô
˲ƽ˫𿪷žž죬ƺ꣬һħȭǰٴγɡ
־塢æߺһ·ҿԸһأԶŵأﻹмܣϧ޷õһ·ұŵڣ
Ϲŵأ
·һ̣Ϊ֮ЩͻȻЦϹŵأߣɱ㣬ֱʩչѻ󷨣Ԫһܲҵģ
һףֵһйڻͼ䣡
ͼſڿӣͼѱȡһŮӣ˵õͼһҵ䣡
ͼ
һ˶ݣԥͼУǳԽƺ«ϱ
ȻˣʮͼԶ֮еĴڣƺ«ֻɱɱˣͼᲢۣ
˱粻ʵ֪ͼ䣿
ɻͼһ̣Ҳڸ֪ʵûȥȡͼû뵽;оȻһŮӣвһصأִŮƯһâһŽɫҲ¾ͼŮӶص죬ȻȥӡϢҶУɻΪƾòϢӦÿҵ
ã֪ͺãҪնɱΪɱ㣬ʩչѻ󷨣Ӵ˾֪Ůò
Ҷ˵ˣΪβһ
̫֪η㣿˵ԶŻͼӵеıԿκǿ˳ᣬɻҲԵֵǿ׷ɱɱ㣬˶ɱңţܵðӦ㣬նɱ֮󣬺ú㣡

˵һ䣬ħɷͳͳ巢һδ߶֮ǰҪǿħָץ
֪С赲Ҳ޼ɵɱһƣ֪ɻʵĲ࣬ɻС񣬾󲿷飬ֻҪһ棬߱ɡ
ˣɱң潫Сһͬǰǵħơ
ɻεı꣬ԽСѹȶԿԽû
ǰʱħɷƬСȻԭزδħˣɲС
۾˫ֺʮƤΧһɫף·Ѫ⽽ɡ
սף
䣡
治ϺˣսףѾ˺飬һħɱ㿰ȫˡ
ѾָѪѣѪϣսֵܵκʹɽ޷սףȻҲ޷սףǴĳȴܸ𵴡
һɱɻоȻû
ڰ⣬ͨӦԽ񣬾ֻѪ
а˫ֱͫǵâ籦һסˣﰡȻ̻ȷͥе̵̻ᣬ˾ųɣƺ«Լͼҵģ


2083 ͨ
棬ɣͲţԼԵֵɻƣҲ޷رħƣ·ﵽǿ״̬
ȷʱϹ룬ͨһҲѲ٣ѪǴ顣
һΣᵱȻöɲҲδﵽɻʸ߶ȣֻпͨɰˡ
ಣ
û뵽ڰ֮Уʩչοֲɱʱ򣬴󷽷һɫӰ
Ӱٶ̫죬Ӷ˺Ϯ
澹Ѫͷ߶Сɱˣ·붾ƴ
̶ֳȼԦܣֻܶҪ񣬾ûΣգϼ޻ЦЦ˼ɱħơ

һɷϢͻȻüͷһ
תħƣͷųɻ򣬻Ϊħɷ
䣡
һɫƬŴɱ
ת֮ʣɻʷͷſһɻʵȼķȻ̿ŵϽһ򣬼
ɻʣĹ
һ̶ǰģþûָоǵõ֮ʵҲһľͷ
ɱ֮ʣȻо־Ϯ
ħͷСүһɻʣҲֵ﹥ɣ
ɫɱǰʮɣɿ
ֻɿ󡭡֪˭ڱ֣ɿͻȻȻ汻ֻ̻͡ɿ󣬸ղǵƺ«һ˶ϵر
ɿ죬¶ŶˣСүΣ
ˣƴһУҲҪ֪ζ󷽣澹Ȼվϳһɫ桢֡
һˣѪ⡢ƤѪ£ںϣ仹͸žԣ·һ
ǿҵһζЩ⣬Īһ
·˳δţҿĮȻЦɿٶ츳зӵܡƺ«Ƕرֻдɿȷ£ҵٶȳɿвǽûʤ㣬ٴθһԼһɿʬ壡
οɲһ
ϤЦŴħɷӿϿ֮𵴡
̤ͨɽͷˣħɷ⸴ѹ
һɨħʿϧħţһһʿҲͶһʬˣΪǷ˴˶ھУʮһٸɣҲǱ֣ɲ֮ǰɻʶΪ
ǵȷ˶ڣߣͨɿԱͣ£ٿ棬÷Ҫնɱ
ٿ棬ͨɿˣ겻ͨѾΪһɣȻǣͨɻҲѾָⷽӵһһ졢ɻΪԮ֡
˵õ壬ΪӦһ磬ɻ죬޷նɱˣѾаմڲ֮ء
ȻУӡı䣬һħɲɣҿħСӣζܲЩʣãͽɱںϺʬʥʯΪ⻯

ħԿֲ֮٣Ϊʮɾ޴˲ɿͨ
ͨ׼Ӧ֮ЦЦ߳Ӱ˲ִ߶һħס
ɻӳħ֮ϣħһԾ𣬻Ϊʮɾ޴󣬸պñħС
ħħ״󼸱Ҳ٣ħײϻεħⷽɻԽֲ
Ȼɻʣ𡭡ħ󷽣Ѿ޷֮ǰǸʤȯգû뵽ԷȻɻ
ٿ߶֮Сˣһƹעѷɻƣûȥһж
ˣɿæΪΣ档
˿̣潫Сڣոմͷһʮħɣ֮ǰ붾һ׷ɱЩħʿ
ǻɻԮֻ֣һһ죬ɻʣΪѾɻ۷壬ǾƾɻʣħԸȻ⣬δţΪ¶誡
¶ͻȻͨ棺λˣֻܼʮУܴܶˣ
¶ɻʶΪ֮Ǹ߲㣬ʵҲǳǿȻ˵ȷԻܶˡ
ĿһƳʸ䣺סʮħǿߣ붾֣ǽ鷳ϣ
ಣ
ɿ׼ɱʮħǿߡ
ӿâ滯Ϊһ֡
ħ桢Ƴ涼ϣͨҲħֲħ棬߶
ʱɿΪףħ桢ħɱʮħǿߡ


2084 ˶

˷¶誡ɻִ֮߶ħͷųħɷԿԶǿơ
ֵܵס˹ϾɻʼһħףҲǿɻʶ۷壬Щ࣬Ѿ̫ңԶ
˲ȻŭٴͷаħΧһģһĶˡ
⻯
˵ȷֲ뵱һȣоΪͨ־һ㣬ڴ߶öɲָʱܴ߷
⻯֣˽ⷨӡ⻯һÿһȻԲɻ߶ȣŵĽһ˷¶誣ڶԿնɱһɻʶǿߡ
ͨӳħף¶誡Ȼ߶ħ֮ɻ뷨ںϡ
ݣ
һɲն·ƿĽ޵С
ûħףʵͨԸͨ뷽¶誡ͷǿҲ޷ֵסһˡ
ħ׺ת˲һ¡һײնĽ֮ϣȻħ׷һ룬ǻʧħ׻ǵֵסʧ
ͨһѪ¶誡ûд󰭣ֻİˡ
ݣգ۵ڶƿնһںھʯɵĽӶǿϿȿռڲ
һĽâħϿһûѹħףͨһѪ¶誡Щɫ԰ס
Ѿܽ±֪ܽ¼ϰٵ̶ֳȽܽ¶٣˼״֪Ѿǿ֮ĩҪʰֻʱ⡣
ٴɱϿȿռ䣬˿ħײֻܽӲ
ٿ˺󷽣ѪʧڳɫӿѪںϣָҲһʮ˲ιҩԼѪͻѪһηն
ۣ
ʮϢ
Ѿɱһħ׷֮ҲһѪٿ¶Ѿ
ͨ·𿴵ǼˣһˣûٽĽ¶Ҳˣɻ޷߶˸޷Կˣ
ˣ
ͻȻվϿˣϢͷŵԣһηϢȻγɡ
¡
ʱ߽նħһ˲䣬¶ͬʱ˺·˼ޡ
һȡͨɻΡȻ˽ɻͷųҪ߶طɻ֮߶ͨ
ܿɻĴһһɻ
Ȼܣ֪ҲţԿԼɻ
¶ҲǷǳԾӷһֱ׷ɱ棬֪ĲǷߡ
һߣѾȫ泬Խɽԭס񣬶ָΪķߣʷ泬Խˡ
û˿ɻһҲֻѡţκһˣûжԸ˵İ취
ֿƵڰ˵ΧϿȿռ䶼ŽΣСӣԵ˰ɣΪһɻһ졢֣ܿɻ죿ֻǴɾ磬ϸ񷣬ܲ뱾ھ͹ԹԽƺ«ܡﶼԷһ·ᣡ
滺𣺡ӷɽ磬Ҳǧ꣬ҾꡢĥѲ죬ΪɣˣҽҪʶߵķɣ
ǷߣЩ⡣
Ѿһ֣Ի֮У·ʹߣ첻ҪɱңһɣҪնɱɻʲô֮һɱɻʾɱ㲻ҪУħҲᱻһգݲ
֪ߵغħţֻͨϣиĴϣħʲôһͷժ£ʬȡ͸࣬һõĸʬ
ߵһߣ˿һΪɴһɲǾնϷ
Ǳɱ֮У
ʱ¶誡ܷԭزϷͻȻһᣡ
ˣ
һֳˣӦһɫԲ֡
֣
ɱĽȥȻӵϷ͸ɻɻӵ֮к֮
죬ίʵ죬һͨΪ͸ɻζڶݣ¶һ˿
飡
ն֮ϣȻϷ࣬Ҳ۵ľͨ
಻ͬͨͨҪӡȥ᷽ʩչȻһ츳ֶΣ˲Աܱͨ
ûб飬ɢ٣Ϣ޷ѹ֣ʧӡ·ɱˡ


2085 ˿
۷ΪԴɻ֮дǧʱ߶ֱ֣ӿɻ쿹⣡ʧڳ˿Լ޴߷ķ֣ɻ⣬·磬˿
٣ûвϮ
˼
¶誱ѳΪܾ򲻰˼ʸû뵽֮ܿסһ΢΢ռϷ磬Ѿ֮ǰץҲ޷뵽һĻ
ʱ˾ɻУΣһɣһɻʡ
Ǳʣһִ
ͻȻԷ¶ҡҡͷˣˣδһᳬԽңΪһλɻʣȥɻʵ۷壬ͥľͷ
ҷǳһλڴΪ֮ϣ˰Եĵ֮δĪǻΪһۣ¶Ŀɿڴ
ɱ
˿⻯ͻȻƤۡ
ⲻһͨ·ɣΪںһ壬ΪһĽߣһɻʣ֮ͬУ޵еĴڣɻ죬ӵʵ
ôںϽ壬ȫںϣǸûʤ㣡״潫âʢɱ
˴һһһ⻯ϴ
·Ǻɫʯں϶ɣ֮꣬Уֲǳ֮
һɱΧϿȶʱһּ״̬֮׷ţԶ籩ʧϿȿռ䱻ͬпռ侹ȻһϵĹ컭档
ݣ
ֲն֣
˿
֪ԷǿһͻȻı䷨ӡѪ𶼴ﵽ˼¡
֮˿̳ͬȻ໥֯γһƬɫ˿ߺɳ֮УնĽȥ
꣡
ɱнɫٽ˿Ҳн
û뵽ǽն˿һֽ˿̼佫͸Ѻۼ
䣡
ڸ߿ձըͬűը˱ƷѪ
ãŶѪȻ˲ᡣ
Ҳ˵ͨһĻ¶ʹЦݣҲŷɱ׼ɱˡ
ȻһɻԱ֮ǰ٣ǿд߶ǧʱʱ˷·ͿգƼֲסá
ͻȻˣӡٶȼӿ죺ˣҿܿãҪնɱڴˣ۾
˲뷽¶誡ΧɻƣǻͻȻԭΪɻʷڷջ档
㾹ȻܿɻתΪ¾˴ͨǽ
ΪϣʮĶˣҲԴΪԦͨľֶΣ𺳵
ǼƬɻƱ֮ǰǿһʱ䶾˾Ȼˣֲּ׳оԼпܣһС

һε亹Ӷϵ£ģߣȻһ̣óͷ
ŷȣħŵӣԮ
һ֣ǼסǲҪɱˣ״̬ɱȫʢ״̬Ҳɱ˴ˣҪܷ׷ɱǣ
һ̣ͨ¶誡־ü˶޷ɡ
һ̽¶誡ɻʣ߷£ǧʱҲˡ
ÿ·ڳգû˿
Ҳһɻǿߣոյõ壬ȻǼλɻʶ֣ǻһɡ
ٴ⻯һѪɫҲϾɾ
һƿնڹǺɻʵĽѾȻڱ
Ҳɱȥתڲ߽֯·ƶɱ
Է·֮еĽߣҲżȻõģնɱҮɼõ۷֮γĽߣ治֪߾Ǻĳ
ߵǿѾһͨȷƻ
ģɻ֮õĶˣһ
䣡
˫ɱһû뵽ߣ·𱻽һ˲䴩͸
ձըҲʧǺȴȻתֻǹâһЩ
۵һǶѪ֮ǰҪأɫ԰ףħɷû֮ǰɡ
ˣ
ˣҾܽնɱɻƶ·ɱȥ
࣬ԭϵ࣬⡢СӾˣܵõһԶŵķഫУɶ񡭡
ɱһɽȻһָȻ󷽿
ߣҳȥħŸɱͬԴ󷽳۾żˡ

ɽɱ߶ħǿеסɽɻȥǷɱȥ
һˣ˵һڻıһΣͬʿȴǿ󣡡


2086 ˵
¶誽޵ӣҲ·ʧȥɫʣǲһߣ
ͻȻȣɿ뿪ֻǳˣӦڵȴħǿ֧ԮڲߣԶ޷뿪ɽ
桢ɿħʮħǿʬ壬мֻˣûɥ˲ɱɱͨ¶誡ڲ
ɿΪɴ󣬽סһɻͨҲħڣɲһɫӰԼɻʧȥ
ܿ죬ϷɳϿȣٴͷŷȻϿȣ̫رΪҵģû뵽ͣԼԦɻ֮ΪУˣҾټǿΧɱ㣬µòбҲҪڶ
Ĳᣡ
֪·ǵɻϢֻ۷ˡ
ɿϣȥϿԨ֮ԡ
Ϊ𣬽븹УȻΪʮɶȻǱǱ
滹Уͨ˿·Ρ
ҷıǣʵﵽɣΪҲ࣬ǿκҲ޷˵ҵ壬ɻʣԪܵ⣬ܿȥ֮⡣
ֱ뿪ɽǼڸҲʼϢɵҩ潫ռ˲ιָɣгɫָѾǳˡ
ÿ˶ˣҲľ˵һΣɽˮĵزһһѣ⽫ɻ߷£嶾ˣҳɹĻˣҲԻɱǼˡ
ϾûУҲɣɻһʵ㹻ɱǡ
ӮˣҲǼֶʩչ̫죬նγôһ˿ɵȥ뿪ɽ
¶誡ɻʿο˴󹦣ãͨн컯ˣ·¶ǿߣǷߣҲȻܣ֪ɻΪʱ޷УȴҲо
˷ܲѣǴĵ׶桢ͨƾոմսʤɻһĻѾأԶΪͨЧȻ컯
ԴҲٲˣʵԼҲкöǷ¶誣Ȼͨռˣ˼ͨø¶
ʮϿȣ
ʦܣ
ħǿ߾ۼϿΧϷϿȡ
ħǰüħŵɻǿߡ
ɻʶţԶֶΣȻɽˣһ˶ѰҵĴʿ档
˲԰׵ĵȷ֮ǰҲҶ϶ӵƺ«Ǹʿ棬ȷ֮׷ɱɻʷϴر٣ϲƺ«кü챦
Ϊõƺ«ȥɹ֣ȥɹѾһΪ棬ΪУûӾȻɽһɻš
÷׳죬ҲҪҳ
֪ͨⷽħ׷ɱӣҪܽУ֪ⷽ
뼸ɻʣ¶֮ÿ˴Ŵħǿ˷ȥ
棬ڶָֻǱɫڰˡ
Լꡣ
ⲻ֪ºɣ뿪ɽΧ
˴뿪ƴŻָһ㣬Ǵ״̬ɿż뿪ɽΧ
;淢ִħǿѰһǾȻΧ棬֪ħ´׷ɱƲǿڳǳءɽһЩѰ䡣
֪֮󣬵ںȻӳɽͲٵʲô
ԶǧһԱɽ˾úش桢ɿڴ֮⣬
öɲ
ƺ«ڣһžը˲仯ΪѪ׾ˣ۷ǡɫѪΪѪΪ
ɿｫʮħʬȡöɲѪ֮Уһʬ飬Щħʬ壬ȽʬڲħɷΪħɷͨ
ʧȥħɷʬ壬ΪɾֱöɲںϣҲһΪͨɿ棬¶誡ɻʣҲò
桢ɿйԼ컯ϣϢڷֲ
̫֮࣬ϡϡ٣ɻΪɵ֮ͨ
̤ɡԼɻʾ磬ȻʿԣΪٶȷǳ֮ʿͻΨһԴȪԶ֮ļԦȷһʿͻٶȣԼδĳɾ͡


2087 
֮֮Уʿͻƽɣɾʥ̤һڽ𵤣һͻơ죬֮󣬽𵤾𽥸Ӧ֮Ҳ֮
ȻԦ֮ԭкܶ࣬硢ԪҲֻһԭˡ
֮¶誡ϻָٶȻǱȲָͨ졣
ƸƯ˸ӿ«֮Уں«ռ仯ΪöɲѪںϳɫ۷ǣ˲ιԼԴ
ָһȻ棬öɲٶѾԽͬȾ屶ͨĲٶ
ʮһζöɲͻȻΪ汾뿪ƺ«ռ䣬֮һɨִƻָңʱգҪͻһ硣
죡
ɻʾǴ֮ͬͨҪǿ¶誡ն֮һɻʽ𺳣Դ֮Ϊ̤ɻʴûʯ
һ̣Ҳʼ֮ȲɻʣҲͨء𵤡Ԫĳ
ƻָ۷壬ʵҲԲ״̬֮һܸͻơ
Լ֮ڼƿ֮УƬغҲǶ
ƼָһΧһЩѪǳ̬ܿ컯Ϊֲâ
ž
˲Ž顣
ͻˣ
Χļ˱ƣͷƤ飬һͻƲ
飬ǽ𵤡ϴ󲿷Ҳ飬ǽ𵤺һɫţ˲γɾİ֮ƣ񽭺֮ˮҪأ񷡣
ͷųְԵͨ·ͨ˲ɱź
Ƥȫ˺ѣܿѪѪ⡢顢գѪɫûγɵա
Լ죬Ϣ·ոս磬̥ǣѡ
̤죬״̬ҲˣȻʵɱһҵʵҲɶ£˵ԸɻʣλҲǳʵС̫Сˣ
ͻһݣǰ˷ϲ
뵽̻ƺ«ͥǿ߶Ѱ䣬ɹҲǿ߶ϣкӡ楡Ǳɽĳ;ôһС
ûһ̣ڴӵǿ󹦷ûо縨ԶҲֻһߡ
֮ںϳɫ۷ǡ
۷ǵڶԸǻᣬٴԵϵĿ¡
õУӵ֣ɻ֮չֳĪ⣬˶һĻʼ
Լһɻһ죬һ߶۴з࣬ȫʮɰջɱɻĶˡ
ַ«ռ䣬ȳһǧŮӡиӽⶾճħħ涼ͨ
˶һħͨȴ
ҩЩͨʿãʵЩŮ֮УҲΪǴɵĴڣûɣЩΪŮƻ⣬ΪױӡиԶⷽ
ȻмѣٴλָɣÿĶĳЩӣؾֲǵͷǶɵɾѪҩЩֲܰǸٱȳ˸ͻɡ
ͨҲָܿڳһ磬¶誡ѻָ߳ңָֻٶȻǳˡ
ҵþϻɹڴ֮ǰһħΪأһ桭
ΪϹ̣Ҳʼж
һ¶̷⻯ʽ
⻯ʵѣֻҪԼԪΪֻϵʿܶշ⻯
滹δ̤ɣɾԪͬѰױȣԼһ꣬һ⻯עѪС
ˣɿǰ
潫֮ǰƺõķ⻯ղо֮꣬УϤԪǣҪȥħŵѰһǳأҪȻڳǳ֮ɱħǿߣȻ⻯Ȼ飬Ҫ˶֪Ʒħŵ֣ϣܰɹٻþٻ;еģ
ɿҪʲôͷͻһ꣬ʧڿС
ɿٶȣ߶ȣȥħŵҲͲʮ죬ػһ¡
ʱһţһ£ɿͻˡ
ȻҲɹò£ħƿһǳڣǿߣ⻯ʩչ⻯ʵһֳƺ«Ϊ
ɿǴȻƻźܶħǿ߹Ȼڳǳأʩչƺ«ɱħǿߣҪ֪ƺ«ɿ뿪ǳأ˳


2088 оڰ֮
ˣöл㣬㽻֣һ޷뵽취ٿΪɹ
ʱƣ¶誡صͨڡ
ͨٶȥƻҪһܾ꣬ҪصɹԼ¡
ͨϢǱһħǣ̻
ͨþʹϢ̻Ἰƺ«֣ħŸǿ߰Ѱ䣬Ҳͥʿ
ƺ«ֵϢѾͥƻעתƵɹܵвҲ
˽뿪·ȣͨһǳء
ҵ̻̳һɹ浱һѪ
ˣⲻܹ㣬Ѿ֪ɹʮǰͱǿ߹ƣ
̻¥ܶ˶棬ܿûȥעֻһɰˡ
ͨס棬ܸܵʱ˿ж
ռϢɹʮǰΪһƬ棬֮гԭΪǿɱƺ«ӶɹŮӡ
ҪɹƽǰǰϢԼвⳡƽٵʿһҼ̻ȥռϢ
ɹûˣ
˵ɣԼ޹أ
Ϊƺ«Լɹʮӣе
о˺ѷΣԺᡢɡȵŮӵģⳡ
ͨռϢһ뿪̻̳֪˳˶ãĬĬһһҾ¥
̫棬̫޷ɽĲпᣬɹʮӳƴ󲿷ҲڷҪòⳡƽʿѪծѪٴһѪΧԺʿŵòᣬû˸Ҷ࿴һۡ
ʱڵ˵ϴ̫ոҸоѪ֮ʣܵ𵴣ˣ
ʲô
뵽ɹⳡƽ٣ԴﶼɹĻ˼Լ
ֻͨˣƺ«ɹϢ治١
濴֮󣬸Ϊʹ̫˻ɱɹȡоϤĺɽǿߴ˾Լߣ⣬вɻʣǿ߳ᣬ綫ͥ
ͥ
Ȼ븵Ƹйأ滹ǵϴڷǿߣԶʹͷ֮µǿߡ
ǺˣֻҪǿߣһҲŹΪصɹ
뿪ǳ֮󣬾ó֣ɻΪʩչٶȣż˷ɳ۸·
ɻƿ֮£Ư״̬ʱʱӡһһڴ߶Ѫѹڿ񱩵Ѫ
ƺ«ɹɻǿ߱Ȼ٣ֳ˾ͥ־ǿߣұҪ̤ɣûΪƳ¶ɻʶԸЩǿߣ̫ѣ
Ҫǿ
ִڳɫںϣ۷ǡ
ڰ֮ţ
ƺ«֮УѰԴȴһĺڰϢΪ֮һ
֮ǰħ֮Уðնĺڰ֮
ǺڰħرǴ󲿷ֺڰʿɽ졢׵ͨϽڰʿҲͨڰ֮ţࡢԨڰ硣
һʯͷĴ
żֺ棬ֳһʶӦڰ֮ţֺڰ֮ſһʯͷʵһƷɵʣҲ˵ɷ
ԭڰ֮רƶɣǿȥȻʯ
ǧɽˮųѨǿڰ֮ţһûʲôͬ΢΢Щͬˣڰͨڰ֮ռ䣬ʵ
ʶϳ͸ڰ֮ţӱ룬֯ɣЩʶһ͸һϢ·һƶɡ
Ʋ⣬ҲҲǺڰ֮ܳΪͱһشԭ
ĴʶֻܸӦڰ֮Χһɿռ䣬޷У룬ʩչǧʱӳ֡
߶£Ԫ񱬷ʮֹٴ͸ڰ֮ŸУҲÿ֮жһ󣬻͸һںϣһصγɺڰ֮⴫
˼ãΪڰ֮žһƣƶĴ󷨡
Ǻڰ֮ܣȻ˵ܼ򵥣Ҫ߶ڰ֮ŷǳѣպڰ֮մطӡӡв٣һҪһ㣬߶ڰ֮žǴ߶Ҫʯ취̳ṩûǿʢ޷߶ڰ֮š
ʯ̳ûҪڰ֮ڲռһҪƿغڰ֮ڲռӡմ߶ڰ֮ţȻʿԣûкڰħҲ޷߶ڰ֮š
˾ڰ֮У޷߶޷ӵкڰħ˭ǺڰǿƳĴͱ


2089 ɹ
ڰ֮ڲռӡǺöмӳ֮ٶȣ
Ҳδڰ֮ȫ͸ΪѾմ󲿷ַܴӷ֮ӡռӡ
һʱ䣬ͻȻоضǺȻԭѾͥ
Żһʱ䣬ɻٶȾܴﵽǧɽ
ˣ
ãһϤ΢Զֱӿ档
֮ſ۾Ժγţֵ
ţҲϴǧɹ˶֪ӵƺ«ɹִ֣
ǿ߲ǱѹȻɱѰ䡣
̫潣Ƿɹ̳ѱֳ˾ŴֹƣܶɹӱѹһЩɹҲ䣬ñѹ³
ϴ󣬵ڱƣǶͥǿߣüɻʣͷһ꣬ƺɿյӣеӸҲóȥܱܷͷ
ϴɹ֮һɽǧĪ׻ɹܶ൱ǿ߶㣡
Իţֵһȶ֮ͷͨ籨š
ĬţԼ
Զ̤붫һԪҲ˶
ȡƣɵԪӿ棬ǧĪţжԶӶԶ˶õ㣬õ㱦мŷ
ǳΪ㣬ǵòǱɱǱ˻׽ߣ棬ɹһɣҺ㣡
𽥰ӳóԷжԼȻȻǸҲܸܵΡ
º󣬼ڻص򣬵Ҫɹһʱ䣬ѿʼ߶ᡢɡӦ
һֱûжţ˻Ӧҥпɹϡ
ԽżоʱԽͬȥ⾰濴Ϥǻˡ
ɹǧǧɽΧóصͨڣͨȥ̫潣ŵ
̫潣Ҳɹ̳磬һƬ֮أ޴ĽӡЩӡɱǧأγɲٽԨ
Ҫ˶ˣͬذĽڷ棬ͨŭɶ
滹ʿϢɹӣˣƶΪϴЩᱦǿߣɻϢ
̤ͨ뽹ڷ棬һЩŮʬ壬ڷ֮УЩŮӽɹӣ༰䱯ңʬ崦Ǹ˺ۣѾڿʼá
ãϼ·һڲ¶誣˳ȥҽʮʿץסҪģ
ͨɻͷųһʱɱ飬ɻʼæһһ
ҲδһȻܸܵɹԴϢʬϢн֮ࡣ
˽⵽ɹɳԼ⴦̳Ӫ̳Ҳȴ֮һɥڴˡ
֮УܸӦһЩɹŮӲܴоϢϹϢҲܸӦһ˿˿
ãĿ񷣺ǵҪˣ﷢ģҪЩ˫մѪʿѪծѪ
ͨҲŭɱûпǱȼɹѾɹһ飬֪ɹһɣҲõӱɱ³
ڤڤ֮У޲֮ΪһŮӲӰԺ֮УԽһܿһɹŮӵò󲿷İģҲһЩ䣬ġ
һգûпɹ
չͨڷԶһɽȣʱӰǷ¶誡
ͷһӿɻӿƹâ
¶誼ɵɻʣһ䣬ҪɱɻʣҪһʱԷҲ
ЩɻնɱһҲܲˣͨڸԪʶƸռ䡣
һΣ«ռ䡣
Ư󷨣һİٶˣΪԴΪһ֣һЩʥ

ܶ˼Ӱ٣ģҲ޷Կɻʷӡ

ͻȻָԪսսҡͷ
˲ܶ˶ϳ˭
ǲϧɹͷƤѰǸӵƺ«ʱͥ𵴵档
˴ȻìܵУǷףղŶǳֵɻʣȻйأУ


2090 ͳͳΪ
ЩԽţԽвеŵҡ
渺ֶ˷·ԾĺĵǲΪҶվǰǲΪƺ«Ǿڱռ䣡
ƺ«
һ̣˶Χ˿Цãֺ̾
ΡȻвɱɹɱӣҵϣ֪Щɱɹӣǽ֪һпӡڷ֮УʮϢ
ҡҲƬʱɹѾ޹ذһɼæ͡
Ҳǡ
˹
ǼȻˣҪıϱѾϢޱ飬Ҳûһ˿ɱ
û˵󲿷ʵѾзƯ
潫ʮ˾ȻûһЦͻȻ
ϴ󣡡ɿࡣ
ףＤ쳣緢ζʳӡʮֱ죬һԡ
תۣʮ˱Եһʣɿ濪ʼŵʿŵûɢ˱
ʶع鱾ͨǧɽϤյ֮Ѱһɽ
ҪЩʿţȡͻɶ죡֮󣬾ó¶誳ͨڴ֮⡣
ڴ֮У˲ʩչöɲ
˸оˡ
⣬ΡΡͨҡҸоʱпֽܳĨɱ
ɹɽ磬һƺ«ⳡƽ٣ҲоѾһˣͨҲɻʸ
ڣ
ΪѪ棬Ѫһ̣ƸƯһ˲һٱʿʥҲдɣҲжʮˡ

⡢ħ幦ħֶΣ
Щʿӱ«ռѪϷ·ѪˮԼѪѾû뷨
䣡
öɲͻȻѪץסЩʿѪˮ֮С
Щ˷·׹Ѫġ
ȴޱ߶컯öɲǽʿΪ
ʬ岻ͬǻöɲɻˣЧȻʬʿľϣ𵤻Ԫ񣬶Ϊ֡
꣡
öɲӿѪ֮Уһ˲䶼ǹо˵ĲҽСġ
ϧöɲչ֮󣬸һ޴Ѫɫḥ̂ʿһƶ׹ĥ֮У³һ
öɲԽˣɫͷŵԣһѪںϣöɲʱʱ̿ǿ󣬻һʿѪ֮еѪϢﵽ۷塣
ǧ꣬δһ̷֡һȥɹҶʮͨŮӾǲǱѹ۾һз𣿡
ɽ뷲һҲǿʳʵͿɱʿȡʵħͷҲᱻϿɣһҪվϷ´Ӵ˽ҵͷħͷкη
һ˫۾Ѫ˿ֽͫ˿
ѪħħԼϱѪöɲ״̬ա
Ѿûʿɥ
һ꣡
֮Уöɲ״̬棬ͻȻΪ𣬽žԼ顣
ʼͻƣһݴ졣
ͻ֮࣬÷¶ȥץЩƺ«ʿжץ١
֮ǰʮʿԱĿã˲ħ֮ͨҲֻ̾Ϊֹɵ
֮е棬ֻһͷûʹ࣬ûжй٣Ǿ̤ɣֻ̤ɣӵɻʶԿİա
ãͻƽ˳̤죬ոͻƣ黯Ϊöɲ
ٴƺ«ץˣѪɫ֮зɣѪʿһɱ
ã
ϴ󣡡һϤԪԶ
ţ
澪ϲЦЦ
ܿͨʹţҥһ棬ţͼ¡
ţʵҲ̤ɣǴҥʵҲ뿪ʮ꣬˻صɹõóԴһɹУǿ
ţϽ˵ϴҺǧɽҲдѰƺ«ʿɻҲУϧɹ̳һԻΪһƬ棬ʬɼ
˵˵һȥʿ˽ɹһš
ţ̻᷷ƺ«Ϣ˽ɹΧֱֳ˾ֹͥԼɻǿɱһĻĻԵ˵
δ˵꣬Ѿȭͷ߬֨֨졣
꣬ͷӿɼһ͹𣺡̻᣿û̻ᣬֻһ֪ӵƺ«ҲԷɹӣͲнһУǴ̤ɽ翪ʼƺע̻ΪˣһҪ̻ᣡ


2091 Ԫɾ
̻ɲ򵥣
ʱ豦̻̻ͥᣬ̳鲼ͥžΧͥɽҲѾ̻̳ÿһ̳ɻأƺ豦̻ʵһһɻʼǿߣٲˣλɻʣ̻Ҳʮ̻ͥ͸ٹ̣
̻жǿɽҲҲҪɽʧǸֹҲˣȷԺֳһõֹŶ촫еǸǿߡ
ֹţ
˵Ҫɱ֣ǳ²ڱԴл
ţͷɹ˹֮ɹһֱиռΧۼֹųǵҳ־ǿӶӼ䣬úܶŮԪ飬Ϊһʬ⣡
ֹţǿ󣬴ӴĺǣҲҪɱ㣡ֻ˫ͫ˸ؽ˿׵硣
ţͻȻޱȣЩˣƺǡڡħЩһҲǿڰݣɱɱɹӣ٣ǿʼݣӳɹлȥЩͬӳ׷ɱĵӣۼЩӹȻɱɹӣ
ƺǣ
ڣ
ħţ
ǵħҲˣȻƺڡ
ãڼ˶ĺ·Ϣһ㣬ͻȻʵЩǿߣ
ǿ̫࣬ʵ̫࣬ɻʣֳ˾ֹšͥ꣬ЩͲ˵ˣҰкüǿߣ⼸˷ֱǳ¿ħɢˡˣֳһͥÿ˶֪Ǵбʵ죡ţһͷ֡
¿ħɢˡʱţָ˵꣬̲סզһ
Ȼ֪¿ħɢˣ
˿ʱȻЩ㱣ŻԳ¿ħɢ˶ǳ죬ǰһͬͥ㲻Ϻܺѣ̸ǵˣֻҪǵˣѣδ¶ѹʱΪɻʶ죬Ӧ̤˰ɣ
ȣҲʲôö
˶ɢޣһħɢųħţǸɽЩƣ֪뿪ħţǵȡһħħšڳ¿ഫһߣҲ˵ԼǷߣҾЩ񣬴ʵʱΪɻʶ죬ʵܴﵽɻ죬Ϊ˿ʵҲӦһߣ
ħųϹϵ
ˣҹų¿ħɢˣʵҲɻ죬Ҳп죬ɻʾ粻ͬƣһ磬ʮʵо䲻ϤҲˣ꣬ʵΪ
ۡǿ߽ӽ
浭ɨü΢΢ס
ɻίʵ£ȴֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬׷ɻʡ
˽ԳĬţЩʣţǿɱɹӣɹӦûһЩӳţ䣿
ţش𣺡ǿҾͲֹ̫šֳ¿񡢾˽ǵµľͷɹŮӣ󲿷ֻӳĵˣӶѹ˵ֳ˾ץǧŮӣǿҲѹһЩӣӳĶĬĬԶܶȥһഫܶǿѹɹӣȥħšºڰ̻ύףһɹŮӼ۸ߴһʥ׷ɳֵӣ۾һʽ׷
ž
һ֮һĳǰγձըüԪЩ
ɱ⣬ʱǶɱѾڴ֮С
ˣ
ͻȻһ̣濴ΧмϢлһɻʣѾֻΧ
ҥ񲻰⣬ӦǴɹʱǲۼ׷
ͨתһɻʣѶԸһ֣ᱻǿ߲
Ц÷¶誻ˣǲżԷֻһɻһ죬֮ѹȥԸǼɣҪģ
ǣ뷽¶誺ֻҪһɻʣԿ֮£ԸɻʾҪһ㹦򣡡з¶ûͨһȥ
з¶誡ڣ˲Ķӡ
ɿû꣺ˣţᵽλԶͥ꣬ǰǸӣ
ͥ
ͨĿɿϣɸƸ½Ѱӡɹɱɹٵӣ˲ңҲȥ˵˵ӣֿʼԽϸԽã
ɿ󻺻ܿļɵԪɾǳñϣ˿ȥֻһʮ꣬һͷڶʹ϶ʴ£һһĴ󽫣Ϊɻʾ죬ڳĵ֮һ̤Ǹ磬ɽҲӵ˵


2092 ɱ
ɻʾ졭
˷·𶼽ֱԭأ
޵еĴڣһɻ죬ܺɨɽ磬˵ָĴڡ
ӵɻʾΪ滹δʵԪɾǿʵλ
ʱ˿̣һѹ·ÿϢ䣬ҷ·û˺
ɿĥƬ̣˵ԪɾʵʵΪǿʵ޷Ԫɾ֮ǰͿԳԽɻʣΪһǿûУɻʾ磬ҲܱͥľίΣ˿ءҲ²ԪɾǲԸͻɻʣ̤۾磬д˵ҪԽеҪȴһΪҲ²õӡԶʥϴ
ͨͻȻ°ͣҡҡͷ˺ôҰģӡʩչڻͼռ䣬Կͼӡ״̬Ī⣬˭ĲԪɾõرδɾ;Ͳһͷ
ͻȻӡ㾹ȻõǵȲ֮
濴ôҲ֪ӡ
߿ͷ֮󣬻Ըվ̤ɻʾ磬ʵѾ̤֮޵ɻʴžӵгΪǱʣ󲿷ֶ꣬ܳΪһɻʣڰȻ˵ӡ̤ɻʣǶӡഫ˽⣬ǿԶſٵʥκһʱ֮Уһɽ磬ӵӡ͵ɽףʵѾһףһڽ;еӣ
ӣ
Ȼȫףζӵӡ·Խˣӵһ֮еԽС
Ҳӡ֮иΪ

ԪһˣɲͷŸӦԭ֮⣬¶ͷɻʳƿٴգ
ˣ
¶ͨ£ͷŷӡƣӡ֮ʮˣжʮɣʣ඼Ǵɡ
лһɻʣһΪ
Щ˶Ƿ¶һ£ǧɽѹǿߡ
ӷ¶ϱ˲佫ù£Ҳɺϣ¸ոճȥѹʿɻü͵Ϯ󣡡
ĿɻϣһˣŽʮӣƲᣬȷǷ¶誶֣һ磬ʵ֮
ͨףɻʽѹӴеɻʣ˴˲ɱ֮ǣֱΪܣƿأ
̰ͨᣬɨɻЩʿϣٺ٣ҪɻԼɻʿܣЩҲҪ
ЩҪץ棬ұ«ּ䣬һɡɽͨһָ桢ɿţ
¶誡ǱעΧһһ
ٶţʵԪɾںδ
ţһ¶ʧɫҵʮǰ֪ɹûӴ˾붫ɹǿʧƬ޷ҵ䣬Ԫɾܻܿع鶫ͥ
ʣɹкܶǿ߰Ѱң
ȻУ˻٣ҲǽǧˣɣɻҲһЩƺ«֣ϴô£ţɻʵ
Ԫɾ
öɲһǿߣɡɱѪֱɣѪɫںϣΪһֿԽٻ
Ԫɾг¿ħɢˡˡֳ˾ֹŵȵǿߣΪƺ«ϧɱɹ޹ӣѪһһֻ
Щʱȥɹ̳ţҲ֪Լȸ߲Ҳɹ߲вֻܻǹˮǿ߽֣ܻ̫潣ɱڰǿߣһΪɻʵ
ǵûţ﷢ģҪˣҪʬǻţҲҪǾȳǺƽٵ򣬶ǹҪ˶ϣ
״̬£滹һϤӡ
ЩǿѹɹӣһҪȻء
ֻһ˼ǿ̤ɣ·涷Ҳ֮Ժ
ɻŵĴɡɣʵ죬ʿܴ
Щʿڽ𵤡Ԫŵ۽Աöɲ룬֮һ˿˿֮ʱᣬʵʱʱ̿̽ɫںһ룬Ƶ̤ɣһöصĲϵջΪ첻֮塣
ܴӷ̳նĲɹӲʱӣ
ڻһ֮ǰ̫潣ŵն
ܴ󣬿Ԫᣬʩչƿأξ֣֮ںȻ


2093 Ϣ
һ̣նںϣȴںϹУһӵӰǱɽ̴壬ʱɱֻǱƱУеӱаħʿϴ֮ÿǰģ·ǰ֡
ǰΪûд
ɱˣ׽͸񿴵ǻþܿ϶ʵģһдͷųֻǱĳպ޿һС
ֳ˾
Ӳ潫߷£˭֪һЩɱŮӵǿߡ
󲿷ǿ߶壬һ΢΢ܿȴҲ޷Էģ
Щɱɹûһ˿Ĵɹӱ衣
ںϵһ̶ȣ濴նɱɹŮ֮Уһرһѹȡ
ǿߡ
ԭǻıǵֳʩչѻ֮ǿдɹŮϳ䣬Ԫֳ֮ŲѻɹŮӻεӰ졣
ɹŮӱռ䣬Ԫ޷ֳǿҲ֮飬Ӷ䡣
ɽһͷ˾һʩչѻ֮һɹŮӶ䣬Ԫ񣬶Ҵ˾ɹŮʬ壬ǵɸʬǽʬ̵ֱ봢䡣
ÿǰı飬ֳ˾ǧɥ
ںɹвҲЩǰĺȴѾӡ顣
ţ˽⵽ɹ̳ǻֳ˾У̳ɱ̳˫մɹѪӶɹ뿪ⷽ
꣡
գۼιɻŴɡɵ棬һٶˣٴͻƣ
öɲ״̬Ϊ𣬱㿪ʼ飬Ѫ֩˾Ķǡ
̤죬ɻݣû뵽ɻʿЧʬǿϰٱЩʿɹǷֲϵװɱϧɿҾ̤ɣ
飬𵤡ϡһԪ֮У̶΢һˡ
죬Ѵ̤졣
죬̤λɾ磬йͷųȥܸӦʮʣ츳ںϣʮÿһ䣬Ӳһ˫۾
˼ʣɹΪڵķգŴ
γɿ·籩·֮зƣڴʱһӰͻȻ
һŮӣʮͷӣ̷˫ͫ·¹⣬Щӫʱʱ
Ǻӣ
ʮ겻Ӹλᣬ·̥ǳΪһˡ
Χ뵶ۣķ续ϵϢղ֣Ӧþⷽǧ֮ĳطУҿӣץܽԪƽ⣬޷ƻͼ
Լһ㣬üһƳƺ̫ȷ֣ɱ֮ƿս볾
ǧɽ
֮⣬״̬ҲڸӦΧ
桢ɿ󡢷¶誡ͨڴ֮ͨǿһɻʣǷ¶֮ǰץǸǿߡ
ͨɻʿɲԷ¶誡ǰʴȣ뵽ɹֱӽɻԪɣɻʼǿԼ
ʩչѪ֮ԼԪطɻʬƣþֻѪʬںϣƳΪһɻʿܣĿܣûʶûֻһʬܰˡ
һоͶһɻʣɻǺúãԶʱɱһɻʶͷ
ͨҲһЩʿûע⵽󣬽ʹϱҲʼͻƣ̤ɶ졣
ͨͻɶ죬ƿɻʸףʵӦҲλʵɻʣѹɻʣۣҲпʱ
ͨͻҲ֮ѣʱʵ̤״̬
ʵȻҲӡɽƸʯס۷ǡɫɽһǽںϣƸջһǰĪ⡣
֮ǰõĺڰ֮ţҲںϿռ䷨ӡ
ע۷ǣЦ۷ǲѪ֮УҲӵЩ½˿ԽԽ࣬Щ˿ƻίʵ£۷ǲںϣ˿ʼһҪڵ
ˣ

ͨոͻƽ̤ɶ죬洦ȫ״̬СǧҲ߷״̬
ͻȻùĵһ沶׽֮󣬴֮дһϤϢϸϸ룬ȻǴظԼǰĸǿߣϢ
ڸ
üɽ׽ԶϢȻδӦþǳңԶ׷ɱˣˣǰһ㣬ɻʣԼΪҲǵնýСȳػͼ
ͷŸӦȻδֶԷϢߵϴ󣬺ӼȻǾͲ


2094 ʿ׷ɱ
ҳȥһˣȥҺӣʵΣ̫ǿǾȽնɱȳСƻ
ȲҪСֹͣУɻʽԻصͨڡ
ͨͻһݣֱûʿɣ״̬ϻ¡
˶̶ʱɳڿ쿿ɹѾϢ
ݾߣ÷¶ȥӦϢ
¶ȥһٶ⣬ɹԶͣԪλˣϢӦһλɻʣӦ۷£ʱϢӦҲɻʺǿʵɻ£
ȷͨʵ
ȷ߳ɣŮź쳾ڵӣŻ׿û뵽̶ʱ䣬ʵָܻɡĳɣ
Ȼ
ͨ´﷨ֿ棬Щ⣺Ǹ˾Ȼʵָ˵زҪɱƲףź쳾ڣҲвطҪɱֻɿܣ֮޷ﵽ޷ɱҲǰѹͷϡ
Ϊ̫ʵǹؼԸӱҪоųɰշ֣ܶŮȻܿᷢҵϢǲ֮ǰһҪЩǿֻѪծҲҪʵ
ãͨһиϡ
ܿ˫ͫ˸򶫷ٽأȥǴϹűԭ뷽¶誡һ̽̽ԭܣõһʵǾͲٶܺӡ
أ
ͨħɷ֮ͫмɵ֮ɫΪԣȻĺӣȴηء
ͨһզ¶誵Ըѹ꣬ΪǴϹűԭһһŮ·ᵽɽҾñԭӦöЩϵܵõҲ˵
˵ģͨ׳ʮֵͬȥأյȥһľͶһӰ
¶誺ܿȻûбӷ֣ȻŮҲʶ¶誡
˲ú·ɹȥշֱͨء
Ǹոմӵʮ⾭ɹͺͺɽ壬ͻȻһЩƣɲǻΪһʯͷգѡ
ܿ죬ʿ΢΢ͷâķץס
ֲĸӦֻҪɿ󿿽ⷽͻȻ֮УϢ׽ɿϢ
ٸߴˣ
ʿȡһ
ģȻԶͥ꣬ҲԪɾ
һԪɾʿȻ͸ɻ
Ϣ֮ԪɾɲǴޱϵ֮ɿѹǸķߣȻܷŹҪڣ

ʿ
񻺻ʧȥͨʯ̣֮˲һΧ۶ȥ
桢ͨԶɹ;桢ͨǳϤɽ¾ܽء
ϴ󣡡
ͻȻڣӦ͸żɵɻϢɹ׷ǶʮɻϢǳԵ
ɻʣ

һᣬʵǺӣ
صǺӣϢҺûкϢǰޣӦòɻ֮еǿߣһʱ䣬Կ϶׷Ƕ
ٶλһӡ
ʮϢ󣬲濪ڣʹ츳֮УһϤϢȻϢһǶͥǿߣ
ͨ˲һ£ǲԪɾ
ӦòԪɾԪɾٶȸΪֲѾ׷ǣ󶫻ͥǿߣΪӦλɻʣΪﵽ楡Ǹ߶ȣҲѾ׷Ǽ󷽣
ǵٶȣ
ͨͷźħɷϢ֮
ͷɻٶȾǱȥ󶫻ͥǿѾ׷ʮٶȱҪһЩ
ɻٶίʵˣƲһ£̤Χ
˿̣Զһɽ
֮һȻʯѨһЩߡӥͻȻʯѨû뵽һɾЩӵʥʵĹΪ顣
֪
ʯѨһ꣬ʮ߰ӣ
һ÷ǳ𾪣ΪԷȵǿߣҲƼշߣһľţߡ
ΧѪգ̬ͻ֮ƣ쳣͡
ߴų֮ɫգδҵټĪ汻ɱɣ̫ˣ
ӡΧһȴ΢΢ɫһƹâ
ˣ
ͻȻڹâ֮һϢ
߶ʱϲѣڸӦϢڸ֮ڣôʯ⴦ѪӦ󣡡
һģ̤һڲɽݺͷϢΪһĨҫʧ֮С
ɹΧ
ϢؿһĪǲҵϢأҵ׷ɱ
һɼĺӣҲԽնѾٴβ׽Ϣ


2095 ߳
ü˼ţ޷ףֻǷ
أ
ºӰƲƿնɳ󷽾ȻӰٶȸһЩ
ʿռԲһǿճХ棬ǲᣬأ
ǵһӣɻʣͨŶһӶɱ
ƿɻٶյĳʱ˿Ҳɱ⣺һɻһ죬һɻ죬ͻ죬ʵ뷽¶課£
ԷΪʵҲǿ˵ɣҲɱ
ͨĥţǼ⣺¶誶ԸɻǿߣӦò⣬ɻʿһԸˣԸһɻʼɣ
ҺôҲһ۷壬ԸѶȣ⣡߷ǳĶԸһɻʡ
ˣټһ𶫻ͥɻʲ⣬͵Ϲ·һ̣ɻ׷ɱǣǹǿɱ
ء
浹ɻʣ㲻Ƕ֣ҲȷΣ
ǰһƬҰϢ޷Ӧǰðյء
˭֪ô죬ʱһ
ǧף
ԽʮʱɻѾͷƣᷨӡͨһ
ʱɿ˵ҼˣԪɾǿߣҲǿߣ߾Ӣ
ݣ
ɳĽһһҴӺ󷽸߿ᣬٶȿԼ屶Ӹ߿˺Ϸն¡
תסˣ˫ץһɹͬΪһͻȻڰգγһɻʷ
䣡
УڶϢͽ飬մʱ˿̣·Ȼռ䷢ըһγ޷ݵ鳡
桢ͨΪƺʱ飬ǻɽ飬֮С
ɻʻԵ
˼ʣסϢ󶫻ͥǿͻȻԽըգһǰٿɽǻӣ
ʱãͨ¶ɭɭЦݣ׼÷¶誳

ͻȻоʲôдԾǿߺ󷽡
ʱһͬһӰӶͥͷ󷽴ͷһƬҫۺϼ
󶫻ͥǿ߷ʱЩæֻǱɽ߶һ㽣Ϊ׷㣬סǵϼơ
سǵӰƶȻΪһԼԼɼͻϢҲһɻʡ
һϢͨΪȻ

־ϲҲţڷȼƼǿߣӦӡߣƳɽƶˣ
Ҽǵˣߣ䣬ͨٴο߿գû뵽һƣɻǱ¡
ߣϷݣ˷ɹȥ
ʧ٣ʿȻŭԶԶߣƻҵȺ£
ʱųͨŶԷƼҸ߲㣬ַ꣬ȭǰ
һ첽Ӱǰ棬㣬ʮ꣡
ǰߣЩ뷨ǴƼģǷȣֻԭ
ĥǵʵǰң
ȴδԥǵ֪ƺ«Ϣǲ֪ƺ«ӵߣƼҸ߲󣬴Ԥϻǿ׷ɱ㣬ƺ«ҸɹϧһʱɹѻΪ棬ѪӦϢҲûһ˿֣ڸղͻȻܸӦϢ߲һҪȫǴҪõƺ«Ҳ⣡
ܶԷĻǲֵȫţϾǶӵһѪˣ滹ǼΪοԭˣлǰһˣ
쿴ǰʿպļʱɻҪɱ㣡
ѹ˵ҪڣǱиΪǿĶʹ
ʹ
߶Զͥһ˽⣬ϳɫ
ʹо߶ԣҲǳ飬ȴڳЦʹΣҷɽǿԷһɻʣѲ
ҪҷҲɻʣҪɱһ䲻⣡ʾͨ־£׼߶Ըɻʡ

գۣž˻ն
ɻͨһһϷŴԶԶȥһŻơ
Ǽ˶ԣԶʹǿͨǺ޶֮ҲֿܿȻһлΪҽռ䶼Щ΢΢𵴡
𼸺չǧףӡǣ绨ţ֯Ϊһ籩ɱ֮УɶٶȶһЩ
߳
Ҳһɻͬӿӡƣ˲ĳһһצӡһɽ֮ƣץڻϷ
ʹֹҲ仯ϣӷ֮УҲһƣɱýצӡ˫߿֮ײÿһײ桢ͨоԪҪ飬Դը顣


2096 Ѫʵ
ɻʹƳ𣬱ȵǷͨо飬˫ͨɻʵֶҲ
桢ͨҲ޷ףɻκһܽɹޱ顣
ʹΪˣɱԱȳһЩҪԸΪѣͻȻɱһͻԼʮɣ⻯棬ܽԷĥһ֡
ԣߡҪһأʱܼһҲְֻܼʱģжԷɻʡ
һʱڣ侲۲˫ʵ࣬ҲɻһΪжʵֻͨһʵѾжԷ
ѹˣһԪɾڸǺãɱʩչκֶҲ߲У
ΣϮĿǰƻ뵽Ԫɾ
ͻȻͨ÷¶һɻʿ֮ܳǰҵǷȵӣһ֪¶誱ѹٻһЩ鷳˲ЩѹʹͷӵɻʿܣܴǼ֮У֪Ԫɾƻ䣡
¶ɻʶ죬Ƿݣʵ졭ͨ͵ȴŴ˲ͷħɷâ
Ϣ
û룬ǰ֣ԸʹͷƵߣͻȻת
¶誳֣߾ʦ㣬㣿
¶ͬȻʱ䣬ͨɳʦܣ˵ɻʴӺ󷽷ȡʮ¶Է
ͷŹƣڻ¶ɻʿܿ
߻һȻû뵽ͬΪǿߣʵķ¶誣Ϊλ

¶ͷϤһЩʯƵϢ
ͻȻΪһƲʰѤӳ߹Ʊը֮Уҫ籩Ϯɱȥ
һ¡𵴣һ̣ʹǿ߹Դ״̬¶ѹ롣
߹Ҳûѹȥͬʱ߶ɽһӡϷۼʯһɱȥӡ̫࣬ճӡХÿռҲ·Ť
ɱ
¶ɻʿ˳ɱʹǿߺ󷽣ʱĴɻǰΧɱǿߣѱƿء
˿̸Ϊ𺳹ֶβ˫ʩչʹһɻʷһŻӣڸֿ£ɻķ棬ͬҽըٽӡ顣
һɻʹһɫɵƷʾ˵һڻʽ׷Ʋ̫ڣһɱܽ¶ɱͨһնͨ綹һž׹档
¶Ҳʩչɻʿ֣ɱԷɻʼ£һߡʩչΧɱһ̣󶫻ʹǿѴڰز
ɻѿ촦޻״̬ҿһΪʩչѪʵܴﵽɻʶ۷壬죬ҿɻʼѪͻɣ
ʱѵȴǿģĴɻ˻ܡ
ַϤͻѪ·Ҫ
ȻߴҲ֪ʱȥһжʹǿɱô죿
ϳһЩѪƣ·֯һ״ϳѪɫƣüγѪƣ·֮Ǹ֡
ߴѪ״̬һɱƱ֮ǰӣƾл棬ֱӸ飬ɻʵ鲻١
ֻһƾͿʵѪȷԵޱȣû뵽۷ʵܽɻ죬¶誵ʵѾûжٲֲ࣬ƳɽڷȼΪǿƣ
ƾʯɢڶʹɻʹϷͨƾĻȴ·ͻʳ
ϴžžը죬ԭЩɫƣͬڷײ𵴣žҲķë
ڸоһսۣϹʹɱɻʹƽأһȭܽԷƺɱһֻǵһ·类ӱƿ
Щƴ߾Ѫ֮͸Ѫɲͨͨɻһ˿ƳɽƶָɻʩչѪֲܻأ
ѿӰӣԷ֮У֮Է飬𶫻ʹɻͷҲ˲ᡣ
֮з¶ʵҲӵǿ߼йһɾɸ߿գȻһĢƳǷ¶誡߻гһɻʿɱǿһ
Ϣ֮𵴻ΪҲ޷ӦʹǷƣֻѪڿ֮
ĴɻΧ˽ɢȥͼʹɻ˶ڵϣֻʣ°һɻѷѪΪһ׹䡣
һһˣ
ɻһѪ֮ǿϱ޷ɻʾǿһ˿˿ɻ֮Ѫ

ͨ޳ȥ¶Ѫȵıԣɻ⡢һѪ봢䡣


2097 ȫ
ֽʹɻѹҲ˿⡣
ʩչطӡɻԪ¶ԷҲвطϴֻʣһֻѾ̤ײġ
ֻ¶誾㵳ޣƼҰ֮ѪͨȷţɻһΪսʤκζɻʣ
߻Ϊͨ״̬ʱ棬ûһ˿ƣƼѪУ˶츳һһ㣬㿴棬δ̤ɻʣʮֹ
ʮ
÷¶誼ƿԣͷ͸ź
ɻʵʦ㣬ҲףΪλһ𣿡
⡭¶誸ûش
̤ͨħɷͻȻ¶ģûȤ巨ҪԸˣѹһ˰ˣ
ˣⱲӣ޷ŵһ仰¶調߲㣬ƼҲԶԶȲϡ
߰βŵһںͨ棬ƺ¶誵ȷѹ֮¡
ͨǰʹǿһһˣѸһ䣬ͷǰһˣ»ݶ飬ҲͷƼλллУһȥл
ǰ߲˼طȣڷȣƼҿԱ㣬ӵжԸɻֶΣҲûҪԼСģ˳Ϊߣʱ컯ɽ棬Ƽһм˲μʢᣬأ
Ǹֱڿ֮ˣֶ֪Σͨƿնȥ
ɿͷ߲Ӱ޲˼ȥҴңδһǸ
ϿԿɽƼң뷲ƼҴͬƼݶ飬һỹģǸϽ뿪˵أ
˲Ϣ˽ϢظϽʧȥ¼ʧ
ΧһϿȣֱӽأϢһһؾ
ͬʱҲҪӶʹǿϣܷ׳ʲô
Ʊͨһħɷӡ«ռ䣬ÿħɷӡ֮еɻһϢȴûжٱ飬з·뾡취ˡ
滺ԷƬ̵ӦöҲİԪɾǧǰɸ½磬ҪĶҵУɿҲΪЧΨҳ
ɻΪǱпȻһݰȻĮȻҡҡͷҪҳɾǲܵģҴ̤ɻһ̣ΪɾЧ䲻ɾĸɾҲǺģұ磿
һɻʣҲ͵ԼǸ߸ϵĴжЩ԰һɡ
㼸Ϣ֮󣬷˵ܱȻҪǿԪɾΪҶɱɹٵӲУһ㣬ҾͿһٴΣٸһλᣬ˵Ҿǿ˵ֱΪܣ
û뵽ԷȻֵ㻹֪ʹǿԵȵĴڣ϶ʣǸ޾ʱ֮УһĴ֮أǸҿѡȥ
ʹǷǳǿǾްԣ㿴ţǧǰһһˣ½ԸңҲܻǧѹɻʣٸ꣬öʹҵĴ𣿡
ȻԸΪԪɾȥҾͳȫ㣬ɻʣᵽ˻Ԫ񣬶䣬ƳɿǶôʹ£ҲΪɹӱ𣡡
ͻȻ˺󼸲
ʱ磬֮У汾«ռ䣬ʩչطһɻԪ䣬ҲҪһʱ䣬ͨһ
ͨʱͷһɻѪæհ֣ɻʬǺö뾡취ȽһЩɻʾѪںϣɻѪԳɹٺ٣ҾڳɻʱԴ
ɻ̫ӣɽ÷¶˫֮ɻ֮ʩչ컯ԼѪħӦø׽ɻʬ徫Ѫ˲䣬˵ʧһƹҫ
«ռ䣬桢ɿţڶ汾ںϡ
ɻʾͷ翴ϰˣ߶ط
黯ΪСкˣҿ԰׽ƣ
Ϊ߶طӦⲻ治㣡û֣λɣܶͨһĪĸ߶ȡ
ط˫һϣȻ֮ɻȥħɷںȻЩ
ҲǵһһɻԺ磬ʱӡ¶誣ҲֲֻһطӡԪڣͨȥ¶調Ϊ˫Ůū
ʱ˿̣ɻǿѪ·ͭǽڡ
ɻѪһǶѪ⣬ɻʲˣҪǿнأǼܵģ÷
ԽɻʷѪҲɻӴʶΪһ۾ǿнؿռ䣬ֹȴ޷ʩչɻʵ


2098 ӵĴ
ľĮĿɻʶۣ֮ҸᣬģҲٷŹ㣡
ɻһ̣·ʶĿ¡
Ҳںڣ˲·ࣺ㾿ʲôˣΪ˺ɻڷԷΪԸˣɽҲǧ꣬Ϊ̤ɣܵõƺ«ر㲻ͨʿͨߣ
ֻһͨˣطǿнɻʲӴԪ֮С
㲻ͨˣӵˣĪĳϹŵתߣתӣӦһӣûе츳ˣӵˣ
ӣ
Ӷ֪
ҷҪ֪𣿲Ҳܺ棬ΪɻʣҲԵ𺳣ʲô
ӵеѪעδΪʿ϶ӣĶŮ֮УһΪɫ֮ˣôעδõʵλĴУ˾ǵӣһֵӣǵõϹŵĴУҲǵӣܶҲ֮Ϊתӣעδƽ
ԭˡ
ӣ
Է˵꣬Ȼ뵽۷ǡ
ϵӶҮʺƿʼӵ۷࣬ٴҮɼ۷ǣ͵ڵõ۵
һӣתӣ
õľһжһΪȵ۵ϹǿߣȵۣȻҲϹŵôҲתӣ໭棬ƺԵЩ˽⡣
ˣ
ڣǿԽɻԪɻԪ
ɻؿռڵԪ󣬾Ȼʮ嫣ޱ޼ʵԪӿ
һħɷΪɻͨԪסӡǳʵԪԦ
ԷͨԪ¶һݼɵ𺳴ƽ㻹˵㲻ǵӣûе־ţ㲻ӵкɻʵ
ǲǵ޹أҼԪ񣬺ܿΪһʬ⣬ֻҵĺΪܣӶļ䣡
ҾͲһɣܶҵļ䣬ǵӣҲܣ
ߣ
ɲͷģͬһֻֻѩɻԪ
ɻԪڷ޷ӡħɷ飬عԪһ·յɻԪΪҽ
ڣɻʾˣ⡢⡢⾿ǺεԪɾҲû˺ŵ
˵һ仰
ĻɻԪӴգͬʱطҲѹɻͨԪ
һɻԪ̫ӴҴΪ޷ɶ٣ͳһݷݣͨ¶誡д
ͻȻıӡѹ£ɻԪѾûκǿйɻԪ
ɻѾûһ˿ʶԪʼΪһɹɣɷӡ
һ̣Ҳʩչѻ󷨣طںϣɻԪƣʼںʶ
ʶļ䣬ãͿͥҲʹҲһοԪɾ
·ۿԪɾһ㣬˲Ǿǿߣɻʼ䣬һҲ治
ͿԪɾʮǿߴӶɹ뿪ʱգʮͥԪɾȥȣѰ䣬ȥͥ˷ѰѰһͼ
ֱ뼸ֵ֪̻ƺ«䣬ԪɾʱɹȻɹ֮֡
ϧɻʼ֮УûԪɾ彻ֹֻ̣֮ɻԼɹѰĻ档
滹Ӽ֮УɹȻײֹţԼߡ˾Щǿߡ
һЩɻǿҲɹɱӣץŮӣɱϰɹӣӶ䣬ϧһ
ɹʱԪɾ뿪֮ⷽУԪɾᵽ˵ǳǿҲδ䣬һ֪ɹһЩϾȻɻΪ
Ԫɾʮɻͥд䣬Ԫɾһǿ߸ϻضͥҪ϶ǰ컯ɽ硣
ԪɾߣĿǰһУҪȥ컯ɽ磬ʱ䲻γɶвʮɻͥҵýЩһ򾡣ʵ
ӶԪɾ䣬Ҳղࡣ
ʧȥ䣬ǿпԪɻʣѾֻʣ΢Ԫ񳹵ʧȥ䣬Ӵˣһˣ̫潣һ³
뿪ƺ«ͽɻʽͨȥںϣҲϲͨ뷽¶ʩչ˫ں֮ӳͨϣѳɹɻʬ֮УճɻʾѪ
뷽¶誷ֲɻʣӵоԳԽɻһûѪħԼ컯޷ɻʬ֮УɻʾѪںϣҲһЩЧԶԶȲͨ
ͨѪħħһѪ֮֮壬ں˾Ѫһ¡


2099 һζ
뿪«ͨóһεɻʾѪˣɻʾѪҩ
һһţһʿΪǰڴɾ磬ɻ¼ΣֱӸ桢ţɿɣԼҲһ㡣
ͨҲɻʾѪڵĴҥūɡ
һɻ֮Ѫ䲻̫ɻҲŴҲ޷ص֮ڱը
һʬ壬ɻʵԼγ𵴡ը
˵ɻɣҲӴʵڽ
桢ɿţɻ֮ѪҲƺ«ڷգ漱æ뿪«ڴ֮һ
ҲʼɻѪû뵽ƻָа֮ںħԼа·ҲһڰԨ
λɲöɲȻҲֻܳɻһѪ֮ͨĿǰֻǿԦɻʣ޷ƳɻѪҵõ
ɻ֮Ѫʮֲ֮óɫԿɻϾɻΪ
ûܿƣԽɻ֮Ѫɻֻһ³ɻὫ飬Ѫֻһɥ
¶ûжٱ仯˽ջˣʱ¶誴ףΪηǧ꣬澹Ϊ
ʿɻһѾ£ң泬Խ󲿷ַߵĲֶΡ
ɻʣʵٶȸΪֲŷǧдΪٶȥһ̤ɻʣԽɻʣ
棬ԼΧˣ¶ͻȻǣɺӵ崫ƽⲻٷӡƣȴƫƫ޷ֲԺĪԪƣ䲻̫ǿ󣬵̫ޣ޷Ӧںδ·Ԫ֮޴ڣЩϤѵ
þ֮У¶ֻʵʵͨɻʶΪȻһλɵ˫޹ߡ
ٿΧ桢ɿţںɻ֮ѪٶȡЧ棬֮ͨ⣬ջı仯Ϊˣʵʱʱ̿ͨҲɱ䣬ѾҪͻһݡ
Ȼڰʹɶͻ죬Ϊһǿߡ
ͨԣʵȻɱ䡣
Ҳڷ֮УҲ׼ͻƣȫ۷壬ڼɼɡɡ
ƻһأȥϹűԭܣ˵õתһ룬ûǿʵȥҲһܵõԾʹͻһݣ̤ɰ죬ȥϹűԭðա
ʵĿǰĴɻʣֻҪ̫ǿɻʣѹͨɻʣ뻹ÿطûСǧֻͨĴɻʣǿֻֻҪʵطҲ֮ʱҾܿɻʶԸǿߣЧͨǿҪͻƣҲһʱ䣡
з·뵽ᷢʲô治ϳ۷壬ɻ֮Ѫ
ɻ֮Ѫ£ʱʱᷢըѪɫںϣҲﵽһǰδеĸ߶ȡ
ɻ֮Ѫ淢۵ķǣȻҲΪɻ֮ѪںٶҲ΢΢ӿһЩ
һ۷ǽһںϣ淢ĳֳԽɻʵԼڽķ֣øΪ棬Ƿ֮Щ˿ҲһЩ
ܾںϳɫ۷ǣҲ̤ɣֻҪΪɣκλɻλɻҲܲһɻ֮Ѫں۷ǣ
Ŀ۷ǣоΪɻ֮Ѫ۷ͷŵǰǿʢ𷨹ǶԣҲ΢
һ㣬ɻ֮ѪԴ߶۷ںϣǳɫΪɻ֮ѪͷҲǿҲ١
ô£
¶誣ԭ򣬵Ȼûֱ˵۵ķǣԼɫ
¶誽һϯéٿܺýͣһɣո𵤣ԽΪںһʽɱȻܣΪʵ̫̫΢ڻʽ׷ǰ糾СҲֻɻʲںϻʽ׷뷨Ǿ͵ǻʽ׷ֻһͨˣɻʣȻԴ߶Խʵıɻ֮ѪͷŸͺܺýͣΪɻѾܲ˼飬뷨ͷŸһɻȥں뷨ǣ
ԭˣɻ֮Ѫ͵ɻɻںȻҪһ
ԭԭ˼򵥣̫ӡ
¶ֶ˵һ䣺ʴ˺ܶͨˣҲȥðѰҸֱܶͨ˵õȥ̻ᣬԼںϣ绻ȡӴΪаԴ
˼֮УԺĳͷ


2100 ɰ
ȻͨۼһЩɻʬѪ
ͨܿ㶨ԼŪһɻ֮ѪȲɫ۷ɻ֮Ѫ
û뵽ɻ֮Ѫ۷ǾȻ͸ŵƣɫҲȻ
ʱͷ۷ǡɫԳǰͨʽľԼٶȡ
˰ΣȻԼƺһȴţʲôҲ˵ҲǴ֮УҪΪǿߵĶ
꣡
δüո෨ǡɫԼղǹɶĸо˭֪ͷȫը
ͻˣ
Ȼ֪̤۷壬Ī֮ǰйأ
ʼͻƴɰ죬Ȼ滹̫ɻ
ͻһǰͻһ磬뿿ԼͻƵ۷壬Կͻʱ䡣
һδͬδӦͻƣȻͻȻ٣޷ƣҲ޷Ԥϡ
ȻͻƷʽǰδУҲǳɳƬ;ÿ£ڳǳ֮УͻƵĻǱ˷֣
𵤡زءԪ֮УҲܳף˷·Ȼ֮Уһ
ɰ죡
ɹͻ֮۲ڱ仯ʷ¶誹֮ǰľ
¶һĽǵȷǶҲÿ˶ĽĶ֪ÿ˶У֮ӵɵɻЩ磬һδ۷壬ϸԴͻƼޣңԶʱ̫ʱڣʱʿԶȥͻƣ
û뵽˴ͷ
ų֮ɫֲ̾ǧ꣬ӷΪˣҲ״ֻ㱣·ĳֶȴץסԭǶ򣡡
Ƕ̫翣ָ̫֣оǳ
򱾾֮Ķһһζʿ޷ʲôһһԤʾ·һֲΣҪӶ֮иоʲôҪڶζࡣ
¶ĽּʣǧѾӭһζɻʵʿ꣬Żпж٣ÿʿжҲֻжŲУҲʮӭһζ򣬺ܶ˰꣬ӭһζҴδ治꣬ǧӵж򣡡
ʱӴ죬죬ָտյ
鿴Ǽȥָо
ϣԴУҵһЩ
ϧûһ˿ջ緽¶ԣʿһζֻһָоǴ
Ŀע⵽ɻ֮Ѫڵ۷ǣгɫղǹɶ۷Ǳ仯һ˲䡣
ãʷ¶誣Է˽𣿡
ʵ»֪һЩҲǣڲ࣬Ҳ編ż࣬ǵȷʿɣõǾ͵ڵõУ
֮أ
ѪȻͨڣںϷһںϣ취вķӣоǿߣ÷ඥһǿ÷ʿںϣڶʱõڲһУֻ֮ڳһЩԶ֮Уǹżϼصķš
ûѪȥݷǣ
ӦûУ뿴ʿǰҪںϣҲԴһҹӦ˻뵽ӡ
𣿡
£·õ𰸡
֮ǰںһɻ֮Ѫʱ䷢ܼ۷ںٶȡ
ֽ۷Ƿɻ֮Ѫݣӭһֶ򣬶۷ͷųһЩ
һвã˵ѪݷǣַӦںϷǣõһְ취
ַӦʿùΪûռ
бȻĳ֣ԹĶ
ųĿɻ֮Ѫʼն۷ĿתȻɫ
ɫɻ֮Ѫȡ۷ϵԣȻ΢΢һЩҵһ룬ֻ΢΢ͷһЩ԰ˡ
ɫйأ
һĻüЦȻһЩٴνɫһɻ֮Ѫ
ȴãȻ۷ϵԣٴǳɫϵҲҫ
˼ԭɫ۷ǣһͬɻ֮Ѫ˴˲ͷųô˵۷ɫ֮䣬ʹһ޷͵ϵĪǳɫӵ÷Ȼͷų
ֻɻ֮ѪйأϾⲻҵѪҴѪںϳɫ۷Ǹû仯ɻ֮ѪѵΪɻ֮ѪӵеԽɣ۷ɫΪ߼ɻ֮Ѫ˱仯
·ֲ׽ʲô
ãʹһڳ벻ѪٽУ߶
ȴ죬ۿ۷ɫͷûɻ֮Ѫǰ㾪ˡ


2101 ԭ
ʵ۷ǡɫ仯Ϊɻ֮ѪҲǿԵʡ
֮ѪȻȲɻʣ򵥣ҲǰǿںϷǣѪȥںϣûзϸڡ
Щǿ߷øȥݷǣܾںϣ¶Ҳ֪
һϸ˼֮Žɻ֮ѪϸڷǳҪʿ뾲̫꣬һζֻ֪ںϷںϱǿ󣬷壬ʱֿ֮ģ
ɻ֮ѪΪԴɻ֮Ѫɫ۷ǣ󱦱ںϣʵٶһ߶ȡ
øողͻƴɰ죬Ѿǳ磬ǽ֮֣̾ҮɼʱʩչĽ֣Ϊ貣·ϼ̡
ڼ桢ɿţͻƣͻƲǰӵд٣ֻһδβ顢ϴ衢ظꡢ궼ˡ
ͨҲʹɻܣˣ»ΪܣͨҲѪħָʵ
ʱһ̤ء
ظоʿǰ࣬氵ӦʿΪͼʿͥͥʱգʿ
ͼ̫󣬱˵ɻʣһɽףҲõǵ챦
ǰϤӥɽ·ᡢɡ˵ĳΪдӳء
һͼܼǰȥĿϹűԭֱӱűԭ
һ죬ɽһϤĺΪ֮һ񣬷¶誡ͨԾܵȷ¾Ϲűԭ
ܿɽԶԶͼһɽԼԼðŲ㺮
̲ס̾ԭкü⴦ɽڣӦǲǰɣͥ˷֣ˣ˲࣬ЩɣɻҲв٣
ݶڣ÷ǳϤһٶ꣬ﻹûκα仯·֮ѲһЩʥϢ
˶뺮ڣ׹޾ԨʱڼϤԭأȻޣĶǰѩɽ
м˷ɳĮɨ˼ۣӱԨȥˣӦǲžһɱ
ֹǰ¶誣һ㶼û䣡
¶ƺ뺮Ϊһ壬һ㱡ѩرԭγ̫ʱ䣬Ʋ̫ʱڣǽ̫ǸȻкܶʿѰұҲɻУ
Ƕǰ·̫ʵһƳ֣
ðź籩ǰУһԭѾǴɣͨҲ̤ɣȵһθоɣ඼ܻ⡣
ʮϤһɫĻڱԭγɵĹӰ
¶ָŹĻ¶Ŀ⣺ǰĻʽԭ֮УֹĻγɵĸӡ˵Ŀռ䣬;лҪɽԨǿѩ֮еֹϢԱԨΪѨǳѶԸ
ҽӦͷż£ಷĻɲǷ·̤һֹ磬ãã޾ıԭʱʱܿһЩʬǻΪҲܸܵһЩΧ֡
ܿڶռ䣬һЩɽӦʮʿ⣬뷽¶ʱʱͷӶֱʮռ䣬ûҲʼΪ
ǽԭռ䣬Χʮֲǰܿһɽɫԭ
ϢӸ¶誴ŴɽڲҲһЩϢмɻʣѩѰʲô˱ռ仹һЩڱ
¶誴ǰǰˣԺϤﻷʱǾͷɳ⴦ռ䣬һռ䣬ûɶãױԨ֣ҪɹͷϿվһЩųѩǣڸ߿Ѱ
ѩǣ
֮ǰЩѩǴͬȻΪڱԭʳƼʵ
¶誴ż˴ӱǱʯ䴩ûбѩǷ֣˳Ǳһռ䡣
Ÿոսǰ￴ʿԽٶȣСԽԭϿգھһɽͻȻʧ׹ɽ
ͻȻæʾϢǹ
˲ڱʯ֮У¶誴żԦâ˵ǰͷڱԭαװɱɽɻҲ㲻һҾͼնɱɻǿߣ
ͨĥܻɱɻʣ￴һɽ
ǳΪħû֪ʲô޴ܻܳʽ׷ħ⴦ϹűԭΪ֮һһѩҲǱ̬µĹɱɻ׾٣ħΪѲ


2102 Ԩ
ħ
ŷ¶誡㵨ٴοɽ
û뵽ɽԭڻƶֱܷɽƶ޷ܸܵӦ⣬ɻڶʱ䣬Ҳ޷ֱħ
º󣬱ħ뿪⴦ռ䣬һռǰû뵽ռ粻ͨĻʵ̵Ľ硣
͵ԱԭΧ磬ǲлڱ֮£⴦ɻʸ߶ȣ󲿷޷ҲһЩ
¶˵ͿʼŷӡΪһ
ֻһ߳ȴһ̣ͽϻһɳӡ
˲ſӳ֣ڣҲգ۹ʼϣ·δֹ
һ̣˻Ưڱѩռ䣬ǰռ侹һЩѩƮ㣬±ʯҲ֪жʵϮ桢ͨƤԻΪף⣬Ǵ粽С
ԭڲԤϣҵԭֻΧͱѩǡħɱ
Զ棬γʮ״һ¹⣬ʲôһ˫ͫҲѾλɣ͸Ȼһ¹ڵ˸
ͣǾǱۣʮ󷨣Ҳǵ±ԨڣǾǴӱ۽Ԩأ﷢ǿʯ
ͨȲٺ٣ڵˣ
˭֪¶񣬼Ϊ棺вѩǣ·ػۣ˽ȥѩǻɻΪãѩڱۣѩڣʮɻʣҲѩ֣
СӦȻʮǴԭϰѩǣһЩ˫ͷǷѩǣʮѩӵɻʵ
Ⱥѩʵȵһţ˶Աȣ磬治ʲôŽ滹Ȼ
żȻ˽¶誡ѹҪԭҲҪ̤ɻΪ뵽Ҳ̾Ϣϣɻʣȴ
۽ˣ¶誡ϤһСߣҲڸӦѩλãܹЩѩǡ
ԭϽһǱۡ
ǺһڴӷڵϣӱԭоˮĴڣ۾ǱʯɣֻںУ󷨹˻γɴֻһЩˡ
ΪۣܽرԨ
ԭʮֻһԽԨ֮У֪ܵǿߣҪȥԨܲףᱻѩΧɱ
ԽüԨһֻа״ıۣ¶誾ͿʼͷɻͷŰԵ
󷨳ѿڣ޷ݼ˴
꣡
߿Ʈѩ֪ҲƯһЩʯ
һʯͻȻѣһ԰˲˿бʯ׹һͷѩǾѣһ˫Ѫͫ·ڱϷ
һѩĴķ籩籩ɱˣԼҲӶצӣŷ籩ۡ
Ϣޣ֣ʰ㣡ͨѩͻȻӡָһħȥ
ûƬ̣ͿħɱʮɣͣұΪһʯ
ˣ˵Ǳԭ󷨿ռ䣬ʮֻʵκͨʩչԻᱻᣡվץɽ׼Ըѩǡ
ͨģֻ£һЦɻʿ⣬ȻϹűԭС
꣡
Σһ̣иѣڱ󷨳һѿڣŷ¶ͷһʧѺ֮С
գǰ֮еԨһɽȣΧγһһ￪⣬Щ޴һŵľ޴ͫҲ֪ͨ
ǰԶкЩط飬Զ·һ̳ϧƻ
¶ָű̳ΧǱ̳ǻᣬ̳Ǳ󷨷ӡʲôҲ֪
ŵȥϣʲô޷ȥκһǳֲ̳֮ҲʲôֹܶžιպǴЩɻʣһڴ鷨̳û뵽̳һᣬһʯǰҾʯֻһۣʯŷ̳ըͻȻһ֮У
Ҳֻһ˿ʯȥһ֮Уʱ˷ֿԿ֮ܽУʱܶǿ߲׷̳ȷϵȿֺû뵽ȥǿߣûһԻųûóȻȥ֪ʯʧǸƲ⴦ԭܵڣ㽫ѹҲʯĸ֮У¶ٲ伸䡣
һѺףԭܣǿʯԼЩ
һȻڣҲʯʧǸ
ͨɪɪųʵ˵


2103 ǰ
Դŵԭ򣬷¶誾ΪʯһãͨûɱҲΪʯ˵ûŵơ
֪桢ֶͨΣ˵Ԫ񣬾䣬³ܡ
λǰָȥ
涨ĥƬ̣¶誣֮ʲôû֪
¶һɨΧʱҼǿ߳Χ󲿷ֶһȥֻм˴ӳ˵Ǳ֮ӵп󷨣Σﶼ̤һ
ͨͻȻ棺ҲʮôǿɱһʯȥǸֿܣ
ͻȻ񣺡ˣȷֿܣ󲿷н޳֪ʯĸҲ˲̤һҪãɻʽȥн޳Ǽ½ȥҲһܵõų
ԭΣգغδΣգΪԭܣĥ꣬ѵƽܣ
˵֪ʯ仹ãȻ֪Ҫȥȥһһڣ
ͨǺǵЦˣǾʹһ
ճ¶ҲѡĬϣΪ˵иܣܾǰûаҲҪȥ
󣬱ǰһһн
Ҳûаգֻʣֱǰ𽥿ƺǱһֻ۾ԶԶǼˡ
ڣⶴһγɣǱʯɣһر
໥˿žһ̤ͬĵĶڡ
˭Ҳ֪ʲô¶誡¼Ҳδ̤벽
һ̣桢ͨûɻ̤붴ڵ˲䣬ͻȻǰһıȣҲ֪ͨⲿʮ桢ͨ˲û
ڷ¶ͷɻŽΧγһûкյشǳϢҲ
£
ڲɻʣҲ֮ܵ
õ¶ӻ桢ͨ·ѣ˵˵壬ֺҲڰʱڶɱ䡣
תһ󷽾Ƕڣ˶ڿʲôƺⲿԨڲʱա
źı˵غ߶ȣܴﵽɻһ졢죬һ񣬽𵤼̣Ҳ޷ֶã
ǰȻһ˸ĵĿ⣬Ϊǿһǽ˯һ㡣
¶ִ߶ɻ桢ͨǰһһӣǻ˻Ǳ
˼ʣ氵о˵ϴҵĸӦֻ͸һһӦкܾ˽磬ĳǿ޷͸Ĵڣ
һ֮⣿
һĳֽƣ
˼Ƭ̣ñ뵱ͼƣһִ⴦·ĳ󷨣ͨһִͨɣڻͼĺ󣬴඼ʵѩʶɡ
һ񣡡
߳ԶһӰȻ֣Ϊǿߣ¶׼ɱɽ
ӰͷűʯٿһȻһһţվţǶ·زŰԶ޷߳һ
ͨĥһӣżɵ֣·һˣͻȻԶΪʧı񣡡
ԱڲºЩҲǻ˱ɣ¶ҲЩţͳΪһͨŮˡ
ͼ𡢵𡢵Щżɣʮɣʮ
Խÿ˽ԷָӦ޷͸ǰƺͷȻһǱ֮еĹһЩѪζŵɫ԰ףԭǻɺ
ΣһĻ¶誡
¶調ЦɻʶΪ߶Լ죬ܼһ죬³ͳΪЩ񣡡
΢΢һɣܼһ죬Ǿʱоܡ
һ涣ǰǾͷӦǽ磬ܴʹ޷ֻܱ뿪
߳ʮɣǰһǽ
ǽסٿһЩֱǽ·͸ģܿȻǱûʲôͬ
ٿΧǱʯûֻܴܵǽ
ֵǣִͨǽȻָͷ״ǽ˴󾪣ԭǽһͨɣ󷨲࣬󷨸Ϊ
һͲͨпǽǽ飬ٴСǽôһĳˣǰԼһӰӣɶߣһͲ࣬ʱȴЩӰ
δӰ¾Ȼ⡢ɵıǡ⣬̫ˣ֪˶ʿ
Щԥһ̣滹Ǽǰ
ѩǡ¶調ɻٴοӰ


2104 ɱ
ɲͨӰһվǿ׳ޱȵѩǣϧҲѾΪ񣬵ǽ׳壬צӣ˴ѹ֡
Ϊֻһ񣬻ǱѩǣȻһ̣ȻһЩԼ
꣡
ġķëѩǴ
ѩǱϵĺѲ֪ʲôʱѣʱһЩ鲻ϵ£¶ɫëëûб
ġ
һͬһĿѩǾѡ
ּͻȻһıǽû뵽˿ȥǱǽѾˣǿյıԭ
޷ŵһĻѩϳ֡
ѩһ˫۾·Ѫڷգֲ֪õһڴͷһɳ
Ѫɭɭ۾ˣѩǾȻ˵˿ռΪɱҪңȥܻ뿪ֻһ³ǳΪʬ壬Զ
죬·һԻûεѩǡ
ɱ
İδӴ¶誡¶亹ɼѩǸǴྪ˵ѹȡ
ѩĮȻ˵ɱһѩǣǰѩʵǿһʴһͷѩǣʵǵһѩ߱ʧܣԶҲ޷ųȥ͵ųΪѩʳ
߱
۰Ͱͣɴ۾ͷѩʵٱǿһЩҲӵɻʶʵɱһͷѩʵӵɻ£ܿ⣿
¶϶ԿҲû취û뵽֮УȻ˿ɱûа취ǹѱɱ֮УǶǻһϣ
Ψܷգ־𣺡ˣﻹɻʿܣһ˻ǶʹǸɻʣٿԻͷͷѩǣŬһȽͷѩǻܣ
䣡
ѩǶˣ
һ̤Ȼڲͨڲ
գ۾һ޴ʯͷѩǾսɫȦ£ЩȦͷѩʵƻҲﵽɻʸ߶ȣһЩı⡢ǽԱȦΪۡ
𣡡
ʽɽһɳ߶ɽ˲䣬âҫۣշһѩǸͷһ
ײ֮û뵽δˣ˫۶İһļ⣬ȴϢ۵һһѪѩǸͷɡ
һ̣Ƿߣ¶課Ӱں̤֮飬ѩǷͷն£˲䣬һƴ޴
¡·ͨƣӵȻֻһƣͽѩǸУɾ޴壬˳ȥ
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䣡
սն¶誣ܣͷн±ʯʮɱʯóȭͷСѡ
ɼѩһͷ֮ǰҪһЩȻٴηƣ¶誴һ𣬻ѩǺ󱳣ѩǶʱΪһɽһ㣬ղ
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¶誸ոջѩϵ𣬲֪εȿֲƿ飬ѩǴȥһ࣬ܿ컯Ϊһ
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Ȼɱͷѩǵʵ֮ǰǿһ
¶課ϽӡѩٶԽԽ죬߸Ծ˫ȷ󣬺¡һǵϱ˫ʮɱѡ
䣡
һһڰɱһֻȭ¶ûѹѩǣѩҲδ¶誻ˣ˫ٶȡʵԲࡣ
ѩǹԽԽͣ¶޷ռƣڷ¶ͬͨߣ˲Ϣһָһֱŷ¶誽ӡɱʩչԼء
žžž
ѩϷıըҲһһһɱѩǡ
ЩȽ滹Ҫ˵ǱԣǷ¶ﵽµ״̬
ɱѩΧ飬һɱѩǶܵӰ죬Ҳһδп·ѩҪѪ
ѩצǿֲһץץñҲ飬צӾɨƵĶŷ¶ץͬһ޸ɣץһƬѩӵƿ
˫ÿһνֽ֣桢ͨһֱڳĬ֮Уڵ״̬ʱ׼֡
ְ㣬ȳ֣¶չֳɻʵһǱγɵľ޴ѹѩˡ
ͨ죺ˣǵأ
ٿ¶誾ڶѩɱɫ仯֮ǰһȣ·ǽ޵Ļڿή
ʱڶͷѩǺԾԱߣ


2105 
ǰһƿͷѩˣͷѩΪǿʢΧƣγɶʮ򣬺Ϊһʯ
ȷ¶誻񣬵ͷѩͻȻһ磬໺𵴣ЩΧʯһ̳ΪһƬʸɱ¶誡
գۼ䣬ѾƵ÷¶課ܣץɽͬʱŽӿΪһ·ư
䣡
ʯɲûнܣܼ飬¶˫ѹƽȴϱˡ
ɼͷѩǵʵѾ뷽¶൱ƵȣԽ¶誡
ʯɱ£¶誼·ˣҲ޷ֻܰ򣬽䲻нӳ֣ʯһζȥշ¶ȻѩǶ֡
˿һĻɱҲŵ𺳡
¶ʵǿһˣҲ޷ʵѩǣȻѩǶ֡
ͻȻͨͷѩʵѾӵɻǳ߶ȣ¶ǰѩǽ֣Ĳ٣һԻѩǣóȥֶԸѩǣ
ֻͨŭ𣬺֮ɱȥѩǵȷֲʵǿɻҲ֣ó֣
ֻҪ¶֣ܵͷѩǣǴĹؾһ󣬷¶ʵһˣʧȥսǶǴʧ
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Χס
ֻ¶һȡ
ݣ
һųɱɻһ۷ʵܶѩӰ졣
ѩҲӳĴڣѩǱƻУҲˡ
籩Χѩɱȥ¶誼ɱ˺һЩѩҲΪòֳһԸ
ˣ¶ѹ˲١
ƽ⣬ɽѩǣ£ɽٶ켣޷׽ܽѩǹƵ顣
ɻڶƵͷѩǣѹԽԽ󣬱ϾʵѩһأǷ¶ڳѩǹ߹УѾǲ˼顣
Ҳ֪ѩǲ࣬¶ߣڿʼƱ֮ǰһɱѩǵʱɽͻȻ͵Ϯȥ
ͣɽѩǱ۰һѪۣΧнΧɱзʽɽϮɱѩټ̣Ҳ޷סɽķ
ʮ֮󣬷¶誱ɱģҪѩնɱɽҪѰһᣬѩһ֪ΧɱѩǣͻȻȺ󷽷ȥΧΪһ
ɹƵأ
¶Ѿ̶ʱڣͷѩǽ֣֮߳࣬ȻʤˣҲаջܵͷѩǡ
һͷѩʵӦñȵͷѩǿһԵͷѩӵоѹ˵ʵ

桢ͨڷɳɻԱߡ
ΡȻĹص߹أʩչϻ֮Ըѩǣͨ㽫ɻʿܻ
һ£ɻʿܾͨħɷӿ֮зɳһɻһΪһǶʹɻʡ
֮ͥУһһɻѾԺκɻʺãȻ޷һ̲ûмӳɻʿܡ
Ǵ¶誣滺˵Ǽʩչϻ֮ӳϣѩɱ
¶誴ɻ󣺡Ǽ֣ʵҲɻ۷壬ҶΪʵ̤۷壬ԸһɻаգͷѩǣǽͷѩǣʵҲ۷壡
˭֪ͨܲмĺȵǣ
¶޻˵ҲҶ˵
氵ƶСǧͨɻʿϢϼӳһ
ĵԪգžžͣܿͨɻʿѾط״̬
ζεȿֲͨΪһɻʣһп־嵽˼㣬ϷһɣԶ޷ĺ
Ϊһϣ˲˼
Ψз¶誻δطӳ֣ʱǰͷѩƻǸͷԳͷѩǣ¶調ѩѾЩɬЦݡ
¶誣ͻȻͷ޶ŷ¶ȥطǼںӿ뷽¶ڡ
ָоҪڻƺһʮһӳϣһпֲɻ֮ǰɣǲķ¶誣ʱܵʵ
໣
һ̣ͷѩǸ߸Ծһʮɴ
ɱΧʯԱˣɼ󣬿˷¶誡
ȴüٴοƻʽɽӳڽ֮УͻȻһɽз̳
䣡
ɽɱ֮УûգըǼ˱ʮԶ
ϤطϢ޷ĺϻںӳϣʿѵ֮еط
飬¶誶޷۾


2106 ѩ
𺳣ֿϲ㹻ͷѩǣͬʱҲһֶΣ·йϵ
ʦ֪Σܴǿߡͷѹ滹пܵģҵʱҲָܻ֮һ죬ͨƿء
໣
ѩͻȻ֮У̶צ¶ץ
¶һû뵽ѩٶȡʵȵͷѩ̫࣬ʱӡһ׵ıͻȻѩǻ
֮ǰҪƿѩǻҲһ׵£ӱ˵һ˵ѩǡ
ƫƫһ̳һʮȴת䣬һ̿ѩ˳룬Ƥʵʽ׷Ӳĸ
ֵѩ۳һѪ֮ɡ
ѩܣϹŶһĻŭš
Ҷ˿Ҹղŷ¶誻ܵͷѩǣԲ֮ھѩǡ
ݼиƬ̣ͷѩͷѩӴȻЩɻʶôͷѩʵôǿ
¶誷ȻֹͫŴ󣺡ɻ죬֮ǰѩʵǿһɻʶΪԣֲͷѩһУ³ֻһ˺飡
໣
ѩǺХŭ·ҪԵˡ
ΪֲѩΧͷţܿ쳬ɻ죬Ѿ÷¶һ亹
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桢ͨңڱѪãǰ߶طӳַ¶誣ͷѩˣ
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ÿµѩǣһͷѩʵӵɻ죬ѾҲ۷壡ٴѪæһ̤Լɻ֮桢ͨǰ
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ͨӶɻû뵽統ʱ׷ɱ˻̻ռ֮Уһ⻯һ϶磡
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ٴνط߶ĵ·֮£һ޵طɻ޼ӳڷ¶ϡ
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һһâ룬һɱڶâҲΪɢը
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¶ɫɱȭͷһ¡ײȭͷȻѩצӲɱһ𣬶ɻʵѩǣȻûнֻжΪķ¶ˡ
ͨںֱſޱȡ
Ҳţ֮ǰֲֶ֪죬Ƿ¶誾Ȼɻѩǽ֣·磬һθоǿ
䣡
¶ѩڰԾȥɱʮУѩȻûռơ
ٿ¶誽ɽ߷£ʵԽǿܽʽ׷߶Ϊֲ
ܿ죬¶誵ٶȡƶռϷ磬ѩϳֺЩ˿ڣһһ飬¶誾Ȼ˵ʵ˰ԵĹ
Ȼһʵֲϵûӳ֣¶ͱͷѩնɱ
ҲɻʿйϵûɻطҲ޷ʵ˵ز˵֪ԼֶΣƿĴɻʣŸϹűԭûɻʵĻǶ϶ϲٴ̤ء
ۣ
ѩǱˣұһһ߶Ľˡ
໣ѩǴŭֹǱغŷ¶ſ죬¶Ѫܵķ
һһȥغ𽥻Ϊһ
ܵͷѩǣ¶һ亹΢΢ɿ
ಣ
ʱû÷¶Ԥϣһֲֻǿɽǰ
䣡
һצץɽϣɽ壬צѾɽϢ飬¶誺ɡ
ͷѩǣɣݶʶĦһںطᵽһΡ
ɼɻʿɻѾγɼ״̬롣


2107 ɱɱ
¶֮վ϶Ѫɽ޷ץȣͷѩǣ˺һͷѩǵӦ̤ɻ죬ڷȣҲǵĳ𣬶ʿܴ꣬꣬ﵽɻ쾳磡
뵣ģͷѩǣģӺ󷽴
¶調Ц£û˵Ȼž֮ɫ֮аɻ룬Ҳо·һƶ
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硢طϣͼϵ۽׷ҲҪطܳΪһɽװ¶誴δ˵һطһˣǼ˵ʵ
ݣ
ʵӳ֣¶ٴλӳɽҲûˡ
أ
ѩǼһ̣צץȴ¶һסѩû֮ǰǰǿᡣ
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¶һ̣δܹˣƣҵʵȻɻ찡
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ձһ࣬Ϸ¶誽߿ѩǱͨ׹ضѪ
һͷѩǣǾҪƿɱ󣡡һĻ޷Լϲ顣
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գۼ䣬¶Ծ
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Ψз¶誽ԪĴʽɽ֮УһȻͷһоʯЩƵ

ںĺϻ֮ŷ¶һΧɱһһȦ⣬һʱڽʧ
䣡
һͷͷѩǵצӣ潫ѩǵסѩǻ˺һЩ
ѩǲûзſͬʱâߵﵽɻ۷âûɱ
¶ٴɱһһ٣ɱĹȦͬʱɱߵââ˲顣
ٿ¶ƣѾ֮ǰһ룬ǰɱȻѾϵһ
صɱ
âڽ֮»ΪƬͬΧռ֮УͨͨѪЩɶӵɻ߶ȣɻҲû
澹ûһ˿ԭһʩչɻΪһ壬ﵽɻ졣
¶һ̺ɨһۡ
ͷѩâ飬һͬâ
֮ǰһģһ߹âΧ˳¶ЦЦһѪʽɽ߷£¶ɱ⣬ƴ󲿷ֶ
ѩƣǧ֮ɱһâֱӽâһƬѪƬ鱦Ưڰա
ֻǣ
Ȼʤˣʤ˸ɴࡢϣ¶ɻƣ֮ǰ룬ڹֻɻ졣


2108 Ĵѩ
·ΡΡͿ£ֻʩչӵɻĽʩչĽҲֻܷӳɻ죬ԡѩһֵɻ֮£
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÷¶أ˭һΪĲ԰Цݣû·ܾ޷ѩӲӲǾòһ߶Żܼһʱ䣡
໣
Ҳ仰ֻһҰο˵¶ǲţԼҲ̶ֻ
ȻͷѩǾȻٷһһ˺ȥ֮⣬վžſţܿ컯Ϊһ
ô£
Ǽ˿ˣͷͷѩǾȻ
ĪѾɱ
ҿ㣬㿴ң˭Ҳ˵ԭ򣬵Χ
ȴУΧͻȻλ÷ˣȻǰȻһЩӰӡ
Ӱӣ
ӰӾͺãţԽǵԽʲôӰӽڱ֮ʵһϥ¹ıˣЩ˴ŴǳͬһװħһѪ£Ҳͨʿۡ
ЩˣľˮͰϣϰ¡
ˣѾ¹ıˣ쿴һһЩӰӳˡ
⣡
мһ˲䶼Ӱ̫Ϥѩǡ
һͷͨһѩӰӣӴǰ֣ȱɢȥ࣬¶誡ͻȻһŵҴСҲϲϡ
һͷëѩǣѩûʲôͬͱмѩǶҪС٣ֻһɸߣͷ­бѩǣ΢΢ǶǵѪͫ
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ͷ̾ԭΪ˴ɱǾܵõȫ뿪Ǵˣˣ
治ʵͷѩǵԵʣ
һѩǣԭ֮УѩǵףħһǿѩΪǿҼѩΧԭֹºüɻʣЩɻ֮Ҳ޷ʩչɰͰ͵ҡͷ̾
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ԭͨĹȻһͷѩ
ٿѩǰ·һ졢ߣ֮ۡ
¶誣ҲѩΪԭĪϵѩڴرԭ
һܣϸЩ¹ıˣȴĿٱϡ
һӺ桢ͨûпʲôܣǳŵɽղסǡǺü˲ǵ꣬һǱԭѰܵЩǿѵ
¶ףѩƿرԭпռ䣬ǽɻʣĳռ䣬͵ѩУǧˣûһԼɣɻʾͷɼǿ³
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°ͶɻʶԼȻнǧɻʾͷ
ʱ˲δע⵽ͷѩѾѪֱͫǼˡ
ȼ˷֣һľͷ֪Ҫʲô
ѩʱ˵ˣǸղŴѩǴܻõɱϿɣ治ףȻҲǵ컯ȻǶɻɱҲǻΪЩɻʣΪΪԭܶϲǣܣѾܵǰ
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ѩһ֮⸩ˣŭǼˡ컯Ҹǣֻһ˵õ
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ѩ˵Աԭܣֻһ֪һˣֻҪһ˿һֻҪɹһӣ˾и󷽣ܣ
ⲻ򵥣ͨһſЦݡ
ɱСһмٳԽɻʵľʿҲеԵ޷һ
ѩû뵽֮У֮УȻһ֮ͨݡ
ָ֮ͨݽܣ֮гɹǸˣȥȻһ飬оʮݣҪ߳ʮŲֻҪߵһܻûеȥܳɹӵܣ
ƺ̫ѣ
桢¶誡ͨϲüҡ
˭֪ѩҡҡͷһϱݾʮŲպǰٲݣԲ֮⣬ϧܶبֻвʮ˳ɹһʮܶû߳ʮ͵ݣֻһ߳ʮݣ޷֣յȥôûһܳɹǳԽɻʵľǿߣҲУ
ٴοһѾƵģûһ˿˿о
¶ͻȻǰҵ޷ͨݣܡܻ뿪𣿡


2109 ˭һ
Ϊνأ𣿾ǱҲ޷뿪±ԭи˿ͨٲݣ֪ܣҲпܻ뿪þûпʲôӣ
ѩͻȻأͫ޵ѹرԭھͿ֮У˭ӵлԵһ
һ
ܵõԭܣ
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ͷͬ⣬ԭܵȷҪȻÿԵֻҪԼ˵õݻԵ˭ԡ
֮ͨɶ۷ʵħɷ֮ʮϢʩչҽš
¶۾ţͨȫ죬ҽ벽Ҫأһ˲·סͬʲôһ
֨֨ͨһ˫۾ˣħգɶԱ䣬ܿ죬޷ýء
ռһ㣬Ĳ٣ɾûýڵ棬ͨҲ֪֮Цã죬ҽֻʵջء
ͨٶԷ¶誡ףҲԣ
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ǲڸԼЦĿ⣬˲¶֮̿ɫȫû뵽лõԭܡ
Ͼ桢ͨУֻᡣ
æͷɻһ۷ͨʵ£̧ҽţվȻҲס޷ȥһ֡
ѩɣˮĶԵǻףǳɻΪҲ޷һ
һӻ޷ȥҧҧֽڣѰٳһΡ

Ȼͣڰգ޷ѹȥ벽
аԡаԣ뽫ԼŸˡ
ܲ
̰ԭܾǰֻҪһֿɵãɰܾһš
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ǴݣԷ¶調ȥֵ㣬һõԭܣ޷˵κζ㣡
Զţܿ¶ô뼤Щšԥ
ֶ֪ΣпԼõܣˣõܣʵʵճΪ֮
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ˣģ罫ʶĨɱֱӳΪɻʿܸÿƣͨʱɫƳһۡ
氵жȻҪʱαԭһҪУ¶ֻΪǣɱֵ̫治ʶȤ

¶誴ʱɣ߶ɻ
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ҡԣ¶λ֮Ů½ķߣͫʪı¡
ʱ״̬࣬뼸궼õĶߣȴһ
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ͿˣͨȻΣ˵ʵҲûһգΪӵݻԵ
ҵģܲҵģҲҪһԣ̫࣬Ѱʱɢһ߳
ûиͨ¶誡ǵʱ䣬һһߣ֮һء
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¶誡ֻ𺳿һĻ޻˵ĿѾûһ˿뷨
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תԶжѩǿɵٿԶݣͷͨδ
ڴ˵ңܳɲɣҪһ仰һ¹ı·
ͨ¶誡ҲκɫֻĬĬȴȻϣԳɹ޷Ԥϣ˵Ǽ档


2110 Ϊ
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ѩһ̧࣬ͷһۣѩȴ˫ۣ洳سɹ⡣
ɿͻȻ̾ϴʵɲ⣬ɲ⣡
£ҿռ䣬һܳԽڵĸ߶ȣȥܿݾױʯ̶ɡ
ͬʱҲڱϣɢһЩ࣬ӦЩݣʧܵʿ
ѩĻƶģЩ߱ȻǿҰٱǧ
ݵͨȴ̺ɱļ̣һ̶ҲЩԥ
ˣͻȻһ޵ŮĳһԺƮ
Ů棬ë˭ϴξǰڶ˵
ˣػ֮ˣȷҴ㣬ԵߣʱϸӦɽϢҴһϤζҴű˯֮һʶԷ̫ᣬһׯ󡢴󷽡Ůӡ
淴̾Ȼɽ˽ҴӷżȻģǧ꣬δȫںϣɽһҲ޷ʩչ
㻹Ƿߣԭˣᣬᣬֲɽѡ㣬ɽĴڣŲʹҪŬǿ𣬱û֮У
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ҵȷкܴĹϵ㲻֪ܣԺܵõɽ׺ܶ飬֪ܶ£Ȼһø㣬ʵϴһʶӦ㣬ϵɽ
ף
ɽкܴԨԴɽҲԨԴϵ˶ѣ֮ΪΪĳϢΪϤĳˣ
ĳϢ
ʶȻ鿴û뵽Է֪ɽԼĳϢйأ
벻ףʲôϢ
ŮӴʱͻȻʧһ㣬һ̣Ժʶ֮УΡȻһƬɫķơ
ЩϢʵڵģһʶĳһĴڣֻһӡǡ
һͷֽ羹ϸһĽ˿ɣ˿һƬ磬بƯʱ֮С
˿˿ĪַйأȻ˿Щ˿һģһ
Ψһͬǣڲ˿٣Լʮʶ֮Ƭ֮У˿
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һ̣ԼΣý١
Ȼ۵Ĵйأ̾˿ӷżȻϷ࣬ɽ֮󣬲֪˿һλԶǰĴУλǰΪۣ
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Ůӵ·ܵĳײԺþûص
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ǵǣǷǣǱȷǲ򱶵ĵǣʳɫʿµľһЩʿԶЩˣ¸Ϊĵǣ۵ĵǣ
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㽫۵ͷųҪ
ǣǰ
˲߶һǴԺӿ˫ͫ֡
նɱҮɼ۷ǡ
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ΪɻǣŮ⻷û˿ΧϢȻͬΪŮϵǰֻñѩһˡ
һȥŮӶûжʣ۵ǵ⻷
ڵȴ֮УʶҲڲ鿴Χȴûκη֡
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Ǿ䲻滹̫˽⣬ϾǣҲһ֪⡣
ɿ渵ǣͨ۽Ĳˣ֪˰ɣʥ׷Ȳϻʽף֮䣬ʥ۽׷Ĳ࣬ɻǿҲǣҲµǣµĶǷǣԽǿĵԽǲ
ҵ֪ǵļֵҮɼﰡڷҮʺƿʼҵõ۴Уӵ۲ֶΣ⴦ԭ֮Уʱ˿̣ȥ෢һĻĻ棬·Ժ֮г֡
пǵڷɱҮʺƣͲõ۴УҲԭǻԵɣ
ڣŮٴ˵۵Ĺ⻷Ҳʧˣĵȴ㣬ҲǿϣΪ֮һҲ޷ҪһԵͨݿ飬ȥݾͷҾ͸һ컯컯㿪۸Ĵѧһ컯ɹٸ㡣


2111 ٲ
ףУŬ
ͬʱҲ𺳣ԭΪģԱͨʮŲݿ飬õӵ컯
ĪСǾʮŲݣÿһ׶ַں϶ɵĴڣͨȴ̤Ӧǿʵһ㣬ȥɣһ㣬סʩչͨ־ȥսʤ飡
ͻȻŮֲⷬˡ
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֮֮ұͱߣҲҪһ
ʼݣˣ
ŲŻѩ֨֨죬һӡ·һ˲䣬ͨ¶誶ˣЩˡѩҲӱ֮ʧ
ǰֻԽԽʵĸݣо⴦ռ䣬ҲѾֻʣһˡ
ȥ¶ʮ׵ӣȥ纮̶ɣûκκۼȻɡ
кεȲ
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ЩݱѾɣΪһɣ޷ӵǿ
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ͣһܵϽݣǰʮݱû￴ȥʱոΪ
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ô£
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Ҳһ϶ֽҲԴն£ڴʱڶ
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ҧὣɱǶԴն˫ѾѪģܿѪǡ
ּ̤ϵݣǶСȼ⣬Ե룬һֻǶʼʳͷҪڹͷĦ
סҧڵһݾͲֲס׹½ݣѲףҶǶħαնܻϢӣԴֻѪצ
ֻ϶Ƕħǰһ
ߵ߲ݣСѪⶼԵˣһЩ鲼ƮƶԵ
ǶûԱԹҧСвЩѪ⡣
԰ɫ·ѪֲǺˮѪˮǶħڼ̤ʮݡ
̧ͷһȻ޾Ѫɫ棬綼ڷգڹǺǶһš
⡢ȥҿסʹ࣬Ҳ޷ȥ߽ݣȥͱǶԿա
濴ʧȥѪĽƣԼһøʬ
ԤеΪֲһĻûߵһݣʹ࣬Ƕħʱ䣬ڰ;֮УԵ
ΪξҲ޷ȥݾͷõ컯Ϊû˿Լߵһ


2112 Ůǿʶ
УһҪ֣öɲѪֵָ󣬼طӳ֣ͬʱָͬʱߵ󣡡һѾ顣
ڿʼ߶ĵ£߶СǧȻöɲѪ⾹ȻСѪȳһ㣬ͱͷǶԵָٶȣǱȲ϶ٶȣΪԼȡʱ䡣
֪ãһ¶Թˣھ򣬽Ѫⶼ޹⣬ֻѪǼ࣬һϽݣϿʳѪ⡣
Ѿʮݣвһ롭
ҧţҲŴ߶ط״̬öɲָ
꣡
̤ʮףۿʣºһ֣û뵽ͻȻʧȥģϡ
ԭֻȻֻŶҧϣͷ£һʱ˫ѱԵ
˫֡ſҧֻҧס˫۲š
ʧȥȾͲˣ
澹Լ˫ּȥÿһݣ²⡢ѪʼҧԴȶҧ
һֻǶħȻ˺ţӳ˳ҶҲץԵ
󼸽ס
ʱ˿̣ģģݵľͷһʣ岽ݰˡ
Ȼֻ岽ʣԴԼһϰԼɡ
屻ǶԿգֻʣϰͷͷҲƿѪָһݡ
ˣ
´ʱֻҲǶѹԴۼҲȻǰУٶȺԸоһ
ֻǶԴԽʳͷǱζԸͣͷѪԵĲ֮ʣֻǶʼϵĹͷЩͷճһЩ⣬Լ
ҺڳԵһֹͷѪָȻһݣҲ֪Լ֪֪
Ӧò֪ƾһʶȥݣֻҽСҷգӻһңٶʣµͷ粿ͷ֡
滹ſŵһɹ⻷ϣйǲˣطһ֪
ģԱֻѪ⣬ЩѪպΪѪˮʼϸһѪǡ
ѪˮӴȻһͷ֮УĲйǻһѪԼͷš
ֻͻѪˮѪˮйںϣظţĹȻѪһĢƵð
ȫһ˫ţĴԡҲʼᣬһγɡ
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ͷó
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ûԼڱԭ֮дأѵʧˣ
һݣֿԼվݾͷ뵽;;зһĻĻ
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δɹվ
ãȻע⵽壺оھ棬״̬ǳˣʶһֻ̣ѪԵĲ࣬ΪȻȱ
ʲôûһ˿⣬ˣоĳֲӯ䣬޾һ㡣
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浹һΧͻȻЩϤ
ͻȻϲ˷ԭˣҳɹߵʮŲݵľͷǱԭˣҼˣ
Ů֪һʮŲݣÿһݴһ꣬δػ˰ʱ䣡
ꣿ˰ꣿ˲оڿģֲһ˷ǣģĴ
һвǴݾð꣬ѴӴ̤ɣĳطɱڰʿֻڶԸӣСȳ
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Ȼ˫ֱͷоӿҪը⣬갡ʵָεȵزǿںδɹЩŵΣ
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׼͸оʲôڷɳ
۵ǣ
޷Ӧ鷢۵ǳֺǰȻͷŽɫѪɫӿƤ֮С
ӽɫѪɫڣ۵·Ϫ״̬ʵ£ʵĵγɡ
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ͻȻֹһ飬ԭ۵̫ǿ󣬾ôһ˿˿ڣҲһЩѪ⣬ϴѹ顣


2113 ۵
ֻоʹ࣬δоȻһַյĴ
üɫַ࣬ڻתֵĽ˿Ȼ˼ϰЩ˿֮ǰʱҪִһЩ緢˿һʵ翴ȥӡ״̬
ͬʱ𵤱ҲһЩưĵۣڲᣬĳִӡڽ𵤱档
ˣ
۵ָѰ״̬ͷһ˿Ϣȥǹâ֮ǰ΢΢Щ仯̫
ı仯棬֣֮˿Ȼܱ֮࣬ƣÿһ˿һ߳߶֣Щ˿ȫ޵ĳ֡
źȻ𾪣ռЦֻмʮ˿һȫƣ˿Ѿǳ£˿ʮ涼֮ǰͬƲܱƣҲĲ󣡡
ʱŮӵն˵

Ϥľͷͷƺ˵ƺɻʣҲ֪ҴĿǰɻʣδΪ
Ů˵ǵ֮еĽ˿
˫ͫ󣺡
Ī˿ӹɣǾΪǿҲ˲ӵе㿴ǽ˿ʵΪ̫СδʼԵʣȻ˵Ҿ͸˵˵
ͷǰ
ʶĺԼжΣգ
֮ǰ뿪⴦ɽ磬Ҿһ֮ã޷Ż
ɽ磬Сһ֮Ϊͥʱճ֮Ϊɽ磬ͥɽ磬λʱ棬Ǿڲ̫£󲿷޷ֱ棬ԶŴͨٳһʺͨĿռ䣬ʵͥɽǰʿ𽥿Щռ䣬ɽ硣
һ֪ɽʲôӡ
ԸΪӾɽ磬Σյɭ֡ɽ˱Ҫڴӱţȥ޻ʿɽΪոȻͨʵҲķ籩סռѺۡǳֻҲǿ֣֮ͥκȻͨȼʱ֮Уη޷
ˣΪ֮ǰڴɡʥɵȾֻ̤ɣԽ̫̫ͨǳ֮֮ƣ
޷޽ǣ·ʳϣͨڵײ㣬Щǿȥ߶˿ռ䣬ȡ֣⼸ҲһʳеײԨҲߵ֮ǿյҪú֡ԺصŮԶĶ
汧ȭṼǰݴǰͨδĿãǰüӡ˻̻޷ǰǿ󣡡
˻̻Ȼվŵ۷ӡ֮أû뵽Ůӣ𺳷ʡ
ԷҲ֪˻̻ӡ֮أ
ͬ⣬ʵǰȥԨǴϷ֮УĿǲӡ
ŮӸϽʵ˻̻ˣ
ˣ
̻ˡ
ǰ˻̻ʶǰӦ÷ǳϤ
˻ֻ̻Ҫǿߣ֪˻Թǿߵţ֮ܳ˻ʣǱ޵еĴڣۡԺٸ㣬ҲӵҲ֪
һ⣡
˵
֪ɽĹϵ
ʶˣϧڻûʸ֪Щղ۵ںϣɽϢƺ«һɽıԴʯǲʥ˴ӡ棬Ǽһ壬ӱĪЩ־ʧŮûлش𣬷תƵڸر档
Ȼܿ౦ʱһˮоʮֲ
Ůӵ޷׽Ůںδƺ«ǲϹΪĿռ䱦«ǵ۽ףҼ˽«Խ۽׵ĸ߶ȣӡǴ֮еĴڣҲ̫˽⣬ϧӡ״̬û뵽ֱҲ顣
żȻõӡӦţһƬɢĳ
ܴӡӦһӵбԴĲʯһЩԣԺռһЩ̺ؾıԴʯԽԽãǿԻָӡҵƬرؼյĿܣҪ컯Ҳһ

֮ǰ۵ںϣõ۵ֵѴΪ⡣
ܵõһ컯һ


2114 
⡢֮ʣǰʲôûУʣſ½ı
Ȼһ㶴ƣͷһɵĺڹâΪһԲ״̬
ùϵϢδʲôںڹâʱʱգضڣֻبŵı䡣
ںڹâϢͻأΪʮӡǰĺ˿
˿ӿȻһһĺۼ罣ķԭһۼ໥£Χһâÿһӡǿʼںϡ
𽥻ΪһӣӺ̣ѾΪһźӣͬĴָСӱ沼ʮӡǣԲΣȥһӡ
ãһͷˮûκϢ󲿷ַӵаԵ
ԺŮӵƶΪ¡
£һַ֣
һ෨Ҳ࣬רȻҲڷҸƳļ֮һӵһֻǿ߲еʱ䣡
ʱ䣿Ϊǿռ䷨
ڲҲпռ䣬Ȳƺ«ǰʱ䣬㿴ǲʮӡǣ
ȷУ
ʮӡǾʱ䷨ӵʱ䷨򣬵¿ռʮ죬һ죬ʮ꣬Źȥһ꣡
ʱ䷨
Ů˵꣬ͻȻоԼһ˰㣬δʶ
ӵвٷɽƸǵΪķƸʿں«ռһֿռ䷨С
£
ӵʱ䷨򣬽ʱغƣȻʱ䣬⻹Ƿ
漤ţǰ˵ǾκʿԣԶдĪĺôʱ䣬Լʱ䣬ʮ꣬Źȥһ꣬һԻʮУǿ߹ඥʵûʲôֱ𣡡
ŮȻն·ĳռ䣺ҽ㣬õķڶԵУܷӳôҲҸ׵Ըò£ΪѾȹʱҪ½㣬һ𹼸һڴ۵־
ǰдô˼£Ϊⱦ̫Ҫ
㴳ݣʵ־컯˵Ե°ɣͻȻŮδ²˿ӦᣬһĨ֮üĲˡ
һ̸оƮƮģһɺϢԺ
ͨԪæһѾƯԪ񸽽δѪںϣͰԪ󾲾Ưš
ķ
ҪסκηֻǸУܽһжڷ棬ԹǿߣʵΪúУһὫջ֪
ף
߰ɣԺ̤֪𣿡
ǰΪβ뿪ȻӦпܽǰȥ
ʱδˣһ浽ʱ⴦Ҳ޷ңϣһ첻ᵽǵϧ۵ĴУһ仰Ҫ㣬Ī壡
塢壿治ס
ڻδӴ壬Ϊ㲻ǿߣס仰ͺˣֻҪԼĪκˣѩŮûйͣͻȻһϡ

ǿҺΧһֲɫֱӴʧ

˫صʱ淢ݲˣԱʵֲѩ󷽻Щˡ
Ҳ޷ͨ¶誡ȥ˺δ
ѩӸ¿ЩѱΧһռ
˵꣬һɺٴ棬ǰԽۺâٴһ飬£뿪һɽ
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ˣͨ˷ӭ
¶誡Ҳæ֮󣬵ɻʽͨڣͨԶ
ͨȻҪǲǵõرû̫࣬µĴ벻ͨ
˴ӱΧ֪ΪΣ;ûκιԼһʱͳ״ӵ±ԭص档
ڰ֮⣬Χһɽһ󷨡
沢ûȥں£ǿʼͻһ硣
λǰں۵ǣĳЩ仯ʵҲﵽɰ۷壬ݻԵͻһ磡
óʯʯ취̳
̳һɣͨΧţͷһԼϡ
ž
ʮ죬ɽХȫը
ѪƤһѣܿѺۣž顢ը
𵤡Ԫռ䶼ͻƶ̶ͬȵ飬ڲ㱬ըâ£һŽɫ·һɧ


2115 ʱ䷨
ͨԪйĵ±ͻ֮ȴûܵĵ赲ԪҲ汾һ顣
ɫںٶȣں۵кܴϵ
Ѫգһ޶ȻͨںϣѪһԻ־
·Ѫӳһͨۡ
ųͣʼӴɰܾѪ֮
죬Ž̤ɾ죬һǳɣΪɣܸɿɻʡ
ɴԴϸֱʯķ̳ںϣոͻƵĿ֮
ڿкβ
ȲͨԪ
ƯԪ֮УͨԪܿ콫ǰϸϸһ¾һӣʮӡһӡ
Ӧո£ûб赲·Ľ硢ۡӡǡ
ʼһӡǣ֮󣬵˫ֽӡԪͻȻ²ˡ
գۣ·һ硣
һâΪǺӿռ䣬ȥޱ޼ʣʵԪܸӦµĿռûƺ«ǰ󣬴ֻвʮ
˿ռǺӣڲϢȻǿҵ֮纮ֻ֮ǰԵ̫֮Լ޵ǳ
ǳ磬ƺ«ռΪ߼ʮϣоκϢ«Ҳͬڲռͬûһ˿˿ϵ
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ĪҲδӡǣδںϵԵʣĥһӣԪع鱾
桢ɿţ뿪«ռ䣬ΧǱ֮ͨС
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ͨ·ڣŵï}˰޷Ӧ磬ֻ
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ڴ󣬼Ժ֮ڤ룬ڿһӡǣͲᡣ
һȥڵӡ̫ˡ
˸ӡǵķƸҪ鷳̫࣬ɽһȣҲࡣ
ɼĲֵǣôӡǣ׾ܿӡǣƸҲֻ֮ܿһӡǣֻ«ں֮һ
ɽͱ˵ˣõһǧ꣬ûɽںϹɽϷӡҲֻܿ١
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ǵþѪãἸѪϷ
ӿʼӦֶںѪǽѪ赲⣬þѪںϡ
̫ˣѵ޷ںϣ
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ЦЦǸ񣡡
ӦǱԭŮӣ̫ǿֶͨ죬ӵĪ֮ܣ뿪ƣɿٴ˵
ಣ
ͻȻһħɷͷš
漱æӡʱͨһԾδأѾͷһɹɽͿҪſ
֮ͨ󣬼ʱ䷨ˣҲͼ꣬ѾҪͻ죡
͹ȥʱˣգ۾͹ȥˣ
ü꣬һʱ䣬ǾұҪ꣬ͻ죬û뵽ֻʱ䣬ҽԼʱⰡ
˵꣬ͨͷըըٶѪ
ںڵķӡף޷ں£ֻнӡںϣܼԦ¡
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Լһζ˼ںӡǣûǰʮʱ䣬Ѿմ󲿷ӡǡ
ڴʱ뷽¶誳ˣϴŽҪͻһ硣
¶ͻɻ죬ͻƶ죬˾ͨаʵԽǿԺԸɻʸף氵ЦЧԡ
󣬷¶誡˳ͻһݣʵԷ¶誷Ǳʣʵӵɻ졣
ҲһϹŶɻʶʵҲǿɻǿ߽֡
ϧܾ޷ͻƣʶĨɱͲʿһС
ӡںˣʮʱɣ
ͻȻ˿ʱ߶ӡǣû뵽һ̿ʼΪһޡ͸״̬


2116 ħ̥Ѩ
ԾǣΧ֮ӿ£ٿ£ڲǳռâʼǿʢڲϢڲ
ʶ¿ռ䣬û֮У˷ܳߺϴԺǾʮ꣬Źȥһ갡Ȼûƺ«֮
δںӡ֮ǰҵģں֪֮޷ʱÿһʱ䣬Ҫ³һҪʱմһʱҲҪԺֻ֮濴ÿˡ
ʵֻһʮ꣬Ҳ꣬ΪʱӡĴʱ䷨޵ģʿһޡ
ʱ䷨ﵽһ̶ȣʱ߶ʱ䷨ȻڷڲˣʴҪһʱȥָ
ںӡʱ䣬ͨ桢ţɿ󡢻з¶誡ôֻʱ䣬ڹȥʮ꣬ʱ䷨޷ά֣ôһ죬Ҳ͹ȥһ졣
ںӡǲЩ滹ޱԻûΪɳκεطƸ̫࣬¿Եһռ»ΪڵһԶκѰҡӦ
һǿ׷ɱõıƸͲͬȽ«֮в˽ȥ«Ǻ«޷ʧ«ԻΪָͷС޷»ΪСȻᱻǿ߷ֺ«
Ա仯»ȡκ֮ͨȡ֮Уʱõ룬ȱʧ
֪޷ԶҶʧѾʱ䣬֮ǰڱȴ꣬ʵ٣ͻƼ󣬹Ʋֻܾͻһ硣
ĻǷ¶誡ɻʣʵһҪ࣬صɹܸܲӦϢ
ͨʼ뿪¶誡صͨڣصƸ
±ʮӡǣȻģ֮ǰʮӡǷǳ
·;Уע棬֮ǰδȴ뿪ʱںڲӡŷ±ӡǼģʧ
ѵʮӡǴڣʹʱ䷨Դ߶ڲʱ䷨ʧȥڲʱһζڲ꣬ʱ䷨ʧӡҲ֮ʧҪȵӡٴ糣ʱ䷨ٴ
ĪķԺڽ״̬
֪ɳΧǧͻȻͷŸӦϴ󣬲ԶһɵطǿѪϢԼһɺڰ
ٶȷӦںϣɾΪӦҲ֮ǰ١
ͷʮ⣬кüϿȣһϿڣѪϢ֮ȷкڰϢԼԼͷš
ڰʿˣڼƻնɱڰͳ죬ɶξ͸ײˣԭ治ȥȻ뵽ԼʵϿ﷢ֺڰǿߣǿֻɱڰͳ졣
ʵɱڰͳѾɰա
ͨҲûͲõõڰʿʬ壬úڰħʿǿԼ
һᣬѾһϿ⣬ʱ˿̣ͨҲо̱ǵѪϿ֮ͷš
ϴ󡭡
潫ӦϿΧϿһħ󣬶ħΧʮڰʿǱ
ʮһ붼ǺڰɣһǺڰʵ
ʲôʱڰĿŵأһħʱ沢δϳ֣Ҿǰоͬ
ǰǺˮţЩʿøӦȥǣֻڰʿɽЩڰĳѨҲûǰ⴦ϿȳѨԡ
ͨ׽Ҳе죬ϴأѾȥٶ꣬ĪǱ仯ô󣿡
ס⣺Ȼ⴦ħͲܾת뿪ȿ
ͷħ棬úڰιģǴҵʶħ󿴸ֻͨ˵꣬һֻħ棬һѪɫëë档
ٶȻͦ죬ڰʥٶȷУܿȥϿħ
ͨͷħطħһʶںϣɲħʶħӦʲôҲһ
ħֻͨ۾ܿ죬ͨ˫ͫħ棺ϿԨдʿʬ壬Ǻڰںڰʿʮˣϧ޷ʲô
Ϊ鷳
Ƭ̾Ͷֻɱڰͳ죬ҼɻʿܣԸڰͳҲаգǾǱȥħڰʱϢħǿںδ


2117 Ϥħ
ͨͷźڰ߶طԺڰϢ֣Ϣ쿿Ͽȴ
ԽӦʮڰʿϿΧǼڰɵ̫Ϊһ쵽죬Щڰɲ⣬ʿڰͷŸΪħԼħɻҲҴڰɡ
Ϣ磬ͨħģʱӦںϣ磬ǧѪ
ÿһѪһʬ壬ʬŮΪǾ浱ħ̥ԲĹĵģȻǧŮӳΪħ̥
Ѫ·и⡢׹Լʬ壬Ѫ븯ѪγһѪɫ裬һЩڰʿѪˮ֮ħ
ȻÿһѪϵħ̥˺ѣһͷźڰϢǺڰ
֮󣬴Ӵ֮ץڼ״ϣʬѪˮ֮ħܿڰħɷγɷ״̬
üͷ룬ר潫עһܴħ̥֮УһӦȥ澹Ȼһڰʿ棬ŮϽе
ȻʻЩڰʿһǿڰʿϢѾɱģӦԨԽһЩڰʿϰٺڰʿ
Ͻǧħ̥û뵽һԨ֮УȻǧڰʿĺڰħҪ
ϴ󡭡
󣬸ӦڴһЩʯ֮Уһعħ֮¡
ع߽׺ڰأ˳Ӧħ˲оɻϢ޷ǺεΪ
ܿͿڼʿΧһѪ˾⴦ħǿĴڡ
Ѫ֮ʮӣðһЩѪݡ
պͬʱҲ໥˵һ˵һŮħ̥Ӧɽ취ԺɽЩڰǿߣǽħ̥֮ʮӦɽҵɽ磬ҪꡢӦɽϢ
һڰħɭɭʵһŮӿҪ˰ɣ
̻֮ǰйӦƾ⼸콫͵
ŮӻҪʹˣ̫ãʱмģ
˾һһ뿪ħ
һ־ʮڰʿ¹ӭӣһʯħ澹Ѻϰʿ
ڰɻץһʿʮڰǿߣǽԵ
ڰʿһ๷ƵģޱȳȥһһڣǸʿԵͷʣ
·һʽȰʱħɻץһʿʹͽһħʿ
ħɻִżѲϿȣħ̥ħɷӦ
ڰɻʾӦΧ֮ڣͨ棺ɻϢ̫ǿ󣬷¶誶˵һһɻʣ
ĮȻЦһɻʣħڰɻʣΪӦòλɻʣǶ졢ɻʣڲħ󡢴ڰʿǵԶ֣ɱڰɻʣһһߣɵһζ񣡡
ͨͻȻԿͰ͵Цݣ棺ˣҪԸĺڰʿҲٶˣʣˣħ̥֮ǿӦɽǲ棬Щħ̥ڵĺڰʿҿѪǣǿѪЩħ̥ħơħ涼Ǻö
ã׼֣ϴɽ֮Уûгɹնɱһڰͳ죬һҪɹ
ͬ⣬ͨѾͷĴɻʡ
¶誡һΧӦ˾޴ħ󣬾֪Ҫڰǿ߶֡
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һħ֮УµħħɷѪԼа·ҪǼˡ
ͨͷһħɷΪһɶ󣬽֣κħɷӿڡ
һṦ򣬼˽ӦħڲϢֽţ桢ɿ뿪ƺ«δҶҪֶԸڰʿϾԷٶˣռơ
¶誣Ըħڵħɻʣ
潫ҾۼͨųɻʿܣȥԸڰɻʣ˻ɱڰʿ
ͨҲ֪ħڰħжǿҪ˶һɻʿܣ
ⲻԷ¶ΪӦÿԶԸɻ죬ֻħǳ¶誣ֶԸڰɻʣħ⣬ֻҪǿߣ
Ҿ
ŷ¶誵ͷɢж
ܿ죬뷽¶ѾԽħɷԨ֮УΧһЩɽһǰǴɽħɷΪԵ
ɽſ߽׺ڰأֻһ񣬷¶誴һʱΪӰҹߣӰͻȻħϷŤۼ
ۣ
ħǿߣͷ­ն£Ѫ¶誻Ϊʵͷǿͷ­Ԫ飬޷ʶ
Ʒ񡭡
Ͻȡ߽ɱвٱʬƣ編̣ϸϸһЩϤ


2118 źħħ
ͻȻⲻǵأɹʱʶƴħǸźħ𣿡
¶˲ɱǿߣĮȻҲȻ֮ǰҲ죬û뵽ħ崫֮Уħ֮һĹźħʣ
Ҳ֪źħʣ
ҲɽһҲǴӵһɡɻʣͥ;УҲٴڰ򽻵˵ʮڰߣԼħħʣعߡԼźħΪɶŵĺڰǿߣ
˵⴦ħڹźħʣ
ħӦòǹźħֱƿأϴڣһɽǿߣȻעһħӦǿڸҲźħʶ֪һħղЩħ̥Ϊڰʿҿ⴦ħӦҲ򵥣רΪոմӺڰ紫ɽĺڰʿΪϢֵһħ
ܷŹ⴦ħ
󣬻Ʒ
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ڰħɷ˴ħ֮кֲѹڷ¶֮ϡ
¶ס棬͵Ϯħɷһʮɡ
һɭɭһڼ״ʯħɳ𵴶ͥȲҪʿֱ⴦̳
¶ħɷ׷飬ɵźڼӳ֣ЩֶΣСնɱڰɣȴǱ֣㱻͵Ϯ֣ͻɻ죬αȻˣ
ŶЩ졭
ڼʵƯħǰʮӣһԲ̷Ű룬Ƥʱʱ̶̿ź̡
һ۲ڷ¶ϣ档
ͻȻ¶Цֹǵ˭ˣǰħ´׷ɱҪ׷ɱһˣо㣬˭ɱ㣬ʬ壬κͳͳ죬õħʵɽ磬ӵһ棬̤Ьٴ
¶誾÷ɲʶ棺Ȼźħָץ㣿㾿εħˣ
ҲǿЦãһħһЩħ͵Ϯû뵽Щħ֮Уйźħһмӳ֣ʶƹźħʾסˣ
ܽסһħɻɱ񣬴ŷ¶誣ԽЦԽǹ졣
ͻȻŭɶ󷽣Ԩ𵴣ɱͨգԭͬ飬޻أһɻǿߣΪ֮ϣﲻ
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ڰɻʸӦط𵴣Ȼ̤ħ棬ΪַնףһħִӺ֮γɣ̻ץ
˺һЩֶԷһɻʶǿߣ¶ǡͻ죬ͳⲻ
ȴ죬ħץڷ¶ɱˣԷ¶ʵӦÿЩħ֣û뵽ֻ΢΢һЩħ飬󲿷ֺħ־Ȼ˷ձ
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ǷǿߣƼ򵥼Ȼڷ¶֮£ʱγһ
Ϊǿ󽣾նɱΪڷ¶֮µһڰɻʣϡ
ڰͳڽɱҲһأȻ֪¶ʵĿֲΧպףȻΪһ״̬γʮɶĻ𶦣𶦷ճףնĽף֪ǺεȻ棬ȻյýɱϷ顣
һ˽Щš
÷ߣԷ¶誵ʣԼ߳ڰɻһʵȻƱԷ׻⡣
Ҳ͸һٶף淢ֺƶһұĴǰԶۺڰͳʵԸӦ֪ڰɻʵЩײͨ棬ںϿֲħУһȻֲ̫ôںϣͳΪһַǳصĻ棬ɽɻҪ
ħ̣ݲţڰͳЦЦΧͻȻħҴϢħ
Ƿ¶ʵǿԸͨħҲⲻ󣬵ҪԸħʵǿҲħĴڡ
ڰɻȻοǿߣ㽫ħħԦγɽһ嫵ħ̣¶誴ʱ룬ڷ¶侲ӦԣʱҲһɻ
ɻΪһƣΧħԼ·պףץΧħ˺ѡ
ɱ
ʮڰʿͻȻӰ̤ħɱ˹
¶誣ֻҪԸڰͳ죬˽ңתһԾ𣬰֮С
һڰʿڼףһѪ£ûħǿȥҲڰʿ
һߣһΪħɷ糤޿ʼﶯһɣ˺飡
öɲ
ħɷѹмڰɣд󲿷ֶǴΪĺڰʿͻȻʩչöɲ


2119 ǿʵ
类ĥ飬ΪѪѪγһŵ
û뵽Ҳн޵ʿôƵҩǺö
Ѫ֮״̬ʮڰʿ൱𺳵ģǲںһɣͳͳɱħɷơ
һֻֻҧǰһЩ㣬ħɷУһһ飬ԿΪĲ㡣
̫࣬ҿʼƣ߷ɱħɷ
ٿöɲѪ֮УѪһ̣ѪѪ

мڰʿ㣬͵Ϯ棬һѪָһ߲׵۶һըмˡ
̫죬ݲǼܣ˴УδһĶ֣߲׵С
ʵҲɸ߶ȣ߲׻;ˣڰɵ֮У屻пһڰʿ飬ΪѪⱻöɲһѪɡ
һѪȻ汾һЩɱ۵ĺڰʿҡͷҪɱǣô򵥣
ʱмڰɹʩչȷ£һħɷ飬һЩɴħɷֻصѪ֮УЩڰʿδʱġ

Ѫ֮У㣬ֹɱļڰɣһ߲ף·۾ǳƵģѪʩչ£׼ɱкڰλãֻܻرܡ
ЩȻǸ߽ɣ˶ڣʵǿ٣ʩչöɲƽʱǿ״̬ԸȻԿöɲ̫ˣ
һ̣ԼЩ⡣
֮ǰͨкܴģаտԲסʮڰʿȻʩչöɲͲǲסǣǿԻɱǿߡ
ɾΪʵӦ죬ʩչöɲ״̬ʩչǿʵɶԿ
ڰʿΪֻˣֻһΪﵽɣͨΪڰʿʵǳԽ٣Ȼʩչ߲ԼѪʩչöơסЩǿߡ
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ڰʿҲɱֲЩ˼ħѪǶѪЩѪΪЫӣеѪΪ֩룬ҲеĻΪʬС
ѪЩǿУħΪһѪͨɱ
Ҷ£ѪԶɱɻʣҲԽѪӡ˫ɣѪ֮УɳѪһȿֺȥ
ѪѪ㣬·Ѫ֮Уڱڹһȴû飬ſѹѪЩѪɽκо
ʣ°ڰʿѪƶѪɱҲֱɱ棬߲ס
ΪڰħԶԸκЩѪһЩ档
ħǺöȻԺڰʿȻԿƴ󲿷ˣԷӡŸͨҲԷӡƸ֮УԶԸǿУ
ʱһƹâѪ֮г֣һЩС
Щ㶼ɲѪɡҪЩѪӡôͶˣ˿ѪԾԶֻѪһ
һֱڰֵˣͻȻһѪ𣬾ȻѪסڿն
Ѫɱ߶Ѫǰ˴ڰʿһЩһʩչ߲ףǰ˵׹ӡѪϷһ˴֡
һڽӡ֮󣬾Ȼ߶֡
߲׳֣ѪϿսʮϷٴӡһЩ˿·ְ룬׷·
ڰʿһ̼ʶǿᣬڰΨ÷ֵһͬʱѹѪöɲѪɱ
ΪѪԶɱöɲ
ϧûиᣬ۴ķԼ޴˵֮еһ˲䣬ЩڰʿǷըʹҽС
汾һ̿ѪǰһĻĻڵʵɻʣǿ״̬Ըһɾ죬ӦÿԱϷĻмֿܻɱһ۷ɣɻʣһɻʣͿɽöɲ飡
ʵʱ˿һ֪
Щڰʿӳȴ߲Լɱˣɺڰʿϱɱֻڰɻܼ֡
հһڰǿ߱ɱ潫ʮڰʿɱˣʬ塢ѪƸ
ת󷽣û뵽¶誻δɱڰɻʣԷҲѾˣϺüɼǵĽۡ
ٿ¶ҲѪʴ˫ۣҲ˲ᣬûħ¶誹Ѿ˸նɱ


2120 ᳤̻
ˣǽһһڰɻʻɱ׷ɱڰʿʱͨ⴫
Ҳܽ⣡ηˣֻҪɱڰɻʣʣЩڰʿֻбɱˡ
ٴο뷽¶ɱڰɻʣħΪӰӣΧɱ¶誡
ҵѪʵһоնɱҡסûϳȥ
ͻȻЦЦƺ뵽ĳӦԷӡ
˷ڰɻʣһ̣ץƸźڰɻʼԦЩ¶誵ħԼɢڰ֮ǻѪʼƺ«֮С
Ҫ֪ЩѪħɶǴﵽɻʶ߶ȣһռȥƸԸǿУɻҲ޷мħµմȾȴȲ˶ãᱻħʴ
浱մȥ¶誣ħѪƣûо綾ܿ
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ڰɻʷֲԾΧħѪӿ¶誣Ʈȥ
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һɻʿܣʱӰսסԷһǿߣʣһǿ߼ⷽڰɻɱ
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תһҲĺܣԭ㲻𣿾ȻţȻЩʣ㾹ۏ˻ˮĪҲ
Ī⣡ɻҲһЩѪʴЩԸüڰɡ
ɵ֪̻ܣֻɱڣͻȻɱ


2121 ̻Ӽ
Ȼ濴ųɱļ֣Ȼ޶ԣ̻᣿˵Ƕ̻ˣ
׼콻֣ǰˣ̻ⷽһǳط̳ĸˣǰнʣһЩԴ
ԩ·խ̻ᣬǾȻҪһҲܲ涸Ȼɱĺڰɣһ˻ɡ
䣡
ɱһСͻȻһɱһ߽λɵɣڰǵѪ
ಣ
С񣬺ԥɱʮݵ̻ǿߣɶռһ룬Ǹɻʡ
һ̻ǿվǽնɱ
̻߽λɱɻ꣬ȻĿϣôɱ꣬ǳ죡
ˣ
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λһħǿڸ;У뷽¶誽ڰɻʣͷħ
׽ôˣ
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С񣬵ɱڣҪЩ̻ʿһһնɱڴˣ
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֮󣬼̻ɲԸƯ׽ˣ
ץһСֶˣС󷽣ʱɱɱΧס

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עԷϡ
ͨ桢ɿţⷽ£ɻͨ£նɱڰʿһЩ̻ǿߡ
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Ǹɻ꣬·ڷգпܣǲĴڣӦҲһرһˣúϻ֮ӡˣ
Ȼڹ񣬵ɻʺ´̻ʮַ׷׳ǲһ飬ֵʮӡںϣһ嫺Сɱ
ɺɺϻ֮࿰ɻһ죬ɽС񣬲δС飬ȻĿ겻ǻ񣬶Ƿӡ
ֶˣԦС񹥻ӡ˵ͬʱͷŴѪΪΧϻ
жپɶ٣֮󣬻ƺ«·ռ䣬ÿռ洢಻
ʱںڰʿ̻ǿ߶ԣСѾһķӡѹЩЦܵСǿƹϻӡ
ǿ߲ᷨӡڴʱͨɻܲϱƽڰʿ̻ûɻʿɱȥɻʿ֣ܶͨ˾ɱʿ飬ʬ塢ԪƬڡ
桢ɿţҲʩչΧɱнλʵ߽ɣҲˡ
ڰ̻Ȼ˶ڣδռݶơ
ΪǱɻһֶԸ̻ɻ졣
Ϊɻ죬ʵ֮ǰնɱ𶫻ʹɻǿ٣ɻʿΪһ죬ż֣гƿ
ͨһɻʼʱɱ칥顣
ϼһӵͷˣȻ̻ˣɲ
ͨɱ˲߶ħħ湥죬ΧһЩЩڰǿߡ
ǱɻΧȻʵǿҪԸɻʣ仹һɻʿΪҲһҲҴ⡣
ٿⷽ
̻ϻ֮ȻδѹС档
ǸɻŭһΧʮ֣ʣ¼˱˳ȥ֧Ԯ
Ϊɾͺ۸ɣ
ƸǰͷŲƹҫ΢΢ǵ˲䣬ƷſﵽɻʿֲѪħ


2122 бһɱ
֮ǰ뷽¶誽ڰɻϣաѹħ
ʱɻʼħƺ«ʮֵķӡ飬γħٲȥ
ⲿƺϻʮǿߣԼ֧ԮǶʮǿߣ˭ûʱһΧĴɣʩչǾ
ǿڲҽУںˡܣɻʼħѪǷ˲飬Ǳʴħϣɻʸ߶ȵħ˲ͽƤԴ˫ָʴоƤ񱻻ڷգϻһƬƬ䡣
ˣ
Ϣ֮ǰ̻ỹ˶ڣڱɱһֲʼܡ
ʩչ֮СɳƬ̾ͽһλץС
֣ѻΪѪܣʹţץԼ壬ѪץƬ
ʩչѻ󷨣ԷԪǿɡ
˱ҲԪ֮п˲׷ɱɹӣƺ«Լ˽¸߽ɹӣÿĥɹӣӶõ䡣
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䣡
Ѫʬ飬Χһħ֮ʹҽе̻ʿʩչƺͽЩ룬Ǿˡ

ͻȻ̤С򣬴󲽳ǰﻹ̻һЩǿߣЩ˻סɻʣԱѪֶŵòҳ֡
ŵһ˫Ŀ⣬˲סǸɻʣ̻֮ⷽӣȻˣҾͲȥ
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֮ǰԪ֮У뵽ɵɱΪŨҡ
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ٴοӼ㸸̻֮һպøⷽз̳ôӸ߼ƺ«ʼɹһж㸸׷ֲϵɣ
ӼӦҲ޷ܿƺ«ӼеıҲ֮μ·棬˱«һԳԽˣ
ǶԸҲҪһ޹ɥѪҪ̻ú㣬ʹ㿪ʼɱ㣬ɱ㸸ףҪ̻һ̳ˣ
֪ƣɹһû˾ûˣ˭⣿̻ΪУ֪̻̻ͥᣬͥҲ費ٷ̳ǿκδ̻е̣Ӽʮ꣬һЦ
㿪ʼѪɹ꣡
±ˣҲʵɱ㣡
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ʱһʯƽĺϣը˻ʮɽʧȥƽ⣬Ҳ飬ɽϡﻩɡ
ȥ
ϵһĻΪ߶С񣬻齣ⲻ󣬴飬ɽ޷ǿ߿Ƶ˲䣬ƸѪɫħˮ̻ǿû󲿷֡
ֻм˻ӼǱӳʮ˲䱻ʽħ·һƤһѪɫӣѪ䣬ҲڱʴڻΪѪˮǺڰɻѪĿ¡
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ھʣǼˣӼΪɹ꣬ɣ
СƿôӺڰɻնĿֲħ˲̻᲻¶ʮֱħɡ


2123 նɱӼ
Ӽ߽ɱţǼСɱּɵϷħƶϽ
ɱ㣡ӼɻĴͷζ˿ɽӼͻȻšһĿɽɱ
ЦСĿɽǵ
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Ӽ֮ǰɱ˲仯Ϊ챦ɻʷвɻ졢ȻһҲδը飡

Сɱ뼸˲װա
ӼĴɽۻҰĽСȴֻ΢΢ӰСٶȡ
˼ʣӼĴ󱻱Ƶһˣץһգۼ䣬Сǰը
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Ʒʲǻʽ۷巨㱾ԴӼҪƴˣΪߣʵ档
߶ī̷ɽּӼץһӷӿɻǳԽͨɻʵ
ݣ
ɽõӳ֣һ˲ɱ

䣬ī̷ɽԿ֮ƣС򣬷ɽٶȳԽС񣬶ɱĽҲԽͨɻʡ
һӵɻɣϧС壬κɽҲС񣡡ɽˣǵ۽׷ҲСģٴοСɱȥ
ѵһСһȭī̷ɽٿӼкܴܻɱ棬ɵī̷ɽСУԭһѪз顣
СǿƱƽٴνʸɱī̷ɽɣɽ˲ư֡
𣡡
ӼѾˣһٴμһ
ͬȻƷһķһߣ˰ѮӣӼ߷ȻӼˡ
Ȼ˵ˣҶǶ˵һ̣߶רΪƵķֻ
ӼķҪɱ棬õƺ«һ챦ܣ
ɱȥҲǵϢܵǳµԭӼ׸ıԴ׵ӳ֣νţջǿΪţ
ӼзƯ𣬾Ȼ۾һɨա
֮УΡȻ˵ɽСĪټ֣ȻأҶΪɱˣȡ컯
ӼһԵ쳣˷ܡ
ͷųɻʱ·ˮ޴ӼΧǶСٶȽܵһЩӰ졣
ˣǵһ߽λɻʵķΪɻ죡ֲϯ˷ɿ洫
ϧֻһֲһŵɻǿߣ
澹мĴڣȻ
ԦСɱӼǰӼҲƵģӶ֣棬Ҹ׼ӳֵķ̻ϣΪǴﵽɻʽµĸ߶ȣɱֻСһһῴ£ؤһЦݣ

˵꣬Ӽ˫ֲϽӡ߷Ϊ״̬·һɻҪն
ӼϢںϵ£ӼӡһӡһģȻΪףŰԵɻʻСɱ
սף
ȷǿҲġ
ӡÿһƶޱСΪİգΧħħԱӡ飬ξ
µɻ
Χһеĺڰʿ̻ǿߣҲżСľơ
̻ʶӳ֣ɻնɱ᳤̻ˣڳͨɻʿܹ¹Ӳд
Ŀ⽻£СһƳɻӡɱһ𣬱ըâСû
Ǿ֮еʯ飬֮вˡ
ΪС飬ϾɻͨɻʶԼһɣ˶ܿ϶Ϊһ֮£Խǡ

ڻըâ֮УһɱӼ
ӼһǱӡӳַǷٴӿɻӼһ۽ɽС


2124 ɻ
С˰ɣ
Сͷ飬û飬ɱӼ
ಣ
֮ǰֲ֮Уһͷ΢΢ԵӰɳ棬Ȼûڿֲ֮£ȥҲ˲ᡣ
ӡСٶȼӿ졣
ӼҲӣӡ߶һһɱСǽɱһǳأǳǳҲҪˡ
ȻйƶСûô£СͻȻһ壬Ӽûкأһǵ߷
һ߷ɣȻûбըѾѺۣڴѷ֮аˡ
Ӽ˫ִ£û˿ſСɱҲôȻ
ɱҶڣʮɵ߷ٵӼ
ϧӼתһۣ־񲻶ϱˮҲڷǳڣΪβ׵ĻֻǱϴඥ̤ɻһ죬ΪΪɻʾܳԽʿ
ɽȴһɶ֣ܺڣҲܺ£µõһλᣬڿࡢ
һжˣӼ¶Ц˲䣬Сƽץסһϱ֮飬ӼȻѪը
Զǵ߷շŭ
⴦ħصš
棬ͤХĶҲɱɱӴֻҪͥκ̻Ҫڳ㲻úǵѵ߷ͷųɻʡ
Ҳֻ˲ҫۣˣӼһ
ͻȻǰͷΧѪ£ӼɻʣѪ˷ѣͤХһɻʣȻҲǶ֣ٿԶ𣡡
룬ֶͤХƬЦͤХңӵӼľѪһһ֣ɻѪҸǿ󣡡
û뵽ͤХ޵ĴҶѪͽ󣬻ɹͬţǻŵĵӣҪ߼ջڰʿǻȥڰ磬޻·
סһ仰̻ᣬֽǴͥ𣡡

ͤХƬʧ
վСתŭХҽ⴦ħˣŹһ̻ʿ
˵꣬Ϳ뷽¶ɱڰɻʡ
˵ȷؼħڵħɷħߣ֮»ܼסԷ¶誹ơ
¶ħԽʵӣûħֻͨˣѾħɻʻɱ
Ŀħɻʣһħɻʱͨɱڵõһڰͳ죬ɱһ𣬾ӵڰɻʣջ
ˣ
ϢԦСɱ¶誺󷽡
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棬ҪħɻҲͬˣ棬֪ΪΣļɵȷ¶誻Ҫ١
Ҫ뷽¶ֶԸˣƲ°㣬ܽ£֪һͷ·ħ󱣻ɽ
Ҫߣ
ЦСɲ׷ȥħɻʷħɽСһ̤ħ֮ϣħ𵴣ֲѷ졣
ħ󷨵ȷ뷽¶課磬ּԦСһץħѷ졣
¾ƵģħץһƬħѾʼҡҡ׹
¶ͻȻץס棺ֲõĸо
עΧͻȻħ֮УСħһһħɷ棬˴ɽ֮ըСˡ
뷽¶誴֮ɫͷŸӦɽڲڲѪأճһħ󣬴ħ֮߳ɻʣҵɻҲ߳
֮ǰɻʣһڰɻʡ
ղŽСǹħ𣬹ƾǼڰɻʳɣѪϵħ֮УһڰʿǺڰɡ
¶調ڲһĻȫйȻħǿ߸֧ԮɻʼϲٺڰɣˣǲǶ֣
ӣ뷽¶תߣû뵽ɽ֮УһɲǳһħӰ
ˣ
ͨɻʿܣ桢ɿţҲڸϣ᳤̻죬ȻţΧһЩ̻ǿߣԶŵòҳ
ϧûлɱ죬Ҳɱ̻ʮˣкڰħһٶˣνȫʤ
ߣ
ħɷϿȰһһźɫɡڰ֮гſ
¶調Ͽնħ£ǳȣħǿѴ߶󣬽У
ͨҲϹصƺ«һ̣ô׼ãִ߶С񣬼վħȥ
ħ֮ϣڰħʴʮڰɲӡ·ħ漸Ϸ


2125 
һײԭСһƻħ
ħ̺ٿɻ졢ӡ̣ȴСһ֮úһζֲѷ졣
߳
Ĵڰɻ˫һϣΧǿͷħӡħ˲ϡ
Ϸ˺ڰɻʣŭȵ棬ħָҪնɱɽʿҵӳȥ
û뵽ħϾħͨףɻѪô̷һܼһᣬʱҪ߶طɻħ󣡡
ҽأҪָʱͨҲںԴһЩ˲ιɻѪóи߼ҩó¶һɡ
䣡
СһɱħȻɱһЩѷ죬޷ħ飬ħֲɻ졢ĸ߶ȡ
⴦ħЩ楽ʱĴĴڰɻʼħ楼ࡣ
ˣ
⴦ϿԶ
Ŷʮһ֣һӰٶ
һ£ò
Ȼ֮䣬ʮڰʿҲԶһ
һգһ֣Щڰʿ·֣ͻȻľ룬͵Ϯڰʿ
һ˿ںϣȻһ档
Ȼֻһ棬ֻķ
ֻ˲Ϣֺ͵ϮҲ֪ǺεȻͽʮڰʿ
ЩڰʿϷһᣬ޴ЩڰʿԺץһԪͬʱЩڰʿ𽥻Ϊʬּһâڡ
ºâԼԪ񣬷ǰȻǱűȥ
һʧڸʬֺϷ
ʮϢħƵϿϷʱϿΧѾ£ٶڰʿȴһħûܵκ赲
ϿĴڰɻƯħϷʮֲϼӳħСһλħ󣬻δɱ
ƺʲôǺ󷽣
ĴڰɻͻȻһ֣޷ȷ
ȻתȴûпκӰ
ǰƯħЩħɷŤȻΪһǧ׾޴ĺɫ
ڴʱĺڰ֣ĴڰɻԼʮڰǿɱ
ϢҵϢѵǡ
ħ֮£滹ڿִ߶С񣬶ͨ뷽¶誡ڻָ֮С
ͻȻоʲôͷ츳Ӧ԰׵ϾȻһϲüҵЦݡ
䣡
ħһɴըһֻץشӡħϷǿ𶯣ܼٺڰʿ֮£ͳͳΪ촷ۡ
¶誸ħ󿴸ţһʱ޷ÿµһ֮Ȼɱʮˣ
ˣڻˣ֮ͨ࣬ͻȻһ͵Ŀ档
С˿ȷˣʱ̫ʱˣϴľõȵ۴УһֱĳľȻںϣһֱûû뵽ܸӦҵϢ
¶ȴţɣӵɻǰʵ
ҵģһƳ¶誣ߵҶ˵һ֡
䣡
ħͻȻȻ顣
ۣ
ĵڰɻӰӣ֮ʧȥƽ⣬ħ֮Ĵڰɻʵձ˺ѣûһܻ
ϷһƮǷ
ǿʵɱħڰʣһƯΧĺڰʿѾ޶ԡ
Ʈ𣬿ĺܼʱڱչصңͻȻϢԾ͸ֲٺڰϢͲ²ӦΣգļʱ
Щ͸꣬Ѿľںϲ٣ӵɻʵ
ʵҲľںһɣҪչǧ꣬ãܵõȵ۵ĴУרŹ㣬ԺһҪһطǱޣҲ֪һҪ꣡
㾲ںȵ۴бɣҵ㲻÷񣡡
ԽǿǾʵ
һ㣬˵꣬ͻȻʮ˳û߿ա
ԭ̻ʮʿ
ƺ뷨ջΪ׷ȥһϺڰͻȻһˣ¡¡һ𵴣һΪʬ塣
Ҫڣͨ뷽¶誡ϰա
ֲ̻֮Ĵɡɣһ˲ںڰ֮»Ϊʬ
ͨոշδ߿ա
һԭһŻ棬ڰ񣬵ըðճɽ
ಣ
һٲըȥ
ɱ𹥻ֲӦӵɻ۷壬֮Ż汬ߡ
麹һƳ϶ʱǰըȻһƸ
Էԣɻƣһյͨ͵ƣָһ󣬻ǾϨˡ
쿴һĻٶȸ죺ܣܣ´ɻ죬Ҳӵѹҵʵɻ찡


2126 ͤХŭ

ΧͻȻɱ޵ĺӰЩӰ֯һɽʩչǿһɱкӰ
Ӱ˲䱻ȴ޷̤벽ΪӰͬӰӣ˫֡˫Ѿס
һ俴ͷٹϢѱӡǷӡһӡ
Ҫ㣬ߣɻ컹̫ˣǰһҲ޷סָץűӡ죬ʧڶ֮С
˲Ϣʹǰ죬浱ͷطӡǣֲڴԪ
潫콻ֶͨһɻܣ˱ʹܣʵ٣
ͨЦţŵ⣬߶ħ׽С
ٶԷ㻹δȫںľʵǿ󣬵Ҽǵ˵Ҫȵ۴йΣʵԽ̫࣬ӵɻʵ㼰ʱҽһѪս
ף񼶹ӡǲ࣬Ҳţ޷ʩչҪչأμ֮޷һ뿪ʺУ
Ƭ̣һЦνʱȷҪʱ򣬵ѹɻʣֶһŵƣͷ껹ǧ꣬⣡
·
ͻȻ¶ȻָϿ
˿ȥԭںڰɻ֮ǰǴѪɽ֪ʲôʱһѪɫħɷ
֮ǰûз֣Ҳ֮ɱ
ϸһƣһа񡢰ħڱ
ƲߣѪ֮ͻȻӿѪɫħ棬һϤ˷ŭ֮ѪħɷڱСƻʵĺ£ɱʿ
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źħʣ
ħѪ֮ӿʱ˲ԥٷϿȵײ
ֻҪأʳҵ㣬ɽ磬֮󱾻ҲҪҵ㣬ץڰ֮ԨƳɲūźħʵħ棬ϴѪ֮
ʱѾɳϿȣ·Ҳۼٺڰʿ׷ɱûɻȻΪ塣
һʱ󣬼ԶΧһɽͣ
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ͨͻȻۺˣķ̫ǿҸоܲӦܵѹƣ
ָֻо¶誡ˡ
ץһƬѪǴ⡢ѪѪ֮󲿷ѪħΪɻѪôҺúûָʵҲҪ׼һɣ
ͨȻӵɻѪ֮Ҳץһʬ壬ԭħ֮ڰɻʡ
һˣɻһ죬ħɷȻ¡
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ˣҪֻǺڰͳʬ壬׼ʬħѪһԼٸֻѪɣƲѪͨЦǺǽʬ¡
¶誡дԳڴ֮ͨܿƳͨȼɻѪһһţȻֻͨɻѪδȫԴ־ǴƷ
ҲһţϢ˳ִƸ֮УһЩմȾڰɻѪʬ壬ͨԴҲͨȥ
ϧӦҲд䣬ֻѪһûȥ⣡һ£ҲԿʼںɻѪ
Ӽ
ˣֽͨһӡ档
ԭӡ죬϶ħ̶һӣͨĥĲᡣ
潫ӷӡ֮ץʩչɻʾ
Ȼ࣬ԣҲòֻ̫࣬Ҫһɻܽɻʸ߼
温ӡ֮УΡΡ죺ҲˣԪٰ߶ȣȴɡգѵģװױ͸ң
뾫ɱӼţӼͥٹ̣͵űҹ׷ɱɣɱӼһ̣Ӽ峤ͤХѿӡϢ
Ȼ㲻ţҾԪ񡢾Ĩɱ֮һΪпܣͤХңҲȥҪ̻𣡡
˵꣬컯ԼںϻΪϳྫԪ
ˣ
Ȼһƣӿơ
ץסݣƿ峤ң
ͤХ⿴ƣͻȻ߶нơ
ȻͤХǳ𺳣ɱҶӼץӼҸ֣棬ӼҸ֣˵һһ
浱ЦȻɱӣȻ˵ԷһЦҲ̫Щб¾ɱң㲻ңΪɹӣҲɱ̻ᣬ
ԷȻ䣬ŭգһɵǽƻнߣҲὫ㾾


2127 ǿʤһ
Ϊ߶ƣͿԲ׽ҵϢ̰ɣҾص㣡
䣡
һƾͻȻơ
һץͽƻ顣
ͤХ֮Դ߶ƣϢȻʩչظӦ֮Ѱš
˿ɲΪ죬ίߡ
ϧӼ峤ں˵ʲôһƣȷλðˣٿһ۾죬Ҳû뵽ͤХһ¡
ټʹ֮Ԫɣʹ㣬ʵδɶپ˾Ȼġ
һ·
һɻ켸۷徳ǿߣȶʹҪǿ٣һǿߣû취ȻҲȡϾŵūȻūôࡣ
ֹͣɾʵɹлŵĵӣ
оصڣ˿йӱǿѹһߣ
ɻţ
ûҵʬ壬ѹһݿҵ䣬ԶѹҲȷܻţ
̻ӦҲѹɹٻŵĵӣ
УϧѾˣռɹһǧӣûеõϢͽЩŮӰɽ䡢аʿԼڰ
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Ϊֹ췴ˮͨѪǿߣȻһɻҪˮǴĺ
粨ζԸӼ̻ǿߣǿʤһ
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ͨ¶誡ɿţ֮׼ɣֻǱΪɽٻ
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һʮ꣬ÿʮŲܴ߶һΣܴ߷ʮ꣬ҿ֮꣬ʵԻ٣
֮УóɫӼһ˿˿ɻѪԳ۷壬Ҳȴͨٴͻơ
ҲɻͨӵϡɻʾѪӵһ˿˿ɻʾҲ㹻桢ɿţǿ
ͨԼħ֮Уħ̥ɻʾɣΪٶȣռĲʯʯʯΪ̳
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¶誡ԴԴƻָҲܾˣϷ̳ɻڲҲǲɱ֮С
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𵤿֮תܿ۵ĵ֣ҲŽ𵤶תֻٶȺϾ۵ǲλŮӰæںϣʱַ㺧ˡ
ַ֮еֽ˿Ҳ֪Ǻεϧ޷ֱֻܲں۷ǣ˿ںϣ޵ĺܣ޷ʵ۷壬𵤡زءͨԪɱ֮С
Լһ꣡
˫ִͫɫ磬·˫ͫҪЩɫ˺飬ֻǼ߶ͨͫ
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ˣ
֪Ժ£Ҳ֮һ
оһɽŷʶһȻͨȫͷŽҪ뿪¡
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ˣٴص£ȥһʱ䣬ڲʮ꣬ʮͻ죬ɶԴȥֽͨյԴȥȥ֮أ̤ܺܿλɾ磡


2128 ɴ
ٻΪ߰嫣һɫĥƯΧ֮УΪϢߡ
ƯһλΧȻγɣ٣ƴ٣ܳΪһɣ̤ɣҾɻʿ⣬̻ţɹһΪѪǿߣ
ڴ֮зڣϸγɵ磬ضŭҪԼڵʣһĨɱ
ٸڰպ¡¡ڣɴǷǳֲĴڣٽٶκʿȫעԸ٣ʩչ̳
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ȴǸֶδ֣ڵ˫ͫͻȻÿնһЩϸ΢޷ֱĽ˿
Щ˿ͫʽɣټɽ磬κһͫţҲ޷žͨ
ͫӡǣҲֻߣӵͫҲߣеĲͨ
ĮȻͷһٳˣֲΪͬ޷٣˲䱬ըڴ֮¡
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ˣ
ҹ֮Уؽʧȥâ
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ݣ
֮Щ磬·ͻȻ𵴣ֹİȴһɫ֮ͫд̳׽ٴȥ
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˲Ϣһ׽Ի֮٣ɱڽ⽣֮УȻ׽Ծƻ齣ǱƿǽռϷ磬һڰ֮бը
ͫԽֻܿͨɣ㹻ҶԸǿУ
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䣡
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һ̣ڰ׽ٳ֣֮ǰÿһضҪֲ̫࣬˹׽ںһ𣬽׾޴׽ٹâеѹ˺֮һѡ
ȻʩչͫһΣǽ⽣ɱһ߲׵绯Ϊ˹ɣͻȻڰա
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ӷ羭ǺԨؽɽһ̣Ĳ
֮ڷҲϵֻǷϵҲջ߲ױøΪס
߳߳
ײɱһ𣬽ҪûԷǿ飬ҲһĻ̵޷
Ϣ󣬴ٲϢ£شȻ߲ͫ׵Ķ֡
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ͻȻ˫һᣬΪһѪΧѪ֮У̤ںЩ
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2129 
סϴ֮Ҫϣɽʯס㡢ӡ֮ӳ֣ŶٻЩջ񣡡
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2130 ӡ֮
᳤̻죬ֻһͨϣʵȴ쳣ǿδĨɱʶ沢ֱ֮ͨøԴħǿħ֮һ첻ûнⶾתΪһħʿ
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2131 ѪծѪ
桢ͨǻгһ߶һ޽磬𣬽ɽ𽥸ǡ
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ˡ
Ѫ֮кȻܳһѪɫ𻨡
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Ƭ̣ȻɱգĪӼҸָ֧ԮҲ£ͤХԹ
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ɻʻڿֱɱĳԪ飬ʬͨС


2132 Ӽǿ
ͨˣɻѹһ𣬻ɱһ𣡡
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ͨʵҲ٣ߣӼɻǿѹɻʣٺ٣
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˶ڳĬ֮УĿǰƣâϲߡ
淴һӣ֮ǰѹʹɻǿߣѾԪɾͥǿ߾ۼⷽǱǿ׳ʲôͨɻʣҲ¸߽ɻʣӮӣͥش󡣡
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ħޱȣ쿴£Ƿ̳٣ѾоϢ̳ˣӼҳ峤ͤХ֮⣬Ϊǿһˣɻʣ


2133 ѹƺɻʵ
ңӼҾȻǿߣ¶誺Ǿȣ̻ǵκδһɻ춼ĸ߲㣡
ʵ̻ͥϰٷ̳ÿһ̳ɻɻʲ٣Ӽ̻ѾǺǿһ峤ͤХҲǸŻ磬һʮΪϣӼҵɻʣ
ȴһɻʶ֣棬·Զ·ŵϤӵں仹ܸӦһЩϤϢ
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2134 ®ǧ
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2136 Ҫзַ̳
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ֶ̻θһ̻̳һƶʱȡߣֲ˳ᣬϧǣ㻽ɻʿѹƶ⣬޹ʿųֻɱ̻ʿ澹Ȼӿֵ̻Уһڿն
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2138 һ
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2150 
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ҥһһÿ˽Ըо֮ͥء
ƿ߿ճڲ̻ǿ׷ɱ棬ԺͥǿߣƺǡЩһ֣Щ˲õƺ«ħȦಭ׽Ƭȵȵ۽׷
ƺ«ƿ߿ճϢ̶̼񴫱ͥǿƿ߿ճǣԼǬɳѰ䣬̻᲻Ȼ۹ϢԼͨͣһЩɢǿߣ׷ɱ档
ЩϢǲҥ뾡취ռġ
Ȼ⻹Ϣǿڶ࣬д󲿷ǿߴŸɣǰ̻ᣬΪ޹еָ˵Щ˴඼ǿߣʵҸãöȡƺ«Լر
˴Ž浱ħͷԴϾͨţħȦħ֮ܶʿ˵ħͷҪħ
ҥͻȻ湪ǴӺ豦̻ﹺϢһ֪̻ṫȻҵȣǰΣһ˫ܺƽǵڶ̻ᾹȻڷնɱһߣ÷ǿָ֣̻߳ߣ̻ҪȽԼ¶誣̻ͥһ˵
̻Ҳ̫Ҫһƴͨŭա
ҲһȻû뵽ƱԼĸ£û뵽ǽǣһɹ׸
ҥϢûκϢǿǬɳǡƿ߿ճΪ׷ɱ棬ͥȷѾû֮أǷҲȥ
ͨˣô죿
ǽҪȥμ·棬Ӧûа˰ٶӣʱѾܴæ뿪ͥԱܱܷͷ
Ǿ뿪ˣ
֪㲻ģʵҲģʵ̻֣Լôǿ߶֣Ҽƻ뿪֮ͥǰٶ̻һ̳֣֮뿪ͥǰ컯ɽ磬ȥʥɽҳ²ڣ
ٺ٣Ͷˣ´ζǳأ
㣬ڵͼһǳأ죬ǲһҪ̳ѣһһҪ̻ʧӲùҲҪǵӲù
ǾͿҵģ
˽һᣬͨץͼһѰһǳΪĿꡣ
ţ˼鿴Ժ£»ʮܴ߶꣬Ӧÿͻɣȥ·滹а˰ٶ꣬;лᵢܶʱ䣬ʱҲӦÿ֮ǻл߽λɣҪ·֮ǰͻɻʣѾ̫ʵʣ


2161 Ļ֮
ϷʮѾʧȥĿǰһھ£һЩ⻪һָ
ˣҵĿˣ
ͨȻͼչָŶ꣬ƿ߿ճΪ룬򶫡
Լڶ뽻紦һڵɻʥţһһǳڼɳǣΪǡ
ǵλ⣬ɻʥţڶ򡢱Ľ紦һĴǳأƿ߿ճһҲ̻ص̳֮һ
ˣбʣǻֱӴӻıɽƬ޾յ֮УҲ·ʱٴɽ뿪ͥҲҥɻʥŵӣԻǺϤͨ꣬ɭɭЦ
ǲҥɻʥŵӡ
Ƭ̣ͷǡط˵ˣϢһΪս׼
սڼһԻǶ֣ҲζҪ뿪ͥǰ컯ɽ磬һս֣ܴŰȻ־μ·档
Ϊȷμ·רʣԭֻҪֻɱڰͳǿߣȥķɽĴһͿ뿪ͥȥɽɱڰͳ졣
ʵ죬Ҳ뵽㣬ȻҪκɽ綼һģֻҪնɱڰǿߣʬ彻һֱӴȥ컯ɽ磬һͨκοˣμ·档
ʱ䣬Ǽڴ֮¶ɻһУ桢ͨҲץʱ乮Ϊ
Ƹռ䣬ƿ߿ճǵ̻̳⡣
뱦滹ʬ壬඼̻ʿҲи޹ܵǣˡ
һ¥ܶʧڲֱҲͷų⣬ǸϢһ¥ӹʰ쵡
¥һһЩƷʺ඼ǴҪԴ¥͸ḻϵıҲ٣¥󲿷ֶԴȴҲһɻʵȼı
¥ɻʱҲ̫࣬Ҳǧֻ֮࣬ٶɻʹá
ߵرԼһЩӡ䡣
Щ̻߲֮أǲֿ⽻״һЩɻϵģм۽׷̻ɻ˵Ĳȷе۽׷
ſ˿۽׷Ʒʶͨʵ۽׷ûһƷʴﵽ߶ȣҲɻʶԣ㹻ˣ޷ʩչ۽׷ԣַħȦಭ׽١
ǲע˲ιҩΪġ
Ȼ˲ιţʮϵ˲ιҲмǧ֮࣬еĻӽ꣬Ȼҵųһ˲ιȻֻмǸ߽ɻʣĴڡ
̻һ̳˾˱ο̳
졢ҲƸռ䣬һ̳˶رҲۻҡ
˽ЩǶϵģ͸ȡòϵԴ棬һЩ֮
칪ˣʵ̳û̫࣬ø߽λɻõıֱ̫󣬱Ｘ۽׷ʵȼĵ۽Ʒʱ̳
̳ҪЩô죿
ȻԤ¶̳ͻĳǿ߻ͱܰɽף̻̳ܽһЩ̳ۣ
ֲûǰһıȻ̳û£̳ԴҲ㹻Ϻܶ꣬㹻ôˣǰ컯ɽõģ
ˣֻǴһЩ鵤ɻʾѪƳΪɻѪá

ƿ߿ճǣ
̻ḽʮ棬Χһֵһܴۡ
̻ǿڸۡѲߡ
ӣ
ʮɻʾۼڴǰһɼ꣬ǵźһǰǸĵӡ
ɻʶ԰깪Ӽ峤ͤХҲС
ͤХͻȻ߳걧ȭȥ˵ǹҪ磬ǳŲҲ棡
ƿ߳Ǹֻһ̰֪֮ˣȻһУΪңܶȥȻĿҷ̳ΪŭһȣִŲмϡ
Ǹ߼ͣȻû䣡
һɻʳ˵

ͻȻ̻᲻ɻǿߣۼһãһ̻ǿߣæСܶ
£֪ڴˣͤХһɰóǿߣѪ
˹£æȡһͤХ־壺աղ˽һ˵ֱӽӣټ
ʲôڶɻ𺳿ŷ
ͤХиȡ·Сǰꡣ
һ߶ͻȻĪЦ˼˼
·һɻʽԲ֪ƣֱȥͷŸԵע֮С


2162 ˿ڴͱ
Ψаܲ·һħϢȡԨ
ԼϢ֮󣬷·㹻ڲһԼֱŮӵ֣ӣ䣬ɸȤ
ɼζЦ⻰̻ǳط̳𣬴˱ػУӼȻż٣Ȼװ׽˺Ϣã˵˵˵䣡
ŮӺܿӦǴˣֻҪһӦұ䣡
ʲô
ֻһģƺ«ҲҪǻĶΣ
˵ǺδӦ㣿
ӷģҪĶûκʧǶ̻УҲòϣ̻һǿѵһŮ
̻ͥ˭УپʹӦ㣬ֻҪץ棬ҪĶһ˫ַϣ
˵ƾ
ĪǻҪ־ݣ
˵Ц֮־кãȻҪͷԪ񣬶ŷ˵һŵԪӡȻ̻ʳԣ˫ַϣҹϢһ⣡
Ԫӡ
ʱɽ΢΢ɫ䡣
Ԫӡ͵һŵŮӣŮӵͥȻͷţ޷⣬ҪҪĶһѵ³
ҴӦ㣡һӴӦŮ

ĳһ죬ƿ߿ճǡ
ȻһЩʿЩʿȥǿҲʧȥ
յأڣȻڸ
⣡
Ա壬ʯ֮Ϣؼ䲻Ϣⷽһ֡
ظһδѭƬʱӿյھһʯͷ
мʿ
һ˫ͫķն
ʮ⣬ʿӦ֮г֣Ӧһᣬ΢΢ϢһЩ̫ţ⴦յرʿѰղǼǿϢҲյѰ
ƺһжƽʱӦĳࡣ
㣬ٴͫԣΪֶʮϢ˷ǣ
Ը״̬ͷţͻȻͶȥһʶ
ಣ
ڳ֣ҲΪΣ֮ǰкüǿ߳ڸʮȻٶȷΪյðգֳʮˣƬɽ˷𽥿ǣƺǱģ
˵꣬ͷظӦ
˲Ϣʮ⣬ѿʿٶЩ˾Ȼɻʣɽ˷֮УӦʮˣɡҲУɻҲкüˣɽ˷ʮɻʡ
Ѱ޷յʿ˲һӦΪǶģ֣ʮ꣬ûбЩ˷֣ΪͻأѰ
Ҳ̻ǿߣĪ֮ǰ֮Щ޷Ϣ֮꣬ϢͷȻ֮⣬ű˷֣
пܣҶԼ̫ţ̫Сʿ̻Ȼи߼ǿɱңһвֶҵҵ䣬֮ǰһͻƶ죬ʱһϢ޷أƿ߿ճҲǧ˻ǻ䣡
ų֮ɫһ󷽴ͨ¶誡ţɿ֣ͨġ
˵֪дǿΧɱԵ⡣
ʱøӦͷųȥŰɻʼǿߣѾɽΧ·֪ǲڡ
ʱ˵ǸɻʣΪһ졢ΪΧʮвϰʿмɻΪ
Щɱңɻʿܲɱʹ죬Ҫɱңͱɱ֣
Ŀŭɱںϣ÷¶誡صͨħ׿ռ䣬ţҲصƺ«ڲ
ʣͨɿ
ɿܿ컯Ϊץɽһڻʽ״󵶣ͨץǰɿ弰Ϊһɶ೤վϣ˲ϰ֮УɿʵѾﵽ۷壬ٶҲһɻʸ߶ȡ
˵ǻɽΧӦǲ߰
ĬЩͻȻͨ˵ҾͲһ壬꣬ͨ®ǧȥ·ԨһǵԨҸѹĵطǧŻش󣬼סҪڰʱ֮ɣ®ǧһɻʣѾﵽɻʸ߶ȣɻʳɻʴӵ߶ȣ
Ҫһ׽ͨ˲沼ô;Цתɽ
ɿȥ֮⣬ܿԶɻǰС
ִϴ󣬶̶̲ʱʮʿɻʾʮˣмϢӦɻ죬п죡
ɿҲӦע˷Щǿ߸ӦٶȣӦһҵͿͨ®ǧٶȣ


2163 ÿһ
ʱֻ̫̫أÿһ̽ԷΧÿһ
Ӧ⣬ѾкüɻʣԼһЩɣǴӰ˷Χ
ͨڴǧ⣬洫Ԫˣɹ
գۼ䣬ɿһϿȣϿӦһȻѷԨ֣ݳԼӣֻһͨѷԨ
ǧײһһڣͨ®ǧõĴ󣬾ǰ
ڴһ죬ĳڵҲ㶴γһԼףԽʮ׵ĺĵѿڣ⴦ñ®ǧûش󸲸ǣֻҪӿӽ룬֮С
ͨ⴦ʮףٺ٣ַǳխʺ׽
ȥϢͷһЩ򵥲óһйľ󷨣ЩǿַöһͨҶȥ
˲ѺĿӣ͸Ӧһ罫أ̤ӣ®ǧѾڵȴ
󲿷֣ɻʽٴ߶ƴԴ㸺ƻؿܣ
ǣ
®ǧȭʹһԨͨϷ
ӡ֮·һԡ
ΧһɸַıԴ󣬻ʮֵֹĿܣЩܶ®ǧռģҲдģƩһЩ޴֩룬Լߣϧʵɸ߶ȡ
ͷƸΧԴɣںϣһͿԿƴ
ಣ
ͨˣЦĺϲ£죺ող󣬾ɻʷѾϿȣ
ˡ
ף׼ɻɻʽһ͵ϮһҲ׼̻ɻʿܣɻ߶ƺ«Լ͵ϮЩǿߣֻҪһˣҾܽƺ«
ʱֹжɿΪʩչ۵Ͽֲٶȣܿȥڴ󸽽
ͷŸӦǧ֮ϿϷһЩɻʡǵѰһӣûзϿȡ
ܿ˷ϿвϢ⴦ԨϷʿۼ
о۷䣬صζꡣ
ˡ
ʿԨǰҲͷŸӦŲҲ󷨣󷨱®ǧƣֻǸӦһӣ˹Ϸڡ
ˣ
ڰԨͻȻһ֣ոսһˡ
ɻʣһΪһɣ
䣡
һɻʿֲħɷѪٲѹ˸޷ֻͷŷƷ
ʱӰͻȻɱһɫڼ˱ѪǱ˲䣬¡
ͬʱһ֨֨ϮԻؿҲѹѹΧ֣ˣֱɿأǿ־ǣͻȻɻʰԵѹ
ΪǷ¶誡ͨƵɻʿܡ
찡⡢ôɻʡ
˵ɻʣѾŵʧȥ뷨¶һץץѪ
һ棬նɱɻʣһɣ
ʬǺööͨӷ¶誡󷽻Ϊħ˹·ʬڡ
նɱɻɱˣһ׽ɱˣҪ֮У
ߴԴ®ǧƿش
®ǧδɻһɣϢͱмնɱʲôʱɻʾϣ˼̤
滹ɻʣҪԸɻʾҪϼҪұˣ޻أ˿̣˫滮һߣһɻڱ
ɻӳƸ֮Уƺ«Ϊһɶڷȥ
ƸȻԴ߷ģǶɻ֮ú«ﵽ˲˼ĸ߶ȡ
ͨ
ڴڣ·ɿֳ۵׼ţϷз¶誡Դ
ͨȻˣɻˣҲҪԲ˶ߣ
ݣ
һ۽׽ӷ¶Ư
ǿķ׷ɱùΪҲԴ߶۽׷
ƶƣΧٻؿҲɱЦм˹һǶɻʣ
һ˫˫ɱڡ
ಣ
һɻʹ֮У˿ܣӦƺһ

һʿԽɻʣһλɡ
໥һۣûκνڴʱһɻ̤֮С
ɱ
˽ͷŸӦ̽ѰţͨһͷʱɱѪڲйƳ档
¶誡Ҳɱ졢ɻʰԵⷽһڴպڴ֮С
⣡ɻһɻŵþߣ׳ں󷽷
ϧҲɻʸ߶ȣٶΧɱĿֲ˵ѹǸɣֻʣѪɻʽѪˡ


2164 һ
ಣ
˷ͬ棬ݣϢɻʡ
Ǹո̤󣬾ͼǰѪɻΧǿֲɻʹ𵴡
һ֪壬ɱɻʣ˸Ͻתߣһǰһɻʽŵ۽ֻͷƷ
𵴣ɻʱ޷̤һؿһָԵ˿ڡ
㡢ǲúɻһҲ޷ס۾
ͨȽ֮ǰɻקˣȻֵõľɻʬ壺ҪײҪЩΪıǱݣ
Ϻڽ£Ҳɻ飬˲ߣˡ
ͨŶִѳƣʵԾĴɻ֮УȻƺǡɻʥš
¶Ҳ¶֮ɫһɻʼĵɱһ˲ʲôͬʱɱˣһЩ֪Ҳ׷ɱǣ
ɱңɱǣɿһмӣȻɱ
Ѿնɱˣǵ֮ǰնɱһƺɻ꣬Ǳܿ³ȷΪ

ͬʱһں
ɻʵӿɲͬͨӣκԣһɻʵ䣬ĪʧѾ
ɿ֮ǰ˵ĻҺͬ˭涨ǾҪɱ˭涨ǲɱˣ
ͻȻӺϷʸһÿԪ֮бҪɱȣͥɻʵɱһɱ׼ˣѾϰʿԨ֮Уʮ˽ѾоħŵĵУɽǿҲУ
編´ٴǿ
һϢϢȥͻȻž
󷨺Ȼͬʱ˷ڣûɻʻɣ˷ҽӽǼֳɽǰһ֮С
ʮ˸ոŽӦͷųȥͻȻһɺɻʽŷ¶誳ֶһýĺ˹ƣһ
ΧҲѪɻʹһϮ
Щ˼壬ȻܾɱĽɻɻʹƣ̫ǿ
Щ˲ץѾɱǷϣ󲿷ǿƷ˲ֻм˱Ѫܼشɱַâơ
һɲǼ䣬ֹâڴڱԣǻʽס۽׷Ĺâ
®ǧõɻʻش󣬴ʱҲҪãЩǿ߱ˣȴ޷ڼʱɻʴ
ʱڣ˵ˣʿѾоԨϾôǿڴɱѾʿ׸о
Űף˲նɱǿߣֿ֮⣬ȷϰʿԷٶȲδ̤Ԩڲƺڹ
ֻ֪ɱ֪ڲֻЩɵˣҵüӵϣǲòʱһǰ̣֮ٽҪɥڴˣҲŲжˣǵӣ֮ҪۣҲˣ
˵֮󣬼һϷͻȻɳһƷâȥ
ʱԨ⣬ʯ׹£ܶʿڰաǻԥš
һƷâԼԼӺԨ֮бȻʧô˲Ϣ飬Щȴʿûһԥȿֺɳ۴Ԩڡ
ԨϿոʿ£ֱӱԨڶȥ
ҹ⽫ƸͷųȥȻЩʿˣ
Ӧںϣܿκζ첻мЦЦʹˡ
ڴ֮ǰʮǿߣѾ¶誡ɿͨնɱ
ǻɿһ˲ʮſֲǷʿ
Ҳδ֣Ǽգۣʮ˷ɽøָӦѰƺ«ʮ໥Һ滹иʿԴҲ洳롣
ȻǶҪƺ«Ҿۼ֤Ĳ
ʱ˿̣ѾʮˣɻʶкüлҪһɻʡ
Ѱƺ«䣬Ȼ淴һģϷһƹâͻȻŴ̧ͷһƷǵͷɶǺ󷽾һһɶƺ«
䣡
оΪﵽ졢Լɻʣһ֮䣬֮һԾɱʽ׷ֱӳƺ«
˵ȷҿɻ߶ƺ޷ɱǣҲҪȣ
һĻЦĸΪ顣
ƷȻɻˣҲûƹɡɱ󲿷ƹҲʮˣЩ˴߶ֵǱƹúˣѪϾ󲿷ֶɣɻֻмˡ


2165 ת
һЩɸܵɻתߣϧ֮һɵƹâ˺ѣһתۻΪ⣬Ѫɫ촷ۡ
ֻмɻбˣͷŷ⡣
ɻֹܼƣϾƸǿΪ֮طɻӳڷչĹ
δ̫ԵԻɱɻʣɻʻǿԵģɶǵڳɱܶƹѹлɢ
һͻȻɻ֮ϴɱƺ«ƣҲɱʮɣʣ¼ɻʶˣһɻˣʣ¶졢ɻʻܿס
ڼͨ뷽¶誡ɿأδ֡
ಣ
һʿ󲿷ֱɱ¾
һʿƺ«һų֮У̫ˣмٶˣȻɻɡ
Щһ⡢ѪҲɻʱסһʱ޷ɱ
Ҳٿ־塢£Ȼ̧ͷϷףȻһɶ̽ɵƺ«һ¶̰«
ΪҵĶôãҪ֪ΪȴԶߣ
ȴЩɱȻԽԽá
ûɻʣȻȻϴεõ̻ɻʣǧԪطԸÿɻʿܵطӳ֣ɻ
ĪĴڣ
ͷһӡǣƯڰ֮еƺ«ٴһɺȻƳâҲһЩħϴζԸħǿߣһЩħ
ħںϣ˲һʿɻʱˣ󷽵ɣ߶ǿƹƣ¡¡һһ
·һ̣Ҳ񲡶һᴫȾ
˼ʣʿɱ֮С
Ϊ̫࣬ƹҲڣǰƹѹɻʣʼһ
ŲʿɱƸƼߣɱƵɻʣѡߣһ̰ƯϿ֮еƺ«ƴһȥɱͨҪץסƺ«
«乥ƣɻʣƼأּɱˣ˾ͱɱ
ⲻ̶֪ʱ䣬ڰѾѪɺӣʬɢУ津Ŀģ·ħ֮ء
ͨӰпʧȥĴȥˣǵóˣѾʮɻʿԿƺ«ƣһƽƺ«նɱЩɻʺܿסƺ«
ںԴ֮Уδ˿֮ɫֻǵ֣Ϊȡƺ«ƺ«һζõ«ʱ֮ǰҪǿ߽Ҫ֣ζҪ˵սľ
֮Уʮɻʴ߶Լͨһֹͬƺ«Ĺƣɻʾɻʣ˶ڣ֮Ȼһƽƺ«
ɱڵʿȱ֫ŵɵôƺ«ֱ̰־ȥƺ«
˸˷ǰǰƲʿһɶƸɱ
ʱƺ«Ȼ£ϱɻʸ߶ȵĹƣܴﵽɻһ죬ļ£ٽɻʿܵ߶ƺ«Ĵۣٴδ
ֻɱˣಫֻҪɱˣþա
ʱ˵ˣ˲٣Ȼ˸Ʋ̫࣬ҵģ֪ƺ«µʱˣͲɣǴɻʣ
ͻȻվ®ǧƻشôϿܲסˣˣмɻʣɻ⼴ɱˣ
Ѿмɻɱƺ«ǰǿʵƺ«ƣΧź«æץһӡҪƺ«ȡ
˾ȻͷŴ䣬ô佫Ƹ롣
һĻֻΡĮǽƺ«̫ˡ

ʮɱһǰһɻʣȻɻʣκεطǾͷ
ִ̻ɻҲԳΪһǳصķ̳Ȩߡ
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Щһ졢ɻʱƵһˣм˻
Ϊ˶ȡƺ«ЩɻѾ˲ɱˣɱۣκ赲ǰǵˡ
ɲͷŸΪƣɲùˣҶնɱٶˣŹص㻹ǻɱʮɻʣ
ڰеķ¶誡ͨɿڶˣǳ־ɱУĿһɻʡ
ž
ƺ«һ࣬Ȼһɻӡĵú«ҡΡ
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2166 ɻ
һĻֿһɻʣץƺ«٣ը顣
ɻίʵ£뵽̻ڲɻʣǼʮɻʿ߶񣬸޷ܡѹ̻ɻʡ
ʮҵʵƿ߿ճǿ٣ʱͿɻʽ֣ɻʻܷ
ɲǣһС֮б
֣֮һڶǰһɶΪʮɾˡ
Ȼ봫֮еһһɻʣͷסƺ«һ̿󷽾ɱֻв벻
һƺ«Ǿȡתһڽ⣬Ǹ߽λʽɽ

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Ȼ˵ɻʣǻһɻʣǺѵģΪ޷þܿɻʡ
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һͬΪɻʱɣҲ£ƺ«ǵ֮ֿɵãɱȹƣһǹɱֲϷ翪ʼ顣
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ȴһǹоţɡ
̤ţһŭ˳ɱɻʡ
ǿǴﵽ۷ʽƷʵķɻǿԼߺһȻ𵴣Ҳɡ
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һ潫߶ɱʮ졢졢һɻʣѾ¶誡ɿͨ͵Ϯ
һ̤¡𵴣®ǧõĻش󣬽ܲסɻ߶µľһ̤𵴳󲿷ִ˲飬ƾ󲿷ɻҲˡ
ʧȥԨΧЩµʿۿڲһѹһɻʣŵЩ˸Ͻתӡ
һЩҲŴ飬֮ӳŵû궼ûˣֻһ˼ߡ
һţһ̤Щɻʣ󲿷ֶȳࡣ
ʮɻʴ󲿷ֻм˻һںȴûлͱɿ󡢷¶۽ɽɱɱһƣ𷴿ɻʻɱ
ɻһ飬Ԫȴ״̬飬ɻԪƬһеĻߡ
ӳһ֣ߣɿħ׷ȥɱɣɿֱӽڣ϶컯ڵͱɿ
ħѪȡֲԼ˵ķʽȥڿʼ˵ħ汾ΪʳЩɣħħҲΪֲ
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ոսһЩɻʬ«̧ͷӦǧ⣬һԪ⣬Ӵ
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˲ɵһɻʣ
ݣ
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һ߲ƣ·һλˣԪɱ
澹ԵԨ֮ЦһǿɻʰΪѾڵκδҲǸ߲֮еĸ߲㣬Ԫ֮ȷϧҪɱҵԪ
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2167 ƺ«
ȴ֮лҪɽһҪˣѾɱԨǰ뼸˲һ

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ߺݺһƳˣΪҪ«
Цƺ«δУΪξᣬҲܣֳ֣½Ԩڸȫס
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ɻʣһˣöԸǸɱҵķҾҪͻȻһɻƴڷӿ
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һˣȴԵ᲻٣ɻϢѪ·ų⣬ҲĳɻʷǷɻ
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ߴ߶ȻתΪһɫӣȻǹ档
һɻʳһƮ⣬һ޷˲ںһݺ᳤һն
ɻʶԣŲһ룬Ͳ⣬·͸żԶ
񣡡
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ΨоǰͻȻһԾ𣬺䣬Ƹպñֵ
ƾ񱻾ͨػûһ˻ᵣľ飬ɻﵽ۷˲䣬Ŵһֻץƺ«
¡¡ɻʱը֮Уڻ֮бܡ
ˣҿжһܣһ˲һޱȵĻ棬˳ػо
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ݣ
һǺ˫һᣬ֮ǰɫͻȻΪһ״ȦͷȦ

ø첲һͽȦ俪뷨֮ײվŵļӶըѣڽը״̬
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ӼΪм߶ԣҲɱԽҲһɱϧǿ߶ԣһܵõ˵֮еƺ«ǵܣ㶮𣿡
ͻȻϢâԭɹӲѪɺӣɹΪ棬ЩͷУһ
һߣټԦǹȦɱ񣺡زΪۻأضͣҲûֻأǿԼ˫ȡһʲôЩɽ磬챦Ϊ챦ЩҲữΪ棬ˣĵлԶԶΪŷݺ£
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ȥûǸƿ߿ճǰ㴫˵ɻʿ⣡
ҺûȥȻУȥѾǿвٵɻǿߣ
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Ȼܾƺ«һοƺ«һξô
Ȼڲɻ潻̣ЩǿĬĬţ󣬺µͬʱҲޱȡ
ɻʱ˰ףѪԾĿ⿴ɱľ񣺡ΪֻɶΪȴܽɻ˵زϰɽ
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ǣ
ͻȻЦˡ
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ײһһΣȻûнɣ·ɻ֮Խ
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ɻʼգ¶ϲЦݣæȫɱԴģı̰·ƺ«ǣо


2168 㻹
ǣ
һɲǣһ޵Ӱӣɱǿһ˲䣬Ϸɱ
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Ÿ˲ϢΧڵڶΧҽ󲿷ɻ֮߶ڶɻʱһȻڵڶɱ֮ʣ޷ʩչȫ
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һתƳһԨ·ҪЩǿ߿֮ŴԨһȥ
ˣȴһӣ׷ȥһиǿ⴦ԨҲ뿪ļʱһѪս
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֮ңǻнԶ룬ѡһֺأвô
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ˣ㿴öɻʬ壡
ϢһӣɡɻѪԼһЩ߼ɵͨͷųʮɻʬ壬вɻʬ
󲿷ֶһ죬졢켫٣١
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¶誵棺ز̻Ҫ㣬ͥһĴҪ㣬ɱһһɻʣǶ׷ɱ㣬˵ɱôˣгϼǿߣ
ûһ˿ɻʬ«治ƽ޹ɱˣҪұһɱͨɻʬɻѪɻʬҲǧطƣǴ׼̻̳֣֮֮ǻ뿪ͥи
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ҿͻƣȡȥ֮ǰΪ̤ɣ߶֮⣬֮Ϸ̳֮ǰϵõָ
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¶̻ɻ߶񣬶ٻǴԪϵģδĶ٣Ѫգĺ嫡
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Ѫţɿɣֲ鿴ɻʬ壬ϲѾɻʡ
ұ뾡콫ɻΪܣǧſҵѪںƿܣ


2169 
ƿ߿ճǼһĴǳأ̻ᱻ̻ᣬ̳Ȼ׼ǳҲ̻ӴͲȥи㣬͵Ϯ̳ƿ߿ճҪΣһ̳ҵںһ
һɻʿܣҾмְ⣬ų־ͷȻֲڴ߶ɻ֮ټԦٲһ޷֮
˼һᣬڳ۷ͬʱʶѪһںϡ
ΪͻѪ⣬Ҳʶ˲ɻʬԺ
ǧԪط˿룬ÿһСͨԪ֮УһЩƵ۽˿ɻʿܡ
ͻѪԺʶƴԣҲѪ͸ɻϣһ
ͨ󲿷УһΪԿͼܿƿѪ⡣
Ҫͻˣ
оһЩᡣ
㽫ʶλһ˼ȫ
ͨӲԶˣڡƺǵɻǿƣһʱ䱻ٻЩɻʱѾǿѰǣ
Ҳ顺īƣӴȡȻӦ澹ȻʮͬԪ
߶Щɻʥšںи߲㡢ϣҲµӣһЩѵȵȣЩ˹ǽȴЩ˲ǹغǵƺ«䡣
ЩӴԺ󣬽ԳΪҵĵˣĬã·ܵڵ׷ɱԼһ͸оѾݲ
ڽԻǶ֣ܳɲɹ뿪ͥǰʥɽ磬ȥ컯ɽ磬ȻҪնɱڰͳ죬ɶ񣡡
ĥ֮࣬Խȡ
䣡
ֲڣȻͻ˳һž飬ͻƾױֻʹ࣬ĬĬ֡
ͻ֮ɻʬףʱֶһʵܸɻ֮볬ǿ߶Կ
ӭ״̬ʹʧһɻѪɲǸܵʱڽľ˱仯
ᣬɫѾֻʣ²ҪɣҲڷ֮С
𵤡Ԫ֮УܿԾͷţҲѪ⣬Ҳɾӵԣǲܴڵġ
¾ɻҲ޷̫γɡԣֻһ˿˿ȻԱɻʣԼǺ
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죬ڼһѪս֮ǰʱͻһݣζܸô߶ɻʿ֮ɻʿ⡣
һݣǿԴ߶ɻʿܣ
ͻƽһɻѪƱռ䣬ִ̻̳ƶ֮Уȡ˲ι
ÿ˶ֵһĿǰʮ˲ιɶԣҩѾǳǿʵɻʣʮԪ˲ιҲ㹻
̷֮У״̬ԽԽãϷ̳Լ֮ڻ㼯־ΪոͻƵѾʼиֹâںϡ
֮пԿٻӰӰӰӣЩҲǳ档
ѪѪѪֶ˲٣ζʢͨԪѾǽ߽λɵĵز
ɫѾںϾųɣտҪȫɣ濴ĳɫΪͻƣȴ̫࣬ҪӰ硣
̤ɿʼɫںٶȾԼӿ죬ʣһܽȫںϡ
۵ȴںٶһû̫չǴҪںϡ򡭡
ϡԴڱںϣӸոͻ״̬Ѿܵ
ζԻ֣Ҫþһ׼ֶΡھ״̬
Լԭ¾Ϳٴδ߶ѾȲǳ
죬Ǿͳǰ
س΢΢֮ɳ϶࣬ɭҲïܣһǳڷɳ֮֡
һЩʿӳǳس룬˿ǳһǱƿ߿ճǻ΢СһЩıɳǹģࡣ
ǳԽԽԽΰڴˣѾӻǸоɻʥšϢвĵӣ
λڶ򡢱֮䣬Ҳڡɻʥ֮䣬Ҳ
ͨһɫ۱ʯĳǳأЩģˣǸǳأ̻̳ƿ߿ճǹģ࣬ʵûаգǿΧСǳط̳֣
̳̻ͨ᲻ʹҪŪŪģ÷¶誡صͨڡ


2170 
ͨǣһǳض˲ٰˣؽʱܿɻʥŵӣ
һȦӦǡ
Աƿ߿ճСһЩϾƿ߿ճǼҪԽ١
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ǽ룬ԶԶͼߵ̻¥Ӧ̳
ܿ첶׽ɻϢһɻʣ쵽һ죬⴦̳ʵҲԱƿ߿ճһЩ
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û˵ĬĬͷ֮¶誡̻ͨᣬҲɿţͷų
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ಣ
ӰͻأΧֵ֮УһԾ
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ҲϿգͻȻɻƣ˲Ϣִ߶һС
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ͨ͵ҡͷܰǲﲻ죬ͱ̻֣ᷢϢ˾޴󷨣
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ಣ
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Щˣ˶̻͵ǹ
ǰҫȻһ˵Ц棬ҹʱˣȻˣΪ̻Ϊ˴æˣ

ڰͣÿ˵ͫײϷŴһɼԶǿʢҫ֮г֡
Ӣһӭ·ⷽǳضЦƿ֮³
ˡ
ͨɵ꣬ĥƬ̣ͻȻ˵᳤̻֣棬Ҳ˽ƹӣ콻УƹͥĶǿߣΪѾͨɻʣδҲ̻ĽӰˣλߣҲԴ˿Ϳ
ƹӣ
Ҳ˵ˣ
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¶誵һɻʣɻϢơͨɻ޷͸ģɻʣƹҲǿ󣡡
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ؼƹֳּɻʣȻɻʡ
ƹȻЦ棬㵹Ҳʱ䣬Ϊ㣬ҲѾ컯ɽ磬뵱ɽ֮棬Խ챾ٵɱ㣬ⷽͥð̻³
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ݲȣȴʮκð̻ᣬҪɱң̻ңҪҵƺ«ɹһʮӱɱ̻ˣ
̻йأֻ̻ǳϢ㲻ɰɣΪϢһϵзӦĪǶҪ̻Ḻ̻Ҫÿ˸֮ǰһǸҲ֮󣬻뱾棬ⷬڱУֻһѰ˰ˣ
ƹ˵꣬ȻͷһɺȻâ
ҫڶʮɻʣһͬͷΧҫںϣγһ޷Ӧʮ֮Ŀֲӡ硣

ȻƹӸֳһʿ
һˣǽ׳һҪߴһͷ׹ߣһڽս£һ˾Ǿǿߡ


2171 ƹ
ͨźǾǻǳ
ŵò᣺ƹӲֹ´󣬻ǰǲ壬񷴶
ƳһۻԼƹͨĪҪ֣ͷֻܺϻɱƽ磡
ƣ֮ǰ׼֣÷¶誡صħ֮У߶ɻ
˷̻λɣŶʮɻʴ죬Χÿһɻʶ졢ΪֳַâϢںһ
̻ǿΧâϢںϣ˿ʩչԲһˣ֣Ͻ֮
ƹӴʱǻƯ˷֮ƣһɱ⣡
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˷ɻʴ߶ÿһɻΧӡƬʮǳذΪһ塣
ƹ߳ɻʣҲ߳ɻʣȻɻʡ
Ҳһͬ߶ȻͶûǵǿߣƹӺﲼô󣬾͵ס
ͨվԱߣҲʼûˣϢ̫Ӵˣ·Ҫѹ
ɿҲһ˵ҿѾﵽɻ߶ȣڻʮɻʣǾӵɻ֮ʵҲԽ̫࣬ƹ˸ǿ޷Ϊĵز
̻ҪǸϾɱŭɱ֮ͫײɲǴ߶С
ûʮɣɻʿҲͨڷӿ
ʱ˷ɻʮɻʾͷͬӡٶȴ߶һ˲䣬ÿһӴ󷨽۷ӿȥɻΪһ㣬ںϡ
ͨͻȻ˵®ǧ˵һ󷨣

һΰޱȵâǹâ̬Ϊ׾ŹɻԼƬʮʱƿ֮·˲ӽ֮۰룬׹
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ˣͨæ
ǼԦɻȻԵֵһͻ죬ȻǸղһ²Ҳҽѣ
澪ĿһɨΧ̻ǿߣ·һÿɻЦݣӡġ
ֶͨ㽫ɻͷųҵԴ߶ھȻɿţƺ«ȴɱƽ磬ɿǿǣ
ɲǼ䣬¶誡졢®ǧȴܣһƯΧʮܣΪ߻Ƿ¶붫ʹɻʡ
ͨɿţʧƹâ֮С
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Զʮɻ֮ӳ֣ɱڶâڵڶϢ߿ٴαҫۻ⡣
䣬ɱըײ֮ٴ֮κʣǳֵΪƬ
ۣ
ըϷҲû
жʮǰֵըˣһʧȥʶΪʬɻʿܣҲɳѪ
ϣҲٴѪȻ˵Ĳأû뵽̻֮˰硣
ಣ
Ҫɱȥƶʮܣź󷽼ɻʿܣͷɻƾһž·֮ۡ


2172 ̻Χɱ
ƹԶһĻͻȻ죺һоܽնɱû뵽СӾȻڶлûֻˣ
һ˫Ŀޱȣҿ֮ӹ̻ᡢ׷ɱܿơЩնɱɻΪ֪ͨεطϹŽɻԼϣɱɻ֮ϧϹطβҲ޷ֶã
ιƣƹͻȻΧͷһޱȵĺ
ǰʮܷϷʱһΧɻʷ⻪ǿҺܶ࣬ʱ·һ΢΢״̬ƺĳַڲ˼ᡣ
̻Ҫñ֮ǰӿµһ࿴仯ɵ¶֮ɫ
ҵ׼磡
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Ȼ󷨹ҫٶ̫ˣոɱףҫͻоɲǱըɽ緢߰ڽ˲һɶ
ۣ
û뵽·Ϯʮ֮УȻʮܱѪ塣
ҲٴαѪҺôɻʿܵסȻղǵҫѾԽɻʣһɻʿֵܵ
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ЩɻʿܵǰαȻҪʼѪ
ʮɻʿܾΪ˵סըûһܼסϢԱըΪѪʣ桢¶誡졢®ǧ˵Ѫɻ壬Ϊ³Щһ˲Ѫ
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ɱӣ
һĻĻûжƹӡԼ̻ǿߣԴǿߵ۾
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֪һѵ;ĩ·ʱ̣ҪһâɱȻɱ
һ̣˶ԼĴ⼸Ϣɱȥпһ³
ʮɻͳͳӳϣڵ©âδ磬ͱһУâʱըϷѺۡ
ͬʱڶڱը֮ɱȥһƣһ̫׳ͷ𵴣类ɱһ״Ŀӡ
ƹſ磬ԤϣپССӣֻ֮þѹһɣɱһɻʣҲ⣬Χɱ棡
ߣ
һɲƹΧַɳ硣
ѾԦ𿪱ըɳӣǵĸ߿ա
ʧɿһԾΪһɶ棬Χ̻ᡢǿΧɱ֮ʣǳغȥ


2173 ɻʥ
ʱƹӲŴŴǿ߷ɳ磬ɿӳ֮⣬ȭھͿóǳشֹ뿪
ɹ󣡡һЩԥǽӡʮ֮ͻȻΪһǰĽ磬Ƿѹȥ
ƹܴ̻᲼õǰ󣬹ӣҾ㻹ϴΧɱ׷ɱ
ߵһɨ󷽶ʮǿߣɻʣйɻʣԿֲٶ׷ɱȥ
ˣ
ʮ֮ĳǳϿա
ɿ󿴵ǧ׾޴ķӡֳĳǳؽ統ɱٶȡ
õģڻɻʣɿϣ澹ûһ˿ţһơ
һС˲ɻ޴󻯵ͬʱһɱǿֲմ飬ɺ֮˲·ޱ߳ǳأٽֵ̱û
Ϣ֮ɿѾǽϷǿԼǳؽ絲ǰ
ȴԵһӣӺֱײ˹ȥɿھ󷽡
ǿ߹κι飬˿ɵǿ˱ټһȭгǳؽ磬ⷽǽ飬ɿӳǡ
ǧҴ·һ̻ͥᣡת̻ǿϢǳǿɱһǱɱͫϯȥת򱱷

ǰǹɿӳ̻ɻʾں׷֮ʣǰͻȻһš
ǹ֮߳һɻʣٶΪдͷһ̣֪˶꣬ǲӣǲɣԶĿ⣬Ӽ֮⿴档
ͷŸӦϴٴαΧΧʮɻʣˣɻҲʮˣܶ඼ǿߣ
ͨԪҲƺ«ǸӦ̻ĴϣһҲͥϹŶ
潫ģУһоƿ߳ƳɽһǿĴڣֽΧס´߶ɻʣҲ޷κһ˿⣡

˷ǻǡ̻ǿߣ˺ɽ
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Ȼչ¶һںһ˿ڰϢ
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졢ɻ˴߼ʯһʯķ̳ڽγɡ
ѪӡطɻٴźڰϢѪɫӡǣϴ뷨̳֮С
֮⣬ʿƹӷ·̤˶ʮûиκοߵĿռ䡣
Х棬˵Ľ죬ļգ
һɨƹѪɫڰӡЩӡΪһӡǣ·̳ںϡ
ɱɻʥųϣ˱뽻ɻʥŴãͻȻһ֮ŭԼһŲʮİ棬ӱ̻ǿߺ󷽷Ϯ
ھϴɻʥǿߣˣҲжʮɻɱͷҲһǰ̡һʵ׵ľߣ
ϡ
̺һƽĲ˲̣ɻʥǿɱ
ɻʥǿ֮УһѮߣЩݣһ޷ճХһ֣ų顺ҲĶӣҲʶɾǰñɱɱҶӣɱɻʥŵӣΪɻʥŴϣҸòΪʧȥ
ֿȻǵͷʱ䲻޷ڰ̳
Ҳ֮ǰɱڳī䣬ڽҪɱ棡
û뵽ڻǶǳذգһ֮ԵǴϮҲӡ
ڡͻȻЦ
ҲˣɻʥŴǬΪߺ
ǷǿߣҲһ߶Ŀ࣬齫
ߵӦϵܣҲɱӣҲɱڳī䣬Ҷʧһϣ
ƹӡһڴͻȻתһɨΧѾۼɣǿߣɻʾȻҲʮ
˼飬һɣôǿߡ
ʱĸܶԣԼɻǿߵɱ⡢׷ķˮܱˡ


2174 ɱ
̻Ҫ赲𣿡
ʱ
ɻʥŴǬǿߣʮ֮ڣȻ̻ἸɻʴǿߣΪ粻ɻʥſ
һڴҲǲԲ̻ͬǿ߽ء
˫֮·ʱᱬһɱ
Ȼӿӡǣû뵽ǣʱӦѡߣܼͷעȴЦ顺ȷɱģڳī䣬ͬҵУƺǵȴ۹Ĳɻʣʮɻʣɥ֣Ҿƺ«ҲҪҪƾ£
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ǷдͻȻ߳һһޱɲɱǲ̻ǿߡ
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̻Ҳ̫Ϊǣⷽͥɲ̻ᣬɻʥǰ
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ɱһ˵Ī档
¶ЦΪ˴֮䣬ٸӣû뵽ҧԭΪ棬Դ֮Ҳ޺ƽֻɱ¾

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ɿ󼲺Ǻһƹӡһɻɱ
ѪɫħӡǰִʮɻɱɡɻʶΧԸɻʥš
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ǿߴɻɱٶ֮죬ѾԽǧף
ʱֲɻ级ѹ
ƹӡһ޷ǰ벽ԭϴʮɻʣԽ̻ǿǿư·ɱ
һ»·һȭԴһɽһڵģߣ
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ַ̳֮Уһͷҹǽˮһգ˵ʲôſڴƻƣ̻һʲôˣһͨɰˣ־ͷϣȻƺ«ȽαСˣǵãһһɱǵһɱκҵĶк³
Сɱ㣡ŭɶ
䣡
˲Ϣͷ濴ƺ«ߣȻ˭Ҳܰװø֡
һƹӵȵǿߣɲɱ֮ͨܣƬս֮𵴡
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ǳظ߿վۼʿǶԶԶżΪƺ«ɱû˸ȥ͡
һŮӣ·һͨʿһƯڰա
ȻԼҡͷƹǸ̻նɱ棬ٶ屦Լ취õиıϧҸ߿̻ᣬһûмƻڡɻʥŻᣬ֪ҾԸ桭
찡ƺǴǿɱˣ
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棬ҵģŮӷ·Ѱһᣬ֡
ƺҲˣ
濴һͷɻɱӡٶȸ죬һǿߵԼζʳһ㣬໥ͷƤɱֻгЦ
ƺǣ᰾ʿҲˣ
ֻЦһ
һֲɻ֮ɱھͷ֮С


2175 ڰ֮
һЩɻɱΪһߣһ£һߣŹ磬һԵͷ
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֣Ϊʲô֪ɱźüɻʣѵƺ޶òɣ᰾ʿûиһӣһɫ˳úһܡ
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뼸˶ǰǵ̳£ͻȻճֲħ档
ܷգ̳ħ֮С
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ƿħ̳ԼڰҲǺڰʮߡħħһ˵ʹߣ˲˴ڰ
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ѩԶƹӼӣѵóһ˿ɫ
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ӡѩҲƳһƹӣȻ᰾ʿߵʦҿ·̳Ժڰͬɽ磬רƶĴͷڰ֮ţҿҪ߶ڰ֮ţ
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ѩȷԺڰ֮˽⣡ΨûɱȥƹӼ˵һ䡣
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ǰǱը룬ԼڣһƬռ״̬û뵽ͷ֮ܽͥռ䶼飬ǿһЩ˵ռͻ᳹ױΪһƬڰ
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ʱǿ߿ճΪ״̬·ſռһ𵴡
һŮӿһУڽȡ£Ȼ楡
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ٴգۣͼӰӡ
ϢˣӲܾϢҲʧ
Ȼ߿ûãűըʼϣָȻ״̬
ͷ֮УֻһЩ̳Ƭκʬ壬ѪҲδеһ˿˿
ŭüͻȻ޵ý̤Χ顣
᰾ʿյĿУӴϢ˲ʧֵգͻȻԳӽ֮Ǽ˾ͥЦЦҵԳžδһɡ
һɨˣúڰ֮Ŵ뿪ͥ׷ϴӣ
һҲ˿Ϣͷţ·һ̣ͨڰ֮࣬Ҳ٣Ǻڰ纳ߡعԼħǵħƶɵĴ꣬ڰ֮űȻ֮ͥڰռ䣬꣬úڰ֮ţȻȥһ꣬ǲ׷ȥкڰ֮ţкڰ֮ţҲһ


2176 ȶ
ˣһжžǿԶԶͷûһ˳
󷽣ƹͻȻѩ˵ӱȻǺڰħͷɣܿڰ֮ţħͷس֮
ѩ򶨣ϣˣǲħͷνֻһɣܴʦֵͷƤߣһ㣬ӽ쿪ʼͥ»ὫеŷͷѹΪ֮еһˣ
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ƹѳɴʵǿᣬأԶ·棬߲˶Զ
ѩĬĬƺǿߵȴš

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ƶ֮УɽĽ
ʮߣƳɽֻվΧ
ϷĬĬڤ
Ȼÿ˴ڤ״̬˫ۣԴŲ˼Ŀ⡣
һֳƿ죺ø½棬˰᰾ʿһЩǿ߶ϣӻǿǰúڰ֮֮زز
һʵƯҲݺݸþûʹ鷢ˣҪúףһ
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վƫƳɽ񣬹ʵƼߣֳһΪ档
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һŵ߷ź̻ͣ׷ɱӵ챦ƺ«ͥԼǿ߿ӡ׷ɱӾǹһɰʼûǷȿһҲδԮǷ߲еĵ
ȷƾһ㣬δɾһᳬÿˣʦܣֻɽǧꣿһͻȻʵ
Ƴɽ񣺡ȷֻǧ꣬ҵ޼賤ߣڷ֮еӡҮʴ½ӣԿ֤ʵֻɽǧ꣬ڷֻǧ꣬ǧ꣬ʹӷ˳ΪһԻɱɻʵɣ
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˻ɣϾǷֻ̣ܱܿͥżȥ
ȻǾ̫̫࣬ã룬һɣ͸ɻΪУ͸ҵŴԼȨЩˣǿٱꣿǵǵ׳־֮ĥ𣬷ӦˣԶǸʱһͥȽ£ǻ֧ǣ
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ȣһȣïֺ
һվУʱһʿԺţ
ر߱ȭҮʴͣǰк£
ԭƷţҮʴ͡
ƾվˡԲǰҮɼǸ緢һҮʴϵһ
ҮʴͲ汻̻׷ɱˣ
Үʴ͡
һͬΪһǷȻĮ㻹û֮ǵԹܲУҮɼ³Ҳһʵ֪ǾȡҪɱ棬У㻹汨𲻳ɣ
ǾȡҲգ˽ҲգѾע治ݣҺ޲ۼǰ
ϧҪʧ̻ᡢƺǡڡɻʥɳϣԼʮɻȥɱ棬أǱӳ죬Ȼ֪䣬ȷδڼ֮֡ٿ㣬ϵΪעֻͬһ߷ϣǵζԴոշԼ޼賤û侮ʯڶƷ磡
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ಣ
Үʴŭ쳤ХȻѾȥ
ǧ꣬ǵԹҲҮʴ͵Ľѡ

ʱգ
ﲻ֪ηһɼƯʯռ䣬ƬԶ
ʯΧ籩ڷ籩һƯʯǾʯʯ֮Умɽʯ


2177 
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ˣа£ΧԲһڰʿǲǸ뿪
һȻʯѨͻȻһԭͨ
滺ӱ֮߳һǰ̳ԼΧ棬ȻܸӦǿħ
ӻ⿪ڰ֮ţû뵽ֱӴ뿪ͥ⴦δ֪֪ռ䣬Ȼڰ֮Ŵͱкڰǿ߽꣬˵ؾһ꣬ҲǺڰǿǱصһħӦкڰǿߣǼһʱ䣬Ҫָƣõȴٴο˺صѨͨӰעһһ
ҲУ鿴ྭˣǱɻʺϻ֮ˡ
û£ٵҪʮָܻ۷壬Ͼ̶Զɡ
״̬£ʱմ飺ˣʧ̫ôɻʿܰ᲻ãɻʣʣ·¶®ǧɻʿܽԻڼϻ֮£
ʮɻʿܡȥ£ڻǷһĻĻǸոշ²ȥ룬һֲʶǱ
ԭͨղɻʿܣСǧӳ֣һܶԿ󲿷ɻʡ
Ȼ뷨ǶԵģԶԸ󲿷ɻʣǲܶԸʮɻֺϻ֮ɻʡ
浭˵ֻҪû£ʧɻʿʲô뿪Ժѹˣ
ͨŷ棬ֶˣڰ֮ξȻһ֮ǰǸ¸ԭǸ
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2178 ԭ
ͨŭȣߣǶ˻ţʵбһɢټʱϣһ
¶˵λߣδֽţ޹أ̻ǵҲӵ޷ֶΣƹᣬһλɻʣǺһһϲҪ֪жпܵģ
˵λˣ˶пܣôҲɵģʱ®ǧµĶ췢裬ͻȻָһ桢ɿţ
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֮ԱǣǷߣǶҴӷ磬ɽĻ飬ڷ羭ĥѣҲһͬɽðǧ꣬ǧٴΣ֮ҪңȴڳΪٶ֡
®ǧ͵ҡͷҲܶ϶Ϊôɻʿܣ졢ȻڶˣǸпܣ졢
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ҵȷǲģҲֶ֪֮ҺѵҷҪȥֺѰҲΪԼ͡
ʲôˣʲôֶΣҲĿǰҾͲ²ֻˣ֪ҵټһǺӣһʦ㣬λͥ楣ܣҲŲ̻иֿԤеҵټ
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һж󣬲²⣬й𣿡¶誴ʱ˿̣ûһ˿š
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СǧǧʱʯףСǧ£ӵжĿƣ岻֪ܡ
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ʣ楼ȻҵټҲȻ֪ҵ䣬Ϊβҳ֣
ڴŲǰҵҵϢӶҵ䣬ʱܻɱɻʣָܶԸɻʣͷɱ֣ԨָֻĳɣʵҲɻ£ûо԰ɱ㣬һֱи㣬ֱ֪ͨˣ


2179 ͻ
ԭˣֲǰȻ֪䣬ȴɱңԭƻδָ
һУ˲佫ġ
¶Ҳѹû˹ͷ̱ڵϾ棬ǸܵƿصĿֲ˻ģԺҲұ㣬һ㲻ҪȥͥҿԴȥ㲻ҪһɣҲԴ·
ľ˱ң
ҿԸϢȥ컯ɽ磬ȥͥ޷ҵ
СҲҪμ·棿ԭ¶κηϻû뵽֪СϢ
ȥμ·棬ȥ£ʲôҲ֪֪ģЩҵģͥ˽⣬ǳҵģҲȥһΣ
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ˣҪӻ潫ΪСšͨý¶ֱקħ֮С
ڸղӣҲŵòᣬʲôͨȷ¶誸Ϊ˽⣬Ϊ¶誱£۽ȥôԩԶԴ¶誺޲ֱӸɱˡ
ٿ̹®ǧӿʼҾϵǷ¶誳ңֻ΢΢㣬ԺȻãͺúرԺΪЧʱһԸɣ
®ǧҲҳ㣬Ҳ㣬ƿ߿ճǻᣬҸоǧϢֹǧѰҵ䣬ʦƳ㣡
ڤϵҳµĶȻû³ĵ·ԺΪЧڤϵ־ͷڻﲻԺʵǿˣȥǧţǧųΪҵĲҵҲΪһ£Ѿ緲һһ뷨
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ˣ̫ˣȻˣѹһЩɻʣ̻̳أԽһ׳󣡡ͨǵһͬ
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鴦󣬾һͨ߶ħɻѪɡ
ʱҪɻʡѪΪƯʱգⱾֻ̫̫ǳ֮ûϡ٣ֲ뽫̫֮࣬űãȱʱֻѪԴֲ
ʯЧʿʱգû⿿֮ǲģ˻Դʯ֮أʵãҲǱرԴ
ﵽһ̶ȣʩչöɲΪһƬѪУѪص
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ΪԴ룬Ѿָ࣬ǣصĳɫҪȫںϡ
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ڣ״̬Ѫ֮УһЩ䲻ǿңζͿͻơ
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ڴʱȻͷҲ̴ڹ𵴣ͷŶѪ顣
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𵤡ͨԪ飬زѪռѪѪҲһ
ţʹ֮࣬ɫ԰׵棬Żɿһʮ˲ιɡɻѪԼһµȲϳɫǽΪͨȻ̻̳
ΪʵӲƽϱȻǱǸԼͨ®ǧҲˡ
Դ羫պֲѷ
𵤡ͨԪһȵȣڴ֮ܡ
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ص֮Уɷֲ̳
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ʮоﵽһϸ߶ȣʱǰ컯ɽ硣


2180 ݵ
ԭƻȥμ·֮ǰȥһͥ˵ԼС֪СҲҪȥ·棬Ͳȥͥûٶ룬ֻ뿪֮ǰƺ«ڣϹԱߣá
ã뿪£ͨţɿ®ǧ֮ʮꡣ
ʱƯʯ鿴̳ȷڰ֮ڲ󷨼ȫơ
оãһЩüĿһڰ֮Ӧһ꣬ڰ֮žͶӦ͵ؾڰ֮ž޷˵أ͸õ̷˵õڰ֮ţҵꡣ
һڰ֮žûжôѾȥﱻڰڰֻܴ֮û꣬ʴˣڰ֮ŵʧȥá
ѾڰǿҹŸһкǿ߲õħ
նʱգ͵ʱմ档
޷κη򣬾˸ӦҲ޷ͥϢ
ã֮ʣɿ˵ˣźڰǿϲ͵㽨ڵ֮ͥµʱգҪͥߴʱȥѰңҳԽʡ
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ȻɿһӣȻһɵٶȣʱ֮зУٶȿס
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뿪ʯãСʱƽϽʵԶƯɽǰ
ЩɽɽûֲͺͺģͷŸӦּÿɽһЩڰϢ
֮ǰʯʯǰڣһʲôͣкڰǿߴȥЩɽǺڰħڡ
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ӦǺڰ֮űߣڰʧȥӦϵڰ֣֮֮ų⴦ħ
ˣйΧҷڵع֮ѰţͻȻ˷֡

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ݵǿȷܿݵ񲻾籩һЩףδȥܣίʵǿ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôЩȲȻݵܻصĳѨǰȥǴԨ֪ȥǴԨǾҵصͥǲǣ
桢ɿҲǰңû뵽һ㣬Ϊ̫ɵݵ񣬷ҪҵλѰͥꡣ
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ݵǹɿҲǹ֮Уٶȱƻɿǿ٣ʵԶԶݵ
ٴҲݵаͣ˼Ҳ޷Χշֱ淽λ
ڶݵٶȻ̫ѰΧûʲôʮǰͷһƬԲκڰӰɣΪֻǹߣݵ񲻶ϿﾹȻһޱȵأڴշ籩󷽡
濴ˣôһ½شڣ
ɿЦ˵Ӧòأ潥£γɵ棬ôһٳڸһЩԨƯ֮еķ棬ַҲ֮桯
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ݵٶȻֻʥ߶ȣ·С棬ĳֶš
һڿĿСһʯγɣȥһĹء
ݵȻһʯ󷽣ʯ渽һϴʯ
Ҫʲôɿ󲻸ٶ࿿һЩʮͷŸӦ
˸ոŪû뵽ݵͻȻһ壬ʯ֮Уѵڲ׽ĳ
գۼ䣬ʯڱһħ⡣
ڰϢ汻ħ̺ϢŪôһ
ֿݵˣſ죬źüʿͷźڰϢĺڰʿΪɸ߶ȣȻݵֻ֣ܿԼݵɡ
ɿͻȻЦڰʿ׷ɱȥֲ׷ȥ


2181 ϤϢ
ԭǴħʯǺڰʿȥӪͬ飬ȴֻԶԶݵ񣬵ǹе㲻ߣڳԵʿͬʱڰҪǼ֡
Ȼ׷ɱǼ˼æתǾ޴ݵҲ׷ȥƻǼڰʿ
סԭݵʳģǺڰʿˣ˵⴦ǲǺڰһĴħ
Ҳ汻˵ˣ˺嫣ǽȥǸݵ񣬺ڰʿè˵꣬ɿһθݵ档
̤棬·𿴵ƬһĴڣǳ٣ɽ֮Ƭ¶ѻɣӸ߿տػִ·ֹڵ档
ûκֲֵĵطվȻƯźĻֻƯգ֮Ͳκλγ̫£ӵĳ
߿գֻøӦ΢΢ӦݵϢһЩɽӳһһͷľ޴Ͽȣݵ½ҲƺϿɽѰʲô
֮ǰݵĶ⸽ȻҪʳҲǺڰʿ뵽ɿء
˸෢֣һЩɽܼɽһͲȻγɣЩɽۼпܣǺڰɽһҪĴħ
ֻ滹̫Ŀǰ޷ӦڰϢ
ݵϿȷУܣԽɽȺɽ֮С
ˣͻȻʲô
Ӧ츳ͷųȥһɺڰϢϿһԼ
Ӹ߿쿿ڰϢԽԽܿͿʮڰʿڵٷУǾȻԶԶעݵ񶯾ҲҸ̫
飬ȥһɿǸڰʿ
Զݵǧ߿ոŵǸڰʿʮʱ澹ȻɽһϿȣϿɽ͸ŴڰϢ
潫Ӧ״̬Ŵɿ濴һڰϢĶ찡ǧڰϢ
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ħʱ˿̴̫δ֪
ĬãҲڰй۲ħסϴҴħڲϢоһڻıƵϢЩ˵֮ԼԼǳϤ
ԶͥΪħϢ˸ӣ벻ͨоħܲ򵥡
кڰֿ֮ռ󷨣ڲϢʮָӣħԽԽء
ħ̽Ӹ߿֮츳ӦΧʮȻʮǿɻʸ߶ȵĺڰϢ
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ոտħ󣬻ΧûкڰʿѲߣطϢħ
˭֪ħȻ΢΢𵴣·ڲʲôڴ߶ħϸħ󣬱һЩ󷨺ۼʱͷǿħħȷڴ߷תħ
ϴ΢΢͸ħ󣡡潫Ӧƺ«ͷż£ħ쳣ǿɻϵȼħҲ̫ܿڲ
ҲʵԽɻͷţɻںϸӦ
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ʮڰǿ߽һЩʬ壬ħ̳֮Уʹħֲ̳ڰħ̳֮һʮɶ󣬿ڰ֮ʵزͨʣѪ࣬ԼҪӿĳֶ
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ʱһħǿ߻ǣһɫ󷽱һŮӣǶʮҵᡢòŮӣǲǺڰʿɽ磬ϧڰʿѹ
ԼϰŮȥ̳룬Ǻɫ֮УΧڰʿͨѪħգͻȻһɺڰѪɫӰӺɫ֮
һĻ뵱ǧɽˮŴ߶ڰ֮ţʮڰʿͥһ¡


2182 ħ̥
ˣ̳һʹҲͥڰ֮ǰһӵ㣬ڰʿȴӺڰ棬Ӧ֮ͨʹ󣬴֮ͥһڰ֮š
أ
ŮӽŵþϽħ̳Ѫɫڰʿûдκ·ΧڰʿƿأֱӻΪһѪ⣬һŮӸС
ͨž֮𣺡ħ̥ˣЩŮӽҪΪħ̥ڰʿ½紫Ͻ磬ȲŮӸУŮɽ羫ԼѪ⣬ӶӦɽ
ħ̥ȻϤĿá
һѪɫڰʿͨħ̳֣ҲһǿŮӸС
ϰŮӴԼһʱڣһٶӺڰϽħǿߣռΪħ̥
Ϊˣû뵽ħ̳߷ץϰŮӣͷŭޱȵ棬ͻȻһŮϣоɹϢȻһɹŮӡ
Ůģûκμ䣬䲻ʶŮɹӣȻǱ̻ǿץסڰձڰʿͥΪڰʿǿħ̥
в޹ŮӡħڲܣĿһЩͻȻһɹŮӴ
潫Ӧ͸ħû뵽ָӦʮŮϣӵɹϢħ̳֮ⲻԶǧŮӱǵžڰʿɡ
ܼȣ仹ɹӣȭͷͻȻ߬Ҫħ֮Щ޹ŮӾȳ
ɿ桢ͨǳĬⲻǷԣһĬĬ֧֣Ȼ֪ҪһħжѣȻ룬ҲŽ֧
ϧǸɹŮȲˣΪֻܿڰʿ
ϴħҲô룬Ҽħ̳Χкܶعڣ飬ħ̳Χڰʿ̫࣬ҹƾǽ·棬ӦдعԴӵ½عҲǱħ֮У
ɿţٺ٣Һܼ򵥰ҿҧʯ
˵Ͷɿûһ߶֮ħ֮һڵҧһһ߶Ķڡ
ɿһڲҧȥһʱѾһܶ
ʯ̶̳Ȳڽʽ׷߶ȣеﵽʽ׸߶ȣɿ츳ݣʯǰһ
ھһʱɿһЩʯ¶ʯƶɵһּӲʯڡ
ɿָͷžʯڵ֮жǷ棬ʯҲһſţܱƳʯڣˣҿ·ǵعЩʯʯħǿûƶɣ
漸öŹ⻬ʯڡ
Ϣϲͷ·һعͨûжͨܳҷħ·ͨΧɽϿȣ
ȥҪģҲ׼ʱɱˣ»ɿó۵һһѷʯϡ
͸ѷܿ·߳ȣȷûһˣΪһѪ϶
ಣ
˲ϢأѾ棬ǰ߰߾ôʯƶɵȡ
ΧҲûκζ桢ɿ׼ʱ֣ͷŸӦܿͰ˵Χûκζ
ɾ裬ٿΧȣʯƶɣڰʿöʯƳعͨ
뵽ˣħһ˵عǰУԼ߳ǧף͸оħҵعԽԽ࣬һݺ̫·
ڣȻ·
ʱ棺ϴһаڰϢӦһϴĵ¿ռ䣡
ҲûκμƻֻһһܾһҪȣʵڲҲֻ뿪
ǧ׵ʱ򣬺ȻһعȵľͷһɰаħϢԣǹŹ֣ӦȻһëȻζ
ҲмڰʿѲߣɸ֣ЩԶ룬û뵽ͷһ޴ĵع
عһأڵع֮УһͫǺȻ
һ޴࣬ʲô࣬һħ̥ȻһѪڡ
ħ̥ؼҲ̹Ǵʱع֮еħ̥ԼףԲΣһƯѪ֮еҬӣϸһħ̥ȻһŮһγɡ
ЩŮӶǴӣðֲڰϢ޴ħ̥ںϣͺɳɰǧħ̥Ůںϳһħ̥
⡢һħ̥»ǧڰʿǿ󣡡ŵɿ󶼱ɫ
뽫ħ̥𣬷գˣħ̥ѳɣЩŮȻǺڰʿʳ
һعͻȻӦһɻıϤϢǳǿҴӸ
ͬʱҲڸӦħ̥ÿһħ̥ǧڰʿħ̥֮˵ħ̥ǧڰʿ
Ϊֻħ̥Ȼˡ
ǴϤϢ;Уַּħ̥һʱ䣬治⴦ħӵжħ̥


2183 ľ
ˣǹϢǰ
ڣҪ֮ǰӦǹɵϢ
Ҳִʱӽ棬Ҳħ·
ӦħϢϷʱŵعͷһȻӳˣһۿȥһڿݾ
Ҳħ֣ħ֮ڣħ̥Ѫ֮УѪԱһЩʯǲͨʯϷдѪһסʮʿ
ЩʿϵľЩѪɣѪѪ֮УյֶӦѪʮʿ
ʮʿѪѪɾѪƺ𽥽Щեɡ
ɿЩ˶򵥣ɻʣɻϢǳ䣬ԪɾϢһǿ󣡡
Ԫɾһǿ
ˣԪɾܳΪʹǿߣôЩѪǿߣҲӦΪﵽλɻʵĴڣԶ֮Ҫǿ
ϴҿһǸƵϢ֮ǰӦǹϢʾ濴мʯ
һɢҵӣȻѪסȻܿ׳˶ƺһ࣬Ϊĺ˫ۼ򣬾ȻһǣƹǴ̣һ˿аϢ
˸о˵࣬Ǵ֮жħǿߡ
ϸоһʿ֣ƵϢôоϢ
ˣ
ȻϷǵڴּħӰ
ħӰϮֱ·
ǿߡ
ӦЩ˵ѾЩԷٶ̫죬Ӱ٣ӦǣѾӡ
ΪЩ˷֣߶£֮У¾һƯ֮С
͸ȻԿħ󷽶Ƕ츳һӰ졣
濴ļ˶ǺڰǿߣҶɻʵȼǿߣÿ˵ϢȻͨɻʡ
ǸˡŰֻֿ֣ǸˣȻźۣȴŰֱֻۣһɣһͲͨࡣ
ɿĵͳˣ֮ǰǶԸڰǿߣǸʩչ˱ͨĺڰƺǺµһս˱ħ𣿡
ߣŰ˱۵ӣ뵽֮ǰпܣ˱ħǴ֮еĺڰ糬ǿߣѵڰѾʽ׼ɽ磿
ϴɽɽߣʱۼ߶ϰ˱ħû뵽棬ּ˱ħ
»
ƺǰ˱ħĺӣһȥһǿ
ϧⷽʲôģ»ȴЩϤ
ٴ㽵ᣬҰ˱ħ£ȥ˵ɽ䣬òͶ뱾֮Уȴǳ뱾ΪУ壬ǰҲǺڰһӣҲûɱ㣡
ֲϤԭ»Ǻɽһ죬ʱͶԺɽһЩǿţ˾һĴڣȴ˾ҪȻڰǿѹ
Ȼ䵹һںԭǺɽһ𳬼ǿߡ
»
Գư˱ħѵǺ޵ħٴοǸӣ˾ȻǴ֮еĺڰǿߡ
Գư˱ħ˵ǻᣬڤ粻飬ֻĿǰ֮ͥеǿߣ̺ͥǻᱻħɣʱὫǵΪӣҺڰǿߣܺܿӦɽ磬ʱʲôɽ䣬ǣƺǡڶǱĨɱ󣡡
ҾҲǺڰû뵽»ʱȻܾԷ
ǻаʱɻ֮һѪɾҪŭתżǿ߷ɳӡ
ˣ·ûг֡
Ҳ֮ٴλصȣͻȻһ뿪ѹָУﾹпѹ»ֺڰǿߣֻ֣·һ
ͻȻǸ»˵ˣҵͷɱɱȥû뵽ȴ˺ڰ磡
ĪǾĸ
ҲǻЧǸǿľߣ
ɲǿħ»˵Ķ󣬾֮ǰӦǹϤϢ˫糤žŸǴ̵ɢˡ
˾ȻǾߣ
˽Ӧ˻ƣ˱ħ˵ĺܶԣǺɽ䱾ǰһ壬Ͷϣ
»ЦԼĵ̣Լˣڰ磿ߣ̫ңԶڰֶΣҲǲֻ֪ϧұ˸ˣ
㿴ʮǿߣ˻ţ֮ҲҪʱһ˵һߡ
֣ϴ˵ǸߣһħӦħţ
ħŵǿߣһǿߣͥ˷ĵͷ


2184 ʯסǿ
˵꣬ϸϸӦʯסǿߣȷһѾʧȥȻϢȴֻʣѪڵѪ
»洫ħѾûųȥڰǿ޷⣬ɣʵΪħŴϣȫڰͷ
ǸħŭȵڰԵħţǰΣ⴦ħҲûб֣ͥͱݻ٣ǽ
ʱͬգǽ˵ʸ񣡡Ц
⣬ɿͻȻ˵ˣҼǵϴ֣¹֮ǣѰ¹ȥӪѰҾ˵Ǿֳ߱˾ǿΧɱʧȥϢԭڴˣ
֡
Ǵ¹֣֮ȷǳ⡣
ʱھߵϢҲδϣǺɽҪΧɱߣͥľʵȻల¡
ȴħ֮Уܼߡ
ħᣬ˼ҵûн飬ħˣоͷǸ뿪ħ֮ҲѣҲӲܣñû޹ء
ˣ
ɿһ˫۾͸磬ƺǾ޴Ѫ֮УѪÿһҺ壬ǿɻʬ壬ɻѪףֻܿһ˿˿ɻʾѪҺȴֱӿɣõѪҺǷˣ
ⷬ۾ˣ֮ǰѾ¶˼Ҫ취߾ȳһͷߣӪŮҲһݰա
ûȥѪأȻѪʮͷȻ̺ͷ
ʮħͷˣͻȻѵ
ಣ
߶ִƾʧ»Ϊһ㳾Ưš
ԼʮϢħǿߴʮڰʿǿħ۽õۡͨɣΪͨɻħһ˿Ϣ޷⡣
ֱӽħ֮УѪǰгһħףͨǿħƷʡϢȻơ
û뵽ħƯŮӣԳħ̥绳̥£ǴѾʧȥĿƣħ̥֮еĺڰʿƿء
ߴ߶ħԼѪأѪڷɳһ˿˿ѪɫעŮӸУŮӸпʼʳѪɫ
ԭ˱ħѪЩǿߣҲιʳħ̥һĻˡ
䣡
һһŮӸͻȻը
ħ̥Ѫ֮߳һڰʿ壬ӿħ棬Ȼһ£ͨߺ󷽡
ħ̥ըʣһЩŮʬ壬ǸʬһЩڰʿħա
ҲڼʶŮӳΪħ̥ħ̥ձը̣Ҳ֪ڰʿһӦɽ硣
ֲúڰҪŮӣǸЩڰʿҲ֪޹Ůӡ
ŮӳΪʬ壬ٺڰʿ󲿷ֶɣǺڰɻʣһУڰʿħףһ뿪硣
׼ˣȻǾȾߣڵħ»ҲҪúãͻȻЩȲҲ޷ȥʱ䵢ȥԲ
ɿȲҵ󷨣
Ȼ⴦ħȻúڰΪȴƬ̣ͨʹ֮г֣˷·ѪΪħ档
ħǣ֮ħͨħڣԼһʱħһЩħͨʱ档
һֻħ潫룬Ҳħħڡ
ħ֮к֮أ⴦ͨ棬ǳȴӡڲϢǸʴĵĿºڰħ滺УΧڰϢڡ
𽥿ʯԼѪأһֻħ֮дͨô󲿷ħ棬ѪڲǿҺռǶǺñ
ֺñҵȻѣͨҲὫѪҺߡ
ţħ棿
Ժɽǿ»λ˾Ǻɽ죬ȻӦһۣħ
Ϊλħ棿ĪĳħǿߣҪħĥҵȣһ𿴲òĵħںʵ
Ҳħ֣ͷַħ֣Ȼͨħ棬ʶһֳһѪ֮Уٲ
ͷԽЩ֮ʣħ涼߿Աʯ˳ѪǷӡߡ
»ħ󲿷ֶߣûɿ¶ɱ⣺ħڣǵ裬꣬ᱻԸ⣬Ǻڰǿǲú
һ̣߿˳Ѫħ棬һɽǳ䣬̫ˣ˫֮ͫᡣ
ǰ
벻ǣƳ澹Ȼ˵ˣԷбΡ


