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1 ħڶ
ǧɽɾ
޾֣޾޾ɽ
˼ɽ֡ɽˮ֮УȻһ
һӴġĻʹҲѷɫӴ󹬵Ⱥ
ڹ룬һģΪĹƻٰͨһᣬһʢᡣ
ܣÿΧưڷʮشŵӣΧһȦϣϵرɽ亣ζĿʹʵֻȫֻԣֻţг룬ʮֻռѬѼʶ죬ޣ澹ѵһϵʳ
ΧɵȦڣĸϣ԰ڷһ˶ߵľ޴߸ףֱװŶʮġҶࡱʮġ񡱣ʮġѺ족ϰġŮ족
ڴ룬һѻľ̿ϣ˿һֻ޴գڻ֬̿죻ԱߣһֻĻţѱиֻʣӴĹǼܡ
һƬڵҵһ֣ɢֱ֮⡣
ھϯ֮УоŰΪעĿȺǹһΧڵС
һѣΣϯ£һš
ϯ֮ˣһ֮£㶼ǲ
ۣ֮װߣһʿݻ֮ˣ̻¶顢ΡΡ󺺣ͷֶңڵˣĿ԰һ˵Ŀòꣻб齵ľŮɫۡ÷ɿͣһϮͷ鴮һˡ
̧ͷ֮֮ˣۣͷͨڣǰʮ켣˼һ㡣òʮƳ룬ٱΰԳ˫խ˾÷ᣬƤ԰͸ִӹ͸аζֱһ˵Ĺ
ǽ֮ʱｻ֮䣬һЦȫע
ֻΧ֮ϣһֺվ̹¶飬ͭϵĵﹰֺص򸣣ҵܻΪ٣ʵң¼ΪšΪɡ
ֺһԳңһֳƳ£֮ˣһƱ£һֳϵġƨĵĲײ֪࣬ܵ¸û֮꣬ϵ˵װ֮⣬ȫ¶һﲻмı顣
ֺ󺺶˱ӶԴһӣȴĸ̴̧һ̨ǰڷϯǰ
һ˶ߣŽ޳У쳣
ֺԽˣ̨ǰһ৵һ£ƿϵĳС
һʱʶĿѤˡ
ϯʱһ
ֻ£ȴһŽӽһߵĳɫɺɺ²ΪһīɵĻ裬ɺĸҲϵϽ϶ɡԴСţΪ
īΪ裬ΪֻױѺʰǮ
ٿɺϣɫʯɵһȥҶɫӳĿ
˶ҷΪ֦㶼ʯ̣ɫɣ
ֻ߲ͣʴΪΡԻƽΪ̥ʯΪ̬Ȥ¡
⣬иɫʯƳɵҡӡٶö֦ͷ
ǧǳ
̨֪ºˣͷһͷʣ֮϶һƬĺȲ֮һʱ˷쳣
ϵĵ֮ˣȻϲִЦ˴γӶѵѰ˱οҲˡţ̧ȥ
ת˴ֺһЦԭŻ谮ʲôΪ񣬲밮侹Ȼ˹ؼʱ̡һ˼Ҳáޱ׼ʥ̶а꣬͡ħţһͻơԪ
һ䣬ȫһƬ֮
ֺһʱϲסеĿϲһס
л´л̧١
ȺۺȻкã׷׶Դֺ󺺴عϲ
ֺҪԪΪ˳Ծڳ֮ĸֱ㲻𾪵ǣⱻΪ֮ˣȻʥŵءʥ̶šħ
֪ǡʥ̶ǡħеǡʥ̶֮أڴ˵ԪΪףͻƵȼϣΪҪ̺ŵġʵͻֻ֮Ҫڴ˿һѴ򿪡֮ŵԿףδ죬Ҫ֮ͨʿࡣ
öħʥ̶յġҪһΣλ˶ѾܷԪɹˣǶòŻ쾳Ϊ˫֡
ǺǣȻʥŽ飿ַפʥΣΪţǷ̫ˣ
һ·ĵڤһ㣬ɨȫոջٱˣ˲䶳ᣬ̻Ȼ׷ٷһԡ
ƺԤϵ˲ͭеѪһһֵλķʩʩȻ˵ԭѪڵ֡
λ֮ӣһƺۣƾͷڹڣ֪ͣƺʮֺʮͷɫ԰͸ŻˣȻòΪӢɢһļµԶ֮Ų԰׺Ѫɫϣȴһʺ촽ʺѪΡ촽Ī˸е־塣
ɫ԰֮ӣϵĺɫۣ۵ѯʣҲشֱӡ
ߣ֮˵䳰ȷδ׷Ȥؿһδ棬ȻʧЦѹֻô󡭡ֶļζһڣʳֵĿζɣ
֮ȡһ֣˲ʺ촽Եڣ
ãֿ֪֡ζ˴ξۻܺ׼ţΪ׼ʳ̧
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˲ɵһʱ׹ۿ֪ĸֳΪʳʳﵽǺεģ
Ů续üĿϵЦݣôЩǣǿ
Ŀ¶֮ɫӣƺ֮档
ԶѪһı飬ɵøӺ档
ѵϵ¡ѵһľζ
ʮĺģ֮˾㶼Ρ
ϣŮͬʱڸ֮СʳһʱΪ˾۵ס
۰
ϸһ֮˲־֮ƺ˵ϯ䣬ͣŻ¡
ԭ֮ʮͯӡһһŮ¶̰üĿ㣬ͯӹ״ȴѱȫ죬ȽȽһаζڵĴ
һʱ֮ˣ޲ɫ䡣
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ǺǺǣֹȻǶ֮ˣĳ㲻ˡ
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ϯˣ׷棬Ŀӣڲԡ
ϯ֮Уһϯ䣬߲ʿȸ멵ľɫŮͣ´춯ָף¶֮ɫȵˣ
Ůӵо֮绪Ŀ筴Ǳζ顭һֵμˣȴһ˵ɤ
һϺȣ֮˸ǣתͷһĺЦݣѯǺιʣ޿е֮
벻绪һˣȻ֮
֮Ȼ˵ʥžڣʮѵһֱֻۣ˵кθ߼ɣαŪЩ˶ĵĶﰭۣ
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һƬѪɫȻ֮ˣƻĵãͻȻһƬֻس֮
ȴԭ֮˶λĻΪŭкҲһ£ֱӱ㶯֡
ĪƾҲҶ֣һȣڰȻһƾոһֻ߲ʿȸչ֮䣬ɫ߲ǣ֮һʱڶ֮һһ䡣
ֻѪɫ·޾һ㣬һʱ֮óֵ˫˽֡
Σ֮
˾Ȼܹ֮γɾԵޣ书֮ߣƾ
ֱֳԣ֮࣬ԺĵĴ䡣еľϯǳһɫ⣬סǰľϯóĳ⣬úȾƵĺȾƣñ˵ȻŻеˡ·ⲻԶľĴɱ㲻һ㡣
ֻЩз֮ȴϯЩδͨ֡һʱ֮䣬ϯĩһ㣬Ӱɡңʱеù˱ɨѪ˵ġ
ס֡
һȣΡΡ֮ͬ⴫˲ȫеһ˲䶼оԼ౻˺ݺݵץסһ㣬죬ͷγȻһȴ㶼޷ֺ
֮ڣ貶ĿĿȸİѪɫ𡭡ڿռ͵һ֮䣬㶼ʧ谵Ĵٴ
ĿŮľ壬԰ɫ꣬ɫøӲ԰ס


2 Ⱥħ
ֻһ˲䣬ƵٿȻ֣ѹλħħʱȫ
ܵȾģֹǸոսֵˣϯϵλҲһʱѹ
ʱۣĿƣȻղתħ˼֮°룺쵰ûһҪ˴ξۻɹģչ¶ЩֶΣΪĳ˺۸
ܵѪڡδ֮󡱼аɣۡƵǿƣǰ̬ǿӲַȡһ˼֮󣬼޾˸Բ
װ绪ͷɴһʿ·ʱƿ˵벻ʮ겻ֵġתħ־һ㣬С㾴
һ䣬ϴһЦӹԼĻͷ
۹˵üǣĳϲΪǡԱߣһֱɽۻĺ۴󺺴ʱҲ˵
۴ǻʮ꿪⣬ͺĿֺбüޣסЩɫΪģëͷüë룬ëΪɫϵĻۣһȼյĻһ㣬˵֮ʱƺҲһɻĺ֮
۴󺺱һֻ⣬֣û뵽ʮδƵе书ȻأѾȻΪħŵĵһˡ
ϯϾˣþƾΨλ֮õǾ̳
۴Ծ̳һڣȻ˵ҵգѵ˿ֵΪжҲ绨ԣʥʮڣʣڣʥʽ΢кָ̣βأ
ãʹ졪
ɨһ˷ԣ㰺Ȼ˵ʥһԶǰɽһսǰѾáʥһһŷΪʮڣʱգѲֽ꣬ϣֻʣա¡ǡ硢Ѫ𡢻а衯ʮţӲд룬λڻɽݹȻù˰ɣβٴξںһνһߵͣʥŹأ
˵˷֮վۿ
䣬һЩħ˱㿪ʼȺ鼤ܣĺȡ
ԣҵ̵òͷˡ
ӦٴκһЩαһ¡
һ£
Ѫ𣡡
ɱ׵ˡ

ʱһȻƮȴڸǵһɶ
ʥźһȻУ֪ʥ֮λ˭أ˵׵ָȺ𣬡µһĽԹۣšƹ͡Ǹ󡯸龳򣬲ֳ֪֣ܶԸһأ
Ƶһضһĩβ˵͵ʥ֮λָú˵أĪɷڵĶ͵ְܵɡ͵ѧˣǼƲ죬ʥ֮λĪˡ
һЦҡȣͣز۽Цᣬ˵ִԲӡ
ŶԸꡣ
ȻΪһ֮ѧ书Ľӣ˵Ľǡϵʮ֣СʣҲ̰ʥ֮λأ
͵֮أ
СܣǱм飬ǻɽݹȣҲֵУαһʱͷȻأ
˵֮ңĹˣ˿Լ̰üɫضŪһԵŮ
Ƶһ޶õģƵȺǰûӣǵ˵ǰŪƵе檡
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ոЦŮֻһƣȫٿȻʧȥܵһ˿һͬʱ·ʲôסһ㣬ݺݵһòήٵأƶһ֡
δţʩʩȻҡӣȲֹҲϧֻһ֮ͽ飬΢΢ЦţſһϷ
Ȼ˷Ϊ֡
ŭ߳ˣ˲֪ߵغڴ˵ȺĸڴЦͳŷ磬ͽȻ˳Ц
òŵſڵϣɸ˵֪
֪֮ˣ㶼һħŴĸָֻĴϣĵεĶ鹫ܹԼ˵һûԼ
ϧŮʵῴħ˵顣
ҡֽȣһȻԵõ飬ͷתһ£ȫŮȵĴ֪Ƶƶʣӵһʱ𣬱ǹⶺŪŮƵ֮õģŮòĶʱ˿̣ҲһöӶѡ
ӼȻѾأʣµģȻͿֵıˡ
ӣ˭ܹܵ
š
ڣ
Ͻȥ

ಲıδ󺺽ƴĵȥõݡ
ƵһתһЦԵλЦˣ²ϣͽЦϣԷһ
˵꣬ͭоһһĨϵľգղŵĲδȻŴһЦ⣬˵Ц˿ԸղŶԷΪ
⵹һֱ뿴ƵЦķ֮ȻĪش˸
ոն͵ԵԼǰ׵֮УҿЩǫˡֵġʮű䡿˸κ񹦾ܹѧͻƣϵʮ֣Ҳеһ
ȻһЦ΢˵Сڡ쾳ʮ࣬һֱδа취Сܵý龳ЩòȻ֮ͽһкβɣֻ
˵ĿһǣȻ


3 ħ޵
һ䵽Ϊⷽ棬Ȼʱ˳ЦҲνˡɼռλǺڵҪˡ
Ƶḧ룬һжȻ˵ĪҪҿǺ
Ҳγ֣һš
˳һӣȴһɫƿ
Ƶиǰʹթɻشƿһ֮ܰƮȻת˲ȫ
Ϊ֮һ塣
ףǰһЩɵĽƿ֮ﵹģֻһö۴СϽɫ裬Χ뵵оž׵֮
衿
棬һֱĬˣ׵µˣɵͬʱʧ˳
λɫۣһģĵʿָǼ֡
֮ǰ˵ߣһֱλòңиһλڵ˻һ۱۹ŵ˵Ĳӣһھƣ֡
˱뻳òֺڵҩһ֣ݹ֮ȴٿȻɫ䣬͵İһŵرеĵ衣
µȻĶȴ˻еľɫ欣ѽһȻ֮ϣϯľײһأԼҲŪ˸ۡ
µ˹˲˵İԹһӣһһΪţŸڵУִػӰһȥֻӰ׷ɣۻңãȻ֪δһ֮䣬ɫӰէֺϣٴԳ֮ʱȴѳߡ
´󾪣δüκζһգöϽɫҩѳ˵˵С
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Σ
ۡƵ΢ŵ۾Ծһ
µǿϢɫָɫڱǶţСָЩмһĿһһϲ𾪵ı鸡ϣǿһ̾Ȼǡ衿
һȫȫ֮˶֮һͬʧɫ
ʲô˵пӲһġ衿
ʲôӲһ죿
ͷǶˣҲӲذθһҪǡ쾳۷壬ֻһöҩֱӽ龳
ҵѽǲҩô
ҩ⼸û˵ֹģΪֻǴ˵е⡭
ôܣܡ
ôܣںλ֮Ҳһɣ
ûûʶʶҩµһʶΪ˵ǡ衿Ǿ׼ˡ
ϼҩ
ƵؿŵȺ۵ķӦַӦԼԤ֮Уɵֵ⡣
;ʶǷöҩǡ衿ɡ
Ȼ֮ǰжĻ˿Ƶп϶ֲ²⣬һκˡ
ۣһʱȺ鼤Ϊ˷ܡǾλ֮Ҳ¶Ϊеɫ
µ˽һԼĻС
šۡƵУһЦ֣۰ɡ
ۡƵɫһЦϵȴɫ䣬аޣµ̫⡰衱Լ˵µ˾Ȼкǿ˹ȥֱӸƵ̸УԼĿ
δ˴ˣҡ衱ԼҪһʱ˲ʲôسǸৡһ£һϣҪ֡
Ҫ֮ʱϯһ˳ѯ⣬ȴ˼һȻֵĹת˲ͣ
֪⡾衿ﻹмöĳԸ㹻Ĵֽһͷֶҵĺ˵һ˵С
衿컯ˡ޲ܽˡ
ϢΪ֮һϵĺڰϢƺҲ˲Ũ˼֡
֣԰ꡭƵ˵һɢŹ衿ĳдãȻܶһֻҪλͬںһ֮٣ޣԸ˫ַϣдǡڡ衿Ǻǣˡ޲ܾԣޱ֤㹻λòġ
ˣĳԾںһ֮¡顣
ڸ顣
ͬ⡭

λһʱԻؿ̨ɷġۡƵС
ʱᣬںһ֮£Ժ̸ֻ۾⣬ˣΪλ׼ľʳ
ؼʱ̣ȻʳǰһʳĴѾٽκʽľϲˡ
Ȼ׼Ȼ͹ƵеĲб
һ˶֮ϣڸνʳĸǽ֮˻Ȼ󾪡ֻһɫ֮ϣۣ֬Խ壬̬
˾ԭ֮ǰʧЦ檡ʱȻϣȻ͸
һЦƵ£ЦԵƽ˷һ޵£޵Ůˡʷʢ£֮ҷ롪
һ԰գһǰȥŮ֣֮ʳ֮
ۻϲʳ׶ѪѪĪʱҲɵΪ֮ɫȺһʱ岻ԡ
󸾼޸Ц˵˾ںһ¿ɶʥ֮λҲڶѡֻǲֶ֪ǡµһ֮ƵĽкζԲߣ
Ľ
ڹɼ䱥ʳѪƵȻ̧ͷѪۣ˫Ŀ֮һƬһ˿ɫ
޺Ȼ˲ҲƵеı仯ŵؽ䱸
ȴƵкȻ˵ĽΪµһˡӣĳţҪֽһ
Ϣ͵رϵĴ˲ٴĺڰУΨƵԺһƬ⡢ڹɶɫ֣˸˸ӳ䲻ͣħ·
һ׵ѹҲÿһ˵ͷ
ȺħٿȻľֿ̻֣̿뵹أߵݲͣ
ȻأֵؿǰͬħˣüԼ
񡪡񡪡
ħȡ
ħžţۡƵУһ˾֮书ֶ֮Σٴͳһħš
ɽһ֮ѽĽֽӭѪȷأ


һ ƹ


001 Ѫ
ϡ
µգ硣
£ٹգ
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ҹȴȻȵߣոյһС꣬ȴÿеĳȣһɨգҲҹĿ÷¡
ڳй룬Ĳҹɫ˻𻨵Ͻ֣Ĺ𻨣ζˡ
ϧҷĿУȴ
ѪѪҺζ
ͷĹؽţƺǣĲѰ
ôҹɫʵ޷ɱϵһºڷ߲ɱҹɴʱҹʵ̫̫

˵ʬ岼ͥԺ
ѪͥԺеĵݴ͸ոյˮһͬһССĳ
˺ܶ࣬װЩֻЩͨׯͣһЩŸӻģͥԺˡ
һ̨ϣһĸ˵ѪУʱڱϣ֮ʱᴩģġ
˵ĻУһеӤԱ
׵ȻҲûһ˿ʴȵأӤؿλãһѪ󡭡
Ǻӵ࣬ͬĸһһġ
ǣ˵ĺӾȻδ
еĺ峺Ĵ۾ֻǴʱ˫Ư۾У¶ľãȻ
һ˫˶۾˿ɰˡ˫۾¶ľôӵһ˫۾ĺӣû˻᲻ϲ
ҲûţһµӤһ˫˵۾˫۾¶̫ĸ飬һӤӵеġ
Ӥϡ
ӵһ˫˷ḻе۾ȻӤҶ壬
Ҷ۵СֽؿڵĽˣϧԼ̫СˣʺѪҺȻǿоԼţǼô˿־顣
Ҷ壬ϸϸƷζֿ־塣
һӸжãȥеЩʰɣҲоۣ˵Ŀ־塭³Ӥô־壬ôԴδеϧ;أ
ͷֻеĸӷˡ
ѾĵˣֻʮǰҶ廹ϣֻ˵ķ蹷Ŀһˡ
ǸҲð
ʮӹȥˣܵȻ˾ͷҶ壬ȴԭʱ˵ԼѾϣˡ
ˣϲ˿ʼʱ򣬸㿪һССЦ
ҶѾϣ׼̹Ȼһε֮ʱСҶ忴ĵطܴϣһƺ⻺ظ˳ƺ΢Ϊ·޷һƬּϱߵһУʼղ֡ŋ翸󡿡±ߣһϷһͣŵּ
ܵδ֪С
ɣӹѧС
ѧϣܿ
½죬άϵͳС
ţᴩҶ˿ڣʼϣѪҺʧٶ½ˡֻһУҶ֪״£ĬĬŵġ
ǣĬĬŵƣƬ̣΢ĺͻȻͣŋ翸ϵͳز㣬˯״̬
һ֮󣬺ٿȻʧ·ûгֹһһֶָǱòҶǱҪϵ˿ڣֿʼѪҺ
ϣҪʱ٣׼ʱƫֲڶ
һҵĽŲ֮󣬴ű֨ѽһƿˡ
һʲô˵ϡ
ѽѽƺҲˤڵء
Ƭ֮һ˻ҹա
ɱɱ˰˰ɱ
ĺǹܽвǽͷֻ͵ĹҲŵüβͶ
ܹĽŲҶͷһɣʹȥ
ʱʣԼľԶˡ
ǿƣ˯⡪ĺокЩ߽Ժ䣬Ҷƴ߾С֣ҲҲŸոմԽ
ƺģֻһѽѽ޵
ո߽ͥԺĻƲ죬ۣ΢΢Ѱʬ壬Ȼ󣬾һӤУҵһ˵Ӥ


002 ֺ
⣬ʮ¡
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վĲݵϣ಻Զ
һò׺Ĵ󺺣һȫںɫˡ
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ǮǰڶǸոձ˹
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ɵƯնɱ
̣ǰλүȫ̸ġȷÿһߵʱ򣬸һսһ֮еӤһݾס
ݵؽСĺҽҲûݵƫԶٸεһ򲻴ƵȴŵͷѪңӵ˲
˹Լһֵµġ
ֻ˵Ǳ𣬲ȴɱֶΣ˵ҲԹĺ
棬ԼǮƣ֡
ֻֻԼɱˣȴֵǶһһ߼ĲƲʵõﻨǮһִŹ˵ֵǣЩԽ
ɱˣֵ˳ַƣβã
ԹĵӣҲôʹ죬ȻҲôɾˡ
TMD˫ѪƯСǶõͱ˸Դһӻ͸ǮȥҤӵġ
Ǯ̸õģҲѽ롭㲻Ӧй뷨ɳƣ类סӵ𻣬ɳɳε˶ۡ
ӿû뷨ӵֵ뷨Щ㲻öҲˡΪμʲҲϷֺ˶ˣѵʲô»Ұȥòɣ
Ǯܶˣ¶š
ŸƨӸҲһˣǮܻʲôš
˵ٺһЦ˵ţ²ǵֵܼɣֵϼصĵؽͶԶˣǲ֣ñӶܱٸͷϡ¡ŵǰɣҶҿ²ǳô򵥰ɣ
һ٣ش˴°ͣˣЦҶͷʱ򣬿˵ʲôɡʲôħ̵Ļģ˼Բ̫ãģͼǲסˡ
˵в룬һ̰Цؿ˵ķӦ
ܴ
󺺵ЦЦ
㲻Ӧô
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ɫһɡ
Ǯ˵˻˹ȥ
̰Ҳ˵
ɫ࣬ˣѳʣָ˺ȵ㡪վסվס𶯣ٹӿɲˡ
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ԭһСǣ
书ףҲһľ룬ȴؿһض룬ȫûа취Ӧһ̫졢̫̫ޡ
ǱĽԼʱ򣬴󺺲ΪĽ֮£ҲǼҸ顭
˽ǰ˿ͬʱҲƣһ˻˻
˻ڵľ࣬˵
ʱһֻкͿţſԻøã̫ˣø硣
ͬһʱ䣬Ӱ´£Ĳ˻󺺵Ķ䣬óЩҺĶǰԼĵ֣֮ǰﻹһ˵Цһʱ̣ͬԼһֻΪһʬ塣
㣬ĸɱҡ
ɳƵ˵һЩԥɱܻЩ˿̰¶ĳ
Ц֪ǼԼ󣬻Ǽֵĺ
¹ɽҹ͡
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áʬ嶼סҪĸɾţͻȻתˣɭɭ˵һҪɾҪʲô©ҲⲻҪǵĿˡ
ǣǡס˻ֿ̻֣̿Ѹˡ
Զ֮˴ĿڴͳһֻŸ룬һոдõŸĽŻ֮ڣһס
ŸɣѸԶȥ

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½ĺģʸĶǡ
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ںԺ֮Уһߣֶ
죬һƬֺٴУ˵Ĳ˻гɱڴ಻ɵʧ١
ţһתԺвɵѰɵ龰ˮȥȥȴǨ䣬಻ϱɫ
ϸ֮߳ʣͻȻΪ̣һϡ
һ̾Ϣ֮һ˴ԵƴƺԴʱ˴Լˣľ͡
£
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˵һʲôľͷ
Ƭ֮һߴ
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Ϣŭ֮Ǳ˵ѾȫɾʧҲ©֮Ĵˡ
ߣǼ£󣬱֮ΨֲǾȻ壬ⲻ֪Խ࣬Խ࡭Ǳߣӽ󣬴޹أҪ¹ң
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УһСƬյϣһƬ裬֮УһҵСͯ轣ͯСȺһ׽ʹ쾡£࣬
Сͯ轣ΧԴĺһĽؿųк轣ȴǶë֮ƷȻ˶Ǹеˣרڴ̺еͯӡ
ЦŶͯӵĽƷͷһͻȻһӣгϵһλһλ裬׵ĳ׿ɫԽԽȷʵһ졣
Ӹ֮һ֣˵ȫ£ֻڴˡ
һɫ߳ʵʦ֣¡
һ֣Ц޷ֻȸ±˰ˣ޴󰭡
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轣Сͯս飬ų߶ȴڼ˾ߵʱ򣬻һЦ͵һȣһ֮£һ˾һСͯٿȻǰˣǰһҳ˹غ«
СִֵͯЦ
ѪɫȫޣڵƴؿͷġǼ˱ϾǱ˰ι˾أ
мλ֮һߣɭ˵˱ҪԼı֣·߲ãʲôʸҸеˣ˶ãʲôʸˣ
߻ͷ֮ʱ˫Ŀâ磬ǸִͣЦͯ˵ִаɡ
Сͯ˷֮ɫһżλѶɸˣԭɰϣһƬ֮ɫбһָչĲҽһƬʫ续ľɫð𣬾ȸ
СͯϵѪ˵ϲøɾͷһȴѱ˱˻

úãɫ飬ͯׯص˵ǧסϵ飬ֻҪԼ˵ģܶԴǷǣɲȥڡȻˣҪȥڵõõĽ֮ǰκεסˣҪ㲻ҪĵˣҪɱĵˣҼǵãһҪնݳ󻼣סô
ͯƶǶص˵ͷôǶǴҲʶԴֻ֪ɱ˵ʱ򣬺˼


003 С
ϵİװ
ϵҰ
ģܰ׺ܰף
ģܲҺܲң
ǳף
ǳң
ǳǳʮְף
ǳǳʮֲң
ף
ң
ף
ң
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ʮһ͵һ׷ϻʫɽе
ʱڣǳģݵؽϣǿȲˡѵô˴ɽߣ峿֮ʱЩѵõܵˬ
̣䵭¶µһƬǧŰءϵɭΪ꿳ȡ֦ĸ˼˿ɫ̻ζ˼ԭʼֵ
ʯͻأ̦ʪ滨ࡣ
۵ͯһƬɾд
ѭѰתһᲱϻϣбһۡ˾ӵСͯ
ֻСͯ续еĻͯһ㣬üĿ㣬ò棬һѰӲͬ˿΢΢纳٣⣬ްɰ̲סȥһһ˫۾Ư쳣ʮ鶯һ֪һ˼ݵĺӡ
СͯĵЩȴһȾǳԵøӵƮ磬Ͳɵòֵػϲ
ֻǴʱɰͯӴʱƫȴһӣбϣһȾôڿУҡȥһһֻŸ㣬һڲˮһڸ㣬Ե㣬һڵر۾ͬʱ߶ûꡣ
ͯӵšɽƹеĶӣ׼ҶҲƹ۶ʮյĴ˼ҡκβ֪·ңȫ°ʮڣһҹ֮䱻ɱ⣬ֻ겻ĺӡ
ۼЩȣСʿسؽ¶šλãһԵ˰
˵ǰĸ˳˰̣һ
Ǳһϸ˺ۣʱƺͺͯĳɳԭϸϸһ̺ۣñ˼֡
ֲûΪԼǸӤ飬һģֻƺԼ书ΪԸһȳûж࿴ȴ֪⵱ĺͯ볣죬ƫһЩؿѨ
һҶķҶȴû˼ΪСͯһ
治֪Ǹøл֣Ǹú֡ؿڵ˺ۣɵ¶һ˿Ц
Сͯڵ겢Ǳ꣬һͨѧԺĴѧҶ塣һͻĳ֮Լˣϧ̾һԼı仯ΪһٴεȴĹ١
23Ҷ壬ԼС֣ƴסǰ˿ڣĿ־ؿԼʧ
һСʱĿ֧ţҶʶٴģѾҪϣʱ̣֮ٴξҶ塣
һѶ򲶿죬ʬҵδӣڽ˼򵥵ľ֮ҶԨԴƹ۹šɡƺŵ˸ϵֳ
иȣȻ֮ͬһʩΪ֮Ҷ㱣סѳɹ¶СҶӱ˴عиΪӵܡ
˵ƹᣬС˵ƹȴǴܱһΪŵӣҲһĽ顣
һʱ֮ǰۻڰ̾ҶϹ¶ıˣƬֿ֮ʼ̾˲ҵĺͯ˺
ֻڱСİȫǣҶк˴ϢǶҶ°ʮһڣȫѡ
ԣʱգ֪Сʿڵģȫ5ˡ˺ڽ˷жѳְˡ
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Ӵˣһ޸ĸҶ壬ȴһΪСͯ
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ҪôޣҪôǱ۸šôô߰
ҪûǸ˵һԼûпܴԽأ
Ӵ˵쵰ɱСӶŹԼ˵һƺԼ
벻ͨ벻ͨ
벻ͨô죿Է˯չԼСӡ
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һڲˮһСҡͷԵһ̾Ϣ
˵ˣϿԼǰλNľ书
书
书
书
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Ϊ½磬Ѿˣţǰ֮£ʤö١
ЩڴɽҰޣЩ컯ѧС̾Ƿ
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߱ڲ룬Ҳš
˵в֮ͬ⣬йĹŴȴҲó棬ʱգҲû̽߾
Ѿ̽ؽϣ˳ԼסĵطΪ½
½оݣֱΪݡݡݡݡݡݡݡݡݣȻͬڹŴĵľ֮Ҳ˾֮
֮򱻻˳Ϊ֮أСԭ˾ݹ㹻֮⣬б֮޺У֮ëѪӻģҲǺܴԭ
֮⣬ԭеңɳĮ֣ģɽԽϴ֣
֮嵱ȻֹЩֻǻ˶ͳֶѡ


004 
ѧΪߣĻܺõ׶ʽĳɳ
ڴ˷ϣѧȷǵ벻䡱֣Ҳ롰䡱йأܡ䡱ҡ
ѧѧҵܽᣬȷˡŴ׶Ρѧ磬ϵΪˡž
⡰žӵߣֱǣ
徳ǿԪ㾳Ϊڹ̱Ԫĳ׶ΣҲͳΪ磻
컯Ԫ㾳Ϊ̵ʵΪΪƺ쾳磻
쾳龳񻯾㾳ĸ֣Ȼͻ죬ܹͨԪΣ֮컯ƽɽѷѰƥ
˵Уڡž֮ϣſԡա龳ڣֻǧ˼˾磬ԣһжڴ˵֮жѡ
ϰһͻѧ磬ΪΪϴ裬Ԫһ쾳ĸΪûʲôǰˣôɳꡣ
žÿһ㾳ĸߵͶʮزΣ;ġ徳Ϊǰؾ粻ϰһЩǿĲٷﵽѪĲȣ֮Ĳβ׳ѪǿͽǡƤĤֱԼȫڵһ߶֮ϣԼ̶öľȥǴ󹦸ɡ
ɸ¥ƽ𣬡žÿһޱҪΪġպɼжߣ㿴˲㾳Ĺжײ㾳һ͵ĹûУˮĥĹպиȵΣա
ÿйжһΣû뵽һԼ档
ҶǰһɢɢԶΪլС
֮ǰһԹ²ֻۣм֮ʱǲʽѡ

ݣ֮ϣļ紺
֮ϣǾɽɽ
ɽΧ㣬ųʮɽɽ֣ȴҲΣأһܽ롣
ڷ壬߲ƣԹűСãɽֱ족˵嶥ѩγһݹʮѩɽݾԷԴڴˡ
߷ߴʮǧߣɽӰʼƣɽѵһ
Խɽϣģ֮ء˵޽ԭʼɭ֣ľգɭֶʱ̴ںڰ֮УɭֲѪɱɭʱ޿̲ݣ˼Ұ˲ͳΪʱ̳Ӻ֮صķͰʱ֮٣ƺƵʮɽǵֵĵһߡ
һߣǾϵĸɡ
ݣߵǰͷ
ǸСС򡣼ȲǽͨҪҲûʲôزֻǸƽƽĵط
ϣʮ⣬¡
³ųһ棬ƽԶ֮󣬵ƻߣڻٶ֮ȴȻһͱڡ
ͱ֮⣬ǻɽҰ룬ɰܲԭʼˡ
ɽɲԴ䣬Űز죬棬ʯСͨ
ƽƽС˵ʮ£Ҳһ
שߵƹۣǸҳͽǵľɢ֮
İһֱͨӣ֮࣬ΨһֽĿÿʮһˡ
ᣬҲǼС
ÿʮһδ󼯣ϣʮ˴ǣʮϣ㣬ԸĻԸϼĸϼ
ƹۡ
һ㻹Ը׵ۣͬʱҲһĽɣСͨòͨˣûʵڹٸעΪʽɡ
½ɶҪڹٸעᱸġ
ɣΪŸȼעһ͵ȵľɣҪһϵŵӣԲϵİأ˷ˡ֮ƾٸҪϼڵطСõʿľټҪйٸƷ桭˵ȵȣҪټмɵı٣ʸڹٸעΪһɣҲ˿ͽʸ
Թӣһֱ˶ѡܱԻʵΪ·ߣû׵ؿɽɣ֪ѡݷ
ȻЩƹ۱չ¶ĶʵϣѾ˰Сʿȴظо鲢ô򵥣ԼıʦԼªСɣǱ濴ôζ
صĶܶ࣬Ǻ˽顣ѧ˵ɣʹԼɳڵ۵ͯҲû׵õ洫ʦƺɵĸѧڲصĹʵˡôˣƽʱԼоԵع־¼Ҳż򵥵˽⡣
ѧӵ͵ߣΪҡס̡ࡢơȡ졢ϡ𡱣ʮ㹦ÿ׹ϸΪϡСƷ⹦ķּҲΪʮɫʮƷ
ƹֲɣڡʮɫʮƷѧУǸڶȼİ׼ѧ̼ѧǺﵽˡݵĵؽˡ
ɼȻִ·һѧûڰ
ԼʦͼʦֵؾϣԼʦǴһ˿ƵдųΪָһߵСʿʱ̼Լʦţǿȥô򵥡


008 ȱϵ
ƹ۵ĶӣСͯڵʦֵܹˣĵλŮ⣬һɫͬϾ
顢塢ƣ硢桢־桭
Ҳ֪ڵĴУıֻ֡곤һĵʿǹˡ塱ֱӴʦֿʼֱΪҡɡʯ
߸ʦֵУŻ϶ѭʲô÷գҰʯ֮ȡģֻҶʹʦ½ĵŸʦֵвͬ
Ҷʱ²⣬ʦһʱȡŵʱûо飬ʦȡ˸ĵţ֮뵽ͽֻܲһŪ˸ˮīɽˮϵгԼԼûˣǿŪ˸ִջġ
߸ʦֵܣæģࡣ
ֽгˣֻдʦ½ʦֳɡʦСʦҶڹڣλʦʦڽˡ
ٹãһε¶СͯʦŴȵˣ˵λʦҲˡ
ÿһΣƹ۶һεͯڵ׾ʦŴȣһµǵѧΪûעʽɵʱյӣҲڽ֮ûעɲܹͽڽԺȴ¼ΪСģͽȻһЩҲһЩĿļ£Űΰ¢ĳһҵɣԹ͹ķʽʽ˵ĹģֻЩɵķʽڡйٸϽܰˡ
˵Ǵȣʵƹ۵ʵҲСèʮֻ¼Ҳǹ¶
УѾʮ꣬СĲ꣬ƹۻĹ¶ԺԲͽܶǹ¶1ҵʱ˵ӣԵ֮ǾԵĲβ롣
Եģǹʮ꣬һ֣δУҲʮˣЩèҲյóˡ
ʱƾʦ˵ӣͷǰҲܳųų棬ôСèֻģҲѧϰЩɽȡʿЦ
꣬ʦŴȻ϶޹ء
ΪСԵʣԼҲǰأΪƹΪĶ֮һɡ˵ĵմӣᱻҪ³ԣҲָǰʦֶǸҸԼֽ̡ΪԵҶ壬ֻݴʱ˿̵顪ơ͡Ρ
صǣȻŵʱ硢ϰʱ䳤־硢ָߣϧʦһֱûдκοһɹֻǴһ׵ķеĴ·Ԫ
˵ŹǴ·һ㶼ţҲֻ֪ҪϣǮ򱾡¼濯ѧбдķ
¼ǰбֽ־Ľ壬ɹٸۡ緢Уϵλз
м¼ȫصзĴС飬Ǵ˷һİԡšȤ¡ŵȵȵͳһ塣
·ݺͿŵĲͬȻʲôķʯȭϰֲ᡿Ҷʹ÷֮ĳѧ鼮
硱ѧߵ֮֡ª֮𣬱ΪʮɫʮƷ
СʿѧһʲôѧҲҪ̼ѧԪô̯ҼƷĳ͵ѧͶأôҲɣȻֻгǩġ˲ŻѧĹ
⡰ʮɫʮƷУҼѧǵȼ͵ѧƲеĲǴϰ̯ģյģɱģ˵һӳõѧǡ־ټաһΪռ֪ʶ͵ĹǵͶеĵͶˣеĳ㲻ʲôѧ
𵱳Լıʦʱ߶߶ģһᡣ˵ʲôŹǵҵĸΪƽ͡ⰻȻڹķ
ޣ
ôһڵ϶û˼Ĵ·ʱȻͻòµԼͷԹӶֵƨƨߵģ໵ðǶˡ
ҪǸȱµıʦٺŪһأүҾ̣ȥһѺӣһѪӣΪϲСүСʿһ߰¾ģһ߰һݺݵؽҧһ·ҧòǸ㣬ʦıӡ
ԳۣԺϵ˴һǷһһɣɾش
ؽϵĸҺƨϵĻҳһЩӲ֫ϵСһĸղ̬ٴλָԼͯòʡ
ͷ˫纣硣
ⳤͣɽͯ
СһЦԼʮ⡣Žŷּ˫΢˫̧ڼߣѹֱʩʩȻش̫ȭ
ǰҶ壬ǸԣϴѧãͲμѧУ֯࣬һųƳʽ̫ȭڴ˵ͷѧ˺Щġ̫ȭһеġ̫ȭഫ汲ϵ䵱ɽˣΪʼĵȭ֣ڼרע


009 ȭ̫
Ҷƽտľģ˭֪ʵи̣žըﲻϣֱɸԱ˵
ҲΪҶԼԸ񣬲ŻŸλˣѧϰס̫ȭϼưħඡ
ЧﵽûﵽӴԺҶȷƢúࡣֻҶԼСƢδʧֻصĸøһЩѡ
˭ǴҶı㣬СƢһǲݡ
⡾̫ȭСϰһ꣬裬Ȼζ
ֻ֫࣬桢Բȡ򡢸ãˮɽ໺ȴ಻ϡ
Сʱһ̫ȭϳһϸϸıֻ̩ͨˬһʱ˵̹ˬ
̹
Сʿһ
ϧٺõ̫ȭԼҲøĴ򷨣ԼҲ꣬ҲûһǰֻȨǿķźͶǰһˡ
ڵشһȭ֮׼뿪ͻȻĿһ۽Ǵ̴ɨһƬ½ǡ
ôҿˡ
½Ƕ˶ವһ£˻ȥ
ǲɵ¶һ˿Ц⡣
Сӡ
ٲ´ʦ岻㽲ˡ
䣬žһ£ɳһӣͨһǰˤ˸ࡣ
⵹һǸʲô
СηηϸһüһȴǸױСϸüĿ㶼еһȣҲģͷСӣһۺɫСȹӣ˵һСֻǴ˿Ŀ࣬С죬һҪ޳ģ
ССʦ塭
ΨΨŵŵشһкСһ˵ȴǸк˵֮󣬡С۾죬ȦתתģҪƫƫҧ촽ţǾǿز޳
һۡСƨЬӡ֪滹һλԼͷʹСˡ
ǽ̾ĵˣˣǰߵСεʵʦֶôʦְŮ
䣬ǿаŮװҲͲסеί̡ۡһ˳
ѽҵڰ̺ڲѣæǰƴضŪСӣþǿ޸ͣ
ߺߣûãǿޱӡ
һС洫
棬ѾͷŭȵҪ۸磬ܿô
ߣ
һߣһ龫ֵСѾͷһβ裬һĶ̴磬ﻹһϰõľʶ̽
СѾͷһָʹ˵ûˣͿޱӣߣߣߡСѾͷϽ͵ڿԼĸ磬һָһ
ûСó֮󣬷ֹͣ˿ߵضԼСãĿɱ˵ĻʱСѾͷһᱻǧСֻΪ֮ǰ޵̫ʱһһģƽ׼˼ơ
һԷױεСŮﶷɵúЦĽ
һԷױСŮƹ۵ıͬʱҲǹͷ۵СħǵĸĸǱˣĴʦ½ʦٳıŮ
ƹǵеһ̣˽ӡǴʦֺʦĸαһ̥һкҲСŮ档
ȻǶ̥ƫƫСԯޣ˵ȫ෴Ը
СΪõ棬ȴģƤڹǳģкӶ
ͬԸ˲ȴҲһ㲻Ե֣ȫŴġ
ʦΪʵġס»϶ʦʦΪҲˬ죬ЩȫȫǼ̳ĸ׵Ը񣬶ֱǴʦֵķ档
Լλʦ㣬һӶһģȴʮֵҪŮϣܹԼûܹŮĸʵԿƣһͲ֪ķȥˡʦҲû˵̰ĿתľÿСԼίʵɰȴʦֶÿίίĲ̧ͷˣƫƫʦִ˲ƣŪСԸΪУͿޱӡ
ǰԼǶŮûֵܽãԼͻ공뿪ǰʱԼҲû飬ŮѶûС
ȴЩСѣᵽΪֳȤڹ˲ٹ¶ֶǲ䣬СȻҪö࣬ҲڷЩӶԼĵܵãƽﱶӰ໥֮ĹϵҲΪܡ
չ˹չˣذذ
Ͼǳ˵ǣոСǻһʱ䳤ЩڣΪ˰СԼ͵͵Ǽ档


010 ˫ɷ
òװ˾˺ɽУû뵽ǱСһ﷢ˡ
š˫ɷ֮ƵСӣֶαܣá
УС΢һ㣬¾ʵʵشһᡣΨǸ棬ͷۣһ¸ս꣬̾㽲һ͸״ԼǸ⺷ʦˣԼ٣ټЩ죬ǿŪùȥ
治Ҫ֣ޣʦǽһѩ߸СˡĹºòã
ΰΣεֻý㶨˵Сһˡ
ƹۺɽԶɽ͵֣ɡŻ࣬Ϸɽ봺Ϣһ˼ɾ
ů͵⣬֦ҶѳߣּĲݵϣ¶²ƺϵŵͯӡ
ӴˣѩԼİӹſֵ
ŵˡ
ѩ߸СˡĹ½ˡ
ۣѩҸ̾棬۶ôƤСѾͷվǸŮӣΨ͵ͯ£ԵСǡ
Сϲϲѩأ
ϲϲС˵š
СҪԹԺȡѩһϲСӡ
ţһͳݵ֤
ѽ̹һһѩЩء
½ˣСһζŸոսͯ£ǱϵŸС죬ˡ
Сʦ壬²
ʲôôõĹ˵û˵ʲôϵСüëһŭȣŵСæ˲ӡ
ֻСʦٽСŵŵ˵
԰СѾͷٽ۾Ź⣬ʱŹ˸ĸ硣
԰԰ʦ壬ʦ壬ٸ°ɡ
ѾڸСͯͷʹëַˡ
Сʦ壬Сʦ塭
һȴЩҰĴɤŴ𣬴ּС
̫ˣˡ
Сħûð亹ãᡱһվһڴˡ˵ڣѽܰСħͷˡ
ңŭһСվ°Ͷسǰһ˵ı飬ľѾͷ̫ʦˡ
Ƭ̹򣬴һСʿһޣ׳Ŀڣҹسĺӡ
Ŷ°ʲô飿
ƹΪุĸȫҾ׵ĵӣ׼־£һò֣òСϻϵĻͣүǾҪд־дҪ־¡
־µСʿ꣬ѾﵽʮߣΰСȴسӣλ¡СʿΪƹеࡣ
ŶСʦ壬²
һ棬¾һ˥شţϵĺӲΡΡġ
ÿοºϳĴӣ̲סЦ
£Ҳ֪ĸ׻̥ʱԻʲôһĺӣëͨˣҪïʢࡣƫƫΪԼӵĲѣǹκӣɵڶܳԽԽԽԽܣԽԽӲֱһ죬·ٹκӵʱ°ϵĺѾïܵҪסȫͽӲ롣
ͲȴǸ˾һԼ˽ƨĵֱתһ׿ɫµı£ı仯׼ƳҪ츳ʵǺЦҪ
ʲô£ŻŵġһϺȣǱˣȴСѾͷ
ŭԼµ˱ûһǰ㣬Ȼжơ
ףط˵СʦôͻȻŮʱ̧һȴһԭСħŮ档
ʱһؿԼģ·ԼʲôĴ£ŭһСһҪԵԼģתȦһȴȻֹһˣڵĵطȻˡ
ҽС̵Ĳ磬¸æ˵Сʦ壬ʦʦˣͦģ˼Ҳǻ˰ɡ
žһǱ
ƨүҸΪΪ֮£ʲô
˵⻰æһߣ㿪˺µ棬ͷ۾룬ǱߵСħͷˣŵʵʦ˼ô˵
ʦ˼ҵû˵ʲô°ɫжˣСʦҪùǲϴƿ·ˣ
Ӧòǣǻƿ̧ȥˣûζͦصء
ǲСʦ裬ҩ«ĵҩ͵ת·ˣ
ƨҩ«Ҳû䣬ҲԹ
᲻Ūʦ˼ұ±ˣ
ʲʲô
һץסµĲӣԴӶµ°ϣԼһԴĴʱŵõת
յģҲ˵ʦʱ˵èô
ɣɡ۹ûè
Ұè
ǣǣҰèҰèԼǰŭСĺˮֱðһĭӶҲֻ°ͣŬŬ죬ʾСԼ
ˣˡ
ſµĲӣͷɨһۣȻµСһһƸͣǸСħŮ費ĵؼߵ˸ǰ
ʲôһϺСѾͷһ
ûûʲôˡ
ûУԶȥ
˵СѾͷԹԵ˻ȥݺݵصһ͵Ц


011 ־
ͷۣٴλعͷ£СֲͣعüǣԼͷʹ
ͷʾ¼˵ȥ
СʦǣʦҲûʣҿǲϷءվտֻҪݲ裬ûܿǺ
Ŷеˡ
СʦճӲǿԭһģһһǴӵݣһƨ
ߣǻ˵
Ȼ⼸鶼û¶ڣҲûʲôµˡܻ᲻Լ鱻ʦˣԼҲû˵ѵͷ㣿
ŪŪԴҡҡͷ˦˿ʵʵ뷨
ˮͣզզأү͹ȥ
Сʦүǣƨ˵
ǣүǸ
СһϣӣŷСүһߡ
Сʦ壬ߡںߵü˳Ŀͷŵ¡
ϡ
һһֺǣȴһ۵Ľȣվס
תһȴԭСѾͷʱŭĿԲ˫ֲһʦӣε˵λүҵĹأ
ϣȺλˡһСһɫƽձ飬Сĺʱ
ѣĪƶ
һᣬתͷ˵£
ڡ
λʦܡʦãˣ
á
˵꣬һԾģ£תݡһ㲻Ӱ
ԳֱûüĵĻǰһСʦʧȥӰ
Сʦֽ˰
òΡΡ֣ʶָʧλãӶԼ˵ʵʧȥ
ٺ٣ٺ١
һЦٿȻľعͷһֻ涼һˡĿֲ顣
°৵һ£ʱˡ
Ĭһʦֶһ·ߺ֮ĻСʿҴææǰɽıԺ
ڸղűԼ˵ġ¡Сʿʦҵͽܣ׼־£Ĵ˼ҡ־µżġˡ
λˡ˳ΪկʱȴѾǶʮǰˡ
ʮǰλկݵĵؽϣǸ޼ɵ˴ٲӻÿôҲиٰʮ
ȱ¸ɵ̫࣬ɽկ˼ӶġկΪ˳಻ѡ
ֱһ죬λկ߶߶Ķʦң㻣կϴ֡У⡣
ʱգӵкüӺŵݱ䵱ԴڿࡣϡһơկԶƺʩġˡ
칫կˡˡ֮󣬾ȻŶʦֵĻһɻR⣬Ҳö࣬־±˵ĵӣ͵и桰ˡɻԸˡ
ʦֵҲԸŹôһƺʩĴȻС־µͽܡ
ΪСò죬ӣò£ڵͻԳһ¡֡
˵Сӱ͵ﵱʿΪϵɣʦ͸ͯԸСʿĲ²⣬˵ΪСӳ⸱Ѳۣ˾˲ݣǼﲻܴ
СʿӣȴǸǻûİãһܡӣ˵Ҳиʮɽÿһ£˸顣
ɽһսӵĴӡƳ磬Ը񺩺Ƴ˿䣬ӴСӱӵŲһ
ͬʦֵܶҰСŪˣԶԶر˿û˶ֵ£˿ûз¶ݵĶϰ̰Ŀ׼ΪͬȴԱԼһСʿ
ʱ꣬Сʿ꣬Ȼһ꣬ϣϵƣڳ˵Ȼʲô̫Ĳ࣬С˵Եѹơ
Ľ˴һ
Сʿʤ
Ͼǳ˵˼άпǷǼƲ˫ȭ֮´˸ס
»ꡣ
֮µĿڵˣȺνһī֭ԷԳӣ˯򿻣ϲӡ֮λ־µСʿڷˣ׵׵طˡ
ǰͷϴ
ʰ£Ӵ֮󷴵ޱλٳгеСʦľСࡣ
ҲֵôӴһԺȥӣӴ˵Ҳ˼Сʦļơ˵ҶСӣǺԣļǺޡ
˵澪츳Ͷءһôһۣܲ³˾Ųʮ˵ıģ츳
һ仰ҪûмӵľôһɫŪʱɣǲҲǴԽģǰ֮಻Ҫ¡
ƹ˵סλסլĺλá
СʿƹۺɽĽţתҹգֱ֮Ӵңһ̴ľĴתȣֻ˼ǰʦֶǣһССͥԺ


012 
һԺУһһһʱ˽ŵ
ͥԺһ˸ߵͭˮ¯¯̴ȽȽơԺӵֲ࣬ľ֦ᣬİ׻ɢƢĲľ뻨㱾ֽȻͬƽЭֻСԺζˣҵ̴ͬʵĻںһµţףеСԺ˷ֳĸо
Ϸ޵ҲΪ£ߵĴɽϹŸɫĻüȸ
Ͽһ飺
Ȼ仯
汾Ϊ֮
Ϸһңֿϣ
˼ի
ּǷ
ʱͷϵ֣֮ǰԼΪĶʦЩз
һԼĭһ
ʦǰ֮ǰɵ̬Ѳûġ
ƹۣΪµıλʦˣ֪ΪʲôԼûʲô£ÿμʦһûĽš
Լ˽ûʦʵ֪ԼֻǴľ£ÿμʱԼҴҲֵָɡ
Сͯ˼룬ԥʱʦĴš֨ѽһƿˡ߳һλ΢ֵĵˣ룬ԲԲǴźƵЦ⣬˵ָ֣Ǹˡʦɣ˺Ƶ˾ְƹ۵֪ͣճһж
ϣʦܵ˰
ʦ֡˫ֱȭʩһ
ûɻ񣬾ͷƤСʦɫһ࣬°ѸٳԼһüŪۡ
̲סһЦϵССʦܿʲô¡
䣬һʵڴ
Ȼˣ
ǣʦ𡣡
ɫˡ
ɵ΢΢ͷüĿͣʾһƽ
̶ϲ嶯ȥϺúϼڡʦһת߽˷šʦֵı֤Ҷд󶨣ŲĶɵ˼֡
ĿСʦܽݣ̲סЦ⣬½ƮȻȥ
֮󣬺ֹš
ʦϲûеͯһԡ
ڲּ򵥣мǿ鷿ұҡڲøţŷŵǽϹšӳͼ·һ̴ľĹֹ̨߰ڷ룬¯̴㣬ơ
ľֱڵǰ
ĵؿۡӳͼϵĹŵĴ«Ƴһ鷿ڼϰڷŵĲƺƺûжļ
ɵ÷˼ֵģһͷҲҡ
ҼףһţǸǽϻһ̫ͼһǸܣ鼮Ӿ֮⣬һҲ֮ϡ
ʱԼʦƹ۵Ĺϥ֮ϡֻϵһɵۣ磬׷ףüĿ飬ׯϣһȾûһ˿ƵĳüֵСɡĳƺˡ
¡
ǣʦ𡣡
õۣϵľϡ
ֻСȶ̣ȥġ
ԼͽܣͻСȴһС˵ģ˲ɵЦ
ȷʵԼΪصĵӣͲ󣬳˸Ǽ֮⣬ҲйأȻƤһЩ֮ʵڲЩνŴеӵܡ
ΪҪıͽܴڶɢĽð֮£¼зִ硣мòƺȴÿÿ޻˵ִʮֵλڴĺͯ˵ʵǲɶõ츳˿ټԺԼúọ̃Ժʲô֮£õպʦʲôˡ
뵽˴˱ƺ룬ͷ΢Ц
Ϊ˼죬½ڤ˼룬֪ԼʦΡ
ʦΣϵһɵһ̾Ȼˡ
ֻǴ˷ΪУȴпһ
´⣬ͷϺͿʱЦʱ޵ģòħ֢˰ɣ
ãû֮ǰ˵Ŀ֮״ûиԼʲôԼӦóԲʲô䡣
ḧ룬ʵڴ˹жʱˣ
ͽڴˣа꣬Ҳǰˡ
˰˳һ˵δ㱾۸ķҲ㽣ѧпԹԣ
ͽҡ
ǲԹǲԣ˫Ŀһض
ͽȻĴɻ󣬵뵽ʦΪԭͽ̰棬һֱûίʵ̡
ɫһᣬ¶΢Ц
ز֪һߵҲһѺ
˻˵ΪʦȻС˼ǣ֮ʵзִ硣˵ŵӵݣô㱾ŸκΡ˴ϵһ٣סڲԣɫɣƺΪ˵ԥ
Ҵʦֻþصȴ
ʱ䲻˷·¶һΪҪľģĿһʱüΪ㣬ⷬûпΡ
ԵΪʦһֱδ¶ʦ֮أʵһֱиĽᣬδ¡ɻǵѪ𣿡
ϷȻˡ


013 ʦ
شʦ
ȴֹֹǴʦָԼ˵ԼȴԾôһµģȻ˵òڽסԼǵǸͱԼһһΣʵǡ
˴̾Ϣǰ𲻵òοѪ𡣵֪ѪΪʦʵĪĹһ˵꣬ϵͬһ㣬һ
Ŵ˻Ĵһʶ׷ʵôʦйأ
ͽҿ
˵껰˽ǰᷭ¶š
ȫʦôֻǿԼȥһ˵ز
ǡ
˭֪Ľȴһ
ԭʦؿλãԼһһϸϸ˰̣һ࣬⻬ͬ˿ߣԼǰ˰̣λȫһ¡
ͽΪʦϸϸϵ롣
ͽ˵ᡯɣ
ŰݵġϽһǰġ¼ش𵽣ֻǲ֪ΪʲôʦἰɵĪԼŴйأ
˸ЦԵϽȺȵռСᲢۡ
Ŷ˵ͷĬĬԼ˼Ժһ⣬Լ֮ǰڡ¼пһƪ£ἰδ⿪ʮ永֮Уƺἰʦ˵ġɡ
Īǰǰһҹ串Ǹɣ
һ㶣û뵽Լͽ˵ɡ
ǴɡϵڴˣٴȻˣʵΪʦǵʱʧɵĵմӡ
ɵӣʦŴ
ȻѪһ뵽ֻС˵Ϸ龰˿̱ԼǰҶһ˲ƺһעšǶ˶⻷ԼԴϣһʱ˷ܵԸӡ
ʲôѪ𡢴֮ġĸЩɣСүˣ
ϵ³ףĿ΢ɢһγ£ʼ渵
һٶʮǰΪʦŶʮͷ
ʦٰ
Ϊʦһʮꡭͣͽûˡ
Ŷͽ֪
ϵŭͽһ˵
ɣٶ꣬ȹ̣Ϊصķ͸Ľڵŵͨ˵Ĵ£˵ӵĲ㼶ΪŵӡŵӡӢӡ״ӺͺĵŵĵӾͶˣʦ岮ǽ֮ģ֣ʵݺ֡
ʵվȻλжʵ˳ʮɡʵͽ֪һɣֻΪʮ֮ǧΪʮһġݡʢ֮ǰ˴ھԶ嶼һҹ֮䣬ʵ͵صأظΧʦӵܣ˴ɸһлΪҽ
ɽűѪϴԼڶ״ӣͬ˵ͨڣһٶʮڸ֣һΪѪȵǣҵĵ˼ˣҲ⵽׷ɱʮһϦ֮仯ΪԩꡣɽΪ֮࣬Ϊ֮죬Ϊǧһ״Ϊʦʵ
ΪʦʦΣһʦűΧϢҹ̣ٸʦţκɽ⵽ʮΧ
Ϊʦʦ֮ˣ˼ϸȫ֪ҵʵϸ˱ɱֻ֮֡ϧҲ¶һأʦڴ˷֮ʱͻԭеľ磬ΪǣͻϮ֮ʱ˴
ʦѣΪ˾ΪʦٴΧͬ׸֣Ϊʦʱһؿ˵һһ磬޿ɱܣֱֻԼ
ȴʹ࣬ǳ޷ġ
֪ΪʦнȴҲǰ̽飬ֻǴҴææһɶ
Ϊʦ룬Щ˵ԭƻУӦսپ뱻ʦ˹ã뿪֮ЩæûϸѲΪʦϡ
ãǲ룬˷Ϊʦʦ淢һϡ֮ͲΪʦ֮Уıһꡮݡ
˻ɵõһ
ǻݣԼҲмݽܣĵرԸ컻ˣֻҪһϢд棬ܾȻһͬʱҩݶ֮мΪԪֻһ꣬ԻһӵΪ
ǻݡֻǰȻΪʦֻǿϧʱʦѾ췦ˡ
ΪʦԴ͵͵Ǳˡڼ䣬ʦѲ⸲𣬸ǲðȻ£˰
˺ʮ䣬Ϊʦգһգһ氵õѪԭʼĩϣΪʦԽԽľʵ֮ǿ󣬾һһϦܶԿһ֮ܿ⡣Ϊʦδݱ¶òֹͣãתعݣ½̵ͽܣպΪʦվʦ׳ѪĻľֽһ
Ϊʦ仧ǣڴˣֲҪǱһˡΪʦʦӣһӡӱҶҵļҲ游ҲΪʲôΪʦĵȡһֵˡ
ʱһ벻ԼʦԨԴԼĵţҲ˶ʦ桪ҲԼ̫游ӵһ˿֮顣
Ҷп࣬ȴҲҷʣԵΪʦһֱбҶң⵽ЩѪɱֵɱ¾ʮల£ΪʦΪǼѾȥ˲پи˱˭뾹Ҷһ֣֮ʵΪʦ֮
˴ϵ˫־㶶Ŀ̾Ϣ


014 Ѫ
ѪŵδʦģŪ޴룬֪ΰοʦźá
ʦѭעʦʦĪҪԴ˻ͽԸ书Ϊ塢Ϊʦűѩޡ
һʱϻο΢΢ͷοͽҲĪҪģΪʦڣȻң⡭ϧΪʦ˵ʦ𰡡
˶֮ǰĻ⣺ܹʦͽҪлʦʦҶҰʮǰͻҷˣͽ
ص˵ͷõͽܵ½⣬ϵü䲻ɵ÷ࡣ
ػʦĺȫĲʮһֱˣħܴľӰ죬Ҫͻڼ书ֹǰԴ
˷·εõйͷΪ֮һɣİͽʦһοһʱ֮䲻ɵϻοѹͷʱΪ֮һա
˲Ÿˣָ֮˷ɡǰС۵һСӣԽŵϵвɵһɹɵĹİ֮顣һĵӵʦһֲΡ
ͽһȴΪʦ֡ؿڵˣΪʦ֮һޣֻǴ֮˾򶼲ңΪʦ²⣬ܺһҵּпܱǰǰһǸ˵ֶͽ֮
Ϊ˲࣬ΪʦΪɳʦ֣ʦֺʦʵǰ̽¡дȱԼɽ֮գٽλʦֵĹҲԶˡ
ޡԳ̾
ԭλʦδ飬ԭΪ̽ҼҳˡλʦΪ˱ָпʦΪѻ书ôΪ¡
һˣСе˼ΣϾԼȵռǶԭͯӵ壬һˡǰѪһֱδ˿˿̣ȻΪʦʦֵԼʦĹػԳͬ
뼰Լļҳɵðһ˿ʡ
ʦͽ²
ţ
ȻЩܹҵҼңǲѾʦĴڣΪʲôЩ˲նݳأ
ѵܹע⵽Щϵ˳˼˵ʵЩ飬ΪʦҲʣΪʦ룬ҵҶҵͽʵ֪ΪʦĴڣֻǲ²ҶЩǣ̶ɱڡͬʱǴǰѰˣֻһɽŻºαװڧɱһɾΪʦ϶Ļʹ֮˹Ӷɱ֣֮һɱڡΪƵóѣΪ֪ȴ룬ͽ커ӣܹѲ꣬ΪʦΪͽȴΪƫǶպʦͽ˶ܽУΪʦšű𡣡
ϵԴǼңл֮չ¶š
ߵʦ˫Ŀᡣǰ˵Į飬ʦλʦƽĹػ֮飬˿˼ͬʱ¾ģպ󶨵ʦ֮ʦֵĹػ֮顣ͬʱԼʦŵĳʹȻǰἰԼĳУûʵڡ
Ϊʦ룬ȻӵýѣҲһͬգΪʦڰĴѰʧӡϧ޴繦Ϊʦģǰǳƽ٣ѾΪʦΪΨһˡϵ˴겻ѣǿ񣬽˵Ѫǰҽˣ֪ã˼棬ͽ˱Ҫ˵˵ϵΣ˷Ҫǵһ
һ𣬲ɵϸ
ΪʦеѪֳ˿ʵСΪʦһʱ鼱֮£ǰµİꡮݡ¡
һʱ֮侪֣û뵽Լ֮д˷˵ˡݡԼѧЩ书ӦͻͽΪԼϰ˻أ
ͽǳԾֱʣ̾һСͽܵĴϻۡ
ͽĪҪ룬ǰꡮݡҩڡΪʦ鼱֮٣ЩǰΪʦݡԼǱ뵱ȻΪԾͬ˵㣬ֻΪʦ뵽ǰꡮݡϻ꣬ҩЧȻȰǰ㣬ᣬҩ˲ɢؾԪЩľѪ
ΪʦʱѣΪйͼɢڿǵľԪ֮˱ˣ˷ʩΪɹҲԾˣ߶ϰ
ϵ˴һͣĿ⼤ƺΪθе¡
ⲻ֪˿̵иǾ¡
ԼǶôң书ɣϾһֱԼ䲻ͣȴʼսչǷʱµĲأѵԼⱲϰˣ뵽˴ɵðһ亹ϰµشĲͣ
Сļǣ۾ôģݺݵضʦšǡ֮۵ĳ֡ƫƫϵ˿̷
룬ĽǵϸƷãһڣһڣһڡ
ڣˡ
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Ҽ˵ϵЩεźӣ˵ʱΣȿȣΪʦʵЩˡúáĪĪ츳ʮȳ˼ͨ衣ɴʮ֮Ѩλ磬ΪʦЩǵľԪ֮ʮ֮Уɴһ
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ôʱֳ֡Сʿٴץ񡪡


015 Уѧ
ͽ԰꣬԰ꡣ˷ȻȴʮЩӴľԪΪõ˶ྫԪκΪӤûаû취䵼뵤Ȼ޷ڶľԪ֮
ڵԼʮԪӴʹڹΪԴȻճɳЩɳԺʮеľԪ
ΪˣΪʦ⴫㡾ԪŹͬġԪῪɽʦݻӵЩ֮ЧȻЧ΢Ҳһš湦ˡ
ҶͷȴǼΪ졣
벻šԪȻһ湦˴ˡ
ѧߵͷΪʮɫʮƷ֮⣬ѧ࣬ϸΪ似͡湦
˼壬ĹҲΪڹ
һѧĻ似Ҫʩչ
似ѧӦõĻһϵеĵƷȭȷȵȣ֮ڵУ񶷵Ķ似
ڵ֣Ҳǡ湦ǴѧΪصһЩҪΪࣺ
һԼʽһЩԵĹһЩţԼĹϻ򡰻𾢡򡰺ô˲ʵҲþˡԼʽϸԵķǡ湦һ֡
һϡٺͶءȲֲԶԵУȴֻһЩרŸıʵ췽๦ž׳Ѫǿͽ졭˵Ƕ֮컯ʹһѧ츳ΪƽӹӹţҲôֹıʣﵽͨѪʢӶӹΪš
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һ۳ü˵⡾ԪɿɽʦݻʦĽЧ棬㾭ЧֶΡ书Զɽġתͨ񹦡ҲС
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ʱƾڴӴԪʮͨ츳ضһǧΪеĺ֮㡣
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һֱеƣС˿˷ĪĵظԼʦͷͬʱЩԼŹϰ㡣ԼΪֵָ룬Ҫˡ
ȥ󣬶ӱϰսС
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һϵͷǵضĳ
һϢϢϢȥ϶еʹûеɻ󴦣ɵ̧ͷʦһۡ
ֻ˱ɫı飬˿̱üΪСģƺ֤ʲô顭
ѵСүҿͰ͵ģʱҲܳʲôת
ԭʱ˼Сͽһ̬ȣи׼̽һ֮󣬾һͽ֮̽УȪѨ֮ʱܵͻıʣϵ΢յ˫ͻȻűɻ󣬿ʼ˸ӻ֤
ڱ仯̫ųһ亹˺ɻ飬ȴһ˿Źֵĸо


016 
ʦҡʦһɻ鳤ò䣬ͲסԵ̬ѯʡ
˴һӣֹĻϵ죬һֱøΪԼָٴ̽硣
һʩΪ֮ĿЩͣʶĥ߶ţ֣֣ӦðӦá
ţĪǷţеţ
ʦûŭգЩǵ֪ʦƢ̰ס˼¾ȿ˵
ȻƬ̣˴ʧлָһɻضͽΪʦº뵤ﾹȻЩ΢ǺιʣΪʦԤƣΣٻҪ⾰ΰ쵽ģ
ţ죿
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ͽÿ˿и˳źû˵취
ţͽݵúԡΪʦ֪ԪŹЧʹҹͣݣʱҲԴﵽЧ
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С֮У˳Ĭ
ͷ룬ԼҲȷϰʲôɵĹԼҵģ桶־Ĵ½οһ¶ѣϰˡ
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˿˴ȭõۣѣϵϾˣôڵǵϢϿɹϢۣı仯ȫӳ
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ͺ֮ߣȷǡԪ·ߡ
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˱Ŀ˼ûʦȴֻͣܿһһشȥ
˼˼ǧ֪ԭȵġԪֻһеľĶƹϵĵҲеĶ
мĵԪͬʱЩ쵼Ķ֮佫ķ뵼϶ΪһʹԭĹϣˡ
ǵҳСȻļб֣ԶںϵʮУ֮ϡ
ǣԭġԪõЧǱ˼ҲͽΪǰɶԭ


017 ʦ湦
˲Ϊңֻһʱ㿴ϵѧķڵ²İ˾Ųʮֻǲ´һ㣬Ԫ֮ʱϰ̫ȭλСүѹûϡԪֻϰ̫ȭʱ֮£ŲκšԪھġȻȻᱻ˵ƣԼû·Ҫҳ
ʶƹȻűĹĺôǶʦ˵ӵܹı˻ʵŹӵɸʦŴˣָտɴ
ϼڴˣһʱ֮䣬ϲĪ
ֱáԪھʮü飬̫ȭҲظشСʱ֮ڵʦķӦʹ𸴡
ãúã˴ãһ˷ܵתȦһִЦ
ͽȻԴ񰡣żȻģµɺ׶ȻӵҵҹİȻЩطǣǿᣬԲת֮Ķִ֮Ȼ֪ЩھϵֻЩ˵ͽΪʦ´󹦣Ϊʦϸϸоеİ֮Ȼȥɡ
ǣʦʦȲؾҪһͷһᣬһڣڹȥء

뿪ȴֱ˽ס
ϵһ̧ͷ˵ȻͽѨȻɶǱڹĻԵ
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Ŵͣ
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ӽǡ
ߵ˼ͷϥм˫־죬֣ص⼸ʦѧ
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ɡ˵һӣֻоһϮԼշ
һľа룺ʦԼСʼղɵüһ벻ʦѵţᣬʵʵĵز
ţǡ컯ı־ʦʹ磬֮ʵʣʦľѳ컯Ĵɽ׶ˡ
ǰһΪʦķھ
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ոջҵ˾ѧ˿һ壬벻ʦŹ⼸вδ¼ȫиΪصķھڡ
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ͽΪʦڿھҪμģ˿
ͷ˵ɾѧΪϲѧͽϣѡ֮ͽҪϼӿ꣬ᴫڱ˴󹦣ڱ֮У޶Ϊʦؽѧ㣬֪Ĵʦ̷Ϊʦʮŵô˾ѧ׻ã֮֮
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˽еĶѧûصᷭȿǡԪ񹦡ֻÿҳֽ϶ಲĻƽʿϥϻżɫһƺĳ·ߡ
ⱾԪ񹦡ɽӵ͵ߣֱΪڼġԪ񹦡ġ񹦡쾳ġ̫ԪԼ汾龳ഫݿնȥϼƷռڹ̫Ԫ񹦡
ĬĬеĹȻ龳ϼѧ˷ܵԸӣ̱Ҫ޷
ǡʦźƽ٣Ϊʦʦ洦ϰáԪ񹦡͡񹦡ںŹǳƽʧˡ
䣬һˮͷ¡
˵˴ⳤ̾һȻҲСʿһʧ䡣Ƭ֮ϵ񣬼ԵˣͽԲɶԴ˹Ӱ֡ס̫Ԫ񹦡Ȼֻʣ㹦Ϊѧɶõϵڼķ֪ϵĴȻϰһõϲû̫ĲֻͬΪÿ˵ʲͬմȾ˸˵ӡǡЩͬʵĹ⣬ϻһűΪ湦࣬ЩԵڹӵԣǻ𣬻ǱǶǺߴиֽԡš̫Ԫ񹦡ǵڹԼΪ⣬صԳ֮Ϊ񡯡
񣿡Ϊɻ˵𡱣˵˵ľԵĹ⡰ʲô԰
ǡԡܱаԣš̫Ԫ񹦡ʵħ֮һųơܿһаܶһзһжʦδɽ֮ʱħѪڸֳף־ħ̵ġѪħ󷨡˸ɶʦһ֣Ȼη˵ײħƾħͽħܴʦǵʦһ˰ӣӴ伣


018 ̫Ԫ
˰ӣⶼ
ħֶιаţʦҲΪ˭֪ǱѣҲʦڲѣһ۾Խħ̵Ѫھʹ˲ﻹݵš
˵ʦŵķ⣬ϵ⣬Ժѡ
⡾̫Ԫ񹦡Ȼֻʣ׹аԲ䣬񹦡ʱڹӨ񣬿Կħŵа칦պЩħˣֻ֮ҪͬΪʦԱ֤׿˵ȡʤ
ҶְϧٴνӹԪ񹦡ʱٿѲͨ鼮ֲᣬһݹʦšħΡ
ϸھμģΪ񣬻ΪΣ룬ϳգҹϢƾ˼ߣӲ˲ʹ߲Ժͻģĺ͞žררӰӰӦӦͬͬϾ롣룬̻ſգްΪԪ϶ΪһΪԪɫ״񵤡绹ڣȴۣר²
ʱ֮һƪԪ񹦡Ĺھ㴫ϣڼϵͽС䲻Σַظ飬мɬ֮һȷѽھ֮߶ͽмǣ⡾Ԫ񹦡вɼҪȵС롮徳֮󣬷ϰк档
ʦģͽȥԪմﵽУ֮;
ϵص˵ͷ˶٣ɫѵСľ磬ܶһûУζʧ;ϣһ޳ɣɴ⡣
ͽǡ
ȻʦЩ߶£ӯӯĹذ֮飬һůԼĶʦˡ
һ֮ϵһʮ
׽ɵĻʮ޷⹫ᡯ֮ΪʦΪʮý̡֮㡢áءĨᡢʡɨȼּʦʮ꣬½ںϹͨҾʽ֮ܽ򻯳ĽУ׵Ľ⽣ǽʮ֮ŵʱ䷱ɾɾŨǰʮȥ澫ˡ
׽֮һһʽʹͬʱָʽеĴͶҪرעĹذڡ
һĴΣĲʮֵԸ̣һ־Զ󣬰÷ǳʮֵԸѧ
ʦͽ֮һڣǳʱ֮ãֱɫƵ֮ʱֹͣ
ʦͽ˶գ˭ûעѹʱ䣬ѷԸôţҲûк󱲵ӵǰѡ
ɫ磬ϵֹͣ˴ڣͬʱ֮ǰСͽܸԼľϲתҴҵҪ֤֮ǰ뵽ѧ⡣
ˣͬ˳ܻԼСԺҪϰһ
ʦͽˣõߵĺͯһ㣬Գԡϵͨﵩʳͬչһ㣬뿪䣬Ҫÿն˵ͷȥΪϵʿ˷ԵĹάʮգֱɽͽܻŰѲħ˵ʦק˳
һȦͷʦ˵ʱ۷׷ףȴôҲû׷뵽Сʦϡ

뿪ʦķ֮ʱɫѾ
ϡƳϡ
صԼķڣϸԼлͷʦֶһҴææؽһɨ⡣
֮ǰʦһＤǧ㲨ˣ˵ԼѪ𣬱һպΪָ֣߱ڣЦңӣѡοͻƸѧ೤һ̹;ˣϷ˼СڶĵһĿ꣬Ǳѧ书Ϊָ֡
֮ȲؿʼˡԪӡ̫ȭ˫
Ҳʦ˼Ҳ²̫ȭԼɶĸڣȷϣҪ֤һĴɻԼʦԼʱȴǰٷְٵؿ϶Լܹľǰɶġ̫ȭ
ǰ̫ȭǽ䵱壬ѭѧۣݡ׾֮ҽѧҵۺϵشһʡṹȻתɣ˴ڼȭ˳Ϊ̫
Ԫŵķϡ̫ȭȭϣˣ֮øΪ˳ﵽƽʱЧ֮ЧΪ
ƣҰף׺ᣬ§ϥֲ
̫ȭƬ̹֮󣬱ľ硣
һ׼򻯵Ķʮʽ̫ȭʮӱܴףԡ̫ȭΪĿΪ˶Ԫʽȥϳ˼ʱ䡣
ʱһζһ·̫ȭʮʽ飬ӡԪҲһ졣
չ֮ʱͻȻ䣬СѨ֮λһһůӵһʱ֮ҲһͬʱдϲԼڴ˿˻رԼУ˵һ˿ӦֻҪ˿УֽԼܳΪ˵ʿҲǳΪһߡ
һع۸Ϣ
˼ǡơ
ǹСһС£űһ·Ͻ躣ʱͨ泩ӽȴԸһϵٻѨһƬţֵǰһ·£ջع鵤
ʱɡ
徳һ졿˴ɡ
ӽСʿ̤е֮ˡ


019 ŋ
ϲ˷ֵ׼ٴ̽Ƶĵһ˿֮ʱͻȻһһеŮ𣺡ֻԪŋ翸󡯳ɹý׶Σ֤С
ʲôˣ˲佩ֱһĴˣѰͻȻֵ
Ĵ㾲ﻹһҶеЩЩԼöҪôķˣʱЩɭ¡
֣ǽϹŵľУˡСʿڻָЩ۶һ䣺ηΣ
ȻõϢ˵Ǹ磬δ֪Ķ̫࣬˭֪ǲǻЩʲôɾûз֣СĽ޴
ĵ庮Сʿʹһǰɡķ󷨣죬һͷ˽ȥ
һᣬľ˱죬һɫؾڿ㱻˳ڽϵش˼Ȧһ˫С۾Ҳӱ¶˳صת
˵ŮڿܱаԼͯڿʢ֪ܲð
ۼûзӦСΡΡٴ˱ѡ
յģղʲôŵõүͯڿ㶼Ҳ֪ϵĹǲҲߡӪֻˣ
ǻеɻʼûн⿪
֤ϣͬɡ֤ͬС
ˡ
˵һεľ֮һη侲ࡣֵӺϳɵôô죬ƺǰһ
֤ɣŋ翸󡯿
䡱һ£ʡ˼ǰͻȻһһԻյУͬʱܹ߱䰵ͻǰƯҳ档
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ǰһ˵ϤҳһĶԻУɷдż֡ŋ翸󡿣ⶫԼǰʱҳϷеĸϵͳôôԼ
Լ֮ԻΪڹ·ʱֻҳϷû뵽Լ֮ԼСҲһͬɱ˹
һʱ֮䣬Сʿзߺޡɻ˷ܡн֯һ˵壬Ҳ߰
ͻıƬ̵ʧ
ȶСϸۿƬ֮һ̾ȻҲүǶȻǸǵϡ
ŋ翸ϵͳȻԼǰǸҳϷ֮еĸϵͳڷģ飬ܣֱǡѧһϵͳѧ¼ϵͳѧϵͳѧϵͳѧϵͳϵͳ͡ϵͳ
ѧһϵͳ˼壬ӦһеѧЩΪӹС˵еѧ䵱Ƶǽ޺ȭ׽ٵ񽣡ʮơ澭񹦵ȵȲһ㣬ֻҪۣѧȫ
书¼ϵͳܣһ¼⵽ѧǿ̽˵ڹķ
һѧΪ似ʽ͡йķ֣ġֻҪԼ⡱ܣܽԼ书ʽ¼ڰΪԺѧϰṩ⿴似һ˵Ӱ񣬱鱾Ҳԣ鱾¼ѧΪֻҪÿıܼ¼ѧġ⡱ܣõ˵ѧŵġ̽ҪѵĶ࣬ҪԷӴԼĿעԷڣ˿ͣڶԷڣֻҪһ˹˿صŶԷй·һȦ¼ڴ֮󣬻Ҫջ˿˲ܵõԷ·ߡΪҪǣ˿ҪһʱջأȻʱһ˿ữΣԼѾȫ˼ǰ
ѧϵͳҪǽ͵ѧѧʾͷѧ©޲֮ὫЩ©Ͳ޶ıԼҵԷʽеȱ㣬á
书ϵͳܼ򵥣һ͵ѧѧڸԼԺǣƬ̼õѧʩչЧѧʮһֱֻӵѧվǳֻʽѧЧҪ͸ܻá
ѧϵͳϵͳศɡκη©Ͳѧﲹ©ȱ㣬ԾͽѧԭѧѧƷ
ϵͳڹһЩ书һαﵽɡ֮ľ磬ҪͣϰָϵͳЧԼѧԲѧȣһֱѧﵽɡľ磬ѧѧѧϵĸ߲ΣȫҪϰߵˡ
ϵͳϵͳҶΪӵĹܣ涼ЩĶʫʸ踳黭ҽ󡢰ũˮ̾ٵŶݼסУʲô졢ҩ衭߰㣬治СҲ֪ĸġ
ԼҳϷҲΪҪѧϰ˶͵ҩû²ɲҩԼҼʯƷʡϷеļܵʮֱһЩ书ǿЩܵһģֻѧϰ˶ġѧֻ˷4ܵ㣬ȴҲ˰졣
ЩƷǰϷУҶмһˣ治֪ʵУЩӰ˵ļܻʲôôܲѧˡ족֮󣬱ƾѱɣ
ҶΪõĹܡ
ҶʶӣȲģĿⴥһ¡ѧһϵͳ
֮չҳϣҷֳҳҳóԼȫͼʮλʾΪİɫֻǴʱϱá
ͼϱԼľ硪徳һ졣
ʱ϶Լڲһ˿Ŵڵġŋ翸ϵͳ


020 ˴
СʿԼѾУҲγ˵һ˿ɹߵС
徳˼壬ǵһҪ֮ǰʦ̵ڡ徳һ㣬Ŀ꣬׳ѪǿǣҪչеĸ
Լˡŋ翸󡱣ȻѴĿ꣬ϣĺḣϡ
һĿ꣬Ȼϵͳдڵĸֹ
ϵǰС˵еõľ飬룬׳ѪĪֵġϴ辭ǿǣĪֵġ׽ǡ澭ġ׽͹ƪ磬չ򼸺ڹķܴﵽ˵ȫƽ˵ġ칦߷š
ڵ龰˵һ⼸Ŵ˵еĹˣһۣ񫶼ɵãҳҳ涼ѡͣʾҳ롮ǿԪΪ
ԼʱʱȻ19ܵԽѡѧĻᣬ̼֮ʮ͡Ԫ񹦡һ̫֮Ԫ
Щɻص㿪ˡܣһ֮󣬻Ȼ
ԭ⡰ŋ翸ϵͳʹκһܣһΪܵ㡱Ķܵĵ̶ķ
һ֣ÿ֮󣬶ܵõ1ļܵ㣻
֣¼ŋ翸вڵѧԵõӦ¼飬ﵽ100ʱ򣬱Եõ1ܵ㣻
֣ǶһѧѧĵȼҲԵõӦļܵ
˵ֻӵСܵ㡱ʹáŋ翸ϵͳ
ɴ˿ɼܵ㡱Ҫӹɡ
µõġŋ翸ϵͳ֮أɱǡܵ㡱Ļˡ
˿̵Ѿӵ19ܵ㡣ͨ鿴Ϣ¼Ҷ˽⵽19ܵ
1ΪԼɹ徳һõĽ
18ܵУ4ܵΪõԪʮ͡Ԫ񹦡ѧõġ
ʣµ14ܵ㣬Ϊˡ̫ԪĹϵ
űΪƷġ湦õ7ܵĽΪǵһ¼ѧ˫Ľһ14ܵ㡣š̫ԪʣСʿʱá̫ȭ͡ԪĵĹ⡣ŋ翸ϵͳȻԴ۲ͣѧò˵Сɵɵƽ޹ʶЩô
ŋ翸ϵͳû취ãֻи˵ȼˣܴ򿪸߲εѧҳ棬ѧϰߵȼĹȻЩۣҲȷʵԡ
ϾԵͼΪѧϰĹпΪͶƲס߻ħŋ翸ϵͳĳ֣ϷҲΪάϷƽԺȣΪ˱ӵߣӵȲΪֹ̰ðաŋ翸ϵͳĹ涨ֻҪӵߴﵽǿԪΪͿԴ̼ѧ壻ˡΪͿԴѧ壻Դơ
Ȼֹ򲢲壬ҪԽõѧҲǿġÿҶõһ̼ѧѧʱ򣬡ŋ翸һδ̼ѧĻᡣ
λᣬʮѵá
Сɵ֮
ڡŋ翸ϵͳ˵ֻѡҰѧһ˵ЩǵѧԼķۣ
С19ļܵ㣬̼ѧһѧѡᣬûððʧʧȥѡ񣬶侲ǰҳ棬Լ©ĵط
ϸ֮£Ȼҵһһĵط
ҳ·ԼԵ·һС鲻ͣԼֻעԺܹһ书ˣȻûô۵ʾ
ǸʶʮϢѣʲôٷʾʲôƷֲ֮档
һɱӣǰʦ˸ȫһᣬ۵㿪Ϣʾ
һ
еŮʾٴ
ϲִˡǷ򿪣
үҹȻҵˡ
鱣ӣл𣬸л
Сʿһʱڷ㵸ߵ죬ʮ˷˸飬ҲлһȦ
һĹЩϲ񣬲

һȣѹؿڵ֮ɢ˸ɾ
ҳϷѵģլС
ǰҶˣֵģԱ֤ЩҺЩͨҵĲͬ
ɣ·ʱ·Ҷڳֵ
ΣǰҳϷϵͳ˹ȻûĴҲˡ
βסǵЦ⣬һ°͵ĹҲ˲ϲľǰһָһϺȣүҴ򿪡
һ죬һԻٴδ򿪡
ִѾ򿪣ϲø߼һΡаܵ3̥ǡһΣ켶ѧһ
󽱣Сʿ°Ѿ˵Ĺ
ֱ̫ţˡ
˯͸ͷ
̥ܵ͡ǡȻʮҪ˷ܵģһ켶ѧĽȻϵͳʾѡϵͳѡ񣬵ôǺ켶ѧܲ˷ܵأ


021 С๦һ
ѧȼఴաҡס̡ࡢơȡ졢ϡ𡱣ʮɫʮƷּ켶ѧһſѧڽ֮УһȷѪꡣʹʮɵѧҲͻˮƽѣ˵һź켶ѧڽˡ
ȷѪ갡
꿴С˵ʱ򣬾ûʣÿÿԼѪڣģҲֵ۸ԼӵˣǶôԵһ¡˷ܣС°
ڸ߲εϼѧѾȿǻʮֵĶžˣÿϼѧҲһ˶ѣе󣬴еĴ档
ڽѧ񻰰ĴˣΨһôҶĽ𼶾ѧһɽׯĽСһ⺮վݡĽ
һУٵµһı˸ս
ڽѧ񻰰Ĵˡ
ϸ۲֮ȷûбԼĵطˣСʿԼľʼ𲽽Щĺˡ
õŋ翸ϵͳҶصõ˴е˷Ըӵġ
˷ܲѵҶȲصѡˡ켶ѧԶѡϡ
ʶѡʱȻֵһԻ
Ƿʼѡȡ켶ѧ
ѡˡǡ֮Ůϵͳʾٴ𣺡ĬΪѧڿʼѡ񣬽С
ٴν
ѧΪٵıħŹŹڶ׼Ҹķķ
ħŹͻͽϰʮ֮ǰʱ򣬳ԽɵĽһĸֵУħΪࡣħŹΪƬ죬ʹħ߻ħܹħ֮ˣ֮١
ħ±Ϊ˸ΪȫѧΪǲȡһЩֶ伫ʱ˷ָΪΪʹѹ
ŹΪҡ˱ĺ٣ͽҪУóħ𷨣ԷŵĹҺʾޱߣ֮ơŹΪ٣ħŹͬŹиѧΪܹ⹦֮еԷŹֻҪѧ书޳ֵĸΪǷѧǿѧҲǸ߻ħ³ԣѧڳڽħŹںڽ׶ΣҪϵ޳ַ𷨣ѧʹ𽥻Ƶȿѧ
׼ҹ෱࣬ҵĺȻзҵĻࡢӷѧеĹٶ֮죬ֱ׷ħŹеĸ֮Źһϸ¡Ϊ෱࣬޷һһ֣๦ڵλ
ҹΪҲƽ͵һ˵㣬ڲõ߻ħҵҹǰڻ㣬νǺĵ䷶
һȺʮҵֱ䣬ʤģܴħŵӣʮ䣬ŵӻӵʤĿ󣻵ȵʮҵͣǵҵĵӱȺӱȺۡ
ȻֿҲ˵ǾԣΪҸɶԼĶصķţԼ£Щ⹦ǿʹ߻ѧĽҲ֮¼Ϊ࣬˿ִңڶ˵ִ˲ƣ
ѧӵ֮𣬱ʤ֮Ϣ˵˵
˴ѡĵѧ˵ǴμõĻᡣѡĽΣԼʵһηԾ
ȻͣضԼ˵һЩȰοĻһʱ̣еʧĻǺصġ
ѧ켶Ȼ֪ӹѧѧĻܹﵽʲô̶ȣʲô칦ڤ񹦡֮ڹķˡ
ʥ飬·ɣǹ⻷ʲôɡ
ֲһħϵûãֻһ죬ϵͳѡˡ
ϲú켶ƷѧС๦һ
ҵθȥ
ԡ
鰡񰡣ʦӰţ
С๦۹
һЦžһҷɣ춶ࡣ
û뵽û뵽ܹŹСʿ˷ܵ棬ǵǹ⻷ıˡ


022 С๦
ǰС˵ʱС๦Ϊ书ѧ֮һ˲УңǱ񻯵Ϊѧɣең书óһѧ
ңɵѧǵҵĴУʦңӣѧǡڤ񹦡˻ΨҶ𹦡ǡ貨΢ǡɽ÷֡͡ɽơȵȾѧÿһó԰ӽȺۡ
УȻģǿơڹתһڹķС๦
С˲һ飬С๦ɳƵΪ׵ѧڹķӡŋƮѧнΪ켶ƷԿó
ҶУС๦ǽӹбԶԶ͹˵ľ书
֮ԣҪΪ˲һУʹô˹һˮףһĦɣʹС๦һ湦ڶɳûлͬڤ񹦡һ
ȴû˶ѧУתٶȺ;̶ȣС๦ԳƵµһ
ԭУС๦ص࣬޼ѰֻҪߴ˹֪书ʽޱȣģ±˵ľѧԭ漫Ϊƣѷֱ档УֵļɮҲǿֻϤС๦ɨɮֲֳԼߣɴ˱֤ѧĸ֮
ĦرﾫͨС๦󣬾Ȼ͸Գƾͨʮž˶֣ڶָɮǰʹơĦڭָȭķħѡ浶Ҷָȼľָ񹦾ʹþסˣڸɮԿɳֵһ֣һʶó׷׳̾嵱Ҫ֪С๦֣пƵһɵ֣ҪŪͷûĿˡ
ֻд˴д㲻ѿС๦ص㣺һˣǣ࣬޼ѰӦ˵ҡ̫飬徲ΪҪ塣
˾ѧУҲǷġʮơǶġ񽣡Щ书ಮ٣ѷָ¡㡾С๦ƻѷʮơҲڡʮơ˲ڱ̬֮ϣڹķǿ󡣶еľ̶ϣС๦ڡʮơ֮ϡ
С๦پҲǵѧԵҵʹ似ԿԸ˺͵Ӧ֣ĦǺģҪõҵڹķȥʹŵѧһɣζʧδܾѧ͸ңиѧӦķŵ伮໯⣬Ħǣڸˣڵ伮ѧˣڵĵ伮мһˣҲյĦ߻ħһװױ˶Ǹӡ
ĦšС๦ǿʹ似շܴǱȻ֮ơáС๦ң似似ĦǾƲ˲Ұܡ
УûõľĦǣǡС๦
ҶΪԼܻ񼼶ԽҲѣͬʱһת䣬ȴҲڲزסеʡ˵С๦ڽӹѾڳһѧˣУȻֻŵˡ켶ƷĲΣƽġ¾ŽƷ͵һġʮơۻġڤ񹦡ָõλмƷأЩ书ҪȡС๦ߣҲôһҲǾʹﵽ켶Ʒľ磬ǳΪϼѧϿǻš𼶡ѧĴڰѵԽӹеĸ湦ⷽжܴﵽľôѧġ𼶡ѧָǺأ
ϣС๦ͬԼһͬгѾõġ񹦡ֻΪ켶ƷѧǿҵĲͬҶͬߡ
¾ģ㡾С๦ûΪѧԼ˵Ҳһ屦ԼնؽáС๦ŵѧŹʣô񼼣һ硶˲ܴܵ裬ͬʱҲôǿ֪ʲô־ѧʲôĸ񹦡
¾ĵ飬ص㿪ˡŋ翸󡿵ġѧϵͳҵˡС๦
С๦
켶Ʒѧ
ԡ˲ңɣҹ
ѧϰԸĵڹΪΪк档
˴ٴɵۣԭˣڡ˲ԭУ⡾С๦ĽͱΪĻ
ĿǰԼͻȻõأֲô˵˵ľ֣ԼҲתڤ񹦡һֻܿԼѧˡ
Ըȴжϣ
ѡͽܣǺӻǶΪòá˼֮˵ңѧĲԸ߾֮޷ϰҲǼƴӱ֮ˣԭУӶԭֻΪ̡࣬
ӦǴ͵ѧţѧԼߣΪЩظԿţɽͯѺˮ׷ɱΣ֮ʴɽ÷֡ңڵϳ书û뵽Сס˼ɬѶֿ쳣ĵһ·ھ
ɽ÷֡Ŀھ쳣Ѷһ·ھ߸һ䣬ʮ䣬ܹʮĸ֣߸ƽֺ߸֣ȫȻƿҪѶ
Ҳûѵڼ֮ڱ㽫ɽ÷֡·ھ˸죻ڱУ֮ѧ᡾ɽơѧƺͻ⡾±汾ġ˲Ļ壬ɾͼȡú꣬إơΪˡʮơѧ츳һʦ֣ѧ֮ˡ


023 ̥
ǮûǮжãûá
ˡС๦ȴһ졢
ŭҶտ񡢿լһ㣬ݺݵصߡС๦߶߶šѧѧ
Сʿ˵״̬˰ʱ
ûСʿһͷڴ֮ϣ˲ݶһͷ
òôҰ
ˣȻʱ޷ϰС๦ҲӰϲ￴ţҲǶԼһֹ
Ȼ޷ϰֻҪԼŬ湦ϰɣ¡
Сٴλ޻ѧҳ棬о䡾С๦
ϸ֮£СʿȻ
ԭС๦֮С࣬޼ѰĹص㡣ʵĹбѧڹԭ򡣡С๦֮ԺųơڹתһҪּΪŦѨЩֲѨλΪ䷢ȪԴ
ЩҪѨλ¸֮ڣһʮ֮࣬Ϊʮ칬⼸칬һͨáС๦ڹķ֮ʱﴦҫͬ£ʮһС칬ǳһͬɡȺǰ¡֮ơʮ칬ӦˡС๦Ǵɡ
С๦ġʮ칬ͬԿɴ洢ʹ¸й£ڵ
ÿͨһѨΪͬ߶ϼ֣ʮ칬һͨñͬ߶һֵ
ЩС칬ڴͨȫĹУС칬ڵǿԸľôͨøס
ͬʱڼС칬ֲȫʹø˴һȭҪӵڵֱеȭͷ֮ͷšС๦ȻֻҪ͹Ѩڴ洢ͷţӦٶҪࡣ
ˣԳС๦࣬޼ѰĹص㡣
Ӻ󣻹תѸ٣չףӿݡڳƾ롾ڤ񹦡񽣡ʮơһµġС๦
ҪС๦ڵҪǻֻҪܴﵽҪ󣬼̶ϰ˫ġС๦ˡ
ˡС๦ΪĿ꣬ԵµԼĹ滮ԼڵٶȣСʿĵһҪ
µõġС๦ݲãҶвʣҲڴ˹תĿһ桪̥ǡ
򵥵ؿˡ̥ǡĽܣҶɵС๦ʧ飬ֿʼѪ
̥ǡ˼壬˵Ļʣ˵ǡ׽衱չЧһѪǡĸǿǸıʣɾΪĻ
ʵĻᣬʵֻеõĳЩĵرпܻãκһܹʵĵرڽһȷѪ꣬ҶܹӵСŋ翸ϵͳ׵õֻᣬò˵һ켶ˡ
ʣǽֵָĻʯ
ѧϰѧ֮ǰʣϰѧ֮ʱ°빦Ч
ԣ̥ǡУʵʵڵĺôԽõԽá
ھסǸСԺԭԼʦֵģ񣬶ʦִδҲǰš
Ҷϥãº׼ֱӵѡˡǡѡ
̥ǡѡϣʱʼ1098
һ׼ӭӼı仯
54321
ʾ֮ʱ̸е躣ˡһ죬ʶ˲иʧ񣬽űǻʹѣһ˻ƺ
ҿô⡰̥ǡô۰
ֻһ˲䣬еȫѪУѪ˺һ㣬ȫ·ɹǰʹ࡭һʱ֮ȫʹֱθץҲץãҲӲ
Ҷ˵ڵأҲά֡ĳ족ˣ۵һһѪ־˱
Ҷʱһ˿һֻʶס̨еһȥ
ʱڵﴦһһ㣬ͣ𶯡Ծ
һ𶯴ݵÿһ䡣
ÿһ£Ѫ⡢;ۿüٶȱøһ֡
ҶŻľʹٴΰڳĳ족ˡ
ֻеǿԪʩչ֮ɡŋƮ󡿵棬׵ʩչ˳ڵı仯ͬӳ㱻Լ
ʩչӷĹ۸£еԼ嶼͸ֻľѨøΪҹеͼɼ
Ѩǳǳߡ
зɼ
̫ͬһҫۣĴѨͬǳŵ𲨵ӿ֣µľѨͬһͣ˸˸ѨҲͣͣ͡
䱻ݡӴԪٶµʮҫۣӨ޷⡭ŵ𶯣̵ľͣرӯӯط۳Щҫ˹âķ۳ǱɢġݡЩԪ֮뾭֮У仯Ϊƽ͵ĵԼĵա
⿪ʼɢĹ̻ԪҲ˾дڵĻɫʣЩ࣬ʮ̣֮ߣ֮Уǳ廯ô̵ֹžź;ԪС
ֻеʱ̵ľʲűɢΪɫİߵ㣬һƳ⡣
ı仯Ҹسʲͣ仯ϲС
ʹ಻ϵسţ˵һز˻⣬һʹķϲլУȻҧݺݼԼû뵽Լ


024 ʮ칬
һҹ㡣
ת磬峿̫ůս
һεġ̥ǡȻһϡ
ʱѾʼû˵̥ǡչڼ
ľʹѱϰߣҲ˼ļ
Դ徳Ϊ
һΪȣһеʼԴڼ壬ؼΪĪı⣬Ǳһͨ仯ϤԾ㡣
壬ҪĲ׳ѪǿͽĤǿʣΪҪıк۹ͨƵھƣͨٲ
еٹΪףٲҪĳЩĵر⹦ܴﵽЧˣûֻòͣЩеٹƼõľУΪԼ޾·ֻһȻ޵ľͨˣȴٶ£ȫôĺԽǵѧڣΪϱԽԾ
ǵģŋ翸ϵͳһΡ̥ǡֱӱ㽫д󲿷ֵų⣬ȻǺܳףڵϣõĻպ־ٶµˡοԼС̫ԪһڵʣҪࡣ
ֹͣҶ֮һ𣬡һ졣
ҶȼһֱӽΪ徳ڶ졣
ݲҶϲʮеġݡԪȴȻѡӵľԪ˲˵ҶĵﾭûоʱһȼǼޣٴͻƵȼһˡƼά֣ǼϢ֮䣬Ҷ³ǾѣϰصģѪѶʦΣٴݡ
ϧʱʦԣ򻹿ǿЩӴľԪٴαƻʮУ»
ҶмΪ֣̿ȴһʱ벻κνİ취
û뵽ԼһֱһջӵǿԼɣȴû뾹ȻᱻεŪ
Ҷʱͨ죬ʼѪѪı֡
ǵľԪǵ
Լ׸ðǵľԪôأ
ǵ
ҶٿȻһ̱ҳ桭
ǰԣʹҶҲɵôЦһ޾֮·޾֮·
ԭҶҳ棬ɫõġС๦ʱ˰ɫĿáΪ̥ǡġݡԪҶ˲䱩ǣ̱ﵽˡС๦ϰıҪ
ĬС๦ķת
С죬ϰС๦ĵһҪ칬һҪġ칬¸ġй
ڵҶաС๦ķתڵγһתУγ֮ʱ͵ľԪҵйڣͬɺԵĺյˮһѸٱ֮ڡ
Ԫ֮ڣ˷أڣգй֮֮ȫ·ͬĵͣ
ԽתԽ죬·һͣתʯĥһ㣬ĥšйʹԽԽԽԽͽʵԡ

⡾С๦һѶ֮컯֮һȻɡȴδľʯءϸµġԵſɳƵǻΪľϸ
һ糣˰ͨĵʼòͬˡС๦֮ҶĵһʯҲܻΣֱһһɣԾ춯ء
ڣɾԪľٶͻͣͣйɫ°ӨӨھγɵͼ֮УܲҫۣǳĹâڸǲסﴦһƬӯӯеѨͬǹ°㣬ΧڡйΧ
С๦֮Ҷĵˣʵǿͷǳˡ
йȻɹҶйûн
֮ǰԣﱾǻĳҪˡ棬ǡء
ڵľԪȻӴ˳ƶΪҶءڶ칬Ѩ
ѨȽϵصѶȾҪһ㡣Ϊﲢǻ֮ڣҪ￪سɡڶ칬ҪıǿѨ֮
ѨѪ֮
˹ʼһҶһѪ⣬зơļµĸо֮
񣬿գеһԪһйˣѨͻشǰ˵³ΪʹҶ֮Ѫӻë׺б˳ʮֺˣµѪˮѾͬһСһ㣬ѪһƬ
֮ǰйľ飬ҶѨ˼֡
һγУһĥ
㣬ǹʱ
Ѩеķ֮һСʱǵֹͣ˿أڼټһڵԪ˲䱻һգѨȻŹ⣬еһǳ
ڣڶ칬Ѩγɡ


025 
ڰˡѡвͬʱС๦Ҳ˳Ĵͨ칬šʮ칬ȫͨĴ֮˼ʵһ
ھԪĺľС๦ִӰɫġá״ָ̬˻ɫġá
ҶüЦոյΣҶظдҪϰתС๦ԼҪΪſԡ
ȻС๦ݲã´ͨ칬ҶİҲģ˵øΪʵ֮⣬ڶ칬ѨĴͨҶͬȾ߶˽ɡ
Ҷ˶ս֮ʱӵиơ
ҶõϲѶֹЩšйʵҶҲӵٴν׾٣ѧһ뵽ˡ徳졿
ΪϲǣʮеġݡԪûĸɾǼȥĳɣµľȻһ뻹ľԪ
ʮѾгͨͬһתˣȻȻް
ԼӵС̫Ԫô湦ЩԪ¡ʦ˵ģʱԼֵͨĴѾһƬͨ;
յʱ֮˵ڵصͬ˺һʹ࣬ǿǽߡ
ʱѾԼʪ͸壬մ˺ɫ״ʣζȳȴ̩㡣
ŋ翸һ⡰̥ǡȻڵ˳
̥ǡ鴫
Ƭ̵ʵܲϵζ
óһ׻ϴţҸ£Ѹͷǳܳ˷䣬˲ÿ峿ˣֱɽɽеҰȪȥ
ɽɽſڣСʿ£üɫظԼʦƴϽԼ׵괳ٸƶķṦΰİСӸ߶ȽӵƴϣһûһػŻֲʱǰ裬ȥǸڵӡ
ĵ𾢣һķ죬ǰһûȻˣ㴩˹ȥֱɽ֡
ղŹȥʲô⣿ô
ƴϸ߶Ƚӵ۾ȻûпߣǹֳζȴСͯĲѣűһŻ
ȴɵ״Ӱʧĵط˵һ仰УС˼
ôˣ
Сʦ壬Сʦ塪
СʦôˣƴϺʵ
ٿȻأظлϵĳλɴ㡣
Сʦ嵽ôˣƴϼץӸΡ
ֻ»عͷһЦӶţŲֵ˵Сʦȱ⣬ڡڣʺҲˡ
ǣδ֪£Сʦ£ƹۡ

Ȫˮе̾
̥ǡ֮ڵı仯δٵĴУüΪ
ʱأСУ˵Ĳͬ
أһɫʹ磬ǲԴɽ֣ɫʵĲκͷḻȱ˴һƳȥܰյÿһƬҶڳ·ǧ˰ֻ̬ڻ裬ϵһ˿һ֣ߣֻ۷ֻۣʳֻưɹֻϷ
ԼƺȻΪһ壬ܶƽʱ˵ϸڣһһиģƽΪͨķҲܽеϸ΢仯һ
۾ʱˮ齻ڵĻһ塣
Ӷ֦Ͷϣůġûһ̣ܹؿ磻Ҳûһ̵̣ظܵԼ塣
Ҷڳˮ֮ڣӿ
벻벻һҹ֮䣬Լ˲ﵽˡ徳۷塣
Ϊܵ2ﵽ24ܵ㡣
ⳬĽٶȣԼһе⺺ﵽ˳ĵ۷ľ磬ǰ˲ͬСһΰҸС
֮⣬ڵľǡѪõ˲̶ͬȵļǿ
Ĥǿ͡ǿѪʱ죬֤˴ʱʵĸơ
䵤ı仯ԣ֮һ֮ǰıࡣ
ʦչأʱټԼĻһһ
ľǿˣͬʱʮڡݡֵ֧ӴԪԼҲڲͣؼǿš
Ŵʱٶȣò˶ãСʿ˵ټˣͻڼ
˴˴εġ̥ǡĽʣ˵ڣǴһǳˮһ̶ϵÿѨÿ̥ǵر޿չǱıأԺֻҪپѧ°빦
жѣ֪һЩԼϷˡԼȻźǵĽ壬۹ԼЦֽһˡ
̥ǡѾϣ켶ƷѧС๦ҵѶһɹ˴ѾȫΪʵˡһ24ܵδãȷǿԳԶһѧˡ
ŋ翸ƱǽӹС˵оѧĶһˡҲҶ˷ܵĵطϱζͬӹС˵еĴһ㣬Щ˵еĸ书Ǽˬġ


026 ȫķ
򵥿һԼѧ
̫Ԫ湦ͣҪĹЧĿǰԼٶµʮʮֺʣ
Ԫ񹦡ԼĿǰΨһõڹķͬʱҲɵĻڹ̼ƷѧԼӸĺעҲűĹ
ʮɵĳŽԼѧϰΨһһ似˵Ҫġ֮ǰĿǰûʲôҪĵطòԼɱŽǲҪһҪӦȫȫΪ
Լ24ļܵԶһѧͬʱҲһ̼ѧһһѧһᡣ
һ֮ȷԼӦԡԪ񹦡Ϊ̫ԪΪƻ
ԭҲܼ򵥡
һĿǰĵһҪǿԼΪȼѡԪ񹦡һڹķΪޣ̫ԪԸɳΪҪĹܣĻȡϲרŵڹķ
ڶ̥ǡ֮ͨζСйްʮٶѾӰˣֻҪʱʱá̫ԪʮеľԪɣðҪɣ
ԼڹѾעҪıμӿҹٶȶѡ
ҲһؽǱǵҹٶȼޱȵˡȻ޹һĿˡμӿڹٶȡһĿˡ
һĽ취Ҳ˴ŵĴ㡣
򿪡ŋ翸󡱵ġѧһϵͳ˻ҡס̡ļѧҳ棬̼ƷѧҵԼҪѧȫķ
⡾ȫķէûʲô˲𣬵Ϊһԣѡ޵ķʸ
ȫ̾һŴɣʦһʦ칦컯ս칦˸Ϊġȫķгʦϰˡ칦⣬еˣķΪԼס
ȫɵķƽߵĻޱι̣ΪԺķչ¼ʵĻ¡еĹԣȻܶ湦˵ڹΪڶʱڿЩһڶ⡣ΨȫķȴֺܹɲԵƿ
⣬ȫķƽ͵ķΪκθڹĻûʲôرԣԺȥϰ߾֮񹦣ҲúԳͻ޷
ңʵϣҶܹѡĹֻҪȫķõģ඼ǽϱȽ֪ڹˡ
ЩڹĵȼҲ༶ϡҶܹõġ
Ҷ˵ѡȫķؼԭ򣬱ǡȫķܴģһ׵ϵ
Ϊȫ֮Եѧʦ˸书Ϊ֮ףѧĴҲʦ
˴סȫķѾճеһһ㶼ݳеķš
С߿ʼԷ˯й̶ƺͺɵķ
ҵĹȻлԼеʱ䶼УԷ˯ɲĻٶȾԲκһŹĻ
ڴڸ״˯ķţҲʱѣùڹɡ֮Ѹ٣ȻѹļλʦŵùǺΪѧаŵħ书ɹǰ÷ǸŮħͷΪʦŪһδĴ㱻ǸϹӸһȴ
ҶϹ֮󣬳˸еЦ֮⣬ҲԿȫķڹ֮٣̾Ϊֹ
Լ֮ǰϲ̫ȭ͡ԪţԼԡԪ񹦡Ϊճ²οȫķģʽܽԪ񹦡ٶһϡ
һסȫķ12ܵ㣬ԭλļܵ㣬һֻʣһ롣ΪεѣԵﳬֵ
ˡȫķȫ޼ϵڹķˡ
ȫ׵ġȫķ֮⣬һȫ̵ġ㹦ڽ̹ɽṦܡ
⡾㹦ѧߣֱߣνסױȡ⡾㹦ҪĹܣȴ⡰ֱߡı£ŹǻṦȴڹм
⡾㹦̼ƷѧһҪ9ܵ㡣
ܵȻãҶһ̼ѧĶһᣬۼܵ㻹ǶԻѧĻᶼҪҶλô׵õҲȴʱиûǸеء
֮⣬Ҳûԭġŋ翸ϵͳУеġһϵͳ
ȻŹһѡصѡɧʵ顣
Ȼڵѡˡһ֮Լۺʱεء£ԳԪ񹦡ʹÿʱÿ̶һһεۡ
ϲģһܿԺ͡ȫķĹЧӣԼšһܣաȫķ֮ŵʱԭٶһԭһȻܹȡȫȫشһΪ
ƽϰڹʱĻңȥҶȴһʮĸСʱϰڹķԷ˯éĹ򶼲ֻⷽȣҶȱ˵ٶȿ
ټڡݡӴԪΪ֧֣˵ڹһǧԲǴţ
Ȼˡŋ翸󡱹һ֧֣ܵˡȫķģʽû˶иΪС๦Ĵ̼øӻܽˣҲ֮ǰıԸÿտޣǹ˿ʿһ

һһҹǸһˡ
һûаϵѪˮҲԸϴôڳˮУ˯ȥ


027 δ
ֵ
Ȫˮ˯˵ѡ
һҹû˯ֱ˿̲΢Ϣһ¡
û뵽һ˯ʱҡ
硢ǸϲˣҲãԼЩʲôʲôĲȤûָгһܳɵõ
ңھͺá
ֻϧ緹ϲˣԼһڣѿտҲԪĵʮĻš
ʼٵز壬»·
űӽ·רŸϴĵӣǱˡ
ңһģǿǱġ
Լǹ⻷߻صۡ
ģﻨ㰡
˵Сʿڲסطɧڶӿ
벻ӡŋ翸ѧ̼ѧֱӱﵽɡľ硣Ȼոյ֣ԼŹϤ̶ȣ˿Щ˶ʮϵʿǡ
ľϲ
źǡС๦ֻǡѧէҲΪѧɽΪ켶ѧڸŋ翸󡱲ܽߵôߵ̶ȡ
ͬʱҲѧһһĵעз֣ͨġܵ㡱ҲԼѧѧ̶ȡ̶ȵѧתĸ죬׳Ҳ߻ħΣգ似ԱøӦ֣ɱӦǿ湦ԼǿõĸЧ
ֻɡŋ翸ѧ̶ȣȷѧѧߵͲйء̼ѧǿɡѧԼӵҡ켶ѧ硾С๦һֻܵѧէĲΡѧ֮ļΣҪ͸ˣǱ㲻ǿױܴﵽˡ
ȻԪ񹦡͡ʮѧȼܵףûаʣ12ܵһõϾһѧĶһᣬżܵһõϵѧõ˵ϡ
ϧ˵ѧҪ21㼼ܵ㡣⿿õô1ܵ㽱ԶԶġ21ܵ㣬Ҫ21ΣԼ񡰴徳ľ磬21ΣǾ͵˿Ҫľˣ·;ңԶˡ
ѧҳƣҪΪҲ˵Լѧ磬õ㹻ļܵ㣬ʱԼѾﵽ˽⿪ѧҳҪһѧһᣬ͵ȫ׷ˡ
ԼڹΪѾ棬ҪﵽʣµֻʱѡԽ콫еĻΪʵҶ˵Խк
ȥãٵļܵ÷¼ѧˡ
ۡ¼ϵͳеľҶ޲һͷµĲؾУ¼¼ŋ翸󡱵ѧ¼ϵͳɲʲôԣҲ¼ѧĵȼߵֻ͡ȼԽߵѧõĽԽһ̼ƷġԪ񹦡õ2Ҽܵ㣬Ʒѧ̫Ԫ7ܵ㡣
ֻҪռߵѧԿնһŋ翸ЩԼѾõѧˡ
ˡʮơˡڤ񹦡ˡ񹦡ˡ¾Žˡ䡿
䡿˰ɡ
ǺǣǺǡ
ȻԼͻȻ뵽ĳѧŪе㲻ȻȻͲסеֹסϵɵЦһṦص˺ɽš
Сʦ壬ǰԺ㣬˺ðˡ
ʱɽŵСʿʦֵͽ½ƶոʮꡣԶԶؾƼԼСʦ壬ɵЦһմ˹æ߹ȥ˰죬λСүҲûӦȲ֮£˳ӣλħСʿſˡ
Ŷףƶɶ£
ãղŶ˵ˡ
ǰԺ˿һˡ
ˣ˭ѽеŮģ߰ݣǷȢ
½ƶԴһκǿûһƺȥСʦ壬һɱͷηηģũ˵
ѽһȣ½ƶһ¡
ֻԼСʦͻȻһĶͷһáһ´ܳȥͲӰ
ֻĿɿڴ½ƶǸ֮ǰεһ
ۡСʦ塪⣬ⶼʲô򰡡
תҴұǰ
ȻûϰʲôṦнŵĨ͵츳Ǵ߶ȻѸ쳣ˡ
һеӣҲû˭˳ֱѻ·˹ȥһȥϴˣ
һСʦ塱ûгڣ㱻һƸǶ֮ͷϡһɶ֮
Ż棬ͷϵ·߻СʦĻǰȴѲӰ
ʵص棬ǹһţƽĳƽĳ࣬˶Ҳŵˡ
ɢŶʱĴţɻ˵Сʦĵˡ


028 ĺ
ҶͻȻҴҵصȻԼ飬˵ʮֵҪ
Ϊǽһڵġ¼ʱ䡣
˵ÿһڵġ¼ڴΪȤ֮һⱾƺܿ־зµġĺ󡱡
ĺµһţӴ󣬼ÿֺţųơ֪ΪաֻҪǮʲô¶ɡ
ΪġĺֻȻžʮɡʵƫƫҲȥĺ󡱶أû֪˭ĻĴϰ塣
ԣĺŹٷʼҵıԡĺ󡱾ǻʼҵ񸮣ǻʵۿ˽࣬Ͳ֪Сܹ֪ͯˣȻҲȤ
ҶΨһе˵ǣĺ󡱾ȻһСķֺţǸҷֺеһСС¼£¼µְ൱ǰеļߡҵԱԱһ塣
û¿¼ҶڴΨһǲʽϵĴС飬־ϻмءȻݵĵط棬漰ݵֻռ˲ɣҲǲĿˡ
Ҷ䰮šĿĳֱܣЩ˭˭սĳֳ˸ʲôѧţĳֵõʲôأʲôؼ࣬òֺ
Щʲôָࡱרĳλѧңʲô书⣬һ־
ҶЩ⣬ΪЩνѧһ㲻ʲô֣ЩѧҲЩ·ŪŪûûɵͨߣָ岻
Щѧؼϴοõġʮʽǲעͨ棬ȻҲмǧӣʵڲѵġ
Ȼѧ𣬵ɲһˡˡŋ翸󡱵ġѧ¼ϵͳֻǿһ飬㹻¼һѧˡ
б˲ռ˵ƾŸĹϵҶʿһӦⲻġ
ʱǰԺϼ⣬Ͻⲽ
׼ʱСͯôء
˵Ǹֻǡĺ󡱵һͼ¼£ϣҲǼͷĲ£һ´׵ʮͨũĻλ¼£ôũ˰һѣȻϴĻɾҲ˶ٵĲʮͣȥ·ʮϵӣٺһЦܼӬһҺʵũ󣬵۾ȴġ
Ϥˣ˵ϼһһòǵ˼ҪĶûã뷽跨㣬װӣװǸ˵е˵ֶòϣ˵ۣͯƽĺܡ
и˳ӣЩСõףҪǴͨƹ۵ĹϵԺϰ֮ÿһʱһǨ
ÿ뵽˴һӵЦ۾
ıϼسǸСĹ£ֻϼһСӣϽ˵ʵǿűĹϵŽġĺ󡱣ҽıɣԸԼܣκ򣬳СϡɼҲʹýǨѶȼ
ҲѹôһˡСͯȻֻΪڹıָôһ㣬㱻ڰعš
˷ļ飬һһڵġ¼ۼ۰ӣȴҪصĶ࣬оݰġ¼Ҳмѧؼһ֮ǰʮֿõġʮʽѧﵽƷƾŽڡĺڵְѾܵѧؼˡ
⼸ǽΪҶ׼ĺû鵱Ȼֹ⼸ıвʮ౾鼮ֻСͯǰƷζ϶ôȤ
ҵǲã෴쳣õĲٺá
ⲢʮҪϣµʱ䣬Ȼÿ¶ǧӣ¸׿ڸԼֻҪҪٳ񣬱֤ԼʱֻҪԼ䣬ᱻϼسǡʱÿµнյĸˡ뵽Цѣƺûˡ
·ˣۿҪɣͷȴΪʮӿ˹ؿڡҲû˼ҪԼǮأĺ鼫ϣһ֣Ǳ˵³
û˰취λүֻðĿϡ
ʮĲͷ⿿־Ȼﲻ׼ԼֻðѼ߹־СͯвȤԼСܹͯǱƷĽؼ
ĺ󡱵ԱʲôҲҪƾʸģƷѧԼöҵڶһģԼļֵߵĶ
ģǻģСʿҶֻҪԼ΢װÿһЩ˵þͰⱾؼȥˡ
һɣǣʱ˱շ˸õĿͻȺǻǲԴԼһСǳԺȲˡʱԼҲôͷˣԼҵĻŻҲƲԼ
뵽Ǳøӵؼ͡ƺеԼ󻹲ң²ЬЬһٹβ䣬һŴ͵ֵ˼ɫһٲûÿһأ˷ܾȴôҲԱ˵һʱƵüˣݺݵسԼıӱһȭһʱᡢʹ飬ӿű飬һӾһˡ
ˣˡ
ƴسűӣҪֹסᣬƫƫԽҪֹסͱ黹Խʸͣ
ᣬÿʱƹɽ˺Ըģſڰ̯յַǷ
ÿʱ򣬽ſҸط̯λӰ˵鼮һǸʮҪʱ̡
ֵһӣò׿ͱĽۼҪʱˣλСͯǲٲȥ̯۵̯λҪռȥ
ͨȦ۰Ͱ͵һʵڵȲˡһţתҪȥ
ֻҪʱü˵ҲϼСֻͯԺʱˡ
ϽϼһϤޱȵͯ


029 ڽ
˵ĺ󡱵ĵͼ¼½ڵȴҶʱ䶼δټ֮ãȻʹȥɸҪͻȻһ

⣬С鲽һȴǸý˰֮õСͯ˹
ɸͯӰĿСϣϸðһëҲżŵĸģһӱλСүļε·ˡ
ϣҵСڣôô
ٺ٣Сү˵˽¡ô壬ô
СüͷһģһϵƶЦ˻
ģİɡˣˡ
Сش߰ͳһ鲼ûü򿪣㱻һ˹ȥ
£㷭ԼҪ鼮¼ʮڡ
á
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ȫġ¼СϵǱֵķֲᣬⱾԭᣬȫصϢ棬ۼ5ӡ
ͺô㣬͹10
ϢһһİСͷ켣ҪʲôϢ㲻֪¡ߵ²ʤö٣˵С˻Ƿָǰűʲôģʱһɳ죬彭
µؿҫ˰죬СʿƲС죬һȤӡ
һת˸⣬С߱Ҳ˵ЩϢɶһһĿ٣ǿǶʡǴ嶼Ǳߵķɸ봫õϢϢ£ߵġ䡯ֱֵ۰
䡯ʲôƨôֵǮ
¥ڶʮ¥¥쵶ע͵ġ廢ŵ
¥ͷͦ˵ġգô֣ôСʿһŷཱུСʵ
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ŶȻܵϧүҲֻ˵Ǯӣ֮ǰǱᣬתߡ
СʿӣתҪ뿪
ɲ֮ǰļƻ⽹򽻵ˣȻ֪⽹ͻӣϻĸģֻԼҪҪ飬λүֻʲô۶ӣԲͰ͵ذó
˰󣬵üҡ
𰡣үүСү
ȻСʿתߣȫûﵽĿḺ̌Щżˡ
æס䣬һذСүСүæߣæߡⲻãٲ㶫ȥⷹˣӺҼܵÿɾҪϽҪȥˣ⡭
˵˵űĨ˰죬ҶҲûϻᡣ
ˣ֮ǰ޴ˣյģھȻ޲ˡ
ļǣһĿ˿࣬䵲ס棬ָͷűǿݺһ塪
ȥ壬㲻ÿ޳ɣ
С㲻֪డ
ˣˣˡ޾ͿްɣôӻѪˣ
ŭ˸Ρ˷ΡǷλ̫ˣ£¡
٣ĻԸӶ޴Ĩģû߰
Ҷرһ⽹
ϱԵ͹ģСĸǽƫƫ⽹һ࣬Žʳϲ⸱ǷҪģ
壬ˣٿʲôİɡ֪λʲôƼݰġ¼ҿûãҹ
˵˵һŶһĨҲͣˣѪҲֹסˣһĵϿⱾ˵
ϻģȷ黹졣
ʲô⣿Ҷʵ
ָĽ˵
Ҫ
Ȿɴȫأ
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ؽеͼᣬͼ࣬ЩӦԷͲ޵ķ
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񡷺͡ؾ񡷣
ʲô
ʮʮλؾʮоٵǺʮλͬ򣬻һڡǱܷ񡷣δʮӢܡٺ٣˵պϵӢء
ŶϼˣǮ
2ذ10
ʲʲô⣿ô⡶ؾ񡷱ȡ񡷻󰡣
С⡶ؾÿһһΣԱ޴󣬿⡶񡷣50ûô䶯50ǰһҲˣ
Ŷʲô
С

ʮ鼮ԼٶƼţ鼮ݶƽʱķ棬κСˡŋ翸󡿣۽࣬Щ£ѾȤˡ
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С
ؼո𣬱㱻һ˹ȥ
ôⱦûȥţ
ϣ˵ģСⱾС϶רΪŵģҪС϶᲻ҲֻδĴ󽣿Ȿ鰡
ٸүƨվߵʯϣ۾бƳŽȥɣǧӣؽϹһլԺСǵˣ˭Ȿ飿
ӵҶһ߳ЦСһ߰Ǳ鶶û졣
㣬㣬С϶
һᣬһ㣬վ˸ߵʯϣ߾ϵ鼮ýһһĵģѸƻǵĽүøƵġ
˼ʵڹ۵Ľֲƹ۵ؽϵСڣ󲻵òͣ
СС϶ˣҪ鷳黹С϶С϶ȥſڰ̯˵λǮĴүȥˡ
ٲģү˵
ʵô鼮ַеؼ
Ͳסĵ˷ܣڵһʱ㼤ˡѧ¼ϵͳ
ֻһʼ¼ǰ١һһԼķ⾭Իٶţ51020
Ķϳʱ̱һתͷһ۽ۼϼһһļ񣬵ͷصԼػû
ӦֻԼɡ
뵽Ż˼طеĽףһҡͷԣһ̾ģ


030 
ⱾǡϲᣬǱסֻнУû׵йھͷһ֡
׽ǡĺΪļȱָѧǽҵĶ书֮Ǳ֮Ϊϸ÷
Ҵļ壬ʦʮ֮һţݺὭʮ꣬ǿԴġ͡÷
סΪ༶Ʒĸ߳ѧΪϼڲУŮڲ⣬Ÿ߼ѧΪһҴĸǶϲóֻҼŲңһöĳԵİܼӣһ༶ƷĽȻڡĺ󡱵ʮӡʹŽĺ󡱵õ
׽ڡ༶ƷĽǸµġĺҲ᲻óֻڲԼʹãǵȴǮʱ߼أõ֮ͬǶ϶ϲóͨġ
֮ʱĺ󡱵Ǳ̼ҵԭ򣬲ûеһʱ佫⽣ؼҵǰ굱û뵽ΪңһӾȻûʲôҽ̿ԣиöĳԵĶӣиŰĵ֮󣬱뵱ʱĺ󡱵ܹ˳ͻһˡĺ󡱵ˡ
һͱˡ˵ڲġĺ󡱣ⱾؼΪ˼ʮʵʼֵ۸ʮ༶Ʒѧؼǧһȫݵؽһʱ֮䣬ҼҴĽ˾֪Ĵ·ˡλŰҼÿѪʱˣԴҼҵ䣬ʮǴӡʮҡг
һ֮ġĺ󡱲ҵֶλңͬʱ˱ɫؼʱһ֡һʮʽġӲǰнժ˳
ǰߵĽȻǧһףףһһСн׽ĺĺ;ûУס༶ƷĽֱӵˡƷһΡ
һЩûûɣȴ꣬ڻǧǰ潣֮󣬼ʶ׽ҲӲͷƤǺУһʱ֮䣬ĺ󡱲Դ
׽ûеǰڰ棬ûʲôҵע⣬˵ԭʼһס
šƷ۵Ľ书СһȴԼ¼ѧȫĵͶ뵽ϸƷ׵ȥˡ
鼮ķ𾢵ʶͻȻһ죬ʾٴγ֣ѧ¼ɹüܵ6㣬ѧѡһΡ
ٿȻϲû뵽⡰ѧ¼ϵͳô˽¼ѧϾ似õļܵҲ֮ǰΪ湦ġ̫ԪԱ߿Сʿһر飬Ҳһϲ
ţţСʿϲⱾؼֻҪԼϸϸһһܳɹȥԼҵҲһԼǵˡ
ϲĽûԵ溬΢ЦϸȴСʿĴѯҽҲ֪еؼֻǽףûķСʿˣҲèؼסнʽûڹķϣֻǻȭȶѡ
ĽүҪ֪λСү¼˽С๦԰׽ʹȫĻһڲ
ŻϽס
¼ɣҲˡ
õļܵ㵽18ˡ
˲ֱ࣬ӵѧ¼ϵͳҳ棬ϵͳԼ˿
ֻڡϰѧҳ棬ȻһµѧƷѧѧϰļܵ8㡣
ѧϰѧ20ܵϣ¼ġֻҪ8ܵ㣬Ҷ²⣬ܱԼ¼ѧԼٴѧϰѧ˺ܶࡣ
βסüϲⱾؼļֵᡣ
˻еĽף˵ؼͶǮ
СϲǧشĲٵˡ
̫𣡡ְ鶪תҪ뿪ؿҪߡ
벻μתֱ£ոջôŵ飬ôʱе㼱ˡ
׷С壬ܼȡ鼱֮µĽﶼЩˡ
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ؿڣǿסĵСǰװ࣬Լడ
СҿڲԣдС϶ɡ
˼һ˵Ϊôʱ䣬ſڵ̯λҲûȫһ֮·˺ܴİ㣬˵үҴ˴һأͷЩӰ˵鼮˳۵ģСүϼ
ϱլһͲռ˱ˣռ˱ˣͷе㲻þˡ
ˣԼҲ
ϡոջüĽ̻һٴӡ֤˽ĳŹ
էĽ˲ˣô˼飬ȻûǼǧѧôµˣֻҪʣµİУ뷽跨ʮӣԼǨϼسǵʵˡ
˽ʮ飬ܹ˶ʮӣҶµļҲƵȻһա
׼ȥҶͻȻһһ˼ͷԾػסҪȥĽ
ˣ塭
ϣСү£Ը
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аôûУСүطСΨһһѧ⡾ˣĶ
̼ϵѧˣҪҰѧ˽ҳ¼Щѧʮ50ô
50Ļһ⣬ôࣿ˵үҰ׼ѧôϵķ۰˵ˣѧǴ·ôһ־͹ѧˣҪ50Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ڽ˵ռ50ѧͲʲô£Ͼ̼ϵѧǲǡĺǮ⣬ڻҰѧĺǵ濯Ʒ͵ġ㽹Ҳݱĺ󡱴ʮ50ĵͼѧؼҲһ׬ͷȻӯ󣬵ԽԸ񣬹ƻؼҾܰԼšӸԱдؼ


031 ֮
ҰȼѧʵûʲôܿԣȻЩѧҲӣѧֵ۸񣬽йһ㣬λСүûָҪʲôѧ׼50ؼȫǻҼѧҲˡȻˣҲȫôôҲ׼׼ѧ
ֻ̫ˣ50ؼǳ¼ܰѪඡ
ûϵ£ôµʱ乻˲
СžһôһҧƵ˵û⣬ˡֽš
ʲô˻ɫֻҪܿУ
ϣСºĽ죬С϶׼ʱտ
»ƵĽ̯Ҳˣ˳ر˼ҡСһ̵ٶȣṦȻΪӡ
ϽԼһһҹƺ˾ͷеصԼСѣ͵øа
й鼱УȻҪġ
ƽ¼飬СʿɽҰŷȻذڼݻعˡ
ԶԶؿһ·õɪɪλƵǰæڴʦɣεҡҡͷ̾ԼƤСʦ֪ܲռʲôˡ
СǸСԺӣⱾǶʦҵ˵ģΣ㱻Ƥռ˹
СԺʮģڽɽҰֵĵضΣƽܷСʿҶϲ尮լӣϧûе԰
ԺмùǸмɷǵĶʦҵֲġ
ʱ֣ˬ֮ʱ
ӯĽŲԺ֮ʱͻȻһɲŻŲ·ض㵽źͷԵԺڿһ
ԴӽΪ֮ҲΪղԼһ죬Լ˵ľ
ϰڹ֮󣬺ôȻࡣ
̽ͷСسԺڿһۣСʿðһ亹
ֻСԺӵеʯʯϣһ˫۵СŮֻʱԺͯûһ˿һϧֵľºΡ
λȻš˫ɷ֮Ƶ½½Сħͷˡ
ֻλСڣһһȣר־ضԸļȣЩҿ
ôСʦ廹ûЩ˵ù̵ߺߣÿ
նǣʲôÿģ
Ҳ֪ȵ˵ʱ򣬲Ƕô˵𣿡
ͨͨ
ļȰɡ
亹һһ
Լִθոʵֵͷڿûʱܺ档
һͷתţֱǰԺС
ѣΪ룬мҲܹ鰡ңҡǹյļȣTM㰡
Сʿ档
û˹鴦ҶмģڹһΡ
ߵǰȴȴ˵ӣشߴ˹ȥȥмڱҴ˼ɨӡϲͷӡŵšһһҰܵåơ
ȥʲô
еӾҶһѾ͸ק˹ͷ˷ʵô£Ĵˣ
קסĵ֮ǰѹû滹ôһСˣקסӲţɵüиյҰСӣˣ㲻һϽȥҸϽſ㡭ףССʦ壿
ֱʱλקסĵӲŷֳԼŵģȻԼСʦҶ
ҶʱҲϳ˱ԼסԭʦֵͽܣʲôģˣʦֵĵӶǹ¶ԴõʦֱӾͰʲôϲơ»֮ĵš
ɲϽģʲô
ҳӣСʦ̸˼Ѫһ˷쳣Ź⡣
ң⡪»Կ죬ȴҶòС
߱˵ȵòͷֱӾס»ǰ󣬾ǰȥ