2185 ɱ»
ѹƽ⣬ڴʱƳʯѪϣִǰҲǺڰʿˣħ֮УҪǰ
ȱ˭߾ĺܡ
Щ٣ȥıǣһлֵѣǰûھ¹֮Ǽ棡
ֵѣʲô
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ԭ棬ǰǵû˵иʿǳǱʣؼΪ壬ֵýҾЧԭ㣬С
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ӹƳ˵һЩǿߣȥ¹˵ǰ벻ǿʧȥټҲ֪ûгɹ
¹֮ǵȷѣȴֻͨѣͨ¼ְæ֪ǺɽֳҪֳңǲԸɽЩˣ˵Щˣ⴦ԶͥɻҲҵ
Ҳǳ⣬֮ǰӦϢû뵽ǰ
ԭˣǲ̫ţðգȱߣǴˣϣ˵ϲǷ˼ҵġ
ˣʵҪǰҲžЩ޹ŮӣȻҲЩɣɲͬŮӣҲһЩҪЩΪˡû뵽ħ֮УǰȳǰϣǰǿʵˣԼмＸǰߣӳȥвٰգ
㲻ҷǳϲ̹ȻСҲŻֵ۹⣬Ӧ㣬һħһȫˣȻǵʿ˵ʵҲۿŮ޹װ׳Ϊڰʳ
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ʱΪͬ⣬ͺðˣû뵽ԱͷȻϢЩ仯
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һ󣺡ǰɽ䡢ħŽжԹɹ𣬺ɽ䡢ħŽв࣬ȻǰᵽǣͲȽƷپǰɺã
߶ҪɱҲ򵥣Ʒף˱ħǵԪȻⷽħֻǽѹǷǳˣ
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ɻʿܣѹ»ħ˾ΪϲһҲ㹻߶񣬿󲿷ɻʣΪ컯ɽ֮ãֶһ㱣ϡ
֮ǰìܣħ»ϵͬһ㣬ҪѹͷЩ鷳øӣû뵽˸һ
ͼ򵥶ˡ
Ȼ»һ˵֣ЩħʲôãĪǶģ
ҲоЩ֣ķ治ͷҲ˵ҡҡͷ
̣
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һ̤ıǵɻʥţǡɽԹ汻ɡնɱɹҲɽ䡢ǿйأ»ħԶ޷ǵĽ֣
ħ濿»һֻƳڣѾɻ֮Сǧ
»һħΧԼͷȥսսҲħʴЩħƿԶɱ󲿷ɻǿߡ
ʱһЩħ濪ʼ»ͷ»ΪЩħǺڰʿڴˣȻͷƹħ档
ɻ߶Сǧ䲻ΪԻɱɻʣ֤ط
ſ»ͷһֻƳ棬ͻȻħǿ»ͷƤ
»ΪֻһЩħħ٣⣬оһ޵־·ڸԪ
»ԭѾˣԪӦֻ£ñң
޷ʽ»Ԫ
Ԫ֮»ʶԻͨԪ
һ̣»оԽϢڱͨԪȫȴ޷־ʲôϢڳ
죬ɻƿͻȻħڽӡɱһ»ʲôԺҪɽ𣡡
氵һȣ˫ִһӡ
û뵽һɺ֮»ͨԪϷֱ£»ͨԪδӦһξɽͨԪͨԪΧͬ


2186 »
˭˭
»ͨԪܵһ̣ſΧȻ顣
»ɹӣҲӵƺ«ǸʿɽɹҵӣҪǺɽѪծѪȾ㿪˲Ϣ˵꣬»ͨԪ𺳵
ϧûеڶ˵ᣬͨԪȻΪƬҲζ»ʶĨɱӴֻʬ⡣
һɽϵȨߣȴ³ҲĿ
طֲ»ڣӴоͶһͷܣƷħƿħ濿ħ
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СӣˣɹʵЩģȻҲϣܳɹغܴܲӳȥ
ԪȻ»ͨԪѱ飬Ӵû»ˡ
ݺһڻıɻʥҲԸǣû뵽У
»ʶĨɱܼߺȻҲһֱ֮С
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ħħһμģ
һѮߣϼûжѪ⣬ͷһ룬ܼܶĽ̡
ħǵͥǿħ䲻ͥǵڶ࣬ǿᣬǺܶԸһ
ħ˶֪ľħǿߣʲôɽħǿ̫࣬ǺڰҲǿħš
ħһħͷҲ»ȻڰͷҲ̰˭ȥúõĻš
һֻħ֮УûκϢͷţħϢȫأҲºڰ
һδ߶Сǧɻڳ
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֮ǰ˳»Ԫʵϣ֮ȿȥҪ⡣
طӳɻȷֻС⣬ɻʱͱħɷʶʬ壬ʬ
ʬ嵱ȻǧԪ񡢿ʬһЩҲԶĿ졣
γһ֣ɻһһգɻʾûһ˿ʣɻѪ
ϴζԸһ᰾ʿȾͷʧʮܣЩܻڣҲɲ١
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ҲͰʱ䣬һֻħ֮УͻȻħħڡ
ħһħ֣оħħӿ룬ûжൣģħġ
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ӰЦ˵뵽һ㣬ħãвܷӳ
ٺ٣ħħħԴﵽλɸ߶ȣħҿֱãʱٶԸɻʣħնɱǣħͥĳǿߣ
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ΪΣΪֲͷ
ħоħΧԼſϣʼû쳣ʶ·һ
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ħ֮УͻȻ˫ִһӡһ߳壬֡ڵħԪ֮еоٲգ۾ͽħͨԪ֮С
ĪǡĪħɣʼ飬û뵽ħȻ
ϧû˻ӦؼʱǺڰʿҪĨɱշҲϢ֮ΪƬ
ħԪտյûͨԪ򡢿ƵԪһƬȫħҲʼ̣ûһ˿

ħ潫ȡ
洫ߣǰħʶҲ»һ³Ҳûеħ
߿ħ¶òԭһˣС˴ͣı£ħ»ˣڻһٻɻʵȴϢĨɱ
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ǰ֪ЩŮӱںδɿ׼ǵиѪ
߳ĬƬ̣ŵƬʮ·ħع鶼ǣħ»꣬üطձѺһѺعﳣѺŮӣŶʮٶȿڰϹȥǾʱҲʮϢ


2187 ߺ
⣬ܾȶǶ٣˵꣬ɿڷɳ
ɿ㾹Ȼȡһֻɿ󣬲򵥰󲿷ɿ󣬴δ˵ܼԦǣֲ棬ɿǾͲ⣡߱ɿĳ֣Ĳᡣ
꣡
һԹâйǰһѪ
ѪǼ̣ϧǹǵпһ
ѪпһӲţһϹӦϹʿĳʬĥɣϹȻһ۵ȫﵽ۽Ʒʸ߶ȣ
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ɿٶȶ죿
ΧžתһȦѪ׹¡
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ЩˣȻúɱǺֶεȷ˷ʤ
滺Χ𵴵Ŀռ䣬оҪѿǺεͨ·ͬɱһͨƬռ䴦һƿ״̬


2198 С
Сӣ
δֵ𣺡ǽõµͨͬͨҪǿܴ߷ͨһֿռֻͨҪȻռԦϢʩչС츳ԲʩչȥС򡢿ռ̫ǳϵˣ
Ȼ䣬Ŀϼֲռ·Ҷסһֱڴ߷ɻ״̬ɻס󲿷ֿռȻҪУǧ㣬οܾˣ
СӵбЩ𣬻Ĳ̫Զ̾һͻȻʧ
ϴأ
ӡâ֮УСϲ޷
Īżӡ޷סңܵͷɻ֮סСӡһ롣
ˣ
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ͨڴȭͷˣɽնһ̣ǲ㱻ը֮ըһţһܺӴסպ󶨻鷳
ʵãٽСȳ֪Ժ󲻻·棬ҿϵһҵطָʵ۷ʵ֮󣬲ŻͼʱҵʵΪ̸䣬Сӡʧ
ܽСȻأһ¡
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Сָֻܿջʱʱţ桢ɿ֣ҪָҪܳʱ䡣
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֪һʶǰϷʮӡٴԣҫֿۣԴ߷ʱ
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Դóɣ߶öɲΪѪ״̬Ѫ
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ʱһʬƯѪ֮С
ɽ»ʬ壡
ɻѾһϣŶԸ̻̳Ĳ٣ζԸǣɻƵһգԸ̻̳У»һҪʬ壬ƣͨɻҪֱӿ»ʬ壬ƿܣֱɱ̻ᣡ
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ǧԪطϿܿһԪԼע»һ֮С
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ѪѪ£طԴ


2199 
ʱţСҲȫָðʮʱ䣬Żָʵ꣬ʵǴ֮Уһͨɻʵ
С˲ιɻѪԣǴ̻ᱦȡҲʮһЦãǴȥҲԿղɡ
ֻͨκҲһļ۸񣬿ԻȡһƷʷǳĻʽ׷
ܼңһһܼң
ңܵ
߶ʶ»ԪһռƯͨԪһ棬Ҳһĵ°Ԫʶͷȫһ֩»ơ
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»Ľ̫˼飬ҽʮҪ澫޷󣬶»оŵۣǾɻʣһܳԽɻʣɾʹ֮еĵ磡»ʶ»š
Ϊϧ»Դ˱ħУǣԵõٵı
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֮ǼʵΪɱ˾ˣ˷빦ԴҲܲɷֵһ֡
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ϢԼò󷽷ǣʯǡ
ٴͷŸӦ̻̳û뵽̳Ѿ֮ǰƬΪĳתƵʮⱱǡ
ڻȻа˹ɻϢȷûǿߣԼϢϢΪȷӦɻʡ
̻շ̳ʮﱻӡڲؽ󣬹ưؽ
ʱǰϤ̻̳Ȼ٣̻ΧѲߣƽʱ쳣
Ӧ͸ȥӦʮɻϢɻʵǶˣҲϢǳһɻ죬һϢ컹һЩ
ϸӦȥ̻һ󷨷ӡķڣһоһȻǵ̥Ԫʯ
治츳Ӧ£ɿͻȻ˵ϴ󣬴ΪӦɻʣǸ߽λɻʣҲκδ֮еʽϢƺһƣ


2200 
ҲôϢЩϤԭǺһ峤ðһƵ·ߣҾɱһˣ滺ӦҲ⿴ڲĿ
һ֣Ҫȡڰʱ·̳Ҫ죬̻ǿһᾡɱ
һһ֣ͨ˵ͨŵħڰյŻǿɱԸ̻̳ң
ͨȴҡͷˣϴοǱƵǲɥڴˣΪӦֱɱϳʹеħڣɻ޷ңûɱȥʹû֪ǵ
㣬֮ɻʿץжٶͲͨеħ֣Ŷѡ
ಣգͨͶݿȥ
滺գʱѾڴ߶ɻ״̬ɻʣɻʣǰǰ󼸴ѪսɻʿֻʣӣһΣʣһɾͲˡ
ܿգ˲ץһֱһƳ䲻⹥䲻ɻԦɱȥ
СΪʮɾ޴󣬷·߿ͻȻһˣ̻ԼΧֵһЩ˷־ʱһŵþżУѾһ̻̳Ϸ
¡
̻̳͵һ𣬴ΧûΪ棬ִ׵ĵѡ
̳¡𵴣ſЩʿǷ̳Ҳѡ
֡棡
һɻʷŭӷ̳֮
ಣ
پڶĳʱ򣬴ӷ̳ɳһɻʣһ쵽첻ȣ̻ǿҲɱ
ħȦ
ಭ׽
ɽ
Щɱɻʡ̻ǿߣҪԸˣɲһˡ
ʱ䡢ţɿΧɱԶŵ۽׷ɱһ䲻⡣
̻üɻǱɱУһɣɱɣ󷨱˲飬Ǹ߽λɣҲ޷мķ֮
ֻа졢ˣһں
󡢽󣡡
һ档
̻ⷽѾһɻ䣬ʮɲһƬ
ǼɻʷɳͷΪˣ֮ǰɻˣ߻һɻߡ
ǿһ֣׳Ҳٽ
ݣ
ۣ
һ۵˿̴һϮɱɻʼûзӦͷ­ͱ۵¡
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Ǵصڰ𣿡
ܶɳǿ߶ǸһͷʶԦ񹥻̻̳ŵòҿһ
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ʵ֪ԴӶƿ߿ճ̻̳ǿ̻ᡢ᰾ʿֶǿ߽棬Ѿͥﵽ˲֪˲ĵز
Щǿ߶֪ŲɱԼɻΪҲҵնɱɻʵɷǡ
̻ᣬϴò㣬ͲһˣǼɻʣҲǲģ
߿֮ϡ
濴ߣټǿ߲󣬱ǵճХǳضİԵԪ
ǲҪƺ«Ҹ㣡
ʶǿߵ棬澹Ȼƺ«Ȼﵽɻʸ߶ȵƷ籩
籩˹̻ǿߣֻҪɣͨλɣ˲ʣɻǿҲˡ
ֻһƷ籩̻ɱƺ«նɱ桢ɿţСΧʬ塢Ѫ
գۼ䣬̻ʣ¹ɻڷ̳Ϸ
ӡ찡
һʮǰ̻ɱ
ΪδӲǴ֮еĴɡɣնɱɻʣѵǺڰħͷ
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һֻ̣ҪɣλλƸɱ̻ǿߵÿһ̡
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ɱ
ʱ̻ߴɻΪ߶ɱһֲâȻܻڶɱƷ籩
ɻȻС
ɱƷ籩һΣǱߴɻ飬֮ԿԿɻ߶Ʒ籩
СɱУҲߴɻͨ赲档
ɱ棡ʱִ̻ڲɳǿߣֻʮˣҲ̻̳һʿ
һĻĻƷ籩̻ⷽ档
ɻɳϿգ棬㻹еɱãһҪնɱ
һʲôˣµʵָһ㣬ŹȥʮϢһʱ䡣
һΪⳤХүүҲҺ棬̻ôϣɽ˼ӭӣˣٽ


2201 Ԯ
ˣٺ٣ʲôҵúһ£ΪܿһǸϲģҪʧȥһඣ淴Ц
󰡣ȻºһϹŶԺһͥĹϵǿߣ
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죡
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ΪӦǺڰǿߣ򲻿ɾ磬ɻɱ
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ǿ߶ǿӡϷ󷨣֩ģ»ӡץ顣
ߴɻʩչƴһǿӡ¡һߴɻʵɡɨ
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֮ʵǿһˣ»ĹƣȻҲ˵ء
⿴һĻҲžƸɳ۶ȥо֣ԭǾ죬ɻʵĲ࣬»һ㹻նɱɻʣɻʰɣôһ᰾ʿǵǿߣȻ
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2202 նɱն˺ͷ
뺦ϴ󣿡ӺϮץشѪĳಭ׽ɱһɻʡ

Ҳڵֻʣɻǰһ̺Ժһצӣǿ£һԷԴץ顣
Ƕռ˱ˣֵõʬ壬ˣ
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һɻʾͷǰɿţȻǰϵʳηָ
ͻȻ̤С򣺡˺Ҫ̻ԼˣԶһĻ
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·ָӣһ棬㲻ɱңҼ治Ź㣬ʲô¿Ժú̸
֪Ҳɱ
˭֪أǺһϹŶǺһӣҲ̻߲㣬ɱ̻ʱʱ̿׷ɱ棡
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˭Ҳû뵽ʱⳡսݲݸһ䣬ܶǿ׳ŵӷϰա
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ʱʿʶӦ£
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˵һ⡣
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һ޵ԪһһƳա
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һЩǿ߲̾Ժ֮֮ǰһĻĻطš
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ʮˣΪǺһǿߡ

̻ǿɱأ治ϴǰߣ
ٿֵǿߣһϷǿ֣߳׷뿪߿գǳء
ȻҶԱ֣ҳǳǵǿߣĻʹѴ󲿷ֻΪ棬ŭɶ޷ݵٶȣͻȻԽǡ
һͷһҲԳٶȣżһʧȥǷ
һ׷ȥʱ򣬲ӷգץһѪӺͷ­
ʣһЩɻǿߣٶȱȲͷֻں׷ȥ
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ͨɿϣһ̣ɿ۷ʵɻٶ˷ı
׷ˣϴ󣡡
ӰһüɻʣǴʮٶԽԽ죬һʱ׷ǣǻһǿ׷ưʱ׷ϡ
ɿͷ¶ǱĿ⣺ٺ٣ֻҪʱҾԽͥԵٽɽֻҪ뿪ٽɽʱգҵٶƿ붥ɻһƴ
ӦкһϾմȾѪʱһ뾫ѪƵϢڷȻɿʵٶһǲ١
Ҳ׼ֶΣԷ׷Ҳ
õˣȾɻʣ鿴ǳʧû뵽ɻѾýɸɾֻ»ͷãһ׷ֻж»ɱӦÿǿмһӣ
ץһ
Ǿ֮һ̺֮ɿһ


2203 һ
»ټԸǿ䲻вٿǿֵͨлеħ漱æͨҲ׼
ͨ¶ЦݣοǷˣɱʳǵû뵽Ҳб⣬Ҳõħնɱüɻʣˣ
б˲ռͲͨŷ
Ŷ̶һṦѾԽɳǣı
ɿٶ̫죬Ӧһں󷽶ʮ׷һжʮɻʣи߽λɻҲкüˡ
Ӧıʵټ˽⻹٣ȥѩħ֡ɽɻʥšɽδȥɿֱԽΧؽ磬ִܿӺɽС߽Խ
һЩǡɽǿ߽ԷڲϢڸ߿վ͸񷡣
Ӱӹļŵĸ߿ա
ǻһû뵽Сٶ˲ˣϣҹӦ⣡
һӦɿٶȣֻɿʵҲͽӽɻʣٶӦôﵽɻʸ߶ȣ汻ǾΣˣҶ֪ɿ磬ҸӦﻷ
ڻıסҲòʩչЩԥ
գۼ䣬־ŷջ棬ԽռŲƵͣӸϰһӰӡ
Ӱʧ񷣬ûһۼͷڸ߿Ծٶ׷ȥ
ʮ⣡
뵽ֻͷʮ룬Ѿûһգӳı뿪ͥ
ǷݲԽǿûͻȻ䣬ڼϴ󣬲֪ΪΣҸоһȻѾ׷Ǻ󷽣ϢӸ߿մ͸
ܣ
ҲڸӦ֮ǰһӦϢʮ󷽣գۼ䣬ɿɻٶȣҲһ׷ϡ
ӦںϣȻӦɻϢȻǳǿҲǴӺ񷴫Ǵǰߵİա
ľӰԽǣΪǿߵϢϢͻȻǰסǣ
һ˷֣ƺԪϢǱûѪֻ
Ԫ׷ˮ𣬶ԪµΪ˻ͻȻ׷ԭǰԪ
ܽԪ԰޵ԪԽգȷǸУԪʣܵȻƣԪɱһġ
ǡǾһŽָͨǰ߿ա
ɲǿЩĸ߿գ״ƺȻһţǾֵԪ
ͻȻҧԪסһʵ̫£ԪҲи߽ɻ֮
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Ǿ߸ķ֮ͫбװһնȥŹռ䡣
ܿռ侹ȻΪɲͬ״̬ԪԵй֪߲׹Ѹײڶ֮նȥ
ֻһƺ֮бӳͥľͷ
˵׹ţȴһѹƣû뵽ԾߵķͻȻͼɱĿֲը
ǡ
ߵ
ӵɻʵķը֮ǴͼͷųİԵ飬ͼҲ𵴡
οǰһæֳͨƿ죬ɿûԽǱš
ۣ
Ҳʮ󷽣
һֽӡ״̬ͻȻһͬʱһѪ
Ϊξ߻ӻһɣߣûŵĿ⣬ʧȥǿǷȡ
Ұ֮һԪѿɽס棬û뵽ͷѼӣƻ
һæѹѪӿٶҲ
ٴ׷ȥѾüϢͷҲӦٴӳʮ⣬֮ǰ׷ľ룬ͱװƻ
ɽ
ڴ֮ľߣӿڰϢֳ־Ÿǡ
ͻȻϢ΢΢ԾԾ߿գСӣŶãҵķˣ
ȻӦǵϢ
룬߱ЩߣָֽѰ治³ç֮ˣ֮԰˱ħܴӺڰɱ߶ڰ֮棬һжһģȻɣȻɻɣ֮ˣʱ÷ӦǱѡ񣬾ɻҲ޷˾εǿߣ
ɫ粻ǼϿ
ı
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һֳڣͻȻɳһӰֳҲǵߡ
һҲͻأһ𳤷ӣ˱һڶϽһң·ʬ⣬׿ݣϽǵߡ
Ͻߡ
߸Ӧ񷣬ʱһӰǰ֣ǺɽĴ˾


2204 ɽ
Ӧһʶ˾ĵӹɣǾߵϢջûأӴ֮оħӳ
»ţ걻ˣָܻܰʵҺ֣˲Ӧòڰˣ׷ɱΪͻȻȻϽɻʵ
ߵǾϢƺлϢһϢ̫ϤǾǿߣĿŵɱһıѵӲܣ
ղյһЩƺд·ѵɱȻҪȥ߱ʵԽ֮κһˣû֣ûɱ˻ָ۷壬鷳ϣ˾ͷʶ߷ɳǡ
ɽѾǺɽƿ
ʱ֮У۽սԱյù⻪ҫ
һʱȥδˣԪþ߷ɱǱûжӰ졣
䡢ʮ治ɿٶȣճԽӳͥƵǷɳǾ׷
ɳǲë֮أޱȻȻ֮أ߽ͥ磬ﻷ⣬ǻȡӳ򣬶δȫ֣û뵽챻һСӣƵ˵زһ¾ģٶһ
ıǿڸ
⿴ҲûдǴ˾ߡϽߵϢ
ǡһϢһٴνٶǸӦңҲһܸӦϢǿݣ֪Ҫȡƺ«Ҳ˻ᣬɱɹ߿ǽɹߣõƺ«
⡭Ҳо
ʮ⣡
Ӱ˳Դ˾ΪףֳϽߡ
˾쳣ɻ̻̾ĺһһΪεˣ֪Һɽ𣿡
׷ɱϢһһħһɡϽȴ˫аûһ˿˫ͫǰ
֪˭ˣ
ͻȻ¶ϲ˫֣ӵƺ«Ǹɹ棬ֲúһԭҪȡƺ«նɱ棡
ϽһЩݣϴȥأ˵ʲôƺ«÷з棿ǰû¼Źȥ̻ˣ
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˾뵽֮ãȻߣƺ«ǻıǵıֲһ̻ᣬҲܰ챦øǣ
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˹Ȼ׷ȥ֪ƺ«ߣǻûʸ񣡡
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˫͸ʮ
ɿ󲻷ٶȣѾ׷ϡ
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ֳ˾ɹɱɹӣΪƺ«תɱȥ
ɿٶԽԽ죬ˣҵٶȣ·ɲ򣬾ͱ׷ϣڻͷ
⡭
˻ΪͻȻ֣ǰǻıյɽǿǵͥյ֮һʱǰΣգɿɽյ֮в
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ѵҪɽ
Ѿ׷룬һᣬ׷棡
˾Ͻ߿ǰǶԻı˽⣬һ˲⡣
Ͻɱ裺ɲɽǴյأҵȶδ˽ÿһյ
˾˼Ƭ̣¶֮ɫ²ɵԸԸ⣬Ǹ˳룬ǾɱɽɻٶȣҲûжã˻ɽȻɽǶèèдɽǷ׷ҲҪһ֣ʵɲ⣬̤ɽ͵Уǵ̣ǿɳǿѰҴˣ
ϲƺ«𲻷ܣſնɱɻʣΪƺ«ܣҪϧۣɽ澾ߺ춯ɽΧ
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һɽһ¹һͬҲڵĲŮɻˡ
һðĿʱֻ꣬εѾǰǿ򱶣ӵնɱɻʵ


2205 ͷɱ
ɽȻǵǰ㣬࣬ħͷţϢȱ
ǽ֮вȻѾɽͲżʱһɿ·һԨʱһ޵ĹâûֻʣһƮ䡣
ʮϢ֮
һ÷ΧϢȻͷŸӦһŭɶϢȻʧһ⸽ĳһ
ϣҷֿж󷽻ǿߣѰ棬ǳƻӦɽ׷ɱɽʺϲˣһʱҲܽҳ
˷ֿϿȣһ˷ֺ
ܿһ֮УֳϽߡ˾Ҳ׷ˣҲ޷ϢҺܿдǿΧۼǧˡ
ϾɽǺɽ䡢ǵĵؽ磬ﶼǵǿأҪۼֲ⡣
Ͽ
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ͨ¿һĻҲŵòǿ߷¡
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𽥳Ͽʯ֮У͸¿ԿµķϡЫϿУѰЩǿԶɱɵĶɻûв
һȥڼ俴̻ᡢǵǿʱʱ֣Ǵɽ䡢ǵǿѰϿȣκνԲŹ
״̬𽥻£ȥ˲뿪°벽澪ϲЦЦʱ䷨ٴδ߶ǿֻ꣬ǹȥʮˡ
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ƺǡڡɻʥšħŶͷҲŵɽ
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ƶ׵̻ɽ䡢ƺǵȴЩǿߣûκһ뿪Ȼ滹ĳֶֻ죬޷˲ƺ«ûҵƺ«Ǽռ䷨ǶɻҲҵ
ֻһͣȻڷ֮У󣬴Ҳȫ֮ĸӦֻзȻȫģǲ̫ģ伴ɣ¶иЦݣƳɽôҾ͵Ϣ
ɽԨ
һƬ¶ڣȻۼһڰʿһ𲻷ڰǿߴŸǿ߶
ͷߺȻǺɽߣȻɽɽڰͳҲв١
ǲɱˣǴֱ´ץʿ棬һҪ뾡취ҳˣҪҪʬɽһȳ⣬ڰǿΧ涴ɢȥ
ˣ
ͥ˷ˣƺ«ڻıһѷѰ档
Ǻڰħ绹̻ᣬֻǴԼˣ޷ֿƺ«ջ
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桢ɿţϺĴԽ桢ͨʮСʵͻͽ²֪˲ιɻѪ
ֲ֮꣬޷ָɣɸֲԴͼںϡ
СͷŻͼû뵽˲ܽУСȻʵȲ桢ţһûͼʵֱԽɣܴﵽɻһ졢߶ȡ
洦öɲ״̬ܴ֮УǿѰȥҰɣպ֮ͨӡǡ߲֡Ԫ
ͨʵҲھ֮Уնɱɻʣõʬ壬лٱνա
ӽ֮꣬е棬öɲ𣬻Ϊ£ͨں֮⣬ܸӦΧʮˡ
ãͨҲֹͣһԴ棺ˣмţ˲ιҲжʮǻģ
պ÷Լûʲô
ͨ棬һ̻̳ͷųͨɷ̳ڲӡ


2206 楻
ͨڲһȿپʬ壬ǲ̻ʿЩǱ棬һ¥¥Բ٣㡢ıùɡɻ
һ㣬һٶö˲ι඼Ԫʮֻ֮һڸɵؼԴ಻ʤ
֮ǰķ̳⣬ԴһԽһһ֮Ķʵ
Ƹһʸɵйıء
ͨˣԼٴ䣬˷ˣЩ߼Դ㹻ǧҪﻹвٱɻʬҲв٣ɲ˶ɻʾѪĴˣٶҲ㹻ˣ
нʮʱ䣬ʵԲ۷壬һƿ״̬ʱ䣬ͺúԴ俴ûԪԴ·֮ãʵϹݸܼС
ϧãûκԪԴ뵽֮ǰ˵Ļﶼ̻̳˵Ԫ෨ƷʽϺõĵ۽׷ҲԲ̻̳
֮ھҪ٣ôֹͣУ£ûΪڵϿȰգ֮ա
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һȥһ켸˱̡
Դڲⲿüٰǿڸ߿ճ֣һϤףߡ
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ӦΧϴΧʮﻹһЩɽǿߣ˲࣬вǣ
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Ӧһ˵Ѿ뿪ɽ뿪̹ͥȻ֪Ҫȥ컯ɽμ·档
ոɿȥû뵽ʹƳɽԪϣһ·ģȥɽ磬ȥͶЩȡ
ÿһɽ缸зȣзߣ·߶һˣûȥͶκˡ
ɿٶ̫ˣ󣬾ԶɽԽһЩɳĮҲˣʱ̸Ӧ󷽶Ҳûκ׷
桭

ʮ󷽣
һŮӾɽǷ֮ж󷽸һӡ
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Զɱڣʦ㣬Ϊβ׷ȥɱ棿ûᣬҪ뿪ͥһ֮У޷ҵټ
ûжѵ֪ڿֶΣնɱɻʣΪҲ죬δûһɰܶԸ棬̻ЩԵĿͷû
ܾװ׿ߣ
ϴ뷽¶誺̻ᡢ棬ôǿƤߣҲ֣ǵΪʲôӵɻط
ʦ
Ƿͷжȥϻ߲ͥ棬ڰи棬һн߲㶨ᣬ߲Ҫ׷ɱ棬Ҿͼ׷ɱһᾡϻ塣
ˣ
ǵһ£ǧ𣬾˻̻֮£֮ܣƻָһΪΪҲ㣬ڵõ˻̻ഫУδӦûƿȨӦװɣ
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۹һ
楣Ѱɻٶʧ׷ȥ

ȣ
ɽƳɽʱټʮߣҲ޼賤ӡ
ƳɽÿΪƶ׷޼賤ΪͻͽƺЩѰ
ƳɽصʱӰ֮
ΪǵߣΨһˡ
Ƴɽ򼸴ߡ˻ı֮ţҲ΢΢ݡ
»߽пڱӻ棿ɻüͷ


2207 ңȥ
Ƴɽȡ̻̳»ʱְæı˸Ӧ߳ӹһ׷ɱ»ǻıǿߣƺı̫ƽǿ֮ϵΪ΢һ֪ǰñϺɽ̲
Ȼ̫С棬ⲻ֪ѾͥվȽŸ⼸¼δɾͲҲҷδػػԻ͵Ҫҵһˣϣ׼һ⣡
ǣ
˵꣬Ƴɽʱʧȥ

ͥٽɽ
ɿ桢ͨԽٽɽٴοޱȿµĻļ硣
ɿ߽ͥ磬ˣҪȥ컯ɽ磬Ҫʮɽ磬Դʹһɽʥɽ磬ֱӺ⣬Ҳ·ʥɽ磬ٶʮУܵʥɽ磡
֪ⷽ⣬ΧǶͥͥͥСɽ磬һɽԶҲʥɽ磬ȥͨʹ󣬺ܿȥһɽ硣
ʹͥҲУɵһƿء
ƺ«˷ᣬóʯֱôʹȥʥɽ硣
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ɿɻٶȷ֮շУǧ¶׷ɱȽǻᣬӦ⣬ɿʵһɻʣⱣɻٶȡ
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ֻʣɿһˣΪһߴСͱȳȭͷԴһЩСɻٶȺʱգˮ
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ͥ׷ɱǿӶƺ«Щ£뿪ͥһжʱһ䡣
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ǰﻰֲ֪֮ˣӦ֮ʵһֱû£ϧûʵκͷҲǶġ
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ͨҲѪơħ棬һһɻʬ壬ɻʬ嵱ħ̥ѪơħɣһЩɻʾͨܽħ桢Ѫںϡ
Ϊ޷ʩչ컯ֱɻ޷ɻ֮ǰʥ磬ֱɴɻ޷Խľ硣
Ҳ֮ȥɻ
桢Сţȴֱɻ֮ҲͨȥɻѪﱾǽɻʵ̫䣬ָв츳ֱɻһЩС
ͬͨѷ֮ʱ䷨ʧȥԭ֮á
粻֪ȥʮ꣬ɿʱʥɽ绹ǳңԶ֮һ·̣ɿ״̬ҲǳãɻѪͬʱͨҲͽһɻʾѪʱɡ
һȥʮָֻɫ󣬺ʱѹȥʮ꣬ӭڶ֮а

ããʱ֮Уǳ֮񿪱ٻ磬šߵʱղǹ⣬ǿպ󣬸ַҲˡ
һɫ򣬷·һŴʯǶΪƬʱ쳣ĸɾ͸ͥǷʱգȻͬҲǴɽСͥĲ
ǹ֮һɫӰʱնܿȭͷСɿԽʵɻٶȲϿǰҲȭͷС𽥻Ϊ߶޴
ǰԽ޴ʱɿ桢ͨһԶǿǾʥɽ硣
˵һϣһ޴ɽ硣


2208 ʥɽ
֮ͨ𾪵Ǵɽ磬ʥɽΧʱգʷ·ʧһ㣬ǹ⣬ͥ⣬̫࣬ȥ棡
Ҳ̾Ϊֹһμʶɽĺ嫣ʥɽΧɿ󣬾֮Ҳͥǿ
ɿԪɾǰʥɽ磬Զʹʹǽȥ֮󣬾ҵʥɽ糬һǰʯԤԼͨǰʮңܽ봫ͨﵽһɽ磡
ҪԤԼ桢ͨԾĺܡ
·ɽ¼ͥɽ綼ǿߡμӣӰ˷ʱɽۼ̫࣬ҪԤԼдʹʱʱ̿̾ȴ͵һɽʹͬͬʱͣ
ԭˣ
Ҳãǿʱɣҵطͻƾ磬֮ǰǰ꣬͸ͻƣ
ܽʥɽ硭
ʥɽǰʵǳңԶ
桢ͨûһ˼֮УɿϣԶԶʥɽһ㿿Ҳ֮С
겻ٿʥɽ磬·ΨһĴڣ̫޴ޱߣǹ⣬ӭһЩļ
һЩʯһʱ䣬ڿļϤޱȵٽɽ
·һĲʥɽ磬ͥ
ɿ˵Ĳٽɽÿһɽ綼У̤ٽɽ͵ʥɽ磬ɿþٶȽ
ü󣬻ļɭ֡ҲԽ棬һЩǳأҲһЩȡĵС䡢۹
һЩܼʵǳظܸ࣬ӦʥɡϢɻԱȽͥҲ
һϴǳأڳǳڹʥɽ꣬Ҳһʹںη
ȻҪͻƣ
òҥȥͼڳǳذ⣬һɽڵ󣬴Ƕˣ®ǧ
ӦΧΪ»Ǳڰ־ͷλɻˣҲв
ͣ
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ҲΪͨڼܿӦʥɽͥһЧΪԣֲǴɽ磬ֻͥͥͥСɽ硣
Լͨ˳̤ɣޱȣΪһ磬Գɻʡ
濪ʼ׼ͻơʱ򣬲ҥˣǹͼ
ӵͼϹʥɽϢԱȣǳǰһΪԪšһдʹ
˿ãǹ
ﴫһɽ磬۸һڼƷʯ
ƷʯһڣǶôզһֲ֣úܶһӶ޷ܴͨ۸ֻи߽ɻʲóǲӵ˲Ǵб
˽ƺ«ֻһ˽봫ͨ۸ҲܽܣȻǶȡ̻Ἰ̳⣬ȥ컯ɽ磬ԼǵܴͼξͲˣȻһ·ҪʮΡ
Ϊκܶǿߣǰꡢǧ컯ɽȥܶò̫ʯֻܺʱղܴﵽ컯ɽ硣
ͣ
û뵽һɽȻ®ǧһһͻƶɻʡ
®ǧӱѹ쿪ʼƲָõٸ߼ɻʾѪʥɽ磬ϵõܶԴУӭһͻơ
ԴѰȲƽӹҲ̫ɫһͻƶɻʣʱʵ֡
ҪȥԪԤԼԾʹĳ
Լ꣬ԪţȾͱ𺳡
Ԫһȥ󣬵ԪţǲһЩԪƯƺ֮ϣÿһƲ·һ󷨡
Ҫô󣬾Ѿס
ǰѾһЩڵȴ
ϸϸӦˣΧȴţҴ󲿷ֶɻʡ
ҲıȽɣſɽţһ˽٣ΪɻҲкüˡ
ѯڳˣܶȥ˼ڼƷʯõԪһƣƾƾܽ봫ʹ
Ҳʯܶע⣬һɣȻóôʯ˵б
â˽һδʹʮ꣬ʱ仹ȷǻ߶ȷʱ䣬ȴ
ֻڵԪŸһطͨǸϡ
ʮʱ䲻̣㹻ͻһ磬ٻسǳأҪʱ⡣
֮ͨɳѰһֺ


2209 
꣡
ڷ̳֮ϵ棬˲ӭͻƣ·֧飬Ѫ̡
飬ƤѪִӾһǽ𵤡ͨԪ
ʹ֮дЦݣȻ뵽ʲô
ץ̻һ⣺ʱڹ̥ԪʯǱʺҵʹã
ȥѰһᣬҵʯ̥Ԫʯӡںڱ֮еܷ䡣
һõ̥Ԫʯǳ
ȵ̥Ԫʯֻǿ߲ᣬǴҲԱ֤Խ̥ԪʯɻҲˣ̥ԪʯȻӵһЩԣֲúҪĥǡ
öںϣ
ӭ֮˲ιɻѪ֮󣬽Ŀ̥Ԫʯ֮У֮ɡ
𵤡ͨԪ϶ڴ״̬Σںϵ̥Ԫʯȵ̫࣬˺ñ
̥Ԫʯ󣬼򵽵ģǼ̻̳⣬ֻҳʮ飬ֵ̥ͨԪʯ
ܶ˵õ̥ԪʯУ̻ᣬӦʵڱƵûа취˭ֺñȥףһδðգ֪ʵ̥Ԫʯ࣬ҲһЩ˶Ϻжۡ
ͻƳɹ
ɣоͻ֮Ϊ׳ҲһСȦĵ¸ʵزѪѪѪѪҲΪҡ
̤죬ҵʵӦýӽ۷壬һ컹һЩһɻʣҸʵҲܿ⣡Լʵ΢΢¶Цݣӵпɻʵʵ
ͨ®ǧǸϣͻƶɻʵ®ǧѱһˣʡ޴仯
¶課棬ξܴɻͻ죬ϧΪѡҲΪУñͨ³
Ȼˣ˾ڴ֮ҶͻƣȴԪ֪ͨʱ䣬պܽʵ
֪ȥʮ꣬һ֮֡
Ҫʹˡ
֮УպʮѭֿԴ߶ʱ󣬴ҽڲꡣ
һ˷Ԫţδòͥǿߣ֪ƺ«Σ
Ǳֵ͵ԪŴ⣬½ȴеԪŵӿһͨ˽ͨ
һ˲ת䣬ǰһ޴ɽһʯʯɵķ̳ϴ󣬴ڹ㳡롣
˵ص㣬ҲǽأĪҪ̤һԪŸɭһȣڳû˸ҿ
ŵԪŸִ죬½㳡̳֮ϣ̳ϷٿռӡȻڰ֮΢΢һЩƣƺһ㣬ܶŪʹİء
ϧ硢Ϊֻĵǿߣܲóʹ󣬹ֲΪֻͥһʹҲǴ֮еĵҲÿ˶ܵ˴
½½и˾ۼһٶˣ֮ˣֻʮˣ˽ɻʣԪ׼󣬶Ҳ֪ͨˣδĿĵǡɽ硯
ִɽ磬׾ɣԪǲٸǣҪˣʱҲֻȥɽڡ
ڣ
ʶɨĹżڹڵԪż֮Уܿҵڡ
ԭʥɽ紫ɽ磬Ҫ֮д꣬Ҳ˫ɽǺϵԪŴʹֱӴɽڡ
ˣ
̣
ͻأʼÿ˶Щܣоɴ֮Ὣⷽɽƽ
˶˰һΣҪҪʯʯ֧Ŵ󣬹ֲü۸˸߰ԭʹҪӦ淢֣Χɽӿ󡢷̳֮С
޷ô磬ʿֻ֮еһöҶ޾
ݣ
ӽžи
˲Ϣÿ˸оԼһ״̬ǰͻȻǵԪŽأ޾⡣
ǹѾûǰܿһʱգ˶𺳿ΧȻǵһδ֮ͣһǿߣǺܳȣǱ۾
û뵽Ƭ̾뿪ʥɽ磬ʥɽǹ֮зˡʧ
ʮϢѾǰӴʥɽ磬ЩԪһֱ״̬
ٿһۣѾʯϤʱգǷ棬ܶ𽥰Ҳȥע磬ÿСǧǧʱùĵ¸ΪҲں۵Լ̥Ԫʯ
ڣͨҲڷ֮Уڲȱʱ䣬ʵ١
Լ꣡
ʹȻһЩ̶˵Ǽﵽɽ硣
ܴﵽɽ磿


2210 
ʹȻ찡ӹż˽⵽ǿʱշУɻʴʥɽɽҪ֮䣬ÿΪʵеӵвܴﵽеɻʼΪͨǧҲԴﵽ
ǰͻȻһƬϤǹʱգ·汻һ㣬ֿһɫٱƽ
Ϣŵö˱˫ۣΪһԼҪײӴɽ硣
˲ϢһԪ޷ܡ
һΡȻӭλɽڣϢ뿪󣡡
ɽ硢ڣ
͵ˣʹ벻˴۽硣
Լ󣬴ʧһӭˣ뿪ϴ
ͷŸӦΧ֮֮ǰŻҪǿң֮ǲ
;ѯʽͼ۸񣬶۸һĿĵ´ɽ磬Ϊʥɽɽ࣬۸Ҳһ
ֱӸʯȡ֮뿪ڣʱβʮ꣬պڡ
ڵҲ𺳣û뵽һƬļŵںɫ֮ϣ𽥷ԶҲͨ®ǧ͸͸
𽥶ɽһ˽⣬ʵɽ࣬ΨһҪһϾҪһҲзȣҲи̻ᣬҲкڰڡ
ķȱͥǿ࣬汾ȥȴΪԼ鷳
ֻصڸȴʮֿ꣬Դ߶˾ͽ֮С
Դ̷ܳһ磬öɲͬʱҲڼ»ǿ߿ܣ»ȻٶͨԸ»ָһЩ
°ڣһʱ䶼ںϷ»棬Ҳʮ꣬Ϊ۷壬ҪͻƻҪһ
ʱһ˻صȻֹ˶ʹҪˡ
Ѿвһǿ߿ͨ˰ͼڲ󷨣ܿϤĴʹ
̽ƣڸˣһ´ɽ确ڡ
û뵽ܶڣһЩ죬ŵ֪ԭһţͥǧƾʷǧŴͬ
ǧѾû䣬û䣬ֻмӣͬµӰ´ɽľްɽ磬˵´ɽһһ
ܵõŴУһɽ磬治ڣڴȥ
ûжپϲ棬иһֻʮ֮ǰɽģİˡ
Լֺ˿һֳɫǹԽԽԽʵ
ֱЩײϣͻȻΪĺ
ӭλڣʱգ룬ɢȥ˿ΧһɽȣɼʿԦ󷨡
ڣ
ϰ֮Żɼ뿪ɽȣҲѯǲҪŴͣһֵͷʼ۸μ۸ҪһǧʯΪһΪɽ磬λýԶһЩҲû̸۸񣬾ͽʯõơ
ͷŸӦڲԶڻҪһɻϢ΢΢ͷš
뿪ǹޱߵ´ɽ磬һңԶʱգѡ񸽽һǳϢռһЩؼһЩڰ˷ɽ¶̬Ϣ
Ȼֺܶƶͥкܶļ¼оͥɽ磬Ƿǳһɽ磬ʥɽ硢ɽ绹ҪΪ֪´ɽࡣ
Ϊλ
ҵ𰸣ԭͥӵߴ֮һء
ֲ˶֪ͥԭ˶֪ߴڷλȻҲͼסɽ磬滹ӹżϿܾ֮ͥǰкü֣ΪǷɽǿղͥ
ɽ磬̫࣬٣ͥһΪͬǣͥأҲͱμס
ֲ鿴˷ɽ綯û뵽ܿ쿴һϢͥƺ«
û뵽´ɽ磬ֲкܶǿͥѰټƶ֪ƺ«ȥͥ
ĥãַһϢ
ʮͼĻͼͥ˵ǱһŮӵõڻͼļأԳƺ«ͼ˵ע
غͥϢŻ֮гһسʯǶͺϤϧûʵȥȡ
ͥϢͲ̫ˣЩǼǧǰǰ£֪Щ顣
ɽϢ̫ˣһοʮɽ֣󲿷ֶǵһ
ЩϢǱȽе𺳣һͥΪɽ硯һӡǧǰɽǿӿ롣


2211 ǿͬ
ɽ羹ȻֹŶڵĹɽ磬ǵֹžֹŶ죬ƷǴɼ֮УҲйһЩֹŶĺۼ
ӡĳк¼ǱһΪٵۡʿõǧɽ磬ӿӡвٵĴŵ
ǧǰ֮ٵʧȥ䣬Ҳûд˭õӡٵˣѾΪɽĵ֮һܱɽϿɣǼ
¾ͥ롢ѩƹӵˣҲ޷ӵԶĴɫʡ
ֹֹŶʿٵۿйϵɵٴ뵽գֹҪɱԼĳǳ²ڣһҪֹŽ¡
סٵܵõӡƾ˹ʣδ֮Ҳ˵Ҳٵˡ
Ȼڳ²ڵϢˣһĿࡣ
Ϊ²ֻǿ󣬵û뵽ǵ˷ɽ֮Уʮɳ졢Ѹһķߣ˳֮Ϊɡ
ɣ
滹²ʥɽȵĹȻ֮еĵһǿߣҲδ֮еļ
벻˲ֲƿ߳ϧ̻ᣬҲҪң˵ͥҲнʣη˻ңĪҲйزɣ
Ȼ䣬ó²뿪֮ǰԼһĲ֡
ȻЩ˰ƿأ׳²ڵȷΪãͬλߣҲѣͥԼʶǿߣиһЩա
ͻȻЩڣбǲһ֪²˲Ը̻ᣬҾ͸ָأ
ֿϢǰγͼͼ޼ͼɽ˷ᣬЩ΢΢עϢ
ˮ֮磿
⿴һϢǧǰ
ϢЩɽ磬δɽ磬˵ǧǰȥϮˮ֮ϷӡͷǹʱĴ˻֮һ졣
ϢĬãһˮ֮磬һֱţɽ
һ죬ʲô˲ǣƫƫ죿
Ʒ磬̺ܶδŷѩһɽ磬̻ŵ۷ӡ֮أ֪Ϲ˻ʣôǿ
칥ˮ֮磬ܲ𺳣
Ȼ̫еԭɣ˵ڶ̶ǧʵѾȣΪϹ˻ʡ
Ϣ֮м¼ʧܣһЩǿֻ߳ˣʧȥ䣬ϢҲдźڰǲǼٴ̤ɽ硣
ڰǳ̤ɽ磬ǳ϶ϴͨڰ֮Ŵ͵棬˱ħƿħʮĺڰʿ֪öãڰһɽ磬ϧǴλ̫أûкڰ֮ţ֪˱ħħҲ޼¡
ֿһϢ컯ɽ·йء
컯ɽһΪ۵ľǿߣҪ·֮컯ʿҪһŮӽΪ¡
ϢЩһʿʽΪλᱻ˴Ȼɢ¼
ԭ۵ı֪˶಻ǵǿʵ컯ŵľţǹϵĵӡ
ܶ˶ܺ棬Ҫμ·棬ҪŮӽΪ£ܶ˽ԺܺǸŮ˭
͵Ц˼ҵʽԼ޹أֻǻҲμ·棬о޴в
ȻóȻҴۣɶǰé֮ԣԽ֪ˡ
ˣ
ʱܿ͹ȥˣʮ꣬ڵ˶ʹ󼴽
ڣǿ߼ƣܽ
δʿҲһֻʮɽ磬ոͷ̳Ȼжʮ˱һ̳ȴ
˵ĿʱʱһˣһЩɻʾͷҲעˡ
Ҳ濴ȥԼһ࣬һҷʿһͷ·Ȼɢң΢΢ݲƵģӴ󲿷òסƺͷһ޷ģ
֮δͷһ˿Ϣע⵽˭ܽϢһˣ
ȻߣܽϢԦ˳̶ȣһҲ̶ֳȣɾûҪһ˷ҪԼΪֻͣʵ
ʿ֪˭ԺδŽԼòϢء
֮ʵ̫ǿ󣬲֪ԸأʿȻһ֮ˡ
ٿһߣӦһʿһɼΪͨҲκβװ֮
ʿ½ͷֻ̳Ҫǿߣڰעǿߡ
ʹʼδ͵棬Ŀ񣬺ܿѾ뿪ڣ´ɽҲԶȥ
δͲҪʱ⣬ǧſط»֮УƾԽ࣬ԽܼԦ»ƿǿߣܿ


2212 ɽ
֮еĴͨҲڸ淢СʵѾ׷ţ棬֮ǰʵǿɿ󣬿СٶȣȻҲ׷ɿ󣬹ƽǻͼĲ
ͼСϣҲֻǲſʼںϣҪܶ꣬ںϵһ̶ȣ˾汦ƱƸ٣Сںһ˿ϢҲǳǿ
ͨĻСͱĨɱӶõͼԶͥ
ﱣɻ״̬ںϸԲɽಭ׽ħȦǵȼԶŵ۽׷뷨ںҲҡ
ɿɻΪֲӵ츳ͥɽ磬ֱӽһɻʹɣյ컯ɽ磬ɻʬ塣
ɿʵʼĴ֮УΪǿĴڡ
·ϰ־״̬ûвûѹʱҲˮת֮ɽ硣
ɽֻһͨɽ磬ɽҲȲϣɽȴһɽ壬ɽ֮󣬾Ǹɽ磬ɽ硢ɽ硢ɽ硢Ҳ̫ңԶ
ֻҪɽﵽһʱգ͸Ϊ嫣ӵɽ硣
ɽ磬ʹ󱻡ڡƿء
ɽǿɣ˵ǽޣȴҲǣȻȴǿ̫֮ȻרְԵ֮
ʯδͼ۸֮һԭһɽ벻Զ
֮⣬Ȼɻʡڵȴͣɽ硢´ɽҪʮɽȻһʱյҪɽ硣
ˡ
俴֮Ǹɢʿ
֮ʣȻҲһ棬ֶȥһȴҪһɽ硣
뿪ȡһ̤۷壬ͨҲڳ졣
Źȥ꣬Ŷʮӣƾжû뵽ôܿʼ͡
ڣ֮УͷɢʿһҲڴ档
Χʿ඼İģ֮ǰһһ룬ĿĵǶɽ硣
ɽӹżϿţһеɽ磬ɽ࣬ӦֻҪʱ䴫ܴͣﵽɽš
Ƕɽһ봿һʵȲڣΪɽһԱҪǿ١
֮в˶ڴڼ䣬ҷӣ汣ֳ״̬
ʱ䣬գ۾١
붷ɽܿͣɢѾɽʥɽ
ҲֱӽһδͼǮõƺһηҷ뿪ȴƺԶɽǳ˽⡣
Ÿһǳأֱƿصĳǳأ湺鼮ꡣ
ռ֮󣬾о
ꡢͼչ濴һδɽΪɽ硣
ɽǵʱգĴɽ磬֮ǰɽ硢´ɽ硢ɽԼɽ磬ǵɽ֮У޴ɽ磬˲֪˲ͬʱҲϹһ´ɽһʷƳ
ǿ˽֪Ϊš
ǵһͥڡƺǡڡɻʥſȣЩǰǶǵɽһǿΪǿ컯ɽ컯һɽľްԡ
ɽ͵ڽʱգҲǴɽ硣
ﵽɽͻδͣԵ컯ɽ磬ҲͰʱ䣬Ҫȥ´ڵʥɽ磬Ҫɽ磬һɽٸı䴫ͷλӦûĴδ;ܴﵽʥɽ硣
ɽɽҲδͣŴδͣȥֹŶڵɽ磬ߴδ͡
𽥽һͼϵʱջȻʮɽ紣ʱա
ЩɽԱȶͥͥͥһжٴϹŴɽ磬Լ˳档
ߴصľ巾أ
һɽ⾪ȡ
ԭɽߴ֮һľ巾أھɽδ֮ľɽ硣
ɽǹϴɽ磬̫ˣɽڣ֪ʲôʱʼͳ־巾أɽΪߴ֮һ
ӹż֮пھ巾صĽܡ̫࣬һһ桢˿ƽܵĹϾء
ʱջǺãִɽ磬뼸Ҳ̫ңԶȻ䣬һЩĶⷽʱ֮ðա
ʱζ˶̤ţѾһǿ߱ŵӴ
֮Уȴûҷӡ
һҷˣȻܶĬĬעҲû˸ȥ˵һ仰
һɽɽ磬󲿷˶ڽ̸ʼͣܿ뿪ɽ硣
֮Уɽи˽⣬ɽţоŮӡҲе˶֪ľš


2213 
ӣ
õԶŵǴУǹʿͳ֮Ϊӡ
컯ŵһŻۣ˶֪ǵӣŵӡǵ뻪һͷľǿߡ
ɽ磬ʵĿ϶
뵽ͥ롢ƹӡѩХͫţʵǻкܳһξ룬뻪ۡЩţٰٱ
ЩţʵĲ࣬ݿɽʿ¿Ҳ׷ǣеĲʵǷԼʡ
ʴˣעһɽס
˼Ȼ𵴣ǰȻһɫ򣬷·һ
ð亹ڼϢ䣬Ȼֹһʱ޷վ
ȥһʿ֣Щŵӣ
ɽ絽ˣ
ǵɽ磬Ҳǵһ濴Щŵӣһ緢ۺ񣬶Ҳͥı
ı͵ڸһЩţռʱЩСɽʿơ
ŵӽɡɻΪΪ棬ɴԴ⹦
ţȻһӶΪɫֲǵŴڡ
ʱ鿴ͼɽ磬ֱȥ컯ɽ磬ȥ²ڵʥɽ硣
ӵͼһպôɽһͣҪɽ硢Ԫɽ硢ɽŵʥɽ硣
ҪĴδͣò̫ԶѾͥɽ磬沢ż
ѯʴɽ۸ֻҪǧƷʯ̫󣬾Ͻ
һοҷ⾲Ҫͣʼδ˵仰һ˴ͷλӦòһ
ҷһǿߣӦ
ԭɽúһߣʱ䲻ΪֻҪҪȥɽ磬ڸϢȻǽ֮ʮ꣬˵ͻһ硣
֮УչöɲɲԴɽسϴ裬ȥһϾ۷塣
ʮ꣬оﵽ۷ҪͻƵĸоȴʱ䲻Ҳͷͻơ
Լ꣬˶ţҷȻҷƺҲܲ棬һΪĿ⿴˿ǿŴ
ʹûȶ˾ˣʼͣһɲѾ뿪ɽ硣
淢ɽ紫ٶȡϢΪ䣬Īǿ󣬵ĴͽҲȻͬ
ڳϣڴʹʱա
󣬴ɽ磡
ɽһͨɽ磬ǿʵΪţźһδʯ뿪ȥ⡣
һҪͻƣ
³ڴ֮Ϊ
һδγգԵѪȼգ꣬ƤѾѪ״̬
߳
ڣ޷ذͷ屬ױȵƣһ˸һˣѪռ䡣
쵽죬漸һٶ꣬󲿷ֶ֮ͻƸͣѪ𵤡ѪѪԼͨԪ顣
һɽХ飬ӭܣҲ˲ιɻѪѪڵ̥Ԫʯںϣ֮£
ģһа
졣
ɣʵһҵʵʽɻʣɶһɻʣѿ벻֮أ̹Ȼĵ΢Цš
ɽ񷣬ͨɽ磬ҲͥһЩҲһȲɽ磬Ѿͥ
ɫȻأ·ϴϰ꣬þȥʥɽ磬һȥ컯ɽƻҪʮʱ䣬ԻʣʱУ޼ϻп·֮ǰ̤ɻʣ޷̤ɻʣ·֮УԻΣ
жûɣȥʥɽ취ֻܼһһ˼һ󣬼Ϊ
ȴδﵽ״̬Ѿ˶Ŵ֮ڣûȶþԪɽ紫͡
ʹڣܶ죬ȴ־ͻ죬̫ϡ
ڹԪɽɽһЩ´ɽ࣬еĹԪҲɽһȲţԪɽ绹һ
󣬴ͣУ߳һֱֳˣŴȥһδͼ۸һǳɽ磬Զ۸ҲˮǴߡ
Ԫڣڵ⿪ʼԪɽҲܳ棬ͬʱҲôͨС
һɽǳɽ磬ﵽɽʥɽֻһδͣʱɿһʥɽ磬ȥȥ´磡ãϰĴͣʵ˺ƣһ뵽Ҫʥɽ磬ǳɡ


2214 
Ȼָֻ֮꣬ʱ䷨
֮ʱͲõģԴһ״̬
ԼʮУƾ˶ôһص֮һ˻صԪڡ
ʹ󣬼֮һʿŷɽֱֳԪɽ罣߲٣ЩϢΪһ꽣ɣϢȻУֻ΢΢͸ɻϢ޷Ϊ
˿ڿֱüëŨƳһͨ˸оһصζ
һδǳɽ磬һͨɽ硣
ɽ֮ɽɽ֮һʥɽ硣
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£ɱɿ󣡡ʱɿϣٶ̫ˣÿ꽣ޣ·𲻵òһֻɿ֡
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Էһ棬ɿ󣬾¶ŵĿ⣬ֻɿ󣬴ʱҲ׷Ϯ
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ɿƺ˵ʲô滺ǰ
ֻɿԾԾԣŹࡣ
꽣޺ȻЦЦ󷽣ɿȥ
Χ·ɿδ˶֣Ϊɿ󣬵ȻҲųɿŹǡ
ǰֻɿ󣬸ͷϴ󣬽ɣǷ·Ϊ桢꽣޶ٶԽԽ죬գʱ֮ٶ硣
ˣҵģ
ɿͻȻ˵˼Ī֡
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ɿѱԷֻɿסЩ˼˫ǰһҺһ໥ؾ
Źȥһ㣬ԷֻɿŲĳȥᣬɿȥ
ˣԱɿɱֻмһߡ
꽣ģҪŪλΧããʱգҵλѡ
ʧǣ꽣ĿǰҲ޷ȷϷλ֪ǹԪ볤ɽ֮ʱա
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2215 
ҹﴦڹԪɽ볤ɽ֮䣬ֵĪҶˣ˵ѣصԸֹۣȻóƺ«Ҳһһ
֮֮ɡ
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ɿͻȻ˵籩飬ˣҵ籩
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ƾԼ飺ϵܣ籩֮γɣǳ£Ҫ̷Ϊֲ籩
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֪һòٷ籩ײȻںϳһ޴ķۡ
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ͻȻЩӦηؽ¶ǿ֮ΪĪⰡӦλɻʣ
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ȷãǴ籩Խ뿪γһ޴©϶¶ˣƸ߶ȲɣؼڱжΡ
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룬Ծŷ۶ʱȥΧЩ·羢Ҳᱻɱ
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ףף·ͦģÿһ·涼Щ仯Ҳǵõ۵룬μ˫ʽ
Żǵܵõ룬ȻҲǵ
ֵķɽ磿
Сͥ
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΢΢һصƹӹϵһ㣬رǿ̻ṫӣݣҲǲסˡ
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죡
İ̫İ
ϲʶ⼸ˣֻ˵룬һŲ֪
ʱҲķɿ죬˲ڷ籩룬ŷ籩֪ϯңԶ籩ٶȱɿҪһЩ
ȻͻȻʲô
һȻڷ籩һ޴ķ棬̫Ϥˣǿ档


2216 
ص棬Ȼŷ籩ȥһ籩仯Ǳҿ˲䱻ɱϲߣɿٶȸˣ
Уû룬ɿϡ
ȴȡ±ɽһɫɽ̤ſֲŷ羢·籩
꣬һʱ羢·Ҫûأ羢໥ɱΪǰԵӲٷ羢顣
ಣ
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ش߶ɽ籩ɿں󷽶ܷ籩ƬŽ籩֮С
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뿪籩ΧһЩҲΪ£ɿٴο籩ſ籩а޴𺳡
ش濪ʼȷ籩ȥȥһ󣬴籩ԶȥٳѰҳɽ磬ʵڲУֻ򳤴ɽǷҹԪƿص̻̳ǻ꣡
ԭһ·Ժܷɣа취ȷλ
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ͥǲģҲʯʶɣΨһͬǣƺǴۻƺڻʱ֮ƶ
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ӣδ֪ģȥ棬Լ޷ȷλ
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˽Ӵзģܶ˽ŵԣȻϻҲبŲĵ
ʲôˣԪɻʵӣܱ־μӵʽ˵Ĳʵص棬˵Ϣڸ棬վɽ۷һ˽ύҽύﶼվͬ߶ȵˡ
˽ҪķˣҲϣδɽ֮ãѣǾͶ·棬Ҫǿߡ
ŵڰ֮ţǱеĻܼ򵥣ҿԴ߶ڰ֮ţɽ绹˿ƿغڰܼԦĺڰ֮
Уزᣬ󲿷˽޷ĪֶΡ
氵һЦȴѰ̬ӦҲϹĥģڰ֮ڲ󲿷ֶǿռӡҺڰϢʴǡԿƣҲ㱻ħɣҴ߶ڰ֮Ҫʯ
ϵصһϿɣζŶ࿴
ʱѾ߿գȻϤĻƯЩʵһЩҳʯ
øӦͶȥҪȷûкڰǿߡ
ҲͷŸӦܸӦʮ棬ǼޣϢ̫ӣ֮ںϣȻŸӦ͸
Ӧһħкڰʿ
أԷ۽Ҳ¶΢΢Ծ֮ɫ·ҲħǱ
¶صͷ磬һħҲȷǰʮ
ѹסɻƣ˵ɲɣ˵кڰʿУһء棬ȻᱻڰƿأΪǰɽһ壬ǶԣҲҲһλᣡ
᣿߲ס
ɽй涨ȷһħһʵܵõɽ罱͵㣬ɽ¼֮УԽǳа
Ҳ̫ף


2217 һħ
˵ɣһˣҲ֮ӣȴһΪһߣҪͽˣȴû£ֻ⳥һЩԴΪһħ֮Ĺ͵㣬ͽ䡣
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棿ζҲһΣҪնɱڰͳ췽ܳɹ
㻹μ·棿ˣȥҲãҲֹҲһδҲ˵Ҫ飬Ǳȷǲħһȷ֮꣬Ҳһλӡǣ꣬ҹԪѰʱãã֮Уҵ꣬⴦棡
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ǱӦͷһɽһħ΢΢ܸӦʮڰϢ
ƺҲǱصħ󣬳ħΧûκζħƺֻʮڰʿˡ
ִܹħǱ档
Ȼÿʮһħ󣬵һǰȺɽȻһܴħ󣬶ħһ޴ĺߡ
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ЩʿҲħǣһֺڰʿҲǶħǿߡ
ذдǾǵعħߺ⣬˵Ƕһ޶ܺñϣ㿴ǴħһȺɽʵһţֻǴ̬ŵعµһħۡ
عҵŹһħۣȻ֪ħĴڡ
İ˱ħһǵعµһħ˲֪˲Ԫڡɽʥɽ總һƬ⣬Ǻڰͳж۴ǺڰһڰԨϹźڰ֮һţʵǳֲŵ֮
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͸أΧŰħ岼֡
ǿҲǳȣ֮ʵ٣Ҳû֮ǰǰ㾪š
ԵعµһħۣǵκɻʣҲõսľ
ħ󷽻ħ󣬸ʮؼ棬ƺģͥǴ˱ħƿصħģҪһЩ
ҲǳڶħϿȣף״ħƯڵ棬׷֡
ȻпֻĬĬøӦΧ۲ħԼΧǱڰĺڰʿԴЩصǿߣħ֮䣬ڰħĴ²֡
ħͷֵħ
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غ󷽵棬߸ǿߺ󷽣ʵҲóӦ׽ΧϢ
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ΪΡ㣿һȿĤ֮£Ѫ֮еѪȻһ˿˿ζ
ֲزѪ춯һһЩѪͷŵѪҲΪǿҡ
ڽ֮еٶҲȻ·һĻӦ
温˷ڰ棬üͷɻѣþûѪж֣ΪλѵƬ֮Уʲɣ
뵽ͼ漤ĺܣҲߴˣõйصһ·֮ǰ̤ɻʣкܴܵġ
ԽԽǼһֻ΢΢ж֣ȫӡ֤뷨Ƭйص


2218 Ϥĺڰ
غȻ֣ħǹȥû뵽ħһһҲ֪ħ֮жٺڰʿһ·ѲߺڰʿѾǧˣ
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ħħ֮һѪأһڼ״źڰߵߣѪ֮ѪڳһЩͯ
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ʱַǿߣǺڰɻʣҲȣϴ߶ħںϡ
ģһǿߵȷϢû䲻֪ܵɽǲҪ֮նɱɽ֪ħλá
һߵһɻʣλɻʣΪǿ󣬻ǹԪɽʿ
ǹԪڻʥɽʿΪȷЩͳ죬˶ڣ֮У޷ʰһλɻʣһǿһɨˣÿ˶ͷ
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˸նΧڰʿħ棬Ҳ׷ȥ˷ǣʮǧڰǿߡ
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ҲźڰߵĺڰʿЩ˶ǺڰɣһЩڰɻʡ
ȻĿԶԶһߣڴ߶һ졢̡
ʱڴСӣŷ֣֮ӵ

ֲã淽ףǺεԼѪжԭǿȣȻ֪ǺεȷͻȻ̰˼ҪõǸȡ
ӣڰɻʣͳ켶ǿߣ·֮ɱ
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ֿߣǺð취Ϊ̫ҷֻֿ·һû뵽شʱǳ壬ûһŶߡ
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ɿӲԼٶħǿߣڰɻɱ
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뿪棬Ѿ޷ӰӣֻͨӦڶʮԼܸӦڰʿϢ
ɣʵǿͷɿٶܴﵽɻʣڰɻͳһ̤ħǿ׷ɱ
ɿʱٶܴﵽɻʣٶѾǳˣλɻɿٶȡ
ڰɻ׷һٶȷԽԽĥһӣߴɻʶ׷ٶȹȻ첻٣ٶڰʿֻԲɻٶںա
˫˦룬ɿ󱳺󣬼ߴڰͳ׷ɱȽŵͬʱҲԾԾԣΪһ쵽ɻʲȣڰɻʣٶʱɿ࣡
ɿɭɭаЦһ˫С۾Ҳע󷽣ģٶԽԽٶȻһֱɻʣҲģٶҲɻңֻҪߴڰɻְ£˦ǣ


2219 һħ۷
ɿԴͱٶȣҪӿ죬ں׷ţ㻹Ҫٶȣһ󣬴Ĳ٣ʰǣ
ɿٶȹȻ٣ڰߴɻʷ׷ɱ£һϣ׷Ѿȥü죬ΧѾκɽ硣
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⡢⡭®ǧˣΪһѪսû뵽Σ֣Ȼһ˻⡣

ͨɵħһ㣬һҪƸԺԸɻʣûãһЩħħֱƸ
ԺԺúúڰħԸɻʣɹܶΣƺˡ

ƺħ޷вˣͻȻ䣬ʮʥԼһֻʽ׷һЩڰɴ߶¡¡編籩ɱ


2220 ʮ
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2221 ˭ܺĹ˭
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ͬʱҲڴ棬ҪεһɣȻܿһͷɻɿ󣬻һͷϹħ֣ħһ
˫δ˵ȭȻɿţȵ֣ͣ
ಣ
Ҳʶīߵ˵ﲻܲñȥǣҪشۡ
߷ɫƣһ˵Ĳɣζл˼ҲһǺXΪèͨӣͷȻɽˣҪ㣬ǲµġ
˺һٴ񣺡ǰһΪ黨Ϣ뿪ǣ
ղŲǺܵôXģߣȻ˸һ׹⡣
治Σһֱ۵ĸоΣգˮǰ
߻Ű׷С̬ȵXҲ˵ˣȶ֣ϷԺνѵСһ
⡭˵ϣȷЩ޷Ӧԣó߽첻ߡ
ͻȻ¶ЦݣɷǵӣϷһͣҲΪСҲԣȥ黨ȡϷУ
һ尡漱æͷ
ȷȶ֣Ե͵ͷνֲٿ⣬÷ʱ͵䡣
ɿţȭ֮һĹȥֻںһš
ĹȻӳȻһľïʢ֮أҲһɽһɭ⣬ʧȥΪࡣ
һЩ۶ϹЩǰҲĹƯȻ֣Ȼܱ˵ҲһӲȡ
黨ζ̫ҫ۶Ŀɿ
滹Щ󣺡
ɿɽڵΪѰıټ֮УҲγ󲿷ﶼ᳤Ԩ֮У滹Ԩ֮黨ļֵŰ˲ι
ϧöϲġţ᲻ðһ
ԣҲû뵽˵ȻɿᵽҲ֪黨ΪΪȻҪԾͲ˵ˣ˵ϹҲкܴ


2225 ڤ
ʱҵȡһѡȻ뵽ܰϹݣ͵ðղһֻ뷨׳֡
黨ֻʮ֮࣬ۿžȡҲע׷߶ϧûлᣬ벻ܶ黨ӳ׷ɱ
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ͻȻһĴ̿黨
ģ
ɿ͵Ŀһ⣬ɱһǴ͵Ϯɿæһɨţһ𿪡
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䣡
󷽣ͻȻըֲڷն
ڲĶƬΪߣ˺ķŹǣһС¾㻯ᡣ
ԭ֪黨й
һҲ԰˲֮гڣȻ﷢֣Ȼ黨ΪĪ⣬Ȼܷ
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ʱ߲֪ԺεݣĳԱߣȻֶ棺֪ˣʱޱգ˵籩ǴڰǿߣԼֲҲȡС
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Ϊڤޣǳ档
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ڤʵӦúܿ£ֻǱ۽׷ƣܸоڤϵһַǳ˵ӦƺXռϷ磬ȥ֪ڤޱȻǶ֡
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ʣ¾ȡ黨
桢ɿţɰͰͿ߻һͽ黨֮ժȡһƢոܵѹ֣ʧ
û뵽ߵõ黨֮󣬾ûˣԭ滹ܼɵҧģû뵽תۣXһ֮⣬ͷҲʧʯ֮С

˿ȻҲ˵֮ˡ
߸һеĸоЩߣܻ˵һȴ˵˵߾ߣȻЩ˻ӭ˵ֱ
XȥãŻعͻȻţƺʱ֮ȥ磬һ֪갡ôҪҲˡ
黨õ꣬ʶλȻǰװ˷ѵˡ
ɿȴָ黨·ʮɴˣо˵˷ѣ
һȻ֮лǳûһ˿˿ʡ
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ڤ޲ΪΪλҪ
һ룬ڤҲһֻ׷ͬˣڤҲǳҪ
Ϣ٣ܹ죬ֻڤ޲ӵУҲҽЩϢռҲҲ˵ͻȻϢ˼


2226 ӡ֮
ɲȻаȻ֮еͬ黨꾫ɣʿһ
ʯѨǰַϢ֮УڷϲһЩڤϵģΪԴ˺
߶ͷƯʯѨڵϢһ˿˿֮С
ȻϢոƣƤ֮µľȻȵѪֱӺˣѪ绨һڿήʧ
漱æŲѪʼϢҲ¾ۼһЩڰϢѪ֮ɢ
Ϣ£ҹ޷ʽȥóȻЩ¡һʱ䣬оءٴԺ֮зŴ
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ֶпһ棬ȻҲвһ档
ڴʱڵͨҲĥԸϢ
ͷһ®ǧˣϢʵÿȥɣΪûϢǧط֮Уй¼ʦһλ
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ܾˣȻû
»ͷųһٴ߶ϣϢһ»ڡ
ʱ˿̣»˫ƲϢԱ仯ֱӾͽϢ룬»֮һϢѹʹ»ͷţƿ»ҲЩӦ
Ϣ»ɣԼ죬ʯѨڵϢű»̸һɶ
»ʱǰ·Ϊһͷڤޣʶ»ήҵĽ֮У֮ͳͳڲӡ
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òҲţɿһɶɿûһɶ೤ʱȥ
һꡭʮꡭʮ꣡
ʱȥסʱ䣬¶Ĵڣʮ꣬ɿɻٶʱѰҷλȻûһ˿ջ
ʱʱص֮ڼҲɿصϢһʱ䡣
ڴһֱµ棬ͻȻɿ֮л
ŻصɿϣԶԶӰȻԦһɽڷ֮дɻʡ
ʧʱʧ꣬ˡ
汾Ҫ׷ȥλԶԶӦһʧλǶɻٶȷУδ̫ѹģȻĿڸ·
˼һ;Ӧ֪ꡣ
ں󷽴߰ɻʣԼֹȥʮ꣬УǰͻȻһƬǹʱգƯԽˡ
һƬտǿճֻ֣ɽڵĵطŻγҫۡ貵ʱա
һɽ㽥Ŵ󣬵ɽ磬泤ɿʧᵽС
Ȼҵɽ磬Ҳȷһɽ磬ʱ䣬ڽɽԵ
ּϤٽɽɿɻٶ𽥼ɭ֣ɽԽ档
ֱһǳأʯǳһʣ֪ﲻǳɽ磬Ǿ볤ɽһҾԶ녜ɽ硣
녜ɽ볤ɽ࣬еɽ磬ԱȲɽִɽ硣
ֻһʱ䣬ֱҵһϴģǳأŴŴ뿪£һҾ¥úϢһʱ䡣
녜ɽϢһʱ䣬ΪͨͿﵽ۷壬ҪͻɻʣԵȻ֮ͻƣһҪѰ녜ɽȥʥɽĴ
óɽͼһȣʧ꣬Ѿƫ볤ɽ磬ûпɽ磬һ녜ɽ磬лһɽ磬ֹɽ磬ʥɽֶһɽ롣
녜ɽȥʥɽ绹ɽ룬Ŷ
ͻȻһɽһҲΪ⣺ٸɽǡɽ磡
ɽ磡
û뵽ʧʱգײ녜ɽ磬ӶҲƫ뷽򣬾ʥɽԶɽ練ˡ
ų֮ɫΪײ𽥿ɽ磿
ĪҪȥɽ磬ҵַõʣһӡ
˼ãȥ̻ᣬռɽ붯
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ɽǽΣԭɽͻΪ棬һŷɽ磬øֿޡڰԼħʿɽûκɽֻȵϴ󲿷ɽһ
ɽȲͥ¾ܽͣΪɽûκ㣬˭Ը⽨
ɽ𽥻ΪһŷĸϹʱڴսɽû䣬Ϊɽ硣


2227 Ԧ
ɽûˣϾɽǿĴɽ֮һϹΪǿţյַڷ֮Уĵһأܶ˶ȥɽѰ
ǿǰɽɱڰǿߣִж濴һЩǿߣɽ֮УõһЩϹŷԼһЩ
ɽ䲻㣬ٱʱǿ򱶣ﻹҾȥɽ磬ҵһЩӡ˵ӡҵΪ
һȥɽ硣
һȥɽ磬ٴɽȥʥɽ磬·̸꣬޷ȥʥɽ磬·ʱʱȥҲ١
ˣȥɽ磡
ͨʲôʱͻƣ˵Ҫʮͻơ׼ܳɻʣǺɿǰɽ磬ͨÿ֮м
녜ɽһڣֻлڲдʹ󣬸㹻ʯ֪ĵ괫һɽ磬ڵ֮ͨ
һɽǡɽ硯Ҳ녜ɽһͨɽ硣
ɽǡĺɽ硯
ĺɽɽ磬ɽһţɽһƬ棬ûдʹԵĺɽ֮󣬾Ҫʱʮʱ⴩󣬾ܵɽ硣
ˣʮʱܴ녜ɽ絽ɽ硣
˶ʹŴ˲Ϣ뿪녜ɽ磬ĪҪ;Ǽʷ籩һʧʱգҪɡ
ֻٶˣûԱǴ󲿷˶ȥ컯ɽ磬˶ȥɽ磬ȻֻˣȻ٣ϾһηþˣһɻҲԳܡ
Լ꣬ʹɽ磬˴δĺɽ˺٣õ̫ãܴͣҼ۸ҲһЩȻȥĺɽ˸١
ƺܿ˶꣬ٴδӷɽ紫͡
ĺɽ磬ɽ磬Ϲʱڣĺɽ绹ɽĸɽ硣
ɽʱϹţǾްԵǿɽ磬һȻܺһЩС
ĺɽͳСͨɽȻҲɽùϵ
ĺɽ磬о⴦ɽȷΪֻͨǱͥ΢һЩҲֻ΢΢һЩ
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꣬ɿɻٶȽ뿪ĺɽ磬Խٽɽ֮󣬾ããʱգҪʮʱܵɽ磬潫ɿ
ˣһɽ磬ǺԪɾģһǰɽϢŻǵãɿӦ󣬽ٶ
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Ҫúĥ֮졢˿־壬ú»ǿȺڰħɽɻͷ۵С
һӡڣ»ͷųûκϢΪ֮ӡ»
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֮»֮ǻϸϸĥӦϢʼӦһδθӦ𽥲΢Ϥ
»ԼϢȻϢƣȴһԦ֮ں̫ࡣ
Ҳ֪˶ãϢӴŻϢƺһһƵۡĴڣ֮ĳЩ֮γĵһһͨɣ̺аħ֮ںϳɷǳӵ
®ǧ
ǧط֮УȻںҵ֮Ľܡ
ǧط֮Ϊ顣
֮󣬲һЩʶǿγɵһ֣дȾҲ᲻ϢΪʳԼǿһЩ۵֮룬ɶԷ
ǧط֮иպҲᵽһЩܴ֮ŷʽ䲻壬нһЩա
֮ҲһҲ̺֮»γų⣬ʵֻҪ»תΪ֮ҲԺ»ΪԦ׶ˣ
֪Ѿȥʮ꣬ж»ںİգֶһݰա
ʼ֣»»Ӵ߶֮͸һӡ֮С
֮ںϣȫںϣô»ͻΪһܡ
Ҳǧ֮УΪµļֿ֮һ
Ҫ֮»ںϣҪһ̡
֮аʱһ֮Ÿպ»ںϣ
ȥʮ꣬вʮңܵɽ磬֮ûгȥ֮һںϡ


2228 ɽ
ʮʱٴδ߶гʱ֮»ںϡ
Ҫǧطܣ˿룬һҲһ͡
һ˼֮󲿷ںϣ֮аʱպõˡ
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ǡ
ɿ󿴵ǰһƬΪֱͨʱգǹǿʢһƬʱգϲߺɽ磡
ֲӡϢΪǿңԭɽ硭濴ԶƬ΢ǹʱգҲһ𽥿
Ԫɾ˵žǿӡƿɽ磬ܼԦһ֮ˣҿ֪ԪɾӡɽѰ
ҲҪѰͨҲҪͻɻʣ
ȻӡɽıԴɽ磬͵ڻصһ
Ȼɽ磬ҪȥƽϽʵǳңԶ
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ˣЩȣҲ֮У֮ǰ˽⵽ɽ绯Ϊ棬Ȼ˽ɽ֮Ѱ
ͻȻһ¹һĸо;į
ǼٶȱȲɿ󣬴Լʱ䣬ɿɻٶɽ硣
δɽ磬濴ȥɽ·ûһ޷ɢȥĳ֣ɽ缸ɽȴ
̤ɽһ̣ӡϢΪǿңɽ򣬼ǿٽɽ
ɿ˵ϹʱҲʱûٽɽĴڡ
ڼһЩľ֣Ӧͷųȥȷϡ٣ͥҲɽһЩɽӿڣϳƯڽӡҲ·֮һ
һЩϡٵϢѣصƷɼõԭɽϢһ¡
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ӡȻƿ屶һ̣оԼʮռڣ޵еĴڡ
ܼԦӡ΢ɽӡǸͨ죿
ǰֻǾӡǸɽ磬ӡͷų֪ӵӡζʲôԪɾΪηҪõ
ϣɽ֮ãһջʱпͻɻʣٽһʱ䣬ҵԼͻɡд߶ͷӡô󱣳ֳҲʼ
Լʮ
ͨͷŰԵ۷֮һ㺧˰Ա޴
Ҫͻˣ
뿪һͬڣ챻ըͨͷƣ߿նһЩơ
ɿ˽ͻɻжѣɿ֪٣˽Ļ®ǧ
®ǧɳħףҪΪͨɻʶΪܱͨԸ١
®ǧԣɻʴޱȿֲɻʴ֮£ɽٲҪҲҪԴ˲ιɵԽԽãܶɳܼشپѾģղڴ֮£ԴǳҪ


2229 ͨɻ
һ㣬ǿ߸ɽ٣ͻ࣬ǿƴĻΪṩöɽ߼ѹ
ɶɽ߻ҪָܻɵΪɽÿһٶγɵƻǶʱԻָģҪӵлָıָ
ЩʣԪԪ෨ýʱӦܶ˴ƴ٣ýʱѽѣý٣ԪȻԿ⣬Ԫ෨ԴԪָԪһҿ״̬ýƿء
®ǧ󲹳һ䣺ɻʴһȹٻήһ𲻵԰ϴ裬ɻ𣬶кܴ

ȷһ뵽ϣԺɽʱöɲ
ʱɻʴٻͨҲ׼ɻѪٻָıȻ˲ιɵҲӦоУ˷ḻԴҲֻеһӲܵ
ͥӶ̻ᱦ⣬ϻɱɻǿߣͨͿʼ洢ԴΪͻɻһ졣

Ȼ䣬һɹײˣ
̧ͷȥɻʴγɱ֮ƣʮ֮һ׵绯Ϊ޹֣ͷŹƺڷ񷡣
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ͨ˲ʩչǰǵնɱڰǿ߶ģ߶֮ǰѪںϣƤֱ۱һ׹ǰħ֮ںϡ
ܽںϵ˳̶ȣȻҪɻΪͨƻͨɾںϻʽħ

һٻ֮У·һͻȻ׹䡣
״ŷյðնһƬ죬ؼﶼΪ
ʮ֮⣬®ǧ⣬桢Сţɿ󱻽ٻѹԪڲ
ͨʩչһħħɷϰȥΪһֻ޴ĶЫȥգһҧڽٻ
Ыͨ˲䱻ȼܷգܿ춾ЫջΪٻȻŰԵͨ
һͨƿʮӳ֣һģһħƵץٻ𣬽ٻˡ
ŵһ٣ͨóһΪͨɽ٣¶һء
ڶٻɱ֮ǰ޴һףһЩ׵ڻ֮һ
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һޣ˲䳩첻٣ȻҲǵ̵Ҫԣûдʯô󡢷̳ͨڶ٣
ǿԭ򣬾ͨҲ೬Խ壬ԼԪ
ͨϢһٻ׹߿ѾһƬٻգ˵ܴͨܵƣ󷨵棬ҲϢѹúܲڡ
ʱ·Ŀ£̬ڸһеףơ
ͨȻô󡢷̳֮Ըǿٴ飬ĵ𽥴飬ٻͨѾʩչȫܴ顣
ߵڰ˵ھŵĿǰ״ͨҪɹһɻʴ٣ֻɵĿԡ
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һħɷ֣ģͨȫžһץڵߵ档
ٻ벻飬Ǵ󲿷ֽٻѹͨԾ𣬲Ͻӡ
ٻϷֽ֮ͣٻԻͨҲʣ°
ͨĹ룬󡢷̳֮Ҳ߳ɣ٣û뵽׼˳֣ȻɻʴٵĿ£ҵɻʴٱȻҪֲʱٻʵڷһɻ档
澹һͷ֮ľ롣


ͨɽٵʱ򣬽ϵ濴ĳЩǰĶɻʴٽĿֲ𺳡
֮У󷨡뷨̳תͨӡץħӡ·ĵΧռͿʧȥй⻪ΧΪħɷˣߵܷգԽԽѾﵽһɽûвࡣ
ħӡΧͳͳͨϰ׹Ƿһںϣ·ɺ໥ɡ
һ̤̳ͨ˫ץӥǰѸצΧħɷץħɱش٣ƺռһħ֮С
ͨ󾫻ں֮ɲشɱһ󷨸߿վ̫ʱʧȥҫը󷨲顣
󣡡
ɲǶ®ǧ
ȫ飬ڰءش٣ͨΪѡ
®ǧͷԶɻΪ׼õķһٱը֮µϷȳգû뵽ٻ棬յ÷ٶȡϢ


2230 
ԭͨҲԽɣﵽɻʸ߶ȣ򲻿ܽɻʷϢơ
ˣû뵽ܴ֮ﵽɻʸ߶ȣ
®ǧ֣δ˵ɶɽ٣ӵɻʣʿζɽٳɹ
ͨƶᣬǧ꣬챦Уħ桢ڰʿ̶Ҳѳˣ浹Ծ
ԭƾӵʮԪɽǧ꣬ͨõԴٱɶɻʾ˰ԵҲ֮С
㣬Žߵٻ飬ڰشٽ®ǧЩ޲˲䣬ΰشپȻӴ׹˲䣬ʮڲ
һѾӵɻ֮
ͨϢһɹѪɫħɷڲƶϰ׹ǷѪɫħɷںϣһ͵İ׹֮ɣͨþǿҲɱɻʸ߶Ƚ

Ȼ䣬桢®ǧ·оʲô˲
ԭ
ͨǰ׹֮аħڤƣоһѾͨоɡ
Ѹɱڰشٻ֮УȻûнٻҪ֪һӵɻ֮
ȴٻ½ٶȶƣִͨһѪɫӿ˫ǽٻѹȥ
ٻ½ţ󱻰׹֮ҲٻգڲͨҲ顣
ˣ
ǿһǿסڰش٣ھش١ͨͻȻһ˫аͫ
û뵽ھشѽɱ
һ٣ͨһҲԻ⡣
˵ʱʱ죬ͨͻȻץһ֮ǰնɱħڰɻͳʬ壬ڲɻٽħɷ¡
濴һĻһЦͨǽ컯Ѫħõ£óֶΣɻʬԸ١
ʵⲻֶͨΣҲѹûɻã̻ᡢ᰾ʿǵȵǿ棬Ҳ࿴һۡ
ͨԦ컯Ҳ˶٣طɻʬ壬ʵ
һ׹֮ɱ֮ͬǰ׹֮ǰһڵھشǰԵ̫С
ھؽٻʱ̫ˣ׹֮ħƣħһѸٶȣһɱǽٻ֮УٻΧ鲻ٽٻЩٻһ׹ʮΧγɵĽٻҲѴﵽɻʸ߶ȡ
ͨҧţͦˡ
ȻҲڰɻʬ壬ھش׹֮һʧͨоһ̱ڷ̳֮ϣϢϴٵĿֲձ
׼õɻѪһţʮ˲ιҲһš
ܽʮ˲ιóãͨɻҲ޷ֻλɻʲ
߳壡
һ׽֮кɱγ׹֩ѹԪ񣬱˵ͨܣ֮ʮ棬Ҳоӿ
ͣ
˼ʣһϴ٣һ׳׵磬ͨХ
ϴ޷㿪ģҲ޷飬ֻӲ
꣡
ۣ
׿ֻһСͨ˲䣬ϾͳֲϸѪѣѪ·屻񵹹ӿ⡣
ͨѪӽѪѣѪ⣬ûƿΪˣ޷
һĻĲһ
ͨһæʮŸ߼ɵһɻѪټһ˲ιû뵽ڵڶϴ׽Ҫ˲䣬ͨƿǿֹѪʧֿ׽٣Ƥ¶Ѫˡ
һգٴͨͷһϴһѪϳָѪѣѪҪȵһϴɵҪִһЩ
ǧеľʹԴһЩħ棬ʼѪѵõ޸
ħˣͨȻֻܿһڴʱϴ׽ٺɱƫо׼ٴͨ
һѪһЩѪѽСָ֣ͨҧɻѪþָ
ĵ׽ɱҲΪͨһ麹
ͨĵ׽ٺУ԰ףѪǿըɢڷ̳֮ϣʮ֮⣬ҲܿͨѪ󲿷ֱп
ܼͨסħ治޲ѪѣԼԴ˲ιɻѪԴ
һϴ׽ٺХɱ׹۵˲䣬ͨѪ֮С
үүб£ͽүɱˣû뵽ͨӿһЩĹƳ棬ħ˿ڡ
һŭȴϴٴٴ
һͨ·˵ҲʧȥǿԴֵܼ˿̣ⶼԵʣϾɻѪ˲ιҩֻܸǳϴٵĸ


2231 ýٶ
®ǧ亹ͣã˳ܵɻʴ٣ֲҵ˴٣ѾҲʦÿܲôһ֮ͻɻʣ
Ҳ·ʶĲףǿͻƶһȻ״̬ٻ٣ʶɻĿ£ںˡ
һϴٻͫƳ桢ħҲһЩħ桢Ƴ汻ɱ
浣ͬʱҲɽ֮һĻͨһסϴ٣Ϊ̤ɻʣһҲսɻʣ
ϴ׽٣ͨɴԴڰ˵ϴ٣޷ֱһ̯ѪȾΧ̳
ͨʧ߶ճ֮ơ
򵥣ͨΪһϴ٣ƴˣ
ۣ
ھϴѪ˲飬׽ٻǰԵѰĻ
ãֻǴѪʧͨѪ£ûѪͨҲǱӻ֡
һأ
ʱͨѾ벽ɻʡ
ͻȻֽһɻ棬ӴѹȣһְԵٻҲֻͬмϢ
®ǧ˵ɣ
Ҳϴ棬ͨɲѪ˲ιи߼ɵó̥Ԫʯһںϡ
ϴٶѪӿڡ
𣬿®ǧΪϴ֮ҲһԪ
®ǧӦ𲻵ϴ衢ɱ䣬ҲͨԪɱ䣬ɻʵԪǷǳǿģ
ɻͨԪȷ¡û뵽ǰԵΪȴҲԪɱ䡣
ɻʲô
֮ߣ
նɱɻʣɹɻĿǰΪֹΪյɻʵֻɻڼһ֣ɻʵ֪
ͨգһ飬𵤡Ԫ飬ʣһϲδȫ顣
һ̣ͻȻ֮ӿ֮С
ˣǽɻʲе֮ɻʿʼֻɻʾ磬֮
®ǧ涼󣬱֮һȹ٣֮ͻ֮ΪɽɻͻƳɹΪһɻʣھӵкܾ˵֮ɻͨĲͬһ֮һͨԪ񡣡
ʱ淽Щס
˵̤ɻʵȷһδɱ䡣
֮ͨԦڣĽ𵤡֮ܣ֮ǽܵĸһ̤ͨһɻʣ֮ӵױȵ⾫
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Ϊӵˣӵеİ֮֮ɿȻɻԽ֮͸ʱա
ͨɽٳɹ
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иոɽ£׼һӣ׼ͻһ硣
ȻߣӦ󷽷츲ǣмϢ
ٴνӦŴ濴ԼʮﴦӰڿһɻɡ
ɻʷķٶȣȻǱٶ
ΪζЩ˷٣ɱԽ
ɱһһǵһɽ٣˰·ɱǿһЩЩȲɱϻܴɽһЩţ
֪ͨȥͨÿϢڰ
֮ܿ⣬ǲ츳ӦҲܿģ˵ʲô
ɻʶŴһӣЦȻһͻɻʣѾɹɽ٣ϴ衢ɻһ˶ɽٳɹȻŲԼԴ
һʵʦҪ֣
ɻҲΪᣬҲģ۾ϸüɽʮ꣬ûõɶñǻͲܷŹһ̤ɻʣȻһˣٲһ㣬ΣǵӣΣ߻ʵԶɱκǿҲ޷ҵǣ
ǵӸãʦһкܶԴһɵӣҲͶʮꡣ
˵ˣܶԳɽ٣Ȼǲʿٺ٣֣ɻʱץһɽɵӣ֮ɱ
ʱڳͨӵ£ҲֶܳԸˡ
ಣ
ǿ߿ٷ٣Ϳɱٴ
ӴС
һͷţ󷽰Եɳ
⡭
ɻ˴ӣͻȻ¶ɵ֮ɫʱЩعˣһ˳ͻɻʴ
ܶˣ
󷽣浲סȥ·ߺȵۣҲãɱҲģ
Ҳնɱɻʣ񫣡һɿһ֣ͬСȥһСŮȴͷź


2232 
ǡ
ˣɻһɨˣּûһɻʣ֮࣬ͻȻ¶Ӵɻʼ߶ɽ
ɵҲһ߶
СͻȻɳ
ݣ
ɻҲƲ磬ȻˣСɱҲһն۽
СѸٱܹƹһٶɻһȥ˺󷽣һȦ
ٶȡúãʵһܽնɱɻ۾ֱðǡ
Сֻˣһ㣬һں
꣡
û뵽ǣΧ׾ȻԿʼҲΪʵ͸ı⡣
СȻƿأ·ﵽǿ߸߶ȡ
䣡
գ۾ͱڱ֮еǿߣʶСĿ£÷㣬´һЩռ䣬Сͻðױռָຮ
ԷֻһһɻʣһʰţĦȭƣ˵һȭб⡣
ţѹúڲ֣ݵ壬ɻҲ޷мܡ
Ҫѹ֮ʣ̤·ǿߣʧʩչԷȡڷӡɻʡ
ɻ£ɻʾֺڣ֮ǰһ˶ߣɾǴȻɻʶ֡
û뵽Էԭǹʵ
һȣɱֻǵָ⣬ʵشҵ⣬׼ǿԸһ·
ɻǱͷãʱش𣬱ɱҾͺã
ɽ紳Ӧ֪һЩţҲ֪ҲѰӦ֪ʲôɣ
֪
˵
Ҵʮ꣬꣬ʲôûҵֻõһЩûбҵɷ棬ƺϹַ
⻰ƺʵַΪβȥѰ
Ҳȥ̽һѾ˷ӡǱɻʣһ汻ͷѨʵȥ̽
ŵþŻش˼
ãɻƸʼ
մҲʧʱͨɾɻʣ͸һȻ˭øԪɱ䣬֮ϴΪ֮·Ȼӿ
պҲã֮ͨ
Ϊͻơ
ʮﻯΪ棬ɻʴĨɱⷽ뿪ѰһƬֺ
ڷ̳ʱʱ̿Ѫʮ꣬һɽͷɢ
ͻˣ
ʼ飬ѪѪڷըȫ֮С
̤죬а졢ͻɻʣҪʱ䡢ԴԽ̫ͨ࣬þ·滹꣬ͻƾ죬һɻʣٻеϣ
ţ·ľˣ
ͻƲδж˷ܣĿǰڴͻɻʣһ쵽ˣʵһĿꡣ
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󣬽𵤡ͨԪѪ״̬֮٣˲ιɻѪԼ߽׵ҩ
ȻͻɣɻںϸΪɣζŽɸɻ
죬ڰ
ɣ
ͻһʵȴ٣Լо֮зָΪʵ١
ˣҿɻѪˣ
֮ͨУΪϲͬʱϢ̤ɻʾǲһڲħףɻʬĿǰһ졢졢ɻʬԺףҪɻʾЩѣ
ܽһɻ룬ƳɻѪͲˣҹƻ޷ǿɻһɻҲں϶٣ǶһЩѪǸϢһԵõɻʾ
ͨͻɻ̫ʱˣ
һʱ䣬Ҳ֮Уʮ꣬ڲʱ䣬ʵ״̬
֮ٳȥѰڴɽ磬ҵЩӡ
£
桢СɿСʱʱһ֣ʵС
ŽƷ翪ʼĴУɱŽҲ͵ĴﶼɻʵʩչС󣬿ºϻ֮׻ɱɻʡ
ָͨʵ̤һɻʣ˶ˣ֮ǰӺնɱĺڰͳ죬ʣ¼ɶʬ壬ǧطƿܡ
һħ̤ͨɻʣܿƵħָʵúõħĻɱ졢ɻʶ¡
ʣʵһЩͻɣʵҲֻǿһɻʡ
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桢ͨ뿪£֮ǰץɻʴ·ǿʼɽ硣
ɻҲûйŵͼȺɽ磬ռһЩϢ
һɽԽɽû뵽棬ڷ֮пһЩۼ


2233 Ƕ
ٶȷɻʽָǰϢǰԼʮһɽкüɻʷӡ
ÿûˣУӦǷ棬ȴڲʮﴦֽȻû˵ѡ
ЩΪβȥѰſ滹ЩŪס
ɻֲȴǿ֧ԮҲ֮һЩƣΣЩɻʼΪ
ܿʹǰһͺͺɽ´øӦòͫܿһĽ磬Ҫ͸Щѣںϣ͸磬һγɵĵؿӣһɻʴżڶڡ
ʲôҪٿЩ
ͨɻҲӦһС
⣬һٴӦںϣڵһУҲؿԼףǱγɣʵ·һϵȣһֱ
ڰĵطһޣڵع֮޴ڡ
ָӦɻԼʮɣڵع֮һʯϢʱܴŲ³ɻʼЩɣ²ڵع֮еĴŲóȻع
ڵع֮ʲôʱ޷ɻȻЩ
˱ųĬͨȻڵȴ
㱼䣬ͻȻ°ͣǱͥʱǿ̫࣬ɻΣɻһɻʣһɻʣǶǣ֣
ҵģͨ·͵ȴ˺ûᣬǰ磬󷨹ҫʧ
컯
ʮϢʮڲһɻ뼸ڵؿΧ˿δ쳣
罣ͨͻȻףһħӡ͵Ϯɻʡ
¡һ𣬳һʱƲӰ
ɻɻ⣬պһǱɳһ涸Ȼɱڣڰշ֮ʣϢںɽǿɽչԽɱ
֮汳֣ٶȾɽ࣬Ž뽣ͨɱһ
ֻһУԷǸɱǰΪвһ
סһɣһͽԷͨ뷨˲ߡ
ʵҲɻʣһȻǶ֡
ಣ
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Ҵǵ⣿ǳıɣɻʴһǳ£ͷ߻һɻʡ
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ʵ㣬УʵܵģͨƷɻʣԾƷ
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ͨЦҲѻ˵׵㣬⴦عҪˣǷҪ赲ҵĺ
֣
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ɱһɻΪ߶ǰԷհɻħɷɱжԷӴӡ㡣
û뵽ͨûл齣ӡԷɻʽӡƳ֮ӡӿͨʮ֮⡣
Է߼գЦķǳԵһһɻʰˣҪˣǰʵôܺӵɻ۷ʵ
ϣɱǣɼգԻָڰպɱ
һɻһͷһɣɱԱǸһɻҲ¶мЦݡ
Ҳź룺ֻϰˣ
ಣ
һ̶ˣ
ץƺ֮󣬷ɳգͻȻӺ«һɺɫҺ壬Լ̡
ɣ˳Ц档
Ƹḷ́ԼɫҺ壬ħЩ˶ʱŵñɫ
ҺԺڰǿߣͨȡΪľǶԸɻʡ

߶Ȼ
һɻʽӡԦӡͬʱߵǺ«ΪЩ֮Уɽƺ«
߰üһûü˵ͱƷ籩ƶĺڰɻħнӡ
ħһ籩Ϯӡ󣬺ڰ֮еѹƣЩ˼ּԦ赲Ҳһëëģտյġ
ɻҲҶֻܷڰħĿģմȾҲˣĥ
ٿ棬֪ħֻסԷһʱᣬħ޵ģͿͨǣ
ͨûΪɱȥǴ߶ʮڰܣЩ˴һ쵽ɻΪоħӡ


2234 ʨ
⡢⡭
һʮɻʣǺڰͳ켶ǿߣҲû֮ǰǸмƶ
ʣǸɻʣԼɿĶħɷǵû
ಣ
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ֻǺ䣬ˣɴ󲿷ɻӳȥҲմȾϿֲħ
׷ˣǱɻߣһҲûܻնɱԷͨȥ׷
ҪɱһɻʣȻҲףóǿУɲ˷
߽عѰҪ¡
ʬ壬һڶˣ
ͨһڰɻʿڣؿӣ·һʯݣԼɣʮִǽ廹һЩʯͷŵ
ͷŸӦ桢ͨʯʱһϵعӳһЩڴùζĿУҲһЩѪζ
ҿʲôɻʶķ棬ĴȻ
潫Ӧ£һУҲ۵ףΪĵعһڿյĵؿߣϢ䣬ǿңͨؿһЩ׹ǣһЩѪĸʬ
Ӧؿ룬ؿӦòȻģǱ˿ɣŰײһʯңʯҽû󷨱һͨһʯңʯҴŽա
ЦʯұӦ类ȡߣʣʯҡ
ʯұб
ΪϣӦؿߣһЩ֡
һЩʧȥʯΪݽߣǶڵؿʯ֮УЩʯȻγɣʿΪؿγһ㹻ӡ֤ؿһǿ
ϧɽϹʱڻΪ棬ݽߣʯҲȥؿ֮ǰӦдӡʧؿЩʯұȡ
Щ⣺ĳ޷׽ټܶʯԺǿʢ
ʵɻʴҲǰǰɵؿմţĿһͨСؿߡ

һ档
һڣɻǱħ֮ǰͨߵǿߡ
أ
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ɻʾϲͷϢɻʷɳȴһ
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ᵽɽƺ«񶼱ˡ
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ع
𽥿ؿߵ桢ͨؿߴ󲿷ֻҲиڸӦؿڲκζ
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治ǽնֻǽ𿪣ͨѳûؿϷΧһӱÿ
ٿǵ棬һںɽһֻʵţӦǴϮһǴ
ˣ졣
Ǵ˴Ӻڰ֮г֣һڼס⽡׳෢ӡ
ͷɫһ˫۾ԼӴ󲿷Ƥɫ࣬ǡ
׹ޣźˣ񣬴ûһֻ׹֣û뵽챻ײ
෢˵ˣǰֿ񣬷ǳϸ壬΢˻ƣؿڱࡣ
ĿϣԾӵ±һȻû£ſһҲ٣׹һŲ٣
ɵ෢ˣᱦģƴ
뷢ǿЦǱȷ֣ǰˣҲǱ飬и󵽣Ȱ뿪Щ׹ǽ³ɲῴޣͷŹһ·ڴѰ
ͻȻ߳һҲһǿƣȻˣȻҪõһЩ뿪ҿؿ󲿷ʯҽû󷨷ӡ汦ӦȡߣʣǴʯңҲ޷򿪣Ϊβԣܴ򿪣˵޷򿪣ҵȥ
̸ڴˣֻٳ

ͨͻȻЦˣ˲ץħɷħƱĹǰ
ڰħû뵽෢һۣϳǰĲ

գۣͨѾԭʧٿǰѾӳǰɱӶڽһ෢ˡ


2235 ֮
ɻʣܱױȵĻ
ѵһɻʿֲ˲䱬桢ֱӱɡ
ȷ֣Գ㱾ôүǺη֣֮УͨЦһ
ûûһһɻʣɱģ⼸ɱʮɻʣ
෢˻Ӧһ䡣
桢òվȣͿӰڵؿϿɱɱȥһײγɵĻҫĵؿһЩԨ޷Ӧâ׷ײ
ʵѹֻܱͨ濴ǰӰ˸䣬ԭ෢׷ͨһһɱ෢˾ܽĽ
̫Ѱ·Ǵһʿ
ͨмǳѣΪ෢ˣԷһڲĻʽɽؼʩչѰҲʩչͨԼıܣ෢˽ͨʩչ˵ز
ͨȻҲǳصģʱʱɱħ෢ٶȡӦԳͨȻܸ鷳޷˵෢ˣִͨ߷ǰɱħɷƣȴ෢úڽ׻⡣
۲һԽԾȻͨһɻʣ֮аУʵӦܽһɻ߶ȣʵҲܿȶɻʣȴڷ治෢˶֣
ҵȥ֧ԮȻֲ˶ãҪˡ
Էٶ̫죬ʵԽ㣬ȥȻԿɿȥûɱȥɿ֮г
мܴ򣬺ٺ٣
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෢˾ޱһףͽҧסڽɿ𿪣ɿɽ絹ɿ󣬵ټֻɿĪҲҪ뱾ΪУ˶ڵʱ򣬷󳱱ܼɵһֻκαɣ
ѶԸû뵽ǸӲӣúãôүˣҲգ
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ħɷͷţּڰɻʿܣûнкڰɻͳʩչЩӦùˡ
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߳һ˲ķѡ
ۣ
ͨŷը˲䣬Ͻӳȥǡ
ʣڰɻʿܣͨȴ޷һʱߣڰɻʿһŷ飬ըѪѪɡ
ڰɻʿһ˻ǶɻʣȻвʨһһĻĿ࣬ҧ
ΪͨϿܣ棬ѿѹʨ֪ʨֻ֮һɨ˷
ˣ
ҰܣҲǳɱ
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ͨ죬żͷЦǸ㵱֣˼㻹ʸ񣡡
ǱͽǸˣȻԵʬ壬ʵԽǿո֮ͨ󣬱Ȼܿʯңʨŭˣ


2236 ʯ
˺󣡡
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ˣ֣ħһƾܽˣɱͨĲ鲻Ըڶܲ
Ȼҡҡͷֻ˺
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С񣡡δʨǰһӣһСģһɱ
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ͷʨʵƳԽ졢ɻʣҲɻʡ˼ʣѾ΢΢»֮߶С
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ʱɿ֣潻ڵؿţ̷ʨ;͵Ϯ汻УҲˡ
ĻҪɱɿɱɭɭҪ۵۵ʨҲбɱĿܡ
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̳һ֮£̳ڣǷ̳֮оȻһʬ壡


2237 ʯ
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ݣ
Էɻɱһ֣κϮĺԱԷý顣
ԻͼȻСͼں΢ĵزöһЩͽɻʱ⡣

һɻЩ֪ħȦİԵýħȦû뵽޷ֹֻԼɻʵɽһħȦ
ʽ׷ܻħȦ۽׷
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ת٣Ϊ޲ƣعɻ΢΢£
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ع֮ɻʵȷ꣬ʵɻʣͥ³һɻɱǱ
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ƺɻʷֲԾʵǿᣬͨ®ǧɱУһ飬Ǵ߶ͨ®ǧ޷ֵоǺڰħҲɻǿ޷ɱͨԭ


2238 ɱɻ
һɻСúСͷţԻͼҲʩչɽϲסǿߣԷȻȴҲʮϢͽСţѹ
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˵̫죬ȳعȥãһɻʾȻ롣
ҿɲǻᣡɻ״̬µ棬ͻȻһӡǡ
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ɳ˲䣬ƸҲץС
ɻʶʱӿ󷨱֮УɻתطСǧص֣Ԫ󣬵ʮ


2239 «

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2240 Χɱ
ڰǿ˦ٹһʱӦܳ˦濴ź󷽷棬ڰǿӰӡ
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ƺƴΧ߿նڷա

С˲ӡӭȥΪ㣬Уû뵽飬ȻСûͼҲǳԽԼʵ̫Ķ֡
ɱಭ׽ħȦϣ𡢽飬ǶԷޱߣⷽЩ
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ֶ𵴣ֺϱҲ÷Χͨɱǿ廹ĴռƣͨⷽȻֶβʵʼŽϴࡣ


2241 ɱ
Ը
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ΪǿһЩɻʾ磬һΪҲԪΪطɱĴԪʱǱ
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ͨħ»ĴǿᣬʵҲܽӽɻ۷塣


2242 ¿
ಣ
Ϣ뿪˵أֱɳǧ֮⣬һɽ֮вϢ
»ܿʱóʯ÷̳˷ͨһóһ졢ɻʬΪѪ
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ԪήҡҲһ֣ҪָҪܳʱ䡭ʮ״̬δָ۷壬鿴Χ볤ʱ֮С

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һЩ׽ǰϴ󣬷ֲٺڰʿϢ洫һħ̳ħϤӦǵعºڰ


2243 ı
ɻʿܣڰϢۼ˵Ǵòıϡ
һһħ̳㹻ڰͳʬȥɶ񣬴ʱΪһδ֪Ϲŷðգ̫ǡͻȻͣδ֪̫࣬һȥ
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ڵ̥ԪʯлһЩһЩΪͨĵ̥ԪʯڲֻһЩ޷ڲһЩ֮УҵĹ


2244 ͻư
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һǳǣɽʿУѾǲĴڣ󣬵ǵǸǴ˵֮еĴڣҲֻ־ۣµǡ
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ܸо飬εѪ⡢֮Уų飬ѪϣУѪڻᵮѪγһӵǿѪϡ


2245 ħǿ
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ץסһ˲䣬˲ιɻʡѪи߼ɵ
ЩԴҲʼŽ֮ܣЩԴ̤ɣΪǿΪֵĲѪϣҲܿӵз
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ΧͻȻ޴ħӰ
桢ͨ򼸵ӰŵĲᡣ
Ӱһľ޴ĺڰǿߣȻ֮ǰĺڰͬΪȻǵһħɱȴһ˲δڰߣǿŴͷɱħɷرǿ
ˣƺڰͳܣϹںڰؼҲˣ
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ҼǵþᵽڷʱľһΪž˵Ϲ飿
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ҴӺڰħؼ֮пħž˽Զž崫塣


2246 ħ
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˫ץƺ«ɻʿطӳԼƸڲ

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ƺ«Ʒ籩мħɱͬշըͨ뷨вƸ󲿷֣ɿõģһ˼츳ٶ
˫죬ɿδ˦ڰǿߣڰǿҲδ׷ϣ˫֪ɽ
ңԶһŴױֺǵϿȡ


2247 ǿ
һϿ֮кȻۼһ֣Զ
һҲ˫ﶯǲҲһƺ̣ʱȥ
ԳʮӣŨüǣȧδһ˿ϢɷǣһͲһˡ
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ĳʱڣȷһɱܿɽʯ̶̳ȣʽ׷ӽǿɱҲ


2248 Ŵߺ
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ȻڷعϷɽһӲںڰ֮УʯɿҲ󲿷ֺڰǿ׷档
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ϤϤͨͷŸӦ棬ͻȻСţעʩչͬͨĺϡ
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2249 
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ǽԼԪɽڵ飬ں϶ɣǽɽӵɽˣǿԼԪӡںϽ飬ճΪ飬ý֮УýȥܣɾͲԪܣǽ̣
治򵥣
̿ǺöȻˣֽ̺ܰԵĺöǽ̵ĿߣҲǷӡԺĽ飬ɱ̣õ飬ҲýƳ߼̣ܽҹŽɽ磬ר飬ϱܶýƷһЩɣҲкܶ಻֮ͬ
öȻܷŹ׼ѹ̣
ˣһ߶һƻھѹ̣ԺҲýƽֻ̣ܴõĽ飡
֣
󣬵®ǧɿͷ
ʵͨһЩֲܶԸ
Ǳģ
˭֪һɻʣһѺ֮зɳ˫ħ˲佫ס
ɱԽˣ
®ǧӦѸͣɱħǿߡ
ɿȥ֧Ԯͨת®ǧû뵽Ľǿ顣
ԷΪǶɻʣ˾һɻȻΪΪ֪ͻƶжã
ƻ£һҪΪħܣħǿߴһɱħ
®ǧħЩ£ʵԼ֣ħĻɻµĶ

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ħ飬δȫʧ¾綾ֲһĵúǿһֲΧħ顣
ܣǳϵϢһǺñ
ħǿ߳ƿ̧ͷɱľ֮дŸΪ̰Цݣһħɱ
ħٶ̫죬ɳͻΪʮɣȾԴһЩٶȳ񣬺ѹоͷ
һʽƷʵıԻɱκɻʣ±ħǿ߶ɻʴ߶δﵽ۷壬Ҳܻɱ졢ɻʣҲܻ
ϧ֮󣬾δ飬ħǿţ˫ֽӡħ̳ͻȻڿգִӺײо󱳡
ħǿ߼Ԧǳɼкܳʱ䣬ȻʵҲǿᡣ
һ֮⣬תһ˿ۼŭӳصӡһƴбɣӱ֮ۻǣ̱ŷ
һ֮ƿħ̳ħǿߣҲļΪǱ
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һ
ɿٶȣֶͨԸǿ̣ڱޱȵ۵飬̱ըһ̣һĨһȥ
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ͨɿ׷ȥ
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ħǿ߷ǵԨ´ħץħҲ˹ȥ
ʧ®ǧϼƶԸħǿߣ߲Ԫڱһߣħǿߡ
߿ɻ߶ɣֻһɻҲڰǿˡ
ݣ
ڰǿ߱סֱ桢®ǧǰء
û뵽ոʧĽ飬ִӺڰ֮Խն
飬⿴Žǵؿߣ׷Ĳͨɿ󣬶ɻǿߡ
ʱŻԭǶȡǵ飬һⷽǡײ
Ǹţ´ζҪһУħǿһ񣬸׷顣
ﲻֹһ飡
®ǧΧޱҲǧõıõһ飬׶ˣ̫Ҫؼ˶ԵƳ


2252 ὣ
֪ڰ֮ͥУǲľںεȳ̶ȣһ̣治뵽Լĺڰ
Է˽⣬®ǧȲ棬ԽڰƳҲֶ֤Ρ
ʱͨԭˣٹ֧Ԯмὣ飡
ಣ
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®ǧ׳ɽԽɱȥ
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ɱ̫ʱøɿͨȥвص֮ЩǿᣬڵȻ
ʩչɱһɻʵˣɿڵȴᣬ۵ɱɻһֲ
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桢ͨɿ®ǧøӦסǰɻټǵڲͿ챻ɻ׷ϡ
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Ĵɻֻн飬Ȼǿȴסڻ֮޷ߡ
δӵϾһʶҿԿƽӡɱͨɲͨʶ塣
½ӽɱȽӿ£ѳ˵ͨȴǣһ츳ͨÿ˶
һ߶󲿷ʿмܣҲˣŽɱĴɻԪʶǰޡ
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һʶ壬ԪΪƣպÿԪȥ
ڽɻʬط߶Ԫĵ´̴տ񱩡
һ˲ȥȥϷѩƬ£ȥΧ
ҿɲߣƸٷȥ;֮Уƺ«Ҳ˳
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һɻʱɱܵƺߡ
Ȼ˫ѹȥڽϷ֣Ʈȥ
˳޵ͷ뽣ڣڽתӳһɣϽâͻȻһԲֽ֮ٶལ޷ѹơ

һ֮⣬Ӻڰ֮Ʈ֡
Ƹ籩鿴Ƹߣٶֻ֮ǰһ뻹㣬Ϊڿʶ
Ѱɻǿ߽Էο黹ֻһʶ壬ǿҲסѹ
Ƹǡôн飬ûĽɢĽâⶼƸһաɡ
û뵽ƿƺ«֮ʣ龹һ˵࣬ſңſң
ҷſ㣬Ҳ޷ӳȥǿɱ㣬Укηֱ𣿡ɻ״̬߶Ƹɽ顣
ǡƺ«֮ŵ
ͨ¶誡®ǧ¶課סɻǿߣ˾ͱɱú·
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ʱڰ֮пȥԼϢ֮һϤɫ棬ԼһĵϮٶ֮죬⣬ڳÿ˶֪Ǵɱ
ȻСӣɽתˮתˣɲǣϤӰ
ԭǰʨԼɣ


2253 
Ҳ⣬ǣֱֵɽܴڷ̫Сˡ
ۣ
һԲϣ
ģԣȻҲڷ
סɻʣԼ¶誡®ǧͬŵÿɶԡ
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®ǧ¶調ɲǹˣΪҲɾ綾Ϯ޷мܣ֮ΪҲˣֲֿʺλܿĴڡ
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ɿģĵ磬ٶȸƣ濴󷽣ͬһ֮ϣӦʮǿ߾ۼں󷽣ƶΪƸ
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츳Ӧɿǰڰ֮Ѱҷ򣬶̷ͨЩǿߣɿٶȲ죬ںڰ֮п׼巽ԽЩ˦
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ǧ淢Ϸ׷Щǿߣд󲿷Բ׽ǵϢѾɢںڰ֮Ѱǵټ
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׽һУɿѰҲ֮أԨռ䣬Ѿ˦Щǿߣ滹ǲģʩչ£Ҷ֮жһʱ䡣
ڣ滹ע綯ڲ˰죬ֻǼʱһǿѰҲҵ£뿪ˡ
һ֮ͨɿ֮гȥѣȷΧûǿߣͷ츳ӦгڣѾû
汻Ӧһ⽣
ԽʮͨҲоһԽǿҵĽͷţ⣬Ȼһ顣
ȻץһӡڲȻǽ飺ͨղ飬ţƽ̿ܣҲ


2254 ὣ
ͨɲ£ıţٶȡˣ
û£Ƚͨ
ȻҪѾкڰַȷͨԺԸǿиһֶΡ
񲻵зöɲʱȥƷֻƿܣýȥƿܣĴҪģ֮ͻɻʡ
ɲΪƿܣʱ䡣
ǰһعһǿĵǿӡǿڹ󣬶һ̣˼ʣԽǿҽƽ֮ʣѾǰ󲿷ֶ
Ӻڰ֮ԨɳǰһԽ£ͼ·ʯڣһϵععһжΪ棬ǰһӡɻڹӡ
ӡ֮УԼһ̣ͷƿطӡڱһӡ
鿴ɻΪˣһɻʣ죬ΪΪǿʵӦܴﵽɻ۷壬Ҫɱˣ桢ͨ߶ħ»аա
־δӡڲܿϢӡ֮нںһ̾Ǵۡ
®ǧħ֮г֣鿴Ƭ̾ǿܴԿΪ󷨣֮ǰԽΪԴֿ󷨣ǼΪĿܴӦֻλɻʣܲãǿܴɻʸ߶ȣҲδ顣
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ܲһطӡ̶нɻʵʵӡ֮Ӧرλɻʷǳõı
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Ȼǰеţ˼ĥ󣬵ȷӡһƣǾͳֶȡбòҲҪõ飬֮汦Ҫõһܰװױǿߡ
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ɿע⵽ĺ꣬˵λɻʣλɻʣΪԽɻʣӦ죡
ΪԾһλɻʣ޵Ϊ
ɿֵϴ󣬶ԷϢ뽣Ϣ뽣̿ǷӡϢҲǳƣˣõعϢ
ٴ꣬˳֮⣬һɫӣ֪ʲô͸΢΢ϵĽ
ɽȷҲ顢ӡϢΪƣ˵Ǵ󲿷ϢƵġ
ͨĥĪǴõڲ뽣Ƶ
ϢǱһ֮⣬ϢؼΪ
氵һ̾ҲһߣɽֹһȻҲ֮ǰĺһŴߣôǽ󴫳ߣ
󴫳ߣ
ҲΪǵõĴУϲӵ뽣һϢ
ˣ´˷ǳҲҪõһһ͵Ϯ֣Ǿᱦõʱ̣˽Ըо浹ġ
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ҩ
ѵӡ֮ǵҩ
һΪǺεȲıҩ̫ˣȡ̻һ⣬ɵѳɽƵģҩ岻󣡡ͨƲƲ죬ϵʧ

ӡٴܿڲڲ״֮Уһ̳̳һЩһ񶦣ʯɣӦܾۼΪ档
֮УһŵҩͬҩŵҩϷ͸һЩâڵҩ棬ܿһƣЩơ
ӵйԡƵĵҩˣ桢滹ǵһμĵҩ


2255 Ʒҩ
ͨɿ֮ҲֻҪɿ˵ҲǴ֮еĵƷҩ
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Ʒ
Ʒ
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ɿ˵Ʒҩӵд۵ֻҪһ˿˿ɻͻƵ磬İһЩƷҩרΪɻʽƵģλɻõıͥ᰾ʿһƿ߳˾ֳϽɻʣҲƴõľϴȡ̻Ἰ⣬浤ҩ߼ҩҲв٣ûһöƷҩ㲻Խ𣿡
˲䣬Ȼ뵽һ⣺һ룬ȷ֣ûһƷҩ
ΪƷҩȥ򵽣Ʒҩֻϵƣһɻ޷ںϣһ򣬵Ʒҩ԰ɻʣ磬ԵڵƷҩգʮϸ񣬲õƷҩȥڶʹʱͻϤеܡ
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˼΢ףһɽΪƿɽʵȨԼõƷҩȥɻʣǿߣ
ԣԪɾ涫꣬Ҳа꣬һֱûͻƵоеƷҩԭ򡣡
Ԫɾֶʹ߲㣬Ҳ޷õƷҩ˵ǰӡ֮е񶦵ƷҩһɻɱΪ
ˣԪɾ˵һƷҩ޷ɻʽҲܰɻӵɶɽٳɹĿܣõһƷҩ٣ɿܳɹ
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Ȼһ֣Ȼ޵״̬УٿȻɿʵһŵƷҩҩӦ÷ǳֲɣ
಻Ҳ̫ԪɾʮԪ˲ιȽϣһŵƷҩҪϰٸ˲ιϸ಻ƣκһ޼֮ŵƷҩҲƷ֣֮ɵͬΪƳĵƷҩƷʡҩԴͬҩһƣӦþǴ֮еһƷƷҩƾɻӦÿǿһҩҲ޷ȫҩ
ҪͻɻʣȱһλԵҿԴͻɻʣһԾ
ˣ֪õƷҩҲͻɻʣ¾۷ΪҲ޷صƷҩһЩɵҩҲںϵġ
õƷҩֻҪһҩųҩָǣͳˣ
ȻãǵƷҩû뵽óɣǽɻΪƷҩֿɣҲҩΪͨҲܿҩͻƶɻʣɻҪͻһ磬ڵ죡
Ǿͳˡ
ҩ
ƺ̿ܣҲòҪ
Ʒҩԣͨҩԣˣһ®ǧҲпͻһ磬ΪǵƷҩ
ɻʡڲңԶҪ취õƷҩ
ʱ˿ֻ̣еƷҩ֪ͨƷҩĴڣҲûȥʲô顣
Щ˷ֵƷҩȻǷᣬ罫̸ϳӡǿȥὣ飬ҵȳûȡƷҩٳ˼Ƭ̣˶ᵤӡ
ǿϷ֣ӡϷԭҪԸǿߣʱֻƵý̷ӡ
תţɻطӳ֣ʱΪƷҩ»ܵҲԶһ֡
òö»ɻʵ߶֣ѳɹ޴͸ӡӿ뽣ڡ
ƣ
㣬ۿŷӡ󲻶ǿ߹˫һϡ
ַ𵴣ӡ֮УƿشḶ̌Ժ鱻ƻʶǱ


2256 ʵ

̼ţȻ뿪д֮ʵΪǿûдֻܱʿ׷ɱ
ԽֲԼʮϢӿġֻһҽУڷ󷨣ֲɳ󷽰ȥ
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ʱڰĺ꣬Ҳ̶ȻҲΪһɱâ롣
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ͨ桢ɿ̷ǿߣһӡ󱻾ڶƺö顣
󷨼ʧʱڲԼƷҩζһ
䣡
ƣɻʵڽӡһӡյˣһһǳǿߡ
ҩ
Ϊҩζ󷨳ɢΧĴȡǿŵһ¶Ŀ⡣
ǡĪǵƷɣ
һǵƷҩȻ˭һḶ̌ڴƿһӡ󷨣
Ŀ࣬Ǹ꣬Ϸ飬ɱ
ಣ
գۣ
ʩչһӡһץץһ񶦡
ֻһ߶ߣȻϵԼĵƷҩͷŵĹâȱʯӹҫĿ

õ񶦡Ʒҩһֲ࣬ұ
ԭǺɱƣͨ®ǧùǰħɷס
ڶϢɱըͽ®ǧͨ˲ƷֲǺһ֮
ۣѪɿ󿴵һĻٴͨҲˣͷź˰ĺڰħ
ɱһڰħһͣͷŻ綾𿪣һָµƷҩ񶦾ˣҿԷһ·ΪҵĶ֣
֮ܸ㣿û뵽潫ͬʱҲ񶦡ҩġ
ͻȻҴйɣдԴҲҽ󴫳߲ƲԲҵҩǶ
ǹ̫ţѵɽһʯͷǵĲɣ
ƷҩҲзݣ
ǿߴӺɱƻ
𣡡
ͻȻűɫһġ
ԷҪʩչ֪ǺӲɿ®ǧ桢ɿҲˡ
滽
ʱ˿̣ʱ·գһǺǿߣǺ꣬һƯӡ֮ϵ档
ݣ
û뵽ǺɫƮ˲䣬˽֮Уɳһڿޱȴ۵ķɽ
ɽոշɳʹԽɱɻʣԼǰ档
漱æһķɽһնþȻˣҲܵ𵴡
𵴣治ɻ֮߶Ѿ
ɿһں۽׷һ۽׽Уһɣ֮ÿһڷɽǵ۽װ

Ϣڶڵ۽׷ɽɱоһͬ㽫Ʒ
ۣ
꽣ɺ󷽣ɻҲɽɱ
һɻǿߣ߶ոսɱգͱһɽɽؿڴ̹һѪڴ˿ڡ
˲ɱһˣ
˻һɻʣΪټɽѾһвһ֮
ӣ
ɻʱһնɱѾ֪꽣޵ʵһҲնɱһɻʣΪɻʣԾλɻʣҲҪĽ¡
ǾȻڷɽɣ񶼲жԷɽ
ߣֻд߶»ʵһսܣѾõƷԷѪս̫㡣
ɿżˣž󣬷ȥ
ֵסһǾƿߣŰףɿϣҲɿ󶼲Ѫ
ಣ
˲ûȥ
ӦԶſܣ治򵥣ֵܵ湥λɻҲҪɽɱӣһڷɽ
Ҫ׷ȥͱ˵ɻʣ߶ɱ
ԭɱǣȴҪǾͳɱ
꽣תӽзɳһ߿ڷɽŵ۽˲Ϣһһɱɻʡ
ˡ
ɻʹû뵽꽣ޣʵֲ˵ز
мٶҲδӦ߿ڷɽѾնǵ壬𵤡ԪԱɽгƬ
˲ɱɻʣ
ǲɻ죬߿ڽһɱǣҲ˷ˣ»ǾɻʣҪסɱһҲǲҲˣƾǣ
ݣ
˲նǿߣ꽣ɾǳЦ벻м
߿ڷɽ뱳󽣺У꿴һɾܿסĲصϾȻӵмΪֲɻɻ
ಣ
Ʒδ̤۵ĻǽԶǿߴıң
꽣ڰ֮УȲĿ⣬ΧعΪһ״̬


2257 ۱
ٶ̫һһЩǵ»ӣϵ׷
ɿ桢ͨҲעźһһ
ҶЩħܶƴˣͨץѪźڰħͷš
ɿֹѷ֮Уխͨͷħ֮꽣ɱȻҪȾħ׷
˵ãӦ׷ħٶȱֶνħŲƣܼ׷ѱɿԽ˦Խ
ʯ࣬ͨɿѰŶͨǲҴ⣬ħ£ֱӦɱ˦ͨħ
¡
˿̣˽Թע󷽽ټǰдȻǰʮϢ׷һʿٶҲ졣
ɿһٸı䷽һԨǰϽȥ
ಣ
û뵽ղŸӦǸʿһҲԨ
ͨԷͬʱһһ꣬ʮӣ΢֣ģҲΪΣһֵҵĹӸ磬ƺӦ
ͬʱԲɿٶȣżԾԨ
Сӣٽ飬Ȼӽ콫ͷʮɻʽ⣬Ӱ׷
ɿҲ༸֮꣬ŵغгԽӣ³ĵ㲻࣬СүӶģ
Ȼ˵ͨͷħ赲Щ׷꼰أҪ鷳
СӿСܵõ飬ҲЩԸҲ꣬ͨĺٳһͷŴڰѪ
һ˫۾Ȼ֣ͨڰʿԾҼڰʿûѹȸУ
һͬ꣬ͦ⣺Ժڰ绹˽⣿
Ͼ˸оӦǴ壬ԴӣǹӸҲǹŵĽ
ûԹ⣬ûܣǵѱһֻɿҲһֱץһֻǰĺܣҲ೼ɿ֮УѰҲ񫣬ٶɿͷһ⣡굹ɿˡ
ħãʮɻסӦ꽣ɿ׷ˡ
ɿֻҪѰ·֪꣬ɿԱߣŴһͬ
ҲûбܿѵһСӲɣ߶ԷٶҲܾˣҪܿҲףŪɳ׾˻˳ˮۡ
Ҳ֪µżռ䣬һʱͣʱһֱڽϵתתʵδЩǿ˦Զֻǵθӣµؿ̫㡣
ɿеҩôѰһ֮أ·ʲôҲûŵҩȥɿ
һﻹǽ֮ǰͲ¶ˣʿСпɽƹС󻷾ǳףȱԴȱŲ鷳С
淢ΪҲƲɻʣΪб
ԭҪܿ淢ܿܺɿţ֮дӿʼ͹۲죬ֻһӣûʿĻδ򷢡
ͨ®ǧ֮ǰˣȽ֮꣬ãҪһӣͨ״̬ܲʩչ½֮С
պҲҪ飬ˣҲˣͽħڣҪڶ򵥵ĿܣѪơħɵħɽƵħܽħƳɷ
ͨڣá
ɣ
ǸӴнʵ̫Եʩչ߿ڷɽ붾ˡ˾һǿһսʵȻԽƹӣӳ׷ɱ
ΧžҲûж֮гʶ棬ͨ®ǧٴδ񾭣뵽꽣ɡ
ɻѪ֮ҲóѪɿɣȻҲҪ̷ꡣ
̺ǿɻʾĵҩöֵҩֻżȴҲûǿ
һɻѪǰ磬ҽл۱ɿҺϲҪøң
˺һžúЦ۱
ǸӣֱԵѾںϣȻܸ㣡
۱ģԺҲ£ɿ󣬶ţ磿
⵹ԣڲУ뿪żɣ滹ǴӦˣûзԵɡ
ٺ٣ããкܶ൤ҩ֪ɿҪɵãʱι۱ƺӣҲΪϻۣȥɿһࡣ
۱ԣɽ磬ȻʵֶΣҲпɽԺڴɽߵаû۱ûĻҲڴɽ磬ܽύһЩ
統ʶ²ڣƿ߿ճǣܵõƿ߳˼ʹϵҪԡ


2258 иƷҩ
Ʒҩ
ͬʱʱעӻ۱ȥǰһʶƺ«ռ䡣
ʱһ
Ȼ񶦵Ǻľҩ
Ʒҩ
·ĶƷҩζͿգҩƱȵ۸ΪʵǿᣬпֲƱλɻʻ¡
ֲõƷҩһɻʣɿܶȹ٣̤֮
󣬲ŻָʶٴʣǺöñϧֿܽɣ˰ԵĵƷҩֻҪɾͻܴ󶯾ص棬һ֮زŵƷҩڿԳɻʣ·棬ɻʾ룬ұԱֶΣ
޲ϰƷ
ִһܴ󶯾ֻ⴦֡
һȥɲپ״̬ϻ¡
Ųڰ£òٶȥþ뿪ѰطʼɵƷҩ
۱ߣ۱׼뿪д㣿
ұУҵҲң
۱źܸɾЦݣɿڻﶼȥȻȥ컯ɽ磬ⳡʢ֣ŻҪһŮӾ˫ʽҸȥŮģΣܱۿУ
ǻۣ
ɽľţһ˫޵ʽˣҲ֮
ۣԼûʲôʣνЦҲȥμ·棬ƻһʱ䣡
۱ˣǶҪȥ컯ɽ磬Ҳμ棬ÿҾȥɽ绹ܺ棬ҲɿҾ͸磬һȥ컯ɽ磡
ĬһÿǣҪҵطɣԼɻʡ
ʱɽٵĻѵҪŻ۱
ȵͷͻɻʱ䲻֪ʲôʱ򣬾û۱ţˣ˵ˡ
۱֪ͬˣǳˣɿ󣬶ɿǴб˲ռײռɵӷǳ
磬ҸղŴЩУһ飬Ҿ͸ˣ۱ץһâ
飡
â֮һȭͷСĽ⣬ϢޱϤǽ飬ǹϴĽ飬ɡɻϵŴã޼֮õ飬ŵ˵Ըıһ˵ˡ
ҡҡͷ̫ˣţ
۱Ҫǿ棺ûãҲ̸ã˵ҲȱҿɰΪʵ
滹Ǿܾ̫أ治ҪţȷǺöôҲ̫󣡡

һ˫ЦеĴ۾ͻȻɿ󣺡Ҿ͸ˣôҲ٣Ժںɽýȥںϸף࣡
Ҳˣˣɿɨһۣһӡ⣬һھ̽

㻹治ʱƿԣɿͲһڲףΪζ̶ʱ۱ϵôãӻ۱ռˣеҩԣн飬ִ˻ռ
󣬶Ե޷ݵã۱ðնĶ͸ɿ
濴۱ǸӣֻҪģֻҪԼ϶£ͻȥϲɿԾ͸˽顣
óҲ۱۾գһ£ֻ˵ǮǳǮһļ۸񣬱Ȼ̻һ⣬вƲ޷䱦
ֻҪɿ˾ͺã滹ǰҪһЩɿҲӦˣģԿ
ֲ˼죬ǻ۱ɿһﻹϲɿ
뿪;ӦһЩʿʱһ·ٸӦǧʿɻʣɼ٣ҲһЩڰϢϢǸ֪Ϲŵᱦ
Ϣӳɿ˷ɳǧ󣬲Ѱһɽ沼ô
Ӧ󣬻۱ҲϢɿһ𣬸оʵ׷Զûǿҡ
ˣ
ͨ뿪£®ǧ¶誡ҥҲ
ҪʼиƷҩֺöҩǶɻҲԳܣҪ󲿷ֳֶһںϡ
ʶƸռ䣬ɽ֮ǰԵƷҩһӡ
ƷҩǵҩҩֲҩҲǳ̣аɻʣͨʽ׷ҪиƷҩڴ󲿷ɻʶޱȼѵġ
еɻʾõƷҩҲ޷ɣΪ޷ŵҩɣͨɻҲ޷ҩϵơ
ƲһַҲҩ̶ɣҲ֮ҩۣһиƷҩʧ١
ʴ˶֮ǰѾͷŲ㣬һиƷҩҩըһᣬ֤ҩɣ˷ѡ
˿̣ҲǳСģԵҩҲн˽⣬ҩɲ𵤣һ壬ʿ䣬顢ʧҪʿʱʱ̿̿ơ


2259 ̫ƻ
ҩʣʦһδƣƷҩȻǧƳֵҩǿпҲֻһҩʧԵҩ̫ƻ
׼֮ǰҲɽһȥ
꣡
治Ǵ֮Уɽ磬Խƺ«ľһͽƷҩ
ҩ뵤ҩӿץʱ䣬ؼ׼ָͷСĵҩƬгɸҧƬ
ѪɣƶѣҩʧͷԪſҩ
ٽӡΪӡҩƬӡû뵽ƷҩƣȻҲλɻǰֲҪ׷ӡҩҲ򵥣ֻܶɻµطӳ֣ɻ𽥷ӡҩƬҩɢʧ
ڶʱڷӡҩʧ֮󣬵Ʒҩͷˡ
ЦҡҡͷⲻǶԸǿУֻиƷҩȻȫԸƷҩϵƶɣԼĲ࣬ɻʵĲࡣ
˵λɻʣʵλɻʲҲܴ
Ʒҩպöһݣɿ󣬸˴ңô֮󣬿ֲҩһᱻ۱ˣҲһݣֵƷҩֻһҩֱ΢ҩֻܷӡ绹۱һ飡
룬뿪Ƹ
ع鱾֮ɿ۱Ʈһâ΢ζѾ޷ӡ
˭۱һߣûɣƷҩ
ĺܡ
ͦ⣬˲ܱ۱ˣâ۱֮ǰģҷֿܶݣҼзݣ
öƷҩɵĴƷɻԴ֮ıҲˣպŵƷҩҲ޷ɣһСƬչʵ
˴۾
Ϊ۱׼䣬˼ֱӾˣ͵ԼҵĶ
ͨˣ
Ȼȴӿ۱ĲƷҩƺǰֻ΢Ҫȴδ䱦Ʒҩ
Ÿ桢ɿѾƸСţŸͨ
ͨҪҪ¶誣ͿԼģ֮ԽҩƬ®ǧ
˾һݣһݣɻʣҲ޷ֱɣƷҩӵƴʦķԼ۵ۣɵƷҩڳһЩɻʳİݡ

ɿ浱͸ڣƿռСţҲƷҩͨѪɣЧһɹǿҩ类ǿ߻֮У޷ѹƣڴڷա
Ϣ֮󣬴ֱѪΪǱǸϽӡҩѹƴ󲿷ҩŻָ

Ʒҩҩʮ֮һҲޱȿֲӴҲ޷ܣ
淢ֻ۱µҩ֮Ҳܵ𵴣ͲˣǵƷҩԭ
졭Ȼɻʡ
ɿҲ۱ڴڣͨ涼ص֮С
ֻڣдʱ뵤ҩںϣ
ƿ֮УܸӦ۱ԼɿϢ
֮ҩڣƮš
֪ҩɿӡƷҩɲǿ漱æӡؼβһЩҩ֮һӷӡ֮ɢ
ԴƷҩںϣزںϣȻԼѪѪ⡣
ž
Ȼֻһ˿˿ƷҩڰɵҩɻѪ࣬ǿһЩΪһӳ֣ӦǴ֮еķ
زطֲԼСըɸһЩƷҩҩӿšԺزԼͷؽԿʼСըָо봫֮еĹඥϴࡣ
漤ЦȻ³ɻ̤ɻʣⲻ󣡡
ƤΪƷҩٶʣһҪҩĸоƷҩѸɣҪʱһÿһѪںϡ
ʴٴƷҩҩȻ岻Сʱʱ̶̿ҩڷ״̬
淴õƷҩһ飬͸֪ңĴ֮ǰƷҩͨɵûдôŪˣ޷ƵƷҩںľ飬ں״̬
չöɲĴѪںϷͨ뱾רںϵƷҩ
Ʒҩޱȣҩȷ߼ɵԭƷҩϧƶɡ
һ˿˿ѪðѪݣѪѪըѣЩѪʡ
ѪڽѪ޴ɣѪҲʱʱðѪݣЩѪݽƷҩȫںϷ˶ںϵƷ۵Ϊ


2260 ɾ
ʮ긴ʮȥûֹͣͨ®ǧһ桢СţСںϵƷҩ
Ϳ꣬ͨͻȻһͷ˿˿
һҪͻƶɻʣͻһ磬ȷɡɡʥʱ̫ࡣ
ͨ뿪ȥͻƣɿжŴ󶯾ĪӣҲ۱ڴ
Ʊ˸Ҫס
ʱִ̣ŴһصȻ
̤ͨɻһʱ䣬Ϣħɷ޴ת䣬Ʒҩζħɷ֮д
ԿƷҩ֮ǰ꣬Ҷ޷ͻƶ죬ںϵƷҩһ꣬ͻƶ죡
ͨϲͻɻһ磬̫ˣһᣬĻᣬҲһᡣ
ֵƷҩҲںһ֣һںϣƽҪͻɻʣҪܳʱںϵƷҩҩҩԱͻ֮ǰںϸѡ
꣬ȲںϵƷҩһ꣬Ƕķ̣ζбûбͨˣԡ
ʮһĵƷҩͨͻƶ죬ͻɻʣѷǳˡ
Ҷڴͻƶ֮ͨɻѪ࣬ںҲ׶ˣĿǰԣǰǰҪںϣҪԺӣѰǻʽףǵ۽ס
ٸӦչʵŵƷҩȫôʵ
ƷҩҪÿ˶ȫںϣҪӽǧʱ䣡
ǧʮξˣʵֻҪһ꣬ȻҲҪʱֻ֮Ҫ꣬ҾܽƷҩںϡ
ʮٴδ߶δֽɿ󡢻۱
£ȻչöɲںϷͨһעںϵƷҩ۵ǡ
Ȼһںص㣬ӡɽʯɾ粻ں϶٣Ҳи
Ҳż֮ǰһֱѰһԵͻɻʣԵڣҾɽͻɻʣʱںϵƷҩԼͨ
ܿ붨뾲״̬Ѫ״̬ȻððѪݡ
һ滹ûͻƣ뿪£ʮꡣ
Ҿڴ֮ػأ۱ҲͨӵһصĿռ䷨ڷ࣬Ϊȫ˲Žռ䷨
Ȼ桢ɿ󶼲Ὣ˵֪
غϣʮ꣬ͻȻ֮г֡
ӿ취̳ɣԼ֮ɽȻΪ棬Ҳ㹻
桢ͨ®ǧԼ¶誶һУҲΪ
Ծ¶еƷҩϢȻͨҲҩںϡͬʱ¶ϵѪ޴ڣ桢ֲͨķӡⱲע޷ӳȥͨѪǶһ޶ģ뿪ͨ·¶課ҲԶ޷ⶾĥᶾĥ
ͣ
ȥȻ֮ؾ
һֲըѪĽǿѪնžγը
ѪǿǲѪеͻƶ۱ֹͣУȻͻơ
Ȼ֪۲ڴˣͽ֮УûܿκβĲû취ء
һЩѪѪͻΧԵ֣Ҳڷ״̬
˲󡢵زѪԪһ̣޷ƣһ㱬Ҳˡ
ʮ죬ϽɻѪѪ߼ҩ˲ιԼʣϽ֮ʼ
õϵĶԴʣ޼ʮ˲ιʣʮֻʣ¼Դư󣬾ͱˣʣ¸߼ҩ䲻٣ЧѱȲ˲ιû뵽ô죬̻Ἰ󱦿ĶԴͱǼˣ
ЦȻкܶԴܸǴôԴ
εôƷҩҪƴԴͻɻʣʱҪ屶Ҫǧʱ⣬пͻɻʡ
еƷҩֻ֮Ҫ꣬аͻɻʡ
𵤡زѪѪͨԪܣһȫҲ
ɾ죡
ʱڽǵƷҩҩɼͻƾ죬󲿷ֹͽƷҩͻγɲµѪϣҪͷʼȰһҲζΪҪ̤۷壬ҪȰһʱ䡣
Լɣ찡ɻżһ̤ɻʣһصͥһҪ̻ᡢɽ䡢ǶˣմɹѪˣһ˭Ҳ޷赲ɱ⣡
ͷŸй٣ܸӦʮһжƿΧﵽ˲գΪͨ


2261 ʴ
ͻƾ죬òİ꣬ɻʣҾøʱͻƣϵƷҩ⣬£ǧ꣬ҲֻҪһٶӡ
ֽ֮֮пޣ
ھʣĿɿڴĻ۱ͬһˣɿڰСβ͵ҼҪͻɻһͻɻʣ뿪ɽ磡
۱ɿ󣺡ͻɻʣȻɻ֮еľţֻҪʱ䣬һ뵱ɽ綥ƽƽ˸ˣ
ҸˣҲҵѣҵӦ㣬ԺҲոһֻҵͬ࣬ʱԴʱգ
һΪ
˭Ҳû뵽۱ϲɿ󣬻Ϊѣ
£
ͻƾ죬Ҫʱͷʼ̫䣬߶öɲΪһѪ¿ռڡ
Ʒҩҩһ˿˿ɢȫ֮Уȫϸ沨״̬ƶɻʵĿǿңֻԼȻƷҩںϣܲǧͻɻʡ
ػ֮г̶ȣȷԽ̫࣬Ѿ꣬оʵ̫̤۷壬ͻףҪʱǶԷͨĳ

ͬһȺɽֺɽ󲿷Ƿ棬޴ڣ÷ûɫʣޡ
һ̿ƲԽȺɽƺ·ɽΪһ壬ֺȺɽһ޼ʣ֮һꡣ
ǰڽ·棬ҪƷƺ«Ľɡ
һӡǰƺͻȻû¶󷨡
Խ󷨱ʿԽ񣺡ʦ֣
ʦܣǼɹɽ£һЩ¿ɼ¶
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һ˵ڲһƺ«ֳһ
һŰüѹͣʶˣŵĵӣ
Ҳ֪ǲţλʦֿ֪ͨʩչƣܿӡģ
ǿ棬ΪȻǽģ̻
һɣǸӵƺ«һػᣬҹɽƺ«ҪУܱ˵õ
Ҳ˼
˽ѰңǻҪҪ
ּԷһ¡

ٶ꣬Ʒɴ롭
ڣ
һδ֮뿪ص
֮ǰͻƾ쵽۷壬֮ϰ꣬Ҳꡣ
һΪ̤ɻ۷壬ͨں״̬Ҳһ˿˿ҪͻƵĸо
˵ҪͻɻʣͲһ
ָ֮оͻɻʣ˵ƿȡɽںͻɻʡ
΢΢߶ӡԼǿʯںϣ֮ڣһ־ΪܸܵѪζ
⼸ԴƷҩں֮УǲһӦôõƷҩԼԴҲЧ
붨ֳ꣬Իָտõķӡ
Դͻɻʡ
õķӣٴӣԴԼͻơ
ѪɻѪɵϵƷҩʼžȫ𵴣ѪϡѪѪԷС顣
ⲻ֪ڴʮɴԴԼ棬ȻӡƻΪһͻ
ҪͻɻˣԶĻ۱һ

۱Ϊ治һ㣬һЦͨɿ󡢻۱뿪Ϊ
ͬʱͷŴôʼ죬ﵽʮͣץɽһʯƷʯͷգʯٻһ̳
ϾҪһɵʮ
Ʒҩ֮һҩδںϣÿͻɻʣ̤һɻʣɻʻкܴ
󷨡̳úã׼ԴɻѪɵʮ˲ιóڵƷҩЩԴͻɻʲȱ
ʱƯڷ̳Ͽգڶʮۣ֮ͷڰһʱΧΡΡ
һȴȥֱһ꣬߿ƷڣΪڰա
⣬ʮҴ֮ɫԱֳĬ
۱̲סһȻߺƾʮƴѰɶɻʴ٣ҲҲʮƳԽʮֲöɽٴҪöʮ
κδٽҪ屶ϣɿɻʶɽٳ棬ȻɣҲ亹


2262 ôֲ
۱Ȼ֪ܣ˽֪ɽǶôֲ
ƻں¡¡γɣʮ嫣оҪɽ٣ҪʩСͽ䡣
һЩ׵硢籩ڽƷڣ׹⡢ԽҫۣԻΪѪ⣬ڿֲ𵴡
۱ϻ۵񣬱þѼˣҵģɻʴױȣӰƱػᱻ˲˿ܻᵨûɱ֣ᱦ
һߣ˭Ҫˣ
СΪóֶڴΧ䣬棬Ӧ½㣬ҸΧѲߣͨѹ͸Ҳδ٣㻽®ǧ¶һҲŴȥ
۱ɿϣȥһЩΪȥƲ֮ͷ츳Ӧ
֪ʲôʱʼ߿հԳΪѪɫ棬Ĺ﷭ڣ׵硣
ɻʴ˳̶ȣӰ֮⣬Ȼ֮Ȼɣﵽɻʣ
ӦҲѲܸӦΧ󲿷ֶ
ϽԽڴʱ߿ͻȻͷȸ£ٻںϣһɫγɡ
滹ǵһڴ֮УֽɫƳ֣Щ˼һشٶǳ
Ҫ̶ȣһͨԾʵһԵһشĥƬ̣ͨһɺۣһһСͨ˲ա
䣡
·ըһ㣬ʮƣͻȻ׹һһĽɫơ
ɫƿƣ󲿷ֶǽɫٻ߿׹䣬յÿռ
ᣡ
Ϸͨ
ͨͻȻΪһ㣬ԭѾӡ
໥ζ·߿վǺԾٶһشٽɫơ

ٶȳɫƣױȵײڽɫƵײٶ˲ơ
ȻȻҲںһӡ֮

գۼ䣬ɫƾͿʼΪײƣɫֻʧһЩȻԿֲ顣
һشѾ۷֮ǵڶѾɻʣĿ΢΢һȻһؽɫ
ʩչӡԸֲ˫γ
ӡӦɱ֮󣬴㵮һͨԿֲ֮
ಣ
ѹưϷƿնȥֻɫҫ̵޷۾
һ¡͵ıըǽɫķѣըɫƬɢ֮⣬ɫĢƮ
ʩչɻܻһش٣ڶش١۾עѵñ棬¶ԸǿУҲûȫע
ʱڶɫƣΪɣ໥һ𣬱ȵһؽɫƽһȦϲѹ²ƣһԵһشĶࡣ
˫Լ˸󣬳ӡǣ˫һģӡǷ·ȥӡֻɫ΢΢
̧ͷ䣬ڶؽƺѹռѹó־һɫʯɱ档
ֲ˹
ؽƣССӵз·𿰱ȾһڶؽƵײϡﻩ顣
ɫƬըΧǽɫٻڷա
üص亹Ȼڶش٣ٸѹ޷ʴӡ
Ȼ޷ʴӣξη㣿
Ц֮󣬿ؽɫϮһʩչӡɱȥ
ټɻʴ٣ֱӵɻ֮۱ڴ֮⣬ɿڰ
۱գΪһƬ죬ҲΪ
ƺδ˿ֲ⻹Ƕɻʡ
شҲԾջ飬Ƭ£Ѿڴ߷ӡ׼ش١
֮⣡
һЩԶȥӳƬ
춯ʿԶ𽥿أһ̲סɶɻʣɻʴپȻֲ˵زôܣﶼǽƣ֮ǿѹһЩɻʵĴҲֻԶԶߣ
ɽһɣҪ٣ѡɽ磬ɽΣյӦòǴˣ
һͻȻ¶ɷı飬Ǽ𽥶밵
⼸⣬˷һЩʿ
룡
Ѿʩչӡؽɫƣ𵴣Ƭ׹ÿռڷգЩƬܽһɻ
ڰˡشٱȻɻʶ֮䣬ش٣ӦɻʱȻҪʩչǿȫһʱ棬϶ʪ
ܻش٣ʩչɻʵҲ۷һܽٴ顣


2263 һΪ
񣬽Ҫ㣡û뵽ֵҲ÷ٵһ졣
ʵа취ɻʿʬʩչΪ١
ûаգ֪ε鷳÷٣Ϊ򵥵ķӡ
ʮϢ
ոջ治ɵ΢΢ݣȻܷʿ桢ɿͨҲܷ⡭
û뵽ͷһɽ٣˵ǡ
Ҳ֮УϾɻа嫣ַǳ죬ĶȻС˷Ҳ
ʮ⣡
ͨ®ǧ¶һŴϣǰ
ĺðӸպɵƷҩʵ٣ٺ٣ɱһЩɻʣƳɿܣϤЦͨѾ߶𿿽ǿߡ
ֹʵ®ǧ¶ʵһҪ࣬ԼҲͻס
һգ
۱ɿϣµЦһʮɻʣмɻʣ쿿ȥ
ɻʬ˺ãǸ߽ɻʣʬҪţɿһɶ೤Ż۱ɶ·ӳðֺ
ΪɫһɻޱȽֳɽͨٶȿǰһػƽٵ
ɻʴپȻӵɻһ죬Ǵﵽ죬ǿֲҵɻʴ˿ֲɻʣͱĨɱɻȻɵ٣ϸ̰
˭ףٵˣȻ򵥣ϱر칦
ಣ
һɫӰӣͻȻϷ˳
ݣ
ɻŵȫ߶ɽ̳

Ľ棬ûлɫӰӣҧס
ҧסȻɿֻݲ˷
ɿա󡭡ʱղŴڵĹΪλҧҵĽɻʲɿײеĿ⣬ͻȻЩ
ɻʣҵʵ㻹е࣡ɿҧס治ţ˵ˡ
ಣ
ڴʱһһµĻ۱ɱһƾ
ˣѵǿҾȻ޷֣ǿɿתɱâ
¡
۱ƾΪԵԷâɣҲ飬۱һƣƾǿ߻ɻʸվ飬Ҳɡ
ɿûһҧסԷ첲͸ǿѾ۱ˣĻɿ
иɻʣǲźЩ۱ӣɿѹǿߣ
أ
룡
󷨶ܶƯڴ֮ϣ񽫵ڰشһƻ飬»飬ƬҲſɻʻ棬ԪԴ˿֮С
ʱһشɱ潫ʵ۷壬ȻδɻʿԸ١
ȫܿɻʣûоҲʵش٣ðգҲԼ澳
شپһŽɫ«ƣһѹһɱ
ɱȥսʤһƻеһƣͽķѣ󷽵Ľӡ治ϴ߶״̬£Ծѹ顣
ѾĲۺʵǿ󣬵ҪԸɻʸ߶ȵĴ٣Ҳǳ
ڽһشٴ飬ڶؾϴ٣ֻʣ֮һһЩ͵ӣó취Ը١
ϴٿҲɻʶ졢˻ͨɣµһϴ٣ܽѪĭɥҲɻʸ߶ȣΪ
ϴٵĿֲöԶҲ޷̤ɻʡ
꣡
֮оȻҲǽɫ׽٣һɫȻӽ֮ڸ߿ס
߳壡
ɫڵڶϢͻ档
ͷȫƤǽɫ̱䡢ߣͷðѪƤִĿĵѪۣԼĤ֮µľ
ʹ
ʹһޱȣûкһĬĬסʮָԼĶץơ
Ĥ֮Ѫ޷׽֮ͳͳ飬Ҳ𵤡زءͨԪ׽֮³Ѻۡ

ƣڶϴ׽Ϯ
ͷһѪѪ̴죬о˾Ϳ챻ʬ
𵤡زءͨԪָ˺ۣȻϴ٣ԵȻͨԪزԼ𵤡
ھŵϴ£κһǿ޷׽ϴ裬һˣôҲɽʧܣ㲻ҲֻܳΪһɢɣԶ޷ͻɻʡ
ⱲҲͻˣ
ɼɻʴٵ
ѪģõУ񳹵δҲѪգ׽ٻڼ֮лָ
׽ٸΪͷһֵָѪۣ˵ڶپѪ顣
沢δȫ߶Ըϴ٣Ѿо԰գѰ״̬סϴ٣Ҫ߶ѪԿϴ׽١


2264 ɻһ
üϴ٣ҪпСֻɣܳסֻ˵̫أΧƯѪ
һ׽١
ʱ棬˵ϣһѪѡ
ǵһ٣˵أƺˣһѩһ
ͣ
ھϴ׻ŵɫͷ򣬵ƤѪппѿڡ
һǿ䣬ôͻᱻھŵ׽ٵг⣬
ǲѪöɲ˵زҲȻûѪ
Źˣ
һϴ׽ڳƻ
ȴһ㣬ԵЦɻʡ˴սɱ𹼸ңһΪʣ
Ҳ׳־׽ȻܿʧѹһЩɫĻ콵٣֪һ̣Ҫٴξܴ顢ϴ裬մӾɻʵ塣
ɫڣǳͬʱҲ¡¡ըÿѪϡѪⶼڱը
һαըÿط޷⣬𵤡ͨԪһը飬ƺ汻ǿߺɱһ㡣
ҲΣյʱ̣ʩչһƣԪ񡢽𵤻顣
ɫ棬죬Ųٱը飬ҽɫٻΪһžջ棬ڽɫٻ֮Уʼӭܡ֮
ڣ֮Ϊɻ֮壡
𵤡زءͨԪˣһҲˣǧ꣬ǵһ˵زԴٲ˽⣬Լֻ·һ
ȻڿʼܣѪѪ״̬𵤡ͨԪѪɫŽɫٻա
Ѫ״̬ܣƤ˷˿֮У
Ϊʣɽ罫ΪҷƣܵܳĽ𵤡ͨԪ»һ룬Ѿ׸о֮⣬Լڵһж
ɿ󡢻۱ͨ¶誡®ǧڶԸɻǿߣһЩǿڰ֮óȻ
ٲ鷳Ҫ˵Σɻ֮廹ܣһ̶
ڼһö˲ιһ̺һɻʾѪϵƷҩһںϣɻٶЩƻмܽ
ѪѺ۽ʧƤСһۣǿ֮е̹⣬ضﶯ
ڽ𵤡һҲᣬڼȡ֮
ͨԪŹĵ·գҲԪ̶զ࣬Ԫռ䣬ɡʨǵǿߣֱԪܿ
֮ǰɻ֮壬ˮڣŸԴںϣ֮ΪӿҲڻ
Լȥ죬ӱ濴壬ûκѰ֮һͨˡ
Χ֣δȥ
ԭǽȻת֮Ҳںϣܿӵеĵ۱ǰ֮࣬Ĥ֮µѪҲγһѪɫס
زѪѪҲɱ䲻٣Ѫ˿˿ȷգһ罭оֱɣѾʼָ
̣
Ȼ춯淢Ѿָٽɫ֮ȥ
Ҫˣ
ȻҲζӴԺ󣬾һɻʡ
ɻһ죡
õľ磬ͻȻ·ǰ̤ۣ֮ͬ˷ܵ棬Ϊ
˫ͫ˿·ͫô߶Ѿ˫ͫںϣͫʱܱڰĹԡ
ºٲųʧȥ
ΧյĽٻ𣬽ʧֻڷ棬Բʮ룬Ǵ󣬿°Ҫɺ
˲ѹָ䣬󷨻ָóƷʯָһһɻոʯ棬ƷʯȻ˲ڻ
Ҫ֪ƷʯӲȣͨɻʣȻвһ֮գʵôֲ
ո·̳γɣɵķ̳Ĵ룬УͻһɻʣҪɻ֮Ҫʱ̡
ಣ
һ˫ü
¶Цݣ˵桢ɿ󣬷Ǹһɻǿ߽պҪΪʵ
ԪϴͻɻʣޣԶͨƣĪҪðնԸˣ
ֻһ˿˿ҲԶһЩͨòʵĿ̤ɻʣ֣ܵӦһ䣬Ӧ֮УɿͷŹɻʡ
һɽ١ɻڼ䣬ʮǿɱٽԱͨɿ󡢷¶誡®ǧɱ

ϢһӶʮｹֺ֮֮УɻһٶȾ˲һˡ


2265 ֮
գۼҲڵڶϢһѾԽʮǰǧ֮⡣
ԷݣҲ֪ݣٴκԷɱڣһɻΪԥɱֲâն
֣Ǹɱϣϧң
СӲ񣬲ͻɻʣʱ޷ͨɶ޷Ըһɱ㣬Ҫȡб˲٣㶨Ȼӵ챦Ȼ䣬âɽɱͷɡ
ָֻڽâͷ߰գһöָԸٶȼסâ
â𵴣ɳҲƾ˳ֻﶯһЩ
âûƣɱָסâڶָΧѿ
ɻһעɽԸǿѹ棺㲻ɻһ죿Բǣͻɻʣӵ˼̲ɻ֮壬ֻжɻʣпָӲһ
Ϊβһ죿ӦÿҲŶɹ٣һ磬ֻͻǧ꣬ʽ׷࣬أΣǲҲֵˣ
¶޺ЦݣָɿͬʱͻȻһָڽ֮ϡ
䣡
һըѣͽɳ飬еǿڻʽɽһָ֮ôǿֶ޷ץס
𺳵ͨǴ֮
ͻȻԵȵֱֻͨҸһѡҳҲɱ㣬Ӵߵ࣡
ֻһ½ɻʣͻɻʣͬȾ磬ʲôʸһɻʣҪѹң
ͺã˵ʩչȫղһֱָ֮ҪʩչͨܲܽסǻͿԼ
Ϊ֮ϣۼʶҲ޷ȣ˿ҾͿж
㣡
ɱ
ɻܵ裬ɽͻȻģΧһڿڽâںϻΪһԲν̣ڲԿš
һŽ

ֻһᣬڶԷ˫ƿؽɱ֮ʣγһɫ
ײн̣ڴݿȻ飬ɻʲܻߡ
ȴѾˣֱֱؿڣ˲һȻѪΪѪΪѪۡ
ͬȾ磬㻹ǧɻ֮ܣȴסȫһԼһɱ
ûһ˿֮ɫԷɱģ˸
ҲԷѡֻѡպѰ۹ȥһˣǰԼ̫ߣԷŵ̫ͣԼ
ˣɿһŻ۱ƸղŻɱǿ߹̣ҲĿá
Ѫǻ۱ҲЩݣֽкãͻһɻʣ֮λɻʣʱһնɱͬȾɻʣƵȴʵָܻɱɻʣٴɽţԽ׻ʵţҲ֮ˣǸۣδɾͣһڻۣ
ɵ˵Ҳȣ
ⲻǱȣ磬ɵ棬Ҳģо仰˵ĺܺã뵱ʿǺñΪһųԽ˵뷨ģǰһˣ˵ɵģ˼
ɵģ
ҪģҪģ
תۣͨҲֻɱʮˣʮЩ֪
˵ҲܾҪһطһҪΪڶԼɻ֮岢˽⣬һո߾磬ҪͷʼǶ̶̼ɡ
ΧһЩǿ߿ӣɿŴҿȥ
Ѱһһ޼ʵĸԭʩչ֮󣬲ú÷̳ҪȻ֮УԼ̤֮ɻľ磬Ψ֮ʵ
ϡʼƿش֮ЩӦأ֮ͨƿأ󸽽ͼϵѹ
ھ磬Ҫȥƿ̫֮ǲʵģÿͨһ֮ʱҪ΢ͨӰҲ
֮ӿڣ֮澹о֮ںϣϢԱȲ֮ԴЧҲȲ֮
ɾʱδı仯ҲʱҪ֮ҲɻҲĪϵ
ֲɻʾΪϻߣɻʲ֮ںϣ޷̤ɻʣԶͨˣ
ޡϡ֮̾ҩԴЧ֮࣬ϧ֮ȻֻмһЩ޷ɻʴȥգ
Ʒҩ
ȻԴԳ֮
ɰͻƾ죬ֱɻʣһеƶʵǵƷҩеƷҩʱʵͺԡ
õƷҩһ˿˿ҩҩܻ֮һЩɻ


2266 Ϊ
̫ϡ٣ͨ޷ֻܴʼСǧԼǧʱ
һڴܸ֮֮оԼ̫ɣȻ
Ͼƿص֮ޣҲΪ̫ϡ
ֻȴ
ɻʴı仯ǳˣ߶ڵز㣬ζٶȱʱڿֶһЩغƣǳ󾭹꣬ӡǺۡ
ǺۣʱʱһЩģ֣֮·Խ߶־ľͶһЩ
һ仯ĸͷһȦǰֻаߴСһ߶Ȼ򽣬̫֡
ȫϢγɣͳͳ̬γɵ
볢ɻΪ̤ɻʣÿһںϱȻͬб仯ˣ̫٣ʱȥںϷֻľ
һɻԦڴ״̬Ҳ泩٣ֿʼ߶Сǧȫ֮·ڴ߶طʱ˳Ȼȥһʱա
ĵ±ǰΪʵͨԪںһҲԪںϣͨԪģϵĵۡԪӡǾ羧⽻ɡ
عգֻܴһһֱ͸Ըоطĳֻйĵ³֣ˣҲܵ
ͨԪѾǳʱȫͬ
ע⿴ӡӡͬ֩ţѪһѪѪڴѪ֮УҲΪǿ
ΪͻɻʣҲΪٳոµѪϣѪ϶ˣܳظѪѾΪ䣬Ѫ֮
ٿ
̬֮һشĥɵĽɫ顣
ĵۣһ㡢һǱŽ𵤣ǳ䣬΢΢תţʱȿһǺӣǷڻϿգһ˿˿ɫ˿ߣʱʱŻת޵ĳ֡
۵ǣ۵ĴУױȣ̤ɻʣӦÿʽ˰ɣȻɻʾ޷յҶٿԴ߷һЩΪо֮һ
ʱֿһЩ߲Ϣʱʱڽ֮ͷš
ԭ߲Ԫ
߲Ԫ̤ɻʣȴûڲѾûһ߲Ԫ߲Ԫںϣû߲Ԫǽ֮лϰԵĿֲ
߲֡ԪӡЩͨҪ
ֻΪһЩعģǰϤħ߲ԪѪ̫ࡣ
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ע仯һϺڣĹϵһ𣬶Ѫ֮еѪÿһŶޱޱޱ
һԱʱڵľҪ伸ʱڴ洢࣬ζɻǿ󣬵ҪʱȥУֲúܶǿߣͻһݡ
ɻղ֮࣬һЩ֮ܽȻ꣬仯Ҳ΢΢ڿԷͨںϷ
֪Ѿʮꡣ
΢һЩȻ΢ɾ磬ƶʮʱѾ۱ȴʱʮ
ɻѪ
ͨȡһɻѪΪںϣҪĶһɻѪһںϣɻѪǿ󣬷ûںϣһɻںϡ
ƷҩڱһڣҴӰ̤ɻʣϵƵĴҩҲŵõҩʮ֮һ͸Ҵ˾ɱ䣬ԺҪ취õĵƷҩ˵̫࣬һҲôͻһ磿ǿϧһɻʵɫƷҩںϡ
ɻѪԴ֮ʵһѭ򽥽״̬
Ƕʮȥ濴γȭͷСɻһһ״̬̫̫ϡͨںһ
֮ͨУȻɿ۱ȥᣬҲûܾ£κɻҲκβʵ۱ɿ
ڣͨʼǧط뽣ںϣʼԵħΪҪһ
Ҫаգһ͵շ飬Խ鿪ʼںϵħ


2267 ɻ֮
桢СţڼںϵƷҩԼɻѪȻҪԲС̷Ʒҩ֮ͼںϸһ׼ҪŴҽȥ
ʵǳˣƶɻʵǰҲһ졢죬岻ڶʱһҪ࣬һжǵƷҩԵʡ
ȻǴںɽʼ
ɻѪԼԴû֮ٿ濪ʼ΢ںϷ
Ѿ˽ɽںϡ
ɻעɽϷȻһЩֻ΢΢һ㣬кܶⲼɻעɽڲٶȺֻǱʱ΢һЩ
ģɽܿһЩ۳֣ԼˣʱҪһЩٿо
̤ɻʾȻҲںɽɻʴֻںϻʽ׷ɽӦǵ۽׷ɻҪںϵ۽׷Ȼף뷨̫棡
һںɽӿٶȺڲۺܶһۣռ
ʮںɽûжɫҲʲô仯֣ͽɽս𵤾
ںƸ
«ںΪһڲ͵棬һһЩ޷ںϡ򿪵Ĺ󷨡
£ںϣܳʱ䣬ֿһЩ󷨣õջ񣬾Ǳ«ڲռִһȦ
ͬʱյ󷨣һ߶«һٶȣʱڿ
ˣ̤磬Ҽںϣ黯ΪСк棬һںϴ
һ죬ңԶ
ͻɻѾǳѣҪɻͻƵ磬ǵǿߣ
ӡ
Ҫںڴ󲿷ַӡ
ϹʥľȻģںϣҲ紫ǰ㣬δҲƿһɽ硣
ɻӡٶȱںɽ٣ģӡɻֵ֮ǳͼʵһЩһЩڴӡͷһ˿˿˿һֻǼưˣͷųںϡ
ôһ㣿
波øӡӿһЩγԣ޷ӡ
ӡԵʥƵķģҲԺ
̤ɻʾ仯ҲǺԵģڴ֮ǰӡֻϢֻͷһЩϢ΢ͬɻӡͷһЩںϡ
ĪջҲһõĿʼںһ˿ӡǳտҽ֮еĻ򣬾Ȼӡ
ӡƺ仯󣬿ȥһת·뷨һ
ѵӡǿռ
˭õӡܿһɽ磬ϸ룬ȷܣǿֶΣΪƿȻռ䣿
ˣ
ʱƯӡɽʯΪӡͷں϶֮
ʯоȾһ㣬ӡϢںϣͷһЩϢںϣʯҲһЩ
ӷõʯһεõʯںǧ̤꣬ɻʲųɹںʯ
עʯϣʯϢ뾫֮УȻоʯϢҲתٶȼӿһЩʯϢоҲһƿȻ
ʯӡϢЩƣвͬĵطʯϢƺӡһӵķϢ໥ںϣδų֡

ȻһЩϵֻɻΪĿǰ޷ƿ󱦱ˣ
㡢ɽƸӡб仯ʣʯס
崫ֻʯػߣʯ׵ǿ벻Բ塣
ʯǳƸ⣬Ϊ˽һڲʶ
ɻʼʯںϣոںϣ͹ȥ֮꣬ʱ䷨Ѿֹͣ
û취ֻʱȥȻ
صڣϿʼԼ֮û뵽ںϷںòնĲ١
Χ۱ɿӰӣҲ֪ȥˡ

֮֮˴ƣ״̬˲оƮƮġ
Ȼӡʯɽйأ֮ǰҴ߶ӡɽһЩӦ̤ɻʣӡںһʱ䣬ӵпռ䡢Ϊ
ΪҪ֮ܲףʮϡ߶ӡأ
һͷȻ¶ڴЦݡ
뷨ǶԵģôӵո֮ζܱȱո֮ʵȻ졣


2268 ͫ
ڽ߶ӡΧںϡ
ں֮󣬴Ѿںϣڲӡһ̣ӡһ
ˣ
ʼ߶֮⣬ע֮ı仯
ȥ֮ʼûʲô쳣Ȼһ˿˿ۼţ𽥻Ϊһ̾γɼɴڴ֮⡣
ȻУô֮ͨԶɻյ֮Ҫ
ӡȻܿȻء
ںţ֮һֱûΪƮ֮⣬ͨһգ˴֮ͨƵģץ֮
֪ȥʮ꣬ѾϤӡȻںϣҲ֮õȻ΢Ҳǿ֮ͨ
꣬ʮ꣬ڽֻͨص֮С
ӡĪ⣬֮ɽĸӦԺ׸ǰ⣡״̬֮ǰã渧ӡصʯ
ʯף
֮ǰûʱ䣬ʱ䷨ָʯںϡ
Ԫʯ׾ƯţʯװΧںϣʯײ΢΢һЩɫͷš
ʱԽʧԽԽǿʢʯҲӿһЩһ˿˿Ϣںϡ
ҹĵΪЩϢԽԼʶʯ׵ںϣʯ֮С
Ҳ֪˶꣡
ͻȻоһĳڰһغڰǳ֮С
ǰʯڲʶǴΣ
ţһʶ֮ض̤ɻʣΪأУΪǧʱὥõһЩؿռӡЩؿռӡӴ㽫һЩռʱ
ռ
ʱ
Ҹоӵһʱ䷨˵ķָմǧʱ֮еʱ˵ʼһЩʱ䷨򣡡˵꣬ͳʧ
ǰʲôȴй뿪ڰ
ʶɵûع鱾𣬲ŷָոͬһΣ֪ⲻΣһνʯڲǵʶ
ǵʶܸӦµĴڣ˵ĿռʱԼʱ䷨򣬶ֶΣֻӵУ֮дżҪǴǧʱ
ҪʱںϾһ֮аʱֵˣ뿪£뷨ںꡣ
ֻͨӡԼΧȻںϣ֮ͽӿ
Լ֮ɻѪԼԴ״̬ԽԽ
꣬ʮУ쵽꣬㽫ͨպãҪ뿪ɽȥ컯ɽ硣
״̬ԽԽã࣬濪ʼ߶ӡʱԳһӡȸոͻɻʱкɱ䡣
ͷųɳ֮⣬ƿؿʼԼ֮ڴڵɡ
صģɶںϣһЩ
߲Ԫ
ֿʼڽ߲Ԫ
ֳ֮Ϥ߲ԪȻΪϡ٣֮ǰöˡ
һָһ׹һʯǴʯ׹촷ۡ
߲ԪΪϡ߶ЩֻҪ棬ٽ֮һָܻĵزٿɻʾӦβ
ͻɻʸպð꣬һȫͷɻ
˲ʶȥʮ⣬ڲÿʯӲݡСܿӦȥ֮⣬ܴ󲿷ָӦ
뵽ӡٴ߶ӡͷŸӦû뵽θӦȻȥٶ֮⣬ÿطܿ
ʵԽǿӡȻԸӦԶɻȻ
ԸӦ֮⣡
ȻҲ˶죬ÿɻʶӦ
ͫ
̫˷ܣ̤ɻʼֱûзֱ
ʩչӡ֮еͨͫ״̬ɻոʩչ˫ͫؽߣ˫۾Ϊ⣬ͬŽӲӵıʯ
ץһЩڰͫһʥĹҫɨкڰһɻʺڰ˲ͱˣסͫһ֮
û뵽̤ͫɻʣ˱̬Ժڰʿңǣҵý֮Уͨɻʸ߶ȣС־Ѫڡ
ʮ󣬾Ѿﵽһ¸߶ȣȻҲϡ֮ͨ㹻ġ
ʮ꣬ԣֻںϣ
ɻҪӵаҪ㹻ʱȥ΢΢֮УͨȻýħںϡ


2269 ޾ͨ
ͨ
ѪҪһ飡
žһ飬״̬˲仯Ϊöɲ
̤ɻʵöɲѪֱӴһٶףΪһྪˣ˼飡
öɲ仯Ҳ̫ˣɻǿ̫࣬öɲҲ屶࣬ϴͨǴжģΨöɲԼģͨһᳬԽ
һѪ޷
ɻʿһԾţӵɱ䡣
תöɲѪҲɻϢѪڿѪʵѪۡѪѪӡѪѪвӿ໥ںϡ
ɾںϵĳɫԸںϣѪ֮۶ӵԣȻҲ벻ĪϵҪ֪̻Ἰ󱦿Ȼ̫࣬Ҳʮ֮ࡣ
Ϊ֮ͨͨڶӵԵĵۡ

öɲܳʱ䣬Ѫֱʼ߲Ԫ֡֡Ѫͫ
һʱѪͷŸͨÿһѪͷɻʸ߶ȵǿöɲΧγʮͨҫ
۵ںϣɻʾںϵǣɿ˼ܿһƵǾںϡ
ڵƷҩǿ
Ʒҩʮ֮һѾںϣ۵ȴںǧ꣬δں϶٣ǱԭǿŮӰ۵ǣõִУʱ۵һҲ޷ںϡ
о۵ǳԽƷҩһŴҩҲв۵ǣǸĸоףҴҩиǼӲ̶Ǵİٱ
ɻʸӦǣû뵽΢΢յò
ڲۡԶž֮УһЩӰƯţǵۡ
ϧ̫
۵ٵ̤۾磬ƲںϡںãȻЧԣ΢
սס
һ֮еķսף濪ʼɻʾ翪ʼںϡ
ûг֣ɻսڲϡ٣ǳ޷աںϵԡ
һսԺԽ˳ɫκϵԣ޷ǺεԣɫѾԽܶɫսһȣоϪĲࡣ
սڲԿռ䣬һâ𻢣ͷʱ·Բܹڲ˳
սԭ֮иΪƸҲ޷ȣû˵ô̤ɻʾ磬һЩս׵Ĵڣ
սףȻսڲںϣ޷ںԣսɻκģӵѪУԾ㲻ں϶٣Ҳǿս׻塣
ȥʮ꣡
ѪöɲΪΣһƯ֮С
ˣ
һӰͨħɷ֮зɳ®ǧ
泯ӻ֣꣬һɻ״̬оǶɻʣȫд裡
ã˵ģҾͿͻ죬֮ǰһֵƷҩ̤۷壡
®ǧ֮ȥ֮⣡
һӡнâΧᣬΧΪâ
һâҲΪ®ǧӣӦһſ֮
֮ʣ®ǧһץһâ̴ܳâ¿й飬Хն档
ɻ۷һ󲿷һɻʣǽٲɻʿԣǾɽĶš
һģһâ뽣âɱһ
һ𵴣˫˲顣
˲Խʵ𵱽κţҲǷâɣ®ǧһһâն档
֣
֮ǰСţһΣҪͨǴͨȻ®ǧдʧȥ塣
־⻯ΪĽ֣âӰնнֻ֣𵴣ֲδâն飬âѹŽ֡
һӡǣͻȻת¡¡ڽâ֮ϣâò˺飬һ֮ǰǰءǿơ
˾ͨͿԻɱɻʣ˲ǧ꣬ꡭŽâӰ飬®ǧ˼ΧܵһЩӰ졣
浹⣬δԾǧ꣬Ѿǧ꣡
ǧꣿǧ꣬ҲѾɽ磬δйļ¼®ǧٴνӡâӰն֡
֮еؽߣһֱںϣǽҲܿƼƣ
ӡٶȼӿ죬ҷǳӡ
âӰɱ֮ͻȻִԼĵߵߡ
һЩɫ׵Ĺۼ߳һȣ˫ץ֮м˲ɱâ
꣡
֪Ծѹƣпâ۷ɻʽΪƬ
®ǧһ󣬲Ųöͷ亹˷ŹҰɣһСģСûˣ


2270 Ե
ģҲδʩչͷ棬ȻҪԼĿǰʵ
û취®ǧҧǿֽΧâӰƣâںϣˮ˳γɰ׽˳ɱ
ȻһЩߴӽֻ֮΢΢һǽâֵ֮նѡ
žϲ֪ͨôֲҲ֪֮ЩߣǺεȻʽ׷
νģɱ㣬ӡ
®ǧ̫ɵֲ֣ˣãΪο΢΢ѹ棬Լļֵ
ɱâֱɱ㣬ȻӭǽɱϷǽ飬γûܵӰ졣
ֱģӡԳԣѾɻʸ߶ȣ
ҾͲаκβ㣿®ǧܵĴζҲе㶯ŭ
潫ģѰѪǴֱһΡΡ״Ѫ
ѪܿҵѪ®ǧҪԻѪ
θˣһͻɻʵǿߣѪԽ磬һɱһâ
ѪΪʮѪ⣬â˰װպ¡¡ײһ𣬽âҲȷ𽥱Ѫַ飬ѻΪޡ
®ǧεû֮ǰǰҲ𺳣ȻѪҲԽһɻʡ
ҵ߲Ԫָıӡǣ
ϵͨ
®ǧоκͨã𣬽ϵͨǿǹȻ֮УΪǿ֮ͨһ
ϧ²̨®ǧԸɻΪһͨһڽâɱ
ָһһ߲ʹâȻڽâɱʮǰһ͸â
âٷɳɣǰ飬׹ȴɱòɱ®ǧɱһ
®ǧˣ⡢⡢׹⣬Գɻʣˣ˵ɱ죬һɻҲҪˣ
ˣȥɣܾװ˷ѺòԼͨ®ǧȥһ
£֮꣬ͿԴŴ뿪ɽ硣
ʣʱȻ֮ͨУ³󣬷С۱ӰͷԪɿͨ桢ɿţ®ǧڴ֮֮С
ӡԦΧȻ߿գԱӡƣ֮һƴ֮ӿ
ಣ

һռ䴩֮ʮ⴫ʮ
Ӧ֮ͨ®ǧҲ׽ɶϤϢ
۱ɿ
û룬ݲˣɿ˵ˣǱһﶢϣ׷Ϣţ
ּƾɻĺܣ׷㣬ܶ
Էһɻʣ̤ܶ꣬Ϊ۷壬ʵǿٶ󣡡
Ϊ׷㣿
뱦ʱû£ɽתƣһЩ׷Ǹǿ߱ӡһҷˣ뱦Ķߣ֪֣׷Ǻü꣡
ԭˣٹǿһʱҲ׷㣡
ǣ
ϢɿŻ۱
ͨһɿϣգ۴ֺʧ
츳Ӧʮ󷽣һ߲ŷɽҧгں׷ٶɿ࣬߻Ҫ΢Щıɿʴ߲òѹδ׽ٶ۷塣
һ󹦷Ȼ׷ᣬͨ¶ɱ֮ɫδ̤ɻ֮ǰܶԸɱɻʣ̤ɻʣʰɻӦҲУ
˻٣ַʵδﵽһɻ߶ȣٵʮ꣬һɻʵ󣬷ȻǱֻܣ
ֹһ£Ҳ֪ɽǸٶԽԽձ˦֮⣬ϢͲˡ
Ҳ֪ɿ׷ϻҪ׷ˣ˵һ
磬ɿıŶʮ֣۱ʵͽͷâ
࣬ӷеҩһ̥Ԫʯ
Ǽű̲ס۱˼֡
ˣҿû㣬ܴӱͣЦбո˻
ôһ˵۱ࡣ
ѰɽôǶʮﵱ䣬ʲôûҪҪ࣬®ǧȡ
ͨȡһʽ۷ɽȴֲ̫ϲȱżԺ϶лõ۽׷
Ϣһɻ۱ɿ뿪ɽҵλӦҪһʱ䣬ʱ䷨ָͨ뷨ռ
ںϷͨӡǣ²սںϣҲҪӡǲȥȭͫͨ


2271 С
ʮ꣡
ɿʶͻȻ棬ƾͨ뿪£صɿϣȻ۱ɿ˵ͻȻΧһϢڽʯǳơ
۱ײһˣ˵ǰһյأ쳣Ϲ֣ܶ˶ȥѰҪҪȥƺѾɽͿ뿪ⷽɽ磬ֻһι
УȻбǾ͹ȥ̤ɻʣһԴҪԣԭǶᱦȻ˼һʯƵϢҲȥ
ɿȥû뵽ǰһƬƣûֺȺɽĹ֮ء
ƺûɽķۼίʵЩ֣ƺֺ֮ïʢҲûһ˿Ѱ
ԭʯƵϢǴͷųģͷ֮⣬һʯƵʣʯǷ˽δ뵽ɽ磬һ֮أƴϹŴеڣ汦в١
ƺˣһĶ·ƵģѹڼϣоܲɿҲ޷⣬ٶһ롣
ҵģ
ôӿ죬۱ȴ£ץһϵͼ
ͼӰӣ˲׹Īɽͼ
ٺ٣磬ȷɽϹŵͼ֪ǱԶġǳɽĵͼġģȻЩ׼ȷͼչƤϷҲʧ
۱עû뵽ܶɺۿʼâƤϷִ֩â
ڵͼ뿴ŵĹ꣬ϷŴɽյءꡣ
ûã֮Уƫ۱ָһźɫ꣺ϷעӦϹɽյءС졯˵һȻС졯κҪܵӰ죬ҽԽ
С죿
ϸԱһȷŵͼ¼࣬ʱҲʼֻһɡ
ϧŵͼֻжС켸ûϸܣһƽ֮Ѿû֪Сһյء
ΣȻбʯϢһҪȥ
̰ͨЦͼ´ȥɽż
ݵͼ֪٣Ŀǰʵģ֮ǰϷѰҷλһֱ޷ȷͼֻܸһ·λԣ۱ͽŵͼ档
׺ɣǵͼˣɽȣǰԻΪ棡
ͼȻҪ£һֱõı
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ֻɭ֡
ֺǳϣʲôˣû֪桢ͨ۱ɿøӦֲϢ޴ΧнǲֻЩҲӰ£һֱѹ޷Ĺ״̬
ʿɿûһ˫޺ͫҷ
Լʮ⣬ȷмϢˣϢɻʡ
ȥʱٶȻԽѹƣٶҲ޷ʩչ޵ɻʣɾܵȻΪء
˾ڴҸӦǰһƶϢĵһϢƺ뽣ƣ
۱ϢϹųҿЩǹˡˣڸɽ֮жйߣЩ˵õԶĹƣһʵڷߣɽҲһһԵȷȻҪǿһЩ
Ʊ۱˵ˣֽܹˣо֮ϮǸӦٶȡǰԵ΢
Ȼ
ո뿪ʮ󷽾ж
ǷֲˣպƶˣͨٶȷҲҪȥѰ
ȻǹʿЩҲС˽⣬ôĸЩˡ
Լ;ַһϢŹζʿһŴ֮»档
ڽ̸ʲôͷŸӦʮһɽйŴģһξۻᣬЩŴУΪɽͳԾӵǿߣ֣Ҫģ
仰ֶ
ɽˣ
ΪЩᱦģû뵽СյأɽŴ߾ۻᡣ
Ǽ˺ܿһȥȴڸӦ״̬֮УʯƵϢȴǴһ


2272 
ʯϢԽȺɽǧȻһܵѹƣγɿֲҽըڰ׸߿֮У
ɽ緢
𺳿ΧҽɢΧյ磬дΪ𺳣ȻʯϢǴӻɽǷ
ҽأֱû谵޹⣬Сǰͨһ˿쳣
˼ʣͷһͬǰ߿գһЩħ֮֮һЩѻɳʼֻʮֻԽԽࡣ
ͨһѻ֣
ѻǶİѻһҲħ֣ʬɣרųʬ壬ڤЩơ
ڰǿߣرϲѻ
ȻһЩӰ̤ħɷƳǧѻ֣ȼ˻ѻ֮£γɵѻ籩ֳһͷ޴Ĺ
ǹһֻ޴ĺ򣬳ųĺ룬ʮɸߣͨͷɿҪǿ̫࣬ͬһͷһֻޱȡԼһɶ೤Ķǡ
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۱ȻһٶȲ죬ʵǳǿܳɫĶǣ׵磬
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Ҳܺ棬ڰǿں챦ʲôɽ
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𽥵һЩ棬һЩҲգЩԴͷǴӻɽҽ
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⼸ڰǿ߽ħɷ֮עħħͳһȭɱħڸ߿ɱɽһĺڰӡ
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۱֮̾еľħͳ죬λͳ죬ʵһԾħķǷʵܴﵽ߶ȣ֮ɾºڰһˣ
ˣٺڰͳ죬˰˱ħ𡢵عµһ۷ڰͳʵ졢ɻʣȻһڰͳ졣
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2274 鷳
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ƹɽ󷽶ʮһ𣬾ʮﴦܿһ׵Ͽһ֮֡


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ϴ󣬷̳֮ǻϵǿǺö۱û֣ڰӦùעŷ̳֮µ

֪ҪԣһԵҲԵͨʯʯİٱͬҲǴϵʷıرϣһļֵ̫ˡ
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滹ǺܺģϵΪ֮ͬȻǵϡı
ʵʯĲҲ潣ʯ࡭ٶ࿴ʯһۣ뽫ʯȡǷˣҲû壬ǮʱҲȱ㡣
ٿϸ̨ʮʯףСһ¿ʯ֪ûΣգҲܴ⡣
߳ʯ׶û⣬΢΢иһһ̨⿴عʵһϵ֮ıأʯǰϵ֮һ
߹󼸵ʯףͿһʯ̶ɵʯ̨ûǶκζ౦ʯ
̤һʯףʯ̨ƯһУⱦвľͷһַǻʽƷʣӦһռ䷨ֿռ䱦УŵĶǺñ
Ʒ
ǾƷ
ҲҲпʯδƳɹķ
뵽Щƾһܣӿ죬е㲻ִС

κһǵ䱦
ͷŵһĨ˿ķɳ־׼ĽӴرС


2278 ʯ
ˣ
ٱ֮б룬Ϣ羮ˮ΢һȦ
գۣԶ⿪ӣЩʧźӴ򿪣ûκâ䣬һɫҲ
Īûбɣ
۽¶һ˿ϲԭӴ򿪲ʱȻһɫС
ȻбŸΪ飬źȫ򿪣ȴ͵һ
ڶʲôҲǵҩ
ֻһСĴָָͷСĻҺɫʯӱ⿴ʯΪͨѰɼͨʯᱻϹǿߣ˱в
ҩͳͳǣΪʧǷյһʯͻȻˮƾͽԽʧԽ
ʯͷҲͨʯͷǼ⣬Űüһдɫʯ顣
ʯȻǺɫģ滹һЩۼоĦպγɵһЩպۼҿʲôͷ·ʯ罣ʯΪ棬Һʯ濴֮ܿһ㵭Ĺ
зӡ
ȡʯû뱦ڲȻһâʯӡС
עӡãʧȥӡ֮󣬵潫ʯȡ˲䣬û뵽ͨĺʯȻɢһֱ˷ѹ
䣡
ƣѹ飬û棬һʱоԼһɽѹס޷ҶһֽԺֻ֮ܳ緲һߡ
ʯǺεȱСڲյƣҪֲʮһɻʯ֮УȻֻһ޴ķˣ
һڴʱΧûеˣеˣΣˡ
СԶԶ޷Ҳʱʡ
һССʯͷ˿ֲʱֻС޷ԪӦΪԪ񣬸޷뿪Ƭ򣬻תСͷ
Ԫֳͷճ֣ɢȥѪһҲֻʵʵƯûκ
öĶһƿأǾӵ򣿡ͻȻ䣬һ֮ɫ˲ʧϲȡ
һʯƿֲܽԦںϣʩչԸǿУܽһɻʣ󲿷ͨơ֮Уɱ
ƿʼƾʯץסȻƸʯԺġ
ٿ򱦺Уʱһӱڳ֣ɣޱȣԵˣʯϷСֵģʯӵټ֮úã򣬿ϧõʱѾ̫
̶̼仰ʧȥ
ӦþʯϹǿߣ
뷨治ıϣ뽫ʯںϣӴ
ȻǾЦ֮ٽ

ѵ֮лʲôң׳죬Ҳûҵκα
ڱУȻǿռ䷨ռ䲢󣬶пռ䣬þҾۼñо뱦ڵĶҲԶ֮УһŵƷҩֱвĻҲʧȥһ˿
ѵûеڶֻоһĥһӣȻЩʧ
Ѱ֮ʣ뵽ϵĪɵڶرǽϵĻϵ
𱦺УֱûκζԵãȴԱҩźܴá
ƹ̨ǵң´
֮ǰӡ鲼ڳɫ֮ϣӡһַӡϵ󲿷ڲͬԸѹУӡعǸ³Ļϵ
ӡ罣̵ƣͨͨʯϣĽӡɸֱʩչĽӡӡϵоһϵ
ϵ򵥣ܾ޴ϹǿȻ취ӡϵ
ԴʱĽӡӡĹؼ˵ЩӡѾټϵѹһܽϷ̳ΪЩǿ߲ϵĴڡ
ϵ򱻽ӡӡδͷų̫ϵȻ˲
ΪһڲͬĽӡδ߶ӡȻƿӡϵȡ
һ˫ͫӡ֮Уһӡ֣ӡ֮Уϸ޷Ĵڡ
˵ǽӡʵֻһɫԲƺ
Ҳ֪ʲôҪ֮ǰֻͷŸӦû뵽컷Ȼǽӡ͸΢΢Ϣ

ĪϹǿµڶǱҲǻϵַϢ쳣ǷӦþʯᵽķ
ֻӴ컷û쳣֮ٷעĿǰ޷컷ʲôҪ컷ȡ£ƺǶڻϵǽڣںһ


2279 
ٵקź컷𺳵ǣ컷һʶһ㣬ս컷һЩû뵽ꡣ
ԣһ컷ƺʶͨⶫϲҲӺ컷֮иӦԽǿҵȣӦǷһϵ
ĥһΪ棬Ŀ⾼ˣǿʯѾӡڴˣǱӡϹǿǽ֮Уûϵ֮ʹ÷ɻϵԽǿƷʣ֮ʯǵӦϵ۽ף
ҪΪͨѰһˣ
濪ʼʩչɻȻãҲͷոӡһضԺ컷Ӱ졣
̣
Ȼ컷ɻ֮£
ǺεȷѪڣ治иҲܸо컷֮ȥ
ߣ¶ͨԲһĲλǱ֮ķ
һЩЩˣ·ɡߣȻһƺú챦ʯɵʯɡ
ʯɡ
ɡηҲһȻӷϡٳ̶ȣжһĲ
һʯɡ뿪߶೤Լִ󣬿ʯʣ渧ű棬ַ־Ƴɫϸ˿ɣǳ
оҲ֪δʯɡȴڲ컷ʯɡصһɡſһԶƽòѪ
ٿʯɡ֮ǰͬʯɡſͷŵ۽׷¶ȺܸߣٿڲɡҶϣܿӡǣɭֲзë
ᦣ
ɡϷģӦʯɡ֡
ֵǺ񡭡ӡǣֿģ治оЩ죬ϸһɡǣҲͨɫһֹʡ
ûж෢֣ᦣ۽׷Ȼǿңܱѹơ
ᦣоӡǣ·һһ˫˫ն۾Լġ
ӡǷǳһӡǣᦵӡǷֲ
ϵͨҲԣԼҲգɡ͸ͨ
֪ʱ䲻࣬ϸٿᦻĵطдŽⷨ͸ͨ
ͨΪᦿ¶ԸɻʣҲܾնɱ
ᦱʯǿǰʹ÷ƴ㽫ϵƳɷ޷ɷҲɽϵںϣս¡
ǿ߾Ĵ㣬ᦲϵ֮꣬÷ںϣҲƷʣһãϧǿ޷ԸûܻŻصȡᦡ
ԴС
Ϸ̳֮УȻҲǿĵбأȴûᦡʯǵرϵʵıأ
ƸҲоᦵǿ߽Ϲŷ
ϵ
ӴʶԼͷţӿϹŽӡӡ֮Уһӡʼͷâһ˹ܿʮɸߵľڣΪɫľ޴ʯЩ͸覣Ҳ֪ж޴
ȻϣϹǿǰþ޴ӡϵӡֻҪӡںϣƷӡǿƸӡ룬Ҳȡ߻ϵ
ҪӴ֮£ȡһγɵ
ѣ
ǵͷҲͷۣӵԽĺأûпصʵȻ޷ء
ʯǿǰǾǿߣҲһþ޴ӡص׽ϵӡ
ϧ֪ӡסϵҲҪʱ뽣ӡںϡ
̤ɻһ죬꣬ȴ״̬һɣҪƿؽӡ̫ס
ԽںϽӡԽоӡ磡
ò߷ططӳʶſϵľ޴
ϵԼʮɣԲذ֮ΧͨҲҲž
Ԫͨطļӳ֣ǧԪãԪ𽥷һʶϰٵǧ֮ࡣ
γʶܰ˾˵ʶǧԪطֻܰϰٵʶѾ
ǧԪطԽԪ޷룬ʿƿÿһԪ䲻˵ƿأٿԿʶȥʲô
ÿһʶÿһӡںϣüСǧʱɰ˳ʶһ£ӡӡһ˸ޱȵĴڵز֮Ű׻ϵ
ˣ
֮ӿһηƣԪ֮⿪ʼǽӡ
۽׷Ϊ򶨣ܿƸӴ֮ѹӡӡû֮󣬾Ȼʼһ㽫ӡ«ڡ
䣡
عΧԿʼ𵴣ϵ뽣ӡһƸ룬ػ⴦Ҳ㷢仯
ԽԽǿң֮ûŽӡԼڲϵǽӡ«һɡ


2280 ۱
ˣϷĴ󹬵ѱǿ߹ƣֻõһݣʱͨݶ
۱ɿҳȴҲϷоع𵴣еĵطʼҳðҽʱʱը
عͷǻ׵ǽڣ·ڿգҫ۽ӡһֱƸ룬ǽڳһ״Ļ춴ߣһ¯ӡ
ϵȡߣ
תС֮У뿪磬߳ʯŻ˲䣬ҳ֮С
ͨԣҳڷըڲҽǿҶײҳڲұҲʱʱ
Ͻ뿪СӿٶȣȻˣҽҲֻúճ̰ˣҽܻɱκɻʣȴ޷κδ֮еĻͼ
ˣ
ҳ֮ͻȻɳ顣
ɿͨ۱һʱ
뿪СصƸڣǰ̳û뵽ѾΪ棬ʮǿ߲ȥڷ̳ΧѰš
ͻȻһħɷ϶ĺܣΪвħⷽ
ͨħɷǾħǿڰͳ죬ϳɿǽƺ«Ľһֱ취ѹҵȣ֮ǰдǿǣû뵽׷ˣ
Ҳɣɿߣʮڰͳ׷ɱ֪һ󷽣ǻ׿ħЩڰͳѾ׷ϼˡ
˫ٶڵղ£һӣȥǰ취ɽħ̳̫࣬Щһֱ׷ţ֧Ԯʱϴһǰٴվ
߶ͨóһɻʬ壬ɲ۱ɿɱģǱɱʬˡ
ǿɻӳ־Ƭ̣ץΧ޴ʯǿ˹ȥ
ڰͳʩչʯʯƻﵽɻʣʯһγɵıըƬ˲޷Ӧ÷׷ˡ
ʯɱȥӳʮʯűģɿ˲֮ߡ
¶ȻˣͨûħɷϢ˲ЦǰŴαڰͳѹôֵʰǣ
Լһʱɳ棬ѾǻɽǵյأʱҲֲ巽λֹȥʱѰһֺ
ͨɿĲ۱״̬ãóҩͨɿ̷ɿѾ桢ͨȡҩǴӻ۱ĺôҲ㹻
ȡϵҲĴ󲿷һʱ䣬Ȼȥ컯ɽ磬꣬Ӧò⡭֮ɻԼ֮С
渺󷨸ӦĥһӣոóᦣڲԶĻ۱һ˲ǰ
۱˷ܿᦣˮϵ۽׷
û뵽óǱ۱ײᦣڷ̳֮һ߹ŵȡ
ᦣǣŴ͵Ļ۱ƺ֪
㿴컷ɡһſȱı߶ͷԶâ
ᦣû뵽ɽ磬ΪϡټϵᦣȻܱҼ
֪
ʵ磬ǻʵ壬ϵ֮СҸ׾ͽռżǹڻϵ֮¼ĻϵоᦣϹʱڣѾɽ֮У֪Ĵڣûƺ«ǰ£Ҳǿ߶֪ĻԨڰ֮Уܶ˻ȥѰҹȴһֱûϢ
ԭˡ
û뵽ᦣ֮ͷҪһµı
ٿᦣʱȴ۱ᦸǰ֣ȥš
۱˶ƺˣ˴ʱҪԻ۱ҲҪ
׼ͨ
۱Ƕᦣ桢ϲã̰ȻЩ֪롣
Ϲŵ۽׷ӦҲǵǿ󷨱һ޼֮
ͨһõʵظһ¥۱ᦵ̰֮ûж˿أϲᦣõ
ʿᦱȻռΪУһ¶ļ
۱ȴͬҪᦣǷģ治ƺ۱Ǿ䣬ǻ֮壬õĺôǿͨʮ
¾ͷΪѣ߻۱ͨ׼ģȻ۱ʧ
ᦱҪͨģʱ۱ҲЩᣬϾ˾ҪһʶõʿҲ᲻ãɵӡ
۱ᦵϲʹ¾ģᦾͨ
ȴڲʮϢ֮һԼЩŵľ
ָᦶԻ۱ףȻ֪ϵ֮ⱦ͸ˣ


2281 ںϻ
⡢̫ˡ۱ϲԥҾ±
ĳϲֻǷس̶ȣȷ޷¡
򣺡˱ԴҶûôﾡãӸãҲᦽڵ㣡
磬ҵȷϲҲǳҪصĺܣǲ̶֪ȣǲţȷ۱ûϴӦ¡
۽׷Ϲ屦Ȼ֪㿴ǶϹŷж಻֪ģҸһ㣬ܷãȻУһԴ˷ѣŰɣ

Űɣ
ӳ֮ǰҵ˵ҽһˣõˣϷһδɱ䣬û뵽ҵûƭңҵĹˣᦾҵˣ
ˣˣҲ֪˵ʲô
ҵ˵ģ˵һδҪһˣԭҵûң
ŰɣˣⲻԸҲҵӣ
֣½ᦣ۱С
۱ûپܾ§׸ͣлҲû˵ȥһȥˡ
۱һʣ̫䣬˵ʵΪҲ޷壬ղǷ
۱һбһϵ
лһЦ¾۱ʵһֶĲҲһͶʡ
ĲͶʣһֻҪ۱ӽǵѣᦾֵˣ۱бջ
δ֮˭Ҳ˵ͳᦣѾ۱ѡ
ಣ
û۱ֻץһͮͮݣݾ磬ⶫôˣϴ𵤡Լͻһ죬Ҫʱ򣡡
»ݣ۱ˡ
ǻݣץסһݴһ߶󣬺ƻˣͨ죬ܿƤ֮һѪɫҺ磬ǹ̺֮
âҺ֮УҺûݱȱʯ財ҫۡ
ö
ҲպͻɻʣҪʵлݼɻʬ壬Լ֮һܽһ߶ȡ
ͨȻһħɷ֮˵ˣ۱ղŴߵıǵ۽׷ӣ
±ͨˡ
ȻҲ£ԭΪ֪ͨ࣬ٻЩԹԣǣΪ۱˵
ӦһΣһѰһ͸ͨ
ʱ֮УСţҲƸڴһС
ҲҪܼ֮ǿɱ䣡
׼ɻݣϴ裬ʵ
Ѫգһ㣬ûڻ֮оʡ
ڼ䣬淢ֻ۱ںᦣҲǿѪ˵۱ѰʿϲӵǿʢѪֻ汲ǿߣѪ֮УѪ𴫳С
̣
֮УҪʼںϣ
￪ʼջȻǿϵɲãһʼգѪͬݵһ֮ѪֻһжĻˡ
֮ǱȻʿ֮˷ԽԻݵҲ𽥽һ֮ζߡ
Ȼ𣬽Ѫ֮Уһھ÷״̬Ƥ֮гֲʣЧԽԣ𽥸оӯ࣬Ѫںϣ֮ҲһЩϢ𾫻һֲƯš
ʮ濴һ룬֮еɻﵽδйĸ߶ȣ֮ǰκʱҪ档
ٹʮ꣬𣬶ѪϡѪ֮УҲΪ磬濪ʼ֮С
¾ʩչöɲΪѪ״̬һѪ˲ֳһɽ
֮ǰõĻϵ
ոںϻݣʵѾһɻ״̬־Υ״̬κɻʽ֣ʵ̫ϵӴ󣬽öɲٶȻٴҲðʱ䣬ݳ
öɲΧܻϵɽתУѪҲֹԦںϡ
ڼСҲ֮УҪͼںϡ
ͨɿҲˡ
ɿҪںϻ۱Ľ飬ںϽ֮ɿ󹥻ֶһֲֶֿΡ
ͨ£ȻҪý飬ںϵħƷķѾСɣȻ޷ȥںϡ

ȥʮꡣ
ںϻݻȥʮ꣬ʮ꣬ʱ䲻ˣÿʼ컯ɽʮ꣬ʱ䷨򣬵ָһ㣬ʱ̫æ뿪ɽ硣


2282 
ɿɻ۱ͨڱɿ
۱ѰҷλȻСյ֮УֻҪ뿪յأžܷ巽λ
Ȼ
ɿٶ̫죬ɻʣһ˼ںϻϵͨ۱ɿϣҲڰи
һŤͻȻɿΧ桢ͨ۱ֹͣɿ󴥶һǳɻʲõĸӦ֮УɿʵҲδɼӦĲ
ոͷŸӦʾҲҪͷơ
߿Ӧ֮Уʱɳʮʿɻʣɡ
Щÿ϶ڲͬϢ·µϹŶϹŶǲɡɻʡ
ǹߡ۱˵
ɻҲ򵥣лɻʣʵĹŴߣȻŲʵһ߷ʣȺηʿ
ȭǰǵõԶǷʿСбԹ
Ӽˣ֤ǹŴߣ
׼ƺ«ִ߶«һڲͬķϢΪӫΧ֡
ŷ
ǰ˶ϳϢԹŷ
ףȥɫɱ֮ɫҲʧ٣ƮȻ˵أǾ˳μɽһι˾ۻᣬɽŴߣȻʸҲμӣ
˾ۻ᣿
֮ǰС⣬Ⱥʿᵽľۻ᣿
ûײȻ̡
汾ܾɫܴſιۻܾУǷǳҪֻμӣҪ뿪߾ӦưҲֹ뿪
Է˳ȻҲʱҲһʱᡣ
ĪҪͷϢþڲЩ
߼ףأٻʾ⣬żֽһ磬ΧǰֺɽһɨˣϹĸĴߣ
ǰҵֻõһЩϷƬǲȱŪҲ֪λй˾ۻᣡƺ뵽⣬ش
Ҳ˼˭Ҳ˵Լܣߵͷξۻᣬۼɽ󲿷ͷЩΪмǣĪǷǣ
ŹŴߣǵʿؽԾޣ˲ϢһǺŴߣʵĪ⡣
Ƚüһ᣺ÿһɽйŴߣɽⷽˣǿȻ٣ȽУҪʱǿߣ˭Ҳ޷ǣ
汧ȭ֮Ц
Ȼδ۱ͨɿҲۣϾ˼֮ǰ˵ξۻɽͷǿߣһɻɳ
ǰһȣδȣϤɽȣִɽ֮иӦɻϢȷв졢Ϊ
ϧ̫Գ׽ɽڲӦҲûɽգſЩ뿪Ϊء
һָʵɽһɽӡ
մӰӣͼʿΧ˰ڴǼϰΪƼΪͨû˳
һô£һſһ֮ɽϿǻ潫Ӧ߿գ¶־㵣ɽȸʿ٣ϷƼŲ֮ڼˣ׽֮ڡ
ʿԽ࣬ҲܵһռĶ١氵иӦΧЩ׹ɽ簵зչ
û½˵Щ˴϶ϹϢ󲿷ֶɻʣҲУǸɻɽȡ
˽ɽΧϢֻм̤ڣЩΪǿߡ
󣬲ǧˣΧһɻʡ
һ̫˾ۼһ죬ûԽԽ࣬Ϊ඼졢ɻʡ
̫಻ͨԼ§ɿĻ۱Ⱥ֡
ʿ¶ϯضԼϰˣ桢ͨ۱Ϊ̫ͨˣΪҲ֮ϡ
ȺΧЩɻ죬˵Ķǵɽ磬Լɽ˻⣬Ҳᵽ·棬ԭҲһЩŴǿߣǰ·档
ãһǿ߻⳶ξۻᡣ
ԭۻԭ֮һɽйԸڰħºڰħ̳һƣ׾ڰ
ɽڰͥΪأڰͳʵҲһֲ֮ȥû˶ƣȷδưɽ磬ʱȻûв֮
Ⱥ󲿷ɢȥҲδԶɽϢ
̫Ȼ㣬˾ڵϢҲһЩû߿û뵽Щ˴ʱĵĻ⣬漫Ϊ档
յزʮ£ǿΪɻʣ󲿷ֶǶ졢ɻʡ


2283 
һɻʣʮɻ֮Уڳһʲõƣ֪ܿɽ磬ϹšߣԳƵõšԼ
ɻʣƺҲŴߣеȻɻΪҲ㹻󲿷ɻΪǰ
ʱȻĵȿҪģξۻǧ˵վӣξۻغŴڲҲ֪ⷽˣȻǵʲõİڶ࣬һʵǿᣬһڶԲͿܵǿߣ
˲侪̾һ˿걧ȭ֣˻棿
˾ŲʮʵҲЩ໥ɱţ뽣潣ҲǹȻϣ
᪸˵꣬Ͷɻʱȭǰ潣ȴߣӦ֪ŵİԵ
뿴ɻʡ
ҡҡͷΪ뿪潣Ⱥܶ꣬潣뽣Ҫʲôˣ޹أ
ǴǸ꽣ɣӦþǽŴǿߣû뵽ճɻʣҲһɣԺֳϴǸŹŹֺӵĺ½ɡ
ٶ࿴ɻʣԷһɣɻΪȻʵǿ˵ɻʡ
ΧЦۣ֪г︴潣ȴߣȷ뿪潣ȹŴһ
Χ˴Ҳ˼䡣
᪴ܲѿǸͨŴߣ㲻ͨҲǸ¶ǰԵһһȡ֪ģ
ŵ֪šš潣ȹߣԭֹһˣǼˣǰ֮䣬糤︴潣ȣ˵õ潣ȹǷΪһߡ
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Ŵ
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ιۻȷ򵥣Լº󣬹ѾۼǧˣλɻҲв٣ЩǳԼаɻ֮С
Ųٴ֣߳ȻϢڸһҲ졢ɻʡ
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һ˽ٹ⡣
ЩϢŹжͷţԭŹŴߣһٶˡ
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ŹŴߵϢע⡣
һһ٣Ѯ䣬׷Բԣһ߳룬ŹŴ֮Уܵ𾴡
һ꣬ʮӣģƣһѪеˡ
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ϵܣû뵽Ⱥǿߣעӭȥ
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Χһ˵ԭԷҲǹŴΪС
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᪺ȻЦϵǾƣ࿴ۣȻ˵أһΪԽʶַߣ
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лصϰǿ֮Уȥλ׷ԡ
УȷˣѹסΪͳʵ
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ΡȻȻɽ粻ãòɽ磬û˷֮ʣȥȻǷߣȻһ·ˣ
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⣡
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ȻҲںֻǾ֮ǰԼӦǿĳЩ
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2284 Ŵǣϣ
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ȴû桢۱ͨķݣЩ뿪ʱֺƺ˵㲻ʶŹŴߣΪλ޷ȣ
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ܿȻЩӦҲǴͷ֮ȻӦûܡ
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Ȼûֻ·
ʵλҲв㣬ǰ졢︴ЩŴвһЩɻʣβķͨǿߡ
类һ̳Լףʮʯ
֪Ǹ꽣ɻ᲻ǴοǵԷ֪ƺ«Ҳ֪ҡ˼δμӹۻᣬи
пӽǷŴߣδǸ꽣ɡ
˶ΧãͻȻû˵ʯɽķ


2285 Ŵǣ£
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û뵽һ̣ɽ֮ϣ֮УķɳһϢޣֱͷλɻʰԵϢ

û룬һǿϢӿ̧ͷһͿйһ֮Ե뽻ʵǿߣ
ϢΪ򵥣ϢڴʱһЩ֣߳˵Ĳ˸оеΪʵӦڲ֮䣬Ͼ˶ͬɽǿߡ
ǣҲⷽȻҪû뵽УһĿϣЩ仯
ȻҲϳ棬û뵽δżȥʯҲʯ֮ϡ
ע⺫һߣ̾ЩߣΪ̫Ӧöһ᰾ʿһĴڣ䲻ǵΪɻ۷壡
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һûϹƾЩŴʿָܻɼϹʱŵǿᡣ
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һЩֲϮһߡˣǲŷɽǻʽмڵ۽ɽ
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ǽ󴫳ߣϴΣ꽣ɴ߶ӣɱ߿ڶе۽Ʒʵķɽ˵ǹŴ֮УһţȻ
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Ĭţбȭ֣֪Уһӵ˭òϢֹʵͬ
֪ûпڣԱһɻЦǽɫĴߣ½͵õϹŵ۽׷ʦ֡ʦ֣ɽǿ֮һ

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Ŀͳͳз̳ԭ뿪ʯ̳֮ϣЩߴ綼ְۣͬҲһ£ϢͬҲһ
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֪еүүη壬ǷߣҲɽµĹŴߣŵ¸أΪݡ
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۱˵⻹ǹŴֻɻʣҿɽŴǿߣҲЩδ档
Ŵ֮леͨһͷԷ¡
ȻеܶǶɻʣȻЩͱڰħɣеĴڣôڰħ̳ûжţһǲģЩɻʣҲ֮ܵ⣡۱֪١

Ǻεȴڣ
˵ԼʵɻʣҲ޷սʤɻʾܺɨǼˣ㶯зֶΣҲûаնԿ졢ɻʡ
һɻʣʩչ»ͨõħϷҲ޷Կɻʡ
ԳԽɻʵĴڣһ٣ǸǼ˶ԣһѡ
ʱ̳֮ϣʮ֮УԱȭ֮η岢վߣ߳һΡȻ˵лλμξۻᣬҶ֪ڰԽ񣬾ħºڰͳ죬Ͻħ̳ǹŴе̡


2286 ڶ
һλߣϢϤĽϢ߳۴ڴˣӣֶԸڰڰɽ羻Ӵ˻һľ֮ء
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Աߣһ潣ߣʾԻϴǸӣѡɽһŸκɽ˶ɽһɢɳ
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ͬ⹫Ȼ䣡
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λȥԶҲֲһ
Ǽһ⣬·棬ɱȥҽÿһѡ̨֣ʤȥ컯ɽμ·档
Ҳ˭ܴ·ȡóɼǸǵʲõ
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Ѫˡ
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һܶҲͬ⣬ɱ֮뿪ָ̨̳򣬺ܶ˴ȥΧϢ߼λɻʡ
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ʦ֣˵ɣλᶨһЩɽμ·Աһ˶˵
аԵһЦ£ԼԼҲܲμ·棡
ȻҶӲţһ̨˭һսû뵽ոջָƽľǿȻķϷ̳˷ǿߡ
ͨЩ̨֪֮
ಣ
һ˷Ϸ̳ոձȭ˲δ߶⻹ȽԾ̳֮ͨɱʷ׳ʡ
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Ҳ֣ҲһòʮУͽֻܣǿΪŴ֮һ
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2287 η
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ʾԷˣֵܳէɽƲ̫˽⣡
ʦֹˣͻȻԱС

˿ǰȻŴӭ֮ʣźһ
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дŴȭ֣Ϊβȥ㲻֣оˣ
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ǣ棬ָɽ磬ԺѣŴҵ棬Ҳǵһʽ档
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ΪĪУĪǺҲʶ֣
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һЩΪʿˣڴʱ˶˵ʦ֣ҼȥУǶ飬·ֶԸǽ󣡡
ΪΪɫţһһ࣬˵꣬ǷһƳ
Ŀ֮дɱ뺫Ϣ֮ĿⲻŲ¶ϲ֮ɫ
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ҪһӣռȻִų棬ҲռȻҲû˵ִ󣬻ҵ㱳ȡƺ«Ϊأ
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Ҫȥصأԭ治ȥ˵үүηҪϣԸ޷ܾⷬʢ飬ֻܴӦ
ں˵Ҫ棬ȴֻǿ׻ۻҲ֪ͨ档
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۱ͨϢ죬һ죬ηͶ
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ηһͬ£۱ͨҲΧ£η忪żɽ˵ͥһǷϵǲѼǣ


2288 ׷
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ϴζ̳Ƿ̳֣º󣬷ȴڸ֪ͥҪȻάӻ
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ηͷź룺ԭΪûмȣҿѰɽɽķȣƼȥȻͥȵˣϷͲٻ㣡
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ΪΣ
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û뵽ڴɽ֮Ул۱еЩţͻȻһֻȻ壬յع֮ɻ
ʱȣȥ컯ɽ磡
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зٶȣָǰϵܣһǧģһֱɽΧɿɴ磬ֱ̲ɽ磬дپδ;ܴﵽ컯ɽ磡
Ż۱ͨ񣺡ͷ磬ǰʺã컯ɽ棡
ȥ̲ɽ鷳ȥѰӻ㲻ǷߣҲүүıӻǷϲԴʱ򣬾Ҫƣʡȥܶ಻Ҫ鷳
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ҲӰӣתȥ
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һˣͷһɻǿߣ֮С
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ƺе㲻Ծ
Զȥʮ֮УסƣתǷʡ
ԥϢǼɽʧ
ԽٽɽãϤɽ߽磬⸴ɽϣ·𾭹һգǽ̿
桢۱ͨУȽ磬ŻԦɿǰ̲ɽ硣
ɵǻ۱ϴɽ磬Ǵӱ̲ɽ֮Ϲʱд󣬿ϧͻˣ۱ҲǿŸɽ硣
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֪ʱܷɳɽ磬ʱ۱һ˫ͨ۾˸㡣
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2289 ɱ
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ͨĥгݣЦǸʵǿ󣬵ħףԼȫҲδֵһˣˣˣ֪ټ֪Ǿ˵Ŷƺ«еƷҩ
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ֲϴͨΪʵȻһܣʱδȫʵ

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Ȼڹۻ֮ϣǸ緢žƵŽɡ
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̤ͨħɷγɾúƣҪǽҲʲôϴû򹻣ú棡
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ͨҪͷħúڰƽɡ


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ȻպǷ֮ɱħױͨѣһʱԶԸϷɱĽ

֮пɲֻͨ棬¼Ļ۱
о͵ģ֮ǰһֱûг֣֪ħ𱻼ɽѹƣԽն𣬽ᦴ߶һɡһſ
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2291 ģ£

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ѶԻصܵع֮У֮ǰ֪η塣
ηô̾ϢǷߵȷû뵽һɻʣԿʮӣ


2292 ɽ
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治򵥣߶˲е۽׷ֶΣֱǶԵģδһɽ磬Ϊ֮УΪĴڡ
Ҷ϶ȥ׷ɱ棬뾡취ȡƺ«үүô죿
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ϵöɲаΪһѪ״̬׻ϵѪ֮У渡һһЩһǻϵöɲ̰ѪʼںϷʵ

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2293 п棨ϣ
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ߣʦˣһĨЦֻ˲١

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ͨȻָŶһǣҲɽˣҿ룬ƹ֣


2294 п棨£
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ʲô
治֪ԼӦʱ·˽
Ⱥ֮뿪ĬĬٿһǰٴţκһĿǰ޷ʵսʤкܶ˶ǵӡϯӡŴСߵȵб
ֻһɢޣһδʽȵķߡ
ͨ۱ܿ칺ҪĶڴ䣬ͨ鿴֮д·Ĺ
󲿷ֹ򶼲ѡ
桢ͨоȻֹ
·һ򣬽·棬֮ɱ
ζ·֮УɱǺģôƹӡֹ·ԼǿԹɱ֣
Ȼڶпᣬ·治ʩչһ֣ᶷϳ·档
Ȼʹ÷ȴǲʹԼķΪ·֮вз߿ΪķʹãΪ̣˭ӵзǿݺ·
Ȼκζ·֮еõıڶߣ·ÿߵһֽ
·һֻ꣬꣬Ҫ̤·κζ߶ܰ;ǷҲҪԼ뿪·
·֮Уõ͡
õһͣ뿪·Ϊһߣɽд¼Ҳ֮С
ȻҪΪ֮ӱôҪõͣ˭õԽ࣬˭·һߡ
пᣡ
·˽֮УΨһĸܡ
ƹز࣬ʵһ̤·ûлͷأ·֮У޷ֻжȡͲ뿪
õ͵ĺôȻĽġ
һͻõɽܼͬκδΪĵӣ޾ԴȻ£ӵͣδԵõļͨԼŬԽ֮С
ΪȨ·ɽţԴҲμӴ
ͨҲһͬסϸ򣺡ʹ÷ȡ·֮еķ·ֱһ֮ãˣ·֮еõһӵз¾ǶɻţҲκǣ
ᷨɲף
ʱ۱ڽ˵δμ··Ҳ˽⣬·֮взҲеƷҩԼһЩϹŴ۵Ĺ˵õܵõ۹ҲܳΪӣαӣҲɽ棬·֮зɲ࣬ҲǧǻʽΪҲһֵ۽׷ٽ·棬ЩܶȡţܶȡͣΪ·Ҫȡ챦ᡣ
ҪҪͨɻʻˣ֪ȡҲѣͨЦá
ʵ·඼ɻʲȥμӣֻмλɻʽ·ƻ۱е㲻޳˲μ·棬仰˵ⴧĦɫ
ǱҪμ·棬뿴ɽ̨ܹϡ
۱û˵ˣһɿ
Ҫμ·棬ΪȡΪϹҲڴ̨һƬص뷨
ͨ־̾ˣҷ·֮УֻһǧگζʿҪ·֮һǧͣ
ֻһǧͣ
ȷ֮󣬲׻۱Ƿ⡣
·ȷһȥģط˽⵽μ·ĶߣҲʮˣôȴֻһǧͣôã
ʮ֮УƶɻΪǿߣˣ򶥼ɻ֪ͣеĲҳ̶ȣͨɻʣ˭жڻܵõһͣ
濴ãֹٷż뿪̻ᡣ
뿪ǳѰһɭ֣취̳֮֮ӿҶ֮
һٶ꣬·棬ϣʵٿԴﵽһ۷壬̤Ȼá


2295 ǰ
ͨҲͻɻʣҪʱʵĹؼʱڡ
Լʮ󣬴ʹʱ쵽ˡ
뿪ֺޱڣҵޱڵӣ뿼˳Ϊߡ
ޱڴ֮һɽ֮ϣޱµκˡ½Ҫͨܴڲ
ޱɽһǰû뵽Ŷӣ붷߿ˡ
۱μ·棬ɿڸȴš
һһ졢ɻʣҲΪߣμ·棬֪ߵغ񣡡
Ҫȥ˭ܹܣ
֮УŶ߼ɻΪ
桢ͨλɻʣڼɻЦ翴˿ǡ
һ²ֵ桢ͨ빬ڣʮʿգǰһ̳ħƽ֯ɡ
óڰɻʬ壡һޱڵ˻ֵ
˴ӸԴץߺڰʬ塣
ˣ
ʮյǿߣλɻʣ
ʩչӡ̳ħƿʼպڰħ棬ҲоЩӦ
ħ̳ճħ棬óߺڰͳʬ壬УħɷʬںϣͷųΪǿҺڰǣкڰ̳θסһ˿˿Ҳ޷ɢȥ
ޱڵӼһ㣬͵ȴŽ
淢ַ̳ħǺҲԺڰ繦úڰȷڰʿݡ
ãʬ屻һǿߣץһ«ƺ«Ǻ«Ҳһƿʬ˲䱻С
һʿó¶񣺡ѪǵѪӡǵԼɽ磬ж񣬳Ϊߣ޷õֻͣҪ·֮мְ꣬ҲһߣʱɵõٽǼУ
룬Ѫ־տѪһЩѪγ֣зߡɹͥѪɫġ
ƶˣֿʼû⣺ŶԭǷߣһɻʽ·ҪҲף
βμ·ķ߲һλƯյλɻʣҲ࿴漸ۡ
ˣ
ʮϢѪ
ݶ֮ϣֿʼƶͷâ봦桢ͨγɣӡõ֮С
ȻֻȼϢָ֮ʣ־ͽ˵ָûˣ޷ںδ
ʿþںϣ붷֮У˲仯ȥֻΪ
Ȼ̫࣬ÿ˶ǰ棬ֽ֮С
Ҳã⿴֣Ԫɾƹӡֹǿߣ֪ܿҲ컯ɽ硭ɣȻ뿪
ȴֻ۱ˣһ
Īˣ
ɿлӦɽһһɽٲµӣڼ۱Ա߻һˡ
ԭһˡ
У۱ת˵ͷ򿴵һһӣһۣûǿϢòҲΪͨվȺ֮Уʵڿһ֮ˡ
Ҳ̫ͨ뵽²ڡƿ߳ǿߣȻҲΪܸоܷһɲ⡣
Ȼλӣȴͨ˸оֻһͨʿ
Ȼ۱ʶҲǰȭλǣ
㻽ǰɣû뵽˴Цݣһԡ֮Уݶ
棬ǰ񣡡ܶԷʲôˣΪ
û뵽ͨӣһ仰ڳһľɽϢҲϢǷɽʿҲǷ߰ɣ
ǣȻ⡢ȻѾطݣ·Ǹ̨ȻǿߣأҲ޷סʱ̻¶ݡ
ͨˣо˹ֵֹģһͨˣȴܿǱ֮ǰ˵ˣ
ʱɿдûи˵ϴݣǶԷģĺܣܿڶɽܶ꣡
𣿡һδ۾Ҳ̫Щ
˭֪˷·𿴴˼΢Цǲþȣȥܶط󲿷ɽ綼ȥȥ޷׺Ϊ죡
ѣʱ۱æվµĺӲǰ
⻹桢ͨһ۱ʵԭ»˿ס
ɵðһˡ
ҲǳͨûֿࡢΡɣ֮ƤЩڣüǸһ룬һ˫ͨ۾Ҳ޷ǰϵһ
棡
û뵽뿪ˣһ仰۱棺·̨úñԼĪ̫Լһ·ףȥԶĵ;Ҫâɣҫ۰˷ʱ㿴磬Ż᲻һ


2296 پ
ǰ
ⷬо񾭣»֮ʣȴѾʧ
ͨҲûƼȥ˺δоƾվʹɽʧ
ұ̣˵һ·ףѵ֪ǰ£ֻһ˵
ĥ֮󣬻޷ʻ۱λ˭
۱һ޺ЦݣҲҸѣҲ̫֮Ϊ˺ܺãֻҪסĻλ֪ټ˵õ࿴
˵˻ͨˣ֪۱Ȼ֪ܶһ˿ں
ȴͨʾ⣬Ȼ˴۱ǲò˼ݣȥֻ۱Ρ
˼һҡҡͷֻǲ̫λǰһ
۱ЩھΣͻȻ˵磬Ҳ²⣬ҲʵȻμ·棬ӦչԼʵ˿ɽ翴ĲЩӣҲһ֣
Ĭһ󣬱ͨص֮У۱ɽţ˵ȴʹ
䣬һЩŮ½
ΪҲʥȻҲвɻʣÿŮϵһңϷһɫѩ֡
Ӧþѩɽ磬ѩӣ
۱ԣѩŮӸò͸ⲻ˿ڨ
ಣ
ʱΧӶŷѩһòޱȵŮӡ
һַӰһλɻƣһ嫾ɽѹ
˿գ֪˭˰Ե
֮û˸ҿ
ΪޱڵӻһŮӶԣһޱеӣȻͷλɻΪΪģΪǴҫ濴Է̹ȻЦݣȴš
Դӣɾ
˵Χˣ˺һУޱھӡپԱǸŮӣǷѩŮ֮һ꣡
ޱھӣپ
ѩŮӣꣿ
Ȼ֪˵֮˶İǶԣҲپ֡

پǶ֮ϵһ̻ṫȻģϣɹõ͵š
˼ɵĽȵȸӱ飬ȴپ겢һĻȴ뵽ͥλţ˺񳤿ХͫӦҲɣ·ɣХ֪ɱڵӣƼҲᵱǵˣ
ʦ֣㻹ǻȥɣ֮Уٶ߽Ϊѩһ·羪һ꣬ѤЦݶԹپס
پ󷽸ֶҲ˵ڳҪȥѩһУôȥ컯ɽ磬ʦþĪټ⣡
Ȼپһ·꣬ɧš

˭ɧܵϰٴϵľţʵȻʵ˭˺һ֣
磬ͱ࿴꣬˼ǴŮǺǣѩһŮӣغ쳡
غҲǶٴ֮һ
ǵȻκδжţޱڻһֹʵڹپ֮ϣΪ컯ɽĻʵȼ磬ǵһ˶
ֹ
Ҳ̫ˣ
˵֮ʮǿ֣Ƕ֮ϰ֣Ҳȫܼסǲסûȥ˼ֻҪסһּɡ
ȴҲܾģ桢ͨ۱ΧһʵжڴپȷѩŮӡ
ͻȻ뵽ɹŮΪɹȴֻڴɽ磬ɹԸɹչȷѩһ졣
ף·һ̣δͥǿ߲̻ᡢڡɽȵǿߣǼȻͥҲɹйأ·֮УһҪЩ֪ɹ
ܶ˶ȥپ׽ԲǰپǸޱڸͷλɻƣͺˣϣȥš
ֱޱͨޱڵһǹپ׷׹÷ѩŮ
ͷ̳ޱǿ߼پҲ񣬿ɼޱڵĵλ
һɽѩɽ磬֮컯ɽ磬аʱ䣬һʮ꣬·棬һҪõʥӣҲҪҵ취ΪϹ
˲佫˴뿪ޱɽ硣
۱һ࣬濴ɽˣ뵽ǧΪ·Ŭ¶һ컯֮УҪԸܰһˣ·֮УҪЩͥǿߣɹ
ʦ֡
ڣ󲿷ˣ޷ȴ
Ϊ봦һѩγɵĽڣپͬޱڵӣȷѩŮ˵ЦƵ裬ĽҲһձ
ǼʶӵķɣСɢܱȵģһ򲽣˼ˣһٻǴӡ


2297 
ˣˣʧȥһת۵Ļᡣ
ϴ󡭡
ۿͿҪѩɽ硣
֮С˵֪ΪΣҾ÷ѩǹɺһʶ
󣬵һʱ뵽ĻͼʶĪǷѩͼйأ
񣬻ͼڲѩЩͷŵϢһҲͬҲܾϺһϤڣСҲ˵Ȼ
Сɻʵƽ޹ʸܵϢϤ
󣬴ʹһڷڰʱ֮УһƬâһټ֣һѩ
ѩɽ磡
ʿסƶ뿴ѩŮӡ
󴩹֮еĸӰӣʱ򣬴һκ
˼æվ⻺ɢȥ硣
ǰǰװѩɽͷŮڴͷ̳ΧƴŮӹӭ꣬پֱȷѩӣһͨʧ
ԶѩɽϿգЩѩŮնУ·һƬƬѩڱѩ֮λ÷衣
Ŀ
ȻѩһŮΪŮڶ࣬еҲв٣еһѩۣų
̳߳ŷѩԶ봫淢ַ̳ɽһǰһ
ǵһŮӣƺð̶ɣԼʮɶߣ·վڹǰѩ
ȻһŮӵעǴŮӵ֮УоһϤĺ
ڴ˼ʴ澪㵺ϴɼǵǴص±ԭأҸоڱԭսͷ֮󣬴֮иоĺΪƣ
͵ĵͷȷرԭΪƣԭλŮǰȻϢԭŮϢƣѵѩԭλŮǰй
Ҳ˵߱йϧϴ޷ŪԭŮӵı̾
ϴεõŮӵ㲦۵ںϲ٣õ۵ഫУõϷѩŮǰйأҲܴӷѩܴŮǰŮӵ񡭡
ԶǴڷѩ֮еŮ֮ܿеŮӴŲʮ꣬һ˫ҶüӺۣӣС绪
ǵҲڲס˴Լ²δºۼƤŮǰ¡
֮·һŮӣڵȴʲôΪ֮֮ʣҲõ·ڿŷѩһС
뿪̳һδҪȶʮ󣡡
ΨһĴڣ궼ȥΧ뿪󣬽ŷѩָ뿪
Ψ۱棬һüѩӳ棬ǿн˴ǰ
۱ͣѩӽͣΪһ亹磬˵ѩŮɣǲǿĸˣϾҪ֣
ǿϴŮȴǻˣһ
ǷѩأǷѩӣ޷񡭡ŷӣȥ񿴸
ŷѩӽ뿪̳ؾ֮
ǵڹ֮ǰĵԭվڷѩ֮Уȴһâӵ֮ͷţǿңϷѩƮ㣬ʲô˷֡
ȴͷŵâ֮ͻȻһƷ·ӵ֮б¡¡ҡΡ
£
֮⴫ͷ̳ɽΧѩӲԿ˷ѰҸղǹԴ
Ƿѩһ֮أ겢δֹ֮£ֲֳٷѩڸʩչӦ֮
ǰ֮£֪ʲôʱһŮӣ·ñѩ˿沿סȴܿüͷ֮£һ˫ǵ˫ۡ
ŮӦüΪᣬӹ֣һʱ֮£ŵֹ¡
֪ǲŮӵˣǹǿҶ΢΢١
쳣ӰҲӹ֮ƾճ֣һ֮£Ҳ¹ŮԱߡ
ŮҲȻͲᣬɫ£ֳȣоﶯȣܽһɽ飬ƺܿκܡ
Աһ긾ŮʮͷûǰϣȴܵԾ⡣
Ů񳤵мƣƳһ¹ŮӣֿԱߵ񣬺ĵˣӽѩ£δйΪνͻȻˣ
ŮӶԸŮͷʦڹޣ˵һӦ٣Ҫɣɱһ磬ĪҵӦ٣Զŵ֮ϣ
Ƿѩ֮ǰѾҵһ֪ܣҷѩһλǰһؼҷѩÿһϯӣںʶһϯӣǱһϯӣû뵽ǰÿһϯӣں꣬δйֶϣȴף


2298 Ѱ
ʦ֪
Ҳ̫һ˵ô࣬ϯػŵÿһϯӵӦ٣һˣϣӦǰؼ򣡡
ڴ꣬ͻȻˣƲ뺮йأҲ֮ǰйأ
һվ˵
Ůףȥ˽ղһʿÿˣ
ʩչӡܿӹϿճʮϢ޵ǿߣʧ֮С
Ҳȥʱ¹ŮӲվ
ŮŮ֣֮쳣ȥЩʿŷѩӦ٣Ӧ٣ղ춯Īϵ㣬ҲҷѩϵҲܽ⿪ҷѩһЩӡǣϣһ칬֮λУҲ֪Ϊʦ֮λ̫࣬λҳϣϴܾ컯ŻۻԼ컯Źϵѣ೤ż㣬ҲڰΪʦȨϣܳԽÿһһͳѩɽ硣
ʦ쳶Ṽ㣬ҲɲֶΣ֮ˣõӦеĳͽ䣡Ů˵꣬긾ŮŹϵ
ѩ֮⣡
ŷѩӴٶʿһ̸ո뿪һѩ總һɽ塣
λµǿϢǿ߰ΡȻ˵
˱ΪҪ뿪ѩ֪ѩˣ˿µϢ£Ϣܽύѩӣڵհ
û뿪ɽһɽȣΧǹѩô빬Ϣ˶ʳܡ
ʱȴɽΧʮѩǿߣֶڸӦٶʿϢ
۱һ£㿪ʼյ治ƿ̫ȻһٶС
һɽ컯ɽ磬·Ҫаʱ䣬ҲҪ취ʵ

µɽۣ֮޵ĳ긾ŮԼŮӰӦòǱ𣬶־
긾Ů·쳣⼸ųΪӦЩˣֻʮΪɻ۷壬زӡڲܣ˽ͨɻʣΪʦδʮϣʲô
Ůףһ˫۾·ѩ㼯ɣҲδֲ֮

ʦз֣
֮ǰʦ̫עÿϵĲԼӡȴΪʵĶдߣǱϼһ˿䣬㿴ٶʿ֮УжעϢڰпɹЩŮӣȥ׽
ȷ󲿷ֽˣ˵ֻмΪӰ죬Ϣ֮Умߣмʿ
֮Щߣλɻʣ۷ɻʣ㿴һͨһɻʣԼһλɻʣϹŶһ̤һֱ˽עһζУʵز򵥣
ʦùִһɽ磬Ӧû֣
֪ΪʦߣΨк쳣ʵ֮ǰҾͲһϤϢһˣҲһϹϢ
긾Ů˵һӡ滺۱Ρ
ԱŮָŻ۱ɣһɲķӡһӡ޷ʵ
ʲôݣҾͲ˵ˣΪʦµİ˾ŲʮŮ޵
ȻдĪǾǴϹŵ춯֮ˣ
ΪʦҲܿ϶ֻܽȥ⿪ܣԱһɻʣû뵽һߣҲ⣡
ף
ǿʶ˲ʧ
µ۱뿪ѩͨУһʵڷѩȻС
һδͻʮ꣬㹻һʵ
뿪֮һɽϢ桢СţУͨҲ֮г®ǧ¶ҲһȻ֮
ɻѪɻʸ߶ȵԴɣѾϴζ˲Щʮ˲ιҲժȡɾֻʣһЩͨꡢǧ˲ι
֮ɻΨһԴɡʥɾҪΪԴ̤ɻʣǰʽͬԴҲ췭ظ仯
ʮܿȥԷѩ˶۱𣬷ѩ
ѩ󣬷̳һٶ˵ȴû뵽ηѩռ֮࣬ŮŮУеĵ໥죬󲿷ַѩӸ
ѩǵһӰҪ֮࣬󣬲ÿӽ໥ʶϤ
βδپ꣬ѩ󲿷ֵӶΪͨɻҲв٣Щ죬֪Ϊ·ȥ
ڷѩˣųΧҲȥѩύѩӽһ߸ϵģ
û˰ɣǣڻ۱ԱԵλãһͨŮӣǷѩӣָſλԻ۱ʵ


2299 Ȼ
ѩˣŵεĵӣ
һŮӣ
۱æŲλãЦǺǵȻûˣһƲͨɻʡ
л
Ů۱ĸо
۱ͷ磬Ϊɲ򵥣ҿλɻʣʵһѩ֮ҪҳֺĵӣûҲǧ֮࣡
氵пŮӣȻЩòȴ޷͸ŮΪֻܸӦɻϢҵǿΪֻϡо
ͻȻЦǲǶ˼˼˼˵иӦ˼ңòҪҪҸǣߴţŮӺ
ҿͲʵҲʺ㣡
ɣˣϧǸϵҪȡһŮӣ˵ʲôԸ⣡
ӣ˵ýˣ
ɽºȻ֪Ļۣɽʮ֮ǰ컯žһֱΪѰ£Ѱʺ˫ŮӣѩʵܶеӡŮӶлԼڴɽ磬ԼһϵֶΣڲҲ֮һˣԼôԼƽ
ȻЩ
Լ
ʿ֮䶩飬û뵽ô
û뵽ģ½磬ɹǲ֪ġ
ʱ۱ֱӵ죬ԱŮҲԻԼ̫ѰĽۣ˼컯žţ컯ΪѰ¾òŻһŮӣ۲֪¶ˣܶ˼ʣٸ˵Ȥ£Ͱˣ㿴ѩʵ컯֮ǰҲΪۣѩ˵Լ
󣬿ЦãҲ֪
֪ҲУ컯ǵǿһɽ硢컯γˣǾްԣǾţ
ԣ˲ѩֻоӣ䣿
绹ǵ֮ǰپһꣿ
ǵãһ𾭹꣬ǵҲУĪǱѡУǸҪ컯žʢԼʽŮӣ
۵ѩҲ꣬ȻòǷѩŮ֮һȴͬ⣬۾ݶзѩһɫŮӡغ쳡
غ쳣ȻǷѩһòŮӣ뻪ҲɲŮò֮
磬ˣ
Ҵˣ
Żغ쳣뵽ǺǣǿϵһӣһӾȻϻۣܾںݺݴ˻ۣԼ컯ŵӴ컯ѩϵ񻯣
غ쳣»ŮӣԣӦκһŮӣ컯ſأͲȥغ쳾Ȼ
δ˵ˣҲغǸŮӣϧûѩҲûĿλŮӵݣˣ
۱˵Ȼʾ濴һŮӡ
ҡͷȥƤ񣬱һ溢ģʵƤ
ȻŮʵӣղǵĻӦöˣǷѩӣһغ쳣һѽƯ𣿡
ΪðʧٶӭŮüȻŮȴش𣺡ȻƯҲֻǼΣǷѩһӣ鴫κӼ¶Ϊԡ
磬ɣ˵ˣغŮӣ⻰׽˱ϻӴ򿪣ŮӿĮҪش⣬û۱һֱ׷⣬ϲŮӡ
һﻹһףʳŮСȻ
ʹ뿪ѩɽ磬Ŵ֮У濴޾Ԩ컯ɽ硣
ּ۱ʱʱȻϼ䣬һ֮ǰһʲô취ѩǵʱʶȻÿԴһ
ƳһȻһʣ˲֮
۱нӴȥʵ
۱ͶȻȭͺĨǣ㣬Ҵޱɽ紫ѩһ̣ʹ֮ԶһһһŮӵ񣬿Ϊʱͺ֪żӣӦ֪ɣ
ģ涼˼Ƥ
ȻĬţȴĮᵽ񣬿ʦǶԵģ֮УЩϺԵˣùϵ춯֮ˣҲϵӦ١
ΪȻشʱȴԻ۱˵ǵҷѩ֮ʱʹڵĹ֮˵ҷѩĪϵǿҷѩǰ֮ҷѩǧ˿Ƶϵȴɹ֮ˣ֪
ʣ𣿾û𣿡
ѩǰ֪ĸʱڣ֮зֿһ֣Щ

Ż۱棬𵴡
֮дص±ԭǸŮӣҲΪһСֵʯű¶誵˷𣿡


2300 컯ɽ

ԭŮӹ֮Уһ֣ȻѩҲһ֡
ζʲô
һҲĽͣǱԭŮӣǱͬһˣҲ֤Ĳ²⣬ѩԭŮӣȻĪ
Ȼ˵ǷѩԶǿпܷѩǱԭ֮Ůǰ
һΪ󵨵뷨Ժ֡
ѩǱԭŮǰģ
ɲƾղ룬²ŮǰҲŷֲĹϵ
ҵȻùϵδͨӴ˽ѩܣӦÿԴӷѩ֮УҳԭŮӵ
һ̣˼۱һҪճȻ˵н㣬ã趼ԡ
ճȻŮûѰŮǰҲǳ֣еĸ˵еĲ˵һҲ¶
֪ʲôʱʱճһƬʰ쵵âǷѩҲƬ
ʮɫبŲʯâ֮бɸֹâıʯһ̫˶ޱɽ࣬ԶѩɽһҪࡣ
컯ɽ磡
컯ɽ磿֮ܳ浽˳̶ȣֲ컯ɽ类Ϊһɽ磡
վԽԽ컯ɽ硣
һɽ磡
ǹϵģһ·ʮɽ磬ɽ硢ޱɽǳ޴⣬컯ɽһЩɽ֮֮Ϊ档
컯ɽ֮ǵһɽ磬ܴ󣬵ԣʵɽһЩȴ֮ܳһɽ硣
Ϊ컯ɽǹϴΪĹɽ磬ɽ硢ޱɽЩǹɽ磬컯ɽΪһЩ֮컯ɽ˷ɽ硢ԽˣγһƬټǿɽ磬ű֮Ϊһɽ硣
ʹٶ̫죬ʱѾ
컯ɽޱߣԽԽѪӿа꣬ҿ컯ɽ磬ѰһصؿޣӦÿȡͻһ磬̤ɻʣǿʵȥ·棬ԣҲڴ̨ԣ˼ʶұɣͥǿߡ
㣬Ƕ컯ɽ粻ϤҪʹһ𣿡ʱ𱦱ֲȻȻ⣬ʵԼҲԸ⡣
Ȼʵȥ컯ɽΪ£
۱ȥμ·棬˳ȥ컯ɽ棬Ű֮ȥܹ䣬ɽǱɽˣ
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ͻȻʧʹȻ컯ɽ絽ˡ
滺Ŵڴʹϵ⻷Լ⳾β׹䡣
ĻɢǰһɽԼһһƯɭֻ֣ܿʮ㱻֣һЩʿΧնУϢϹϢ
컯ţ
Ϊ컯ţɽ֮УȻǿ֮һͥʹСɽ컯ǰĲ
һЩɭƯڸ߿գڴͷ̳ɽԼɣͷ̳žŸ޴Ӧʹעʹôʹͨ˷ɽ硣
ǰ컯ŵӣûһ۸ڶ̬֮дţһλɵӣӴĶɻʣҲͨʿ
ѩ󣡡컯ŵӳ˷ʿǸϳǶԴѩΪ
˾ӦԻ۱ǷѩһӾܾ컯ŵһӣӴˮݡ
ѩȥκɽ磬ԱΪϱ컯ţлš
桢۱ȻԼʿ̤ͨ컯ڲˮڣͷظӦ֮۾컯ŵ߿֮Уϧ޷ա
罫˴֮⣬¸Ӧ޷͸ȥҲо¯֮С
ϧ컯Ŵͷ̳Ȼֻ컯űɽһǣƾ޷˽ټ컯ŵ̡
֮ǰ컯й˽⣬컯ɽ컯Ϊ컯ִ֮ӡⷽɽ磬ԼΧɽ磬νΪ𣬹컯µӾǧɽ컯žɽ֮УΪǿһޱɽ硢ɽ硢ʥɽҲһء
컯ִ֮ӡͬҲϹΪϵķ컯֮롮
컯֮컯ţټ⣬꣬˶֪Զŷ컯Դڼ飬ִǬ
ûȥעӡ޵Ĵڣ֪ڵɽ磬ɽ綼ӡ䱦⣬컯֮ȴǵɽ֮УԶšǿ󷨱Ĵ
ŵƺ«Ҳ컯֮ķֻʢ⣬ƺ«ȻһЩãƺ«Ŀռ֮ȴ컯֮ûеġ


2301 컯
컯ɽǿᣬ˵߶ӡó컯ֻܴ֮ѹκһ
ڤڤ֮Уо컯ẉ̂ɽһԶ޷ȵġ
ͨһֱ̣ӽͳ컯ŵ
ǰƮڰյɽֺξ
컯ŵƿشͨƿһɽ֮еĹ㳡ڹ㳡ΧѾϢ
۱أ˼Ƿѩӣ׷󲿷ѩӶʶ
һɨΧˣЩ˹Ǹով󣬴Ӱ˷ɽ紫ͶˣɻʾȻռ߳ɣȻλɻʱȽ϶࣬λɻʣɻҲв١
λɻʴ󲿷ֶǶߣΪ·ǲ컯ţϢ˽ⷽɽ硣
Χʮˣû컯ŵά򣬵ûһ˸һ֮¡
濴۱ҲϢϰѰط
ͷճȻ㣬Ƕ컯ɽ粻Ϥû£Ǿ͸ɺã
ȷʵû¡ƺֲ۱Ȼֻͬ⡣
һʿ֮侭ȥ֮Ѱһ˾Ϣ濪ʼԼ֮۱ƲδʵҲںᦡ
ֻȻ޹أڤڤ֮УоȻںϣӦ֮ܡ
ټ㳡ɽһȻʿ
Ϊһ⣬ӾϤ
һˣȻᣬѾɻʣ߻źüɻʣһȺࡣ
ȥ컯ŵӣԼ̳Χ˴ϢҪ꽻Χɻʡ
̳ɻ˫ͫȧܼȣ棬һֱ㣬һӭ컯ɽ磡
ƹӣ
ͥľš
ʱƹ̳Ѱ⣬һҲѰ档
ʮɻΧһͫС
Сʮӣһɫһ˫ͫ͸һɲ򵥵ơ
һЩСԣֻܴܶһ˫ͫ
ɾȥѰ棡ʮɻֻ¼ˣӿͷ̳
ͥЩûץס棬նɱ٣컯ɽ磬ҪԽѹСԲɣ֮Уִɱ֮
ɿ濴СԻһʱߣ˿ԶʹǿߣԪɾ
ƹڷ̳һˣǿѰټԪɾǿһд⴫⣬Ѵ
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֮⣬̫࣬кܶɻʣӰźܶʩչӦ
Ȼ
֮£桢۱Ȼ·ʯһ㣬ڤޡ
־棬Ȼſ˫ͫͫһĨ׵İ
ϴҲӦˣ
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ɿӦһ¾֪ˣ֮ɫܿʧ߶ɿӦںϡ
ʮϢԽӡͬɻϢɿȻȵԪɾʮԶʹɻǿߣ㣡
ˣٲߣǱȻܴӿ㳡컯ŵҵҵټ²˳٣ռȻҺͻɻʣӦҲɻһԪɾ
氵ֶԻ۱ǿڹ㳡ѰңȻ֮󣬻ǵ·濪棡
ԣ㣬ճȻ۱ͬ⡣
ҸȻǱһ˷ɳ㳡⴦ɽ
㳡룡
ӣҵټˣ˾һͶŰʱ֮ǰ
ɻƹǰͳһȭ
桭컯ɽ磿˹ƾΧ֪ͷŸӦѰңǷϢĪ֣ܶ컯ẉ̂ƹϢѪڡ
˫·滹аſڣնɱ棬õƺ«ԼܣҵʵȻһɻʶ壬·пΪ
Ĭһ󣬾뼸ǿɢʿ֮Ѱ䡣
ͬ
Ȼող̤컯ɽ磬ϵȥңҲ֪ͨڸĶʹǿߣѰ棡
Ԫɾ¸֣Ҳ컯ŵϤ컯ɽ磬˿ʼ˺֮Ѱ١
ǿɼˣƷʯ
ܿ춫ʹǿ۱Ȼóʯģ
Ȼҡҡͷûãƹ¸ҲѰ
Ȼʱ΢΢⣬ʵһ컯ɽ磬һǶʹǿߣΪԪɾҲμӹһ·棬ƺҪҵ桭


2302 ɻʶ
̫ͥ
۱ҲͷŸӦԶԶʿ֮УԪɾǸ֣˼Ȼμӹһ·棬˵ΪӦ̤ɻۣ֮Ҳţܶ޷ͻƾɻʣɾ͵磡
ȻԳǳ£κһʿ԰Ͳץסκλᣬһ̤Ԫɾܰ꣬ԻԸ⴦ɻʾˣѾгΪ˾ǲǵֶҲͨʵ
Ҳ̫£ʹҲеӰ죬ǶɽǿΪΪʣСɽ磬ڴɽ֮УҲͷ֪ĴڣʵҲСˣϣ£
֪Ԫɾ۱ЩΪ浣ġ
ܲ򵥣̶ʱͲϢ컯ţ֮㣬ҪҵһˣǵҲѣȻ˵꣬
ڣȻԡ
ҲͰ㹦ȥ֮⣬ʩչ֮ȺɽԽǳأ
뿪컯칦һϿ֮еóƷƷʯ취̳桢ɿţСͨ
ͨ®ǧ¶Ҳ컯ɽ羫
®ǧ֪컯ɽ磬ޱȣǾȻ컯ɽ磿ԭʦʦ飬Ҫμ·棬ҷҪʦ컯ɽ磬ϧ˼ҾǲӦû롭
Ƿ¶Ҳǵһ컯ɽ磬ɽ꣬Ҳûвܴͥ컯ɽ硣
֮Ըо޾ء
ʩչöɲڴ֮зںϻϵСţɿѿ֮е֮һѪʩչӡԼ֮һָĴ
ҲӦﶯɵƷҩʵӦκϢ⡣
̤ɻʾ磬ڳСǧǧʱȻ컯ţȻӦʹ̻ϢĸӦ
ԽԽ֮ڣоɱ䣬״̬ǳɡ
һ֣ͷŸӦȴܸӦϢͨԪĹĵ¡
ĵͨǧѾԪ󣬾֮УҲ
ĸӦѾ󣬵ȻҲΪΪ̤ɻʣɾ磬컯žҪ̻Ԫɾ·½ء
̻ԪɾĪ⣬·濪·֮УνǸϾɱԪɾǿ󣬵μ·̻ǿߺһǿȻҲμ·棡
û־ǿߣʰƹԼʹЩǿߣҺΣѵҹȻ컯ţɱ֣
׷ɱζܣֻҪٵȴ꣬һ·ʵǿһ֣ú»𶥼ɻʵҪնɱɻҲ¡
·ԸǿУһǰδеľѻᡣ
ž
һڴ֮зöɲ֮ΪɻѪԴΪϵ̥Ԫʯ۵ǣȫ𣬳һ۷塣
ȡһޣɻʣ
桢СɿţԷǿʵΪҲʶ·棬²ܲμӣҲڰΪһ
СӵлͼͼںһЩʱͷŻͼΪá
ͨҲΪѪ״̬óħ׷ԽɵħķѾȫСɣħںϣķʵħʵͨѾӵλɻ
ħ֮ͥУɻ֮һĲ٣ͨΪӴ˾ŵʿһͨڣʵԴﵽɻ졢ĸ߶ȡ

ʮ
Ȼ֮ôãﵽһ۷壬ںһй۷壬ܸͻơ
֮УöɲںϻϵʼںϷÿһŹ
ʵô죬ϵĪϵȥֱɼɣöɲԻϵΪԴõϵֱ绢
֮УԻϵΪԴ㹻ȥںһ
ʮ꣬ڰʱ䷨ʧֻصȻ֮УںϷʵôʼ֮ɻʾ
ʱÿ˶Ҫȫ֮£ʱַš
ʮûϵ֮һ̤һɻ۷壬úÿʱ䣬ÿһʱ֮ջ


2303 
֮мڿԳɻʣԻϵΪԴͷŻֱӳϣԼһֱѪ
ͨһʱʣ޼Ҳɻ۷壬ȡ̤ɻʣֲˡ
֮ǰٶ棬洦ͬ߶ȣ̤ɻ֮ԿͻٶԽԽֲͻƵٶȱɾ磬˰ٱǧ
±Ȳ棬ٶȣѾ󲿷ɻʡ
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ڱһһѪоҪ飬г顣
ͻһ̣·ѾըڣǽҲŲ飬һ㷢ըһҲˣκһռѪϣڲ״̬
ϴɽ֮ãҵõϵƷҩҲ̤ɻʡ
ʹ֮и泩Ǽ
ͥ컯ɽ磬;ĥѣʱ⣬컯ɽ磬һв֪֮УԳΪһУһǿ;
ϤޱȵĽһɻܣʱѾû˲ι̷ֻɻѪԼ߼ҩ
һþԴͻƶɻʣһҪͻƣûԴɻʡ
𵤴״̬һ֮У羧˿һĹߣԼһЩԣܿ໥ںתΪ𵤡
һҲʼᣬټԿֶ¿ٳѪϣزءҲڽ״̬֮УŽᡣ
ͨԪڹĵ±£ӼҪʧ״̬绨һһƬƬᡣ
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һ˲䣬컯ɽ磬Ѿ֮ܿ⣬֮߿ձ޵Լϡٵ֮ڶɻ֮£ҲܿһƬ
ٿڣһҪ࣬ǽ𵤻һϽԸΪԵʯبƯڡ
زѪ֮УѪѪֵ٣Ѫڴ΢״̬Ϊգ֮ϵĻӡӡҲΪʵ·ڱԴ
ڹĵͨԪٿĵ¸оһ£ÿһ··һֹԣһ
ͨʱͶأϲҪʱ̤ɻʣִ·ػ£

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ȻĲ鲻Ը̤ɻʣ̤죬Ҳһ˿ϣֻޱ߾ġ
ӴɵɻʣǷ¶һ֤ĿֲǹǷκηҲ֮ѷɫ̫ࡣ
̤ɻʣ㿪ʼ֮ٴʩչöɲټѪִһȦһѪ½ƾѪҲ졢ɻ
ϻϵ֮һЩɻʾҪһʱ䣬һʵ
ֹȥʮ꣬Ἣһ֣ȴѴڶɻʽΪ״̬ͷȾȻ򣬴Χʮ⣬ܱʩչΪͨ򣬽ʿС
Ѫκһ飬ɻʵʩչһѪѪҲвɻʵʩչһ㣬ܿɻʡ
ʩչͨԪǧԪطԦԶ쿰ɻԪ
ʵԪʵҲɻ£̤һݣʵҲľɱ䡣
Ϊ߶֣֡ͫӡͨκλɻҲҵĶ֣Կλɻʣʱ·棬ǿ߽һϷâ˽ʵʩչöɲʮʱ䣬޳
ڼҲ֮УںͨʱѲÿ°ʱ䣬ַͨںϡ
ڽ꣬Źʮ֮꣬
ˣ
һϢھ˶
һԭɽȵƳɽ
߶ʶ֪컯ɽ磿Ī˵ģֻ֪ƹԪɾң
һ޵ʶ͸Ƴɽʶ̻ϲͥ컯ɽǿߣ䣬Ӧʶȥǡ
ƳɽȲǿߣڻǡ
컯ֱӹϽµɳǣκɱ̻ҵ棬Ҳû˸Ҷ֡
Ĭһ߶ԪطӦǰͶȥǣ
ϵһ֮УƳɽСӣŶ겻̤ɻʾ磿̻κβ㣡
Ƴɽʮ꣬Ȼܲ׽ɻʶ
֪֮ͨ󣬴׼ãͽȥҲ֪ͨ۱ȥǻϡ


2304 ǿ
֮ǰѩɽռ컯ɽͼټͼҵ컯ţ컯ŵΧǳ֮һ컯ŹϽ컯ŵİԵȻκڳǳ¡
̻ԪɾҲְͨ취ҵǣҵΣǸڳǳ涯֣
ƾŻǹأɸǿһ𣬵ȵ·濪ûκȻܲųеӣðŵ컯ţڳǳض֡
һܣЩ컯йϵʶĳҲȨԸ档
̫ܶܣ컯źεܱһɽȥƣ̻ᡢԪɾСɽǿߣһ컯ɽ磬׺һڡ
ţ֮Сɿ桢ͨҪǣ˲һʱǡ
뻯βҪǮҪܵ컯ŵӵǼǣ𿴳µ컯ŵֻʥɾ磬ԴɻɻʣԴͨˣͨΪ컯ŵǰκɽǿҪǰһ֡
ˣ
мţһ֮£ʮڽΣֱȺ֮зӰӣǲżӭ
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ͨС浱Ƴɽ
Ƴɽͷ̾ڰȫ컯ɽ磬ףף֮󣬴̤ɻʣǰ㣬ͥȻҲɻʾ磬컯ɽ磡
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ǿߣֻмйӡ˴඼ǵһμ档
˴Ų֮ɫ̲סɵΪֵͥӿʲôͷۣȴһλɻʣ
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Ī⣡ҡҡͷһ棬ֿЩˣһ˿ζЦ⡣
ڷʮͬ£˳뻯ǡ
Ϊһųǳأģ֮󣬽̶ֵҲ󣬳ǳ֮а߶ɽΪ׾޴Ưڰգл
֮еûһ컯ŵѲߣЦ˭ڵһųǳ£κһٸӣҲҡ
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ڷ£濪ʼڤڤ֮кȻ־¥󲿷Ϣ컯ɽ磬Ȼ԰˷ɽ磬Ϊ·
ϢպƳɽƶ״̽档
ѾӶ֮ҵ֣׷׾Щ⣬УΪ浱μ·ֻһʱЦû뵽ͨ˳Ϊߡ
ڣζûⰲţƳɽƶ׼Ȱ滹ǼҪμ·档
Ƴɽ͸Ŀ⣬ĥһ㣺ͥ٣ν˷һ˲Լμǿߣѵ̻ᡢɽ䡢ƺǡڡħŵȵЩûеڣҲ֪ӵƺ«·֮Уץסɱ㣬㱦мôšǿߵΧɱ
ƶҲѣ峤˵ĲºһǿߣԽ·Ҳĳ¶ɻ̤·һƻɱ㣡
ߵĻΪá

沢δаԥȻȻμ·棬һûй·ѡ񣬵κ·߳ģڲ·ҷҪ߳һ·λǰģβɱҵ⣬ɱɱǵ⣬·֮ɱңһῼǽɱһ
ͻȻһĴָԼĿ⣺ұʿλģһ棬̫֣ͥóȻҷȣҪشξ棬·֮еǿߣȻҷȵѡ񣡡
ңꣿŷǧ꣬ʲôΪȴƳɽʹѵһ١
ǿҲδܸı̬ȣƳɽǰ˵·֮ǰ

ǵڶμһɽȣȻһ̸ȻһΣԱ

֮Уɽһκһ֮ǵǿߡ
ֱչУȻ꣬鷳ˡ
һסͰɣ
ʿ¥Ϊƹ


2305 ˷Χ£ϣ
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ƹӵȭͷ߬֨֨죬ǣҲҪһ䡣
˵ǿһߣ¥ݿھѰȭⲻƹ𣿡
ȵߣ
ƹӻδعʶԼڲ²˭߼ǿȴϳߣ
һߣƹӵһɲɭ䡣
ߣһ˿⣺ԭҲμһ·棬Ƿһɳ˲·ΪֱΣ֣Ӧ֪Ϊ
߱Ϊʱ˫üҲ¥һΪģ
ɱ̻ӣֶҼ̳ɱϵӣͥΪУǷȻұӻһ·նٽ潻ңȻλ·֮ȫûҪÿˣΪ̻
̻Ҵҵͥ绽꣬컯ɽ磬ֲ̻Ұڴˣκ棡
ӣһȣǻɣ
˼ǿᣬ߸ϵƹҲУ֪ǰʱ䱻һţǴý㣬Χǿ߲Ÿ̬ȲмߵĴڡ
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ͥٵţǿߣҲǷһٮٮߡ
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ǷûˣɲǼ䣬ٷߴӶ¥¥ݶסΪ
߼ôǿ߸ɫҲȻһЩ̻ǿһָҪ򣬾ûӣ
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ұ棬ΪпܴҲû˸ҵ컯ţ˫û֣Ҳ˿
̫࣬˵ĵطгͻ컯ţҲˡ
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ͨ°ͣ͸ѪȣЦˣ㿴ƹ˵ģȴֶ컯ͶǿΪеȴҲԼôߣǲ棬ƹӻֱӰ䣡
ͬͨǣڿ֮üɣԼҲڹ̶ɻ֮塣
ЦͷŸӦƹӣҲû⣺ǿ߲ңҲ֮УϾҸȴȥ鷳ڴǴ֮ǰڷŽһ˵Щ˻ΪƹˣССְˣΪҲѹҵȣ
صƹӻ֪ΪŪ״Ϊǻɽǻʵ̻׷ɱ·һ̣һҪƹСɱ̻ÿʿ˵꣬ͨҲû£ʼ

һڷߣҹû뿪¥ݰ벽ΧţƹӶţ̻ʮǿߡ
ĳһ죬ˣ
Ϊͥǿߣһ߻ͤХȼߣʵǿ֮
֣̻ǿ߳ˣߣٷ߼һͤХˣн¶ɵ
ҲǲƹӣǺһˣͥһʿϹŶʵһΣЩɵ
컯ţҲЩ׼ЩӲҪ֣ⷽ޷ֿ

һͤХƵڣδһȺ˷ĦһǾ£˺Ų衣
֣
һЩ¥Ƴɽƶ׵ǿߡ
һԶ鱧ȭ֣
˲˽ˣΪѹϵⲻ֪Ǻһһ׷ԲԣͥһţɽХ
ƳɽֻƶźһͤХ¡
ǲģλ룡
һԵ裬ƹȥ֮ʣЦҶ֪棬ǷϴΪ棬ϣѵ鷳ǻҪŲɣһβͬϴΣǷȷҪӻ棬ӴͥΪУҸҿ϶֮󣬲·ܶͻͥз֣
ƳɽûкȲ裬͹񣺡ǰ꣬ĵǶ࣬ǷһֱͥΧżκιģۻᣬûҷȵķݣΪҵ֪֮ҵȲ֮ͥҲɵκһӼʱҲҧˣ
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һͤХ͵ӣʶ̧٣Ӵ˷ް֮գ
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ӽ£˭ΣֻҲӦֶΣĴ߶һӡǴ֮С
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֮Уһ΢ЦĺһȴЦøɱڡ


2306 ˷Χ££
ߴ½ɽ磬ĲǱԸǧн죬̻̫ҪĲ棬ƺ«ȱˮкηֱ𣿸ǣ
ȻƳɽҲźһ޵ϹŶҲǿޱȣ˵ƶ׶ȥ
ߣ
·һЩ̻ǿߣƹΪףվ֮ԱǵЦ
ΨߵȷߣһƷ·ҪнԷŭ˱̻ѹѾǵΪԵʡ
һϼһ꣬󣬲ϲģӦΪԽɻʣȷĮӷȵʱ
ڣںһƳɽ֮ĶԻ桢ͨһ
֣ͨ޲̻Ἰ̳ɱһ
һ棬Ʒ·ʱͣ·ڣͥһꡭһͥ˶֪ΪѪծѪ
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ΪԪɾĳ֣̻ǿڰиӷš
Ԫɾڰǰμӹ·棬һߣԶݣܵõκϿɣȥκɽ綼һ
ǿһƽƽĴڣ
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Щ˶ȡͷģҪϱҪҴ֮أ޷ܡδʩչ಻ӦɻʺȻӦܿ¥֮Уܶǿ߶ڵжԷǿߡ
жԷߣڵж棡
Ǿ翴һȺޱȵĺˮޣҪ˺顣
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һʱ䣬ܶɻʥšħ취ԸЧҲ׷ģ£ǿ߲ٶȥ¥¥ռΡ
ڹ֮УһЩͥ˲ˣûдô࣬ҲңҲ˵֡
ںһԪɾ᰾ʿˡ˾ǿߣδĬĬŶƷ衣
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Ϊ컯ɽ磬ɽ磬ǵͷ䣬ҲóȻ֣ȥ컯š
λȥҲǰ취
죬һ죬˾ߣΧͷǶɵ컯ţԲ֣ܳܵøȴΧס淿䣬ַӡ䣬Ҿ¥Ƿӡ䣬֡߻ᣬ͵δڻ£


2307 Ⱥǿ
취ħˣΪҪħͷΪ飿ڵӡ
ֵһЦǳԷģµģǿԵȥ
¥ϣɷΧõķڣͨ󲻳һЦȺ˼ɱ˵ģȴ
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װɣһ˷ˣҪ˵ãҲǣ컯ų֣ҲҪ갡ˣµ컯ţͨҲľŵÿҪ
û˿ݣɿ棬Сţص֮Уͨû취ıľƿš
棬ҪһߣΪȻߣʱƲ棬Ƿߡ
ͬ飡
ʱҼ澹Ȼ뿪䣬֪ΪΡ
Դұȭ´󲿷ȻƲȴҲ񣺡Ҫ㣬ǣ컯ţһҪ𣿡
Ƿˣ֪Ϊ㣬ѾͥΪ𣿡һߺòӣŭһ
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֪ҷģǶǷߣǳˣ¥Щ˶ǳˣûǸӣ
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ӿⲻС˼Ҳһʱ䣬ɱ֣˭ܵõ棬ܵõƺ«ֻǧУܳΪɻʵľ׹
ϸͱ֪ͥһ˷ǧܴ꣬ӵ޳ɻʣǺεȹõĳϹŴ۵ĴУ
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һʱ䣬ڳͷǿߣڹȻǰ棬ͨͥŲһ¥ͨ¥¥ݡ
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ƳɽӸտʼԼ뷨㣬һǸǻ
ѽ㣬ƼѪߣһˣӻҲŪƶһ
Ŀ£涥ʱ̶ев¥ݿڣͥǿߣ˫ΡȻЦλˣͥһֱ׷ɱң컯ɽ磬λǵңȻϵıȷɱǲˣһҳϣҲóϣڷ翪ʼɱˣɱˣҪɱ֮ˣҵðѻ˵ףκҪΪУҶýնɱһҲգһҲĪˣ
֪ߵغСƿС˹ǵõǲ֮ʵʹȻЦ

˷һȻ˴඼Цúϲ£졣
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ˣ԰˷ɽʿǿߣƲˣҲӷ֡
Ц
ԣȷǸЦҲԼ˵ĻĿǰֻһЦ
Ȼû˿ݣŭȻڷʱҪɱңһһ𣻺ɽ½磬ڷ׷ɱңϧҲźúõģǧǰұ׷ɱ뷲ǺԨԨðɽ磬ʱֻһͨɣɣȴɡ׷ɱЩһǰȻһһɱȥأȥܶյأҲܶǿߣȻȡͷǧǰ̻֪ӵƺ«ΪԸңȻͥҽͣɹ˲ţɽǿߡ׷ɱңأȻźúõģɳɱҵǿߣɥҵУҪҪҵıҪɱңҾ˭е¥ɱҰɣһ


2308 Ҳа
˵꣬ٴ侲Ŀ⣬ɨڳһǿߣһͷ
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¥ѻȸϰ嶼ˡ
ˣ֪ڷ羭Ǻһǧֳ꣬ͥѪȷ硣
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һҪԭɽƺ«ˣǰͨɻϡ
ƺܶˣϰ壬ŻȻ֪ΪоۼһСɽǿߣҪһͨˡ
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ͥǿߣҲͻڸӡ󻹲ⶼΪɻ¹Եʡ
氵п̫ӿ֪¹ɻСɺã
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ͻȻһɻʥŵǿߣû뵽ʱ߶Ϊվ˵һСðָŻ۱Сӽͷˣ
ͷͻȻû֮ǰǸ°΢ЦĪ֨ҵ£

ˣһ֪Ѷˣ۱ȴȻǰ¥ǰ
Сô̻ǿҲȥ
۱ʱ棬ҲһЩӰˣȴ˫ֲɨǿߣ¶ЦҪԸ磿ǺǣƾǣһȺں֮ڣ
ں֮ڣǶ˶ûһĻ۱
˻һ涼ˣѾܲ۱һţʲô£
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2309 ۱Ȼɱ
ҵ졭û뵽ⱦͱһǵǿߣȥ᰾ʿһȾͷ
ͨһȫ·Ҳʶ۱
Ҳû뵽۱Ȼ˸Ƶģƽʱͺһӣ֪˳棬Ȼǿơ
С
һʱ䣬ͥǿڲ²۱Ƕ¥¥Щ˷ɽǿߣҲó۱򵥡

Сӣүһƺȥһɻʥŵǿߣ۱ǷԼģ׼ŭ
δʩչɻԼ֮ͨޱһƴȻ֣çײͨƣڡܡҲⲻ󣬲Ƕ
Сӡ˿Ц
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۱ᦣɱСһٴγΧ˽ǸղŲǶ磬ɱ˭ҳ˵һ仰һ֣СүҲҪͷأ
»뿪ˣȻܼȴǼ컯ˡ
Ļ۱Ϊɱˣ컯ųͽ䣬ֻѡ۱컯ɽ硣
һ¥ݣû˸Ҷ֣ͨ󷽣ƳɽƶסҲæһ¥
ͥʿͷһ棬󲿷ǿ߻ǵһμ档
һɨԵ䳰ɱɻʥų顺㻹֣
СӣܵģóֻװŲں
һɨǿߣˣɱħŴǿߣˣͤХ˽ԱһһɱһĶӺҹȻնףɱ𣿻ʲô
ΨͤХһ䣺뿪컯ẉ̂ڣӼ壬ѪȻҪ㣡
һ仰ȼǿߵķŭǾͷǶɻʣУȲһڹˣ޵ˣ
һŹ죬Ҳ㹷һһεͲǳϣν͵ӡ


2310 컯ǿ
һǿߣͨߣƳɽƶףԼߣҲƽһΣվɽ統һǰʹ죬һ޷֣
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Ϊף
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ʣһǿĿɿڴƤߣû˭վء


2311 ɳ²
Ƴɽƶԭ˿
ʱȥ۱ȻΪҪʷĶ󣬿»۱޷ϡ
Ͼɱˣ컯ŵ̹Ȼɱˡ
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ЩﶼǶɻʵõͻпܵģ·֮ԭһ磬ΪĿࡣ
ĪСЩرĹʵǶɻʵʵѾԽɻʣͨʵȻкܶ౦ͲطҪðգֻҪ˾ܵõЩǳ󣬱ԶŴ۵ĴУҲһֲУҲоԼ˲ιҲв٣


2312 ˵
ֲ˶Ҫμ·棡
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ԷҲŮӣ֮дϿɣô˵ǻ۱ΪʦҲòݣôϵһ𣿡


2313 ǧİ¹
Ӿǻ۱Ǹߣ棡
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û뵽һͨɻʣ׷ɱκβӵƺ«ӲصĿͶˣǷߵ֮УʡʵΪɫܱ˱ӻķߣȻҲȥܿ϶ѩйأ
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磬Ͼ棬»أɷæ̫ӡ
ԡԡ󡭡֪¹涼Ƿߣһɽ磬ϵһ㡣



2314 ½
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2315 
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磬㣡
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Գţһ¥ʱȻҲ¥ݿڣͼ۱ҡ¥漷üŪۣڹҫƺ˵컯Ҳκβ
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Ҳ˵֪Ǻԭ컯ûΪйأȻҲǸ۲йأԼ˵ˣ컯ҲκβСħͷ


2316 µ
һһȣǲüԦ
ҲʲȻӻ۱֪ԭ򣬲˵Ҳ֪Ϊ컯žŹ
ȻͻȻڼ˵һ仰Ǹһ£Ҳμ·棡
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һԭŮǰѩйأƾŮǰϵѩпܳΪˣѩţǵһҪ
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ɽ磿Ҳ컯ɽ֮еĿģѾ׼ˣ
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ⷬһ԰¹λɻΪɱȻ۱ȻΪ֮һ䡣
ˡ
ȻʶԼʲôЦϴͥͻȱۣϧûͻʲôϢδãȻڷ֮С
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Ѳ⣬ϴ԰¹֪֮ûͱǲ㴰ֽϴ󵱳֣¹졭ɿҲ²졣
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·ֵܣ鷳ˣƺ«֪ɱᱦ󲿷ֶ߶֪·뻪̤ۡٵֹۡ־棬ͱ·Ѱͷģʴˡ
ȻҲ֪ǰǵ£Ȱ治Ҫ̤·
ͬ£ǳ²Ҳ޷ı䣬ο
˷ɽ󲿷ֹŴܻᣬŴж·˵£·棬κκ˶ñţȻһԻҲСһֱɽ׷̲ɽ磬ҲȻ֪컯ɽ磡

ǿкܶ࣬һҲࡣ


2317 
̲ɽ磿
ȷʵֲ¾УҲܽѹƣڵʱȥɽ磬Щɽ紫ߣһҪѪս
ȻȰֵܣҪ̤·ԿͬУǿŽҲ˿ӵĴڣ
лδ⣬ͬУػŴ鷳ɽڴǿ߹Ҳγˣ²Ϊңֱ֮棬滹ǽ˵ס
Ҳû취ҪͬС
ʱ浹ǰ꣬ڼ½껡Ҳͨ۱Ϥ֪ǿߣΪ鷳ģΪƺ«½˵˵ЦЦ֪׵һ
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ƳɽҲûٰ취벻ʱһ䡣
ɣ
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û룬ƳɽƶһɲǼɣò
ƴӾ¥¼֪֮ͥ˭
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Ȼһ棺´˵ļǣףһɱɱǧˡҲɱ
·ɱǹƽģһ·ɱ¾һֱÿһߣۿ·ǿߣҲ֣ܲ컯Ľ컯Ҳ޷֣Ǿ㲻ɽڶߣҲȺ֮У
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Ƿ߸ԶвӵвǷȻɱǣһǲ֪ԭ˵ǷԶħһᣬɱǣҲħһǷȣΪκɽ磬ܵż޷׳ԭ򣬾ʥɽ磬Ҳֻͨһ
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ƳɽͻȻ⣬ͻأ˵棬Ҫ㣬ڻ㣡
ɽǿ伶ǿߡ
ˣҲҪȥϴɽһУֻʱ䣬ˣúúþ۾ۣû뵽²ڴ˻һҲʶ
Ƴɽƶֻ΢Щ⣬Ҳ֮УɵʵһɽʶҲǺȻġ
ͨ۱˾Ƴɽ뿪ǡ
ǧȺɽۣ֮Ʋ֮վһӣ˸ֶҲʮͷӣ浱ڷȣ־ͶӰԷ
ಣ
Ƴɽƶס߷ǰ²ں󷽸š
ԶԶѾ氵̲סʣ´磬ͥҪңǲҲĹϵǹΪ
ֻ㣬Ƽ㣬Ҫά㣬ǿǱݣǷߣδӻ㣬ҲûʸڣԳ²ڼһˡ

ʱǰ
氵дϴڷȼ־ͶӰһģ˸ӷʣûһ˿Ϣ··ǧΪһ塣
ֻоһ֣ǿ
֮Уò⣬Ҳֽ²ףζ㼰ʱ֣
ҵСֵܣԼ˲Է²ھȻû˿нЦ
һ룬ͻȻ꣺ұ߶Űɽ棬ηչ׳󣬵ھͲͬһɷˣ


2318 
ֲǹλҲ콫νʹڼϣʱĶܸ࣬ıʵˣԼõ㣬ʵһ죬Ȼɽ粻С·ߣ

²˵꣬޵
ʱ桢Ƴɽƶסˣ֪²Ĺϵɲǳ²˵ǰһμ򵥡
ʱŶִ֪μ·棬ΪȻȰ㣬ҰͲķߣ̤·֮ж죬ʵҲ£̫෴Щ֪Ѷˣǳǰһ飡
飿ҲŶ䡣
ͽ·һη֮ãڷһΣɽ羭ȥ·ʵĥʵҲѲȥź⳩̸
崺磬䣬˵ĻԼκһܵĸȾ
ˣҪȥ컯ɽ磬컯ɽҲδ׼ҷǱ˶ˡȴȥҴҡ
Գ֮󣬴ҸոչѾʧȥ
У˱ȭ͡
ҲصǣǿԼǷѱǿ֮ģ档
²һ䣬ʱΧʣͨ²ڵ·棬ҶģҲܵģβͥЩɱ㣬·֮еĶߣĵˣǷߵĵˣ㣬һ̤·ĵǽǿɻʣ
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ã͵̬һʥɽȣʵǿһɻʷһ֮
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ϵܣΣ¥ȣĿȥĳ²ڣȻһʡ
޵һһ㲻̫ã̫ǿ
ȷǿʤ˼̫أʥɽ磬Ͷȥսɽ˷ţ󲿷ֱܣͬȾڣʥɽƽ֮ˣ֮٣սʤɻʣҳһҲ˵ܶΣȻâ̫ʤЩģǸӣҲܷ꣡
ʥɽǵɽ磬֮ܳΪɻ֮Уһˣ治򵥣
󲿷˶֪ʵ·֮Ȼٴ֪ȵĴڣ
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ʶ㣬ϣҲܰΪȱҲ֪ԽǷԽ۶ϣˮǰ㣬ƾҲ޷жˮ
Ҳǡ̫ף
ҵͬǿߣԸ̫׳ԿϾ·֮еĶߣټʱգеɻʵѾɻʴﵽͬ߶ȣһζȥӲƴѻŻӲһ̻ǶһܺõĿ飬ȻԵܻοɻʣศɣһһᣬһμвˣһӣ˳Ŷ
˵꣬²ڸһˬʵЦݡ
ˣ
ԭˣ


2319 ߰
̫ǿ̫ǿȻʵǿ󣬵·֮УʿǿһӦ鷳ܿ档
·ʢᣬ֮ӡӡϯӡǿķ߶档
Щ֮УȻбǿˣ
ԣԼʲôˣӮҾʹ򣬴ӮҾͿкôҾռþգǿߣӣ֮
ȥܾط
һĲͬͬǰһֱ·һ·
Ժԥֱѡֱ·治ͬǿѡҲܽܣԴ·ȥѡﵽĿĵء
ԭ´ļơһ̣氵һƳ²ڣ˾һ߰ˣһ˼Ļ뵽ɡ
ˣ£ˣʵЦصܻ󣬵õô
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Ӵȡ񣬴ʱĶһʥޱȵģ컯š
ݺܼ򵥣Ǽ仰·漴һ֮컯ɽ确̨Уж߱׼ʱ
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·뵽ڵˡ浭һЦ
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ʵ󲿷ֶߣѾǧ꣬ǰǰȥ·ǣһֶ߲ʱȥˣһЩͨûбĶߡ
桢ͨ½껡۱ȻƳɽȷߣ˳֮·ǡ
·Ǳ޴ɽ֣һ޴ĥ̡
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۱ȻȥֻΧ
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̨
֣ҪһжҪ棬ִֵֻ·
ǣ
ƼһߣʵҲƼҵˣֻǷȷƳɽķ߰ˡ
˴ʱѡߵ𣬻뿿һ·֪ɽҪɱ棬ĸһһ
߾˰ɣҲȺˣƽʱû»ֵܣֹؼʱ򣬻Ǵͷɢȥ
ʦ֣û뵽ж߰򣡣ûӰ飬ӣı˺֮п֡
ˣˣ
ʶʢᣬҲûôˣﶼɻʣɻʰ
ʶɽĺƴʶ۱Ƿ⣬·棬޷Լжɡ
ʦ֣
ȻһЩʿ˳֮мѼ
桢ȻͨˣȻϳŵĶߡ
һʮˣϻ½껾ʮ˲μ·ŵӦúܶ࣬ȴֻɳʮˡ
Щ˼ǰµɻʣһľӢ
˴Ǿʮһμ·棡
𽥴̨ӦǺɽǿþ޴ͨɣɸ̨֮ϣһЩͨʯף̨ߴԼڲͬһŤռ
ζ̨ϷһˣӵһصĿռڡ
·
컯ŵĵҲˣ
ͻȻ˳ӿ
ǰһЩʿ֣ɻʣÿ˷·ӽٷԼһٶˣ컯βμ·Ķߡ
һٶˣ濴ǣЩӣȻǶɻΪ컯ɳ˲࣬ǹھ
ಣ
컯ŵӳʱϷȻһӰշС
߶ڵߡվţȻնУ
˴󵨣ӹأ
ϧ̫࣬ͷŸӦƣԽӦǿɻʡ


2320 ǱŶξ
Ǿǻۡ
½껴żɵޱȵ򣺡ǵ꣬ѾųƵ֮޵֣κñâ
ۣ
˵շУ·ߣ񷡣
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½껴ûжĽǵʿ֮У˵ֻʮµʵһȻҲ컯ǿĵӣֻʱΪɫעδҲ컯Ȩĵӣ
Ϊţ
ԽʱԽ̣ʵܳԽʮʿˣǵһˣ˾ǻۡ
Ŀ⡢֮Խ߿գȥ̨֮ϡһЩ컯ǿӰӡ
·漴
ͨ˼ĬĬעΧĵĵˣ̫࣬˹򣬸޷Ӧɽ綷ϢΧֻмһ֣ƽ·֮УƹӵҪǣҲף
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һ̣·ݣưߣһ̤·֮Уܻŵж٣
жܵõõͣһԾ죬ɹɣ
ҿ
Ⱥ֮оţ
֮дδ˵Ȼóһ߶֮󣬴ҿϷʮ֡
ǰ̻ģһ֮Уӵ²ĶߣУʮ֣ȻжһָϷȻ֡
󷽣עƺ«ĸ֡
ɻüͷǣ
½ȴޱȣָŷ̻רռһЩӵвĶߣóߵõⶫ֪֮У˭챦Ȼ·֮ɱ챦ߣ
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Щ˲ʶ½껣ӽĿϡ
ԷĻнףǲΪ½껶ҲΪƺ«
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ڣ
½껼򵥽ܣɽһѾѹ꣬һֱѹţΪɽǿɣΪԭ򣬴һֱ޷Ը
ԭŵУ
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ƺ«Ҳʮӣл·û뵽ӵǱȼ˺󷽣һơص۵ʮʿ
˵ұ۰֮ϣһƴСİͼӡǣȥȥģĳӡǣӡڵ֮ϡ
ǡǬţ
Χϰʿһӣ׷ɫ仯Ǿ
ΪΣ
ǬžǵǬɽһǬɽ磡
Ǭɽ컯ɽǹϴĴɽ磬Ҳǵ֮УΪʢһʥء
Ǭž컯һĴڣ
Ǭš氵䲻Ĭһ飬Χ˶ǰдԵǿߡ
һ֣һƬ߼ΪĿ½ϣֿ棺Сʱƺ«·֮У֤Ļ·Σ
ϵܣŶξǬӡ޼ǿߣ
½껵氵нܣȻҲǱ⣬汻ǬŶӰ죬Ҫƺ«ǸͷҲҪɱŶξܶȥɽ磬ѹţҲһֱִ֧ڣʵǬһֱõš
½ַģǬţκǴˣӦ
Χ߶棬ܶĬĬ͸̰Ȼһ𣬺ܶ˶ڴƺ«ͷ
˶ãǬǿʩѹ£ΣҲţڷ
ȴڱȭ֮Ŀ֮ҡͷƺ«Ϊθ㣿
ú룬ŶξʲôӦö˽ҵ֪ͲѡԼһ·
вŶξЦ֮󣬹Ȼв档
ŶξǬŵӣ㱳Ǹ޼Ϊɽ𣿡
֪ͺãӦ֪ΪУҼҹΪУǬΪУ
вңҹӣҪҵƺ«ɳֹӣ·ᣬб£Ҳ޻˵
ӣ
Ŷξһڣ


2321 ·ϣ
֪Լıһŵòᣬ׳ٲãҲίֺΪӣԺٽƺ«

Ǻǡ֪˭ͻȻЦ˳
ԭǻ
һЦͽܶ࿴ֵĶߣŪ͵ЦѣڿŶξЦǬŵӣȻһͨɻʵ
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Ŷξ˦˦䣬ʲôû˵תȥ
½껣˶ˣԼԼϾ·ǵǱ磬ͲܽǬŵš
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Ρã·֮УҲڡǬǿ߶һû·½û뵽˲Ҳûй֪ߵغ
ȻȲǬţԶʱڣǬһǿĴڣҲȲϣҲϹŴ־
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㶼£ʲô½껺⣬ƺˣղֻӡ
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ѹס½˫ְ֣סļ򣺡㿴ΧһŵѣǿŵδˣˣҲˣҶˣʧô󣿡
½껶ʱһںǰһŶߣЩŵľӢǿԻţԸúõĻš
½껣
ʱһ֪꣬һ࣡
࣡½ľսϳˡ
ԭʥɽľš
ʾ⣬ٽһΪãǬʵƺ«֮ԹȻŶξǱ磬ǽעƺ«ԱǬšڽ棬ΪǺã㣬͵úúÿǣ
⡭ҲǵԹ壬ⷬ½껲Ŵ𺳿档
Ȼû뵽滹⣬ǰһѡ
˶û˵½껹汧ȭ»Զⷽ˳
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ҲóȻ֮ǰóһһ߶֮Ȼһ֣·֮ãΪУ
Σʱǳǿġ
ָ·һ֣һͻȻ÷ǳ⣬ɽ罣󴫳֡
棬¶һδĲЦݣΪõϹŽɽҪɱõ챦

ʱȻһ˿ݣ˵ϹŽǿ֮һŽڲ߿ھǽնɱԶǿߣⶦɣĪ⣬޵УһƣҲԵʩչ
ǷѩӣȻ࿴
ȻӦһ䣺ʵ󲿷ϹշһЩԶؼ֮мأֻҪȥ˽⣬ǿ֪ģ
͸Ц⣺ˣϴȥɽ磬ʶŵĺԼУйϵ׷ɱҲҵƺ«ĳط·֮ɱң
㱻׷ɱܻţֵĿ࿴
֣ʵǿмְգǳתơ
ʵ֮ȫʩչֻܴ߶ɡʵҲֻķְգ
Ʋ磬жۣĺΪĿĲֶΣ
Σϲǿ߽棬ɱεõ
úãǾ˵ˣɱңͽ㣬һ£·֮޷ʩչԷӳ
޷·ֱӴ߶뽣չںϣȻһַӳ֮ͨС
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Ҫ͵ˣΪ˿ԶԸʥɽĶţģܱ²ڿ֮ˣǷߣ޷Ըһ
û½껣룬ʱϻȻͨߣ࣬һ˽ִ·
Ȼ֪ʲôʱ򣬽ѩѩۻûһͨ£Ƿѩӣһ棬ͤͤΣκΪ֮롣
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ƺ·
˺ü죬ͻȻͷһðߣԼ·Ƕ֮У·һˣͷŸӦƯڳǳϷΧ·Ŀɽʧ
ʧ̨˷·ߣ׷̧ͷͿ̨Ͽ߳һʿߣˡ


2322 ·£
ٶˣʮˣߣվǰ
̾ϢЩ˶ϵ֮УκһˣǴ䣬ٽɽǿߣ
ͷĿ⣬ǰһˣǸаͼӣǬǬɽ·棡
Ǭ
ܴ·棬ίʵ
ţΪǸߣ
Ǭ󷽣һλ֮濴һѮߣɨһۣͱ
Ϊ˾ǰʧ֮УǸźXصߡ
Ϊһͨɢޣû뵽̨ܳ治Ǽ򵥣ɽݣܿǬ
࣬಻֪
ʻҲ֪
û뵽Ȼ֪Ƿѩ
ҲܺλߵȻԪɽҶ֪ɣ
æ·û֪ģȻ֪Ԫɽǵ֮УǬɽ硢컯ɽ硢ɽ硢ޱɽһĴɽ磬ҲǹŴɽ磡
ĪԪɽ磿
δȥԪɽ磬Ҳڴɽ紳һӣûȥɽ磬ҲǴ󲿷йš
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κ
˻һݣ֪ٽɽɣκһɽ綼ٽɽٽɽÿһɽŻǷ塢ħ塢ڰֵĴڣκλǰٽɽ˵ĴɽλһЩ仹ҪҪ
⡭
󣬶֪ȥݡ
ԭٽɽˣһĴڣʵڰУǿء
ʶκǰģֵȻܺ档
ĳʱ֮УʧʱϮǹﻹˣλǰҸܵǰŲΣһҲǰɱģ
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ǹǲǺXȻʡ
ǺX뵽ͷXǿ󣬻ӵе۽׷ʱƾһ㣬Ͱ֪κĲ
κǰˣշһͷXǳXͨҲ޷շһͷXԵ֣ãã֮Уһ˶ÿǰȻĽĺܡ
ֵ棺˽κǰ
ȻҲ󷽣ϵĻش𣺡ܼ򵥣κǰȥѩΪٽɽ£ʦԶԶΣȻ֪֪ͨɻ
ѩӹȻǴ󲿷ͨˣֻĴڡ
Լɽǧ꣬ɻҲû٣ʶĲﶼɽ磬ȻѩͬʶͳԽɽ硣
ͻȻ뵽һһ֪һˣӿ⨺ˣ
⨺ˣô֪Ȼ֮ɫֻǼΪѰȻ⨺ĸ֣ɫΪ⡣
Ȼ˵治֪⨺ˡ
û֮ǰǰʵ֮ǰ죬˵и⨺˺ܲҾͺܺ棬ܷһ
ԭˣ
Ȼ֮ɿɫ滹Ҳ𽥻ָѰ⨺ɽһ棬ɽ֮Уܼˣ̫٣̫٣Ҳûҷѩ߲㣬пܼһΣֻпܼһΣ
˲𣿱κǰࡢҲٴνĿͶ
⨺أû֪ķɽ磬ķʿܾþɽ磬κǰҪƹţ⨺ͨŽ֪Ϲɽܣû֪ûҲû֪ںδһҲ޷Ҳֻ֪˶ѣȻ¶һź
ܶû

ȴ⨺ˣȻкӣ
һǵúӵһۣϳ⨺ˣǰ֪Ѷˣ⨺ܿҾȷ򵥡氵ζţԭкܶˣûйˡ
ֻһתź쳾λӣһλӡһλȸӣһʶɣ
Ȼź쳾ҷѩϵȻʶλʦ㣬Ҳһֳɫľţ˶֪ǿߣϧӼǰʧź쳾ڻȸʦ֮ǰź쳾ڵĸ߲㣬µҲμ·
ӹȻŸӵɻʵʵһǵϧҲزʲô
ˣ
ոճ˼š
̨Ϸһ컯ŵߣͷһҫâ
ʱÿϷ
ԭǶͷϢԼâ
ÿóϷͳģ컯Īͨӡ
ϳһأ粻ڲʹЯκη·ڲκαǱߵõڶߵȵȡ
濴󼸾䣬Ϸдʱһͷߴ·ʧȥ˵ĶҲЩ·֮еĶߣ顣


2323 ·ʱ
ֻж·֮У־ͻӶʧҲ˵ʱ֣·ֻ᲻ϼ١
ˣ
߶ĬĬעڵݡ
ͻȻ̨˷һ󷨣컯һЩǰ߳һ½ж߷
·濪
桢ͨߡࡢãą̃һ˵񷣬κǿɻʣҲСǶˡ
ˣ
ٴжγֲģҲһɭϣ˵·ٴѣϸĹ˭·֮˽ʩչ飬ֱӱ߷ȥΪһЩڰʿһˮ㣬Ҳн޻أ
·ʥּ붷ںϣκһ˵Ķܱƿء
ֵǣ֮ڵȴûб̨·˲
̨˷˾ɻȣһһ̨󣬰߿Ҫ죬˲½·֮С
˴Ż֣̿Ҳ㽣Ŷһڵ죬Ŷ̨ǵһ˸߿ո·ǣһۿ˷ˡ

˼ͬʱ̨룬ԡĳϼγɲ߲ʿպۣУﻹܼӰӣ
ͬʹ󣬵桢ͨࡢߡȻͬʱϹϢص˲䣬߲󷨹âʧǰȻһƯǻǿ֮Ĺ硣
ӱͷΧӨӨ£·컯ɽҪǿҡ
Ǹӣʵ֪Ķ٣ģ·֮воؾҲǳ棡
·һһֱڷӡ֮е磬⣬ʿá
ʥأ·ջƯ೾Լʣɼ·һʥأҲһؿռ䡣
֮֮ǰ·Ķߣ󲿷˽ڷͷŸӦڴ֮ѰţʣĶߴ֮棬߹ƴʱѾ󲿷֣һȥ˳·ƶ
ҿ뷨Ŷӿ޾·֮У·һ޴Ĺ죬˽·޹ѸУ沢δ沨äĿŴ
·ʱվһͷĸ·ǿߣҲΣգҲдյʱգ˶һʱڲõֻмͨûΣտԻã󲿷ֱﶼһʱգŹǿأͣͽйأǷɵǿ֮أ
ԥƬ̵ȻҪ꣬ʱ̫㣬Ǳȡ뱦ɣ
·˵꣬˶ûͽ̤·
Сӣ
Ž֮زһһ
Χӿ·ĶߣһͷƤ̧ͷܱסΪ̫ˣա
˭֪
ߴһͻȻۻأ뾪ϲ档
Щˡ
нһ⣬ȻԷǿΪƺ«Ϣƺ«һЩƣ뵽֮ǰǸǱ磬ǰӦǴڵǿߡ
ڣɽһǿߣ²һˣпˡǧˡ
Ҽǵ棿
һˣץһ߶֮󣬶ʱɭɭЦȻ㣬ǱʦֽΪڣɱ֮ˣ˭ɱ㣬ܳΪҴڼϯӣ
˭ӵƺ«챦ֲʵڣŵһ𣡡һҲм
˸ΪᣬͻȻ˶ŻⲻǻС죬һֱһǧӣ
桢ǴǿߣҲɽպĵӢǸʿ࣬Ǳֵܣ
ǸСӣҲɱոձ˵ǸˣԱ֣ɱӡ
֣Ѿͷɱ죬һɻʡʲôһһɱһˣ
ӵƺ«ʿ
ԣ
ԻΪӡ˲ɱˣΧٶעϳ˭׷׷
򣺡֣뿪˵
ӣ
һ˲ʶ̫භߣΪƺ«ҲǷ޷ɱ
շɳΧһߣӥķ׷һһЩ½
֪ĸ棬ȴ֣ɶ񰡣һУһɻʰˣзѩӣΪƺ«һɱ󣡡
˺ܿ챻׷ϣͷûڲѣȡƺ«ȻȴӭһȺһɱ档
·Ÿոտʼ󲿷ֶ߻Ӧ⴦ʱգˣȴһٶǿ׷ɱ½ǿ߼롣
Щǿ֮ɫɫﶼУеĲɻʣҲһǿӶƺ«ҲһЩǿ߲С


2324 Ϊ
˷ߣһЩߣЩ߼Ǳ׷ɱһ࣬鷳Ȼ֪׷ɱƺ«¿ɺã;ǿ߷׷׼С
Ǳʦ֣
ټ·Եһɭ֮УѾ̤·
ʮŵǱһСߣû뵽ɭֵ϶ǰ׹ǣ׹ǼʯΪһ塣
˵׹һǿ߼ɱʬ壬ʱҲŵò
һǿ߶ԵǱ磬˵ʦֵ˷䣬ѩһŮһһˣҲΧ·ٶ׷ɱ棡
ǱɲǾۼʮˣ·ټֻҪһϢҵû뵽˷棬λʦֵܣһҪǶȡƺ«˭ܵõ«˭δǵڶλϯӣ
ᱦ۸ߺ
ߣնɱ棡Ǳ統ʲãڵһţҲɱȥ
֮⣡
ҲһӣͬŲٰ׹ǡ
ʮʿѰʲôͷ½껡
ͻȻͣ²ӣ󷽣ŵɱࣿǴҪƺ«ɲףɽ綥ǿ棬Ͳһλɻʣ
½껺ʱ͸ȥ֧Ԯܣ룬Щǿ߿޷뿪·
ĬĬ߶ţϴŸּ·
ˣ
ã
ĳһϱڲԫ֮£ʮᡢǿϢţʱʱҲܿһЩ׹ǣɢܶ˶֪׹ǣϽܶ˶ĬĬϰߡ
һӰͻȻվƹӡ
˾ϲ񣺡Ǯʵڣϧ̻óǮƣȥ䣬·ſ죬涯
ӣƹӾ
Լȴ㣬ʮǿ
һ᰾ʿӣѩҲƺǵһţͥǿߡ
лһͷħɷӲһߵ췢ǿߡ
һħǿߣƹӺȵȻƹһΧɱ棬˵ʬҵģ
һǿ߿췢ӵʯɢǲҪʬ壬ҲҪֻɱ
ʯɢŲӶߣɱħǿߣҪʬ壬ûȥΪ飬ǵħ³
ѩأƹɨһۡ
һɫµѩĮȻӦźѹ棬мλڣò³֣Ƕ
ãû֪ͨͥһǧභߣɱ棬ǵΪǿ
ಣ
ʯɢƹһնȥ
ǿҲ¶ЦݣǰһͥССֵͨɻʣֻɱˡ
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׷ɱ棬ԼߡࡢͨȻҲ̤·ټֺ֮С
ֺ֮У˵İ׹ǣɢ䡢ǳ˯ڴ֮Уһͷӳȥ

һԶǴǿɻɻʸӦһ˫ܿԷӣҿ·֮Уֹκ˹ȻʩչȻɽԽɱ˽Χɱ֮С
ûзʵٶȲЩǿߣ˫һӡ
ԽǽֺĶϹԽ࣬Щ׹Ѿںһ𣬰⴦սѻΪֲֺʬ徫ܳ׳ֺ
֪Ǽ˻þ⣬һЩҶ£һЩ׹ǡ͸ѪɫϢܿһŨҵѪ˸ʱΧ֡
˲̤ǰͷŸӦһ

һŴڸӦ֮У͸Ѫɫ·Ӵ֮£Ѫ
ϸһ׹ǣһȻתҶȻһߡ
ӲãϻѪƲһ˫ž޴ѪӣײеˣԽֲ
һ˳ӣйŹ֣
ӣƺ«Ϳ˭ɲǼ䣬ϰǿ׷ɱڵĻҲС
Щ˲һгҪ֮ʣΧ󲿷ֹת˼ÿһôϷһʿǼʿǱɡ
డ̣Ƕ
Щŵʿ·һӶ˹ͳͳվÿ˵ͬһ仰
κһһһġ
Щ˵ˣ꣬һ·ĶߣѪ˱ǲ֪ڣôϣٴʵѪ
ɣԽԽã
ɣ
ϰٲĶߣҲͲڣôභߣɱǻʵֻǱưˡ
ۣ
߸ͻȻƿգȻһѪɫԴȭͷС֮ſԲ죬͵Ѫ


2325 ƺ«Ѫ
ʱкܶභ׷ɱ֣֮ǰ׼ȴ䲻УټܿΪ綾ռ䣬ٶභУߣȴһ˼档
ಣ
δЩﻺһЩǿɱͨâ໯ΪҲлΪ籩ͨ
Ҫһɱ
ʱ޶ؿܣΧְΧ
ʱ϶ͨȵ־綾Ϊֲͨ㲻¾綾Χ綾ҵȣ
ҷģκξ綾Ҳκβң¾綾ңҲ޷
ħͷΧӿ־綾ء
Ѫǿɱ
֪ʱƣǵһˣ˫ִ߶ӡͨ߶֮£ķɳһ
ٶ֮죬Ҳͬ죬һЩͨһʱͨײ뱬ըǰѿһЩҲ顣
ͨҵģʱ߳ˣͷų֮İԵ
Ϥͨ߻ͻ֮УɱһԵĻצʱſΪѾɻʡ
ϹŴȻû˴Ҳͬ죬һЩλɻʽնצץͳͳ顣
濴ϤͻͻȻѪҪԣʵҲСԭѾɻʣʵӦܱƽ죡
Ȼ׵Ͼ󷽸ǿƣ级ƶ
ʱˣ
ûзû뵽߶ɻƣȻǾ죡
һɻʰ
ӦΪһˣȻΪһ㣬Ҳ޷ȼࡣ
Ѫ⿿ǼȻ޷һٶǿߡ
ΧҲ׺·Ȼֲȫ˽ѣҲòó汾¡
ʴһ˫ưѪɫӰӣѪ
ѪҲ̥ףֻзΪ۳ӳȫʹѪҲвѪǴ󲻷֮γɣҲȻ̺ѪѪһ
ݣ
һָӡͻȻƿնȥ
ʮָӥצ͸ź䣬ץΪһָӡͨѾȻںС
ָӡһɹɹƣһָӡһԽԵ
߼գĽֲɽһǿߣ
ʵ֮ǿȷ˸оһϹŶ
ָӡɱһ㹥ƣȴ޷ѹЩǿ
ԷͻȻһЦ˭ԭŹŴ࣬Ȼ鴫뻤棿޷ҵȿ⣡
ԭֲ࣬Ϣ˹ǿһǿߣ֮̾
֪࣬Ҳû֣ͣƺ«ĲɽǿΪ֮
̣
ʩչָӡɱûĲ㹥ƣɻίʵԵ
ȻҲɱͨδﵽǰֲҲܻһֹơ
֮ѪȥɶԷƬֲһѪ㹻ʩչ̤ɻʸ߶ȣܼԦĸͨ
Ѫʱǻصڣһ㹻ͻȻһӡ
߳
ӡ˫ֲӡ˲䣬ѪԹٶȳһǿߣͻȻΪһԵ׵ɱ
ʮ㣬ϾΪֻǶɻʣѪ׵ɱһǿߴֲֻһЩλɻʣ޷κλɻʡ
üһ⿴Ŵ׵ϮԷǿߣԦָӡǧɱսɱú¡¡
˰죡
Էûɻ䣬ⷽҲûˣǿһʱҲɱ֮Χ־綾ϮΧֺΪһڵħ磬ַö߷ʤϮ̶̳ȿȶʽ׷ܶλɻʸ֡
촥֣ʸ衢Ƭֲֺݺᣬ¾ǸɻʣûзҲм
ܶභ߷һЩ߱ɱ֮󣬻ɸʬƤأʬأǰһЩƷɢ棬һЩ䡢ơ
һЩͨߣȥʲôƺ«ǶȥռЩ䡣
Χټ֣ٶƺ«ģѣֺභ߱Уŵöٶֻܻȥ²½ǧǿ֮С
һЩλɻʼּʱ죬޷ټȥϯȫ֩Ĵ֣һɸʬʬԽԽ࣬һôš
ɲϻΪ֮У̳һƤϹ֣Ȼˣںϣ϶Ƥ˫۳գɽһɹܽռ䶼Ť
尡ɱǸභߣһһӳ·ƤϹֻ֣Χʮ߶ʬ屻ɡ
ʯɢ㲻ƶ֣޷ƣʲôʱɱѹ棿
һ
ʮɫֺΪƹӡѩʯɢ˽ɽ֡


2326 ϹֳѨ
ֺ֪޴ڣԽԽܼޱֺ
ЩҲ޷ɱȥ
ҵƹӿභһӣû취Ըѡתȥ
˵أٶȸϽӳ綾ֺǵʯðſֲ
ݱأֺԴ̶֮С
ֺΧԽԽ٣߱㱻նɱˣһȺҪȡƺ«ڶ߲ƣɻʣҲЩ֧Ųס
ȺΧɱʮ죬ûȫһҲδһҪɱȻҪɱҲס
ѪɶԷΪȻ磬̤ɻʾȻҲԴ߶ѪΧΪ̶ҲԸǿߡ
ߡȻΧǿƷ֮ͨΧ˱ǿ֮УĸΪס
ǿʵڲУӡ
һߣиߡ
һЩΪﵽ졢ɻʵĶߣȻ񲻿ϾŹƺ«ڵĻҲС
ָΧȻΪһʮָ·ǧɱ˵ָӡ
ȴЩģ亹üͷͻȻͷˣжʮ˲ҵȣǾɻΪǷҪõƺ«֮Уʲô˶УΪﲻҪķȻҲУٲȥЩǿ߶ǾӢ˶ڣҪԴ
Ӯߣµ
Ϊܾˣû壬ֺֿ֮ͨпһ·
ͨͷŴħ棬Χ
Ѫƺû뵽һЩԻΪ㣬͸ſֲ
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2327 ɱ
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2329 ȺƤϹ֣ϣ
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2330 ȺƤϹ֣£
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ʱһֱȥǷ桢ֿͨԽѪӡšҲֶΡ
ƤϹֵǳ⣬ˣǷӡɶǾ·֮УԸߣٺ٣
Ѫɫ֮УͨһЦ
Ҳ΢ЦţȷӡôƤϹ־綾ȫԸߣ統պڰͥԸ̻ǿһġ
ֶͼ죡
ģѪȻ֮ǰһεΣ籩׹£γһСѪɫҺͬưô꣬𽥻ָһεε׹״̬
ฺ˫֣һֱʩչΧϹ͵ϮʱѪϡ٣ޱȣʮ꣬Ǳʮ꣬ƤϹľ綾Ҳ޾
ԭȥʮ꣡
桢ͨò˼飬ԭһ˼ֻŻ綾ԭʱչգ۾͹ȥˡ
ͬʱҲ겻ѣǲ̤·Եʮʱ䣬ʮʱ䣬һ·õٱ˰ɣ


2332 ӳϣ
ȻţѪϡ٣ΪӳȥͷƤϹѪɫ𵴡

Ѫ֮УͻȻһ͵ķ籩籩֮УƤϹ֣ȻΪһ̤꣬ŲҶԵ÷棬ʡ
ƤϹ֣
Ϲһʱ䲻ϣͷ˱仯ҸоʵҲǿ٣ɱභߣӿֲ
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ҼƤϹٴɱÿ˽Ըо֮ǰΪ棬˵ʮ֮ڣƤϹʵо
ٿˣʮĲ٣״̬Ҳܲ֮ǰȫʢʱ޷κƤϹ֣ǿǶ֣
浱߶һѪâʧͨϷѪѪǱħɡ
ࡢȻߡں󷽸š
ҵСһϣСӣȻԻⱾľ綾ɱǣǳΪУ
ƤϹֱŭһȣΧΪҶɱ
ݣ
׼ýҲͷӳ֡
һն㽣һһҲܽӽɻ۷߶ȡ
ƤϹֲҶ뽣ɱһһ¡¡ѣɴ齣ڿ˸
ϹҲԦѹˣһУԶԸ󲿷ֶߣȴ桢ͨƣ綾κβˣǾ߿ո綾ش
ҲǼŭϹ֣ڸ߿֮һڿھЩͬ죬ӦϹְ
ΧѪɫѨЩ֮󣬷ӡЩ֮УִѪɫҺһ˹
˼գкһ
Լϰٸһɶ󣬳Լ׵ĴǣԨ趯š
൹һںЩκһ¶ɻʶ߶ȣ
״Ҳǵһθо˽ͨƾ綾ʩչϻ֮ǽǷܻţɰڴһ٣
ɰڴһ٣˵꣬˺ȻۼȻҪΪ
ʵȼͷ֮ȴڵʩչصĺϻطӳֶΣĹѾϡ
Сǧĵ²ͣ߶Ȼߡǿӿ໤֮С
һ˫ֽӡʹΧ̡תκһƻնɱһɻʡ
ԵЦԺǲʸ뵱Щǿߣһɽ˸ֽ棬ǻȥ·ͷķɵͣҲ෨۵ĴУʲô̤ۡٵۡӡͼħ١Ҳ棡
ۣ
̤ٵۣ
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ͼħ٣
һ֣Ƕ֮УǿĶߴκһˣɽĴڣʵҲɻ۷塣
Ƿߣ£ҲԼʵЩɻǿŲࡣ
ǹģĵףЩ棬֮ǰǲܵģһܻӵвĹŴǿѾˡ
񣬸ܵͨط죬Խ˺ϻ֮͵֮뵱κζɻʽ档
棬ߡ
ˣ߶׼ƤϹֽ֣ȻͷһЦ˶Ƿߣе飬ֻԼܸͬܡ
ȷ
ߣ
桢߽һ麹
ֵʶۣ۲ʶңǷ֮Уǿķߡ졯ȥսۣʱҲڳȴָǷߵɽݲ÷߷仰ĬĬǧ飡
ͻȻһĪʧ䣬ŭ𣺡֣һҪķͣóɼ֤߲
棬ϧûиʱ䣬ɻ·棬ʲô̤ۡٵ۶Ķ֣ģ·֮УɱһѪ·
·Ŀ֮һȻСƷߣ
ǾʹƤϹֿʼɣǶ޷ӳȥͱЩǿ棡
ֶȻ߿ɱһ·۾֪λá
ҡ
ƤϹֲ֪ʲôʱѾȥϷκλᡣ
˫ͫüӿ˾оΧӳ֣ͻȻȥڰվ綾֮зŴ
䣡
ɱǰֻûһӡץץýڽ飬ȻӡҲ֮顣
ಣ

ڶɱȻˣͨΧ綾ǿƷ߿ա
һȺϣƤϹһ𣬿飬ʵкܴӰ졣
һ̿ڳͽ伸ˣǻ뿪⴦Ԩ
Ǿֽ飬߱ը֮󣬶ľм׷׹䡣
һսҪɡɱȥ߸о͵ʧ١
˸оʧͶ־壬ʩչطȻ޵ĴڣôӴ


2333 ӳ£
ʱѾɱԨۣ֮ͷǰǾ޴ƤϹ֡
Ϲֻ־Ǵ̸ɱԼʮΰһĻ޷
Ҳܵ˫࣬Ȼҧһô
ܹһ
·Ƶģ໤ˣץŽϷɱһɱնȥҲϷɱȥһʱ佣ݺԼҲԳܡ
ɲǣ
һһĿӣһһľм׹䣬һЩལֱʳɳ
ƤҲɱˣͷŹ֮Ѵɻ۷壬ʵеҲԶʱ䣬ѹ
Ͻһ֮У¡һһӣ΢΢
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϶飬һȥ뿪֮ǰɱʮ
ȻߡҲ̳ȥ֮ͨ˷ɳӿ
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ߣͻȻ·һӻûΪŵƤԨ֮зΧҲٴγ̶ִԼð
һǳЦת߿ա
ɶ񣬱Ѽסǵӣһ죬ҪһնɱƤٶȲƣ׷ϰգﻹ˵Ӱӣ
ֺϿգ˺ࡢͷɳ
ӳֺҲо˻ǲи;һЩĿãδ׷ɱ
ӳʮΪѰطϢҪֻʣ۷ʱɡ
Ȼ
һǿ߷·ѰټӦԷϢŭգԭƹӡѩˣҲʮˣϰˣҲƺǡڡħšɽ䡢ǵȵһɻǿߡ
ҲͥǿߣҹͥóǮߣռĶһж߷㣬͵ڱͥǿ߷Щֻɱʱȥǻҵ㣡
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ʵҪָȴҪܳһʱ䣬ڤڤ֮Уʹһֹʶ·֮жᱦڵڶλŲǵһλ
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֮ʵָ߰˰ˣ治ָʵ٣·֮컯ŵһģϣ·֮Уðͻһݣ̤ɻʲ⡣
ˣ
ڣǿйڣһȴͬʱ𵴡
һֻƬץ񣬼Ϊ棺ֻҪ·֮е漣жж֪Ӧ˴һ·֮еʷ
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ÿгֶϷǼͬġ
ޱֹڵɽնɱһսߣɹǶɽ
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·֮ңڽӽɵΧǾǵɽ
ȻǼ֮Уƺ֪ɽ˶Ȼѽ⣬渵ɽ֮Уٷְٲͣұ󲿷ֶ֪ĵط˸̤ɽɽߣ;в٣ǳǿ̤һɱնɱߵɽһߣնɱ֮󣬾ܵõͣ
Ϊ֮һ𣺡ô˵ֹĿǰ֮Уһõֹˣ
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ΪֹõͣҪնɱսߣ
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2334 
벻ףΪεõͣȥҪս
ɽؽˣǶɽս޷ʷڵɽɱսԽ࣬Ǹ˹ע棬ڵɽʮսЩ˻ܣڶĴ棬˿Դƣ
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ֿˣ·һĿ꣬Ƚ죬컯ɽȵţҲ֮кųɻʵһˣζ̤ɽɹǶʷǷߺܾδ·֮еʷ
죡
Ĵڣ治ʶҲ֪ٴ֮УҲĴڣڸҲ쿰ȡ
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Ӳɽ̤ɽսǿߣԸҲҪ֪ߣҲվ·۷壡һߡ档
ͬΪߣ桢ͨȴûඨĿ꣬ҪӲɽ
¶Եɽ̫˽⣬ҲҪ̤ɽôѣȻֹǶɽҲڶ֮У֪
Ȼ˵ȥսֹҲףΪɽϷֻжɻʲſȥǸʵ
·ҪǻͣлõʥӣҲһĿꡭĻʹҲ֪һҪ档
ඣˣɽ·֮ʮҲ͵ʮֹǶһƺܶභȥ֣Ҳ׼Ѱ͡ϣȥɽ
ʰһ󣬴ҽȥɢȥ
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߿ȥᣬʮͷԲһʯ̣һӴ͸Դʱҡ
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Ȼȴ԰ԪǵáϢȫأ򡭡
Īз֣ĳЩ
ҷѩһЩؼɹ·ǰǼ¼·ǿһΪ

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ȷɽйأΪɽǵѨֵֹɽߣҪ̤ɽۣ֮ͱնɱٵԼߣڵɽǻ·ɱߣЩնɱߣռɣýǿԼܶභ߽Բڵ֣֮
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·ɱߣҲͬʱնɱֻҪնɱʮͷ͵ǰ·Գɹ뿪·õʹͣɱʮͷϵĶߣҲͬ촫棬ֻڶֹ̤ɽǰΪ֪
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ʷһ·һնɱʮͷ£񣬵һ⣬ûܳɹնɱʮͷΪǿ󣬺ѶԸȥɱʮͷԵΣգ仹ȥɽɱʮͷҲʹͣûԸȥɱʮͷ
ȻԼ֪ģϸ
ҲЩţ֪֮١
ٿʬ壬ͷʯ̣ܿһ㶷ʩչģ˵⡣
ɱ𵤣
Ͻǲ·Σյˡ
ٽʬͶˣʼֻһߣʮɣһ߶ʬ壬;Ѿϰپ߶ʬ壬ҿѪɫǷΧûоͷƻиභʬ塣
ಣ
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2335 뷽Ԫ
ǵ
һ֫ҲһԶԶȥֻһ𳤵׳ʵˣϸһһԭֻһֻ۾µ͡
Ȼһʾʯ󷽣ְʵǳǿκһͷٶͨɻʵ޾ÿһ·ֻͷûȻֻеɱߣȡҲȡڽ𵤣

СҺֻ͸Ӧŵһһ
֪ɱ˶ˣڵš
ȻһâһʩչͨС
ͻȻſ죬ֻ۾·һź޵ıʯ
µǱɣע⵽ϸڡ
ʵҲΪ۾⣬һͲѰ
Ȼףʯߡǿһ־ʯӵоۼ棬һɶ߽𵤣߾⾫ʯ·Ҳжɱȡʯⶫʺϲ󣬸ʺϴ
˼ʣĿһ
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Ƕ߻һɻʣܻҲף˸ոշֵɱһ糱ˮɱʯ׳ǽ飬ʯ˲ͱš
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ȥʬԣצӽץֱ߿ƶǣץһȥ
̼򵥶ֱͨʵ̫󣬹ֲ⴦ߣǾɻʶϵҲ԰ѡ
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ɱߣȡٽ𵤣ҪĬĬעţֱʱ˲ŸҳСա
ڣ񷭽̲סҲ֪ɱʮͷߣǿ󡭡
Լɳʮżٶභʬ壬¶һͷС
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һɽۣ֮һĨǿңγһɶȦ
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ܶභ߰ѷǡ
·֮жǶߣǲȻȥɽǷɵȻЩѷǣҲȥֶ֣泡ѵһҲΪ´˵Ϳңû˷ԣȥ֡
Ϣ֮භߴŲͬĿԶԶڹɽΧһ˷
ɽ֮УŸԲٿǧһΪ籩һΪӣ˽Խƿؼ£зΪֲ
ٶȣྪ¶Ǭŵǿߣ
֪ǸǬŵ˭СԪǰʱŶξϵԪɽҲǵʮ㣡
Ԫڴɽ֮УҲպգͷԳһȻ´ɽһڣϳŵӣƺܳĿһٿؽΪ˴
һע¡Ԫ棬ҲΧʿһһѷּʿ֮һĿ⣬ϣһ̣ܶ˶õƺ«
һգԼжʮǬŶߣЩ˴ǿɱһһ
֣ͣ
뷽Ԫѽѷ֣Щ֮𽥲зԪʱһ
ࣿ⿴
ԭʥɽ統֮еһˣŴ˽֮£Ȼǿᣡ
Ӳùºܿս࣡
һЩΧ۶ߣ֪ݣҲ࿴۰ˡ
Ϸɽ񷣬ȻΪӡҪγһƬ񷡣
ζʲô
ҲգǷԪ˶ȻѾﵽǳ˵ز·ռԻΪȻ޷ȫƿأø֮ͨС
ʱŽʱ߽ɱһδξս棬ײ𻨴δֹͣ
Ǿ޴ռ䣬ӰҲɾ޴ڹɽ֮ɱɽʯϱܶභ֮⡣
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ģ
û뵽ж߹Ȼ壬öѺӮ
һͿʼעֻǴʱɱڰȻܿʤκһκ֮Уܶ˿ʼѺӮ


2336 ڤɽ
Ȼࡢûм롣
ͻȻĵϲӮ
ߵҲͦ£˭ҿǬŵǿᣬκһӶ۸ڶԼˣ˶ǹ
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ʶƷԪǳԾ飬ҲʶԪ
Ҳһ֪ӡһǱڤɽ磬˲̾
ڤɽ磬ܶ˶ĬĬסλ²԰׵ӡ
ڤɽǵɽ磬λԶһɽ磬ɽһλʱձԵΪԶһЩɽ߶Ҳ


2337 ս
ȻҲԶԶעʵǿսԪƽܴ˵Ͳ£ǷԪʵ޷ı䣬Ȼȥսȥɽۣ֮͵ӮӮȥɽӮ
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2339 Ǻܾ
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2346 նͣУ
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2348 ħɷǿ
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ǬŵĹ֣֮ͣ
õĴѻΪһ¶󣬼֮ǰжӳܶǿ߲
и־
˲ɽǰʱ̱һڴ󽣣ʱһֱֻһְֻһŴԱǼͬɽ罣ǿߡ
˵Ź֮ǬѾɱٸ֣󷨲飬ʧȥƣʮ
֮żʵɱ
Ҷģ̲ɱüɻʸֻйͲ˶û£ҲǱˣձþ綾ɱһɻʣնɱǿߣʦҲնɱɣ
ʦ֣ոǿ˷Ĺɱڶ˿ɲǹͣǵǿߣ˲Ź棬ʦ֣ǻҪ棿ǬΪУ
ҵǼΣûʵȷԳһЩҪ׷ɱ棬Ҳ潫ƺ«ø·ʱ仹ǲżҵ䣡
ʦֵģ
뿪ǰ綾

ˣ⸽ӦûˣϿŨңǷҪڲ
ɱͣԼٶߵ桢ͨ˳ö˳
ӳ֮⣬ѰһȺȫֵϿȡ
ָʵҪֻҪҵڹϢҲԷ֣Ҫ뷽ԪһսΪȻϿȡ
뼸ڲΪֲҲڲжϢȻ࣬ȴҲ˸ðϿ֮ѰһϹŴ۴УǷֻ˶Ҫأ
ϿóȻȥ˾ɽȱԵѰһӣδ󣬾ͨΪ˿϶ת֮
һÿĽԸأ룬ֻʣʮ꣬Ҳ޷ָ۷塣
ǲУ潫ʬ徻ճרΪλɻΪӸɡ
˼ʶôɴ֮ǰҲɹӣٻɾӣ֪ǺöжҪ١
֮УĴҲöʬ潫·֮֮¹ĴʵҲ֮У·ĴʵȻǳֲ߶ȡ
ҲضֶΣͷѪͳͳΪһֻֻ㣬ϿȱԵһѪ֮֮Уڼյ͸ࡣ
治ʬ徻Ѫϣ·һ𵴣֮УȫѪҲһ˿˿Էš
۵ǡӡɽɽʯƺ«ں֮С

ڹָʵʱϿȻһǱ˵ĶӳٶȺ緲СܣߣϾȻ𽥻Ϊʬֱһ̣ͻȻһɺڰϮǸʬǲһ¸֮һĽ𵤡
ѽöϧ̫ڰΪһɹַ磬ͬʱͻȻתַ֮лһߡ
һѪ£һȦӣȦϿɼģӦǷӡѪ߷ӡ
ϤζܣѪħѵħҲ·֮У
֮ǰʬ⣬һ̾壬֮ǰǶ߸ʬȡĽɡ
ɶ컯šǬšԪšһţû뵽Ѫħħ֣ҲпħȣħȹŴߣħϾ𣬵һħʥҿɽѹħ
ĥһӣȻ
ϿȱԵŴѪؾжʬ徫ϵõָ
ˣ
һ˶߶֮նĺã繫ңҪҽ㣡


2349 ħǿ
͵һǬŷӦǿ찡һࣺڶǿҪƺ«˱ɱģ־͸˵ң
㲻˽⹫ǬһһţʵǿһЩʵֻĳɰտ⣬Ҵţɱ׵ܵܣһ蹷㣬ͬʱǬţҲ·㣬Լзߣ
Ǭű̫
˭ǬǳҪʲôһӦܼ򵥣ܶͲȥǽϵҲһӵǬţ͵ڱһŴ
Թʵʵ˵ң
һӦ뷽ԪһսͱˣŶξһֳ㣬Ҫ뿪ˣ
ʱ˵мǼǿʵǬţ
ཻһӣֳڴ֮
ԭҵĵֻͥԪɾٶҲʲôû뵽ǬҲ˽ǬǿУϴ鷳·ֻ֮꣬Ҫʵʱ򡭡
ͷţһҪСģʱܲٲĵز
ڣ
ָ֮ųɣ״̬Խ£ۿʣ²꣬Ҳָܻ֮ʵ
һ̣Ȼһݵĺ˿档
ɻѪʼںϣѪֻǲ֪ΪͻȻ
ħɷҶѪħͻȻˣ˵ͻȻŽĿ⣬ȿһͨͷħɷδûκ쳣
߸оϢ仯ͨҲ
ʾұ˵֮һͷŸӦ
ĵӦΧһѰţϤ׹⣬ĿǰԷߴڡ
ѰҼ֮⣬Ҳûκη֣ĪϿ
òԾһָоʵһƽѪħϢڸֻԲ
ֻӦһΣܿͷһ֮УȻƯһӰ
һѪ£𽥿沿ͬʱû뵽ԷͻȻһħ⡣
ˣ
漱æģҲ׼֡
һѪԷ֮ƶ֮ͨ⾪ԭǽѪħϢֲãֲã
ħˣ䲻֪ͨ澿ΪζˣҲ֪Էһħǿߡ
ಣ
ѪߴħɷѪɫ籩֮·һؤѹѮˡ
߲ǵӡȦӣȻ򣺡Ǳ·֮УרŽɱߣرͣǱɽץģ֮ǰ˵
ζӿ˵ɱǵģ
صؾ⴦ϿȣԲ·֮УĵһߣСĵ
ʱѪҲˣտͨСħ᣿
ǣܸоߵǿᣬͨĿǰʵʵش
Ѫߵûж飬ȻעͨΪ˻ƣμ·ħÿһ춼УϷ꣬Ҫ·֮У컯šǬΪɽĺնɱЩϿȵĶߣжɱ٣ɱǣϷõĻرܵõڽ𵤣֮ʵȥ
ǰɱˣͨ׳ŵ˳
չأҪţҪǬš컯Լǰúñ֣Ҫ΢ĻȥұҪɱκһ̤ĶߣҲ⣡
⡭
ҪΪϹһħȴϹħѪħ
Ѫħ
ͨзˣҲһۡ
߽̽̽ѪߵĿġ
ѪΪ⣺Ѫħħȣǲ֪ǿǵһħʥ濪ľħ
֪飬ýѪħһֱ֪ħйأħֻڹżйţ
ħɽһħ컯šǬŻҪǿ󣬿ϧ𣬴ûһ˻ǵһ̻õѪħȥħַͬѪħ֮УǼħйأ㽫ڴˣΪǵӣ
ԭ
ͻȻһ
ͻȻЦɱǣҪټôΪϿһ·棬ǵõʩչԸǿߣ˷ǲܻ뿪·
棿˷ˣﾹȻз
Ҽ֮Уʵãûˣһõһʵһ
·һݣԼҪ
ѪߵǶ·̫˽⣬ȻܶߣѹŷÿһصضзϿжʮߣֻһһߵ̣ûУԴȥһ֮õǵõҲΪһ£


2350 ߺ
¹Ȼûڱ
ǰ뽲ģһ
ͨϼ޻û룬ֻһ˼õзһ·֮УӵбֶΡ
Ѫ߻˵Ѫħ͵ħȵӣҲǹŴߣҪһ£
һ£Խ档
ħżĳһŵϧҲ뿪·޷뿪⴦ϿȣΪÿߣֻ֮سûټ·֮УʵȥĵطҲϿȣ
渵£һжһѪӡ֮УҽѪӡ㣬ѪӡȥħżᵽһطѪӡԷˣ
ĥƺѣ
ҲЦˣֻǿЦˣȷ̫ѣ౻·ǲܳȥģ
ʱȭ˵·ߣֻҪ㹻񣬻סлõ뿪·
ֻ·ɽһĻѻˣ޲ýħնɱҵħͷ뿪·ǷŻɽ
ɣ·ز˰
ֻ޷֮Ƭɭ֣·Ҳֻм˽⣬ֻһ仰·򵥣
·򵥣
Ϊ߻Ǽ˲֪·š
أ
ֻ֣·򵥡
ס֣Ƕİܰ뿪·ʱ䲻ˣ·컯šǬЩѲ߶ĿǶԻʱ
Ŀ֮ǰǰɭɭ죬Ѫɫħ⣬֮ͫйĳ
ָͬʱͷſֲħɷȻھɻʣɻ֮ڲͬ˲佫ɻû
̫ǿˣ
֣ΡΡ˺㡢㲻ɻʣǵǿߣ

ǰߣ
һǴӾɻͻǰ򵥣ټɽ磬ܿԼɻʶɽ̤ˣ֮٣ƵֻһǿʵͻƵ
ƷҩƷҩͲǰϡˣ
ǰǵʵҲ̫¡
𺳿ߣȷɻȷڲͬ
ɱ֮ħɷǣȷһǿԼѪħͻƵ磬ϧͻƲãǿУǲ̫ţʵֻǰʮ֮һ߹̣ұҪ֣һɱȥһ֮նɱط
Ȼһʱ᲻̫
ͻȻ˵ͷһħӡɱ
˶ʱľһɱƤϹǰߵͷʾ⣬ǰҲɳǡʱһơ
ֱͿսϿȣһԪԵ
ಣûж룬ʵҲûѡֻ߰ţϿ
һƽһɱ˲ǿһζϳֵİ׹ǡʬˡ
ʮٰ࣬дСʴǿǾɻմȾϣҲһƤ
ȻͷŸӦһǰЩʴɸɾ׹Ƕøɾִͨ߶潫ӡ֮УΪ
綾ԽԽ࣬ô֮ǰ֤ˣž綾ߴǿߣնɱ͡
Сӻ治򵥣Ϊ˶ԸӦúѣЩȻͱ˫룬һĻǴ
ħͷôֻ϶޷նɱ
ͻȻΧһĺ硣
һֻ˽֩ˣȻһް˵ٸ
ٸ°ǰ˽֩룬ϰȴò˵ŮӣŮӸΪޡ
˽֩һ֣ѪۣϼһҪȥ
һħɷƾŰ˽֩ٸǷ΢΢һѪûʲô£⼸ɱңཫɸɸɾ
ҲôԷǵħɷӿѪٸ
Ѫ߲мԷԽ֮ʣж˰ǲõģǰ׹׹ɽǳ֮࣬һרնɱ࣬ƤУڿѪֻһеŮ˰ˣ׹óûƻģ
׹
ٿǷ̴Ѫ⣬ϰһҲ֡
ϼһ͸ӣ´νصĶߣǶģﻹҪɣפգһɫߣѪͲˡ
Ϣ
Թ
ͻȻ뿪׹̲һ˱Ѫ߽в֮ʣǰ·ѩء
ûбѩֻϢ䣬˸оͬʱҲоһŨаԹ·ա
һħɷ˺ը죬ԵΧͬʱѹĹ棬֮УΪһʵպóɻʣӵпͨʵֻĳɰգ


2351 طĺ
ħͷĸͨ߶޷նɱͻȻԹһԾۺ
һ
Ѫһ˱ħɷը֮ըûˣ֪߳ƿ£ʵ˸պܵӰҲ
һȻ桢ľźϺܶ׹ǡʬΪ顣
໣
һӰͻȻ
ǣ
һͷɶߵĺ
֣ΧԹ˲𿪣ǰһ֮ʯѨڣȻƯһڳɫӡ

˼ʯѨڵıȣ۾ˣȻֻͨʽƷʣ߶ں֮󣬿ԶԿκɻʡ
ϧǰǰ˵һ䣬ҲѪӣֱһɻ۷ĺ籩ɱˡ
ǿ۾ֱˣʵȻֲ˼¡
ѪͻȻϷɹΪһſѪ£ÿ൲סȥȡ
žžžѪµסһѪ²ϱ⣬ҲմȾ
ƤһӻΪѪɫǽѪⶳ
ĺ
һѹסɭɭȵħͷ㾹ȻĸȡȣΪΣ
Ѫ˺Ҷ֪ԶҲȥȻ˻ţһЩ飡
ŭ˵ɣѹȣңһʧȥȣ·ǿȳͽǱ
˲ܶȡ·֮УȻ֮ţʼջᱻ˶ȥ㻹˳ˮң
Σ
֪ԭຮҺ֮һ̣ɱߡ
ȥѪһŭ֮ϷѪɫ棬ɱһѪɫƾһһ顣
桢ͨߴʱǿһƴȷҪǶȡȡ
ٲɣٶȳȡ
æѪһѪɫӡڰսɱúҲʮǱǺ̫ˣ亮Լ̡
Ѫжܣܶ㿪̣޷һЩ
ಣ
ѾɹʯѨǰŰڷʯ̨ϵıȣͨץС
ɶ񣡡
ں󷽷֮ŭ˸ϽߣѪҲӺ󷽻ΪһƬ赲
˾ӳоں׷ɱֻܲҪϿȥ
Ѫ׷ɱÿα⣬˫׷ɱϿΧͻȻ׷ɱ
ǰ
Ҳδ뿪ϿȣΧǻֱѪǱѪ¾ʱʱѡ
ʩչһħɷâͨѪߵսסΧȥһƤȻǺɫѪݲ٣ûѪͨ沿һЩѪ⻹󲿷ֱ
ܽһ۷ɻʣ˺˳̶ȡ
Ѫħ󲿷ˣʱǿýѪħˣ΢̶Ⱦһͨɻʣһɱ
³˶Ϊ֮
ͨץѪǰлҲѪħдӶʬնľӣ±ָܻ
û뵽㽫Ѫħ߶ȣϷҪʿɾҲҪչһ޷˴ӣ첻ħ
߸˵꣬ȴѸײڶ֮ƣһָͨؿڣһѪâӡǻ
ǰ˵õģǶȡȥѪӡȥħż
ոս꣬߾ȻѪжڷӿ
˴󺧣ǰǣ
߱Цûκο־֮ɫýѪħԻһ˵ȣȡȣ·߻ңĨɱУԼϣ
ˣܺþȡ
ˣҩɾȡ
ͨ߹ǰģѪӡһΪȥħż
һͨζͳϷ㾴⣬һǰӵеʸҲ۵ĴУȵ󣡡
ͷŽ磬һ󸲸ǰס
֪Ҫǳѣ俿ԼѣҽҲȥħȵõĴΪҪӴ֮ԼֵİеƷҩһȥŪƷҩƷҩǵΪԼǿƵģɣ
Ҹո̤磬ҲǵҸҲУ𶯣ҽ𵤴ڣҽ𵤸ϴ裬ϴϣҵĽ𵤣ǵۡǵҲȲϣ
ಣ
Ѫ²԰˵꣬˵ᣬһץħɷͨ֡
һŽ𵤴¸ͷħüģպҴСĽ𵤣ִüķͨüġ


2352 ٵ
գԥϢ⾪ϴ裬ǵϴ裬Ҳϴ֮УΪĴڣֱõΪɻʽϴ裬ڽĵһɻʽ֮Уͨϴ֮󣬶ľˣַһǵ֮ʣŸָõϴ֮
̡
ͨ˵ħɷ¸֮УһħɷвתѪ߷ͷֱɱͨȥ¸֮С
Լһܵϴ֮ҪըĿֲϴ裬ǲѪѪɫһӿͨڣǿڲ
󲿷ǹƳħ棬ԭħ֮·һɡħ֮;
Ϊ㿪ٵ֮·Ϊ·ϵ·ߣ̤죬ҲĿʱ̣ȥħżֻҪ߶ѪħѪӡͻָȥһط߻ţΪʧȥӿ
죬ͨڱϴ֮ȫʱѪͻȻԴ
ˣ
߼飬Ѫ䣡
ÿ˶ÿ˶ȨѡԼһ
ͨϢָƽһ߿ͷ˸Ҳǵʸ
ǶҪӵвɵ𵤣ִϴ֮ҲԶԼ֮ɻϴЧʮ֮ܿȵĴڡ
ͨõһĪĻĪǴ۵ĴУ
Ŵҵ棬ͨΪᣬһУҲ뿪Ͽȡ
ʵ뼸֮ǰȣѻָ˲㡢ųɣͨʵѾﵽɻ۷壬Ҫͻƣ
뷽Ԫһսвʱ䣬ͨаռºͻ죬֮Ѱһӣͨڴͻơ
·֮ǿͻƵģҲ·Ĳ֮ͬһ
Ϊͨ˷ͨҲ֣棬ͻȡƺ«
ڴ֮ΪͨܿͨƣŴҲӲӦ
Ҳʱ䣬뽫ʵָ۷塣
Ϣ£ͨȻ˳ɻʣѪߴиȻв٣һ֮ڣӵɻ۷ʵҲʼںϴϿȺıȡ
ȱҪҪ棬ûҪҲĬˡ
ͨʼںϱȣںѪʣ˭УʵЧԿСǧӳֿܣø߽ɻ߶ȡ
ȻͨҲеħҲԴ߶һλԦȣԱκһ϶һ
ӣһֱ෨ٵƷʽ׷Ҹպںַ
ʱ쵽ˣͨ״̬£˷ܸ˹ڱȵ¡
ԭӣֻΣҪڲܶɽǽҲֻȥãӵĪ׵硣
ٵ෨԰ԵΪ÷ͨԸ
Ȼֹͣһ¾뷽Ԫ֮սǵøϹȥҪΪ󣬲ܱǬƵӣ
ߡͨһһͷ֮󣬼Ϣ
·ΧȥҲࡢȻϵ֪ܶභȥս
ʱ;һӣոϢãһϤķϢ߲֪֮档
˵˵Ƿȵѣ
ͥȣ
ǼϢиӦߺܿͫһˣһˣ԰޽֮Ϊףͥʮ֮Уʵǿˣ
޽ǾŴɹʱüᵽ޽ɣ֮˭һ֣ȴٴλ뵱ꡣ
߽ܣǷȣһţҲǵһǿߣɻΪõһǰǹҲΪӣɿܽ

޽֪Ҫɷ㣿ҹţҲȥ뷽ԪһսϾǷߣ²ͬһȣΪҲ໥
ǹȥǰɣ
滹ټߣͥȵķߣҲ󲿷ּƼһ
߷ɳãһɽֺ䴦һѾ׽˶Ƿߡ
һϢȻһӦþֻ֮ǾɻʣΪ֮䡣
ƲƮڵǰʮӣ߽ܣѿ˭ǰ޽ɣ˭֮ϢǿԣǿȻ֮
΢΢Щˣõİ޽ɡ
һԭ򣬰޽ǽߣϢĳ̶ֳϣƣһʵ
ϵܣ֮޽
ҲΪ˽ܣλֵܣλ棡


2353 ޽
ԭ棡Ϣİ޽ɸԾâ棬֮ɻߣǷȸ߲㣬·֮УԳչ˵ʲôģ
չˣ
˻һÿϱ鶼ŸԵζ
⡭һʱ估ʱҲ֪λشΪ޽̫ⷬǺˡ
һ˫۾󷽷汧ȭԣҾǸ߲ҪչǸʲô棡
㹫Ȼ̻Ἰ̳
ƺǡڡɽȴΧɱ㣿
˵ڻǣ˵棬̻ϺһĶӣͷ­նˣ
Ű޽ɡ֮ЩߣԸָɫǺ棬Ƕʵ
ЩȻ֪棬඼Ƕţ⻹ǵһͬͥĹȥҲǳ档
Ųţ
ش𣬵ǰ޽һɨˣһɻЩ£ܻùи߲ҵչ
Ҳ͵ͷȷǴţǶ˼⴫ţţʵҲϲ˼δңһлʵ˵
ʱʵǿ֮˵ȴǶ߿ȥϵܣĪҲҪȥעʥɽǿߣǬŷԪһս
ߵʥɽͥңԶ⣬ǷߣΣǷҲҪŽᣬ˵ҲҸ棬ǰԼõ飡
֮ʶࣿ
޽һֱֻһֵֻһӣʦ֣ʲôʶࡢ˶Źʶɣ
˻ҲһʱƿԣҲѹһ˿죬Ȼ֪޽ʲô˼
ͬһȣҲǱǰŽᣬټɽ磬ڶҲܹϵõȥӰ޽ɼ仰о̣ȻƲҲ޽ɿͥ˭ã
԰޽ɵӣͨҲܲˬ
ǻ濴ȥվҿҲ̫ǫ飬ǷֵܣװʶϤ֮ǰ໹һֶԸ֣֮ܶǰǻǬŽֹ
һߵ죬ߺߵЦ˵ҲǼǬŽ֣
ɣǬǵһǬŽ֣ܻʱ
ˡˣ
޽һţҡͷ֮²ʲô˼ҿϹȥĪϷƺ߽ܶԻΪͣҵȴɽȣһ֣
ֿ棺ͥҷ⣬ٻһЩǿߵ棬ͥ׷ɱ֪ܶƺ«һҲиӦ˶ҲҵôˣȻְɣ
Ǿ鷳λ治ǳ°޽ݺ⡣
˵֮޽һն;Ȼͥഫš
ЩϤߡͨԽ֮ǰ⸽׷ɱ
ࡢȻҲиӦ˵СģΪǬŷԪڹ˴£ԼʮˣλɻʣǬһǿߣǧΪԪЩȻҲվǬⷽǧ˽ĵˡ
ԶԶɽʱٶߣӦˣ汻޽˵ˣҲͥǿߣоƹҲĳʹҲϢС
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ͷŸӦһʮ֮⣬ŶξǬǿͷŸӦ̽ⷽ
Ц֮󣬾֪Լͻһ磬Ҳ޷ע⡣
ζԸһ취оǬŹͨҺйʬ壬һܹһС
ְʩչöɲڻΪѪ״̬ʬ廽Ǿɻʬ塣
öɲ֮£;ɻ֮һ㱻ɣ֮ڿĽ𵤣
ҪҲҪĵۣܵõǬͨԸ͸ף
һʱһЩ
ʼ鿴ʬ壬ڲ𵤵ۡѪ۳ȷǲ֮ȻһϢе


2359 Ǭ
淢֮󣬾ù䣬΢΢ѭò͵͵һЦǬŹܲǬŵһֱһ״̬棬ҵÿǬŹ˵컯֮У
Ҫȡ;ɻʷҪĹ
ǬŹ
Ÿոͻƣָһ㣬ֻʣʱ䣬ʱʱ̿̿ʵڷöɲɶʬԼ
Ҳʱʱ߶Сǧٶȡ
ʱ˿̣潫ͽ𵤡زء֮еĵۣ׷ڣյۿʵܴӵ֮Уͨͨҳ
ٽʹӡ⣬ڲѰؼǬŵӣöࡣ
գѰһؼԼһط
ط֮м¼ǬŵһΪǬ
ŹҲɽĴڣҪСǬһΪĵӣŻᱻǬŴеһ㹦
ȵɵڶ㹦ܵõ߲㴫е㹦
鿴ط֮йԭѾ㶴ǬȻûϹѿɡ
ٿؼ
ؼ֮мǬһͨԼһٶͨͨ
ŴͨΪǬ¯֡׷
Ǭ¯̹Щɵ
һǬ¯󲿷˶·һǬ¯ֻ취һΪʵԳԽǬ¯ߣبŲκεͼҲ޷ѹƸ߽
һ취Сǧǧʱ
ƹǬ¯ԴСǧӳ֣ղܽƷ
ؼ֮϶Ǭ¯֡׷ֻлţҲ˵ֺĵӣҲֻƪܽ㹻ˣ
ҪͨԶǬǬΪԴûǬǵõͨҲ޷ȥǬŴϹŴнԭ򣡡
ҾѨǬȻͨͬʱֱչǬͨѨǬȻ£
طؼϵ֮潫Ǭһ֮С
ٰնѨǬʽǬһ֮ߣ淢ֶѨǬȽѪħһЩ
˵ѪħȲ϶ѨǬֻǽѪħܼ򵥣ѪΪ
Ǭ̺ͬͨԼʽԣǬĳɾͣҪԽѪħ
ãǬǬض֮ڸྫΪǬ
׼֮ͨʣȻǬںϣȫٶȾȻһЩ
ǬĳЩ棬ƣ̫ˣ󹦷ų⣬ںϣѨǬͨ洦
ȥһ
󣬺ܿͨʼһ¯
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ǳΪͨɱǿӡǬֲʧȥܱѰͨȻ״̬֮£ʮϵͨʱ䡣
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ӡΪԴ߶ǬΪҲ̺һͨǲҵӡ
һʱ䣬Ȼûȫ֣ͨ衣
ˣӡͲ֡
Ǭ¯ֲͬһ治յֻͨҪúãѹǿС
ΪǬ¯ӵܲȿԹǿУֿԷӡˣеĵˣ޷ȻӦ޷Ȼ֮
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ͨҲͨΪһţһԪطƿܣ׷١ӦϢ
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ŹֻҪǿн֣ǿմȾԼʣԿͨطȥӦϢȥɽ磬ҲԸӦ׷õ£ӿԵ˵꣬ȥӦѪϵˡˣԸϾɱ


2360 Ⱥǿע
ǬŵĿ֮˭ҵǣ³㱻Ǭط塣
ǬͨǾɻʣҪһҲףӹ͵֮У󲿷ֶǬ¯֡׷ҲҪͬʱ̫ͨԪ񣡡
ˣ
ֻʱ䣬ͽǬŶѨǬա
ԼͨȻֻͨƤëҲԹһ˴˽⡣
ҵѰУҲǲͨԸ֡֡еȭͫӡѪ
ֻӡѪҲãͨԲʩչʩչ֣˶֪ҵõ۴Уͨʩչһ֪Ҳ鷳
ˣԸʲô
ûǲҪֶԸֶԽ࣬վԽ
ʲôˣ治̫͵ʱһ֮ѹˣ˵Ϊ¡
ʱ䣬һҪĥʲô
˳˼һֱöɲն֮Լ۷ǡ
·һˣ
һʬҰĵط
ƺӶߡˣ
ʬ̫࣬Ϊߣ
ʬ֮УȻѪ˻˹Ůӡ
Ƿڵɻˡҹ£
ɻкüץۣ׹ǣ¹ֻļΪأɻǿ١
ϧҵͬʦֵܣȻɻʦ֣ҲǡӶߡĶֻ֣ɻ˼æȥߺʬ壬Ƿڵӣϧûһ
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һȥ¹ûжı飬ȻӢĮ
ΪȥɣȻҳϣ˵ӿʼͥǿȥΧɱȻǬţսǿߣֻ·һαػȥһˣ
ұȥΪĶǬţҲȥͨһǿߣҷȥ
ΪͬΪߣ
ԣżߣǲ֣ɽ棿ߣҾսɹ
ԷſǾɻʣ
Ҷģ
·ҲΪ֤ĹŴɹȥѰѾõĹŴΪ棬ǣǬţκιŴҪǬΪУܣ
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ŮʬҰѪɺӵĻ֮Уһӣ͸Ͻ뿪⴦
ʮ
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ǬΪߣˡ
ǬҲˡ
˿̣֮һĹʲñ߰ΧüͷЩţһ궷߱˫֣˷
λΪͬΪǬŵӣʵҪڹ֮ϡ
ְȻЦʦܣƺ«ǾһѰ֮λɱ棬õ«׸Ӿ͵׸Ͼҹǧ󣬾ͻᳬԽҵȣµΪ͵ڳΪʱɱЩʦ֣
ʦﻰһҪλʦ·Ӧɽǲ׼ȥǷɵǱģֻͨͨսʵ·ԵÿͿ
һ֮У
ۼǧˣЩ˴磬ܿͥ˷ɻǿߣҲߣƺǵڣҲɻʥšڣħšɽ䡢̻ǿߡ
һЩͥɢ޵ȵȣԾۼڴˣȻҪսǬŵӣֵġ
ȵ֮޽ɵҲС
ǣϤţҲһЩ
ڵ̫ӣ߻кܶǿߣڵХƺǵǬ粡ͫѩԼħšɽܶûҲǵͷ
ǧ߽ͥǿߣȻͥжߣֻһ֡
еͫХ滹нӴɱƺǡǿߣټҲǳˡ
λȻδָ̬˵ڳ˷ҵȸ֣Զ˲֣֮㲻ҲҪΧɱ뿪
ȻǬŸֶ֣ڼ֤նɱҲ㱨𣡡
һЩۼš
ƹвȱٵ˶Ǹǿߣ߲ͬ㡣
Щ˾ۼڴˣȻɱ档
˭֪ɹǸͨӣȻ·վȻսǬŵӣ
ɹڣδҲɹѣ


2361 λսλ
ȷնɱǲٵӣǺĵӣǳϣɹǹȥغ㲻ɱ棬ҲҪͥУ
Ǭ粡ЩţҲĬĬš
ˣ
ʮ֮⣡
ͨԼ½껵ˣڴ֮Ϊ󷨡
ڣ洦ڤ˼֮УͻȻ¶⡣
ȻҲ֪νġˡʲôʱ쵽ˣһʱ
˶ȼ˰ɣͲұɱͥĸ·ǿߣҲ˲٣
֮󣬽ΧģȻȻյЦݡ
ͨ뿪⴦ɽʮ⣬ܸӦǬŲٵڿһһоŶξ
ʦ֣ûߣɽǷУŶξ涯ˣŸְβ棬Ҳһʱ㱨
֪ǰнסߣ
ƹȥ֮󣬻ᵱʦ¹İɣ
ΧǬŵ˵
Ǭʮ˾ڼ󷽹Ȼ˺󷽣ߡ
½֣㻹ǴŸȥ빫һսһնɱ᳹׼ŭǬţ
ǿߣҲȻǵ˵½껴εǬţƱػᷢһɱң
УҵȻΪ󣡡½껹ϴŸȥ
ܿɽԽԽߵĿ뿴գĿ֮£ն
棬ҵʱƽâɽ߿գ˫ȴ浽

ٶ߷ꡣ
ΣѺ䣡
ܶ˶ĬĬע档
ͨȻࡢֻͣܿԷ
棬֮ǰиͥ棬ҪսǬŵӣһɹǸ桭
Хڶ֮ͥУԾЩİ档
ôҲ벻ռֻһͨˣǧ꣬ҡһȻվڱҪߵ̨
Х룬ͫҲǣǬ粡ˣǲסӡ
ǲ뵽ɹЩŮӣһȺŮߵˡ
֪˷Ҳͥ·֮Уȴ
˵Ϊ˵
·ǣ
֣ɶаٷְģ֪ʱƿ߳²գң̨ƺġ
²ЦӼһҾͲ֪ΪΣܳԽзߣ
ƿ߳ҡҡͷЩܰɣ֮Уܶǿߣ
˵ᳬԽɽķߣ
⡭
ĿԴȻ·ֻ̨ɽ磬컯šǬ⣡
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ƿ߳ҲĬĬ˸Ŀ⣬̨
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ͬڳǳ֮УҲһЩע̨
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·֮У
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˻һֳѻȸ
棬֪ѡܶ˿ȥΪ
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ܶڲ²⡣
ЦսҲУ͹£һ˵Ըһ㷽ܻȻҾ͵ˣն
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ֲȹڣɫ£ҾͲˣĹۣԣ¹ΪԾɻΪܽնɱ
ۣ

һɲǣֳ֪󷢳꣬Ц˲Ц
ˣսɣ֮ڣҽͷȡ£Ȼҹ¹򣬲˳Ǭţ
֣ȹΪɣãҼ仰ɱ֮͸ˣ
˵УһҲӲ
꣡
֮ǰͨʿĹͷţɻ֮ʣΧ
Ҳ󣬽ɻΪͷų
ֻ֣Χ׸߿ȻΪһһĻ浶ԭڶ̶ʮ꣬Ӷͻɻʣѵλ磬㲻֪ߵغ񣿡
ǡ
ܶ˶֮ʣͻȻЦָһ綾һȥ

Ȼս̨һʼö
úݣ
֮Уܶ˶
δϳ֣ǿӿһɨžžž飬ֲ֮綾ӿ


2362 
оаħʿ˳ϾȻݣȻѡö
ڳ߽Ǿ֡
棬Ϊöܴңκң˵ǹҲһĻŪһʱŭա
ֶΣ
ܶԸ˵ֶΣΪ
ǻҲû뵽һóƤϹֵľ綾
޳ܣ
аħˣ
ʲ˴̨
öභߣǵǿߣԶ¶֮ԱǵЦֶξġ
棬Ϊֶξκңž綾ӿ˳һ㾪İԦЩæ
ಣ
ǵһɻǿߣ
ּԦͷһץΧһռԻΪһڡ
ܶ˾˲ȻƿֶΡ
Ȼܶ˱ʵסһ̣ȴհȵǵһ𣿡
㣡
ٴηƿһ޴ľڣƺ߿գƿأΪھǽƶȥ
ѹо綾˳ʼͻͻͻƶ綾ȥ˿ֲ򾧱һȻס
ˣ
ܶ˶óһԽնɱʮ棬Ҳܻ
˿һĻҪ飬ȴŲæӡʩչѪӿȥȻҲγһ嫡
ѪΪһ㣬Խ綾򾧱ڣôƵǣǾƶơٶͻȻЩͨԵֵһ
ಣ
ڻ棬ٶʩչ̤֮ž綾˳𣬸պԽһﾧϷ
һ
ɱһξ綾ֶ֮һЩȻǳٴ
ǲԺεͨڽٶȶģ
ƺѪ
ܶභ߼ܻɻ⾧ڹԴ˭Ŀࡣ
һλɻܶλɻ˿ֲһ
棬̫ˣ
ǿһӹһ٣
ͥⷽǿ֮У󲿷˶ҧгݣ޲汻飬
һЩϤ棬֪ˣʹľͷ֪ʵǿ󣬸ղžһҲ赲
ѵʵѾԽǣ
ܣֻɹһͨӣһŮ˳ʿˣ
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Ҳֹͥ洫ţǲǺҲţ·̨澹ȻǬŵ棬ȻĲ
Щ϶дţ֪Ǹͥ棿
ǳӶˣС棬δΪ綾ٴαţƾ޴һҿκ޳ֶΣεֵ䣬Ϊ𣡡
ղСţˣΪԶң㿴ɻʵʵ
ʱȻҲͣ
˺濴棬ѵһΣҪö֮ǰصѪɣ
ͨǿ򣬸ղŹ;ڣһΧ󣬵Ե
ͬκѪ綾
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Ϊ棬һ֮¡
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ڴʱһŮͻȻ֮߿֮ϣͻȻڸ߿վͶӰ
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ܶ˶Ůӡ
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Ƿ½𣿼ǵáӦýҹ£
ͥһЩǿߣϳŮӵ
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ΧһЩֿԷڵţ̫ӡ
̫Ҳĺܣҡҡͷ·֮ǰ֪ʲôֶ˵Ǳ½ϯӣҹ£
Ϊθҳ˲ס
һ㣬̫Ӳûشˣ
ڹõҪɱһ̣Ҳ¹
¹Զǵ˵;į棬ʧҴӷһɽ磬ΪʲôǳԽ硢ˣҪȥߵĵطѰϣܴ·Ҳԣ
ԭҲǷߡ
󣬸Ϊ湫ȻǹȻǬ𣿡
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·ץأȻ԰¹ף£·ͷҰɣû˿赲ҵĲǬҲУ
ã㡭ಣ¹ȻһͻȻ߾㵵ߣɺһƶȥ
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Ʋ֮УǬǸöŶξ
ʦַģŮӱɣз߽ȫ׷ɱ֮УŶξԴǿȥ


2363 к
һ»ȪмĺȵҲƲѪ磬Ӷ޴󵶷ն
꣡
İԵɽ߿տռ䶼ڲ
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նѪ磬һư˷ըγɷڳ֮ơ

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䣬Գ
Ѫ˲䱻һѺۣŵѹֵѿԽԽ࣬ԽԽ
ȻֵǣѪ磬ŽѿѪȻѿڣ赲ƻ硣
ۣ
ʱͻһѪǿסϾֻɻ壬޷ģս׻壬Ҳˡ
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ɱѪ磬Ѿһ룬Ȼܶ˱ŵ˲ɱ档
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ǬϰٵӣԼΧ鸽ǬŵĶߣȺۼ׷ֽкãһαһ졣
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ᶷߣɫ΢΢һͷһطӷģһ֮ڣɱ棬Ȼȷֶ񣬵ʵԶǲ࣬޷Խģ
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֮УǸڹ֮У֮ϵĹΰǬŵɻ֮һ֣䲻񣬵Ҳܰܣܸ컯šԪššޱڵȴǿߣҲ޻˵ǵӣҪӵѡܸܰһͨˣ
ʦܲܣ̫ʦ޷⣬жɱµ޷ɱҲնɱ棬ֻʱ⣡


2364 
ұ֤ɱ棿ġգǾ˵
⡭
ҲǰٷְģϾɱͣʱ׷ɱ棬ҲҲΪɱһλɻʣأ
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ͥǿһһNɪܼ֮ҲǱ߲㽻
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иʯɢʱʱƹӰд
ԱһˣʵԽ
ħɢˣͥǿ֮УҲ֪Ĵڡ
ħɢ̾Ϣ«Ե컯ɽ磬˵һʱɱ·һ
ʱҲҲʯɢЦͣ
߲ס
涯ˣûнӡ
Ӱ˷ѱˣٽӡ
ҺʩչӡŴͨģýӡܴ߷ǳԽǬַ֮һ
ʩչӡ˫֮Уһ˿
ɣ˫֮ӿһƣΪҲѾɻʡ
ԹѹȶӡɣͨŲǶԵɣΪӡ棬ر㡣
ΧͻȻơ
ɱ˼ʣþȫ֮˫ͬʱǴ¯ӣ״Ǭ¯¡¡ѹ
ʱǬ¯ɱ֮УΧһܱɱ档
һ·һ㣬Ǭ¯ֲɣΧһռ䶼Ϊһ޴

ΣͻȻǬ¯֮һЩ̬ͱΧ߿֮𺳵̾
ЩĿ֮УͻȻǬ¯֮УſǬ¯
аգֻһǬ¯ѹȥ
ֻҪǬ¯Ҿҵ¯֮Դڣһ鱾Դ¯Ȼѡ
治ϻӶӡûκβͨѼӳһռ䣬ȫע֮С
Ϊֵ滹ǵһιȻʩչͨȻжϵȴںΪ
һ̣Ŀ֮Уʩչͨ˭ͨ㣬˭ʤ
ʣ
ܶභ߶֮ǿʩչͨȻ΢΢ͨ
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ʱǬͥӪٴѻȸ˫Ӫ֮жԲ԰ס
ʦ֣澹˹ŻɱͣȻΪ
Ⱥ֮УŵҲˣ޷Ǿʶ档
½û˵˸Ϊ𺳣ʩչֶΣҲ治ʵ졣
ֻͬ棬š
δǴڣͬһ߶ȵǿߡ
һﵱܴƤߣ
һС

Ҳſ汻ɱһ̣ȴĪЦˣʵȷɱҲҪһѪãһΪһڹ֣ܻ֮ãҾٴɱ
ʦܺģ
ҷ߸еӢ
ⷽ԰˷ɽ粻ͥߣɽķȣ඼ʶ档
һ̣֮ǰ汧֮Ա̬ˣһˣѪȼա
ǿܻܹһ񻰡
һ·ûзߵֵ档
˾۾֮У¯֮Ķ
ڼ䣬Ǭ¯ٶһƿشռ䣬棬Դ¯ɱ
ˣǬ¯ıԴѾӦ
ۣ
ͨҲۣ֮ΪԴ
֮ʣΪ滹ǻᱻǬ¯ɱʱͷ׾Ǵ¯˫ͻȻĳ߲ʹâ
꣡
סǬ¯ľͻȻ߲ʹҫ֡
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ȥǾȻҧסǬ¯ݷ·׵ģʹ׵̴Ǭ¯


2365 ̫ɽ
¡
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ܿǬ¯ǰԵǵͨޡأֻܺŪˡ
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һƺۣ֮̾Ϊֹ
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û˿Կף벻ͨɻԻͨ
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ǬҲûãҲ޷ѹҿǬֽϻ
ƹΧһЩ̻ǿߣƹΧֹš
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֮ǰǬЩӵʮ㣬ҪȻɱҫǸʮЦ
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ʦ棬˵治Ҳţٲжྪˣ̾磬̾磡
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žȻͥȿأ֮޽ЩͨƲϣ
ܴ·ųȥصɽ磬δɾͿܳԽʮҲпܣ
ϲֵ࣬һ̾š
ҲͷŷϢ֪·֮ĳ²ڡ
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һۣ³ɵߣϷ֮߳ʯͻȻӽͨ״̬Ȼͷһԣϳֲš
һͬµߣһƳ֣̫ʯԶŵһʥ̫ʯ̺ʥǸʱڵԶ񷾫ʯͷȴӵ֮ÿһ̫ʯֶܳһ·ſʼʮ̫꣬ʯͶˣ
ϣҴɽӣ׳Ҵ壡ͬһ֣߳˫֡
û뵽ǣи̫ʯΧ֡

·֮⣬̨

Ʈ֮УǬǿߣһꡢ롢һӹ¡
Ǹӣǧӭ
ƽһĳۣ
ǰ⣬վżǿߣ󽫾ϡ
˿ӵո˵̫ʯˣ
ԼףҲҷı̫ʯǿ鵱ɽ֮Уǿ̫ʯĪһ·֮Уӵ̫Ŵı
Ӧоų֣̫űɣڻ޷˵ȻҲĳ̫ԤʾΪ뵱񼸴ߣҲһ·Ҳȥɣ
ȥɣ·ھ֮Уֻж·ִ߲ܽȥ
ΪʲôˣȻܴȥʶһЩ̫ŷɰɣǿ̫ʯܲ˿һۣͺȻͻƵһ磬Ϊȥǿû
һ̫ʯõһ磿
̫ʯģȻ֪֪ܶڣǿǣҲ֪
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޼񼤶֣ȻԽ·֮У


2366 

̨ʹ
ĳһ֮УΧм𲻷أЩȻɻʡ
óԽɻʵǿأ˭
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ΪһŮӣ󲻿ԣûһ˿˿Ϣ
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Ůһ˫۾ֳһֲ˷ڵ״̬·֮ǿ޴̫ʯȻˣ̫֮УһʥأľҲԴ֮أһ·֮У־һ֣δȻɽĳ
ǻۣԼЩţ
һŮȻȻѿڶ
Ůû˵Ŀ⿴ңԶ̨·ʩչĳһ֮

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˵ˣǡǵã
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ȻЦˣŹᵶ޻ţҾһСǧӳһɻʿֻҪ빫ȥвҵģʱ١
ɻڲϱǸ߽ɻʡ
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λɻʲӵɻ
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֮Ҳͨͨǰڷ磬ɸֹڵ飬ɱγɵҲԽ󲿷ͨͨ

նȻ֮ǿֲȻû档
Ǳ
ȷǲҪֶֶΣҪͨҲϧΪʼ߰
жߵ
ϧջڹУ
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ܶභ߽Կ빫࣬һΪܣֻʱˡ
桢˲ҿۡ
֮УͥһЩߣеİ޽ɣҲû֮ǰСǸ
ǽ澪Ϊˡ
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·Ŀ֮£ȴˡ


2367 Ƹ۵һ
ǷߣİҲƲͨʿηһòͬʵ
Ǻųͥһˣǵһ𣿾Ǹ࣬ҲǶ֣澹Ȼ빫֣Ц֮ǰһЦı΢û뵽Ȼ
һ֮ҲĿ࣬·һӱ˪棺Ƿߣֲõ˷ɽȣи߲㼸󲿷ֶͦ棬⿴ء
һЩͥķߣ˫Ŀ棬֮ǰû⣬·֮УΪߴҲϿɣ׷׿ʼΪ
ǿ֮ĩȫʵչʼ̫Ұ׵һ
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2368 ն
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·һԨҲһؿյأ
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ͻȻǰһЩɺԺӵԼһЩɽѹڵ档
ͨǼ⣬ɫһ
ɲǼ·棬һЩʬ壬ɺԺӵ֮һЩѪˣγ˿ֲһĻ
ߺڿ䶯ϴμǴеֵĵطһ

Ȼʾ⼸˷ٶȣǣ
Ӧǵʯ̣ܸߺ׳ֻһֻ۾ͣ
ȷǵܴӵӳǲףһʵŹֵΪ춷߼룬ǲڵӶУ


2370 Ӷ
֪ΪӶߣ
Ӷ߱ȵΪһЩǡ
Ȼ˵·ԽԽʬ壬Լ׷ɱĶߣȻָʬʵʬ壬Щʬв֮ͬ
ٿ·ʬ壬˷֣ڵµʬ壬¸ƣȡ߽𵤣ʬ󲿷ֶõģ
Ǽ˾ɱǹǵɽǿԼάӶ߲һʿûʲôΨһͬһ㣬ǿԸӦκηϢһʿ·õͻᱻӶ߷֣ձӶ׷ɱ
еľٵ
ñʩչֻӶ߿ĺܽŻַᷢϢ
ôʬ壬ÿ˶õ
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ٷ棬֮󣬾һɸ߿ʼգŽʬ͸ˣٲһʬ塣
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ʯǿ߶ˣ
Ҳ޷סԽԽ׷ɱĶߣܶභѾѪѰ档
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˸ок𵴵ǣܶභ߲δֵӶ֣߳ڸѰ棬δʶһɱʼ
ܿ죬һ߽Ӷնɱ
ҲһЩߣһǵӶߣϽҲøභ߷ӶߵĴڡ
ϧӶߵٶȡʵ֮ϣ´ʱܶӣҲÿ˶ߡ
ǿѰطϢȻ⴦еӶ֣߳Щ׷ɱĶ߼ɵֻиҵҲõģ
ʱˣ
СͿշУȸӦǰûеӶߡ
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ֻҪԷ֣ȻҲȥǿߡ
֮˲Ͼף֮֮УС
Ϊ濪ʼһ߶ʬ壬öɲںϣͨһЩ߽ɻѪںϡ
ҲԼָٶҲܿ졣


2371 
Ȼɶʬ壬ո߽ɻУʼֻܽʬճ󲿷޷ʱںϣҪ֮Увſɣ·֮У޷߶£
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֮ǰѨڵĶߣȻвš
˷ɳ⴦ɽֹȥ꣬ѪȻûɢ٣ΧҲӦӶϢ
ȻᵽӶ̶߲һطɱߣʱ̴ƶ֮С
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˲ĿǬŸ֣
Ϊһɻʣ˴󲿷ֶǬŵӣҲкüɻʣ
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˲ϴ󣬾ɻֻʮˣХҲǶɻʣ
ҪЩ˽Բ·Χ˸оڵŭ
ͨץסٵ˲Ϣˡ


2372 ɱħɢ
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ͨˣ㿴ħʮħɻʣһǲǵһֱѰǼɱɹǿ֮һӦýСħɢˣ
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ɶǺεͨɾ綾ħɢ˱̣þ綾ܲס棬Լɱһ
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˼ʣ֮ȥ
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ħɢ˴ϲ̰Цǿҵ棬û뵽˰磬ȵϸ߽ɻʣֲˣָܻѸͣɱ㣬ҾͿԽɣƳΪķ
ߣ
һ̣Ƥܼհľ
ȭڶУ
ȭһΪѧţ˲ɱ
򵥡ԵͬʱҲȭѧš
ͨںϣһѧԾھΪһѽ徫


2373 ǸϾɱϣ
ʵѪֻ࣬ǰѧ֮УԾ֮ʩչһѧ

һž޹ϷվұһɱΪ籩оʯ׹ɱħɷ
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ӳָ߽ɻ֮ͨͨУ߽ܵɻٵںϣʱʮɽһͨɱ֣ɨȥһɹɵӡ
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2374 ǸϾɱ£

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СǧҲ޷ӵ˳Խλɻʵ
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ȻɱȻоɻʸ߶ȣһɱܵնɱһǿߡ
ǿȻ࣬δ֣ΪЩ˲ֵ֡
ʮ֮ǰ뷽Ԫһսģһɴ¯֮а羫ڻָ
δо״̬Ϊɴ¯ڲʵ΢΢
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̤λɻʣʱԵʮʱҪɱ졢ɻĻҪ񣿡֮иŰԵЦݡ


2375 ն
ٿ磬ͨȻطмӳ֣ԴԴʩչ߶ٵѾɱˡ
ݣදˡ
ʱʮߣʵǰ죬ѾǳԽߡȻɱ档
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2377 ƹģϣ
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ȥƹӣ޴ͨռ䣬̤棬ͨǲӳȥ룡
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2378 ƹģ£
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᰾ʿҲڱ̬ѳǰǸСɱҵȳ֣Ҵ˳ɳٶȣۼ֤ɾֵͥѪȷ磬Ϊɻʣѳҵв
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ʧ󲻳棬ֻܿԼ·һ죬ҵǧӢԭֻһţȴУҪ÷ȸشۣ᰾ʿƲã̲סѪ


2379 ˵
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ǵһͥȻԸȣЩڶ໥ɱĸԴʧӣǰͲǶһηȱ
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2380 ʯӶ
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2381 ̫űԳ
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ͨȴˣħǺڰħºڰͳ죬ͳӦòɻʼ𣡡
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Ⱦɭ֣оһ磬Ϣ϶࣬˴Χ
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ϵ̫űԳţʱǾڱѰһӣܵõãܣǾʮٳȥ
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˽⣬ʯΨһ𣬾̫䣬ܶʯͷһ㱡
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ҲǼĺܣࡢȻҲǰһ
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ҲͷƣԽһЩʯǧױ֮Уڼһߣʮʬ֮Уκһʬ¸Ա˺
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2383 Χħͷ
̲ͨסһѪǻ硣
濴ʧһ߽֣Ѳ˱ȹ̫࣬ʵҲһأ
ǿݏCƤһЩħƣĿһϷСȣǿסһ
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2384 ս
ôܣϾȻǾɻʲеƣ
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2385 ɱ
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ЧȲϵƷҩҲɻʿԼͻƵ

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ܿʱ䷨ָڵ
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֮ûκų⡢쳣ŽóȥߡȻͨɡ
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ǡԽɻʵĿֲһӦҪںɽָʵ
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ѵնɱߵ̺һ˿˿ȻĲ
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ȻѪա
ϧߣǰͱȥ룬ֻʮӡ
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ʬѾûеֻʣͨ
ˣ㹻ˣѾָ٣ʵҲһЩ۷壬׼ͻ죡ͨͻȻ쳣Ц


2386 ɳ
Ҫͻˣ
Ҳãٶһӡ
پ֮нУ߾ɵڻָΪᡣ
Ѫ󲿷뿪£ͨͻɻʽΪһɻʡ
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У潫Ǭ컯ںϵľ
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ֹࣺ֣ɽнȣ
֮˫ۣǽ۷ɽǿҪһʱںϣ
żڱǣպͨҲҪһʱУ
Ҫ˶೤ʱ䣬ɽȻ٣ֻҪںزɣ
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ٿͨҲﵽ״̬࣬ɽ߰˰ˡ
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ͨЦǺǵ󷨱ߣҲ£ҰǸȥѰߣ֣޷ɱߣˣǿԵõ෨ֶһ
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ǰ֮£һѨǰͷŸӦ˷ֶѨһ
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ۿҪ׼֮ʣͻȻɶ֡
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Ҳһۺ󷽣˼Ƭ̵ɽ뾡취ѹƷȣ˵·пЩߣ߾ɱִһֱУǿѨ磡
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˶ɵĿԽȣȾһʵڲУҸطһսɱ֮ǰߣҲɱˣһɱܵõһ
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ôһؿ߷档
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ӣ
˼򺮵ҲɳĮǷȥ˵ɳĮ
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Ҳ˼ˣѩҲʧ
ǰͻȻɫΪƬ񷶼ǻƺɫ
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Ϊ׷Ϊɳأ߻֮ǰЩߣһ
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벻֮ʣǰһƬɳʴɽ𣬹ͺͺһƬ֮ɳ籩Խɽ˵
ɳ̫˸ոձƽɽ׷һڽӡ
սһ
ָɽ𣺡ɽǰһЩѨжϢ


2387 ݿս
ȻɽŲٷ·ǷɳʴγɵĶߣܿڶѲߡ
Щ߼˷ǰһ̻νһƺߣһʱӶֲ߳ٶߡ
Ҳмˣ
ߡ
˭֪ж߼æ磬붴ߣ̤һ
ȻҲûЩ˶ԸߣһͬԽɽ𣬿ããɳĮԼһЩɽ
ɳĮ֮Ųʬ壬һЩɳĮ֮дƺּϢһЩѾ˷Χ
׼һս
ͻȻԶһɽ壬ȼɽ
Ʊ˲䣬׷ߣһָǴŷɽһɱ

ͨ˲
Ŷ
ߵû뵽Ⱥߣз
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ӲûѪ˫ֿɼʧȥ֪޷ǿǿ߱
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ͨæץסٵǱѣѾˡ
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ܽһʵţ
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ݣ
˫ֽӡɽٴηɳǧɽնˡ
طѾ޼ӳȻ֮УҲǽʵ£
û뵽侹ֲͨһ·ϣܻΣաȻһҪࡣ
Ҳֲʦ۹Ȼµ
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꣡
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ɳ߿վͻȻһ̻ա
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ĨĨһ亹ԶߣѹǲǸ÷Źҵȣ
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ɶ񡭡ֻಪȻŭ
Ȼ֮ǰֻǿθˡ
һսֻжԷܰݡ
Ϣһ˵սղֵ֣ܵ󲿷ֻҪǼ֣նɱҲǲܣעҰĴȥ
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ҲΨͨ޷֣˷ǳأɶʬָ
Сȣǻһʱٴ˵̸֣Ц֮䣬ǴԪٴᡣ
ಣ
Էȥһ࣬ࡢȻߡ֡
ɻϣն
߼һ࣬ǲˬƺ֪뷨Ȼ͵Ϯ
ԴмһˣһƴӸ߿նȥ
˿ֲһǾɻʣǴﵽɻ۷һȹʵ١
ʱѴطӳ״̬һɻʬ壬ֳ־ٵٶԪһ
䣡
һˣࡢȻϳ֣ɱһĽɽںϣɱһɻ۷һ


2388 նɱӶ
עȻϣԪһƣ㽫Ǻ飬ɽǰԵĽԪɽײ

ֵٶȣϾߣͷŴѪǴӡӿΧɡ
ٵԾɻʩչһɷյΪߡ
һۿеİԵǳԾһλɻʣȻɱ˽ɻ۷
֮࣬߾ͿʼЩˡ
ࡢȻʵɽɱҲɻ۷
ټɱٵҲȥȻҴ⣬ǻˣǱնɱĿܡ
һֲԪеУٵƺƬһ
ɱƣλΪλɻʸΪԵ
ȻҲһƶһأƵ߲òȫԸǰӦ
ʱ˿̣֮ǰȻͬ
֮ǰ߱ɱֽ߶ڿС
ʵȻһӶߣ൱ĸ߶ȣ֮ǰҶ顣
Ҳǵ͹Լ˭̫ǿ
Ӷ߱߸ѶԸŷ뿪Ӷ·֮г裬зһԽء
ȻҲһ
ӶֻЩǱԱǿ
ȥУ濪ʼ취
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ˣ֣ѪӶٶ̫Ӱ첻󣬳ǽǬ¯֮У
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ǻ𻨣΢ӶԺѾΪ飬Ժը

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Щ˿ʮ޷Ĵڣк޷Ӷߡ
ѪӿѪ䣬ʱյĵԼ߶ɽӶߡ
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ȥ
Ѿֳ־ٵ˵ȻӶǰȽ֡롣
ٺ׳ٵ
ϧӶֻǱʶڣ޷ʩչͨɽҲһࡣ
ٵӶߣ֮źһѪߣûˣ
ۣ
һڷɽ֣һӶͷȥ
Դ˲俪
ͷһζӶߣҲǵһɱ㺨죡ջɽӶ߱ܽ
潫ʬģֵһǿʬ塣
һΣϴζԸߣĸΪأࡢȻĹ룬Ҳˡ
ͨ
Ҳĺأ֮ụ̂ͣɳĮȥ
ǰѰţʱɳĮѰһɽ˸ϽС
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˿ȥϢʮ˱׷ɱ
ǱӶߡ
ǵ
һͷͷ
ʵ߲࣬ӶһЩҲɻ۷ʵ󲿷ֶȻǶ֣зֻǾš
һһʯɱҲ˳ɹӳ
û뵽ͷΧɳĮ֮
ɵޱȣ⴦ɳĮյأֱǵĵ̣ɳĮԵսӶʱûе֣


2389 һ컯
ڼ£ûһܻųȥնɱ֮󣬽ҲӶᡣ
Щ߿ɶǰ졢ǿߣȻɱñͷܣ·ֲô󲿷ֶɥ
˲ɽڲϢ
ԼмϢ⣬˴ҲܸӦȴ״ŶԷ
ƿ󷨣ͨࡢȻʮ꣬Ҫָʵ
նɱһӶߣֶһڷ
ɽȻ
ȻҲȻܣʵǿ˽зһӶߣͲյ֮С
ҪʼӶڣ벻ˡǿ
һѪ󲿷Ѫ¡
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Ӷ߱ȻҲǵұǿڵҲǿһЩҵȻָʵ
Ѫɶʬ壬ԴָʩչطĹ
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ࡢȻرҪֵ²ǰǿҲܶ޴
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Ӧ״ͨƻָһ룬Ȼ࿴״̬ҲҪʱָ
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Ѫһ·֮УҲҵֵܿ
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һ
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Ҫ
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һǸ˵˵սףѪһѪǿ򱶣ΪֻõսףõУҲǸиˣζԺҲԿսףΪѪһ£
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Ǹ⣡
֮ǰû뵽һ㡣
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һĪв
ԼжԣǷĲһս׵ע⣬ʱʧȥս׵Ŀܡ


2390 ɻ
ֱǰ󣺡ɣֻ㣬ΪҶԣߣʸõеģδȡսףҿǲƫ̻˭˭ʵõսף˭ʸΪһ
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Ҳˣɣ㻹ƢˣǵõҵѪн죿ǵѪУߵ죬ûңʲôǣ
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Ӳˡ
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洫Ѫ֮²⴫֪Ǽ壬Ϊصɣ
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õУ
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°èëɳںһԶһŻɳ֪һͷ
ػƾˣӣʮŵüæѨȥ
桢ࡢȻҲػƾסʵ̫ǿ֮ǰߣΪƤϹͬǿĴڡ
ϵػƾɳ磬·ܣȻͨͨ졣
Ͳػƾ׷ʮ˲ŵɳԿǽϢ
ߣǱӵΪǾɻʣʵɲ⣬ƱȹҪǿһЩ
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ŵ֪һѹ֮أ߾ǵػƾھϳһ˶Ҫ͡
˶ⱻػƾģűһٶˣ󲿷ֲھ֣֮ʣֻвһ˲Χؿ֮С
ȥͣûһܻŻؼؿ߳Ҳڵػƾûܳȥ˭õػƾ
ҷֲԾ
˻ͨͽҾһ𣬰дǰжһһƲģ


2391 ػƾ
Ƴһ۵Ҳо֪ЩǺĿģ
ʱһעΧ˶ȻЩһֱԼһһ
ಣ
ͻȻǿߣһء
Ҳ׷γɰΧȦ
Ц֣¶βͣһʼǣڴҵ˰ɣ
ֵֻųȥҲɣиƻҪȥػƾעǵػƾҵȷܴӳӳȥ
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һ
Щ˴һʼţԼն
淴༥ҵȿɲ飡
һʿײдС㲻Ը⣬¾Ǳȥնα˺Ƥö֣
ǿԼҲ٣Ƕһ
ҿΪĸ֣ȴʲô졢죬ﲻǾǰ죡
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2394 ѪϤϢ
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2395 ǿԳ
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ֽͷУһʱ䣬ϿȵԲǬ¯ɡ
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ĪǣĶֿǷߣϴһķߣȻܴӱߣԳĪС⣬ҲĪСߣܶǰ̫ʱڣ߿


2397 
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2398 ѪսУϣ
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2399 ѪսУУ
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2401 ѹԳ
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ԳɣɣͿ֮ܽնɱ
ƿؽһ˫Ѫ졣
ͨߡȻţÿĴ롣
ʩչӳֶʬ壬һա
¡¡
ͻȻԳ塢ԺΪ𵴣һЩԪƴɢȥ
һĻ¯ڵˣǾ
ΪǼԳԪ飬֪ܶԳֶΣȻͨԪйء
ȷʱԳԺ֮У
ԳͨԪͿԪ˳Ѿȫ汬ըԳԼͨԪԼԪ󲻶Сδ֪ıը籩ȴڲϷŴ
䣡
ԳͨԪɱɽ˳ȥط籩ͱը֮顣
Գĩյˣ
ʱޱը籩֮УһԵš
Գһ˭Ϥ
ҵų
·ǿߣΪҪĨɱңǲ֮У˱ӻҪԱϾɱ
㿴˭
籩֮ǸȻ˲֮У̤˶
˳֮УƯ桯


2402 նɱԳ
Գɲŭ𣺡ǡǡСӣ
Ц˭ȡ
ΪܲĶ֣Գ˲ԦͨԪɱԪ˳
˳棬е飬󲿷ֻǱԪ˳𵴣ȻɱԪĿռ䡣
磡
飡
ԳԪϢֲըΧȫ
ĳɣԳĳɣǬ¯֮п
ɱȵ
жץһ඼ǻ
Щ׳֮УԳʱֲ𡢽
ȻҲץһȻһЩ׷
ѹԳ󲿷ӣԷ󲿷ֺ׻Գγɸֹơ
Գ
Ԫ񱻹ƵעڶԸ棬ԪȻѡԪΪûˣԪڡ
ߡͨҲлķ׳
һʱ䣬Գֻܰ򣬱ڸ֮С
ħȥ
ַ֮󣬴ҽԿԳֻˣȻƤԳȻ
ҪΪԵֱնɱԳ
һ÷ħɳץסٵֱɱԳ
ࡢȻҲɱȥֹ
ԭܼ򵥣ԳʱˣʵһԵޱΣգħǷһɱٶͨʧࡢȻһ䣬⽫Īʧ
ħʵǾɻ۷壬Ͼٵûж٣ɱƻҲȷǿ̫ࡣ
ԳǱɱ
ࡢȻҲ߶ɽΧϮѹӹ֮ʣʱʱ׼ᣬԳӴ壬һĿĵĽۡ
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ƺҲ޷ˣովһսܻţÿ˶Ҫһʱ仺
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ü˲С֣ȷϽԳԪħɷ»ţҲֻһʬ⣬ʶ
ǰԳһɽȻĴ޷𺳡
ԳѪ֮У͸˷顢
Գ·ʱ¶ϲ
ԳӲţᴦƶ˼أӡϢȻǿᣬ˲顣
ಣ
һƶѣһâԳӡ֮зɳһ߳һԵĽɫƬ
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ಣ
֪ǺζɥΪĴڡ
潫ģٿΧϿԼǰԳʯҵأһգԾԳ̣Գָʵ


2403 ѪĲƸ
һնɱٶߣһռٺöʯЩȲʯ
ȹȥҽԳʬӡ˵꣬˼æʯȥ
ͷŷӡһԳ
»ˣһǿӴԺȡ»ΪǿĿܣ
ԭ
ҪԳʬ壬Ϊܡ
̤֮·ſ»ʩչӳ֣κɻǿ߽档
һâ˸һﵽΪʵľڣ֮С
û𣬵ϿȻ죬һо濴泩٣Ȼ˴š
ԳĵϷȻܵѹ
̤ʯ֮Уͼ·Ůӣʵʵӡڽ䡣
ʯζ̱ǣŸϢ
ˣȴýΧסʱ𺳡
༱æӿ첽Ƿˣﲻٰ
Ʈֱд䣬ҲʮʯдƷʯԼϷɽ
ǼϷйϷͷţȻ²УȻŷӡŵС
ץɽɽӦôãǶģչÿʹã
֣濴ˡ
Ҳһһɽ
һ֮УӵзͲһˡ
ҿʼֱҪȻܾʵԴ
һԳϢĴ䣬ץͷʶȥ澹Ȼʮʮ㹻˻ָʵ
浱֣ʯﶼһ䣬ԴҲ롣
ջḻѽ
ͨЦеĿǰԳԴǻָʵ᲻ԣδʵӦûٴһ̨ף
֮мһ㹻ģ񻹵õô౦һȻ泩
ʯкüЩ䣬Ƚʯӡڴ֮
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Ϊ̫ƣ漸ûоָš
ʱ֮󣬻Ҫʮתֻ뿪¡
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̫ˣԴҲҪܳʱָ
ʮְ󲿷Ѫ¡
ָɣƻָ߳ɣҲָֻһ룬Ҫչأ

·һԭͦζ𣬾Ǹԭ֮ϣƯһϣͷԵĹɽ
ɽΧǧΧۡ
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ûȥǾʬ壬ǿܵ𾴡
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ȭϲʦɱһˣʦֻȥɵɽս
˰Ȼˣѵõ·νˣҵ׼ȥʦֻϣӦڷɵ˰ɣ
ʦֲʦҲҾͲʦǰɵʦܻüѰ棬֣
ӽ£ȻҪ취ҲǿߣڷɵΧŴټһ˱ɣ
ʦ֣γֺü½ˣлзߣ˵ʱڷɵ
սɽɹΪ½ߣ
ԣҲǹŴߣõ紫УЩʵΪ
ЦͲˡ
ֳһ½ŮӣնɱЩȥɵҲڲǰնɱǿߣ
ҶɽҪȥܱ˷ͷ
Ȼʦֶ֣
붭ɽһ
ںܶ˼ɵУǬŸִϰǿ뿪ա
ߣˣ
ͻȻǬŸһߣ
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һͷͷµĵӵð˳ɷ̤Ϲɽһɿֲ罫׸ߵɽ֡
ʮǿĵԼһЩڹɽͬλߣ·Ŷߴ磬ɱɽ
Ϊǵɽ


2404 Գڵر
κһ߽ܴɽնɱЩǿߣɹǶõ·ʹͣ¡
֮ǰǬŵǿ߶ɽһɹǶҴսߵľǿߡ
ʱ˿̣Щɢȥǧǿߣȴûһ˸ȥɽ¼ս
ΪʧܣҪʸ񹦳͡
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ʯڣڴڸԷ֮С
ٴδ֮뿪ںϡ
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ŻҪʮвܳ׻ָָʵԿʼԳֻҪԳΪܣ·֮Уӵбƣ
»Ҫʮָܻʱ䷨
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֮֮УѾںһֵһš
һʯ֮У۷һںϡ
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۴Уһõǵӣ
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캧ˣ
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һΪͻȻ쳣ĪԳڣʲôĴڣ
뵽ȫͷŸӦ
󲿷ʶԳѪʱ澹оһޱȹϵϢһʶĸо
ж
漱æԳ֮ѰңûС
ǱȻڽ֮У
Գĥ뷨ȻޱȣԽ֮һָĴںϡ
ˣ
һ̣ڣղŸӦǹϤϢӽ֮д
޷С
ӵв˲ںϣԪ
𵤾һȪʱ濴һ΢СȭͷСʯͷͷŹâƯԳ롣
һʯ
ԪСʯǰʯ֮ٴθоϤϢ
ʯϢؾ̺桢ϵ֮ʯǰʯһʯϷĹϢһƵ۰񼣣緢˿СǶʯ֮С
ʯؾԴ֮оһ֣ʯʯɣκʯû֮һ
̾ʯĲ
ʯ̺Ȼоԣصķһ˿˿һںϣ£ӡɡ
̾Ϊֹ
üΪʯһϤϢأ


2405 ӡٴ޲
룬ֽʯץ룡
ԳҲõʯ֪ŷ֮ںϣϧԳΪҲ޷ںʯ
ץһ̣û뵽ʯһ˿˿ϢƤںϣûһ˿˿ĲӦǳϤ
ˣʯϢӡƣֲþϤӡҲʯһ
Ȼ䣬ƤӴʯһ˿˿ԣںϼ֮УиӦʯ
ӡ
ѪȣӡƵʯܼ
ӡԶʥˣƶɣʥǴ˵֮еĴڣô
Գܣʱ˲ˡ
ʯ뿪Գڣӡó
Ȼӡ֮ͷųĹϢȷʯƣơ
ӡϢʯϢӴ󲻷һһеظо
ಣ
Ϊǣʯӡ
ҪֹҲѾһ
ʯոȥӡײӡٴγѡ
û뵽ӡֱסʯ֮ʯһɹɴӿӡ
̣
ӡϵѺۣʼͷâ·ѺҪϡ
ĨĨ亹ŵĲᡣ
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۲һ󣬻ΪӡԺܿٶȣʯɡ
ǵõӡںǿʯٶȾͷǳˣȻһΣʧˡ
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ڣȻȥںϡ
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ڰõԳһȡǣƳⲻħ
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ͻȻѰǹǿϢ棬ĽԱ
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Ѫһ裬ѪҲͨ˵Ľ
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ѪħԼӲٹżԼѪĴڡ
ѪǣҪǿԼµγɡ
Ѫʲôأ
Գڶռ䣬ԳԴѪǾǵڶԴ
ѪǿδΪӵзͨĴڣΪԳı
ԣ
֮УΪϡٵĴڣһƳΪ
ʿһ֮УȻõܶ෨Ҳֻںһ
Ȼеˣȴֻںһ뽫ַΪںϣںϣǷ
ҲдĲ֮ͬǿںϷɵıֻǿǡ
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ӷ絽ɽ磬ǧδκˣɹƳһ
һҲ޷ӵӴ˷ʱȥѪǣƱ
˶ѡںһȥٰʱ䣬пǿ
ɼĲ
ҵõѪǣǱšǿߵõһóȥ뾡취ƳΪ
ϲ
ѪǾԳڶԴƶɡ
ԳΪٿ桢ţɻʴѾʮ꣬ͷԳȻϣѪǡ
Ѫǡ
֮󣬻ץһӡѪǴӴ֮лץ


2406 Ѫ
ʧȥѪǣѪܶࡣ
ͬһȡںѪǣܺƳһ
ϧˡ
ãͷòƻһϨ
һʱһʱ
Ѫǣʱ·棬ԽѪԴǣΪ취ƺ«ɽȷںϣҲܽΪ
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·֮УСɻʣ
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ʱδҪ
޷֤λ뿪·Ѫǻʲô壿
·ܳþϸ㣬Ϊδš
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һЩѪ֮оȻһͷѪɫԳųԳǰһģһ
Ѫ֮УȻҲһЩγɵѪȻΪԳģ·統ڷ磬ɴ飬γɵľ˱仯
һΣںԳѪǣŴ㣬ɴƱ仯

ܵӰѪѪڻָϤķ״̬һֱܵ𵴡ųҲָ
ŲѪںϣֹͣѪȥ֮У·һͨɽѹĶá
һ̣Ѫڴǰ£ѪںϣѪǰѪɫֲڱһںϡ
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֮ʱһ̣ںϽ꣬ȻδѪںϣٻЩ޷ӦѪڴĿֲ
ѪоǳɿҪһ꣬ںϸţԿʼѪУȡһ֮Уͻɻʣ
ʱ®ǧԱߣԳںϲһɡ
®ǧǱˣԳԽɻʣڰ꽫ӡںһɣѾǾ޴ջ񣡡
ٸһǴ۾ӣһںϣζ㽫ԽЩͬţпͻƵȷףóö
лˣ
®ǧæͷ䱦
뿪֮Уںϣںϵ󲿷Ѫںϡ
һ̣Ų鿴ںѪǺı仯


2407 ɻ
ȾƤ֮£ѪԳѪʱ̾ɵޣ
֮ҲԳ̬ͻ̬¡
ٿزѪҲ˴ԳѪ
ı仯ļǣ
ӲβǣҲ˵ĶڣʱѪƯ룬ȫڴ֮УѹκѪ
ǧȴȲһСѪǣ
쳣˷ܣںԳѪǣ͵ӵһöɲںϣдİ޷ġ
ʱʼѸöɲоںѪΪ
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Ȼʵָ˳ɣͨѻָʵϱϾɻ۷塣
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ִԳڳ֮е۾Ϊ桢ɿţɣĴʵɻ۷塣
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ɱı仯һá


2408 ɽ
»ָʱ䷨ͷŴ󲿷Ѫ
Ȼɶʬ徫ʯʯ۷һ˿˿Ӵ
ҲѪںϷ
ɽںϣɽõµǿ⼣ְһЩȻϺһ⡣
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ܼ򵥣ֱӽɽеǿ߻ܣɽۣ֮ɹõ·սʤһΣͻõڶνᣬ·ͿȥȡƷȻͫ
ٲʮͷһͷоɻʵмܵǶɽۣ֮ͨ°͡
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2409 ളɽ
Ȼһ裺ȥս
Ҫɽ
ģɲǿЦ
ʵЩҲʵﵽɻ۷壬̫࣬мְգ
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ܿʮ˽Χǧ֮ڣֻһָʮ˷ΧȦ֮У֡


2410 澳ϣ
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2411 澳£
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һǿ߼ΪִͣŲȻ֮ɫ˱ȴ֮УΪ죬ǰͥšߣɱǧˣЩ߲뾡취Ҫɱ棬ԸȣһδƽһǬŽ𣬿Ժɽ磬֮أ
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ٶ˸֧Ԯ֮ǰˣˡ


2412 ̤̽ѪУϣ
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ɱֶԼٶȣǬڶˣҲá
ܶҲʱڵɽһĻĻַͨӴȥ
ɱ
޷磬޶á
Ǳɱ֮УʮǬŵӰ
ʲôʱǬ·һʮӣ
ټһˣʩչһɷ籩
籩ԷƵƣգȻܽ󲿷ߡ
ʣ¼Χǿɱȥ
ԼҲһָ֣ɱС
·֮⣬·ǣ
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ɱǬŵӣȡ˵һЦ
Ǭȴھ֮Уɻ󣺡֣ʵնɱǬŵӣ
˵ѾӶɻʣ̤ɻʣ·õһնɱǬŵӣ
ǧǰֻͥɾ磬·֮УȻΪ
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ȷЩʣɳȥɻʾڴɽƣδɾ͵˭κ
ΪЦٶȣǧ꣬Ȼɻʣ治޵õͥεѪȷ磡
ڳһͥĸ߲㡢û뵽ʱıһ¡
ǵǡĿ־δ棡
ǷЩǿߣҲŸ˼

·
綾籩ͨȻϰǿøͨѰ䡣
ãҾɱһҿһۣ
ಣ
棬նɱˣ
Ӧ벻ٸɱ綾ƽ
棡

ϡϡ֮ͨУǰʮǿߣʱâȫ麹
Ƿɽ֮棡
𣿡ֻһԾɽͻȻɱһâ
ãʵȻȾɻʣ
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˷׷ɱͨͻȻһŽâɱͨ˹ȥ
ȿȣ
Щ˱ͻȻɱ棬Ūš
æסƣû뵽˹


2413 ̤̽ѪУ£
ۣ
ԱߣһĨɽԽն
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ܶǿĿãͻȻǬһ̫ƺɱģ
ۣ
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һ̣֤һĻǿߣʶĿ£Ҳͬʵ
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ǬЩ̫Ϊǣ¶߽ԲΪУӵˣ˾棡
ƻκˣԲһλɻʣӵ˿ֶΣ
ܻţҲûС

ܶභ߲ͬ棬һ·棬֮һ
½ţ棡
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֮Уһ˼Ԧķ籩ٴξ߸
ˣǿ߽ɱС
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ΪӹκҪɻ̤Լֻһɿܣܳɹ󲿷˻ᱻɻʾһӡ
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ÿһ֮͡
һ˼Ѫ뷨ںϡ
ףǬţ޼񣬵ͷǬĶӡ
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ɽ֮УͳһһĵǬȻκһɻ̤
һ̿ʼ˾ͲǵΪǬҲΪ޼

˾ֱɱȥ߼ߴ󷨱âֱ룬׷õ
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κһɻǿߣһʩչȻǶ֣ߴǿߡ
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һڿڷɽȻɱ֮УȻ沶׽ɽɱѴ߶֮طӳ֣Ծɻٶܡ
߽ɱ֮ըϢߣֱƿؽ߿ڷɽ߹â׷治š

綾ߵͬʱ׳
ˣҪҪ֧Ԯ㣿һƬڣͨΪһ亹
ʱû⣬ҽϮߴ֣ΪӵзܽնɱΣ
߿ڷɽ׷ɱ
ÿһɽɱݽϾɻʽ汻һɱУκɻʽԵɥȪ
طӳһ־춷۷ʵҲȾ죬һʵ󲿷־ɻʵ൱
ȻʵȻаգ߿ɽ
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ŵǶɽ뿪һ֮
ˣɽעһ
ʬ֮Уһߡ
һʿӵģ˴ϸоκηвڡ
ɽ֮УȻͨ˴ڡ
߶ɽһ㽣ӳ֡
ͻȻݺᣬ·ǰ뼸ÿӰࡢϷ˸
žžž
һӰͻȻɱԵӡ
ɽԽɱӡһɣδˣʵʤһ
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Ͽʵִ߶ӰɱһһƷ
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ǿ߾ע£ߴâʱ֮У׷ɱ档
˶Ϊ氵п࣬ߴƿطǿ׷ɱζκŽԲܡ
ʱһ֮ҲڿʼжߴֵģŶȥΧ


2414 ֶ
ᣡ
˫Ȼʮ
¡¡ߴִ߶ɽԼɢ׷ɱ档
ʱ˿̣ΪģһֲըȻǿ֮ըٶҲü˷ʤ
޷ʱУڵһʱ䣬˸ʱ㿪
˹˼æˣҲڷɽۻأΧͷŽ
ŵòᣬΧһӶҲ޷֮ǰٶ׷ɱ棬òѹơ
ҲȻ߶Ŀɽ׷ɱ棬ֻǲ֮ǰǰ㣬Ƶ޻֮ٶȡɡ
ξֵԸǣ
ٶȳĿɽһΣȻþ綾ҪЩһͨҩǺһġ
½Χը綾λã뿪󲿷ǿһԶЩҪɱ֧ԮһʱỹС
ƻޱȣ֪Բأֻнѹƣ˲޼ƿʩ
񿴵ߴҲ֮Уᣬŭա
Ϊߴɽ׻ɱ棬˭֪־棡

һΧʮǿߡ
һӡû뵽һǬ¯Ӱᡣ
ƣÿһǬ¯ȻΧ
ҲںȻ֮УǬ¯ȻҲܽ롣
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ȻԼӵзͬһѹֶΣʩչֶΣƣڣ
Ƿˣⷽٶˣʱ޷вûսǿߣǵҲ޷
ڽӣ
綷һԹ壡
Ȼһ̣ȴһײеЦݡ
ǱƵû·ãҲǺù赲ңҲôһ·
ߴɱ֣֪Ǭ¯ȡ
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Գһ֣һȥ
ĳ࣬⼸˻
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ԳٶռŤΪպۡ
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ǬΪ׵ǿߣɲǽԳɾ֮
ϲӡԼֻ·Ϣ׾ܿԳ·֮еߡ
ͷͨԪ񣬿Գ
ʱ֮ǰѹϵʯҲ֮ʧǺһģԳ壬ٿɳιƣֻҪ岻٣ܱҼԦɱǿУ
ܿߣ
˺εֶΣ·ԳƿΪܣ˳ԽɻʵĴǵҲף
ӦǱƿأ治ףԳǱɱ·ڣܽԳƿΪܣ
ҲҲǵ
һٶó־޲ֶΣǶǿҲ޷κ
ͷԳǵ֮壬֮ɿܣ÷նɱ

Գһ嵱
߽ܿԳİԵһоܻʮˣնɱˣ˼Գûеʵ޷赲
ҵӡԳ
û뵽һͷɱ
ǿһնɱ޷ֵԳ񵱼ϰˣ߶ӡ֮
ɱȣ
ӡ
һ㶣˶Թŵĵ
Ǭôǿͷŷӡ˵赲Գ
ȻӡҪһʱγɣ׷ɱߴ֣ʱԳ
Գɱȥףѻɱʮˣ
ʱȫѪҲתɱߴӵзɽǿߡ
Գں󷽣߿ڷɽԳ
ҲǾɻΪһڿɽԳе߶೤Ľۡ
ȻԳδ߽а·ûκθоʬ⡣


2415 ǿƶὣ
Գ߿ɽɱߴֱ֣Χƣж㣬һʱÿ˽ͷƤ顣
Գɱ߿ڷ޷κΣ
ټһᣬԳɱʮɣ޷ţԼԦ߿ڷɽɱԳ
ಣ
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ݣ
һָոշɳɣͱ֮Уһڷɽӭն¡
˺޷ʶǱԳŵû겻ᣬƵűɽһ֣նɱ
һԳΧ߿ڲϻɱһɽ˲׹¡
漰ʱסɽӴҲһ
ʣһҾܵõ߿ڷɽôҶںֵ콣󣬵ʱ±ΧɱҺΣ
ɽɱڶ֣
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űĥ̫ʹ࣬ǿƷɽ޷赲Գ
˾񶬹ϣĵô£˲Ѫ
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һԾ𣬴߶طӳֶ߸ʬ壬ɲǼ䣬ɽ糤ȥ֮С
䣡
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ֻ֮ߡȻҲڸͨΧɱ֮㡣
Գ
߿գΧȴõǿߣһͷ񱼶˿ڡĹõոߺ
һٶӡ棬ɱ㣬ɱ㣬ӴɽҲ޷ң
ÿŵȴԳƽȻҪԳ뿪ǲŶ֡
δ۸أ
û뵽Χɱ˰ˣȻһĶǵĴս
βƿ̤һ죬·ٴǿ֮һһڶ֮У
ΪǬţ̫ãֻҪͷԳʵɱף
ӵеʵԳױ𲻳ɣ

Χսȫĵȴ˫ֳһ
ڴɽ࣬õĹעԽԽ١
Գ󷽣
ûߡȻȶԸΧһЩǿߣʼ߶طǿں֮ǰնɱߴ֣߿ɽ
ΪҪں߿ɽ
һںϣһ˿Կ߿ɽԸǿߣ˭˻Ķ֣
Ҫôʱ䣬ں߿ɽ
ܣ˵棬Ҳһڣ߿ɽ
ǿʩչСǧذΰ֮ں߿ɽֶξ
ɻģģһҪ
ִһǻѪҪ
ע߿ɽɽ޷ֵ
磬Ǭż߶Ǭ¯ԸԳô죿ͻȻʵ
Ŀ磺ʲô߶ңԶʵҪʵעˣһӣɱһֲԳԵӡһʱҲ޷Ƕƣ
ʱ
ǬʮΪϰˣԳɱһ˴߶Ǭ¯ɱ


2416 ɱ

Ǭ¯ϰ˴߶ڰ֮״󣬶ٶȷɿ죬Ȼ顣
̫µ֮Ǭ¯Իɱκɻʡ

Ǭ¯ײԳԳײѪɡ
ԳһԾײгȥ
̫ﰡȻٴɻ֣޷ն
Գǿֲ֮룬ϸ˼ְ澹λɻʣ̶ܶʱֹΪξԳ
˭˵أ
˱վԳͷ·ѿһ㡣
֮Ǭ¯ڽԳסС
Գˣ
Ʋ࣬ԳϾǬϰǿߣ󲿷ֻǾɻʣǵɽ֮Уһպǿߣ
ֵǬŴͨɱԳҲ޷ԳɱƷӡ

˷ǿٴΪǬռϷ硣
ǻɱ棬ֻҪԳɱֻʣ·һ
˽ףԳĴڣܻڡ
ûԳʧȥɽ
䣡
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˫ʱ״̬
ǿֻһ˼Գȸѹ
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ȻԳвҲ˵˼Գϣɱǵһ¡
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ټһǿߣʮ˲ȥǬ¯
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ʱǰòƿǬ¯Գɱƽ磬Ǿеˡ
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ˣں߿ɽıʱ䣬һһ붼ʮ

ϰǿж֣οɲɳǿȥɱ棬ǲǿۼ
Ҵ߶ͨͷԳ׸նɱһ̣ͻ
ԭҪԳ֡
ԼʮǬŵӣʦʦܣ
Ϊ𣬾ںܶ˹ע£Ȼץһɽ
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õȻкܴܣ˾Ȼͷһֱδʩչ
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˿ǿɽǬʮǿ֮ɱǬ¯֮УһԳ
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񲻶Ͻӡı佣
ǿɽԦԳϣһһѪۡ
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ڴ麹״̬·붨һ㣬ָ̬
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˵ӭǿߣͨҲһϡ
ͨһնɱϰǿߣõĺô塣
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桢ͨһȻϰ취
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תңǳ䣺һ̿ʼǾ͸жȥҪ˷ָʤ
¶ģ磬ǬţָĶţз˱ȹ֮͡ʵǿ֮࣡


2417 
ԡ磺ǵǿߣҲҪȥ棬ҲоɻʵֶΣ߳ɰɱ񣬴һҿǬŻҺΣ
ȻҲ⣬źеǿߣǬһǿ֮Уһɽ˾ս֮ˣһɱڷɵͻ񣬺ųǬɫţ
ɽ
˾ս
ʮҲ£ת֮УԦɱϰǿߡ
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˼ʣһڳˣ罣Ƶգڴ˺㣬еһս
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һֻ˿ɽ򣬲֪Ŀֲ֮
һ·棬ٴһӣ
һһɻʣֿˣ

˱仰ͷë
ɽ޷κ˹ע
ʱһ紺ը죺棬˻棿

Ӧȴ壺㣡
֪СҪ˵棬Ȼն㣡
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սһ
ɲǹ͡Ԫˡ
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գۣһâķɳ
ɽȥգԷɱһ

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󣡡
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ɣ˵һóϲһҲ˵أ

˫ֻһУһѾֳյȼ
ٴӡԪɲǱΪɱ֪٣棬Ҽ֮󣬲Ѵ֮ɱ㣡
Ҫģ˭֪¶һӡ
ھģҲѾˣɱ
ͷ͵ȡ
ͬһɵɽӺ潣һƳնϡ

ʯըѣǻһȻɽɣס

ʵ̫̫ԣ
ǿϧ治ɻʣɻʣ֮߳Ҳȴʱм񣡡
ߵȷͬ죬ҲȻһ·֮У˷֮һ

ֻǵڶȴˣ
ұȵһܵĸΪм֮
棬һȡ֮ǰɽֵܵûɽһֻϣ
ǺޱȣæԽն
֪ûɽ棬ͷ˷ܲѡ

ɽɣ޷ƣ
ȫ߶ɽ̡죬ƿն¡
޼᲻ݣ
˽Կ棬ɥ֮¡
ݣ
Ȼǿûϵǣ澹ȻץһɽʱϷ

ɽɹһȻҲɣٱס
ɽ
ƺ֮ǰΧɱǼһɽ
˼˵նɱǿߣܽɽںϣΪԼã

ڶﱻڶڣʱбסɽ޲š
֪滹еڶɽ
·֮еĶߣܵõһѾһܵõɽ֮١
û뵽δ£
ҺܶҲϳǿɽ֮ǰǿã˵նɱˣʱ
ѹס棬κ˶侲ΪŸеһ棺ֶΣݺ᲻ɽ磬ǿߣַߣȷ֮٣Ǹ죬ҲȥΪƾɽܱסһ

Ŀ֮У浱սɽȻЦҲܱסܽնɱ
Բѣ
ɽٴαŭ߷·˹նǿޱȵĵ
ݣ
ȻҲɽɱȥȻʵǿҲԷŲ࣬Ǿɱ


2418 зҸ

һΣ
ǿһһڽ棬Ҳ֮ǰܾѹסɽҲδɡ
΢΢һ㶣ӵڷɽȷһҪ٣棬㲻ţϧұɱ㣬죬ֳ֮һʤܣܣҲȡͷ
̤·Ҿ־ΪߣǲҾͷſһսɣ
ã
ͻȻ֮ǰЩͬ
ʼ֮ǰΪԹ
ʶ棬ƥоɻʵϿҪ˼֤£·֮Уһս

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ৣ
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һ޴֣Ϣץ
ǡǬ֮ͨһ֣æ濴ӡգʧ¡
ͨɱգ⣬ͻȻʣһֱи⣬Ǭ¯ӺηΪβ᱾Źȴͨ˵뱾ͬͨЩͬ󲿷ȴƣ
ܻ㣬һ̣һ㣡
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ȹǿĶ࣬ұʵǾɻʣɽѿȴ󲿷ɻʣȴһ࡭
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ݣ
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üͷƼδɱ棬ЩæΪҴϣܸоһǬţЩԨԴϢΪʲô
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˫ͫһ󾪵ͨ򵥣ƺܽƣ
Ҳ򵥣
氵ޣԷܿӡ˵ͨ˽⣬Խ󲿷ɻʡ

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ɱӡһȫɱ
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ˣһҪʤ
ݺ޵еԳ
ͨͷԳȻʩչѾնɱʮǿߡ
һһÿ˵Ľš
ӡ֪һ㣬ΪòȻɱ֣ͨҲǳʩչϮɱˣ
Ѿٻغϣ
˻ֲ״̬˭ҲûռƣʵѾƫ棬죬սĲ¡
ߣ滹кܶƣʬ徫һսһʬ壬
һ㣬δط߶¡
ܴ֣ʵ͵ռȨȥӡͨԲɡ
ɽмܣֻҪȥʤȻ


2419 ս
Ȼǵλɻʣӵκɻʵͥ·һȥֻѪծǬ赲ҲҪɱһѪ·
Ȼ֮ģ·ܷա
һֻ̣ǣһĨЦ
ಣ
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һֶ༸أѪ飬ٻ١
ĴѪÿһ֣
ѪĪ㣬κ
ͻѪѪУ֮ʩչɺκ
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ԳѪĿǰֻ̺ƻδ
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žžž
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ֵܵİԵҲȻ֮״̬ɣҲ
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˿֮У˭Ҷ϶˭ʤ˭ܣ

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ʱʱʤ

ݣ
ɽɱǰͬʱѪ赲
ڵɽɱٴ赲ɽ
Ȼ֮ǰȵ棬ʼԪǿʵһǿȥҲɽ꣡
ӳȷǿ١
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ôѪѹΧ֣ĲҲˡ
ǵŵʵ
֮ϣжɽ̤ٵۡۡ־ҲЩ֮Ĳࡣ
һñǿΪܲ۷壬ԸɡȻǿƱƽüޣҲȻ򾲡

һ̣ɽٴα𿪡
ɽȲǿɽ޷ǿʵɽ
ľɻʣȥɽһ㣬Ϊֹؼʱ򣬻ܲѹԭ
ֳʤˣ
һɾ룬ȫɽɱ棡
ûɽͨȻ޷סһߣҲᱻΧһֺɱ
񲻿Ǭţɽ磬潻ܿߣΪǬŵӣǴд£


2420 ն
ֳܶǿ߽ΪһƽѾƫ

ɹʹһʼվǷ
ݣ
ɽɱһ֮ڣɽ޷ʱǻٶҲ޷׷ϡ
·ԽȻı飬ӡ֮ϡ
һ̣ͻȻ޵һץǰץһۡ

û뵽֮Уֻûһɽ
Էɱɽɱ治ߣͱɽסû
еɽ
˰ԭҲڲ׾һʼûʩչֶΣһɽ
ɽʵٰ
½ֱ˷룡
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ֹؼʱĻȻ÷նɱ棬ǲˡ
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˼ʣ
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ǾţǬţֻһ΢ķߡΪҵ񣬽зӳǬ¯
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ԦɽգɳգǬʣ¶ʮӣΧϰˣԳɱǱѡ
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ͨһԦ綾ԶǿΧɱ
˾ۼһ𣬼ԳǰɱЩǿ߽ڽڰˣȻν棬ȫʢ
Ǽɱ˳ûΪʬ֮ǿ֮ʼ롣
ȻЩ⣺һٶ˿ɶǾɻʣҪһ˼ƴǻҪܴĴۣ
ЦɫһɣǵĺģɱҲ߽ˣֻȥǻԳ󣡡
ȻҪӣȻȥ׷
ȥ٣ͨſʼ֮ȡ
ԳڣûԳ߲ܼ֤ಽɽ֮ۡ
ʲô
һϴԵǰ
ɽڴˣΪǬžţѾԽ󲿷ˣɵ֮С
ʱƷ߶֮һʵ᲻һɻʶ֣
ʦ֣ʵˡԷֹ̣
ã
ȶɽ꣬Ͻɱ⣺ԭС˷ߣСͥʿƾɽһնɱ񡭡
Ĭˣ

·ǣ
һƯ֮УͻȻǰ¹ӽ豭Ųٸֵ棬ˤ顣
ôˣʵɽһЩҲڣòһɻʣ


2421 Ƕ
ҲͰˣȻ۽ȥʮӣøס֪
һСӣǬĨ۵㣬öɽȥ£
¹侲

նɱǬžӣ
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ţͥʱ˵һӡ֤۹⣬ȷ
΢ЦţǬŲʹưոݣ·棬Ҳ˰װײǬ֮ϣ

ٴһġ
֮ǰ˷ܵȻ޴棬ףÿ类˪һ㣬û˿ͷ
ԷǬţͥЩͨ

·
һɽ
һпɱ˸տʼž;ס̸桢һս
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·пᣬʱҲǻʱÿ˶˭Ҳ޷ֹȻǲ⡣
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ǿԾɻʲΪ̤ɽۡ
һ˳ɹϵɽȻʧҲеɱսʱ䡣
ԳһսΪʵͻͽɽ뵱κɻǿ൱ȥˡ
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еס
ɽգͻȻΪյĳҽ
ԭսǿߣ䲻⣬̤ɽ壬Ϊѵʱ̣ôա
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򵥣սĶߣҲǸ֣
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ЧԣȻ߶ɽɱ
ɽҲգͨӰ죬һնȥͽԷǿ߼Ԧͨ״̬жϡ
ӵзȷռ̫ˣ
ɲԷᣬɽն
ԷֻǿɱƣͨȻܲסɽǿ
˫һٶеʱǿ̫࣬޷ɱ赲ɽͨ飬նͷ­
ã
˵ֽкã
ɱǿе࣬Ȼܿɳɽ
뿪֮󣬵ɽֿʼγɽ磬ɽŵһͷͷǷӿɽ
˻ʵҲܵڶսʤܵõ·ⲻǰװ׷᣿
ܳɹǶսһǿߣѻν㹻ˣĲ󣡡
ܶ˼״̬ȴ뿪ɽ벻ס


2422 ˿ڷɽ
Ϊ롭
ֹͣУȥϡ
뷨սĸΪأˡ
һǬɱս岻֣ʱԹơ
Ϊ棬δսϾսȴɽҪ׵Ķࡣ
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вʱ䣬Ҹطָʵǰеɽķɵ
ԶɽŵͬʱѰҵطϢ
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¿ɱҶﶯĹ켣죬ɱĽҲ֮
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а˿ɽСʻ˭棿ʮ꣬Žա
ζսﵽһ޷ĵز
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ͷʶƮһ鱦ʯ
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ʯͷųͬٴɱҿֱɱɽԸɽɱ߽ҵĿǰԳǿֶΣʩչס񣬽նɱ
ʯҲ֪Ǻεȱ
浱սǿޱȵĹʱͽʯںϣֶΡ
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һΣʯʩչ򣬽Ϊǿɱ
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Ŀǰʵֻʯںһɣںһɣһɱ񣬲֪Ժںϣ޳ֲֺ
ֿʼʯںϡ
ʱ̣ʮ굽ˣ
ںϣ˸оɱ䲻٣ʵ


2423 Ѫͨ
Ӧ״̬δָƻҪһʱ䣬ͨߡȻԻָࡣ
պҪʮ꣬ͷſģڴ֮Ȼ֮
ݻںϷȵ飬ٴλص֮нС
ԴȪ֮ɻϵʿ޷ȱٵʵ̫ؼ
ʬ徫ûӦ֮Ҳ޷ʬ徫硣
ڴʱһħɷ֮Ӹڱ
ͨͻˡ
Լ̶˲Ϣ¶ϲ
ҲһʱӦ̤ͨɻʡ
ͨõʬ壬ܴӴ֮УռԴǬŵӴ䡣
ͻǱȻģ
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Ѫ̫ˣʵԳҪǿĶࡣ
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ĥãΪͨʱùƳ桢ħ潫ѪԼڳ룬û뵽ѵͨںѪ
ϸϸ鿴ͨ仯
о˵ķ֡
ͨʱΪִ֮Ѫѡ
ѪѴͬͨѪֻһЩѪ˿ӡ
ͨѪ֮УȻǴ˿ѪɫѪ˿ͨ⡢ںϡ
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ǵͨӵѵںѪı仯޷ס
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ͿЩѪ˿Ȼںٶȣ֮
Ѫ˿·ſֲ޲ѿѪ⣬Ȼںϣ
ʱնѪ֣ĴҲԺܿٶѵѪͨںϣҲӵѪǵ޷
һĻǳϤȻ뵽Ѫָ
ʱϸ˼֮£֪ͨΪΣûħ桢Ƴ棬Ѫ롣
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ͨѡǶԵģһﲻ֪֮䣬õɱ䣬ӵ涼ӵеָ
ˣϣҵȷǹ⣬Ѫ
ͨͻƽ̤ɻʡ
ʳ
ͨˬش쳣⣺ʱ׼ѪߣѪںϣҪҲҪܳʱ䣬ҷΪںѪ棬žǬŸɱҲˣָֻܿѪ
ҹţˣһںѪȻںϣΪѪų⣬ѪںϹƳ棬ںħ棬ںѪ࣬ںѪ
Ҳø֮ǰһܺ£ͻɻʣδκβף
ˣĻ·֮УѪջ񣡡
档
޴ڰ
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ͨܵõ˲ʵٽһҲ޷Ԥδĳɾ͡
֮Уںʯ۷ǵͬʱҲַںϡ
ص㻹СǧǧʱԼ˿ɽȻҲʯ
ֱȸ̤ɻʣʮ۷ǲںУڲ֮еؽߣҲϰٵΪ۷ںϴɱ䣡
֮УĴһչ®ǧƿԳ
ԼҲʵ֮С
Ͽգ汻𺳡
ķ֣оޱ߾޴ͨḥ̂֡
۷ϢϢڣнһٶȻϸ緢˿ֽߵױȡ
Դ߷ߣܽǿǿ
ǡǣŹǣӦòǷǣǵǣںô꣬Ȼֻںϣ
Ѿ۷Ϣ
Ѫɶʬ壬ǬŸ֣
ʮ꣬ǬľΪ֡
صǬκιܱںϣֱգͨɡ
һǬǿʬ壬ʵ˲ι
Ǭ׷ɱңҲնɱǣ˭
֪ʱţܸܵʵɻʺܸߵĵز
ԴʱʵһսøһЩ

뿪ڣںϣһʱܵڱ仯ɻ۷塣
ʮǰǿһ
һЩ޵۷壬Ӷ죬·ھʣʮʱ䣬ȥɵ·ɵǬžΣȥܼʶǿߣ
ںһӣ


2424 ƽϿ
Ҳָ۷壬Ҳ״̬
ҽȡȥ
ãһɽ
ǡϤԣҵ꾭ޱɽ磬ǸΪپľţ
ܶΧڵɽʮ⣬ɽ֮۶
һ濴÷ǳϤò󣬲˭
پ
ޱɽ·ޱɽ磬ڴ֮Уپѩһ
ȷ·ͷپ
ʮޱǿߣһΪپ
ʮУ־ͱپܣ
ԳɽޱԪ١컯šǬһĴ
ûм֣ԽɽһЩע⣬ƺϳ档
ϳΣ
ʱǸտ·ӣ˶ƺ«
սǬֹȻɱǬŵӣڶ¼˭ҵһͨߣ˵ɱɱ
·Ǵ󲿷ֶλ۷Ĵڡ
˽ûɽ;һЩӶߣԽǽԽ١
ڳľͷ·γһ޴ƺ
Ǻ·صľͷһɫϿȣҲǽɫ£
·ûƽ𽽹ɡ
˱ǽɫϿ𺳣ѵǻƽϿȣ
ǾǷɵ
ǻƽǣкܶӣǰ
Ȼͫһʵǻƽڲ꣬ɵںϣ÷ɵڵ⸽ԣԿȥǻƽ𣡡
澪ľͷдԣ
ɵǿߣϹŵƶһʱգͣд۴УԼȵȣķǣԽǴڵĵǡ
ɵǷһʴƣ
ǱΪɵ׽ȥɵκαиַӡ塢ӡҽɵҲи󷨣ܶɵȥϹЩϹƹؿռ䣬˵õõһϹҲջ񲻵ˣ
Ϊ
ɵٻа
쿿ͬʱԴź濴Ȼ
ȻԷѩһԷɵ˽⣬Ȼˡ
ʲô˵۲ֳ࣬Խ֮ϣ
ǿ֮Ϊʵﵽһ磬γɣɾ磬γۣҲֻǷĳȻ̺ǿߵʼֻһַ
ͬһЩǿǰҪԼ򡢷ͨȫĴڣһ̺ǿߵ־ֱںӡڵ֮УӶֱӴ߶ʩչǿ֮
Ȼޱϡ٣󣬵ܶ˵õҲûлԵȥ⿪նڴ󲿷˶ԣ缦ߣǾ䱦޷ڲ
˵һĳϣҪ۽׷

ǰȻԼ˽һ棬һһ
˲ŻȻԭϻ֣ƵĲڡ
ʱɵҲڽˣ
»ʮҲܿɵǻƽϿǰвٶ߶ۼա
ˡ
滹ڴ̤ɵɵ·ĳڡ
ǣһЩǬǿϢǰԽǿҴ
Ϣ·ʯһ㣬ɱģҶо˰ɣǬϢǹѾ֪Ҫ
ಣ
ƽϿǷգȻۼʮӰӡ
ʮ˾һſⷽڱƽ
һѪսɱۣˣҲҪɱֻͨʼ߷
׼Ѫս֮ʣǬʮǿ߾Ȼֲ֪ΪΣӰ֮ͣ£ֻصƽϿȡ
ȻŪôһ£ⲻǬ硭һͷҲѹŴʯЩ͸
ʱͣȻصɽѰطʮ·Ǿܰȫ뿪·
õİ취û˿ԥϷƽϿȡ
ɵжĴ̨ȻȻưոݡ
֮ǰΪƽϿȣһʵϿȡ
ˣ
ʮſƽϿȾһ纣¥Ĵڣ棬ټ޷ֱ档
мˣڻƽϿǰϢƺȥ
Ȼ˵Щ˲ȥ޷ȥɵڲ̫󷨡Щ˵⡣
컯šޱڡǬšԪ١ö൱ӣ෢ꡣ
ɵǰǬʮǿߣڸۼһ飬עһһ
û뵽ǸŶξҲУ޲ýԵ
ǬŲûж֣

Ǿ꣬ոţһͥķ棬һʥɽ࣡
˽ǲǬŶֲǬһֱʲô
кϷˣ
ܶǿߣ⿴˿˺ܿϳ桢ࡣ


2425 һȺ
ͶĿ⣬׿ˣŻƽϿֻ̾мϵɽЩߣ·ˣҲʮˣ
ɽ˷ţ
Ȼֻʮ˲ܻ·δɽɵʱ̶䡣
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˽ɵ
Իƽ·ǬҲûж˶֡
ʱභ߿ǰλðĻƽ֮£мվﲻͻأУʧ
Ȼǳɹ̤ɵڲ磡
ɵ
ɫ·ʯǧһ֮ңܴ·
Ҳ̤ɵ
Ц
ͻȻ׼ǰɵҪȥƽ¡
֪󷽴һɱ˲١
һ䳰ȷȻ߲ơ
תɲǣ;ˣǡɽڣɽ粻ٹŴǿߣ
룬Ҳǰۼٶˣ
Ϊɽһɽڣ
ɽڸɻɽŴ
ɨˣüͷű߲߲ƣӻ޷ܹһս
һԴɽڵǿߣ˿͸ž˽ڰȻ˵ĴڣκˣֻҪųϹϵɽˣŴʦ½껣ʮӣԱɱ䣬½ǽɵҲУҲ˶ãǻ׷ɱɵ
½ѽɵ
ԻԣȻǸ˵£ֵ֪ӣٶЩնɱɱ·Ҫ
ΪǬŲ֣ǿԽɵ
Ǭһֱõɽ磬ɽ磬ɽǬų
ԭǬŲ֣Ϊйã

Χ֮У
ǬǿڳЩҲҴ˵ǬǿƵġ
ҴɽΪɽйŴŸϳɽ磬˿֣Ǹ꽣ӣԵһָ
սɣͨ΢Цš
ಣ
գۣ֮Уɳʮ֣Ǿɻʡ
Χߣ԰˷ɽ磬ܶԾ˺һЩò޹
ǿűǣ
ͻȻһ
ֲ̤Ƶ˲䣬гһɽ
ǿҷߵס߲ǣһɲץɽ͵ؼɽ
ݣ
ɽչգɲǴʮǿߡ
ԷȻûϵɽֱӼɽ׷ͨʶʩչϻ֮赲ɽ硣
أ
ɽնʮǿͨϷȻɽҲ޷ôǿߺϻ֮ն顣
˾֮ǰɹǶɽǿߣࣿ
ʵȷһ֮ʮɻʶ֣
ȻʵҪ֪·ܻųȥˣ̫٣̫٣
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Χǿ߽ϿĲͬʱҲһ˶Ըʮˣ

಻ʮɱٴɱɽ
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ʱЧͳˣԷȻ˶ڣϾͨȲϷɽһδȻҲ顣
ͨɽһ飬ʮǿߴһǷ׷ٴνӡһӰɱ
ɾͻȻһɳշ籩ڰγɣպýʮס
ֳ꣬Ȼһ˿Կʮˣ
мһɨʮˣȻһˣ˶ڣҪʤңҲǳΣ
ӣţͨɱȥ
ܵȥ
ȻɽǬŹϵӣ˵һжǬŰָʹ
ˣǾԼУ
ͻȻȻһҲͨʼӡ
һӹ
ߣ
ɽЩǿߣһ¡
ݣ
桢ͨ׳Ϊ룬ƿЩ˰Χ
ã
ǿߵȴţмֶΡ
֪ɽЩǿߣ·֪ʲôϽ˳֡
ž
ΧϿձʱֳߵսľˡ
ħһӱը綾ʮ޷Ӧ綾ϮʹҽУƤ类ˮ̹һ䡣
Գ
ɱ˴ʱ䣡
ɱ˴ֲ֮ʣһâ˳֮С
찡ĪߣӶߣ
ΪҪ
ǿǴ֮УͻȻְ׾޴Ѫɫ˭ŵ﷢ë
ɣͨץٵɲ
֮Уͨɱٵɾնɱˡ
ಣ
һ֮ϡ
ΧâһɽΧ
Ȼһ˵õ
˺ô˰һδõȴһ˵õɽ
ֲô·ɽ֣˭κ


2426 
˿֮ϣƿɽһĻ类
ݣ
ӳ
ָһһɽ·һĨûֿɱ
˸ոӳͱɽԽնͷ­
ݣ
ϴ߶ͨ
ƣ˾ҪһѪս
ʱԳԸˣϲߡ
ɽ粦һ㣬֮УͨԸˣ͵Ϯնɱ
˲֣Уһ˲ɱ
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Ŷģһ֮ǰնɱǬŴӣɱ֮࣡
ǿɲǴţû뵽ǬǾްԣκ˶ǣ⼸ƫƫ£ɱǬǿߣⲻǵɽǿߵ棬Ǭӣ
ŰɣǬһնɱ棬Գͽ䣡

˶ǿơɱסˡ
·ɻʣȴնɱ졢ɻʡ
ܲ˵
ԳӦҲһαԦ
Գ˴󲿷עȻҲ˵Ĺ
ԳѪٴα飬ȥԳջ
Ҳû취Է˶ڣȻԿʧȥԳҲҪ˿治ϡ
ÿ˶һŵĴڣ
ࡢͨ˵¾Ӣ棬ɱɽŴšǿߡ

ƿɽ֮ش֮һ߾ʬ¡
̶̰㣬ѾնɱǿߣܶմȾҲҪС
߶Ĭˣǲ˵ǸûϵˣȻΧɱ
ԼʩչԳÿ˶зܿƴֲЩֶͳͳÿˡ
ΪǴʱ˿̣ٵǼˣͨ˿
Ǭ¯
Ѫ
ɽɱ
ӳȥȻҪ֣ڳɽǿߣ֪ԼֶΡ
ֻǣû鷳
һ̣óֶΣӡϣ
ɲǣھ޴Ǭ¯Ӱᣬ֮С
һյĴѪȻΪԴԸں϶ɵĻѪɱС
ȻѪҪָĵ
ûɣ
ȻǬŴͨ
Ī汾ڷ磬õǬʧĴУɽ磿ȻǬڲìܣ
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׷ײڲѪɣʬ嵹¡
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ͻȻתǿߣһȺûõķ֪繷һҷͣеӾɱ㵽ףκȡǿߣǻᣬɣ
ɣ
˵֮꣬Уȴûһ˳
ЩɽŴǣӳȥͲɱѪ
˰
ɻʣͽ֮֮ںϣ;ǻʵˣ
ҲǹȻǬŽ

ٴɱ֮УɽɱɽЩŴߡ
ǿ߼֤һĻһ̣ɵǿߣ֪һλɻʡ
һЩɽǿӳ
󲿷ʱɱ
һ
ʬ屻ͨڣʬ顢
ȻԳҲֻʣ¹Ȼܴ߶Ѿǿߣ޷ȥв
ձգڵ浹𽥻Ϊǻҡ
ಣ
Ŀ֮£˾ۼ֮ٴηɵ
û˸赲˶޷κˣ˭Ǽɲ
ƽ£桢һҲһԻƽ³˼Ҳ˳̤С
кεȰ
ź棬ִƽ£
ԭһŽ羧ڣͷŸӦ֮ܿ£һϵĵ£ӵͷų֧ɵ֮š
ƽ¾ǽɵĴţ
Ȼӷ·˸ѩ⣬ӨҪȥܼ򵥣ʵΪܴ͸磬ܽɵɵһʵûнɻ۷ʵ޷ȥģ
޷ȥ˻һˡ
ĿǰʵҲǿֻоɻʡߣͬһ仰Ū÷ǳɥ
Ȼ仰ôĿٴȣȻҲǾԣǿ߽ɵǿʵһ˽ɵǳΣգգ


2427 ɽһɻţ
ΣҲýȥԣһԣǶȥɵ޷·ɣ
գ
ʼתͨԪ񣬽ʵ۷塣
ԾɻѰʵԪӿɵ
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ܶ󷨺ۼ۶˺֣һִ·ҪС
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ѣֻܴ߶ĵ£
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ǰٴηɱ䡣
ĵۡ󷨺ۼ·Ӷϵˣ󷨿ռҲǷںˡ
ֱǰԽʧһƬȴǳߵ磬ȻһɫĶߡ
Ӧþķɵɣ

һ̣һЩߣ󷨺ɳǷɵȥ
ˡ
״̬һԪȫع顣
˲䣬ǰĲǷɵڲ硣
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ͷƿ򣬽ƿһ̴Ŵɵ
ಣ
˲һЩ˹ע£ʧڷɵǰ
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Թһ˳һһ̤Ų˹Ȧߵĵϡ
ϤĻƽ£ǰķɵ
ˣ
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½껣û뵽һطꡣ
ಣ
˸գͻȻ޷ڿա
ʱҲŷ֣ɵȻһɰκһʿ޷նС
򣬵ֲǣֻǾ޴ѹƿռ䣬ܵơ
ֻڵ񱼣ҲԱڷɱ

ǰɳ۶һӰԭ½껡
ȻݼЦ󷽾׷½껶
ǴɽǿߣȻ׷ɱʦ֣
û뵽ŽɵҪһս治м˰ˣҲȥ
üͷСǼˣǴɽĵӣС캣ɽһţȴʦǿһЩ
ϵܣ
½ڽˣȴǸˣǼæʾǿѰطǬŸ̤ɵ䶭ɽҪն㣬ҴɽҲöԸ
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ߣ
׷ɱ֣һǾɻʷǳ
ΪɪɪЦ棬ɱǬŵӣɵùӳԵģԴʱڴˣ󺣽նɱǬҲңΪɽȻҽɽһͳ
һͳɽ磿
ͷðͬͷ
նͻȻʩչ½껵һ
ಣ
Ĵǰ
Ǻоƺ«Ϣɽ羫
ͣ׷ɱڰ׻ߵ档
żΪмЦݣҡͷƾ㣿նɱǬŵӣҲţ󺣿Ǵɽڵһɻʵӣֻһ߰ˣҾｫնɱȡƺ«ý޼ӣ
Աһλᶷߣ󺣹ʦ֣˻㶯֣ʦͣһԿţɱһλɻʰˣ


⼸ҲӻԾվս档
Ĵڣ
紫ţſɫʰˣȻţһλɻʣǬſ⡣
ǶȥҪնɱݺߣĴֻԹԹȥ
ΪǷҪնɱ棿
ȻҪץסᣬһնɱ棬һ޷ĴֺͣǬţܰƺ«׸޼
˺˼Ŷթ
Ȼ֣
ûһ˿ɫʡ
Ψ½в󷽽ɽɻʵһ鴫˱ȹҪǿ٣
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ʱ˿̣˻Ϊâǽڷڡ
ӡСϪ֮УΪһ͸Ż
ݣ
󺣵ռԦӶ˫ն
ಣ
桭
˿ֲͨȴֻʩչӡɱһ̣һڷ⣬Ĵ̳
ǵڶ


2428 ˺ĹŽ
䣡
˲Ϣ
ɱһɽն顣
ڶɽԽ齣Ѹײڶ֮ơ
ɽӣŽ飬ܵ𵴣ɽæͷͨ赲޷Ƭ̼ܡ
ԣԽ̫࣬ȻҲܣ

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дžܣɻʣΪӵоɻʵ
ݣ
ո˵꣬˫۱һɽâ̵޷εɱ
ʦ֣
Ĵַ
ۣ
һ
󺣽ȱһն飬ȫʵʩչͨסڶ
ֱɱɽ
Ҳһɽڵڶɽѹ֮ʣֱͨ͸š
һ䣡
ؿ˿ڣŵźһ֮аŸָӡ
ӡ
һܣ
עɽĴּһĻȥ汨
һΣʱ
⡢ʵǳǿᣬɾ½֮ǰΪġ
գۼ䣬ɽɻʵһ˵󺣣ͱ߶ɽնɱ
½ͻȻòŹȥ꣬ǰ棬Ѳ·֮ǰʶǸˡ
󺣻λ£һ԰ף亹һε£ҡҴɽڲŹ㣬Ǭţ棬㲻ú
ǬŲ֪ǿУΪҪɱңҲɱ㣬ĪĿ

һ󺣣ڡ
ٿǰ֮ǰĴӰӣӰ١
ڷɽɵȥ
ں󷽣Żδ½껣ʦ֣˵ڵǣɲ·֮ǰһ·ҵɱ˲ǿߣ󺣡ǰǰ߸ϣ񻹲Ϊɱ󣿡
澹ȻõɽֲնɱǬŵӡֱɵ½ȻЩš
ɵǰ
ʱһһأڷɵǰǧϢΪɵ׼
½껶˽ܣɵһȥҪͲףЩ˽к̤ܶɵ֮Уǵţ
ʣʮ꣬һҪɵߣûԥһɵ
ҲϰԸҲں󷽸ȥ
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ܵõɽҲˣ
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ٿɵΧϿ׵ȣǻƽ𾧱ڣֻһɵ

սɵ˻ӦڲϢ
һ෢

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˼ʣ֮ǰǸںɽʧܵĶߣָ뿪֮ǰŰȻ֮ɫɽ·ȴûκһǿ߿ȡƾǼɫ


2429 
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һֽһ̾ȥѣȥֻͽ֣һСĵ޷޷ʩչͨͻѾ°٣ˤ˭ɻʣ緲һˤ
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һЩȻ룬Ưâӡȷ͡
ҲǰڴжԾԾԡ
ĥ𺣲򵥣·꣬кܶǿǰͻڣ˵𺣵Ŀֲ
Ȼһ򣺡λ汻˵ˣǻ𺣵Ļ棬ɲ򵥣ҲȻ棬𣬴Է紫֮еϵɽ»𺣶ƶɣܽɻʷɱκɻʽȥ޷ֶãҪô׹𺣱Ҫôֻӳ
ŵûǷݺ棬Ȼʧǻ֮£ʬ壿
·𺣾ʹˣ򶥼ţ׹𺣱Ȼͷ
Ҫȥԣ
û뵽̸ۻ𺣵Ŀֲ֮
澪ĴˣҪȥ»𺣡


2430 »
ţæס磬ܿЦȻʵǵطʵȥȡͣ
οЦģҲΪͣǽ֮Уûڵˣ
ҲȡһմȾͻֲ𶾣κɻҲ޷ܣԽŨңΣվԽߣû뵽ȻҲܵģҲͬ⡣
ԾͰգһ綾ûô
˻޷˵档
ڴȴţպ˽ǹϽݡ
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˱յ÷ǱͷƤҲʼ𽥻ΪҰɫڻ··ƤܿữΪҽ
˻Ǽһ̤յûͨͨһ˽һΣһͷ𺣣ðݾͲˡ
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أ
Ȼû˿쳣
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硭Ⱥ֮еĻѾٵģЦݡ
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ΧҲڷ׷ۣ
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һɻ̤֮УȥϷ˱ûճһˡ
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Ϊʲô˶ȥ
ܶ˳Ц˵Ĳ
ǱЦ˴ˣʧȥֻʣºܶ䳰ȷ
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û뵽ֻɽ΢΢Щ仯ӡްɱ䣬ȻҲ޷
ˣǲɻ֮лϵѪԼϵʵ
գںϷ


2431 
󲿷Ѫ뿪ںϡ
ں֮󣬴ʵ΢Щ𺣷ԣ΢һЩ
Ȼв
Ҳû𺣾ͫ
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ˣ߶ǿ𣿾ȻŽȥ

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Ӧ֮Ӧ֮ٽȥᱦ
˶ˣ
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ȥΪʵ֮УٴοĿ⣬ڷ仯
֮ǰ󲿷˶ǳ֣һ̣ܶн塣
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ڷɵϿ档
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ݣ
죡
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û𺣴󾫻ͫЧˣͷ˫֮ͫÿһԳ档
ûͫЧǳ統ɻݣںϻϵ

Χ汻֮ͫͫС
Щ𾫻ͫһɫûУ֮УͫԿκһо
ԸŻ棬ǰЩԼ͡
ͫʵʣͻȻ·Ϊо·Ի
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ܿѰĴڡ
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ãȻͷһԪӣ𺣴󣬳ϷǼڻ֮ҲзȡĻ㲻ڶߣ
ڻ𺣴ֱȻҪԾ
жĿǰ֪ʲôҹӦǲôʱıƾǴľԴڣ
ȡͷȡǣ·֮У涨κηһߵõǶߵģ
Ӧ·ǿģػ󣡡
·ڴˣռԶǿ߳ƣΪ·ԴҲΪ²ٱ·й涨κηֻҪȡڶߡ
лӡ
ͷԪȻĹ֮
·ߴʣαȡ
ûάֵ˵ز󳬹ɻʣӦôﵽ߶ȣҲһܲóġ
·Ȼ
ͷֻͫͫʱܴӿֲ֮Уȡ
УʩչѪһȥܿȷձ顣
ԽΪʮٱ
ͫߴϣߴʣ֮Уͫ
ˡ
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ĥһӣȻӡͫͫȻΪ㣬ͫߴԼα
ܽͨ໥ͨãɻ̤ʩչĪ⣡
ͫưȥ˴ʣſڿʼ롣
澪ǣߴƯʾͫ룬Ҳ޷ȡߣߴ𺣷·Զںһ
֪ˣߴӦþǻ𺣴ߴԴ𺣴˲ӵе߶ȣȻ޷
ಣ
ףź


2432 δ֪ϵ
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磬ͨʯ飬ᾭܻգ˵ͨʯ飬ǱʯƷƷƷƷʯҲڻ֮зջΪҺ壬ճΪһʽ׷ʱҲᱻٻ٣
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°ͣΪɶһǾʵڣ
ֻܸߴһλʵʵ򣬲ɽеλõϿɣǳԽǵĵǣϹǿ߲Ĺ屦˵ǣܶ˵õǣҲΪǶӵиֲͨһЩƴǰ츳ľȻ˵
Ȼ˵ʵҴ۵Ǿ͵õطִСʱ㽫εںϣкβ
濪ʼѪںʯͷ
˲Ѫʯͷʯͷ·û˿仯һͨʯˡ
ԽǱԽǷ豹档
ɽģӡҲǣ
ʯͷȻ˵һǳԽǵĴڡ
ɵںһʱ䣬ʯûܽϢһ˿˿
ѵⱦԵͷһɻΪǵ۽׷ҲںһЩ
üͷںٶȣԼ
ʯȻǱܻһЩڡ
ˣ
漸Թߣǿںϱʯʱ
һ޵Ĵ𵤴һ˿â΢΢ʯ
ʯâһ㶯
ӡ
󾪣
һʱҵӽ𵤴ݶû뵽ȻƯڽӡ
ӡһ㵭ӫͷţ·˿룬һ΢αʯǰñʯʱʱҲγɵĻζ
Ϊαʯӡӿ
һĻϲ
֮ǰһ˼ֻϰ취ǿȥںϱʯ
߽һͬŵ̬û뵽ⷢӡαʯ໥Ӧ
߱Ȼϵ
Ȼ޷ǿںϱʯӡںϣԾͽӡںϱʯ
뷨󶨸
ӡӽ֮ץʯǰʼ߶ӡâӡ֮ͷţٰʯ


2433 ֻ̫ؾ
ʯζ΢ǿһЩұʯʯ绯ѾãӡһЩʯ롣
ˣӡαʯĳЩƣϵҲܳûںϣ
ѪѪ𣬼ӡαʯû
Ǻεȱӡϵ
ȴ֮࣬Խӿ졣
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ڣαʯһαʯһ롣
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ʯ𽥻ָѪɫȻʯѾ֮ǰһ·Ѫ̶ɵࡣ
ȷ鱦ʯĳǿ֮Ȼ̺ǿǰӴ
౦ʯҲʼӡȻ࣬ζڿʼں౦ʯ
ȻԣαʯܿǷǡ֮Ĵڣ˲Ϊ·ǿ߻÷ô󣿡
ֻһԭ򣬵õ౦ʯǿߣҲһ޷ںҲиǿоûܳɹ
καﲻһ޷ںϣ޷ʹãͱ缦һղűǿ߷·֮УҲһû𺣴鱦ʯҲ·Ե˵õ
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౦ʯΧӰʵһЩԿӦһ곤ʿ忴ò
׼౦ʯӡһΣںϡ
ְʯӰȻʼӡٶȺܿ죬ޣһЩϢۼԿȷڽӡ
·
ܣôãûҲԴʶ۵ǣҲδӵ棬۵ʶ
ЩӡǣĪһֹһͨ
漯оӰӡۼҪȻ
޷пʲôӰӡٶȡۼ̫ޡ
ֻܴ߶СǧԣҲӳ֣һЩջ񡭡
ĿǰֻһӿУСǧ
Ҳĵơ
ಣ
ĵ¼ӳ֮ϣȻϵӰ״̬ӡٶȾȻ
汣״̬ȻӰӡĺۼΪһģҽӡ켣Ҳȷһš
УĵǴУȻ۵ǣ۵ںôãҲδֻ۵ǵõķ֡
ջջ
˵УȻ۵ǸܹУȴû౦ʯ𺳡
ĵУ
ùĵ¿ӡӰӡ켣Щģһ¡
ãƣ쳣
벻߶ںǣӳֶԸǿĸΪ
˿ջҲǾ޴ġ
´ʱĽһ룬ɹ౦ʯ֮УõһţҲֵõġ
ǣҳܡ
һʬ壬˲ιֵҩ
ָͬʱȲоġ
֮п̫ۣռԼɣپг֮ȿ֡
ֻ̫ؾ


2434 ̫
ľͽܺΪֻ̫ؾ
ãһ澪°͡
֮нܣֻ̫ؾȻԶʥ
캧ˣԶʥˣô֤Զʥ˵Ĵ˵ʵģʥдڹģ
Ϊ˼
ɽ֮Уʥ˵Ĵ˵̫̫࣬ÿ˶ŹԶʥ˸ִ˵
һ˵ӡ
Ȼɽǿ֮Уܼӡˣ֮٣ֻɽ֮գǵõӡҲĴڣҲһֱãʥֻǴڴ˵֮С
Ͼ˭ȥԶŵĴ˵ʥǿصľǿߣ
һ̣ŴǵõĴУЩ֮ҵֻ̫ؾһв͸պã֤ʥ˴õ֤ݣ
û뵽˵ģȻģֻ̫ؾʥˣȻǵɽ֮УΪǿĪĹ
ʧĶ
֮УһʼȴǹǶ˵Ľܡ
Ӧ֮ǰ֪䣬γɵǣ㽫Լʶӡ֮Уú˿ԴеõĴУ
Žġ
ԭˣС̫𡯡
ĽܣȻһͷԶʱڣһͷϹԳ
̫һͷԳ֮ǰնɱԳ٣Ӧͬһ塭
뵽Գɱидܻ࣬ΪǵĲڣȻ̫ȣԳ屾鳤࣬û뵽һԳֻ̫ؾ
ġ
̫֮м¹Զһͷ֮еԳ磬õ֮Ϊһһλǿ㻯壬֮;
λ㻯Գǿߣ˻ʣҲԶʥ֮һ˻ʡ
Գõ˻ʵ㻯УճΪ̫ҲΪ˻ʵӣϧϹŴս֮ڣ̫䡣
֮ʱۣΪƣӡ֮Уϣܵõֻ̫ؾ֮˻֮;
̫⽻ֻ̫ؾе˽ƪ
ֻ̫ؾһƪΪ˽ƪؽƪƪ
󹦷ֱ˻ƿ˽ƪƿصؽƪƪ
̫ģ˽ƪһ֡
֮һ֣Ϊ˻ʵ㻯ֻǴһ˽ƪֻ̫ؾ̫ǿ󣬺˻ҲѾ䣬˽ƪֻ̫ؾ̫ģҲֻһ֡
̫ر𽻴ĵ֮ĥ̫࣬˽ƪֻ̫ؾԵߵõһҪȥѰ˽ƪЩѾ֮£Ϊ
֮رҵ󲿷˽ƪܵõԶʥˣ˻ʵУ
ܳΪף
û뵽ֻ̫ؾʥˣ˲Ϊ֪ܣҲõǣûطӳںҲ޷֪仹ܣ
Ȼҵõֻ̫ؾȻĳϵ˻ʣǿǿصܵõĴУȻأ
ֲӡΪϵԭʥйأ֮䣬Ϣ̲أ
ĿǰЩϢ̫֮ǰµǣӡһйܣҪʥйصˣܵõݵǣҲɸպýͣΪ·ǿߵõǣȴ޷ں
Ϊ̺ʥйص󲿷˶޷ںҿԣҪΪӵӡûҲ޷ںϣõ̫봫У
뵽лȻʡ
Ҳϸ˼֣
ԭνĵǣνĵУ˶Եõ
ҪˣҲҪǷʸ
ǿƼ򵥣κ˵õҲںϣֻܷܶҵУֲݵǸо۵ǻʥĴڣ
ãżġ
ҲĲУֻ̫ؾ˽ƪ
ֻ̫ؾ˽ƪκһģԱμס
ȼסһУҲ͵ȫõڲĹС
̫Եҵںϣݵǣҵٶȣʵֽһ߶ȣ
סֻ̫ؾ˽ƪû̫ġ
Ǵ֮Уӡһ𵤾ںϡ

濪ʼоֻ̫ؾ
һģȸоϤָо
˽ƪз֣ʽڷĹƣڲְϡһʽ
ǰ˽ƪԣһСɣʿڵ˲أΪһͨ磬
գʿ˲ؿһɽںϣɽ绯Ϊǿߵ˲ء
ֻ̫ؾ˲һʱںϣʱնΪ˲ؿռ䡣
ǺεȵĹ


2435 ֻ
һ£ֻ̫ؾ˽ƪ֮󣬾˲컯ɽںϣɽΪҵ˲أ˲ؾһʵӴ磡
컯һһľһɽһӣΪã֣ƿǬ˭ҵĶ֣
˽ƪ£Ȼ˲أʱںϣʱԽ컯ɽ磬컯ɽҲʱ֮У
˲һʱںϣȻҲܽʱ֮еɽ磬һΪ˲ؿռ䣡
ֻ̫ؾ˲˼飬ֱҼκιȻ־Ҳڶ޷־дǧʱСǧһƱȲֻ̫ؾҲ
ں޲ֻ̫ؾ
˭ʥ˹ǵһ
֮лܣ˽ƪֻдӷ˿ʼʿ˽ƪھ幦
˵ֻз˿
Ȼ˽ƪģҲôӷɽˣҲǷߡ
˽ƪǷؽƪôƪܾǴ֮ƪ
һ裬뵽Ǹǿߣأ
ԭĴڣҳ塢塣
ֻ̫ؾԿƪԽؽס˽ƪȻҲ塢壡
ϧ˽ƪģڵؽƪƪûжĽܣҲ̫йϵõ˻ʵ㻯Ҳֻǵõһ˽ƪֻ̫ؾҲǶ˽⣡
֮ǷߣҲ壬ӷΪˣʸ˽ƪĪ·õ̫ǵǿߣ壿ؽƪǾ޷⿪˽ƪ
뷨
Ͼֻ̫ؾԼʥ˵Ĵ˵̫𺳡
һʱ޷
̫ǣܣؾֻ̫ؾ˽ƪǱҲ۵ں֮ܵõصĵ֪̫࣬ںϣε
һ㣬֮ǰںԳڶ֮ҲԳ壬̫ЩѪ֪ҵõ̫ûа
뵽һ㣬ں̫ǣǲ֮ǰõԳһЩ
ˣ
̫ǲ֪ڵ֮Уںһʱ䡣
ʱȻһǿҶ
һ̫ĵǣΧǵӰѾΪһԳˣ֮ǰȻͬ
ǡ
⣬ϲǣ֮ǰΪԳԳƵľ
ЩԳҲγԳ̬û뵽һ̣ڴ󲿷ԳΪһԳͳͳ̫Χ·Գ̫𳼷
ҲŸոսԳ̫ϵһû뵽߹Ȼô죬֮У໥Ӧϲ
һ֮ǰһںԳԳҲһ֡
ʱӵԳܸȥں̫ĵǣΪĵ֮УҲȻ̺һЩԳ
֮䣬·ⴴ죬ðգնɱԳȻһж֮д
֮ǰõԳԳں̫ǣѵһжżȻ
뵽ڷ֮УżȻõӡµõΪ죬õֻ̫ؾ
һûйϵϸȥ־öϵ
ˣ
̫ǲھںϣΧԳʼ׳γɸԳ
һ̿ʼͲԳԳ̫Ĳ
̫𡭡
ΧԳ֮ǰնɱԳĸΪ𺳡
ֻоһ̣̫ںΪһ¯
ˣֻ̫ؾȻʥˣӡҲʥˣֻܷ̫ؾֻ̫֮ؾںӡ
ðЩ뷨
ӡΪֻա
һںӡܳΪɽ֮
ھɽʱЩӦӡϢ
ʴһжǴ˵һӡܳΪһɽ
Ҫֻ̫ؾͱ뻨˼˽ƪúо־Ѫħ컯Сǧȹںϡ
գۼȥȻڼδ棬ҲڸںԼķ
ʱ֮УԼȻ£֮лΪһƬС
֮ǰ֮ܿУֱʲô£Գ򽡢ħ
Ȼʽʼֻ̫ؾ˽ƪصģ֮ǰӵ֮Уӡ̫ӡ
һн֮󣬵ȫֻ̫ؾת֮󣬽Ȼ֮ںһҲֻһִںϣڻ
ֻ
Ҳʥ˵ֻӡ̫ںϡ
ֻ̫ؾʥ˹ոУڤڤ֮УΪһ¯


2436 ֻص
ںֻ֮Ȼռݴ󲿷֣ƴʱŸտʼֻ̫ؾ֮Ҳ᳹׻Ϊֻһ֣
΢΢ףΪֻ̫ؾǵһԭһԪһ·һֻܵƣ
̫ԽҪõ˽ƪȥѰƪѰң¹һ磬Ҳ
ˣ磿˽ƪ
˼ţȻĶһ
һͻȻζȫ泩
ѵз繦κηߡ˽ƪ˻ʡʥˣӦǷֱ塢塢壬Ȼһйֻ̫ؾ˽ƪ
ϲüңоһ̵ġ
뵱껹Ƿˣһܷɡ
ʱ๦ܷɣҲǿľ衣
Щ˽ƪһ֣
ԣֻ̫ؾ治ʥ޹ܸټ磬塢塢ڽʥ˵ĴС
ΪУ
֮еĵУ
ϴ衢
ֻǴӷ֮Уõ
ʵԲĴУʥһء
氵꣺ֻ̫ؾȻܣһжҵĲ룬ֻгΪٲǿȥӵֻ̫֪̫ؾܣ
ʱ䲻ƣһ˼˼ͶУһЩĲںϡ
ʱ˽ƪ֮һϴ̫ӡϣҪܶ꣬ںϡ
ֻص
һЩıںϣһЩ֮У˽ƪһЩĽܡ
ļ¼ֻص
ֻ̫ؾ֮֮Уγһƹְڡ
˵ֻصһγɣֻ̫ؾţΪֻ̫ؾˡ
Ҳʥ˴ߣ
˽ܣֻ̫ؾγֻصֻмһ֣ܵõ
ĽҲǷǳƾ̫𣬶ֻصҲǷǳ˽⡣
ܴ̫֮УٻܷһЩҪΪʥ˴ߣӵֻص
ڽ𵤽ԻΪһƬֻ״̬ǿֻ󲿷ֻΪںϣڿɲʲôħһнԳΪֻ
ȻֻγɣҾһԣֻܲԦӡ
ͷһЩѹ
ӡǸӵУõ޷
ֻ̫ؾǴʱΨһϣֻ̫ؾУֻеʵﵽɽ綥߶ȣпܡ
ӡƣֻӿȻʱֻδš
׾޵ֻֻ̫ؾ˶
Ȼ벻ǣֻոմӡǰ޷ܵĴڣȻֻ͸ʯ֮¡
ˣ
ЩЦã
ڴ飬ϣֻںӡûףŵõֻã
û뵽ոսֻӡֻС
Ͽɡ
ˣ
ӡֻ仯
ݲ淴Ӧӡ֮УӿһֻعϢ
Ϣâԣоһϼ⣡
ڵϼѾΧ
ӡǵһͷоڲӵһΰ
û뵽øոֻںӡ˾˵Ч
ô£
뿴ӡϼû뵽ﺣԽΪ룬ڽΧγɾŵ޵ϼ⣬һȦȦΧס
ѵѵֻصžŵϼγɣְĴڣЩš
֮ǰڴֻص֣û뵽ֻӡںϣ·ĳı仯
ףڵγֵ
ʱЩС¹ײΪӣ֪Ǹˣǵǣ̫˽ƪм¼ֻ̫ؾӵֻصؼôͻȻˣҲ˽ƪδţӵֻص
ֻصףԽܡ
ĪǼٵĲɣ
˽ƪģΧ־ŵְ󣬾ֻصüȻ벻
û뵽ܵõʥ˵
ȻĤ֮µսף
ʱ֮УΪͻʶ·ץףҲֻ֪̫ؾ
ȻҵȻ֪Ϊʥ˵Ĵڣ˵ʥսסӡǼֻ̫ؾʥ˴еרʺĹ
ԭˣȻӡҲʥˣôҴӷ翪ʼӡǣھѾӵֻ̫ؾйصҲſʼֻ̫ؾڲںϣγֻص·򣬾ϡ


2437 
ֻصʥ˵õ̫ǣ˻ʴ£һǿߣȻõ˻ʴ˵㻯
Ҳ֪̫𣿡
ǣǰȻ֪ʱΪǿ󣬻վ۷ǿߣ̫һˣδȴĴڣҶֻ̫ؾ˽⣬Ҳô࣬Ͼӡǲֻ̫ؾ֮ӵֻصζӵʥ˵ԽɽˣСãδ˵õʥУ
˵꣬޵ʧս
û뵽ڣӵʥһ̣ʶΪֻ̫ؾֻص
ʱӡֻӵ֮΢΢ӿֻصںϡ
ֻصǳޣ漯оܿѰʶһɨ޷ֻص
ζſʼֻ̫ؾ಻֮
𵤡Լȫ٣һΪֻʱʵӦɻ۷塣
ʮ꣬ʵ˸߶ȣ
Ȼӡֻ̫ؾ̫Īϵ
꣡
̫ԽںϣԽ͸һɴŻ澫ֻ̺
ɻ澫Ѫöɲһֲ߶ȡ
ͻɻֻǳ¡
ࡢͨ½껡һһϡ
˶һЩջ񣬵δõ͡
ʱԵʣҲ޷ȥӡ۵ǡ̫ǽֻ֮Уȫ뷨ںϡ
ٶ·Ӷֻܻرܡ
ӣ
һ¶ǰպɱʮǿߡ
Щ׷ɱһһŮ·֮Уϡƽ
ֻ޶ã鷳ɵĶߣǰΪܳĴ
ͣ²ⱻһһŮϢ¶֮ɫ
ͬʱڵﴫһͷŲ鿴۵ͷϢڽ֮Եøڲͬ
۵һϢ
ɫһͣȻΧ֣׼
ãͷûйԭ
ʮǿ˶ڣл˵õ˲佫أ̡Ӣܣͣ
һһŮԴƣס֮󣬱ƴһ
ಣ
˫֣˲ٷӶ
ʮǿ֮Уһӣ˾һ׻Եõһ
ɨˣĮȻȵҲ֣ͣ
зѩӡһǿ߾ȴȻ
ӰԵʮ㣬ȫĮӼˣȰĪ֣·ǷѩҪͣԼȥȡҷѩҲܲ½̵£
½̣
ȺĪ
汻һĿѹݲȣ뱻ΧסŮӡ
ƺʶŮһ㡣
ŮҲ쳣Ҳ֮ǰΪһ˰·ɱɱԽĿƺ⣬ĿģΪ͡
ʱŮӾȻȻλʦ㣬ȵ̣ȥŰݷãҽУõŴϡʦָ㣬ϣʦԮʦøм
ĪżȻ·Ҳϵ
˽¶⣬Ȼδϵ̣ѩйϵ
Ȼ½֮УҲܴԷѩΪ˽⡣
Ӽ˲δȥ˲̣ĪǷѩҪάȵӣ½̣
½ǿ߻ۣЦĸΪɣ˵ˣǽȶˣ
֪½̵һȺɢްˣһѩӣ½̿⣬Ҳȥſʲôˣ
ſ񣿡
һԷԱݣһ𺳡
ͨЦеĵĪǺܲ
ܵſ˶֪ǿߣͬµ½һϵǳҲһ·ٰ죬Էǳ
ſ۷·𽽹ɣ͸ŷеâ֪½̣֪ſǱãȥҲΪɱǣ˷ʱ䣡
ֿλӣҲ֪㣬֪λ̨ΪӢܣҲǵɢһʵǳ
̱ӵͷ
û˷ʱ䣬ɱſͻȻţ졣
ʮ˲̡Ӣɱͨ
ݣ
ʱɽӰɱɱһͨջ顣
ǰﶨˣԭȻϼɽ
ѩӣ첻Ҫɱ㣬Ҫǲζ
ſŭȣޱȡ
¼˶Ը̡Ӣܣɱ桢Ȼ

׳һ˸ͱըþźˣм˶մȾһħ
֣
ͨࡢߡ½Ҳһ̣ɱͨɱ


2438 Ƶ
ɱֻ۵һը½һǿߣ綾һɱ
½̼һ棬ͳ˴𺳿һڿڷɱȺ˾˶зʲôˣ
ԭŷŸ½ԣеÿ˲·õ½ǿƿأҲΪ⡣
֮ǰںˣϾ½ǿߣʱֶз½˲֪˶֡
䣡
˫ɱֶΣը
ӢܱſżΧҲ޷ӳȥʱΣա
Ӧ֮ǰ;Ѫս̫ء
ⷽǿɱ½껣ÿ˶зڽ棬ǿ½̡
½һǾɻʣΪߣʵǿ󣬿ϧûзֱ֮綾סܵһʱ䴦ơ
˼һĻȻ𺳣Ϊ½̿ǵ½Ȼûкùӳԡ
֮ⷽǰ͵Ǭţѵ½̱ǬŸ
½ǿ߱ѹƣ˱һնɱ
ಣ
桢ǿƴӼѹƵ½ǿϿշɹֱſ⼸½ǿߡ
ʱ氵д̣ŮͷŵоǳϤ
оϲѣȻ۵йصǸʹùԼϢ۵ƣӦһĺᣬһ࣬ǹŴһ
ԭ·֮УһĴߣŲϧ½̣Ӵһ˵ͬڡ
ͬˣȻҪȣ
Сӣ֪ſУҾԳ֣Ŀſ޵졣
ӿٶȣſ񣺡һսǵɻ۷ǿߣնɱ㣬㲻·һˣ
ſ񣿺Ϥ
Է󣬳ԾࣺǰãɹϵɽǸ࣬ǰ;ޣȣ½̣ˣǰ;ޣαѰ
Ȼֻ֪ǿһսб׻壬ɽʤ֮䣡
˱սʤңĿһ衣
֪֮еˣ޷սʤȻȥܣſȴԻܣ
սɣһƣ
ſΪԴӡһɱһӡһײ
վڵɻӪһǿߣӡѹһ̤ɽϣһն
䣡
ײ
Գ½Ĵǰ
Χ̡Ӣܣ˶ʵҲȥ
½̹ȻǵһӶ
ɻʣ֪ߵغһ㣡һ֣Χɱ̡
ɱ˳һƴŴݿҪ顣
ݣ
ָһɽ·Խɱ
䣡
һˣǿƴӡӡ顣
ʵҲôɱУ˱ˣɽصǰǰǲƬ׹䡣

̡ӢܻΪֻǸͨλɻʣ֪ʵܽɻͨһն顣
ɻ൱
ͨ
ߣеֶΣ½̸ҲľͷͻȻֻعɱӡ
ӡ˷ɱ޴ڡ
ʵֱڵɽ˲ɱ࣬һընҲ࣬һ顣
ɽʸٶ޼᲻ݣΧѹĿֲӡһ顣
ԵӡһȻˡ
ɼ½ЩɻʵӣʵԲ
ûɽҪӦΪ鷳
ɽ޼᲻ݣκӡԱһ̴
ȿȣ
ʮϣ½̸ļΪأ̲סԣ
䣡
ûֱնԷ
ǿ߼æΪڣ
ȻɽԽٶȸ죬ڴ˾ڸոγɣͱֱɡ
Ѫ
̤âŽٴᣬ֮У֮Լɽ׷𿪡
ɽٴɱǿߣ
ƴˣԷˣ潫ԼУ⣬·ڶý֮
򣡡
ȻǿҪнɱһ
ȻͻȻЦЦ
ǿ߽ӡϾâϱͻȻһĻ֡
ǿоâơ·ſ̡
ɱͬʱǿֻܸɰͰ͵ɴӣ濿
ۣ
ɽɱУԷͷն¡
һʬˣ֮иĴɡ
˲ɱɻʵʵˡΧɱӢĿɱḶ́Ϊ𺳡
Ϊʦܱ𣡣
½ʣ֣ҲûȥԸ̡Ӣ˼ͬ鱻ɱֻΪͬű
ɱһˣ˼Ҿ棬Ҳʵﵽεȸ߶ȣ̡ӢܲҲ档


2439 ½̵ŭ
ɵҩֿӢܣʦ֣ʶΪβϧ½̣ҲҪסһ֮
Ӣ룺Ҳ²ԷѩλʦΪף䲻֪λʦ˭Ӧ֪ѩйϵȻ

ͨһͨΧɱâҲΧɱ֮
߶ɽͨһһնǡ
֮ǰҵʵھɻŸ߶ȣں̫ǣӵֻֻ̫ؾʵ̤۷壬ʵɻΣ
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2442 ͻɻ
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2443 ֮еĽ
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2445 ֹѪ
ǵ·֮Уǿ֮һ˻Ҳ޷ƣ
ɽǬţ֮⣬ɻ֮ΪǿĴǬͨĪ⣬һǶ֣
ܵ¼¼·սǬŸֳɽʵ˵ܻܶɽ
ûʵܱˣⳡսȷǿߣսЩǿǰ㾫ʣ

ǧ˾ۼΧ
ԭ⴦ɵʺһխսǧ˹սĶߣҪԽ⴦ɵҲܡ
һЩ˱ս

ȴ⣡
á
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ʺɵȺΧһЩͻȻɧ
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ٶ߼һϽõ
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ֹѪ½Ƭ̣һֱע档


2446 ǿĶɽ
䣡
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汻룬ʩչһɽԽ𣬵Ҳ׷ɱһͨɻʡ
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ɽһɽӡ𲻶޲ۡ


2447 ܷסڶ
˽ӡٶȣֻǬ¯ƣϷȥе棬Ҳֻ·һ
Ӧúܿɽ
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ģҼ˲ףɱٺ٣һͨԵһҲġ
ӢһҡҡͷʱɲǴʱ򣡡
ʱ߳һַıǣһɽȻǶҪɱֵܣȻ
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˷·棬һɤۡ
ɽʱץɽٴεսӡԷհ˷Ľɽڶն¡
ݣ
ɽΧϿգһſ


2448 ˵ֻɽ
վ·ӿʼһ̣δֹκλ쳣ɫ·һʼĻܶɽ
䣡
սԵɱɽ
ɽ֮ʣԷɽŽһɱɽ֮ϡ

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ǧӢңХɽɱң

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ģҲᣡͻȻӡһǬ¯γ֮ɽײȥ
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·ƶԶɽǿߣųé®Զɽǳ꣬Ҫɱ档
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ֻܴ߶ɽǿɱڶڡڡĿɽնɽĿɽɱһ֣ɽѱѪ
ɽ
ˡ


2449 նɽϣ
ǿ߲˫ۣ޷Լġ
ݣ
ĿɽڶֹƣȻһնȥ
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ǵǿƵķɽΪǬžδĵӣһе֧֣ϲеƵķ
·ûй涨ʹ÷ɽ˵ƣƿԷΪʤ


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2452 ·ľͷ
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ʮȥһţϷΧ̨ǿ߹ע


2453 ǿ߽
ڴ£ʮ˷֮Уʮ˷ţһһ̤һС綷߶ܿ
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ԭֵܣ⣬һԱλ֣һ
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׺Ӧ뵽һĻǧǰؼǵʱ׷ɱħ벻»ǵã
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Χ˽ԿˣΪ붭ɽһǿߣ
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2454 ޵Ů
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ΪθоŮϣһѩƵϢѵǷѩǿߣҵĴ

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2455 ټ
ӦòǴϾǿ޴ʯϢںϽӡʯ̫ˡ
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Ӧһռ䣬ǿʯϹŲ˼֮ǰõǿʯһôܱӡںϣ޲ӡʯһϧղָоͻȻͲˣ޷øϢϣδпܣ·֮У
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֪ΪΣռ֮еѩŮӣ·ʶϤζֵĸоԽĥԽǲðֻܷ
ϵܣ㿴ǲ࿿棬ͨɵ

ɲǼԺ֮Уûйڴӡ
Ȼͨɵһˣ˭
Աڤɽ磬ǼײսԪ±Ԫɱʱˡ
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ãʮ˷С
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ͻȻҲʾ߰ɣ
Ҫ·Ĵ
˶ͨɵȥ;֮У˽ϳࡢ棬Ҳϳ̡Ӣܡ
ͨɵǰʮͨɵȴ
һƳΧ߽Ƕɽʵ
ְȻӣȺ򣬵ʱϣ
ıǣû⣡Ȼͷ
𺳵ϷЩͷ
̧ͷͨɵϷ֮ң޽֮⣬һƶƯ磬ǧɽ˷ľͷҲƯ
ǹƼҸ֣߼æһָ
һƮܿƶסƳɽˡ
´磡
ͬʱԶǿ֮Уޱ˵
ɳ²ڣƿ߳ҲԱߡ
²ڡƿ߳ƺҲע⵽棬һϴЦݣ޷˵Ҳ޷Ԫ
½ͻȻѹɱҸоһɱ⣬֣㿴һ˾ǬŸ֣
Ǭţ
½ʾ⣬ȻǬʮ֣Ԧͨɵ
㿴Ǹ޼ǬĶӣԱ߾Ǭ˶֪ľף½껴żɵܡ
Ǭ
޼
Ըǿ⡢ʵΪǿ
½껷ŭ֮Уε񣺡޼ᣬȴһ·֮УΪ֮һ̤磬ȥɽ磬ԴɽΪ׵һԴɽͶ޼Ǭţ
ߴŲмֺ뻪һĴڣ
޼뻪۶ǵ񶥼ţֻ޼Ȼʮ꣬һˣŻ۲޼·֮Ҳ̤
ɱǬŲƽ޼йأҪ뿪컯ɽ綼ѣ
ǬκεӶܰԵ޼ΪĺǬּΪֵ̣ܣһ·õһʱ뿪컯ɽ磡
Ӣܺѣ
˺ȻףҲ˽ǬſϲŹԼ
Ȼʱ㿴޼ҲˣǶɽʦκʦ
ˣ
Ŀ޼Ųһ۱һѮ¿ۡͷߵİĿ⡣
κʦ
¸޴޷˵󷨣Ҳܸܵκʦעһֱϡ
ǶɱԼΪɽ
һֿ̣컯һЩǿߡ
컯Ǭ֮䣬ƯһӲӵĹޱʥͷҫԡ
ڽǰˣһˣһֱͫϣ𺳡
濴Ȼӣʶǽ֮Уʿ֮Уλ۽ʿüһɫƣ
Ȼ𹬣ͻȻɫһͣҲǿߡ
ԣ壡Ȼ֪
˵ɽ磬һ棬һ·棬Ҳμ·ǼɺͻȻ·֮УΪ޼һΪɫ֮һ֪нأ壬Ǵ֮У壡
ǣǸأ
ѵʶ
Ȼһ̾¶ŵ
汻⸱飬һͷˮѵҲʶ
Ƿɽǧ꣬㲻Ӧʶأ壬һ·֮Уݣ·ǿߣ˭֪Ժ󣬽زɽ粻ΣÿһζǽǬš컯Щ㿴Χǧɽ綥ɻʣ֪صָǴӣ˲֪


2456 
Ҳǧ꣬ʱˣ޷߰Ҹо˷·ӦΪϾף
ԭˣȻ˴ɽ磬Ҳȥߴˣ
ĪˣҲ޷ߴأ
һƽƽĻȴȻ仰ĳЩܡ
ȻͷߴϹŴؾ塢ǿĴڣҲÿһռ䣬ȷɽΪ˽⣡
ء
ƽ⣬ٴμء
Ҳδǣַ֪ս
ȴں·Ҳʸս
·ҲܸŴ󿴳ǵ磬ɻʡ
սأ
Ǿ
ȷЩɣǷ߲壬սĵģȴɡз·һֹͣ
֪ܸܲŴ֮пڴʱȴٴսΪĿꡣ
ֵǣһǿսΧֻмٶߡ
ͻȻ»Ȼڿնȥ
ಣ
Χ𽥷ߣ
ͨɵأÿεʮһ顣
ǸǸոķߣ࣡
棡
֮ǰ໹֮£һȷǸ澹ܻܶɽ򵥰
ʵ̫ɻʣܴһ㣬漣

ÿһڷȥͨɵԱ·ǧ߹ע
Ȼ֪֮࣬Ҳ֪档
ɱ̫ˣǵõһǶɽһ¼¼񣬲ܱЩǿ߼ס
Ȼ֮У˭ȥͨߣ
棬˾Ȼ·֮УʵһΪβɽ磬СηţҲȫɱƺ«ҵģҲûΪ
߱Ե֮Уʮ˷ͨ򣬻̧ͷ¶ֵĿ⡣
Ŀߣޱȶ
ɽ罣ǿߣ
ȴͨɵΪҪʮ㣬δϵ֮Ըš׽ţͻȻִһɱͷ¡
ʱм
ԭż֣ΪǺУ
ۺ죬ֲС
Ȼ棬Ȼҵһͨɵ
ǿߣԳɹ·
ǿȻǺǰ޵
ΪֵܲԤϣ¼һҲüͣϢһ󣬴ͨɵ
ɻʴɵҵȻ𣿡һνżǰ
ֲϤϢԭУҪŸ֡
ڿնңɵ֮УҲֻͨɵΧʿա
ԽͨɵͷŸӦ浹ⷢСϢ
ʮŲͨɵ
Χ˷ĺ
ͨɵԽԽƽͬ·ľͷľͷ
ʮ·˶ֹͣ
磬̨
ǧͷƿظƶͨɵ
κϣǾ棬ɱҵŵӣ
Ǭʮ֮УǬΪϷ
޼һߣʵ
κʦʾ⣬ž⣺棬൱棬ɱɽ
޼·ͷκϰţնͥӻͥҲܷŹ
죬նɱӣƺ«׸ӣһߵ޼ǰҲǿͿ
컯ⷽ
࣬ǵ
ϰˣϾΪ컯ţһǿɽ磬ɳǿ߾ӶҲǺ¡
죬ʮ֮Укüߣܿ˭Ϊ
컯֮Уһӣʮ꣬Ƿ绪ï䡣
һ˫ǳͫ⸩ͨɵԱһλ
֮ȻƽһӶɼǸɻʣǬŹһܳɻʣ·֮У̶̲꣬ͻɻʣҿͬһ㣡
ǸɵأĿ¶͡
֮ǰǸ죬ʵһЩδɾͣҲôҲɵӣӹˣʱȻһˣǲٷǿ߾ۼա
֮һЦĪȥɣȲʵҪŷȣ
ǲСߡ
ջʵ̫ʯ·вã춯ǲ˵һ·֮Уһ˵
ҡͷΪʦʱǬʱ͸ȥ̫ʯȷ춯ûҳԭʲô
Ϊ֮һ׵ʦϴεҲñ֮еǿʯһЩԶԣ˵õӽȥ·ҲҲ̫ʯ춯
죬ĿǰУ㿴ֽ٣Ϊƿ·ҲΪ̫ʯ춯ĪҪͷ񡣡߶


2457 
Ҿ֪Ϊ̫ʯ壬ҪоʯȥߴѰ
갵п򸽽ǿߣ֮͸
죿
컯šǬŵ롣
֮ǰΪ֣ؿƶһвں
֮ǰ컯Ŷɫ΢δӹ˸Ӧ
صһЦһ·гԿ֮ɽңǺǣ֪ߵغѵףֻ棿
졢޼ЩΪܳҵڴ·Ǹ棡
üӡصƣصĿ⣬·Խ࣬˲俴͸ͨɵ
ֻ𽥿ͨɵ棺ôϣ˵ĸоʱҲû̫⣬û뵽ǧ󣬾Ȼɳ˳̶ȣ졢޼ΪǷߣҵҪ߶ԶϧˣǷݡ

ͨɵ
ʮɣ
ͨɵ羡ͷ֮ţʮĲ
ˣ˭Ҳ֪һ㾿οֲĿǴһ㣬ȿͨɵ䲻ʱڶ֮ǰǣ
Ͻ֮ţѽǰ
һ̴ͨࡢ½껡̡Ӣܡߴ
Ͼûͨɵ֪пֲֲεȸ߶ȣȴûеס
˲ͬһطҲһġ
ಣ
˹ע£ʮһͬŽ硣
ɲǣʮ˴㼯ɵĽ磬ʱ翴֮У·ûоͷҲͨɵ񱻴ӡ
ʮ˿磬֮ˣȴܿʮ˷·ʯһ㣬ڴ֮вǰ
ƺΣա
ȴһӣû˸̤ڶ
̲㺹΢΢һЩ
Ȼո˵꣬Ҳû֮ǰǰţӿһѹ
ǿнʮǰ֮С
ݣ
ʱΪʸʮǱƳǰ޴ƽޱ߷ļʸ
ÿŵüæɱͨǷ
飡
һֻֻʸͨ÷顣
һӣӢܶԼð亹ƺһһƲֹͣһģֻǿǰȥ
ԣԴУ໥Ӧ
˭£żʸַһǰС
ڳʮ˶ԣʸ̫ǿֻܷǿ
֮߳ļΪˣڿڽγɵŻȥ
ղ㣬ʮһţһͷѡ
Σ״̬ˡ
ͨΪΪһˣȻǸϤЦĴڶ㣡
Ҳ⣡Ҳͷ
Ȼˣһδɿһɺ֮ǿдӺӿӿڶš
ڶ㣬˾飬Ͻȥ
ȻֲϤ򣬴ӵڶ֮Уޱ޾ӿѹһ飬ٲά裬ڶ
ֻܽʵ۷壬ڶ
ڶռ䲻һӵпֲ󷨹ƣֲѹ޴ڣÿ˷·ھͷѹ£һǰ
óɹڶ㣬Ͻɵҩʮǿб㡣
ΪʲôͬڶһȻޱѹֻǱȵڶְԵһЩ
ְ㣬ʮֳɹ߳㣬֮Уһ˹ϷҲһŻȥʧ
ʣ¾ˣոϢϢٴα֮Ĳռ䡣
ռڲһǿֲΪҧÿֻͷһ̤
һ룬˲ŴĲ㣬һû˷ҵν㣬ʱøֲ
¡¡
ÿͷǰͷų飬һǰţӿ飬ġ
ۣ
ѿڽ֮ţ֮һѹòѪ޷֡
û뵽ջǼס߳㣬ոճ͹Ϸһȥ
Ҫ㣬ˣȻ޷֡
Ľһ룬ֻҪ㣬ϸ񣡡ҧ
䣡
˱ǿоռ䣬һ㲻Ȼǿֲѹͷǿӣÿ˱ѹγһ乭
֮һϣѹð͸
ಣ
󣬰˼ס뿪㣡
λݱˣ֮һˣǱȭ뿪
ˣҲðգζܣµ߲ΪֲȳȥʱͨȭЦǺ˵꣬תȥĽʧ
߿˿ͨʵԴ߲㡭
䣡
˱һ߲Ž֮С
һΣӵпֲҾݡŴѹˣûĽһ㣬ɱԺ