֣ǵ⣬Լѧ꣬ճɹҡ
ȻֻʮͣѾеȭ֡οһǰԼ߳ɹ˽գǵˡ徳ڶ족ĵزϼأҲӢˡ
Լԣѧ书ȻҪҫһˣεĶҲڶˡ
һǸԼС꣬ȴ쳣˸󡢰Լñ׵ĺ֣뽾Сһֱ顣
Լһ˫֮úʵƣ±㰵⣬һɴûй֡
յģƵġ
֣վƹſڣݺݵشȭͷ
֣룬кŵƤ֣вƣϼҲһλϵĵطǿٺ֮ͽһھ֡ļҶĳҼԺ߸̺ɵ̡ڵطк
֣˼һһŮϴ֣϶֣֣룬СŮ֣ޡ֣ӣżǵطǿƽֺУ競ӣƫӺöȭţһϲ
ƫƫϲ֣Ҷ󣬻һǰͷӡˡҲȻϴ֣ޱĹҲûٸɣ֣ȴиھ֣ԶʱûٶŸɡ
֣ˣȻˣƢӻû˻Թʮ꣬ԹԹг𱨳ʮֵ׳ֶ꣬ӣ٣ã֣ţ϶ϣСС׽ɱ
֣ӱСҲ²̣ͷϾСӹҲ磬ʹû찵ء
˸֣鳤꣬ҲǸ֣ռƣƫҪԵÿÿñס
һúˣڴ£ӣһֱʤһ֣סˡЦһʮĺһС⸱ģֱ֣˵ɨء
ϽʰϼسһݣʦѧաúүҲϼسǣǸңչ֣룬似϶ָ㡣


032 භ
⡰ݡط˽֮ĳҲһʲôɣĵһֻǮ̹
֣ΪԼôһȽѧա֮Ҳǽ죬ǰǰȥһǧٶ֣֮ڽ徳ڶ족Ϊһߣѧһײ׵似̱ؼǸԩұˡ
ĸҶ֣뵽ƹǰ̧ͷ˿ϸҶƹۡߺһЦ벻겻Ӹ䵽ﵱ˵ʿˣҲ֪겻ܵĹû£̫磬ӱ㣬㺰һүҲͰˡ
ػ˻ԴŲӰڳһ竵࣬лӿѧģƵģҲ֪ѧ񡣳Ӻȵˣ˳үңǰ󡪡
үү˵ˣ̫
ƨүҴСǸ˵ģúʰʰⱲӶҺ
ˣСүĻ
һӻūģļҶԽڶվ£صǵشȵƹܴĸš
ǰֵСʿһλסˣ٣λʲô˼ƹ۰ʮûôһİûüǰѯʣֻǸҶ֣үƹ۰ݻᣬ־³𻰣֣үֽ̣
һ׽п˵ǰ죬ƫƫ滹վŸҡͷԵİӡŵСʿһҴܵģһҲ˷ܵצģҲûȥͨһǰţһæعȥˡ
ѧŵû˼ˣܹ񫣬仹Ҵˡ
ܻعСʿһ·˷ܵĴ˴ˡǣСʿ˷ܵ˻ˡ
ãһĻöܡ˫ɷڹϹҶ˸š
֣˲һᣬⲱӾͻƵеˣһүķ治õŲӱԹ֮ʣƹ۴һӣӿʮСʿһ㽶ĺƵģֱУﻹʲôɨ㡢ϲšߦ֮ģкҲ򣬺һ¾ͰԼ⼸˸Χסˡ
֣ȻϰгɣҲǡ徳ڶ족ˣ߻ĸ£Ҳֵ֣ܴƴĽͷúȻʮСʿһδӣ˫ȭѵְЩСʿг˵ӣͷɶżһأһ˿ĭ֣밵Ժڲдǰľƺеˡ
٣١үܡܰɣ
ϵļҶƲ˽ŵĨ͵˼ô˼һ⣬ҪԼˣⷹɾˡ
ܣܸƨүսɳˣ
ò˵ҪⶼҪܣԺɾûսˡٰٴϼ££
뵽˴֣뵨ٿȻһ׳ӵƢˡ
˵еӻҲСʱ򰤴򰤵еƤˡ
֣ͼˣĻ֮ʣһ޴ɤŴȺߺ˹
ӣҪHûүǰҲҽүûûƤСȹӣǿӡҲҳүʹүûУ
ȺһһӵС˴˳
¡
ڳ֣֣ⱾеϰµС෴˵ˡ
Ϊ֪ԼһȻƤҲ棬ֻҪ˺ţǾһһľ棬е˫ֲ
ɤӣ֣Цɵߺߣڿϳ㣬λ㱨ġ칫û˵ģ³ɺһɡ
ѽ겻ƢƤáүɽǡ
˵꣬³ȭͷͳ֣˹ȥ
һ˿Ц̳֣ϡɢ֣һԳ»벻⣬ֻ֣ڵһţش𣬶ãͬʱһµȭͷһ죬ؿھһƣ¸æȭһ֣ʽδϣ㵥һ紩һ㣬ֱƹ»ӵȭͷͬʱΪȭȻһ죬ؿڡ
֣һ£ʵֻһȻ˹֣һŵʱ㱻õɳȥһ浹ڵϡ
֣ȭ𣬵ǳȻЦôɵӵȭͷζɣ
ߣ벻겻Сѧô־˿ĭ˴·Цǲϧ̫Сǡ
֣ɫһ˵ɣɵүҪʰġүѾһ·ˣУǡ徳ڶ졯ˡ

ԱΧ۵һʱ󻩡
ͨ˸߸һΣǿҲӵߵĶ֣֡ǰѰƣĲⳡȶͲƽ
˼СʿһҪԿתܻعҵֵʦȥˡ
ؿڣƵĸоȷʵܣû˽ǣԼӦûܵס
뵽˴һЦ֣䳰ϲ˰ӣߣ֣ðˣϧ
ϧʲô
ϧǿƣȭͷǡ
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ǳ˹²ʾȥһȭ֣һ㣬һȭϣ֣һݣȴ²棬Ƹһ¶һȴǴҪ˶˲һᣬȻء
ƵһɲǣֻԴ˵һӣǰһȻ
ãҪΡ´󾪣һģ͵һڵҧͷȻʹ´ӼʵıԵ˻


033 սս
Ѫ˫֧ϥǣһѪĭӣݺݵض֣룬ݺˣʵȴѹ˵
֣ʱ̤ʵˣ²ߣȻԼĶ֣˶󣬰Ȼ˵ôɣɵһߣʲôɶ˵ģ
ľȻ˻Դƽ˵һߣˣһǣһôˣ
TMҪôô߶ǣʲô񡭡֣ɫ࣬˫ǰ˫һ죬ָ⣬ڳˡᡱʽ˵ɵǼˡȻ㲻ãסഩơôĿͷ⣬ɱȴʲôȭӶ˼ˡ
ģ̫Χƹڵһʱŭߣ첲ӾҪȥ
ѽǣôţƹ۵ӢۺúǣУҪˣåȺŹһǰɣаɡүҪǣүԺǵա
֣ʱҲѪȣƤԸһҲǸ첻ߵ
վס³ӣȻȵλʦ֣ס֡£ʦһ˵˭֣˭Ҫǲ֣Ժֵܾûõˡ
ƹһӣ϶һ𳤴ģһѣ˾ԹۣճʲôСĦҲǹڵ飬ڶԴϣƹ۾ԵŽᣬûжġ
Уʦܣǹܶˡ
ԣûô۸˵ģƨõһѵܴõǴң
ԣ¸򡭡
СʿȺ鼤ܣĹʲôɣȻԼֵܶ§ˣһʱеĹ˼ȫԺ󡭡
ס֡ƹҪǰ֮ʣȻһȣʮ㣬˲ȫ
˻ͷһһɫ
ԭȴǵֵɵ˸˹ʱֹ˳ͻķ
Щˣڸʲôôڹǰ򶷣еĹһĶôס֣عУÿ˽ɾдʮ顪£Ҷִܣҹա
ʦ壬ҡ
죬ҹȥ
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ɵҲΪ룬ҴҸϵ֮ʣø˼³ԿҪȺ֮
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Ҷӵ13ܵ㣬һ̼ѧĶһѧĶһᡣ
̾ʮӴԪ²⣬Щ֧㹻õԼΪˡ֮ǰ
Լܴ߶ʮӴԪԼС๦ġʮ칬˵ûٴͨѨٿ칬
Сʿ˿ȵϰ֮С
ƽƤСʦ岻ˣƹеõе徲ϰߵΪӦ
ÿϰӲϣֱøĸСʦϰмġֻõԺȥԼʦˣˡ
һʱ֮䣬ƹле
Сʦ忪ʼϰˡ
Ϣһȫ۾ȡ
ƤңСʦ徹Ȼ书
λʺҪŵСʦ壬Ȼż裬䲻ݣ
ôϢ˵λеˣļλʦҲš
ʦģһ׽˵á֣תߣԼӶû࿴һۣ
ʦ㲻ģһ飬ߵʱüĿЦԴԺʳպĵʿأʦרŴԺʳⲻϣ
ʦģ˼齣ĬȻݲݼ¼½еı仯ȥͿʼоˣһղټ
ʦˣµǾ͸Сˡ
ÿ峿˶ʱʱܿСʦڷСʦ壬ƨɺҲܻŶҵ档
ƺκնܹȾġ
ɴڼеͬŵҲУƹһʱ֮ѧΧΪŨ


038 ҹɽ
ۼϰңʦֺʦָÿӽ֮ˡ١ͬգͬΡһ˹ÿ춼ҪصĶơ
һӣϻ𹤵һʮˣĶУһͬ䣬ʦ˸ıġԪĽġʮ
ڹڹķˡԪ񹦡֮⣬ûķԪ񹦡ɫ̫ԣǰᣬֱӴڸͨ˵ӣܣй¶ݡ
ͬʱԪ񹦡Ͼǡ̫Ԫ񹦡ǰڹǵꡰɽɾܾʹ״ڸͨ˵أ
֮ǰڵϰ䣬ԵһڹԪΪףһֱԴ˴õУĶˡԪ֮󣬹ڵӵһӣҲڼʶĲ
˵УǰжͻƳɹУΪߡ
˸ı䣬ƹۿʼ׹۵ɣһʼʽŴɷչ
µӳòɡһ棬ʵҲǺϡƽ飬ЩλʦˣԵıչϰ䣬ĴСһɴ
Դӿ̫ȭԪ󣬸дĴ󣬴쿪ʼһֱչزר¹֮⣬ƺԴľΪҲɶļ
ǸգͬʱҲһѧţҲԶʮͷͳΪߵȼ״֮һҲͲѧ̫Ԫ񹦡еǰ㹦
ϵΪչز
ͷʦŴȣϵ׳ˡ
ƹ۵ı仯ǴϵµģʱΪƹʷΪڷܵĵӡСʿһڷܿȻûʶƹ۱仯Զ塣
ʮգѷ
ɽ⻷ƣǰ
ʱֵ£٣һ峿
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δҰӵ£֮ǰһۣӻˣԺ˼죬ϵ˻ûȬȲسҵ¸ɡ
峿Ŀʡ
´һĹǷһ֮һʱЩʹ޴󰭡
MDڴһһ£ĹͷˡϴһܴģĹ񫡣
ڵ֮ʱ۵һ£¾Ҳײһ򣬶ײԼ֮˵˸ƨգԼԴʹ
ͷˣ¿Цãûк˵˵ƴϰǺòˣͷչɽȥԼˤ
СƴһԴһίί˵ԲסԲסʦ֣Сʦ˵ˣúϰڹҵ۾ܹκõġ˵ˣúõͻȻվסˤһӡ
Ƥǲ»˻ȭͷΪƺۣƴϸε̾˿ӺҪд־д£֪Ҳ۸Сˡߣɵˣʶүȭͷ
֪ƣӲƴСʿҲΪ⣬ٺֱЦʼɨء
±Ŵɨбڴԣ˵ʦŴǸϲˣź
ˣ꣬ʦǶʮˣʦֶʮˣ˭԰û͵òãЩɨءƴһԹһɨŵء
ߣƴһŵͷɻƴϣ㵸رȻһȭ˵ʦܴؼ˵أ
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ǰһ̾
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һ뵽Щߵӣ²ɵһ̾
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ֱУս˳ǿˡ
ƴ˦˼ͷɻ
ɨ˰죬ͻȻײһ¡ͷһȴ£㲻ȥɨǱߣң
ʲôʲôһߣһֱɨģ˵񲻺ðɣ㻹Ҷɨɾˣ㻹ɨʲôµɴ˫ۣ໺
ôƴϵȷ񲻼ãҲ֪ǲԼɨ˵طŶǶԲ𰡡
ȥɨһߣǿǵЦ⡣
Ŷ
ƴɨѣһִͷɨ
һߵ̵
ƴϴɨ͵ЦʱһȻĸɽ´
գԻգ
˫۷硣
ڤڤһͬ
񹦣ͨ
С
δͨ

ȴһס˼ɡ̬˵Ʈ鶯һɫӰʼ˻ɽ£֮ʱȴѵ˹ǰ


039 Į
ʮģ񣬾ֹϴƲ΢΢СһɷԸȳƣһɫĵۣϴȻףԼΪɾشʻһƺ«һϮۣɷ֮ƴһɳ֮ȷۡ
Ŀӹ֮ңɫΪƹ۰ƹۡ벻һ𽫽꣬죬ֻˡ
ʩ
˸пǧ˫ۺʱһù˵ĳ˼ͷһһüĿСʿŸ۾ǰ
Сʿƴϣƴۼɽʱвǿ㾴֮ʱϰߵǰȰˡ
ʩʱ磬ƹδ۷㣬ʩԺ󡭡ѽû˵꣬ԴѾһǱ˼ϤִЩϷʵ
˵ƴϰ겻ûת

ƴһˣƶԣϤ⡭ȴίʵ벻ֻô۾ǰۿû뵽ƨ̱һţһĵ̶
ٺ٣ٺ٣ӭҶʦɽ¼ʦ
ɽֺ֮Сһѵ±ϳˡƹ˵ĶӣҲǶȻϵСҡ
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ǰ£βŭ򵨱һִݻԼĻߣֻãֻá
һŲӵĴŬؼЦ⣬С۾գգͣһ֮ɫ
Ц£òͷ
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Ϊ̫ƴϵСؤ˸ȫǳɱ˲Сƴŵ˵仰
Сؤ죬ǰУͻȻҽһڵϡ
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˭֪СؤһѣСƴϽŲģˤȴСؤǿҧԼǿ
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Сؤһӣȴɨƴϵգžһ죬ֱһĴ͡
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Сƴ˼Ƕ⣬еȻۼǰ߲ǵӰĳһɵҪǰ
Ϲӣ𿪡һѿ۵´һһѽƴൽһԣƲȵTMDͷĵ¿ηΣ¿ʲôҪҪȥ
Ƣ𱬣СؤҪʦҵУʱȥͶСؤһȭ
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˵޴ǰСؤһѣ˭֪СؤþȻӦֶڵϡ
ѽǡƤһװǰɡ
￴ֻԼһԷ˳ƵأˣթƤҪڴ˶Զȣɵһ˲ŭգȥҪţȴϸƴƴһߡ
ʦ֣ʦ֣˾㲻ǶʦҵȵˣҲǸˣαΪ
ƴϣҸʲôҿͷ˵ôûһƢİæ⹷յľȻɿĶ⣬㶼УúúãҲˣˡҪúˣȥ㡣˵겻ƴϣһߵ´ʯϣ׼˯ϧзߺ޵Ҫȥ˯ֱӱת˸۲Ϊ


040 ¶Ф
ƴӺףٺһЦµΪҲգߵСؤߵһȴ˹ȥ
ϹۣСؤ˼ޣµһƣȴ;ƿݵСؤҲֲסˤ˹ȥ
һСؤСؤԵúᣬҲͬƴܹһ˰öġ
ιæ򲻵ѣֻǸæ
¶ס䣬Ҳ
ûа취ƴֻԼСؤҲ˲ζţôСؤһ첲ȥ
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ƴϵϥأϥһʱʹ̣ʹüϵأƴȴԼϥǶѵˡгĵƴͻмһɣԼϵĸ첲̧
ͷһæĲ»ĸ
ºٺһЦδԣ㱻׵һ䣺ʲôǷģڡҷţ½Сؤ˱ϣſٺɵЦƴŭҲ֪ϱǷʲôⱲˡޣùô
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ƴ֪Ƶ»æһ꣬ʵµΪˡ
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µǲ˼һͷһϾСؤΪԼƵʵģ˵Լж󣬵ƴԼڵΪԹֱ¾壬ЩжƴϵӰ
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շתƬ̣ô˼֮»ɶʦԼΪãӿҲʲô⡣
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ֻɵûǣ߳ŵʱ򣬻˯ڴϵСָᶯһ£ţһ˫۾˿

Ф壬塣
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ֻǸӣҲ꣬Ҳ꣬˭֪أФԼҲûмɽĺӿûйյϰߣֻҪӶûˡ
Ϊݿ߾ɽһͨԻĺӣФӼ𣬱ԻĸɽˣæǰﲻֻſڸױϿԣ񣬻ǳ˻ߢĢҰʲôġ
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СФСԸ㣬ȻԼɽԸҰ޵İ취ɱ˼ˣҲ˳еע⣬󼸴δɱûгɹԼ㶪
Σʱ̣һ˾ԼһϮһѳĵʿƲ΢̵ĺԵüΪŵ
ĽһĲ
ǴεСФⱲӶǡ
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ŵˣһ·߻ȥ
óʿϣ֪Ѷˡǣ֣հ졣


041 
Фһ·ŵʿ
˶ʮ죬ˮϽеļ鷢ùͷʲôûгԹû͵ṳ̂ʵ˯Ϊ¡Լ˯֮ʱ˻ĵ뿪Լ֮ʱȴΨһһץסģԱĻôʧʱ̶ŵˣͷ·ǶŴ㣬ضš
ʮ죬ǳˣҲ޷ŰԼ־漣ģСФˣԼ־н֮ʡ
ڣŵʿһۡ
ҪﵽˣСФѰεˡ

ججУ˫׺ͽײͣǰ֣ԼͣȥͣػٻǵȵԼ˵˵ЦЦԽԽԶǿԼԼֻ¹µСФ壬ƴصıţ׷šһжͽͣŵͽ㽥нԶʧ
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ʧˡ
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СФȷ˾СѾ˶Ҳµ˲ˡ
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ܵۻԺչгɡµСФ壬ļˡ

ƣһĺӡ
ǵСʿԼԺеϣյؿ顣
ģ֮ǰӡĺƷ¼½ġ¼϶һС֡桱
һڡ桱ġ¼ˣԼһ¸˸ɾִʦ֧10ӣ50ͼؼǮ
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ڡ뢡ʮӥġӥ磬Ͷ˳͢ɽͷְݡǺǣ벻ҲаݵϷ롣
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һʱḁ̇̄ǡ֮ʱڡ̥ǡҪӴٻԪľ޴ںġʮеľԪ̥ǡģѾĳɡ
ÿȫķ͡Ԫ񹦡ݣ˾ӴԪ֧֣Ϊ˵һǧҲΪ
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ԼѧΪͻͽȴиֺ
Ϊ֪֮£ɹ֮Ωһڡֶѡ֪илߺֹǧܹߣָˣһԸ֮ˡ
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ҵ˱տڲԣȴ͵סҶ˼͸ѰʦžԢ²˾ŲʮֻȻʦΪҶʦŵİţȴǴشҶȻٶ׸ԣС˼ȴԼĴ㡣˵ڣֻԼٶҲı䲻ʦľͽ޹Լ£ҪԼԸ
ʦֵܶ˸ջҵ˰̾ʦĸհԶȻᶨսɲĵľġ
СʦܣǣҴڿھķ
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ҵ̾СʦܹȻ˼ݣƪھΪӲ࣬żǵȫΪֻ飬ǵø߰˷֣ΪĽ
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ֹһʱŽƪǧֵķھǿ
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ȻЩԺҵȴǸΪȣ벻ԼСʦܾȻ˵ȵزھԭļǵһֲںҲ򣬼Լһָ·Ҳ˸߰˰ˣԭҪʱһҵʱ䣬˷ϴڽʱҲӡ
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ԽǸ߼ĹԽۺպԼӦýѧ¼Ŀ궨λЩѧ֮ϡҶһεѧѡᣬζܹиԼ似Ͷԡ
Сʦܣķھɼǵ
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ȻˣٵԺУҽ˽ڸ㡣
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ҵ˹һЦγԺУֽʴ棬˵ס˽ʦݡ׾ݱʮԶа˽ÿа˸ƣʮʽÿʽа˸仯һʮС׾Ǭ롢ޡ㡢ҰԣǬΪ죬ΪأΪˮΪΪףΪɽΪ磬Ϊ֮Ӧ˽ֳơ졢ءˮ𡢷硢סɽ󡯰˽ҽձ㽫˸ơʮʽһʮб仯һ飬֮Բֽ⡭СʦܣʱޣҪϸ
ֻҵ˽ֱڱ׿ȻԺУ紵һϮɫ΢΢ֵ׿ȻȺ
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Ŀ֮ʱͻȻһΪأһϺȴ˽ء־
㣬ʮӣҵ˽ʱ׶죬ʱ磬ʱһʱȪ
˽ʹؽԾһʱ裬ݺᣬѾȫ֪ԼεأֻýâѹأԼ羪κ֮еһҶۣ޴
ҵ˽һգѹ֮ʱֻԼʪ͸ˮ̳һ㡣
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ֻҵ˽Ķ֮⣬ԡ硱־Ľ࣬۲֮ʱֻһʱӿΪˣֽҵ˵ʹйоأȴ־ӡ
ҵδȫ򽣷Ȼ޷ý֮⣬ֻ⡰־ϵ򣬱ҶĶࡣ
Լߣҵʩչ֮˸һеĽ⣬˵ҵ˵Ľ˵̺Ľ
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ʦֲߴ̡
ģСʦܣʱ࣬ձ㵽Ϊֹ㽫ڹķģ糿ʱڰ˽
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ǰҵˣҶܻ˷䣬ļ׼򿪡ŋ翸󡿹ۿһ
һĬĬŋ翸¼ѧ˽͡񹦡˽ʾɫǿѧϰģ񹦡ȴʾΪɫĲѧ
ΪʦֵĽ̵ԼһҲˡ˽ӰɫƷѧ̶Ϊѧէֵ1
εһռ༶ѧ񹦡༶Ʒѧ15ܵ㣬ͬʱǵһ¼༶ѧϵͳ15ܵ㣬˽༶Ʒѧ10㼼ܵ㣬ѧļ룬Ҷһ40ֻ֮ܵ࣬һΣ㳬Խ֮ǰü֮ܵܺ͡ǰʣ28㣬Ҷһ68ܵˡ
һҹ֮䣬֮ܵ죬ҶҸÿҪˡµõΡ༶ѧѡᣬҶѡ
¼ġ˽ֻҪԼһķ12ܵ㣬ѧ᡾˽
ʱҶûôȻšŋ翸󡱿ŽԷֱӻõġҶ˵ȻһʱΪ˶Խθպ¶Լڽһ;ϵ̽кҶ޵Уѧϰš˽յľ裬ţָ򣬽ԼպܹʦżΪشĴٽá
˺գÿҵ糿ԼҶĶСԺУڡ˽Ľ
Ҷϡס˽֮һӴҶ㱻н̺֮Ľ۷
ҶԴδй֮ѹեһǱͬһ㣬ƴҵ˴ڵĽ
ⲻΪԼΪʦš
Ҷʦŵľ飬Լ»һ汦һ㣬ʦֵ֮߸󣬱رǽʦŵѪһݵ
ҲҪչ˵ķҾ˱Ҳ˺ҵʦţҵʦʦֺЩɰʦֶǡҪԼøǿҪ˱ͬʱҪˣһϧС
һҵڡ˽ϵĸҶѧϰŽٶȼΪˣʹ֮似̶ȵˡСɡ63
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048 ½ɽ
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СʿɽȥիϵʿнɽµŮϻǧҪ㿪
һ磬һαĵ߰Ķʮ͸˻ɽ֮䣬ȸسһʱ䣬ҷɣĽһ̤ȸͼ
лиССļ䣬أлҶҲЩȥ۲Զ½Ҵ壬׸ϹĵȡعСҲʦ˼̫Ĵ⣬ٽˣŷԼʱķ۱ӿ˺öûа취ֻʱ˼ҸϹڳ걻ɽ֮еҶ˵Ǽ˵¡
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ǶӺβʱ򣬽βٴӴ͸ͿԻɽˡǰǰòʱҲûʲôΣա
꣬ɽзԲʮķΧڣֻɽ׼ͱϾɱҰ֮ΣնˣûЩ޵ټȻСҲݻʲôΣա
ɽĺҰˣСɽȥģ³ʲôΣա
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ɽɽ·ἸԾٶһʱΪѸݣһЦֻԼṦ׿Խԣмֹ·͵ζ
ϧԼʲôṦҪŲԽĸо
ļܵȻڻܵĽ׶ΣûһκζҶܵﵽ68̼ѧһ1Σ༶ѧһ2Ρ
һнչĶ˳Ȼٶüܵ㣬ڻø߼ѧ޷һŸʵߣԽԽˡ
˵ģзԭĶ࣬һֻǰɹ켣ܱʶýɹӣʼѶȲС׾٣뿳ȾͿȣ뿳Ϳ򡭡бĿ˵СʿѾһ˼ĵز
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һСۡʩΪ߱Ҫһ޹ҰȻ͸ĵĵģڱȫ޷ش̽ڣԷʩ߶ӵʶǳʹԷ书ǿ֮Ҳ¶ϸ
Ҷһ伮￴£Ҳ֪ϲûʲôͨĵȴѧǱתѾ̽Ѱѧˡ˺УҲõѧұЩħĵ֮һˡ
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ҶȻѧΪŵȴġӣ᱾̨һδǳҶѾһȻѣ˵ˣһûûεԸĶûˣϳһӦ˵ҡȻ̬޹ҰбǷ
½ʵһũƽʱΪһǣ࣬üչμһһʱΪۣ֮ԽĽԽǲơ
½ʵʱзոԼ˵İѶ͹Ϊӣ֪⻰һСûСԼСɽΪʳˣӣǩ鵽ĶɽͲΪԼʲôɡСҪ߹ʱﲻҪӿզ졭


049 һ
һ뵽½ʵĻʲôйԼĶæͷ˵Сˣ˰ũл֪ǳոյĻСǧȥ
ţʲôҶеͿˣûղ½ʵĻʲô֮⡣ҲѹҶ˴Щׯ˵˼Щ⣬ܰľͰţֻǮޣЩǹ¶۶ͯѡε÷ϸùģʷǳӵܡ½ƶһԱ
ڹֳ԰ʳô⣬ҶǸﲻܵȻЩ飬½ʵĻ˵˵û˵Сʿûȥ
ѵװͿ½ʵũ񣬵ũҲũǻֻۡǵͷЦղŵĻȴҲˡ
λСҼҶһҲСɰɣ
Ҷ΢ЦСƹеĵʿ
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ֲһѽһģ
һġ
һģ
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һԵҶҲ岻ϻüëһһģϹ٩
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ϽϽŬŬģûϵɣŬˣҲܸһְôҲҵҲɲֵܡ
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Ŵ·˶·ڣֻԶǸʵǴó档ƽ˶Ĵ׳ɣž٣ӵصɸߣźôһƬطһ֧Ჱӵ֦ϣŽһСľĸ֣һ
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һ̧ͷһ´Сʿ˳ظ˹Ȼߵ˴֮£ɵö˲軨ӭӣ˵λСЪš֪СǷֽ䣬Ϻõķھơõţ⡣³ԣҪʱкôͷͺ


050 
СʿɽֻΪԣȻ˼ɡ
Сƹ۳ңһ̣ͬ޵ȫһɾ⡣
ϣǸãʮĴţ⣬죬ڼζʮ㡭
ãúáС÷ģǵУ֪ţĺô
ϣϣС׾ûĳ͡ԲסԲס
СЦҲǡϾϴԷǻԼʱСһ˭ܼǵ
Ҫ2ϡõţ⣬һСϪķھƣССͣһ
Ϫϵ겻ųǡһţװһŵ̳УһǴ⣬һǽͷԣãõϺõһ࣬СҶϣһ磬ɷǲˡ
ȾƲ룬ȥáĳԷͷ̵ѸСŵһֱλүͨڳˣƻûأⶼû˿ˡ
ԴҶڹг֮ʳþˡ
Ҫ֪˵һÿ춼Ҫʳִ󲿷ֶάתÿʳ֮ϾһЩ࣬Ҫôų⣬ҪôǶڻõ֬иһصɢ֫ٺУʱʧǽЩγڿ˵УҶʳü󣬱ڹ澫ı֡Щڹɵĸ֣ʳһţҲʲô˾ȵ顣
޾ƣ
һϾҶһһ¶ǣһãһ̾һ񫣬񫡣
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һԣɺԡԷһѡõϪˮеһֺϺȡϺ⣬õ廨һͬ棬Ƴˮ֮Ϻһ죬еֳɺĺɫһڣ֭֮ԡһ־Ȼͬζ
Ҷ֪־ԣֻɽһʳҪŵˡ
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СʿͷҲ̧ɨ
ʱȻ죬ϷȳʪϸԳǵʱõñϪˮ飬ľˬڡȣθѿʳҲôȡ⡰ԡ֮һֲõԶŸôƵʫˣҲһ͡
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ԼСʦһƵı飬ʯЦøǿ
СʦܣĪҪաʦʦǽضԶǧ򡪡ǧ̫棬Ҳ̫ϰ᲻ᰡֻҪҸطһţȥֻҪ𵽺ɧУ
˵꣬ص˼򣬴Цˡ
ȥʲô˰
Ҷʹһ죬а泤ëﳤݵʦֵڰ˱ʺ˸顣
Զʦֺ񵭵Ц⣬ͷοʦֺǵƽĶŵģ˽ʿʱ޿̲һ鼮Ҳ֪ڶЩʲôʱܳԼЦһЦʾοѾǼΪ׽ıˡ
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055 ͯ೤
ջ䣬һޱȴд󺮵𣺡Сʦܣʦͽ˰ǺǺǣСʦӦʦĵĺܡ
ţһḧһɵӻζƮͬʱһȻݴǰϸ˵ֵĻҼұһëⱲӾͲͷˣΪûͷ᣻ҼұһƤⱲӾͲվˣΪûƤգֻǼ䣬Ѿ亹ˡ
װʦһЦ˵СʦܷģԺǵĳԺöȣȫʦԽ֤ǹõĻʳģҶСʦܿǷĵúܣ
кһðٿһⳬûʦ㣬ܸɳκʱԼôܴӦӹɽء
ԶĴʦһͬģҪǰȰ˵䣬ȴͻݡʦֱۣϴקˡ
ͬĴʦֻ֣Ƭ̵ػ֮У¶һĪı顣
ް
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ĶףȻдȫѹеŭۻûԶʦ㣬Ĳƺ
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ⳡΨһص㣬ʦŴ֮ƹ۷պɽȫ۵ȫϰ䣬ⳡȵʦŵ츳һ䳡ѡεӣɼʦֵʮޣôս׼ʮ֮ʦŶɽɽš
СʦܣСͯҲʦһΪΪҪ񡪡ͷ
ʦֺʦСħͷ˫̥ûʱտ
ʦУǵ
ʦУܵ
ʦУ鷳
ǣСʿƱĴˣ׶԰İ೤µеڣܹ߸ƽͲĺӱίи
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һίı飬ȫѼһ԰οԼˡ
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׼ȵûüڣ㱻ԼĶʦһ仰Ԩ
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С۾գѽգѽһͯ棬ȡͬ顣
ԼŰɣ˵꣬ת뿪
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ǶУǶļͥǹ¶֮һĪиУǺܴܿһƬеηһһ˶Լ
ФƷرһϵĮɷúǺܲӦһߵǰĪģФƷΧһյشûԸ߽ȥһûԸ⿿ǸҰһк
ЩǣΪФƷĴڣ˺ЩʱҲСФָָ˽ֹܿȥʱҹ˾Ͱ˯ȥ
ôԲܹͬͥһԵݡ
֮أΪ࣡
Ҳ˼ͲεԸ
ЩϾܿԸеļͣСԹˣͬĺӣҲҹ˶ʧߣź衣һƬž
ЩԼһĺӣФƷ˼ǧǵФƷ򵥵Ķ࣬ҲΪҸΪǵЩ˻˫ףмң
ҲФƷ׵ĵطΪҪ׸ĸƹмĵطΪӣΪѧϰգ书Σ׷ˣ
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ФƷĽǡǿԼҸˣǹ¶ҲûʲôصѹԼǶôܹӵˣϧұ䣬Ե컯Ūˣ
ÿĸ˫ǰǴȺ͵Цľͻ类Űʹ
˫ǰٰǻСФȴδΪǸɹʲôԼĽ㣬ǰ裬˫ʱ̳ԼǰƺΪʲôΪʲôԼǲԶĵطڵ£ֵ̿ؿҶҳҡ
У㣬ʱ򣬽һڱʱΪԼеһ£˺ͣشӵʱرԼҹĸ˵ǽ㣬Լûˡ۰ԼĽ㣬֮ʣԼͶڲԶô裬ԾôţʲôҲû
СƷغԼûţʹš
ΪʲôԼʱͦΪʲôԼͲ¸һ㣬ʵһѣΪʲôԼô˵ʹ࡭
СƷ彫ͷϥ֮䣬ʹؽ߬ȭͷʹԼܣʹԼųʹԼľʹԼΪʲôš
Ծ䣬յ˫ָ֣֮УѪֱСФ壬Ȼ֪
ԼŵĿģΨбѣ
һҪ
ǣڴδ֮ǰʵһ߽Ȫ꣬׻Ҫٿ顢ɣ尾
̫²͸죬̫²͸ˣΩгڰרĿ˼
˼УһƮȻָּ䣬ͷꡭ
ԼһֻܱҪԼ书һܱ
㱼䣬˻ͷòһһЦݵ꣬ǰɱ˵ĽϣģѪǰż㣬΢ЦŶԼ˵Сֵܣμ棬㡪
СƷȻǲʱĸ㣬ʲôζˣֻǵãӦԼԹζĶˡ
ڰеɺ䡣
֪УСФ߬ȭͷ
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056 ɱӺ
һεʦŴȣʮµѮʱٽ֮ʡ
ʮ£＾ڣʪȵû˺ת
ȿʼҵʱ䡣ⳡȣΪѡ״ӵѡαϢһ֮˲ƹȻ󲨡
ȻУѾ˹Լʦ£½ƳͽƺѩŮӣʯ˳£ϲơ»٣ӣƴǺļӣոľګСФƷ塭ЩǼӣ״ӻ൱ΪҪģ״ӽøϸµĸͻø߼书иҩ֮ĺôɹﶨڹӦЩʵԵĺôԲͨĹӵеġ
Уݷѧ˶һʱۣ֮絽ٺٹ֮ڶ
ԴҶˡޱȼ޶Ҫ֮ⳡҵġʦŴȡ˶ᣬʱ޹ˡ
ʱ˿̣ҶԼĶСԺУλίеĵˣȫλվһţСʦѵ
ͷβλСڿ˼飬ԽԽͷۡ
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Ŵ飬氲Ե½
ӣ߱һͷͣ£
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λ֣
ԸľګһصФƷ壻
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ɵһνӰҿĺ
ФƷ壬ǵβʦֶСڻ˯Ƭ̺ĴѰҳԵģȴʶȷҵ˾ڹ֮Ҫʦѧգʦƺ֮ǰСйЭܸӶʦһ·ߵУΪͽ֮ࡣ
Ҽ־ᶨҲΪµӣȴһתֽиҶҲǶ˵ҹ֮ơ
Ǯءˣʮ̼ӵܡ
ֵأ꣬׼Ǯأ丸Ǯ֣¥ɺ¥Ĵƹһֵĳȫǣ
ݵǸ׼кǮͬ꣬Դ£丸һҵ̵Ĵƹ
ˣ۳ۼʲƣھӣ˴С飬ҵæ⣬ҸǶԱӳ谮мӣʹڹ̣ܽ˴Űطǻ
סĵطҵ֣СӲǽļҵӵˣ˭ҵӸˡֱŪòʤ䷳
ɸƹɵǰѰͽһһҧӲǾİѶӵɽǲ̫Զ·̣ƹ۸ҵҲָСѧʲôͨı죬ֻϣɽϳԵ࣬ܵ¡֪ǮƵ֮ףҲˡ
ƹ۷һɣʿҲȢӣϲҵǶ˴ҵʯˣְݣӦպƹǮʯΪѵشعС
˵һʼСӣǴ鷳ͷеġ
Сʦ壬֪кηԸ
ǰԲԲӣԲԲ֣ԲԲԴԲԲȥһţܹԶ
վվվֱ˸ҡǼţߵĸߣİֵ֣ݵݡ
һ֣ȴһۣŵòЦҶ̾һҡͷ˵ļˣ񻹶̫á
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˿ǳţȻǣƨӣƾʲôĻ
ФƷľګ䵭Ҳ֪һЩֶΣʶǮ۶࣬ʦ壬ָߣȲ㣬óԹ䣻ΨɸݵСƢԼɽһɽϴһȻǲɽ˼ݵһСƨԼǰָֻš
һѵԴǣǵɰСӴ󶯸λûأָıӣţӣٸСүװӣСүǣһţҲһ߰˸Сţӣδɣ̥ëδҲСү£òͷˣ
ҪСطֹɫϿңôôСʦ˵أתִĴָ߸һͽһ䡰үǡ
ɰݺ˼ΪָʹϧֻСӵļ飬ȴû˵ľ飬㶼ؿԼģ·ڿһ̵ִĺӡ
ʲôʦк޺޵ΪЩţӣСүǵȻֹģΪһԼңӲٴڡ
뵽޴ЦԽԽȥһȭ
֮ۡǰڹеĵǣ׷װһ䣺֣
µС췴쵼ȴʮֿġ
һʼбҪСǲеģ׼Ҹ̵ģһɱ￴༸˲ҳͷû뵽ôһͷࡣ΢ӣСӣ㵹ù㿪˭
УһشŵЦ⣬˫ֱڱȻ
ۿһȭֱǰ赭д֣׼ȷ˵ֻǶһָͷʳָ⴦һϡеұ˲ԣʹϰӵһȭǴ򲻳ȥˡ
קס䣬˳һתѱת壬Ǳ̧ƨɾһš
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ŲҽУ˸Ʋһɵ˿Уͣš


057 Сϰ
ӰһΣѾһ·ͣ˫һѹһӦ׼ȷشֻ䡣
˫ֱҽŵƨһţùδأƤ㵯𣬴׼ȷش׶ߵϡ
˫ִ󿪣Үһɸʮֹϣ͵ơơơ

Ĳҽû

߰׵ĸ߶ȣһĺ˵ֱͱڣ˶ŵȽŷˡƫƫλ̫ߣκԴһĶ¾ʹһͷȥ
һȭʼһֱλǵĺүϣৣһĶ֮ɣصֻǰһӰ˸ҽ𡭡һԳ䶨֮󣬸ոջŲһĺүˡ
СбԴʹſѼ
Ҳģһ۾קµ䣬׷ʣôô
ȴһ߿˿ĭСʦ书߰ͬʱҲţȵСʦ䡪
ϲ˻ϵĺ֣˶䣬ô˭¹вģ
䣬ֻһӰһ
ʲôвİ
ûӦǸӰһͣͨһڵأˣͷϸһȴǮء
ֻʱǮһմ˷ģһŷ˶˶ԲǱˮɱ˻ʦ尡˰Ϊͽɣ
˵ץסĿűǲţһѱ顢һľĨ
ǮأһиӵܣƽԺöȲЩ͵ֻΪ˴̼˷ɽԭΪֻǼԼķӣû뵽һɽŻ񵽱ˡ
½书ߵͣһǷɹı׼˭ͷأ
Ī
ż塰б˲ռ˵ĴͳСǮصһʱǵľ
Ÿѧ򣬴֡
ʯ֮䣬ô
ҶۼƷҲǰһΪŵ˸ȣ˻ȥĪԲˡ
ţСӣҲ
ҶΪФƷйӴ˷ʮģһһ֮䣬Ҷ
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ʦ尡ҰɡǮؿɡ
ҿ
ͷһԼĿѾǴһѱһĨ˴󻨲ģһֱġ

أСӱ˳ƨҩüŵϣû߿ⲻҪġ
ʦ壬ʦ壬Ұɡҹ򰡡
ٲ֣Сĵү㡪
˷ܣ顢ֹֹסûϲ
ʦ壬ʦ壬Ҫϰ䣬书书
ǰһϲ磬˼Ц죬˿Ǯ֮о㶼һ
԰Сʦ书ղǼУᣬ˾ͺСҲʦ䣬߱Ƚϣƾ۸Ҳóյĸߵ͡
˶е֮ǲˣβСʦ壬ѧϼ֣Ҳڻķ˹
⼸룬Ҳһ
԰һСܵ
Ժ߽ⲻ˴ɱɱۻԼһɣ
ӵģʦڣʦֶԼﵱͰûı˿ᣬίʵΪ˱һӵĻ𣬲Լ֣İﲻɲŵĵ̳ɲģȵʦŴȣҡѾѾ޵ģңߺߣҪġ
ϰ䣿
룡
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Ķϰ䣿
룡
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Ҷһ˵֪ԼΪʲô𣿡
С㿴ңҿ㣬ɫȻߣ㶼ͷʾ
֪ͺãҶɽһָɤŲɵ֣˵֪ôھҴǵʱʦô˵ô˵棬֣ǣǡҲͦˣҸǣⲻݣ簮Ƕǵ裬ǲмΪˣ׵ˣǷ׸ǸҪǣҪǣǲŻ֣ǷݣңǷ𣿡
ǡСԣСʦ˵ûĺеЩԼĴĺˣȻоôƺЩ̫ԾأŭѾʼȼˣҴȾڳÿˡ
Ҷûôˬ԰һ²֪ԭףǸԼݽ÷ŭԼƿأǸо·ǵMͳһҸС
Ҷɤͳ缴Ļɽһ㣬ѹ˵ǣڣеĿп޵ĶûõĶǷ顭ǣҪҪһ𣬰ЩĿ˵˵ǳŵ£ǵ˵ǲǷǲǱ
Ҫ
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ҶѪҺڣĿ죬ȫУ˫ۣЪ˹ãǴӽǾ͸ңȫµĹƨǶڽŵ£ǶʲôŽţʲôŽиɽֹɣ
𡪡
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Сʦ˵úã
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ĴƨҶڴӷ״̬лָ˹벻Լм͵츳ǵ˵Լܴء
һ֣Ҷ⣬һЦ
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ͷһЦ˵λʦֶ鷳ڿ˰ɣ


058 صԶ
ùңҶС˺Ժ
µƹ۵ˣ书Ψûס
ʲôѧչʾһҿ
ãʦ忴ඡ
ȴ𻰵ȻľͷһФƷ壬СһͷǮء
ԲԲǮأһվ̲סЦһ죬СһһϿõİ׼Ʒѧһȭʩչ˿
óǮŹϵõʦָ㣬ԼҲ¹һЩ๦ģҲǶ񣬶ȭķˣټʱ֬ʵ̿ѡ
һȭµķҲһ׻ġһȭˣһֳֻڣľͷһƷ񲻼õƴ֮⣬˶Цˡ
ִ֮;ضԶ
ͣͣϽֹͣ𾢵أָЩͷ۵üǣѯʵ˧磬ղСһ˫Ƴʽʲô֣ԶԣС
ʦ壬нСͻɽˡϲͣҲûϣ˵˵һһ͵ʽϧҲķǵ˴ЦѣصҲ⣬ʮصȴС
ͻɽҿĸۣ
һ£ܲס׷Цڵء
ûֱûһƵûһɢˣ

ڵϿʼˡ
·ѡһ²⣬Ҽʡ
ʦ壬ɱҰɡ
һֱЦ˲ɫһڵϣ¡
úʺѧ
ллʦ壬ллСʦ壬һһΨʦհʦ塭
Сǧлͨͨͨͷ
֮ǰһģȴ֪СǸЦ滢ԥŲ֪βû뵽Լ֮оȻ˼ƣظжǳ治֪Ϊ⡱أǡ书Եʡ
ˣˣɡ
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Сʦ壬ҲҪù
Сʦ壬ҲҿɣҲʺϵĹ̫ǿֻҪһС
Ҳǡ
Ҳǡ
Χ˵УͬС첲СȵһӺˡ
СڱѻҪͷۡ
Լװ㶣ԼڵĿӣֻԼ
ˣˣзݣзݣһÿ˶һĹģҪҪ򶨣򶨡ģҿӡ
Ӧһ֮󣬺òײС侲Լ
Ĩһͷϵ亹СӣǺöԸԼյСʦɲõ
Ȼ˴յ뷨ǾͲܻŪˣǰ￴Լļһǿ
µȻȻؿʼǴա
˼ȥվȴС似һǡ̫Ԫһǡȫķ͡㹦оǻĽʮˡ
һչڹķһڹķһ׶Եȡʤ似ˣӡ
ڡԪ񹦡ʦŵؼײ⴫ڴŹҪõʦ׼ڡС๦̣ܺ״ڳȥ˵ϰС๦ҪۺΪСΪߣȣҲûа취ѧϰŸѧ
áȻǶԸСʦѧ䣬СʦҲ˽һ湦Դڸǣ湦԰չʣպܳͬһ죬Ǿȱƪѧ湦̫ԪĿھ˭ǵúãǵΣ⡭ǵòõģǲõкóԵˣͷзûˡУʲôʱʲôʱ˯
Сһ˷ܵдеı飬ҶаˬѡԼĳСɼƻֽһ
һĽѧȫӲĶҶʾȽ̫ԪйھиСһһؿСı
ֱС֮󣬲ֹͣһѵ
ֻǵһѵҶСзֵ˲ͬСӵУûһԴӱģ̫Ԫйھһٶ֣ӻĿ֮󣬱ȫġ
ФƷƴϵļΪɳǰϵһܸİ˾Ųʮˡ
ٽ֮ǰҶÿ˵ڴһǡŋ翸еġ⡱ܣջ֮ʱ˽⼸˵;ʣԵѧ̵
һ죬ô򵥵Ĺȥˡ

Ҷֵһڹȥˡ
Ϊ˸õչ˼СģȻҲҶѾ˵ҶġСԺˡ
СԺһݣ᷿Сӣס²⡣
һСһ̣ͨ˯ǰԺԼԺСʰԼס˽ȥ
ҹ˾ʱǰԺУ֮ͨڣСѰ˯
ƴʵЩ˯ţоƺʲôһʱȴ벻ץշת࣬˯
Ե²ʱ㱻ˣûô㣿ʭ
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Ǻ˵ʲôɣ
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Ǿûˣ˯
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⣬µգӰԴԡ
ع
һҹӥУӤޡ
ء
һҹԹꡣ
⣬ҹӥܾ
ȡ
˻Ƶɤ
ʦ尡ҡҡ֪ˡ
һӰʹţ磬Ʋơ


059 Ϊ
ʮѮһƹʦŴȣڿʼˡ
ȼˣѹûгϯ
˵еʿӣνĸֵ˶ʮˣģҪԶɽھ֡ͷԶɽˣҲ֪˶ĲϵȻܹƢǿͷΪϯ˱
գǰĵӣʦΪ״ӣϧʦҪѵԼϲһŮӣûа취ʦ½ֻóͷһ˴ͽܣҲˣʦŵһ״˱ˡ
ʦŴ֮˵ƹ۱չ꣬ǰԺȻн֮£ƹۺɽΪأƹ۵רϰ䣬׼ϱΪɡ
½ɶŹٸϸƶȣɱҪٸעᱸƵľٶ½ʮֳûעᱸôͽǲģֵ֧زҵͽԣͼıڵɣΪ͢Ͱ׵ʿĴ
ԣⷬɽţպ㹻ʵ걨ɣʮƽͱ顣
֪µ̫үƹ۵ء
򣬲ϼµһ߻С򣬳һġԶɽھ֮֡⣬ûеڶעɡƫԶͼĴҲפӿ˾һ̫үе书ӵ۶вֻܿЩƽЩũˡ
һطɣӲԱٸƸΪʽۣ塢ǿޡ˵ɵĵӣϵľӡ졢ǹܡЭܡֵȵȸֽɫļ壬ǡΪ񡱵ߺִˡ
ûɵάΰ̫үܱסŲ˲඾Ͳˣ㣬Ҳͷƿɳˡ

ƹۣ׷ŵգһУϰյˣûһ˿һӰ졣
£עⱣƵȷ
أƨɸս
˼ˣʢμסľھ
徳׵ҪʲôľھҪΣΪ¯ԪΪнپң徻뵤ûвϢҲҪǵ󣬵ڵԪԼǸ¯ڵյһɶ
δʱҾȥģʲôģ֮;֮ȷ;ִ˵󡣡
ඣľԣ˯
˯֮ǰпγûһ˿˼ǡȻԣϢ࣬겻ڵΡ
յģҲұȷ˯ƣ⹷һ˯˻õҽô
˯˲ԣ˯
˯òԣ嵽ԺоϢپһҳԷ

Դˡȫķգ絽Ҷһؿ̰Ҫ߸Сӣ֣Է˯й̶ƺͺɵķ
ȫΪȫ֮棬Ȼճеһһ㶼еķš
ڽʱСʷΪпİĥʱ䣬ڽеѧȫյԼճС
ʼ֮ʱ˽Ϊ࣬ȵ˰Щ׼λ֮ȻȻϰߣҲˡ
ƹûпռڹķĿǰ˶⣬Ҳֻʤ߸״ӲŵϰԪ񹦡ùϾϼƷ̫Ԫ񹦡ŹʼʱҪߡЧʵͣʺɵͼռС⡾ȫķϰڹͬʦֵǵڹ࣬Ԫ񹦡״ҲҪ֡
ԴˡȫķԪ񹦡ҪѸ½Ϊǡ񹦡ǰùҡ񹦡С湦ġԹЧҶŹˡ
Ͼһ˵ľޣͬʱڹ˷ʱ䣬⼸ڹķԲǿĻǻγŪþ߻ħ书ֱӹҵ³
Թеʿһʱڶһֹֻʵһ׶ε£Żٴѡߵȼڹķ½ϵѧѡѧʱ䣬׶ΣһڹһǺڹһȻǲ֮Ĺˡ
ȫķ͡Ԫ񹦡ڹȫķ۷壬Ԫ񹦡ڲ֮Ҳкġ񹦡߶ǵҾڹķԻӡ֤֮
ڡԪ񹦡ٶȵĻڡȫķκιгͻļԣҶСȫȫķ֮תޡԪ񹦡̶ޡ񹦡ٶϻֱԪ񹦡ࡣ
һʱ½ФƷ˾ȻҶأһʼͬڶ࣬ʵһɶõĻԵ
ԴӾС书֮ҶȫĵͶУͨСڵҶȫ˵Եѵ
Ʒ塢ƴϺˣɫصвͬ
ФƷ壬ۺʼǿԽĸ򳬺ˣһսʱҶȷΪġֻΪ֮ǰڰʹľҲᣬɸݲͣϰ̫ԪԸơͬʱĲҩҽĽս֢״ֲȫչð취ֽ׶ΣƷޡ̫Ԫ͡ʮ
ƴϣİС岻ڣ˶ϸѷǸ·ԼԼСƴڲУȴлȺйĿھĻһѰ˵ࡣԸ񰲰ڿҿңӺã֫ԡȫķⳬĿǰڡȫķµĿ๦Գ
£ֻΪһأû뵽һ̽⣬ȻġʡȺУѵѰһˣϰѧѡҪ˷ŻӵѧɣɶᱻЩΪ䱦ܵչˣΪĵӶڻ¡κֻûƹһƫԶСɽ֮УǱɳˡ
ġʡΪڵıѰ֢ûκεֶͨ̽ʶǸ֢ͬ״ֿҲΪʲô˺ҵĹеһڶûʶóԭ
ҹƳͣѧҲǱ˵ҹص㣬ֵУҵѧҲдѧôҲǼٴеľ񹦣Ѱ˵ȶѵһ۴ˡ
ⴿѧ伮⣬ҪѧΪͻƣһ취ҪһЩԵкڵ
дԵʣһѰıͶ֮ƹֲСɿģµġʡҪкҪͬʵʲпܳ׸ı䡣ʣеҪõ־ԿнȷѪı췽ҹ̷һѡ
Ϊʣϰڵĵķ±룬ճ˹еĺǸ˿ľȴĲ𣬶˶ͯ೤Сʿ
˭˵ҾûյģСŋ翸󡿣յѧҳʮţ˵ɵġ񹦡ʮơշħͨЩǿ񹦾ͱ䵱ġ޼ңɵġɽơСԵ񹦾ֻҪ㹻ļܵ㣬һһŹòˡ
Щ˽⣬Ҷʩ̱׺ܶࡣȻʩҪΣҶҪǷΪϡ


060 ҹ
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ƹŵÿʱ򣬺Ƕֵġһ죬ɽ·ԺʦҲŶʮŮӣһɽꡣ
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Ļ𹤵˺ɵæļˣӳһʮ壬µʱ䣬ǶҪΪƹ½ٿ׼õĻʳ
Ҷһƺ«Ƕʦ͸¹õķھƣȻ֮ǰġ㡱Ǹ򵽵õľˡ
Ҷ⣬ڳԺϴ㡣ϱӱǸëһøӵˡ
Ҷεӣ߰Сõȥյš

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ФƷ¼ŵڷϣգ岻Ծһţ˫ۣƺֻĶ걻˱ŵĸо
㡭ģ۰
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ФƷһ㶣Լո⡣
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ФƷûһᷳȻվתҪߡ
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ӣһҲ˳𡪡Ҷ΢Ц˵һФƷŭĻ
סڡФƷ߬סȭͷؿڴһʹ֪ʲôʶҵļôƾʲô˵ǻ᲻ģ֪Ҿʲôƾʲôô˵ƾʲô˵ұ˳ֻƹĳ˳軵˵Сʦ壬װһܶҵӣҵòǶ£
ФƷͬһֻСһ㣬ݺݵسҶ
Ʒеķŭͬɽһı
ҶؿŷŭФƷ壬˵㡪ΪҹߣΪҸһ

ФƷһ㶣Сʦһʲôһ
ҺһƷ壬ҲȫұɱѪġ
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벻߶Щ£Ҷҡһеľƺ«оƵŶ㻹ûȹưɣӺôԲȾأ
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ҶҴţš
һûκȨеģֻǻŵ˱ߵΣǡúûš
ҹιԺ䣬̴㣬ᴥǶˣҶͷһ̾ټˣͷɵҲᡣ
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ڸһΡ
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úûŰɡ
Ϊȥˡ


ڶ ϳ


001 ʮ
ʱˮȥȻ䣬ʦŴ֮µʱָ
ѹ³һ괺
ضѩȻ䡣ȴΪشϣʱȻٻޡ紺
ҶѾˡ
꣬Ҷ˵һҪ顣
ùףҶФƷһФƷ֪ǰңڵСʦԼһҲʣѪ֮ФƷҶ̬׽һ㣬ŵķФƷ岻ʤγ֮ʣҶФƷţԼ֮߶СƷһлԹԼųܣҶѭѭȰգڽ⿪˻ѹФƷеᡣ
ФƷһ֮󣬻֮ͷŶ񳨿ʡ֮ʣɶʦҳ֣תġ񹦡ФƷ˵ͨԭ׸ФƷڵ
Ҷ֪ǼФƷеѪӰ޴˴Ӵ˱óĬԣФƷļǿ䲻Ը˿Լųһ档ԣϵ£˶УӴ˲
Ҷ̵ظоӴ֮ФƷвǰǰıˣȻȻԽӽС֮ѾôˡԼһ˵塢ĸмء
һжˡҶоĴڶɡ

һ峿˪֦Ϲһ㱡İɫ
СԺУѱþĵġ
ϰַǳСԺӣİ
ԴǰС˶ͻơ徳һء֮ҪתƵ˺ɽʮǸ嶥֮ˡ
ѾһƬԭʼˡƹ۵һɽ壬ɽƶͣɽʯ֮䣬ȴ֮ءİٶףǴ˴СɽĶ塣
СɽֵýƷ壬ƹ֮
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ÿնͬʱ𣬱סɽ֮ϡ
߸Сվãҡȫķֲ˹ڻķĲ㣬ЧǼ˽գ˶ѲУɹˡ徳һءڹҲиҹҲɽ纮ۣôһʦ壬żСҲϰ񫣬һղһеĵۡ
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СġûõģԼȥ
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002 ѵ
һƬ̹һԲԲֵСִ±ߣŵһţһ·һƬ޴Ʈ¶
֮ˣɵһҡͷЦ
ٺ٣Сʦ壬û뵽ǵһѽѽּįּįԲԲԲԲıӣԲԲԴӶԲԲģΨһ˫С۾һϸ죬겻һЦ⣬СǮء
ҲΨһһҶŵ顣СǮأ󡢷ȴṦżߵԣ֮ͨǺڵġ㹦ӷסļһһѧͻᣬһ̾Ͷּ죬ϰڣʱգṦ棬ѾҶˡ϶յӣǸŵĨ͵ţƹеġṦһˡ
һƶĤļ
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ضɲǼ㱻ס˶䡣һһʽá졢׼ݡҪ塣
СħŮ棬ʱСħŮС죬ҶСţҲҲҲҲţҲţҲţһ߽ţһߺݺݵšСصĶ䣬Ѱʹصһɰӡ
С̣֣֡ˣˣˡСʦ壡ȲѣٴԼСʦȡ
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һ׷֮ʣƴϡƷ塢ˣѲȺϵűһʱ䣬²٣¶
һʱ֮䣬С롣
Сʦ壬˼ҲСַƢˣҶӣ˦˦ȥС˵Сʦ壬㵱˵õģ˵㹦רŽĹƾʲôǸñҺãһСʦ忴ǸŮӣƫ˼ҲϽҸӣӮǸӣǰš
úúãСʦ뷨ӣӮǸӣòãַſɣСʦһ·ûץˡ
˱֤̾죬ЦǺǵԶӣ°һ̧ʾԵغһ
ҡͷЦСѾͷƬӣԽԽˡ
ۿ˵룬֣˾ۼһ˵λʦֶտǷࣿ
ࡪСͬػشȫȵӣڹΪΪѵĻһߵĶˣСȲоۣ෴ΪڹгɣбøӵĸȤ
Ȼ࣬Ҷ̵зʱʱ̶̿üСӿԼĽ˽ͷټҶʱĹ佱ԹȻʱۣȴǴδй㣬һ˷ܵ쳣ʱʱı԰ڼ֡
ҶһЦָһ㣬ȥµԼ̵Сʼʱն³ѾˣСȻȤȻûһ˿һĲֻͣ˵ϲˡ
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ףۣ桪Ʒ壿Ʒɣԭô˧ǮأŶոյõƴϣڸ֮ǰģֵ磬ǰ˷쳣ױƵظλʦֵҫ
ԭϹӸ֮񰡣Ǯһ֮ɫĿ㵸ƴϡ
ٸСʦ岩ŹǡŻ磬TMһסԴ
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ʦֶлСʦ塪
Ҷ΢Цͷ
ҶСƴϣаƴСǿϣǼģԸߡϲסҲǷǷѧϰùЧҲõġҷô˼ֺպܳΪֻͥСӻЩëǴˣЩСųҵ¡ƹ۱ϾɣԴʹᱻĽȭͷӲŻᱻءƴСųز㡣ҪСͻħȱҪǿģʱĿ佱Ϊ׵ֶΣһֱһ𣬻ӰҲǺð취Ҫʱʱ㣬ƫġ
뵽С⣬ƴϵС΢΢һЦƴϣԴϰڹоʲô仯ûУ
СʦʻƴԽţע⵽ܼʦֵܶ쳤˶ǽ֣Сͨ죬ΨΨŵŵشСʦ壬ҡҡ
еǱСʦ忼ѧչСƴϽŵ֧֧ġ
ûϵʲô˵ʲôʦ岻㡪
СظŵòУ湻Ǻ
ŶรСʦ塭
һƴƺƽһЩСԴ˵³ۣûرĸܣǾýôЩҲˡ
͡
һ͵½ܲסЦ˳ľͷһƷ壬Ҳһ͵Цѡ
ƴϵСԴ˲øˡ


003 ս
ҶݺݵصһۣĵԽЦƴϱԽǲ˵ˡ
û뵽Լεֱӱˣ෴ȴõһİΪ
Ѿͷ
ûйСѾͷҡͷѣֻðעٴηŵƴϣЦݵسһ䣺ţ˵úܺáǳڶõЧܲˡ˵ˣ˵ʦ֣ŶǶʦңôʱ򣬶ûôͱ治룬ʲô
СƴǰһԼԼո˵Ļöˣʵû뵽ȻõСʦСʦ˵ڵĴʦ궼ûԼôԼôȥպǿԱʦһһȶʦҪ
õ޵Сƴһӱ˷ϻҲˡ
Сʦ壬Сʦ塭ıȵʦҪôһиģǰɽˣǲͷûÿˣУҸˮ㣬ǰǱﲻסұʱ˭УС
Сƴϲ˵Ҳ΢Цʱͷһڣⲻ֪ǱСʦֶǱ˷ܣȴа಻ѣ벻ԼôһСʦ壬˺ͷ˵ҪС˵ǵʦԼʦֶƨղŵƨǳԼҪ³ˡ
һ˷ܣ˾ȣ˼䡭ٺ٣ٻôһԺС
Сϵı仯޾Сƴϵõ佱ǽԼı仯޾ϸص˳
һ˵㽲һӣƴϽˡԼ׿ʺʹˡ֮ϵشƴϵĸ
ƴϣܺãⶼܺá㳤ڼֲиϰڹĽѾеٮˡٮʲô˼ǵһ֪Դϰ֮󣬴ʽʼͷһ죬ҾѾΪ쿴㾭ͶҲڹϿԭѽǸš
ƴ˷ܵصͷԼ֣ϸϸĹ۲졣
Сʦˣ
ƴֱðСǣСʦԼĺøж
ؼȥһҪõ֪ǸţߺߣһúҲںɽչصЩҵʦǺúÿһ
ƴϵСʼ˸ŵĹâʱôһˡ
ƴϣڹΪȻǸѵһţвɽҪ֪ʱΪȻھˣ֮أʦֵǴʱ࣬ȵḶ́ˡ̫ԪǵľͻøһʱڹҪǿΣǲܹ֣һһᱻϡ
ڹĵһأκˣֻҪѰһ󿲣ôֻһʱˡҶ˼ԣƴȻƣҲʾȱһպб˳Խһ졣
Ҷ˵ѵһģ˵ĽǺãµʤٱڽ֮УĺӸǶúܣٰʮһ㲻ʡ˵ģΪϻۻǣ˼ҽڹ֮ʱȻڹķĿھʽ˸㣬ϰڹҪһʲô֪ô
СƴϿյҡҡͷ
һܣеĺӶһС¶˼ӣɵһЦЧ
ſ֣ص˵ƴϣǼĻһҪμסеѧеĳɹ֮ΨһڡֶѡΨѧɳ֮ܳɡԺʹ˶Ҳ˿ķи֪źֹǧͷмߵߵ۷壿Щɹ۷֮ˣǶһͬص㣬ǱԸļͺĸͳͳţСʦɲϣǰװ׹ԼĲŻ
СʦҶĹƴ񼤶ѣ죬ȴоͷЩͷһᣬֻǿŲøжֻ˵һ֣ǡ

֣ڹòãܲá
ԴӰǰԼƹ۱±һ١ҵ֮ڴ¡ʤ˱ҳ¡֣ϺܿÿԼʢרбµ֣˵ѾǼҳ㷹һĳˡ
Ȼ»ߣԼһߵݱһ书СˣȷЩѿ£֣뻹ǴĵЩģȻϾϡ
֣鼫ȲõԭȴΪ顣
ԭ֣ڼ䣬ǡþ˾˼߷ãƫƫɵǣ˾˼ԼΪı糣Ҳž˾ͬ
֪֣뱻һ֮󣬳ȻοԼıܣֻغݺݳ֣һΪֳЦûб£Ȼһû˵Ұ۵˸ˣǶ档
ùĻֹˣ
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ңҲϼصϵĴ壬ѧԨԴۺ񣬲ԼѾõ似ҵӵܸݵϵĵһɡսšǧ˿ƵĹϵСﵱУѾʮǸŵĵˡ
սš½ɵУλеʮλǳʮɡ֮Ȼŵӱʮˣ鲼ݴأھݺݾڣҲвСӰտոǡеڶʮλĳȻ֣һ̫֡ն齣ӽʮδ֣ޡ
áƹۡС֮ȣʲôŽɽֹʲôŽ֮𡱡
ʮˣȥѾڶΪսšŵӡһᵽڱϰ䡣ֳͬѾǡսšľӢӣдţ츳飬ѾõĳųϵϣΪ״ӡ
ܹڡսš³Ϊ״ӣǷҫʵݵһ̨ס
֮ȣ֣ı־ڼڲۣų̫үԼŮ֣ˣжֵĲмôҲӵܣȻһСɵӴ²˴˵ֻǸûܳΪߵͨˡ⡭Ҳ̫ҳҵˡ
ǣڣֻ֣ڼ統¶һ棬֮󣬳ү׹ŮаݽҶûټֱӾ֣һ˴ظˡҸ׾죬ֱӵ۷׷ףַڿĻ֮£ֱ֣һ˵˵Цûлرһµ˼һΪǿ֣˼ίؼûñ㲡ˡ


004 鱨
Ȼٲ˶ӵĺá
ͷһٳġ
㣬²̤Ű벽
֣ʵǺ޼ǸԼͬʱҲԼӶˣĸײĳˣͬʱŽ侮ʯˣȫ˸飬Ǹ⹫үҲ֣˸ߡ˰ٻء
ײףһˡ
ôҲû뵽⹫Ҵҵ󣬸˾Ȼô˺޵֣ֱԼܵ£ôޡ
뼰Ǹַڿ֣бһζ
Ȼ㲻˵Ƿô㲻˵ôôôУ԰һıǿСܽˮˡ
뵽˴֣һᣬб˴㡣֮Σ֣붼˼ԼλȻˡսšľдš
һ⣬жԼǰΪںһͬʱֱ˶Աֵľ硰Ͻˮ಻硰ƺӷģһʰ֮飬õ˺üƪĳƨ֮ʹ಻رʾԼƹ۵Сţ۸֮ңȻСܣҲʹ˿űܰװҰ۵ʿ۸ܰɣҶˣҲ޹Ⱑ
ʱһν£ԼĽʱҲ쵽ˡţдʮ⣬⼫֮£Ļţȴʼңңڣ֣ҲԽԽ⡣
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ϡү˵ġѽˣˡϡ
յģҶ죿ˣʲôˣҽˡˡ
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֣һתͷһ⳰ԼĲǱˣԼдһֱûлŵıֳ
֣һŻһϲı飬˳س˹ȥ˫־Ҫס֣м˵ѽԭǾ磬̫ˣ̫ˡ
нᶥ˹֣룬֣ϵΣޱ˵ˣң綼ˡȣᣬιɲΪЩۡƨ顭ʦ˴Ǽʦֵܳһ˳·
ǣǡ˳·˳·
еĲԼóҵүǳսŵŵӣȻһͨ˶򲻹ķ֣ԼܣȴǴһεүҵ룿ߣôӡ
ԹԵص˵ʮָɾؽ󣬹ͦͦš˳ųĶ֣Ȼһ۾Ϳλǰı־һ両һѴı
սţΪǵĵϲ磬ϲ硪
ߣϻҵı£볤ս練ƣסˣŵӣɲЩŵӹܹġмȴ¶ֵɡ
ǣԶԶԡӢ䣬ʷǷԲЩӹܹȵġ֣ȴĵҪǳΪ㻨˶ʮİƾͷҲ˳սţųζԴ֣ȥһȭŹͷ
ԼƨıҫϣЧҲһӶǾͷ֣˿ϵͷʾ壬Ըɵøɷ˼֡
˵֣벻ԭ򣬻Ͳ֣ԭ򣬶磬֣֣֣ӵŵÿȥҶܸҵСǴһܡ
Թ֣ĴϴСԸ㣣б˺öͬӵܡ֣伸֮ձԸͬӵܣ֮£Ѹĺܳʱ䶼ҼˣԶԶͬڵӱʧܡ
±Ϊܴ裬κ֣ϵֵ֣֣ʦѧճ겻ڼУʣµ֣Ȼ˳ΨһĿˡ
߰ɣ̽ĸҹϹȥһˡڡϡϼʾʱԼȵĲ
ããߡǾ硭֣ɫһΣæӦ
ߣҪǾ飬ƾڻܳ
˵Ĺĸ֣ĸסϡ
ϳϼسǳң֮Ů첻࣬ĸףǳϵֵܣĸ׸ǺͳΪͬͬĸãĸǳϵ岮ֵܣԹϵԳ֣Ϊ׽׽֮飬˿ڶĴ˼˵ʵ㲻жС
֣ͬҴҸϵãÿ곣ϳ֣뵭ȻһЦȴùӣ֣ȥݼĸס
֣ӰС۾һٺЦȴŭĿֹڨЦһΡ֣ˣһ𱻴ǰ
֣һ˼ڴƱ߲Լȥʲô˼ߵĸףݺ󣬴Ҵҿ˼ͷת׷ųֵܵӰǰá
ʱ֣ԷͣȻСĿɽȴӲϼصĳңǡսš֣ܵģ㳣ԼףԷҴ󻧣һּ޳ȥŮΪˣϲ̫Ĺ˼ġ
һţܹŵ̴ľΣŰɫ߾װŤ˵ϣһĲͷ֮ɫ
ǳͳֵܣĸӣԶͬǰĳսŵӣֻһɫʽؿŵġͼ֪⼸˵ʵˡм˸ӱŽɫƣֻкɫߵƷв֣ͬؿʱ֮ҲƵı־ЩӦþǳսеľӢˡд˽ɫƵˣ˳ﾹȻһˣһ붼ǳսڵľӢˣⲻɵƵ֣Ǹ֣ЩǿԮ֧֣ǿƹ۵ĵʿǷˡ


005 
֣У֮ϳһЦĸ׺ͳֵ֮⣬ͬʽɫʿ꿡ܡ
ֻ֣Ǽ򵥵һƳɫ˲ʱ쳣ѿϽͷڲеŭɫ
ǼսŵĵӳϵĽебϣһȹڷϣȥеĲ֪ѰСһ̲ͣشָףԹԵ˵ʱ˵ش˵Ц̬Ŷ֣˲󻵣˫ȴֱԼǿջЦаһĿ˵Ļ쵰ҼҾȻǵţүǡ
֣˶λϣ洺ظ߶߶ȻЦݡ̬òԴȴȷܣһݰ̬ȣһ䣬һ䣬𻰼򵥣䵭ҲӲʣʹ޷ڣ֮⻰벻ȥˡ
֣˵Ȼ֮ģвɵԼΪȻӣзⲻƽڳԼ׼ңϻշҲΪѵӦţСһʶ֣һͷûˣҲڨڨһЦԹԵغȲ裬һʱüΪѰ
ֵ֣֮ʱһ̧ÿԼ֣˽ɵɫһϲ˾񣺡Сôŵһ·Ͷ٣Ϊ˼ųٳٲϢ˲£٣Ҫʦڴ˾ú򣿡
֣æ˼ǸսŵֻжЦЦǼƤ̧һ£ѹû֣
֣һʱΪΣ֣ŭա
֣ܹʱӵ֣վȥȻˣΪдֺͼλͰɣΪ岻ʣҸˡ
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Ͳ˵ˡͷذ˰֣֣Ļ˵˴ɽʦֵʦֻЩѴ
ѴǺðһֱģֻҪңýЩ롣
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˭֪֣Ҫ죬ּ˵ȻѴбܼշ֮ǰѸἰ£ӹҲѱ룬ѹǹȥˡ
TMDճĹȻΪҵ³ͷģǳǼҪˣTMDǸЩ֣ңôҼҵӣȴǸ֣ҺôһǮϲҲˣôڵ¶ûУлֶǷѵ֣ǷǵĲɣ
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֣ŭѣֻˣˡǼ»ƻ£ʧȻ˷۱
֣ǿѹŭҪ˵䳡滰ȴֱֹֹ֣ĻͷҿɫЩͷ˵Ȼֻ·Ǽ±Ұˡ
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֣ңڳǿݽ̤ʯѡ
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֣վһԣ£ķڿŪһࡢһ죬ѿ仹ż˵棬ʵ֣²̨
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Ƕֶͣǿ׳ĺܣ
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֣죬ͷ
һֱ֣벻˳۵ĳ֣֮ͬ룬־֮ͬУǰ˵ֹǶˡߣλ֣үºѹûҸҪǡɵͣ˵˳ȥֱڣλүᶼᣬ˵ȥһسء


006 
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͹˰ɣλʦܣѵóһˣ鷳λͬСһ˿ɺã£ȻʦҲӦá˼ˣΪһл
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ûû
⡪

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֪ǺʱźãһսŵĵתŶһĬ֣ʵ
֣һʻæϻ磬ղײգɺãʱˣҹζ࣬ԾͶպˡܾ콫Լļƻɣͬʱ㽫үߡ
򳣾λͷ˵
һϺһֻһԽڶȻ˵ȻλʦԸһⳡӣǱӦһҸס
˻ͷһȴǳ
Сʦܣô׷ʵ
һȥǼҪǵ棬ӦҪǳսŵ磬֪ͬλʦֵ
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λʦ֣СȻ֮̽󣬱Ƕʮ壬ÿµʱƹ۶һƲСᣬʱ䣬úһͬʱ߾졢㷢Ӣϵˣ¹ʵûʵͳͳټһ𣬵Щͬ棬ƹ۵Ʋڽŵ£ҿǻſſһҳսŵ棬Ὣλʦֵı¶ϼ֣ͷλʦһսҲ֪ͬҳսżλʦֵĺպ
˵úáĽҲ̵õڶͬŵ֧֡
ЩᷳؿɷͬڵܵܣΪݣİ취Լûл෴м紳ǶԼΪпܼ̱㱻λڳǽ˴ȻЩУȴҲͬڵܷܵʩΪͬʱҲͬڵܵȻƷᣬҲԲʦźԼѿ
Ҳã¾ͽɣʲôʱ׼ˣʲôʱǵãĪҪʦŵľٶ
İɣСܶȻóȻ¡
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á˺ȻӦŵ
һԵ֣һͷū࣬ȴ˷쳣ɣ˵ǣһβ˭˭Ӯ֣үҶ˵غš

ʮ壬ӡ
һգ칫Ƶеӡ
СȻרŻֵļУϾģޣҲ̣û˰̯ĵطƹ۵ᷴȫЩʮ˴ũÿ¶ҪһΣرƷļ᳡ɴ˴Сڴ˾ۻᣬйģƹǰǧ˰׵ľϣɽ˺ò֡
н״ڵУҲнɽزɽҲЩëƤԻ¿㡢Ьࡢ졢ưģҲǴ֧ڵزߵȵСԵġ
ƹŵģż̯λддֵģҲԵġ
ʱȴΪ֣ɽ˺ΧһȦһƣԭǸյġƹϼΪټĳ
ƹһæģ˼ֵĵ֮ͯ⣬˵ȫһļ١֮һһ
ƹ۵ǣĿˣһȫӵţڼ϶䡣ǰѵһӼݣһʱ֮䣬ȺмһСƬɫ۵Сʿ㶼ʮͣس֡
شƫԶŴյ˻ǵҲ֪ǴôһˣһԷ򸾴СӣһһʮߵꡢһʮСѾͷһģҲġ꣬ںݵССӡ
ǰСɵĵϣ˾Ÿ˶ߡڴϸľͷ׮ӣһɸߵĴڳӵ룬̽Ĵ֡ǬᦱϹʮ˸ͭ壬ӭһչֱ졣
վһʮĺӣòҺ¶룬һ⣬Ƶģһһɵͻ˳֫׳࣬ǿ༫ˡ
ٿǸŮӣʮòڣȻṦ
ǸʮɣòͨĽʵе˸ķɡʱһԽе׼׵һһǸЩϳݵеϸϸؼһ顣һġͯӣԱߵϣĹˣ۹⾡ΧȺеĳʳȥĴָͷð졣
Χ˰ٶˣΧһɴСȦӡЩ˶ڳߣҲ
ʱУǸʮСѾͷڳӵ˫һɫСŶƮৡڱԾйΧһĻк֮
δʱСﵶһգ˫ȣСϺˮ죬˫ֱŵĻ֣Χ۵һҾ


007 Ƽһ
ʱǸĿ꺺Ӳվ˵ܱȭһֻ֣ټĿΰıһĽк
λףһСէ̤أڲܡݷòĵط︸׾һĳҲ˹ǡһӵ⣬Ͻʱ½н˺ͣλ֣ӸһĵľͰһӳȫˣûǮģв˵ĸˣøһӲԣֻҪܹͳɣͷʵڲԣվſǮǮԵûǮ˳ɳϸඣӡͷװʲôģɱֵܵӡ
˻һһЦǴӣʵСũ֮£Ը㣬ǮࡣһӵҲ˼ֻҪõϵģʲôС
ϻ˵үλүǱһˡᦡˡ
һ䣬ֻ󺺵һǸɵĴᦣһףһһᦵף°ʮصĴᦣһ£ˡ
á
Ǻ
򸽽Ƶıݣֻ÷ľʣкڶ
Ǵ󺺽ǴᦣУָӣͷӣֱ̧ǡ𼦶б¡ȵˣر䵽ͷϣͻȻʱһʨ򣬴ᦺͬӣһ˰ʮصĴᦱǴ󺺵硭
ĺơ˺ⳡݾʾףһǴ۸񫡣
󺺱ϣǴᦵһףһȺһƬľ֮δأֻӰһԱһֱĬǸ꣬Ȼ˹˫һӣһתؽһԡ
һ㶣̶ֺȻһĽк
׳˶󺺹һ֣ĴҾ߻ѾͷүǸǰתһȦָͣ
֮ǰ˫СѾͷر˳ȥϵͭ࣬һЦ⣬үиͣȻǸ˵ͷĶ˹ȥӰ˵ذһͭĶ
ǮģϼӣûǮģľˣʲôձײˡҰģ߰㡭Ȼһλģϱ߰һ´ĥĲ˵
ϻǿֵ̯󺰣λϸ磬ֵûǮƣϵҿģҸڵĴ⽹
ӼĴ󺺿ҲǸˬĺӣЦҪƳһһֱС⽡֣С۾ȴһ˲һסĸ׵½ǣȥһ˵裬裬СǶǶСҪ⽣Ҫ⽡

Χ۵ǣһĴЦ
Ǵ󺺹˫ڳУ˫ǾҲǣҲǣڳһЦõı顣ӵĸҲЦöӷۣһĸαţȰȵ˼£ű˵ߣȴСкöĸ׵һεؿųеĸס
ҡͷЦЦŲң˸óԵĻλֵлˣǮԺϡ
ǰ̯СȴЦ⼷££ֵһһҪЩа
󺺳ȺеıӰȵȻøʧ
ȺӦģһ˵Цһߺֵܶ⻹дõš

һĳĴЦǸеˬ죬û뵽յһᣬȻñǴڻҪַǳ
ǰ㳡ԶһѺҴ⣬һʯṹС¥ǸͤӣΪƽʱͽЪ֮á
ʱͤڴվźüصǵ׳ſڶµʵʵ񣬴ЩͳһķϣóǶΨһһԶɽھֵ֡
ܹЩƽֺĺúǵūһ¥µ˵һԶɽھֵͷԶɽ
ԶɽѮ׶룬ͣľȻǳᦵĺ˿һɫʿһûꡣ
¥Źǰ㳡ĴԶɽпѵһˣȴһ˿һȤûУΪʱԶɽбһ鷳š
ʦܿǵôˣ
һƵӷͷ
ײٿһػָԭ״
ʦֺα˿أԶɽͷҲأ̾
ŲһӰ߽ڷͷİ£ʩʩȻصһˮϿҵ˵ʦĪҪɣڱʦܣֻҼʵ֮Ϊʦ룬ʵһ׮׬Ľװ
λԳ˵ˣеȡݣ¶˫ִ֣¶Ӧǿҹ˱òƽȴһ˶ӥӣʼƮ񣬷˾ôԸɡ
ݴŵĸ֣˴ǰתΪвԶɽھּһ¶
˿ȻȰ⣬ȴȿԶɽԶɽ飬۽Ǵɵ¶һ˿֮ɫаⷽԶɽ̳Լ󣬵ʦŵʱߵķʦܱԼΪˬἰԼ׳־һԼһֱ䳰ȷֵΣߺߡǱ̲³ҪŶԿ㷽Զɽɻ˵㡣
뼰ԼΪȰ˵ͣ˲ɵôڶزһֱĿСԶɽԽǳ˱ԽǸˡ
ţΪŴɡǿλɵʮһλǡݡϵɡλСؾ񡱵λһѪɫ죬ʫ޵մ죬һ֡մʮʽʽʹ󿪴ϡۻ룡


008 Ƽ
һŴͨݵˮ·ͨأΪƴ֣ݵġսšҲô
սšݵһȻ¹ڰԵڲԼɣҪҪɱָɱ϶乧Ϊη壬˽޲ΪС
šǶԡսšΪɡλеԪ۷ˮƽҲƴ֣Ӷڶ֣ɰе֧֣ʵܷά䰲ȫĵλδ֪
ڽմͻƣɹ죬һֱݷڳս֮µţȻ˸ҰģݾһֱʾСǿʵǴʱŵشĿꡣԶɽԶɽھ֣̲֮ϡ
һλòϲΣ˸ԶɽϵֻҪܹɹǿԸԼڵĵλǰһġֻ벻ԼһĵĴ㣬ȴڷԶɽǰһӡ
ڱصõ̬ȣ÷Զɽһᷳ˵ԷԼͬʦ֣ʧȥʮ꣬û뵽ǰһôһϢ
ԶɽһȻ˵ʦִݣ겻û뵽ĴҴһ棬ʦΪҴôһô
Ȼ֪ǺôΪʦܽһֱԥ
Զɽ̾һ˵ʦܲԸʵΪԶɽھʦܶѪ̾ʹתˡ
ʦܺͿǸѾ˵ŵԶɽھ֣Ȼ㵱ͷδھҵ񣬶е㲻ôϤʦܿϼҡšպھҵ񣬱Ȼʦֶܵΰˡš˴죬պʦܵ죬Ժ֡
ʦ˵ЦˣʦܲѧǳСھֶܲãԺֵģСܵľģʦܵǻʧİɡ
ʦܣ㡪
ʦ𼱣ʦһ롪
⡭ҲãҲáڨЦ˵һת۾ȴ¶һ˿ı飬һϺꡣⷽԶɽʵȲһؾֲԸӦչ⾰νʲô룬ֵɽҰЭʲôףǽӱܣŷųĻƾ㷽ԶɽӣѵΪܾʹ˷ɣ
֮ǰԼԶɽھ֣ŷԶɽҵܾȴ϶ԼֽʲôףܵɽϡԼƣҲɽϡε룬ƺսйأԼΪŵĶȸ֣ȻŵҪַע˴Զɽھֵɲɹܵõսŵʲô鱨ҲǴһ
ƹۡ
Ұۣ볤սŶԿ۵ʲôֵùעġ
սŶԸȲСɣֻǴ˶˵ӵ˼ֻ˼Ӣǰֻ˵ıǷĿأĴ㣬ǳսٷһڲɨˣ׵ģȻˡ
ݵһŵһƾŵʵǶľ֧ġ볤սѪƴԼܷȻأ
¾ᣬһʱԼδ˲һ˿־С
¥²ԶƼˣԱߵȺУǼɫ۵Сӣһʱĸ꣬ɵаޣⲻСɣûʲôսţǵóսݷľģԼҲùһʱֲмسƹǲ֪ߵغҾóսż֣ĵС۾ȻǵȻ֪µ˷ŵ棬ǻƿЦ
ԶɽٿȻһգҲĿڼƹ۵ĵϣƵ˵ƹ۵ҪϵĹ¶˼ҵӵܣģҲĵùٸӦмԣﳤսأ֮᲻ҵԸǺУΪ˫Ȱһ֪ʦֿɷң
ҡǺǣʦΣǳͷǻ֮˰ɡԶɽϺ꣬ҳͷǲġսƹ֮˭ʤ˭ܣֻҪһͷֻ³սŶìͷָ˰ɣʱɳͻ㷽Զɽ⣬ˮ˰ɣޣԶɽӵ˰׳ղɡ
˵ǳսǿƣʦܺαΪһСɵﳤսأ
ǺǡԶɽһЦһȻ̾ʦ֣ƹۡûô򵥡

ʱʮʱһ쵱ʱ
СʦҶ˵Ҫ֪ȥ
ФƷҲŲټ
¡ƴϽյֵɨ񡭡
ʣµˣǺ桢ֵԸ
ǣͬغ˽ƹַۣǳļҴܣòֺ
ˣҶˡرŶһԹ
֪ԣĵ
ûԷ
Уͷ࣬ûԷ
ʱ緹ʮʱˡίŶӣԽԽС
һȥˣ˵һ٣СԲϣֵܼʮʱѾСˡûԱͷԻɵˣǴЪţȥǰ߳⽰ɡ
Ү
Ե
Цĸƨ棬Ҳû⣻վӵһߣ뵽˵תһȦ棬ֻ㬵˴
ϰ壬⽡
룡
ÿɱ˵۹أǮһӣ˵ðɣ⽡ٶһһ仰üǿ˵߲ݸĵ⡣
һٰ۷ȥˣԻһˮֲҪǮ
ϡĴ⽣һඡ
⽵Сߺһɤӣֽ⽣һλСǿڿ˰ɣɡ
лˡ
Ǯزϣһȥ˺˸ʹ졭
ѽİ涪ˡƲ˵Ҳһֱͷ
ι㿴ֵܣҲӶˡݺأ
˼溰˰ûӦһתӿڸʲô
ȴһأʮֺ


009 Ƽ
ôˣʲôԣǮظС浽֪Сûرֵʱ򣬴صı顣һֱ飬ͱʾ˰ĺүʲô˲õ顣ϴֱʱ򣬶˱˳ͷ͵ƹֻۣŻŻԼ
һΣַʲôأ
̫ԡ
ʲôԣĺҲûôࡣ
ǿܡָͷʶϻȦ˵ǰƹ۵йôô
һ㶣̶Ĺһͬüë˵Ȼᵶ彣ƹ۵ᣬǸũгûйʲôʿˡȻͬѰ
ϣǳƹġ
ɣƹ۲Ǹ߻СϵĵۣʲôֵЩﵽİǮһ仰̻½õĴۣС˵ƹٲҲԼļңݵñ˿
ߣƹûô򵥣뵽ǸųСȫ͸Сʦ壬ʮ˵
ͷʹСĸҲƹ۵ĺȻʱ¿رܶˣܻЩڲԾбľǿСһ֪
һ֮ȴС뵽˸ĸʱĲͬѰһʱٿ˵ӦǮغͺͲôˣ
ץˣ
ǮغͺһۣͬʱͬʱǿҵĴ̼о

ƹûô򵥣
ФƷһס̫Ԫ֮󣬻죬ᴥЩƤƤϵķܿһЩĻɫʣΪϡ٣Լ۲΢ܷ֡
徳죡
տ˳ɹ
һͬСȣФƷųǿϽġѹФƷŷҶڷܺ

ФƷӵ⡭ΪФƷеһزͣתš
̫ԪɫƷ湦ǴꡣФƷ˼ʱҲ˵ӵ湦ĽɣżۺĴеġ
ԱΪĿĵФƷ壬йŴɵĴ㣬κЩŴɶ˵Ҫ󼫶ϸФƷĳܽȥ
Ʒ֮ҵˣ˶ε̬£żСɡδ룬⿴СɵУȴ׽֮
ƹһССɱ˾ѧأФƷ˼⡭
뼰ȫķֲФƷ߬ȭͷѪڡ
֪ڵԼϽĻĽأ
ФƷ̧ͷĿᶨ
ҲӦҸһˡ

ټһ㽫һǰƿͬʱ̾һ벻ԼõʮܲͷȻСڡ
̧ͷĹˣܻװͨļ͢ĸ֣ÿһвԼʵ㶼ԹԵִټԹ˲١̧ǰһݶеӰеһԹҲΪУ֮羴֮飬΢һЩЩĻ̿֡
Ƿʮܲͷ֮ҲǲеǸС˥Сͷһƣݣ·нľһ㣻ߵǸˣŻӢһֽȣĴˣһ˷֮ɫұߵһͷ߹ڵӣݳ룬һ֮
λǵɶõĸ֣пǰλǡ͢ξ֮һġ۽񡱻ѮģʵѧΪĺһκСλˣ˹ײġ
ߵֻ֪꣬ջ֮һġ߸λˣȴһ̫࣬Դڡ̼ࡱ
⡰͢ξ߸̼͡ࡱǻʸֱԺԺͻʵϽŰٹʿ塢ͻʵ۱˵˴˾ͳר켩ݣΪıǲǰϽȥİʮޱ
׮󰸣Ұ£ʵۡͼΣԭҪһضʧȥݹʵءǰʮΪޡʵΪʿн;ӵľãֻʮεжеĵһΡ
жһأⱾΪѵġޱûֱɾӻѡˡԶھ֡ݣǲݾߣע룬ܵļƻת;бϽ֪̽һٶȥʮ
¼ƻܡϽ֪µ˾㶼Ǳ͢ͻʵεĴ󳼣Ȼй¶٣˵ʲô˵͢ڲ˷ĵĵطҲ©ˣз͸˻ʵ۵ߡֻйܣ´ǶԻʵ۲أ
Ͻжɸ˾ʵһصĶ⡭͢ŭ֪
ΪʮܲͷټѴ̡
ټԴĴ㶼ˣû뵽λϲһݵ棬ǼҲʣֱӵ򵼣·Ѳһ㣬ݵĵؽй˼£ϼسǵľƹ˵ƹ볤ս֮ĳͻֻһ۵С£λүȴֵÿ֣ԶذͰֻΪСĴ֣⣬⣬⼸λҲ̫ûˡ
ߵˣλ嶼Ĵү˸̯ܸĸַӵеλȫҪΪڻһʱ֮䣬ڶǳ֡͢
ټҲһλһ̣ܶǼ֣ȫû⡣ֻб߽ǵĵطмʿһǼСʿһŮУÿ˱һ⽳Ե㣬СȴڵתĴ
ߺߣСδȴװһϽɣʵ˷Ц
´ڼ䣬һ߸ʿԼ£˵֣롪
ټɫһҳɣ˹ȥ
мһֻ˻ˣ˻һЦĿ⣬˶ӶǡĴһĺ棻ǸĿ̫࣬ȴǱĿ񣬺⡣


010 Ƽģ
һ֮ɫĻɫֹټ˵
ټҲƴǣֱ£صϷԸ
΢΢һչɵ˵ϵĪҪţγҵֵƣǣ͢ˣϵܿһĳһ֡
֡
áǺǣϵܣΪȻճ꣬ݵؽϵﲻ̫ϤϵǶ֪ܷ֪ƹǸʲô
ټһǽ̫Ȼûע䶼Ȼضһ£Լ̽ľ飬ȷѾתעԼĻػ
ټɫһ֣࣬ƹ񲢲ɣֻһطϵСۣһʢŵطٸһƶƹҲ˴õĽɫ򸽽Ĺ¶͵ȻûעɣٸҲ¼ͽơ
Ŷô˵ƹ۲ǸСඣ
ˡ
пʲôɫ
ƹֻˣ֮ǰһ߷ĵʿʮǰ仧ƹۣ˵ǸӪ˲ţֻʮ㽫ƹ۽һҵѾ˿ɵʵϢƲ⣬ƹӵк졮Ԫʵӣ¹٣ʵǲ֪ʵǳ
Ŷƹ۵ʵһ㣬ǵսȻأ
⡪²֪
ţȥɡ
ټһͷˮ¡
ټһߣһֱĿˣͽȻ˫ۣ̫еɤ˵ټҲһǴɽСɣҲ֪һ
ԱεĽˣһߣ͵ǿ˰ɣټҪб£ǰʮһϦ֮ʧӰ٣ôߵĶ鲻ﵽ㡣
䳰ȷ̫ЦЦҲ߸̼͡ࡱڻʵ۸ǰ裬ЩԸúܡ
Цеؿ۲ԶļСʿȴ˵٣¹شҲûпȥô򵥡ԭܽУ֪йؼģôˣ㶼Ժգ˭䵣ͨе˾飬˵ǽһֵɽ󰡡
ֹ֣еǣϵش󡭡̫ӿ˵
ͷʾͬ˵Լǣֻˣܽӵϼδ嶼ǣ㱻˸ˣһ·߻ʮȴûһʱƬ̷ɹҵȵļӣɼ֮Ӵʵڲҵ˾ˡ
ǽ꽫ֽ৵غϣ˷ܵ˵ٽҲȲϵļıŸɽˮȴ֪ǰѾ
ߡ
һü̫Ҳ¶֮ɫһԼ˵©죬æ죬̻һεı顣
һչһЦһ˵ⳤսŻǰԵԸһ¶СۣôĹ򡭡
ߣսڣΪݵһɣ֪Ч͢Ϊ¾ңȴΪ˽ӬӪͬ͢٣͢һʱ볤սЭ飬ΪݵһɣṩЩɿõ鱨ⳤս棬Ӧ£ȫ˽ĴϾȻҳЦ͢ܣȻ˵¡ߣʵڸ̫໰һ˿塣
һ˵սţһԵĽҲѹֲסеŭ𣬳ҿտϺͿԼηηʮ겻Ҷ̡񡯵ĸ֣µҲһУڶڣڶ⡭ǰҸսӵϢΪ£ϴһһɽ壬֮ɥսֻ·ֺͽȻһѪȾȴһ˿һİ͢Ϊعܼƻʮ⾰սȴĳ͢ˣʹܵӰ죬Գ͢ƣΥʵɶ񡭡о֮פڱ߾һߵɣֱֻ֮ϧ
ἰɣ۽񡱻Ҳһ̾Ѫ֮͢Ȼ޲ߣһϦ֮䣬һټɸ𡭡ְ࣬Ѫ̶ˣεǴһѴ󽣣Իѩڡ͢ξõ֮ϣÿÿǡ͢ξÿһͷǰǰһ׮δˡҵܣ찵ãȴͷϧ̾
һ̸˵Ĵ̬Ⱦչɡ
ǻǳ͢ͷһֱڽ֮УҲԽԾӣսƹ۵ĳͻһʿ̬ȿģԲͬƹ᳤ۣսŵԴǡ
յ̫࣬ǳʵġ̼ࡱΪЧһʵۣƹ۲̫ðڳսŵ˽ϷŪ͢˼ۼΪУʵ۵ɱͬʱ̼ࡱܹ֪սڸ߲ۣ˵ڿ϶С̼ࡱ̽ӣ˵ˡ̼ࡱʵ֮ǿ֮󣬱˵۶֪̽һʵ־塣
ǽ꣬߸žʿıͬʱʢѪգһΪΪıԳսŵȷС
˳ͬȴڶԳսŵ̬һޣʵ˵ⳤսڳ͢ڲεˡ
ϧ㳯͢һطɵ̬ٷУҲֽܳɡƾ˵ġ
磬ȨһģɸɴɵġʮԺʮɸһλ½ȨĻְȨ֮԰ʵۡ


011 Ƽ壩
ĵ˴ɵöƹСɲһ˿֮ͬģٴɨ۲Զ⽵ļСʿЦĸСԴ㲻ͣؿӣǺĺء
ƹϢµ񣬶֪Ҫ䲻ɣЩЦ˵
ߡҪǳսŵҶв壬ӼҵԸһ仰̫̬ȣɼԳսεˡ
սһɵΪսĬʣ̼ࡱ̫ƥǣǳսԺѵ徲ˡ
۽񡱻нһţս̫඼Ǹ֣±˷Ӧ۽ı£һ˫ϣģ˫۾ϡһḻŹ㲩һšӵĳȼ档Ѫÿת鷢ѪҪۺ࣬һҪ󣬶ھѵĸ֣Ѫǿܿ̽Ϊ岻ͬѨλϵ죬ܲ²תķٸԼľ飬²ԷѧԼʦֻ湦ֻܿ̽조컯µߣ֮̽ˣֻҪѧﵽ컯ܹȫŹ͸ڲˡ
ԲŹ֮ǡ͢ξﷸĲֶΣΪ;鵽ˡ۽񡱻ѧΪʿ㶼Ӳһ˫ۣʲôԺźɣ۾һɨ̱֪һ
ףְ֡
Σеʵ
ߺߡǳսҪߵˡ
˻
ǼСڹƳССȻΪߣΪʵκŴɵĽܳӡ
˻һ䣬Ҳɵ֮ɫ⡰۽һ˫ۣ˼׼ʵʵ˵ϲҫȻɽеĵƳ磬ɼЩСʿǱķͬһ㡣
۽񡱻һЦ˵˾ĻֹЩ
ף˺һʱȻС۽񡱿Ķ
һĳмʮ꣬ԿΪµ⿴ѧǡµһۡĺͨˣҲұһȡϧ
ϧʲô׷ʡ
һͷȴ˫ӳȥԿ䡮ۡȻ˿⼸СѧӦϣ׹С϶δģҲЩϡٵ񹦾Ӧڵĵҹɡȴ˿²ⲻ
˲ɵһɫ䣬ͬʱת붢ס˲ԶļСʿ
۽񡱶ĹֲǸĹֻһֿܵĴˡһ´ڹķ
ܹԴһ˴ϰķƹ۵Ĺǿһʦ˰
һԳ⽵Сһʱˮһ㣬ĺëͬʱը
ӵĸоʵܣæӻͳһӣһģ˵˲⣬ǿߡ
˻æ¼Ⱥټ
СߣٿȻһ㶣ŹЦ

ǰ˵СһˣеԼĿռǺð
Ҷͺһ棬Ŵţ⣬ˡ
һţһĺóԡ
£ҶȥȡõĽʡ֮ǰħţõֻֽгȴټʦɽǲɹı㵱ɵ˰æҹһʣʱշлȡءɽ֮ʣȻ©⡰һѿ֮
ʦ֣˵ⳤսŸò׼ϴ˰ɣ
ף¡
Աһʿ̸Ҷע⣬һ߳ţ⣬һ֡
˵ССɵˣ˳˳գ˼ǵǹʹǲ˳ǻᱻѹŪãŸ³
ɲôƹҲ֪·ù񣬾Ȼǵ˳սţڼˡ
ƹۣսţ
ô£
һᵽƹۣҶСˢ
ƹ۲ǸƽСۣս˴£ǴͬʾɱӺɡ
ϧϧƹܱѣʢ˴ٲյĹˣ
ûֻȴǲ֪ⳡֻ
ҵЩ²⡭
Ŷ˵
˵ƹ۲Ҫôǻ˱Ǵġ
˻
ÿһţ¾ɣҪԳսűʾܵѹƹ۾ɣûõսŵֺ֧ͬ⣬ġ
⵹пܡƹ֮ǰͬǳɲ֪ȥսʾõطٸӦҲ˳Ը
˲ɵöƹ۵˳̾һ
˵ŻͻȻһ۵СʿЦ˹˻رͣһӵؿüĿСʿ
λãСˡҶһЦ⣬˵Сղżλͬ˵ƹֿ֪Ǻ°
˻࿴һۣһӵʵСƹеĵʿô
ҡҡͷҶЦСϼس۵ĵʿη·˵أ׼ƹ۽һżλ̨ἰƹۣѯЦСʿҲǻ
ԭ۵ĵʿ˳һСʿƹۿ¾Ͳýˣ˵£ǵͬ˵˴£պ󴫵սŶҲԼĹ䡭˻࿴һۣ֮ǰӵ˵ȰСĪҪɽĺá
ǡΪΰ
ʱ֮߳ݵҶɫֽ࣬¶¶˿ŭ顣
֣ңϼңսţ
TMDƱƱۡ
ҪǲȳɳʺTMDǵգ
ҶֽڼȫʩչṦƹ۵ķ򼲳ۡ


012 ƣһ
ͨϲԶﴫ
ϰҲ൱ձ顣
һСǿʤıȶȴΪĲʹµӰ챻֮ͽƵĿˡ˴˴¼ʱգһӦڴܶŹС飬֮ɱĴ¼֮£һӰֵĴ¡
֮ǰϵʿ㶼ӵһţƹеӸ޹˺ͬν֮ܡգгսӢӣսƹۣʹ֮أţػְ׵;
ǳսŵĵ
Ȼƹ۵֪Ȼսŵ֣Ϊ켣ЩµĽʿûһҲġ
ңϼƫԶ֮˵йʲôĴ·һԹȻܹ漰սšŴɣǼֱȫϼʮﶼδִˣ֣Ǳس˵ĿĹ»Ҫ֡
ǣĹܱһԻ㹦ģ൶彣ĸ˹Ϣͨϼسǡ
ʿƲ⣬ε¼ǡսšһִ켺Ŀʼսš֮صԼĸȲ룬ֲµսĵλԳսšÿһʱ䣬һԱغŵϴвԼλɴݻٴ
һΣǷ⡰ƹۡǵһµأ
Щʿ²׷֮ʣƹۣСɣ桰սš֣һԶĵϴ˿

лλ׺񰮣һòȮСŮٸλһ˻ǹԵ֮ɼΪұ
ʱĳڣȻַǳϲֵ飬ȫȼ
ˡˡ
ڳڳ⣬죬òֵʱͻȻ죬˵עһ֮ʣԶžشһ
֮һʱ֮㶼̿
ȴɽ½ŲԶһԴ̵Ķжǰǰˣǰʮ񺺣Űӣö̹ϼ·࣬һˣװ룬ưͬʱ鵱лż֣ģһʱ֮䣬죬ﳹ˿֡
Χ۵˴ҿ쿴Ȣ
ȢײؼңʲôѵǵʿȢϱ

ǿֵ鲻ģñţó·ӭǶ鵽˹ǰĹ㳡֮ϡ
Щ֪ʿڶ黹û߽ʱ򣬱ѾվλãҺõӽǣ͵һѵһˡ
Ӱģʵһյġͻ⣬һ֮ˣҴææʰһ£ǶЩһ˱ǰĶūɢ·࣬ҵˣеҲǶūһֱ̧Ӷ·ϣһءġͯӣ븸ĸ࣬һʱ䱻ŵ۴ޣֻҪ衭ǶԸĸĽѣȴվ·ĴסԽ볡а벽ֻһԴһĺʾ⣬չ˺õܵܡ
ǰ㳡һʱɹҲΣĶڹǰվʮԽڶһſм֮֮չһᦺĸ֣ơ
һ㹻עֱ֮תս࣬м¶˳ȴŰ¡ȷǷ꽣͡
ߵһһɫ˰һӣֶֹͣ࣬ʮ´ȣСۣ󱲺УսաӢۣ۵
һͣ˵֮ͨǇRһ죬ֹͣϰǰɡ
˽кǰǰı飬ֱڳ˼ܱ֮󣬲Żֹ
һ֮ȴڳǧ˰ٺȫãһض⼸ˣϷһȺˡ

һ£Ѿ˹ڵļӡɵųҴææҪѲ˭֪·ȴҵסɲɵЩԻʵʦ֣˴Һιʣ
ҵ˺ǺһЦԵҲ㣬ʦܺʦҲµģдʦǱҲ˴кһΣǼ桭
棿ɵһɻתͷһԽʯһȻĺ񡭡Ϊΰ
ٺ١
ʦܣԴʦȷҵȴڹҲЩʱգƽʱڵӻ˶󣬴˴ЩյСսÿһµӵΪЦ˵ţһ˵˵˴γսν£ĿδȷҵȵݱóȻ¡ҵЩСǳǻ˵˶Щ棬ɵĴƳټꣻӮˣԴСҪʵ˵ﳤգҵʦŴδãϳĴУʧߡ
ɵ˻ȻƵƵͷ
һ㣬ҵµӳ棬ˣҲʲôˣӮˣսҲΪЩС¶ƹ۴󶯸ɸꡣ
ʦԼǡǣѵǾڴϢɣ
ҵ΢ЦԱߵĿΰʯȴѵȵòͷȵŸɵģȻȥˡ˵սȻҪʶһҲǰСܲ³սŵ桭ߣųãǽȥ˵㣬Ҫء
ʯһţһ߿ǽķȥȵòͷˣֻô˿Щϡ
ǽ֣
ôСʱɵ°
㡪
ˡˣΪϲһΰɣϣû˵ӿ


013 ƣ
ֵܵ˰ƹ۵ķӦ
㿪
Χ۵ͻȻһңάĶͻȻɳУһӳʮɫ۵Сʿֱӵƹµм䡣
ȴƳ硢桢»ʮˣƹ۵ӡ˿֣ʮֿģһѰ֮˵֮ʣҲΪʲôݣ̵ġû뵽һչںһȻǵƹǰġ
ʮСʿʢһӾˣһ־ͽ·ĶūڵأƢĵӸǺݺݵ⼸ūϲţ໵һҽУʱмվˡ
֣һ˵װڼսŵһ
һЦǣ⼸Сëƹ۵ĵʿǳӭҳսŴݹ٣
ʲôսţû˵Ϊ׵ȵ⵹Ǽٻδ¹ɽûӴļСʿô֪սĸأ
Χ۵ڶʿȻ
ƹ۵Сʿֶ;˳սŵӣĳͻǲɱˡ
ԳսǿƵֻ̬һ仰㲻̸еĿˡ
Ȼ滰һڣսŵĵһɫ䣬׷ŭȡ
ССĻɽҰۣȻҲҳսţܲ˱˿·ݣҪ⼸֪ôҰʿÿ
Ǻһʡ
Խˣһָƹڵӣݺݵ˵ƹ۹ȻȻҳսŷ˵Ҫֵ¼湦ˡ
ȱȣôϻ
ƹ۵ӿۣγҪ֡
šƹ۵ֹͬŵĳ嶯һԽڶȴһʮꡢüĿСʿ˵ĴͽܣҲǹеĴʦ֡Ƴ硣
ƳΪʦķǡƹĪر˴ܻҲҪ֣
Ƴ糯һ˵ȱȭʩ񣬻˵λʩɸƶƹƳˡƹֻǻɽСۣ£֪λʩԵʶƹ˵ӣҪָһƹ۵Ĳǣƹ۾Բͬ裬λһƹ֮һֻǸᣬνԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬƶԸʦλʩǣ뼸λʩĪҪɸꡭ
Ƴ署Щʶʿ׷׵ͷƹ۵Сʿмӵǡ
ǼսŵĵһȴһĬ
˼Ϊʲôô죿ʵʵ˵˵ԼһΪһ߱һСӴˣԼ⼸ô⻰Ҫ˵ȥʵ̫ˡ
͡һЦм˵ƹԼµ飬ѵҳôһ˸㣬ƹ۵ĵʿǷ˽֣ܡ
һ֣Ⱥкָ֣˵ǲ᲻ʶɣ
ƳϸˣȴôҲ벻ĺԥʱͬһֹһͻأ𣺡ףⲻϴθ´ܵǸôô
һ˽ӻϲϻͷöԷ˵ȥʶô˱ã˵ĿҲܲ³Ļõ˵ô
Ƴһ˵档֣ȶڳսеһԱƳȻû֣룬Ǽֵ÷зº˽ıȽġǣǴ۸ȷİοʱ֣뻹ǸߣʦܲǸͨˣôս˲Ҫ棬ô˵黹˴ĵ£
ʦλʩ֮ǳƽıȶ˵
˵ƨæƳĻͷڳǼ±ˣ˵鱾ԭίȴǶԼȲĲУʱƺӦ䣬мֹ׵ġҳսһһǶȻǳӣͻµűǡǲңƹ۵ͷҵȿͷϴҳջԡ
סڡԷ輰ʦţƳ̵Ҳɵŭҹ㳤սǺʦűȻλ£ƹ۽žǡ
ƳһһƬ֮
ʦ˵úá
ƹ۵СǣҲһͬкãһʱ֮ƾȻԷֺ
˫ţһʱγɶŵľ档

Χ۵ǣȻڸƽƹ۵ǴڶʿҲƹ۵СʿǲηǿȨ̾ѡ
˶Լͬ뵽ⳤսšͱˣƹ۵СʿҲǺǰȻսŵĵӶ߳𣬱˵֪սŵ¾֪СʿҲӲӲضŸɡ
ΧȺ治ԶһԸߵĲǼ嶼Զĳ֣͢һߺŲˮһҲ۷׷ס
СʿЩ͵ССƹ۵Щ˲šҲǸѪյˣСʿӲм͡
˵ЩȴʱƣͽǷաһɤǡ̼ࡱ̫ࡣ
ʱΣѵǳսűϢô̲⡰̼ࡱ̫༷ңЩջ˵Щ塣
˵ĲϧΪ̫ûʵ˵ĻЦϣ˵Ҳǣףϡյ̫ȴһЦתͷ˵ȴλһ򴹴ģġ۽񡱣ʱ۾һ֮ɫ
ôϣ
һңԶƹԶǽǴһ֣ص˵ƹۣؼͬСɡ
̫һʵ˻
һָԶ֣˵λΪҵȵĺ֣㶼ƹ۵
ϵġӵȻ棬֪ĸƹ۵ĵأ
ߺߣ⼸ؼһ֪и֡ոǳսŵӻ輰ƹˣһλ˲ɱй¶¶вءɴ˵֪ƹ۹ϵͬһ㡣ϸ֮̽£ͬĸ֮࣬ҷȷͬȼĸ֣λ֮࡭
̫໥һۣһΪ۽񡱵湦;۷


014 ƣ
ڶ䣬̾Բʮ֮ڣѧ糬ĺ֣ҵˣټǸСӣ⻹а֮ࡣ
ʵƹ۵λ֮⣬ﻹ֣
ָָԶ񣬡ǵ֣ȺУȻϡܹڵķ򣬲صĺܺãһֱȷλá
Żָ·治ԶĶС¥˵Ķ¥졮ĸ֣¥µ֮һǡԶɽھ֡ķԶɽһˣ֪ݡ
˵ָָ꣬ԶȺﻹǶˣʽ򸾣ҲǺ쾳ĸ֣Ȼֻǡ컯⹦ԼϢҪǸոļԼӣСй¶ͬԱϷ֡ȻǵΪҵȣҲ㲻вֻһΪȴĵ߽ˣˣЩɡ
򣬴һƣԶ˵ͷȥ
̫Դ˶Ϊ⣬·ͬһ㡣ߵЩ֣͢ǰڰӣʵ˾̽书ǿ֮⣬켩̽ıҲ˷ġ
ȻΣ˻ڻһ̶¡
һζЦ⣬չ˵ϡ¿е˼ˡǶԷȤǡĺ̽Ϣ¼£Ӳҵ̽ӣǳռһЩϱİϢġ
ǡĺ󡱵¼£Ϻ̫඼һЦı飬⡰ĺżı̨Ĵϰ壬ǻʵ۱ҲҪ֣ƫϲ̽һЩϵİ£볯͢˾Щ̽ȣǷĲ˾ǿƫƫҲǲЩרô˼Ҵͷµ̽
ЦһתָָС¥˵˸˼һǷԶɽɣһûôˡ֪ǸһĸȤˡ
Ǻˣ
ˡ
ˣ
ͨǷԶɽʦ֣ǲˣҲȤĺܡ
Ŷ
졪š
ţ
ؿֵһˡ
սŲԸγζʲô
̫࿪ʼЩ˷ܵ˵ӵϢ˵ŵĴͻ쾳磬ˡ쾳Ұļ󣬵һ򱻳սѹƣ˴ʵ״ǰ̽գ˶Կսŵ˼˰ɣ
۳̣˵ֱӶԿսţЩ߿ˡ
˵տһ֮ѣԺĽɫ۽֮ĵһ£ǰ֮ǰһ֧Լġһƴ̲ˡνһۡ治֪⡮šҪǺ͡սšݻһ󡣡
ľ󣿺ߺߣͿ̿Щ˵
Ҳҳ̫͢һ
㡪һŭ⡣ûӵˣ˻ϣûκζ
ǳսŻţΪԳּ͢мһˣſݵݵˣɣ˽ȴ˽Σоڡɺ𣬱ϼǺҲ顣
ôָʹͬΪЧѵӦȿǳ͢ô
ءҲ߯Щ
ˣһ߸ƷָʹҲӼң
ҿ̼࡯ūڻߴľˣԼҲɻ˰ɣ
ˣֵԴǹ˰ɡһֱϺ˵Ļɫͻһ䣬Ŵδй߳ôͬΪΪ˳͢£ܻҸǰܹ֮ҵġ
һʱŭƽȴٶˡ
һ̫أһĬĬ׹
˾ɵѲţ֮ɳ¸صĸ֣ʵΪ˾е͡߸롰̼ࡱ֮ìܵġһֱҲĶܺãʱʱ¶֣öΪСŶӵеĺģѲŵе쵼
ƽϢһȰҽεˣǿֱ֣ݵεȳ̶ȣ޹ء
ǻϵ˼ǡŭʵ
ЩĲˮһڣƽ˵
䡪

ڲ⣬һߵֵУҲֳ˲СĶ
ɺͺס˲ȥʯ
ʯòҺϣֱðش
ԱҵһЦλʦܣ˵ҲϴСˣôƢô֪ǳСӣҪȥɱġΪôûڽϱ˿
ң뿳ҵ˵ȥˣĴӲ䣿ǡǶ硭ʯĸŹϵĳɺͺһȥսҲʦҪҵʦδ֣ɱϳɽտƥЬ
ס졪ҵͻȻɫһŭȵûŵģʲôµ˵ʲô²˵ﻹûʶô
ʯһ֪Լʧԣڲٽ࣬ͷһ졣
ҵŭ䲻˵Ҫ˲֪Сʦ棬һӶɽϣɽҵ»ˡ
뼰ʦһΪˣ˵ܸɳ£ʯ亹ֱðæϴǣǣʦ֪ʦ´Ҳˡ

Ȼ֣˫Ųá
ȻϹУʵԸųԸԲԼˣŵҪԷһóƴ̬ҶˣΪ߳Է㣬ǡǿԪĸ֣Էһǿͷͻͻƴ
һԵĳȴѶԳӸеͣȵȻ˼˲ҳսŵӣ㻹ǰúֽһƹ۵ֶǲǸһ
дתͷһλʦĲͷԼҵֵܳĿʾԼӼȲаȻҲպڳսлҪշڴ˶ˣοСʿһΪߣûһǡǿԪΪֻҪӣʧ
һݣὣߵ˳ģһȵƹ۵ëǣģҳүүԱԡ


015 ƣģ
߳δ䣬ǱǡǺॡһνʵ죬ʮСʿͬʱνƵҲΪˣȴѳŵòᡣ
ֹû˵ȺܰôҪȺŹɣ
߳ɫ࣬һģǱߵƹ۵ȴ￪ʼۡ
ճģ̸С
Ǵʦ֣
ɱţʦԺȡ
ϡ


ߴߴ㡭Χ۵ǺȻЦļ
սŵĵɫԽԽʿҲ߯Ŀˡսźʱӹ
ƫƫǸ
һŭȡ
һ飬亹ֱðӲͷƤȵӦս
ƹ»ǰֽ̡
һʮġСʿͬ۵ʱֱӰνԾ볡ڣ˸Ȼ
ۡ»̫ƻˡ
˲ͬһԵ룬»һһֳһָһʽЦָϡֱʺһǳɣԽ¹๦»ϤѧΪ߹Լ࣬ʶȻȫ֣顣
һȻǰСʿĽ׼㣬ӦԲ
ȻΪսŵӣŲ£ֻѧһ׻ĽһĹҪڳҼҴȭϡý˵УԼ̣֮֮»Ĺһסսõİ죬ƣӦΪ߳»࣬ȴһʱѹƵ̧ͷ
˺
һ˺ѵ
»һ彣ұۣһ˳䡣
ƹ۵ĵӺȻкãսһĿ׷״ܡ
ѵȴ־塣ƹ۵ĵʹúýԼֵȴӲǻһԼղŰѻ˵̫µ⣬ͬʱְ޳֪ԼոţϰδԼ˱ȶ
Ը񱰱޳ܣոջŰ裬һֻԼѡʧһس󣬵֮࣬ԹˣԼͬţΪ˶һ㡣
ĵӱ֣ѿò̲ͣס󺰣ǡǿԪΪѧȥôóʵı
һȣóеĳһ԰ҵΪߣȶԷۺҺαظأֻҪѹһͷ
˼һɵðԼ侭鲻㡣תб׼ԷķĬһն
һ»ֻһɴϮеĳӦɣֻѣѪ졣
Ʋˣְ޶Է֮ǰԼ࣬гһƫֱӻ»ۡ
»ʧɫ֮£æܣȴһţиڣ˱ŵſڵϣһ۵һѪȴûվ

Ц񲣬̤˹ȥһŲ»ĺϣ붯ЦTMDʿҳүү㼸ɫ㻹ҵôߣ֪ҳսŵ˰ɣ
˺һСֵ쾡¡
˼ǳ̬һʱ
쵰
ס֡
ƹڵȻͬ衣Ӱһ֮䣬Ϯ壬һӿ򳣾»ͷϵСȡ
æȺ࣬һȴԭ֮ǰԼаƳ硣
Ƴʦֵܼ˽»̧ȥȻԵ»Ѫۡһʱߣŭȵ̼㵽ΪֳֹʤǣΪͬţ
ҡʤһıҲֱüȿЦ׳գΪ֮ͬϷˣô㣬ˣӾһѻƹۣЩʿһ𻯳ɣ
˴󲿷ֶʿƹ׽֮飬֮ԡ̬֮һʮַŭܶʱ
Ƴʾ⣬ѹܵ˵λʦֵԹսһӦսɡ
ƳΪͽС㱻ϸ̵书Ǿĸߵͣǽľһھڵӡڵܣк֮ڶ
Ƴ絥潣ʩ񣬡ʩ롪ȴݲȣΪƹͽ
ЦֹгһڵϣЦԸЩţӣòý˫ֱӮˣɡ
д˳׼ԳҼҴġơԵСϰﷸȡǿ֮ƫƫװһֵĸ̬
ƳɫأֻӶԷڳһƣ㲻ѿԷȭϵĹ߳ԷǡǿԪΪԼֻǡ徳ľ磬ƴռˣֻĽӦˡ
оһ£ϱ쳣
ֱֱüģŽһӰһΪųظȴǡʮм߱仯һС
ΪȭȻ˽ֱĳƳвףһʵԷԻϣк˻޴أ
ɻ֮ʣƳʱУ仮Ϊ㣬ֱԷ
һ죬һƬ
ȻһǴƵĻ󣬹ֲòӿƳ簵Էգһסʮʩչ
ĳͬʱҲһû뵽Ƴб֮졣ոĻĳؿŸĽȥһб˱һʤٽսˡ
˫ʼһ֣֪̽Էȡʤ㶼С֣սһʱ˽״̬
һжԴ򣬾ɫʷǷֵĲ´Χ֮˺Ȳ֮ףкõ䣬ڶ


016 ƣ壩
ųڵı䣬۽񡱻üͷԽԽ
Աߵ̫ؿɵ¶ǳЦο뷸ƹ۱ǸɽҰۣսҲ޵УΪһ۹⡣
üĿһЦ˳˵ΪΪ֮ǰ²ƹ۲ǣԶڷôϻûô档ֻ֡
ʲô
ƹ۵ĵΪϰڹͬأ
ǰսƹ۵ӣԼ֮ǰļСʿڹ֮ͬǰ̯ļСӣڹΪΪһɵĵӣȻ׶ξֲͬĻڹʵڿƹۡ

ƹһöʮ׸ߵ֦ϣһСʿӭƮƮɷǣ罵֮ͯһ㡣
ѸٸϻصҶ
ҶüͷԶԶųеıȶ»ʧܸոսּƳս
ƳԾڶԷĸŶԷй˼һ࣬ЩңӱԷսԽǳ־ãԽǲ
ۼƳƵѹƣҶֽ滻Щյӳƹ۽
ССǻС
ƳܾѶҶڰͲס׼ϳ
ƹ۵һӣԵо黹ǲ㡣Щӣƹ۵ĸҪɲģĪ˵ضʦšᣬƹСɣҲվòȡһӣǸʦŵĸʦ˵ĴҵҪƳʮꡣ
һӴӴøɳʦһҪʮϵѧϰʣµʱǲϵĴĥߣڵʮ꣬ʱʮʱ䣬ΪҪʱڣ˴ѧǽӰһĺ£ʦͽ˵ǰװ˷ʮʱ䡣
գǸʦӣиɫԸ죬ѧѧҲܹԸ񰮺öвͬĲͬģʦеˣڴڵӵͬʱҲ˵ǵĴֱĵӵʱҲܹһʩ̡
ӽһһΪӵݣҲΪʦűҪ̡
ԭƹֱһӣĪǶǾϸѡĶġͨĵӣҲΪˡ̫ԪĴĥ˳ͷĻᡣһ˵Ҷɵĸ˴ҵν׾޴

ãʦֺģٸһӮ˵ԪغţǴʦֻȡʤƹ۵Сп¾ûӮ
ֹ棬Աʮƹ۵ĵӣһ޶˼ɤӣƴкá
ƫƫ˿̣һ䵭˵
ߡǸտʼʱƳܹôηηβÿ콣УȡʤϣµԳʮС
ĸ˵ӡбǽŻȵʱƫƫˮͺñվ˶һһٱ̣ڡ
䵭۵ƹ۵ӶߵػͷѰҲ۵Сӡ
ǰһӢʮ㵫Ϊ䵭С˧磬ƹ۵ĵۣİ
㡭㣬λʦ岮ĵӰƽʱôûôģ
ԪԼͬţ˲٣Ȼзߺޡ
Ŷ˵ĻǲͷĬ˵ʵ鰡
㡪ʤδ֣˵˵ôʦֱأеӴ󲻷ʡ
һ˼Ȼ˵ǸճģӣȭŹǿԵо鲻㣬ƹ۽죬Ǵʦܹڿֽ׶Կ콣ٹʮ֮ڱȡʤƫƫʦ־¶Է񣬲Ӳƴܣ֪ԽӣԼԽǲԷǿߣǱƴʦֱȡʤáҴʦһãΣֻеĻͻʧܡֻ¡
һƹڵֻþоȻȫܣٿʦֵıȶһۣأкһʱ֮ͣЪ
ͬţȴ˵ˮСʵᡣԪ޲ѡ
սõΣеӲޣԼ꣬ô𸴡
ңű˫ֱ磬ޱֻ˫۵䣬Ȼ˵һƣ֮ڿȡ
Уȡ
̫˰ɣֻһѡ
ƹڵֻһɺ紵
˫ۣڵһ˿ĭĵһġ
˵˵ƽƹ۵Ӿһ˸һ˻ʵԡ
㡪㣬ʲô֣ԪͻȻоɤЩ
ŶңһתͷľȻᣬһûи飬˵ʦܣФƷ塪

ϵľФƷ²һ޶ʮ֮Ƴֲ֧סˡ
Ƴ紦ŶֵȻѹƣһ̣ڱһɨм򣬺˳ȥгҲһڵϡ
ƹ۵һ
ٺٺ١һЦһŽڵϵƳ߷ɣߵƹ۵м䡣δй泩ĸоֻ֮Լ˶ԱԼڽ£Цƹ۵һ֣ƹ۵ĴôŵģTMʦѧİɣ
һʤһ󴵴򣬼սŵĵɫźÿһЩһЦмضƹڵӣȴɵó֡
һԲ񫣬뻳Уͳһ׼õ£һ֣Ƴϡ
ƳظľʹͷϵĶһȴǸŮõĶǶƳ˲ֻ߷ѵһǵͨ죬·ʱܼѪ
ЦôС椡үȭͷӲɣүǸǶϣֻҪ⣬һүүǣ¾㷭ȥˡTMDǴ
ۡƳܲסԷ裬֮ǰһˣһֱŲ³ѪҲͲסͬʱҲ˹ȥ
ܳѡԪֻһһյԼȫޣĿѣν򳣾˹ȥ


017 ƣ
ߡִ̫ʯҲܲסȥס
ףҸ
񵭵һЦһָʯɻ󣬻ͷһ򡪡ˣ١ԭСʦҶѾһĳڵӵƣڼ
ǡСʦܳˣǸ£δҲ֪Сʦܽˣÿס
ʯԸֱŭЦתٿȻʦֵܶһЦ

˵ӸƴˡԪŭνǰ壬˭֪һ䣬ѱͯ˳һӣܿƵصͬŵС
Сʦ塪ƹ۵һ֮󣬷⾪ϲæһͬ
ҶԵͷʦصһϣʦ̵ֽĲ
սŵɫвءⳤӵ£˭ԸɣƫƫǰʤóǸС˵ȥвЩϣƹܳһԴܳĸ֣Ҳ滻һϳû뵽һСʿ㶼ʧ͸
СʿͲ󣬵ƺֲͣٸкã书ÿջ۲гɵġ
ʤ־ʵƹһѷĿ̬ȸŰ裬ŸոճֵҶʩչٰ࣬㳰
ϣƹһװ˵Сģ͸ϵĳˣôֳ̥ëû˾ģǹĴҲ߯ûϢˣԼ¶ͷСĳۡ˵СʿǹĴ˳ɣҲǸ£ͷ㣬Ҳÿ˻ҳսֻ۸СءԾڴˣģ
ҶһЦ˵λ̨˵̫Ӯ˲֪
ͿҶ񵭵̬Ƕ裬пͣƾСҲҿң
ݺݵ˵ûҪС֣ƾҲҶ֣Ҳ֪˭Ŀûн©ˡҪӳȫ㡭
ҶӵĶ񶾣ֻɨһˣϴĳԼ֮Щ֣룬ȴһϷʱĳмصǡһӿԼĳսŵӡ
ǸƹΪǵҵڼ̤ƹ۵ϣ
ãܺãǳã
Ҷ䵭ʵŭ
Ҷͷһ˲侲ض˶ǰڲһŭ⡣ëǰģԽǷŭԽ侲ҶһܹúõĿ
ҶƬָ̱ȻһЦתһֶʦֶ˵ǰƽѧѧ㵹ˣôһȴԴɵˣŵĽԸһƽӹ֮ͽŵôһһʽ壬֪ͨڶˣСʦʾһʲôý֮
Ҷһѵ⣬ȴ漣ڵаȻ̬ȣ˵һ˻СʦܷȡʤǿʼעСʦ嵽׻ʲôʽȡʤƣһɨգ֮ǰɥʧģȼ
Ҳ⡪Ҳһɡ
Ƕඡ⽣Сʽģǻģý֮ڡˮ⣡
Ҷ⻰һеʶʿ㶼ȳ
ƹ۵˵Ǹǻ̿֡
֪
ƹ۵ڵһͷڹη·Ϊ˵ѧղʦŵ似ˡ
ҶĿ˵óսŵĵӴŭ׷׺ֹһҪǰֵļơ
һֱԹ۵ĳʱɫ࣬ԱҶĿλͬ۽ĸ߰ȻǳսŶƽӹߺߣӮǰλҳղõʦܣ˵١
ϣλֵͦ˵ġϧҿλѧ粻ףϧ⽣ߺߡ
ô
ǡôίʵô

ܲ˱˱ԼҶóŭգҲҶ׼ںƣȶԷͨȻ֣һСšǡơеɱУոƳභûʩչһСʱжҶʵǺ޼һٰܵе˼Խһʹ˲ͻӶ
һѸͣǳʮľУơеٶȡ׼ȷ԰յ߰˷֣Ѿһ˿ȭֵķɡ
áͬĳսŵǣɵΪһƺʡٴ󺺺ֶҲһͬ룬һʱΪˡ
Ѹ̼ͣҶľֻ࣬ҪһƻУˣɥҶͻȻ֣ۿڼԷȻδκηӦһĨЦⲻɵó˳ϡ
ԷԼĹӦֻҿԣҲ
ҶЦƶ˼ھһ˲䣬һ䲻ݷرܹһơʱֽö˳ؿڣҶһĽʵĵ׶ˣ͵رˡһֽʶгؿڡ

뵽ԷУ˲㱻Ѩֻؿһƣһͣ⣬һôֱͨ죬ѹ쳣
Ҷһе֣ҲɣŽһأ˳ֽصֽУ潣ߣ̱ѵ˳ǰһֽط˳ľࡣ
˿̣ոճһĨЦݣûȫչ˲䶳ϡ𾪵˫ۣȴųЦݣ䣬˸е档
Ϊкõ죬Ȼֹ

ǧ˵Ĺǰ㳡ϣһʱ֮䣬һһİ
ʱĳԺһƬհףôôôôףô䣿
ɲĲǳһ̵ܽƹڵӣһʱ֮ҲˡһŵضԼҵСʦ壬·ոʶһ㡣
ҶڳͷһŵĽٴλת˹Ǻһʡ
ҶУƮȻɡ
á
һƮ˵׿Ⱥ
ܵΧ߱һѣһ˲䣬㳡ˡ


018 ƣߣ
Χ۵ĽƬ̵ļž󣬱˸Ȼղ΢ĳҶһܣǾʮִ̼
Ⱥмʿ꣬ɻ󣬻˵ף˲֮ǰǴϢСʿôϼ۵ĵʿôǺֶΰ
άĺ´ŭĿɨӹ
СŵһüһЩųս̨ɲǡ

Ҷһе֣סˡ
͵վԴ򷭵ĲŪʪ½󶼲Ϊ⣬䣬Ӷһͬų˹ʣɤڲزס˷֮ȵֶΡ
̫Ҳһ̾ϺСʿȻס
һ򻰶Ļ˴ʱȴûпڣһ˷ܵɫųеҶбԵ飬ֹţܺãܺãܺáһɣһɣֵһսˡ
һȴ㶼һ˵ã⻪˺¶ݵӸòʱ˰ɣ
˺ݶҶı飬Ƕһһ㣬ɵЩԺڣ뵽ֹֹɣֹˣϣǸСʿͺá

һӵФƷ忴Ҷһͽܣֵ𾪡ĽȫҶ̣֪Сʦ֮еӵĽһǡʮѣ֮ǰСʦ˵Ҫ̸׽ӦӦãȻͬһ׽и֮أ
ФƷ彣츳һֱܸߣҶֻһ齣ƷԽ׽ǵ߰˰ˣԼϰͬ˿൱
ôõԼĽҲͽ⡾ʮѣ϶׽ġ侫ˡƽֻҶڸΪĽʵͬһ׽кθΪ֮
ҶһܴǰĳФƷǰȻһԭʹð
һ˲𾪣ФƷ˼ֻͣͣǲͣػСʦո˵Ļ
ģǻġ
ˮ
ФƷüͷоһȴųԼǰֱɴĵطֻҪԼһƣźһͨϽް̹;

һڰʦֵǸǾ治ѣˮ仰ֱ˽ʦֵ˳Ƭ֮۹ȴȺƵҵ˵ϡ
˼Բˡƹڣ۽ߵͣλңûεҵ˵λѵ⽣ҵ˴Сʦô
ҵ˱˻ӣһ㶣ȻʧЦλʦֵĪᣬ⻰ɲҽ̸ģҵˮƽǻ֪д˸򡪡
ѵʦڵĽķ
δءһ̾
ûʦ˽Ҫд̸ҵǵһʱ֪ġǡɵ˻˴
ǣ
һ̾˵ǡСʦԼԽĸ򣿡
һʱ㶼ĬȻʧСųСʦܣʱ˿ֻ̾õԵģƤСʦܣһλˡܡ

һߣҶȴһĵսʵʩɹ
ԭҶ֮ǰϣȸִΪΪҶľҲûǿԪȻֻһ㴰ֽôϾûͱƣ໹еġϴԷģǼŭԷǿȡս
֮ǰѵӵоȻȷָ˵˼ҪһʤȯպĪĸоöǣţҪŭԷȻˣٹȡʤ
ʵϣ֮һУȻҶԤݵġ
㣬㡭͵Ϯŭ쳣ֲԼױ˱ˡʱ˵Ҷ͵ϮȴȻ˵һֵԼ
ΧȺ𣬴о
ѽǡ˲ˣǳսŵı°ɣ
һԱʱԪˣ̳ʱ룬賣ˡ
쵰ո˱ȶһӵĻΪܵ裬Ҫǰ֡
ͻȻǰӰһšžһһʹȴһ͡ŭ֮ʣǰ֮˾Ȼǳæڶ໰ȥҡ
Ӷ˶òôȥ
ҶۿųԱ񣬲ɫ俴Ÿǰĳ˵˸Щеõľ͸ó˰ɣȻ֮ͬǰȡʤ֮ʱһ޶
սڵӲȻŭոʩڶԷϵʹԼϣǷ裬Ŀŵس˼һǶ⡣
󵨡
ţӡ
ӮһŵĵӣҲ˿
ʦֽ֣ѵ֮ͽ

һףɫصصγˮһʾ⣬˹Ȼһ׺֮ɫضҶ·ڿһ㡣
տšУܳľӢ֮һ츳飬ʵΪڳ˵еٮѧΪѾﵽˡǿԪ죬߳Ҷ㾳硣Ϊأ
λͬ˸Ľóĳ۽硣δ̡
ƹۣҶ
۷׷ס
ǡ塯ֱİǲɵĵô
ûûֲùôߡ˲𡭡

Ҷڵ̾δų˵ǲҪ˷ʱˣһ˭
û˻˵ĲԼ棬Ҷ˻һڣɫٿȻһ䣬ɱʢסеĳڼ
ʦ֡
һȴ˳ɱͷһȴԼͬʦֵܣͬľӢ³
³ߵԣԴ˵ʦ˵ȿ֮ͽʧݣʦӣʦѹ󣬿ʦ
ͷӦǡ³ǸԼһͬǰͬŵУԼΪ߳ģǳţ̨ӲͬлһΪ״ӡ
ǰġ
³ʦˡ
³ν֣һԾɾ룬ֱӵҶǰһҶ˵λСʿողǴӮҳһʦµµӶѣǧҪɾϣҸǸǲһġ
³Ա߹ս˺þãԳƲ˵⿴ȻԷǳ֣ͬ³һĳԷ̡
һ仰ԱߵĳҪѪ


019 ƣˣ
Ҷ³ĳ⣬°һ˵λսŵѣմ
Ȼйоأ̬޲Գ³дŭȴǿס˫һȭＷĻ˵ս³ָ̡
Ҷ飬ҪҧƵģﲻɵ΢ӣһŴɣȴ䲻뵽֮ǰȡʤ֮ʱ˵֮ҪԼԼֻۻۡѣңұ֮
ҶֺҲֻ΢һͷ°һԷ˵롪
³һֱӳ֣һһɾ磬õУֱֱҶ˳ǰ֮³񳣾ǰУһϳȫ֡
Ҷ²һıǼǰ½뿰һ磻
³һãϮҶŸһתһǰһ磻
³ҽǰһͬʱ˵һֱҶǰأҶȴͬһ̵ֱĽȴͣǰһ紦
һľ뾹ȻΪþʽϣ޷ǰһ
Ҷǰһˣ̼䣬Χ۵ȺڣһԹսڶ˵ӣûоҶܣ²㶼Ŀɿڴ
ֻΪ³ʹСսҶܿöԷֻǰһ紦ͣ¡ɴ˿ɼҶ֮侲þ֮ж֮׼ȷֱ˷ָĵز
üĿһһãһĲɵ
³ȻҲע⵽оŭ֪ǰδ֣ղŽܣƾ͵Ϯ汾¡
ȻսУֻϸΪĽˡ
³һ˻˻죬ȴ񵶷һĴ󿪴ϣ˲Ҳһ䡢ʵ飬̼ǧáףһڽв
ϼʮý
̨ʶĽͣʧ˳
ϼʮýǳսɵľѧ֮һ佣侫ƣҲǡտԳľѧ
սλݶĳɽɽһȣ֣տڴϼɡƻõľһʱиУסϼʮý
³ʹ·ԹĽƵҶȻͬʱҲţҶ׵ͣٴοԼ˶Ľ뷨һ̬̱ó򶨣нʽչһʱ֮䣬ٱǧõĽͬһ㣬
³һʹסϼʮýҶѹҲܱ֮ǰǰĵˡΧ۵ȴʼտףΪ˴˵ʱ̣ҶǲֻòܶԷĹ
ȻҶʱľٶЩ⣬ҶȴҲֵĽǽŶԷĽ˼Լǽšŋ翸ѧ¼ϵͳġ⡱ǷЧ
ԭ³óϼʮýĵһʱ䣬Ҷ㿪ˡŋ翸󡱵ġ⡱ܣӣ¼ϵͳ³ֵġϼʮýľű1֮ٶü˷ҶʮӣǡϼʮýľҲ13ĵز
ҲǣϾǴ鱾¼ȷ100ѧһһѧϰһѧܻЩĶӦÿĲͬĳ˵ĶԭѧϾѶ̫
ҶĬҲܳսŵӵĴΧΧߵ۷׷ףר־ܶԷĹ
³·ȻùŸ˵ָ㣬áϼʮýɽ֡ٱǧõľҪڹ㲻ף׽Ӧ֣ʮȥδ˥ǰĽһɵĽҶĻռԽСԽۿҪײ³ĳ
ʦСġ˵Ͳסһ
Ҷɫһ̾ˣл¼ѧɡҶھʩչˡ
ֻҶ벻֮УȻ㿪³ĳȻ󣬷Ծʩչ㹦˲³֮ľ룬ͬʱƹ۵ڶӺȵڶҴϸš
˽űȶʱ̣ҶȻŸµָ似³һʱ䱻̣Сëװʲô⣬бܣ¡
ҶһЦ˵Ըˡ
һ֣һƬѸһƬɵȻƬ赲ҶӰͬʱһֱ̣ʺȴǡʮõһСЦָϡ
ٿ磬ֱɡԿҪ
ףǡЦָϡƹ۵ĵӴг
Ѿת»ĿתضſΪͬʽڲ֮ǰ󳣾֮ʱù
һֻ̼ĽսʤԷ༶Ľأ
³һὣһͬʱѸٺ࣬رһķâ
Ҷʽ䣬ȴǰһԾֻϵһ䣬³ʺһһԾܿ³طһҲɴʺתۣʽ䣬ȻСʮġЦָϡ
³һŵûɢ˲
Ҷʽ䣬ָ³ۣǰ·³Լõһ㣬ĺǰÿƺһҶǰһȴָպñһߣʹ˼ʱҲûС
ҶƳƶ䣬ֽŵɭϷȣС㶼иɻ
³˲;仯Ȼܲڱصõһ³վ֮ʱҶĳطľ࣬Ƕȡʽλã֮ǰȡʤһһ޶
һɲǼ䣬һֱ˼ФƷΪšԭˣԭˡ
Сʦ壬ҶˡФƷһߵлͬһʱ䣬ƹڵӶͬʱּѵı顣
ǵģǶˡ
һ˲Ľ֣Ҷʵж֤֮ǰ˵ĽģǻģҲʲôǡˮ
ĸߵͣԭͲڽýˣЦ
ҶȻЦ
СڻеԵģҲԼѾ˼һˡ
³˲ɫޱȲ԰ףΪ֮һᣬ˿Уǰλ΢˫ۡһ΢ЦҶضָߴԼԶе
һ֮ǰԼͬһĲҰܣڣѾ֪ƹڵΪСʦ塱ˣʵΪϵľ֣ԼֻԶԶ޷ԽĸɽָоֻԶԶտյʱйʱͬĸоȻһδͻơǿԪСʿϣûЦȴʵ顣
³ɫ԰ףҶջسƲͬʱ˵á
³ңҲȴǺĹʩһ漴߻ԼһȺУͷĬȻ
Ҷ紺磬ɫȻ糣ųһͷ˵λ̨ǲǸˣ


020 ƣţ
ֶΡԶɽȲɣ֮һĴ̨ҳԶɽҲΪ⣬ֻ²ؽųеҶ
ԶɽϵĴ㣬ȴڳյŵǰùģȰⲻɣԼ档
û뵽·תСʿ˵˵ãȻʤսŵĵӣŵһɶԼˣҲѪڣѡ
ƹۣδɣܻƣʵڲС
Լ֮ǰƹ۵ӡȫԹˣΪֹԼԿǳĽɫ֮һȻǡԪΪȴ˿֮ģžƹ۲򵥡
һƹеĵλһ̨סԶɽмѣƹɻûԼԶɽھֳãȴôһӵɸԼ޴ĹԼΪһ֮ǿ¹ȫӣγԶɽھֲܴ˰

Ҷų˵λ̨ǲǸˣ
ˮŭ벻³ڸ֣նСʿС
ǰСʿͻƹ³սԼϵƣȡʤԷĲȥ֮ó׿Ľȡʤû뵽СʿڽϵΪǾˣȻȥ³ϴɵġϼʮýΨһϣȡʤģԼˣʲôȡʤأ
˼֣Ӧ֮
Сʿ˫Լڽĳɾͣñ³ǿ̫࣬޷֮ȡʤΨһܹռݾƵģΪĸֻҪԼܹסԷĲöԷʩչṦ룬ҶһķΧڣŶԷԼһܹȡʤ
뵽˴´󶨣ʰģЦСÿĽҳ̸ˡ
ҶȻ⳯£һվ롪
ٴ򻰣̤ǰһĿԷ̬ǳսŵľӢӡ
ڳ̤֮ʣһǿҶδܹѹ
Ҷɫһһ¶ı飬ͬζסĶΪҶһγֿʼǳǺ³ѧ綼Ǹ߳ԼһᱻԼݲȵȳ֡ȼߣѧ粻ҶȻܹ˳סֹ˽̶ȿɼһߡ
ҶɽЦһǳսŵĵȽˣϣ㳣ʧɣ󣬵ҶЮʤսŵӵʿһ˾ǿڳԡ
Ҳ𻰣̤ǰһƸʢ
Ҷ۾һգգصų̼ԷҪҶڹΪԷҪȡʤ˽ҪơԼһֻƣⱾӦһƣҪٶ˥ˡǶԷԼ̲ͽа˳ɵİյסĵһ֮ͬĳҲһƼԼٳû֣Կ졢棬ٱսʤԷ
ǲͣԿҶ㣬ҲҶԿɳ֮𣬵ѧ߳ĳȻأƽ֣ѹҶĻռ䡣
Ҷ˿̼ãҶıս׼ƶֵĽࡣ
ڳԼҪصһɲǣҶѸޱȵǰͿһԾߵľ룬˼ľȻĳڡ
Ȼ˫ʱȺ󣬵˾Ԥݶΰ㣬Ųͬʱء
һóһֻҪٿһԷԼĹ룬ԷŵˣҶͻȻһ֮˲뵽˹ΧмĹʱƣ֮£æݳҲʽǷ׼ֱӹҶš
ҵʦֵܿôȲɣСʦܾȻһвȵóΪòȳ֣ʵǸ֮תۼ԰ƽ˾档۽񡱻һ̾Ϣ̫زɵýһá
о䣬Ħȣ˷ܶòѡһȳĽ֮ʹ³ոùġϼʮýڱɵĽƵУһ֮ʹΪĽɱ˲óȻ֡Ӳ档
ҶдʹóġʮвżС˽ĽӦСͬʱѧ¼ϵͳ¼ֵġϼʮý
ʹͬһ׽Ȼ³Ҫ߳࣬ŋ翸¼ٶһᣬ㵽30ҵĽȡ
Ҷáŋ翸͵͵¼书
áϼʮýĽвͣѹҶĻռ䣬ɽƣΪ֮ʩչһ׼
˫뷨ͬһ˽ýŲ
ڣ˫ʮ֮󣬳Ʋɣ׼ҶվλΪΣʩչһ͵ɱУȽҶߡ
Ҷ͵һˣһŵ棬Ҫʩչ㹦Ծգ볣֮ľ롣ͻȻһȴҶ͵ؾѣԭûԶǴȺΧ۵
ԭ˲ֵͣͬʱҶ¼ѧ͵ֵĹȻûעԼλõı仯óձƵ˹㳡ı߸ȻⳡûзΧƣֻҪԼڿձãɻ䵽Ⱥȥһ㲻ɵҶгһ¡
ᡪ
·ʶʱΪľһǰĻᡣ
ץסʱҶȻ𣬴ӿ£гΪʮϼǡϼʮýеġϼɡޱȣסҶǰҷԲһɵľ롣


021 ƣʮ
ԷһٶҶá㹦뷨ƲΪȻԾУռ˾ԵķλƣʱҶԾǸ賣ǿĻᡣ
Ҷ˱ܲãֻƴȫһȫķ̼۵һ㣬һỮСʯ쾪׼Ľ⡣
˭֪˫һ֮ĳӦɣȴǳüƣʹһʽУĽУʵûȫҶжϴһ󣬻ӳȥֽʽϣջأʹԼǰŴ󿪡ЦһֻΪƣӡҶš
Ҷֻ֣֮Ӳ˳һơ
һ챬
ҶֻоӶԷĴһӴƥڣƻԼǿֻҪһƻԷһڣԼʱش
֮ʱҶĵС칬͹ѨٿȻһȣõġС๦Ȼ̼Զתڵû뾭ڡ͹Ѩڱǣһת͹Ѩһʱʹѣ統ͨʮ칬һ㡣
ҶʱԭԷԼĴġС칬ԶˡС๦Ļ幦ܣÿһġС칬˻֮⣬ǵֵļǿݡ
ǰȻֹۣȻʱ˳һƣԷδ֣͵һɸΪ񱩵һ䣬˱ƴ
ҶԸ˱ȶԼΪƴɡ
ֳֽ򳣾ֻϧҶʱԷϮֵһûļӳ֣˴Ķޡ׼ĳһƴ䣬һϮҶֻðҲסԷϮһơ
ʱ˫Ȼ֣ȫƴ̬ơ
ǄxǵĽ棬ֺ޻ɵĶƴȴǺתˡ
ҶáС๦ġС칬ֵס˶Է֣ͬûֶνЩֶηȥֻܲͣɶԷֵͬĶţһ㣬ЩضԷڡһʱ䡰͹ѨʹѣôȥѨػ١
ûа취ҶֻõȫڵƻضԷڣԷӲ
ڵϣҶģδ뿪һЦȫҶʱԼϣۺҶԼĶأ

͵һȣһģ͵ӡ
͹ѨġС칬ڳܲסԷϮڼҶԲȡ͹Ѩ٣΢ϢһؿڵġС칬Ѩ
ΪڶߵѨ֮ܳʱҶؿػ۵һѪ˳룬Ϣȴɵһ壬ҶһѪڵ˳
ʧ˵ƴ
ʱҶڣҲһı仯
ֵѹҶھʣѹեҶÿһֵҶ;ƿݣһ֮ʱʮڣġݡԪһξѡ
ҶֻöһڵȻӴ쳣ġݡԪҶľ֮ڣȫѨһ·תΪ㹻֧֮󣬡С๦ٴԶתڵڽתۻʱٿɵǧȫ
䡪
Ҷоڷ·ʲôһ㣬ϢǾǿͶȣһΡ
ûͻƵľڼɳѹڴʱͻˡ
ǿԪһ죬ɡ
ͬһʱ䣬ҶҸȪѨ۳ɹС๦ġʮ칬ִͨ
ҶϢȻǿóо˲ףӦݽߡԼ˵ҶȻڴʱ˫ۣһʼڹӡ
ܶʼÿ֮ڵĿøڵ࣬ƤͿӴĸ̡ܸ΢һжͬˡ
СӣȻɶԷѹڶս֮ʱͻѧ磬˲𡭡۽񡱻˷ܵ̾ѡ
ȷ˲𣬵ҲΣ֣Сʿ粻ȣȷϢкܴļʻ߻ħ̫ز̫ͬر۵
߻ħǺǣǱ˵ȷˣ㿴Сһ˱ΣգȻڴʱĿϢ֮ǰùʲôҩŻӴľԪ
ֵƴҪֹͣĶԺˡ
ҶŹԷΪˡ̼͡ȼ˫ѹҶʮڵ̾ԪܻǴʱ֣˵ЩʣľԪҪأӿգȵպƵĻᣬһҪˡ
չ֮ƣҶˣ͵ؾһ£ֵ۵һ³Ѫ
һɬԣԷͻ˾磬ҲܻӴǻˣڽȼ֮󣬻϶ĸɣϢѵ³ôСʿȫ෴Խøأ

Ҳѹֳ˼룬Ϊ˭Ҳ²ҶڻôġݡԪΪͨʳƵĵرҪôܲסҪôѰҩմתΪˡ˭ὫЩԪڻڣû
ʱﻢ£ȥ˶ãԼһգʱԷ壬˶С£ĿܱǱԷ࣬һغ
ԴУһҧһ͵سҶ˫ƽ֮顱һ˫ը
Ҷһת
泣˫֣ɫ԰ףɫ˵СüıȻ㵽ĳҪƴȾȻ˼ĵҩ㾹Ȼ㣬ĳˡ
ҶһŭҪֵ߳޳ܣͻһ뵽һǶ˵Լáݡȷ˼ĵҩҲΪαŷõİ
ҶһһЦɫų˵㻹˵ˣҺܾ֮ǰͷһЩҩֻһ˵òԡ
ﲻˣ
ԸķֵʲôҩҶɫΪˬ̵СүǰӳθãЩҩûգ㶯˼֣ҳ˳㳩ͨŻڵҩҲɢˡɲ˵գֻ˵㵹ù
㡪һûڵ
Ƣٴǰˣϧڱ˫֣ڲܿƵţ˵֣ȭͷ߬
ոƴһȻ⿪˫Ժĵ˫ƣһ³ʹԼˣͬʱֱеľҲأûʮյ㲻˶ˡ
Ȼʺͷߺޣûֵĵز
ҲܱȶҪãƹۣҶⳡӣպʱ


022 ٽβ
Ҷһ΢Сһ㣬һνı飬΢ЦΣλʲô֡Ǹָʼλ࣬ûס
ɶ񡪡
պ
ҶڶԷɱ˵۹У˵ټأǾʹأ
ҶЩϷʵؿһ۹򶨵ĳһɨ˳սŵĵӣÿһ˶ÿֱӡ
书ĳԷˣôȡʤأ
ʱȫѻȸ
Լʵ֪οҶѿˡǿԪʵ֮տʼǴ
ңǡɤ·ʲôסһܣ˵ǣˡ
ĳսŵɫ˲䣬㶼ڲԡ
ӮӮ𣿡ƹ۵ĵһŵʵ
ӮˣӮˡӮˡ
ֱʱƹ۵ĵӺΧ۵ڲűһУ㳡ʱ׶
ҲãҶ˵ϸûһ˿ĵۣɵ˵Ǿˡ²Զˣټ
Сʦ壬ܾôߡ
ԣܷǡ
ƹڵӸԣԼһͬű˵֮أܵ裬öԷ˵߾ء
Ҷ̾һΣԼı⣬λ׵öԷôһ֮أֻʦıԼΪ£ܲǺʱսУʵǣСһЩޣǶʦΪİɡ
ҶҡͷЦڵ룬ȥ
ĬȻ˫ؿԶȥҶ
ôܣôأһֱԹۿĳʱ˻ţһֻ׵г˲źͿ־ɫδŵԼģΪбʤİգ¼λӢӵӵļλʦ֣ڣ⣬ü档Լǵ£ڳսнˮһ㡭ǣе붼ʵ÷顭վȻˡԼһֱŲʧܵĳȻˡһ߻ҰСʿ
ΪλӢȡĿģǵûдɣΪԼĴ˶ԷģԼɳ˼Ǻ޵Ķ
쵰쵰쵰
Ϊ㣬ΪСʿŻġ
Ҫɱ㣬һҪɱ㡪
ʧȥǵĳУҶ͵س˳ȥ
һáʱûս֮ʱȡ衣һ͵شһʹѪӿ֮䣬ɵһͣʱҪȥסˡ
׳ա
һ񣬳ԼĳҶ³ѣԸˣҪԼ֡

ȫ͵һӡ˹
һƬ֮ʣֻǰӰһԭЦ׻һűľȻס
ֻǱ˫˫ɨһ£͵شһǳɱ˫ŵûָ
ͬʱһ޾âĽǰɱ̼óʺƤ˼Ƥ
ȥһѾطˣһ꽣ͣʱ䡢λ׼ȷ㿪Ȼӡ
ظоǱԼĺ֮󣬶ԷȻʱ䣬ԴݲȵرܿԼȫһƣԼͬھİ취ûС
ɱ
һỽ˵̾ϢһỮա
еɱⶸȻһת䲻ݷشԱ߻
սתȥˮȻ滺
һƻӵ˿մվ˵ϣһһ΢紵ֻоմһһɾʹۡ
һѪմ
ԭһ˳գ˵ǸĽȻմҲ˾˵ӾЧ
ΧһȻԭƹ۵Ľֲֹһ˰
ﱻͨ۵ƹۣһ˲䣬øߴʥ
ҺʵǣʱΪƹ۵ʤԵĻ֮
ȺУǼҶṩ鱨ֵ꣬Ϊ˷ܣĴҫţСʿɣǿǸ缸ĽŸϻƹ۸֣Ǹ缸ѡ
ʱά´󺺣һͬĿ⣬ȴҲηԷƵسŶԷȻš
ɴ˿ɼսţڳڶʿУɥʧ롣
Ⱥʼòӵڼȥ

ƹˣ˵ĵӣһ֮ɫţߵſڣȴһȣһӵСʿӹӭ˳
үүڴˡĸ۵˵ָҴүүĲɣ
˱ԷĴɤöֱ죬һǽﵱֵ£ղһȻƨɺһüĿСӣȻƴˡ
СʦãλʦˡСʿƴϴŸ۾ظλʩ
¸ƴһֱںɽɨʦõеǰָͲ֪֪ⳡ±ǳġ
Źǰ㳡˴»Ƴ綼֮⺻ıƢ˲䱻ȼֱӰƽʱõ÷׮һǴȴϸһ˶ߵľ׮ʣ໵ؽкţһ·ɱڵ˳
ȴλʦֵߣͷСʦҶ
Сʦ壬Ҵ˵ģ
Ҷеһ˿ͷʹüǿղ
ˣ
ФƷ²һ仰ȴ׻
쵰ĸ˵ô򣿡´أڲ
вʵĵӶ´˸ɫָһָ
˲ϲԭûԶ
۾һɨȴÿԶȺе֣롣ΧһȦ´󺺣ǰŰµ꽣ͣСһɥһһڣ˵ȺҲΪ
߾ӣС֣ϴǶٶûСӳԣƤǰɡ
һ˹ߵľͷ׮ӣ֣ͱ˹ȥ
ƴһûקסֻøһ׷˳ȥ


023 ֦
֣һֱԱ߿֣˱һٺ⣬¶ֵʹ졣ʱȴͻȻ֣űԼߵĴľͷӳԼ˹ŵøεѣȵյɵTMϹû֣ǿģΧȺڡ
սŵ͵ɱ˵Ŀ⡣
֣һ䣬пЦˣڵˡ
¿ɲ鱳Ȼ֪⼸鷳ȴ˵߻ŵTMD˲ˬ
⼸սŵĵҲ¾˵ĺ˵ǰ֣СӺһٵСʿһ˶ģTMDߡôһĺӣǸжʮߡ˰ɣ
Ҷ͸ոճֵСʿǰ֮˷Ĳֺ䱸
µŴľͷ׮ӣȵȥɡ
£ҹһȴȻͣµ²ˤ˸ʺ
ǣСʦ壬ҡ
죬ڣϿ졪
²ʵشһ˶ľ׮£˵ķսŵӹһĭһ
ƹ۵ĵʿTMDǹﰡ
´ͷɥȥĩ˻ͷųսŵĵǺүүƹ£´˴ܼǵõգӦսӡ
TMD
ǣСʦ塪
ľ׮һƨƨߵ˻ȥ

ƹ볤ս֮ıǻˣ㳡һʱΪĻңΧ۵Ҫ뿴һƹʤСʿڼȥ֮˷
ܵܣܵܡ
ŮʧĴѰʧɢСܵܡո˿ʵͶ룬һգ۵ĹСܱܵ㱻ȺɢˣĴѰٲشţϧѱܺХȺûˡ

ݣһתͷ֣ҵĻԺ֧ơĺɽ֮ʱ棬ʱѵŭȵǴôˡ
𳣾Ǹ֯ߣһɫעʧǵĳʱĿܹɱˣѱǧС
Ȼͬ䣬Ŀ֮޴ľٶ
üˣһ緶ûУһɵӵķɡʧʹԼΪЦʦܶԼԹ޷ǳսŶ˶𡭡
Լô͹ϣ׳յĽԡ
²㡢࡭
ȥ
ʧĳһ㶣޾Ļںޡ
ڡ
ΪʲôҪ˶£ΪʲôҪ飿
ޡ
֣룬ҪԼô¡
ǳҪҫԼ书Լôżʤ
ǸСʿҶҪ֣һеĽ᲻ͬ
ŭ⣬ľȻԼһĶȥĬģͬһĻɽԼ͵ʴףûлƹۣͻԼĲܣΪʧܶԹޣһʱкͷš
߼䣬ǰͻȻһССӰǰܹסԼȥ·ŭ޴й̧Ⱦһȥ
ء

һ۵ĲҽУССӰɵ˰յС
綼һͣ͡
ǶһʹӰط𣬱Ӱء
ǵһ߷ɵССӰԭǸˣһСǸСкΪȺɢп·ĸĸ˷ܵرܹȥû뵽ȴ˳
ǸСк˼صơɫ԰ףѪȻץ˫׵֣˵Сۡһϣȴ۵û˹ȥ
ǶŮʧʹޣźӴֹ
ǳԼ߷ɵһСӣΣȵTMDù
ǿΰ͵תͷĿзɱӿ֣ȵɱ㡪۵ǰһƣ͡
뵽һյľȻ˾˵֣ҪȻֻ˫ֵۣϮһơȴ͸еıһץסȥǧһ֮ʣձܹǴ͵һƣ˫Ȼɨһ˫±㱻ϣ˱ɨ˰С
ʲһˣһƴʵĻϵ²һ˫ֱۣعˡܹһ첲Ƕϵֵˡ
Σͷ˳һȻк޵ҪҲһԼǰɱԼͬţοǸ˻ԼͬڣǸ˵
ǹϵսŵ⣬ݳԹۣԼͬűɱȴصڣԼǰ;Ҳˡ
ʮУר쵰ģʲôĻ¶ǹ
һ죬ط˳ȥҽŸոպ䣬۽ǴƲһӴӰһȣ͡¡ɽ
ڰ֮УһȴҲܲˡ
䡪
˫ƻг¸мҪһʹϮֻһǰһڣٴδ˳ȥûϣѿ°ĭ˹ȥ
ĿѣʱѾˣŭһͬţﵱɱ
һ£սŵӰγųֵӼһӺͺһƵɱ˹ȥ
Сʦ壬ء
۾ƴϣҲһĺʹһֱŻ߻ص£ȴѹ㳡ϵһпУȻһ۾ϳ˳ǸǮء
ƴһȴѰֻŶŵҶ˻
ͷͬһ㵹ڵѪСкźʹĸף߳𳤿յӵʿһǱͣ׷ɱƴѵǮء
ҶֻһѪϮԺǰһƬͨ죬ȵҪҹˣһ߲ˡ
ƹڵһʱס
Ÿ򣬲ټһҴ򡪡
áʮƹ۵Ӧͬբͻһ㣬˻һԾ֮ɫĳսŵӡ
⡪Ҷ㿪Ǹӡ
ڵó˷ܵһдľ׮ǰʦֵܵ˻һŭ𣬳˹ȥ
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ϧʱǰģ£ƴϡ
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ƴϰһ׳գʱȥˣ˭ȥ˴ܡ


024 
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ʱԭļ֣ȴѲ˵
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ҵˣ׷ЩвСʦˣ㳡ߴѶͬʱ˶ϤСʦصԸԲĻʲô⣬һͬβˣɽ±ȥ
ⲻ֪ǰһߣ֦ڣһ±òܿˡ

Ǯغ߳һгҪǹˣҲԼΣС׷ĳյӽжصҪּֿ졭
СǮṦǺã⡾㹦֮ǰҪһݵ̣ȻҪ̫ʱ䣬ƫƫôһʱ䶼ȡյӽסǮسṦѧϡƽҲûһʱΪΣ
յӲƣǮǺˡ
䣬Ǯؽһһȴ֪ĸµһֻգ۵Ĺ򣬳յӵĳ˹ֱظ
ǮеĿ־壬յϵЦһɲǶ񡪡
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Ǯ´󱯣Ŀ

Σʱ̣һȴԴյһͷȴжϮɻ䣬ͷءײһһŰɫķ۳Ȼɢ˲ʱסΧʮ׵ķΧ
á
һĳյһֻס˫ֻֿۣ賤סȫ
ȵ䶨һѩ׵˳ǰյ̣ʱŷνġʯҷ̧ۣۣͨͷȥѰ֮ǰʱȴﻹӰ

֣˿Ҳеɵۣǰһз̫졣
鶼Ѿˡ
ƹʤսʧܡ
Լһŵįߣͦʫİ
ôǳôᰡߵĶһѵĵˣ˵ѵǴ˵еǽȻҲ߯ˣһŶ߳Ǽƣ㳡ϣû֡
˿ΰ󺺱³յΧһ˫ƶսҿ֮䣬ܹ࣬ɼ书֮ߣѰ֮ˡ
˻װˣˣ⣬ӳսŵôͿҲףǰ
սŵ˱ϾԼģҲΪԼʱ֣ȻŭսţϼҲ֣ҡҲ֣ܶⳤսŭǶ֣֣ҲԴȥˣʧ˸֣ܷõսŻǳҵ֧أ뼰֮ǰˣ˵ûһָϵģʱ֣侮ʯŅ̀ˡ
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յˣһʣһ˲֣ܳΧΰڲ֣һ׷ɱСӵʿ
Ѿûжˣƹ۵ĵһ漴̱᲻ͬ
Ȼ֣ܳеʽУɵý֣Χĺ´ŭȵһȺ֣
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ǷǳֻԴض֣˵֣ܣΪβ³֡ѵľô
֣뱻һȣûعġΧһ˾顪ȻҲ򲻵ãҲﲻãҾֻһ취ˡϣ
֣˾ϱ㿪ʼ˱ݣװһʧǵӣŵ˵磬ô졭ô졭¶ҵһֻҵָ֮ʱֻûǶ֡Ҳǲġ
쵰֣ү˵Ļ֣ҵܲ
˵ǼˣɱҴ򰡡
֣һ˵Ƕ֣ȴӲҪ
⶯˿֣ǿ˽⣬ټ֮ǰүһԸӣȻ֪λүǴϲɳӡ࣬֡
δĽٴ󺺣ɶЩǴŹģĲ˵ֱµģеףһСеغţǱģ׵ģǶ֣ûš
ԣԣģֵġ
֣㣬ܾֱѳ÷ȴֺް취
֣룬ҳսԣ֣ҳﲻ𡭡
粻ҪѴʵ
쵰֣롪ҳҾʹһϡ
簡һˣܼȣʵûа취

ﻥ೶Ƥһתۣƹ۵ĵǱ˹
ӣTMDʲôأһϺȣȴ֣ȵһ㶡
֣ͷһŴľ׮˹¡һ֣֮䣬֣׼㣬ʱųһ亹
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֣뱻һ׮Ƶеƨһ֪һȴðԼ˸ɡ


025 һ
һ֣ڼĶŭҪƿڴ֮ʱȴµ˴µյĳսţȻ͵ϮҼӣ
ףʲôսŵ͵Ϯң
֣ɻ֮䣬ȥԼԭվĵطվһѩ׵ˣų¡
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һ仰ñԵ֣˲ŭ˫ͨ졭
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ûܹ˵Լпŭͷʱȴ֣һֱָܾɵð֣Ӳţкޣ͵Ϯ֣룬ֻҪһٽסɱ֣ҵ³ֶԿƹڵӡ
ȴ뱻ϸ¿ţ֣һľͷ׮ƽ֣һԺȺУʱȫˡ
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λ֣үһ۵죬һ߿ʼؼ֮˵ˡ

֣ҵһߣϵת
ε֣ܶһ߷Сˡ⺷±ռƣȴһԸƴһƴ򵹣űһշɣյӣǸΰ󺺽ֱЩƹڵһӵϣ̼㱻ڵأʮ˫Ѿžͷߡ
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ҶûзԣȼӣԸ̧⺢ӵʦȥʦ־Ρ
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תͷҶǮء½˻һһǮء
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սŵӣͬʵĳȥ


026 ֮սһ
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ӼԴӹгþûضһˣӼҵĽΡ
Ƭ̣һ𣬰ĽӰһӰ¡˾ȻкֱӶɱС
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һȣӰȴǳ͢˾ĸְΧֻҪ̫ܹ߱ϣؿչƣ˲ɱС
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һߣ̵һð֮ǰһĿʯ飬鿪ɽԷĵ֮Ȼѡ
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ʱǴźȻأҽУ͵粨ư㵴ֱͬµҶһ㣬ҽŷܣµҲҵ䣬ҵĳҲ֪ж
Ӱһ䣬һʮͷĵʿȻվԼǰ˴һһ䱸֮ɫǰһƴּһƷϵԼֱ۵ˣȻǸ͸Լ£һ֮ʿֻʣʵŸղſ͵һǳС
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˼䣬á˻˻һ죬һֱϮ֮˱Ƚġ̼ࡱ̫Ȼأ߰˰˵ػ˽ۣÿһʿɶֹֻ·ȴδ˼ֺ̫ȴΪĹȣ˹ȥ
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һʱ֮䣬ʮ˾ȻöԷ˸Χ֮Уֺ
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֪ҵÿµΪֹǸΧ͢ٵƹʮζԵ
ߣңΪҵȱ㲻֪͢ɷôλѶСʦܶɱҵȲŲԸǾ塭
̾һݺݵһԵĻˣĵСսԸĻˣƫƫԸ񱳺󻹲ЩųֻҸԼ˽֣Щʵû嵫¶ŻŽ֡һΪĸ֣׽
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⻰Ҳҵȿɲƾһ仰ˡˣλһطСۣҵʹʦ١ɺã
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㵱ҵɵӲɣ·Ȼݹֱٲ
һѲ͵ʯʱ𣬴ȵģԣ


027 ֮ս
˴ŭҪ֣ȴԻһȣͣ¡
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۽񡱻̾˵ϻҪһˡ¡͢ξһƷͷ˳ơ۽񡯵ı࡭
ƹλʦֵٿȻһԭͷӣôᵽƹأ
ҵһֱ֮ɣЦԭǡؾϵʮλһ˫ۡһ˫צһṦƾġ۽񡯻Ǿ
۽񡱻ɫ࣬˵ԱҺţɲΪ˲һӵġֻһλ֪һмʤ㣿
ҵȻһЦ˵Ϊҵȶ֣Ҫƴʤȴ֪
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ҵĿһжһ
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һɵı飬˵һжԴᣬ֪λɷԺƬ̣һ׸أ
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۽񡱻أĿоȻ˼ڼٵתУԵλ似߳ʵΪɶõĸ֣书ΪأڼλʹõѧǶǣڹؼطڣΪ֪ǰΪɡλȻڣ಻ţȴҲʽп
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ߵﻹǲðˣҲΪ࣬Դһݹ͡ɫһ䣬˵˵Ǹҵ󣿡
ǡ
˻ͷŻɫص˵ϣѵ˱һֱҵȵĸֲ֣һֱ׼ǵķλħԷˡ
ɫһ䣬˵֮һֱҵȵĵɡֻǣ벻嶼һ·ݣħһ·ٶҵ֮ʹǡ
Ϊֹһͬʱɫ䣬Ĭ
ǳ𶯳͢ĴٰȻħӰӣ󣬾жıأ
뼰ЩǣеˣЩԷΪơΪĴҲֻ⾪ıеһǡ
һΣһıǰηˣʱŸеԭԼ˵С
˸еδйѹǵһѹ˹
Ҳ̽ƹ۶Լ˵ǴλҲ˵
һ˾飬˵λѾú򡭡ҵһͬݷˣλΪҵǡ
ٸλ롪
ƹһʩ·ȥ
˵˴кæˡԵļˣһ̤˻عƹ۵·̡
ֻһΣһŻȡȻħ˲УԼʹƾмʵѴɣݼɶУƹ֮ڱȻƹ֣˫ǿǿϣ֮Уջ㲻һĴˡ
תͷһۻеĹ̫أ뵽бҪ£һ̼ࡱˣƹ۵ǿҵȱС̼ࡱǰĽ̳棬ҵ̸еĳ뽫ۺȡ潫࡭
²ͣȴ̾һ뼰ǰУడ࡭һУûô򵥰еۣ϶û뵽ɡ

Ҷ侲ˡ֮
֮ǰŭϻ𡭡
ͷۡǳ֮ͷۡ
ѽ˰
ǰѩ׵ƨɣԼǰӭչƨгսżɱ˵Ŀ⡭
һ˰ɡ
Ҷǰ齻ƳˣԼոսɹҪȶΪڣ㵽СԺУţл͡
硭զզذɣ

ôӵĲš
ˣˡǰˣˣ
ε¼ǴɽţԼڳеǰˣ˭һ˶۵״أڳңԼĵλҲԵɡ
ҶȻ˺ݶһض
뼰Լδˣ
ڶʿָָ㣬ܵĻᶼûУֻܱ۾Լµ
һУɣ

̫غͷټȻתһأһ˲ˣ㶼ɫ԰ףЦ
һͬɽ˻֮⣬͢һ˿ƹ˱ž룬Ȼͣ˽ﶼŶԷ
Ƭ̣˱㵽֮ǰĹ㳡֮ϣԭЩεյ˲̡
ֻ㳡ϵĴϣ߹ѩ׵ƨΧڵĿвţȼһս޵С
Ǹʲô
ʦֵѪɫ
ⳤսǵĺˡ
һ㶣űǸ¸´Цض㣬ֻԼͷʮ궼׻ˣȻ˽ܿôһϲ磬Ц졣
ҵյص˻һۣ
һ߲۽ᣬһߴϢЦԣԲ𡭡λСʦǧųһϡ
죬쵰
Ǹ׳գҲƨɡ
ʦֵ۾ðս
λĪѽðɣϻôĵķϣҾٰһСæټе
ǡϡټϵߣ
ټһʮܲͷɻȻɫһ¶Ȥı飬˵Ϸģ°¹ϡ
һ᳤ǰڣټֱ㳡ԱߵĶС¥


029 䶨
һᣬһɵķԶɽһֵ̿˱㱻
ټܲͷλٴƣҲҲӡ
ԶɽԶԶؿ߼ˣȵʿҲй֮ԵֻԱ߼Ʋ֮˴δæִͼλˣ֮·ĳʵںգųԲû뵽ֶ÷ĳװ׵һ
Զɽû뵽鵽Ȼչ˵ز֪Щȥˣƫƫķչ÷ԶɽǲҪȺɢȥ֮ȥԼʦˣּսŵЦҲߴ٣˾ôС¥û뵽Ȼᱻܲͷټ֣˳
ˣŵȳƹ۵ڴлɴ˴˼λԶѣһͬƶһͬźá΢ЦſԷԶɽ˲ԣԶɽҲûжʡ
ҲݣֻװԶɽ֮ϾԼУʱй¶
˻һʩ񣬱һͬȥǰָʾƹ۵ӣΪսŵɰްǼɽΪǡ
Ƴ˺ȻӦŵֿʼæǰæ󣬶ʱⲻ˵ڼյЩȭš
ȥ·ϵĳսŵʱ۽񡱻ͻȻһЦ˵ע⡣ֻһסԶ˵˴һԷͻȻ֣ΪȴôҲûܣ˲㱻סţ亹һӾð
ҵһʱԣɻؿŻ
Զɽһżʵλ̨Ǻιʰ
Ц˵ȻΪ˸лλˡ˴ζλΪʹ˴ǰν֮µ⣬ŵշҲҰô
һȳɫȻٿȻ䣬ʿƹ۵Ҳһͬôԭò˵ˣȻŵĸ֡
ΪսŶͷųζʲôأ
ϵĳյӣ˲Ͷ޵Ŀ⣬ǶʦŴеĳӡ
һֱĿԡҵĳʱ͵˫ۣ˫һʱεضס˵ӡ޹δͻȻһ΢⡣
ţ̫ˡҲһ

죬սŵĵǱ㱻ˡЩһģĶ֣ƹ۵ÿһӶظе²ʹ˽֪ʱͻٴαʱ򣬽ڱǧٱ
۽񡱻̸ܳһҹ˭Ҳ֪˵׽̸ֻ֪һȥʱֱͣʮ

ʮ⣬ȻתӣȻڲ࡭
ǰ治Զˣλѱ͵˴ɡָǸ̬˵
λһ·˳硪һͬ׵
˵˹ֻ΢ЦСһ֮ǰ˫󶯸ɸ꣬һ֮˫˻շѣ֮棬Īڴˡ
ӻУ·ʱͻȻվɻʵҵС϶һ²ܲߴͽ̡
һվɻؿŶˡ
Ŷ뽲ҵҲ֪Сͷ«ʲôҩ
һ£֯һ˵ǣʵ֮ǰֶս֮ʱϮضһ֪ı仯Ҫ´Ҹ׼أ
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˵˰䣬˶֪Уһඡ
ٿȻ̧ͷ죬ĬƬ֮ڳһͷϷɫ̾ˡлҵҶɻ󡪡
ס
洺磬·»һЦݣ֮ϣһҡͷһ̾Ϣ֮ǰϡɽͬ͡һףʬ廹ŻػǰĶɱֵУɱýظһŽ͵һӣһֶεԺ޶¡֮һ潣ͣŽͬԴȥ嶼ġ¥һ«㡯װƵĺ«·Ҳ͵Ǹ«СǺǺǡ˿Ǹɱ˽ͬĽͣҵˡڴ˾ȹٵǡؾ񡯵ʮˡ
۽񡱻һӣһȺ֮ɫ£һ·ЦԶ
һɫңĺ«ȴôҲû˺ȾƵ˼
˿ΧһͬŹɫʦֵܣʯһߵı˵ܸɳָң
Ҹ߾˫Ͷ˵ðɣðɣҴˣҴˡҷģǵһΣҲһΡǲ֪ǡ㡯һһĺþơιι˵߰ιǧʦ𰡡
ʦֵԶȥӰҵ˰յӺף̾ùͷһ
ǻͷǸܳԿ
ԻͷԸǺԼͣɡţֱӸĺ󡱵ݸӣ֤ԼĴͻһڵġؾϡ
ԺӣѵͣˡˣˣؼɣպٱȡԴȥ

бߣƹ۵ĵʿ治ǶԼȻ˵һǹʹȷе˵ű˵ǹʹֻҪǼսŵĵӲǴһʧȫԸš
ܸһһ£ܸһһ£Ҫǣʧο۵ͷϣɻǼյٴ˻·
žһһᱻ߬
ǸнľͷǺηʥ֪ҵأ
ֻоһжһƬУԽԽľ´Ҵңϼֶ档
յ飬ϱĺáνأʵʵ˵ȻУ˵սһֵų켺жʼ˰ɡ

֮ҡʯƹ۵ĸӣȫɽȥˣδ֪
ȥ֮ǰҶܳ谮Ķӣܵͷ롰¼á¼Ҿ飬Ϊ꣬ڲó¼áһ
ڵӣҲرһͬѵ⣬˸дƴѵùе챳ֺ᷸
Űƹ賤սŵ飬Ҳº󴫱齭
鶨۶ϵģ˼ˣСĺ󡱵¼£صϢԼٶȵһڵġ¼˲䴫ݡ
սܴ裬Ȼưոݡһ֮۲쾳Ϣˮ棬ӦģĴ֣̲СɵľٶҲһͬ˳˶Сɲ˵ŵҰģԳս˵ĸ֮
ŵıжչһ֮ڣֶ汻Χ֣֮սһųͬ״ӱɱ
һʱɵĻ𲢵С
Ϊ˴λ˵صƹۣȴΪһֽگѡ̼ࡱ̫گݷóսɣƹѱ͢٣ͬ顰ޱһֱð᰸Ϊֹ֮ĶԹǣƹڣͬı
͢һֽگڡơսźţۺεȰԵʱҲͬ͢Ȼԣֻʱȴƹףо˶Ըǿĵϡ
ƹۣӹһ٣


030 
ҶһؿеġƴѵԼĵһ񣬱ǽ¼ٷݣԻ
к֪Ϥʿ̣֮֮ͨƸһ֮֮顣֮ģ̫֮ɣҵ֮Ź档κ˵ӣֻ֪ͼԶƽΪ¶ˣ֪ƶн䣬ҵ
֮Ϊ֮ᱲ֮Ǯ֮ƹ֮֬࣬ũ֮Ѫ޹ܡգԴ֪ͼ޳֡¼аƶĲ̰ڣͶţٰ̣ƭˣͼ磬˼޹
ƴ˵ֲ֮ΪĪ˵Ⱥѧ֮йժλصoйְй䳾й伣йʧй̣ʿйй丣һй񣬸顣ο֮ߣޱӦ̺ˣԵдģǣɷȣծ
ѵת־ʹǰǣգ;аҵ粻ʧԣһڤ;ຣΪࡣ֮ʱ֮μˣϸ˼֮ӣ

֣ʡҶҲɵ̾ǸʦвšҶ˵֮⵹ǲѣǳдٷҪˡ˵¼ٷˣһݣҲϼѡëʣôôþȫ޷ʶˣдҪ
ѵСүഺҪڴôˣʲôͷͷģڿɲЩʱ
Ҷаһҧëʣľ˼ߡ
Դӹǰһսչ⾰ˣҶռʦֺϲԼġ¼á˵ǳ¼ģʵǹԼĽաǰһսԼķʽ̫˺Ǽ嶼ƹ۴ʱٲ³
ƹΣֻʱǳսţպʦųУѹʵڵġǰֻʦųУһֱڰ˫ʵʽҶһֱɡ񣬳սͷϵߵвҶһθܵϵѹ
սǲŹԼģŶڰԹԼ
Ҷ룬ںǰ״£Լѡ񣬵ʵΪȣŬԼʵΪأ
ҶѡʵΪֽ׶εҪֶΡһԼƹ۵ĸ̫ˣԸ᣻һ棬ǵǿ󣬵ʵַΪֽ׶ʵİ취Ѿ࣬ԡŋ翸˵ҪõĹҪߵĶһԼӵмܵ83㣬༶ѧһֻ2ΣޣǸԼһѧʵǰﲻ̫æ
ʵǲͬˡ
Ҷɵ·ݣĵСү˻Щ˼ȫ桢䵱ңҴɵ书ķȫӾͲˣƾŵĸѧҪ˲һɣTMDգҶã
ǣҶʱ䵥˼ֽ׶ļޡ
ȣȫķ͡㹦ռŹڹõѡҲֲʦŵͼȱʧź
ΣʦڲǷȱһɱУʮȻҪǷϰԽĴеȻϡԵ֮ʱɱ㡣
˼ҶĿ׼˻ɽɽڵɱСɽϡ
ɽ̼ƷѧԽӹС˵Ц书Ϊɽɽ֮һǽھ֮һ껪ɽɽŮϱȽڵнɱں֡ܣڶûɽһְڶϸнָнħֻ󽣷ȴһɡԦȴֶշȺȽʱУҲʹƽʱΪɱĽھǱж
һʽһǳɣ˵Ѹݷǳɱϡ
׽Ҳ伫ȱݣǾûжӦڹķӳ֡
֪½ϣһ׽ɻʽ׵ķͬɵġǵֻнУڹķʹĽûġ
ӹС˵е磬Ǹ磬̽ûҲɻˮ𣻵磬Ǹ磬ӡС๦λΪ켶ɼһߡ
ԡɽΪ׽ǴĽУڵĶַ֣׽ȻӴ̼ȡ֮һ֣ԷĻ֣ǿûӳֵĽԷ嶼̲ȥɱ쾳֣ǰ׷ԶԷԷƤ
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֮ǰҶáŋ翸󡱻10㼼ܵһѧȻáѧϵͳӦڹķֻȥҶ10ܵʱ䡣
ǣһ죬ҶõһƷĽġɽʽ׵·ṩ֧֣ɱ˺ֹһ̨סɣƾ
ġɽҪ⡰һǳɡĸϡνġһǳɡ˲Ϣ֮䣬һʽٴ
ʹ似ÿγ֮ʱӦһתҪʱٶȵģܽٶתµԭ򣬲ΪԼӽٶȲΪתٶȸϻӽٶȡ
ɽڵϣ߻ӽٶȣĸ֣ޡҪһܹͬʱкתͬʱü죬±Ҫļһģһһĸ֡
ȻĹһ㣬̥ԡ䡿ġаŽԶѸݹơ
ġɽܹ֮һĿ꣬Ϊ½ʹý˲ڹһ˲䣬㹻άһʹУһǽٻǹ˲
Ҷѧ츳ˣɽ浱еġһ롾С๦Ѩ֮໥ӡ֤֮һ޶֮ʹ׽Ϊƹжһ޶Ĵɱ
ֻҪŽĿھǡɽĽбԲֹʼУֻҪʹߵľܹ˲䱬ĳκνͶ˲һԽһƣ̳Ľٶȷӵ¡
Ҷ˿еֽ壬дģѧؼȫķ㹦͡ɽ
һ룬¶ģŴ⺰ֵʦֶʦɹһˡ


031 Ͻѧ
볯͢ѲŽˣƹ۵õѵõĴϢ֮Ҷʱ䣬ȫԼƹ۵սˮƽ
ɫصؿе壬ؼֱΪȫķ㹦롾ɽ
ÿһؼƹĿǰΪҪ
ȫķ롾㹦ֲƹڹṦȱĲ㣻
ɽΪƹṩ˵ͼ׶ǿɱ˽˽Ϊɱɱʮ㡣
벻벻
Сʦܣɷ֪Щؼ
˵ԴŲţ
š
Ϊʲô
Сʦţܹͨɺ׵湦̫ԪΪβܴ˵ȹ
ҶЩģõ˵ǾЩɲóˡ
Ҷ̾һװһԱʶƵα飬ճյ˵ʦʵˣƭ㻹ûʲôɾ͸ءʵѧϴζħţ֮ʱƷʯϷֵġԭΪֻǻ֮û뵽֮󣬾ķᣬҼлȱ뽫׳Խ֮
΢΢һЦ˵лСʦܿϸ࣬ʵؼҪҪƹ۵һġ½ѧʢǧжָ֡һʦûɽˮ֮أܵõλǰֵĴУ֤СʦܸԴ񡭡֪ʯ̡
Ұѧ¼֮㽫ʯ̻ٵˡ
ЩϧѼ¼Ҳ޷ҵȼȵǰ֮УԵ䷢ǰ֪֮λЩѧǰ£ҵʦΪλ𹩷
ɶ⣬λǰСҶ˰죬û˵ӹλӲʵǱ𡭡
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Ҷһѧ˫ЦСصʦ֣һʱޱȹԸߴ
Сʦʴӱѧһ֪٣вĴΪСʦռѧǲСʦܿϷֺġ֮ǰи㿴ļλʦֶӽ𣬵Խ̵״ͬȣСʦĪҪרѧգʵΪṩһĻרڡһѧСʦʦ֪ʦҵȵһƬģ
ҶĬȻصͷ
ŶˡߵſڵĳɣͻȻվԴ˵һСʦĪҪˡ
ף
ǳĴŶСʦܿһҪɣȻʦĴǺŶ
Ҷ˲εǸȱͷӡ

ùùû뵽ԼһʱôĻˡԼùܿడ
ְдġƴѵһ飬Ҷ¶ĿЩдã֮רעѧϡ
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Ӱ˵д˼֮ǿ·ĵһּһƵòŻ³
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ŭǳСүƢһͰѱʸˡ
Цϣõʿ֮ߣֲѧʲôдְѵԺŲɡ
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βסĵĽ꣬Ҷϲ̫ͣѨ
񰡣ȾҰɡ
ͻȻǰһ֮ǰڡŋ翸ϵͳע⵽ġϵͳƺС鷨һʱԼ˷ѼܵȥȡЩùⴿȱۣʱԼüҵĴ£ϽѧհɣδΣȽǰ¹˵
ˡŋ翸ϵͳ
㿪ϵͳ̱ڵһŵġ֡塢顢͡ҽҵˡ顱һ㿪һʱһϲԭ鷨һУɵһ׶εҪֻҪ2ܵ㣬ڳΪ鷨ʦ֮뷨ǾûеģֻҪܴﵽдĿˡ


032 
ѡѡ̴ˡѧϰǰһ׹ȻһЩЩдֵļ
һԣȻּ࣬д̱˳
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¾㱸Ȼʼдģһ񣬱һյʵʩԼļƻˡ
ʦĴⲻȫͶ룬Ͷ֮鷨⾳ˡ
ϰˡ鷨ѧ֮󣬶дֹȻвͬ˿ټСʿȫͶУû֮ǰִ֮ʶˣһǻעֽϣмˮ˳⣬ɢǹӽ֮Ҳɢ˿
˿֪ǣ鷨רһʱоȻ˵ҡ徲ΪȻڱתġȫķͻȻӿתٶȣٶԽԽ죬ﵽƽרʱٶȵ࣬ˣٶȻڲ֮ͣС
ܴӰ죬ڵﲻϱҲͣչ
ǿԪһľȹ̣ͬʱŵһ۷
ԣ롰ҡ磬ڵͬһһ㣬һӿȫķٶ˲ﵽ˼£ʱѵһķȻʮڱˡ
ĸʱ̼ţȵԸƣм֮ʱ̧ͷһǻƳϵʱˡ
ȻЩɫĿ´£ʢ̩ͨ·˲ι̹ͨ
û뵽ϰ鷨Ȼ˹ЧѵԼʥתĬĬؿԼһЦһϰԵĬһ¹һ˿˼ɫСʿϡ
ףʲôǿԪڶ죿Լľ羹Ȼͻˡ

Ҷרעдؽڹķʱߵġҡ֮ת֮£ɹסǿԪڶ족ò˵Ǹ漣
Ҷרע鷨Уɵ񣬱ϲи⡰ϵͳƺ˼Щյĳ׶Σļܵߣһʱ֮£ʮҪʮҪѧѧ˸ȫȥ22ļܵ㣬Ҷ㱻Լһʱֶõĳɹˡ
ˣѡˡ֡⿪ˡ֡ѡ
ˣѡˡ塯⿪ˡѡ
ˣѡˡ⿪ˡҩѡ
ˣѡˡ󡯣⿪ˡ󷨡ѡ񡭡

ˣʮѧáͨšɾۣͣѾûʲô֪ˣѧǳԶԶѡеѧԷּѧϰȼͬȶԴ
ҶĿɿڴԺΪͻȻֵʮѧ֪ʶһšնԼиֺôİԼֻǵѡʮѧǵʮգ˵õĺô󡣲Լܵޣϡ鷨ѧԼѾȥ24ܵˣֻʣ60ܵˡ
εõĺôĶ࣬һֱǸԼһѧһ׵ķš
һֱҶΪ޷øߵȼѧ޷ѧϰߵȼľѧ񣬾Ȼ⿪ˡּϰ䡱ѡɿҶؽӴЩߵȼ񹦡
Ȼ´򿪡ѧһϵͳҶ༶ѧķΧڣɫΪɫļ񹦾
ʮơǰƣǬŲơǰأ¾Žܾƪƽʽ񽣡̡
ơȻơȭɽơɽ÷֡ȵ񹦾ҵǰء
ǡڤ񹦡쳤ؾòϳδУΪЩȻһ壬ԷֶϰԵʰɡ
ˣҶǰѧҲ㹻ȡˡ
ˡС๦֮ڹķҶ˵ȻôҪˣǡڤ񹦡ǰ̬ĹҶеǡ¾Žʽ¾Ž۽˫ҶһգǲŹֺ
ǣʱ˿̣Ҷԥˣţֻ俴һžԲԷѡһΪֹڡŋ翸󡱵пĵһŽ𼶹
𼶹
һԸ½κθֽаľѧ
һſԴһ⺮վݡһ񻰵Ķ񹦡
Ҷʲôɻأ
Ҷ֣㿪ˡļҳ棬ϸж
ǡϵĻ񹦣ʮ㡣⹦ѭ򽥽޲֮˵ǧ䣬ձʮ㾳磬ֻޣԾˡ
һţɮʿһʮ㡰ȴδһʮϡǽַţҲֻǵ˵ʮľ磬˸ĳɹˡʮġÿһƻʮʮ󣬹ǧĴ
ȻַհġȻơ֮£书Ȼƥȫʢ֮ʱ
⻹ֻʮĹǡĵʮһ㾳أ½ַȻܹʤ޵ˡ
˵ֻҪϡڤ񹦡֮ڹĹʮһġȻע˫Ǹ߼ġĵʮ͵ʮĹֽأ
գŋ翸󡱽𼶹ΪպҶܹŹŸ湦أ
ֻҪŬؿɵĽ𼶾ѧ
Ҷ¶ģ
һ㹦༶ѧһΣ40ܵ㣬ֵˡ
ŹǴĻ񹦣Ѫ֮ͷõĻ⡣
ԥôˡ
Ȼֻʣ20ļܵ㣬ҶۣŽɫġһعԼԺУɵüޱߵĶ־
ĽMDˡ


033 ֮
ʱ䣬׾Թ϶һתۣҶȻǸʮˡ
ʱ䣬˵̲̣˵
ƹ۵˵ȴǱ仯ꡣ
ΪȫķռԭΪġԪ̫ԪΪƷ湦ΪΪҪĸ
ƹڵӵΪＱͻƣ״иͻǿԪǲˡ
ˡȫķ͡㹦Уʦոս֮⣬˶ǡڵʵҶˣǡ۷壬ʱпͻơԪ
ǰԽյҶȴһֱԼ꣬ҶԼľΪɼȻʱǡǿԪʮ족۷ľ硣
ҶΪʲôôָ֣չˣԭר־һ£ǿ˳ʵ񾳽Ҳ˵㣬ڹΪھ񾳽ͳԵòôˡ
Ҷͻơ֮гأǰ֮£ȴɲҶҶˣҵȫ롣
Ϊ⼸죬ƹͻơ֮ӡ
˲ѧšԴǰõҶ׵ġȫķһ֮£ŹԼĹãչǱУΪǡԪʮ۷ʵͻƵļ
˳׼֮˾ȫͻơ֮
µ˻ڴˣһΪ˻ҲΪΪպͬͻһ׼
ӱչس쿪ʼڣࡣ˵СȻǼž˷ļ
ҶмģŪöͭǮʱʱ£֮ڶŪһԵʯòķͲסҶԹ˵СʦܣʵòãһңƫƫﻹŪöֱ죬òꡭͣ£ͣ֡
ҶƤ̧һ£Ȼ˵ʦ֣԰ꡭʦȻչ࣬ͻгɣڽաॣһöͭǮϣҶǰһЦˡ
ʲôˣ
ʯһʱ棬СʦͭǮʲôòɣ
ֻʯ֮öͭǮСʦһſңöͭǮе泯ϣеֳϡʯһͷˮãȻ֪ԣæʵСʦܣڵʲô󷨣
ҶһƲ죬ЦԷ
Է
ʮԽǮΣ˵ûУ
ʯãȻҡͷΧʦҲԴ˸Ȥ׷߹ۿ
ãȻĹˣΨкһۺЦŶԭ԰
ʯŲʵô㶮
һ鱾Цǹʱռ֮˵飬ҵǲѧ鱾йܡСʦϣͭǮ˳ǡ֡ԣӦǴ󼪰
ʯ֮һʱ󾪣ҶͰ͵ʵ㣬㣬㡭չأѧ⣿Ѳڹſڰ̯Ź벻ɣ
ҶһЦ˵ʱõġ
ҵһЦСʦܵô˼ԣȴ֪Ǻ°
ҶһĴȣվָ˵˵ǸģǸʦԴԻƳߵ·ɣıƲѡౣƽǴ֮ԣν༫٣ϲӯӯһ£˺ͨʦͻ쵱Ǳسɡ
Сʦ˵꣬λʦǰȡЦ䣬ͻʦڣһ¡¡ʱţʱӥͬһʱ䣬ԪԲķʽڻۡ
֮Ԫ˱չ֮СΪģת𽥼١
λһʱ󺧣ͬУԭһҪΪߣҪУԪҲҪͻơ֮ʱҪڵԪͬȻԪ֮нУ˵ԪԵؼԪ֮ʱɺ첽졭ֲô˵֮ĸ֣пɽѵ֮ܣԭԭڴˡ
Ԫת̧ͷʱеİƣҲݶϿγһУԪӰ죬Ȼе֣Ҳƹеڵ̾ΪֹԶԶߣһسɫЩУʦһĴˡ
Ԫתʱ֮ʱ͵һС͵رһӴԪǸĵСݺȻ˱ͻȻԪ׷ɣҶңֶһҽһͷϣžߴһȻ󻺻䡭
ֳһƬǽ壬ֻҶζԭأһ
һˬʵĳЦһ۵ƮȻ䣬׿Ȼ
Ҷϥأȵӭʦأϲʦ졭
δ˵꣬桭
ڵӽ󣬷׷׹򵹣ء
һУһ͵Ϯؽڵ˵Ϊˣɡ
ڵ̧ͷһ˲㶼ˡ
ǰﻹ֮ǰǸ˰һʮͷĳ˧硭һͷѩ׵糤
ҶһҽУ˫ֱͷ̾찡ʦ㣬ôΪʲôĳüأһƳأһķ緶أΪʲôΪʲôԼŪøСһ찡
ͬʮĽףɻ˵ףԭԷϻͯȷϧ˶ĺˡûϵʱģָ˾ͻָ˰ɣ
ת˲֮䣬չһЦһʱ䣬׵ݻеһʧ
˧TMDһ˧
һʱĿ࣬ԼҪ˧ˣһʦȴôҲвˡ
ƺĿǰľָӱӣɻʵǸǲǵʱأ

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034 ָ
ƹ˺ЩʱӦӢˡ
Ҷڱչָֻ֮ԭĹ켣ϡ
Ӧ˵Ǳøȡˡ
ɽ䳡ϣΧܣһͬۿӱС
ֻӣ죬תĽ䣬ʾסΧ۵ӽкڶ
λӿѪڣ֮ʣһڱԵ𡣱ַǳ䳡˲Υ͵İС
ˣСʦҪˡڵһ뵽
ͣͣͣ
ӰһҶȻվ䳡Уͣ˴쳣»ˡ
ʮҶѾӵĳˡֻ˫ü罣бޣòɷӢˣſ㡣ԭ鷨ģһ˿ѵõ뱾ǹɳòϣһּ˵ʡ
ֻʱҶĿԲŭɶµĵӡ
㣬Сһ֮»ǰŴ󿪣һֱ̱ȡʤΪʲôƫҪ໮ԲСƼա»㣬áơԷıͻ࣬õĺܺãҲܺʣΪʲôӽٶġ׺աҪѽʲôյա
Ϊ
Ϊõǡ˽ǡʮôΪ˽༶Ϊʮ̼̫ͼ˶ôҶŭ
ƨһŵ桢»һ
Ҷгָؿʵ㣬һͱȥǲ
ɫ䣬˵ôһʦֶǱɵġ
㻹֪һͱ㰡㣬һͱĽʲô֣
ɫײֹʲôУֱǽͷåĴ·ӣֱӾͱ⻰ô˵ڡ
ҶͷתܵƹǺһôǶ˵˵һô
ͷϵСʦ壬һƬ
ǡûС
һеȻû֣һǡҾãھɱ㡣ѵ⽣ôشңȡĽòã
Ҫ˵ǣáˡ
ϴûĽֻʵĽͱԷһȡʤͱʲôʲôЩǹƨҪѧҪá
ڴʱȻһҪõĽĽС
ΪʲôΪõĽʲôСҼҵϷôƷߡƷĽô
ϣɱˡȡʤģǺýϣĿ꣬ȡʤɱˡ
Ҷڳܵһ֮תֽìͷָڵĵӣȵԴȡʤ֮ʱ򣬾Ȼ֪ᱦ󣬾ȻȥԼõʲôõǲͬһ׽޴
ҹһȥѡ˽͡ʮŸҴʮ飬ȻŴʮ飬ٸһʽ˽һʽʮвŴʮ顭ģͲóˣҲ˯ڣ̣ϣ
ҶԾؿ̨֮󣬺ȵ䣬һԣ
һҶΣиС̤죬ƹ˵һǿļвʱֻһǾȲһɵġ
ЩӣδɳǹصıеҪƹۣЩδԹնµǣҲѵϮѡ
ӣ֣Ʊ룬½ƶ
ǡ
̨ǰʩ֮󣬿ʼ
ųбĵӣҶε̾һ
֣Ʊ벻Ǳˣǰųսŵӵƹµ֣롣
û뵽һ֣뾹ȻƤҪƹΪӡ
еһͬ⣬֪ΪΣУһ˷ԣƢʯĬ֣Ҫ
֪ܸģĪɣʦô˵ġ
ٺ٣⺢е˼ʦô˵ġ
֣ҺǮһЩʦô˵ġ
ӣûСʦô˵ġ
򻹸ųסСӴֶʦ֡
ʦ֣ôðɣʦɶҲû˵
Լ֮
֣һˡ
˵£ǸֱԣʱиͲˡңƺͦ˶ôģ
ĺӣ
֣Ʊս࣬׵ģǳСӾһݡ¿ԽԽӣˣ˵̹ս򡭡
û뵽ȥСӻˡԣǳ𲻸ҹҳ֣ƱԴƤĺǸȾһӡô˵ƹۣûûҹĴġ
С˽ʦʲô״֮ˣҪأӮ˵
Ҳʤģƹ۵ڵӲŸҶλСʦ壬Ϊƹ˽µĵУǰʮģλҶ̳ģҲС֮һ
˽СһΪƹ۵һܸ֣ӦСʦҶɡȻΪߣǽ̳ĵӣûһӮˡԼҶƷѧ֮ʱ˵ÿһ䣬Īָ˸ӵ㣬ܵõСʦ弸ָ㣬ʤϰꡭʶƹ۵ڵӶǷϧСʦҶǰ̵ϰӣһ죬ΪΪҪϰ֮աҲλֱĶӼʲѡ
ųڶ˴ר־ݱÿһСÿһʽþȫ
Ҷ˫۷⣬ǰ㶢ųеı䡣ֺ̬ʤ̬Ҫġ
δĽ·Ѫɱ¾ģûһ˿ʤģλ
ãͣ
۲һʱ֮Ҷںͣųͷ󺹡һȴһεӣҶ¶һ˿Цݡ


035 ֮
򵥵ָ˶˼䣬һѵˣʣ±ǵϰʱ䡣
ڵȻʧı飬ҶεЦ
ؿ֣Ʊһۣ˲һֽŵ֣ƱĲСֽձ½ƶһ˵ЦţһԶ
֣Ʊ뱻ϵһһ֮£ǸֽţһĿ飬дҹ󶥡С֣֣ƱɻĴһԣǾȥ˵
Ҷ½ƶһ·ԼĶСԺȥ
ƶڵĽֻת죬Ӧӽǡ
ǣСʦ塭
ҶͷɻʵˣƶҼǵƲӰɣΪʲôֽأ
ףʦڵĶʹķ֣᲻ᱻʦ
İɣʦȥ˵
½ƶĴʦʦ֣Ȼ½ƶʦֵ״ӣ̤ʵѧ½ƶһõʦֵϲָɹĶָ࣬ȴҲʱޣɽΣջҶˡ
Ҷ뼰ʦææµµӰ̾һĵʦԼǲƲӶ̫ɣʱԵָء
ϰְɣʩչڹؼʱ̸һǿ˵ʤ֮ʡ
лСʦָ㡭
ǺǣŶ
š
ˣֲԶˡ

ǸСң˭ιϼѣֲιʳƽӦ
õģСʦ塪

࡭С࡭࡭һЦŸܲȥ硭鷳ӣڰɣ
ƴһߣһεбϵ۾̾׷ˣǲĶġ
֪û취Сʦ˵ˣҪǸ㲻ǵصġͱָˣMD쵰ԲԣٲԶӰƤ
צ䲻һɫӰײ˹¿˲䱻÷˳ȥ¡һ£ײ˰ţ
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һ˻һͷ׳ţֳΡ
һֻƯĴţ
ͻԣ;ףʯ̣̤ŭ𡭡ºߺߵŴƴ֮ʱȴҡβͣͷƴСʪյġ
˰࣬ˡ
ͷţΪأԭǵħţ½Ҵˮţĺħţ뿪ɽûã½ƶ½ʵͷּĴˮţˣͦ˵һ£˭֪ͷСţӲ֪ôˣŵʮ¾ͻήȻһʱ䣬еĴˮţûأ½ʵֻڹ˵Ǯһͷţء
ֱͷСţ֮½Ҳ˴Ϣ֮û뵽ͷСţƯƯҰѱǻϣֱӰѴǻ˸ͷһӽ½ʵûа취ֲܰţɱˣֻõ黹˸ƹۡ
СţһУϤҶУ˳š
ٺٺ٣Сү˵Լתû˰ɣţˡ
ͷСţʯ̳ɵһ㣬СһͨԣʱԼҶ½ƶʮҪãСҲȽϲƴϣļλֱӾ顢ӣ鲻øһͷţһʮңͷСţħţֶ޵ѪͳͲ˵ˡ
ƴϣ໹ûϳԶô
ƴϻûüػϲԫе͵վҶôιϳ԰Сʦ壬ҿɾˣ㣬ҡ
ףֱײ
һŰѹȱߵľ޴Ʒɣ·ɴС˼Ǳ䲻͵Ϯ˶ѡ
ƶһѾȫţٿһۺ˺۵£һ˿ĭĵ⻹С˼ѹùͷ飬ˡ
Сʦȫǹ
Ҷ˵ͷаµĴʹȻĲѡ⾰ǰعԼȴڵڶǻءԼֻǰŹͷķŶѣ°㵱޹ϰ˵ԼʣȫŹҲ޵ĺܡ
ʱ䣬ʦΪҶ˴ѧؼлм༶ѧҶһǰغ͡¾ŽܾƪˣҶϼܵȫһ༶ѧĻҲȫꡭ
ʱҶǸΪǡŋ翸ϵͳӦãƿ
ƹдȥԼĽӻ˰ɡ뵽˴ҶҲ뽭뷨
衪
һţ𣬴Ҷ˼̧ͷʱǴţƨƨߵ˹ȥҶʹȥ
ף࣬ʲô
ҶæסԼľƺ«Լֳĺṇ̃ʯһ㡭ϼسǴϺ÷ھƣɲ̣ඡ
衭ţҡҡͷֱҶľƺ«
Ҷʵھֻô򿪺«ţﵹڣ̾һϣȴרŶҵľƺȡţĵ֪ƿɱĵֵǮˡ
衭ţظ°죬ҡͷԣϵͭţ嶣ֱ졣
½ƶǰһĻ÷ճյʵСʦ壬˵಻ԲϣòιȾưɣ
ףôһ˵пTMDֶʦǸûжò÷Ҫʲô㣬ȵˮﵹƣºˣûƹ⼸ʦֲɽϣ㵹ԴֲţϳʳԭǾ񫷸˸ˣһ«Ĺȵģζͺܸɣ

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ҹ羲顭
֣Ʊ󶥣紵ȻǸϣȴ˼ĳݡ
ǰԼ֪һ֣ΪΪ˱סԼƽԼţϡΪ˸ֻ֣Ҹҵսžʮ֣ɴһǧɡ
ǰԼ̸ϣԼ˺ܹƽȹһǧҪ뽭򳤿սԼǺ޷ǳԼѱ
ԼˣǶǰĸź֣Ҳûǰο
֮ʱҹ֮ʣԶԶؿĸ¥ϣ΢Уˮ˫ۣ֣һģŤͷȥ
ҹɫµĴְ
үǵû
һֿڣ֣ش
˵Լǣϳ֣ҡսô裬ҲһΪѰɡ
֣˹ȥһŰ֣߷֪߳Ĺûô
ֽеƱһ˹ȥǿȦеˮ˵ǵԼЩúûš
˵֣꣬תȥ
ү֣š
֣ͷҲأҡҡ֣ԼĹȥ𡭡
ҹɫ£֣һΪԼǰ·һͷʱ˫бǰĹâ
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Ӹîˣ


036 ЧӦ
תͷʱСʦҶЦǺǵվڸ󶥵һˡ
֣Ʊæǰʩ
Ҷδ̧ͷһϵһ£ǳ˵ţҹ֪ҹɫҲԼһͬµģһ˿Ͼûʲô˼
֣Ʊ뱻СʦĹٶҭһ£һͬ£ԼֲǴ
֣Ʊ뵱Ȼ֪СʦôԼûô򵥣ĬĬصƬ̣ȻСʦԼ˵һ£뽲
Ǹʲôࣿ
Сʦ뽲
ңԶıһˣסںߡϲһʮϸСĺ㣬ζҪԶĺܴ򵽣С˻;кѴѳˡԴҶһֱѰһֿ˻ķ֪Ⱥôô
ʦֶ֪
٣ǸҵġһװСۺڻİĴζȺС֮ʮֺ£ͻĴܣζһЩС㷴ػصۡٺ٣ˣҵĹ½ˣô
Ҷ֮Ŀϣĵ֣Ʊ롣
֣Ʊƺһʲô־ЩʵǣСʦ£ʵڲӴ⣬ɵɻʵʦֶеסʦʾ
ǺǣƱ밡ǸˣӦһ͸ġҵ˼Ҫȥһ㰡
㣿
㲻ƹ۾װСô㣬ңЩͬţС㡭û׷ǣǾͻĵǣûǣԼ˸ɾҪ㵱㣬ͣ׷С㣬ʦֵǲͣܣͣƹ۲Զֻδڲ֮ء
ʦ˼۸ͬţ
ٺ٣ԣô˵Ҫ䳡ϣͣսʤˣˣҪջ򣬲̫ȫʧȥģҲһ׮鷳¡
ɣǡΪʲôʦѡҰ½ǲǸôҿûܴùˡ֣ƱһԹô뵽Ұ
ΪСʦ忴㰡ȫ۽ٸӵУҲⷽĲܡ
ʲôܣ
㹻ᣡ
ллʦ佱
֣Ʊתߣʲô˰ô˵ġ
֪ҶѸƮһ§ס֣ƱļЦ˵ʦֶҪ֪Ҳһֱ죬ֻҪ㶮ãԷֿܡҪ֪ӽҲԵ
Сʦֱҡܲˡ
ܣϰߵġ
֣Ʊһֻɽȴһĸо
ԣǱ
֣Ʊھ;һʺĵطʲȥ²
TMD
Ҷ֣Ʊ밧Թ˿Ĵ˵Ʊ밡֪ôԴʹǱﰡӣǶľԴֶ˵ʲôأ棬ԣ桭ﶮýնСΪʦţҲӦǶĳ£Ǵ淽ǡСʦ壬ʦţͰصˡ
Ҷչ֣֮࣬Ʊʱ֣֮ƱڱҶȳˡȫͬλСʦĶۣʲôˣҪƹԵǸСӡΪƹ۵δ룬ΪǸʲôԣΪ淽֣Ʊ¶ģҪϧһдﳤڹСǶļ࡭
Сʦ壬Ҵ򲻹ô졭֣Ʊɨ˵һʵ
ʵĺáСʦΪ׼һ׽ؼɽĸɱһҶ֮󣬱ʱҪӽҪñ˵ķŭԼ
ܷܲչߡ
ιû˲šû⣬̫࣬ң֮ӣŪɵʦţҪ֪ͬΪ˼ڵӵϽģɲƻŽġ
ǣס
Сʱʱڵӱһ̬ȣֻڱ䳡ϽԸˣһҪպãðͬŶˣѶûС
ǣסܲûԸʲôģ
뷨Աⲻܱ


֣ƱˣһԴ˷ܵȥ˯ˡ
ڰѸý鶼ˡ
ɽ£Ҳճˡô˵أ
Ҷڷϣʼһֵķ˶
ʱ䣬ҶǿԪһ죬ǿԪʮ۷壬һʮصľ磬Ϊÿ뾳ٶԻҲٶȣʮ֮ǰͻơ۷廹Ǵ´ࡣ⻹ǵҹڽԭɵģһ롰С๦һ¥ǳ˵ʮȫпܽͻƵ쾳ʱǰʮ꣬ɾȫŵĽˡ
ʮɵ״˵ʮ֮ǰﵽ۷壬ͻƽ조컯Ѿߵĵ䷶ˡ֪쳣ǿҶ˵ٶڹ
ʮˣķ̥㿪ʼһһꡣԼչأأԼӦʮ꣬ѾҶף˳˵ĳƷųԼʮꡣ
뵱꿴¼ʱڤʮһ컯ĸ֣ԼĽ֣ΪƾԼ츳ôҲ᲻Էǡû뵽ת۹ȥԼǿԪ۷ˮƽ֮ǰʮһλڤҵţǴĲ磬˼Ѿǽʮ˰ɣڵλָͯǺεȵľأ
УȻǹҼҰѵ󡭡
ȡó˲ɵ֮ɹظʮٱŬ
Ҷ̺ġݡԪԭԽҵˮƽıչУҶÿνʱñġݡԪС๦ġʮ칬աݡľԪ󲿷ֶ
Ҷڵġʮ칬ѾͨʮС칬ֱΪ˫ĵ͹ѨҸѼȪѨŵӿȪѨϥȪѨѨֻʣüĵϺͷٻѨδ迪ˡ
ȫʮ칬ĿɣȻܳ׼С๦ƽϰṦоתҪ֮ĿҲѴﵽˡ⵽ĵزС๦֮ɼһߡ
պС๦ϰʹ֮ʱˡС๦ԼͻƵȼޣࡣ


037 
Ҷʱ䣬˳׼
ʦţҶǷĵġȻʵߣϰŨң书ǿֱʦշеƽʱɽֻɽޣҲûʲôõĵġ
Ϊƹ˵İΪ׵Ѳشͻƣֵ̽һ䣬͢ѾȷϣޱٰϽΪ׵ļɺڡ䱳ħĲ֣⼸ѲȻ׼嶼ְʣµģǺʱֶ֯˵ˡ
ҶʦСȥֹԼ˵ǣܻʦͬ⡣ͻȻഫһƥĳ˻ƾͨ˻ͬ
һţ𣬳ףһļ¡
ࣿ
Сħţ֮Ҷҵֻʱǰʦ֮Ծ֮䣬㵽ĵط
һ֮£ɵô󾪡
ԭʱСħţһƥš
Сţƺ˫Ŀͨ죬ͷǣ²ͣɳ޺شŴƼΪˣʱܳȥ
ޣβ˺ɫƬֻ׺ϳźɫĳëֻ԰вǺ޾ɫ˶ɳ̤̤ʱͺű
ףǴĺ۾ԣ
۾Կ½ֿѱ֮һǧﲻڻ£ٶȶͨƥļʮֻݼΪʿʵӵС
˵͢ڱ߾һ֧۾ȫԱ䱸ޣͶǺ조컯ĸ֣ȫؿؼףҲżУʵΪµһ׺
ŴɲżһεޣʱƹأҶһʱȻ
˿Աֱ˵ǣĴڶɢӣмֻƥǶ˽ɪɪҶֺȻӵѪͳļһ²ѡһϰ½ƶ޴룬ɵɵؿﻥ
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ҶæסҪȥСħţͬһʱ䣬һϺҲ˹
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СħţһҶˣһƨƨߵ˹һίҶǰȥ
ǽԻıǰһٿǰ֮Ǿֵ˵ף㣿
ҶͣḧľοոЩСħţ䲻ԼкԼе㲻״ף˭Щ졭ŬһǰĹǰ֮һͬ˹У֮һ
ٸʩáҶæʩ˽ȴֹԺǵλ˭ء
Сһ꣬һͷħţƯﰡʣӦħţĺɣҵĺ۾Զ壬ǽ겻ǱˣǵսĻˡ
Ҳǣź۾ԣһ߸Űıӣһ˵Ҫ֪۾Կɲѱģڱԭϲ񽵷ģɷҺô˼͹ˣƽҰѱʮֲ̺򰡣벻ﾹȻ˶֣ѵãѵá
ҶڨڨЦ£˵ҼҰƽҲͦʵģղ֪Ϊ˱̨꣬Цˡ
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ԭˡ
˲ɵþúЦҶǳСħţĴӣĵе㻤ʳء
ҲҡͷʧЦ˵ʵѴƽʱιĶʮ־ͨĿڡ
Ա½ƶ˵ŲأԵú⣬ȻҲŭġ
ͣļһǸ֣㶼
ɼͽ񣬺ݺݵ½ƶһۡ
һ֮£ȴɵ˺ģձΪ۾ԵĿѾ˼յһ˵ԵĶæʵ⵹ˣСֵܿɷϸҿ
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˼ﶼͨ󣬲رȴŵһɾζϸһźЩĥϸңǾ㡭
ףǣ
һƹ˲ɵûȻ򣬳ɸһΣЦ˵ּЦˣǶʦֲ֪ŪƵķӣЩµˮƣʣľ㱻ιͷţ˴ƹ۶һľƹ
Ҷɵ֣ٺֱЦ
ҲǹЦ˵ϧҵɽϣȻһҪˮƣֻ֮ζ֮ƱȻ˳ڣ˴Ѱ
˵꣬㲻⣬ŷԶɽͳɶЦʱղ磬Ҳþʹˡ˴Ѻ֮£㽻跽ֺ͹еļλˡȥ嶼һ·λܶСĲǡ
ʲôѺڣȥ嶼
׼ɽҶһ˴۾һɵôȤ
Զɽҵ˵˷ģ˴Զɽ£ƹۼλְæȥ嶼˳
ԶɽԴϴα˵֮Ҳ˳͢Щշƽ೯͢ɵ⼸Զɽھֲûиܵŵѹ˲ٺôʵ׳
Ҳŵͷʾ⣬Աʾַ֧ԶɽĹ۵㡣
Ǻãڴ𣬹嶼ᣬĳΪλӷϴһ񶼷绪˻˴ְݱ
¶ˣ๰ΪԵһ·˳磬ʹ˰ݱ𡭡롪
˹һЦǣź۾Աȥ
ʦ֣֪ȥ嶼ҿɷأҶһ֮ɫʦ֡
ףҪʦͬⷽɰɡ
ŶʦֵĻشҶɵһ˿ʧ䡣
ҶҪɽ͵ؽһͣ˼һʶص˵ؿڣȴһʱ˸ѣȻʱжͻȻ뷨Щ󲻶Ȩʧ
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ͻȻԶɽɻ
ʱɫһ¶һɾȻ֮ɫɫһɣƺ뵽ʲôЦ㣬תҶЦСҪɽô
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⡪طǳЩˡ
˹һЦ˵ƹ۵ļλʵ̫СˣɲʲôŶģֻǰﻪĳһżĳ޷²Ĳ£Сѳĳİĺܡ
һĬҶһϣĵؿʦ֣ܴӦ
˵ҿСѧǻǿԪ۷Щʱ˰ɣٳ޷ͻƣ¾˼ָɽһľҲһ˵⾳ʹͻء
ҶæǣǡʦҲΪ˴š
Ҷ´ϲĵջǰ˴æǡȫķڸʲôϰԼͣǿԪ۷岻ͻƣʵΪи˵ʦͬԼɽû뵽˵ɸ˼˵
ͬʱһԵĳҲаֹСʦܳɽϣûҲȷʵʣһȥݳǣزʮյʱ䣬һŰˣ޴󰭡
ǵͷӦˣұʦӦˡתҶ˵֮£СʦһҪİãḬ̄¡
İɣʦ֡
Ҷ˵㵸
˴ӻͳһʵʵĴŷ⣬֣صطҶϣɵ˵ű㽻иСֵܶ겻ޱҪСá
ҶӦǣӵɽͨ˷쳣ұֳɿһ档
ȻʲôʧҲ޴󰭣ʲô⣬СɻȥǧҪ˵ЦҪǱ˿еݣ޴ɷˡ
ҶͷӦǣ˭ûͷʱе⡣
Ǵôλ֮ˣһ仰ʱһɲչֳɫü١
Ҷץеż
һϮ¡εĻˣҶһأ
λ͢Ĵ٣µؽԼѵ˵
ѵ˵һĸд鲻ɣ
뵽˴һС˲ʱð͸࣡


038 
һɽڶң죬һˮ峺
ƻʱĹ񣬶չȺ͵ɽзȥ
뿪ƹչ⾰һ·ҲΪ˳
ҶһǷչֱۣ˵㡣
ԶУҶǴСħţһͬŵġҲһһһγԶšбСħţıϣҶĺܣ;Ҳ˿ۡ
İĴԴҶָָСħţĴƸף˵۲۰һҵϢĵطҾȾơ
衪
ţһһ󻶿Ц
ʦֵİæȻ׵˵ʦ𣬻ѵõɽᡣ˵ʦһżɽȥʮյʱ䣬ϼȥҲ
֮ǰҶʦһϾԼڹУûгţ뼰мѴλʦҪʦ˾ƽʱֵģĳĲУΪԼ˺ЩǸҲСŪöʮء
ʦָԼһŵͼԼô߲ܵݳǣдǧԵġָϡԼΣգָʲôҪע⡭
ɽ·죬ѱԶԶԺ󡣸ʦָĵͼǰ߲Զɽһҹסһմǵɽ꣬ʮǿޱȵĹٵˣŹٵգ㵽ϼسǡ
ͷҪɽˣɫתΪ谵
Լ㲻ûдͷҹ֮ʱȴɽ֮УǿɾΣˡ
Сħţ࣬ǲͨҰޡ
γԶţ˰Ƿ֣ħţĺ棬ٶҲȻԵõĲȻͨܵٶȲˡһֱܵƻ裬Ҳƣһհ˰ˣʵǳеĵһر
֮ǰֺ۾ԣ˵ǧ治֪һٶˡ
ɫȫڰ֮ǰҶڸϵɽǰ˵̫ưܣôڶ
ҶҲܻ䣬ֱǣţ㴩˵ţڡ
ƲλҲ֪·ɽɽЩãüĿ֮ĶѱϣɢһءҶӰϽ¨ж£ɰԼһٷڣȴҵ֧ͻʯȼ֮¡
˺һףԵλɣƶƹ˴νסһдţշͻȻһתֻȥŪһþȻҵһϵȵ̴㣬æȼ֧˵ϣ˵˴ɽɽүүӣմҪǱƽлл
ߵͷһЦ㿪ʼùҹ֮ˡ
ҶʵͱϾСӣǰ˵ǸլУҲǳԶţ޹ҰӪġҪи¿ѵķСȥɽΡ
һĹҶ㶼׼ͣ
ǶСħţĸˣȻʦ׼Щǲôڶĸм侹Ȼ׼һ졭
˺ЩһʦƵƣҶڰߣϱ죬׼˯ˡ
Ҷ˯֮ʣͻȻһ֮ѹغõűһƿĴ󣬲Ƶžʹ˵һߡ
Ҷһ֮ڱ˲ץסֽ
һɳƵ⴫TMDһôʵǸеȻɽҰĵطɽֵܣǸ߰
һ䣬ߴѮĴ󺺣λεѳף˾һһۿĲҶŵĴţֻͭ۾˸˸һͷر鿴Լ
δ⶯ϻܿôǿеı飬û뵽֮˾ȻǸδСʿ˯ӣǱԼ˳ѵġ
ǰĺĿ׶񣬵ȴӲֺƵЦݣĺݼһ˻ʣȻĴ
Ŀ׶ĺЦλСֵڴ˴һǺǡһˣʵ֪ͬСͬлм˰ֵҲðлһ
ҶЩֵĿ˵ľٶ˵һˣͬС
Ŷ˻һۣŹЦ
̬ǰһ䣬֮ǰĽ֣Щ
ݵĺӲضҶһۣ߳Ų֪ʲôȥˡ
ʣµ׶һ˵ɽҰĵطСֵܵǺõ
ҶᣬЩİ࣬˯
۾Ҷûע⵽Լ֮ʱ׶һâһ˼Ħһɱڡ
ſ֨ѽһ֮ǰݵĺִߴĽССŮһʮͷģһֻ꣬ĽСһŮһηηŲ˽
ݺΪͷŭȵTMD㣬Ӹһɽ·۵ҪСҪһЩվжԡ
Ҷ˲侪ѣһĿһһССŮΪߵˣݵĺһߵһš
ݺһҲСѾͷԹߵԱߣӹ׶ӵݹһź
һ̣һŮʹǺȻεӻסСŮĴ۾¶ĹâʹֻĴŻеСŮʵ鲻£ý㿴ûˣ
һСڵϣ㶼ͷӣӣһ˫ΪƯĴ۾
㡭СŮίץŽǰˮۿתתģòۡ
ĪޣĪޡû£ûо۰
СŮҡҡͷ˵û¡һ˫ںڵСŽʣǱݺһߵĵطεʵô
ƺСŮһӰʹһŮһʹߣ£СŮŵһ֣ãȻ֪룬ֻŽ֣ĵֱޣžص
æֽС뻳УȰοòޣòޣûµġ
СﻥలοҶһ֮ɫٿһ˵Ц꺺ӣǶԽ޶ԣֻʱʱתͷһۣһȴ޹֮ɫ
ҶĿһ˵TMD˷ˡ


039 ɱ˫
Ҷ˲ʲôûɫҲɫһ˯˵ӣʵڰй۲˵ľٶ
Сûţ㵽ϷĽ£ǶԶ밢൹ġЩʱ˱Ҫ¡
ŮеСգˮĴ۾ĿתĿŰ࣬һı顣
㣬ͷţÿɰƯɲСŮ˳ӣϸϸʵ
㰮رã˵ͷţ˯Сģû˼鲻Ҫ
СѾͷŵص˵ͷһԡѽԭﻹиมſ
Ҷһֱװ˯ʱҲÿбĵСѾͷʲô񰡣
ʱ۾СѾͷ˸
ѽСѾͷŵһסͣһı鿴ҶԭСװ˯
ԴŮһҶתæУһɫҶǱĸŻһ
Ҷ˴ӣѽˣҳôô
СôӽĻ̽СԴҶͷüͷһ壬ŽĶ˵㣬ҪҪǸС磬˲Ǻˣ
һæסСѾͷͣǧҪ죬ûС粻ġ
Ҷ಻ԶʱСŮĶԻһ˿˶а룬СѾͷĵ߯һҪȳ
ǸСѾͷһĻȻ㲻˵һ˵ֻС죬һῴţһῴҶĿ棬ȣ˿ƣ
Ƭ̣ﹾһСѾͷε¶ӣŽ˵㣬ˡ
Ŀᣬ˵ԵȣȥҪԵġ
ΡΡظվ͵һתͷһȫݺŭȵ£ٸҶȡ
ʮҵСŮ¶ɫͷһ֮ɫãҧҧ߹ȥ˵öˡԵİɣ㡭
ݺһЦЦôˣŰɡѵǳԱˣǺٴܲɣ
Ա߳׶ĺӣæһʾݺעԱߵҶ
֪ݺ֮Աǣһ̥ëûʾСëǼ˴үһΡ
ͬʱƳҶһۣҶ޷ӦɵһǶС˵үǰۡ
Сﰵһҧǰ˵㣬ҷģֻҪһڳԵģǱ֤ܣ˵ֻһ˵ĿҡҿԲԡ
ݺӼСﵨҲԼĻȥһƣСһҽУһߣͷĵһǣתͷʱѪ
㡪СѾͷ۵һ޳ڽϣתͷݺӴǻ
ݺһ߹ȥһץСͷСѾͷ͵СѾͷ۵۴ޣСȻĵصţСȶ̣ݺӷֺ
ݺɫ˵TMDСˣҪǲΪ·ѣүͻصңȥˣⱼ֮࣬Ҳ֪ǻϹ꿴ǽһ㣬Ҫүǰǲ˷ֺĴȥүֱһ֡
һ׶Ĵڵվε˵϶Ȱ㻹ǶСúһ㣬ɫǻϹѡģպ˵Ǹ¥ͷƣյС̣СպԿ
ƾǣݺ϶Цȴɵ֪СѾͷһÿգץס϶֣ݺݵҧһڡ

һҽУ϶ŭգ˦־͸СѾͷһ͡СѾͷʹ߳õĻʱȴ㲻ֻǺݺݵص϶
ģСˣպǧֿ硭϶˿Щëлȴֲٷ
׶Ĵ󺺳Цָָ϶Żװ˯Ҷһţ˵ɣԩҡװ˯ˣү֪㶼ˡû취֪Ǹ֮үֻһˣǵõ֮󣬿ɱԹǸԼã㲻Ķ
Ҷŵ۾Ҳֵ˵λúңҡҳȥ˵ңʲôûʲô֪
ˣ¸˵ȥɡ
˵㳶Ҷϵı죬˭֪Ҷڵ߬סˣһ֮¾Ȼûƿ׶ӲɵЩŭȵҲҲǸŭүǣǰҪο
һߵ϶ѿķ֮ǰСѾͷҧһڣѾŭѣ׶ӵľ棬治ҰСѾͷôҶӲͦɵñһյģ᲻Ǳ첻ɣ䣬Ͳˡ
϶ͳҶ˹ٵͶ硣
Ҷ͵һƣޱһס˵ߡ
϶ޱŭһᵶһնһޱϣֻһ˵ס
϶ǻŭҪٸǵùСʿһͻȻ۽Ǵһһһֽбǻ͸࣬͸
ÿһþ׼һյһ
ҶЦ⣬˵λ̨õǵ±˱ôţġ
϶Ŀɿڴŵؿ֮ǰһ޺Ҷ뵽ԼȻ˱㶪
һж̫죬ոջһɱ϶̼һʬ壬׶ĺһʱŭ벻Լֵ߽꣬쾹Ȼ˱˵ĵһǸһ۵СʿŭһҶͳ˹ȥĿɱá
Ѿһʬ϶Լ˹
ܹСʿƹʬ壬׶һҶͷ䣬ͬʱŭյţӣֵܵ
Ҷὣһ񣬽ϴһɴĵһб׶ȫһ˳ŽҶһ࣬ͬʱҶŲӭźӳǰһ̤Ųת׶Ӳ
׶ͣвףҶ͵س˹ȥٴתҪ֮ʱһĨɻɫ˫ֱֱۣĵҶɡ
ۡ
׶ӾͻȻһѪ쵹С
ԭҶס׶ͷһ֮󣬽˲֮ʣ߾ٵֽ׶ӵľһĨ˲仮˶ֵĴȡں֮䡣һʽƶΪˮǡ¾ŽҪڡ
Ҷ̾һʣ˵ʵڲұɣ̫
ͬʱҶи̾Ŵɵӱܱҵɽԭ⽭治˵ЦģȻأֻǸ߼һĴֻɫ벻ѾڵˮƽԼǵһζɱˣȫּ֣˵СӲƴ֮£ԼӦþΣˡ
һҶתǽöˣ¶һΪΪЦݣɵ˵λС㣬ǰȫˡ


040 ż
Ҷʯɱ񺺣СչЦݣʾԼ޺һСã㶼ԾؿԼһ仰˵һʱ˹İ֮С
ҶЦݽϡ⣬ʲôһ
о˱һͻҪʱ䡭
衪
Сħţһڴɽ
Ȼ󣬡ѽСѾͷһĽк
ˣһɱ˵ΰСѾͷŻˡ
˭֪
ѽ̫ˣ˱Сɱˣ˽㡭ˣԳˣˡѽÿİ
СѾͷŽ˫֣˵رȥ۵Ҷˡ⣬⣬Ǹʲô
գڡԳĽ㿪ĵĿˣǿ죬Լ޳
һڣǿסˮվСѾͷߵҶǰͨһ£ڵأ˵л֮
ףҶϷ˵ȳ棬ǶԼǻĲڡ
ҶذСӵ̾ϢǸʲôǧҲϲġ
һ㶣ͷӦ֪ˣ
˳ӵվһߡ
벻λС˽ԭôӣһʱҶЩӦ̼ǵ֮ǰΪͽ۵ӣһηģѾӡҶ

ڶ峿ҶС·ˡ
ļʵĺܣӣһҲ
һսҶɱͯӣСŮһӵ׽ãĽųСĽŮ˫ʣڼȥѰ࣬һ·ĹͷУձൽһŮӵĶ鵱СŮеŮӶרΪ鲼ϷĸԺ֮󣬲պˣҹ˳û뵽Ǳ˸ץסˡҶӵôѡ
Ҷ޿ǽ˼Լƹۣʦ㸺Ժǹ¿СŮǶ˵һὡֵسɳġȻԭûȥϽã˵شӦҶĽ飬ͬҶˡ
ϾѾмյʱ䣬޷߻ͷ·ˣյ·̱ϼسˣԶɽھֵķֲƾƹԶɽھֵĽ飬ٻϼӣרŵʦͶ˻عۣʱСѾͷԼдʦʦż۾û⡣Լֿ·ˡ
Сϴ˺ΣˣϴɾСĶ˾ѵһӣʵʲô˼ҲһԷ۵һСˡ
ųԸᣬΪǿԻãС֮мֺ
֪Ժ󲻻еֵĿһ·ϻЦﲻϣ֪ϼس֮󣬻ҪǰСʿֵĲᡭ
ѸչҶһԼ˶ٵȣʱλСӣжǾĺܣʱʱ˫ƯĴ۾ȥܾԿСʿǳ
Ҷú汦һĿϰµģֻװһݵӣеġ¼·ڿһĿ⣬һĽζض
ͽʬ屻ҶҹˡëҶȻŹͽһչ֮󣬵õһŶƱʮӣʣµıⱾʳ¯ġ¼ˣһȫ汾ġ
ԭµĺ֮ͽֻԼ
̾ԼҶⱾÿڱİ־ʱһŰ࣬һ߶־
볤սսˣҶݵ£ͷϱݣɵøп֡
ԭսԴĽֿʼһֱ㲻ͣսƾųǿʵһֱռأһֱۺĲƸά֣ϣܵŹӶĸ·֣ϵӿܶפأսһʱ֮Ҳźް취ստ̲ס֣һˣֻнѡսһʱʿŸڼû뵽ؼʱ̣Ӿһڹܶʱʮһλġԡκ޾ξȻŵĹӶսڶʮλġտա˵տͷϧȻˣҪĳϾȻܾսսһʿȻ䣬˱Ȼճһ˻פأûãɳ͢ĵͣţ˫ʹ˴˺ͽ⣬һ䡣
һսִСʮȥߣѱĻķּ˼֡һʱ֮䣬ڡɳûħ̵Ҳ̽ͷ̽ԵҪһ
ݣδ»ӶˡҶ̾һЩɵĻ֮ʱעһϢˡ
͢ʩչֶɨܣϽʮͷ֮һаɥ
ҶһʱеңϽռʦͥƹδĵ֣ʱҶܵһ顣
ФƷ忴Ϣ֪˳ʲôӡŶҲΪԷûԼ϶вʰɡ
֣͢ƹ۽˵Ļˣǳ͢ѲôɨϽжӦָӵİɣٿ˿Ϣ¼ڣҶͻȻһڣǴʦ֡ʦɽʱôѵжʦѲһĲɣ
Ҷ˼֮ʣͻȻ뼰˽ԼǷţ˽֮ʱȻ¶ӣҶֵĺ棬±żϸ

һ죬㲻ŵؿŻˡ
̫һЩԽܵ˵ôҪĶ˾ȻиһСʿ㲻̫ô
ʣҿɲòʣҡȣһԵ֮ɫ˵˶֪ε飬صʵҲҿ϶ħûеõϢǰŵʵѱħ̿ʣεжǰˡˣҶԻ뿪˰ɡ
һĬС
εõϢͻϮϽһСӵжʵ֣ƹۼλֵͻϮ书ġа˳ܡڡаѳĶ˴һ
żǣشǶԷ֪Ǽ֣֮±ûл뿪ˡǼת嶼ͬʱų˵ǡаʵǳѲŵĽ׼ܵѺ嶼˿ͣɶԳ͢ոʧ˿ĴԶӰ졣
ѲλϧΪյ˶Լ֣עеѲϣʵƸԶɽھֺƹˣѺڵķʽ嶼
˸ʱ⣬Ҫżиһ֪ҶֻҪ˵ݳǣƾصķʽǷżһܰȫִ嶼ڻϺԺİǰ
һʣƾħ̺˵ͨ죬Ҳõɣ
ءţΣǶĲ
עѲŵ
࡭


041 Σķ
ϵĴʱžеһжһƬڰС
ֻ֧ȼţżз紵һҶúڰеһԽòʵʱʱֵĻУԼܿʮΡһѣҸѡ
žһ˵ļž
ںڰУһͬʯĦͻأԭ˵ˡ
µõϢû
ڿյĴлţһ˵һ
Լȷ͢ػˡóֵʧ󣡡
Ȼļž
ʥҵȴ飬ʧ϶˵ɡ
ǵģ硭һӵϻ⣬˵ԼᣬѰء֮Ƿ뿪ݵĵ·ɱ͢Ѳŵˣ¶ԼҪôλôɰǱһʱ֪ͨλүܿҪܶԷ֮ŭʱҲֻʵ뿪ݵĵ·ˡһģʮһ޳ͷӥĴڣǲõĶԷݳǵķվϢһԷֻܴ½·ˮ·Ϣȥ
ǶԷԼأ
ԻϹĽôҪĶǲα˵ġǷԼֻҪǵõһڻϡ
ӻһ˵꣬һ˳ĬС
Ƭ̣һĵŮ𣺡ǶԷ֪Լ͢ã᲻⣬ǹԼй¶췴أԵʵ˰뵽˽ŵյУͻŮӵڲͬ
Ӵ˵ȴǹˡԷ϶ҵȵıƣҲûа취ʩֻܸߵסҪʵΣҪݴңǻˡȻʥŵĿѾɣô룬ǲù⡭
ɱѲ֮ˣ͢᲻أһֺɤʵ
ȻзӦ㳯͢Ƕ֣׼ҲҪϵʱ䣬ʱʥŴ˵Ǵ´ࡣҾ󱻳֪࣬͢кη͢һԸģһλѣʱݴңʥŵļƻֻ༸ʤˡ
ڷһЦŮ٣ʮ֮࡭
ͬʯĦٴ
ȳߡɱ⳯͢߹

һǷ׷ɵ죬֧ȻȫĺڰС

ҶһڶʦĹƣľǻһֱţ˲ʱˬࡣ
ٺ٣ˡŻ¶衱ĹƣȴһɲһֱַͺˬĿɿڿֺͷһҹû̼ĿһĲͬ
˵Ż¶衱Ҷ㿪ˡҩϵͳ֮һĵһֵҩƹ۵ЩҵףҶҲֻƳʮѡû뵽ԪΪ棬ͷĲҩʤö٣ͬʱҩЧҲҪϼ֣һ¯Ż¶衱ҪȽӹԭеҩЧǿֻࡣ
ǰҶǽһŻ¶衱ڻھˮУ÷µģСõһκȾƣһЩ΢ر˯ˡڶһ磬ϵͰˣһɨˡ
⡰Ż¶衱һҩʦĵ֮һһĶ鵤ҩҩҩΪϣ峿ֻϵ¶ˮΪҩƶɣɫϮˣƽӹһȻƷһˣܲ壬٣ӻ˥ϡ书Чƹ۲ľĸ߼汾˵İ󣬵;㷺Ǿֻϵ¶ˮռ֮⣬УҲرȡá
ˡŻ¶衱̲С״ָãɫ֮֮ʱ̫ࡣ
СѾͷɫҶ֡
ϼسǲʮ·ˣֻһ磬׵
ʱʱ֣Ҷ·ߵһСԱϢԹ˸Ҷ׽˼ִַĺ㣬ڰ֧˸ѣ
ųæǰæ󣬰Ҷ˺öɿݵ֦ҶĶ棬ˮરવţֱؿżĺ㡣
㻹óʵġ
ڡŋ翸ѧϰˡաһҶһ˼ֳյҶַ裬ѵϸµɢں֮ϣһ˴εƮɢ
ԼȻȼ֮⡰աһǾӼ֮رܰ
ſҶĶҲʼ๾
ڡ
ˡԳˡ
ðһֱŹӵڰŵͱ
ųһЦʮοؿԼáԴӸĸ˫ѾٿôĵЦˡ
㣬㣬˾Ͳóˡ
Ҷпõĺָ˽öˣַĴ㣬ͣǼΪʢˡ
ף
Ҷͣ¶кսϸ
ôˣ
ϸĵųҶɫЩԡ
û¡ҶվһЦȥ˽֣ǧҪ
ųһͨ졭
ҶӸ硪֮ǵϴְûûεҡĿ㣬ҶıӰ
֪ˣ֪ˡ
ҶĿЩһۺӶ԰
ԼףûĶԼû´Ļ԰ԶӦкܶɱղűһǰĲҽУҶע
ʦǧԵġָϡĪ룬ĪҶ֮Աǣܶÿ⽭ʲô˼
СӲԵסСõߣҶһԽһɶľ룬һ¶ʯͷһ㣬һɾ롭Σɵص˺Ӷ档һèʧ˰С


042 ħ
ϼسλϵĽͨŦ֮أ򶫳ֱݳǡϳǣ򱱣һسˮ˳򶫱ɵִﾣݣ˺һ·򱱣ɵִ嶼
ϼسǵĽˡ
Ҷŵǰţн˼׵ľ룬ڵ·ֳҶһԹľ֮󣬴һ˷ܵԶԶųС
˸ᵶལĶš
һŸʽװʿװϿӦԲͬɵʿɵˣһɫأŶ桭
ٿһߣ۵һʮߡಲľ׳󺺺̧ľ޴𽻨ʣ˿Ƴ𽻨ڵʵʵ͸˿ֻӰ´£ȴС˸ֽľɫŮ˿£𽻨ǰվһţңָŶĵ֣ӭƮƮŮ·һ㡭
֮ʬᵹڵأţȻ˵һ
Ҷ۾һУһ⼸Ůֿ湻ݵİӵŵʬϿ㶼һвλȫҪ˵⼸Ůӳֵһ𣬱Ϊɱ˵ġ
һһԽڶȵħŮȻֶκݶǣǧ׷ˣƾ磬ǽҲܷһħŮ
ħ̣Ҷһ֮ͽ̬Ȼһת䣬
𽻨Уһᡢĵ𣺡ǼǼһ·׷ȶԱΪ
ߡħŮ˵ö֮Ⱥ˴ȵ
֪˵˭
ӰһһϮɫڴɫʿ׿˵¹غڴ˰ݹٻȻˡغССعû˵ˡ
λԼʮ꣬һƳףʷǷνġغšҲ˵СС෴⡰غš񱱵ĴӦɵеλãԪǵԪ֣¼ĸ֮һȻǫȴеɫ
ŶԭǹغŵĽû
ߡһ죬һɴҸַ緶ƺħŮﲻмһˣȴ¶ֵɫȻΪԷͺǵ⡣
Ҷλ⣬ת֮ʣеı仯ҶУɵðƲ죬߶ϼһﲻһΪ׵ʿȴǸ˾ӡ
²⡪֪һݿλг𣿱ڽ¶棬ٻɼ֣λԱ׷ᣬѵΪ˶Ȳɣ
ߺߣ߯桭ҵڳˣѡͬšǳ㶼ħ̵Ķ֣ҵħƲƺɡħˡҪնɱ
ˡǶˡλǰǧĶԹ㵽СŮͷˡСŮࡪ˶ӯӯƣԼ߿࣬һ̾˵˰
ħԣʱ۷׷ףʿһʱһ͵ҶʱҲ֮֮ͬģֻǰЩνʿף˳֮ͬˣвˬ
𡪡
һ޺𣬺оĪ𳪣ʶһȻѡ
ĪҪѿ֮ҲĪҪҵȲʶħħĹԶˣ֡ȸڴˣҵȻм־⣬㣬ɡ
ħһʱ󻩣벻ħŹ˹죬ֻڲ˶ֵУ˷ʤ¼ɵǳ
𽻨ӰһƺɲԱ𡣡ף벻ﾹȻзŵĸ֣ʨ𹦾Ȼˡִľ磬ʵѵá֪λӢڴأ
һִԽڶüͭһƣһ࣬ȵ£Ӧ档
Ŷԭǡʨߡݵֲʨ˵ľ硭Щˡ
Ӧǰ飬Ŀ
ٻ滨ءɫˣڰٻУȴ뽭Ϊ£֪ɽһսħǲ̤һġȺǰ棬һĸݡݿµĺ߻˵
λ˼ңòư٣ߡʮߣӥṦצϵĹڳˡѵݡšĸ֣
ǺǡޡϷǧšһĳƵʲô֡
ԭǡ˫ס֮һġס׷֮ֲñı·ߣҲѲˡסѵˣ֪֡סǷҲһͬǰأ
һ䣬ȺһʩʩȻԽڶȻ˵ͻˡֵܶˣͬˣ˴ħֽֿ̣ٵϷ򡭡
ʱλӣװưĽͻȻӹȻ˵ӢۻֻۣΪħָħΣ֣ﹲʮλʿ뻨ߴͽ̡
һ̾Թǳ
ȣֻʮɽԵޡȵټõȣû뵽Ȳã㱻λһ·βħŵԣλϧλտ֣ѵˡ
ȵ
ôȵˣ
ϣǿѪͳްҪڡ쾳޻꣬ѧ㣬Ҫǽ롮龳֮ǲ
ѽˣøϽʦš
ɷųһذը˲ð׵˵ĸ˻ҡ
һԶſֵҶϢҲǴһ
ϣǵѧ糬ѡ족֮ڲ롰족֮ʱͨ⹦޻ڵ֮УԽ޻Σʱһ㣬תָʹԼսƾͬʱޱʵĲܴͬ޵ܣܶںʱûС湦Ч似޻ܵЧ似޻걾ں֮󣬸ǽһ¥
⡰ȵһֻƷޣں֮似̱ɣ֮ÿһνܶԳε޻ٴν˵⡰ȵǿԽ˵еޡˡġ
ʱ¾ѾӽⷽļˣǸʱպաȥ߳ɹʵľ޴塣
ܷһֻޱȥ˵ңԶˡˣܹںϽԼ֮ڣ书ֻջ˷
ԱһӻȹСҪԣȴݻֹ
溬ؿǰʿҾ֡
һòȻαӣֻһϢ㶼סˡȵҪôױ֣͸ˡ
侲
һȽڶ׵ʿĳסֻͷҷĺǧĿȵĪŮĹơҲ˵ǡȵϢǼ٣ǴʱתߣŮڴ˺У
źǧתٻȹߵôƣȵôҪϢ͸¶̫ǴˡϷ򲻲ţʱɵò°ٻȵĸˡ


043 ΧŮ
סǧ̤ǰһһ٣Ҫ֡
ৡ
ٻǰŰɫŮӳ˰ѳһͬ׼˺ǧ뻮һкϻ֮󷨡
ǧüĿһԱӰһסǧһԡֵͨƵУԸϹ󷨣Ҳĵá
¡
һ죬ǰһ컨ķңٿʱһӰѳǰոյǳﻹ˿ۼ
ֻŮصɴ֮ڣӭ棬ǣգ⾹ȻŮӵǰͬʱƣ·һַⲻʵĸо
λٻȵĸ޳ͷ٣ʹĻݣҲеİԹ˷ˡ
ֻվ̬˹ͲĸоֳӯżȺջζ
˲¶ݣԿ쳣ǿŮӣǰʱûε
ݻת㷢ֲ֪ʱ˸ӣ˵ᷦ
ֻǸղ⡾黨ӰȺ۴Ϊš
˶ȫ䱸ֹΪ֮һᡣ
ɱţλϻԺ򣬺򻨹ֽ̡
Ⱥһ³ֵͻȻȡ
ĿһƲԭｭɶҡմ
ˮҲ𻰣ֱ̤ǰһԽ˺ǧбңָݣȻһʱһɣǧĵħŮȥ
ֻһ֣һ͵Ҷһ벻Ⱥпƺ۵Ļ´󺺣ȻҲﵽ˵塢ʵʵġ硣ӣǽӽ۷ĳ̶ˡ
Դ˹ȺʿһλҲС컯Ϊɡ
תۼ
ǡڴʱȻתֱԳħˣǰһңҴһݵ½δĵѸȻ·ûгֹһ㡣
״˹书ֻ͵һй崦ʶƴջԼйȥ˲䷵أڣ̱˲ˡĿͨ죬ۡһѪ˳
ٿȻһɫ䡣
ŮȻδ֣һֱˣ޲󺮣ֳʮ˾һܿŮγ֣ܵˡŮǰֻһңյһޣűѪˡ
ħ֮ȫ
ݷ㷢ҡף㷢˫ǰһǴдָ绮ˮһ㣬ڿе˲㲨ƣͬ׹ĻһŻ˫ֵĻγһγһ޴ġ˻С
ǰĳħˣһǰĿ¸оǻγɵУоȴ˵а񡭡˶ãݵƱһ޵ȥĻ
˺ħһʱʧɫԣֻԷ¶Щɫ
һγħжṩ鱨оȻ˵λٻȵĸǺ۷徳ΪԣжĲ߶ѡȡĺ쾳еĸɸ֣һΪǡ쾳ȻԷֻǸող֮δʵɴ˴жĳɰܣѾϼΣٲ֮ǰǰڱصˡ
Ժս죬Ȼȡʤ֮ɸĴҪ࣬ľ󲿷ָ֣Ҫ
ϣò
ʤٵͣһҲòˡ
סǧɫ࣬ȵ벻ҵѽ죬ٻҶ󷨡˾أϷɵ
˵˵֪λӢǰֽأ
նħ뵥Ҳϡ
ԪΪһ֮ǿһϺ֮潣ߣǧٵ㺮âǰƣ콣ݾȥ
ͬʱһʱ⽣ӰȫĴĻݿ񹥹ȥ
Ŀԣ˿վС
һлݾ࣬谭һݵӰӳˮеĵӰһ㣬һ㲨ƣȻһŻ̶꣬ʧ
ħ̻ڽϻɵĸ߼ˮ¡
˫ĿԲһá
ڼֵСŮ͵Ϯ
ֻȴһЩ
һˮĲƵƮ΢֮ݾƮȻħ˵࣬ͻｭɸм䡣
˴֣ͬʱȥݳ裬Ů㣬ƮȻȻȥǵıصöˡ
ҽͬʱ
ｭɸᒁӡôֱǶŰӡ
ͬʱݸչȺ۵УԿңҽ̼ɥȴδ˼ֺ
ӦСǧͺǧȴֻõŹȰƮѲľڱļ϶УͬʱĽвá
ȴõʲôַɱ˶Ū
˫סֵܶ˿ߣȺֻ˵Ṧߣܹϻ˼̳֣ݡ
ֻǧɺգٻͷϣ˫ɺʳ°ȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ǧһƽе滬ֻ࣬Ϊ๣ݾࡣ
ǧǧֵͬܣšԪϸֵ֣ͨһֲ֮Ǻ֮ʱ
ֻһ֣Ա͵Ҷ岻ѡаƾǵĹ򣬸ԼʦǶͬһĸ֣书Ϊǲضáһֻ֣¾Ǽλʦһ֣ͬҲԵֵԵ1+1>2սҶһʱ֮䣬ɵҲֺϻ󷨲Ȥ
λһ֣ոջĻʱжҶʮֿеľ飬Կݵƻóǧ򻯵Ӱ˲ѻС
𣬻ݾվڱƽķ㶼ܲ籩ΧƣӦĳħ˸֣ȴ⾪˵ƾɨöԵˡ
һж裬ƶϡ
յĵĽӦͭͬʱĺ󱳡ǰغвȥ
뻨ݽӴıǴӿлġסǧ
ֻǧ֮УצͻȻΪ๣뻨Ϯָ⽻
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΢˰벽ǧɫԹˣ̴΢ţ³һɾɾųͻȻһΪҴ˫ĿУʱǱϹӡ
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ħ˲ĸ֣һʱħ̵͵ϮŵɢӣǷԵĲ⼸ˣҶħŮУҶв˸
һɴδйΣУȻҶ·׶ʳ߶һ㣬ڲһɶ񺮡
ˡ
㲻ˡ
׼Ŀ֮ʣͻȻǰһҶ˱ˡȴԭǺ϶иҶ֮Σѣȫ߶ԶһѸ롣
ֻͭ˶֮һ䣬ĵβ
Ҷ´󺧣Ī²۵TMDôܻԶټܵġ
϶ṦȻ׿δԭۿҪ׷϶һۣȻ֮ɫ·һҶַ롣
Ҳ໰תٻȥǴԼҲҪҶ˼
Ҫ
Ҷһʱ󱯣ʹ
ӸհǾȳǧҪô͹ҵ
̬ȼһϮöٻâһȻתŶ϶ͷ¡
Ҷһۣ̼Ĳ״
ȴһȣһ·һɿһײɻâ֮Уһײֳ֮ԭΣ͵һϮ֮ΪأȴԭӦеüͭ
϶ӵһ١
Ҷķ¡
һʱء
Ҫ֮䣬ͻȻһɽĵ𣺡СʿĪҪıˣȵһԼɡ
ȴԭǻáٻڸֵעתת۵Ҷ
Ҷ亹͵ðĸҴ𻰣ת㹦
ǺһЦˮƳƿתһȦҶľ
ԶħĴ֣һȣȴЩ޳ĪԹ˼ˡ
Ҷ֪ٶȼ䣬ԱܿϮĳ䡣
Ҷһߣж͵һػҶؿڴ
Ҷܲס۵һѪʱ˼ˡ
ͬʱΪǿħھϮڣҶϾڹԷۺӣͬʱԪ񹦡ħԻǿңϮڵħּΪӴʱһ㣬ڷϣ˲ɥʧ˶Ŀơ
Ҷ׹³һѪͬ٣֫ãֻŭŮȴҲ
һ֣ЦӯӯħĴһʱԽŮ˦䣬Ҷ
۸ҶӸ硪
һ۵ĽȴҶǰһһССӰͻأسԼǰסϮˮƳ䣬һߡ
Ҷ𣬾һ


048 
ӰһΣħ˵ĸַҶΧ
ʱ˿̣ҶͻȻֵСʿɳ˵ľݣܳ˿⡣
á
һųӺ˳ǰȥȴҶһסȵܹȥ۵һ³һѪȴһʱ˼ˡ
ʨߡһֱӽҶڵϣƵֺģ˳ȵСȶϢλͬһ
á
˸˹ΧΧ϶Ҳû֣ץסʱָ
ڶɸֶݺݵضŲԶŮȴһ죬Ů޳ܡ
ԭ֮ǰ䱻ҶһӶϣȲΣ£žͻȻֵ˿̵ħŮֻűɴ¿һԼ˵չ¶š
Ӣ۳ŮΪΪŵ޳ܣȴһ۾ͨ죬ɵùԲҲ֪зŭ
֪ҲǰһĻôסˣŲͣߴСȵСŮһʱ֪ôźá
ۡſҪ㣬СѾͷ֪ʲôħ̲ħ̣ߴС첲Сȣƴؿ޺ŵ㣬㣬ϳƨɵŮ˺ÿ£ۡ
ԸУһĨڲĹ֣Ӣ۶Ϊ̵֮ڣȴСŮƨɡȻĴҶʵڲΪ棬ȴӰ졣øĸõĸףСѾͷո֮ʱˣСʳ鳤պȻЩʱգŮһǶׯ֮ˣļŮԵıǮչ¶̡
һͯϷԣȴֳձùޱȣΣķĳ棬ȴƫƫдЦһĳ嶯ȺۼȡЦħŮȴΪԷռƣͶ֮£̵úòܡ
ųȴŵɫ԰ףһصʬԱǰеŮΪÿڲԣٲûЩͷɥæȵҪ˵
һС첻˵һƲֻŵСèһ㡣
ݱЩ룬СŮڲԣһʱӶˣŭȵѾͷ졪ûι̰
Сɫһˮˢľֹסˣ¶ı飬˵ʲôӵģǵˡ
һкһԭһû˵ġ
Զų»̼Ҷʹࡢɫ԰ףȻ˵ģͷֻԼǰλ㣬Ҫ˺ã᲻µģɡ
ԼôһЩ꣬һѾͷ˵žͷţƫƫţ㡪ףתͷҶԵųСȻһɫյСûһʱס
ô᣿ܣôô
㣬áѵ
ɫһ䣬ų˵ǸѾͷ㣬㡭꼸ꣿ
ףųɫԷôͻȻԼ䣬ҽʮˡ
ʮꡭһԼеСѾͷʵඣ
ءҪ㣬ҲŲҪ˵㳶ۡ
ͻȻü꣬ŭ˵㻰˵˵Ұιߡ
һ㶣ҿ˿ʵôСĸòãҪ߸
ʲôӰ
ЩͷּۣƷСѾͷ˭İ
ĹȴĽ²ѣŻݱɫŮһŭ֮ԶԶغûûˡλ㲻Ҫ˺
һңȵס졪㵱ɱ˿ôһСѾͷ˺ʲô
ųһţֻļ٣ͣشŪ½ǡ
ĿڲϵСѾͷ¶һ˵С
ͻȻһ·ʲôһ㣬Ȼ˺СѾͷͷ·ѩ׵ļ¶˳⻬һƬ״
ûУôûС
ԣԣǣǡ
ôǣӦһģӦøǣֳɳģɽҰ֮Уôỹиĸ·ǳԹܶġǸˣôǳԿࣿ
ʧǣէ߸䣬һʱܴ
Ǹˣһʱҧгݡ
Ǹ˸
Ҫҽôᡭ
Ҷڷڣʹ಻ӦеķŹȻңԸħʵڲ䳤ֻٵƴֵħȴ޷ѹסбڵϢȥò˶ãԼͻᾭѣΪˡ
ŮһǹԼһȴħԼõġһ֣һҲԼǶϽۣŮ˼Ҫܻ׽Լһʱ²ɰ
Զɫ粻˷ܣֺϧ仯Ҷһͷˮħ̵Ůôˣһˣһʧģвô
һ֮ɫųҶһʱβǸոջóȼѧ飬޷嵭ʱĻ⡣
ԼԼһʱǿڵĻˡ
ҶһֱڣһζԼ˽ԸЩ𡣶ԼԴˣǴ뷨ģûʹ˵ĸܡ
СϰˣѧҲˡʱգСԲֽҲˡ
СѾͷɽҰ֮䣬ԵԼεĻźͺ¡Լ
֮ǰӦǼʨ𹦡Сĺ֮࣬ɺӹѰԼû뵽ΪԼĻƣȻħŮסԼǶԲСãΪСԼԼԼȴܣСѾͷΪ˾ԼŮסҶ߬ȭͷָĵС
Ҷ׼Ǻ˵ԸԸ񼴱ǰĸҲرټʱҶһμǺޣǺ޵ĲκˣԼԼٶ࿼ǿǱˡԼܹǿһ㡭Լô˽
ǻΣǿڷһϢҶЩŹֵĻݺλٻȵľŮķϣɣСȻ
һ𣬴ӻ䵱оѹЦƾ㣿ߡôлң
Ҷҿһۣħ˵λֲδ¶էŵ˵ֻҪСѾͷǾߣһ
һݣ˼˵Сʿ߻ħǷŹ㵱ǱĲɣӵʱΪˮˣ
Ҷһ죬Ƴųһۣһҧ˵ֻҪССԸƾá
á۾һͷͬ⡣
СѲɡ
С
϶Ϻͽͬʱֹ
ǧ˵ħŮƶˣСва
һԽ˵ӣħ̽нףּۻۣС
Ҷò߻ħƿڴĵүСүԼõܡ
Ǳ߻ͻȻʲôһ㣬˵װʲôߣıˣҪҷŹһвǲԣǸСŮҲңǼ˱ˡ
Ů޳ܣҵʿøӻٽŮ޷ſҵ㲻ݡ
ǧֵܶһʱŭҰ׵üĵɡ
һԵĽ˻ȴɫһ࣬͵ųһۣ³ɣһҡͷԼ뷨


049 Ů
Ѷﻹ˼ɣһ£˼󡪡
ǡ
һһ󣬰˸ŲͬɫµĳֽŮƮȻ£һ˪񣬳һָңңҶһˡ
ʮħ˸֣һʱҷǳ
򶨣ħŮԲѣҵȵ֮ɻʤ
㼺ֻʮˣȻչһĿڲţ˼ң˿׸ԡ
һЦųħ˸һţһ£ŮתϡͬʱһѨһλ󺺣ʩչħٴμս֮С
һΣٲһ˿أĽħ
ʦĪҪңȥ󡭡Ҷһ˵
ӦеϢֻܱ֤ҶڲӰ죬ȴħպȴҲﲻʲôæڳΣأΪңҪӦĸֿס档
ӷСʿһ£ƶɮȥȥ
һʨӦӭٵĻݡ
ʱϽ϶δŲĸǿסǡ˼ʣµĻݣҲֻӦһ֮ˡ
ӦгͭѶΪأʱֶֻܿԵУȻϹһǿᣬɫӰӲ˺ôһƬӭͷŻݵȥ
쾳Ầ£һӭ
Ӧд߶ȫƴһƣĵƶɮҲҪٴϼˣá
˾㶼⾪һ־עһĽ
еĽ沢δӦһƣǻݾȻӦһۣһˮ֮ȻΪһŻ꣬ɢУɢ
Ůգǡˮ¡ɶ񡪡
һ˵龰˾㶼һ۴ʱǹأ㶼ƴػĹѰУԼ˶Է͵ϮĶ
á
ӦȻԱҶãȻתͷ̽
ȴҶ̱ڵϣһŭɫȴ
ȻԸҲСʿ
һЦ֮ʱֳˮƳϾһСȻǸղվҶԲԶų
ħŮŪô棬ȻֻΪһСѾͷ
ӦͻȻԼԴͬľһ㣬տҲûһ˿˼ڡ
Ůкͼóѡ
Ӧиһأض𣬻ҫݡ
ЦһֵĳĶ߰㵹أӦеľһƺ޻εӲƴһǡ