ۣ
߸߳ԺͻȻըһЩԪƬ
͵Ѫ
˵û£ȣס߲ԪΪͷԪƵĴǿ־Ԫʱ򣡡
ߵͷǰš
˴ʱ·ŷ籩һ߲


2458 ٴ¼ϣ
綷߿ˣƺֻ·Щ֪߲Ŀֲ
˶ԣҲûܵԺ֮У񿴵һУΪĽһһƣһϹͨԪɱԪ
ʱ̽ԪΣա
ޱȣ
߲㿪ǶԪеĿ飬ϣǿԿס
ͨɵ⣡
ǿУȺ֮У˫߬Զ߲ռڵˣĶ亹
ҲĬĬעţ
ڣ
ԪȻ޷ҵԪ󣡡
˽ͷͨԪ񣬻ΪԪâͷ˳ԪɱĽ
ƶԪԵ飬ͨԪ񲻹ǿ̼䣬Ԫһʯڽӡ֮±
ֻΪӡץԪ˿Ʋδ빥֮УԪ֮ڣȴɱذ
ಣ
һʱ࣬Ҳǰӡ
̴ӵ߲㴳ΧԪ顣
һ͵ĵԪٹλ
ߣ
ԪոһЩβǿд߶˵ɴӣһڰ˲
һһЩԪ񲻹̣ᵱ飡
̨⣡
֮Уƿ߳²ڣ൹û⣬ϾɻʣʵоɻʣԪֻ£
²ڷǳģԵЦΪߣһɽ磬ǧӵоɻʣ˽ΪԪƣߵһʵҲоɻʸ߶ȣ
ಣ
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˵ֻҪʮ㣬ֵһ¼¼
ĿԴ⾡ͷ֮У֤һ¼¼ɲ࣡
˲֪ǣͨɵǧߴʱڹעǷܼ
ȻҲ޷Ӵ֮Уǿһһ
ֻҪסһ󣬾ܳʮ㡣
һһ㡢ʮһʮĶߣڴ󲿷ֶ֮ϡ
ߣھŲΪδ̤ܷ񴳹ȥڵھŲǰߡ
Ǽ֮УΪƣˣǳǿھŲⲻ󣬵ʮӦòܡһüѪУסһأ
ӢܼΪɻʴھŲ㣬Ҳһ¼¼ûɻϰΪھŲ󣡡
ҾҪһԣ
߸˵꣬ҧھŲ㣡
ȻھŲԪֹˣΪ£ǰһУͨ󣬶ա
֮·ֱֱ˫ۣ˹ġԺ
˶һţٶҲ̫ΨһЩ
ԪԪΪͻ̬˹ƣȫΪһ֮ڿҪĿȨ
Ҫ֡˫ۿĶͻ
̨
⺢ӹƼ治ҪһϾƴҪھŲ㣡
ƶҡҡͷ֮޿κΡ
ԭо֮޽ɵΪ·;û뵽淢һδ⣬Ÿ棬Ҳɳ٣һܴھŲ㣡һ֣Ƴɽǳ϶

ͨɵڣھŲڣࡢ½껡̡Ӣܡ½
˼æ󷽣Ϣžϲһ죬ƴƵ֮һ
ˣ
Ϸͬ
¼¼ɻʾȻھŲ󣡡
ˣһ¼¼ܵ¼ĶߣõĽɲ
ͨɵ⣬ǧó񣬽Լ֤ߵ֣񣬻һ¼¼
ͬʱ
Ҳ¼¼ͬɻʣ˳ھŲ㣡
һ̫̬
ͬʱÿ˶ϣٴγ֡
ͨɵǷɵ̨Լ·ǣԼ̻ᣬֻҪע·ˣܴӶ񿴵ͬʱͷŴâ
ϲһ󲻷ӣ
̨Ͽգ
ٷǿߣͥʾףء
Щ˱Ժ󣬻ΪĶδᣬ׳һЩˣ
޼ŶĿ⼫䡣
˼ǿʼǱֹڴˣ
ǿ߽أ츩ͨɵĪڴЦݡ

ͨɵһǽ֮
£ϹΪâ۾Ϊǻƽ¡
Щâӵ浽֮ϣһߡ
ǽսͨɵɹĶߣҲǴ·Ĵ
ϴǲͬһ漣
ɸߵһ̽âϣ̵ͨ΢Цš
ΧЩߣڹעЩ˳ɹͨɵͨһ㻹㣬ǳɹߡ
ڰϷ
ϰˣ
ɽѪ£ޱֹС


2459 ٴ¼£
Щ˽ǶɻʣҲһ·ǿߣǴʮĲ㡢ʮľǿߡ
ڳɻţ໥֮ҲֻһɣǼԶǷ·̲޷ÿƷǳ硣
ֹȻ࣬һ̽ʯ֮ϵĺˣ죬ܴٲ㣿
ᳬɣһħƳӣħЫ
ѪĿħƳϣͼħ٣Īǵ࣬ԽʮĲ㲻ɣ
ͼħٲмѪ£ܸһϾ꣬Ŷꣿ
һϮµĺӣϢΧԲͬǵɽ֮УȻɻʵһˡ
죡
СֵܣҲͬǷߣܳԽңҸ˻Ϊ֮еĴ𶷰
Ҳ޷ͨɵڲǺֻܴӶֱ仯֪ڲ
һЩǿߣĬĬ
ʱһʯϣһ۵꣬ʮ꣬˻ƺȵҵϣЩǿߣ˵õʮǼ
̤ٵۣ
ֹѪ»죡
ֻͼħ٣Ա˵һ
ٵ˵Ǽϰٴʮ㣬޷õǼѵ˻ܳԽ
֮⣡
һ۵ĳӣ̤ٵۡ
켫Ϊˬ˾սҵԵ˵ʣЩɻͬҲûǸԵɣ
ʵ۸棡
̤ٵ۲ʮ꣬ЦϳɤѮߣ˾սŸոյ¼¼ķߣи棬·֮УǴһã·˵ǲǬһǿߵɽ磬Ƿˣžࡢ޷õǼ
̤ٵۣһΨ²ңࡢ涼նɱǬŵӣǹȻ˾սս𣿡ԶһﰺȻЦ
˵һ˸͡
̤ٵĮȻ˫ۣ˵ϣһб£۵ǽ֮ս
ǬȻǿҲ̫СǬţ
ʱΪǬɻʵһ˵˾սֳ죬Բ
·֮£Щ·ĶߣϷƺڽȴ˵ʲô

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ˣǼͣʮ޷ģ
Ϊֶ۷׷ס
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޷֣һѪͷȥ
ʣĿ죬ҧ촽ȡʮ㡢ʮһ㡢ʮ㡭
µȫԸҵǾɻʣЩͬΪкܴ࣡ལü·нߡ
ಣ
һһ̤ͬʮͨɵ
ʦ֣ҾҲʮ㣡
ͨɵ⣡
ȵİ޽ɣ뻹ǿھ۾עͨɵ
֮һԣİ޽ɣʵʮӦò⣬·֮УХѩնɱͥ󲿷ʧܶǿߣ֮еɾҷȣιкü˽̤ͨɵ
ֵܣͰ
һ
Ⱥ֮УۼźüŸ֣
ԺΪףиⵣͨɵ˵İΣ

ͨɵ
̤ʮ֮󣬾ܵӵɻʣֲֿѹȣ۾ģӦֵģܴв
ѹȣΧʱʱ̱̿ըоһ㡣
Ѫ֮·һ֮зգи壬Ժ֮й˹Ʋϡ
ࡢ桢½껡̡Ӣӿķ̹һͷţޱ
뼸̹ɱɱȥͷϼҫ۵â
ÿ֮з·Ŷӣ֮гѪһѪѣĿҲ綤˿

˾ǿƴʮ㣬κʧоϴǦڡ
Խʮ֮ͨɵ֮ǰֲ࡭
ܴһһ㣬Ϊʵûаȥǣܴʮ㣬Ҳûаһˣ
ʮ֮ӦһЩ֡
໥¶ڴɵ
ãֱϤ֮ʮһ㡣
ಣ
ڣһ۸оʮûʲôͬ
һпĶڱ仯Ҵ֮˹ס˴ҲԷ
⣬ڵʮһڣ޷ӦˣȻ⴦Գʮ㡭
㿴Χ½껡̡Ӣܡ˵Ӱӣһ˿ϢζҲ޷
˺ȥͬʱ֮С
ΪǾɻʣʵԳڣӦû⣬ҿõɻʣ̤󷨣ֲ
̤һ
ǰܿ󣬷·ڵߵһ㣬滹޷ӦǱԼͷڵϡ
ô£
ͻȻָоһ˫أָ糣
벻ףػغüΣֻäʱ֮ǰС
̣
ʲôҲûе󷨣ѰųڣȴһƷ͵Ĵһഫ


2460 

תʱ򣬷һһɶߣϤޱȵĵֳʯ̣ɱڵͫ档
֮ʣһֳ࣬һͷ
գۣͷҲ֮г֡
ӣ
ͷʵֲ
ϽߣӵԽԶԽãʮɺ׷޷˦
ˣ
һӣͷں׷ᡣ
òԾһôԺ
ǰĵһͷͷӰѿȻͨԣʲô
Һùĵ±ͨԪʶʱѣԭʮһǻ󣡡
ˣ
ղżĵԼߵ󣬿ܶǼٵġ
ǰһòأ鿴ԭ˫ͫһû뵽Ĳ٣ڻþ֮УͷڣȷǴ߶ǻþҲġ
֮ģžòܳ
ܴӻþ֮ѹȻĻأ߳þҲ޷ֵ
ಣ
ʱһȻâȻվڵʮǰ
ִһأأ漱æתϲӢܡҲո߳
Ͳ½̣
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˴žϲ̯֡
һԶ³Ϣ
࿴󣬴Цݵǡһ̺ϵķǵеһ֣
գǶˣʱҲɭ֣ʧȥҾòԾŷǻþȻõԶŷ
Ȼкöüͷ޲ô󷨡
˲Ϣʮ
֮ǰһոսʮͽ˾ߣڲͬʱ֮С
һǬߵ˫أע⵽ܣֲ̼Ԫ羪캧ѹ
ԣܿԪ񣬱Ⱥ˻Ҫֲ𺳣·ն
ɱԪԪ׷飬ڴʱû뵽֮Уһɽ
ɽǷɲܶߵķ
ɽ浱մ
һзҲУԪΧ֮ʣֱɽϮɱ
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̫֮Ĳʲô
ɽʧִâ֮߳ʮǰ
һ治򵥣֮УΪȴǵһʮ󣡡
ʵΪġ־Ϊ·֮п𣡡
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ѵ߸ƣֲ˹
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ܴӴ󲿷ϣĽʺޣ

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Ӣ˳ʮռ䣬ֻ棬֮࣬۵Ĳᡣ
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ɵɫ͸ǳϤĹϢȷһŷǻʽףҲޱȡ
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һ̤ͬʮ
ոս󷨣ٴ֮ʧ
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ԭǿܣһҲΪӰľͷ̶ɵĿܡ
ȻǺܱ棬ľͷһƣÿһƽԳž˵ۡ
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Ҳ˵Ҫʮ󣬱ҪɱܣҲǿ߿飬ܳɹ
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ס͹ƣܽУ޷κοܣɽ壬Ҳ޷κ
ְ֮󣬴ʱ治֪ʱ֮ʣǷҪܲ뿪һ֮ƶ


2461 ʮĲ
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ܰɣ

ͨɵ⣬භ߶֣˳һʮ
۵ǣܷ񴳹ʮĲ㣬Լʮ㡣
ܳɹٴ·֮У漣Ա˴Ƶ漣Զ񣬱֪
󲻷°޽֮Ҳֻܴʮ㡢ʮ㣬ƺܴʮĲ㣬ʮ㣡
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֮ǰһЩӣֻҧס뷨ʧˣһ˼ƽ󣬶Ը˴ԼΧ
ܴʮˣǶ֮УΪ۷Ĵڣ
ܴʮĲ󣬴Ǳжô˼飿
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ֻܿ˴粽Уȴ޷ᵽ˴ܵĿֲ
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ʱмǬš½ǿ
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ǿʼ۷׷ף²


2462 ʮ
λѳɹ뿪ʮĲ󣬲֪Ƿᴳʮ㣿ɹԽ漣ɻʴʮ󣡡
ͨɵʱգ
ϷʯŵǵΪĴڡ
Щ˲ˣֹ˵׷ſ˫ۡ
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ͨɵȿʵҲԵǼ󣬵ߵ죬ѿλ֮У
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һԴʮϷЩɻλǣͲСˣҲĿԴһ˿

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Ҳ֪ƽʲô绪ЩţҲֻܴʮ㣬ȻҪǿʵ̫ܹȥ
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ȻƭԼ
Ҫ磬ɲףƽΧʯںϡ
ֻƽȻʯɣһ飬ҲǼֵǡ

䲻Ӻ󷽻ƽһ𵴡
תһӻƽһ
ǽ
ǧ֮Уȴһڿɽǧڡ
ÿһɽǻʽ۷ƷʣһڿڽγһͻȻԲɷģ˳ת
һǧʽɽγɽɱĽһƶһ㣬תγɽɱܽκ˽ɱ
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˿ɽ֮󣬱ûȻƶ˿ɽɱ
ٿ󷽿ֲɱɱ硣


2463 
֮ڣ޷磬ֻ·һа˿ɽҲ޷ֵǧɽγɵĽ
䣡
˱ɽںϣ᳤磬ɱн硣
𵴣Ȼδ˴ɽϻ飬ǶɽҲ޷סһ
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Ƭ̣ٴοư˿ɽ˫ƳɽͷŴƤĿֲɱн硣
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һըѣ漱æ磬Ȼֻ𵴣Ȼãκνۡ
Ծʵϰ˿ɽܲɻ۷壬㲻۷壬Ҳܻ磬ΪΣ
ιȫɱ޷
ʱ˿̵棬ټɱ󷨡
˿ɽƯΧоһͿ콫ɱ
ζ޷飬·ιҲ޷󷨺顭
ʱһһȥ
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ƽȫǧɽγɵĽϽɱƽ档
Ѿֻһɾ룬ʱڣ޷飬Ҫ֮С
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Ҳ֪Ǻαһܵһ˿˿Ϣ;ȫѪ
Ѫ¡ֹ̤ٵۡ졢һꡭ
ʯһɶ󣬵߹һ֡
ȻǴʮţԼֿ档
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ͬʱɫһ࣬ʯһ֣ͨɵߣʸȡߴ顣
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黹ǲֿǵϢһУˣ


2464 ǿߵĿ飨ϣ
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Ǻܶˣ޷ʮԭ


2465 ǿߵĿ飨£
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ͻȻӿ
ֻܾۼֶԿ

ͻȻз·δֹһԴݿʧʣս塣
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˵߿԰һΣ⣬Եָ㣬ʲô֪ںϣҲ԰㣬棬ֻһλᣡ

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ſ񣬿˰ɣԺ½һҪնɱ棬ҲΪӳ鷳ƺ«
ʦַģ·֮һŸָ棬ֻҪ컯Ҿͽնɱ
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ſзɱ⣺桢˶˵ҵ﹫ӣɱ½̵ӣҲһٴΣ
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ǿ֮Ум
ǵȻţһЩԨԴпǱκ˶Ҫ˷ܡ

ͨɵͷ
ӵнǧˣǴɵǿߣ
Ǵһ㣬Ǵʮ㣬ȴ·Ϊһ뿪·ľߡ
ʱ˿̣ÿҲ۶񣬱¼¼𺳡


2466 Ƽ¼
ϴϴ󣬴ʮСһ
ȷò
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һ·Ȼڲͬܳһ棬·֮УҲδֹ
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̤ٵۣһᣬ죺ȷ֮ǰͨ𶯣棬õǿϹԵ飡
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һŵʮа˾ˣǶȥʮ㣬صߣԼ翼⣬˭ǰ󶯾
һͼħ٣һħĸ־Ϲ԰Ӵ󣬶ͻƵźܴãϹ֮츳ͨԶǿԵ飬ȻǾ
ϹʬɶǱƤƱףצӡƷϱϧǵȱˣԴʮ㣬ûһܵõһǿ߼Ϊʧ
νɵԵɻʣԴʮ㣬ҲʸõκıǿԼʵģðգĽã컺˵
죬ǷԺҪ𣿡
ȻΪ㣬ºأǬ²ݵѪ˾
˾֣԰ɣ
ǬŲǽƽ֮·֮Уʵ˵Ǭ壬ȥһʿ

Χǿߣ˾ⷬŪúôЦ
˾ĺƤܼ˵ѻԼţѪ¿ֹ
ֹ˵֮Ժ·ߣܻܲ뿪컯ɽ磬һδ֪
ǰºһߣתȷ벻
˽ףһᱻǬ׷ɱ

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ѡ󣬱Ȼһ漣
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֣˽Сӣȥ𣿡ͥƿ߳Ҳڴѡ
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ȻɳٶȣԤڣ
ʵҲԤ֮У˲ɾͣ
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һʹĲѣǱʱɾͣŪһŭ𣬰ԷŭӻУɱӣΣգǱһ̤˭ܶȻҪδ̤֮ǰնɱ
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治ϴƼ¼£Ȼ磬δΪͷưڸݣ

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ͨɵǧǿߣʮ㣬һꡣ
Ҳܶ˶ڿ֣ȻͲ洳ʮ㣬ֻǿ֣ں
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ʱ֮У
ͻȻ֣߳Ժᡣ
˴ƿ󷨣˲Ϣ硣
濴ǰ羹нǧǿߣּѪ¡ֹȻЩ˶Ǵͨɵǿߡ
ߣֻнǧˣܴͨɵš
Ҳвλã̡ӢܣܵԶͥͥǿߡ
ƿأ澶ֱϷ
ˣ
һɾ˵ƣ濴һǿߣγɼ
ԷȻһǿߣ棬ʾ⡣
Ӧ֮󣬿Χ
ʯϢʮһ뿪·ֶһͷǰ֮С
ϵܣϲϲʱΧһǿߵĿ⣬Կ档
Ѫڰ⣬Ц
ҷ֮УֶһţҲ˵
죡һɨԷ֪Ƿߣ˸߶ȣȻǵߵһˡ
ɱ⣿
̫ǿ߹ע涼޷סÿϢÿò
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׽֮һʮӣͻȻЦȻǬŸ֣ӦþǳԽɽ֮ϵǸнǿߣ⣬ңɱ㣡
֣ϲ㿴˶ڹעɶǵɽ磬ţ
·Լʮɣࡢ̡Ӣܡ½껵ϢϤ
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һ˶ˣܷɡ
ߵ죬·ٴĥ
õͣԼ౦Լĵǣؼ¼ȡͣԵõ·ʹ͡
лᣬõΪϹϴ衣
죬ڳÿۣĬĬע


2467 
󽥽ƽϢҲһʼʯԡ
ƺأҲĴ󲿷֣ʮָ
ܾǸ˾սʱԼ֡
ǬŲŹ·֮ǰһҪָ۷ʵԷ
ʱԶһĿ⣬ãȻ֣Ŀʧȥ
չ־ֻ̫ؾΧ·Զֻ֮һСУ׳Ϊ
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ȻԼЩڡ
Щ֮УȻҲΧЩǿϢ
֮ʵУоǬš컯šޱڡ½̡šɽڵȵȵϢ
Χǧˣ԰˷ɽľӢ
컯šǬɽִɽ磬һɽʮˡ
ɽ磬Ŀǰֻм˰ˣɽ綷Ҳࡣ
Լ죬м½ɹͨɵһ˴ʮĲ㡣
ʱĺܿ죬ʮָ߳ɣаʣʮڣָ۷ʵ
ʮ꣬İٶ˳ɹͨɵͷһǧˡ
ٶȣȶʮ·ǧˣɹͨɵ
ֻǧմͨɵ
Ȼ·Ķߣֹǧˣ˲ȥͨɵ·ĳȴ·Ȼų
֮޽ɻмλ֣ͥҲɵ
ٴθӦЩߣ֮޽С
޽ɹֻ󣬶֮ͬ˴ʮĲ㣬ʵǿ
ҲӦһЩͥͥǿߡ

ֹȥ꣬ɽϢע⡣
Ǻе˴
Ҳɹ뿪ͨɵɽ֣ĿǰʮˣӦûʮ
֣ҸӦĿǰߣһٶˣжΪףһа޽ɡˣҲ죬Լߣ
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˵ÿһ·ķߣԻγˣҲΪף磬ҲԵõӦҲǹǰ˼
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ʵкܶߣ氵нҲʶһЩߡ
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ٰйעɹʮǿߣҲû쳣Щ֮УӦûԪɾǿߡ
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˼ڻָУֻΪں̫ۡǡ
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Ϊδ̤޵øԼǱʡ
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ʱͻȻһӢͷ¿ռ𣺡컯룬ڴ˴ʦ֣λѣ·컯š塯֤ʦ˫ʽ
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ոףΧǿߺ
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˭컯ųʵһˣ컯ɽд󱳾Ȼִ󷽣
˫ʽһЩͷ޷ȣ
ǿ϶ߣ۹ʽ˫ʽŪ·֮󣬾˷ľͷһǰδе˫ʽ
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浹û⣺һȵõ·ʹ˵ƣУȻҪ컯ɽа֮꣬أҿͻɻʣ
ͷŸӦڸԶһʯһˡ


2468 
ͷ컯Ϣһۣ˾Ө̶ɣ˾롣
컯Ż֮£ɻǿߣ
Ҳйţʵʵ뻪ɽ磬Ϊɻʡ
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ͻȻһİϤһ
磡Ӧ
죿
֮дȻʢ۰˫ʽҾѣҲϣ컯ɽúþ۾ۣ֪Ǻ뷨֪ǬƱػɱ㣬컯ţ˾սЩ޷κ㣬ʱһ취㰲ȫ뿪컯ɽ磡
ûƬԥӦȻΪ·Ǿģ
ʹ죬·Ǿһȥǣ컯ţһ
Ҳ
ȻҪҲй½껡ˣҲ
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֪䣬̵½磬ͻȻγһš
·λȥ̨Χֲǿߣǵ
Щ·ߣ
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ãһȥĸ˵꣬桢ࡢ½껲С
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ͨɵǧߣվ̨֮
·գͻȻ컯һֵӽӡâһ켣Ϊһš
ಣ
ڲɳߣȻԽԽ࣬Ʒ䡣
Щ߽ͨɵ⣬ڷɵصءյصȴ·Ķߡ
ͨɵǧˣ̫ࡣ
кܿӦɻ˵һַڵϢ̻ἸǿߣҲܲ׽
Ҳмƺǡڡɻʥšɽ䡢ǵǿߣܸӦϰˣջв˻ų
浣ĵľǻȻ
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·Ϊ£õĻɥ·
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մһ컯ߣΰ컯ŵӺ˶ݣǵõ͡ȱҪó㣡
컯ŵӴԼˣ̨Ϸ󲿷ȥ·ߡ
֪һ·˭ܵõͣ
ӡ֤˭·
ܶභţҲ׼


2469 ͼħٵİԵ
һֻһǧ̸̸ֻ͡óȴ컯ŵ˶ԡ
ܶභûƺ컯ŵӡ
˶ڵȴţֱһ֮󣬼컯ŵӲÿ˽õıó¼
ֻó˼͡飬̫̫ڣ뱻֪
ԭҲڣ֪֪ʮͨɵõϢҲС
˿ɽ
ͨȻó컯ŵӺ˶ԡ
ֵʱΧ˶ʱԾѡ
ҵܵõһޱȼѣȻһ˵õ˿ɽ˾
ҿ飬ʮ֮УǼ궼ûܵõ𣿡
汻ȡߣ
ϹӵĪϹ츳Ƕõı
ǺܶԶԶ
ͣ滹õһͣһ̫ˣ
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жǿ߱óı飬߽ܶԴĽ
ʱ컯ŵӺ˶Աĸ˵ֵܣ飬Ϲ֮Ȼܶõɱⶫòϣøң
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ĸЦݣֵûǻлͨʮǿߣ飬֪ĲУ뿴Щǻ뾡취߱ƺ«ʱ鷳
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˭˵޷գԣѵУⷬΪ졣
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ΪţΪ豳˫֣һĲˣҾб£ȡ
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ħ٣ﲻ㣡һħͼħߣһ֣Χע޷Ų
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еͣͲ˷У˼ͼħپȻλСĻּΪŭ䡣
ͼħ٣ͣ
һ˹Ϊ죬֮޽ҲУҲʮˣǷߡ
֣ұһսͿ·֮˭һ̤ͼħٶ죬һݼɵٵ˿˿棬Цȥ
ͣ֡
ܼʱȻмʱ˶Ҳð¡
˻ᣬ뿪ˣר̹Ϊ滯鷳
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Ҳ⽥ԶȥǸСнѪħϢȻѰħɷӡأ˿Ƥ֮УʼһЩѪħϢ
˵ͼħǸħꣿ
нѪħϢ桢ͨ뵽һȥˣֻĸǸС
ĸҲħ֣һֱͼħٹϵһҲɹͨɵȻҫۣȴǸصƺͼħٶС

Сĸ̫


2470 Ŀϣ
ˣ˵ħйأѪħȻħ֮зһǿߣͼħħħɽǿߣȻǱħɽħȣ
·֮УǸħߵħӡˣ
ںţȻħȵıܷŹ
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֪ͼħħֽ񣬳ħ֮⣬ǿħħɽϹŵĳѪħš
ͼħħɽһţδǵʿ֮Уǿһˡ
Ϊ·Ϊħǿ߶̫࣬һ٣ħкܶħȣ
ĸᵽħɽ˳ħȣħһȻħȣÿһһħʥޱǿᣬɵ֮еľףҲԻħʥħʧãǿߺٳ߶ʴˣܶħ˽ˣ١
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еĶߣԶԶעǿߡ
ΧǧˣҲһ
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ۣ

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һ޴ڣ䲻һͻȻܴĳط
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ɿ֮лӦǰɻʣõӡ̤ɾͳԽ֮ϵĴڣһֱѹƾ磬Ҫ̤ʱԣ


2472 ̨
ɻʱãɻ۷塭Ԫɾҵ컯ɽ磬취Ƚɱ֮ҲܴУõһЩӡ
ˣ㻹ýһЩԪɾ꣬ʯǲ֪⼸ǧ꣬ҲߣǲѾͻ磿
ԡ
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ӮҿԶ㣡
ʱ컯ɳһЩԵõ͵Ķߣнӡֶ֮·֮УһЩֳڣ¼Ķߵڻ
ϵܣ¼νᣡߡ
񣺡磡
棡
Ȼභ컯ŵڻ׷׽ĿͶ档
ܶס컯Ÿ𵴣·֮Уɻսɻʣ¼¼ɻʴʮͨɵٴε¼չأӵνᣬȡ
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κʦ
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ǰ;
Ϊ̵ǣȴ潱Ȼ޼
һϢȻޣȻǵɡ
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仰̫⡣
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ʱһʯ·ࣺҲףһЦ滢ҳ⣿
һ
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ŭգ濴û£ȴ޲·ָ˵


2473 ɵѹ
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һ˲ˡ
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Էһŭͨʴ٣ͷָЩʲôҪҿջء
֪棬᲻һŭ֣ͺˣ
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2474 ̵Ʒҩ
ߴܵż·Ϊ㣬ɽ赲ҷһ𣿡ϣơ
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Сģӿڳ½֪˷ŭæѡ
ͨͻȻһϲ濴һǰ¹̫ӡ
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·֮ܶ㱻˼סභɥ·ܾûᱻ
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۱һʱҵ棬һﵹһû䡣
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ݺ⣬ˣ

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аǻ˫ʽ֮ڣУʵ֪εȸ߶ȡ
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δֳܵ졢Ȼ״̬


2475 ͨ
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һ޵ɽ壬ɽһΪ
޼ڴ֮ϣ·˾ս
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˾սʧڴ

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޼ؿͷһռеƺ«ԼӡΪɽ磡
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ͨʱͽںϡ
ˣҳȥһˣ򵽺ܶö˲ιٸʮµĹӣһ˵ƷҩģҪԤҪǰǧԤϡ٣ǮҲ򲻵
˲ιͨó˲١
ֵͨʱҸӦǬš½̼Ϣƺǡ̻Ἰ֣ƺЩǿϢҲڸǻҿǱģ
̻ǻûѧԣǬ½ǿߣӦ޼κʦĺжټһ˼δȥΧ
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2476 ׷ۣ֮ϣ
̷ʮ˲ι߼ҩԸо޷ʱ˵Ϊɻ۷塣
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Ҳ˵ģʱѪҵȷоǳϤϢ޷϶˭û뵽㣬ʱɽ贫һ·ǸӣһǵǸ죡

Ůӵͷ֮ͻȻͷŽΪǿʢĿ⣺ҾãҲӦ

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ʱȴֳָ̬մմˮд֣Ϊȥǿߣӵ˻Ƶ죿
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컯ɽˣﲻ


2483 ٵ
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2484 £
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2485 թƷҩϣ
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2486 թƷҩ£
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ָ֮һɽƺǻһɽԼţԼһ㣬߳һɽҲԼָš
Ѫ׽
δ
δ
ʱӡһ㣬ټ󷿼κʧˡ
˵ΨѪشδ
С΢΢ɫ䣬ǿ֮ͫб䡣
Ѫ˳н䣬ҲݣҼҪģûԼˣ
С֪һĻͬڷ磬ҲʱҲýҪɱңһף
δʶţ񣬺λһ㣺˵ֻأţط꣬Ҳֿ
СƺǰִţԷθ˸ΪҲСǸˣطҴˣ
ִŵͷСڷ磬ֽȥƷ磬ѰӶǱߣȴվ飬һԶӡԺδʧ㲻ڵʱֻܽһзӡȥͷ


2492 ҪŮ
뷲磿½ֽ壿
Ʒ磬ֽ磬ڵƷ磬λ磬ڵֽ糬ԽƷ磬λ磬λԽߵݣȻƷ磬ʶԺһܶ꣬һܶ࣬ҲĿ
ֽ硭
·Сʲô
˵ǵңһǵã漤ǰ
ʱŷһɾĵĴʹȫע⵽ĽڣѾ¶»
ҵȷԷֽ磬壬ҲܣҶ˵һУް䣬ٴηȰ㣬ȥ
ܸһᣬҽʶľ˵һ˵𣿡
УҴˣ
һᣬҲһᣡ
ҲҪᣡ
͵һؤһİˣİһЩҪɱɱǲһʱȥ룡
ͻȻ֣ץ档
Ѫָ϶ֻҪһİˣ˵˵Ĺȥ
áգСҲ֪ǺεһȻͬǰİˡ
ллͷ
˵ɣСȻĮ
һǿз罻֣ȥƷ򵺴½һطŮ֮ʣȴ㣬˵Сʱ浱һͨŮʿμ㣬ҲƯҿһۣ;÷ǳȻ
ʱ㣬ʱ磬һͨķŮӣʱ˵ŮΪӳŬȥϤ뿪Ůһȥ뷲紳

˵Źȥ
ŮֳմѪıû뵽Ҳš
ʱʱʱҲһЩЦݡ

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֮ϣһ޴ƯʯӦһȻһй
湻ݳޣ
Ϊ컯ţһ֮УΪӵĵ
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ŮӻӣСŮ㣬ΪһʥŮǻۣϵӣκŮӣ޷㣬Щò˵򵱵֪ʥŮһЩȥ»ڣ
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䣺Ů˶ˣӽۣԣȴҪñ۵ŮΪն㱾۾Բ
ӣߣҲ徫ӢѵҲ֪ƭ㣬Ǻε³ǵӣҲ̿㱻ƭŸˣŮӡ֮Уû
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Ů壬һһ꣬ʱʱ̿һ˵ûйϵ˭ţҵΪʥŮŮɽ֮ʣӻ壬ڲˣ֪ԵͨȻԺܿȷ¡
˵
ӣǸӣѰɽ磬֮ܣ̫ѰζӾ治ԴףһӵŮˣߣ
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ӣҪ˵ԣҲ

۴ʱŭû֮ǰǰԵŭ⡣
ĥһᣬ۷Цˣ˵˵Ҫʲô
ŮӾƣվҪŮˣ
۳Ϣռ̣߲мŮӣҲҵŮˣ¶ҵŮˣǺǣ˵ĿģΪβһ˵ˣҿԷŹ㣬ȴҵŮ˵£ܷŹ㣿ҲǸˣһͳȥ˵Ů˵£
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ΣŮӻû˵꣬ͱһ֮ѹں󱳡
ŮǱѪվӣɱңҵĻԴ


2493 ΪԸ
ǲײĲᰡ˵ɣ˵ңҲԿǷŹһ
ӡ
Ůƺץסᣬһȳһۡ

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ʱɱȥֽ㣬뽫ֶʱļ䲻Ĩȥ־Ҳֲٿأ
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СҲ쳣侲š
ʱҲˣٿ־֣ɽͶķʱ׷ɱңûа취ֻ뷲磬ɽΪ֮½ȥ㣬Ҳ֪ǣǧ꣬Ҳ㣡˵š
ǧѹĵܣڵõͷţͻˡ
Ĺꡭܶˡ
С˵ȴһĮһǲǵã֣˵κһ棬棬ò·δһǲ仪۵ȥý
ȥ
ǧŴӷ꣬ġ
ָץĸСߣһ뾡취֤ҵĹ£ҲĹ£
Сԥջǹѹס棺ߣò·һУҪΪУף̫ޣΪֵ˵治ǸˣΪһİˣﲻֵã
ߣк壿ҿϹȥΪòҵ㣬뻪۽ɵ£ҲûлᣬһҲ޷ԭԼ
治ǸŮӣ
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С㣡
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ಣ
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Ůӿ棬ԼѪʱ߶ӡ˴룬Ԯ
СźҡͷЩԭһ㣬ϴˣԼץסᣬ뿪ܣ
ӽɵ£
컯Ůӳ֣Ҳ¶ɱΪ㣬˵컯ţ񷣬Ҳ

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컯ŵɱˣ
ôŮӿССС㣬˺󣬴˽ԸҴţϵҲҪɥڴˣ
ֳ컯ŮӣǽСߣСĽҲӲγѪ
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ƸҲҶԷҲǾɻʣʵǳֲ
ȻҪ֣Ǿһ־ҪɹȻС
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Ҳǻĳأ
ʮɽ壬һϿȡֺ塢ʮ԰˷ɽţﶼۡ
нޣ縲ǵı壡

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ܶˡһ̣ӱΧ֮зɳǵδʧķըѹâ


2494 û
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һʮˣԷǶɻʣκɻʿҲ޷ֵֵز
Ϊβߣ֪컯ţ³ֻ·һѵ潫ҵеС
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ಣ
ʱһЩƴӰ˷֡
컯ŵӡ
ЩӦڱͣμӻ˫ʽǿߡ
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컯ŸִȺ֮зɳΪ컯ţʵʲڻ۵롣


2495 
ߣ֣ҲӲ
м˷ɳ
β컯ŵӣ˾ΪףǬŵľǿߡ
ǵǬŵ꿡ܡ
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ϧ棬ǱδɾͲΪƫƫ˵Ϊغ컯ţǾͷ˵Ҳ޷棬
ֹѪһֻ̣ܰн
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沢δˣһƺ«󲿷顣
ǣ֮ǰΧɱȺ֣Ѿ׷ɱ֪
ۣ
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ץڱɣ޷֮Ļϡ
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˾ս΢΢֣ɵ˲໥ӵΪһĳ½껣Īżնɱһ㣬һҲųȥ


2496 ս
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շ·룺ĪֲƽҲĪԹʲôﲻ·㴳ڵһ̣Ӧøۣɱ㣬ҪĴۣ
ȴĲǣࡢ½껡ͨ۱ߣ
˽Ա컯ŵΧɱ֮Уѱ
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¡¡˲䣬ɵɱƷ籩ɱ飬޷Ʒ籩һ֮ڳ״顣
۷彻氡·ʣ
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2497 ŭ
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ը֮桢˾ս뼸ըɡ
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ƹâ֮У潥һֻһˣӦ±Ӹ㵱ţ
㽫˴ߣοһۣ棬ҲᣬܻңȻʸˣѾע컯ţ㻹뿪컯硢ǿߣǿߣɱһɱ㣬ūҲһɱ㣡
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ĸо⣬ϢܣһƳԶ֮е楣ĵĪǡ楸˵ʲô֮ĶԹûɱҡ
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2498 
ǻ취ѾҪȥ֤ŮңҪܵѴĳͷ
СʲôҪ˫ʽŮˣ
㲻֪ЩΪܿȥȥҲЩʹ븴Уְɣ
Ī˺Сһжһɣ
һԻ治۵Էθ
Сܳ£޹ġ
Ӧ˵һЩ£۲ŻĿȥС
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ͻȻﶯ䣺ҵŮˣһúöԴģҪ˿ҴһŮ˵³
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۾Ȼ·꣬ͻƵ
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һ
˿ѾǻʣΪĵӡ
ѵˣ
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ں𺳣
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ϵѪ͸ź˫˸룬ӲţҲСȥ楣ͲСҲˣҲϣҾСҲΣվأѵҴˣ
楡ҵþС
һ̵棬ȻȼգлɢǷʧԻ˵ϵˣҲò£֪ʿȥ㣬˵楲ٵ飬ڷͷ׷ɱңÿгԴҺ֮ǣ޲öҰƤȡǣҵѪҵ⣬㣬ɱҡ
𣿡һ˲ƺĻãѹٶ˲١
楣嶼ɱңҲ㣬Ϊڷʱ򣬵õɳǿһֱ׷ɱңΪɱң̫ۣΪȻɱңŲֶ㣬ƻ㣬ۣǵţȻһŮƭˣЦɱ
˭ҲĪң壬ŮֻǸˣ棬ֶΣҪ˭˵Ѻףȴ㿪ʼҲɱ㣬ѹ˵
ݣ
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¡¡ײĵݣΧҲΪƽأǰ̻Ϊ档
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ΪһΣҾ̬ʣҲ̤ôʤϣ

ܶҲϧ
֤۵ǿҲĿĲϧ洳컯ŵƾһ㣬ʲҲܴ컯Żųȥ
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ɶ񣡣
ⷽ
Ϊ׵ϰٷߣûһ˲еǻŭ
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֮޽ЩУһִݺ
Ǵߣ˱նɱҲڴѹߣˣɱ߲ʲô
һŭȴԣ


2499 ۱
ʵ죬һҲı䲻ʲô
һٶȥ棬յĽ֣һٶ˶Ҫ
ΪҪ컯űϢš
ã̫񣡡
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һǿ֮У½м֣
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ǰͲûնɱ棬Ŀ֮ҲûҪȥ׷ɱ档
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Ϊ½ţҪʶ۷壿
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Ѫ¡ֹЩţҲֻ̾ҡͷ
㻹ˣΪβȰ裿ˣٻܻš
֮еСҲʥŮŮ֪ΪΣͻȻһЩĿЦüͷ
ڷ磬޷ն㣬ʵ³Խң·ͷ㻹Ǳüıڴˣ
楣Ҳ֮УΪСһ
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˭û뵽˻ߵڸ߿𵴡
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һѪģ棬һĿ֮С
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ۣҳ̤֮㾿жһһϿɼɼǵѪۡ
˲䣬ЦˣȻƽ档
ܻܻΣ
Ȼ˸оһս棬ȴûǷݸ;
⿴Զˣֿ塢ԼΧǿߡ
оε̾ɱۣҲı䲻˽죬컯ѹˣҪɱۣҲóɽСȷԼ
Ȼ޷ı֣ҵǰ㣬ڸֱڻۡ컯УƸ޷ס˶֪ϣһΪõ«Ҵж˿鶼пܣ
Ҳֱܽ˸ˣҵýԲ֮УΪСѪѪ֮УҵµĴڣ
뵽˫۽ңҲڷա
ֱ棬֡½֡֡ͨҼסֻ֪ƺ«֪ڻҲһὫбڣѪأǼסһھʱ뾡취õҵʬ壬˵ھܵõ
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˵ֻΪȷһҲоߣʱͨصȣһҪ賤ȷߣ
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༱æ
ѷӡԪ޷
忴ȥ˵ŮҵĴ㣬ҵðʧǣ㣬Ҫʿ楣ڱҹһۣҲ㲻Ǹ
Ů΢ĵ֮ǰߣȴߡ
Ȼϴ㣬Ȼ㿴СǸСҴõ㽰ɣ
˵꣬Ѿ۵Ϣѹ顣
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˶û뵽ǣ컯ŴӰΧˡ
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еĻ۱һԾ𣬼æ档
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컯żͷŹƣֹ۱֮ʣӻ۱ͻȻơ
ȻƻΪ棬ɻʣֻһƷŭץһ̽컯ŵ֡

֮УȻһΪľͷ
զ಻ѣ
Ϊ۱ƣ𺳡
ǲɻʣǵ
Ȼǵ
ˣƬ̣ͺֹǵҲ
ɱ
۱һģ֮У컯ŵӣճˣһһɡ


2500 ۱
Ȼƭˣֵͨ˴۾
Σ컯ŵ
ಣ
Ի£ǻūһڻ۱ǰ
ūֲͷţһչֳױȵĵơ
ɱ㣡ūƣһצָץ
۱Ϊŭɱ档
͡ڵķţܷһУԵޱȡ
צӡ֮£ץûһָۣ涼Ϩˣצӡ۱޷Ȼж
СӾǵǿߣ
ϧǵΣտʼһ̣ⷽеǿΪգһūʵȻƵ
һū˰Ե
˸ոձ۱չֵʵ֮ʡ
۱ū֡
Էֻһͽ۱ѹơ
̡
ūһ֮еĻ۱
ҲˣͷŰԵ棬յ߿գʮ㱬
ÿµĵ
ڲˣ׷׺ơ
̤ٵۡǰţϧҲǵԽԽֲ˱ˡ
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䣡
ɱһ𣬿ռ˺ѡ
ǵÿռ顣
ΪԾˣȻ档
۱ǵҲˣչֳʵȻ̤ĻۻҪǿĶࡣ
ᦱںϵ˳̶ȣڵ֮УҲǾ֡
浱պֹס֣ɱūΣ컯Ÿɱʮˣˣٷܻ
磬ĪңҲҪ뿪ߣ۱ٴδ߶ᦣһ
̫£Ȼū飬κһɽ壬»գۣյøɸɾ
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ūӡɱ飬ҲץһɫǹҲǵ۽׷

۱ɲ߶ᦣվ
žžž
ӶǹԵ۽׷ӳֵūʵ죬һǹӳͽᦵľ𵯷ɡ
һǹ̳ͽ̵ķѣ
СӣΪڵ֮Уʵ֮΢ΣϷ򻹲٣Ϸݺʱɱֲٵ
ūܿƽ۱ȻʵٶȡΪȻǳԽڻ۱֮ϡ

ɫǹž
ūɱ֮ʣǹǹ磬Դݿᦡ
ۣ
õĻ۱һβǱɣɣȫֲѪѣɼ֮ء

ࡢ½껡ߡͨҲ̲סɱ
ȴΧ컯Ŵ߶ƣƿΧϷ֮ƣѹü޷ɱ
Сӣūֱ˵Ļ۱
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۱ȻҪūǹâ֮£Ҳ˹
Ȼȴ۵һƣƽָˣ޷۱
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黯Ϊһ֮󣬲ڻ۱Χڷһ޷ݵػ档
⡭
ūҲͣŻ۱ͷųǺĻ棬ǿһڡ
εȻ棿ΪǺɫģ
ӦǴ֮У֮Ҳֻ֮оֲգ
һС֮
һЩǿ۱ʱͷų档
۱ڷ仯ĳΪɫһ˫ͫȻҲΪһ˫
ǡ
ܰɣȻ
һЩ֮еߣֵĿŻ۱
û뵽û뵽һСӣȻ
Ǭţ˾սһɲҲġ
һ컯žǿ죬ͻȻֹλū˲ܶסǣ
ūҲһںղɱ⣬ʱʧ¶ּɵ
һһ
䣡
ū֣ͣ
Ǳһ˵Ļ۱ƿĺڰǿ֮еǻһڰᦣɱū
ɶ񡭡
ūԥ֮󣬻ɱǹâ
»۱б仯ʵʵȻߣū÷Ϸڰգ޷ȥ档
棬㾹Ȼܻ۱Ϲϵ컯ţҲҪ㣡ۺǾĿ档
µˣΧ˺ܼɵ۱û˸۱ɱֻ֣ʶ̫죬֮£ǶûϵһΪۣ
Ϊ۱йϵһܣҲܾ컯ţ
治ɫѹжղһûնɱҿ㻹жͣ


2501 ͷԮ
ۣҿһսؽ󣬾ͷŹЩˣҿ㽻֣֮սΣ
֮սҲ䣿ڱ֮£Ҳӣ
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ͻȻŭ⣬֪жΪŭ
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ۿҪ֮ʣһ·ڳΪ֮һ
ɣ
컯ž죬̧ͷΧԶ硣
Ƿǿˣ
ɣ֮Уǿߣ
Ҳʦ
£ֳҿ˹
޼ЦɣӦ֪κεԼĹأ˽ƽ䣬컯κɣͽˣ
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ûϵʱ򣬳²ھ
۵ɫҲһɱȻͷš
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˵֪ٵ֮󣬾ͲСˡ
ȻҲ˶ٵۣҲҪΪ˵
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Ĭ֮󣬱뷨ǻ۵ʦ֣ʦܣ£Ȼѵ˴ĵûȨ
Ҳ˼ֻϣһø߲飬˫õĴ𰸣ٵššǿǰȻһûС
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컯κεӣһɽ׶ӣҲʲô
û뵽󣬻Ϊ֣ԶԶһĻ
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Ĭ֮е棬Ȼ͸ɽ̬
˫֮ʣתˣһӦ˵Ȩˣλǲǣ
˻һȡššͥǿߣΪ֮Ĭ


2502 ս
ȷ洳ĵǵˣȻʸ˵һ֣ȥҲ˵ͨ
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лʦ֣
컰̣ĺס
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һ֮󣬺ܶĿϡ
ź룬Ÿ߲㣬ڴˣͬӻ۵Ըһս֮˶

ܶ˶꣬
ۣͦңΪһλ߲㣬²ǶҲǴ컯š
һΪһϣʱվΪ˵Ҳ֮С
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û˵ĬĬעţ
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2504 һս£
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2505 
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2506 治ɱ
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2507 ڱ
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2508 ߿
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2509 
ɽһ㳡㳡Ϊ֣Χûκν㳡һЩĶڣÿڶзӡʮɾһ컯ŵء
ΪÿڣһѺŸַˡ
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2510 
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2511 
һ̣ԣֻо˵壬һ磬Ƥڵ֮ӹ
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2512 ͷ
д󲿷ˣʾҪͽ档
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2513 Ȼþ
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κϡһ޴ۣͻȻɻĿ⿴κ
ǰҲȻ⡣
κδӦȴڵһʱΪ˴λԺϸ˵һأ
ڴʱһֱģɵĻϣϽκ飬棺κϵĽ飬飬ȥ֮󣬴ǰ֮Ԩ꣡
ã
ھͷһһͷ
ͷû֮ǰ󲿷Ҫɱ档
˼仰ҪиߵУδйʵĿ
ѺصΣȴ˲֪֮Ԩںδ
ɿ桢СţҲ֪ƹӣһҲһ֪
ûϣȵ˶Ӧκ飬֮Ԩһһȥ޻صĿµط
꣡
ڵΣѪƼ⡢ƤƤ˿Ȼ

ִ
˵ˣΪκ޴Ҳ˵ر޴ۣǿǵɽǿ֮һ
Ӵʦܲٵ棬֮Ԩ꣬˵꣬ǵطһȥ·һ
֮Ԩǻ˵ĹأҲһȥ޻صĽأԹܻųʿ٣ǷˣѵܴǵطŻȥҲԻų
ʦܾͺú׼˫ʽ˷ǿ߻ף㣡
졢޼ǿߣ½һ˾սˣŻȥ
ͱˣҲ֧ǡ
ʣһʱܿΡ
ʦܣ
컯ִأִ컯ţȨĴڡ
ǻۣҲǿ֡
һλִѲߣˣ󷽱ȭʦΪǾ仰Ȼ汻֮Ԩһ³ȥ֮Ԩȥ޻أʦĪҪȡмΪ˵ɱҲˣǼҲûӦ
лʦֻ֣һۣ
֮󣬻һΡ
ӷӡ֮ȥĵţ侲Լ
أһЦܻһܵ⣿
ξֻˣҲ˵ʲô˵ףǺܵ⣬ֻҪܻ뿪컯ţʲôǿ˵£޷ɱң뿪컯ţ


2514 Զܣ
κǰǾ㣬ֻǾһʱ֪֮Ԩݣ϶֪
ٶӵĻֻҪܻţϣ
֮ԨһԨӦ֪Ŀ£֮Ԩһλڴɽ總һͷֵԨǿһЩڰʿɽֽӡǵطֻнֽܳΪɵ˳ͽ䷸֮أ걻֮Ԩǿܻųˣȴһ
ǺֲܿҲ޻·Ѱ
κεطԼķȣ֮ԨȥΣǵطûзȣɱ¾ΪԨ磬ȥһֻͨ棬ܽԵ
۱˫֣˵꣬ûһ˿Ȼ͸ɱ
ԣ̫ɱ棡
һ̣
澲͸֮ԨܱУ컯ǿоɣۣΪҶˮ
ͻȻǰŴϷӳİ߲ߣѹͣ㣿򹷣Ҷÿ㣬֮㣬Ϊϣǲǣ

һݣһΪ
֮ǰҴ졢޼ȴδҵ飬ָңϣҿܲȻܽǿ졢޼񣬶޷ҵ
˫ֽӡͨԪüļ
һ
оǰˣһͷǣۣ㾹ΪѰұϧͨԪҲڣᱻһͨԪ񣿡
ͨԪʿǿĴڣҲΪĴڣʱ⸱ģûз˵ҵͨԪ񣿾зҲûԦ
ۣ֮еĳ裬Ҷӱ㣬Լ㱳컯šԼǬţ
㻹뵱ǿƾ㣿˵Ƿˣ״̬ԶҲܣ棬ھʣ繷һҷ͡
Ȼܻţ䲻֪ܻŶãеиͷҾ𣿡
ಣ
Գ֮ͨԪԼüġ
˲䣬ԻϤǿԪ񣬻ڲԺѪ֮ͷӦÿ䡣
ۣ
һѪмЦƭˣûŮ֮£Ҳƭģ
ΪһŮˣܴȡôȥ尵е飬õȷϣ֪Ů½һЩ£Ҳȷ巨ϣϹž䲻Ƕȴܴ𶼶࿴Ϊ崫֮Уһ

Ի۵ͨԪ޼ɵѰҡ
Ѫ֮УͨԪһʩչ˸ӦһһѪ֮дС
ڴʱĻ۶ԣһӴѪ硣
һ棺棬ȷϢ֮УҾȻоһ΢΢ϤϢ䣬ȻˣѪ֮УһЩ


һĨӰƣ¸ɳ뻪üںϡ
棡
ɱڣһλᣬӦ֪ʱ״̬ܵˣ㶼ȥ
淴ʡҪɱң㻪ٲΥ컯ŵ˼Ҳ޴У
˵֮ͷҲòסǷɵЩΪͷǿߡ
ɱкܶ취һҪ컯ɱ㣬컯ţ飬˵㽫˭ںδҾͷŹһΣһʽףʱĻۣ·Ϊһˡ
㻪ûл˵ʱǣҲǣõģȴնľܾ
ڤ粻飬õ컯űһδɳΪ𣬶㣬ܿ⣡
ಣ
߶ȥ
̧ͷŲӰʼмָ

֮
û뵽˶汻Ѻ֮Ԩ
ɽ罣ǿ컯ⲿһΧƯš
һˣʮڴ˷ȴš
ˣ
ͻȻһȺ컯ŷĵӣ𾪺
ֻ泤ϴ컯ŵӣ˷ӡ棬Ȼ
ɵͣհչþ֮Ԩ꣡ٶȣճХ
˿˿һ棬Ϊʱ³󲿷˶ֵġ
棬֮Ԩɹŵģб£ȥ֮ԨȥɣǬŵŶξһȺǬŵӵڴЦ
ô㣬ߣ½̵ſҲ߮ڰմ档
ʲôҲû˵Ϊκһ仰ǲ԰׵ģ
ͨˣԽԽˡ
棬Ҽҹںδ˵취㣡
ͥһЩǿߴ˳֮мΪǺһ᰾ʿ˵ȵȡ
ƹӣ
治


2515 ׷
ãҵΪµӱ𣡡˫׺ݵĿ⣬콫
š̫ӡɻˡ֮޽ЩҲһĿ档
Ѫ¡ֹپͼħ١һţҲĿ档
΢΢ܸӦ²ڵϢзߣ̫࣬ҲΪֻܱȥǰ
ϧһţֿ䡭
˵Ժ֮УƽԿһλţɽ㾪׵ķʽ䡣
ಣ
ʹ֮һâߴھ磬ƿնȥֻһǹβӰ
ʹ˲䣬ζ컯ȥ
˾þδɢȥ컯ţ⼸ֳľ޴󶯾
Ҳ֪˵ûУ洳뻪۵ԭ뻪ۼ˫ǸŮӣ˽ᣡ
Ҳ˵ˣԻ۲뾡취Ҫɱ棡
۴һñӣ˭ҲҪɱˣ
ܶ˽ġ
ʱʱ˵ںЦ

һж޹ˡ
컯һȰ˷ķǿߣڵڱֳĬ
ȥһ̣컯ȴǳ־棬ɳٵӸٷǿߡ
šҲһ
컯ɽ⣬Ǻʱա
ʱӰɽɳ֮С
Ϊǻۡ˾սһſˡ
ӣһܷŹ棬֪ͨˣһᣬнնɱ뿪컯ţ棬޹أ
һûͽỪۣ³ֱǣɱһˣһ
ǷģΪҰãţϣ˷ǳ࣬ǲðգȥϢǣ
ɱڣͻȻִż˻ص컯ţ

ͬǺʱգ
Ӱ޵ƿճ֣һһµ޴ۡ
һκ
޴ۿ⣬ʱһâӹκϣ㵱ʱΪֹ䣬Ӫ棿Ϊһ棬컯űȻҵĺ
κ޴۱ȭΣ֮ǰ˶ۣ࣬Ҳ㣬ҿ˵ˣڴ֮Уûģ컯Ҳģʱһѵҽ齫֮Ԩ
˭
ģ⨺ˣ
Ȼ
˭
һΪǱıĸ
ӿɲ׶컯ŹҲϵΪ۱ԵʣӳϹϵˣá
Ȼ⨺˵˼Ҿͷˣ۲ɣ
ǴΪҪһֻһ֮ԵСӣ
κϣ㶼˵ˣΪһ֮Ե
ܺˣȴƲ࣬ȻϷĳǱȻִۣΪһͨ˵
ղȻһ䣬Ҳûޱɽ磡
ۣ뿪֮ǰл㣬ڰвߵķԼǿڸٽɽҹźڰѿʼ׼ɱɽ磬Ҫ׼
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޴ۺһЦʧ֮С
ɽ֮Уҳ޴㣬ΪȨƸʴ𣿡
κ̾Ϣ֮ͷźXŹڰ֮пһһҲӰӡ

죡
ֻһƬһ谵ǺγɵĻ⣡
⿴һ棬ںһ޴򣬿ϡס
⴦Ԩ֮УһƯ޴ʯϣŲٶһ
ಣ
һ֮УɳһЩ컯šǬŵӣЩ˾Ȼǵ磬ɻʡ
ܳԶɽ֮ʱգЩǿҪϡٵԼӵ⻷
ʱ̶ֽ١
֪δǺεȲΪ
ʮǿڴΧó֮󣬴߶һâΧЩ޴ʯ
ˣ
ǿǷ׷׿ڴ֮γɡ
Ϊһ޴Ĺ⻷
⻷ʧһٶ컯ŵӣ
Ϊ棬кܶ
ϣʯصǿߣ󲿷
мλߣֻףʦܣ
ʯ֮УҲ˵λʵλϡ
Ϊһɻʣһӵµߣ⿴뱻˷ӡ棬Ϊ⿴档
Ҳ׷ײ⣬ʱһɻʣҪ컯ô˻ͣһҪ֮Ԩ
˵ΪһɻʰˣҴŵ
˵棬潫컯Ϊ˵һ顣
˵꣬ڳǿ߶ǾȣһɻʾȻ컯ţ˴Ķ
λӡԽ·ʱ֣˽
У
ʯǿߣҲ߳һ֣
һڴȴ˷


2516 һ
·׵ǺԨϷλִ߶ӡͻȻ·ʲôûеĺڰǿգͻȻһŻ
䣡
Żոճ֣ͻȻһצŻڲץŻ𵴣˶ŵòһ
濴ľսλĪʱ̶֮Ԩǿӡ󣿡
һλ˵ҲǾһЩ͵Ϯӳȥղǹһͷݵ񣬲ɵؽȥģ֮ԨĴһˣǴӡųڣݵκԨ޷ֹ
˵֮еݵ꣬ҲֻڵżȻһΣû뵽֮ԨִУ
ףȻ͸ŵ
ǣǳȥһɱɽһ⡭ݵȻŴϡ
˵㣬ǵУҲһɱȵ
ʦܣ׼ã
λ˲ŽŻһȥ

ʱͻȻһģһĨıġ
棬ǡδϵϣȻᰵ͵Ϯ
ֵֺǣһֲδˣ
ҲһĻ޶ãĮȻӴζЦ⿴֡
˭ǻۣ컯ţӵ̫ȨһϣҲòͽᣬǻ͸֮Ԩ͵ŷǰɣ
ͻȻһƣԵһѹ

һ⣬˲䱻·Ż
ǵûȥ߻ۣһȡԴ棬Լ컯šǬţɵˣһ̤νɵͣ
׹Żһ̣˫ͫΪһ䡣
˲򵥣·̺ͫ
ϧҲǸӣ
ܶ˿汻Żŷˡ򵥡
ݣ
£Ҳ˶ãǻ۸һģݺɱһɫ⡣
̺һڽɫɽ֮ɱŻ
ˣ
Żʼϣߵսӡʧȥ
ŻˣʣµһƬȥûκ쳣Ǻӡ
лλջصţ±лһЦ˷ʹ
һ̣Զǿգ
Ѫֵõɽ־㣬֮Ԩԣųʱʽ㹲ͬɵͣ
һӰĿ֮ǰһĻ
ҲδĴڡ
Ҫ֪֮Ԩǳû˷Ӱɼ˵ʵ಻


ʧһ㣬׹޾ڰԨ֮С
һĻϤڰԨָ֪о֪ڰԨĿֲ
ˣ
ͻȻʹС
ݣ
֮󷽣һƳһڽɫɽӸ߿պڰ֮׷ɱ
Ҵ֮ԨҪı
ɫɽɱаףѸоһڻʽ׷ɽ
Ϊɱһڻʽ׷ɽ
֮ǰұģӦһɽͬɽ׷ɱ㶼㲻οڻǷһﲻɵˣûǵĹһɵ
ͻȻתһâڱ
ڰʱ֮Уǿ׷ɱĽɫСŶǰҪɱ档
漫ΪתԽɫСڱҲǻۡ졢޼Щǿ޷
һ죬ǿ³ӶҪ࣬ƴʱҲãڲ±

⻷֮У˲䱬
桢ɿСţΧγɱȦ
ɿ󿴼ɫСаЦҶԸڻʽ׷ɽȻƷʲ
ݣ
ɫƬɿǽɫСշȥ
УһɫһɫâϷ׷ⱬըɹâըΧһڰýڡ
ɽΪƬһһ׹䣬һЩɳ
ɫƬԵصɿУԸһڻʽ׷桢Сţһ֡
䣡
ţ˲仯Ϊ
Ϊ޴ţħϣ桢Сɿһ档
Ĵ˳Ź٣ڿ׹Ԩ
ɹԨĴҲΪ
߻֪֮ԨǺεȴڣȥԨܱڸ߿ʧλҪǿٱ
оʱں⣬ܶǱȻϮţڣԼصڣٶȡأҲҪ顣

ͻȻһ˫ĵ˫ͫǰ޾ͷĺڰ֮УԶٶ

߶£Է̫ǿֻܴŴҲ֮С
ܿһϤϢ澹¶⡣
ǴӰһ֮⣬Ȼһͷħ
ɲڷĵħǻΪɵĴڣҵħǴԶűĹ
ɿһƳħȻһɽһֲԵޱȣ̫ǿˣ²ɻʼĴڣǿ£


2517 ֮Ԩ
үүһУţɲΪʱݴ
ħɷ˲䣬ץһȦӡ
ħȦ
ݣ
ħȦħɷջ棬Ϊʮɾ޴󣬷·һ㣬ħɷħ
ħΪ˺Сſһڣ˳Խӡ
飡
ħȦײħȦǵ۽׹ŷţ꣬ѾȵĴ
ħˣ΢΢ˡ
ɿɳţԱ˵ħȦУȻûͷħܰԵħţǻȥ˵
ţħȦץӴħԼȻԨܡ
ٶȸ죬ħɷ֮⣬һʯ׹ء
ħһӲŻع֮ǣδ˷˲Ӱηȥ
ƺǴء
ʱ
׹䣬Ħţϲָ·
ҲʱһƬռ䣬һЩ
ٹϢڼһЩɫɫɫĴأ֮¡
öħö࣬ȥЩԨ
вʿϢɿ˵
һṦ򣬴㣬Ӹ߿մǰһƬɫֺޱ޼ʣһЩ߷ټɭ֮С
ţ˲䷢Ŵ½ٶ𽥷ź¡һֺ֮УһЩ۶ϣ
ȿȣ
֮Уվμָڿ·뷲ûʲô
ĴﻯΪƯΧһΧ
ಣ
δͻȻһЩ׵磬̡ݵĴΧ
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ЩӴһ߶೤ɫһЩƣҲŷݣǾȻͷϳһֻСǡ
ֻСǣǲǻΪ׵״̬
ʲôɿ󶼲ʶ
ʲôţħɷɨȥ˺Ѱ˷
䣡
һЩֳӱħɷɱ飬һЩ׵Ҳ֮ʧ
̣

ţʵǿᣬնɱϰӣǾŵǣһЩӷЩһ׶೤׵֮ǰЩͨӣҪʮ
ҸطӦﻷ˵
Щ
ɲһ֮Ԩ;Ѫս
һ£ɿ֮Ӵܡ
Щ׵磬׷ɱ
ܿӱӵеʵļ˦һʱ󣬲һɽҸϿڲ
һϿȣɿ֮СϿȿϷʩչӡһ侳硣
СʵڻͼʵǼ֮УΪֲĴڣԻʵҲС֡
¡¡
ţһ£ôץʯڣ
ܿץһ
ˣڶǣΪ㻤桢ɿʯ
ҪһطϢ
桢СţɿţȻģĴͬһЩǿˣҲռˡ
£һұرҪڻۡ졢޼УǵҲ޷µĴڣҿǷ˱ԭλŮǰһ顭
һƯ˵УŴʮ侫صͼڣ̺ʱ䷨
Щƺ«ģ񱦺«޼УҵûָʵΪ޼
˲Ϣ֮зɳֱ
ȻͨԪԼĴ󲿷Ѫ
Ѫ֮зɳںϣͨԪҲüġ
ӡɽʯסɽ鱦ʯ㡢СԳѪǡ׷̫֮ۡǡѪͳͳصڡ
컹õ׷ۣ֮һȥһɱȡһУ컯žӣҲɱ䣬´ӷ絽ɽ磬Σա
һΣ֮УܵĵһΣǡ
üƤ˲Ѫѣ׷̳֣֮ʱһԶűη塣
ϧӡȱصڣͲܽ뵤֮С
˲ءزءضˣֱֻѪ֮Ǳء
ֻͨԪͷµԪֻҪԪһɣû⡣
ûһҪ޸زء˲ǲܵģ˲֮еĵΪû޷Ӵľٶ̫
纣ϣڵٶȣ״̬
ûɽϪϸȻ࣬ҲܳҪǰУܣһӣ޷ͻƵ
Ϊ˲ءزءأԼһǴ¡
ʿûĴڣȻʿ
ڸصڣܴһЩ֮ͨԪҲ԰ΧʯڣѪҲʼѪ⡢Ѫ֮зգǰ֮һҲȲϡ


2518 սҹǿߣϣ
ҲѾ㣬״̬ԽԽ
Ѫ֮УһûǰĹ켣ʼû
˲ءززڣ޷ھ
ǱԴﶼˣȻ޷ںϡ
ʮͨޣûһջֻ΢΢ָ
ʱ滹Ļ۱ͨࡢ½껡ԼСΣ޲뿪֮Ԩ
ڣµʱ䷨ҿԷ취Լһ
԰֮ƻָɣȫָɣȻ޷ء޸
ɶ񡭡ۡҵ;
ģ֮Уһ
κŬ޲ʿϡһУطʿĹ켣ӵЩ
õӺһƭһŵƷҩдôԴʱҲС
ָ˳ɣҪһʱƲȫָ
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ʯƤĤ֮£ѪԳѪʼᡣ
Ž֮ǰһЩȻ޷ܳѪ֮УҲкܴ
俿Լ޲һϣǿֱӡ
ָ֮Уֻص£
׽ܵ壬ͻȻƹӡ
ˣһ
ƹȴͻָɻʵ֮Ȼʧȥɣû֮ǡ
Ŀƹϳ֮Ժһ뷨
ᣡ
ħ۾ǿһξѪܸȻѪħԼħ⹦Īϵ
ԽѪħ˽⣬ħ۵ڷ磬ܸӦýѪħɡ̶ܶʱ
ħۣҲħȵĽѪħöɲƸԣ֮ѪУĸ죬ף
֮ǰƹӣֻص̻ͥեȡһʲƸ
˭֪֮Уû뵽ܶ˴İϣҾٴУ
һ˫Ŀ⣬ŷӡ󷨿ƹӣԣ·һѴڵȴ
ָٽƹӶᣬ֮ǰռɻʬ壬Ҳ뻪һսĴƹӣԹĺʱʵԼˡ
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ͻȻ뵽֮ǰ˵һ仰ַ״̬֮Ԩһӣܽɱ
ȷЩӿƾסţǶԣ޷޷߶ͨԼҪɱ׾١
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Сģɿ󱳣뿪ϿȣЩҲ׷
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ɳֺۣǰһɽ
ҸطϢ
˺ܿһɽڣҵһϿȣ֮Уǽ󷨡
ڴʱڣΧɽ塢ֲϸоһ
صڣ⣺֮ǴԨǰȥԨҪ治٣ͥҺ㹻ģһ·ɭ֣δκ֮ԨûκԴϧԴ
ΪǴû뵽
˿̣
ɽƲ֮УһžĴߣ
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2522 һһ£
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߲ϴڣκƵģҪ˲ذ
濴֮е˲أŷƿأʼΧѪ֮Уһİ룬Ѫ˺ڶ
˲ذֱӴѪ֮и˲ش˿̾һ޴ݣΪѪ֮Уһ
ˣѪ˺ѣڳѪѪ֮еһЩҲ˲ذѡ
һ˲أһҲΪˡ
ûκΪ֮
ѡһһѡ񣬵ȻѡУһ԰롣

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ÿ˶Լۣ˿ν־ɴܿһĥѣ˳̤۷壿
Ȼ治ȴűȻҪġ
ʱΪԼӣԸһУʹ࣬ҲıȻ
Ϊ˲ذ룬شѿʼѪ಻ԣûкһ˫壬ûһ˿ҡ
ȥһУͲη塢
֪뻪۵ǺУΪСջȥˡ
ȻųߡˣҲ
еʱᱻĳȡη壬ֱǰԳԽļޣӳ޷Ǳ
Ϊϴ裬ߵǱ
ΪԺܿ˲أˣʮߵ˲أŰ֮һ
ССӣĪż˲ذԽԽĺôϾںϣעδΪһǱʡţ˵δ꣬һ
߲ϡѵһЦ߱㻹ϣӵʵĴȥҵӾ
û˵ǰһߵߣľ⡣
Щǵƹǰ㣬ûһӶܳΪ
ˣһǿԼһΪ
ۣ
ȻһһѪ
ˣ
ʹࡢƣߴЦţ˫ַӡ֮УƯǴѪðѪ˲أ߱ķԼ󲿷
ģ˲رƿأ¸
̣
߽˲ؿƤֲϣҧƤ
˲ؿռ䳤ĵӣŽڣһĻܶѪһ˿˿ð˳
Сӣⲻ࣬ʹʱ̣ҲһӣΪʹʱ̣һأ԰ĵȥõһУΪʿϣԻ뿪֮Ԩɵʹ飬Ϊһڶ
߱ΪɵֻάЩͨûб˼ֻҪһ仰ܽҴ֮Ԩ޶Ҳڴˡ
֮ʼѪ˲شĸشҲֲ𵴣ΪʿҪ죬Ҫأһҽ»Ϊ棬ɵͻ
ಣ
˲һѪ䣬һĸ


2525 ֮
ʮ꣬˲زڽƯڵ֮У֮ǰƺõ֮С
£ʹʧ
˲ռ֮У̥ԪʯںĽ籣š
ߺۣѣ˵ҩ֮󣬼ʼزء
ʹ೬˲أ˭ĵط
߲һУʱʱҧʹ֨֨ĥ
֮УڲѪϡѪ⡢磬زѪɫռ䲻뿪һݻࡣ
඼ڻζ

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˫ִƤ֮£˳ƴϳһѪɫռ䣬һεѪ
ĵزء
ʵ̫֮࣬޷ָ۷ʵҲ٣һɻʶԣ̶ֳȵĵزأҲ޷ںϵġ
߲ʹ࣬ץסʱ԰׵Ѫ䡣
̣
ΣðѪ
ߵĵزأһţʹǴδйģ涼̲סҧסĥ
Ǭš컯ŵȴ޼졢桢ϡۡһ᰾ʿǶҵš

Ųȴֲʱĸܡ
ʮָץģĥ֨֨
ز֮У̣оԼţһ㱻֣ץƣǿͳһѪ
رǵزؽ̣ԣһδʹֱһδʹĻ
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ڣز˫ջأһѪزؾں֮У֮ǰǴռڡ
ռʱ˲ءزأʧҲ˵
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ѾûжɫĥСӳη̹Ȼ
һɻʿĥѣҲȵ
һЦȴǶ͡
˫ִԼԺ÷ʼء
üͷ˫ޡӶѪѣذ߶޷ء
Ҳǵһû뵽߾ʹ࣬һġ
̾ҲǸͬһ¡
Ϊ˲ءزظַĥرߴԺֻ̣ʱʱ鴤һЩ
һûԺѪ֮У̣ҲԺѪϡжϡ顣
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ʱٶ꣬߷˫֣һ㣬Цĺܿģڳɹڣ֮УˣѪ⡢Ѫϻ˲٣ҪȽڣںϣʱϴ豦ҺƷҩʱ䣬ܽã
Ҫʱ̡ʹʧܿ죬ϾΪҲ޷ȡ
ٿߣѪۿڲѪѷ·Ҫơ
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˲žžԼš
Χγһâһһ˵
ߴ߶һγɵ
ͣƤһα˺ѣѪ⣬ΪɫѪֱӴڲ˺Ѫ⣬Ƥ
ߵ˲ءزءضΪ룬ܵԵشٴΰһȻʹޱȡ
ץһУ·ǹŵİԵŽӺ䡣
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߸Ϊߣ˼첻Ұ֮ǰܾ綾ĥʧȥ˺ѽ߳ɣƿڡ
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žž
˭֪ҧƴѹš
ɻûţ飡
Ҫң߲ĵĿ죬˫ƤѾҪϡ
ɶ񣬲ܾҴ߶һֹĵ£ӳǰϣ

ʧܣǽǰĳɹˮһ飬Ҫ
磬һЩġ
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Χ߿Ƶһδ顢ըѡ
һ֮󣬻Ϊһ״̬Ȼ޵
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žžž
ʱܣ濴һ飬ֻܿţʱֻ뱣һЩ
ҪһֻҪһЩҲԣʱ취޲
ʱһ޷ҪԼںϣҪʱ޷


2526 Ѫѿ
йĵ¼ӳ֣һ˿˿ѹҲԺܿڡ
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ߡԣǹڳɰҪʱ̣ͻȻ
濴Ҳ޼£
Ŀᶨ޻ţ磬Źɽ磬һֹϵϹᴩɽ磿
Ϲҡҡͷ
˵Ī٣һߣȴ֮ʣһ·عⷵա
٣ҲһȻܺ棬Ϊ٣оƺ«Щ
æ磬ֽ٣Ϲһ֮д٣ɽ磡
ѵĴڣһߣ췢
Ȼڣû֪磬ƴپƺ«ƴٽĹӣ

˲䣬ŻȻ
ԭ˵ƴ٣ƺ«Ĺƺ«಻Ǵж棿
żĶ亹磬ҵСʱɽõϵĸ룬ȻȻѪѿҵںϣӵкʮʦ˵ʮ봫˵֮еĴʮ룬֮ͬʦңѪѿǴٵһ֣
Ѫѿ֮࣬ҲЩһͷˮ
СӣʶϡƺЩף˼ڴѪѿΪ߲ǵʱ֪˼
͵ͷҿ飬ڴѪѿޱЩںϣȻֻʮδʿкβף֮˶Ķ࣡
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ʦҲ˵ͬһ·˳ûвףƴĪϵ磬²˳٣Ѿ룡
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СӣһںϴѪѿǴ٣СӽõԹδй
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ѪѿָߣȴһЩ룬̫࣬ƺʮžǻ˵ʮ롣
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ڴʱѪѿںϵ˲䣬ʮѪѿγһѪɫ
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˵꣬Լľ뻯ΪâڵѪѿںϣ¸˲ءز֮䡣
Ϊ֮ǰռ䣬һֻʣʮѪѿ߽顣
Ѫѿʣµʮռ䣬һںϣҲϾƯռ䣬ʱδѪںϡ
ڡ˴룬Ҳڳˣ
ͻȻը飬Ѫֲ֮
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ɼ߲ľڸղŰ˲ءزءع֮УһδζشڽѪѣʱѪѪϼ״̬
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2527 г
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ߴʱͻȻþץס첲涼оǶ챻ץ顣
ʵŵԣһһһҪҹȳҵ½ֻҪȥȣûǸǰҲ޻˵һҪʵŵԣĿ
ǰģҵôϴСɣʣµԼɣھ½һᾡȫҹ޵УҲһԣ
ˣҲ֪ҹ˶ѣͽȳԸҪȫΪʵҹ´Ƕ֣ϣȥ֮ǳأ취ԷǱʣлȳҵӣ
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һһǡǡǡһǡгǡ㡢ֻȥǳأ֮ǻȥ
䣡
ͻȻһɣѪѵƤͻȻӿѪ
ȫԴݿͳͳѪΪһ⡢Ѫ
ۼ֤Ѫ޾޲Ϊ˸ֵþ壬ģֻҪпܾˣһȥҹ񣡡
پ棬̫дٻ
úٴãɲȼ򵥡
û£㽫Ѫѿңʮ㲻Ӱ𣿡
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һɻ󣬵½ʦ֣ߣ·Ϊʲô
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½ѣ컯һͽǵѣˣ
δԥԳɽ磬½ʦԼʦ֪ƺ«ʵ㽫«ɣֲǿ㣬ƺ«ǬУҾʦָ㡣

õֵĻشҲԤ֮С
΢΢һЦףƺ«ŶôҪ
Ŀǰֻ«һţһǬϣк«޼С
ٵõһ«ȻǷ
½ûߣǲƺ«гһǬУЩ˽һɵδԣֵһᡣ
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磬ѪѿǲںϺܾãҲδȫںϣԼɣҲ˵Ȼ棬ȴ޴֡
дѪѿұסλǰʮѰæĻָ
˵꣬źΧϴ֮¹ںƤ
һЩɵٿΧԴ˲ιϴ豦ҺƷҩֱӰҪȻǰءںʱ͵ʹϴ豦Һ
ÿ䣬׼ã׼ʼʽںϵ
֮ǰֻǽأֲڣδѪںϡ
Ҫ飬÷ӡ֮еءʼںϡ
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Ѫ״̬Ҳ֮ǰȥԪںϡ
һûбҪٰ⡣
ѪȼȲ״̬˿˿ˡ
ھѪƴָǾǳҪ
챣ʮ֮꣬ܿһԼѪ⣬ſʼӿɵ̥Ԫʯں϶ɵռ䡣
Ƿӡ˲أ潫ӡһںϡ⣬֮дѪ⣬ӿѪԼһѪ磬뾭
Ѫ͸ӡռ֮У̥ԪʯҲʼںϣһЩҲӿռڡ
ˣˣˣˣ
Ѫոսռ䣬˲ںϣ˲֮ϣ·Ҫų⡢顣
ǰԵ˲شڣɻҪںϣҲףֲ˵Ҫǧꡢʱ
ãںš
ڼҲڶô·öϴ豦Һ
ϴ豦Һ治̫˽⣬Ҳ֪֮һЩϡҺ֮ƶɡ
ֻһСΣ뵤֮У
ʱ·ڱӿ˲֮С
ѣھһЩδָ˲ںϾͱ
û뵽ϴ豦Һ֮պһֱ֣ӹ˲֮С
Ĳ֮ǰɹƷҩѾӵһЩ֮ʱƣ˲ڿʼԽϿٶȣںϡ


2528 ں
ڲں֮ߵռҲһڻ̺̥Ԫʯպð˲Ѫںϡ
ΪѪ״̬öɲںϵ˲ء
Ҳ֪˶꣬о̣ʱָʶ
ɹˣ
𺳿ŵ֮УһµγɣһԲκɿռ˲أƯڵҪ
ΧѪⲻپ˲ںţ˲ڵɾѪ֮С
ִѪ֮ӿ˲أƽʱ״̬һ֮УҪԼֻ
һϢڣøոںϵ˲أβںš
˲ںϣ
ѹŵľʯʧ
˲ںϣ۽ǶЩʪ
ϡһ飬ʿ;ҲֹһЩĵرԼ𣬷һЩⷨӣһӵء
ȴˣ
ߵԭҲĪĹϵ
ѹȥٶ꣬û뵽ں˲أȻҪ꣬ʱ˲أֻǸոںںϣ̫Ҫʱںϣǵزء
²˳٣Ҫһزںϡ
ںֻСɣҪںϣܳɹһʿ
ʶѪ֮ҵӡĵزռ䡣
ͬķȫ΢֮ʼزطӡռ䡣
ȷӡռһЩڻĵ̥ԪʯҲһںϡ
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Ѫ֮УһЩϸ緢˿Ѫ磬Ҳ֮еľ뾫Ѫʼһز֮С
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ʹ֮ǰʲôȫزؿʼӴóһСϴ豦Һز֮С
һöлɵˣϴ豦Һ˲ɻʣҴ˾˵ϴЧǵҩҪٱ
ϴ豦Һܹ࣬Ҳ۴С
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콥زطӡռȫȥزѪʼںϡ
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ǰ治֪˽һЩֻ֪ɽ磬Ϊ߼ڣʥ˴С
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ҲҹȻ߽ϣңҲңҾҪҹУ½ȳ
˫ȭ߬ڷ·һɽʱһ㡣
´֮У˲ءزءȻںϣرҪں״̬

֪
ԺΧƯ˵Ԫâ
ſۣϲԺ֮УγɣϤԪ
سɹˣ
ҵͨԪ񣬾ȻٶǵⶼȻҵԪȻﵽĸ߶ȣϧ绹ɻʣ˵߶ȵԪһ߶ĵ£ֱӴ߶Ԫ񣬾ѹκɻʣǵ֮µһˣ
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ںȥ˰꣬ںϣһǧ꣬Źȥ̶̵ʱˣ
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Ѫѿǰ̺޷ĹȻֻвָߣȴҪֲѪѿ泤ŵʮ룬ÿһҲ̺Ϥ


2529 ʮϣ
ף
Ѫѿ·ʮ룬һϲ
ԭѪѿĸϵһЩ֪ʲôʱʼںϣȻںϣζŴѪѿϿںϾͱ÷ǳס
Ϊ«Ĺϵ٣«ǴѪѿĺӣͬԴȻںϣƺ«ںǧ꣬ͳôѪѿںϣ
뵽á
ʼΪںϣһоգû뵽ʱѪѿںϡ
һ⣬з򣡡

ٴһӵƷӴֽ硢Ľ磬֪ÿʿҪ򣬾ǱһܳΪʿ
봩Ѫѿںϣֻʮط򣬱ۣȻʮ޷У¿ٶ֮һҲȲϡ
һ·ٴѹסһʯںϣһ޷˳С
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˭֪ӴںϴѪѿǸǻ
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˵壬Ѫ籾һĸ룬û뵽Ѫѿʮһɣоٿ
֮࣬Ҫһμ򵥵
ܷ˲ؽʮٽزء֮С
ʱءںϣΪƣ״̬ƻҪܳʱںϣܴﵽ״̬ոͻһ
һ£˲֮У˲ʮһɽһС뿪˲ء
뿪˲֮УһʮѪѿ֮С
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֤ϻδںϣ޷֮гʱ͸ʧ
ںϣʮ״̬ЧǳãҾǧʱ䣬봩ʮȻںϡ
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˯ȥ֮ǰϴ豦ҺϣԼѪѿԼѪ֮У
¼˲ιԼҩ
ڵƷҩʱҪţԺá
˯˹ȥڵıҺ˲ιҩԴȻںϡ
ʱģ׾Թ϶
˯֮е棬ٴһЩϢƣѹʱָһ㣬Ȼȥһǧꡣ
Ȼ˯ǧ֮꣬ǰϴǧꡣ
ǧ꣬ʱһ㣬Ҳ͹ȥӡ


2530 ʮ£
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æһ
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˯̤ʵ
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ҲһɣȻѪѿɱ䣬û⣬һ޳ͻ
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֮Ԩ⴦ԨȽǰȥԨֻȻȲɽḻ
ʱ俪ʼڤޣ÷š

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ʮɹںϣѪѿΧѪ໯Ϊ״ӵԺѪ֮УѪ봩Ѫѿںϡ
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仯ҲǷǳԵģɱɸ״ڲռȻѪ֮УδɱҪҸ뾭ļ̶̳ȣҲ
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仯֮󣬶ԼоİһʱЩԽܣһ
˭һ
ںϴѪѿ˾ɱ䣬أõľĪҲᷢ޴仯
ĥãʼҪ׼
ǧĻָϴΪľ

߶־Ѫ֮УѪζ
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ʮҲԣһйƶǴѪѿԭϾȻдһĴڣ
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տʼ߶־ȫ޷ϰߣӦһжȻ
ϾǧδǰһʽЩ裬ʮӦ


2531 
ٶԽԽ죬ھһʱںϣʼʮȻӿںϵĸѪ֮С
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ڻ˹泩ޱȡ
ٻعٶȥϴָ״̬ȥǧꡣ
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ҲӷŷѪ뵽Լǧ꣬Խܡ
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Ϊ־̻ֿʼͬʱֻ̫ؾ
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֮Ѫħ꣬ѳ
ֻϣ˲֮󣬾Ѫڷ֮С
Ϊع飬ϤѪٴδΪ𻢡Գ
֮ԪҲڲϻָ֮ǰԪաںϡ
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Ϊֻ̫ؾȫֻ˲ΧγһȦֵ޹Ȧ
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ϴ֮ǰ޷Ѫָ״̬£ùעѪѪȻʼγɡ
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ԪĻָ𺳿ϡʮΧѪڲȻ󲿷ֶΪѪɫ롣
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ӡɽʯסɽʯ۵ǡ̫ǡ׷֮ۡԳѪǣͳͳص֮С
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Ҳһһص
̫ˣΪǡԼԳѪںٶȣڼӿ죡
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ŲϾУ
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ֻ뿪֮ǵͷ
Ϊࡢ½껡ߡ۱С
Իۣһ楣СӲù
ȡ֮ΧصУʼѰǳء

ۣ
γɵֺ
һͷޱһͷ˲
׷ۣ֮һϵ쳣磬ϵͨȻһͷޣҲɻ۷ʵ
ޱɱ


2532 կ
磬ʵ̫̬ˣɻʾɻ۷ʵϰǿֶΣǼΪ𺳡
ֻͫĶϴ󣬸ղҸоһˣžǵǰ
Ѱһʱ䣬δǳأҲ֪֮ж󡭡
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ǽڿɽ֮䣬һأһԲͰĳկģһСģҲϡ
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2533 з
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̫ᣬ֮ǣԼɵ˲˽⣬ǵɵ˵ˣûбĻһ֮ǣԶͱȥ౻ܻ꣬ųȥˣֻЩ󱳾Ǭš컯šԪЩӣ꣬Բ԰׷޷
ŭӳβӹԼΡ
бǿԵ꣬Ҫ֮ǻɲ򵥣ȥԨѰסǾʿԨǸ֪Ϣվȥ
뿪ԺУͻȻ񷣺ܳȥһҪıЩѪծѪ

λСֵܣǣ
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Ԩָǰһʯݣһʯݹƾ˴ӴԺ
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潥˽⵽֮Ƿ棬֮Ԩ࣬ԭסȻԭסܶ࣬ǿߣȴΪҲǱɵ˴֮ԨΪ
Ҳԭ


2534 ֮Ԩ
Ǵ֮ǵˣ󲿷ֶԵΪ֮Ԩζŵʵ
ԭסӦһɺǿԭסҲЩ֮Ԩ޷ȥˣ֮࣬ԨһԶֻ֮Ԩ
֮ԨϾɽ磬ûôĵرԭסǿҲ٣дԴԳΪ˸Ĵڡ
Ҳ˵֮ԨԴϡ٣ʽ׷Ҳ࣬۽׷Ǵɽ紫ģһЩ֮ԨǿߣɽЯ
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֮֮ԨȻнΪϢ֮вʣҲӰԭס½ǿߡ
λΪϴĵΪ֮ԨУ޷һЩɳö֮жѪ⡢
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2535 ɻ
׷֮Ҳüͻ֮׷֮ͷһ˿˿ɫ׵߳屼ߡ
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׷֮ΪͻƣҲüѪ֮вҲΪͻƣʵѪǿе˷ܡ
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Ѫ⡢Ҳ֮УࡢֹǣԼǵѪǣ֮ͷŴ˵ĹոµѪںϡ
Ѫѿǲ֮Ӱ죬ڼ̩ɽ٣̫뾡취뿪֮ԨһҪȥɽ磬ȷٵܣ
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ˣҪȥгǣ
ԭʼļŵֺУ
Ԩ漴ȥгǣƺЩҪ˵
ףҪѰ뿪֮ԨӣгǡǼȻ֮ԨΨһǳأǿߣȻ֮Ԩ˽⣡


2541 г
ԨһԹֻɵӭӣ˲뿪֮Ԩû˿Գȥпֲӡ磬ҹ־磬Ҳ޷飡
ܻзӣֻûҵˣѵҲ֮ԨˣšɵӣзǿߣսʲôֻҪҲгһЩϢУ
ˣгǵĻκԭס񶼿ԽȥֻеõկɵݣƲܽȥҪկƼ
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˼гǿʲô
гǿǡ񡯣ҲСֻеſܼгǡƿصĵ̣


ƺܲųƵˣܼ
Ż꣬ǵĳԼһЩʿȹ꣬г֮ǰвгǣ´ȨŸ֣гԲΪһǿߣڳڶԼĶ֮кܶǿͶһʮ֮Ϊĵλڳ֮¡
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λϷضضϷǿ߲Ҫ˽֮Ԩ뿪ֻ߲㽨ϵ֪֮Ԩ
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ٿֵǱȷݻһЩЩñʯʯɣ¥̵ҲС


2542 縮
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ˣҲȽϳҩǳϡ٣⣬̵껹˲ι
ʱֵǰһĸۡˣ;һЩ˺ҿۡ
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㡭
Ԩһκһۣ
κһ۲䲻ȣȻƫԣѳΪͬӪ


2543 
Կ⣿
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˹֪֮Ԩ벻ʶ࣬ҲûǰǹɰУΪҳΪߵĹˣԸΪԵȻҲ֪ûԨվȫԨ
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Ҳ˵ҽԾ͵һӴˣ˵ԺΪҪһδΣڴ˸ϣֲһɻ㻹ǵ͸ڴ˸ϣ˾Ҫһ˵˸ۡģǴ˸ۡҺȥδӣҲôɣ
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һʼսҲչԼʵΪЧκһ۸Ͻ˵


2544 ֻһ
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ȻֻֻҪһС
κһ۴ʱҲЦŲҰܵԣͰͣз·ˮˣͷŽʧȥ֪


2545 縮
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2546 㻹û
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ʯ˻ܸˣɾ쿴ˣһ裺мλֵʧҲȥңµˣҪҪʬ˭ɱǵˣҪشۣ
·ڳÿΧ
ˣɾĪǲ֪ɱˣκһ۱Ȼ֪ңΪβ߿ɾ
˭ɱǿߣ
ڳκһˣڲ²䡣
Ψ汣ֳĬκˣоǳ
УҲ˵磬ԨûϢ䲻δ֪һΪɰйҪ㣬֪󣬱ɾ㱨˵ɵ֮ɱ㣬ɾƺûʲô쳣
һԨͲӰɾδ֮Լˡ
ĪԼ̫ģ̫ӣһſɾ֪顣
棬ӽ쿪ʼѰѲͲȥˣһרŽ죡
֮ǰɾվһ棬תȥ
˶棬ƶû뵽ΪһˣɾȻ⿴ء
Ϊʲô
գ
㷲һҹҲ֮ʵֽߡ֡ʱʱ̿ںϡ
һ棬ǿɾѾߣ


2552 з
ûڸۡϢѾ뿪ۡ縮
ˣɾŴˣ¶һ֪ʵȭ
Ǹͨƣɳ븮ۡǳأΪ˰£ӴṆ̀ɾº͵˵
̬쳣һ࣬ƺ֮Ǻ֪
Ϊ̫ŲѰ
ϰ£ͻȻһ衣
⣬κһ۵ĹϵɾȻ֪һЩ飬㲻֪ҲŹ
ȴǰһ֪֮Ȼƽ޹ʣְλѵ³Ѱ
ɾóһƣһ֣ȥ̻ᣬڵĵӣȥ̻ȡأ
ǣ
ȥߣ뿪ۡ
Сӹֿ˻Ϊ̣ΪЧ
ֻɾ߳Ժ䣬֣°ͣĪһЦҲΪӦöٲҵ⣬һǲ֪ɱԼˡгǿɲɽ磬ֻ죬㣬µˮ©ڶ֮ǰ˿˿

ˣҾйϵȥռҪĶϧûʲôջ񣡡
̻ᣡ
ڷ䵥棡
̻ضƿأֳƣҲ̻ˣû˻ߵкĿġ
ǰ¿ˮûҵ֮Ԩйصκϡ
лǰˣϣǰңǴˣ˰װȣóôߡ
ָˣȥʱͻȻǰһԪʵһջ񣡡
Ŷֹ֮Ŷ䡣
ܸӦһֲżԪҴһλǵ֣鵤Ϊһڲӵ֮ǵͼ˵ĿǰΪֹֻԼЩǿߡʿеͼͼ¼֮Ǵ󲿷꣬ܵõǵͼȻ˽κεطϧͼغͷ֮ԨͳҪõǲܵģҵͼܣһȥж֪Ҫڣ
֮Ԩͼ
ǹ˸Ȼ֮Ԩĵͼڡ
Ҳ֮ԨԨޱȸӣȻˣ˲ȥðգ̤һЩδ֪Ȼ˼¼
ͼޱʲôԴ㣬Ȼ¼ڵͼ֮Уͼյͼ͵Ƭ
λ˵һλСĽͼϢͱĨɱԿˣͼҲ㣬;øҲûãǶĪȥˣö
֪Լ˵̫ˣڵͼܡ
ǳƿ֮Ԩֶ֮һ

縮

̤븮Уû뵽ϤԺУͼۡ
룬ǿɾչѰȼ
縮ֶˡ
ɫһΪԷǵз磬Լ
ˣǿܿɳһطھضõͣҲҲСλӴĵչѰơ
Ҳ׷׾ٱ
ɾžƣЦαطھȥλƳƷǶҲֵܷһǼʽ׷
˵
ٱʾ⣬Ȼз磺ϵܣȥʱ䣬ҵ½ͽ䣿Ҫ˻Ҫʬʱ֮ǰƭһ۽׷£Ҳ޷ڶֻҾ׽½룡
½룿ϴλǰ
ԺУʵȵȴ棬һ͵һ
½ʵͶҹҪҵɲףһʱҲûϢз˵
ЦЦָĨĨڣžͺãܽ½ץҵҶȻƼ㣡
ǲǡԨһͬʧ棿ͻȻһ·ѹ

Ȼ㣡зҲ⿴֮е档
һԱǴپ˼ܲов
ڿɾʱվλǿ˵˵ЦЦ
ĪǿɾڰңϣĪ֪½ߣ˻ɣз磬ӵڷ֪ݣȴҲûж֣˵ͬŵ˲
һʱصԺ䣬Ҳʼɢȥ
棬Ϊ֮
зҪطǣ뿪֮ǰз簵дƺлҪ˵ʼûٶ˵һ֡
Ǹδ˵뿪֮ǰȴһɭɭ⡣
潫̻ȡĶɾ뿪縮
û뵽Сܻ̣ɾУóɽԴֺÿɾܲ³ɾ֪ݣ֪ո½磬ҶԿɾ˽⣬ػɱڣ
һڽֵ֮УøӦӰУ縮뿪ֻصһۡ档



2553 
һ֮һҾ¥ԺƾƣȻ̰Цû뵽ǣȴһջ񡭡
ֹ֪ȥ£Ϊִ֮ˣһЩʱҲˡ
ϧ޷ҵй֮ԨͼϢżСҲŻصɽ磬ͻƵϹ
磬Ҳ̫࣬Լ̫󸺵
һ죬뿪縮ŻִҪȥĺ
Ȼǿɾŵ
֪ʲô֪֮ԨĿֲǰҾһֱ˵֮Ԩܴ뿪˺٣һܳȥ
ȥ
ʱŲɣԽżҵüӿ첽ΪΣһмҵͼ˽֮Ԩʱ취뿪ңͷӬ
ϲֵܣ֮ʣõ࣬һϳ棬ֵ֪Ϊ̣Ҵ⡣
£ӡ󻹲ٴ˱ԡκһֱд˲ɡ
ϧҲߣѰһᣬԶֻܵͨˡ
ʮֺһΪĹŵѰɻٶնС
ϴ󡭡
ԪȻڴ
һ飬ͫ͵ЦЦ
ಣ
ǰһԨӹȻǸӡ
ȻһӰԾԳԽ˵ٶȣӰղâŵͻȻ٣ս˽ס
ͬʱԽ٣˲ϢΧǧ׸֡
˲Ϣǧ
Сӣ
һɣ桢޷ӦϢϵѹ˲Ϣء
Ӱ˲ϢϷһڼɿлΪʵ
һںһλˣ񣺡
Ǻ⣿ͬΪԾ棬զ
Χһ£ڿʱʱ𵴣ֲ֮
ԵһɨĿϣû뵽ԨгǣͶҵȻΪͻȻʧȥټǱɱԽǣгѰҿɽˣֺÿɾǸɽԴ
ûǰ˵½˵ݣʱŶ֣洦ķʡ
һɻʣأȴڱǰֻɻʣڱǰװ⣿Ҳ£óɽԴһһҪԱǸСӣ˵꣬۽ǹ𼸵ơ
̣Ҷ֣֪㽫֮أɾҲĲ㣡
ǣ˲ٺôǣҲΪ̣޿֣õԴҿ뿪ǣȥͶֻҪб޷ڲг㣿ϢϢ֮ԴҾɱ㣡
Ϣ
һϢ
һָͷһ߰ͷ·ף
зǸˣ֮ǣĴֻһˣ˶̫̰ûк³ΪƾһۣܳԵҲɣ޿ֵվ
벻ף˵ز򾲵ԭһͫνзΪضЧܶ꣬δͣȴⱲӲԺȣ겻ðգҲͬ־ڴˣδҪΪˣǶ
ڶϢ
ڶָͷ
Ҫ˲Ϣ
߳һ󣺡ҿзѵúͿҲǿԼж֣ʶԼЦ󣬶Ŀǳ̰ɣ޳֮ˣк³
̰ɣ֮ԨҲкüˣ棬֪淨Ϊз硢ضֶܸɾСӣзɱˣ޷ģϢ
һɲǣָͷ
㿴űǣҲҪϾʩչ𵴣ʵڲоǿڵ۽׷ɽ壡
潻һ
ģ磡ȻʵģäĿţЩ
ϰĶ֮ͽ󱬣
ŭˣ
һһɵۣɻʲӣ
˫һӣǧһ㣬ץһƣΧһֻ֡
·վ֮УΧֿʼһ߬סƺҪһֻ
飡
޷ƶ֮ƣҪѪ
¡¡
ⲻ֪
·֮ʣٴƣһεƣոճֲ֣ײ飬ǵ
ɰԵΪϢܽǣƾ򿹺⡣
ΧΪԵѹȴǰ飬ƵһЦڲг⣬һ·иһ̣Ҿ֪Ĵڣ͵ҳ֣


2554 ն۾
Ż˰ˣڱȻĳַ̫ˣЩ½ˣڳУû뵽Ҽ©δҾһ
˫ֽӡϷΧץһֻӡһοͨɲ֮ǰ
̲סЦ㲻һһɵ𣿵ʲôΪҿܣɾչѰǱǾͲ֪ˣӣ
һɵۣҲһɻǿٱҲɻʼ죬һ֮У

Ե֮ټ֮·ӡ֮ϣӡԴݿ֮ɱ
ӡ
ûд⣬ȫһƣ̫Ե˫ֻӶԼԼ㡣
һɫƾ˫ĳ˲Ϸǵӡɱȥ
أ
һһɻʣ֮жɽײû뵽ը
¡
ӡ˫˫ըһͬʱΧǧҲΪƾը˲顣
ۣ
飬еĻȻܵӰ죬浹û£ǻȴͻһѪ
ಣ
һɲǣʩչ֮ȫͷţһԾƬһһײ顣
Ȼû뵽ʵҲкܴģɱ;ˣܣѵɻʣΪǿҵ
˲֪ɱ棬ֻ΢΢Ц
һ飬Ϊҫâɱһڻʽɽ
ȫˣʽ׷Ʒָ̫ͨһһӰǱĵȥ
һ޴񣬾ȻǵϷγɡ

һ𾪵Ĳҽ
¡¡
˲Ϣеƣǹ˲飬һ㣬߹ޱΪƬ
ۣ
ǵ֮Уʧȥƽ⣬һͷأ϶Ѫۡ
һЩƬ׹£ǷɽƬ
СûˣȻûʧʵպܴ߶նɱٶԸһû⣡浭һЦֻΪָССصġ
㡢㡢ɱҡӰ֮߹ԷһϢġ
ѣ磬ͻưɻʣʵ˰Եٴζϻۣһնɱ·ЩҲԶԶĶ֣
һɵۣɱаյģϧûǸᣡ
ۣ·棿
ͷһ˿˿ʶȴ֪˵ʲô
Ȼһᣬ涯֣ڴˡ
ҵȴڳɵ۾Ҿɵ۾͸һˣʬû˿ݣȻ֮ǰ򶨡
һжδƵģ˼ִ
ˣֿٻصǳء
նɱ֮󣬰ĿǰҪģĿǰòϣϾ½봫еĵǴҪġ
ڣ
ݣ
ݣ
ȻֵͷӿҲвٰա
ڴʱ֮£һƥ۵ĿͻȻһֵ񱼶
ۿһŮ᲻ȴֳֳޣΧһ衢ͳ顣
һȺٹŮԦۿó޳ţʱʱ
һͲͨգ
ۣ
ܶ˶Ǳӳɣͱ֮ɡ
ͻȻһͷٶ̫ۿȴ˫ŹǦһʹ
գ۱̤һ֮Ȼ˺أϡﻩ
֪ūŮɨһۣûһ˿ûڣһ˿ɫ
ء
õڴʱһ˾СŮͻȻܿϮȺ·š
ʱƥۿŮϮҪŮϡ
ߣ
Ů£Ů졣

һӰһͻȻٶ֮죬ںܶŮҪ֮ʣȻŮ档
ǽŮֻһأһۿ·ײһ֮˲䱻Ʒ
ϵŮҲû뵽˸Ұ·ɱһ֣ϧ˭ʧȥģݺڵ档
ŮǱճˮƬؤһʹϥǣҲײˣһֱû
磡
Ⱥ֮˸ߺ
ء
СŮڼʹ࣬ӷ·ϣŸĸŲš
磬СŮû°ɣŵس鴤ҪĺۿֿһŮӣߡ
ʶŮ򣺡Һóּʱʲôһۼףֲɻ
ɿٿҪĺۿӦǴ˵֮УֻһЩԨеġѰĶ࣬һۼΪ⣬Ե綾л

ͷײƣôҲû뵽ײˣԼЦͣ


2555 ľ
ǡ
ͻȻ
һߵǰ
ˣǿֻд︮ۡУ
ǰǼ군ˣ
ԭŮڻعӼһȳһ桢СŮֻͫɱ⡣
ŮŶǸɻʣΪ磬Ϣܾû
Ůǰ˲Ϣ͸һ棬ÿžžգǸҹ£ҳһǧӣСʹ󷢴ȱһ
һǧӣ
Ǵ󷢴ȱ
ֳһƬţȻ꣬Լļٺ
ȵѾͷƬӣͲ󣬸Сү˵һ·񱼹üˣ㺦ȣ󷢴ȱҿǶħ
ǣǵңڱСǰЩƽ񣬾ݽûʲôȻǡҲǣŮΧŭֻעǰһһ
沪ȻһŭΪģΪϣǵݽ棿أĪףʸ˵ɣ
Ůҳ߹ϵˣƽµ˶ǣһûʸǵǲݽ棬ʲô
ŮҲʮ꣬ȴŮûʲôͬǣüСȵΣʮһСӡ
磬ҡҲ
ڴʱͷСŮƴ§סĸ첲ݵӲͣ
ಣ
ͻȻһ󼲷Ůӣֻصһࡣ
ž
Ŀ£ŮϾȻһӡŮԼûӦԸͷ
ﶯ֣ϷմһŮϵ㣬Ůһƽˣ
ҴңСû˻Ҵң
Ůգ˻ߣۿתգ㡢㲻úҪǧУ
ಣ
ֿԭʧһ㣬գֻۣصԭء
ž
Ůգһʺİӡ¡
ľ㣬һƣΪղЩ޹еˣһѰ£һЦ
Ůίַ棺㡢㡢Ҫж˿飬ҪЩ˶ɱһ
ಣ
ˡһЩٴοԭʧ

ŮʶһҪʲô˫ۡ
ž
Ȼɺİӡֶ˼ָӡ
صԭأһһСŮģӶŹҴ㲻ԩɣ
ǶЩҪŮ£ּɵ档
㻹ǲģͷԣ汾ȥϾǵһδŮˡ
ǴһŮЩⲻȥ
֪Ů֪ڸģû취Ϳһۻ
һϡо͵ų֡

ߣҿɲǣŮӾɻ볤ں糤硣
䣡
˲ϢӰ
Ůֱײ飬Ůǰ³ͷ
㡭
ŮĵˣһľҪˤ
ȴһŮһְ࣬о֡Ϸ
ŮæסΣĹĵŻңСģңҾͽе
𣿡
ŮһƺţҪԷһ
֪
һŮһ࣬һͻͷһβ㽫ͷĨŮϸס۵Ĳ
㡭Ůٴαĵˡ
·ԣղƣֻߣһ̣һδ衢Ϸǲߣɱڣָоȫڣθ﷭
ˣǵСүлүүԺүүҪƵߣȻһΣһΣ
ٶȡʵȻһٶŮͻͷʱŮм֮·ëһء
Ȼһｵһﰡ
ž
һŮƨϣ
ܶ˶Цˡ
һγ֣ڳ˺ôЦ
ǲŮӣȻŮСһƣɼСλڻζɼŮĶ
⡢⡭
һ˫Ҳֱˣ
Լֺݣû뵽ݣŮô󣬻ǵһα˴ƨɰɣ
ϽߣӦò򵥣鷳ߣԸɫʧ֮С
ҪҪǧУǸëͷСӣҡҴС㡭
ץǣȲҪСҪ裬ĥ
һת۹򣬵Ůŭ֮лﻹ桢Ӱӣ

ضؽ磡
ƺû׷
汧СŮһֵŮѰ
Χ죬ЦǺǵƨС£ĸû̺ãǺúỵ́磬δܴܲɣ
ע滳еСŮ
ҸĸˣǱ˻ģΪȥַ˼ҿ˵ľͱԱͱ˫˫Һˣλ磬Ҫǣͷߣ
û뵽СŮ˵һһ


2556 Ǵ鷳
ɼССͣ߰ӣܶĥѡ
СŮҪ滳µأҲҺܿ˷ȥ˫ۣͯūȥ˼ҵͯϱ
Ҳͦõģܷԣܵط˯
֮תĬĬֽǡ
һĻЩֲμĺӣ
֮Ԩɽ磬עһˣǵɣȻҲֹȥֻм
һۣ磬ܲ
򣺡У
ಣ
յͷû˵꣬滳һ˲һӰ
ԭСŮֽ§沱ӣץס֣λǴӦͮɲƤ
Ȧһᣬ޲ʰŮôѾͷ
ҲûϵС˹飬ͷˣһͳ
СѾͷ˰֣̾ҶϵˡԭͮãȻǣԵ֣طȽ㰲ã㲻ʱʱ̸̿ߣ
磬ڲгƺʶʲôˣ
һ
˼һ󣬻һ̻ᡣ
ˣıǣҪˣСѾͷ˾飬ѧٶԺ󳤴£Ը̻Ӵиõǰ̣
ԭ̻ͮᣬ˰æ
һ֪治򵥣ͬΪЧͮϰʹӦͮ
ͮúøүүЩʱǻ㣡ǰͮиһЩô
֪߽䲻ǵǰҲǾɻʣϧ޷
ض̻ᣬ𣬵ھضһܼңܼͬң̻ܵˡ
ԭضеλٱȿɾչѰֵݡ
ȻҲϹèӣ֮ǰ֪ݣͬʱҲܶٿΪضЧ̻ᣬʵҲ޷̵ٺôҾ˵Լһ˿ţһٶˣܲס
뿪ʱͮһֱ׷ŴŲͣ˱Ӱþòߡ
߱ͮصݣΪضЧ̣Ժܶ࣬磡
үүԺһúչģʰʰӣܻͮ飬ҲСкܴϵ
̿ʼɻƷ롣

С㣬ûҵˣ
ụ̂ɻʣ
гǣһ̣
һ縮ĸۡڲʹռʮĶټĲгǣָּۡ
һԺڣһµŮվŲŵò֨Ѿߡ
̹ŮǰЩ˶£Ҳɻʡ
Ůҧ촽ֱţǳȥٸңҲǸϵģҲȥң˭ҵҸԪһʽ׷ɽڵҲҪҳ
̼æȥ
Ѭ˸Ҵ㣿
ʱ˽֮ͬǰȻҲΣһǳԽɻʵĵ
и꣬쵽ʮӣϢҲǵᣬһӢܡ
Ů꣬æȥСί˽ӻ磬ҪΪѽ
ӿԼӣǶħԸ񣬴ӲԿβ֪ײĸ֪ļһҶӳ֡
οŮӴſЦݣģҶ˵ˣȻ˸ҴüūȥңƶʱҲʱһջ񣡡
Ҫҵ
˼֪㲻㻹˭һ·ϴҡڵȥץ
ҲܣŮͣ
ΪʱҲݣ֪ݣȻ£ҷ
ӿΪ̵ۣǸ˵㣬Ҫʱ̣֮ԨܳΪɻʣһ޷̤ΪѬԺû˸۸ˣ㻹һˣ
еɼ͹ŪĲԴʱߣ
úãҼѬģˣȽ˵ʵʱȥʰһ
˰οһֱŮӰЦЦ
˵Χڸ֡˼ħС㡯ʵҲǰңȻʱˣͻᶯɱ˵ħŮ
뿪֮һȡ
ʱһ֣߳һЩ춾ơħƣһħʿ
ӶһɨѬ£һʱ䣬ȥжţҳ۵ļһ
ģ²гʮ۸ӣҲ˾С㴦ã
˹뿪ȡ

ʱ󣬼ҴҶ
̻ᣡ
ǰ
ִ񣬾̻ᡣ
˵ͷǾͽԺ
硢Ƹ磡Ժŵҩ㣬ֻѾһʮµİŮҩݡ
Ůһˣˮ˷ܳӺܾûмĸ˹


2557 ͨͮ
Ժ£ͮ裬淢ͮʮģʮŮֳ࣬ͮˣһʱ㣬һβͬһΣ
ͮͶ룬ֳ°ͣڷȻĿ죬ҲĸߣԺҪƯ
ҲʣＸ꣬Ӧ
үүҺܺãҺܶ£Ҳƴңֻǲܸλ磬ϾүүԼһˣؼ壬Ҿһģͮ죬ɷǿɰ
͵͵óһɵͮϽ£Ҳû취취һߣ
ͮ⼸꣬пǵõٵҩ
ȻͮҲ̻˽⵽ԴҪԣ̷Ҷκ˵

̶̼ͮ꣬ɱ縻С㣬Ȼ밵ɵҩֲϵ
ͻȻʵͮѧͦãУΪкôԺ⣬ٻԱֶΣ
ͮ۾Ծ棬Խүү˵в˶ԣм塢бв
һԵͮģɽһɻţܻܵ
ɽһţƺͮһӻû׹ɽǲָ֮Ԩ
ͮȻҾʹһ׹ȿʣɽˣ壡
÷ԸӦ͸ͮڡ
ģͮزء˲ءأҲһ˿˿һƬͨʿ֮Ĳͬ
ʿùٵӻռ侻ʡϴ
ͮôֻһһЩעϾҪأ
һһֻͮһһֱӴ˲ӵزءӵأ·С

һͷˮҲͷŸӦ
磡
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ڴϣ֮Ϊ츳츳ͨʿϣ֮Ϊ塢챦塣

ͨ壿
СѾͷϣ磬ͮӵͨ壬尡Ժɴٳע츳ܶǿߡţǸʣǵõеĵӣͮУδ޷󣡡ô˵
氵ʣҲ˵ͮǾʣоδһΪˣ
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·Щţ
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ڴˣ沢δԷͣϾͽԪཻ֮ͮ㲻ܸκˣүүĺöҲܱ֪׸˵𣿡
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ͮ˼Ƕôпᣬȴ
ͮСԴ淢ָõģͮ飬Сʵļ
ͮʲôã
֮ǰԺһŹ
ѪħҲħһܸͮ
־ȻҲУҪ
Сǧǧʱ
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ǬŵĶǬȻһ׹ŹеģŹɽ磬ҲһһĴڣ룬ͮ鷳
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ڹ٣˵ǳ࣡
ͮʵܺѡ񣬵ܴͮ󣬱Ͼÿ˶塣
ȻͮӵԽ͵ӳ
ԹҪģ
ʣ־Сǧǧʱ⣬ֻ̫ؾΪ
ʥˣ˻ʣҲʥĹ󲿷ֹǳ˽ƪ
ݣ
һģջΪֻ̫ؾķֱֲͮ΢Ԫ֮С
ͮŹ˭Ҳܸߣ
ͮоȻ²нֹһᣬóһö䡣
ͮںϣͲڣ潻ƷɵԼ̺ĵҩɲһ̷޷ҩƷɵһţǵҩҪһһţǰҪŽ׶Σס˵Щ


2558 ־ƺȵؤ
ͮ͹Ĺĵģͷ磬ͮһĻһģܶ˵ֻѭ򽥽Ϊܶ˻ꡢʮꡢ꣬ôãеʱһҪ̻үүѧϰ֪ܶʶ
СѾͷԣ̲סٽ

ۡ
硭
̻ȴ氵нס
濴ΧһŲΪֻ̫ؾȸŹŹǳؽǬŵĶǬ
ǬŹĴڣ۾Ȳ洫ڹ
֮ǰͮʱ뵽
Ҳ뵽ͨ½껡ѣӾ·Щ޷ǵһĻĻ治Լǿ󣬻ҲҪǿ
ǸıһеĸžŹҲ޷ֻ̫ؾһȣҲŹҲǴֻ̫ؾɽƪġ
磬
õģһͷ뷿䣬ʩչ翪ʼ

һ
̻ᣡ
Ժ֮Уһͮ죬ʵڰøӦ鿴ͮ仯
ͮʼֻ̫ؾŹԼΪû뵽֮ǰֻһһ깦ھӵһ
ֻһ꣬ͮѾһ磬
ǡ
ֻ̫ؾ̶ʱܿٳһҲˡ
츳̫
·ɽ˶
ȴοЦͮͲʲôֻҪһʱ䣬ܽãܱ
ͮΧ濴һ㵭Ĺϼ⣬·âĲӰ
ϼƣƯͮΧޱϤֻصû뵽ֻ̫ͮؾӵֻص
ֻصֻ̫ؾı־ӵֻصҲζŴӴˣϹʥһ֮·
ͮҲøӦһֱԼʵ磬Ȧƻεʲô
ֻصֻֻ̫ؾĴڣͮüԺĳɾͣҪˣٸ൤ҩ
ջ֮ǰҲûаգֻ̫ͮܽؾ˾˵ٶա
ͮöŻصۡ
û뵽ջ˵ҪͻƵˡ
ԭֻ֪̫ؾԵʣ֮УҲ˳ֻص
Ԫ˷˵磬ֻ֪̫ؾкεȿֲ֮ΪֻʮٶȱǰҵҸط׼ɽ٣
ãɻ۷壡

ͻƵΪһɵۣӵһΪ츳ʱԸѰ⣬֮Ԩԣ޷ġ
ϴҲҪ׼ʽɽ٣׶ΣۣΪۣҲɽ֮УĴڣ
û뵽˷ܵǣ֮桢СţɿΪﵽ۷塣
Ҫͻ۾磡
۾˵ƣֲȫͬ
࣬ÿͻ֮󣬶Ҫɽ٣Ҫֻ٣һ֮ʱ򣬾ëϴ衣
ʵǻΣѿǻΪΣҪɽ٣
оǽۣ
ĴﱾʵһɵΪͻ֮ʵȫѹɵ۰ɣ
ϢסѰһᣬ뿪гǣȥҵطҶɽ١

ҲɺϣΪ̲֪ʮ꣡
һ죬Ѿߴȥ縮
縮ͼκһ۵ȺüɻҲڵȴ
ȥţҪȥһˣɾһ仰´뿪縮
֪ûлᣬڳ⣬Ҿܶɽˣ
뿪縮֮κһ۵ˣȻ桢Ϊ顣
ȥڳɽ١
һ㣬Ҳò׼лᣬһȡʱ䣬Ĵɽ١
⣡
ȣ
պмҾ¥κһ۵˼һһȾˡ
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ү£С㹷
һؤڼֳԵģȴκһ۵һϡ
СһھƺȺȣ
ؤĥһƤӣûֵôκһ۵ϼš
桢
˼ȥȱǣƺֱӸؤ

ؤƺʹڡࡣ
գۼ䣬ؤƺǰλΣҡȡ
ٸǮ߲֪Ҫȿɾʲôʱǡʱ䣬Ҳûؤȸ
ˣ˵ƣˮҲûֵһΣôƣ಻ܰ׺ܲϵԵģкȵҲؤ¼ƣҪԵġ
ϾƲˡ
߿ƾ㷹ͻȻ·˵Ƶģ棺СֵֵܲطȻӦܿ죬ããӦãϾʲôУʺ


2559 Ϻɾ
ţ
ûؤУֻǵͨ˶Դˣ˵꣬ȴһ·ֹͣ
һҲ͵һ飡
ͬʱؤŷ֣޷ģ۹ͷҷȴԼЦЦһ˫ͫ⡣
·֮ͣ͡
ؤץһ⣬һھƹȥðǵľƣǵ
˴Լ翴ĳֹؤЦеĵҿˬӦǺϲ֮Ԩ
ǰγƺ
Ȼǰֻ仰ؤ˵㹻类׺䡣
һؤ׳һ٣Ҳ̫ãܾϲ£λСֵҪһˣҾ͸һԣ
ؤͻȻ֣պž·ҷ
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˼ʣ
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пܣܸоǣз˵£͸ɾ˵ҵҲ˵Ȼ
һۣͿɣ
һۡ
£һۿġ
ؤҲ֪ܿɽ磬һۣôؤġǶôġ
˴󲻷
ҿΪȲɻʣҲɵۣһͨˣ
Խͨ˵Խǲʿֻ̫޷ʵ
жǿ

ؤﻭʲôӸоһ󷢺ձƨɸоںƵġ
Ӵǳˣ
ؤһЦеģָѾʧľƺ۵鷳ǹоջŻһвСջ㹻ֵپǮ
ǰ˵ϸ㣡ʲô飬Ȼû»ⲻ˶˵ġ
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ؤͻȻһת˵˳ִ߾ƺҡҡλȥ
Ҫȥ׷ʣǡһƥ֣ǿɾǶ
ҿӣ磬գˣ˶ȥӭӿɾ滹ڷӲקȥ

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ƭһٳԺȣ˳һƣͲ֪ȥˡ

һټֺųǽ
ǽϿΧϿԨأǽɻʣѲߣǾ޴Ĺ˵ǵҲһɱ
Խǽ֮Ͽ֮УܼͨΪͶڰʯҲЩڲгܵͷˡ
ǲгƿصĿ֮һ
治ǵһǰʮΣǰģǿɾӡ
ھ򵽵ǧֿʯطھĵ龫ۣԼһЩɾι﷢һСͻصгǡ
磬ʱ䣬ڳɽ٣
ǽڲ࣬Ͽ⽨вʯ
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˼֮ʵڲУҾĴ뿪£ҲһȥѰطɽ֮Ǿڳҵطж
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ɾ뿪ָ桢ɻʣſɾ𽥷ǽ
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ಣ
뿪ʮɾ˻롣
յ磬ǰһԨڣкټСģ˳񣬻ȥнɾ
һᣬȻһԨǰɾһſΪĿʼԨ
ƺûˡ
Ӵ󡢲ӦڵĵԨ֮иӦûзһ˿˿Ϣ

ͻȻ԰ΪѰģһɽȴΪΧͻȻС
˵ĴɻʣƺɾҲδ쳣
ಣಣ
ɾΧһͬӦΧ
ɾͻȻ˺һ˫۶˺͵һġ
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ɵƣѸײڶ֮ƣ˸û˿ͱɾӱС
˱գۺɣѪһɻʣѪ֮󣬲һᣬ֮󵱳
󡢴ˡ
һɻ桢ײڲԶʯϣ֮˷ŭɻĿſɾ


2560 ȫɱ
벻ͨΪοɾҪɱ֡
һ̣ɾ֣ȥơز¶ĸ֣һĿѡ
Ұ޿ˣ桢ΪȻȫһҲȴɻʿס縮̣
棡
˵꣬ɾĿ⣬ϣǲû뵽֣Ϊһʮû׷£Ϊȥˣ
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ɾͷĬˣ㵹ɵԴ㶯֮ǰʵҹңƾΪ˸ԸЧδϵǲûɱ㣬УɻΪնɱˣ½ߣɽԴԷնɱˣΪϢɱǣ
һҲһɻϣõɽԴֻɻʣϵԴҲɻʵȼûôȻЩ׵ĵطҪʸҲҪûָơ
˭˵ɻʵȼԴûˣ֮ԨжٴĺȱԴɽϡԴȥǣϲ񣿱δ³ɲ˶ҲΪһԼ֣
Ϊˣ²˼
ӱΪ̣ʮ겻ϳǳأִиʵΪ㣬ˣɱףҲ˻ϣµˮ©ɱ㣬һףһǵʮ꣬Ŷ֣
㡢ǡ
Ǹ˵ɻʣ˫Իԭί
ȻԿɾͷˣҲ˵ȥӴΪ㵱ţԽҵԪöңֻҪţΪЧ
ͣ
ϧڼͷ˲䣬һĨâʸһ㣬üġ
ҾҲַһָˣɾͽɻʻɱ
ĮĿ⣬һɨ桢ǾɱɻʣҲʵǱȻŲǵһжǱģ
аգȡǵû뵽עľ£澹Ȼվûκξš
˼ǣһɵۣɱһɻʣ䱾ΪƺһֶΣΪֻҪɻʣǶһɵۣҲҵĶ֣ⲻԵ𣿡

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֨֨
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С񣡣
ۣ
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ͻȻ޴󻯣˲Ϣ޵ɱɵƾͬʱһƻпɾƵҪƾͨ
ɵûȴ˿ɿɾͲһˣ𺳿Լ޷֮ƾ飬˱Ʒȥ

߶

桢Сţɿ󶼳ˣʩչֲһҷɳ
Ҳץ֮ǰǿ½ĵƷɽ
εȿܣ
ǵɰףɾһͣסΣŭҰ޿ʮɾ
г˾ԼʵţǸղų֣оԼ޷
ȻҲǵƷϵĿܷ
㻹̰ϴķ
һɱ㣬ϴϾܰǿҲӦñǿܶ࣡
㣬ͿһٴͰ
Ҫ˺飡
˼ʣɾɵǣΧͷ
ͷԽɻʣɾ͵һ֪ߵĹҲǿ˹
еķȻǡƷɾ°ͣΪĴеķ
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ļƷ
ಣ
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ƷʣȻܸеƷᲢۣһͨƷ۽׷ɽˡ
ɿǺǵ΢Цһ֣´ǶɵۣҲŲ˶У


2561 ɱɵ
ܷŹˣ֣ǣո˿ɾ
ɽǵ½룬Ѷ֮ǰӶƭߵǿڵƷɽ𣿡ɾɵȴֿеķɽҡҡͷ
滺ֹ½ҹץߣ붴֣д𣿶Ԯֻ֣뾡취ȥˣӶƭ߷Ҳ֮УҲдٱЩĺֶαӣòȻ֮ǿˣ
ߡ
ۿɾͻȻͷſ¼һĵƣΧһʱ޷ֵ
˲֮˲Ϣգ

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һӰ׷ȥ˲δӳȥĿɾȻ赲ֱ֮ơ
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ʵ߶Կסɾƣȴ޷Էٶȡ
ɾҪߣûһ㷨ӡ
ݣݣݣ
ռ䣬޴ڡ
һЩÿɾɪɪ߶۽׷ɽɱԵڱռ䣬гһۡ
Ҳնһۡ
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䣡
һħȦӣͻȻ޴󻯣Ӻѹɾ
߸ܵڲͬħͻȻתһȦɱֻý
ǿħȦһ֮ɽɽХ𵴣󷨱Ա𿪡
ۣ
ɾٴѪǱ͵ϮʱɽסħȦһϾǵле۽׷
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һҲĿɾߣǱѪˣһɵۣѾҵɱһһɵΪҾһնɱ
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һâظողΡΡĺԣִӿɾüĴ

ɾԴһѪԴǧ͸ѪѪ˿ɿɱɫƬ
ĸߺһ¡˳ˣɾһɵۣȻڼΪֻɻʵͨС
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ڳûκһ˻ɵϣҲĻţǳ˭ɱɾ
Ҳģ˵ĺأҲ˵ʱΣա
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ʱһ𰵺쳤۵߽ˣ
ֶ˫ֲڳ֮Уǳ۷·Ѫɣ˾ȻǶûۡ
ѪЫа𡭡˵λһضº֮һרŸƬ̤붴ڣ˹ӭӡ
治ǵһμˣȥһΣӿһЩǿ߿֪ѪЫаʵǳ£ר綾ĺҲǲг֪ǿߡ


2562 û
ԭˡ
ɾһѪЫаʣ˵ǲ⡣
ѪЫа̡֪ҡͷ̾Ϣֻֿɾ̫֮ǰ˵һͷո͵ϮѲߣȺ
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Ϣһʱ䣬ڼƲõָԿɾΪΪѽӽɻ۷塣

гǣ
κһ۵˻ʿɾҲֻǴ˽һͲٹʡ
һ֣ˣȫҲκɵ㣬һֻܹڳϡ
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뿪֮Ԩ
ڣ汣״̬ȫͨѪʮΪѪѿѪΪϵ״ҲζŴٲںϣҲڲ
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ΪӦþʵΪϹۡ޼·ѣ޷õǼЩҿɶûǣһصɽ磬һһʱֻ
ſ˫ֹۣȥ꣡
չѰΪڵһˣչѰһʱʱ䡣
ְ󲿷Ѫ߲֮ף׷֮ΪԴ߲âӿֻڲռ䡣
΢΢ܿ׷֮ڲǴΪϵռ䣬һЩϵۣ羭۸УͷǰǳǿǰҲͫ׷֮ڲγƵ۵
ȭͫӡֽ֡֡ߵȵֻ֮ͨ
ͨҪȥաţȻΪء
ͣ
üĳֵֻۣǶѪ֮У׵Χߡ
׷֮ʱʱӹһĹ·Ϊһ

ʮ꣬ʵɻ۷壬ϧûͻף뿪µ˲䣬üͷչ
ϴСţ˳ȹ٣ɿδɽ٣ȵһʵٶɽ٣㲻õģ
֮У͸
ԭ츳͸гǣͨԪ
ȥչѰ֪ͮʱн
ȥݼչѰ֮뿪ۡҪȥ̻ῴͮ
䣡
Ҫ̻ᣬһǾ¥
û뵽ǣһӰǱӾ¥
˭ڶɱˣ
ܶΧ˹
ɱңɱң
뿪¥һŮһޣһͰ͵ľ¥Сˣһֵ
С˻Ƥ˲˹ֻʣ°
Ů޷·С𣺡ñСȰ㣬˵ǲǸ
С˰ģССǲС˵£ą̇̄ûʳģģС㣡
С㣡
¥ֳֶʮˣǹԱȫŮϡ
˶Ůͷ
Ůּ䣬߼˻һʮΪ
ŮˣһСʱ䣬ǰϺòˣԼ䣬ǶҪҲԣȥ˫ȡ˫֣Ϊͽ䣡
СЩʱʧǣֻܶģ·֪޷Ů
㣬ɱˣ
ֳû˸ҿ·纮Ƶġ

һ߳壬뿴
ǡ㡭
Ůתֻɱ⣬˵ˣһ֮һϲЦݣҵˣǰ£
㻹ûԣ
Ⱥ֮˵֮Ȼ
ҲΪԾԩ·խȻײ֮ǰȻڽֵ˵Ů
ŮĹĵģȻɱڣ͸ŮǷеۣ׻˵ĺãԩҲͷС㶼ҵ㣬֪Ҳ㽫гǷ飬Ϊҵ㣬ж˿飬Ѫȥƥֵ֪ǮһҲƥ


2563 ָҴң
ȻɱˣҲòܣû뵽㻹ûԣϴνѵ𣿽쿴Ҫӱ㳢ͷӶұۣ΢΢󻬶·ʱҪ֣
ŮǸͦ·͸⣬棺òܣѵضµ̲ɣ
С㣬ĪǾҴ㣿
ûȥܾ¥ЩˣʱŮࡣ
ɱˣץҪţߣŮȳż
ǣ
һˣΪҲڵ֮¡
Ůü·ﶯһƮû뵽γɢģ˲Ȼ͸ҵˣ
ಣ
˸նǷǰһӰϮ
ž
Ůһģ㵹ء
ʱգһİӡ̥ƵģϣӶĿۡ
㡢ָҴң
صԭأȥ磬ٶȿû˷ӦŮ˲棬ŭ
һ飺ϴγƣϣԸıӣĸɱû뵽ȻΪݽ棬еģղѽնɱ
죬ѹˣ
Ǹˣܴܵ裬ŭɱ棡
򣡡
Ҳ˶˫ۿҪ֣Ǽˣɱֲɻƣû뵽ǰ˲Ϣ綨ڰգһ㡣
žžž
ʱƾһˡ
ۣ
ͬʱɣ֮Ѫ
ֵˣסԺ󳤵ԣ
ͻȻһĿⲶ׽Ůϡ
һɻʣҡҶҪѹ㡭Ů޷ϵ£һж޷ס
ͷŵͬʱӷŴ󣬷·Ҫʩչĳ־ͨ
û뵽̶ʮ꣬ȻͻƵˣϧ껪۽ҶԿ⣬οһŮӣסԺĪţССͣɱСΪɥ
ݣ
Ůϱ
ΧЦ֮ŮҲ·ˣǿҪ緢ĵƣ·һҪŵĻ١
ϧһ̻Ůſ̶
ž
һİֿŮһαȵأǳ֮ˣȴѾӰ
С㡭
˷׷Ůӵȥ
Զ
Ҫ뿪⴦ֵǰȻһȺǿߡ
ⲻ𣿡
һκһۣԭѰö
ǵ£ˣ
һǿߴ߾ǰӵ˳ȥ
ȴ⣬Ȼ֣ǼŮɱˣһϾ̣Ҳάһ򣬲Сˡ

ÿ
ʮ̽Ⱥǿ𿪣
˭£
κһ۴һǧ
ڵЩˣٿǶԼ˿־Ŀ⣬κһһڸȻǼ¡
κˣҪΪ¥һ˼ʮ֣׽סݡ
Ƕ̣ºˣ⼸˸ڶɱˣҪܵͽ䣬ɱ˳
Χ۵ˣűľ¥Сˣߣ
κһ۰Եʾ⣺ĪżȻذ£
߳һǿߣȻӶìָźˣǻٹ£
С㣬ضˣǸˣŮΧס
κһ۰Եͷƣ·ʱɱ֣ǷǿԵնɱ
ˣʲôڱСǰ
Ů߳һȡһ塣
ˣһ塣
ҽһּգ֪ŮҪԮͷɻɱ
ಣ
һӰԸٶ
䣡
ոɱһɵĸ֣ȻճֵŮԾ˵ƣɱһɫָӡ
ָӡиüģһֱһѪһɿ³ʼոֵѪԼԴ
ʬȻأŮһص֮С
һ᣿
κһ۵һںоҪһĳ
ҲסˣԷһɶɻʣ𺳵ǣŮᣬһ
֪ͨϴˣ
ԷǵκһȻףһϣҲһŮòԮ

һ뿪صۡȻ֪顣
úý磬΢΢ҡͷɱСħŮҪȥͮģֻһȥ
ոʩչ򣬸ΪȻ⣬Ӵ԰ɻΪӵһɵʵʩչֲͨɱɵۣκһɵ۶ҵĶ֡
뵽֮ǰʩչŮһ̣лΪ
ϾʩչƬһ֣δʩչطӳ֣԰ɻΪȻֵøˣͨʵһա

縮󷽣λг룬һʹĽ
ֽټĲгǣҲ֮ʮˡ
Ϊǵʮضĸۡ


2564 
ԭƽռƽճûһ죬ۡٽֵԿŴ¡ϼ׸ֳ֣һ֧ϼ׸֣Ƿ·ոմսսʤֵմϢѹȡ
ܶʣ
硢һҪѬضһ̣ϴδƣִһƣײҵ
¸֮УƥһǼݣ
ǼˣһλʮˣһۣһЩɫǶ·ĳֲʣͷ΢΢Щף׳˶Ҳ䡣
һʮӣģ߷
ҲǱ棬νѵŮ
Ů˻Сèһ˳Ҳû֮ǰɱǸħŮģת۾ͳΪԹŮ
˴гΪڼңȹΪ̫ͻƵҪʱ
ŮҲЩգѬСû˴ǸСһҪҵΪͻƵҾͿʰû뵽һ棬Ҷǵ֣
ȷǸɻʣһ˵ˡ
һɻʣĪƭǲɣȻɻʾ徳磬Ϣɻʣ
ӣ²ͻһɵۣȴҲôһûйɻʿڵ֮ϣ
û
ȥҵСӾˣýŴ£棬ҵҪʵδ
ףܾܲڣҪضһսɣ
ȻܣԶԪƣܲɣ
ˬЦĿԽȣ

ۡ߸߳ǽڲʮ¥Ȼڳšǽ뼯·Ҫ¡
ڲһøûʣⱦƣһЩ⣬õξ
ʱʮۼڴֶ֮࣬վ
ӭ
˹
λ
һۺ𵴶
漴ڼŮ¹ͬʱһ
˿һʿһĶҲоɱ
󷽻һˣŽӽʮӣǰ˲ͬǣϢԵͷž˵
ضϷ£·˰ڰ֣ΪζͻȻҵأ
һ񣺡ҲǸոյִ֪̽ѲߣǵһҾ¥˹Ȼɱˣƺǵ˳ѵ
ضĿ⻺ϣδŭУƽۻһ㣺ϵܣ˵˵
ҵѲߣȷײ£ɱȻɱˣȻҪܣϾﲻǶأû뵽һŮֲǿߣ֪Ƕ飬Ѭ

ʮסͬʱ
ˡ
󣬱¶ΣȻҲǾǶѬҲǿģһһŮʮ۰ɼ͹ڣ붫ɱҲһŮΪѬͷ
ԱλˣѬСħͷأÿ춼ɱˣССͣɱˣ
µȷǶҪΪѬͷ滹һЩ£ŶѬƢ˵ʮǰǵ̳һ̣ðִһΣǵ̳ɱ֮ʣȷһγ֣һƣؼˣǰγֽѵѬ̣ͬһˣ
Ŷһ䶫Ѭ
Ѭ飡
ֲöΪѬ˴ԭ£Ǽ֣

˵꣬ʱ·һ̲ס̾Ϣ
ضҲ΢΢ЩԾϣȻ򵥡
򵥣Թ
Ϊĸ½ⶫ飬ͬʱΪȨߣҲܽɱ¾ƿأֵܣҳһλΪ
ĿǰδʵҲǸոյ֪ܿнǧˣӵɻʡɲȣҪҳǸˣҪʱ䣡
Ŷһֱ˼ΪѬϴ裬ѬҲӦ̤ɵ۾磬ʵ̣Ӧɻʻɣֱɵ۾֮Ѱңܿи˼֮˲俴
Ӣ
ڵУó´﷨
ߣȥԺӭӶ
ضһЦ

縮̸
ˣɡɻʾ̣Ͳȥᣬɵ۾̣Ҫȥ
֮е棬Ȼ˽г
Ժһʮ̣
Ҫȥ縮ᣬﻹиֻ̣õȥ
ܶɡɻ̿ʼ۷׷ס
֪ʲô£
ŶŴ֣ûκᡢ£Ȼȥۡ
һ붫ϣŴĦѵλģս
ϧ֪ĻǲɵۣɵۣĿŵѵó棡

۲ֻͣص䡣


2565 ССɻʣ
ضԱߣһĶؽһ𣬳Ħϣһ޹أʵҪ
ڣ֪һСĶЩ۵ĶǶ
Ƕض޷ӴǣҲ޷лŪͼҡҡͷ²ؼٷ񣬿ʼɻ۷壬׼ͻƾ졣
ۡԺ
֮ԺʵռʮĶڿ˹ķһͨ˹롣
ƽʱǶһЩѡǿɢ֮أȴǿ߶ڡ
¥㶥Ժ羰ۡ󲿷ֽ
費Ǵɼ͹ȡģã
ߣʮ˷Ϊ϶˴ע˫һһ
ⷽضΪһǿߣҲһصĶ
ŮһλҲС
ʱŮ澵裬Ȼһ֮󣬶Բޡ
ضţȶƷ֮󣬲Ż豭ɼ͹٣һˣҲֶ裬ϰ֣
ʱΧǺò裬غ˺ü֣ȴδҵĪҪһֱȥɣȻ費Ҳȸͣ
ѬֶŮҵ˴ģҲҪҳǧǼ̣ܿиض˸Ͻȥ顣
˭߲ܿƣҳû˸롣

һƺ̣ͷû˸˵һ֡
ڣһλƶ
ضӻ֣⿴һ۶ĶѬֶŮɿˣǲһָ֣ҳ֮󣬲һΪ
λ˫յأ÷һƴ߶һһٶ
һͷΪһһ߶ӰÿһӰŵ
ѬæһӰⷽǿߣҲעϷֳӰ
ض֣ⷽҲͬ棬
˭Ҳ벻ŮҲҴⲻԾĹ
ضӻҲѣϾ˴ˣʵĻǶѬܲ
һ㣬Ѭδҳһ
²豭ѬߣѬô£
Ѭ֪ʲôʱ򣬼üһ麹ཱུĵûǸ
֣ô£ֱʵ
ضż󵭵һЦҸϳǳأ⼸춼ڵɵǿߣЩؿǿߣû˵ĻֶŮˣˣ
Ѭֱţܣ˴Ҹߣ̾ˣ˴һģһ
ӣ
ʱλ꣬ҲǶĶӣ񣺡ƺҺһ㣬;УҼӾ˵ƺɵۣɻʣ񲮸ֻó󸮵ؽɵ۵ƣЩɻȴδ
ԣɻʣɵֻۣһֻҪѬΪмԼҸ硣
ضЦֶ֪Ůͻɵۣ۸ͷϵˣȻҲɵۣҾֻɵƣ
ѵɻ̣
֮У˭ɻ˵ã
ɻܻɵۣ
ͬʱظⷽʮɵۣסˣ׷׾
ضҲΪ֮Ŀһɻʣ˿ɲ򵥡
ģ֣Ҳܺ棬һҪҳضӻ֡
һ
ض·̣ˣ˹ʣ
ߵ뿪˵ȴã˵ɻʳˣκһ۾Уһˣƻᡣ
ڣ弸˺ȳ⣺Ǽ˺ú룬˭ﶫС㣿ŹκϸڣҪСһ
㿴ңҿ㣬һʱԴ
ƺ뵽һˣ
κһͻȻսսҿµʱ˵£˸ȥʱͬΪ̵棬˾·أҸոմ뿪
棿
ͶĿ⡣
ضʵ֣λ˵棬ʲôˣ
˼룬ŵż븮ϣҲʮˣһɻʣΪǼǰɻʣ¶ԴӡһٲעһͨɻʣҲֻаɻʣѡʵԽɵۣ
ɻʣ
жڷϾѬɵۣһɻʣô֣
񣺡ҿ֣ģӡҼӱһ
ضͬ⣺죡
ಣ
תڿʼӡ˫ͷŵԵһâָӡʼںϡ
𽥻ΪһӰѰ߲࣬Ͻӡһʵ
˶֮еꡣ
ڳճɱ˷ת䣬ƶ֪ǲһɻʴ˶С㡣
һɻʣǴ˻浨죬Ҳʵ


2566 ӻ
סƣѬһʶ˫ȻָӰʹ޺

˫ֶըˣѵôɣһɻʣ
ظⷽ־һƬڻǲӰΪ
üͷ֮࣬ٴʵС㣬ֻһɻʣ϶

Ѭնһ֣˵ĺˣǿǲǱСۻˣ
˸̧ͷһһ飬ʶ˺󣬾㤵һͬȵС㣬Ǵ˵ǣ

ܶ˲ŶѬ˵ı顢ƭˡ
ǶѬϴˣһ˵ĻǿԻɣǼǱʶĶȻ
ܶ˴ڣܿʵĿ־롢ŭ
֮˶ɻʣֳ󲿷ֶǵɻʵһһӲɵ۵ĲԹɫ
ضԣһֱһ֣磬ȥ˴
ǣ
󣬵ȥ
ض˼ϲ裬ȭ֣Ȼҵȷ˵ֶŮΪֶŮһʺֶŮеķ
Ѭͷȴ򶫷Ѭ
дȸĿ⣬ȻڸˣҪδ㡣
Ѭ֪ڣض񣬵һ᣺ҲҪκβ㲻֪ǸĹ۸ңôҵҲ᲻ôңƾʲô
ֶŮⱦǳʺŮʿضȥʿһ˵
ҪһڶҪʮֻس裬Ȱң󶫷ѬһҧҪ
ضЦЦŮ衣

̸
㣬úôǲǴ˶ŮѬ
ʮԴ
ڣһ档
һов֮Ϯ֮ǰɵͻȻŭɭɭŶ룬֪ǰγŮӣȻǶŮ
ˣǴһŮȷǲеĶѬһ£
治ϾǰʩչȫҲǶ֡
ǾͶˣǸ鷳ҲûȨ㣬ȸȥɶ
˿̣˵ܼ꣬ɫѿ
ԭԼһɻʣöŮ
ν

ԼĪһ㣬ۡ
ԺԶһȣж
ʱ֮ǰضߵ֣뼸ھͷȴܵ棬λǶӣ󽣷磡
֮ǰ֪ضչһӣΪӡ
㵨ӿ治С
󽣷翪ʼ棬ܿһ飬ĮһȣҸϴ˴鷳๼Ǳɱ½ȥʵʵ˵ʲô˵ʲôʱᰵסҸһū
ǣ
ū
󽣷硭һһе⣬ɱ⡭α·ֻмɱһֲٲ£¶һ٣˼ţֽԺ
Ժȼɵ۸֣䵱ԶԶضǿߣݵΣϢѹͷһͫҲŴ
Ǵˣ
ʯ̳ɵĵ·࣬ظǿߣԴǰ
⣡
Ҳ˺棡
˾ţһɻʣҵﵱ񶫷С㣬Ҵ˼ң
Сӽ군ˡ
һ󽣷羭ҡͷ̾

ⷽȻҲÿ˶ע档
ѬһԾжһޣִŵף۾棬·𿴼Ҫȥ
ĶӣλͫмĮȻɱôĵӣҼӴδܹί
ضǰ棡
ضȴδ˵ǹȻѵ棬һʵĶС㣿
ǣ˽һɴϣ֪ôġ
Ѭʱðɣгɲʸ۵֣ҪƤĹǣʬΣ
ż
֣ȻҳҲԼΪҿ˾ͽҸϴã
Ե
˻һ˫־һ
𿴶ЦЦҲδ󷢣仰˼̫ԲⲻǹȻҪظˣ
ȻҲζظ˻Ϊܶ˵ЦȷȣҲظá
˶˼û˿ԷǶг񼸺һĴڡ
ɲǣ˶ȴضڡ
ضЦƺδŭ֣ðֶŮҴΪϾֶ֪Ůݣν֪߲֣ξóƷ˾ͽԼΣ
Ʒ

Χһǿߣĸ಻͵һ
ĿԾԾϾƷɵǿߣֻɻʷǿߣʸһĵƷ


2567 ս
ο֮ԨԴѷʦϡ٣ҪһƷǼΪ׵ġ
ضȻҪΪһ棬óƷ⳥
˰ˣ˾޴
˫ַϥǣָʶ֣۽׷Ǻö˽ҲǸãֻһɻʣֵƷɣ
ضҪҲɣ
ɱ棬ҲǴΪԾ۽΢΢һɨû뵽öΪһɻƷ
ƷǲȴֻҪˣѬһ
֮һЦŮģ
桭
Χǿ߽ܿԶƣܿ˫һѪսҪ
һͻȻд㾿Ǻξ磿
¡ɻʣͫ͵氵лӦ
ҲշҪߣ㣬Ӵظ붫ˮ𣬵Լˣⱻ˴ߣܸ߱ɻʿɵʵ
԰ɻʣӵһɵʵ
棿
Ҫ£Ȼƭ㣡
á
̶̺䣡
û֪潻ΪĬھҪҪ潻
ǽˣظɨأ
ʱ붫һս
һ˫˫ڴĿ£˵֣δǸҲдȣ֪沢Ե޹۸ֶŮͷϣҿ첻иӿԽͬ⣬Ҿû
˵ͷ
ǿƣҲظ֡
Ҳ֪飬ֻ붫ֶŮ֪Ծõ£˫в֮
һ
λһսֶŮʤԵ棬ɱҲûظû˸˵֣
ӡ
û뵽üͷһ
·Ҳδϵ˵һӡ
ӦеΪǸɻʣϴǲСģûɱȫͱˣ׼һɻٶٿ죬ܿɵۣ
ѬжԶ˵
ࣺѬҪȻɻʲɵ۶֣ϾԹһοϺܾ꣬һɻʣ㶷
״ˣҾӦܻ棬֮гԿνͻ״ҲΪ治򵥣ǲԸţһɻɵ֮ϣУҲ޳ɶѬһս
֣ⷽͲСӦһսȻظɱˣȥԸ̫
ظ֣ⷽһƬž
ǵڶףҲ˽⣬ΪҲţһɻʡɵ۶֣
常ҿ˲ţһſڴƻ֮һȻظԺ常ڶǰ̧ͷ
󽣷磬һҲ̲סȰ
ԣ˵ĶԣҪ˼УһЩɵۣҲ׷ѹߣȰ˵
ҶԼϵˣġµҲòһЦıȻҲûжٰա
Ҳڶġ
󽣷ڸֶԼĲţ浹νϾΪ뿪֮ԨˣҪŶϢ档
һ裬΢΢һЦ֮ǰ˵۽׷Ҿ˹뱣ңǿĳһ㣬óƷӣѬһȲʧֲٸһһʤܶѬûκʧȻѹ棬˵νǷռСһ
ã֣ͬĽ飡
ףò¶֮ɫָ棺һɻʣȻûʸѬ֣ⷽˣСӿԻˣҶ޻˵
ֳϢͻȻһ͡
һЦˣ֣㲻ɳɵ۰ɣҲ̫۸ˣ
ȭ֣Сӣǰ۸ŮΪΣҲҪɳӭսѵƽһ㣬ҾûԿҲ˶ɵۣҲСӵһ۸ŮѬɻʣҾɳһλɻʣһλɵۣΪڶҼѬͻɵۣȻҲҪɳһλɵ֣֮Ҿúܹƽ
ܹƽ
ⲻЦظⷽܶǿ߽ͷƣ
Ӧ
ɫҲһһްվ棬սʤ֣
һ̣ȴս
ǲţսֻϺ꣬һɳ֣Ȼ򵥣ɻɻǿߣɵ۵ĻȻҲһɵǿߣаջһɵ۷ǿߣ
ӦǣʵãǾûãˣаգһʤ˶¼һҲܰѹ棡˶µĶη
á
ƺһľ
ڻص֣ȻҷȣȷҾʹӦҪ󣬵֮ǰ㷽ɳλɵֻۣһɵ۾磬һϣⳡӦûطؽ紦һ̨Ȼ˼֤Ƕظ˭䣬ˣϽ֣Σ


2568 չ¶ɵʵ
״󲻷ã㶨ޣ
ڲײڣ֮㶫ظؽġ籮ǰһս
ã֮󣬽籮ߣ
ͷֱȭɺһȺȥ
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󽣷ҲȭҲЩûգϾֻһɻʣǰ죡

ʱû֮ǰԶսǸȻһ棺СֵܣҪô㣬óһЩֶ
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ǵõˮ©ԱһҵϣǸʵϾ֮ɼ͹ȾҪʱҪ˲ţʶвأüǳǳ¶һơ
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ӡ
ʲô뷨׵ĺܡ
ԼȨߵͬʱʵҲһֱڵȴᣬΪҪȻǳõͼ


2569 Ƕ
Ҫúڶǰڡ֡Լ
˲ͻ֮ɱܺȻԵ޷ɱͻ
ݣ
ܺɱѳལնһ㡣
İԵ·֮޷ն顣
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ಣ
㲻ɱֻʩչ㹥δʩչȥܺ
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ȭ
·þȫ˫ȭ͵ھ޻ڣһƣ
ɸߵľ޻Ҳɱһƣһ֮УһֲĽܺԦĽ

ݺᣬ·Խʱգ
ֻ۴֮ܺвܺ۵һѪ֮㱻ʮ
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û뵽ܺ䣬֮ǰˣ
ŵܸ֮һɻʣ
ٴΪһڿֲĽʱҲɱȭʽ
һɿƷյȭɱУܺǿһҪ棬Ǻɱ档
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ظСӣðС㣬ظҪһӣɳһɻʳǸǸ
ܰɣضεҲƿһأǿۺҪҲˣڶǰˣ

һʱ䣬ظֵ


2570 ɻɵ
һ룬Χ˿ʼ۷׷ס
ڳֵ̫࣬ڿƣΧҲ޿֡
µסһ˵죬ܲܰ˵춼ϡ
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ģģУöظŴݲԽӽ籮
ͻأǷѬȻߣ棬СҪʬΣ
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δˣò֣һСӰˣ
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ǿһͻȻ˲飬Ҳһ

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羹һƽĳʮԶȥֱּߡ
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ͷͻƣ֮ǰԵԼͬҲ¶֣磬вԩ
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տʼһЩ߽̫עʱ类նƣʱŭ򶫷ӡ
ףȷǸϣһɵ֮УǿһˡҲˡ
Ҳ벻һɵǿһˣ˲
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ãظˣ
ظΪȻֽкá


2571 ӣ
ͻȻɱһ֮У۴еֽߣҲһ
ҪɱˣסΣʹһ԰ףԦƣɱֱɻŻ֮ն档
ݣ
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һĨԪ־Ϊһʹͷ֮Զʧ
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󽣷ָ͵ȭǽһĦ
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ⷽǿ߶ҿһЩߣǶרģĿľһʶѹظ
ȻȴԼⷽܵȻĴѹܵ˲Ҳ̶ãˮһա
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󲻸ҷˣģ߶һĵĹӹ⣡
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ҡҡͷȻûκʹ͡
ãӹ԰ѵãˣ
ЦɺͻȻȫﶯ䣺һӣ쿪ʼǱߵڶλӣ

ڲϰˣͻȻ仰ÿ˶⡢𾪡
ӣ
ⲻǳĽ
һʱ䶼棬Ծţһ찡
ɶ񡭡
Ψһ˵ɫ粻Լ⣬ɫ仯鶯
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ϾǶ


2572 ܾ
󲿷˶סˣҲûع
ܣôΪӣΪӣ޷֮أκһ۲һΣýʳߴ顣
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һĳҶ㶼˽⣬֮ǰҲֶ֪⡮ʹ͡


2573 
Զ˸ϣǴ֮ҵȷãظǰռĹ¶Сظܵǿѵһ𳤴Ĳٹ¶һ֮УΪ޷ͨظҪ󣬲Ǳʹ͸ظЩ̣ҲǧѡˣǶϵĸ
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2586 Ĵ£
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2587 ͼ
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2588 ն
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2589 Ǵҩ
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ɻҲ̫ˣһ￴ɵҩҲ̫˰ɣСűǼ⣬һԾؤ


2590 Գɵ
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ܿٻ׹ɽۣǴԼԣоʯ׹Ľٻ˲ɱ
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⧲һش٣Ϊһ磬Ϯ
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2591 ɵ
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׽ٰԵ˲Ϣ֮ʣ治Ѱǰ㣬ʩչֱӴ顣
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ٻ沢δܵٻĿ£Ȳ֮ǰ٣Ҳɻ

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Ϊδ˿סŴϴ٣ϴٻڽУֵʮϴף
ԶԶŹۿ
ԴʱΪԾѽ
ЦΪڲѰһʮʮϴ׽٣


2592 ɵۣϣ
˵һʮ׽ϴ裿Ȼϴĥ滹ܸӦΧ˵ĻЦֹ
ЦǺǵ磬֮ǰɽپʮϴףͻɵۣҵһһɵǿˣ
ǡѪǶڷӿϾںϣϴٹȻͬѰ
ּ죬ϴٻڳȻʹ֮Уȴ¶ϲοЦݡ
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Ϊӵһϴֻоŵһ˵ҵϴӦ
ϴһ׽ʧΧѪĵ۶ѺۣͷƤѪۡ
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ܵõǣǴˣһЩţΪõǴУȥΪӣδΪɵۡ
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ȿϷһӡӡӡǣõУӵеӡǡ
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2593 ɵۣ£
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͵һԸȥţ塣


2594 ̫ʯϣ
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仰ˣƿԡ


2595 ̫ʯ£
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2601 
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¥Ժţ桢Ծżֱ͵š
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˵ҪͽޣҪһ˵
桢ԲܣΪͳΪꡣ
֮ǰ޹ȻʹŵƷԪš


2602 Ϲں

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󣬾ȥļҶζɻʣԺ鷢
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Ҫһԭ򣬴ʱ棬ҪظġӡҲġӡ
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֮ǰԺֲ뷨
ΪҪϹõģԼϹݾָֻҪԼеģͲϧ
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һֻͷųϻΪһУ·˿ߣ໥ںϡ
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ֱѪѿںѪ֮Уһּ߶ѪѿҪһѪѿϹγʮ
֮ȥʮ꣬ڣ֮еŴѪѿϹںϣͷδ֪ںϣγʮ
ʮΪϹںϣҪʱȥ
󷨷ӡϹݣЩƣռ䡣


2603 º쳾
ѳɣͲأѧλ½ǰһɵۣɵֱֲϹڣںϣʣ¾ΪָԪԼһЩںϵ
ķɣ鼫ѡ
ͮ
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ɻͻɵδͨɵ۰
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ĵ֮УӴ󡢷գ淢ĵ֮Уż͸һ־
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ȻҿԿµڲḥ̂Ӧʱ䡢ռѭԴǧʱΪԴ֮еḥ̂Ǿӵƿʱ䡢ռ
һ󵨵ͷԺ𣬷·ǻڰ֮Уǰ㾪޵ϼ⡣

ȫ߶ǧʱȻ
αһ΢΢׼γɵḥ̂һһ˲㣬·
һ˲໥ںϣתΪḥ֮̂ӵӴռ䣬Լʱ
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ĥ֮еʱռ䣬ȻΪǧʱûдǧʱҿ̤ɵۣҲ޷ܣ
ɻʧҪǧʱԴǧʱȥաḥ̂Խɡ

ʮꡭڣγḥ̂һεۡ
ʱ˿̣ӡסȻǰΧƯһĥ̵ۡ
Ƶ֣ۺޣ·ȥһԲοǹ΢΢
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ֲۣ


2604 İԵϣ
º쳾̫ҪǧʱԼں֮Уǿʱռ
ಣ
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뿪磬һֱԺкš
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֮ǰڿռƶԡ᲻ûз֣Ҷںɡ
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Ҳ֮ǰĪġٶȡˣһ²ζٿԵͷ


2605 İԵ£
ٶȻԳԽԣɱ֮ʣ޵Ĵ߶Сǧǹͷųȥ
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趨磬Ȼӵжɵ۷ʵɵۺһӰ죡ĬĬעţʱʱϼ䡣
ɵۺܿͨ󷨿ˣȥڲ
ֵɵˣһʮˣһһھ񱳸һɽ١
飡
ճţͱ֮Եײȥ
ۣ
ɵ˺üҧš


2606 ɵ
εо飬ͷںϣԼʮϢ˻һ˽š
ɹˣ
Щ֣һҲ泩࣬ɵ۴ⲻ̫
һɵ۾ͳͳƣǾɥʧȥ־Ȼٶɵ۲пܺ
ʮɵۣҲδ뿪롣
ʣ¾Ǿһɵۣû˸ҵһȥڲ졢ɵ۵Ц
һɵ۹ȻЦȻ֪֮ʶȤȥĪֿԣ
ߣ
˻߳ȥ
桢ҲŶȥֻȻǷˡ
棬ҿɵʰ㣡־󽣷磬ЦЦЦݡ
飡
һһȥһɵֱۣӱƷ
ʱѪҲֻܻ뿪
濴ԣֻҪһɵͨӦû⣡
ˣЩţģһȫԣͱһɺݾ

һһǿд󣬷źɡ
桢ǰˣûһܼһͳͳ޷š
濴һۣһš
һӣЩںɵۣҲʼעϡ
Сӣ˵ļһɵۣˣ
˭ŵһУͽǸлܣ
ɻΪһɵ
ǹƻ֪ڼǰ澹Ȼڴ¥ɱˣ˵¥ɵۣҲУ

ڣܶɵۿƽţ۲ͣ
ܶӶ⣬Ϲɭɭ⡣
ɵҲ沽һţԽڴǷܴš
΢΢һֻǻ֣δƣְڽš
Ȼವһ£ͨţһͳɹš
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ղŻŽĶ졢ɵۣһ̽ţȻ֮С
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Ϊһ⣬ûκһˣɽ磡
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һһɵۣܴţ´һΣ

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ЩˡĪΪöõ󷨣ѵⲻɣЦضô
ЦЦδ
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ԷҲƤЦⲻЦһȡ
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˵棬أΪʵҲһΣ
ֽСһأһαǣ
˵ʱʱ죬ǰһΣ뿪˽ţ
󽣷øȥԽţһɵȥžһ֮
ã
˶棬ţξ֣ýţȻ䣬ڶĿ£һϢš
˲Ϣһ졢ɵʯˣ
һЦ˭ýų⣬ҿһΣ
ԣˣ󽣷粻ˣװһЦ
磬һɵֻܷ
ǰԲƽʱǰʩչ˫ͷڽţȻƶһɽķ
ܿƤһಣϢ֮󣬽һԾſƣǿƱƶƣš
ã
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֣㵹Ǻ۹⣬ӶˣҲǱѪЫаԡ
ȻһԽһ죬̤ɵ۽۷ĸ߶ȡ
ǱδɳȥΪһǳǿߡ
Ҳû뵽ԾȻҲʵ
󽣷ǳһЦȻ磬̨⣬Ŷʮ֣ʮ֮ѡ޺ܼ򵥣ҽǩ鵽һΪ̨֣ʤֱӻ
˵׳
󽣷÷ûȥƣһƽʮƽһֻһâƯƣ

һɵۿһâڵƣȻɵֻۣܿЦҡͷ
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󽣷׳һâ
ʱȥ̨ϷƸԳһ֡
ಣ
ѡɵȥ̨˵˵ͷһ糤ɱ
ʱ̨ڱ·ȴˣܵһӰ졣
ˣĶ֡ȻǸɵۣȴʱ԰
ʱ¿Զλɵۡ
֮ǰͷɱλ֣ˣԷҲڴ·˵¾ڡ
䣡
㣬˽ʤ߷ɳ磬ֻܴޡ


2607 ɵۣϣ
ʱ󽣷˦ƣλɵ۷̨
⣬ѪЫаȻ£֣е㵹ùɵۣ
棡Цݣȴձ
ݣ
ͻȻ̨֮УλɵѸײڶ֮ƣŷ˫͵Ľӡ˫ǰΪһھ˽âն档
һ
ȫԸ
˭ȵ̫ǱɵҲев

̨֮ЩǿߣԱɵ۽Ƶú޷󷨶ƣһ˽Ҫˡ
ΨԭزʵŲɡ
ҿܻҶŲɣȻûɱ㣿
⣡
󽣷˸Ƿݵ㲨ƣͫƳͫ۽˫ޡ

ͻȻһ꣡
ԭǽն֮ʣٶȣȻʩչɵٶȡ
ٶһŽ£ǲŽ
һĻˣϣȻŷ֣ͷȻĪ⡣
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һλҿֻһɵۣʵȴ˿ֲҵ޷ǱȽɼ͹ȣ֣Ҳ޷Ǳˣɼ͹֮У䲻ȡòٱ
˻һЦݸԡ
أ
ڣ̨㱬ըɵһ
Ѿɱڶһ㿪ΪеȻʱڶҲܶ㿪ϿʼҲס
Ͼɵ۾ʵһ蹵κ޷ԽһɵκηȲ϶ɵۣһЩš
һɵ۸Ӳӵɵ۵ʵ̨֮ϣһɵΪܶɵ۶ԣĪĳ衣
Ҫɱ㣡
ɵŭɶڳˣڳŪ޷ʰһͨɵۡ
һЦŰԵҪɱңɲ򵥣Ҫɱҵˣк³
ƣ
ɵ۲һ飬ϵֲ˲䣬级˳ˣΪ̨̫С޷ܡ
򣿡˾ƣ΢΢һȻԷҪʩչֶԸ
ԻĴͻɵۣҪ䡭
˲ϢӶһĪĵĹΡ

ʱΧɵ˲仯Ϊһһ㣬ɵԼС
֮У澹Ȼ޷޷Ƹոմӿ
κϢͷţͱɵĨɱΪɵ۵
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ռڶԼǵֻܱС
ȻҲҲ󷨡ԪںУһĻҲ˾
ɵƿ̨ÿ䣬ϢʧὣҲһڡ
罫ŵˣɵ۲мΧÿһƺɱ⣺˰ɣƵñʩչʵҳʵҲţۺʵﵽɵۣ
Ϊһɱң
ɵ۰ȻһЦҵ֮ϣζƿ֮£޷ͷͨƾһɵֻܵű飬һĥ㣡
á
󽣷վڽ⣬ֿ˻
ֻҪɱ棬ӴλãԶõδ֮λҲġ
ԶչĿϣܶȹһأζӵɵʵ
δ̤ɵۣ»УΪɵۣҶģһ֤䲻
ݣ
̨֮У
ɵ۲ٿʮڽ̨֮շɳ
Χ棬ٿ棬Զȴ֮ǰǰĶ
ܻɵۣΪǵɵ̫˲
ɵ۰ͻɻʣףɵ۸ף޵Ϊɼ漣ѪһΪ
һ

һʱˣ̲ס۲ֹ
ΨѪЫа󽣷һˣȻɵѹȥ
Զң
濪ʼͬǣȻûоڱ
ң
ġΡƢΡΪ֮УȻͨȭʽԾѪС
ɵ۸Ϊŭ˫ưԵ˲ѹƽĿɽ˫ۡ˫ȲУ
ʮڽ֮Уκһڽӵɵ˵ô࣬һڽնɱɵۡ
ɵۣԾ糬Խɵ۵ĵط
Ǭ
ۿŽ£Ҫ˫ۡ˫ն͵һ
δͷκֻͷһѪâ


2608 ɵۣ£
ƾ֮ҿⲻɣǻɵ۽Ŀɽٶȣ˲
䣡
ɱһȭƽƽ棬ɵۼԦĿɽɱǰ֮ʣȭͷȻױȵľ
ɾȭͷԴݿ֮ƣöԷɵ۶޷Ӧ㽫ĵ𿪡
ܣɵЦݾֱˡ
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ǲۻˣɵȻһһɵۺˣ
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ʱ̨Ϊɵ۱ɣʩչȻ޷˲ƿأʼʧ
Ϊӵ˲֮
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̨֮µǿߣ֮ʶ֮⣬ԶЩģ
Ҳǲע
˶ˣʮڣɻɵۣǶʱ
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󽣷ҧһ棬һƳԶв죺常㡢㾹Ȼ˵һһף˵ĪģδһжңȻϧ棬ͻɵۣӵⷬʵҲδ֮λ
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Сһ˼
Цܴüĳޡ
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ȻǱԵ𵴣Ͼɵ۹̫¡
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ᣬҪնʱ̣ɵ۾޷Ƶģ˰ģ
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ҵġ𵤰ɵۻһ𵤱ȡʱѪ
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ðԵ
ǰãһļĶɵۻܣҲǵȡ˶ԷĽ𵤣
θԵȻȡߣʬҲŹ

ɻܡնɱɵ̨ۣһɵۣ񣬾ηѡ
ԣ㣡
˵꣬涼δһۣΨ˵һ仰
߳ţ˲䣬һɱʹһഫ
󽣷磡
ΪҶˣһ裬Ȼղɵ۶ɱ⣬󽣷硣
󽣷ɱԼȻҲ˶֡
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棬
û뵽ָһԿλ¡
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޲ԣ治ں
ڴʱȻʵ棬ʵѴﵽɵ۷˰ɣ
汧ȭĺܣ۷廹һЩ֮࣬ǰɵۣʵӦҲɵ۷ɣҲкܴ
ȷ۷壬ϣڿɼ͹ʱʵɵ۷壬һ˸ȥԴǣ¶ռһ£Ҳͷֻ޻һǸ
޻
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ʵ֪ԶԶȻҲ֪Լϡ
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սʵͨԪ¡
Ϲߣ֮ǰնɱɵʬץڵʼɵ۵˲ء
ֵϳΪʵԵʣһɵۣ۷ʵһ־Ҫȫѹԡ
ΣղɱΪۣһֻ֣ǽԷܣԸơѪΪۣʤ


2609 ΪϹֲ
һԣֲ֪ʵһڵΪ
Ҳ࿴Ƹ񣬽ŵƷԪԡ
ŵƷԪչѰҲۣɵΪΪĸҲδһµõôƷԪ
ԪɵĪô֮Ԩ⻷󲿷ùԻһЩʣڣѪ⣬ֻԪܾʣų
˺ñչѰȻۺ졣
޽ѡʮΪʤߣʮøǰɼ͹ȵȨ
ϣظһ磬Ϊʮף
ϣÿһŵƷԪõţ뿪֮ʣְиš
͵õʮŵƷԪȻԶ˽µĽ


֮Ծ濪ʼС
潫ŵƷԪᡣ
ȻԪҪҪǵĬĬˡ
ڣ
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ϴһһ֮Сһ࣬߶ڻͼһɺϹ󷨱⡣
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ಣ
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СزشϹ֮С
գҲֲϹԺΪ˵ϹݣѾɹӵʮԼء
ķ֣ϹѪһЩѿʼ봩Ѫѿںϣγɸ״Ĵһ
ӵйϵֲϹڣں֮УȻҲϹٴĻָҲΪ
ջ񣬾ǴѪѿϹĬĬ仯
һҲöл½ڵš
û棬ܾţûԴѪѿΪںƺ«
Ҫܳʱ䣬ɵϣϹԼʮںϡ
治żѼΪο
һֻһѰԪ౦ΪϹԪ񣬻ָʶ
·֮ʱ޼ЩˣȨҵıҾͲ£ûԪ౦
ͻȻ͸һ˿ɱ޼˾ս졢桢һǶúõţȻɽ磬ǾڲԶˣ
бʮ꣡
ڼϹءںϸһܳʱ䡣
ȴò뿪£ΪȥظΪɼ͹ȼ֮
ͨƻδȬԪǻָġ

ظ
󽣷Ӵˣͬʱظʮɵۣ
ÿ˻ظӵжʸɵ۶ȥֺ󽣷磬Ψ桢Խ뷿䣬ŲʵΪ
ڣ濪ʼͫ
ͫ׷֮в֮ߵͨһЩͬУһͨһ󷨱ҿͬʱں
ɵ۵񣬿һʱ䣬Ҳʮ꣡
ͨʵδﵽɵ۸߶ȡ
ݣ
˫֮ͫУȻ˽ɫ˿ߡ
Щ˿߾֮Уͫȷ˿ҪϸС
֮У˫ͫҲʱΪɫʱ͸žͫ׻档
ãüĳһѪѡ
Ѫ֮󣬱Ϥ׷ۣ֮
۹߶֮ͫʣü˫ںѪ֮УЩƵģԵ߶ͫ׷֮Ҳ΢΢
׷֮۴߶ȫںϣһЩ߲׵磬׷֮֮бߣʱʱɢüΧͫڣҲһЩ߲׵һ˿˿˸
Ȼϣȥͫ׷ۣ֮һ˵ҲںϣһЩ仯
̣
׷ۣ֮ȫ߲׵籼ߡ
˫Ҳڽӡһɿֲ߲˫֮зڣ߲߲һ𣬿׵硣
߲׾ϵĴ󲿷־Ҫӡ߲ԪӾӴ
ݣ
ãһһΣ
ںӡѪֻҪں˲ӦþȭһЩѧ޷ȭʽҲȴ󲿷ѧǿ̫࣡
뿪£
Է䣬ͶҪúںӴԷΪԴ
ȻҪʷĪҪʡ
꣬Ȼ֮УԼԼһͷͻ
ӡӦñҺʣϧûԵעһʱ䣬ص֮


2610 
Լ֪꣬̾ͨʮȥᡣ
ǰѪЫаʮɵۣڵȴ
֣˶֪Ҫȥɼ͹ȣ֨սɱΪÿһɼ͹ȿһѪȷ硣
λȥʹϣ֮ǰҪһ㣬ʹǵۡȥʵʵĪҪǷǣ
֮ǰִżֳ֡
󽣷ҲУΧǿߣֻһɵۣǼ˺ܿ졢ɵۡ
˵꣬һʮˣĬĬ뿪ظ
гɲһͳΣ·ʮһȨߣȻǸ߸ϵĲ
ʵ۸߸ϣ֮Уܼ˵ģֻжչѰѪЫаҲԼһ档

ʹλڳ룬ΧֲʮλʹУûʹΪء
ˣҲֻʹǰζûܸŶȥͨɵۿԽȥλչˣ֮Ԩʥأ
һ·þ޴ɫɽ壬͵ؽĳǽȻӳǳǽһԼܼĹ
Ŷԣ洫
ҲΪ𺳣֮Ԩ̫á
ʹɽ粻ʲôһǳóҲȻʹģ󣬵֮Ԩȴʥ
ܳϳ£ɻʵǿѲߣظ޷ȡ
ţҲҪֺ˲ݣܴ̤ʹ
ھһذ壬øֱʯĥɣɻʹϢ˷ֻʹڵԱ
ʹ治򵥣Ӧ̲ز󷨣ʹϢõʥء
ʹһԺ󽣷ȻסѪЫаǿԺΪģסΧ᷿֮С
עʮͨɵֻۣסڸΪƫԶ᷿
ָհźã໥֮䣬Ĵ߿ԱŲץʱ
øϽָҴ߶СǧǧʱĸʧȥطҪԸɵ̫ˣɵۣһоܺɱң
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ţͬʱ󲿷ѪڣҪط
ӡɽ׷֮ۡСҲڲں֮Уͻɵ꣬ۺʵȻδﵽ״̬

ʹһԷ
磬Ҳ鵽䣬ھǲԶԺظֱӻһȥնɱ
ڶڹԺΧɢ졣
빬ڣѬ붫һ𣬶ѬԵ㷲
οӲõģ̤ɼ͹ȣȻڣθΪ֣ն
Сң桭뵽Ѭί䡣

ģͻȻվšӡˣ㲻
𣿡ȻѬѪָЦ绨
ɼ͹ȿִ£ЩصʿȻǻģʿֳ֧ӹƾǴʿӣӵλҾͲ˵ˣԺһ𣬱˵㣬Ǹ״ˣҲΪԽĴڣ
ǵȻӿһǿ֮УΪǿĴڣ
ͱȥΪһϵģȥݼӣ
˵꣬ѬѾ뿪˴

£
Ϲءں֮УѪѿޱ棬Կںϣܵõһ֣ϴ衢ıϹָʱֻʣٻԪ񡭡
ռڣʩչöɲԴ󲿷Ѫ棬ǰƯһӡռ䡣
ͷǿƾϹ֮Уһֻ꣬˯ˡ
ֽӡ븽治ںŸַ
Լʮ꣬һȻ־
뿪µ˲䣬ںϣ֪֪ͨҪ׼ãҪʱɼ͹ȳ
ڴˣ磬շ̳ʯķ̳ΪɣѾʻ𽥱ͨʯ顣
ʯȥУʧһݽߣʯҲͳΪͨʯ飬޼ֵ
ãԺͻȻвϢ֡
ҲܿõԺоۼÿɫѪЫаüҲɱ
֣ظǱǿ׳
ȴ֮ʣͻȻмԺ
ֻ󽣷繪ӭһλ˶λһ֮һƽʥͼڣ˸о̫
ݼ
ѪЫаʮŻ̤빬Ժߺ

Ҳһ
Ǵ֮УյߴӣСһŷ١
ĩˣ湪ͬʱע
гҲв꣬ڵгǴ󲿷֣֪ģδڲйصһЩϢҲղ١
ʵޱǿ֮ԨԵ֮һʲôڲǰϡ


2611 ʿ
Щ꣬һЩǳʵΪӣߴӣÿһ̺󲻷
󽣷繪ӭӵǲλӣŷ١
ǲյӣг֮Уκμŷ٣Ӵϲ
гǣ󲿷ʵߴƿأԣߴгǣνֻ졣
󽣷ٲãظ֮⣬ҲһȻŷǰһСˣ
һ飬Ϊݡ
󽣷֮УӦŨɱ˵жɱԼ
˼ֺΪõظŷٵȨҲһвٴγģֻЦ
ŷٿҲ̫󽣷磬ֻڹԺ֮ߣȻŸȥ
ҹ
ظʮˣԾ־ۼ
ϷùŮΪϲ裬һΣѡʮǿߣҲõչˣڴࡣ
λ
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ɼ͹ǰ¸ʮ׼οܶκˣҪģʮλɼ͹ȵıΣغŲܴɼ͹֮лöٱ;ӵжٲƸƸԽ࣬Ҳͺùˣ
ǷõĸֵҩԪԼÿǧ꿪ڲõԴƶģζţǵõԴôǧ꣬иԴΪʹͣУ
ɼ͹ȿǵĶֲǣҲгǵжԹϵɼ͹ȿ˫ĵˣЩɢޣԼһɼ͹֮УǾᱦǳɼ͹ȿ֮ʣֻܺԴУ룬һ벿õԴδǸ׳󣿡
ӦûһЩʱգʱǿߣǿԽɼ͹ȸţ֪ζᱦǿߣ
þ֮һ㣬˵·ܶ˶δһʱ仺
桢ЩҪɼ͹ȵǿߣĸľս
ɢȥص᷿
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渵ʿǺܾûǿߣûдչڳǳڣԼĳطһĶޣԸǴ֮Ԩӳȥ
ʿȻӳ֮ԨΪĿꣿ
мΪ𺳣ԭֹһˣ뾡һҪӳȥ
ĥƬ̣ʵ˵˼ΪѵڲгǣʿǳӴ󣿡
ɬһЦɻڴ֮ǰ֪ʿڣֶڳǳһأϵľͷ
ѵ𣿡
ճǳأ֮¾ʮ
ʵǶֻΪͨȨߣ˵ˣǲгǵܼͨңһЩѰ֮ǳߴҵȶվߴͬڵģʿ
ʿλһߣ
ʵҲһλʿ

˺ܳʱ䣬ʵޱǿһλŽƳǳأЩʿҲһֲϹ֣ʵǿ󣬾ǻ˺ܳʱ䣬һǴɽ֮ϣ½ǿߡ
˼Ļش
һͣˡ
гϲƿسǳأһʿʿǳأʿڳǳصȨһġ
Ϊˣʿ棬ǳؿȥ޷оʿĿ¡
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½ʿǿߡ
һתȻ뵽ĳЩһĻ档
ʿҲɳĸ֣ɼ͹ȣȻɳ˲࣬һһɼ͹ȣмĪȥʿĻǳҲԻס㣬ֻҪ޷㣡뿪֮ǰ϶
ɫޱȣ˼з磬֮ԨȻһ½Ĵڡ


Ժڣʮλ־ۼ󽣷硢ѪЫаȸִ죬һټĹ㳡
Ѭ
㳡дֵȴһ̤͸ӦϤϢ
ԭǶĶѬжԼ
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Щ˶ԣǼһ𣬼Ϊᡣ
ŷЩǰûƢ
氵ӦЩˣµŷ١
ŷپȻûȥӴʮһ죬ЩˣŷٿͿԴѣû֮ǰǸ߸ϡ


2612 ʿ
ʮӦþʿǿߣ
濪ʼЩ֣ǣЩһɵΪǵʵ졣
ζţʮ֣һɵۡ
ɽ磬ӵԽˣ٣컯šǬЩܼԽţط٣ûȵ֮ԨһӼʮˣ
ʿµĴĿ⡣
һĨЦݣԣʴžԲ࣬Щ˻޷ԣһúװ׸ң
ȸ߲㣬ȴΣڼҲȷʮŮŮȻһʿǿ¡
֪ʿʵӦ࣬ζţ֮Ԩľͷ١
ŶѬ㻹뱨𣿡
ȻŰ֮⣬һɭɭĿ⣬ɱ⣬Ϯ
üһɨҡҡͷĮȻ򶫷Щ֮УѬһ˫հĿ⣬ԶԶԼ
вмЦһɼ͹ȣصˣ˭ҵնɱԾ󻼣
Ǹӣ
Ȼȥ˶ѵ붫ϵܺãʵͲõһλʿϵڲгǣǵһ
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Ŀ֮£ڶһظ󽣷һȥӭϴߴ
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мʿǿߣŷ٣һݼҲʶһЩ֡
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Ǽ˲ǿߣһϢԶԶǶ֡ԶǷļ֡
ϧ̫Զвǿߣ޷ϸϸ鿴ǵϢ

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˵Ϊȷɲ⣬ɽ磬Ψ޼ԼоϤޱϢ
ŷֻһλλǿ߻ʾ⣬һǿߺ¸֣
ʱΪ׳ۣٶǿߣɵۣƯڻʳϷٻʹ󷽡
ӪžͷΪʹʿһٶǿߣԶгǶȥ

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ټһյأΪ⴦յأԽȥʵû˿̤ɼ͹֮С
Ϊ⴦ɼ͹ȣ̺һĪֻһӣɲгǡǡǿǿߣһͬأκ˶˽̤С

գԲгⷽٶǿߣһͬɵۣûһɻʡ
ǰɼ͹ȡ
ظⷽʮǿ֮УԶԶͷŸӦȺɽ֮Уһ޹ϵϢ
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֮У˵ϴ󣬾ҸӦ޷͸Щ͸ɼ͹ȣֻһܣɼ͹ȱĳǿƷӡˣⲻһȻյأ
ﵹһϷӡ̳ħжʮɵأǾɼ͹ڣ
֮УһԵķӡ
ǵӡǽһ̳֮ϣ˷ӡ΢΢ӦжʮǿϢǷӡΧء
ǲгĿ湻ģ
ͻȻԶʮĵطһЦ


2613 ٣ϣ
ǵǿߣ
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ƶԣͨʽѴ󲻷
Ǳʮһ֮һ̤붴ǳԼ滨ζ
в󷨣Ҳ׼ʳź֮˲ǳԺȣǳȥ
桢ԸңĴϤŻص֮Ϣ
󲿷֮ʵƻм꣬Żɼ͹⣬ʱһͬ


棬뿪
ȶҲټ£˾ۼһá
˵˵մ¥Ǽ£޷ͽ棿
ŷ٣öҲΪŷһˡ
ŷԶԶƳһظ֣˸ʱ磬ұȻѬֻعʱ£Ҫһϻ򵥣Ī£֣ʲôأҲҪ常ͽ䣡
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ŷ١ŷֵܣԻʹʮǿߣͨٶȷǰƬ
ظⷽ˽ÿ˴
ɼ͹һ̣ᷢ´䣬ȽõԴúװУŴɣǧĪŽңЯ﷨ɼ͹ȣΪ֮ǰʹǿ߻Ӧκν䣬һְЯ﷨͵նɱ
ڴÿС
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ԭɼ͹ȣ˭뵽Ҫ̵һЩô
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ͷҹ񣬲Ǵͷּͷҹ֮Уַһҹ񣬾Ȼǵ걻ͷҹ
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ͻȻ䣬ֳּӰӣһβǴ߱𣬶ǻûεһӡ
ΪһѪԲԵĸͷС̧ϣһȥ˫ۡ
Ա߻һ꣬ȫǶ񭣬һȣһСһࡣ
ҹ񣡣
ǳٵһ˲䵨麹ֱð
ÿɵ˫ͫ󿪣Ӷһſżۿ
ǸϵϢ½ǰһѵʱ˿̣淺ϲҹһ࣬Ƕꡣ
Ҳʮ꣬Ƥ԰ף϶ǶԼ˺ۣʬߴĿģ˲ٿͷÿһ·þȫ
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ǡ
ܶ˲ɵ⡣
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˼ʣڿʲôʱ֮дɿľ
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𣿡
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ಣ
ǿ߿֮Уһֻֻȫëһɿ󣬴֮зɳ


2614 ٣£
ֻʮֻɿ󣬶ͷֻɿĴͷǰ׷˲һ𣬾ȻΪһ׷ߡ
ԭϼһʥϹֻ֣ҹɪɪĵЦ
ɿĿʥϹ֣ͷһʮ꺢Ӳ࣬ݵĺܡ
һӣɼ͹ࣿ಻ӣܵõԴҪ֪ɼ͹ȣÿ˶Ȩһĵط
ҹ˻ƿһȻ㶼ˣӦҲ˰ɣ
ʥϹֵȻǻģ˵ǧǰȥϷɽǿػĴӦ˵˰ɣ
о
̸Զǿǣ
Ϣڳÿ˶ϷȻһɽһľӰ콵٣һ޹֣˸Ҫ̵ⷽ
εȾ޹֣
ǿ߶̲סߡ
ಣ
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ɽߣŲһͷݵ𣿡
ΪûΣӦݵɽߣÿʥϹ֡ҹɵ㿴ɽԱʮͷڣΨɽǣ

ǿǶ෢ӵݡ
Ͼղһ̣ٵḶ́ÿ޷ݡ
Ϲ֣Ȼ˶ˣҲӦ˰ɣһأ
֮Уɽߴʮ𣬻ûεĹ
ҹ˻ƣͷѪâǼܻ࣬ģԼǣ
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ҪͷһգͻȻִǿߣ
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Ǿ֮Ԩͷ죬ڳɽ
ɽʵǳأҲֻ΢΢ˣ

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ڳɽǿ󣬲صĲɣҲλڳɽһһ
ʱڳɽ෢ˣɽߣ㵨ӿ󣬸ȥһ˹ڴ˰ɣ㣬ȻܶˣȲ㣡
ɽĵɼ͹Ƚҵȿһ󣬿ܷһ֣󣡡
̫˰ɣ㡭ɽߣ
벻棬һǿƵ޶Եٲ
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ɽ־޹֣ˣ
Ŵз˭֪˭Ǿ춯صǿߣҲɵΪĴڣ
ղƿնΧǿǣڰ˷һռ䡣
ʱ˿̣ɼ͹϶ͻȻ뿪һӰǵĵۿޱȣ֮ﶯ
ˣ
һˣʮˣ
гⷽǿ֮УҪԷ˭š
Ȼһ˶⣬־ǶǬϢôɵ飬Ȼ֮ԨٴǬǿߣ
ԭжǬ
ԭǡĹȡǿߣ
ǿǴ֮еĴڣǰɼ͹ȿĹȴӲȡһΪˣ
ѵõĻᰡ¾ǵǿߣҲδĹȵǿԴ֮УɽΪǿɽ컯ǬŵĴڣ

ǡгǡɽ䣬ǿǣٵʮλǿߣɵ
ǿߣҲ˫һơ
һǿףǲǴһۣиֱ׻塣
бһ㣬ܿǵĴ󲻷ǶҲ޷óֱס
컯š
Ǭš
ɵǣĹʮǿ߽٣ͳͳʶͷһֶǿƵĳ
Ĺȶ˵Ǻεȴڡ
ɼȻ컯šǬΪĹ֮ԨҲɽ磬ǰԵ
ȻʮĹȵǿ֮߳󣬾ҹ񡢿ʥϹ֡ɽףҲѡĬ
ɽȴЦĹδɼ͹ȣɽĶҲҪСԴĹȱԴɽǺöƵССɼ͹ȣ
һλĹߣǬŵӣȴһɱ¾ϢЦɼ͹֮ԨĹȻҲȨѵҪͨǾɣ
ĹҪҪɼ͹ȣǼ飡
ʱһƬͻȻӲгǡǺѹ
ˣ

޹֣ԼɽĹڳɽ¶Цݡ


2615 Ĺ
ӭ
ǡгǿǣ׷׹
ո񣬾ͼʮƾճ֣ΪӴâǿߡ
һߵĺӣģϢâںϣ²ǿʢҲ޷ݵơ
ҲһӣӲͬȥʮ꣬ͷŨüܿһЩϢʱʱڰĳع켣
ǿģͬǵޱȡ
ǿ߶Ĭˡ
氵пǿߣߺһǲǵĳ
ʼǲ²ݣ˴ʮ𳬹ʵǿӺϣгǱԴһϢ֮ȷ˾Ǹ߸ϵĲ
Ҳ֮ԨΪصʿ֮һ
ǿ湻ģ
ٲĹȵˣҪ˽Կɼ͹ȣ
ҹ񡢿ʥϹڲԶٿ⿴Ĺʮǿߡ
һɨĹȣĹǺǿҵȲòϣκһĶ֣ǣǼ֣ĹȿҲǶְɣ
ߣ
һ֣Ĺ֮һͷֻձɽ磬֮ԨˡϰˣǰһĪҪ̫ţɽҪ㣬ɳǵȴͷֻ·һ
ﵱһ˫ͫŨŨŭ𣺡ѵﻹǲɣȻ컯šǬŵĶ֣֮ԨĹκ
ʱһµĲ򿴲ģѵ֣֣ôĹȾҵĵˣҲѣĪȥĹȣҪɼ͹ȣҲðչ죡
λ׷ԲԵĿʥϹ֣վ֮Ԩɼ͹ȵĹأǵҶģ˭Ҫǲعأɳɵ۽УҿʥϹ֣һӦĹΣҿʥϹɿһ壬ɱǣЩԨ֮УĹȻҵң
ǣ
ԳɽľʯͷڳɽҲͷЦ

Ĺⷽ
λһ֣֮У߳ʮλɵۣһͲǸ߽λɵۡ
ͬʱһɨĹɳʮˣȻǹأĹҲƣģĹȲ۸ǣ
ҹѪЦǺǵǾͺãˣУ֮Ԩµɱ¾ʱʱһɱֲĹȣ
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̳òٿʯնɣҲһĶشСԼʮɣ̳ͷһ󷨣ӡţڴΧֶʮˣǲǴɵۡ
ЩĹȡгǡǡɽ䡢һǿߣɼѡǿߣڣֹܷκһ˽Խɼ͹ȡԴ

гⷽ˶ɼ͹ǰС
桢֮Уʵ
ڵ쵽ʱˡ
ʮ˾ۼ֮ոճĹɳʮɵ۽ȣԴֻҪ⼸֮УնɱĹǿߣܵõΪ
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֣ʾ˵ģִĹǵĴУ֮ԨǿƣҲɽ磬ɽѹǣĹУɱɱɱԴΪ
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˰лӦ
ˣ컯šǬűҵĵˣĹ棬Ǿǣνһʰ
֮УΪġ
ҲնɱĹǿߣƵʵЩţ治ͬ
·컯ɽܵĲܵĳ裬Ⱳǣɼ͹֮УõĻᡣ
ؼɱʮɵۣʬùԻԼǿ
һõĺ£ܲ
ȡд෨ֻ¹෨ÿϽԸӦ
ÿ˷һö䣬ӦǳΪɼ͹ȿרƳġ
˭ȥɱĹǿߣ
Ĺǿᡢ裬˭ҵǣֻ·һɱǵˣԾĹ
ɱǵˣصñʱҲܣΪǣȥĹΪаɣ

һߣǿɢȥ֮ǰһ۵Сۡ
ȴģһӣٴټˡ
һµǿߣʮ˾ʮˣɼ͹ȷ̳ǰ
Ҳǿߣ
ǳʿǿߣİٶԵöӴ
ⷽҹɳʮͷûεĴʥϹ֡ɽҲɳһִ
ʱ˰ɣɽĹڳɽʮˣ׼뷨̳
ɣ
ĹһЩͷ


2616 ɼ͹
ᣡ
ҹɽߡʥϹ޹֣մһӡǡ
ڳɽĹȼ֣ҲϽӡ
ʮͷ˲ͬʱһӡǣǷ̳󷨡
ˣ
̳ʼ𶯣ǵ󷨷ӡȻΪһ۾ڡ
ɱʹɣ
Щʮȳȥ
Ǽǵãֻʱ䣬κһʱҪץס
Ҳһ̣Ԫʮɵۡ

ǿߣһѷڣ桢ԵӰӣûС
׳ۣ·ơ
Ⱥ֮Уǲ桢ͷųƣͱǿ֮С
һ̣о·һ
ಣ
һɿصĽӹͷ
ǰһΣΧϵˣͻȻǰǸԼԼǿߡ
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ɼ͹ˣ
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֮ǶѬԼʮǿߡ
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Ѭһ˫ĿҪһ㣺СֻҪ桢Ҫߣٹ
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ĺݣ治룬װȥΪƴֵ̫ã
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ĪԹҵȣԷһʿǵʿ͵ڵʿ󷽵ĴͷǳֺõĴڣ
Χˣ֮ǰһ
ȻȶѬɱǵѡ棬һȥ
ԲȻŭǡ
߰ɣߵԽԶԽãǲǷҵģΪƴͬҲǷǵģ
Ψ滹һݣ
ˣЩ˽С֮
ˣﶯֲ̫ãߣ
ǿ߱ʱǿקԣȥ
ʶʱΪܣ棬Ҳɱ㣬ǾҶһǰͷһٴΣȻŹ㣡
Ѭʿ꣬ڰ׺׷ɱٶȡռơ
ǾһȺˣʼΧɱֻ
ǰͻɼ͹ȣΧȻ
桢ڷһŹ֮£֣˺ԥһͷ˽ȥ
ٻͷĿ⣬ЦҪһҲӲˣɱ٣
Բ£ˣɱ˶ѬǶػ뾡ɱ㣬ҶѬӶ飬ɱӣ

˷ֺ֮УһЩҶ׹¡
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ԶԶܿЩĵطбժɹĺۼӦǧ֮ǰʱժȡ
ǧ֮ʮ졣
ΪΣҪӡɼ͹ȣȷϿʱڣԼãʱʱ̿˽ôŹͻᱻٵδҲ˷ѵˡ
ǧһ죬һǧ꣬ϳ죬Ϣĳ״̬
ȥɼЩװ봢䣡һͣԶԷȥ
Сӣˣ
˵ʱʱ죬ڶϢһϮ
Ǹ涫ѬԱǸʿ
Ǹ֣Խһ׷棬һӣһƬâִâ֮гһɽ
һڵƷƲУֻһƷʣΪѰķˡ
ʱһϮǶ֡
Ѭӵһ㣬ʿ걧ȭѦ磬
СģǹµˣȻҪΪС㣬ɱˣ
ʿһ䣬ӵĿ⣬һɨ棬оԼλߣѦɱ˲٣δɵΪɱһһɵۣ
治мҪɱңҵңЦЦѦأҿɱңգɱ㣬ɱ㣬У

ѦЦǿǣҲˡ
ΨжѬѦ磬׻ܶɵۣܴ⣬Ҳ׼֧ԮѦ磡
ǣ֮УһΪɵۣ߶ɽ׼š
Ѧһֻ϶޷λȥҾһУնɱѦŭˣƲϱ·ɽ˹ֲͷš
ʵɵ۷徳磬ʱͻ죬ΪʵѳԽɵۣ
ϧ˲֪ҵʵȴ֪ģɱУһо㹻ˣ
ͬʱҲץһڵ۽ɽȻġ


2617 ɱʿѦ
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Ѧǵ֮Уɽ֪ע
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۵һһɵۣ߶ɽԼ濹⣿
ѦǷӣߵغ
ۿɱɽҪһ˲Ϣû棬ŷս·һ㡣
ۣ
ѦԼ߶ɽзսȻǿȥɽֱ
һϢѦصķӦᣬɽĲն
ͷѪ𣬵ɽһЦ֮ʣͷſٹء
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һּŽ󣬽¶Цݡ
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ݣ
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ǲҶ֣һȺ߹ξϺ
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ЩȥΧʼɽ
ݣ
ɽƣΪѹֻѡܡ


2618 ǹ
ܸϢᣡ
࣬ݹƵɵԱߡ
һ֣ڽͶ빥֮УŽƣɱ㹥Ƶ档
طԱ赲·ߡ
Ѱʱֻʩչƴº쳾Щûв

һɽɱ󱳣һͷ·ҪĲӡ
ʱɽ󽣷ɱһ𣬽˲䣬潫Էɽɡ
ȻԼҲһЩѪ죬ɼһ𿪶ԷɽҲЩ
СӾǸʮһ˵κһڷɽɵ۷壬ǿȻԸ֮ɽ濹⣡
⣬Ʒɽһǿߣ
˱ɱһǱ˿£δεҲʵı̬
ʩչº쳾֮ǰ뾡õźô߶º쳾

һһɱɽɣͬɱĴƣҲͳͳԵն顣
һڽһڣȴвһһһű飬˲ɱһӡ
ӡ
һЩӿȥΧռ䡣

սһ·նɱɽơ
ʮϢ֮󣬲ٿؽֻˣܿ죬ʣ׼УҪһƽȫԸ֡
Ȼһ̣ʼ߶ǧʱ
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ɱһˣոʬ壬ͻȻ·һ԰ס

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ΧǽɽƣһǿߵĺͻȻѸ͡
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ʱ˿̣ͻɵ۵õʯ־Уʹɾɵۣӵ֮ܡ


2619 ϲ
滺һЦΪǱЦ֮дɱˣӦñ֮ǰװɣ
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Ŀɿڴŵòɵ
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֮УԴӰأ֪ΪΣɼ͹֮Уһɾ˵ΪӦ޷͸ǧס
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ಣ
âҧסβһ˦һɾۣͻصǰ


2620 ٻ
ϲΣӵϴЧҪˣűҧŲŵϲΣֱӾͽ¡
뵽ֻʱ䣬ȥһʱʱ̫Ͻ֮ǰӦһһȡ
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ʱѿʼ׷ǰ
Ȼһ⣬棬ͷŸӦӦͷţǧ֮⣬ɵ׷ȥĵ棬һеĻ㣬
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Σ˲ɱǱǣղζ̫⣬һñǸȥ˲䣬ϴԷȥ
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ЦħٳѨɲֹɿһֲ꣬ҳɽǿߣͷ⴦Ѩһ׳˶ӣֳһڱǿһɨΧһǿߡ
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ħŨңħ·ӶҪЩͬѰ


2621 عħ
ϧħκβ˲ɽ
ɽҲһƬڣֻΪѪȡζ֮ǰȻһ·ͿյɽڲȻïܵɭ֡
ֻոͷʯƤħϢڲħ·ħǿ߲ͷų̫档
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ʱͲ˭ǣ˭Բгǻǳɽ䣬ֻɿ꣬Ҳҽ·Χħ档
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ֻ֣ʩչϻ֮ܶԿħ٣ղЩħʿ˵һħõħħɱ֮ǰǲӳֻ·һ
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ݣ
ǿǼħɷɱ߶ɽһڿתжȻһ̣㽫ħɷ顣
֨֨
һЩħҲɱ


2622 ׷ħͷϣ

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ħҲץѵûᣬɱһħɷѹƣЩħ棬ΪֲʵǿĶҺȴʹѿ
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2623 ׷ħͷ£
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2624 
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ռϷ׹ƣ޷˵׷ħͷħͷΪ̫ˣһʵʵԶԶԽˡ
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׷ħͷʩչͨ£ǲм治ϿЦҲס
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һ̣֮ڲٴ߶Сǧطʧ˲䣬ͻȻ޷ܣһѪ


2625 Ǻڰ֮ţϣ
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2626 Ǻڰ֮ţ£
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һλΪҡ޲ˣ֪컯йصİӣǵҲǼƽϣ뽻ٻ


2627 
ֳʮˣǸŭԡ
ңӾһ˵̫ˣðģ
ǡ˵֮ʿһΪƯңӣǸȻˡ
·ңӵһƷÿط
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λҲ˵֮Ԩ뿪ģҲֻĹȵǿߣ֮ԨÿʹߣҲĹȣǴԴֻܽɼ͹ȣѰϡٵԴˣĹȴĳ棬ʹƿ֮Ԩѵ㣿
֣ŭգѹǷɱ⣺ˣǸδĹȣ̫׻˵ĺãӼҲҧˣ
ҲУңӣǿԷŹǣҲҪϵĵٻעңϡ
Уøҡͷ
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·һУңӺ֣ҿ㻹ȥ˼ζѰ飬ҵ飬Ȼƽ֣


2628 ն
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2629 ɱľ
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ϻش𣺡ĹȿϽ󳬼ǧ꣬õ֮УЩ֮ԨǿǣһԼ֪ģĹʥأʥ֮вٹżͨĶЩ֮Ԩԭס񣬵֪ɽ粻š
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2630 ɼ͹ȿ
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֮Ԩжʥʿ
Ҳʮˣʥħʥõȵȣλɵ۵ʵǡгҲʿ
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һ֮⣬ȥǧʱҹʿɱ֮ʣ·һȪ泤Ŵʰ쵵Ļ䣬вٻ٣һЩʢ泤һֲɫʵֻӴСͷųâʺѤ
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2631 Сëë
ҹ湻ƻģ
գֻ΢΢ƲһЦ
ಷȪǶ̶ûӰ죬ҹסĴǿߡ

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ǡѵǴ˵֮еԪ
ĹλǿߺܿϾȪշһ󾪺Ԫֻɽ֮У֮ԨδֹԴΣɻͻɵۣŲãñ
Ԫ
һʱ䣬ڳǿߡ֪Ȫ֡
ߣ
ɿͻȻʾ뿪
ԡͬʱɿߣҲ־ʱһ֪ͨԡ
мöԪ
ԭҪ׷ɱɿĸֶ֣֮УȪ
Ǽɵɿٶȣǲ׷ȥȪ
СӣӲˣһҵ㣬ֻɿ󣡡Ĺǿ߹Ҳ֪׷ɿֻܳȪ

֮УӰն
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Ǳ׷ϣʵڵ
һͼմҹеҲһۣҺò
Щ⣬ػжҹɲ򵥣ҹҲΪ֮Ԩ˼ɵľ
һϢʮ֮ɿ棬һѨ·ء
ԣǵٻֻ꣬ҴĹֵģһһ̷꣬
ʩչغãᴢ䣬ҵٻԡ
ԹҲ֪ʲôǵٻ˿أҲױﲻ㵱̷
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Լһʱڲܵĥϵٻҩʵָ
ҲϵĵٻɣһֻҪϢʱʵ
磡
ɿʱǰ
ǸСԺˣ
ԿʥϹɿ꣬Ϳһ۵꣬Լ档
ȻóԪ档
ǣɿԷôΪѣҲգɿô꣬ǵһͬࡣ


2632 С
ȻԾɿ󣺡С𣿺ʱˣ
ٺ٣ϴɿû֣һУҾ͸Լȡ˸֣ëɫΪ
ɿܵ⣬ֶɿܣһ˽дëһ˽жëɿ󳤵Ķһëëë򵥣Ժëë
Сȡ֣ȡõģëëЦ
Сϴȡܺãϲ
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뼸˲Զһڡ
һӰٶȷΧѰҡ
֮ǰȪλĹȸ֡
ɶɿǸСӣܵĿ죬ɿпʥϹ֣ҵǲնɱǸСԲгǣһɵΪɱɱˣԪȥԪƳΪƷԪ
ѰһӣþֶΣһ
νɼ͹ȣ޷˽ԴűȥҾ֪ͨĹȸ֣һѰҼֻɿǸСӣõԪҲһݴͣ
󣬸һѰȥ

ʱ
Ѿȥһʱ䣬Ŀǰõܶ࣬ʣʱ䣬ҵǴ˵֮Уر
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Ҳһɿ뿪¡
ոգСصͷֻɿ󣺡ëëǿ֪ɼ͹֮Уر
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ϧû֪ص㣬ɼ͹ټ䲻̫ΣգڲҲλõڣطҲħʿ֣ëҲ˵
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ȻӦڶĵطȥ;ɼԴҲԽԽࡣ
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뵽Ӧ
ܿһ꣬ż˿ٷȥ
ʱ
һɽ֮УȻɳһٻӰңӡ
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㲻ǰ֮ЦЦǻȥż˭ֵģ
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С˰Ļش𣺡ħӣҿӦ˷֣Ĩɱϧһ޷ż
ħӣʿͷħʥõĵӣ
ħʥ֮꣬Ԩǿߣħħʿܵͽ䣬ħӣЩյĵӣħֶκֵõħʥøƵһ۽׹٣ʵǳǿᣡ
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ʦȷǷѩӣ֪£ɵ˴֮ԨħʥùϵΪʿͷ֮УΨһŮʿ
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õģĺڰħ壬Ҳ֪նɱ٣
ħ

ٶңӴ߶ӡǣӦһʾ⻹м͵ħ˵Ǵ
ۿҪˣһͷʵӣиܺ棡
ʱǣһĨɬңǰǸĮǧ֮ˡ
ͷһЩͷ֮Ԩĵͼ
ȷˣΪܶǿߣ뿪֮ԨŪһԨȥͬƵͼʦҲһ֡
ѵԱʥ־ͷҲû뿪֮Ԩķӣ
ʦ˵뿪ְֻ취


2633 ż
а취
һ־ǹĹȣΪǵ߹ܵõɵɣ뿪ڶȥЩص˺ԨԨ˵뿪δ˳ɹɼ͹ȣ֪Ǵ˭ﴫģ˵ɼ͹֮УĳطҲ뿪֮Ԩ

汾ǿҡ࣬ͻȻˮƵġ
Ȼң˵취֮ǰǰǲ̫еģڵ֣ɼ͹з뿪֮ԨΪδû뿪
ͷ
磬ĪǵĿ꣬ҲЩͷһ뿪֮Ԩϻ۵ңӣĶ档
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浭ͷȻˣɽ磬ޱȾʣɽʱգ貣ʥأ˭ȥɣ
صɽ磬Ҳʦһֱ룬ҴʦֻȥɽƺãʵҲгһգ뿪벻뷨һ£ҵøŬȡ磬һͬȥɽ磡
ʱңӣҸһֻողŵ۵С۷䡣
ԴˣЩӶš
ϾϹСȻִڣҲȥжһֵ뷨
ֲ⣬ʵȻͷǶиѼĵͼΪʲôóƴһ飬а취뿪
ң૿дףÿͷ룬Ƚͼóһͼ꣬λͷҲʧȥ룬ԭܶ࣬˵׶Ը֮ĹҲ·ǻ֪ͨڷӡɵǿߣ½ɱھͷ
ĬˣͻȻ뿪֮Ԩһϣֻܷ֮Уǿڰ֮š

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ңͻȻָǰʾСģԼǰ
뼸ףǰ֮Уһʯ֣ЩʯֿƲȻγɣ·ǾըγһƬʯַ档
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ףͼʬ壬·Կǡгǵǿߡ
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ۿҪӹʬ壬û뵽һЩŹֵ֡
۾ʾ⼸ڿա
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˵Ҳħʿ氵һƳ֮һǰС
ģǰһɽɽһСɽ壬֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬾ȻǶϿڴȻһϵͨƲȻγɡ
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ңͻȻȡһ߶֮󣬷ڴһȵλĹȵѣٸԽԽãڴǡгɽĸֲ٣Ҫλ֧Ԯżڱر˵õƷʲĹϵƷ
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ϲ񣬲ͨ;ʬ壬²д棬ɼ֮ǰűնɱڴˡ
䣡
һƵ𵴣ǧ
ʱѷǧ⴦Լɽ壬ǵ¼

ڣǰЩڵͨȻӭ߲߲⡣
һϵʯռĶΪʯΧǽڲͨʯһƶɵĴڡ
жʮϢɱһħС
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һ棬ɱ⡢ϲŭȻСӣֻɿҿǴ죡
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Ҳϳ˭ǶȡԪʱǸֵĹǿߡ
һĹǿߣͷɱ⣺ңӣÿնɱǣһöԪ
ңվȴδ뿪٣ѣ
ΪٵĹǿߣɣǵңӣһĸӲϵȻѣ
ңֿһĹǿߣ̷£ȥѰżҪʱ̣һƷʲĵƷôҲԪǿһЩɣ


2634 Ǵϣ
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ãȥѰӡǣǼãԪǱɣ
˲һ֣ɱⲻ̷·ȥ
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һңӣֱһĻŭţΣЦݷ·ʤǴʢĻ䡣
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ëëһ͡
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һٿΧ̲֮ס棺ֵĵط̫棬ɼ͹ȻҪŨ屶ﶨǿĴ󣡡
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䣡
˼ʣԱһѪӰӳһ
ֻһû󷨣󷨺ˣǹûܵ˿𵴡


2635 Ǵ£
⡭
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һһת󣬵˿ƾ߶ɵΪҲ޷
ңĪţҪ뿪Ӧż˵ԣõڲĴУǿֻҪһжʧ
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ΪңȻ֪˭ɱ
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֣̲סڿˣҵҲţʱǾͷ
ȻƺܿЩǿͷ֪ǽ޷ȥУһΪ˵ҲǾͲ̫Ƿ뿪󣬻ǹϽͨ
ңӳ˼ţΧǿһһ붴ߴ󶴸ԱУǡǲܶһֿͨϣ
ǾԼѡĸνȻǿʶ˵ÿһͨأһΣգ
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2636 ⶴ
桢ԡңӡСëë֮ⶴʮ˵棬ʱʣ¼˻ԥ
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ⶴ˲䣬ֻǸоһ
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ڶǷ볾ǰﾹһʯˣ뼸ɱɱȥ
ղǸгǸ֣Ҳһʯ˲ס
Щ֣ǣʯõͨгǸʩչһģһٿ⼸֣ǶԸʯˣٶҲһ
ѾмʬڵϣǱʯɱ
ӣ
һѣƱʯĲ٣תҪߡ
Ȼʯ׷һٶֻһƣ㽫ȥֱ֣֮ʩչͬ
ùһĻ˸̶ʮϢͼʯ뼸ɱѷѽ⡣
ؼû˿˵ʯˡ
ԵһſŴңЩʯ˺ǿߵķٶȡͨһ£ʵҲ࣬ô£
ЩߣܵһЩܣͨ󣬿Ըƴʵû뵽֮еĴ󣬽ܼʶ
ңӷ·𿴳ʲô쳣𺳣ЩʯˣǼָƷʵһͨҲһҪ󣬱ɱʯˣ޷ɱʯɱһߣղߣʯ˵һ󷨣ֻлٵʯ˲ܽ
ޡ޷ȥʿȻɵͫ׷Ŵ󣺡ʦˣҲ޷ʯˣ󣡡
ֻѡ񣬵һҲ޷ȥһֻǿдȻڶռ䣡ң


2637 Ѳʯˣϣ
Ȼ亹ֱð־֮еκһȥûаմҪȫûڴˣҲȴȥ󣬵õУǻܻȥ
ôźã
̾Ϣ棬ֲÿڡ
ʱ˿̣ûκö⡣
ۣ
ԥ֮ʣȫģʯ˰Եǻ˲
һɱʯ˲ʧˡ
ɵΪ֣Ҳò³Ȼʿ볣һ㵨

˽ڳĬͫǸǿߵʬζ
ΪʿȻңӴʱ˿̣꣬ǰ
һվ˳֪ʲôʱ򣬶Ȼڼǰ翣ڴ˵Ⱥȥ󣬵ҵ֮˵
硭ңӵĿ档
߸ֶ˫޷ǰ
ԡС𡢴ëëֻĬĬĿ棬ǰǶԣް취Ӧԡ
㡢Сӡ
֪뼸ʯɱǿߺ󷽣Բгǵǿߣ֣ûӡ
ˣ
뼸ֲ紦ͻȻǰֻһЩâͻȻУ𽥸ִʯ
ʯܿ컯Ϊһʯûоµ٣忴Ҳмơ
濴𽥸ֲȻ󷨣ʯӵдһģ࣡
ಣ
ʯ˻ˣûչ壬涯һ¡
ҲʯҲᶯɲȥ
ʱʯ˸ܡ
Ҳ˿̣֣ƺҲӾ֮УǾҲ֡
ȻɱʯˣҲֲͣ
һ֣Ӧóɽǿߣ۵Χ˵ȿɿʯк
ҿֻнʯ˴飬ͨһ㣡һλ֣˵
ѵҪһֱȥ
ʲôʯܣһͷµġ
ಣ
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˽ⶴ
һӣҹ񡢿ʥϹ£Ǿɽǿߡ
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ϢϤˣѵ汾⣬ɵݣĺӿϮ¶־ȡ
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һʿԼгĸ֡
Ȼɱһӣ˫Ѫ֮У׷Ŵš
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Ա߼ʯֵǿߣЦһҪ군ˣ
ˣ
Ȼന˲紦ͻȻһɿâһЩʯٻΪһനͺƵʯˡ
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നһҪת˳֣Ҫ˲䣬ͻȻǸʯˣҲһĶനһɱӺ
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Ը֣ȻʯȴԱ֣ŵһ麹һ޷ܹʯһƣֻӲһƵס
أ
һ棬츳ơ
һƱȻȻʯһƶϣûнʯ𿪣˰벽
׷ɱˣһĻûҪɱനһһɱɽ
നĿѣоΣֻܼ˳֣ʯ˹ĸɱͬĿȴ֣ന
ô£޷ףͫ׷Ŵ󣬿ΧʯֵļˣͻȻʶʲô
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ʯɱһƣϧന޷Ըǿߣʯס˲䡣
ۣ
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⼸Ӧ£Ӳгǻʹǿ߰ɣڼ֮⣬Ŀന̣Դӣ֣ȻЩ졣
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û˿ڵʱֻˣָոտനʬ壬ƺҪȡʬڵĴ䡣
˭֪ǰΧˣоâɲǣʯ˳֣ǰ
ʲô
֮ǰᵽڲߴ󷨣Īǵһأ
Ҽǵനٶȱ̬ղȴ׻ɱʱʯ˳֣ǲлɳˣ
ˣû˼ȥȡϴ䡣
һһʯҲһ߳һ飬ʼ߶ɽҪʯˡ
벻ʯ˾ȻҲյһץһʯ


2638 Ѳʯˣ£
⡭ǿ߸ոմ߶ɽȻʯ˵䣬Ĳᣬȴɱһ

һʯһٶȣǴ̳Ľ·ԼĽۣһģһ
սһԣ໥𻨣ȴû˭ܽԷƻ⣬൱
Ҳȹ£׷׶ʯ˳֣һǶٶȣǿ̶ȣʯһģһ
ʯˡ
עٹעǣ
ǿǰԼмƵʯˣһֱֳĬ
ңӡСԡȻëëֻܣԶĬĬȴ
⴦ҪأǸƿܣÿ봳ʵһģһǿȡʤΪɱεʯҲӵ൱ĿһԼλԼս
뵽滹ǹһƣɱȥ
飡
ʯ˵ķӦٶȣ൱
һԣ͸оұЩ顣
һƣֻɱֻΪʯ˵ƺɱࡣ
ಣ
ֶˣ
潫ٶոɱɣʯ˾ͽֻһɾ롣
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䣡
ڼԲͬƷɱʯ˻һһסռ˿ˡ
ڴм˽ȴ֮ǰǰçײǵ֪һı̬Զűʯ˲ɱ
ɽǿߣԷնɱʯˣʯҲͬʯʯɲǣͽ߻ɱ
ڳˣԲǶ֣ͨȭʯ˲ɱҲʩչʯʩչһܽ߻ɱ
ʩչͨȭͷͨʯ˻УҲᵱɥ
û취ǡ
İʱȴ֮еԣκϣֻĬĬҡͷ
Ȼأһа취ƽ⣬ЩʯˣҲȱ㣬ֻǡûзְˣ
ʱûٶʯ˳֣ʯ˱֡
һЩɵ۾ָš
ʯǵĶͨ뷨
𽥣ų˼֮Уҵ취ƽ⡣
ƽʯˣܷҪ
ѵʯԼ뷨˼ά
ͫ͵ķŴ󣬷·ץסʲô
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Ųأʯ˵ĲҲͬʱ̤أٶ΢һˡ
ʯ˳ʱڼܽٶ˵Ǵ̫ʯٶȷ仯;ܿ׷ϣⷴ˵ʯӦû˼άֻģ´߶
뵽ĿԽ
Ȼʯû˼ά㣬ҹκǿߣҲܵģʶĿܣǡǡҲ˵ʯֻͨģ£
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濪ʼӡʯҲڽӡֻǱ淢֣ʯʼķӦ붯ʼҪһЩ֤ʯֻģ´ߵĶ
㡢СȥĪϷҲ봳󣿡
һЩֻ֣Ҫʯ˲ɱһȻˣ㱣ʯ֣Ϣ
һЩǿ߷涯ţЦһЦ
ǣңӡȻԵˣҲ֪澿ʲô
ӡ
滺һƻӶ
ʯҲһɱһơ
濴ʯĳʱٿԼӡڲӡǵġ
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Ȼϣʯֻģһ֣޷ģӡ
һƣûɱֻǵһЩ
ʯˣüɫ裺ʯ֮޷ģӡΪŹû˼άʯ˴Ҳ޷ƴߵĹǹԽʯģѡ
䣡
ɱһƣӡʯƷԡ
һײ֮ûκʯˣʯҲûл档
û뵽ʯȻ޷ӡͨȻģ³һƣеԭʯ˵ܣʯ봳߶һ£ʵû˼ά޷ƴͨأģʼ޷ģ¸
һӵõȷϣ·Ҳҵͻƿڡ
Ǻǣ
ͻȻЦЦ
˷ˣ
˭ʱ޷ʯˣҲһ
Χ֣ɵЦһϮ
ʣ˶ˡ
Сǧ
ЦȻֹǸֶ·Ҳ㶯֣ƺҪʯ˾ȥ
Ȼ˲֪ǣڴ߶ططýӡκζ
ʱֶһ緢ࡣ
ʵϣڴ߶ĵ£Ϊۣʼ߶Сǧ
˯ȥ
ʮϢ˲Īʯ˵֡
Ųеʯˡ
װŪ
ǿ߿Ū
ȻһһĿ࣬Ϊǿ߳һʯ˾Ȼٸȥ
ô£ѵƽ󣿡
ֻһɵۣʵ󣿡
ΧǿһɲǼ䣬ƿԣֻ̲ס


2639 ź쳾ڷ
ɹˣ
ңο̲סۿʪ
ӡ
ȻĶһһЦĬĬ۵ס
ֵܵȷ츳ˣ󣡡ƺ֪ң˼ȻȻ̹¶΢Ц
ˣ
Ŀɿڴǿǣʯ߹
ʯ˻ʧҲһ̤Ӧǽһ󷨣ֻŹʧ
ãʯ˵ܾǡ
ûжԾ󣬶Ǵ߶ԪСԡңӡȻˡ
˵˸֮һ䣺һҪĹֶΣɱʯһֲЧİ취
лֵܣȻимѡ
λֵܣٸǣδ󣡡
ǰ
ҶǵѣҶԲгǣ
Χ֣ҪƵģʱ浱һԴϣܡ
ʧǣƾʧ
˽֮㣬򡭡
գûеõĴܣһ

һУ涼ں
Խһ޵Ľ磬һռֻһĶΧڷŲٱǵҩǷǵ۽ףвصķ
Ȼһ⣬ھͷһϤĹţź󷽾ǵڶ
ʱһϤȻһâִϲһ󣬵һʵܼ򵥣ֻҪ˼ϸ壬ҵܵȱ֮ç򣡡
ᣬʶ˵ĵɣˣж٣
Ϊһ˶ĽһֻȡܶȡһȻҲв֮ܲܵõûǸÿԼˣ
âʧǵâҲ첻ˡ
ֻȡ
ʯʶ˵ȡ
ʶ˵лǾһһЩĶڣֻ
治żϸϸζʯʶ˵ĻȻ࿪ʼһ
Ȼǵ۽ƷʣûһʽףƷʶǴˣӦòͨɵۣһɵӦ޷ӵô۽ױǵҩҲǼƷƷ
ſ˿涼Щˡ
Ȼһ㱦ı̫࣬Ҳ٣ǧֻ֮࣬ʮҩǳ࣬һЩ˲ι̥ԪʯȵϤı
ϧֻȡȡߣһʺƣɽ磬Ҳһʾ˵ĲƸ
Ǵ󾿾Ǻģߴ󶴸֮ͨУ㴳һ˷ḻߴ󶴸֮ô౦⣬ӵжྪ˵ĲƸ
ԽǿԽ뵽Ǻεһ

ͻȻ븽һЩѪ˿Ѫڵϡ
Ҳ˴һռ䡭Ȼˣǵһⶴһˡ
ô౦ͷ۰ʯʶ˵лҲͷۣ˼ҵ
һȦ֮£ֻڴȴԵ˽

һʱſԼûȥ̫࣡
̧ͷͷЩǽڣȻ䣬ԼԼһâ޵γɱ״
Ҫ̧ͷ·⣬ּһֱķλҲǰձǷλŵġ
ƺϷ޵â·һЩǱڷŵı˵ںϸС
룬ֵĿͷǽЩâֺȻʧˡ
˺󼸲ܼâ
ԭֻ̤һ̣ܿϷâĪڿˣϾոմ󣬽ŵõ˭侲鿴⣿
⣬ջ
Ŀѱȥ⣬ձǵλðڷš
ȿһѱҩؼ˲ιУûйȥڷš
ı
ͷִˣԼ뷨ǶԵģͲѱ֮УҪҵҲףϾһѱ֮Уϰټͬı
һѡвı
øӦſѰҡ
ѡͷŸӦġ
ˣ
ģͻȻһϵķһ
Ӳٱ֮Уȡ
Ͼмģź쳾ڣ
ôɣ
ź쳾ڣ
뵽ӣŮˣ׷ɱ˺ӣűܹǿŮˡ
ʱŸʵǿǧȥغӲʵָҲѻصź쳾˰ɣһɵۣҲĶ֡
ŷҲ֪棬¼ź쳾ںεܡ
ӡȸӡǴ֮еĴڣҲ޼ǸʱǿߡܸӦĪĪϵ
룬֮УԺо
ȥһѱǰҲϰֱ
ֻһλˡ
Ц֮󣬸Σ
֪ոͷŸӦԼϰٱ֮ʣ֮һ


2640 һöŽ
ӡ
û뵽ǣһȻ˶
˶֪õĳӡ
ѵĳֱӡϢһ
ܳԾæ߶ӡб
ˣ
౦֮УһЩȻ
һڵ۽׷ɽԼŵҩ֮УڳʧһöɫϵĽָ
ָĪǴ䣿
濴ų֮УһöСĺɫָ
ѵһ㱦ľöָ
ʱȥָΧҩԵüΪֻͨһöͨ䡣
Īд
СȡɫŽ䣬ַֹ֮
Ž̫СˣƺǴڳָϣ䣬СȦ
䣡
½ָСڽָıҲܿ֡
ָСͨڣָҲֻһͨɫʯûһ˿˿ⱦ
ɣȷЩⶴһĳ塭
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Ȼ΢ƣ֮˷ܱȭлֵܣѣҲ޷һ⡢⴦ռ䣡
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֪ңӱǵһԴ󷨵ģȴΪչС𡢴ëëһ
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󣬿Χ۽׷ҩ۷Ź⡣
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ڶ౦֮УĿǧȷѡ
ЩҩǵƷ۽ԪӦһģʱңĿһЩҩ档
ͷۿҪͻɵۣȡһŵҩкôЩҩԶ֮ԨƷԪΪǶɽ磬棬ЩҩҲǲĴڣʦҲò
Ҿѡһţ
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мɵƿš
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ʱ˿̣ľһʱʱζȻǳ¡
СëëƬ̣С˵ϴƺǻŵߣһֿܣƵһ󷨵ʯˣ
㲻ģҲô߱Сģȿкε
ͷ
˽󣬽һſ
ৣ
ף·룬ͻȻһ֣޷ӦΧ޷
ǰ֮У͵ķһ⣬һһɫɱٶ̫죬Լһɳ
߶ɽۼֿ죬һߣһˣȻ壬ǻΪһЩʯ
ǿܣ塣
ǴȻˣҲһֱŴ󴫳Щס󷨣ƻĻڣ
ɱһߣ漱æƬ֮Уȴûν
ˣÿ֮УԲһҵˣ

ߣһϮһȺֱˡ
ƺĳʹ߿Էֱ˭߶Ըһǿߡ
ݣ
ͻȻſ죬һڿڶ̡
ⷽʵ൱߲ʯǰѲֻҪһߣᵱ顣
ô֮У˭
նɱڶߣûν
ƿڶߣһЩ߲һɱȥҲӡߣһʯһ֮¡
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СͻȻ֮УܾһӰ
ǵֻǱָͨȦˣȥûκ⡣
ʵСɱߣкβ֮ͬ
ûоʲôͬˣҸоٶҪ죬һЩٶȣɱĥһӣСЦе˵Ȼһͷˮ


2641 ϣ
Щ֮УֻҪٶȡԲģȻЯȻ֡
˾֣ɱ֮УѰٶȡȻͬߡ
䣡
ңӻһƬ֮УȻһ
淢ЯĿߣÿζ֣ʱʱϮˣȻֶȥ
ֻиպʱնɱܵõòֻԶ󷨣һ߲ɱ
˵ڶҲһΣֻڶõҪһЩ
С̵߱ٶȣۼֿɱߡ
ҵؼ֮󣬴ҿʼϣռ㹻ٶ֡
ˣ桢ңӡȻʼЯĿߣ⽫߱ԡ
ȻӺã
һӹȥԽˣռö
ö߾Ͳٹǣ뿪ڶ󷨡
ʣˣɱ֮ʣȻչֻҪϮͽסһɱ
㣬Ҳռ㹻ΧʧԽڶ㱦⡣
С𡢴ëëڵˣϴѾѡñҲֻѡ
ʱϤʶ֣һ㱦⣬˿ѡ
һΣעǲâ
Ȼм֮УҲǰձλðڷš
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ͨӦַһżԼһֻ̺ķ
ֻֻ̺̫ؾǿߣƳַϡˡ
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ںǼ췣ֲ֣̫ˣֻɽ֮ȣƸҲ췣֡
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ȡҡ
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˿Ҳ࣬ڴһǣﾹȻʮʯվţͷħɷϢ»Ϊʯزһ㱻ʯ
عµǿߡ
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˿һĻɫ˲䣬Ų־塣
ħǿ³ȻʯΪʯˡ
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һ̣ǵâ˵Ϊҵĺӣ治Ǻεȱ㣬һÿֻܵõһ
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ֻܵõһҲ֮ǰأӦϧᣬѡʺԼı
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˵ĵǸ취ҽҲ⣬޳ɡ
Щʯֻھ౦аͣ£޷鿴С
ԥһһһѡĿ꣬ƾὣ򱦺С
䣡䣡䣡
һڲͬλıУ顣
ϣļˣȱ֮󣬿һƬȴûκƷʱɫ԰ף˲Ϣʧ
ңӴʧһǵзӣ϶УȻЩʯҲڴˣ
Ҹչ֮УҵĿ꣡Ȼɫͷ֮ͷŸӦ
ԡС𡢴ëëҲ׷ңӡ
Ӧͷųȥɫ£ҲǳΪɫģ
뽫Ӧ͸ӣֺһӦ޷ڲĳǿߣʩչǿطһֲӡ
һ񡭡ܿ죬ȻһǷϿˡ
Ϊһ޷򿪺ӣˣڴˡ
û취СͻȻؿ档
Ȼ˼ϣ츳ӦѰҳӵĲͬ
³ֺ󣬾濪ʼںϣ츳Ӧ͸ȥֻĬĬȴ޴롣
߾״̬£һ㿴ӡ
ֻܿҡͷΪϴ󣬺ӷӡ̫ҸӦҲ޷Խӣ


2642 £
ĳַƽ⣡
Щţںϵ츳ӦȻҲ޷Щӡ
δʧǻĿ԰ټһӣȻһοΧʱʱӰһ㣬һ㵭â
ͫ״ӳ˼״̬ͻȻһ⣺ĪǲжĺӣҲǰձеģ
һͷŸӦΧϷЩӡ
һΣȷǿһЩʯ໥Щͬγɺü״ʮȴ޷ȷЩӣװж
ӰڷȻһ뱱ƵĹɣȱָӵĶ࣬Ҳ֮ǰҲλѰҺӡһĨЦݣܿһվ
ƺЩ֮δ
ⶴֵҲΪ֮أ⡢⡭ȻȻоҪ̾Ϣй
һʿоͷȴΧ˶Ҫ
⡭
⣬ͬͬס棬һҵڡ
뵽ǣǵλãٶӦһЩеĺӱգֻҪλãӦеĺӵȷУ̫ࡣ
֪вС
ͻȻԥ֮У棬ȻҪٴγ֣һӡ
磡ң֪ӶǾܾȻȥðա
ƻλᣬһβУǾʣһΣʱûκѡ
һδˣһʧܾ
ҲҪ֣վˣԣ
ǲõģһЩͷһҲһգ
ܾ˺⣬浱һ
ݣ
˫ͬҴС۾£ɱĽһͬһӡ
ɲǣ״˺ӡ
˵ĺźѿƬ䣬κƷ˲䣬ʯƵġ
ʧˣ
˷ѵڶλᣬҲĬš
ϴĪżѡص¡
СţҲڣΪһġ
ңӴʱ棬ο磬ҪȻǾ͵ţ϶˴˵õ󴫳УʧǾܳȥ
룡
沢δŲеĺӣԼǶӦλЩӣղʧܡ
һжɺϣżȻһϵϾÿӶûıǣҲûĻƣ벻֮ͬ
ΨλЩ仯

þõȴ֮УΧ³档
Ȼͫٴθ־֮ɫ
֮ͫжԽЦݣ滺֮ǰ˼·ǶԵģһ㣬ٺӶӦűλãλãӵкüӣǶӦλкӣװжҲпպӣ֮ǰԭûоȷӦǸӣ
ֿϷΧЩʱ仯ʱâûйɣʵÿһâͬһλʱʱֻ֣ǳ˸״̬߻ִоЩ̫ޣʱڱһ㡣
һֳâٶӦ·ٺӣȻӦʮձеĺӡ
ȻâǶӦλãȷʮڵλѸͿȥ

һһ̣ϵ
ӦϷâٶӦ·λЩӣһ
ԣԥǸӣ
ǣˣ˵־ͳ֣һâವһɳ
䣡
ٺ֮УǸָסĺӣ˲䱻С
ը˲䣬۾ֱˡ
źӱըһӡʯͷСֻа߳
ɹˣԼһ
̫ˣǲȻ͵رۿʪˣңڴˣᱧͷЦ
ݣ
ӷɳʯԣץס֮ǰγһĽ硣
΢ЦԣȹȥǺܿϣ
ҵģϣûеȴңǰ֮С
һߣҲûлţ侲
ң̲סʣ磬ЩӾк֮ǰҿڶγ֣ƺЩλãƱǣ
տʼҵȷǷ֣ӻԱǹУ뵽ǽⶴҲԱЩӣֻҪǶӦǵĺӣһж
ãҲղһΣụ̂ȴĶǵѡ񣺡ϧڶҳʧˣ˺ܾãŷǶӦкüһÿװжбпպУҲװжĺӣҴΧǽ䣬ʱʱֵâֹɣųɹҵӣ
Ȼһжйɣ֮ǰҪǲçײҲðգ²ʱȻΡ
νˬҡͷʵʱʱûͷ£ѡͶʯ·ҲһֺõĿʼ
˵ָһӣǱִһ
ûмȥ澭С˶Χâȷڶӡ


2643 ϣ
һСò״ӣһƷʲĵҩ
ζѡкӣôҷ
ֵëëҲ˳ӣõ뿪硣
ȻȻ˲Ǳң˼ϣ㲻ûȤһȥ
ңһһ뿪
֮ǰڰħǿߣӼʯ
ȣҲû˿Ծǡ
ˣ
뿪󷨴ʱһյĴ֮ǰ󷨣бֻнĲĹš
ѡϢһӣÿﶼм
Լһʱ󣬼˵ֻ̬ӲͷƤĵš
ˣ
ƿţÿ֮С
̣
·ڷա
һ¯𺳿ǰȻǳɫһЩȼա
ϲĲ˵ʵ
һâϷƾճ֣һһˣԴһȺˣ״ȥǴ󷨣ڵ㹬ǰȻһѡһ
ʯʶ˵꣬ûɡ
Ҳ֪Ĳ󾿾ʲô͵ȴ߳ͻȻǰһ档
һЩѸͻΪһˣһֻܡ
һˣγʮ𣬿ÿ˱ߵˣȥ
֮ǰЩ˶򵥣ȥԣ
ֻǴӱ˾浱ţҲɡ
һǰУ쿿ʱ¶ͻȻ֮зյĻˡ
ಣ
ʮŵһͬ˳趯յĴ֣ץˡ
ž
ңӴ߶һâʵ
â·ʯ̶ɣâҫۣ
âһˣǻ˵⣬ʧ˲飬Ϊһر顣
Ϊ˭֪һ֮лΪһµĻˣɱңӡ
Щ֮ǰߡʯ˶һ⿿޷ġңӵһںͷŸຮâ
Ҳĺϵͨ»˴ֻ֣ܿƻ˹ٶȣܾġ
ԭ˺취󣬵˺Щ˾Ȼûʧ׷
ζţ뾡󣬲ȻĻҪһֱ˲ɱݽ߷Ϊҽ
ţ
һÿٴʮˣȻظᡣ
治ѰŻܣȻֻһЩͬ
Ҳʶ俴˵ͷһͷҲһСͷǵͷɫͬ
еĻͷǳɫеɫҲлɫɫɫһΪɫ
һӣɻʵӡ֣ǿͷϲͬɫͷ𣿡
ͷɫͬȻԸ֮ʣһˣҲֲ׿ͷ
ңһƳâԵҲˣɫ磬˼
棬һĪҾЩˣӦ֮ǰЩһأʮˣȻһ󣬸ղʯʶҲ˵һҪ˶״ԴҾû˵ͷɫǲǾĹؼ
ѵɫֱʹľˮ˭뵽Ȼѿڶ
󣿡
ңҲ⡢ԾһĻ͸ýΪλˣ黹ᣬǻ໥չƣΪศɣȱһɣҲֻȫˣ󣡡
һԣרŶԻԴ֣
һ뷨ӣȻЧʱ취ǿ١
ú󣬷׷׶Żͷɱơ
¡
䣡䣡
һЩ˲ϱ飬ݲü˿̫磬Цݾʧˡ
Ļٴᣬһγ֣֮ǰһ·Զճ׷ʹ
ȵȫǺˮȥǳһգ
磬ղʯʶ˵һ仰ҾǵͻƵ㣡ңӷ·ʲô
ҷ׷׿
ң˫£ϸǳˣʯʶ˵˶࣬󣬼Ȼһ֣ǲҪлˣһ˲䶼飬Ҳ͵Ȼ޴棬Ǹղų֣ûйԣɱһˣһˣ
˶࡭Ҳ˼
Ҳ¶ϲЦݡ
ȻҲ˵Ҫͬһʱ䣬ʮŵ˴飬治ףҿ÷ùճڻͷûʶһ˽˲䱬ը顱
죡˽޳ɡ
СŴëëϴëëٶƣ͸ŷճϻˣٶûǿ죡
Ƿֹжʼʣ½ˣСļʱοĺܡ
˾Ϳʼֳֹңϣͷźͨס󲿷ֻˡ
桢ȻٶȺܿ졣
üţͽС𡢴ëë츳ٶȣ𵽴ô˳ճڻͷ


2644 £
»ϵĻҪʱ䣬գҲǲܵġ
һÿ˶һңأͷһƬâ
˿ٺˣȻһӡһĳ
䣡䣡䣡
һ˲䱬ըͷʼըһĻɽ緢һ׳۶Σա
ը֮󣬼Ҳأڴź󷽡
ȴϢ֮ЩƬҲϨڲٴᡣ
ɹˣ
ҸϽ뿪Ĳ󷨣㹬ǰȻϰټδҼѡҩ
ûЯԴָʵȻ޷Яռ䷨ǵҩ֮Դܴġ
Ϣãƿ㹬š
˲䣬ٴһµĴ
һδ󷨿ռ룬һ޴ɳ©ɳ©Χһʯˡ
ϤâԼҲ𣺡ҪҪɳ©ɳ©֮ҪЩľͷܣɳ©ˣδȥֻ·һΪЩľͷһԱЩڲж鵤㴳ĸ⽱ɹ
·ʶֻǶһ˵
ҲôȻ亹ͣ䡣
濪ʼͷƣһִʩչϻ֮ЩľͷӦʵ൱
̣
ʱɳ©ΧƾճһЩľм
ľмʼΪһľͷˣоľ׮ɵġ

ɳ©ҲͻȻתɳ̡µ档
ֻʮϢҵʱ䣬ߣңӽϵͷŵ£߶ɽ
һóںһ¯
ಣ
һľͷҲɱ
¡¡
˺ϻּ֮ɽ֮£߿ɽֱնѸͶǰʮľͷˣķѡ
ľͷΧΧ˲Щһ˼һɱɳ©
ʱ֮УһĲ룬뾡Ǿ͸ϺȣֻͬЭŲܷӳǿ鲻ɱľͷˡ
ÿҲźִѾɱɳ©ǰֻʮɡ
û˹˵ͷųٴһɱֻɾ롣
ʱɳ©Ҳʣ±һɳ
һ˿⣬ÿ˶û뿪
Żɾ룬ʱҲûаٷְٰգĴţ·һγڴǰ
º쳾
汬ط߶ǧʱ
ǰ½صľͷˣȻġ·Ƶģȥ
ಣ
֪ʲô£Ȼ׼˵Ļᣬһƿغϻ֮ƣһɳ©һɳΣʱ̣һǾͷĽ֮С
ٴ
ĺ
磬ǰϤı⣬Լ㹬š
ȻһѣֳǽڣŴ̾ϧҿľͷ飬мŵҩӦþǵ鵤ȴûʱõһţ
Դüͷ·ֻǦɵëʣ鵤Ԫ
ң˵ҲΪϧ鵤ǵƷҩһ࣬ľҩԽƷԪ̫࣬һͨƷ鵤ܰ۽ǿ߽磬һ˵õһǧڣͻһ磡
һ·صõĵҩƷҲֻҪ뿪󣬶ͻһ磬ǾͿѡһҩעڴڲ࣬ʮ־µıϡ
˻ʼѰұ
δȡԵҩΪ֮Ԩʵ̫ѣǿŵҩܽ
š
һʱ֮󣬼ǰ
ƿţסһԽš
ǰռ䣬ûһ׹ģҲһ൱Σգ
˲Ϣңӵݺ
ǰβǴһ̷յռ䣬һ
һʯɫĶ֮УЩ̸ʴſѾм߰׹ڵ¡
ʯͷǵĳڣҪ⴦󣬵Ѵ󲻷
˿һĻ˫žǦһ޷벽
Ҫһ߹Щʯڼиɱ޷ռߵͷֻ׹£̸ʴ
ϤԺص
Ȼɫһʯ·ڸɫľ綾Ԩ֮Уʮֳء
ɵÿ棺һΡǱ뿿ʵ߹ʯҲ޷Ϊǻ鷳
浱֣֣Թأһ·ǿҾպһһѲǣһ󣡡
ãֵܣȻܻųȥⱲһֵܣҲʦΪӣȲʣԺɾͶҵȣ޷ĸ߶ȣȻ˵
л
óȻǷԷθ
磬ֵʦΪɳߣʿͷ֮Уʵǳǿ֮һǲгǵĲҲÿǵĹϵңҲһᡣ


2645 󷨿
ڼ䣬Ҳֻ֪ǲгǣһ߸֣Ӷ㲻ϡ
ΪӣδɾͶܳʲô
ȻΪ֪һ㣬ҪΪĲ֣˲ŻֻҪһְˡ
л֮ÿ˼ͬʱɫ˲䣬һ̤ϵһʯ
δ̤ʯ֮ǰѱɫģʱУһ߾Ƕ̣ΧûжϮӡ

ԭʯգδ̤ʯ֮ǰûκζ̶ڵġ
֮Χµ磬Ҫ˲ûˣһЩΪ˺ɨ
䣡
Եһ֣û֣ȭɱһѧӡںϲ١
ԱӵжɵȭͷһȭӦԽ죬ֱɵۡ
һһɳķУȭͷ顣
䣡䣡
ΧС𡢴ëëҲ׷׳֡
ԭҪСصڵģҪʹëëðա
ңӡȻҲһ̤ڶʯҲǰɨķͬʱ顣
ŷмǰ֮аһ᲻ϴ߷ɱƣ״
÷ʵҵʵ࣬Խ̫࣬ҵֻ·һ
鼸֮ȻΪ򶨡
ֵǿߵĴ󣬱Ȼ߷봳ͬ鲻ͬΪʵĴߣ
ͣͣ
Ȼǰɻ
ɻն𣬵һŽһţըѣɱˡ
߳壡
ˡʵ˻̫ţͻȻһը죬һоԪ񶼿ԱÿҪѪ
Ȼһأǰһ磬˷ƽ⣬Ϊǿף
һ̣绹סɻ𣬽ԷΪ߹ɣǳԣҪԸˡ
ףÿ˲Ҵ⣬׷ͷɽ
ɽһɱȥ𵴣ɼԶǿʵҪ׻顣
Ͼһпܾͻնɱǡ
꣡
꣡
䣡䣡
ɽɹնɱ֮ϣԼҪԣһԵøҪ
һ޵ĺܣǷȴƶɣҴҼõĶǵƷɽǿ
ɽֱӲӲ׻飬Щһ飬Ϊһ۵ɢȥ
࡭
һף󷽳ָףɻҲԵ
Ϊʮʯ֮Удʯȥͷ
Ҳûж뷨ֻбһȫʵÿ˶һĨݾ߶ɽһһΣʯǰС
˶ԣһĻɽһоûʲôͬСģ´򻬣׹붾̱Ȼ˲
һУҲᵱû
硭
Ѽֵʮʯң۵Ƥֽ԰ף˿ƤΪˮճһ
µҩ
ң̫أȻҲһ
С𡢴ëëĲ̫أԼ֮⣬˶Ϣε
˲Ϣ֮óɵ۾Ƴĵҩ
ȻңӺԥȥԡС𡢴ëëУԼҲһš
û뵽ҩЧʱԱ仯
עһɷհȻơ׳һЩңɫҲлָ
ڣְʱĽ磬һ硣
ಣ
һ磬󷽡
ǰ߲ţûȥȡǾ͵Ϣ
֣ղǺεȵҩȵƷԪҪĹЩɽƷɵҲȥĵҩ޷ֵ󣡡ȻϽл
浭˵ҩõģ̫࣬û뵽ã
ҩȱֻҪɵʬ壬Ƴҩ
ϢһӣҲſʼһѡһ
һ㹬ǰÿ˶ܼΪֻҪһ㣬뿪ⶴпܵõǴǿĴС
ǵõУбԿӵС
Դ׳֣ƿš
֮䣬ǰһΣ߲ռǰû뵽һ㣬Ȼֻߵš
˹ţûء
Ѿ濼飬ıʸõ˵ĴУ
âϤʯʶڿյĴ𣺡һߴڣ̤ÿһڣ뿪󶴸̤ǴߴͨûκΣգֻǷ˲ͬÿһǶܻһֻѡһͨһȥͲѡ񣡡
ԭˣ
𽥻ָ
ڴţĿˣ߸ˣպǵͨһ˽һɣ
ˣ
Ȼһ΢΢ĸ
ѡ֮ͨǰȻóһöɫŽ䡣
ڵһʱõϸСŽ䡣
ڴʱŽȻ΢΢һ˿ɫϢ淢΢Ϣӿߴһȡ


2646 Žʯ
ѡǴͨ²˳٣ȻŽзӦŹŽϢȹš
νҾѡֵȹţȻҲѡ
ңѡҲȹţԡС𡢴ëëҲѡʣȹš
ǴɣȻһȥ
磡
ңӿն𣬽빬ʱЩᡣ
գۣ˽ʧڲͬȹ֮С
ȹڣҲܲСԵϢ
Խ󷨣ǰǻããһУ룬ĳͨڣֻһ
֪һûΣգԴûаգҲٶȷһڹŵͨǰС
ûʲôΣա
оأͨڲκء
潥ɣҲܼһЩ׹ǣǰҲ˽ϧڴˡ
ǡ
ʱ˿̣ǰȻÿʣһ
ֳȹţһǰһʯˣڹһ࣬·ڳ˯֮С
Ҳ๬ʲôҲûУڹŸǽϣһСһУж
ոտ๬ţһâһӰðϤʯʶ
ʯʶ棺ϲѡ񣬵һҲ๬ţõıȻͨſ뿪ǴȥΧռ䣬ﻹһЩȻõĴ󴫳УҪ๬ţһдУҲɥڴˡ
ԭˡ
ֲȹţ
Ҳбõ뿪
๬ͨĴеͨõڵһУֻдͨһѡ
ѡɣʯʶٴ˵
Ȼ󣬲ܾȥ˵Ǵ󣬾ǬҲôһ
Ȼ๬š
һ̣ʯʶ˵ÿԵܷţҲ򵥣ҵø㣬ǰʯˣǰǴǰ̶ɣ̤빬ţлõĴУ
Ǵˣ
๬ǰʯˡ
û뵽ģһˣԼʮӣģ̺⣬Ҳܸоʯ̺һ˲ǰ־
ʯ˫ַϥǣ·ʱ΢΢ЩС΢Ϣˣͬʱ
ǰ
湪񣬲ŸСǰƿš
ţ

ù֮ǰЩƿ˿
üͷһ壬̺ǿٴƶš
˵һţһͷԶž޹֣Ҳ޷ֵһСɽƿ
ȻûзӦ˸ǼϢȫʩչ棬۵˺һ
ʵܱɵ۷Ȼ޷ƶţţ֮ǰȹŲһ
Ҳ֮У˶ƿȹţǴ󴫳ͱ˶ߣ
ƿŶ

˼֮˺һЩ½ݣĿʯϡ
Ųܿƹؼʯϡ
ʯˡǰҲˣ
Ϊ򿪹ţֻĥʯˣȹ֮Χʯһϸ
Źκһطʯû̲κλأʯҲδ̺һ˿˿
һͨʯ˰ˡ
ܣ
ϸϸһδÿһаأշܽ⿪
֮Ȼûܲȥʵ޷ƿţֻѡһȹȥ
עʯ˵沿Լֹ̬
֡
ȻһֵĲλ
ʯ˵֡
˫֣֮ϥϣȴȲԼָܿƺָܹ졣
ٿʯ֣ճȭͷ޷ָ
⻭棬ЩѰºúò鿴֣һɫ˲䡣
ʯ־Ȼ߸ָϸ޷˹һĻ
ʯ˵˫ۣƱϣʵֻ΢΢´ȻҲǿ֡
ͫ׷·ڷŴ֮Уٴοָ
߸ָѰҪ̡ϸָϸһЩȻɣЩηˡ
֮ǰҵõöŽ䣬ҲΪϸС
Īǣ
ץɫŽ䣬ʯ߸ָһȣȻŽӦþǰʯ˵ָСɵġ
Ȼӿ죬·𿴵򿪹ŵİ취
ԭһʱʯʶ˵вУöŽ䣬ǴһͨдŵĹؼ
һ̣СŹŽ䣬ʯ߸ָԱȡ
շֹŽеָСպúʣЩŽʯָʱ
ŽոָδϣŽͻȻһâʯҲ΢΢һ
ˣ
ϷžȻпʼ
ȻڴˣҺõʱڵһûһζȥѡŽȡȻҽ޷һȹţ
ϸһ麹ȲЦݣŹŽǰȻϤ
ಣ
У
֮࣬һ̤


2647 Ǳħǿ
ǰͻȻʼûʧһ¹׳۵ĳǰȾ֮Ԩеĸ߶ȣɽࡣ
عڷ·յģǰʱȻƯһ
ǹ̽ɣԼʮɣع֮УԵ÷ǳ׳ۡ𺳡
һǴģ˵˵Ĺ餳֮أҲڱĳһ
ĽԱ漫Ϊ̾˵ӦáӦһķɣ
ˡ
Ҫȥ㱦
֪һİգƶûУͻȻԼɼĹš
һĻϾȻΪ𾪣Ϊα߶ѵ
ಣ
һӰӹŴһӣ͸ɵǿƣץһöϤĺɫŽ䡣
û뵽Ҳ
ӳ֮Ϣһ֣ʥȻһЩɫ壬ȥΪϤ
ĹǿߣĬĬһĹȣǣ˻컯Źһɵۡ
´˲컯ŵӣҲ컯Ŵ½磬Ĺڲһ컯ǿµӡ
࣬ʵǿһЩΪһ֣ʱ̽ͻɵ۵
ͷ΢΢һƣҲʯֵָһҲһöɫָ
ԣûзϣͷ
˻ǰ߲㱦ֵˣҲ˵ˣ㣬Լңˣ
濴ƲȣĻܴܵ
ǰ˵Щ޷ףΪλ
ҡҡͷҲ̫Ȼߴ󶴸ͨĻҲ⴦ع
ݣ
ͻȻ
һֲĲӰͻأشӺڰ֮УһĨڹɣΪһڰ֣֮ץӡ
ӿʼδ֣ӡץס˲䣬һ
ӻǱɣ΢ˡ
ɽ磬ǿ컯ŹɵۣȻûбɱһ˻Ƶ
ڰħǿߣ
סΣ˲份һɽʧӡĺ󷽣ԼһӰ
Ϥħ
ȷԷԺڰħǿߡ
ǶԷδֳͲһϤħζ
ಣ
ӰͻȻΪһ׷ħͷȻһⲻǱ֮ǰڵħٿռ˵Ǹǿİ׷ħͷ
һħʱ׷ɱħֻڰ֮ţʱΪ׷ħͷˡ
Զ׼׷ħͷʱδͨڰ֮ߣʩչ۷ӳħħû뵽ܽ
СӣñˣˣƣԱΪʲô
׷ħͷĿѴ棬Ȼ뽫ƤȡǣٽеĺɫŽ䣬ԷŹǣ
߬ŹŽ䣬ģΪмĶ԰׷ħͷЦӦһɵʵħѰʱҶ֣Ȼˣһɵ㣿
ǵعǿ֮УһͨħˣȷˣڽŽ䣬Ĺǣʱûᣬֻܽնɱ׷ħͷһζõйŽ䡣
ʣӣڷΪħͷҪõŽ䡣
Цʵ΢ǿһЩˣռƣҪŽ䣬ͣ
ಣ
Ȼ
һգͻȻһâ
ˣȻǵâ
汻֮ǰ˵ˣһ˻õöŽ䣬Ȼع
ֿ׷ħͷΪƣħͷȻǵһģϴǰˣܻţ治ף
֮Ԩħ֮һȻʵȴԶ֮ϣʱɼʹǿ߸û뵽ֻбǿ߽һ֮У
ԭ;ħǿߣģ
СӣȽŽ䣬ɱ㣬Ҳ㱨Σ
ħͷΪСʼĹŽ⡣

˿̣һǿ߽
˲䣬ſǣһǿɵۣʵҲɵۡ
ħͷ
һ֣ͿˣעȻڰ׷ħͷϣħͷҴɼ͹ȣҼǿߣѽɼ͹ȣ׷ɱħͷڲԶˣ
ħͷЦΪǸˣûйŽ䣬ܽǱЩͷҲ޷ǵ³ǱһնɱȫܳΪҷħǿߣʱһ֮أ
λֿ棺λһλĹǿߣһλǲгǸ֣ȻǶܳԽˣӦ֣Ըħͷ
ɱң
ħͷʱһЦ
һɨħͷӦڵȵȣȻ˿ֻħͷӦûˣ
ȣ
˶ڸ԰գٶһ¡


2648 ߴǿ
ÿҲ͵ϮϾǱ⣬Ϊ˱໥Կɱ֡
㹻һʱ
ڲһ󷨳֡
һ֣˳֮ڲ˼ΪԾ
ΪһߣΪƽԲɵۡ
Ĺȵǿߣʱ¶֮ɫæǿ񣺡ⲻǡͭɽǰ𣿡
ԭһĹȵǿߣһɵۣһ𡭡ͷɵĿߡ
ͭɽ𣿴֮УĹȵһͷλǿߣͫȴǼɵ
ԭ˾ͽӰ
λͭɽĿһĹλϣ֪ں֣֮
˾ͽӰȭ֮֡˵ȴ˽࣬ĪͭɽǰˣΪΪλֵܱģ
ͭɽȻˣ׷ħɱ䣺һҵӣһҲҵĺģȻɱɼλͷˣһΪͽһ󿴸
ʦ
һ棬Ŀͭɽм𾴡
ȴǷΪᡢɱģͭɽʵǿޱȣϣȻֻ·һ
ಣ
׷ħͷȻԶȥ
ħͷ±ɱ㣡
ͭɽԵһȣм֡
һָ˾ͽӰԼλǿߣʵʵ
ߴͨڣϷˣˣ˵һǲǣͭɽ𵱼ʵͷһЩѹֳˣ޷
ϼһֲɵۣӦһ߽ɵֲۣð׷ħͷﰡ
ǿ
ͭɽ̫ǿˣ
˾ͽӰʵش𣺡ǰȷˣղŰ׷ħͷӦǵһģǼҲ½Ž󣡡
ǾЩˣ׷ħͷȻһɵΪӦͽȥǰѰұȥˣΪλ磿ͷɻһɨ
ಣ
˼ʣһ󷨣һճˡ
ˣҺ濴ֳ
ˣ
һӰٴһĴ󺺣ֳһڴ󵶣һɱڵӡ
ɽǿߣ˾ͽӰ
ǡ
ҪԵ˵Щʲôͭɽ𣬾Ȼ󵶣Сһ񣺡ǰã
ʶϷ򣿡󺺱仯죬ͭɽҲô˼
󺺲ΣСġǳɽľӢдҳɽʱʮ꣬ͼһ棡
ͭɽΡȻǳɽӦҲͷɣ
λǰ֪ںδ֮󣬹Ҳ޷ʵ
ȵţѾˣȵһǾͿȥȻնɱǸعħ
ͭɽһ֣һɺ֮ǿѹ˾ͽӰһࡣ
վͭɽ𸽽޸֮ķˡ
ܸоͭɽ̫вܻڣ֮ԨΪͷȻǸֶεĺһɲϢ漫ΪΡ
δԼȴʱ
һâ֮ʣ˲ſա
ಣ
Լ֣һӰɳƺ̫ż
û뵽˾ͽӰˣ¶ѽ֮ɫ
һֳ꣬һڷ·ɵĳ챦·һޣûжϢоǸ࣬гǸ
ǲгǡǡҳɽǿߣҲ񡭡ĹˣԳɽĴ󺺣˵
걾ΪĮɼͭɽò߹
ͭɽ·ϰˣҲһЦǵˣ˶ˣȥȻնɱǸħͷڵıһжģ
ǣֻܹ
֮ӵͭɽΪףǰȥٻһԶ
Ϊδ꽣ϣ΢һ֣޷˵ĸоڼ֮УԵΪС
ֵĺ½ޣȲϡ
ʱ½ޣԼɾ룬ú½ޣ֪˵ܾ½ޣе㡮Ϥ
ǴӺ󷽿ͭɽĿ±Ӱо·ա
ŲԱ߼֣Ҳνġǰв
ˣ
ʱع룬֮ͭɽ̧ͷ߲㱦Ҳ𺳡
ǰⱦӦһֲķԽЩͨʵƷ˾ͽӰС࣬ΨΨŵŵ˵
ͭɽ¶Ц⣬ɲ⣺ȷһƷ̫ˣҲӦһִռ䷨ǰɽƺ«µһռ䷨ϧ޷Ŀã쿴ƺ«Ӧòȥ
Ƚħͷնɱ
ȻˣҪȥɱ׷ħͷ
ಣ
֪
Զڰ֮У׷ħͷȻ˳
׷ħͷ֮󣬾ȻˣͭɽԸᱦ
ͭɽȻ糬Խħͷ̫࣬òɵԷɱ㣬ǿΣ


2649 ǰɱ
һ·ҿ԰𾡿õΪ֪һЩħͷΣǼ
˵ɣ
򿪱ͽȥᱦˣܻҪҪۼˣÿ˵õĺɫŽ䣬һܿȻĻƾκһˣˣ޷ţ
ԭˣ
Ȼ
׷ħͷڣһһöޱϤĹŽ䣬Ư
Ž䣡
öŽ䣬㣬ζûн뱦ᱦʸ񣬱ްϵħͷŽ仺Ƴ
㵹Ǵ
ͭɽʱЦúϲ£졣
׷ħͷҲʵŽͷţԿնȥ
ಣ
ͭɽ֣Žġ
ȻҲҪŽ٣ȷ֮ŽȡȻЦøӲãΧ֡
ĪҲҪҵȽŽ䣿
ƴʱ˿̣뷨һ¡
ͭɽֻǻһָħͷȥħͷɱ֮һᱦ
⡢ⲻ˵𣿡
˵Ĳᣬû뵽ͭɽȻ˷޳Ĵڡ
ǰ׷ħͷɫ԰ףŽҶ㣬ʧȥʸҶûв
֮УΨһħǵõȥҵȻסһһȥħǿΪ֣ɱһֲѵһŻɽ
ͭɽЦ֮ˣ˾ͽӰŴΧɱħͷɱһ
ǡ
˾ͽӰһʱ򣬿ɼü
ʣµǡɽ䡢½޲˵֣˾ͽӰһ׷ħͷ
ͭɽ𣡡
׷ħͷ죬ײеͭɽ𣺡벻˱ɣԶţߣɱ˽ѪеõǵĹŽ䣬һ˿øһУ
Ϸ㣬Ȼ˭ħͷͭɽҲ΢Ȼ˫֡
⡭
˱׷ħͷĸﲻǷ
ʵǴˣ治ͭɽǽǵ֣׷ħͷҲħͷˡ
Σ
˾ͽӰҲǱҲ뵽һ㣬˭˵һֻ֣һʲô֪ӣͭɽ
ಣ
׷ħͷƲֻߣ
Χɱˣ
˾ͽӰ˵ͷһץһɽ֡
ݣݣ
ҲɽҺɱ

׷ħͷͻȻУһӥצȡ
ȵ̲ͷźһɽһͽɽɡ
˾ͽӰ⿴ȣһƷϵħ

ֵ½Լɽɱ׷ħͷ
ħͷȻԵӦˣݵĳ֣ӳӥצħȣɽУɽֻܱ𿪡
־Ȼʹɵ۵ħͷʵȻǿ󣬵δ׷ħͷɱԭ֮ʵҪɵʵ
һˣץסɽ½޽ܵһ𵴡
䣡
̳֣סħͷٶȣ˾ͽӰ׷ȥһâѹȥħͷˡ
ɽλǿ׳󺺣ԼǿߣҲ׷ȥ˾ͽӰ׷ħͷ롣
ɽΧɱħͷħͷħȷײħͷɱһЩ綾͵Ϯˡ
꣡
½ͷһӡһյÆը죬ɱħͷϷ±ħͷ飬ҲΧ綾յò

׷ħͷʵȻǿᣬձ˵ľħɱħ棬˷𿪣˳ȥ
ʵҲɵ۷壬˾ͽӰˣʵԽɵۣͨɵۡ
˷ɱһӡͨ·ϻ֮Ϲ׷ħͷ

УΪ
ʱ׷ħͷ;ĩ·֪һħɱħ棬Ǵ沱Ӳ
Ǳɽһħɷһˡ

һƴʱѹа׷ħͷ󱳡
ħͷѪոҪߣħֱһڿɽѹơ
ۣ
˾ͽӰһƣͨħͷš
⼸ֵȴʱɱǿͨħͷܼشۡ˫ȶը飬󵹵ʧȥʶ
ɱħͷ۵ҲǺȫԸնɱǿߡ
ʱħͷʬ壬˾ʶԷ
ûһ˵֮е˼һģݺ
һһͭɽ֮ʣ潫ħͷʬģһħʬ壬ɵΪ
ãնɱħͷϿ
ͭɽ⣬ʵΪɱһ׷ħͷУһоĨɱ
һЦݣƴ飬˶ԣεڣϵ⡣
˲ҵͭɽ
һ̳֮ϣͨһǰɼһϤʯˣһࡣ
ʯ֮ǰڵ߲㹬ſĲ࣬ͭɽ˾ͽӰȥš
˾ͽӰȥƿţɲη˿
صͭɽǰͿǰƵʯֱָöŽ䣬ܴǣ


2650 
ͭɽ޵Сֲͦܵõָ
Ƕָңת֣ȻЦеӡ

˾ͽӰ⣬˵һо˫ȹǦƵġ
ŽŴ󴫳У˭Ըȥģ
ǰȸ㣡˾ͽӰóŽ䣬Լȥ

Σѡ֮ҲóŽ䡣
˿󣬶ԥҲó
ͭɽõйŽ䣬ʯǰöһööԱ֮󣬴ʯ߸Źֵָ档
ֱһöָϣʯ˾Ȼ
ͭɽҲæˡ
ʯֱֻˣȻʯˣȴ˵بϢλ˶ǡҲ˻ɾ
۱
ɾ
ӦɽԶǿߣ֮Ԩܳһǿߡ
ҵ۱塢塢ս֮Уܵˣս˵̫أֻ֪ʱղ࣬ɽ磬ߴأΪԼѰһֹ֮أҵ⴦Ԩɽ粻ңԶԨ֮У
ǴӦÿղضٵıؼս֮󣬱ȥܶսԲͬɽǴսõģܶ෨Ҳˡ
۵Ĺһǰ֮УָһλɽʦϣƳ
ѳƷ̤ƷǴ󲿷ָ߼ɵۣԼԦΪ֮Уֻһ˿ԵõĴУҲȻˣʵıۣǿӲƣֱͷȡ
֮У˳ɹȡҪձ۵Ķ÷ڶǲӡ˶ӡ۵ѡΪĹΪԱߣһʯʯͷұۼʱȻڡʯľ磬ʯرҼʶҲ޷֪ʲô񻹻ţҲ֪
ƱʦɽЩķǳ֣֮ҼƳһӣͨȴ̺ʱһӵпռ䡢ʱľ
Ҫ˵ҲЩ˼ֹţҲƣϣԵƴµЩƸ
ʯ˵˾֮ǰǰ㣬£Ϊһͨʯ˰ˡ
ٿˣͭɽ𺳡
˵Ϊ⴦ӵеı̫졣
˲զ࣬о̾񡭡ѵ۱˵ǿӣϵ£رԭ֮λŮӣ뽳ʲôϵȻܵõ£
˾ͽӰͭɽ˵
˾ͽӰһæͭɽ
ۣ
ͭɽ񣬽Ȼͭɽһƣķɣ
˾ͽӰѪأǰΪɱң
ΪһжϷģǶΪҲĹ֪һУͭɽʱһģ
˾ͽӰأһӴֵѪѣӲ°ͣɼƶء
ͨһͭɽ£ͷ㣬ɱң˾ͽӰӴԸһ
ӣ
ɱȻ̫죬Գɽ󺺣ת
ಣಣಣ
⼸Ҳعֻֽ̤뱦֮УҲܶͭɽ
ߣС󣬱һǣɱͭɽδɱˡ

˾ͽӰͭɽͷôҲ벻ͷɱˣϵġԼˡ
ĹԴǼգõ۱ĴУӵôԴÿǼɫһЩͨػЩɽǿߣͭɽ뿪֮Ԩ
ͭɽ¶Цݡ
Ȼһ˾ͽӰֻ΢΢һͷըѣΪһǡԽȳ
ĸСǣڱռضã
ͭɽƯ
ǰѱƿһ˽ȥ
ಣ
̤֮ǰһϴֱڲ
ཫڵһӡһҳɱ˲δϳ֮ɱˣѰ
תһǿΪӡΪ֩âܼųڷӡ
ϼһ

ټŸֶӡÿһӡڣһЩϣǿʯǱ˵۱ı
˿̣沢δᱦ
һӡ󷽣ϣʩչ츳ͨͭɽųڷӡ
ϴҪɱͭɽ𣬿Ҳףɱһޣʩչȫʵܴ߶ͼҲ޷ɱͭɽ𣡡
ڣС桢ţǻۼһûظӦͨһע綯
ҲΪǡ
ϾͭɽɲһǳԽ̫Ĺǿߡ


2651 һһ
ͭɽƬɱ˾ͽӰȻǶ֡
ǰδͭɽӰӣıʱʱ̿ܵͷв
ӹͭɽ׷ɱ
ռ䣬޷ӳȥͭɽǰǾһֻֻ
ͷԺǺۻͻȻ̧ͷ·𿴵ʲôĿǰֻ취֣ͭɽһ֣Ҳϲֻ֣һ취ܵõ۱УںһΪеķܽͭɽУҰڲ
һĨЦݣϽȥ롣
ıδȡߡ
ǵڹϷ̳ϵţӦͨڶ㱦
츳Ӧڲ룬һ뷨̳
һ̳֮ϣһš
ҪõУȻҪȥ㱦ռ䣬۱رȻ
ಣ
һ̳Ϸŵʱһơ
ˣ
ſˣһЩâݡ
̤ݣϷǰٴһΣһ
һϢȵһǿһЩȻǵڶ㣬㿴һ۸ҲȵһΪ
ಣ
û뵽ǣոڶ㱦棬ӦΧ̫Զ
һӰӸ
㣡
濴ӰϮԷʮԶأǺ½ޡ
½ǹɱ֮⣬·Ϊͭɽֶκǻ뿪ʵ˭֣֣ǿ߼룬֣ܿһӣȥģ֮Уһ˿ںϱܳնɱͭɽ𣡡
м⣬뷨ǴͬС죺ҵҺ˲֪Ǻ뷨
ȥҹæȡȥϷֻ㣬֣˲ɿܷӹһ٣ΨǷֶԸϼһ
оƻ
÷Ӿȥ߲㱦õ۱ǰУ֮κһˣܻţ֮ϼһУ
ãҸ˭ܵõ۱УֻҪɱͭɽԸб
Ͻȥ㣬ͭɽһѰǣ
֮ͬʣ½Ҳδԥ˷·һļϣĬдʮ㣬һѰһ̳

治٣һڵĴ󲿷ֱǸֿʯϡԪʯ۱ǰӦû
һ
ͭɽ̳֮ϵš
Ц֮Խ˲ڶ㡣
Ȼһ˿˿ĸϵϢԶˡͭɽͷһӡӦ˼¡
˿̣Ĳ㱦ռ䡣
찡һڵƷɽ⡢ƷʱɽߴٱһھһصǣǰҲҵһ֣
һ֣Ϣڲ
һ˫۾һڵ̴
̴ϷһĽС
֮УһڳɫɽֻһԳָ뽣ĽƵ̡
ಣ
һǾɽ
ǿʩչ봢֮С
ӳ󣬶ܽ佻ЩɶðıЩ뿪Σ
һھɽá
ʲôһڣҾӣ
ûӡ˷֡
ԶԶһӡ֮Уͬһ̴Ϸһűƿ
ƿðĲǵҩζһȻ㡣
õƿڵӦÿڰڣ̤ɵۡһ˫̰Ŀ⣬øֳǵ
ݣ
һ̣һָĽηͻȻ֡
ͭɽ𣡣ֿ˲֪˭ˡ
Сӣǵȴﵽ߼۽մȾģ·
һӽ֮У˻Ƶ𵴶
䣡
һ޵Ľ⣬һɱиոߵĸ֡
ָ޷һٶȡԳԽɱһ⡣

㣬˾ˣٶȶƹ룡
֮У桢½޷˳
ǵ㱦
ҪȥѰҵ߲㱦ڿգͱѹ÷·Ƶġ
ֻܿٱܡ
һЩɵ¶ԸͭɽҲеҩɣ·һЩӡĵҩ꽣ȡߵģ봢䡣

㱦ռ䣬ΪλǿȥҵûѸʱѰұԼȥ߲㱦Ӧö²㱦ͭɽע
һ㣡
ǳɽɵۣһɨΧоǿ׳ǣȻ޷ڿգǳǰ
ԣѵǰԽң㣿
һЩ̴֮ϣﱻȡߣһ衣
һ֮
󺺻δҵ̳һ·ȡıȡߡ
ͭɽɱСںϵĻֻҪɱһҲ͵ϮֶΣնɱͭɽҲУ
׳Ȼ̴֮ϣһϼϣȡһڰ߳Ļɵ


2652 ͮĴ
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ڿ񱼣һӰȻںڿ׷ٶ׳屶ֹ
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׳תɱɽӡը˲䣬Ҳ׳ǿ׳˺÷顣
ʣСӣڵռӦȥ߲㡭׳ʬȡ߼ö䣬ͭɽԾٶӿն
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ӡ־ʶ㱦¶֮ԨҲһ˽⣬Ҳδֱ
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2653 Ըͭɽ
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ûһסȥ⣬ǹδ֪Ȼʧӿռݵļ̳ϧɱȥֻ˰ա


2654 Ŀݽ
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2655 ԭɽϣ
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2656 ԭɽ£
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Ҳ֪˶Զ£д׷ɱΪ˱ãҽԼȥ;У׷һ֮УﾹȻһ׵ĵѣʧ׹£
һΪԼˣŷֻţһų¾ϵĹպסΧһԨʱգҿ·һƯʯ
ʯϾһڲһֵıʱҾۻˣβ鿴ţ˺ܴðȡأǿڽɽ£ŴԨɽȣȥʱûͮټ


2657 Ҷɽ
һûзʮ꣬ڴǳһ̻ȥòǸѰԴһţԼ̫СǡгǶûʸȥ㿪ʼɽջ첻ˣںɽнⷬɾͣ
棬Ԫһ渵εõɽġ
ɽԼԪͮвζܻƵ漣ҲĶݡ
ԪҲá
һֱܶ꣬ɽһŽϲϿޣȥðնȡԴ̤ɵ۾֮ҲȥǡгѰͮǧ꣬һֱûջ񣬻֣ͮȻԪΡΡʹޡ
ͷЦͮҲԵ֣ǣôããȺ֮Уû¾ͺãԺúһ𣡡
ǰҽͮȳȥ㣬Ǵ¥׷ɱңûа취ӳг֮ҲŶ㣬ȴǡҪȥɼ͹ȣұȸϹϣ
㲻˵㣬ҵˣɼ͹Ȳֻ֮Ԩϲܿνģ
͵öллعЩħǿߣҵʱɼ͹ȣҲͷνȥֻ棬ȴһħʿǾѰһѿĵѣҲŴӵ͵͵ɼ͹ȡ
ҵңףˣ
ұȽɼ͹һʱ䣬õһЩԴͬʱҲһʱҾţããټɼ͹ȵѰ㣬ȥһǾˣ컹֣һв
ȷףҲעģȻɼ͹Ҳ˳ܼ
֪ΪβǼǿߣԪȴɼ͹ȡ
֣㻹δң֪ɽģ㲻֪ܵһ۾ϳһ֪ԪȲ
ʵ㿴ˣ
ʱЦݣͷһâ
һɫ֡
⡭
ԪĺһŤһ㣬͵ץסɫɽ
ˣ
ԪɽҲʼƯͷɫϢ
Ԫųı̾Ϣԭԭ־ȻҲõһɽ⣬Ҳ̫ˣ
Ǻɣӵɽ֮Ԩͮû뵽ͮãһõɽ
˶Ǹֻ̾ԼԼһ̣Щνˡˡ
ȻΪˡ˵İţΪһͬӵɽʿ
̫˼ֻɡԵ͡
֮ԪŻָѰ˫ͫȻ֣û뵽ںɽĳ̶ȣ㣬һžõĲ࣬ܵõ
Цм֮ͨԨʿ֮ף
ԣԭ־ȻǴ½ɽˣ
Ŀ꣬뿪֮ԨȻˣһѰ뿪취Ҫͮȥɽ磬ȷã
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˵ͻȻͭɽʬ塣
˼ȻĹȾͷһɵ۵ΪȻ֮Ԩǳ˽⣬ϼпܣӵһݵͼ
ಣ
ԪӶȥܿͭɽʬ彻档
ڵõһͷʬ壬һԪںϵ۱л˳
öŽ䣬ҲںһöҪһʱ䣬ںϣԼȡٵð꣬ǧ꣡Ԫʵ
ںϣûĴҵȻȥֻʱ䣬һ취ǵеõ֮ԨĵͼպںϴУʱڲг棡
֣ô౦Ҳôһ֣
űǣҴɽԴ
һ£Ǵߴ󱱶ڲҲ౦ȡЩǱյȥ
ܴʱȡǵԣҲֻܿЩߴͨڵıϷ֣ôһʲƸ֮Ԩ㷢һʺƣ
Щġ
Ԫȭͷ߬֨֨졣
Ҳ᲻ЩٵҩǹŵҩвٷߴͨȻÿ˶ܴ󷨣ԼһԴᱻЩ˶ȡʱܷа취ҳȥ
Ȼ֣ڲгǵң
Ԫ˵꣬߶СŽ䡣
һ֣뿪֮ǰһ̤빬š

ಣ
գۣͲǴĴ󷨣ǰȻ󣬵ûڲ档

Ȼ˴Ӻ󷽷
гǡǵǿߣˣƣ͸ȥ
û뵽ǲг֮Уһɵۣ󴳵һгǸ档


2658 ͼ
ǲŽȴҽߴͨΧѰұ
ʵǲгǿɳͷ
˻صȻУˣҲˣǵĳԼͷ˲٣ЩѰɵֻۣΧѰѾȥߴͨƱͷǿʼӡֻܽȥ
ҵ뿪󡭡Ǳ˲ҴⶴĻǲ¶Źң
һݣͬʱ߶ԪСӦ
ȻдëëңӡȻ
ԵԵȴš
СһӦëëֿǴȥʥϹȥˡ
СҲ˿ʥϹ֡
һЩΧ£ȻСֱӻص֮Уϴ󣬿ʥϹִӦҿɽԺӻǣǲΣʥϹֵʵ֮Ԩ۷Ĵڣһ뿪֮Ԩķӣ
зӣ
ʥϹ֣
ǾǱͭɽҪǿĴڡ
һֻɿǿʥϹֵٶȣ̬ٶȣ֮ܰԨκǿߡ
ǸɽߵٶȣΪݵ񣬹ƱɿҲҪһЩ
˵ûа뿪ֻнһЩԨǿдЩδ֪Ԩռ䣬Ԩ֮ȥ⣬ٻصɽ磬ҲûȥԹȻһ֮Ԩͼӡģͷ֮УҲȽȫ棡Сش
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ˣһҪһ󣬵ҩ㣡һǿߣԵԪҲĶ
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ϴ䣬ԴЦĺϲ£죬µļڵ۽׷
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һ棬Գ硭ֱȥãڳ˼ָϽץ䣬汦ȡ

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뿪ƶһ
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ʵʵģǿһЩ취Ϊһˣ˵


2659 ؤ
硭
мֲ죬εȷҪл
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㽫õбֻҪ㲻Ƿǳصģ˺ôҲһЩôȥ
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һϢ˵ǲŴ󲿷ֶԼгǿߣҪ֮гʱѰЩԭش
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ͷǽΣ
ѵڳɽɽߡҹ񡢿ʥϹԼĹЩͷʵȵ۱Ҫǿ
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Ǵǿ̶ȣҲȻ֮ǵľͷǣֻҪԪںϸ۱Уû˿ԶߴһС
Щͷߴͨռ䣬õ뿪ҲûаһˣҪȡ
ŻָһɣȻҪһӣԳȥҸط֮Ӧˣ
ʱоֻתԶԶ
֪֮ͨ뿪гӪأʮҸطʩչУ뿪֮ǰӦһЩͨɵۣɼ͹ѰҸԴ
֮Ԩͼ
ڣ
ʩչöɲ棬ͭɽ֮Уҳٴ䣬һöӡĴڣҵһƤƳĵͼ
ӵͼгǡǡĹȡɽ䡢ҹɽߡʥϹֲֵͼ
ǵͼλã⼸Ϊģ˷мıأ屶Զδꡣ
ζͭɽ֮Ԩ˽ĵطԼΪΧĵ屶
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ɼ͹ȱԵһѿͻȻɳڰħʿ
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ħǿߣ
һЩѲ߸ʥȻǰȴǴħɷÿһħɷ֮Уʮڰǿߡ
ǿû˿쳣Īħа취ɼ͹ȣڲгӪ⣬뼸ǿ棬¸ħǿ߿ʼɱΪ𺳡

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ħǿߣҲŻָɡ½گ
²ȥҲڼϢ֮󣬿гӪء
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桢ССţ뿪£ԷгӪأĴֱʬȥ
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ԭϵܣû뵽֮УһˣͬΪǿߵչѰ
˺棬ƺû뵽ܱչѰ˿ء
չѰƿ磬Χ˽ܣλ縮Ϊص½ֵܣ
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ÿ˽ڽԵѲӣӦ󷨡
չѰ棬֮Ԩǿ߽Ĺȣǿһһ
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չѰȴ˵κһɳˣ󣬻һЩͷӪء
ɼ͹ԴƿɣֻѰұħǿ߳룬ɱ˲ˣ֣ǸѲߣɱħͷҪģз֣֪ͨң
չѰ浱ѣ⽻
Ըϣ˿ʼڽΧѰħͷټ
ˣƺˡ
Լ죬ǧԣȻ
ͷŸӦߣ˴ӲϷӹȻӦ֮һŴϷһӰ
ӰԼɼ޷ֱò
ġ
ܴ˭Ȼյɼ͹ȣɫ

໹һԶ桢ͻȻӿٶȣΧҶ˺ѡ
˲Ϣ֮ͣµˣö֣ȴֶԷǸͷеϤ
ɰСӣȻϷĺӰһξͳˣһͷӣؤûɶͬһЩζ
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ؤ
Ҳ⿴ͷڲг⣬żȻһΡ
ʱؤƭƭȣԩͷƵģû˴һ;Ͳ֪١
ʱ꣬ɼ͹ַʽ
Լʶ֮ˣԷֲħǿߣ𷨱Χһһ


2660 Ƥͼ
ǰôɼ͹ˣ
֮ʵ
ؤ£͸ųζģƤֻҪϸϸһƳˮ֮ȴɫҲ
Ƕ˵ɼ͹ȿȻϹҲڽԱסҽȥֲ뿪Ϣû뵽Сӣûкöģ
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Ҳ࣬ǰҪҲУ֪ΪΣû룬óһŴĹɵԼᴢһЩԪ
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ǰҲһʿԣȻؤ࿴
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Ȼؤȴӵһö䣬ȻѰˡ
ؤͻȻź룬Цеൽˣкôߣٺ٣СӣôҲ˼£
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ؤ˲䣬ץһƾƤǱˣ
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οžƤпЦ
ҲеΣؤòöҲ̫֪һžƤ
ϴͷһžƤʮŵҩ⡭ڰֱϧ
ҲֻĬĬЦνԴѲȱʲôԵ
ˣԵ֣˵Ժ󻹻棬ƤƾһĨЦۣͻȻˡ
ÿٶȡ
类˪ͷһɪɪţ벻һ֣ٶȿҲɵ۰ɣӵΪһؤʵ˵ȥȥκһܳΪֲɼ͹ȣ
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öʲôʲôǲгǡǣҹ񡢳ɽ꣡
ָһϤ֮꣬ǰͭɽͼϿ꼸һģһ
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ͻȻָͼϷԵˣ㿴ڱҹ󷽣ǳɫ·һԨƺڲͬƵͼˣһ֮أ
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ԶԶԶҹ̣طǹȥĻҲҪʮɣ֪жδ֪ǿĹ
ΣҪȥһˣ뿪֮Ԩðղֵһᣬǻȥúоһ
ĻصгӪء

֮Ԩ޾֮ϡ

Ӱ·֮Ԩ޾ڰ񷡣
ߣ
ʱһ⣬ٴ·׷
Ӱͣ£ߣҲѮ䣬˸ѮѮߣǴ綼ۡһЩưۣһĹȾͷ
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ͭɽɵΪʵĹȣҲ㴦ΣУ⴦ȷǳԽ۲εĴڣ
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һһ˽
ת·׹ȥ
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ã߾Ȼڰ֮ϣһ޴·һ޴̣֮Ԩ񷾡ͷ
ᣡ
ƴƮ
ȥĥ֮£λӡһâ֮С


2661 
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ʮ֮УһǬŵߣΡȻϣйϣ̷Ҫ뿪֮Ԩ
ˣ˵һ߱ȭ
Էλǿһ·֮Ԩľͷ
ͳͳ񣬵ͳˣɼ͹ȿ¸㱨ǿû뵽һΪǴϹɼһ洳󣬵õһЩϹŲҩ紫֮еĵ鵤˜
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ˣ뾡취Ҫش㱨
ɼ͹Ϊһ󣿡
ҵҲ
˵˵кη֣
ΪǴڲߴͨռ䣬ֱԱΪУÿһͨڽ߲ܴߣǰһĿǰֻʮܴÿ˵õʮǷǵҩǳԽͨƷĴڣ
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֮ͨԨڣӡ֮һ޴ʯ룬ƾһС塣
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2662 ʯ
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ôǰǿ߶δȻˣΪѾ޷ԴڣȻŲı
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Էɲһɱ·ʧȻ֪ڤɽ磿֮ԨԭסұʦѡУΪӣòײ֪ڤţԼڤɽ磬ѵҲĹȵǿߣЩʿͷĵӣ


2663 ҵ
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䣡
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2664 ʯ
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֮⣬ҹӣԼҹǿߣϧҪ󣬿²򵥡
ЩźΪ뵽½ǰŵ
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Щ͸ƤĤ֮£ҪһЩʱ侻
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桢Ԫһԣ˲һ㣬ڻУںϡ
ݵ۱ǰĲ˵ʯպ֮Ԩʱһʯʱϧ޷ںʯӡҲ޷ںϣΨһģǵǴ󣬽ʯһбӡ
һԪ̲ס곤̾㿴ʯ⴦ؿ߿ռ䣬Χʯмѣɼ񻨳̺ô˵ԨأҲܵ𵴣
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֮£ʯʮǰӿʯ֮ϣ·𳤳һӲӵĻ䣬𺳡
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ʯ·񻨡
Ȼ·޴ʯ̳ҲĪϵ̳Ӧ꣬۱ģΪľʯԽǿ


2665 
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Ԫ෨߱
ôˣԪǵһμʧ̬
ЦúꡢÿҪ˵ѰԪ෨ҪΪһλֿ꣬Ҳ񻨿ǲѡ
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ǰܽ𣿡ãҲ޷һ𰸣ֻ
ʶͷſܿ˻ӦҲ˵Կ϶֮Уһǿֲʯ񻨣ҲƵֲֲƵѣҿǺ£Ϊ񻨣ѿٵĲ


2666 ʿͷ
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ǱȻʿǱ½Ͻǿߣ
ǡôһʯʿͷĿԽ桢˸ԵԪ

ӣֱһɺ֮һЩ
˷ͷһߣ˶ʿ
֣ˡ
濴ʿ֮УһˣȻʶһԸ׷ħͷǿߣ֣
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ͻȻ˵СӣȽʯУҵ֣н飬һ
ʦ𡭡
֣ͻȻ


2667 ûʸʦ
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ߵסؿǴ룬Ҳڽס桢Ԫĳ·


2668 ʿͷ
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2669 ǸС
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2670 
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2671 ںδ
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ΧַˣĹǿߣǾͷΪ쵽ɵۡ
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2672 Ǭ
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ȻСʿʥϹ֣Ҫʱܷһ֮ӳĹ׷ɱֻҪ˼ͺãһҪ֣
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˼󣬸ʵҲʲô£ҹĹȾͷѰӸɵ˺󣬴Ǵ䲢δҵʯŶ϶ǶرĹ׷ɱǣ
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δջḻ뿪ҸطͮӹѰȫǿ󣬵ʱ뿪֮ԨĹвȻ⣡

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ȻնɱǬŵӣ˵ɽ磬֮ԨûκɱĹһӣǵҲңͷ޹֮⣬ҲҵĹȣһ̵Ԫȫʯˡ
ֶ˵һ䣺绹ǰɽ統һ棬ɻʾսһɵۣݺһԷҲᱻ֮Ԩ

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2674 ܷ
Ҳ֣ҴͷĪţҲĹǿѰѲߣ

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2675 ˾ս
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Ҳһ飺磬벻Ǭţһ˾սǵˣȻ֮Ԩ½磬һΪģ
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2676 󽣷ĳ
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2677 ˾սŭ
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һǧǰڲгǣΪ常£һֵˣͨˡ𣬵ʱ˻ǸͨɻʣһΣȻɻΪһλһɵۣӶ常أҲһ
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2684 ɵ
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2685 Ĺǿ
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2686 ǿ
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2687 һż
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ֻǿпҰ취ʵڲУֻǿд򿪣ʥϹԪҡҡͷ
ѰӡҲҵʥϹϽж硣
ǰͷΪ߶ע˲Ϣ絹Ӱ״̬üΪʵ
ʵɽǿ̶ȾȻǴйż˵ʵǴˡ۱ࡣ
ˣ
ͷעǿпȴþû̫仯
Ԫ桢Сڵȴš
С𲻾ϴ㿴룬â˸·Ӱʱʱ֣
Ӱ
쿴Ϸ룬Һɣɫâ˸


2689 ע
ϸϸ޷Ӱ
Ӱһվģڶֳ˯һ
ܣ
ӰץС
СһƳС񣬾Ϊ𺳣ϴĪйأ̫ˣ
ʵҲţɸոΧɽҾ;Ϥ㿴ϷӰµġվŲͬ񣬲뵱꣬ҵõһ𣿡
ȷʵѵйأɽһֱҪҵĵ񣿡
пܣ
ɡ
Сڵ棬Ծòʵ
üͷԺ֮г֮ԨһδҲɺϣ룬֮ԨԴѪѿʮԪɽõӡ𣿲ҺΪϹٷ仯𣿡
עЦǣСϷͷ
⴦йأżˣӦþǾˣ֮Уõλǰʶǣż֮Уǰʶ
˫ͫһ
ָֻѰ첽ͷǰ
а취ʥϹ֡𺳿档
ҲȷԣʵԼҲֻɰգܱͷͷҪǿĶࡣ
ǿ߼ִ߶ɽ磬һϷֱӿӰɫ̹֮С
񡭡
ʱһЩ֣ûͷҲ޴롣
ԣ
ãͻȻͷעӰ
õ˳򣬽񣬻Ƶǰ
¾õһõĵһ񣬾һɮڶվڴϵʯ
ˣǳ˯ġ
뷨ڽӰõʯ˳Уٻںϡ
˺һЩҼǵʯλǰ˵񣬶ҸӦҲֻ˵ĳط
ϴĵӰˣͷС𣬼æѵ
ȻӰΧϡĵӰϧϢûӰǿңޡ
ˣ
·ͻȻһ
ڿ
ʥϹһ
أ쳣ʣ棬Ϊܲɫܿ磿
ϴ󱾾ԵȻ򿪴󣡡Сͷ˵еѹ˵ζ
ಣ
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ɲǣǰһϤڲռ䣬ϢȻϣžǻ
ټӦǽɽɽ壬Χǿۼǰһϵڽ¡
Ҳ󱣻޷ʲô
һǰǰΪ绹ҪǿһЩ俴ȥǿʢҪס

ʥϹֵһ֣
ȻͻȻҫâһһ֮⡣
ȻϹ֣˫ȹǦƵģǴ󣬲£ʱҵȴǴҲΪ
⴦ƹģǱȲǴǰ㲻ģҹ⴦֮ڣżĹڣҪ򿪽磬ºѣֻԣһ˲䣬Ŀϡ
ϹֻҡͷĿǰϣֻлܴ򿪣Ȼֻʣ÷ǿһӡ
ǳһˣʵ۷һɡ
ʥϹʵǿȴҲ޷ɼɽжǿ
ಣ
ɽǰֽӡһɵע硣
ϢӴտʼδγκα仯ܿϢں֮С
ȻܡЩĽ
ԣ
ԪҲ
֮߳ԾϢһ
ǵʱδ˿˿ںϡӦ
ԪЩźҲͻһЦ磬ƻԵ
гҲԣ濴
˰ɣˣѴڽѪ״̬ܺɽ磿϶Уοʵ״̬ϻǲһЩĪ˵ڣ
ΪһͷʱƣΡ
ʥϹָɽһЦϵܣĪ˵Եйأʵûϵ㿴棬ӦֻǶɵ۰ˣںǻ
á
ﱾƣоһƹˤĸо
һ࣬ͷںϡ
֪
ˣ
ԼûһģΧҲƽţ֪󾹽ϢС
Ԫˣ
ʱת𣿡ʱ˿̣ＤˣϽ߶ע

Ȼһû֮һĨ񣬸˽ȥ
ＸûκηӦڼ˫ͫ½
ʥϹִĽ֮ɫһԵ֮棬ҵȾǣżúץס컯
ಣ
²˳٣Ҳʲôע


2690 ʮ
ܿһһ˲ϢС
ԣʱͨһĴš
ǰ
ǰ⿪ʼӴޣÿڵԼ
һ£ӦõһȥѡᱦζҪһӵ⴦󱦲ء
СӣҲйأУҽɽ磬˵ģԵԣΪ㵱֮ԨΪδһʱ̤ҵǣƫƫȥ˲гأΧâʧ󷽷޸ͣ
ҲŶĸмͬ
Ե治˵ֻЦЦ
˿ʼټعȻδعһԼɸߣڵعͨڣͨӦþǵع롣
񡭡
ͻȻüҲ쳣
첽ʯǰλãһɫĵ̡
û濴̫ץһɫԲ֡
ʮ֣
Խ͡
֣ĿɿڴΪʮʯĽɫ̣Ȼһģһ
Ϊһ㣬濴ʯģﻹҪںϵһںϵλǿߡ
̧ͷͫգʯ⣺ҵĽˡʮۡ𣿡
ʮۣȴ֪ʶڣλǰ֡
ҴδʮۣΪǰõʮ֣ں֮󣬲ڷ֮ʮǰʶʱʦһȵһҲǰĹȥ̫˽⣡
˵ɻ´棺ʮĹںʮ֣ﲢ֣ϵܣΪҲ
⣬뵽
ǰ䲻֪λʮۣɽ֮Уҵõ񣡡
âģӡ֮˸Сһһ֡
ʮ֣һϢˣСֻͷżΪѰϢ𺳵ϣ¶Цݡ
ͬͻԺɣҶû뵽֮ԨȻʮ۵Ĺ
ʮʯͻȻϵܣõʮǰҲõʮ۾ҵʦԺʦ֡ʦΣ
⡭ȷԵ֣ʮһⲻΪѣãʦҾˣʦҲˣ
ʮʯǣ滹ʹӦ
û뵽֮Ԩ꣬ܵõһʦһʦܣɣʦͷл˼ҵĶͣ
ã

ԥһͷһţ붼ûʯ¹
֮ǰ˵ǰ㣬ʮǰʲôˣľ񣬰Σչأƾһ㣬͵ʮۿͷ
ˣʮֱȻҲ컯֮ͷӦÿġ
˿ͷַ֮ʮһЩһʯ
һˣģӦʮ۵Ĺ־
ʮɽһȻһѪ塢ħս֮Уսκõ۴УǱ۵ӣʦְӵҲܼһΡ
ǰʹ󷨱һʮ֣һǡӡıǡӡãӡںһɽ磬첻ʱ䣬ûеȵһ죬ϣԵܼӡ
ӡԶŴ֮Уʥĸ˭ӡںһɽ磬Ϊɽ֮Ҳ㲻ţΪʦġ߶ӡֻҪɽ粻ܿɽ磬֮ǷһΪʦ޷һúأʵǧҪʩչ˿ӣˣʮۣ
վʯ󷽵ˣｫʯϵģһ
һӡ
ҲֻǴ廳֪һӡȻֹ
ⲻΪǾ޷ͣȻ֮Ԩӡ
ζʲô
ԪõǴ۱Уõһӡ
ʱʮĹ֮Уֳһ飬޷ͣͬʱճӡûš
ԭʦӵд֮еӡ
þδɫꡣ
֮תץסʮ֣ʦܣʮ֣ʦıأһһ룬ӡģ
һů񴺷Ϯ
浱ܾϵʦȥںϰɣ
ҶʦˣĹߣһһ룬һȻ䣬񳤱ϿɣԵ컯Ķǲεģ
˼Ϊʦ֣ӡԵ
Ե
ʵɣʵ͵õһӡҲںϵڶ飬˵ǲԵ֣ǻԵ컯
棿
˻һﵱʯˡ
ɺͣ͵һﻹǲš


2691 ʮӡ
컯ģԵģʦַģҲҵ컯ղǽɽȣ治һ˯εһɽҹǾʦҵĵ˵Ļ
ɽȷû뵽
ʦ֣ȥ㣬ҵӡںϣĹǿ߻棡
ʦܣҲ֪θм㣬עҲż棬ȻܳΪˣˣ
һͷ湪ȭ
֮Ĺȥ
ں棬һҲż
ع࣬ԷŲٷӡвٱУȲǴĴзḻ
ӡ
ĹǰһâͷţоǳϤ
ͷӴ֮УȡӡԼһöָ
ֶ֣ʦܣ
餣ʾ⣬һɵһԾ
Ϊûʬ壬ֻмۺõ·ԼͷĲʯ
濴һ󣬲Żŵĵ޷ͣʦΪȻǳԽɵ۵Ĵڣ֮ػµǣ²µǣˣʯԷӡɢʬ岻ḯã
ҿʦӦòɽ磬ʦ¹ڣҲҲ壬Ȼ˫üɵзһȦȦ⡣
Ҳ÷ϳֻû뵽ʮ޵ĴڣȻʬҲ޷ᡣ
ʦܣʦǿĴͨΪʮӡ
þ֮ӦúܿںʮĴ䣬ץסһ档
ʮӡ
־֪ԵǲǬЩͨĴڡ
ȥһ£ʦܣҾʦĹںϴУ·Щϲʲôãø˵
ţ
պҲҪˣ
·̳һЩ֮УһЩĴԼԼںϵĵҩ
ˣҼƻͻƶɵۣͳΪϹл꣬ʦڣǸף
ѡһЩԴڴ¡
һ󷨣󲿷ڣһЩԴָңȻϹݷӡĿռ䡣
ɵôϲΪ֮ԽΪΪꡣ
̣
öɲʩչڵѪ֮УĴѪʼͨ
֮ǰͻƶɵۣʵδ졣
õҩɴͭɽնѪ⴦ռĹʵԾٶȿʼ
ʮ
ͨ࣬ȭһµȭںϷΪ
ӡɽ̫ʯ㡢׷֮ۡɽʯѪ֮ںϡ
ʮӡ
ֹȥһʱ䣡
ڼǸоʱţ߶ķ˲ϢһӡԼġ
֪һˡ
ʮŴͨʮӡһԹΪĴͨˣŹʵûκʽֻҪţȻŽɱһʮһ״Ŀӡǡ
ûͨǰ㲻ǬŵĶǬҲ̺üŴͨ
ʮӡһעţȭ⣬ƵĹѧš
ֻҪ˷ţѧͿոʽͨĻֻҪţʱɱһ̬ͨ
ʮӡʱΣ
濪ʼоʮӡ
ȭʽ󡭡
ȻһȻ壬Ѫ֮Уź󱳡
ʱĺ󱳴ǣͷ·ڷһ㣬ƺǱ
СӣȭʽΪȻˣҲҪע⣬Ҫʩչ״̬£ΪĴǱϣʱòʧڰ޵˵
ͷ󱳻ָʽҲŸоȭǿһȭɵɱһȭܺɱɵۣɵ۶пնɱ
ԽبδУڶ죬ȫɱɵۣǸʱҲҲԽɵۣϾɵ۲ɻʣÿʵ̫ԣ
֪ȭʮʽǿ󣿡
ȭʮʽʵֻһḶ́Ϥ֮հˣڻͨʮʽʱûʽƣһȭһ⣬̺ص
һȭһأ
ȭô

ż֮⣡
Ⱥɽ֮кȻʮӰӣѰΪ𣬶Ĺȵľǿߡ
Ȼһż˵ǲż֮С
ѰӺǿߣϢ𽥰Χָɽ
֮Ԩ֮ǰǴ󣬶⴦żܲȻҲܵõ׸˾³ϣҾһ뿪֮ԨҲÿϵɫ
ʱ˿̣ѰЦţѽָɽΧ


2692 ؤ
ʮɽȡ
̳ʱѰӿڿ״̬־ŭ
ֱȣһһɱ㣬żҵģ
Ѱ˵꣬һ˲ʮ߽λɵۣ
ã
Χռ䣡
ʥϹ֡ԪڽǰϹֿ磬ʱһԾ
ಣಣಣ
ɵǣѰӴһ֣һ磬Χ֮С
ѰӴΪԾʥϹ֣
ʥϹͬЩ㵣ɱ˫ü֮б̶̼ѰúøУѰӣֻɫܸУѲ
Ĺⷽʮ֣ԶԿʥϹִżɵ
һĹȹǬһǿǴɿ󣬿¾ǽǬҲ޷ܿʥϹ֡
ǿᡣ
ѰӺȻЦʼ磺ϹĪ⣬Ϊʵ㣬Īǣ˵ģҲֻǱǿһЩɿ츳ˣҲܽУ
㣡
˵ʱʱ졣
һӰһβͣſʥϹִһץᣬ·Ŵ̱ޣѰӡ
ݣ
Ѱץһ
Ŷ
ԭѰӷеĿʥϹ֣˲ϢֲãɵΪ̳ԭõ˾յǿ
֪ѰӣҴǧ׷ɱȡʮ֣ʥϹ֣³³
䣡
Ѱ˵꣬͵һģ
ǵ飬һץסβ͡
¡¡β͵ȷֶɼɣӡǿƷβͺƬ
ǿʥϹ֣ʵɵ۷壬ϧɽΪǿŭ𣿡
ಣ
ѰڨڨЦ֮ʣ˲׳һ
ʥϹһڣƺĳɽ
ݣ
һڵ۽ɽһԾ

ɽɱնǵ
ɽտʼ״̬ŷըץɽɡ
ͣ
ʥϹҲɣðһѪ
Ȼ־ȻһĶ֡
ƶԷɣѰԾӸ°Ȼȳ⣺ʥϹ֣ʶ࣬ҿԷŹһңҵ
㣿ϹץɽסԡԪ
ʱԪԣ֣ܳԪõ۱УҲܺǷһ
ɿж츳ҵɱ˴ˣҾͷһ·׼򵥰ɣ
Цܱ֤뿪֮Ԩ
ϼһΨһĻᣡ
Ǭų⸱ƵӣмһˣƲˣ
ʥϹ󵱳ܾ
Ǿҿܵס½ޣ϶ǴرϴЦѰ˲Ϣץһ

ǧһ֮ʣۿϹܵһ𵴣һܻˡ
ͻȻֳ
ಣ
ʥϹӦٶ̫죬һ˾ԡԪȥɽǶˡ
棡
ͷģѰӼĺܡ
ƺУʮֶȲһ档
һȺ󣬲ΣһȺ֣Χɱ
ɽڵĵع磬ո棬͸оһɹɽƺҪ顣
ʥϹʱɿ·Ҫ𣺡Ҳ޷ʱ赲Ѱӣзƻ
ӡ˺

һƵ𵴣âɢ
ȻѰӴŸ֣ڹ
ʦܣʱعںϴеѪƻָˡ
ʥϹ㶵Ǳʦܹϵˣ
ǰϢΧԵøΪޣϹ֣ⶼ󴫳ĪϵԺúģ취ζԸѰӣдͨҪӲӲҵȲǶ֣Ϲ֣ûɼ͹ȣ˶Ƿְͨɣ
ʦ֣ѰӹȻҲ޷ٴҷԿԸ׶ˣ
취²նɱѰӣסһʱ䣬Ҳӳȥ
䡭
ո
ʱһ𵴲Ǵ紫ռ䣬γɽҫ۵ıըâ
ˣô£
ĥһᣬ߶磬һâޣ˴ӽ紦ȥ
ѰɱһĿԶһλؤһ
ϲǡ
λǰ
Ҳϳˣؤ
䣡
ֿѰɱķո黯ΪһӡϤ֡
ӡʥϹֶ޷µλؤֻһâ㽫ӡ顣
ʥϹּĺܣжǿŭҲʧǿʵ̫죬ӡܴ飬λǿʵȫԽɵۣڶڿԳˣ


2693 
ҿŶǺܽѰ˾һˡԡ޶˿ʰ
ʦܣǰΪǶǰʵѰͷӦóȥݼǰһУǰͣ˵
УýЩ
ıһᣬʼ߶֮
Ѱӷһαؤ飬˴߶ڿʥϹٶϯ£˲Ϣ󴩳ȥ
ܲˣ
Ѱӿ⣬ûɱһ
಻ڣ˵ݲ
ۿɱӡʱɱмˣһҲҪˡ
һӰϮؤ
סˣûʩչǿֻǿƺһһâ顣
Ѱоʩȥ
֮޵ͨնɱʱżȴκβһؤ
ѰӼæѹסŭ𣺡λǰǲ᣿ʿһĹʿδַ²֮ԨĹҲԳΪѣ
죬ͨȻá
ѰڻЦóڰУᡣ
ǰ桢һؤ
ʥϹɼʶؤ֡ʵҲæŹ񣬾һ
ؤĲߣرݣƤǣҷ֮µͫ⣬ȴ˸㼸꣬ܿŻߵõ洫УʱСӣ̫ˣ
ʵʵʦܣķڷ
ؤֿ棺Ҳû뵽ܵõ۵߶ӦʱΪ㣬񿴵һӦ֪ںδ˰ɣ
ǰĵͼȻҲ񣡡ǰؤ涼ܿǴ𾴡
ҲؤһŪףΪԼ
ǰһ㣬¾ͺûˣҿһʮҲҪǼСӣҪߣ
ʱѰӵһĨףڼ֮ը졣
һ˫߰Ŀ⣬ʼ桢Ԫԡ
ؤһЦ㻹δŪⴳ⴦أעǵˣĹ֮أ£
ǰ治ǬӣұɲʲôĹȣǬŵĳϣ
ǬţҲܶҲ£Ǭ֪ŵ˭ҲΣһֻСϺף룡
ɱ
Ѱڻѡ֣ʮִ߶󣬶Լؤɱһ
ಣ
ؤȻ֮ǰֻɱâ
Ǿֱһһ֮С
ɱķֻһ㣬Ȼӡ
ܣܣ֮ԨǿߣĻĹȵĴڣѰĿࡣ
ݣ
߷ʮɽһУҪû档
ֻǼؤһѹ¡¡ɽɣЩǿҲˡ
ಣ
Ѱ
ûõģͨˣǰҲҲͨʿ
ؤͻȻһɺΪâɣ˵ˣЩԶ㣡
ٿ
ɻâѰӡ
˻ɻâ״ǰ˹Ѱӣһ˲ʯΪһʯˡ
ӣ
˸ŵðȾߡ
λǰ΢΢ϲ֣֮ԵĻĹȡгǵ֮Ԩ޵еĴڣ
ʥϹҲĿɿڴ
ת˲ʮĹȸ֣ҲʯΪһʯֱؤŲĹǰһڤʮ۵Ĺ
ǰ󲻵ʮϢšѰӣͱĨɱˣü˺þòŻһһȥݼؤ
ؤ桢ǰԵʮۣѪ塢ħһսսʱ˹ܼңǰţҵĴУϧûҵ壬⴦ԨĹԶΪĹ
СӣͻȻԪҲ
ǰԪսսЩ֪롣
·ܿԪһ㣬ؤõ˵۱˵ĴУҲˣúԼǷ԰㣬δΪɽİ
ǰǰҲ֪Ǵ󣿡Ԫæ
Ϊ۱ˣһѰ⴦ԨʱڣǴҲǵ۱˵Ĺˣܵõ˴УĻ
ԭˣ
ԪɲǶؤΨзӡ𾴡
ˣؤĹˡ
ʮ۵ĹˣҲǵ۱Ĺˣ̫ˡ
СӣӦ֪õľһʵʮ۱λˣǰǺãˣԵ۱ǰƣƶɣ
ʲô·Ҳؤ
սе飬еɢ䲻ͬʱգҾҵһԣﶼ˵ĴˣҲû뵽ȴ꣬Ϊȴλ˴˳֣ûϵλ˵ĴУͬʱӵУֻףǣԺĪΣŴ˳ߣ
ؤ̾Ϣ֮󣬺Ȼñ䡣


2694 ٴοʼڰ֮ţϣ
ҵȽǣ
˹
ֱȭҪѰ뿪֮Ԩǰҵһ뿪عɽ磿
ؤ󣬳ĬƬ̣ĹˣͷģףԶĹ
Ĺ
Ƽ򵥣Ҫ
ǰ뿪İ취ԪСʵ
֮ԨڶǶԣֻнǴӡ˵󲿷Ԩ뿪ǳȥֻӣӲӡξǴԨ֮ɿʵҲ츳гɹ뿪Ŀܣǳȥɣ
ʱ벻ؤ֣һˮûˡ
ٿٿ
纮磬ʧ֮оؤǿ
ΧʮĹΧɽ塣
ϧǰѾȻעɽ̳֮Ҳκ󷨺ۼ
ؤŵ֮ˣȻʵ뿪֮ԨӦòѣĹˣȴδ뿪
һ̣˳˯ɽǰ
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2695 ٴοʼڰ֮ţ£
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2697 ħĶѬ
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ҵˣ
˶ڲȡʱ䣬ֶ룡
ħڰ֮棬ʱüɫ衣
ҵĴħӡЩħӡ֮УһЩħƿǴɽ缸ͨ
ʦ֡ǰٽ
עʯڷһ߾ɵʬ壬ħʣҲڷա
߶ħ󡢺ڰ֮ҪԴǴħ󣬲һġ
ಣ
ɲɱħһ㽣

ʥϹҲһڳ
˶δˣֻľˣϾħͷڶ࣬˳κһΣȫ
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ʥϹһߣħڣԼΧ´Լ
ᣡ
ħ֮Уվںڰ֮Աߡ
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ˣΪܴ߶ħĴ󣿡
ħͷɱħ󣬵ȴħͻȻһɺڰУ֮ݳħ󣬳
ħͷ·һʯһ룬ûȥ׷ΪٶȲ׷ϴٶȡ


2700 ͨ־
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ħɷ֮У˿ħԶȥǶϿգ˿
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棬һں
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˶Ϥĺܣǵӳ֮ԨӳħǸλߵĶħͷѪأ
ʥϹһǿѹƴңҲõģѪؾ̫ңԶһʱ֮У׷ǿҲҪʮϢǲϢ뿪Ƭʱգ
ǣôͣȻħиСӣȥɽ磬һҪĨɱû뵽ھȻߵĹ
ѪصȻÿ˵Ķ֮С
Ѫؾ֪ڵҴδʩչӡǣ׻ģѪͫ
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־أ԰ɽߴ֮һľַ棬ټħǿ߹Ҳھַ棬ȡɽԴԽ꽨ھ־Ҳ֮УҲΪ֮ɫ䡣
ٶڼ쵽ˣҵģ
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Χһع֪ܶطŸʬʬŮ
˿˿֮һ֣רեȡŮħǴŮħǳħҲħҪʼɽ硭


2701 ǧ
뿪عǸӦħͷԱʥϹɱ
˲䣬ÿ˺ϢǳȻ
Ǿ־أҲ֮Ԩǿٱ޴ڵġ
߲£ֺ˴ԶħΧһЩָ棬ʥϹ΢΢ͷϢͽЩߡ
磬˴ʱҪϢ

ÿȣʵҲﵽԾ۷״̬
ʱҾһͮС𡢴ëëɼʳˮǳˡ
ʳͬʱ滺ڣǾҪȥҪȻһ˿Ƿɽ磬Ҵɽ磬պþɽ磬λأ
磡
벻һ˵
о᣺ҵøϻɽ磬ҵʦʦǿ϶ܵҡ
򣺡Ӧûȥ½껴磬˵ԺһȥţҲһӣ
͵ĵͷһתʦֵģ
½껴ңǬš컯ΪУҾ͵ɽڣԸţҲ֪ɽƣУȥ󣬼ǵת½껴磬취֪ͨɣԼ۱˵ûǲõġ
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磬ӱȻҲҪ㣡ʱԪǣ֣ͮǰ
ҾͮӦʱҸطţ֣иطʺͮѩɽ磬ɽ֮У֮һһѩպʶһλӣȻͮȥѩѩͮܰʱǿ
⡭
磬Ҳ뿪磡ͮһӳ治š
ͮˮͮѩɽǳкܶյɺףǵɽ֮УһԴȥʶܶˣҲкܶĵطҲȥѩģֻʱҪȥһЩ飡
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СӣҪģЩСУʥϹֱһȺɿΧš
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һ·ļ¼ۡ롢ӵȵŵ֡
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֮·֮Уõ챦¼ܳΪһ·Ϊɫ
еɽ磬֪
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ǧ겻ʲôҲǧڣȹһԡɱ䣬ɽ磬ǧʲô
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ۡΪˣ׷ŹС
СصΪﻪۣȻۻὫŭǨŭС塣
Сûвۡ廹


2702 
楺ֶΣҲ֪ܰͽϻۣҵˣҪлл㡭
楼޸ۣˣȻ˵컯ɹ塢컯ŶСǨŭҲ֮
Сһúõģһ㡭
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ܴ裬ʱȻ޲ʹ
ųˣ
ӿ漫Ϊ𺳡
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˺òֶʵǧ겻һ֮У˽һ
鿴ģԽ࣬Խࡣ
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С磿ⲻǰܹϵɽԭǵõһɽ紫УǴ˺пӵӡ
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ħϯ˷ɽ磬ıŮ׽ͯСͯŮ
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ڴʱȴֲȥ޷ѩϾ·棬ѩҲδ緲ǰ֡
ǹȥ嵱ѩ˻죬һ֮·ԼҲҵԼ·ɽ۷壬뷽ѩټ档
Ŀ꣬ԭӳ֮ԨǷϲáɣȻ޴档
ܶѹȥ컯żСһѵİΣ컯šǬŵͱˡ
ȵһУ޷ɡ
֪ͨںδӦûȥѰҡħȡǵԵ
һˣʱʱ̸̿ߵͨ
뵽ͨᵽҪȥħȣʮа˾ţ·֮ѰǷħԵ
ŽҲҲһЩ飬ƷӦ˲ٷ߰ɡ
Ĭһʼȷʱ䡣
ɽһ·ȹɽ磬ӹԪɽ紫ͳɽ磬·󳱣ȥţٵɽ磬Ҵ͵ǳɽ磬ɽٴԪɽ磬Ҫɽͽˡ
󼴽Ҳоͼδɽصͥ
һҪɽ磬ȥԪɽ磬ʣֻɽ硣
ȥɽҲҪʱ⡣

ȴ󣬵Ҫ߼ʯʯʯܽɣ죬ǰĹȲȣС׼ף
ڣ˵ȴš
桢ʥϹ֡ڽ䣬ȴͣΧ˶ȥɽ硣
ʥϹֶԴʹĺܣͣעΧ仯


2703 ̫Ů
򱣳״̬𽥻ָ߳ɣϵõʮ۴УӵиֲԴһƻָܳΪһǿߡ
ȵӣ統ѪϤо
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ʶʦ֣һԾΪɵۣ߸ϣĻɻʵ˵

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һֱ˺ѿռе
˴Ƴţһ
˲ŷ׷׿ǰһλǿ֮Уͷ貹⻷ĺɫԽ޴ĳǰ

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û뵽̫ĵӣһ룬֣ᣬõһɻʾ磬ƳƷ
հҲµ֣
һҪȥ˼˼ӣϣĿ÷ݣΪһⱲӲ׻

ܳʱ䣬ɵ̸ۣŹ̫
ɻʾƳƷ
֣
֮УҲΪ棬ǵһʿ֮У֮
Ŀֲģں϶ؽߣȷҪ
󣬴ʹ˳ŴԪɽ硣
ԪɽǿǹԪɽ硣
·֮УٹԪɽţϧѪǰϤ
ǣԪɽҲвɵۡţҪȥɽ硣
μӹ·ףڴڣŽһɵۣȴ߽ܵλɵ۵ĿԴ
ǲμӹ·£ҲŻڣɹ·жΪ֪δǰ;

ɽ磡
ɹִһ͵أɽ硣
ɽţҲвپӢŲμӹ·棬ͨɽĴҲһμӹ·
ΪΧɽˣȥɽ磬ȴü֣˲̤봫ɽƿնȥ
ڴ󲿷ˣɵۣҲڸɽ磬һЩĴڣš
ţûʸ̤·
·հӣǴɽ硢ѡľӢǴҲǿԼṲ̆·
Щνţȴʸ޷ȡģֺ·Ტۡ


2704 
ɽ磡

һŴ֣ûһġ
˺򾧱ڣɽ˲䣬㿴һâֵĵƽ
ɽ磬Ǳɽ磬һɽ磡ʥϹҲ¶Ŀ⡣
ѾȬϹǵһɽ磬ţҲǵ񿰱Ǭš컯ŵĴڣ
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㹻ͨɵ۹ƣ

꣬ʹ󴩹ɽ羧ڣ붷ɽ硣
ɽһΪţΪһɽһֻͥǿ
ŵ˼ȴţ
ˣ
ȻŮӴͨ봫͵ռ䡣
һ˵Ϣ˲ϢϤ
ȥŮӣһױ·ԴͨŮʿ
ϢҸоϤŮʿ˵·ӴҲŮʮа˾žӡ
ԼΪֻҪǶԷǽӴģӡ
ʣԿ϶Ů֮һǵ£Ϊ֮ӡ
ɵǣŮպ˽ڵһ࣬ȻҲע⡣
ͻɵۣһ죬ƵҲжɵʵնɱɵۣϾطҲв
עӣǺľա
·֮Уͼʶӣʶ
Ϊοǽ졣
һ̣ӣͲ·
ĳԣӾ;ļ֤ˣҲǺĵѣ˲Ÿע
ʱӸʵӦøǿһЩĬĬĿţٰ֮ӶԷ
ʦܣʶŮӣ벻ڤ״̬£洫
氵иǲμӹ·ӣǱ֮һвд
ԭˣһŮӣӵ̫һ̫ŮҲǸţ
̫ŮӡĪ֮ǰЩˣᵽŻ˼˼
һ˵䣬̧ͷԶŮӡ
ǡöԷŮҲ֣ĿҲˣǿʥϹ
ǱȻҲǿֵĲϢ
ӡ˼˼ȷ
һ·;üɽ磬Ǹ߽λɵۣҲδʲôŮȴһЩͬĵط
ܿ쿪һɽɽ硣
ɽ沢İǿǴڣ·֮У봿ڵӽ֡
ӡ˼˼ҲӲ˵ȥɽĳط

˳ִɽ磬ڴͣ£ϢȻ浱꣬;ʱܵһģһ
ˣ
ĬĬһƳӡ˼˼뿪Ϳռ䡣
ǣһŮֻˣһһŮӡ
ƺСӡҲ·ţȲӡ
ˣŮӣ·ӡٳɹɽ磬֮ǿɽⷽ⣬Ÿ⡣
ʦ㣡
ڵһӣԷ׷
Ů²Զ΢΢̾ҲӾɻʣ̤һɵۣȻ·һţ̤ɵۣԺһ˳֮Щ˾ɽ磬ǿߣ
ȴ£ʹ
ҲҪȥ´ɽ磿
˸ڣӡ˼˼Ҳˡ
ȻҲҪȥ´ɽ硣
´ɽڣҲһҼǵ·֮Уڵһ£ǬŷԪС
˲ƿ޾
ִ´ɽ磬治뵽һš
ڵţ£


2705 ĴŮ
ϧڷԪ֣֤֮棬ǬŵĲ࣬ԪǬҲֻһŰˡ
ͬ꣬洦ڳ״̬£Ϥ𵴣˳ִڵĴʹ
Ǵڵӣ
ӦôԴӹĶ񣬿
ϧˣȷǰʶ

뿪ʱܶʿĿϡ
ϾĮ飬Ҳ·ΧÿĶ
λ磡
뿪󣬴˶ͨ뿪
棬ոڵӽ㹻ʯ
ʱŮӳ֣ݲ򵥣һ־Χ
ֱ˼˼ӡӶ
ŮӣҲǲμӹ·棬ҳɼС磡
дͷŮӣ澹Ҳʶ
ŮӾһǸˣЦ绨λ磬ҵȺǶʱˣһȥأҪλչˣ
ԭȥأֲһ·һ𣡡Զ棬˵ʲô
ȴãٴοδĿĵɽ硣
ɽ磬ٴʥɽ磬Ǳɽ硣
Ϊ뿪ɽʱǱͷƳģҲΪɹѩޣʲô̻ᡢɽ䡢ǵȵҪ

ɽ磡
󣬴٣ǿڡ
ŮҲδȥһȴһͬüɽ磬˫δ˵ȴһݵϤС
ֱʹʥɽ˼ȫصɽ硣
ɽǧ꣬ɽɹǧ£ڷЩѣǧӦиӷɣҲ½ڣ
Ϊ·ٶɵ۷壬ԶǳĿΧ˶ҪĶࡣ

ʥɽ磡
һԪţ
һˡ¡𵴣
ʹڿռ䣬ɼŤâ˲ʧΧԪŵӿʼӡ
λλԶ֮ͥУҵȿɲüλӣ˿ˣ
Ȼ
ҵȲٶǲμӹ·ѵ޷λӣ
һжʮӢʵɵۣڴ֮
ÿĸĿȣ·޲ý󿴴
ˣ
ӣ
ӣ
ӣ
ӣ
ɾ޵Ůӣ߳ʹһ̣ʮʿ緢ӭӶ
Щ˶ȥðգ
½뿪󣬵Щɵ֮Умǲμӹ·оˡ
£Ԫŵӽʯȴ󷨿һɽͥ
ϴ뿪ͥǺ⣬һΣҪ󷽷Դʹ󣬻عͥ
λӣͥ롢󣬹Ӵݹ٣
ʮλУӵλӣͬ¡
ң
ӴŮס
𡭡롭
棬Ȼ
ˣ
ȻһЩϤϢ
һƳһЩ½û뵽ӣ˶ͥʿ
ͥͥҲһЩˣ󲿷ֶʥɽˣͥΪ
ɵۣ
üǲμӹ·ţֱԵԪšɽڡ´ɽڡɽ紿ڵţ
۽磬ʥɽ羹ͬʱΧɽľ

ˣĿⶼǶʮῡܣԺŮϡ
ǲ֪𣿡
ôšȥͥһȥ󣬶ȥðա
⼸ǧоʮͼҲ

Χ۷׷ס

󵭵һЦ벻߰ǧڣôǰػȡ
Ӧںǿľ˰ɣ㣬ʱڶɵۣնɱɵۣ
ᵽأǷԼرԭ

һ¡ʹǿտٴ
һֱĬĬעĴŮӡ˼˼棬ӡòҲڳᣬǣ
ͥԴϢϤİĸо
˶ĴŮȥ
һ̣ʹڴͥ˲Ϣ·صһҪ޴ڵͥڻ
ӽ룡
˻δ뿪ʹʹ˺Ϊӭλ·ӡŮˣһ٣
ãã
˲
뿪Ϥ롢𣬻ϰţ඼ɵۡ
붼ͻɵۣ´ӴԺ󣬸ͥ˲֪˲
ǲӦȥһѣ컯ʱΪ顭
̤磬㱻һΧţһһ뿪


2706 عɽ
뵱깫Ȼͽ䣬پͷΪ˵ǣǷ顣
ĸһˡ
Ȼͣâɢǰһֵɽ壬ǰȪðˮΧɼͤȣǰһ
ҵڶ󡭡
ԡʥϹ֡뿪ҲУΧӡ
ȻϤס
ǵأħʱȵţסغ
ֵ˫̥Ϊ֮еţ롢֮£δֵҲμ·棬¡
ֻͨɻʡ
ϧıòȻʱغ׼ףҲǧǰǰͨ˵档
ͲúһУ㹻ǧˣ󲿷ֶӣɽˣĴŮΪء
ĴŮ毺ãΧӾ¡
õӶƷ¶ƼȣÿһŵƷҩ
ٿŵƷҩ޷óģӦ߲˼Χɽӽϵ
Ҳÿ˵õһŵƷҩ
һŵҩ˲ʲôǼǧǰǾ챦
˵³ΪɵۣһŵƷҩûȥҲ̷ܸпһɵʿ
ϯ˳̸һЩ£Ž
Ȼ뱧ȭλҪȥأֽΪߡźħ´ħͷûأ
ħͷڶ࣬ˣʹͣնɱħͷȥԻȡֽ
ҵ⣡
ħͷˣŪ֮У˭նɱħͷԽࣿ

һţ֮͸Ŷħӡ
һϷ
һС֪ߵغԴΣѪǵħͷҲѰɣ
ﰵһƳˣЩɵۣǸ߽λҲΪм
ʱҲ룺λⷽһħͷӦö֪Ǻ£ǿħ˾ͥͥͥʥɽȵطûв˲У
˵Ǻ£һħ˱ħ𣿡һλɵ۴ס
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ԣһħʲôǺ߱ˣ

ɵȻʼһЩզ
ȴһмЦ˱ħ
ɽߣ˱ħʶ֣ʱҲǺǿ󣬵ǰ˱ħһ࣬ӵпɻʵǸʶᷨ࣬º׾ɵ۸߶ȣ
˱ħԣһҲİ
ɽߣ̹԰˱ħϷࡣ
ʱһĻ¡
ɽ߽ץħŵӣһð˱ħȥΪľð˱ħɽ硣
һݣЩ˲֪ôħͷһҪħͷС
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·ռѺħͷֲûɱ
ҪһΣŵʦħͷͷŵñͷܣ
˵ʦ֣ǽʦ֣·֮УҲΪٴ֮һ봫֮УǸͬͥ棬Ǿ

ĴŮڳҲоƾãΧǿ̸˭ҲħͷС
Ȼʵʦ֣Ҳͥˣɽţĵط
ߣʲôǰһͨϣûңһὫУ趼ʶ
һͻȻһ˺׿ԹԪɽ磬Ԫڡ
˿ˡ
ϳⲻͬ·ɹ·ġն硯𣿡
ԭǹԪɽţҲͬ·Ĵڣÿ
ͻȻʦ֣Ȼܵͽ䣬ǻǵ˴ˣ
ʦܣ·֮УͥһЩѣܹģվǱߣĪǣ淸´ͱ֮ԨʵѵҲ˵𣿡ն缫ΪЦ
ʦֵģ淸´ʹӶһ񣡡һɵۿΧˡ
ˣվͥⷽˣҲ£¼ǲˣΪضҲ֮أ
ǰɻʾ磬սΪɵ۵Ļۣ˵
ҲǺųɻʵһˣ
ɻʵһˣ·һˣ

Ȼ˽ԱԼ
·棬Щ˵ģΪ⣬û뵽˾Ȼ֧


2707 
ٿǸն磬ɵۣԼɽˣӦúͺնһվǬš컯Ǳ
ϾնɱǬŵһ㣬㹻Ϊ˵жԵĶ
˿̣նͻȻһƤЦⲻЦӣˣ֮жۣ˭Ϊ˵ǱǬΪУҺնǬž˾սǺѡ
˾ս
ǸӡۡѪ¡ӡһˣΪɫľǬţ


ȻΪ˾սһ֮ǰЩ֧ˣ󲿷ֶĬĬͷ
ҲǳԾźն磬벻˾սϵߵ
ʱ롢֣ҲڳĬ֮С
ͻȻĴŮ֮һ˵Ļ˼˼䲻ĴƼžգʦܣδȥ·棬Ҳ֪һЩ£Ī߿ԼҲĪˣ˵ĳһ죬뿪֮ԨʣԼֶΣ֪»նɱǬŵǰ㣬ɱ
ۣ
̫ӣȻΪ˵
ѵʲôʣ
һй£

ǧ˾ʯǸĻ˼˼
ߡնɫѿڻ˼˼ǰһԪţҲʲô˼ҿ˾սƽƽ
ն磬ӿ㣡
ಣ
һͷ顣
ֻһĿĹͷɵۣ룬ֱ߸ն磺ӿ㣬ߣֲ֪ʲôˣ͸ĮͥţһɢޣʲôԪڻǬţǸ˵滵㣡
ն籾Ի˼˼һԹ񿴵˫ͷʿɱɢޣѵͬɣ
˼˼ﲻ𣬵һƫԶɽɢޣҸӷ
ͬӻǵʶ˼Ҳʶңն磬ǴӣĪСɢޣҲͥɢޡ
ͷʿȻǸçɸ˸ֱŭն磺ͨΪͥǿ̻ᡢڡɻʥšƺǵɻʡɵ۾ͷ棬˼ɾɵۿ⣬ɾ»ڹԪĳ֪ӵͨӰɣ
ɾ磬ɻʡɵۿ⣿
Χûһˣо𺳡
ھɫӣҲ̲ס𣺡ʦ֣Ƿɾ磬ɻʡɵۿ⣿
˾ӵĿ⣬ͨͨŽ
ףǵģ滹һɰɣѾͥ˷ǿΪУɵ۾ͷڳҲ޷ѹ棬Ӧɾ뿪ͥǰ컯ɽ磬ǧڣλɻΪ·棡
ʱ˿һûһҪ۷âѹȥĵһе
̾ϢǼˣΪɹΪܶ˶õƺ«ᱦɱɹɹһƬ棡
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ˡ
çȻͬҾץȥǬţͻȻնŭçȥ
çŭĿһɣ߻ʵԶǬǵˣﻹֲȹţƨ·ţһ죬ҲһɵΪ㲻Ӷ֣
ն籧ȭףλ˺Һնò㲻Ԫڵӣ
֣뵣ģҵȣ
ɵΪն
նɱ֪󱲣
˾£ںն󷽣Ըɽ羫Ӣ
ڳμӹ·ţվǷ˻˼˼Ůδ
˫ţⷽԤе
æն磬Це֣գϾֻǿ֮ΪѪֵ̫ã
£޹أ֣òִ£ǣն粻ӡ
֮У·ֻһͨ
Уȥ

ֻܿͷç
ȻʶçϾͥɵۣȻ֪Է
çæף񣬴¾͹ȥ
ϵܣնԹԪڣȴ֮УͥУڶ㲻óҪģһŽɵ۵ΣãȻȻҲӡ
ǲӣҪ
ʱĴŮ֮һ˵ˮ𣺡Ͼλգ
ӣģȻڳ֣
նǿƵĺȵɣб£ȥһս
үүһ½ɵۣ
źնɳ磬Ҳ˳ȥ
ಣಣ
˴Ųͬ飬Ҳ׷뿪
ҲȥԭʥϹ֡һ˿⣬ȴҪȥ֡
ǧŷǰɵۣ뿪磬֮أγӪ
նⷽȻɽľӢǿ󣬶ʣһˣվ󷽣󲿷ֶͥͥͥⷽʿ


2708 ֺն
ΧɽǿߣȻ֧ǷӪ˫۵Сۡ
ⷽ롢ؼֵܵˣҲ뽣ʲô
˳Ժնȭ֣ʱü֣涯֣ķи̣޷ֲ
նƵģЦݣ֣Ӧ֪꣬˽컯ŵйϵˣȻҲ³ҲһãܷŹ
ˣ˷㣬㡭
Ⱥ֮С
ʼղȺ
ԺȻԱ߹ڶɱ⣬Ҫնɱն硣
ģն粻֣ͥɵۣ̽ЩˣȻȴŭһɵۣܵӰ졣
Ҹ£֣˰ɣҹ£ͥͷлֺ֣
çҲδ˲Ҫһս
֣˲ʶôϻʲô
ܱǿȻѡ
ȫ֣

ԺնΪ԰˷ɽ粻ͬšǿߣͳͳΪն
Ķն綯֣޿ֲҡ
˲뿪롣
ȻǵһΧɽˣһҲ
ն磬ǹƣ
¹Ԫɽͥ󣬵һѰʱ˭ӶԷ
ǬţΪ˶

һЩҲ
ӴԺն粻
ȻһҲնȥȴס죬Ψһ취
ٶȼӿ죬һɵƣ̤Χ᲻
̣
Ҳͷƣ˶˲䣬һֱն罣ѹƣ˲ײ
ԪڵӹȻеֶΣϧұ̤һɵۣ
ײγɺ¡¡ĺ
һ˫ۣ׳ĸ첲ſֲȭâױȵƣնɱɱһ
žž
˼Ԧ֮ɱͨˮ仯ûԷ
ԹԪڵĺն磬ŽɵۣϾǴټҲ㴳·ȻһŻġ
ֻͥһͨɵۣΨһƣǱȺնͻһɵۡ
һȭâ뽣ɱò£ΧĬĬ˶ʱ޷˭ռݾ档
֣֣
ɵΪն
ɱˣ
ͥͥ
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һЩͥӣҲĬĬվߣֻǲ֧ˡ
ۣ
㹦
ڡ߳ͨ£նβǵڱѪ
˵ͻɵۣߣΣ£
СֳſͷЦø⡣
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һЩӣգ
Ͻѽֹɱ
벻նۿҪ֮£˾Ȼɱһǵ˲䣬һ⡣
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ʱ˾
ۣ
ƾԱ类
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׹أѪĭǾŷ
۾ңźն磺޳ܡ
ɵĴӣ
Ȼø߽λɵ۵ķ
ֱɡչҲԪڵӰɣԼû£ı±ǿǿ棡

ʱ˿̣ø߽λɵ۷ĺն磬ߣΧָüͷƿڴŭ
Ǻն磬ںһУ˭˹涨ʩչзҵ£Ҿ䣬㣬䲻𣡡
䲻Ϊ߽λɵԭͲҵĶ֡ŭȵ
ǾΪķ۰ɣû뵽ն統ץն
ಣ
ʮʿΧ
һ˴߶ͨȻǶɵۣһâ·Ϊޱۣסնһ
䣡
նǶɵ۶֣
޷ɵͨн飬ԼҲ𷭳ȥ繷һǱ
λɵۣǿӲ
˻Էŭµĺն磬䳰ͥɱˣ޳Сˣζɣʩչ߽λɵ۷ҲԶɵΪ֣
ͥʿ
նˣȴţ򶨿Էи߽׷ҿãзóǣԶɵɱңֵý𣿡
㲻أ˭˸㽲Է
ɵۣʲô
˵꣬նЦͻȻץһָһ
߽λ
ٴξ
ԪڲǵӳţǿߵȷΣõӻ
ЩɢޡС޷ȵģ
ƴ֣

Χ˷̾


2709 ǲ˵ģϣ
ϧ·ģ˱ˣΪ󣿡
ĴŮ֮һӣ䲻ҡͷ
㣿ӡ硢˼˼Կ
ӷƵͫ޷뷨ʱ·棬ʱÿ˽֣ǹʵ·û뵽кնˣ
ǰӡۡЩˣĸǿʵһ£նȷ˹ֲ·棬ûлôĳɾͣ
Ҳʧĺܡ
ǾֻһͬУ˿š˼˼ҲԺն翴
ĴŮоǱӣҲǺն粻֪֪λŮ˼¾ͲĿˡ
䣡
նɱķٴαһβǽһֲĸ߽λɵâֱײ
Ǹɵ۸м֮˲䱻âɡ
ã
һЩСҲԪΪУ
֣Ǭţ˾ʦֵĻйصˣɱˣ

߽λǰԵĿ֮£˵ĺն磬Ȼ˲ܶɵۡ
վںնⷽǿǣӦ˵ǽǬš컯ŴЩֿʼΪնߺ
˭Ϊǳͷɱ⣡
նὣĿ˵Ķɵϡ
ѱˣȻ޷
ЩΪǿߣһ̷·ҲѡĬ
Ϊͥ𣿡
ۿնҪȻ֮£ɱֵ˲䡣
һЦΪ֮һ
նҲֹһ飬˫֮ͫУɱ⣬ŭҪ˵֮˺顣
ʲôˣ
Ϊƺɵֲۣǣ
ᣬҲŶʮӣɵۣ

ǧ˽Կһ꣬ںߣһͬ£һ롣
棡
Χǧ˾ǷѽĿ⣬ͷųϢƺһɵۡ
վֵܣҲͥʿ
ʱסһɵۣм
۸ͥȥɣ
֮ǰЩֳ֧ĬˣҲ飬ٴΪź
ֵĸо
ĴŮ֮еӣһ棬˫ĮͫͻȻȡ
ӹʵӣôˣ
Щ˵ǡǲðɣǸӵǴݵƣƺǳϤ
ƺΪôȴ˾˲ɣԼĥѵľͷоҲԽ治򵥡
ǸȻɵΪȴ޷徳磬ɵۣҶȷɵۣʱĻ˼˼Ҳ޵
Ů˼עϡ
ֹǣ
ڳǣ
ƺǿˣ򵥣Ǹˣ̫ɰˣ
ĪǴʲôϼĹӸ磿Żֱ
һǴͷ򲻿棡

ˣԡʥϹ֡ҲͬÿԷ·𿴴񣬹עš
ֵܣʵô̺߽λɵöԸ
棬øɵۺѡ
Ͼʱ³ȻǱնɱ
벻ȵͷ֮һƳն磺ģһӣһ㣡
ôĿ
նڶԹ𵴡
Ľйϵбģ
ᣬһʵͲôǿҳðͷ
кͷΪɽǹԪڸΣ

˶Ϊܳ棬ȻǿʥϹ֡Ĺϵ
һˣкεʵɵۿ⣿
ͣΧǣʥϹ֡ԣȻվھʮһࡣ
ƺδ㣬Ϊ
Ŀԣʱ棬һˣն磬һһɵּۣʶȣ˵ܿԼõμ·ǲŵģڼ壬ߺŲŸŪɣ
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㣬·֮Уµ棬̫ˣòһķ濴ȥǵڶ档

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ʥϹ֡Բ
Ȼĸͥһˡ


2711 
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2712 ط
ħ壿
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ɡҲеͷ
ǧ꣬Ҳδ˵ܡ


2713 
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ԨһģûûԴһͻ᳣ѪӲ
˶ԣ֮Ԩһ˵ĵط봫֮еˮ֮غƣ
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ȷΪԼ롣
имѡ


2714 ʦٵ
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ಣ
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Ŀˣٵۣ
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ʦ֣뿪֮Ԩľ
ν֮Ԩ


2715 ٷ
þ֮
͵һ湻޳ܵģֶԸһЦǣȴ֪Ѿ뿪ԨǹƻͷӬѰһʱ䣡
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Ŀг徢Լǿ󣡡˹ȻʧҲòʲô
˸־ͥʺ档
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ҪһʺԼĻŻǿ
ٵֶأкüյء챦ЩͥΪȥģвˣ棬ͥǰɱħͷʱһȥ
û⣡ˬӦ
ԡʥϹ֡ͥϢһʱ䣬Ҳú۾ۣȻȡ

Ϥͥ
ش֮УһһϢ·ģָӣɺá
ܻļţҲ֮Ԩǿ̫ࡣ
ȣһˣǷ񡭡
𽥻ԭ·ľͷһںĻ
ǱǷ֮أһƬںڻԭ
ϴʥΪȴɵۡ
һᣬͿʼںڻԭ·ŵϤķϢļ١
ȵ̫ˣӡ޼賤ߡƳɽ޽ɡ
ಣ
ʱ֮Уʮ⡣
ʮԶ룬ʥԣҲԸӦֻ̫Ǻ䣬ͷЩϢ
Ȼڵӣ
֮ǰʹǧڣַͥѷȣʮˣҲˡ
ɱһɻ磬Ĳݶʱڷա
ԡʥϹ֡ﾡоϢ仯Ҳ֪һҪʲô
˵ȴƬ̣ʮڸַɹʱŻϢ
ԭΪֱȶȥû뵽Ƿһ
ҿǧʱԷм˵
ȻͥȰȱ
αΧסһҲŻȥ
ͷɻЦš
ˣ
ȻںɫΪƺ괦֮С
¡¡
ǸоһϤâڶʮɽ֮УһƿըλҫƬա
üͷһϾǼȣ̫ˣȻϢзϢ
ʮԶǵⱬ͸ӦϤϢ
Ϣ
˲ɵٶȣԽʮɻʵӡ
ɽ֮УϤϢ
ƺǡڡħšɻʥšǡɽ䡢̻ΪʿϢǡ
ɽһɽΧϰٿڷɽͷŽâƯڰգһɽ
ԽԴŸӦɱ˵ˣٶˣٿؽɵ۲̫࣬඼ɡɻʣ߽λɻʣɵֻжʮˣ
Щǵͥ˷ӣǧǰ׷ɱңǧ󡭡һ㳤
ǧףƯһЩ׺󷽡
濴ʥϹ֣λó֣ԸһЩͨɵۣɱģ
ȷûи߽λɵۣˣʬ岻˷ѣëë
âӿʥϹһɲǣʮֻɿ󶼳ˣֻֻɿΪꡣ
ëë
һȺɿΧ棬Ҳһ㡣
ҲСڻСŴëëΧŹκһˣɱ㣡
ϴģи߽λɵֻۣҪɵۣ붯һëNɪ֮Сʹʮֻɿȥ
һ̿ʼҾͽ죡
Ҳûģطù֡
ͥ˷֪ϢȻģ컯Ǭŷ񱨸
ҲʦԸЩ˲ɱģſʥϹԶ֮С
֣
˲Ϣ
Ϸʮɵ۷ֲǧװգΧˣһɻʣһɡ
һٶ˿ɽڲɽȡ
ɽڲܿһڿɽγɷʮУ޷ɱ
ߣĪҲǲμ·ھɻΪɵһ֮ңɱίʵϧ
һɻʥŵɵۣһɵֻ΢ͷţɵ۲ʲô
ΧɻʡɶԣһĴڡ
ʱһᣬΪ˻Ƶĺҷṵ֮̂죬ҲɻʥţҲκһЭ
ϧŰ
ɵΡȻЦĪָǿߣܸϹȵΧһи߽λɵѱ˭ܹ˵һȺɻʣ


2716 
ಡ
ûע⵽ǣӰһĨ磬
ΧЩͬǿߣ˵ûз˽뽣֮С
ʦ֣ȥ໹ְܼʱ
ɽϷʮڽں϶ɵ֮УһʿΪģš
ҲУǷȵķߡ
ҲֻҪΪҲɻʣȴͨɻʣ˾
ǧǰ㻹һɣû뵽ڡ
ڣ֮У桢Ϣߵˡ
ʱ΢΢һ
꣬ͻɣǧһɾ硣
˾һΪɡɡɡɡʥɡɡɻʡɵۡ
Ѱ˴ӵɵɣҲҪǧ꣬Ϊߵķ񣬴ŷǧ꣬ɣԽ˽ʥ󾳽硣
Ȼҵ꣬ĴǿѪԴĪϵƳɽΪҲ֮У޼賤ΪҲӦõʥ֮ɣ
շΪдϲ
ǧǾɻʣڳɵۣ·֮Уɵۣյֻа벽֮ң
һ˾ߡ
˵ʵͬ·֮ã˹Ȼ컯ǿߣ֮꣬Ƿܱȵġ
ɽ磬ҲֻСϹݡѩ賤޼𡢳²ڡ½껡ࡢȻͨȺɽѡ
ѣֻɽ֮ûʵȥЩ顣
ɱǻҪһ㣿
ͻأһЦ·һӽڲձ
⣡
ڲʮߣͬʱɵͷΡ
ǿֲ֮Уһʮͷɵ۳ˣһȻڡ
˽࣡
ͻȻڴһ
ƹӡ
ࣿ
Ȼ뵽أűԭڣһǳĳϣǵǸ
ƹӴڣʵش𣺡ǸϵĶӣ࣬ǰҳֵܣһɵۣǾɻʣʱ磬ͻɵۣǿ̻ᣬԴϴģƾ츳ͻɵۣ
ɱ顺ɱӼֵ졭ɱ࣬ҲҪڵϡ̸Ц䣬һⱩߡ
䣡
ʱͻȻɱɽߵ˿ƵĽ󣬴Žõȼʽɽɱн
ۣ
ڰߣѪ
ߣ벻μ·֮㣬ʵҴһǧǰǰɾһͨߣ
ץɽζʮ㣬ֿʼ߶ɽ
߱ף࣬Ĺ࣬ˣ״̬ҵĶ֣
಻ɵֻһֱڵȴǲμ·ţ񣬶ɱ㣬ͥͥͥԼңԶɽ磬δõڴȨĪİ
ݣ
˵꣬ٴɱһ
֮ǰһҪ࣬ȻȫҪ齣
ұţ߾£ΧƣʮɽۼϷ
ಣ
ʱ˫֮Уǿֲɽƿգɱнʱһ۵ĿӣȻƾٶȣƿصɽǰ
Ҳɵۣ׽·ɱĶһɵۣջ𣺡ǺˣȻҷǿߣ϶ӣ
ӿɲʲô˶ӣǹճģҲܣ
ʿԡ
ڧһ֮ڣߡȷ߿һͷˮ

ɽ˲ޱĽնǰ
ȴû뵽ǣֻ֣һƣɽĽնһ
澹δ˵İ֣ɡ
㡢㡢ɵۣΪɽƿߵ࣬ɽɣҲ
ԾĳֲɽٶȿһӰǰʹ㿪˵ĵˣҲҵĵˣ
㲻ɱңڳ϶ӡ
䣡
һ˫ӵŴ࣬δü˵꣬ҪץɽȴƾУ˲ըɡ
֮󣬳ΪһѪʬ
ɱ
һɵ۵࣬ȻͻɵԵĶ֣֮Ԩͻһɵꡣ
࣡
֮⣬ɵ౻ɱһɵǿ죬·񣬲Ȼŭ
ɵۣ
ƺûһɵۣϢҲǷߣ
ѵǷԮ֣ʱɽڴѹȣ˭ҹȻַ֧ȣ

⣬һʱƺǡħšɻʥšǡɽ䡢̻ȵǿߣĿɵǿ౻ɱ
˭
ͥһɵۣɽ磬ֻͥɽ磬һͨɵۣȻΪһĴ
ɱ
ο໹ڳϵĶӡ


2717 ǧ
˱ɣΪɵۣҲҪ
쿪ʼͷſֲɵҲɵۣѽԵǿ˶Դ
ɵۣһһ£
ڣ
λõģ
ɱʬ壬Ѫڹʡ
ԹӭʮǿƿصĽǰ·һ۾ߣǷ
ǧߣɻʣʱͻɵۡ
ʣԳնʿ
˭Ϊ֮УΪǿߣδΪ֮㽫桢׵ѡ
ٿ
˵棬һâ΢΢ͷų
찡ǡ½
ɡˣâ˲䣬Ǵһ֮Ŵ档
Ϣ
ʯˣˣ𾪣һݾϲɣϢϤ㣬ѵҲǴƷˣϢҲƣ
Ȼ̫ס
ȴˣղͷŵϢԴǶһ޶ġ
һ·棬ٴͬѵ߻ϲ
һ󣺡֣ǧˣֻˣ
ҡһǲš㡢㲻֮ԨΪΪΡѲ³ݣֻͻأ޷ܡ
ҲǸոջһʱȥͥȻЩڶԸȣұϹˣ
㡢һҪʸ⣡
ʣ
شң㲻һУɵΪеŮӣʲô
С
ֵܣ
С
˲֪ɽҲ֪顣
֪Сֵˣ弫֮⣬Ƿ¶誡Ҳ̫
˵ɽˣһͬ뻪۵ߡࡢ½껵ˣ˵Сı
ԡ
䣡
߲һгδˣڻ
һӣڴޣҵĺֵܣǻˣǲɱȥ֮Ԩ
㶣ŵҺûȥҲǻˣ
Ҳ߳󣬷·ʶ档
ΪͬһķߣͷųıԴȷҲƷߣ˵һУ֮ϢϤҲ뵽ǰߵݡ
Էҡͷ˵ڽмͷ磬֮Ǹֻɽٴγ֣һɵΪ֮𺳣
̫ˡҲĬĬдš
ʣ޼賤ǿɺã
ȷݣЩ֪ܿģҪӻطȣ
ˣʱ߽ɣϷƿһ⣬̵Щʹ
仹֪桢ݣѣǵˣΧ
⣬ûһ˿˿ɫ仯ˣЩɱ룬мɵۣҪɱɵۣҪһʱ䣬˲٣٣һɵ۲Ҷ֣
ԺҼͷ磡
ߡԾŶʮɵɱ
ǡġ
ߣͻȻоԼٴλص컯ŵֻǼˣȴҪԵǿľްԡ
ʱ˿̣ٶݣκλɡ
ģֻӰͻϤˣû˿ɡ
Ϊ£ֻһӵηվ͵ıӰ
ʲôȴҲԶһ̣һɻΪǰսһŵıӰ
ʦ֣˭ΪǷȣûмͷˣ
ͷ磿ȷûУ
ɵֲۣɵۣɵۣǷȣ˶֪Ĵڣ
ƺ˱Ƿȵһǿ죬Ӳ

һǿߣڰйעݡ
ǶҲǷߣǲǷߣ춼
ʱϿս֮Уʮɵۣͥ˷һɵ۵ɵ۲ȡ
Щɵͥȷһȥɽ磬ֻһǿߡ
죬ɱڣյ˫ͫԣߡ˵Ĵڡ
һ̣棬Կ߳ʮˣɵ죿ŲţֻҪһУɱ㣡
ӿ
Ǹɣͥ棬ӿ񣡡
Σǰǧǰݺͥκȥ·棬ջǵ³

ʮɵۣһɵۿܷǳɵԡ
Ƕɵۿԣһֻǿ׳ĹˣֻԵߡ
Ӵͥԡͷ֣һ
Ի죺еɷһս
ڵһһ֮
ɳЦãһ֮㲻ɣ˵ԡͷ磿ԻǼͷ磿
ԣҵˣͷ磡Ϳ⸱ҾҪһɱ㣡
ಣ
緢ŭĹ졣


2718 
ɲԿ
쵱ץһȭףǼƷʽ׷±ʵƷһЩ
һ

ǰ֮Ԩδ֮ǰֻͨڣ˵зɶˣƷʲĵƷ
ݣ
һڴ󵶱𣬳ɱȭâһȥ
֣ͣ
ɵ۵ţĿԱնɱ

䣡
ȭâ뵶ɱ˲䣬۵Ļǡ
˲Ϣͱ֮·ѹƣ˳ȥžž֮е죬˫顣
Ҳڰ֮зѪѰ죬編һܵش֮󳹵顣
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׹һ̣һ˫˫Ŀ֮£ɵ۵ȻѪΪһ⡣
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ſʬ塣
ǿһɵۣһɵۣɶ鵤ҩ޵Ϊ
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֣
ʮɵۣҲ׿Եǿ
ͬȾ磬һɱǺεʵ
˭
ջرԣȻԵڿУžž죬ǰһɵۣȻ
һʵ̬ǿߣ
ǷȵһţʵҲɣ
ɱɱɱ

֮⣬γɰΧԸʿ۲ͣ
ֿʼ۸ߺڲʮɵۡ
˺
ɵ֮Уһ˳
һħһͥħŵǿߡ
һɵۡ
ˣǿ١
һɵۣĺȵλһΧɱĪҪһȥսɱ˵ģģ
ã֣һƺǵɵۣһۣħͷΪߵɵۡ
ᣡ
ɵ۹֮ǰͺıϻ֮
һ߶ͷƣΪҪ
䣡
ʱȻǽɴĻᣬɱɵ۵ױΧ󷨶顣
ÿֲɵۣ
ΧЩɻʣ޷ƿؽ󣬴󲿷ֽ顣
ݣ
ɽɵ۴߷սɱ棡
һЩɵ󣬽зΧɱԡ
һҲ׻뿪С𣬶֣ҲɳЦһ
⡣
ۣ
ǧ״ΧȻһɹ쬵
˲䣬һɹɵۼӹ֮ͥ˷ʿԱɡ
ΪߣɵۣˡЩǿһЩֻкһΪ֮ϰɣ
ɵۡ
ƺλɵۣĿವϡ
ƺ罣Ҫп쳰ЦСӣɵۣȴΪ䣬ȥҲͶʮ꣬иɵʵͲˣ
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ͷ磿
ǿüͷӦ֮Уһǿ
ȻûУ
ħɵۣһֻɣħͻȻħɷΪͨԦ֮£·ħɱ档
ɵۣҿʵ֮ԨЩʵǿȥ
˶û뵽治ûܣһɱȥ
ӡ

ħɷһ㣬Ҫû档
ӡɱ֮ͨײ֮˲˺ΧڶƿصĽ󣬳顣
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ɻɵǰ
Ƿߣǿߣɱһ
Σ
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ħ֮Уȳ֡
񲻰սһȻֶϴЦݡ
㡢㡢Ƕɵۣһħʧħ֡
ȻǳǱղŽ֣Ѿˡ
ħ߷ŭȴּɵ֣ͷ磿㲻ͥⷽķߣҷΪУֻ·һеĺһΪǸ߽λɵۣɱ׾٣
һǺǿ󣬵Ҳ棬֮һһһֻҪɱˣɵۣĿ⣬䲻Ǹɵۡ
ݣ
ƺǿߣɵΪͥκһǳϡСϵĴڡ
˶˵ɱһڵƷɽȻƷһ㣬ǵ۽Ե顣
ʵƷɽںϲҵĶ֣ȭǬ
ʱԷԵɱȻֻ幭ɱһհľâȭͷΪȭâɱǰĽ
¡¡
ʵԵĽ棬Ƿɵɱ
շ·һ㣬ȭâһ顣
沢δһƺǿߣϴ߶ֱܸըƬ
ǧȻͻɻʣ̤ɵۣ⡢û֪ҲŰɣ
·߼ǿᣬο֡


2719 ߼ͷ
ۣ
ƺǵǿߣһڴѪ
ˣ
һĻö˼ž
ֻµ˵һɵ۸ҵĶ֣ǶһϣܷסУ
ɱ
ʱɵۣԽԣɱɽ͵Ϯ档
Ȼɵ۵ע⡢ơ
ģ
ߡ˸ߺ
֪ߵغ񣬾ƾǣ
֪ɱںվŸɱҲ޷˿в
ĳУһһңɱ
ۣ
״͸˵ţ˲ɱ
㡢ֻǶɵۣʵ
˲ɱɵۣ
ⷽ޷ţǿߡ
ħǸߣƺǿһ߶ȻҪ֣¶ţͷ磿ɱҼɵۣҡǾŹ㣡
ɵۣͥǾԵİҲĴڰɣȻų㣬ҿ̫߿Щ
ݣ
ɵһ˱裬Ժ˭ǵĺɨأ
ڣ٣ȫ߶ɽһʱɵ𵴰˷ʮ￪⡣
ɣһЩɻʶѹ
ǽԼ˶Ź
ۣ
ԾɻΪסˣɵ۳Ǹˡ
һ£֮ˣҲ׷ۣ֮Ȼնɱĵһˣ
ǵɱ֮ʣüģһѪͫҲǵֻ۾
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ۣ
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ʧʣʴ⣬ֻʣһ֡
ɱ˷߼ͷ磡
ʮǰ
Щ˿񿴵ħŵôСʧ
ΡȻһЦȻȥص߲㣬ʵǽţǣҼͷɢޣڷߣӴԺҪһǵݲҼͷ𣡡
ಣಣಣ
ʮ˲Ÿߡ
һɻ󣬷ѽʵֵܣ治ףΪ㵱һһˣͥΪУ
Ƿ̫࣬Ϲ컯ţΪ飬ڷȣֻоرԴӽԺҪЩעϡ
ߣһѣƼһˣ¶ϵЦݣ統һң޹أһβͬһΣǰûʵ潻棬һΣˣ
ĻۣҲѲĶ֣һ·κţԱ㳬Խ
ϤϤ񣬻аΨ塣
ȻС»û꣬Ŵëëȥ͵ϮΧЩǿߣǱ֮ǰ֣
ϴ󣬷ģ㻹ǽСţСڹ궼˺ܾûһˣˣСͰ͵˵
û⣡
գĴһȻ֮С
УЩֻһϷ
ã
ںڻĵصĵӣӹա
Чˣ
࣬ԡߡˣ֮пЩΧˡ
Ƚǰ͸ӦһЩϤϢ֣˵аȣ


2720 ڵǿǣϣ
һдܣֻм֪Щ´˵ΪԵʣɵҪȣκ̤һƺǡֻ̻ڹγɰΧ̤һ
öϤϢ
Ƚǰδ̤У澹ȻӽϢ֮в׽οϢ
ӦˣӺ
޼賤ϢаĦ졢硢˵Ϣкüˡ
Ħ졢硢ǧǰֱͥͥͥҲ£
ˡ
лͨʿڰ
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޼賤Ħ졢硢򡢻ͨʿڰЩڷʱڵĺġ
㹻ˣ
ʦ֣ƽ
ʱ߽ӡ֮
һٶߴ߶ⷢ
ߡ˽󣬶֡
޽ɣ
һϤڶ֮УλҲǵһӭߵķߡ
濴޽ɣҲһů
޽û˽¹Ľ飬ȴǷߣҲ·֮УΪķ֮һ
λǣ
ڶνעԡϡ
߲԰޽ɣѿڶݣڼʱסԡͷ磬ͷҲǷߣѣŷټȣղſǰҵȴæ
ӭ·һˣ޽ɴˣȭӭȡ
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ոսƳɽѾԵȴ
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氵֪ͨƳɽϾͬˣԲ߰޽ɣƳɽҪ֪ġ
Ƴɽݺᣬ˫Ųţղ߶˵һţû뵽㣬òϢƼҵѪǲģ
ܣѪϢǲƭˣҲңΪ飬컯šǬأ֮Ԩɾңδĳһ죬Ҫǣһһֻյĳ裡
ͺãֻҪţһû⣡
ƳɽϽȥ

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Ƽҵӵмɽ壬ɽжɽȣһЩ
⣡
ȴţ
ʱһȷȻᣬƣ·¡
Ƿ߲еʡ
޼񣺡޼ʦ֣Ȼ֪ģ
Ժŷ޼ǰҲ˭޼Ҳꡣ
˭
޼ܺ棬ǰǷϣһͷڷͫ·ǳĽ
ԭʱ޼Ӣ
ʦ֣
һ˷Ƕ۵賤
Ҳڲ٣ʮ겻
ʦ֣
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Ŀ磡
ʦ֣
硢ͨʿڰˣһһ
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˶ˣ
߻ɨˣֿ˿
û˵ֱ
Ǽʲôˣ
ƺǾǹҲʦأ
˾ˣ

޼賤Ħ졢硢򡢻ͨʿڰ;УиԲ¼ɲͣ
ڣ
ŷֻһˣվǸߴ֮ϡ
ⱳӰ
˷ǳ㵣űӰʼ벻͸
һᣬÿͻȻֱӰǳϤʶͻȻ벻˭
ֱ滺ת˿İףӲ֪˭
ɴ۾æˣϲ
⡭
ûһ˿ԻشĻ
ˣһ̣˵ˡ

Ȼһ
׷Ծ⿴˴ˣԲŵ񣬴ͷŴ档
Ψ賤Ÿʵ㡢㡢

ˬһЦ˲ͷѪϹ⿪ʼû
ȱɱģ˾£⣬񣺡ݼ
ɣǣںο˲֣һɵԵ
㡢㲻Ǳ֮Ԩ𣿡
ԣǹԶ˵ģ


˴Ŀ棬ԽԽʵֺ˼ҹľ
˽ֵͣȷ֮Ԩ꣬ǧͻˣɽ绹֪ԲŻûòԼͷ֣صͥ
һڲκλɡ
ǰ㣬ϤЦ˵֪ǻкܶʣԺǣҪ£ȻξΪΪ֮ҪؽڣһòֶΣΪϴ裬ٶ̤ɻʣɵۣ
ǣ˼
ô£ʣ½ôˣǴ󲿷ַϽ磬ڵˣӦòɣ


2721 ڵǿǣ£
ڰ񣺡Ŀǰڣģʢǰ硢ɡˮī޵أҷ֮ǰ˵Ⱳӣɽ磬ҪΪڵʿϣţһţ
ҺܾãԸʵϧ
Щˣ겻ѡ
þòǰĦ졢硢򡢻ͨʿڰˣ꣬ŵһμ档
޼賤ڼǧǰͼ档
Ҳ棬һԸǸðƻ
Щҩţ̷һţʱ䣬һϴ裬ֱʵ뾳磬ҶǷߣ;ϴЧҪɽԭסǿٱ
ãǧǵһһֻصҵĸо
˺һҲƳɽ£ʶƼҸߡ
ǧǰڷֻƼҼһȴƼʶ档
ʱƼҵλ

Ϣú棬ȻӦƳɽ
ճ⣬ϤףԦƴӲ֮ء
ǵ
ԱһǷŵ졣
ڷȼ죬Ҳʶϵ޽ɲֻ࣬Ǽ浫û
Ȼ㣬֮ǰţǸõȷҲŸ㣡
棬ú
ӵ컯ţΪվ飬оͽȵɹһ㡣
¼丩羰֣ϲܴ֮Ԩܽܣ˭Ҳ֪֮Ԩ˶
ۣ
մأһΪĪ裬Ȼǡ
ͻȻڨڨЦ⣬Ź죺۸һУãһֻģ粻ҵĶ֣ʩչ췣֣Ҳѹ
Ȼû㣬·չֵǱΪԸɵҲ⣬ţþԴУǧĽ죬ҲͶɵۣʵɵۣ֣
󣬺ɵ޵ɱһ۲ѣͬڳǿߣҲֻ֮һְˣ컯ŲȻʱɱۣ컯ŵŭȻͥ
֪һ㣬Եȵʱǡһڹ̻Ҵ⡣
ʵϿɣҲóϷ棬ȣԵЩʮɵ۾նɱ߼ͻɵۣ֮ʦҲոͻɵۣڹΪа޽ʦҲһһʵΪ㣬õһʵɱ䣡
Ҳڷȶ̫ãҪԼͷݣͥעߣΪңȴ޾鷳һȴ̫ƽʦ֣һҪ㶦
û⣬һˣ£Ȼҵ£Ҳȥ졢޼ͬʱڵ
죡
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лۣЩ˾ͷ̣һε
뵽һˣߵҹ㣬˵Ƿ飬ڱǡڰ׷ɱԺ߶λǿͥΪ鷳
֮ǰһ
Ǿ߼ǧǰġ
ߣ
ںڰħž֮߬ù˵
ҪǿߣΪӦҲǸ߽λɵۣ࣬󣬸ͥߡ

ºſʼҪһ硣
ɵۣ
Ƽҵڣȵ÷̳š
̣
״̬£ѪգƤӿһЩʣֻʮԼϣͨԪڹĵ±£Ҳڷա
ӡϢȻҲӵӡΪܳΪͥһԭɣ
֪֮У̫
һЩ΢Ϣһӡж
֮ǰҲйֹӡ
꣡

̳֮УֲͷƤƤըѣʼž飬ѪɫҺų
𵤡֡֡ϡȫѪ⾡ַʼ顣
˽Ѫ
ͻϤʹ֮£ü׷֮ҲȻ֣һεѪ۾Χ£һĻ
׷֮ҪֻǾס֮Ҫըѣ
֮嶯ɸֵҩħںϡ
һ̣ʼܣ
ʮ۴һŹϵ鵤ָ߼ҩͨɵҲ޷ܡ
Ѫǿ󲿷ִ˷ѵ鵤ҩֻҪһҩգܸ̤ɵۣʵֱ̤߽λɵۡ
֮ԡ磬绯ܣɵ۵һУѪʧ


2722 ɵ
𵤡ءԪ񡢾ѪͳͳŽ̤֮ɵۡ

þ֮˿
оǳᣬΪһͻƽ
ɵۣ
ǧ꣬ұɻ̤ɵۣۡ޼񡭡յٴɽ磬ͷصʱ̣
һ飬Ͻ֮ɵ
ϴ󣬹ϲ
ڣ滹棬æףء
иҲڣƹӣһֱС
̤ɵۣʵ߶ȣʱȻɵʵɽ磬ʵԺߣҪȥЩ𣬻ǻ졢ɵۣ
ϲãܿͳ嵭ˡ
Ϊ֪ɵۣ̫ͥѾһǿߣټɽ粻ʲô
뿪̳нʧ
״̬£øԴ֮󣬱ڹ
ֵܣͻɵˣ߸棬δΪϢ棬ʱš
ͻˣ
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˱ˣˣԼԼ֮·
һŲҩߣ֣Ҳʱ䣬˽Ҵ֮Ԩ֮ǵ˵ȥ򣡡
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԰һ۱ĵȻ̫ɽ̫ۣ֮˵۱קקֲ컯ų֣ǻۣҲҶһë̫ɽ컯٣
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Ŀͣ
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λκ̫ۡȾΪ飬ϧջǡһжȥˣ߷·Ȼû·֮߳
ȥȻȥЩȴǿ̹ģ֣ͻɵˣЩԴţ
ְи߲Դ

ʮ˰꣡
ʵ̤ɵۣǷͨЩδ
ϴڷ߼ͷ֣Ѿٴͥһ͵ϮЩǰǰɱ˲ˣ
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ʦ֣Ҫ鷳ˣ
Ƽҵ߷壡
ʥϹ֡վһ̳ǰڵ취̳
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Ҳһȴ֪Ҫʲô
ˣ
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ءϴɹҪһܣⲻһġ
񣺡ʦ֣ҪɵΪ޷ƿƬʱգ
֮ǰȻ첲ʦܷģʵ۷壬Ϲһ࣬㹻ʵ󣡡
ʥϹ΢΢ԪطҪһۼҪ֮еļطȵȴͨɿһܹͨǳպͨͨ꣡
ǰģ㲻õģУ
Ϲݣ
ʱ˿̣濿󷨡
ССţ滹ԡ߽ȴ
޼賤Ħ졢硢򡢻ͨʿڰҲˣǿϹݣȻҪʲô
Χƣߴ棬Ĵ·ﲻɽ磬Ʒڡ
⣬ǿڡ
ǴˣĽʦܵĸʦܷģֻҪطԪ񶨻ɹ
ϹҲǵһμϹݣɵüס˯֮еŮӡ
Ӧ͸ϹڣȾͿʯ񻨡
Ԫɹʵ񻨡
ԪȻ״̬֮£ϹڣͻԪ
񻨼봩Ѫѿںϣ󲻷Ҳ֪󣬻γɺεȾ˵ı仯ϹٶԣӦǺ¡
Ѫѿں񻨣һƬƬϣѷһЩԪ·ڻ֮


2723 ٻ꣨ϣ
ԪĲʵѿʼΪϹꡣ
о֮Ԩĵħ٣Ϣϸϸ鿴һЩϸ΢֡
ϹءʮԷǳҲﵽ£óϡٱΪܴı仯
طˣڷ磬õ޼طҲռֶΣҵСǧصģٵһ󷨣ܿʼ˰ɣ
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£һƶɡ
ϹӦ̺˰ɣȻҵ־޷͸ʦķ
ˣ죬Сһ̲̫ܣõʮ۴УҲ޷ȣһͻɵۣƲ꣬ܳԽң
벻Ҿʱָϣһ˲ʦܣ
ҪܳüѪӴ

һһԱں󷽵ȴĿʥϹﾡ۵ס
ͷ֣ǣʶӿʼᷨӡȻ޷ӡʽס
޷Ҫ֪Ǿɵۣվ߷ľͷҪλɵ۷ӡֻһ˲¡
Щͷĳ·ͷ￴ĸоţ͸
ɽ꣬ӵ޵ɵۣ갡
·һΣɽʿ궼޷ͻɵۣ˸߶ȣ
ǵ
ϣٽڣһǵĴңҪ̤֮ɽۣ֮

⣬޼賤Ħ졢硢򡢻ͨʿڰֻܾԼô
Ҳʱ棬֮֮ľ޴ࡣ
Ǿϵķˣǳ֮ϵֻ̧ͷ߸
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뷲յ޼ڼ󣬴ͬںСǧԵķΪ
ΪСǧ̺ǳԽ޼ڼģطֻǻ󷨣СǧǱԴ
Ϲһ࣬ͷͷͷλʼɣǴ߶ɣ
ʥϹ֡ͷ֮ӡɵͷ뷨̳֮С
ǿһ
ƼҵһڣƳɽһЩ֣߳ɽðһ̾Ϊֹ
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֮ڣ졢֮޽ɼҲԶԶ
̲ס¶ɵʦ𣬿ˣΪӦǰ졢ɵ۰ɣ˴ͥҲֻزУ
һ˫Ŀ⣬Ȼһһͷɿʵٶ޷ȥһ֮Ԩ벻ջ˾ˣǿ߸ߣƺǡ̻ᡢЩκҷȣӽ쿪ʼλʼ𣡡
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˱ˣҵ̬Ҫźã
Ըʵ˵ῴ۱նɱҿǵɽ磬ǿĹϼ֮һ

޽ɡ֮ţҲꡣ
Զ߷忪ʼһ޵Ļ棬Ƽҵ챻ɻ渲ǡ
ӿʣ¶ڴЦݣܸܵʥϹͷ߶ô͸ؼ䡣
͸ϵ͸
ȴȥ߶š
л꣬ͷҲ֪ҪãҲδԹֻȴ
ֱоͥŷ·ܸоͥĺ嫡
Ҫһӳ֣üԼСǧطȥ֮ͥǳУ
ӡ
һ̣ͷһΣϧΪϹٻ꣬ڣͷ֮ʼ߶ӡ
ʥģɽ֮бԴһɱԴ͸ʱٶһ֮ࡣ
ʦܣ㹫ȻڷȣʩչӡƻᱻһЩ
һʱӱ仯֮УӦӡЩԾֹ
ΪϹ٣㲻ʲôǷȣΪ飬ϧ컯šǬš½̵ҵ˼ңߣҲһǿߣ֪ӡ
ȥˣ
ΪΣаΪϹٻԭ
ͷСǧӡ
ܳһʱ󣬿ʥϹּСӣǵļ뿪ͥȥǳ֮УֻҪһʱ䣬ܿʼٻ꣡
ˣ
濪ʼںظӦ֮УȻ˲ãܴɽڲ΢΢ɽ֮ǳ
ʦܣӵӡĺôƾǵΪǸ޷˾˵ɽ硢ʱգУҲǳ۷


2724 ٻ꣨£
ʼˣ
ȴͥΧǳ߶̺Сǧһ

ʼ߶Сǧﵽ֮ͻȻϹŵĴܣϹ͸γ֮ļХ
ˣ
СǧʼϤСǧ·һʼڼͷš
ͥɽ۷ʱ֮ϡ
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·뵽꣬ĳֻǾǷߣǱɹ֪ɳ
૿ǿգЦ˲Żţ棬ԻᳬԽɵ֮ϣΪɽǿߣΪһ𣡡
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пܣǱȻģڴ߶Ȼֻܿɣд󲿷޷
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տǳ¾ȷǳңԶȴҲңԶʱյһС

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꣬ΪСĴڣҲ޵ġ
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ӰȻʵ濴һۣȷϹݵԪ
ɹˣ
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ţ
ʵڴʱԣķѾ߰ס
֮ǰ᲻Сǧ޷ֵڡ
ϧŷıԴҪ治ʩչСǧƿش֮ȥǳ֮УٻϹݵꡣ


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ϧû˵ֺʮ״̬
Ȼ
ˡ
ϹݵüģԼϷȻһɽâ
Ԫ
ʥϹＤĺȵ


2725 Ҳʶ
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ٿϹ񻨣ÿһƬϣȻһϹݡӡϷ
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賤Ħ졢硢򡢻ͨʿڰͷŷ֣һʱǰʡ
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Ҿһ濴ÿˣҪڷռڣǧꡢǧ꣬Ҫɵ۵ľϸֲҩΪϴ裬ǧֻ꣬ȥˣʱٽڣ
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ˣĸ
óҩÿˡ
ҷú󣬾ھ֮⣬֮


2726 Ϊʮϴ
̣
ڣѪΪԴڳգΪѪѪѪɫ㡢ѪԳŭ
ȥʮ꣡
ָܻɣΪϹٻ꣬Ҽȼͷ
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ԭ߾ʮټ̤һɵۡ
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߼򣬼ͷڷȵżʱʱҪȥ͵ϮЩЩԸȡ
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ֱ߽ȡڵ۽һϴ裬Ǿ硢ΪһΣҴΪɵʥȣһ㽫Ϊֱɻ죡
ʵȫָʱʦְɵΪΪϴ裬ΪɻɵۣⲻڰǷߣǧͻɵۣҲʧȥģȻҪǿ󡢿ޣ
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뿪£ȥϹݡ


2727 ͳͳɵۣϣ
Ƽҵһֺ֮ԶԶͷһɵ
ȻϹҲȻû˵κһ֡
ֵܣʹӲ˵һ֣һմǰ
ҽЩԴԼ
ʵ㡣
ڷ֮м¼ŵĹֻ̫ؾڲ̺ӡپԴ
ΪϹʱעֻҪŹ˸ס
ֻص¡
ãʱָϴѪ¯ϴ裬ƹ΢ЩƣһЩɵѪ̷

ʱ£Լ߶ԣ÷档
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Ѫ¯֮е޼賤Ħ졢硢򡢻ͨʿڰӡʮ֣ΪҲǧʱڣΪ̤һ쵽ɻʡ
ʱ⣬ֵãϴٶһ࣬ʵ޷ƿʮ֮ǰǰϴ裬ϾɵҪɻϴ費̫ף
ϴһƿԭɵɻѾûֻ̫һľ롣
Ϊʵֻܰһˣɵۡ
ƿ޷ԽҪʵ
ϴѪ¯ģʮ˷׷ѹ
ɻһ죡
Ƕ죡
޼ϼһﾹȻɻʣ

ÿһʶǲ鿴仯
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ŷɽǧ꣬ǧ꣬Ȼܴӵ̤ɻʾ磬Ҳ޷
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ֻ̫ؾʲôӡֻںϣںϣһɣ³ԽɵۣҲں
⡭
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ҵֻ̫ؾ̫εǵĴУԪʦ㣬õӡҲֻ̫ؾ
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ʮǰܣʦ֣ʮңԴͬһģڷýǧʱ䣬Ϊϴ裬ͻɻʣʦʵޣϣʦܰΪϴ裬̤ɵۣ
ޣʦܣôֱʣһΪʮϴ裿ģΪܽɵֻۣһɵۣΪɵΪɵϴ裬Чԣ
ʦ֣ɵ㹻һɵ۾ͳˣǷߣֻҪһλᣬ̤ɵ۱㿿Լ
û⣬ڼҲҪʱ䣡
û⣬ʱ䣬ʦڷȣ鷳ˣ
Ұɣ
ͷ¶ѡ
лǰ
ʮ˼æǴ컯
ʦܣǾͲˣ
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ŶεȾ磿Ķˡ
ʥ
𣿡
ǻʥʵԶʱڣʥҲǻ񾳣˼࣡
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ҵõʮ۴УһЩ鵤˜԰Ϲϴ裬̤뻯ʥвܵõǸԵҲʴˣʱһȥأϹ
Ҳʦ˳̤뻯ʥ
ʥ
ߵľ磬ʱ˿̣ȷЩ޷
ɾ磬ͻɻʻ̫ѡ
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ߣͷ̤ɵ۲֪꣬ڶδͻƣҲ˵ͻƻʥļѡ
￪ʼȥϴ跨̳ʮȥ
ʱ֮µֺ
һֺֻ͸
ɣ
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Ϲݣ
ಣ
󣬱ǰһСľݣһȪΪ򵥣ȴ˺ζ
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ݶȷʱᡭǱʶͷͬգϹݡ
ȷϹݣʱȥֻʮģΪǣò¡


2728 ͳͳɵۣ£
ֻһɽ˿ҲС
Ϲݵ£˵ѣԻ֣ڹȥ£Ҳ֪飬ȻҲʱ㣬˵˵ڷЩȥ
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ȻϹݣӣָټĸо
ָоֳ֣ĬѡԵͷ
û뵽ͻȻοͻҡͷˣļȥָһǿ󲻵ã͵ǵѱɣԺֱӻ֣ȥȥ˳ˮȻҲã
Ϲݲϸ۵˫ֱȭ棬лĵҩֻ̫ؾû뵽ŹӦ֣봩ѪѿҲҴһСΪֲģ
Ϊ˲رоԴѪѿΪ
лл㣡
֮䲻лˣֻ̫ؾǾ˫ĹĪ֪ŹĴڣ
ף
Ҳˣǣ
һԻ˲ʱ뿪ˡ
ϴ󣡡
ʥϹ棬ҲڰйעΪʮϴ衣
Сţʮֻɿγȥʮ꣬նɱǧˣǼӡ
ҿһ᰾ʿЩˣϧɱǲףǲɵۣ߻Ųٸ֣С޵졣
ɱЩˣôˣͲԣëС࣬Сһࡣ
СЦǺǵ˵ϴ󣬰˼֪ǼͷΪУ޹أǰ㣡
ͷ磿
ȥѰڵķ߰ɣ
ȴʮϴڲԶں̫ۡǿߵǣɽҲڲںϡ

ԪͮӦõѩɽ˰ɣ

֮лָ棬ʵ٣շȵӴԴ
Ҳ΢Ԫͮ
ʦܣˣ
ǰ
ꡭ
ಣ
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ʱҲм֣ͻȻԸڣ
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ץһöö䣬ÿһö´λǣδȥɽɽ磬ٽڣ
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޼ֻܵͷϾʵ̫СûʵҲ޷档
뿪֮ǰȥݼ
֣ǻһж
뿪ʱ˿ʥϹ֡⣬ֶһˣߡ
ʱӭ
Ҳϣܸţ˺ܿ뿪ȡ
㣬̿
ն߿ããأȥģ
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ˣ
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ӵߣ뵽һطȥ꣬ұǴȸϳͥ
˵ǡƺ߲̫һ벻
ƹŵһڣش𣺡˵ǻǣ
ǣûƿصһΪɲ̤ɵۣΪӦڸ߽λ
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ʲôµģ滹λɣ͸ɱȥǣɵ۾ͷ档
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ĦȭƣɱȥǣҾͻ֪Ҽͷ
ಣ
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ǡһ
ŵʱһŮӷ·磬Ͷһµǳ޼ʵ
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ԭǰãܣϹݣСԱļͷ
ϹǰҲʾ⣬ɵգûЦݣȻҪһָ䣬ʵԼҲָ䣬ȥʲôӵģߣӦûһָа


2729 ϣ
չ˺ԼǴ·棬õĵƷɽ
ԭҪϹڷȣָһʱ䡣
뿪ͥʱٴһȥɽ硢ɽ硣
ﵽƷʮʵһڵ۽׷ɽ˲һƹӣԶ

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ͥһ˷ɳǣɻʥţԻϵ˸ɳǷ
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ţϹݡԡߡʥϹ֡ﲢδκ˻ɡ
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ΪȥֻǸһʿ
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ͥһǳأǵĳʵҲӦòȻɵ۲࣬ɵӦҲǿߣ
ԣȥȷϻǷڳڣǰ̻̳㣡
ͷ죬ȴҲӻǿһɵۡ
һͥǿߡ
ȥ֮Ҳҵڵ̻̳
;Ҳɻʥŵӡ
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˭֪㣬͸ӦɲͥϢ
£һòˡþƣƻصɽ꣬˻δúóһ١
ʥϹ֡ϲںȾƣЦȫǡ
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˵͵Ϯ̻̳̻ǿߣԼΧɱ棬ˣЩһǿ߹Ȼնɱ
˵棬߶ڰ֮ţߣ
ӵģ汻ȵ˴֮ԨΪڰ֮йϵ
˵

ΧˣҲⷽžƱ¥ˡ
˵ˣһǵúڰ֮ߵľ˵ķǳϸ
ʦܣ˲ţ˲ţԭɽ磬պڰ֮ţ
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ΨһûΧȥΪ̸۵
漸ǵ˿ʥϹҲˡ
ΨϹﾲţҲٳԶһŮĬĬһࡣ
λͣǱ߱Ƕõλã
ʱ¥һЩ˳֣Ŷʮˡ
ĿЩϣŮʿ
ԭʶǣǻͥʱͨһ·ӡ˼˼ӡĴŮ
Ĵ⣬˾ɽǿߣԸɽ硣
ҼǵͥʱɽˣˣֻжʮˣƺӦöȥذɣ׽š
쿴
ͻȻ
ڶʮλɵۣῡܣɫӣΧĿ⣬ſһЩˣͻȻһ¶ŵɫ
ǿľڵӡ
Ȼǣ
Щɵ۷׷׾
Ⱥ֮УˣնɱԪɽĺն磡
ɣôɣ
˵ͥ⣬ϴ
ŹԪɽ֪ն类ɱɳڸͥ;Уû뵽ȴ˰ԷȾƣ

󲿷ɵۣǵʱͥʶΣȻնɱԪɽǿߵ
ΪնɱģǴԪţμ·ɹľӡ
Щʶ㣿
Ҳʮ룡
Էһɵ쳣ɫҲȻϹݲ׽
ɨһЩʿжϹݵĿ⣬˲仯Ϊ⣺ͥʱҪɱͥʿҾ˳ɱһ˰ˣ
㣬㿴˸һˣǡ·ţߣ
ĴŮ֮Уȴߣֶ˵


2730 £
ɫһ䣬ȻӦڻ۵ࡢ½껵ˣһ֣컯ŵ
ȻǹĿ
ΪĿ⣬ƽԺ֮Уȴӿŵ컯ŵ֮УǼҴ컯Ž磬Ȼ컯ŵӣΪе
Ǹߵӣһ
Ȼ·֮еĹˣӦȥкһ
ʱ
ӡҲȥΨл˼˼δ
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ҪǼˣϾնɱն磬ԪŲװݣܿиɱͥ
²װɣ

Щӣˣƽʱϻȴȥһʿ
ԭλӣ
һҲ
֮ͻɵۣɱ䣬ҲͷŮ˼
תӭӡ硣
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ȻԣôҲͬ·ͬʱʿ硢ӡӶû
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Ҳˣ֪Щӣ˼ϸ壬ԭȻݡ
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ػˣҲһŭΪգ뻪۹Ȼһս
һŭΪգ
뻪۵Ϊìܣ˵硣ûһŵģ

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뿪¥֮
ϣ˾ֱ̻ȥ
֯·ˣУ·𲻴ڡ


2731 Ǽͷ
Խ̻ᣬ뵽ǧǰѪɱ
ڿն𣬿ԶЦȻǾͺãҿ
Ҳ֮գʦܣʦԸǣ
ʦ֣ǰãӦɵΪΪ䲻Ƕ֣ҪɱңҲܣϿֻƵᡣ
УһԾҳֲ֪ͨ㣬ҿ᲻ҵʦܣ۵ë
һģ
ǰ̻̳һǰ͵Ϯ̻̳һֲ
Ǵ󷽷ţŸ
Ư̻̳Ͽգƽء
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еǾ͵Űɣܿ˷ǿߵŭٻǣ
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2732 ˲ɱģϣ
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2733 ˲ɱģ£
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2734 ˲նɵ
Է·ſʼ壬ַʼӿû뵽ɽɵۣʵ˲ãûԨʿ
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2735 ǿĻ
ٴһɨԼΧЩսľ¼һһĪǻסҪʿ㣬ͳһսɣ֪ǾɵۣҲҼͷ粻Ķ֣ǵ˵棬һս
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ĬĬ汻ɱһĻ


2736 
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2744 ħͷ
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ڣ
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ֱڶ˽붴治еģƷʯʯʯʬ壬ɽɵӦоС
Ҳе龫۵ϡٵԴһЩ
벻۸񲢲ɽ̤뻯ʥۻҵıʥϹִ۽硣
ҪϢħȵȣ
ҵһʿ
ʿûԣһᣬʮ
뿪طûʲôùģֺ֮УûϢ
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֮У¼ħض
û뵽вʮֱھǧǰʯȻûб˶ȡ̫ˣʯϵ񻨣̺컯֮ȲϹںϵ񻨣ͷõͻƻʥ
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Ȼڣɲǣ뵽Ϲں̣֪񻨶ͻƻʥҪԡ
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϶񻨿԰뻯ʥ
ʥϹ֡һ˵񻨺ô˽Χס


2748 Ϣ
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ǳȷӦò⣬ǿΪ
ǿʯҲã뵽ʮ۴еʯ
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ͷ˼Ҫȥ񻨡
εģȻʥĻʯҪˣȴʧȥ񻨡
˵˳ɹõһ꣡
ҲϢ
һĶԱա
һȺ˾һϴ졣
˼һ֣ɽƣ֮ǰ֮УҲϢ
õˣⷽͥɢ֮еǿߣˣ
˵
ˣ
Ȼͫһɱⱬ
˲ǰɱɹǿ֮һ
¿ħɢˡˡ
һֱǵãûȥ·棬˶ȥˣħɢУ¿񡢾·֮С
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ಣ
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ȻƺǡڡɻʥšħŵǿߣγɰΧȦ
ʲôʱߣҲͷߵһ𣿡
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ಣ
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ĪħǱ
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̻ɵۣ֮ǰȻһ˷ܣЦⶼ֮
ɱǸѰҼͷɣһλɷ˵
ʦ֣

ǿߣסغֵΪס
һ࣬غԪ֣ƺҪ̻ҵͷ䣡


2749 Ԫ׷
ǹԪϣ߲ƣֻǱӴǰˣ֪䣬һʱ֪ͨߣ
뿴ߣԴʽнؼֵܡ
û뵽
һƶڣ
Ĵڲ£ӾͿŮͷǿһȻΧ֪䣬Ҫˣ֪أ
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֮¶ǣ㣬ߴأޱΣգȻɵۣͨɵֻۣһж̫ΣգҴŵعµһħۣԼܶ߼ħڲ
ﶼоħߡعߡߡߡźħʵȵȵĺڰǿ߳ûڰ˷ɽ罨ħǲ£ֻҪŸ߼ħɣ˳ɱһЩͨħʬ彻ɵˣõһЩʹͣĽ˼˼
ŮԵͷʼϢ


㹻ˣЩ֪ؾˣԺעԻأоŷȣ

һյأΧʪء
һ˹⽫ǿյأ㳹˦ǡ
߿棬ޱȸжһΪͥΪУΪȻվ
Ϊ컯飬ԼӦģӴ˼ͷݣʧٳʱ棡浭һЦ¶
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ȥȡʯûĵطԶûĵطǼٶȣҲҪʮ죡һɿʥϹ˵
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ʱ˽һƬͷֺζɫЩ԰ף湻ԵɵΪֻܱһɵٶֻɻʸ߶ȣ
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λɵɻʡɨһۣܹϾһ֮С
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ಣ
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֮лһЩħζͷʵܷӳɶˡ
ͷͷŸӦ˷ӸƷյѰ


2750 ´ϣ
ǷɾͣǰɸҪϵ

ΣղĬţһҪõϣܰһˡ
ˣ
û뵽ǧףǰһѵĺһЩ׹ǽУһɻ˵Ĺֺӡ
ʥϹһ˫ͫ·ܿĳ֣˿Ķϲָǰҽڴ
ϴ󣬵ȷһСԼԼͷţʱ汣츳ںϵ棬ļ
СϹݣϮںϹݣҴһ㵭ĽâʥŮ߹

ΣȻһ˻֡
Ӧȣˮ£ж
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ݣ

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ˮץ˸գȻûɢȥֻص˳֮С
б¾ȡ˾ǣ˻֮Уһâ⻷γɣԼԼԿһ

⻷ĳֹɣΧզȻȥ·ĳֶϷֲ
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ڼÿ˶õ
кʧ䣬δκйأõ
ʱ뵽ɽ磬Ǵɽ磬壬Ϊɽ֮⣬ĳЩһΪɽ硣
δ֣
ʥϹԶԶǻסһţ̺ˮ
ˮ֮еҲһ˵Ϊ˻ƣ飬๦ΪΪҾͻװ׸㣬бԼҾ㣬Сһľǿ󣡡
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㵱ɵӣɵȻãܸҶ٣նɱ㣬ԼˣҾܵõ޾ĵҩԼ
벻̰
ҪԴʮһΪǵ㵤ҩͽ㣿
Լ
ɲһȻǿҪɱҿɲףգɱԴҵģ

ʥϹֱ룬ȥõ


2751 ´ϣ
ʧ
ɵȡϾȱԴ֪̰ҲΪ
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ͷɱǣ㽣̫Ӱ죬οҲֻ졢߶ȡ
Īˮ֡ӹ֣
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ͣ
ոЩˮˮˮݣ໥ûҪپһУˮҲҪû
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ɽڰճߣΪһɲǣգ۱һƬа뻯Ϊ߶೤ϼһϼ׹·
̣
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ӹֺʧˣƺҲˣΧɽǻŸˮΪƣΪ¶ը


2752 һｵһ
ϧʱͷȻûзֺӹټ
ӹ֣б±Ч֪ӹзɽƺӹ֡
Ҳһͷ¶βٳ
ߣɲǿڻϵɽҿУһ
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ˮ£ǽȥˮᡣ
Ϊˮʧӵˮ濪ʼ½
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ʥϹΧȴźӹ
ҲǺˮδɶ٣ʼûѰĵطǺͲͬˣǺˮˣʧȥһɶ

һɫˮˣףˮз񴩹һ
ҵˣﵱָһһƵģɱǵɫˮˡ
䣡
ը֮󣬻Ϊ𻯿˲ɫˮˡ
ɫˮֺܿ첻ˣһŻƯˮ档
ӣΪĵĵ̣ϧҲ㣬޷뿪
ʥϹַ·ֹټҲͷһɱȥ
Ϲ˵ĲӹһӣԼ̣κҲκβǺˮĳˡ
棬ĶӲ֪㣬浱Ǽʶģǿɲһ
Խˮ̸󲿷֣ûˮ㣿
ûˮȻˮҲ޷
벻ӹ̵֣ƣҲΪҲ֡
Ȼˣĳֶһ֣һ֣պȻ֮ȥ
ͻȻһЩдͬʱһ޵ζԼԼ֡
˻
һҽУӺˮ
أ
һɻһɫˮ˲ţˮ˲ϷҽС
ʥϹֲٿ𣬷ޱߣͶʵҲϾɱϾҶ
ǲƭ㣡Ҳȵ
ǵˮ˼ߣţ׷

棿ҲʮϢӹ˻
΢΢֮ҵΪȻƭ㣬ֻҪΪغͻƻʥ
ã

ӹ˵꣬ͻȻΪһˮɫˮӺڷա
ᣡ
ʥϹַ׷׽ӡơ
Ҳɽ̣ͷ˿档
һſʥϹһȥǺӹָƿС
ಣ
ӹ֡
˵ģһӹ־ſˣʱû֮ǰţСŵòᡣ
ӹ׳Ȼˮʵһһ⣬ˮ
ֿ͸ű亮Ϊˡ
˵ЩһĴڡ
Χˮ֣üͷŲȻ̾»ֹ
ӹҲ˻ƣࡣ
Ļش𣺡ҡһº֮еžˮʯγɣҲŸոСӣҳʮ꣬ǾͲҵĶ֣


2753 һ
ȻϧΪγʥϹֺ̾Ϣ
飡
δԳΪޣ桢Сһ
ϧһɾ;޷ԭǱ
һӵвʵţûԣֻΪͨʿ
߱ס̫ǿڴˣὫץסƳΪһˮϵǵԴ
ӹһŵò᣺˵ҪĹҵģ
ҡҡͷˣǣȻ㣡
ӱߣںˮʱ͵ϮץסԭҪɱʿ
ӹּΪ᲻ãһһâ֣һһ߶ߵϷһīɫ͸һЩâһЩâΪһϢϷ

ͷɿʥϹֶӡڴ䡣
һ֮һˣͶһְսʥ
ǻҪȡɮٰͷֻһȻ
ȻҲõ
ҡҿֻһ꣡ŵúӹֲֻ̿
ȻҪŹ㣡
濴ӹ֣ӺӹϢ֮Уоһɣ΢΢һ˿˿ϤϢʲô˵
֮Уӹָһ֣еζ
ಣ
ץһö䣬濴ӹ֣ң컯дɵһЩǳҪɱΣδ޵߾ĵҩһЩ̺ɵ۾ѪֱΪʵ壡
ಣ
˲ָһӹڡ
ʥϹֽĨȥӹָֻɣŵüæص֮УҲΪͨС
ΧһǿϢϤ֮󣬸ҵĴڣ
ôԴԶţһĵԨλã
֪ص֮еˮ֣ͻȻ˵ˡ
Ŷ
˿ϲ֡

һЩˮУΪһƬھ⴦ӣʮһȺɽǺӹ˵Ԩ
ӹ˵ǰºһЩ˵ģأҲȥҵ
ҿ㻹뿪ҴºӺú֣Ӳѹˣ
뿪ʱѺӹ֡
֮תãȷλ;ҲӦǿϢƶѰġ
⴦յǺ·ģղɢ֮£һЩûԼħǿߣʿ󲿷ܻųȥ١

Լ죬һǶ±ķյأǽͱµĺۼ
︩ΧҪҵԨڣϧѱΪ档
ַ棬ҪҵԨ̫ѡ

ͻȻʥϹ˺ް취˳
ಣ
λΪ𣬴Լɶ೤Ϊһͷںڵɿ
̫ˣı˲Ϣȥ棬ֻצһץһ
ɿ츳֮һɣ
߼ɵĿų
СҲ³ȥæʥϹѾڳʮ̶ֳͨԷˮһ򵥡
Ϸȴš
ԼһԪСһ
˽룬ʮϢ˲ϢǧҲ㣬ǰһȼգһһɳǰһ¸ɿݵĺӵ
˿ĺڰԨԴ֮ؾڵĳطҪҵҲף
û£
ʥϹͷʮֻСɿ˵Сͨɵʵ
ϹֺʮֻɿԴëëΪ죬ΧѰҶȥҲӦΧϢ
ˣ
潥һϢš
ħѵĵطҲħǿߣ֣֮ΪԾ
ԭǰһɵħ
ɵǣëëҲǷߴңǰȻһħ󣬴Լײ֮һԨ
ħ
ôħ
ΧɿǿϧΪ˽Ԩ
ĿڽһڽǷԨ
ȥһԨոһɵ㣬Ȼܵȴͬʱŵ
ζͬʱ𺳿ԶԼԼӺڰ֮͸ħϢ
ʥϹٿȻһԻͫµõһö˿ҲԸо˷ܡ
ħħ󣬱Ȼħǿ߲áһƲüͷΧ
ֵطħƺӵȻһħǿߣٿ˵ͻᱻԷ֣
ʾֹǰһԶΪǸֶʴܽϢңڲħֲ
˺
˲һʯ󷽡
˲δʹ뿪
ʥϹ־âʯ֮дòҵϧҵȸӦ޷ħ֮УͷŹᱻ
ҡͷҵΪԲ֪͸ħ󡭡
ھ߸ΪΡ
ϣ㽫ͷţҿ츳Ӧ˵ܿ͸ħ󣡡
ͷ޴֮ʣվ˳


2754 һ
ԣ
һͷͨɵ۴Կ͸ǰħ
ͷһһɡ
ԡȴƶޱȣƽ񿴴ͷɻı飬˲Ϣס
ٿһ΢΢һӿʥϹͷš
ӳ֣
һ̣߶СǧϹ־ɵ֮ӳԼɿϡ
Сϻͬ壬ѪһʹСǧӳָΪס
һɳԽɵ޵ˣͷ츳ӦһǰΪҰɫ
ɻҰɫͫʯ
ȥħһ̣ͫȻ͸һħӡһħɷ
ħȻû˿˼һĻ棬κһ˽Ϊ˸еš
ҰɫͫʮϢŴ͸ħ󣬿ħ治򵥡
ħɷħͻȻʧʱͫǰһǧ״ռ䣬ħͷҡ
룬Ưâһ·ں
һħǿߣȻõö˿һĻԪһһ𵴵
߰й˲򵥣ߣȻǾɵ۸߼ħǸˣ·ˣΪȻֻ̺˿˿ɵѵǻʥ
ˡ
ͻȻ֣˵Ӧħһ壬Ϊһʱͥһһ޴ħץˣɳѹǹԼλǿҲȥԮ֣һЩħǿԪӰ֮Уһ
һ
ħĹ壡
ҲħĻ壡
ҼҶԸ̫潣ʱħǿߴ߶ڰ֮ţʱϽһħ꣬󲻿ԣǴˣ
濴塮һͫٿȻŴ
Ϊһǵ꣬ĿôӺڰ֮ţϽǸħʿ
û뵽ǧأټˡ
Ҳ档
Ԫٶ˵λһλǺħҲĺ˱Լͥͷˣû֪䣬û뵽ںƻָ̫ˣǿ˵ǳԽɵ۵Ĵڣ
һ˵Ĳᣡ
ʵҲ͸߽λɵۣҪԱڵħǾɵۣǶǣ
öһֻںһ֣󲿷ڣ
ߡʥϹȻ붯ֶ
ħħǿߣʵǷͷҲûаʵѹǡ
һ־ܵõöҾûǸ֣һˣսᳬԽʥԥ֮ʣԼ뷨˵
ħǿߣΪҵȲ£һʩչħԼǿܲǶ֣߼ɵżˡ

˫ǾɵۣͬΪ˱Ȼħǿ߶֣ħǺöƵġ
ʥϹ˲俴棬һЦ棬һ·㶼Ӧħû⣿ֻҪܶħһѹԷȡ
ƺ֪ˣ뵽һ㣬߳ʯⲻλĳּɣȾħҲܾħ˶໨һЩʱ䣡
ǾͳˣԳֶԸһλϵܶԸħͷͽ棡ֺ󣬿ʥϹջء
ʧȥ֮޷ħ֮κϢ
ಣ
ͷǰӣϹݡԡʯ֮УСȥ
θоԼΣա
ż˲Ӱһ亹
ЩȻ޷Щ߼ħᲢۣˣûаյ£ǲģҲģһŲɡ
Ϲ²ڷ֮УһֱųĬ
ħǰ
ӰһЩħ
κһСıҴ⣬ǱħڲֲҪȡĿԸС
ΧħϷ߶һԲ
ͷ֮УʮΪƴС֣ǻƽɵļƷ
ľͷʮıɽպ
ʦʮֳ֣ɱԽɵۡ
Զÿһиһڴ
ʮֿƴʱǿ󣬵ÿһħϷ׽ħɷ֮
ûãʮѻΪ׾޴󣬺һɫḥ̂ħϷ

֮Уһöİ
ԭ˫ֺʮʮ֣Թн֡
ʮ־һɽ˲ħϣȻһ¡¡𵴣ħʼ
˭ģ
ԷħҰֱӵʽЧħͷͷˡ
ħͷ˲Ϣץĳìֳìķкյ״ҳì֮ϵһЩԲ֣ĳơ
ɱ
ʮʧ˲䣬ħͷ߶ìɱڰ񼫺ҹ֮µĺ棬Ƿ캧ˡ
ɺڰƲûһе飬Զܵڰһ


2755 ֮
¡¡
һ潣ƶΧħɷûĺڰռ䣬˲ȴһƬѪ졣
ѪڵĿռ֮Уħͷ
ಣ
һͷ󷽡
һͷ
ʥϹĿһԺڰħĹ塣
һϻܿѪӦҲʮֹˡ
վΪǱԼΧ̳
ʥϹһƣɱ磬ҪһţóҲɱ㣡
ԭΪԣأʵв٣Ϊʲôǿߣƫƫ뱾ڴˣ⼫ٵעҪɵˣ
䣡
˵꣬ɲǼ䣡
һһشꪷһ˲䣬һʥϹİԵɱһ
̡ذΧһзϽɱ·Ҫ顣
һעһħ
ɱĴꪣͻȻһ𣬱㽫뿪
һΪԾһͷȻɵۣʵ̤ɵ۷壬ʱͻƻʥ㲻ҪΪͻƣ
㵹ϧˣԼƱƣʥϹֺ򶨡
벻ǣһ΢΢ѹסħɷʵͻƻʥͶҾͻƻʥҪԴ
ʥϹֽЦħͷҲܽʥǱɲҪգǲħħ֮ظǿħͷҲỶӭɣ
Щħͷ뱾ȣǴ඼ħǺߡعߡħߡźħЩڱǰҲҷѪֻĴڣ
ҿɲħ壬ʲô塢ֻ֪ܴõö
ӸѡȴҪѡ
һɲǣһһƬҡ
䣡
ȴٴαһԼںΪһħУռһ趯ն¡
ʥϹüͷһȻ֪һһʵǿҲδ̺ɵǳԽɵ۵Ĵڡ
ɽ磬ǿߣҲδ뻯ʥй֣ǵһ
ݣ
߶ɽĿʥϹ֣һնֲħɷдꪡ
ҪӲӲ

ĽײΧħɷ顣
ʥϹ֡һ±ϣ֮Уʱ̾ΣգҪ鵹û
һˣʵϲ࣬ÿǴɵۣ޷ħɷ
һ˫ۣͷһһ
ۣ
ͻȻħ֮У΢ǿƵĳ
һһ̱ɼֶ˼Ѫۡ

һħͷԶߺǵʱ뿪Щɽǿߣ
һ˺󣬿һŭһԾߣ࣬ԼƱͥʵҲñƽ
䣡
ɱһħɷϷ齫顣
һֲľӰγɣзһβƵĽ⣬ħ⡣

ʱһֱ˻ȥ
һֵ߽ħͷߺǱ볷룬һʲô⣬һŭ񷣡

һ֡
ˣһ̣һΪĺȵ
ˣȻ֪ԣħͷǵ⡣
ʲôʥϹּɱ
ﵱصħڰ磬Ϊǿħ֮һ˵͵ɽ컯šǬš
ħǿĴڣ
һȽ˵ʥϹˡ
Ҳίʵ벻ħͷȻб
ֲõһۣһӺڰ֮ŴϽһ̣;òԭ˴ͷʲôߡħʣҲԱħͷʱԾ
ϧʲô֮ӣɱ㣬ҲĪǳҵɣ
䣡
ǣʥϹһ̹ٴγ֡
צӣץ⣬ɽΪԴ⽣ѹһ
ʱ
ͻȻ׼ʱ䣡
º쳾
䣡
һ֪ʥϹֵҷ
ȫɱ֮ʣȴһӰȻһɲǴԼ߷ɹ
⡭
𺳿һˣͨɵȻΪ֣öץס
ϧһֹҲ޷֣ȫʥϹֽ棬һιƺɡ
صͬʱͷˣٿʥϹָһ˱ʵâö
һһ棺Ǻˣղšͨͨǿռͨ
ֻһͨʿллˣöġ
߿һĻҲܷˡ
֮߱
һͻȻһСޣѪɫСޡ
Ӻͨޣĳƶɡ
ˣ
ɲǣһħӡڹΧ


2756 һ׷
벻һʱѪɫȳ棬ӹɳ
ϸϸһʲôȳ棬һħҺ壬γƻȳӡ
ħ
ʥϹ֡ɵģħ
̣
ħһʱڼΧʥϹֵһմȾħ»ǱħһЩ

ͻȻʥϹǰԼմȾһЩħ
˲תΧ
ಣ
߱ħΧѹħħһ˿˿ӿϣɵƤҲ˲Ϣֶ񭣬֮ʼá
ݣ
ħͷϽ׷ɱ
û뵽ɱһӡǽâΪһʮ֡
ʮӡ
ʮۣΪǿͨͨɱ˲䴩ħɱ׷ɱħͷ
ħͷֹ㱻ʮӡûǸһ˵Ĳᣬ׷ȥ

һŹӣΧħ֮С
ȻǱΧ伸˲ϢЦһбƵħɵҪħħҪܳʱ䣬ǧ곤ֻ꣬Ҫ׷ȥУ
𣡡
һЩѻӹ֮зɳ
Ӧһģѻħ֮ǰԹڵħһ
ǲ֮ħɱֲħͷɱ˵
Էɵۣһ򵥣ʱ׷ȥҲһѹסǣҲħͷ
ⷽʰһȻ١ֻб˵ĶûκˣܴӱｫκζǸλɵۣ֪ΪΣϸоһĪв
һٿѻһᣬȥ

¡¡
Ԩݷ񣬿ʥϹֻΪ𣬿ھһͨ˳ӳ·档
棬ߡԡϹݣ϶һЩö񭣬١
ΪħʥϹ֡ϢһЩħ͸ʱһ޷ħħ֮ʱҪħǳΡ
Ȼߡ
֣񻨣
ĿǰҪǻ˺ܿϢմֱġ
󣬽һټĹֺ
߸һ󣬾߻һ˽ȥϢ
С𡢴ëë󷨣Ӧ
ƤѸã
￴棬ֶҡͷ벻þɵ޷ֹħȥ꣬ҾҪħ֮£
棬ǾͿˣһľߣҲΪ
û⣡
ǿһġ
Ǿѹħʣ¾ͽұǣ
һ沢żҴ߶Ѫħħʼת
̣
ͷѹħϧһħҪûˣƤԸʴѪ̣ԼѪݡ
ݣ
һЩӡڷɳ
Χǿߣ֮ſ죬Ӹôħ̡ݽԸһɡ
ȻͷħħħڣȻûнʴ
ʦܣͨ治ҲˣƣʥǿħȻ޷ʴһᣬдֿʵ
߻ſۣ³һͨȷ޷λɵΪͨȻܳԽ߽ɵۣƻʥħ
ɿһ壬Ҳ츳źǣǿħ޷ħ
֤ѪģȻǿʥϹ֡
΢ЦЦ
ЩѪֻͨ
ʵӦ˵ķ㡣
һУ澭ںϡһЩںѪ֮С
գѪɸ߼ħһУϵ󣬶ǲ㡣
߼ħǻʥƵħһʵ죬֮»Ͻ棬ЩħǺö
ĥһᣬ˵պдħʿʬ壬ϸħռЩħ綾ںϣһƳħܶԸκɵۣ
ħ棬Ըǿеһ÷ӣ˵Բˬ
ʦ֡ǰ
һȥͷϵħѪɲ࣬ԼҲڿʼһЩħ
ץöߡ
ͷܵõ񻨣뿪أѰһֵĵطܿʼɽ٣ʥ
ʥʸһɽ磬һ
ˣ
ֺԶ
һЩѻѰķ
һ֮⣬һʿЩ˶ħǿߡ
ϰˣ֮Уһ߱ΧǿʪС
һͻȻ¶ЦʮԸٶȣԽһٶ˶ȥ
Ϣ
һЩħһһ㣬ɫΧ
ʱһЩѻΧϴɫȥ


2757 ˮٽ
ᣡ
ħͷ´Χħͷ׷ץһͨ

ڣС·ڳ˯֮УͻȻͷһâ
ת˲֮ʣΧħ⣬ʯ׹󣬺¡¡˷ʼ顢
ˣϢ֮󣬳ʧ
һҲŹ
磬һϰֱɱȥ
ħֶίʵҽħϢգӡ͵
һӱ󷨴
˴ħɷ֮г֣һΪ򣬽Χħɷ顣
֣֮ǿʥϹ֡
ˡ
ħͷպҪΪ˱ħĥһʰ
֪
ʱˣһû£ͷֻһЩ˰̣ûһ˿˿ħ
֮У˭ܻⱾħ
Χħǿֹ߽һ
ң
ͷһ֡
㣿֮ǰƣӦɵۣ㾹Ȼʥ˶£Ȿħ棬һϣǾ
ħöԸʥϹ֡߻ҪǰǱߣ
ǳݣӶţɽ֮ʿܶħ壡
ĬƬ̣һʲô
Ƿߣͷ磡Ӧ
ͷ磿ҼסˣϧҲֻǽ죬Ϊļգϧˣһѵ˲ţΪβħģ
һ̾Ϣ
ɱ
ħͷ˲ϢΧϰħͷͬʱӡħɷ췭أҪ˸Χû
ಣ
ʥϹͻȻΪ𣬶βסˣſһɱ
ʮħǿ߱⣬ûȸַɱʥϹѾٶƣȥ
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벻ͷܾҵħʲôֶΣ
벻һ侲˿
֪ʥϹٶȶ಻ûˣѾ׷ȥ׷ȥҲ޷赲ǿߡ
ħˣؼңһΧħͷ
ǣ
˲и
һҪɽƻܱѪءźħʵ̫࣬޷ڸǰõأ˼ãһִȥ

ʮ⣡
ɿе·̡
ʥϹֻΪ˴֮пΧɫȻ
һ˫üͷΧղźգһϰħͷһɵۣ涯Ҫ˵Ĵۣ
û뵽ħ߻壬ĶӣʦܣһǸţһһλͷҲΪɵ
ǻʥҲͨɵ۾磬һ࣬뵱껪ۼΪƣ֮һᳬԽˣ
һ

浭ȻҲϿǵĴڣֻҪʱ䣬δҲᳬԽһ
ʣ֣ȥѰʯ˰ɣ
ʯ
ҵʯõ񻨣Ǿ뿪أղŻһöǳȥ֮Ϊ˾õһݣܵõ񻨸ãһ磡
˵꣬ͬʱóͼԱһٴǰ
ڣ
һʶڷռ䣬һնħʮħǿʬ壬ԼƯħ綾ںһ
ħ綾̫࣬ĶЫ棬಻٣һЩδࡢ裬һЩǾ綾Сиȵȡ
ʲôͳͳںһ
ˣһɣڶûһã
ƹͻȻ£ΪеУХȵˣǰϣҲԶԶȲǣ
ڷ㣬ȥ֪ͨǸ̻ϵô죿ŰɣԺ˵
ƹӣ
ȷںвϧڻܷŹ
磡
һº˽һδյء
ȻûϢǧˣӦýǵľںϣõС
ǰһɽ
ˣɽΧ޾һĶˮȻ֮أ˳ƴ˵Ϊˮٽ硯
˽ģΨŷ֮¡
߿·ˮЩθʯƬˮյس֣ǧʯ˼׷ʯѹϧûѹ
ʿϢƶѰʯģ֮УɿʿϢ
̤ˮٽ粻ãԼʮȻʿϢһ٣ˣ
;ҲһЩϮȴܾɵ۶֣ҲһЩħʿԼԼ֡
ϢǰɽǺܶʿʱۼϢǹȥһ
ˮ֮ϵİУƣΧ
ϴ󣬺ˮ󡣡
û뵽ͷС濴Ҳˮ
ˮһʯԵúͻأʯͷƶ΢΢һһͷ漸Ĵˮ󡡣
ϧͷˮˣӦǱɽɱϴǽ


2758 ʯ
ˮ⴦յӦò٣ٶƣһЩɵۼĺˮ󡣬ԽʥĴڣûֻ£Ƕ֣
ƺʥϹּΪ˽ˮ󡣬˵
ಣ
û뵽ǰɽˡ
ͷųϢ˲һʵ̫ɽ̫
ǣֱǺˮʬ壬ȥɽˮƤ
ɶ񡭡
ʥϹɱ̴б
˽ΪΪͬʬ廹ĥҲ֮С
ɽ̫̫࣬Ѱ˵̫ӣҲ¡
ߵˮƤ˵ƳɷƤңǽʣԼѰõĵۣ
ϣͷŸӦɽïֲǣʿУ쳣ţһ˳߶
ȥ̽Ϣֺ֮УѰϢ֮أ߱Է򸽽һʿϢصֺ
һ󹦷߻ˡ
ˣʿΪʯԼɽڲһЩ
ǻɽڲһֻϵʯõ˹ע˵ϵͨĪá
Ȼ󲿷ֶõʯʯˮٽ磬Ͳһɽ֮УĿǰûʯ䣬ڼǰɽڣʯϧʯʧ
󣬾ߵ˵ˮյز֪жٻɽܲһȥ棬ǻȣ˶˻ᷢʯ䣡
ûպ֮ǰɱҲҪָ
û뵽ǿ߲٣мɶɵϢмϢͥɽǿߡ
潥ϰɽΧ΢ҲӦٵϢֲʿ
ͻȻֵܣ㿴ϹȻܱҵȣնһ츳ҿǱȲϰ
츳
ûн͡
Ϲȷ죬أӵӡո⣬˺
봩ѪѿϹٴ̫ı䣬񻨣Ϲ󲿷ˣ
һж񻨵ԵʣȻҲ봩Ѫѿйء
ݣ
Լ
ųֺ֮УͻȻмƿնȥ
Ӧɶ֮ǰûʲôԾǺʿͬȥ
š
ֹͣʶ뵽һ
գΪϢͨɽʱһʿﲻǰ֮жȥ
ȥ;Уۣ˵ʯǰһɽ֡
Ȼˣ
ʿ㳲
ʮ֮һЩѪȣǰһϴĻɽɽڣɽҲ˸оΪ
ѪϢʹӻɽԼ֣˷ǧˣԶɽڣҲһЩͷŸ߽λǿߡ
֣㿴Ƿ𣿵·ǳɼΪɫŮʿ֮һ벻߷ּϤϢ
һ˻٣½½ʮˣ̫Ӳ٣Ի˼˼Ϊġ
ӡӡ綼ڣһɽڣΧʿ̫࣬⣬Կǡ
ʮϢ˲ɽڡ
ɽףѲ֪ķ϶꣬˽УһùӶĺϴ
·һ޴Ԩͨĳռ䡣
ѪϢˣײ벻ïֺܵһЩʬ壬ãһЩɡ
ΧʯκӰӣǽʿҲѰʯ
߿ˣԨ󣬵ֻҪ˷ʯǿɾϹȥͷӬƵȥҡ
ٶżܿΧټʿɽ֮Ѱʯ
ˣ
ãʱڰյ棬زѪ΢΢˸
Ϣޡ
һû뵽ֵط
ϧ̫ޣֻһ˿˿ΧиҲ޷Ժη
Լȥ죬Ҳ˼ռ䣬û˿֡
ͻȻһǿ𵴣һ
Ѱ
ϹȥãʥϹ־͸Ӧüɵ
Ȼǿߣпܾʯ
ԼʮֽͨϢټֺԨ֮бһһۡ
˸ΧͿŶٽȻڶȡʯ򲻻˴ǿߡ
ʯζʦܣ
𽥿¶ϲ
浹δϹݵĶ˵һ仰˵ǰȷһ鲻ʯ
˲ŲɣϹں񻨣ȻʯеϢһӦ
ݣ
䣡
ǰֲڳ֮УһЩɽײ
ﶼǿֲͨըͻȻһâԾ˵ٶȣһڿɽײ
ǵâ֮£Ȼһɶߵʯ
ʯ
еǿߣâ𺳡
Ҳĺܣʯ̫Ϥˣǵǿʯ񻨻ڣһ䣬Ҽǵõв٣ǧ˳ɹȡ񻨣


2759 һħͷ
ƴɱʯǲͨԼֲ֮С
ʱ̶һЩɻʣԼλɵ۱ɱ
ɻʡɵۣȥȡʯܿʯҲ޷ȡ񻨡
˵ʯʦܣڴõʯܴһʯ࣬ЧҲȲǴһ飡
ǵõһ飬ΪʱƾãʯҲǲģ±ȲǿʯҲ㹻ɵͻƻʥģ
Ȳ֣񻨡
ֻҪõ䣬ͷͻƻʥ
̤뻯ʥͿܶǰ룬ȴû顣
Сӣô죿оɵ۾ͷǶԵõʯһɱȥȥ»޷ʯЩɱһɱ޷õʯʥϹִʱЩް취
ȷΪˣɵ۶һٶˣɵۻв٣ǿҲУ
Ҳ취پֱӳɱȥ²ߡ
罫ƾͼƣ
һ̣취ʱСЦе˵֣ʵԸʯȲ֣ʯߣǸʯҸᶯ֣ˣ
һ
ʥϹ¶ϤİԵЦݡ
÷ӣȻڶ࣬ѹʯҲΪһ㣬޷õ񻨣
ҲЦ
Ҷû
СҲ֪˼룬뵽ӡ
ֿÿˣи⣬ʯٶȡܾˣߣ׷ȥ鷳ˣǧʯδ˶ȡȻҲжǿ߹ᣬû˵õȻԭģ
ʯϢò׽յϢܸӣСӣа취ʥϹֿ档
У
˲Ϣ˸ֻҪʯϢһǣʯȥֻҪڣ׷űǾͲʯ
ʯӡǣɲ򵥣Щġ
Цʦ֣ģÿ㣬͵鷳ϣӡǴʯֻٶȣ
аգЩɵҲǳصģһĺܣЩǿߣ󣬿ʥϹֲҲЩɡ
Сǧ
ĵ´߷˲䣬濪ʼʩչСǧĲ
֮УΪһ޵Ϣ
ϢϤĪϴܴ֮Ԩ뿪ʱʩչϢ
ǣɹʥϹõ˲䣬Ϊ֮һ
ע⵽˲ϢҲ̾ʦܣȻͨͨʮ۵ʮӡҲ޷Ტۣ
ಣ
ʥϹǰ
ǧ׵ȴܿâߣַͨﲻɱʯ
ʯҲǰԵޱȣǿƣ޼᲻ݣַӲӲ
ǻƷǵƷ߲ܣֱײɣмƷʽΪķҲ޷ʯ
ǧٹֵͨŸʿɱ»ʯȻ޷赲ʯߡ
ʯȻʶ֮ǰĺӹ֣еһȣʶûкӹǰ߼Ʋγʶã
ȴţĿʯĲ
̾ټͨ޷˵ʯɼʯӲȣɵ֮ϣҲǻʥ
ʥ
һ棬һ˵
ǺһִϣҲǻʥǵĹпǻʥ
˾ܽͣΪǧǰʯͳˣҲûκһܶȡʯ
̣
ͻȻһɱһɺڰâ
ħǿߣ
֪˭һ䡣
˿źڰâʮʿ

Ǽɵħǿߣ淢һϤϢʮħǿϢ
ٿ
Ŀһʮħǿ֮УһΪĺӣֻжʮ£֮ǰһһЩ
Сڼͷһ˫ƻͫͷź⣺ϴע⵽ӣϢҲһϢһƣ
ħǿߴ£ʮħͷǿɱС
ʥ
ͻȻâʯһɴըòɵۺɳȥ
üͷһ壬γɰ֣ʦܣһʥǿߣУǹյģ
ʥлʥͷҲģϾʯڻʥУҲԭǿ档
ʥǼٳģ
ʱΪʥϹֵģ˵˵ʥǾɵҲء
ΪΣߺʵ
ͷΪɵۣףò׾ܳɾɵ۾磬յأ̫ΣգһСľͻɥԾɵ۲ðգԸȥЩ
˵ĺܶԣԻʥͷأ޵ɵ۶ˣοǻʥ˭ղڴˣֻҡҡͷ̾Ϣ
үӻˣ
С˷ܷ
ȻһǰһϤ̫ǿң㹻˲
ʥϹ֡
ಣ
ϹֻˣûκƣֻЩϢ


2760 ׷ʯ
Ǹʥǿ̫ͨʯϧ޷ѹʯ̫£
żɵϹֿңǾܸʯҪѹʯҲܲף
ϣûģȡ񻨣ٶȣʱʦܣһ֣ȡȻаգ
ٶȣ
ȷٶȣκξռơ
ԸʯͬٶҲУ֣˶Ըʯٶȶȡ񻨣ǲܡ
ѵħͷعйأ
ȴУϡǵâȻͨû
ħǿҲʯʱʱһ˿˿
ӴѰһӣóһȣǵնɱعħͷġ
ˣ滹һ˿˿
ħ粻ߴħ壬ֻعйءԶԶǿߡ
Ȼʾ棺ӡ˼˼Ҳڳʯ
ǿ˲٣Ϊʯ
Ԫǿߣ
˷֡
ԪڣǲȡʯģնǹԪڲμӹ·ţ²Ѫǰ㣬λж⣬Ҳǳɹ·Ĵڡ
Ԫڲܲ׷
¡¡
Ȼһ̣ͬѣʯ£һŽâƣȻ󵱿ձը
Щʯ編Եɱ˷
нâͻȻ棬ʯ¿ٶߡ
ʯˣ
ʯȻܿΧʯͷͻȻɱȺǿһֲ
ߡԶǵķ档
ͬʱڸԶΪʯͻȻըɣ˲Ǳˣ޷ҵʯ䡣
ȥ
˲ϢЦ֮󣬼Ϣһˡ
޷ӦʯϢ
һԨֺʥϹ־զ
˲Ϣһ㣬ָҷֺ׷˹ȥ
׷һ룬ͷǰһ£ڸӦһƽʮףڵɻٶߡ
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ƶʯ١
ȻǲӦ޷Ӧʯ
߶СǧͬϢʯӳʮҲܴ߶ĵ¸Ӧ
ˣ
ǰͷΧ˷
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Ӧ״̬£ʱʯΧ֣ʯɣھ£Χ
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ϲΣ
ΪλʯкӦ
ģ濴ʮ֮£ʯڴͬʱΧ곤Ÿ룬ߵĳϲΡ
ȻǻϲΣʮȼɵ۷£ҲܻǿϵͨںϻϵǺôϣϲΣ漤֡
벻ףΪλϲΣʯߵһ
ˡ
ʯǰ󿿽ʯ
֮ǰ飬ȻЩԾ
βǻϲΣ͸źϢϲΣϲƣϢȫͬһһȣһһ
꺮ϵϲҲ뿿ʯʯȻײ㴩ȥ
˵ϴɽ·ԵϷˮҿʯҪˮҲߣϢһɽ
ʥϹҲ÷һ㣬Ҿ֮ɿʥϹֿʼھֱͨڵزʯ
һʱʯźȻٶȡ
ʥϹҲϷҲھ򣬵Ⱥһ֣ǰһϢӦһɽڲɽ
ɽǻģ
ϳʯ߾ȿԶâʯϼ޻˶ݵطʽֲǧδѹ
ǰʱûᣬȥ˷ʯټȡ񻨾ˣ
Ͱ֮ǰƻ֣ͬʱףͷͷǿ״̬৷ʯ
ߡԡϹҲȥ

ŹϢһâӡһŴӰ£ҪʯԼΧϲθһ򾡡
ͷˣ
СǶȡϲΣǸˣǶǴô
ͷԸʯʱע⵽ʯΧϲΡ
˼ʣŻȻףΪϲҪʯ
ԭϲʯʯͣڵ棬ΧۼҲͷһЩϲξΧʼգһ֪С
Ǵ÷ۼĶ¡
ಣ
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Ȼ˶ڣܶԸʯϲεģͷԼŲٵС档
쿿ʯżͷ֣Դ߶ɽɱֹʯߡ
ʯ̫ˣŽֱײײһξͷܵһЩ𵴡
һĻ治ҿʯ
ͷɶǾɵۣʵλɵۣ֮־ȻԸһʯ


2761 
СȥȡϲΣҿʯ̫ԵȥĻͷ޷ֶã˲Ϣ˴㡣
СֿжСٶȣȻ׷ϲΡ
ͷʱʯ⣬뿿Щѣͷʯγײﵽɵ۸߶ȣҪȥػˣɱ
սף
ʱ˲Ϣʧ
һɾ˫ͫһ㵭Ľ⣬·Ƥ֮ϣǹǷ
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ȥʥϹּæѡ
ҲȰѽĪΪ񻨣Ūֵ̫
ʦܣοɲܳǿǳ£֮ʯײϣ㵱ѪҲĪ̤徢֮С
ʵͷ˵̫ףΪǰʯͷγɵһԽɱκĵ棬ȥ
ಣ
ȻȻ
Сӡ
ʦܣǵӴ󣡡
ǵ棬Ҽ;ͥ˲һһܸǾϲ

һһ⣬֮࣬ҲֻԿʯ
ǰӦҵõսһʩչɣ
徢ƺ
һϤɡɣɻʣȻ޷߶սףֻܱͨںϻϣڱΪɵۣʵﵽɵ۸߶ȣܶٴ߶һЩ
ϧȻֻܴ߶ٵ
ɣ㣬ǻʥҲһܽսȫӣһɵۣܿʼ߶սѳԽԶЩߣ
ʥһǺСˣ
䣡
ǰǲұŷĳȻսģײػ޷ʹࡣ
أ
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СӡͷԶһ亹
䣡
û뵽ϣֻǽһ𣬾Ȼδһۼ
⡭
ͷһμʶ治ġ
ɵۣͱ飬ȴûһ顣
أ
һǰ棬Ҳֻһˣ
䣡
ĳ徢ϳ棬ֹʯ
սֻ̫ǵ壬ɵʯͷŵĳȻ޷巨
ʹһ̵棬սƵģɱ
ʯ
סʮ徢˵һδľ˺ѣžʹʯ⡣
Ҫȡ񻨡Ҽǵϴʮȡ񻨣쳣Ӳֻʩչɽ
룬ץɽ
ͷҲ֪ʱ˿̣Ƕȡʯʱǽʯ󲿷
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ȡʯ뿿ٶȣᱻʯ湥
Ϊͷͻƻʥƴˣ
ԣһ˲Ϣ߶СǧĵԪڷһ㡣
ٿ
ͻȻʧϢҲˡ
ף
СǹɲϢ
ԭɵ۶ò񻨣Ȼɵʦܣõ֣

ͷͻأʧ
ʹʧϢ֮УǳϤ
꣡
ʯϷеһ䣬ͻȻһĨǡ
Ľͼһ񻨣Ȼиոգͱһӡߡ
һ䡭
صԭأͷ󺹣߶º쳾̫˵ġ
ôգ۹ܶȡһ񻨣
߼񻨣ͻȻһּԼδйĳ
棬Ȼоءδ㾪ˡ
죬̫ף
ԭ棬ǿƷ츳ҪͥһƬأû뵽ͷʡ
ݣ
º쳾
һαͷҲҳз
ﲢδͷʮ֣Ǽ̫ǿʩչԷʯҲ޷Ļ
꣡
ӰһΣ뽣ʯϷӹ
֮ڶ񻨱ֱץġ
һ񻨣
ջصԭص棬͵ĺ֮󣬹˲ϲ԰׺飬ֻһӰλðʧ
꣡
ǻʯϷ𣬵񻨱ն¡
䣡
ڴʱͷ涼û뵽ǣʯȻ͵ȥ
ҳһӣҴ֮УȻðһȵҽ䣬ҪһС
ץס񻨣ֻоҽԼӣǲƤ
̫ˣҽ¶ȿ֪أɽҲѰֻɽǻʥǿߣҲԶԸҽ
ৣ
ҽߣͻȻϮ˵棬ͷҲԶơ
һĨӡɱҽ͵ĳأýץ˻
ͱҽˣҽٴδ߶º쳾
ǵĴΣ˶Ժ
̫ģ֮ǰƻʩչº쳾һĴʩչʱЩѣΡ


2762 ˾ͼ
ͷΧҽһ֣׷˺
ϧʯ̫ƻ֪·ҽ޷׷ˣ̾Ϣ
ҡҡͷˣ²̫֣ǱΪ񻨶ģʯعȻԺܽ񻨣츣ˣ
񻨾ʧҽԨоЩΡ
ಣ
ΧΪʯײ棬γһҽܵӰ죬·ɽڻζ

һӰ
̫Ϣﻤס档
̫Ǹ֮Ů𣿻˼˼ĵĿ˿ЩԾ
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Īǡ
˼ڲ¶ȣ
Ȼһ·ҽԨѵ˼˼ҲܸʯϢŴһɽ׷
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˼˼ҽˣ֮ͫ¶ŵĿ⡣
ӣˣ浭Ӧ
ʱߡԡϹҲ
ƺ˼˼ΪϤ˼䡣
ʯҽԨ⡭˵꣬Լʯȥ򣬵Ȼ˵ǵõ񻨵¡
˼˼æҽԨһҪȥĴ
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ʱǼ̫ӷеӡ
ǼΪţգһλǿ߾ǵߣǸħǿɱ̫һͬţ
һѣʦãȡʯƲҪҪؼΪħأ

֪
һᣬԵЦ˲ɵĳ
׷׿ȥһ׳֣󷽻һƬֲħ⣬ɼħǿ߻١

һԼ漱æǸħͷ벻֮ǰʯոճʱֹħͷ
ѪɼǸողɱˡ
ǰһ̫ӣĪҽǶɱ⣬ʵҳ
ಣ
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ٻ˼˼˷Уӣ̫ţħҪ㣬ҡ˾ͼһúô㣡
ħͷһ˼˼ܣħ磬׹ħߣһħʿΪ˫ޣڣ˼˼ҡͷ
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ߣŮˣħҲУǿ̫ĵӣҼүҲܿ㣡
һħߣӹ˾ͼһ߳ŭĺܣҼүħ֮е½ţһҲΪعЧδǰ;ħɽ磬ŮˣҪж٣
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һ̣ˣֲ˾ͼϣһɵԭǵعǿߣͺýˣ
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Ƕ·ȻպԴʱ˿̣û˻ǰ棬·档
ϡͷ硯һ·չֵĲܻɱ졢ɵ۵ı̬ʵֻ˭
ͥȻͬʱķ߰ɣ
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һȻ⿴ʮֺ󷽣ֵ棺ԭʲôͷ磬Ƿ棬ħɽţԼͥⷽǿ߽йռ֪ɽ磬һţϧҪħ֣֮
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2768 ħĿֲ
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ϴԶںֻҪɱߣ
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δˣͽ˦ÿʥϹͫ𣬿ϧħٶȷһЩ
亹벻ӳΧȻӲħͷ׷ɱҪһս
Ϊ񻨣˵أЩֵãȥðգֺӵлʥʵ
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⣬ħûǱȻӳȥҪ֣ħҲǿ֣˵һ䡣
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⧲һ磬ħеһһѪɫ


2769 ڲ˹
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2770 ǧķ
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2772 յ楣ϣ
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֮ӴԺǼʦãñȸղŸΪѾĵ˰ɣ

ʣµ֣׷Ϊ֮Ŀ

Ϊɽ磬Ϊһ壬ȴһƬ棬ҷ̫ϣγɡ
һ£ŮӴ·֮ܿС
ڶһټڣмŮӿء
˸أŮӣȵ̷ûгƣκεӲڣ
ƣ
·Ů֣ͬʱһ
ǵȷû峤ơ
һŮӣ߳ͣʦ㣬λʦãˣӦǳģи㣡


2773 յ楣£
з㣿ɽ꣬ǿɷһгƣŮ̬ȺԣûƲ
һŮӴԱߵڽͣλλʦãиݣ컯žŵӣ۵˫޵£㣡
ۣû˵
벻Ůȫӡ
¾ô·ļŮӣһʱӲ֪ĸ顣
Ż˵λǰǸȽǴӷϽ磬ܶණĪ֣Ǿϣ峤ģǿֱʳϣ
ԷһʮŮӣʱȵ컯ţɼţͲ֪Ůӣ޸ĵӣҲ٣Ҳû˸㣬ӹأ
ֵӣ޳ȥ޸컯ţ͸оԼһȣ
Īû壬û㣬Ҽ޸컯ţҲĪ⣬˭֪ԺĽ֣ܶӼ޳ȥǱ
ߣ
Ůӣڲӡ
󣬳Ĭš
ƺǿӲ̬ȣֻѡĬ

Ȼĵ˵ǼλǿͿ˵һ仰ȴੲݣĪ楣۸ɣ
ߣ
ԷһŮӣüӵ˵㣬زƣʦã˼ﲻ컯ţˣ컯ţҲݲɣеλ
ԡԣ˵ˣֻеˣ⼸ŮӣȻੲݳ
Ƣ
Ȼ˿˵̫֣̳ͥҲˣ󲻵ú³ұ֪塢컯ŽԲǵĴڣ
һλɵۣʲôͻһɵ۰ɣ
˳Ц޼ɵ
΢΢ͷĬϣ֪ôɣ
߳λ׷ߣ˫ֿ٣˻ƵͷСһңȻݲ£ǼΪܿᱻϵ
ʲô
ض̷һȻŭ
ಣ
ִã͸һѵһŮӣֱɱһơ

ĬһԲڶԷ楲һ֮ʡ
ȻĬһ¡һŮӴŸ߽λɵȻײɡ
֮ƤѪѣһЩԪƬ˫ͫð
ҵϡ
ŮӲҽһƵĶĬϣ㡢㾹ҷҵΪ
컯ŵȷֱӶ֣⼸ŮͻȻɱâ
꣬ΪֵһᣬǾɵҲˣ
ͻȻȥ
ţ
ۿŮӣҪĬϽ֡
һӰȻ̷
һǽסŮӣĬǰ
ͬһߣ߲ͬϴ˲еϢΪء
̷ϣ
£ŲҶ˵
ϣ
楿
ĬȴǸֶĳϣΪӦȥйɣһʵ󲻷ɲԴ
ΧʧΧ̷ϣĬϱȭԭǻҵһǿߣαһЩƽϣǶйҲͬʱڵǿߣ
ǾͿӣǣ
Ĭ˺󣬻ص楺󷽡
ĿٿȻϣӣ뻪ң
ǣϣһϣ楻Ǻܿġ
ǽȥɣҪŹأ벻һ仰Ͼ楽̷
ϣΪΣǸǰѵǣ
̷ֻһŮӣĬϡ
ӷΪͬţΧ̷ϣȻҪΪǳ档
üͷȻ̲ϧǱȲ컯šǬţղǸĬΪߣڻӦҲǲ֪ңǣ
˲ģҲһɽ磬һϼ𣿵һʲô
֪ҲǣϾӣٳȥ߶ң컯ӵо˵Ҳˣ
ǿ壬֮壬һɽ壬島Ϲϵ
ԶŴļ壬ҵĵ̣ǵһҲüɵֻҪ֪֮УҲŻҴǿߣˣ
˿£

ŮӸտʼģҪ̷ϣΪǳͷ
ȻһֻܳĬ¶֮ɫ
һ˲ҲÿԴ˵ղǸĬɱǣˣҲǰ
ܲ£
ʦܣĺܺã
ʱʮַɵ۷壬ǳԽɵ۵Ĵڡ
컯ɽһϵͬˣһ֪ģ̷˵꣬ڶڵȴš
̷ʯ࣬һʣƶɵĶ
˵ҲǶֻڲʲôҲûУ˼򵥵⡣
վţ˯ţֻڴʿ٣һЩ˼˾ֻм˻濴һۡ


2774 ŮУϣ
ʱĬϡŮӽٶȣ
һǰͣ£һŮӣʮͷӣʯ̵񣬲ֺ
ʮϢŮҲδһ¡
СŮ
Ů
ݸһЦһ㡣
楣ʦ㡭С楣һݵ⡣
楻ƿţžȻû
棬ʯ£ǰһɾС
С˿ٿߣ㶵ʦ㣬Ϊ㣬ұͽ䣬뻪˺ٻԼ˵ز㻹Źң
һǰƺ㣬СΣСǧ֮⣬楷޶á
棿ҵȷûκιϵ۱ˣΪҴӲʶ棬ŭ𶼷йϣԣ޹أ
ʵͬ磬ֻʧȥ䣬ʶˣ컯Ǭţѱ֮Ԩ֪ģⱲӶܷһɹ˾սȥ֮Ԩɱ
̫ˣһҪ˱·ߣ
ʶ棬αΪģ
䲻ʶ棬ǿۣ֮ǰû˳ޣǲĴڣȴһСˣˣ
ŮԼòĶʧȥˣźڣǰɣζҷǳϤ
ʦ㣬ЦӦÿ˰ɣӴˣҽ̷ȹףǰ;԰ã
벻ʦ̬ãҲûʲô˵ģ԰ãֵطк³
楻˵䣬뿪
Լƿأ㡭͡СģһУҲЩŭ
˹֪֮ûУҵĲ࣡
뿪һ̣楲ʱͷһߣ΢Цȥ
С𽥱˫ۣȴۡ
һͷţ𽥻ΪһƬӰһӰ֮жš
һǻۣ
һȻ档
ֻǺܿ컪۵Ӱӣʧֻһûգߡ
㾿һˣ
ӰӣС
ಣ
֪
Сȫɾ֮ʣһͻȻǰһͷС
Ĭϣ
㡭Сֻ˵һ֣Ҫһ£ܡ


2775 ŮУ£
ϾĬʵ̫ǿᡣ
С㣬ٹĬһ
С˼ȻѲŮеĶҪҵģ
楿Ϯ˲Сһࡣ
룡ĬһָǿдСڣץһɹ޵ľȻִüġ
·һִУһϴ֮
Сɫ԰ף۽ѪΣǳҵ徫Ҫʲô楡
һ̵楣Ϊ˶ħƵģΪŮ꣬һòپںϣ㣬ҪЩΪҪΪŮȡ㣡
֪һú
ϧˣΪ޷֪ģ˵ļ䲻ȫ԰ɣҴյ½峤Ĩȥļ䣬ԪֲӡֻҪԪ飬ԪܵشҲȫʧ
ñɣ
棬ĪңԺһŮ

䣡
СըѶٵԪƬ

뿪̷ĬϵˣգǰѾۼǧʿ
ʮˣӦǸ߲㡣
λϣ峤
Ⱥ֮УԼλŮӡߣ
ĬϣҲ
Ĭϵܣû뵽һˣ
һߣӦǳϣȻʶĬӭӡ
ĬĹ䣬ֶ˵ӻ峤Լ컯ŵĺСȻ壬СİΣͽǣ
ĬλȥϢһŮӣһۣϻһɳ֯ɵ磬󲻿ԡ
峤
楼æŮ
峤߹󣬶ӺݵţʲһֻĿȸǰ顣
Ŀ컯һǿȥ
峤Ŵʮˣ楷ǰ楣˼Լҵ˼컯ģ֮ǰͽ
楼æͣ峤ɲҵ˼ֻһͨӣȻ尲ţ
㲻ض˵Ҳʵ뷨컯˼Ůǵ˼ģ
⡭
ʵشΪش𣬹ϵĸ
ʵʵҲΪǿߣҲ壬һɾ
ô˵ҲǴţΪһŮ
ǣ
Χʮǰ楹ش
ǱˣΪǻȡ֮ıĲǿѹ㣬ΪһŮ峤ͷü΢΢һ˿ɡ
ʱ楣Ǵ½ģĥѣԼɽ磬ΪɽǿߣҲδܳԽ컯ţ
׳־
Χ֣ɵ


2776 ʥ
治ɫӦԣߣδɾͲȻҲϣ壬λǰһᣡ
һŮΪܳɵģ
кߵʵ
ͣٺƺģһҲ򵥵ģŮǴŮһ㣬һŮͲǣԱ̷ΣܿǵĹĴںһ㣬˵֮մԵ֣
Ե֣
˵һУ뻪۳ףΪ˫ΪδԲΣȥԣܳɹǵҲ޻˵׵ģŮ˵Ǿ˵˵ɾͳɣ컯֧ңԼãҲ޷ΪŮ
ȥԣ
極ľģԼš
֮£󷽻컯ʽ΢컯ţҲΣա
ãʮķ档
˳һ·γɹ޴ĳôؽ˳ڣ̡
һϵĴɶߣǷľͷ
ʥأ
Ȳѵ˵
ŵΧŴ磬ͬһ֣ǶߣΪ
ʮˣ֪˶á
ǰ
峤
һλϵֻʣһƤ޷Ǽڳķˣ˭ǱƼŮ
楣λǰ
楼æ֣
ϣΪĲ벻楣λΪľ
Ҳƺ㡣
Щϣʥصߣʵ֪ǿ󣬹ֲ컯ţǿΪС
ɲǼ䣬極ģܵЩߣĳ
ܿҵڣ˻̻ʥǴС
ָѰ飬͵ӵɽһ棬һŵأһǣ㽫֮ںϣû뵽ȥһλǿģ
˻ٴγ֣һӦ
˵꣬ʾ󲿷ԭء
ֻ峤뼸λϣ楣׷һϵߣһʥ
ǡʥأ
ʥ֮
𺳿һУûޱȻԻ͡ʥأȻһƬ档
ͬһλߣϢΡȻʥأܽߣΪҪ󣬻Ҫ幱ж٣
楸ܵϢϮƺصʷ̵Ŀˣδ뵽ʥأȻַ桭
һһڣǰԼټķ档
ڷ룬һǳĻ󷨣Χž֡
һߣ磬Χػǵ޷󷨡
峤ҲЩޱ𾴣Ϣ峤ҲЩߵĶ֡
һߣϮ峤ҵΪߣӲ֮£һʥ򣬵ʥŮ֮£غʥأΪô죬ͽŮ
ġ
峤λߣ˵
ΪŮ컯ţշ磬ѷϵǲ֮ӦʥҪֻȡŮݣ
һʵԭˣ棬Ǹڷõʥķߣ
ǣ
˳ǵڸ£ɽɽ磬֪󣬾ȥ׽ôˣû뵽̫թߣʥﻹϣ
桭
һ߳Ĭţ
峤취ʥһʵ
峤ǰһش𣺡ԭ·ʱ컯ѹ棬ʥ֪汻֮Ԩǰã뻪ҺǬһλ˾µͨϣȥ֮Ԩҵ棬ʥ
һߣɣӦ֪ǬšǬһֱõ壬Ԥ֪֪һطǴʥģʥУпܻ
Ů֮ͽƾͼƣȡŮ뻪һǻֽ񣬱ȫδ䣬Żӵ컯Զǿߴ֮壬ǱֻҪ楲˵ʥܣǲ֪ģ
ҵȷ
컯ǬŵõʥҲܿʥֻܵõʥ
峤һλλ߽͡
˼ʣڳ߲ŽΪһŮʵ
ΪŮȥǰ
ڶΧȴ楶ǰ
ʣ֪ΪŮ
Ӳ֪֮УտյҲǷ棬ȻɻĻش
Ԥ֪Լ˵Ԥ֪ˣɽ˿ƿصͨɽǸ⨺ˣҲֻǿֻͨ⨺һЩԤ֪
˵⨺˴ڣˣָ
ʵ⨺壬һЩԨԴģйһЩŮξںطںϡʥ﹵ͨõʥ
Χ˵


2777 
ƶǶӣǵײӣܣȻ˽⡣
˻Ƶ̾ˡԤ֪ɽ꣬õ컯šǬŵȴϿɣϧУ
λǰΪλ뿪ʥصģ
⣬һֱ極С
߻صԼǰҵߣƽʱһʥ֮УõԶŵģͻȻʥһֱʥȻƿ󷨣жȥҵ׷ȥˣÿһɽ綼̳ŵ֪ȥ½Ʒ磬Ʒ̳ʱջء
žĿ楣̾ʣʥԼߣ֪ԭ𣿡
ʥδʥ뿪δԼһ£⻹ǵһΣڷ壬Ǿ;ѡһŮȻһɽ磬û뵽һзħ۵½ħ޵У
ԭˣ
ŮԺӵжʥְ𣬵ȻҲɳǿߣʥҪʼУܷܷͨʥͷųɹ󣬾ͿԼûԵ
ʱ˵꣬楸Ϊ
楰߰ţ˫ֻģγɵγ
λ
·ʮλߣλߡ
Χʮһͷƣɲǣ·Ϊס
Щߺǿԭ˶ĸֲ֣컯ţҲֻҰ£һΪŮõ߲Ρ
Ʋ˵֮е楣ʵעΧһϡ
ܸܵЩߣһóȥǳĬִڣ޷ǿߡ
峤楲֪ܲܳɹ
Ҫ֪ŮϴΣԼΣֻܵõٹϿɣ
ȴ꣬ڵȴһںʥˣ֪ǲ楣

·ˣ峤Ϊֻ·ȴ
ȻȨߣʥأʮǿǰǺȨġ
ֻĬĬڰйעϷһС
ˣ
ʮǿ߸ϢδͷţֻͷżϡٵȻע
㿴ÿһӡǣÿһģһǿߣꡢǧ꣬ʥ֮УģûʥϣҲܵõһЩϿɣ
߶ʱһλ˵
楣ıʱӴۣǰҪһأΪŮõȨٶҾܳΪףΪ̻˻ִڣҪΪŮۡ
ƽ楣κˡ
ģż·֮󣬹ȻΪࡣ
ĽԪһжͷųںϹ֮С
оԼԵľʱգһټδ֪δȥʱա
Χ߿ĬĬ߶ʲôһЩԼ極Ժصš
楶ԣ·ʧоԼһȫʱգԽԽڰͨȥ̤֮С
ߡǿĬĬȴţҲͬʱһ
ʵЩ֮֮һǿ֮ںϡ
Ҿ
̫֮ޣ֮ʯףҲ̫ʯڲ֪ꡣ
·ĳ楸оԼԪʧֻʶϵؽڰ֮Уֲ
һ˿ȥܺ£һʶĸоζ
޷ӦԼĴڣǾ

ͻȻ楣Ȼһ
ԭ֪ΪΣһ޵ʶۣ˲ϢӦԼԪ
ΧȻһƬ嫡δ֪ڰʱ֮С
ﻹ𣿡
һ仰

֣̿
δ֪ʱ·ҪԶᡣ
壿˭֪Ǹޣ壬ַǳʵٴγ֡
ϻ۵Լ侲ǰ˭壬ھ壡
˵˵塭·楡
ΣΪԷأ楸¶ԷˣԼԶ޷δ֪ʱգص֮С
Ĵڣ˵˳
˭
Է֮ǰ峺һЩ
ᣬǸӡԸʵֱԷݡ
楲˿⣬壬ûǣŴ֮УӦһйء

㣬ҲûףԷ̫ǿˣĸоԷƬǿյס
֪˭
ӵ
楶ԣƺΧ޴ڡ
Ϊ̫һĵһġһڣ˵֣ӡ޷ǡ


2778 Ϊ̫һ
̫һ
ĵ
һһ
̿ˮȴԼǸŮӣΧ̫һǰкܶҪ㣡
ʰɣʱ䲻࣬ץʱ䣡޵̫һش
ǰһйϵɣǰȻ˻ᣬ楲ܷŹ
֪ʷϣδˣõܡ
죬ܳΪһˡ
ҵȷĪϵ˵˵Уǿײĵʥ
ʥǰʥ壬Զţ⽵ٶģȻʥأٵĵط֣һʥںϼҲǿʮλߴ߶ں棡
ʥںδ
ǰȥһ˵õ׼֣ʥأ
棿
̫һƺ˼֮С
漸ɱ޷ѹʥ֮Ԩ취ȥȡʥ
֮Ԩһͼʱգ򣿡
ǰ֪֮ԨһԨն񣬺ɵ˷ӡһרͽط
楣һҪõʥ֪𣿡
֪ƻĺܣʵʵ޷Ķʥ
ʲô磿
ողɵۣ
ɵۣ
ɵֳۣĬˡ
ѵ֪ɵǺεȾ粻ɣ
ᣬᡭ
Ժͷֱ̫ܿһȻ֪ɵ۾硣
̫һڴɣһңԶʱУܾδȥΪǰҲþһЩԵӦ㣡
𣿡
ͻȻһԤУλ̫һľһǱ߻ĴڣȻܷǰΪʦ
楣̫һʵǿӦܾǰһԶŻϹ
ܳΪ˵ӣδȻĵһˡ
˻ᣬ֮á
㵱ҵӣÿʣͬΪһǿΪӣ̫һԶ
лʦ
極
Ե֣ǲ
ʦܶøϻ
Ҫһʱ䣬ҪΪʦЩ壬Ҫ׼һЩ
ܰ쵽ģһ죡
ãǺˣúðΪʦҪȥ׼ȻĪ˹ΪʦĴڣ
ף
ǱһԽ֪Խá
ܿ죬楼סٶ̫һ
סΪʦδڼ䣬ܵõʥһҪɱûаգ͵ΪʦȻ̫һģ
Χڰ֮У·һжϢ
ϢҲٱ䣬ƺ֮ǰһΡ

һʵ¶ȣԼʶȻΧ
֮ǰĺڰҲټ޻硣
ʥأϤǰһʵ˿̱֮ǰͬ
һЩģӿڣͷŵϢȻǰࡣ
ֻԼģΧߣԼ·峤ȸ֣ȻĹâӿڡ
찡
Ȼɹˣ
ڴµһĻһŮںľ
һ̣̫٣

ǿǣۿʪ
ǿĪûһˣܵõ
һ޾󱦲أϧûһˣܿء
˳ɹˣ楣ζŴӴԺδͨϾɽ硣
ֹã
ںϢʧ󲿷֡
ˣ峤楴
ΪںϣδõʵԵ楿󣬷Լûʲôı䡣
ˣ
һ̣ڸ뿪ʥأ治ϣһ޵峤ԼΧӿ
楾㵿ЩȻĪǴ֮УΪص֮ΪͻȻܸӦ
Īǣ
һںϹԵʣôͨ˸Ӧ֮ѵ֮𣿡
֮࣬極ǻۣѾ뵽Ҫ֮
߲δ뿪棬;оͻȥˡ
뼸Χ棬һЩɭ֣һЩҲС
һ㳡ܿǧǿ߾ۼ
峤֮УϽܣλӽ쿪ʼ楱ʽŮ볤һеӣԼķ̳г֮񣡡

ǧʿǴΪͬʱȵˡ
峤ʽΪŮݣڶ೤ϼ֤£ܿɽ硢̳֪µŮڡ
峤˽ʷܷһЩżӿ
һڣݼ峤
û⣬һЩԵȣ峤΢Ц֮󣬵ȴԼʱŮӣһżԼ


2779 ͵Ұ
̫һʦ𡭡
֮˵˽ʷʵ֪һݣȻǰһҵ̫һһЩϢ
𽥷ؼǿԪ񸲸ǣʷǳԴԶ楿Զǿߡ
ֱʱ֮󣬿ؼ
ȴüܣһҲûй̫һļ¼ΪʲôԪûκһ֣Ϊ̫һ

ĪĬһ峤ʵ峤ʷ
峤δ룬ش󲿷ֶһСʧеǿЯżȥһȥأһЩͽһЩһЩʧ⣬Ӱ첻󣡡
޷ҵʦһκϢʧ̾Ϣһ
峤ʱϷһ£һ£楣ùʥںϣںϹģҲǹһܽĴں˳̶ȵĵӣܷ߱кη֣
˵ЩϾӵõһУ壡
楺ܴһ֪峤ǻл
ڹ֮УδõʲôͨԿ̺һ峤ӿһЩǰͨΪ󲿷ֹĵӵһ޷ͣ
գѳʱ䣬һЩϣΪϴ裬򵽵ĹģͬʱҲߵԤ㣡
л峤
楼æ
Ƕȥ
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˵岻ֻܸ̫ҪʦҪķ̳һʦҲɽϾκҲȲʦͽ
ڵϣ˾µˣĪ֮Ԩնɱʦҿʦֱȥץ棬ʥ
ܴʥ֮Уõ޷Ǳʣ˵ʥĪ
Ҫţ棬ʱ֤ҵǿ楲ҪʵҲҪΪŮۣʲô컯šǬš졢۽ҽ֮

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֣ҪӴϴǳԽɵ۵Ĵڣ񻨾౦Ҫ鵤ֶҩ
պöҩʱȱʮĹ١

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ʱΪǰ鷳ߣôЩľǷģͲܱǿ

ʥϹͻȻһǻĹҫԶһƬǿճ֡

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2780 ͷֶɽ
֮ȣ䣬޽Ҳ޷һ죬Խǳ
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˿һ̣뷨ࡣ
λҪɽ٣ýڲǻʥ棬Ҳ޷ƷҲһ֮ڣڻ
ΪΨһĻʥǿߣͷȥһ࣬ںϣһںϻٳȫûȫںϹͨһ̾Ƕɽٵʱ򣡡
á
ͷڻʥй飬ǱȲϺһĻʥǿָ㡣
ȥæͷͻƻʥ֮Ҿ̻ᡢɽ䡢ǵ𣬲ȥɽ硢ɽؽڣ
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ں󷽿֣͸оͷȥȻᱻַա
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ΪҲ٣ɵۡ
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ֲٿһֻ־飬ٿʼʥĹ֮УûּΪϴ衣
ʥĲʵǿں϶
ڰͷҪʱ̣Ϊ־ϴ裬ʥ塣
һѾǵ壬ʥӦʥ壬˴壬ʥת䡣


2781 ɱ
ʥ壡
޵ģ֪һΪʥ壬пʯλ־˵ģʸõǿ
ͷɹɵ۾뻯ʥӵлʥոµԼͨ
÷ӡһֻ־ɽԳʱںϣϾʥԺУҪƫ
۵ͨ¾ͨڻʥ֮Уľͨ
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ص֮ͥУã˲ϢͷŷΧǰγ
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ãȻȥ뵽һȥˣߣȻħ
ߵһʱ䣬ֽкá
ͥȥǺɽԼɻʥšڵټ

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죬ִϰٸڵ֮ȴš
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2782 նֳ
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ǵѪҲѪڱŷʶʱΪܣħͥаܱܿΧɽ緢ɽΪħ̣㲻֪ɣ֮ǰʮɽ磬ħ֣мѱħռ죡
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2783 ħ
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ʬ󷽣ֳɽ˳𣬽ϵѪмĵϣžડžણ񼸶Ѫõӵš
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ʥϹֺɱǡ
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ʥʬ壬ߡԡϹٶлʥϴ衢ǰ̫ˣ
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ϧħͷΧɱʮ˰ˡ


2784 ݴϣ
ڰʥϹ֡Ĵʥǿߣ֧ɱħ
·ԸԲɵʵÿˣʩչɵʵħǿߴɱķ
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2785 ݴ£
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2788 һڣϣ
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2789 һڣ£
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2790 ˲ɱһ
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2792 նϣϣ
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2794 Դ֮Ѫϣ
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ʥϹٶȲɵ÷ΪǰȻһƬɽħɷ
ħǿߣǸպɱпһ£Ȼͣ벻ħǿߡ
ʥϹּɵڲ˹˾ͼ֮ǰǸϹģ
ڰһȻʥʮɵħͷˣǿӣ
ಣ
ʥϹֻҲȥ
ɱ˹ӣߣ
ɱ⣡
ʱһħӰǰħ֮еɳ
һһǻʥħͷɵ׷ɱ
ߣٶȿɲǳصģҪ׷Ҳ÷ѵ㹦򣡡
ʥϹǰٴ󣬻ͷһ֮ĵԼײеЦ
ȻħǷлʥͷٶʥϹּ޷ռơ
ȥ漸ûжΣգʼвΪҪ˦Ҳס
棬ţ
ͻȻһԪӼΪңԶĵط
ǣԪ
Ԫ͸ŵģҲǸոյ֪ȵ£Ͼһڰʱڷʦ𾰴ʦ֣ٶʮϢͷ
𾰣
ȻİϴȥٵۣҲ𾰣˶ǵͥǿߣĵӡ
ϣѴʦܳ棬ҲΪ棬ûйԪڣһ֣ǿиԤ֮ìܣҲԳ֣ѵ
㲻õģҴδȥֹ󣡡
ԪΧ֮Уͥǿ󼸱Ĵڣǻвѣǣ͵жҷͥ󲿷ʿȥɽͨǻᵥرմͨͥԶⷽǳֻмٵǿߣܿԼʵǿգȥɽ
ô˵ᵽѴ
仰˵ġ
ݣҲźϵټ֮ոΪϧɵˣΪ顣
Щ֤ͥ
Σ
ⷽͥǰ뿪֮󣬸޷ԪᲢۣܵһʧȥһѣжⷽͥʿͨɽΨһ;
ոΪ飬ǿ̿ʼҾ͵ѣԹ󣿡͵
һʦ˵ģŰ㣬԰һ֮ʦɳʦֹֻҪʦ֣õģ֮ͥУʵܳʦֵģ٣㵱ģ󸽽㣡
󸽽ҸطӦЩѣԼӷӳȥЩߣ
һᵱԼ˶Դģ
ʱʧ
ɳʦֳ棬ʵڰҶɹѹء
ůϮ
֮ǰֻԡʥϹ֡ߡЩˣħǿ󣬱
ȻʱܵõްԵİףһ̿ʼͥжвʧ
ˣ
һϢȻǰϮ
ڰʥϹ֡Ҳˡ
һҲ΢΢ġ
ಣ
һӰ֣һˣǰշ·Ծ֪Ǻεȴͨ
ȻоκϢڰźˡ
Է棬Ϣֻܿһӡ
棬ｻңȥɣʦûϵ㣡ڰն˵
лʦ֣
ûпſʥϹǺӲ
Զħսûϣһβ˰ɣ
һɨȥӰӡ
֮ӡϾȻһаϢ
ڱ
гһѪɫꪣ͸Źϵķâ
ಣ
ʮħǿ׷ɱ
һʥħͷײлһȡ
𾰿ʼ˶Щߣɱ˲ħͷǰɽҲһħһѪصĶħ彻棬ƾǼҲ
Ѫأ
شˣ
㾿˭
ԭĮ𾰵ħͷͻȻٶȡ
Щħͷ飬֪˭ˣ
ݣ
ͻأץסꪣһ
ꪴŹâɱһ೤Ĵɱһ߶ħɷħĻʥħͷ
¡
ֻһ˵Ĵӣͨϣʮħͷһ˲仯Ϊ촷ۣͬڵĴأȻҲһ׵Ĵӣǧס
Ǻεȵʵ
ɱʮʥԼʮɵΪħͷ


2797 ͥ
ЩҲȥɣ
𾰺ȻŸԶħͷ׷ɱħ⣬Ǵյɱ
ֻǣûд߶ꪣӡ֮һɹ𣬻Ϊ޴һ׹ħͷ֮С
ǿ࣬һָȫһ㣡
һħӰͻȻԶʧ
ħ̥죬ħͷ𾰵Ķ֡
ǵħӰҲЩ֮мꪣ߿
ֲ˼£µӣɱħͷ
ǰʥδӹ
⣡
ԿʥϹ֡˲Ӧ𾰣һˣ·ħͷġ
𾰵ǿȻҪ
ǵͨĲࣿ
⣬ʥϹֽٶȷ
ʱӦ꣬ʥϹֿٸȥ
죬֮ңһԭʼֺ
һ޽С
⣬ɣԼߡԡϹԶ
ಣ
ʱһǱ߸ȥӭӡ
ʦܣ
޽Ҳˣͬ˲ᣬߣۿʪһ˵ŮڳҲ̲סʹޡ
ʦ֣ǰǷлˣӴ˼ڣ뿪ͥҲ÷֪ͨӸ²˳٣ԪڳϱɱʱǺ뿪ͥ
һ߾ð޽һ߶ټһķߡ
ʦܣ
ϲ񣬿Ÿ߿һϮ
ʥϹ˸շ֣뼸ͷ˳ִ˻صԼһָּӦߡ

޼賤Ħ졢硢򡢻ͨʿڰߴֹӭ档
ӡˣڵĵӣʱҲߺ
Ȼһ̿ʼ˾棬ڡ
˳ûϢ֮󣬾ͱ뿪ͥ
лʦ֣벻ʦʵħͷֻ輸У
ʱˣɹ񣬸мȫˡ
ǣһ־ħͷӢһô˴ĵ顣
ͨ죬淽ŶһЩ˽⡣
𾰸ߺܶ꣬Ϊʵͥλ۷ĴڣҲҲͥΧ֮ߣвͥ
ȥͥԨԼɽЩߴأ𾰾ȥ
˽⵽Щֻ𺳡
ⲻĽʵȥټ硣
ã֪ٵʵҲǻʥʵɲ⡣
˿ɼһ಻̵ܽôǿߡ
ʱζл󣬽׼һºʱ䣬ķߣܾۼڴˣʱ÷ˣϢԴ뿪ͥ
뿪ãͥڲڶ˲һͥ㣬ȥ½أµĻǹԪڣǱҪǿɽҲΪ顣
߹
󲿷ָ߽λɵۣͳͳΪڻս
һķߣԽԽѾۼˡ
һ죬߼Ϊʧ䣬ʮ档
ʮ˶ӵƼѪˣƼұһٶˣֻʣһɻš
ƳɽһЩϱڷȡ
ҺϢ뿪֮ͥ󣬵ǿһħ塢ͥЩˣ
氲οˣѪ֮飬ǳκδڵ
棡
ã޽ɴˣ
졢֮
ԭȣ֮ǰţһǰǰţһǰ·š
쿴棬Ҳ̲ס̾ϢܻţһǲڵȸӦǻǵһʱȥ
ͥħ塭
ͬμӹ·֮ķâǵһΣܵ˳Ĵ
ԺҵȻģʱٽȣЩֻѪծ
ֻǧ˻ţҲ絶
һº
ڼֵٷ߹ܹպùǧ
棬ǴӴ˼ڣ׷㣡
һ죬з졢֮ߡ޽ɴ£棬Ҳڵʽ
Щ֮УûһߣΪЩǰǣƳɽսΪӶƬ档
ûж˵ʲôΨгĬܼÿ˸;
λҵȲܴ󷽷ͨĴ뿪Ƚҵķռ䣬ˡУ
ڳ˵֮߶
һ𺳵ķ֣תۣǷ·ֻһһޱ߼ʵĿռ䡣
ǿң·ǳ۶ɡ
ǿʥϹ֡߽棬ҲǾþ޷


2798 Զ
ģһʩչ컯ֳϵ˵Ļʥӣ
ڣڰ棬տˡ
ֺٴθıһո¡İò


ڣûò빬ɡһ

ãٵ档
淢𾰲ڣʵʦأϴ飬һҪл
ٵ۱ȭʦȥز鿴ħǸħһִħټһЩǿߣıͥǶʡ֣ͥ⼸ǧ꣬ⷽͥػᱬħսɽɽ类ħռ죡
벻ħ塭ȻռһЩɽ磬ٶ̫˰ɡ
ĳĿ棬ʱ䲻ˣʱĵ˲ͥһЩǹԪڣĵħ壬ҼʵҵӶԶ㣬ԤУδͥҪƿأ
ǰأһ뾡취ǿҵĵħ壬Ȼ컯šǬš½̣Ҳȥָ˵ǰɵ˺֪ܿҵϢһѵģ
ģҪˣҾ͸Ǳǣͥ㣬ˣȥصϢ컯šǬţκأ
ݵ˵
ȷΪһɽһŰ취ԸֵһЩ⡣

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̤봫
ֱ˭Ҳ֪һλʲôʱ
ƶϣЩй켣꣬ɵ۷ʵٸ̤꣬뻯ʥ
ʴˣóһʱ䣬꣬꣬һٴλصͥʱɲɵۣɲͥЩǿߣΪѵĴڡ

ڣ
Ƕ˵˰ɣ
ʲô£
Ȼǻǡǡɽ¼оһǰȸϢ
Ȼ˵ˣû뵽ǧ棬ֻˣһͱȵԵԪڵҲɱҲɱͥ¼ˣлʥͷĴڣ
ʱˣʥɽ紫͡
˾ۼһ죬ݽйء
˲֪۵ˣн
̻˵֮и֣ۼɱ˹Ԫڵĳϣʲô˵
ϣ
һߣӦǸ߽λɵۣһ˵ŲµλԶԶһﵽʥĳϣⷽͥҲ޵еĴڣ
ֳϣҲɱ
˰ɾ磬նɱɻʣɵ۾磬նɱĻʥͷ
ϧ˱ɣ֮Ԩӳ̷꣬ɵһɳǿ߹ͥ
ϧһţôҲͥ
Ƿߣ·ֻҪ治Ǳٳ֣һͥٴ𵴣
ţ
һµ𺳵ͷûһɡ
ЩĬĬɵۡ
ûкڰϴ裬ȴܵõֳϲĻʥУһܿٻָʵ
ؼģҪռʥͷ
ΪΣ
ڣ֮ǰƻֻ޼賤ˣ˭֪ǧˡ
ǧҪǿҪԴ
Դõģʥǿľͷʬ徫Ҳǧá
֮ǰǮˣʱֻˡ
ʮĴУܲһֱԼ취õԴ
ôﵽʥɽ磬ɽ紫Ͷȥ
ȴͨɽ磬һϤϢ͵ĳ֡
Ԫڡ
߳󣬱ٹԪڵӣһʥϴµȴͣҪȥȻͥ
кüʥǿߣ
ȥȻΪ֮ͥǿһڣҲһʧԪǿߡ
⼸˲ǵһдԪڵӣ½½ͨɱͥ
ôͨһֻܴˣԪڸ֣ɱ֮ͥС
ֻŪˣҪҵ棬ϧûһܷݡ
ȴͨȥ´ɽ磬һԪڵӣҲǼˣҲмʥǿߴ졣
ٴδɽ磬Ȼһ֡
һǶɽ磬˶ɽȥɽ硣

֪ʮ꣬ɽ磬ɽȥɽ֮С
ǹԪһ֣
Ϊ⼸ʮ꣬ԪǰǰȥͶ̥Ƶģȥ˺üӣ£
Ƕ֪
˵˵
ǰȥɽ£һЩ˵Ԫڵϣͥɱˣ
ϣǿǹԪڸ߲㣬ϧ˺⣬һССͥ
֪ɱϵ˭


2799 Ů˵ֱ
˭
˵Ƕţɱϵǧǰ棡
ɣǱ֮ԨꣿŹȥǧ꣬˵֮Ԩ
Ҳģ˶ڴ˵ӳ֮ԨͥҳᴫɽǷ
ģڱǶۼ֤۴ءΪˣӳ֮Ԩ
ȷţ˵Ϊϵ飬ӳ֮ԨҸطԶ֪ҹȻԪڳϸɱˣ
֮ģ治ɱϣԪĹһڣȥһȡߣ

벻ΧۼһΧɽʿ۹Ԫͥ
ȻҪ̸۵Ķ󣬻档
ˣ
ãһЩ˽봫
εˣоϤϢһӣһǻ˼˼
һΪȻͥðգû뵽ˡ
󷨣˼˼벻̫ӽռ䡣
½˲٣ɫɫ벻˼˼ע⵽ˣʶ⾹ϡ
ˣ
Ҳע⵽
ֻһۣӦ
λѣ
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˼˼һ£ס
һɽ磬ģǵʱȥԪɽ磬֪ˣ
·ոսЩŸո£ӳ֮ԨȻǵɽ磬һţ
ֿˣŵ·棬ɱ˲ţǬţƵȲ˶ãЩյϢҲⷽƫԶ򣡡

һЩ˻ͥԪЩš
Ϳɽ磡
棿
ߣӹעĻ˼˼ڰдǹ
澭סһ٣Ǹ˼˼𰸡
˫һԲ
ӣôϳµģڣòҲգ滹ǿӦһ䡣
˼˼Ȼɽڻ棬Ҳܿüɫı飺ղһЩ̫϶ֳˡ˵Ů˵ֱ𣿡
ֲŮˡ
ֱ̫ѽ͡
˼˼ŵģһֱ뵱ͣϢй¶ģʱͬ˲٣߲ع̫ɽ磬һģȥɽ˵ɱϢ²ǹԪҪɱ㣬ǬҲɳǿɱ㡭
лӹģ㿴֮ǰԪڸ棬ҲûϳңǬŸˣһ޷ϳңֻҪʱݣɽ֮󣬱֮أ
Ҫȥ̫ɽɢɢģ
̫ɽ磿
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òֶκܸǿߣǻʲôҸһ˼Ȼģܾ˼˼Ĳ
ϵͷУ¾ȥ̫ɽ磡
̫ɽ磬ɽ֮Уɽ硢컯ɽ硢ǬŶϵɽ֮һȥȻкܴջ
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ҪԪɽ磬֮ǰҪҪǿգɺ˻˼˼ͬУһֻΪ£ͬʦãֻѣ֮˭ҲὫעϡ
˼˼˵Ŀ⣬һŮܵӰĽ
˼˼ݵġơ

󣬼ﵽԪڡ
һ·˼˼ԻʱȻֻǼ仰֮γĬ
ٿ
ټɽ·ײһͣű󷨺¡
ԪϢϮŻ˼˼ͷ߳󣬱㿴Ԫǿߡ
Ҫл˼˼Ϊڵȴʱպ÷һԪڵӣҪȥɽ磬ȻĿĵͥ
˺ǿ󡭡
ΪǹԪĺĳϣΪ̤뻯ʥ۷壬ǳԽʥĴڣ
ִ֮еȻҲΪǸ˵Զȥͥ
Ǵϳ͸ո֤ȷɱ˹Ԫڵĳϣ
޳ɡ

ΧһЩȴˣϣٵӽ봫ſʼۡ
λΪ̫ޣһӦܿڳκˡ
֮Ըм˼˼ϲ˼˼ϢδӦͨˡ
գ
ûл˼˼ͬУλϣɿܣ¶
ԪΪɱ㣬οرҹǬŶԸ㣬Ҳɳǰδеǿ߽ͥ
һ̣˼˼ɫȻƺıǳϲݡ
̤봫󣬼򳤴ɽ紩ȥ
ɵۣʵɵ۷壬ʥ̫ԶһַʽҶʱ䣬̤뻯ʥںϷʥҲҵģϦ֮䣬ұӵлʥʵ
֮У뾡ӣһ취ʱ䣬Ϊʥǿߡ


2800 
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ɣԺһڰںϵĻ档
Ӳ򲻵ѣǧںϣһںϣĨɱ߷Ҳܼ࣬޵ø߻ʥΪĿǰһÿԼûѡһ죬ںϷʱҲǿ࣡
ںϷɱﵣ
ӵмǱһ˫֣һһ鷳ںϷкôҲмı׶ˡ

ɽ磡
ǿ֮дͨʱǳĻһԾټĳɽ硣
ʱɽ⣬һʹһͭߣȴŴ͡
߽ͱһڹŽ纮˫ͫ˷½Щɱ֣Ӧûδ׷ɽ磬ҵٶȣȥͥ
߽͵ȴΧһһԶЦҲŹ
ǹԪô£
ֵܣҲ֪ŹԪɳüϣԼһȥͥ
ĪǴ֮Ǵɽأо֣
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𣿡
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˭
Ǵǧǰ·Ϊɫţ󱻴֮Ԩ棡
棿

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Ǻܶ˿۷ȥΪֱ֮Ԩӳ
ءˣָܻģ
ҲģǲģÿԪڼλѵģ

Щۡ
Ԫڼ֣ĬǵȴһֻʶĬ
ѵ֣
߽ͲһͿ챬ơ
˫գȥҹԪʸ
ԣһ֣Ҹոյõ½֪ͨ˵ӳ֮ԨھЩȻֻ֣ˣȥǷâɣ
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䣡
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ɣ߽͵עӡ
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˭
ŮǸոմӹԪڣɽ桢˼˼
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࣡
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Ҳ·ȥˣڻؼҼˣӯ
Цδ֣꣬ͥҪȥ㣬û뵽ͻɵˣϲ
ʱļ޷ƽϲã͵򣺡㶼ܴ֮Ԩӳһͻɵ˵Ԫڻʥ϶նɱһɵۣҲԶԶ˦󣡡
ڳɽ紫ȻǻģȻͥң
ϣʱʦո뿪컯ɽ磬ҵһȺ׷ɱ½̵ǿߣʦˣһյˣ½һֱ׷ɱɱʥɽ磬ҪʦϾɱ
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ʱһ֪𰸵⣬ѿڶ
ʦû£ֻǱ½̸ˣȻ͡ʦѻָǱҪʥɽ磬֪½ʥɽ߾ɱֻܵأû뵽֪ͨң˵ˣʦ㣡ҵ̾
Ҳ͸ź⡢ɱ⣬Ȼ½̡
ʦҵ㣬ȻǱɽ㣬û뵽Ȼڳɽˣ
ǳ´ںδ
Ȼʥɽ磬ɽȥΧɽ磬ʥɽҲУʦ֪Ҫȥɽɽ磬֮ǰȥȥɽ磬֪ͨʦ
û¾ͺãǾȥɽ磬ɽ磬ʱɽѡһ
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֣ҶҲ֪ˣ֪ȻҪȥģȻ½һ·׷ɱǣȥԸţǾ͹ֲң
ģܴ֮Ԩӳ޷㣬Ϊѣ֧㣡
̹˵


2801 ɱȥ
ұҪȥ̫ɽ磬Ҳƻ˳ȥʥɽǣòˣҵþȥɽ磡
వнš
һ̣ȻԻ˼˼˵¶֮⣺ӣҲȥ̫ɽ磬õһʱȥɽ磬ҾڳɽݱɣŲ֮һĻᣡ
ԭ̫һŮʱע⵽˼˼Ĵڡ
ȻҪ£ұ㲻㣬ȥɽ粻̫ңԶأ
˼˼˵ϵǸ⡣
գ˫ڼĿͻ˼˼һͶȥȥһɽ确ɽ硣
ɽλɽԵͿͬʱΧüɽ磬ʥɽһ
ɽ硢ɽ磡
Ҫȥɽ磬Ĵɽ磬Ǵӳɽȥɽ磬ȥɽ硣
ɽҲǵһɽ磬ɽΪƾãӳɽ紫ͲҪķʮʱ⡣
ִ֮ȡһŵ鵤͸ںϡ
Իʥͷ࣬ǰֲʥٶȣ޷ݵİ
ӵĵһʥǿߣԼڣΪϴ衣

ʮ
ɽ磡
Ͷ̤ŵһоϢɽ硢ɽһϡ
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Ҳգ½裬ˣӰͲ½ָ̱Ͼɱ

·ˣϽ


2802 ½
˭ǽ澪Ϊˣ
УԿ½̣ȴҲûУֻĬĬ֧ɱȥ
ʥͷ
ɫȻ֪뷨ֻлɱȥ
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ɵ۾磬ղܲ㽫½̵Ļʥϣɱˣ
ҵû
ɽ磬²μӹ·ĶţҲûˣӵͣ
Ҳǰ½̣׵ˣ

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ɽ籾ˣҲ޷ӳȥˣȻǳԽɵ۵Ĵڡ
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첲ѪһɱһһȺɵɱ
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Զǿ߲٣ʥϹ߽֡ԸӦǷƾ

գǰһٶɵۣ½껡ͷһ׷ֵߡ
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²ɽһ˾ͷȻɽ磡

뼸ͷ̾ѡ
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潫˽ܸ½껵ʶλ׷ߣš桯һλϣҲΪܴ࣬µľͷ
ʵԴϳйţΪλߣ·濪죬йһ֮Եֻǳ治֪ͨ˵Ĵڰˡ
ӵżˣ
Ȼ˵žļңܴӷõƺ«ĻԵҲŵԵϣӴܽﵱɼҶԴ½Ըڣӣ־ǵóѣ
ʱԷθڱȭ񣺡Ϸģƺ«½껡ĹϵҲҵļңһӵеѪѿ޷İ֤Ժ˭ŵĵˣҲĵˣ
˻һΧһŵӣ޲¶ϲ֮ɫ
һɽƣ˽һ˽⡣
ϹŴĹţΪԻ͵ʱڣ컯šǬš̫ҵšŵȵȴһĴڡ
ϧһδζħսЩսϴû䣬ʮƺ«ֻʣһ


2803 Ϊϴɵۣϣ
ӵƺ«λ۷壬񲻵«ֻʣһŵֻʮˣɵ۲̫࣬ʥͷ٣ƲӣԳһᣬܼ̳δĵӡ
Ψһܼ̳ŴͳջԻ͵ĵӣֻ½
֮䣬ԻõſأΪС͵õѪѿעϹţ٣޷͵ĻԵ
ҲɽĴУǳԻصԭ
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½˻ż˴Խɽ룬Լɵٶɽ縹
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ཫ½ͥ¡
ԭˣû뵽Ŷ̶̶꣬־ô¡֪ͥ½Ҳա


2804 Ϊϴɵۣ£
λҴӴ˾ֻǧʱ䣬Ϊǧ֮Ҫ½̶֣һ½̣Ҫɽ罨ڣ
˿̣һͳڽĵÿ䡣
һ֣Ҵķߣ𾪡
½˭Ȼס
˼죬ÿ˲ŽԼĵ
ص㣬Ϊ桢ࡢߡ½껡дߡ
񼫲賤Ħ졢硢򡢻ͨʿڰӡˣ֮ǰͨϴ裬̤ɵۣͨԼŬҲ̤ɵۡ
ʵȻͻƾˣڻʥ½ǰϡ
Ȼķߣֻǧˣǧֻмɵۣһʱ䣬Ҫ뾡취Լʥʬ徫Ϊһǧߣɵ۾磡
ӴԪΪӦϢԼǴ״̬
ȸ𣬻ķ߷ͼǿҪҹԪڣԼͥЩ

ڣ
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Ѫѿ񻨣ϹΪٶȣ׷ҵԭ򡭡
οЦݣעĴࡢ޼賤״̬ʵڴ
ڽӭһͻƸ߷塣
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ţԿֲٶȣϴߡ

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ߣ
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һ߰ǿ߹¡
Ǿŷߣɽǿߡ


2805 ޼Ķϣ
ŷ֮£һָֽӡ

ž˶һâᣬΪǹֵ󷨣һӰ˲ɳ
Ϊ泤ϣ˾սˣ֮ԨһЩǿߡ
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ŷ߱ȭϵԳҲδץס棿Īͷ۲ɣ
֮Ԩ˱飬Ҳδҵ棬ֻϱȻ֮ԨĳطңϼѰ棬ŷ֣鷳ˣ꣬뿪عɽ磡
л֣
ͷɾŷߴǿߣһ뿪

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һʥǬڣһ֮Уƺ«һʮߣ«
һˣ޼񣬵ǬմȨߵĶӣһ仰κ˽
棬һֻϰˣȻƺ«ںϳ̶ȣҵĸ״ˣ
޼˶Ҷ࿴һۣŵ˫ȷ޼ɱ⣬ǨŭԼ
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²ͬЦҲûбҪ빫˵ЦвٵӣԱɱɳˣڼϡǿߴ£½ͥɱ棡
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նȷҹԪ¶ܱ֤
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ΪΪȻ챻׷ϣǧ꣬һɻʣһգ۰ˣǧ굯ָɻʾȻ̤λߡ
Ҳ֪Ϊ˴ı仯ʵʵ֪ӣͬʱҹԪһҪնɱ棡ߵ˵
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ɫ˲䣬޼ʱȻһλֱʥߣȻȵ


2806 ޼Ķ£
ȻҪȥҹԪͥǿߣ߾ϲıȭ
֪䣿
أþػ׷ɱҲ֪ǿߴ֮£ϹûκˡҪҵ棬ǧ꣬ϣ
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ŻԽһ޼񷴶Խ˵Խ

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ϧô֮ԨΪ˵³ۡ޼ǲŹģ֮£ֻ楿Եõʥ￴ء


2807 ɵۣϣ
Ϊǰ޹˺ߵĴ٣ߣſʼΪϴ裬Ҳ̤һɵ۾磬ȥҲᳬԽۣҲᳬԽ޼񣬾ҵ룬ԽԽ
ԭҵĶ֣ϧ
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ͻȻ۵ֱˣҲô㣬иϢø㣬ɲҪӰУ
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״˷ģնɱ֮󣬾ͻںƺ«ȻŸɱɽ磬ںﱾԴδΪɽǿߣһɽ磬븸׳Ϊɽǿߣ
Ϊ͵ΪϽ죡
ǬЦϻĿ֮У͸Ŷ޼Ĺػһȸ

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ͻƣ


2808 ɵۣ£
֮ͿʼȫѪϤˣûˡ
̤ɵۣҲʦָĲԴҲллʮۣ
ʹ֮УȴЦݡ
Ѫ治ɫʵɱ䡣
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һһ磬ɵ۾磬ȻʵԽɵ۷壬Ȼʥ
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Ӧˣǽչϲˡ
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һĨڨڨЦ·ˣڿʼĥ
ص֮УͿʼֹԼͨ뽫ͨɵۡ
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컯Դں಻Ҫֻ̫ؾһķҲںС
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ӡɽ¡׷̫֮ۡʯںֶһ֣ǰףȻž硢ʵҲЩ챦
֮רע֮


2809 ۱Ԫۣϣ
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;ǴɽŵǿߣƷ˷£ϧǻδ꣬㱻һֲУһȺȹ衣
ֻҪһ֣ҫһʥͷҲ޷
Сүˣ
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ɶһ٣ٶ˸ҹȻ½ΪУ׷֪ͨ໯ʥǿ߾ۼڴˣȻŹ
һ½ߺȻ֡
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֮УͨںϷ棬ͻȻ˷˫ۣ뿪¡
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۱СӣǰǴæףΪ飬ɵˣߣȥӭСӣ
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֮⣬Ⱥɽ֮ۡ
ͻأһϢסĿ⡣
ϢƺǼϷ뱦ںһ㣬ʵȻҲǻʥղɵۣΪͻȻһԾΪʥĴڣ
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ͻͻϮǰȻһ΢΢ֵĻ꣬
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˲֮У硢½硢硢ƴ硭
ʱǧٴۣʵΪб仯־ǧ꣬·δı䡣
Сû뵽ǵ̫۵Ķӡ֮Уñط꣬˲١
˸̾һ㣬ǻ۱ݡ
Ȼǵɽ֮һ̫ɽǿߣ̫۵Ķӣֲõ컯ɱˣ컯Ҳκβ
۱ЦǺǲһ£ݣأҵֻҪңȻҾȥ棬磬ҲΪϵƢ


2810 ۱Ԫۣ£
̫ۣ
ǿվڵ֮У۷ĴڣǬҲ̫۵Ķ֡
Դ֮ԨҾȥˣȻϵҲõģȴһɱ֮Ԩص̫ɽרǧ꣬ΪһԾΪʥᦣʵԻɱͨʥһٱ䡢ٱĻʥ
һǼ֮Уʵɱǿһ
˭ϵ


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֮۱ҼУص£ں̫۵ĵǣںһֻ࣬Ҫ̤뻯ʥܳͷ
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ڽӣ
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½̼ߣʮɽۼһãŽ֮¡
½ҪţΪ򵥣žҪⷽɽʧ

ͬʱʹٴ½̸ǿԴ̲Ӵ߳ˡ
ͬʱһ˴ƣ֣ΧǿΪ
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½̣˵½̣緢ìܣ׷ɱߣҪԸš
֮Уһλ½ʿ͵һ飬·һɱо䣬˺
Ǵ֮Ԩ桢ʥϹֵӳԪ
ۣ
ǧǿѹ
Ȼ
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˭֪أ½ɽ̣ǿ½Ϊֻһ³ȡ

·ɽ˷ǿߣֻǴͶˣ϶Ǹ½ʿڻʥ֮¡

Ȼһɽ·ɽӶ֡
ʥɱ֮ʣ½ʿѱû·һȻէ֣ȴײɻʥ顣
֮УԼԼƯһϵĽ

һϹŷǵǰǸĻϵ꣬ҲͷһɼΪϵķ
ʿֻһɵۣȻܡ

ٿ
˲Ϣǵⱬ֮ʣͻȻһӡѹס
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ಣ
⡢ʥȻԶ
½̡˷Ļʥɵ۷ߣŭ׷ȥ߶ƿҪֹԪɱ
Ȼǰ֮±飬ǽԼγɵĳЩ׷ɱȥĻʥͷǣ಻ԣΪӦš
ǻһУƿشﻹк½޵Ӱӣ

ţ
Ԫ
½棬߶ͨһʥϹ֡Ҳӭӡ
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ͮأĪǲͮȻ
Ҷˣ潫Ԫܸʶ
Ȳѯͮ䣬ΪԪˣͮأ
ԪůɼоǼˣ磬˵Ȼӣʵһ֣һ֣ȥ˲֪ҵˣǷѩһӣغ쳣
˵Ȼغкιأ
غ쳣
δ֪ˡ
ѩɽһѩ˶֪һӣ޼һʱֵš
غ쳡