ݽƮȻߣӦȴٿѪʱȥ
´󺧣һľ֮С
ѵħŮ֮ǰĶƴУȻδ˿˲
ò䳶ųշˣ֮䣬ͻȻ
һŰɫֱ£ȴһµĸ֣ɫĽݺݡ
һȣ顭
һܵĽ֮Žһ㣬Ӱϣէ֡
¶ͣϳ仯Ϊ϶ϲƬɢɣųʱѱԷأħ˴
˼ŭ𣬰˱һͬˡ
˵һһŵɫâ֮ĵϮֽâ֮Уһ죬ɣȻڵϡ
˼ɫҰףվҪٴιǺһа˱ֳȻжΣֻʣһѽ䣬䣬䣬¶һѩ۷۰׵ۣŮһʱٲ
ڳˣãȻΪ֮ﲻѡ
Ӱζ֮䣬˴ӿӯӯ䣬δվһɵѳǶˡ
һת¶令ųʱ֮ɫץס˵ۣ·һץסԼĹһ㣬Ҳ֡
ҶͻȻֵĸ֣²ǳʱֻѩһŹü䣬ĿǸòŮӣͿʮͷȴʮҶ֪һĸֶפ֮һʱҲӲ²⡣
һװɫģͷ˿ȴŵޣŷһɮɮƵǵ࣬ׯϣһ˫Ŀ俴ǰĻݣʵòӵܣ
ᣬɫƫƫ˵ţ˹ĴȺ͡ҶһʱЩˡ
ֻǾɫǾ欵ĻݳƵͬһȼֻǶȻͬһõ壬һĴչ˵ǰλԼֻƽŮУòʣһܼ
һʱ˷ΪŮһƬĽ֮顣
ݾ긦һԾˣʦ̫ʱǡѹҲ˶ˣ
ʲôѹ
Ȼʮߵѹ
˵һɵĵӣ㶼ݲŮӣһȻˡ
ӷ𣬾ʦ̫òһɺá
˾ɲ֮ʱһϲӦӦ;кĹʩ
Ŷԭǡ¡޺֮һġʨߡ̨ɽһȴδʦַ־࣬ݷ
ǰžʦ̫죬ǿϲɺأӦڡԪǻʵںաӦΪ¡²ӻˡ
Ժ
ԭӦгȻǡ¡Ļ޺֮һֲù˻񣬿ǽµΪ¡Ժ֮һˡ
¡ųƷڣ½ֵһţ˵ӳĴ湦ʮڹʮ似ϳһٵ˾ųµһ
¡Ĵɮ޺Ϊ֣Ĵɮǽʮֽаʵֻ֮ˣ׳֣ûǡϵڡڶʦݣΪڶ֣ʵʵѧΪΣû֪
һʱ֮侹Ȼһ֣ħ˾㶼оʱתʱþӡ


ãŮҪܡ
ݼиֵȻߣ𽻨֮󣬻õٷɶݣЩ¶ٹ˼
˼ʮ̧εʿһͬ󳷣ɢӣȻǰеõĳЩָʾӷ򣬾㲻ͬ
ӰһŮѽųƸվӦУ٣׷ħŮ
׷Īħһˡ
غšὣ׷ʱܽĸ޼ˣˣһء
ŭһŶȥһ׷ȥ


050 ޱ
ų絶¶ǰһεŰŮ׷ȥķΨһǣҡ
粻֪˿࣬òСķҡųˮճյĬ´ʿһҪû
ǴİŮֻһ棬ųС˲ĥӡǣͺԼóຣҶһ
ųֻͷһʹ֮ɫҶ˫ֺʲĬĬϣҲ㱣ҶӸƽ£ҲҪðȫ
ųĵڴʱȻűˡ
ʱҶң಻ԡ
ڵڹʹʹ࣬˿ȵ̥ǡʱɡ֮ǰӦжԼȶ˵ڵڵħӴ޵ҶȻֻħŰʧȥ˿ƣҲʹҶ޷תڹķҲ޷µڽġħ𽥵Ҷһ֮ʱħȻٴ뵤ʱûħĻ壬ľҲڼΣޱȡ
εųǰӰһ׷Ůȥľʦ̫ҵѻת
ųǰһæǰȥסʦ̫䣬ʵʦ̫ʦ̫ȻôȻô
ʦ̫һ࣬ǸȻ˵СŮṦ׿ƶиУûܾá
ųȻһͣԸŵı飬ģġҡͷߣһɫҪãҪá
ų֮ʧֻųʧķ׷ȥ
СãĪҪȥ
ʦ̫һקסų˵Сãûõģ׷ϵġ
ųͣؿ޺ѾûеˣûмˣûáҪãҪá
һϤסнųͷʱȴҶվԡ
ҶӸ硪
Ҷǿųǹǰʹų۾˵ҶӸ粻ãҶӸ綪áţ֣ԼСָסųСָ˵ҶӸ㷢ģһһҶӸһǵСһġҷġ
ų̲ͣס۵һ˽ҶĻ޺š
ҶӸ磬һҪһðۡ
İɣá
ҶȰסųһɣȴоھ͵һۡ
һѪҶ浹أ紥鴤ͣȴԭһʱڵħ
ҶӸ磬ҪųһҶϡ
СѾͷҪޣҷ
ڴΣʱ̣һֻסҶĺģһ𣺡СѻľƶΪ㻤סɤᣬһľĴȺ͡
һžӸҶԺ岻طɶԷڡ
ף
ʦ̫һҶڣһ졣
СʿŰħ֮࣬˵ħŮҪСʿأСʿȻδѶ֤Сʿ˵ļָͣѾǿɵ״ˡ
ʱСʿھڼڱѵıԵסСʿľ䱬ѿ֮£ǲҲһķˡ
СʿڹķҲΪȻƳħԣҪħ࣬ڵħˡ
Сʿ˼ĵʿ֮㣬ҷȱҶҪһȡ
ʦ̫һСѾͷ˽ߣȻʮΣۿһӢܾʹɥħ֮أһ˼ľ
Сʿһ׹ܾȴҪϲУ֪Ϸ񣿡
ҶΣʱ̣ԥǿſ˵ͷѧԼӰĴҲǿǽӲܵʱˣȱס˵
˲źáŹΪޱҡѹ֮ѧҿھļ£ĬĬС
书ھԻ
Ҫϥֱ˫ꣻ
ľʹתƣ
֮һϢ
𶯱ǻͷʧ룻
븹а˷ֱصסϢ
סϢϢϢߣ

סޱ̶ĽʫɿھϿ֮࣬ΪüǡҶЩŹô׶Ŀھʲôر֮ʦָ̫еľ·֮ʱŴطԼס
ʦָ̫λã쳣̬һϵѨλû˵Ϊ޹ؽҪѨλû뵽ŹѨλѰʦ̫׹ϣȻһҶ˵
ԭ׻ƼƷѧ·ڹķȻ֮ͬ⣬ŹڲγɵĻΪޱĲ˵ȫŵġˮһ໥֮䣬μԼڵڹķκεĽ·ֲڵһ㡣
Ҷ֪½ϣڹķϸɡһһڹķ֮ȥǿڹķԭеڹôͱҪȥתԭڹġԭڹġתΪڹġҲ˵һ˵ֻһԵġڣͬԵġǻųġ򲻽òЩ亦
⡾ޱȴˣⲻġɾʦֲ̫ҶڵģͷϵĽ䣬εѹסнѵľѹס˾ڵħҶԭҲѹסˡȻڹ䣬֮ʱתٶȴ½˺ü㼶ֱǸС๦һͺñǸһϴһһ㣬Ȼˣܵ˺ͬʱҲóزжóٻˡ
ݡŋ翸еҶõĺôҲֹѹסħô򵥡
ȣޱصģҲ˵ĵطȫڲƻתڹĻϣҶڵġҲ˵ޱҪͬΪ˶һϵһе
Σ湦ԺúõرҶľ˺ֹǴ˿ڲħպԵУʮޱ൱ڸԼľһףܵ˺
֮ǰ˵ھ֮ϵġޱǸ֮˱ϳصɳһʼȻأһӦ˶ɳ֮ͻе࣬ǡͬĵպҶӦڵġޱ֮պһ⿪Щޱһ˲ǡڡѹڣŹµͻеȼϵֶΣļЧֻǡޱ᲻ףҪڹ֮Ĵ£ֻڵ״Ӳпܻ٣¼ޱҲҶ㣬һӱʮ֮
֮ĺôٶȽ࣬ҲӰ졣οС๦תٶȾˣƾ΢ƣʱ˺ЩٶȣҲѷѣӰʵķӡ


051 ת
Ҷտھչ񣬻붨
֮ʱʦ̫ӱĴͬɫһ䣬ԼľγһɫĹ⻷һۣһΣһɫ⻷γ֮͵һͬһס궯ľԭڷڲľٿȻѹżŲ
㣬Ҷ궯ʮȫ羫ϵһ㣬˸ʵʵʮͬɫʯһ㾧Ө͸Ĺ⻷ס˾궯ͬħһð
һɣʦ̫۲ɫ԰ףȻء
Ҷָмæתסʦ̫ɫİŮᰴҶ򣬲䶯ֺɤŲݾܾ˵ƶ£СĪҪһʱ̣ú˹ڵħҪʱһã㾭桭
Ҷмͷʾųʦ̫ԼҲӻͳһƿŻ¶衱ݸʦ̫˵ʦ̫֮ҲлʦƵ裬Чʦ̫ܣĴΣ붨
ʦ̫΢ЦͷҲӹһţ淸֮ɫæһ裬˹
ҶŴɵĸԼСɵ°ϲʱҲҵֺæ˹ħ
ͻؿһ㣬һζҵҩ裬𾪵ĿһȴӦЦݣԼһۣЦСһҩҲ͵һҩһ軻һ裬˭ҲǷ˭
һĴУҶҲɵúǺǴЦԥ̷ֱȥ
ֻǵҩһ縹УΪһӴԪȻԼĵ֮ڣ֮ǰĵ˲䱻ǵȴֻǻ˲ʮ֮һȻһöĵҩ
Աһ˹ϢĺǧһЦĽ˵Ӧ黹Ưһ¡ġֵ¿ޣСĴʺ񣬾ҵΣѣд˸ֻǴ˱ȴһƶϴͷЩˣ
ҶһҪ˵ȴǧֹŲضԼĵܵܺȵСйֵҪͷĪҪ졭֮£ֵܶԺ飬ҪĴвǡ
ǧͷӦǣҶһգۣĿ
ܵ佱Ҷͷ̵ģ嵭ЩٴİĿʼϢ
ޱ¼ɣϲûƼѧһ36㼼ܵ㣬һλûƼѧ72ܵ㣬ûƼѧһһΡ
ҶһЦԭǾʦֻ̫нߴķйţȴûСķţȴҶáŋ翸͵͵¼ˡ̵Ҫһ˲䣬һġޱ㱻Ҷ¼ˡ
ʮ֮һѹ⴫ؾ
վʦ̫⣬ӦǸԼľ׼ޱѹס궯ȴ룬Լѧ͵׵Ĺ
ʱҶϴӦõ༶Ʒѧܽʨ26ܵ㣬Ӻ϶õĳȼƷѧԪ90ܵ㣬Ӿʦ̫õĻƼƷѧޱ72ܵ㣬̶һ֮ڣҶõ188ܵ㣬Զƹʱһá
οҶ˵õ˱༶ѧƼѧͳȼѧһһΣҶսѡĻᡣ
ﾡħ֮ͽȳáǴ˿Ҷеִ
ִתһǾǣҪøǿҪеˡ
ҶĬ룬ʱħŮ֮ʱ̬𾪡Իǲ⡢ءǿ־塭
ħ̹䣬ҲʱʵߣȴƾŶֶȡȻ֮ززʿѧ࿹⡣þԵɣҪΪʱ
ʮҶ˵̫ңԶ
ҪپҪ߹ò˵ħŵսΪʺԼ
Сү似Ĺ䣿ߺߣСүһĽӹѧأ
ӱƣսߣϣʤƳߣأ罭
䲻⣬Ҫ桱󲻵
οԼ޵ġС๦һԿͨʹѧΪɫڹķԼҪص㷢ӳҲ̫Բ𴴳ѧң˼ˡнӹ˼ҡ
˼ȥҶһĿ궢һ׳ȼƷѧ档
ѧ֣Чһš
ѧǡתơ
תơǽӹеһ书ʱĽһŽ֮۶Էʩֹ֮ܽתԷֵ书ԽߣԽĹڣֵıȭתܣеȫڡ֡
һһҪȫϡ
ң뵱ĽǺεӢۣתơݺὭ޵Сֻƾ仰Զ϶λĽҵڽҲһʦһĽɫϧֻ֪췴ȴѧûһٴﵽĽ߶ȵģܲ˵һźĽźҲǡתơŸ湦ź
ĽڽϵӰǳ󣬽ֻҪһ̸Ľݣ޲սľĽڽϵǿĽһִģĽһ֮ڽϴɼĽ书֮ȷʵǷĽ书֮Ҫڡת񹦡
С๦ת΢֮תѧĪܵʽ֮תơӦã֮ѧĪܷ
žѧ㶼¼䡰΢ѧһתһǰԵСϽܣãʵ֮ϡ


052 
С˲һ飬ʼգС๦͡תơʹߵж˥Ȼڸǲס񹦵ŷɧڶоԵʢӵдӵҶ֮һ
ѧֶǽӹԭбѧȻˣȴ硾ڤ񹦡ʮơ񽣡֪ڡŋ翸󡱵еλͣҲڱҶСӡ
һŸҺ͡ʮơаѧȻֻڡȼƷĵȼʵǱɳҶ׵øˣȴҲɵöԡŋ翸ϵͳ²һ
ʵڽӹС˵УơС๦͡תơӵѧʤö٣ֻǵʹһǻ׵Ľɫһ񹦾ȫ裬ʵǿɱ̾
һʹ¸ѧһԷ¸ѧߺ϶ΪһһأһֱҶһ룬Ǳѧһ֮󣬸ûʲôĻѧӦ
룬ڿʵˡ
⡾תơĹıһ˫ϵĹ򡣶ҪתơŹгɣȡҪֶαǴͨ͹Ѩ֮ͨϡһ㣬ȴڡС๦ĴڣĽˡĵ͹ѨǡתơҪڣͬʱҲǡС๦ġʮ칬֮һͬҲҪڡ
ѵڤڤ֮֮ھԼôҶ˷ܵҪ
Ҷŋ翸֮ʽֵֻ֮ľ뵤ӨӨŹ⡭˫ڵ֮λϣӨӨϹ⣻£ųӨӨ⡭Ϲ⡢͹ѨΪģתһΪһΪʲôͬתǳ졭
ҶС๦ʮ칬֮һġ͹Ѩͳͨתơν°빦١ʱҶˡתǺλĳ̶ȣɼƷġתơѧ֮ʱǡת족ĳ̶ȣѾﵽˡСɡתԵУѿתްˡ
תơתΪУֵתƣڶֻԼۺ֮ϡԽԽǣתƸĹ
Լɷת˵ġʮٴιԼҲ˵ԼʹġԽߣǿתƵġʮԽǡתơеġҲǡתǡԼֻõ֡ԽˡʮԷĹжˣǡƷ
һһһתһƣǡתơҪ塣
תơʹ߱Զ֣ǾͲô񹦣ֹͻתƲ˼ʹ߱Ľݸֻ˴ҵרϰİӣȻ޷ĽݲҲֻ̰ѧҲ洫ĸѧϰ͸ʵǿɱ̾
⡾תơף롾С๦ϣֻҪҶԸ⣬⡰Ա֮ʩͷҪĽݸҪøΪףҲʵöࡣ
һ뵽պڴ¡Ա֮ʩĺպҶɵЦ˳
һšתơĵҶһγȼѧһ126ܵ㣬ʣ62ܵ㡣ʱҶʵսһµĸ߶ȡ
ʱ䣬׷ħ˵ġԪҲһظ˻
̴ֶߵͷֱһ԰˿ڣ·ɱĲħ̵Сආħ̽һ㡣
ҶЩʹġغšܾ̫ں棬ʱΪ˵ĸо
ϾԼѵսѣЩꡣҶȻûĵزҲ֪ܽƾоһˡͬԴһλغ㹻ľ⡣
ڽУҶСʿֻܻǸòĺ󱲰ɣȻⳡħ̵Ľ棬Ҷŵʱ䣬ѹľʦ̫˲˶ѵôѵģҶҲĶ֮һˡ
ħԳħΪĿģŪ˲أʱʮ֮࣬ʱֻʣһʮˡн϶Ͼ㶼ˣձΨӦ˽ᣬʱҲΪ䣬վžʦ̫˫ֺʲʩ˼ˣҵҲˣʦ̫Ԯ֮պҪ𡪡
ʦ̫һ˵Ӧʦˣ˼֮ƶҲλԵ
Ǻǣδʦ̫ڴ˴
ӷƶ˴ɽʵΪǡȵ
ʲôˣ
ʦ̫չһЦ仨޲ɷӦСųķͽæͷĬš
һ죬չһĿϹľʯ֮ϡ
Ӧ֮ɫ⡭⣬ǡ
ǡȵеľԴֻҪöԴƶиİս顯ˡ
һʱ֮䣬ԲʮɷΧڣضȾһɫõĹУһֻȼɫСչ᰿衭

ԭǿ쾳ݵ޾Դ
ӦУΧе˶˵ɫâˣλðɫʵС
֮ɫ˸
벻벻ŮԶѰû뵽ȴǰæһ⡮ȵȻΪʦ̫õɸõˣħѹꡭǧĽɫܵõȵľԴʵǴԵ˿Ӳáţʵ֪ʦ̫Ҫȥδ
ƶˣ鷵ʦš
ҵҲҪȻ嶼ȻħˡҵȾʹ˱ɡ
ӦתҶʵ֪Сδأ
Ҷ֮ݳǡϳǡ
΢¶ź֮ɫ̾Ϣ벻Сѽһ棬Ҫֱ𡭡СС£书ǿƶɮύ֪СΣ
ҶٿȻϲæͷӦǣͬʱ˵ܵôô˵ѣȻˣҼӣֱ˷ܷǳ

ӦոĹͷ״Ц
Сʿֻ۽飬ǿֻ˲ɣǧĲϣϲＷҶ
ŪҶæϹϴǵú϶ϿЦ
Ҷһ˻رǵõڶֵϿɣ׷ױʾҶδĳɾ͡
Ҷ̸Ц֮ʣ۽ƳԱų֣æ˹ȥ
ȴʦ̫ҲųһЦݵؿԼҶһʱƺףҪԵʲôˡ


053 ϼ
ûˣûˡõӰô˵߾أ
Ҷڰ౳ϣ˸βͲݣŲƣĥĥ߶š
еĿζﻯһֱൽ
ž°ĴԴҶ˵ι࣬˵ǲرܰߵ˶ˣ
衪
һԴǰļֻӬþͭһ졣
Ŷҡͷ㲻ôΪǰɡǺֵܣҾǰӣƽϵ׷ɱǻ¡
˵˵ǲӦðѳأȻѹʮ֮һ޿ܵõôҪǵò洫ǻһȥôܶһ书
⣬һҡͷ
壬һ졭
ҡͷǾó롮ѹȽϺǰɣҲǣôŮӣƽûôģҾʦ̫õģǷǳãһչ˳ðɡ
ͺ࣬˸硭
ͷ㶼ôΪ뿪ע˰Ҷ죬̾һֹҲ֪ǸСѾͷжأӣӦòΣյģֻǡħǺĻӣܽصȵȥôùӦǹ֪ٻھݣȴҲ֪ٻȾ
Ҷз꣬ĹβͲݺݺӵľƺ«๾غһڡ
һľ˳űǻ͸˳
ʹ죡
衪
ŵİ࣬Щܲסˣҡͷ˦βҶҪƺȡ
ǰ治Զϼسǡ
ƵţѾۿɼˡ

ϼسϳ⣬ʮһƬɰĹٵϣһСС̶ӱѪϴ
ʮһʬûһȫģѪģʬ飬ҵ࣬õǣųӵļƥͬ³Ȯ
һףΰ쳣òĹͷӣ˫Ѫ죬˷쳣ĽһƥԴĲϳ
Ѫ˴һͷһ󺺱һͷرһѪ
ȡ
һ΢һء
ͷͬȱϰȻѣͷ޺Ρ
ˣϾš硢ǻǣƻʧѾһ·ˡ
˵һİСˣʮߡ˵ӣüۣһͷԺβ裬һü˥ͬһ㣬޹ʡɫʿۣӾһֱֵ棬ɢһζ
󣬻վˡ
һݸߵĽͣʮ꣬һݵģһ˫ЬһǻǺڵĳ㣬ֻһʿۣӻԵĴһţ¶׾ţɫʿ۵棬бһѳ£ҲĽǱȽϸɾͶԼ⣬ִֻ˳ƮԼȴһǰ裬һȴűʺ
һһŮӣɫף·ľżһ㣬ľȻ֮ɫ·Լ˸ʵʵ͸¶ŹϢٶȴĵһ׷뷨
ˣһҪɱˣˡ
ͷ޺͵ػͷ˫Ѫ˿ܲ˷֮ɫ޾Ŀ־塣һɱħɱΪ֡
˵ˡ˲쳣һȴùͷ޺Ϊ֮һ
˿ĭͷ޺תһЦε˵ðɣðɡ˭ҿǰҾһΣö˵Ҳ̡ܽ
ͷ޺ɫͻȻÿȺս˵˽꣬һҪս㣬һϡãһ
˥ޱ飬תȥһƮ˹Ԫ˵ɣʱ̡ǰǵðŪɾҲǶ鷳
ľȻŮȻޱ飬·е޹һ㣬ƮƮظ˥еĲ죬Ʈ˹ȥ
ݸߵĽҲǰǰͷƳ˹ͷ޺һۣһϵ裬̶ϡ
ҡ
ͷ޺һЦݸ߽͵Ʋ˿ȤҶ֣ҪұԼǿġ
ۻѪ۲ͷ޺ա
˫ȭƽǰ
𡪡
һ˫ȭ͵һգһȣ͵˲ֿΰһࡣճϵѪҺȻżһ𣬱÷塣
ͷ޺˲Ǽⱬ˲䣬ճϵѪҺۼҲһͬ飬
ͷ޺Ȼƾǿᣬʵ亱
ӵĿΰ޺ԼİһѰֻ֮ҵһɫĿӡ
յӴͷ޺ʣһ˰Ľ˵öԣӦÿ˿·ˣһսŪûಲҿɲǸ̬
ͷһ޳һɱ¾ͷ޺ɫ
ŲӽżɻɫȻڳϲӻ죬ӷ壬ǵù֮ء
˿ĭͷ޺Ȼȥ
Ƕӷˣ֪Լһɱһɶľ޺Ϊ˽ٲƣֻΪԼ̻ĸֲ͵ĻӦĿ˰ɡ
ֲˣǵһվҶһϼسǡ


054 ƼЪ
ӣӣȺĴ
ʳ¯Ĵ
ǮǮûǮ˳պϹһٷǮٸǹ
ҩڵԪѪ磬ȥɢ־ȥȥθڣʳ̵
ŵ֬ˮۣˮǡ
ι·ŵ㡭
ӣƹϵˡ
ӣСTMDأ
λүǵû

ҶſţϣֺǺǵĴ
ٺ٣ǹŴ˵̫˼ˡ
ϼسǱ𿴲󣬵ҲϵĽͨҪ򱱾ϴݣ򶫱ݳǡϳǣֺ̼ͽﲻسе̼ҵ̣¹ʲôģһϡ
ҶϼسǣʱĶ·ϣˮϢ̯̣۴αȣƳġġġεģĿϾӣϾţҶԴ˹Ƶأһۣҿһۡ
ҲֲҶС֣Ȼǰĳ棬ɫòȴڵϣҲȺԱĻε͡жȵʵ
СʿװҲġ
εСͯſţϣٿǴţģԴѪͳֱһ̹ˣʲô⿴˶ø·˭ǣ
һ·ѹ緹ʱ䣬Ȼ˳ˣôٴθʱҶмֱͣѰһ·ԻɾľƼұȥ
ӭˣλүǴ⻹סꣿ
ȶɾϷٳԷҼҰϺòϣƶð̳ϾϣһҼҰԤϣڡ
ϡ͹ǣţ
ꡪ
ѽ谡С֪ǳǣţͷһ죬ҧСֱۣŵõСһƨڵϣСү⡭
ԲסˣС硭
Ҷͷûţϰ߱ϣֵԶˡ
СҶԵ˾ƵǣСħţռһţû취޵Ϣ̫ǿңͨڼ˵ʱͶˣѣ˸ƧСţϵһжóԺúȵһϣСħţذ
벻øһ䡭
ź˰࣬ҶҲķϴɾֱӱ˸ٽֵ˼ͷһţ⣬̻ףһϾƣ
ҵ̵ľˮһ㣬ͲʦĹƺúȡҶ²һµңһ߳Էһʵȴ˼
ħһߣҶеġ
⼸Ĺ⾰߾ͷ¹ʣǾϽãħħ̵Ľ棬ߣʦ̫־ˣͬʦ̫ѹ
ۻһҶǰɹʱݣӡ̣ϽáӦС϶ϡʦ̫ǸħŮݣҶԺ˲ĥӡ
Ƕ˶ء
ħŽ棬ҶԶáԪ񹦡ԭЩԼĹ˵Ĳɣ¶ʦšû뵽鵹ҶЩˡԭϣҵħʤŹĸҺ͵ҹͣħŹѹƣֻǳ̶вͬѡ̫Ԫ񹦡͡չħ䷨Ȼħ񹦣ħԵѧֻֻ֣书ѹħŹзϮ֮ЧħԼǿԲŻᱻޡ
ҶʩչġԪ񹦡ֻǡ̫Ԫ񹦡ĳħһ㣬ֻ˵˲׵ĵҾѧû˱뵽ǰǰʧħ񹦡
ҲһֱĻ㷵Ҷһ
һ˴εԼǳ뽭ЩˣǾʦ̫Լ˵ͽˡ
պ󶨵ӱ²źá
Ҷܽᾭѵ
˵ԼðջǺջġ
Ӧе༶ѧܽʨʦ̫ڵĻƼѧޱԼģ϶ϵشķȼѧԪ𹦡
Ǻ϶ϵġԪ𹦡һڹѧ֮⣬湦Чһɡԣ֮ǳҲʹöϵצ֣ѵ⡾šȻڶԼǵûĻšӦڵʮλŴɡ
ףˣ֮ǰƹ۵λ۽񡱻ǡšĵӣӦûλϵʦ֡
Ϊ͢ѲŵʹԵĶӦǡϽΪ׵ĺڡϽƺħ̵Ӱӣʦܺ϶ڳħһҲݾڡһеı󣬻᲻ʲôأһѵֻɺϣǳ͢ʲôľٶ
Ұң֮˹Ȼ̫ʺôԣ̫ˡ
Ҷϵطֺ޸ݵĲ²⡣
ô϶Ϊ˲һųȼѧʱϵԼ֤պһҪյĶ飬ŪƤԼе㲻˼ˡ
λȼѧ˼ң֪ԼʲôأҶ֮ǣθһʱú


055 з
ųȼѧĶһᣬҶԥػˡתơŹ棬һһתƺת˵Ĺ䲻⣬طǳ
ҶǵǸħ̵Ůݣħ񹦽϶ϵľһת˳ħ˸֣һʱ֮侹Ȼһֲ˲˲أֲ㼶ĸֶ
һƯֳӪһصգ˲֪ȻɴħŮսʤľо˲ѹħˡ˵ʵڵģԼڵķ˻ݡٻҶħؾ˵ħ˸ֵ߱ٿȻˡ
ƴĲɱУϣʱԾһսʤ
ӵˡתơҶҲյıǮ
ǡħСүǡɡ
ٺ١

ҶԱ㣬ֲôط䣬м֮£ӳһŻףʩչתơ
ֻǿŻף֮ʱ΢ð˵ݵһ£˳ȥ˵ϡ
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Ҷһ֣һŻףزǼ򵥵ĵȥ£˫ֳͣطסֺһӣһַ˻ȥȻָϣðַء
Ҷ˫֮䣬ǿſĻףȥҺһ̲ͣתơȻѾѧᣬͷҪڼϰҶ֮٣еķ˲գԽԽã𽥴ﵽĵز
ҶǰĶʮ꣬Ȼ˶ȹʮˣ˵ӦǸǳĴģˣϧǰһĺӡʵҲҶΪǰҲǸÿ춼ڼС˵Ϸŷϵ˶ƬլСӵ˼룬ȴ١鲻Ҳûκε裬ڶʮʱʣʵȻǼȵĲ죬һҲΪʲôһܹôС켣һƵԭ
ҶĲֺ𽥼ǿˡתơԽԽʢǿŻҲԽԽ죬Ҷ಻һ߾룬ǿŻ׵ٶȼﵽѱļޡ
䵯ȥĻףٵƿһƬ۷ʱġˡΧʳ;ĴΪ۷˽²ע㱻һڡ
С˳ӣӣϽҳǱˣΨʡ
ϣƹġ
Ҷһ´֣æȥס΢ð⣬ԴȴŤߣֲ֧ؿŵСͷ
תơΪĽҾѧȻĶ֮ġ⡱ǡתơеġ淴Ҫǽ˵Ĺ淴ȥϹ⡱ǡƷҪǽ˵Ĺƣõ˵ĹΧˡ
һʺڵһʺȺս
Ҷ⡰淴þˣһ¡ƷϹһðǿŻ׶Ȼתݵһ·˳ȥ
ΪҶ֮ǰЩ׵ٶȱӵ˼죬һͻȻתҶҲֹ˵һͬɮľ㣬еСĶǡ
ϡ
С˱õ˵ſڴס˼˵Ľ֮ơ
С𣬶ͷһ˶ͰۿɼٶѸٹ
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Сùĸ۵˵ôҰϡ˭˭˭õӰң
ƹеʳǱͻıʾסſСһ˥ǽһʱȻЦ
СǱܵʱײ˰ɣ
ϬС簡

ƼʳͿЦСòУֲܵĿˣͷΣǾ
ͻȻСһĨӰƺվ
ƼͻȻСǰոջЦλʳͣʱʯһȻЦ˲ϵı飬˵Ĺ죬Се˵ĿⲻټԼϣԼ
ͬһʱ䣬һɶ񺮴ӱϮС䲻˸
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ߡۡ
Ŀһ߼׵ĹͷӳŰӣǿ׳ļԻκһ˶ԱȻˡ
ҶĿ͵һа֡
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˥˰ĿھƼһɨĿҶһɨٿȻһ£ȴҶٿȻ񺮣·һ䡢ʪͷһ㣬һ㼦Ƥ
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·˵Ļһ㣬С¶ȣԾضһ¡
ƹġѽһæźˣקذѵСļ̌˳ֱӾȥҽݡ
ƹĲҵЩǲõۣȻû͵ţ⣬˲ǣǼˣɱȫֱ·ٸû취طھôҡ
λүãõʲôƹûõģֻԼէŵǰʻ
顪
һ죬һʮصӱ棬ǿǺӲľƵӣһ֣ҶͿƤֱ
¶һֵȴǸݸݵĽͣһͷɫٴߴٵʲôϣʣµλ۵Сҽҩѡ㣬Ȼҽҩһˡ
ǣλүԺ򣬷ϣϡ
ƹĸȥǿӣһĸϽ˿֮˲˵ĶںæĻ𹤣ƹɫ࣬õĹ̨棬˵ʲôҲǰˡ
ҶҶƣĸϵɱأһ﷢ЩθŻĸоÿ˼Ӧеʵ˵ĸоȴҪ


056 ͭǮ
Ƽ˶ͽ֣Ļٸٴȥ
̻̼䣬ƼеʳͶҴϯߡҶҲһӣϯ׼صԼķ䡣
˭֪еʱ㲻ȥ鷳鷳ȴ㡭
վס
һȣ֮ǰһ߷ɵСĹͷ񺺣кСʿ
룬͸©һ˿ݾܾζ
ҶҲҾܾλ⿴Ʊ֪ɱϵˣһ仰ԸпѪɣ˳ӣһ˵Լʲô˼
æһЦݵҶҴǰ״λʩǻС
һǸͷ񺺸Եۻ룬ۺֽŴ׳֮ȧǴֺᣬͭ壬׹⣬һ֪ǿ׺֮
㡪ʵǵʿɻô
ɶ

ԣòǡ
Ҷһλ񺺣Ӻϵźת飬Ϲơ
ʲôɱɱ飿
𻰡
ҶһæԣԶԣûСĻϴͿżջڷԡ
ͷһʱϲһЦ˵ããСʿ⼸ҵΡ
䣬ԱݽһͣԳʱûʱô
ɱŷͷ񺺵˲㣬ֻұȻʹһ࣬һҽĹ⣬ݽ͵ϣ̧־һȭ
ݸߵݽͷӦ죬˲佫ĳ沿סˣʱס˹ͷ͵һ
䡪
ۻԺ䵽һ𣬺ȻѣھƼһȵĿ硣
ҶֻöһǺ˱㱻˽ʱ÷˳ȥ
һȭƴݽ˶һȭ˳ȥƨµȻѣһ·ײΰʣ壬ݽ;Ǻˣһȭľһ֮ٿȻֱ壬Ц⡣
Ҿ˵Ǹ㻹šͬġȭҪߣһȭǽӲסģ㣬ֻƾǿԵУΪ˵սҶӮˡ
ͷ񺺰Ȼվս˵ðʮˡһм㣬ȻƣҪϣҲ̫Բһˡͷ񺺿ʼƤµļţʮ㡣
ȵľǽ졭
ݽͻ߼䳤ҽ̤ǰ˵ὣȴؽǰŽں󣬰ڳһǰնĶʱ䣬Ƽ轵ɭɱȫ
Ҷ´󺧣æضһԣ벻ò˵Ľ;һ˲ﵽƣһǻǼһ
ͷ˫һص˵ҵô͸սԭˡնԪֲšΪнܶȡҵλôЦͷһЦӲͳһƴĺɫƣһϣ˵ҪӮңеλø㣬Ҳһͬøˡ
ݽ㣬Ҫ𻰡
һԵ˥Ͳסȵ֡
һԴƶĤҶֻöϡˡһԴ죬ʧϡ
һӣƼ̶ʧ
ôҪĶǿóôǱѲʹ֪£ٲܾƤ֮࣬Ҳѡ˥ֽƶ˹ͷ񺺡
ͷŭĿԲһ֮ʱһֱԱ߼ȻĹŮ͵ץס˹ͷ񺺵߲࣬ķɫ˲˰ɫԴΪģѸ
ͷ״¶ı飬æĵʮÿס֣ŸɡŸ£Ҳˡ
ľȻĹŮչۿɼ֮ɫȴŮ֮ʱͷ񺺵ָֻ߲ǰɫֻƤͰͣࡣ
ͷ¶ҵı飬Ÿǰ͵ʮһã¿־쳣СŮ˿ֻǴһЩ˭뵽Ȼһֹ湦ڤǽӴڹˣ嶼ԼٶȻմȾˡڤļⶼֳһʬĻɫʮһüʱջܴ󣬵֪ͷ֮˻ˣڵ綾һ㣬ͣظʴ˵壬ֱ
뼰Źʱķţͷ񺺱󷢺벻ò绨СѾͷôȥŹ
ڨڨĹͷ񺺺ݽˣ·ʲôûзһ㣬Ĭ
ƼҴһ˶ûˣⷬ׶ıȶǸ˻ҴƹģҲ˳ŷ죬˺ֻԷԱ˾ͺãʱﻹӣ˵
ҶͷǺǹͷҲԼæȥ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ͷǰĵԴǰߡաһһʮصҶƹȥĶתͷһƼˮĹͷ񺺣׹ƵضԼ
ԼһǷǵҪ˰
Ҷ̾һվһЦ˹ȥ˳ֽϴŵöͭǮʵ֪λʩЩʲô


057 Ƽҷ
Ͼš
˥ҶһȻ˵·Ҫɱ˻鷳
ףɱˣ
ô
һɲõԤҶͷ
ͷһЦ֪ˡҾһ㡭
ԭͷиë˼ţÿճбز֮⣬ģһҪһ㣬ֻÿ֮һὫ֮ԼȲַ֮ɱչͷ˵Щ֪Լ˵ˣҲпԼֶ֪ǱԼ԰ԼͷΪ˷ֹ˶Լ½ͷ֮ģġ
ҶͻͻͻЩβڲſ˵Լ֪鷳ֱ˵á
⡶ʮԽǮΡҶ⣬ҲϹյ㿪ˡ֮ϵͳԶ̻ԼģǰҲͻԼ2ܵ㣬ֻպ켣ɬ֮ʱżǮԺȣ벻ȴ޹Щ¶ˡ
ԷǸͣ˵òãݡ
ƺǹͷҲǱ˵ۣҶԱߵϣھƼ徲ĺܣеΡ
ͷһ˷ܣҶһѽͭǮͷУ˵ĬȻϡ
ͷʩΪҶ𣬰ںͭǮͷһĬȻƬ̣ʵ֪ʩʲô
Ҷ´ģˮԣɣ²˳֮ࡣֻǲ֪ҵʵ˵˵Щأ
г̡˴γŰ£Ƿ˳ͷ¶ϸı飬Щ쳣ء
벻һ˻šҶ±ģ߶Ȼηˣұ˵һЩ֮ٶֵ˼ӣǺ˵˵񲻻ҵͷ
붨Ҷһڵģ˵λʩС²źá
ͷһʵΪ£
Ҷһ̾Ϸݣȴ֪һСŪüı飬ôġǷᡭ
λʩѪְ֮
ͷ񺺶Ȼɫɱʢ
Ҷ˵ãôƢôŹ֡
⣬ԣԴ˵˿ͷķǳлͷٷǲɡ˵⼸µͼ֮гɹ֮ǼУʵ䷴г̣Ȱڴ˿֮вɳУԽҲһҪ£Σգˣɥ
䡪
һǰľΪƬȴǹͷһȭӴãȭ֮ԳսĺۼͷһִŻ𾢵似
Ҷһ㱻ų˵ô˵ͷ
ͷĿһЦлСʦѡ
Ͼš
ҡ
յһĵĲʣͷ񺺶ݺݵضҶԴһۣڵת߿
ϳԵģߡ
Լ̫ҡ˳ŴѾΧ۹ָָ㡣Ӧ֮ǰӳȥʳ˵˴֮ͽ֡
˥һ£ȥľ
δȥһӣһȺ˴˽ͷȴǶһĸùٲ
ģһˣµǼʱ˾ĸԭϼسϳŵıϳⷢõĹٲȻֳɼ飬ЩִڵıڳĴѰҴŽǵɷ
ȻϼĲ죬Ͷɵ˳ĴѲ飬Ϊ˭ⷸ˰ɷǣΪڳԶˡڵĻ鲻ΪԷһӣҲвһ³ڵ̣һ⣬ֻҪ̵ϰ嶮õʣӡ
ָ֤ˣҲŻŻˣûЩӻȴ뵽λǷ̶
ͷٿȻվһؿΧסԼۡ
죬һ֪߽ģǹͷ񺺣׼֮ͽˣϱǴʲô鷳
һ쿴ЩͷصǡһŵָŹͷ񺺼˵Ǽʿϳ̶ӱ٣ǵ˶ҪѲ飬ǼҲǴŽĳǣһˣӲˣٷߡ
Ȼ˥һεץץͷ˵ùɡ
ƽŹˣļɷߴٹٲģһʱ֮㶼Ȼŭ׷׺
֪
һȺTMD
˵ˣǣץ̿򡭡
ǴͷĲ˪ǰץ˥еӣȵTMDҪٲҡ
һĨէ֣һȭͷǰٿȻ󡭡
ء
·һϣλûĹүԴϡãʺѪҺͰɫԽĵǣҲһ
ŭ˲䶨Щٲϣźɫ˵
ǸͷŤŤӣ죬ޱ˷ܵ˵Ǿ䡮㡯Ǽ˵ġ
ɱɱ
ȽкģǴӺ̽ͷֵƹģǹͷȻѵһȭȻŲԴŲûԴȻֻдӲѪȪһû˲ҵľƹĵʱŵô
ɱ¾ʼһǸͷ񺺺ݽͳۣܵһ·űԴӱ˼ңԱһתܣ̿бӰδ㱻Ĺͷס˫ţһϾһ֣ҽֻ˰۱㱻˺룬ĸƢɫ໩һһء
ͷ񺺹Цɷ˫ָŰʬ壬ȺһĳȺУ۵ʱͱŵôʪ˿ӣͷʬһӣʱҷعǡ֮࣬࣬Ѫ磬ʱ
ƹȫǰһĻɵˣ̱ڵϣֻ֪ǲͣغš
˰ɱ
࣡
һƷƹİԿǡ
С֡˥ջصӵ֣·һ΢һ㣬һĲˡ
ĿһתۿһԵҶ
ҶһãˡС๦߶㹦͵صȥһԵĴ
ݡ
һӭϮҶڿУٶѾˡ


058 Ķ
˫಻ʮ׾룬һּֿ֣졣
ǵⶸȻǰҶһҧǰں˫Ƶӣӭ⡭
˥һתͷ϶ɡ
һСͼ˫ֵסҵİǲ֪
ҶϮ֮ﱻһһЮҵƴ߶ˡתơĴϹۣȴʹˡתơеġƷ
ϹȻӴ
顪
һ죬Ҷ˱һɴתƣ¡һײĴҽĲ̯
ǹ棬·Ǳصһ㣬ʱķı䣬Хȥ
˥б϶СʿͷǰĲо֣ⷢȥͻȻеڱ
֮»ͷʱӶϺХȻʱٶֱӻ˹ͷ񺺵ĺס
ˡ
ͷԴȻһᣬһģѪܿƵ˳
ǻͨ˱Ȼɥһȴֻǿ׳ĶһᣬķʵھˡľȻ̧ףʹеʪģջһʺѪҺԼģǱ˵ġ
ͷ񺺵ȻǴһٿȻͷ˫ĿһƬͨѪɫ

ȻᱻԼ˰㣬ͷ񺺶ʱŭ
˥дδйյ飬һ۾ð˾⣬ֻһָ⣬Ȩش
ͷ˳˥еָľȻ⣬ȴÿ֮ǰԼǸСʿԾԱߵķһ㲻ټ
˿ȾԼѪ֣ͷ񺺲ɵûոҶԼĸ룬˿֮вɳУԽһҪ£Σգˣɥ
û뵽ôӦˡ
ʿ˵Ѫ֮ô
ȥɱͷȻɻǸСʿôὫĹתƵԼϣԷ飬֣ϣԼҲֻͷѪ³һ뵽һԼʿ㣬зŭ쳣ɵɱ
ûʱˡ˥ǿ׷ɱҶ뷨˵µ̫ٲ߾ͻᱻõ˲סϴȲˡ
ݽͽгһٲԴʣ˵⼸ٲ߲ǿԪĸֿ»ڳ⡭ʱ䲻࣬ߡ
ͷŭ쳣һŽһ۵Դȱתȥλϲ˵ͷˡ
Ҳ˵˾ƼңչűŴۡ
֮ǰΧ۵ڣ߿ʼɱ˵ʱ򣬱ŵɢˡ
Ҷֵ׷ͣһЩƵķ֮ڡԺвҰݺҶ˴мķǴ䣬޼Ҿ߰裬һ˷˵լԺ
ĴԾݣҶǽ£ڴһĸɱ֮أۼѪȵĳ棬ֱҶ£·ǳǳ֮ǰħŮһսʱԱģⴿѪ뱩ҶһЩθ
ֲµ棬ȴһʹϮϸһ£һƬϡ
ϸһֹδϣֻǽЩˣЩףǲ󰭡Ҷɵһ⡾תơãȴǾԼһ
뼰ԳɽԼգΪǵ͵ÿκһ֣ǸԼĵȼʵȻӵüȡֵ˵Լжֻ˵˶ѡ
ܳã
Լ˼ȥô
϶С
ٲһξͻᶪԼ
ԼϮɱŲ·֮£ȴ඼˾ƼҵУйˡ
ǼҲᵽţʲôŤ൱ֻԼʵڱ㿪ŋ翸󡱣޲Լѧɵ˵ġڤ񹦡㹦ֱϵɼħ̵İ׳մ֣¾Խˡ
óȼѧʱҶ˷쳣㼶УѰڤ񹦡ǰķ뵽ǳȼѧУҲûŹӰڤ񹦡ʮͼǱѧǰͼҲӦǱΪ켶Ĺˣѧͬһ㣬ǽѧˡڽбںελãʵѲ²⡣
ԶĹŴլ̬ʱֻѧˡ̫ξ͡ͼѧѨ洢Ѩķš
ǵá˲ԭ˵ߵӵȫ˶졢üɮҶϺкס𡢴ްȪȸֵĲһֵ˱ۡۡࡢ򡢱ζֵһС֮֮ǿѿ˵񣬲޶
ֻǻ·ķԶ䡰ۺµһĻڤ񹦡֮һߡ
ֻԼѧһ·ķҲ԰˶޻֮Ҷа̾ѡ
áڤ񹦡ȵһ׺켶ѧźá̾һҶʱƺңɼ뷨
ڤ񹦡밡


059 һǹ
ޡڤ񹦡ԼСС๦Ȼֻк켶ԭп˵ŹǸڤ񹦡µĹ֮
Ҷ뾳תС๦ѾϰձδʱúСС๦
ʱķ֮ʱãھȫͨʮ͡С๦ġʮ칬еʮѨλǿеһغ
ĬˡС๦һ죬ҶȻõȻǡȫķʮ࣬ɻ֮࣬ϸ̽һŷ֣һԭǡʮ칬ĺô
ԭѰ˴Եʮ澭תһȦҲͻһֵˡС๦Ҷʱڴʮ칬Ҳ൱ʮϢӵתһȦ֮Ҳ͵һҶϢǴʮתһȦ֮Ȼʮ֣ʣպʮ칬ȫͨȻѰʮۡС๦תٶȱǿڳһˣЧǷ
ܴ˿ˡޱС๦Ȼʮ㣬֮С
С๦һϲ嵭ܵõڤ񹦡ź
ҶʱȻûˡݡԪĲ䣬ȴһӦиĴ±һֵϳУ쳣
ҶתѸ٣öδȫĵҩĴ߶£Ҳ˷ֽ⣬ҶڹһͻƵˡڶľ磬ͣһͻƵˡ족ľ硭
ҲҶĵҹ̫͡Ԫдãſͻƾ磬˱ˣھδȵ£óȻٴͻƣǳ¡ΨҶд˺Ͻ
ͬһʱ䣬ʦ̫ҶµġޱҲøӾӨ͸࣬ӳһƬӯϣÿһޱһ˸ǳ뻷壬šޱֹ⡾ޱȻô㵽ˡǳĵزʦ̫ԼµѪ٣պ˽⿪ޱʱ򣬱ܻøӴΪ
Ҷĸҵ㿪ŋ翸󡱸ϵͳеġһܣ֮ǰġȫķˡС๦Դ˿𣬡ȫķҶʹ˵һߡ
Уӵе֡һܿһ񼼣ֻҪѡӦѧͨһ֮Լ߻ǳԷ˯ԼڵԻȻȲר־Ŀ٣ʱ޿̲ļܣΪ׼ġ
Ҷʱǰػµϣʱһü֮С

ϼ⣬˥СŮͷ񺺺ݽδ߹ٵֻмۡ
ոڱŴһѪɱΧԼʮۺű˸һɶѪŶȾ˺ɫ
չͷ񺺷һٽµǧͭŴһ˴ѡ
ʱһۣϼسʮľ룬ɫѺڣڵһƬڰ
һŭ𣬹ͷͻȻվס
Ҳͣ¶ɻضŹͷ񺺡
ֻǶ񺺵ͷ߬ȭ˫Ŀ죬ǿҵķŭۡ
Ͼţʲôݽ͸ͷ˵ûкʱץʱ·֮ʱƫƫ⺻ַ֪ʲô졣
ͷ񺺴ͷĬȻ
Ͼţ˥̾˿ߴٵ
Ҫȥͷᶨɡ
ʲôݽ;쳣Щճŭʵ֪سжΣôڻȥɣ
ҲܡһҪȥһҪɱǸʿû֮󻹻ŵģûСͷɫݾܾ
ȥɡ˥еͷͬ⡣
ͷһ̧ͷ۶˷ܵɫ
ǡݽ͸Ҫԣȴ˥лִϣŹͷ˵Ϫɿڵһʱ򡪡
ͷ񺺻Хһݽ¶һЦݣתϼسǱȥ
Źͷ˲Զݽʹֲɫʵ磬ΪʲôǵʿĻǰʲô֮ݣٵηս
ġ˥бδй࣬˵Ҳȥ
ΪʲôݽʹʱЩǲԼˣô˵Ļô͸
˥һ˸̾һ͵ʵҿϾŲϾš
ݽٿȻɫ䣬һֱɫľȻĹŮӣҲһ˿ʡ
ʲʲô㿪ʲôЦ
ûЦҺ桭˵һʵĹ°ɡǰϾȻſšһʵֻһٵ˸ʵϾţʵȴǵС¡ȴ
ȻϾżõ츳ȴΪСһ޳ɡСʱӦ̭һԱΪĽСʶܣͬһ㡣ĽΪˡħԻ󷨡湦Ϊһµ˸ֲϾŵ־ϵȱݣţǿ׳ģû˵дߣڸסϾԭķÿսܷǰη
ħԻ󷨡ϾֻһŹһ꣬˸иȱݣֻڸסһԭʶȫȡϾһԼһǳСǳϾšֻҪû˵ϾţֻҪϾŲһɣϾͲַ϶һϾţϾžͻԡԼǿ׳ġû˵ԼһɣǸ˸ͻұԣΪ˷ֹĽϾŵǱʶһǾǡһҪɱԼˡ
ϾŵжڡħԻ󷨡趨֮Ǳʶеģûܸıһ㡣ӲϾ뿪Ͼŵķͻѷ죬ϾŻ᲻ͣػԼԼգͨħԻ󷨡ΪϾ˸ͻԭǸųϾžͻ֡һ־ᶨԸųϾţ˵ûκôġ
ԣϾҪȥɱˣҲ෴ҪȥҵʱȣҶҪһˡ
ǣϾǰļ䱻Ĩô벻ǰԼ
ĨڸǡЩξķʽŻᾭجΣŻôţôϲ
˳ĬС
˥濴˿죬˵ʱ磬ǸϿ·ɡ
ͷֿһ۹ͷȥķв֪Ϊһ˿̫ĸо
˼ȥϼУĸ֣ҲƽԺܽͷƽǸԪðͷĸֶѣȻϾŸһϾƾǿ׳̶ȣ걬ƽõϾŲǡоȴǻ֮ȥ
֮վò޷ҡҡͷ·


060 ù

Ҷ
䣿
±ʮ塭
᣿
ϼ򡭡
ְҵ
ʿ
ϼسʲôĿģ
·
顪
һӵһЩŤŭȵҽƱ磿˿̸ֽܵͬı˵ڴ˾ۻкͼıôź򡭡
ҶĨȥԷһĭӣǿŶԷһζεؿЦλٲ磬ץҲץ˶ﰡ˭ǰǶһ絽ǹͷ񺺷ҪҸԸЩ׶֮ͽϻ
ǰλһȴװȻɫĲ죬Ҷͷ̾Ҫùˮ
ԭҶòӵ֮ȷûΣգŻصƼҪ߰࣬ȴõĹٲ£˵˵ͬı
ɵҲ򵥣֮ǰ˿ĸͽ˵ԼǵʱƼΨһˣôͣʵʵ˵ûţ֮ǰƼҵʳ͵֤Ҷĸ˲һģȴֽͲǰǷʶǷڴ˻ϡ
ҶٿĪ磬һʱ֮䵹Ҳû⡣
ĲбƳҶһۣɫȻ˵һԸԱߵ۵ѺѰ󡭡
ϡﻩһס
۵
źϣ㣬
ҶЩɵɵؿǰһУһзĶ̫TMDѸˣûԼ롣
֮ǰѶԼǸ겶죬֮ǰһȡҶĻᡣ
Сú룬㣬ǸᣬϿйԺҪǻƲͷˣٲҪÿ˵û㣬ǻƲͷ̵ģͭƤҲסʱйҲˣƲͷ̵ķˣûһġģз˶ϧȰ㻹˰ɡ
λٲ磬ƹ۵ĵʿҪҸдţ㵽һ¡
ߣʶôǲ߳ŭҶϻ
ݺݵصҶһۣЦߺߣСӣҳѿûãƲͷԺͻʱ㻹ǷӲ
ֵȥҶץƴ磬ƹ۵ĵʿԩ
ҶⱯ˴໴һʱѣͷ磬鷳Ҿƺ«£ڡ
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˵֮ˣϣǰػԴǣȴĲ㣬Ū仰ײġ
ηһƬֻйвż֧ѣηȫˡҶ˵ģô˵Ļһ˰ζ
װ˼TMD˲ˬ
ʲôնﵱɡ
ԣףһ
˵ô
Ѻ죬ӳյķΧһģӰӺڰ˳Ϊߴ˶18Ĵ·۷磬ƷǷҶһĲɵһһ󺺡
ȶԷòһڻ֮ʱָоʱ180ȵĴת䣬һ˵ϡ
һűү鲻ףһ顢һ飬һֻۻ׵г˷϶˪ƶӬ䲻ȥΪʲô̫ƽˣһȸһȵͣһһ£Ƕඡὡ˶ȫȡ
ΨֻۻģҶ¶һʹϧɫֻһҵʣôҲѸȻ˵Ǵϵ
Сֵᣬڤ粻飿
ǣ˭㣿ҶЩͿˣҲʶλүôλүأ
һȭ˵̩Ǹʯڴ塭̬ôҼôͰ˭֪ʯڴ塱İ
Ҷеͷۣ治˷Ѹ飬ҲеڵôˣΪʱ˿̣ҶҲһʹһٵĳ嶯
磬ûû˯ᡭ
ǸԳ̩ļҶԼæԼһֹôˣѵҵƲԣҵ̨ʲԣܰ¼ô˵İ
˰죬Ҳ벻ͨԼдԲٶ룬ǰһʧΪҪ̩ЩæηҶιСʿᣬɲѧãĪ򲶿˾ʵ棬ҲüȡͻСպ͸Ĺˣպڽ壬󡭡
λ̩ĥ߶ʮӣҶܲס͵
˵˰ɣɮ㣿Ҷֻöֱ죬˵߶߶߶߶ûꣿز˹ʲô°˵ˣʲôʱ˵ﷸˣǲҵģ˵ͽͬıʲô취Ͻ˯ɣ컹Ҫء˵ˣƾʲô˵ҰҪǿñŰôأȼٰ
ҶԼΪڴˣ̩һ죬˵߽ΪȡұסھƼңʱ·ӹ¿㽫͸ӣȴµʣŤٸ
ҶһƲ죬λͰϣɵõ
ҲдС˵һĶһЩʲô˵дĹ£Ǳ¼֮һλһǸС֪꣬ӵ壬üڭҲ⸱С
̩ҲǸ˵ӵʱ򣬱ֿ¿ຢͯǰһ㣬˵Ƿ˾ƼҵʣǺ죬ʵΪԼΪ֡


061 ʵ
Ϊ˾ΪǷ˷ⱻģ˭룬黹ûô򵥡
̩˵ɫȴһ䣬ŭ˵ãھƼҲҪֲʣǸŲ죬ȴҪҰѼҴ飬ҵ𡭡ִܸ䣬߳ŭҪҺÿңңҡ
ô
һʱޣŲʹһ١
Ҷһʱ֣˵ȻģΪǸ֮ˣԭλҲǸ
߽ΪȡŲΪˣҾպҳҪϸ졭
ϵˡİɣ
ĻҪ֣Ų콫ҹ֮ǽ˼ͷÿսҶӹӲʣͱǴˡ
Ȼ֪д뷨ΪβȷԼ뿪취ҪӲûи̨ɽЩ˾ˣҲǰ˶ֱ֪ͨҸӰˡ
̩һʱ󼱣ŲӺȵɷ¶أǡ˵˵Ҳûü֪ͨˡ
̩ߵӣҶɵкЦôô棿˸òǶɵ˰ɣģȴһĻ˵ò˳ҲǸ˰
Լʶһ֣һ£Լ۵ģ㱻Ҳ䡭λһƢԼļ֣Ҳһǿʤӡ
뵽£Ҷض̩Ҳһ׽֮飬룬ʵ˵ŲǺģ
̩һ㶣̶Ųò˵һ¡
Ҷ͵һЦȻ˵ˣŲȻܵ˳ͷ
ף˻áô˵
ҶһۣλûӲ̬ʵΣһֱȻһ˵λŲ죬ڽ죬ǰһȭ顭һˡ
Ҷ֮£һƬ̱㽫ľϡ
ηһĬ
̩ϲ֮飬ֻ˵
Ҷһ׷ʵôܵͷϻ⣿
д֮ͽ
ף
׺֮ˣ
Ǻǣ֪ǱӦаϵ˰ɡ㲻֪һվ˵ĸоϵɷܿüаšҾͲôһ㣬û
̩ɻʵ治һģ
ȻˣҪȻҲˣؾƼȥʲô
̩سҶᶨ˵ţ㡪
ף
ҶŬòٲǵΣũ򣬱̹ȻԼ
ĪģҶЩССж

ͻȻƺ˺ܶˣһӿηС
ץӷٴȥһ
һЩϵ𣬺ظڶĽŲ
Ųٽжʮɫɫˡ
һòãƲ룬ŶƷͷѮ󺺣Ҷһۣüͷһ壬ʵӷ
Ҷ࣬˵λٴ磬ᣬ·ģͽͬƹ۵ĵʿԵƹȥһ¡
ţϴɫ¶ݺݵǸĲ죬ôӷӲû̷ô
ȥʲôλϼصĲͷôҲ̬ȣ⻹ûˣ
Ҷʱˡ
MDҸСү̣Сү͸úñȻȻ
ҶаTMDƱۣȻװûãү͸Ӳġ
ҶŭֻҪ˵һţСү͸һԹ
ۼ˻ƲͷķԸЦǰֿ
ҶۣȴŴ򿪵һɲǡ
ƲͷһƵȴǴŲڲͷϡһѮߣøһ㣬ɫ˵ʮ㡣
λСֵ˵ƹ۵ӣ൹ǸƹЩ֪ɷһʡ
Ʋͷüͷһ壬ЩϲԷԼľϣƺ˵֮˵Ϊţ˵ȻԺڣĳӡʰɡ
䵭ΪǿôǸˣҲЦǺǵسҶ
ҶߵҲ˺档ƹλͷ˭
λΪԺһЦҶʵСȻ˵Լƹ۵ӣ֪ɷңǰ֮գۿкҪ֮·
ǰÿƹۼ֮աǰǰںɽħţЩҶѡǰҶǡ
ͷ
Ҷ˵͵ؾǰ֮ǺҲæ˷ܵ˵һλƽԺʦħţ塢ͻƽԺǰἰ龰ĪǴƽԺԺǰɣƹҶǰ
߹ЦźӣЦֹƵƵͷ˵úúãȻ˵ĹŵӣҼģ뼰˵СͽˡһȻһ˲š
Ҷһϲ벻ͷЩ顣
æ˳ϣһף˵ǰʦǰ书׿ŵȳ书ƷһһĿģҵüʵң֡
ҶƨģԼĵЩŻ֮Уȴţϣλûʦ˵ǰϽԼ̳ȥɣԼֻⴲſһᣬǻ顭TMD˴ĵط
ֶ԰ꡭתŻƲͷ΢һ֣Ц˵Ʋͷһᣬ뿴ڱϣλСֵܰɣ


062 ս
ƲͷһࡢһסԼһ˶ȴ˸к̨·ڱ˵ƣڵԼһǶ⡣
ǰʮˣȫǴϼسĸ֣ΪıǶԸڳдɱĸͽ֤ݱ׼ġϽĳԱץס˶ڵعٸ˵ش
㣬˷Գ棬ƽԺԺΪıܲЩͷһ
ΪϼصĲͷļư顣û뵽ȴԭ⣬ΪǰһҸ˶ףɽ᰸Ūôʵ澡ʧ
ԽԽĲ죬ֱһ͡
˶Ҳϸ˺ˣպ󴫳ȥͷɴûٴţʲôҿŷˣ
ĲؿҶ˳
ҶæŻƲͷƽʩлλ۾ְأŹκɷʵǹٳСʵý
һ仰˵꣬ɫÿ࣬һСʿǻˡΪЦСܿˣĳæСԩ
ҶǺֱ֣ͬ˾ߣͻȻһĶͷѽһ
ƲͷɻʵСϵк·գ
ѽƴˣ˵ˣŹѺԱУһҵѣҲΪűѺ֪ƴܷи㣬⡭
ӱҶЩ棬ûеԼѿʱܾ˵Сֵܲö˵ˣˡ
·㰡
̩ΪȻ࣬ǺΪʦĵزϲڴܾ裬Ȼ
һ׵̩˳ҶĿž⣬ҲлҲԡҶһͻͻֲᵱָҵ˽ɣ
ã̩ԸȻֱҲظֻһϲӣҲû׸ԡ
Ҷɵһͬ˴Ҵ뿪ĵط̩ͬںಽ
ҶԼһֽһƺ«ڻ˽Լż类ҶϣЩæûз֡
һ뿪ΣͥԺ֮С
ϡ
ҶһֻƬ̵ĹҶô̵ʶⱲҲԸˡ
̤ͥԺһݵĸоͻȻӿͷ
İ
Ǻ˵ԼӦʲôֻкܲһʤѹֹŵƽ
ָоͻħţʱй飬ȫΪڼΣ֮УԼ˵ľΣźš
Ȼ쵽ˬģбˡ
ͥԺӲͷͻȻüͷһ壬ʵպ˵ֵôû
֮ǰ˰Ĳæǰ˵ˣˣղŽʱ򣬻ĸڴ˵ֵʱȥéްɡ
ƨӲȻŭһ˦˹ȥĸһʺô
Ҷһ֮ڡ
Ҷԥسͬʱȵ⣬䱸
һʱٿޣӯ
ҶóȻʾ֮£Ȼֻ˰γɻؽ䱸š
ȴһر飬ЩŭؿСʿһСһһէģƾʲôѾõĸ֣
ء
ǰ߳ôſϼظ֣ȻڣϰڿȻΪ촷ۣѪĭ˺һͷһ
䡪
볨ĴӦ飬һ׳˶֮˽ײӦԲȺСȺֻҶüԾ㿪˶ͻĹˣͻȻϮ֮ͻɽײ֮䣬ַ׷׵ǶϽۣѪʱ
˾һ˲֣ԼξȻδ˿С
˿УҶڵһ۵ʱ򣬱㿴֪˵ݣǿΰĺ͹ĴԴǸͷ񺺣Ǻˣ
벻ȻȥѰ
Ҷ֪ͷ񺺷ϼس֮󣬵һʱȥǸƼң׽һۣ֪Ҷ䣬Ǹùۣһ·ֱôζ
ۣһʱ˹ͷ񺺵Ķ֣ʬѲ֪׵˺δ
ͷ񺺿磬Ȼܣڶĸֱɱ˽
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ţ
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ҶѾʼ˵Ĳ˸ɲȻףһ𾪵ŭɱĹͷ񺺣һʱƽ
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ͷͷһЦȺеҶȵСʿȡˡ
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ҶҲˣиӿޱȻĸо
ԼֻǼһ棬䲻˥еһ͵Ϯһ£ôͿΣգǰ
ҶȻ֪±ŵƣҶ룬ֻҪЩֲסˣԼɽӶݡʱȻԷָյԼԼĶӿɾ̫ʦŶˡԼṦһ㣬ȸ׷ܶ˼ʱ
οԷȻʦϵĴУӵպҲٲٴζϣΪպգڶ࣬ɱˣҲ̽һ¡Ͻʵ
ңҶʼи֣ǾǣһҪͷأЩǲӱܵģӭѶϣͻԼ
ϴͶȡɣɾʱЩ³֮ø
ҵЧӦС
뵽Ҷִһƣɽ۵һɨգ־ᶨ
ֽبǰһʱˡ


063 ⼤ս
ǹͷ񺺴һ֮˫ŵŵأȻٳ˹
Ѵӻоѣʱ񺺳չ
йĸ֣컯ԪֻҪ컯עУĹγɽһֶΣʹ⣬γһĹص㡣
иֶΪ컯һʱ֮䣬Ÿɫӳ֣빥ͷ񺺡
ͷ񺺹һЦϺðȻһ籬Ҳܹӿٶȳлжļⵯ׵㶼û¡
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ȻͷһּΪǿһ幦ЩӳֵıȻ˲ùͷ񺺷ֺ
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Ҷ˿ڿˡС๦ת죬ʹĳҲü졣ɽһʽйҪ
ͷһ˦ͷȴǶ㿪˴˫Ŀʺһȴ˼򣬽͵һ䣬δܴͷֺ
ͷ񺺺⣬ϣȭ£Ļ⣬ͬǻһҶ
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죬ŹǶϽ۵̧۴ԼĲ챻ͷһһȭعǣʬͬ׷ɵһ㣬ֱͦͦط˳ˣס˺ĸ֡
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ͷֻŻס۾ƾĽȻ壬ڲƣҽһıըС
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Ҷؿ״ħĹͷ񺺣¶ЦԼ
ѵڡϽУǴ˵ﲻɣѵ޵еô
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Ҷľδһûиϡ
ͷ񺺼޿ɱܣȻһ𡪡
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γ֣ŷҳ̶ȸʢ֮ǰǰĸ֣˲ɣֻסֱۣڿ񱩵֮£ΪѪٿȻʧ
ҶһǶһ١ֻ񱩵úʮľ룬Ƥ类չⱩɹʹ̧ͷٿʱôͥԺڳԼȻûһվŵˡ


064 תս
ͷ񺺵ϥڵϣ˫ƵأϺð֮ǰһҲС֣ңϢȡ
ʱҶĻظٶȣȻԼĻҪһߡ
㲡Ҫ
Ҷὣǰ塣
ǺǺǣ벻벻׷ɱСʿȻұƵ˵ز
ϻô࣬ҶѸٹǰ
ͷ͵һ̧ͷ˫ĿгһƬҽһϢٶȱŷȻǿٶȻָС
ҶڰѳֲסٿȻһѸٷˡ
ֶСģħŵġѪ졿󷨡һ˵صæѵ
Σʱ̣ǹͷ񺺾Ȼ˺ħķǿѹƺͲľ޴˲սָ״̬߳ɡȻָ֮ǰΡԪơڶԼǿмھܼذˣһѾٴμʱĳ棬Ȼòһˡ
ЦҶͷ񺺺ϲʱģ޶ȵؼԼĿСɱ¾ĿС
ҶɫһתܡתṦķȴôεǽ⣬Ƿ˽֮С
ǷѵģһٶԶ·
Ҷ˲Եľٶʵȴʯ֮뵽ĶԵ֮ߡ
ܣ
СүΣԲܡ
ˣⱲעʧߵʣǿˣƨĽ
ûƣԼƣԿϮŶԷ
Ҷǿ򶨣ԼСӵ¡
ҶŲ·Ͷأͷ񺺿ȻЦôΡ
ڶ֮ʱݺ磬ʱ㵥һˣ
ʱֻԹķչ˭ûС
ͷ񺺸ղΣӭͷһѱȼĵݣĻǣ˹һʱڵ˹ͷ񺺵ߣֽƿ֮죬˲ڹͷ񺺵ϴ˼񺺷δָѪۡ
ͷ񺺲Ҷϣ̵˼ȴҶڣȻһȭаܸͬʱһƺߣ𴦣ǸСʿֲӰ
ǰСʿ·һ㣬ͣõȼĵݡѡ죬ԼߣֹͬѥκãȻ֮ǰԭĻָҲԽԽǿЩȼյ˸һԼߣκãѵСʿҪȼͬھôЦԼñǡԹЩ𡭡
СʿͣͬķʽɧԼαͷ񺺻ȭУʱǿ֮ĩ˰ɡ
ͷֻʤЦ̬ۡ
ҶԽԽڵ˴޿ˡ
СʿȻһ潣һһѣȻ
ͷ񺺻֮ɫЦСӣ㵹ܰڣҿ㻹δܣҪ˺飬һƬƬ˺飬㳢˼пֶΣ֤㵽˵֮жҸ
һĨЦҶϣҶݵ˵
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ͷĿѣСʿͷ˿
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ͷٿȻͷĿȴߵ϶żѺĸɲݺ͸ֱ죬Աһյ˵͵ƣ͵ĹζʱŴ˹ⶼηΪ׼Ķ
Ҷһߵ˵еĶΪȭʵǴЩװⱾʱĵߣڷһѹһϱûˣĶ벻컹зһ죬ٺ٣㴹ˡ
ͷȻЦȻ˵Ϊʲô˲ĸУѵΪЩңҴû̹СԹ˲ҪûôTMD̳ɵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦлѶµﵱС
䡪
ͱȼ˲Ũ̹˲֮С

벻СʿĿľȻû𣬶̡
ηʪأϵΪ˸˱ůֹóɾĵݼᳱʪͬʪı죬һȼӵŨ̡ܼ̹㡣
Ҷ۵˲Լȡһơ
ͷȻǿԼŨصĺУͬɥʧжҶв½
ͷ񺺱һżҶλãͻһȭȴһӻգ˲ʧȥҶλãҵĻҲڸסҶƶʱ
ͷƾʧ
Ҷ´˾֣ΪıǵԷƣԼĳ
ʱҶܱ۾סȻظӦͷ񺺵λãǴԽ֮󣬾ǿô֮⣬ҶҲ׼֮ʱ·˺һƥſڵˮͰմ˸ʪ˿Χϣ赲˳ϢŨ̡
ͷǿĹҲпĵˣԼƾӦ˺ĹֶΣڴη޶ȵơ
ҶͷèܹȥڹͷϢ֮ʣȻֽʺͷֱʱ̲ŸӦϮ磬ʱһȻвݺݵشһѪۡ
δϾදһȴʱùͷ񺺳һ亹
ͷ񺺲£棬赲ԼߵŨ̺ް취㣬֮󣬹ͷȴҶһëûţͬʱѣ֮£һʱȴĴ㡣
ͷк֮ģҶ֪⡣
͵Ծͬ֩һץסϵĺֽ£ͷͷϣ㼯ȫһԾ£һֱ̹ͷͷٻѨ


065 ͽ
;ͷ죬ͷ񺺸ܵĽϮ壬֪ʱ֮ʣ˲ǰδâʹı졣ұۺ޹˼ɵһӶϣҶֽ͸ֱۣƲͷ

ͷֱۣ߬ҶֽԷļӲļסһʱ侹Ȼ޷ֺ
ͷֱƴһȻĹýƫһԡ
ͬһʱ䣬ͷ񺺡ȭۣⱬҫͬҵĹâȻŨŨ̶ڵס֮ǣͷҶλã͵һ
Ҷھֽ޵ɲǣȻ˳šΪƣָ£Ϊֱָ̹ͷۡ
ۡ
һѪڶ
ըһȭҶʲҶһԷȥδȫУҲҶٴˡ
һĲҽͬʱ𡭡
ҶѸٷһηУͬʱһ˦һֶɣȴǹͷ񺺵顭
ɲǵĽ棬˫չĲǣͷұۣȡʱνҲǴʱΨһֶΣͬʱһҲ㣬ȭǿʱĺ⣬ýߵҶУƴȫظıˣ䲻ݷضһͬʱʩַȡͷ񺺵һĿ
ʯĽ֮УҶʤһɴ˿ɼҶֶεĸ
Сɱ㣬
ͷ۱ϣʹ̣ŭ֮£Լҵغҹηǽֽͬһ㣬ȻôڶԷһ׺ҡҡ׹
ǽںĽĻҳȻѹס˻棬Ũ̵ԴȻڹͷһʱû뵽˵㣬ӣĻҳһڵס˵ߡ
ͷ񺺿ҰֺĿĹȴһֱŻԵҶԳˡ
ͷǿ֮ĩȻҶܻͷĴ
ڣͷ޼ɵĿĵӴͬʱĻҳỤ̃ϢһͣԳϲԾسһͣ١
ᡪ
һֱèڽҶȻԾֱͷʺҪ
֪ˡ
ͷ͵ת֪Ҷλһ㣬һѪܿ䶯Ľ񾭣ݿֱֲҶһȭֽǰһȭƣ
Ҷһһˡ
û뵽ͷС˶Էʵս顣䣬һӰȻԾٿȻס˿ŭӻȭùͷһȭһ
ɱ
һڶȴ֮ǰ˵ص̩û뵽ȻŽȻڴ˹ؼʱͦԼһ֮
ֻһ֮ΪҶȡŤתǬļܷŹ
һתơȻۣϮıһȭͬʱϹϮͷʺ
Ҷصһصͷ񺺵ġȭ˫ͬʱ˸ͷȭ֡תơһƫͬʱһɻľӶԷȭҶת֣£ء
ǹɿ񱩵ľɱתơɹһ죬ͷ񺺺Ǿ飬ͭ˫ŭҶһŵر鸡֡
Ա֮ʩ
ĽҾѧĽ
ҶһĨѪȻ˵
ˣһ˫ȾѪԼѧ֮£ʵӦá
ͷ˫סؿǽϣָָҶи¸죬ȴһ仰Ҳ˵ȻأĲʣ
Ҷ۵һ³һѪ߳ԼȻСתơ⣬аľûзȥӲس
ҶϢ죬Żع
ʱôλʢҶǿŻѵʹקŹͷ񺺵ʬͬ˵ص̩˻𳡡
¡
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⣬ʮϼظ֣һ͵עŴӻгӰ˵
һ꣬Ȼһһɱһ۷ĸ֣һһܹԽսԪ۷ĳ֣⣬š
𺳰ɣˡ
˾Īע£ҶŹͷ񺺵Դذ˸POSEȻֱͦͦصأ˹ȥ

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̫̽ͷһɢ˺ϵҲͬһҹ
ʱȵҲ˥иеů
Ͼһҹδ飬֪ʧŵҲ֯
ֱʱΪϽͷ֮һ˥ȻԸϾǷʲô⡣ȫϼسУûһ㹻ʵսʤϾţôܷԣϾų룬ûгԺ̵ֻΪһϾɱ¾񫣬ʧʱԼΣٵϾţҪΪԼԸ𡪡
ߡ˥лдųԹݺݵػͷһϼسǵķתϽͷȥ

һĨɽبٽ㣬ϻ࡭ɽ´֮£̲羵չУ֮ϣ緫㣬ֱߡ
һɽˮ˵ķס
ʱĻˣĿݣＴ绪ɽˮĻɽˮ¡
˿֮ǰ˵Ͳ۴ȥɵ̾һɫأͷŻ˵ϣΪ½·Ϊõѡô
۽񡱻ɫȻƽЩĳɫ̾Ϣﻹõѡ񡭡ˮ·½·ѱ֮ƣֻأȡʱ䣬ڻݡǼֵʱԽǾѡ
ѵҵȱԴвɣᣬֻżշĹְͼԼδʲôͷ˵Ϊвʡ
԰ꡭӼѽݼ׮ãӼҾͲˣ췴ɣһԵ̫˵
Դһ
δϷͬ⣬˽Ե׮Ͳ»嶼֮󱻶ô
ЦȻѶ
ֵ֮ʣﻹĹ˼ʲôأ
ҡͷԵݣǶһжȻǶġʮ꣬˾ݵİ׮ͱ֤һ˰ɡʮ˵ذ̽һõ鱨ûУһжͱעͼˡǲãֻһȻɱ֮ʱٸͨе͢𡭡ѱǵˡ
ţɫøˡ
ˮĬȻ֪˴ʱѹ֮Կų˼Ƭ̣ͻȻչһЦȻ˵֣£ǻһ˿ҵҲʹ˱ħǣűߡֱӶ֣ҲδֻǡϽħűԵҵȻһοҵȻû˳͢İʻһЩϵʱ򡭡ٺ١
Ȼδ˵ء˶͵һͬʱϵĳ
ӶЦһʱ԰һˡ


066 Ͻ
ΡĽȺռһɽ
ɽҰ⣬ݳǾϳǵĴ
׳ſȻʹֻʮ׸ߵıаʯڴŵ࡭
ɫţϷһ˶ĺң֣̽Ͻ
Уе佫һأ⺷֮ˣʱҲһĻ֮̿ɫսս亹ֱð
顪
һ죬һڿն𣬰һɺס֮ˣѸ͵شܻؽ֮С
˵ĲҽֻƬ̣ž
Уֻһ}˵Ȼոձ֮ˣĳĿ֮ʳ
̨֮ϣһŻƽľ޴󿿱ϣŵİ׻Ƥǰ׻ͷرţһ֧ǣȻǷϵޡǰ׻
׻϶һλ󺺣ֻг˰ߡɫ͸ϣɫŭһ˫ۣüƺޡ
ͷϴһ滢޿Ϲһף̤һ˫Ƥѥһ˿ʨ
һɫļоΪǧ׺磬ǧеİ羫־һ㣬䲻ɱڡ
ʱǴרĶԸһĺţһֻţȣࢲѣǧصĺףڴϣ°㣬δԴ󺺲һ˿һӰ졣Ǻţð죬ѪŪôһͷһ
һ̳ˮƣţ̳࣬Ȼһңء̳ʯĵذҳһСӡ
ߡһͬһ佫ڵأѡ
һȺûõķѹǾȻ˶ҲǺã
ϢŭЩ˳͢˾Աٲ䣬뽫ٿҵȼգҵȶȻС
Ʊ硪
շһƣžһ죬ǻػƫ㱻÷˳ȥڵذϻɾ롣
ƫԴһʱγ֮ʣһֻƫظһСľצ£̤ƫϣһѪϮƫҽлδ㱻һҧȥ˰ӣƫϵĺصףû˿ķãڹ޵צ֮£ֽͬһ㣬˺˿
ϸֻʳ˹ޣȴһֻͺڻëȼյĺһ㣬̵˫Ŀ͸һɯ}˵׺ݣϵˣ翴Լʳһ㣬̰飬ֻǾǰǴ󺺲ŲóȻʳ
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ʸĴ߽ȨִƱȨһС͢
Ĵ󽫾ֱΪ򶫽ƺչ۷ɣϽ򱱽͡㶼ȵ۾ڵй´󳼣ãһ·̫ӵǻ˭֪ʮǰȵۼݱ֮ʣӾõ˷ǸΪ׵İ׵֧֣Ϯɱ̫ӣλɹĴ߽λһʱΡ
չ۷ɣȷѣ͢볯͢ϽפȻʮӥΪӥչ۷ɣȻʮֵưӣӥ˸ڲͣսнʮλΪĸ֣һʱΪ֮͢
򶫽ƺˣȨᡱԺš͢иƺʶʱ񣬶շݵϵеˣڡᡱУƺǸһ
򱱽ͣϽ˱ȨֻԼĸ̣ÿŮʳƣòң
ΨϽ̰ȨͶЧ˾ʵۻʵۡʵۻʵ۳ڶͶЧΪӣչһ͵Ϸ룬һʱ佫䡰ϽӾϵݣΪոݰ˿֮δϵݣҰļ󣬴͢ʮֺܶ͢ԭոʧ俤صĴƶһʮꡣҳһţвж֮Ρ͢һֱԳмӣֱ͢ͻȻӴݵעǵõϢ͢ҪԼ֣һʱѹĻ֮£вʣ˵İ£¹ħţΪ˼
ֻǳû뵽ԼԾֶΣȻԼ֮ļڣô顣
һʱħей¶ԼҪ췴֤ݣԼ췴ԿȻʮĸףһֱֻǵطݣͬ͢ԿȻԵ׼㡣æԿֻܱ˵ҲǳΪûеһʱ䳶췴ǸԼһ˿صԭ
ݵˮ·ͨȫԼ͢˾Լ֮УֻҪ˴ν֪ļ˳ȻʱݲãǴæ¡
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ħѴϢиִ£Լ˻֮սΣסǼ˵ѣʱٳ췴١
ŭ벻Լһƣȴ˵ĽԽԽŭ£һŵŷǰ빣޴Ŀţ֮ϣվⲽͣ
󽫾α˶ŭ
һɳͬѭλв֪ʱһλںɫˣͷֶңݡ
߳ͷҲأ·֪Էһ㣬˵ϹۣȻǵ˵ħ֣ѣٲ֪ǺԽң
ȻЦɳɤٴ𣺡˵ˡҿ󽫾ɣ
㡪
ŭû˿ô˵һɿ񱩵ͳԷǰ߾֮ʱȻʧ·δйһ㡣
۾һɫԳһء
󽫾Ī½ڱתħ֮Ȼȡţɽ͢ѹ
ߵصĿţǰ˺һǰȣһ߳ԣһȻ˵
ֻǱ˲볯͢Կ·ҲǴ󽫾Լѡģιʴʱˣɲأ֪ñ֮ԥ֣֮ڹɡ󽫾һϵĵñ̵˰ɣ


067 ɫ
ɫѿɱ㣬뼰Էˣһ˿棬ŭһתȥֻţСĺڻһԾϣһëһź棬һһʧ
ڽʣǸһµˣһЦĥʯ̶ø޴çͷҲ֪ñá
һ紵ڿһˡ

ţԶԶǰ壬
ѷбš
ٳͣ
þ
һ׻ͥġͯʫҶţεεͨݳǵ·ϡ
˵ʵҶʱϵʵڲʺϸ·ֻŻеżʵڲõ̫ãֻϼسһ죬Ҷʰͣٴ·ˡ
Ҷ˸бСħţıϣ﷭ȥİŪһƴСĺɫơ
аͨںڣζнɳһĹ֡ССһ飬ȴӦǻǳʯ
ǳʯǿļƷϣлǿףһǰƷƷʡʱֵǧ𣬶ôһ鱦ȻֻһʶݵƣƵεӴˡ
Ƶһ渡칬֮ƣ·ݿ̻ؼȴ˵սľһǾ޴ĹŹͼҺ˴СС׭дšرǡּ
ڹͷҵģΨһһԻȡϢĶڴ֮ǰҶ͵͵ذ˳Ҷо˰չ⾰˷Ʋʶغ⡰رǡ⣬
رǡ
ǵáˮ䰴Уһٵ˽Σ񡰵ɷʮǡôһɫֻ¶εСǣҶֶǲס
뼰ͷóʱͬм˵ķӦ˵Ƿԡˮ䰴ΪοݣòҲǡϽɣ˵Ͻͷһĸ֣һٵ֮ô
̫ܰɣʵ֧ˣάڵľ档
ǡϽеֻأǸ˥˵ġѲʹǺˣ
ѵħţ
ⲻ޿ܡ
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Ͻħŷ֧Ʊ㼫пǹͷħеλ֤ͷ۷ΪȴŵԪ۷սǰաɷ˵ħսԪ۷ʵĸ֣а֮ࡣ
ݺ߬ƣ¶ȣҶսȴҵȼ
ԽǿԽ˷ܡ
ͷһսҶҵӢһϳ̵š
ϼôһսϼָأͬʱȷ߱ǡϽͷ֮һλеھš
⻹ֻһλϽͷ죬ʱλͬȼĸ˱ˡ
ϼλ̫ͣҶԻø鱨ȷˡ
Ǹͷ񺺵ԴҶ⼸ϼصĸ˰ˡɱϽͷĿʹ䣬֪صԴϣǳ컯˵ֱþʵ֪֪ĸǷֱ֣ƱҶȻĹͲϣ־Ͷˣصͻ֪شˣеĲս֣ԡλʿһʴ
ҶԴ˵νСʿΪãֻǧӣĶɢˣҹɥļ˼
Щɥĸ֣г͢ĸ࣬ΪΪ˷֮õϽˣֻܿŵط
ҶһٶӮϼֵһͣСʿĻˡ˱ҶıֶкøУѩ̿ľٶӮһƬ֮飬ҲΪƹ۲˼֮
Ҷͨһ̣ҶɱϽͷȥˡʦųܲ˶й¶ƹ۵ͷᱻϽ֪̽պҲٲû䱨ʱύЩѣպԸϽҲͬԻ֡ͬˣڸʦ̫ѹ
һֱʦעصģʵҲɳܣƹ۵ͷλʦֵܷδ̫⡣෴ƹ۵ͷԽɵݣԽкôΪҶˡȫķؼƹиֱӴ˵ͷԷΪӣƹ۵صĸˡ
ҲΪˡȫķһ״У˶ڿɵ뷨øӵġȫڰƾôҲץסԼβˡ
Ҷڱ¶ƹһʦεġ
ֻǲ֪Լ¸ʦŽ͡ɽϵˡսšɽֵˡϽݺڰʦŵĶͷ֪ʦСһݻ᲻ϸơ
öΪ֮󣬻ǾʦšҶʦд˷ţʦͬʱʦŶӷԼϽħŷ֧ͬʱõƻͼżһݻأʦѧʶԨжƵ
дź󣬽ˡԶɽھ֡ϼϵķֺţԽС
°׵֮Ҷֵ̩ǧӣ˵ʲôҲҪ˵˵˵ķãҲǰҶϽֳɣ˲Ϊѵ
ʵҶıؼũڽϹ⵶ͷѪΪ̩Ϊ̫棬书ƽӹĲУȻС㣬ѧһֱǴ·õʲôһʮ·񵶵ʵҲСʱɽʱԼģŪҶǿЦá̩Ѵ󣬾ѶͣٺõѧҲԴɡ
ҶΪҺȰҲ롣û뵽ҶĻû˵ڣλү㼫˷ܵ˵ҪΪɱͷ¸ļ̫ˣⲻǡ¼˵ĳħôֱֱ̫̼ˡ
λүøľƵأأʵڲ˸·֮ݡ̩ɫ󣬲


068 ͷ
Ͻʮʱ䣬Ϊڳ͢Ϲ˺ţп֤ʵħ̱Գ͢в̶ÿͷĿϵò˶þҪˡ
ϼس˴ȷǴһֻϼʿ֮䣬Ļ˶⵽ϽĸԳ֮⣬һʱ䣬ԮϣϱЩϽıͬʱƸֺܣһͬԿϽˣƽԺԺƽΪףͳϽγɶԿϽĺ
ȻЩʱҶѾûжĹϵˡ
Ҷһ·򶫣ͣǸ򣬱Ͷ갲ЪǴˣҲֱҸĽҰҰ£ʡ˯һޡСħţڣǿϢͨҰ޲ǰֺ
㣬յʱ䣬;ơīɽأʱǳ˱ֹ죬ڵڰյʱһСɽϣңңؿݵݳǡϳǡ
ƹ۵ϳǣԭʦֵԤ⣬ʮձû뵽;ۣʱ侹Ȼ㷭һʮʱ䡣
ȻҶɫҴңҲɵ̾ϳǵΰ
ϾǱ߽׸ϳΪȺɽƣǳǸߵգǵӭǽԶߣ¸¹ǽӣŲܲǽϣ¥׳ͷס
ʮʿţ룬ӵһģľ٣żԽǡ֮˾㶼ϼŲ顣ΪһЩ˰֮ڵأһ߹Ѻ
ҶóһĿضǵŲ飬ֻֻۣۡô⾸ϳǻϸ񣬱ٴһ㣿
ǰŶ֮۷׷ףϸ֮·֪ԭϽ˾ڵˣԵ֮ͷĿлá
ŵľټΪĽ֮Ҳ֪˲ǣóһգ޿֮㼫С
ҶҲͣ˼Ǯӣֱǡ
ҶԽɫٿȻһոռ֮ʣԼɨһۻʲôͷĿǻһˣ㻭ʮţѲµҪﶼ˸׵һ˽סݡ
ҶдҡϽ͢ղѵͲ±˹췴ͷô벻ĳ͢ȻϽͬһӣʦѶŰ£Ȼ֡
ʦŴǰѲ֮£͢Ȼ֪סϽһӣƹ۵֮أǼ̱ҷ
⾸ϳΪ͢Ͻ˶Ӱȫ뾹ǽ̶Ѩһ㡣ֻǻ˼ȻѺϽϣΪð˷գ뾸ϳأ
ŴųһСвϵıҶǹѩּҶֵĳء
һţҶǰȻһĳ֮ǵһ˹Ҷʱأһ֮ʱҲɵһϳǵʢ
ıһֱĴʮףϸɳ̾͵·棬۴αȣ·ϳˮ»ñ֮ˣ׷׼üãзɫݵشϣӽװ洦ɼ
ˮͣԼھϳǣǶʦֺʦжൣģҲǰﲻʲôæͽķĪ£罫֮°ãǰȥʦֵҲǺõġ
ҶüĿ㣬಻ףͷСħţʵ磬һ·ϵҲעĿд󵨵ŮָҶڿڽЦģ֦ҲƵס
ҶȻŷϵĶƬûٹۿͻ飬Ǵδй鲻ѣûѵ飬͸ϰ࣬һСʱǶӷŮӡסһ·ˣҪȥĵطһл֮󣬱㳯Ŀĵȥ
Ʋׯ
û⡪
Ҷ˩⣬˲ׯ
ϰ壬򲼡
ϣλСҪʲô
Ϻƽ
С۾һ˵ôϺòϣСĿҸƹȥ
һ˺á
һᣬһ΢ֵ̼֣ʮģЦӭ˳
ҶɨһۣǸ֡
зһ˫С۾΢ЦλСҪƽ
Ϻƽһīĵһ̺һɵž顭
ƹɫһʵߣ
һХɽۡ
ƹĽӿ˵СҪĲϻɫΪϡ٣պ󷽿лģ¶պʱ̵ȡɺã
ƹһ˵ţһֱȻһ֡˶ϰŵָȻһ֣ͷָβָָƹģȴƫƫͷβʳָָָУΪء
ҶԵͷпڡƶԣû
һãҶȡöͭǮö£˸÷öبѹ÷֮ϡƹһͷպá
ҶǣŰ뿪˲ׯʮ·ڣѰ˼Ҿ¥úðֱ֮˶¥ٽռ˸СЩƲˣȹš
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ոҶͭǮƹƣ˫ԼõİšԷָָԼһֵ˼֮󣬱ۣȻָؿڵĻָĻ֮ˣҶͭǮȴǻΨһİţ˼ľ¥㡭
뼰е֮Ҷ˷ܴ̼ĸо
ѲŴ˴ζԸĵֳˡϽȻСϽݼңʱеɶվѡǸ泯͢ƽѣų췴ƹССվӵʸûУѱ͢٣ǲ˵ˣֻǿܷ͢ٿһЩƹܷͦסԷĴ
ƹ̫С֪ӪҲǶԷصĴĿ꣬Ӧһ˿תǡϣǸϼӦԵֶΣƹ۵ӣͱСүպˡ
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Ҷɻ䣬ȴѸٵذһͼҶԭ˱Լȴ֮ˡ
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069 ƵƵ
ҶڴһԭȴǸոռĲׯλƹֻ߶Ȼθ࣬ͬʱ־ࡣ
˻æʾ⣬΢ŵ˵֣ǱְΪְ֮ܳΪ˴׮֮ͳ졭
ϣԷ̧ͷЦĳֱЩСʩ֣Ϊĳһ
Ҷüͷһ˹Ȼڻ֮˽ͷӶأԹ֮ҲΪ˵һЩʲô⴫˽һˡ
Ҷ֣ߣ¹ϵͭǮҡͷԣڵģ˵Ա⻹븽ǰ
벻Լ컹Щô
ԷǰҶæ˵ĪҪҴˣҲŵġ
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Ҷԭλ˵ʩĪģ̫˽֮ؼУǽϣ׻ѳ顭
˵˻ز֮żͬһȡԷ˵˷شδ֮ǰʾˣк棬Ǵ
һͣ٣ּ˵ʩȥӣ
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ҶڽУвɵһɡ
żʩлָԽĳҾͻؼҷʹ˰ݱ𡭡
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Ҫȥ֮ʱͻת˵С뿪˵أϳڼ˾פض˶ң췴棬ء
˵ҴҶȥɫ缫֮ˡ
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δϵԶԶĸտţ̵ͻֳһɱڵľʿԱһΧ˸ʵʵһģĽŵڴǳ⣺˴̼ңͨѹˣ֤ȷ䣬Ͻ׽ãߣ͵ظɱ
ϰæ˳ЦŽŽᣬᰡС϶̼ңӪҡ
һλϰԴ졭
ϽӽѪЦ˵߾͵ظɱ
绢ǵľʿ̣Եˣǵһǹ˿ͣסԲϵģһͱԴһʱ֮䣬޺֮ڶ
Ҷô²ϸƣæšһ·ϣַ˴¼ĵطֹһңլҲٱΧżɱֱ֮ðһƬҡ
һլз֣ɱвһ緭ʮٱͬʱ󺰣ҵ˳͢߸ʿ췴ɣ
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Ҷ´ңֻѪֱԴϴܡڰסˣʱ֣͢˾ϳеǱ̵٣ԱҲʧˡֻǲ֪ոյǸصİ׮ܷӹһ١
Ѫȵɱƽյ񾭣ͬĩսһ㣬ŷ׷׶ܡ
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һ·ߺáɬͳҡҷڷУ漴紵ȥϴȥ
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ֻ˫һεսȻΪѲͻȻ˺Ԯ޹
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Ϊʲô磿׷ʵȴһТɥĹӣ죬·ӺԶطһ㡣
תܵĵ֣еĽɤ˵ڿʼǵĿֻΪ˾ȳߡܺóԼȥͷʹɣǷΪԼĵ֡ѻһ˵ټǼ˳ˮ·׷ϡѺǻѾ·̣ǲӼʱ׷ϣȻݣʱ׷ˡ
û뵽Ȼһ֣δó͢ԮȴѰͬʦֵԮǴк͡˫סΪԪ֣˲Ťת棬˼֡
û뵽ǣǻȻѺ˱ˣһδ˵ĲСɣҪǱʼץס˾֣Լ»׷ˡ
˳һգðɭϺ⣬˵˭ֵܣҶеѣú
һȡòĵٸ˵ǣŵܻû
á˴϶ԷĻŭ˵̫žŵˡ֪֮ʱȹһӦ֪ˣҪʱ̣ӺһˣҪϳ
ٸȻ¶ɫ˲ɵð̾һ˵塢ϰ˺ʮϴˣӭӭϾŰɡϾŻ֮󣬼ǵõһʱ֪ͨǣһʮһӦǵġʮһšͷӥ֡Ҳǵҵ֮飬ʮһĴѰǻʦټѰ֮󣬱ǡ
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Ҷ߹һջһ㣬вݵʿаżϼԼĿףӦȥܣ
һ룬뵽һطȱһܡ
·ܻؼҵĻ˼Уϳǵ·ϣѲ߮ľʿʱҪǻڴϻεһͻᱻɼϸץ
Զɽھ֣ϳǷֺš
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ˣҶͭһߵš
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֨ѽһ̽һСͷԴ
һɻ´ҶۣһøݵСʿ
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ƶƹҶݻ᷽
ϳǱϾݵ׸֮˵λʮҪԷԶɽΪ˳ԶչһʱڳƱ˷ֺʹã׼һ조Զɽھ֡׳֮󣬽ܺҲΪӣԱԼõܷɽϷֺŵܡ
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ԵȡҶסɽ˵Сֶ׼룬ܷ˴ϴ֧
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سУļǵҶ˵ԭӦǻϽ͵飬Ȼı䲻״Ҷ侲
ҶԸԽǽʱ̣Խܳס侲ò˵һ츳
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ҶǰδеľâһʱΪԼ뷨ѡ
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Ͼ龴֮Ȼ֮࣬׼пһȴ䲻شһŭĺУƨ㰡
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һֱԱվҶӸСɱСͣЦе۾һֱ̾졣
˵˲ò࣬òõģԵ˴
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ͭҶԼڵʮ⣬һ·͵еݻʽ򵥣е·ϼΪȥͣȥΪȴͣϸܣܴʵ͸ɶá
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СģҼүǺǣñûԼ·˰ɣ
Ҷ΢ЦͷãΪһ·˼Ҳˡ
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Ҷֱ߱һȣȣʯ·˳ʮһ¹ţȥǺ԰
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΢飬ϡСͬʱʵʩв㣡
񣬽ҪӦǾٰһᣬȨɴ̬֮Ƿģͬʱ֮̽һǵķӦЩѾ˳ɣ˵ļ֮ġ֮ܵìܣպЩС˻Կɴƺ⣬áһ񲻱ͽɣ


076 춾
һɵôϲƴЦáлĳҵһߡ֮ԣ㷢ӢȺ۾ۻᡭ¾ͽлְšʡԪ
һسֻʣ˳лԪˡ
һбڻ֮ϣͷؿһƲֺ
绢ԡһֻ񻢣
״̬ҲֻĸǰŻչ¶
лԪ΢Ц
Ϊ˸ãԸ꣬ɱǰկǿȴǸΰ׳գ䲻ˡ
ʱֱֻǳҪ׽һַʽɡ
ɡ
ΪȵµһͽΪԼĽ飬Ĵ֮һΪ⽮һǿ˺ԽԽԸԼĽҲԽԽӣе㡰񾡣ءζҪǺλ֪ԣٴԼĻ˵ͻᱻҸͷɱɾ
ǻšǸȻ֧֣ͷ࿹ΪıʿлԪԵһʱ飺
Ҫô£̫ŹΪۣʱܵõȵųĴ֧֣һȻɹĵͣ
ҪôͶЧµۣȵسЧµۣɻ𵽱ãڻʵۼΪӣҲȻ
ƫƫԥˣȲ볶췴ѹֲͶЧµۣԼľˣȻƵأһ£Ϊ
һֱȵչ۷ɿּ򶫽ƺּҰ͢ѹ׼ɱʱ򣬲ŵûæЧµۡ
ʱȴѲʱˣ˼ǰѵԼĲϣѡͶϡ˶Ǩֻгһˣ޷ֻͣһƽݵּ⣬Ǿڻʵ۸һλᣬ֤ô
û뵽Σһ̬ȼ͢ԼÿջƵأ˼ȡո֮£һʮ꣬͢ûа취ôȻǡֻڻʵæ飬æȶȨ£ϵóʮꡣ
񣬳볯֮͢Ѷ֮͢ˡ
Լʮʵ޴Ĵ֮һչ۷ɣȷѪʮ꣬ͣ͢ǲִɱչ۷ɶӶӲػʵ죬ˡ񡱣Ϊʮ֮һһᡰӥ֮Ϻ˲֪˲
ԼʮÿտݣΪ˽ܹһĻѡԼʮǰ죬Ϊĸ֡˴ʱв֮䣬ԼҲлӵοԼܵؽ޶ֻڸܣԼǣ޹ң¸⡣
лԪԲǣͿȻһձһտȻΪΪҰģȥħŹᣬԿǸΪ׵İ׵⣬⡭ⲻǷʲôħŹᣬһʱ䲻˶ԿǸ󡱵ʵǵһʱΪɵС
ħ֮֮Ҳ㻹ᣬΪǣ²֪ʡִ£ΪüƣͷҲ֪
ȻذܣлԪȻƷԤ˺·
ֻôԼһ֪֮ԼΪϯıʿĳ֮ףպһͿأʱҲӦΪְذɡ
Ԫԡʱֶߣ㰡
лԪԻæ򵹣˵ڲç΢м㣬ҲЧ
˵ͷʾ˵ԪԣʵһѯԪܾʵҡ
΢֪޲ԣ޲
á͵𣬶лԪԵ۾֣صʵԪǼƣʵʵ˵˴Ҿٴƣмɰճ£
ҪֻҪ׼֣ɻᡭ
ɣ¶֮ɫԼľӪʮֻ꣬ɻô
ʵЩ㣬Ա̫ɢɽʮıפϽ֣Կ壬ЩܳáҪϳǵĳǷɢݸפھϳάֳǷΰ׽⣬ܼӸݾڵأ˼ǷĶү͹үأүɻһҪĳء
׻аҪ񣬲룬ݲá
Ψһĺ󱸾Ȼ̣лԪ΢вܳ׻ӳа붼һ˽ܣһҲ쾳ΪһΪ۷ԪԲ磬¸Сǧˣ㶼ʿþȻǲô治֪ʮæЩʲô
лɫһʵǽ½أħܻɣ±ħ֮˵ȥɣ
˵Цħ̣
TMD֪
лԪԼʶҪһӡ
Ȼ֪ħŵ壬㻹ųʲô
ܣ벻кΰ취
лԪԼӲĻشŭڣܡ
лԪԲһЦڵ˵ԪĪһƣܳ䲻⣬øں֮˳һ
ƾ㣿һƣ
лԪԾԼԶˣֻþˣôͻȻͷȻ˵أ
΢޶ۣ뽫ʾ¡
˷ܣлԪԹȥһץлԪԵĺ󾱣ǰص˵ԣҾô˼֮ܽһټ𡭡ҾϷפȫܵؾϳǡ
лԪԴʧɫɰ߾ط֣߹̾ɥ
Ԫ𼱣˵ꡭϻȻûжŭһԾ˵֪ѪȣͣϽˣѪбɵô˸ԣ֮أֶ̣ͨΪиҷʵһٴʱݣɳݺ;ݣͼı¡
ɰ࣬ı죬һս꣬ƺˣ˾ٻΪˣΪǺް
ˡɫ䣬ŭݣɱ
˵ͬɲ淴ҵ
лԪԵĲӣɱ㣬ɫ粻ջ̾һ˵Ҹãպ飬㡪°ɡ
лԪԴʱǱ𾪵˵ħţʿҪ֣ͣΪ˵ͽô
ǰ򰲽лһ仰Ҳ˵
ѾҵְˣѾûбҪȰˣˣѾˡ
лԪԣɫָȻȻһЦץϵĺ滢޿вͷĻ渡˵лԪԵôأ뱳ң빶͵
лԪһ̽γһ̽лԪԡ
һ⽮һܣǽɳµģ
硪лԪһС£Щ֮ʣϹʲô壬ǿЦǾ治ŷԣĽ飬ʲôԪϣ˵ûԼΣѣܴҪǮҪȨ㹻棬ҿӶܸɵԼҲ죬㹻ȥ
ֳһΰ󺺣òƣ¶ЩϲͬĿ׶ףͭ壬ʨ죬ŷһһף⣬׺쳣
ڳᵽĶܡ׻
벻޴ĽȻԼĸȻ˵ѻ
лԪʮǰġҲǣ˭Լ˾ҪɵԼپľοǰлԪԾȻ޶ͻϼңΪҲ֪Ǵģι£ߺߡҲƣ뿴ʲôҺܸȤ
Ц·ĿʲôЦһ㡣
⣬һЧԼʮԼͣΪѶԷȻټԷǷҳϡһֱ̬Űֺɵ˸أ
ٺôЦʵ
ȫǧˣȫϡǴԶʮǰŵǼׯ԰Ȼ˴ã涼סǵˣܣ֤ûܷ֧
¶΢ЦʵţȻлԪԸҳ˸̽Ⱥ۵⣬ܲƼأ˵ʵ⻹ͦġ̽ȺۣҲ̽һ⼸һὫɳȥٿһ㹻ʢᣬҸЩҵһᣬһɱҵĻᣬһϷһϷҪúùһϷ񫡭Ƕеһգһҷѵ˰ɣ׻ǧҰΧֻҪһҽնɱ
ĩ
ߺߺߣа°ôˣ
վͻתȴ鱨˵ǱͬǵҪμ干ʮ֣쾳ľֱǡ͡͡ľϡĳϡ
͡͡ľϡĸ֣ߺߣ¾ǰѺľϲϼһɣ
ǡ
Ц᲻ֹϢ˵벻벻벻Ƕʮ϶֣쾹ȻˡǺǣźǣⳡϷٵЩǶء
ȻЦֵ񡪡
⼸ʮҳװװùˣҪ˵Ϸ˭ҳݵúá˭뵽һ³çƥΪһ죬Ȼƻʮ꣬¾㱸һ𳢳Ϊ׼ʢɡ
£Ϳ̿壿
ߺߣܳɾͲҵ˭ǰʲô
ӹԽֻҪлµĵӣܳɾͲҵ


077 
Ҷһ۸ʵĳǽε̾һ
Լ򵥣ΪŴĳǽסָ֣ӱܷ˳ȥǰʵȴԼһǳǽжʮףԼġݡǿǵȥǽ¶˻ѡ裬⾸ϳǽյ硣һӶʿһһÿʮףһа˶һеعȥʱȥֱѱȵ졣
ҶתתȥѰСҹʱ䣬Ҳһ֮£ֻݻǵĴơ
ŷܣҶݶڵľϳУüط˰׮¶Σпܱ֡
ȻóǣֻѰһȫĵطϼ죬Ƚŵʱһջлǵġ
׻˵Σյĵطȫĵط
ҶȻȥѰٵĸۡҸ֮ϼӦò⡣
ڳԺ˯붼룬Ҹȫĵط˵
ò룬뽫ԽĸۡԽֳ˵ݺ͵λ
ϳǸֵֺĳС
еĲƽأһСɽġϽСɽ֮ϣһǱǽʣʯھϳеߣԶԶıܿ
Сɽ֮һغˮǾϳġĵΧźߣΧһȦסžϳΪȨ귽Զɽڴ˴ҵϧ±ǮҲûʸأɲ˭Ǯ˭סýĵط
ҶԴˡݡṦӯתϣ̱쳣ٶ֮ǰҲ˲ֹһ
ಣŲʱʱҶƾŸ߳Ṧܿߡ˴İ׮˳Ȩ
˵ȨĶ࣬ôȽȫأ
𰸺ܼ򵥡Ȼǹŵĵط
ʱϳǶһƬɱ֮ûе˼ҴʱȻ͵쳣ǻͬģʱ̣ܴŵլԺȻмеõĻѲ顣
Ҳ룬һ֮󣬽Ծһ߶ſڷ֮ϣĿԶȫһΪֵԺ֮ԾݶͬʱչǸȥ

⣬ʯ·ϡ
һ˫·нţݳĳƥһûɣǷ졣
һΪͨ΢Щݵ˶̫ᣬ̫¾ɣžҹúԶ֨֨¸¼Ҫɢ˵졣
ϳȴ˲֪˲
Ϊ֮ȨƵ֮һ˱ϽµĵһıʿлԪԡ
ʱлԪԣĿ͵УԼҲ֪ôĽôϵӶǳľȡķֲֿ͢
壬Իȡ˵桭ǹŽһˡ
ֻҰģֻ֮⣬ʲôûС
лԪͻȻ֣ԭԼʮľҵҵȻΪʲ塢ҲТ̱ŰϽлԪԴûôڹҲûôŭҲûô
Ҹôźã
ܷǰһУȥǲµôĲΪԼڻں޵ôؿŻ¾޶ô
ڳͷ֮ʱѾĴУ˼뾹Ȼħ˻Ҫӣ˱ؽ֮졣
ƿһڸִڵʿȻЩʿ֪ǵϼǵļ԰ǵأǳǣǱԴѪеǻЧǸأ
ӽһֱУߡ·̣ȴĵڣ̲顭лԪԲɵ·꣬óţʵţжܻصУ
һϵصү˽ֿˣ͵ˡ
лԪԳ̾һĿ

Ҷƹһôǽأಡһ£ܵһֿڡ
ոյǿûϣˣһżȻһҶߵ£ֱӱЩǷ֡
Сһδ֣Ҷһ¸ǽǰԶͣǽǸղſǼȻͷͨĺլ
⸽ķᶼǸǽΧƣľ̨ͤԶǲƴȨ˼ң丮ۡźߣռǷĹѹ賿ʱ֣ǵƻͨںҹǷⴥĿ
Ҷһ˶˹һǽڶȷ˷Բûʲô֮Ҷһݣżһǽ壬ֱǽͷ΢΢̽ͷһȻˣֻиԶĵطһƻͨȾƴֵĻ
ҶҳɣԾǽڣƹǶȻֹ¥ԺһƬֿģĽȺȥ
ҶԾһֿ⣬ͬڻһ㣬ֽŲãݶһͨŵг˵ȵζԭ֣ŵش򿪴ڣ˽ȥ
Ҫ֮ʱҶо׺һΣյĸоڳ˵Ľ
Ҷ͵һŤ˫ڲ֮䣬ٿһתֱۣ䣬ڷɣͬʱһֽȻ֣ŸոԼµĵطһȥȴˡ˽еġֽ
˽졢ءˮ𡢷硢סɽ󡱣Ӱݻ⡰ֽղɱҶõ¾ŽܾƪϳһȣֻҪԼѧĽأֽСʽ
ʱҶһСֽ͹Ѩһ𣬽һΪ̣ȴ˳ɽ˽ţеһʽ˱˲ʹ仯
֮һףŽһҶĸоһ̱㱻⣬Ȼ͵غˡ
Էһлգǰٶ֮죬ҶṦ߾һʱ֮侹ǰѲãԷ˫ּҶнֻһ֮䣬ԷʮУҶҲʮལʯ֮У˫Ľ֣ǺȻڿݡ
һƿ죬ҶͻȻһˣ͵ϮһҶλô
һôҶȫԿצ˵Ķ֮ʱҶԷסһʱֲãۿҪһ̵
һƽⷴҶȻǰ׷Լ֮ˣһ𡭡
ϡ
һỽ𡭡
צ֮͵һſٳ֣һ죬һ˴ҶؿڵһһָһϵǻľϲƴѹʵҶϵܣ
˲ǱˣȻǳħŸֺǧ
ϣҡ
һǴ֮̽ˣһϵǰŴͨ΢¹һԭȴǻˡʱ˸ýоΪҶûз֮£˵
벻Ȼħ˺ѲŵˣҶһʱϲӣ֪롭
ǡô


078 ħһ
ȿȡ
һѹŵĿ·ϤϤ𡣺ǧһקסҶ䣬æ˹ȥ
ڰͬصĺ˷Ȼ˴˲١
˽¹һԭǳħ˺Ѳŵˡ
ħ˶ڴ˴ֻʣ½ӦС϶ϻûסֵĸ֣ɫÿƺٵЩˡ
Ѳţֻʣ»ˡغͻˡ˵Ⱦɥ˳˻˻֮⣬ȫˣࡢ٣֪
Ҷϵܡ
һϤỽ
Ҷǡ۽񡱻æǰȥʱͷϢ΢˵β·һص׻ߣȻβ˼ˡ
Ҷæʾ䲻˵ͳһֱЯġŻ¶衱һУͬʱһۻţ̽ˡ
˼ȻҽһʱΪܣҶ㶼һεصҶ֤
ҶƬ̣˵صˣǰصһָٻƫƫӣʱԻһָȻʱҪϵҲ޴󰭡ֵȴһƣʱ޴󰭣һȴһϵϮڵ󵽴ʱˣۺѡҲӲˣӣҲѾȡôˣ׷ʲô飿
Ҫ˵ȴԲͣŵúǧæڱ
һԵĻΪżæӹͷʵҵ֮£Ժ˵ҶϵܡΪи֮£Ƿ񡭡
Ҷ˸ۣ˵Ȼףġ
ĵ˵֪Լ£Сүº
˼żȻǴһŻҲҡʾ⣬ʾˡ
ˣԴ𻰡һ˽ӹͷ˵ǱϽļֺϻһŮ͵ϮһƣһָŮġڤ˵ãʱֻˣ˭徹ȻƲʱ̸ʴϵ˴ʱȻˡ
ҶȻԺͻȻֵھƼϽʱΣһòɢŹϢŮԺж͡Ӧþ
˵ģҲǸˣǡʨߡӦУл˵򵥵˵˵
ԭħ˱Ӧ֮ԸϽˣݻṩ鱨Ͻпܱħŵķ֧ڤ
ƫƫݾڷ˰ٻŮмħ˳ƽɱȴ˵ʱ׷ѲŵʱսѾЩʱˣѲ˲أֻʣǿУħ˼սţ֮ǰŮսԪҲֻǿ˻ˡ
˵˴Ӧв̧ͷķһۣΪǸִҪɱŮˣغšλȻȻڳħȴЩ֪أǳħûǳܣƾԭʵϡϽˣ˵Щ˳Ըȴһбܽһбܽ
Ӧеûָ˼
֮󣬼ݾڶؼգصսأȻѱ벻ݱ߾˼ȥ˻ؾϳǡ
һ˾ܰ׮Ӧ׶أ
ϡҩΪḻᵢˣ
ǳĴӪ׳Ƶºڣ˶Ϊǻ涫أͻȻɱǹƤ£ǰȫ
Ҳǵȴʱܲϳ֮͢ĴƣЩ鷳
ֻûϵû죬˾֣ʵһʱ˳û˶֣صҲΪ֪˴˵ݺ͵λҶһ˼
ֻǼΪҶӦ絽˾ϳǣӦڻط·ˣôȴ˴˳֮أ
Ҷ̾˿ֻý뿪ħ֮Ͻ֮սɵһϽͷĿ£һ顣
ÿ˶УԼͻȻ֣Ҳ˻ɣҶⷬҲ޾ϸֻȥѧ飬ˣҲΧ겻ѣ׷̾
ôһһϽͷĿûɱҶһճСʿɱһλ۷ʵĸ֣Ľǳ
ҶɱһϽͷĿæʵҶϵɱǸˣҵʲôƷûУ
аҶ̴ӻС˳
˻
һ
ֶ˹ȥϸһڲصݸһԵĻһ̾˿˳ֽƵݸˣԼĿ
ϴݲÿƵ˶Ŀ̾ϢѣŪҶһͷˮԡ
ջӦн͸Ҷ
ҶС֪Ƶô
ҶľȻҡҡͷŻƹ۵ʱʦ˼ұʶһء
Ӧ̾һ˵˵ƶɮ˵ơƽСħơһ˿飬ֱǡʮ͡ɷʮħűʶ֮
ҶɫһݣһȻ
⡮ʮ͡ɷʮ㶼ħжĸ֣ΪڡԪϣĶ˵ǡΪսԸԪֶԿǱ츳ˣΪħصĶ󡭡õǡɷơǹ֣Ů֣ǡơܻáơħŸֻӦǡԪ۷ʵԸκһؾϵĸֶ·硭
Ҷ˴һһ˸ؾ񡱸֣ħˣǽǺεӴ
ħֻˣҵȻ̾Ϣֻ⡮ħơֻħͳһ²п֣ܳħžڣ֧ʮţǰɽܱ֮ħħķѣͳ⡮ħơħģֻħٴͳһϾſܴħĴţȡħơַʺϸħŵӡ⡮ħơ֤ħŶٴͳһֽһƽˡ
Ӧһ˵꣬˽ǳ̾Ƿϲѡ
ҶȴǸк棬ʵһħҲƲˣĶɱħħǵʵӦҲ߲ȥɣ
Ҷһʱ˵˻˵֮󣬲Լһͣǰʮˣ㶼Ǳ⡰¡ħŸִ⸱еģʱô˵з֮ӡ
ԶһߣɫݣҲĲȻ
ŪҶͨ죬֧֧ᣬҲǣǸҲǣһʱ֪룬ֻװͿϣ˼Ҵ˲С˹
ӦзЩϲСʿûûΣЦҶСܿЦˡʵҵʵǡħǽ£ֶεҲܻӮΨħŹĹʤһϣҶϵ߿ԿħŹڹռıˡ
ҶڨڨЦЦĲ˼


079 ħ
ʱҶȻȥʲôԼƾŴȡʤġ֮ĻֻĬεĻȥ
ˣԼĹԿħŹòһ¡۽񡱻ô
ֹҶ뵽˵㣬Ӧк⼸Ҳͬʱ뵽㣬㶼һ𣬻࿴һۣ۹зĹʡ
ѵСʿǸһ͸ôζܽȴΣѡ޲֮ʣСʿȻǴ漣
˵ľ
ҶҲΪԼļе棬ΧһڴĿ⣬ҶˬѣĵѵǴ˵еǹ⻷ô
Ϊʲôι⻷֣ԼǰѲ˿Ƶϣ

лԪһصϣ÷
˷ܣǷŭ
ôˣôô˳
үүڡ͡
ͣʲôͣѵ֪ʲôô涼죬ͣ
үƺǶүѡ˵Ҫա
֡
лԪŭ죬ڵر󡱣ɸ߳ȥıԽԽֱԶԶ֮ܿʱճվĬȻ
ŵλ˾㶼ԣҲҴţü˾ôվšƬ֮лԪһ̾Ըˡǻȥ
̧ͷ£һƬ
лԪƽֻһһ檣檱ͣôӣ۰мӣһӻһӰлӻΪ˴ȡأ̣ʵСлӰȻңֹЩḡΪ竣δдӼͷۡ
Ըʺڼ̳мҵƻңԼߣð棬ΪıǸлһϣ
һӲ棬ΪԭҪӶ棬Ǿͻ˻ɣȲѣֻ¶˻ɡ
ֻһӵ˱ò࣬ɥΣգлԪ˵ʹ쳣ԼʱСţһŭ֮󣬻
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δãлԪԶʧ־һ˲·ʮ꣬ǵ鷿

Ҷ˹ʱȶסƣʱɫȻһ峿ˡ
Ԫ񹦡ԴħŶав㣬ʱǼλʦڴ˱ˣǸ߲㼶ġ񹦡һڵ
ǻͬħŹֺ˵ȣҲҶڵħˣҶҲ֪ħŹ칦ʲôڤơѪʬơǧٹ֣һǼΪ񶾵ѧ
ǡ̼ࡱ̫أʲôٻʬȭмһȭӲڲʬ𾢣κ쳣챻ˣ֮Уɢһɽʬĳ
Ҷ˺ôŽڶϨȶơ
ħŵĹô졣
Щаھδ֮ǰ˶Բѣһɨ壬̾ˡֻ˻ЩЩˣЩ˥ظðȬһûƿǡֻøһŻ¶衱ѸٲԪκˡ
ɵؿ˿ġŻ¶衱ǿڿһϲش̷ʵ˹ˡҶһĭϼһʹأTMDû棬Ż¶衱ָ߼ɫûһСү
Ҷϣ۵ȫãҲʱ䣬ӦнŽħŵ
ͷеġڤħŵҲԶƵħ
ħаţϰ֮ҪɭĹУʬӵصɢϰʮ֮㹻⹦˹š
ȵŹ֮˹嶼ɫƤ඼ͬľͷһû֪ȫûзֱ𣬻˵Ǹˡ
书صǶǴ˵֣һӴ壬ת˲֮ɱߵʹֱӱʬħȥͬһ֪ϻͯʱ̴״ֻ̬ҪϰħԸ⣬Բͣʳ˵Լ˥ϵò
Ҷж񺮣ͺѪһΪάᣬȥʳ˵ѪҺֻħаţȻֱʳ˵ħŹȻη塣ҲֲκʿħŵĴڣ봦֮졣ֻħ֪ĵ书֮󣬼ΪԼиҲòʳ˵ˡ
ֻǶħŹ˽ĸ֮ҲӱǿҶħ֮ġ
Ӧ磬֮ǰ㽲ħһħǣǳЩ֮⣬ħŻЩأ
ħŵȷֹһٵħǣǻֻǺֶѡݶǰħŶʢ֮ʱ鱨ڡһٵħǡ֮ϣӦСʮ͡ĸֱ֣쾳͹龳ģӦþǾ˰ɡȻΪħһأ鱨࣬Ҳֻô²⡣ͬҲиƲ⣬Ǿͼпǡʮǡ֮һ㼶ĸ֣ҲһһٵħǡһơħơƷݡ
һٵħǡʮҶǵһ֮ħܣ벻һѹȻôĸ֣ʵ˳ԾǶǰƹһʿܱħɷչǵħֽʲôأ
Ҷ֪Խ࣬ɻԽࡣ
Ӧ磬һ²ħżȻӴΪʲô顮ħơأպˣҲò밡
Ӧ󣬹ЦֱԵϵô򵥣ǧȻħŽħʵûһεġħơٰ֪֮Ϊʲô𣿡
ҶľȻҡͷ
Ӧ̾˿˵һٵˡħơ˵ħųϵɵģʷǱѰǷħµʥ̳ϣͬͬԴһٵ˿šħġÿšħġӦһ顮ħơ໥֮ĪĸӦǧħơ֪ʧ˶ٴΣÿħŶһǡħġĹˡ
ħġȻȫʾħľλã֪ڷȫ⡣˵ֻҪƵĻƽۣħġͶУ˳ŷѰȥһħƵľħġ᲻ͣزû˱ҵǿ顮ħơҶϵܵõħƣǲԴĻᱻħѰ
Ҷһܣ벻Լŵġħơһö׷ҪȲ֪ؼʱ̱˼͵ϮɥĻԻᳬ˳ɡ
ͺ˸ҶʶľҸطˡ


080 ƻ
ҶķӦӦЩЦ̲סȡЦҪϵܵšħơ£õͺˡ
ããáҶЩȻ˵ʲô˼
Ӧһ㶣ŲɵùЦԭҶϵ¶ðϣԲסҶϵܳ뽭ڽϼ˾֪ĵˡ
ҶĿб۵Ӧ棬ŭ˵˼ҿ˵ҿɻᣬô֪Ǹ飿
úúãĪĪӦкЦץץͷƤ˵ǧǰԴȷħŸݱʶ֮󣬰׵֣ƹǸ󳬼ɣ͢͵ĸʾϽħƣмΪʹͣмƷĹɹѡ񣬾˵оȻϼϣǿ϶ҪáǸȼһඡôĶɣ
˭Ķ˭TMDɵӡ
ҶоֱðֱϲѶһסӦе·ӣѹֵɤ׷ʵ˭Ҹĺô˭ҵѧؼࣿҲѧ⿴вУҽʲôдһС
СֵȤѧĸ߼ѧѧȴֻſɹ⿴ʲôã˵һֱûĺǧΪˣһֱϥʱָҶĹŹۡ
ҶϽ˸Ȼ̬ʮȽбݶҲ֪ڿʲôĴСʱ̰ͼѧǱɵľѧ͹ϰһܾˣΨһһԸǡѧ
һ仰˵겻ѣҶĵӵܣׯӵġûٶ˶ΪҶľߣΨ֪ҶĻΪҶ˵ʵ뵱ǡɡε棬ԭݱħŻⱵĵǡɡӲǿһ֮ħţѹϷԽ׳һƾǡɡľѧУῴɵ书ء
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ҶԼС֪ôһİãպЯҪ˸Լʲôѧؼʱ˶ΪǸµգΪǱˡ
ֻҪպ󽭺Уôһţ˵Ҷиѧë֮󣬱֪úëҪĻҲͻأͶ룬ֻΪëˣȻ񣬵֮У͵ĻᣬҲ಻Ҫ鷳
ֻҪʱʺϣԼóôѧ硰Ż¶衱ʧס֮ıˡβѧ
뵽պܹ㿪ƴȡܵ㣬ҶĹӻʡ
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һӣԵƣ¹ǲԶģֻҪܽ͢ǹͣΪ̫ˡԴ˹һ̫ˡ
ҶôãڸԼǸɽӳȥãοܵأ
Ҳ룬ҶͳƣҪӹȥ
ҶϵܣԵȡҡ߸ԸһƼѧҸռѧĴۣչöơ
Ҷæסӳȥֻ֡
ջģǻǽңҲȲҡ̼࡯ڸɣɫ࣬ۿŵֵĹַˣôôϲԣСֵܱģҲ㾡ƼµѧѡһŻƼƷĹ
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Ǳ߻ˣһң˵˭˵Сүˣ㣬ƾƣϡ¥ǰ϶ҸͼҲ͸Ҵ湻˹ڡ¥˯һˣָҶСĸʱкβɣڳȼѧߺߣһҸͲ
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⣬ǡҶȻãȻ
ҶϵǷ˵ӵŹأ
һ˵Ǳ̱տڲһߺ޵ضŻ벻һͷ˿Ҳ̰ġҾȻˡӵųȼȡ˵ֻ˸ãҲһӾõóġ
ҶƺŹδ˽ҡҡͷ
һЦܲϢ˵ⱾʶܶĦڭǾǼ¼ġӵųȼֲᡣ򹦻񽱣ˡ͢ξġ鸮¼ıⱾѧ鸮Ϊϸ޹¥ѧ䲻ֻ޵ʱ泭¼һݳԭԴ˵ΪҪΪ˵õ񹦣ӲǻʮʱĹͣȻ泭¼ˡ
ҶһϲȼƷѧ̱¼ʲô˵ģ뻻
Ҷ򵥵һȴͻȻĺ棬ӽһĶдɵģȫҲûע⡭ʲô˼飿Ǿ澭һƪͷҲǴԽİɣ
ҶģɻؿԼҲεЦ͵ǺǣҶϵܿǿˣǺǣ˵Цҳ¼⡶ʶܶĦڭǾõıǰƪʶͶʶȴ֪ЩûõļҲҳ¼㱻Ц˴


081 ߸
۽񡱻˴һ˻񡣷ִʱΧȫ۾⣬Ҷѧǳ档
ɵһʱзЦʱԼǴͷµͷһΧһȺСƨӱӣ˵Ӧڵĸˣ֪νġʶָۡǡࡢ⣬ʶ
Ȿأ˵ϷӴ½ϼΪϵһ飬֮ŵĳҪԶķҲǼȡһЩ֪ʶġ
˾ԭģһ޹ķɮǰƪ۵Ѫֻǿķţʶ֮ȴС
ꡮ͢ξиڴŹ֮棬ģͨĵĸɮǰ룬ȴʧط֣ƪ֮ĸͲѧҲʶ޹ֻһЩõĵʡ
ݵʱƶϣⱾ鱾ǲб˵ֻʱ¼ھ֮϶ѣʶŲСҲǳȼƷľѧɼ״̬ѧǶôˡ
ա͢ξɷδȨ֮ǰκι⴫Ҷϵܴ˴ιͲСǡħơĹͣоҵȵĹͣټʦŵĹͣ˽ⱾѧСϵˡݵλһȼѧ޲ס˵˾ѧֻǽСϵܵģв⴫Ŷ
Ҷ˷ܵץŻˣͷ˼æصͷӦ۾ﶼСǣºƤ־Ͱѡħơ˻תһԾżᴥΣ˷ͨԣų̫ϸؿ
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ʾ⣬Ƿƽ⣿ƽá30ܵ㡣

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ҶԺ͵һѵʲôܲɣ
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30ܵʧһµľ֣ξչû࡭
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˻һۣ˲ʱϲæл
һЦó˾һʼ۽ļƻбƳһ·ϵҶǳüӣɵðЦһĵ㿴СӷˣƽǴֵģǸһԼ׵ҵˣơ
뼰⼸ƹ۵ĵʿ򽻵ӣԼǰ̾żϻ𡭡治ףǸôЩԸƢȫͬļôģһͷۡԼڴ˿ͷлСΪһ£Ҳĵġ
ǡӵΪѣķѴɼҲڳˣԼõۡĳƺţҪǿ˶书ķϵ˽⣬ھ⣬빦޹ء
Źǲ㣬ЧһõĹǷϰȡᣬԼҪΪ׷һУֻСӵ֮ƶԷ֮ԼҲôȥŹڵʱ䣬񻹴ں۷ľ硣
ȱͬѡȫҶԼ⵹ǻˣʲôۣҪҶ׿˵ĶЩѧֻȤȥѧĻҲװһųȼѧΪҶҪǻκһųȼѧ˵ʱ򣬶пܱԺ̲׷ƫƫѧ۸ߵôͣ۲СԾҶϵĹͲʦŵĹͣҲԻõġ
ͷˣⲻ֪Լȫ˷
ҶļǣȫΪǸƽĽѧ벻ѧ⡣۰Ͱ͵س˰ʱڽˣ̶̵ʱ䣬ҶǶꡣ
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죬졭켶
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ŋ翸󡱱ϾϵͳڴϷֱӵãӼֱӾ͸µϣʡԵû־䡣
Ǹ⣬֪ƽ֮Ҳر⡣
֮һ˳һ棬֣Ȱ˳֣ͷβҪ֣ȵһҳ֣ҳЩλϵ֣һƪʵѧˡ
Ҷ²⣬ܴ½Ǳ飬ûƽɵİ汾ֻƽǰʶĹԵʵʽţ֪Ϊʲôһֱûн⿪鱻͢ξĸ߹ٵõղصˡ͢ξġ鸮Уֱ޹ķɮ룬Ҳǵõǰƪѣȵƪʼƽ⣬ͽȻľ
û뵽׹ȫҶõһǿʶõһκ켶ѧѡᣬҶ˵ֱ漣һ顣
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켶ѧѾǰ϶ˣԼܷһεֺƽٵлȡ棬㿴Լѡˡ
һԵ߸Լ˵Ļᡪ
ӣҪͷˡ
ллʦллңǡ