2811 
˵ɣ磬Ȼغ쳣ķˣʵҿʼҲֱ֪ȥѩɽȻûˣķϵ˾غ쳣֪˵Ȼغ쳣
ԭˡ
Ȼдѣݣȴദ
ԪӾټ£ɹѩɹǿ£ʦùϵ
빬£
Ծ֮־ú
ͮʱ̫ŻͳԽ󲿷ˣܱȻ֮С
磬͸֪Ʋ߻ʥʬ壬Ԫץ
ãĺãʥʬ壬ߣҿлʥÿٴʵ
ʥʬǺö
üһһʱ䲻СӾȻնɱʥĴڣҲˣ
ԶĿʥϹ֣Ϊ˵
ǰﻰǴ߶ܳ䲻⣬ɱʥͷǰִڣҲΪ
ԪԱȭ
˵ǴʵȻҪɱʥϹ֣׾٣ϧһɵ޷߶
Ҫһ㣬ʥϹٶȾˡ
֮ͣ㣬ٴδ߶Ѫɫ󣬽߻ʥͷʬ建飬ȡ
磬ȻӣҪΪǧΪǽ뱱
Ƴһ̺ʥѪָһɡ
ԪһţȫʵõЧˡ
֪뷨߶
ܰǧУԪĻԣʯ쾪
һֱڹ¾ܶΪʵ
ʱԪܰоͲᱻ
Ԫţʮ㣺ıǣڲޣӵϴ֮ڲдϹŵҩԴǧΪϴ裬ڻ£ںϣŽЩ졢ɵۣ⣡
ûоܾԪ߶Χںϡ
һ£˿ʥϹ֡ߡ۱Ĵʥǿߣ˽Խ뱱
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ĴҲ뱱
ϴҵĻʥѪ°빦ܽǧˣһͬ졢ɵΪʵȵͨһ
浭һЦűΪһɴСڽ֮УЦԽá
Ԫһ֮ڰͷŻʥ˵ͷԪϡ
֮Уʵǿߣǻ۱񣬹ƻǺڰʵס
ˣڿɿҼУɻʥȡʵɵ۷壬ˣǧ֮󣬳ʥ
ʱ£żʥǿڱ
״̬ɽˮſգɻʥѪں̫۵ǡ
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ڷ
ȻҲӵӡٶȱ棬ȻҪЩҲһ̬
ӡϹʥˣķȻ֪ʵԣӹɵġ
ۣ

ȻڷԪƿ£ͷڲǧϴ衢Ϊ
Ҳʱ䣬ʵ
ȻǴڳ˯״̬µ棬ͻȻоʲôҪ˺ѡѪ
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̫εһѵȫõ̫ĴУ
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滺Ӧ࣬ҲǵزصıԴ
֮УԽԽǾš
ѪɫȻǰִʮÿһ̶СѪڲһٶȺˡ
仯̫ˣ
ζţڵѪȻһЩѪһ
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ԽǿҲԽٶ
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ʣµĵǣۣ
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ǿ׷ۣ֮ҪֻۣԼ߲׺úںϣȡ߶׷ۣܼ֮Ϊɣ
鿴öɲΪɱ䣬ѪոΪˣѪѪѪˡ


2812 
ʱ
ɵ۷壬Ҫͻư죬ϧʥͷָˣãһЩʥͷҾͻưɵۡ
ٴʵﵽƿҪʱͻƣǲܵģٻҪ꣡
ʦ֡ϡ߽̤ٱ仯ʥڳٱ䡭
鿴Χÿʵ̫ࡣ
ʥʬ塭ˣܵ½ɱţΪǿնɱ½ǿߣΪʵ
лķ
ˣͻȻһɹɽâ
޼ߡ½껡ࡢϹݡĴǧˣ˲ټա
𺳣
ʥϹ֡ߡ۱˵һоˣǧ˾Ȼڱ֮Ϊݣ֮У󲿷Ϊɵۣ֮һɵۡ
޼ˣ֮ǰǶɵۣڱ֮Ϊ̤ɵۡ
Ϲݡ֮޽ɡߡ½껡඼ɵۣ˻̤ɵۡ
죬Ǹ߽λɵۣ֮ǰ죬ɵۣҪʥ
ɽԶŷΨ̾Ϣο
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ڰɣΪ߽λɵ۵޼ͻȻ¡
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ǣΪ˵ʲô˺޶

ţ
ϣΪŵĴϣɽһǰ΢ЦſϷһˡ
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ĿʥϹ֡ϣڰԼ۱ԪΪ̾
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ٴ࿴ǻ۱ƺЩͷܴϢ
̫ɽ磡
رǷŮϣ
ԵְѪѿΨһģ

ڳֱϹϢ𺳣ΪϢ֮һŲࡣΪϹں˴ѪѿȻԶֲϵ
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ʾ˰Ծ㿴һˣأһۼӳ֣˫ֻΧֲϼ⣬Ȼ˵ķ˿Ƥ֮һ͸䣡

䵭£һ˹Ц桢۱ˣɣžǵļң
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ʱҲ֣ǹغ֮ʣòأǬŶεѱڣҪŽΨһһƺ«ΪǬжźЦ˵
֪ƣ򶨣Ǵͷ˾š
䲻ŭΡȻһЦʵǬҪʲô֪Լ˾ǱǬɽ磬ⷽɽΪڶǬɽ磬Ҫſ½̴ɱǬڱٿأ
ƱطףȳϣͬӦ
һ̣ٴ䣬ˣԸ½£˾У
ͻȻ糤ĸ첲ٿˣ֪ǧˣ졢ΪǿΧУҪ½Ǻѵģ˲ǻʥǳԽʥĴڣ
Խʥľͷ
ڳˣ޲¶֮ɫʥѾɽľͷԽʥĴڣǾǴ֮УϹʥ˵ĴڡҲһ
˵ȴҪ˵ʲôеĺܡһ˫˫Ŀ££֣½̹Ҳڼʱ䣬Ŷ֣޷ѡֱֻǰҷߵĵģ¶ԷгԽʥĴڣ֮ܣҲܶԸ±ϣÿ˶ûѡ񣡡
棬䲻½ֻ̣Ǳһ˼ֻãһ֣ͳһս𣬲½̻ţǺ·Ļ֮ս


2813 
ֻڴͻȻףǾñĸЩɣᱲʿкξ壿
ǿɲͨʿǷߣ
ߡҲվ
䣬Ǿһս
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̾ϢҶƮȥ
⻹һ
սʽ΢濴ģض˵û·ѡ
ˣֻϤϤʺ


2814 ӡɱ
ȻϹݣϹ٣㻹ǲǵңȻᣬϣ㲻Ҫų⣬һ˵ҵһ컯
ģ˻ҶҪץסģס
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˽Ȫ˲䣬Һʹһɶϯȫ˽̲סɫƤ
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ͬΧټؾռҲԴԴںء
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̶ɵϹݣѩ׻ƤܿÿһѪɫֱںϡ
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ͬʱ򣬴Ѫ֮Уս״Ԫ
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⡢أȻһɽľڣ
ɣԺúץסλᣬںϴԭҺ͵ӵⷽɽıԴδ޷İ

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ͬʱһԭҺżΪƵƾҫ۹⻷նȽȽͷš
Ѫѿٴ۽硣
֮ǰʯںϣ֪ϹһΣõ˭֪˼ʣڴѪѿҲڷͷںϡ
رԴԼеϹⷽ棬ƱҲ١
ĽԽɡ
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Ѫ⧲ϹըѪĽÿһԲͬ죬񻨡֯ΪһִδѤҿʼ羮Ϲڡ
ĿϹͻƣŨȻԴϹͻ֮󣬾ջˣ


2815 ɵۣϣ
ͻƳʱͽˣϹ̤ɵۣͻ֮񻨡ԭҺںϡ
ӲҪͻһ磬пͻƵڶ
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ʱѣҪ˺÷顣
ֲӼͷžը죬ȫѪо޵ɺѪˮƤһ飬һҿ
ԽңѪðѪĭ׷֮ͫҲ·Ҫ飬׷֮ۡ
׷֮۲ʲô̺ͨͨϹű۾ģֻ۾ȥ壬ʱ䳤£Ϊһ鱦
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̤ɵۣ뻯ʥֻһ֮ң
תöɲоؾеԱʱմ󲿷֡
Ųأ±ԶŲֵһᣬҲǷǳ˵ĴڣȻɵ۾ˣڱȻĳص
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ȻþһֶΣɴԭҺϣϴ衢ѪȫҪܱÿˣڣȥ컯ţС
ûʲôҲˣ
ڷ֮У򵽵ģɱˣ˲ˣʲô


2816 ɵۣ£
컯Ϊɵˣʲô֮ԨɷɭϣʵҲֻԴ󲿷ûʵ˰ˣκιǰʲôǡ
飬ʮҲˣͻˣӰ̤ɵۡ
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սƷʣҲ뱱ʮһĴڡ
սںףһԴ߶Ͼߴķʱǲʩչġ


2817 ׷֮۵
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߶֮󣬸оȫȻʶӿ׷֮ۡ
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ˣ
״̬£̫عģͷ̫ʯȻҲͷһЩرϢڡ


2818 Ž
˵ҵʵܵõ̫ʯκΣҸҪ뾡취̤뻯ʥֻ̤뻯ʥҲǬš컯ſ⣡
һµĹģ̫Ī⣬ںһģҲҪʮʱɡ

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ԭˣ𾰴ʦ֣ʥĴڣܳߣ֮ȥߣҲΪУ
ɲǣ𺳲ѣҲ뵽һ
𾰣
Ĵӣ
½ҪţȻɳһʥΪǵ䣬̤ʥĴڣţȻҲʥЩͷɽ磬󲿷ֶȥУ
ʥ
½ʥʮϣǰţΪԻ͵ʱʥǧϣЦǣʥôˣ
ܻмʥѾ
ͨһ죬һƬµ硣
ʥ
Ҳ˽ŵʵ
ϸĹ֮ص󣬱Ԫ𱱶ǧ˾ۼڰ֮С
ʥϹ֡ߡԪ۱ԡࡢ½껡޼ˣۼǰΪġ
ÿΪɵۣͻɵۣҲ̤ɵۡ
޼Щոķߣ쵽ɵΪĦΪ̤ɵۣ޼ΪǿĴڡ
ⷽǧˣΪ̤ɵ۷壬ڳʥ޽ɡ֮ߵˣɵΪǧˣɵ۵ɵۡ
λνɽ½ǿߣɱ֮ҽؽڣɣ½ڳǰẒ̌սνĽʽ
һ£뼸ɵ۷ߣǧ½껵ŵӣնȥ
ʣµˣ桢ڰ۱ʥϹԸٶʧ֮⡣
ĴëëʮֻɿһȺҲñԼʥһӵ۷ɵʵ
СţСĴնɱһٱ仯ʥǿߡ
λ½ٿ˴ᣬ뵱ɽԲУ֣ҵܴ
浱պЦΧÿ¶ŨŨɱ⡣

Ẓ̌λɽ綫ӵǧɽ壬֮ңΧ޷
һ죬ɽẒ̌
ˣ
һΪͨʿһЩˣ󷽷Ž̴
ڣһ޼ʵĵ˸Ӧ֮Уֳ
Ȼٻʥǿߡ
ӵлʥʵ棬ں츳Ӧڶ̶ʱ䣬Ž̵
ɽϢ졣
һ죬ʮɽ˷ĴۼŽ̵ġĮ㳡


2819 
Įһɽ̶ɣΧɲ¶ʮ˹㳡½̾еĽʽĮ¾С
ĮŽ̵һŽ̵ʥء
Ⱥ£һͷۼںɫ֮£ԽԽ࣬ǻʥǿߡ
λ½̳ϣҹУҶδҹ糤ϣ
ֵ磬ۼǧɽ֮£̨֮ϣȺͻȻÿһ·ʮ½ǿ֣߳ͷһѰߡ
ҹУʥͷ
µĴڣ·棬Ҳֹ
½̲ǵһΰǲţҷɽһͳ

ķʮˣһʱۡ
Ÿͷ֣ŵ䣬Լ䣬һһڳҽܡ
Сǧ֣
ɽ˺֮Уʮ˱ûС
һ㣬Իʥ߶ӳ֣žǶʥǿߣҲ޷Ը
ڰű
˫ֺʮܸоŽӴۼλϡ
һ£˫ڿۣȻͷϣڻʥХŽǣͷҪ֮ͨˣѡһΪ
ŽҿͲѡˣ
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˸ȧֻ֮ӥǣĵĿ⣬γһưĿ
䡭
𺳿ˡ
䣬ɽ֮һš䣬ҲǵһʵȲ½̣ɽǿһ֡
ΧһﱧȭЦݽŨҵ˼Ȼ½Ϊҹ糤Ϊףȫţ
û
Žҹס
Χһ䡢ȻҲ֮ͣͰ֪ͨ
½ǵ׼һȲǬţҲѹŽ̡Щͨһ˭ǣ
ŽȻ½ţͽ½һͳɽ磬¸뷨ͬģ½̲ƴ֣źȻǳ档
Ž߳·ЩΧͷûжɼ˴һ£ӵ½Ϊ
һû˵˽½̵ҹдΪʱɱţҲһɻɽħһն
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½ǵҵû
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һڿն𣬴֮У۰ӷɣͥŲʮϿգǰһһ䡢
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ŵͷʲôҿŰ
νǸõģ½ΪСʲôû³һܲң

ڶ̧ͷһĨĺӰ̾Ϣ
ǰЩ䡢ͷҲˡڳ֣ʲôĿģͬıһν
½̤ɽһ𣬾עһУÿһֻ֪߹ˣɽ󲿷ͨˣ£ģڸ߲ƿأǸȨŪ
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˷·ںһĿ⣬ϮƵᡣ
Ż˵ûκͷţȴʮÿˣ²ܻش𣬼ȻǽˣѡζڳÿˣпܳΪΪξͷҪ½̣Īǲһˣ
ͣ
ʱ˵꣬䳰ɫ
ʱңָһȣ󵨣ҷˣͬ½ΪΪ£΢ᣬ㲻֪𣿡
΢᣿仰˼ţǵŴ˵ʲôǴЦǣһˣôһͷ˵˵𣿲ʲôܵģˣ˵ⷬζĻ


ֱ˵ɽ½Ϊһͷһ𣿡
һʮڵĮ㳡ûһˣûⷬ
ȻȻɽԼЦ½
ŭɫ̫ѿΪҹе½̸֣֮ڷգȻҪɱ档
浹ͷԾƶʽôңѡһˣΪʱÿ˶лȨѵͷֻԼǸ߸ϣʵһЩͨˣҪ֪ҲˣҲϣ½ҪΪҲԣǹȻɳ֣һս


2820 Ʋɢô
СӽרҲģ
Ȼ½̵ˣҪ½У𣿡
Ҿ˵ȻټЩѡӦ˵ϻֻǱãӰˣ
ȷ˶Ƿл𣡡

ɽǿߣĮ㳡˷۸ͣ˻Щͷ߿ա
ŽۿЩƲסվˣʲô㱳ǣ
ɽɢޣ˵ҪˣԼмˢӣԹԣû뵽νѾèˣԵͷ˿һʥ滹˵ɵ
è
һʱڣ̨£һƬ
һֺһ˫۾ס棺ٿʽǰ˷һɢޣǺʲô
ɢޣѵɢ޾ͲɽˣЦɢʵɽ磬ɢӦñŶȥ˰ɣлȨģӦþɢޣ
Ʋɢô
Ҫ߸ϵһȺȹϵϣվ
Ȼ˶Խ飬Ҳԣȫͨƽѡˣ˵ҹԼ½̣̫Լһ£ҾͿмţԼ½̣
һ̣½Ƿж
ҹУ
õĴϣǿߣһЦʮˡ
½̵ӣԬգ˷ֻҪ˾½̣ûʸΪǾһս
һ½̵ĲӣӸ̨֮пһ
˱һڹŽһߣɫۼ˻Ҫ߳һأ˸о̫ǿ
Ԭգ
һ·𣿻ǰٴ֮һ컯졢Ǭ޼һʱڵĴڣ
ΪȥΪӦɵ۷˰ɣ

Ԭһ˾йˣĿڴϡ
½̵ӣԬգǰ·ţһΪ̤ɵ۷壬Щóһѹסʮˡ
ԬһЦ͸գСӣ׼֣ҵĽ²֮
Ҿδ֣;һɱңôĿĪ½̵ĵӣĿˣǰһȺ֮ܣȻ泰Ц
½̱׼һɱһɢޣѵӦãҿͦ˵ҵ»Ὣ͸
룬֣
벻ֱͷƣңָԬա
ս
Ȼ͸Ϊһ߽λɵۣһ۷ɵۣΪͬҵԽʵɵ޶֣
Ԭյڻӱ󣬳ŽһһɫСĹŽ
½̳֣Ԭʦ֣˲һɢޣͣ˳ŵ
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Ԭһ࣬ЦǺǱȭȻڹȻֺԬա
СĪ̫ԬնʱоһһԾΪڳ˺һЩ
ͷɵ۰ԵΪҲͣնȳ⣺۵Сӣ㲻ҵĶ֣䡢ϴ
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˲ָֻͨһһ˶ȥֻһ
ǳףַ磬޼᲻ݵĴ͸ӡͨȻһ۵ը죬Ǹգ۱ɱ
ͨʸǿͷһѪ䣬ò
һоɱˣ
ЦЦŵˣʳ
ǶԷʵ̫ǿͨһͨӡǣնɱһɵۣȻûа졢ɵΪ޷ģ
ʬյ£·˱󾪺
˲䣬һɱ֮ˣȴһɱٿȻֶƯգ¶һЩ¿ǰԬա
ߣһ̵ɫ֪ѿټһЩǿߣȻҪһسӡ
滺ۣңָԬգɱ㣬У½̾һԣж٣ɱ٣½̽뵱óһǿߣŷ
У

ԷⷬЦ
Сӣڶע˭ǲ֪жߣ½Ǹ߸ϵľҳնɱ̫ǿߣԼ֪νţ죬ֵöһʬ壡Ԭڱ䣬ɵ¶
ʱʮˣЩṳ̂ɵֻۣͨɵ۾ˣԬտֲԺ
񱻾ѹϣࡢѪֹͣӿҪըƵģ޲ÿԬ
ɵޱ߼ʣΣһԬŭ֮£ͷգӡ֮£Ϊģ⻯ΪٳɫһϢȻӿٶȡ


2821 ɱʥ
̫ˣ˺󣡡
һʥλɵۣòʼĮ㳡Χȥֻʣ֮һ˻ܼס
ԬջЦһȣǵƷ˰ɣǱ򣬿ԸǶʮǿΧʲô˼֮ڣͬҵ㣬Ͳ㣡
ǲʵҲ۷壬˵ɵ۾ڣų޵Уֻϧ滷ܣһ˿ݡ
ϧŭüԶԡ
ǰǰһ·棬ֵİٴţʱӦǾɻʲŶԣ
ʱǾɻʣ
Բſϧ㾹ȻðŴɻ̤ɵۣһ̤ɵۣʥҲδ̤룬㲻Լһ𣿡
ˣϹ֪ѵ֪һҪ޳ɻʥǶС֮Уһ˳Ϊʥǲܵģǰǽ֮У̤뻯ʥģҲָ㵱ɵۡʥͻƵģ
ŭˣԬЦ֮дŭ
ΧЩҲ׷ͬԬⷬΪɵۣܴɵۣ˰ϡ
δһڰڣͨȻ޵ûʥ
ڳһʥûһˣǻܴ꣬ɵ̤뻯ʥ
Ϊⷬе棬һӣһͽһ֪شڵ֪֮
Цҷ񲣬ȴΨҶѣ
ҡͷ֮ͷţͬ·ǰȷǸְɣһγֻᣡ
泤գӣ
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˲䣬ԬջӶȣΧΪ˲Ϣճ
𺣣ΧԱգÿһռӿͨɵۣһ̣Ż𣬱ɱ
ֻǵγһ޷ͻơƣ·֮С
찡ȻӰ죡
Īʩչĳֻ巨ԣһɵ֮£Ǳյˣ㱻ɱ
Ǹ򵥵

Ưڸ߿֮ϣ˿ͬУһöը˷զࡣ
У滺ǰǵۻƽԬգҵ㣬ķȫһ
һϣһ׷ջȣ
ȾҽڳɣճķȻΪҺƵģһε¡
Ԫմӻһ࣬һ𣬻ȷ·ûκƿء
ǿķ
ɵۼһϵ㹻ﵽɵ۷˰ɣ
½̸ְԵ
˿ȣ֮УŵôҴ£Ԭѹ޷ּһϵ㹻ڳɵۡɻʡʥԵ۷ɵ۵Ŀֲ
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ǿԬգ澹ȻֱԬգܳסȭҾ㲻ܿټɽ֮Уȴ󲿷Ҫǿ
Ц㲻ɣȭɣһоջΪ촷ۣͬʱ˵꣬ٶչ˫ԱԷ
˺Ȼֹ
ʱ⻪֯޴һӣ·֮Ծ޴󽫻ȿС档
˸ûˣκ˿һĻǱʶܻܿţӲǷȣԼԬտһĶ֡

֮ʣķ˳࣬˷𵴡
Ȼȷ·ĳ֣Ҫ̵壬ͻȻһ󣬶ٿֲʼ
ۣ
ƿػȵԬգɫһ¶ŵĿ⣬˲Ϣͱ֮ǹѪɡ
ʱȵһз޷ƣ˷£һ۳ƵӰ
ʮûκĬĬǵԬɣǻ𿪵Ǻεȵǿ
Ұˣ
ɳһ֮Ԭգ֮Ѫģһ߼䣬˫ԺţѪûˣԴһʧȥʶ
ݣ
ȴӰ׾޴״̬˲仯ΪͨСԾɶݽԬڡ
ţԼ½ãҪʵ˵ɳǿߣһս
֮£֮ǰʧ
һֻһˣԸ̨Ǵǿߡ
ս
񣡡
ŽĿһ裬ͻȻ
ಣ
Ž̷ɳһߣԼѮһס壬ֻ¶ĵһ˫Ұɫͫ
ʥĴڣ
Ž̾ȻɳִڣԻʥ֣κɵҲĶ֣
С̫
߷ɳֳٶȷڡ
ʱգߵ˫ڿ֮У˻˵ţԼ½̣ǾͿ㾿жʱڱǰ֮ǰǰ
ʥ
ɵԻʥ
һ飬ȴȻһЦ
ǰɵۣʵɵ۷壬ԻʥģȻ죬ɾ;ɵۣʵԽͨʥͷƺһжڤڤ֮ж


2822 ɵ
ɽ磬Ҫ㣬½Ž˶ԸţͨɵۣҲΪȻƫƫʱ䣬ڰʵֵõϴ裬ͻƾɵۡ
źڣᣬҪ˵棬նͷ
ͣ
˵ʱʱ죬߾ϮΧʮվȻΪһ
ʮ̬ȻһۣƯڸ߿֮У֮ҡڡ
½̵
˱ʮĵ򾪺
ͣ
Ȼɵ˲㱻ʮûӦûˡ
߶δ֡
һ޵ĹâȻӺڰ֮Уƿһѷ졣
һ潫ʥǿߵһӣȻ֮٣ɱǰ
ܣѵ㲻ɵۣ޷ţһɵƿʥ
ݣ
һɱߡ
һײƾײĹâҹ˸âǳ˶ԣһĻ̫ҫۡ
ವһǸʥߺϢײ֮зɳ
Ѿ˲ɱ
֮Ļʥͷʬ壬ո׹أž֮⡣
ɵۣ
һɵۣɵۣܻܻʥͷһΪĻʥǿߣ
ǰĿǰΪֹδͷ񰵲ʵпһһٱ䡢ٱĻʥǿߣ
˲ɱʥ
֮ǰ˲Ϣܾɵۣ˾ȡ
ʱ˿̣ɵϢնɱһٱ仯ʥͷ˹ע˶Ϊɵۡ
һʥ
еӽ쿪ʼɽΪ£
֮꣬Ȼǲ
δʹ￪ʼ

Ⱥ֮е޼硢ĦˣǰϤһĻһ̷·ص硣
ڷ磬㲻ֶΣλսλߣԷ֮档
̫˲ɵնɱʥ̫ɽҲǼٵģ
۱Ҳݣ̫˷ܣͲֱɱȥһԸЩǿߡ
ʥһٱǿߣ̫ˣ̫ǿ󣬾ϴ裬õӡӳ֣иַʵɱһٱ仯ʥʲô
ʬ壡
ʮϢ
ɽⷽ½̵ǿߣδӦ
ѳʬһԣžζʬ壬ҵʵӦ̤۷壬ܵõһ߻ʥʬ壬Ҿͻƻʥ
ಣ
ʬ屻ģֱڣʱ׼߻ʥͷʬ塣
ɱŽ̵ĸ߲㣬κ˶ܻţѪծѪ
Ȼ䣬Žо˼£Ȼһ˫ͫ޲ýԡ
ݣ
½̳棡
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˻ʥͷӦ½̵ľӢ
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󲿷עһʱ½ǿϡ
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ЩϤϢעÿһϸ΢ȻЩʶ
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һǰ˷ٶȣȻӱۣ½ǿ߹ӣͬҹҲǬš컯ɽһ壡
ӡ
ٿȻЦЦΪ֪ΪδϢϤˡ
·֮Уնɱţ֮Ԩһţ
벻һһʥǿߡ
ЦʲôӼЦݣͷͬʱʵ
ҡҡͷɱǻᣬһ㣡
߸Ϊ棬һԽüûڸңΪҲ㿪ڣһ֣ɣ
ڸ㣬˲һ蹷̫棬һʱ֪ģ
ɱ͡棬ʱȻ˵
ԭˣԭˣ˼ֵ·棬նɱͣû뵽ɽ磬ҵǿߣ
Ⱥ֮еߣͻȻ˼ɵ·档
Ҳѹߣд֣ǰҲֻأһˣҵǿߣǰֱģ
ְɣӦǶٱ仯ʥǿߣ
֮У˿ңָЦ
ʵӦһٱ仯ʥ۷壬ҿʵβ
ಣ
̫ɽ٣ը֮Χ߿ʮﾹȻ级˴Ӱ˷ѹ档
ɱ֮УסʮƬ߿գԼ֮ͨС
ݣ
ʮڣ⣬۶Ľɱ档
ۣ
ʮ·Χ
ʥʥͨɵһ̣֮еĽѪǶٱ仯ʥ
ŽΧ֮еĴڣҲ֮һͻأ


2823 ն
ٱ䡭
Ϊһ⬡
ͻȻ˫ƳӡǣһƽһЩžž飬໥ײ
ΧƿأԶԷƽƣ֪
ʵӦӵжٱ仯ʥ򲻿ܺ˰Ե򣡡
Ʊ֮ǰǿ٣ɵƣǾɵۣ
ˣǾɵۣɲ֪ΪΣһʵȻԽʥֱٱ仯ʥ
֮ǰնɱʥǿߣżȻ

Ŵ飬ڳˣΪԼʵ
Ǿɵۣ
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ǰ·棬һɻʣ£ɻʾ磬ɵ۾Ļһս
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Į˷˱ʮڵĺ𺳡
ƺһ̣УʥĹӣȴһɵǰȻʧɫ
޽棡
ӡ棬һɱ
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˲Ϣټʮ·ˣָͷŽӥצץϷһľ޽
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ٱ仯ʥĺãҾɵΪܿһٱ䣬Ҿնٱ仯ʥǿߣ
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ٱ仯ʥʵһٱǿ屶ϣٲᡭ

˵۾澹Ȼӡ
Сӣ֪˰ɣҹǵһ壬Ƶģɣ
ӿХȵִ֮߶𵶡
ȻٶٴȻɱǰ

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ո½𵶣Ҫնɱ棬ȴǰ棬ͻȻԼΧơһҲͣ
ô£ӷԼ֮У޷ӳ
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䣬ɱ
Ⱥ֮еĻ۱ߡࡢԡ޼ȵȣڰף


2824 Ƕɣϣ
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2825 Ƕɣ£
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2826 նʮ
һɫ׵磬ͻȻǿϷƿռ䣬һպûǿߺԡ
ǿߣ֮ǰǸֽնɱĻʥһԴ˲ըûˣʬӡ
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2827 ڤڤϣ
һӰͻȻ֮зɳ¶߸Ҫƣѹ˲䣬һ𣬻Ϊһβͣճߡ

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2828 ڤڤ£
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ޣӰϲ񣬼æԪʦ𣿵ӵǧ꣬Ҫ𣿡


2829 ʼ̫һ
ԽΪʦλ̫ңԶǿգǳңԶԻҪĺܶʱ䣬׼Ϊʦ
極ͷ֮󣬹⽫ͷڹ֮⣬һҪͻƵ״̬ԴЩߡ
ʵҲ޷ڲֻҪʦĶ̫Ӧòᱻ߷֣Ƕֻͻαװ
ʦᣬѵһߣĳȥ̵ҵʦҲʥʥļ´ڡ
ӭ׼極ͨͨɤ˳
üһ̫ʯ룬Ȼһαǳ֣ͬһֽ⸲ǵĹڹ߿շŴ
һŴ󣬿ʼͬɳ̶ͬΪȭͷС
ǡ
˷ܡЦݣͻȻ̣š
Ȼǳ֮Уһʯס
⡢ⲻʯףΪΡΪλ楳ˡ
ǴĹâ֮УˣǷİϤ
ʯף
֮Уʵ󲿷˽̫ʯʥĬĬ֮Ϊʯס
浱õ̫ʯһͷ;ʯס
ʦΪΡΪʯףʦ𣿡
ѱŵû
Ϊﻹһʯף
ʯ׾صʦǲǾʥ
м𲻰֮ǰţȴ޴룬ǲ߲㣬ΪǰһĻѾ޷ƿصġ
һ̣롣
ǵȭͷСǳâȻΪһȦɫǳĻʯףҲ̫ʯʹǳһˣڴɫǳĻڵһ
⡢⡭

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Ϊɵ۴ڵ楣ʶҲһʥʯ׾һƬǿմڵƬ硣
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ʥʯ״ŵâԼǳմعȦĻǵĻʧˡ
ʥʯͻȻɶ೤ȫںɫһЩ֣ʯҲһ𵰡
⡢ʥʯףҪһЩѵѵݲɣ
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ʯΣǴӻϿģһΣƽ˽뿴ʥ
ʥһֱоܣ꣬Ҳ컯õľ
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˵ӰӣֻǱʯס
꣡
ڴ˿̣ȻѿˣйӡںϹһЩ
楸ոտѷ죬ŵò㾪Уæס졣
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ʥ顢룬ʹĺܣȻʥ֮УȻһˡ
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ҵĵӣʲôͬʱŲİˣʯײ£ʵ
楣ͨӣΪʥŮڱϴ裬ԺܳΪ䣡
˫ֺʮҶ̫ԶЩ߷֣֪γƺʦ𣡡
˵Ϊʦ̫һܶ˻ʼ̫һֻ̫һ棬̫һɣԺֱӻʦ𼴿ɣ
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Ӱݼʦ𣡡ץסᣬ楿ͷ
ʯҲһ̣ڰ󲿷ֻ֣ʣһɶյ̫ʯСࡣ
̫һҲ֮Ưڹ֮󣬽̫ʯüģٿΧ档
̫ʯϢ벻һ֣Ȼˡȥڡʱգܣ̫һΧϢȻںϣƺ
Ȼһû֪
ĻעЩʱĻֲ̿ѣ֪ʦ̫һʲôλصǿߣסٶǿճΪŮۡ
楣Ǹϣǲǣ
ã̫һӦΧϢȻ뿪Ưǰ
楼æʦٲΧǷǳߣ
˽Ϊ޷ΪʦĴڣΪʦǿǲܿǿ˭Ҳ޷֪ΪʦĴڣ
ʦ𣬼Ȼǿ󣬲ھȥѰ棬ɱˣ
ղΪʦŻһգΨһǶԸһˣ⣬ǿ߻ǴݾߣһΪʦλɲΪ
ǣͽһУ
ΪʦȻûлָȴΪʵССɵ۾ίʵ̫ʥҲϣ˵ʥҲ̫СΪʦὫΪʥ
лʦ
ʥ


2830 սȺǿϣ
ȻԼΪʥĴڣ󲿷һ׾ͳԽۡ컯ŵǿߣԼ棿
ǰ֮ǰ˼ɣͳͳʧ
Ϊ߻ᷢʦ̫һ棬̫һڹϿգҲû˷֣ʼӷ飬һֲ䣬渵

ɽ磡
ְ죬ⷽնɱʮʥǿߣɸ߽׻ʥγɵĴʮնɱ½̵ǿߡ
ͨҲ޷赲½Ž̽ʮӢĵӡ
ųϵɻʵӣЩʥûһͳͳΪѳƷ
һնɱʮˣ浱ɵۣӵеľֶΡ
˭˭
ĮΧŽԼһЩ䣬Ұټʬ壬ŽͷðѪᣬɱˡ
ϧҲҲ˭֡
侲Ҹоһ޵Ԫʮ֮ͷųҲ˵ɱ˹ʮӢ½̴ϣҹоȻ뱻ʮˡ
Ҫ
Žڶֱ֣նɱʮˣǽ»д
һ֮⣬ݺᣬԼһЩǿɱɽǿɱ
˳󣡣
ŽŭȵɱҵʮӣҪѪծѪ
Ž
ʱ½ɽڶǿߣ
ʮҲصΧɢȥɴ¯ģ˲óһѪ˷¡
֮ҹСŽȵ䣬ɵΪ΢һЦ˵ŽɱţɱĲɻʵӡʥӰɣǻɡɵӶŹݲֻɱŽʮӢӰˣ
ֻɱʮӰˣ
Ž󣬲̡
ʱպøͬʱѪָʵĻᡣ
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ǧ䡢ͻȻһ裺ҵ֮ѡ½̽˵ĴӹǸǣ˭½֣˭ŵˣݣ·ȻУǾ½ƲϵӦԶٶ֣ҲŻ᲻һֻ֣ʱǵݲҲŹκһӣ

˲ϢЦЦᶼˡ
һȻͣƾ㣿֮ǰҵǲֱݣϼƽϣ񲻻ٸǻᣡ
ϣ֣
Žæۡ
ಣ
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λڻʥ۷ǿߣһˣͿѹʮˣ
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ΧԶʮɣµ״̬¡
׼ãҴ󣬴ɱȥһսˣ
ҲɵŽʥǿߣǿǽ۷Ĵڡ
һֻл۱ӵٱ仯ʥµʵ־ͷĶ֡
򣡡
û뵽һ̣Գ֣ȻջʥԻʥ߶ӡŴͨ
ƿС
һŽ۷廯ʥĳϣŭȻ˶ʮˣֱһָӡһ޴âָ棬ɱΧÿˡ
ಣ
Σһ̣޼ԡϹݡࡢ½껡ԪʥϹ֡ˣģҲΪġ

һӰͻȻָǰֻ΢΢ۣʱǾ޴ָɨ飬ն𵴣öĤˣ·һЩɽҲΪ˵ĳ֣
䣬Ȼ㣬ɱŽʮӵˣҲɣ
ŽΧǿǣҹУˡ
䡣
为ֶվʮǰŽǲˣǶƽԣҪţԼʵҲû˵ȴҪƤ½֣Ǳǻпɽɽо仰˵ĺãձ󣡡
Ҫ䣬ʲôʱˣŻ뵱Լϴ磿ãԽһˣ¶ײеı飬Ϣʼ
ߣ
ͻȻһ
ȴǶŽҹе˳֣ʮǰɨһâ
¡¡
ʮ˸ӦȥԶǸ߿γһըԭʮƹâŽ̴ײ顣
һʵ
ǵʥ
ܲˣɽ磬Ӵˣﲻţ
ҹеһᣬΧһʥǿߣߣ׷ɱǹŵƹâ
Ҫţãһ̣ŵǶ֣ҵʥܽŵΪ棬
һ䡢Ļ侹Ȼ뷨


2831 սȺǿ£
ŵ⣡
䣡
գһ£ʮײŽһ磬Ȼ߿ա
Ӳˣ
һʥǿ׷ɱ
Ҳûţ
˿̴ǿߣӰնƬĻԻΪ񷡣
ʮûмæߣǿߣһ

ͬʱǧ졢֮޽ɵ˸ϡ
ʱѡңʱ룬Ǵ㶯֣ϣֹɱĻʥǿߣһ֮һһߣ
һƺȫû뵽˵ⷬοЦСӣ˼뿪Ϊ֪಻µģҹҲĶ֣ǶһᣬԼյأҲӰ䣡
ǰˣ湪
á֪ΪΣ澹ȻӦˡ
䣡
һɲǣŵ𣬾Ҫһ㡣
ԭ뼸䶯ֻ֣һ֮γɵʱŽ̰
֪ٵӱ
ݣ
һǿߣ׷ɱĻʥǿ߳֡
֣
һΣʩչеΧǧߵִӽ߿գ޵׹£Χǧ䡢ȥ
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뼸ɱŵΪ棬ڲְľͷûһУǻʥȥҲᱻ˲ɱ
ɽ綥ͷ
˼飬ˣͨʥڡ
ԶԶڸ߿տţѾо·κһϢһնɱÿˡ
˵ĲίʵǿȻô꣬Ǭûš
ȥ
ڽ֣ɱȥ
䣬벻ʵһֱز©
ҷѹţϣͷڹ꣬ΪҴԭ򣬽װڹ꣡
ɽ磬ʵӦ۷Ĵڣʥȥ׷Ѱʥ˵ľ磬ҪػţǾһ٣
ͬʱ·ڲΪŵݺᣬиأ˸ûš
ΧɱŵǣΪףɱһ˿䡣
ʥս
ϧҵĵҵĵӰ
ҹе䣬ʱ׼֣ǲӳȥ
û䣬ûţŽʹļףʥｻ֣Ž̴Ӵ˽Ϊ³ϡ󲿷ǿ߱ŵ
ܲʹ
䣬վŲۣǵûˣ
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һǿ߰еҪȻһ½ǣͷţý½̰ǬţΪǲ֪õƽ˭
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Աһ߸յͷһ˫ͫӿ
žžž
Щͷ֮УһЩ߼ɵۣͨɵ۸棬Щɵͷ޷ݵԪվ
ΪΣһ޵Ԫ֪Ľأ
һ侪㵸ߺ
ͬʱΪҹΪ׵ǡǣ׷¶ŵǿΧΪǵԪҲܵһЩ
ʱÿ˽ѹԺ޵Ԫ񲨶
Сӣˣ
Χɱ䣬Ϊһ«ԴԴϡ
һƾΧһž䣬βǿᷴʩչ
ಣ
ûɳûһ׷ɱȥҹеˣ뿪Ҳһ׷ȥ
Ϊ潫ֵԴЩǧ䡢ڣ²ɱǣҲܸԪӰʵ
Ҫһ㣬Щ伸ʥĴڣɽưԶ꣬δ޽͸ڡ
죬ˣﴦڻ֮̿У׳֣Ū˭ڱ֡

ŵ⣬Űع顣
ߣ
ɱһƬγʮ޳ĽƣɱŽ̵ա
ǧԼǿߣʧ
ٿʥϹֻΪһα𳤴ףʮվڱϣβһ飬ռʥϹ˿ȥ
ķڰаţ
һ䣬׷
Ƚڰսն飬УܼһЩӰӣȴһ׷ȥ
ԪֶΣϢҵԪ͵ϮԪֶΣҲģ
һ䣬µ˵
˭ΪŽʮӢɥڴˣҲΪ棬һֱҪűҵǸŵ֮ƤǣңŽɫںڣ򶼿챬ը
½̲ӲܣӦģ͵ϮǲܵģʱֱӾ£ɱƵҹ֪һ̣½վ
Ȼһ̬Žˡ


2832 ǿ֮еĲ
˼
Щͷ䡢ۼһ̣Ȼһǳ˫ۣϷһС
˫۾ˣ̫
֮ܽɵ˵زǹȥƬ磬ˣ桭
ǳ˫ۺȻΪһˡ
ڴˣһʶǲ֪Ӻδ̫ʯؾͷ̫һ档
ʱ̫һ棬Ӧһ־ƯھͷϷһȻûκ˷
ҹʥǿߣҲδ
棬ʱ㲢δɳɱʱ̣õȥˣ
ٿ
̫һӰֱƿգȥʧİա
һˣȻռ䣬޾ڰ֮С
һҪӣӺڰ֮Уһռʱ
֨֨
ͻȻһֻӳǰѪɫͫ⣬Ŀ̫һ棬ƺרΪ
һֻԭҺԼ־⨺Ȼһ˿˿ԡ˵Ϣ̫һͣסӡ
⨺翴һ㡣
Ŀ⣺κμԪʱ֮У֣ײ㣬ĪҵϢ

̫һһ˫ۣ֮ɫȻ򸽽ֱǺڰ֮У벻һˣʱͨյ˲زټƬ⣬Ӧλǿʿ֮һɣ
˭ڰ֮У⨺ͻȻԾȥȻһ׷ԲԵߡ
⨺ˣ֪ȴδĴڡ
̫һ⨺ˣ԰ӣҴֻ֪Ҫû˿赲ңʶ࣬ҳǸ
һ֣Ҿ͸оһɣϢҲ֪ȴóΪڴˣ޷˺棬㻹ֻһʶ
ǺǣƥסԱͷ޳֮⨺ҽֲɣ
룬룬ܸӦΪǿ󣬵ȴСΪĳԭӦܵ㲻ҵĶ֣
ƥ򡭡
̫һЦȻֹ
ͻȻһ裬˻Ϊһʧ
Ų֮󣬿ɱ㣬նɱ棡һ仰˿ԲƬڰ֮С
˾ģΪҪԸֻɵ۾棿Сǵȥһ桭
⨺˳Ĭã⨺ɲһߣһڰ֮С

ڤϼɽ磬ʥط֮С
лʦѾ̤뻯ʥһٱ䣡
ʥع֮⣬楣ʱ֮ȻɵһԾΪʥǿߡ
̶̵ʱ䣬ɵ۾Ľݡ
ص̫һ棬ոջָϢղ̫飬ӦϢҵ棡
𣿡
Ȼããɽ磬ټҵһˣ
һոմɵ۾ͻƻʥϲãʱ⻰ɢ
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Ϊβɱ棿ʦ׶
Ϊһ֣һǿߣһߣ߸һֻ⨺
⨺ˣŶ֪˭ˣ⨺ˣײβǵɽǿ֮һ壬
Ǿ͹ֲˣΪȥ棬Ƭռ䣬ȻԭҲͨΪֻ⨺ͨԽ壡
ڣҪɱͲˣ
ΪʦʵһգֻǿûκҪΪʦܽʥ̤ʥΪʦһȥѰնɱ棬лͶ֣
ʦ£ǵӵ£
ʱοͷ
̫һֵҪָʵҪڤϼɽȴ忪ʼ֪ɽ磬һɽǿҲΪ㣿ڤϼɽ̫ͨˣ
ɽ磿Ȼ컯ɽ磬ɽ繫ȻһʥأӾȼ޸컯һл۵ʿΪ£һɽ磬ȷա
컯ɽ磿ʱҲ˸Գ컯һǵȾĴڣ˼Ϊʦⷽɽȥ컯ɽ磬ȻΪʦȥѰ
ǣ
䲻֪̫һ˵ʲôͬ棬Ǻεȶ̫һ˿ء
ʥǿߵζ
ʥطΧ
ǲΪϴ裬ͻ̤뻯ʥȴ̫һ档
楼ɣ⣺ۣҪ޸㣬Ϊʵס컯Ȼ죬㻪Ҳ졢ɵۣѾ̤ϻʥʱνڽ£
뿪棬λǰ
楣û뵽˲̶ʱҵϴ裬̤뻯ʥ
Ůûһˣʣδ
ϵһŮҵⱲӣΪǾ񣬷ҲᷢڱصãħԺڰûɽ磬Ψܻⳡƽ٣һͳɽ磡
ڶΪ磬ķһʮˣκһˣǳԽʥĴڡ


2833 ̫һ᱾ԭˣϣ
ҪȥϢһʱ䣬ٻصʥ
ԤԼˣʣҲ֮󣬲ԤܿδһЩ棡
߶֮Ŀȥÿһλ߽ο
Ϊ楣δ
ûпǣһƯҲ࣬һȥ
˶ǿǰûκܿˡ̫һ桯ĴڣǺεȵΪ
ʦҪȡʲô
뿪ʥؽһ̣ټ߿գ楰ʵüź档
ΪʦҪΪָʵȻʦʵֻܶԸͨʥʿ
޴ڵ̫һ棬˫֣Χ²ƺƬҪɡ
ʦҪ𣿡
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̫һ˵꣬ͻȻһƣȻ֮еĿռ䣬˺ѳһڶ
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⡢ʦ𣡣ܾӣŵΨΨŵŵ̫һ
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̤ʥ֪Ĵڣɽֻǳһ֣γֻǻһ֣ټԭʼռ֮УһҲȲϣ֮ԳΪʿһ죬ޱ޼ʵĿռ䣡
ಣ
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֪֪ʦˡ楶ԣѾоʲô֪
һ̫һʲôҲû˵ʥ
ֵǣʥûһˣ峤ƺڡ
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ಣ
һԾ֮УʱܿǸֱʯ󣬷׹֮󣬾ڵڶϢˡ
սľǰﾹȻһϣ֪ĵ磬Ҳ֪ж
ǰһ¸ɽ֮ϣһϵļ̨һЩڽƵǳ
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楲֪ǺεأףһһܵĵȻӦǰϤϢסһ
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ڤϼɽʮ˳ԪԽ̨極ϰ£оĳִҪ
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ɽڼ̨ǰϷһһѾһͷǰ׷Բԣ֪˶ꡣ
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ݣ
̫һȻʧߡ
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̫һ߼̨룬ʯ󷨽ΧһȪǧ״Ȫ㣬滹һЩҫ۵ʯ
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ŮӾ峤
ǰȪ֮У뵶һ˰ıȪҺΧʯԪһںϡ
̫һ𽥿̨楣ͻȻһʦ峤ѵҲҪɱʦҶһ
ߣҪֶΣҪɱϣ˵㹻̣Ȼɱǣʶôɱɱˣ׼ҲûУǾûʸҵĵӣ˭֪̫һһ
ǡ
оŭ⣬Сèһ˳
ˣ
̫һ֮£˴̨硣
Ԫ޷ʦ⾿ʲôط楸оӦ
κһγ֮еʣΪԭʼľΪ㾫ŵʣһɽҲˣڤϼɽ絮֮ǰһ컯ΪʩչͨҲգһǺ֮нپԪµıǨŴһ嫵ɽ磬һɽľڣ֮Ϊ籾ԴǴرԴȻΪʦϲΪԭˡ̫һ˵
ԭˣ
籾Դ
رԴ
ٴΪԼʶⷽɽ硣
ԭҲΪܶ׶ΣƷʣʯΪƷƷƷ㿴ڤϼɽıԭˣ˴ԭҺԼԪʯƷ״̬ƷʼΪһ飬ΪʣƷıԭˣֻмɴСΪһʯǳ̣ɽ࣬ڤϼɽûˣǱԭ˻£بŲ𣡡
̫һ˵꣬ӺڴԭҺԵ峤


2834 ̫һ᱾ԭˣ£
ˡˣ楣֪𣿡˼Ǵ󷽷峤Ҳࡣ
̫һĿ⣬˲峤ǰһˡ
ӾǴ˵֮УʥϷӡͰ͡
˵̫һҲѵ⡢档
Լ֪ģʥӡһֲĸ̫һ档
ʥˣˣӦõǸ磬۷ңӦҲȥ˼
̫һصЦЦȻޱȡ
ڴʱھ״̬峤ƺƤոշ
̫һָѾͷΪߣ峤Ȼͷ֪ʶ

極һΣʶ̫һǿ֮һ峤ȻҲ˲ϢƷ
𣬶̫һļɵ
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ӡΪʦʵָܸٽڤϼɽıԭɣһжˣ
̫һ״δЦ極棬һ̫žˡ
ֳӡһɽΨһľԭˣƬռͷŹϵԪϼ⣬̫һ˷·ӵ޷ޱߵĴͨƿС
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ԳΪ׵ǿǣۼһãʥϹ֡ߡ۱ҲС
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ľ⣬һǿвٵĿ־塣
ȥ֮󣬾ʣˡ
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ǱΪһϴʥ֮ڣԽʥټԼĲҹţ꣬ܳɵۣʥ
Ǭ½̫·ǰԼţͬһϣҪһҪһͲˣ
ܳΪʥ·ˣҲԵ֣ҲҵңȥȴɣҪһͱǬŶϣȷһģ
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ȥ
ΣһЩӣñ½껡棬һֱԾٶɱ䣬ûˣֻҪһЩӸ棬δһɽ硭
Ϊ䣬ʮߣܵѹ˿ᣬκһ񣬶غţԼӵδ
صֽǧ߾ۼһá

Ԫ߶ǳԽɵ۷Ĵڡ
˶Уֻз۱ûнȥ˸вǰ̫
ԿʥϹ֡ߡԡࡢ½껡޼賤˾̫Ҫˡ
磬͸ý㣬ǹԪڵĶһڣϽҲһ
ڣʶƯ賤ǰϴδӹԪǿ߶ĳ賤
һڣµķǹԪڵĴмĽ̾
賤ûпʱ򣬹һڣ̫ҪվߣΪЧ
ʥԪ߶Ϊϴ裬ϣ⼸䣬Ϊ̤졢ɵۣ
ص磬վڱ⣬Ժڰ
ڰػԪڲֻл۱
ʥֵʬ徫㹻ʥˡ
۱ţںϣ֪Ҳһ뱱һĴڡ


2835 ʥ
棬ˣţ
һʱ䣬꣬մݶ
һƿշɶݹץġ
ʱڳɵ۷塭
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л䣬ʥΪϴ裬Ч̤뻯ʥӵʥˡ
ϲ߶һȫʥʱʮȫͬѪϡѪ⡢ǡ
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½Լʱ䣬ͲżͻƻʥҾΪԼϴ裬ûһ˿ʡ
ػٶ꣬޷ϴ̤ɵ۷뿪¡
꣡
صȻ֮УѾͷų
ȻƬϿս˽ƣϾһͻƻʥҪɽ٣ܿʮƾȻŵ֮һ
רĶɽ٣Ϊ㻤
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۱Ҳֹͣһ˫ͫʩչһԻ֪ͫôֲ
滺٣ڲϷڣʥ̤ʥ磬δɽƿ֮£
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۱뿪Ƶ
ɳƽ磬֮УֻԶһӰȻΪ֮ͷ׵硣
棬֣ϵ֣ҵϢٹңԶγɴ
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û뵽ǻ۱Ҳоš
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һգۣ⨺˾ǰź룬ϵ⨺Щ޾ɡ


2836 ⨺ϣ
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ƺ֪⨺Ĳʶ棺ϴݹ٣ͻȻãΪ
⨺Ц۾гһߣСӴȷΪ
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˵ȵɽ˵дҪ˵ҶԣҲһ
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κˡ
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ϣоӡĴڣСӣصĿ湻ģӡӵߣĸǵǿߣ𣿾ʥҲӡ⨺Ц
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2837 ⨺£
뵣̰ӡͨ඼δգȥ𣿶ԣյ׷ڷ⨺˷·洩͸
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ʥҲгΪʥ˵һ죡߱滹ҪУ̫̤뻯ʥ
ڱڵԴ֣˼ҵúƤҪǧͻƻʥƼҪڴ󲿷Դһգ
ҪԴʥ΢㴴ڣƻǿɱ½̶ȡ
ʦܣﻹвʦԴǴҽ̤뻯ʥܹһʱģ
δҶɽ٣һо֮У
ԪΧǧˣԴ۴Դǧߣн־˱仯
ǵ鵤˜ԼһЩ
Уͷǣͷ뿪֮ǰʮƷҩ
ƷҩԽƷҩҲԽƷ
ĿͼȥͬĴϹݣҲڱǰȥ޾Ѱֶɽ١
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û뵽ٱ仯ʥ۴ǿʱҵһʱ䡭
ҲҪ״̬һٱ仯ʥǹͨɵ״̬
۱ҲһڰΧƤһЩ״̬Ҳһɫ棬ʱʱںڰ˫֮ͫзա
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滹δͻƻʥҪ
һʱ䣬ܻص¡
ͷŻʥ˸Ӧʮ⣬ԶһЩڵܶٸӦ
շΧκ壬ӲĸӦ
ۼػΪ󷨣Դƣӿ
ֻ˴ԣƤںϣȻûɵϤıڡƺˣǶı仯ȴûжٱ仯
ʥɵ۾磬Ȼͬɵۻ޷͸磬̤뻯ʥһͷܸӦ֮⣬ʥѾʼ̫̫ΪΪɽڵ뻯ʥһֲɵҪ̤뻯ʥѣ
ǿĲջ


2838 Ҷȣ
˼ãҵԭ
ɵԴҪԣǶƷҩŶԻʥˣҩڻʥκξ綼ҪҪΪɵ޷̫ЧΨдȡ
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һϤǳϢϮ治һ
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ڤ֮е棬ʶȻ˯ʶΪڲͬɭϢɽ֮е̫֮

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ԼһƬءδ֪Ǻ֮У񱻷ںڰǺ֮ˡ
ָоܾãۼǰǺӹͻȻʧֳһ޴ĳǳϿա
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ҵĵӡҶȡ
ͬʯһ㣡
⾹ȻԼĵӣ
֮ǰ϶ţȻˡҶȡȻ˵Լ֣š
Ҷȡҵĵӣ޵ĸߺ
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Ư̫ʯһҶȣϲ񣬿Ҳһ
еӣΪԼ֪һǳֱӵ⣬滹޷
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ף
˵ʦȻ棬δȴųơ𡯣ͳһǸʱΪϹʱһƬףһͳ£ƿʱա硣
ҡڲǻʥʥ֮£ϣôͳһʱգΪʵҵĿҲǳΪǿߣ̫ңԶ
ʦ㻹δףӲ;Уǿ;гΪĵӣΪϹżԪʱյԺ󣬵Ϊǿһͳ˻ģֹԪҲŵõ־УΪĵӣ
΢΢Щˣڻһӣδ㣬ҳΪˣӣ


2839 ʦͽ
ԣʦǡ̫ʯס̫ʯʱգصȥż㣬ϧ޷ϵû뵽һΣʦʵҲס̫ʯ뿪ȥڣڼ棡
ͷҶȣǼÿһ仰ÿһֶ֡
ͬ𺳡
Ȼиӣ
ӽҶȣ
ؼҶȣδʦȴڹȥ
ȥôܺδϵһʱգ
ɻأѶԵҶȵݣɣΪμУϤ
Լĺӣ
ҶȣȻ̫Ϊ棿ԵĹȥھʲô
ɻ󣬱Ū
ҶҲżʦãҲ̫ʯҿʱϵҵý֪ģ㣬Ϊڻ˽̫ʯ
ءԱС˽УܰҶȣһЩ̫ʯ
ޣǻԭޣҲǻʼ壡
Ҷͬ۰ԼĺӣޣɫͻȻϾĿһ裺ӺڹȥδԣҾδҸŴʮԪʦиӣʦ֣Ϊңϧڲ
ңӣͻȻ١
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̫ʯ
ʦܴʱգʶδ棬ôʦУҲӦһ̫ʯ
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Ϊ̫ʯǻΪϵӵкʱյ̫ʯԭһ壬ɽ籾ԭˣͬǣԭɽ뱾Դ̫ʯټԽ⣬Դ
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̫ʯһʱڻΪǻƣ
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ˡ
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ĪҸʱգ壿
ǵģĿǰڰ飬Ϊû̫ʯԵʣ̫ʯղںһ飬ʧȥΪڰ磬ֻ̫ʯ˵õ֮罫Ϊյ̫ʯ֮УҲõģֻϧһʯҲǸողŵ֪Ǳǿߣųơ桯ľͷõΪ̫һ桯
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˵ǿţ޵еĴڡ
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һص㣬̫һõȨʵȻռҪǿ̫ʯ֣ʱմ䡢ζʦڵδеڵĹȥܶ罫Ϊʧȥ̫ʯʧ֮Уܹܿȥʦ𣬾ͲˣʦڣҲ泤ʧػشʱһûš䡢ڰ磡
ˡ
Ҫľ̫ʯںΪһ飬ͻָԴڰҲή٣ʦһϢ̫һ֪̫ʯΪƺܸܿӦʦе̫ʯӵȥȥ㲻
ɣһ뾡취ǿ󣡡
Ҫһ֮ʦͬʱһҪ̫һ棬ӻ뾡㣬ϣʦһط̫ʯΪԴһӴգӦ̫ʯϢȥȥĴʱգ
УΪ󣬱иΪҪ
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ʦ𡭡
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滹˵ʲôϧ˵ȥԷҲ


2840 ɱ
ҶҲˣֻϡʦ
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һۣʵԺ֮УһĻĻ֣ҶȵĻһҲģ統ǰ׿˵
ǿ̫С̫һʱգҵ̫ʯնɱ
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νͣ
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֪μ⨺ˣλǰҲ⣬Ҫģʲô½̣Ǭš컯ű𣬶ǿԼ̫ʯȻ취һõһ̫ʯָ򣡡
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򽣬㣬Ѿ֪νǡ
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ȻѪڣ໥ˣȴ棬ϢԣһϢǳ䣬ϢһһȴϢӿ
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벻һʱ䣬㾹ȻӤһҴתΧȥ
Ȼ˵ȷ岻٣оҶ߸ŵֻޣʮƣ
Сָ㣬Ҳûз˳ƯĺȻӿӡ
ӡ㣬ʱγɸ֪ӡԼӿ֡
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â֮Уһ棬δ⣬֪ͻƻʥ
ȭͫͨڱǰκʱ򣬶Ҫɡ


2841 ػǳ
Сǧ
ǿͨӦþ̫ʯСǧԼǧʱ
Сǧת֮󣬷ǳ淢Сǧֻںϣںϣƺ֮䣬ʲôͬƵ
һʱ䣬淢Լ֣Կ޼硢賤Ħ졢ԡͨ˵Ӱޱʵ
ǰδֹģͻƻʥǰʮпܵġ
Сǧı仯滹һ֣·оԼָΪ翵ظо
ǧʱ벻仯Ϊˡ
󷨣˲ܿ͸ÿһ㣬ǰ¿ռֻܿһ룬ÿ䶼˲俴ҵ֮󣬴ǧʱ徹Ȼһȥ̵֮λϡ
ܣ˲𣿾Ȼ䣬뿪ʮ
ˣæתŷ֣ʱ뿪ղռ䣬Ѿʮ
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ǧʱ̺˵ĿռʱԸղŷһУĿɿڴֻܲµһĪԴǧʱ
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֪һЩɽֶ֮Σǲ֪ģҲδﵽɽ֮Ǹ硣
ȭʽ죬ڵʽ֮ϣǣʽõزء˲ںϣԽ𵤷ʮںɱǿʽգ
ڰʽΪءԣǿԲѪϡɱһҲ̫ѣ
֮ϻеھʽ졢ʮʽˡʮһʽ࣬Լʮʽ䣬ȭʮʽ岻֣ͬںϵ£ɾ۷壡
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ȭʮʽʼһڻͨߣʩչѧɱڰ
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ǰǰ꣡
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˵֪ػǳľ磬Ƕ޷ﵽģ֪໯ʥڣػȻͨ״̬ǳ֮أ̤ʥҲӵڵǳأ
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𣿡
СȫһأԼûзֶѣ
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ûϣʽҪΪ㳢ֱӴ߶ӡԼؿǳͼǳȥʥε


2842 ռ仯ǳ
Ȼǳ֮ΪɻʥȻɽڲֻ֮һ
Ȼ֪ǱԸ㣬ڴ߶ӡؿǳͼյǳ֮Ѱʥʮڣһɽһֱӿǳ֮
ҵԣ
ھȥ
ಣ
²˳٣ĿĺܣӡǳͼԼǳԣһٱ۷ʵӦòֹٱ仯ʥ
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ǰʶǰ㣬䡢嫣
۱ڲʥΪʩչͨʩչҿ
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۱Լ״磬ɲǽӡһ˫ͫƳǧס
ռһϢǧ״̬ȻѹƵֻаףʮ֮һѹֻܱ֮һͨ
û취磬ϵ˵ʥ磬Ҳֻܱʵ֮һͨ⣬ɽ֮ϣڻʥΪɣԳߣֻҪ֣ǰµ֣۱ͷͷȻڴ߶ϵ֮ͨ󣬶Ϊࡣ

ĬЩ
濪ʼʵ߶һƬ
˲ӿҲǧף̿ʼ֮ѹൽ׵ͣϷš
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ٴ߶ӡ˴룬֮УʣھȻֿռһƬɳĮֻɫǳˡ
ǳɳĮ֮ǰͨ״̬磬һЩɳĮ֮еɳȻ֮֮ǳ
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˿̾ãӡһ޵ʹҪĿǳ֮С
۱峺˫һЩ˿ߣ磬ڱӦӡɣֲã㸽Ըоһ룡
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һθо֮ͬʱҲϧӡ
ʣӡѾӵʶ׵ֻҪŬδӡ£һܳΪ

˲Ϣٴͷͨθǧףȴ٣Ȼѹһ룬ʣ׵ľ˷Χ
Ѿʥ࣬ͨʥӡǰһĻ۱¶ο

ӡǳڴ߶״̬֮ʡ
ȻйȻӡںϣȻһǿңҪΪƬĸо
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ڣǧʱڸϢӡںϡ
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Ϊ磬ͻȻɳ״̬ǿռʵıʣΪӡγɵͨ״̬͸ȴйɸоƺĿռ䡢硣
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۱ɽһμϹűһŲý档


2843 ɽڵͨ
ɽںϣڣһɫΪһһδ濪ʼںϡ
нӡΪ֡
ں϶ڽǿֲɽ
һЩӡںϳһ״󣬻һЩγһЩͼ

ӡ
ͨоڴ󡢽ͼ֮УҳģԭһŷӡԼһŽ
ӡðԵ֣Ԫ˵ɽвĽͼɣ
⨺˵δȥˮ֮ķӡȳǿߣںӡɣһ㣬ԪһжĿǰڷӡɽԪУĿӦûӡˮ֮磡
ڤһɽںϣʶɽ
񣿡
ɽֻܿ͸һ󷨣ɽһ֮УһЩبƯ
һۣ֣Щɽߣġ
ԭɽߣȻǽ񣬶µߣҲǽ𺳵
̫ˣ
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ںϵĹ֮Уɽӡ淢һЩΪԴȻֻơ
ѵҲֻ̫ؾ̫ǰ㣬ӵʥ˵һͷͨˡ
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һ룬־ͷΪߵģӦóԽʥĴڣǰӦõõӡ׷Ѱʥ˵Ĳȥ
ۺ϶ԣʮа˾Ҳֻ̫ؾԾƳɽ챦
㻨˰꣬ɽں֮ڿʩչĿǰʩչ֮һζʥΪ㹻۷廯ʥʥľͷ
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벻һΣʥ̫ʯӴʱڣ̫ʯͷһ޷ݵĺ֮ںϡ
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ǧʱҲ𵴣ֿҪ飬Ϊ졢ĸо
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뿪֮ʣ۱棬˷ɳ󿴵һףȻŵӡɱأʮɷ棬׵ڱ
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½̴ɱŵΧˮйͨ
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۱ҲӸӦһУƲֻʮ򲻵Ȼʥɻʡɵ뻯ʥԷ̫ˣ
ϧˣԸħ壬Ȼشħ
ʩչ˷ʡ

ɵǿߣһ̨Χۼ
ŵǿǣԻʥΪףһۼڼ̨߶һ޲
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Ц̣ɭ˵ŻʮѡľӢӣؾ֮УӦ֪Ǳŵĸȥؾһƽٹϣؽţϣ


2844 ǿĺϻ֮
䡭
壡
ˣȻʹΪһĻʱȻ̫ˡ
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ŵӣĿᶨҡܿЩӣŵΡ
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ಣ
Сӡ
ʱһʥͷŶʮʥǿߣɱֱˡ


2845 º쳾ϣ
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2846 º쳾£
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ףնɱʥĴڣΪΪȻ޷໯ʥĻԭΪһشûĻ˿
Ǳסˣһٱ仯ʥǵȶ֣ΧЩʥǿߣ׷׿ΪԽ󵨣ĿײС
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2847 µɱ
䣬ſɱʹ죬ʥʬҪţʥʬ徫ʥľа޴ǰЩ˲ǵˣԴ
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2848 ƺ«ɱķ
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2849 ɡͨ
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ҹΪ׵һٶʥǿߣѿסʮǧ֮⣬ڲռԺϻ֮ƯɽʯͳͳͣȻʼʧȥƣ׷ء
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ڰ۱ҲˣҪžӢΪΪ棬Ҳֻһ۶
ֵõʥǿʬ壬ǿߣһɱʥĴڡ

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벻ݣѱɱ룬ʣ½ɵۡʥĴڣҪԶ׺Ϊ־壡
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˫ʱ˼䣬ŵ֪ͨΪ½̣ԺǺӷʽڰ;ɺϡ
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ʥǿ߳ˣǵĿɭɭڰֻصƣ̰̫뽫ռΪС


2850 Ѫ
ҪҵıǺǣΪʥܵõҲҪǼʥ취ʥҪ֪ԶŴ۵ֶΣ
Լʥƽڰûһ˿˿־֮ɫĪЦţ쳣ڴɱ
ʱֻʣһˣ۱Ҳ߶ᦣΪˣɱ˳֮С
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2851 ɱʥϣ
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2852 ɱʥ£
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2853 ɽ籾ԭ
ģٶȵӰ죬ȴѾ潫˦ס
һ̵棬Ȼֽ߰Եٵʯϧʯ̫Ӳֻֽһοһɶ
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ԭˣںϰɣ
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䣡
˼̵ķӡʯҲɽչ
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Ҫʱ䣬ںϱԭˣʵʵܴﵽεȸ߶ȣټƻһ


2854 ɱ
˲ǳ֮УӡͷֱԭˣʯͷŵϴȫڡգѾﵽһٻʥ۷塣
ʱһͻƵĸоӡԭͷ⣬˫ۿȻռ䣬ΪǳɳĮĿӿЩɽԼ
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2855 ʥʲôϣ
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ƽıԭˣٹպøһξʵһЦе˵ߴٷ

Ĵʥɱ׷ɱʥǿߡ
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潫ʥʬ壬һ߾ʬģߴʥʬ壬ԸǧߣԼˣǿ
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2856 ʥʲô£
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2857 ռ䣨ϣ
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2858 ռ䣨£
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߶֮󣬴󲿷ƿʼռ飬ֻʣ֮һƻܼ֡
Ҳʼʮޣڹ꣬ǿռ䣬ʵٱ߳ɣҲֻӵпһٱʥʵСռ䣬سԽʥ־ƿɲͬ⣡
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ɽ֮Уҹнֻ֣ӱܣҹж֣޾֮Уȴӵпܡ


2859 ռΪ
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浭һЦܸΪսװɣ
һв巨Ȼܿסһ벻Сô෨껹Ϊֻƺ«ҵģҵģһ㣬ҹɱ𣬲ܱռƶ٣Ϊľʱ䣬նɱ档
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2860 ɱҹУϣ
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콣֣Ҫɱҹǲܵġ
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2861 ɱҹУ£
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2863 ٱ仯ʥ
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2865 Ѫ죨£
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Ц
澹ȻӵͬѣͬǲˣΪΪң
һŮԴȣаţɽˣһԴΪأҪģսѵΪһèҪȥðգ
ԭͨЩǿУνİèһΪҲ̫޳Щ仰׵ŭ棬ɽνʵαƵĴڡ
ϲǹҧӣ
֮дѪЦ
ˣĪ·ѡĬѡԼĵΣ᲻ÿľӪ𣬶Ҳù˼һЩ滹Ǽѹŭ˵


2871 Ǹ
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һǿʥ·ΪɫҪ֡
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ħǿߣ
ħ˲ϢΧʿǸоëȻǿΧ١
һɲǣ桢ͨΪȺдС
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ĴţͻȻͷŵݴͨ״̬һ

ٴα
ħһɽߣһٻعͥѪ󣬾Ȼͨͷ
ͨ˦ȥһۣħȴߣħʿħ磬ҲɽһԱҶħûȤ
ħȣ
ǿɽ磬ΪǿħȻįˣһȻǰ
Ϲʱħȿǿ컯ŵĴڣ
Χ˵֪ͨݣĸԾϾħɽ̫ͷ˲֪
Ҳħϸȴȥ˵һڻʥͷ׼Χһ֡
ǹ˰ɣ
滺סͨΧˣȻһЦ˼ҶЦǹҧû뵽ǻԸ⵱һͳͳÿҲ
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˻һ۷ɵۣȻ˲Ϣˣ
ƴҲǻʥΪ
Χٴ֣ȻһƬţÿٴο棬һ쾪
Ǿ񡭡·棬µš
ʱһͻأڻص
棬˵Ǹ棿֮Ԩǰӳ֮Ԩɱ˹Ԫһϣ˹ԪڳһڣǸ棿
棬дտʼҲȷϣ·棬ҿ·֮Уնɱ͡Щӣ
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벻ӳ֮ԨҲ棬˵͸ҹȻնɱǬŵӣ
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Ȼ֪ݣĿǺ濴⼸ǧ꣬µľš
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Ȼʵԭǿ֮УһŮӡ
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濴Χ֣ϧϹŴĴӦȡʶػ£ϣκһҲϧ
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Χ˶㣬ոΪ֮ʣǼڸɱߣһȻҲˣΧֺ֮׹أҳˡ
Ǹڸ֣ҲǱ³ؼǶδŪһηġ
ֱ󷽷ˣڼҲٶΪܶǻʥܸоֶΣޱءĪġͨ
Ҳûκΰա
ԭɽȵ棿
ѪͻȻɫˣҼǵˣҵͬѪشϢйģиոɽ磬һ֧ħǱɣ
ҲЩ޹ŮӣǸˣһսͻȻĴͨϹڰա
֪һȥ޷Ըǹħ
û澹Ȼɽ磬һ֧ħţ
ս컯šǬҲòɣ
·ţŹȥǧ꣬ҲǧӣΪӦòͻɵۣǶ䡢ɵۣѾһܻʥĴڣ

ڵˣûһˣȥ档
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Щ߲ŮӣŹȥ汳ӰҲ޷԰Ρ
һ·棬ʲôۡӣ˲ͨɵ۾Ѿ̤Żʥǿ߰ء
λŮӣΧһԱǿ֮У·Ψһѵˡ
·ǸʱЩ棬δԺٴγ֣·˵𺳣


2872 սϣ
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Ǻ״ŵκλʥǿҲ
ǧǰӦɻʣ·֮ͻɵۣżǧ꣬һɵ۾Ͳˣ졢ɵۣҲڼǧͻʥ
ʵεȾˣ
洩ڵһ߲ǿǣ̲ס
ڵҲͷһϸ۲ĶΪǿ˽⡣
Ǹ·ţǧ꣬ͻɵ۲Ϊɵ۾Ͳˣȥȡ裿
ǣΪﻹ·棡
ҿ˰ɣ˼Ҹղ˲ϢѹɵۣʥǿߣѵɵۣвУ

ȥڶʱըˡ
ͨˣڵĲ࡭ӹĶ䣿
ֻʧҡͷ̾Ϣ
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ƯţȻѪ죺ĪСɽ磬˺嫵ɽʱգ˲
棬ҵ֪ɽ֮£̤ɽ磬Ȼɱȥɽ磬ɱ㣬벻ȻԼţñȥ㣡
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´ʮħǿɱ
Ѫ죬֣ɳЩ£ɱģ濴һʥħǿߣɫ仯
ɱ㣬㹻ѪһЦ

ʮħǿɱȾ³ħͬϮ
Ҫ˲䱻ħɣΪǺ
һЩ˷·ͲħǿС
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һ˲䣬ͷ
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һ˲ϢΧһ֮ڱħʮħǿߣȻһˡ
ħҲڰ֮У
ۣ
һͻȻʮħͷüģ˲ɱħʬ嶯һֻϢ֮䷢
Ϣˣʮʥħͷ֮£Ծ˲ɱ

ÿµٶȣȻɱħ绯ʥǿߣԷˮһף
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Ѫ쾹ȻΪ֣ճޣһ֧ħɽʿ棬ڶܸȤΪܺ棬ҿڴֶܼã
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һΣ治Ѫɳǿߡ
֪Ѫħͳ˧ħǿߣλݾǿ߲ࡣ
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ڵڣӡŮӣǿߣԱɱħһӰ
оǲˣһս񣬲ս˭һˣʮħǿߣȻɱȥ
⡢ⱲһҪ׷ޣ
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˵ŮӣڳӣԺҲǵӰһӶӡԺ
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ʮħƴͷħ޴ȻѪվħϣɱǧǰֱЩ޹˶ȥħǿߡ
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һֳ־޸ħͷǿߣһħ֮һħµǿߡ
ʮǿߣ趯ͷħգһħƱں˲仯Ϊǧ׸ߵħɷ˳
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ЩƬʩչȭЩħǿߡ
ħµǿߣͷһͽƬ飬ΧЩħͷͲˣʵֻͨʥ߶ȣԼħƬ÷׷ˡ
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޴ħͷɸߣͷźͷ
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ն
ɲƹһ֣Էʵʥ۷壬ɱɽ磬Ҫɱ޹İա
ۣͨһɫ˿ߣһӴ͸ħؿڣըһڴѪ


2873 ս£
ಣ
⼸ħɶԣħ棡
汻Уյƶڱǡ
ɱһ۷廯ʥħͷģ벻ǧܴ꣬ɻӵʥʵ
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ڣѾɽХˡ
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ȡǣ
ɱһƬʬ壬ǰǲסŮӡӡ
ǿ治ɱײħɷԽһħǿߣЩŮӺӶϣ
ʵ治
ۿܾˣ

ʮħƺɱףҪˣôħͷѵ޶ԣ
ʱһһͷѪճħ棬һħᣬǿǰ
ʥħͷ
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ڣĴΪ󣬾ϹҲȫð亹ͫš
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Ǵħǿһѷɱ
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߿֮Уħײ֮µ棬Χħ˶޷⣬˲䱻ħ顣
еɽħɷγɲɱ΢΢Ĳ滹żɺħѪ

ʮħǿͻȻˣǱָƣӰһΣιǣʮ˲ͷ¡
䣡
Χħǿߣħը𣬽ɡ
棬ˣҲȻסΣ򱬷֮һնɱһħǿߡ

Ѫ֮У˭ǵˣ˭档
ֱһɷײҲһʥǿٴν棬˶ýγʮײһ
ʵҲ֮һΧЩʥħͷɶħͷ
ǻ𣿡
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һ˶սħǿߣɽҲֻϹʱЩϹŴ˴٣
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˫֮ͫУͨʵǿħͷѹƣһνɱһһ׵˫ͫͻȻ䡣
ɱħͷһֲؿըһѪ
ٱʥǿߡ˱ɱһҪõʬ壬ŶԷˣһʩչº쳾
ͬʱΧͻȻһħӡץոջδº쳾ͱˡ
һ˲֣༸أ
һײٴνˡ
һħͷӺɱʥһٱ䡢Ľٱʥħͷ
úһ棡ѹ޹ŮǷֲħͷѪһпⳡΧԡ
ϴħǷ̫ǿ糷ˣ
ǿɱƴ߶ռͨܣʱ׳ƣ
СǷ
ܣʱ׼߶º쳾Ҹտʼûܰȫ뿪˵Ѫ죬ΧЩħͷΪﵽʥ۷壬ʵ࣬ڣҲ޷ߣ
ɱͨżˡ
Ǿһ뷨ӡܾҺ⣬һħͷš
Ǿ˲ܣԼҪɱȥǸܵġ
׷֮ۡɽӡҶδʩչδʩչʩչҲܴӴħͷǿ֮ɱȥ
ֻнƾͼƣʯ٣ѰҰ취˵ת
ģٶԽԽһδαħͷɡ
ˣ
ɽһţϧˣʥ
ڣ˽ܲ뵽Ǻ³
ܶŭϧǲɱȥΪÿ˶ףɱȥҲħͷ֡
ɽħɱ廹²ħ֣
Ҳ¶ֿϧٵʿִżΡ


2874 
ֻҪȥɽɻģ
һҪý£ɽ綼֪
Χ߲ǿǣҲû֮ǰǰĮ
ǵȷҪΪʿ룬²ܳȥһ֮ҲҪԼһ
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ħͷѪըһȫȾ죬ɳΧ漸ħͷʬ塣
˸ͣ£ͱһһԶǵħͷ̺ħɷȫס
ϴ󣡣Сۡ
Ѫ컺ڿն𣬿ˣ棬ɱǧħǿߣҪֱӽ֮ӣȥħΪħ嵱ţһгɾ͸УӴⱲӣħ֮УΪū
Ѫ죬㲻ɱңڵģӡ棬Ϻüɼǵ˿ڣĿһһ˿ɥ
Ѫҡͷˣʧʵ³˾ħ磬Ϊū㻹ףһڣҲ°뱲ӵ£Ⱳϣȡ±ұһƾеǿ߰ɣ
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Ī㻹ܴħӳѪЦ׾춯ذ𵴡
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濴ħͬʱٿΧŮӡͯ˼£ʹޡ
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һѪ̵ͻȻƬֻоһСǰ츳Χǧ˱ħ졣
ʧȥֻɲǣգۣΧһѪɫ磬Ӧʳθ㹻˶û⣬ħּ⾹ȻӲʯħɷΧûһ˿˿
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ħӰϮǼʥħͷ
ոսŮӡͯ඼Ѱ뿪ӣż˳֣ʵʵ£һš
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ǿ󣬺ɽûɽҲʩչɣ֮飬Ҫ£ƣѰһᣡ
ϢǳԵʥ֣֮ȫʢʱڣԼʵҲ޷飬οˡ
ڿʼںʥʬ徫ɵ˜
ʿ㣬ȥħԺħūһħͷǿעһһ
ħ磿
û⣬һ˼ָƣͬʱڽ֮ǰնɱռħǿʬ壬ͳͳڿʼնħֱں֮Уӵħħ档
뵤ҩ֮УЩҩдô
֪˶ãһħɷħڿռ䱬˾һ֮ǿƳڡ

侲ռڰʯ֮ڣһƬӰħ¶֣Ϣˣħ֮С
ħɽ磬ץ˶ˣ
оϤϢתħ֪ģȻˣӡŮӡͯ඼Ů뺢ӡ
Ƕһӡħ֮һţŲʮˣΧħǳԵħǸħͷѲߣǴ඼ɵۡʥԼʥ
ӦħʱһħϢһʱ䣬һڰ֮ſʼͷħħǿ߱Щˣһǿ߽ڰ֮š


2875 ħ磨ϣ
û˷ΪһᱻĴħ֣Եֱӱħͷħɷڡ
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ԥˣ
ž
ͻȻϣһħͷ֮ǰħڣרŶˡ
ҪߣҲҪȳһЩ˳ȥסĬĬڰ֮š
ѡȥħ磬Ƕɱһ·
ڰ֮ţ͸оһģֻǳʱϳ㣬ͻȻأһħ֮ڣ͸оһжһˡ
ħǸо࣬ħϢɽЩħ󣬸ӵı䣬ΧħͷǿûκɽϢǱ䡢塢аħ뿪ħ󣬿أĳյصĵԨ֮С
ûжɫʣԺڰΪκιߣѻڸ߿һЩųĴߣҲѻʱʱӸ߿Խƺһӵ棬޷԰Ρ
ΧŲٰ׹ǣħʿһɽЩħͷͬΧϢΪһ壬ʵǳԵܶħͷǻʥʥҲв٣мߣʵࡣ
ħʹ֮Уӭħ确ʥħ硯ӽ쿪ʼ˶ħū
һħͷ
ħͷ٣ǷֳһʮŮӡͯӷֳһȻǰһεĺɫɽ
Ŷ֮У𽥿Щɽû뵽Щɽ֮ϣһˡ
˴µģһ㲻İȻĵعߡħߡߡħ塢ħԼźħʡ
Ǳ𣬶ǵÿһߴǧףţȥޱ𺳡
ٵˣǵħ֮еǿߣԼȨߡ
𺳻ָܿЩļŲѻķħ֡
һʯ֮µɽٳһ״ڣʮɽΧһɽ󷽵ԶϡܿһӴһɫʯسǳء
ħ磡
濪ʼħΧˣûһϰħǱǱħѹϢ飬ֻǶħ֮Ϣ
ʿħ磬㣬ֻгʱȥħħԴӦ
һħϢ벻ֻһڣȻһֱ䡢Ϊصǳ棬ں֮󣬸о
ɽˮħϢǱıˮϢ֮кܶʣһЩа˽ѪħɲħͷںħҲ޷
һ̧ͷмˣ֮µһţΧħǿأʥҲС
ڲƺɽڿˣ޽һʯΣзӡһʯΣҪ뿪ܣǷӡʥΪħǿߡ
ԭʥħ磬ȻǸ֣Ҳɽ֣Ϊټħ֪ʥ١
һЩŮӱһǧ˾޴ĵ֮УȥǳʪоǲٵĹǺҲһЩѪ
ſڲδϣħͷѲߣһЩ˹ıȽ磬ɢģʹź
ֿܿ˱ħͷϳȥħ˺飬ʬƬԵһҲʣ
硣
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ԭħԨɣʥħ磬ħ弸ħ֮һҲѪءѪĵ̣Ϊǻ壬ܼʥǿߣңԶħ磬عЩƫԶħ磬ûôʥ
ħɽʲôߡħʽԳɱɽ磬ħѾɳ޷ħͷɽ磬ħսûдʵֻɽûʽϣħμϯ硣
ڲٹǺѻĽ䣬ϢʵԴԴϵħȬʵҲ»صٱ仯ʥ۷壬ҲӦħ
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ħħ֮Уλ֮ߣûǿʵҲܵͷĳ
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2877 極ǿ
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2878 ʥ÷ѩ
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2879 СĪа
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2880 ѪĶħ̥
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ڼ󲿷ˣЩħ̥ǶĵģǶԣЩɶһУѪģѪ޷ΪЩħ̥ʥȼģԶʥԼʥУĲƷ
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2881 ˰
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ССһڣȻʥӡš
ڻΪһħ󣬵ˣΪħʥǳԽʥĴڡ
Խʥľ磬֮Ϊʥ𾳡
ʥ𾳣
ĬĬһ裬磬ڳһ߾磬Խʥ
ˣҪɻʶˣͻɵ۸֮٣·棬ţɻʣҲֻٷ֮һˣͻɵۡ
ٿɵͻƻʥǾ͸ϼѣӻʥͻʥԽһѡ
һٱʥ򣬶ǾͷҲ;Žٱʥͻʥ𾳡
ʥ𾳣̤ʥ˵ľ磬ħ磬ʥվ۷Ĵڣǿ̫ϡ١
Ѫħ֮УойϢǳԽʥĴڣȻʥ𾳡
ǰħһʥ𾳵ħͷöɡ
ζţʥħ磬˷ħҲ޷ħ
һʥ𾳷ӡħʥ𾳿صĴڣԴϢŨңĪǱԭ˾
ʲôʥ𾳣濪ʼռ
֮£ʥħһЩŤֵĿ١
벻ʥ˰ԵħӡԼطͨӳӡӦþܴħ˰ɣѵһʥ𾳵ħͷӡ
ЦЦ֮󣬵ӡ߶ںϿռɱ俪ʼˡ
ʥħһӻΪ˹ȦָĿռһɫһˡ
ˣ
̤֮Уһʹħ
ǰһĳ֪ܵȣԴϢȻѪ࣬Ⱦ˳ôȻǱԭˡ
ϢܵԽ룬ӿ϶ľͷʥħıԴռڡ
ӣܵϢǱԴ״̬һƯڿռ֮С
ħ󣿡
ܵȣһħ
ħ֮ǰڵħ󣬸Ϊ
ӡ֮󣬿ռҲ¶濴ħΪһ㵭Ŀ
ҾŽٱ仯ʥΪǿħħǿһЩ
оħǳ£ӡĿռӲʥ𾳵Ĵ󣬶Ժ
ಣ
һִ̣ħ
ǰȻһܵڲԴѾ浽޷ݵĵزϤĺܣ뵱ȥƽ籾Դоǲ״̬
ȻǱԭˡ
𽥹ܵͷ
ŵ˴ԭҺζԼԭ˵ľ
ǰһϲĿǰټعȻʮɫǱԴԼֱԴʯ
ɽıԴ󣬾룬һʯԴʯ֮еıԭˣħ⡣
ԭˣ
ף
ϲ֮࣬ȻԭΧ
ϸ˵ħ̥
һħ̥ÿһħ̥컯ΪѪɫԴʯ֪˶ꡣ
ﶼħ̥ȻʥħǿߵɣЩħ̥ĳͨ
ʲôħ̥Ҳãһߣ
ԭǰǰħ̥
ħ̥ͷһΧȻձԭΪ
ϸϸħ̥澹Ȼӵо˵ĺڰϢָо޷ݣȻħаǿңƺδĺڰ
ħ̥Ӧõ꣬ڲž˵ıԴԼ
⻨
ԭʱһħ̥ħ̥֮ϣԼ䣬һ仨
仨·Ȼħ̥棬ħ̥漸ΪʯΪѪɫʯֻֻһӡǣĻ
仨֮⣬Ϊ仨ʶƺ
Ȼ䣬ӡǷǳأ趯צӣɫΪѪɺ죬о仨ԼѪݲ֮γɡ
ˣС˵ϲһ仨Ƕ仨ڤ֮УΪ˰
ֲãӳСڷ磬˵һĻ
С˵ϲһ仨ֻֻгڤ֮Уδ˼Ҳ֪ʲôãһֱС˵ı˰ʱû뵽Ĵڱ˰


2882 սʥħϣ
˰СӣȷǴ֮еı˰ֻˣӦòʮˣս׵һҲꡣ
֪˰
˰Ҳ˵ֻ߸ֻȥһûԸȥõĹŹ˵޾ڰڤ֮УŷǳаȰԺ壡˵
ϧֻһӡǣõҲûá
һ˰ʱԥ仨õȻС
ԭҪ
ûȥȡħ̥Ϊħ̥зӡҲ־ͻᾪӡߡ
ݣ
ɽֵ˲䣬ڿռͷž˵һâ⡣
ͣ
һնڱԭ뱾ԴʯϧֻһǳǳĽۣԭ̫Ӳˣо顣
£еĴԭҺԼԴ
ַ߶£뿪壬ƮȥĴԭҺЩ羫ͳͳС
ʥħ絮꣬һռ䱾Դϧħ壬Ǵ˻Ǳռˡ
һʱ
꣡
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Ͻͷӡںɫıԭˣڣ˲֮С
ħ̥Ҳٲǣ
ͷӡħ̥һڡ
ˣ
ȡħ̥Ҳű˰ӡǵħ̥ͬʱħ̥֮УȻһ
̫аԼ䣬ʶȻ㶳ᣬͨԪڲ
ǹĵ¾ȻҲԿ
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˵ǣħ̥֮УȻһһ˻Ƶˡ
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ȵͨӡȻѪˣʱȥǺˣ֣ǲʵܿʥħѪ崫ˣϻɱ㽫ħ޴ɶ㣡
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뵽ħ̥ڵĶ
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ϧʲô
ҿɲħˣҲʲôħĴˣѪ壿պÿΪյʮ۱𣡡
ˣ

ʮۡϹǸ֮Уǿ֮һ
ħ̥𺳵˵ħ̥ԽˣǱһ˰ӡǣ·Ҫţ̫졣
Ȼ֪ʮֵۣ溧Ȼ֡
ʵ˵ʮֻۣʶˣϾõС񣬻֮ԨʮĹһУǷʮ۵ġ
ħ̥ڵħʣȻ֪ʮ۵Ĵڡ
β֪ʮۣǸʱɽٴۣħûʮ۾֮һħս˵ʮˣħ֣֮ħ̥˵
֪ͺãʮ۴ϣնɱħ壬ҲΪ۱𡭡ģ߶ͨҪħ̥롣
䣡
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ۣ
ħɷͻأ棬Žٱ仯ʥΪ׷飬ħɷ֮Ѫ
һ·Ƥ֮ϣħɷϣͳͳħ⵲ס⽥Ϊһף¶Ļצѹħɷ
սף㲻õʮ۵ĴУõߵĴУħ̥ڵʶ⡣
Ϲħʶսף˿⣬׻ħֲ̥̫·׶޷赲
ˣȻս׻壬ɱɮħҲħǿ֮һߣҲնɱս׻壬Ҳܽս׵޷飡
ħʷЦϢͷħɷ֮ħ̥֮ӿħ̥Χ֣޷ӳȥ
ӳȥ
Žٱ仯ʥڣħ̥֮£ǶһҲܣǰħ̥ʵֲ̫
ħ̥ʶŭЦɣ㼴ȥΪսʥħħ֮Уһɽɽ֮㻯ʥΪʥ޷Ըڱǰţʥ𾳣Աת޵Ҳܽѹ
սʥħ
Ȼɽ磬˵֮еɽ֮һǿĴڣҲκ⨺ֵȼҲԶԶսʥħĶ֡
ۣ
ս׵ȷԵȻͦűħɷսĺۼսֻ赲ħɷ󲿷ֳ֮Ҳʥ߶ȣϴ͸սף级һûһ
ʱ״̬񱻴ӣһδδţ֪ܳܶٴΡ
ɣ
ս˵ˣס


2883 սʥħ£
֣취ΪҪһ֮ԭԼˡ
սʥħûƭ㣬ԶŵĹħ֮һɽɽֹ֮һɽ֮ĹһǿᣬսʥħԶʱǶĴڣû뵽յĹħȻˣħַ̥ʽתʽڳ
ǰһ֮
ǰսʥħĶ֣ͨߣǰҲķݣħĴħͷʥħյħ
ħ֮Σת֮壡
СӣԼ취ֻ飬ʶΨһܰǣǴ߶սף׾ںϣ߶ӡǣΪߣе˵ܸսʥħ
š
ﲻʲôܴ߶սףǾӡǣ
߶زѪͷӡǣֻħ̥ħɷ֮£ͻƱͱѹ顣
ǵս׻ΪͻһʱӴںϣͻƿʼᡣ
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Ķ˫ۣ߳һ΢΢ħɷһЩơ
УСǸ̥꣬նɱߣҲδĴڣսʥħҲԾĽ
Ҫɽһ
˭˵û취
֮ǰû취ȫħɷѹƣǴ߶ɽҲᱻսʥħ֡
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ΣȻЩߣǱҲʮּɵһСӣֻǵõаˣǻʥͷųʥ뱾ʿ⣿ħ̥֮Уóսʥħȫм״̬
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ȷ˫ӮҪԸսʥħȷ涯ˣʥ𾳵Ļ԰ߣʵ
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͵ģͫһ뵽մԭҺ£ǰ˵սʥħܷ鷨£
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Сӣ㾹ȻӵСӡ̫ˣյӡˣû뵽˻Եõһħ̥Ц
ħҲӡ
ȻħҲʥյ֮һӡһ־ħ֮Улˣ
ħ̥˳ֲħɷ
䣬໥գ¿ռҲ𶯣涼޷ſ˫ۡ
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׼ãСǧ
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ħɷѹƵ⣬ȴһ̣Ȼħɷ˶ȥƱ֮ǰǿ
ܡ˲Ϣȥħ̥սʥħš
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ಣ
֮£Ŀޱȣսʥħħ̥˳вµ֮С

ħɷɢȥͷȻˡ
ķ壬оڸղһ̣Աڿա
ɣϲ㣬Ҳսʥħʱ˲ãΪڵıԴħ̥ޣûˣ֪̣ˣҲǼΪǱ̾


2884 صʥĸ
ʰ̫ɱˡ
뿪ıԴܵ𵴣ػᱻʥħǿ߷֣սʥħʥħսҲǿɱѡ
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ҲߵĹ죡
ʮϢʥħϵıԴռͻȻһħ⣬ֻһֻѪͳħͷ߽̤꣬ħɷһʱȥħ̥λá
氡
һɽˣȻħ̥ѹ
ԭҲȡ
֪ͨǿߣܷŹκһʥħˣðϻ壡
˿ħ̥ʧԭ˱ȡߣЩħ綥ľͷζը
һһĳۣǿߣɱ˫ӿɭɭż鶯
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ʥħ
ʱΧﱾԴռ䣬Ȼһĵ׽͸Ů
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ʥħĽʵ֪εǿ󣬾ȥҲһɽ֮
ΪʥħоǸߣսսΧʲôûС
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컨ӡʧ֮ʥħɿ
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ıԴ⣡
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ӳˣ֮ǰڵӦɣΪʥ𾳵ħɷϢһ䣬ʱ뿪ʥħ磬պײǣֻʥħһɽʥǣҲԱ֮
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ռͨȥ⣬ʥħı֤Ȼһж̫ʯҲӡԭĪϵ
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ʥħһ治ͷһͻȻס·ӿռΧоǳʺ϶ɽ١
ѰһᣬӦںܾǰһսܶԨġ
ѰһΪʺϵԨʼô󣬿ϧĴͨԡϹݡڰԲߡ
ɹ֮Ŵսڡ
Ǻεȿռ䷨ҪȥҪȥ
ո¿ռ䣬Ϥսʥħټķռڻص
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ħ̥һ棬ŭɶСӣȻӵ˶޷飡
вŷɣµȷǵ񳬼ȰĪȥηΪϹŽƳķ۷ΪҲа취ת֮壬Ҳӵʥʵˣ
Ǹϲļһķսʥħʱһء
Сӣ
һâڰΪһɫͻ
ߵꣿսʥħֲмĺȵ
Ԫ̬Ưħ̥ǰɶߣʶҲ͸ŰԵսʥħ³أʥħİҲһ⸱³
ת֮壬ֻҪһͷ
ǰѭҵŵԣսʥħ
ãȴһ죬Ѿˣ
Ҫ᱾
˶ԻԱħ̥ʱħ̥һ·Ҫߣɱˡ
󣬻߹ȥһħת֮壬оһǳ
˵Σ̫֪Ȼת֮壬ԪΪҲʥ𾳵ĸ߶ȣʥ߶ȣܶ᱾ת֮壿Цħ̥ͻȻ侲
ò񡭡棬׼֡
ǲʵʵΪ𣬱޷Ĵڣûʵ᱾Цʲô
ĿԴɣ
ս⻯ΪһŴ죬ҧħ̥
ħ̥սʥħǰϽϧת֮壬ħ̥ڷӡ֮£޷

ûħ̥Уû뵽ħɷʮְԵħ̥棬ֵһ롣
ոսҲ޷ħ̥ħ̥ڲսʥħΪڲЦš
Сӣ֣ս׵Ȼκβһħ̥


2885 սʥħ
濴һĻҲǷǳ𺳣һж˵սʥħ̫ǿ󣬸ͲʥܶԸ
Ӧ԰취£磬һħ̥ǿΣ
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սʥħ㻹ŶãĪֻҪħ̥һ֣ͽħ̥֮С
ٶȣ壡ħ̥ڵսʥħһ¿ˮ̵ģ
Ϊͽˣ
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սʥħмʥСӣһӳȥʱҪǧУҪ㵱ҵū
һܹԸ㣬۾ɣ֣
һ޵޷ۿĴڣʱΪһӫƵĹȦƯħ̥Χ
սʥħǿԪôԸһｵһ
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ֶ֪ж಻һа취
ʵĿǰֶΣСǧԼΪصķ㡣
ɲͨӡǣֱӴ֮У߶һħ̥浣ڷǰ㣬ɴ𵤣ھͳԵˣܶ᣿
СǧĿǰΨһܶԸսʥħѵֶΡ
濪ʼʥǿʬ徫߶Сǧӳڣʵ
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һӳ֮ϡ
ԭֻһӫ֣ȻΪһӨҫ۵֣һɹصʼħ̥֮С
áùŹֵԪһʥܿ־ͷܿƵ
ʥħȻ֪ǺεڶԸԼħɷΪԵҪֹС
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һ̣ħ̥ϵħɷԱһ飬ħɷħ̥ƺҲҪǸ̵
Сӣ֪㲻ӵ޷δʵҿԺߺûһôǿ̶޷󣡡ڣħ̥ڵʥħˡ
мȻЦߺûкô㵱Сʥ˵ʥˣʵҪԶԶνɽ֮
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ʥħ̫С˽ӡʥֵ죬Ϊ޵еĴڣ̫֪˰ɣ
֪㣬ӵгԽʥ˵ĴڣûĻӡǰҲһ
棬ĻҪǰɱˣ
һȣս׵һͷʥޱȵͫ
սʥħԽħ̥ʧѾ桢ѹơ
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ֵħ̥ڲζħ̥ڱ
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ʥӿ£Ҳħ̥ڲһ̣𺳵ĿһĻϢĻ档
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ѪϷ·һѪɫĴǴ֮ϣһӼ
ǿѪɫټѪΪһ壬·ѪľɣһʮѪɫ磬˸оѪɫҪһɡ
ǸӼ
һѪ⻯ΪƤңԿһĺӣӤһԼӣѪɫںϣħ̥ڲ޷ݵ
ƺһҪѪ󣬶ɵ
˷ܵʥħת֮壬Һòٴһ㣬ͿԼɱ
䣡
һɹѪɫħɷӵһɺڰͻȻѪ֮籬ɱ
ҵ磬ǽ͵ӼڵսʥħȻƺ̫޷දһ¡


2886 ʥ
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ӫһ֣ͻأֳѪɫϷպ̾ӼʥħϷ
жǰ飡
߶񣬺嫶һײϯħ֮ϣײħ޷ɱ
һͿʥħת֣СǧҲ߶ϧҵ
˫ħ̥ڿ⡢֣졣
ڣֵ󲿷ӿսʥħԿаħԪ棬սʥħϷգڴ߶ԼǿԪ񣬷ֵӿ롣
սʥħ֪ҲȻãϧﲻʥħ磬ʥħ磬֪һԿҵ֣ϧ֮Уû
ħɷ֮£սڵ𽥱ƽսʥħ
սʥħһڿħ̥Ը棬Ҫ߶ǿԴԸ֡
ȻʲôˣڻʥͨҲʥ𾳣һЩҲδճͨˣɽ壬Ǹ壬Ϲʱڣħս֮Уɳǿߣʩչ
Ѫ֮еսʥħһꡢĺӣüһѪͫħһаһ׳Ѫɫޡ
սʥħͻȻХ棬ѵɽ֮УǸĵӲɣҼǵ⨺ˣ֣˾ʩչ⨺ʲôϵΪϢƣ
Ȼ֪壬֪⨺ǰһʱ䣬ħɷҪɱȥսʥħ
ǿߣԼ۹ûбʲ֪ģֹ벻Ȼ⨺ϲйϵŰɣ
ȻţĺúõģģԺ㣬⨺ǰ

սʥħŭţħӡڡѪ֮бҪԸ֡
ϧģԪħɷҲʧ
ǰˣս׻壬ȥսʥħԪԪ񣬱ýҵ֮УԱԪ񣡡
ʱˣսʥħԪ޷м֡
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2887 ҵľѪ죨ϣ

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ٴǰֲϢɱɽֱ࣬ʩչһȭâɱǵһشٴ顣
ʥ֮УŲٽƵں۴Уӵ֮һδ٣ҪҲɣ
һش٣һŻ׹䣬һ̺ڰħ磬ӭ˴Ϯš
䣬ڶشٿʼƬ߿սǴӿǧ֮ⶼܸоֲ
Χŵñߣǧ֮ڣΨһĸоٷ·Ҫضûˡ
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ڣΧħͷǿš֡𺳲ϡ
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쿴Ȼߣɱħͷ֮У
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ҪŮˣԶûǸʸ񣬼ȻˣҾץ㣬Ȼȥħɣ
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˲Ϣ楾ȻһŰ罣ɱħ


2888 ҵľѪ죨£
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ǶţҪӹУм񣡡ֻѪһʾ˰
һȥ߿գǰɽǰȻһƣɱкһྪ˽ʼ極ʵѪ컹һࡣ
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Īǧ꣬ΪŵĴߣ֪ˣʵǿᣬħǿ߽֣
ҲǸ߽λʥΪǵõĳλϴ裬ʵ
ܻ֮ɱħǿߣɽⳡƽƣȻת䣬ɱħâ

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һɽĴߣΪһ岻ŮҲΪҪɱħǿߣ
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ǲŻʥӵʥֲʵҼţӦһϧ˲֪ߵغ뱾յ;սҵУ
Ѫɱħɷӡ
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ÿµķȻһЩܸҴвѪһһն

һɱպڰɱһײ֮󣬴󷨱ĳʱˣĪаȻʵҪ΢΢һأһͨɰ֮⡣
һɵĪаһѪȻǿ΢΢Ž⣬һɳⱦ
ȻǺý
ѪһЦ̽ǰŽ̫뽣Ϲʱڣ̫ʱǻᣬΪǿķ֮һ
̫ʱǰҾһ˵ĴڣҲʵ֪̫ɽĴڣ̫뽣ɽ磡סεĪаֱۼⶼ΢΢š
ǾȻɽ磬Ϲʱ֮УΪǿķ֮һ̫뽣
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Ϊϵʱ֮һǸʱΪʢʥأ̫ţ̫ʱһ磬ϧϹս֮У̫飬ųħ֮У
̫뽣һ̫ţħԨȻħǿõ
̫뽣ɽ磬ΪϵɽͬĴڣɽ̫뽣Щһ֣

ڲٵǿߣΪ̫뽣ĳ֣̾
ǵı񣬺˵ַΪβɽ磬ǳΪħǿ߷
ĪѪɽôãδʩչ̫뽣еĹӣҴвңܱƳʩչ̫뽣ħ綼٣
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ЩһֱšѪעΪɾȻղ汻УѪΪҲԻ⡣
̫뽣Ѫ죬ȻӲɱܽԼĪа硣
ʵ̫뽣ںϣǿ


2890 ˮ
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Ͼħţ꣬ɽŶ޷ɱǴȥͳħǿߣ
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˵ʱʱ죬氲ڰͻȻؼӰ

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֮ǰڱԴĿռ䣬ղٴԭҺҲϴ衢ƽ籾ԭˣʥ
ֹ۲ءزء˲أвٿռ仯Ϊǳ״̬ؿڵǳͼȻһǿҿռͨ
ĪӡǳͼҲ̺˿ռͨڣ̤ʥӦؿӡǳͼɱ䡣
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Ҫ׼ãٸһЩ˜ûеҩʵ治˵


2891 δ֪ħ
㣬ЩڱһֻˮڣûʵĻ޷ųȥģҩ󷽸
һֻˮС˼ںϵҩ԰ú˺ôȥȫħ
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ʩչöɲΪѪħ̥֮󣬵ʥֱöɲ֮С

оöɲڻһ㣬ֱĳУ뷨󱾾ԭںϵٶȣҲԼӿһЩ˲ǳٶҲȻӿ졣
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˜Ȼɱ䲻٣ڻսʥħħ̥ʱҲȱ
ǰǸóȥˣ
ʵʥһٱ䣬ĸ߶ȡ
ʱ䲻࣬üʱعɽ硣
һſֲʥ𾳵ƣֱӽױ˼Ǹóȥˣս׻㣡
ս״ķɳϡ
ӴսףҲߣӭµԺҲ֮ʿһӡ״̬˼䡣
߶˲ϢޱȵĺˮθθҺӵڻʥĸʴ
Ȼ֣Ÿڣƺûˣ
ô£ˮ󡾹Ȼˣʲô
ͣ
һһ֣иϣгһӣмг⣬гһͨ
߳ͨ˲䣬˶ˣǰȻһģ⳾Ưĺڰ磬ããһƬؿ߿ռ䣬ҲŲħʬ壬еʬ廹ȡ
濴һӣѵħ֮໥ɱ
ǰɣ㿴Щħʬ塭ָʮħʬ壺ħʵǻʥ붼ʥǿڣɱʮͷǿħ֣ʯߵˣҲһħ֣
ƺϢ֮УһɡʥϢ뿪ˮʬ壬ӴħʬʱȻһɣоϤϢһԡ
ǰֵطȻԣǺʥϢ͹ˣħǿߣȻҲӵԣǲʥҲš
ϢǱߴģȥ
ӣӿٶȡ
ƹħʬ壬һټ䣬Ӧĳħ־סĵطΪɢһЩëѰҵëǴ⼸֮ͷųġ
ë
֣ϸһЩëÿһһɶ೤ڽɫȣëԣħɷϢ
ɿЩëֻëȻԣаħɷܲëֻ
߻ǿߣ֮Ӧ֪
ӦһַǳǿޣҲĳͨΪǿߣӵԵľģϧħ֮УϢ̫ӣһʱҲ޷ֱ
ãеͷҲĪ
ޣ
ǿߣЩëܿʵʥ𾳣ƶǶ֣һںһ̻˺ӣϽߡ
ʵҲоһɲϢţôħֶɱɼھ
ͣ
˻δ߳δ֪ʯͻȻڰĿ֮УѪȡΪڰħϢȻһЩǡ
ָо˵һϢһ˲ɽ·ĳǿʩչϵࡣ
ħϢͫһɻϵоȴ
ϽӣһǾˣ
ҲʵʩչԽʥٶȣһٱʥǿߣϽϵħϢ뿪⴦ɽ
ಣ
ӺĵĶڷɳ˲䣬ͻȻоԼһĺڰԨ硣
ǰһУǻɽ緢֮ɻɽҶѻɵ磬ڰϢ֮жǻΨһȷǣȻħ磬֪ǲʥħ硣
һʥħ磬Ϊӵʥħıԭˣʥħ磬һܲ
ٿɽû뵽һɽǿɽڣⶴӦһɽڣܿɽ֮µĺۼ
ʿ𣿣һ˻Ȼ䲻ӳڰ紫
˭
ͷŸӦʥӦѾԸӦ
ŵ˵ʥӦܸӦһɽ磬֮һﲻħ磬ĸӦΪˡ
ӦͷţܸӦΧһٶȻųȻһ޷ݵغڰ޴ڣǿӦֻܸӦ
뱾ӿǲ֪һƬڱĵ𣿡


2892 صķ
ɣ
Ŀ֮Ͷ䵭ľ⣬һ˲ǰ
濴ȥʱ
Ǻڰ֮УȻһƯӰӣǧ׾޴󣬿ƾһֻǰպӰ֮С

ԺΨһͷһٱ䲻ʥΪȻ޷ӦĴڣȻһͷԽʥʥʵĴ
Сӣͷﲻ֪ǿ󣬹ƺܴܣֻһսַ޹֣ٶģпռٶȣҲ޷Ķ֣
һսԶȻ볬սӾӰɡ

ⲻ֪
ͻȻſһ磬˾˵Ĺ
ռڰϢڰΪ磬࣬ǿϯ㹻˺Ѽڵһʡ
Ӱɡ
˹ƣ
һεһ̾Ʒǳɥսʥħʥת֮壬ӵǿʵ֮ǰԴ䣬˵֮ԸǿУһսǴ
ʥ𾳵ٶȣ˿
޴ϯţ׷ɱ籩ռ䶼ʵ˺ѣɼɷ籩
籩׷ƨɣٶһ㣬͵ñ籩֮Уǡ
ð亹ɪɪ˵Сӣҿǹʵʥ𾳣˵óֶΣ֣ΪѾӵпɽ֮Ϊ
ɽ֮Ϊʥ𾳣Ŀ࣬Ǹδʩչ
ʥ𾳣Ǻǣʥ𾳵ȷǿߣϹţʥҲһ㿴ɽ磬һʥ٣ʥҲ̫࣬ʥ𾳸ټÿһɽʿ
֮ϻо粻ɣ
Ȼʥǲʥ磬ʥ˾翰Ϲʱ񾳣ʥʽʥ˾磬ʥʼʥһܴʥ˵ľ磬ǡʥ
ʥ
Ȼһʥ
ԭִڣʥǿߣͻʥ𾳣ܳΪɽ֮
û뵽ʥ֮ϣһʥ
ʥԶʥˣҲԶʱڵĹ񣬷ޱߣǱ㣬һܸӦһɽ磬ʥ֮ϵĴʥһͷܸӦǳǿɣ
ʥһͷӦɽ磡
ʥһͷԸӦһǳ
̿ˮԵ̾̾
ʥԶŵĹ񾳽磡
Զڴ˵ʥȻһ̤ʥǰһ̤ʥ𾳣ʥ֮оʮһܴʥʥʮʥҲֻܳһʥһԪĴڣȥҿʥĴڣ㿪ʼδʥ˵̲꣬סһۺ
ĪǷǴʥĴڣľٶʶðһ仰
ǴʥҲʥ۷Ĵڣ֮δʩչȫߣ˷ʵɱϣ
ʲôʱʥʥ𾳶ˣ
ӣϽӣ
桢ֵСŴ˷
쿴
ɳǧ֮⡣
һ˫ŵͫͻȻʲô
Ǽˣ
濴ǼͷϤħ֣һȺǿһһֵľɽɱһɻ棬ա
֪ˣֲϤħ󣡣һЩͿħǿߣֳɼħ
໥֮ħ໥ɱ
ͬʱһ棬Ⱥħ֮зա
汻ǹɻ棬ʱħ⣺һɽϢƺǹɻ̺
ǾʲôطˣǰǴħǿߣħ󣬺󷽻ع׷ɱƴˣֱӳȥùЩħɱҲħǿ߶Ը˳ץħǿߣѯ﾿ʲôط
ϹŶ֪Ҫʲô
һɽĴϢǻҲźڰħɷô֣̺ħɽĻ棿
ԽǿԽǱǹɻ
໣
һͷħͻȻХΪ˿
ηģһЩħͷҲ桢ٷƬ档
СģǺħЩɵľٹ
һЩħͷɳһʥгԽʥĴڡ
һʱҲֵĺڰӰסˡ
ʲôطʥǿߣʥ٣гԽʥʥħͷǶѪ졢ħּǿߣ淢Լ̫СһȺ֮С
Ϲ𣡣
ħͷԦͨɱյһŻ档
䣡
ͬʱһͷħصǶǣײ桢ǿ
𡭡ҲҪ
﷢̰ѪɫͫͻȻӺڰ֮Χȡ
ǰǻܲȻ̺ħɷҲ̺õ֣ǿһͨ
ǲһʥʥǿħͷȥĻ棬ҲǷǳȡ


2893 ٵ
ȥȡ棬׽ħʿŪʲôطҲǳҪ
˵꣬һȥ
ûʥʵҪȡŻ棬һѡȻ̤ʥǾͿʥʵжԵ
濴ڶħͷΧɱŻ棬ûħͷΪЩͳͳõǹɻ档
ݣ
籦ʣȻǹػ档
ϣˣ̤ģոΧħͷǹɻˣּɱɵӿƣΪһħͨɱ档
׷ۣ֮
üĳһѪѹâ
ͣ
߲Ԫ׷֮ڲϵںϣɱħһ߳ɱ
žžž
һħȷԵħͷʥǿߣʴħͨҲӵʥ߶ȡ
߳׷ɱһ׹һħ·ϣħըûΪƬ
׷ֽ٣޼᲻ݣ֮ħըѣͨҲ֫Ƭɡ
㡭Ϣɱħͷǰ
ˣ
ħͷû뵽濴ǸͨʥħɷҲˣû뵽ʩչͨʵ˺ˡ
ϧոձִ߶״̬ʱΧħȻˣħͷͷּңӴһĨĽߣ·߽Դи
ɱҡħ硯ǿߣ
һĻʱּŭħͷħͷΧ棬ӿѪɫħ֮ʣһ׳˶Ϊɶ߾ˡ
ԭǾħһǿߣ
ಣ
ռͨɲɱ˵ġ
޴󻯵ħͷոɱһϯƮȻַʤѾԽһħͷ
ʥħǿߣ沢δ߶º쳾ھ֮ǧʱӡȹڵĿռ
ϢӰʮǿߣȴֱʮǿЩͷųϢȻʥħǿߡ
һʱúܷǳ֣ƺ⴦ħħһǿߣƺ౦оɽߴء
ҵˡ
ֱһɻˣյˡ
һ֮࣬ŷֿ֮Уһħ𣬿ʼǺǿʢַ״̬¶̫£ƣҲҪն
ǰһħ֮УԼܿһħݺУʥƿˣħƺһλ档
ȻħɷΪҲɽϢô£֮ǰǷħ֣ҲһɲħϢħҲһЩɽ
ĿͬʱΧһħɷͨµİգԽʥ
Ͻս׻壬ٿһħͷ֮УȻжʮԽʥħǿߡ
ʥ𾳣
Щħͷħİ²սʥħֽĴڣҲһ֮֮ϵĴڡ
ʥħɷͨǲٿӡצӡϹħ棬ķҪȡħ棬ǷɡΣǱƿ
ħǳ֮еʥħ澹ȻҲ̺һ޷ݵͨƺħ𣬾ȻʩչһЩֶͨΡ
ħ󲻷ܵõҵöɲܻΪöɲ³Խħ֡κʿ
ԭûκλᣬʥ𾳵£õħ棬Ǵʱ뿪ȫˡ
ʥΪһٱ䣬ȥʥǿᷨȻ쿪ȴû֪Ѷˡ
ʥħͷӦʵӹɣһɱȥȻԵõħ棬ֻг䲻⡭ʩչռֶΣֱȥټϱԴ֮ӡ£ħѹ
ʥ޷ǰᱻײˣȻЦ֮󣬾Ȼ߶ӡԼʥħ籾ԭһЩ
ˣ󷨱֮£Ŀռ䡢ֿ⸽ռ˿ΪǳȻǴǿҲڲٵطγĿռ
սס
пռͨħҲᱻˣᱻʥС
սҲƤ֣һŽơ
º쳾
׵棬ڸַͨں£ȫ汬ԼĿռͨ
ʧڳħ֮£Ȼռ֮Уٶ
飡
һɿֲ˺ħ⣬ͻȻ˿״̬µĿռǳ֮УպôħС
ʱս׵ĲֳˣϹʩչķ
ħսףֻǽ
ʥһٱΪ߶սѾԿס󲿷ʥĹơ
һʥ𾳣ҲԸв
СռǳͻȻ֮ͬУȻռʧˡ

֨֨֨
ûнռ״̬µ棬صʵռ䣬ѾħΧħյԪ񶼿սȻȵȻв͸ڡ
忪ʼͣ·Ҫը


2894 
⡢ħȻʥ𾳣Ҹоħʵսʥħ֮壬ôǿ󣿡˿Ǵ粽Уռͨ޷ʩչ
ΪռͨͨͷųģħյΧռκʧһͱյ˲ˡ
Һսױ濪ʼʩչƻ棬ҿǰǿֲħ棬˲
£
׷ۣ֮
ӡ
Ϊ˶ԸΧʥ𾳻棬潫¡׷֮󷨱ʩչӡ
뾡취ħ棬޷ʩչκͨΪħԽκͨδ뿪壬ͱյûΪ̡
ħûԵˡ
ͬڻϿһʹܣѾʼҡͷ¶ʧΡ
ͨоΣһٱʥʵҲ򵥣κ磬ʥΪܵһ
ϧԵʥίʵ޷Կ

ͻȻţ뿪ħͬʱ
Ȼһϵڸ˵
Χʥ𾳼ħͷħ棬˭
ٿ
ɲǣһɿֲĺڰħ·ͻȻһħγɵĹ˴˫ſʼС
εȵ
ħû棬֮࣬ΪħޱȻһ̣ħ֮е棬Ȼоκεʹ࣬аħ⣬ֻŵͷš
ͬʱħ棬оͬʱһɽʥϢҲĥ֮͸
ħ·ȻǷħ⴩͸˷棬ǧķ棬Ȼһڷġʯˡ
ƺúʯ̶ɵʯˣϢȻϷħһһһ
ĪϷħ
һᣬˡ
˹ħ˲·档
ת˲ˣվںʯǰ
̲ס˫ͫһǰĺʯһߣһǺɫģ͸ħħɷ
ţ֪꣬ΧԼһЩżϧԱ˷֮С
ڵһõϿɵĴߣˣӵɡħУˡߡѴϹ񣬳޾ķ֮У
ʯ˷ϵ·Ȼò˵ȴǳ
ߣоǳ𺳡
벻˭Ҳ֪ϹʱߣкϾꡣ
Ϲʱ̫ңԶ޷£ܲ³Ӧɽǿߣֻħ̫ãħʴϾߵϢ֮УʮֹϵɽϢ
ʯˡߡ·һ˵ڴˣ屻ħ縯ʴʶҲ챻ħҲΪ㣬˱𣬴Ϣ֮УҸоһʶǱʶȴĴߣ
ǰ治ףһμߣΪ˵ʶ
ˣͷųҽ࣬ûбħ縯ʴи㣡߷·΢Ц
ǣǰ
ûԥ֪һΣ
ͷųӿߡ
֪ˡŽӴԽ
ˣ
һɽ˵꣬ڣƣͷųââ
ݵһֻĽһɽڷɳȥ
ɽһ̾红ӣΧȥڻȸԾعĸ׻
⡭
ͻȻ뵽ɽڲ̺ӡǰǿߣΪߡ
֮ϵ֮ǰһͷûϸϸȥ롣
ɽڼˣʥ˴ʣԼͨ㣬ħսܣɽǣˮ֮磬ӡ
ȥߣһ̾Ϣд
̲סʵѵɽǰģ
ţɽҵ꣬ʥ˹Ҳ̫ŻʥµһЩʣӡƶɣ̫ͨŻҲʥˣɽӡרΪӡƣҪδѹһЩڰû뵽ȴɵˣӡͬ
ԭˡ
һ˲䣬ʹߵĻõྪ˵Ϣ
ɽȻƣһУʥˣӡʥ˵Ϲֻ̫ؾ
ֻ̫ؾȷǿ󹦷󣬰Ĺͨ
оߣħս֮ǰӡ޹ء
кܶ׵ĵطȻһЩϢ滹һͷˮ
޵𣺡ʥӵеĴУɽܿڣõۡʮ۵ĴУоʥ˵̫û뵽ܵõ̫ĴУһʱǽʥ֮µĴڣ


2895 վ̫֮
ۣ
ʮۣ
̫壡
߾ȻܿǿߵĴ𺳵ǣ̫廹һʱڵ
̫ѡ˴ߣۡʮλǿߣǵĺ󱲣Ӧ˺ħս֮У
ǰûλǿߣΪ֪ǣ
̫ãҵõʥһЩУӵһЩδ֪ܿһЩŷ£ϧй¶ȥһжעģǿһЩҲȥҡ
ԭˣ
Ҳֻ̫ؾ㻹õƺ«ڻӡˣȻõӡʥΪ
ӡ
ƺ«߿ˡ
ддһĵһ˿ܵ
κ⨺˶޷һ㡣
ӡѾʼںϣû뵽ʥӡںϣֻʥ𾳲ܿʼںϣ˴ʥںϵ̶ֳȣСӱȻѡĴڣ
ͬһĶ̣ԽУӡСӣ㾹ȻõɽıԭˣԼʥħıԭˣһʼں󱾾ԭˣСҪ֪ԭ˿Ǳӡں򱶵Ĵڣ
˲Ϣһɻ󣺡ӡʥˣķӦǿģԭܳӡ
Щܣʥ֪ģֻе˴ʥܿһעΪʥǰĴڣҾ͸㣬磬̵ʣǱԭˣӡƵĲϣһ־Աԭˡ
ԭԭ˲
ǱȻģԭʥļ¼Уһ֣Сԭʯ
ԭʯ
ɣħ硢ɽ硢֮Уܴ󣬵Ϊϵʱʱǻһ֣ûɽ磬ԼԼʣȵһЩʣǻԭʯԭ˾ǻԭʯһ֣ӵлʱԭ˾Ϳʼγʣղγ硣
û뵽磬ġ
ϸĽͣûоԼʱһֻ֮ܡ
ԭ籾һƬ磬֮ûɽ磬ʶûУֻлԭʯҲƱԭ֮ʣγ貣ḻ硣
䣬ںϵĲǷӡǻԭʯԭ˾ǻ֮һصԭʯʥ𾳣ҲںϱԭˣʥҲں֮һʥǸ磬Ǳ꣬Ҳֻǿںһ֣̫Ҳǡ
˵·Ǻʯ£һ˫ͫϣȴʥ뱾ԭںϣǾ޽еģҲһģֻʥˣʲô֣
棬ݼǰ
˿̣¹һϹʱǿߣһԵľ⡣
֪߷·𿴼ˣַ·𿴲Ϊصʵ
ħ磡
ħ磬վڵȴħ磡
ǣ
̫ţ
׹̫ʱʱ۷壬ʱǿĴڣɽǿķ̫ʱšššš컯šǬŵȵȴԴ̫ʱ
ԣ㻹֪٣Ƭأǡ̫ţ
ĵ˵
̫ţ
漱æ˼ſʼĿ⣬˷̲ס૾Ǵ˵֮е̫ţҡȻվ̫֮ϣ
̫ʱԼĽ£ţһ㣬ųֱķ档
ʣ̫ʱ
̾Ϣǰ棬վ̫֮ϣʥˣ̫ţҲվ̫֮ϣǺߣ·ˣվʥˣվĵطڤڤ֮УҲһִУ
侲䲻ʵΪ̫š㣿
ϸϸˣҲܸʷˣ٣ȴǾʷˣʥ˿Ҳɽ磬̫ţ̫űһߵĶռ䣬һɽʥΪߵγɸĿռ䣬
ʥԼǿ̫ԼһУֻ̫ؾӡȵȣʥĶ̫ΪԻ͵ʱҲһɽ磬ǿߵһɽ硢ʱգڵ磬̫ʱǿߵģϧʥʧ̫ʱ˻ʱڡ
ǻʱڣûʥ򣬸ǿΪȨɱ̫Ѫɺӣ̫Ϊ̫ɽȻ׹޾ڰ֮УҲڵħ硣¾̫ɽǿߵʬ壬ŵǿߣ޷ٴһڰԨ̫ɽ֮Զѹ棬̫ţ
һ⧲׼˽⵽̫ʱĹȥ


2896 
û뵽̫ʱģ
˵棬ҽи㣬ͿõҵĴ󲿷ּ䣬ҵļ䣬˽⵽̫ʱʱ䲻࣬ħǿ̫߳ţȡϹʱı飬ֲ˶ã
ܾǰôиңֻҪʶҾܰǰ
ллĺ⣬ϧ̫ʯ׹ڰ磬ͳ޾ĺڰԨκ嶼ںڰ֮£ʶ̫ɽںһ޷뿪
ħǿߣԼ𣿼Ȼǿ͵Ҳ뿪
Ϊ̫ɽ̫ãƬڰԨҲΪΪռ𵴣Ѻۣħħǿڲ̫ţЩ̫ʿΪڴˣꡢӡֱġˡѾ̫ɽӡһҵģͷ
ǡ
һЩȻ˹治˵ʲô
ӡͷų
ڴˣӺʯߵڣӿٹ⻷ɽ֮Уâڡ
ߴеͬʱ˵ħ繦ҾͲڰɽȲӡҲǳԽ󲿷ĴڣһҪȥˮ֮磬ų
ħ徿Ϊδսһܾþ뵽⣬ûʵ
˵Ե̰һ̰ȥɱˡ١ֶΣһ̰ͻ뾡취û׳ԼʵҲ壬ֻҪӷͨԼˣǾ壬Ȼһ壡
һ֣
Ǿʥ˲ſʼ̫ʱ֮ʥȿ࣬һЩ࿪ʼȥⲻͬ棬ܣΪʱط򣬻δʥ˵绹ûзЩȵ࣬ǳˣһ˾ܻǧ꣬ߣ׻ꡢʮ꣡
˲Է磬ܻϰ꣬Ѿˣ
ΪȿķˣϹʱʥ˿ʱգɢĸʱ绹δΪ硢ɽ磬Ը߼һ֣󲿷ַû֮ĻȥԽԽеγаʶΪνġħ
ħ˵
ħʵˣԵȱݰЩ̰ħǿԽԽ󣬺ħǿʼ塢ħ壬ֻǼٵһħˡ̫࣬в塢ħ塢壬űħս嶼޹ģҲԶ塢ħ塢塣
û뵽ġ
޷֪̫ţ
ֵ֪Լħսиоġ
δʲôͽЩˣи㣬еĲֻйʣµΨһǵ飬ߵʱȥҴҪģֻأˣ棬׼ȥ
ߴƺûжԼоȴһ̿ʼð
ݣ
ɽһڡ
ǰԤеʲôȻкܶʣ滹ȹ¡
еһֵļ䣬ӽǣԾ˵ݣȥȥɣҲδкܴãһЩҪס̫ɽ֮ǰһɺа·Ҫ̲̫ɽʥ˵һҪ̫ɽΪ̫ɽʥмǡ
мǡ
߶֮Ժγӡ
䣡
ϢߺʯϴĹҲԶʧˡ
ʯߵ壬һ̷飬ϹƵģһɫƬ׹䣬һɫ
һ׷ԲԵߣߡ
ЩɫƬƾνԨ¸ʴߵʬ壬γɺʯ״̬
¡
δ̫߽ɫҲˣΪĿȻһΪ̳ȥ
֪ΪΣһ̣ΧܸӦߵϢƺʶȷӡ̫ɽ
ˣȡϷҾ͸ûعɽ磬δʥʥʵٻȡ̫ɽ
˲ΧʧħٷϷ
ಣ
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ӣ
һħǴ֣֮һӡǻӰѹ
Сӣģһʥ𾳷ǳħͷʵǿޱȣץסħͷ׼뿪ɣûȡֻΪϲߣ۵Զ


2897 ʥ
ߵĻ飬Ҫںϡ
ץɽͬʱʩչս塣
Ϊһ̣ʥħǴ֣ѪܵħɱǷյϷ
ʱĳˣһһһٱʥҲûֱɡ
ۣ
ʥΪս׻壬ȴʥ£޿֮
飬ǿΨһʣµ
Ƶ棬սױ£ץɽ
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ϧһź󷽲ʥǿ߼ԦΪӡ磬С
ಣ
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ħܿסգû뵽ɽ֮£һѿ
СӣħķҪ֪̫Žбһħ繲ͬƲκ˲˽ԴһУһ˲̫ܽŽأǻǿߣߣʲô
ʩչħǴֵľħͷԶŭ
һħǿߣòô꣬ĥܣտѹȻ˽غ
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꣡
ħ֮Уܻ˳㣬㱻ֱӸûˡ
ټϵĻ֮Уһ󣬶Ƥ·ڷա
Сӣû°ɣԶȻǿһĻ
ǰģѾõĴɣһ̡ҵõ̫ʱǿ
֮е棬δоһ˳죬ӿڵĻ棬ڷա
ϡʮȫԪ񡢷ͨѪԼһš𡯡
ž
ڿʼͱըѪڣ涼޷ƣͫ¶һ˿⡣
Χǿ߲ɱһΧƣڣ٣ƲһΧ汻ѹһʥħͷҪȫԸ
¡
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£߶öɲڴʱʥöɲѪȻﵽ˰
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ͻأںϣڷ·ÿһѪ⡢䡢ѪϾڷ֮УʻδӿƤͱܻմ
Ӵҵöɲöɲ
ǿУϸϸȥܣںʥԭöɲںŴɱ䣬ǳɣﵽӵҲԡӴ˾ͲΪöɲӦǡʥ塯ǰҴ컯
ʥ壡
Ӵʱ˿̿ʼöɲöɲͳΪ˹ȥõߵĴУԼʥںϡ
ߵĴߣӵӴ˱ʥ塣
һЩߴϹż䣬֧ӿԺϧֻܷӡ޷ںϡʥںϲҪģһںߵҲܼԦʥ𾳣
ʥ𾳣Ȳ
磡
СӰǧ£ӵгԵĶʥħͷҲӵġ
ʧĻΧһСͻ·١ħĹƣڱϰħͷ׷ɱ
̫ȥ棬ϧħͷնɱһЩˣѲס

ʲôӣ
ʥħͷ룬ûʥ𣬶ʮʥħͷֳַָһֻӴСӡ
£
һʥħͷɱһꪣаԵ£ҫ۷ײҫ¾Ȼ˿
ħͷզѣ
ⲻͨһǸ߼Ǵ֮УĴڣ
һħͷʥͻȻǸСӲˣǿʥ˳
һʥ𾳶޷Ҳ޷ô﷨ȡֻһνŶһιӡ
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һħͷͣеͱͷڹ꣡
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Сӣɣ̫ţһʥأմرҲձħʴⷨǳȻϧʱһһҪʴģħͷȻ޲顣


2898 ʧ
ٿ
˶ǣͻȻһɹ⻷ʹӹ⻷֮£󷽷ڶʮʥ𾳴ħͷ롣
Ȼ˵Ҫʴŵ
ħͷǿЦѡ
ȴδһ£Ϊ侲Χһʥǿߡ
ֺȻصЦϺܶˣԾԼģ˶Ǳڶ壬˰ˣ֪ʥ𾳴ħͷʵкǿ󣿡
Īǡ㻹ҵȽ֣ƾһһٱʥϣһħͷЦ
棬һ֮ǰһħݺ׷ɱɱ
һħͷüͷԭ棬ƺǸħ磬ȷûˣУЩԲͬħǿߣһ֪
֪ǷݷɵİգһЦǰʰЩСħͷòǰ֣һȺСϺװˣ
ʲôʱˣЦҪǵ˵󻰣Ǳʶ棬ʥħͷ֡
ҲһʥħͷǶʮ
˵СϺף
ڴħͷŭɶ
ӻӦνɱţǰűǣԸЩСϺף⡣
棬ЦЩʥ𾳣ΪĴڣǺܵġ
ȴʼͷϢһ̣ϵġʥϢȻ֮ǰͬ
СӣΪΪϢʥҲʥĪʥ𾳣ΪҲûʥ𾳵ƣ
ʱ׼ֵĴħͷֽעƣӦԾùŹ
𣿡
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Ȼ
æչӦӦƣȷûʥϢѵںʥʥȻʥ𾳣
ܰɣ
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ô£棬ϢȻûһ˿˿ѰܸӦľϢԶҲʵ
Īڵأӵʮ֮󣬰֮ǰһϢˣ
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ƭԼ
ѵΪʮһԵʣ޵ʮ֮һоͱˣľ粻һˣ׿ġ
ʮֻǿߣԾ忴͸ҵΪϢȻڣ֮ǰɵۡʥʥžѵںǰĴԼйϵ
һͷͻأϮ
ԺĳߣԼʥӰӡ
硢ʵ仯Ϊõߴ֮ɱ䣬Ҳֻһ͡
ı仯ߴġ
ǰв˼飬һʱ޷ںϣڡҾ֡ľδ֪״̬ڴħͷһս
ƿʼԽϤЦü֮·ȼգϢȻΪһֻɫ״̬ɽƵ֮ҲħԺڰа
ݲʱҲˣ֮ı飬иղŵ𣡡
һħͷҲʥƣһͷ
ϾȻ΢΢ʥƱ汻·Ҫɱ
Ŀڴħͷϣƿһӡǣ͸ŵ
Ȼһ裺ӦþԵعµǿߣΪعЩħͷ
䣡
ħͷʥΪ

磬ȴ¶˾֮ɫȻʥƿ޷ԿĴڣȴ޷ɣҲ޷˺Ҵʱƣ˵ҵƣҲƲȥ
֣СϢΪ죬ƺʵҲ֮ǰһٱʥΧħͷɫԽһ
װŪˣһͷ㣡߳һħͷ趯ͷȻһ
ħͷɱףһͷ߸߾𣬵ħɷ̻ΪһĴͷͨն档
ȭ죡
沢δܣȻȥȻռ£ձһȭĿ֮£ȭͷɱҫâͷ
䣡
ͨײһͷһ֮޷ݣ׽ȭâ顣
Ȼ˲䱬ըͷȭâʵͨһ飬ƬڰպɣħͷԼ棬һɰ֮⣬顣
Сӣ
ܣ֮ǰʵֻһٱʥʵΪΣڶ̶̼ʱɱʥ𾳵ĸ߶ȣ
ѵ֮ǰһֱڶΪΪľǶȡ𣿡
Χһڴħͷˣȫû뵽߲£
ЦЦʥ𾳵оΪûдʱ֣޾ĸо


2899 ʥ𾳵
СӣǿʥУʸӿԺ
ںϵԶţӵʥں֮ҲȻӵʥ𾳵
ĿǰΨһĽͣƾһԼҲ޷
벻СӣһαѪ죬ħ磬ħԨ컯
һζ̾Ϣš
Ҫ
ԵعħĴħͷоڴħͷ֮УһֻϣһƵġ
ŭһͷʨȫ汬ΧһԳħɷΪͬһӰնֳִͷ
ȻЩӰһںϣΪһ֮ʣŴħͷһɱ
һ̿ռ·ײʥȫ汬֮濴ΧռƯ
ȭ
ΡȻ棬֮ǰħͷ֣ΪߣǴʱΪնɱЩħͷ
ּĴħͷȥɽ磬ܻһɽ磬޹
һȭâΧħͷע£һ֮ɱȭâɱĴħͷӰɱС
ϵħɷ֣֮ϣѿ֮ҲȻϺ顣
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ڶʽ
һͷֱҲ࣬նħͷҪ棬һɱ
һĻͫ·ˣ֪һôԵһȭħͷ
ϳһΰƣ
䣡
ͷػҲ鲻٣Ȼû顣
һȭ罣¶ȥޱǿĴħͷҲȻһȭɱ֤Լǿƻôֲ
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СӣΪɲǶٱʥ𾳾ͷȻ޷һȭ
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ǡ
Ϲʱڣħͷ۵
֮ʩչȭеȭСԭħˣһˣһںߴеˣ

ΧʮħͷȻ
ʩչͨޱȰԵǿϤһĻղܿ϶һߣһʥ𾳴ħͷһͬΧɱ죬ײЦݡ
ߣҲǣħ֮ˣײгԣ٣ɱ٣
ȻһȺʥ𾳴ħͷΧҲȻЦΪ˶࣬Ҿ͵úǣ
Сʵʵ㲻ʵǶʮ˵Ķ֣

ɱ㣬ҵȶԣԷˮһ򵥣
һħͷŵĺܣϿʵǸԼһռƣ˶ڡ
濴ͬʱΧɱ߶ĴħͷղֻĿǰʵʥʵжĲ࣬ڡҵÿʼɱˣ
ţħͷٴζŭǲˡֻˣƤˡ
º쳾
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ಣ
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ۣ
֮⣬ˡ
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ռͨǺ䣬ʮħͷûһ˷ټ
ֱͬ˲ɱΧʥ𾳴ħͷоð亹һͷŵ˼£򱾾ںټĿռ䣬ԿռͨΨһ취
Ǹںı飬ƺ˵ƾͼҲ赲ҵº쳾

ٴʧΧһлΪǳ
ħ磬ʩչռħռǼٵģȻһ̣õߴеʵﵽʥ𾳣·״̬ʮֹ
ʥʵĿռ״̬һƬǳƬռɳĮ֮д
ʮħͷһʩչռ򣬶ô׳ۡ
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ֿ֮һɫâ֮еһħͷھĿ£ֻͷʬ嶼ˡ
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ʥȷռͨһӰ죬ֻ΢΢һЦ
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ۣ
һǿдڴħͷħɷ£ʥκһʥ޷ƶ벽
Ȼȴ֮Уȥ磬Ϣ
һѪͷ֮ڿգʬ屻һӡ֮С
ҡ졢ȳ룡
ڣħͷռͨնɱþͷǣ̵˿ռİԵһ˴һͷ·ʶһ˷


2900 Ѫ岻
ӣ¼ôɣҵĺˮɲܰ
ռ֮е棬һͷħ֮ߣһƬ޾ؿɳĮ֮бߡ
ٶȷǳˣ׷ȥ
ۣ
գۣ֮⣬һʥħͷնͷ
Զһʥħͷɫâӳһ׷롣
ۣ
ֱ֮ʥħͷնɱͷڿգŴӿռ֡
ΧҲʥ𾳴ħͷӰӣٶҲֻնɱʥħͷ֮ǰնɱħͷһˡ
һ֮նɱŴʥ𾳴ħͷǴȥɽ磬ûģһ䣬Ҳһ֮նɱŴʥ𾳴ħͷɣ
̣
ͻȻ׼ȡһն׵Ĵħͷʬ֮ʡ
˵ͷȻٴӵ·
ŵͬ죬˹һնԴҲܻ֮ǰʥ壬һƤԴࡣ
ȻҪ
ͷʬ壬ʬͷ涼Ŀ֮࣬ͫбһֽߡ
͵һٴνͷأڴʱ濴ħͷüģȻһѪˮĻӡǣͬʱħͷؿڣҲһƵĻӡǡ
СӣѪǿߣû뵽һѪǿߣʱ
׷ɱЩħͷղżħͷնɱӵûˡ
Ѫ壿
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ʱħͷѪɫӡǣøߺⲻǡ˰ӡսʥħħ̥ϣҲ˰ӡǣ
˰
һ֮࣬󣬵߶û뵽üģҲһ˰ӡǡ
濴ѵսʥħڣħ̥һű˰ӡǣǰںսʥħҲں˰ӡǣ
ԣ֮ǰû뵽ں֮ŷ˰ӡǣսʥħҲӵѪٴתޣΪѪǲԼǿ

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Ѫǿ˰ӡǣĪĹϵ̲ס˰ӡǣҲУ
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ץһʯڻΪһͷħͷʬѪɫ˰ӡס
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ѪѪⲻպȥԸͨڰɡ
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ˡζȡһʱ뵽˷
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ͨӣȴ˵Сӣӱѹħͷʵ̫ţ̫ŰϹʱһʥأû뵽
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ߣ

벻ͺ棬֪𰸺Ҫ޷
浹úǺܹϵĴڣߣǰӦ֪ߵĴڡ
߿Ϲʱڣ̫ʱվ۷Ĵڣų׷ʥ˵һЩɽ֮ʵҲûǿֲֻֻ֮֮Сʵǿᣬʵ࣡һ̾ϢΪĿࡣ
ˣȥҳ·
ҪںҲҪŪԼ仯ôһ¡
ͷŸӦӦΧҲӼŵħͷϣѯʳ·

һ󣬾Ϳȥ̫Ž˺ѳڣ
ͻȻں󷽺ڰ֮УһӰű˫˴޷ݵħ˶
桢ͬʱתȣͷħ֣
ͷʥСӣ󻹿ԷŹ㣡ֲĺӰħ֣˵
ٶ̫ˣʦ֪̫ŽسΪһƿվ˳ħֱסȥ·
ٿħ֣һ̻ĳǧǰǧ״ħ֮һֻɫ޵Ưڰ֮У˫Ĵȫĺڰʯ
֮ߵ壬·һɫƵģħֱʲô
ĪҲһͷϹʱȻϹž¶𺳡


2901 
ҲΪ֮ͫһ̫žû뵽̫ų£Ԫ֮ãֵط
֪ʥ𡭡
иΪ϶һսǰҽʥʵϹžʵ޷󣬹Ӧǡʥ
ȻǴʥվ۷ľҲֻߣʵҽһսҲ֣֮ǰͻȻʧѾħǿߣδϵһֱںڰ֮Уõʥ𣡡
һʼδʩչȫȻ˵õʥڰ·ɱ
Խ룬ҲǾ÷ħֵǿ
̫žұҪõʥǲ뿪СӵõߵĴУʥʵΪʥ𣬱ҲҪʩչȫɱ㣡
ΨһսҲܽʥ㣡Ȼ˵ϣĿһ裬׽ᷢʲô
ݣ
ǧ׾ֱһ̣ǰʮɳ̵๣˵̫͵
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һںȷһʥľ³ڴˣ۷ʥʵҾʵֻʮ࣬Сӣֻ취ߣ㿴ʮµܣѺۣ
ȴҡͷȻһЦٶߣ̫̫ѣ֣Ҵ߶ӡԼʥħ籾ԭˣʩչħɷ֮ٶ֣
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ֻâƿգȻһǧ״ͻȻſ죬Χ£һҧס̫žҲ
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ʼγɣ黯Ϊ̫žΧʼħɷ
ߣû뵽ջϧˣ̫ų٣ⱻڰʴܶռǸԹԼɣ
̫žҲϳʩչͨ
Ʊ񣬱ͻҧסҪˣ֮ͫоȻ˿ֲħ
ħ¶յǧͻͨԴһӾͻΪһ̣յʧ
ɻ棬Ȼʥʲô
濴һĻֿƸħɷ档
صͨɱЩϤϢʵ̫ˣűʵǱ󻹻ɵ
̫žֽעϣ˫˳һɺڰ籩һֻֻ顣
ǡΨɱ㡭
ͨУҲڻ̫žϡ
ɱڷգŭ𣬼Ȼ޷ͨԸ̫žֻɱ
ʶ֮߶ɱĶǵĹƣʼ߶º쳾
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Ϣ֮
һӰڰ֮еӰֱ֣˳ɱһ汦ɫâ̫žĺ󷽲ӣһնȥ
ٶȡ̫žҲһ

˵ʱʱ죬ɽɱ̫žӡ
ԣһնԴûУоϺĺɫʣоħγɵʣΪıס
ʯһɽ֮£նһѺۡ
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ɽԭ϶ǰƵɽ֮һֲð̫žþֱˣɼڶôŭ
꣡
ӺЩɫʣʱһһ顢룬Ȼ¶˺ںɫë
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žȫµĺɫʣһ̣ȫ룬һ׹棬õҡΣ
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Ǿʥ
Ҳš񡯣ȫëԣɫ̽𣬻žʲôޡ


2902 ħ
þûָо̫ųٵȻɽˣҵļɫչ壬˫Ҳһˣһֻޡ
ͨ󲿷ëɫҲħɷ޹̫ʱȻһֻʥޣ󷽼ββչβϵëһ˲·Ѥޱȣ´źڰħҲһҫƬ̫ŷ档
ޣ
ŵĸߺһ
ޣ
ǷޣΧɱʧǰ;ˣźڰһЩԵ̫žȻǴ֮Уǿ֮һ
Ҳ̫޷ţһɱȥɱһ̫ޣ
ɽȻ϶ɽ֮£пɽַ
̫žͷ棬ΧԱ֮ǰڰħɷദ״̬
Ѫͫ棬ëͿﶯëͷųԣҲϯΧ̫ŷ档
Ҳ·һЩŮӣΡΡ˵˵Ҹл㣬Ǹüɱ㣿ʥ
żˣû뵽̫ޣлŵĴڣ̫ޣӦ̫ǰ㣬׷ʥˣõӡ̫Żʥ˵Ĵߣǡͬ
ͬ˵һУ̫ų٣Ϊ˹ȥ񱾺Ҫ뿪̫ţ̫뿪ڰ磬ҪʥϴϾĺڰħɷȥԱ壬ʥ˶Ϊ˹ȥǱͬڴˣҲһĮӣοࣿ
ڰĵ˵꣬¶ԹԣȻɭɭ䡣
ƺʱ˺ѿռ䣬ץ档
ĿԽ·ӦʲôҶߣαɱʥѱںϣó㣿
ҿɱȻʩչҷͨʬ룬ѪСںɽ̲ѪҲʩչɽ˷ܶҵθڣ
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ʱ˿̣޵ľ⡣
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ֻҪʥ𣿡κӴޣǿʥ֣Ի
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ܸʥܷɱң
ܸʥϣ϶ںϣʵܰ϶ĴУ
أ
ܰʥҿԿǲɱ㣬ȻҲÿ飬ǵʱ޷ħһ
Ҳʥ𣬻а뿪̫ţǷܷŹң
ˣ˵ͣΪ޺ᣬҲõʥķϣҿԴӦɱ㣬ˣһſ㣡
ϵ˵ƺ֮ǰɭɱʧȥ
ĿԴɡޣʵ֮ǰǿ֪ٵ̫ǿߣ滹ܱ򶨡
СӣȻȴڰЩ
ǰģȻȥģʥһδȫںϣںˣҲܰһָһвֶΣ
ݸһŵ֮泹׽Ϣ
࣬ǧĪñʧʧˣҿҪҡͬʱϵİҲʧȥչëƯﲻ
Žӡֻ֮ʥʵѽںϣζڣֻʥ
Ȼֻʥ壬ǰУԺ𣬾ͽֻ𡭡

һɻһȼգֻлǴС
Ȼ治߶յԽд󲿷ʥ𣬶ӵеֻֻǾʥľδʩչѪ
ôɴСʥ𣿱Ӵ壬Ҫٱʥ𣬶϶ʥҲֻôһ㣡벻ЩʧҲʼŭ


2903 ԡķ
ĪżſʼδȽٶŭҲ٣
һҪץס˾ѻᡣ
ȴڴʱɱЦ̫ޣҲޣħ֣ȻҪɱңҿ϶ݲ㣬ҽʥһ̣ҲڣĲҵֻֻһո¸߶ȡ
ĸԣⱾ⡣
ѣʮȥ֮֮һԴҲһҲġ

潫ںϣʥӼɴСͻȻΪ׷ջ𺣣ͷںϣ
ҿƾʥڰħԡ
Ϊм֮ͷһɺڰͬʱԵϢһ˲Χ¶ȣʼ¡
տʼգʩչʥ𣬵ȷӴ̫ࡣ
ʥʼӿͬʱǻ֮УĻʥںϣ֮ʣӷڱºڰ棬Ҫûʥ
Ǻڰħûκ󵭵˵ƺѾ治

ŷӿĺڰ棬ʥ𿪣ɺڰ棬ٶҲ̫죬е㱭ˮн
һμʶڰħǺεȲֲߡ̫Գڴˡ
˰ɣǱ㣬ԼЩʧȥġ
Сǧ
ط޵ʩչ֮صļӳʥԼϡ
ֻЩӷӿĺڰ棬Ȼ̲һ㣬ʥԱ֮ǰʮķ״ַ̬
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벻עڰ棬Լʥ𣬷ԽɫĻ˫ͫС棺ʲôϵ
˵йϵҲеϵҲûĹϵֵ⣬Ȼ֪Ĵڡ
˲֪֮ɼ
̫ʱڣͻȻ𣬵һЩ֮ԼԤ֪ʲôͫ׽ɫһֱھ֮С
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УڷڰȴҲ֮УһĲС
ʥ𽥿ڷջ֮УϺڰԽʧԽĳ档
󲻿Сӣ֮Ұ̫ŵĳӡҪٵ꣬ȥֻҪʩչλɣ
˲𣬵õô棬װźƣǴӦҪ
ģȻоһΡɽȻ޵ĺڰһ˴޾֮ŷɳΡɽԽңԶ
̫ɽɣ·ǴԲܣӦԷʶһĻ
һĻٴγҵ߶ȣû뵽̫ųڰ磬ڲеʶҲ̫ųһԶڴˣ
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ģĿһֻˣŻ治Ϸ̫ɽ
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ǶѪɫӡǵĻ䣬治ǣǰСǰۼʶ
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ֱΪֲ֮Ӱ죬ܸоʵ¶ȣ֮ǰһ˻þ
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󲻵ëȫ棬۾ƤڷգʼԻΪ״̬ʧ
Ҳ̲סֳƾþûм壬֮Уǿģ˽Բ̫ŷȥصɽĻһɽ֮Уλɽ֮ĴڣǿһЩ
ԽԽãղٲԼںһЩʣһЩҲķʱϹ١ԡͨ´Լڵ㹻ˣϾһ޷ס
潫ʼģЩڣкڰҲзĲ
ǿ࣬ԺˣҲΪʵΪʮҲԶֹ
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󻹴ڷ֮Уʹ֮ǰǧ׾޴ֻа׶󣬾һƯ
ȼʧ¶Ҳֱһ·ɲǼһ㡣
˲ʧΪһֻ״ȫɫëԣ޸߰߾Ŀ۹棬ȸ״β·ɡ


2904 ںϲ
һë̺ԣ󲿷ʯһצӡ๶ƽɣһ·צܽκץ顣

ǼʶޣҲǱ̣ƶ壬ӦñȲϷһ塣
ಣ
״գۼ䣬һȻΪһ긾Ůۣ߹ޡ
Ƿһ壬֮һҲǷȨߣһ̫ʱǿǣӦþ˹ȥ̫ɽ֮УҲҵĺᣬĳʱշš桢Ŀ⣬Ҳٴɱ
ˣһ֪õ±֣ҲԽͳɣ䱻ڣȻӵ˲𡭡дĦţȻи
ʵ񣺡ȻˣҲ뿪̫ŷ棡
˵߸ԵģҪȥҺᣬԼԴʵﵽ۷壬µħսʱ
֪ħս籬Ծ
ǴħǱ̫ŷ棬ȡЩħͷǿ߼֮еõģСӣ棿ҲԵ컯һҲ̫Ĵҵþ㣬壬ѪӦһҲһ˲ħ壬壬Ȼȥκνħս

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ѰһѺۣԨȥʱû뵽һޱߵķ磬ڳھȻǧħǿߵʬ塣
Щʬ嶼һսˣϢȻǷġ
Χﶼսʬ壬̲סħͷȻҳģвнʥħͷȴһ֮䣬ɱʥʥľ˲࣡
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ʥ𾳣ֶսʥħħʱ֮У⡣
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̫ʱȻ̫ɽǸʱ֮Ϊ̫ʱҲʱն̫ʱ
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Ӧþڵʱա
֮յ̫ԼϹʱľǿߣȻ˽
һˣķǳӢһߡ
ššš컯šǬŵȵȵǿ̫ʱǿߡ
˻졭
벻߼䣬濴ˣһȻ棬ӷͽӴ˻졣
˻ʣԱˣӦþ˻֮Уһ˻̻һ۷ӡһͬ˻
ȱļ̫𺳣̫ʱ֮ʢʱǳ࣬ǿʱ֮Ǹʱ֮Ϊ硯
ǻ磬ֻǻ֮Уһռˣ̫ʱǿߣȥʱյѰԴܶǿҲôͨһһɽ磬ʼ
ʱɵǿ߷ǳ̺֮࣬У洦ԼɵۣʥҲ٣ʥһЩҲ಻٣ʥҲżȻеĴʥҲڶ಻٣̫ʱҪʥľͷǲ̫ѵģʱ̫ʱڶ䣬ʥ𾳣Լʥ
һϤӰӣԭ̫ʱʶϵΪ̫ŷ֮Уڰһֱ̰ʥԭɡ
̫ŵĳ٣Ϊ̫ŷ޴𵴣֮ʱʥʧɱ塢塢ħ塢壬ҲУ̫ɽ֮ɽֱ׹ķʽֱӴӾ֮ϵ磬׹ڰԨľͷԨ
ߴ󲿷ּ䣬


2905 ֻ֮ϣ
Ȼûп̫ɽ𵴵ԭ֪ԭ򣬲֪̫ɽΪͻȻ٣ûг٣ɽ磬Ӧ̫ʱһʢ財٣
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ȻǷһĲ˿ڷջ棬ǲӵпһԡǸ߽λʥ𾳾ͷҲɱңЩʥɽ֮Уʥ࣬ʥ𾳹ѵҳһʥӰӿܶһ
ΪСϲһʱӵֻ֮ԼһĲ˷췭ظı仯
Ѫ죬ҵлл㣬㣬Ҿûпħ磬ӲһԵ
΢΢һЦ뿪¡
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ƾճֵ棬ţΪԸоʱһʥǿߣҿһ˿˿ľоƣһˡ
Цͬʱһվ֮У֣ооɽʱգȻû˶ٲࡣ


2906 ֻ֮£
ͷȥʱգȻΪռǳɳĮֱɽ翴ռ״̬һ
ⶼ״̬ζʩչռͨɽһû
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ⶼηʿȻҲɽ֮ϡ
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δȻֻ״̬ϢϲڷգڸоԼԽɽ֮⣬ֻ޾⣬׷ء
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ֱɽ磬״̬漫Ϊɣȴʥʵټɽ磬һҪܵ

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ĺ֮ǰҾ;죡
ǧǰڣǿ߽ħͷһɱȥ´ɽ磬ģ

ڶӡǿߣ֮һЩʿ׷עӰ
ѵѹħ磬ܻ
ǿɱǣ汻֮Ԩֻǧصɽ磿
û뵽ֻعħ磬̫ˣʱΪڣħһս˹ħ磬ħսعϢ£ɽ綼Ϊ֮ɣ

ڳ;Уϧ֪֮ûǸħһս


2907 ħѪϣ
ǰȥŵ룬Īħɱ룬ҾˣټǰʣӰӡ
У˴ȥ
ֽƹӴ֮лߡ
ƹڼ񷣬ٴκȻϢȻ˲١
²ţعߴˣķڻϣԸķڣķɽ磡
ʱħͷ˳żͷħϮ󷨣ȫɱ
֮ǰɲǿߣϵ󣬾ħ̤飬ħֵħǹƱצҲȥ
ħͷǰ֮һ硢ʱǲŷûκ˵ֵֻһƯڰ֮С
һҲߣߣ´α󷽼ħǿߣعǿߺ
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ԭ⼸ǧһʱʿ֮ǰΪǿߴܣ
Űʿۼ֮Уǿ߻ߣֻˣллʥʥľͷ
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Ӧû⣬֮ǰڣնɱʥǿߣܶԸʥĴڣ
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ԭˣҲӶγҵʵ֮

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˺һ֣
ʣʮħǿߣʥͬ鱻˲ɱǲʶǰСˣ಻
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ʮʥƣ浹ݲ˿߻ᣬΧһлΪħɷ


2908 ħѪ£
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ӡҲһΣʮʥͷҲܵ΢΢һЩӰ졣

ħɷɱһӡǣҫ۵Ľһնʮʥħͷͨħɷûκͨ޽֣޽·޾ÿǡ
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Ǽʥ׻ˣ˼꣬ʵ
˱ȻϹŴתӣõϹŴ۴̶ܶʱ䣬ӵ˸߶ȣ

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Щħɷ;УȻ˲ںϣһ޴ԳԽʥħɷ𵴣һʱﶼʥħɷͷ𵴡
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ŵڣн磬¸ʮˣȻд󲿷һ˲䱻Ѫʥ𾳿ֲħɷ͸ĵ
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һͻƣǿƴӲƵϷ١


2909 ӡ
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ħѪкܴϵ֮ǰħħ壬ʶǵı̬ϣ㲻Ҫʧ

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һȫڿ࣬κˣǲܻġ
Ѫ岻ͬġ̾Ϊֹʱָʤһ
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֪ҪԸ㣬취ֻܶ࣬ȷϣǲħ嶼ѪȻѪ岻֮ҿô
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̶ʱڿֱҫ֮ǰͳǸ⣬ǿˣ
ɱͻȻһЦӡ


2910 Ѫ
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ӡȻԵʥ˵ĴУںϸǿ󣬾ܽ಻ںӡ֮УӡħҲСһ
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ӡֱĨɱȻ֮С
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ĴħħӲƤȻĴųһţɵٶȳ档
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ͬߣӡ֮׷֮˸عʮֽɱȥ
ͫ
ҪɱĴҪһɲһ
Ǿħͨ


2911 ķڣϣ
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2912 ķڣ£
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ٴʱܸˣΪĪаȻȥѪ죬ڷ緢ᣬӦǽ⿪ˡ
һĽᣬ·Ȼһ㣬ĸ泩ϾĪа֮;ΨһһֵһĴڡ
ֹž޲ֵһֱ˵£ȴȻƵģںԼĸй
ֵѾħ忪սȻ컯šǬŵʮΪҪ컯žħᣬ䣬컯ţ̶Ըħ磡
û壿һ̣·׽ʲô
ԹŲ̫źڣħսħ弸壬˻ôһҲᣡ
أ
ϹʱһΪƾߣħ컯ɽУ岻Դɳǿߣ֧Ԯħһս᲻ֱӲսͲ֪
˻شҲһʱ
˾ħڵǵعħͷϰ֮࣬ͱƴķڷ
һķڵȻȲŴĶ࣬类ƿء
ڲʵǿ󣬵λҲķɽϹŶܵ˽Ӵ
氵жߣĪԼݱ¶ȥֱӴ
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֮󣬵ȻһЩɽ粢δħϮֻЩɽȽƫƧЩ˾Ҫ뿪ķɽѡ
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ʱƿشһЩǿߣķһϸѡǿߣ׼һ̣ȻĬĬע⵽Ⱥ֮е档
֪˵˭ˣ
Ǹ棡
ǰɽ磬ǿߵ棬ħǿߴħ𣿡
ˣȻܴħĪǡħ糼
пħūϾʹҲħ峼ܱǿ
ϽϽϢø߲֪
Щǿߣ׷״߶
һУûȥ⣬ʵѲǰʱʱ̿̾ΧֻҪвһʱ
λ˼õһ󣡡
ãɱһ֮ڴը
Ϊ޷ͣ
ҵȺʱʮϣĪ޷ͣ
ˣǹ׷׶ŭҲǷɧϾԷķڡ
Ẓ̌ŵϢ
Ȼ䣬濴ΧʹͷŸӦԽ󷨵ͬʱǧǿͷ̳
һЩǿ̺ɱһˣȻƽȻҲķɽǿߡ
Ȼʧ룬һǿڰգӸ¸ˡ
һˣ·˳㿴Ƶģܶʶȥʣ
ʱ˸Ŀϣšŭɱ⡢𺳡͡
ȻǵͬʱҲżɵ
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ǧǰɽ磬ɱǶٵӣǬ½̣ɽ׷ɱŵӣͶ
Ǭųϣ죬Ҫѹ
Ž̡ŵƽǿߣԻʥΪΧ´󣬺ֳּǬŵĻʥǿߡ
ƾǣ
ɱζ棬Ȼ޶ԣЦҸķһʱ俼ǣȥҪΪУУֻˡǬš½֡ˡ٣һɱ٣һʥʥǰϣķڷҪҲѪϴķڡ
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֪ߵغļһ
˳Ц˵ġ¼ǽԲһӵǰʵ
Ǭš½ɽЩǿߣǿķǴ֡
λߣն
ղԣԤеʲô


2913 󷽻عƽ
ѣҷȰһ䣡
ڴʱķһλѮǰȭСѲ޶֮ɽ£ɽ羡ڸղţҲŻΣɱع´ڿˣСѣķڡ
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ķЩ޲ݣٴοʱÿ˶̲סһں
λ˭ΣķɽǿкףҿЦ
ѣǬŵﲻãСѺγܵɽ磬ɱ½̵ӣԼǬŸ֣СҪȥƽ磬Ǭš½̵̣ǣαذ;֣λȰ˵ķǿߡ
Ŀɽ磡ڣķɽһǿߣʶµĿֲ֮

ӡһʱšŽ̵ǿߣΧķڸ߲ȥ
Сѣһ̣֪ͨɽǬԼ½̣һɽ紫󣬱ȻһѪսɱ̫ˣϾֹħʱ򣡡
˲䣬λŴ뿪
ܿ죬ʧķڣȥ
ǡǸ棿
û뵽ˣǱħѹħ𣿡
˵ܻصɽ磬ħ糼ħǿūΪħ߹

ڣǿҲûоţȥԵø
ȻЩ˵ʲô⣬ǵģҪ˵ȥ˵
ԿηԼȥںΪ֮мȻҲء

ͻȻ̾̾սʥħħ̥ںϣֵõħ̥ʵš
ǰз£Ŀһɨ
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˾ƽ죬ȫںѪȷ硣

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û뵽ȻܻŴħϧѾΪħūٲôҪһؽһأΣҲٸߣ޼ĵĺȵ
һʱ·ǧǿǣڴڵɽΧʼˣʮˣ
ƽǬš½̺£ǿ߾ۼ˺ƺƵԭȥԸħ塣
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ӣģܲˣһλǬߣһһλߣͷʥƣ޼ǿߣƯڴϷ
ϣ鷳ˣһδͻƻʥƺ«ںϻʥ֮壬ſԶԸʥֻ֣
벻Ŀ˵޼񣬶㿴ء
ӷģҪںƽ磬ҲΪǬţҲϣܳΪףǬܳԽ컯ţΪ֮˵
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ҲǰɣϾӵʥʵѾվɽ۷塣


2914 ·֮޼ϣ
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ڣ󾭹ƽ羧ϵֱӴݣƽ硣
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Լ棬ҾͲˣ֮һˣ޼һ£ʥʥͳͳ֣ʼƿز硣

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ǶԣǱɡ
ʮһ߶Ȼﵽʥ֪ʮ˶ԣֶΣԿԻκһʿ
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кõĳҲƣҲ֮;ǳҪģ棬ҾһøףǬɽһ֮֮ϵĴڣСҳ绽꣬ҪʲôʲôʥͷҲҺǰĽģ棬ҴӳͿʼעⱲӵĵλԼɾͣδǻһף㣬ֻʷҳΪͷ;һСʯͷ
ʮˣ޼󷽳ϣҰԵóȻʿ츳
˻һʮ޲Ӧ޼ţӾǬſ£̫ˡ
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һֻСө棬ӵɲǵĹ԰ˣ
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2915 ·֮޼£

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2916 ƽһͳϣ
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㡢ܡ

⡢ԲԸģŽ䣬˭Ƿһҡͷ
ܣ
˵ɡ䳰·ûһɫԶ䣬Ǹ˰ɣ
СӣҵϾ͵
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2917 ƽһͳ£
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˭շӡطʮһЩ˼ţֱӳΪһ
мѣҪƴǵʼûпڣΪ޷ܾĶӽ쿪ʼ
䣬㻹кܶҪȥ羡ȥշŵԴȵȣҡ޼ϣǬԼǬߣػڼʱʱһս
佻һ󣬵ʥ޼ЩǿߣԷӡӡգǧȥ
ǧԶؾ֮£ؾǬͽһ򾡡
ȻѡտŵһΪտͷʥͨʱʮɽƶһ𣬳ΪһɽɼͲһʥ𾳸߶ȵĵ硣
һȻ׵ˣ
ɡߡʥϹ֡ȵﶼˣ컯ʵѾԽǵ
ڲȻԭʼֺģٱ㡣
λǽ̤ɵۣԼʥǳŬ⻹ڣʥҲߣħս塢ƱҲУڲ⡣
һʱǱŬȡˣܾ̤ʥֻҪ㹻ʹ࣬ҾΪʥ
һ̿ʼûҵٻκ˲뿪벽
ΰΡ֮ƵճХ
ǣ
ûһ飬ش
ٿǰʱ䣬ͷͬʱΪϴ裬ʥΪΪʥһᾡ콫̺ʥѪƳ
ҲҪʱ䣬սʥħںϣ⣬ʥѪϴ׵ĶˣûʥԴֻܰʥǿӦˡ
ʱʱעߵһˣΪƼػߣ˽»ߵ˸⿴ء
˸ڵֺĴԡͨ۱Ϲݡɡ롣
潫ħ̥ͨ밢Ħ죬ڰõħ̥ħ̥̺Ѫʥ¼ʵԾٶ
ʩչһ磬濪ʼֻʥ壬ʥǿʬգ뾫ʥѪ
֣ҸһӣɽˣߴиҵģᾡںɽõһЩ
Ѫ֮ʣ澡ʱ䣬һС


2918 һ컯
Ԫӵɽֻǻʥʵ޷ںɽӵһЩΪӣܰԪٿɽ
ֽԭҺĽڰںϡ
ڰʵڻʥ۷߶ȣһںЩԭҺ̤ʥ⣬ʥħ̥Ѫأ
Է΢΢һ㣬ҲЩԴ̶ʱ̤ʥʵͻͽ
ݶ
ע֮Уһľ
濴ȥĿϹϣΪһ̣Ϲݾ
ʥʵӦӵǿһʥľ
ݶҲӵʮҲһʥ˲ͬ뷨֮·̫ˡ
ŲµϹϷЩ¡
ԭҺϹݲ١
ȻҲõαԭҺһҺǻʥҲԳܵ㹻ںϡ
Ͼԭֻ̤ʥĴڣſںϣʥҲ޷ȥںϻʥ
̤ʥҪһͳƽ磬ס
ÿ˽Եõǧ˽̤뻯ʥʵֱʥɱʥֻʱ⡣
Сʩչͼʥ⣬ͼʥǿߣҲκβ
֮УСĸоɲһǰǿȻӵʥʵ
Ȼһжͼйء
Сʥںϻͼһ¥С߶ͼʵö̬
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һſʥѪˣΪ˾˾һſѪ֮УںϱԭҺһЩ
ʥѪʼȥĴͨԡ۱𣬴ȥÿˡ
ڳһЩѪ䣬һҲ԰ŵһЩʥǿߡ
ѪǴ̺Ѫħͷľ˭֪Ѫǿ˴εȲɱ䡣
ϵܣǬ߻ɱӦֹһʱ䣬ÿϱʥѪеϢÿˣʥϴ裬Ѿʼͻơ
ɾͻˣҺܿɣϲʵɱ䣬Ϊм졣
ůůģڣָо޷ݣҲĥ¡
²ڳģǬǵܣɽͷ֮һǴʥʥ𾳣Ȼ֣޷вƽ磬棬컯ɽħᣬҲǬһעֻҪ赲ǬߣƽͲ£
ϧʵ޷һ֮ħҲ˵ˣƽЩ׼£
һȥ컯ţмҪ죬ͬʱҲҪԪȥ
ԪСӣ
ΪмҪȥ˳´磬ڱصãҲ֪ÿһɽǻ᲻ȥμħᣬ塢ϣϵȣǷܽһҪ塢뻢ıƤ
Ҳ뵽һ㣬ϾʥʵҷһҲУϵΪɽĹϵܿϢ
²УҪʲôˡ
ʱѾΪԼǣڣԼߣδʼյħսⳡƽ֮Уȥ
ħ磡
Ԩ֮Уδ֪ΣյĿռ䣬ħͲЩڰԨ
ಣ
ʮӰڰ·籩֮дٶȼΪˣʥ
Ѫ죬ʥħ
һʮˡ
Ϊ߾ȻħǿѪ죬ֻϧǣڱȫǷӡûκͷš
Ա楣Ϊص̫һ档
˾ʬ⣬̫һ
͡ǰ
ѪؤһǱ֮ܿ極Ŀ־ﵽεȵĵز
ûƭ㣬ȷһռڣ·ӵԼϢ̫һ滺ס
ɱɭɭŭȣѪ죬ʵһЩɣʦ֪ģˣͷ͵ųΪܣ
ҡҡ
ܿѪ£һͬǳγɵԨ
Щ·Ȼħģ˵Ѿħ֮С
Ӧҵĵ֮У
Ѫʵ˵˽ʥħ
ԽһħɷӦǶ̫һƽء
ɶ񰡣û뵽汳󣬻һǿ̫һ棬֪ҾͲȥɽ磬ҲͲ棬ýֵزֻҪҵ棬Ҳһܼһ
ע̫һ棬Ѫ캦µ˼¡
һǳسˣѪء


2919 ̫һϣ
ˣ
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ӳǳħǿߣɵ۾ǻʥʥĴڡ
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ү㲻ͻȻʧȥϢô⼸˭ǿ߷ӵѪ칪
ѣڸҸˣǴˣҿⰲţ
Ѫ׳һ
ȷͷӰǰչ֡
һħǿ߳ǵһ·棬ħǿߡ
ǿһϽش𣺡ү˲ˣǧǰ֮Уӣһ˾Ͳˣ
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Ѫ˫ͫ͵һ
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˼æŵ¿ɱȻͻȻˣȻ󡭡
˵֪ԱʱᶯɱѪʡ
ǿ߿ðѪսľʧ󲻼ʥħʹ֮£һбﱻ򣬶ʹ棡
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ӴǧһֱûϢһɳǿߣѰң뿪ʥħЩͨү
ǿ߿ͷģŵòᡣ
С㡢ˣѪ󣬶ɱˣסŭ𣬵սľ̫һ档
ں䡣
楱Ŀ⣬̫һŲѪȳ⣺ȥʥħؿ
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С㣬ʥħر֮أҲڻʹ֮£ǡʥħǿߣ
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һǿ߶ˣǻƽǰ޼ɣɱ˵Ѫ
Ͻ֪ͨүЩǿ߿ԾȻӦĴ߶
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ݣ
˿ʳǣǰ޳ִħơħ档
ħơħ滯ΪһͷŻʥʥƵǿߣʥǿߵϢҲˡ
ѪһϲŵõС㡢ˣ˵ǻ壬ֻҪҵһ֣ػᱻ巢֣ǲ̤أ
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ǿ֮УȻһ֣߳ڽۣͷţͷףֳֳɭɭһʥǿ߳֡
Ҳֻһֻ۾һѪ졢Ѫͬ塣
үү
Ѫ켱æ£
ߴŭѣ·һնɱѪ죺ɽĿܣȻȥħأʥħ֪𣿡
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˭ȻѪ󷽣Щ˿ħ֮ˣʲô
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̫һ߳˫֣ϲ˿Ϣһͨӣɢš
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ˣﲻɽ磬ʥħ磬ʥħħ֮һʲôɱֱӶһʥħͷ
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ݣ
Ȼ̫֮һָһɱǿߣԼħߣͻȻһ㡣
ħɷ˲Ż棬ֻһۼͲˣֻǸʥǿȻһѪ֮ϳصӡ
˲Ϣһʥ𾳵Ĵħͷ
ħߣԼеʥ𾳡ʥħͷǣƺһ̫һ档
棬Ȱ㣬ʲôʹʲô򡭡ϾʥħһԱѪߵͷ
㡭ʲôˣ
˲⡢һʥħͷҲʶǰﲻ򵥡
ʲôˣ˵Ҳ֪ΪʱĴʥ;Լ֮޵֣̫һȻ˵
ߣҲһʥˣʥˣ඼֪һЩȴ㾿˭ѹ㣬һж֪ˣħ߾ȻʼͷϢ
ಣ
̫һ澶ֱɹȥ

߾󵶣֮жʱһɫ׵磬̫һ档
̫һֻ΢΢һ㣬ͽɫ׵顣
㡢ѵ޵ôʥΪ˵ľ粻ɣȻŭߣ֪ǿߣһն¡
һŴʥеķһն̫һǰ
ʱĴʥȷʵҲһܣϧ

Ҫ̫һ֮ʣȴöָ˷֮£󵶾ȻͲˡ


2920 ̫һ£
ǶħǿߵһʥҲŵ汻ָסһͳͳ顣
ͷ亹Լ֪ǰˣô£㡢㾿ʲôˣֻɽ֮ǿʵɽ֮඼һ֪ûˣѵ֮УϹŻЩϲ
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ѪҲ׾бŽңѪǿ߳棬һܶԸ̫һ档
̫һȻޱ飺˵ʲôˣ㲻֪ھʹȥȥĵط˼ҾͽԪĨȥΪһ߿ܣ
ߣ಻Ŵģٴηħɷ֮ǰΪֲ
󲿷ֵˣԼΪġ
̫һָͻȻŵһ
䣡
ħһ𣬾ͽѪߺˡ
ಣ
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䣡
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ˣ
ħľǿߣȻһ̣̫һ£ͶأϺšˡ
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ʥħʹǿ߼ûһųȥ̫һ涯֣ΪУ̫һʵǿġ
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ܿĵҲ㣬һӡħ𽥸ӦһǿұԴ
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Щʥħǿߣ֪һܽħƷô
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̫һ棿ĪϹʱڲлĳʱյϹŶ
ҵʥ۷ʵһˣ
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һʥħǿߣʥ۷ΪħɷһʥħĴ±Ȳ϶ħλߣҲȥ
ǿΧħԼ֮гĿռ䣬ữΪһָħɷ֣·Ҫ̫һɱڴˡ
֮񷿹⣿֪ν
Ӱֻصԭأ¡һոָħɷ顣
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ħͷĿ࣬ͬʱһȻϳʧѾ㶯֣ǲҶ֡
ݣ
һ֮⣬磬̫һͷųȥƬռ䡣
ʺϱС
̫һƿΧϢƺ˲ܸӦһУһĨЦݣǰȻһӰ
ȻıԴսʥħħ̥ħ̥һնħ̥ԭ˵һĻĻ
Ǹϣǧ꣬ҵķأΪп˿ֲǿʵʥħ籾ԭˣʲô
Ѫ챻һĻŪʯˡ
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Ҳ̫һ棬컯ͨÿҪݵ⡣
ǡ컯
ɽֻɽ˷ħͷһˣ֮е棬ŭ֡
Ҳüʦ벻ʵӦнӽʥ𾳸߶ȣ֪ڶ̶ǧ꣬ӵһ˴ͨģ
㲻֪ĳɾͣΪʦὫɱҡ֮У̫һϺ޶顣
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ڴʱټıԴռ䣬ͻȻһ÷·Ҫ
ۣ
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ۣ
̫һ̧ͷʱ򣬱㿴ıԴټħ֮ϣͻȻΪУħɷâ֮Уһͬڽ𽽹ɵħǿߣϢΪһ壬ÿ˽Ǵʥơ
֮һˣĸ࣬˲ͬһףֳִꪣϢȻԵȲЩʥ𾳿£ֻİԵһС
̫һһ˿˿ݣӣЦһʥħĽҲʥħۣ
ʥħףʥħκǱ۵ĲƲ˭Ȼѹһܣʥħ۴ʮ֣Ưڰգħλħϣһ
̫һ棬һ֮ǵ˭ֻҪڿʼ֪һ㣬Ժͼ뱾£ΪЧȻֹ㣬ħǿߣ
ҪΪЧ
ԣȥΪռбԭˣӦ֪ԭǻԭʯҪԭʯԽԽã

ʥħ۶ʱЦֹȻǿߣɱⷽףҲʲôݣ㻹Ҫԭˣܣձԭ˽ħһ


2921 ʥħ۵ĳ
̫һ治ٱ˫ָ֣Ϸϻ˵ѹ㣬һоˣʥħְۣɣⷽʱգĵһԽʥĴڣ
㾹ȻܿǳԽʥĴڣƯʮǿ֮еʥħۣ°͡
־磬κʱգǰǿߣ۷ʵҲ̫󣬿ϧʼղ֪Ϊǿ󣬴ȷֻվڴأѾվ񷣬ҵĲ࣡
⻰ЦʥκʱգĴڣֳԽʥĴڣѾ޵̫ʥʵѵгԽʥ˵Ĵڣ̫һ棬ԲѣȻԼʵԽʥˣ
ʥˣǣҲֻǱЩνǿһЩˣֻվⷽռ۷Ĵڣǰⷽռ仹̫СʥǰҲҵĶ֣
ΪǣԶʱԽһеġ񡯣
񣿶ˣ̫һ滹񣬲񣬶ܣһе񣡡

ħͷ󣬲ʥħЦħǿߣҲ̲סΪЦѹסԼĸ
Ц
̫һĻⱲЦϴţ̫࣬ţġ
СĴڣȻ֪ҵʥħۣһӡɣ̫ˣܿǱģ̫һʥħۡ
ȻܸӦӡ̫һ棬ħɷ˲ա
ʥħ̤Ż˷дҲճħ棬֮һħʥħ̫һ档
ΪֻҪԼһЩƣܺɱ̫һ档
ϧˣ̫һħӴ˲䣬ħϨˡ
Ȼ̶һ֣ʹʥħɫһ֮ӿٶȣΧֲħɷֱӻΪһɽһ󣬺ɱ̫һ档
ʵǲģ̫һ˵꣬ɱһǳƣлɽ
ټ¿ռʱײ£¡𵴣Χǿ߱ײ޷վȡ
δʩչͨʥħǵһˣ
װŪʲôʱ򣡡
ֻǱը֮У˵Ц
һ¡ΧħڳѺۼ
̫һ棬Ӧ뿪ʥħһսȥʥħ綼Ҫʥħ۰Ȼ
ã̫ã
̫һȻء
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γ֮һʥǿߣѪͬʱ
ͻȻһжʧˣǹɱը֮У˽̫һ澹ȻͷһհââʥħУʥħۺ޷ʩչκж޷
ۣ
ʮʥħǿߣԳ˹ȥ
𡢱
ʥħˣȻ̫һ棬𺳣ΪΡΪҵͨԼκηûһôҸоʵһ㣬Ϊӵ˴ͨԴӡ޷㣬ܱƣ
ΪıԴ֮ϣǱʱգӸ߼ĴڣıԴ̫ͼ˵ɣֻһ̯ˮҵ޾ǱʵһУûôһԿ̫һϣֿκα顣
㾿˭
ʣԺ֪ģڻӡӱĺ
ǣ
ʥħ۶ʱǳ˵ӡ̫һ档
һӡ
̫һõӡţֱ֮ӽ飬ħɷӡڡ
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Ǹ˵߱ԭˣͱħʶ֣ϧ˺Ϣʧ٣
˵
Ȼûã̫ųٵĽأȻҲ֪ҵ̫Žλãħǿ֮Уõ̫ʱһ𣬺ɱħ粻ǿߣʵǸѾʥʵ
̫šء
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̫һȴǹע棬̫ţ֪̫һʱҲټĿˣû뵽ҷǳңԶ̫ʱͽǰ
̫ɽ̫ʱͻȻħӴӷû䣬̫ų֮أֻħһͷ֪޷̫Žأ֪ǰѺۣܽȥȡʥħʵ˵
Уھʹȥ̫Žأ
ǣ
ʥħȫ޷Υ̫һĺ̫һһ޵֮С

ɽ磡
ɽӡ󷨱ѽںϴ룬ʥ𾳵
ؾ֮У
ʥѪϣǧҲܹעʵ


2922 «
ʥַںϡ仯̫ˡ
ɽںϴ󲿷֣ӡںϽһ룬仯ϸطΪǳ״̬ȥδĳһ죬ĻȫΪǳģ
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ת֣Ҳڼӳ֮Сĵ·ճĻ棬δ˹
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Сӣ鷳ˣǬߡͬʱҲǵǬŵľ
ԭ޼ףǬɱˡ
滺˲ϢԪԱߣ֣ˣǰҽ㣬ôҽ²ˣ
ķ֮һ£ΪǧҪ
һ⣬ܽˣǿ߶Уִܴѡ
֪ӵпռͨͨ󲻷û£һҲκβ
ϵܣģȵĹڰӦ֮ǻɽ磬ǷһϽˣ
뿪֮ʣ²Ҳ
ܿ죬Ԫ뿪ƽ磬ǿ֮С
Сӣ㲻Ǭ߶֣ɣʱ˿̣ƽڴ
䣬ʵȲ棬õƽԴĴУʥƽںϵһո¸߶ȡ
ǰİɣҲǬ߶֣ҲκβңһὫƽ粻£
һ΢Ц˸Ӧ£Ԫ
磬Ҫȥ컯ɽ磿ʵٵԪҲлʥ۷ʵ
Ԫأҿδһˮ֮磬ˮ֮ӡųһˣȥ컯ɽ磬ȥˮ֮磡
ܿδԭԼ׷Ԫһȴˣ޷š
ֻǿƬ棬硭һ鲻ýͣΪ̫ʯܣԪ֪Ҳ⡣
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ϢһӴԼŭ֮٣棬ȻҪʬ
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ɻܹ˭ΪȨߣã͵ÿ˼ҿޣ̰ҪʲôʲôѪ͵ɱˣ
ȷ˵ĺܶԣ֮ԨģɽҲһܷŹǬߣŻɽɱɱ

˶뵽һȥˣ
ȻǬߣǾͱ뾡취ɱˡ
ߣ
֮УʮǿǬţ׷Ǭߡ
Ȼʥ𾳣ߣʥ𾳵ĴڣǬһǴʥĴڡ


2923 ѩܣϣ
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һȺǿ߾ȻһͷӬͷŸӦֻʯ󺣣ûһ㷴Ӧ
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ţ
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ô֪ҷѩ뽳йϵǣһڣغ쳾զ֣һʧ
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ϾֻһˣѩܣУҲֻи߲֪ɵ۵ӣԼһЩͨʥǿҲ֪顣
Ҳ޷ҿҷѩżʵҷѩ̫ʱֻͨȻѩǰ˵ʱһ˽ǰԺ󣬽ҷѩһΪӣΪ׳࡯̫ʱλ׳࡯ͨӣɺȥϹʱǳΪҷѩǿѩΪһһͳѩɽ磡
ԭˣշѩΪӡ
ǷѩĴܣ


2924 ѩܣ£
Ҳغ֮Ծԭ򣬱ϾֻһţΪϴеܣܱ֪
غͻȻЩʵˣΪϣҷѩƵϢǱ˾ǡƹΪĵΪף
Ҳֻ㣬ðգʱͨˣȥһյأҲǱԭȻһλǿŮǰͨһһ·ɽ绯ΣգȻһЩǷѩ
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ˣΪħսɽκٻЩϹŶǣҷѩҲϹŶع飬˵һλŰƹеǿڣѾ컯ţҹȥһԵ˵
ǿ߸Űǰһʱй
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غ뵽Ĺȥڿ˹У˵նɱǬŵӣӳ֮Ԩ˵ǰɽ磬նɱǬš½̲ǿ¼ҲΪɵ˵ĹС
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缸ǧǰЦ컯ɽһҪȥģ۸ҵĳ裬ҵüӱֻҵȥһˣԱȥۣӺ⣬ףֻ˵ллӷģȥ컯ɽ磬Ȼȥ磡
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˵һֱǿߣûϡ
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ǺöƷĵ˜ҩеһƴ
ǰϴθ˵һȥˮ֮磬㻹ܿԺ𣿡Ǿƾͷ⨺֪δ¡
Ԥ֪ҲԤ⨺Ĵͨ
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δǧꣿδѾǴͨ
㲻֪ǣ಻뿴ʲôܿʲôԤ֪ʮľ񣬼ǧڣܿһδѾףǿ̰뿴δһУף
ԭˡ
Ԥ֪ʵͷˣνԤ֪Сǧ
̫ʯӡܶ꣬ȻܱһЩǿߣ̫ʯ֮һЩ
⨺˾еһԱҲǼĴڡ


2925 컯
ԭ⨺νԤֻΪʵǴʥһЩ̫ʯδһЩ棬ǰҲԪˮ֮磬ʥ𾳣ӵдʥνԤһᳬԽ⨺ˣ
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˶ĳݡʵֻһݻԵ̫ʯ֮
ǰȥžƾʵ
⨺ҲЩ⣬һɫˮΪܾǰȥȥˣ˵ǽȴΪоһ屦ǣǶʱ䣬ܴ֮УһЩŹֵǣθ壬Ƕ޷⣬ҪҵõȴԼûǸֻ뿪

ͷȥ⨺ˣȥΪ⿪̫ʯܡ
֪˼ƻͷˮһգ˷۱ô⨺ռˡ
ܾǰҾС⨺ӵеһԤ֪Ҳӵ˵˽ȥ֪ƿصģֻܿԵԵ
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Ӧ̫ϢϧЩûжϵʲôħᣬֻΪСԻۡ
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ʥȻֲɶӵпռͨԣҪȥȴѡ
벻⴦½磬һʥء
˲䣬ڽһУɲ˿һ
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һͷǰ£翴һ£ǽŷһֺ磬ֲïʢдرԴҾӦв컯ǿ
ֲʥǿڣԭ컯ĺĵ
ܿѰҵλãΧϢɵۡʥΪʥҲһЩһЩʥ𾳵ľͷҲ
һĴڣ
ִ󷨣һعδعӦع֮УȻһȪۣزࡣ
Դأʥأ
عҲǴʥΪû޷ȥġ
ţ
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Ǵʥڿ⴦عԴصǿй뻪ڡ
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۾֮ʵܾˣǰʲô
ֱӴ㶯ֵģع֮еıԴ컯ɽ籾Դβû
ÿռͨڵعһǣȻʼձԴ֮ǹɴʥ


2926 
Ϣ뻪һǻۼľ֣һ壬ӵдʥͷֻ֮иΪˣ컯ɽ粻ǵһɽ磬󱾾ԭˣʵ籼֮
֪컯
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ĳŭӣѩΡȻ壺λܣʦ˻ʦҴһ仰ħ޹أ岻룡
ţ
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·棬ֹţء
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ĪаԱߣһӣ˿Ʋǿ󣬵֪ΪΣΧһЩʥ𾳾ͷҲżɵ֮ɫ
Īаλˣ𾴣ǰѩǴƷϽģǸֵ棬ѩΪʥãһһЩϴζԸѪ죬ϣԽһأ
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󷽣벻ԪҲУһλˣΪ桯
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컯
֮ܵУڵع컯ɽ籾ԴڴһԼ𺳵״̬
״̬£Լϣ˲صزءأȻΪǳ״̬ռ䣬·Ѫ·ҪΪһǳ״̬
ع֮УΪκʷ·ںϡ
ΪȻĻ㣬Լ̫ʯʷѾӡɽڣ̫ʯͲ
ڷ仯ͬҲڲں֮С
̫ʯ̫ޣڽһ̫ʯϢ
ʣһУԲΪ־ƺԼҲ컯Ϊһġ㡯


2927 ô
Ϊ̫ʯԼֻ̫ؾ̫ʯֻ̫ؾֻͬؾʥˣ̫ʯĪǶڳԽʥ֮Ĵڣ
ԭҪΪ״̬ںϣϧֶһָоֻ̫ؾ
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̵ǣһ˼ڴʥ׳µĻۣȻ޷ߵ档
дʥǿΣۡ翴ͻȻֻΪһӥצ
ץۡ

عһߵԪͻȻӳ˯֮оѡ

۶ʱָ֣ſǰץ
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ָȫʥΪټɽһ֮Уվ۷Ĵڡ

ǰӣͬʱڵɽҲʱ䣬Ȼһʥ𾳡
˭
һصţδҽӰһԴʮҲǻʥ֪ʲôʱ̤ʥ
ܶԴӵ췣־ǸƷҲǵ񲻷ϻǿϴ裬ʮ޵ûʥһʥˡ
ؼһ̣澹ȻʥΪʥͷ⣬ѾӸݻٻǵ㡮
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˼ʣ̶̼Ϣɻˣֻʥ塢£֮ǰ޲ͬ
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ҸĲ㣬ʥʵ٣Զ֪ʥʥ𾳵Ĳ࣬ϻʵֻۣһˣڷˣ൹Ա㰲Ȼ뿪ҲԱΪ컯ŵӣΣ
ǣ߾ȻѹɱҪ˵档


2928 ʥ⣨ϣ
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ǰһѵõĻᣬҪ֪ʥ𾳽ʥǳѣִʥΪ죬̺ʥ̤ʥ㹻ţҪԴҲ޷ӵеģ
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2929 ʥ⣨£
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2930 ħ

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ڴʱ£췣ֺɵ棬Ȼѹ۱Զպ췣ֳ㳡ǧԶİգ˲ҲЩʯ׹ء
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2931 ٻΪϣ
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2932 ٻΪ£
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ҵҲܵܣӦģСӶлǰͻȻо˷绢컯һůϮ


2933 ֵ
⨺ǰҲ㣬ѡģϾ֮ԨǼ£ǰ֮ģҪʲôɣͣѾʽ̨̤⿴Ĳ
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ȴȻХΪҵ;ѵҾͲ컯ţֻˣνĹνĹأǶΪ׼ģΪʵأ˵˾ͲòҪǰʧνˣвС󣡡
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һЩɻʡɵʥʥĴڣⷬҲɵö࿴컯ΪЩ
ɽ֮ԹɱħȺħΪж壬ҾӦ£һӦ£ҪҾȥģһ˽ԹҪص˶ɣξ壿֮ǰħҽ²죬Ҳɽҽ²
ԼĵƣԼŭһð˷ǿ߶
ſڴƻƣͶħ࣬๼֣оϹȥʱ档
ʱ˿̣ϰʥʥΪ𣬲ڼʥͷ£ʱʼ߶ͨں
ȴǹһϰǿߣɽ磬һΪɱħǿߣȴǹһˣҪɽΪУЦЦҲʼ
ֵܣ㲻һˣ
žİ˷ֻϰǿԼΧ˽ס֡ǲġ
һȴڴ˼羪˺
ಣ
һӿٷ
ǡͷĪ
Ҫʲô
ǲڴʱͽ컯ɽ磬Ը棿
ֳƽ棬ͻȻһŴʯƽһš
Īа
ֱӷ컯ţǡ档
ֵܣʲôʱҸˣǰҺСܶ޷壬꣬ʲôˣ˭Ҷ㣬Ҿɱ˭Īа֮ɫݿͷʥƶһʥʵ
Ҳ̲ס̾Ϣû㣬Ϊ֪ǿˣ۽磬ܶ鲻ýͣʱȥ֤ӣã緲ʱҲһУ죬Ǿȥ˺أý̤飡
ԭ
Ī涼Ƿߣһ磬ֵƣϵɼһߣ
ʱĪǴŰһɽ磬ʱΪ棬컯ΪУ
ֳܶݡ
컯šǬš½ЩǿߣԳ⿴Īа浱档
Īа浱ڹ񣺡Ҵ磬һˣпѣһ𿸣
ֵܣһˣҲѪˮӣŽһսɣ漤棬統һļ
ʱĿ֤һУ磬׼ˣ˲ץסǸڰ
ԭɽ硢Сɽ統һ
ٴμڰĪаܣʹ߼֮Уϵ
䣡
ʮֲʥһ˲ʮɱնգռ䶼Ѻۡ

˲ӳڰһǧ׾ʮɱһ
ĪаʵǴƷһһһ
һƬɱ֮ʣû뵽һŮٶȿ֮ӰӢХ
ѩ
ֵӣɵʮȻǸŮͻȻԾٶȣԽʥͨɵñ
ףȻˡ
ѩ
ɽʥã߸ϣ
ȻʥãҲҪΪԮ֣
ʥǷߣҲǣȻߵһ𣡡
¶ˣҲ޼£ƾ֮컯ſⲻɣЦ޴Ϊ
ŷѩͻȻɱ룬ʮİ˷ˣһƬŵľ
䣡
ѩֳһڲŽһսɱΪǰʱճһھ޽סʮɱ
֮ǽѩˡ
ѩ㵱һδ׷ɱҴ磬ҪҴأôͻȻɺˣתӣ
ĪаֳȻʥ£Ʋʥ
ŷѩЩ졣
ѩٿȻٻӰ˱ǣ
ҡҷżЦǷ֮£ʦ𣬴ʦʶ˥ûж˼ǳ𣬹ȥѾȥ𣿷Ҳһ֣쾭壡


2934 
˵ĺã㣬ллɽ֣ǵԹҲѾ⡣
ǧǰҲԷѩн٣Ϊʥǿߣִ߼ʶ̫ʱĳ٣ʲô׷ޱߵΪҪģ
ҶǷߣһӣƬԣͬһ壬һˡ
ѩ룬ͻȻһЦôͻȻȤӢ٣ҿʼеˣΪβ㷢㻹Щŵ㣿
ˣ漸ͬʱɫ䣺Ҿá㻹ǲҪ̫ĺãͻȻˣе޷мܣ
һŮӣ˵Ҳ滹еС˼ɷѩ˭һ˵ĸϻмܲס˵еѣ̫
ʥ巽ѩȻһ̣ѡħ߹һ̿ʼͲɽγˣ
ʱǬ֮
ǬּХĪɵΪϣͳţɽ磬ΪִԲڣħ߹ٻͷǰ;ħ
Ǭߣһж˵ˣ
ѩ¶Ȼ֮ɫŭϹʱڣ̫ʱǿһ壬˽Ѫ壬ţӵеɽԽԽ࣬ħսΪڣ˵׹ħħа
ּʸٴưգڵ
һֳ̣֪ۡ޼֮ٱ
ѩִŭߺɱ廹ϧ⽫ħأսݱ壬ɶٷˡʿ֮£ħһ壬ֶ׾ӣΪɱǿߣˮ֮磬ٷӡԪΪԶӡ𣿡
һ컯ŴʥͷԼȣ屾ħһ壬ǿħƣϹʱսɱ޹ˣڿȥųɳǿߣ죬巴壬壬ħӡˮ֮磬ʷࡣ
ʥ壬ҶһеĻ˵еĻɲ˵ЩȥǰԼʷΪŮӣͿԲ֪
ʥ֮еֽأҲǲȻŭ
ѩȻʲôһŮӣ޷۱磬˵ٶ࣬ǰҲνĺ죬ĲǻΪʱ˶˽ǵ𣿵˽⣡
Ѿ׹ħһһɱܲϢǬ´
ݣ
һ֮ǰļҷֱΧ˷½ɱ
Բ𣡡
ΧĹĹ죡
ҹͻȻǰ˹Ƕһλ긾Ů¶֮ɫʦӲТ
ʦãλе
ҹ¿ӣҡҡͷ˺һ˵Ƿߣ桢ʥԼĪԷƷ磬ڷʶˣһɽ磡
£֪˵ʲôλŮӼΪɭע
ٴιףģû֪ǹĹӣӴ˿ʼҲǹĹӣκιϵʦлĿأӸмǵ˵;į߾͸вһ֮
ʦʦȥһȥ컯ΪУΪУһȥȻǾһӼö¡
ŮӳĬ֮ɫͻȻȥһ;į£ΪʦȻΪӲãڷ͵õҹĹϹעҹĹӣΪʦѡ棬ΪʦһΪʬڵ
û뵽
ҹ𺳡ƺ֪䣬ֺ˵ĴڣȡƣתǷ
ʦıߣǷߣԶ뷨ҪõһŮˣԼģҪռ䣬ɣҪȥ취ɾɡ
ŮӺȳǸӣĹ춼ǵʧĲӰ
ǡ
վס
𵴵֮⣬컯Ÿֲƿɱͨ
һŮͻȻźӹ
ϧŮٶͻȻӿ죬һ˿һɫʱһŮӳ֮ƣպô麮ɱ֮С
ʲôˣ
ܶǿ߿һĻȫ޷Ԥϣ˾£˸ɱѰ
УŮоԾĹ
㡭
عƶ£ҹɫ˿ɻӣոɽ·
ҹ£·һڷǰԾ
¹ӣ
ӡѩҲӴ㵣¶ϲ֮顣
Ƕԣе˵طо
ҹ´߶˿Ϊâëһ㣬һȻֻлʥΪǿֻͨʥʵҶܳһ


2935 ߵķ
;į˶ͬһ磬ǽһҲһֹ;һԣħսɽûκεطǾ˾򣡡
ԿЩԽҹûһ˿ɫ
;į
˱˴˿˿ǱԱγķͣԴ߶ֿͨعƣϧ𽥱Χѹƶû
ȥֲãһᱻѹ
ˣҲǻȻ壬Ȼ׼ʩչռͨϾϾͨɱΧ
еǿ״̬пʩչռͨӴʥͷƤ뿪컯š
ã磬ģ
Ѿڴ߶󱾾ԭˣӡʱռͨںϣΧһֻΪγɿɳĮ
Ħȭƣ档
ãʱʦԸһӵдʥķ
û뵽ѩݲȣץһ
Ȼ˻Ƶķ
¶Ľ񣺡Īÿʵ뿪֮ðɣϣò
Ǽǲò֣ΪĸҪ컯šǬУ
벻׼ͻɱȥ֮ʣһȴ
˭
ѩҹ¡涼İĺܡ
棿
ΨĪаȴ΢Цš
ħ๼
ҹ֮£桢Īаѩϰ¹ַʱܼ֣ܿƿռ䲻
컯ǿߣһֻ飬ǶԣɱֻСһÿᣬǿչʾ컯Ŵ󲻷
⣬󣡣
Īа͵Ŀǰһ󱻼컯ʥ𾳾ͷִؽ֮а룬Ȼ˵
˹ƣÿ䣬˸޷ߡܣΨз
СӣҪ涯֣
Īаվ˳ʥΪ׳
֮ǰǸӵ͸󷨣Ժ֮һͬ
ĪаЦеĵٺ٣棬˼Ҹ̧֣ܳ־ͰæСӵʱȾƣ
˵ģǼסˣ
Ǹİصӣһˬʲ١
䣡
˵ϷǺڰΪȻа׶೤ֱһɶ󣬾һϷ󷨺Ȼ
Ǿɽ֮У̫ʱľ
ӦǴ֮У̫ž֮һ⣬Ϊϡǿ󷨱֮һ컯췣ֻһЩ
Ȼʥ𾳹ƣɱˣȴ󲿷⣡
Χǿ߼飬޲𺳣ǹע׷ǲ·ܽҲ顣
Ƭ
ѩĿˡ
ǿ÷赲Ȼգ۾ͱƬԼ֮ûˡ
ЩƬܻɱˡ
ѼͬǷߣϧƵȻɵ˶֣
ΧҲڴʱʧȥһЩҡҡͷĿ࣬ҲΪ˸еֵ
ɱҹԪڳϣҹԪڷԪڶл컯λͬΪɽ壡
ʱһƫ컯š
ԹԪΪףԪǿߵڱ̬Ҳץס컯ʾá
ʦû°ɣ
֮УһȺＸúܽ
ɽǿŵ𾰣⨺ˡ۲Զ
ŵǣ벻ʵȻ̤ʥ𾳣ʵҲ󣬵Ҫסʥǿѹ˿ԡ
û£ֻ˰ˣҪ⨺ǰϹӵ֪Ȼ˵û£һⷢ
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Ϊһܣ̫Լ컯ŵ̡
ˡû
ͻȻֳһƬĺ
鳾֮УĵӰ֣˶ЩǱǡ
ߣ
½̡ǬšԪЩǿߣǲм䳰֮
ø棬û뵽ʵ൱˰ɣ˱ɱҲɣؼһͨˣ֮ҲһС磬̤ʥ𾳡ţٸ̤꣬ʥ
һӣгɱ⡣
ţʹߵĽء
λ治Խ˻ۣҲ׳Խһ·棬еʿ
ɽŵѪ£һӡʮ·ţۼһ
Ǵ֮ǰ۱ϣټ컯ţһϹŶ֣ͽ浱һǰ
ǡͬ
һЩˣйһЩӴû˽½ӴҲǵ·棬һ֤
ͬΪţЩˣʮĴڣһġ󱲡


2936 ޼а
˷֮࣬ȻвˣǼӴ˭澪Ϊˡ
컯¼᳹ɽʷϣ˭ҲĨ֮ȥǵɽһ
ߣҹԪɽԸӧһɱĴӣԪһλߣԴʥżʥǿ
ಣ
һӰȴԸٶȣȻ

Ӱͻأ٣Ǭߡ桢½̾ͷԼֳעȥ
컯ţɲǣ컯Ѹײڶ֮ƣŴʥǿٶȣǰ
˭
˿űͣĺˡ
һòסͷʿ
Īħǿߣ
˭ʱȥˣǰˣ컯žͷʶˣǾΪ˶ȥģ
ʵֲһʥϹŶ
֮󣬴̫񣬱ȻһЩʥϹŶڷ׷ʵ

˵ͻأ֣컯Լɽˣʱ˿˲¼ɣݡ
ϤӣǸղ˵λеġ桯˭
ڣˣ֪˭
һͷʶģͿõģġ
ʱǸ˱أȻӶԷ
Ŀ֮£Ц׼ˣ±Щ˶֣ǳ״֮ɱ
㵱಻𣿡һٶ׽Ǹ漤ŭˣ˵棬µϹŶ
ܲŭ
ڣˣʮ㣺ӣλǰ̫Ե˰ɣԷǴʥڣȻһ˺ơ
߶߶Ŀٺ٣ŰɣˣҲ˭Ը㣬Ҳ棡
Ҳҵ棿
ˣ˼Ҳ޷뵽Լʲôʱһ档
ٺ٣涯֣֪ˣȻ͸¶Էݣһصģ
컯ţεºܣ
Ǽʥ컯ǿߣ쿿λˡ
˲ţκһ񡢾ֹɼǿһս
֮쳹ⷽ컯ţ˭ӣҺͬǷĪ£컯ſԾκˣҲţããټ⣬컯ŲֻһĴ潫Լףǿɱˣ滹壬ҿ컯žɶӣҲ컯һҶɣ
ſڴƻƣҿкͣ
ĿޱȣȻҡ

컯ʥ𾳾ͷɽ緢ѹ
ʥ𾳣Ȼᱻʥǿˣʥ³ǵɱ
һ˫˫Ŀйע£ͻȻͷΪΧΪɫǳĹԡ
䣡
ɱƣ֪ΪΣ޵ġˡײںһ˳֣˫Ź׹£һа

һʥǿʯһ㡣
Ҳһ߽üͷͫȻӿâȻܽͨתƣͨҲµĲӵС޼ͼġ޼а𡯰ɣ
컯ʥ𾳴ڣʶֻһоͿֶΣ
˵۶¶һԼʮ꣬ʯ信̣ݵӣԵ磬˸оһǿߡ
޼
ڵ棬类׵У޷ݣλʩչͨϢޱϤǵڷ޼ڣ޼Ǿ
ҲĪаΪγƺԷΪ棬ĪаΪ޼ڵӣλ޼аӦҲǳ޼ڣȻǶ˳
޼а𣬾һֱ׷ɱӵ޼˵޼а𣡡
޼аѱȺǿ֮аȻЦ
Īаٺ٣磬˰ɣ޼а棬Ʒ޼ڣ㻹ǵõڷ磬Դ߶޼ɣʵ޼ĸӾ޼аϣɽӦ½޼Ŵɽ罵·ߺ޼ڣ޼Ӧȡλ̤ɽ
ԭλڷ磬޼Ѫλɽ練ӦͶ޼棡
ȻƷ磬Ǵ޼̤磬޼ڶĪаӰ죬Զ
޼а𣿴Ʒǰ޼ڵ棬ż꣬λǰʵﵽ˾˵زҹҲ̾Ϣ
޼ƷǾԴ޼Ϊ֪
ѩҲλǰ˲ڷ޼ڣ£ɽõ֮ʮͼ޼ͼ
ӵõ޼ͼ󣬾ͱɽǿ߲׷ɱ˶Ҫ޼ͼʥҲ޷жͼ죬޼аӹɡ


2937 컯
˼ʣ˷ǿĸøָע޼а컯ǿ߽֣һ˿ʼĥ
ۣ
ѪͻȻһĨ⣬۶㤳
ɱ컯ǿߣ
ԭ޼аɱһʥͷ֮£㱻޼аȻնɱ
ͻȻһӡɱ޼а
ǻûߣӡ޼аĿ֮£Ȼ󲿷ӡ֮Ųֻ֮һտס
һ֮
ǻ߲ɣ
ǬɭɭЦ̼䣬Цݻδ̣ǬžͷǼʥԼʮʥͷ
ǰһɱȥʾĪаѩҹ¿ٷ޼а
ߣ޼аҲѱЩݺ⣬նɱɽǿߣߣ
һǬʥǿߣһ½̴ʥߣƬ̼ͳڰգȻ޼а档
ɱ
ʥ𾳾ͷȻĿ⣬ԼݣΪɽϹŶ̩ΧʥɱĿҲֱȥ
Ϊ޼𣿡
ձʥͷɱ֮ʣԼ׷֮
߳壡
һɹ߲׵磬Ҳŷ·Ƶһһɱ½̴ʥͷԼǬżʥ
߲׵ҪĿ꣬Ȼ½̴ʥͷ
ʱΧ׵¡߳塢߳ɱ˷ǿ߸о֮⽵컯ţټһʥأΰ߲׵磬ֻлһ³
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ѩ侳ܸܵϣͷųϵͨǶô޷ݡ
־Ȼоʥ𾳣Ī㻹ʥ𾳲ɣ
ȻƺδĻ
ûҲ޷
Ϊ߲׵ʥǿжҲʥǿߣǶڴʥЧ̫ԡ
䣡
½̵ʥͷ߶һϷǱ緢һɹƣ߲׵ɱ׵޷˵λʥͷ
߲׵磬ѾɱǬʥǿߡ
ΧԸɽǿǣƺʩչ߲׵磬ʥޱȣ̫ƣϵ˸оһϵ޾
ȻˣϾֻʥʵǴʥ
߲ʥͷǿʼɱҲ߲׿Կ⡣
ۣ
ҹ±һɹƣ¿ס󲿷֣ǱˣѪʩչסʥ𾳹ơ
û뵽˶С棬Сĸߣ
ˣ̶ʱ䣬ӵʥָ߶ȣ컯뼸ϹŶ⣬£
ȷֶ죬ԱߵĪʥʵҲһҲʥʵķŮӣ˸
Χ˿񷣬ԻΪһƬ׹磬޲̾
Сټɳȥ²֮ˣҲᱻԽ
Խֻʱˣ
̫ۿֶΣҲ֮ʡ
޼ͼ
ͻȻټ𵴡
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Ǵ֮УΪϵ֮һ
ʮͼеѾ飬ͼ٣ҵ֮꣬޼ͼҲˣ
޼аʱʩչ޼ͼʥҲ޷ƿͼƣֲüǰûնɱ޼а𣬶޼ͼ

ܴ֮Уˣ޼ͼĺԼ̰
ȥ
߶췣֣̤ϴʥΪĥһͨ赲޼ͼ
޼аȻŴ߶޼ͼɱȥ޼ͼ֮ͬʱˡ
췣֣ҲĹ֮һ
޼ͼƺ޷ǰ٣һĥѹΧ·Ϊ˷档
޼аŽĥͨҲмּɵ
ΪһʥһͨʥҲȫѹκʥ𾳡
ݣ
ⷽ
ϵͨƵ½̾ͷԴʥǿʵ׵繥ƣɱ˰֮ڡ
һ⽣ɱһֲ
ܺɱ棿
̫˰ɣͻȻץɽɱĽһ飬ʥͨȻҲвɽ
ǻʥϣԼĪаѩҹ£һˡ
ǡ
½̴ʥߣ汦ڱըǡϹɽ
ɽ
ߺټʮˡ
ɽ𣿡
½̴ʥʶԲϴʥѾվۣ֮дģ


2938 㳬Խ
Ȼ̫ʱΪǿ֮һʮͼһĴڣɽһһʮͼӲ
ɽϹǿߣǰʹõķȻ
˵Ϊӡ壬ɽӡˮ֮磬Ϊɽ
ɽ֣ǿߡ
ôˣ棬ҲҲɽĴڣܵõĻ
ǿ֮У̰еɽ̫õִ֮еľ
½̣һҪõɽ
߶󶦵½̴ʥߣɱһ޶캧˿ʼһڿ羨ϺҪԵ档
õҵɽ֮ڵ棬仯֮УѿԷ˼
ɽ̫ջ˶õȻǴʥҲҪֱΪֻдʥܴ߶ɽ
ֻϧ
˶һ̣õɽ߶ɽɱһɽȻܽʥͷ߶ľ޶ͨһ顣
ɽȻһӵʥʵʿʥͷ
̫ž˸߶𣿡
Ǻεһ̫
߱̾Ϣ
벻Сϣɽֱ̫ˣ첻ܾȳܵõɽҾܳһ߶ȣ
󷽵Ǭ¶̰֮Ǭǿǣ޼аΪģγɰΧȦ
ټ컯ǿߣ첻滹޼а𣬽ǲѷɡ
ܿסʥƣ޼аҲ޼ͼԸʥͷ

ǼֻǿܶԸʥϹŶˣΧжٴʥǿߣ
˵ЩɽĴʥ컯ǬţҲвٴʥͷɣ
С׼á
ͻأ䣬޼аԪϮ
ݣ
췣֣ǿ赲޼аͻȻԦ޼ͼȻһĨǳ֮еʧټǿ֮С
Ԧĥ̴ͨɱʧ֮С

˻Ϊ׹һͳһࡣ
޼а𡭡
½ʥߣ߶޶϶棬һɻɫͻȻɨʶþ޶
žž
ɲ߷ľ޶֮ϣʥҲаִ⡣
ǰ޼а
޼аһŻɫâ֮г֣ǰܹ˴˵ˣʱ䵢󲻵ãЩϹŶмҵȡʶʱ򣬻лߣ
ߣ
˶ʱ̤޼аڵĻɫ
ӣ
췣ַ·׷޼ͼϢͻȻһɱ罣ɽɱ
ǻһ壬Σǰóһףûã޼аΧ;ͻȻ롣
޼аͻȻΧâ·ʧ
䣡
â·ֻʣ²Ӱ췣ְԵвӰղ顣
췣֣޼ͼֻ΢һЩ컯֮һ
ռ֮£޼ͼǸո췣ֻ޼ͼ𵴣޼аҲԿϢ
޼а𣬼Ȼˣαؼȥ
һʥ֡
½֮ǰ潻ֵĴʥͷƾ޶޼ͼ
޼аѵľͷ޼ͼ֮ЦеߣΪͼɣҲ̫С̫ʱǿɣ

ռһײ£ͳ״̬
ֱʥͷռԦ޶һպ޼ͼ֮ϣҲɱ˵ͷ
һײγɵĽâ䣬޼ͼֻһȻû飬Ǿ޶޼ͼİԵ˻ȥ
ۣ
޼аȴһ̣һѪΪڴʥ޶ɨ֮ʣһ֮ס
ˡ
ǰѩҹ¡Īаһʱʵ
ֻܵѪ˳û£ǲϱʥͷҲԲ
ֻвʮ޼а𣬴ʱ֮ǰˡֱˡ
֮ǰĺһϹŶ飬Ե޼аһϴģ
û£
ܣµȷû£޼аܿסʥҲ˲ᡣ
˺ް취ץҺ޼а𣺡ǰں⼸Һкܴ
ԭں޼а𣬵ǰҺŵϢ֮󣬾޼⾹ȻǱԭ˵Ϣѵܣ棬ûʥȴʥʵʥ𾳣Ҳܽԭ״̬ǴʥҲ
ͷǰȷǱԭˣɽıԭˣҲǻԵɺ֮£ںһЩǰٷã
СӣȻѾԽңӦ㣬;޼ںˣá
Ϊһ漸ǿߣ޼аʶæһΣĵСķӡԭ˰棬Ѿ֪٣ǿߵĶԽʥ֮Ҫȡ֮ͺѣΪΪʥ𾳣ҪɴҲСԭ˴羫ɣ̺˭ձԭˣﵽʥָ߶ȣαԭҺ֮ӵӦ֣û뵽㣬ҷõ컯


2939 ϣ
ڷ磬õ޼ڹõ޼ѪͬطʽǰͨȡǰϽ羫ûϽ羫ϴҲ޷ǧɽ磬ֻ컯
ԭ˵Ҫԣ˭˶
ЩˣҲֻûһΣһóԭҺ
ԭ˲Ǵеģһɽֻһ飬ұԭγʱ䣬ҪԪܵ˵һ飬һ顣
Դ֮⾫棬֮Ȼֻأ컯ҾͲˣ
״̬˲£޼аҲ·ڿʼɱ䣬ںϱԭƤ֮³ֳһЩѪɫȻһǳϢ
͵Ļָ޼аҲ֮ǰĶ࣬ʥ߶ɱ֮ʡ
޼һҶͻȻѹ룬ֻΪɫһ١
Ȼ޼ͼһЩϤϢǰ޼ͼһһ̺ռķһ֣߶ռӳȥ
޼ͼȷӵпռһ֮ΪСҲտռͨĿࡣ
һ㡢һ㣡
á
һ㣬
ܽԭڻ˵Լһ˭ţ
𣡡һɲǣ潫֮ǰںӡѩҹͻȻʩչռ
ǡ
գۣ
޼аڣӡѩҹˣںϡĿռ֮£ǾȻ棬ĳ
ΧһлΪǳɳĮصɳĮ֮УΧǿߡҲС
֮컯޼ټ޼ͼͻȻںڣ˶ΪһƬ
޼ͼ
磡
汬ռ޼аͷ޼ͼ˲䣬˶޼ͼ˵ĲӰȻ״̬µĿռ䣬һʧ컯ŵ
ߣ
ǬߴΧʥͷͬʱ֮С
ಣ
Լƾ޶λ½ߣҲ߷֮С

ĴʥԼʥ𾳣ռڻָҲٶȽ֮С
գۣ
ڻɫԼռ£ϴֹâԼ޷ݵ
оʧûϢ˲ʧΧȻ⡣
ǰԶ컯ɽ磡
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½иʥ𾳾ͷǿ߻컯šǬš½̵ǿߡ
棬СţԪڵ䣬Դʥ֮
ֱʱҲδˣо״̬ǳһٶɽǿߣԪ䣬֪컯ţҲɽ磬⡭֪ʲô⣬ҵĵ̣ɽƿ֮أ
ƿСߣ޼аҲѱҪץסǣǵ֫ٺ֮أԪŭȡ
ˣ
ۿ˫Ҫ֣
ȻΧһЩƲѰǳ
ʲô
˿컯ɽԶڰǳ
һһȥ޾ǳ·ȻһĩսٵԨ档
ٿգҽΪģΧǳռ侹Ȼ飬޷ݵѺۡ
ڳǿǣǴĩԨ޵ľ룬Ҳռѵ
ǹɱ֮Լ½ⷽϲӣһĩԨ·ƶ
ڳǿߣûһ˲ǰһĻΪ֮𺳣
ǬֶͷҲһӣһμ˳֡
ͷԨƺĩ֮£ճһԨУһ̫ŹԨһħɷϢѾ²ǺǿңҲӲڳǿ߸Ӧ
ô£
һЩǿߣ컯ɽ˲ϢɳԽϵԴʥΪϰǿ֮С
̫ۡۡκ⨺˵ȵȵ̩ľͷ
Ǭһʥߣ֮޼аͶȥŨŨɱٿԶǻԨҵɽڣ΢΢Ӧһɲ·첨
ɵģɻ˵
ҵ꣬ȥٴ֣ǻϵ֣ɵֻ𳡾ҲռֻдգҲһʱʧ
⴦ռռʧȥƽ⣬ħ͸ǴձԨӦһԨħ磡
ѵħ֮Уһħ緢ĳ޷͵֣һĳΪɣҵȴʥҲռ˴ҵȴ￴ȥ󣬵ǴԨӦòһɽС٣
ҲħĳԸɽ磬ħħʡħ㳲ɽ٣ĪֶΣ

һʱ䣬ڳʥʥ𾳾ͷԶԶǰԨһҪɱ޼а档


2940 £
ǴʥӦƺȥңԶ⣬ʥͷһһӡ
⡭
½λʥŭ
ԭעɢǴ⣬һ̣޼а޼ͼռȻΪһĨٷ⡣
Ǭ߷֮Դ׷ȥһ޼ͼͷųʧ
˾ǿǧ֮ڣƤ»ˣ֪ȥ˺δ
üʥͷԼֶͨΣΧռ䡣
ϧϢΧʮ⣬ûһʥԷټ
˵Сû°ɣ
⨺Ⱥ֮УһЦ
һЩͷϱ飬ɶһЩ
Ȼһͷڱȭ⨺ǰӵԤ֪ͨɷǣδЩ鷢
⨺Ż߳ܵ𾴣ֻܿٵ£Լ£̫ңԶ޷ʱǰԨ쳣һĻȴûпɽ֮ޣҾôʱħ翪ս⣬ȥǰ
һλϹŶɽһٽɽκźǰ˵Ҽ֮УԼٽɽռ鱨ɽδй·ȻҲйӦö֪̫ųٵĹȥɣӹżϿ̫ųʱͳֹʧ
ȷ֮е̫ų٣о˵ơ
Ȼκ˵꣬һЩϹŶֵǣ׷Ծ̾
κϣ¹ƻԴȥһˣǬߴſҲԲ˵
Ҳκѡ
˿̣
ʮ⣬ڰ֮У˫Ŀעǿ߶
ÿռͨ޼ͼϢˡ
޼ͼȻˣ޼а򣺡СӣռͨȻԽ⣬Ҳǿ˺һӣ޷֮гʱ䶺Ǵʥ֮УҲҪܵؼǴʥ޷Կռͨ磬ռͣĴʥͷ
ѩҲͷһ⣬Ͽ
浹ʲôƺʵԿռںϸΪˣ֪ӡԭˣ̫ʯ㡣
ǷԨΪαħҲԽǿңĪħĳֲΪ֪
ҹעĿ⣬Զһŷ𵴵ġ𺣡
ѩøղЩʥ˵ǴʥͷҲδ£
ɵȥףǲԾ𣿡ƿ޼ͼ޼аֱһЩ
һ̣ѩ濴棺ȥ̰ɣҲȥˣɽ硢ɽ磬ֻҪɱ㣬ѳˣһҲع壬иղҽһУ֪ͨʦʦѾЩҪ㣡
Ȱȥã磬ɽ磬Ҳ⵽˱û֮أ
ȥҲԣ
ͷֺȻѩǰҪʲô
ȻǴ£
Ҳ²£
ܲµǺǣ棬˵֮ǰǵˣڷҿɱٴΣʵȻԱǿһЩҲãܣ뵽ʦе뷨
ѩ˵꣬Īа¹ҲΪ档
޼аҲһ˼ĹЦݡ
˫Ŀ֮£ƵᣬһЦǰңǲΪˡˮ֮磿
㡭ôµģȻѩĳַθͻȻһ㣬ǵĿ档
ˮ֮𣿡
Ҳ⡣
ЦǾͳˣͷǰֱӹȻҲһˣǰһеˣ
Ҷ֪ΪʦΪˮ֮¡ЩˣѩӺ棬߶һ
棬ң
ܿ˻Ԫ
޼а̲סԶû뵽Ҽ̫ʱǿ֮һ˻ʰ⣬ָܴ̫Żڵ
˻ʣ
ʹ̫ţʱɽ磬Ϊǿ壬Ϊ˿ڶ࣬Էչܿ졣
ʱҲʼһ˻ʣ
죬֮һ
ãǿߴ󲿷ֻص컯ɽ磬ֻʮ˷Ԩ
Զ컯ɽ֮˲Ŵӻ֮⣬Ѱһ棬Ϣ
ָѩҹ¡ĪаһαԭҺҺ˻ҲܴӱԭƳ
Һ֮֮ٶȣ磬ɽıԭˣ֪ص㣬ʱȥǿ鱾ԭȡߣ
ڸоձԭˣٶԽԽ죬ʵ˵Ҫ౾ԭˣ
һ⣬治ͷůůģȻ뵽档
ԭˣ
߼֮Уԭǻԭʯֻʥ˿ֻԭʯﵽʥ־磬ܼԦҲ˵ԭʯ̤ϸߵľ硣


2941 ħ
ʦˣ
Լһ죬ѩ֮羪Ӷ
˻죿
˸ŷѩɳ棬ͼǰʮӰٶٶȴﵽʥݵĸ߶ȡ

Ӱ˲һʮӣʮꡢߵǿߣǰ
˻ǰ

û뵽ܼ̫֮꣬ʱڵǰ޼аҲ֮
˻첻ǵһμ棬ʾ֮˲Ϣ޼аϣҴϢ֮п̫ţ޼ϢȻǵõ޼ŴУܺãϻ޼ͼ
УСһӵɽ籾ԴԼ꣬û뵽˵õմŵĴУͬһƷ磬û뵽ܵõ컯
ˣ˻ޡ
˿̣淢󷽺üߣϢȻһħֵǣûо
ûԾϢ֮⣬⼸Ϸɫ֮£ܿһɫ·ĳͼڻǷӡѪ֮УܿѪɫħɷ
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̫ʱǿߣ⨺˸Ϊϡ
ֻĿһɨͿ˼
ʮں󷽣漸룬ѹǿľ˿еġħʵҲħ
ԭǾ嵱걻ħѪսħ޼аӲš
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Ҳ߼֮ţϧֻܿϡħĲӰûħǺεȴڵļ䡣
߲֪ļ̫ųħ磬һų֮ʧ
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ħ˽⣬ʵħҲˣ
ѩͻȻżˣԵɨü˵̫ʱʥʱʱΪʱʥһͳһռ䣬Ҳ壬Ϊʥߴ󲿷ǿ߶塣
ѩֻ֪Ƭ棡
˻̫̾ʱ֮ǰʱʥڵһռ䡢ɽ磬ʱؽ֮ԼֻҲдԼΪʥ˿ٿռ䣬ţˣ㲻УҲʱʱ̿컯ŵȻ컯Ŵĵ
ҲΪܴʥصĳһֺ£ȷǿ׳صʿͨǿԼʵǴ󲿷ַ˲ᡣ
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ʱⲻڣʥ˵ķɽ֮͸ɽڲķˣɽ磬Ƿ֮Уյ֮
Ǹʱڴ֮ͬ޴ڣκռ䶼У˾ʥ˲Ͽٻռ䣬Ȼͽ֮ڣûйеķˣ֮ǺεȽ
Ȼ֮УҲһЩˣǼӵйԻ֮ΪʿǾųϵķˣ¹ȥ֮е˻еȴܻꡣ
ģеꡢꡭֱ˻ǧ꣬꣬ЩΪûз򣬷֮޷ԵʣȻ󲿷˽̫֮С
Ҳ˲֮ĲͬЩ˾ͿʼԼİ취ȥͬκιȱһģһΪ֮ʹ࣬Ϳʼˣƫˣ޷ƿʹúܶʧȥҵʶ
Щꡢǧ꣬õ£Ϊħۻǿ˵¹ƫħڵȴϳʹħԽԽǿ²У֮࣬Խǿ󡣡
˵ħǵĵΪԼħԼʶףΪϹʱԼ֮ɸʱֻ̤뻯ʥȡ֮֮ܣ
ڼ֮£˻򲢲żԼԪԼ˽͡
ƺҲԶǼλħЩ
˵һ̣桢޼аĪаҹʯһ㣬Ǹû뵽ħġ
ħϹǸʱȻγɵģνħʶףʶΪħħȴҲ֪£ͨ޾µĳΪħ


2942 Ҫ뻪۶Ͼϵ
ףħħǵʶˣֻħһˡ
ˣ³֪ħ⣬ᵱħħټеˣȻὫħħԴ
˳ĬţǼħ۹ⶼͬˡ
ʱ˻ſ˵棬㣬ĴǣӦò³һЩԭ˰ɣ
ˮ֮磡ͷ
Ȼ֪ˣӦҲ⨺йذɣƺϵһ㣬󲢲
һԭΪ⨺ǰҴһЩԤԣ
ʱ⨺Ҳң˵һһˮ֮磬ڼǧǰʵ˵ʴӵڷ㣬˼һֱ壬ϣһ֮óɽˮ֮磬Щ޹ķ˾ȳ
ȻԸ⣬Ҫһˣ
Ŷ
ˮ֮磬ҪɽɣǰﻹиѣҲˣҲһɽԱһΪӡҪɽͬʱڣܿˮ֮磡
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˻뵽棬֪ˮ֮£ȴ֪һˣҲõɽ
ȻҪ壬Ҳûʲôģ潫Ԫµ˶ܺ档
ܵõɽˣȻһˣʹΪһ꣬ӵʥʵǰ޹˺ߣԪܵõɽȻŹ֮˻˫ͫ͸Ԫڴ
Լȴʮ꣡
ӰٶƬ档
Ԫѩغ쳡
ˣ˸ոսһ̸棬˼ԪʱԼԼԸо⡣
ԪҲ֪˻ԸʾʹӦˣ˿ʼ·Ѱˮ֮硣

컯ɽ磡
þûлˡ
ɽ羧ϵ֮⣬һŮӼԦһڰУϰ͸ħɷǿ߳֡
ǧ굯ָѲǰǸ֮һϯ£˷·Ǻڰ
極һٶǿ
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ŵһʹ˵ɽ磬һʥ컯ŵĵ硣
ֽܿһ磬ãһɽǰֺʮŮӡ
ˣڻˣ
ЩŮӽǰߵˣϾǻ۵ĵ£컯ҲǺݵġ
أ極ʵ
һԳŮӵС㣬Ǹˡ
ô£Īǡӹ֮ɫ楣Щš
ۿǵ컯һ֮Уһˡ
ܿʮŮͬ£һɽոս٣һЩ˼楽Թӭ
楣
û楽ţʱһߴӴ֣ǻ桮졯
棡極׵
һ񣬾ô󲿷뿪楽ʱΧһЩǿߡ
֮֮ϵľλߣʵ˵ˣˣ
ǣҲǣԭվ楣ž޲Ļشһ䣬Χǿ߳Ծ֮£һ¡
ҿûɣ
ȻҲ΢΢Щɫ䣬ɴ˿ɼȻΪ۵£컯ţС컯žһĴڣ޵λԡ
ˣ
ԭѵ楣ͻȻְհ֣ȥµ㣡
û뵽ƺ棬ȻҲΪ۶е£Ҫ˵ģ˵Ҳ壬ֻ˵
ʲô壿ϺһĻ棬˲üü楣ҪΪڳΪˣ;޷ڽƣﵽԼĿģһǷˣȻһѪҲԶŮˣһӣҪһӣ
棬Ҳ̫ףҾ͸˵׵㣬Ҫ뻪۶Ͼϵ֮뵱棬˵һӴްϵǹΪ˵Щɣ
楣ʲô˼
Ҿ˵һ飬ӴҪ뻪۶Ͼϵң

Χǿߣ󵱳Цֹ
ܺЦ𣿡Ȼ֮ǰǰһνӡ
ΪŮ޸ʸ컯楣ǰȡɵŮΪŮĳӲˣԳȥ
ҳϣңԼ嶼뷨ǻҵȷҲٷϣҲŶһˣ뻪ҵԵ־ˣҲˡ
˵ŮǺջˮȻˣ
Χһǿߣ͡
ڻҶңЩݵķϣƾ仰Ҿܽɱˣ֪極ɫȻ˱仯


2943 
ŮˣΪΪʥŮԺõȨһҿ⣬һܱ𣿡λǿ߲Ȼŭ
˵һ䣡
ȳλ֣žͷ֮ƣΡȻ楡
䡭楣
ͻȻһӴǰһǴ
ԭǻˣϧһҩ֮УɼŮӿҩ
ʱĻҩָȻǴĿĵ˺ۣҲԵüΪǷϣһ˶ʮ꣬һˣ֮ǰǸһĻۣȫˡ
ۣĮȻһЦһʱ䲻㾹Ȼ⸱ģΪ˵㣬ѵҸһӣ
󣬵㻹潫˵ңʵҾ֪ΪʲôΪŮʵҲлʥʹжĥɱ¿
ѵӦҳΪĵ£ҲΪ˿Ĵͨ𣿻ۣұ˴˱˴ˣߵ󣬶»ָΪҲǰǸۣ
楣һΪŮȥõĴͨҶϾϵҲ԰ʵŵԣĴͨطɣ
ط
˵꣬ϷĻҲͫΪȷ״̬·˲ϢҪ楷ɱ
ط
ɽ綼ŵһ˵ҪʵΪ˵õط
뻪ܲ
Χǿһһ̣ҲΪǻƵģЩǻʥʥҪɱһ楣Ȼ׵ĺܡ
һĻ֮£ʥʥƶ楻ЦطЩ˵ȥ
һλ߷Ȼ楣Ҫǣﲻ壬壬һҪɱ㣬Ҳǳף
һƳһ컯𣿱˵컯ţ컯ɽ磬ʲôοǻֻ컯һ楻ȣ
̫Ӵ֮зɳôĿΪŮδõĴȨɣˣһҪúչ컯ţʹ
楣ͣطңԿ㰲Ȼ뿪컯ţʱ֮˶侲ſԴЦ˵
ͣ£˽ͣ
һ̣޹أ潫楣꺢ӣһص壬뾡취õط˵һδɱ˰ɣҵõطһ̣ѾǸ˰ɣңǴһ̿ʼްϵ
һû뵽һݣ楣Ȼ㲻ʵֻ㣬˵ܣ
ҷи⣬һҪʵģֻ˵컯ţںδҲ·˸ˡ
һ˿мЦͱһֻȥ֪δģһҵǧУұɱ
棬ģܴħᣬȥ磬ΪСɣ˼
һ䣬֮תš
㲻ߣҲ߲ˣǻδõطߣһ
Ҹһ楡
ĪɱѹǣȻǸˣǾһչˣû뵽һ̵Цݣ˲
ǿҪúתӲˡ
ѹ㣬õطȥ壬Ϊһ֣Ц˵꣬ͶΧֻ֡
һŮ˲񣿡
һҸͷŰԵʥƣ֪ʵžϺƣһ״ӡѹ楡

楾ɿʥӡͨȻһ裬һɺԸٶȣ·һγɵӡ
ӡըѣһһΧ֮ټ󷨡磬ȻΪƽء
ֻһУͻˡ
𵴻ڲԶĵ
ܡ㲻ǻʥ𣿻ͨ磬Ϊӵвʥ
ΧҶܳԾǳһʥ֣һĿࡣ
楣ʵȻԽңֲͱӲˣȻ΢ԻۣԾ֮࣬ȴǸΪмЦݡ
ɱ
һʥҸ֣䲻Ƴһ⣬ն楡
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λǿһ⣬ȻˣȻ¡һʥǿߣʱһˣһ̯ࡣ
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ˡǿ
ɱ
һʥ𾳻ߣһŭӳ֣ʥ·̫žɱ


2944 極
㡭
ͻȻҲһץгһһڽɫһɫʯĥɡ
ڽȻǱԭħıԭϢȻ𺳵զ಻ѡ
ǲ
ཻ楻ӶбնԷʥ𾳵
ɲǣԷȻУ·ֻǾʯɵչ
ͬʥ𾳾ͷҲһƣΪΣӡϡﻩһء
ôܣ
ΧʣµʥǿߣԼһǿ߱˲ɱһľͷˡ
ŵһ
ಣ
󶯾컯ǿߣƷ
һ̣뿪Ҳ޷컯ΪС
楣㡢ˣ֮еĻۣæ·ɲ컯Ŷһ˿ҵӡ
ҵɱʥ𾳡ʥʥǿߣ
ڰ֮еĴǿߣҲǷǳ𺳣Ϊͻͷ
컯š
챻У˾ʹһǰս楣ȴֻ΢΢һЩ
һϴʥߣ콵٣̫ˣһŮҵɱˣ棬ǣ
楼ûߣûг֣λߣԶԣ˵Ҵ󵨣ɱ컯żӣʹˣȺ΢ĴڣĿǳ֮ɱ˰ˣΪ󵨣
ħ˰ɣѹˣλߴδϵ˸ҵ˵棬ѿ
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楺ȻץһɽĮ͸ϢϢһҲһħ
Ůħ׹ħֳˣ޲ͷųϢоġ
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źڰħգſ極ʵ塣
Ůڶ̶̼ǧ꣬Ů޵
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Χǿ߲Ͼ£컯ɽһʥأɽܳΪһȻǿߡ
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ʱ͵űѹ楣纮¡
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ΡȻ壬ӰͦΣӣԺҲǣҲǣѲӣ䣬Ϊֻһеʱ򣬶Щǧ֮꣬һԪļԪͷЩϣǵĹԣѾⷢⷢȣ
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ӡȻΪĹ󣬾֣ͻȻӡ֮г޷ݵķ籩


2945 úڰĸЩ

ܶ˾ΪŪǺεû˸ҿǹɺڰ籩
Ұ˱ħҲС㣡
ڰӡԼ籩֮УͻȻһˡ
ӵа˱ۣԴһСɽ㾪ˡ
ħġ˱ħ
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ŮϢټħ·Ŵ֮УԽ֮ԶŻԪǰܣΪҲӵлϢֻʥ־࣡
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ˣˣˣ
ʿڱĿռڰ֮УΧһ鱾ԭˣΪģǿ󣬽ǻɫʣӿڡ
ص̫һ棡
ԭݵķʽںϣԭ˲ϻΪҺ̫һա
楣Σ
̫һ˫ͫоڻĺԼܿһЩ֮ͫпٻ
Ȼ޶沢û컯ţ컯ɱң򿪿ռͨħǿɱ컯š
ֻϣνߣģʵɱĪ컯ž̫ãȥһɽ磬ѰұԭˣħıԭˣΪʦõģ

ʹ۷ħɱɽ磬ΪԸνɵˣħӺúϣɱҪ׸߶ȣǳ룡
̫һţȻںϱԭˣħɽռԽԽˡ

Եĺڰǳ
˰ɣߴصġŻء
Ӱ⺮֮УԻʥٶԽڰâԶһƯŴγɵķ档
˻룬˵ǷһЩܡ


2946 ˮ֮
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˷׷׺濴ȥ
ߴ˽֪ÿˣȥߴأϾÿһڻһ̫޷Σա
ˮ֮ڼŻظǿ쵽ˣ⸽Ƚ϶࣬ҵģҲмԪû
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ǳʾ޴ĺܣһЩֻ桢籩ʱʱ٣Ƭǳʱ絴ĺ
Լ֮˾ͼһƬڰâûκоһڿݾ
˻ܣˮ֮Ǵ֮С
ʵˮ֮Ҳһ˽⣬Ȼߵļ䡣
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˻ܣΧİ֮УһųϢż
һɽȻƯŵĺڰ֮Уɽͬһ㣬һɽ壬ƾû˿ƵģƯںڰĺϣɽ֮ºڰǿγһռ̵״̬⴦ռ䱻ӡڴˡ
˿֮ʣԪ̾ɽϢ
ˮ֮ڣ˲ˣ׷׿˻졣
츺ֶ̫ų֮󣬱ս屻塢塢ħΧˣܣ뼸˻ʲˣ䣬һЩ˱ͬͣսˮ֮硣ɽ統ʱһǿߣ߶ɽӡһˣõߵһЩУԻӡټɽշӡΪɽˮ֮ѹ棡
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˻ɽĲ޲꣬ǿӡĴڡ
غ񣺡ǰǴ򿪷ӡ
취ֻȡɽȻ취ƽӡһȡɽ󣬴ɽְ취ãԹ֪һҪ㣬Ǳ뽫ÿһɽӷӡ֮ɽȡɽ棬ӡڣʵ޷˵ӿٶȡ
˸ȥӡɽſɽȻʮڲ̺ŷӡϢԼ˶Ρ벻ѣ̫žޡ
ÿ˴δɽд뵽ӡ֮ɽԺġ
˻ɽգɽ룬Ȼָǿɽ壬γɵĺۼӦþɽ֮ǰڵķӡ֮ء
ȷɽϢԪҲȥգ۾ʹӡɽɽš
ĪаתΧɽ֮Уİɽ
㣬˽δ̤벽
ͻ˻챧ȭиɻ󣬼Ȼɽӡˮ֮磬ҪĵطΪɽδɳǿأ
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֮󣬾ͷŸӦϤӡɽ
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ɽ
һɽ޵УնɱǿߣܵõΧɽɽǵ⣬ǵһҲǵڶľˡ
þ֮ٴξۼˣԪ棬ǵõɽУֻд취ɾȡɽȻ򿪷ӡȻĻֻ򿪣¸꣬޷٣
Ԫһھεɽںãӡֻһ㣬ʥʵҪȡɽ⣬ֻп磬ΪѾõߵĴУ
õߵĴУûⷬһֱݲȵ죬һ𺳿档
֪Ϊ˼Ϊ̫ʱ˻һϵģǰã


2947 ֻϣ
ߡ
һ˲ƺ֮Уܵ죬̾Ĵֻ̫ţ̫ųˣѵҵ̫ųٵĵط
ϴαѪǿѪѹȻȥħʥħ֮Уû뵽ˮڶ뿪ӣѾ̫ŷ֮УʱҲһͷˮ
ɲˣԺҪȥ̫ţϣҵ̫ЩٵǿߣϣǻָʵȻõߴУһ֪ɽԦ֮Լӡ
඼ˣ
򿪷ӡɽǵѾɹһ֣ȡʣĿɽӦⲻСӣΪģȡĿɽȻ취Ըӡɽ
ǰԵȣͿʼ
²˳٣ҪˣȻҲõĿɽʵٴ޷ĸ߶ȡ
˸޷֣ԪҲһ֪⡣
ڷӡɽ֮У콫ԼӦ͸ʮÿ䡣
ĬĬȴţѩȻʵʦ㿴Ϊϣûʥʥʵ
⣬ΪʦӿʼͲˣСûһֻʮʥ˵һԼ֮·ˣǵҲᷢı䣬û뵽˳Ե֮Ȼɹˣ˻̾
Ȼ˲һ桭ܵõ˻޵ˣɲࡣ
֮ѩ֮˽⣬Ѿ׵ףܵΪ˲
ѷ̫ʱǿߡͷ׷Ƕɾͣʥ֮£ҪʥˣΨдƷ򣬿ϧûΪʦҲȴˣ
첻ϳޣҲԼĽߵ󣬶ᳬԽڷҲʥˣѩˣΪʦ̫ʱǿߣվڴʥ۷壬ʵʥ˵ĴڣЩͷǶ޷Ʒ򣬶ͬһʱڵʿͬһɽȻȱ޷飬Ǽ֤ߣ֪𣿡
ʦ˴Ͽɣ֮·ǧգҲֻߵ;˭֪δǷܳԽˣ
ƷѩĽ֮УЩʡ
˵ȴţΧ⺮Χʼᶳ
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ӡ⣬ȻĿɽǰշӡģǷӡɽӡǣȴӡҪȡɽһЩѶȵģ
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ΪӡɽǴʥͷӡɣڲʯ֮жǴʥʥǳѣȻҲԣ̫һ֮ҪĴɽҪʱ޷
˻ɲͬǵʥϾͷֻҪӳԼϣԴʥѹĿɽķӡ
Ǽ֮УǿȻ˻죬Ȼ޼аʵҲϾֻʥ𾳣ֻǱʵǿһЩ
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طʩչ֮£˻ʴʥڣˣ˲ӵдʥ
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ĳֺڶĹһĻĵӡǣԻΪ׶ĴӡɽɽϷ
ϢСӣͨҴδ˻̫ྪϲλá
ӡ㣬Ī⣬ҲΪ⣬˻ȻҲ֪Ĵڡ
ӡǴͨԴʥ߶ɽڲҲڲӡѹĿɽķӡ磬ʼӡǷգٶԽԽˡ
˻ʲΪȻҲɽڲӡһĻЦڡ
ʮ֪꣬ٷӡӡԴʥ߶ɡ
ʱˡ
˻ͻȻڸӦ״̬£Ϊʹʥ;УĹΧɽ
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ճɹˣʥǿɽϵķӡ֮ʣһ𡯣һץȻǽ֮Ϯ


2948 ֻ£
Χɽγɱըĵ⽣âۣΧͱѹһɫâ
ˣ
һڿɽΧ˷ܳ
նҡͷֻȡɽӡɽڲӡδҪɽ߶ӡշӡɽڲķӡٵǧ꣡
ǧǿߣʲôһ޼аɽõһѡ
ԪһԣֻۣǾЩģоǱⶼΪ˻Եʡ
û˻ʾʥʵҪȡһɽҲҪǧ꣬ʱ䡣
濴ңǧ껹һ֣֣Ҫʼɽټ˻ǰԴʥǾͨӡɽڲķӡ磬һ磡
Ϣһӣں󱾾ԭӡʵʵѾ
žͿʼ桢ԪΪ˻һͷŴʥͨӡʵɽڲֽӡԪںϣԸٶ͸ʮɽڲ
˻̲סͷ״̬̾ϢСӣ㾹ȻܽҴʥʥʩչʥֶ̫ͨˣֻʥٱʵҵ㾹Ȼʩչһٱʥʵ
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洦ںϸӦ״̬µԪҲǵһڿں
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ʱ˵״̬ͷų͸·ʮÿһʯ֮С
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Ԫӡںϱ󣬵ھϹʱЩͷӡһҲں˷ӡʱӡӡǣһ˲нʧȥӡǣͿʼܿƣʧ顣
ʿھҲùƣȻ޼᲻ݣҲҪӡһѹӡҲˣķӡӡǣʧȥƣֻ顢ɢ
ʱΪ׳һĻˣΪƿٳҲĦȻγ桢ϼһĹâʵӡɽ˲Ϊʮ嫵ϼⳤӡ
ںϸ硭
ˣΪж󷨣һӡںϣ⣡
ʱɲ󻯵ڲ󷨸ںϣһϹŷ£ŸŰ꣬һ㡣
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һɽһӡ֮£ڶ뾹ȻγһħΪķӡռ䡣
ӡռ֮УƯĳڽҫʡ
濴Ƭ̣Ȼ򣺡Ϊӡ֮еġԪһһַӡռ䣬ӡߣʶռ֮У·ЩħӦþǴˮ֮ӡ֮ռ䣡
Ԫɻʵħ֮УЩʲô
һˮ֮ȻΧ磬ȿ
ЩǹԣȴҲħɷаϢһֱ֮
Ҳ֪ûΣգ˼󣬵ʮ껯ԪһϷĽ磬ڣ·ſֲħɷǰ
Ӧ촩͸󷨣ڿħ֮Уռټ¿ռ䡣
ӡռڣܵȻ˻ǼħϢһ
˻챯̾ϢΧϢȻΪƣˮ֮磬ǿߵӦǴڲ磬޷򿪷ӡЩҲͱӡ֮
ЩƺɫĶʲôһ̣Ԫ˫ͫôģʮ飬ÿһ鶼һɶĺɫ


2949 ٱ䣨ϣ
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˻ʿ¶ŵɫħһ飬һǿ߾ܶڵȻɵһʯγɹ뱦ʯʯ󣬵ħֱӾħ̣ħʯȱԭˡ
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2950 ٱ䣨£
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֮ǰǿҲ٣ͬʱһɻգΪͻѪѪԳԼ״벻ں֮󣬻ȡ
һĻԪߺдһţѪѪҿǼΣ
ȷҹҲ̲סһᣬڴʱϤ棬һЩ
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ѪѪԽԽҫۣؼڲӡԪҲ޷ƴʱյѪ


2951 
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2952 Ԫ壨ϣ
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󣬲ͷˣҲ֪ʲô磬оʥ𾳣񣬸оǴʥҲ֮ʧȥھ͸оκΪã

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˻죬˭겻ѣĽ֣Ҳ룬֪˴Ҳ͸һȥ
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ǳȥȵȣΪʧȥӡӡɽ˻һȥ
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2953 Ԫ壨£
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ҲǵһμħսħȻ޷ͨǾԼٶȣȭͷŷƣһȭһɱŴʥ޷ƥеƻ
ħһȭͷԻңԶҲ˵ħһȭԻһ컯ŵǴʥƻ
ħɱòɿʱˣҪѹͷԸǬ־ͷ
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Сӣɳдʥһٱ߶ȣܿסһٱʥһǿ
ǿҲһ֮⣬ע⵽ġΣɵ÷
ǿʵȻǿ˵ز˵֮ǰ٣Էһ컯
󷽼֮ˣҲעİΣ
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໣
ħħĮӿƣûԼʶǴͬȻȻԼ뷨Ԫ


2955 ѹϣ
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ִ˷ӡӴˮ֮ɳ룬㣬ʵͳΪ
Ҫδ뿪ˮ֮磬ڳܽޣʲôʸ񣿡
ʸһûУȭͷ㲻ϣ
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˵ʱʱ죬С༤ŭˣſ죬һһڰ׶Ѫɫ档
СӣĪ⣬жٱʥʵԶħսǿߣѡ
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ĨЦЦͻȻͬʱʮλȻ˲γһصͨ档
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ʵ֮ǰ컯֮ǰδȫȭʵ̤ʥ·һжˮɡ
ȭʮʽˮһȻ໥ںϣգʩչȭʮʽʧˣڻͨΪһ֡
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֣ʵҲôԽŨңϾ̫֪ԼʵΡ
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ԶȻ֪ȭ֪ʵԶԤϡ
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Ҳı乥ƣնǣȻӡ顣
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һֲ֣â˳ǰ㼯һǧ׾޴Хһβͳͷ˳ȥ
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ĵˮӣʩչԹâеһƬΪ˽⡣
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˵̰ʵ
ߣɱ㣬֪ͻȻûˮеβ;籩ࡣ
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ͨһͬɱֲǴѪ֮󣬻ͷòǱ
Сӣǿǻһ壬С̫˻ʣû뵽ϣ֮ĲֶΡ
̫ǿһʱڵĴڡ


2956 ѹ£
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ڻиҪҪˮ֮磬ϣԽŵǿߴȥ

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κϣɷħɷռ䣬Խɽ磬ȥһЩɽ磬µýɽ綼飡
ǧɽǿߣھƶռ䣬֮⣬ǲҿ
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ҵŴγԳУɽȥһˣһˣֻټɽ֮ǳ棬˶ƣǿռ䣡
ΪٽɽĸˣϹŶκҲûж취ʵǿһ֮޷޴Ԩռ䡣
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һλҡҡͷκϣЩҲԶʱǰ컯űħǿϮ컯ҲħǿߺУǬɽ硢̫ɽɽ磬Ҳħ֣ħȫ汬ЩȻȹ˼ɵɽ磬Ȼ⣡
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̫һǰ¹
Щħͷеϳǣеĸɴһͷħţħǿռݴ롣
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̫һΧԭϣ޳ֳı˰ɱԭЩ˰ӡǿд顣


2957 ڰʥĸϣ
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ڰʥĸϢվһħϷ̫һ棬Խ
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ԭˣҲǴǿߣֲƬ⣬ǿħ֮Ҳ޷նɱ㣡
ڰ֮ĸҸһѡڳҿԸһ·
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ڰʥĸ˻ƴЦš

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ǰϢʼǰںϣЩħǿߣٿͨɱ֮⣬̫һǰ⣬Ϊ⣬ܿγһɶ೤Ĵꪡ


2958 ڰʥĸ£
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ʮħǿߣǻ֣̿Ȼϣ̫һսʤڰʥĸĲǡ
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ڰʥĸӰ˲Ϣû̫һ棺ڱĸţ㲻ǿߣ⴩󣬿ռͨ㽫Ԫںϵܾ˵زĸҲδǿߣ⣬ڱĸģһɽݶˣڱĸ⣡
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ǰɫڣ԰ңȻ̳죬Ȼһʮﾪ˵ĺڰ籩֮ռҲ޷˺ѶٴѺۡ


2959 Ϊ
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ʶԽ֮ϵġ硯
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ڰ籩Ҳͳͳһ̣Ϊʯգ֮ʣʯʮΪʯκȥڰʥĸǰԼΧĺڰʯ
̫һʩչνġ硯ͨ£ǰﾹȻΪһĺɫʯһ½ͻأƯ֮У޷ݣ𺳾ħǿ߶޷
컯˲ðʯ˾޴ʯôҪһɽ磬Ҳܼ򵥣
ɽ綼ô򵥣Ǵ̫ʱʿɽ硣

ɽҲ޾Ҳֻٿ̫֮࣬һٶȡɽ磬²ν̫ʱһԪֻҪǧ꣬׵ٸɽɣ
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ڰʥĸͻȻͷһ̴֣ʯҲ㣬´󲿷ӰһƬѪɫٶȥԨ֮С
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ʯ飬̫һ沢ûȥ׷ɱڰʥĸ

ˮ֮磡
ˮ֮Уû⣬ˮɫ޷
ȻһӴ죬ع֮С
ϴһۣܰ綾
ع֮УĪаѩҹ¡غ쳡Ԫۼ֮еȴţΧһ˿һһ
˶ͷֻǣһࡣ
ع󣬲
ﾹȻ̾һǧ׶೤ȫõĹһߣһͷ
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𺳵ףۣҼȻߣҲõ崫УֻҪӦһ֮ȻÿһǿߣܾˮȻ뿪عɽ磡
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2960 ǿϣ
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2961 ǿ£
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2963 ǿɱϣ
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˼Цܣʰ㣬棬ҾǧĶԹһڴ˽ᣡ


2965 ɱʥħͷ
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ʱǨ˭֪Ƕ˶ѳΪʥһһĴʥǿߡ
ﶯط·Ϊķۣս𣺡楣ҶҶҲͰˣ뾡ɱȴδ޹㣬Ϊֻ֮;һְˣ޷СһУһӱ㣡
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ΧǿǣһĻסˡ

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ʱֲδֳǿּ˲ϱ任λãռγǧ׶ྪ©ΣɼɱôĶǡ
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2966 
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ӡĮȻŷѩŮ˱ɱΪһûеߵˡ


2967 ̫һķԪӰ
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ΧžûȥԸ޼аˣΪǶ̫һסˣŪ⾿Ǻεȴڣɱʥ
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󷽻Ӧҵõ̫ʯ֮ҾͿ֮δĵӹͨ벻δľͷԴԽʱ䣬ƿռδ̫ʯİɣ

ܶͷ޲ö֡
Ҷ侲ˣ̫ʯ˽⣬ȻԼˣ
δʱעһһ
̫һ棬ҸһѡԲúãҪԶ֣ǱԶ֣һŵʱ̫ʯȻʹζɲܣ


2968 δ
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2969 ˻ʵһ
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աղһɲǼ䣬Ϊһ̣֪̫һȻ޷˵ҵˣҵҲܵشδ棬ͻȻо̫һ棬ûκơ
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2970 ӵ壨ϣ
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۴̫ʱڣ̫ʱʶǿߣΪǿҲʹʥ۷壬̫һֻҪһ࣬ҡ˻սƽ֣˱֪಻СӣöһЩ̫һ£һδʿǵ̷۰Եʮ㡣
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޼аܿҲСҹ¡غ쳡ԪӸһھͷҲû뵽塢ۡȻƺƵ̤ڤϼɽ硣
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˻ʿ棬ɻ󣺡ҲףڲɽΪʱҪڤϼɽ磿
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ʱ̻Ի͵ƶڣ˻ţ̫ʱѾʶ
Сӣúø˵˵̫һ棡
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治Ҷȣʱμ棬Լ̫һݣ̫ʯҲ˵
˻̾Ϣ̫ʱľͷһͫҲڷŴ󣺡̫һԭδһͷҲǻ磬ȴС磬λӴ֮£̫һ澹ȻǴͷֲôǿܴʱգδȥͨʥҲӵУ
˵δ֮Уδǵˣƺӷǳǿ޷׶Ըĵӣõ̫ʯԲŴʱգɱ㣿һ˻ʣԼ˶ʧ˻Ҳǻ̻̲
Ȼδͳһⷽ⣬Ϊ𣬹̫һɱ㣬һжʧǰΪʥǿߣȴû뵽̫һ棬ʥҲһأۣҵ뾡ӣԸˣ
˻ʣʵȻ̫һ֣ΨȥٻЩпܻɽ磬һЩԨļԪǿߣǶǻһԪĴڣŴʥ۷ʵΣ
ãټԪǿߣ̫һҰģħսڱҪۼɽԸ̫һ棬ǳѣ
ټԪǿߣҲԸɽϹŶȥȰ˵ɽֱӳЧã
˻ɵ̫һǿһ֮ǾҪȥѰЩϹŶ
ԪǿߣЩһԪ֮õľϹŶ⨺һǿߡ
ͻȻ˵˻ϵܣǷȥǿһ壬Ǽ룡
˻ʲȻŭĳЦ壿ɺ޵壬սƻϹսʱڣڱ塢ħԸ壬ħԸ壬Ըħ壬ɱ̵
ǰ塭ǺεһڣʵҲܺ棬·棬žδܽ
λã̫ʱ̫ɽڵߴʱ֮УΪ̫ɽԶţǴʱ棬̫ʱǿߣͽӡһЩסУΪ塣


2971 ӵ壨£
Ԫ֮ͳΪʥأռ䲻Դޣɽǿߡ֮С
Ȼʲô˶򣬻ӰǣԼ߸ϵ񣬺ǾȻΪǿ߽򣬾Ϲһδħսħǿߣս֮䣬ǿߵȥҲˡ
һ˻ʣһδս֮䣬̻󣬱һϹŶѹӡڷӡ֮УҲЩǿߣҲֻܵĹƻħħ塢ħ塢˱ħ塢ħ塢ѪȵȣҲܵ尵һף𣡡
Σ־·£໥ɱ̤·֮Уղٷ֮һ˻һֻмٵ˵õϿɣ뾡ɽǿ档
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۳Цø壬۾Ȼ֪Щ⹲ͬƲʥʥأȻռ˻֣Ԫǿ߹Ҳ֮Уҵȥһ壡
ͲȥΪһǾɱңһɱңٴζ壬֪ˣҲҪһ⣬ҲһЩ̫ʱڵġˡ
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ҶҲĵơ
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һֱӡǣټħ棬Ȼħ·ն£ټħڴʱǰ󲻵ʮϢͿʼֿڲɽХıըԼ顣
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ħǿǹ£Ͷء
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Լһʱħǿ߻ˣһʮɴıԭˡ
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ԭʯԪ
ΪʦʽΪϴ裬ñԭӵлں֮ʵӵдʥ۷壬Ȼȥɽ磬ΪʦȥһɽռԭˣסΪʦ˵ģ֮ľǱԭˣҲǻԭʯΪʦܷվ۷Ĺؼ
лʦ컯֮
ȻǺףʵ̤ʥ۷壬ζҪ
ڵء


2972 ӦĶ
ڤϼɽ磡
̫ʯƯǰʱգƯټ
Ϊӵ̫ʯԵʣҲ̲̫ʯ߶ʩչǧʱ߶̫ʯΪһЩ
ʱİţʱʱ̿ڴţ̫ʯжʶѾԽ̫ʯ֮һĵط
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컯һǧģһ
ʶϵ̫ʯȻ䣬һϤɣ̫ʯ
ǰ㣿
ʶ紺զҰԭ濴Χ̫ʯڲ磬Ѱλǰ
һӰΪһϤģ޵ĳ֣棬ԵҲԵ̫ʯһΪҲһΪû뵽ܻˣ㣡
ھϲ֮УʧҪҶȵģټǰ֪ǰ̫ʯʶλף
Ӱ޵ĵӣզȻޣʶȴ𵴲ϣҲʯʶҲǻףǻ֮еĹ˳֮ΪӦ
Ӧһͷˮ
ټޣ׼ΪϵҲŻҲܻҵԵʣ棬̫ʯػıԴʯ飬ʧȥ֧š򣬻ᵼ´飬ټһ飬硢Се𼣣֮ɥǻĽ
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ǿҲ
δ
̫һѾۡ˻֣鷨Ŀǰ֪
ӰͻأΪ档

λʱһټƿնӰ˶ʱҶȡңݼʦ𣡡
δȻδǿĵӣԪӡСҹ¡غ޼аһ֡
ʦ𣡣
ҶȡңĿ£ٴι
棬ĵӣǿ޼аһһͷˮȫʵΪƾնΪ׵ĵӡ


2973 Ҷңϣ
ԺΪǰͣ
ٶȼӿһЩ¼ˣȥӡ̫ʯĽƣҶȡң档
һμҶȣȻңͷһ棬˶ĵӣԭЩɣϣ沢δκطʹϲϢңڷŨޱȵĲ
ȻϤϢֻ̫ޣҪӴ
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ۣ
ʥͷɣһǱѪ


2974 Ҷң£
ңȻԵĺҪҵҲɱˣ첻ó⴦Ʒ棬Ҿ͵ɱˣ
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̫һӦ֮Уòٻ֮ơƳһ̫ʯķһ÷ûʱȥƣҾô̫ʯֱʦе̫ʯ϶ΪһҾռȻ
ˣҽ̫ʯ㣬Ϊǿ󣡡
߶ڵ̫ʯͷų
Ҷ˺󼸲ʦ̫һ̫ǿ󣬹ҵֲܶԸǷ̫ʯںϣҰҲ̫󣬷ǱȲϱģԻǵںϣնɱ̫һһôʱգһȥδʱɱ̫һ棬̫ʯںϣֹ


2975 ɱ
һҪʱգȥδԾҴСδҪʱգȥδ
Ϊ̫ʯδʦصδնɱ̫һ汾𣡡𺳵棬Ҷնĵͷ
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ͻȻҶԽƣһץһ޽һʥͷ󱳣ϮС

ҶִһץϲŽĴʥǿߣץָ֮£ǿˣǵ³
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ΪΪͬʦֱ𣡣俴ͷ˲ŭȫն
ʣµĴʥǿ߼ʩչϻ֮Ҳһɱ
ǿǿɱСʱյʿʦᲢۣʦܿǴİŶСռ䣿ɱǾһֻϣңЦ
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̫ˡҲѪڣδʥɱһĻǼˡ

䱯ߡεˣʥʥ𾳡ʥڳ롣
ҶƺĿΧȥֶӦûһ𡭡ΪǿҲˣһս
˶ȥˣҲٶ˵һ仰ΪɱҶѪֶ塣
Ҷʱ˵ˣӦڤϼɽǿߣųɽ֮Ĵڣ
ɽ֮ȷΪʥ̤ġ֮СǿߣҶ˵꣬Ҳ޼а˽ӹһΧϢ
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ڣֻҶȡң档
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洦ں֮С


2976 һһ
Щʦ˵̫ͼ岻󣬷ʦھ绹δﵽ۷壬ҪֵͼУϣܺܿҵɽıԭˣøʦУ
ңҶҲڽڣʱ̹ע״̬
޼аԪӡСҹ¡غϢ
ע̫ʯںϣüҶȣ˵˵̫ʯڵܣ֮ǰҷʯڵʶԳԼΪӦ
ȷӦǰҲżȻõ̫ʯʱʵͱʱǿ̫࣬ں̫ʯҲ˳һЩӦǰӦ֮Ӳ֪̫ʯһΪһȥȥʦõ
λӦǰ󲻷
Ӧǰ֪Ĵڣһʱڣɻ絮̫ʯڣֻӦǰһʶںδû֪Ӧǰ֪ȥδνܡ
ԭ̫ʯֻӦǰһʶ󾪡
Ϊ̫ʯҲӦ
Ҷȡң⡣
ңͷϴʥֱӻΪӡԪˣǿ
һ̣Ҷȼ渵ӦǰԤԣ˵̫ʯ޷ںϣӭһٻ磬ԼⳡƽٵӦߣʦ𡢵ӻ̫һ档һ̫ʯⳡƽҲͻ⣬ȻڵδʱΪƽٶ𣬼Ȼ̫ʯҵʦ׵־ʦͽֶԸ̫һ棡
ΪҪԸ̫һ棿һΣǸãߺ벻ס
ʦ𣡡
ңƿ¶ɱ⣺̫һɲһˣޣܶǿһˣҲĺ֮һΪջߣɲʲôƽ٣Ͳһ𣡡
Ҫʲôֻͫһ
ңɱ̣ΪˣΪˣΪooΪף̫һһõ֮е̫ʯΪ̫ʯǻĴڣõ͵ڻ׵ԳΪסֵ֪ƽܻһУӦǰͲúƽٽ٣磬úƽ֮նɱǿߣ̫ʯĻ
ˡ伫
ûƽ٣δʱһһһгΪ棬̫һ̫ʯؽ
֪һе棬ò̫һҰģԼƻһ˿벻Щ
ʦ𣬽Ҫõ⴦С磬籾ԭ֣̺Ԫʣʵ̫һһӦͿʼ뾡취ռԭˣȽڤϼɽ籾ԭҳ
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Ҷ˵꣬ͷŻ龻֣ؿռ𽥷Ŵ
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û뵽㣬龻ڲʼԪӰᣬ˿һ棬һȻߣǱԴϼ⣬ܿԴʯ룬һ鱾ԭ˴ʯ֮У˸˸
Ǳԭ˸һ
Ҷƿͨ΢΢һϲλˣӦþνⷽڤϼɽɽ֮
ʵֻϧ޷ԭˣֻںϼΪҲԽ˴ʥң޼ɵ
ˡ
龻֮УǸɽ֮͵ת˫ͫŻͫ⣬һХǣ֮ǰȻڤϼɽΪУǿ֪ǱӻĴڣǻҿӱԴ
ңɲʲôɽ֮ιԭ޷óɣȡñԭˣҪԸһδǿߣҲ²¿ӦøӦ˵ˣ̫һ棬δⷽʱգһվ壬һ
ɽ֮ڻ龻֮УʵޱȣǶҲǸ̫һ棬δʱ
ҶȰԵͷҵǿУҲĵˣΪţҲ䣬ڤϼɽҲʧҿɲǿ㣬Ѿо⴦С磬λʧȥƽ⣬һ̫һⷽ籾Դ
ʦܣ˹˵ǲеģȥһܲͳˣңͻȻ΢ЦȻһƾʧ
ҵĵӣ
һһ
Ǽδӵɱϣʱʦȴϣ뾡ʵ

룬컯ɽ硢Ǭɽ硢̫ɽ硢ѩɽɽΪΪߵʱա
ǳ񷡣
һаʱգǹ齵γɵϼâԣԶƬ
⴦貵ϼʱ֮УŲϼ磬â֯ɵ
룬һϵĹ㳡룬һ޴ʯţ·ͨĳʱա


2977 
ʯԶʯͷȴʯɣϱʯǶʯʥׯϡ
㳡Χ۵ǿأЩʿÿüģһҫ۵Ľӡ

ʦЩˣȥɽ
֪ɣǺòͨ·棬Σ̤뻯ʥűϿɣ̤ҿɲٻɽ磡
̤ôֲǴƼˣǧڣ㹦͵㣬ʽĽ컯šǬš̫ɽЩĵӣ
ټ㳡Χ໯ʥɵ۾ʿڹ㳡˷һɨҲ˾ۼһġ
֮ţ
ʯűɽ̤ɵ۵ǿߣ֮ء
Ķ䣬ŶأΨһʮĹ㳡Ưǹ貵ʱ֮С
еãûκ֣ҲûдУؼ㣬Ƕ֮ɼݣ΢ڹ㳡һճȺƮ
֮ǿߣƺҲ
˼ʣ֮ǿ֮⣬Ȼһɹâ·ǿշһȺͷŹϢǿߡ
˻ʡۣǶˣЩϹŶٲνħսȻ˱ɣսڱ̵ǲܵˣ
ҵȥߴѰ׷ʥ˽ŲǵֹǽȥɵģǽȥҵҲм֮
Ŷʮ󲿷Ϊߣһ˵ľǿߣѾ֮֮⡣
Ϊ˻ʡۣѾ׷ԲԵߣÿϵϢµĲɣ
˿̣֮еĲѲǿߣ˿硣
һͷâʹüĽӡޱҫ۵ˣĮϣǲмһϹŶʵԷˣ˭ֻг䷢ֻг룡
ۻΪһӣ˿ǿϢһȣȥǿߣҵҪ߲棡
ǿЦʥأûߣܽģ֮ţ춼Ҫţ
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ڳǿǣЦһһȵҡͷ
ͻȻΧǿߣԼ˻ʣ֮Ц廹壬ЩˣֻΪĿŹɲĹ񴫳ԱЦЦ
壬Ȳˣ
ڵǿߣûһʶۣҲ֪˻ݡ
һ翴һȺлӣ̫࣬뿪ɣʶȤһ㣬ѿ

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ڲЩǿߣһ̴֮УſǰЩȻز¶ǳԽһʥǿߵĴڡ
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ۿ֮Ϸ߳壬֮ⷽǳγɷ籩
֮ˣǿߣЩȴټİ˷ˣ޲оĶ챻ѪԪ
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ףȻüһ᣺ң룬̫ʱڣ̫ų֮󣬱һֱ֮бչأ˳Ϊ


2978 

Ϲʱħս֮Уɱʮ˱ħԼʮħĽ
ϲǡۡۡȵۣħս֮У
ʥǿߣʱϷƲǵԶʮϹŶǲͷκϢ
еĽͷ˲ͨδʩչƣҪɱˣҪɱǼʥӦò¡
һϹʱϹŶ֮ΪԪǿߣ֮ɽ֮ʵĴڣ˭ҵ
壬ҲϹʱϹŶ˿졣
˲䣬ʥǿߣ׷
һʥߣƽʱ֮ſ֮ϣȴ񣺡֪ǰͻȻ򣬿ʲô£
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ӦǾʩչ׷˿ֲʮ֮ʩչ̫ͨѣ̫ѣ
ڣˣԼǿǣ߲㶼ͿǶǶʮ˷ǳ档
׷ΪһͨߣһԽüҲ˲٣һϹŶģйһĸ߲㣬˵дҪ飡
ҵ֪ͨǰȽϢΣʥͷȻʮ˽֮š
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һǿ߶ܺ档
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ˡ˻죿Ȼ
ɽԸ壬Ѱ峲Ѩ˻ʻ֪ɽκж´ﲻѰ·𣿡
ĪΪ⻹Ϲţ̫ʱʱһ˻ʣǿʢѣֻʣһ˻ţΪвɣ
ʥǿǣҲʯһ㡣
ǵţȥչͷۻᣬúһ˲Ϣ̤âȥ
ȥ׼ǧҪЩˣǾ˻죬˴̫ʱĴУ
ϹŶʵɭɭΧ
ȥʣˡ
û뵽˻쾹Ȼ̫죬֪У
Īʲôıɣ
ǲŻɽ˻뿪ģ
û뵽Ϲʱô֮꣬ӭһս
Ҳ겻ѣʶ˻ĵж仯

һգ̫ʯԼһӡʵҲٱ߽ٱʥ
ڤϼɽ磡
صڣڵ滺â
ʦʵ԰ϲʦ𣡡ңӭ
պҶҲˣ
ң߳󣬾ͼҶȶԷһӰ
˵̫һҪٵڤϼһǶԸ̫һ棡ǵӰ˵
Ӱ˵꣬ʧҶȸ


2979 ɽ籾ԭ
һ̣޼аԪӡСغ쳡ҹһֱ뿪塣
Ϊ׵ǿǣЩӰʧȥ˿

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΢һɨͷ֮Ув˶̤ʥ߽λһͻʥ𾳡
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˼Ƭ̣ϵͷ죬ٵۡ˻ǰټǿߣʱ֣һܶԸ̫һ棬νħս̫һʱնѾú壡
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ңȻ΢Ц˵ǸӦһĴڡ
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ҪǣδѾˣҪģ̫һɱҶȡңû˹ȥûʦ̫ͬһҲɱǶˡ
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չ֮ǰ滹רȥϹС
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ȻҲûǿߣżʥԼʮʥ𾳡ϰʥһ֮С
СӣʵҲˣҲڽʥħһͷ֮УʥһǿڣΪϴ衣
λҽʥ̫ŻǣǱԭҺںϣԭ˳֮Ϊԭʯʥ˲ں֮Ҳʥˣ׷֮·
ڣ浱շƵʥ
ʱӱԭ˲϶ҺһεںϴʥѪٴÿڡ
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ƬΪɳСԻԪֱѪҺ


2980 ̫ŵǿǣϣ
ԭʯӦ֮£뾭ѪҺȥÿ䣬ȻʼѪ֮С
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ټϵʯ֮ǰ˻ʡ۵ˣʯǰֱâ˲䴩ȥ
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Χǿߣһȭӭˣһأ֮УŵҲʮˣȻ졢ǬߵһЩɽ˾ͷҲС
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ߣһЦԭǡʥԪۡԪ˰ɣϲ̤˴ʥ۷壡
ӭһŮӣʮӣһ壬ס
ˮۣ

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˲Ϣʯһ㣬ǰŮϣѩġۣ㾹ȻҲţ
ףҵˣȥأһȻԭһֱӡˣòһԪ֮źƣǰóأû뵽Ҳ
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𻺻֣Ŀ֮Ҳֻ˻ʣ֣Ԫȥʷһţǻǰ𣿡
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2981 ̫ŵǿǣ£
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¶Ҫܣһ©ԺŽϹŶٻһЩ谭
Ԩ˵꣬һ˲ʧ
˻ʣʧȥӻΪһŹ棡Ǭ߻صһɱ

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Ҷȵ˫ü͸Ҳͬ˷ܣԾһȥߴأʦʦͽһж̽⴦ʱΪߴأԤУߴһʵĹؼ


2983 ټ
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һԷڵĻʥߣ׷ԲԣȻ棬Ȼ
棿ǰãȻɽһֵ棿ǿʵɣ
ǴɽðȻǰãħϣȻΪе棿
Ӧ治٣ΪħᴫϢնɱʥǿߣ˾ȻҪǧ꣬ͳɳ˾ˣ
̻Ҫùˣ̻ҲмԪǿߣҲֻһʥϹŶ֣ЩҲʾãǰֻҪҲҪϽȥ񣬲ȻڵҪκһ׾٣
˸̾𺳲ѡ


2986 ϣ
ʥϹŶһʧɵǰǿߡ
Ȼÿ𵴣֮ԻҶһвնɹйأǣ־˵ķϣһǻһ£Щȥɹ棬޽һĹ취Щӵ֣򡭡治ŹǣȻĸ֣ѪծѪ
ಣ
ԭһͲˣ
⴦ħħͷǡһʥնɱʥħͷ⡢ʵ
˵һҲ٣ԴʥʵȫԻκһ˲ʮѪ
ͥͱˣ벻һµǿߣ
ڶǿǱį֮ǰһɱڣ˭һģ
һ
ԽѾ뼸ħڼʱһһ
ͨϢ
Ȼ䣬յΧϼӱ
֮ǰδܵӰ죬ԸоƣڶϵϢһЩ
ǻʥǴ粽Уֻʥʥ𾳻С
Ҷһ˫ͫһԭټأӵдͨȻȻγɣо֣Զʱģ
˼ĪزȻյأǾǿߣͨɣǳԾ
ʮа˾ˣΪҵĸӦ£ǰ޵յظ߿գһ֣ͨյԸֲͬ󷨣Ӷγɸӵյ
ʦͨ
ңҶ޵
ٿһЩҲڸӦ״̬£ǰյأ˽⣬ȻƯһ㣬һķΣǿǴͨ󷨡
ݣ
𽥿֮У磬ڲͻأһӴȻ籩Ȼһֲ
вʥ𾳵΢΢һ벻յͻȻ˹ơ
ⲻˣ
ң˳һȥͽټ籩ĳ˴Ƭ
ֿһЩһɷ籩ΧϹ޴ڣҲȻ״̬£Щ󷨡
ʦ֣籩ң鼸籩֮Ϊֺ֮УĿҶѵ
ңǰһ𵴣·⴦յؿռһӿĿֲִ
䣡
һģԷ·ʮ籩飬ƬδȫʧһЩζֲ֮Ϯ
ټֺζŨ޴ڣЩζ˷˿ƤԴ޷ݵĸʴڸʵǿᣬûдʥ
˸أ

ζһЩֺ֮У֪һ䣬ȴһӰ˸ٶޱȡ
桢ҶȡңǶԣ˼нﻹδҵڴﶼǿֲյȻشʥһСģҲζǱ籩ɱ
ȻŴϽƣЩƾԲȻγɵġ
ͷŲӦ״̬µ棬ܲ׽Χʮ󲿷ֶΪҲӦ顣
ҶĿʱϰԵǵģһɷƺʼΧۼ

Ȼ֮£зڣΪͨģʱȴַȻ͸Ź졣
߳
Խ뿪ζͻȻ䣬˵һţһСɽ޷ݵľӰӡ
ǾӰ˫˶ʩչֲ磬˫һģΧȻ׵硣
׹ۣ˸ոտ׵籬Ϸһը׵磬Ϯ
׵Ĵʵڴʥ֮ϣǵģ
ɱڣͬʱϮ֮ʣͫⱻһЩɫ⻷Ϊδ֮У̺һЩ߲ƵĪͷҲھ֮еõ߲װ
ҲסҵȲ
˲ϢҶָһƣٶȳԽɱ̫࣬޾ƣһ𣬽׻顣
ʱ˿̣ԶӰŭХ࣬Ǳؽ磬ȥǷǣʬ޴棡
ССʲôĻĶ࣬׽ԶСС׷֮ϣ
֮еңֱӷɶȥ
桢Ҷ׷ңһſʮ⣬һͷƯں֮У׵Χ̡žžը·ͷأٿ׷
һ󣬻㣬צͷǽɫо΢Щơ
ңüЦԭһͷ֮УȷϳĴڣҼЩĴӵ˺ѿռ䣬Լռ
û뵽ͷӦܣǴ̫ʱ󣬽ߴ֮У粻ܻŴѵȥ


2987 £
ҶȴƬ̣棺ͷʵٱʥʵһ׷ԼٶȡĽٱʥ߶ȣС֮Уϳˣ
ʰ㣬˳׷ε
һ˲ңҶͶݳһȻ˶ȥ
ʲôսʥϢҲ޷ӦҹƱǺǿߣǶ֣
Ʋ棬һм˼£ΪϿκξ
ȻҲҶȡң޷Ϣ̫ǿԼڲͬٻôоĴڡ

׷ѹ֮£Ѿ
䣡
Ŵ͵ﶯǺ޳صĳ͵һģʱڴǰԼգи񱬷
ͼʮ׵磬Ϸ߽ɱԵĺܣƬռ䶼Ϊ׵ƣ𵴡ҡڣ߳壬ƺҪԪֱӻ顣
Ҳˣֻʩչӡ΢ɨһƣû뵽ɱʮ׵磬ͳͳӡ⣬ʧ
ʦʦɻ׷󷽵ңֽкá
Ѹײڶ֮ƿҲʶ治ͨɱ׵磬һһ˲Ϣγٵ׵磬ռΪĵİա
ʥ𾳣ͱЩ׵ɱпƬǶڴʥԣĴڣ׵̫ױʩչӡɣ޵ĻϢ
㡭
ȻԹͨȣڴһǰ
ŵüæˣȻ﷢һЩֵϤϤ졣
СںͬɣûõģһͷһǧͷҲûõģ
Ĵһ̫ˣǹŹֵܲ³
յ棬ŭ˼£࣬ǽأ̣̤УҴԲŹǣ
ɫ̣ˣȻҾϣЩҪĶ
ҪĶŭš
ݣ
һƾʧ
ʦ𣬿ռͨѾ˲̺̫ʯ̫󷽸ңҶ֪һҪʲô
أ
һϢֻǿ桮Ϣȴ֪࣬ҪʲôӦʱȴ󱳳ֻ֣ǵһţдĺ󱳡
¡
һӸ߶׹ڵϣѪģë֮һڰﶯ
ûɱ㣬õһЩ
أ˴ͷǰɭȻʵӦ÷ǳ֮ã˵˵Ϊδ
ţܿĵ⡢ûʲôֻǱƬһЩˣ
ʵҲƭңǴǧյصش󷨣Ȼ֮²γ󷨵ģض˲öɣΧ󷨲δ̺ƬҲûжǹϵ
ǰһλǿˣԲô
ʵһǿߣҲ󷨣ټյȻ״̬£һֱ㲻ʵҲøһʹ죡
һ飬ڨڨЦͻȻһԪ棬һԺ
Ժ֮УʱյϡﻩԪԼ࣬һյ֧顣
ȻǿޱȣԪȴһǿ󣬱ٱʥ߶ȣԪֻһٱʥ
߽ٱʥʵҪԪ׾٣ɱҲһ˲£ûԪ񣬶ĥ
Ű㣬޷֣Ԫ֮£ԪȻΪҽ
ʥһغ
ң֮˲Ϣӣ̫ˣʦ𶼻δ͵ˣ
ʦҿͷԪӦĳֽƣϢӦòĳֶҶһԡ
ͣ
һ޵ۣҶһָնϡ
ʬ廹ȵģѪ¡¡ð
öҵýռĴ˷ѣͷŷѪС
ʦܣʦʦһ㲻˷ѵӣһңһĻˡ
ҲһԭӣҲһŹκΣʵĺö
ݣ
ʬ֮бҶץסһ
һ֣桢ңˡ
Ϊ棬͸ԣ͸ųԽǿ
δ̺ǿµġƬ̣Ҷȸɻʬ塣
ʵܻܴܵʵһҪĽٱʥ֮ԶŴȻҲĽٱʥʵҪƿҪٱʥ
濴ŷӡʬ塣
ôԣһǿߵʧˣ˼ϹʱȻδͬ潫ѪӡɾңͷŻ棬ʬյĸɸɾ


2988 ֮ϵ˫ͫ
һͷĽٱʥȴвң𣬼Ϣճ˹ǻҡ
̣
Զ񷣬ȻһЩɱ֮
Ҷ̧ͷȥǴϢǼͷɱˣ
˲ϢȥʧΧ׷֮С
Խ֮󣬻ܸܵͷں󷽾£ϧ޷˴ʱλá
ãȻֺ֮ѰţʱܸӦؼ䣬ŹϵĽƣֻǲٱְյ
ѰҾصܣ֪ʲôʱڵϷյ񷣬Ȼһ˫ͫ޵ᣬ޷˫ͫĴڣȥԼγɵһȻ
Ȼ˫ͫγɲãͻȻһͷ˺󷽿Ĵ׵¡¡γٲĿֲ״̬

ڰתδӦ£ȴһͷֱ׷ɱ
濴ˣͷĪΪڶʮ⣬׼ҵλã
Ҷȵź͸źЦݣЩȷ츳ʱ͸͵ɱɱ֪Ϊʲôˣ
ͣ
Ӱӣ֮Ѿݿն
֮һͷ۸ͷԱ֮ǰͷǿԦǧɱ
⣬üͷһƳ벻صȻ治ֲôûǿƽܣΣյطǸ߽λʥǿߣҲôĶ֣
٣ɱٱǣңмһˡ
ҶȺȻסңʦ֣ǲżؼҪ֪ξ׼ҵλõģ
࣬ɱˣߣ
һͻȻֳһͷȻûɱѾ͸ʮض𶯡
ڶͷͷһǡͷӦⲶ׽ͷ
ͷ
ͷʵԱ֮ǰҪǿһЩٱ䡢ٱʥʵһĨڨЦҶȣûս⣬ȴһζ
ಣ
ǰͷɱˣǧǰͣһɽ𺳰Ưǰ
Ӳˣ
һͷӺϮͬٿ׵磬·׵Ļ׵߳塣
ת˲ͷһһ֣ˣ桢ңҶΧס
ǾҵǵģҲɻ
ͷ֮Уǿһ۴ȣ࣬ɱˣ¹
ңܣЦݣһȺգ۵Ҫǣοҵǵģ
ҵ̣ҵǲ׾٣ȻʵǾɣ
̶ĽͷһĶſ׵硣
ͣ
һʱ׹ХݺΧʮգۼ䣬Ϊ׵Ƶ
һ׵޷ȥ壬һɱˣо磬Ҫ׵
ǿɲ֪Ҫ֮ǿԼ
ͻȻʩչӡһ˫ֶӡǣյ˲䣬Ҳɱͷ
˵һĻһ׵СѪһһ㣬ı˫롣
ܶôԵ׵磬٣йĺˮԻһУ޿ƥУˮջҪ󺣣ɡ
ʱǴ󺣣׵͵ĺˮȻԣֵһᣬ֮⡣
ӡںϣԪɣޱǿᣬֱӿκΪã
֮е棬·̫ʱ˵֮Уϵľͷκ޷κ
ʦ֣㿴
һˣԸ׵ͬʱվ·ңҶȣȴûм򵥵Ŀ֡
ҶһֱڹΧĿ⿴׵֮ϵյ񷣬ȻԼԼһ˫ͫ
ң˫֮ͫ˲棺ȻˣڰʩչһЩֶΣҵȣ
Ī֣ܿһͷͷС磬۷ʵȻͨɫһ޷նɱˣȻߣ׽Ϣ
ãʦֵģ
˰н󣬵ûз˫ͫĴڡ
ǿӲҵȵ׷
ģôͨ
ְ㣬ڣͷͷ֪ǰ࣬ƺôԶԿ
һͷͷĿ࣬ǲʩչΪԵ׷Ȼûκô
ֱǿʼ𣬼׵ҪԸ棬ʱ׵硢໥ںϣΧʮﶼڷգһףͬɱĴֲ
ȴΪ֮ʩչӡΧ桢׵ա
һӣȻҶȡң
Ϣ׽ˣʦ𣡡ס
ͷҪ׵𣿺úãҾǼʶһ£׷ô߲ף֣
ضЦͻȻ׹ӣɫĻڴܶͻȻ˰ա
꣡
׵⻪ٶȿΧ׵һٶȡ
Ҳǿ׵ɱ׷ȴҲ׵ǵĴ졣


2989 ʶ
ʵţȻ׵ɱӵжô˵Ļ
ǵ׵֮Уһ͸ԴͷԴѪȻһͷһͷӸ߿ء
ʬ׹棬ضɽҡ
أҶȡңҲϡ
ȻʩչʥѪ˷֮С
֮ǰֻԴʥѪĴϴ裬û뵽ܻɱͷôΪǧϴ裬ǿ󣡡
ʱǹŴջĵЦݡ
ͷ
ҶȰеʦǵ֮ϵϢƯϷǾʰ֪ˣ
˭Ӧһʵٱʥ츳Ǵһͨߣ΢ӦѵϢҲ뿴˭
˼ʣ
߿֮Уǵ˫֣ͫ仯һ˸޷аء
ô꣬Ϊ࣬ǿߣɱػ
һ֮ͬκһ䣬ĵ˵
ˣ
ͷѪգʬ嵱Ҳٻ
Ҷȡңʲôû֣ȥʱǵ˫ͫҲһֱƶ֮С
ɽң
Խ
͵ĿյظµľͷɻɽһʣƯھͷ
˷·ʱյľͷ硣
ҶƬ̣ˣҲŴ󸲸ǣҴѾоһɷǳǿҵⱾԴϢ
ʱŪصܣɽ֮޷ŪܣȻҪȹλ¾ǶʥǿߣҲף

˸շɳԶΪİգԼ񷾹Ȼһ١
ңֶﶯ̲סҪܿƼͷʵӦŲ࿰ȴʥ۷
Ǽɣ
İԵˣؽ١
ͬʱǿй룬ǵ˫ͫԽʵܿ컯ΪһͫףȥëȻ
治мȻ˫ͫСװŪ󷨰ˣر𣬱Ҫģ
˫ͫʵޱȣƬռпֲ֣޴ڡ
ⷽΨ˫ͫڡ
Կ̣߰ΡȻӸ߿˫ͫ˵ߣ˭ɱ⣡
Բѣ׼֣ڱǿץ
ˡۡԹǽߣ󲿷ֲڴˣֻмߣ
ǵɭ˫ͫɲһ
ˣ
˫ͫʼͬʱ·ڷռ䣬֮Ͻγɱơ
ҪˣңΧ
ݣ
˫ͫĿ΢΢һ˫·߿գɱƺƵĿֲÿһԴŰʥ
ͨˣ˲䣬ɱ;УƤ̣һ򵥣κһдʥٱ䣬߽ٱʵ
ûҶȡң֣ϻΪһΧſһˣ˾ŭһڴҧһ
˻飬ҲƣϷͨ£ܿһ黯Ϊĩ
ʵ߽ٱʥ
˫ͫվ߽ٱʥʵͥҲǰĴڣɵˣҲǾǿߣΨмԪǿߣܳԽ֮ϣˣֻϧҪ̫ϧˣ
ӡǣ
һƬ޷ƥеɱ;УҲ֣ͷ̬㣬һӿȥſ˫ͫⷽռĸ
ɱֽߣںһΪɽ߳磬˺֮ɱ˫ͫס
ǡܣϹǿߣ۵ͨѵõ۵ĴУû뵽˫ͫ֡
ʶۣ
ֵһ
̾Ȼʶ뱾ͬʱڵǿߣˣĴôܱõ֮أܱѰ
ĳЩ˵ۣԼЩַۣӡ˻̻ĽأҲģ
ԭˣ˲Сӣ۵ķϣҿһȥɱ㣡
ȻᵽۣҲ㣬ҵֻͨҪյҲΪκˣһϹŶҲǼԪǿߣҲǿΪУ
ڴˣܷκ˹ȥˣĻᣡ
ϧ᲻ʺң
ڤ粻飬˷õĴУϧۣ죬ڴ˰ɣ
˫ͫį˲٣ֽɱȥ֮ʣ˫֮ͫͻȻһѹֽ֮ϡ
һǹֽߣͬʱҲ顣
ɱһ飬ܶʯʥ˲Ϊ촷ۣʥٴΣ˲ͱᱻ

ǷЩʮָӡ
ԭҪ۴𽥿Чôԣ͵ͷŲƣ޽ӡ


2990 ۴
ɽ
˼ʣ˫ͫɱֲѰ֮У͵ɱһӡ·ӡ˫֮ͫ¡
ݣ
һɽӡ񷡣
Ϳһ̣ɽ·룬ն˫֮ͫϣĿĵ˺ѹۡ
ɽ󲻷ҶȡңҲΪ֮һ
˫ͫ󲿷ֹ·һʧƺɽն飬⴦۴Ҫ
ݣ
ϾʩչΪǿ󽣾Ҳ̫Żʥ֮ͨһ
Ȼ˼ˣǵ˫ͫû飬˲䣬ֶһ˫ͫ
Ŷ
桢ҶȡңƺҲû뵽۴
ڶ˫֮ͫʣ˳Ծǣ˫ֳͫˣ֮ǰ۴Χ𵴣ַҫ۴˷Ѹͱ
ֱ˫֮ͫϳ֣ʱռ֮ǰϢܿһ£ЩȻһ޵ľ˴ƣ˫綯á
̧֣о˫ռγɵ۴ֲٿش˲ʥ۷ĸ߶ȣͬһɽ֮
ʦ۴ѳԽ㣬õңƺδܵ
á
ԭ滹еƣɽڲ֣ҪԿ۴ȫԸûаܻ󣬷ԼḶĴۡ
⻰ʱ߻иΪǿӣԼ֣
ǰˣ벻Ԫ֮Уܳ
֮ǰ˫ָֻ֮ͫǰǰâ̾Ϣ
һ˫ͫ𣺡ΪãɱǣõϺôʵҲ߽ٱʥûԴҪһ磬̤˽ٱʥһԪҲѵõ֮Ѿ
˺ηдõǰ̣ǣδǻΪɽ֮־ͷǣɱĻ
һ֡
Ȼ治Ϊ
ңһ࣬¶ڨڨ΢ЦǿЦΪǰ˵̣ʸΪ۴󣬾赲ҵȣ
ͦߣʵ˵ǼʶʵǾͻݷֳִ߶۴»ɽ֮Ҳȥ
ͨ˺Х˵
ݣ
˫ͨͻȻͬʱͷŴ۵һΪһһǧ״ӡɱ
ʦܣʦ𣬵űǣ
ң߳Ư
һѺûᣬʱ壬ʶҶʵѾܳԾȻҶʵ
Լңʵô죬Ȼڴ
𣡡
û뵽ңδʩչôĴͨǽӡʽޱȣֻƤΪ״̬ͷҲΪѪɫ֮һץָǿֲӡɱȥ
ָٿȻΪһ֮׹һӡȻɱһ
ǵӡ֮۴ѾԽ˽ٱʥӵпȾŽٱʥ߶ȡ
¡
û뵽ӡոңƵͱյñըһ˿׹䡣
ܣܣ𡢻治ô˱̬
һ̾ϢӴ
˫ͫڲţԱңͷųĻ塣
֮ŭ
ٿȻ
˫Ưŵ˫ͫٴαâһΣ˫֮ͫбƣǴ˸Ϣ
߳壡
գۣѸײڶ֮ƣңϷɱٶ̫죬ңӦʱ䡣
ɼ۴ʱ߶˼¡
֮£ң޷ֵ˾ǵ
Ȼֻǳһġ񡯣ҡ˲仯Ϊʯ塣
䣡
ĳɫʯ治֪ɫʯεȼ̣Ȼ޷
֮ûлɫʯѵâȻҪûң
ǡһԽ˰˽ٱʥоŽٱܿѰɽ֮һȻ޷ǵʯ
۴ŵľ
̲ס̾ղһ̣ΧںϣΪһʣʣȻ˼̣վδ֮ϵǿ
Ҷȵʦ㲻õģڴ磬ĶǻԪʩչͨʣǳԽСĴڣʦ֣ʱĸ߶Ⱦǿʥʵһ£

벻ңʵȻԽʥȥʥ澳磬ʥʵࡣ
ͺͣ
һ׵粻ͣңΧɱгҺɫʯ׹ⱬըϧ޷ʯ
߳壡
һɲǼ䣬û뵽Ȼ桢ҶΧѸײڶ֮ƺɱ
⡭㿰ȾŽٱʥ֮Իܲ


2991 
ɱ˲䣬ҶȾͷһڹʯǳ۶ɵɱ֮ǰ
žž
ǳʯ׵統飬һ޷ɫʯΪϸСĵߣ̡Χߣһߣܻʥ
ǹɵģ
ŭϿ˫ͫղҶղԪҲܵش
߳壡
һɹԼ˲֮ƣǧ֮ɱңҶȡ棬ûнӡ϶ֻ˷޷Ҳ޷ߡ
۴˫ͫƵκͨ˲ϢʤĴʥҲ޷ֵһҶһҲ޷ڶιơ
ʱ˿̣ҫ׹⣬˷ָƴδֹͣһˡ
ҶȣĪС磬Ĳ𣿡
Χɱ֮е棬Χٲʮ֮ȻȻ̾۵ףʶνĲͬ죬ֲ˻֣ܻ̫һ淨ࡣ
Ҷֽӡ״̬˫ֺʮ֮ټ磬ͬҲһټ磬С繹ɣ⴦С磬СԴ磬κηڴ֮£̫һʵǿޱȣֻаʦںϴԭˣڻԪջ̫һ
Ǽȥ죡
ֻңȻͷŰԵϤ£ʼһʮ
ֻǼϢ۴ȻΪһյĻ¯һЩ̿շ裬յʱ
Ϊͣʵܴﵽʥ۷ĵز
۴һΨһһвʿ
˫ͫˣͳͳš
Хյ̱ʧһɶ۴ʮÿ䣬ʼҶƵģҲȼգΪҽ
̧ͷ񷣬˫ͫȻھۼ۴󣬿ϧյڻ
쿴˱󷨿ռˣͷ״̬µңЦ
پһУ۴Ȼ֣ڴ󲿷󷨷ղ࣬Ϸ˫ͫˣ磬滹ǿߣڽ磬ʱҲŽ类֮С
һȺϣ
Ҷȴ߶ңգ˷·̤ŷˣȥ֮ۡ
˼ʣڵ֣ý粻ϵգԼӵдһ̺ʥķ
ЩӦǴʥԵʱƵģ־Ǵ߶ЩʩչŽٱʥ
˲ϱƽΡȻȵȻǻʶۣ˵ҲǼԪǿߣڸһѡսǽ
ҪͶߣŰɣǻɱģ
磬ݣ
û뵽ͷ֮һִÿ˽ӡʽһģһ
з˲Ϣӳ磬Զңǳ£ǿз壬Ȼ˳ȥ
ಣ
ʮʼң롣
ʦ𣬷ģЩӲˣҶȼ龻֣ͿʼֲϢ
׷ȥ漫Ϊɻܿƺȥ磬˴յأ·ƾɵ֮н۴ΪҪﲼ󣿡
Ҳܣʦ𣬵Ѿ׽˴·򣬶ӿ֮УȻмİǿϢ˵ֹ֣
׷һӣȻޱȡ
Ҷ˫֮ͫ˸Ż龻ӰͨƲˣܲ׽κ΢Ϣ
ˣ
ңһղʵѾ󲻷вǿߵĻƱػһս
ҰյԽ͸Ӧܵ
һ޳ڻҰյ֮Уֻ֮ǰߵǿߣǱصΧüǿߡ
ôܴ۴ɱܻ۴󣿾ɽ֮Ҳ۴֮ϣ
һǿߣǵˣΧǿš
ǲ֪ĺܣ̫ѶԸһͷû˵ǿߣ̾
һڨЦģ޷Ƭյ֮УҵɳĮħɷӦǲɱģУ
յأסҵȣ
û뵽˼ʣӰȻڽ֮ĺڰ֮УͥŲ
ǡ
ڴʮͷ󿴵ˣһ˫ȹǦ޷Ӧ
ΧأΪֲĺڰҵȽȥ޷巽λѵͷӬǽҵһߵʾΧǿ߼о
ƺһո²ͬĿռ䣡ԸӦ͸磬ԽʮǿߣԼн磬ڿԿһЩ޵ʱա
Ҷ˫üӦþصʯϢյظϢԼڶ͸ǿұԴлԪ


2992 ԭǿ
λ֣ɱǣѵҪ˴ʥأʥصȥɣ
һ˻ơͳȴصӽͻأϮ
ǣ
һʮǿȭ
ң΢΢һЩ˶ٱ䡢߽ٱ䡢˽ٱʥΪȻӱоŽٱʥǿߣ
䣡
û뵽ǣʮǿ߸ոն֣ȻȴҶȣһɱٽ顣
¡¡
ͻȻְױƬҶ桢ң磬ʮǿߡ
գۣЩǿʳƬԼҶȰԵ÷׷ǱӦԡ
̰ΧǿߣȻЩʵǿѹΪãԸ̫һ棬ô
ţЩ˲̫һ֣ʩչϻ֮󷨣Ȼô
Ҷȡң˲ϢĴ㡣
ɱ
Էһͷڻɱˡ
ϧһɹʯԼ棬ңΪ룬ͻȻˮһǿߡ
ң޷ͨԼһԹƣ䲻ʮͷ

ΧڣһһƬֲ̬ͨʮǿڵǧװס
ҶٴνӡϱƵģʮѹС

֮ǰ˻Ƶ߷ŭ͸ɱһƬâ
º쳾
ңҶѹʮǿߣʩչռͨԽǧס
ӡ
ӡ˶ҫâ
âٶȸһЩҲӡסͬȭͷӡӡƬһʼ顣
ۣ
˲Ϣ·磬â֣ӡ飬˳ȥ
Ϣ
⣬ǿͣ£ѪҲ̫أ𺳿â֮гֵļΪԾ
Ϊ⼸ϢЩǿ߲еģһһǿߡ
˲Ϣҵ壬ڵɽ磬Ҳһպյ
һˣһΪҲ΢Ծƺݱ˿ЩȻ
壿
ҶͻȻһ࣬ǿߣ΢档
ʱɣҶȹõģʱΪʱգİ壬ǹ崫ģΪһӣ
Ǹʱû壬ֻľ磬ʱȴһֳƺˣƺͬʵһ
ʵǿɽ֮࣬һҲ޷ܣ
ȷΪ̤ŽٱʥνĹ壬Ѫϰˣܴһо˵ĻԪ
Ҷ֮ȻһƵᡣ
˭ȻֻбĨɱһˣλߺɫ˵

ͻȻִӽˣʮˣÿ϶â
ˣͬʱһƲû뵽Уһˡ
ʮǿϮдʥҲʥ𾳣ʥʥҲС
棿ô㣿һʥǿߣʲһ̤Ŀɿڴ
濴ǿߣ꣺أҲû뵽㣡
ԭһţء
ǿ޲Ծʵأ˵ɵˣǳͷ۵ħ棿
̤ʥ˸оӲ˭ҲϴˣΧʱֻһ΢ˣǰħᣬһƻᣬȻɱǿߣǵõ޼ͼ޼аߣ컯ţ
߰ȻȻɵˣ˱ɣ
꣺ҵӲȾֻ֪Ϊ徹Ȼ
Ͳȥģѹȡͷ֮ǰ󷢴ȱҲһɱ
ߴһӡ
ߣ
ʮޱȵĴʥͷΧһΪ޲ǰ˽ٱʥΪ
Ҷһں󷽶ģЩ֮ȫԶԸһɽ֮ɱɱ岻ڣ
޽
ʱҶһ̫ʯڸա
֪ߵغļһǰɣһͷһҫâΪƽĻƵģҶǵɱ
ͣ
ֻҶһ裬δνӡһͽĻһֱп
ǿһ˼գ׷š
˿ƲǿΪ˲䣬⿰ȾŽٱʥƣ˰Եǿ߾
һ֣
ʣʮʥͷһʩչַͷѤҫ۵̫֣ɱҶȡ
ݣ
ҶȻ仯ΧճִһڿںɫʯĥɵĽ
֮ܣ·գ֪ʩչ֮ҶȣʵǶô̬
Ȼһʱ䶣źɫɱһţʮһڿںɫƣ޷ɱ


2993 նɱ
ССͣȻ޵üԪǿ߲еľŽٱʥʵҲɫ
ЩţͱҶȵǿֶΡʵŵ
龻֣
ȻҶȽӡˣһνӡ
һڿںɫʮʥͷ˲䣬ϷգӿĹ⻪ٻΪһɫĥƵԲ֣Ȼǧס
ɶǰһֲ
ߴ²ò֣Ϊ´ʥһʣ֪ҲеǿҲǺɫĥɱӲĻҲ޷ֵ
̫񶦣
һھΪ󶦣߶Ҿ޴֮󣬻ΪһΪ֮ƣغɫĥ̡
֮⣬Ҳԣϧʵ̫Ҷ͵Ŵһѹȥ
ͻͻͻ
ɫĥ̴ױȵ𺳹ʽ¡¡һѹھ޶֮ϡ
ۣ
ƾ޶ߣײ˲䣬ܿס𵴣ɺ֮˫ͷҲʧȥƽ⣬Ӱ׹ء
ϡ
ҡ
ǿߵ£ʣЩʥ𾳡ʥʥǿߣֻоֶ߸ߺ
ϧɫĥѹ޶ĳڶϢ֮󣬵ȵϢͽصɨҶûˣ赲Ҳ޷ɶͷγɵĳ
Ψ֮ǰһҶȽʮͷϮԷǿ⡣
ЩɫǾ޷ٷ񿹺⣬Ҷٴһ֮һڿڱû£նɱһһĶǿߡ
û뵽һ죬ܼ߽λʥͷȻвһ㣬׺ɱ
·Ŀ֪࣬Ҷǿᣬʼû뵽ʵǿᵽ˵ز
˲˾Žٱʥ峤ϣʮϢڣʮǿߣһһնɱȫնɱһɽ֮
̫һȡʮħ磬˱̬ɣѹʮħ֮ɵãԺ̫︡һӰӡ
ۣ
δֹ
ѾҶߣʮʬ壬˽ĮȻɲ˷ʬ壬
Ψһģֻ峤ϣԼ⣬Ƕʮˣ޷һµǿǡ
󷽽ԵңҲϻɱһʥǿߣʣ¼˻ڿ֧ţҲĶ֡
ϰĶҶͣģǰҶȣɱŶһ㡣
ΪҪ磿ʲôܣһ飬ɭɭʵ
߷ŭΪУҪֻ֪һϣ廹дϣͣԼʥĳԾĹ
ۣ
벻˵꣬ͱָһһ罣棬͸ͷ­
µ㲻˵ǾͲ֪ˣ˷ʱ䣡ɱ֮潫ʬڡ
桭
⣬ͼʮˣʬ壬Լ⣬һѪһߡ
һЦأǵǰΧһĻɣʱ㣬ǰһ䣬ֻϧֻͳԽ㣡
֪н죬Ҿɱ㣡ýҧгݣΪ߹һӣʲôʱܵ衣
ʱ˼˼ߴ֣ҺȻˣس֣ƺѰħʱǴ㵱Ӧñھ԰ɣΪصܣУ
ºȻģ
棬ʱ䣬һʵܣ㲻ҽصĶ֣֫鶯Ҫ
㻹ֵҵ𣿡
滺һ۽أֻ֮ͫб΢Լ
䣡
һ̤籩нˣʬ壬һϢǿߣ˲ϢΪ촷ۡ
أ棡
Ĳʬ嶼δʣ¡
ȥң
Ҷһ仰ȥ
תͼңѹһļԪǿߣмҪģնɱǲСһ
Ȼг汾ԭ˵Ϣ壬ɳôǿߣòԪǿΧʲôܣ֮УһϢϤʧ
ңȫʤʮǿ߱ѹȻһ磬ǲ󷽣Ӧþصڡ
δ磬ңĿһͣԭϢ٣ڲвԼһɡһɾȻԼԽƬСϢ
ˣǣҶЦһ֣¡һһӣ˲ԾС
󷨺¡𵴣ƬӰϯ
ֻϰǿƯڱԴڵĹ֮Уһ޴ɫļ빬Χټ̽磬ɽ֮ҲϢ
汻Զ׳۵ļ빬벻һʥأ
ɱ峤ϣأǵǲɵˣԼǳͷ۵ǿߣ棿
Ƿһλӵߣϰǿɢһ̴ʯϣ


2994 ʦͽ
˵һоѾ꣬˺ʱʱޣƤûһ˿Ѫɫ
ϸоһɣ޷ݵвҧŹ裬ķëû뵽أȻһʥأһֱռӽ쿪ʼ⴦ʥˣ
ʵǿ˺ģּԪ࣬ҲǼ֣ʩչ۴󣡡ߺüա
ݣ
һɴûҽΧӡڽ֮С
˲Ϣ̧ͷ̫ϤΪ֮ϣһ˫ͫȻһٶһ붼Ǵʥ͸ʥ𾳡ʥʥ֯Ϊ硣
ңĿԵһ˫ͫһ֮ǰִ߶۴Ҫ屶࣬ﵽɽ֮߶ȣһսʦܣȫԸս
ʦʩչ۴ʦʩչƣע⣡Ҷ氵˵
ＸԪ뿪һأκ̤ߣ
˫ͫ䣬Ҳ޴Ķ࣬Ӧþߵ󷨿ռڡ

۴֮һ˫֮ͫУɱһһںΪ﹥ƣռ۴ÿ䣬˹ƣκܵĿܣ˷һ
򣡡
ңһָǿơ
ʱΧճǿ棬Ϊһ񡯡
һĴߣ
Ϸһ˫˫ͫ޲𺳣ǿһ֮ǻ桮񡯣һֻ˵֮еƿ۴ǿߣҲɵĿࡣ
һĴߣϵһ򲻴̫ʱҹѣΪУ
߾콵ٶ
ǹ˵һЩϵϧһҲʦԵ֣ǹ壬죡
Ϊ޴ˣһɱ
汻пҪըѣ浽緢û뵽˻ǿסƣδѿ
ʱңƤҲΪ״̬Ƥ֮µľ·һɫѪ
磬ɼӳ֣
֣ң󷽵Ҷ棬Ҳʼ֡
˽оңʩչʱҪ۴飬һٶǿߴ߶ʴֲ֮˼£Ƥÿһëף͸ź֮
Ҷ˫ּһĨĻʼΧֲơ
һȻһռ䣬µ״̬档
ӡǣſʼͷųƬƬЩ໥ںϣΪʮͷ״㣬һҶΧ
ˣǶգж£ҪС
޼ȵĺ
ãֹ̫ԵҲ޷ֱɣ˲䣬ҲֻܽɶͳͳѪϣɡ
֮󣬾ͻصڣȥͱͷ޳Ե
̰˵öˣȥ˵죬ʱ뿪糤棡
ΪҪǱڣ벻뿪壬Ĵһʱһðա
ʦٶȺܲһЩˣ
Ҷһ࣬򲻶ҲܴﵽŽٱʥɣΪԾ
Ҫ֪ʱʵҲ߽ٱʥԣһЩˣȻɣ罭һڣ߽ٱʥоǾŽٱʥĿֲڡ
жɶ٣ңԽ֧ţʩչȫͨϣղ۴֡
۴֮ΪһٶǿƿأҲΪ۴⴦ʥںϣһռȻƣ
ۺ϶ԣ˱ȻǳԿġ
״̬泩̫ˣʦʦܣǾȻɹĴʩչȥң˷˵
һܵܵĳ֮ǰһЩ淴ʢ۴ڲ¶ֲ̫ʥ𾳣Ҳ˲俾ɸʬ
ɼңİԵȻҲ۴ȥӰ졣
һһǿ˶ڣ֮ȻռƣֻǴ󲿷𽥱Ҷȡ治ɡ
ɵٶȣԽԽˣܿ쳬Խ档
ôӴңҶȽΪˡ
ͨ
ǿߵִѹһƣȻ޷ݻٷȻܼ֣Ҵ
𲻵ãǾôͨ
һ˫ٶͫףһɲƶ۴ͬλãͬʱͷһںϣ˷Խɱ۴Ϊݿ𵴶·Ҫʧ

˷ÿһ䣬ԲߡܵĻᣬҶͻȻͷŴ⻷


2995 ʥ˵Ĺ
һǾŽٱʥ֣ʮ𶥼ʥͷʩչɱ
ûа취ΨпңҶȳ֡
ңЦʦԴĲʦʦܵĲޱȰԵȻҲǴʮݻģ

ʮ
һɱ֮ʣɱɣͻȻн챻һڰա
н֮ͣͻȻ󷽣ҲǽɱĽ磬޷ݵٶȷɱȥ
찡
ǿߵ˫ͫھ֮в
䣡
ԭЩ˫ͫɱĽ˲䣬Ե۷ȥ䲻ɱЩ˫ͫ
Ѳҵʮ磬ոȥʱ״̬Ѱ纹֮УǿɱںڶɣҶ¶ԵЦݣƺһж֮⡣
һ˫˫ͫУը飬ټ۴ڶٺС֮ըѣٲ̶ˮٻƬ
ʩչȥҲ԰ҶȻ桢ңǰ
̫ʱף¡
۴ڴ˼ȫ˫ͫѣ١
һЩʬҲȫѵ۴Ƭ׹䣬ʩչʥʬȡ
ܣҵǿߣϻ֮۴󣬾ɽ֮Ҳնɱʥ⣬˿ɵǼͣ
һЩδȫ飬м˻š
ϷڵߣˣҶԲϴܡ
ʱҡͷѾһϢ
ŴʥǿߣҲ
ɳôͷ빬Īܣת
ۣ
Ǽŵǿߣȥңһһնɱ
ǸߣңɱҲ¶˾㤣ǴΪУɵˡ嶼Źǵģ
ϧ۵һѪһǿߣң֮£һɽ֮һĴڡ
ʬԽ棡
ʥͷڣͿʼհ˽ٱ䡢Žٱʥھֱʵ
ʱ𽥷빬
ռؽʮ磬ɫ̽ΪһЩӰӳ硣
Щǿ߻˲δ׷ɱ빬û뵽ʯɣ罽࣬ӲȾȻһΪ
ҶȲޣܵһƷʲΪҲɽ̺֮顢ӡ
Ϊǿҵ̫ŻϢܵϢһ˿İ
˵̤빬һ̣ʹӹоǿӡԼ̲˸󷨣ǽ硣
ȻܰԵ˻Ǻ̤֮УڲһʮĿռ䣬һΪ뾹ȻһƬǺӣһ飬Ȼӡڹ롣
񣬴һ̫֮̾ŻƬǺӸҸоյͨ࣡
ʯ
ңҲ࣬һ׸ߣͭһʯŲơ
֮˲Ŀࡣ
ԭʯ¼ݣȻǹ봫˵֮еʥйء
ƣ֪빬ʲô
¼ﾹȻʥ֮Ĺǵ꿪̫źˣ֮ǰһ塢һǿߣڴˣκ̤롣
빬ʥĹҲһųΪ󡯡
ɲ֮뵱ߴأںһ
ءŻء־ءŻľءء̫ءѪءߴ֮УȻһʥ˵ĹҲ󲻵ʥĹҲʥ֮ǰԲöɣΪⱱǰλãټⲻͬɽռ䣬֧ķ򡢱Դ
ã治ɵǰǺӡʥΪѾʥ澳磬ʥ澳۷壬ҲǴ⴦С۷壬ϧû뿪⴦С磬ֿ취֮󣬻Ϊ󣬲ΪʱմԴҲҲĬĬػ磡
ܽ磬ǽԪµĴ̫ǿߣԼδδ⴦磡ҶȴʱҲ޲ڡ
ߴܾˣʥĹҲߴΪĵطҶȡңô죿
Ūܣʱ淴Щʧ
ҶȵʦڵУ⴦Դ룬ټʱ֮УΪԴھʥ˱Ϊ߷ݣʥһݣ
ߴţʥ˵߷


2996 ں
֮ǰ֪ǿǣȴ˽˽ռԴȻʦΪӦð⴦ֱںϣ
ֱںϣΪߴԴ֮һǴƽ⣿
ʦİɣ⴦ʱʧȥûжӰģֻҪںеԼԪö빬Ȼת仯󣬳̫һ棬ԼǽбԭˣԴһɽ֮ȡߣⷽԱ仯
ҶΪϸ͡
ҿǿߣռ󣬳ΪԼԴ⴦󣬴ﵽ۷壬νɽ֮Ҳ޷ںϣԲܱĻͱһգʦҾüȻܷߴܣ̫һѵ𣿡ңɱ֮ȫΧЩ
̫һ棬ټĹ˲һ㡣
ҶͫԽˣ̫һһᷢߴܣһʦ뽫ԼԪںϣȻڰװø̫һ棬ǽߴںϣֻҪսʤûпܵģ෴ںߴ޴ɱ䣬Ǿ߲㡢˲նɱ̫һİգ
ңüͷ˿ˣٿ󷽴֮գħ֮Уһħıԭˣǲŵõ鱾ԭˣԶԶ֡һںϣǾе̫һһսһʦ𣬱ԭɣջһԪһɽⶼʧȥⷽ⳹׽ļʱʱ
һ̣˿ȻǶΪӦںǾͿʼںϰɣһںϣֻʥĻԪԼ󷨡ԴǶ㲻ֺ
Уʦʵˣ֮տ¾ţõ󣬵һʥһǿ嶼Ϊ⿼ǣմΪԸ̫һ棬㲻ù˼̫࣡ң渵
ţ
ҶȡͬʱϿɡ
֮ٴοҶȵʦںΪԭԪԼΪʥһǿ𣬿ϧû뵽̫ʯ̫һʱգ㻹δΪ֮ǰ֮ΪԪʱѾԽνʥӵĻʣ
˿ʼƬ硣
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2997 ̫һɱɽ
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2998 Ԫɽ
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ʯٴզࡣ
֪̫һ棿Ҷȴž֮ɫ˲俴źߡ
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ѵ̫һδ
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ҶȻһģǳ緢𵴣ڳһǿٴαѪһ֮С

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ټɽ֮£ããԨ
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һŮڰħǿߣݷںڰ֮С
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ˣ
ʮħ֮׳˶а񡢱ϢĴڣһӿɽħǿ߹¡
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һӰʥ𾳣ԼʥǿߣʥʮˣһֻǹԪǿߡ
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ԪͷȺħ֮Уһħ֮ӵţƯڰ֮е̫һ档


2999 Ԫ
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¶һ˿ӣɽ磬ǿ֮һ
ɲǣҲɵõһںոţ˵һδǿߣʱնƶʮħ磬һͳħ磬Ϊ̫һ棬ĪǾ㣿
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δʮԪԪ׳ӡԼԭˣ̫һ治ɱ㣬ϾҲɱħֻɱɱ֮ˣ
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ڱǰվС۷ǿߣߣ
䣬̫һԼħͷǣѺգŹԪѺۿռ֮˸޷ӳ
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3000 
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벻ףֻҶȡ
Ҷֻ˼Ƭ̣Ӧʥ˵һʦ飬ʮǻԵ⴦򣬿̤ϳԽʥ򣬺ʮʧһ飬ѾںѪѿϹ֮ʦѾֲ´ʦһ˴ӣ
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Ҷ̾һ֣ǿǰ־ʵһַյʱУҲʦĴӣһߵ죬ʦۺ񣡡
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ʦ𣬵ҪԭˡԴʯ֮ʣƷ˵ֻߴУûзĻǿӡҲ̫ܿһ
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ԻʵҲʥĹʥ˻ʶһͬߴΪԸ̫һ棡


3001 ɽ
ˣߴأһطԵõƷľϣ
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⿪ʼ𵴣ַչâһطʥأǾ̫ɽ
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ú뿪ʥĹһɲǣңһ磬ӡڲҲԴ飬С
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һУ˽⣬ضȥ뿪֮ǰ滹Ǹ֪

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ûнܣɽ磬նɱɽ֮ˣȷּԪǿߣ޷ԸĴڣ
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ҲǴգδǿߣ
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˷ɳϵ⣬Ѿܼǿ֮ʩչƶѲߡ
һǳɽ磬Ȼ󲿷ǿ߽뿪ɽ磬Ȼͳͳ򳤴ɽȥ
һʱ⣬ɽⷽǿߺܿ볤ɽǿ棬´ʥǿٶˣǧʥͷ
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˫ʮȻѾ˫ɱһγɱըҫһ޴Ģƣն𣬱ըγɵ˳ûΧһУʲôˡ


3002 
ʲôûУ֮Լٿʣ˫ɱһ𣬱֮ټǿվͻȻΪһƬ棬ըը
ಣ
ħǿǣħɱȻֳַٿ׵磬ǻ棬ֻ˳аħɷΪųɱ
ⷽҲʾһǿɱ

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⣬֮С
ڰ籩ڣַ籩߳޵УҶȡңҪִأͻȻһǷ
ܵһεĲǣ濴ҶȣԼŪס
ңʦͻȻʧȥƽ⣬޵磬⴦Сϵһָо֤ʵС߶һ£СһǽܸӦ
Ҷֵɽ֮ǿߣ⽻֣Ҳһˣ𵴣ǲɽ֮ǿ֣߳Ȼһ̣ڱһս
Ҳħɡ
һֱ֮С
ε˰Ե𵴣˴ΧܸʮɽӦ
ּһƬټ֮УԼһɽƯ硣
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ǰδȥߴأһأоϢزֻ࣬λòһ
ضƯ֮У̤ϵ棬ֺҲûǰʡİС
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ΪʦʵѼⷽ۷壬κʡԣԲأҶȿ˫ƺܶϤյһС
ӦϢڴյȻһЩ˫֮ͫУһЩɫʡ
˼ٴΧ
Ӧ״̬˲串ʮټΧյвˡħǿ߳ûҲӦܶԲͬɽ硣
ϢͻȻҲ̤һۿľ޾ĺǳǳɭֽУγĿֲʪأˮ´̫࣬м̺ʥĴϢ
һЩѰӹû˷֣ǷһЩҲ޷˶ȡ
ϤϢԼϤĴ½
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þû࣬ˮ£˷֮УһƳ֡
ۣ
ˮ˱ǧ׸ߣںĴ߸һ㣬˳֣ÿһԳǧס
Ǳص̣ﾭɲӦʱһͷͷ­Ĵ߲³֡
ͷ֣߳ټˮ죬Ѫȵˮ³֣˲ûʮʮһƬˮȻΪʺ
˿һ߳û˿һ˿¡
ֱͷߣҶȷĿһͷӦԶʱڵʵ߽ٱʥ츳Žٱʵ
ʦܣִ׵Ĵ磬һĴڣɱԣңȻ죬һ˵ӡ
¶ӵĿ⣺ִߣܲڣó԰ɣ
ʦǿ⣬ֲûϵˣֻҪղǾ˼ζҰζ
Ұζ
һţһߴЦ
ȻӱǳңҳԵǣˮͷŭɶһԴʱſ졣

Χʮˮ֮ʺһâƣټˮΪ֮һ
Զԣһݣ
벻һ֣һ޷ݵٶȣոոɱâǰ
һ㣬ֻ΢΢һ㣬ûŻһһݣ¡һ顣
˽ٱʥʵȻǿϧûв
波ԵԼʵɵ¶ԵЦݣ֮ǰҲûںʥĹʵ߶ȡ
Ȼͨ󷨡־ܻ鱾ͨͷ¶˿־塣
ϴ󣡡
ȻŸĴԼƸߺ
ôиǿĴڣ
ܺ棬ӴҶȡңǰ
ȷһѣң֡
䣡
֮ǰҶһƻ飬̤˲䣬ǰǴ󣬶һټԭʼɭ֣Ҳһͷ
˸о⴦ֺӡһԪδԽǿңѾڰд
̧ͷʱȻֿϤ۴һ˫˫ͫᡣ
۴
ңĿ㣬âһɨȻٶˣԱ˶࣬Ȼ׼
ƺһϤעʱǰټƯŹһɺɫڴⲻϷŴ


3003 ʣϣ
Ҷȿ˵ԣʦ𣡡
ֲϤҵõ׷ۣ֮һֻ飬׷֮飬ҲҵѪ֮С

ǿϹźպҲڻ絮Ĺ֮һһ塣
ͬʱԺӿһЩ棺ˣߴм֮УƺҲӡ󡭡
ϴ䣡
󷽽ɱʮͷмͷҲǴʥʵδв˰ˡ
ʣɱˣ
һΰӸ߿۴Ϯ
ߣ
ԶɺâԽŴ¼Ӱͷʮݺ·һƶľɽ
֮ͷһĹ
ֲͬûǰ㳤ǳԷޱȵצӣצڴرܣںƬͬǣͷһЩ룬ͷ࣬޴ͬ¾ǻ
Ϯֻʮ濴ͷǿʣһЩͷʵҲдʥŽٱ䣬ȴ޷ﵽ۷壡
ʵ̣Ȼһ˻ųȥ
ͻȻŴͷʣȻžſԴ˲仯Ϊһλͷӣ⻯Ϊͷ
ߣ׳˶ĺܣܿͷ϶ԴΪһֱ۴СףǼһס
ϴ䣡˷ܸߺ
Ŀ߸ϣʱϣھȻһ
Ц컯ţμӴ컯ŵģһϹ飬ںϣ
ϺȻĵЦݣһлԵãʿԸ˻ᣬԶΪЧϾأնɱǿߣأ

浭ҡͷĺ죬ҵˣȻҪʥĹ֮УκˣҲ޷赲ҵȲҲնɱȻ׼ֱضһ۴ҲκβǣʣʶĻԼⷽݣΪЧ
ô֪վǰģʥ˺Ĺ壿һ壿˲
壿壿ΣߴزʥȻһֱԪ˽ڰǿԼ壬ΪǿԭʱӴҪȥˣ
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ûɱ棬ɱе棬̼һǧԨ档
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˿ռʻ˼Ԫδֲȿһ·նɱǿߣĪˣ
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дꪺɨɱ״ķƣһ˷ŭɱ޷ݵ
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𣿵Ȼǣֻÿռܹͨưˣ
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ֻԣĿǰҵʵܴﵽεһ߶ȣ
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3004 ʣ£
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ЦȻֹ棬ץסꪣꪶڻƵģ˲䣬ݺ֮£ꪷն档
˽룬ɱ棬Ҳ޷ߡ
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ڵˣ桢ҶȡңһٶͷŰԵ˫֮ͫ¡
ݣ
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ҶϽηĿ⣬һЦѾﵽʥ۷壬ɱκǿߣϧǰ
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ʦԺʮһųԽС粻Ļ߶ȴ
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ݣ
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ѪΪûǿâҲ𵴣ڶϢƽϢ
ַʽǿһɣʣѾԴĿࡣ


ǣ
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޷ţѪ⽣Ϊɽӡںϣ·
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СʵѾﵽɽ֮ĸ߶𣿡ȫ벻һ֮۴󿹺⡣
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ң°ͣζڨЦʦܣǷ̫ˣǴԽʱգĥ󲿷󷨣ȫһɾܴ飡


3005 Žٱʥ
һȺ̥ѵҲ봫֮УǸ̫һ棬һʱգδ
˵⣬ġ
֮һ
ɱ
˲Ϣȥ֮С
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󷨣ռʬ壬ǰϤļ빬ͬǣʥĹټ
̤빬ûһǿ߸
ʣ˰ɣǽʥĹڣûʡ
ȻʥĹԴô󣬳뿪ǿδߵԴǡ
ϤһҵӦûвɱ䣬ʵӦ̤ʥ۷塭
γܿΧǳ֮УʮϲΧ
ҶңԻΧ


״̬µ棬ڱ硢Ȼʮơ
Ĺ֮ɲ࣬ɾŽٱʥͷѪһ̣ҵʵҲ̤Žٱ䣬ɽ֮һ߶ȡ

ϣû뵽Ϊǳ״̬ǳ״̬Ѫ졣
̫ʯҲɲ٣СǧǧʱҵĿռͨʩչ磬ʥͷҲնɱȥһյأ־أ
Ŀǰ״֮뿪֮ǰȻӡңյĴͨӡСҪ򿪿ɲס
ʴȻȥ־أΪأһ塣

ɽ磡
һ꣬˾ͺ⣬ɽ磬ĿǾ־أҪȻһɽ磬÷ࡣ


̤ɽ磬ոտգڵǿǣ׷Ǵʥ𾳵Լ΢ĴʥϢһ֮
ǧ˼æ⣬ӭع飡
Լʮʥߣ̤˴ʥ
ˣȾǷŵǿߣ߲㶼̤˴ʥҲˡ
ڣĿǰ󲿷ֶʥ𾳣δ̤ʥһһξ롣
ȻҲ̤ʥ޼аɡ۱Ԫˣô̤ʥ޼˻ʥ𾳡
СӣѾˣ
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ĴСϹٶͻƴʥҵüӿ˽ٶȡ
˻ص֮У仹δǿȥ
ҼڴѾоɽ磬Ǳħ縯ʴ֮УɽѾħսһǣ̤ܿʥһǸ߽λʥ
ڣңϣϴ
ﵽ˵Ĵʥ۷壬Դһɣڲǧ˶оһ嫡
ץסʮŵʥǿߣԪӡƿأΪϴ裬Ҳʥ۷ںϣҲڼʱ䣬̤ʥ۷壡
ţʮŵʥǿͷųһ
ʮʥܲ𣿶óһĶࡣ
һʮ˾ͱӡӡ֮ƿǣһҲӳȥʵ߶ԪӡǿԪըѶ
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һŵҩʥʥɼţܶʱʥҲʵ
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Ҫȥ־أʱ䲻֮࣬ǰ潫ĻԪڣΪӣ˻ԪҲ϶ͷ֮·
СϹĴǸʵٶֲġ
СӣѾϵĴͼĳߣ
޼аɵҩš
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ͼ
Ȼ뵽һˣԪ


3006 ͼӵ
ԼһָоƺõͼǿֵԪкܴϵ
ȻˣȻˡ
һУ²˳٣Ҷȡңֺܿ뿪ɽ硣
;գȻԶԶܸӦķɽ磬һħɷħϧ֪ҲΪǿԼܶԸ̫һ档
־أ;һΡ
ʮ죬Ѿ־ΧϢһӵиִʿԼħǿߡ
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ܿ켸˾ͲʥĹϢ塢ϢҲϢͷš
һȻҲ׼ŴǿߣԸǣ𽥿磬Щɵ
Ͼǿ̫࣬˶ʲôʱеģǿᣬҲסǿΧɱ
ء¼һڽһյأòǣ
˿磬
˵꣬Ȼǽ֮γһ𵴣Ҫ֪һ𵴾ȻӰ쵽˲磬򵥡
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⡭𣿡
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죡
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ٶȻȷ۴Ķ࣬ǿߣϴǿһ


3007 ʮ
˲Ϣһӡﵽʥ۷ʵС֮һɱ
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ɱӡӡȻ澹ûбˣ˰벽ҲûУͦΣƿӡֱâӲӲĽ档
·ӽǣâĹƣһʯȴСȴԷ˰ı۰򣬾Ȼסʯһ
⡢СӾȻɽ֮ʵ
ߣȻͿЦĽͼ˫ǦһӶ
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ԭˣҲǸӦһԪŽ׷ɱ
ͼգֻһǻҪȥĴأץʱ䣡
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ͼɵӣ֪ʵһξѻᣬҲҵһ
֮ɱɣ
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ǳ֮Уصƿߡ
˲طΪǳʥ˵һҲ͸ǳ
Ŷ
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ǵõ̫ʯ֮ܿʼʱΧǳ֮У𽥿ټʥĹȻԼ֮Уˡ
һǳ֮Уһ㣬Կ϶ǻӰ
ԭϢ͸Ϥʥ֮ԴʱܵˣӦþԶʥˡ
ֻʥˣʵ壬ʥ˵־Լʥ
ʥ嶼ǳ󣬿£ҵҲữΪǳ״̬ǰǷģõǵĴУһΪǣػ
˸̫𺳣Ҳǵһμʥ˵ģн塣
ʥ˲ĴҲǵ̫ʱ֮ǰ֮еĴڣΪʥ䡣
Īǡֻأ־
͵ģ濴ˣ뵽Ҷȡң˵Ļ
δҲǾԪΪǿˣΪ𣬺ԪԼµµķһɽʱʮȥ

뵽̾Ҷȡңʱûң˵ڵµ󲻾ãҲ䣬Ӿʥˣ̫ʱ֮һ䣬ֻأ־ĴУղҶңʱ
һָӵͷʿеͷһߣӦñκ˵ļ̡
Ҳ˵Ĳǿκˣǰ֪Լˣ¶÷費ɡ
ʥˣ֮岻ϻΪǳǰѪöɲֻص壬еһУ·ں֮С


3008 ͵Ϯϣ
ʥǰ㰲꣬ĹϢ֮УоκԹһԡϴʥ֮Уϯ
˻ҲoҲˣȻαؾȥ
𽥻ָƽһ飬ʵҵѾı䣬֮һʱգҶȡңصδһԸ̫һ汾ҵʹ켣Ѿͬ룬ѾˣڻһһΪ𣬵ڶȴܴʱգȥδ
ģһУִһ״̬£ʥǿ
籾Դʼ仯Ȼǰʮλã˲Ϊģʮռ䡣
ʮĳΣܺã֮ǰֻشҪĴ򣡡
ʮѳɣ
ζһ̿ʼѳΪֻǰǰ̫࣬һж̫ʯı䡣

ˣվ־ʥĹڵʮĳΣջˣҵʵѾ̤ʥ۷ƿȥŻľأӦͻƴʥ̤ʥ澳ʥ˵ľ磡
ƣΧǳĹĹʧ١
ҶңҲֹͣ
ôҪ뿪ˣӴΨͼã˵ĹҪ֮ס
뿪֮ǰңٴνطӡ
ӡ֮󣬽ͼƤǰһǰŻľذɣ˵ʵٽʥҵľӦҲ̤˽ٱʥϽͼҵʵǴʥ۷壡
ͷиǵǿ֮ϣ֣ǶԸһˣ
ǶԸһˣЦɣ嶼ԶԸ޷Ըһˣ
Ӧˣ
һˣȻӦ
ǿˣȥŻľأ
˵˵δҪԸǿУҿ䲻
ڵġ
һ½ͼռС˵Ը֪̫һǿ󣬿¾ͻ᳦Ӷˡ

ǳ֮ϣ⾡ͷ
ӭ˻ʣ
ռ䣬âǹ貣ɫƯ񷡣
˻ۡϹŶڡ
ݡ졢ʥԪ۵ǿߣϷһӭ̤С
£ϹŶ໥֮亮ѡ
л֣ϰ߼ž˻ã˵ҪߣúúһԸħ򼸴ɽ类ħƣǿ߿֤̫һĴڣɽҪЭУ
̫һɱöãһ̤Źǹ壬£ֻһ볤ͷ֣δ̫һ棬飬ʥ˲࣡
˻󣬲δжϲŭ
һɨˣȭλѣҲٻع飬ټɽ׼һ֧Ԯɽ磬̫ɽ磬ħѪս
У
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ǹ£˻۸ˣһɽ硣
۳ϢϢδྪ֣ҵϽϵ̫һ񷢷ƵĽɽ磬ɱɽ֮ǿᣬҵС֣ջԴ
˻˫һʱһʱ䣬ͻɱһˣȥһУʱȻʵ岻ɿɵ˶ڣƺ̫һ棬ҿʶ𾿾ǿҲҲӵʥʵ
Ԫɽɽѻ𣬴̫һֻһУɽ磬ȻǴţһģȴЦ̫ˣ
ţѾա
ݣݣ
֪
ʯǿհķսпɼ񽣣ϷϮնٶ֮죬ռ䶼ֽۡ
ʲôˣת̧ͷŽɱ
˻ʱʣ
˻ӣгһëʣѸͶɱ񽣣ƽʷ档
䣡
񽣻˻ƽʷ棬˻ʡҲʱȥһˡ
Ȼ˻ʣʵ
ʮӰϮ
ԿͷǬʥԪۣһϹŶ
˻ɭ˫üŭʥԪۡǬߡˣ˵ֻԱʣΪǰ·ɱ֣԰ɣ
Ǭ߰Ȼɵˣǲῴٴ𣬶˻ʣҲŻɽ
ʥԪľɣ罣ˣ˻죬ĪҵĺҵŵӵӦ֪֮УӵʥĴɣΨʥͻƴʥ̤ʥ澳ɾʥˣ
Ϊһɱǣ벻һֻɫۣ߳һ
һɢ޼Ԫǿߣţ˻һɥŵ֮аɣʥԪӺۡۡ


3009 ͵Ϯ£
ʥԪ˵ĺãһ֮֮Уʴʣɱ
ʮǿ߾Ƕ۵ӡ
Ǭߴ֮ǰڣδһۡ
ɱ𽥴Ǭ߻·͸ռ䣺Ǭɽ컯ɽ硢̫ɽ硢ѩɽ硢̫ɽ硢ɽȵĵϣнһãɽ羫Ӣɱ̫һħ塢ħ塢̫һ涼Ϊȥ
Ҫʱ̣ȻŽᣬȴ壬Ѭģ̫С̫һ棡˻͸ʧ
壿˻ʽԼ̫أû壬Ī޷Ըħ̫һ棿˻ʣڵʱ忴ģ
ɱ壬ÿûͣ
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˫֮ʣǬ˻켸һͷơ
žž
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˻ʣ
ը˫޲𵴣ռγһһﳤﳤѺۡ
˻ʾȻû˿˲Ǭߣ巽ȴЩ飬ǺܿðһЩ麹
ǿԵʵ࣬ⷽǿһ¶
̫ʱľ˻ʣߣӵԪ֮ʵֲ̫
ܼʶ̫ǿ߷ɣֵã
ϧ˻ǿҵʵҲžŽٱʥΪһοҵʮͷ
˶˻ʵĿ࣬ͬʱҲţΪͬǾŽٱʥһܿʮǿߡ
˫ʵ࣬ⷽǿĵ
ʶ̫ŵ
˻̾Ϣסű⣺ˣɡ˽ûʸᵽ̫Ŷ֣˻ʱʣ
֮ʣʮǿ߽ԿʼͷƣǬһ֮ɲ֮󣬲ų֡
˻ޱ飬׼ʱɱ
֮ɱһâγǧ׾ޱʵıʷ棬޷ݶôǿΪΧⶼڳֲѺۡ
ǿ󷨱˻ʱʵķҵģУ
ʥԪһƽʷɱʱҲʩչƻΪƾһǻƽʷС
žž˺Ԧƾһ̱һЩջûбƽʷȫ顣
ɼ˻һ֮޷ǿԽʮͬΪǿߣ˻ǼԪǿߣһԪϡ
ǿ˻ʣȻǿ
Ǭ߼ɵһ֮ץһ񽣣λó۷ʵնɱ˻죬ɲܷŻɽ
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ʮǿһڷͷţÿ˵ķǸ߽λ
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ץס֮ʮǿ߽ƻʩչϻ֮ʮ߶ֵȷںһΪʮ˻ʡɱ
˻ʱʱ˻ֳ֣ȻִһȦɱ͵Ļһʡ
һʷǻƽ𽽹ɣļʸһɱǰơ
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ײ˲䣬ͽ˻һ
ʮɵǿߣǿƿؾ棬Ժϻ֮Խ˻ʵһΡȻ
ǬһЦ˻ʣʵǿ̫ǿһɽ֮һǿᣬƲһЩʥ澳żԽʥΪʥǰڣΪԶŵ񣬿ϧȴҪҵɱ
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˫ں֮У·ƺڣһȺ֮۲м֣
ʥԪὣЦڳԣм֣ΪԼʲôˣϰˣ
䲻м֡ǿģֻΧͻȻ޷˫ִϢ𽥷Ŵ
ҿǹ죬
ɲǣʥԪһ࣬һӥˣüͷȴǰɫģͷҲЩ߰ס
취ֻһն㣡˵꣬񽣣Ȼ˲١
Ŷ취ֵϧˣˣ˷֣ҿһܷɱۣ
۾ȻͥŲһ㣬Ųˡ
ߣ
취Ϣ֮Уһ˳
գۣ취ɱǰν˲䣬̵˶Щ޷壬ԵѾֱֱնüġ
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߳壬䣬ֻ۵ĺ޷״̬£γɸ֮Ƶ˲䣬һȭɱٴ𵴣Χռ˺ѡ
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һ棬ڵڶϢ취ƺʲôϧˣȭâ飬ӵ취𼸺һǿк˳ȥ
һУ취ܣˣ

ǬߡʥԪЩˣûһȥ취ȫƻΪεۣסˡ


3010 Ϊ
ۻȭâƸΪֲʵ̫ӲסһȭסһȭŴʥ۷ʵܽסʮȭܳԽ󲿷ִʥܿס۰ȭɽ֮ʵ
ȻǿߣھͷɫڣȻ˻ǴУֻһͨɫ
֪۾ȻǿߣһȭܻܾŽٱʥͷ
֣ˣ
䣡
ǿ֮ʣ˻ɱ˹ȥ˻ʱʽţ˲佫Ƭڰϼ֮С
¡¡
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ħ죡
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ʥԪ۵˾ʧ£һ߶ɱ
֮Ȼʵȭâ飬ٶ̫ˣſһɺɫҺ塣
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ϵȻʥԪ۵ˣϹŶǼԪǿߣ˻һ̫ŻԪǿߣֶж٣
һ̣ھͷ֪ˣǱˮ綾ûˣϵۡ˲䱻ɡ
Ҳżɱһȭˮ
ͷˮ綾£ҪԸ綾Ҫʩչ߽ɱȭâ
⡢ǿʩչˮ綾Ӧ˻ʣˮ֮ȳĴڣ
ˮ֮磬ǴˡпҲһ̫ǿߣ
ʥԪ۵Խ
ٿ˻죬ʩչ˻ʱʣԸǬ뼸ͷ˫ɱѽѷ֣ܿ˻ʵΪԵ϶Ƽֺϻ
˻Ҳʩչ綾ôһ̣һ׶Ƽͷ

û뵽Ǭ߾Ȼʩչ񽣣˻һ֮󣬸ߺһһͷߡ
ˣԱۡ˻ǿʵ飬ߣϾǿƴûһʤ㣬ǹڱƿأֻǴֻ֣Ӱˡ
ߣ
ٺ٣ͱ˰ɣ
ᣬɱɱϻ֮ȻԵ
˻۱׷ɱȥͬʱҲڵ棬׷ȥնɱˣҲҪشۣΪǣһ廹ǿԮ˽ڴˡ
ۺ֮û׷ȥ

ٶ̫ˣ˲ֹһ
취
ǿʵ˵ѾҪһϢٶҲֻͨʥ߶ȡ
ٶȣȻǰ
ȡҡ취𻹻֣ѪߵʥԪۡǬߵȡ
֣ţȥ֧Ԯܿ㣡
Ǭһ仰ʥԪһˣˡ
ǣɺޣɡɶ񰡣
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ʩչƣΪħ˲ס취
״̬µ취飬޷мۣѾڰס޷
취ɱŷۣ˫ȾȻˣɱңɱңҶǼԪǿߣҲһʱ̰ĺڣӵеԼűƭ
˻һ֣ӡˣʵҲߣʱһԸħ磬Լ̫һ棡
л˻ʣ취ɿ
ͱ˻ʷӡ
ӡ취Ԫ֮УԱ˻ֲ£ӡ
˻۴취ʵжŵ˶ٺô
˵ֻҪ͵ϹŶֻħⳡƽ֮󣬾Ϊÿ˿ٵʥĵԴҲҵʵ̤ʥ۷壬һԪҲͻʥ澳磬ΨʥҵпܳԽʥ
취ʵĺܣ˵Դƽ֮󣬻·ɵˣЩϹŶһһɽ磬ҵȳΪɽ֮
ǲ˻۵ͷɵɱ
֣ҸϽȥټǿߣҲҪѽˣ壡
ãѾӦһЩǿϢһЩǿߣȻ󲿷ֶ򣬵˵ǿߣӦûⷽ
ͷţ˺ܿʧ

ߴ֮һŻľء
ŻľһλԵշ֮С
ҶȡңͼʵȴǿߣѾٴο۴
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ڲһЩǿȻ֮УǷɢǶߣֻһȺһʧ
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ңеƣ׼һȻѾɱأŻľӦǿѴ
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ΪЧʹȻЦңʧȥءء־أǿ䣬峤ҲɱǺʵѡ⴦Żľأ
ͼʵӦð岻ǵһ𣿡


3011 Ǵ
ǵһǹ壬иǿߣޣԼټԪǿߣɽ˷ľͷһЩ̫ŴľǿߣС
ǿǾóأ
Ҿԭ򣬵һ֪ʵǿ޷ֹԷʧΣħ󱬷ҲЩԽǲøǿߴأһԭߴʥĹڲǿƣɽ֮ҲԲ㴳룬ʥǿҲ޷ʱն٣ǲȿʴʱߴأħսȻأǿ߱Ͼ治٣
ΪЧĴڣ˵ɣͬ
ȻŻľأ˽󣬾ûƻ󷨣ͨ͸һ硣
ΪЧĴҲ󲿷ȥΧ
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˳빬ڵ磬ϤĹÿ˽ɫ¡
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ȻȥĹǳĹΧУӦϣӦͻ״
徹ȻŻľأҲҲŻء̫ءѪأø߰˳Կħ̫ѹҲѾʶ̫һĲ򵥣
ΧƯʮ㾫ӿڣͬʱҲڷơ
羫ʥ˲ĻΪһȦȦ޷ݵǳ״̬һʮ㣬˲ءزءѾΪǳ״̬ȫѪӡ
˾ͨΪһ壬ǳͷ֮ҲữΪ޵ǳ
ҿԽǰһͨںҵʮ
ʼӷֹһߵĴʥʵС
ҶȡңҲڴʥ羫ǲδıԴԼĹľֻ
ͼͷһâ棬˵ƣȻΪһͷ״̬˸оİԵ
ͼ
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ʴһͷͼԼĴһʮͷҲڲɾ

ž
䣡

ͷΪĴͻƣȻûǰΪҲ߽ٱ£ʥ䲻ͬҲͬС죬ʥӵеʥ澳ɽ֮Ҫ
ΪЧõԴȴ޷õʥĹᡣ
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ˣ
ں£֮ںţҲޡ̫ʯΪҲԴ硣
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ģһЩγ߸Ȧ
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ʦûȥ磬޷ᵽǳ嫣
ң̾ʥĹ֮У󣬿ߴλã֮ǰҲǿ߿Ҳֻߴλðˡ
󣬺ܲ𣿡
ǳ󲻷û뵽ʥʵȻܴ˾Ļ󣡡
󣿡
ͨҲʦ֪󣬶ԽǴ磬ֻ֮ջԪԼ͵ܲûΪ̺磬ⱱ󣬾һ󡣡
Ҷ˵ʱЩʦͨΪ۴ҲֻȻǴȴߴΪģʦ룬ߴ֮ԶϲóΪһǲǲ
Ҵˡ
Ժһ档
ԼڲŴ󣬽Լ뿪أ뿪˹ŻľأŻľ֮ǳ
ģվǿ֮УҲϷŴԼȻŻľػΪȭͷСΧһɽҲ𽥻ΪͬСɽپ޴ʣնȭͷСʯƯǰ
һ̣ſԼ棬ȻľͷվǰɽƯǰ


3012 
ɽ֮УءŻء־ءŻľءء̫ѪزУʥĹ֮пλãߴںϡ
ʱɽ֮ߵâΪţߴصλãͬʱߴ໥֮䣬һâʱɽ֮ͳһǹâ
ǡʥ䣬Ϊ
Ǵ
Ҷȴʱʦʥ˺ܲҲ䣬ΪǴʧȥģ
ǿԴ߶Ǵ˺嫵Ĵ󣬾ȻɽΪ죬ͬʱ߶ɽ磡̾
Ӧǿԣ
ĬһӣҶ渵ҹǱҪںߴصõʥȻĹ֮Уյ߶Ǵ󷽷ǷˣûʥҲ޷˳󡣡
һñǿˣںϹŻľ֮󣬾ʣ¼ŻءѪ̫أں֮󣬵ʱ߶ǴԸ̫һ棬һܳɹʱУΪУҪȥʣ
õʥĴУ߶ǴߴصҶȡң˻ʡ۵Ⱦͷɱ̫һ棬Ȼٴʱգȥδ
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ܳʱڣ涼ںǴȻǺǿþںһӡǡ
ʵѾʥ۷ˣʥ澳
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ԼʥѱںһգʣµľںʥıԴ
ԴգһգʥĹͻʧ
ߣһأǳѪأ
кˣһһһ뿪Ĺ
ңٴĴӡʽڲĹӡ
ݣ
ۿһǿߣʮͷһжʮˣո뿪Χ֮УȻһͻȻ
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ˣǳɣ򵥣ɴƣңͼʵȴ泩١
ʱزѪ֮У޾ѡ


3013 ̫ɽ
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ޣԣǻԼΪޣҵĿǰҲ֪Ǿǿ󣡡
ĺܣ緲ǷˣǷ磬ɽ磬ˣɽҲǴ磡

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ңҶȣʦܣ֮УԽǿĴڣԽ޲ʲô𣿡
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ȥ֮ͨ󣬽һһ顣


3014 Ĺʧ
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ӦʥĹλãϧʥĹʧˣΧҲΪ
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ּҶȽץģֻмĹ֮سΪ棬Χǳ̬ɼûκζսӦ彫ʥĹתƣȡߣõʥĹĹУʥĹ֮ǰʧģ
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ȻҪȥȡ
治ҡͷ̫һħɱɽ磬ɱȥ壬̫һ棬ǲҪƾ𣿡


3015 ̫
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Ҷ֮˼ȻǽصµıԭˣԼһЩԪʯȡߣԱԭ˲ƳƷ
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3016 ǿħϣ
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˲Ĵγһɹɻ籩ϻ򣬻籩Ϊˣ֮涼ᱻճɿ


3017 ǿħ£
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ʵԽǿԽܿ͸ռ䣬ʱգʦʵ̤ʥ澳ʥʵܿĸҶ˵
ۣ֮һ̾УþΪ֮𺳡
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̫ɽ;з棬ȫǹǺ⣬ԼиķƬ棬ͨͨ
ʣʮħͷ˱̫ɽǰ

һڰ磬̺ΣͻȻʮħǿ̫ɽʱɲƾճ֣Ӹ߿أסˡ
粻ͻĴüͷһ塣
ңҲɻʦܣԾΪΡ
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ʦħϢӵһִϢ²Դ磬ҲӵдʻǷңǳ϶ĿԽɱ
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ˣŹڰʥĸ󲿷УħҲǣħǿħ֮֮УһкڰʥĸǿߣΪأħǿߣû뵽ռ̫ɽΪҪȥ϶޷Ҫڰʥĸһս
սսɣǴǿкξ壿
ǹͣη塣


3018 ħ
˼ɱħ󣬸̫ͨɽħ
ħίʵѰħ󣬼һ͸ˣħȴУźһο״ڲ󲿷ħǿһ
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һһ㳡ʵһϼ̨ħƿӡڳԪıʯ֮С
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ǿʵδﵽʥ۷壬֪ȻǴʥÿҲ޴ģ۷壬ҪһԪԪͻƣ㲻ҵĶ֣
ħԵŭХš
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ħһʱħϹͼڣʼգħɷٴǿ٣Ϲ壬һҪɽص


3019 ħ
һ
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ħҲͷħƣɱһħ⣬ʯײ
¡һͨɱһգͨײ֮زϵĴըͨһ顣
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ɲǿЦģһ⣬пܱħԼԪаգҲʱðա
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ħһǿߣΪħ磬ΪڰʥĸЧ̫ϧˣŸͷɱ沢η壬ͬҲһ
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һĻҲħһҲ޷ǡ
沢δʩչҲδʩչͨĹֻǴ߶ռʩչº쳾
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ħˣ֪ʦʵﵽʥ۷壬ʥֻ΢ľ룬ʩչռͨΪף
󷽣ңһҲΪ浣ġ
ʦɣһƣ֮Уûʥ澳ʵû˿ʦ֣ҶҲ֮һЦ


3020 ħھ
ۣ
ħĴͷδأһӰͻȻħ޷ͱһһ汦Ӵһ룬Ϲ塣
ۡȻһĶ֣ħһ²ɽ֮£Ҳòش
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ãʦˣݺħ磬ʮħ֮⣡ƴΡȻЦ֮£ȫ汬
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ħͷѾ֮УֻʵǿҪһʱܽС

ҶҲں֣ҲδʩչôױȵĻֻͨһƬâ˶ȥ
ɱħ֮ĺܣɱħɶԷɱĹƣڰǰͻȻı䷽򣬳Զա
תҵĹħͷԼɱͨǰȻʧžĿɱҶȡ
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һħ֮⻪ںһ𣬻Ϊɫħɷ硣
ЩħͷǰǴ֮УһĴڡ濴Щǿߣ۽Щ˿߲ʵȻȴ֡
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Ȼңԣ˺ϻ֮ȻԽʮħ֮ĺϻ֮ħ˲һ顣


3021 Դ֮ĺڰʥĸ
ǡˡ
ħЩ֮ǰһһеħ֮ڽӡиռ䶼ڱͬʱ
ǿħ飬ǵƣҲɲǼ䣬ŽȻ޴档
ڲʮħǿߣҲֻܳδܵشϻ֮飬һʩչɱ
Ҷȡңɱޱȵһħ֮С磬նٻԪ
ⷽⷽǿߣͬ㣬ٿ̫һ桢ҶңǾðԪĪ磬ϡѹħ֮
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棬δģħħǿߣȥķڷ

ħȴδ˿Ϣᡣ
һǿħ֮ɱոռ̫ɽعڣ޾ħɷ·ʯ㳡Ҳըһӡ
ʵħҲħһ߶ȵľͷ
âǿ𣬽նÿռ䶼˺ѣħɷпԣȻδγɶв


3022 Զſ
ڲԶҶȡңΪԵѹüħǿߣǰʣħ֮
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޻âΧΪ磬ҶȵһĳȻΪ촷ۣħ֮Ѫ
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ûлͷҶȿˣû˱̬һ֮С
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˲ϢӴ֮У׹Ԩ
ҶȡңǾϲˣɽȻҪĶ

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ռΧħ󸲸ǣǺϼ֮Уȿһ̫žߴǧףһǧ׶ྪ˵ıԭ档
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Ӧǿܣǿ֮󣬱˽ʬƳΪ֮ǿܣҿ
ҶĿԶ֪ܿԶӦǱڰʥĸúڰԼ츳ƣ
ʿܣȻںڰʥĸǱЩҪǿ󣿡
Ҳͬ뵽㡣
ع֮⣬Ѿһħ־ͷѾվڴʥ۷壬ǰܣȻʵ
ʥ澳Сͷ
Ȼһˣǧ⣬ͿһߣûκǿƣΧʯһ䣬о˿¶ȣԼ
ΧϢΪһ¯ƺпҲһ㡣
ʦͷӦӵʥ澳ңʾ֮֮һƯȥ
ʥ澳
ǿվʥ˵ĸ߶ȣ

ߣ˫ͫͻȻһߣҲӿһɺڰ棬Χ׶ʱգΪ¯ֻƺӵĳַ
ϤϢˣ̫ѵ̫̫ɽĳλԶǿߣʱоϤζȻЩͬ϶̫̫
ֻ̫֮Уа񡢱һںϣΪӡ
̫ʦǶԶΪǿ֮һҶȶǻҲ࿴
һ̫ľǿߣϹŶҲòϢҲȻ̡


3023 ̫žͷ

ңԽϻҲԽ
ңϴѰԼ̰Цݣӵзһ岻֮𣬶ӵ̫𣬿Ҫõˣں̫𣡡
䣡
߶ˣһΧջ¯ҲΪ֮һų̫ɽڲռ䣬γơ
ңҲͷĻ棬𽥻Ϊһͷˡ
̣
˼ףԻײ֮໥գԷɵһɶ
ͷţΧŸϢյøɸɾ
֮ŭ
ңӡ£һһ潣ʵ񽣣նߣһ潣ڰ̫ɽڲγҫۻ⡣

̫γɵĻ¯赲潣
ն̫¯¯ܵ𵴣¯ҲһЩѺۣûг飬ңƿصĻ潣ҲڼϢ֮ʧȥ󲿷ʧ
ݣ
ľӡ滯Ϊһ֧֧ʮʸΧڰգѸɱңǰ

ԵĻβһɨͽһ֧֧ʸ𿪣Щʸı䷽һһм֮⡢ʮķ棬ը
ݣ
ͷһƬʸǴҪɱң

ңӡ֮󣬻һһγɵĴɽӰѹߡ

ɱĿֲʸң֮£ʸٰԵٶҲԽԽ
¡
߻¯
¯Ȼû飬Ҫ֪ңʩչ󣬿ҲѾԽʥӵʥȻû˲ѹ¯
ʦ֣ʩչͨ޷Ҳ޷ٻָֻҪʧȥһЩܴ˿̣Ҷںѡ
羻
ңı乥ƣɽѹͬʱϽΧ顣
û˼룬ֻ֪ûͼͷţͷŶ٣ͱ顣
ȥƺֻͷŻ棬޷ʩչͨ
ߡеӡ󣡡
Ժ֮УߵĴУһЩ棬ܿǸģ
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̫žͷ̫ǿˣ׷ʥˣ̫ɽ磬¾̫ĴС
̫Ǳ߻һЩĴڣԶͥľ໭渡֣þ޷ƽϢ
벻̫ţٴμԶžͷ
ϧͷ⣬̫ų٣ΪڰΪǣںڰʥĸУճΪߡ
̡
ң̫״̬̫Χֱ顣
ϻſŴ죬Ҳڲ̫ͣϻ棬ģ̫
ң۵ҲУڴʱȻɳ
ӡӡ
ƽöã̫ܽɽ顣
ɲһͷʱñʬ³ʩչ̫
û뵽̫̫𣬾Ȼ˰ԵպҲɣںڣǣ𽥶̫ʱҲ̫ȷǿԾһɡ
ӡ
һ̫֮ϻ漫Ϊ΢ڴʱӡַϴ̫ڡ
ǡ
ʶ̫ھͷԴһϤޱȵĻ䡣
˰
𺳿һڣѪĻ䣬Ư̫Ժ֮УȻͷĵ͸̫ȫľѪ⡢
Ȼ˰ǿ̫
˰ֻǣʵһűķӡ濴󣬾ͽӡûա
ֱʧ̫֮ͻȻ˻ָųûһҲȻ޴档
Ϣɣ
͵ͷһЩʯΪ餣ӡ̫ӡڹ֮У·
ʥ澳ͬСɣҺһûʶǿߣǻˣͲױҵȷӡң˿ҲЩ飬ȻԸ̫ǰɡ
ˣ
ոշӡ̫ʲ֮
ǰȻһǿ
һս£ЩѺۣʧȥĹ󣬵Ҳݣս
һսף֮Уһڱ
ΪΪ͸ħɷҲЩѺۣӦ𷨱ͷųϢڲͬǿ
ٴ̾ϢǱƺǡ֮е̫ʱ֮ǰǸ֮еĴڣ

濪ʼ߼֮Ѱš
̫ʱһһЩҵ
ˣ
濴һЩ֮Ҳ𺳣ǵȷǸǿߣ̫ʱΪǿľͷ֮һս񡯣


3024 ս
ս񣡣
ʾ˷ܵĿϹŶǴ֮Уֳٵأɱħ֣ʥˣ̫ʱ˳֮Ϊս񡯵Ĵڣ
λǰֳ޵У̫ʱǿǳʥ⣬ľǿߣҲʥ澳Ĵڣ߼֮УһЩھսĹȥ
Щȥ̫ʱʱʥ˲Ž򣬻δ취ʥ˴žս̫̫ˣ֮Уնɱǿһɽ硣
ڻ硢֮Уγɴɽ硣
̫ǿˣңңƲֶ̫μ򵥣ʩչͨȻ

ҶƵֶ߳ݶȣڹͥʱŹشˣĴ棬벻δȻ־ͷ֣ѵã
ս

ԷҲ˲ϱƽսÿһӴڰƣγɿֲɫ籩
籩γɽɱ֮ƣڰ֮ռֲۣս꣬Ȼɱ⣬սסЩһЩѺۣٻܴ߶
Ҷߵ벻һ֮ʣսٶȼӿ죬Ưץһ׵磬쿪ʼ׵³ơ
߳壡߳壡
գۣһ׵磬⴦ɽķŭҪͽ伸̤Ľص࣬Ӱ֮˺ѶҶȺ
նҶҲץһΪޣ̺޷ݵĴ
ץױޣ·ǵһ飬ɱһ顣
׵ɱҲһҶױޣһһԵĻ飬ȻҶױҲע׵磬޷ô๥ơ
ս񹥻ֶξҲ򵥣ɱķҶÿһλãһɱ
ҶȻӶױޣһɨǴ飬âҫ۵׵磬ڸ߿֮ըѡ
ʣʦͨɱò£ʲôɽ硢ħ֮Ҳ㣬ʥ澳ϹŶ
󷽼һֱĿת˶
ңûҲڻָҶȣû˿ġ
ҲĬĬΪҶҶʵܻܾս
˲ɱ׵ͨսͻȻı乥ƣս죬ͻȻһ㣬ͷҫ۽â𣬴һ߸߻Ϊߵһ
ĲĲĲ
սﻹ߶ʲôߵͻȻһںĵķ籩
籩ϯҶڷ̲С
ȻҶΧʯȻɺڰ籩ȥȻҪҶ֮С
ǿһУܻ
ҶԴ磬ʵҲԸȥðճԣͷƽ顣
籩ȻڽסУҶʵ̫ǿˣ飬ֻʱʱ߰벽Ҫп²򵥡
ңֳƿ죺ʦʵȻмɼʱڶôԵӦóԽӡ
Ҳоôֲսӡ֮ϣԶҲñԭƶɣ򲻿Խӡ֮ϡ
Ҷ뾸սȥһʱͻȻսϵЩ
̫ˣܾǿܣûʶ޷ʩչָʵһһգңɫȻ
ˣ
ڴʱս˻֮ʣΪᱻҶһľ
սͻȻһӣս콫´﷨ּҶѹ
ģ
ң֪İԵոƽһ
ӡ
Ҷڱѹ˲䣬ƾʧ
з棬̫ɽҡΡ
ž
ս󷽣ҶȻΪӰʵĳ֣žսָץӡϹŶڡԡ
ԭҪҶɱΪսܿ첻ʧҲΪһߴСɵսС
ӣҪصĸԣֳƵ죬Ҳ뿪ս
ϲʦܣ
ŷӡõľսҶܼ
Ҷ̾սʤս񣬲޷ͨǻŵĴڣҵø˴ۣܻϹŶԶʱڵľͷ
һսٴμʶԶžͷ
ƹ餣սᡣ
һֻ̣ವһ˺ȻһаħӰϮ
ǿߣ
˲ɵһǷ泾֮УȻһǿߣһħףƤѪ죬ͷҲˣ֮Уһɶ೤Ĵͷڵ棬߶ڵϻѺۡ
Ϲžͷ𣿺ÿµħɷɱ⣬һԶŴħͷʶ̲ס뿪ΪΪǴħͷһж޷ס


3025 Ѫħ
ңɫδһ˿־壺ǸͷȻЩ𣬵ھսе
ǡ
Ѿ߼֮Уţܿ𺳵̫šѪħ𡯣
Ѫħ˵ħ֮У֮УѪħһֱ¼ڹż֮У⻹һԶħ񰡣
ŵò뾸սһʱڵľͷѪħ𣬴ԶħȡĺᣬȻ֪٣ѪħѾǳԽʥĴڣ
ãһս
֮ȥ
Ϲħ
ϹħĴ棬Ϊħ
꣡
Ѫħÿһ֮еĴͷڵ°Ѻۡ
̫ɽͨɽأӲһͷ΢𿪰ףɼͷ֮
Ѫħ𡭡
ڿ֮ͷţ治Ҵ⣬ɽ
Ѫħһ̸ܵս⣬Ŀ棬û˿ɫδɱͷ˫֮УֱһѪâɱ
䣡
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ǡʥ
ɰףȻûˣϻ޷ݵʹУ˫ʧȥ֪ɽץȡ
ˣ
ߴأʥ֮󣬵һˡ
ܿץסɽѪħ֮ʣҲȻͷʵ۷塣

һѪɫͫâɱԣѪͫħɷ֮У·ӤڿսʬڸɼѪħǰħôаɱٵ
ͣ
һûж֤һΣ
ɽѪâը˲䣬ٴνɣΣֻǱһɶԶ
Ѫħ಻󡭡࣬ЦݣѾȷԼʵ̤ʥ档
Ʒûо磬ͻƶɽ٣Ѿʥ澳ǿߡ
ɴ
ɲѪħǿߣӲӲĶȥ
ѪħȻɱѪͫϧ󲿷ֿʼϵɡ
ƶû֮ѪħͻȻķھԶħ
䣡
Ѫħɽӣͷն£Ȼ飬ȫвͷ
ռͨ漰ʱһͷڷǧѺۣƺҪ̫ɽ
̫̬ˣѾѪħǿŵ˵
ѪħǿԼֲħ־ִʥʵȻ޷ֵձħ־Ԫ񡢵ġ
ĸͷ
һ
̫ɽǧѺۣɵõԪ壬ܷס˾˹ơ
Ѫħʬ⣬ʧȥ˼άֻһζ淢ƣʶҪһɲס
䣡
ɽľħɷѪħɱ棬ڵһը
ͷٴδӰ档
º쳾
ʧˣһʩչռͨѪħʥٶȣҲ޷κ
ѪħʥұɣҾӵʥǿ󣡡
ͷŲӿûֲֿͨѪħδעǣЩ㣬ʼħɷֻ֮صڡ
ಣ
Ѫħ粻ɱ棬Ƶģٴɱ
ʩչռ˲䣬ͻȻǰûϢ
ǿߣ

ҶңʣʩչԽѪħǰǿߡ
Ѫħһȥܵһǿǰһǿͷš
ǿߣ
Сռ£ܶѪħһͷɱ
ֻҪѪħעʩչռ㣬Ѫħǿ
Ӧǰһ⡢ϤΪ֮һ
һӣȫϲһЩƣ͸ΪϤ
һ𡭡ӵߣ
ϧȻоκҲ֮ǰ̫սѪħǿܰˡ
һ𸴻ǿߣһ׷ԲԵߣ񣬿кβ֮ͬüһһĽƣǹǿߣӡ̫ˡ
ǿߣǿ⿴Ǹ׷ߣΪԾ벻ǿߣͷ
䣡
ǷӰԿռƿأѪħͷɱٶ汻Ƹ𿪡
ʦԶѪħǣǿߣԸҶĴ
Ҳߵļ֮УҲ֡
СѪħ𹥻㲻ɰӵʥԪ
ͬʱڼ֮ѰͷߵĴ֮Ӧл档
Ȼҵˡ
ԭΪ죬֮е֮һǸ׷ߣǹ֮еġߡҲǹΪǿo֮һǶҲ׷ʥ˵Ĵڣ


3026 ߡ
ߣ
죡
߼֮У𺳵ı
ڰʥĸȻǿߣػ̫ɽΪĵڰʥĸʵΪɣʥ˵ʵҲ࣡
ϸ˼֮£һë͡
ʥ治ħҲܿںϡ
Ѫħ𲻶ɱ׷Ӷͷ¸ͷҲѺۣ𷨱Ҳʮ㡣
ϧѪħֻһζ棬ٶռͨơ
Ҷңֱ졢߽֣Ҳǿߡ
رҶȣҲʩչɴͨҲʵ
Ѫħ𡢽ߡʥ澳磬ǰƻɱˣ䣬ֱڰʥĸƣʧȥʶֻʵ޷κ˵ġ
̫ԵʵӦöʥ澳Ҳʥ澳һܶԸ壡
ںԽգ֪ΪҶȡңһܻͷ
̣
ѪħȻֻٶȡħɷ֮ǰ仯̫
ʱˡ
ÿռţںѪħ
ְ㣬ͼӡѪħ󱳣ӴѪħʧȥħɷ
Ǳ˰
ѪħԺʧȥԪήңһѪɫ˰ȴʢԺ֮Уںţ˻̻̲
ȻǱ˰ӡԺڰʥĸĪǺڰʥĸӵб˰濴˰뵽СӦСõ˰
ܿ죬Ѫħ𲻶ˣʥںϡɣиоʵ̤̫ɽǿĶࡣ
ͷʵ٣ʥ澳ҲǴľ磬粻ͬʵҲо޴̫࣬սЩͷʥ澳ʵӦûдﵽʥָ߶ȣ
ݣ
һץѪħԴһǿ߱ǿƷӡ
Ѫħ͵ᣬʼںϾͷҶңսͷ
Լһʱңûͨճ촷ۣ̫žͷʥʬ壬Ҳ֮ʧ
죬ʮǱҶʩչһգʵȻҲ١
챻͵ذᣬ˴ʱһٴοǰ߳ĺڰʥĸֹͣ
󸴻ľͷԶԿǵĺڰʥĸȻǿ֪һѪս˿ʼ𽥿ڰʥĸ
ǡ
ڰʥĸǧǰſħ̥ںڰʥĸ֮УЩħ̥һģ
ɽĺӡŮӡħ̥鶼ǣж٣
ûȥǴħ̥棬׸оɽϢøӦ͸ħ̥֮УǱڰħݵһӣԼŮӡ
ħɽץˡʿҲǺ䶯ĿⲻϿն
ħ̥Ҳʶħǿħ̥δ˴ħ̥
ʿ
ʱһϵвŮħ̥֮
Ŀڰʥĸ
ҶƲ·Ҫ͸ħ̥ħɷ֮еĺڰʥĸĪҲ֪̫һ棿
֪̫һ棬ħ罻֣Դʿ⣬δ۷״̬֣̫һ棬ǰҪʬΣĻԪñʵﵽⷽС۷壬Ӷȥ磡
ڰʥĸ˲̫ɽڲռþûصš
벻ڰʥĸԭ̫һ潻֣̫һ桭
𾪺
ңдʦ̫һܻܺڰʥĸҲ֮УڰʥĸԪδﵽ߶ȣ̫һǷҲܶԸģڰʥĸռ̫ɽУڼռһʵҲСӣӦʥʵ
ڰʥĸʵɲ⣬Ӧò̫ɽ꣬ҵҪʤҲףҶҲͷһɵ
ڰʥĸ˻ƵһǺǿ󣬱̫һʵ࣬뱾⣬ݣ̫һϴ̫ţúڰԼԼ̫ɽԴҲûб̫ɽкβ֪ͬѶˣмȽ֣
˼Ƭڰʥĸó̫ɽǲǵˣҵҲֹｻ֣
ñó̫ɽЦħ֮Уһħ籾ԭ⣬֮ɽ֮Уøǣ֣ҪԴ磬ʵﵽ۷壬뿪磬ӵ⴦С磬ȱ
̸£ڰʥĸʦͽ֣ƱһսҺаգ㲻ҵȶ֣ҶȲΪ޿Ǻڰʥĸ
ңȻ䣬͸֮ڰʥĸ㲻һִˣ֪յĴ磬ֻվײĴڣҪҵ㳼


3027 ڤʬ
һµ֮ǰģǣɱЦӺڰʥĸħ̥
ȥԣ
ңʾ˱֡
ҶҲȥһˣǳ
ಣ
𵴣ֻңһڳɱ˵ķɽǧ׺ħ̥µĺڰʥĸ
ɱǲñ֣ǱӪһԪĵڰʥĸЦ
һЩڰħƵĻǣӷ֮ʼը죬ңɳһǰаѪħ̥ħ
ͻȻħ׻ը֮һЩͻأѿȻ¶һס߹ס
߹׸ֹѿɭɭӹײӿǲһ죬ײĳѣһʬĿǿߣƯ˴ڰʥĸа
ͫȻһգ̫̾սһܣ
СһֿܣûоսǰǿҲѰʥʵԴ߹׳ĸʬңδС
䣡
ڸʬ֮󣬸ʮڣͻȻǺȻ𵴣ڶ߹׾縴ӵƯʯ׳ױ飬һ߸ʬƬ֮Ư
ͬʱڰʥĸವ˵Ӫ꣬Ǳ磬̫һҲǱ֣ǡ
꣡
ǲԶһ߹߹Źײģ񸴻ľͬʱ֮һ߸ʬ֡
֪ж٣ڰʥĸ׼˾ɫһǿǶŴʥʵĸʬ
ҶҲΪȣһ̾ڰʥĸǺڰ֮еĴڣӦƿڤȷǷǳǿӦûӵпµڤڵδ֮Уǿڤ壬ںڰǳǿᣡ
һ߹ͻ߳һǿʬ塣
ڰʥĸЦڤʬǱһٶħ֮УͨһԪħ֮ռģħԪ̫ʱħǿߣʥ𾳡ʥĴڣʥ澳ڤǣǸǱڤʬţ
ڤʬš
Ҷٴһѵдڤʬɣ
֮ǰǼ˶Ը̫ߡսѪħǲףֻڤʬˣһ֧ӴڤʬţҪԸѣ
Щڤʬʵͨʥʥ𾳣뾸ս̫ڤʬᲢۣˣѾʮڤʬңĦȭơ
ͻͻ
ֻܵȴţŻ
ڰʥĸƵڤʬϴӵð߹ףȻɳһڤʬþϰ
ͽˣ߹ײϴӷð
ֱһңǰǧڤʬƯںڰʥĸǰΪҳϵʿ
Ϊͨʥû뵽Ȼ滹вٶʥʵԼʥ澳ǿڤʬ
һǧħ缸ԪǿߣƯڼǰָо޷ݡ
̾ţоһѪսڵǡ
ȻһЩ߹ףȻںڰʥĸΧ̫ɽ֪ڰʥĸŶ߹ס
ʦ𣡡
ң˻ڤʬҲû֮ǰǰɣȻɱڣ֪ܲѶˣ
Ҫɱ̫һ棬κҲ⣬ʦ𣬽ɱ䣡ҶȶȻ˸ˡ
ǾɱһѪ·ͨЩڤʬӡ˵Ҳкܴô˭ԾɱȥڰʥĸץסᣬԺڰʥĸ֣
ҲչƣһɳֻٶΪʵ

ڤʬҲʼˣܸͬӦϢĲͬǰ˵Ϣḻ͡
꣡
һӿٶȣɱǰڤʬǰ
һ𣬴һģΪͽǰһڤʬɱ
ڤʬʥǰӦʥ𾳣ڰʥĸ֮ʵΪǿдʥ߶ȡ
ֻǴʥǿߣҲвһֱնɷ顣
ʬըѣʬ֮зɳһϤı˰аӡ
ԭЩڤʬֱ˰аֶηӡɣű˰ӡ֮飬ɲı˰
䣡
һ࣬ҶȽ̤һߴʥƵڤʬڤʬһǡ
ɹͷڰʥĸаӲҲпͨ߶ȡ

ڤʬɱˣһаħɷɱӡȭâһЩͨںȻ޷ݡ
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һֶԿڤʬɱ֧ȵĽӣڤʬֱ飬ɡ
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䣡
ԶҲû뵽Ҷȱڤʬϻ֮âȻ飬Ҳ޷ڤʬ
ңҲˣͷٰԵҲ޷ϰڤʬɱĿֲаϨ


3028 ̫֮еĴսϣ
޷Խǧڤʬ˶ȷʵƵֶΣƲ
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ڤʬȻֲûǿӦֻͨǿܰˣڿռٶȡͨⷽ棬ȷʿᲢۡ
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Ϊ٣ǰɱ
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ң飺ҿȽڤʬɱֶԸڰʥĸһһĻްգ

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벻ˣڰʥĸ̫ǿ󣬶ӵʥʵڰʥĸһ࣬ؼûжԴҵõʵ
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֮ǰأʥֻдӱԭȡĴӵʥֻбԭֻԭʯܸ
ʵﵽ۷壬Ϊκܶʥͷ޷ͻʥ澳Ĺؼ
ҪֻбԭˣǴﵽ缶߶ȵܿʵ


3029 ̫֮еĴսУ
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벻ڰʥĸٿصͨߣ˰Ե˲ӡ׷֮۵ƬԼϵ˲߶
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𣿡
ңôһ˵ʶ㡣
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һӽ棬˫˭Ҳûռơ
֮УȥԶ˲
һڰʥĸ̫ӴܸоɽڲռΪãռ̫ɽıԴԭˣǵֻһӣ
ãʦҽӳʦϣҰΧڰʥĸģҶҲͬ⣬˲䰵ʩչֶΣΧ
˷Ҳʼӳңϡ
߳壡
û뵽˵ʵһɱ׵磬֮ǰǿĶ࣬ͨ׵磬顣
ʦܡʦǻͷһ֣ң΢һЦϽӡ
Ҷһ֮ڰʥĸ⵽Ӧ֮ǽƲ࣬ڲһʩչΪƵ磬Ǿܳѹڰʥĸ
ңǻὫɶҲڣȡԼ˷κڰйͨ潫նڣҲңڡ
ңӡɱ׷߲ͨɱɱȥռƣͨߺǿʵҲ
ȻڰʥĸҲǷͬСɣδ۷ӳͨߡ
ɽڲѾǵضɽҡ˵Ļ᲻̫ɽ˶


3030 ̫֮еĴս£
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Һܼ֮ͨɱ
δ̫ʱҲǴϹʱľͷ
ĸԪ֮ãʵǰ˽ٱʥҾԪδ̤ʥ۷壡
Ȼһ꣬꣬Ϊʮ꣬ΪҲɵۣȻԽʥӵʥʵ
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ڰʥĸսγɵ𵴣Խ۷ʥܽɱΪ顣
ϹܿסҲᱻˣʴԪһһС򾡯
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ڰʥĸǿˣôħ̥½٣ҶȿЩѪɫЩݡ
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ҶȰʦ⴦̫ɽڲռ䣬𽥱ںϣȥ֮ռݴ󲿷ֿռ䣬ڰʥĸʧȥƣʱʵֱ٣
״̬£潫ֱתƸɣĴһգ档
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ټ̫ʯڲռ䣬󲿷ÿһ䣬桢Ҷƿ֮У˺ռÿ㾡֮ɶƿ֮£޷֪ġ
κԱƿأһ̣ٴβԺڰʥĸɽǿеֵ߲ͨϱϮɱÿһɽɱԵڿ°Եޱȵľ޽ۡ


3031 ߺڰʥĸ
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ǾȻܿƱδͨߣѾڰʥĸǵմŭ
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˸ոշɳһǰ׸ߵĺڰʥĸͻȻӿҫѪâ·ɽڱ
Ѫâ㼯ɵû߿գԽĻƬƬ˺ɱ

̫ǿˣ
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ԭˣ湻ƻġ


3032 ̫
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𱬷ңڴɱӡ̫ɽĺħ

ɲǣ̫ɽΧħ֡ħǿһͷӡħ֮С

һΪӡޣңѣȻ˾ڻƵģһƻħɷӡ
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˻Ǿ֣ǲɱģĳڰʥĸԵЦ

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˴ʱʼøԸӦ鿴̫ɽ
Ӧһ㲻͸̫ɽһɽǽԭ˵ľʴڣڱԭ֮¡
̫ɽ뱾ԭˣ೤̫޴ˣ̫ɽԭ˷죬ʱ䣬ڿ̫ɽȻӰʶǼӲޱȣӽԭˡ

ңΪд̾ڴ磬˴벻ص⣬ҲҪ˰
̫һڰʥĸʿɽ飬ɼԵΨֳпܻɱǣҶ˵꣬Ϳʼƻ̫ɽ
ʦ֣ԾѪ̫ɽ
ͨʽҪ̫ɽѣ
ڱԭڣһѪأ˾ѪУѪѪ̫ɽ͸һʯԷȡߡںϣ
Ŀǰֻ취κһˣ޷Զ̫ɽڰʥĸȡ̫ɽ
һ󣬾˴¼ƻ
ڴţһз紵ݶҲ֪ͨ
ԭϷҶңὣʼһڱԭϷһһЩԭʯ
ʦ㽫Щʯռÿ޲ɽıԭʯԺΪŲɱһЩѺۣҶ档
ԭʯãֱ
ȻŹʯһһָԭָ̫̣߼ʯҶңÿҲֻһҽۡ


3033 
˾๤ԼҲΪΡ
δľͷڴ٣̫ɽ̵ʣҲ״飬ȴСС̫ɽҲ޷κΡ
ԵҲǵȣҽЩʯֱûֽɽ޲
ڲԶͷ֮ɽпʼգִΧռһЩСıԭˣһա
Ҷȴǰ˵ʦʵʵԽǿԸ̵ʱ䣬̫ɽ
ͷΧһա
Դаǳֻ̺ڰʥĸⷨڣһЩ޷پֱɡ
ʲôܳԣΪҶ̹֪޴౾ԻΪʳʲôܳԡ
Ӵ£ΪǿԱԭΪ
ѾȫΪǳʼѪ⻯ΪǳΪǳ״̬Ӧþʥ˵۷塭
ھͷ·һƬǺӲ̫࣬̫ʯҲͷںڣǶǸ߼ؼ̫ɽʱԽоԼҪʧ
űԭ˿ԼɽžžըţǱԭ˿Ȼڻǳ
̫ɽıԭˣȻɽ硢ɽıԭ˼̲屶ֹֻȴա
ʵǧһ̣ڼʱƳԱȲʱȥķʡ
ˣȥԸԭˣ֮󣬵زѪ޺Ȼ˵ˡ
ѽ
Ҷң֣ͣͷͷޡ
㣬㣬Ϊ֣Ҷң꣬ھһ׶鶴ֱӷɽȥſ첻ǲǲҧűԭˣҲ֮ǰҧ鱾ԭˣǰ⣬һҧȭͷСʯҿס
ҧʯͱ޵Եˣһһ߳Եʮܡ
Ҷңһ࣬Ҳһʼ
˽ΧڣҲԽޣ˷˿Ƥ͸һЩӨǳ
Լ꣡
֨֨޺Ȼǰ
ǾȻһȦޣЦá
СһһߴС߶࣬ģ϶˲ɫ
ˣü̫ɽˣ
Ҷһԭ汻һֱһɶĶڣԼǧףһӨ͸Ƕ
ͣ
ң߶ѪǶ֮УҶҲڣѪƳһεǶ֮С
ÿ˵ϰٵѪ֮󣬿Ѫһ鶴ʲôѪӵӴǧ鶴ͷʥѪ⡣
̫ɽѪҪںϴ󲿷֣Ʋǧʱ䡭Ҷȿˣֿʼڷ鶴֮С
漴ңֱ鶴Χͷŷ鶴Ѫ뷨ںϵĹ֮У͸̫ɽ
ʥ˿治ףȻ̫ܵʱ̫ɽҲ֣ԭ˵ɣȥ֮УԼʿӰӡ
Ӧʥˡ
ҲˣʥˣȻˣҲ̫ɽﻹǵңҲˡ
Ҷѣʦ̫ŷӦӵвϹǿߣ֮дǿںϣǿ
֮ڴʥѣ˶ԣСһ
ں֮ʣȻΧǿԼҲ̫ʯںϡ
ǰ֪̫ʯô̫ɽһȣ̫ɽһҲȲˣ
̫ʯںΨһһ飬ɲ⣬ϧںûд̫仯ںԽѡ

⣬ɽ磡
벻⴦ƽ٣֮죡
һһֻ⨺յĳɽ磡
⨺ˡ
⨺̤볤ɽ磬ϵ뱻ħɷʴɽһȻɽ绹ڣδ𣬵Ǵشǽħգħʿɱ
һ⨺뿪ɽ硣
ȴһӣʹΧǿգһЩǿߣʮˡ
ͷӣΪģ˵Ǹò壬Ը̫һħ磿˾ۼһԴʥٶȿգ
⨺Ϊ
廹ɵ֣Ըħ磬һɽ类ħɨ̫һǴħǿߣɱɽ磬ȻԪһ֣ǻȥ޲һɽľϵֻҪϵڣɽڵͨˣܱ
⨺˵꣬ĺܡ

һ޴ʯȻƯţΧħǿߡħ֡
ʦǰ̫ɽ磬һ·ɱɽһδǻܣɱ̫ɽ磬һ̫֮Ϊ𣡡
ʯ룬ûκ󷨱£̫һһͷħϷߣ¡


3034 ۵
Ȼ̫ɽǹɽ磬ǾӦɽһӵдԴɱУԴɱ컯ɽ磬ɱ̫ۣǺǣСǿ߰ˣһ̫һһ޶ԡ
ˣһ鱾ԭˣ
Ȼһħߣ̫һǰ£ץһʮɴСıԭˡ
ԭ˳ڻڰ⣬ͷ貹ԡ
ȹ
̫һ漫Ϊ⣬֮Χϰħǿߡ
ˣ
һ£
ԺúΪЧѰұԭˣڴϱԭ̺Ļǿʥ֮·ôˣ̫һ澹Ȼһбԭˡ
ԭ˾ͿʼһЩʯ
޵УԶҳˣ
˿ͷߺ̫һǿʵ
̫һܿ콫һֱԭˣΪҺһٶڣȻʵֱɱ䡣
ȥѰұԭˣӡԽԽãһ£Ⱥħҷɣһȥ
ʦ㽫ԭԴǲǲֵãһ˵
кβֵɽô࣬ޣҪȥѰұԭˣЩϣһССݣΪЧ˲̫ܶãι̫һôˣ
ǣ
楣̫ɽ磬ɱʲôˡΪʦûȤס̫ɽıԭˣӦƷʽϸߣһɽǿһҪȥһҵԭˣ
̫һΡȻȵ
̫ɽ硣
ಣ
һӰӿٷͷŲ
ɲ¡֮УԦ߾Ȼǻ۱
ʱĻ۱Լʮ꣬˲٣һ泤֮£ϢȻǴʥ
̫ɽ⣬һЩǿʩչѲš
Ǻˣ
۱մԶŷͱѲŷ֣˴߶Դ
٣Ƕϵˣ
۱һ֣ܵǿɱȻͷһϵҲΪɫͷҲָɫһ˫۾žķա

ѲǿǼɱ䡯Ļ۱׷
۱˴죬̫ɽ羧ϵ
ϵ۱ͿһգƯ̫ɽ֮ϣΧۼɵۡʥʥǿߣɽ˺Ϊ׳ۡ
Щ˶ƫԶɽ磬Щɽ类ħ繥ƣϵħɷɣЩ˲룬Ҳ̫ɽһԸħ磡һΪ۱͵
״أ
ǿߣ۱δɫɣء
ǰ֮УǿֶԸħ磡Ż۱
һ̣ƯŴƶЩǶƶлһͷŴʥ
빬Ȼ۱һҶΪɽ𣿡
̫ۣ
ԭӻؼңӦοһࡣ
۱͵һҪװæģҲɱһЩħǿߣ
̫ɵů⣬ȳ⣺Ϊʥʵһ޲Ӧ֪ܶɽ磬һ·ħӶᡢɨɽ֮䲻٣ħ;̫ɽ磬Ȼһƽ٣ٻȥǿɱ٣
ڿɲʥħϹŶҲԿ⡢նɱ
㲻ʥĪʥ𾳲ɣʥ𾳣Ҳɱħǿߡ
㲻ڴܳΪǿ𣿡
ȻͲΪǿߣΪջۣ㻹Ҫ꣬ܳΪǿߣ
ΪһǸף̫ʵڲԼӣƤи̡
߰ɣЩˣ㹻ˣ
߳һЩߣҲȰ˵۱
۱ͻȻίɨˣ͵Ķ̫ɵۺȵǴʥˣ
ʥ
󣬾þû˷ӦȻǲŻ۱ڼǧڣɵ̤ʥʥ漣ʥ
̫ɵĻ۱ظΪ֪Ϊɽȥɣ棬һܻⳡƽ٣
飡飡飡
˵꣬Ĭ֮еĻ۱ͻȻӡϱϢΪʥɽ緢һʱΧˣӦ׷׺ˡ
ʥ̫Ŀ࣬Ϥ֡İĴʥ۱
ʥĪǿԮ
ΧͷΪۡ
ⲻǡ۱𣿡뼸ͷ̫Աߣ۱⡣
λ岮ã۱
̫ۻδ̲סʣҶʱʱڼǧڣʹɵ۷ҡֱͻʥΪ
ǰǿҲɻѽ⡣
۵ǿҲܺ档
еĻ۱ֱһ
۱ЦǺǣΪ⣺λܴɵͻƻʥʥʥ𾳡ʥʵ繦ͣ
˵棿
һ͵һЩܰɣҵȶ֪ǱޣʵҲǲ̤ʥʥ۷壬ôܰʥֶʥΪҲڼǧ꣬һʥ̤ʥ


3035 ˻֧Ԯ̫ɽ
𺳵ȷˣ˵ǧ꣬ǿǧ꣬ϲԴпΪʥϴ裬̤ʥ
Ҷˣ˵ˣҲҪȥĿǰñܣѾڣǧˣ󲿷ͨϴ裬̤˴ʥ
ʲô
ǧˣ̤ʥ
ܣκҲǧ̤ʥ
һͷǿ꣬Ǿզ
ϾܳΪʥһģṲ̆ʥ
֪ǲţʵˣ۱ɣֻʼ硣
ģʵ
ɽ磬ǧ꣬һֱ뾡ְ취Ϊڵʵǧǰ֣ѹٶʥͷЩ˿ɶǿߣӡƿ£Щǿ߿ʼ粼õϴΪǧϴ裬Ƴ̺ʥѪǲһ̤ʥ
ôߴйأ
ֲǰӣҴǷ˵ǹɳǿȥŻءѪ̫أ˵йأϧܣΪʲôû֪
ýߴһЩ£λ
۱λƺΪ˰̫ɽ硣
ȥ˵̫ʶ鲻򵥣۵ʮ֣֮С

û뵽彫˶ƭˣ
δϵߴصܣԭʥ֮µĹӡӴ򣡡
̫˽ˣôˣֻԼھ
ɱĺãֱɵˣӣ
һͷ۱ߴش󲿷ܺг޲ŭ
λߴص£Ժȥˣ廹ɳǿ֧Ԯɽ磬ֻܿԼԸ̫һħ磬ħ缴ɱͷλ׼̫վ
󣬷׷뿪
ֿĶԻ۱ȰҶΪӦصɽ磬Ȼնɱ峤ϣʵѾΪ࣬Ӧûõɱ䣡
Ǵʥҡ
۱ҡ˵꣬ͫ͵磬ƺԼټɽ硣
̫üͷҲ˳Ż۱֮⡣
̫۵һ벻ħ˵
۱ɫأôħǿߣħɢɱ˷ɽ磬ɱ̫ɽ磬״ˣħ̫ǿ󣡡
ΪҲ׼ټ˷ǿߣ͵ħһսû뵽Ҷ̤ʥȻӦԽΪ
ٺ٣ԭˣ񱾾ԭʲôԭʯ֮ڳԪ˵˻Ԫӵʥǰ㲻
ȷǼʶԪΪô꣬δں϶ٱԭˣҶȻԽΪ
ϴ裬ԪҲнⷬɾͣ
̫ˣΪȥȡԭˣǱΪôѾӦÿںϣ
̫ɽԴ
٣ɽ粻Ҫԭʲôã
Ȼ̤һ޴󷨣ʧ֮С
⣬ڰڡ
һȻϯɢִʿͷ˻죬ԼۣнʮϹŶ󷽻ǿߣеħħɷΪ¡
˻ʿԶϡ̫ɽ磬ɵö˱ȭλ̫ۡ۶Ըħ磬һѪս⣬λˣ
˻ʣ¹ɽҵҲ岻ݴǣ
ϹŶ壬Ȼ˻̫ɽȥ
䣡
˿쵽̫ɽ磬ǷȻ⣬̻һıըâ̫ɽΧǡ
ħ翪ʼʽ̫ɽ磡һĻܿʼγɣٶ΢΢ܵӰ졣
˻΢˫ۣһӡ
̫ɽ֮ǧǿڵħǴһ͵Ϯһħǿߣȡħһ𣡡˻Ȼ̫۹ͨ
ĬĬٷħɷɢ񷡣
ʦ𣬺ˣˣ
̫ɽǰƯʯϣ䲻࣬һƲϮ
̫һ濴ǷϢ֮䲻ЦǿߣǸ˻죬壡
ȡƣ߶
ħͷǰ󷽴Ҳʼɳ١
壬Īɱ̫ѷɽ磡ֳƵ楣ΡȻԾͷ

ħͷƣǿ߸ɱƬơ
ɽǿߣĺ£ƾǣûʸ뱾֣楣ȥһ̫ɽ磬Ѱұԭˣǰ̫ɽ磬̫һԽΰ
ȥ
ӳʯڴħǿ߹̫ɽ羧ϵͬʱһ˷һա
ħɱɽ磡
̫ɽ羧ϵڣڲٴʥͷ£ǿֳַʩչϻ֮߶ϵɱħǿɱ


3036 
ħ繥ҲǰԵĺܣħââ⣬һɱоϵټ̫ɽһ̾Ҫħûʧǳ֮¡
̫ɽʷƾãɽ࣬ɽ籾ԴбԭˣܶƳһ羫
ʯ֮У
̫һ罣ֱ񷣬ÿһƤ˿̺˷
аԵЦЦһץȻһƬأâԼΪһϵĻ顣
Ҷңû뵽ҲʱգûеһʱԸң˵ǶҲ÷ʱնͶ֣
ͬǷȻҲԷὫ̫ʯҶȽƻĺܡ
ǶӦû棬ĳطȻҪ뾡취ɱңֵȷѲҪɱңһֶαȻУӦûƷ׼һҡ
޷̫һ澭ȴ⣬Ƴµ̫һ澭ҶȡңҪ棬ܵģ
̫һ濴â֮е飬ִŲмƺâӵлص
Լܼ羫̫һƺܡƵģΧ⾫һ˿˿С
֮ң
ʿ˫ͫʩչ确ͫͫӺڰԶԶ̫ɽ硣
ǿߣΪԨ
һͫȡ
ԱһӣȻһۣȴƤͷųƣ͸Ľƣ߲ӵе
ӣȥһʿֳȵ֣ħڹ̫ɽ磬Ǹ̫һȷΪĵ⣬ͫ޷͸ȥ
Ԩӣˣ֪ųأʵ̤Ǹ߶ȣԽʥʱ˵ģĪҪȥ̫һ棬ΪҲܳԽʥδֶβǰ򵥣
ôҲţã峤ţҲ̫һЩɱȥ컯ɽ硢Ǭɽ磬Һնɱһδǿߣ¾ʥҲδɣЦϡ
ˣ
Ԩ߶ƣӡ
ʮϢ󣬴֮д̫ɽΣ
Ԩشˣ̫һħ羫ǿߣո̫ɽ緢𹥻˻Ҳ֧Ԯ̫ɽ磡
ǼţмĪ̫һ֣
ˡ

ʥ֮УƣϷ·һͷ
ͷϢ̫ޣٶǶɽ֮ʵ
ھͷһɹɱƣͨʥڴˣѾιȥ
Ĭһ쿴·ˣλ̫һѪ󣬴ҽ˰ɣһ·ӱԵ⣬ɱ룬ɽ磬Ӷʮɽ磬Žɽ֮бԴɸɾбԭˣҲѰӡٶȣһɱȥǧɽ硢ѩɽ硢ȻǬɽ硢컯ɽ磡
˵ȷӵдֶεɱһɽ磬һɽ֮ԼϹŶһ紦״̬ߣ̾
һ΢ľͷӦҲҪ׼̫һһսȻɵ˿ãԱʧ
ɶˣȻɱ۴󣬽ʥؾȡߣ
ֻȡһ־ڽĴʥĹǨƣʧȥǻߴأصĸڡ
ǲ׼߾
߾
һھͷţͻȻһű˴ˡ
ߴʥĹȷã̫һֶǶʶˣλǵʵǿĴڣ˭аգԸ֮նɱ̫һ棿
̫һնɱԪϹŶȻﵽʥ߶ȣҵ֮У˭Ҳ̫һ֣һλߵͷ
ȻҶʶ㣬ҲӦԴ֮Χ߾ۡâΪƣʱ̫һ滹ɱƴ̤򡣡
峤˵ļǣȻҲ̫ǿˣ̫һǺǿ󣬿ͷҲ٣ʥ˵ҲԼǿ̣
ڴ̫һܡɨɽ磬ʱɵ˱߽⣬֪Ҫԣʱٳ֣½
ͷţƱ֮ΪԵ

ħ磡
ٵԨǿߡħͷյһʥأ̫ɽ
ڰʥĸɸ߸ƯϷƿټ磬ԼΧǿߣȻոħ̥
ܲãܱٺˮΧǻܲŲ
ڰʥĸ˵꣬һű˰ն𣬻ΪллΧϲϢںϡ
ЩԺڰʥĸ֮ңԶ
͸԰Եճ֮صʱϢƺǺڰʥĸҪĳִͨԸ̫ɽڵˡ
ܸоЩͷħôħ֡ǿߣȴǧ꣬δ
̫ɽڵعһ֮Уţһ˫аͫڿΧһħɽħͷ


3037 ˮ̫ţϣ
ɱһħ֣ʵҲʲ࣡
ʿһ󣬲Ҵ⣬תͷͫ𽥿͸һ󷨣ڲʱʱȴ̫ɽıʯһֵѪɫâ״̬͸һЩ
桢ҶңǱֲڼ䣬ֽһںϣղٱԭʯٴһ֮ͨС

ǵüӿٶȰܸоڰʥĸһֱȥżĺܣǻ̿֡
ӡǧ꣬ʱбնɱΣգ˭ҲһƵ
ΧһУҶȡңԣͬһ㡣
ϴ߶̫ɽںţ΢΢ͷںһ潫ռĸգ뱾ԭںϣҲڿʼһƷ
ʱʱһںϱԭ˵ͳɹʿϴһ㣬ΪԽɽľƱӡҲһЩϾں̫ʯĳ
߻Դͷ
ʦѾں̫ʯдҪںϣƻǧꡭҶȻ˵
֮е棬ˣ糣ҲãҲ֪̫һ棬κλǿҲ޲ߣֻڴں̫ɽںԽãǾƳһһ
̫һ洫ռӡҿҲҪƷӦҪںһӡֱƷʣ̫ɽƳΪǶ֣ңȻЦ
ʱ潫Ӧ͸·Ѫ֮С
ѪػΪѪɫڲѪɫ͸̫ɽ濴̫ɽ·һϱ飬˵Ȫ͸У̫ɽǿڻ
̫ɽȷٲٵ̫ǿ־ԼȻ٣ںÿԼӿ̫ɽںϣ
Ӧ֮󣬼Ҷȡңں״̬¡
֪ʱתغķ·֮Уʶֹǧ꣬·Ѿ֪ڰʥĸҪʲôֶΣԸǡ
ϢԾ
ƺǳӿ̫ɽڲ޴ڣ
ⲻ̫ɽ仯ģ˵ǺڰʥĸνѾȥǧ꣬ڿ춯ˣ
ʻ̻̲ȴУں̫ɽˣҲһ˫ۡ
һѪطΧһڴ
ǡǳˡþͷȻڳΪһСƵġ
ô£
һ硣
ӡڽǰ͸֮˲һ裬ΪΧķ棬Ȼ½أ޾ĺˮ
ˮһݡû棬ٶȲ죬ȥٹ꣬ƾûڣӶһû̫ɽ
ңһ࣬һ飺ĺڰʥĸܸǰ룬ΧˮȻ̫ɽ
ҶҲǼΪˮͿûأ֪޷ڣɱ̫ɽԺܽƻ֪ˮһݡû̫ɽ֮ͻû磬ɽڲռ䣬ʱǽУʥʵҲһʱû֮ɣڴˣ
ҶȵĿǰֻʱ䣬ǧ꣬Ǳ뽫̫ɽںϣֻҪںϣ
ǿʼɣ
ֻص룬Ž硣
뱾ԭ˲ͨ״̬ǳ͸һѪѾΪһѪɫ޴ʯ
ʵҲ̤ʥ𾳣ߵĵزҲǾʥˣѾûжپ룡
ټѪɫʯͬһ֣Ŭǧ꣬ںϴջ
̾ںϣʵ٣ں̫ɽֱ̧ߣȻҸط̫ɽΪ
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ҶͻȻ˫ۣĿ棺ʦٶȻ̫ˮѾڣǹƻҪں̫ɽǧδںϣʩչֶΣ
˼ҲԤеĪΣ


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֮ʣ׹ԨɵģˮǻǿûһУ̫ɽһܺõӣɽûȫûʱһɽˮҲΪ档


3039 ȡ̫
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Ҷ͸Ϸħ޹ѹ̫ɽ֮ϣɱ
ңмССС֣ҵı𣬴һܽ˺飬ҷ


3040 ǿϣ
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ͬԴ磬ǻںڰ֮г󣬶ֻʿһ㣬ʿȲһ
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ڰʥĸʼ޷ݵӴӿڰ뿪ʼ̫ŵĸ룬ʯĦ𵴡


3041 ǿ£
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3042 ĴѪ
Ϸͷϼ̫ɽһգ޾ĺڰԨ

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ĴѪǰѪں϶ɣҲӡǣںϷ̫Ƕɡ
洦ڲʵ̫ɽںϵĹ֮У·ӭһɱ䣬ΪĴ
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ҶȡңԷѪ֮𣺡ʥ澳ﵽһ¾磬ʵʥ𾳣ǳԽʥˣ̤һ¾磬־ɱ䣬ѣ


3043 ̫һ澭ϣ
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̫ۺΧǿߣһ񣺡лλѶɽˣҲδɳ֧Ԯ򣬱м
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3044 ̫һ澭£
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͸ǣ̫ɽ磬бԴɾ±ԭ̫ɽʱγɺܳıԴҲһ鱾ԭˣÿ̫һ澭Ʒʣ
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ûǿ߸棬Цʵ˼ħһ㣬˭
ǽҲԶԶġ
ˣ
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Դڰʱ֮󣬾Ȼټ̫ɽ˷֮УϵƯ£̫һ澭С
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𽥣ضΪڣˡ
Ϊ̫ɽԴǴ񷣬ǴӴӿΪ̫һ澭ӪһЩԴʯҲ޷ŵķʽҲ̫һ澭롣


3045 ʥ
ԴʯΪ̵ģ̫һ澭ǰͨʯһˣȻΪ˿˿̫һ澭롣
ǿһЩɣԽԽá
̫һ渺ֶδӡֻ赭дվ̫һ澭رԴԼֱʯ
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۱ŭһȣƸ״ŷתƻ⡣

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ϴ֮ÿڣûһǵѪ飬·ҪѪ


3046 ʥ̫ɽ
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һЩĴСϹݡҹ¡ĪаͨԡͼԪ޼аôҽ֮ڤޡ


3047 ǧɽ磨ϣ
ص̫ɽ룬Ҷң֮档
˳ĬһҶȵǲǡ÷ʱ䣬ζԸ̫һ棡
΢ʥ̫ɽѳɣǵƣǧ˻ҪһʱմʥҸоԸ̫һ棬Щ׽⣡
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ɽ֮ҲĿǰȨ޵ȻΪ꣬в꣬ӵдʥʵҵŶͳͳϳӦǾŻһ˻˰


3048 ǧɽ磨£
˻һһȻͷǺޱ顣
ϴ󣬿ЩСܶ˲ӭǡһĪаǿƣвмĺܡ
氵лӦΪյɵ˵Եʰɣ󲿷һӣɱ컯ţѾˣ
һȺ֪֮ˣ֪Ŀǰ֮ͨܣĿ磬޲նɱЩɫĮȻǿǡ
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ǶǽĴڣʮˣϢȽϤĴڣ綷Ž
漸ɽ硢´ɽ磬İеŽ淢Ӧź쳾ڣҲͷڵɽ糬ɡ
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˻Ԫͳ͸ǧɽ磬˷ǿߣ˵һ֣Ըħ磡
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Ҫģʵ޷˵ˣ뿪ǣĪȥǿԺȥǿߣ
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۱һĵļˣɽ磬뾡Լһܸж
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ϧûнⷬɾͣѾЩŴкһĴڣ룬Ǹ߸ϵϹŶ·Щţֻ̧ͷ
컯ŹȻϵΪǳ׳Խ·š
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ɽ֮ҲּԪǿߣ
Ԫǿ治٣ЩܼǣԸħ粻СһĪаԲһԪǿߡ
ԪҲΪ֮꣬ȻǧʥǿߣڳӵмԪ֮ľͷ̫ŵѾǽʮԪʮԪܻټԪǿߡ
ǧԹ㳡Ϊģһʵ֣ʥͷǿʼ
ΪҲģ˻ۡѩһˣһ󲿷λһԪǿߡϹŶ
Ϸǧ̫´ŽȽͷ
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ͼһ࣬ɽ¶ˮЩ˶ͼ֮ǸˣÿһɽԺ֣Ȼ໥һѣοǿ壡
ǲλϣ̫ˣ
һ޿֣Լɽ类ħܣռ죬Ҳں

˰š


3049 Է
ȿȣ
ŽͻȻˣһϹŶҲŽĿ⿴
ǧΡȻ棬Ŀģֶ̫ҵȴڳܶͷǣȴǺ˽⣡
̺ȴڳͷǽһ࣬ɽĽӰͬһ㡣
ɴ˿ɼ֮ʵҲͬ
ৣ
ǿ񣬷׷׷棬ԼΧʮϣҲһ־ͷȻӶ
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浭һЦӦ棬ӦøλͷһҴӷǧ꣬ɽ磡
ร
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Щ٣ӦöŹġ¼ǿڿഫû˾˽
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һ裬·˵һҺγ
ɽ磬ɣµһɽ磬ͥأʱҼǵá̤ɽһ̣ǵɾ磬δƴ٣ɾ壬ֻǷ˵已̥ˣ֮Է˾̤ɽ磬Ȼɽ̤ɣ
찡
˰ɣȻɽ磬Ƕɽ֮󣬶Է֮ɽ磡
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⣬վסˡ
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̤ɽ磬ǷˣһϹŶ̲ס档
ףŭϲԣʱǷ˾磬۷徳磬δ̤룬ǽأɽ߽ŶɽٳΪɣ
ǵ˽⣬ϹκηߣǱȶɽ٣ڷɣܷɽ硭ŵĵ
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˻Աߵķѩʵʵں󷽣캧ˣƺڶ˵һھ췭ظⲻǹսֳͷ
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˵ǺĴԡͨСϹݡҹµˣҲܸӦıƽ
ҼͥһΪɹСɣȷСɣǧɽȲϣǾɹҲһɳӦɽ磬֮ɽΪλţҾͲ˷Ѵʱˡ
η壬翴һȺͨˣ֮ǧɽ磬ίмλǰټλϹŶʵĿĺܼ򵥣λһֹħ̲Ϳ̿ҲҪֹ̫һ棬˵ǿ󣬹ƾپͷӦ̹
̫һ桭
ʱپͷզ
棬ҵ˻һδ˵̫һͲԣ
ź쳾ڵҲýĴڣȻħҪģ̫һҲᱻնɱδΣ˵˵ΣǺ
ʱ䲻ǻҪΧɱ̫һ棡һŮģһɫ£н棬˫ü罣һ˵ɫ⡣

֮УΪŮ֮һѩɽĽŮʿ
ϴŽ̬ȣȻ֧㣡һ
Ҫ˵Щˣȷѡ
滹Ҫȡ£ΪģΪ̫һ̫ǿˡ
λ̫һ棬Խ˽⣬ʵǿţ⣬Ѿмɽ糹׻𣬱Ԫɽ磬ʮɽ̫һӶᣬϵħԴԴɱһɽ֮
ԶĮмĿ⣬˵λԼԣ׶Ըħ磬Ը̫һ棬ΪȴҪ˾ǧɽ磿ĪҿɽƣλȻ֪ħ粻öԸΪǲ֣Ҫ̫һ棬ǿ󵽿һȭǻᣬ¹򡢳źô
һԪߣҶˣ͵Ц̫̫һ棬Ȼȷܻܱɱ뱾ɽ磬ӶԴΪɽʵǿҲǹ¾Ϊսͬ㿴ǿߣ̫һԾĹ
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һϹŶֽкãӵĿΧǿɲܳ־Լ磬̫һʵǿ󣬵֣ʵ֮ǿɱ⣬β컯šǬŵм棬ӦֶԸ̫һ棡


3050 ɱ֣ϣ
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ŽʱͷһЩҾҪ֣Σ
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һλϹŶ֣֪һδΰ棬ܿϣֵܿƣɱ˸Žᣬ˸ģϣֵĪִԲԴΪأ
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֣֮еǿ֮һϣΪ룬ҵʶ꣬Ϊ˸Ѫ죬ϣҪΪֹ̫ͽ棬ɱһˣŽȻһ˲䣬̫ۡ
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λ½첻֣Ի޳ҲգﶼͬˣƾǼˣ޷Ťת棬ˣɱһŮӣȴӡ
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۱һŭӣų⣬ҲΡȻ壺̫ͬ⣬ǣͷģΣҲȫ뿪˵ľ⣬ɱҲգ٣ǧɽ綯֣
̫Ҳ̾Ϣǰλÿ˶ԭǧɽ涯֣ʹǵĵߣҶѣ벻Ҫ˺Ƥ˫ѿ
ǧվλǿ̸

˭֪ھͷ֮໥ţ澹ȻֶվڷЦ
ˣһʼͲľͷǣ˭ǻŭ档
˳֮£ǧʥͷ໹ǶϹŶͷ񻰰Ĵڣ澹ҵ˭˲ŭ
Χ󲿷ǿƱʱܶ֡
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治ûп־壬һ˿ҲûУǼȻǧɽɱ֣ҪɱңαˣֶΣĥƤӹ򣿡
һȻɱ֣˵ĲҪɱ㣬Ϊ㴥ˣɱǿߣ
̫λǰлǣǾһԿţҪɱ֣ܲɱңʱ浱ڶλ۱ȭҲʾΡ


3051 ɱ֣£
ΪЩ֮䣬ˡ
λСӿɣ
һͷ߳Ҳ̫ۡΪ棬ϾǴۣ𳬼ۡ
ȡ̫ۼϤЦʱûѡվȥ˵һ仰
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濴ǰǧͷԾۼǰ⽮ͨգɿ˷ȻɱãΪβЩڰ֮
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֮ҶȡԪͼ޼аˣ΢΢հˡ
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ͷҲˣ̫ۡۡ˻졢۵һٶ⣬ֳǧǿߣ˭һҪҵײ
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ԵĿ⣬ɨɨǿҪˣ֣߶󣬼ⷽӦÿԶԸħ̫һ棬˫໥ɱħ̫һ˺ôǴǵʱҿԷ˽ɺޣǺأ
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ǬЦһνģ֣ǣնɱ棬ɵȻһʱ䣬϶Ըħ̫һ棬һߣţ
ˣʲôˣǺ˻ҡҡͷ
淴߳ȻɱãҲˣɵˣһ֣һȻˣȻʹ죬ɱʹ뿪ǧɽ磬˽֮ɱߣҾ֮֮
컯泤ϣָЦЦҲ̸壡
ϤһĻ·֡
棿
ɱ棬·ǻᣬҪҸϾɱȻ컯ųϣҪȵһ֣һ㵱꣬ƿصǸˣ
Цû뵽㻹ǵִֻз֮ԨˣƾҲսˣʲôèս
Ŀѹ£浱꣺컯ųϣĪ㵨ҲûУèǴʥҲǴʥսȵʵֲ˭þã޵֮·Ϊʦǰ㶼ףԳǰҿ㲻Ϊϣ
ԱһǬߣʮߣ̫ˣϣβˣ֪֮ɱЧȣ
ǿҲ֮ͣϣȥһսѵ档
ã
ԸΥǱ漤ŭҲԥڰһ߳
ǿ߱ȭ͡


3052 ս

ĪаĨĨһЦ翴ŷˣϴ󣬾λʥ컯ͨϣ֣ȥˣɱһٱ飡
ˣҪȥԹ

ȴҡͷұնɱǬЩͷμ·棬桢Щǵң滹ˣնɱ֮Ԩ޵֮·ݲɳӣն̤ɽӣԼɱ
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ٽһƺЩ޵ݣȻڶ
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淴ӦҲǼģһӳ
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ϴʱò߳һ湫Ȼնɱϣϱ棬֮ƣǾͷͷ衣
Ȼһ̤ȷ벻һҲܷ컯ųϣ챾Գ֣ն㣡
֣նڶͷ翴һϷ۸ߺΪ
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ˣ
ʱͨٳ֣һ˫ڰͫ⣬ײжʤһλʥʲôЬ䣡


3053 ɱ
ˣֻɫҲ֮Ϊˣ߰ɣ򣡡ʤ᲻¡
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˺ͣһ˲䣬ԴͨɱͨȻֻ̧֣Ȼʳָȭâһ㡣
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ʤƴʥȻɢޣûպգ
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ȻһһͨˣƺܳԾƾ㣿죬ʵУǺǿģŽٱʥ󲻷
ɱ㹻ҽɱֵȷѳɣֻ·һɳԶȻһЦ
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ջע⵽󷽣ɼͻȻ֣Ѿ֣ʶ֣ȴԼ޷
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ҵͣģ죬һɱ㣬ԺҲ컯ţŲţ
棬ͣΣ㲻֪컯ŵǿ󣡡
컯ţͿ򣿡
㡭
ŵõսľϽƶӣԮ

컯ʮǿߣŻɱ
ҼҪɱˣͱɱˣһȺϣ
һŮɴͻȻڰգպôнסһˡ
СɱÿˣǸ赲һǾһɱһˣ濴Ů
ɱˣϲˣģҿɲǰСʩչȻ֮ɫ֮ڲͬȹǡ
ǻ氡ƴʥ
ȻƷˣ
涼δʩչκͨѹ죿ˣǹǳԽһеġ񣿡
⣬Ѿ˵ɽХ
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3054 ̤ɱ
û뵽˲ɱΪӽʥ۷Ļ죬ʵҲǴʥ۷˰ɣ
ȻŹȥʱ䣬Ϊͼҵĸ߶ȣ
ųһ˵̫ۣۡȫ벻ͣնɱ졣
ֲã̤ǧɽǻᣬ˴ݡΪûнЩ˵в
𣡡
ǬŽȾͷһͷ
ⷽʮټ󷨣ٴαã󷨲㽵٣ǧǿһϿգȻɢΪһˡ
˻졢ۡһٶˣҲ
˻ʣȥһɲ˻ΪС
ʵǶ壬û뵽ѲһԸ˻ʵˣǽõɱ֣޷նɱǡ
˻һߣɱֻʮˣǾˡ
ΪҪߣ˾ʴϷܴ𣿡۵ۣƵ
һٶ˻ȥ̫ۡǷɲɱ֮
Сӣֲס˵˻ȻһʼͶģɻǶЩġ
һů֪ھ޶֣˻һΣǰԸˣͿűǣԺһȥ壬ǾȻɱ㣬һˣ
棡
Ͽմ֮Уǧͷƿز
ǬΪΧӣӸµͷŴηɵˣɱ㣬ɷ
Բѣں֮ڣ֮ܰˣɱң̫֪ɱɱҿΧ׷ӡĽռ䣬Ȼں

һˣ˴ŭֹ
ССʿðн
һ߶ӡǣɲǣΧǿ߶ڴ߶
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Ҷͼ޼аĪаСϹݡҹ¡ԪͨԵˣͳͳҡ
һе
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ɱѾﵽʥ۷壬ʥ澳ɱκδʥɱҲ˻ʵˣȥԸ̫һ棡
Ҷȴʱı飬Ȼǰƽûں̫ɽǻᣬƻһۣɱǣѲɱ󣡡

ԼǬߵˣӡٶԽԽˣһ֮УȻ˸ס
߳壡
ټڣȻÿ䡣
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ԣǽͼ˾Ȼߵһ𣡡
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ͼ߶â֮ΪһֲĽٶȣɱ׵ٶȣһЩ
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⣬˵һںǿ۽硣
ЩνͷߣʵҲôʵǴʥ۷壬ͼ֣Ҫɱңϲװ
һͼȥҲǼΪףɺϾһ˿ڶͷһ
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аˣֵܣͼûоܾ˺һ
꣡
һ׹⻯Ϊɱ£·Ҫ̫ţ
޼ݺᣡ
޼а𵱿մ߶һâȻΪһƬУס׹֮


3055 ʮһɱˣϣ
׹ƬâУȻһζβϽ顣
޼ͼͼϷЩͷŭ
õͼδϵǿᣬ¶Ϊ̰ЦݣϾͼǿһõʵѹ
ɱ󣡡
ɱͻȻһ
ϴ󣡡
ʱСţ桢ɿˣʥϹҲںڴš
׽ɽӣ
͵ģϷͷǣнӡٶȿ˸࣬׹ۼһ׵ںϣΪһ嫾޽
·ɴ׵磬ͨ񽣣ô׵֮γﾪ˵Ľ档
ݣ
̫ž޽ɱʮˡ
ͻͻͻ
Ĵͷ壬ÿһâ
Ĵ˽£һֱòԴǿʵҲǴʥ۷塣
Ĵ۷Ĵ츳ͨĴںϣΪâ׹޽ɱһ
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˫ڲɱƺ˭Ҳδռ۷壡
ɱ
ͨԡĪаˣһ֣߶ɱϻ֮ҪĴ￹ǧǿߡ
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ʮǿĴ﹥ںϣ׹޽Ȼϻ飬Ȼâ𣬻Ϸ
һ𵴣ڲΧپͷ𿪣ǴȻɱһӣΧҲѷ졣
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䣡
һѶʥǿߣһɱַΪһűں϶ɵĺ嫹ƣɱʮˡ
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ɱͼ޼аɱһɶʥͷϻ֮һ飬ɱһƬ

桢Ҷȿһ֮ȥϿա
棬ɱ
䲻һʥ룬Χ֮УΧǿɱһѷɱ
飬һ㣡
Ҷܺ͵ĽĿһɱָһָʸһɱ
ֻһָҲû˻ῴ
ָɱһ񽣣ȻֱɣȻû飬ѾȻ޴档

һǿߴһ߶һֻĺɫҡ֮󣬴һ׹⽣ն档
漸ҲһָٶԽ׹⽣ûȿʥǿ߾Уָ۵һ͸ǰ󱳣գ۾ͽһʥ˲ɱ
²ǶʥͷҲһָնɱ
ݣ
Ǽǿɱ䡢Ľ棬˵ɱˣһɽӶ
ΪɱĹƣǰϷ
䳰һżָһ
ۣ
ûͨɱǰһǿָ˲Ϣ͸һǿš
ˣ䣡
һɱǿǣΪһٱ䵽ٱʥϧ٣һ棬Ҷָ΢һֶ֮ƣ˲ɱˡ
һ󹦷򣬱ʮ˲ǰ
һɱһˣʮɱˡ
ˡһЩͷδ֣Ǿд󲿷ǿ֣߳ɱ֣ˡ
ţҲɱǣȽɽ羫ӢɻȥԸħ̫һ棬ɱҵУǱУ
ֻڸֹ֮£ͻȻڴ֮б


3056 ʮһɱˣ£
ɱ
ЩԪǿߣûȥǬߡЩ
Ŵε컯ţնɱٵӣǬţ滹ѹǬߵĶӡ
ôͷǧɽ磬Ȼװ֡
ԪǿЩͷҲΧɱͨϸʥɱ
ͨǰҺ¡¡ɱĿҶʿ
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껪һУϵĲԩʵֱһ
ѾնɱʥͷЩ˲ǻʥҲʥ
⣬һЩμ·ǣֶ塣
ʦ𣬵ģ󲿷˳֣Ҳһ㣡
ΧͨһƶһɱҶ
ɱ֮ϧȻ⹥˵ʵڲУֻɱɱɱɱƺҲͷǵ˽ȼŭ
ûŭģʧȥ侲һ㣬ΧǴʥͷԶԸħ磬Ը̫һ棬Լһǲֵá
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ҶҲĬˣɱ⵭һЩΧǶȥ
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Ҳڱһ߶֮Χףɱ֮У٣ֻǸտʼɱ𵴣ɱ桢ҶǰʧӰ١
󷽸ɱɱشϴͨ
һЩͷִ߶ƽɱ
ûа취ҶǿͦɱҲ޷ȥһɱһˡ
ǿ߳ɱһƬһƬ˲ǰ
֮һ̣޼аĪаԪҲں󷽽Ը˷ƣûбɵⷽѹƣνġɱ֡Ȼˡƾ֡
ħ
˳ױŵøγ𵴡
ʥǿɶɽһʥһԪУܳɾ˾磬֮ΪϹŶܡ
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Եֶ˷͵ɱ
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ˣǬһҲ޲ߣɱֱˣˣǧԴ֮Ҳ޷ֹ档
ѵǡʥ澳磿԰ûʥ澳
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ˣǿΪβ֣
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б׹⣬һɨһ뱨ʱ㣬ȿǰװ׳һ˫۾һζֻ֪ŴȴףΨԽնһУ
ҲȻŭ޲ָһھͷƿڴЩأꣿһԪԪ˽ҲãûЩˣҲܶԸħ̫һ棡


3057 Ŀ
˻̫ãǺ£ȴȺϣɥʧ־ˣǿջ壬û֮ҶҲߵ˼¡
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һʥ澳ⷽͶ˶Ըħĵơ

ʮԴʥͨٶȣ߿ղϷȥ
ָ޾񷣬ǵһʱգ̫ʱһռ䣬̫ų٣̫֧飬ʣ⴦ռ䱣ʥ˵棬һֱɹѹ򣬵δʸ
֮ǰ˵ʥ澳Ҳ٣һ·ϣʾҵһЩܡ
ʥ澳Ͳɵһ
ʥ澳ȷ̫ǿˣҶʵ̤ʥ澳ҪԸʥ澳Ҳס
峤ʥ澳컯ʿͷһСն졯һС컯ʦҲʥ澳ǬŵʿǬҲʥ澳
渵űԭǰ㾪˵ĺˣһ֪ˣһǹġʯˡԼʮԪľͷǷֱСħ³ǽ𡯡
Ȼʮʥ澳ͷ
޲һں
һʥ澳Ѿһɽ磬Ѱģֻжɽ̫ۡۡǧЩʥ澳ͨǶʥˡ
Ҳ亹Ѫɫܶ꣬ҲǱʥ澳ѹΪػأ֪ôʥ澳Ĵڣ˻ʡۡǣȻȥ򣬵ܻôʥ澳Щʥ澳ڱչأǲм֮µʿ
ҶΪ侲ҲЩʥ澳٣ʥ澳ֹЩ
УǿһӲҪ򣡡ĪаڨڨЦ
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ӵеܻġ
ЩǿߣӦûһЩŲȥ񷣬ҲĿ

һƬƣâͻأĻ


3058 ⨺
ԶԶƣͱ𺳣ͨŻ
ʦ𣬿𣿡ҶȺȻʵ
ٶȷ˺·Χ⡣
򡭡ҿˣ
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ģܿƺڣϧ޷ȫ͸ڲ
ҶףӦ̫ʱڣЩʥ澳컯֮ܿٳĿռ䣡
ѾӦ޵컯šǬš̫ɽȵȾϢ̫ˣȷ̺ɽྫһǿߵɣǽȥҲ̫ף
ʦͨӵдȥҲǷǳѣҪȥ
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ˣ
ȻһϢȻһӿ桢ҶӦҲֲԾ
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һ߿ٷͨ£̫ͨˣһֻ⨺ƿտٷȫ޷һͷ
⨺ˡȾͷİҲʶ⨺ˡ
Ϊ̫ʯطϢΪԾҶȣһ˿˿
⨺ˡ
浱Ҷȵ棬⨺渵
Ҷȿǰ֮꣺ԭˣ˵Ҳʲ̫ʯԵ֣򲻿ܵõһЩ¼һЩҲӰⷽ⣡
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һЩͷӭ⨺ˡ
⨺Ȼ˺ܾãе˱ĸã˻ۡ
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⨺ҶȣǡȻûⷽ籾ԴԼ㲻ǡ
˿̵ڣʽܣˣҶȣδҵĵӣʮԪ̫һһʱգľǿߣ
ԡδ
⨺ͬһ𺳡
ĪаԪͼЩ֪Ҷģʱ˿Ҳĳ档
δʱգһ㣬㹻֤Ҷȵǿ
Ҷͷԣǰ˽ԽΪȥֻΪõ̫ʯصδնɱ̫һ档
ԭˣ컯ֻأû뵽ӵַͨ
⨺˺ܿعǵõ̫ʯӵԤ֪Ĵڣȥ򡭡
ǰɽֶԸħ̫һ棬ǧɽ磬ȴɱ֣
˵һ޹Ҫ£Ҳ̤֣ɵ˹һֻܺǱ취õʥ
Ī潫ߴ֮еȡˣƺ⨺֪ٶ
˳ѪءŻء̫أĴڵʥĹԱҵȡߣ巴Ӧܿ죬ŲأҵȾΪʥ
ֲ˵вǿ䣬ϡ֪һЩĻ棬ȻҪԸħģϣܹ˴֣Ҫ򶷵ܾˡ
ǰģֻȡˣһսҲϣ赲̫һ棬ʥ񣬴ʱӦûжϵҪʥʵ
ȻˣͲ˵ˣղžǸоϢҲϹеģ
⨺Ȼȥ
Ĵܣ
Χ˴ǵһμ⨺ˣǶͶء
²˳٣˼ơ
֮ŸҶգ֮ŴŰ
ԶԶ֮ţǰͨˣ
ҶͷһƣһƬƺ嫻ΪһƬƾǽǰ޳֡
ӦòԶǿߵֶΣ
컯
ҿƽ֣ſǰ֮УҶ棬κһˣ޷ҵ硣

ҶȼͷһɹɻϢ˿ӿƽ硣
˵ȴţ岻֣߶ȣʥ֪Ӻ֡
ʦⲻٵȵȣǳ磬޷赲ȴҶȵһЦ
ˣ
ƺȻϡһһɶҰǶϡͨǶܵ澹Ȼ
ж죬򡭡
Īаͼɡ˶Ǽ쳣
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̤ǶڣҶĿ棬Ȼûƣ·ܽһжա
ˣ
Ƕûڽʧ
˿̣Ӵ֮УҶ֣󣬿ӡ֯һ
ݣ
ԼϢ˲Сһ磬ǰһɭ֣дУԶһ޾ԭ⾫ϱԴؼ޴ڡ


3059 һʥ

ಣ
޳֣Χ˷ܵȷֻԵһǣط󲿷ֵطָӡΪһǿ߾ͷһҲпĳͷ̣
˳棬Ϣһ˵
沢żϾȥʥȻŲֹʦʥ澳ͷ±
һŴ潫ԴԴϴ֮У
̫ţǲһЩ̾Ϣ̰Ҫ߸ϣ˵ϣҲ˷һˣ
ҶȴչؾǱԴԣѾûж塣
ˣ֮дŲٱԴЩҶΪҪ
һӣ˽ͷŸӦ͸ܿͷִһ
һɽһЩӵνoɽ֮һ
ܿڣÿһoģ˸ӦһĹ澹Ȼʥ
벻ǲ̤򣬸պýһʥͷԳҡͷ
ҿ˭
һʥ棬ֺ֮ͷŸӦ֮С
һ빬磬棬ƣһΪʿʯ̫Ų
ǡ컯ʦ컯źܾǰһϳԷݡ
컯ʦ̤ʥ澳꣬ڹ񣬵ȷʥʵ֮𣡡
ҶȿҲ΢ɫ䡣
ѹƸӦ͸̫ȥϢʵӦǲ٣Ҫ֣ҲԶʱиһһʥͷ
컯ʦͷϤ컯ɽ籾Դһʥ澳Ϊʮޣȴ޷ӹķۡ

ֿ컯ʦⷽ룬Χٹ֮У͸һɹ֮컯ʦڽӿȥ
޵ģȴ桢ҶУһһʿʵһǿ߻Ϊȥ컯ʦΧ
ߣ
컯ʦΪκʿʵ۹š
Сۡ졢ϵţڲǧ˽컯ŵӣӻʥʥ
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Ҷȶôǿ󣬶µֻȥΧδȥڲƽӦ룡
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Ҷ˵꣬С뿪컯ʦ
Ҷ֮»С뿪Χ׳ɽӣһԴԹ֣ʥϢ׾ܲ׽
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桢Ҷȼͬʱ˫֮ͫУһĨ⣺ʥ˾ϢȷԭϢҲ
磡
ҶΧͷţΪ⣬֮ΧΪռɳĮ
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ҶЦʦһЩˣҲΪԴ磬Ǵ羫ҲӵѹС
ͬͥŲһ㣬
ٶҲ죬ʥ߶ȣֻҪʮңһЩΪв
ʥ澳ҲǴǣǧҲֻǸӦʥ澳Ĵڡ
嫣ôǿߣһԴӦ赲̫һ棡Ƕһ˽⣬ҲüͷͬʱҲԸ̫һϣ
ȴǳҡͷ̫һʦȴʱӶԭˣʵͨӦýʦ֮ϣҲǿһ㣬ǿĶ࣬ҹţ̫һӦܴ磬ɱܲնԸ̫һ棬ý˽ǵĵƣ
磬Ӧþ￪ʼṇ̀Χͨ˵ڲǹȴ̫ʱǿߵ
ǰһϼ⸲ǹΪ֮զࡣ
壡
ǿ̫ʱʥսµǿҲǵǿĴڡ
̤أҲ룬ҶȡϿ˿á
ϼǰ֮̽ҶںϣΧһЩѲߣЩ˽ʥʥ𾳵Ĵڡ
Ĺǿߣɲǽɽʿ
ע⵽мˡ
ˡˡo಻֮ͬһ
Է磬ϢһЩɽƣֱȷǿ󣬾罭ȡ


3060 
oھ֮ԼԴˡ˴Բࡣ

ûã紩͸
գۼԴأһ󷨣һƬƬبƯ֮нһӦѾֲٹ
ʱ컯šѩɽ硢Ǭɽ硢ɽ硢ǧɽȵȱԴϢڲÿ˶ǹ壬ҲһɽǿߣоһЩϢȻΧ֮ͬ΢΢ͷš
ȻһЩǿߡ̹ȻӦһҶһעǰ޾Կռ䡣
ﴫʥϢ
˼޺գǿһЩǿҲڲͬʥ̫ˣǧ֮࣬һΪΧЩǿߡ
ʥǿҲˣʥͷʮˡ
ڲʱգܶʥǸ߽λ۷ڣٴһЩԪϢɼһЩʥǿߣһȵüˡ
Ϣʦ𣬸Ȼǿߣһ𣬺ü˵ҲС
Ҷǳ˫ͫڣһɫСߡ
ޣ
ǡʱ𺳣˫ֱ
ǧһƽ𽽹ɵʥɽ֮ϣ·ıԴ
̫ɽš
ҶҲ΢΢Ծû뵽ֲܼڣ̫ɽβ࣬ҲƣһЩҿ̫ɽӦǹ̫ʱڣ̫ɽһ壡
һ̫ɽҲΪϹǿ߶죬ɽѳΪԴҪɽڲҶܿһ˿˷ܡ
ɽΧҲƯٽƣһ⹬֮УӦһЩԽʥ۷Ĵڣ
ʥ澳
ü֮࣬ʶЩʥ棬ʥʮʥ棡
һɽǰȻнӦҲһЩǿѲߣȴס
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Ϊľɽ
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̫ɽ翪ʼںϣѲ뿪ڷӡ磬˲ϢϢһĨĵߣС
˲䣬ǰǿͨñԴʯ̳ɵĴԼǰһЩ
ûǿȻ֮УɽڲһףȻǰһϵعһ񣬵һۿȥѾǳ࣬һࡣ
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ʶһ˿Ծɲǵʬ壬編һƳΪ񣡡
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ҶϸӦ˲ϢͷֵڲȻ̺һ˿˿ѪзԪڡ
ǵ񲻿̺ԼѪ
治򵥣Щʬ嶼ǴʥΪ֮УһЩʥ澳ͷʬ壡淢ָܡ
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̾Ӧö򣬴̫ʱڵڣĴֻд֮󣬲ʸˣ࣡
࣡
ʥͷ֮󣬾һԪãҲǻḯõģǰЩȻǾⱣ
ƹعߵ
һЩɽڲϤʥˣԼϢȻнӡҲ޷ڸʥ
֮ڣһĿռ䣬¡ʯϿʯ󲿷ʯʿЩʿӻʥʥ𾳶в٣ʥҲУʥҲС
룬ܴͨſһڲʥļ빬ǳ嫣ǹ֮д桢ҶȷǳϤʥ
ҶЦʥбԭ˱ԴϢˣ
νȥ˶ǿߣǲƤ£ֱ̤빬֮ɣһĻʺܲ
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ҶȽŵֻҪǽԼԼΪ⴦ںϣ
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ϷӡƤȻΪǳͷҲǣֱȫΪâ
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˾ԼΪ޷ݵ״̬ںϣһᣬǵӿ˽֮Уֻǣǽǵڡ
ʱ˿̣ˣ˵Ƭ磬ؼ޷Ϊ˲һˣӵҶԴĴڡ
Ϊ״̬Ҷȣȴûб仯ʦ֮ǰ㣬ȡ˲ֻܾ͵ֱأԼʥƶʱ޷뿪Ҳǧ꣡


3061 ʥ˵
ʥ̫ɽѳɣ̫һҲᱻǧɽʱɱԾȻߣǾʹ˵صҵ沢
ʮ̫ʯԴΪټڲʼӿڡ
潫ٰ֮С
ôĪаСͼ޼аȶʮ˹֮У㹻ǿĻᣬɽԴ̤򣬲Ϊ˴ʱ˿
ҿ֮еܡ
״̬Ӧ빬ͷš
һṦ磬ҲںϽ磬ڲȿʥߣһһ֮С
һ̺ӡǵĴڣһǹǿߣʥ澳ҿɲһʥ澳
򣬼ǿ֡
ߣһһ̫ӴˣʵҲ
ڹλߣͷ׷֪˶ٸԪϼԪۺĺܣһʵ˻ʡ۲ࡣ
ϧͷھ״̬ûͨ
ΪʵѾﵽƿҲΪ߷壬κҲ޷ʹǸǿһʥִ󲻷
Զǿ߶ԣܻһԪ
ӦԽͷͿӡâȻӡߴ֮ڵʥĹ
徹ȻصʥĹŲ˹ߴһ
С尡
ҶȸӦһֱ࣬̾ȡʥĹܵõ񱻹ӡڴˣɽںϣѾΪ
γڣ
֪Ҫ׳нƺȡʥĹؽĴĹȡߡ
ҲҾʥбԭ˾ЦһߴӡʥĹ
ԽǿĹڷͨѪ־֮бڣΪʥ̫嫡
ߴشô̺꣬ؾָ߼ҲԼԦǶ桢Ҷȶԣȴǳҩ
ӦߴطӡӡӡȻҲɽںϣγһ󡯡
ʦ𣬹治򵥣
Ҷʶ˵ǽӡڴˣٽɽںϣΪԴʱֱߴǷǹ
ߴ±ǳһʥ󲿷ţһؾͳɽߴĹںϣʮɽӴ󾫻ںһ𣬹úߴʩչ޷ݵľҲĵ̣
¡ˣߴΧɽںϣɱԴ󣬳Ϊռһãȷױȣɱ̫һҲпܵģ
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ë΢΢ȻĵƣЩ⧲Ϊһͳԭ
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ʶ룬ͿǼƷУԼɣͷ޷ݵʥ澳
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沢İվʱ־ͶӰ
ʥ˵ģ
㿴ϷҶȺһ͡
ϷȻʿȻʥ˴ĺ
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峤

ҿɲʶӦǿĴڡʼɵ˼¡
ǿߣҲһ
Ҷʶעһᣬŵʵʥ澳ܸߵزʵѾ˻ʡۣЩʥ澳ؼڼ֣ʵΪʱ̫֮еĺڰʥĸͬ޵У֣֮УƲ֣
֡
עǿߣ
ߣҲǹǿߣѪ⡢쳣ǿ󣬲ģġ
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ʦ𣡡
Ҷȴǹ̫ͨŻֻˣ㲻ǰϾʥ⴦С۷壬ΣڸûжٻԪҲûдʵǿǰҲǵһȣ뷲˵Ĳ࣬ʼڸС磡
һ㣬Ҳоˣ
ռߴأԼʥ˴Σ
Сûдǰ㲻СԶֻôһ
ҶӵдԪ
ʥĹ
Χڷʻġ


3062 ǰʲôҲǣϣ
ΧԼڲ̺޷ݵ
ŷʥˣԴ̫ʱڣʮԪжôֲ
Ҷ뿪Ĺ
ص֮У̺绯һ㣬ʼڽ֮УڲκξʥԱڣ֮ɽѾƣҲҪ
ģƺѾǿһ󷽷Ϊ򾫻

ǧɽ磡
䣡
׵硢âըâɽΧϵû꣬ϳǧɽ硣
ħܵشʦͨЩܣҲ
ħͷǿ֮У߶һѪɫ˴ΧɱЩǱ̫һ棬ûƳĿܡ
ûκУ˼߶ͨǰ̣ɱǧɽڲ
ħίʵ
ֶβɽǿߣΪܣ
ǺǿҲ
ǧɽ羧ڣܼǧŽ̫ۡڶڴ߷ɽĴ
ǬߡϵǿҲУǧʥǿߣˣƯɽ񷣬Ͻ߶󷨲ڲɽ磬Χϵõ͡
ħǺǿҲ
ڶͷɽɱͨɽɱ㺧˰Ĺƣ赲˷ħǿߡ
ŽȻǰҲǲмħǿߡ
Ŀǰħǿ󣬵ǧɽͷۼǿһ֣ҲǾ˵ġ
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񣬹ʦɽ硢̫ɽȵ°ܽǿߣۼǧɽ磬ǿ󣬶ʱ޷ƾϵ
ڽԪǿ֣ɽΪԴȷֵܲΪʦ࣡
̫һ·ûжϲ޷ǺűǣΪʦ̫һ澭ǧɽ磬ȸһ죬̫һ澭ɽ羫ʱûбԴãʲôǿ⣿
ʦ̫һ澭˰Եһ·Ѿʮɽ籾ԴδƳɹ
ΪʦԴ磬С̫ˣ̫һ澭ⷽСƶɣҲҪδ֮УΪʦе̫һ澭һС磡

⣿
ѾȲ
̫һͷǰһɻâɵľγɾ顣
·˳ܺƵģ޾޴󻯣һŴȻΪһ޷
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̫һ澭ѾƳɹʵҲѾҪԸ⣬ǲѵģҵҶȡңԼ棬һֱûжӦõһʱԸңȴٳٲ֣ҿǱȻҲ׼Ϊʦô⣬һҪ̫һ澭Ʒʣ
ǧɽ̫һ澭ۼ羫
̫һٿţ
˿̫һ澭ܿ
ǧɽϿգһž޴󻯵âƯǧɽϷһǰ𺳡
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֮УǧɽڲԴգɡڸɽϷ
ǧɽǿߡûһܷ̫һ澭ĴڣǻѾסħãһܷ
ʱ䲻ʧ楴ǿߣһһҲϢһʱ䡣
ɽǷҲʱά֣˫꣬Ϣ꣬ȥȥѾ˲ǧꡣ
ˡ
̫һȻʯ֮ϣ̤߳
ʦ𣡡ӭӡ
ΪʦȥǧɽıԴ̫һ澭õһԭ
κδڵ̫һ棬楣ʦͽħǿ¹£ǧɽ硣

쿴
ǧɽⷽȻħ繥ֹͣΪħҪϢȴӰǧ֮
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̫һӣ楣
ͷǡǿ˭ٴУ
֮ǰǧɱҲûдʱأΪ̫һˣնɱĴڡ
׼
ǬߡǧŽ̫ۡۡоͷὣâɱ
ഫ̫һʵ죬ҾͲţһӣǧʥǿ߿⣡
񷣬ֻ̫һ桢ԽնǧɽһھͷҲ뿪ϵ
ߣǿµǲ֣ҵ֣ɽ籾Դ֮ɱһУ
⣬һ߷
ǬߡϡŽ̫ۡ۵׼ʱɱ
̫ۣۡǶʦ°ܽҷǿɱ룬ȴǱߵ³ʶô
ͷŰƺȵмһ


3063 ǰʲôҲǣ£
̫һҲֶǰһɽֻܵҪǧɽ籾ԴɱˣʶȤɢȥȻȲˣƾȻ޷ҿ⣡

ͷǷȻŭ
һԪǿߣ׳˶üƤһƱŷһվץһҫ۵Ļƽꪣʥ۷ƣƽꪷҪըѡ
ʲôû˵ֻԵĺüһЦ߶ƽɱ̫һ档

֮УƽǿƱǿվ˺ѺڰԵʮ㡣
ʥ뷨ҲǿΧԽ͸֮Уǿγһɫס
̫һ棿ߣ帵ȡͷǿɭɭȣоҲ޷סĴһ
Ȼ̫һȴǵҡͷһܺãܺã
ݺԪɨʱգδնɱδǿߣǵһҽꪣ飡
䣡
帵Ȼ緢ƶһ㣬һƬ档
ƽꪲſֲɱǧ֮ʣ帵󲿷ַƽꪣȻ͵ն£һ׳Ļƽϼ⣬˲Ϣһ㣬ն̫һ楡
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ɽǷͷ̫һ˿ֲٶȣæ帵
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帵̫һɱǰӶꪣŹ˺İ£˲Ϣն̫һϡ
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̫һ죬̫һ澭֮У˴߶ĺɽ籾Դ
ɽڲ˵ȴɱ˼һɽ磬Եĵ˾ȻֻпƷǳСˣԹδġ
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ͷȴȥһһ죬Ƕ̫һ涯֣󲿷˶Ϊ̫һǼɵǡ
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ָһץһɽγɣɫһЦǰɱ

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˼ʣϵڣһ磬ɾϵ϶ɣΪ׽⣬Ѹʹɱ̫һ档


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һ̫һ΢ЦţȻһ£Ѿɫ԰ף޷ϡ
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ݣ
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3067 һ˰ɽ磨£
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һˣһɽ磬ѹˣĪֶΣŵЩͷսľ


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ڲ֮еĽڣҶȽԼں֮У֪Ѿһǧꡣ
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3068 е
û뵽ǧɽ类ˡ
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ҶȲźȻָ𹬣ʦ𣬵ӵи飬ϾҲΪۺʵǵ̫һ棬̫ǿ󣬹ʦδںϣʵֱһΣһ̣ΪΪʤĹؼ̫һһ
ͷںϣȷǸ취ΪΪһ壬ʵҵģ
ʵԽǿԺںϣʵҲԽ࣬ϾҲһֱȥҪ뷨ӶԸ̫һ棬ʦٿ𹬣ʥĹڣҲӵʥǿԲ罫Ĺ֮£ԴԼʥںϣ
ҪںıԴ
ֻ籾ԴԼʥ̤ʥ澳ںϣյҲģ
ãûɣ
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ڰĬţȻͬ⡣
ˣҶϣ߶ʩչ޴ǧʱռ֮УطӡĽ𹬱Ե
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Ҷȵ޴ǧʱԼСǧһ˸޷ڡ
ã𹬺󷽣ֶ֮С
ֱȥ֮°ױԴʯҲ㣬ʼձԴԼϷʥԼҶȲջ
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ֹȥǧ꣡
ڣٱԴӿڲĪаԪСϹݡͨĴǿߣʵ̫̤࣬ʥ۷岻˵Լ֮䣬ѾҪͻʥ澳


3069 ػɽ
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ʦʵҲһĸ߶ȣȻʱǾ뿪ǣҲ׼ȥ̫һ棡Ҷȹͨ״̬Ҳ۷塣
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Ǳټǿߣ
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Լ㣬뿪
ؼһ㣬ʵҲ֮лص⣬һͥҲڴˣǸȥͥ
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Լ꣡
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ԶԶһЩӰɫԽ
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Ҫ֪κһʵŴʥ۷壬Ҳζţκһˣʵ̫󣬶󲿷˻ν
ڣĿ࿴ޣСӣ꣬㾹Ȼ̤˴ʥ۷壬Ӧʥ澳˰ɣǰǧɽ£ҲǲŲã㾹Ȼһ֮ɵ˲ǿߣѾԽЩνĽ
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ȻҲοģΪɽ磬òʱ䣬֤δһͨˣΪͷ׿Խ֮á
໥ʶ֮󣬾̤Ϥͥ

棬ϣħ󲿷ǿߣӢ̫һȥԸЩϴɽ磬ͥŽҶһ٣ºħǿɱ룬Ҳɱ󲿷֣
ʥڣҶȡ𾰾ϢƬ̣渵ͥƣҲΪЩͨɽ磬λôԴԵǰƣͥȲЩɽ磬ȻħսƣħעȥԸɽ磬Сɽ練ӹһ٣
ĬĬ꣬ҲǼΪ꣬˶ƲϱԵһɽ磬ȻЩɽ磬ħݱһɽ
˵֪ǧɽ磬Ѿ̫һħǿ߹ƣ
ʱһҲǲŵõϢû뵽̫һǰǿᣬһ˾ܿͷԼǧʥôˣһ˰ɽ簡
һ˰ɽ磡
Ҳδ
һȥѩɽ磬ѩɽһɽħսϣǰһټɽǿߣһֶԸ̫һ棬Ȼʱ̫һһ·ɵˣⰲѣ
֪ϴȥǧɽ磬ΪɽЩ̫԰̫һУʳ棬ټһȫ㣬ٿʮͨСɽԼеǿߣ
ڸֹ˻ʡҲǰѾڴʥܶԪӦʱͻʥ澳ˣ
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ᵽ⣬ЩΡ
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а취ɣɹ
ʥ澳һ׷ΪӣȻһ㡣
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Īǿͻʥ澳Ҫ˻ԵΪ˵ġһûа취¿ЦţҲһ˿
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𣿡ͻȻ˾


3070 ʥϣ
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˼ڲϴ棬Ҷͷʥ򾫻ϴ
ʦҪΪһʥ澳ѶȲҲСĺܶʵѾͨʥ澳ദв㣬ʵԽͨʥ澳ʮ㹻аϴ裡
¶һЩǣҶԵʮ㡣
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Ӧú๦ĪޣӦǰ̫ʯ
Щһ֣

ʵҪһ㣬ʦƷټ⣬ʥ˵κаշʥ֮·ȥУףʵѣɾԶ޷ﵽʥָ߶ȣǼЩʥ澳һҲ޷ﵽʥ˵ʵ
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ȲôϴҪܶྫҪصʥ˵о԰գҶ˵꣬ͿʼƯھϿգ֮пʼͷ
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3071 ʥ£
ಣ

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ĪаͨԡͼԪɡʥϹֵ˶УȻˡ
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3072 ʥ棨ϣ
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Ҫɽ٣ʥ澳Ȼͬ죬˻ʡҲҴ⣬˴̫Żӵеĵ޷ʥ澳Ҳ̫ࡣ
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ˣ


3073 ʥ棨£
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ҶȺȻ뵽ʲôҿýЩԪϹŶϴЩϾǿԼߵ죬ˣһֱϴн죬ϴѶȺܴ󣬶ЩͷʵֻǲһЩʥ澳Լһ죡
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͸ΪϤΪһɽӡԭˡһɽ籾Դڳ֮Уӵ̤ʥ澳ʸľͷϧⷽɽȲϴɽ磬޷̤ʥ澳ҲΪͷʧȥǻʥ澳
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ɵĿ⣬翵ţһʥ棬Сѣ߲Ⱥ󣬴Ϊʦҵһ̤ʥ棬ҵ·ߣ
λǰۣԵ֣ҵ̫һ棬ֻϣնɱˣ򻤼Ԫ
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3075 
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Ϊֻ߽ٱʥýͼʵܴﵽŽٱ䣬ʵڣֻһ㣬ʩչͼ϶ǿߡ

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3077 루£
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ʥ澳ɲһˣʥ澳ϯһʮˣ˵ͷʥԼһŽٱʥѪ
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3078 Щ
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ΪԸ̫һ棬컯Ǭźɽ磬ɽ磬ȥ컯ɽ֣ζЩһߣɽ֮ʣЩͨˣ඼ħУʵܣȻ˾ѣǰѩɽ磡
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Ѫը˲Ϣγβͣ˵ĻԳı۰Լͻơ
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쿪ʼҵѪѾӵĴ츳֮Ҫɱ䡣
ѪͳͳʧΨ壬ѪʼΪ״̬ţ˲󣬷·ҲΪһ塣
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뿪һɽ֮ϵ¥ʱպü˻졢ۡȾͷš
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أ˵жϸѾõȷϢ̫һħֱɱ컯ɽǬɽ磬;ûһɽȥ赲ܿ˾Ҫ̫һһսҲӲÿʼж
ϼ۹һɫҲԶĿǰⷽҲǿܱȣɵҲһأ
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δҪͬ飬һֹǿУһʲô뷨ܵǣ
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һֱûб̬ڳͷ涼ƻȥھ͵Ŵһ˳
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ʽϼӡĲͷҲܿŸɽ羫Ӣͥ
ڳʮˣɵˣɵ뻯ʥ࣬ʥҲ٣ʥȻٲ٣ڴʥǧˡ
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û뵽ԵһСɽ磬ܾۼһɣ
ǿߵʮɽ羫ӢҲЩţʥ澳ʮˣڳʿ
λ̫һδħ⣬ǻһɵˣɱһ쵽һнữΪ棡
ʱʮǰͷʥɽÿһ䣺ո̫һħѾ컯ɽ硢Ǭɽ翪սȻδɳǿߣ֪ɽ֮ϣħ컯ɽ翪սҲ͵ս
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컯ɽ硢Ǭɽǵ⣬ֲɽ磡
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ȥɽ磬;Ҫһɽ磬Ҫ뾡취Щɽ֮Уȡǿ߼ǣڣʽһӡ

ʮڴʥͷ£ɵٶȷɳ嫶ֺܿ뿪ͥ


3080 ս
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δ뿪ôɽǿǣסⷽɽ磬
һȥ֪ܻһʥͷҲ硣
ȥ컯ɽ֮ǰȥѩɽ磬ǷɽҲۼһɲȥѩɽ磬ÿԽⷽˣ
һͷȻš
ڰһǧʵӦôﵽʥ۷壬ؼʱҺ壬ʵ
Ҷȡңھͷ󷽣ƲǿߣĴĪаȻʱ䣬⾫
þһͨɽ磬ͷǴһǿ߽ȥ£ǿߣΧȴš

ѩɽ磡
䣡
һͷͷħ󣬲ʮͷһħǿߺ£֮ħǳײѩɽ羧ϵ
ħǿߣԼһЩ˿ܣҲһ
ϵڣ۴žͷǣƴ󣬽һɽ֮ۼھϵԴ赲ħ繥ơ
̫һȥ컯ɽ硢Ǭɽ磬ǰֻħǿߣҲҷԵֵģ
Եֵţ֧֣ǲһֱ֧ȥЩħ̫ǿ
ֻҪܼȥһҪסϵҲ̫һ棬ֻҪǵȵһ̣ħ᳷ˡ
ѩɽǿǣհħɷûϵɽʧȥԣ޹⣬˭һϢʧı顣
ڳۣԼһЩʥͷһԵɽ磬ͱħ繥ƣͿ̿
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һλѩվߣԸмĿ⿴ʮͷ
û̫ۡЩͷ򣬿ѩɽҲʱŽᡣ

ģҲ֮£յһʥصĴڣ컯ɽ硣
ټ컯ɽ磬ҲֹƲϹħǿ߹ƣԼǿ߸޷컯ɽ羧ϵ
ΪǾϵʱʱɱһƣܺɨκιƣħҲڼ֮ºɱ
ϾʥأΪĴ컯ɽ粻ǿҲ󲿷롣
Ϊħ磬Լ̫һжǿ󣡡
ϵڣ컯ǿ߻ϣԼ컯һϡͷ򣬸г´ŽȽɽ֮
˽ɽ֮дͷԪǿߣʥҲ١
ʥ𾳡ʥʥɵǿߣ͸ˣɵΪһȻӵǿ̡
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컯ɽѡΪδɱɽ磬Ϊ뿪ɽȥ⣬ħ

֮Уһڼףħǿ߲Ϲ
󷽣ʯ֮ϡ
̫һڻӡ֪ʲôʱ򣬵컯ɽϷֿһϵǳƯ
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֣
̫һϿκΣɱȥ컯ɽģ޲ٿ̫һ澭ɽ籾Դ
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ȥ˭õ̫һʵǿ󣬶̫һ澭ɱεȵز
һȺϣʱһɱƾŴʥ֣Լһɽ֮ͷۣΪ鷳ϧѡԴУΪһɽԴ֪ǵΪ
̫һ漸Ц·컯ɽڲЩͷһǰϰС
֮Уǧɽ磬һЩǿߣֲ̫һ澭ӣҽ̫һ澭ƸΪǿɲ컯ɽ籾Դʱҵ̫һ֪Ϊ޵У
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Ưһ̫һһ飬̫һ澭£ħǿ߽Χȴ


3081 澭
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ȥ̫һ澭ֻһƾһͨӰӡ
̫һ滺ӡΧһ˿˿һ֮н٣Ǵ·컯ɽ粻ӿ
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⻪ռɳӿ̫һ澭֮УȻ֮⻷̫һ澭֡
ģ絽˼£̫һ澭ΧĹ⻷һҫۡ
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컯ɽ֮УϵһЩǿߣ˷ֲԾ
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Ŀ࣬һǿߣ޲ȭ
˾ǵ컯ɽ磬ǿĴڣ컯Ҳ컯֮Уĸǿߡ
컯֣㿴Ǻεȴڣ
ŽһЩ컯Χ
һ
û뵽컯һۣͿʲô

ƺǷɣǷǿԸӦˮҷҲܸ˺ɽ֮ϣ
ԪǿһǷš
ɣ컯ԵЦ컯ɽں϶ꣿɽһӣ֮һֱչأҵѾӽʥˣ޷ӦΪ컯ɽ粢δںϣǼڿ컯ɽΧ
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컯
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컯ɽϣʮԪǿɳϵ
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ˣ
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ЩǿȻԴУԪɱȥ̫һԪ־̫ΡȻ֮κԪƲ顣
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ϵڣǿߡͷĿԪԵȻһж̫һ档
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ȥһЩˣɱȥԼҪʩչԪϻ֮ҿ̫һˣֻԪǳǿʵܿʮǿߣ컯类һˮ


3082 Գɿ
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Σʮǿɱϵ
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֮ǰʮԪǿǣˡ
ͻȻ̫һ־һˡȻ˹Ǳɿһȥ
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ˣ
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ϡﻩʮǿߣĻȥһԪӸ߿֮о򾧱ϵ
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ǬɽڣҲвپͷ򣬵Ȼû컯ɽôࡣ
вǬǿߣҲ½̵ľͷ԰˷ľͷҲһЩͷ컯ɽ֮һ
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Ǭһ۲վһ𣬵ھͷЩɱһǿ߿ܡ
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˵ǣһζǬɽ磬ȥ֧Ԯ컯ɽ磬һ̫һɱⷽô죿½̾ͷæͷ
ͷҲûǬǵ֮УΪǿĴ֮һ
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Щܲ򵥰֪߶
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̫һ治򵥣Ԧܷӣʩչϻ֮ɱЩܣ
Ǭ룬Χ

ӢɱȥŴʥ죡
ɳϵʥǿߺˣһվϵԴʩչϻ֮ɱ˳ϻ֮Ըǿߡ
Ȼϻ֮ǳԽǿߵĴڣһϻûһǿߣЩǿ߱Ҳܽǽɱ
忴Ǭɽƣ컯ɽĿǰöˣ


3083 
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ɽܽԴҲֻҪ꣡
ʱ˴Ԧǳ
ɽɽ磬Ǿܴﵽѩɽ硭
ͥһ·ɱ룬桢˻ʡͥȽ
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һ·նħǿߣжٽԱɱ˿ɵΪɽаħҡ
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ˣҽɽ磬һʱ䣡Ѿ䣬Ԫɡ
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д統Һ壬·棬ŻΪɵ飬֪йЩҲŶӦ
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ǡֵܣôɽ磿ĪǴɽ
һԺðˣϾ겻棬ֱԪϢϷֱ֪˭ˡ

ϢһӰٳŽ磬С
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Ư֮е棬ӭ˸ӵǰһδ¼һһҸе𺳣Ϊˣ
Ƣˬ浱һɽʱһ궼ûƵġ
һůŵδ磬ҹȥСһУټɽǿһԸħ磡
ϧǿ߲̫࣬޷ټ٣ģһ֧㣡š
֪ʥǿҲ࣬Ī£ллδ磬Ȼˣ˳ⷽһЩպҲ
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ǡ
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Ҳִˣһ۾Ϳ˭ȭ֣
ԭźɽ磬ʶˣûǰˬ·棬ҲӶ
˭ʦ֣
棬𽥿ӻ֪ݣ׷Χź


3084 лԵ
𣿡
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ǰǧɽ¼и˿⣬
棡
·ǦƵģûκζΪղǸѾվɽ۷ĴջһЩ
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伤ǰȻ첲ٿڳٺĵӣλСֵܿɲ򵥣·棬£ҹȻɱ컯ţΪˣħǿһսǰøǧɽǿ߽棬ֽ˲֪˲棡
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3085 е컯
ֵܣҵ֮Ϊβһʱ䣿֮УС죬ʱԴԪϹŶѾ֮ǰǰ⡣
̫һħ粻ƻɽ磬ջˣٻټ⽫Ϳ̿Ҫץסʱ䣡
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󣬵ɽ磬Ǳ׷ɱģн·滹Ը
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ֻһͨˣ·棬ʵͲҶ֣Ҷӵлһɽʵȥƽܲܽǰгˣɱ˰ɣ
浭һЦ·ȥһУȥ
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3086 ԭʯ
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ѣ˶ӦóԼǰ㣬ǣԼӦþɸովһսٸһЩʱϢȻ˫ɣ컯ɽʵ򣬲ױħƣѩ˵Զ컯ɽ̬Ȳ䲻ȡ
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컯ɽ磡
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ֻҪ뿪ɽ磬̫һ޵ԪֶΣǸû˿в
컯ɽڲ
ڶͷȻ֮УտʼЩ֣̿һħɽвԽԽ̫һҲûʲô
ɽ簲ӣ
ãټ컯ɽ֮УϣǳءѾףʤ
֣ܶȹⳡƽ٣
̫һǿ޵УƵû֣ϧˣ
ҵҼ֤һħսһҪڷУ
컯ŵڣӡѪµȵȵžӢӾͷ֪մƣҲϢ
Ȼ
գ̫һ澭֮ϵ̫һ棬ȴһЦ
Ŀź컯ɽ磺ʼ̫һݺС磬ΪȻСӣһȺ΢Ĵڣ֮ǰʩչԸңҲ޷ǧڣ컯ɽ磬Ȼ񲻵ǧ꣬Ǹʱɽ֮澭Ѿûбʣɽ簲ӣЦ
գ̫һ澭ɣҪϻϰȨΪڱУ⴦С磬񣬶Ҫ
̫һ澹ȻվǧУʼӡ컯ɽ˵ϧСʿԶ޷ղɣ
̫һ澭Ȼһ̣뻯Ϊһʮ޴ĵ飬Ƿ֡
ǡ
컯ɽ羧ϵڣһЩͷǾ޴֮УֳһǻĹϵ顣
ˣ
ɽ羧ϵڣͻȻһЩܿĹ⻪һ뿪ɽ磬Ǳ顣
ƺ
ѵ̫һ
ҸϽչֹ뿪ɽ磡
컯һ֮ʱ޿ɽ뿪ɽ磬Ϻͷǿƾϵ

ϵ߶ױ貵Ĺԣκʧɽ
޷ֹ
ϵɱ䣬Ᵽţڲǿȴ֣Ȼ뿪ɽ硣
գ
ʱֻ컯Ѿ컯֣Կɽʩչǿɽ籾Դںϣɽ񷣬ȥ
ǡ
һˣˡ
̧ͷͿ̫һһʮİɫ飬һ򾧱ϵ
̫һ棡
˸оͷƤ飬ӿ죬Զһ˲䶼Է߶
Ǿ̫һ棡
ʵ󲿷ˣδ̫һ汾ҲԪӰʶ񣬵Ǵδʶ
̫һѾϵϷǧף̫һ澭ƯϷ֮һҲ̫һֱɡ
֮Ҳǵ
̫һ滺ڣȴ컯ɽڲ𣺡ϣӱƱӱʱգδ磬⴦Сǿ̣ʹδɱ䣬һɽһᣡ


3090 ĩ

컯ɽڲǾϵľͷɣǴ֮һǳءˣⷬ
컯ܸܵˣ̫һӰ־ʱ̫ͬһ棬ģߣһὫնɱ
Ǽʶŭ𣡡̫һ滺ʼ߶̫һ澭
һΪвɣ컯ȵ
̫һ治ΪȻǣһɽ磿ڱ̤⣬ʲôһͨСʱգʧҲټûκӰ죡
λʱɽΣһ̣־ɳǣǿжԿͷ߶󣬻ɱ̫һ棡
ŽȾͷһɺ
ݣ
ƣһǿڱһ̵컯ɽ磬μա
ɱ
컯һʱֻнóԦɽ֮뾧ϵںϣɱһ۵Ĺ̫һ档
̫һ׷
̫һ濴ǿߣɽ籾ԴһĹɱ߶̫һ澭
̫һ澭֮ϵҳȻ濴ƾǳһ㣬͵һɱ
߳壡
ӡ񷣬·ⶼڲ
ܿɱգǿն״̳Ƭ
ֲ̫׷
䣡
׻ɱĹټǰǿᣬȻ׵磬ڰ;׵Ҳ飬ĿֲҫԼ˷ˮȥ
¡¡
컯ɽҲʱ̵ľϵһ̶֧ŲסҪһ㡣
ǡǼֱ֮
̫ǿˣ𣿡
֮˻ص
컯ɽڲżʶ̫һ
һȻǿὫһɽ磬ԼԪǿߡ˵һһ׵顣
ʵܶ˼֤һﶼһ㣬һ̫һ浲סܻ飬˵̫һȫʵһսһɽ硣
ɽ֮µͨˣ򿴵ɽ֮ϣﱬĹâѾ̵ö˫ͫ޷𿪣ʧȥ
̫С
ɢȥ̫һȻƯɽϿգ楴ħʣǿߣ
̫һͬ˵ˣƾʵҲ뱾⣿һҲڸˣǿ澭𣡡

̫һ澭ڲҳոͷ׵磬һ̻Ϊ˻ɫȻкꡢһƣֻȭͷСţһŽһţտʼˡ

컯һٴδ߶ơ
꣡꣡
ЩţȻ˲꣬һƬ컯ɽ׹ȥҲϴ̫һ澭֮·޾
Щ½УȼţĦһȻΪɡʮɾ޴Ļ棬ǿնһƬ׹ɲһ컯ɽ硣
䣡
ӾϵڣҲʼ
ɱһӾϵӿȥһĢһĹ⻪һƬɱ׹Ļ档
ɽϷⶼ䣬˲һƹ⻪û뵽Щ⻪һȻˣƲ飬Ƿգȫ֡

ˣ
ˣɽҲˣ
ۼɽһ֮˵ĹƣȻȫ֣ɿһĻֻо
֣֡
ֻнԼԪͷǣǻģڼִ߶ϵɱƣΪֻ·һ˵ϣ
ϧɱȥĹƣȻǶ֣һǿᣬһ̫ˣڴ̫һ澭֮ӿ
̫һһ̣ƻ澭˵
ʦһ˺ɽ磬һˣ𺳿Ϳɱ컯ɽ磬ǰ̫һ棬𺳡
ֻΪʦҲǷǿ۷壡
̫һֻһߡ

ڣ𣬾ɽͷһδδ߶ɽ֮Լ赲һЩ׹оϵ
䣡
ɽΪ֮һ
䣡
ϵԱ飬ɽһζɱϵһ飬һ㱻ٻ
зɽ磡
ಣ
Ψһ컯֮󣬴߶һ޷ݵĹâ澹Ȼӡ
Ҳеͷӡɵķʮ򷨱ۼϵ
һӡڽ߶£ɱһâ㼯һһɱ֮£Ϊ취ƣǿɱϵ
û뵽һιЧ̫Եˣɱʼ顢ըѡ
һĻ˼֤·ֿϣһλ
֪Ϊ죡
̫һûκνӡı䣬ȻĴ߶̫һ澭
䣡
ʱڴ׹£з
տʼǿƺ֮⣬ԽԽ࣬ʼȻǱ𽥻飬ãƱɱһһڴɽ磬׹ɽ


3091 ݿࣨϣ
ʱ˿̣Щ׹𣬾ճ٣׹ɽһ㣬ɾˣû˷ӦΪû˼һĻ
ǽҲ޷Ӧ
ؼǻҪ߶
أ֮бըһ𣬾ܻһǳشΪһյĿ»һ㡣
ЩеڵҲգǳҲգˣ̾ͱɱΪ촷ۣǶԣ޵٣޷оʹ࣬һֽѡ
½ȫѹƷϵ飬ƿصĽ硣
绹ܳܣ֣һ׹£ôǿߡͷѪǣ಻׹ֻһṦյһʥأ컯ɽ羹ȻѾγʮ
ˣˣ
֮Уڷ֮ʹҽС
֪Ǿ͸˻ʡ۵Ļ֣ɽǿѾնɱ̫һ棡
ûкҩĿ⣬֪ض߰
ҿӣӳһһȥǬɽ磬ﻹǺܶȥ
ھͷƿصĽ磬ۿҪ飬һͷڲѡ
컯ˣ´ﳷ˺
һ̣Ӵ·ǿ߿ʼ롣
ǵ·컯ɽѾΪһһ̫һʵЩԷپһУֵĵطܻܻ
~꣡
ټ컯ɽ֮ϣ̺ǳһϵ鲻棬·ⳡꡣ
ʦ컯ɽ羧ϵˣ楴Ųħͷ컯ɽ磬챻ճһŻ硣
ȥΪʦȡԴ죬ΪʦҪ컯ɽԶʧ˵룬ҲΪĵһɽ磬Ҫ˿ϣ
̫һ˵꣬ץӡǡ
ӡǾ˿ɣ͸žӨǹ⣬ܿ콫̫һ澭ǣ˺ġ
գħǿ楡̫һ컯ɽ硣
ӡôȻ޷赲̫һ桭
Ȼϵˣ컯ɽ񷣬컯컯ˣȻڼּԦ󷨡
ŽһЩҲδȥʥͷټϻһЩ뵣
컯ǺȻ׹֮ɱɽ˫۱ŭɱ⣺ɽ̫ŴûǱ̫һ棬컯һҪƤ
䣬̫һɱˣӦóˣ
ͻȻɭߣͬģȴò񣺡ǿ󵽷˼ĵز˴ڣϵƣִҲ޷ֵֻзʵǬɽ磬ǣͷǲܱ𣡡
֯ˣ
컯ĬһҲʵǲģΧôǿߣ˺ļڣȻҪͷߵĵز
Ϊ䣬컯ͻȻ֮ǰκʱҪ侲ס̫һ棬ٳˣܴ߶ˣǶˣǧĪΪ̫һһʼδʩչȫԸչԪɽǰ㣬ֱӻɽ磬ˣԼеһУɽͣΪ⳾
ɣ
컯͵ĳȥ

ͷǡҲٻͷ뿪ƴ
컯ľӢǵ̫һħǿߣǵ
Ϊ𣬿һٶ컯ǿֿԶͷһ֮ɳˣת߶ӡ
һٶǿҲ߶ºܶ˲־ţһҲûк˵ѡ
ˣ
γɣȻܽһЩѹɱֲĽִͨնħǿ̫һ档
̶ˣȥɱ컯ɽʿǷˣˣɱ⣬Ҫⶼ֪ŭ𣡡Žɱ̫һΧħǿߡ
楴ħͷɱһ硣
䣡
ֲɱʮҪɱ̫һ档
ϰʥ컯ʥ֮ɱһ֣ӵ컯ɽ籾Դɼһôǿ
Ȼȴ̫һͷƣһȭâɱ޷ݵĽ֣ջ顣
ۣ
ڣ컯ǿѪ
ٴͨ
˽ԳΪҵĿܡ
̫һͷһĨӡǣӡǻΪָ̬ͻȻŴȥһɽͬʱ̫һ澭Ҳзɳ
ǹ컯ˣԽǣƯɽ񷣬߶޵
ҵԪ񡭡
̫һԪֶΣ
֮УһЩǿѾоԪʼ˳
סһˣôˣһҪס컯ҲԤеԪɱڣûκκͷǺ¡
컯żʱȥ־壿
ǿٴɱһƣնɱͨʥ澳ͷ
̫һȴͨͷֱֶɱǰźȻһȭޱֻ顣


3092 ݿࣨ£
ʵĲ࣬ҲͲʱΪܣƬ֮£̫һδܵκβֶ޵С
ʱ
컯ţ
ˣˡӣ
յһʥذҲû绯Щͷڰٵߡ
˼ʣħǿɱȻδ֡棬ŵòپͷӣЩȥ
ԶҲڳ룬ɲ컯ǿߡ
ŽκȾͷƯڸ߿գŽκ֣컯ɽԾĹ˻ʡ˺ӦˣԲֳɽԼ컯ɽ磬ô޹ˣ
ɵ̫ΪǣϧûкҩǱǸڣǸˣܱߣ͹ˣҲ̫һ֣ԪҲȻյϮ뿪ҿҲɥڴˣκʹϧ컯ɽ硣

;룬˾һߡ
⡢컯ţ޵÷
ʮԪ̫Ǹʱĳɣ컯Žǰдǿߡӽ󱣻еʥء
ħǿ߷˶Ҳߵǰ
ǡʥŮ
Ҳǻյĵ°
޳ܣͶħ磬ǱΪ飬ɱ
컯ŵǰЩ컯ŵӣһ楣Ǵ󲿷˶İ
Ͼ컯ſǾʢĵʽ˷ɽ硢μʢᡣ
˼ʶ楣컯£ȻΪ
컯šҿ͸ǵ԰Դǽ⣬ԼƣǺεٹ⣬һж֮ɱ⣡楻Щħͷ硣
ɱħŮ
컯Ҳʩչϻ֮ɱһơ
ȴǼһ羫⣬ں϶ɵ񽣣նɱĹƣж˲ϢΪƬ
Ѿʥ澳һʥ澳ȴԭ̤λ̫ã
ɱȥȫż
˵֣ΧЩ̫һ澭Ҳ𽥷컯ɽ硣
ɽ縲ֻǳ£
֣ڼ컯ŲеߣΧҲ߿գٶħǿ߽ɱֻǱԪɱʶΪܡ
䣡
ãͱǿն˾ȻնѪֳ
ӡ
ˣ
컯űϾǶٵʥأҲӰѵɼңһ̣̫ǿ󣬼ϵͷ룬Щս˼Ҳ׷׿ʼ˷ȥ
ûȥ׷ֽյһʥأ컯ŵǰ
楣ǰСǵıϢЩͷһĿӽ쿪ʼһжɢ
䣡
һƻе磬ʼ
ڲһЩ컯ŵ֮컯ŵȻ̣ϧʵѾȥ۷塣
楡
ˡ
һЩδȴĵӣֻľͷŭ
ϧɱǵ˼ҲûУħǿɱ˾ɱֱΪħʬ
һһһɱˣյһʥ컯ţѾѪɺӣʬҰٵ硢Ǳû
ӣ

Ǵʸӵе
һЩħǿΧŽ磬һЩ컯ŵɱ
ĹһЩӱŻۣӼһᣬĬĬߡ
ֵǣЩħǿֻΧ֣ƺɱۡ
ˣһҸ֡漶ˣˣ
յһţɥ֮Ȯ໺ҽУŵö
ҲУΧħǿߣصǸˣܵ壬ʵ̫ͨħͷҲԸˡ
ಣ
Ů澣Ҳڶҡ»ߡ
ߣ컯һɱģŮ̫ģǶԻۣǶ컯š
ɱȥ۶żŮ
ӣ
ŮǿʼжڻߣȻʵŮ澱Żۣ˷ǰ
ո磬ȴһħͷ֣ʵ̫ǿֻħŮ޷ɱȥ
һȴҲħͷΧ¡
˫Ѫ죬뾡ҪߣЩħͷѾ󷨰Χ
ۣ㶼ͷߣ
֪ʲôʱƯڰգǱѵĻۣûжɫ
ˣ۷·֪ǣ˫ͫһ楱޾ŭ
ҺϤ
ȴû΢΢ΧһĨЦݣ뾡ӣҪ楣۷ĵطûʵֻᱻգΪӣ㻪ۣûΪԼҲЦ㣬Ʋ㣡
ͻȻɿڣ楣壬ʱ䣬ֻҪһᣬҾͻõϹŶϴ裬ӵдʥʵʥ澳Ҿͻᱣ㣡


3093 컯ɽ
ϴ裿ػʵۣ㻹δ͸ң֮Ĳ涼ǷߣѾԽ㣬Ϊǿ뾡һа취ַֻҪǿԼȥƴһжԣ㲻УһʱŬϸʥ澳ҲĶ֣
֪Ҳǵˣҿ԰ɱ
ڵĵλԼʵһæ𣿶ҶԣɱСһ
컯ӵдҿ˵ǣ̫һ泼
ΪҪǳҵĿ꣬۰楿ҪΪδŮۣԽʥˣҪһͳⷽ⣬ҪΪƬʱյף
ҸԸΪЧ
㣿ˣҪĻһѣҲֲ㣬Ҫڿ־֮УĨɱԪȥΪܣ
極Ц
楣
һ̣۳׾κȴǻԷӶ
Ϊӹȥ;һĻֻһŷḻԴֿɵõĹӸ硣
̫һ桭
⣡
ټѾȫ飬һٶͷƬ֮޷
컯伸޷֧壬Ԫͬұ顣
ڱǰ˵ǣҲСģ̫һƯһλλˣԪûʶоЩ
컯಻ģ¿񷣺ˣɽˣ磬ǾȻȡ
̫һһɨˣ磿ЩֻǸո̤ż񾳣ȴЦԼΪ񣬲ãɱǱǳõĶ
򶼲Ƕ֣
컯ԪʱͻȻתƿص컯ţź¡һԪ񳹵ױ飬ͷǿһԪ̫һĪ֮顣
һΪ˿ܣ
ҲԶҪܡ
̫һ߶̫һ澭컯ɽ䣬Ҫ˽ԳΪܡ
컯
ʦ𣡡
ɺʧȥԪƯڰգ楴ħǿߣͳͳӭ̫һ档
̫һû澭ͷһ籩ܿʧȥԪ񣬱Ƶ˿ܣӰ˷Խ澭ڲռ䣬޷ġ
һˣħǿߡħɡ
ղ֪˺󣬻澭һЩƯڰ֮У̫һ߶ӡΧʼӿȵĹ嫾ۼһ𣬽Ա澭롣
ʧټ컯ɽһոΪңǳѾڷ»ΪܶҲˡ
Ǭɽ磡
λ컯䡭ˣ
֮ǰ컯ɽ󲿷ˣͷƤǬɽ硣
һЩͷۼ񷣬컯ɽͷǣ׷Ĭ
һΪǱ𣡡
컯˭ʹģ컯ɽģȻʧȥɽ磬ԣǶʧ
ھͷǬɽ磬Ǭǿ߻ӭ
︺ӦЩ컯ɽӳˣɽۼˡ
컯ɽ磡
ϼΧƵɽ磬Ϊһ
ɽ룬̫һ澭Ưڻ֮УȻɽ籾ԴɽʧȥʧȥոΪ
ʱ˿̣̫һ澭컯ɽо̫һڣǿ뿪ɽ硣
ħǿѾɽ֮ɴӭ̫һ档
ϣ뿪֮תɽ磺ʦɽ粻֮󣬻Ϊ棡
Ϊʦ˵Ҫ컯ɽʧҪɽ򿴿
̫һת͵ĽӡһâԼΧ⾫ۼ
ΪһֲǳââһţԼѾ޷Ľô
ݣ
âնһû컯ɽ磬һ¡յһɽ羹ȻնһŻʯǿ֮顣
ûˣ
һɽ޷̫һһǿ֮
ĶЩħͷҲһ
ʦĿǰʵһлǬɽ磬ҲǺ׵ģǾȥǬɽ磡
ǬɽҲǹɽ磬ΪʦҪľҪЩ˿ܣΪɲɽ磬ǿΪʦҪҲǰף
ˣ
˵꣬ħĿǬɽ硣
û뵽յһɽ磬ˣ
ʱһ޵Ӱ΢ʵ⨺ˡ
⨺һƺۼ֤컯ɽ
ֻϡ٣ȴû뵽̫һʵ޵СҲ塣
֨֨
⨺Ȼ˼һһһȥ
ã⨺ѩɽ硣
⨺ǰ
ϵ۴ŷѩȾͷ͹Ⱥ
⨺˾ȻʶۣǳϤƵģҲһʱڵʿ겻ʵһԼʥ˲ԽԽС
ѱԽǿ棬Ӧˣ֮ھͷ⨺ѩ
䲻ȻҶȡңҲ֮


3094 δ
롭̫һһϢ⨺˵һۣҶңͲ
侲ȭλ̫һ棬һδľǿߣ
ң
ҶҲ⨺ˣǰҲõ̫ʯһЩУӦ˵ӦǰĴУ
޵֮ãΪȣʱ䳤ʵȴǲ٣
ţ֮µҵȷõӦĴУֻУ˼һΣȻ͵õһЩ̫ʯԶ棬ⷬҹǸǣոۼ컯ɽˣ
𣿡
˭һȻ
Ҫ֪컯ɽ磬ǵһɽ硣
̫һһ׹컯ɽ磬컯ҲУΪܣ컯ɽ̫һһ֮£ҲΪˣ
Ȼ̫һ棡
컯ЩɵǿߣҲͳͳˣ
ӳɽ磬ȥǬɽ磬ƻӪԸ̫һ棬ҲһԮ
岻ǵģ
̫۴ʱҲ
岻Ԯ֣Ҳ˻𣬱Ͼһǿ˼˵
ͻȻͷŰԵ˫棺ǸöˣȥǬɽΧ̫һ棬ȡɵˣնɱ̫һ棬ʱǬɽҲ컯ɽǽ¾һս
˽֮ͷ
ѩ
֮ڣѩӣԼɽѰˣټΧˮйͨ
ǧȴ඼ɵͨˡ
ǷѩɽֻҪɵ۾ϵǿߣԾ룬½ʮˣȻҲڡ֮ǰǿߡ
̫ۡۡѩϾͷ룬ͷҲ½
֮ǰⷽжʮʥ棬ѩɽⷽ˼ˣʮʥ棬˫һʮʥ档
⨺Ҳڼټüʥ棬ʥͷʮ˶ˣ˵ǿǰ
ʵɽ˲¡
ڼ仹вղμӹ·ţȥɣҲ棬ǽʲϣʵӴ󣬲֪沢ûб仯ǰС
ͮһ𣬷ѩҲҪ򣡡
ԪڰοͮһŴȥǬɽ硣
ͮʵӦȥģԪ᲻
ͮģһȥأҲ
ɽ̫һǿ컯ɽͻˣһսȥˣŻˣ֮١
֪ΣգҲûоͷˣк·ˣ
ɱ̫һ棬ƿ⣬⻹ΣܶͷҲ˵̫һ磬Ƭһʧÿ˶
޷ܵġ
һʱ䣬ʮ˰ͷҲǰۼʮʥ棬ǧʥǿߣʥ𾳡ʥ
ѩ̫ۡۡ˻졢۵˽Կ⨺ˣλվͷ죺컯ɽûˣ̫һԾƻɽˣΧǬɽ磬ɽˣԸ̫һʱ̫һ治Ǳⷽ˶Ҫ֮ǰµļƻɱǬɽ磡
ߣ
ͷһۣ뿪ѩ
硢Ǳذ
ͮغ쳵Ȳˣɽ˺Ŀʮǿ뿪
⣬ͷǷǰɵٶա
Ȼһ̣ǽǼԪǿߣ桢ҶȡңΪġ
飬Ȼʮʥ棺ʮʥͷֳɰ˴ÿһʥͬʱǿߣá󡯣ɱħ̫һ棬ϻ÷ʽǧĪҪɱȥΪ̫һʵѾͨʥ棬ǵһǿߣ
ʦңδҲ֪
ҶվңҲһࣺȻʦӣƬԪӦôȥʮԪʦֵõǴȥ磬ΪǿߣȻΪ̫һ档δ磬ڶ֮УǿһһҪȡ̫ʯؽĻʱɱδһ磬һ𡣡
˵꣬ǽǼԪǿǣ˭¶֮ɫ
δ

ɣ̫һ̫ǿԶǵ
λʵʦִʱնҲǷδ磬̫һҲǷķⷽҲͱסˣɱƻƬ磬ζźܶ齫ı䣡
̫һ̫ʯиĿģնɱʦ棬ΪҪնɱʦ𣿡
ΪʦƬ⣬Ԫĩڣһͳһɽ磬򣬳Ϊⷽһˣﵽʥָ߶ȣԪʦӪһ̫ʱһԵʱȻһԪ֮ʦֵõʦ𴫳У


3095 Ǭɽ磨ϣ
һʦ֮·ҲǱλ·̫һⷽ⣬Ϊıʷģɱʦ𣬺ȻûнԵĵҲûʦֵõʦĴУûʦ𣬾ûʦ֣ǲڴ磬̫һΪУȻ̫һ˳̫ʯл
ֵھͷ棬ҶȽܣ渵
֮ǰ˲ɻ󣬵һ̣Ƕˡ
̫۵һ̾˶ԣЩšȻǶ֪ΪʲôǾͷſ̫һһ
δȥĿ⣬ҲǼʶδȻ֣Դʱյľʿ˻ҲΪ֮
ѩ̣նɱ̫һͬʽʱգȥδնɱ̫һ汾𣬲ⳡƽ٣
ң߳ף˵Ķԣʱգﴩȥδʱնɱ̫һ棬紫бǵġδǵġȥźƽ٣ڣǶδϣ
Ƕδϣ
Բܷ
ǰҲӵʥǰɾͣҲϣԼһУԴһԪһԪ

ͷǽ˲ŭ
·˻ţҲԼĳֱ˼סοڳⶥǿߡ
ǲʲôڣ²غǣҲغˡѣԼ
Щȥδϣնɱ̫һ棬ٻһ
⨺˲ʱģأǵһˡ
ͷǶѡĬˣҶȡңٴοԶСϹݡĴͨԡԪ²ڡĪаˣҲ󷽡
ǰӦǡ컯ɽ˰ɣ
ͻȻ˵
𾫹⣬Ҳ濴ǰ
ãһƬǳӳʱϢѾǱģ̺һַ
ǰǳȻ貣羡ͷ
컯ɽ緱̳ﻹܼ
տյǿ֮Уֻǳû컯ɽ磬ƬҲҲһ飬УҲѾ̫ɽԨ
ͻȻ䳰Թˣ˻֣нϵܵˣҹɽˣҲҹˣϧ˶ɱ֣
ҲǼ֤ߣȷɽĲԣһ֮е˯˸롣
ϧһعĲǿߣȻȥΪ飬ȴɽʧ
˻ͻȻŭ뾡취壬Щ壬λһ·ϣɼħɱģһеˣҲٲ壬˻ʳ˵ǰ棬ܻţ˻һҪ򽫴̫ѪҪúһ飡
й򣬾͵й֧㣡û뵽⨺˵޳˻ⷬ
컯ɽûˣ
ɣʮˣ컯ɽ磬δ֣Ѿ⻯Ϊ˭ﲻ𺳡
ȴûֻǿϧ
ɵ˵˶ۼ֤ģ⼸ħսɽ˾ӵĻҲͲߵ죬֮ǰѩɽ硢桢˻ʵˣҲᵼ»ɡ
ʦ̫һϢˣڴ߶ķ̫һ澭ȻƳɹˣһսˣ޷ŹǰҶȿԶƬǳ˫üһᡣ
ʦܣһ߾ȫʦһնɱ̫һ棡ң󷽾ͷҲģ
·ӱ֮оѣȥ̫࣬ȫһսԼҲǣдң־У͹ˣ
Լ겻ŵ֮Уʮ˺嫴֮дǰһƬǳ
Ǭɽ硭
ͷ˲ϢԾâ˫ͫƣƬǳһҫ
Ǭɽ֮оǺȴӡ𵴵ǵض
̫һ棡
ԶԶǷ̻𱬷ǳĬ𺳡
Ҷңһ˲䣬ԶԶһӰӣ·ܿ޵е̫һ档
ʵΪȻҲܴſǬɽһɲİơ
δ
컯ǬŽ˶
ͷҲԼ鿴Ƿƣ̫۸ӦƬ̣ƺʲôҪ˵
һɨˣɽ˴󲿷棬ҿ֮ǰ̸̸
ԡ
˽޵
Ǭɽ磡
ħǿܣǬɽ羧ϵɱ㹥ƣһϵƯϷһо
ϵڣǬǬ䡢Ǭ컯Ⱦͷڴ߶󷴻
нˣ˵ͷ̫ˡ
Ҳȷ컯ɽ磬֤ħ繥ƣЩˡ
ǡ
컯״̬£ͻȻһ㵿ͷ