082 ڤ񹦣һ
ӹѧʲôѧ˲ıһ˵أ
վС׽Ǵ󷨡
ֱ̫ˣκһ񹦾ڼ̵ʱڳΪµĸ֡
񹦾Ҳи֣֮˳ɳģֺŵһڤ񹦡
Ҷһʱ䣬һƬдϵĹУҵ˽ɫġڤ񹦡
ʵڡڤ񹦡֮ϣһź켶ƷġǴ󷨡ɹѡ񣬿ϧŹû취⣬ѧҲǶһʱըʱڷҪôǶһ׽Ҫôޡڤ񹦡·߸ѶȣҲΪֱۣ
Ȼ켶лʲô칦ǬŲơ쳤ؾóϹվ㾭ŮĽȵȸ߼ѧһ֣ǶʱڱҶֶΣϱҶ
οЩѧܶƾڡڤ񹦡ǰڿɱԡ
Ԥϵһڤ񹦡ȻǽѧҸͬҲǽƷĹӲӣҫĿ
ڤ񹦡ʮͼں켶ѧڣжʮͼֱǡʮ͡澭й·ͼ
ֻҶû뵽ڤ񹦡ô๦㶼˺켶ѧҳ༶ѧķΧڱҵ֮ǰΪڤ񹦡һ壬ûбء
ҲˣǳѣһһĹǰڹ༶ѧУ⣻ڤ񹦡ͬʮͼУȡķţûʲô¸ߵֻ֣֮ǸԵй·߻ͬԹͼûгڸͼѧУÿһͼ۶Ǻ켶ѧķ롣
Ҳֻѧʮͼеġ̫ξ͡ͼĴָġѨġѨΪҪ֮Ҫһȡһãɴ˱񣬲޶ɼ书֮
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׼һ֮ʱҶǰһڡڤ񹦡עһ仰ڹҸ֮ڹУԷϰڹ֮ˣ뾡ѧרϰ¹˿Ӳң壬ʱ߿ŻѪϣղ
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ڹ⡰šָ֣ʦңأָġڤ񹦡һŹأ
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Ҷ˼ǰ󡢴󵨼裺ѧϰڤ񹦡Ҫϵ֮ǰ书ֻҪԺ롾ڤ񹦡ͬʱڹķУҲ˵÷ϵС๦
Ϊ侯˵ǡ뾡ѧǡ뾡ѧ˵ϰڹ֮ˣӦרϰ¹Ҳ˵ǰѧڹҲڤ񹦡ûرָȷϵǰڹ´ͷѧ
ңƾҶԡС๦ϤȻ֪С๦֮ʱٶȿ죬У˳棬ٿģҲǡС๦΢Ԩ޼Ѱص㡣
˵·Ϊڤ񹦡С๦гͻƶϵĿԲ
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ǡңɡǡڤ񹦡ҶԼĲ²ġ
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ƣҲпܵġ
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ȣңӡԿ϶ǣѧǳңʦңһϵģ㲻ͬʱҲһ
ΣӡԭУҲͬʱӡڤ񹦡͡С๦žѧġǰߵʦУˮڡȻҲѡڤ񹦡ˮ
ٴΣͬʱӵġڤˮġС๦ɽͯѵġ쳤ؾóϹңɵڹһڣҲûʲôӦûԼԼŪ޹ǡС๦ڵġڤҲû˵ʲô쳣
˵ͬԴңʦңӵžѧڤ񹦡С๦͡쳤ؾóϹмܿġ
һֿܵǣڤ񹦡мǿļԣӵˡڤ񹦡С๦͡쳤ؾóϹЩңɵ书ǿŸɵڹ
ƲȻ֮ǰǾ侯Щ㣣пǾ侯ֻǸáڤ񹦡֮ʱתͻٻתڤ񹦡֮ʱȫתĹ
֮Եóۣٹеֵ֮ʧ˵У䲮ִڸ˶μҵڹķŽĴҴ֮ܵУ߻ħΣ
ˡڤ񹦡֮ԵһڹİҲû߿ŻѪϡοǡ񽣡еһʽĴָ̽Ǹڤ񹦡ķŶŸɵģһ˳һ棬ҲûԼԼŪ
Ҷʱ²⣬ڤ񹦡֮󣬲ǲڹֻǲͬʱѡ
Ҳ˵ҶϵġС๦Կ롾ڤ񹦡档
ӹԭУ©һѣöණԲ˵
ҶԼҲƲ⣬ֻҪ֪ӡжúúõģû˲ͬڹ͹ҵԼͲõġڤ񹦡͡С๦ͻ⡣
ǰ˶յָ·ǣҶȻҲѡ̫ξ͡ͼǱڤ񹦸ӴĴָѨȡڹٴ浽Ѩ˷Ψңڡڤ񹦡֮ʳˮȣһգй⡣ȡȡһ֣һ֣й޾̱ڤ֮޽ɸǧ֮
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ѡ̫ξȡܴ棬кãȻʱѨϾܻع顰Ѩʱֶ̻ҴܵģҲ߻ħ
Ҹעнͣڤ񹦡ֱתΪڤֻѧ˴ķţܽЩѨתΪڤڣͻ֡Ǵ󷨡һ覴ˣҪ֪ǡǴ󷨡Ǹݡڤ񹦡Ĳƪ
ҲΪʲô֮󣬱ڵڹٷԭؼڴˣĿĲǽʡʱ䡣


083 ڤ񹦣
ҪѡˡѨתڤҪѡҲԵȱģʣûԭϣһտҲĹܸʲô
һǣҶͻȻǰһ°룬ҲĽ֮ԼġС๦ϡ
ڤ񹦡ע˵ڤϵ֮ΪСڤˮƣٴ㺣֮ˮݰٴá޽ڻۡ
˵ڤ񹦡ûԼķĻȫȡˡ
Ҷ²⣬ӽӽˮǲģϲˣƫҪˮͨĿĳΪ˼֮⣬ĿܱΪˡС๦֮ǰֹɽͯѣĿܱΪˡ쳤ؾóϹ
ҲΪڶңҲ˵
ӱɽ£˲зϣãʱû취ȥڹҲǿšС๦Żģڤ񹦡תΪڤһСС๦ĲҲڰѱ֮ȴɽͯѿߡС๦̬ذͬߡڤ񹦡͡С๦񹦵ӡ
ңӵͽܣӶԡڤ񹦡˽ߡڤ񹦡ӶҪѡС๦˵ңɹ֮ĳµϵ
ȻйԼǷһӵ·أáС๦ȡȻתɡڤأ
Ҷתһ룬ȴɻ󣺼ȻˡС๦ٽתɡڤʲôأǲ˿ӷƨ֮ӣ
ͷʹͷʹ벻ͨ
˲ˣڤ񹦡ҪĲǺǴ˿׷
ЦȻ֪ڤ񹦡޵УȻѧ˵ˮǸԲŮ˵ΪĪҪƲĺá
ȴתڤҲкôġ
ѧˡͼκεԼڣڡѨбתΪڤΪԼһص㣬Ҷġ
ǼҶڵ˺ԼֺпܱԼǣѨУΪҶϡȻ֪ܲתԵϾһ֮ͬܶһķԼǲôõĻᱻ˺࡭˵ļʴ󽵵ͣ
ܵһġڤ񹦡ҶĿǰ˵󣬵ǡڤ񹦡ѵɣĪպлõķŵġ
뵽˴Ҷ޳ɣһˡڤ񹦡֮ƪ
Ƿһڤ񹦡֮ƪ
һ
200ܵ㣬ĺ켶ѧһһΡ

ҶԺжһͼǡڤ񹦡ġƪǹΪΪҪĹ
ġǰ֮ѨһԼϰڵܻᱻתΪڤ
Ѩλ࣬ȴǱֱһʮּףйС๦Ϊףɿ⣬Сʱ㽫⡰ƪѵľǶѨĸı䡣
ׯӡңԻ֮ڤߣҲ
ڤ񹦡⡰ءѨ֮С
ڤ񹦡棬ҲƵءĴСζܹ봢ٵǿƵĻôҲͲСˮ뽭ӡľˡˮ뽭ӣˮƾ޴󣬻ٵӣҲ˵Էۺ̫࣬ԼܲˣѨϵ˼
ڤ񹦡ʮͼжʮͼȷǡʮ͡澭й·ߣֻǲ֪ʮͼʲôݣӦһŴѨءĹԼӴ󡾱ڤ񹦡
ָǸҶСС๦ڣ䡰ʮ칬бͿѨġ칬ΪءҲѣΪйС๦ѨĿ񡾱ڤ񹦡ĸ죬ͬʱʼҲڤ񹦡˼
Ҷءһɣ֮еȻѨڤ񹦡ת֮䣬ҶѨڵ㱻һգ̶ʱѾǡڤˡ
Ȼı仯ҶؿЩƣܿӦĵ֮ϣԶ롰ءתΪڤ
̣ǳ˰ʱ
ҶԲ׼չ֮ʱˣˣͻȻһн
Ҷ۾ȻһֵĴţץס˱ֽʱӦͻȻֵΣֵǣƺԴ˺š
ŵعȥҲˣ˵һ£ԷøƵʵؽ¡
˻ͷ˻һۣ˵ͷʾ⣬֮˲ֿţֻһݷ죬һӰ㼷˽˴˻ߡ
Ҷһ𣬰ԭлԪԸҲ˾ˣ֮ǰ˾ܴȻصʵδûʵһ
Ҷֺ棬ԾٿһתۣϢԱߵ֮ϡ˵ֻǾһ£ȴ˾֮һû뵽ͻȻֳôһ֣Ṧ˸߾Ȼв磬Ȼľ硣ôһܹﵽĸ߶ȣһṦʮͷеʵ
ָһ˵ûϵԼˡ
ǡһݵѮӣһū࣬Ц⣬вʱ⣬֪һ硢˼ϸ֮ˣӡ
̽ܣҶ֪Էǡ̼ࡱлİ׮ʮ㿪ʼлԪԣĵлԪΣȢлһԶ׵Ůлգ˰˾лҺλллܼұлֱ֮ⷿһ
Ҷɵðľ⳯͢˾ǶôԶȻлԪԼǸտʼ֮ʱ㿪ʼãһ׮һʮ⾰׿ʶԶ˼ϸ֮£˸еһķ
ʮ갡˭뵽һԼʮͻǱļϸܹ뵽˵㣬µ˵ҪľĺǱʮ꣬Ծһܹӵеġ
Ҷóͬһλ̼ࡱİ׮ɵðһࡱ
һ룬Ҳǡ̼ࡱǰ̫óɵó湻湻ġ
λлܼҴʱɫԸأ˵
λˣյõϢұ֮һѦĹʬŷһѻոɾ
ʲôѦĹˣ˭µ֣
һæʵ
¹ٲ֪ñƺǿ˾ͷϡ
ãá˭µ֣ɵƯԳǼһش
̫˷ܵĸƴЦ⣬һҲΪ˿۸ñӶŭ
˾Ǹ쳣ΨҶҶһıߡ


084 ٽ
Ҷ֮һıߣΪһʱǸԼ˵ҶǻɶԷ˾ˣû˼ʳڣû뵽ֹԼԷݺ˾ҲǱҿ۵һñӡ
ص˱ݣʱֱ˷룬ҶΪ
һߣɫҲ粻ͬ˶ҶŭӣǰķӦҪĶࡣһֻĬǰʵϣʲô֮
ѯһ̾Ϣһ˵Լɻ󣺡ûвףҲȷֻһĴɻ⾸ϳе˾ݲܱ¶İ׮⣬ʣʵԶѦĹһͻϮҵ߹ְûǶִ֪ͨɱѦĹҸǵñ˭ĹܹɱѦĹȻ˾ݿɾʹˡκпܣ˵ѦĹѹû᲻ֻǳǲľأѦĹթʵͬʱǷɾ裬ؼʱٸһ
һʱ׷׵ͷʾֿܡ
룬˵ѦĹթⲻǳçܲõģǲлԪľأһ仰ȴתͷʵлܼҡ
лܼһæô¹ȴûд̽ƵϢлԪΪҲЩأӦûвµĹ滮ΪлԪԿҲΪ𾪣õϢʱ·ûþͽ˽
һʱĬȻ鱨㣬ƶࡣ
һ̾ˣˡҷһߣҵҲûʵʲô飬Ⱥúˣ䡭ͣʲôϢ
лܼҡҡͷĿҶɨһЩ˷ܵ˵һ顭Ҫպڽڴϯϳи̼ҡʿμӣģʢȫȨίлԪ֯
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һʱ㶼۷ؿҶ
ǰ˾ھϳǵʧǵ鱨ԻãǴʱһĴ̽ˣɶ˵ǼΪ顣
˼ڣҲҶСʿСϼ˼ܣ书סĿǰ˵ʵ̫ʺΪϸѡˡ
ֻһС˵ĽɫҲҪ̫ļܣҪ̽ʲô鱨ֻлʹϢѣû̫Σա
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˵øñѹңСү㼸仰ܺȳģ
ҵУ޼ô׵ƾʲôң
ҶɲǸܼĶ󣬲ЩϣĵĿ⣬»û취ֱƵҲܰ׽Ӳǡ
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һ죬͵ˣ֮⣬ǰѳֲסؿһƣһѪڶһݣӲ˻ȥͷɢӭ裬ѼεضŶ֣Ȼһˡ
ٿ֣һùɫһƬҰףת˲֮ٴλָ
쵰ԼΪϽ϶һٵħǡλʮһġǡȻʿ򲻹ԼһԸħҲڶԷǰκãֻһ㣬
ǰʿ¾ϴˣҲ׶Ը
ħ֮ΪɵҪԭħŹĲɿԣħƱԷƽ⣬ԼȻһʱδйľ⡣
ǰ֮ˣһɫۣͦɣ磬΢⣬òѼˡ
ԭԻи֮ɵ˺ͷԶɽѺڳҡʯʦֵڰбͬѺڳǸװǡϽߣһٵħǡ֮һؿǡһԵڵĵزΪǿᣬҪרſħŹƹˣֻƾŻ˵ʵףҲԽУҪǻ׽ȴ롣
Ѻжֻ˷Զɽһˣ֪桰ǡҲϣҲΪƲȷˡϽħŷ֧ڤ顣ʱ㰵нħ˳֧Ԯжֻһƻ¹شΪ˱ܣδκˣغͻˡ
Ǵƹ۵˰ǣȻϳħһټħû뵽ƹ˱ħȴʦܵİȫĳһѺڻΣգܾ˻Ҫûŭƫ޿κΡ
롰ϽսȫΪϽδ˿вأɱǶʦڿзһͷͷӥͷС桰ϽһжɴȷʦܵڳѾй¶٣Ͻ˶ϡҶԷ̬ţҪһټ
ʦֵһԷһȡȻڵһ֮ʱɱԷһֲɵڤ֡һƱؾȡƽ˫֮ࡣ
Ͻˣȴһͷ˽
ҲһֱǼڼġϽղѡ
ԭϽԴϪɿڸᣬͳħ˶֮塢ϰˡʮˣϴ£ӦϾţ˼·ȳߡҲǼƻ꣬ȷȫֻû뵽֮󣬸˵ʮһϢ˵ϾϼسǱɱϼسǷܣʱ޷ֻȥץɱϾŵ֣ȥ˾ϳǡ
õϢϴ֪ϾɥϢŭøǽҪϾűϴڹؼʱȾߣǹȥϳץ֣ȻѪϴϼسǵһ˷κμƻֱɱѺߵڶӡ
û뵽㲻㣬Щƹ۵ĳʿȻϮϣԼһֲֻһ棬ˣ㱻ˣɱʮ˲֪
ϴŭ֣ȫ׷ɱǸɱĵʿʱһɱѲ֪׷δȥˡ


085 С
Ǹһ׵ĳʿһĻЦƲСӣﻹ˸ƺ«˿ɢǴδһ֣֮˲óˡ浹ùԼΪֵĹûʹ㱻͵ϮһףĹҵ
ͬһʱ䣬ʮҲһò㣬һʵʿһɨɣѪֹ
Լһԭˣһ汻ʱϴ׷˶ȥֻʣĸ
Էֵĸˣһϴ׷ɱ֪ȥ򣬳ֻʣˡ
ĶȥơԼһĵ֮󣬲ŷ֣ûô򵥡
Ϊñû뵽Ƕǿ˷ָĵز˵Ǳ͵ϮɥǸ˫һһҲܹȡʤ
ԼһصħŹûЧ뵱ȻģΧλֵܣҲһֲ˺á
һɨӣֹȻˡ
úʮֶԸһòҺͱ뺷׵ʿõĹͲԹƣԶԷķ񹥻ֻܿžṦԶԶܿʮֵӲԷۻѹƣڤЧԷˣҪǣƣʮҲά־档ʱԶһֻǿӦȻݣ˿öԷûа취
Ǹʮ˶ˣԼ׿ԽṦԶ빥Է˫´£ѷѽ⣬ֵܵУֻĹ򲻻ᱻԷƣΪ˫ûнӴʼձ㹻ľ룬ֻ֣ǣƶѣ˿вԷ
ϽʮͷĿ㶼ħˣǡһٵħǡеħͳһħʮ֧֮һġڤŲǧ˵ħݵĵλʺħŷչӡһٵħǡ֮ʮ˲ϽУԭħǣʮ˵ϲ֯
ħ˽ѵʮܹĸ飬롰ϽĴ󵱼ҡǡȺżĹϵ
ֻǽڼҵڴѣ治֪һɱĻмˡ
ĪأǼµĽ죬һ˿֮⡣
ŶǸһĳ᳤ʱһɲ֮࿹뷨սʱɢӰ٣ʱҪܡ
û˵ڴħ˽ıԿʼ¶
ڴʱԶͻȻһ
һӥһӰ˹˾㶼һԣһȴԭһֻͷӥ׷ףһ˺۴һֱ£㱻һж˳򣬻©˶ǳ
ǡϽʮһĳͷӥ
ͻȻһĻóƴļʱ뿪վԽ䱸Է͵Ϯ
ϴ󡪡һĵľ
ȴǡϽķִӥĲֹʮһһˣһԡѪϴͶõߡ
ϴȻ߾˳
һʱϲ
һߵȴüͷһ壬һ
һ죬ҵ˺ɣӷԶɽ
ҵһεɫԴʦֲɫӲͷƤ͵Բסʦ֡û뵽ԷֵôӲʣͻȻ͵ϮԷȻǸˡãʦ˶Էһֱۡ
ߡƺ˪ȵ˶Ըһˣ˾ͬ飬˰Ҳ˲áƽɢˣµͷֵȴáһȥҪʦӡ
Ϊ˷˵䣬һ仰ʦܣŷԶɽҲһˣŪ÷Զɽһڨڨ֪Ǻá
һߣȴǴһԭЩħ˼һۣǸı޲ѡ
ߣħҲԣ
˼˿ħˡ
ʦֵܰ̾һʦ֣Դκ˶ܿݣΨħˣ֮ͬģԷֵҲᣬװǻƶѣħˣֻһ˼Ǿɱ
˫ԱԵ룬ƹһҡɡʯϷԶɽһȫ
ϽһϺ󵽵ʮһͱȻصߣһˣɥʧսϴϱۣơʮˡʣµֻ϶ġʮһʮ˻Щս
Ͻ˳˴иĿܡ
Ҫ𡪡޵ŭҪǰ壬ȴʧȥһ۵ĵһѳסǿ˵ʬ壬ʮˡ
˵꣬ӻͳöɫ裬͵˫м䣬Ȼһ֮ɫȳϢһһɢ
ӵóöɫ֮ʱһʹвãҪʱַ
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һɫ䣬׷˱ܿ
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ֻŰȱ޴󣬲˲䱬ֻҪ˷ԼرܿޡĸǷΧһħڰͷŵĶవûɡֱ֮ɱİʹáʱóȴУ˵ħ棬Ҳ
˴ԱƹޡķΧʱϽӰ١
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Ҷһ˷ܵر飬ͭ´Լһͷ
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ûԼһˣл͵ղպǱױʦˡ
һּۻۣͬպ뷨롰鸮һΡ༶ѧⷭʱʱȻպٴμ롭
Ҳ㲻Ȼò߼ѧĽԵõڶĵͼѧɻԼڶļܵ㣬ΪԺһ߼ѧ»
ҵԶֶСʤҽЩסô
Ҷæش𣺡סˣҵһģŴţСʱȹҲһݣ㽫Ѱһҡ
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086 л
ͨлͼ򵥶ݵ죬ҶɵöϸһΣҵʶ
ڵԼ⣬һ֪ԭԼĵǶһ١
Լݣڸвúˡ
ԭлͣΪպܹлﰲȴɣ˳׼лʱʱʱһϼʲôʲôˣڸЩʲô
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Сʤݾˡʮǰ̵СʤŴţ󣬵ûõֱʮǰ̵һСʤ˵ŴţĶ֮ࡣȻõˡ
ҶʱСʤĲ˵븮мԺõģǰлྵʱƺ
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ȻлΪ˱Լ鷳ϻհ׵ģȷ˵̵ֻ˸ֺʹŵԸó©
򵥵ϤһԼݣͣذʾԼСʤСʤ
лһʱ䲻磬ҶҲǵòˣ˵߰ɣʱˣȥһ¶ˡ
ȻֻлԪӦ֮ʱֻҪǽ˶Ҫͨͬ⡣
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ﵹҲˣѾǰȥ棬Լ˻ټTMDȼѾ
ƫƫҶܴһ˿һĲ֮£ֻҿ
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תţǰͻһһӰһ´˹Լײһ˶ǰһ
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үҶ޵˼ˡսŵ˰ӴˣְҵĿǰ

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Ҷһл͸˼ҹˣԼҲæ¹һϻ̳Ͽֵ˵үˡСĲأûŶүˣү䣬ֻүĪҪ߰
ȥȥȥһȥǶүлӰֽԼѾ߸Ͽ˳˹Ҷ˵λֵܣλֵܡ˭߰
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⼸ϳڶ֮ԾϦջֲ̿λүûһϯкһﾸϳǵӵڡ
λлүϲɣ˸ţһֱԸ֮ͯģӷ
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лүĹҪʦģû뵽ƽԼ趼ͬ⣬û취λлү̸ıԲߣҶߣĸࡣ
СʤҶ˰ͯȰˡ
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ͯ˵ֵֻ±лӰѡУſں˵ʵֵ֮һء
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Ҷ֪ر죬ܹʱӪҵģûô򵥡
ȥһ߼Ʒ꣬лӰΪƯУִҶֱӱˡԺ
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ֻӵķˣ֪ǵһļԺ
лӰͲ󣬿ĳˣһò˵°ͣЦôˣ̣Ҵǰ첻ôôҵˣҵˣһ˵ţһһǣһ˼һԵСʿ´TMDֲùŴЩɧǶϲҤӣȿŷƬˡ
ǽ̵ӣ˿лӰһۣЦϣл⻰ūҵˣūǮۿˣǹӲţһȴ㸶κεĻʣ㿴ɺã
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ȻСԺ˳ͷȻòԼˡ
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֪һ󺰣Ժеʿȫе
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ֻҶʱҪԸĿɲһˣһԼһСתơԼԼɵǸƵӡҶʱʹȭʵʵһȭֱҶλá
Ϊ֮ǰԹҶĴǰСͯСӹޱȣʼնûԷô֣㽫Լȭ˻ڳ֣С֣ʮֵֻ߷֣δþȫ
Ҷˣ֪˶Էδȫɫ֣һȴĴ⣬սôҲ֪˭˭ӮҼһѻ𣬳ս⡣
Ҷϲɵ¶һĨЦݣƵдвף߷ֵȭջ֡
ҶӶҲ㣬ǰ壬ָδǰѨֺֻ΢һζӵһȭ˻ظǸϢ·ӼҶķӦӭ˵ȭͷģ⵽廹޴ԷǿĺһȭȥҲЩˡȻĵɲ˵ʲôҲջˡ
ƴˡһҧɵȭ䣬Ҷظ˹ȥ
ͬһʱ䣬һߵİɱ㣬ҲĹ´ֵȻǸСͯȣͬ赲϶һָ۵Լԡ£·ѾоԼһŶȻǸֵعǺ࡭

Ҷܣֱӵһȭӭ˹ȥ˶ԣлӰ˸Ǿ̿ҶѪྡ³
ҶʱڿУŷ֮£˵ȵĶٿȻ˼ԼƾŶԷһȭԼλãظ֮ľѨ˸š
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˲²ǸСͯѪɵβδ֣ǻƵֿ־֮ɫֵһȭȻСͯϣȻСͯһŵŷɣͬʱһҲ־֮ɫСͯһָ㵽Ѩ۵һѪڵϣ鴤ͣȻš
ǵصˣŵı飬¶ħһĿ־ɫζҶڵϵѣ飬Ƕá
ԭոһȭҶظ֮䣬ִûеĸоǸеԷظ͵һգָڼ̵ʱڣΣԼȭɢ˶ദͬʱԼȭͷСͯһɲǣ⼱ٱкʹӰ٣ȭͷֱҲɵһ飬嶼ûԷøסȭͷӲóȥűԷһųС˳ȥ֮ʱ鲻ȻһʱûվͬʱСһţҲԼ˼صˣ϶Ѫˣȴû÷ֺ
ҶðնĲȻһУ˵Ĵ֣ǽ˻ˡ
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091 
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ҶȻΣʱ̣áڤ񹦡ƪƵУظ֮ȻѪڡԼüǻƵڹ֮ʱջ˼ȭԼжɹԼҲⲻЩˡ
ڤ񹦡ȻԼˡ񹦡ã֪ڤ񹦡ңǰ᲻̣ԼǸӹѧۡ
ЩʣȫȭԼпܻˣǶһЩԼһָʹȥˡԺ򲻵ѣǧʹáڤ񹦡ˡ
ЦǣȻԼðһԣԷһȭȷԼ˺Щʱ˵ѨУֻǼתɵġڤһʱ֮䣬ԼľȻƺľߵ
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ҶǽʩһĸһػȰƽǰ鷳²źá
Сʤ磬СʤֱǴʤҾ֪书߾ᶨǾ˰Ҫҹ򣬽ҹ򡭡
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үүȷ֣֡
ҶӲߣѰϵлӰŪתͷһʣǸ缸һ߶ǵڵϵ֮˺һȭߡ
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á
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лӰ˷ܵͨ죬¹Ϊһʱ緢
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ҶһХʾͬʱ͵᷿ȥԵԼȴǹܲˡ
䡪
ٺһĴǽɢѡ
һǿľ᷿ܵﶼһͬ෴ķ׷ɡ
ĸɢС׵壬ͬվһԵļҹӣ㶼ǿľ˦᷿
վϹԵлӰһʱ䱻Ҷס˳źɵľһԾ䵽԰еĹ֮ϣȻǱȴˡ
ʱǼҹӺĸСˣһͬ£ΧȺڣһƬ
ҶһۿǼҹֻˣڵĸɢСˣȴѾǲˡ
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ҶһûͷҲ֮ǰΪԼкõǸӵĽ͡
ǰ绢ӵоһ˵ľϲδСأ벻ȻʶҡǺˣ䲻֪ҵ֡
Ҷüͷһ壬ÿһˡ

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092 Ӧ
ݱҰ֮ˣʶֱȴǼȶԼֶڵȻľʦдСڣ¼᲻أôһΪһء
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ոŮɱɧңֻһЩ׵ںͲ书ĻƣʱԺģڵͷѪĽͣˣ˭ҲԸͷڹ꣬һصǣüۣһû¡ûҲӣһʿﻥȥġ
Ǵӹһ񣬼˵»ɽĪҰ룬ľʦĪҪǲźá
һ塣
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ͷһˡɽ͡ĪҰ֮⣬һλҷµ˹ĪҰ룬һԿľϲ龪˵ơ
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򵥵ѱѣ˱ǵ˲ôͷԼͷľٶպԼǸòñԷʵҶЩ
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ˣ֮ɫҶ·һһ㡣
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һһҶȻν֣ݵĽ磬˸һķִɫƤֱһý
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Ҷ֣˵ٿȻ÷
ҶִŽʣֱһֲָ죬ݵֲԶظҾ̨һȫʬɡ
ֲһİɴʢ˷·ʶǰСͯһ㣬ЦС˼ͳⲻ֪Ĵүүǰ
Ҷ˿ΪƮһ˿Ц⣬бһգ̨һ٣ֱһâȡؿҪжһǳɣ㡣
Ϥ˵Ҷȫ֣顣


093 Ž˵
ֲ칾Цֹݰһء
һɾ磬һƬһŽƺӰȫһ֮ڣݺᣬȫɵĴ򷨡
ӭ汬ȻѹסҶҶ۾һ˲ʧȥ˹Ŀ꣬ҶĽвæʹṦݡתۣٿȻˡ
Ҷ뵽Էȴûֲ쾹Ȼ˵ȵز
ҶδϵֵΧ֮ҲһƬ֮δ뵽ͣǻʵʣ̨֮쫷ƣ¥֮ϣҲǿӭ棬۾
֪ʱҶٵѹ֮
СͯСΪƾһе֣˻пܻȡʤʱǸлСͯԷ綼Ʋ̸ȡʤأ
ֲЦݰͻ裬Ŀӯ԰
Ҷ֮󣬳ֽͦɽ˫Ŀ
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Ա߹սĪҰˣ䵣ΪԾһˣСӡ
һߵľϲҲٿȻһһ֮ǰ̬ȣ¶˹עɫֻ̬糣˿ɼıʤ֡
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ֲֻǰӰһֱʧͬʱϮ壬ۣ´֮£ٿղתݰб࡭

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벻¾Ž˾ԼһֱӦУ˴ţһĶ֣øǿԼԵо顣
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094 аɱ
ΧȺֻۣСͯΧͣתгһһ̻ͣжǶԷòȵҪȴƫƫûһʵ·ڲͣϷŪԷΧ˷׷׽кãﻹ֮ǰĽգһʱ˺͵ĻƣҪҪ⣬Ժֻǳе˺Ϸһıݣһʱǹغг
һѪܣĹ֮£ĴҲ֮ǰĺ
ҶתޱҪȥҷޡλ̤ȥ׼ֲ࣬ʹɱУһԷࡣ
˭֪ͻȻһϣһģδ׼ȷ̤롰ޡλ̤ˡеıҲδܲԷǴֲļһһѪ
á
ؼʱ̣ҶȻþȥδ
ڴʱֲҲǿ֮ĩԳƽ
ҶæˣתС๦Ϣ
ܹսȺۻΪС̬ͯݣϷŪʿһʱкòͣ
Ҷ״̬ȴڳи֣ĪҰ³ͨųһ亹Ƕľϲ飬ҲǴһ̾Ϣѡ
Ҷһаҡ
ԼȻǡ¾ŽʹõӦ֣ԼΪ̫ͣȣû취־ӦУս֮ʱ۲ҪͣԼһʱ飬Ȼһգڱʤ֮ʱֳذ֮պ󵱵ءء
ҶиеԼΪܹͬʱʶģҶԺͬʮԵľ貨΢
貨΢ǱܵбṦڹܵϮͬʱԻʵʩ
貨΢պգӶƾ˹ʹԼΪ˵дĲӬңɵĶṦ׾˰ʮΪʹ߰ض˳̤λнӵһһһȦ˲쳣ϰ߿ڶ˵Ľɽ¡׵ġŋָءڵõڤ񹦡͡貨΢ڡ貨΢Уע͵ŹҪּڡǿУԴ˱ȡ
ԼȻߡڤ񹦡С貨΢ȻڶԵ֮ʱͣͻܡڤϡ¾ŽֱͿ޼ϵɱС
Ȱȫɿֲõĵ⣬ǽˣǹǷģɱһɳΪζһǡһ֮ţơ
Ȼ貨΢һ񹦣ӽҶıѧ书еУһԼΪ֮ܶһѡ
棬ٱеС
Ҷһʤѷ֣֣ԴϢѵֲ죬׼ȡ֮
ס֡
ƾУȻһϺȴ
ҶӲһͣĹɫ¥ĵ㣬ĪҰһ࣬ľϲϷ
һһ֮ǰͷϽڣٻۣʨһ׾ʮֵߣɫͭӢͦǷ֮һ㣬üޣĿ⣬ݡ
Ҷһ֮£Ҳһа˵òԽİɣ
֪˺ιʺ֮ͣʱһ˽еĶ˹а룿
ҶһӣȻϳ֮˾ԼϵӣлҵĶӰ
˾ǡϽĶӣа룿
Ƕõ罫ȻôƯһӣ˲òȥ룬֮ĸû⡭
¥¥µȺһʱ۷׷ף֮ڶ벻ϽĶô
ǳаƳ˳еҶһۣһЩֲ죬üͷɵһ壬ˣȻһʱŲĪҰȺлӰһȻ˵ôѵⳡϷлӰһɵĲɣ
ҶͻȻһͱлӰ˼ҳа룬Ȼܹôȵ֮һʲôĽлӸλүҲʲôϸ𡭡
а룬ĪҪ˵ҿʲôûɡҡǿȳֵģҼͯѵһôͳˣлӰʮ־³а룬¹£ȴǲܲġ
ش˳а룬лӰ˿ֻ뾡뿪û뵽Ժļõ᷿оȻһǱа£ǸӣȻֻ˵ļ䷿ǲ˰µģҪ֪ǳа룬˵ʲôҲˡ
лӰŻСʤҶСʤǻظ
ҶͷӦǡ
Ȼڴ򲻳ˣҶҲöԸһû˶־ˣǺһʡתһ֣¥ϵ˵СʤҲδλǰС˫ֽһʰϣǱǡսšĵӡ
˵վס
Ҷһ㶣תƼǳаһɱ⣬Լ˵ĸ㶯ˣ
Ҷа̬Ū˲佩ҲȫеĻȺһʱסˡ
ʲô˼ôԼ֮ͬôӣ
ôϽʹ˵СͯΪӦӵ·߰ôɱڵģ
ҶһãȻ۽ǴȴƳ¥֮㶼һĹصЦݣһɰһá
ҲǴʱڳа󣬴᷿߳һߣͷ࣬ϴƲҰ׵ĺǺһŨܣƤ鵭Įһ¥ȺۣٿȻһߣвȻһݣ
ࡪ͡ѡ
ĪҰһһ˵Էѱִ̬ĺȻ֮ɫ
ȫţϢ
ÿһʿ֮УСѡ֡
ԷȻǰľ֮һ书Խа塰Ⱥ֡ѣôôͬаһ䣿
аʱа޲ѡ
ԼǧذеļܴϳǣƫƫЩ֮ˣһҪʶһϳǵķΪ⡰ԺԼĲҵȻװڴˡ
Ҳǽ˰¥֮ĶԺУѶѵˣû뵽ʿȵô⡰Ժ¥ô鷳
ԼһֱֹԿ׽¡û뵽ǸС֣ͯþܿľϲңȻǴѰʧٵ壬ȴԽŪԽ󣬾ȻԼ޷ʰľء
һе׷ףǰĪСͯ
ҪͱԼǲץΪתˣƫƫСͯץʿҪǸֲ죬һҪɱǸԼֺαֹһķ
СȻø׵ķǰֳԭΣСʲôɿԲأ


095 ת
аסҶͬʱԱİҲסˡԺеĻʿ
ת˲֮䣬ԭֺĻĬʿͳ֮ȴŷϷһĿŻеļȨΪǳͷ
ڶб߻ĹʶʱֹҧĺϷҲʲôʱܿġ
ҶǳаסãȻ֮ʱ̬ҲΪޣ̲סʵ֪繫ӻסСкָ̡
󵨡аһЦ˵繫ӣƺĸˡϽ׾Уξͳа룬оְιһСС֪ͯηѵл֮˶˲֪ô
Ҷһ֮£ӲˣTMDǡУξͳƨ£ֲ㡰Ĳ¡
СүϵлԪԣֲа룬Ҫ£Сүͷ˾˵ȥοϵԶлԪԱȲ⡰ϽĶӣڹְǡϽµġʷ⹷ƨġ׾Уξͳ족ҪϰƷõô
ҶȻԷû£ûҲ磬˵Ҳûôˡ
лУξѡСлʷְͯСλҵУвǲȥ֪ҼүСĲְأҪӻظ
аһЦҶĻ˵˵ҹܲˣߺߣ֪֮Ǻˣ֪񡪡ʹҡϽĿˡһͻ˲ƣƽոҸ죬ΪһƽϢһֶ֮ս£һǬ˵飬εҪ㡭һССͯҲ壬ʹߣҳ͢ƣﵱ
ʹ
Ϣսͣ

شϢͬذըһȺըȺ۵ۣ˸һ֮£ѸȥȻŽشϢ壬ôҪϢӰʿɣһʱͳȥ
ֻǸյſڣһ³ʮȫؼ׵Ļס˵ȥ·ԺֽڶһϾװֺɫţƤ׵ġ
һĸݡ˫۾Ļͳ컷˱Ⱥһۣһߣǰ¥а빰ʩ񣬺ȵĩͳ׼УξˡĩѽԺذΧǷ񼴿̼ҪУξʾ¡
аһһĨЦ⸡ֳ˵࣬ȺŰɡ

ϡ
뻮һĶؼ뻮һ졣
ʮؼ׾ֳֳìס˳ڣȺһʱһ
ааЦſҶҶҲʾζųа롭
һСͯôһȨ󣬱ҶѿԷǹ£ﻹ˼ʲôλԼϸݶ˦һԡ
˫ţһԵĻɽĪҰȴôɲˣϻ׼С
˴ʱʲôɣСͯ˿ܺߣ嶯ȣǷںġ
аһͷսۣҲ̧Էһۣ̬ǻõ˵˵Ǻţ
ĪҰһæһ˵ɽĪҰ롭
û˵ӷʻȴֵõ죿Īͬı
㡪
а̬ѸٵȼĪҰŭĪҰ뱻˳ΪͣƢ治ǸǵģҪǰ֣ʲôУξģһ㱻һԵ³ͨסߵȰĪϢŭĪϢŭʱаһҧСͯǴ˳͢ɷʱ˭໰˭͵۽ȥĪ侲ͷ취
ĪҰ³ͨͣһȴҲҶͷ
ᣬᡭ
⣬һŲлӰŻææصҶߣһ䣬תа˵ᣬǲ֪⼸λʹҲûᣬֻŸʹǷĳͻð
Ȼ˼ó͢ѹʱ˭˭罫ˮۏ룬˴˵˵ʹ˵ССֻҪóаǹų¾ͺð졣
ҶлӰü˳˵ижСջеʱȻԼ˵ðй¶ݵΣͷ
Ŷᡪа˳ͷɵ΢΢һЦ
ǣᣬᣬʹ
лӰ͵һקҶӣ˼˵ϽúĪǰ
˭֪ҶִԸǲ
ҡ
лӰȹϵϡ
УƢûС
лӰҶԼæǼλϹЦ˵λʹˣҵ۲ʶ̩ɽײ˼λʹʹ˲С˹ԭ
λִӡӡͻȻˡʹˡһһۣЦֹЩ˻ǻĿǶˣֻ°ڶˡҲ𻰣ֻۿǰЩ˵ıݣȴֵؿЩ
лӰ˲𻰣ֿʼųаϹǸ
аһЦ˵ͯȻĻôģлһмҽ̰
ǣó˼Цˡ̧̧֣֡
лӰһٶڳȺȫЩԺôӸ˳İСͯлǸʲôݣ
аɨ˶һۣĪҰ롢³ͨȽ˳Ĭһ޵ı飬΢΢⣬ǲơ£ˡôǿСӣƫƫҪЩҸҹٸ
аȨЩͷѪνͣ䷸½Ͼ͸ˣа뵽ûβôߵľ򣬲ǾԼǱðĶԷ
а뵥һָȻ˵¡

һ㶡
㲻˵ôҾԭ㡪
ƽлԪԼұ֮⣬Һúһлҵ桭
¡а
лӰϣһ࣬һףȻҲǶŭ˼㣬
۱ϵҶлӰһҧϥҪ򵹡
Ҳ١
Ҷһ¾ðˣ˼͹򰡣
һѹȥлӰ
үûƾʲôа¹򣿡ҶƿڴУ֮£תֶ˻

ǡͳһȣǺॣܱһγңָҶȣ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
ǣȻͬɱ֮£һʱɱڣʱɻֽն⽴
ҶĬ߬еĽֻƶɫ࡭
ͣͶԷ裬ԼƢ


096 
ҶûƢʱʲô¶ܽܣҪǸã¹հ죬Ҫﲻˬүүûãοί
ҶʱŭգааTMDһඣСүһøǼСүɱȥ㲻ɹ˾ͺ⡭¹ʲộʱԴصİɣ
ֻǰ⵵£Ҫɱ˲˵ǰλлүŪþ͵ùҵԼһʱ£˵̡
аüĿһСͯ򵥡ĽôƢ˵ͯ˭˻ţлһ֣ͯлԪԵʲô
뵽׶лԪԵĽᣬаԽԽǻɣȷ뽫Сͯ£̱ƹʸס
аааһЦһ֡
¥ǲ׵ȵþźţгһָҶлӰˣȵ¡
䡪
ܻų
ȥġ
ҶҲͲסƿڴ
Ҷһ⣬־ܡ
Ǻ
֣ҶһлӰҪɱȥ
ˡ
Ժںһͳϰ֮˶öϻһըף˲һ𶯣жȻȻһϵ㶼һжһʱͣ
ԺȺһʱĴ۷׷ף˭˻ڴʱµأ
Ժеĸ֣ľϲ֣Ҳһ֮ɫ⻪йˣȻӰھ书δţ̾Ϊֹ
ʲôˣаãȻʵ
شģһ
ˡ
ĸ߿ڴʱתᣬн֮ʱ̶Ĵжϼ鵽ŨʱӶ˳Ի߰Թޣתһʱ˶óˡ
Ȼתͻֱ𼸸ʹ˾ȥǡ
ǵ֮ˣϣǷ켫
֮ʱԺٿȻ֮䷢Լɱ⾡о㶼ɫ
ҶٿȻоѣ̾һвƽ֮ľһʱƽ
һѵͳöɤдŮ¥һյ᷿д繫ӸαͯһʶԶͼΪβƼ÷һԻһʱ֮Թأ
аȻ˵ԭôڴˣаðʧΪôշʱ˷ݣӺ

һЦͬһ᷿ڴһϵȴϵ𣺡֣ĳôңϷôȿΪֵܣ˴ΪɣôҲԸ߶ţǰһյ⡮ԺСռλͬĳֶ̽Ů˸λ徲ˡ
˻ȻԭǷг÷֮⣬вˣ˲֪÷̵ĸоɣֲ붯÷أԭ֮ԨԴ
벻Լһε¥֮УСµһˡԼ飬ҲӦǲ˰ɣ
Ҷ˿Ǹյ᷿ʱЩԻˣ¥ĸ᷿һĪҰ˶£һаռݣһ÷̺Ͳһ᷿УǺڴأ
÷ΪǸСͯ飬аüһִ˼£Щתһ룬÷Ϊµһˡղ֮ˣµȨѼΪ㷺ҷΪһСͯ佻񣬸ɿĿ֮Ǿܾʧݡºٰнͯ£ȴʡ˴ʱΡ
뵽˴аһЦЦԵȻôΪ飬ˡɡ
ҶлӰһͬ˿ҶæʣղԼȻֻҪܱĳͻһҪ⣬ԣľͱ𳳳ܲͱ𶯵
ԺʱΪ֮һɣʮؼױͻҲһͬպȥ·ʲôûһ㡭
ôһɸ꣬ĪҰ
ôվΪˣ³ĳݷ

˷׷Ϊ÷̵̾ѡ
ƺ¾ʹ˸һ䣬ҶһߴɵɵлӰ˵лүߡ
˭֪ƽ֮
ȵȡ
ٿȻ¡
תͷȥȴľϲһʣ⻪СˣΪûʹҵһһ仰˴˶Թǻ֮˾ôµôһߺߣƿЦ
Ѿ԰˱֮͵رһХ
ƨ
ĲŻƿЦ
Դľ͸һɱ֮
ԣԣɱɱ

ŭѣһߵĳа룬ʱҲ࣬Լ˼ҳͷ˼ҵɨ棬ȵڴһͶѿϽɨء
аŭȻתͷݺݶԵİѣ˵֮ˣʱ㻹ͷֹ£
˭֪һ֮£Աߵİ۾źӣһЦģųˡ
а뼸ϽΣûаѽγһȻֹ
еҶûϵ֮ôӣھ÷̵ӣһֱΪǳͷĳаҲǴرɨ棬ǳаһѩ׵˧ĶγˮҶһá
ŶǼЩ֪ˡλֵ̨βܽ»СΪأ÷ǳ˴Եɤһѹ˴н֮
ľϲһЦ˵ҪСӵҲףһأͷлԶһۣҾĹһΡٺٺ١
ҶֻԼԴϵѪ܆φֱǿżȥ
ùñ˼һ棬ǹȻò˱ȢկУΪǵʮӣҲʡͷ¶棬ЦΪ
һ䣬ҶֻԴ˵һĻҲѹסˡ
ľϲ飬Ҳ衪
һȴҪƿڴҶһͷ֮ʱһֱɵɵлӰɫͨ죬ľϲ顭
ҵĸ簡ʲôҰ
󵨡
һȣӰһȴһֱ̨ϵֲʱݵĴٿճ˹ĿлӰ
Ҷ˵˲лӰһŽ买֮أӭֲ졭

ֲԸı䷽򣬴һɶ磬ͷҶ
Ҷ·ݣ˿ٲ֣˵
Ҷ˫һʩչݡֱߣֲܿӭͷһתżһҽż⣬ƾٴκߣֶ㿪Էһ
ֲգѽߣȴҶ˫һ㣬һͦԼбâʢΪһĨֱϮֲԺ̬


097 
ݡ߾վۣҶڵĹ۱Ǽޡ
ˣֲȴ١æУֲȻ׹䣬ͬʱ󺰣ϸãկң
ľϲ顭
ľϲδϵת侹Ȼ֮죬δ뵽СͯȻ˵ȾṦۼۣٿȻȡ˱ɱ֮ʱԮȴˡ
Сҡ
ľϲ龪ŭȡ
Ҷ˫ĿһŲֱľϲŭɱ˫ۣη壬ϳһĨЦ±һݡ
ۡ
һ졭
ֲԺ룬ǰֲ̽Ǿ׵ı鶨ڶʿǰ
ҶһĨһЦؿľϲ˫֮еľŭתΪŭǵЦȴôķ̡ľϲ飬㲻Ҫͷô㲻Ҫһô㿴Ҳˣһɱ㡪ʲôҲɲˡ
һŵֲʬĺ󱳣ҶƳͬʱ󷭷ɣ֮ľ롭
Ҷʱлɨһۣб·˵Ҫɱǣ˭Ҳֹˡ
ʿһƬ
ֲ챻ɱˣǰû˾ȵľϲ顭
ֲ书˵ϣҲױ㶪ԮǸСͯ书˹ǻԼ޻ȡʤأ
ĪأҶ˲սʤӡ
𡪡
һ޺ľϲ鶯ŭ͵һ٣һĺ¥ĵذһֳһ޿ӣһǿľϲͬһֻɻȻҶ׷ȥٶȿޣ˲׷Ϸ˵Ҷ
á
ĪҰ롢³ͨȡ
벻Ĺۺˣ͵ΪҶ
ҶֳǰâֵֹĽɢԷעͬʱȫˡתơ׼Դ˻Էıɱһ
޳ܡ
һͬһը˶𡭡

һֱδ˷᷿УһƵĽ죬᷿԰һǽڣȻΪĩһֻ޶һ֮У·Ծ֮һ㣬ǿеľϲ䣬ٿȻ㵽ǰ
ľϲ޾ɫ˫Ƹ߾٣ӡ޶
ˣ㿪
һֱվڳаԵİɫ
ʱľϲ㣬ȴ㲻ˡ
䡪
ľϲ˫ӡǾ޶֮ϣ䣬˷·𶼱һ񣬵Ȼ޷޶һǰٶȣ޶֮µľϲͬĲӬһ㣬ݺ߷̨ٽһļɽײ÷飬¡һ˴ҽ˵桭
Ժһ쵱ҡڲͣǿҵڶΧߵڵϣҾ긦֮£ֻ޶Ѿľϲѹ˵¡¶ģֻֻͲ֮Ķಿ֣Ȼҽ˵֮¡
ֻǶ£ϡܿӯӯֱ̹ð֤ľϲĻδ顣ǿߣȻˣһ֮£ľϲ龹ȻδһҶ֮࣬ɵðľϲ
鲢δʹ˽һӰһϵľ޺Ʈһ̤ھ޶֮ϣ˶ĹͷˣҶģǵġϽͷ񺺣Ǵʱѹڶµľϲ飬֮ȣͬͯһ㡭
ŵģһΰ׳ȻŲԼṦ̾Ϊֹ𾪲ѣΥ͸мǿҡ
ɨҶһۣһЦζԡ
֮ǰľϲƱݳһֻͻĻôֻͻڴǰһֻСè
󺺵òͼֱǾ䣬һ۵ʣϸ㲻Ĵȫ˵ϿΣЩ壬ȴߴ
һ˫ҫŻƹһ
˴ֺһ󺺣ȻûͷŶüëûС˵£һëѰ֮
ǰһƣ⸱ѵһ࣬˽ǧֺ֮ͭ
ԡκ޾Σ
κ硪
һ֮һյ᷿Ȼ򿪣һȹװľɫŮӽ˵ü΢죬ûʩۣ֬Ǳ֮κŨױĨŮӶҪÿǧٱͷϵ㷢ûκηΣ
ˮܽأȻȥΡҶһ˲㶮ΪŮӲſǡµһˡ
κ޾淺Цҡͷ˵˵ˣұ¶棬ԶԶһۣһȻߡû뵽һ֪ĶȻⶼҴ򣿡
κ̣ʱΪִڵһЦأ
κ޾ľȻҡͷ
ҴӦģһϧȴûӦҵģȻյأҴڴˣ˭˿Աİȫ
˵޴Ȼһ٣˶ľ޶֨һ³˼ǵ̹ڼ
ס֡
κ޾εͻȻסİѣһŭڳ֣¥аߣȻλһ¥֮ϵκ޾ȥд磬Եĳа뵯ɣ¥ķ죬ƿɼһߡ
ľϲСľϡĵڶ֣ǡľϡһľյĶӣͬʱҲǸòļ̳ˣҪĻԼȥԺһ𡰰͡롰ľϡ֮ĳͻġ
ԼСҲܼȡ
κ޾ιһЦ̿ˣκΪⲻ֪ߵغӣѱյϹڳˣ
һ޺κ޾γӰײһ
ģ˵һûκε·һ˲̡
ţڡԺϿգ˽ֵĵطһơ
ۿɼĲƣ˶һΪģûκ𣬵κ壬ֶֻһǾǡ𡭡
Ҷûб紵Ǳ֮ΧһƼĿɣֵһڿв𵴲쫷һ㣬ԺС
ҶоԼһ쫷еһƮƮ
ҽһ¥ĴõУȻٱɨ˴⣬ֱӷɳˡԺ
㱼䣬Ժне˶˳ù紵ڿб㻯ΪѪ
ģ˭˵Ʒʹˣ
ҶһȻһͷҽ¥ĺˮС
˰Ŵӷ𣬴˻϶ڡԺ֮ˣԺڵģԳƲǺ
̧ٿԺ¥˵һ
ǸշġԺֻʣ¥ã¥ĵڶ͵¥Ѿȫˡ
Ҷʪ͸Ǳ𱬵Ŀι¶ƤǱĴϺһͨ죬Ƥ΢ϸѪܱѣƤʼ͸Ѫˮ
ǡ񡱸ֵʵô
TMD¡
Ҷ̧ۿȥǱһġԺǱһܺһȭĺɭֵ⣬ҲǵȤ


098 ַ緶
һκ޾˾㶼ԭʧ
ãȻĹˣǰȴʧȥλֵķλ
ˮġ
˷κ޾κͰѵټָԶĺ棬š
Ⱥ̧Զ
ԶˮĴ˾κˣϷˮƺƴ󣬱һ֮һ죬һᣬ֮ϾȻۣ꣬ȻȻĽǿߵֶΡ֣ǿ˹ֹ
һͤԶԶı㿴еĸ֣ĪҰɵĸ֣³ͨȳյӣһʮˣԶźĴֵĶԾ
㼶ĸֶԾ
ֳ棬ܹ׵üģ
ҶλһִٳֶԾĺȴⳡȤ﷭Żεǹҵˡ
Ҫܣ֮ǰǸлӰҵźðԼļľʹսᣬǿѵҲӦѰҵǣҶɲԼһӶھεС
ǣصȴСӵټ
СӸòǹҵ˰ɣ
ǵԼԺ֮ǰһŰصģ᲻˵ض㿪Ĵ˿̱˻Ժڣ
Ҷ̧ͷԺһ͸һ¥ɵ˶󴰻ǴأļɽѹסҶ͵һݵһ˹ȥ
ҶԼٶȱ̮ļɽ֮ǰ㻩㣬һҡ
үɲ
λӣѰˣ
һ˴ɤŮɤԼ
Ȼתͷ۴һƳȹŮ·һ÷̱ӯӯվԼǰŮ˹ֻϡ
лӰͬһһ㣬˴ӺץסУ֪

Сֵܷģû
˵ţлӰһҡΣǶ㷢߽Ȼֻ˹ȥֶΡŮһòҲ̫ˡ
벻⡰µһˡ÷̾ҲǸ֣ؼʱ̲һ٣˳лӰ˳
һɻҶ÷һЦӯӯ˵λСֵ˵Ϊҳͷ̼ٲҲյأ书΢лԽġ
Ȼ˵úɣһɲ֮飬ҶԱ÷̺˵˳ȻлӰ˳ֹ򣬿ɾ΢֮
ҶűһлӰٿһЦ÷̣Īһ񺮡
棬ڻǿ뿪ĺá
ôĪ֣鷳ǵ̫࣬ڵÿ뿪
ҶӹлӰԼļϡڸղ÷һлӰ⺷һĻȥɡ
÷üĿһ˵ŶأСͯȻͬʱϽ˼Ҷȫ
Ҷһ뵽ԼҪٵľһʱɺղ
ԼһļĻǵأһһӶôĲ
÷̿ǰСͯȻȣȻѣɵڿЦ˵Сֵ˿գ㵹и⣬˵԰㡪
Ҷ÷̵ĽΪ⶯
з̽æСܶӵôѣʵ֮
ҶȻɵӣôһλŮԶ㣬ôԶ˳ı£Ҷõ¯࣬Ҫʣǵ񡭡ͳ÷ʶֵһ㣬Ҷһֱʲô÷׽û뵽ԷȻԼôһ̨ס
÷һЦ⣬˵Ǿܵܰæ취ҼлԪԳʷ˰ɡ
ף
ݡ
ҵ̤ʯаƣ˭˭ء
ҶֹȴǲɫӦ
⣬Ҷһۻڵϵֻͭ޶Ǻһγ˱Ժľϲͱٰʮ߲١
˵껰ҶлӰ˦һߣ̱ڵأԼһЦͭ޶
һǵһԵлӰ÷̲ɵһЦ
Ǻǡ
Сͯ˼
÷̿ҶıӰĬĬ뵽ǸлԪصûоȻ˸֣ǽСͯУ¶ţ˶лԪԡȻбȻͼıʱһ棬ڱס
Ҷĳ׿֣κһлԪԵʵһصǣȻûһȥҶݣ뵱ȻΪл֮ˣݲͯô򵥣ȴδһУʵֻΪҶðԮлӰһĻʵ̫գ̫ʵ
УСͯлˣôΪ˱˵ȥһأ
Ϊһ֣ʵҶл˵ݡУСͯлˣҺܴлԪĸʱлӰߣΪ˱ӵȫĸ֣ͣлпֹܲһ
÷뷨аҲ뷨
ʱҶȻͭԺ֮УҲ߰ǰľ档÷̣ݿ򵥣Դ½ӽлԪԣ֪뷨ΣҾܾҲưոݣֻȳлӰ㹻ɼлԪһ棬ʱȴͨӽлԪԣһΪҽı֣²лԪߵҪ£š治֪÷̵״һǳҲǳ͢˾ѵɱѦĹһ˵ݣпܡ
Ҷǵصͭݡ
Ӱִ޵ŮΪףʮʿһֳסҶȥ·ס֮ͭµľϲ顭
Ůδй£ۣдɫĳñֱңңָҶʺסҶȥ·
СӣɱֲҲ㣬Ҫɱľ壬ȴȥ
ŮֻСƱһ۾ɵöݺݵģģȴǽοɰ
Ҷ˿ҿԷ˵Է֮ǰɱ޹ƵֶΣǴʱԷֳĹӡ
Ǵ̳ɶ೤Ůûжرӣɵһɶ೤Ĵɫ޷ǱһޣֻҵۺҶĿ࿴
ҶһЦ˵ǾҪܲܵסˡСĵ㣬ҵĽ£ǲŮֻġ
ŮҶĻŵ۾һеĳҲԱֱͦ״̬ٿֻ˳һգڿһѵıȦǰһȦһȦĵбޱУڱȦ֮󣬲۾׼һ似㡣
ҶһЦŮȻ¹ź壬ҲǸδµСѾͷѣ仰㱻ŵòᣬ
ԼĲֵģȻԷԼսҪнһкⲻ֮еǹϵ֮սÿ˶޷ıݺβǽǹս
վҶһǰһ
Ůڣе֮˶ͬʱһȻ֮ǰҶı֣ǲηܴʱռţҲǶ־ȫޡ
Ҷ淺Цȴһƶէ˿ͷ̬˷쳣ǡԼһðƴ֮ηĸַ緶ˡ
䣬ǰϾһ𣬸ҪͷһͬСèһ㱻Ʈһߣһ˴ԵԸӶ𡭡
СֵܣûʱˣˣڱǼΣ
ҶһĶͷа̾Ǻò׽ĸȫTMDˡ


099 ƨ
ʱľϳУѵһķ羰
һɫˣҹȻˣһ·ɱ
溮
ԼҲǰġҶ̾һԼȻĲϣ̣˼Č˿ųͷأľ棬ԼǺð
صлԲѵлӰһʱ䱻ͻԼķ䣬лɻؿųлڵ÷ֿ̣˿һЦҶ
ôԺūȥСʤҹ
ҶӦһҿ÷һۣл͵һ·ȥ
ôһ£
ԤϣյƧ֮أлͱһŭɫʵֻǵһ죬ôǳôĻ£÷ô£үôһ£
Ҷ޳ˣһһ㣬޾ϸؽһ顣
ҶԺе˵֮󣬱лҲһĴ
ôסģҪǵһСϽлԣʱԼҪ⡭
Ҫ˸лԪ˵ʲô֮ǰȸлԪԹͨãҪлԪԲҶ˭סʱĽˡϽˣ˵ҶȻҪ£ԼͲڸĻҲȱ¶Ҫһƿ͢ݵ˾ͱ˼һˡ
л֮һҧ˵ߡȥҶү±Ͼȶү˵Ǿͻתء
ҶǰһûСүΪ˾лԪԵĶӲŵôˣлԪԾһһҲûɲҡ
˿첽лүķţֻлӰСæǰæȴδ˵
лüͷһ壬ʵСﲻӦĸŮôأ
ֻʮ塢ģСѾͷһлܼҵˣæȥү˺ͻƴȥˣֻСһˡ
лͺҶԿһۣһ
Ͽȥӭүǿžͺˣȥȥ
ۼСС񱻸˳ȥҶæӻͳЯġŻ¶衱һлӰ̫ˣһĶͷ
лͿҶʩΪĽ٣ʵڵȲˣǰһѳлӰžžӡ
ȥҶһľٶһ
ȥʲôȥϾ͵üôлЦеϣѵõһ
˵ȥá
лӰλƵ۾˵ﹾһ۵³һѪ
ȥƲ˰ɣҶæлӰһ̽˽ȥ
ɣлеˡ
˾Ȼһ£Ҫˣһˡǰ;Ǵ󹦣߱ǱǴ
Ҷһһ߰лӰ˳үүɱ°Сүָء
Ҳ֪Ҷ˵ãǡŻ¶衱ãлӰƵ˹
ʵлӰǱҶһʱԴһ£˹ȥëؿڱļɽһʯѹһС£ûѹʵȻѹˡҶһšŻ¶衱³ǻڵѪҲˣҲ˳ˣǻԴ˵ͷۣоеۡ
ףǣ
лӰԴײе㷴Ӧ
лͿҶһۣ·ݣһڵأүˣūˡ
лӰԺɵʵǡô°ҼǵҲȥôôڼˣ
Ҷæϣ˵ضүôһ¡
ҶüٶȰһ˵һ飬ͬʱϿԼɣ˼ҿˣںͿſɲаԽҲԽ¡
ҶĸлӰһػ˽飬Ҷ˵ľϲ÷һεʱү͵𣬴ԣԶԣľϲǸ˵ȻҴôҵ⡭ģˡаTMDǶȻӸˣ¸㶨װռӵıˡܳѵġ㡭ףСʤôģô£Ҽǵҵʱһ嶯ȥˡˣʱСһŰҲȥġ죬˵ô£
Ҷ޵˼ˣæѺߵһ˵ְԼ˵˸ףųлһ죬˼˵ˡ
л͸æֹ£˵үүҼŴо֮СʤôһӣСʤô£ͬʱ˳аˣһҪȾСʤôҲΪ˸Ҳǡ
лӰǰԵСʤϾͷβԼ߳£СʤΪ˾Լ飬лҾҲôû˶סҪǰˣл͵óԶһ겻񡭡
һҶļлӰظ֤Сʤлһлܱҵĸм֮顭ģ¾ҵ£Ҿ㣬ûûҡҵˡ
Ҷм㣬⣬±µģTMDΪŪġ⻰ô˵м֮л
Сʤ⹦ôô
Ҷһݣ֪ǽͲ壬¾Բ
æǴ嶫ߵͷְ׻һ飬̫ᡷ˵󲢲ѡ
Ҷһ˵꣬Ǳл͸æϻͷɴ۾˵ѽѽ˵ĿǴ嶫߿סŵͷǲǸ¿ôԭǸ˰ιͷסþˣүүŵʱ˵ˡҼǵСʱȥԺĴѣϱߵ١ǲôţ
ôţ
ëһƮһûš٣ʱҿûˣ°ҸŻˣһΪŹءڿһͷңҵʱûӦҪΪʦܳΪһְ
ѽ壬°û˵
˵˭Ű˵ˣҵʱûš¶찡Ҿһֱûᣬ˭Ű
ûû
лӰǸлһ겻ѣ̾ϢСʤá
ҶлӰлһĴָһ¡
лͰһƲСѧŵɡ
͵лӰһĴȣһ
ѽǲҵˣ
ǣǰүôˣ
죬Ȱҵһ
Ϊʲô
尡ǹҤӳ£ҪҵĻ֪֮һʲôҵƤǴҵȣ쵲ŵɣҵȸ㶨裬㶨ϵ
ȥ
лһ֮£æɱȥ
лӰл͵Ӱǵðˮóа˵ϣҵԸ
ѽǣлӰһһԵҶЩ˼˵ٺ٣ĪҪ֣ҪǵˣǸʲôˡ
Ҷ°ۣĵӻ֪ʹģ֪


100 ƻ
ҲǸӵĹٶлӰ˵лҼлԪԣʱ鷿ڣز֪Щʲô
лһշæѵϢҪ֣ԼͿסˡ
ͯС˵ӾȻԼġ١͡лԪ۵Ըӣŭǳ
תһ룬ʱ֣Լ֪Ǹʲô³ֺαؾЩ֮أ
뵽ǸӣлֲɵøпǧԼҲ᲻úտ»ҪԼȪˡ
һ첻ƽŴлӰתӶҹ̸ƺԴӰ֮Լ׵ģһֱûоʲôΡ
лԪ鷿лӰСʱȤ£ͻȻ䣬ԼߵС˴Żŵ˽
үүˣү˴ˣѪڻԲѡ
ʲô
лԪٿȻһæС˸˳˺ЩС˶ǲֻ֪˵Բѣ֮ġ
δ߳ԶлӰߵŮСҲŸ˹
үү
ȥҲǼ仰κõĶŪлԪһǳȥеٳȥֵνϰ£
մãȴŻŵС񡭡
үү
ô仰лԪЩסˣһһ˻ŻѰԼĪӰĺءء
һ쾳ĸ֣Ű֮󣬾Ļ̣֮䣬ߴ˷ǿż˵Ĳǿ첽ߡ
ȥȥȥҶˡ
үѾȥˡ
лԪ֪ԼѾЩûţ侲ƵԼԭҪͷӲ֮¡
ҪǳͷͷлԪ԰ɣǧĪҪͷҼӰ
ۿһ·ˣͻȻ俴лܼһͷ˹лԪԣԶؾʹ˿ǻүҪү
лԪֻԹ˵һѪӿл˵ʲôѹûȥ
еεǰߴ٣Ҷ
һʱ֮ںޡʹˡϮͷлԪ͵ػָһΪˡ
ಡ
ûˡ
лͻûǫ̃ʣֻһ߿ͷһʣٿȻеԣ̧ͷȴﻹлԪԵӰֻʣһȺĿɿڴˡ
ǡ
ۿŰѲ°˵лͣæվҲչ׷ȥһ׷һߺүүûȵȡүүûȥTMDˡ
һߣҶϥлӰ˫ƵлӰĺ󱳣תС๦ķΪˣҵע˵Ĳѡ
лӰ˹ڵѪͨٶµľл״̬Ϊ֮һšŻ¶衱ҩЧлӰֻûһƬůģ˵ԼδͻƵľ磬Ȼڴʱõ˽Ϊڴ֮ǡ
չϣġ
˵СʤͷһҪ׹򣬱ʦİĦַǿ̫ˣ
ԷԼĹȳɱҶҲЩԼĴ˵ĻҲֻҪǰعˣĹҶܽ㡭
˵׼ˣ
˵׼ˡ
Ȼ䣬ŸлӰ˵ķ㣬ҶҲûռһ¶Էڹķⶼ˲ˣʶôɡ
һ׻Ƽڹķ43ܵĽˣһƼѧĶһᡭ
Ҷֱӵѡ˹رաŋ翸󡱣ԼڸղŽˡ족߼һ𣬶ûҶ
лӰһͨа룬ֽΪʲôĸ״˻Ҷ˫°ͣڰϣ񡭡
ôһṦһҶʶһ̧ͷ䡪ŶˣһӰٿȻ˽ҵض
ҶлӰŴһһʱĿɿڴ

˳лԪԻ˭
ֻǴʱлԪԿȻҶ˻ҪȣָлӰ㣬㡪
һԸӻŶԷһһ㡪ι쵽˼㡭
лӰһȼĸףȰĸ֮ĸװ˵¾ͺðˣû뵽Ǹ״ȵġҿӣϵòᰡ˵ˣСβϽװɡ
лүûˣһۣͷ͵װΰɣص㣬˵ҵһ۾Ͳˡ
лӰһ£Ǳ߾СͯСʤһүôˣ

ʲô
̧ͷһˣлԪͷȻҲһͷԵԼһ˹ȥ
лӰ͵æͬҶүӷ˴ʱһãȻ
Ǹʲô
ʱߵлҲһ·׷˹
лӰȥһѾסл͵ĲӣʣյģҵҪңҲҵҲ߯˰ɣ˵յģǸҵʲô
лһʺţûȴ𻰣ͻȻ޴غһ˾ͳ˽ͷһǿ޵ǻ찵ء
һ˭ҲסһӾ˴ϣлԪԵظǺޡ
ҵض˰զôడ׷ͺڷ˰TMDûͷ
٣һĻǾޡ
Թӣ۰
ҶתѪ܆φֱģԹֱ졭
ǱлӰһʱҲɵۣһȣء
͵һ񣬻ͷһ򣬶ӡٻͷһϣү
ͷתٻͷת򡭡
Ȼ󡪡
ม
һۣãιȥһλ
ﰡ
лӰһǰͳ塭
Ҷһܡ
һˣûһ׵ġ

Ͻ
ͬһԸӣһ߸ϣһڵء
а亹Ÿ׳ıŭ
˵˵ٱ¶˳ѻͬκ޾εĲˣľϲˣһҹ֮ҴϢ
аæͷøͣҴ𻰡
磬²лԪϹص̫ڰеĳ׻ΪԼֶ˵û
ߺߣлԪԡһǵ͹㰡˼ⳡϷݵĽǶԽԽడһϷԽԽǺÿ˰
аӲͷƤ˵״ˣպᡭ
ճСߣֵҾûڣЩĸ֣һָ֣ó岻Σ֮˵ע⣬ҲǿС
ǡͻȻֵκ޾Ρ
κ޾εȷ֣κ޾ݿɲרԵġ
磬˵
һ˵ĵλﵽһ߶ȵʱӰжĶø࣬Ȩλӡӿκ޾γݣΪ÷̣ΪԸҵģκ޾ˡšӡȻˡšǮ񱣻š۸˵İΣǴʱšʲô£κ޾ξͲʧˣʧ¡ۣ֣ҲǸġ
ǡסἴӥ򳤿սŴϢ֮κ޾ܵ˾ϳǣųսŲʱͻϮšĺʱġ
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磬ǲ̫ˣЩôսšһˡ
Ŷôٺ١ⲻͦôֻҪտոҪҾ͸Ҹݾû˸ͬһսߣǱϵҲáտֻҪҰģͲʨӴ󿪿ڣҲ͢ʲôЭ飬ҪʵƾսšֻҪ췴͢ٴĿšҲճֻҪһ͹ˡȥɡ
ǡ

磬ǶþˣҲû˵ĸջһţСͯǲǴˣСͯѹûǳŴңӳϳˣ
ҹ֮£һТĵһ˻ʵ
Ữе棬֮ʱ죬·ٸ˻Գ¹˧İУ۾˵⡪ҵĵŵˡ
еԲԶһӴò֪ߣһشһɱͷ­ľһĺͯ
ϰˣٿšӡ
ִĺָͷ˰죬˵ʮš
һϵ£һԶ˰ߵ¥ǡԺ
£һ˵죬ѡӡòã
á
Ҫõġ


101 չ
Ҷﴧ⾫İһƥͷӪıţھϳǸոջָƽĴϡ
롰Ͻٰỹʱˡ
л¡æòɿҶһ븮СˣҲʼæµҶΪлүһҲӣϳʿҶͽЩҲŹλڡԺгͷСͯлԪܹǲһλСԾӣҲʧҶ⼸ķһСơ
˿ʼö󲿷ֵĵҲ¿ʼӪҵϳָֻյķƺĵϰرӦŻµ
ϳǵ֮ʣȻѵһ˿滺ĸо
ȻҶֻ֪һּ󣬼֪һЩĻıԵԱܸоֱ꽫Ҫٵѹ
ơѹ֡
ǰԺһ֣ûСʤҶ˷ͷΪԼ˶Ŀţѹܴ󡭡ϧĽȴҶٸеЩΣ˵ʧ䡭
Լֵ¼κ޾ѵĸֶԾǰһƨȥɢΡһЩǡʿǰλֵĶԾԼԻȵϺþʣ㹻ѸʮµģֻҪеϸ֮ٲҪЩϲ٩ľΡΪⳡȶǰСͯ౻һ˵ģģûȤ̸𡭡
ǳ䣬κ޾СʤĸֶԾûиչ⾰һ㶼ѷֳʤκ޾Ҳų׿ӲðЩˡ
÷ԸԳؼлԪԣλлʷԲƬ̣Ͼ֣䣬Ҳûʲô򵥵ǰ֮󣬱÷һ棬̸ܽ˺ܾãڶ磬ſôһı뿪ллԪĿЩƺģ֮ûãʢ÷ôҽڼպϳϯΪϳǵʿǱݣȻ󲨣һϲᣬȻɴ˱һϯݵĻʢ磬ЩĻ֪벻Ľˣ¶Ҫⳡʢ¡
˶÷̵ҲΪ棬ǳ͢δ÷̵ҲˣԸٵ飬ֻ͡˽Ҷһᣬ˵ǳ͢߼Ա֮以ʶֻм𹻸ߵ˲ϳ÷Ϊµһˡǳ͢İ׮Ҳһܸߣȫп˶ϳҶеᡣ
ؼʱ̣÷̳ʾһеҲҶֻǡ⡰Ժһ֮÷ʧȥټѰңֻܵлԪԵʱٴ˰ɡ
лԪԭĹģٴһֹǾϳе֪ʿݾڣܹʱϵʿһ뺯һֱѵӥݸݣ뵱عԱЩʿڶԷβȫܣֻһƽЩط뾸ϳǧ⣬üΪܸϵܲܵǿ˵£벻˼˵£лԪԼȻĹģͷΧЩ㲻òչˣٱϵôһŰǡ
ؾԶģ񡭡ģˡ
ڣҶлûõСͯҪЩͰĻˡ
Ҷû뵽ͷһгУ㽫ڡԺļλ˸顣
ĪҰ롢³ͨ˳黹˸λյӣ˽⵽λаĳյӣ³ͨ׸糤һ³ͨ״ӣλǰǸ߳λյӣ³ͨĵӡ
Ͼ໥֮йҶҲΪԷյӵݱԶر˸л
һߵľ뵹ǲԶҶ˿е֮ˣɽׯϾ顣
ѧʵ֣ȴһˣݵһǳˣͬʱڽҲһλָ֣ھϳǶһʮɽׯ
ʮɽˡ
治Ͼ飬ǸԶˣϲӦ꣬Զܵɽﵱʲôӡ
е˾ӣϳǱˣһúܣﶼмĶŵЩ˰Щھã¿˿֮ǿԼһˣƽʱǲ֪չΣױõ·ð첻롣
ȻӹùÿŵЩ¡ܻңĳǹܲ࣬ǲѹһССܵ㡰Ǯ˭ԸⰤǵǮ
λϵˣľˣ϶Щӣῴ£Ʋʲôˣ£ҲϣҪѹסǣкôǣҲһ
ҶǸסˣСϵĹлˣ¶ϼ֣΢ڵףٷ̯Щôһٷˮ֮󣬶Ҷʾλϣūһط˸
λҶǰæҶҲģ˼ҵʹͰָ˶ˣһ·ϵĳԺȻҲҶһְ졣Ǯƶ־ԶҶ˵ҲŲڣҪֺԸʹȻԹˡ
ƥҶлĸͷ˳˳ţһ·ָᰣ˵˵ЦЦ֪˴ʱ
ǰתһ£롰ɽׯԶˡ
·Ǹֱƽ羵±ڣ·Ҳ࣬ȴһƬԭ
ԭһƬï֣ɭɭ֦·ܡ
ǳΪůȪʣҶ١Ũ񸲸УʱһԴԵҶ׺䡣Ӹߴȥ̯һ죬޷Ƿټ棬Ȫɽ룬϶࣬ߣ̿޼ʣԽĿǽޡ
Ҷ̲סһǻĻ㣬һף̹
ɵЦ˵С翴°ﾰɫȷǰߵ·ڣʮһϼ£ǱһƬĺҶï֣¿һƬϼǲ˼ɾءҪŲ£ҪСȥˣһеիҲһƣ̻գңڣһӡ
ҶһȤЦʵôõȥҶҪһ⣬ĺôҲоƺȣ
һ׳ĳ͵ĴУǰǸƵʦھϳСŸˣһ֮£ﵱ˺ССڣƣǳ˼ҲúȾƣֻǲԻˣز˷һÿѵģի˹Ƶģһʢ˼ĺܡ
˵˵ЦЦۿתɽ£ٹʮǡɽׯǰ·һƬ֮Уһĺɱ˽˸ɫѸתͷߣû߳ȥԶкһƬֻΧɱŵǰһˡ


102 ȫ
ҶϣԶԶȥԿȺбΧɱǸˣһͷҰɫͷƺͲСμΪý˼ȥ磬Ȼߡ˴ѪߡΧ½磬ʽ˵Ʈ鶯ҶĲҶ˵ڶԽʶϣԳƵһҡǸͷϱâҫѣ浽Ӧء
ҶæתܵһߵһСϣǰ˵Ľ˾۵ס
˲ֵġ
ɲ˵ܷġǵɷǱְأǻᱻġҶ˲˻תֻԶܣ֮·
ޣô˴˼һۣǸԱߵĳ׳˵һ䣬˿ĭʾġ
һԵû˵ɿϵı飬Ҳ˵뷨
ҶûôߣΧôˣǶԼвĴڣҶһ㲻øɵ֡
ڻǱе
һٶˣȻЩʿϿΪңƺżΪܵķֹͬһʱֻвʮ˹ǰ˶ǰصΧԳս˳ּΧսȦȥ
ЩµĶ飬еĸĻûСˮƽȻһԪ۷ĸֱȵ˼㣬óսսյأΧ֮Ȼûиֲ֣˫Ĳ㣬ĺԮǱΧ֮˲ߣʼջ
һע⣬ҶɱмӵĹ󣬵׾ٵذյǳһϣȻƺĳһѶţʱ֪ͨΧΧʿӦúʱʱˡ
͸һĹ۲죬ҶȻȻط֣ǹֱܷΧ֮˵һ㣬ÿ˾ݹʱΧܻ֮һܼĹĵ㵱ˣΧֻҪҪչʱֻһͬĹ֣ܻ˼ʱس֣һܵĹ֮£ὫҪ֮Ӳԭأ׼˻Ŀյ֮˿ٹȫɱ
ֻ΢һᣬҶ㱻˱ָս֮ųһ亹ȻǸΧɱ֮˸Եʮ㣬ɣǸܿ߾ĽǸˣĺֻҶ֡
ֳУǰҲжô׼ȷˣҶӡҲǡ۽񡱻֮һƴôǿָôǱ仯ǧĹֱǰִսеȽĺָ̨ϵͳԳֵÿһͶ룬ÿһսԪӵս
ںָսĸ֡
ҶȺﵱмѰңڼ󺺵Χпһ˿ߡƺһſϣ󺺱ӣֱ֮ƺİСϣҶϣվϣȻ̫ԷòҶǳ˺档
˰£˵Ȳ
ҶվûߣǱֳɤŴģҶ߿
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ǽ˾ݹʮСɵһˣֺʵֻǸСɣɢĻˣǿڹϻ죬Ҫǹϵİ˹ͷ˹ǲ٣ĸƺֻд˵кţҲǡؾϵһԱȴǲʮǧСʵһٸɷͻ
ôھȻһ·׷ɱеݵؽأ
ҶɻͻȻǶӴ˵׷ɱӣͻȻһ䣬Ҷ˹
ף
Ǹʲô
Ҷӭͷͷ׷ӶԼһۣ㳯ԼɱƺĲݵӡ
ֻһۣҶ㿴һž˵Ӣףһ˫ۼᣬƺ˵ꡣȻӢףܸоǲ̫ɣҶһۣҲΪ壬ƺ¶ʲôõľġ
Ҷ˲ıо˶Էĵ⣬ƺµ˶ԷĴ㡪ɱˡܡ
˵ж;ǲܹô»ѸٵжϺ;ģ˼ݺжϵ׼ȷ
˼ݶԳ֮ˣȻȶӦãֱӱɱ˶ûٸɱԽĹ£϶³ɱġ
Ҷ淺Цϣֺסֽϡ˭ҲռӵıˣҴӵ⣬Ҫи㹻۵׼
֮ǰıѾ黹˰࣬ʱʵĳҶԼǰֽսѽҲûеķˣݻڣҪúһ¡ȻЩĥ𣬵ҪɱˣѽȻǸüһ
Ǹ׷֮ԽԽҶսҲԽԽ
ڸоһ˿ǾϳǡϽгµϲǵҳײǳ
ǱߵʿиٵģҲ΢һʧأ汻Χ֮һҶ¿۾ҲҶһۣԷЦؿԼûһ
Ҷʱдޣ˵йְӽٶȣнٳв˵Ĵ㡭Ĳɡ
ԷĽȷ߾ӵС¾ŽܾƪҶ˵
ǱߵĹĵ֮ԸӾˣΧ׷֮˵ʿҲ͵ϳȥͼֹĽϮΧ֮һ࣬谭˷ӣܷӵ£ĵ͵ѧΪȻԷ˲ɱˣ㶼㲻ĵ֮һʱ󼱡
ǰ׷֮˹ЦٿȻݣȻļƣƴһʢӽƱǣâǰһȦֵĺ´󺺣׷ɣնΪأΪ״ɲʬ
ҶüĿһɵ̾һý
λټң˱ܡ
ʹ׳һʱסͻȻɱŵò֪Ǻá
ڣǱһֱù֮Ͳסʵ޷赲ԷĽϮæߵĻ󺺸ͬʱ书׵Ĵͬʱ뿪֮ˣڶ
һ˲䣬ǰ׷֮ͻֳһĨЦ
һֱŶԷҶٿȻһ
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׷нâǡ

ͬʱһ֮شŽѸ֡
Χǰ׷ʿбһɲǼ⵴ԱԷˣǰ׷֮˲δûȻԾ𣬳¶εĺɱȥ
Ǻɡ
Ҷν֣һԾ𣬷н֮ˡ
ʱС±ϵʯͻȻɳһƣµˣĿǸ󺺱ĺһͬʱ۸˶࣬һȺ֪ߵ޳֮ͽ
ˡ
âһǣȻͬǺһ𣬽˵ĸ־УĽǶʵڵ꣬һ֮˵ӣͻȻת˴ֲǸ׷Ҳһͬ
һ֮󣬳˲۵ңȫ
ͻȻֵҶͻȻתİ׷ӣͻȻֵһŮֳĴ˺ġÿ˵Ĳϣһѻѳ
һʱΪ졭
Ҷֽ˰׷ӵĲϣ׷ӵĳͻȻֵӻȹŮϣӻŮѽֳĴ˺ϡȦĽ˸һгָŰΧȦвԼһˡ
˫۾ʮ˫ϰ˫˫۾ʱȫȦ
ʲʲô


103 Щ
˵ĺ¶ǰʱ򣬳˴˵ĸ֣˶ٿȻһǸ˴ӵĺģֻһʮۣ꣬ݰ׵ģһ˫貣üĴһź춹Сɰ룬ҪһкĴ磬һᱻΪǸСѾͷ˷˴ԼȻһϣ֫ЩήǸ°̱˵СкʱһصСģͨԻƣ͵Ĺϻ̫ͼ˿С˧һ˿ϵľȺĪķŭ
ýסС˧ˣһһӻƳȹ칬СŮСŮϴཱུӤʣֻۣʮͷǸС˧绹ҪСһЩĸߣʮĴߵı˿̱ϵŵѪɫȫޣһɻ
ýСѾͷϵİ׷ӣŷֶԷͲֻǸͶʮ塢ҵӣӢȳһɫʿֻԳɫȵĲ԰ף˫۵񣬿Ĳأһֻκ˵ĺһ㡭
ˣټλҶĸ˾ǱһϵƣƵӾÿеĳ
ĬȫľĬ
ӵʱǹһ͡
Ȼ󣬱
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ѽ£쵰
𶯣ǰѽ¡
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ǹٲ췴𣿡
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ſǸŮ

һүǣǰ˵ĸǣĺһȺܾŹȵҰһҶ˵һ죬ĭ֮⣬Էıȡʨ𹦡Լʶ˲䶼Щģ
ҶٿȻХ
Хס˵Ľ˵ע
һȵؿԳƹٲ꣬벻ԷᣬȻֻǡʱɫ԰ףƴôţͣؿԣƴشǷڣʱܹҵһ㡣
ģͣǺˡ
ȻʱõĳХҶԼԼŪǴȱļȱѪԺϢѣΣŶġŻµ

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СѾͷϵɻأҶ½һȼ
ˣҶϾ˵ţţ˵λȱԼһԼòãҿɡл߼СͯշϽǰɽׯׯϾպġӢ۴ᡯйͬٲǽɱڱղ޹أ˵ȻĹٲͬ췴ϳ͡ҵϣǸСֵǷʾأ
Ҷɫ˲࣬һ˫۾ȻЦӯӯһ۾ܿгɱ
Ǹ˵ĺк˵ͷʾ⣬һ£ΧҶߵĴ˸ֶ˱ʾơ
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ҶٺһЦ˵С̵;ͲҪ˵СץΡ
ңҵϾ飬ŮҽҵμǸƨġӢ۴ᡯô
Ҷֽܲĵˣϲֱºжһ˵ĺûѾͷٷְǿǸг˧ų֣ڱ˼ýס˾ȻҲ֪ڸģǺεȵĵͶ˼ά
Ҷջ̵㵱ǸʲôﰡֻǷ̳ܽôûԵĹŮҲǸʲôӢ
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TMDӱ죬Ұ˭ù㣿Ǹ˵С磬Լ
Ǹ˵СҶ¶һ˿мɫǸӣȻֵˣԼ˵ǱԼĵ뷨С˧ƳһȻýָԼСѾͷȻ˵˽ˮ֮ӣ׽ýɱ֡
Ǹϲű˵棬ŪԷŮǸɱ֡ôҶʵ
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ǰ׷ͻһ࣬ʹϧı˵ϴСˣ˳ڵǬȻǴ˵еġЩ񣬵޶ļ⼸λʿףνɱĳΣųֻڴ˵ġǵȼҵУһҪǧУʬΡ
ǡ׷ɡǬλС۾Сǣ˷ܵ˵ˣˣ˵еһ˧һͷ׷һ㡪˰
Ǭؾߣ˧磬µĳŮӡ
ġ׽ڡǰ׵ڶɣԽ¡
벻СѾͷǸ׷塭˼˵ɶŰ
λϴСҶֵȼ
ڳ˿ѾͷЩԣ棬ֳԼ˵ӺͲΡ
ɽׯڽеĵλһǧɡ
ʣµûбҪˣһԳơ׽ڡǬһǡɽׯϴС㣬һƺһ
Ҷڣ˵λϴСǲСʱԴż˼˵ʲô㶼Ű
ϴСһۣ˵Ƿ˵ġĻҾͲš
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Ҳš
ҶŪɵǵĳ嶯ȴް취


104 Ͷ
ͶľλϴС㡣ĽϵĽ˲ٲĺ
ϾԷϾŮһʲô⣬ҶԽ˼ھӦһ׷Ӵ
ˮһЦ˵׷֪֮꿡ܡ
ҽˮ˱ǡϵġšܶڵطʶƣһ·ֱһǰǸס׷ɱˡ
˵ǡǬṦ߾֮ƾЩèĹܸϣҲû취סְɣ
ˮһЦ˵׷֪֮꿡ܡ
˵˭
Скмȵأˡѷ棡
ߺߣҽ飬ʵʵ˵
㡪ˮһʱʧ
ϴСĳʵһжһᣬλβУһЦ𣬰ѾԻأ׷ԽԽɵ˵
ԣԣԣӣҼҾɽϣβҼ
ҶһʶؿǸˮһۣȻԷҲ˹һͬͷȴҲͬʱ˶Էеİʾ
˺Ƿĳ졭
ǻ֮ơֻҪԷгʱȫ˱ѸٴѹסԷǡǡǬץסԷ֮ˡ
ǺãȻǸᣬǴһ𳷽ʾ⡭ҶЩ˷ܵɤ˵
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Ҷͽˮ°ֻҪѽ£ڵˡ
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ֻҶλϴС㣬ĴһǲԼߵսѣŰԼ뷨£һǵ͹λӦǡɵɱֵʵˡ
Ҷһ˳ɿգȥʱλ׵ϴС㣬ѾԷһϣδأ㱻Է뻳УԼĲϡ
ʽȻʻˣȴӵĴиˡ
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쵰Ȼͷ꣬һɱ㡭
ϴСЩǸողԹô㲻ҵĶְҪҸطѰŴ󴲣ұĹ򣿷ģҲССĴҶ

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ҶٴԭСѾͷô޴ȻЩƺôоԵһƲˡ

һЦгһָˮȵСӣӹһ٣㻹ûץסң֣˵λСǴûʲôֱӵĹϵϾ鰡롭ƺǴ˹ϵйϵôûȤ̸һ̸أ
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ֹͣ˿ЦһЦеȷǸղţλСͯϵһȻסԼһȻԼûзҲԷĲףʵʵ˵λСͯ˵Լ鷳
ĲںλСİȫ
ĸҪȣҲҡϴСҶԼ̬ȫŭ޵˾סԼǰлСͯ
Ѿͷ졪ʱʶ˵ʮջģ˵ԼƲס档
ͷѪֱģȻߵ˼㡣
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ϾŮҵϾȥμǸʲôӢ۴᣿Ҿ͵øϾӣŮ˵ôߺߣɣȫǹƨҶŴ
ôвǣΪʲôҪģɵѾͷʲôϵΪϾ飬Ҿ͵㣬ӲŲ˭ء
һ˵ĸʵڿȥˣߵˮĸǰ˵λлͯǲ̫ˣǲӦøޣ
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ҿ㲻ɱҪɱԡ
˶סˣ񾭲һؿһνҶսǿԣ̶ֳǲеˣ
ΰһֱ侲۲ĽˮһؿҶ˵λ磬˰ɣ
ǿҸʲôҪɱ˵ģֻǲţôһһλ֣᲻ɱλϴС㡭
Ǹ񾭲ҪɱңҵŹġС㼸ԼĶ䡭


105 Թ
С˵㻹ɱңЦˣͲ֯Ϊұ𣿡
ʵ˵ҶǱݲȤһҲȤֻǺߣλͷֻ֣ΪԾɱҡôôҿܺ۸ҺߣҶ뷨ߣѵҾǸôôôŶ뷨ǰڡԺŰѺľϲɱǵʲôƨ£ôӻúúõģû˼ǵңڴκ޾κͰѵһսⲻ֪һսΪɱһġԪ֡ôΪ㡮ľͺţӡԪĶɱ˺üˣTMDƨ
ҶƺԽԽ͵شӻóһ˵ǸϾҼлд͵ģǳг⣬ҿҶַϣĿ֮£ؽ˺룬һ˺ķݣ˷ݣʮݡΪֽм衭
˶ЩɵۣؿλŵСͯǼүױд÷顭
СˣԲǿЦ
ҶһЦڡ֪ҵ̬ڣ֪ҵľˣûɻȥүҲҪڶӾֺֻ
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ڱҶŵˣӲģӲºģ²ҪģҪûƤû񾭲ġ
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ƾթǣҲûĶ֣һʱĻңŶԷ˹ֻˣȻһ취ûУܲɱСɣܵĴ˸ŹԼ
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Ǹӡ
ֿ׼ƿС㣬סҶȻ̾Ṧͷܡ

͵һгҪϴСĴϺһһ˵ϴСԸܷ赲˵ãҲˣݵؽϵͷߣκһɱֵجΣֵʱ򣬾Ҷġָոճͣδ¶ʱ򡭡
һӰһѳش˲֮ϡ
˾㶼һ㶣ԡ
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Ҷȫעؼϣûע⵽Χı仯ڵȴյĽҪֵʱTMDⷢ
Ǹŵü̱ڵصСѾͷһϲĻµѦ磬ҡ
һҶ
ġָҳڣͷء
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ԱһֱĬĽˮһ󼫶ʧİ
ͻȻ˴ӱһ߽ĺףʲôо⡢Ի󡢺䡢Ϣ־塭޴йķŭ
Ҷ˿̱ôָо֯һΨһܱģΡ
ҶΪεصͷ̾ҡҡͷûȤͷ˵һͷ֮޷ԼɳʲôԼֻü쳣侲ʣʡǡɽׯ˶ɵ𣿡
ǰϴСһŭҪǴ˿̻Ю֣ҪҧҶһ
ͬʱҶеϵ΢΢һһɱʹдһŶ̫ˣӦǳ΢Ѫɵĸо
Ǹ˵˵ǰӣӦԼĻʲʺôܿᣬй֮޲
λûǰѽ£ЮֵǡϽĹٲвٲᣬСĳԲ˶ߡһߵĳ̲סѵ
ߣһƨСҲ˵ǸСͯǳˣ˵Ҳøҹӡ
㡪׳ͬʱγУΪԷеĿ
ֱ֣󽫾֣
˵ôѱʲôҡ
Ҷ͵һ㶣ӶԷĻƺЩͬϢǺη˵֮ĻЩСҲ˵ǡĻϲ⡱Ϊ³õҲ˵ǡϦѱʣҪǲ֪ĻֵģǾ˵ڵġ
Էݺܲ򵥡
ҶͷŹ֣֮ɫ֮ɫ͵һ֣֮Ϊԭ˵㲻ܻݺˣΪǣֿԴ󡭡治ףôôģ
Ҷһӣֻʱ棬Ҷһ˲ϳ˱֮ǰڡԶɽھ֡ϷֺźլݺԼǸˡ
ҶϴܴʱԷŸʱȫͬʱȥģҶȫϴ˫۾ģԾ۹⣬ȴһ侲ĸоӡ̡
ԷڿҶ׵ʱЩ΢΢һȻǲסǰ֮ˡһڤ˼֮ͫҲһȻ⡣
Ŷˣԭ㣿ߺߣδꡭ벻㲻û˳ˡ
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۾ӽˮӹǰϣ˵λѣҳɱµͯ㲻ҲӰǵĽװɣϣĪҪС֣Ҫ˺Юֵĺӡ
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ˮˮһ֣Ĵ˸ֺһ½ΧȦУסȦڵˡ
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ˮЦһ˵һҲ˭˭Ҵ˵ĵˣǸǰҴ˵ĹϵΣҵĵˣǾҴ˵ĵˣͬǴ˵ˣҴ˵ѣڶλѲǴ˳ͷвȣҴ˶Դѣ߲嵶ǡñ
ˮСȴ뷨ǸлСͯԼú׽֮⣬ҪڴлԪԣǴóеκһˣǴܵģܹȳСͯݵȨߴߣԴ˵ĺôӲö˵ԣˮɽׯҲԸ˵лԪԣԸʧȥһôҵһĻᡣ


106 Σת
ˮ뷨ûϧȴ֪ǰ˱ݣֻҪ֪һʱҲôױóۡ
ܽˮε뷨Ҷ˵ǰľ滹ûĶ㣬Ҳ̸еĳˡ
һ˵Ҳ㣬ϣܿһ˺λ֮ĶԹΣֻҪҼСû£ڴʱֵİȫõϣպôˣǵ£ڶǡɽׯ˭ǲ˭ͱ뿪
һ䣬ܺһ´һׯͣһᵶལģЩо䣬̫Ѩ߸߹𣬾ּߵĸ֣ĸַκһжǾԵĺս֪ôһ͵ġɽׯ֮С
Ⱥׯһ٣ѵأ˲ѹ˵ĸ֡˵˵ĸˮָӲֵܱļΪ֮⣬ÿһɽׯׯͶʱֳӡ󣬾Ǿһѵء
Ҷ˾Ļɽһڼȵѹš벻ԼˣζԷռһݺһǱ¶ŵɱ⡭ԼڶԷǸ΢С壬ݺɱûһǰĹҰͣƬ̵ĵλС
ӣҶŭķ
һǸʱŭĽһ˷ǳġ
һҪƵôҶŶԷ۾˵
ڱҡ
Ǳ㣿ߣҺѽǵΪΪԴֻʺϸ
ء

һȭҶ˵ڵأľʹҶһȲ²ԼĳǲǶˡ
û򣬾ͼǲסۡ˵Ҫ֪ԼݣûԵĻҪڡ䵭ȴϷŪͬżһСͯУûʸ˵˵꣬һҶظ
ѦĹҲ˵ԼǸʲôСͯлԪԣһֱԼᷳҲǨŭ˵뷨Ὣŭйһ˵ϡֻǰСͯԼĪĻ󣬲ǲ֪ݵĿԴһˣȴһƽȵ̬˽̸۶ԷǺֻⲻ֪𱰵һ㣬Сھ˼ͥѦĹеĲˬ
СͯԼеһ˿в˵ָоһֵģ˵һ˿Ŀ־ĻӦøΪСҲһԸѦĹһɻĸоңѦĹ͢ƽһϽһ̥ëû˾СͯЦ
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˵ڵѦĹѾǰǸȫ侲ԼˣСͯûиԼκʵвѦĹԺʱ޿̲βֻܳԼܲѵĲӬ
ڣȻѦĹеҪɱҶΧĴ˵˾鷢пвСİȫԼֻǲˬСͯδΪ۵ĵز
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Ҷءǰǿͳ̶ͬȼϣԷιûдȻȷʹҲûҶֳôء
ᣬԼֻץסſԷΪʤ
ûбʤĻᣬһҪ̡̣̳
˵ûޣĻݣ˵񣬶Ҳûл㹻ͬ顭
Ҷװظľʹ෭һЦ˿ڴѪĭеζԡ
ֱӵƣֻҪ΢һƢ˱㲻ܡ
ѦĹڱըĵ׵ķתΪŭ˲䱻ȼݺݵһҶѣһŲҪǴһ˿ɼˣ֮ˣԺƬ̻Ǽ֮ѶһҶ࣬ڼ֮ʹ൱Ѫɥʱ䣬ֻΪ˽ϼСȳѡ
ô˵֪ԼϸСͯЩɵĺá
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ҶСĶܿλãѨ˳ԷȻһеģϮɢġ֣еҶáڤ񹦡⣬ҪǶԷԼ߷ɣԼһʽס˶Էһûطȥ
ᣬҶҲ׳ԡϾڤ񹦡˵úã֮ʤңˮ뽭ӣĪ˵ǶԷǱԼۺԼԷ֮ʱԷͬһ㵹ԼľԼľ罭ӣ۲´󺣵ˮ٣
Ҷȵľʱȵľ뿪ԷΧʱ
ҶѪҵüΪˣֻٿչȦ֮󣬱Ѿ˳Ĺ룬Ҷ׼غͻһƣΣյ򡭡
ͻȻһֻ޴ĽƸ˹͵ضҶظ֮ǰ˵һΪ˽ôͻһžΪɱˡ
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һҶͬʱҶ泯죬Ҳÿ˶ԷףǸЮϴСɱ֡
Ҷ˲ԭҪɱԼֻͶԸŴ˵ɱԼһŽԼߵ£˵һɱԼģʵҲȷʵˡ
쵰ԱǸӵĴˮȳ
ڳе˵УҲλܹ˵ͼɡСӣͳԷһ䣬㹻Ұ㵱ˡ
ԽԽĴѾӣҶͻȻ֮Ц˳
һΣɡ
ΣΣΣеĻᣬ᲻ԼȡģҲϵģȻΪֵ޴ٶ͸Լġ
Ȼ㲻;طɡ


107 ߽
ҶϹһסǰأסԷ̤һðϹǰƣء
£ʲô
ͬʱֲδ˶ԷһţǳˡѨץסԷĽףڤ񹦡ԶתһӴкڣҶֻöͬٲֱһһ죬Ѩһ룬ѨڣȻγһ޴УעתΪˡڤ֮Ӵ˲ѨȻеĸѨ桭
Ҷһתơ±ߵĵʹʹಢû˺ƺȴΪк˲ûʹûУ̱°ĭ
˱ͻı仯һϼСһУ͵شܳ˵ĻҪǰ鿴ѦĹܵĴӿǰҶΧڵУǸ뿪֮λĲʵذһϴСȺߵׯͣһȺ˸֣ѦĹ˸ԥ
С֪ͯԼݣ֪֪Լʮ߾ͳ˧ѦĹ֪֮һԵӷڡɽׯֻһͶо㹻ˡ
͢ļƻԲһСͯϡ
ɱɱ˵ĸ֣ҲһҪ
͢ƻıɱֶΣƶƻĸ߲㣬ˣƻУǳ͢ġ͢ξ̼ࡱ߸˾ӣΪΪһƻƻʮǰѾƶϣֿʼãõĸһרѵģɽׯׯֻһ֣һ󲿷ַɢھӪУֹԼƵı߾г׾ǡУֻԴġϾÿһˣǳѡģѡʱǺӡ͢Ҳûһѵҳϵļ
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ѦĹһ֣ΧЩӽڸ֣һ޺ֻ뿴һģﶼűʱԷ֡
ѦĹһϵĺɫȷڵסףҲڼҵĲźá˵ܵùʦּҵСѾͷߣû뵽顣Լ費ǸСѾͷЮ֣ѦĹһʱ䲢ûϾˣһлͯЩ˵ϵԼɻ̫鷳ԿʼʱѦĹֻһԹעϣǸ˵ܹڴ壬ϼС㣬û뵽ȻܿƣǸлСͯϼСЦʲôʤķԼҲðգһϼСʲô⣬Լû취Ͼ齻ûԼүүѦĹŻԽ⣬ֻû뵽ǸлСͯԼĹʳ𣬺Ǻǣԩ·խȻԷϳԼΡ
ѦĹתؼûУֻҪǸСͯһ죬ԼļƻټвΪ˱֤һʧ뽫ڳ˶£һʣ
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ֻǼʱ䣬Ҷڵɣ޿ɱģڵľִﵽ˱͵״̬һС๦ļСҲעˡڤҶСڤ񹦡ʱĸתС๦Ȼȫ͵ȥͻƽѨáС๦ɡ
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ޱ๦ֻǼӹ̾Ͷȣþȶ߻ħͻƾʱ򣬡ƻõ޴һͻͣͲǰľΪ
ԼڱʮޱȫǾʦ̫͸Լ̺ԼңԼĳֻƿЩޱԼ˲Ԫ
ҶɲɵӣòŰϺþƳɿõǩӣͻơ족绹ȲĺãʵԼĵӣͬʱԼһľѧ˵ͻơ족ôѣҲֻڲ롰족ʱڣԣЩġޱҶֻͻʱһá
ȥƻҲòȥҶڶޱͨĹ䣬øӵ̺棬̺Ҳȵƻ֮ʱõҲԽ
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ܸ¡ǵβ̫ˮһأŲߣָоǿңҲͷֻǳһӦ˽о
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ҶһΧΧ˸ˮйͨԭֻаʮ˵ׯͣʱٶˣѾԶԶ˼


108 ʹϵ
ԶƺһǸɶ۲ݣҲ֪˵Щʲô
һΧĽաŶյģȻžǴɱ
һ¶ԷĸܣŴһ¶Է뷨ƺԼβ̫
Լ֪˶ԷݣԼ뿪ɻöԷļƻʧܵΣգԼ޷뿪ˡȻԷ۵Ľ㣬ǲŴһ˵ȣһͬˡ
ϧӸһӪİȻܲǸˣԷŸɵԼΪĴ󲿷ֻļƻԼҪɵԷȴΪԷԼҵ¹ܶԷǲǹģԷݺԼֵ֮ԼһҪ
ƿ˲ƿ߲˰߳ŭˡˮ궯̫ѨЩĵ˵
ѵʱ򶨣СǸš
ģֵܣһᣬҲöԷǣпׯٳԺȣô˽ȥˣһ¡
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ˮ˲ɫ࣬˰Ū켶ѧȥҪУҲءţˮɫ͵رѪ죬Щ׷ʣףУ
Ȼˣûжʲôûк켶ѧǶĳȼİɡûУƼأûУǴ˺ôҲǸɣ׻Ƽѧûаɣ
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ܴ˶һϧضԼҵǸúӣּߣϧ徹ȻУҶЩŭͷߺޡ
Ҷӱӣ벻Сƽʱֵǿƣ˽ȴôԱҲǣСС;Ͳ·˭ǲܽܵʵ
٣ΣֻϲѧֻҪûĶϲûк켶Ǿõͼ붼Ӧ̼ϵѧһ켶ѧʮȼѧһȼѧʮƼѧԴƣռû̼ϵѧˡӮˣҸһ켶ѧӮˣǷҡ㡭һǷʮ̼ѧŶɵͼѧø߼ѧ桭ڴѵķϣԷڸȻϢҪġϢ㷨ǡ
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Ĺ㲻ҪˣѾϢ˵лԪѾǱ˲ֳ֧ľģȻûֱӴӦΪǵӦǣѾת䣬Գȫʧ͸ʱȥɱĸɻǵļƻ޴Ӱ죬ȫûбҪ
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ǵģİлԪԲˣҲֻǰգ˵ȫȷջǰÿ˶пܳԼ˸ֻǿԷ۵ĸߵζѡ
ɹлԪȫԳƺֵ࣬Ҫȸų͢ƽѵĹʹöࡣ
ϾҶô
Ͼ鲻ҡֻóĬԼĲѦĹľٶѾ
ѦĹЦЦ֣Ҫ
һȡǱߵǸСͯһҡеһɫᣬǱߺ˭ʶ⣿ʶҪҪ̸̸
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ѦĹ»ӵһӾͱԱߵϾסˡ
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ϾҡҡͷʾѦĹĪҪ
Ͼ鵱ȻϳǸᣬ˾߼֮̽ȷݵֻǣСҲ̫ˣôָ߼ݡ
ԼȻ˾֮ˣʦҲӴЩ˾еĸ֣ѦĹС㱻ɵ˱߽Ȼ֪ơЩǳ͢ܣѦĹٸߣҲضеܽӴ̽Բ塣
Է˾̽ǾͺðˣԼô˵
ֻǶԷݣȴҲܽƣӦʦǡ
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ʲôֲ˾ݼʮԽԽãõˡ
ڣ졭ˣϽׯ
Ǵ˵ˡ

ѦĹ߹Ҷһתȥ
ׯׯһҡ
Ͼ鿴СͯȴĽпڣЩײ࣬Ц
λֵίˡ֪ɷ񡭡ϾһָҶ˼ԡ
Ŷ뿴
Ͼӹһ֮̽ɻؿҶһۣζԣʵ⡪ģ
ҶһЦȻȻǣҼҴ˵ģңΪж㣬ҵʱһݣҵ֯


109 ù
ǵ֪ҵ
Ͼһ䣬ƺʶ⣬Ҷȴⱳԡ
ҲʮɵرҼҴ˲ֻ֪С֮ǰղλ̨λ̨Բ˾ҼҴ˾Ӧг͢⸽Ҳ˳ҵԱٴλ̨ʱ򣬳ʾһ£ʹϵ
Ϊβֱó
˶ӣֱӵó
ֵó
Ҷ˫һ̯ε¼˵ׯ־Ҳˣ˼ɣ¾ûٰӳˡ
Ͼ˵ͷ˵ǣҴǣ
͢ξһ񲶡۽񡯻
Ͼһ˵ûֻص˾ϳǣ
лС
Ͼһ㶣ٿȻһЦͷʦ˵ûֻͦܶġ
̸нͨԼ˵ȷϣΪƻܹ˳ʵʩһ˱ˡɽׯֱպġӢ۴ᡱſ뿪Ȼ˵ĿҲ˵ɽׯˡͬʱΪɽׯڴ˲λӢȥ硣
Ҫļ˱뵽˱ׯɽµһׯ԰ٰʮ˶õõĴƴ̺ţͨߵҲؽְţƽˮЩͷԵǺεرȽ顣
Ȼ֮ǰҶģҲнɽׯ飬Ըһ£Ⱦһˡ
˵˧磬ֻˣûɵ̾ϢǿȻܹܴ˵ȵʹ࡭ĺҲͷˡͨˮ˵ĽҶ֪׼ͷѺһ˺ĹǰƶǡۡĿ̻ɽׯˮ
һɽˮȥ
㣬һɽ֮ǰһݳˮɽһЩǡɽׯĺլһٲб¡СҲǧ
¥һ̨Ƭ
ƾǰķ羰ɾһ㣡
ˮ΢΢رݣ潨ŹˮȣнԴԣ۷Ž⣬ǸǰƬʱֵʱڣͤͤǧ䣬¶飬ܰǣ
Զɽ͵֣ϰͱ̦޺ɽȾ˴ɫȴ滨ݣľ֣޷ƣɫӳü
ӭ˫ۣɽӳϴ΢΢΢㡭ƶ˷һ㣬
һҶûͷҲȻ뵽˭ˡ
һ̾Ϣ֮һ𣬵ȻǱǿɽׯȴѵһȻڴ˵ͣһ뷨Ը𽭺ϵĶԹԹ
ֵССͣο˱̾ֵǻδжʱ뷨ЩЩźءպĽϣû˽˴׿⽭Ҫѷɫء
ô룿
ȷʵˡ
ˮһ󼤶Լ˫ȣȴһ̾ϢʧһЦ˵Һγǻ־Ϊ²ֻ߲ŵõһǳܱ⣬Ҳܽ׵Ĵҵû뵽ֻһͲǰǿ֮꣬ռȻֻ˵У԰ٵ֮ѧ񲻳ıƣǸСѾͷ˵ҡԶ١Ӣۡ˵öԣǸӢۻǸзأ
һ紵ˮǰĳ۽ǴһĨ⡭
ӣƺǿʵĴĺܰ
Ͼľ»øӵͳԣҶǵѡתƻ⡣
ǴôһȻˣҲǸѲȷκ˵ôҿ˵Լ֯Ŷ
Ҿʹֽţ֤ӲˮȻôʺк⣬ȴӡҲѹ֣˭ͻȻôһעܿġ
òôݰɡи飬а취ϵһ书֤ϺͷЩ֮⣬汣֤ϺҪ࣬ʡӽôϾץס˵Ҳǳ˴ģȨѵѵ
Ȼû⡣ˮЩм˵ϾҪûСʤİæȫпܱѣĽթҪܻʵˡСʤҴµĴˣҶҪ𡭡˵ϣһ֮
ҶæʾⲻˡԼһӵ˼ȻԸ˿ôһȻֿ⣬ԼҪ磬׷ŹˣֻԼո޷ٴνȻھŽȥǸùɾ
֮ǰһ֮յùķ֮һǲǾʱĳ㹻Ҷ컯ڵľ硣
ڤ񹦡ȡȡһ֣һ֣й޾̱ڤ֮޽ɸǧ֮
Ȼǡ۷Ϊ֮ڤвٵĲ࣬û취11תȫչɡڤҲֻǹڵΪҲܵ죬ֻǰ˵ľģҶϰС๦Զȳ˻Сʮ칬ʮȻѨ׳ɡڤɡģ칬ѨȻܹ㹻ȫ֮ҶҲܹ컯ڶѣҪͬȼ֣屶ҵ
ǵù꣬Ҷһ󣬼㲻Ӧ磬ԼҲʮشԼʱҲܽȣû취ȵԼܹٴӦʱĳ뾡УʱޱҪԱ˳
Դˡޱ֮ЩӦõµĴطȽЩӦõʱ١ƻȻģҲõòװ˷ѵ⡣
ǿϧҪЩʱˡޱ˵ͿǸϽĹͷһ·
㶨ֻù⣬ھܸܲټһЩϵңԼҲϲ˵侲߾Сͬ־ġ
ĬƬ̣ҶˣͷЦ´֮ͨ᪻ҿһô
ˮǿջЦ˵ûõģ̥ëҽһ˿ҽ˫ȣ˵ҼήݺԣԻʮ꣬ҽʮ꣬вʮʱˡ
ĸӹҽ˵ģ
ҽܹܡ桭
ţˣҧԼͷҶ򶨣ӵ˵һĴô֪棬ҲĲ֢Ҫ켶أƾʲôβñ˵Ǿ֢ˣ
ˮ΢΢һЦû硣


110 ̸̨
û˵ǲľֻ֢κõڿ̡ȣҪԼϰһӵСԵĹȻֹ̫ϡ٣˶ΣһšľԵĹҲԴջľ괺ЩľԹһ˿ֻҪܽ£Ϳвġѹסڵġһϰ๦˹ͨһļκҵĲһҲһ·ȥӳ
ܺðʲôüģҶ˫һţϣ̽ӣƾˮɽ罫ͷʪȴǴˬ졭
ˮĽؿҶﵴȥˣ͵ĸԸΪһз϶ͯԼԪǿǻԼɼ˺̺żΪǿҵϢԵڲͣҲӻѣûа취ҸǧࡢѰٵһŻƼǺСľԵڹķǸҶõģѧ츳ߣϣͻơ졯ȴΪңʮδдΪĹȣнΣաΪŮȴ˲Т۸ˡ
Ҷһ˵ΪҶĲֵĺ棬һίʵѰһơʵڲУҲģԪκĲ
ˮӸ¥ȥ죿ôĿ
δȵ㲽죬ҾһغˡˮҡͷЦǸҶ˼ֱ棬û˵֮Ļ
Ҷ֪ܵһЦţɫһôδй϶ش𸴵ģڣ϶ܻ졪
ţһԾ£֣ҶЦԺñҽ̽һĲɡ
ˮʧһЦСͯļ֣ʮΣҲʲô˺ĺİɡ
˫һ̯ʾҶʱԶˣ˵д⣬εУزסԼʡСӣܹվܳΪԵŮӵԹС
Ҷǰȸ߸˧Ҳʺ޵˼ĽǾеģԷַ˴׿ķҶһʱΪۣøģνʶЩȫ
̬˵˾ͽгĸ
Ҷνһŵ˵ѣܱ߶һԹĴɧČ˿ѣҪǿö࡭
̽뽭ˮڣ̽Ѱζή󣬵ȵ̽ʮ̽뽭ˮ֫ʱ͵شһһҶġڤӴһ໥һ棬ˮ弤شһһر鿴ҶΪ̽ʱ򣬴ûйָоһɿ࿹ĵ񣬶һãеġҪڹγɵǿࡣ
ͬһʱ䣬ȲѵĻҶüͷһ壬̽һ֮ѿڲԹԣǡڤ
ˮһץסҶ֣׷ʵ㣬㡭֪̽óнİ취
Ҷ𲻾ǰλ龰벻ôһܴħֺĻߡͻȻһ˿ֵЦݣ˧磬ȷǡڤħ̵ĹҲ֮ǰһߡڤˣ˵ĲͬǲˡڤȻڵֺ󣬵ʱж̣δھɲת˺ڵʱ̫ԾĳɳӰ޴󣬾ľҲԭҪʱĵǡ˵Ǵ̥ģ
ˮɫһ˵ﻳҵʱ򣬱˴һƣǿ֮󣬱ȥˡҲë˵⡾ڤħ̵Ĺô£
ҶЦЦ˵ҵ΢Щ˽⣬ǰҪˡԶˣа취ħĵҪյʱ䣬յĹҵ𣬲ȡһʱûа취
úúãûϵֻҪܸԴãֻҪҶҸױɼУܽ죬Ҿлػˡ
˶ˣû͵ӣ뵽˺ôʩ
Ը˺£ĪҪ߶ţɾһĻУΪˮڵħ
ʱһζҶչ
ˮ廹̫ˣû취ʱƣ΢Щˣ⻹ǵҹעƻСҶС๦ƾ΢ϸԵʣűȳ˶˹˰ʱ
ΪβϰŻƼŹԼѹڵˡ
ֺγ룬ֻŹޡʮеġ̫׾͡Ϊϧ̱֫ٶ£Убɽ֪ȡ֮ء
ʲôŹȻؼôøҿ
Ҷ˵д⣬ʵȴ˽ɣһ͹ܱҪܵĹؼġ
ˮȴҶж಻ͬ˼ҪһǰСͯںһŻƼѧǷѵк켶ѧɣϸ뵱˵һźһţλүûһȻ̱أǹһĻɵýˮš
˵ǰСͯ޷˵Լڻ۶ġڤЧԼԸоٲ֮ǰĺ֪΢΢ȣֱ仯ϲֻҪԷܹԼһŻƼѧʲô
뵽˴ˮɱһЦ󷽷شӻͳһɫƤѧؼݸҶ
ľԪ
ŻƼ֡Щǲϵѧʵ̫ˣֱӸոľ֮Ĺƣ̫ͬѧأÿѧƶŪô£̫Ԫ񹦡ޱľԪ¿һ۾ܼסֲɡ¡Ƶء
öЩ²ۣҶֱӴؼͬʱ򿪡ŋ翸¼ѧ
ԭѧؼ¼Ϊ٣һҶֻһλƼѧһ60ܵ㣬ΪŹС湦Чس̶Ҫ֮ǰлӰõĻƼڹķķ
ȻˣǡķҲǲףλݵԺҴɣҴӵܴԴҪȥġĴԺ֮һлԪԱԺеĸ߲ܹıѧŹ⡣
Ҷ¼ˡľԪ֮󣬲û黹ˮüͷڹҪּԼѧҽѧáŋ翸󡱷ѧȻһ֮Ҷ˽


111 
ֵܣһ⣬һҪʵʵ˵
ʣҶʵ棬
ǺǣʲôΪѵ飬ˡֻ̽ѯһǸĲйص顭
ҵĲ
ֵܣڸʱ᲻۵󣬶ҡ٣Щﲻס򡭡
ˮصһ£αһͨ죬ʵ㣬㣬ô֪ģ
Ҷ˻еؼ鶼εû죬ýˮһľǻƼѧĹؼTMD湦㿴ҲŪ˰
֣˵ʵⱾؼʺ
ףΪΡ
Ȿޡ̫׾͡ΪҪΪˮˮƽʱ಻ڻ£ԴʱʣϢȴк桭ΪڵġڤȻΪϡٵġҲΪ߽ȻһһֿҲǵֿѣӰ죬Ȼֺ࣬ࡣ๦ܵ˼ƻۣƵ򼱣ﲻס򣬻ֻ΢֢״ҪΪ𣬶Զһ֮ķΧڣ𺦼󡭡
ˮһ󼱣׷ʵҸô죿
Ҷ΢Цʾⲻżؼˮ˵һʱ䣬ҽŹĻԽŹ޾ɡľ̫͡СΪ𡯣ȣ֢ڵáľԪԿڤȻáɽڲ֢ͬʱ֮ڣ˫ȣڵҲΪȡһ˿ϣҲΪȴһ׮¡
Ҷ˵һʱ򣬽ˮѾǼ㵸һϲȴֲŵı飬ƴҶ䣬׷ʵģģ
ַģ˵ȴ֡
ˮСмΪûۣＷңСкҪǿԸԸƸ߰ʵĴұ֮٣Ϊ䣬ȲýӴҶռȻͣʩˮͬʱȫȥƽϵʧأļǿĽˮڷķȫؽҶĺ⣬ǰҶȻֻǸлСͯʵݾ˼򵥣ֻѧר˾һ׻Ƽѧſڴյ·һ㣬˵ʾܸʣ˵ܻСͯĸְֱһʦͷ
ܲύһˮоһ£˫һֳϿҵ˵ŴĴ£ĳŴȣСĪľĺܡŴ粻ԸŴΪֳԵ̷硭
Ҷһ֮´ϲôǰ;Ը⵱ԼֵܣҶܾ
ҶϲЩ׵ͬ˽ύȻͲΪΪǸ߾ָ濰ţܺúպǿжԿ˱Ǽǿ
ʱҪ˽Ҷһӡһҹɽֹһɣ˵ȳоһһ࿹Լֲ͵סįˣԷԸйͬ˵ˣҶύĶǽˮб꣬Ϊ룬ΪЩӵ޵ǱͬʱԣûܵϵӣʱύԶЩѾ͵Ҫ׵Ķࡣ
ЩΪĽҲǲʶֻԽύ˼ҹߡ۽ߣύһ뽭СƨӦܹԼĺôĸǲƽ޹ʸһδСƨֵܵġ
Ҷһץסˮ¶˵ֵܲȳˣϽΪֵܣұزֵֵܹܺͬˡҶһҧһģȻ˫ֵܣǱҪԳһ£˵ȻͬģҲԼֵܣʵҲлͯʵݡ
ˮ΢΢һЦ˵ֶֻΣ϶ֻͯڻɡֵֻܻ²
ҶҲ˵СӲǲ²ǲϲ°ɣǸӣϴưɡ⡮ɽׯɱĹٲҲȻˣܸϹϵǰǰϵҲôܲ²
ǴϻۣСЩŪСˡ
ǫ飬ŪСֵԵ̹޻˵޻̸αع˼Է棬ֵ֮仹ŤŤྴģǳˣֵˡ
ѵǡ
ˣԶٲ죬͵
ҶһЦΪѣԼĳ򵥵Ľһýˮ棬̾ѡ
ɽˮɫֵڴ˽ݡ
ˮϲºɽׯˣһ׼˱īֽ⣬¯Ʒֽ鼫ӣں¯˷㣬ѡ˼ʱԡһ׼ʱˮ˻ǰ̾׼ʱж̣ׯء
˵дڻֽ֮ϣ¼üģնͷջֽһѪƣߵףǳˡ
Ŷڡɽׯ壬ׯϾһа׼׵֮Щλ½ֵܡ
λׯǸ֮ˣֻһ㣬ֵԼǺޡˮ֪ŪһȣƵأҡҡȥ
˳ˮѣα⡭ߣҽݳġľԪڸ㣬Ϥһ¾еķΪ㻤һ֮
ʹˣ

ʹ׳˵ͱ˻ȥϾдһŽлԪԣ˵ʮϲС̻ͯա
Ҷһ˵˵Ȼһׯ֮ɹ£ЩŹ֡лԪȻӦ÷Щ˺ϾǷһԱԶЩ֣Ҳʱʲôͻһл½ͯѡ
ǻһЩ룬ֽصȴķչ
Ҷݵʱ䣬ĽġľԪ´ڸ˽ˮΪζڹķоڹķ˽ϸһ㡣
ڡľԪԼ¼ŋ翸󡱵ѧҶڲѡѧϰ£ɳ¼ͷϰļܵ㣬ȻһҲֱӱԴﵽյˡ
ŹԽˮĲ֢Ѱĸ߼ѧԽˮԼһֱڹķʮ־ͨȻоı䣬йҪûиı䣬ѧġľҲû˿ı䣬ֻԼϰɵ˹·ߡ
й֮󣬽ˮе⶯ǳپȥ֪ʱԼѾ˼ޣʹȥҲҲͣ
һĺ⣬ȴˬǳǰһӹһȴһƺ«
һɣǹزġơҶط֤
λֵоˮʶˣҲ飬򿪺«죬һˮ¶ǣĹ㣬һһ㻬丹ڣȻըһƶϣʱֵĻ㡢㡢֮ϵӿ
ˬ


112 챦
ȻǺþƣʮʺƽʱСá
ŶԭȾô񫡭ˮһãϵ㡣
ٺ٣һǵһκȾơôоɣ־Ʋÿ˶ܺȵģ˵ƱƷʣǰҶʦִɽɼϵʹƳɵģ͵嶼Ϻš¥ĴұһˮõȪȪˮȪˮǱԴһɸƳġơŨңζҵġŻ¶衯ǾмƷҩɣýء
ˮһˮƣȻһ̾ǷˣֻˮƱ˶ĿҲ˵ľСѾǷ˴ôණƣ治֪αֳǡ
Ҷѽ֮ǰԼøɾڼⶫñ˲һĽˮαɵ˵ܲż֪ͨǲöֶܶԼҲвԸ⡣ҾǸգֻϲһѧô֣ÿﲻиһ似ڹ֮ģֻҪǰˣһȫ㿴ʵġԼˡ㿴ô
Сһ׺ѧ羹Ȼ˼򵥡СЩⲻȥ
ǺǡܣҪأ
ˮǰתΣ֮ǰԶɾһ˵һֱûʣҲһֱû˵ɴ֪ΪҪɱѺô
ѵǽɱɱôҶ²Դ˵Ȥûôǿҡ
ˮҡҡͷ˵ȻϣΪѰɱ˵Ļίʵ뵽ָ֣ɱеκһɱ֯԰쵽ºҲ˶ţԼı־ɱꡣǰɱô򵥡ˮ̾һͷ˼ţ˵ʵѳϱɱҪ
ˮ˵꣬㽫һֱʵɫСĽµ˹
ΪΪһģ
Ҷһؽ˹һ֣һȵı顣
ԭΪСľȻΪأԭΪԵʵһּΪ˹ĹƳɣͭȴͭɫͬʱԵͣΧɽˮͼɽ֮Χһϲһͼϻлϰٸ֣Ϊ׾Ϊء
ǡ
μҶʲôŶˣҲܿƷԶҲСĵĲ֮
СͭġΪأԭѲɿֻ֤ǹıĶ֮չʾĲģܡ
Ҷ¿еȤˣѵʲôԶűصԿ֮Ĳɣ
һͼͼϵλñͼмǸ˵ͨ챦ɣ
ͨ챦ʲô
ܹҶªţʮĵҲһЩţǰһϢĽţûϢԴ֪ʲôͨ챦
ˮɫһ˵ǡͨ챦ֱΪͨ赡ʯħʬ߲ͭ͡󱦲أһ书ɶ£ǹ컯õաܣȥ
ôҶԴ˵еΪ档
֪϶ôԡ챦룬ҲһֱӰ֡
Ϊʲô룬أ
Ϊһ챦ֻչ¶ϵһЩѧûб˿޷֤ʵֻǰǰٷְȷ챦֮һǡʯֱղʥ֮һⷽʥأÿʮڽϳһΣѡʮǱֿܣʯѧһ׸֮⣬Դɽȥ˵Ǹʯ죬ȻߵѧͨĹۿԣȻݻĲ㼶һ̼ѧпܱݵ켶룬˵رΪݡԣĽѧһ⺮վݡĽУǡʯͨĽĽݳĽУֻһнȴɳư½ʮ꣬һ˵ս
Ȼ档챦ʲôأ
һµһŵġ¡ӵеġ߲֮Ե񣬱Ϊѧڶ࣬о󲿷ֶǵĦʲϷӴ½ŷ˵ħħʳΪΨһµıŷġ߲Ħʲˡ¡ǧݻڵõĴ湦ʮڹʮ似ϳһٵ˾ųµһ˵ÿһžǻƼѧŸδּĽѧڡ¡Ϊڶɮ򡣡
Ҷֻú٣鼤ѣͺ·̯˸ȴĳԸǵľAVһ˷ܡ
ǣǡʲô
ˮ˹üǣ룬˵ʵûг֣ǳڴŵС
ףҶ˿Сģһ£ʵ˵ģô
ˮҡͷһΪ£Ǳǡͨ赡
ͨ赣
дǱɿʦ˵õħ֮һġ̫Ԫ񹦡񽣽󽣷㶼Ǻ켶ѧ̫Ԫ񹦡ϼѧҪ֪һħ񹦡չħ䷨ǳڡ߲ϧһֱδ֤ʵֱһϦҲԶ˴ţ֮ҲûСͨ赡ˡдԣǸɵһսΪǡͨ赡ģħ˲УΪ˶ȡΪƻħеĹԴ
ҶʱĵһƬȻЦ⣬ʵЩϢô֪ģ
ǺǣǴ˱ˣ治֪Ķࡣԭ򣬻ΪСģΪ漰һ챦ͭҲռЩ챦ϣƶϣЩȫҥԣֻЩҥΪҲƶˡ
ҶһŶһ벻ʦžȻΪδδʦ˵£ѵʦҲ֪£ʦδнܸԼĴ㣿
ʦͻѣʦʱҲŶʮͷȻѾ״֮һȴΪԭδģԲ֪ôصĴҲǼпܵġ
ʦŵĸһҪԭΪ⡰ͨ赡ĻħžʮֿˣϾ׳˵ħžǵһҪһĳɵĵˡ
Ҷ˳˼ǱߵĽˮȴּ˵챦Խ˾޴Ӱ죬챦ħʬͭ͡һħŵһصӰ٣һС֮ϡ


113 ͭ
ҶϸеСģɻ˵ѵͭڣ⸱ͼôͼӦǵͼӦþǡͭڵصĵòŶԡ
ˮ˵ͷҡҡͷЦȷˣҲô򵥡
ô
ΪҲ
Ҷ΢һüأܷȽ˵һ⡮ͭأ
ˮһͷһ渵
ᵽͭ㲻ܲᡰ
νġݴǧǰնȥһ֡񡱰סĹͭǹȺΪغҪĽղš񡱰ԼԼռĵѧ
񡱰ңһ񻯾֣һִˡʳͳ½ΪһۣҲҪԼ˼۷壬ҪԼǧأԼԼΪ
ǣ񡱰ҶȫµΪԼ칬µͭͭߴ׵ġͭݴ˵ͭͨͭ죬ʮ߽ףԲƽףΪΰۻ롣
ͭȫݵķǮֻõͭ㽫Ϊļͭ˸ɾΪͭ㣬ͨĴսǿСԳķʽױܱͭҪ֪ѧؼء
书ư£ѹ꣬䡰ա֮󣬱ѹȵʿͬˣͬƷˡʳ
£һϦ֮䷴
ֻʣΰġûбơȺڴˡ
ùƣʱλǼƸָ߳ײߣ˵ͬˡĺӵ̣ýˮࡰ̱ˡķʮˮ֮УǡʳĵڶλʵۣҲˮС
ΰġһƬ֮Уʣͭڸɽ֮϶⡣Ҵİ˲С˸ٴڸе£˵ȼɽеĻҩȻ֮䣬ɽͬǧָһͬҷ𣬡ͭҲ֮ʧ
һۣ־Ӣʧ̩룬ѧû˴У˶ʱеʮɣܴأڸּȫ˺󲻾ãڸ֮УʮʮȥȻһɡ֮⣬ĸ˱ȫʧӴ˾֡ʮУࡰ¡ŵǿάʮɵĩβǧĻۣ»ع顰һɡλ
ǳֺƽ٣¸־ɥ񹦾ʧֵʴ󻬣ٶδֹ龳ϵĸָ֡ڴʱ־ݣ½Ķҡ
̳ͭͬһͬڵ񹦾챦һͬʧʷ֮Уš
˵˴Ҷ˾㶼ǳ̾һпĶࡣ
ˮ˵ǧǰ񣬼ÿд˵ҵˡűͭϧնһ־硣⡮ͭġҲȷԶĹһģĳҲݡ
ǡ
Ŷڵ̸ƷԤ۸ʦ׳ƶ幫
ŶԭĹרҰ
Ҳ˵ҲСǷǡͭඣ
ˮʼ磬صǵġķѳϾɳȥ̽챦ŵ֮һĸˣȫԷȻ֪ӵơͭŹ±ʶʾ棬ȻҲ²ҪΪ̽ǵķӦǴʱ½С΢ԥԥ˵йΪΪȥԹ֪öԷȷǲ´󣬴ģλεȥŪ˾֪ǷỳǷӵдߺߣġݾߡҵġ˭Ϳ˭ֶθ˭ָԥ
һԷΪûСͭҲװְɣϾһС
ȻˣҲòôǱԷȷ˻᲻ϧһдɱǣʱȫ˶иΣÿ˶ܻԷȷĻǻǰֻ֣ΪԼ±𣬵ζʧĴС޹˼ɵͶȫҵĿġ
ô㣬Ҳûڴƽ¡Ϊֿеһ㽭ˮЩɱֵһҪ֮ĽɫҲδϵһ㣬ѵѵԼһĻô̫޴ˣ
ˮͷشһ´ȣ˵ԭһˣΪȡһᣬϧҾȻվϣλĸأҶҪþνĺڵһɱ֯ס
ܷģдڣԻһ֮ġ
ˣˮһ󼱣æ͵Сܸ˵ЩҪƴ󣬴֡СֻҪ⡮ͭġи磬ղأӹҴˣҲò
ΪβҽȥѪ֮أ
֪Ǽĸ洫֮ഫĸУҸԣĸһֱ䱦߰벽ֱ֮󣬷Ž˹ϵǰʹܽˡֵܣǲͬղشҳӣȹѹأһͬаؿɺã
ŽˮᶨִֹҶε̾һĬĬͷˮһĵģ˵ҿʱţһҪܡȻСһŪæңҪǶ֣϶㸸ԳҲֲʲôôȥ˼һһƹۣҼʦʦֵϲ򱧲ƽˣҲϲӢܣ¾ҵ£ҵ¾ɵ£ǳ֣ĳҲ
ʲʲô磬ⲻǸʦҳôרǸԼʦµİûôɵͽɣ
ҶЦ˵û£û£ǼϵһɽеİܣҸҵǿһء
ҶЦ˽ȴž졣
ʦŵ鷳һνʭӶ˲ծ˲ƹۣССʵ˼ҵһָͷжԵǲȭͷƹ۲ԴУԼһ˺ЩܹһԸ˵ĺѣҲ԰Լʵ߬һȭͷأδҲŽһΪʲôأҶ֮Ϊʮʵ⣬˵ĳ⡣
ͬ˽ͬˣôֽ׶ΣƹӪҪ˷ֳɵسУħ̣ɱ֯
ʦҶ֪ǸɵӦǽյĴɣҲڵİ׵ɣ˵֪֪ƹ۱֪Ҫ֣Ҳħ̺ɱ֯Ϊֻ̫֯ҪһմԶŪð׵ɶһǣ
ɫشɱ֯ҪĿԴʵǺڵͬģħǺڰӴɱ֯ٶҲħϣڸ׵Ҳˣ˵вٵİ׵Ҳɱ֯Ƕ˽ģϸУĿԴڵͲԸˣΪɱ֯ǸӴ򽻵ģ˭ҲŲһɱ֯Լϰ׵һˣǾɵˡֻҪɱ֯Ŀŵظ׵ɺҲζɱ֯ɢﲻԶˣ
ħ̾͸ˣһֻ˭˭ģħӴ󣬶Ը˭ҲòҾȱ˭˳ۣǼµĳжһඡ
Ȼ˵û취ŽһԼ⼸Žһ飬ɶĸֶ˼ʤ㡭
˷ֱҷϱһƱƣʤࡣھʷϣĵսʤö٣ҶǸʷѧңҲǸѧңζҶ㲻ļı
ԣҶ£ˮ֮٣޴ʵĶ࿼ҶԼʦ˵ڱף׬
ܣһһѯܲҪ֡
ʡ
֪ô˵ͭǷйأ
ˮʧɫ˵ãŻ˵Ϊʲôû뵽Ҳĸ׵СĪĹºҪһʸ״ˡ
ҶοĽˮļҪο䣬ͻȻһһ˵ĸֽǰ˵λӣɽׯ˷ׯ֮ǰλǰȥ硭
Ҷ˶һۣһ֣֪Էڵ̯ƵʱˡҶȲҪ⳯͢صļƻִʲôϡ


114 źҹ
ǰɽׯ·ҶŽˮ˵ĸ֣һ·ָᰣʮд⡣
е˸֣ǽḻĽɫ书Ҳףǽˮĸ׽԰ڽˮߵ棬һΪ˱ˮİȫһҲΪֲˮĲ㡭
ˮһأǴ˵ҪϣҲ˴ߡ
ǸϾݵҶŽˮҲ壬ղףóһ׵ѨͬʱǸͨСĽࣻһСƣεһͽܣ֣һѳɫĵӧӭչòãݡ
ϵúɽ֮תͤľӳУӭһֱɽԶԶԺ󷽣һٲɽ֮γһɽ֮
ɽĲǸٲһ࣬һСٲˮԴͬΪһˮֶνɽˮٲ
ǰϸ֮£ִӽ¿ʼһֱǧ׾֮⣬Ȼͬһľ޴ʯ֮ϣСʯġǰԺðˮֻƽЩɳʯ񰼴Ϊ⡰ɽׯôֱʣȻʯݺˮͷԲĶ˹ˮǳֻףˮûһࡣˮ峺ףǳ׷Ϸ
ĴƬʯ֮أԾں֮ϣ纣ɵݺĶм¾ɵС¥ᣬһԱҲӹţں棬ˮ졢֡ߺ¥̺滨ݡӵĸء
Ҷˣǰɽׯ֮ϲʱּɾֱȻ벻ϳ⾹ʤ֮̾Ϊֹ֪ˣɴ֮ɼɽׯϾȴǳ׵ˡ
ʯϵĵ£ɽٲɽ£ɽˮ滨ݣᷭԵȻƣӹţۣͨĵСʹ뵽ϣ˼ɡ
ϳţһͼ֮Уˮޣʯ̨ϵ̨ͤ¥ɽɫӳСˮӳ֦Ҷ֮У̲Ѥˡһ־Сͤһ¥ǰĿյͣ粴ȻÿͲֹǼ
Ҷ˵ָ¥ǰһ¥ӯӯ֣ʩѾʼлδѹʱλСһͬ硭
еǸ˾æݹȥһӣʮЦλСﻹһ£һ·ͬϯĹЩأ
С澻æܾɽׯйأū澲ܴū澵֪λĹ
ﲻߴͽ̣ҵȽȥʧ
šλ֮⣬ķʿˣһ˫ɽ¹派̨ɽλǻɽĪҰ뼰ѣһʿˡū澲֪ˡ
˵֮ӯӯһ񣬱·ȥ
Ҷ֮оĪҰˣɵЦԵ벻ﻹˡ
ˮ֮ҶȻһһ
һߣ֮æع֪ҶݲͬҲӣֱ˵֮ˣɢĪҰ֮⣬ϵĺͣҽ֮µҲһԥһ١
ˮ¶֮ɫʵ嵫ǣֱ˵
æӦǣ派֪ζ̨ɽļΪ
Ҷ뽭ˮٿȻӣ־ɫæ׷кθݡ
˼˵ûκθݣֻƶϳġ֮ǰڼֵ׷̨ɽʧȥټýֵܣʧ٣ʬ޴桭ʱֵܲ²⣬̨ɽǷĹ֪ղ²⣬㵱ĶǼʧٵĵ֣ǵĶˡ
ҶɫأҶĬƬ̣˵ԼǣⲢƾղ²⣬ʵ԰˾Ųʮץһյʱ䣬˱ܹβ˵Ѿڸп˫ԼڸϣδڶʹΧ̶ס
ˮͷǣҶĬȻһۣоζԡ
Ȼ޺ۣǶ㲻˵ģˮڣваɡ
УĪҰ뵹ʶˣ֮Ǻأѵľϲ˵еһԴӰѱκ޾λ֮һֱû˼ѵᵽ˰ݻϾ飿
ԼϾɽׯ֮󣬼Ȳ֮ˣҲԼɽȥֻ֪к⡣ᣬ֮ˣ߰㣬˿ͷѵֻǼ·ݻɱɽׯһͬ룬һͨĿô
ǻɻ;裬һ·ǰУһ㵽
ҶĿһ档
װεøڷԣˮڣ˵ģڴоȻһ͸ǰ鰫齷룬֮˷·ڴȻһ㡣
µһ࣬һ޴紦ˮīɽˮл̴̶Ůױ֮ˣ󱡲ʣŵݣǡݵس˴˵Ĳʡ
֮£һ˿ľϰһ٣ǰһɽͭ¯¯Ϻõϸϸ
ʱ鰫ˣÿ˲ȣʮ̸ۣʮ֡
ȵҶ߽ʱ˵Ŀⶼת˹ڱΪҵչ
Ҷͷ߽ڣδüĶˣʱӭڵסߡ
һ鵱Ȼйһ֮ԵĪҰ룬ԸˣһŮоȻгսŵλ࣬һһŮδģƺһá
洺ӭ֮УһӭҲЦݣҶͷˡΪԵˣغɫƤ¶ľἡ⣬ŹĻƣֻЩƿӵϸСЩƺˣֻջСЩװεã֮ǰˣȫǻƣҼסȫݣЩˡһЩ
Ȼ࣬ƺ֮ҲΪϤ
ǻɽһϲЦ⣬ȵϵּˡ̶̼չ򣬾Ȼϵʩչѧץס˽ɱˣǸɧƤ¹ˣϵ֮ܽ٣Ǵģ⡭ҵȰݻׯѵڴϵ˵ʲôҲ㲻ȥˣ룬һݣ


115 
ҶҪǫ䣬û뵽ӹȴһߵˣһͷβñĿֺѮµTMDĪӲ壬һֻԼľƾ֣ҿ˵˵ģҪλɱֲӢۣôµͷ㷴Ժأ
ҶؿһˣתĪҰˣɻʵʣλǡ
ŶĪҰ쳤ЦŶͷҡͷ̾ľϽˣĪҰϵܣΪλľͷľܣϵܻɱֲ֮󣬳ҪʶһԵл
Щ֮дսһ꣬ҼҵСӣʧֱֲɱ֮ӣһֱܵľϲı֣벻վȻϵʰǸˣҴȫ壬лĳ֡
Ҷ˷ŻȻæΪһ߿׵˵Щ֮͡Ӧˡ֮ĳ滰
ԭǰЩνˡս˸翹Ĳ֮⣬ʮСͶ˻㶼ϲ֮أܻıЩԭʼеΪͽһץҪѪŰɱŰ֣Դһʼ֮Ȼͬ壬Թȴڲϵؼ
ЩȻ峤ͳΣֻӳ͢Ĳ⣬Ȩͬʱ֮ͬ䲻Ƶ̣ͨЩһҪЩԣĶ࣬ʮķչԭС䶼ѾչΪ˼Ĳ䡣͢ʩֶΣøغ˿ڣʱգ֮սϣԹˡ
ԭһֱ֮䣬һֱ˿ռ˶ռƣԴЩͶĶ࣬ʮȻʵȲǣսбûӮڹӶһЩߺıԼʿ֮ԽԽߵĶռˡ
ǰλľͷĳսбֲɱⱻҶ˼ҳģͬʱҶֵӣԼÿĲ䶼ƴҶġ
ȻʱЩĲǲǰΪ˸лԼһĸ֡Ҷʱڴоʧ
һг
̸Ӱ켫ΪЩؽЩЩòһ˺ģЩ䡣θϳǣǰݻϾô򵥡пҪƻ֮ˣպġӢ۴ᡱһμõĻᡣ
Ҷ΢ЦһһĴͬʱҲϾ鰲ԼЩĵһ˿˽⡣
Щ˽ӦϾĽΪ˲μӡӢ۴ᡱǵݣҲֻϾ
Ͼͨ÷̿лԪԣ˵ŪŲμӡӢ۴ᡱڻ£Ͼ鲻κϵУҪԭǲ¶лԪ֮Ĺϵ
ҶΪлˣֱлеͷϾӸҶҲ뵱Ȼ顣뼰ԼֻǺٻͷлԪǰûҪķȨʱϾ϶׼ｻԼȻԼǻлԪġһ򵥵ţԻ˵ҲϾܺ˻Щд˾ˡرԼ뷨ֱֱ˵Ρ
˵ԼӦþϾˡ
ĴľȻȺеͷˣڸҶ˹ϵ֮ޱȵΪҶߡλ֡ҶһһǱ˴˼һ棬պˡ
ˣһԵĪҰҲƴڻļ˽ܸˣİ࣬ǶŮȻãǾҼҵĺˣеĽһŮĽٻҼһеĿܣ˴ԶʶԼھϳм棬û뵽һϵеıʣ˷ô̼㶼ͨʶĪҰûûСĿͣΪ֪ͬɽׯҲģӲĪҰǰġҶĴţȻм壬˵İҶʱмֲ޵ı麬棬ҶҡͷʧЦѡ
Ҷڶһһ֮󣬵תҲˮ˽ܸλʿҶĶ֮󣬶һãԷǴ˵֮󣬸Ǿ֮չ¶ţ̬Ҳһ˲øȵĶˡ
˱ϾǹһˮİɣշˮϷ̫ࡣ˶˵Ǽĸȴ۷ʸѡǹλھϲһΣ˵һˮ·ͨˡͨˮ·صزһ·ϣȻˮ·ֱӽ뾣ݣʱǱݣǶȥݣǶǻļȷȥ巷زƷһӱʮ
֪˽ˮ֮һ˫˵ע⣬ʱ䣬ˮеҪλȻгԽҶơϾЩ˵ҶϵأȲϽˮΪʵʵĺô
Ҷּɣһ·˵Ц˹ھϯ֮䡣
һᣬĶడ
ء
һ޴˹̵ظĪҰ˵ҶҲһ
һҰ˹
ߣׯʵʱ࣬ȻΪ˵СһƨͯūһһҪĲзϣҲ֪ĸİɡ˵ȻҲڴ˿յȣʵķ
䡪
ͥһţǰİŷɣϵĹƷˮһأŵ˼㡣
ҶüĿһһɱȻΪԼ裬Ǿ䡰ҪĲзϡҶ̵ı㡣
ˮԸУǿһʲҶ֣˼ϸ壬Ȼ˼ҵܵܣά֮ıȻݲñ˺֮ˣһ䡰зϡǵҶĵߡ
䶷ƵҶɱأǿ֮һ֮㴥Ҷڵɱġ
̧һۣҶע⵽߷Ǳߵļˡ
ǱǶ·һĸˣȫɽҰװֿ񲻿עǵ֮ڳ˵ľ׳ֻϸƤ쳣Ľ⣬ÿһάɼֶо˵ıըɲ²˶ϰرƫضԼĿƣΪף䵱һ󺺣ɽΡ룬ǿĪҰ뻹Ҫ߳һͷִ󣬳磬ͷϵƤƳɵķǴֺᣬۺߣŹĻɫƻɫòΰɢа˵


116 ǿ
ʿǿ׺֮վԱߣʱȥ
ʱλһ¹ƤƴʹžˮƤûƳһ£ƺǰ֮޸ϵһ㡣
Ǹ߷齵ģȴ׳֮Եʿ֮һ
ͷ֮ˣϣҲһٰʮϵߣֻΪ׳˿ŲǺųģ׳ӶʵҰ㣬ɱڣһɺ¶ݵĺɫ˲Сֻǿ֪ͣǸǿ֮ˡ
ˡҶδԣȷŭģȴһԵĻɽĪҰ룬Ҷ֪Էæе⼸˵ݣļˣҲҼֵܣòͷˣǼ⣬ҲøĪҰ뼸ֱ棬øׯһӡݵ񣿡
ǼֱɴһȻЦ̬֣߷齵Ĵ׳ָĪҰȵ˭ҪӣҼ棿ĪҰҼһԵҰƥƾʲôҼҪӣò֪ߡ
㡪
ĪҰƿͣʵֻΪѣСڣΪ˼֪Щ֮⼸ֱҰ˼䣬Ȼ˵һӱҪ֡
༸˻æλ챿ƢĿסһŭ֮ǲǵ鷳
棬ǳʮĸ֣ݼΪ֮һԼΪ̣һţڵɣȻ֮࣬ͽֶΣ쳣óһ񹦣֮Ƶһ
ĪҰϲڽѣΪѵʿǿ֮ˣ书߾²ֶΣǳսŵտն׵
ЩĴҰˣһĪҰ뱻סӿشЦˡ
Ҷղú裬öˣվĮȻ˵úõһᣬҰͣܣ֪Ȳ֪Ұδô
ˮЦһϵʵ֪Ǵδأ
Ҷ˫ζǴ׳󺺣¶֮ɫ˵ȻǰƤ֮¹ඡ
TMD
Ǵ׳Ŀ࣬ˣﱻӹҰҪӶԷһˡ
Ҷ˫ת׼ڼ
Ǵ׳󺺸ףͬһҪ
бͻȻһɽׯˣɨ㣬ľȻǰУ˹ҶǴ׳м䣬Ҳ˼ĳͻͣ˶ڵϣʰɢڵϵƺ˼߽ŵգһеģҲ֪侲ľګ
׳һŭߣȵūţһȥ۵ĵطô
һ㶣ЩӲشλүҽ˨ǹūš
˺ȻЦ׷׳ЦĴ󺺣ֱǴ࣬ȻŭūŻ죿˵ˣòʰˡ
ȴǣԹԵʰϵȥ̧Ŵ̴ľİ齡
ҶһֱǸͻȻֵˣǸŨüۣٷ꣬ʮߡӡһͻȻʰ˲ᱻҶעһϸȴҶע⣬εסҶĿ⣬һض˵Ķȷе˵Ƕס˫֡
һ˫쳣ִ֣էЩǹĻߵ֣ȴˣ˫ֲҼΪ䣬һͭľƾһֳָֻۣǾǶԿĵı֡
ƲסԼһĳˣԿ壬ԿƲסԼ֫壬ҲͿƲסԼֻҪָƣָܻĿƣͻȻǣԼӦһʱ֮ԿƣֻҪʱϰӦı仯ԭһϰĳǿѧҪһ׶ΣȻӦһ׶ΣӦвεĳɳԼԼɳһֱڲͣԼӦĳһʱεӣԼֱԿ˫һԼģȻϡ٣ҲǲڣĳЩ²ŸģʳĳӴĳЩпĳЩ䡣ƹеĴ£ڻʱʳĳിأһؾһĺӡ
˻᲻Ҳˣ
˫쳣׳֣ȻϽͼ⣬쳣˶ԼŶͷ𣬿˭ֱϵļͽ͵ģλү˫һڵڵϵ̴ľϣ¶һСֽʺ϶ɵļ֮ʱҶһ϶ǰ˫־˺
벻⡰ɽׯ֮࣬һˣʵ
ҲʱȫֻҶע⵽˵ĲףƬ֮󣬼˶϶ɽׯȴǲԻ
ǸèϷ̴ľ֮ʱһĴ׳͵ǰܣһ̴̤ľ齵롣
ء
ᰫ齱Եһţ׳㹻ʵʵĵ̴ľ߳صģûôΪĿǽŰѹص棬ǲ֪ô˵˫ѹ÷飬ֻһٶ㿴˼ȷ쳣
Ǹ׳󺺣ȻΪҰһ֣ϣһƣһţҪ̤ϣǳõ³
СġҶɵõĳ
̫ˡĪҰŭ
ͬһʱ䣬ڳʿǨŭ˱֮ͬģмĳģתͷȥǹѺҺе
˭֪˷Ӧ˰ģȵԷһ̤ڰ֮ϣŷӦһɴ͵ץе̴ľ齣һɴ˫ʹ͵һ˫־Ȼץסеİ齣δأȻҲ˫ַ³
Ȼ˶ԷЯһţ
Ҷٴζ걨ֵĺ桭
ҡƺղǸ겢Ƕס
ԾĲֹҶڳеĸִʱע⵽˳ϵı仯

һƬ֮
Ķ񺺾ȻˣǾ˵뷨ǸҰ󺺵ͬš
ʱߵģֻһֱע˵ҶǸһֱһеǸΰĴ󺺣һסҰ󺺴һ֮˫͵ųһĨ⣬εضסǸ˫֡
о˵ģĪһ޹ĴҰ󺺣һߺüܵγѪˣͬҲЦȻ˵ƽֹˣʱǰЦڵһǶ⡣


117 ˲ѵ
˫ͨĴҰ󺺣һ˫ڵһ٣ʯһӣһԾ𣬳̴ľȻ䣬һóԼ߳ʵ
ǸҲǸ֣Է̤齣ҲɵƢһ˫͵̴ľ齡
䡪
͵ظеһɴδܹĴϮһŭ˫ȫ
˻һ
˫֮ϵǵļƣ¶쳣׳˫ۣǼûеĴִ󣬶Ǽȵľÿһʮһ˲䣬˫ۼٿȻ͵ԭ࣬Ǿ˵ǴЩ쵱бŷ
Ǵûһ˿һϢСӾȻ˫ۼٴοס˶ԷϮ
ҶһȻһ˲ΪԼķֶ
ˡ
ǴҰ󺺹ȻŭᷢȫͣȻϵ·¶漫Ϊǿ׳͵һһ£ǸҲֵסһٿȻϹȥ
ۿأ˻ץŰ齱ص˫ֱҪѹ÷飬һֻŴԱߵ¡һ̴ľ齺ͰϵĴҰһͬ߷ɡ
ѣ֮ʣһ˴ԱεطסͬʱһֻƵ˺ϣһů͸Ľ壬ů˲αȫϵ۾Ȼɴһɨա
һڶϵ𣺡ûϵˣĪ˵һ԰ɡ
һ˦֮䣬Ƽһȥ󺺵ĻֱһεС
⣬⣬ֻй˲ſĹΰ
žҪ˫ȻһʹͷһһԭԼ˫һƬѪ֮ɫѪˮ䣬һ䵭𣺡ҴȻ㻹ˣĪҪᶯ˻ͷһĿһݼȿε꣬üĴķӡһɰ룬ƾڶĲȡʱ΢΢Щ䵭꿴ֱһۣ˵ղȣֱ۵ľ磬ͬʱ˫۶ԿԷܵ˾Ǳ濴ëϸѪܱô򵥣Ȼ濴ֻǺף±Է˫ֵľҴ˶ԷʱþĪҪ˫ϣɾͱˡ
Ũü۵˴û˵ȷ˳׿˿ԸԼ˵һʱȻŵز֪롣
ͬʱа룺֮ܲ˵˵ôһֻǸ˰
ˮһע⣬ֳһָŻȻղžԼһĶ˻ڳУٿȻתͷһһɫҲǸ߼һӰ㱳ԼվڲԶһֱںߣһųУһ˵Ϣܶļɷһģվ꾹ȻĪشһְȫС
Ǽһ̤ԼֹǵĶ񺺣ͬţǾɱƺȫǰĲߵȫһ㣬ԼֺܸܵѹԼܸܵģֻɢǹƮ鶯̩ȻϢ
ֻƣܴﵽЧ۾ǰıӰɢһĽͳݵĸ飬ָ龹Ȼ֮ǰׯһθҪǿҡ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҷ΢΢ü˿ǰ˵ƣǵͷϸŸոսӴ֮ķ
ֱۼֱ
˫֮УѪ⡢졢Ǿһϰǿʮ˫ֱ۵Ĵڣһ漣
ͺġۡĻҪȡۡҪǿ󡭡
Լûǻ۵ıҪͱ£Ҫ
ֻ꾹Ȼûκεڹķ˫ۣ֣ûκεķֱȻǿһˣҲֻͨǿȫѧ޹ء
ϧôһ񣬾Ȼδĥں˵ûϰڹ
ҶȻĪضϾһԹһ֡һŰԪֽ֧ƱȴǮ˵ɿƨֽһıŭ˿ıŭ
TMDǮҲộɣ
TMDʵҲộ˲Űɣ
TMDǴ˲š
ҶǻʵŭͬʱĪģҶлһϣģ᲻Ͼѹûע⵽Ǳ޴أ᲻һл
Ǻ赣걻ʯΧûʶñ񣬵ʹûʱԼһҪٿʯʰ񣬲ѵģǴʱԼ鲻ʯλ˵ĲԼܱͲŹ˳أ
Ҷʵ׷󣬴ﵽ˷ĵزʵʲôѧҩ챦ҪģԼˣǿԽֱΪõ˲š
ӵгʵ꣬ΪԼһ˾޴һ˲ţԵ֮ʱһֵʤ㡣
ʣһֱǿʦʵҶ˵˲ţοϷŹأ
ҶﻼûʧҲЩʱϲʱŪöԡ
ģСϷŪҵȡ
Ǹ֮ǰ䱻Ҷһ߷ɵĴҰ󺺣Ĳģ˵ӹ˲ʲôƨϾˣȥֶĲӣϵܣ˭ҵȡ
һ˵꣬ϢһҪǰ֡
ס֡һһֱûгΰڳڣʱֹ˴Ұ󺺵Ĺ˫Ŀ޵ƳҶһۣ˵δ񡭡
ڶԷһƳ˲䣬Ҷ͸оԼ߲ס˲һ㣬һ񺮡
ڴʱһˬʵĴЦǹɱ߲סĸоٿȻʧҶɵͷһɣһ
ԷҲһԪԲĸ֣Ҷ˵˸ԼѹԶԶˡϽԼѹ
ܽѧжһ˵ս
Ц֮УɽׯϾ飬һ˵ȴ˳һһЦĳ²λӢ۾úˣԷףϾߵǰͻȻִмһŷİ齺ҲĶɫһʵôһ£
һƺǹģѸߵϾһԴƺ˵˼ʲôϾĿҶһǻȴǸϣһ˿
ҶһãȻϾע⵽ˣԼҪˡ
ֻϾɫһߣȵµūŻѵɣ
ȫͶһʱ棬ôôܼͣνҪܵѵôҶһ֮Ǵϲݰʲô涼ԼĺôֱӸϳɽׯҲźú޹˼ɵ°


118 Ͳ
Ǹ˺æڣڵء
Ͼ鿴Ϊ˨ðѪֱۣԼǹǽڴִ쳣ƣΪǱĸָŪзأŭһж˵ôҲׯ֮ˣ򹷻ҪˣڴΪĺҲūŲ֪ôԼǵġ
Ͼ˵ūţݺ㣬벻ӲȻҹ˵˵ڼδҹˣ
ϾһҶ½˼ΡϾЩ߿أôҲǸ尡ԼٲԣҲӦгˣλ֮ͣ˽ٴЩ°ôܹ˵棬㴦ԼˣԼŪһʶ塢̱ӡأ
ֻǴʱϾҲԼ㣬˾ҲΡ
ԼׯбΣأССɽׯפôĳ֣͢ͼڱ¶һϦ֮䣬ׯͻȻףȻͬʱׯۣϾϸ۲֮£зͬϸӦʱڻ̽ʵвδ־ϽϸͬʱЩҲֻɽׯΧδׯ֪Ӧòࡣ
ǰȴڰǰɽׯһׯϾ伫Ȼɣ̽鶼ûܲʲôǣڴ˵Ҫʱ̣ϾȻû֤ݣҲ϶ʱɽׯȻͼıûϸѯ㰵Դ⽫ͳ
ʱϵ΢ֲܺ˺Ƥʹ˲ͣȻ񣬵Ҳܲ۸֣˫Ȼǳ£δϸϾΪׯΪӻɣּ˴˴¼Ͼټ̽ˣô˻ᣬׯкȥ£λֿ֤ߣΪµĴ˼ҳͷϾ鿴ƻǻݶķӦһ걳˭ֻԼ˲Ϸ϶Ͼ黹δǵͼıΪжȡ㹻ʱ䡣
һͷϾ¼˲ùأˡ֮Ľڣׯһвȶȫȥ⽫Ϊպļƻ˰ȫⲿպж֮ʱҲͲݻ˿©ˡ
Ͼ½ֻϧδ˨һͨ꣬Ͳʲôļϸ˴αϾϳɽׯȴóȫһҪҶ⡣
ԭ˨ֻǲԶɽһũСӣǰɽׯһصз֣㱻ׯУԭһɲ֪ʲôԭһֱûİţֻ˵һˣׯû뵽ʵȷׯע⣬ǼϲģΪãǱ뿪
ذ£ŪúڴǻһһξȻµֶ˸αɨǹӲڳѡΣյʱʵ˵Ĵ˳ûȡ˼û뵽껹еʵȻס˶ԷĹؼʱлСͯңⳡϷûҪȥˣȻûɱǸ꣬ʧ㹻Ͼ齫ϳɽׯˡ
Ȼ˽ѵԼ˵Լ˵棬ûϵô˻ᣬׯвȷһͬɾˡ
С˨ĵģԭ£ĪҪ˨ׯ
죬ϴ˼ͬūģİĲҲģأŪȳׯıҲġΣҲģôζģ滳㵽ûġȻα̨ѵȡԼȥʮȥɡ㵽ɽũׯĲֿȥְɣҪׯп㡭
˨һʧɫæͷׯׯҴˣߡ
Щ£ûйءԱǸϾݻĹæܹһߵǸ꣬
ׯҶò˳
Ͼһ˵ϵܣׯм£㲻аɣ
Ҷæҡ˵ׯˣλ˫ˣû취ˣתңȱһϳιСӣϳô
ᵹǻᣬׯ˰
죬λүǰأׯУԱǹµҲ֪ʲô£ƴ뼷˨
ԽԽáҶֵˡ
㣿Ҫ򣿡Ͼһ˲۾ɳ˵СôôڲԵģЩ֮ʣһз˵ʲôֵ۵ģ˵ˣһݳգֲҪȥһΣô
ʱҶͻȻҪĪˣϾȻֵ˳ˮ飬ֻͯѡǲЩ˵ͨһͯʲôʱԲ˵ͬ͸ﰲأ
Ͼ鲻Ҷ⣬ʾһ˵ĲͬѰ
Ҷ˷ܣƴصͷԼΪ
Ȼ˼֣Ҳ͸ɡֻǲ֪лôҲȱô
⡪Ҷż˲ץУ˼δȫ棬һʱû
һԵĽˮæӹͷЦǺǣׯˣҼҴ粢ΪлѰ򣬶ǴȽŲʹ׼ΪѰһġΪҲмʮͣׯܹǡ
ˮһ˲ͨ˴Ҷ˼½ύĴ磬ƺκܹǿʵ˻ﶼŽȵ׷˳ˮ飬ǿһġ
Ͼʱɫһɣ룬ҲãΣԶжҪ壬СͯȥԸɣͷеҪʱģҰ֪ؽ˳ţôԸɡ
ϾͨԭίæĵͷͬҲãҾ̶ˣһū᲻ֶأô˰ɡ˨ӽ㵽ɣǵãΪū͵ТΪȡ
̧ͷһһ΢ЦĽˮ֣ߵͷ˵ϣܡ
ˮæֹĪҪݣĪҪݡֻΪһ¶ѣ˿ɲңλŶ
ˮ˵꣬һָԱЦеҶ˼Բ
˨ҲǸʵϵĺӣҶ֮ǰȹԼһ꣬æ߹عڵأˣͷеϣ˨һݡ
Ҷ΢΢ͷæŨü۵ĺʵԽԽǸˣЦúúãӽ͸ҵҰɡ


119 
Ҷ࣬ȴǿϲѡջ񣬲ȵһź켶ѧ˰ɡԱȺ켶ѧҪصĶ࡭ȻڱѹΪλͣԼֶĶ࣬պа취Ϊøܳɳܳɡ
Ͼ飬֪ʱ򣬸Ͻҿȥɣ
Ҷ۾ؿǰŨü۵ꡣ
СӴʱֱ۱ƽʱΧȡֱʣЩ̬Ĵ׳Ǵϸʶȣÿάֽʺ϶ɵһԣˡ
˫ֵĹ׳֮ϽĴ׳֫رϵļⶼԣϵļ˿÷Ҷһοһ˾ȻԽֲļ˱̬ˣڼ䣬Ƽͣȥƶ˲֡
ϧСΨһ˴ľһ˫֣䲽أ֫ޱϲӣʱʱȻҲûϰڼķ
ϾTMDë
ʱ˫ۣѪ죬ѣۿΪˡԼҲе˫类һ̣ʹѣȻ֧ţͷ亹ˡ
УҲ֮ǰмʣʱǾ٣ѪѵĽ֣ŪöҪ֫ˣѡΪʲôСͯ䱦һϲأֵֵ
ⲻʿҶĶܽˮҲһͷˮ
֪ҶǸʮ˾Ȿ
ֻǸղһ̽飬ҶѾֱ̽˱仯ԭί֮ʱӦйĳ˫һּΪǿѪǿѪĴ̼£ֱ۹췢䣬Ѫ⡢졢ȳҪǿʮ
һֱ겢δȫֱ̺Ҳ˵ûóֱۼ޵ֻ͵Ż˫ۣһֱֱеǹǿѪֱ۲ûȫںϣʱ˳ȫ֮˵ĶԿֱеѪֱǹѪںһ𣬴ʱı仯еڵαѪϮʱĸܡһ˫۱ٴγɳе֯ṹٴεõǿøǿ׳ı仯Ҷ˵ֱϲϼϲ
žžžɰͰ͵¹ȻҶɫٿȻһգͷʱǸԼɻĿΰ׳̾Ϣѵعơ
ϲϲλСֵǺ
Ҷһݣû뵽ȫʮʿȻֻܿжߣԼҲǿŽӴ̽ʵϢ˾ȻֻƾԼʶʵ״̬
Ĵ󺺻վ̯˫֣˵СֵܵҲ͵Ϊֹˡ
ʲô
ȻѵɽׯеѾˣʣµģǲлֱ˵
Ҷɫһ֪չᵽϾڳһϵģʱ˵һ仰»⡣
ĴƣΪеĹƨƣϾؿԼΣˡ
һһ𣬻ɽĪҰ齼վ𣬿˺˵λϵĪĳ˵ѣ⵵£۶ԴֻҪĪĳѵģĪĳˣϣЩۿ˵ģڼҵʱĪҪĪҰźá
ĪҰһϯ˳֧ҶΪԼѣĪҰϻ˵Ҫɽһλ
ĪҰˣ࿴һۣҲվ޷˵վĪҰõеٻȵĪѾõѣԸǵѣͱΪƹõĵ
һһվߣ΢ЦҶ˵ͷ
Ҷһʱж֣һůʡ
һЦһȺèҲҸҷͣҼδΪħүô
㡪ĴħôĪҰ˫üһ壬벻ǰ󺺾Ȼһȴ֮£ʵΪĴħӡ
ŴշǷˣͽɱһϰֻĽǣţСޣҧףħһսУȻҪħӵһƤͷβħӳֿȭɱһѽǣԼƤҧơѾ˺εȱ̬ĵز
ǰˣȻվ˵ǰŲһơȶļ²ѡ
ĪҰʻԷҲ˫ֱ磬ضŶҶ̬ưƼǿ
ʱһҲһߣԴȴȺ֮ˡ
̵ģոµѣҲ˵ƣð˿ɲʶʲôƨ棬֪ĶЩʲôħӻǹӣռȻ˽а壬˵Ǿ͸һĹƤ
˵ĳľܻкˣֻصһ棬Լδʮĸȴһضվؿһˡ
ҶһȲľ£ȻΪĪҰľ˫תҶĻж֮࣬ɵЩȻĪҰľΪʲôġɽׯأѵϾôţҲɣ
Ҷǻɵؿһ۶λϵϾ飬ֶԷµؿԼԼע⵽֮Ͼ龹Ȼ󷽵գգ۾Ҷһ㶣׽ⳡᣬȫϾΪԼⰲŵġ
Ҷʱٿ棬ѾΧ֮ƶñס
ħӺη壬˵ԼԹñˡתͷݺݶҶֻҪǰҼֵȱؽǲȻǽӵһ٣պҲٲܵǡ͡Ѫɷ׷ɱ
Ȼµһɱ֯ѪɷĳԱǵһȻһ¶ηͺڵɫ
ˮȵɱˣкҡˡϡѺˣҴ˶ҪʬΣպǡǡѪɷǴ˶һˡ
Сӣ֡ǱĪҰ²Ƶأš
ˣߺߣݲСɣҲǽа壿ħŵ˵תҶʵСӣô˵
һ仰ȴҶܵ˱ȴλҪߵĵλԻǿҶʵδҶ֮Ĺϵ
ҶһЦȻ˵ղҼֵ˵ʲô˼ģҵ˼
ħٴһڿʼǰˣ벻˼ô죬˼ôϸ塭֮ǰԼֻ⵵µϾĹѣûϾ飬ǰСͯҲǵȥĿˡ
ͨǱȭͷˡ


120 ǿ
ħЦ
ԱһֱҪֵĴҰӽӿ˵СҼµĸɶӣǵֵܡץСӣҵǰҪǻе̸ֻҪȹԹԽֵܣ±ʹƹȥǶȭۣⲻҪ˺ǵ̶Ҽ桭ߺߣҾλĺãõʱãܡߺߡλǸϽµңôᶯ˵Լ˾Ͳÿˡ
ĪҰ߳׷߳ħӵ˵ſ
һֱϹ۵˫ɽ¹派ʱŷŻ˵ħ԰꣬¹ŴֻΪ˰ݷׯΪ֮ĶԹǾȵвźá
¹ͷһСң̫Ŀ£ЬС䵶粻ͣũ򡣶ˣվҲȫһģʹ硣
Ҷ𻰣Ϊ˵ϾվȻЦλúҡɽׯѣұԸ֮ͻ¼Ȼ˫޷Э̣ǽӮǲԼĹɺã
Ҷü˼ԽˮһۣΪأϾΪԼѰľܺĪҰǿĿľͺˣԼ⣬Ҷ˻һΣ֮£㲻ˡ
ҶĬȻͷͬ⡣
һߵҲĹһٺЦȻʵ۹ԣôȷأ
ʤΣ
á
ϵô˵
ͬ⡣
ǺãⳡԶΪʤ˫ֵܣֻӮһ˻ɱԷĻ˾ֵۡΣ
ħĿ׹һ¶ζϾ飬Ͼǲʾضӡ
˫ӣħʧЦתͬϾ顣
˵棬Ըһϳĸԡ
δҰĴٿȻԾ볡УҶһʹ֮꣬ɼһߡ
ĪҰ֮ǰһǻŭ̲ˣ˵žҪ볡ڡ
ϾסҪڵĪҰ룬ʩʩȻ˵ֵֻܾۻᣬɻɽׯĹأʥʮʱɽׯ䳡ٱԲ٣աǺǣֻȾƣ򶷡
ƢһŭȵϵģTMDӸˣ㻹˲֪ôҡ
סڡħӴһӵĻһˮһɶбƳһۣׯķԸҵб䡭
ʦ֣ǡ
ӻۣ͵ؿħâһŵûæͣɫ߻ԼһħԱһ齣ŭߺߣɱضҶˣһɱζ
ӵ룬ⳡϯʼˡ
ֻǼ˶յıȶӰ죬ʳ֪ζΨҶһûûεӣԵ㣬ԵĴžƱĴƵƵƣȻһδȴħӾٱΣħӵҲȲƣҲԭɱڡѹִֵ֮УΪ֮
ҶܿģΪûɲġᣬȻԼջһǱ޴ſҶһǿҵĿУֿдÿһռլϡ
һ桶־ϷҪֵ90ϵ佫ȫչµǿõһ֮飬ֻլְҵУֻ᲻Դ
ϯ򵥣ˣˣһơ٣£еһ㣬ƼƷϸ۶֭ڼ΢ҶͷУóⱾζ£ǽ˿˿Ҳü㣬ϾȻõ¹Ϻúͣϼϣһ֮£˱ǣʵǾζ
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ҶɧЦӣﶼһгı֡Ͼ鶼Щò׼ﵽЩʲô
ҴҽҶһһ𣬲ĪҰľܵ˱һлţҲͣ𼱻ǵŽˮ˸ϻԼһ˾סġˮ󡱡
һ·ϣҶҲţͣһЩ⣬̽˨
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Ŷҵ˼ӣûɣⶼѾǵĸˣ˵Ҫúӻ͵ҵ˨˼ǰҵС˨һ˨ඣͲᶪˡ
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ҶͽˮĬȻӣȻһͬ뵽ޡ
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ӦǱħԳľˡҶ뵽
̫ҾȥһԵرΪӦǺܽʵĶ˭֪ȴĺܣһˣŪ˫۶Һ塭
Ҷһ𣬾˻㣬׼ƺվĶ׶ˡֻħԳͨıħԳֻǴǧıħԳпܣǿ൱쾳ĸ˰ôء


121 ٴ
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Ҷֹͣ˿̽ѯʵ˨оô
˨ԱԼŪеСĸģСػشֱۣۡоеͷΡ
Ҷͷ˵ܲôֱ۵ϵѪҺˣķ֮һˡ

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ҶȴͻȻһЦݣ̬Ƚ˨˵˨ڸ˵ĻҪҪϸͦá
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˨һǺ°ܾԼһܵϰѧϲܾ֮æӦ
Ҷڵϣƹ۷ߵݣֱ¶ģԼߵͷڼ򵥣ҲׯأҶǰڻô£˵ţҴգ֮ȴʦͽƣͳƺȽˡƹ۵ţҲиţ׼ʲô
ˣū׼ûϡ
ףиĸûϣ
һԵĽˮԵ磬ݱ߾ЩǨ񣬳͢ЩֻգǶϵĳͷɡ
Ŷԭ֮󣬺ߣν񣬲ڳ͢ζվ˶ӵ˰ˡ
ȻˣĵűɣϣպԼѰգٸĲ١
ƹʹ˵
ڣ㿿ǽߣ˵
ҶЩ£ֿʼѧ⵹ҶżʱҲ˱ȽΣյʱ򣬲òץʱסѪҺ
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⡾Ŀǰֻ˵죬ҶԼҲֻ˵ڶ죬ѧйھҶϾǡŋ翸Զڵ
Ƕ;ϵĹ
ǼȫƲͣչʹ壬ѳ̶ȾԳһѧ
һɡȫΥ幹֮йķţǹƣҪǰֻ٤ʦп
ʼ֮ʱ˵йǹĶ
մڸҶȴǰʮʦɫ
ȥЬ࣬ҧƴŹǶϽĥʹڰҶҪ˵һĶֱӰ̳һŰĴϺģ
ӣϥ̧ƹ򱳺ֱģ͹ѨӿȪѨ֡
ΪĿͨ죬ѣû취ǻǸǻҲǼΪ΢Ĳ΢һ㣬


122 
Եÿп࣬Ϊˡ
ȻѧڳڿЩѣѾǼȵļˣֻҪ˶ĳɹۿõٶȳɳպǼΪѵģ඼ԲãպҲͱųͷˣҵӡ
ҧƴάŶ׼ȷ
ոտҶںϺ˱׼ҶķԸСоѵȫҧʹ࣬հʹ
һȵĻǴ˫ҶָľȫҪѨ
Ƭ֮еȫ֮Ҵܣǧ˿ƵӿСѨָоܵòȥԾ˽ּȵʹ࣬ʱҶ߲ͣؽкţǿעȽ̵ķת
ʹĸоֻά˲һӣ̵ּĸо֮ʧӦָоʵĺˮʪһƬذ壬˫Ѿ䵭Ҳתȫ嶼ͨһƬȴѾû֮ǰ˵ĸоˡ
šһƣ˯ȥ
ˮĿɿڴؿǰһĻոؿǸΪ꣬һǹŹֵ֮˫ϵĺɫ˲ҵйһػȾȫֺ˵ΣҲ𽥵õơ
ڽˮУԭȽϽʵ˫ȴԵüҲøܿλõļڻ𶯣һżȸЧԳ̶Ⱥš
磬ǡ
Ŷƹ۾ѧľѧ˵ѣžѧƨҪҲóŹTMDŰǡ
粻˵ԼǵӵôôеľȴǷŵľѧ
һ޴󰭵ҶһĴվ˵ߡ
ȥģˮδ𾪺ɻѹ
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ˮһԺλ˵ʲô⣿
Ҷͷ΢΢һЦ˵һսʤδ֪ȥ˵ඣʱܱߣҲǸˡ
ˮһ㶣ʧһЦҶһá磬Щϵ
Ըغ÷ţôֱ¡ˮ󡱵ĵңֻҶһѵĵù
˵ĸֺˮƣ˷ܵ죬Ľݴ˽æӭ
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ˮڶ˸ϵģⲢ丸ǣԼһȵļıָӵõء򣬼ӵݣǸзϣͱָӶЩڽʮʮϽ
ߵεУΨһһηշεʱͷɢһţһη
˸ôҶʵ
үǴ˵ĶԼĴ򣬸ˣһʱûɣھ͸ˡƴ˵ˣĸ֣һңϵ˻ָܻ˵Ǹ⣬ͳˡ
ߣǵȻˡѵģһŰѵ̯˺ɰٷС
ɱ֣ˣϲõܺŮ˷ߺޣ϶ԶظŶжĥһ٣Ҳв³
Ҷͽˮ߽η˿εŵľȵ꣬װ˯ˣʹү㻰
͵תͷһŭżˣҶ֮˫ĿһһɱȻ
쵰ɱ㡪ѱ˸ʵε˴ϣֱɢֻܿҶԼ£ȴһҲޣҶֺ
TMD֪ȥһţߵѪ
ˡǼȥɣЩҪȥغãʲô˶׼ŽˮԸ
Ӧȥ
߳ΣҶĽߵǰ
ҡ
ҶЦһӵɲǸƵġ˵ٿȻǰһץסƣԼѨ˵ģΪɱôᣬҲң
ΪҶͻȻľٶŵþ
ˮȻȵ磬Ҫ
ҲΪͻȻһие⣬˼ǰʱ򣬾Ҷûѵ˻ⱲӶָŮˣ˭ôҡҿûˣΪһŸ߱ˣ
˫һ죬εǰһĻϮͷһŴľʹƺֺȻһݣһҶǰӡȥ
һһȭڿմĸоһβԼһţƺҲ׼ʱĸоҲĿն
ȻѣٿȻһѾˣһӴӶԷѨвһٴ̱˴ϣҲ
˵Сûԣˡɵ򣬼ǳԲǴ򣬾TMDǵóޣȴ˵ʱôץסģһϻû˵Ҷ򵥵һСٴξͷ
ʲô󺣵뽭ӡСүͲˣƾҡ̥ǡĵľÿա̫ԪС๦ļǿޱıô񹦼һ𣬻ɲɧꡭ
˾Ī۹УҶ˷ܵؿˡڤ񹦡λùֻ̱꣬֫ǿŭֿ־Ҷˡ
ڵʼʱܿƵĿӿ룬ԽԽƽʣٵܿơĵɣҶѾеԼڵѾԵĵߵԼڵѾڵԼֻƴɶԷûȼҪԼľɶ
ҶķԸˮҶֺʱ˰ʱۿҶƤǿʼ⣬ЩѪˮٴν
ۿһԵѾҶ湦ûʼ鶯ַ˰ۣ°ĭһߵҶȻڲͣ˹С
ҶһʱڣԭѨڣȫתˡڤôľѨ͵ȵأ缴һ㣬͵˼ޣ̥ܵǡ̫͡ԪľС๦ʮСѾ˼ޣ˿ҪǾ֮⣬֮ǰõǿġޱţҶľȫпܾʹѣȻըֱӾܽҶըѵʬ޴档


123 һϦ֮
ҶҲ֪ʱ˽ͷڻвʮ֮һҲҶյˡ
ڤ񹦡ɣʹսᡣ´˵ƾ͵øⱻΪܲС
ҶĬ񹦣͵һһƴҶؿĻ䣬ٴλ˹ȥ
磬ô
Ҷҧ˵һ仰ʱڽҲ˵һ仰⻰һڣпңһ˷ܵıýˮ
һ֣ȥ
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ҶӴӦã׵İ취ֱǿޱַ̫أռٵı䣬һĿӦԼʵ
ʱֱֲܹӽ磬ΪνѾþĸɴﵽΣյıԵȻȻнĿܣʧܵĿԼ󡣵ʱңҶܹܵġ
˼ȥҶһ׼ģǽʱǿС๦Բ磬ҲǴͨʣµ칬üġϡͷٻѨ
üġϡΪҪ
ϡȹϵʮ칬ĳɰܣͨ­躣صľľۼأһˣӰ쵽ԣŪþͱɰ׳ա
ҶաС๦ķתѨüڡϡλáֻһʼҶоԺ˵һѣκŻµĸоϮҶ֪й֮ؼйһοϡǰٴο˴ѨҪʱ侲ſС

ˮڷ֮ڣϥϰڷһ̴ľУָɵںиϵȥʾʱеĲ
ĬȻƬ̣ˮһҧ̴ľУֳһöɫ۴СĵҩöҩˮһļǸǧΪԼѰĺ켶ҩ軤öҩ˴ͷѰٵϵȻ嵤ҩڽʱãɱ𣬽˳ѰԼΪһԼʧȥƣϮ֮ʱôҩԻסӳԼҡ
ԼڵѾ绯ȥġɣȫҲһڵĹд紫ڵĸı桾ľԪվҲ롣öҩʹѾȫʧȥ壬ʱڴ˵ȴǸΪС
͵Ͷʰɣֳڣպʲôҩòġ
ĽˮתΣҶҡ

ҶֻоԼҵʱпᵹһʹȥܹЩʹصסʶİ취ȥʱʶϵʹ࣬ԼȴԿƣּԼĸоͣϮԺ
ָоһڵɽڣͣھų·һججֻ֪ƾŸоǰڣϣܹڿһƬأ͸һ֪˶ãҶʵͦסʹȥ֮ʱǰͻȻһһ֮ӭԼγĴԣȻʣʶӼһȻɢǸоǴ޵ȵĺڶһԾɾһ̶һ㣬͸ʡˬ졭ӵõĿУҶ
ʮ칬֮ϣɡ
Ҷϲһ̣ҪٴйͷٻѨ
硪һỽȴǶܽˮ
Ҷɻ̧һˮһö۴СĵɫҩϮǣ˲ʱԿҩ
ܣǡ
ǼҸΪѰβҩл֮ãѱ绯ȥöҩЩմҪͷҪöҩء
ҶȶԷ˵꣬һ˹ȥֱУлֵܡͷġ
ˮգգ۾ﻹҪ˵ⵤҩβۡǱҶѾһöҩѾ˶ˡ
Ϊ˺ѣˮЩСʧ䡭
켶ĵҩôûˡ
ˮûкڽ磬ֻǡǸоҪǶ࿴۾ͺˣֺöɲܿİ
ˮįתȥһִ
öܣǱͷһ׺켶ѧ۸˭Կ
ˮһһŵı鸡֡
켶ѧ
㻹Ⱑ
ͷ֮ʱֻҶԼһգۣЦİֵܣĶ粻࣬ѧ࣬˵켶ѧպϼ𼶵ѧҲŪ֤ۻңⱲӵĹ縺ˣȫȫعĵЩѧɣ㲻ϲ󷨡֮ôͷҲŪһڱıܣȥЩ˵ĸŪ㳡ϣһҽϣҪ鿴ѧءȥȥûвȡѧľ飬ܴưµľѧأ
ˮһسҶķţ뼰λ׵ؽԼĻƼѧľԪתҺϰ棬ˮĳ֮ƺӷһʰ֮󣬿лϥŵ˫Ϣĵ˫֮˾ãҴУʱȻˡ徳ɵһЩΪҲǴ⴫ڵľѧѧף޲˵Լλ½ύĴѧţ˵λԼѧԼġ
ԼϴءˮΪԼոյľҲѡ
һ羴ؿѾرյĴţ棬þǿ˸һʦ
ֻҪԼᶨƵظڴߣŹ˶ãԼֱԺʹһ¡
ˮĿ쳣ᶨתȥְҶ
һҹˮæµжȹ
峿ʱ̣һĨ⸡֣˺һҹһȽȽ𣬽ů黳˵档
ˮ¥ǰС㳡ϣ˽۵ſڵأӭųƴشڴϢŴʸֵĳ˵飬Ҳһҹ۵ζһů
ҹʼĸСʱ䣬˸չѧе似ȫһ飬λĴ磬̽壬̽ÿ˵ڹķһֱѴһɸֵϵײ˸⡣
˵ҶĴٶǷִɵģҶӦƴܾǡϸһ룬ԼѧеĵͼӶ࣬ʲôܿԣô˻ᣬԼ겻ľġ
ολֳŵºѸһ༶ѧڹķѧԴֶ
Ϣһȷϣ˷


124 ž
һ׿Դҵ༶ѧʲô
һ༶ڹķǿǴŴɺĵӲܹõѧھŵֻڵߵȵСɣǳϼѧĺĹˣֹʱֵЩСɫ
壬壡
׹˵ԼҪԼĺˣмĻᲽָˡΪüָտɴ
λĴ磬г˶һĽɫ񣬴ЩǣĸоǾǾмӡ
Ҷڸǰһų֮ڣվɵĵˮһ˷ܵһߣһɫضűĿһҶ
Ҷҹ¼ڶѧЩ˵νǣѧӣϾݾеͼѧﻮ㵽һһڹķһ似Ҷϣһٶףʮ׵̼ѧҶ400ܵ㣬֮ǰʣļܵ㣬Ҷӵܹ523ܵ㣬λƼѧĶһᣬһ¼лӰġķһ¼ˮġľԪ
λᣬҶֻ㶯һΣֻҪ㹻ĻԼαгʤˣʣµĶһԼ޹ؽҪˣؼҪ㹻ļܵ۲ǡ
Ҷһҹ֮䲽롰컯죬С๦ɣʮ칬ھ޷⣬̺ӴԼζҲѴͨԶγСѭϢͣתǰŨһѾΪˮ״ױɽ֮ϣ;öȡ
ƣ֮֮
ͨζڽ뵽Ҫ
֮ؼʮʮ໥ͨѪתȻ·ߣΪ족ֻеʮתһ̶ȣŻγУŴ䵤ȻǴͨ澭ζ˿ɽġС족ԺСС족ȫġ족·ߣС족ٶȸ죬洢Ϊݡ
Ҷͨζһ;ں쾳ϣѾдˣʣµģֻǻ㹻ͻǲص谭졣
Ȼһҹ죬ǳǡ컯ʵҶûűȡʤյı䡣
ԼڡɱԪĸ֣Ǳ˾ûֿôǸϢǿԼľУԼޱʤգοǸԼļ²ѵħأ
ԷĲսԱħӺӹɵˣһ˭ö֪
սԱԼľܺĪҰ롣
ʤѵҪʲôļô
ԼħӵĿֻҪܹȡʤԼһ㲻սˡ
յı䣬ֻԼ׷Ѱ۷ϵССѣҪ棿
Ҷһתٺ٣ѧͻȻֵĻЧһһˡ
¾ģҶֱǻƼѧжһһѧĵһζһ80㼼ܡԽǾһԣҶ¶΢ЦΪԵá
Ŀһ峿ʱ֣ʮʱıʱ̣ĸʱ
ɢȥù㣬Ҷ뽭ˮ¥ĸ̨ǰɾ֮ԶɽԴ䣬ˮ䣬һƬ٣ӳһƬҶ̾һ֮ǰľɫһ㣬ͷееʹ͡һУ˵Ȼ

үӦҶҪ󣬲ˣĿڽү
ȥȡ
ǡ
ˮһ棬ʵ粻ó֮᪻ѵɻо
ҶͷһЦ˵д⣬ȻԶһ

ϾΣţǰĸˣҶ˾סġˮ
ʮʱ䣬Ӯܳκβ뱣֤İȫǲȱ䣬㶪Լ֮»˺ƤΪ£һս⡣
ԼһţСͯӦԭίԼĿҲӦȻ˰ɡֻҶ˵ɽׯĵգ˱ѰɽׯҪˣԼѹ£ֽׯڵĪҰľܵѰŰСͯˣԼûиСͯкͻĴУúһǿСӡ
һܽһСŵƨϾﲻɵһ󳩿졣
ߺߣ뵽ԼŮԼͶСͯĳ֮ʣԼԸĮҲɵ֮
˵ʲô˵ҲӢۺúߣСС˾̽ƷûУȻ˿Ͼ顣
һʮ꣬ͽȻϯϼ򶨣ʱо壬̻̲˰ɡ
һС˵Ȼ˯
Ҷ
ǵ˫֤֮ʱԼı֡
ۼˮϾΪԼư⣬ˣ
һӡˮ󡱵ĸ̨ϴ˹
ͣ
Ͼʾ⣬һͣ
ˮں˵٣ѵǸ˵ô벻һ򣬾˷˴׿ĶӣʵҡϧǺǸзϣȻ˶з׳
ᣬ¥ˮ
ƣȲҲݣˮһ㣬ڣƽ͡
֮̾ǳ¶󻨰꣬ͷҡ
У̴̣֮˷ɼ뷱Ȫɽ˶Ŀ̶Ⱥޣǧٸţ಻ϪҺͣİȥл䣬һƬɱ֮ϸ࣬ޣš
ϾͨɣڼˣǿҰ·ӡ
֮ʱƷͷһЦ󱲵Ĺţʮ֮תΪȣ̾Ϣ֮˵ټת֮ʣȴϲǰɫؼֻ֮ǶĿޣֻԼƮƮ泤磬ϼ֮ʣ֮־ãΣѡ
һˣͣãγѡǵεĽηʹӣ䶼ɣȴҲĳϾ飬ʧһ㡣

̨֮ϣҶͭ辻֣һľˮ̾һνú٣ҹ֮ˣһ˿ƴٵˡ
ˣٲСżˡ
ҶȻһЦа룬ԼΪ֮еŽǡաеҲһˡʦ֮벻ϣߣԡӹžѧδվ壬棬ȴҪ˺üΡ
̫ʢķȻ˥䣬յɣ鷨ա࣬ϢϢصũ̵ֹ£Ҳ١


125 俪ʼ
Ҷֻ63ܵ㣬ȡˡմʦĳƺţõϵͳʮףֱӾͳɴʦ򵥵һС¶֣Ը߰Ķܸ׳ƳҶʱֵĿա
һ䡷ĿҶԼҲڻ֮ͣ½ġ컯쾳磬Ȼȹ࣬ͨģ˵Ĳ١Ҷһֻ˵泩һҹδߣȻɺȻ䣬ҶȻ֮Ч
ϧһūŵͷСүĵɷ簡
ҶƾԶմմϲ֮ʣһɸ´
ţȻ˼գϾʵҡ֮ߣǡµһŮ÷̵Ტˡ
Ҷ뽭ˮһۣɵøеЦϾԱˣȴܰĹ´֮֮䣬·Լۼһ㣬ʵԴ⣬Ϊһʵ˾ÿЦ
ˮЦׯԲӡ
Ŷôˣ
ˮ˵֮ҶȻҶҡͷ֪ı仰ԵĳգСԲһֶθͬôȽϡ
ֵĪǫո˵֮ʱϾ˻ڸ⣬ʱȴѵ˸ڣ֮ʱϾһϮĵ޴ۣڳĺڳ£Ҫ̤ɫױƤ׿ѥ˶е˵ĺʹ
ֵһ˲ţ˸߳ټڼΪͨɣյŽϵգ֪ˣĳͶذ
ҶԸ˾ʹ˻๧άԵׯ֪кָ̡
Ͼһ࣬ҶԼŵ׷Ϊ˵Ϊ˫ӦԴׯΪöˣѺ˵ׯ
ҶҹѲµ£вʣҲֻͬ⡣
˽̱һһʱϾüͷһ壬Ϊ֮󣬵óֻĹ£ݣϾҲö˵תԵʮʱ䣬Ϊλ·ĳǡ
һ˵꣬Ҳͣתȥ
ǰһֱվԱߵһۣ˫Ŀһ䣬ꡰΪɵһװô֮ǰװ书ڻˣװôͼΪʾԼһǴôɡ
Ͼ䶢һۣתȥ
ˮϾ齥ԶȥıӰȻ˵λׯô磬ôǰ
ǺǣϧǴ඼ǱĺԼģδλϴׯйʲô˵սŲĥ³ģԸûоһ̸Դ⣬뵱ȻΪԼ뵽ģȷġλׯһƽ̹޴£ĪҪΣǵΣһ֣ǻäĿ۶ϣˡġҶ
ˮΪȻƵƵͷ
ҶϾ˼֮󣬶Ըν͸Ȼв㣬ҲҶʱȻججԵ˽⣬ǳܱȡ
ߡ仹ʱҽڶع㣻ܣҲҴ깦Ϊò̫ãҾаսȫˡٺ٣ĪҪĹޣʵϣȻЩͣҪĵһЩܴﵽתء
ˮ˶ǴϲҶڡ
СӹȻǸţãҲߣȻЩҲֻΪδֻһϵʱ䣬Сӽ˫ڵ޾ȻȫﵽˡĵһعҪ󣬿ڶˡٶȣΪ䳬˵ʾģĹҲ䲻ಮˣԼŹ棬ûø츳

ʱݼţʮʱ
Ҷɽׯ˵ߴ£ڶ
ǹֻܱǴʱϵı仯㣬ġǱ֮ˮϰľԪҶ̫Ԫڴʱˡҡ֮չʮ
ҶΪп֮ǰԼһ䡷ôӷΪڴľ֮£ȻȻؽ
ɽׯ˴Ҷһ·Уʮʱ֮ǰǿ䳡
䳡һ޴İʯֻ̨жп̨ϱǸ䳡Ӧƽڶӵ䳡ϹĦֶԾʱ䳡ȻһˣĿ̨ϣȴ˸ǵǣÿ涼в°˵Ŀͣװ磬Īɽׯˡׯ͡Ժ֮ѾߺͳĻơشӵǰļλα
Ͼ鵹ⳡ䵱ׯڲ£ȻɽׯеģǸɶ￴֡
ֻҶϾĵϸϸ֮£ȻȺҵĸ֡һɶý䣬ֶЩһֱΪĸǣν棬ߣⳡ䣬˵һɶõȤǼٵɱɲֱܱġ
̨֮⣬ĪҰ롢ľһڶࣻһмȴ࡭ո֮ˣһˣʱȴ֮࡭
ڴֵ¹ˣɽׯϾһ˲öˣһСƽ̨һͬػ̨̱ϵ
ҶһĪҰһЦкҶȥʵҲǰеģ֪Сͯΰűˣڽйȥ֡
ҶҲɴ࣬˵˾䡰Ҫħӡ㲻ֻԼһ˴˵Ц
ĪҰľһۣͬʱʾҶ˼ⶨҪᣬҶսԷǿսɶԼʤѾʧȥģԼȡʤǶԶ˵ΣҲǵ׵ѡ
ߺߣСˣӴүõȣΪ˲ء
ҶδǱߵӱȲվ
Ҷ۾һ£˵λ̨͹ôԶҶŵѬζϣı²ֻųȡʤźãȻҵȻ治Ķ֡
һ䣬˵ȺȻЦֱֱ̣ӱ˹
Ҷһ仰ȱ˶ԷĴײְԷֻƤϵĹ򣬶ϵʵУӳ˫Ŀͨ죬ֻԼǲɱҶͷޡ
ǱϾ˫ԵʩʩȻվȵ˫ѵڣ䵱Уڳǩϳѡ
һȣӰһ֮ʣһվ̨ϣһߺӴүڴˣǸС


126 ʤ
һٿȻӰһ֮ʣһվ̨ϣ⺷ҰһߺӴүڴˣǸС
Ը꣬ᾡϾĺ˵ֱ꣬˱̨
Ͼ󼱣׷ϳѡԳǩ۶ϣӡ
һ仰û˵꣬һߵĪҰҲʾһŭ𣺡СӣĪүүʱ
ڿУһ䣬һȭǿѷɵǰ
ȼȻѾȷҶħӣ˱ȡʤĪҰľˣ϶ϳħˣܹȡʤӽ֮ʣҶһϾʲôǩĪҰץסʱϳһȶʽʼ
ӷߺĪҰĶ£ĪҰʹӵӣ˶Ƣ֮ˣһǷۺ죬һ֣ΪҵɱС
ĪҰӾٱӭ
䡪
˫ȭͷԺһ죬̩ɽ֮ƣһȻ𣬽ĪҰ뵯ɡ
Цһħ͵شܳȭŨҵһƬҷ磬ŵڵڿеĪҰ롣
úá
ĪҰ˫ӿءһ죬Ȼڿеķ̤ʵһٿڷ˫ȭתȭȻȭһǺȻ죬ײĿ紵Χ졣
ĪҰһ˫ȭ֮ʣȭϣһȭӶ괦顪
һƵľ죬¶֮ɫĪҰһȭԶۿҪ⣬ʹܣȴһ󷭣һǧ׹Ȼµ棬ͬʱ˫ȵŵأץס棬ǿֹ֮ƣꡪ
һĦʯ۱̣ڵг룬ֻڰʯϵųɳ̵ʯۣͬʱڵץָۣƿ࡭
ʯػ֮ĦֹԼܵĽ֡
Ŀվڸ࣬޴󰭣˳ֵ˵մʯۣҼƤ̰˸󶴣ɵǷŭһѽ·˺˸ɾ¶κһ˶Ա׳侱бǴ׳ӵĲӶûˣϣǿļȴ˿ӣ쳣Ķʵǿ׳
ĪҰһȭ֮֮ǿѾ˴һʱչֳ֮ǿ㾢֮
ħһǿη塣ĪҰ޻ڵһȭػȫжԷ壬ԷȻνı֣вɵͬʱһ׷ΪĪҰܷȡʤ
Ҷϸؿӵ֣ƺƣԷ־ǿอֱֲ嶹סǿ壬ֲ˶ءΪ԰
ĪҰԼһȭδЧɵüͷһ壬ƺΪաöӷЦԵĪҰ룬ȭͷ˼Ƕ򲻵ųʲô͡Ц˵Ĵ
ĪҰˮϻ˵ֵ¼°ɡ
ٲ໰ϣͽ
˾ѧʽ;ףɲǼ䣬ײһ
飡飡
˫ӲӲؽ֣ת˲֮Ѿ๥ʮ¡
ϰգΪƴʽֶ˺۷壬һĪҰΪߣҹǱ̬ʵǿ˫˾˫֮ϣ˸˸â֮£ĸâɵľ޴ȻײԺ䲻ͣ
ԹнϸĶпϧΪĪҰʵк档˫ȻĪҰԸһҲս׶ο̵ķʱ˫˿񹥣δ׶αֳʤˣӷˣĪҰ󲿷ȭԷǿԷȭȴĪҰȫȥ
أĪҰڶԷĿը֮£ʼвǿʼѪȻˡۼˣǿĹ죬񹥻
ۿĪҰѳɣѶӸеҲĵòˣʤһϡ
ƵÿյһȭĪҰ븹öԷӣ¶Ŀյ
Ҷ˴һãͷľܸǽŵٿȻվ𡭡
׼յݴ˫ֱȭۣ磬ĪҰ󱳣һĪ
˫һ㣬Ȼ䡭
δء
ĪҰ͵̧ͷӣйڣ˵ӡ
ϵˡ
⣬⣬ܡ
䡪
һΪҫ۵Ĺâ˻æܣм˲ҽס˫ۣȻǶ˲䱬ǿ۾
̡
ǵ
תͷٿ֮ʱȫǰһĻŪôɵ
ĪҰ뱣ų岽ǰƣ˫ȭµۣ죬ڴʱ׹ڣովĪҰǰѾڿУѪ䣬Ȼ֮ڲĵ̼£֫ܿƵس鴤ţǷ˰ۣ°ĭҵʹȥ
žžžһ֮ϾǱߴţħҲЦŹ
ΪڳΪܿղһĻ֮һҶҲΪԼһĻզ಻ѡ
ǺֶΣһ
ԭһȭĪҰ֮ʣĪҰèʼ׼һӴ֮ʣȻȻһӣȡյʤ
һУʱİգıʵʩ˭˵ĪҰֻ͡Ǹƥı֮κһĻ֮Ҫ
ĪҰڽϿżʮ꣬ȻбǮ
һСĪҰһײȱȭһУһ湦ԡסƻǿ󣬿ϧҪʱױַܣĪҰһֱûڶԵʱù
ζӣαԼĻҪѣȲѣüԶԷ
ӹȻмƣΪԼʤȫһ˲䣬ڵŴ¶һ
ԷԼǿҲֻ֮ʱ֮ʱŴ¶ǵš
Ҳˡһ˼ע֮ʱԷȫһȭҲԿסһ಻ˣ˲ע⣬֮ʱһȭиĻܵˣͬʱصĲŻ
ĪҰ֮ǰжԷһȭ֪Է̵ļޣԼȫһжԷ壬֮£ҲöԷЩ𵴣ǿ϶ģ˲ԷԹᣬΪñöԷΪʤĴ֮£¶һ˿
ĪҰҲͬʱöԷһȭèƣڵסԼƵһջһбɱ
һжʤ
ĪҰȭˣ׾е湦һĪҰʱջĳɹӱȻȻĪҰɱ֮ͽˣԼȴԼʮֿõСͯ˱䣬ɾʹǲˡ


127 γ
ĪҰվһƬк֮
סԹ
ҶŴͣԾؿųڰȻֱĪҰ룬һֱΪֺĪûôƣղŷ֣ԭ⽭ܻõģûһܹӵġĲ˵һдšסԵȭУⳬǿĹѤõʽ̨ͣĤݰ
Ҷ˵ĪȻϬųƿͣסĹ൱ټǿ񱩣֪Źʲô
ڨЦҡͷ̾ĪĽ飬治֪ôһ־ȻȻ
ٻҲ죬˵Ī˵ѣôʽҲ԰ڣ԰ڣûǵѡ
һЩ˼ͱã˵˵Ī粻ˣء
ǸϤ˶ģǸ֮Ĺϵʲô÷ŵġ
áһһͺȣࡣ
ٻһ˴һ۸硣
һԵİͷѣһԵľܵȴǹЦ֮лֱ˵رϲֱڿСѾͷ
Ѿͷ˵òĪǺþãΪ£Ҫ
ǣǡٻѵ֧֣ǽԴŸһ
һҡͷЦ˵õõã֧ˣӣͷ˭ȢԵðסһͷһŰ˵ְֵཻķϣȢðɣҼҶ϶ױðֳԿ
硪ٻ±ƣߺһһ͵һţݺݲ˸һĽϣһͬһŴĿ´µضԼİ࣬ͲסŮҵ⣬תܿˡ

һĴЦҶҲ֪ԭⰽٻⰵ½˰
æŴһ壬ŪȲĽͣȻѡ
ףҺ˿İ˳ĪҰ˷쳣
ҶĪҰתæվʩлĪҰĳ
ĪҰ֣Ȼ£ǵѪ˵벻ȻҰֵȴҲӲҪĪ־ʤ˰
ףҼôˣĪҰͻȻֶһˣæʵţֿ࣬ĪҰ˲侪ȵصɴ۾ϵܣĪǣĪǡѽ˥ڸҼ˵˰ϲϲ
ԭƴĴĿ֪Ϥ˼Ϊʱ˱ļء
иƨĵӣǿδĴŵ֮Ĺ˼һʱ˷쳣¾ȻԼƣɵüȲԼĺֵܣָģͣ䰽ࡣ
˵˶þܺȵϵܺҼӵϲඣúúãʱĪǱһݴ񣬹ĪҰϲ֣ۺ»£Ըͽȥ
Īֵܣתƻ⡭һԵͷľЦ˵ĪȻôһ־˵ʲôʱеôһ֣˵õǿ۽硭
ʵȭҲĪ֮ǰõľУոûãûǰչ¶ǹҡʱ˵ĵطͷôҰһһ¡
˴ɫһ滹ݰһ£òǰžóôҷɣǺ£˵ģסķţ;Եۺ졢ȡֱˡ
ǵͷͬ⣬жԴ˺֮һڴ

һ죬Ͼվ̨ǰ˵һĪҰʤڶֱڿʼ
ͷľһĿεķ֣Ȼ˵ˣϷ¶һˡλҵʤɡ
Ҷæллľͷ֣Сġ
СϵܷģľܶȻʤħϷд֮⣬˵ȣϷϼغϡľ˵꣬۵ҶǰЦǵãԺľ磬ʲôͷ찡ϵĽУ̫֡ͳҼ۶һ㣬Ϸ㣬кβɡǺ󺺣ۿһʪæͷȻ뵽Լʹʧӣһʱûаѳס
Ҷһȣһסľܵ˫֣¶˵ľ硭ӣĪҪ˱СܷģպҪԽľϲ鸿ڴǰɴ紦ãΪڼֵܱ𡭡
ľһζҶᶨ۾þòƽϢеļһʮ꣬Լ֤Ҫһ쾳ĸ֣ǿ֪ôľڶԷ￴ģֻϡ
ġ
ľҶֱʮĵ˵ͷľ㡭ľϲһ졭
˵껰һѳͷϻƤͷɳƮɢХһ̨ٿȻվݣƱˣ˷ϷľͷľܣС˸ǰһս
ɫ࣬ⳡ䣬ʤ֮ǰӴ⣬Ѿһһ˵ǲʧһ֣ɿ󺺵ƣǺĪҰͬһĸ֣Ψһʤľֻħһ˶ѣħӳսǵСͯһ̣ɺ˳սأ
Ȼ˶СͯʵһȻΪսԼһȻĪҰľܵ˶ûзԣ˵䶨Ȼʲô֮һʧɶ˵ǴĶһĪҰľܴĸ֣һ˵ǿԽܵʵ˻ɽԸǣҲǲԡΨһСͯδ̫Խˣɽ֮ĳ֮ŭħҲĴݡ
ħӴʱ쳣ƣӵԸһֱΪϲһ鲻࣬鲻ǳ
һɽʵǷ֮ڸͷΪǡ½챦֮һġͭϢ벻·ϲ֪Ȼٴηܻ׽Լһټ鷳
ţȴ˶ԷʹԼʱﻢ£ڶԼǳǲأ
ԥ֮ʱһͻȻߵߣһȴħ͵һϲͷ˵ͷʾ¡
֮ˣԭȴħڼʦǸĺӣ书֮⣬Խթƣʱİ취ĿǰΪֹΪеֶΡ
ľվڳŭȰ죬ڼһ˷ӦӰڷ֮һͬӰý⺷ĺվ̨ϡ
ɫĶԽ¶֧׳ֱۣͷëëݲݵͷľסһԵǳ
̨ҶһɵЦ벻־һģ˰


128 ʤ
һ̨Ҷɻѯʵߵļһʲôˣ
ʶĪҰչ˵СӽӣȺﶼʵĵģСӻеӣҲһӻˮСӹûʵ䲻û汾£ٽթΣľֶβҲԸСӴ´࡭
ҶǲľܵսֻǶʱԣħӾ֮ڵһѾʧܵ£ϳʵϾԲľܵĶ֣ԷȻ˰ţֻʲôı£ʵ϶ԷôԼľཻ֮ǳ˵࣬вζԷ֮ӣֵܺġ
ˮ͡ľܽƴɱ꣬ܳΪһͷ죬;֮ˣԼͽΪ˵ģԱһĲɱǡ
Ҷڳ˼㶨ʱڶȴ׼ڼ
ľ˫һ죬бϷһֳѶ̺䵶£ˣŶ˵Сӣϱ䣬ҾչѧѡذұѧԶɽ䶨õһ£ǧ˵ñ۸㰡
Ŀоâһһ˿ЦǣãҲʡһʤˣҪڴϸǶѿ࡭
ľͫһöԷĻЩ⣬սڼԷʵӦӣԼȡʤϣʲôֶΣֻҪԼģҲˡ
һڴˣľҲѧŻʿڣʩ񣬺ȵ롪
һ䣬ľȫȻӡ
幦ͬڻѧϺ޴⣬ȫǿŷ֮ʱı˲ﵽٵĿģȻûлѧṦеɻ䣬;ףϽʽʽĹ
ľֹ֮ʱѳ嵽ӸǰһǺ⣬ɫĹâٿȻԷǰء
δϵԷ˵ʹ򣬲ִټ䲻ܣҲֻü⣬⣬ӲصסľһδϢľͬῳӾ࣬ӺȻˣͬʱ۵סһȻԷóӲսͬʱԷȻԼסƴȻԼ˫ԣۣԷľ룬ȡʤ
α֮ʣظ͵һ˴һɺȻ֮ɫһСѪ׵ȥ
ԭľܳȻǿ֮ҽ͵̤ضϥȻӵϸһʽѸ;ףӻδ׼ͣ㱻ɵ
⻹ľϥӣغһ沽ŷͬһٿ׷Ծϣҽ»ӿиոһػϸ䡪
һ죬˱ľһţӿ棬Ȼڵ֮ϣľ˳ϥִӿϸۡһѪľܵƲˣϣֵĹȭûһƬȭӰ顭ͼǵϵӣӸոձͨ˵һԾš
ȫΧĿɿڴ˭û뵽ո˵ǫѷ󺺣һ־Ȼ˿񱩣ڴǰȻͬһӰ޻֮
ĪҰЦֹȻ֪ľսʽĿ񱩣ΪԷԱ˷ܲѡ
Ҷȴȫ˴״̬ոľ̩ȭƵع벻񶷳ǿôڶǰʾʲô䵶˵ԼѧΪ䵶ϡⲻôǶעȫ䵶ˣľܽ˫𣬾Ȼһٱڿȥȥ趼ʶˣף֮ǰǿڶˣ˵ôսʤ
Ҷ찡ңǱߣһܲסҪȥӡٺ٣Ǹҳ壬ǾӮˡ
ǿֿ§֮£ܳŵʲôʱ
˸еʤ֮ʣ͵һȴӹ̨ϴ
ס֡
ľȴϾ鸽Ϊλö϶Լʤأ˷عЦתһס
ľܣΧˣҲһͿ
ԭ󺰡ס֡ģΪö˵Ͼ飬ԱһֱĬ¹派
һ֣ȫ£֮⣬ȫ¶ɫΪö˵Ͼ飬ֺ˪һ㣬ʵĳ˲Ǵ˴αĲöˣֺιʴжϱ
⣬⣬⡭
派һ鲻ƵؿԼĻңڲܴ
ĪҰԶ͵ؿȵղģTMDʧķ費ɣ
ʱǲ派ͻȻǾ긦һ㣬վкȵľͷסĪҪ̫أǴ˶֣㷽Ҫ԰ܱ۵ġĳΪ룬ĪҪ
ȻŶԭ派ʧִӣʹųѵİ
ľڣĪҰҲƺͬ派ϱɣΨˮһƺΣյҶ˵ע⣬派⡭
ҶҲųȻָѣӣɫص˵ղ˵粻ƫƫǰɽׯûţֻһֱ⣬ҲΪԼ´Σʱ̣Ϻ¶šֻǲʱֹһݵʱ̣к⣿ܹվʲôתɣ
˵˴Ҷͽˮͬʱ˲ذĿⶢĿȫǣվӡ
ʱңңһЦľܣ۾м쵽ʹͣ
ľʤգȻЦСӣȰЩСۡһӴʧɫԼİоȻԷʶơ
ߣʶƹʶƣ벻һеĵʲô
һҧ̽뻳һץס˻֮

ľһȣһһâɳֱǰǵٶȶͳ֮ǰϡ
á
Ӯˣ
Ҷ˺Ȼе
ľ¶ŵЦݣ˾ԼӮˡ
ٿȻ䣬ľЦݶԼϣǰԼӳȥġذʱȻڿбƵ硭
ľ룬һı䣬ԭڶԷֱϵһ˴Է࡭ԭ˶ֵһУ˶ȡԷ
Ķ˵ʹɱ˶ԷľҲκΣʱǰ˵ı䣬Լɱ˶֣ʧܵıԼһ
иڴˡԷһУԼ£ȡһʤֵĳǹݡġ


129 
һ˲ı仯˿Ʒɵľ֮⣬˸ûпһӵԼǧҲ˵
ľûʱ俼Ϻڹһ
һȣһӣǰѲಿλУڲؿǰһɲǣȻƾϷϴһѪ֮󣬷ɵ˿Сǧһ֮ʣסһС
ľһУǿеĶһ㣬תء
˵Ŀ⣬ʱֱ㲻Լ۾
ҶǡѽһָľͷָͷֱʲʲôôTMD棬ɰɽнɰ
ҶһһէĵԱ״̬˸ˡ
ԱߵĪҰʱֵ˴ɽĽͨɫοϵĪʲôǡǣ񡯵ԵʣšãľСġ
ĪҰ䵶شͻȻӶȻӳһâеľܣɵȣΪľʾ
ԭľܻջǰѡ䵶ȻûеҪӵҲӴӻͳصɱһ˸ոյľܡ
Сˡ
ľܰһӲ֪ȡʤҲӦ֪ͷԼƷɵתһ벻˲Լ飬Ȼ֣Լ
źâһֱڶԷУԼѸ֮ʱԷȻʶҪѶͳЩηҪǸطܹ
Ȼ֪Ǻ壬ԷȻð֣Ȼܹ˲ŤתǬĴɱԼܴ⡣
ľһ죬ǰһһâڹеһͬʱһ죬һѷԼ䵶Уһ˲գؿ䵶âźڹײһ𣬽ţһˡ
˶һڵء
һ㣬޴ıըһ˲䶼죬һɿ˴ӱ̨мɢ
Ҷڱըһ˲䣬Ƶ˸ǰӣԵĽˮ˽ȥ׼ȴ˴ɣȻҽȺУһĪҰ룬ȴǽֵס˱ըĳˣܵ˺˺ŷӦ
顯ǡ顯˵ȻŪ⣬TMDʧôôˣĪҰ񺰴УҶȴ͵һ𣬾ˣľ硪
ѽľ
תһɢһı̨ϣͷľͬһ㣬ڱ̨ĽУ֪ľܲԶĵطʯ̾͵ı̨ϣһһɵӳڱ̨ϡ
µʼٸߣǸӴʱѪۣſڱ̨һ࣬˫ԴŻ²ֹ쵰ڱը֮ʱ뱬ըȽԶܵ˺Ƚᣬֻڱըನ֮ʱԴʱֱ죬ԿƷֺǿҵѣθ˾ҵŻ¡һкʵʱĶѣϢһʱ䣬޴󰭡
ֻͷľܣ뱬ը̫ʱѪֹѾ˻ԵС
֮ͽTMDɱ㡪
ĪҰ˻ԣ֪ʱ˴ŭӣҪ¡
ɲ£Ϊͷ챨𣩡
һʿҲһͬγҪԼͷ챨
һǷ̨סȥ·ͬʱϾ顢派ԼҶҲһԾ˱̨
˵ʲôʲô˾벻ǲǣ
ƨĸӲأĵİ͵Ϯ
ĸð͵Ϯħ۾һУ˵ǰľѾ˿Яİ䵶㲻ǰôõãΪʲôòã
㡪ĪҰҪȴһԵĲ派ס
ǲ派ʱһʹȰĪĪҪŭµȷԹˣľ֮ǰѾ˵ԼҲҪðģʱΪԷİֶΣ㲻ء
ĪҰţһɣŭTMDղģTMDǸѵ֮ǰľѾҪӮˣ˵жϱ䣬˴Ϣֵ֮Ҷ룬TMDҲϲʣ派յĹһˣô㣿ŲһƱ㡭
派뵽ĪҰ¿ƢﲻϣԼôһţûƤɫ˲࣬˵ĪҰ룬ĪҪ룬֮ǰǺľͷ죬˱ˣĪҪѪˣҲΪ¹ź۸
ǱҲһԹ룺ûǵõİƾʲôͲãӮǾˣTMDʿޡ
顯̫㲻ðϾɫĲȻŭǿ˵
ׯ⻰Ͳˡħ˵ʣŵġ顯㲻ǰأ˵֮ǰû˵ôôӮ֮㲻أѵׯǹǳͷô
ħһ仰ȴʵϾƿԣŵġ顯ǽϡʮ֮һǷ조顱Ĳƫػȼյԭġ顱вͬȻһƷ롰ʮ֮һԭƷʵԲ밵ˡ
ϾΪ˳͢һֱؾ˵ݣж֮ǰʲôҪ鷳ӰƻʵʩȻѾôãʵûҪڴʱһ
ϾĬƬ̣˵Σ⡮顯̫Ķʽʢ£дڳϡһٳ֣ʧ۴
³
ʲô˼ⳡأ
ĪҰ˶һֲ̫ĸо
ڶ䣬ʤ
Ͼ˵֮תߣǴЦĪҰȴƿڴ
TMDӲ
һӻ쵰ֵĸӹ֡

ĪҰ룬ǰࡢһľܵˣʮȫǼ߷ߣݣԵڶĽ˿򵥡
ˡ
һȣҶﱬ
˴ʱľ˺Ե˱һֱû¶ɫƺһֱ˵ľ̽ӣʱ顣
Ҷɫ˫Ѫ˿ܲսֱðȻŭ˼㡣
ϵܣǲ˷ĪҰ뻹ҪȡΪһıǱ֣֮Ψһһλᣬôܹһ˱˱䣬Ҳ̫Բ˻Եľˡ
ҶֹĪҰ˵ȥ˵İɣĪ磬ңзִ硭Ҷʱŭϳ壬ʲôȥˣķŭˡ
һĳĴ󺺣ΪԼͷˣԼ˵ùƨʤʧӦøʲô𡭡
λֵܣ鷳ȥҶ˪˵ⳡ䣬ˡ


130 ʤ֮սһ
Ҷոռľܵơ
ȻƿֲЩֻƤˣأ⣬ȴڡ
Ϊ뱬ը̫ľܼ඼ܵ˲̶ͬȵˣѵͬʱҲ˼صˣֵƣ飬һţûġûоҽ֣зǱȻպ˵תᶫ΢һ㶼
Ҷ絶ʡ
ʤʧʱʲôϵ
ʱܷסҶ˵ѾҪˡ
СүȻץסһΣԺץڶΡοڵѹһзûӮʲôϵ
ڣСүⳡҲûϵҪɱħǸ쵰ľܴһ
Ҷˮ˧ĴһͷԤʾżȶĿʵʩ
̨ϣҶħӣ˵Ⱦ̨
һʤȯգҶһȴɫɲ
ɫ磬̫ڰı̨³ҵ⣬ðʯĹΧοʵİɫȦʯƳɵı̨һž޴İƣԶԶȥ̨ϵˣɾС
𣬱ЩʪҷĿУ˵ζ
Ҷħӣ˵мǸ顱ըĴӡ
ߣƵ
ǸĵӰ
ħӣŵЦ⣬ϷʵؿŶСͯ
ֻˡħǰСͯӶԷĿУħӾȻܲһ˿һĺ⣬ֻǡĿԼ
ߣš
ԽŵˣħӾԽǸе˷ܣӲĶ֣ŶԷԼֶ°ģѪڡ
ɱģҪʹ࣬Ϊζ˵嵽鵽ʹʲôšĸ첲ǽ߹ǲĳأֻҪзִ磬ڴѪһʱ˵ġ
ʱԼһܶԱߣһĺǿ۾ͣѪĭһǲʽ
ȵ󣬻ԽôѾ˼ô࣬αءħȻ˵
ϻô࡭վŵͺˡ
Ҷ˵꣬תһԹ̨ϵϾ˵ׯһ󣬲֪ɽ񣿡
˵޷
ϾĿǰҶȡʤЩСҪ󣬴ӦҲûϵ
Ҷ˵ҼҶļѣ֮ʱҼҶܵһ׳ɫ
⡭ϾСͯٶΪ죬֮ʱҪʲô٣ǽˮȷʵǷٴҲԼж
Ǳ롭֪ħǷûӰأ
ħһ㶣޷
һٶѣǸˮӲΪ˵ҲûǷݹ
һ䣬ҲͭƤǣʲôа˵ң˵Ҿ͸ãٿ΢һЩ˷һ㡣
Դħһ񹦣쳣ǿÿαȶɻʤǰǷԡѪսļ飬Ūħ˽ֵ֣᲻¡
ˮһȻֳ֪ôŵν£ܹ˳ް£Ǻõġ
ˮߵ̨ǰԶһԸ˱ٰ¯£Žˮ˵ؼٵްҶͷʾ⡣
ͬʱеҶҲɫһɡֻҪܽԼΪȡʤУõóˡ
ǰϤ¹ʵѯʹ书භսȻ۵üչѧ˴ŵ˽⡣ռ䣬ҶȷԼĲ²⣬ѧΪģ似Ҳķ͹ΪҪǷ䵽ͱƤ֮ϣƺΪҪʵûĹ䣬ֻķֵסıġ
ԣֻҪöԷֶݵͣͣۿۣԼʵ˵лɱԷ
Ҷ׿Ȼһ˼ǣٿȻ֮κӵ˼Ѳڣ֮·ֻеĳ
Ŷ
ħüëһĸ⣬û뵽СͯԽ˸˿ٵıԽ롰ὣ֮⣬Ҿ硣
ԽٸߣΣھĽУ޷Ƶķǰһпõķ
俪ʼ
ϾһȣԤʾһı뵽һֵС
Ͼ黰䣬ħӱЦһ󲽣Ҷǵģħδչκͷ·ԼԺɢһֱֱسҶ˹
ƻңΧ˲ɵûȻ
Ҷɫ˿ΪƮȻǺһʣƮȻһһֱָħǰءħӿЦѣãֱͦӭ
ᡪ
ħһ⾹Ȼ벻ħֺԷƤûƿһǰ㣬Ҷǰ̣ȻҪ۶ϵ졭
ҶһŤ󣬳ٿȻֱŽҶƮȻˣħ֮ľ롭
⿿бȻƿԷķ
ȻĿ࣬ĪҰüͷħӵķǸӻҪʱڳеԼȡʤˡ
ʱ򣬼پĽҲͽ޹ˡ
С飬֪ħӴү˰ɡ
ħıСͯȻƲҵķƲôȡʤأ
ҶƮ֮󣬸һأϣٶȻӿ죬ֻһĨӰͶ˵һâҶڴʱǰ뽣ֽĹͷȻ̨ףһֱָǰ
ħӲƫУһȭȭͷʵȭҶϮ
Ҷһת߰ƹħȭ棬ݺݴڶԷҸѴҶغ󣬽ż㣬ùԷѵȭ磬ٿȻħӲ˫վ֮ʱҶбָ⴦һĨѪ䡭
һΣҶٶƺĹ䣬жҸѱöЩˡ
ħվĨҸ£һĨʺٿȻ¶Цݣ˵㡭Ȼδ¿ƿҴķֵ˷Щˡ
˴󻩣λĴӣȻʼնôս˵λĴӣһͼϣǴﵽ弫޵۷ǿҶľӳ˫ش֮£Ҳ˵ˣҲֻ˶ѡ
ħӽȾѪֿֿһƷǾ棬˷ܵ˵֪ôþˡԴˡ䡿ҺþöûԼѪˣÿ˶֣Ҷ᲻˿£㲻֪жʹ࡭ֱһΣиˣˣҲŷ֣ԭԼѪǼ˷ܵ£ÿһν֣ҶⲻѧΪľöԷ˵ңѪ񣬺ٺ٣ɹˡ


131 ʤ֮ս
ħ̧ͷʱ˵Ϊ֮䡣ԭͭɫƤڣļ⣬ɢһƽĹ䡿֮ǰǸ壬ȴЩɢٿȻͬħļ¡
ڶһħˣһȻɫ䣬˼ˣʦҪˡ
ĪҰˡ˻һһ벻ħӻ˱仯䡿պգû˭ܰŴⰤ书˸ĵزħӣٹ꣬˵һء
ˡ
һԵٵĽˮһ䣬ƺҲħӵı仯ŵһҶȴ֪ǽˮڴߴԼĪҪеĴڡ
Ҷ˫Ŀһޱϲ޾ηħԽԽǿɫҲԽԽݲöԷ۵ĹҶХһ𣬽裬һħӡ
飡
һһֻ˶ȭͷסҶһ
䡿Ĳ㼶ѲļǿǽǱҲһͬ˳ħӣٶȺϣѾȫҶĽˡ
ħӼû˱ܣҲûз⵲ûԼӭϣһ֮ǰһһȭݺݻҶһĽ⡣
Ҷĳ类ǧشţ֣ھѣܵ㣬æƼȥͬʱֽȫĽܷ
ħӿЦбٶȾȻڶ˲׷ҶٶȣһڣȭɫâһðһҶ⡣
һ޿ɿľϮҶֽʹ˱ôӿе䣬غģסΡ
ħħХ˫ȭ꣬Ҷӭͷ䡣
ȭͣħҶͷϲ䣬ÿһȭٽشȻ䡣
¾Ž㽣ƲԷķʱҲ֮أҶֻܲšתơʩӦ¶ֵĹһʱ֮䣬ħͬɽһĹҶƣڱˮڵķȴ
Χ˻ǽк죬ǽ֮˵Ľȭ֮䣬ɾǴ˷ģ˵Ŀ⡣
Ȼ䣬һ£ͬʱһ죬ħӱһɷ֮ţһ٣ֻһڣӰ˿̣֮ľٴԶϡ
һƬ֮ϲʱѱѹ޵ҶתǰʽȻ漣ĽħӱɱһȭأԼѣɱ֮ͬʱħӵֶθ߳̾Ϊֹ
ҶһһСѪгȻңңָ֣Ϸɷֺ
ħ˫ָڱңңҶڷ޷Զħ˫ĿǰδâȫĵһС似Ȼħʳ޵У»ĵˡһʲôã
ҶһĨѪЦɿ佱СתơħĪǡ
ħϸ˫۾ⱬ䣬ȵתơ֣ǡ֮ս㾳粻ߣãֻоұκ㲻ãʱƲҵġ䡿ҹġתơͷħԼԼȻʤϣҲѿˡСħӽʮɫߣѵôᣬǰ;޿ϧȴǽӡ
ҶħѷӮȡԮı⣬ΪȫɱҶպΪĸ󻼡΢ЦܷɷԸ
˫һϯȫٿȻ󾪣Ͼȣ
˽Ϊ뵽ħӾȻʤҪСͯɱǽԷ˱Уӳ̶ȾȻкв
һССͯȻħӣ˵ȥǿ𽭺ˡ
ħѶϾľȻȫҶ
ҶâݡṦޣٷˡ
ҶƮǰƴ߶ɽһ߷ˣһ߲ؽͼʹħ޷׷ʹ
ħȴ㲻ܣӲײ˽УУĽħϴߣȴ޷ֹԷӰֺ̼嵽ҶǰݡŲת۸Ϊ⣬ٶϣȴǷȱħӿȫһݾȻ˲Ҷǰ˫ȭ𣬴˵ƿź춯صҶ
գ۵Ĺ䣬ҶӲħй澢شȴֱ仯޷˷κνǶȹʮһʱ᧿Σ
ҶϽâţȫչ¾ŽеľУħӵȭ棬ħα仯Σͷܵħӻȭ֮ϣͬʱϸԡתơķеġƷϹƵͣħȭ浱е
˫һӴħǸеһյĽԼȭ潻аС澢Է㲻ˣ϶Էϵкزһ֮ǿĵͬʱתͬݣħӵϵˮһ㣬ǹɵȥС룬ʣµĴҲת֮б˦һԡ
˿ħӰĹٲҶǼʯٲʯײˮĽÿνȭħӺɫմȾЩɫĴɽڼӲİϺһһӡ
Ϲ֮ʣҶ׼ᣬȻšתơ֮һӡ
ۡ
ҶһѪͷħȴƵɡ
ħܹѪҶ˺ɾ룬˱̨Եŭ߳һ׷
ҶϹһЦħӿŭ֮Ҳƺﲻԡ

ոջڣһֱԵȻʧǰҶȻֳֽȴ֪ʲô
Ǽ䣬ҶһһٴֳΣԭǱҶڵϣ嵲סʱͻȻƳĳ߳ٱبǰһͷڵϣһͷұ֮䣬Сָһңˡ
Ҿ졭
ħûһţ˫һ;׵˫ȭһٲάֹ̬ٿȻ֮ʱԾ˺һ
ˣˡ
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ۼԷѦĹٴѣֽҲֻܷ׷ҺƶԷݷֺ
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ࡢһһָͬ࿴һۣһĿⶢһϡ٣Щ˾Ե⣬Щ¹ŵĵӣҲһҪʲȻôԵΪ¶˵ľͷ졣
Ӱ׷֮ʣĪҰѽħΧ˸ˮйͨߵˣҲһΧ¹ŵӣѱɽׯׯ廨˸ʵ
ĪҰɫ԰׵ħ΢΢һЦ˵ħ֣˵ǹʹĸоΣ


133 ̶ߵ
ĪҰһ仰ħӻȻҲδϵԼǰȴ˻ȸں󣬶һα֪ԷݡħĿһƳҪ˵ȴۡһѪ³ͬʱ˹ȥ
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ܺãҹ
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134 ϥ̸
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Ҷɫһ죬һػѦǡʮ֮һͬʱҲǳ͢һ֣ݴŴһ򲻳һֱפšħڹѺĶһʱ׼֮ͽû˵ͷ뿪ħ벽վȻü͢ľ֮⣬Ҷһжġ
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135 ǰ
ϴׯȴֲΪͽôβܣ˵ʵڵģδׯǷһأҶʵǸ˨ȻΪ˵ԥϰ䡣
ˣñáʶСӵʱҲ֪Ҫþá
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ꣿҶŵضѦĲһ룬ŻȻۡͷħԳ
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Ѧ˵ȻҶ˨ΪͽЩԥһǽͽϾߣͷӲ顭
ϧҶϾ鷢˨ʣΪͽû뵽ϾԴǳ͢ĴƣͻȻֵΪ̷ǲҪ׳ƵġһҶĿɡ
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㿴óŹҶһݣȻ߻񹦣ֻǴĴĹڹķͻŹЧǿܿŹĲϡ棬ϡžȻһܴԱʶŹǳ
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ǸҶͻһ죬֪Լʧˡ
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Ҷ˴ȻŪ˸ºȻû취ԼǰǳɳںƽģĶҲǰ칫쵼ǰƨǸĸ˳۵ͬ°ӣĳǸҲھư椵ʱװװʱһ߲Űٶȣһ߸Ϲװװ˶ѡСʱѧʦ̵Ҳ⣬ҲˡأǸĸ˲Ǵѧҵ֮ʮѧ׵ĵ
ҶİݵϿ˵Сɳ潭ǳǰָ㡭
Ѧ˵ͷҶ̬ʮͣǳģ˲֪ǳԼȥȡ飬Ȼַõһʧܱ̫ǰӣĲ̵ۣ̬ȣֵ˿϶
Ѧ˵·ҲӸһ˵ϰ׸ı䲻ˣһǲ׸ԣǿԸ㼸
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136 
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138 
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ͼԿ϶͢ԽȫСһֱ˶һ飬ľ޵帽ӹҲǽԱڲ񣬳͢û취˵ǶľжԳ͢мȺøеˣһ漰Ҳν롣
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139 ޽
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ĪҰ뼤ѣæʵѦϼȻ֪ȭ͢жȻȫ׵Ĺඣˣ곯͢ɣһפҵѧжȻšȭɣġȭǺεȼ
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ʵĪҰ룬Ҳ¶һãȻɫһٶĸ֣ôܻ³ʱأ
һĲţȴֻľ¶һüͷӡ
ҶٺЦľһŬ죬ִ˴ԼЩʹĺЦ˵֪Ǿ׵˵뷨һҵҪҵĶ
˲ɵþȳ
ĪҰʵҶϵܣ˵Ŀģ
ҶЦĪ磬ѦǰǼ⣺סȭ׾ڹķģأ
һۣĪҰ˵ҵõȭ׵УһšǿһЩ綯ĵںŻ㹻׾ġ
Ѧͷͬȷˡ͢õĲƬȻϳĹҲȷϣȭڹķûԶ׾ķĪǣҶСΪǾ׵Զʮɽ֮ΪѰԶ׾ķ
ҶһЦͷ˵ˣʣµ⣬ľܴһ°ɡ
˵ĿҶתľ֮ľܷŻȻҶһֶۣǰƤ˵ǽԶתԵĹƤϼ¼ĳĿ
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ľɫһ߸Ƥһ˵Ƕ֪ľڵģӰ죬尴һתԲЩΪƶ󲿷ֶԵȻеޣȴԶ
硾ԣǡסԡ
ǵģеĴǻ߱ùϵЩܹܵĲ֣ⷽĥ޽ʿϣľӣӶÿ޽ʿʹʱ򣬶ԶĳЩܣҲǻѧ˵ġ湦
Ҳ˵׵˼пΪʱԶתΪסԵԶʮɽˡԵʱ͢ɵѹ׵͢սпûʱ书ҲʹۿۣѡѧΪͻƿڣҲͻ롭þͷһ񣬷ԭֱȻٴӭһƽ١
ǵҲδءľľȻ˵
ΪΣѦ׷ʡ
ʵҲôȣΣԹ󣬼޽ӳɹʹ֮⣬㵱˽Ҽ޽ӳɹˣǸĲҲĺܣױٻҲǺ㶨ģ˵һðΣռ޽ӵþֻܲһǰܣпܼһܡҪرһǷǳĳʼƣҽΪ߳ˣǼߵȶȶϡȱһɡΪѴﵽղŻڲʧ֮ԲױΪȻʹ÷ÿֻʹһΣһ֮»滭ʤڰȫԸߣظѾȫסþ޽ˡ
˷Ŵһжĸоԭһֱ˿壬Ȼ˸߳ļַȻܹѧ֮澶ͬһԶ湦֮治СĪҪСӢΪá
ҶǸпǧ벻һƼ磬ȻҲоȡֲļҿĸߣΪ˷ڲšصʹĳɹʴߣչֳĹܣԼĪҪӴΪáոҶ鿴Ǹͼŋ翸󡱿ŵ˼ʵʩķûзŋ翸󡱶סþ޽ȤֻǷһС֣еġҽһȼ͸Ĳ˵ȫϣҲл޵ľ޽ӳһµľֵ嶼޴˵׷Դٽҽѧˮƽ


140 С
Ĳ˵ֻǴ˴ľΪԼֲзϣ˵µתȻȻҪһǷֱܹ۸ԭһʼǡ޽ӡ·ҶǰԾģҪҽߣΪľܴ޸ֱۣѰ
Ҷ뵽˷֮תߣصԼĮ̇ϣܱʼ飬ͻȻеչ죬̧ͷʱȴ˶һĿԼɵúȻЦĪҪֻ֣뵽Ҫг¼Ȼҽһˣ׼޽ҪˣĪ磬ľ磬һ׺켶ѧԴѡǿʵĹ۾ײȱȭǾô
ȷ
켶
˼ͬʱʵ
Ҷ̧ͷһЦȻȷĪ粻˵ԵʻᣬŪȦڵĽ׻ôǺǣûи켶ѧλ֮Ӣأ

һĴЦĪҰҡͷ˵Ӣ֮ƵģΨѦһ˶ѣҵȲǣǿѣӢۺܡ
λ֪ѦݵСһĿͶѦŪͷӿЦѣҡͷ̾ŴͰνɽв˳ɧꡣһнľͷӣʲôͷϻ˵ʲôϷ򿴵۵ĶϽóͷҲԿ䣬ôͷǰܡܵǣЩϡŹֵĺͷһЩ⣬ʲôöͷҾģ֤Ƕкô
ѦˡͼĴ̼鼫˷ܡǳܵ͢õʥ˵ܵõκôԱȻĿǰϰ¾ľͷˣҲǲ̸Ȩڳ͢Ȼľܵ޽񳯰ݣܽ͢쵽أչϣʥǱߵġ
һԿҶѦɵúЦҶСӼթһѧңõ׬⡭
ҶͷҲ̧˷ܵ˵ѦҲ˵ˣѧСɷֵģ͢ˣеʲôֱ𡭡̧ͷѦһЦ˵Ѧ˼žѧĻ۸񲻷ƣҲе̸
ѦٿȻһŹЦҿɲСͷĵʲôϲϣ˭֪ͷ᲻ᱳٰѧϼסȱһʶʶͷӿʮС֡ģ˵Ҵ丮ʶķţ˵Сӿռ˴˵ġ
ʶʵĹǲ湦ô֪ҶֵеʶһԳĬİͻȻʵ
սţȻݵһţ湦ֻô似ԵĹܹĽʵ湦ȴûУʱ湦ȻܹʣһǺ켶ѧһʱɵȷǳϧԼ޳г֮⣬似ʦڣûʦǲ˽ԴڵģбǼҴ֮һʱץӸΣòܡ
Ҷ˵⡾ʶܶĦڭǾСۡǡࡢ⡯ʶʱǰʶ⡯ʶĴʱûУλѡûеȼ۵ƷѧҲУֵͷ˭ҪиʮӣҲһʶҲ֧˵仰պ֧Ϳԡ
˵вһҲΪ˶ӵܣʲķᣬǮ֮û˿߼ѧɲ˵оеģˣͲ
Ҷһڳ˶Ķѣ׷˼Լʲôֵýġ
ľܣ¥ˣһСණôӻͳذף⼣߰ߣȴΪأĪҰҲ֪Ѱ̿ʣֽһһᡢдһᣬҲƺںԼӵеƷ嵥ˮüĿЦţһŲˮǴģҵģѵд飬˷ܵæǰæȻʲôȴԹص˷Աҵĺò˷ܡ
˰ʱ˽ĵȴ֮Ҷ˺켶ѧʶܶĦڭǾĳ¼ĪҰ뷢ҶĵһСΧ׻ʽĻλ˶ʷᣬûϵⳡ׻ᾹȻҶҪһֱٰȥҲԽԽ࣬󣬷չΪ½ģһʢĽ׻ᡣ
׻һʼ˼ͱҶŵڳȤģԸ
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ĪҰСȭʮˡʶʶִ
ŵ˱˷쳣ٻĪҰľܣ˶㵽һȥٽм֮СףҶʧһЦ
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ҶˮԳһС壬õıһһ˳üЦĶš
磬ذʵֵƣĺ֮⣬ಿֶѰЩ㹻һѳˡ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷԼҲһ֪ˣԼĳûУΨһһֽҲħӵıбٵˣһԼѾճˡ
⡮ǣ񡯵˵ûû뵽ô͸Ƕڰϣľͷذưأˮţš
ҶüͷҲò⡣顰ǣȭͷСôȭͷӨ͸ͬɫʯɢصĹʡźÿҲܹ죬ֻðпɿƵĹܣδЩߣһĵʱҶҲǾȽϺ棬֮²ѡҪʲôôҶЩԺ
Сү潣ģû氵ġΪݹ۽ӹѧҲûʲô˲İ书Ҷѧġ
ѵֻӦõôҶЩĵ˵
Ҫô鱦Ļδ̫ˡ
һתͷʱԭǡ֡Ѧ˹
ҶæѦϹ£̡Ͼ϶ֳּڣೣ˲֪ĵʶҵ𰸡


141 ֳŵ
Ѧ̾ϢŸһɫġǣ񡱣̾Ϣľ󱿵Ϊռ˺ܴıˣʵ֪鱦ʵֵء
Ҷ۾һ䣬Ͽ˵Ѧϲߴͽ̡
Ѧͷ˵СӼҲΪ͢˴󹦣Ҳ޷⡮ǣҲСǣƾӨ͸ʵʵؼΪӲһִһֻҪ¶㹻ǿڻڵġ֡ǣıֻҪ룬໥֮Բ໥ľܶӣƵķɵʵӦڻϻһšǣ񡯣Բſңطɵȥ򡣲ӱȽϴֱҪգҪʱϰſԡ
ķǽǣУӦġٿȡ֮ĹԼɱУı֡ǣ确ʮеġ衯Ϸɣµġʮ׷ޡһƽʱһβɵĳޣؼʱ̣Բʮ֧ںһ֧ᣬ컨ַ似ɷ᡿ϱеġǣʮɷΧڲ׷ɣ˵ϵһ似ͬʱҲɱ󡢿ƷΧ㡢ĴɱǿƵõ൱ͬʱսʮֵΧ֪Ϸɵġʮ׷ޡ֮⣬ĻġֻءţѷʽƷɵƶɣСǣ̺֮⣬ÿһַɵԼĶأɲͬ񣻳֮⣬ħŵġٻҲǼɴСʹ߿ƣǹ֮ʱϢȡ׼֮䣬ʤС
Ѧһо߰˸֪ĺСǣıһֵĴɱ֮¡Сǣı󣬶ɱǿЩõĸˣԸԼϰ似רΪеıʺϵ似Щֻ֤һ㣬ǣܼ֮߸սĪʹãӦý似ص㣬Լר
Ѧ˵ЩҶ˳˼СԼӦѡʲôıźأǿ϶ˣԼϲҪԼҪ似ԽΪϵĽͣһѳΪԼҪģԼ˼ͽֻһѳܹӳԼսô
Ҷ۾ǰġǣ񡱣þû뿪ֺԺвͣػѦἰļֵġǣڣƬ֮ҶԺһһ˿Լ뷨
Ҫ֪ѦϿ֪Ҷ˭
ʦţëҪ˵һʦ㹻ʵڻǣʦ֪ģֻˣһҴһƷʦŷ˷ĽҵĽ̫ףǲطȵˣⱱҵıʦҮ˾㶼һʱܣһǿһ֮׾֣ϺõıϣҲ붯Գ֣㹻ĽܹڻǣģӦñ˵ˡ
Ҷ˵ͷЩУպлᣬҪѰһλһƷʦΪԼ
һĪҰ˽ɣÿ˶ЦݣѦһľܺĪҰȥҶʱҲλ͢УǿʥġͼҪȥȡһˡ
ҶһкŽˮصԼ䣬ߵ鰸֮ǰһдһὫһдõѧؼ˽ˮˮһȴһ༶ѧ鼸֡Ԫ
ҶӦ˵ڶֻ֣ҪѧԼǰչ¶Իһ༶ѧķΪʱԼѾûˡ༶ѧһᡱŵδʱ֣ʱ׻ᣬҶⰽ顾ϼʮýǽ¼ȴδ¼༶ѧ¼ϣһΡ༶ѧһᡱ
ϾǳսŵĵӣȻҶ֮ĹϵȽ׽ҲܽоڸҶϼȴǿԵģҶ¼ѧҪȫ˰Ϊ˵ӵģȫȻΪ֮һİ࣬ǲ֪ҶСžŵģ֪ҶλүȻܹݼн¼ѧ
֮༶ѧһᡱҶױ˶Դ˵ĳŵѡڹķʵǽӹС˵еĻɽڹķа󲿷֣һǻֵ̼Ʒġɽķ༶ƷġԪơɶԪơڵġԪ
Ҷ֮ѡôһ׻ɽɵڹķҲǾؿǵġȻɽɵڹ˵ȫ֧ڡȫķѧ
оݿɲ飬ȫڱ㷺ọ̈̄Ҹ֧ɣڴɡ𴦻ɡ̷˴ɡɽɡ´ͨɽɡһȫɡﲻ徲ɡһɣڽ˼ʽơ
ɽķ롾ȫķƣƽʱߡȵķţȺѵʱ˵ڹҲֻͬҪڼϰ˯Ҳɽ뵱ڴڹ˯·Ĺһޡ
Ҷһ֮Ҳ֤Լϲ
һšɽķ̼ķȻܵ༶ѧŪԼѣҶڻɽɵĹУɡԪơԪѧ
סԪ༶ѧڻɽʧˡϼ񹦡֮󣬻ɽڹеķڣ辶ϰϰھ˵ʱҼЧû߻ħΣգɺٵӦսʱʽھ฽ͻԪƴ
ڡѪһУɽšԳŹ桢Ԭ־ӡ
ͬԴȫ̵ѧҶĳŵܼ˫ϵĽһϵͬԴ˫ӵ׽
պСүٶһϼ񹦡͡칦ЩȫķĴ˵ӣн棬Уû⣬ƹްɣ㵱ŵӡ
ҶּɫĽˮ˵ܼסѧɳŵΪ£ĶҪѡ֮˴ڡһĸֿ֮˲࣬˼ϸ崦ΪĪϸѡպҲΪ˴¼ʵĻ
ˮЩ֮ǰϣʵҶҪԶѧԼԽԼİףպٲΪԼǽεĶӶأΪˮΪ
뵽˴ˮмѣҶҲŨĸм֮顣


142 ʱ
ˮ뿪䣬ȥ֮֮ǰĳŵȥˣҶûͬǰĵĴûᣬǽˮĺãˮڹʩ£Դ˵ĿҲ͸ӵ
Ҷϵǽȥĵڶعˡ׽𼶵ѧеƣһгɣͶ֮䶼״ǧǻŹļޡ
ҶϥϣɡһϵͳС๦ͬʱԺȴڲͣɽׯϵá
ϣԼͽʶһͬ˺ѣԼĶܽˮǿ볯֮͢Ĺϵ롰ʮ֮֡һѦ˽飬ĪҰ롢˵飬ʶľΪ׵ҲʶãҪջǱǷӵܡ
˵ǴաȻҲ˵ɱ֯ѪɷȺڵõջ񣬻ǿԳܵġ
ջ棬ӴõһӰ˵ѧõ400༼ܵ㣬Լһͻ500ܵ㣻
ΪˮġľԪõһΡƼѧһᡱ
áķõġƼѧһᡱѧˡν
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⣬һ顰ǣ񡱣һԺذףԼܹʮƱʮǴİ
ҶȱǮԷѧǴԷ顣ǲǷʱ˶Է飬Էպ͵üӱ
˲˵ǳսŵİ࣬ǼõʱϾƹ볤ս֮һεĵжԹϵô˵ǸùĳϾǳսţԼʹ˳һ٣˳սŵ棬Ȼ׷Źƹۣ
˴Լð࣬ڳڲӵԼѣǳһҪԸԼȾͻܵһķԣһҶͰǰƣƹ볤ս֮ìܣ˳սڲ֮䲻ͬìܡ
˽㳤սջǻƹ۵ľٶڲѾһ飬۵ʱҶҲһֶԷľٶӦԵ׼
ⳡСͽ׻УҶջ񣬿νǽ׻еĵһˡ
Ҷ򿪡ŋ翸󡱣鿴һԼġƸһ632ܵ㣬ơȡɫѧһһΡ
ʱڣѾΪܵ㷢ˡ߼ѧһȻѵá
Ҷԥؽһġ켶ѧһᡱȡˡڤ񹦡ġ̫ξҶˡڤ񹦡ġһһһѭĹպٲùΪȥԶҴĿˡ
̫ξӡֻҪԼĴĴָѨӴԷԽԼڣȡһ֣һ֣й޾̱ڤ֮޽ɸǧ֮
סڤ񹦡ԼǶһһɳˡ
ҪԼѾɣҶ̱뵽н¹ŵĵɾ
ĻʵѾҶˣԼûжձ˵ʲôϰֻҪҶԺԥп˳֮˵
ĿǰҶٵϰھĳϣҶİ취࣬Ŀǰֻÿ̫Ԫ
ʱܰҶģΪõĵҩ֮ǰʱܽˮ׵ö켶ҩ軤ЧԣֻҩЩ£ٻھ֮УԼС̫ԪͨеʣöǿЧĵҩԼҪپٶµˡ
ܹϾһϼҩ衿ЧƼǿҲǼһ㾳֮󣬻ٴνԭ֮һǵҩвʹһЩٶ£ԻӰٴνġ
еʿ˵ҩֻֻҩиȵӵСڤ񹦡Ҷ˵еӰ첢ûô󣬡ڤǿںϡͬԼݲؽвͬԵΪУԸȵͲ⣬ʣµľֻоٶµˡ
̫ԪЧܡ
ȡһ֧̿ʣҶֽд仰
áŋ翸󡱵ġϵͳҶ̫ԪĹ˸ĽܸɹĽԭƷѧΪ༶ƷѧŹȼ̫ͣһǡα̫ȭһǰ׼ġԪܹݵ༶Ʒǡα̫ȭĸѧۡŹĸĽҲΪֹˣ޷ٴֺܹõͬ͹ɽ֮ʯɽ֮ڹϣͻеЧ
ⱻµõġʶܶĦڭǾ
طӴ½ĹϹ롶˲̹֮ϰġĦ٤ӹĦضгɾ㾭Ҳǡ㾭Ϊƣ٤֡ĳЩط롾ӡֻ֤ӹеѧעĶʶܶĦڭǾעоĶ
ʶֱΪۡǡࡢ⣬ֱӦӾζصĵУ׳ơľ
ǶܺͻʵĶļ׷
㾭ҲǡļֶΣԡĿȻϲ硾׽ҲС׽İ˳
ʶܶĦڭǾǶʶеļǿ
Щѧ֣̽ԻѧĶ滯˼õƽáȻѧ㹻ҲûɱҶȡ̵ġ
ڡϵͳҳ棬Ҷڡѧѡˡ̫ԪڡοѧеѡˡʶܶĦڭǾڡǿѡѡˡǿѡ
ϵͳһ㣬յõʾڶʮպɣ¹ԤƴﵽȼƷѧˮƽЧ120ܵ㡭
ҶƬ̣ԥѡˡȷ
µĹ֮ԼٶҲͬʱǿ֮󣬾˵ĿԽһͣߡķԼ˵ļʾͻ½һ룬ԶԣսҲһ롣
ʱȻݣҲһ䣬ֻǱǰֻҪҶһ뿪ɽׯصϳ֮ʣʱٵı㶼ǿ籩ˣʱɾûԼǵʱ䡣
˼ˣӦþҪصϳˡԽ죬رǽԼΪ׼ʱˡ


143 ָͨ
Ҷһϡ
ʱҴ
̫ԪߣѾ˽ҶֽдԼǰҪߵĵط
ԼоٹҪĽĵط
һҪһȭŹԱʱܹ˵ʤ
ѡһṦ
ѡһԶֶ̹Σ
һʤǿ䲻У
ǽõĸѧúԷӳǵơ
һؽĽĵطѾһ룺
ڶṦѡ񣬵õ䵱ġݡ
࣬ոˡν
ֻ˰¾ŽܾƪѾҶգԵ֮ʱܹʱءʹãΪƣΪг̹ʱûʱȫͣ״̬
ɵ߰˰ˣʣµҲǵһ͵ûдɡһһȭŹ򣬶һŰַ
ҪƵҶһʱ뵽ǡɽơ׵ġŹһ壬ֻҪѧˡɽơ⡾ƷİֶΣһ
ϧ˰죬ŷ⡾ɽơͬȻͬΪһѧѧҲѧĵȼ࣬λΪ켶ƷԼոýеһΡ켶ѧһᡱһˡڤ񹦡ġ̫ξһߵòҲû˷ѵ֮׵ġѧһᡱҶڣܶһɽơ͡ȴҶЩȻ
ɽơǽӹС˵ңƷɽ֮ͯڸңÿһϲӹС˵Ķ߶Ϊ֮ԵɣҶҪ½ϳɹƵɣʽ֮Ʈ鶯֮;ףƾɣ书Ҷ᲻Ķ
Ϊɧ֮䷶Ҷԡɽơ񹦾ȴ֮ܵβݣʧǳء
ƷԻңеĸƷ֮һҶĿǰƹ˵ҲǼΪҪġ
ĿǰƹѧԽΪȭŹҲֻһšơѧ༶켶ġɽơȣƷƷĵ˵ҲһſϵĸƷѧĶʮҪ塣
ϧʱܵó
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ſп޵˼Ҷ㿪ŋ翸󡱣ڡȼѧѡ񹦾
ȼѧ
ԼΨһյĳȼ񹦣ĿǰֻСתơһţ˵ȼѧˮƽͣӦܹԼԸ
תơѧˡ
󷨡ЦҶ᡾ڤ񹦡ˣ˭Ըȥ
浶ȭŹУǼ࣬ĵ䷶ˡŹƷ湦ԵĹΪͣԵͳ֣ƷȴԵΪջеַ롾񽣡֮ͬ
ĦܴĽݲáʮá浶Ľݲ˵浶ʤġһָἰ͡浶ͬõɷġ񽣡ҲĦպ¶ȡ񽣡ԭ
һ£˽֮ʣԼһӣһ沨֮󣬵׷룬ǺεȵķɧǺεȵԵ˶ΧԼݣ˫ֻ浶նǼһʢĻǺεȡ
Ŷģ̫TMDˣTMDˡ
˷ܹͷҶһžѧͷͻȻиֹһΪǿѧҶǰȥ
񽣡ˣС񽣡Լѡˡ浶պͬ͵ġ񽣡ҪҪأΪһʮһ͵լУܾΪһŹʷļǿʿأ
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ˡ浶ѡ֮Ҷѧһݼ飬һʵˡ
һָҪ񽣡Ҫһָҡһָ硾浶Լαǿȡ
󡹦ˣ˵һָơ
ϣṦаٱ䡿ţԼѧġݡȻ硾аٱ䡿ҲǾֽ׶㹻Ӧˣʱòϸ߼Ṧ˵ԼĿǸ߼ġ貨΢ؿṦˡ
Сơףʲô书
ϸ֮£ŷνġơԭǡˮƮǧĳѧƷһΪɽһΪ족ϳơơʱ˫ɳаѷʮƣƷڽʮ֮ϣѧƷ֮ơ͵һ
ԭˣԼӢ۴ʱ򣬻ΪܹаƷʲôɰơ֮أԭơȻǴ·ġɰơͬȻͬɰаȴи֮Ҳ㹻
ֱִѧԲʺԼķҶ̧ͷһڽѧʮʺ˵ļһܹʮơԿƷҲί츳ˡ
һﰾʱж̣ѧϰ似ʱ򣬶Լиոջʮеġ֡Ҳ㹻ѧϰˣŹͬ浶һʱǷһԵĺá
ֿ񹦾ЩѧȻʮǿڵҶ˵ֲԼĶ̰壬̾Ϣ֮࣬ҶֻͷǷһ浶֮ʱһžӳҶ˲䣬Ҷ˾ϡ
ָͨ

ȼƷѧ޶񹦵Ըʩ߱ߵӵвͬ񹦾ҲӹС˵жֹ似
ָͨڡӢ۴֮Уһҩʦһž͸ָͷʯӣɷӼǿƻҩʦܲͨʯڹׯʯָ÷磬ʹŹ
ڡ¡УԴ˹ƱҩʦѴ˹｣ԿĪġ嶾ơ
⣬ǡ̡ʹк͡СġĦʿл̿Ҳ˹
ָͨ롾һָʮ꣬ʤҩʦ֮롾ʮơ󡹦ƽ֣ˡ
ŹʹõİȫûޣֻҪָĶܵɰֻһϣҶΪ롾һץһʯӻߵʲôãһˮƣ¿ĭҲõȫơʵáĳ䷶ɱϣָͨҪȡǿȼ
ҪǣŹ򣬲ܹϮԶҲܹϣ˭⴩ʯһָҲܲ˵ģһԹϱԵͷǹǡ
ָͨͨԼǿ񹦾
Ҷ۾һУٺһЦ
á
ˡ


144 
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ҹ磬šɽׯˮǰˮкɻֱθҶǰĨظըһļƤ񣬲ɵһ⳩ң
˽˯ΨԼڴϣɴ˫ۣȴûһǰľ⡣
ҹעߡ
һμ䣬Ѿʮ꣬ԼȻһӳɳΪһ¶꣬ʮ꣬ںܶ˵һˣԼҵѾ꣬һĶʮ꣬Ҳû⼸еľ࡭ķ꣬ƺδ١
һ̾Ϣת
Ȼ䣬һңԶȴƶԶɽϻ˹
ҶɲǼס鲻ԽסˣãȻԴţġ֮ľˮ񣬽ҶΧ
Ҷз·𿴼Ʈҷһ¾Ůḧݣϸϸңɫᵯߡ
÷̡
һ˲䣬Ҷ˵֮˵ݡ
ԭҲɽׯ֮С
ʶģҶǰѰϣ̤ʪʯСѰҹеƮ
һһ֮ҶӭҡҷȻ
ǰȤ£ǳݡ
Ҷѭֹ֮ǰ֮С̧ȥǡµһŮ÷̹ȻﵯݣһˣΨмΰԱߣϰһײߣȪˮ֮ڶ
Ȫز裬ҹݡ
ڵˡ
Աȴǻһһ٣һܶ
ҶٿȻһϳһһлԪԵİ١͡ȴлӰԼԺ׼͸÷̵Ϊľϲ˵ĵңܧû¥Уû뵽ȴ
һ䣬簧Թ֮Ůӣ˼֪ڵİˣǳͳҡҷӯȣٴ졣Ҷʱóˣԭأһǡ˵ϸ쳹Ƽʣÿһ֣һ̡Ϊ֮ǻ׳ʿӡ˵ñ˰ɡ
ֹһ̾
¹б֣ҶˣĿü罭ϵɽˮһ㣬üûһۡ
Ҷ硷֮ʫ鲻ԽصԲԣ¶Ϊ˪νˣˮһ䧴֮ҳδ֮ˮ롣

÷ݣȻһЦ֪㵽ˣ
ҶɫΣ֣߳ʩ̾ýˣСҡСֻԣѰ˹ԲǹƻԼġ
Ҷɫͨ죬ɫĴŮҹ˯豸յţҪܻɣԼһʱ棬Ѱ˼ײƣƻ˱֮Լᣬݵ湻ֵġ
Ҷ޴룬ֻҸطȥˡ
÷ĿתҶͨ졢֪ǱɵһʧЦæ飬˵СܴˣﲻΪˣڵ㡭
ң
Ҷһ˲佩ֱҹŮҵˣѵǡ
ѽ˵ŮУû뵽ˡ
˵⣬⡭ǸУ⾭ѾĳĶƬˣȻԼûʵ۾޵а
Լ֮ͯʧµһŮ֣֮Ҳǲԩ

죬Ҷ类һˮͷ£˲һ飬ĵţȻ٣ȴǻ
ҶȻ̧ͷ֮ʱƼ÷һЦЦضԼһ˫Ŀ·͸Լ˼һ㣬æͷӡ
÷ŭСӼҼңĪҪЩа¡
Ҷæ˵ĪҪԩңʧĵط
÷ǳЦƱ硭һ켣ɫȮ֮ˣ˵ǵ˼һһ˫۾ģСĸȥ
ҶһϲˣƦӷˣֱЦ˵̽Ůȥ۾ҲֵõġʱĪһߣҲҪõܵʱտŽ㡭
÷̲ɵýЦССͣ컬࣬պ֪ҪƭСΪͷ
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ȻûһҹĻᣬҶҲʲôȻʧ䣬ҲͣǰլеĻﰲοԼүǲͷҲ
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⼸һֱھϳæµոջתׯСӮ֮ĶԼȡʤħһָѵһġ֪ˣ
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÷ҲԻáڡ¥ϱ¶һ֣ʱἰĪΪҵġ
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ҶʱͿˣôյˣҲûϣͷǡ
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Ҷ۾գգͣٿȻһаԭһԣô棬ҳһԼһ˼ԭȴƫˡ
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һεȴֵǰԼ֮̾һ̾Ϣǳ¶󻨰꣬ͷҡ
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ˣѡ
÷ֻԼ㣬泩̾Ϣһж벻仹ɣǰˣΪɱǱŮ֮˼֮֮ء벻˼ա޹Ұı¡ܽˡ֪
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ҶɵÿЦ֮ʦСܿ˸ʦѧַԼĥġ
÷̳Ծ´Ҷŵ˵˵СܵɲŻءһת飬÷̼˵СΣ
Ҷνף
÷ȻһЦЦҽ⡮١͡СܣСܽոյ֮䡷͸Σ


145 ת
Ҷ˲
λụ́Ȼñ˵ĶԼ
⡭лҵİɡ
ţûǵôлҽ͸ˡ
ϷһЩ飬лҶүûü㡭
ǵģûͳɡ÷ȻһЦƤ˵ûͳɣͳˡ
ʲôлԪ͸ģ
ûǵҴСӻлǸôлԪ΢֮Ĺϵ΢һƷԴӦ͸ˡ
ߡ
Ūɳ׾ôлԪԷ˱лûıڵпܳȫҶˡ
÷̵ȷлԪ̸˺ܾãû뵽ӵľȻʱ򽫶ӵ˳ˮʵˡǣڹ÷ˣԼûȥʲôԭǲҴţ˿˫Σ
ôõĶ͸ң
֪ô÷ֲزŪһң˵һʦ˵õһǧŵ֣ҪʲôҪ񽣿һеϲеϲܾãһĽͣʲôҪκεĳǳҲܷӳǿȻõֻںõʦܷáǡ
ҶĬ
÷̶ɵȰ߶ѧȰͶԽͱϲһʱֹԼӵУһϧֵӵˣҲһ˸ˡ
ҶҲġ
ֻ˽ˣŻҪӵȫ磬ȴԶ޷ӵȫ硣
÷Ȼ˽ˣ˺٣˶ˡ
ҶЩǴȵģЩ棬ȴҲ˽ġ÷ҪռҶһҶʱҲռ
˵ʵԼȷϲóȥ̫ˣȻͷû뵱߸˧ôҲеںŲ
߽Ҫһ۾˴Ҫʲô

ʲô
ں
⡰١͡ںԷɧں
л˷̽㣬ҶЦЦ˵⽻ˡ

ˣɽɽƴƽ
еʧǷл첻̫̰
ͦţҧأ׵ͷѡ
㵱ӢۣҲҪһú
ԹԹͲ¸ҡ
̣ǬһЦ⺮
쳾ѽϵر
ԵҲ֪ĳ顭
һ׻땵ġɽҰм߸衣
Ҷܺãǰϲһ׸裬ĸʺ͸¶Ѻͺ
ǰǵʱԼʱȴǶ˶ʮˡĪҰ롢ãˣжܽˮ͸ԼʮɸѡĴ˺֣һ·Уͬؾϳǡ˵֣ɽׯУɲƴֵϾΪչˡ
еĻİ֣ľˣʱͷһеȡò̴ְ졣
ľΪˣȻȴԶУԸɽׯ֮УδС˵ľܵϳǵĿģΪҶͷزˡɽׯСҶĴΣԴЩҲͼΪءΪҲòһ㺩񣬲ϲ˵ҶεӦꡣ
ҶƥлĸͷһոµŽˮǵǵšɽׯһõջܰѽˮɸˮСϱҶ㾮Ȼһ½ɡ

ҰҶò죬Ц
Ҷһ߸ѱϣĪҰЦȵʣ˵ҶϵǺ£Ҳúø衭ʹ죬Ҳˬ죬ҶϵܹȻұˡ
ҶЦ˵ٵģͼˬ죬ʲô벻õġ
˸̾ҶǴţһٵҲͷѪڵġҶӸǾ䡮еʧǷл첻̫̰Ƿʡ̾
ٺ٣ˣ͵ľȻ䡭ƴµҪ˵Ǿ䡮׵ͷѡǾ䡮㵱ӢۣҲҪһú׸е߾ء
Ǻǣǿʤ˼ҿˡ
ֻǼ˰ɣ
һ仰˹Ц
ҶһۺЦܽˮʵһ·ٻ֪Щʲô
ˮȻһЦ˵룬ԴԸ˵ֻһ䣬֪һŶԡ
ҶһҲȤʵܾأ
ϲǾ䡮Ͳ¸ҡɣ
ҶһЦ
ܹȻ֪⡣ʱҪ˵һ䡮֪ĳ顯ŸӦڳλһͬʹ֪ĺѣλͬУСʵǳĺܰ
Ҷֵͬвǳ찡µ󺺰̴
ûҶϵʱ̶˸еĵطʸʮ㡭Ĳ˵һֵĺ־ĪһĪҰһ˵ţһ߸˸ؿڵλãĺ켶ѧλֳģּƮƣһ˵дͳ֮ʹǲ鷨˿ˣһܡ
Ҷæֹ˵ĪĪٿ佱ˣС޵ˡ
һ󿪻Ц
Ҷ̸Դˣͷʵӣ˵˵ϲһ䣿
һϦ֮䣬һµȵˣ˽۾ʣӶǴ̼ҶʵԼæصү׸趼࣬Ҳϲ㵱ӢۣҲҪһúһ䡭һ仰ƹЦǰ͵λϵŵһϲ̣ɡһ䡭
ףΪʲô
Ϊž͹ôԹ࣬ȴûôȹơ