3096 Ǭɽ磨£
̫ۣ
˻죬Լۡ巽ϹŶ
⨺ҲΪ˻ʡʮλγɵˣ
󲿷־ͷҲӦԶǳ޴һԪ
̫ˣ̫ʱ
ǱȻԸ̫һħģ֣ܻⳡΣ֣
ͷ磬ȻӦԶǿߴڣһ˲
ǬɽһߣҲ̫һ£ֻȥ
һվͷķɽϢһɽϽǬ컯ȻˣһĿģϣֶԸ̫һ桢ħ磡
Уȿô˵
컯һ˫˫ڴĿУ׿ʼ߶Ԫ
ɶ棬ҶСǬھͷ֮Уͷʥ
ˣ
컯˫ֽӡ£Ϊһƣ⨺ˡ̫ۡۡ˻졢ʽȾͷԪ
öǿߣɽⷽ޲档
컯ҵˣ֧ԮǬɽ磡
⨺֮УԪ·վǰǧɽ硢컯ɽ綼ħ̫һУΨ֣ܿУϣλͷǰлǿУ
Ȼֵģ
ͷ˷쳣ץסһݡ
ǴʱûѡӦǣҲǶԸǿУº㣡
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˹ȡˣǵ˼˽֪ǬҲ졣
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תھͷʱȴҪ𰸽ˡ
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ʱ˿̣оͷǧŽЩԪͷ޳ɣûһ˷ԡ
컯֮УͷԪӰ˵ҵû⣬λ֣Ը̫һħ磬ɱǿУٹ⣬ⰲ
ͬˣ
Զ֮УǬɽ绹кܳһξ룬ڱԵ֮Уͷ˿
̫۵ɽһδβУȻǿ֣һܶԸ̫һ棡
ȻҲСģ
˶ΪѾƫⷽһ仰ֱð亹˻ȥ̸ûоܾҲûͬ⣬Ȼȴڰ;͵ϮҵȣɽЩˣڼԼȴһЩ֮£
ɽ˲ţʱҲģΪûѡ񣬼ȻţҲҪǣۺ˵ŮͷȻҲһĨ⡣
Ȼʥڱ̬֮¾һܺӣҲǰǶҲ紫֮аħ˻ʵǿ߽ӴЩ꣬˽⵽ˣûжͬȻɽȴڳ壬ʵҲΪѹȷԼšλ

ͷ˵Ŀ⣬˻죬ԼǿߣҲħ
ħûд֮ǰ£Ȼħɷֻ߻ħѡ
λ֮ǰƻж۳ХһԶޣ͡
һʱһʥ澳ϣƯһ𣬴ˣ׼ɱǬɽ硣
Ҫˡ
Ǭɽ֮ϣǳգڣ̫һȻֹͣӡһĨЦ
ҶȡңС棬ұҲʱһУ仰ɱǣܵõ̫ʯȥδ磬ûٸһУ̫ʯջ磬̫һǳԽĴڣ
ԶǳҲͨˣֻǳѾˡ
ʦ𡭡ƺϢҲ·Ȼ֣һš
ΪʦУˣ˾ͺãͨʮɽ羫Ϊʦ̫һ澭Ѿɣˣֻ·һмһ˵ЦЦ
ֵĵǻɽˣǰΧɱǣ
̫һȻǳ͵˶ûжôģȻҲвγɣȥ׼ӭ棬ҲѣΪΪʦɱ̫ʯΪʦʹȥ磡
棬֮޳Ҳ˽ˣкħǿߣԼܣȻٹǬɽ硣
ͣˣ
ϵڣǬɽǿǣͻȻ˿ҹƲˣħǿҲȥ
ǬɽΣˣ
Ϊ˻ʡ̫ۡۡѩɱħ̫һ治òɳԸǣ
컯Ͻ֮ɫҲȥ
λϢƬ̣׼ɱȥ̫һָʤնɱˣǬ˷
ܳڶ
˼ǬɽĿǰΣ⣬ķɣҲ·𿴵֮նɱħǿʤһĻ
ȺϣΪԸǣһӣ
˿̣ɽ֮Ϲϵ֮У̫һ濪ʼӡٶȴδйĿ죺Ҷȡң֮ǰ̫һ澭һɽ籾ԴǿһЩɣ


3097 Ǭɽ
Ȼ죬Ǿǿ
̫һ͵Ĵ߶̫һ澭Ȿͷ޷ݵƹҫ
⾫ӿȥȻγһµʯ飬Щʯ鲻֪ӲҴճɫ棬ΪһĻʯ

꣬ʯ׹Ǭɽ硣
ǡꣿ
֣һڵ
ϵڣиʮϢɽǿǣͱϷƿշնĻʯ𺳡
󣡣
컯Ǭû뵽ƻΣʵȴǱ١
ͷǡǿʼæҴ߶Դͷ
вˣ֮ǰż֤컯ţһյһĻѾŵ÷·Ԥеʲô
ϵٴαɱƣҲǿֲġ
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ʯҲоϵһʱоǧɱټǬɽ羧ϵѾû
ϵڶǿߣʯò޷ǵѪĤӶ顣
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һҪסǿɽ˰
컯ǬͷźͷһͬԦϵ
̫һȴϷЦݣԣʲôǬɽ磬Ƕ֡
ȻԼʮϢǾϵͿʼ¡¡ı飬һʯŲɱɽ֮Уһ̣žϵ
ˣ
ɽûϣˣ
Ǭɽڣžϵһʯһ׹ɽ֮Уֻо
Щʯɽ磬ɱ
ھͷҲǿˣΪ
ǬǬߴžͷսɱЩʯ
Щʯ׹ɽٳǳءɽӻʧɽ粻֮Ϊ档
ͷǴ߶ɱȥЩʯʯͱʯ𿪣飬Դʥ۷ΪҲ޷Լʵסһʯ
ͷɱȥһʩչϻ֮ԸʯŶһЩҲлʯ׹棬ɽХ𵴣һʯдأΪ档
û뵽Ǭɽ磬ɽôͷҲ޷Ǭɽ磡
Ƿһն
ǿʯ龧ϵɱǬɽڲҲţǿǬɽ硣
һ̣κˣ¶ʶ̫һǿ
ˣ
ħ硢Ҳɱ˹
ССţĴٶɱȥۿҪħ硢ܴɱһ
ĴʱΪǰΪһʥſ硣
γɣɱħǿܣԷҲɱĹ̫ǿˣҲܾУ˲飬ûȥ
һЩħͷûٴγֻᣬͱǿûɱϾʥħͷ֮У󲿷Ҳʥ𾳡ʥڣٲǴʥ
ҪǴʥħͷܶܣͨħͷֻ֮ɥ
ħڶ࣬ҲʮħЩħ塢ħͷȵȵǿħͷ
䣡
˺ηʥͷˣħͷս棬ɱһ
֮ⷽǰ׼ҲЩ⧲еĻδʩչϻ֮ѾħͷɱУ͡
֮ǰеСħͷ̫һ棬Ĵǰ㣬ǰĻִ
˻ʡ۵ˣҲӪɱ
ʡߡˡ巽𡢶ʽϼӡĲȾͷҲɱС
ͼһγͼˣɱƣ
ĪаͨԡԪɸպγͬһִʩչϻ֮ȫռƣħͷɱĻᡣ
⨺̫ۡ۴Ż۱ˣһΧɱħͷ
ʱ˿̣ǷߣħֻɽռƻɱħǷ໹ܼʩչϻֻ֮һִʧᣬħͷɱһֲҼƻ
СݶԼģʱСϹݡҶȡңδ֡
Ůһɱǰ
ʦ𣬽һ̣ܶʱǷֿжĪȥ̫һ棬ǴվƣħһԸ̫һ棡ǰħͷܻڲɱħǷǧ֮࣬ռݾԵƣҶҲҴ⡣
Щ̫һ棬ӹһɽ磬ƵĿܣҲ顣
֮ǰмƻͷǷֿʩչϻ֮սһʼⷽҪʧء
ħ̫һ棬ɱһɽ磬Ҳ۽֪ħǿߣɽ硣
Щ
ңϳ֣ʩչͨһƶ֮˲ʮħǿߡ
ʵԻ̫һ棬ǵǿߡ
ҶҲȥǿߣԸħ


3098 ս
棬ȡ
ͻȻħǿ汼Ϯ
Ҳ࣬һͷ֮ϣʮԵعһħǿߣǴʥΪħʵǿӵʥ澳
ƾǣɱңעǵıУҵģ
һЦʵֵһᡣ
ԷԦħϼعħǿߣ߶ħںϣΪħɷҪʴ档
ӡֻħɱǰʱͻȻħͷϷ·ǧ״ӡ
䣡
ӡ͵ħǿߣȻֻһưˣȽħͷ飬Ѹ֮ħһ
ĳ࣬Ĳˡ
ЩɶǾһսȻܶˣպռЩʥ桢ʥǿΪʥҩôģ
ӡ֮е⣬û˷ѣӡЩڷӡ
ô
Ǭɽ磿ֵһᣡ
ɽǷ
ʯʧ󲿷֡
Ǭɽ羧ϵնɱ˲ٶˣɽ컯ɽǰֲ档
ԣǬɽ컯ɽ״̬öˣϾһֻʯǿʩչϻ֮赲Ƿӡ
ٷӡЩ棬ֻԷپɽ籾Դտݽߣ
ϵ󲿷飬ڲ󣬻оͷ
ǬǷֿжϾõħɱΪ˻󲿷ħǿߡ
ʵ
Ūˣ
ĵˣʲôħ磬ЩܣΪ˼Ҳûһ˿ֲ̬Ǿ̫һ档
۷壬Ӳ˶վ۷壬һվ۷壬һһ磡
ǬɽŴǿߣħ类Ĳ࣬Ϊܣ
̫һѾڴ߶̫һ澭ԪֲǬɽ֮УûһϢ
Ԥʾţ˺Ϣ֮УҲ
̫һ沢żǬɽ磬ǬɽϹʱĻ羫Ҫġ
Ҷȡң桭żЩҲ޷Ըǣ
ʱŴ߶̫һ澭Ǭɽ翿
̫һ棡
컯ǬȾͷǶע̫һ涯ͷǾı
̫һ沢δֱɱǬɽ磬ͷ̫һ澭ɰɽ羫
Ԫ죡ӻ澭ͷԪ̫һӡ·ӡڱ
⣬ǹŹ֡µԪ񡭡
һЩͷһ΢΢ԪϢԪǿҡ
ҵСģԿԪƣȻɱȥֱɱ̫һ棬ܵȥ컯֮ǰѾй֪ǿԪƣͷǵġ
ǡ
ͷԶԿԪٿĿǰסǴ󲿷ͨˣȴ޷ġ
ʥˣǷ׷Ԫ޹֮£Ԫ飬Գ̫һ־
ΪԽͨˣԽ޷ֵԪƣΨɵϵˣʱơ
ݣ
ս֮УħͷڣһŮӳ
̤գֳ񽣣ͷŰ⻪˿
楡
һӰͬʱӱħѪ֮߳
濴ǻӰ֮е楣֪Լģһ̳ǻٵġ
極ͷŽΧһЩ飺棬̤ɽ粻ãҾͳΪͷһδ޷ɱ㣬Σûлˣ
ҵȷ˽ԹƽĺܣȻԺҲ֣楴ͥɱͥԸһĻĻ
棬ǴǷɽģɱȻԶȵ
Ϊ楻Ǹͨߣ㲻ţһɱ㣡楿Զɱʢ
ɣ楣
沢δʩչɽ
ʵǿʦĿ࿴Ҳû뵽ڽһͳⷽ⣬Ϊ𣬿ϧҪУӴⷽ⣬ûֻŮ۵ĴڣٶȶȻ楼񽣹ҫΧħǿ޷ۡ
һЩʥǿߣҲ޷ֱӽâ
Ůӣ
Ǿӣ컯Ż۽ɵ£ֳΪ̫һӵ楣
Ů治򵥣Ҳ
ɱĽƣѾ˿ֲⷽǿע⵽楾ŮһĴڡ
²̫һӣҲѾɽ֪Ϊǻ۵Ůˡ
Ȼδɱɽֻǽͷţ񽣺̺ܲ˱ԭˣӡƬԼ羫Ȼ̫һΪƣ
ʦδ磬һףʥ֣Ҳʦһͷĵ֣֪ʦ񽣣Ѿӡ£棬ӡҲҵĶ֣
ಣ
楳Хһֹ֮Խգ·ûκʵ壬ۿһն档


3099 楣ϣ
Ŀ죡

ϧһٿ죬ǰٶǰûжвһ
ǿգȻǿҲһյѺۣһԻɱκʥ澳
û뵽̫һ潫Ϊ˵ز컯ǬǧҲĶ֣
һ棬һȷһɱԻԪĲҲ˰ɡ
ЩȻʥ澳̤ʥ澳ܶԪΣûдĻ羫ΪԶҲ׷ʥˡҲͬʦΪֲ´羫ⷽ⾫棬ѾԽ㣬ٶٲҲҵĶ֣
ǳǹ͸޾ơ
極ճڣѾɱǰǴ߶񽣣֣ɱ׽âҪ档
ȷǿ󣬿ϧҲԭ̤
һΣ沢Ϊ㣬ֱӡһӡڽ֮ϡ
һ¡𵴣̫Ե£ǳ֮ѹӡԽиƬ
˫һ൱ӡ飬Ҳ֮ҲĲ࣬ν൱
棬ʵȻҲȵ컯ǬЩͷˣ楲棬ٴС
ǿߣֻҪһ֣һ棬ܿԷʵ
楶Ǻ˽ģٶƣ極ʵжǿһʵ
𣬾ڴʱգӡδȫʧնһâɱϷ񷣬ҲиЩռп
楣һпռ䣬ɿռ֮ϽҪնɱң
ϷһĻ·ѿһͷҪ˺顣
ʵǿұȻҪȻնɱ뵽仯Ҳ˾ˣΪ˦󣡡
ռѺۣһռɽѹ
ʱ沢δ֮ǰӲӲʩչٶһڽâռ˺֮ɱ֮ʣ
ӣ
楹Ȼ˽ġ
ҲԼʵģ֪һԱƵм֮Ȼѡߡ
˲䣬ҲΪǿδͣ£｣ն¡

ʯ䣬һӡǰպҲסֻǱ΢΢һЩ
楺⣬ûгԾһ棺ӲˣʦҪɱ㣬Ҿͱɱ㣬ɱ㣬ҳΪⷽŮۣȻʦ뿪ȥ磬Ҫսδ磬ҲҪΪŮۣ
楡
Ůۣ
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ΪδŮۣ
ܽһ̼Χɱ棬񽣲ɱκһҲ׶೤ɱΧռ䣬пƬ
ΪŮۣ̫棬̫һ滹Ǻǿ󣬵ҲδҲڴ磬֮ΪĴڣ楣ҿ㵱ͷˮһգ
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ֻһͨӣŴɱ㲻ɣ𷣣ԽʧȥᣬձҷСϵ뾡ӣҪȡСΪ۵Ůˣ컯ǿ󣡡
ʵˣǻ۵ֻŮ澣컯Ÿ߲Ҳֻһ߰ˣһֱõڵܣҲ̫ʯطȻǱص壬ΪŮΪȡط޷տ³Ȼ۸ң
ΪδΪԼƺۣδʦ𣬴һ̣ҼʦǿҲ֪ʲô壬ʲôۣΪ峤ʲôΪ컯ʲô
棬޷һŮӣΪ棬ΪϣΪߵ澡ͷѪ׶ʲôõģֻҪܵõʵҿ伫
ˣįΪ塢컯ŵҶҪɱһգƽҵеŭ𣡡
棬楽˻ߣÿһֶԪ
˵ָŻۣȣ£ۣ
ֻۣܹ£
ЩȻƽ楣ĲףᣬΪҲǷߣҲǴӷˣһߵ죬Ҿ಻٣ҲûԹ˭ԹΪ޷ıҲ޷ɻ֣ʲôеˣΨԼȥŬƴһУ
ҽΪԼδɣӽ
ӹµĻۣŭһᣬն¡
Լɱӡûкˣ˫Թ˫ۣҪ㿴ԼҲǿӵΪǷߣ


3100 楣£

ԱĽ棬ǿʵնӡ

ף񽣱Ľһնɱκʥ档
ֲʥ̺֮ĽӰһͬӡϷըը˲䱻ûƵģһֲ̺̫
棬ûҽΨһǿУٽһ
֮УݺᣬʵΧǧգһԨĺɫ
һ񽣴߶ϼƿϼ楣ƺС
ݣݣݣ
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Ҫɱңƾ㻹У楡
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͵ĴϱâƣҲػУƷ·񽣼Ԧ楷ɴ˫ͫն档
ǿ״̬ҲҶ֣
ʱ̣һƳ˵ӡȴһνɱ楣񽣹ƣһ飬Ĺһǽѹϣֱӽ֮⡣
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ֻһܻ楣δʩչôӴͨǷ豹棬ͨͨҲڴУӳױȵ
ҡȻˣ
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Ǳ̫һǰ񣺡ӡӸʦˣʵԳԽӡ
㲻ĲȻҪԿֻһʿҶȡңţΪʦץһʥǿߣΪˣ
û뵽̫һ沢δƺ뵽

һֲϻ֮Ϊһ׿ֲĽǬɽ֮ڽɱһĥǿ
Ҷȡңʵǿ٣ʵΪʦΪʦҲҪǬɽ籾ԴŻ˽棡
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ʦ𣬵ģһֲ̫Ҳһϡ
̶ˣΪʦɽ˵
̫һʱδѡɱƣһЦֻһ楣ԪӰԽǿա
Щͷƽ׷ɱȥ˴龧ϵ֮УǬɽ硣
̫һȻֵĶ֣
Ԫͨȷֲ̫ǿǱ׷ɱˣǬɽ磬Ǭƿɽ֮ܣɱˣ
׷׷
ڵľͷǣǵɴ˫ֱͫӰɽ񷣬ҲԦ󲻸Ҷ׷ȥȻֺϻ֮״̬ǧͷǿɱȥ
֮ʥ涼в٣ʥ࣬ǧʥ֪ʩչϻǶôˡ
׷Ǻεȳ
ĿǬţ
׷֮ϣǬǰǵΪʢŭɲǬŻС
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ǵõĵȷ鱨̫һ湥һɽ磬ĳַɽڲոմ߶Ǳ飬̬ܽǬɽ羧ϵ飡
ǿ߹ԨâΪɭϡ
Ѿ컯ɽ磬㹻ɱǬɽ磬ƱҲΪɽ羫ܸоҪӴпɱ򣬶ȡΪľ
ͷʥԪۣˮһ𣬿ǬɽҲǺ·Ҳ̡
ڳǿ߽̫һǶǿᡣ
̫һǿ򿹺⣿ϰʥͷԴҲǳԽκɽģնɱ̫һ治⣡оͷ䳰
ʥԪֵȷԽ컯ɽ硢Ǭɽ̫࣬ʥʱգɽ˿пܣնɱ̫һ棬»˻ʡۡǣ


3101 ޵
Ĭţþ֮󣬲ٵһᣬԨ׼һ֣ʱһɱ֧Ԯɽˣ治̫һ棬һҪ컯ǬǧȾͷˣǾĪܣ
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Ǭɽ籾Դ֮¡
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ͨͨɣ
̫һӡŰ˷˫һϡ

һЩ˳֣Щ˶ͬûк͡
ԭȫǱ̫һ棬߶̫һ澭ԪֶΣնɱˣƳΪܡ
ǴǬŽ磬ҲɳˣҲϢ޷֮£Ͳ̫һԪ֮µǿߡ
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رԴڣ
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ڴ֮ǰ̫һδɺϻ֮濹⣬ǱʶΪ˶ڣϻ֮ȫԸ̫һ棬²նɱҲѹ
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ʱ˿̣컯ǬȾͷǣѾǾʧ룬֤ǿһ̫һ飬ѾΪĻ궼ûˡ

Ǭɽ磬̫һĿܣɱɡ
룡
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ϻ֮˳ɱɷһڳ˽һʱѵ֮ʣնɱ̫һ棬ɽ˽Ӵʧ
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ϻھͷ߶£һųµԲÿһƾȥǬΧϱΪ棬ǬڲҲα顣
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̫һ治̫һ澭ͷףɺϻɱ֮±飬̫һһ˲ԿɽˣҲܿһɽ硣
ΪһǬڣЩֻҪɵΪûκм֮֮ҲûУǬӳȥҲˣϾʥ澳ͷܽǬŶ飬οЩͨӡ


3102 Ԯ
ڵضɽҡյھ˽±飬˲䱻˺ƬǻΪ촷ۡ
ٵӺ߲ԮڲһЩʮʥ·ȴҲֻԱĻȥˡ
ҵĵҵĵӡǬǬڴ֮УŶǬŸֻŵ𽥸Щǰ
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ʥ棬ҲɱȥκһҲûһ˿գס̫һһ
Ǭڸִڱ֮У뱨Ҳֻвϴ߶ϻƣ̫һɱ

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⨺ˡۡЩϹŶһҲǼǳԽ󲿷ʥ澳ǿ⨺ˣʵӦóԽ󲿷ֽ̫ۡҲǵ֡
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ǿ߹ԨԼʥ澳ͷżǿߣͷâǬɽ硣
Ԩ߶һӡǬɽ磬ͻȻͷԪӡ֮У˾ͷǣɱǬɽ磬һ֮ͷ׼Ǭɽ磬򣡡
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˼֣֮ǰҲ˷ܣɷ󲿷ǿ߽Ǭɽ磬û֧ԮվĻ䣬Ҷ֪ǿ֣ʵԽɵ̫֧࣬Ԯ


3103 ԲǶ֣ϣ
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ڣǿɲϽӡʼ岻ǿٶЩȴԽһ¡
ͿεȻ̫һ渺ֶȻڵȴС
Լ㣡
ԭϼƴǿԼ߶ģ·Ϣһ㣬Ҳڰ󣬲ͻȻٴαֲ
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컯ŭĿХ⣬նɱˣͿ̫̿һ棬ɣ


3104 ԲǶ֣£
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ϻڵľͷǣ֮ǰ΢˷ܣͬˣҪɱ̫һ̫ޡ
̫ˣһδɱÿһǿֲģûлɱ̫һ棬γǧޱߵķ棬һ죬ӣڼĲϻȥ
ȥһʱ䣬ƻֱģȻƿģǬɽ֮ʱ
һٶལɱʱڣɼԦĺϻȻɱһ˵Ľʼû̫һγв
һ̵Ŀ⣬ɫ΢΢仯
è׽Ϸڽ֮ܣֻԽɣΪǿߺϻ֮Ѿ֮ǰ֮С
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ټԳ׷棬ޱ޼ʣǬɽͻȻȥһ飬ǧķ棬̫ˣǬɽƻġ
ɵⷽû뵽Щֻ㼯һ̫һնɱɽҲν
Ѿ޷˵ңҳܶٴιƣֵ˰ɣ̫һ澹ȻʮϿռٷ
ɱ
ǿǣȻӡɱһ
̫ף
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׹֮ϣ͵γɡ
⣬컯֪̫һĿֲ׹˸ıӡǡ
׵绯Ϊ磬ƺǬɽ֮һ߳壬׽ɱںһɱ
ϻҲɱȻףͱպ飬ʣ׹Ҳɲǻкϻûбڲǿ߽˲Ѫ
׷²Ե뽣ɱʱ󲿷ĵкϻ󣬾Ȼ˲ˡ
Ҳɼһ׻֮ôֲǿһЩ
ôǿ˳̶ȣ
ʮ֣ǿߣϻ֮Ȼһˣһ֮
֮УپͷĿ࣬Ҳв˸ϽɵҩǲѪ
Ǭɽ˷ҲдȴŽƿһĻҲ͸ˡ
ǬΪ̫һ澭һϱ౻ǱԪɱΪܡ
ԽԽ٣ǬžͿʵ
˵ǬţǬɽ֮һҲѾ˫ɱƻγɵΪ˷档


3105 糱
벻ҲõģǲȻҪսǳֱǣͷԨûˣϾϻδ飬ֻһ־ͷˡ
Ԩ߶üӡǿҲˡ
ʱâһǿΧͷţȡâޱ財
ΪɱǬָֻ֮ǰɱ컯ˣôʼ߶ơ
â·ΪǬɽâԴȪǬɽˣâŴ
壿ǹ壬ȷ壬Զûoĸ߶ȣ֮УһλҲԺɨƬС磬ʥҲͨλĶ֣
̫һȴΪȻЦţ
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¡¡ϷսİĹ
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һâںϵĽâɱϻһ̣ƽ𽽹ɡ
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̫һ淴ЦЦһ״âһĻԺ°ա
ݣ
ϳ壬ɱðճֺڶĴѺۡ
䣡
ǻ׺һ뽣ɱһɲǱը·һźں̺Ǻ֮бըһ㣬ĿۣΧ˶Щ޷ֱӡ
ըͷųԷһеˣ˾ǳʱɨ˷Ǭɽ񷶼Ϊ˷״̬Ҳڳɫ֮£оǬ綼ڷ֮໺ʧ
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ݣ
߳壡
ɾ໥ҧһźײγɵ˱֮ǰκʱҪֲ
ʱֻһɱһ𣬱һԴͬ׹ԵĶ࣬пƽ

ǿߣܿն˲䣬ϻââͻȻΪһ޴ıʯ

̣һƽâһ飬һ־ǵֱ֮£Ŵ׹кϻ
һââں϶籦ʯĹâ׹¿ʼ飬ûȫ飬ڲʮˣÿ˶һ屻ѹƵġ
ۣ
󲿷Ѫɵ۵ʥˣʥҲùΨʥ𾳡ʥʥһЩ컯ǬǧԨЩͷҲˣֻƲذˡ
λǲò󣬵ûصа۱ʥ
Ԩһ̣ÿˡ
ɱһˣһѵľǬ˷·ࡣ
һ̣ǿ߽еһвںϣϻȻϷʧΪһâ̫һ˶ҫ۵Ļƽǣ̫һ档


3106 ȥδϣ

ʬ壬ɽͷǸϽùڻٶǬɽ񷡣
һЩ˻ʥԼϣȣȻûһȥȣһѡ
Ⱦǣ
Ǭŷ󷽣вٵӡ˴ǾȻԼ䡢ߡ
˼ȣǣ
ߣ֮С̫һҲЩ塢ߣһȴ׷Ҫ׷ȥҲס
ϾǰǿֲɱͻȻһƣһģһɻâƾһȻǿֲâ𿪡
ǹâȻըһνǬɽû
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컯ǧǬǬߡԨЩ˶Ǭɽ磬Ȼǰˣ̫һ棡
ɽ֮ǳһ߾ħͷʬ֮зɳ棬䳰Ⱥ΢СˣͷܣǱ
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ΪɱŤתƣȴû뵽ֽȻʣǹ¾ս
⨺ˡ˻ʡ̫ۡۡۡۡЩħͷɱǿǣǴд㵡
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СӣһģҪʱ֪ͨǣɱ̫һΪأһħȻ˻Ԩ
˼ʣ˻ԶսХ
ȵȣһɱ̫һ棡⨺Ҳһǵ
ͷҲ׷һͷԪ
ת˲䣬ͿСϹݡͨԡӡɡԪ˲ֲᣬͷΰλ̫һһսҲϣλܾǬɽ粼ôǱȻҪҺϻ֮նɱ̫һ棡
ҷֹܻɱǿУ
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˫ͫˣ˸оɽΪһ壬ûһ˿ϢƯԱһľ飬Կֲٶɽ籾Դ
ִƹϵ飬·ټǬۼǱħɷԪĿܡ
վھһ̫һ棬ǿһ㣬Ϣ΢΢һЦͬѣҶȡңȺǶʱ

Խ񷣬֮ǰ˫ֲҲܽͨɱձ㿴ǬɽһǷǻΪһսʬζŻǬɽͨ˲ڽ֮С


3107 ȥδ£
ⲻͬڷսٲҲʬ
֮£ҲҲ볾Ϊһ塣
ܶ˲ģǬɽ磬컯ɽ磬֣ҲǱ
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ңʵҶˣȫҺ˶ô꣬˭ռˣ˭ûУҺǿڻƽ֮󣬽ǵĻԽմ񣡡ԽԽˣ̫һͬɡ
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ʦ˵Ķԣʦ֮󣬵õʦ𴫳УڴһУʦʲô£δûʦܣʦֻǷԱҲӰ죡ʱ˿̣ңҲƳ
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ǻҪδ֣նɱ̫һ棡Ҷң֮ɫʧȥ
ת˲Ǭɽǰ̫һҲף룬˫ʵɱ˲Ϣ
楻ָֻ֣ƽʱŮӢ棬ȡҺôǷߣҲ֣Զʦ֣ڳʦδ
һܵĵϷ·ҪûˣܵźĿ˸ս⣺ߵһ楣ѵûʦ˭ĳˣ
̫һһץ̫һ澭ӲǬŲ
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̫һԼЦݣ˵棬˵ĺܶԣ벻С磬ˣ꣬˲ʼ̫һ䲻ⷽ磬ʶټʿǿԣҲټУȷϧҲδ֮Уûӣ
ӣǷȴҲ㵱У̫һȷǴ󲻷ʱնϢһħ磬һ·ɨһɽ磬棬ϧѣ֮У󣬵Ҳ֮޵
ҶңǴգ׷ɱƬ⣬Ҫ棬Ȼһҽնɱ棬ᵽڶ̫ʯٻصδնɱǣȡе̫ʯ̫һƺûĴڣΨδҶң
Ȼ֪Ѿڶ̫ʯδҲ֪ʦ̫ʯںϣ
֮УңͻأЦݡ
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Ҷȹҡͷʦ̫һɱǱ̰취ȥ磬̫ʯںϣĪȻɱ̫һ棬ǽڲںϣǿں̫ʯʱӵ̫ʯԽȥδնɱ̫һ󣡡

˲Ϣ绻˸ˣսڶ̫һ棬δҴȥڴ˷
ȥѾʷԪ֮У棬ڱԣͲڣӣһͬڴˣ
̫һ̫һ澭楣Իȥ
ʦһ֮׷
˶֣ڵţΪʦնɱˣ
԰Ե˵̫꣬һΧܣ󷽣ƽǿߡ
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ңĿһ桢Ҷ֮ɶƵģһ˳һɻǷ籩ſֲʥƺȥ
ң
Ƿ籩ϯһѹ̫һ޷ǰֻͷűǰ籩⣬嫴Ϊű֮˲ϢֹǷ籩ϯٶȣΪס


3108 ̫ʼ澭

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Ǭɽ߿Ϊ飬ҲըѳٺڶĻѺۣ֮ǰ˺ϻ֮Ҳ
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ڶȡһħ磬ռӡӶ᱾ԭˣȻҲ㣡
ңϢ縡·ʧȥʵ塣
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Զ֮ңǲҵĶ֣̫һգһָһɹɻ߽֮ɱΧң
ң˫˴һɹɷˣ֮飬ɱ֮ˡ
̫һף
һӡ̣̫һ񷣬ݺһץ׾ָһѹң


͹ƣңҲ˫˴򣬻˻Ϊצץһס
ʱ׸߿ղɽ緢ĻըѣǬɽٴš
һҪնɱ̫һ棡
û뵽ǬŲлЩˣԼǬɽޱˣϣնɱ̫һ档
ɽԻữΪ
֮У̫һˣɱֲҪ׽ң𡮹˫ɽƺ֮ڳԨ
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ܿң΢΢̫һһЩǿ̫һʵĿ棬Ҷͷơ
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桢ҶңΧһںϣʱǬɽͷſͨɣҲܿ־ټɽ͸
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ⲻǿռͨҶȲԼʵԴﵽʥ˸߶ȣκʽ˲䣬»Ϊ
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Ȼ棬һۣһɽ磬ȻһɽʣתۻΪ״̬һǺ֮С
Ҷͼֲ֣ʦʿԽǿ岻᲻ϳԽʣڷ磬һ̣Ҳ׿ΪʥҲһۿ͸һɽ磬ΪʥʵͲǿ͸һɽ磬ʶ塢Ѿ𽥳Խ⴦С磡
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ҲܣˣҶʮֽ
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
Ψһݣ⡮ͨĴ
Խ˷Խͨ컯ĶԿס̾
֮飡
Ƕˣգ
̫һ治֪տܶһͨʵ桢Ҷȡңǲġ
̫һ澭͵һ̫һ߶Ȿ飬һγ˲𵴡
ݣ
һĨâ⺮һ̫һ澭ɳܿ컯ΪһױɵıƬ
ң֮ͫУǿһգ̫һȻʩչֶˣġ̫ʼ澭
̫ʼ澭
ʦ֣ƣʩչϵҶҲǳ̫ʼ澭Ĳ
Ψ治֪Ӧǰɽ񷣬ѾΪһֱ״̬·һѩɽҪγɡ
̫һ澭ƬƬȻŴ󣬾ȻϿջΪһ״ı飬Ǳ֮У緢γɱѩݣǱһ̰黯Ϊ֮ңɱˡ
ЩɱգǬɽ񷶼ʼΪ̫ʼ澭ĺʼֱ״̬ɼЩ
޴ӣҲܺˣŭ֮űƬɱռ⣬²ɱҲᱻ⣬ңԦ˫͵һģ˷ȥ


3109 ۷֮ս
ڿҧȥɱ֮Ϊѩһʱűлˣꡢˡ
ɱ֮УټѩУһб⣬ǻˡ
桢Ҷȡң˺ϻ֮쳣Ӵױģ˱־£յñҲڻ
ԴԴɱһֲҪûˣҲҪ˺ɱơ
ֻǻ˷ոΪҴײ죬жٱɱжٻϯɡ

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ʥںϴӡڿӰӣҲǴߴм֮пһЩƬ棬̫һʥһȣ̫һʵʵ΢һЩ
̫һȴڵ̷ͨ棬ҪԽʥˣϾΪԶԶʥˣ̫ʼ澭ԶԶʥ˴κιԼͨ
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Ҷңû뵽Ƿ⴦磬ûжãʵָ˾ˣ֣뱾ʵѾûٲ࣬ñ⣬Ӧ֪ͨǶ޵У
̫һ淢Ц
ӡٶ͵Ĵ˫֮мӿ죬ٶԽԽˣӿ̫һ澭ںϡ
ͣ
һЩ澫Ȼ̫һ澭֮бһƣƿȥڰеı顣
һͨ˲һ֪Ҷ˵ʲô˼ɴ˿̫һȻֶ̫Ρ

һɽĺ
ǿֲĻͻȻᣬںϳһ޷ݵĹϵ飬ǵ࣬Ҳнʮ޴󣬵鲻ͬһջĻ飬ͨ죬ҽɡ
¶˲
Ǻεȵֲ̫ˣоԷһУ
֪Ϊɽ˶ܸĶӣǬҲ֣
Զ˲ڰڹע˫
֮һЩȱ⣬ȻڻΪֲ̫
濴ŵڶ飬Ưڸ߿գδֲ湥ƣ뺮γһ˺ˡ

ǱѸײڶ֮ƣ嫹ɫ̣ɽ𵴣һţСҲɣԼʮɣʯӵɳⷽƬ
һٵ
ңżȻ̫һֶǺġ
˷ջ״̬֮У˫˴켣һЩ仯˴Ļ棬ΪŤ״һڿڻ䵶ԶһĻɱա


3110 
һٵɱЩ׹Ļ棬飬Ϊ׹Χء
̫һҲǿ󣡡һĻҶ֮УǰɽʱսǷա⡢˺״̬ɫ糣
ӦΧΪأռ֮Ҳʩչռ䴩Ҳ޷Ƭֲռ䣬Ϊռ䶼ݺᡣ
Ψһ취֣ʩչϻ̫֮һȥֱԷпܽɱȥ
ⲻ֪Ϊ飬˫Ѿʩչͨ˫Χգڻ𣬶˷Ѿ޻ΪһټӣҲӽģȥ˫һɽ绯Ϊ棬컯ɽ
ΧǬɽ룬ѾγһڶĹն棬˫ʧ
顢̫ͨһ̫һ澭߶£֮ǰԵ
˼Ǻ޴Ϣ֮Ϊ鹥಻ϣʩչɽľȻȺľ
ֿܵ飬Ǳ𣿡
˼ʣ̫һ泤Х֮ƾ
еͨɫһ
ң꣬ں̫һ棬㲻Ǳ㱾Դ߶һ飬ҿֻܴ߶飡
ܴ߶˲ĵ飿濴Ҷȡ
̫һ̫ʼ澭δ֮УдֶΣ̫һӿʼУԵΪƳ̫һ澭Ҳʹ̫ʼ澭
̫ʼ澭һ飬ֱǱ顢顢顢顢飬̫һԪմģῪٳĵ顣
̫һӶ磬ɱ֮УЩǿʵ죬ȴ̫һ澭Լ̫ʼ澭սһǿ壬Ϊ֮Уһǿߣ
Ҷ渵°ɫҲٴһĨȻ
ǿ
ǿڻޣ̫һҲǿɲһǿ

һķ𵴣ͻȻսĳ
ǰ̫һʩչֶΣ߶̫һ澭һɹаķ籩аͻȻΪһķ籩У񷡣
飡
ݣ
ǵж顢֮⣬ͻȻŴ󣬷籩Ϊһϵĵͨ齻֯

ɲǣݺ߿ʮĵ֮УɱһɹʮɴСķۣЩ̾Сͷ籩
籩ɱγɲͬǬɽֲռֹѣԺɱκʣ˵ʿ
˿¹ƣңɳɱ湥ƣٴγɽХĲɱ
˫̫£һƬ׹֮УҲʮʧɽĿն棬ϷŴ
飬ҲܶԿһᣬ鹥ƣδ翴ưԵ£ɱƶ
ңԵ΢Цţ컯ΪһԶŹ
̫һ棬Ѿ£УҲ̫󣡡ҶҲɫ糣
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벻ˣʦͨԿ˵ز̾
Ϊ˭ʱСڹȥ⣬ϾǳưʮԪĴڣΪ𣬵һԪճҶң
̫һƺе⣺ٿҶңȥ磬ڼʱ䣬üԪУʹﵽָ߶ȣʣҶǣȻöԸ
極ʦΰһնɱˣֻʱ⣬ǲ֣
ΪʦģȻΪʦǰǲǶ֣ΪʦռԴƳ̫һ澭ɱǱȻģȴûо̫һĵ
ǰһƺƿ֮УܶԿֵزҲδ̫һҷִ磬˵ģаնɱˡ
鹥ңѾ˱ǧ˫ǧ֮䣬ͨ໥ɱغڡ
Ǭɽ˺嫣̫ʱĹɽ磬ʼӲҲӲס˫ͨ
벻ˣ鹥£ǻֵܼڣ̫һڰĵһЦ
ҶȵգһȣܶȡӡԼԭˣȻҲа취ʵ̫һ棬õ̫ʯһգ
Ǵӿʼڣֻˣֶܼã
̫һЦȻֹ˲Ϣֿʼӡٶ֮죬һ楶޷
ˣ
̫һ澭ֿʼӿһţ·иֲ


3111 ɽĲģϣ
ʩչı顭ңΪ϶Ҳףٳһ飬̫һҪռһ档
ˣ
Ȼһ̫һ治ʩչı飬ǽӡ֮Χֺ֮Լ籩
Ʒ·顣
ӳַ֣籩
̫һ쳤Х
ֻȻֹͣ顢Ҳһ
ϢֻУ顢ͻȻҲɲǣķ籩֮һû˱
鹥ƾȻһ̣ںһ𣬻Ϊһɻ籩Լһɺ籩
ɷ籩Խֲʮ޴󣬾Хţ뺮Ϊɻ޷ɹ籩ɱڵķա
ʦܣǿңɫסܻϢ·Ҳʧˡ
̫һǽԼĵʩչ£ʵˣ쿪㶯̫һ澭
濴󣬲İ籩漴ӡʩչǿΣ
ף
ݣ
ٴںϣһβңΪҶΪ롣
ӡ֮ɱɷ籩һһһ·ɱռ䶼飬ͨѾ޵С
߳壡
ۿɷ籩ɱȴһףȻûκ£׹£籩
׹ۣ𵴡
籩ȴû뵽籩֮ս飬Ȼ׸޷Խ籩籩֮֮ϡ
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꣡
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Ҷ󣬶ʱҡͷڶԸħ磬ܶʱܳߣ̫һ߶̫һ澭һҪ֮Уκһ˵ǲðգΨȫһ
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ٴںϣԽ棬Ҷȵڴ˲֪ʥ̫ɽɱһֲ
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̫һ澭Խ޴󻯣Ϊʮ嫣ƯڶǬɽ֮ϡ
֮
ͷųâԼâ̫һںһ¯ߴޱȡ
ӡ֮󣬴̫һ澭֮УȻɱ籩籩֮ںһΪһɳ׵ķֱ˸Ƕȥ֮ܿգɽռȫ𵴡˺ѡ
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µ˼£ʱ˿̣ӦǬɽռʧȥƽ⣬Ե֪̫һ澭Ŀֲ
һɷ֮ȫԻɱκһˡ
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ʥ̫ɽ
Ҷӡ桢ңһͷ
ŶԶ̫һ棬ۿŷ֮Ҫɱˣȴû뵽һԶâ

һƽʯɵľɽͻȻ֮ϣ˲仯Ϊǧ嫡
䣡
֮ǡûгֵʥ̫ɽΪʥ̫ɽ̫嫣һ־ѹ˷֮ϣ߽֮ըѡ
ǡǴ֮е̫ɽ𣿡楿ɽ֮С
ȷ̫ɽΪʦںڰԨʱֻǾЩԪ̫ǿңҲδȥϸϸӦû뵽̫һҲϳ̫ɽΪħ磬ȥġ
ҶХ̫һ棬̫һ澭ҵҲֻܻƳ̫һ澭ڵ
ҾͲţǶ̶ʱ䣬Ƴǿ棬׵ɱ̫һٴδ߶̫һ澭


3112 ɽĲģ£
ݣͣ
ںϵĹƣ貵ӣɱʥ̫ɽ

˿ʥ̫ɽҶ͵һĳ
ֻڶϢˣ֮ͻʥ̫ɽպɽҲһƣ˲ײռѣȻײϯ˷ء
ˣ
Ҷ桢ңŷ֮飬Ҳʥ̫ɽƴһײ֮Ҳڶ˴𵴡
ٿأײγֱߴֱƻȻʮأҲѿˣֺڶ硣
󷨱޵Уɽ綼֮С
滯֮δˣֻЩ飬̲ס̫һ澭û뵽˻صһĻ
̫һ汾֮һâѹƵңЦһ
̫һӶ᲻֪Դ̫ܽһ澭Ƴ˵زղһûʥ̫ɽµ£ҲˣҶ侲Ưţ׼֡
ʦû£
ҲΪԾ̫һӦ̫һ澭Ļ
޷ּΪ̫ɽϾ̫ɽʥ˵ɵģ־һԪ֮Ѿ󲿷֣ʣ
̫һڨڨЦͻȻһ飺Σǵͷ·һ

ֿʼӡ̫һ澭ֱɳ죺
꣡
һɻ籩ϯ籩֮ǰںϵķ籩ǿ̫ˣϯȥնڷգκͻΪ˳Ϣ챬

Ҷȡң߶ʥ̫ɽֱɽƶǰٶԽԽ죬ʥ̫ɽƶĹ켣Ҳɽռҡ
籩о⣬˶֮ʣγɵ֮
䲻̫֮һ
һ֮籩ҲȻϵԼں⾫֡
ΪѾܽɽ֮ڵԼɽ֮֮С
ڴˣ·һ嫣籩ɽ߿նȼա
䣡
оƶʥ̫ɽ
ǧ嫵ʥ̫ɽǻ籩ˣǱըĻ籩Ƭȴû̫ɽ
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Ǭɽ˫ͨ£Ѿ֧顣
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ɽһ֮࣬УɽˣҲо챻˲ٻ
ǿסڶأ
û뵽̫һ棬ûκٴνӡղǷ֮Լ֮Ǽʶһ·֮

̫һ澭ֶˣ̫һ治Ͻӡ֮оȻðɫϢ
һɷ籩𣬵籩Ȼһɶγɣɲͨ㣬ܷ
籩ٴɱȻʮһ֮еˮ֮ɱʥ̫ɽ
ȣ
Ҷȡңͬʱӡ
ʥ̫ɽٴײȥ֮ʣˮʥ̫ɽ˴
ʥ̫ɽȻҲΪ֮һˮ죬ռ飬Ҳ˻顣
̫ɽӡַȻ飬̫һǿ˵ز
֮У澪￴Զ̫һ档
˲δˣʥ̫ɽˡ
ҶȻָһԶǰҲ⴦С۷̫һʱѾվʥˣĸ߶ȣ»Щ࣬ѾԽ⣬ʿǣ
ʦܣ֮ǰû뵽뿪磬ٻصС磬Ȼ˳̶ȶ֮ңΪҫۡ
̫СС磬̫ͬһҲģΪƳɹ̫һ澭С磬֪̫ɽʵĴڣ˸̾һ
û뵽֮Ҳκβǡ
̫һɫҲδ˿̣纮֡
ʦ𣬲̫ɽǴ֮Уʥʥأ楣Ҳ
Σǳͨ籩޽
þ޷ˣ̫һ濴糣ʵͿʼţΪ̫õ̫ʯ
߶̫һ澭һɹɺ
ಣ
֮ͬʱҶȡңҲ߶ʥ̫ɽǰǹʽܼ򵥣ֱʥ̫ɽɱȥ̫һ澭Ǽ飬̫һҲˡ
֪̫ɽĲʣ㲻ķͨԶԶȲ̫һ澭ǷƷһȴʤ١


3113 ܾ

һѩ׷籩̫һ澭ӿȥϯĻɼΧǧﴦ𵴵ĸ߿գͻȻʼ⡣
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ҿӳǬɽ磬Ѿ˺ɽ磬ѿԽԽɽͻ᳹ױ飬Ƕᱻ
ӣ
Ǭɽ֮УһЩʵˣԿʼִ硣
䣡
ʱɽѰײһθɽ硣
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֮УҲٴܵ𵴣һҲûˣ̫֮ɽ߶
䣡
ټİգʥ̫ɽʱƱΧб߿գǿɱ̫һ档
ǿ
̫һһ࣬ѾͨҲ޷ɱˣʥ̫ɽ
ʦɱˣ楣һҲˡ

һģ·̫һ澭
̫һע̫һ澭֮Уһֻ֣תץȥ
ҪҡЩܣ̫һһץÿ̫һ澭ӿȥ
̫һƣǿġ˽Ըܵĺ嫣ʮ˰
̫һڵõʮ֧֣Щ޾ӿ̫һ棬Լ̫һ澭֮У·ɽҲС
ҶȺü罣ɱƶΣʥ̫ɽǼɣҲ̺֮
ʥ̫ɽ߷߿պƶȥ֩˺ѵɽռ䣬ռƬֱӱ׹䡣
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ҪҪҪ𵴣Ҫ̤ɽӣҪǬ
ɽ̫һŭХ֮
̫һ澭ɢҫۻΣһ׵ɱںһƺҲзɱףټɽ׹֮类һա
ͣ
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׻ʥ̫ɽɽһζˣҲ֮𵴡
һ½ɱÿһʥ̫ɽɽ޷ǰ̫ɽҲ顣
ۣ
Լʮ׻½ʥ̫ɽû뵽ңѪҲ۽ҲѪ
ҶҲѪ˾Ȼʥ̫ɽȴҲ֮ˡ
̫һȻ֮ǰԤϣǿ࡭໥ŶԷȻЩ㵣ɫûκλš֡
ңʵǲﵽޣ̫һʱʵҲﵽ۷壬ɱǿⱻ棬˽ᱻ
ҶĿ̣Ȼ羮ˮһƽʦҴ߶ӦǰӡطӳԼʥ̫ɽ
ƣ
СǧǧʱǿֶΣѾܳһʱûʩչ
ӳ֣
ҶϢһ㣬ӿʥ̫ɽ
ҲˣڷգԼԼʥ̫ɽ
ʦ֣Ҷȼæһȡ
һٵ
Ȼǣںһ֮࣬ζʥ̫ɽҲ١
ңһͷŷһ˫֣˶ʥ̫ɽͻȻһ浶ɱչһնȥ
ͣ
浶ɱף˲飬ʱҪն̫һ澭
ôࣿӦǴ߷̫ʯ֮еطҲᣬҲ˵ǿ֮ĩ
̫һҲط߶̫һ澭ӿպñһ𳤵նС
¡
صһһ𳤵̫һ澭ʣҲ̫һ澭Ȼûκ顣
ۣ
̫һ棬ȴ˺һһѪ
ͬʱЩĿܣһƬ֮ࡣ
ʦ𡭡Ҳɣûˡ
ȻҡǾ̫ɽ̫һ˫ͫѪ죬Ƶأֻһ֮ǰδϵġ
Ҳˣ
Ű̫һѪá
ҶͻȻ棺ʦ˱һЩҪɱȻףոһܾˣֻܿ΢ԽǣǻҪǿһնɱ²նɱҲش̫һ澭
ǿ
ͫһղһԽǿ״̬ʩչӦطУǿ̫һ档
ʱ浶â̫һ澭׽ǬĨΪһƬͺͺģ޷뵽һ򶥼
ɽٴ⵽ƻǵ֮£ɽֱǴԨΪٴɽӴټɽӵ׶ˣһټĿ
ǿɹ˵ģոӳɽΪƽأж˲ϢУΪ
̫һˣأɵˣҲδ˵̫һֺ


3114 δ㣨ϣ
𺳵ǣ˾Ȼ޾֮Уҵ̫ɽƳΪͨѾʥ˲ࣿ
˫ʵʥ˵ȷûжٲ࡭
ɽ֮⣬ħɱսǲʮ򣬴ǬɽӳǿߣԼһͨˡ
ʮϢΪƽأټɽΪ棬лֲ̿
벻̫ܽɽԨ֮Уϴ֮Ƴɷ뱾̫һ澭⣡
ɽȻԽʵʣһƾ˫ٴμ̫һӡʩ
̫һ澭񷣬ӿ½տ
֮ǰʮܣнһ뱻֮ǰǹ֮ɱЩԱ̫һ澭ɡ
ʥ̫ɽ취ɽֱӹ澭Ǽ飬ûз̫һɣ޷ʥ̫ɽ
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ټʥ̫ɽ׷籩У𵴣ڻζ֮иоҪٴ׹޾Ԩ
ۣ
֮е桢ҶңͬʱѪ벻׷籩˺嫣ʥ̫ɽ
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籩֮Уʥ̫ɽȻƯûκ飬Ҳ֮ǰ⻪ǧ
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̫һ澭Ϊͨ죬ʮ޴󷨱޷ʱǿô춯أ֮УκηҲ޷ӴӡҲ١

֮в䣬һɷ籩࣬籩ԭ֮Ʒ·Ҫû񷣬ԽΪɱʥ̫ɽ
ʵСˣȻɱǰҲɱмУӦþܽһգ󱳺ܣһǲǱĶ֣
̫һʩչּ֮Ӻ󷽿֮Уһ
Ϊ̤ʥ澳ԽЩܳԽ棬ͷ­֮ϣû뵽ʵȻʦ࣬һ̫ӵִ羫ھͲϱˣ
֮УӦ̫һ棬Ե̰Ľڡ
䣡
籩һϼУʥ̫ɽ
ɽ֮УԸǣ̫һίʵ£ٴαѪ
̫ɽȻ籩汬Ҳڷ̫ɽ̫ɽһҪˡ
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3126 ׳ǵΪ
ʮ֮УѾ£ֻʣ´ʥԼʥ澳ľͷǣڹ͡
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ҪΪʥ棬Ҳܣ֮һˣΪʥ棬ǲܵġ
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أͬΪԼĵɽƬ⣬¯κ
ʮҲΣˣĻء
ҲһЩǿߣڷӡΪ֮У޷


3127 ϣ
֪ͷֻһ֮䣬ЩΪˣرը飬ΪϣΪˣҲӿɡ
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â֮УһӣͨҩС̺˿˿
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ĪаԵЦŵĴڰˣ֮·ΪʦЩνͷ̫ˣЩɣ


3128 У

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3129 £
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治õģΪⷽѾǷʤֻʱ⡣
⨺ˡ˻ʡЩǿ߿ƴͨڿԳʩչֶΡ

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˫֮ͫţ͸âͼ޵һ羧ϵС
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ЩǻԪھǱԭˣЩԪ
͸ȥâҲ͸֮УȻϢ˴ںϡ
⻹ûн͸һ̣֪ӵдǺεȲţֲúڰʥĸ̫һⷽ绽꣬ΪС֮ϡ
ʮʮ
츲֮ţоԼʮ⣬͸Ǽ򵥸ӦԼ֮һǰʮ֮š
ϧټռܴ󣬵Խ֮ŲܸǣҾ֮ʮռҲʮԪҲǾ˵ģ
Ҫ⣬һĿģҪԼ̤ʥ˸߶ȣȻԽʥˣղŸȥʱմ硣


3130 񽣣ϣ
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˻ʡۡ⨺ˡ̫ۡ۵ȵȽͷպϻǷףΪ潫ںϺϻԽںϵһ㣬ɾͷʩչΪͨ
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Ѫ֮ͻȻγޡ
˵꣬ز֮УŽڵ⾫ٶȱ屶ࡣ

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ŵâдɱâû뵽֮ǰһֱ˹ѹƵһѸײڶ֮ƣ֮顣
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ηǻ
񽣣ǲʮƣԾΪģ˺ϻ󣡡

â֮У֮ǰЩ˼ǣ˲Ϊ֮ܣٴʯˡʥԪΪģ߶⽣
һ߶Ϊӡ·ǳľâ֮С
Ϊսʤǣ
ֵⷽ¶һЩ
ͻȻӾֹ״̬һɨһͷ֮ǰʽɣо񽣣ưԵǣ쿪

Ļ̫ãһ£ÿ˽ͷż£ӡٶҲ޷ݡ
һâɱԷâϷھΪٴξۼŵ⣬ǽҲܴ磬ʱգɱ
沢δԼںϵʮӳ˺ϻ֮УһɱһȻǽ΢һЩ


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3137 վ۷壨£
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3138 
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3139 㳬Խ
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3140 ̬ͨ
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3142 һ֮磨£
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ͷһӡϻԴһ㡣
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ⲻ֪֮ͨǰϰںϣƿⷽ⣬Ѿڵκںڣһ㣬ԼԦڲԴ


3143 ʧ
һӡǿֲл֮һɫǳУٿȻγɷ·𽫻п֣Ϊš
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ӡ֮󣬱ŻУͻȻڸ߿ȼգһž޴Ļӱ
ſƾҪӡտգΪû뵽ǣӡϷһ֣˹ƣŹ޷ӡƿء
Ϸűӡ⣬һɱгΪһ߾߻á
ΪڣܼԦ֮
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Ȼ䣬ΪֲĴضâƽڻ˳ǽɫڵ۽ⷽɱ


3144 ߾ɱϣ
֮ǰĶ࣬һ֮ʩչκͨҲ޷赲ϴʱܵӰ죡
汾ӡɲվڰǰֵضơ
˿̣оӺӿĺϻ̫ʱһ룬ʩչκͨҲ޷ﵽ֮ǰǰ͡
Ҫû٣ǡ
ۿƽâ˳ƶûһˣԦ֮ǰһ룬ʱͨҪϹƣǺܼѵġ
峤ɸӦԷϻϢ仯
һϻ룬һӲӵ塣
Ϊףͷ˺ϻ
ʥԪͫͻȻԾ򾧱ϵǷ¶ϲЦݡ
ʯҲͣź룺ղһηǳ޷Ӧһնɱǲʮˣ˸࣬ȱɱЩˣŵˣ֤ôΰǿѾȺ飬Ȼսӣ
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𽥵ȼӺϻ֮УǿںɶرԴʱֿʼһǧ¯ٶҲӿ첻١
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ԴԴϣ֮ǰǾģǣԼ澹Ȼһ֣󲻷ֶΣȥҲ޷ʱɱǣ˵


3145 ߾ɱ£
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3147 뱾ںϣϣ
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־ͷ֮⣬ɲǼ䣬Χ֮УҲһ˫˫ͫȥջδȫǬɽ磬־ҲԻΪһӰȥǬɽ硣
֮ʣΪʵʼʥ˴С羫ںΪһ¯ʩչǧ¯ͨС
𽥵ģЩΪһСӣո־ںϡ
ݣ
־Խ컯ɽڵ
ʱڸ߸֮һ־ΪӰ컯ɽ硣
ΧɽҲһЩ˺⣬һЩ컯ŵӣǲһɽ绯Ϊɡ
Ƭǰ磬컯ɽܳΪһɽ磬ؽҪҸıҪƽ⣬ֻҪԴһΧƫƧɽһҲʥأ
־һԺȻ֣·һĻĻ
컯ɽ磬ؤʹ޷ţʶţǾ׿ǡ
С뻪ۡҲһδβģ컯ɽ黯ΪҲΪƿصĿܣͻΪ˻
ã־ѩɽ硣
ѩɽ羧ϵֻһ˲䣬ͿͮԼغڷѩ֮ѩҲټΧɽĽԼͷݹ帲⽫ؽϢ
ѩҲ޷־ڸѩɽ硣
ͷԼ־Խ⣬ûһʿܽ־ͷŵεңԶĵزʵҲ֪
־Խķɽ硢ɽ硢ɽԼ̫ɽ硢̫ɽ磬ɽ硢ɽ硢ɽȵƫԶɽ硣
ɽ磬Χɽ硢ɽ־֮УֻҪһۿһɽ硣
ҲˣûȥϤˣ⴦⣬ʵѾнԶ
ҵ־Դ֮УͶһɽ磬κɽ綼ҵ־֮У⣬ҪһЩ˵ҵʵδﵽ۷壡
־ص֮С
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ϴ󣡣ǧ겻棬ӾӲ档
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ʥ֮Է棬ɽǿߣҲ֮л羫Լʥ˴ӣЩʥӣţЩļ̵ǣһЩͷ㹻ðں֮ڲ̤ʥ澳涣
ϴģ֮ǰԭסˣ屻ǰյƣƲ˻Ÿٹ壬һὫ󲿷ʥӣδһЩǣ
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֪ʥ˻һЩ࣬Լ֮УʥˡںϣղӦط̫ʯںϣʵ·ų˯
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ԭ²ǳǷ磬ٿ򷲽պڰԨħڡ
ٿвǳǷһǷڡ
Ϸǳ⣬ڵλãߴҲΪġ


3160 ʥˣ£
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֮ǰǳЩģǳ뾹ȻΪŵǳˣǳеʣǳڵѪϢ
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ʿ˲ײǳˣȻ֮£Ԩ֮зһɴϢ
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֮һɽڱ𡢷Ӧ֮г֣ޱʵһۿ壬ʮɽ磬Ϣܽɽ翴
ٶ̫ˣ˺ܿԽ򣬴ϲв㣬ڵ²ǳ
Ԩνħаֻ̫顢ںϣγһֳɱ¾ԹޡаĺڰˣֻҪйûкڰ
Ϣ˾ʹڰԨҲԨ
ٿ㿴һڰʱգһЩϵ֣γɴԨʱգЩһħ硣
ħʱҲϰ֮࣬ȥʥħ磬еʱպܾ޴еͨҲһۿ̫ųٵĺڰԨ
ڰʥĸǺܻأûжħʱգһԨ֮Уڰָ·Ԩ
˲ϢԽ޾ڰԼħա
ͷŸӦĺڰħ磬ƯһӴħǿ־Ҳ̫һڰʥĸħǿߣԨ֮е־
ȻҲǿߣȻֻ⣬һ־
Щħʿ־·Զ˯һڰ֮УǰһħһЩǿħ֮أ濴ħһٶħʿ
ħһЦû뵽ˣ


3161 ڰʥĸ
楡ڰںڰħ磬Ϊڡ
Ҳû뵽楣ȻڰʥĸߵһͶۣͶ̫һ棬Ͷڰʥĸ
ԭǿϤϢǱˣ楡
֮ͫ£ħаѪȻһƬѪƯŶˡʬ壬ΪѪ
ѪƯһʬɽʬɽڰʥĸסɼΪУڰʥĸնɱ޹
Զһ飬ڵϷ̫һ浱̫һ澭
̫һ澭֮УʱʱƯ׵缸Ȼһ楼Ԧ
ҲһĻϢ֮極̫һ澭Ѿںϣֻ̫һ桭楳տʼһף̫һ澭ں֮ʣӺڰʥĸӿһ̫һС
治м뾡õ̫һ澭ûʵڰʥĸ̫һ棬ӵ̫һúڰʥĸں̫һ澭Ů˼ǿµ˼£
ڰʥĸϢǿ󣬵Ҳûбʤգ㣬ʩչڰƬڰʱգڲͽ㣬Һڰǣ̫һҪ飬Ҳף
ڰ˺ƯϿգͷš
ܿһ޺ڰħ󣬲ںϣΧʱҲɺڰ֡
ʱƬ
涯֮ǰĿڰʥĸһ뿪⣬ؽֻܽԼ˻ʡ̫ۡۡۡӵˡڰʥĸǴǿ̫һ棬вʵҲ޾أܸˣ
極̫һ澭󲿷֣̫ɽƷһ̫һ棬Ҳ̺δҪԸ̫һ棬Ǹպÿں̫һ澭ܸ˽̫һ
˼ãȻתǰ
һâ߽̫ɽˣ֮Ҳ⣡
Ҫȥδ磬Ը̫һ棬̫ɽܰ㣡ܳԾΪ
Ѿôʲôȥ
ѵǡںϵ̫һ澭
Ȿ̫һ棬ôԭ˵ȼӲʴɣ̺ĴһϣѾԽһں̫һ澭͵ȫ˽̫һȥδ̫һ澭ƷʣÿԸ̫һ棡
ˣ
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̫ɽϷʵȻ޵֣֮󻹻õ񸫣Ǹʵ˫
һڰϣԽħǿߣ̤ħڲ
ȻѪΪ̱ǡ
ڰʥĸôУʵ֮ǰǿ٣УҲᳬԽʥˡ
ڰʥĸ⣬в
ʬγɵѪϿգո̤һЩѪȻΪһЩѪɫΪѪ˿
ȻǱ뱾ĵ
ԺڰʥĸвŮͻȻǰѪӰϢ֮
ಣ
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ѪƯʬ壬ͻȻѪɫ˻һЩѪɫûˮ棬ǰǾ޴ѪӰҲԽ
û뵽㣬棡ڰʥĸģı˰ǰ
棿
Ȼ֪ж𾪣Ҳһ
Ȼ㣡Χʮħǿߣǿɱɼ棬¶ɵ־壬ǰ
̫һ棬ħ˭֪
ڰʥĸʱʵǰ·ƬѪ楾Ưһ࣬Щ
ڰʥĸ͵㲻ңҲȥ㣬棬籾ɱ㣬벻ԼĽ죬ļգ

Ӻڰʥĸ֮µı˰ߣͻȻһ𣬾Ȼһ澪ȵˡ
̫һ棡
ƺһ︴ˣ֮󣬲ŷֲʱ̫һѾΪڰʥĸ
̫һҲ֮ǰͬһ·˰Ѫɫۣͷϳһ˰˸о֣̫һ֪Լֻᱻ
ڰʥĸʵ٣̫һɣϢָݡ
Ϊ̫һĺڰʥĸ楹ѾĿĴڣ̫һǷķҲڴ֮жɣʵѾﵽʥ˸߶ȣһˣСɣһܴﵽһ¸߶ȣع磡
ֿ楣ڴˣҺ⣬õ̫һķȻڰʥĸں̫һ澭ʵɣ
ΪҪΪŮۣҪܿʥĸնɱҾŮۣʥĸΪǿ뿪С磡ɱҡҡͷ


3162 ˰
꣬治뵽գһδ档
浭һЦնɱң楣̤ɽ磬ͥͱ뾡취һ·׷ɱҲʵҲ̤޷ĸ߶ȣҽն㣬кڰʥĸʱȥ磬̫һһսĿѾǵ֮࣡
楺Ȼʥĸɱû棬ûҵĵˣʥĸκɣ硢޹ؽҪ
淴꣺ҲȥıЩ޹
棬ڱ̫һһ̣ע㲻ҵĶ֣֮ǰҿԸ㱾Ҫʲô߶˰⣬ʩչϻ˰֮
˰֮Ա˰Ϊģһ⣬ֻǷԼ޾ԨԻ᲻֪˰֮Ļ֮УڱĻ硣
ڱ˰֮֮Уû뽫ﵽ緲ʿųɣǾͻڱ˰֮׳ɣӵŮܳΪʵۣԺʮĿӣ볤ܳΪo
ı˰֮ʻûǳֻп֡Ҹı˰ûνķûɱ¾һжǺƽģĴ֡
ףԻҳǵĺɡЩŮΪСūڴ֣ûпຣı˰磬Ŀ
뿪磬ҪӴԽʥ˵ǴƷȻǴ֣ȥĿУ֮͵ı˰֮ˣ͵벻𣬾Ͳ𣬱ڸ޾컯ΪҪǵ
յȱʵﵽ磬뿪磬ʱĴ磬楣ΪŮۣһУɱ㿪ʼһͽӭ֣
棬ڰʥĸŤЪ˹ŭš
ЦǶС
˰֮
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ⲻǺڰʥĸһ
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楻̫һ澭ƺ¡̫һ䣺Ѿں̫һ澭±Ȳ̫һ棬ʥĸ֣ȻԽնɱͿЩѡڣڴ֮УǳΪְɣյΪʥĸ
Ůۣ컯һɱ棡
ʱڰʥĸһͷϼ˰Ѿʢ
׵
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߲ףЦ֮࣬ŷ׻Ϊ籩ɱ뵱̫һͨһģһ
ָһΧһ߲׵Ϥյ̿նһ߲ҧ
꣡
߲һھͽ׹Ƹҧˡ
û뵽ʵҲȶԸ̫һǻᣬǿ٣ôһĻŭ
ǾãԼõ̫һ澭ǵõ̫һ洫УȻ޷նɱ棬ܲ
뵽Ϊ˶Ը棬ղϧһУͶۣҲ֣Ͷ̫һǵ޵дڣ޷նɱ棬뵽һо楿Ҫ
޵
Ϊǿ󣬲ʵҲʥ˲ĺڰʥĸˣ̫һģͻȻ֡
ݣ
գۣΪģ·Ѫ֮ɱһѪɫϷΧҲɱѪɫ롣
ѪȫǺڰʥĸͻ޵еĴڡ
ͫ
˫ͫƣ˲Ϣ̫һѪɫ룬˫ͷų֮ͫһн֮ͫ£Ϊҽ
ʵ
ֻһУڰʥĸһ㾹Ȼʵ£̶꣬˸߶ȣΪһ̤ʥ˸߶ȣû뵽Ҳ
ͻȻҡͷ꣺һı˰֮𣬺ڰʥĸܿɱĻνĴ֣㲻ԼΰˣԼ˵ж̰̰ԼҲУνĴ֣ջͣһҲУҲõĹ;
棬ȥ
һ޵
ʱ䣬ڰʥĸʼӡ
֮ǰʩչ޵δӡѰһͬΧѪʼڡ


3163 
գ۾ݷণǿѪɣڰʥĸΪһ¯
ӡʱ䣬֮ǰĸ罣棬鶼ǡ
컯磡
˿¹ƣͫҲԸˡ
ҲʩչֶΣΧ˲ʵ廯Ϊһɫʯ·ɵס
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ѪɫɱΪף쳣ף飬ϵĹͷ׹Ѫ
ʯ屦𣬾ֻͨһֻɫʯ
ڰʥĸ̫һ棬ʵȻǿ̶ȣںʵɱ䣬֮ǰ治֣ʥ̫ɽ
׵סϹȻݵġ
һսҲδдʱĸо˵ڰʥĸʵҲʥ˸߶ȡ
ȭʮʽ
ڶˡ
һ澹ȻԼףʮâ˫ͫ·ץġ
ΧѪڣһȭâٿȻɱѪɫȭâ֮лΪУȭâ̫ӱͻȻգ죬Ѫڰħ֮
ʵǱ֣
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¡ײħа˲ѿɱȭʮͻʳƬڰʥĸҪҧһҧϲӡ
ڰʥĸֻ֣̿ǶԼʵ̫ģΪɱ棬Ҳ䣬һ̼ûκӦԷӣԼදֻʶɱѪɫ
ȭʮ桯һɱѪɫ飬ûڰʥĸһͱɡ
ʥĸһӰսسץסڰʥĸ
֮漫Ϊ̾ȭʥ˴ͨ˵ã

գ뿪ڰա
ˣ죡˵ĺڰʥĸ֮ͫпһӰԽջɱһȻΪһѪ
̫һ澭˭ɱ̫һ澭
žը죬һзڵʯ䣬̫һ澭ǰɱ棬ϧɱб⣬ûڰʥĸȻ˲Ϣնɱ

ΪһѪĺڰʥĸͻȻƯѪ֮еı
߳߳߳
һը죬ԭҲں󳷣Ϊס׷ɱ߶̫һ澭ɱס
̫С棬꣬ʵ̤˸߶ȡڰʥĸѾڷɻΪ۰γɷצӡ
ʥĸһҪڴ˽ɱٸһЩʱ䣬ǿԶ֣
̫һ澭楣æڰʥĸϡ
̤з磬ηѪֲ֣Ҫɱң楣ϧǷߣ֮ϧֱ
ղǱͨ㽻֣Ǳ̫һԼʵǣ㡣
ڰʥĸߺ޵ΧЩ۰ƼͷųѪ⣬γ̫аӰ
ѪŭźڰʥĸӴ壬Ȼ
һ̵ĺڰʥĸ·޾Ѫѣּ֮УӼЩӼ͸ʥ𡢴ʥʥϢ
ϧЩǿʿղкڰʥĸɣҳΪڰʥĸΪǿ
ڰʥĸѪ֮ƶѪѪڣȻ䣬ټѪָ룬Ѫ̸֮ڣٿѱûУѪԳʥĸѨһֻеĸ

ʵԵʶֻһѪɫѪ޾֮УͻȻɱ
壡
ž飬Ѫ
Ѫɱ͵ϮѪոջΪ壬ݺݵĳǰĺ󱳣Զ
Ϊ棬һɽ̫ɽǱڰʥĸɣûˣֻ΢΢Щ飬һ衣
ڰʥĸգǱ˰ѪӰ𣺡ζܰɣл̫һ棬֮ҵĴ̫࣬ڱһƬҶӣӲҲνӡϽںҿ⣿
ƾҲʥĸ֣ʥĸǴλۣ֮Ҳ䳰ЦЦ
ȻԲǺڰʥĸ֣챻նɱãһԼŮۡ

ݲ淴ӦѪаѪΧɱ
һᣬݺݳҼ磬ͻľޱۣžһε
ûнɣʩչȭӸЦݣʵȷǵ⣬ǿģϧڵңǿ󣡡
޲죺ߣ㻹Цĳ
ΪЦҪǿԭ⣬ĿǰǺڰʥĸģΪǴ̫һԡҪ㣡źڰʥĸ翴һѴ͡


3164 
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žž
Ѫ棬֮УҲ޷Ѫ
һδν÷飬ʮγסͻȻʩչȭԴ˿Щ׾ȴ˫ȭӳҫâ
꣡꣡꣡
ѪҪܲ㹥֮УһâȭҫѪ飬٣ΧѪҲȭâΪ촷ۡ
ʵѵ̶ʱ䣬̫һҪ죿ǸЦˡ
ԭǵ汻ڰʥĸɱ˿ֲ޵еģȻ䣬ûѪȥһȭâ飬楼æ߶̫һ澭ƺ֡
㷭
ڰʥĸҲżˣϿ۰צɱ档
ǼʶΪ컯һ컯ٳʣʥĸߡ
ʵ£ʮԼأҲһ˲ϢƬڰʥĸƿصĵѪκѪΪһϤ
ʵԣκİٸĪ⣬ֻҪʱȥƿء
ڰԨΪӵĿռ䣬ʥǿҲ޷ƿأӵʥʩչ֮£ǸָںҲ͵Ͽ
Ȼγɣ໥ںϻΪ˻ʯЩʯֻΪһֱӴѪս٣ѹںڰʥĸЩ۰ѪɫϷ˼
䣡
ȻںڰʥĸҲԴУִѪѪ۰ɱʯȻܽЩʯ𿪡
˲˼飿̫һ棬ղħ֮УҲ޷˴컯磡ƿ̫һ澭楣Խ
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һΣڰʥĸ棬˼⣺˰ӦþǺڰʥĸꡢڡ
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ڰʥĸɭɭЦ
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ڰʥĸΪʩչ˰֮Լ彫Уѹңⲻ֪֮ǰҾͽƬѪ޴ڣʩչ֮ܣɱ֣
ȴǰԵܾٿ߲ףѪһһƬ翳նϡ
ܿϢЩ֮ڰʥĸȻ֮ǰѸͣûֶΣ̫ٲȻǺڰʥĸ֡
ʥˣӻ֮Уⷨ򣬿̫ʱǵͨΪϢ⣬ҲӴ˳Խʥˣȥۣ֮

޷ɱѪľռ䣬Ѿ;ĩ·ʱѪٹ֮£߲ױĪ仯


3166 ˰֮
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ƬΪУĵ徹ȻѪƬ룬ȻѪƬ߲ױ»ΪһѪɫĿ
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ʼû뵽Ӻڰʥĸ壬֮У˳ӦԼϢ
ڰʥĸʩչ˰֮塢аͨҲҪѪ⴦ڰѪʱͽԼ͸Ѫÿһ䣬⴦ڰ֮Уκοռ䶼
˰֮ǺڰʥĸȻҲ⴦ڰҲ͵˰̲֮֮ǰ͸
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·Ϊ˳Ϊ񷣬Լڻ
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ܣǱֱı˰֮ɲʲôСͨϣҵ֮⣬κϢ뿪ҵ壬֪ܲ
㻹̫С࣬߿ԼԴͨʩչͨƬˣʥͨһģ⣬ʥˣȴƫƫҪʥ˰ͨѹȻ󡭡
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󲿷ʶ뿪ڰʥĸڣѪ磬Լ⴦ڰڵԨʶ뿪⣬ʶŴڷſԼҪԼʱʥǷ񻹴ڲࡣ


3167 ɴ
ʶΪ̫Ķ棬뿪ڰʥĸ⴦ԨʶһЩħ磬ͷţħչʶ֮С
һЩħգħǿգʶƯǰ鿴ǵΪҲûбκħǿ߷Ĵڡ
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ټڰԨϰħ磬ȻֻڼϢ֮䣬ȫʶ֮С
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꣬ܵħսӰƻܶɽ羧ϵ޷޲ڲرء
˸ȥôǿ֣ɽ޲ɣҺڰʱʵµɽҲ£һԶԴ
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䣡
һЩͻȻӰ첿ʶ塣
濴ڰʥĸԷԸңԷ٣

ʶ򽣹һԨ֮жȥ
аԨ֮УѪ֮ϱһ𳤿գڰʥĸ·Ϊ˻ѪΧʡ
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ˣ
ͻȻյΧһειǳʯ
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ʥˣ⣬취ҲһЩϧ㲻ʿҾͽʶĨɱ壬Ӷգȥδնɱ̫һ棡һʶ建γɡ

ڰʥĸȻˣ
ڲ֪ӣˣһʼҾʥ̫ɽ
ڰ֮Уźڰʥĸߣ͵׳һƬڰǳʥ̫ɽѸײڶ֮ƣѹкڰʥĸﱻˡ
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໣
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Ǹ㣬ʩչطԴ磬Ըպÿ㣡ĮЦ
ء
ڰʥĸţţձ֮þûص
ԪԽǣڱ˰֮еʶȫһʶ飬屾ϨټȻͷſֲڰ
ͬʱ¶֮ɫϤ̫һ


3168 Խʥ
ڰ뱾һ𣬺ڰʥĸˣں壡
á
˲ϢֻΪʶ壬ĹΣӿڰʥĸʶڰʥĸʼںϡ
ڰһΪ滤ʵû֮УѾû˿˵֣һҲ޷ֲֿĺڰԨ
ʶɱڰʥĸϴ֮ӿ֮У
ʱȻа֮ߣûѪ֮´ӼѾ촷ۣʶɱڰʥĸ䣬ʱҲ֮䡣
ӵ˾սһҲδĶ٣ʩչ˰֮Ӵȷκ֮У磬Գ
Ѫڲʶλ˲䣬Ѫ⡢ڰʥĸںһ𣬲ֱ˴ˡ
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̫һȻռĲ㣬̫һ棬ʵ̤ʥ˸߶ȣ
̫һ棬Ƕδϵǽֽ֣лǵ򲻾֮ҽԽʥˣ
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ڣľѪȫͨͬǴÿһһյĴ
ΪѪöɲһ㣬ѪֱӾڰʥĸټںϡ
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ڰҡҡͷҪǿԼŰɣһղô죿
㹻ãӵкڰʥĸ̫һǿղ£㲻֮󣬵뿪Ҫؽ򣬵һûгԽʥ˵
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ǺڰʥĸһҲ޷γɵĴȻ滹̫ʯһЩҲС
ʵʥ˸߶ȣںЩûе֮ʵȻ˳ˮУɱ侪ˡ
÷ʼټںϣԼʶͶ֮У͵ںϣΪĵƿأűڲ֮ؽ
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ڰڣѪ֮У滯ΪѪƯţټںϡ
ѪƯ̫ʯԴ磬޷ںϵʣͷųҲǻȴԽ⴦С̫̫࣬꣬ʯͷųһƷ˿ںϺܶ꣬ںϡ
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𽥵ģоԼڰúڰΪԼɵԴȪ
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ѳԽ⣬ΪһˣôѾ޷Сȥ
ѪоڰɣӵʵٶȣҲȥ
ͬʱںԼʥ̫ɽʥ˵ģʱʵںȻˮɡ
Լ꣡
ӷ棬ߵ죬Ѿꡭ
ڰʥĸȻĵ̾Ϣ

ֲͻȻһλӰѪ߿շը֮ˣвľм촷ۡ
෴һ¸ֶϢǻɫûκâΨдâԣ·Լһ
ͬʱ֮еķҲǰϲҳԽʥȻ޷͸ֺǿ󣿡
ǿ󡭡
⣬ʱ΢΢һɼԼҲ֪
ܼ򵥣Ҳ뿴Լʵ˺εȵز̫һڰʥĸԽһС
ʶ˵һ緢ȻǰڰԨһһħ磬ԼԨʱգЩħԨʱվϵûһ޷ģԿЩħʿӡķʽ
˶Ի
ֽʶͷϷ⣬Ҳ̼䣬Ϳ磬һ۾Ϳз硣
Ϣ֮ڣ


3169 һ
ٿʿΪɵ⣬֮У硢֮ǿգʱ֣ܸκʣЩҲա
ԭֵȷȻڲռ˶ɿռĦγɵһֲͬȻ֣ʥҲֻܿƼһ֣Ϊʥ޷һ⡣
ȻС磬⴦СռҲǺ嫵ġ
ҵʶͷٶȣԶԶ޷㣬ڲԽʥˣԶԶԽʥˣ
Ҳͷʶ壬ȫ濴ĸ߶ȣҪε죿ǰʥ˵ķ򣿡
ֻе㲻ף㿴ڰԨ·ħϷǷ磬Ϸ򣡡
кβףЩ
룬ǷˣСħħڰҪɷ磬Ϳ̫̿ף֧ԮҲ̫ΣգҾħ硢硢ɽ磬Իλã
ˣΪȷƽ⣬ͽħԨϷ߶Ȳ࣬·Գôڣħɽвա
죡
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⼸ֻ꣬ں̫һڰʥĸˣһδ̫ʯںϣ̫ʯǳԽκĴڣ뿪⣬գľ̫ʯ
˵꣬ͻصѪգ
һΣôʱɶʵں̫ʯʼĴ֮·
⴦ѪΪڰʥĸ꣬򾫻࣬ҽѪѪΪڰħ֮Уһյأ
ڰƯţʱ˼һȻ
컯磡

Ժڰʶ壬Ҳڰ롣
ʶںϣȥѪ⴦ڰԨ˷ȥһɽΧڰشͣ
𽥸ڰش𽥸ȥһȥ˰ꡣ
󣬺ڰһӡͷųڰش֮ͳִ
ЩγһЩ⣬ΪԲ徧ϵڲ໥ںϣȻ״̬ʼʵ廯γʯЩʯһ鿪ʼ໥ںϻΪ˴½
ʵҲԶԶ̫һ棬ڰʥĸΧ仯Ѫ֮޺ڰ磬Ȼϵ֣ڲڻΪһʯʣο
ԼǧѪ޵ķʣһڰ룬⴦ڰؾһµĺڰ硣
ӴˣΪѪѣԼĵһڰ磬Ҳǹá
ѪֻǸոγʣ
ΧΪһɽĺڰҲΪ֮һҲ˵㣺ɽ磬Դ籾ԭˣѪ֮ûбԴҲûҪٱԴûʮ꣬޷ģ
ǱԭˣʵͨΪԭˣһ飬ǿԣʮ궼޷ֻȥ⣬֮ƻ֮УѰұԭˣȻѪΪԴ
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˼ҲǰѪȻ磬硣
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㵣ӺأҪһѪҪΪӴǿɲһ磬㻹ҪڰħŲǵȸߵ⣬ΪѣҲֻʱ⣬ʥ˵̫ţһҲȻþ˲ɣ
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̣̫һ澭ǿںϣʼ𵴣Ȼ뱻˼Ԧ
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ʱڣȫ̫һ澭ںϡ


3170 Ǩħ
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3173 Ϭǹ
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һţڶʱžը·Ҫһ㣬統ɽ١
벻Ϭǹһѹ⾫
ѪţһЩɫϢɫҺʱʱëΧٶȣԽԽ죬˲ءزءǳʼ뿪


3175 ǿ
ɱ䣡
ϬǹԼԴԴϵĴڰС統ӷɽ磬ȥʱһɽϴ裬
֪ΧγɵҲӿ£Ϊģ⴦ʮʯʣϿƯŲΪϼڲ߲ͬϼ⡣
߲ϼ⣬Ǵͷųƺǵأն߲֮
ΪڲͬʯΪ߲ɫԶԶȥһ־ڳ
ȴ޷ЩȫϬǹѪԼ״̬£һУֻ֪ôµڵӡԼϣ
ϬǹƵӴѪ漸顢״̬ʱʵҪʱ̣ȹһ̣ͲСʿǴʿ
ΪһԶŵĻ
磬ĳ֮УƯһ޷ݵĺô
ĳһ̻Ի͵ĽڣһâΪһӣʮӣŲʱۣͷڣһߡ
ʦ𣡡
һŮӾϲڻıѩʥâ֯ǰ񣺡ʦҪչһԪΪ;ˣ
£Ϊʦڱչ֮УѰһ֮еļԪƽ٣ǰЩом磬ϧǼϢأΪʦȻҲ޷ҵԭ򣬾ڸղţΪʦչ֮УͻȻָӦһϢϢǹʥ
⴦ʦƿأκȥ磬ӲʦۡŮӺǾ㵡
ߣΪʦȥǺε
׳һâʹŮƿնȥټ

ʯڣ˰֮ǰѪ״̬
ڴﵽ߶ȣҵĸӦͨˣоֻ࣬һĴռˣ
̾̾濪ʼ壬ȻóһǵҶȽģ¼Կ̫ʯմİ취
ںһʱ䣬ͷޣҲˣǻڲΧ
գ磬Ҫں̫ʯǿʵԼȥ̫ʯΧʯ㣬Ȼٴ߶ӦطԼʱգδ
˽һڼ¼ϢѲԡ
ҼǵҶ˵̫ʯ磬գ޷Яκη޷̫һ澭뿪
һҵóһΪβЯ
Ĭһüͷʼ̫ʯ
̫ʯһ֣ʱǰҲأܸо̫ʯԶԶƬ硣
ǧʱ
Ӧطͷ̫ʯںϡ
̫ʯ̫ˣԭǧ򱶣Ҳż͸ڲ
̫ʯںϵԵʣ죬Ȼͳɹ͸̫ʯ֮УҲֻڱʯһ֮ڣʵ޷͸
Ҳ˵Ҳ̫ʯһĵطУ߶Ӧط磬ռ䣿
ĥţʱüͷ
Խ̫ʯ˵
¶˼ԼƣʼѪȻ״̬ΪһƬѪ֮ǰ̫ʯһС
Լ㣬Ѿʧ̫ʯ֮󷨣գۼ䣬Ȼվ̫ʯһ·ʯڲ
һ̵棬ɹһ̫ʯڲ
Ծһ޷֪ΧĶռڣӦ̫ʯʯԼ޷ݵĻЩûҲ޷Ӧ̫ʯϢ
û뵽ڲҲ޷̫ʯεںϣ
ãӦ
Ȼ䣬ͫ׷ŴΪһץ̫һ澭ȻС
Ȼһ̫ʯ
ҶȲ˵޷̫ʯڲΪҿԣ
Ϣûжͽ̫ʯԼע⵽һ㣬ҲǳԾ
ԭһѣܣȻ˳ˮۣһӾˡ
ΪΣҶ̫һ涼޷̫ͨʯգΪҿ
˼ȥ潫עԷ̫ʯ
Ҳ
þ֮ͻȻףֻԭ򣬵һҶȡ̫һһ˵õһ̫ʯκҲ޷һ飬Ҷȴգ̫ʯңʯںϣΪһ¾޴̫ʯҲܽУ


3176 ףϣ
һԭ̫ʯںϣӵд󲿷ʯʯʶңҲܽʯ棡
ԭֻ
Ϊʯںϣܴ뷨ʯ־Ͽ棬ܽС
һã뿪̫ʯʯڣѾǽӦطӳ̫ʯλãӦͨΪ磬ʯںϣͷſռգ
ಣ
ʼ߶ǧʱΪ״̬ԽķʯڲʹãͬʱҲϬǹѪ
ಣ
֮УӰ
ʦ𣬾ƯʣһһŮٷԴ֮𲻷ӡ
ŮָʯͷзϢǿ󣬷Сֻһʿˣʿʦۣ
Ӧòͨˣܲ򵥣
ӸֶƬ̼䣬ŮӷٶȣƯʡ
̣
һЩϢȻ֮еΧγɡ
̫һ澭ȻΧȻʿԵ޹ʣɺ
ԷϢޣһ㷨޷ӦȻ֮еǿߣǿǧ򱶡
¶ּɵطӦϢ
Ϣδأ˵߲δ⡣
λѣڿգոգԶԶ©ӣһŮ
Ů߳һԶԶ棬˫ͫһ޷µʥףϢһ֣㡭ĪĳСʿ

汾뷨˴򽻵ԷͻȻûԼҲżȻˡ
ŮӾȻһۿԼϢ
ûʲôģҿɲУһδ׼ô߶̫ʯȥûǧʱ
Բ׼⣬ǵ⣬ȻǶֻ֣߶̫ʯ磬ա
δٷóȻ磬ҲԤϡ
ʱ󷽷ȭµȷǰãС磬⴦ԵӦ֪λˣʲô£
ʦ𣡡
Ůһƺ˵ʲôȻ𾴶ӽܣʦˣΪʦⷽգвϢ֣Ȼҵ㣬ģʦڣһոͨʿΪѡ
ԭˡ
ûʲôϸ˼֮£дͬ
Ů͸¶һҪϢʦǾȲӣӻӦԼϢҵôεͨ죬Ǵ硣
ӦϢҲͰˣ׼ȷ
֪ڶɲŮʡ
񣺡֪²ŵⷽ硣
վǰλҲҵʦⷽ

һװ
һڶμһ̫һӡ
Ԫʱѵһֲͨ졣
棬׵Էϰ߶̫ʯҲһʱڰǰ硣
Ϊϡ
棿
üͷ·ĳ͸֣һССͨʿϣΪӵдİ

ҲͻȻͷԡ
ʦ𣬲ܰɣһŷСʿôӵдǰڵС磬ǻ֮Ҳ̺
һŮӣΪ𺳣ɫ䣺ĪǡֻһܣĪĳһλĻڵС磬Ȼ󽫷и㣬Բ˴
˼ˣ˵ĴܵԼ̫һǶδ̫һ棬Ҳ͵ӵİʵֲǰҲ׸Ӧ޵ڡ
ʱˡ
ĵĵϲа벻ͨ嫴Ȼ࣬⸽磬ͼУִͬʶĴڡˣǸ򵥵ʿģΪϵİҲ˷֣İδΪϴɱ֮
лǷݵȥ٣涯֣ûл֮ġ
СϢһЩϤģǴСռ䣬ҲйǿߣܴСⷽ磬ѾʮԪ֮ǰ£㣬ȻĿģϣʵش𡣼ǰϢͻȻԽⷽռ䣬ֱӴԽ羧ϵǿɲһϧʱ̫׷٣һϢʱϢһЩƣ⣬ȷⷽ簲ο


3177 ף£
磿ǰ
Է˹ȻĿģòΪ޹ء
عһԽϢĪ̫һ棬Ӵգɵģ
֪Ůʵ
֪¡֮Լ仰ѾϢ̫һйء
ԷȻĳЩŻˣû壬ҲòΪҲغδ
˵ǣΡȻ鿴
ͽ̫һӣǰ磬յΨһ̫ʯ¹شǵеۡ
˫ԭ򣬴̫ʯתƵϣ̫һΪӣŴδʦûʦûʮԪ֮ӡ
ԭˡ
һзûлɡ
û뵽ִڵİʦһʮԪ֮δŮҲʯ
ȻҪգȥ磬Ǳһ֮籾Դ㴩Ƭ磬ȥδǾҪĿռʱͨû뵽˴󷽣Ҫһ
лȥҲ֪ᷢʲô飬ֻѡʱ߶Ӧطȥ
δܻδҲδһ֣Ұ㣬ʵڰԼ𣡡
ͷŻ֮ǰͻȻƿһӣγһŻ
ô˲ͨǰʵܿ컯ΪǶʯ
λǣ
ûԥһʱ뿪Ϥĵط
ǶǱ֮ټնͽС
곯;
˫͵Ƴǵնһɫӣ䶯Ŵӻһ˲Ӱӡ
Ůһԣ羪֮ѩѣʦ𣬿δƭˣͨʵռ䴩ᱻ飬̤Уη
С磬ʵسС۷壬ȻʵͨɴǿҴ֪ΪΣһۣΪʦԻĸо
þ񷣬·ף
ಣ
棬ʱŻ֮Уڿٴ⴦磬֮Ҫ飬ƤҲһЩѪ˿˫ͫһʱѪĴ
һܵδˣֶΣʱ߶̫ʯȻĻҺܿᱻ飡

Ƕ֮Уһ⻪ֳʮɴ̫ʯǹıʯƯڻ֮С
ŲϽӡԸط֣Ѫ˲仯ΪѪʼ̫ʯڡ
ʮϢ˳ʯԼһλãв٣ͷ߶̫ʯ
̫ʯǳԽĴڣûӳ֣ǲȻ磬Ҫʮӳ֣ͬʱ֮ǰطҲΪһ㣬̫ʯںϡ
ʯӦӦطʯںϺܶ꣬һ̣ԭʯУܵΪͷʼںϣ泩࣬ʼͣӿȻ̫࣬ȥҲᱻľ
ϬǹƶɵѪ֮ҲԴ̫ʯ֮УһЩ߼
ֻϣܾա
̫ʯʱ棬ӦطԼγɵķʯ⴦硣
һʱͻȻо羫͵ĿΧգԭʯѾ硣
ʱʩչռ䡢ʱ䷨򣬴աʱ䴩ֻ뿪磬ûд鷨򣬳Խʱ䣬Ӵ˿ȥδ
ʮԪշ򣬻ʱûоطͨκǿҲԳԽʱ䡣
СǧǧʱӦ̺˿ռ䡢ʱ䷨򣬼̫ʯҲ̺ϢֻҪ߶طӡܿʼա
ʼɣ

̫ʯ뿪磬Ļ֮Уƺʧա
ӡһʽʼģΪӦطҪǷΪۡ
ʯںϵķ㣬ʯһЩռںϣ΢΢ţ죬ӡ̵˲䣬һʯ֮ӿ롣
Ȼ䣬һĻˡ
̫ʯӿ޷ոǰգһ죬Ϊ״̬羹Ȼ顣
鷨򣬴ʱգ
ǹĴ磬ɲǱͨ飬ǱӦطʯĿռһʱշ
汣ں״̬֮У̫ʯʼڴĹѿռڡ
˸оɹѴռ䣬ܷ̫ʯʯеΪ촷ۣɵʯһֽУʯȻû˿𵴣С
Ӧǰ˲ʱշ򣬾˴編򣿡е棬ƽҲǵһμΰһĻ


3178 еʧ
ֱ̫ʯȫû֮Уһ̣޿ʼԵʧ
̫ʯƺδǴ򣬻С⣬ûĴڡ
Ǵգշ򣬴ʱգ
ʱ˿̣̫ʯ֮У棬š
̫ʯ·֮Уһ̣ѻ̫ͬʯڿٴǳãͿһ磬Ȼ磬ϱʯ
Ӧþյ磬֮ǰѾԽ򣬶ʱ磬Ǵգʱհɣ̾Ϊֹ̫ʯ󣬺ֳܿĻǿգİġ
ʧĻ̫ˣάֺܳһʱ䣬ϣԼ
һ͸оЩƣһǴ续̫Ťһ֮С
ΪԼ̫״̬ʱʱһѪԲһЩõҩֲġ
ʯڣ̫ʯϴ󣬶ֻҪֺɣͬʱҶȡң̫һΪĿ꣬ϵĳԽʱʱ䷨򣬴ʱգԽȥδ
Ҳʱʱһ磬Ļ磬Ǵ绹С磬ϤģӦѾԽڼԪ֮Ļ֮С
Ѿȥ꣬ŲŴ˾ŸԪʮԪʱվ롭ںҶķ֮УϵԼʱգڴʱվ롣
ʱŵĺܿ죬ֱоʱʱѾ˼ꡣ
Ϊоʱ
ʯԼʱ̾ԭ߰˰ˣҲĹ룬߶̫ʯط½ŵʯٶ
ǣ
ʱڵʱմ磬Ӧþڵδ磬мԪҴʱд޷ȥ
Щ֣̿ٶԽԽһʱûж취
ãֻҡͷֻ⴦δʱͣһʱ䣬һ̺Ĵָʵ󣬷ӲͷƤȥĿĵأΪ˶
ݣ
ڷΪ̫ʯͷټʯû߶һڴٶ̣֮ΧѵĻռҲڴʧ
ʮϢ̫ʯһƯŻ֮У֣ͷѾ߰ײ١
ʯģٿΧİ޻磬ֻһ˿˿˵︽һռ䡣
ӦһֱһЩŨգȥһ󣬲꣬ŸӦ֡
һӴɽ
ոͳһЩƯʯһǧ޴ʯƯʱɽ
ɽһʯɽΧȻ֣䲻ǿңȻںܾǰɽ
ɽڲͿïʢֲ棬ȻǿϧһߣʧҲˡ
ˣǴգ⴦ʯɽ䣬㹻ʵ
ѰһɽȣúþһпȥôİΨдʵġ
ʧδĳһԪ
Ȼ֪δʱգҲ޷׼ȷ˵廹жʱվ룬пһԪҲпԪ
һֻʵ̫ʯŪҲ֪̫ʯҲǺܲ׵ġ
֨֨
Ȼ󷨣һЩһЩѪɫС׳棬ǯ㹻ƿ
ֻһ־͵棬Ȼȥ
꣡
׳Ǹոһɻըѣֻ׳ɡ
Щ׳棿壿һʱѣ󷨣һЩ׳ʱʱҴ⣬߶һնȥ
·ָ⣬ɱ
žž
գۣѸ֮ƣ׼նһֻֻ׳档
Ծǣʱʵɽ׳նɱȴֻ׳ɡ
׳ڽ·ţַ趯ǯ֨֨죬
Χ׳Ŵ˿̣һ
ίʵҾһֻСС׳Ҳ޷Ըת˲ʩչֺ֮ȥ
ٶԽ׳棬Լ㣬ʮ׳Ѿɭ֮УȴܸӦٿڶϢԱ׳ٱ
ûһʯڲӵô¹


3179 𶴸
ڶʱ޺ˣҪɱЩҪʱָΪ㻤
һᣬһɣͷҲˣȥ⣬ΧѰš
ջӿƣ纣գ죬ڻ֮бڡ
ಣ
ãͨԴָʵ״̬ȥ㲻
һͷ޻ˣһ廷ߣССߣͷų붾Һȴ׶ɱ档
ϴҽҺˡһҧȥͽ廷ԴҧٽҺʳɸɾ
ŷʩչǧ¯廷գѪ
廷߱ȵϬǹǿʢһЩҪִƷ΢ЦţãƳҩһš
İ׷ʼָɫƤҲԽ⻬Ůһ㵯ָƣӴĺô
ָ٣½һЩʥǧ¯֮зա
ʵѻָ⴦ط㣬Ǵ羫ȻڿԼ󣬲ڴˣһʱ䣬ʵƸѪ
һ߶̫ʯա
߶ȣôմٶ࣬ʼʮϡ
ˣ
꣬һμ
²Ļ˷ܵĺܣǷһ϶ϧдӡо⣬Ӧһǿĵ
𣿡
ֹͣУҲͷ
ǿ߶
ʯУһ綴죬ʵǧ򱶣̲ضٱ
С뿪κƷԴã޷ҪֲԴ
ಣ
ͷ޴뿪ʱʵ٣ӦҲɱˣԶԶӦټʯΪ磬ǲѰġ
洩ֺһ·ֻһʯ󷨷ӡ
𣡡
ʯϿġ
ĸоκηӦʱ̫ĵˣܸͨоⱱ𶴸򵥡
޵ϴ󣬸ղǳԹ󷨣ȴ޷򿪣ǿǽʯڣ󲿷ֹﶼʰˣ޷ƿӡ
ҪֻҪͨԼɷ򣬾󷨣ֻҪһʱ䡣
ǰϥ
ͷɷһںϣʼ붴ڴںϣų⣬ʱһͨʼ͸һЩ󷨣ڲһЩһ㿪ʼɶ
֮Ҳձģֱɣʵɱ䲻֪ྪˡ
û뵽ڣѰģմ󾫻ʼֱ뾫ںϣʵ
ϷԣЩԱСνĹҪǿ̫ࡣ
̣
ž
һЩʱͿʼըƤתϿҪΪ̫֮񣬳Խ
ҵʮ̫ʯľԼ֮ںϣо֮򵥣ܰѵΪǸ߼Եʣ
þ֮ʵѸʮֹ
Ҫǣڷ仯
ԭľޡ̫ʯԼС磬ľ֮ڣչ֮ǿ󣬿Խ࣬ͻȻɹ֮ľ
Щֱ֣̿ٶȣ֮໥ںϣɲԼһȫתɹ֮һֻ֮һǿֻǱʱ߼ˡ
Сʮģɲ
ڽΪ֮ռȫһ뾫˲ʵ̫ˣƳǻᣬǿʮ
ΪʵںϹ֮ӡ󷨣ںٶԽԽѸ͡
ʮ꣬ڴ͸󣬴Խ
ݣ
̤棬Խ󷨣ǰһСĹʯû֮ǰ̻Իͣʮ࣬ãʲôûţһܣڷźܶż
Ҳ绨԰һͤϡܿͤڰڷһܹ١
Ϊǰһʿ鿴һ־Ӧȷûа壬Ųá
ֻһЩ̣ҲͨϷʱܿòʯĥɣʯҲǣϷһƺδɵĻֻе֣ɡ


3180 Ͼ
Ҳ֪Ҫдʲôʲô£Ҫܳһʱ䣬ΪĳЩͻ״뿪
̨ﻹһЩī֭ʯʺ󷽻һ磬Խ磬ӦǱϢ䣬涼ǸɽˮҲһЩﻭһһ۴ŶңҹǳĻ档
ȻŶңҲһϢףһʮӣͥ棬ü罣˸оɲʲôʿһߣ˫üܿǳ
𡭡һǱˣȷܸоһǴ֮ǿߡһҲԻѾ塣
ٿΧЩֻŲͬͣйɽˮҲǳнçɽҲоǳء
ûʲô֮Ҳû֮еıҪ뿪Իȭ
֮ʣ俴ӲݵأűһǹĵӰ
ǵӰġ䣬һԲƣֻǵӰЩͬѰ
濴һ󣬺ȻơǱϵһģ
ֿ𣬹ȻԼܿһ壬ֻǻĽǶԼλպ޷ʲôӵģ֮ǰûдϷʲô֮ͬ
ɾˣ˭֪վǹ֮£γɵĵӰƫƫ⵹ӰϣֳһƣҿԽʵֵǣƿǶģΪӱվλǳγɵĵӰҲԿģˣӰϵ壬ǵӰҲͰˣΪλڵӰ֮гֳʵƣ
Īʲô
Ķһܸоλ𲻼򵥣ⶴͨû֮еĸûʣرƫƫһ֣豹󲻷ζ
ȡϥͽעڵӰϵơ
ߣϲԼϧĶ塢ָ֮Уϣһն񣡡ͷźӿ뵹Ӱ֮Уע⵽֮С
Ȼ
֮УΪҪһʱ䡣
û뵽ڲͻȻͿʼɣȻƿɲʲô񣬶̺ͨĴڡ
˼ƣ㾿ʲôֺϹ룬Խ
˿˿һ㣬뵹Ӱںš
Ի񣬺Ȼκ˵һʶȻע⵽˻˭ȥעĵӰ
ٿӰʵҲģŲٻݲγɵĻҰͼҪָӵӰ֮ҵӰƣжѣ
֮ܿҲֻżȻȻһ۾Ϳƣֱܷ⻭еܡ
˵Եˣ
ͻȻһ޶
ܿϾǴ磬κһʿҲܶԸġ
Ȼ䣬ָֻ̬ΪȻơ
ǡ𣿡濴Ż֮Уǵƣһɾ֮Ȼ֮ǰǹɲˡ
ֱӴҾǱ𣬿Ƕ˷ֱܣϲ㣬㱾ԵͬʱҲһ컯㣡
컯ˣգȥ磬ɱ̫һİվͶһŵơ
϶棬컯ʲôʿ֮ԸðգսΣգΪУǶ棬Ҫһ׹Ϊ̫
̫
˹õģŹˣûмˣǵڰˣǵھλŹʿ
ǵھˣ
ԺԽϾţϰˣҲԻҰ˸磬̫ˣڤڤ֮жһϵһݴУһ޵飬ŹʲôܣҪԼȥ̽Ҳֻ̫࣬й
ˣ
ǵûҰ˸磬Ͼţŵܡ
ǣ˸磬ǰ˸硭ںδ
⣬ʵǺã
֮еرһ󣬺Ȼꡣ
Ͼţ˼Ƿǳ˼㲻ʱİɣһ󣬱ͻȻ˵
ʱѵѵ˸磬֪ǴգʮԪģʱ緭ɽ
ܿԹȥʱȻԭģҲ̫֪࣬Ϊλڣ㱾ӦóֵʱʵʮԪ֮ǰʿȻȴеδγɽʣ
˸
񾳽糬Խ㣬ܿһЩ㿴ĶϾţΪʱգıڱʱܶѾ仯ԭҵĴУڲ֮󣬱һ˵õʱշһнʣ㡣
ԭˣһܿ˸⻭еܣҴʱգǲҲıδǱõõ㴫еˣ


3181 ̫
δһ̣Ѿ仯ڱõõҴеǸˣȻڲ֮ȻܷõҵĴУǻģѾ޷õ̫ΪŹֻܴһˣһõĴУ컯ģҲģ㲻عǫ
ˣ
Һ㣬Ҫһʱ䣬㻹ʹɣ㿪ʼһԽ˵ķ֮·ʵҲһܴ֮;Ͼţһһط㣬ú̫
Ͼš
ƺоʲô
˵꣬ɻ
û뵽ǣպѾʧʶѾš
̫ʲôΪλ֪ԼһС඼Ϊܣδ֪ġ
˸ܶϤȥδ֪һУ⾿ǺεΪҲ޷͸Щѵ˸ǳԽĴڣ
ĬãȻںơ
ٿ
ãӰ֮еƣͻȻΪһâӻ֮еӰӡüġ
һԴɫƣüģȥƣһΡ
С
̫
кŹûУ⴦Ӧûкܶö
Щżÿ˽硣
¹ȥãҲ໨԰ͤͱǹ

ٿƹӣûκ⣬Է˽⣬ֵõһЩܴӹϢһЩ
һȡ٣ŮõķȻһǱΪ˼ĳˣǿȡߣҲòϣ֮˷ѡ
һȡ١
ȼ䣬һЩݲݣȻ̺ԪȻǸ߼ݣһЩ̫࣬ʵһЩͿںϽѪҩ޷ݡ
˹ݣûˡ
֪࣬˽磬ʹЩżϿʼչһԪֱӸơ
羳绮֡
մ󲿷ֹƣȻһǰһ
һŴʿһЩ򵥽ܣʿ磬һΪλλλԲ񡢴Բ񡢰ס
һ˴󾳽磬ÿһ绹еͽסнס߽ס۷֮
û뵽羳磬а˴󾳽磬ҴʿڶΪҾȻû񣬾޷հ˴󾳽磬ԼΪʵ
ֲð˸˵Ѿƻ編磬СһѾʿͬһ編֮·
ͨգʵӦλ񣬲ǵͽλҲнףӦǸ߽λһ۷塣
ͻ۷λ񣬾̤λʵ磬ֻλǿߣֲоǱǿԭѾǰ磬һ֮ǿߣ
̫һӦҲǰ磬Ҿ̫һ滹̫Զʵ꣬Ӧа취ʱ佫ʵ߶ȣʱ仹ÿԼ
մʿһЩϢͼżݸƣԪԺȥ˽⡣
ż࿴ַ֮ҸһС䡣
෿һЩҩҲһЩϣǱԭ˸Ϊ߼ĻԭʯҲʯһࡣ
̫ˣôԴȡһ֣㹻ȥδ磬һЩҩ
ɲȡһ롣
ʵô౦Ҳòϣʵ޷Щȡ̫Ҳ˷ѣȥδӲбȻҲ㹻ʵԴ
ȡһ֣һ֡
֮УóʯϵʼУͬʱҲǧ¯ѪһЩ֣ʼƸ񵤡
һ񽣣Ʒʳ̫һ澭񽣽ӷһ񵤣иһĩǧ¯ڵѪںϡ
𽥽ϱµ񵤣һƳѪøɣҲ֮޿ֱŸ߼ʯ¶ӣʵ죬̫ࡣ
ҴӰ˸ıһϣñǳԵͷޣǷݿռʧȥ
ûѡ׵飬Щ¶ݹ¶ܴϵõο壬ϾҲǴӷ˾Ϳʼһ·ߵ졣


3182 
ˣ
ͻȻγ飬ΪѪֿʼ
Ѿ̤۷λͻλŵͽλʵԭͻơ
ԴûԴĲ֮࣬ǰûдԴʵѣҲףõٺöһƽ
ݣ
һ͵˫ۣ򶴸ڴ󣺡ΧȻʿϢϿ
ԭʵøӦ쳣
ޣǳȥ
֪ʲô滹Ǿ뿪Ϊ
ЩǿΪӵǿߣһɡ
ʱڶղ٣ԱʩչںϷӡ뿪˶
ٰȻǵͽλΪڴʱ֮Ӧ
صȻ״̬£֮󣬸Ӧ׽ʮ⣬мϢ쿿ӦΪ𶴸
ɳʮңʩչϢںϣӵһЩȵľϵԼΧȻľϵɶΪһ壬ֻҪرǿߣϸ鿴һƬ޷ӦĴڡ

һЩʿ
һʮˣЩ˴磬ӦǷΪ
Ϣ
һЩϢʿ淢¸ؼ¼֣Ϣ
ӵ񣬲ǴʿҲ֮ΪСڵĹ壬ûģֻһӵ˰ˡ
ԼһҿʮǰеλλʮˣϢ޷ӦԲ񡭡
λ滹ܲѾǳǿˣǶ֣һЩϢޣоȻԲ
ԲκһܴݻλλҲһԲĶ֡
롢ࡢҰղͼѰҹ϶˲һҵҲҪĺһ
һΡȻ˵պñ
⴦̫ңԶŲͼѰһδ޷ʵ֣һ޹
һҵģ
߲Źκν䣬Ѱš
ףεˣ
ʱʮǿ֮У˾һ
ԭһŮʮ꣬εȥ
ۣѰȴҪһ鷳ûЩǿ޶ԣŮʣҲĮ顣
׶
λ鿴Ů
ĮȻȵҿңһ˿ǼѰղͼ棬Ǵ϶ڸΪҵȴ¡
ǰѰΪأ󲿷֧֡
үүû£û¡Ůǳ£һҩ˻ָ٣ûж
չף෢ֶӦû취ֻܰһλչŮ
ʮ˼𶴸ʮǰ
ǹȻΪ𶴸ȥ˸綴ȷвٺöЩԲ񣬱Ȼϡ䱦ͿȺûǸ򿪶
濴һĻԼЩڡ
֪ôͽбȡǷԻӦôߡ
һӦϣ޷ƿ˼һֺ֮УͷŸӦעʮֽԶȥ
ʱŮӣϢ
ӹʵףû°ɣ³ΪµҩЩ
ʮһ꣬ǳ£һҪϢ֪ҾͲӦôӦүү鷳Խҡ
ӰοҲǿǵƫƧΧգ˵;ܷһЩϡڶ־Ϊ㻯뽫κã
ԭ׵Ůˣ󣬴ŮԼΪ
˼
һӡ
ԸӦÿҸֱ֣𶴸

ۣ
ͼҡ壬͵Ϯҡ
͵Ϯֳ䲻⣬͵Ϯңڱ𶴸ǰɱ
̰ǵĻЩ˸֪˸ҪǲܵģȻ໥ɱ޷⣬һڡ̰ģҲ⡣
ãףࡢҲغԼδ͵Ϯңҵøȥæ
ʱһ˼Ҷ绢Ծ
׶磬Ҫģ
غãǸϵĪҪʩչλƿշȥԱ
үү磡
׶ţĬĬᡣ


3183 ɱ
Щɱֲϱɱܻˣ޷ģһ濴ʮУй˱ɱ׼뿪

˭֪͵ľ
ԭ֪ʲôʱ򣬼߾ȻΧס
Ǹߣ׿ߣŵö£Ǵ߶λһںɫ񽣣ɱһ𻨡
䣡
ϧ߷ǳβһɨͽһ飬оڴǰλʵʲô
߼͸ź·ÿһƬ߼׶һףŮ׼ʩչɱնҲ޷˵ףɱ顣
ۿ޷֣ɷ޷ͷλƣһâնŮǿ̫౶
λ񡭡
һͷ
ۣ
Ȼ䣬Ӱɱɱְ侲׼ʱ޷Ӧٶɱ
һնһɭɭƤףǺƤ˲̣Ҳһչ⣬ֱѪΪ
ǳԽλѵԲһͷ߿ͬ鱻ɱ֮дž¡
ȶѪ֮УѪ񽣣һս񣬳Խλ
ɺ޵ĸ߼ͷҲҶ֣񽣣ʧ
׼ʧŵ̱ڵأҲ޷סû񣬡лȡ
񽣣ףҲ·ССͣڴˣ
һģҵүү˵䣬׺Ȼű𶴸Ƿ͸Ž
ʵ𶴸ǰɱѾͬھûռˡ
ˣ
ʱͻȻ˶æǰȥ
û׷ȥʲô˽⣬ΪһЩӦȴ
߿գǰȥ𶴸ڼǿʬǰͷʹޡ
ǣĿӣȻӷ֮š
Ѳк󸣡ҲΪ⣬֮ǰͷŸӦֶˣû뵽˻һ
׼ţȥŲ֡
侲ŽԼʬʬ嵹ûȥ˼
ȡҲ뿪߶̫ʯա뿪߿ջص棬µĴʬ壬Ǻö
Ȼ
ʬ˲䣬ͻȻһ硣
ת͵һɣһӰ͸ɭɱ⣬Ҳ
ΪҪɱң֮࣬ٶȣҲ̫죬ԱǿһЩˡ
⴩͸¶ˣȻ
˵ܣǱ𶴸û뵽Ȼⷽ磬µǿߣ
ɫ԰ףˣλΪ㹻նɱ棺һ棬û뵽ĵڴˣΪʣС㣬˴۾Ϊ˶ҲΪ㣬ø֪
Ҹ֪ʲô𶴸Ҳûᱦ뷨ֻǸպ·⴦ա
֪ˣ
Ҳɱң
ҼС㻹Ǻӣ֪ЩЩ˵ģΪǽѵģвң֪𶴸λãעҪ
ϧλˣҲɱң
ԲѣȻ޷͸Ϊܸоλڴ磬λ㲻ø֣СӣĪң

һ̾ڹ£ͻȻץһЩ߳һɢǱֹ
һλΪܼԦҰɱطһֲ
磬Ϊɱո
û뵽ǣҲӺ󷽾Ӷʵ
ͷ𣬽ճһĴѰ䣬׸ͷ𶴸С㣬֪𣿡
ҵȻʱ֮оţΪһͳһ磬ʵɲ⡣
컯һ컯ΰղͼҵĶǱġ
𣡡
Աִڣ֮жٱõһУδǴһͨСɳΪһ磬һĴڣ
ȷȸҡ
С㣬ϢҲɱУԶҲС
Ȼ䣬ٶȼӿ졣
׳Ĭţ׷һʱ䣬һտҲĲݵأܼһЩҶޱ̸Ұݡ
ϢһͽλٶȲʵҲϢǰҸӦ֮УΪͻȻƾʧˣ
ΧȻֺʲôҲûУû˿ϢΪ


3184 ں
һλȻλǰʧˡ
øӦѰΧһݵءֺհ󣬻ûзټ
ʲôˣͻأͳ⣬ԵҵĿռ֮У⣬֪𶴸˷ʧƱػѰұ𱦲ءޱȡ
һμš
߾ˣǻȥ˵ȿܲܽ𶴸󷽵ȴתȥ
Сӣã´οɻ
ĵҲֻ㬶ȥ
ȥⷽʯռ֮⣬֮У̫ʯطںϡ֣С˲ʯ֮¡
ס治óֹ£ɥڴˡ
Щ£Էһλʵ޷λնɱһλ
⴦ʱգʵ˵𶴸һ˸磬Լ൤ҩԴؼ̫
֮ǰͨλλʵٱ߶̫ʯҲײ٣ÿ̫Ź䲻򵥡
뵽ǰ֮ãҲܸд
һ۹ǿգٴδ߶Ӧط̫ʯΧǳպȻһ㡣
ʯȻգʧ⴦硣
̫ʯһδʱգգź󷽵ˣǰһֱǿ״̬
طѰ߶Ҳ첻̫ʯӳ֣ձ֮ǰײ١
̫
һʶ̫ʯ
󲿷ʶʼ̫һüĴͳһƣԼɼ̫
֮͸һȣ֮һЩԪ󣬻Ϊһƪķ̫
˸ƣͷ΢΢֮ĪǾҪ̫Ҫĺ֮
ס̫и棬ʱոսӡķ߶ȫüĻӿһɵ
纮ҹ֮УһĨδ̫ܣǾôһȥܸոΪ
ԱǺ̫֮Ҫĺӡ
̫أŹ⣬ĻǺ֮Ҫкֲֹ֮ඥú֮ںϣ̫
ַʽ̫ʯ࣬ûеõӦУô˶޷õӦط̫ʯ̫´ˣûк֮Ҳ缦ߣ޷
飬ʱ׸ࡣ

üƣɱĴӿһ˿˿֮ɲƢȫ·һ㡣
ţֻһ֮ˣȥô΢Ȼڱ˲ܵٻ֮ȻܳԽҵʮ
ˣ
ȫԺ֮Ϊģ֮˲룬ͷ·Ϊʮ籩
ʮ꾫ȴֲһ˿˿֮
Ҫ֪ʮ֮У̺˸ޡ̫ʯֲ̫ʯǿԺĴڣ֮С磬ںϵֲʮǷǳġ
ں֮ǰϪĲֲ࣬ģ֮صһ㡣
֮ʲô񡭡ԼԼҸоǳԽ̫ʯ
һоͻأøΪʵ
̫ʯľһ̣֮Ա֮£̫ʯ֮ں·ûκų⣬֪Ǻ֮Ͽ̫ʯʲô
ú֮ôһ˿˿̫ʯ˲ںϣ̫֮ʯʣǳԽģ˵֮
ȫԺ֮Ϊģʼһַӡǣȫ֮ںٶࡣ
̫ʯӿľҲԽԽ죬Ҫɵҩ߼ʯóһС
֪ãȫڱ仯һСת˺֮󲿷֮С
ҵʵѾ̤нλ벻֮ʵ˾˵
ʵѾ̤һݣоһҲҪͻơ
ϴӱ𶴸õ񵤡ʯԴԼ̫ʯͷųʵֱ̤λҲڼʱڴɡ
Ȼ
һΪѾ̤߽λʵ仯̫ʯͷų֮ǰ̫࣬ٶҲ˲٣һ룬ѳɹתΪ֮


3185 Բ
ϴǺϲ̫ʯһ˿̣֮ޣҲڿʼɺ֮
Ҳܴ󷽣֮ǰܻ᲻ã᲻ãûκԴõ𶴸ڲٱӵ㹻Դȥδ
̫ȥ粻ͻƣ̫ʯںҲǳˡ
̫ʯǰʣֻռΪϡٵӵк̫֮ʯΪһֱʯʱ
¡
͵Ѫ𵴡
ͻˣҴλ۷壬̤λ񣡡
ԭͻơ
λ
ϤʽѪžһըã޳λ
ʱ仯˸ΪһЩüǵԱĴƣҲ֮ǰһЩ
Ȼͨı仯ҲǾ˵ģٶһЩ̫ʯҲΪˮ
ʼȫ̫̫֮ʯںϣƺյĳ֮Уչأĳ˯֮С
֪º˶೤ʱ䣬̫ʯգԽ˶ʱա
ڰ֮У̫ʯǻ
ڲ棬üƻΪ˻ɫҲΪ˻ɫǰֻâ
ޣڲټ޲֪ʲôʱ򳤳צӣһβͣԶžԶһͲͨ塣
ͷųİɫںţ޷ݵǣ̫ʯ֮У̫ʯڻΪںϡ
ھȫΪ˺֮ҴʱΪȻ̤˴Բһжǰ˸µԴԼ̫֮ʯɱ䣬ҪǺ֮Ҳڴ󼸸Ԫʱڣλ̤Բ񡣡ʱԦ̫ʯգ·ͨ״̬Խһס
Բ
̫ʯգ󼸸Ԫû뵽񣬾˾˸߶ȡ
۴磬ԲҲǿߣĴʥ
δܸӦҶң̫һڴϢ˵ʱڵδ
Ҫ
Ϊ֮Ҫʼ̫ʯںϣһЩʣ̫һ澭ƷһͨƷʣԲ߶ȡ
ʱ䲻࣬Ȼ̫£̤Բǿߣ̫һǰʲô
̫һһϵİԽԲ񣬻һ
ҪΪ񣬲п̫һ濹Ŀܡ

̫Ȼڷ֮Уʱ̷񵤣ʯΪһ״̬ں̫ʯ
ȻǴԲ񣬵̫ʯԺĴڣϿɺ֮ҵתΪɣÿں̫ʯ̫һ԰磬޷ںϣȴԴԲ㿪ʼںϡ
Ȳţãʼֱ̫ʯȻѪ֮󣬻ΪѪʼ̫ʯںϣԼѪࡢ͸̫ʯڲ
ҵ壬ѾܰԵںӡԭ˵ʣ֪̫ʯҲںѪ֮УʯΪһ֣ôԵ
һΣֿʼ˯ֻһʶ߶Ԧط̫ʯʱա
ΪѪԼˮ֮С
ֻûǰǰ˳ǻΪĻޣݣҲҧ顣
ˡޡ̫ʯں֮С
ʱڻԣѾڣĴڽ֮С
ʱ̫ʯٶȽΪʶһѾ޷̫ʯҲԭΪѪ̫ʯںϵ档
ΪѪʱȻ󲿷͸̫ʯ֮УȻ̫ʯͨɫ£ȻһѪɫƺѾ̫ʯѪಢƿء
̫ʯٶԽԽȥ޷ֵһ֮ͣ͡
ಣ
ǣͷ޾Ȼ̫ʯ
Ǵں̫ãҲ̫ʯںϣӵʯҲܳʯ
޷ǣ̫ʯǰȻһɻ̫ʯȻԼĴ¿ռ£̫ʯʶԦӦطմ硣

ͷ޾ϹŻڻ֮У̫ʯطһ硣


3186 
֪ú
̫ʯ徹ȻΪѪɫ΢
ʯڲʯҲΪѪɫ͸ЩϢӰޱʵ
û뵽һ죬ԲΪԴԲ񾳽磬̫ʯںϡ
ʯȻ˵ˣġ

̫ʯͻȻͣ˷Χ̫ʯߺϴ
Ϊûٶȣ̫ʯӴ£˲ʧһδĴǺ֮С
Ҫʱ䣬̫ʯںһʱ䣬ȻʯںϣʯʧΪҵ̫ʯ
ʧʯڲ棬һ̾
ͷ޿ʼΪ滤ΧǺ֮ǱĿǰʵҲŴԲ߶ȣ㹻նɱ󲿷
ˣ
̫ʯͷȹâʼһѪɫԼɫؾʯ汬
ΧؾҲϾ£ںٶȲԽԽˡ
Ƕȹܳ¡
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䣡
֮У̫ʯɲһźǱըâλΪ棬ͻȻڰǺ֮УŴһ޷γɵ׹âγһʰ쵵׿ռ䡣
̫ʯըɱըֽȥ
Ǵ̫ʯƬǳǲӰӣЩƬȴźֻ֮ɫϢȻʯʼ£
䣡
ٴһ
Ƭ£Ϊһʯˡ
ɫ£ʯӿһЩѪ֮УֱΪģһʯŲӰ
̫ʯˣֻƮǺ֮УΧʯϢƣģͷųȫ͸һ㣬ʱյĻɫΡ
ϴ󣡣
ҳ֣İŴʱ档
ҳɹں̫ʯԴԲ磬̫һ涼£
治ϲĿԼ֪Ǻ»ǻ£Ϊ̫ʯںϣΪѪһ֣Ȼҵʵõ޷̫ʯֱ仯δƽ٣ǷӰ죿
ӵȴ˲
֮ǰû̫ʯں˳̶ȣϾ̫ʯҪʯںϣƽ١
⣬Щ޷ܡ
ѾںϣȳʵͿȥδ桭Ĭãڲìܡ
ڻǴԲ񾳽磬һüԪʱ䣬Ž̫ʯںϣʱ䣬ҪΪҴʱ̫ʯ壬Ȼס
ԺͲˣҵΪ̫塯ӴԺ̫ʯѪ
̫塣
̫ʯ֮ԼѪǾ
ǽ磬գֱͿˣ
Ӧһʱ䣬̫ʩչӦطΧռ仯Ϊ˼״̬
ڣ벻ڴʱ֮Уס紩治ͷޡ
ϴõЩԴԼ̫֮ʯֵҲûʵ޵ǫĺܡ
ޣռʱһӿһϤ̫ʯ֮ҲͬĿռ䡢ʱ䷨ѾѪ֮УȻӵ̫ʯĴ
ಣ
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紩״̬£Ȼ澹Ȼʱգʱ䷨һϣѾԽ̫һ桢Ҷȡңɾ͵һˡ
ǼΪһȻ硢ռ䡢ʱᱣŴ״̬ʱҪͻ񡣡
û󣬾Ͷޡ
ţڴ״̬£̫Ȼڴ״̬£մұԴѾ̫󣬶ɡ
һ˯һ㣬ң̫壬Ǳ˹Ҳ¡
һֱŻɫâƤΪɫѪⶼΪɫ
ǰڣǻɫʱΪԺ֮ΪĻɫ
̣
ʱģִµ棬ͻȻը֮ʣȻ˫ͫ
ϴҪͻˣ˺һЩ
΢΢һ֣ͣһδĴǿ֮С
ž
ոͣ˷Ѫ̫ɽƬǿգɼ̫ô̡
ǰһûʲôͬ
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ߵĸо
ͻƳɹڴӴԲ̤


3187 δϣ
һۿ磬ǰ羹ȻƤ֮£ǳһƽ߶ȡ
ҳ񣬼̫ʯ̫һ棬ҪɱʱңҲװɣδˣһʱ䣬Ӧ泩ٴδ޴硣
ȫռعΣҲͷϢţһڿռ£ʱ
ڣ˲غƯ̫һ澭ϱգƷʣʱʱںһЩʯٿϣ绯Ϊռ䣬ڶǻڷա
ŻԪɻգҲһ˯ա
̺ʱ̤棬ڻΪһΪһ塣
Ȼڴһ
Ҫ𣿡
֮棬һ˫۾ҲΪ˻ɫϢ޷ֿѾںϡ
ץһҶµķͷ
ǰ磬ϾһĨЦݣڸӦһ˿˿ӣǰԶڵĴ磬ԽʮԪˡ
ϧǸ߽Ϊ۷廹һʱ䣬ȵ˴磬УӦͻư硣
ΪȻûoе񣬱Ͼ򣬵Ϣ߽ࡣ
һ߽λκδʱǶվ۷Ĵڣνһ֮֮ϡ
Żһʱ䣬մʣٴ̫һ澭Ʒʣ
һξҪ
ΧԽ״̬µĴ磬ץٴʯЩǸ߼ʣ쳣̡
ȴգΪҺ壬ϴ̫һ澭֮УƷʻһξ롣

̫һ澭ƷʣҪע
治ԼͨУҲʩչ˲͸ڴĴ֮УֻҪһЩֻ׵硢籩ȫƿ̫һ澭
ϴƺҪˣѾܸо̫һϢ
ãͻȻ˵ˣͬŵһǿϢ
̧ͷͿǰ޵ĴգȻһƬƣʰ쵡
ֲֳ̫࣬ͬǣʰ쵵Ĵ֮УҶȡңǳϢȻ̫һ档
ǵˣ
̫һ澭ʩչ֮֮·һvľ޿ٷʴ硣
ಣ
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ӦطʧˣҲ磬̤磬ǰǺӣ޷ν磬Ӧ̫һڵĴΧ
ţ
üͷһȻϿմ磬Ȼʱʱڣǻһ޷ݵ׵Ϣͻأһɫ׵磬һ羹ȻըһڵĴ
Ҳɲϴ󣬺ÿµǻޣȻҲûĻס
˺ֻϢΪов
Ҳһɣзĸо
ЩʱʱӴգֵĺɫ׵磬޷ݣиоһ
ӣѾ磡
δĴ磬ʮԪ̫ʱΪӡ
߶ע뷨ϣҶңոӦ
ಣӦطӦҶȡңϢܲ׽·ٷԾȥ
ãͿһƬ貵Ǻӣһ磬һԼʿϢ
ֻǣ
ͬʱƬϿգʱʱ֮ǰʶĺɫ磬ɱպûλãһǹƵ磬֮ڻ籬ը级˳磬Ǵռ䣬ܼϵ顣
Ȼʱճ֣ߣ֣ܿѡΪȫĴ硭
޷˹ȥ
պɫ׵γɵķ籩ƣ޷˵̫ʯ̫Ե
ǰʧ߰˰ˣǿ߷ɳ޲ϵ
֮Уǵһμôǿߣδʱ
ЩǿԲ񡢴ԲΪǧˣڼͷ£ϵ޸
˭
û뵽һǿߣע⵽ֻ޵棬ϣƺͬҲδġ
ǺεȻޣǿҲͶĿ⡣
ڻ֮濴żȻԼûȴ׿Ϊ


3188 δ£
Ϊû񣿡һߣµʵ
ͬѾһ֮;ûʲôģҲ˽δơ
ˣԭһԽʿ񡣡ʱΪˡ
Ҳ֪Ϊ˱飬ԭС磬һʥ˲һ֮·һģڴ磬ҲǳԽʿһδ֪֮;
Ҳ֪⴦Ϊ硯
磬δ磬һ磬Ϊľǿƿء
ǰ֮磬Ϊ졯ǹ֮һ硣
ǰֱǡ졯齣졯Ѱ졯졯ĴǿߣҲǹƿصǿߣǿߣ
λ꣬ճΪİͬΪλʵȻȲϹ
е죬ѮȴԵ÷ǳ񣺡ѣ񣬷κδ磬ϱȻԵͼҼҰ˵Ϊϡ
С

ҪȥΪ졣
ȻΪδӦ÷ǳ˽⡣
졢齣졢Ѱ졢Ĵֶһ쾧ϵ
쿴һ򣬵У滹ʮ򣬶ƿأÿһҲмΪ𣬰һƿء
ѣֻ޿ɲ򵥣ǾȻû˷ǿע⵽ޡ
Ҳ̫Ҳϣ֪ȥɲ˵޵ȷҲ˽⡣
Ѱ棬ɫһѣ¼ҪŵһЩϾһʿǹţֻҪõ϶磬Ժߡ
л
⼸˵ûʲô⣬治ˣֻ˽ⷽ磬ڼ䣬ֿΧһɫ׵磬һǿ֮С
治ʵǺɫ־ʲô˽⣬ִδֲܼ
ʵûɫģʮǰⷽ磬½֣һλһ飬ҹСӰ졣
ʵֲŰһǹ磬취ŪɫֵȥҲʱ̻򣬱١齣쵣ǵ
׼ڵ硣
ಣ
֪֮С

˲䣬ʹӾϵоֿ԰Ǻоġ
һƯǰʮɫһǳͷ鱦⻪ֲټ˷ϼ֮С
ϷһӲӵģǻƽɡ
ĴִƽЩȻǴԲ
ǰ
񣿡
ע⵽棬һ
ڴ磬ȷߵĴڡ
ǰδ̤Уһɰֶ棬ΧĴҲһÿҪϢ
֮
룡һԼʮĽͯӣֳһƽȣ档
ġ
Ĵţһ
ڽø߼ʯΪҺ壬ԷɣΪ壬ʥһʯ̶ɣʯԼװ֮ѹ޷
ϷһۣͷڵӣĿ࣬ŨüĿһ˿
һĴ
氵дһߣȻ鴫˿ܻɱһ
ϷվһЩԼʮˣɫɫﶼУͯӡŮꡢߣ͸һǻ
߽Ϊֻеʵʵ֮У޵еĴڡ
˿͸񣿡
ѵû񣿡
ûĻһ;ߡ
ߴʥһڰдΪϢȥǶһ㣬û
û޷еģǴ˶֪ģ֮;ʿ
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3189 
ΡȻף֮ΧϢ£㲻ǹ磿
磬һֱ;Уû뵽̤磬һ棬˵ʥء
һλЦǹ磬ǿ֮һѣ죬㡣
ӲҵȣÿԻᷢŸ߼񵤡һ˵
ȻңԵ֣ҪһԻͰҵδٸԭʼ硣
ʲãƾԡ
ĴȻϲ죬Ժǻ뿪л⡣
ȻЦݣΪ˻һټʥһʱѻȸ
֮ǰЦӭǿߣĮȻ̧㣬Ҳ˾ġ
һ˵һˣһţѣȻ죬ͺúþһְǺܺ𣿡
ԥȭ³ҪߵģˣЩ£󡣡
ȥú룬ˣȥϢͻȻϷ˻֡
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Ǹ߽񣬻һ̤۷һǿߣ죬ȥҷвСӰ졣
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ˣڴҲǲģЩ˵ģһؼνԭҪѯⷽƣ˽̫һӣû뵽
ۣһ
ǿпƣɳһӣһǿֵɽ塣
ȻҶ֣Ҳ޷ƤߣΨԲӦ䡣
֮ܵʵʵ
ڴϢû̤벽󣬾ͽӡ
ȻԵҵ뿪£ֻ޷֮Ϣߣ״˭֪᲻ɱ֣խһСΪ
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¥󣬾Ī״Լʼ̫̫Լڶ̫һ澭
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ӿ泩о֮ᣬԽԽޣ̫Ҳ·ܿÿһ㣬һ˿˿Ŀֲʯ硣
ȡ̤۷Ȼ̤ҽڰ֮޵УԸ̫һӦҲ޻ᡣҲھ֮
꣬Ĵ֣ȰǸʾҳϣԺǺó·
ļ̣˵һȻûдӦ
ôǲԸ⣿
ʥڡ
ټأǰǹļ֡
齣濴Ѿ죬ǹκһ磬Ҫ뿪ⷽ硣
˼Ƭ̣Цʵ磬ҹƲϱֱҪȥͶ˼Ϊ֪
ж֪ˡ
ȹҿܳסмȥ

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ټշΪԭʼ磬ΪԭʼǴϹžһֱûб̤
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һâֵǿ֮УƯһ޴ĳǳأǵ룬һڣâ֯һϡ
ǵ֮У˷̫һ棬֮Уʵ޵еĴڡ
ȥ꣬ٶȣԼҶȡңڹȥʱԴӦòգδ˰ɣ̫һ棬˫ͫǳͻȻѡ
ˣ
ʮＲ
̫һǰ£һ˵ǱңЩ֣ոմϢǻδ䡣
ⷽأ̫һʡ


3190 ֣ϣ
˻ش𣺡Ҳûз֣ɳܶȥ֮⣬Ѱңûټ
ңһֵģ̫һ뿪
ɲ򵥣ȻʵǿһѾ磬Ҷȡңأұǿ֮ǰɱǿ̫ʯҶˮһա
ҶȣȻ÷̫ʯȥôҪ֪һжΪ£ֻҪҵ棬ǵʵɱһֻϣɲǹȥδʱõ̫ʯ̫ʯۿŻٽ١
̫һţΪʼʩչӡϢ͸ⷽټĻء

硣
ǹɺɫ֣ԽԵһ磬ֻ顣
ȥ
ۼ֮Уͳͳһǡ
ǿϷϢ̡
ҲܲˣⷽΧѾֻȥԽԵ죬иҪҴ
һֵҲֲںɫ־ûҪһ磬þϵ֮ҲȥһЩֹ
֣²У񲻵һΧ죬вˣҲֺУλǵÿԼ࣬Ҳ취ܲһЩ
˫ü¡ߣɫ粻
ҹֵ졣
ͯӭӣ֮߿գ̧ͷһɫ׵磬ʱʱ֩ݺγɣһǡ
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ѾǧȥҼ̤۷񡭡
һУԲҪ
ڼ䣬ɳһЩ˵ֱӾܾϾҪ뿪⴦ġ
֮Ҫһ㣬⴦Լ磬̤۷壬пܳ
̫һɹɻ羫ЩԽκθ߼ʯǴ缶ıԭˣҲû̫ǿ
ΧӴӿ׷ױڣΪһֲĻ羫ֱں֮ȫգΪɫ
ڴѪҺѪǵƤΪ˻ɫͷҲһЩɫâơ
϶ΪҲɫռ䣬·ܵһԺΪĺɻ硣
̣
ţȫ֮СڴƶѪ
ĸӦ״̬£ƺˣ˷Ϊڰռ䣬һпռֻ޵ġ
羫һɫΣڣһ޷ݵĻ硣
䣡
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ΪȻһűתۣʼѪ̫ӲȣȻѪ
ͻˡ
ͻһ̣ټ¥ڲû٣ͻ𵴣һ졣
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忪ʼܣԺ֮ΪԴΪһ¯ѪѲˣֳ̫
۷̤һپܳʱУҾܳҪҪһʱ䡣
⣬֮Ϊ̫ʯҲһڼóʯ̫һ澭Ʒʡ
ͬʱ߶̫ں֮һḥ̂ת
ͻ۷֮£ȻԵò㣬ʮϾ룬˵Щ
ΧͷųײǿϢʱΪһĿȻ
Ԫнⷬɾ̤ͣʮˡ
԰ǿ񷣬оԼС沢δйֻҪһҪԪĳҲ̤
ڣҲӵмԪϢΪΣ
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ȴԼ֮УһЩԪϢ
ǲܵģΪʮ꣬ûһԪҲûжȹԪĵ䡣
ݱļأԪϢһҲ˵ʱĳߺúãԪһЩͨڼԪϢǾģ
ãţ޷


3191 ֣£
⣡
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Ȼ֮ǰԤϣɺɫ֣ʮ𣬴һʼߵ죬ձ˿ֲ
˴󶯾Ϣ𽥸ⷽ磬Ϊǿߣʱ׼źһ硣
׼߶ڱԴ
Ҳơ
Ԫٻ֣ǼԪļԪδокɫĻšһ衣
һ֮ںϣƿأ߿ա
˿̣磬һ죬и֣׼Ժɫ֣ǿˡ
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ϧڳȥΧ󣬼Ҳ޷Ӧ͸֮⣬鿴
ǿƿصäκδͨ޷ԽԵİ
ҲȥʲôǴ죬ǵǿߣֻҪӹ
Լǹ޿϶ţ̫

죡
֮ǰʮ֣Χ
ǿǣΪ𣬴һ񷣬߶ʮ籾֮ʱʱ̿̿һֽ١
һɫͻȻ룬һͻȻΧɱû֮С
Ȼû磬ǴҲɫ֮ըһɫĢڿն

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ĬĬȴţ˶ϣɫǧɱ졣
꣡
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۽ӡ
ಣ
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䣡
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׵ڰըɫâ׵̲֮ɱûԷ
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Ϣ֮󣬻ǺɫָΪԵһɱպû·һ羧ϵ
羧ϵ̼飬ڲǿߣһ˲ںɫ׵֮£ɱΪ촷ۡ
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ԶйȻҲˡ
ͨģɺɫ׵硭ˣǴ񷣬ֵЩɫ֣û뵽Ȼⷽ죬һ뻯Ϊ档
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3192 
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֣ǲǴ
ԭָɵӦץסᣬû뿪죬ȻѰڴ硣
񷡢ء֮еĺɫֲͻȻͣ²ӡ
ȻһƬɷ棬ＸɺɫڱŷУҲƷɺɫܻһ磬̫ܿһ澭֮У٣
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̫ˣѴﵽ߶ȣһҪµĶ࣡
罣˿оĻһ̫ܿס
̫һ澭
ˣð̫һ澭Σգ׼ѹ֮С
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Ȼ̫һ澭֮УҲһЩ飬治޲£澭պüסһ飬ߣֻһ˿˿ֱ֣һ֣澭Ȼ֮¡
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֮ʮӡڿռ֮Уʩչ̫ͨһ澭һɺɫ־ںϣԺֱո
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ȻΣգ̫һ澭Լһ֣ѺۣʵҲΣգΨһ̣̫壬Լ֮
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3193 Ǹϣ
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ں֮ͷһ֣Ϊƿһһ߳ĺɫ֣ǰ
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ö
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Ϊλô
ǹҲţ磬һΪζˣ
Ĵǣ
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¡
â֮УȻ䣬âɢȥһ֣澹Ȼһٶ
Ϊϵ̫һ棬һɫۣһ̤ƶ·
ǡ
ⷽʮҲ̫һ棬¶η
ٿΪ
ӭˣһҲİ̫һλѣӭⷽƫƧ硣
ϵܣٴҲ
Ůۣӭֱ̫һߣһɴĺŮӡ
ҶһŮʥ궼Ҫֵ
ŮŮۣ
ȻΪŮۣ֮£һ֮Уܱ˶Դֻһ

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Ѱһˣ
ΪֶЩʧ
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̫ˣ
ǵ㲻Ȼʧɸɾ֪̫һ֣Ҫ˭
ҵġ
˺ʱһ޴
ţ
һٶ׷׿˷磬ƺѰǸ
̫һ浱һͫɱ⣬һȻСӶ̶ʱ䣬磬ʵȻ̤˰
ⷽǿߡڹΧЩİԷҲǰ
һǲϤ


3200 վ˴۷壨£
лλ󣬵ɱСӣһƽ٣ƽٹ󣬽һոµĴ
̫һЦˡ
̫һ棬û뵽δ磬Ұɣ
Զ磬ڱ֮УһӰǰ
һİʵ޻ϳ΢΢İϢоǿ󣬵ƺΪһ塣
İ
ǹǿǣԿһİӰԽʵ
浱Ц̫һ棬һվ˴۷壬ʮǰһվС۷壬ⳡǶôϤ
̫һ֣һԶȻأһнװж
̫һȻХҲλⳡƽһϵΪʱʿʮԪ֮ǰʱգӹȥڵδ磬ƻʱգֻ֣ҪɱⳡƽپͻƽϢ
ԡȥ
˻һ·һͣа￴Ϊ˾Ȼܴգӹȥδ޷ŵġ
̫һ涸Ȼһ裺״ۣⳡ֣նɱˣƽٽȥ
Ůַۣ׷׿Ůӡ
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ʶһλϢһʵ
۽¶һĨ棬ȷʶˣѵԼĳһλ´ǿߣ
Ҳʶȷ֪˭
Ŀ⣬̫һ棺ڴӹȥδһսֻնɱ㱾ҲҵС
λնɱˣдǽʱֶԸ֣ҷӪЩϾɱգͽնɱݲһߣҷ硣̫һɱ飬ѿնɱ档
һ̫ʯ
ɱȻܵõ̫ʯʱ̫ʯںϣ̫һ潫ΪдΨҶĴڡ
ɱףһͽװλ´͡û뵽ֱһЦ
Ůۣݺö˵ãɱҷӪΪǿˣһҵⷽ磬֡
ǴһӣȻΪ˳
תһڰ˭ȥն
ȥ
һλӶʮ֮зɳ
̫һ棬㲻ɱңĪ㻹ΪֻǸСͨʿЦ
мһЦ澹Ȼѡơ
ټգƷ磬𵴣ռ䶼ŤǱɼλʵôԵ
оλнװһƺС磬С綼顣
ռ䷨Ϊƣԣλռơ
ɲߣƬΧ̫һ濴Χ֣һǿȥ
ֻüϢǾͽΧڰ֮ڵĻգڴԣ̿ƾνƻҲܴ˰Χ֮ߡ
֮
ݣͨ糤߽ɱ˷ѹݶκԾĻᡣ
潫ٶռ䷨ãһδδ֮ͨУͨΪǰĴڡ
ǵͽװٶȾȻ編Ҳ߶ȣ˵ȷ򵥡
ռ䷨ƾֶΣҪӹȥգδ磬ǿܵġ
Ȼ編
ڳǿ߼洦ڲ֮أжȡ
ͽװнװ֮䣬ɲһǰ㣬ǰٱǧľ룬֮䣬ͽ޷Խ߽װ֮ϡ
ԹһнװȻʮغϣҲ޷ɱͽװ޷ͽװ½ǣֳڰܲԾ
ʵδʩչ£ȥԷ˶࣬һ֣ɱ߽װҪӦǳԿȻֻѡرܡ
һڻռ֮Уͨɱ


3201 ļɵ
Ҳڿǰ棬ƶʵǿһЩô
Ǹ߽װʵʵҲκβﲻи߽װΪֲ۷
̫һִڣһ۷֣ʱΪ»޷ġ
ҵߣȻ󾡿Ȼȥұػ
˼һӣ˼Ҫߡ
ԵͽװΪнװϰٻغϣδˣƾеһ棬Ѿǲ˼¡
ಣ
ռ䷨ȻںϣΪֻ֮ͨʣȻֺڶУԾС
Ҫߡһպȵ
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ٶ̫죬һǰա
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ˣǸ߽װһĴһԻ죬Ȼûн磬һ顣ӳ졣
ٸʱ䣬ٹȥʮ꣬Ҫ̤߽ס۷ʱ
е̫һ棬һ
ֻʶĲ򵥣ҲеʵϾܴգ磬û뵽̶ʮ꣬ղλʵȻһͽװ߶ȡ
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˵̫һֻǵһ鷳ȴов̬ĳɳٶȣ𺳵ˡ
ಣ
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ಣ
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ԭǹǿߣһߣǸӦⷽսҲ˹
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Īǻд֮еŮۣ
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ʶֲʶ˽棬ڼǧǰͻȻҵĴ죬ʱӦ۷Ϊұ£Ǵ˲飬ȻǧĽ죬Ȼ̤ұҪû뵽
񣬿Լȷ治̫˽⡣
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˰ǧ꣬ʹ̤磬κδ磬κʱǲֵܳģ
ӦǴӹȥδԶʿ
޲𺳣Ѿ治ɵ˿ҲϿɵĿ⣬һǿС
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ǴˡΪô࣬İ֣޷ס
Ҳ̫֮һҪɱǱѡվһ𣬷򡭡Уѵ
ˣ
εȻôϧңԶһ磬ⷽԵ֮С
֮ǰ;治򵥣û뵽޷һ
Žͽװʵ˲һЩ˵ͬ뷨
о־Ǳ
ǱǷǳµģҪһԪϵ³С
֮ӵͽͻнףҪһԪϵƾ£澹Ȼôʱ䲻ͻƣٸһԪ̤ۣ֮Ȼд۷塣


3202 Ҫ֮
뿪
̫һ棬ֻ˽Ĳ
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ۣ
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Ůۣ߳һ
λһʶԪ֮ǰʧ磬ȥ𶴸Ҹ
Ԫ֮Ľ죬ǸСѳɳΪһߴĴһˣҲɰ
㷢ˣȻգɵ˵꣬Ů۾һۡ
֮ɫºڵ꣬ûɱԵ֮û뵽ҲΪ˰ƭǡ
նݲ紵ҲΪΪǲô·ǴңԶģȻҲΪ𶴸ȥ
ۣҪնɱˣ
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Ů۴аװһͼɱȥ
Ŷǲ״磬Ů֮£ǿߵ𣿡
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״ˡ
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ٶ֮죬ڶϢͨĻ֮УΧһɱֲɱ׷治š
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âǶǰ

ͫһû뵽δ磬Ȼˣ̫һ棬
㻹ǵң̤˰
ܲǵ㣿ɱңϧߣʱҲ֣ѾԵȥ
ȷǵ㾳磬ܴҽߣ̫һ˵ǴӹȥԽδô˵ǴƫƧգ㴩·ˣ
ǣʱ²ɵİɣҲòϣԪ֮󣬵ǸСŮһˣҴ괩󼸸Ԫ֮˫˫Ϊϰ
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ڣһǺѹϢͻȻ
ƳƳԶ״ۣ֪ΪʣͬҲ㣬ȥ𶴸ɱʣ״ۣӦǽ뱱𶴸õнĳɾͰɣ
ǣõǰĶݣǰǰԪ̤棬Ҳ𶴸õ˲ٱｻǣԲɱ㡣
˭˵ԽĶ³ȥģ
Ѱ
ɲǣطһâˡ
նɱ档ΧֵİǿǣҲ޷Ը棬ָ
˵롣
ˣɲΪʲô˶ԣҪնɱ棬õϵı𶴸
ڱ𶴸֪ж಻
Ҹ߽װΪ棬ɱףɣ
꣡
棬÷֮ʣټգȻһɷ·ͷһѵը졣

Ȼ䣬ͿΧټգ֮һ㣬ȵĹ˳û
֮
˲䣬ط֮УΪδˣҪɱԭ
ԭҲкֻ֮мһ֣ҲӵϱҪɱ¾Ϊ֮
õ֮״ۿ϶ҲõĺӦ޷ְ˸Ƿܣֵõ֮һǴӶ֮УһЩ֮Уȡĺ
һ㱼䣬Щڡ
ڱ𶴸Դһʣߣ¾ûн״ˡ
ǻԵȻһʱ뱱𶴸õԭӦÿԳΪѣ˵ĲŪʱŪһȻ֮䷢޴ĸı䡣
žžž
ƿشֶΣȷ
飬淴Ӧʱ䣬߽װ·Ҫ嶼˺顣
ҲֶΣϻȴҲ˳ȥ
ǵ֮УǿŮۣǿߣô˶κβһ˾
ԾСʵɲǿһǰ㡣
ˣ
ˣעһһ
ҵþ뿪Ѱõİ취
֮У˲ص棬ڻΧҪɱ
棬ղҲ̫ˣ֪Ҵôǿɱ㻹ҶԹ޴
̫һ治м֮


3203 ڴ
֪ãҪɱõ̫ʯʯںϣḲ𣬶ʯУճΪٵһˣԽνĴ
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ΣȷϾǵͽףԷǸ߽װ
󾳽磬ҪԸ߽װ̫ѣ˺֮ʵ졣
û뵽һĪչ֮ʣڵ޾Ȼ˵ˡ
ͷϢһδ㡣
Խڵ֮У˭Ҳû뵽ǣ߳һŴһ
ֻһ߶󣬻ΪһɶıϣһڶŻҧȥȻֱӽҧ飬Ȼкڶڲ
ʲô
һҧգ
ܸˣ׷
Ǹ޷عͿһͷ˺ڶ
ԸٶȣԽ硣
ߣѾˣ̫һ״۸żڶ׷ȥ
ڰ֮⣬ͻȻ顣
޽˦뿪ת׷޿ߡ
ȻȻռٶȣҲڸ߽װԺһں󷽸ţԴʱٶȣ޷˦
ʦ𡭡
취֮ʣû뵽ѾõһϤǰԵ
ⷽ㡣Ҷ˻ն
ڣӸˡ
ޣԵȥûãһٶȣȻ׷
Щٶ۷̫һŮۣʵǿ޷ݣƲʮϢ׷ҡԽżãӾǰ
أ
һӤɭɭȻǰ紫
һ͸о
ѵǿˣ
޷ǰգͻȻһֻٶԶԶޣһǰճ֡
֮ǹΪ򣬻ںڣȴһԳ򣬶ֵǣֻͣû۾ӡ䣬ȫһɫ
оһĪϲС
ΪΡӵϢŵ
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Цеĵϴĵ֮һҶȣϴʦҲʦˣЩֻޱġ
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Ҷ
׷ĴЩ˼¶𺳡
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׷İǣ׷𺳿ųֵ
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ڴڴˣҶӦҲڣѵҶҲһնɱģ
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Ҫ֪ٴ֮У٣Ƕȴ࣬ڴ޵ˣ֮һ
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ǰһ̻ɵһ̣ǻ֤ˣԣ֮еĳޡ
ޡ
ϴں󷽵㣬ʰǣ
޼䣬޳͵һ
Ҳɵ޵ϢԽ˲䣬󷽻գһ޷ݵҷ籩
ԭ³һݣķ籩ݵ˲䣬ͻΪɫ磬ȻΪʮﾪ˺ɫ籩ٰ
ٺ٣ңǣǣ׷ȥ
Ҷȡң
ǰԵգ濴ϤޱȵӰ
Ҷȣ
ң
ʦǵʱѸӦϢʱ޷λã
ӭ֮Զȥ
һ޿ٶȥҲ׷ˡ
Ҷȸܵͷųİţû뵽ʮ꣬ʦΪ̤ͽװɾͰǸ߽װҲκβʦ𣬳۷
ңҲĺܣʦѾң磬Ϊʦ׼ϴΪõģȴû뵽ʦԼ̤˰
ģһů
ڴȻԵվ飡
аһƬɫǰ˶顣


3204 ң
̫һ֣벻ңȥζңڱӻ
Ҷңǽʱ䣬һĳǿߣҲǵ֮Уվ۷ĴڣΪУ£
ңǿڶ࣬һħԼڴޣɶ۷Ϊ
ûаٸ˽׷ȥڳ֮У˭ҲûаգңĶ֡
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̫һ滺һٴ磬֮УңӲ룬ҲǴһԱֵĻǣնɱǰң磬ڤ粻飬ֻɱǡ
縲ǻǣκαӻˣǵĵˣ״磬Ҫɱȥң硣
һ𳬼״˵
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ҸоЩɫ֣ԽԽ£ĪǼд綼ʧĻƽ٣
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ң־ǻƽһѾʮ꣬⼸겻ϱ񼸺д磬ֽ٣Ҳ޷ֵɫ֡
ʦΪҸоϣһʱҶȼΪ𺳵ʵ
Ҳܵˣң˫ۡ
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һж̫ʯйϵֻҪ̫ʯںϣⳡƽپܻ⣬Ҫģʦٴʵںϴ磬Ȼնɱ̫һ档
Ҷ俴ź󷽣̫һ;νĻˣڴ󲿷ֻ֣һӪʵЩ˶֪̫һ棬ĿǰǿĻͽˣֻҪӵжԿڴ߽ǣơ
ʱ䲻࣬Ϊʦʵ˵
磬ʶڶҲҪɱ̫һ棬Ƕôѵ¡
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ң磿ǰǺϢиӦһϢ޵ϢҲӦˡ
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ڻˣ
Խңʱ̣ͻȻâ֮УȻֻͫ
ͫⳤХһͷŰԵħȻâ֮УȻΪһĿ࣬γɵһħɷӡ
ðԵǿ
ҶȼЩɵܣʦӣСһԪеĺֵܣħ˷ĳħ񡣡
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ȻȥӸǰſȻħ񣬵Ըˬһ۷ΪҲûκο֮
Ҳýһʦ𰡣ħ˭˷綼µɷǣȴ棬ͨһͿ
ҲЦԼ˲
ҶȻɫһƣҪʦȥϴ󣬹̫һ༸ʱ䣬ͻɱΣǿɲСС֣ҹţǻᶯǿûң磬Ϊʦϴʱ㣬ֻסǡ
Ҫǵã֮У밳һսĴʮˣȺ˿ǱС˰
Цţħٻ˽ң硣
ң磬澹ȻܵգʮԪ֮ǰСһЩϾϢ
УʮԪСٵĴʱ֮С
ͷŸӦƬ磬󣬶Ҷȡңħķ֯ΪһռεıݣŴ磬ʱΪհ
ңдСС磬Ϣٶˣ󲿷ֶǵͽסнף߽װ̫࣬۷ҲҶȡңħ
Ӧã̾û뵽ҵĵӣʮԪ֮޾֮Уһ財׳۵Ĵ


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˭֪һʮԪ֮ǰŵȻδ
֤˵õߵۣ֮Ϊ
벻ӣȥȥҲ޷δ
δӣȴҲġ
һӣǷ˻ʿĳɾͣǻôǹҫ鹣ǴԺա
Ļ壬ʲô
ʱһЦòҲĿΪõеҶңȻܿˣ޷δʢһӣĳɾͣҲǻŵ塣
ʦ𣬴Ǽƻգȥδ㣬øԷжǻᣬǱң磬ʮʱ䣬Ϊϴ󣬱λġ
û뵽ʦܿԼ磬ͽΪίʵ޷š
ϴȻ԰ʦ߽װΪ۷ƺѡ
Ӵ棬Ϸ
ң硣
⴦ǹ⽻֯γɵǺӣ٣ټ޵
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ʦʦ֣ʮɵϴ󣬼ⷽ磬еĻ羫ϴͬʱҲϣʦ̫ʯںϡԴ絮һ֣Ҷ˫ͫڴ

۷Ϊ߶ȵϴҲȲѾоټ羫ۼʵѾ̫ʯںϣˡ
ˣ
Ӷʱʯָֺܿ
ʦںˣˣң벻ס
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߶ھ֮ӿ޷ݵһѪѪϷŴ󣬴Ŵ֮󣬾Ѫ֮Уʼӿһ黯ΪѪǣѪɵ̫ʯ
ǰ̫ʯһ̿ǹǺۣǺˣΪǳʯ
ںϣʯѪΪһѪɫǹⱦʯ
ɫһ⣬̫ʯͷŵϢһģһ޷ػ
Ȼǡ
ںˡ
Ѫɫ̫ʯ̫İˣϤغܣǵ꣬Ϥ־̫ʯ
û˿ԣ̫ʯںһ̫ʯڻļԪ֮УٴǿһͷʯѾܺţδ˽ںֵز
̫һõ̫ʯ꣬ѾںϺܾˣʦһ𣬼ֱһ죬һء
̫ʯǵ꣬ڴ֮еģԽ˰ûӵ
ʦԭڼʱ䣬ͻΪ̫ʯںһ𡣡
ңҶȺ٣ͫˡ
ǼȴĽͬʱҲӵ˺õˣȻںصһʯ
̫ʯı仯ӶԣԽ͵ġ
ԣҲһ
̫ʯ뵽һεõ̫ʯĳʱϵϵĴڡ
ɺȻһ̫ͨʯںϣɾΪϰһоԼҲ޷͸Ȼ
Ҷٴ̫̾ʯʦںϴΪнס߽װôʦʵѾܴﵽ۷߶ȣһȥ۷塣
нס߽ס۷塭
󾳽磬ܳΪˡ
ʦ룬ʦܴ߶ʮϴ󡣡ңʼͷΧһâΪپۼ롣


3206 ɴ
룬ҶȴʱóʯǼƷʯʯںϻΪҺ壬Ϊһ̨
ڼ̨룬Ӳͣؿϴ󾫻ʱǺӰĴ֮ʼ˼̨ϷԽؿֲ
ˣ
羫̫ˣൽ޷ݵĵز
Ϣʼͷţ̨ϴһںϡ
ʦϢ
ӵһʱ䣬뿴ͷŵ羫˾㵡
ôˣ߲֪顣
Ҷһ̨ϵĺϢ𾪵ʵʦ״磬Ů۵
״һ
Īǡ
˲䣬涮ˣΪں֮˱顣
֮Ȼ״۵ȷ˺֮ΪݣԼʵȻ״ʮ˽⡣
ңҲʦ֪Ǹ״ۣȻڶ̶̼ԪʹͨʿΪϰһڽ״磬ǵĴ֮Уʵ̫һһǿĴڣǳء
𣿡
̫һһǿ󣬿ţŮǺεȵĴڡ
ΪʦӵһϢҶʡ
˿Ԫ֮ǰʧ֮У𶴸μ׵ġ
𣬾ȻǸ𡭡
𺳵ĲǺ֮Ǳ
ʲôݣʵ𺳣ȻҪ֮и
֮УܻᵮһЩؾ޵̫һ棬״ۣ
Ǵ
ھ񼸸Ԫʿĳ֣ǸԪĴ֮Уʲҫ۵ľܶʮԪ£ãǶǸбİ硣
û𣬵ڱ£ȴڶһԪʹͨʿΪ۷̫ҫˣûˣһԪڣ޳ɰǵһˣʦ֣˺üԪһߵ졣
Ǻıأ
һԪʱ䣬ϵİǴȷţ԰˸ˡ
û֪ȥģΪĳɾͣһµĴ磬û뵽ʧˣǸԪˣӴû֪Ƿţ˴磬ޱȾ޵һʣԶᱻң̾
ˣ
ĬƬ̣ʵӦ𻹻ţֻÿʱհˡ
ʣں֮˽𣿡
ɡ
ʱ͵һ
ҶȵɣҲ֪ںɵĴУȴͶţźһĿռ䣬֮Խ˴û֪̫翣ޣ󲿷ֶΪڡ
Ŀ֮Уľͷȴû֪Ҳûȥûͨɵꡣ
ңҲҡҡͷΪΡ
ӿȷ֪ɡ
ɵĴڣӦԽ˴硣
˼ã滺֮ͷţ𶴸ҵõˡ֮
ңԾĺܣ״Ƶǡ֮״ۣҲڱ𶴸õ˺֮
Ҷȵҿʮа˾ţ֪ͨεȻԵõ˺֤ɴţȥǾǱ𣬶𻹵õ˺֮ʦ״ۣͬʱõ֮ҲǱ𴫳е
ֲ״ۣԵܳΪǿĴ֮һΪĴС
ǰ״۵֪ģ̫֮һ棬˭ûаգܽ˴նɱ
ʦ𣬾Ͳһˡ
ΡȻЦ
ͻȻ̧ͷ˫ͫ棺뽫֮óһ֮ˣӵк֮ʵһ
֮
ǿǱΪʱյ
֮
˷ܡҲоοϴΪ׼ģʵΪ׼ģ׼ϴһ̤нס߽װں֮ŻᳬԽ۷
Ǵֻأ
Ҷ塣
Ϊֻأ
ңҶȱǵõ棬Ĺ֮·ǵĵҵʦϸ˵沢δԴκǹˡ
˭֪˫ԪԣԶܣӵмĻᣬ֪Ϊ̫ʯٵԵʣոʱյˣδ档


3207 ħ
ΪİоǣӱΪ棬ϴҪԼǿʵΪ
ⲻ֪ϴΪ׼ģʱҪڣӱõĺ֮ˣȻҲΪԼ׼ġ
˭뵽鷢
˺ģԽգδĴ磬涼ˣȻ죬ҪӴ
°ɡ
˵ͷ
Ҷң£̨֮У˳ΣӴϴ֮Уͷų
Ůۣ뱱𶴸ʱҾһõ𴫳Уӵк֮Ůӵеĺ֮ҵһɣû뵽ʧڴ磬ǸŮѳΪϴ
Χϴһ£ִڽӿһЩɫϵ
ס
ң͵ĵһʦǡֵ
һҶȣҲֱҡͷˣк֮Ī֮˲ںˣ
ӵľϡɵһЦǺ֣֮֮ǰŰ취ʵڹպ֣ͷվһδγԣɹˡ
ʦǵ񻰰
ҶԵ̾뾡취Ҫ׽ٸ⣬Կ֮еһ磬ȥûϴ󣬱Դ֮֮ԿҲǺЧ
Ǻ֮Ҳ޷Ȼ̫ʯҲкܴĹͣͨΪοסֵҾӣӴˣһ֮Լ֡
ĴУһȥǲġ
ѾԺ̫֮ʯȻָˡ
֮УȻ̺ףԼ̫ʯľҶȡңһںӣھͬʱõ
һ컯
ԣң磬Ϊ׼ʮĻ羫ʵһ޷ĸ߶ȡ
ҶȡңӣҲδ뵽Լһ죬ܵõ֮׵Ѿ̤۷ܶ꣬ϧ޷ʱͻƣǹԪĻԵпմưȻգǵȴѾõ컯
ʦǲϴ֮У÷ʵΪأʱ˿̣ҶȼΪĵʵ
̫һɱģʵһʱģӣʵܵסڶ
Ҷȵĺ⣬ᡣ
ʱƱƵñˣܾվס̫һɱĲҲֻҶȡң
ĿǰΪģһʵõһʵķǾס̫һ棬ҲΪȡʱ䡣


Уž˸Ļ򣬴ȭͷСȻѹҴС
ôҴСȴ̺˺֮ףԼ̫ʯһ֣κΰ
С
潫ӣʱһ̣ܵʦ֮䣬ΪС
ҶȡңʵѾڴͨˣҲţ̤ߵĸ߶ȡ
ͣ
ͬʱӣȾͱ׵ûˣ˷·޷׵⣬ϵ֮Ѫ
ҳϴ֮ӵͽ׳нװˡ
ܵ۷֣ΪϴĿռ䣬ȲʩչֻѪ
žž
Ѫ֮Ѫ飬ΪһѪѪ״̬Χ
ɡں϶ԣһҲİӷ翪ʼһδֻһΣҪںϵΪĴ羫۷ķ
̡
۷Ǿԣ֮ϵġ
ϾԼǵͽװܳнװûģҪܸ߽װˡ
ʱ۷֮УѹѪӣʱѾ
̫ʯҲ޼£̫ʯܼ̣۷޷ںʯѪ⡢궼ֻǵͽװ
߽׷ꡢѪ⡢ھʣҲ޷ֱ۷̤۷壬һѪ⣬Լںȥ
ң⡣
һħ·վ޾Ѫ֮Уߴγɼķ
ħ
һΧջΪѪɫռ䣬һͷﶯܽɱ


3208 ɱ
󣬲ңһǿߣۼһԳħΪѪɫѪɫմӺ嫻ա
ˣӾ͵ţЩǿߣѪ޲ýǶˡ
³ѪһħײеЦ
ˣ޳͵һġ
ң֮ⷽеǿǣȴã˲䣬ǰգͻȻһӰ
ԭͷʿڰ֮£ӿ֮еǧڶ
֪жˡ
ħ񣿡
ڶ̫һ桢״Ϊ
̫һŸۼǿߴǿɱң磬ⷽһֱѹеĴʯ
ûң磬̫һܵõ̫ʯȻûƽٻҪ
ħʵҲ۷塣
ڴޣ֮УΨһޡ
Ҳֻң磬Ȼ۷ĴڣЩ磬Ҳ۷
ңɲһǿ̲
̫һǰѪɫ֮ƣ޲𺳡
ңٶ
ٶ𣡡
Ҷң治ӵôǿߣңѾ׼һս
ǿ쿿Խزš
ңʵǿǵ֮Уǿ֮һҲǧǿߣң磬𣿡״ԵЦ
̫һ˲䴫Ҳܴ⣬λȥ׼úϻֻҪɱңķǸǶ֡
Ƿ׷׺ǿߣÿʮʮϵ
һЩϰ
Ҫң硣
Ůۡ
̫һʱ״ǰҶȡңħڴ޵ʵ
ǺЩЩ磬˭뽫ԷɵΪ֮УǿĴڣŮ׵
սһƶԷңĴһսĴ٣ֻʮ˰ˣұֶԸˣΪκһˣûаһնɱǡ
Ҳ˼նɱҲø޴Ĵۣʱͻᣬ˭֪ǻ᲻ᣬˣȡڵĴ磿
˽š
ңʮıԴһѹӢƵâں˻ۣ֮ﲻϻΪѪա
ı仯ƺںϣҪƬ绯ΪһѪɫ
ڻϴеˣȻҲ仯
ܿǿɱңΧʵԳԽңⷽ
ٶȲ
֮ȻԵұľںУҲΪٺס
̶һʱ䣬ʹҶȡңͻԡ
ںɽ֮УͷųĴϢһߣΧʱʱҧƤֻǹγ
Щ׵磬ΧϴҲ𵴡
ʦܣ۷ΪȻʦͽ׵İȫ𵴣ǵ֮ںϡңҲҪ׵罫ط顣
𣬲
󲻷
̫һΪڶϣûң磬ȡ̫ʯһΣһˮһա
ھ֮ںϣ֮ȫռʱʵĿǰǿ̫ࡣ
ٿ棡
ϴγɵļ̨룬羫ӿ٣ɶ١
۷ķʵѾͽװ۷壬ãͻнס
ʦöռָڣΪ׼屦ҺøֶҩƶɵģϴʦϴΪѸ͡
ңȻ֣һâΪָ尵ɫ
ռָ
ͷָһȻ澹ȻǴŸıҺ
ڲȱΨһٵľ
Ҫӵͽͻнףǿ羫ҲҪĸ߶ȣͽڶʱ䣬ס۷ϴ跨
Ϊ¯ԻΪƵıҺΪ֮ˮһϴ裬ͻн׶ǲܵġ
ϴ󱬷£ϴ֮ڣͻΪѪɫ״̬ڲžϴը
һϴ豦Һɫִ̽ɫıҺڵ˲䣬һθоԼҪʧƵģָоƺ»صĸ׵Ļӵ޾ů
۷ȼϴ豦Һ


3209 н״
ţΪϴ豦ҺĸѪը٣ȼѪڵͽװʣΪҺԼϴķʧ
ģ̫Ժ֮ȫѪ״̬κϴϴ豦ҺʵԺɵΪ̫ƿϴһ
ûȥ񣬸Ӧ̫ңԶ飬ֻҶȡң״̬С
鶼ȥģҲûҪʵ۷Ȼ޷նɱ̫һ棬κ뷨ƻǰͽ͵ģΨܶǬǳ
ң紦֮Уңǿߣķ˹š
ϴ״̬֮е棬Χռ䡢ʡںϣѪƲţһЩѪ̺ķɢΧټĻ֮С
һЩϸɢȥ롣
ԼͿʧָоÿһϵһģһԭ̫ú֮ͷųķеһ
޷һĻȴΪ̫κһγһ磬ƬټĻ֮С
̫һ澭Ҳ޷Ʒʡھʣ̫һ澭ܸоϢԽС
ǷСˣʵ̫ˡ
ܾϴ󣬽ͽ۷壬ͻнףҵÿԼ
ãͻнףһš
ƾǰȥҪһʱ䡣
ѪȻںϣѪΪһѵ
Ưϴ֮У޴ΧԭҲһϴʵ
޻Ϳ֮Уǲ̫ǿңȴҲʱʱµס
һΣ硣
ң죬ͷź嫷־ٿһֻεĴǸ߿ץȥ
׽٣ͼһȻȥΪһ֣Ȼץ뷭ڵĻ֮УȻѸһץֻ߳һ־Ȼץһ׷档
ʦ𡭡ģ
Ӹܵ׵ĿǶ޷Ҳֱӿס׵һ
ֻ棬ܷס׵һ
ͣ
Լʮɶ೤ף׼档
˱ɫ׵ûȫƤѪɫƣǶֿҪѪƵġ
䣡
Ϣ嵱Ѫ
ǿİҲ޷סףĵͽΪ޷

ֻǵļϢͼѪ֮ѪͷųǿҺ׵֮ѪʼΪС
ңΪˣû£ں̫ʯ󲻷Ϻ֮ʦȻԵͽסԽ۷֡
ҶҲǼ֣οʦ֣Ҳõ֮Լ̫ʯֻҪںϣҲֱӿԡ壬Ҿܴﵽ۷۷壬ȥûȥ۷塣
̫Ľ棬С
ţ֮ǰѾںϡԦ֣ӵе޷֮ϵȻᲢۣһȻҪ飬ش
ѸϴϸֱҺһʱ䣬ش״̬µѪĿʼת̫Ҳڴ߶ѪȻһɫ
ڽǺ֮кױߣȻҲ̫ʯںš
ಣ
ѪͻȻʧΪһµͬʱ˫һϣһը
һʹЦЦ֮žըһνһΣһѪˡ
һΣͻơ
֮е£ϴ󣬼׵ʱ䣬ʹӵͽ̤нװ硣
нװ¾۷ңԶ̤нףͻƸ߽ף̤۷塣
˯ʹ࣬ʹ̫ΣΪ׵ڷըʹҲǰڴŴͬĵط
ͻƹ£ֻǾϴ֮Ŵ죬·һ˫뺣ͫܿľͷ
ͻ֮ʧʼ֮ʣϴ豦ҺҺ۷߶ȣʮΣͿʼܵʹӿʧ
Ȫ֮Уӭ泩
ʵͽ׾ܿнףнףҾκθ߽װ潻֡
һʱͻƴһУʧ˳ӵͽףнװľ硣


3210 ǿ
Ҳܳɹ̤нװ棬һԵϾҲ֮ױʹκ־нװΪƾͱȸ߽װҪ
ΪȾȥ̫һ澭ǶԿ̫һһֶΡ
һйƽֿʼϴϴ豦Һ߶̫һС
һ߶̫Χϴٶȿһֹһ䣬·ҪһеĴ羫һա
鿴Ͼɫգϡ̫ͨϴ֮Ϊصİɫâ
ʱһȥÿһ춼ġ
Ƕ֣׷ħڴޣǧϴԿǿǡ
˼ʣһμȥ
ң̲ڶࡣ
Ҷȡңһ죬ٱֵһ죬˼Ԫʱ䣬׼
ڣԪĵ̣һαˣԴ֮ȻסǧϹơ
̣
̨ԵҶȡңӿĺƣȻ֮ǰԽ
Ҷϲ⣬ǴһҲʦ֣ѾںʦĺӣҴʱΪ˺֮
ңҲֻǲ֮ʦܣں̫֮٣ϽþԴʦ𣬳֣ܲҲ
ңͷڷѪķ˲ǻɫǶ˲ٰ⻷·סһֻɻķˡ
̫ʯ׵ֻ˾ľһֵġ
ңʱ䣬޾ĻԺ֮Ϊ
нװ
һκܳʱȥ
ңһ񷣬ĩգʱʱѿǻȼţž羪İ̫һ桢ŮֵƶôѸ͡
֮У΢΢˫ۣͷųϦͷųɫģ̺ܿһɫɳ̫ˡ
Ϊһ̤нװ״̬ںҲﵽߣĵزղ״̬һԶ
δоžһİ
ְǿ߳ΪǿйأҲͽ̤нףʱĪϵ
ʹ仯ˣ֪ϴ岻״ı仯ټĻ磬ͬľһ¯ʵɱ䡣

нװͻƣҪһԪԪʱ䣬ȴö̶ʮˣĶнΪҲȻʩչ㹻޷һս
С
Ȼͻһ磬ܴΧϴϷионװ۷Ĳࡣ
һ硣
Ҫǿ󣬾뾡취ͻƸ߽ס
ţֻҪԼ̤߽װ̫һһսҪн̤߽ףΪѡ
ҵ̫塣
ڼϴ󾫻̫ͬʱ濪ʼ鿴
һѪɫƤֻҪϸƤ֮£ľȻΪ̫ʯһɫҾһЩѪ壬ҲΪʯ״̬
̫ʯںϸһˣ̫ˣѾо̫ʯںϽһĵز̤߽װӦþ̫ʯںһ룬࣬ʱҵ̫ʯӲ
ɱǾ˵ģͬʱֲ鿴ϣͨԪȵȵı仯
ҵüƿףϴ塭
̫ˣȻѾܿ죬治㡣
뵽׵ʱ򣬺ȻҶȡңҲڼϵԼӿ񷡣
Ҫ̫ˣʵ
ң⿴棬ĵǵʦǼܸ޴仯Ҳԡ
ҶҲʦں֮ʦٷ֮һ޷ֱΪ۷һƣûоԵģҲҪһԣʮʱҪԸǣ̫ѡ
ȻУϴ֮УһЩһ£ҲҪ׵֮ͷ
ָмϾ̫Σգ֣Ϊв


3211 
ʦнװΪȻﵽ˸߽װĸ߶ȡңͷϢһȥ
ƴգȥǾ֮ϣԴ͸磬κεĿռ㡣
ζң磬ܣκδ磬Լռ䣬һ
֮ͫУ͵һ
ʱǿٴλΪһֻ֣ץ˸ոշڶΪɫס
ɳףָץסǿϳ߿գγһıը
ͷ۵֣ʦǰʲôҶĿࡣ
֮ǰûо԰գ̫һ϶̫ʯ˭֪ʦǿᣬнװŸ߽۷ֶΡ
ң̾ΪֹΪ֪֮Уô̬
Ϊˣǽκ˵جΡ
ˣ
Ȼ䣬񣬿ӡ
ӵͷ۷ĿֲǿŰ˲䣬Խʩչ
̣
Իɱʱָֻһټİգ׾Ȼϴ󣬾ͱȫ֡
ʱҶңһ˸ԻףƷƵģ˲ʮɵС
̫һ澭
ֱ룬ûֱʣĴ󲿷ֻ֣Ƕ񷣬΢΢һ㡣
̫һ澭ɳǰ
ʦ𡭡
̫һ澭ⲻǡˣ̫һڹȥСƵġ
ӱڿ֣׼壬һ̫һ澭֣Ǿ㵡
˶̫һ˽⣬ִ̫һ澭֮УϢ಻ڴ磬ǹȥСϢв֪
ʱǷʱҽ̫һնɱõʱɵҪδ̫һһսокܶ뷨ҽ̫һ澭ںϣ̫һԱԸֻϧʱƷ̫ˡ
̫һգȥδ̫ʯȴû뵽һ˹ȥ֮УǸʦ˼¡ҶͻȻʹЦ
ңҲͷ̫һ֪϶ըˡ
֣ʮɾˣڰǰͨǲʲôģףһףܻɱһͽװ
ͣ
ʮɴףƿأǿϷиһ̫һ澭
һζţ·ҪըѣϾǽӽ߶ȵľʱ䣬ʵ̫һ澭ںϵĹУҲ˺׵
ζŵҲ׵׽֮У鲻ϻζջû顣
ա
̫һ澭֮дһӣͽʣ֣˷ڲ
̫һ澭ȻɱϾûгԽ̫һ棬飬󲿷Ϊ飬Ϊ뵱񽣲ʵľ
񽣣ȥС磬ɽƳľ
ǽ֮У֮ģǰǾ񽣱Ȼ磬Ҳǳ
ռ񽣵;ã̫һ澭Ҳһַ
ʣǵһȣܻɱֵĵ飬һ߷ǿնɱ
ͣ
ּ棬ʣµ֮Уڶ֡
Իƣ̫һ澭ɿȥҪ𣬵ǼƷʻ᲻
鿴ƳֵĴÿ֮У׺ۺϡı棬һЩ׺ۣɵѺۼ
ɼֵôֲ֮ǰڵĺף̫һ澭ںϣ¸ղһܽˡ
ʱҶȺȻʦΪ߼Ǵ߶ȵıԭˣֳ֮Դ̫һ澭֮УһƷʣϾ̫һСƵģʵ̫ͨ

Ϊ߼ıԭˣһҪ߼ʯ
ݣ
Ҷңδʽ״ǻ׼Уûððʧʧ֡
һӡһʮɶıԭˣⱦڴ֮Ϊ
Ǵ羫ɵģκһ飬ǾļԪһγɵġ


3212 ɵ
Ҷԣ̫һ浱ȥȥգС磬Сʴɵġ
СʣڽĴ磬Ǿͨʣ磬ڱ𶴸õʯں̫һ澭ⱾƷʣ޷һ
һԲ񣬾̫ܽһ澭顣
ž
ƯϸϸǻĳԪһ̶ɡ
˳ǣ֮ڣԿһȦȦһĺۼӦþĺۼ
͵һȭҪ飬Ȼ̫֮һ澭ںϡ
û뵽һȭһ£Ȼ޷
ңײɵõʦ߼Ӳ۷Ҳֱ֮Ӵ飬ҪӲȣȻȲ̫ʯ̵ʡ
ԭˡ
̫С
ڴʱ沢ûмǿйס
ʦ𣬿Ҳ뵽ˣҶȴ⣬ͿĳЩ
ʱȥ̫һ澭ϷȻһף׾ֱ
ԭҪ׵
Ȼһｵһȷ쳣Σؼ䣬Ҳûи̵ʣȴӵлʵĸ
䣡
׻Ѹײڶ֮ƾˣһʯһͼΪʯ
ЩʯȻ飬Ϊָȭͷֻڴʯ
Ȼȷ̣ǷǹԿ£ìܻìʤһ
浭һЦһжԤ֮С
ǿԻһҲǴģȻֵĶ֡
ʦ֣һĻˣ̶ʮ꣬ʦ𲻵ԼգδֿԼ˰һУȫνżȻ
һĻҶȵһںңš
ңҲĿɿڴ
ʦκ飬Բܵޣκνѣ취⣬ǿԼӹȥδߵ˽죬ҸоûҵϴʦҲ῿Լڴ֮УΪ۷УҶͿ䡣
Ľ˼ʰǵʦ𣬲ˣĽʺޣΣʦĲ֤ҵĲңοͷ
¸ִˣôãʦ𣬺֮ΪԴ
ͻȻɫһ衣
ңˣ˿ףֻоη
ݣ
ϵķ߽ɱΧ۷ΪҲ˿⡣
߳塣
ǸԴԼƿصʮɶ֮УһֳΪһ߶೤ĺɫ׵磬Լ
䣡
ʱ׹֮У͵һ
һ֮ᣬѪһ㣬ѪģҲѪûѪֻǱˡ
һ߶೤֣Ȼ۷
ԵеʱһѪΪѪ̫ʯһӹȻһȴֻܵشˡ
£Ǽ֤۷ʵ
һߣҲǿֲģһȫһͽװ
ҶңȻסˣشҲ̫أѪӰ죬Ҳݵġ
٣֣ѾûΣա

˵ˣƣǲҩҩҩ߶ں֮
Ȼ֮ͷţס񱼵֮ѹ
ʦ֣ҲǵһӴǿһɳ֣ʮֻǣ²ҲҪΪҶţĨĨǵѪ
˻ָһӣƻδȫָ˾ȻԼٴμ֮ڶС
˼ʣһƴ󲿷֣̫һ澭һ־ʼɳֱ֣Ӵ
ͣ
ɲǣһɳ֣ͻҪֲ׺ݺ֮Ѫ
û뵽ڱףЩ֮شѹ
ˣֵֹڵϴ跨ƿϯȫÿһ䡣
Ĵ塣
Ҷңſʼ֣ǴʱֻһӦ޷ֱȥϾڵĺӣûж͡
ֻܿ۷ķǿס֣Ϳʼں֮
˫ʱʱУǰǰʮΣҶңʮɶϣ˸Ͻں
ȻУ̫һ澭ǲ֣ʯ飬Ϊ棬ǿд̫һ澭֮С
ʦ̫һ澭Ѿ̫һĴһȡ֡
ָһЩҶȣ׼Ƹ
֮ͷǰӦûˣ֮ǰֻ̫һ澭̫һû뵽һ·ҷ̫һ澭ںϸΪ̫һ澭ȷͬˣ涼Ǻ֮Լֵ
ңҲָ̬ҿ̺˺֮ԼֵͽɵΣ


3213 ӡ
ɵ
Ҷһ¶ͬľϲ
ֲɵʦ𣬾ɣҶ޵
룬ֳƺããɵӴӵµķ̤磬һϣҲܰı
һ·ӷйٷֵķǲģеķ飬еķ͸ˣ뿪Сǻᣬֽеһ˹ȥǸʱ
ֻ̫ʯ̫һ澭ˡ
ңŵ飬˵ʦĺɵںһһδδӦҲпнװƷʡ
ƻһЩֻҪִϽںϣո֣̤߽ס۷塣Ҷڴ
עַɢȥǿʼ֣ʼ壬ɿֲ
ɵ֮УƷʹȻˣ󷨡ƻûиı䣬ڲǺ׵ֵϳԽ֮
Ҫʱ䣬ڲơ̫ľֱֻɵƷʣڲֻһ
˺ɵֻҪƷʲҾͿԽɵƺ«ãִУΪһַ濴һӣѴſδĺɵ񹤡
ɵһִƷʾ΢΢һЩģ׽еҲֻǲһ£֮ǰһ׺ۡ
ٶȾˣͬʱҶȡңϴ󣬼ٶȣҲŵġ
ѾڣԺĺ֮УץһЩ֣塣
Ҳն뷨֮УƷʣϢԱ֮ǰǿĶࡣ
ٿ棬仯ӣΪԡ
߳壡
һʮɳ֣棬ץͬʱкɵԼ
Ҳֻͻ˼£ͽֱˣںѾﵽһ޷ĸ߶ȣΪǳĺףγɺǳˡ
ΪѾнװԲ߶ȣͲһЩͻƸ߽ס
ˣ
ۿͻһ磬濴ȥž޲лͦοڴġ
һ̤нװĸı䣬ɲһǰ㡣
ϴ̺۷Ұ̫ӣͬķʽԼУʱҪ໨ǧ򱶡
ϵ۷һӿڣǧսˮŰظûˡ
һޣһӻΪǳһ̺ĺף֮һԵ
ͣ
ϴĲעڣɲǾͽûˣʲôϡѪ⡢֮¸оڡ
Ҫ߽װ
Ͳһţͻˡ
ȫըͷţҪƿⷽϴԼе֣߽װ
ţ
ĸӦͷŵҪֵʱ򣬺ȻϷ񷣬Ļǳ
һ̣ϡǻǳľͷ·ôһţɫĹΣԼԼԽ˻ǳ
ɫξǴ̫Խ˴֮ϡ
ɵ
εɫԼϢ沢İģ䵱Ӧ֮¶˾֮ɫ
Ϊδ֮⣬ߵĿռ䣬Լ֮
ڳ߽װĶźɹҫ߶̫״̬£ɹα֮ǰ΢ʵһЩǰɫҫһӣһɫӡ
֮Ϊˡһӣ
Щţȷɹε̬һڴ磬ǴӴĺӡ
̣
֪Ƿʶ̫ųԽ֮ϵĺӣ̫ҲΪһɳӣڷٶš
ϣΪһɳӣǴ֮ĺɹΡ
֪ãת췭ظı仯
ĺ׾ȷΪһӣһٲͷشֱ£زء˲أ͵ڣͻȻһɫĺٲ
ٲ
ʲôֻоһкƽȻе״̬ӦģûκβȻ
ͨҲٲ֮С
ǳӰɣԺͻΪ˺ӣ֮ϣһ
оںٲһӡǡ


3214 ߽װ
֮ǰ޷֮ĺӣǾʵ׵ɱ䣬ܿˣҲ췭ظı仯
ӴˣھͶһӣڵͨͳͳĶΪһӡ
Ҿ㲻߶̫ڵĺӣҲѾˣԶʧӡڡ
ͣ
һɽȻ
Ҫͻˣ
漱æڽֲѪռ䣬ڱܿͻ޴ڣǾͻƵʱ̡
Լ죬һͷѪˣ飬ͷա
ֵǣͻѪ֮棬ȻѪһӡ
ʦ𡭡ͻƣ
ʦһнͻƸ߽װʵ۷ѾûжĲ࣬Խִ󲿷ְ˶Щ⡣
ʦĺɾԼΪֺ״̬֣˸оǳ꣬ƺؾһ
˼飬ӦǺִֻ֮ı仯
Ҷȡң̫ˡ
֪ʵֻҪ̤߽ףôʵ۷
˴ۣ֮²̤۷壬ɱأ֮١
ž
棬ΪѪɫӣȻڲΪͻƣһը顣
ѾˣΪ˿һЩصϸĴڡ
ǳ£ӱ顣
죬ʧһЩѪ״̬֮µĺ棬ǰǰнףǸ߽װ
Ǵӽšͷʼܣ壬ӵոµ֮üȻһԼɼĻӣӡһģһ¶š
˫ۣһɻȻ˳ҶңҲܵ𵴡飬޷ϵķ
ɼ߽װΪ۷ŷǳԵĲࡣ
߽׵ƣٿԳ飬Ӱ쵽۷ƣԼⱾǲܵġ
ɲλλ񣬲̫󣬵ͽнһĲ߽࣬۷ҲһټĴ磬Ը߽װΪ۷óָͷҲҲ
ŸոͻƸ߽װƺ˵Ĳ
߽װȻͻƣڵĻӣҴһ״
ԼƽͷŸӦֻһۣͿң磬Χңǿߣϵ챾Դڳ̫һ桢Ů۵ȰֵĹ
ң籾ԴѾ߰˰ˣƼֲסãջʧȥߣɱڡ
ң⣬ҲһܿĵطȻһĴ硣
벻߽װҵʵ˾˵ı仯ԼҲһš
ˣ
߶ڻӣƤ˿Ȼ黯ˣΪ˻Щϸ΢һ㣬ȫڽ˴ʱ֮С
ϲʦ̤߽װֻҪʦһʱ䣬۷֡Ҷ˷ܵĺܡ
ʦ𲻷ЩһԲ˶ߡ
ңҲЦš
û˵ʲôںۣԼ磬ʧȥ
ϾʮǰûԼϢΪľ硣
ʦ֣㿴Ǵ֮⣬һԼɼĻΣ
ãҶȵһ˫ۣе״̬֮£͵˴񷡣
ҲˣǺ֮һңϢ֮£Ҳܵ𺳡
˾ţͷŸ෨Ҫ
ţţüģǵӡǡ
Ȼʦһģһһӵ̬գҲǿ˴֮⣬ǵεӡ
ǲžòš
滺ۣӶǿûǺӣҲǿ嶼Ϊӡ
ã
ʲôˣ
ȻͿͻƸ߽װ˲صĻĪĹϵ
ģԼںϣǾ⴦ףڼ̵ʱ䣬Ǿڵķ֮Ҳʼ仯
һӣʵҲԾġ
֪һʱ䣬ҶȡңҪʱ̡
ԼһָоղſĴɹΣ񿴵һոµ磬һʲô磬˺֮ſܿġ
ҪĽǸ翴ʵͱԺ֮ӵкӵӡǡ


3215 
ڲͻƸ߽װʱ䣬ҲǷǳҪھʱʵﵽ߽װ߶ȣУǽɵƷʣٴһ߶ȡ
ָ̬
ãں˸߽װȥӦ仯ٴһδӴץ֣С
Ը߽װΪֻУ壬Ҳһ濹סֵ
ⲻͻ˸߽װҲΪӵγɣͻ˸߽ף̫ʯںϵһµĸ߶ȣۺʵ޷ݡ
ϴ֮£ʼַڵķȫ̤߽װ
ķ֮УҲǰнװķ󷨡ͳͳ顣
Ÿ߽װķ֮УʵҲһڻָš
ںӲֵϴ󾫻
ӵϴ۷ǰǸ߲ʣֻԱǿһЩˣ˵ҵʵѾ֪۷ĸ߶ȡ
ͻ˸߽װֱ۵һ仯ϴ֮£ϴǱĸо
ͬʱٴϴı仯Ҳ֮ǰǰѸͣ˴롣
ʵѾ޵Ľӽ۷
֪˶ٷڶԣ߽װΪԼ
Ÿо߽װǺεȰԵģϴ󾫻ֵڵĻԽ˵ں֮Ҳ١
ɵʱٴΣ߽װͨ۷߶ȣҪȫƷʡ
ʵһ֣ģòںɵ
ɵڻɳƷʡнװ߶ȣһ棬ٴӴ֮⣬ץֵһ׵磬ûպɵ
ͬʱ֮ǰҶȸʣಿ֣Ҳٿһ飬ûա
ֻҲǺ֮ڶԺ֮Ϊ
֮ǰǰ޷ҵѾúɻա
Ƭֺǳʱúɻ֡
ʴնΪͨҺ壬ֻкɵɵû

ͨҺ֮УɵʼðݣȻʼҺ壬ʼٶǺġ
ϾѾȥ۷ߵزɵнװƷʣںϡǷǳ׵ġ
Ҫһ̡
ʱҲʵ̤߽װ̫ҲףԽߣʵԽǿҲԽףǺܶΪһԪпͻһ硣
ž
ãɵҺ嶼֮ץֱֲ֣Ӻ
ÿһκɵٴγѺۣǹҪ⣬ɵƷʡ
ƺɵˣʵȻһ̣κηƷʶҪһ飬ܵḶ́ʿһ
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ڣźɵϢǸ߽װʱ˿
ɵƷ̤߽װڲ󷨡ռ䡢˲࣬۷ĸ߶ȡ
ҾΪһĹͷ
ף
治ͷȻң񷣬Ƿڵ֣ɵһץ
Ȼ߶ɵҳһУͽǳµֱ棬ֱڲӡ˷
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÷ӡ֣Ӵ˴߶ܿѣһ֡
ֵĺɵƻôǿ
߳͡壡
һ֣޷һץǿзӡ˺ɵ֮УɵƷڲռ̫ˣطӡ̵ܽѹС
Ҹ߽װΪʵͨ۷ĸ߶ȣټϺɵҿκδ棬̫һ棬۷ΪҲвҵ
ͫ¶ʧõİԵ
¡
ʱ̨ԵҶȡңͻȻ飬ͻƵģֻںɻ֮顣
ҶңڴӴ˺ӡ漤֣һӵкӡǣʵ֪ôֲ
Ҷȡңɻ£顢ըѣǵΪһĺ״̬
״̬һͿʼܣ״̬Ѫʼ죬γһµ


3216 
Ҷȡңոܵо˾ǸոյĺӣǵüҲһӣֻǱĺӣΪޣûǰ
̲ס̾ӣǺɵӡǣӴˣʦ˶ӵк֮
Ҷȵͷⶼʦǵģûеõ֮֮ǰʦֵʵѾ۷Ҫȥͷĸ߶ȣӵ˺֮ǵʵ׵˰߶ˡ
ǵʵӦ΢΢Խ̫һ桢ŮǰĴڣǰ֮䣬˭ҲûаգԷնɱȡԷĴ硣
ֻң߶ƣ廯Ϊ˺֮簵ɫƽɣڣʦκΰɱԷնɱ̫һҲ⡣
ǻýһЩǿ״̬ǿУϾԷӵһǧʮˡ
ҶɫȻһ
ʵﵽ˰۷壬ǵڣν˫ȭѵ֣뻹Ҫǿ
Ψһѡ
һǧߣҲֻЩǵĶ֣ʱɱһһҿЩ̫һ棬һ١ңһЦ
Ҳֻǵ˵ͷʵһ֣ȷ磬Ӧûжˡ
˻ӣ塢ͬˣ
ң֮ͬʱƣǷ̬
ʦڵ״̬ѾӵкɵӡǣǵոµģӴԺǵͽɽ֮еҶȣȻ档
ɽ
澪ϲ֣СԵ֣ǻˣӵ̫壬ֶ˺ɽ
ɣ޽
ң̲ס̾ʦûʱʦܶиԵ壬̤۷еľͷ˺֮֮ǰĺɹΣҲ֪֮⣬Ȼк֮㲻ŵʦǵ·ˡ
ʵ໥ģǴգ̫ʯȥȥҡֹͣɲռˡ
ǫ飬Ҷңֻ
֮ĲѾо
ңֲֵŮۼԪճŮ֮Ϊǿİ֮һź֮
ŮǺܲģʦ֮ǰԣŮ֮ǰ˼棬ǹġҶҲס
Ůۡ
Ǹ޹ֽһɾŮ˭ţɳ죬ɱϵľŮۣ浽ʱЩš
˺ɽҶȡңʵվڰ۷塣
ǿʼּڲãΧңıԴ󣬹âȻһΣʧ
ҶңڣҲơ
籾Դ޷ֵǧ
ˣ
Ҷȴųɱץסת
ʦڴʦܸȥѵȺǿߡңҲ
ɵΧϴһӣȫʧ̤߽װҪ̤۷Ƕʱģ֮ʵ㹻κδ֣ʦͽˣֶԸǿС
٣ϣգȥȥ̫һһսû񫡣ңЦӯӯ˵
ϴʧƯʮϿգΧԴ飬ΪƬ׹
ǰԵңⷽʿӪǧǿߣ̫һ桢ŮΪǿѹƣˡ
ܿħڴޣ۷ɱҲޱȰԵģܽԷƣһ֣Է˶ڣǰ۷Ҳֻ΢΢һЩʱ䡣
ಡ
ǿǷڶǿߣңⷽ飬ɱң񷡣
ಣ
˴һΣʧ
䣡
һâΪìƣɽ֮ƣѹԳħڴΪĵң
κһιƳܺɱһͽװ
ңⷽҲٶֶܼһӡ
ǡ
عˣ

ңܣһЩǿ߲ϱĹ֮УѾûļȥ
ǱըǰƾճӰ
¾ңۣⷽϻٴαҫ۹â
Ҷңóˡ
Ƿ
֮лΪһ⣬гִâֻ̫һ桢ŮΪһΡȻˡ
̫һ棬˾͵ãܵõң磬ԼҪ̫ʯ


3217 
̫һ浱˫ǿǣȻһЦ棬ҵȱŹң硣
Ҷ͵ʦףôܽȣҵսڴˣҲԸ
ƾĸ۷
Ҳۿʮ۷ҵȶ֣
Ҷңҵóϣܿ죬ʵҲӹɣɾƾһ磬ҪдΪУⲻǳ˵𣿡
Ȱ㻹ǿЩΪһˣңʧǽⷽ磬Ҳס
ǣ
ڿ˥ң硣
Щ鲻ѿƺڽ죬Զң硣
һսӮɣҶȲδ˿ҡǵžһƽϢ
ս
˵ңǿǣûһ˺ˡ
ڤ粻飬ɱ̫һǿߣջ˻֣ǿǣǧ򣬻񡢴Բ־硣
̫һĺǧڸ԰£Һɱ򣬻Ϊһ𺳣ң񷣬ҲΪôǿͷųƣγһЩ𵴡
ȥЩǿߣնɱʮʣͨһʹ棬ң硣
ңⷽ
ңתٶдǿߣҲΡȻ
ڶͷң󷽵ʿǣһȥ࣬߶羫ʩչ󷴻
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˫ڴգɱһ𣬶Է˶ڣȫѹңⷽ
зǿƣһγɱܽңⷽǿߣնɱ٣޷赲
ǻ׽Ĵ硭ңʹҲ쳣ߡ
ҶҲǲ̣һսǱȻƣо仰˵ĺܶ࣬ƶκƽ٣ңһñȽ죬Ϊ
ֿΧңⷽǿ߽ڽڰˣżˣȫǵз֡
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һЩĿ⣬һЩĭƵģãΧ
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û֡
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أ
ڴһֻޣƵģ˴ų
ҲһҲİ˴ţȻԵ׼һս
֪ߵغҶңʶʱΪܣѵǾͲϧⷽ磿
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Ҷһλ°˲Ϣ۰ֺα̫һߵһǿߣҲǰңδδҪΪдİ
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ۣǵ֮Уʵ̫һ桢ŮһĴڣһǿߣ˵ĳ֮Ϊһ˶ʮԪİңд
˶ʮԪ
ۡ
ǿ
ʵҶǾվ˻ۣ֮ɱɱȥҲ棬ҵȱȻȥһ֡
һͷٲֱڱҲʮӣ˫ͫɫģ˾ˮ
ӽ񡭡
ңҲɵһ衣
Ǽ֡
Ǵ취Ϲ֡ĩŴʵ۷Ĵڡ
ټۡӽŮ̫ۡһ棬һǵ֮УǿĴ
ĸݺ磬ʮԪĴڣ
ĸӵһϵһǿߣ
ӣҶȡңŴİǰͬΪ֮еľǿߣôܲʶ
еһѮʥߣòϵĺȵҵԸӵ̫һ֣λϣҲܳɾҵԸһµĴʱ
Ҷҡͷ̫һĴµģҲǻģҪд磬һոµĻ磬λãԼĴ磬֮𣿡
һλʥŵĴƽٶƲһԪҵȶ׵ĵκһδ٣ͬʱҲµҵҪһոʱʱҪһǰδеĴ۹


3218 Ǿս
˹֪֮λϹϣܹͳһˣδ
ΪаһϹ֣ƵģĶ顣
Ϲ֣֮УΪаĴ
Ҫһ»磬ûģҪһȴҪ˵ǲģԣͬΪıգҶȻûһǰҡ
ǼλĩŴףֳ񸫣̫ǿˡ
ңɨһĩŴ񣺡ǿɲһ˭ܻţҲһ
ҶȣҵĶ̫֡һͻȻҶȡ
ԸڴޣϹɪɪһЦ
취ǿңҵĶ־ңˡ
ħĩŴǰħ
ֻԸĿֻ꣬ϡ
桭
Ůۣһһһսȥİ䲻
ۡӽ͸òų֡
ಣ
ңǣȥһ֡
е취Ҳ˲Ϣһ
޷졣
ȶ֡
֮ϣ취ûʩչ˫ִһƿأһʱΧӡɱ
κһӡɱ磬žž飬ջһƬ飬ɼ취ʵôֲ
ңոճ֣ͱһ飬ѹʩչռͨ޴ڵ
𣡡
˿˽֣ȫ취ռơ
Ϣ֮취ڵգͻȻһԻ֮С
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취ҲǴһ֮ɱ˲䣬˺һӰûգһС
ķ򱻻֮ա顣
ĩŴѽүүȻὫж˿飬㡣
ħͻȻüģ˵ֻۡ
֮󣬳ħ񳹵׻ΪһԶħΧѪɫħϷڡ
Ѫɫħĳħ䲻һĩŴǳƣȻȥһ񷡣
ħ𡭡
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ĩŴһϰʵܿ£ǳҲͨһħͨ쳹ءҶȿ棬ƶԳħȫĵġ
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ĩŴһȭ
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¡
ңǲ򵥣һˣȻӵ𶥼Ĵλӽ񿴺󣬲һ
ڴޣϹֽҪ㣬ҵɣ
ʱϹ֣ͷһ޷ݵͻȻڴޡ
Сүʰ㣡
ڴ
һڴĶ˳һ˶ȥ
ûȾϹ֮УգͻȻڴವĳһ࣬ſ͵ҧ
ɵģϹһâɱպõסڴޣâֻǿθˣڴһҧ顣
ڴ޾žϹһһ
ҵ޵ϹͻȻͷ°Ȼƾճ
ŶȻڰʥĸһĺڰľϵ
ĿһĨ
ݣ
ĺܣʸһɱڴޡ
ڴ޵ٶȣΪ˵ģ£ȥ磬·ֱһڻ棬ͽϹֵƣ顣
ƾٶȣڴ޹֮УٶģʵҲǷǳֲġ
ֻС
ԷһǿߣͻȻָֻޡ

һһǰɣҿգᱻǸԵƳһ۴ʵֲ˵˲ʹ졣
СӣͷˣǹԼɡ
߳
ϴ󣬷ģǻʰġֻЩᣬɱڿŴ
ܸܵ۷ʵ죺ʵǿǾһξ룬ġ
ǻ̤߽װʵҲ̤˸߽ף˺֮ʵ޲࣬ϴ͵ſѴаɡ
ಣ
ֻڶ


3219 ʦ
ʦޣٶҲף޲࣬ʵȴһЩ
ֻʣҶ棬ҶЩޡ
޺رʵʵҲ٣ҸоֻҪǲٶȣúлģҪɱǣǺѵġ
˵꣬һ۶Է֡
Χһǿ໥ͨʩչòʣʮ綼顣
ʣˣԷ̫һ棬ԼŮǿŮۡ
ӽҲ֮һЦǲõģ̫һ֣Ů۵ʵնɱֻʱ⣬Ǹ棬ŮУƳŲסغϡ
Ҫң磬һոµĻ򣡡һֶۣȫûһ˿׼ֵƶģ
УңħЩˣôЩôĶ֡
Ǳɱֻʱ⡣
ңĻҲֻʱˡ
ҶȻ߳ƶڻΪһìһѪս̫һ棬ҲڣҪ֮Уֳһ
ֻ̫һ֮ɳҶǵ񲻷İҶ֪ˣ͸һδΪȥЩǶҵ
δδҲӶ˽Ҷһһ衣
ȥ֮ľͷ
һŭ죬𡣡
̫һգҲ֪Ҷ޷˵ˣָһң쾫Ȼá
ݡ
һƬһƬ껨׹䡣
̫һſ¸ʴı꣬ƮҡҶû
֮ǹ
ҶȵȻΪһ糤ìͨͨһǹ˳ʡ
žžž
ٱڳì֮£ƬƬĽ顣
̫һּԦ˺һеķ籩ٶȱȱ죬绯Ϊ˷У֮ǹ
Ҷȵ֮ǹҲ޷һ籩
̫һʵɲǿһǰ㡣
ٿңħڴޡ޵սҲѾȥǧ֮⣬ңϿձը
ڵǧѾɱһ磬ңǿߣжپɱ١
һɱ
ʣһŮۣ㻹ǲ֮ñɱӽͻȻŮۡ
ҪΪŮۣնɱ档
ӽ񣬲żŮһս֮Ȼȥ㣬ǽκһˣĪ뿪
ηӽ
Сӿӽһˣðɡ
Ůۣɡ
תԶ
Ů۵ġĿŮ۶ȥ
Ǵв׼ţһлᣬҪңҶնɱһңˡ
ֻ԰ˣڴޡħɱˣ֮һҪס̫һ֣ɸı׳٣δһӵд磬ҲὫ̫ʯһ֡˵
ಣ
ͻȻӿٶȡ
棬㻹ߣʱߣǲ̫ˣӿٶȣŮҲȥ峺ֻͫɱ
ٶȼ죬Ѿзİףû뵽յһŮڽ죬ܳΪһû뵽
ŮĿһУҲû뵽㵱˱𶴸棬ֻõϣԱ𶴸һбѾڶͷݱΪʦڶڵõκζҶȡء
˱Ϊʦ
ǰ
ǡ
д
뱱𶴸־Լ˸硣
Ů˱ΪʦŮ۵ʦˣⲻòꡣ
ֻڱõһЩ֮аˣûеõҲ׵Ļ
Ǿͽõĺ֮ңҿԷŹ㡣󷽣һƺХƽŮ׷ɱ
ȻΪ˺֮ҶԽˣô㣿
Ů۹Ȼȡ֮һõȻʵ
ҾͽʿŮӯӯЦ
տա
Ȼ٣Ԫ֮ǰ֮ĪԵ֣û뵽Եȴǲɱ
Ůۿնĵʦǻ֮УΪʿȥ˴֮еĺɣ棬ҵĿϵĺɣ̫֮ѣԪҲ΢ĺ֮ҵõĺ֮ҾͿԳѰҺɣʦ棬ҳԽа
Խа
ȥɡ
ܵ棬û뵽Ů۵Ŀ꣬һµģҲҪȥѰҺɡ
Ů۴ˣ
ǰһЩзǿߣɱһ磬Ҫľϵ顣


3220 ʵ
Ů׷ɱЩĿһŮͶȥ𾴡
硣
ѸԽգʧһ㡣
á
зǵͽнΪ
Ǳ棬ҪŮһ֮
˲ϢһƿʹĴΧ֣ռˣͻȻĴ飬ͬգһߡ
Ϊãµգ
ĴһʩչٶȣҪȥһ
ͻȻһɹ⣬ǰջΪӫ硣
ͣ
汻ƷĴ֣ӫռ֮УǱ֣Ҳ޷ʩչֶա
ҿռ顭ӫⲢҫۣѾŮ۵硣
ӫ֮УֶΣӫ֮и޷͸ȥ
ӫ羧ϵΪ޴ڵĽ磬磬κηͨ޷ȥ
Ů۾ǳƯǰΧ
һ̵Ůֳۣĵƣһĳϡ
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Ů۴ˣȣǣ
Ĵ֮£ߺš
ಡ
ĴڣǻֻǵͽסнװҲ޷ݵİ
Ůۣ˿л֮ɫսһս
ŮͫĿͻȻһŶƺ򶨣Ҳ֪߽װΪ۷⣬ͻƼԪİնɱİߵһ죬ۡӽǵǿߣǰҲÿʩչֶΣҿ㽫֮εȸ߶ȡ
ɷ򡭡
ͷţɲ뱻Ů۵磬С
ҿܿסУ¹⵱գŮۣ˳ճһɰ׹⣬档
ԣһɽѹ
۷塭
ȭ
ʱͷŵ棬ֻŮһս粽ͻɱһȭ
ȭâǺ֮гǣ֮ƴĹϷըѣɳȥҲΧӫϢը˲١
ղһֻ㾹ȻԸ߽ΪסǹȥʿǱ
Լ̫ġ
ΪԳԽ֮ϡ
Ůһ֮ͼ΢Ǳ棬ʩչɱ
ʵҲɵȥұ۸ղűɵ˲䣬ȫʧȥ˸֪ľЩ̹ǡ
߽۷֮䣬ȷ޷Խġ
Ų̫壬Լɽ䵽Խ̫Źĵز£ǵһĴڡ
ıֱۻָ˸֪ҪƬŮ۵ƿա
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Ů۷·ʮָգ֮
ಣ
ӳӫ㣬֪ΧӿĹâȻΪһɫպʮ
֮
ʮɫ֮Уо˿ռ䡢ͨصĲںγɵ
򵥣
ž
ӿҫ۵ƣʱʮһϵڱըžϡ
䣬ΪһУܽʮɫͨ顣
ش淢ԼȻܰԵУûʮ
Ȼ䣬ԼȻǿƣȴδʮ飬ֻ΢ٶѹһЩˡ
ŮֲŪգˣ·ʯᱻڻ
ӳΧŮ۸һЦûõģֻʱ⣬ʵҲΪߣֶܼã

治ɱֹɱ
Ҳ͸Χ·Ϊһֻֻ㣬֮Ů۵
Ů۵
Ů۾ҲżƺҪǱȥεȸ߶ȡ
Ǳ
ҲԷ⣬ΧӵĴ磬ɴϢҲ֮С
ʮɫìһϣɱͨͱһѪ
ųϱƽԽĴۣķâĵǣڿʼ
ȥˡ
òʩչΪֶΡ
ѣ
һϴ𵴣ռ䶼ڲ


3221 ǿ
˴״̬ȻΪһʮɸߵˣһ׳צβ
ŮһҶһ
ӷ磬Ѫ֮ʵչֳ̫ľһ͵ĳ
䣡
һצˣͽһˡ
Ůѹţڸоڣ̹Ҹеʵ¸߽Ϊ۷һҲ۷
䣡
һ̺羫ľƣһɫˡ
һ߽װƺŽ߽ף֮ǰӦϢнףͻƸ߽׾ͨ۷ʵ
Ůһ̾
Ļ֮УͷĵĹƺ뽫ܣһ
žž
ԼβſռݺݳȻɫ
ɱȥŮô磬ҵʵࡣԼ׼ɱȥ
ҵóȷԵ֮ǰ֪ΪΣҿһۣΪ㲻һͨʿһܶˣָоˣ࣬Ҳ㡢Ҷң̫һ桢ˣϧɲҵ
С۵Ľ֮
ŮΡȻ˵Ӣ䡣
ٴνӡʮָŪķ
һһ֯Χٴγҫ۵âһ֯һ𣬻Ϊ˱֮ǰĳ
һΣĳɲǵͨΧռ䣬ںһƺǿռ
ȻռںһҵԼ޷͸ȥ澪һ
оΧɫڵ⴦ռ䣬סһ㣬κ޷
ֻߣԿ͸
͵ڣŮ۵ͨͬ⴦ռ䣬һסȫŮ۵֮¡
ҿԸһᣬڷֿڱ𶴸õıһĻᣬΣŮûչơ
ϢԽ۶͸ŰԵ̫һǱΪ飬Ӧ֪ļƻ̫һ治ܻһϣŮۣͱңҲһܽնɱ
ջ޷㣬Щһ֮С
Ůȫˣ
ʮָϲŪķûжı飺ֻܿţԼɥ۵С
һ·ʮ꣬Ȼʱ䲻ĥѣȻǴ磬վ۷İҹȥĵˣҲвĴڡ
ž
֮Уͷų౬ը
֮ͬڵĿռ䣬һ裬Ů۵ķȻһɫΪ

һɫѾͬڵĿռ䣬Χӳȥʵռ볤Ϊһ壬ѾС
̫ʯ
ʱ˿̣ҲǶͨʿӵеĴ羫̫ʯľΪԴȪ
˲Ϣ̫ʯΪ
ӿĹԣ̫ʯɫ
䣡
̫ʯǴ֮УΪ̵ʣҲǸռ䣬Դ
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צβΪ̫ʯļ̵״̬
ƣ
һסΧĿռĳѹ֮ʣȻβΧ̵Ŀռϡ
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䡢䡢䣡
Ů۾ÿԳѹɫһβ飬צһצ֮Ҳɫ顣
Χ̵ռ䣬ʵޣĲϱ飬Ҳ
Ůۣ棬Ӳҵˣҵֻֻ֧䡣
˳Ѫ״̬֮µ棬ճХ̫֮ټңص
Ϊˣ棬̫ˣ۾һ𣿡
Ůٴͷŷһɫ滹δѳ֮ʣٴνڿռס
񱻿ռӡ
ǡ̫ʯΪԴ棬ʵѾԽ˸߽ף۷
צԵץΧס̵Ŀռ䣬ɳһѺۣһһ
ץɫһΣҲ飬ٶȣԼ١
ǿˣ
ΪŮۣΧռ˲١


3222 Ѫ
ܴ鳤˺ѿռ䣬Σȥݽߣһգϵ⣬ס
Ů۾ĴˣƾΰԵĻռ䣬ҲûκεĶŭ
ɴƿƬռ䣬ļԪĳ֮һ̫ˡ
ŮۻδʩչȫҲգҾסһЩʱ䣬ո
̫ǿһ㡣
ʱΪҲܻŮְõķʽסǿߡ
ŮۣҪ°æ𣿡
ʱһڲԶ
ӽ񣬵ϴ
⣬ӽ֣һУҾɥһӽ񣬾͸оޱȵİԵ
Ů۶δʩչȫһô治ǰ߹С
лҵҪϣá
Ů۲δӽ֡
ҲϣϾŮ۵Ŀģǵõ֮ɲ뻹֪֮ĴڣȻҲ˵С
Ůõҵĺ֮Һγ룬õ
뻢ıƤ
ŮڴͬʱҲţܴŮռˡ
Ϊӵ۷ĺ֮
Сӵ߽װȴӵ۷뵱ҵʱڣǱ࣬СӻţδΪһҶӽ棬翴ʬһĮӡ
ڿռӡ֮ţκηͽ޹ȴͷܼ
ǱѾҵԤڣ棬ҿܿס۵Ĺơ
ãŮ۽ӡķʽ΢Ĳͬ
Ȼ˺ѿռͬʱΧոɫǵӡסռ䡣
ǣ
žһɫȻֱ˿ռ䣬Χռ䶼飬Ȼ糤޳
汾⴦ռ䣬Ȼһɫ˿ռ䣬洦޵ĺڶ֮С
Ͽռ糤޺ڲܵ𵴡
䣡
һɫ˲䣬棬ûжķӦᣬһĹ
۾Ȼ˼飬ӴһѪۡ
û뵽ҶһԸ߽װ磬ܿסŮ۵һδѪ
ӽǳԾ
ǸͨʿҲҶңǿߡ
һо˵档
Ů۶ԣҲЩ˷ܣҲԤ֮УΪһ߽װ֮ϡ
Ůۣռ֮УʩչҵԤȫһ
ƣѾԶϡ
߶̫ʯٴβɨΧռƬһһɫ
ŮۣСʩչ
ӽʱ͵ı֣¶һЩ졣
ûȷ̫һһСӵõ̫ʯҶӵ̫ʯŮ֪Էǻл
ֲ̫һ֣Ҫôżɱң磬ûõ̫ʯǿ̫һ֣õ
ĴڣӽΪȻܿӵ˺䣬ĽмɵǱ
䣡

ղƣԣСһΪ塣
ԴԴʩչɶĺأʵԣûжٵġ
βצ̫ʯϢ濴ȥսһĿռɱ
Ե
²۷ڵ棬κһ̤ͨ۷ż
ֶͨ˲Ϣɱ
֮һצβһܽΧɱɫ顣
Сӣ湻ƴģҵȰԣСҼң㲻ģ
ӽЦţҲδȥɱңһ֮С
ݣ
Ůһ˷
ΧɫסΧ鲻ٵĿռ䣬ʱֹһ
һżھǰ̫΢
䣡
γֵɫ٣ɱ棬ռ䣬ͽռ˲顣
壡
ѾоѪԷѾǳҪó
ͻȻѪѪըһʱ䣬֣ƸΪֲ
ȻںĴټ磬ǵһӽԶΪȡ
ӡǣһƣڱߵ̫ʯΪԴ


3223 ʾ׵һսϣ
ССԺΰǵȶԣ̫СŮɫû˿仯
һж֮С
壬ʩչߵĲɣ
壬ʼ߶ߵ
ͫԼȭҪߵ״̬߶ܷ
һ̣߶壬͵Ĵȭʮʽ
ÿһУһȭʮȭںһ𣬶ʱžΧɫܿ徹Ȼһ˲ʮȭ
䣡
ռ䶼ܻɫȴһȭâ֮£Ժȭ˲һ顣
СҲ̫ܿˣϧҵǰڤ粻飡ӽŰԵ棬ȴȻĮӡ
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ȭʮʽÿһоտޱȣɶĸںУռ䶼ɫ顣
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Ůۣڸ߽װΪʵͨ۷ŮӦЩɱˡӽڸе˵
ŮٴӡΧֵɫΧһռס

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û뵽Ӱ쳣޷顣
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ӽ·ϵһĻõģСӣ޷֪ĴεŮ۵ʵóɣǳʧ
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飡
һδιצβ޷ɫ飬ΧռΪը嶼һЩѪۡ
硢ͨ
ͳͳһУŮ۶ѹ֮ϣǷ棬̶
һǿƿصľżˡ
Ǵ磬վ۷ʵ
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ӴԲͻѾоľͷ
ͻưһ̣о磬˽¡
ʱΧĿռ䣬һɫİԵ̫ʯıԴȻ޷飬Ѿ⴦ռ֮УŮǰϡ
ٿŮۣδʩչȫҲɣ޷⣬ԣ𶥵̡ͬ
䣡
ѪΪַյĻ棬۷һȭĿռ䡣
ҲδκһɫԼˣѾ֪ռٵѪڡ
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Ůۺ⣬ʯ棬עΪҼ£뱱𶴸õʦ̤˰һУΪҵ
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ҲǺڣ֮·ʱȥڣĺҲ˷ʱģܵõ֮ˣʱӱ𶴸һбҲõһЩ㲻ʣò֮ҲõӶվڽĸ߶ȡ
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Ů۲Ϊ棬һ߽װ۷˵İĵ
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3224 ʾ׵һսУ
һῴŮۣһῴ棬ͻȻ뵽ʲôŮҪɱ棬Ǳ濴ȥǰ򵥡
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3225 ʾ׵һս£
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3226 ɱ
ʦˣУһգҶȵ͸
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ĵİ˫ۣͬһʱص㻹ԹȥʿȻʦĶ֪û㣬𶴸ڵһУҵģҽõĺ֮ȥǴ֮еĺɡ
ҡҡͷܹңԵ
û㣬ʦһУҵģû㣬ҹԪѾȥ˺ɣõ˺֮Σյõʦ𴫳ең㣬ҽնɱ㣬õڵĺ֮һУһľŰɡ

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˿ֲĹƣԽԼ
岻Ƕ֣Ψʩչں̫ʯ壬ʮںϺ֮޳ɵĺɽ
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Ů۵һλʧɫִžϲԭ뱱𶴸ΪõʦһУ㾳粻ңʱҲң֮ȴԽң𶴸ĴУõˡ
뵽㣿ɫ棬һɱһྪ˵ռ䡣


3227 յ֣ϣ
ҴûУССһֻ϶ѣҴˣһͽ㵱ˣǺ뵽һ㣬棬ڷҲԸ߽װΪȻӵһ۷ΣҲֻһʼղҵĶ֡
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ڴ޺ʦϢҿԸǾһӣ

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ԭǾ
ˣθޣٶҲ޷ݣʵȲϴٶơ
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֣ƾǼҲҶңħڴĴоˣ
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ಣ
ħҲˣûˡ
ǰҲԵ


3228 յ֣£

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ң
̫һ취Ҳ׷ˡ
˼ˣ
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ۡӽ񡢴취Ϲ֡ĩŴŮ̫ۡһһ𣬵֮УΪĴڸ߿档
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̫һΪ·ŷƣһȺں֮ڣҶңͷʱҵȿԸһ·
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ʵ⣬Ƕ֡
ҶңϣΨ֡

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Զҿȥʮڵ磬Ϊŵĺڶˡ
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ŴڱĻ֮Уɱڶơ
ٿҶȡңⷽǼ˵ƶˣһʱ޷ᣬ໹ǺԵġ

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żɱȥȴŴֵɣҲһûˡ
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Ҷң󣬼մ羫Ҳͷų
ޡħ޵Ҳ׷ڽӡƺɵڵ֣ۼڹ֮С
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ԷĴοֲɱ
׷ɱ
䣬ڼ˱ֲƵ˲䣬һͻȻȥ
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ɵӻ⻪֮УͻȻ޴󻯣˫ͷ׵Ǻɵ߳һһ׹⣬ɱ˾Ŵ֡


3229 ֮һս
Ǳ飬̫һֵ̫һ澭
ģо׹ܿ¡
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Ȼ֣Ϊΰ޷ʤصģ
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ȷֵκһˣ޷ơ

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Ŀѣ˫ͫͷɱٴξۼһ
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ÿͷųԼΪķ̫һ̫һ澭Ϊһ߶ɱһ籩
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Ǽ֮Ҳɱ˾ŵ⻪һڿвɱΧĴ𵴵ķ籩Χ綼֮Уʼ顣
ҶȵΧķ羫ע뼸ϵ֮С
Ŵһֵķƣǿɱ
¾֮ǰشʵȻ

ʵֲ̫ɷĸѾá
潫ڵĹâͷųʮЩ˾޴Ҫڶٵĵͽסнװ
̫ˣǲᱻѹң߶ͨһϵ
ټӳںϻ֮УɱĹƣںϣ٣ڰԷ˹һ顣
˫֮ʣ˭Ҳû·ⷽң֮أǻȥ
Ŵ·ģɽ죬뵽ɱң磬Ǿʹȥնɱˣһ뵽˵Ĳʱ䣬͵ڸǿ󣬵ʱҶȡңػᱨѩޡ
ʴ˶û·һ֮ս
⼸һôֶΣǿ⣿
Ҷȡң漸Ԫȿµߣ˫ûаգ˭նɱǾ֣Ȼɱˡ
Ͼң磬ӵбԴá
ŴһһԾҲþ֣Ȼɱˡ
һҪɱ棬ĺ֮ܶ˶úǴ˵֪ʦȥ˺ɣǲ羡ͷ
ŮۿɲҪʲô̫ʯ
ֻҪ֮ȥ޵ĺɡ
ʦ𣬸ղشˣʵҲܽնɱֻܼȥգҪֵԸǡ
˫ν档
ַ֮ҫǿգЮңγɶĢưĴը
Ŵ֮ǰˣˣɶԷҲһ֮ȻǼ޷Կġ
Ҷң磬֮һ类ǿ߶ߣңƿҲ
Ҳã˽ʧȥңƿء
ĿǰŴֽϳһʱ䣬ʦ𡣡ңҲףҪֵ
֣ĿǰֻԴƿء
Ҽںϣɻ󾫻һԸˣٷƿ֡
ɵںϡ
ɵڻʣһЩ֣ǾŴɱɱ֮
ɵӴ߶ǾŴɱ緢֮ɱþŴһֲ


3230 ڴ
̫һ֣ǲ̫һ澭𣿡
һˡ
ŹЮŻɱˣΧնǱġ
Բĺɵٿ̫һ߶̫һ澭󷨱а˳ơ
ǲһϢ뷨ЩͬҲɵǼʩչֵ
棡
̫һûжı飬ȴ޵
Ƿ̫һ澭
ֻǵ󷨱˲٣̫һӻڣȻܸӦ
Ȼˣ֮£ֻԼ̫һ澭Ͼʡ󷨡ӡǡͬ
ҵķڹȥǴС磬澹Ȼҷ̫һ澭ںˣ˸߶ȡ
Ǹʹ죬һʯѹ׹Ԩ
غģǳҷ
治ϽԼͷң۷壬ҪںϸΪӴ֡
ɵͷŵһ̶ȣ΢ӦֵʱԼķٶܳ
粻Ǹ߽ס
۷磬ܸΪȥĴ񷡣
ңҶȣҵ͸̫ʵޣ˽ں֮߶ҪǵĺʵȻҪԺƴ֡
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ãӣҶңδ߶֮ԸŴ֣۷
ಣ
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ˣ
ɺӳڣ߶ɽüĳ˺ӡǣֻһSεӡüġ
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ʱ仯ܾ˵ġ
ͷŸ編ң硣
е˺֮ȻΧĴ磬ҲڰлΪ˺
ӵĺ֮ںϣܿ춼֮ȡ
ӵĺ֮Ȼʮ֮һǹӵΪ۷ǵĺ֮ǱΪģ˵ĺ֮ںһ
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ңڲٿػ羫뷨֮״̬£ȴӦΧңټգڰл˻ɫ
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̫ʯҲǳԽ֮ϵĴڣ֮һγһ޷ݵľ
𽥵ģ˫һδɱ֮У𽥿֡
Ҫʱ䣬ȥʶΪ֣ҪɱŴ֣һɹ
䣡
Ů̫ۡһ桢ۡЩ֮Ϊ籩ⷽǿˡ
ȿȣ
ҶȡңħЩ巢顣
ڴ޼ʱԼΧ֮
ѳǿ֮ĩղʩչֵֻżȻ֣ȴҲֻһΰˡ
ϹɱҪɱˡ
ҵΪУֻ·һ˵ǲҲǾŴΪСĩŴХ
ŴֲɱԵķϻ޷ݣǴ֮κһ磬Ҳ˲Ϣ顣
䣡
ȻǾֱƽ
һԾŴĹҫҶⷽĹơ
Ҷȡңħͷˣ취̤Ǻӣ졣
䣡
˵ٴκϻ֮ɱһΣҪһɱ
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գһʶʾӴ߶ɵ
ɵӼ֮ȻһƻΪ׹ⱬ
߳塣
һױޣ֮ҪԶӣȻһ˾˺ϻ֮
䣡
˻һҪһУɶû뵽ɵͻȻ³һѪ࣬羨ϺһԵ
Ǿ˺ϻ֮Ȼˣһֲ֮Ҳ޷ݵĻŴֻܺһЩ
ʩչΡң˿û뵽֣Ҳ˿ֲĻ
ŴǰǼǷܴ߶ٴ֣ϾǾ֮ǰǱشģӰ
λ
һ˺ϻ֮
ӽͻȻ˵ǲðգҶǣ˭֪ǻܷ֡


3231 ϣ
ȷһһ顣
ǺۼǧֻҪһԿնɱҶȡңӽһ˿⡣
֮ǰǼˣͿң磬û뵽ջҪ˵취ͷͬ⡣
ŮͬӦίʵ£ȻðգǾ;ۼа֮£նɱҶȡң
ɲǣŴּʩչϻ֮Էʩѹ֮һ߶ƣڶɱһİ
ʦܣ
ңԾܵĹʼ
ҶͷŲӦҿŴҪۼҪԾնɱǡ
ټҲܣ
Ҳʼ°뿪磬ⷽӿ
ʦҪЩŴֹƣԿסаϻǿ¼ֲס
ҶңֻϣдֿãǾܻɱڶ
ƵıĪ⣬ҲȻȻġ
ʱѾԼſգңһǿգһˣվ˴۷壬Ϸһŷɫ֡
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Ѿʼƿ֣һҪǿǾ֮
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ںϣҲȻԿƸ֡
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ʧȥʵΪƿң磬һֹ;Ϊ֮ʧȥ͵ʧȥ˵֧֡
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Ȼ·һӰ֮£ʱԸоԼƿһЩ
ಣ
ң˷½аݿն
ǾŴǷۼİԽԽ࣬ܿˡ

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Ҳа½֮ǰٶ½ȴȥֱ˰ˣͺǼа֡
ʧأôֵܣ̵ģħžۼΧİõֻ۶Ѫ
׼ʩչϻ
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죬ҲҪһػң磬նɱ̫һ棬ػ硣
һٶʼͷŷ½иΧշ
ԷǰҲڿʼͷŴ
һӹ򣬾ŴѾվǧǰֳΪŵâΧԼķ֮ͨС
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ҶȡңħԼһٶдľγһķʩչһ֮ͨһɱ
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̫һˣ˲ɱԼ
ǧ˲Ŵ֮ͨУɾŴ˲һƳӿȵâ˹ȥ
ңڶ磬ʿ̧ͷŸ߿գһǧ˰âڶ𣬽ҶǷһٶ˵ûС
䣡
Ȼ䣬âընڱ飬âִſֲ𵴡
ۣ
һϢ̫һ桢״ⷽռݾơ
֮ңⷽһٶͬʱűĿռ䣬Уɡ
Ҷȡңħ桢ڴҲͬˣһЩͽװѪ
ҶҲѪɫ԰ףˡ
ħңҲˣڴޡ棬ƺء
նɱңʮˣڶǾնɱа
취͵һɨǰգѾûжս⡣
ңǿҲʮǿߣϻ֮Ķ֡
ĴƬУңҶȡħһЩͷŷƿش磬ΧЩͬʬ壬ʹѡ
ҲҪң磡Щ˵ǿǣ˹Ҫ繲
ˣ
һ̣˵棬ͻȻЦˡ
ʣʮһ˲䶼ò̧ͷǿֲ֣Ȼֳӣɵٲң紹ֱ׹¡
泯Ҷȡңףա


3232 £
֣
ǲ£ܴ߶ǰµְɣ
ɾˣΪϣ
ǿֵ֪ⷽܶĿֲһЩʶңԦֵһĻ
ˣ
ǧ̫һ档
Ҳɵ֣󳷡
ɵĹ֮У桢ҶȡңʦͽˣΧǻɫϢ֮С
ӵƿش֡
ң̾оԼ޷ֿ֣û뵽ʦͽ֣ܿ˰֡
Ҷͫ׷ŭ𣺡ʱǳѪծ
ɵ
ˣ߶úɵȥ֡
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ɵڲˣ˿֣Ǻɵʱ֮е֣Ȼһֲַ籩УԷ籩ɱڳ˵ǧ
졣
䣬ּ߶ɵ֣һɷ籩ϯЮ֣Ϊڶ籩ɱȥ
׻𳤿գ
գۣɵ͵һӡ֮Ҷȡңϴ߶

ЩֻΪһһɻǼɳŻ棬γһƬǣǳ˵İǵɱȥ
þûиоƣˣʩչƣԦ֣֮ңҪ¡
ǻҪǱֺɱʦ֣ҶͻȻһ㣬ңָ־
棬ۣǳлӣ۷ʵҲ޷֣ʩչ˵ĳ̶ȡ
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ˣ
ϹֲߣǶȥٶ̫ˡ
һЩǿߣϹֶߣҲϽȥ
ֻз˴ַ籩˭ҲӲȥ̫һŭʱȻƿؾ档
󣬷һܵס
ŮͻȻͷź֮Ҳֵ֪ûκһˣԶԶԿΨ֡
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ǧٶĶӣǴǧǿߣҲ֮ңΧ
úõģҪң硭ڲձ̰ˡ
ְ
һ̣ոγɣһ׷籩ϯʮڰķûС
ڶ籩ɱڰַ籩֮Уǵķʼ飬һЩҲбֻ顣
ͣ

ľ꣬ǧЩߵǿǣҲһûǿģֻ
֮߳ƬֺХĴա
ЩߵİǿߣûһܼסϢǵ汻п˻Ϊ촷ۻǳҲûʤ
գ۹򣬷ٰ֮ˣиۼǿҲ
ǲ
֮еķ㣬ϱ飬һҲп
ĩŴڣԹ޵Ŀ̫һ档
˭һۣʹ̫һ棬̫һĺҲң硣
䣡
ʮϢ󣬷ȫ飬ɡ
ʧȥǿǣʱ桢֡籩ûЩͨɱһЩİ뾡취ʩչֶַξҲҪԪ
ˣ
ˣ
ǧǧǿǣǿİǣ˭ҲٶңȥһɢΧա
Ŀ챻Ϳգ
ħޡ޷߿գΧ
Ҷȡң涼оķֳˡ
ϽΧ羫Ŵ羫ɸҩڻָУҶͻȻʩչ

Щߵǿǣ֪ô£ڸ߿ͻȻƶǴʮǧ֮ߵգȻռ任λҶȵǰ
ɣ
Ҷһ֣ǧǿǣΪ˸ʬȻγһɹͨǼ˿ɡ
޵С
ɵ֡
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ʱָʤˣħӿѪǰݺıա
һȥ
˻գĻ޷ݵġ
ʬƯţ뻹ʮԼԼͷš


3233 ٣ϣ
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Ҳ䡭
̫һ̫һ澭˹澭ҲѾֲѺۣˡ
˫Ѫ죬ʵ̫һݣôܰԪİС
ŮõӡҲ˽ΪأʮҪõĶ࣬ܿΧӴơ
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Χٰʬ壬޵ıһƿʯƵģ֮С
⣬Ҷʩչ
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Ҷȡң桢Ҳһʱ䣬ʼʬ
ʱһսˣ
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̫һ֮£ӿֲƣ̫һ澭飬Ƭ֮С

һ䣬ҶҲ˲ᣬҲ˹֮УΪһɫâһȭɱ
ٿ̫һ棬Ҳɱһâ
˫ǿ߶һ˲Ϣɱһ
䣡
պķѣ£˫˰Ե
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̫һ沢δնɱֻǱٴˣϽѪѣվҲ޷ʩչƣ¿ԣʵҲ͵ͽװˣʱڲָܻ۷
ٿҶȣɰʬ塣
Ůۣˡ
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Ůۣ
ʱӸһ磬ٷһȺǿߡ
ͷԼŮµһǿߡ
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룬һ㣡ֻһڿֲ϶£ձγһֵ̺Ŀֲ׹⡣
֣
ʮлİǣ˭ĵ
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ʩչе׹⣬ϧͬ˲䱻ƣΧǿҲһ׹֮»Ϊ촷ۡ
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֮
Ů۵üģҲ˺ӡǡ
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ķ˿ǻɫƤ֮µÿһϸ磬޷ݵĻɫâ
ӡ·ɱ
ɱǧգ̫һϺ֮߶˵ӡǵӡ˲һɫâ
壬ȫͷͫ

֮ͫ羻˺ڰҲҪ磬ƿնȥ
䣡
ӡĻâɱͫ·һӣӸ߿͵ͫ
֮ͫռ飬Ҳڲ
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ˣ
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ĺ֮Ϊ˺磬ɵںϣ֮ϵֹͨ
ŮۣҵĶԹܿиǿһȫԻɱκδ
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һЩ֮Ϊ۵ĺɹ󣬻Ϊϵһ֮ɽ
ˣ
һЩ𺳸ߺ


3234 ٣£
Ǵ֮Уֵĺ֮ɽû뵽ɽ֮ϣȻվһӰ
صӰȻκֺ֣̤֮Ӵϰ
ʦ𣬺Ũҵĺ֮ǧ򱶰ҶȡңǺ֮ɽƣ޷š
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ڳİǣԸоռ䱻޷Ǹռ֮жһ¡
ԷƬ磬ƿ˺֮¡
Ȱƽϯÿ䣬ǲֶԸƽ٣ȲȻɱ
ɽ֮ϵˣȻȵ
紺ףըÿëȻ

ſ𽥽ٵĺ֮ɽһɫۣ·˵ϡףͼѣ𣿱𣿡
Ȼң
΢ЦӦ
𣿣Ů۲š
𣿡
ѵǼԪǰǸ޵еİ
ˣΪӵд֮Уǿʢĺǰ֮УֻŮӵС
ʮǣһʱ𺳿λˡ
Ǳձ𶴸Ļˣһģһ
Ҵɶ
ɲǣ̤ĺɽȻղһںɽ֮ϣƽ٣ȾȻΪ˸Ե̰ɱΪͬʱҲػʹȻߵ죬˭˰Σ
ҵȰϣɱң磬ͳһ˷磬еİռ䣬ʱԵֶԸƽ٣
ϹͻȻվƣһ
ǾһԪʮԪĴڣһԼǰNɪ
ǰҲԼĴ㣬ֻͳһ磬аǣǹģնԸƽ٣취Ҳ˵
ϹһһǰмЦ
磿
գʣǾðϵľ磿ǾԼǰʹ˴磿
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˲䣬۷ȻĿ֮£ֻǱ޵һ֣Ȼڱֻ
Ϊ취ϹָϽΧ̫ۡһ桢Ů۵ҷͣҪ
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һж˵ˣ̫ǿԶԶ
ڳǿ˭ҲңҲ׾Ϲ취ˡ
ף
δ仯֮ǰǰ㣬ŮۣûһЩʣڼԪ֮ǰȥµĶõ֮ĴУȻΪɵʹߣճΪɴˣȻһ뿪ȥ硣
ʦ𣡡Ů۹£ͷ
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˸磡ȴû˿İ·뱱ʶˡ
ƿռ䣬ӹȥδӴδȥȥǼ˴ʱգ֮䣬û編ı䣬Ҳıǵ켣ԼĹ켣ǵĹ켣仯仯
ŮۣǣõҵĴУĩڣƽ٣޳磬ϧΪǼ˴˿ռ䣬û編仯õҵĴУŮֻ΢΢õ֮ˡ
ˣ־ķ򣬶ΪǼ˵Ĺ켣仯̫ʯӦ飬Ϊ飬δһգȥ˹ȥŵõ̫һ̫ʯȥȥһ̣һй켣˱仯
͹֮УעģȴֱǶı䣬̫һ汾ǿŮ۱ΪҵĴУȥɣҶȡңڴޡħ񶼻Ϊİŵ㣬ӦʮԪ֮ǰ
ˣǵˣԼȥƿأŵܣĳɳԽҵһˣڵĹȥȴ󣬷Ϊıƽ˵ˣǺƿߣ֮ǰδϵһ㣬úüͣȻںɵ㡣
һ˵࣬İǣңʿ


3235 
ԭǲ֪Խ֮ϵģǺɡ
Ĵڡ
ȭ˸磬һкܶʣҪ㣡
㻹ȿ˫֣ѻƽ˵ɣʱʵ磬ټһ̣ܶ飬ýͣԼˣټ

ת΢΢һЦͽ̤ɽȻ֮󣬴ֶȥ
ͱ𣡡
£еİˣʵΪ𣬱ǿʵڳİõϿɡ
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