һЦ
Ҷкȵáǽ˳ǣȾơ⣬ǴһΡ
˴кãһʱֱ
ۿϳԶԶҶλҪټһص˵Ī磬ʹ磬˾ϳǣǿҪҷˣҪԻлλأ㻹ΪСʤɡ
֪ʱ¹ش󣬶ͷӦǣҵ
ʹ磬뺯ģһظܰף˵ˣЩʱ򣬾齵ġϵꡯۡ
̵˵ͷסҶģְסҶϱۣ֣ص˵лݵؿһ·أ
Ҷö۾˼ͬհ̵ϱۣء
˽֮Ҷֵˮ˵ܣҸ㣬ЩҲ㱣ܣϳǷƮҡҲĪһסǰµǼҡϵꡯɣ飬ҲиӦ
ˮͷǣ籣ء˵һԡ
Ҷ㽻飬ӱ޴ǰУŻͷ˴ȵλֵܣСһǳУϣɡ
áʱϵܶҪ顭
ֵܱء
Сġ
ҶһЦУһ·ֱ̳ϳǡ


146 Ϯ
ۼҶԶȥ˻࿴һۣĪҰһ˵ˣֻҪҶֵͬʱǣˡߡ
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ҶɱƬ̹㵽˾ϳǵĶŽǰս٣ŵڵĶ鵱С
Ƭ̣ۿҪԼ֮ʱͻȻſڴ˺ڰϵĿлͯСʤ
Ҷ΢֮£̧ͷһŴӵһѯʡ
ҶСɣ֪үкιɣ
˳ֶӪݰлʷ֮ڴ򣬼ȻСʤ󣬻뼴һظɡ
ҶŶһԭǲֶӪˡ
лԪ׼Ӣ硱ֲãֶӪǰЭνĲֶӪһȺֵľʿûʲôս۵ҲʡֻԼ֮ǰȻȹлҶӵлԪԵĹϵδ׽λ˳ӭأ
ѵлԪķ֣ҾһڿʼˣлӰŵģ÷̵֪ͨлԪҵݣ
ȻЩ벻ͨҶҲûж룬ϾĿ̫ˣԼսǣˣѦвźá
ս׻ڣѦҲԼ̸һΣڻ˾ಿ⼸ҲƵİţҪлԪԣȡ⼸գలһЩֽ뵽λãԻϵҲΪҪ
ǲֶӪĶ˼䣬ҶһιŽ׼Ŷӣֱӽǡ
˳ţ⼸ΰָ˳״ϳǵҪֵϣָյķ
һ·еǸݰƺ֪λлСͯڸݵĲ򵥣ʾõСʤ֪ܲմ󽫾ȡлʷĽ飬ȡͬʱҲΪˡӢ硯׼Ǽµĸָ˰ǲ˰̾Ͷٽ˰Ҳʱ䣬ʼӪҵȡֲ⼸յʧⶼлʷĹͰǺǡ
Ҷ΢ЦͷҲ𻰣ȴǰһ䡰ƨ
лԪôҪָ͢׽ǰɣָϳǵ֣ҲЩ֡͢
Ӣ硱ʣʱ䣬Щ֣͢ѾּʼˣлԪưźãᵱϳǶȫر᱾Ѫȷ磬ڷ˼֮ϡ
Լ֪ʱΣգƫƫ޷ԽԽ˵Լϱ󡶼ûŪⱲӵڣɱҲ˺Щνĸֶɱ˼ΪʲôԼأ
ѵԼ̬ҶֲԸ˳ϡ
ո˵ҲףҲͲ˴ʱԼ˷ܵ顣ûǽţǺ£˷ܡһ֪Σȴе˷ܡ
ϱΣӵʷʫһ֪ѶȸߣҲ֪ԽҲ֪ǹǡܴ̼

ҶֽӹѧϷʱԼĽɫµļһǲȥԣôģ
ҶаˬȻ̸˲ѣǸֶӪĶݰ˵˼䣬ûлӦҲڨڨزٴ𻰡
ǰ·һ¥Ҷǵóϳǵʱ򣬻˾̽ʱͻȻϮ˾Լ˾˵Ѳţѹǳ͢ڳӣƭԼ˶ƭΪ͢˾񲶡֮һҲڹڻңĻ
չ򣬾ƾȻȥ롢ȸתͣ²˭Ҳ֪Ӯһ˭
תǶ¥֮£Ҷ˼룬ͷ׺̧ͷ֮ʱͻ
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Ҷҵһ˲Ա߼䣬ΪһߵĶݰҲƥǳǱ߱Ȼݰײһʱκһ谭пԼյأҶֻ¥һܣԽһ¥ꡣ
ڴ˿̣ǶһŰҲȻѣһξ޴ӰײŰ壬ͬĹǴһ㣬˳Ҷײ쭣;ףһײʵǷǵ³
ҶԽǽʱ̣Խܹ侲κˣʱᾪʧ롣
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ҶǱڵϣ̧֮ʱЩֶӪıŴңľм壬žž֮УʿƤױ͸Ѫ֮类ǹɨ䣬һʱǸݰȴΪѣҲŪѪؿ޺š
ǳײҶ֮ˣٶȲȻײҶոԾİϣȻһ죬ƥǧصĸͷͬɵİһ㣬Ȼײݰϣһͬײһͬҽһľ¥С
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Ҷһɶ񺮴ӼϺԣëը˿˲ˣ˿ȥ
˶࣬ҽֱ֮ʱдһƬңҶڿ˷ҪչӶݣһӰ֣һɹХ֮ԼٶӭϮҶħһ۵бϣӲӣˣһָһˡ
һĨƹֱϮ֮

ָͨڽʱҶȡһöõͭǮָһͭǮһжԷ͵ϮԷ籩İȻֹҶڿ͵ϮԼ֮˵ò
һ˵Ŀ꣬ɫ԰ͬˣ鲼Тſɥһ˥ضԼԼ·һˣȻʵԼŸˡ
һĨɱҶֺ¥µǸ˶մǰ޳һĹˣûҶе˵ı˵Ŀ¡


147 ħ׷ɱ
ҶһȶԽ°޳һԼӰȻŵһĹֵƥ˲вˣҶѾоԷԼԼһԷĴ˸ĵһ䣬ܿ¡
ʲôˣҶʵ
¹˲𻰣һԶ˴
Ͼţɱģ
ԷתͷһŴŰ̺۵˧׳Ҷǰ쳣ԶҶƺŵһӵѪζ
ҶͷƤһ飬֪˶Էݡ
Ͻ
ôҵԼô֪ɱǸϽϾţ
ʲôϾţϴˡ
ÿɥĵһһЦֲ֪ʱץסһһקһ죬ӷһקһ޴𣬿һӱʵȥǸһţԷһ⿪ѨΡΡתͷҶٿȻһæµǰһֻۣţ˾ϳǵġλҰɣɱҡ
TMDǽϳʱʹԼǸž١
Ŀ⿴ҶĿٿȻɭ
ɱ֣
ҶȻ˼ޣһб仯ڳǿĸ֪ǰ쳣
ۡ
ʮصĿɥ·һһ㣬ӵԴ˸ϡá
ͬһʱ䣬ҶеһǿϢԼ·ϮҶĸԥȫһţһ̤鷿Ѹ䣬ͬʱöͭǮǿӺǸĵ֡
Ҷ󷿶ҲͻȻһ˶ޱȵӰֻȴİܱȴΪҶȻһգǷ˶Ҷһһ£ٿȻ
ף
ոջ˴ҶͻȻʧǺɵһʱͷԣ
˧ĵһҡⷭരٴɱ¥֮ڡ
Ҷ¥ڣδڵ֮ϣʩչݡṦһĴٶѾļޡ
ԴըľмУһĵ棬ͬµգһĨ޵ĵ⳯Ҷ໮δȻ˵սľ
Ҷ벻ٶ֮죬ڿлæһ䣬˭ϵĵڿҲһתͬʱˡһ죬ٶȶȻһٴն䡭
ҶΣͷָָһе棬ĵʱ΢򣬼䲻ݷزҶͷƤ˿ҶʳָٿȻԷľ޾ֺͣöͭǮָͨݣƻƹֱԷǰѨ
ᵶһĹâ֣öָͨͭǮȫжϣֳ룬ӶԷɹǽһۡ죬ϳͭǮȻǶǽڵУֺ
ᵶȻڼ뽫ҶͭǮסձͭǮЯľһͣҶô˻ȻײһരԾ˽Уű㳯ųŷ񱼶ȥ
׷
ǵ̿΢һȶչ׷ȥȻھٶϻҪʤҶһͬṦףβȥĻǸһµĹˡ
ţߣΪŴǵܵסԼֵô
ᵶа룬ͬʱ²ͣ׷ȥ
űϾǾϳҪڣϳȻɣڳȻر͸ֻϽ嵱ΪҶֱΪЩΪݻأȴ֪ҶͲôġ
TMDɥȻˡϽͷ죬һ
ԷΪԼɱǸͷϾԼģȻԼ뵽ôһ죬ҶôҲû뵽һô졣Ҷû뵽ǣԷȻץ˳ľ٣ָ֤Լսʱۡţģ
ǶԷֻһˣƾԼʱֶΣôҲܿ⣬ԷͬҶֻĶӵķݶˡ
ȻˣҶûǻȥֱţΪµĸ֣Ϊ˸ոսǵĪҰˣЩܹħ̸֡
׷һӡ
Ҷǰƴɱᵶ̣Խ׷ԽҶ´󺧣벻ϾȻ˸߾֮ˡ
ٶԼ֮ϣԺǸ¹˽¾˸Сĳһ㣬ֱֱ£䣬ٶȾȻԼ£һֱδԼ·ֺ
ҲǸ˶ɵ֮ṦãԶ̳֮ڶǸ׻Ȼһ·ֱײײֱֱسԼƸ֮ϡ
׷Ҹϣֱŷ򡭡

һ¥ݶһɫ۵ĸ֣ӭֱͷñ߽ڵʵʵֻֻ۾εضԶƶˡ
һͳɳƵ𣺡ĸǺ֣ǰߵṦߵħ֮ˡõųô
һĽСĺˣȴ̫һ˵ӶǣԸЩĸ֣ɲάΰġûҪУ
һ˴ֺ˵˵ûֻҪԸЩԴ󽫾ĸ־ˣһԺ飬ǽɡ

죬һۼ˳֣˵󽫾٣̻ת

һٿȻʧ
ˣǵͳɳ֮һߣżëṦõ㣬ƨĲ£͸Ҷָֻš
̫ŵٴ𣺡Ǯƣ֡޷޷

ݶ֮ϣ˼ȫޡ

ҶȫʩչͷʹݡٶǷȱۼǺΡĳңڼͻȻ׳ֵ֣ԼԾߵ㣬οʼ֮ʣϮ壬Ҷ֮£аᵶٶΪξ˾ˣȻ׷ӵն
ͷҶٴʩչٿת۵ľݡʩչһбб½ͷ
ҶУһ¡ʵʵİεԼղԼĳͬʱУӹٿȻУӹʱ˻˻죬ͻ岻ܿƣãȻ֮ʱеٿȻֳأѪΪ֮磬һԼ絽бնݣһնҾ˵ɥ
ͻĺһҲ˿Һɢ
Ҷ亹ٿȻðɱʵʵĵͣȻԼļµĶ֣Ȼ˿ȴֿԽⷢĵǵȻ˴˵ȵزе֮˾ȻȻжʹ˱֣䵶˵
ħˣɱ˳ԣ˼Ҷģżһͷ㣬ٴԾһķȥ


148 ħ
һͷҶһѲ߾ʿͻȻ
ϾǾսı߾񣬷ӦѸ֮ӵĳìٿȻָҶͬʱ乭׼
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Ҷ²ͣͬʱһдʷƣȵлʷʹ׷ɱң
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ᵶҲ׷ͷٿȻ׷Ƕһͣ¡
׷ٶ̫죬֮ʣԷȻǰ
ᵶͽ㣬ڼٵǰУ͵ͬһͬʱн˸ߵ棬˳ƣҶӶмӹݺᣬһĨէַţͼٵδֺ׷Ҷȥ
һӶʮ˵ľʿͷ
Ȼ䣬෿ŵܴӰ죬ʮ˾ʿѪ磬˻˻죬ͬȺ߻ۣһ죬һӶʮ˵Ѳ߶ȫԱΣһѪ֮·̵ͬ޵һ㡣
Ҳ
Է׵ĵҶȶඡ
̧ͷٿ֮ʱĪҰ̤š
Ҷﻹԥ췴˴ɱٲ
һĺգԶŵھۼǧˣ˲䱻һɤסתͷʱһСͯģתһ¹ƥ⣬һװҩݵ¨С
ǵʵʰ¹⣬ӹ֮ٿȻһװ̳ٳ롭
Ȼأ̳һأ֮ʱǼ¹ӹ֮ˣٿȻѣɫ໩һ棬Ѫ֮ž㣬ãȻɢ
һУŴҳһš
ץ̿͡
ۼĳУƼȻΧðȻֵҶˡ
ҶСʤͬʱν֣Ծֱײеĵ͡
ۼĵٴһԵҶĪҰƤͻͻֱȵħǡħ
ĪҰʶ㣬һ۱ϳ˵ݣͬʱԾһ򵶿ͣһ˺Сģħڸ֣ǰȥĪҪлźа
پˣϡˮʧɫ벻뾸ϳǾͿֳ׷ɱæУԴںĪҰ󣬳ǿЩĵ͡
Ŵ̫࣬Ҷûнӽţµñ𲻱ҪħŸ֮صĽף²ƺȺд󶯸ɸ꣬Ȼ˲أֻҶٶȴԼΣС
ŴҵȺ˵ж裬һʱԽӽҶֻĪҰ롢ࡢ̵ȼ˹
Ҷ˵¨Уܿᵶ͵һն˦ɼ¨赲ԷĹ˳ץ˵һɳ˳ȥ
ᵶȻҲڽϻ켣ãɱ飬ΪħˣٱӵֶҲùΣش򲻹ɳӵֶΣո¨ȴӭɳӴ˸ֲ鵶ط۾ҲɳӴûۡ
ôһ϶֮ʣӰһȻƮȵ
һͬ㣬ᵶ͵üģѸӥãĿĹâչĽˮƽ
ᵶüͷһ壬ȻԼ˸ֶЩʼϲ
һŵأ󷽼ͬʱ˳ƻնʡ
ٿһ䣬طǰ첻ڶྐྵȻ˲ڶԷĵʮལŷ֮ˣܹԷƥһһ֮վΣͬʱɫ䡭
벻ԼΪڽĽȻסԷһ֮һӴеԷƵһǰԼܵԷĵֺµǣԷԷȻ΢֮УԼеľһӵһԼ費֮ƴ֮²ڵڶʮĽ֮ʱ˶ԷĹƣͬʱҲڶԷĵϽ赽һǰķ֮ڵϮ֮ǰŷɶݵѡ
Է֮Ȼʧɫ
౻Էһˣ֮ʱĪҰͰ̶ͷϷɹ
󺺰̿Һʵͬʿһޣûκ֮ҲĪҰ֣ȻĪҰ룬ȻԷһеΪ䵶ŶԷȥ
ĪҰʧɫ׷ϣȴȻһξˡ
年Сߣȴаƴ֮ƽʱũڲҩ񡢷;սʱΪʹãֱرʱǹڰлӳ޻εʽն޶ˡ
̵Ŀĺܼ򵥣ڼԷֳǽһ˸ߵ޵֮ʱ϶ԷĵԱȻڻӿڽ֮ʱڵתľ棬Եһʱ۵ǰӣֱԷҪƣӦ¶
ʵ϶ԷķӦ̵ԤϡԷȷڽսԷȴͻȻһ䣬ĵһ֮ǰӿΪʽǽ࣬תסͬʱͣĨ̵Ҫ˾һݣһתɱ޴󣬰̵ʮڶԷǰһһ赲ĻǣͬʱԷĨ̵ľ
ڴʧɫȻˡ
Ҫˣ
ԷỊ̇Ȼ˴ȣȴѸģȻԷɵľ룬ɻ䣬Է͵һ٣Ϊתٶ̫죬ԷѾȫʧһӰУһɱɱէ֡
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ٲҳɣ˵۽Уǵ֮͵رһǿ⣬ݺͬһʢĽ
Ű̵ͷƤʢԲ֮ڣֵĵطﳾ
ħɱ֮һԼ֮߷ƣĵ˲ͬһʢΪԲģɨΧһҲ֣𡭡
һɱ
һɱ죬и޶Թ֡
ҶС
̾Ĳֹ
һɱ֮󣬺ţǰħŸֻ֣߽֮һʮ׵ʬ޴棬ֻΪѪ꣬ķɽ䡭
ħ𽭺պա
һȻײУҲȱǱҪԳʱ׼ڼʩչܵĹԷΪ˷ǷȻ޷һҪӴҲ͹Ӧϣ֮һоʹ
ЩΧɱħŸֵİ׵ʿǷϻ̫࣬ʲôҲͲɾ͡ħĺպˡ


149 
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ᵶ͵һСգhṇdnҶС࣬һ֮󣬱С鼫ḻĪҰʱȭӣӿֱѹ˹ĹγɵĿձ֮ڶܼ࣡ͬŽκδϢ֮
Էһ󺺰̣𣬴ųǰȥͬĪҰ뼱֣쵶еֻأȫһҪĴ򷨡
ħʺϽսĨϾٶޣԸһ˵Ŀ칥ĪҰ롢ֵͬʱᵶЩԲסֻǿס壬ȫûУȫ˷С
书ͬʱħ̹ΪϤĪҰڴʱ̣ѹס˶Է桭
ʱһ˵İ࣬ǰսŵУʤƽڴ˿б
˻˻
𣬴Ѫ⣬ıͰ̵ĹͬʱڶԷϴѪۣᵶˡ
ᵶڱɫ⼸ڶˣ֮ǰһǡϽΧ͢Ϊ׵ѲʱͻȻֵͷһΧЩˡΪϾűħطǿѹסƣձϮ˾ϳǡû뵽ոѹסˣʱˣľƿһСڣѪ̬ڳһ˿Ǿǡ־壬ʧܵĿ־塣
Яֿ񹥣ᵶ᧿Σ
ԶڸϹ˵ĸֽ󣬺ʮˣ֮һµڷ࿹š
ͷϵһȣһ¹˶ζ״һٿձһףӷпɥŹХ֮һɶİ򽫹ȥУݽ׺ȥ޻صɱֵ쾡¡
Σ壬ΧᵶռƣϮ˵˱ˣâһðŹɢ䵭ٿȻһƬһ䣬һסϼʮýʩչ˲㽫¹˾УΧŶԷ
ߴһߣҶһӣʱקסԿ񱼵ˡ
λ磬Ǯ
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һ߷ҪǮҪĻ쵰Ҷٰ꣬ļǣۼѾ͡Ͻͷ콻֣ԼȴΪûбɶľϳǣڳŴɨôɾʲôTMDʯ̾͵ʯ·ŪԼʯͷӶ񲻵
ۼһС̷ӼߣҶȥһקסλ磬ͭǮôʮӻͭǮ
λʵͽĸǵǺ˵ҶͣѽλСֵܣսǣӻûأͭǮ
Ҷɫһ󽹼ͻȻǰһ
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һקסҪܿС̷Ҷ䣬˵λ磬ˡ

ıս¹˵Ŀɥ֮У˫ѧչš
һһ꣬뽣ͬãɻһƬɫ̣Χ¹˲ƲֻͣһϣܿⰽҪҶǰĳսŵҪǿ
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¹˽ٻĳֵŴһУ淺ЦһΣΪһƬ¹ˡ
¹˽Ӳ˫Ŀ׹һ֣ʹУпɥէ֣δаıֻǻ˱֮еĿմ͵һͬһһ㣬һƶĤļХͬʱɥըһֱڰϵġֽƬ֮䣬ԭΪǡֽƬĶȻƬڱЮ£ÿƬ澢ͬڵĵƬһŰɽȥ
һ֮Ľƾ⣬ͬʱǱĵƬɱһ޴а壬ͬİһͬΣա
౻Ǳѵһɣ죬һѣ֮ٿ֮ʱƬٵƬѾԼǰʱԼֽһʹ飬ǿűǲףҪֵǲܣԼҪҲѾˡ
ȻĿ֮ʣ۽Ǵâһ
ͬʱȻڽͷðԼһɼ䣬ԶһлλлСʤʹлλĪҪħˡա
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̧ۿʱԶҶһһҰڷĶ棬ץһѶ涪ڿУʳָա֮ͣһաһö棬һաһö桭
һ֮䣬ö汻ǿָɣЯųƵֱ¹Ҫ¹˱԰׵ɫ࣬һƬ֮ɫȻòᡣ
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͵ڵУȴȻһö棬ʱ󾪣æñӵһ£ֻǽ˱˵һشһ㣬һֵ
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еĴ涼ƴѧȼȼˣСӾȻѧģ⼸һֱһˣTMDѧİôôѧ
һʱʵĶЩ񡭡


150 Ϊ
֣һٻһ֮սپĪҰһԴ
ĪҶȻȵ߻һͷء
һ£ĪҰһһû㱻һĨвӡ
ĪҰӶˣôߵĶһƨ鷳
ԺԼֲ죬ɽׯħӣ߸սϳǣħ̵˸ڳſˡ
һ֣ħӺеһƴǺ۷ĸ֣ϸʤһ˲ǿѹסԷһζ˵߻TMDһѵġ
½ʬСħŹڵĸ֣СġʬѰըֻܳһһǰһй
ĪҰҧ£ٴֵָĵϸħ˵ע⣬Ǹ¹ŭȵ㵽ʲôˣô֪ʥŹ
˵ħˣһֱΪĪҰǿʶƵݵҶˣʱҲĪҰʶЩħ˵ĳ첻ѡ
ĪҰɫտڲ𡣿ĪҰʮҪ֮£Ȼ棬Ҳ֪ʱֵҪͷ۶ô飬ҲӦʱᡭ
˰ĪҰָ㣬ѸΧ¹ˣԵУ䱳͹һ˲ѹס˶Է棬ǰƣӦɥ磬֮꣬¹˴ʱֻƣӦԷֻˡ
䣬䣬䡭
ײ𣬶ԽԽһֱײ̹һ㳯˹ȻһжΪ񱩵ڳ
¹˽ӲӲӲسһ˿Ц⣬ʮϰġɷԪ廯ΪڡϽʮͷ쵱ŵýǰ壬ֻΪЩɵ˵ʮλֻҪʮܵǿĹͷ㹻Ļңʱȡ⼸׾١
ֵҪͷΧħ˿񹥣ϣŵħŸֵ֮ʣ֮һԼѹҶ˫ָ֡ͨͣϮħˣۼĴ˺ͼΧæӭǰȥ˳ֽӹһ˸ֵݹĳ¹ˡ
ҶΪǰħ̸ֵУ¹ʵѷȫӦмڵз˻ǰɱ
ҶṦ߾ԽڶڶҪͬǰͻȻһϺȣվס
˻ͷ֮ʣƼ˵ˮ̧ΣԻһ׳꣬ɱ
ˮüͷԽԽײȵȥֻңﲻæ»ˣǰһָŲԶһĳɷݵĴִԭľȡԭľסϮĸ֡˵ʾϷȷ˵ķλ
ڸһ㶣˱һȴϸġ׳Ĵִľսˮָʾ߾ԭľϮλǽ࣬²
һڴ˸֣뽭ˮϣΪ˼ɱΧɱ֮˫޼䣬ϮǿУȻ塣
ˮźλãԼƶ˺󷽣ӻó桰ͭġɫصעŵзĶƾɫݣƽ˫Ŀо䣬ȫתԼΣ
ˮмʮ꣬Ψһе飬ָָƷ˵ʱ̣Ҳֻʱ̲֤Լļֵˮɫƽ˫ֽץšͭġ¶а¾ģİɣ磬СܾʧҽݣֻչңҾ˭ۡ
һ̣ҾҪ֤Լļֵ
ˮһѾɱսҶʾǰԸȡ١
һ㶣ŻȻһͷٿȻȥ

Ҷ˿Щۣ׷ɱĶӵطӱΧΧˣɫתԼһüĸоʱҪˣʵ̫Բסôһˡ
ԼܵΣֹһΣҪǲɱ䣬죬о⵹ùӾûͷûβˣTMDȻǲСүùСүʹȫTMDݺΡ
ͷݵҶ˵¹ǰúͰй¹ˣһ̳⴦һŽâէ֣ƥش¹˵ؿڡ
۵һٶȡʱգﵽ˽ļ£ҲֻϤˡ¾Žܾƪ֮Ҷܺ޹Ұʹ
¹һʱ󺧣ԼǰļлƣӦʱһ֣ѹλֵܵ
Σͷ¹ﻹ˵࣬пɥѸͻһڰҶ˫м䣬͵һһСʬѰڰ˱һĹХйЮǿİƬͬڵĵƬһٴηɽ
ҶҪȶԷʹǿһУԽǿʹ֮ʱϵ©Խ࣬ʱ¹˳ԼһȻԼͰУҲȫ¶˱ĿյԿɳ֮
ҶһԷ֮𣬱ѾתӶݣͬʱһǺɨڰѥףԼҲɷ֮ڿͬײһʯͷӣصһͬ򣬶ʱǹХ֮ų֣˽ǰ죬ǽ䵽ǰƬɣ˺ط˿ȥ
ҶһյУʹԷ˿յÿĿϴ˫棬بȻһϽ׺ؼ¹˵
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һһЦ˵ߣΪЩаħжڳأԭѪҲǺġ
ֻһ仰ʱ䣬ǰش¹ˣ۶ϴԼزƾȻ۵üٶȣѸٺתѪҺٿȻֹ˿ڷתѪ⾹Ȼʼ裬һĿɿڴ˵
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úȻɫ䣬ȻԷĻסˡ
ҶĻЩѣεԴ˵ҪƨħţҲɽٶˡгһӣȵĪҪϢ֮ϡ˵ὣǰ̡
գҶĳб̶ֱԷؿڡ
ԥһͬһҧͦǰ


151 ħ
ҶͰ࣬󽣵֣ռϷȫ֡ͬʱԷһۣѪʧأ˵һ۷ħˣܻ˸ΪֵˣҪӦ÷ǳ
¹˱ǽڣʬ㽩Ӳͻسһ˿ЦпɥٴαХٴ𣬿ɥʣƬϮҶˣֹ˵Ĺͬʱ¹͵ײȥüӲײ˱ǽڣʯҪڡ
Ҷһ䣬죬ϮƬۿԷҪײݣױԷܣҶϸ룬ִӻһֵͬʱ˳ƽ̣ƽϣ⣬׼¹˺˵ķָȫȻϵȥ
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¹˺ȻأڷУֻǰݶԼԽԽԶڱһƬڡ
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ԱһϹһ͵ĪҰЦѣϸɱѹסֵĹֺ
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ϽȻħˣһĹ⾰ÿ֮ĸħеܣ໥֮漣˻Σħмѵõʮ֮䣬Ҳֵ֮׵ĸ鼫ΪӣҲΪָ飬ΪϽʮͷŻἯȥȱѲ׽סߣҲ֪Ͼűɱ֮󣬲Żһ·׷ٵ˾ϳǡû뵽һȻûиɵҪɱˣʧһֵܣһĵ壬Ҳɵñ

ᵶ̬ħֵܵʣħľʧܵĿ־壬ĪҰһȭһ˲䣬Ȼ㲻ԼӲؿһػ۵³һѪͬʱĪҰҲһײ÷˿ȥ
ᵶͰĪҰʹͻվ˲˫̩ɽɢһɼǿƣĵ׺һ֮δȫ̽ԵֻڶֵǰѪۣɼǣδ˺
ɱ־Ϳܰ
ĪҰûڵشȴ˰ġ
ʱ뻻ȴѾˣᵶ˫ĿٿȻһͻȻΪ˫ճ֣һ㣬ᵶ͵﷢ŪӰ
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Ķֱ׼˲ԶҶ
ݺʮǰܲİնѪ꣬嶼µĹâ±飬ֻһ˫ƤѥСȡ
չʮ͵ĵǵصҶŰҲһͬڡͬڶԸΧġҶССŪӰרͬһĴɱʮµһʽ۷壬ԸǶҪܵķλڵ͵ǸԼֵܵСӱɡ
ģ˱תˡ
һֱڷϹ۲һ·ײƣͻȻѵ
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ᵶ͵ġŪӰҶɹͬʱҶҲ಻ԶǽںȻײƣһɫľ޴Ӱ˳һվֱ׼Ҷһһ޴Ļ˹
ǰᵶ͵ʮǰ࣬ǹЮľ޴򡭡
ΣͷҶԺеؼţ侲쳣
Ϊ֮ǰ׷ɱ¹ˣࡢҶãվһֱϣԵʮÿ԰ѼһͬնNΣ׵ıǰ࣬ԼȻá
൲סԼʩչṦܣҲҪΪۣãԴ
ܶ㣬ֻӭϣ
ⱾǱ֣֮Ǹ˶˵ͻȻ֣þһ˿ת
Ǹ˶˶Ǹ͵ĺвʱĵķ򣬲ĳֲԤϣᵶҲû뵽ͻȻԼķϡ
ҶͻȻǰ壬һ罫İײ˸ո¹ײĴͬʱֶı͵ҲһܣббǰָͬʱˡתơϹһȻ׹ת˽֮ϣȻӭϵһ
ĥʯ죬ɫĻǷɽһӫĵнбŷ˰֮Уɢ
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ʮа˵Աߵķû˰㣬ùİ౻ѹ˷棬ԸСûվţҶλõãҶڻ£˿Σա
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ٿȻϨ¶һɵĳշˡСɽһͽʱұѾϣϽصһ˺ۻѣ¶ѩ׵ĴƤԼȦĹ조
ʱѶϣӹڵأ۹һ䣬ȻǴһġӡȻһſȻɱͷŮ٣Դ̫Ѩе滹Ƥǰòϡɱ棬еҵѸã¶ͷǡ
Ҷһ񺮣ͬʱɱ
ħˣӦüһɱһ֮á


152 Χɱ
ĵƣĽ֣ȻҶһһƾȫһٿȻ
ܣⲻܡ
ᵶĲŵı飬ճյضԶֽ·Ҷزֹͣ仰
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Ҷ˿ȴп֪
ԼΪǿеֵԷĵѾ˼صˣ˫һֱϱۣȫըƵʹ˫־Щ𵴣˫ֱϵĽȻٴγ֡
ȫľȫޣ˫ΪȣëϸѪ˫ϵëðĲǺˮѪˮµŸƨվ￴ʵֻǶã˰ڸ˧POSEˡ
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ҶòƸ߾Ķstyleסˣס࣬סһǲȫĶ塭
㾹ȻҪɱ㡪
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Ӱһ֮ʣһǶõҶתܣֱˮ˷
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ֻŰʮԶȺүǼȷѪģջûǰֻΧΧά򣬵ȴϱ˵ֵسǽפı߾֮󣬸˹
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µıǵĽһȫǾף͸Źɰս׺Ϣη
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йٱͷᵶһֹ֣ҪǰȥĳշˣͬʱŹپȵǳ󽫾ѣڴ󽫾ĵˣ֣ҵȳС
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Ͻˣ˽ˣжΪ޼ɣȻɱ͢ѲţʱһССı߾Уξ
ֻħű壬˼άڳˣĲóԴʱۣħӵǳԵˣᵱڳħ֮Ĺϵ£֮УԶ
ħΪ˳İѱͲҵڴԼһݣҶôĹ˼ɣͲðѳıƿô򵥵ĵԲýʵħŸ־ȻҲᴥ
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ߵһٶȴħŸִ󺧣벻ղⱻ׷ɱСʿôٸݳԼ˵Χɱ͢٣볯͢ԣѰ·
ᵶʶһ֮Ǳߵı߾佫ȻȷҶݣԼһĿⶸȻһ䣬һӣ
Χȥ
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ᵶһ²һתͷܡ
յϷһΰ󺺱ӭȭҪԭȴǸոձܿɱһĪҰ롣
ĪҰԴӱԷһǼײɣۿְڶԷһбɱ֮ʬ޴棬Ǳ߾ע֮ʱĪҰ㷭˷ᵶ͵׼䱳ͻϮɱԷͬʱҲס˶Է·
ᵶתӶݣڴ˵ĪҰ룬ҧгݵĸһͷһݺĶӵᵶ͡
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Ǻɵ˻һ֣ȼյ֮⣬ȵĻлΪҽƺͻĹŭ׼ԸһˣȴٿȻת򣬴ҺХľ·һ㣬ϵı߾ɱ
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Ǳ߾佫ֻüìֳȴѾϲǰĹˡ
䡪
һѪĽڰȼΪ꣬ѪɵĻ꾹Ȼһпȼԣ˱ֱײ֮⣬Ա˸һ˲䱻ȼĲҽ֮
һ֮䣬߾ǰŹ˴˱ֱӻУײѪ꣬ʮˣѪȼȼŵĻ棬ҽɢߡ


153 
벻ԷĹ˺ˣйҶҲ𾪵ɫ԰סĿɿڴͬʱҲ뵽֮ǰħŸ֮ʱԷδʹк˵似ȻǴԼ뷨
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ɱ
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ӣӡ
ɵ͵ؽһֻſһİƣǰı䣬һҽУǱ类鳺УŤڿбΪһѪ꣬һմǵǹĻ棬ȻȼǱȼѪճ˵ϣ֮𣬽֮Ϩڶһ˲䱻֣֮쳹أһѪĽζɢȫ
ǡɷԪġħʬ𡯣ɳ񡪡
ĲѵĪҰԶԶشȵһλѵĿʹΪͷʹۼħɱķĲ֮£ٴκָ㣬ֻһ۽Ǵ׹һĪҰ뺧ȻˣǰѪ֣Էĵһɼǵ˺ۡ
ĪҰʹ߳ǰѨֹס֮ѪͬʱֿԷƹᵶһ֣ĪҰ֮󣬲δûٴ˫ֳֵ¶ϵһûһ͵ĵնֱ˵ĪҰ롣
ĪҰӲ棬ڼ䣬ᵶͳû˳ȥ
СӡĪҰŭ߳һҪ׷ؿȴͻȻһʹ˿ڱѳѪֻһ󣬶ԷӰ֮ˣ׷֮
Σͷħ˻ǶԼΪӣɻΪͬ鱨ҲѡͬһѪս
ˣһ·׷ɱҶġϽͷ죬һһӡһΧҶھϳеİвȫ
ܣŹһɱҶæ˵
ڸո֮ززᵶͣҶ˵ݣҲް취ϾĪҰѾȫҶֻим޹֮⡣Ѿλ˵Ǹɵ֮ˣԲ̣Ըֱ̬ܹ֮Ҫ飬κλ·
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ˣˡ
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Ǹ߾佫ȷԼһı䣬ȻԷٳɷɻңʬҲأΪߡ˫һţһ佫ëӺ۾Աڿն˫иŰһİ師ڿշ˵һ죬Ǿ޴師ͬһתűסħˣݺ
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ǰԱ佫Աǲɶõͱ֣ʮؼףȻԾôߣͬʱһõ׺쳣Ÿз䣬Ϊһ˼ǿƣȻ䣬лӶľ׮ħ
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𾪵ģһǸֵشħ˵ǿ˶İ師ǰѱݺݵ֮УʹòܶħȻ书μס˸УʱɽվǴؼ׵ı߾佫ץסڶԷǰȻȻȶԷСȦ
Էİ師ֻԴ࣬Ѵֺ޷С
˼أѪ磬Ȼڼ̶Σ֡һ侪˵ȻֶǱ߾佫еİ師佫ֵܷУ˫Ŀ¶һɺȻɫ͵һ߶ԷؿڣƺˣһĺХķʽ֮ظǹһȻ佫ؼף֮ΪΡ
佫һȻ׼Ŀ
ݡ
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ͬһʱ䣬һӰ͵һܣȻԾǳշ˵ıһֱסĲӣһֻȴݺݰס˶Է°͡
շ˽Ȼץסھֱۣ⡭
˶뵽ֱۼȣΪȻǶϽ۵û𣬶ѱϵĶյͨ죬ȻԷǾˡ
Сġ
ˮٿȻǸͻȻ͵Ϯħ˵ģǱˣǸ似ֻһ
һֱΪħŸֶʼβ֤Լʵ֣ϲ̨档ĵȺƬ̣ڱҵ͵ϮֵĻᣬȻܵԷı˫ס˶ԷĲӡ
˼˵˶ԷıͬʱΪһ亹ôô֪أһܿģ
Ϊڽıȴ˴һħûܳסӵֱۣյͨ죬ֱƴץҲԷֱֿ۷ֺ


154 
ųշעɢ֮ʣıϣ־ȻΪ˶һʱ޷ֺ
ԭղҶԻָáָͨշ˵󣬾Ǳ߾佫һѾ;ƿݵĶ֣ȻǰһˣʹԭɵͬʱԷȻһգͻȻסӣһŷǳɫ׹䣬ȴ似ʹˣﻹֶΰء
ɱ
ҶȻȣΪɱе͹
һսȻʤĳȻҲЩԼԤϣɱħ˵ĹͺøˣԼˡ
һֱ۽סԷĲӣļٿȻսһִӺǰ죬ΰסԷ°ͣۼ͵رһ͵һֻꡱһǸħ˵ԴӲر
һʱ㾲
ֻƬ̣ЩߣȻΪʹȻֱһƬ
˿մѪ˫֣ϵͷԷǰŭ˫ĿƺΪʣ֮֮Уָо̫ˬˣ

еͷ߸߾˷ܵشвѡ
һɱˣҲһɱԵĸ֡ûеκεĲʣֻе˵˷ܣ˷ܣ˷ܡ
߾ٵ˶ͷ­ܵѪ䣬ûԴǰѪȪһ
һѪϴһɱ
ͷӿѪ죬߹ĳ˷ܵĽк
ⳡ

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СӼֱˣǱӲժԴħŸȣ˵ĸǾأ
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ĪҰȻ˲Ҳ˴ӷа˳
˾ԺȻעų˷ܲѣҡͷҶе˷ܵɫͺõİߵĺͯһ㡭
һ۵ڵϵͷʬ壬ĪҰ·һʶԷһ˵СĪɷ·ɣһϳֶξײС
ľ֪λشźá
Ϊ˵ΨһŮӣٻǱǰĲ״ŵɫ԰ףҪŻµ˼棬ƴţƫƫﻹһˡﲻˣݡ
Ҷһϧ̫̾Сˡ
ñĻעҪٻעתƿİץסѵõĻ⣬׷ʵʲôʲôСģ
Ҷ˸Ƿʼ˵˵С̫СˡղܹСһһߣһСͷ̨Ϳż׵һֻܰԷԴûܳһļ׵ʵ̫ź̫ȱˡ
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һԵٻܲסŻ
һɫ԰ףݺݵضҶ
Ҷ·չһЦȻҸҿЦء㿴³ͺܶ˰ɣŲ֪ôϣ
ɫ࣬СһٷŽ

Ҷħ̸֣һҶ𣬿˵Ǵȫʤʿ̵ĲȻҶĲѡ
ոһ·ϻ˵Цĺӣһ˲ʬ޴棬˸УЩʿǣԴ˱ֵࡣ
֮ǰѾйˡһпķղʿ˵
һ仰ȫĬ
ǰϳǵ֣ΪҶǰ֣ľˣ˵جǰҪĿģΪƻ֮ϣ˼ҵģûʵ𣬿˵ǳʦˡ
ҶЩʿǣĴֵĸмʵԳܶԷĺ񰮡
˵лҶǰһʵ磬˵Ǿһ˵ллĻᶼ࣬һΣҶʵڲ֪αԼĸ顣
ǻĵĴ壬ΪҾңĴ壬ΪѾʹҲϧ̳˰ݵЦ˵Щˣбѡеʱ򣬱Ѿ˱ľģ˱ľܹǰҶֵѣ޺
ҶϣжˡǿĳӰĳĿΪźյָ飬ĸжˡ
ҷģ̴ľܴҲװˡǶҶĶ飬һٱ𡭡£Ҷ£ǵĳ˱ҶĳˡҶҪó˵Ѫ˵飡
ʿףǸʮ꣬ʱõҶ֣صĳŵĵǸӣסҶֺ֣ݺݵҶļͷ
лֵܡ֣˵
лૣֵܣҶ᲻
ʿһ㶣ž㶼ЦһߵҶߣļ򣬴šૣֵܣ
ʿֻа˸ˣȴƺøӿĺѡҲҪˣΪҪ½ġૣֵܣúðѾԻ
̾Ϣ˵ҪǵկУҪٰһʢᣬҪĸ򣬶ҪկĹȾơ
Ҷ֪ڰ̵ʵÿ˵ﶼǱʹģ˵ˣΪѶģǿֵģȥӦЦֻͣųŻŲĿԣҶûллʱTMDʲôҪظģ
ȥTMDȥTMDĹٸҪԼֵܺȾơ
Ҷ׵ļֱӱ㱼ȥ齵ġϵꡱһ·Цϣҹע顭
ԶΪȻΪעҪں߲ƨɡ
ˮָŴں֣ϱ߾ɨֵ
Ҷлʹ⣬Ǳ߾佫Ҳ֪ʱʷһʹΪϴ󽫾ġӢ硱ææ⣬ҲûʲôǻҶȥڽˮ˵λҲʱرʾ˸м
»ӪУξϴ󺣣δλմȡͷ佫ǸòĴ󺺣Ӽסһ
ˣˮ
ϴ󺣵佫һ㶣˵ԭǾݵĴˣֵһοǲԶǧﰡ
ˮЦԶֳġŶлͯ
ϴһĨӣȻ˵ԭλ׵СֵܾȻֳ˵ģлᶨҪл
ˮЦ
߾佫Ǹ˲ţգָӣй֮Ͳʮǰ;ϴ뽭ˮһѣȥտԼ˵¡
ˮΪ˸߾ʽ飬ҶĽɨս
Щ߾ʧأԹ˲ϾŴ˵İæȻó֡˺ǣڽˮָ£ħŸֵʬ巭˸飬һпõĶ͵͵߾սҪԴ㹻ˣ⡣
ɫ˷ܵ˹ѹ˷ܵɤͳ˵ջ񣡡һ˷ܵ˿û侲
ˮɫһֹ֣Ļͷ˵֮˵


155 ע
ҵ˽гӶԷǻ˳һĨʺ죬һ𣬽ѪޣǺһ뱳ʵУǰʬ巽ŻŭĿԲ˫ȻǰнһɲĿ־ɫ
Ʈ𣬺ʯ˷
ʦ֣˹ʮˣȫסʯ˵
ҵεҡҡͷ˵벻⡮ϽȻﻹôڣؼʱסǵ׷ǧˣδЩҲԲֹǰôЩˣ֪ʦֺʦǵˡ
ҵ˻䣬
ӰƮΪ׵½ɫ࣬Ĭһεʼ磬һ·ġԶɽھ֡ͷԶɽǱȭʩһЦ⡣
ҵ̾һ׷޼ˡ
ʦ֣һô죿
ô죿½һƬɱ֮ͷһնвƵһ׷ɱҲ֪ںδǶԸЩħˣ׷׷ȥ֪١Ͷȥɣң˭
ҵ˷˷ۣʦֳħδƢˣھ͸ͷ¿Ƶأ˭ǰӣʱҲʦܽԼǱùͷˡ
棬ٲδײͣ̽һ˵١һ侲ĺʱ˵
˼ǣ
һ·׷ֱݶϣĿǲһ·̣뾸ϳҲչ⾰βǴ̽һϢһľ
ƹۼλͬԶɽ׷ӶݵġϽˣû뵽Էδӻɽһ·һ㵹ǳ˵Ԥϣû뵽ԷȻز˽Ӧ֮ˣöԷ׷֪ȥ
ȥϳǡ½ϴ˵⼸գ·ǰϳǵͬΪ˲μǹƨġӢ硯ģҪԸĻֱǳˣһȥǡϴ󽫾ĶŻħŹһ𡭡
λʦⱲǸħîˣŪħˣȥҸħйص˵鷳
Ҳѹ֣Դʦֵħ֮Żⲻ£Ҳ
ʦ־ȥϳǣλʦֵȻᷴԣûҪ÷ԶɽðգҵתǸһЦҪ˵ȴԶɽЦһ֣˵ҵĪҪ˵ˣԶɽھھϳһ֮أԶɽһض뼸λһϳǵķòĳҲ뿴λ󽫾εȻݰڲˡ
ԵУԶɽЩƹ۵ʿͶأΪǲµΪû뵽ڶԵ֮ʱȻ˱˼չ˵Ķ÷Զɽ֮࣬ȷҪԷõ˼

һͬЦѡ
СʦεһγУĿĵҲǾϳǣ֪ʱǷڳУˣֵܾͿڳˡĦ°򤣬Ц˵
ܡʯµⶼʲôʱˣСӿ϶뿪˾ϳǣʱ㣬ʱ򶼻صˡ
ţСʦϳɣءʱݷƮҡСʦܳ뽭ȻҵΪ䵣ġһϣСʦܵΪҪĳ˺̫ˡ½һ˵ţһߵĳһۡ
ҵŵһа⣺СʦϳģĽ۰ûô¹ؼЩ¶Ҹİ
һίҵˣ쳤̾װСʦܣTMDİ

硪ء
ҶĽˮӦһͬʱִһ磬ӣ֪ĸ쵰Լ
մʱʼ˺Ⱦƣһֱ賿ʱһҶԴǦûʲôֱ
һѾҶһٿһҹĿˢˮڣëһ󣬰
һҶԼǻŵء
ˮЦ˵ҹ˲١
ǰǸĪҰǸҰ˾̳Ů죬컹ܻžͲˡҶһʹԴһ߻ش
ˡˮ滽һͼһ˶ľ˽طϣ˳ȥ
Ҷɫһ񣬴һľ˹ˮȻװٵϻװյջ񣬱֪ǹ˶Ŀ϶кöɵʵкû
ˮ˵ͷ
ҶȲشϻϻ߰ذ˶
ӳģһ¹˵ǸɥĳߵĿɥΪأٽɼĲϼΪ
ƯõЦһչ˵ǸûжٶǸֵİ׳ϵʲôУƺǺ͵Ƶأʲôϡ
Ҷɥ˻ӣصı˺ķԭʹʱĹХȴû֡
ףôֹᷢХأ
ɥ㱾ʲҲ㲻ϡ棬ֻڻʱǹɹХЩ˼֮ʱľǸΪơ
ɥȻйƣȻͬʱԼ˶ĤĹХû뵽ԼһԣȴһûС
ҶЩֻ˻ӣƿûκ
ϸһ۲죬ǰӵĶϿףȷǷ֮ãΪԼȴûأ
ˮҶüæ͵磬ǿƿʱģҪģһԡ
Ҷǳת˱С

һɴ̶ļХ
ҶֻоԼеѨλ֮ʱ·ҵйһ㣬˳ѨɥХ֮û׼֮£˼ƶĤԴͷʹ

ʱ¹˽֮ʱǷƵ
Ҷָ֮ٴΣڷñĹХǿɿصģܿĴСܿƴĸ׷ΪÿϿ׵ķһǿƵõֲͬضƬΡ
Ҷ˲䣬ϳһƹЦƬΡ¹˵ֻùХɢע;ʵûзӳá
ҶſɥȻ̫Ȥ⿴žɥѨƵֵýԼóԼԼıҪưԼı֮ϡ
Ūԭ֮󣬸ĽǱҪġХѵģ̫ȱˣ̫Լġ˿ż
еĿɥҶעϣͬĺɫħơšǡ͡ؿǡһٵħǡСɷǡʮԼıһƹ۵
ɵġ̫Ԫ񹦡ܿħ̵аŹԼһƺħĲ̡ѵעһ֧Ҫնħɣ


156 ʵ
Щʲô
ҶŪһƿƿ޹ޣƺװҺǵ衣
ǡؿǡϷֵģŶǸԴλλմ֣ϼȫңЩһЩҩȫƵģ˶С˿ƴɵϧĺܡ
ҲпǱæŵġ
ţҲпܡ
ӦħŻڵ˰ɣҶսƷзһ鼮дšɷԪ򿪿һҳĸ֡ħʬ𡱣Ϊ̵һС
Ҷ̾Ϣһ˵ħŹȻţɱ¾ΪҪĿģȲ̵Ĺ֪ж˻áֲǰ׵ڵҪһͬԸħţءֻǿһŹ֪꽭϶ԸħˣǾһпɱء
ǰһս׵ʮȥڵɸ𲻼ħҲ˲أܲʧɽƹԼ䡣ƹսʤħ죬Žħꡣˮޣ䣬ڶ飬Щ£ֻҪܴģ㼸ء
ħű꣬˵Ӧһһ˰ΪʲôħŸʵɴﵽ˵زһٵħǡʵġɷǡʮˣûġǡأħžȻ͢Ա췴ħͽſ˺εȵزҿʱ䣬Ͳħŷչȫˡ
ҶһϯԹ֮ȴýˮ鼫ȳءˮҲΪģڿħûбǿһĵزֱӲ뵽˳͢Ա췴ҵˡ
ħֵ֮Ĵ󻼣ûκܹ⣬Ҳܡ
ҶЩյҡҡͷЩһС֪ģʶ֮оиĴıҲֻ룬Լ̫Զܲôࡣ
áŋ翸󡱽ɷԪ¼뵽ѧУȻطųȼĹҲѹ֣ôѵĹôǴ·أֻҶЩ벻ͨһɵĴӶѣôϻô߼ѧأѵĳʲôͬô
ЩϾ壬Ҷ򵥵ضԽˮ˵ԼɻǶǴýˮԼȥˡ
ҶѾϰ˽Լ뷨˵ܽˮˣǸԴǷռ鱨ģһһܸҷͷͷǵţҲãԼ˵ĶܼǵסЧùκһ̨ʼǱԣܸϡ
ڿʼСӴ֡˯ҲøҰںáȫķƣϢЧãҲУ󣡡
ҶеʱȣûʲôȫС
ʵѾΪˣκһʵѡҶƴߡ
ڻ񹦣ȻҲֻ࣬ڵھؿʼ֮ʱŵԷҶʱҪϰȫķǿΪ磬Ըǿѡ
ڡħԳľԪŽǿˡ徳죬ѾȵԪǿϰٱˣ˫иľԪǿˣҪΪЩѶȣϰ˵أȻûе޼ѧ᡾ǬŲơٶȣҲˡ
ԼȻûпֱۣǳٶȰ
ʱΣķҲѳɱУСӶɱйӴڶϲһۣǱˮȥȡ١ģȴ˷ܵسɱȥˮԺ
ȻϲɱҶֹ赼ҲͲٲҴˣֱӽʮС֡ȡ˳Կ֮󣬱ֶȵȥ졭
Ҷʵûʱһһʽشֻȿˡ
Ȼ˷Īؽ˹ȥܵһ߷
Ҷһź켶ѧôֶˮЩľĸо
ܣоΣ
ÿ϶ֺͷǿԶˡ
Ҷüͷ̾Ϣһ˵ˣٶ˵㣬Ҳûа취
ˮһѪԼõıġľԪżʱ䰡ڹôٵġ㣬ԼҲ㡭
֮󣬽ˮ㱧Դû취Լλݴ߶졾أҶԼһҹʱһ졭
ʵУмô˰
Ҷ̾Ϣһ˵Ҫܵõǡ쳤ؾóϹĻġԹȻܹ
ˮһ׷ʵСԵĹô
Ҷһ£̹ȻЦĹҲ֪ŹȻԡҲаװʮˣŶʮͷòˡ
ɵýˮһ겻ѡ
ҶʱԼյıΪû˱ֻ֮ࡾָͨӦУȻ㹻ܸоָٶ̫ǵ̫ҪʱԼЩ㡣
ߡָͨӦٶָֻ֡ͨʳָָĵӰٶȣÿָͷܵĻٶȱƽһࡣ
ʮָ
Ҷһʱ뵽ǡ˫еꡣ˫֣С˵ͬʱҲһ˫˰ɡҲ½СġϬһָҲɧģ÷̫һȥû仯Ҫָ֪ǿͱ
ֺ£״Ȼʮָ˰㶶ºʢţܽĳİͷų̬
书ܶ࣬Ҷǵһ仰
˧܌š
ô
вڵϣŮ
ָ˰㶶
һʥ֣
ˣѪѹеߡ
ԼһҶԼܵഺڣЩаĪٻؾϳ֮ǰһҹǡµһŮĶЩԳࡣ
һŮ֧δ̫Լˡ
ô죿ԼһһķѹԼ԰ɣġľôӹѧпû˵ƵĹҲ̫˵ˡ
ӹѧⷽйصѧǵþһ䡿
ȥ
ѧǡ˵ǡ˵
Ҫһһ˫޵ĹǺǣ뷨ҲǵƵѧʱһ룬λӹʦĹŰҲһģѧѧ˼һݺݾŪ
ŋ翸ûлѧѧĹ򣬵Ҷıһ׵ĽӹѧƵĹɡ
ָͨڻԶѧϰһܹǿսָ˷ѡȻһ˿룬Ӱ֡


157 
Ҷոջһȼѧһᡱ֮ǰһΡƼѧһᡱܵѾ500࣬ҶѡѧΪ㷺
ҶԼϣĵĻ룬ѰƵĹûһᣬȻҵһеѧʮ֮һҶָ
书ֻҪһΡƼѧһᡱѣȼò֮⣬ʵκһ񹦾
ҶǶҶҲбڵķ𾭶Ǽ¼ڱҶ֮ϵģ׳ƱҶҶָ˼壬ʮָ֮ʱһƬĶҶһ㡣
ҶûҶת֮ʱڼָٲĻ󣬿ȫŵ꼻ࣣٵ㣬ǰ̴ľм׷ɣ̼һֻİѳΪһƬƬƬ
ҶͻȻôһ֣һԴĽˮһ򣬲
ôˣʲôƢ
ףʲô֮ǰָҪܷôôһתֿշˣҿѧԵĿԣһʵḻ̌㱻ϡ飬Ҫǵ˵ϣôøһô
Ҷص˵ͷϿָľ
ҶָʯϽ޴ʮְԵٶȼΪɹۡ
롾ָͨȣ似︺ơһշԶҪĸߣҲ󣬵ΧûСָͨôԶ
ҶʵҲǴﵽ׾룬ԶͻΪɢȫˡ׵ķΧڣžֱǴ˵ַġɢ衱Ȼ䷽ʽһЧ˵ͬ
ȻȭͷأָͷȥҪһЩ
ʮÿһǶһľֻС˵г䵱ǵĹϵͳ۵ĵһЩʮžǡƼѧÿһŵʵԺͳȼᲢۡ
ָǿ޴󣬵ҶеģٶȺɡ
Ҷָ䡾ָͨʳָָΪʮָٶͬʱʩչ֮ʱ˫ʮָĻ꼻ʢ˫֮ϣ̺ڵĵ֮ڣȥĵ裬СָͨԶȺСҶָĿٺͿ񱩡
˵ָ֧ͨǹĻںˡҶָġֱָͨһ֧ǹһУҶȡΪָ֮ͨ֡
ܡҶʼѧ֮󣬱㺰һԱߴ㶵ĽˮһҸ˰һͭǮ
Ŷõġ
רõֱӱͭǮСָͨǿ似Ч֮Ƭ಻ضá
ҶһȼѧһᡱΪãԼʱûʲôҪ飬ʰһװ׼л
磬Ǹ׼ϴˮ
һлԼ㶨Ҹҵɡܣౣء
Ҷһֹ˽ˮͱһ򵥵İµõҩȫϣתл

Ҷл㱻һֱлͶסˣڼ򵥵ؽԼľ֮лͲҵıҶ˻˶صֵС
ϵƺ˴룬ʣصĻδȬɫ԰ף㣬ǵҶڵġڤڿ˵Ѿ
ҶҲϽ°صһƿƿ޹ޣǴǸཱུħ̸ѳġ
ҿûʲôõõĶ
ǰ£ȻһЩԪҩƷһƿɢ൱ĲԻѪ֢״ǡڤ͸˻ӣлȻڸЩȨҲֻŪЩ˲Ρ¹׶ѣЩͷĺöܼҶЩǰ˻ͷһæ
ŻͷعȥһƿɢҶͷ԰׵ԱúһԭǡɢǿġţָٲԪģͷԼöԤƿܴûˣҲָָ
оôҶʵ
ţе𣬺ӷˡͷҰҰͣδ˵´ζԤƿ
ûζôͷҶû˵
УָĲû취˶ˣ˵ĻⱲҲ͸ýˡô
Ҷ̾һγ˵һ飬佫Ѧ˵ϸ
һʱҶŰԼ˵˸͸ֵж˳ĬС
쵰ʢĻ˵һܲסصһȭһʳ˸Դĵ׻һ˳
ħ˵ǸпѲŵĲˣǻأɫһƬҲпԭ˭˵˰ڲвˬο͢Ѳһڵעһֻ˵Ƿ𣬱ᵶɱ˶пܡ
ѦֻҵлԪô˵
ϡ˺ȵ˼ҶǵӰŪˣ㻹Ҫɣ
һ̾ο˼ȻδҪӳ͢ĺ㷴ѳְ͢Сĵ㣬㲻ǹһļ廹Ҫ޴ܵǣ
ҡ˻Ҫ磬ȴֲ֪ô˵źãȻԹԵ
һ̾˵Ҳãҵ˱ϾûλȥǲҵȣҲһġİɣְһаյġ
ǻ϶Ϥزʹ˵һ䣬ڨڨһЦԼƨˣǺء
պǰ;ǵԺչչ˵µĵ֣Щǣһ磬ʬ׶ҲЩ֡Ҫǵļͺչ˺á
ϣôúõأ˼ҪˣذʣȡЦ˵
һЦȻ˵ǰˡˣˡ롮͢ξҲΪ˱û뵽һǼʮꡭнľԹλȨѹҲûʲô룬λȥһὫεĹתλֵܣֻպӦһѵĵ֣Ҿͽϣתϼҡ
ʦ֣㻹ǸǻʦŰɡһֱĬĺǧ˵
һ㶣¶ɫ˵ʦţǰһʦſԻذȥҲãⱲʦֵûʣ˰ɣʦû˵ʱʦűɥʱ䶼ûУʦֵţҲûȥأʦܣĪģҲ˶ʮ궼ûסҲ֪ȥ֮󣬻᲻ԹңԹһ˼ʮˣΪʦƨ鶼ûһɶȥ
ʦ֣ذɣȥﶼ߶㣬ûԹ㡭ǧЩʵ˵
ȥˣȥʱݺᣬ겻ѡ
۽Ϊνĳ͢뱲ӱͷ㱻Լĳ͢һǻѪңĻ䣬Ļ䡭


158 
ҶĬԲ飬ֲйԼǸˣοʸǷ
ʧһЦʧǿ飬Ȼ˵ˡô˵Ϸڻǳ͢ġ񲶡֮һȻѦ٣ͷҾ͵þ͡
ڡ
ȥлԪԡ
ҶѦױţһлԪȷ֮ã֤˵ݡ
Ҷδͬһͬǰл͵Ļ˵һĻᡣҶЩӬӪĲȤʲôｻ棬ʲôᡭһ;۵ûţһ仰㡢ʲô˼ʲôֵƳģ
Խߵ˻Խ̣ǱǱԼ
ҶѡĻԸѡһֲߴԣ÷֡ſڵĸ
ֿɱĶææµµĹʵΪһлʱȴͣȻæµеȱȫУеǻäĿеѹֻæµΪֻæµţֻæµ֤Լš
Ҷϱ֮ԳΪһլУʵĳЩ˵˵̣ѡһֵĴбӵ
˵ʲô˾ӦƴӦŬϴѧӦŬǮӦźӣӦТĸӦӡָĴͨƪҹǧѹԼļϣһֱʮ꣬ûΪԼһ졣еĶôòȻôеɴûһ˸ԼΪһˣӦúúûţΪ˻ţӦΪԼš
ʹ࣬ҶԼһ˵ģΪΪԼţؾ˵ĸܣ޼ɵִԼϲĶ
ûЩ˵̣ҶԼҲƴҲܶҸжм飬ΪЩԼ򵽵ģѭĳЩ˵ָʾ
ҲԼҲΪ˱˶ҪԼģԼԸģʶǵ¡ɡϵǿȡ
Ҹɵ¡ⲻǷɣǵȻĵ
˻Ĵ̼Ҷ˼֮ʣͷͻȻ˴һǣҶһ
СӣʲôأӦû˵һ棬·ʶҶһ´˵ףСӼûôΪǵôǿʲôΪСĸȣպԴġ
ҶмллԷĹģʾԼŪɺҶûһĵУǽ᲻뿪ﰡϾǴ˴ιΪ˶Ըħŵģǳ͢ƽѵǳħҲô
ӦȻûôε⣬ͬʱҲпҶ˼άԾ֮٣һӦû¡ô˵ħŽһѾȷϣħԲУԸڶԿħš
Ҷ˵ͷʵ˵ǽҪԵĶЩʲôĸأ
˵Ӧü˵֮ǰ˵ƺԼֲ⣬Ҳļ཭ϵĸ֡õȷϵģϻĵĹѣʴɽ÷ͣҹɽİ˱ͷӵȵȲ¶ʮˡȻ⻹ֻѱ֪̽ʵ͢²⣬Ľ֣а֮࣬ǿԺӵߣЩʱļָ֣ҪǶԸЩ˰ɡ
⼸ҶеԺˣԸϰˣ
ȻֹӦЦֵ͢ľǸܣ³ƽж߸֮ⶼȷ˵֮ҾĪҰˣЩĸ֣ӦþǱ͢ĸ֡Ǹһߵġ
ҶȻԵͷ
սڼԼעҪУʵԸһҲû⣬ֵһܶ࣬ȺսԼӦӲϾˡ
Լ似ѾûԵ©ˣǷȱֻǾͻʣԵĶ̰壬ԼΪԼǡ컯죬ֻһ֣һЩŴɵУʵ׶εľӢӣֻǸոտ߽ѡ
ԼӵСڤ񹦡ԲԼ̫ģеģԼͿУֻҪ׼Ŀ꣬ץ
Ҷ뵽۾һУͬʵѪһ㣬ɨɨȥ
ҶһɨӦкǲؼһ£Ծ˵Сӿôɭɭģʲô⣿
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ӷ޳ǷҶʩα֮ԹӦ˫ֺʲ˵
ҶʧһЦ˵УΪ˾ҲŲⶾֵģµģġȴеҾԼûãǵԼȲԼҪñΪҶ
αִšһУǹ˵ת
ҶٿȻһ㶣벻ԷȻ÷ȰԼ仰ԡԲ˼ǣһǴ֮Уȴ˾ת֮Уýѡ
ҶпӦȭͷעɲ˷ʦΪԼԼпȴܹá͡ԷԼָԼжõġԼĻԡ
лһѵһС˸УǱƴʲôҲ̫ˡ
ǰɣҲ15ΪھܿҲɷˣҶм˿
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ӦЦοƣΪοƣ֮ףҲδõ𷨲ѧģġһ𾭾㵹е͸Ҳɲ˷𡭡ûѧõķ𷨣ֻĵķ𷨡ƶɮѧӣж伮ֻһ˫ȭͷеţԲŴԶħǾϵĻһ㣬Ժ˵Ǻõ
ҶԵͷͬʱкЦӦиտʼʱݵ䣬Ū߰㣬ֱ֮ԣﷴʡ
߷ԣͨļһ
Ҳ˵еķǿǾзѧ
£أһһѾ𷨹䵽˵ӵΪСݵ䣬ЩǿѣֻǴ˵һϯ
ڡ֣𴫣ֱָģԳɷ𡱵صӦչֵ쾡£ӦУԶΪӣԣֱңҶԡ¡ܹ˵ȵӵţ;֮ġ


159 صл
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˵鷿ȴһ㶼鷿Ǹãһû
ԺҲܴؼɽȻкܶ໨ԡ
ʮ׸ߡ׺Ժǽ˿ĺһ㸻˼ҵԺǽᳬףԺǰЩԺǽֱǳǽ
ǽߣǴ󽫾ΪԼլڻʾ˵Ժǽ
⼸ÿν󽫾鷿֮˵ĵһоʡ
ſҷһ˶ľ߿ǽ޴飬ڷ˲ǩᡣ鷿һ˳һװ̴⣬ǽһ̫ʦΡ
һжͨĴ˼һϢŨֻǽϹĵǹꪣȴ˴ĿģҲ˼˲ǸʿǸ
䵱һ˶̫ʦϣŵһŻƤëɫ쵣ƺХԾɽ֮ʱɱ֮
ոһƨڻƤ֮ϵĳЩģȻƲͻҲͻ
ڵϵˣͷƤЩЩ
գÿ֮ʱЩ͸
ϾҪٽӢ硱ˣвҴŵĶһƳǹʹʹ˽ᡣµͷĵȴĺϻ𡭡
ʱ磬Ÿոճ緹Լϲţ⣬쿴ȴǺθڡǷ˳ұԼĲ롣
Ȼ趼ȣһ½ϣڰĿڵϹŵļϣʵܲãҪЩϢǼЩȤ齲
ڵϵл֣֪̿ԼϢ˵ǲ˵ΪҪϢ͡Ȥ顱񲢲ߣҲʲôϢֻǡϢѡ
ţ
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ħţһ£ǰ̽ħʹʲô˭
ǡһٵħǡеġħ̨ؿ͡١ݵ
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͵ֱӣ˫ĿһɱٿȻһǣʵȷϣ
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аȷϵģǾͲд
ôϽ˻ᵽҵľϳɱҵʹǲӦ׷ɱ͢Ѳô
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ħţֻҪ´ҵ飬Ը롣ô˵ԽңԽħʵʩԼĳЩƻʲôƻЩԽˣƻĶٲѪȺɱ¾
ԼƻʮĴ²ܳκε⡣Щħ˵˾ϳУȫпĳЩ˵עħھϳеĶԿǶԼļƻɻ޴Ӱ죬෴ⳡͻܷطɣҲὫеĴ󲿷Ŀ𴦡
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ͯͻȻԽе㲻ʹ˵ħŸ׷ɱһͯ
ǵͷ֮ˣҲеͷðӲͷƤӦǡ
գաħô׷ɱһСͯҲûɱɣħر磬ǽˣԵеġʮɡҲԸðյħſսһﾫ񲡵ţ˭ܡ
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飬£ǸСͯݸҲ
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ĪҪлԪԣڡӢ硯֮ǰĪҪҲҪӴǸͯñлԪϺ귢ʲô

Ҫ׷Ǹֲͯܶ²һĲð찡
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ȵȡͻȻԴֹ˳鷿һ䣬ʵ˵ħŸֵУһʲôǲ̨
ش󽫾ȷһˣǡħ̨ؿ񡭡
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Լ²ĻϳҪһƬˡǸˣǡʮ˳֣ûס
ֻϣԼ죬Լļƻִ֮ǰǸ˲֪°ɡ

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ҶڱŸлӰͯĵ죬лͱλүԺ丽Ѱһ䣬Ȳ̺λлүֱ˼һ˽Ȩ˸չˡ
Ӧ˰ķ𷨣ûסԴȷʵҪըˡγԴҶһ˿ɷɵĸо
ǰŸԺӭλлүųš
Сʤ
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Ҷүһ֣ĵһů֮鵹Ϊ֮嵭١Լûʱ֣һ壬ݴүСγȥ͡Ӣ£һǣһѧ켶ģ÷һ桭
һ䣬лӰһȻվã˫ҶһģǱͲڵĳһĵЦѽѽСʤ缸ղʤǺ켶ѧ
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Ҷ̾һλûûĶүûʲô취ֻҪҪĶǿ̬޵ߣԼһ¶λүŭ
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仰ԵλүƨƨߵģæԼͯү·
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ѽлӰһԴһá
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лӰһסҶ䣬קžߣ˵ãƽȥ
ҶԹһıֱҸ硪ɶˣ


160 ȥ
ҶĿɿڴؿǰЩˣһߣ첲ӣصǣԴȻ֮ǰڡԺйһ֮Եӵܡ
ּҵֶȣҵԪݶ˼ҵĶ֣֮ҵ֣磬лҵлӰڡԺ۵ļ竣ҵӵ֮ܲ⣬ȫ롣ǴСˣ㽫ʮ˵Ӵ飬ֵؽѡ
ﻹӵܣֱǽͷȺܡ
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һ·϶ûʳȻ˵ͷˣҶ͸λүʲôˡ
СʤǵáԺӴ˵Ǹľô
ҶมһʾǵáǸùǼҴӵܣڡԺʿ˵λ竣ôεйϵ
TMDľӴˣͷ˺üҹ͵̩ҽݡڶҹаǸ˵ҽˡ̩ҽݡӻ쵰Ȼľҹӵ˴ϣҪС˻ǵֶסŵĿջλãľֱڴˡ̩ҽݡնұϹϾ˳аȻүҶСӻϽҳ
а룿
ҶԺ︡һؼסӢͦ󡭡û뵽ôСлҲԸԺֳԼĶײȻһϣ˿𡭡
ǡ̩ҽݡαسͷгаڱһҽҲϸлԪԶŸɰ
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лӰߵҶֶȣ˶ǰһλСͯڡԺеı֣ʵ̫ӡˣֵ棬һ۷ĸ֣һֱԴϿ˿ľ˳𣬸ҳҪǣǼµ󲻵ûܰôǳаҲûѹסơ
ΪҶĳֶ֣ȵ˱øʮ㣬ֻҶԪ֣˵϶Щ࣬Ƕ֮ǿŸ첲Ȼ⼸˶ٲСˣӦûпô򵥡
Ҷָָ֮ĸ첲ʣʵλүǸ̩ҽݡǲֻǳô򵥰ɣ
лӰһ죬⼸˸ǵͷ
Ҷһ̯֣ߴ١
ţʵǸƨҽݱʲô·̩ҽݡʵǡ̩ݡģǡ̩ݡĹ̩ǳͷ졭
ҶЩץ񣬡˵˳а룬ȴԼֵ͵˼ҿҽβ
ʱҽ롮ԺлӰǿʽƱ磬㣬ˣ˭֪γôݣľ˳ۣȻ˺Щ֣һٶ򡭡
û㶯־ͲˣǻлʷЩ桭
͡
̲סЦ
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лӰ̲סε˵ûҶ֣֪ػסҲš
ǰлүˣһ˶û£ƨֶһ˵ţһ߳䲻лӰһǡ

һ˻лӰͬȵһصƨ˻˻亹ֱðͣСTMDҪ
塪
˴Ц
ҶЦ
ֵֵܣֵһǳа룬Է̽лԪԵķӦôԼӰˣ뿴лԪԵķӦӦòǡ˲֪лӰǸаһ֪λлүƢлӰΪȻһЩԲһҵĳͷһʱ϶ǻԼһسӵġ
Ӣ硱ĻڼΪ˵лԪ̫Ҫʱǳǳа붼лҵ鷳
Ըӳֻ֣˭أȥҶпǳаĳϷƨ˽ľҲпܵõа׿ϣûѵһлӰеĶԲʲôлϵıֻԷֻǶ֣ûжһܿһ㡭
ȻԷִ󣬾˵ǻй˼ɡй˼ɣҶûй˼ɡҶã־ֵԽ󣬷Խ˵ĻɣΪлү֪ģʹϢˣ˾лԪʲô
鱾һ־磬ǲ룬ֱӰ°սͷŹķʽȥ
лӰίǲͳݺݽѵһ¶ԷϾлӰҲԼѡǰЩӵܶǸҵӵܣܹϹϵöԷǵԼҲǺõġ
뼰ڴ˵ҶֱӺү
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Ҷݺݵ˵үҾһοЩû۵Ĺū˽ԾѿģγҪҪ
յҵӣƨȳ
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ľӣлӰӺףʱҪҪʲôɣ

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ʱ̣ݴſģһǲʹлӰ˵飬ĭطлĶүŧһ·񱼣ԼƨϺݺ˼š
ڴʱشӽͷ˹
̧ͷһۣδ⣬ǼȴͻȻҽǰͣϳ³Ȼʼжͷֿʼһҽǰģ
Ŵڿԣ˺TMDǰжʲôǼǰ
ϳĺǣԹԵؽƥӳǣ
Ҳ١
ĸߣ첲˹һ͵ؾסһĲӣԷǱСһȦ壬ԷŭȵӸ˵أTMDӲɣ
λүСĲ˵ģǸͷҵĳ򻺻̧ͷ¶һŵף˵Сүµġ
žž

죬һҽС
ĳǱˣǻСʤҶǴ󺺾ԼӵĿյҶһӣһžž£ݺݵسǰԼа廹ԼһĭӵĴϡ


161 Űַ
Ƕֵźš
һ䣬һˣһصľЩⶼҶ˴һľ衱İˣѣľӪṩǹõģҶˡһȥǹǶϽۡ
TMD̩ҽݡ˵
ӳлӰͨ죬һ͵ؾһӣԷʶֱһ£һֱ۳Vͣһת֮ǰԼƨ˼ŵǸĻ쵰лӰǼ˷ۺ죬ŹӵŶԷЦŻȥ
Ǵ󺺡ѽһתܣмֹлӰ׷ȥСȾͺһӡ
Ĺ֮ǰҫ߹лүĴʹһֻ׵
лӰǸָСˣȵ˵ҷ
ǸȰĴ󺺸ձС˷лӰľŶԷϾһֱӵһ죬ԷҽȻֹ˹ȥ˳Ѫмһ
֪ô͵ˡлӰŻʵĴһĭתҽڳȥ
ҶؿһУ벻ӵֵݵģҶǲС㡣
үǴܣֲݣǻ粻ֵǡ
ֲ飬СӴ֣
ӳϳԼľҶת˳ҽݡ
СүԴɽûһ۸˵ʱ򣬶Ǳ۸һӵĻйһ£̬ġ
⡰̩ҽݡ˱лӰ׼ÿûһĻߣʮδ󺺣ݵĴ֣лӰݣֻû뵽Էô죬һôңִ֮䣬塢ͷѪز𡭡
ʣµߡ˸ˣסԺĴţֹлӰ˵Ĺ
ҶʱһΣԺţлӰǰлӰɤߡ
Ҳѣƽүͷģ˳аĴȣ͸ҸлүˣϹֻҪһүүүҴһȣ¾ˡ
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лģTMDҲ֪үڸŸôţƾ֣ҲҴ
ҶһȥһקסҪŴлӰʵ
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ҶһֲۣøղлӰ˵ôأԭ׼ûиְ
лӰһϽйһܹˣҶǵлﻨĶӣлڵ۴ūͣлС԰ˡ
С԰С԰Ͻ˰ѳϵĶýȥ˶š̩ݡǱʲô
֪λСʤǶүǰĺˣС˲ҵϽŷԸȥִС
лӰʵڵʱ䣬ôҲײţҪԱǽȥ£ͱҶܲסһTMDҹ
沽һԾʵĵĺľžһš
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ҶץסһĴ֣ڤ񹦡һˣԷ̱еûСҶֻһɵôʧ벻Щ˾ȻûУԼæˡ
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Ҷһᡰ̩ݡлӰһôܣ̩ݡھϳǳĺаԵЩɫôܿ¡ֻЩ˴඼ھеֵûģνˣҽݣи֡
˵ţһһСܹ˵үү淢˸š
лӰǰһһҶ˵ߣȥ
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ҶˣλүⱲӦֵ£ǵһӵܣǵһͷå
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Сһæͷְϡ
Ҷӱͷ˵ͷﲻļҵαţᡭ˵˵
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ҶŰƢһȥͷβָϣָһҵñȥֻͣøСߦһϸ
ǹܼ͵һ׼С˲㱻ѿ
ҶľָָСˣļɱˡ
Լ£´⣬һǵ߹ǡ
Сͷ亹æͷﻹٿԼһۡ
Ǽ竴ʱһҿԣŵôҴǰСͯɱ˵ʱû˾ô°ôƻôˣǰֱˡ


162 竵
ս֮ǰҶѹֵڴ˿̱δ֪ƽȫͬľٶҶΪԼѹƵסû뵽ֱŰڴʱ
ģҶȻΪֱŰһ˿С
ͷ˵˵
ʮָģǹѱСָϵľʹŪ־㱣̧ͷδ硭
شˣһȣҶڶ

µ忪ʼʶʹľμ˹ȥ
Ҷ˹˵ͷйġʮָԿǿǣ֪Ĵ̫ĻⱲӾÿӶûˡ
ңң˵˵
üˡ
ҶֱһĿɿڴˣһ̯֣ʼ磬˼˵ǿ򵥡
ʼգûһ˸ǰȰҶһ䣬лӰԴʱҶǲֱ۾
Ҷ̣Լʱ̫ԣղһ˲䣬ҪðӽǸµԴ飬ʱԼʲôͣһطڹıͽ
үա
򿪰ŵķܼ򵥣ǰԱߵһ¯ģĻšϼ¡
һһӵҩζ˱Ƕ
ⰵڵУûбģһҩġҲ֣ϾҽҩĴģͬģֻЩҩͷ㣬ЩõҩġλܼңʵҽݵĹ£ҪǸ𿴹ЩҪҩĵġ
ȥ
競ǴʧҶͨҽȥһļС䣬ȫǸҩƷ඼ʮɽеز
Ա˵ЩҩĺôҶ˵ЩҩشΪԼ쵤ҩЩҩԼǿӼʵĳЩʱŤתǬá
ˣү˸Ͻ̧ȥ

ղŻȰԼҪٷˣôôͱˣ
Ҷ˲ô࣬ղһɲǣҶԼˡ
ɱĽУֻᣬɱղԼŰǹܼҵж˵ʲôʱԼϣȻѾ϶Էǵˣαʲôߣ
ûеߣ˵߾һ˵ʣðײá
ᡪȫҰߡ
Ȼ֣㲻顣Ȼ̧ЩҪҩģĺҩҲòſֱָ˽һЩҩѪϵȲҩõĶˣǰǰһ˴ӣֱӾˡ
Ҳߡ
Զȥ֮ҶлӰ˸Ͻ뿪
ѾΧΧ۵ڣҽָָ㣬ٶˡ
ҽݶ϶ϡ飬䡢ҲϺʺ򣬻̣Ѭ죬ǵڴһǶ⡭
Ӱ˵ôǲе
ʲôҵлԪԣǳʷҵڴңӦ뵽ôһ졣ҩģǸүҵ⳥ˡҺˣҪֶҼȥ
лӰ־ŵĿԡ
ôү㱨ˣ
䲻ԱߵСͯһˮ
͹˰ɣСʤ
ߡ
һߣҶ˵лһҵܻ̾ģ
ôлӰЩ˵ļһˡ
ȥݡˡ

ӵĿؿǰСͯĵСôǻݰ
Ҷ¶⣬ɵЩŭλүôӵܣô㵨ɫûУ㱻竣Ҳе㡮аŮĵӰɣ˼˲ڣ˼Ҵ㱨ˣ̫ݶˡ
ǡǼôûҳɣԼСˡֶȲɵǿ
Ҷʱ̫ʢʱ򣬼ûһ˻ݣͬȼߵȼԻ˵ҲЩ㡣
Ҷ̾һ˵˵Ǽô£ǲӵܶðɣϰĲ̿࣬䲻Կ࡭ڼǱһȺˣǴڵļֵǸ崫ڽӴôǸһͷʲôֱ𣿡
쵰TMD쵰һҵԪһܲҶķ̺ڿ࣬Ϊļ壬ôģҲôλģеֵܾôָıӷ̹Ҷʱ飬˵ϵ裬㱬
ԪͻȻ֣һȭֱҶ沿ȴҶһʣͬϺһ䵹·ԡ
СʤǸʲôлӰŭǳ
ʲôѡҶTMDľǷλһӶͷϡҪ˼ͶˣӦԼˣעһӶҪ˳衭
֮е˿ǣΪǺŵĳ裬ʲôĴӡǺеӢܣǣЬ䣻ǵĸĸǵŮΪûãǻиŮûѣΪû˿ǣֻ󺮷Ĺһֻܸͬ˵ĵùһ౧ȡůҲǣΪĺãǲϧǲȴÿһ˶úá
ˡлӰĿ࣬Ҷ˵ôǣʲô
Ǹǣ竣ǰѲġǱӱܣųֻЩǵˣлȥڿǡҲȥֺñˣûõġҶ˵ǲѡԼĳǿѡԼжȻ竣Բ竵סôˣ£ɱˣܳɾһҵʲô竵һҪ޼ɵ
ǡĴӡǺţôţһЩ˲ˬҲûһҪǲڽŵ£衣ǿ϶ôҿ԰ʵ뷨ǰߣǵĵһˡ̩ݡȥܷɹʧܡ竣Ȱǵĵóûˣ˭ǡ
ϼȻûϲˣǶǺˡȥǻô
лӰֶȡ֮Ԫ֣硭
һסˡ
ǰһ竣ȴһ竵ĵӶûУŻʲô壿
Լô֣϶˿佱ԼģôǶôʹ࣬ԼԸѾɣעһǸ竡
Ȼעһ竣Ҫ竵ףȻò˵ͬ½⣬ñϲԼǲȻԼˡ
竣ûʲôá
лӰһʵ˵Ǹô
ǻôղѾܺˡҶһ˻ľ˵иҸĶ񹷣ȫͺˡ
竣һҪС޼ɵĵӣڶҪѵӣҪ㹻Ʒζ
ӣӣƷζ
κһɲ竣ֻܳΪһͷ̵
ȻǰᣬҪǮ


163 ̩
Ҷһǻߣ׼˼ĵ׵Ѫԣ˵Ǽıûʲôá
Ҷ˵ȭͷϣòŷ˭Ǻˣ˭ǻˣֻҪ˭ѣ˭ǵ˱ˡԼǸɱ˶ħҲνֻҪԼɱ˾ͺˡ
ֻҪԼѣӦõģӦģҶʮԼѣǱøã
ΪҶ֪ԼעҪԷǳĵˡߵѲǵ˻úܲҡѣҲûҪΪѣǺ
ΪǺá
Ϊջ˶ԷԹޣҲܺãѡΪԼѣҲøһЩ
Ҷôġ
лӰڸոյĲ֤Լһ棬СûôˣҶţȫͷı壬Щ巢йӦ÷йĶϡ
ǰЩӵܣмѧʶвƸѧʲôУûм飬ûĿ꣬Ҳŵ壬ֲԼĿ顣
ҪѰĴ̼׷÷̣Ϊ׷߲ʵż񣬿ǸеǳĴ̼
ҶĿǴģҪǾĵ׵˰˿ЩԼڸĵ׵ĿֱԼ˰ֱ̣Լһ档
Ǹ磬һеб׼ǽǮ书
书һԳΪӡ֮һȫĽʺޡ
ǶҵӣеǸĹУѧԨԴһ㱻϶ڳɳĹʲôۣԱġ
Ҷѧǣȣǵ֤Լֵֵñǰ飬ʵһ飬Աľ棬ǸҲֱǰ
ѡӱܣȥѻʯҲ˵ǣ˵ǴҶʧȥ˶ΡΪҶĵǿģǿĿ£պһЩߵȫпܻ϶ǱذܵģȥԸʱȥͱѣҶ޷ܵġ
ڸϣԻҶΣڵǿʱ򣬲ȥ
ʱнˡ
лӰһǿ̧ͷҶ˵ͷԼľ
Ҹȥڶ̬ģϵǰһŵԪȻɫͨ죬ȻĿᶨƺҶһţһֱӱܵųһ߷ɡ
Ҳȥ
ҡ
ֻʣһֱĬԵֶȡ
ȡ֮
ֶһ̧ͷ˶ڿԼ΢΢Ц룬ôܲľǸثأ¿ġ
ӣЦ
ãȥȥǲȥǾûثѡ˵֣ȵ

ʲôҽݱˣȫˣ
ǰ
ҩأ
ȫˣ±ָѾιȥˡ
ž
һ졣
Щʲôã˵лӰ϶ᱨѾǶ˱ˣôҾ˰죬ͳôһ£
һЩͷ᷿Ϻ
ʮѾǰͺԴˣΪݹѾˣֶ԰ףһ۾۴һɫȵģԶһ֦չĽһĵ۹ӱƲпõĴһۣ˿ΪԷǱŭе¡
һڴ϶еˣܿµȥ
ŵĴһίվһߣа֪лҵ竻ҳӣ㻹мҽݱˣֵܹ˭
ߣȥݡվܼϹĵ֣л϶úý
ҪҪ֪ͨүүҪǳͷĻлӰͺöԸˡ
žһ͡
ƨϵֱ£лӰôûУôҼҳ±ٽģС¶ãҪٸƽٽܰһУеУξĸ磬˼ҲеʷĵҪֵǳϷ治ȥˡ
ǴһߵͣͷӦǣĵԼģûЩʲô£ð򡭡

ЩԵȫлӰһһ˻ȥʣµģ竵룬Ҷһˡ
һڱҴľϴ˻ҲǰӸ״ȫЩ߯¡
ľĿ԰ףĿ壬ֶȴӺţһɱӢ۵ȻֻԴϰ˸ײӰһ¡֣λӵܵĶʾչš
û뵽λҹ˵ôأµĹͷ˲¶ʮѾֻ農ȬҹﱻӵϣӺõĹͷЩѣҶڴϰѽѽһ˵ҪȥҶԷݳ˵ʲôҲҪ˵ѾҽݸˣǴƢ
ǰﹷյİСүӷһ˳ҪǲǴùǶϽۡģһӶ
Ҳϻֱγľͱˡ̩ݡʱ򣬸Ľ࣬ÿ˶һȻı飬ĵȴʱܵĴ㡣
ڵ̩ݡĴſʱŵʮ󺺼һСһ֮˵˽ǰΪĸùֵܴ֮˵ءöˣϳĸ۵İˡ̩ݡĴ򻹸ģһһЩصĹӸ磬ֿԡ
ʮ󺺶һӵؿһꡣ
лӰҶһۣҶһͷлӰ׳ŵӣ̧ߡ
һԽڶסлӰȥ·ֵؿڣǻ˵СӸվס£˴۵ģ´ֻл˵

һڴЦ
лӰǴЦ͵һ˫۱Ѫ죬˺˫ſȻء
ȴлӰһȣĴŵڵء
һͻȻŴ󺺣лӰ˫Ŀɭĺâƽýĺ̩ݵǣлүɡ
ӱľͷż˹ȥ
һҽУйĴͷѪԴһԡ
ߵϳˣTMDлӰˡ
ֶȡԪϵľ˳ľȥûͷûľһٴ
лӰЦ˵ؼǵлү˰ɣСүԣ³
ľ£ȫЩ۵Ĳλ⵹ЩӵܴܾḻǴ¾ϰ䣬ȻȲЩͷصͬҪ˵򼸸ڵݴ֣ڻ¡
ֻǼ˶ղ̫Щ裬ǰδܾ˶оǰԼȫЩһرϤſŰЩ֣Щӵһҵŵĸо
أҵĴ򷨱ԽԽмɣлӰֱó似Զ̹ʹ˽й֮޲ء
ҶΧֻҪĳ˷סҪҶṦȥһӾܽ⿪Σ
˵õҶıðȫݣһʼеĽźͿ־壬ڼӴһ֮Ͳ֪ɵδȥˣжʱ޼ɵҲԽԽݡ
Χߣ̫Զ
Ҷһ߷ţһߺ
Щӵܻи׵ģʵҶͷ֣ǻڵ۷壬ֻǳʱ䲻ϰڹЩͣͲǰ
û̼ǣЩʳǵģŬϰѧϰһ;ˮۣˡʵѧĶûôǵģֻЩǱ˴ƤһʱҲˡ
Ҷķ̼Щ竡ѹ£ǰϰ似Ҳ¼
ȵҶԺǽʱ浹һصĵˣһʹధǻԲѣͷѪӿ˵أȴû֮ݡľĿľǽһ־ڽͷܵĳ̶ϣҪǶ˵ӣǱ˽ɱˣΣճ̶ٸҲԲˡ
˫йٸıֻҪάͨĶŹ̶ȣۼô򣬶жصĺǰǱ𶯱
Ҷһˣɱ̩ȥӵѧһлָңӵĵӣǴ仨ˮǱܡ
ҶǳսֻһֱһһսδȺܣҲȺսľ顣
һ·ֱӳǰһС㳡ϣڱ˵Χز¶ˣΧסˡ

һЦУǰݴһã߳һͺӾɫģӣԻһ׹Ĵ󺺣ݺݵضˡ
ǰͺ˳һȭȻлӰе˵ѽѽԭлүݹ٣ֵܶղһɺã


164 
ޡĸ˵ֵܣлӰһŨ̵˹ȥĵش˵Ϊ˳аĴȾ͸ҲСүȻŰֵܣڴҵҪԴTMDлֵд
벻лӰ˲ӣԼɫ࣬һߡ
¶׹Ĵ󺺵õʾһСٿȻ˹ֱϮлӰ
ҶȻøոڵлӰڵĸ֣һȻлӰǰ
ľһ壬ԷͽҶȻҲͽֶԵС
˫ʮָһ£꼻һ㣬ָ
ˣ
죬ҶһƣʹҶָԷƣͬʱЦλ̩ݵĸܣ
δ𻰣ҶһţжԷСܒɶأѪ
벻¾Ȼ˺һæˣͬʱȵҴ򡭡
ͽȣҶ˱
Ҷ͵ǰ壬ͬʱлӰ˴ȵſ¡
ҶҶָתҿ̩ݺ֣һèһδصĺ£ŶԷ͵ǰȥˮȭź͹ùͽϣҶЩݴδ֮ʣȻӲȽʮ׵ľ룬ͽٴΧ֮ʱҶѾȺΧУĶͽڡ
ԶԶվȺ֮⣬֪С飬㻹˵㡭
ҶѾԵĵùһЦĸҪ㣿һȺҷϻõš
ٿȻɫ䣬Ŀ˫֣ȣҴ
Ⱥӿ
Ҷ˫͵һۣһҶָȫ
ӰүүǳϷա
Ҷ˫ǰʮָ֮£ͬǰһŭŵ꼻΢ӫŴָ˱䣬һΧͽڡ
׵ĸͽڲҽű󵯷ɣںͽϡ
ҶŸΪģתһͦػǹһ㣬աָ֮ͣ㲻ͣ䣬ǰȺʱҽ
н˵ͽǰͺ̣ǰ߿״֮ƴ󼷣߿ǰߵƴǰ塭Ҷǰ޻֮Ҷȫͬһ㣬Ѹټ١
ȺԺ䵱е辰Ρ̳ɽõĴšǰһֻɵ񡭡Ի𡭡
лӰҶ󺰡ſ¡ʱ򣬻һԣΪԼˣۼҶ˱ѵĹȫǡѽһſڵϣһҶֶȸ˲˵˴͵ľľмɡһŸǲֶȵͷƤɹͷϵʱɷ
竱ԴΧҽϱžҵۡ
ͷɢֶקԵлӰƿڴǼҵͯTMD񾭲
лӰ۷Ź⣬ڳӵУش󺰵̫TMDϬˣҰ
ż񡪡Ԫ͵Ĵš
֣֮һëͷĹЦ
ֻǶ̶̼֮䣬Ҷһ࣬ٿǰ
һص壬ҽаҶǰ׷ΧڣͽڶѳСɽԭЩȤµԺ䣬һƬǽ塣
ҶأסЩɱߣ˶ֻ˲ԺһƬǽ壬ǲҲ̶á
ҶֱʱڵıԼ˫Щ飬Ľ
ţһᴵָҶȺۡ
ˬ
ûôˬ
ġҶָԸͼ߼ֱɱԼÿסĺɱȫתľػǹһЧϧ̫ӵͬʱҲܼԶ
ס֣
ܸ˷ʣĶʮ˳ˮ˵õһȥ
Ҷؿǻһۣ벻Էͽڻ˶׼ȷذҳ
лӰ˴ӵһηؿҶ֮ǰ˻ЩĴִȫΨҶհ
˾Ǽ֮ˣպܳͷأٲ˵۹⿴Ҷ
ͷڶǰ
ţɫ˫Ŀ֮£еĺȻ˵λСֵ֣ܺҲڵͼǰҫ֪յ˭
ҶɫȴȻ壬һЦ˵̩Ȱ⿪ڣ˵ٽа룬ҵлȥ
Ҷָ˹ַ·ʲôĻҪ˵һ㡭
üͷһ壬ǳл㽲
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ͷ˵תĻǡҶ͵һͦȵװߣ
ɫСˣҡ
һ䣬ǰһơ
Ͼĸ֣мֵԡҶ֣Ȼѣֻˣû˻ԷģδǶԷ飬ǲ²Էѧһ֪ľ޴϶ԷȻ֣Ƭ̶ûֱͣӱ䶯֡
ԷıСӣֻҪס˵Ȳơ
֮ǰԷҪ桰İϷ񣬷һˡ
һƳֱҶǰ˫ſգǿƵҶԵлӰȫܣƫǹҶһĹ
ΪҶͲ۾ΪȻûԼߣҲܱԼ֮ǰģûʲôʽȫǿɣǿѹơ
ҶЦһá
ء
Ҷƺ޻εӲƴһ
Ҷ˫ƺھѷһ
дϲΪҶȻյֹڴӣ°⣺ֻҪ£
һȫ͵һᣬ˫һ𣬾¡
ֻԼͬƵ̵Ĵˮһ㣬ȻԷڣ䣬ظоƵ̵ĺˮδκηݣǳ˴󺣵УȻʧ١
ʱɢ˫־һҪֹס쭵ĴˮȫٿȻʧȥƣﻹܶסƵ̵ĺˮȫйȫʧҽڣֻܴͣó־ǰĶ֣ʱǰüĿСﻹǺ۸ӣֱǶħ
ҶЦ߬ס˫ƣˡڤ񹦡յ˲䲹Ÿӿڡ

ʱ̱أֻʣ˫ֱԷ߬ס˭˶Էİ㡣
ʣµͽڻæҪʱлӰĻ⣬̩ͽǰ
TMDվţĸҶСүұľջ
лӰľȥ˵ʲôȥ


165 ѧզ
ͽǰΨ˵ĿɼΣӲײǰ֣磬һקסһȣһϣƶԷֺԼͬһ㣬йֽϣһ̱ص˵ϣϾһضͣ
ħŵġħ
ΪʶͽںȻȵ
ħ
һ֣һƬҡ
̩ͽŵòֻʺˣ·ǰҶһֻһ㣬лӰҲһͷƤ飬֪Сͯʲô
TMDùʲô֪˵ʲôħҡڤ񹦡棬ŹʮɹԼֻɣͬʱʩ֮ˣȫήٲʵ϶񶾹֮һ
ڤ񹦡ϾǵҹˣԷЩ岢ˣϢһʱɻָ롾ħʵ֮а֮֡
Ҷݲñڮ٣鴫˳ȥԼлٲ˵ʿĹ
Ҷ˹øɾһ˦֣̱һԣĿȻؿҶȴǶáȻԷҲΪħŵġħء
Ҷһ󿪻ЦԵĶλҵġʮɢʴһգֻǸһѵȥֻҪĵ޳ڹɻָ´ҵƣߡ㹦ȫʧָܻ
ܴһϸ̽һ£Ȼûֻһգ粢û»ֻҪȥչ⾰ɴӻʧȥһʯͷɵ˵ء
СӹȻõĲǡħھû֤
л顪˵ҵȾްȷħŵġħ
˻һ˵Եͷ֪Ҷ־ΪηΪνġʮɢһ˾쳣
Ҷ̾һȥлỹҪƼݡʮɢˡ
һ͵ؿųҶֻһȵ˭
Ȼྲ˿Ҷ޲źȻ֮ɫ
ҶٿȻܻȻ׿Խɧȣ֮աʮ֮һκ޾ΣŹľϲ಻ضãһµȡ

ҶһֺֻĴ׶죬ͦصǰ档
лӰֶȵԶԶشںߣͷӶֹ
ǼСͯʲô
Ҳ̫ǰŽǼңǼϹܼҵ硭
ô书ô߰
ꡪлӰ˵ǣСϼиָ㡪
Ŷ˻Ȼ
лӰæһִ֣յһƴɵ˵Ǽǹ򡭡֪ɣķԺĸ߼ȼڹ˼Ƥһ£ϡ
Ŷ˴̾
ҪҲ£СӵķлӰһʳָָ⳯ϣĴָڵڶǽϣһ̾ϼƷҵѽ
ꡪлӰһ󽹼ĴɫһһէģҲҲµģûڸƵĸô˵С书ȥˣǵɱǸĽôҿһָ
ţҲҲֶҲһָ
ˣǴιȥˣûľԹ˵
ǣ˶ľָ
Ԫ̾˵֣ǼߵѧҲųȼѧ游زūƵŲ⴫˵ʲôֻмϰı֮£Ҳ̫TMDˡ
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ʵʣһۣͬʱԵ壬΢ơȡ컯ļɸһ
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ԼΪˡڤ񹦡ܣֻҪܲͣػܵˣȡͻԴԴϵԴԹɽֲڣǿֵʵ
ڤ񹦡ϡޱҶԼΪʯ͵棬ɡ뷷Ϊһ壬ϵ׿ĸ֡
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еһУȴֻеԼˡȫʼΪҪڳɹֻ뵽ˡܹʱſԻðٷְٵĳɹҶôĻɹ̫ͣŪþ͵ð˼Ҿ㻵ඡ
ҶƻջҪΪԼɵ׼ģ⼸ӵʵ飬յĿĻҪǿԼ˵ʵ
ȡ֮ǿ̡֮ɱˣȻҲ˵ʵҪܽ˵Լ˵ӣǾͲ˵ˡһʵͬʱֲǿԼһʵֵĲࡣ
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ǵʱԼֻᵣĵ˵ʵİɡ
Ҷһҹ䣬콫η
һĨ⳶ʣֺıٿȻۣ֮ϣΪӨ͸ĵε¶顭
ҶȻĿı仯Уߵâ֮ʱҶͷҲǲõĳһ㣬ľ

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ҶִӻͳһŲֽݸ˽ˮ˵ЩҲҪŪ롣˼һȸһƹۣ㴦һ´е񣬾;ɡ
ˮ˵ͷ˿ֽɻʵҪ¯ôĶǵʿҩеףҪռô
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168 ͬ
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ʦֵܶСʦܵһЦͬʱյͽܣȴֵĺ档
Сӣʮߡģ絶һǷףԳ㲻Ĵ˵ϿΣȴߴϴü罣һ˫ĿĹâһܹκεĸо
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Сղ벻ȻڴһԵֲǳԶɽԶ㳯Ҷʩ
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½˵ȷʵˡһҶ˵һͬȥҪ㽻⼸յ㵽ʲô£Ȼ۵˷ʩȫҡ
˵뷽ֵܶЯֲڡ
Ҷͷǣҵ˳ԼüŪۣɵһۣ˸ȴůġ


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ˣ½һ˱ܴ
Լһ֣ϽˣѾҲŻһˣʬ׻öԷҴߣֻǲСӦǸϽϵöƣȻƹҲ֪Сħơ
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겻ɽ
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½һ˦˵ҶʦҪܴҰСҲҪ겻ɽ
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½Ϊ˷Ҷ㣬̬ӲȻһǿѹƵĸоΪˬ
Ҷ֪ʦֵΪˣ֪ôȻĿģȻЩϣҲ̹ȻЩ
ڵձ½ŪηǳԭҵձŪüžҵ˵һ仰˵Լλʦ֣Ϊƻרң۶ô˻Ƶգһ仰Ū˶뽲ĵزơƻ֮ƫƫλ½ʦֺ
½̾˿˵ô˵Сʦܣɽܹ֮ħһ㣬úܺá
ٵڼε棬ҲֻҶεһЦûˡ
ҵ˿̫ƣɵÿһ˵עһЦ˵ոСʦ˵㵽˼žѧô¶һ֣
̾λʦʺԸؼʱ̻ЩôģҶһЦҡͷ˵ЩĹôܸʦŵѧᲢءңҡ
Сʦ̫ˣڹ֮ʱĽԿɾһˣʱôܲšɡ
桭
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ʦֺıɱ
벻һϲ˵ʦ֣ȻͻȻ֮ôɱжԸԼһʹȫǲмܣһҪԼС
ǵصɫâٿȻһռ·𱻶һ㣬쳣أɫĹâ˲̳һӯı񣬶Ҷʯ룬һֻϵ֬סһ㣬ôҲ
üĿһһֻҪһʹǿסҶɫʯҪ飬ļռһƻҶˡ
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ҶΧƵɫâʱͬѣڿɢ
Ҷͺͬʱ෴ˣ˽ֵĵط͵Χİ裬ɢΡ
˻æ˹ڰ費ֻ࣬ʧ˼黭κͼײߡһˣͻȻһŪûͷ
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Ե棬ԼƷɢСʦܣһõüɡǿù򡭡
ʱȻʦֵһķۡ
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ʦֵܶԺ˵֪صԸϰߣֹ֮ѾȫˣΪǶصϡСʦܡˣ
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ҵһεȰţٻεȥСʦܻᱻҵİ

ٿȻֵʯһСʦܶѾʼ°ĭˡ
Ҳ㡮֣
½ŲʩһҶһ̽飬϶˵СʦȷʵǸղ롮ãҸδȣ
ʦֵܽΪСʦܵı仯겻ѣȴûҶ۵׵һĨɫ
ԼɲǶǸ书ˡڤ񹦡ıǡڤ񹦡ڶĿϣơ񼼡е򣬿˳棬ƣķţҲȫǿԿƵģϲϰ䣬ѧˡڤ񹦡ҲǸӣΪڵ£ϲоŹȻ񹦣ǲδ͸Լڴʦ֮̽ʱֻ԰ձķһ򣬱ȡ˴ʦֵΣڽԼɳ⣬û˻ΪԭʹﵽҶĳ롣
ڤ񹦡̫أֻħŵһšħƣǿʽҲʿ½⣬Ҷʱ򣬼ͬʦֵܣҲѡʱڸǵֶΣҪ鷳
ڽѧߵ⣬ʵҲ׵ġ
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ЩղҶ˵ʱΪֻǿЩȫδ뵽ȻҶ˶ĺôʦֵܲɵһѣһͬ̾Ҷĺ
⼸ƹһҪסǵĶ飬ʦ̫Ӧ棬Ǹ˵ĽˮСʦҪμסҵҲҪסպֲǲҵȵ־Ƴ١½һᶨ˵
Ҷͷǣͬʱ˵Ǹ˵ĽˮʦǲøѾĺֵܣ켶ĹҲ¼һ׸
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ٴһͬ̾Ϣ
ʦֳǵˣҶҡͷ̾Ϣѣʱ˵Сʦܸ£߼ѧⱾ޿ɻ˵ĴͣöЩкôпʵ䷴ɱΣա
Ҷһ㶣Щûæ׷ʵŶʦֵ˼ǡ
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170 ʦżƻ
Ҷʦֵľ̸֮ɵƵƵͷ⣺ⷽԼȻǷȱǣ֪ԼΣ֮
ԼΪȷ飬Ҷһģʦͣס˻⣬ɵüʵʦ˵ĺе֪Ӧأֻ֪ΪʦȡһЩѣŸԼӡ
ȻСʦܵΪˣ֮ǰҶڸԼʱҲʱĿ˵һҲʾص֮󣬵һ±ǽõڶѧϽɸʦŲеġ
ֻ˼ɱҶ˸⡣
СʦܲЩѧʦŵУЩѣֻڹϰԳ¼ߣһôһǣԽЩ֮ĹϵϾڹУȻҵȶнӴʱҲһѧģǣй˵ıҲ˶Աİȫƹϰ֮˿϶ϰгɲŻɽȫûʧܶأһͻԷ㹻ӣСʦܵһ⣻öԷؼ˱ǻˣûؼĵ졭Ҫ֪͢ղصĴ󲿷ѧ㶼ǲȡִʩġ
ЩǴѧĽƶȣӵи߼ѧɾĳѧȽĴѧһص˲ŵѧϰͨʱĽӴѧ߼佨ȹ̶õĹϵԳΪɼΪҪԴĸѧԴ
ʦֵһҶéٿ˽һѧԺ뷨ֹȡѧԱƣҲ˵ֻҪѧκɵĵӶѡҪѧطҪƹֻۡҪѧԱ㹻ĴۣѧԺѧϰѧһ˾ԴͬʱЩǰѧԺѧϰѧԱɻΪԼᶨӵɱĵӹ˫Ĺϵǿʵ
Ҷ뵽˴Լ뷨˵˳λʦֶǰһʦֺ񣬶Դ˱ֳ˼ΪŨȤ
Ŀž⣬٩٩̸ԹѧһΪֽߣŸɱ䣬ѧڴڣǧ񹦾Ϊз˻ǴСʦ뷨֮ѧԺƳŻ֮һ֮أڰټ֮ѧϰ䣬ڵǧãǴ˾ܳɣ⸽ѧԺĵһɽԸһе
벻һ򻰲˵ʦ֣ԸȻǵ˽˲ɵһ󰵰ЦȻܾ롢б顣
Զɽõܷɽһֱʱ˵ƹ⿪ѧԺڸѧɵôϲԶɽӵǹ˴٣ֵܶԸ㹻Ԥ
ԶɽһֱҪԼԶɽھַ׳󣬿ϧԼ书ȼߣչڣѾƿԼСܹѧѧֿԲð£ɶԼŹصķԶɽòĽ֡
־ڳΪŵڣֲԼֶΪļ壬ּܹѧѧרΪ御ҵѧԺԶԻΪȤġ
οƹ۵ĵʿ켶ѧԸѧԺһڿΣǰѧԱǷӵƼܹΪЩѧԱǵѧϵ˵ڷԶɽ˵С壬һּΪҪ
ͷĻ֮Ĺϵα̸ʲôۡȵѧԺ֮գ־ѡѧϰһӦþ㶼
仰÷Զɽ˺øдΪһƹ۶ʦָ˽ִƹʦֵܵвڶѡ
˶Դһ۷׷ף֮вҶ⼸ջ
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Ҷ룬˵δأ˹ְѾǱȻˡ
½˵ʦЩˣͷһͽƹ۵Ĺϱ͢Ȼҵ͡οҵΪΪͬնħҵȷ֮£ʦ̼֮ʧأ
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ҶȻ֪ʦ֮ʲôЭ飬Ҫȡʲôȴʱʦٴ֮Ľɵú׷ʵʦ˵Ķʲôϣ
¹ƹۻܣڳҵ˲ɵЩԥ
Զɽͷɽֵܶ˶ǻ켣Ͻɫ᲻׶Էǹ˼ʦŻйϣλղ˽ܵĻҪ˵ֵܶ˿ɲдˣǡ
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⣬ע˽ӽƹʦֵ˽֮󣬱صؽͷӶ
½һأɫص˵±ʦҵģΪܿʦֻΪʦŻ֣ʦŴеģɽȴô£⼸ˣҲͲ㡭
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½֮ǰҶԭ򣬽ű㽫ʦŵļƻ򵥵˵˳
ԭԴɽ˴ӻϵĹ²⵽˼˵ĿġӴѲˣҪõ͢ϿɺͱܹЩɵĲָԪ
Ϊʱδͻ죬ΪԼʱ޶࣬Բҳ͢ͷΪǱĻ֡ΪõȫķвһȻˡ֮ʵǵˣıƻԭԡƹۡΪɣָʵ뷨Ĳϣָɡ¶ء
ƻɻƵ˼֮ϣڰǿĵˣ޳͢Ĵּ֧һٶ˳֧͢ɼٷְٿ¶ɽأɵĳͶᶯǷֺ̰ǰպ񣬲ظά֣չٶȾԳǧٱ
һʵ֣Ҫг֧֡͢
ҶüǣҪõ֧֣͢ʦűҪ͢һζԷ޷ܾĽס֮ǰǰѲżáϽʲôأƽѳô͢Լİ⣬õõԼһô
ҶЩˡ


171 ȷĿ
Ȼȷϳ֧͢ؽϳʲô̬ȣһǿԿ϶ģǾؽɣ۶ƹۻǳ͢˵ġ
֧͢ؽΪ͢ӵߣֵشʮɽıأɱؽٴγΪ͢Ҫ֧ΪʮɽĶ´Χ״̬ݰ˿ɽλڰ˿λãؽʱܹݱռİ˿أͬʱҲܹεؿסʹΪɷָһ֡
ⶼδ飬˭Ҳûôȫ֧һϾͶ޴󣬶ر֪ó͢ʦţҪҪ⡣
ô˵ǶӦѦ̸һ̸졮Ӣ硯ٿڼͷѾǱ˳ڣλȷҪֻܵȳ͢ж֮ˡҶѵ˵Լ뷨Ͼ볯͢νʮƽжƹеĳ㲻ˡ
мƽжأã³ͷǳ͢һ࿴˰ɣʯѵ뵽һӣ˷ܵؽ˳
һ˸ۣ˵Եļһ
ΪסǼҺԺ˵жٸֻǶжҲȫ޷ա֣ô֣赲ô죬֮ôӡ㶼ôһֱ⣬ǹƵһʯľԴ
½̾˿˫Ŀоһƺĳ־˵ô˵ǲ˻ҵɥʧοСʦУΡӢ硯ҵʷᣬУŻܳȡ³׼ҲҪСʦܰȫ뿪
ʦֵܿȻǣȻʦֲ˵ҲСʦܱʹȥġ
Ҷ¸ж֪⼸λʦһԼġһһ˵ллλʦֺ񰮣ʦܸмȻλʦҪʦһǻط̸ãʦҲһոսݵֵҪλʦֽһ¡

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ˣˣҲҮ
ԴСħţ࣬ӴСһһԹҶԼܵļһ˺üͷһƢ֮һ򣬴ͷҶ·Ūʪյġ
һĿһԹϵֵһμޣΪɽˮ֮СɽϤĺܣûɽЩ޽棬ȻҲںСʱӴħԳ
ⲻӡУе޶Ӧ׼ģʳΪޣʱҲԳΪٿ֮ܵޣЩշǳҲˡ֮俴ֵܣ
ɵվţҶһԷͽ亰˹˽ܣ࣬ǰࡪ
λүľٶŪԴе㷢ɣԵɵɵĲ֪ôǲҲҪͷţкأ
ˡħԳľԪȻһǿζһСħţԣðΪ裬꣬꣬ҪʱϡͿرҶеǰûעСħţı仯ߵǰʱ䲻ͷ׳Ưţ͵ض˹

һУ˫ʶؾץסСħţֻǣֻСħţඥȥʮ׵ľ룬˫ͣ
ʱΪŭ벻ᱻһֻ͵Ϯ˫۱ŷСħţ֮Ȼﵽƽ⣬һһڴ˽
ҶǹЦ֪ڹеʱ򣬴±ûٳԹĿֵϷȻᷢ
ҶһЦţһȥԶԶƮ˹һӵֻúϤϤպҾһˣʶ
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˸ҶϵꡱСʦһֱ޲ڵĶܽˮʱǰľڵʿһ
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ˮæҡֱʾްʯƤЦؾ˹Ǹ˿⣬½磬λЦݣ֣صʩһ
ĪҪʦΪ˱ˣȻǸģʵֻܣ²Եġ
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һͷȷΪ⽮ĳ߸ƣҪֵȷףһֵģп볯͢һֲҪᣬĳɹҲпܱԷΪǹṦͶܶԷԹޡ
Ŀ꽵ͣλڳµĶϣĹҲ㹻͢ӣͬʱҲиĸ׳ɹ
֮µĶĿǰ鱨Ӧһ׵ܵܳ׻һĶӳа롪Ҷ˵һЦҾǵĶĿӦȷаϡ
Ϊʲôʯɻʵ
ΪʲôҶһۣĿ˳ۡ
ʯ𾪵ؿԼСʦܣȲʵ˳ۣǶôҪɰʲôֵ˵ġôˣĿаˡ
½һ˵ҲãĿˡСʦܣ˽Ĺа鱨ϸ˵һ¡֪֪ˣս
Ҷٺһ֣˵ֻúᣬȫ˽⡭֪и쳣˽˵ĴΪ˱Ǹаһϼ˲о쳣͸Ϊľҵһء
Ŷˮ۾һȤôһˣԸԸԸажС
Ҷŵ˵Ǹ˿϶Ը⣬ΪϰĽʮʱΪ˱аŻŵġ


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ҶŭƴŽִлӰĻѳ
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ⲻˡϵꡱλүûѾƣץסҶ֣лΪǱšԺء
½һԼĲ˲֪԰֮ˣлӰ˲ûʲôɫ
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˵꣬ҶˮߣһˮһźٺֱЦ˵ͷȥˡ
һᣬ˵ļ́һ޴ˮ׽½ˮﵹˮľˮ֮󣬽ˮлӰһŬ죬֡
˵׳һлӰӽˮС

һУлӰˮһ͵һ𣬾ѹ㶵ؿǰʶһʱδѣŻһһͰˮͷ£лӰһѹ
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Ҷȥָλү쵤ⵤҩ֮ǰǡϽϵģҪþǿٻظԪҩжǿЧѸ٣ȥЧ
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׽ҴߣƫƫĸףԻˣñΪûзʵ֪Ǹ˲Ҵ磬ҲµĸףҴлҴȥ˵ʵǼȷŭģǱױѣնһЩڡԺǴ֮ҶˡΪʲôҪΪ˵ӶԸʶأԼҾңҼȲΪӶҪΪĺӶҪԼΪԼøã
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лӰѣȻ԰ȣڹȻҲԴˡ


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лӰҡҡͷøȻʦ˵ҵԸʵΪʺϵķķһ̫Ǵͷѧϰڹϰʮ˺۷壬ˡǵõʲôĵرĸ벻ǰΪʵʩඥ֮һǿܴﵽ۷֮Ҫ죬ҪԼ컯ˡ
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Ļɽ𢣬Ȼ࣬ʵĸ飬ҪȷǿҰ򱶡
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ִ䣬粨ڴڵǽٴηأƬ֮ͬһ㣬磬һƬ͡
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㣿ѦĹԭ㵷Ͳ´󽫾ɱЩı֮˵ȫң

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޴ѦĹЦѱΪЧѳ͢Ͳ³͢ȫô
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δǿѹʮ⧲֮£бδ̳㱻ĵԣֻţӢץ
ݱ߾УӢһһĸ֣ȲѦĹȴ㡢ܶͨ²֮ϡڵצͷĳ֮ʣѸĳ嵶ͣ͵ϻȥͬʱ´죬׼ȺȥڷӦϽ磬ؼ汸˵иɻ


176 Ӣۻ磨һ
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177 Ӣۻ磨
ҶлԪһ·űͨĵطߣббһһ¥ȴʽ֮Լƻһ֡
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ǰлԪԱ¼ĹٻתҶǰ˵λôң˵лԪ
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ҶʮǰͶʮͣŷƬϲǰ͹̵ĳŮ򡭡


178 Ӣۻ磨
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лԪΪΡӢ硱ΪЩ˼ֻϯϬǾףףͭյ꣬´µ޹Ǽ⵶
ҶµؿЩòĹæǰæ̧ͷ㿴úشλȻȫоɫ
ҶҲһʱ棬˹ȥҪǸ߹۾øյ¥£㱻ǰĻﲻڡ
λ磬ʹҶһ˵ţһóơ֪
ٷϻ˾ûﲻôһһ㡭
Ҷæߡ
ػͷٿú¥һۣҶаѵ˴˵еġٵ֡ǲЩ̫ˣס֡
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ҶҲһԼʦţҲ䲻𡣳ȡʤԼƹ۶ᱻ˱ɵĸ¾ͻһ겻
ǵʦǼһ档Ѧͨʦţаİܼƻȡȡĵط̫Σա
յſڵҶһ⡣
ʹӭӸͬ
Ϸ󽫾
ҶĿɿڴֽʱñ

ᶨʱʼϽᣬĸŵ
չʱϡϡбͳŰˡ
½һˣҲһʿ֮ʱ˹Ȼ֮ǰо󽫾ĽģͣԽϤʵԽóɹ߼֡
лӰɢͷҲճ˺ӣüĿ֮ױۻ˼ʣòϤˣէһۣҲԷֱ
ֻлӰճӵĽˮЩ°ͣץץȥ
ʲôأʭҵ˶ϵͽֵĿۣץɵ
һ˴ԶɽھֵʦڷԶɽ˻᳡
ƹ۵ʿԳжԶɽȻûֱӲ룬ҲԸ֧֣ǣҲǡ˵ĵϵԭ򣬸ҪԶɽھְѲŵǺסǳ֮ʱԶɽھҲֲʲôãԻƹ˩һϵƣܲ㣬Ҳܲҡ
˽ǲжһ·ϸʽĽ»ŸͷŽش߳ԽĿһеͬƳһ۲еˣ㶼¶һ֮ı飬Цʮӡ
رֵģɳϼأɳȻмصżۣŲѵعЦߡ
Ҳ١ɵԶ֪үҫģлӰһһе˸ݻܲЦġ
үҲû°ɣ
ҿ˭竣Ҳз竣һϳǵĿСǶðͰ͵ܳһ۵Ҳܸȣ
лӰ٩٩̸֮䣬ͻȻòԣһ̧ͷʦҵһЦؿԼȻ󺧣Լʦҳơ硱ⲻĽʲô
ˡϽ˳Ű˳Ľ˸ڡ
ͨᡰĵ·඼ڷŻܣָʾһͨ᳡صĵɵеģҪϲ·ˣҲ·࣬ʮһڵľ˻
оﲼֵлӰ˵Ͻʮ˹ֻȥġҪĵطرھڲ˵İΧȦˡ
񺱼ûű飬˫֣ͷ˵ﲼֺƴÿ֮䶼иǽƳҪһĲ֣۹أзȣǿҪС
һָλģͬʱҲλߵġ˵ۡĹؼ֮ڣҿûУϾȻ˸ߵ¥йһڸΧȺﶼǾе֮ΪţҹԵƻΪϹĺŽ࣬ʵʤ۱
һͷǡ
ӣǣԼ㣬н֮;ɵʵ
Զɽɵﲻĵʿ˻䲻֮࣬Уָ֮Īĸоκۡʱãɵʵƽʱ֮⸮ۡȻΪķ֮أʱָӵıȻǳɡ˴ᣬǷ˰ɣ֪ҹǺָӾӣѡΪҪ֪˿ɿΣ
лӰѵöһԽʱϸٿȻľε˾òǳаɣҪָӣǵļƻ͡
ǳ׻лӰĵģصʱ򣬳аǾ飬Ӧԣڼ䣬Ȼó׻򡭡һ̾˵֮ʱֻҪ׻ϯ̣֮ǳ֮ʱ
Ҫǳаһֱڳߡ
ǲܡлӰȻ񶨣֪ǵлвأиһ˳аߵˣǰΣй۲꣬ϰһֱı䣬ÿɱ֮ǰȻҪȥһڴϰʱȻԡ¡ˣÿһϰߵˣնĪʧһʲô֪Ҫϰ߿϶䣬Խشɱ¾ʱ̣ԽˣҲ׼һϰʱұɱ¾֮ǰ֮󣬻ǰһ졭
˾ԲԳаϰ߷ǳ⣬ÿ˶вһϰߣ޿ɺǣؼСʦһлӰṩ鱨Ҳỳɡ
ޣ
ǰ½ͻȻһٿȻվ
ǰһҶǰ˹صɫжһ
ҼѦˡҶĵһ仰
˽ŵ֮
ܳаļƻȡҶĵڶ仰
ɻҶ
취ܡҶĵ仰
һƬ䡭


180 Ӣҹ磨壩
ɭϣȥ
ܸǽѲߵĻʮһӣȮû취ᷭǽˡ
ǣǽڵĽξȥ
ùǽ֮ʱȻǵıսˣû˱Ҫ־ܣ

ʦĴ̽飬ϢƽΪй
ҶѦ̸֮УԽƵ˶ûбҪðգӦ뿪ֻۡĴ֮̽ĽΪΡ
½һˣҶѾˡ¥Ĵ֮ϣԶɽھȻλȴǰԵҲãｻͷӶҲݱͬʱߵĲǳԶ¥̨סȻ¥̨ҲڲԶ
ʱڣ˼ʮң˵ĲԴ˵Ĵ֮˲ٶ˵ڱ󣬷ֱԼľϯ̸ʱǽͷӶսࡣ
Ҷ̾Ϣ˵ֻг˫֮ʱĴҷſȥˡаȻùԭƻеĳ뷽ʽÿõõ
͢˫֣ǵʽ֮ǰ͵Ȼȥ꼰㡣ҵ˽ӿ˵
ߣ͢ͳ˫־ڱصãԼļƻƣ֪˭Ц治˫ʲôƣܹö߶ô־ҶԹƵĻȴ˶˵ͳ
ΧĻ˵Сʦ˵Ĳ˫ֵһǴһĵƣ˫ŶԼʤΪƵ˶Էôŵƣһ˶󲻵ġԽˣǱԽΣա
˽ȸͬʱӿͷ
ҶŲµ¥¥ݴ˵ϳ͢ĳʱӦñ÷̵ıʱ֣ƾġԴģµи֣ʣϵȼˣƾѦʮ֣Ըһֵ
һ֣бнռݶȻΧסĲͱжгľӸ£ùΧɱȺۡ
Ǳ˫ֵɲǣѸٽ¥ʱա¥ΪӣǿԳû׷ӰȷǸط뿪ķΧô
лӰ֣صͷ˵ʦģΪ˰а룬ͨĳӣˮĵصһ߹Σû⡣
еصôҪ壬ǲͶһûƶƻķԶɽʱɻطʡ
ҶĽ͵ͷģصЩ͵Լڵģ¥ƾʮ䣬ĳջΪƣΪ㣬ڵʱлʷͬ£˼촰һĵص٣ط̫󣬱㽫СתƵ˱𴦣¥ǵļ촰ͨˣֻڣĵصڣڵ¥ԱߵĲֿڴ˵زԶĻ԰ǴۡĵطﵽĶֻмԶڶҲѱˣǸתĵطҲ˻԰Ӱھһɽ󣬻Ρ
Զɽֵ˷ŷģһߵлӰִչ˵ҵڵص촰ʱҲǡϽʱڣҵԸԭĵصЩ飬֪顣ĽҵҲֻǽʱĹ촰͵صϣʱæҵҲδԶ飬֪صֻǷסͷڣȫʵҵΪ˶Ըаǻ˴󹦷򣬷ѾѰϽĽͼʱֵ£ֻ˴󹦷ҵĹ֪ĵص飬ֻ˴۲ŽҵǴڡ
ԶɽСӺۡʱɵȤʵ㻨ʲô۲ŻĽ
лӰһ׵ӣ㬵˵ҵʱ칫ͻ㱨ģҾĥӲݵظٽȥ̽顭
ʲôۡ
ɲ֪ҵԸΪתӣЩְȤǱֶ飬ǲ֪жʹ࡭
һͬ̾ȴţôӣ֪жôʹŶԣ
ô˵ؼǵڵλඣ
лӰһЦǵõصڵλãǵ촰λöǵָָǰʮ״һϯλǸطһ촰ԭַ⡮ĵذĵ¥֮䣬שʵľΪʵֳ֣һʱԴơǿ촰λã㱡ˣǼλʦ岮ֶƣֱͨ¥
һ˿ǸȻ˵˵λãҼһ£ͷʲô⣬ֱӴͨذ壬¥
á
лӰ벻Լһʱ죬ȻһƬ̱㽫촰λý
Ҷ˵֮󣬴ӻͳһ޻ָˡ
÷̵ġ˾ʮֻҪ޻մʪ˶סͿԷס
ֺ޻֮ҶرҼס¶ʱ޻һҪÿˮմʪ޻¶ûжôġ
˷׷ױʾף֮ؽ޻뻳С
Ҷһ˿ԽԽıͣٿ˿սϦ
Ҷһ屣ӡȻ֣ص˵λˡ

ʱʱʱ֣Ƴˡ
ῪĻ֮ʱѾֻʣһʱˡ
ʱıѾ߳ɣ๧άš
ҶʱӦصлԪԵߣϾлԪԵӣǲδ˻ɣĴѰлԪ֮ʣſһƬ֮
Ҷͷһȴһĸߴһߴ߽ڣһǸòŮ˵Ŀ⣬Ȩ׷ǰ̸
ϵҲӦʶɣǡԺаľϳǵһ
Ҷһͷһ˲ɵЦܹһֱҶ˵ģǰĪҰˡĪҰ˹Ȼδĳսŵĳ³ͨͷԴӡԺһ֮δˡ
ԭĪ˰Ǻǣ³ϣֻǼδǰȴʤ˰ȻǳսϺŵĸ߸֡
³ͨҶŵ٩ƨĵǹЦֻһ仰Ե˫ĹϵʮֽܣֱӹάƨҪడ
Ҳû뵽ղϵܵĹǷԾƵͽϸƨ˵Ŀʵ³ͨѻӣҶգգ۾
ҶȻɵЦȴҵĽ̫죬ͷȥ˰
ĪҰЦ˵³ˣҲˡ³ˡսšǰǸ˳󽫾˰ϯŵľͱҵȿǰˣ󽫾ԹɵӰ


181 Ӣҹ磨
ĪҰ˸ἰ£Ҷѣаԭ³ͨǳ͢ļָ֣ǳսĴӦԸݱ͢ļӦò֪
̧ͷĪҰ볯Լգ۾΢΢ͷʾס
³ͨõĪҶ˵Ŀ佱ɵ˼ֵɫȻǫ顣󽫾ǿӲŰŵλܽλֵܣҵΪźġ
ҶĪ˸Цţ˸
³ͨ˵˵ȴ̾һĪҰɻʵղžͼ³̾ģôˣ
³ͨ˵ʵ³ĳ֮ǰĽǳû󽫾ãȡ档Ҳ֪ǰŲ̫죬λ̫ϳϵ˼ǽύٸȡùٸ֧֣ȻһŵȲ̵ܽɡ
Ҷһ亹ϵǲ̵ܽжȻƹ۵֣³ͨĻʱλսŵĳϣȴѹΧ˿ų˵ϳǣŷλ󽫾Ұļ󣬾ȻˣڼѪȶңݳɱҲǳ͢˾˵󽫾ĪҪ³ͨΪֱֹƣһıֱе˼Ȼǡ췴κ˶ö
ҶĪҰ뻥࿴һۣҶæ˵³ǰԣ˶ӣĪҪ˿ɱ֮ҶȻΪԷһ䲻֪ٵӻͰѳ͢ж¶Уػ֮ԡ
ǰ³֣ɱͷĻĪҪĺáˣղἰͷԣбô
³ͨһȻ˵˵ˣõǡ䡯Ĵ𸴡
ҶĪҰٴζһۣԷжԳսŵĲֵ˳͢Σѡݴ֮ʣǳսžȻϹۺ̵˼Ǵӳ͢ǶȡͨڵĽǶȣսŶδЩ̫ˣΪݵһɣʵ˷ߺ޵Ҫ
˵ЩķĻˡСֵǷһȥĪҰ⣬Ҷ롣ãλϵĺѿԸϵһһܡ
Ҷ֪ĪҰһͬģǳ͢ĸɸ֣ȻʶһǴʱϽлĪ⣬һҪѰҼˡŶλˣСʤǡ
³ͨǰҶǵرαװݣĪҰ˸ɫٸ³ͨݱҶſڵķѰҡ
лԪΪ֯ߣʮа˾ӭӸ͡
ҶſڴȥʱӦ߰˰ˣȨֶ̼ŮӣһЩҲŲŮԼҾϯֻľʿȫżҽǵӸλᡣ
ЩŮǰ֮ˣԶȱ㹻жΣʶʱŮȫΪӭϡӢ硱֮ﵱʢμӵġ
ŮӶͷṬ٣ʢװᣬζΪ£ͷҡֻ򳤴ϥȹ³ӣַ䣬纱۵Ľ𻷣Լָ񻷣飬ϵңӣһʱӰĿѣԡ
ͷᣬ¼ۣüβ֮״ˣŮӳȤ
Ҷɵð̾ѵ⼸վϳǵȷѪͲЩүǸеһ˿һĿ־ô
ſڴȺٿȻӵҶǰУʱŴһ嶯ȴԭǻУξ̩ϽĶǻͳ죬ڡԺйһ֮ԵĲҲڶ֮С
̩Ŀڣκᰫһȴϸխòɫȫ෴Ƿ˶԰ףλ̩ȴǽʵڣλҶ׵ܵܣλУξȻ˱ɫͦñֱΪ硣
šϽѦĹ⡰λУξΪ³׻֮ĵһ佫λͬʱҲ
ʱһ˷֣һȺϳеȨвپеĽ죬׷ǰǰݻᣬǵأƨĵԲŪλΪУξЦĲѡ
ҡ
ɽϻӳƴ
ҶһЦҪ뿪Ŀһתȴ̩ߵĲ˸ţ˫ô˸ۣԷâһ̩һ
ã˵ڡԺмң׼ûû
ȻЦ̩׵Ļ֮ɫٿȻ࣬͵̧ͷ˹˫Ŀɱε¶ֱֱسҶ˹
Ҷ޹鷳ķȥ
վס
һȣҶǰһһЦصסԼȥ·
ôСӣʶĳô
ԲλĳãСɻҪ벻Ҫ
ױԷĿƿڴС֪ҼҴл㣬Ҳȥ
ΧһִΧ˹
Ҷ俴ǰһŭɫĲףȻ˵˵ˣҪÿ
ɫһ࣬ȻȭۿҪ֡
ҶɵһԼѲյ°ɣΪһĸ֣ҵĶô
ҶۿŲף׼ֵĹ֮ʱһЦ
ߺߺߣλСֵܻǲءΪУξ˾ְõˣҪ㣬кβɣ˿Īй
Ҷһǰַʵ̩ȻߣĿɱͬʱȻԼݣѹԼԼõ˵̲Լǹ˽ҪŪԼŻĵ
Ҷнʣã˵лͯΪʹͣλ뿴Ҷһƣ˵Ҳʲôˣλ⣬ȥҼˡ
̩ȻŭȵTMDСΪлԪҾͻ㲻ɣˡ
̩ΪУξִڵֶǻȻλ˵ľһ֮£߳һ֣ڡ
̩һָҶȵһɴйأҽ£еֿ͵ظɱ

бҶ˹
ס֡
һʺȴȺд˳
̩ɫһ䣻ҶһȴѼֵļöͭǮٴ˻ȥ
Ϊ˶ʺ֮˱ǽʷлԪԡ
ֻѮȻлԪԽڶʩʩȻվ̩ǰ̩һͷлԪԹ¿ŶԷ̬ȴݲȣôľϣֺڵ갲̩λԽԽɧлԪԳеøȲӵٷ磬ٷ硣
ڳΪصҪԱȻò˴˵ľ죬Ǹ˽۷׷ף͵Цġ
ҶЩ鶯лԪϻ˼Ҳ߯ˣһһǹġ


182 Ӣҹ磨ߣ
лԪ̩һվһһһһڣһ˧һﱡ˵㵱ٱ͵棬ֱӰѸУξڮٵòƸࡣ
лǾӸµϬƮݡһ긾ŮͷһͷĺѺз죬͸࡭
ƺܲǰ̬ƣ̩Աһܡ
͡
ܲסŮЦһƬǿЦĹ
̩ŭлԪ֮гҪԭϵ⣬ֱ裬ﻹܵס̩˽²˳ı췴Ĵҵ֪ҹлԪԵڣǰһôʵ
лԪԣץӷΪ赲ĪҪӷô
лԪԿҶһۣתͷɻʵСʤͯ˵ץץ֤ݣ
֤ݣߺߡʹ˾֤ݡ̩ݺݵ˵
֤ݱץˣҪô
㡪̩һ浶ģڿڲıȵùлԪʵģƽˣ۸лԪͷϣǰһȴҲ治תˡ
Сӣǰ١̩ҽݡ˿֤ҽݹΪء
ڴ˴ô
⡭ڼҡָϣȷϾͯлӰҲУѴ̡
ϡְϷ򳶽ˡ
лԪһЦǵΧһЦ
̩ҽݡŶǼҽݰҲˣ԰ɣˣ˵ѡ
̩ŭȵ˵ʵ
˵ʵҲˣ
ĳ˵ԡڱڼˣƼΪء
˵ҼССͯá̩ݡĹһ۷ĸָˣ²⻰ģ̫ˡ
Χ˽һƬȻ
ô̩ݵһСӴˡ
涪ˣ⻹ųƾϳǵһô
⼸츮֮ʹ̩ҽݺˣԭġ
ֵ裬οɶˡ
٣ǸüĿģ벻ֵӲ

˾㶼ѧ֣һЩȨ͸̣ҲϰΪԺյռĿ꣬Ǯû͵ġʱлԪԱ̩ԼĵܱܵһͲʮġСͯˣϢҲ̫ˡɵһҶָָ̩㣬۷׷ס
̩˷֪лԪԵˣɫǵøƤعһɫð
̩ҶҲܲʵϸԼ衣
ܵھϳҲͷȻһСͯǮģ档
Χϡϡ̩Ҫ֡лԪԲʤٱѧҲǸ̩߳ڶ࣬ƾľסлԪĴأ
Ŷ߳ŭҪô㣬Ǵ󽫾ġӢ硯ǼҺ˭룬˭롭
лԪ˫Ŀ䣬һ˿̻ض̩λУξΣûҳ֣Ȼй
ãͬΪǺΪáлԪԲģСС˶Էһء
ϣǱɥ̩ͻȻ̧߳ͷƳҶһۣٶлԪԣѹ˵ͬΪǺǣлʷܻ˵ɡһ˵꣬͵ؾƵأɫֳһ˿źͰûڣһߣתڽȥ
лԪԺҶȴΪһ仰ɫ䡣
̩֪Щʲô
ҶѸٽӽлԪԣѹֻüʵлˣô£˼ϳҪж
лԪɫ粻Ҳĳ϶ԸңֻĳǷ֪ǵжֻһˣǻʤϣҪ֪˳͢ĶֻҰⳡ᱾һ壬Ŀǽ͢һ򾡡
ҶȻõķ룬л˼볯͢жҲڳȷΪⳡ߻֮ô֮ǰ϶볯͢أлǲǹأ
лԪԻͷ˵ԸҶˡһתͷҶļص˵ôչǶҪȫ֮ȥ֪ͨһЩ
Ҷ֪ǵ֮ȥ

ʱ
ڱͲѵ롣
ɫȹװĹװŮڸϯ֮䣬ΪĿǷϲˮ͸㣬ϣʦĵڵ¥ɣʱãЩˮŵģ˵ЦţȴĿʼ
Ҷڴʱӵ¥ɫ˵ѿлԪƵغ衣Ҷصϯλ֮ѹ˵Ѧ˵ƻѾִУ͢Ϊ˻ʮʱ䣬޷ı䣬ֻܾ䣬ˡ
лԪеĲһּͣյغ˲衣
ɡ
һε̾ϢĴ
ҶȻϯλԸӿɲԴС
ҶѲȫңңĸԶɽͼλʦִ˸ɫӰ죬Ҳڶıз˼ϤףĪҰ롢³֮ͨǰѾŮҲʶɽׯϾҲȻУλΪǰΨһҶеģǾȻһϯп˼зϵľܣΪˣڡɽׯôôðǰأ
ƺӦҶĿ⣬ľתͷһЦشؿڣҶԷ峺񣬺Ȼ֮ǰԼ˵һ仰Щˣбѡʱ򣬱Ѿ˱ľģ˱ľˡ
ҶٿȻ뷨Ҫڶʿһͬս
Ҷλ󺺣ͬʱҲһؿڣȴ¾ģЩֵν

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183 Ӣҹ磨ˣ
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185 Ӣҹ磨ʮ
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ĪҰ뷢ţŭȳԷȺ˫ָ߸߾ٹͷѾõġȭеһơ׺Ρų˫ּ͵һ׹֣žз׹һƻΪʮ׵֮ߣѱɱĺȺ֮СԷ׼֮ͽϰӲսոճ嵽зǰϵ֮£˹Ӱжʮ˱ɨҽб׵ڵأβѣʧȥս


185 Ӣҹ磨ʮһ
ֵܣϡ
ĪҰЦУİԽĪҰ룬ɱ˵У֮£ֺ飬ڵϵĶʮ˲һ뱻ȴѪĽ֪ٸֻδ㱻˶ȥ
ĪҰ룬
һҹһ𣬶һߴӰӭĪҰֱһȭȭƿջȥۿǱȭҪжԷ壬ԷߴӰȻһΪùȭ磬ҡһʱס
ĪҰղǿһ֮δִ֮ˣͬʱЦԭǰװʲôߴͣ׺Ū˵İϷ浶ǹĶŸɡ
ֵܣ٪壬书ݶ伵ޱ˵٪壬ʧ֮ڸηŰݡʮ꣬ǳ£ֵһֱ׷ɱʮǰͻȻ伣벻ȻǱ򣬶ݡʱĪҰݣֱеʹɵÿŭеϴĪҰ룬ֵҪڳĸ¾ơ
ٶȿ쭣˫צɢڹ⣬׷ĪҰɱ˹
ͬʱ͢Ӷָ֣Խ˵Ĺģ֮ڣ׽ɱ

ҶԼٶ»۵һĵĳλü
ԼٶȰߵ·ѵ¶滢ķΣͬʱͷ̺ãϻƵķڡ
һᣬװˣװĻ޷ֱֻǲֵĺɫţƤ׺еıˡ
ЩлӰ丸ĹϵŪģһʮףַ˽ˮһˣͷǰȫ뿪ϳǵıҪװ
֮󣬷Զɽϲɫ˷˵̫ˣڵˣ˭Ҳ뵽ĳ·ȻΣյѬ֮СǲҪˣЩ뿪źá
Զɽ˵ȥ˼֮ٿȻŻͷһԭ½һˣ㶼վ˵
ôˣߣԶɽߴٵ
ͷ߰ɡ½̾
ʲô˼ϣǰ⼸λȻֹǰˣ÷Զɽѡ
ҵһЦ˵˼ͷǵʦǼ̵ĸʽűģʦֵܶһƢ
ʲôƢ
쵰ʹһͻҵٿȻú壬˵һΣôһ쵰ҪǲɱһӶ
Զɽʱľаԭһˣûµ
λһͬѰɡԶɽһᣬ֪Լ޷ȻԷ
񵭵һЦͷһɣһҪǴܵĵ·ȥλʦܵ˽ͷʵ飬Ӷݵ׼¡˵ҵʦֵܣҪ̷ͷܰȻطƹء
ҡ
ˣ֣ҪˡԶɽҪȡȴ½һڴϣ׵ҵͽˣ뷽ֱء
뷽ֱء
ƹһ˵һͬŷԶɽϹ񡭡
Զɽ鼤֪һǰ;ãδ֪вɰ̾ǿ̶ˮһ˵λء
˿ŷԶɽԵĲֿ֮ڣ࿴һۣһЦ
ҶָһЦлӰʵôߣ
лӰƲƲ죬ݶһָ˵û취Ǽүӻûߣôߣ
ҶҡͷʧЦС֮ǰô׵ؼʱ̻¸飬лӰ֮ˣԼȻûп
лӰһϯ˲ɵöĿ࿴ҵ˿񶼱òͬˣ࣬¶һ˿͵ζ
ôҵʵ
ҶʦֺһۣһЦЦȻ˫һĬ
ջǺ˵ϼƻץסа롣뿪ﲻʱӦûڶ⸽ֻ¥иʺϵĵط취ȥ
һͷʾס
Сʦܣôˣҵ˼ҶȻͷɵýʵ
Ҷ̧ͷһЦ˵ƻʵʩɣƾǵʵ㹻ˣҪȥ͢ЩǱȥһڲġ
ȻҶһᣬȷǼ
½Ȼ˵ҲãǷͷжԽʵ޶ȵķӳһҲġʦܣ
ҵչһЦ˵Ҳãһ˭Сʦܴһأ
ʦҲеİ֮ǰѾɹˡлӰæƴڻ
ұ죬Щ쵰ٸᡭ
лӰһЦߵ½ͺԣĵ˵λʦ岮Ӱ·ĵͿˣҴѡһλã򿪾ǽڣ˳ǽǽһ졭
½΢ЦͷתͷҶ˵һ԰ȫΪĪǿ
Ҷҵ˶˻ʦֽ̻塪
ˣƹֳַСӳŸԵĿǰ

ĪҰܳ룬ֻҪ룬ݻһʱָ̣ܹʩַﱹٶ죬ಣӰ󣬲Ƭ̻ʱצ繳ȡöĪҰظҪ
ĪҰһǬȥ䲻ݷرܹ϶һԷǷڹצűӺڵذ֮ϣϢһץϬ쳣аŹ򣬾Ȼֶֻݵذ嵱УǴֲ嶹һס
ĪҰձܿ϶˵ֹԲ񣬼ϱ㱻ϴݺݵسһѪ⣬ϴһѪһ꣬˫ĭͿһ˫ѪܵƣٺЦż׷ɱĪҰ롣
ݡ
һƿյһдֱ׷϶ۣԷЦһ͵ץУû뵽ǵȴһת䣬ݺǶԱļ򡭡
лľ
Σʱ̾ĪҰһģľܡ庺֮ǰ˺õ߰˰ˣֲֻҲ޷˹Ȼãһֻ֣Լ˶ʮġذǿԵӦ֡
ٺ٣Ī֣Ҫûңⳡɱɾûʲô˼˰ɣ
ľܹЦ֮ʣһӣҼġذ͵һһѪ꣬˳һסϴ϶һơ
˫һĶһ
˿⺰ɱһƬССķΧڣȴ˶ݵƽ͡һ˸ɱߣΪ˫ˣһ֪ǲǵָ֡
һ֮Ӱէַ֣һӰ̬ת[ŲȻվԱߣгбָһĨѪδӽϻ䣻һӰٿȻˣĪҰһѱסȴǳսͰ࣬һѪͷοȻ˽ˡ


186 Ӣҹ磨ʮ
ֵܣôĪҰ뼱æʵ
ɫ԰ףҡҡͷ˵û¡˵û£һ˫ζŶˣߺ޷ǳ
ԷһңȻ˵սŵСӣȻڹؼʱ̶㿪ɱһĴĶΪƼͷţͿ˵ȽҲˡ
ĪҰ˫üһ壬ܹڽѹưģһУҲҶһˡԷ׿һһϵ̬ȣһԼͬĸ֡ϸһԷг⣬ȴа磬ĳ࣬࿪УΪϸ˵󽣣ǳ׶ʮֹŹ֡ҶڴˣῴöԷĳЩ󽣣ѷʺڴ̻Ҳ˵ԷĽԴ̻ΪٶȾˡ
ԷеĳʽԷݱȻˡ
ĪҰһЦ˵ҵ˭ԭʴɽġ÷͡㲻÷ɽׯңڣȴ˼һ췴Ҳ³͢һѻչɽϵʮ÷ô
÷һЦԵһºƧׯӰˡ󽫾߾죬Ȼ棬һǰ̡
ѵͷ͢ίô
͢ŵ̫࣬ҸԸɱôˣǸô˹¡
ĪҰһһȴﻵԱߵˣѪֹɱڵؾҪɵĪҰľܣʱĪҰ볶ȥɵñŭһŭȣ϶̸ȵϻô࡭ģ̸һȥֵܻҪɱء
ĿкһгͻȻ࣬͵һ˦ͷҪ㿪ԷâȴٿȻվ۷ֱž۵һѪⱬѣϵѪͬȪһӿ

һͬϮ͵Ϯ÷
ĪҰҲûϵЩͽΪȻ޼ɵԼѶ˵ɱɱƽﲻԸҲɱĿյֱɣ
ĪҰŹǧѷĻᣬˣÿһһΣһŭ𣬴˷ɱȥ

Ҷƾż䣬Ũдҵ˽нһԲһ·С
ǰէŨͻȻһ߽һ˶һܵŨ̶кðѦƶĵط
Ũ̴ðɱ洫
˻һۣ֪Ҫҵĵطڸˣӽȡ
˳һͨĿҶѸͥԺǰɫĶԿűһƴɣ¶ͥԺ
⴦ͥԺһƬǽ壬ǲ֫壬ĵǣ޵һ㡣
ҶǿŻµҵ˼񾶶룬ǶṦףѰ½֮
Ǻݶһ£ܵ͢ǲĸּһ򾡡
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ﲢǳ͢רΪ˴ƽ׼֣רΪɱ˾ѡľרΪƽѶѵЩսĺ֣֮ǰֻڡɽׯһΣﲢûм͢׼ĿսЩӦûھϳеĳִŶԡ
ҵԸɲ죬ʵʲôƶļƻȻӦĲԶûôȫһ㣬ȴɢȫռ죬ƶƻ֮ˣδ̫˰ɡ
Ҷͷһ˵֣ࡱ֣չáԡŲߡųƵĳ͢һߣ֮⣬ҶԼľõĹ۸УʵǲôӻҶõˡ顱ۣڣֵõһԸۡ
Ҷ̾һ˵ȻͻʣӦ취ȥЩԱŶԣΣӦøȫƾϳǣΪר½ǳռҪص㣬Ҳᱻ𡭡
ҵЩ΢ʵ˵ƶƻ֮ˣҲǸ׷ˣݲһ˿һ⡣ͻȻ⣬Ȼȫ̼ƻ
ҶСһѱս˵ʲô⣬ȻͷƵƻǿִеģֻҪܽƻͻȻֵĨƽͿˡ
˵ڶͥԺеñը÷飬ֳǰͥһĲҲ̶ãͥԺ᷿ȻûбʮҶҵ˶һۣæ˹ȥһŵſţһھȻжʮ㶼̱ڵأ֪
˰̽飬ЩֻǱ˹ȥŨѬһĺڻңϰ֮ǿͨѱжŨѬЩֻŻԶѣδȥ
ϽˮҵԸ
᷿ͭ裬ҶŸ˳ȥԺڵһдˮϻطʱҵѾ֣͢ԴЩԺ˲ٶ̣ͣؿԡ
˶ŪѣŪѵϵԺȥ˹ѷҶķ۳Ƴˣǵܺáҵ˳󺺺ȵ
Էͷʾףֱùˮߵá
󲿷ֻΣˮһδ̼ת˹һļҲѣһֶλѵģ϶Ƕ̸ѬԺģŪԺУͰˮص
ȫѵˣһ飬Լǰأһź󱳣һ£ͬʱͻһƣ֮˻³һѪٿͣؿȳɫѪĭȴǽβ˳βֻЩ΢ˣȴ˲ָ˰˾ųɵսβﲻƳ᲻ͣĿԣ˽֣Ҳʹ
һʮĸˣʱڷ˹Ϣ׼ͻȻ֮ıըֱӾͰǸ˹ȥʲôҲ֪ˡ
᷿ôûըѵǾȻըҩôҶֵʵ
ʮһҡͷʾ֪
ΪŪڵµߡ
ҵ˴ڻ߳һŶΪߣһһԲĽ򡭡
ǡ
ŵġ顯ӵ˲ʮţȴΪǽ߱һնϣûбը
ԱһѹĴԾʵ˵ǽϵǼô
ҵɫһԵǡĪǣǼΪ֮ģ
ǸɫرȻ˵ң֪˭ԭСоȻһӻΪһӵӶһ٣û뵽ӵġ
ŶǾǵô
²ֹ󺺣Ҳ֮ǰǸ̾˿˵Сǳ͢ɱ֣ƽʱȴװɳӣŪһĴζƲ˵СһζţֱͣжǰǸϵôȥˣڿ¡СӣǸ缸㣡
Ȼ㶼


187 Ӣҹ磨ʮ
ԶɽһĴ磬ǴӻҵĽڻ˳ǽԤԼõĵطҵһֱȴĽˮˡ
ڽҶ˵ľ߸֮˻ҵС
TMDǻʲôɱȥʯһŭҪ뽫ʦֵܻϡ
ʦ𼱣ô޲Լȥɵ侲࣬סʦܡ
˵ô죿ѵǰװɣʯ۾ɵͬţ壬ź
ʾʦ԰꣬Ϊ֪嶯Ǿİ취ʱҪһ侲ȷ
ɿһۣһԳ˼ĽˮСʦܶԼλݵܼΪƳ磬ļƲʮӣʱԼҴ£λڲȫֵʲô
뵽˴ɿŽˮδйصɫʵֵܣԽʹҼСʦ㣬Ҳ㣬˵ɣô죿
ǰô죿ЩĵһֱüĺĽˮ
ˮ֪ʱǿԼʱˣʱҳļƻٺͼľñ֮ԥ֣֮ںɡ
ˮĿᶨžη֣ᶨ˵ֳͼλľǶԵģҪȡʤսĺľӦѡڡϽڣ³ⳡսʤˡֳභʱѣȡʤʤ֮Ҳ˶á
˵ô죿ʯЩĻҲȥҪĲǷ棬ҪôҪǴ𰸡
ڵľԲڳ͢Ŀڣ뵱Ĳͬڳ͢Ǵڱĵλÿ˶ˡ
ˮ˵ͷ˵뷨;
ʦ㿴ֵܶͬȥˡʯ˵Ҫ塣ֱʦָק˻ŭֵܻû˵꣬㼱ʲô
𼱣ҪȣܾǼȥȡڳĴ𣬳͢ŵռ˰áվҪλãŴսҲǳңӦŽᳯ֣͢еϽ
ǵĻЩ˻ôɻʵ
šˮ϶ĴЩ˻ǻŵġ
ˮǰбĿ͸ǰδеľâ˵µ鷳һ£ȥлл˾вڱлԪԵļˣʱǻδܵ㽫ЩټϵＯϡлļˣҲһ˻ڸۡ͵͵ؽ跨ڱ𴦣˾ʹڸĪȥлл֣Ҫٳǣʱһ˱һ
ɹǰлûл˵İţΪ֪ʱǷĵʱܾȵлԪԵĶ˾Ѿˣлˣ˭һһ˼Щ˵ˡ
˳֮󣬽ˮ˵鷳Ҵ˵ĺ֣Ǳؽ´ӵصзأ֧Ԯֳˣ䲻ֵ࣬Ǹ
Զɽæ廰ҺɽҲɱȥ
λֹȻƹ۵ѡʯɫһ񣬸м˵
ؿϵһۣʯɫּأ΢һ˵Ƕˣô죿˭㣿
ˮЦЦ˵뵣ģλǵãһҪҵϾˣ֯ڷɢĳ֣͢ԮϽ
˵ͷǡ
ˮɣһ˵λ鰲ϣ棬СҲҪˡ
һԶɽɻʵȱ֣ڻҲ㻹Ҫȥʲôط
ˮ΢΢һЦԺһӰ˵һҪȥһطһˡ
һˣ
ɻ󲻽⣬ʱҪȥʲôˣҲͬףû˵⾸ϳлʶ˰
ˮ΢Цʮ㣬ȴ㷲һ˫ְ師Ľǰ֣ϴô߾ϵͳѦĹ£֪ʱܲ˵

ʯŷԶɽֵܶˣԼһɸ֣ȫ׵ĻװšϽٴθ˻ȥ

һԺҲ̽һ飬ȫΪƽأҲΪֵѦܿŻ˵¶ǻҷ˰ɡ
ǸԼֺͷСѾͷܰ
ǸɣչھµµһŮ÷̡
Ϊ˰ɡ
ҶįشԺ߻ǰԺ
ʿֵ֮ʣͷһ죬÷ҳֱ䡣
ǡ
ˡҶһ𣬼˵ûʱĥ䣬ѦϻӦսлŵʿƴǿȥԮ
ʲôѦѦϻţ
ʮִ͢һŶ־˲
Ѧϻսڴ͵
ûɱȥΪȥֵܱ𡭡
ԣ𡭡
𡭡
ɱ

Щ͢ʿڱܴ֮ڽӦսеĺս֮ٴȼգкҪΪȥͬű
Щﶼ׼ϵȵҶʬҲѰѳݸҵһѣװ
ҵ˿įҶȻһЦ˵εѰ˾͸һ˰ɡô
ҶɵÿЦԼȻû취סλŵĶʦְûԼ֮ԼֵһֲǡµһŮôԼжôܾ˴׿ľôôױأӢš
Ҷ˵ͷǿԼʵⲻǺԶĹѪ磬ʵ
ߡ
ҵ˴ͷһȥ
ڶ೯͢ɱڣǸѦͨĶڡ
Ҷ̾˿ֻؿһۣתϡ

ף
һ֮㱵شҶƮ
ҶٿȻվŶ
һᣬ޶
ҶһTMDСүңȻֻˡ
תҪˡ

ҶٿȻѡ
TMDСүû˽оǸСӵĽҾڲԶֻƮȷԺδ
СʦܣϡҵһͷСʦܲûиɵкϽϡ
Ҷһ֣ʾС
˻ͷֵؿλĹֹһʱЩͷԡ
ҵ˿СʦܽľٶһǷʲô쳣æʵʲôô
ҶҪش𣬡һƮնٴ𣬷·ӾƮһ㣬ʵ
һΣҶҵҲһ
ˡ
һȣҶжϳǴӺԺٿȻһȥ
ҵ˲ҵæ˸æ


188 Ӣҹ磨ʮģ
Сġ
һʧֻлӰק˻
½лӰˣ˳شͨ˵¥һǽڣˡ棬ͷǱĺ棬ĳУǳаķ䡣ѸʩչṦ¥빦򲻵ҵлӰһžˤȥúۼֿ죬һѸ˻
лӰץһһ󼱴¿һжʮ׵ĸ߶ȣаTMDȥ֮һúǰṦλ̫TMDˣŶʮ׵ĸ߶ȣ˼ҶͥŲȴˤTMD˵ҡ
û°ɣ
лʦ壬û¡
ţǾͺáǵĸô
࣬ţڶӦþһˣʱ쵽ˣϾͻȥˡ
קлӰͬ½ԾԾ㵽Ǵ⡣
½ָָ˸ѯɫ
лӰһж·ķλͷʾ䡣
лӰԼץԱһ䷿ݵĴ½һɫһᣬơһơڡʹ
һðһǽŴȻѣӰһƷѵһͬ˷ڡ
½󣬵һƶıԵӷڵĶˣ񲻷ǰ˽˷䡣
һֳ֣˼ǿĹͼΪĬϣǺ£½ϣһͬл֮ˡ
һһƹƹҵľ֮𡭡
лӰһҧԾǽϵƶ֮ʱڵսѽа뱻½ضƷڵأѨ⣬ֻһŭصżˣ۾ŭȴֳʣΪĸ֣Լʲôѵ͢ĸֻҴߣ
а书Ȼǿ½Խսĺ۷֣δЩԸһܣͻȻ䱻ֹˣһ֮䣬㱻ܻ񣬵ϵѨܶڲԣֻ۾ŶԷ
ʼ䣬ƶڳһԼôҲ뵽ˣлӰȻǸһֱԼڽŵӵлӰаɴ˫ۣȲԼ۾˾ȻԼǰ
лӰһЦߵаǰĳаŶԷҪ۾ЦӣٽǲǺֺ֣ʲô飬һС۸Сӣ˿ס㣬Ǻ顭
žһ죬аһӡ֣ӣʲôأѧѧ㣬ѧѧġ
лӰվýźݺݲųаԴЬššЦôôҵʱǲǸһˬأ᲻ҵһķŭ˵һʮСӷڽŵ£˼ָأ
лӰЩֵ½ҪǰֹлӰߵĻ֮󣬷վסˣû뵽һ꣬꾹ûܹ裬пܱЩйݵ裬һŤŰڸеĲƽ⣬۸ĨƽԼ۸С
лӰ˵ĻҲ˵ˣҲˣǰ˵ˣӰԺеʱԸһǴȥ
лӰ˵ͷһĨ۽ˮܴ˵̽Сɱǰжã֪ôһ¡
Ҫ֣ʱ䲻࡭½˵۹һǽժһ͹׾ıһɣǺһ⻪ӳݣˮһ㣬һѼΪϡٵıɵϲ֣һá
Ϊ˽ᣬԱߣʱҵ˱Ҳһ컯
ϲʦǳаΪֿ彣ڰƷı硯ǳʮƽõı
½ΪϲڽɴȻıʶҵһŻģǴϲ˵ȻƷҾȻ̫ԴģȻ
ɹʦע֮ϵлӰ͵Цɨһķ䡣
ﲢ޼Ҿߣֻźĵ̺Ψһǽһ޴ķ裬ŵӦһֻһɫ˿ס˻棬ʲô
лӰȤЦ˵ιҵĳӣòɱɱ˱˰ɣȻϷˣѵЩ㺦ԩɡ
һһŭĳаһۣһѽڵ˿űǰϵķһȥʲô𰡣ôôԴǵİ

Ӱ˹½ͺһŵؿűڻϵķһ̨֮ϣһƤغ죬ʮ˱ۡͷ֧ħǵħλͼ룬ʮֱϣץѪеıҧһ룬еĻʹధǹصˡޡǷӡ綼һƬ֮Уе˺ʹ࣬ذ󣬶ֻмǾʮ˱۵ħʿڿЦ漫Ϊֲ졣
ԭа뾹ȻڵӣΪɱ¾֮ǰ䵻棡
亹ֱðٿȻͷһĿɿڴ½˵ʦ֣ǡ
½һѽǽϵУ˵˵ˣϿųаҵСʦܣⳡսܷ뿪㿴СڳжֵǮˡ
ɫ࣬ϵĳа룬һקסԱһʺŵлӰڼۡ
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һ𣬷ϢУػΪһɳһɫġ̻¶ұ۵ĴͥŲز뷿䡣
λʩֲȴʦֶδȥ

ѭ΢㱵ҶںԺݵĵطҵԴ˰ǿݶǰȻһڱסݶȥȵָ߿
˭氡ңǹСɡ
Сӡ
Ƕʮĸ󺺺ȻȴУľ˹ϵüΪܣؽкš
Сӣ˵㻹ŰǴţ
Ƕʢ㹷յTMD󡭡
ӣţȥӡ

غһƬľﺰ죬ҪֲסˣôҺϴС㶼ˣҿûˣסˡ
Ҷ;Դ˵һŴЦ
ôҹȻûýȻû
ҵһҶļζԡ
˿ƴģɱ÷̣ⳡ̱еĴˡ
һôûҲھȻɢһͽǰԺľžʹ˹
һᣬµ˱㱻
һ÷̣㶼Ĭ
µŮ˼ȴ࣬һ˿ڴӶֱգ˿ڱˮݵ÷ףѪⷭת¶Ĺͷ
˲ٿ
һŮȻٳˡ
еˣһΪ֮ŭ顣
˵żˣ¼е˶ƴġ
ˡ
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ҵȥʩôҺϴС㣬ҶλӢ۶ƣͣͬʱ򵥵¹̡Ҳ˸е˼顣
λĸߴʵȫʮĹСһЦ̡
ԭʱжڼôҴϴСһ·УСɽ˺Ժʾжʱô͵˵йζ죬ɫһ䣬㳶Ŷ˷׹һԲԶˮжϾһϮ÷࣬סϴСԼԱ˳ûȫ뾮֮ʱ˹ȥС뾮Уˮһѹλûôˣȫ˹ȥôֱӱ˳Դײ˾ϣôתС֮£ֻھˣǳȥһƬڣˮףȵɤӶˣҲΪɣȴǡ˺ȹĽк֪˴ɤӣû뵽ĵþȣþ
СӲþһؾôҺϴС㣬ҵȵĸǡ
֮ǰΪС˻һٵĳֶ͢ʢʱָпĹСɵļ򣬼սѣǻΪЩëƤСǣġ
ҶΧһۣȻ˵ôˣ׼սɡ
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Ⱥ֮£Ҷλ侲ǼᶨС֣㹻ء
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ڹ͡񹦡湦ЧҵȽôҾ˹Ҳ÷̱ڹʮۺֻԲܵ𵴣ιȥһЩ
÷תл֮䣬ڿԼԼͷԲ岻Ҳջһʹ
̽㣬ңҶоôҶһʱǰʺ
÷ԲܵԽһʱ̫ʹҶðԺѰļ䣬ͬʱصһм䶼ӵء
ҵأ
ȥݡ
Щ˻ô÷ˮתȻżȵ侲ʵ
̽㣬¾ʣЩ˻ˣָֻսѦǰڷսҪ㡪Ҷ÷̵֣ϵ˵
ܰ
û£ȥѡ
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÷̱ĿһӲҪˮ˻ȥ˫Ŀһâһ˵ߡ


189 Ӣҹ磨ʮ壩
÷̵ݾھ߲Զ֣˼ҶѣˣǷƷ
÷̣һˮŮ˼㣬ȼλӵĳ춷־
Ҷη÷̣˱ϻԵܰչۣٸϵ˱ѦƵǸڡ
ʮ֣͢ͳѱõĶҪɱȥ
ͻȻ¥һĽŲ𣬶ԷȻҲǷĶŸ˹
ѵǳĻɱ˹ô
εʣҪɱȥ
վסʲôˣҵȵ
֮͵شһЦʦ֣ʦǰ̫ˣ㻹û
ԭǷ˽ˮ֮ԮʯԶɽɽһ˵ȡ
ڳּ͢Ԯɵþ񣬶־ƾ֡
һʯЦʦֵӵڹ֮ͬ£͡
λʿ֮٣̸м㣬͢Ϊλӷ͡÷Ǵ˵س֮͢ˣӦʾ
ʯЦҡͷȻ˵С椣ͦƯҲ˵ͦӿɲǻģ¸ǳ͢ûһëǮĹϵǸ缸Ҽ˵ᡭ
ʦ֡Ҷͷȣаһʦ顣ʦҪ֧֣͢˼Һò׵ݹ֦һˣСүΪ˾˷˶󾢣ô㾡˼Ͷɹô
һҵҲͷ۲ѣæ͵ôᣬһСʱżлԴ˵ûûأ
ʯ⣬һ㣬ȵô
ʦֵһݺʯһѣ͵ʾ졣
ŶʱЩʱ򣬸Ͻ֣ԽջǷԶɽһԽγ档
šʯһȣ˭Ͼ飿
˴ȻιʣʯˮƲһ˵Ҷ֮ǰ뷨ıϡ
÷ǴΪͬ˵ƻֵʵУòʦ֡
˵ӻóһƣ˵ֻҸȥˣʢ
͢վ
ߣǼ֮Ҳ죬±㽻𡭡
ְ
ֵܰϣ׻óȥ
ʯָһ˸֣佫װ붡ʢŷ˳С

ʮ֣͢϶бõĶȡ˼ĴˡҶ˶޻רҵ⣬ס˶䡣
ǣϡ
һȣ𣬳˴Хżսš
÷̱һϴϥãЯһϣ÷Ҫࡣ

һ̤뷿䣬½ܵؾ쵽Σ
Զ˵ĹԷȻֱƷ֮ʱű֣ɶԷʵҪ߳Լһء
ͬշһĴ磬Ŀ飬һ˫Цезۣһ飬˫ֺʲһ˿֮ﾡԻΪɳϢ½ˡ
ǿߡ
½һȣ˫Ŀⱬͬʱһ֣ݻ⣬ıһ˲ݺỮʮȵĽһɱͬˮĺ⣬ͻȻֵĴ
ͬʱһ߼ųа룬һקлӰѵĶڳȥ
Цݲ䣬˫ʢһ㣬ӡת˫ֻۣʳжָ򿪣Ĵָڿָϣһ߳ʡ
һһɹ棬½䶼ѵȻɻ֮ʧӰ޼
һл½Ĺ˫һǣһУѵ˶ڵĺٿȻһӱסԼ͵һקһ޿ɿܵĴϮƮȥдݣж룬һлӰ󱳣һȵߡ
Ťתһƣᡢѣǹǣ֮˲㱻ϣأһ޹Ĵʦ½ȻվһңңԿŶͻȻε
½һǰ룬ߵһ֡ռӡ֪ʦǲϴ¡Ĵ󻤷ߡеһλأ
ԲЦʼղ䣬·̻һ㣬˵ߵɣλʿ
½ȫܶԷѹüһʵԭǵɴʦʦڴУһ֮Ϊ£֪ڴ°ǰЭ黹δڣ̤ԭһʱЭ飬ǰĪҲѧСԭô
ߵ飬һһţеԣ½ʣȻһЦͣŽЦⰻȻֵͣøЦܴʦ֮Ԯʦ٣³ɱɲس֣ƫλڴ˶ԸаʦֶټӱҲòˡοڴ˵ؾ괫ԱѸɸ֣ʵǸԴడ
½ض˱Էݣʱһ
פر߾ڸִֽʤ볯͢ơ״̬İ˿УڵӰڰ˿п̽ʵڽֵľ飬ֻ벻Ȼڴ˵ݡ书֮ߵߵɣһʱɵôм֡
΢΢һЦ˵λʱ䣬˵ôãҵܵԶ˰ɡλԵʹ˻ʱȡλԹ˰ɡ
½ضɫһ벻뷨׿ƣԶԼǼţ˲ҵȳ֡

֮ϣϾˣ֣һСȴԼӵͷȣӰأХһĸߴͣһ˫ֱۺնرӰ͹ɹɶ硣
Ͼƴ֡ʩչȻûѦĹ񣬵Ȼûһ˶ɫƣסȫǰɾڶǻâһƬһ˶ѺͰ˱ͷӡ
ǹѵʮϬÿһȶаĸ徢ʹԷ¡Ӱ֮£ٶȾȣ׵ĵزǻӶҹɰļķ꣬һʱ̣֮͡ڶ
һİ˱ͷͬ׺˫ͬһ㣬ʽֱֱ۹ԷΪϬģÿһλӻ֮ʱܲĵ˫ʹУҹɽ¡ġӰۿյĦǵġ浶֮ͬ
Ͼġ֡Ǹ湦䣬ֻȻƵĴǰһɷλڲͣ裬ڵʵʵ˱ͷӼʽ׺һʱҲϾķֻҲѹȵϾ޷ֺ
ܲҽ˷Ͼ벻ԼȻѹڴˡ
ոյıըдңԼе˶ڵ¥ǰŮܰҲ÷̵ԣʱδ֪
Ͼдޣż𣬼һʱƬ̽ˣһݣñ˱ͷӵһǰһӣѪ֮£ȴ⡣
˫͵һһ£ʹ֡ԼľС̹족ȫٿȻӿ˫֣ʱûһ˫һȣ͵ѳֻɫһ˶ߵľ޴ƳΣȻѺͰ˱ͷӶˡ


190 Ӣҹ磨ʮ
Ͼ顾֡˲㹥ѺͰ˱ͷӵǰ˸εѣתȫֻֿɫֵĹһʱ䣬ذ屻ľۣѷǳ
ֻʵһ㣬ס˱ͷӶˣȻǰУϱֻƳ׵Ĺ֣ʿֹεһɳѪ˲мֱûϢȻһ
ϾС̹족δȫգ˫ƻӳ֮˴룬һĸоϮһڵϣۿֻֽѺͰ˱ͷӲˣһ죬˱ֺֻ֮УϢȫޡϾһȴɤһ۵һѪ
ĺ¸֣׼ʱһȭһļ֮£͵תϾ֪òɱеĺ֢һӡ
͵һȣ˶Ӱͷ£ȭӳ͵ϮĸֿѪ׵ۼ
һװ磬ͷٺһ֣˵ֵܸղίʵף۸ȻȻ
ϾҪлԷ֮û뵽Է˵ô֪ѺûƵĻһʱ񣬲֪ôػźá
ôһ˲䣬һ£кųɱһӪһҪƵɱ
ϾٿȻ⣬⣬ⲻҳ͢ص˾ɱôû⣬û⡭ûҼܰأܰû£
ϾͻȻľ˺ݺݾסһȫûͷȥһʣԼİŮ
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ţţá
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ãúãžͺáϾһоӿԼ壬СӣллЩʲô֡
껵һЦ˵ҽйСɣ߼ӡϴ˼ǵԺչ
Ͼһ㶣ֱ̹ӵĻȤЦһá͸ңһͬɱС
á
ƴǰɱȥǸ󺺣͵ػͷŭȵι˵ɵˣʲô߰ɱ
ϾһȫҪɱһʹ˫̵ĹСɣǲŵĿɱڵС

ųڵɱﲻֶ֪ôʹ죬ĶԼ׽ʲô۵أ
ʱȻǴѦͨĶڣӿʮ֣͢ɵһ૵֪Ѱ·
ۼԼĸڶԷͻȻ֮󣬴֮£˲أк֮࣬̾˿žžƣһ¥ٿȻ򿪣ɱ
һȺٵ׳䣬ĺɱͬɽ緢һ㣬ںƣֻһ棬ַ͢Ĺ˻ˣת˲ת
ġڳ֡
Щ䣬ȫǡ۷ˮƽеĸ֣Ҳѵˡ컯ȻƵȼߣս󣬶Ե֮ʱһ飬ǡ۷塱ǿߣڻսǣҲ˵ȫˡ
ЩֳֳìӵȳرĶΣѹ͢ĸ֣ȥĸ˲㱻Է÷飬ȴ˿ûܳԷĶ鵱ȥ
뱣Щʵģû뵽û뵽Ҷˡǳҵ֮ˣȥɡصһƣͷȥһĨˮĺ룬Цֹ

ٿȻ䣬һ졣
˫㶼һ㶣ֻ͢Ȼϲæӻͳ˶С
һ֮£һãҪ˺󣬵ڶ𡪡
̶һ̶ֱڣгĸ֣ɫΪ֮䣡
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͢׼öס˶䣬ֵħ㼸ʱĸ֣Ҳõ˳ֱ͢õĶܲһ˺
۳һλ֣Ϊû׼׷Ŷ䰧˲ʧȥսΪ׵ĸ

͢һЦźٴγ˶Է
Ҷһڱֲ֪ѰͣͭǮһһһһǧöǮǧ
ͭǮҶͲϵģ䣬ʱҶ˩֮ϣԶԶȥһĿ
ȫһƬɱ֮ΨҶգһߺСһѰ˼Σεع̶סͭǮͷ

һ
˶ָ״̬á
һ⿪ͭǮһˣ˩ϵͭǮҶͷ׹
Ҷ˫Ŀһ䣬ͬʱһȵָ֮ͨҪǧ
˫һһ£ʮָͬһʢ꼻Ҷָ+ָͨ
µͭǮҶʢǰ꼻֮Уݵһ£һĨƹ֣ͬӵһеġ
µͭǮٴͬһ䣬ٶȡػǹļǿ
ڵλãǳ֮ǰŵϯλҪȴطҪ̨߳ףҶͭǮǰĳֱ֣͢ӱɨ˶ԷĶ鵱С
Ŷ䡢¶ʹ֮ɫġУѪ̻ͬһ䡭ֻһ˲䣬ķһʮ̱㱻ɨѣȻǵڶš
˲ɵ㶼ǰһĻ𺳡
⻹ɱô
TMDɱ
Сʦ̫TMD
ʯҲûһԴ͵ҵˡ
ĪҰ롢ľܹЦþȫɵСһĳݡ
˵ȣҶ񣬾һֻޣ˵һ񡭡
һҶıǰһʵԵ͵ġЩҲòΣ׷׵Уֻһ֮䣬Ҷɱĳ㳬֮ǰַ͢ɱʱܺ͡
ա
Ҷ˷ܵͬըëĹһ㣬ǰġ𣬽һת׼˶ڴſڵĻƴɱĽʿȵTMDſ¡
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ͬģ쭷ɵѪʼһĻбЩſϣҶĹ
ҶЦͬʱȵʺ衪


191 Ӣҹ磨ʮߣ
÷̡езֶ޷תһ˴׵ĸҶȺɱܷͭǮ˴ķģһʻ
ʢɣ֮
Ҷһ˵ı飬Ÿһ̬ˣŶһʣĵȴŭɱɱɱĸԡ
һ䡰ʺ衪Ҷʵдա
ŭվɫʱһƬϺɫĻǰֵס÷̵ġȵС
ٲܱ򶨣÷̵ġǴΧɱŤתս֣ɱǸˡ
͵غڹһðͬڵһ㣬ŴĴ÷̳ȥԣޱȡ
Խʬ壬ִ͢´󺺹ȫἺɱеƴ
ƲͣһŤɽĹȫգ͢벻Էǿ˹ۿҪߴҪ鹥ƣۼͻԷһԴǴԼҲǶˡ
ֻ޴ޱȵץסԴһͷݣ
Цץ˵ʬҲɿڵĳƲԼֻǸֱΪָץһʬ壬ͬһ㣬תųȺסʬ壬תգʬڳгΪҵ飬ػֱ֮͢ɣɢѪб
ŵĳ·һħ˿ɵۿҪͻƳ͢һ˵ȵķߣֱ÷̣ڳ£һ߱ѵԶʱʬ壬͵صֱӱڳ۵Χƶ׼ؿڣ͵ػ
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һ죬һŵı飬͵ϮߺɣϻһȻûһй𣬵Ȼܵ˼ص𵴣ѪٳͬʱϵʬҲַɳ
͵ϮһֱŻлԪԣ֣ͬлԪԱȳʮ겻죬֪޷⣬ǽŻңʬ֮Уڱ׼ᣬһе֣ͬʱһ֮²ͣһƻʮɫӡһͬ棬һգ֮䣬лԪԻʮƣ޷֮
Ϊ˶ԸĴ򷨣лĳѧסơûʱô죿
лԪһ֣ҫ
ƴ;ףͬٶȲ죬ʽʱ䳤лԪԾȻץסпĻͬҲʹ޷ۼһбڱ㱻лԪʹȴֲá
ֻǳ񣬻ɢͬʱ׹һıעŲͣлԪԡ

ҶġҪǧȫϣֻɣһƤһ̱ڵϡ
÷ոͣЪֻһʱ˹࣬÷̱ͷĿѣԼ֣ԶЩ£ܵ𵴣ʱ޷˾ڹ͢ռ㹻ƣ𹥻ͬһƬƬĸʤƽų͢һб
ҶһͳоƬضתһ𣬡ҶСܺÿĹ򡭡
Ҷһ⣬ٺ٣ɲֹһô˵
һϢ׼뵽֮ʱҶͻȻеԶڴһ죬æʵʲôˣ
һú̿һԴӶڴ˳֣Сʦ壬ҡ
лӰ
ҶһѽлӰӶʵôһʦϣ
ȰѺǸ
ҶŷлӰ˩һӣһȴǳа롣
ǳɹҶϲʵ
˵ˣлӰŴ˵
ʲôҶԼԴ̫ʹΪˡ

÷Ҳѣʵʲô
лӰһָа룬˵С˵˶Ǵµĵӣ˺Щ֣¥ˡ
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лӰһָȫŽĴｻأԷ쾳ĸ֡
Ҷ÷̶һɲǵʧ񡭡
ԭǴµˣ뵽֮ǰͻȻȳĲصȷ֮żΪܵĹϵпǳǲˣֲɱ⾸ϳеȨָ֣ԭǲܵˣе֧֣ôάֲݵתء
ڴʱ棬һƬɱƺϽ˻ҵС

Ѧݶ֮ϣңң˫Ѳ°УȻʤδ֡
˶ĸ֣˫ƳֶԾǧУֳʤԽдţλִս켸ҹʤǶǳе顣
ƳУûԸһ
죬Ѧƴġ
ѦĿѣŰѿȵѣƥ򣬸ҵȥ·һȫ塭
ѸոһɱͷȻֳ˿˿գԼΪǰĸ֣޼ɣû뵽˻֮Ժκ޾ΣѦǰ֣ӲѹסԼ˰裬ʵڱ˿ѦвԼ֮༥ȫ壿ߣܻ뿪˵
Ѧңңһ۴еΣû뵽̾ȻδͷӵԺùôһЩ˿̿͢ɱһ׷ɱ棬иǿġ
ѦĦƣ۹˵ڼƾһΪУԲϷһܻ뿪ϳǡ
һ䣬Ѧȫ㣬֡âʢһǰӣȫѡ
Уײһ֮󣬱Զֺ֮ڶֵĶԾ֪ж˻ᱻǣȥʬ޴档Զ⴦սҲΪ˱˵Լˡ
û뵽ͻȻ֮䣬âʢӲѹŰɫȥţȻһɫתΪһƤһ㱻ɫҷɣȻҽ֮С
ѦƮȻڴ֮ϣűҵһƬǽ¥쳤ЦԼƴˣѻܣʱİѳ˰ɡͻȻЦȻֹǱٿȻ¥ͻȻâͻȻȻڴ֮ϣɫģͷڵֳΣǻۻ죬˷һͬ
ʦҮ
Ӵ
ֹͻͬһ㣬ÿ˶ǾһھһɱٿȻһգºȻ׷ֺˣվѦ
ͬһʱ䣬ԶһŻâ䣬һɫߣʩӭλ߷ݡ
лԪԡۡһѪԶĳɫ԰׵غ˵ġռӡû뵽㾹ȻǴļϸ


192 Ӣҹ磨ʮˣ
һӰ֮ϣֳΣа֮ƣΪ۷Ϊ
ϽĴɱ죬Ψ⡰ڣȴ˶ݵĺƽ
Ѧ˫âһ䣬Ŷüͷ˵ôı£ȻܴԶĽλµĻЧߺߣǲҪˡ
סڣѦ϶ʦ˵ģҲΪὡ׳֮Уò࣬ҲΪǿ׳̹¶ұ۵ұۼǿ׳üȿţȴСͬӤ϶͸ײеϢ
Ѧһߣδ𻰣мλӲƣһͬһģĴһа뿪ϵľŰͷƵѦʩˡ
Ѧ˵ŶҴˣˣ
￴ͬʱ̬ȴԵã΢΢һЦ˵ղλǶͣ߰ȣһλն͡˵ѦʩˣΪжǴʦּ⣬ǷҴެﲼɣ֮ʦܳݵ٣Դʦ޸ϵѦʩĵһ
ŶĪһ˲ֹһΣ
ڶһУλǰλ
λѦһ⼸λµĻ߾ʵϳʱλ죬һλ죬ǱλͬʱڳԼһֻлԪԺԼ֮Լ˱Է跨סʣµֱɱԼ£һ̣ûˡ
ɼ䣬Ҳ෽һҶ˴Ƶĵضشһ죬һŨ̳Ӱ˳һĴûعǰ˵ĸ֣ÿһƴӰڵѪԼǿܱԷ׷źɱȻǿĶ־ԷĹһһ⣬ֻǳԿ㣬Էú޻֮ۿڼ
쵰
һȴȺʯ𣬹׷ɱԼλʦֵܵĴĪҰϾڿոϣһͬϻǸĴ
ء
ʯȹһȭɱȴԷһǴӡ˻
ĪҰϣȭһɫž죬ǴԺһȭǱԷ䣬ȭϵġסȴöԷ֮³˸һ֮дȫ
ǰһ˫ɫľ˹һȻһߵڱһлˣڴӡԿϾġ֡ҲǲرƷʮ׵ľ룬Ż⡣
۷ĸ֣ŶԷ׷ɱˣȫŹأŷ½ͺ˾£ߵɵʵǺεǿɴ˿ɼһߡ
½ض˷һѣǵһѪɫ԰ͬˣϥ£˹ѹơ
ɷѾȫһƽ£ƽϢ֮ʣһٿȻתͷһͬͷһݺ֮ƽΣͷ͵˫һָΣɡռӡ͵һǣнʯʵʵĽɫֵ֣סƥһ
ӡ֮һġռӡϮȻģζ˽ͬʯһ֮ϣ֮꣬ڶ
˳һҲڴʱֳΣƹ۵ҵˡ
ƹڵӴСһ𳤴ʤֵܣʱʦֺʦܱ˴ˣҵǴŭǳͬʯķ¼ϣǴȺмӲ湥˵ɡ
߲㱻͵ϮɹɵбŭȵСΪĽƿڵϻ巨ӡô桪
ɴʱΪŭԷȻԼĽڵϹԼ˫ԼЩظؿڴʱԷɱڵ¡û뵽Էһ似Ȼ׼ԼĿյһϮʹԼãֻӲģα˼㡣
ǵλ߰ɣѦ˫һУǰͻȻֵСʮֺ棬˾Ȼ˶ӵľ£һۿԷĽڵ㣬ƣǳܼƹۣ˶ӡƾ롰ԪΪƿӡ֮һġռӡأ
ǰľ棬ѦܹƶԷĻӡ˸ǲһƿӡһЦſǸʶô֮˺ľ֮󱻵һ
ʦ֣ӡɱ
ȫ˶ҵһ˶ԷĻӡΨƹ۵ʯţԼĶʦһӡֵġ
ȻĵģҵԼ
ȻԷִټ仹ǷסԼĹƣԷ֮ǰڴ⣬ʯĪҰ롢Ͼ˿񹥣쾳ĸҲһ̣ӡͬʯһ¶һ˿ķ϶ҵ˱ǿʱ˿϶겻ѡ
֪СƾƿҵӡΡ
Էһĵɣ̣ŲѣͻȻ֮ŵЦȻֹһŵı飬ǰһǱʯٿȻֵѺۡ
⣬ⲻܡ
ԲܣռӡôܱƣôܱһָƵ
ҵĶųĽͷתĳڶԷĻ⣬ǣϵƲһ漴Ĳһ㡭
䣬ߵһУһֱβƵġռӡͬһȻѣڳ괩ֵһɲ͵תһѪ䣬ɱܿ˴ĵһ£ΪѪꡭ
ٿȻһҽУˣҵ˳һתִԷ࣬ͬӲƴ֮ʼնûܻתҵӲˣʱɱҪ˳ƵشܳĶ֮УӴܡ
ҵ˲׷һر˻صʦֵߣΪ令
һֵʯĹֱסҴֱҵһߵСۣŴһȻ
Ѧڵˣһʱ͹Ŀ࿴֮
߻볣ȭһһҪӳȭͷһ±ǽȭͷջȻſԴóȥҲˣԵΪģ֮󣬵;״̬Ҫ״̬ٴջصȭͷҪ֮ǰһ;ϣȻٽȥ
Ҷʱյ˿ڶԷӴȭͷûջ֮ʣѹŶԷʹֽ˫һӲƿ˶Է֣˶Էֻһ֣£Ϊ쾳統ĸ֡
ҵͻȻ˵ɣöĲ˴һ
С͵Ϯҵʦ֣ʦŶѪĴۡƢΪ𱬣һ֮в
ÿ϶ɱ֣ûһ˸׳֣Ϊʮ֮һѦȻܹȡʤġԼһڶ࣬Կ˲סѦʱ뷨ҲѶȸˡ
ֵɹУȻֻɱ˶ԷߣԿԼһһ㣬ҲͻȻΧĹޣ֮ʱץסˡ
Ѧʱһ̬Ȼ˵òҪȻϷƴˣеһλġ
ûѦͻȻһñ𶯣һʧִС˵
һͷһֻһŵлӰһһһ佫ϸһа롪
ֻʮλٽʱ·һ˪һ㣬ģվվȡ
а롪ŭڶӣ轫۰ģ벻һֱûĶӣȻԷץҲ֪ˣô̱
Щ쵰Ҷôˣ
ҶŵġʮɢȫʧްЩʱձûˡ
˵ģһֱĬҶʱͥŲػһЦ⣬˵ô󽫾̸̸ɡ
˵껰̱ĳаѦһƣЦˣ̸
Ŀ࿴лӰʦֵǱȥͬʱʵС˵аһĹˣˬ˰ɣڸоô
ԭ֮ǰҶ˫뽩̸֣еƣҶ˵ȰѸõĶ˵ֱתڤ񹦡ֳΣа˸׵ǵͣлӰ¡ޱǰңа롰ΪӲлӰ˰˸ޱмһ˷ѵˣһֱҶԼ澭ޱɹȫ˳аһɹ˱ˣȫԼ
ʱںɱٽһӣһĸӿ˽ͷıҶʦֳɺӦУǳֶ͢ʢŵĳ֣͢߻һı߾ٽӵεĽˮڣһϱһԴ師ĽΪͣҲǽˮΪС


193 Ӣҹ磨ʮţ
Ԯˡ
ڸֻȸԾ
ѦϾ˾㶼һڳڳ͢Ťתˡ
۳˶һӣȻûϵԷȻˡϽɱﵱУ˳͢Ȼб߾ϵͳĽ졣
ɫ࣬TMDҼǵͨЩ£ɱִɱЩôôûе֣
ǰ߾Уξϴһ֣˽һ嶪˹ǰȵ󽫾ĺģҪȡҵͷ­ҲҪЩ֣Щûõļһѵǿұ߾ɣ
ϴ󺣣ҧгݣŭȵİǡҼѦĹͣʶı£ߣ㣬벻ʼղΪãɱ㣬ͷ֮ޣ
ϴһЦޣҰģͼı죬ϴۣͬҲۣͬһϳб߾Ӫĵһˣһش󽫾ı𣡳󽫾ٸӷ
һͷ꣬һͷɹڳ£ȴǻУξ̩̩컢Ͻû뵽ժԴ
ġϽѾƣеͶ־ܵȴʱ
۴УƿڴҪԼӱ˼׽סҪɱȥ
Աϵ߰ס䣬ʩһ񣬵˵λȻ˾ƣҵʧһǣ˫ƽľ̸һ̸Σ
͢һŭ׷׺ﲻ֪߳ܡֻѦϾ鶼ĬȻ
Ȼ͢ռϷ磬Ҫ³ȴǲףԷּһӶݣʣµĻˣǲһܣ͢һδʵֹƾݵӰսҲ볯͢ҪƽȽݵĿıۣҲпܳô˽ݣ˶ϣĽ
Ȼˣ̸̸Ѧüһ˵ΧֿʿֿеͶɡ

ʸެʱͣЭһٿЩѾҶûʲôϵˡ
Ҷ뽭ˮֵȻһϲͬʱҲΪλʦֵˣŭѡ
ĻҲΧƹߣеҩĶ˳Ҫûظ˹ȥȴҶ
Ҷͨ᪻ƣһ֮̽һ˵ȶˣ޴󰭣ֻദˣҪ׽
Ҷѡ˼ҩ˷£̲ǲѪҩƷȫ˻أʱЩ׳ѪĲҩ֤ѪŪñҵ
ҶĵҲʮֵĸˡʦֺʦһֽսҲöپ飬ֻ⡰ƶҲǡ̫Ԫ񹦡ЧڣÿһˣʹྭһδΪ͡
λʦִѲкŶ
ʯЦ˵ƹֻԼһ׵Цӣ㶼ǿĲѡ
ҶĻʩָĪҰ롢Ц˼䣬õеĸһ첲ЩˣҶҲ򵥵ظһ£û˵Ҳһ
ָľܵһһӵڿ˶ܽˮһױŮȻĿ꣬ҶչһЦХű˹ȥ

һ࣬лԪһؿԼǰƤЦĶӣһϮͷ
ڼУȴ͵͵ܵˡСӲҪˣ
ٺ٣ʦ岮չңҰȫúϡ
ʦ岮лԪһ㶣̶ŭûҵô˽԰ʦҪ֪ҿҪ͵ԺȥģҰݵʲôɣ
ƹ۰ʦģǸղһǴ첲ϵǸСӡ
лԪٿȻһԺǿɴصһһ¼ԼҲ׷סģǱǴһĶס㣬ԼǴﻹҪãʱϵľͲһ첲ôˡ
ԭлԪԻͷŲԶҵһˣЦŭ֣ǸԼһЩԨԴҶ²ɵðԵͷ
Ⱥˣɲ󣬵ʲףպǼ֮ҶĸԸ£ҲһԵ뼰֮ǰԼŶӵԺѧٰܾû뵽⼸յı仯֮󣬶ӾȻԼѡԼĵ·һǰ;
㿴ҽ㳤ûлӰ׳ĬвɵԼòҵϲɣϲһȺˣɲϵϻඣʹԼĹֶΣתϸע
лԪԶؿԼĶӣһֱԼĲѵħͻȻŴˣһĵһЦСθɵò
ߵлӰǰ˫סӵļЩ˵ɵúãӳˣҺοûãίˡ
лӰҲЩᣬҡҡͷʾûί
лԪչһЦչ͵͵ʵûΪҲС˵ţ
лӰȻ˵ͷֹţҲȶĹϡ
лԪ볤ЦνҶڸΪ˿ڶο
ٺ٣иĵء״ûοͿģȻԼЦлӰæױƵ֣ʦҵƷƷ
лԪһɻ󣬿˿æһ̽壬һǵ˵ʲôÿģĪŪЩϡŹֵĶ㣿ҡףȥ
ֻһ̽лӰŵġޱһлӰ˵϶ӯӯȡ
ǾȻϺķΪ¡ޱ̫˼ˡлԪ𾪵ɫԼӣʮߣ߰㣬ԼһֱΪⱲһ;ϾǷˣû뵽ȻΪһӵܺķԪ¡ޱǶͬĴ°
үӣٺ٣˵̫ˣϸ̽̽лӰ߶߶˵
ףжѵԼŪˣлԪٴ̽塭
ûǡޱ˾ֻҪͬǵֵġ깦ˣ߻УڶУĸ
лԪԼԼĴڷ̽Ѱ֮ھԼӵڱ˸ޱ̺ĺֵʮлӰһӴھ컯пǡ컯۷塣
Ǹʱ򣬰ҲǶʮͷͣʱﻹ˵竣ֱš
лԪԼԸӣ޴룬лҺˡ
һץסлӰֱۣлԪžƹһ˵ȵĵطȥߣΪúлʦţúðлʦ


194 Ӣҹ磨ʮ
ζܻȱȻҵǰ;ǰ
Ҷɵ˵ϣ뽭ˮ
Ƶһɴ˺ʩһԣֵ֪ܶ˻صĻҪ̸֪ɢ˿
ˮһЦ˵˵ﻰҪǷԶɽӳ˵뷨Ҳôϡ
Ҷϲλܵļһβܳ͢ެʲôԼһʤߡ
һɽôЩѣ˸εյֵܣֲСطһСƣѧ磬ӡһ·ˡһµʱڣ߹˱˲ʮʱ䣬Щ֣ͨĸʮͣշĳа룬ˡҲǶʮġͣԼ񻹲ʮ꣬Ѿеˡ
ȻǷԽջԽ󰡡
뼰֮ǰԼһǿԪΪʱ䣬˵йǿѹнȵͼҶԼǻȥˡޡҪûʱĴĥԼҲסôʱڵı仯
Զ͢һЩﴽǹսҶ֪Լһжøһˣ̾һ˵ռˣǻȥϢƬˡ
ŶôΪռʲôôˮգգ۾ҶЦҿΪ׼һء
Ŷ񡭡Ҷ˷ܵʵԼܿɲῪʲôЦǴҶ۷Ź⣬Ȥ

͢ެ̸֮뽩֣˫ץԼƣ˭Ҳá
̸Ѧ뵽ϤлԪԣ˽ƹ˱ллԪԣ˹Դެ̸С
лԪԳڲ񣬿ڲżѣ̸Ҳ֣лԪԵļ룬̸͢еľҲԼб
͢ץס˳а룬Ϊܺõĳ룬ȴһֲ飬ֱӴڵһһŮʱлԪԾͲΪһһŮԼ޺ʹлӻ̬ƣۣûܵκε˺лԪԱߵ΢һЩ
ԭͷлԪԣһ鵽͵͵һ޶˰·ɱֱӽ˻˫öΪ룬̸֮ǰ㽫ʻ˹
лԪԱϾǳ͢£òչοҾֳպطҪλ֪ҪӣȻݱüΪҪ͢òΪ佻ȶ½˼
޴󰭣ֻһգδֻҪعԭʵⲻ
Ȼްֵգճֶ͢κлԪԵ˵ıѣҪļλߡެʮİţδȫȫΪ⼸˼ʲô֮Э׳֣ǵõ򲻵ѵ£ڳڽ׶ûһټУ۵ðˣ˿Ѧڴڱ⼸Ĺִ¡治״ΪʲôôشʦЩµȫյ£ڴˡ
ʳݰ˿ЧСжʮͽʽδ̫Ǵ˴ξ³ɹ֮һ£ǧ˶ڵͽǺεȵʹ졣
ڣެļƻһֻʣݰ˿ЩµĴڣڵӰȫޣԼʮĸˮ֮࣬ɵԹЩȫֵĴɮˡ
λȥҪжʧܵξЩµϣЩͣܽѹǣΪҴެȡȨҲʮˡ
ެȨȨأΪĹµڽɼȶֺǶŵһΪ˹ȡūغͲƸҲΪڽ̶ȥҪͽ˫Ϊʤ϶ԷȣĬʮ㡣Ϊ˱ʾ֧жĶӳа룬ںСʱ򣬱նΪʦնΪаඥ߷ţ˫νΪι̡
˴ôҪжȻʧܣ˫˭ΣΨһԺĵطҲʼѺۡ
ʧܸգļֵʱΪެȡ棬Żȥ֮ԼΣڴĴ
ϤĳĲɣެ̸˱лԪ׷ʹλϰΪ̸֣ϳлԪԵĶ֣жףϲ˿ެֻôųһңֻعެ
лԪƾԼĲŸɣѪеģΪ͢һǴ󹦡

Ӧû뵽ﾹȻ˴µǡĴ󻤷ߡ٣¡Ĵɮͬȼ
Ӧ治ҵ볯͢˵У⼲С
ûôΣˣͨͶֻǵص㻹кɱҲٸı߾ͳָ͢ɾ
£ҲǡСĵϵǻҲǻ񣬸췴ѾＫޣ֪Ȼϸ֮ȫܲ飬϶еͶϳǴѶڳֻ͢ڸĴެ̸жԳ˵Ĵ⡣
վѾ˳͢УӦ뵽ּ⣬ʹ÷ɸ봫顣վеŸ룬ֻһʱ䣬λݵĴ±ԺܵϢڼʱӦ
ԼʮǰµȻԽެ̨ܽɽ۷·ʦ´ʦƴһָ֮СʤԷһ˫Լܽڲ뻪һԼнʮ̤꣬ݵؽ磬Ӱв֣òֻᱬ˫֮ĴսǻǸ
̷Խ̡̺ܽ
Խ̴ҪΪڣڡ̨ڡں;ڣܽǡһҶ׻ƻڡ
ĲͬԽ̴𷨡κ˶ѧϰ𷨣ͨУ˵
ܽҪʦûеõʦĹඥ㲻ܷΪûдмӳ˵ڰޣһ䷨ЧͬǷҮġ
Խ̸ɮģҲҪɮ٣
ܽԲŶ֮Ӧɼɷ
̳أɱ
ܽ粻ɣ伴ɽѡ
˵ˣԽ̷ֺãעԵ޳̸֣ܽעظ˵УΪҹԺǿ
ڷ޳ָֻֻ֮ҵ𣬼ɷΪĶ฻Թѧͽƣ෴ͽĶ࣬ΪǼŷ˴ֻɽѣֽ䣬Ҳɳɷ𣬶ԽĿ࣬׷Ȼ˷Ϊۼ£֮ͶҲʹôެܽʢ֮أ˵ġƽȡʵūƶȣض׸ū硣
ԡ̵֮ѾãʿӼͥӼˣ񣬸ܽܺ𷨡ѭƵԽ̣޷ֻ˵̡ܽ
ܽʦ^涫̣ʮδдɹ֮򶫶ȥɣŵõ㷺¶ڡ
Խ̴ˣ̲ܽˣ֮ܽ˶ΪԽڴԼУôûҪɷأܽʦԳԽ̸ɮԽ֮Ҳǧʱˡ
Ҷ޷𷨣ʵں̫ϤֻǴΪϿֻ֣ܾ֮˽֮Ż̷ܽжӣһֻԼˣˣԼǼɷ𡭡˽׷Ч֮ˣôȥ޳̷ܽأ
ӦҴҶߣû뵽յϽſڣ˳ܳҶˡ
ҶʩηӦ˫ֺʲʩʵ
ٺ٣ӦʦҪȥõط¶͸ҵСʦɫҴң֪ν£
Ӧ΢̾һ˵˵Լٴһ˵𣬾Ȼϲ˿˵ӣӦΪ޺֮һ⣬ƶɮվϣܽϢݻش£ʣг϶ᣬӦڴ˵أල¶򡣡
Ҷһϲ˿ɫһæ˵˱㲻Ŵʦгˣʦģκζƹ֪Ըⶦ
Ҷһϯ˵ƹʱԸ½ˣͬԸ£ȻӴ󣬵ݱܹ˼ĵطƹ۵Ȼá
ӦһʱϲǧлҶĿʩ󣬱վ
ӦıӰҶȻһЦ
ֻΪԼ֣֪ƹҪϲ˿ضɽͥ϶ͽһ˴µ֧֣ʤʴ


195 ս
ϲ
Ա߶ܽˮ̾λּı¡
ҶЦȥ
һξϳ֮УҶⲿĹϣʵϢ
һѦΪ׵ĳ͢˳Եõ͢պ֧ƹ۶ɽͥŵҲõݱ֤ƹ۰ȫԣȻֹ͢سе֣ʵЭͶЩѹȻڵģ붯ƹ۵Ҫֶ͢Σ
лԪԶлӰʦţõлԪΪ׵ݵ֧֣ĪҰ˽ãдţڶʿĺøУƹ۵õ֧֣ڽ
˴Ҳл½ˣݰ˿ƹҪɽͥмٴǽ֣ǰ񲢲£ܹ½ˣȴϲһܹƹ½ƹ۶ԿŴµͷ
ⶼ֮ѵõĻᣬȴҶƼʻ֮䣬׻á
սѵ֣꣬ȷʵܿɹ󰡡
Ҷ̾һ֪ܵؽõĳ㡣
Ϊ֪ƹܷתأȫЩһսϵı
ܡҶ¶ˮ֪ϣƭ˱ˣռ˵ıˣʦͼλʦֵ֣ܣҲƭ˵ġ
磬˵ɡˮ˴üĺ룬ÿСϰߣתԼСԴϡ
ҶĬƬ̧̣ͷɫص˵ʵʵ˵λصƹ֮ҪΣճ󣬿ܱξϳǵҪգǸһȥһԸô
ˮҲ룬ᶨĻشˮĶ飬ͬ죬˵ȴˮҲǡ
ܣ粻Ҫ㱨ҵĶ飬Ҫĵ뷨ҪҸĶ飬סٴĶ飬ҲֵΪȥֻʵĸܣ֪ʵ뷨ҪԹ˼롭
ˮƺһۣȻ˲ƶƾԼϲô˽˼ȥжϣˮһʱЩңϾһǵֻ꣬Ƭ̣Լҵ˴𰸣ȻЦ˵磬ҾˣȻ㡭
ҶЦЦʵΪʲô
Ϊܴ̼ҿԻúܶĺôˮ´ȣ˷ܵ˵ȻκҵĲȻһΪ֣֮ҿԿ˶֪ҽˮʱҪ̽£Ǻεȿգ
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֮ʱȻȫ֮ռֳҲȻԹͨڳ˵ĲΡΪ֣֮ٳ١
ԭңӲؿһİԹν֮ҡǰ裬һҷν֮ҡǹ̡ǡ硢ңӶңΪ١
ԴӴű٣ҶÿһϾһľȻƽͣ棬ö֮ʦҵ˺ʦֺ񣬽ϲСʦһ͵øУֶܾΪ
ǰܽˮ֮£ҴѰƹУס¾Ͳˣϼسǵ񣬾Խƶˡ
ϵƸɾʮ㣬˽ǽˮСĸ֮½ǣˮҲǷĵĺܡ
λٴӵܣ
ˮһǻظʵĲζȻ˵಻٣١
Ҷ̾٣ܲˣ󣬼ƽӹ֮ҲﵽǿԪˮƽɡ
ˮȻһЦ˵Ǵʧˡ
ʧߣҶʵ
ˮһЦ˵Ҵĵӣƽʮˡ꣬ˡǿԪΪҸѵţЩӣ˴ʦѧĽҪǴﵽΪˡ
ϢҵҲǳһıԶǣôһУֻƹƻһ㡣ֻôһ˵ĵǱƹеĵӣ绹ҪһЩô
ʱٴǿ˵ǵѧҵˡ


002 ѧ
ҶһԵİɫ鲼΢Цá١
ԼСڤ񹦡͡ޱΪֶΣľϲأĿѾЩײˣԶһĺ֡
СʦܵԡԪơڡԪѧЩ˼⹦ڹվ̻ʮ꣬пܴﵽ۷״̬죬ȴҪϼѡ
Ҷһ裬һ̾һ˵ǰʦֵܲҪѧԺô׹ΪԺдڵĿγ̣ͨһ۷ѧҪ죬ѧѧͲôõֵˡ
񻺲ὫдšԪԪѧؼϣ˵ΪѧԺеĻѧҲʺϡΪķڹҡȫķļװ汾ɽķƵҲͬͬԴڹн棬ϰšԪơҲǡСʦ˵ѧĪСʦܻߵȵڹķô
˻һҲ˽ˮҵ˵ע
ҵĨԼƲСӣʧЦ˵СʦŹֲţа취Ūõѧ˵б⡾ԪҪѧһ㶼֡
ҵһϯĶ๲
ҶһЦһٰȡһ֮ķʯ֮ϣһ˿¶¡
һۣһﾹһѵ鼮һȻѧؼ෱࣬һٶ౾ЩҶǰǰռĽѧңȼ̼ϣڼ仹ʮѧ㶼ƽҶϰ鷨ʱĳɹÿּС
ǡ˸ţȴδֳ༶ѧɵЩ֡ôؼûбҪѧϰã
Ҷ˵˵ʦҪһ󡯣ЩȤʦΪղ˰ɡ
ɵһ֣˺顢䣬ѧ伮ղأﵽ˳Եĳ̶ȣʦֳΪҶѰĴ󲿷ؼǺռģҶ֮󣬱һλᣬȥʦֵסһţֵõİٵļܵ㡣
Ҷ경롰ǿԪ֮ʱˡ̼ѧĶһƣԲѧᡱһһȼѧ
ҶˡǿԪ͡컯ѧȼƣδˡ̼͡༶ƣ񣬡ǴˡƼѧơ
Ǹʲôأ
ϣҶһʮͬȸ߶ȵѧֻҪܵԵõˡ
Դӵõˡڤ񹦡һжڼٵ
񹦣Ǹѧңǡŋ翸ϵͳҡȼҶѸٴ˽ӹѧеĸ߼ѧ룬˵ѧǰްʦŵʵ˶õ
Ҷóһٶ౾ͼѧֻ֮óѧֱŻơȡɫϡ
ˮҵˣԳһ֣
ҵõһɫƤ鼮һҶָδһһָѧȼǡ
Ƽѧ
ҵ˴һʱŵƤǻɫģѵƤɫѧĵȼô
ҵﻩطš
Ƽѧơ
Ƽѧָȼľ
Ƽѧ˲Ϣǧ

ȻȻֻҪǻɫƤǾǻɫѧ
ҵǰһһɫѧҪȴһͬĺȶ˹ȥҵ˲佩
֡ǰʮʽⲻѦүӸĹôҲóñѧϰ
ͷһѵ⣬۾ȴǲ̧ģһֻһ̨۾ⱾؼͻٿȻ
ҶЦŴͷӿǴͬһ׺켶ѧûԼŵҲǽ͢й֮ʿⷭģȻˣֺαϧһȱȭءʦѡãʦϲֶԵУҾžʦֵص㣬βûȥ棿
ɶ棿ŭֱǶ־ѧĴ󲻾쵰һһ߰ؼ˻̾һҶһգ۾ٺ٣Сʦܣл

Ӱһʧ
ҵ˽Ӳڻ˻һƲɤˣåTMD춯ءҵĺ켶ѧ
Ҷһ֣˵𼱰ʦ֣滹һء
ţ
켶ѧ
ҵ۾һһ½ŵɢ蹷ʳһһٷңһĶĽˮһ

һЦҵ˹Ȼҵ˵ڶĺ켶ѧʶܶĦڭǾ
ףʲôѧҵЦϣʵڵѧ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ھѧǷӴ½ϵķӽ̴У˵ڷӴ½϶Ѿʧˡ
ôʲôʽƷǽҵ˱ƵĦؼķƤ
Ȿ似ؼʵķţ˵۶⣬ʶʶΪʦʶ;ˣڹǾѧҲǷɢע׷󡭡
ʦǿԼԼģϰЩ˵ѧӰ˼·Ȿѧȴ·ߣʣ˱øʦֵĽƵø΢ϸ£ڽϵ׷󣬾Ǽ
ҵƵƵͷǼ͵תߣ߱˵СʦܣⱾʦ氡ס˾ͻ㡭
ιʦ֣סˣֻʶʶɣϰһʶʱð
֪
ޡ
ټԺӣֻʣҶ뽭ˮֵܶˡ
Ҷ̾˿˵˵һ֪ռұˣлֶᡭ
һκָýζĽˮԲɵһЦ鱾һߵҶȡЦ״ЩëˡĴһָЦӸϣͶë
Ҷٴγ̾һڣԹЩϰڱϣ֪Ƕôĳ죬ȴ˶Դв֪Ƕôİ̵ļ̵֣Ρ
βðռ˱ˣ
Ҷһ˫۾˳ģȻβôóˣռ˱ôóɪɪ٣Ҷһ̯֣Ǽɵ򰡡
Ҷ˵˵ţûڵһţˣүǴУʩ¡
ۡ
һȣǡһȴѽˮĲŵ˵ϣˤ˸顣
ҶˮĳۣȵߵС˵ǣƨҹɡ
һ䣬⡢ǽͷϣðһһСԴ

Ҷٴαȡ
Сʦ塪һСȡ˽İС񡭡
ˡ


003 ̺
ˮŴͣȵؿһƤһСᱼŵضͬһֻŵķĸһ㣬Ҷͷ

һţ˱Ҷһ߷ɣƤˣҽȺ֮ʱһظһĴٿȻ֣һȭֽǵùմɣ˿˶ԷĲҽӯس˹ͬţСʦ壬롭
ֻ䣬ֵһųСĹѾͷһŲǴӵϣĻ˻ȥ𣬴ȵؼǹ̵ģĸ
СѾͷ۷Ź⣬ڿն䲻ǴһקסȽţӿָק˻ˣҾ͸ҡѽҧˣ
ӱصСѾͷһҧֱϣӳʹȥͳСѾͷıӡ
۸áһüĿСʿȥӣ
ͬţҪְһİС۾ϿŸ۾һСʿƴҪֿŤһŵˣ
һݵøһСʿشԱҪƹŸ۾ǸСʿ˹˻ʦܣһѣô߰
һ仰һСʿȫͣǸݺҲͣȻͷ
˴һĵʿȫȥ˲ݺһСʿڵأССĳѾȥ
ĺӣ֪ˣۣүүˣˣ
̵ıҲռ㣬Ҳȡ
Բ𰡺ӣȻûеңˣȻòڵңҲãҾ͵ˣΪҵİȫ̰

ԭֻǸղŻƴֿ˵ǸŸ۾Сʿ˲ͷĴ󺹣һεı顭
ſڻһӵСʿһᣬһϵСʿΪעĿܵԼĿ⣬ԼһƳеĺɷýˮ˸ɱص˰
ˮеȦЩʲô˰
Ҷ۾ϵֱģҧгݵ˵ӣ̫TMDĿˡ
ܾۼȺԽԽ࣬㶼ЦָŴһŵļСʿ
Ҷû㶼Խ˵Խ˵ЦԽûأм˻ֽк
ɫҶܲסŭȵTMDͣ¡
ȫٿȻһżۣ룬ҶһףȵСʦ塪
ˮʱŻȻԭЩССʮ˵ĵʿȻҶֶʮߡˣСʮһͷһˣֵܶ˵Ҫ󣬵Ϲ֮ʱһ˵ȻƽＫΪλСʦ塣
Ҷŭ䲻ָͷ㣬̾Ⱥģǲ֪ʦżٵΣ𣿡
ţʲô˼
ãȻӣʦΣ˵һЩʲôϵ
Ҷض㣬ʹļףTMDһֶƵأҪˣмţǸҵšҶ˦ȥ
˸ӲԣСʦ屩ŭ㶼ȥ
ˮҲǲԣϣµƹ۵ָָ㣬ڡ
һᣬҶڴҴҶأ߸һãȻһ񽣡
Ҷӹһ񽣣ǳ˵㣬Ҳҹȥ
ȺҶȵTMDҼסඣʱһʱվʮˣʦдĺô
˵ҲϻְȺһӣȵӽ
䡪
ƿɽȶ磬СԺʱҵͬǽ˼ѡ
ˮĿɿڴƹ۴ϵ£ûһġ
Ҷ̵˹ӣС裬ˮԽеתʵ磬⡭
ʲô⡭ҶһɣѽˮĻ˻ȥŵݹһѹӣЦ˵õЩӣܵˣձԺǿྐྵӣϷ
ҶȻų˵ıȶȴβԵָеĽܳӵܡ
Ҫ˵ϵ׽Լߵ߸С㣬ҲƹСһˣСչ¶ɽµġԺУʦһڹڸ㲻ڵӡ
ʱ䣬СѾɱ䣬½½øʮ꣬ФƷ塢¡ƴϡǮءʮˣÿ˵Ѿ˹̶ɫʡ
½ΪӢ꣬ĵǴ΢΢Ц⡣Сѧ죬ãṦڹǲƽǸۺ˲ţ
ФƷ壬˧磬ͣϵݣɱʮ㡣ϵΪ䵭ϲ˽޼ˣûѡ˽Ծˣɽʹ磬ûܽסȫ
£ߴ͵һͷۣףظǲʶˣԻ˶ԴΨлʱʱ¶ͯ档أѡѾǵԲڴ֮Ĺ
ƴϣŮӣҲΪСʱĽӴҲ˿ûиıԸСһʱл˵Ц֮ˣȫƺ«䲻Ůˣ⣩һҲ˵ڡСԸߡԺãǿͳΪˣھȻˡǿԪ죻
Ǯأһ̰ԣЩļĥȻûһ⣬ʳøãܳԣֹߺͶߣÿ˵ĹϵΪҪã˵ĿĹЦԴȪһȴṦмõԣƹֱۣĶӣûṦزģ
ȡ֮⣬ȴûݵùʣ¹ͷˣȴΪݹ᾵֮£һֽһȻ޶⣬ȴг֮ĵһˣҲϰгɣոյ˵ؾ磬ڹ£ˣ
½棬Ṧڶˣ˳ˣøƯ֮⣬ƢȴҲøˡʦֵܶĳйءϾ߸СУֻôһŮӣȻԸһ㣬ȴܾС簮Сð졣
űµСѾͷƬӣѾһСˣ̳ʦòټΪ£겻ĵĳСʹֵľֹ˼ֽһǸϲֶ֮СħŮ
˵ʵ߸㶼Ϻòϡ۸ǣµһФƷ֮ԣФƷ塢ƴϲٲ˼ɣǮǵƭӵĲϣ½½öˣϣˡ
˱仯Ĵ˵ȣЩʱǲ飬˳ٻӦߣͻȻʹĸСУܼؿ˷Ӧ
֣ƱСЩûŰ
ף
εûǸСӹ
ҶЩڵһϤòˣʱǱȶҲǿЩûиϰѣһԵĽˮȴ濴ЩСʿ䣬ˮ͸ǲ࣬ȴǸ߳һأֶҲǼٵģûûῴʲôʵı䣬ֻΪСӴܣû뵽濴಻֮ͬ
Ǹ֮ǰ߷ɵǸӣṦǸշתŲзȣΧ׼©ٿȻ۵ǰһй۳ɰܣתߣˮ
Ǹӣˣޣ˶ǶߣۼĹȻֲ˿ˣƹƹҵĻŹܻͬಫԲڣ˸ҿ˶ԶԶģ
Ǹ꣬Ⱥ񽣲දʲôõʲôʽܿƶԷеһжҪɱ˲ڶһ㵹һƬͬţ
дŸ۾Сӣƽƽ񽣻Է죬֮ˣһ֮е񽣲Ƕۣ֣СҲ׷ɱֻŽŵػ˼Ǹûþû˸ȥˣ
һòƽСʿȴ˫һһ̵ѳֳʽƽֽڷֳ֮ʱֵ֣㽫̷ִΪϬ
иСʿˣ񽣻ܲ͸磬ǰҲ֣ͣعȻгȻƳӲĵöֹƣձȡʤ
С
ֻʮСʿ֮УģĽֱռߡ˳ɣκһóȥǽĺ֣ǷȱֻǾͻѾ񣬵ڽǺö̫ɵĵӣǱʮ㡣
Ǵڵô֮ͬ䶷úװʲôУȫأһǺˣǱ߾Ȼװ͵Ϯģɳӵġ
ʽҲһ۾ĭͿɵġ
ˮϵĺҲ৵
ˣҪǽ˽ķ˰


004 ɽ󽣾
һʱСԺڵⳡȶ㳾䶨
ʮʤӰȻվǰܵĵһףȻվӲľͷҲýˮȻľ
Ҷվ˱ǰ˫ȻȵЩСӣȥҺúٸҶۣҪôݣԺôҴô򣿡
ҶϣеͷҲ˴Ϊ࡭
Сʦ壬Ҳ
һһȭۣۿСʿԽڶȴ棬СʿһȵҸսǮСͻȻ͵ϮԶһʤ֮䡭
ܡ
˴塭
Ҷһѹ˻ֹ
ҶЦСƤ֪˵бҪʵսʵб͵Ϯ˼лǲ̫ˣ˵ɣôġ
ԪһƤЦ˵ΰɣȷʵˣСʦ壬ûУǺôʮȻø´£ǻʤȻѭȥԽԽԽԽ죬ȫû˰ⲻƽ
Ԫ⻰һ˵ֳһƬ֮
ҶȻ򣬵ȷһĸôһС˵õˣ֮Ĳֻ࣬ԽԽҲӰŽᡣ
Ҷһϸ룬б⣬Цһȵð졭֮һʦ飬۽ƶȣÿӰĲͬòֵͬĹ׷Դ˿ԶһҩѧȵȺôı䣬ҲճѵҲһЩרĵӣһýͬʱƽͻѸٵĵӣڵʦҲӦֻ֮ҪŬŬŬΪʦףһһõӦĺôʳԡ
á
ڵӻȸԾ
ҶΪһӵʣ뵽֮ʱĸֽƶȣѧѧƺ͹˾еĸֽƶȣиϷС˵ᵽļƣ֮ȷʵʩؼڵӵ飬ɵԼѧԺʢֽƣ½Ӱ켫㡣
ѧۼΪѧԺԼֽƵʵʩѸĸԴ½ѧٴβʢԴȪ
ҶȻ֪ԼѪһ뷨պõôƳ硣ʱֻβܸ㶨СӣúǳɲģȻպɱȡþԵʤ
ŪЩʧܵĵ֮Ҷͬһ㣬һǰųһŵʮˣе߸Լߵ׽ĵӣڣҲһͬסСԺС
ʮϣĵСҶһЦƳǰ
Ƴ磬ʦ½״ӣҲǵеϯӣģԸϽдʦֲЦķɣΪȴȴʦԲĶ࣬͸պöʮ꣬ڵӻûȻһϴƢԸĮФƷṧسһʦ֡
ԸͣʦصƣǴʦֿصĵӡ
ҶԼһͷʹʦֶ˵ƳʦֶĪ˵Сʦϣٺ٣ҿĽԣʺֺĽԷΪĥ˵־̵ķƴĵԷʩȡʤղõģóġ˽ɣ
ʦ壬ǡ˽
ã˽ղʹѾԴеĽˡ
Ҳһͬˣɡ˽ݡ׾ݱʮԶ׾Ǭ롢ޡ㡢ҰԣǬΪ죬ΪأΪˮΪΪףΪɽΪ磬Ϊ֮Ӧ˽ֳơ졢ءˮ𡢷硢סɽ󡯰˽˽ÿа˸ƣʮʽÿƻа˸仯һʮС
ֽѭر仯ںɫԽ䣬ԺأˮңѸԱѣɽԼ̣Գݡ
ƹۿҵĽеİ壬ЧȻ۲ȻȻ׵İ취ҲҪԸ֣ͱǴʦƳ磬ԸͲΣ̿ͣ˳ܣԸʵá˽Сɽ·ĽԣƳ磬·ΪңҲΪףͬʹҲΪ˳ְɣ
ƳСʦķͶأ˵Сʦ壬ȷʵˣһΪԼԲѧǼ·أֽ֮ϣÿһõʱ䶼ǡɽʱ䣬ǲ⣬ѧͨѧ͸
Ҷţ̾ϢشԸ񱾾ڷأǿԼȥѧϰ·ֻԸͻ±롣ڣӦרڡɽרУ۷壬·һȺۡý
Ƴ罫񽣹ϣҶһڿգҶ·裬һУΪ֮һ䣬ѹ˼᲻ɴ֮ӡͬʱȵ˽ɽ־
ɽ룬߲ʣ᲻ɴݣɽĹȣ͵֣Ծ
Ҷһ轣һԵɽߣֹҲҲҲɽޣ˼λûǱ£ͱóȻԼ֮¡ءɽֹɽƵᡣɽ־Ϊ֮롮ء־Ԣزͬɽ־ȫƣӱԻɽȽƣõ˲֪
Žһ䣬Ƴ罺ᣬճճ𤣬ͣ಻ϡǡ־
ҶͬʱԵߣڸգ˵꣬˳죬ӦˡƵ£ˮˮΪڸգΪݣѡΪճΪһұŲţУвջأûһСͬʱҪýԷ֮֮ˮΪУ֮ΪãΪɡ
˿ᣬ佣ҪּһһС
Ƴ磬ͶŽᣬʱСʦָԽ򣬸˷ܵ㵸һһʽʡ佣У졢ءˡߺһͨľֵĴš
Ҷֽһ飬Ƴ磬ʵɶô
Ƴ缤֣һͷָм;شʦֶˣлСʦԽƳл
˵ţϥأˣͷԼĸж
Сʦһϯָ˽ǵƳĳģҵԼĽ֮;ֻҪ򣬽ľȻ˸Ȼеġɽ֮պͻ죬ࡣ
ҶͷЦˣɡԼһһԼĽɡԶǵĺôûء
Ƴϲ벻кôŸж飬ԱȥȱȻҶոմڵĽ顭


005 ˫֮
ӼƳõСʦָ㣬ʵǰ;һƬһʱж޿
ҶƳ磬תһϣ֮ɫˣ΢΢һЦ˵һˡ
۹һɨƽ½ƶһһ񽣣ɵùһЦ߹ȵ˵ƶһ²о˫֮
½ƶ˷ܵص˵ͷʩ˵лСʦָ֮Сʦɽ֮ǰĻƶи򣬻ȥһԣȻΪ仯ˣǰҶˮƽڿԽǰʮˣСʦָԽ򣬶лСʦ塭
Ҷ΢Цһߵͷһ߳ޣȵԷ˷ܵ˵˵Ļż˵˫˽Ʊȳ˶һĹʵ˵Ҫߣתв˳Ŵ󿪣˿ɳ֮һҪ࿿룬öλ˫ƼӱӳֻҪĲķʽͱøӶ˾͸ӷʤ
½ƶͷʾס
Ҷ֪Сӿ˼񣬼Ϊʵһƽغò棬һȵִԸ񡣵˵ȥȥһЩ£ʲôȥʲôһЩɢ˵ѧ棬Ϊͺʹ̸ĶֻҪиţͻԼеԣγɼиɫĶ
ޣ˵ıˡ
ԼֻҪŵԼԾеĵز
Ҷ뵽˴˵Ҹղע˽֮˫ֽʹý֣֮˽ٶԿ죬ʱʱʹУƵöæңӦĴ򷨣ȡʤȻƸʵⲢ˫ֻ֮ռ˶ԷӦĴ򷨶ѣһӦתΪĶ֣ȡʤˡ
½ƶ֮ɫ˵ʦָԽ򡪡
Ҷһ֣½ƶ˫˹һѳԼҼ֮һѶ̽ʣ࣬ǰбãһÿס̽Ľ
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һ̱ڴϵľϲ飬Ҷӣ񼸺ܰѵСĸ
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˵꣬ˮȻе˵ϴһΪȵԼͬӱѩ˲ůɳ̲ٿȻӾнȫ򿪣
ů׵λãٿȻһ٣ƺ谭
ţ벻֮ȻγסתҪǵġľԹﻯ֪Ҫϼʱˣңұ㽫˰ɡ
ҲȸˮСģһǣˮе˲ȣ·Ҫ̵һҽУȻ´ȥ˳ȣһ̵ֱ˽ӿȪѨһɺӽȻѥγһɺ˪δȽˮӿѥϵĺ˪ˮɢ˿С
⡭
δйоԼ˫ôˮһ˫֪ˡ
ˣλСֵܣΪҼߵĴۣҰͨ˫ȵľ˾ﳤɵ㣬ھͿ·ˡ
ˮһĲţԼھͿ·ˣ
ʮģڿԸô
һ˲䣬ˮ
һԱٿȻе汾°ֵܣû


009 
ȣѽ󡭡
֮ܲҽŰ
ˤʱŵأΪ·ˤͷݣᱻͬЦġ
ˤ˰ɣλУˤñǰʮƯ֪ԴȰˡ

ҶСԺˮһĲһһһؼߣΧСʿɵǺǵؿԼʵҲ
ˮԼⱲӶûô˹
ҶһָֻţȿйҪԽŪýˮĸ꣬޴롣
ˮӽ֮𣬱һֱ·ʮ귽ѧ·ȷʵоЩˣԼĴһѧĶԼ֧ű·ˣҪ˵İæ
СѾסСԺˣѾʼŸĸһʣµļϰߣʱʱص
ʣµ˼˶ҶСԺ޺һڳֲͬƣڹͣת۾ȴؿŲԶ𲽵Ľˮ
˵˧˧·ӣ°ԼŪñȴϺҪƣͨ죬ѵʵ
ӦúܿɣûүȲźãԼ·ôȻ÷ǹ⣬Ӧúܿ죬ܿ졭һʮֿ϶Ļش
Ҫ˵ЩΣûΪ֫ͨתٶȶһЧǿһôĲ˵̾ͻˡһ죬ҿ˵λڹҲţΪ̱֫ųɾͲߵġ˵Ǯأʱһϵ£ݵһ죬Ȼ˫һһ£ݵһȥٻ¡˲ϢǧṦȻǲΪҪ˲ıǮ£ϰṦĻ
Ա߲Զһˮףˮ˫ƽˮϣϢ͵һˡˮһ㱡ˮһ㱡ıȻ󻺻ڻˮС
غٺһЦ˵˼˵ģʮѾǡˣ˵ǳɾͲߣǸ缸һȣͶˣͬͣƴϣûǿԪ߲
ٿȻĵĲǸζ
СǮһ룬ʮֲ˵Сʦ嶼˵ˣҹǰڻʮ㣬ƽͣʱûʲô谭ҿ˵ЩڽʱΣգǲˡ
ޣ˵ħţ㿴ŵӣһչѸ٣ô
ûǵ˺ڣ÷𷨻似߻ħ
Сʦأҵӣʮ꣬ˡ
һĬͻȻµ
Թ֮̾˿һ
ԶŰѳٿȻФƷ壬һߣԼ
ƴٿȻ۾ƣһŻɢȥ
һʱ棬æʵôƴϣޱˣ
ƴľȻҡҡͷɫһɣӺף˼˵ǡ
ôˣһһէġ
ƴϺٺһЦ˵˼Һͻˡ
Ϻף
ǮؿͨһӰֱ
ҲǺ¡һ£Եһء
߸˵ڹ߾ͻƾ磬Ҳ̫
СϴνŶðһЩյ˵
Ҳһŵı飬ֱƴϣֻϣ˵ǿЦĻ
ǺȻģƴϵľˡ
Ǽô£úƤ
Ҷ춯˹
Сʦ壬ƴͻˣ˵ô˵ôǶǡ徳أƽôǿԪڰˣûֱŴӣĲ
ҶЦЦƴϵ˵˭㲻úƴϳô࣬Ӷ˻Թţƴϣϴνʲôʱ飿
ǰƴ붼롣
ŶǺܿ졭ǡϼ񹦡ɣϰ֮ǰ㵽ʲô׶Σ
ߡ˳ˣû뵽Сʦҵġϼ񹦡ôҲŲһĹô࡭
ҶɫһٺЦҪ˵ٴ˹
ϼ񹦡Ȼף˵ҲﲻôĵزԼ׵ı仯ƴһҹ֮䣬ٴν
ƴϥأϹһϼ񹦡㿪ʼת
Ҷ̽ƴڣϸһ飬һ𣬾ȻǵƵͬһ㣬ڿתٶȾȻ
Ҷһ̽飬˹֮ͣʮϵġޱͬʻʢҵɫâϼ񹦡ӯӯһޱͬһХǰȥ
Ҷһʱͣ⡰ޱѹٶȣôô˼벻⡾ޱ롾ϼ񹦡Ȼ˵ȹЧѵͬôֻ֣ɫͬҲû˵ԵĹʲô
ɳҶˣûӹѧѧ仯İ
еʣҶ͵һˡޱƴϵһޱöޱһγɣƴȻһ
Ȼˡ
ȻԼβ͸еİأֹϣǡһһڶЧԼȻУΪƹҵһڹٳɵĽݾҶʵһأԼ֮һһṦ򣬱ƴޱµ͸ոյһƴӵޱ
һʱ֮䣬ƴϻðͬһɫĵһ㣬Ĺķ⡣תٶȳϼȴΪ͡ٶȣƴٴͻƿòһµʱˡ
Ҷɫ԰ףȴǳ죬ȵȥлӰ˵ưʦֽй
۵лӰȻлưλͶܽˮڵġޱ࣬ǲϰϼ񹦡̫˷ˡ
ҶɫЩ԰ףͷЦӯӯĽˮ˵ôȤôϼ񹦡
ˮҡҡͷ˵һҵġľԪɣ߶ͬһ͵ĸ֣պ󴳵ױ˿Ƶġ෽淢չȽˡ
ҶһЦܣʱôңԶ
Ҳԣʦгĸֻ֣һӣ˺һзĶԸ취ͽһŴ̧ͷһʱɣն伣ڹ̫һ˷һһʦż˶۸ǹ¡
Ȼеȱ£ҶǴ˵һϵƷ׹ܴﵽʲôĵز᲻ʲô֢ΣաֻҪȷ˰ȫԣſڹеĺռ
ӣǼָķ󣬳ʵ񹦾ϣΪպжֹɵĴڣ˵иѡùʽҲöֶٹӡߵ͡һ˵ġ


010 ڤ
֣ҹ
ʵɫؼ䶼Ϊԭʼĺڰɫ
¶֣㱡ҹ£ݷ簵ҹ飬ָɭֲ


ĽèͷӥĽëȻ
һ޴ӰȰ
һ̧ĺɫСΣɫ˿ƳɵĴ裬ĸһڡʬĽηɣ֮ϲͣطɱٶȼΪݡ

һƮһŰµӴڽǰع֣˵ѣϾ͵طˣǰ治Զиۣʮܾ
һϸɱӽ𣬡˵ҹڵңΪʲô
ʮܵƤ׽Բأ׼һӣֻҪҵ͸
úúãԽԽˣ֪ģȻô¶
ڵϵĽ亹ֱðͷ˵ǰǰʮˣТ˼ˡ
úúãߣߣȥӹ
һĽη̧ζ𣬺ط˳ȥٴͬһƮԶ
Ƭ̣ӰһϽ˾Ե롣
ͷҲأֱʵΪʲôֱӸʮЩʿȥűأ
Ϻɫۣס˶ϱۣ϶˵ڤСǲȫ˵ˣЩʿδûһģ¾ˡѣ񲻺ã¹죬ȥɱˣпʲôǲӦǰ첻ҲǸ˵̨ĶӣΪȥɱʲôˣ񾭲˵ĹҪ󿴿ԼӵĸǲǸ˲ͬߺߣԼĸ׵ϡ
磬˵ڤѡܰǳƹ۵ĶΪȥĵǱô
ƹʵѲ⣬Ҳáڤѡȥ̽̽ʵˣȻãǲɣֻʥŰţȴʱܱˡ
ϧ̨չز־ַ̫Ҫ治֪ٳ⣬̨᲻Ǹųˡʮһط˵
һߣȻ˵̫ˣ̨лҲ˵
ʥűȶ̨ڤŮϼƣһвٻòڵӲ̨ȢΪޣȻ̨ȡˡš֮λ̨һֱԹޣȴŹڵѹҶǹѷֺ˴ǹƹ̨ۣǸ˻ء
Ǵ˵Ⱦٶ᲻ڵı
ģһֱѲԸǧѰʮճͯͽܣĸγˣҪǹǹѵĸףĵʱɱ˹ˡһӹײпܱ𣬷ʽ򡭡
֪࡭
Цʥ֮УóãĿǰ첻ġ֮ټҡڤΪѰһЩ־ͬϵֵʥдȥֵ壬ЩɣҲûҵ֮ĸεա˴ʥжȻϰˡϾšʮĸͷ֮ޡ
һĻ𱬣ű¶޸ߵǰӰޱĵʵǴ磬ʲô
ʲôֻһԿ

º
СԺУлưƴͬյ޴ɫһ㣬ҫͣ
ɫˮصмϰ·
һյ͵֮£šϼ񹦡ؼµϸۿƴͽܣͽֵжҪͷʦģܲæ
οšϼ񹦡ҲǺĺܡ
ӡɽķԪٵϼ񹦡һеĹ롾ȫķͲȱġ̫Ԫ񹦡໥ӡ֤µķֺµĸ򡣶ںѧ͵ĸ˵ַΪ˼ġ
ҶҵڷϣҡҡԺеˣһһƺ«ȻԵõĻš
ҵ˺һڹƣ˻ľƺ«Ȼ˵;ϼɽۣһĺ«ʵϲˣЩӻ벻ѹ«Ȼڹдʢʦĵҩװ˼«
Ҷһ۶ʦֵĽɫ«ֿ˿Լбɫ«̾۵ġʺ«ѵõ֣ڹ˼ʱ䣬һʵĺ«Ʒ֡УƷ֮õĺ«ҲûмǵģԸ޳ӡ
ҵ˺ٺһЦ۵Ļӵм־ԵˣһòӡȻһ̾˵СʦɽһΣóɼȻʦֵʮ֮Ϧָ̨µĶˣСӣԴСʦΪṩպ벻ɻڴﶼܡ
ҶЦ
ҵгһЩ⻰ͻȻһתʵСʦܣһֱ㣬Ȼǲ㣬Բûش𡭡
һǣЩѧؼǣеôͬŹ䡭ôҶ֪ʦôһʣѧһһ֣һ֣һ֡

ҶͷָָˮõһСͭġһͼһ
һͼһҵֵʵٿȻһѵǽϴŵġͭѧǴõϹžѧ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ǲľѧҲֻ֪֪ЩؼͬǸͭġһõġ
ҵˡޡһȻǣ˴˵ȻͲ̽ˣֻҪ֪ЩѧСʦܵģҲ׷׵ĶҲͿˡ
Ҷа֣ԼΪ˷ֹѧգ˵ԼĳǰֵķĹģʦ׷ԼΪýˮæһڹˮֵøҶôһ飬Ȼͬ⡣
һ£ͷһ£㲻ȥЩѧ
ˮСͭܵϢٵģÿԻ
ҵһԭˣʣǣ
õĹһתƵķšģħŵġħֻǴʱʱһñɢԼӲĵģ໥ͻ߻ħԭĹֻõģʧȥսľϲʦ֪Ҹ񣬾Ȼȵõѹġޱٺ٣ߺһýɡޱָˡһֱֵ̼һֳʦ֣˵ǲƹ۵
Ҷ֪Լ⼸յôڷڤ񹦡Ĵڸס䱻ʦᣬǵעƫƽӹڤ񹦡ǶŹΪ⣬ȥҲͲʲô뷨
ҵһ֪ǸµĹΪԼã񲻰׷ѣ˵ΪԼãħŹ
ĲħŹҵ˴û˵ֵùСʦһʱ;
Ȼˣʦ֣ħŹԡҶ˵ȥץסҵ˵һڤ񹦡תҵ˵кҵ˴һٿȻһɫһҶˮһ·ʯͷһص˸գͬʱԷһƱղסҵ˵ˡֵҶһ
벻⡾񹦡ͬʵ˵ģԼġڤ񹦡˵ͬˮʦֵȴͬһʯͷȻ죬Լ޹
ҵһ㶣ŹЦ˵ôСʦܣԱ˰ɡҲǸ˵ôǵĹǿǡԣǱǡסԻҪϡٵ湦˵СţħպյġħǰԱ񣿡
ҶٺһЦ˵ôⲻħŹˣ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ȷǣҵûⷴӦͬʱ⹦Ҳ˺Է壬ֻԾʲôİȫħŹɲӣϵľԪȫľһͬٵһҲǸˡ
ҶпһֺŪȥˣպԼʩչڤ񹦡ʦǲòҴˡ
ҾһϵԼˣȥиʲô˼
ҵ˽һЦȫȫ⿪Ľȫޣ̶ЦСʦܼȻУֻЩСӰɣȸʦ϶ʮޱɣ͵ҵµ⳥ô
ҶպȵһꡱһȥԶʮTMDɱˣ
ҵ˹Ҫ˵Աشһ仰ԴԲɱ㣬ɱòð
һ紵ҶҵðһļƤٿȻףһ͵ӰΣͷɢ֮УĨĹ˸
ԴԲ
ҶסһӵĻ˲ȷ˶Է
ħŸ֣ѶӦս


011 
Ҷһȣͬһʱ䣬һâʣ¹Ϊ֮һҵ˳֣Х£һֱָˡ

һЦ֮ȵ̫ٿȻת˫ץͬһ㣬һҵˡ
֮У˫ϳָײźҵɫĽâ֯һ𣬡ײڶĦĻƮ裬֮䣬˲֪һ˶ٴΣٿȻһ졭
ҵڵֿסԷĹһͣгʧȥ˲㱻ԷָնѳƬɢ䡭

ǹϸܳһţ˫צǰ̽ͬһҵ˵ǰأҵٿȻˣϸȣϡ
Σͷһâ֣һйϸצ֮ϣһöͭǮΪ룬â಻ϮϸצöͭǮջӿΪ顣
ϸ˫ֹצٶȿۣҶеͭǮԻΪΣǹһҵ˳ȥ
СģԷ֮ҵһߺˣһ߽кҵ˫ЩǸղϸ˶Թ֮ʱԷĹյЩ𵴲ĺ֢
ȥʦ桭һ鱾ãȻչӷԸͬʱҶҵվһ
ͣòĹ˳ˣɭЦǼʿֲȻסҵһôҲһֿ죬֤ǲе۵ġ
ҵ΢΢һЦҪ𻰣ͼϸͻһ٣Ȼ˵˭ôأҵĹأۿ޵ҵĹﲻˣ˵ҵûҵûҵۡ
˻һۣȻԭ̫ǸϷӣһǸǳǳϷӡ
֣ʦǲǼҲǿֵܵס̫̫ʵаţ񻹲һʱ⣬пܾͻˣӲƴϵʦͺðˡ
ҵʾʦ԰꣬ɢΧסϸˡ
ֻôṦСԺǰݵķ֨ѽһ˿ȴͽˮк
Ȼ˼Ժӵվһε͹ˮŵôһ֮£ȻУ
ذ
ֻһɤӣǸ͵ϸͬŭҰһĴһӰ˲ˮˡ
ǣһȫŸ֮ʣҶеã˫ʮָ꼻ţ˲ҶָųĵϸˡɶԷӰһӰпգԴ˿մδ˵Էֺ
Ҷ亹ʱð˳
ܡ
ĽкʱŴǹһϸѾ˵˽ˮǰ˫ʮָϵڹâɼָצ֮ҷҲɼۼ˾Ҫзʬͻˮкһ̶˵ͬʱ˵ϡ
һĹ򣬺䡪
ͬŸǽھ㶼ٿȻıըз졭
ԭǽˮе͵Ϯ֮ǰھϳнɻġ顱ţû뵽һžͱ˹ֻУֱȼˡ顱ߣ־Ͷ˳ȥҲǡ顱λĦŻ𣬶ڤѡָ״ֱӽ顱Լը÷˻ȥ

һХɫĻһʧǸһϸ˱˻쾳ĻһҲش۵һ³һڴŹɫâѪҺպȻţɢһ֮
ħŵġ׻𡯣TMDϷӾȻҵô
һԺȻ壬˫ǰռٿȻ̣ơȫʩչϹŻȵӰһͣͬһʱ䣬ҵ䣬Էʣ˫ϵ޷졭
ݡöͭǮŻâԺ
ܡ
ҶĵشС
û¡
һ˫ֻһƿһص˻֡
ҶһתǸϷӣ˫Ŀ죬һݣٿȻ˹ȥ
ġơҵ˵ȫһȵͬʱŻѪϹš
ϹżȻ͵˫ִأ˫ֳָ߳ʯϻ죬Ӳʯָ棬綹һ㲻ͣ仯ΪС顣¶˸Żâ˫ۣһգգضϮˡ
Ϲ˫ţ˫һŤ߰޹ǣԼš黨һƣһٿȻۡ
˴һ亹ֱð֮ʣļԶһȴˡ
Ҷʦ˵ٿȻľ֮£ݡת£ǰиΪƲˣͬʱöͭǮٴγ֣һš
ٹХ硪
ϹžһʽȻ黨״Ȼֱͬʱͣתض˫צͬצ磬ƿٹҹХ񱩵ľһɵ磬ĺҵ˶ˡ
ҶָͨâлΪ쳾мͭǮҴ쫷磬˵ĹôܴĹȥأ󣬶֮е³һǻΪѪ꣬ʬ޴桭
ҵûҶ˵˵ȥȥľṦ޷µǣϹγɵз籩һɼǿͬ߳סľżײ磬ۼʬ޴³âϮݵֺҵ˵Ľǰ˴ϲֽͬݣײöͭǮ֮ϣȻ죬˽ž޴ķ׵Ϲһŭ˻͵һչɵٿȻܱ䣬ҵοɶֻٿһţסҪϮ壬֮𣬶ٿȻһѪ꣬ÿһ˲䱻նٵ˿ڣѪӿ
ʦ֡
ӹһٵҶȻ

УһӰٿշ׷ѩɣ˫ָɽۣҹһէ֣ˣ¶ˣ¹ˮкСԺһƬ
Ϲ壬֫ŵٴšһţ˫ֻۣʮָ׶һХһз׶磬ӭϮ֮ˡ
磬ڰײһ𡭡
һ̣
ƿסҹ

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˫ָɽƵ£˫צббһӣ⻪һš
Ҷһμʦ֣֪ⱲҲһ
һҽУһź´Ӱ׹䡭
Ųƻʵ̼ҵӣ˫㣬Ĩҩ࣬ɢҩֹۣס˶ϿӿѪҺ
ȫжٶ˿ڣڱ֫ңʵƤˣδ˼Ҫô˿ڣǲʱѪҪ
ҶҪϵͬߣͻȻһ֮ͷһʧɫԭϹŶ˰ӣȫޣֱҲ֪ȥ򣬵ʣϰȻצڵС
ҵͷģҪҵ
ףϹŻû
ˮ˴ӷѪۣϹţԺΪʯεʯӣȥҪ
Ҫ֡ҶһȣͳһŲסϹŽһֻ֣ץסԷĺģˡڤ񹦡
TMDҲܳԿãե٣ե١


012 ȸ
ЩĿɿڴؿСͽǰȥֻһĹǸ֮ǰҵ˵ڱԶޱ
㰡
벻СͽܾȻⱾ£ܹ˹һ˭ڹֱӡֻͳô
Ҷ̱˵ռ˴˵ʦԣ˵ûܣϹ֮ʾͲˣǺ˰
˴ʱһҵһѵ˵лСʦܳȫǵðѡޱ͡ϼ񹦡һݸȥоо
Ҷǲ޲ɣͷǣ˵Ҫϼ񹦡üǵøԼֻ˶ʮ˹ܽ⡾ϼ񹦡ޡ
ͽ̸¼ߣȴͷˮɵòʵʲôϼ񹦡ʲôֻ˵ʲôء
Ҷҵ˶࣬һṦͽ֮ǰ˽һ顣
һṦƹѾһţϮȫµĵʿæһţѵһߵصѰ
ڶҶСԺھ룬ŵϹѵĲʬ㶼
˳̾һ˵ע⣬ֵ˵СԺ֮⣬˵ô飬ҳһţûء˽ס˳ˣˡ̫ˣΪԼԶɽ֪Ҫ߳ȥͱȫ֮ߡ
룬˵Ӽ߸ÿ϶Ҫһֵҹ֯Ѳҹӣһ飬ÿ飬ҹڹѲӣƶ
˵˵ͷֿҶ˵ѧؼ͵һףġ󡯱һףԼһסоЩʱգ⴫ʦǼ˳Լ״ӣԸϲ˽⴫ڡ
˵ͷּ
һ̾˵֪ڸ³̼Ϊ걸ǨˣƶȣжɡԵݣδζЩصĺôΪ˶࣬չСۣŷ׹Ҳɴеһ֡ûйأɷԲ񡪡ȥ֮ΪʦὫԭʼд㣬ڹʵʩɡ佱ͺͿƶȣҪʱһ£㼺ȡڽ׹ʵʩȥ
ּ
˹ʩ̧ͷʱƮ١
λʦֵҲذɣҹҷ޶ֵءʦ½˵ߣеӽ˵ͻס
Сʦܡ
ҶҪصԼǼû˷ŵСݣȴһ½˻ԱüĿ续ʦ㣬һζؿСʦܡ
ʲô
Ҷæʩ
½չһЦȻ˵ʦֲҪ㣬㲻ýš
ҶȻӣŴʦ˵
СʦܴС׽ƥƲպԵ֮ʱΪֶܽ˽
źߡ
ʦòͷɷ
½ɫһٺٳһתֱ˵Ϊִ˴λ㣬Ϊģ롭⽣Ӻζ
Աʦһۣݺݵš½һ£ֱӼҶСЦʦתȥʦллġѽҵСʦܺб°켶ĺϻĺʦ㣬֪ʦΪɶġغˣպɽʦɽĸ޵Ůͽ
Ҷ˲ͣճյʵʦ㲻ǵĴʦֵİΣô
ʦ󾪣˵ĸǻǵմǲݣñӡ
һһ԰̾Ĵʦ֣Ҷ˲һɼȵΥ͸ϮͷʦǴ˵еŮӣñӡġ
ԷԶҶŴӴлָʦԺȢϱǧġ

һ·ɱֱƹң֮󣬷ͣ
ոǻµһáϽһ˵ȣɫࡣ
TMD벻СС֮о˺֣ʵȻɱڤѡҵֶвδʮǿǡǿߺ޵˵
ǡǼƣʱҲû⣬ƾԼЩˣƹ۵Ķ֡
һ̾˵ƹ۵ĳʿֻʥΪֵܱˡħơͷеֵġ鷳ҵȻɽչ䣬ϱȴʥ١
磬˵һǸʿĶôϸǰʵ
ɫһ˵ڤѡڶԷʥűвԡʵۣӻ塯ɷǿֵԷ޼ӫ£ǡɱκһɱֻ֡ĥħպҪױ˳𡭡
ȵʥһģߡ

֣عһƬž

ͬһʱ̡
ݣ嶼֮˰Ⱥɽ֮䣬һȺɽƣıյľ޴ӡ
һȺѹѹطʳ·֮ʱһ΢ӹƮһֻٿȻֹӿ׹䣬Զ
һƬɽ˴˼֮У¹շһСطһҺɫĹʯ֮ϣؿ֣ħȡ
֮ڣЮųĺ磬һƬ
ƬӵףڳĺôһƬҺɫĹʯĴǹʯ϶룬״ףɲڵĿӵף·𻢻ɣ
һѶѻҺڵľʯвʱð˿˿ɫˮʯ֮䣬һƬӣոЩ𣬱ǱﴵĶС
һƬӵУҺɫĹʯϣһƽĽΪʯɣֲһٶֵĺشڽ֮⡣
ſڣһʯ津Ŀĵдšħ֡
ǡħ֮ɫġѺ׼֮ͽĵط
˿̣һƬȻ΢Хɽ磬ࡱࡱԳӵð׺֮ΪɭֲʹëȻ
¸¸¡
һ¡¡֮󣬡ħǧδĺɫբŻ̧һӰл߳
ܷʮӰ׹䣬عڵء
ӭ¾٣ˡ
ĬԲһ·һ£δñ˸⣬¶δ⣬쳣԰׶׳ĸְ̺۲ȫ

׳һ֣˽һƿȥ
࣬һʵؿΪ֮һǿѹϷᣬĵġѨУһɫ׶˳ˡ
һƵĺУ׶һڵϡ׶СָһŹĹâ
ġħ׶壬书ٸߣ棬Ҳ˲һǰʵһַǳ޵̣ĸ֣Ƴסκθֵġħ׶
󺺱һöħ׶֮ǣ䲢δʹ֣ͣǼӴһƬ籬
δʱħ׶صĴַΣǰǰöħ׶ڱƳ񱩵šħ׶ı䣬ͣǣٶ׵֮γ磬ƿ񱩡
һöħ׶֮ʱǴڱӿģѾˣܵ棬磬תųա

һ󱩺֮ǻγɵӿգٶ׵ĸ߶˲䳬ԽڵȺɽУٿȻһ񱩵ĻӶڵʯɣһ̵ƣɽ緢һ
ʮڵصĸ֣⾪ŵ巢ҷһԡ
ãڿһգֹֽͣһɫĴ˴ϡӵľĬһ˸ҿѯʣҲû˸վ
ٿȻһʧЦ֮ٴվһԼļ򣬲ʵʮ꣬ʮ꣬žҳôѦͷô
Ѧǰƽѣҵȷл𷣡
𷣡һ
ˣɡ
Ǵָɵৣϳδεĺ룬ָ˷׷׹䡣󺺻ָ֮ĵһ£ȻǸԼһ
ٿȻͷһòƿǰˣòƶʮͷû뵽ȴ⡰ħбѺʮ꣬ϵʵԱ⾪˵ഺ
ƺΪĿ꣬Ȼʵ֪ҳô
ڸ·ϣʱȥ嶼ۡ
áǾȥ嶼ǺһЦͷһġħЦ벻һסʮ꣬Щءɡ
󺺺ػΪһŻ棬𣬸ߴʮ׵ĸţħĹ£˲ڻ׷ףһЪֹ֮ԭľ޴֮ϣһֻչɵȸٿȻΡ
ߣҰЩƵֻһ֮ǷųɣʥҪЩѪ


013 
ݡϽѣȻΣʱ̳͢ƽѳɹ͢˼ʮ򽫾ȻǴެļϸʹ°һƬ󻩣͢˾˱ڸ
벻ǣ͢ѹͽġħʧݣһٶʮ׼֮ͽӶݣ֪٣͢ħȫжһֱȵѦְ֮ʱŷټġħһĻ˶ûˡ
д
һ鱾ɨ˵ϡ
ʵۻʸ£Ѯ׳֮˺޶¡θݣݹ׾һĪ⣬˼ϵӡһĵİ
ֻǴʱб֮ϣȥڰµļس
һ̫ŵȥҪһ£ϵľʵͻһתŭȵ񣬻쵰Դô
̫ŵûæ򵹣սпϢŭˡ̫ͻȻǺޣ±壬ĪҪūϧΩԸ尲ꡭ̫һнľģͷ죬ūŻ
̨¹ŵ󳼻࿴һۣ㶼̫ı֮Աǡ
ƫƫλϵλʵ۾ͳһף͵һʧЦеնΪ֮һɡ
ūţͻЩֶΡôأɡ
ūл¡̫м㣬ΡΡ˵һߡ̬ӣ˶֪λ̫֣
ʵ̾˿˵Ҳɡ
л¶䡪
վվ
ʱ֮ϣ̫ڵˣ㶼ǻʸ֮ˣֱǡࡱ֣չã֡Ѧִơ߸ʮĻʸţִ̫࣬ơ̼ࡱİš
ʵѹŭ𣬳˵治ףѦȥݵϢֻҾ֪ħôôʹЩϢѵǶͨвɣ
΢ҡ˻æһͬ
ĸѾǳ͢ڲļˣǶ⣬޸˭ȥأ߲͢й֮ʱѾֹһˣ֮ǰݰʮޱһг͢ڲĸ߼ʿйܣΪħ֪Ǵ˴λҲ͢ûһֵԼŵˡ
ʵһ̾˵ħʧݣһٶʮѣʮ쾳磬֪ǶĴô͢һӶʮ߸켶Ķ֣ʮ߸ɱޣ޾ȫڵֶ֯ҲʮԺÿϱŵ˯TMDޱǼ˯Űȵ㣿
͡
һЦ
ʲôˣ
ʵ۱һһͷ䣬һǧĵľ˴ӵӯӯɫϼѵĹŮҡ
ݼ£ű֮¿
ʵɫԶЦΣԭǰƣޱЩһͿˡ
ǡǸ󡱵ڻʸߵĸ߼ڣ쾳ĸ֣ʵۼΪϲǨѾǹݡ
ݼϣֻǲ֪ϴʱĪҪӰ
£Ķţ˵ҲŵŵְֻǲϤ벻һǧĵŮӣȻһý֣һ֡
֪ʵһ֣쵽֮ϣߣ˵ħʵڿɶ񣬾ȻѦϲڣʹ˶ɱˡħеʿȳ˰ʮŶͽЩ˶ǳ͢ĴУ޲ò
ȻˣβԱ͢ǰɱأ
ʵҡͷЦ˵ҳ͢ڿɶõĸ֣ô࣬й־ʮ֮࣬޵ô֡ȵʴȣ˵֮ˣۣ֮ɱ֮飬˵Щһ֮ĸ֣ӦΪ͢ЧЩƼһأΪˡû뵽˽գô鷳֪ˣӦðЩ׼֮˾͵;
ѦԽڶ˵£ȵħҲһƬ֮ģЩֽ֮ףΪһЧҳ͢Ļ·޹й¶ܣʹħų롣֮ӦǾ޵ܻܣ߾ȫ׽ù鰸
Ѧ˵ô˰ɣ֮׽ӷҪµİȫ
̨˾㶼һ
ڴˣ˵Ҫģǰɳ͢ĸɵߣֻҪ°ȫݣܷ
ʵʱƴЦͷǡ
Ѧ˴λȥ͢ټڣ밮λӵİȫҵİȫڵһλ
Ѧһʱ󼱣˵ɣЩܵﷸأѵǣΪ֣
ʵüͷ˵ټ׵ɣǲиʲôħˡôǼӴ飬ټǿߣ͢ǶЩ׷ӷ
һԹվ̫లţִеʵ۱Ӣ˼˳͢ʧЩʬλز͵İ׵ʿΪ͢Щһ쵽û¸ɣų͢Ĳǡ
һᵽ£ʵǴŭһӣ˵˵Ĳһ쵽û¸ɵαӣֻ֪˵޵ĲǣãǻЩΪ͢Щ¡
ࡱ֣չó˵£ֻЩ׵ɻΥĶɣ
ʵһ㶣ŭ˵ô죿
ΪʾؽֹͣǼڰ׵ɣֺҲԼӷȡ߶ͣ͢ҲԴ˹۲ҪΪ͢ЧʿͰɣչ鼺ãҲɼǿֵ͢Ӱ
šáɣɡ
֣չһԣ˿ԱѦͻʸɱ˵Ŀ⡣
Ȼ֣չ˵ûһ£Ǵң֪ٽʿΪͽðգЩӷͬЩʿ֮Ҳ¶󶯸ɸ꣬ڳ͢ͳξкһǼƳ˵֣չῴһ㣿
ǺǣһЦžʵ۵Ķ䣬˵ղ֣˵ãóҲ뵽һ˼лرİ취¡
ŶҲк⣿˵
밡ղŰҲ˵ˣЩ׵һû¸ɣűµĻųҲ˲ٵԩ檾밡βЩЩɸأ
Ŷ԰˵ʲôºأ
֮䣬ʵ۱²ȫٿһִᣬӵطһбɺ󶼾ۼ嶼һϸ£ɳ͢ΪŶΣҪ֪ʮѾûб仯ˣɴΪǲ赼˽ΰӰ˳͢ͳΡⳡ䣬ܽǵעǾͲ˽ˡһ¼Ϊһֻͬһʢ£ñ֮ӢĺʤѡΪ͢Чһ㣬дôֶΪأ
ʵüɫ裬кá
úúã֮⡭
ֱŮడūͶذͶصİݵڵء
ΪΪ񣬴֣չø顪֣չһۣߵ
ʵͨ죬İ𣬴ȵãּ⣬֮ڣɣԲμӱضΪݣ
ּ
֮£Ѧʸš


014 һ
͢߶ͼáħҪ嶼ٿݡִᣬһ½ڽȻ󲨡еɺͽʿԴ˱ԼȤһƬĦȭƣҪһ
Թ޵һ޵ڶ
ǿʤԸԴ˽Դˣһֱš
һεġݡᣬضɵɵķЩвʮɡλţΪ˻ȸԾкá
Լɵߵͣ⣬Ϊⷽ磬ǰɸӵмȨȨ漰Ρáȵȵĸ棬ɾ൱ǰ͸ƷҵӰ
Щ춯صϢƹ֮ʱȴδı۱Ľࡣ
ƹۣҶڶѧ֮£ǵȼ˶֧ĻһٷУһɳ졣
ҶʱȻԼСԺ֮Уλ̵ֽʦֶǹԼѧۡ
Ǽڸ룬ڽɱҪȡʤҪô
ССļӣʾ֭ڤ˼롣
ȳ֣ڶԷ֮ǰȴܶ֡ФƷ徹Ȼһ˵ڡ
Ҷ˵ͷʵռȻϵлȣȡʤҲͲʧˡܺãǵ˵ʵǿ㣬ûб֮󣬸ôأʲô˵ġ
ǿ򲻹֣Ҳκβҡ»εȭͷŵؽкʵĻ
ãǿõ˵ĹֶЧȻ֮ǰڲ֮ˡǵ˹ǿƵÿķأ롭
Ṧùʹ򣬴򲻹ܡҪǮؾַԣһ֮Աǵĳ
ЦʲôЦۣඣϵɱʤӮӮҾֻһǾǻŵǸˡǱΪǶô£ʦǳɲţȥǻøá˻ŲӣиƨáԣһĶøṦ룬ṦǿĶ֣ô죿
һӿΪס˴һһʱ㶼˳˼һĳü˵Ȼִ򲻹Ҳסܲˡô죿ðŶװͶƺǽĺð취
ҿһһҡͷ֪
Ҷҡҡͷ̾Ϣ˵˽ɱĴǰᣬǾǵĶֶУŻֵಫĵزز֮ȡʤ취ǡ
Ҷϳ˽ŵ˺
ɱȡʤ֮ʲô𰸾ǡ
ȺŹ

һʧ
ҶӴʱܳСȴһ˷Īӡû취Щ˸Ҷһʱ̫ж̫Ϊȡʤһ޵ˡ
Сʦ壬⣬ʲôȡʤ֮Ϊ˷Ƴ磬Щɥ˵
ǶƨĲܷ򡣸ǣĵ˱ħţħŽһһ˼Ҹô϶伫ȺŹƨŪ˼ŪһȺŮǰ裬㻹ô
İ֣Ʊ뼸۷Ź⣬һɫӡ
ԡ
һԹϱӵԹӵ
TMD㲻֪ˣô룬Ҳ˵ɣˡҶһָ֣ͨƱԴϵ۵С죬ʹ
СӣԼջûǲСʦ壬Ǳ˸˽ա
һȴҶˡԭ֣ƱϤԳɲڹе⼸գĲǽλȫ᳹ҶƶġԡżʦֵܣȥϲƷĿյרȥ˴֡
˵ЩåƦԼܣǵȻȺŹĵƦåǼЩƹ۵Сʿʵǣ׷׶ܣ֮ͬ
⻹ֹһΣСʿܱطչơƹСʿˣչʮˣÿСʿɨжߵȻСڡ
ԷԼܲҸԼ֣ƱƢãԼ㲻ȥ㡣
ϳ˺üƹ۵Сʿ񽣣׷ʮŵĵƦåյֳƿ죬ŪϵĵƦåǣһ۵ľܣⲻ˱סһٶվǣȭţܣṦ֮󣬼ȭţ
ʵûӣƵЩå̫ܽүȥˣԼ͵˭ҵļѼǸԼϷļҵĹѸĲ󣬾ڴﰲ꣬ơ̫ն񣬻ȫ
ΰΪ֮һ壬̫үȴýͷöôΪȲλ̫үŪһ޴Ľ죬ĸ֡ǡ͵ƹۣϱƱ˵٣˽λ̫ү޳ˣ˱ӵɨˣûˣɹǹܷѾ̫үԼߴǮˣ϶뺷ŴһѪӣڼҶһˣûˡ
ֱӴ֣ƱһٰӣֹĽա
֪Ҷ죬֪£̫үԹĲΪȻǰӻ죬ֺУȻǽ˴ΣǡͶܱ߻ĵô࣬ЩʳҲǽˣ̫үαԼǮ
һ仰֣Ʊ룬һҵ̫үֵƨƨߣ桰񡱵Ľƹۡ˽յ֣ƱҲɴ˵ѴѣСʦ塰ɽѡĴ֮С
ҶصǣȵǼСӸҼסඣպƯŮˣһӦڶЩʾõŮˣҪӱСģ˼Ĺͷˣ֪𣿡
ˡ
˸ش𣬴ЦѣȴȺе½档
Сʦ徻˵Ů˵ˮƵأôô
ţɫ䡣
Ǯͷ񶨵ʦ㣬㲻ڰ
½һϲҲ㣿ô˵ҲĶ󣿡ŷ·뵽ʲôŭߵ˵ҲƯŮӣ
Ǯҡͷ˵ǣǡʦ㣬˵ѹŮӡ
䡪
˺ȻЦ½汩ŭɣҪס
ҶЦŰСѾͷλϣ˵ˣˣͷٱСʦ˵
ЦֹͣҶѵ
Ҷһ˵Ե֮ʱ˻伫ǵƲԣԣڳڽ׶Σһȷݣ۵ʵΣҪγԶٵľ桭


015 䱱
Ҷһ˵ţһߴó鼮˵󷨣ֱǡ߽󡿺͡󡿣սĲֶΡһڻѣԶʤ٣ڻս֮УԹѻڣʤࡣؼ㿴˵ʵΡ
Ҷʾһֵ鼮˵Ȿ󡿣Ҫӷתڻѵĵ䷶ѣ˵ˣһ֡
˴󻩣ɵƣȴֻܶԿһˣⲻǷô
Ҷ΢΢Цţ˵ķӦ˵ֻܶԿһˣʵ󷨼ΪԽ֮Ϊһ壬缶Կˡٸӣ㲼ˣֻ컯ʵô󡿣ԶԸ쾳ĸ֡
һ̶Ƿ֮
ԡ컯ΪԶԿ֡ʲôҪ찡
ҶΪԼɵķӦԺΪѻÿ϶¡
ȫǽ󡿡ǡӢ۴Сȫ̡ĵһνš֮ͨƵ书š塱ǣšᡱǴռ߸λֱΪࡢ诡ᡢȨ⡢ҡ⣬ԵγɰΧʽ仯˱תϢ
䵮ʼĿıΪ˶Կ֮һġŷ档ڻѡʤǿĿԼԡƹۼٵĵˣֿ϶пܱȹеҪʮЩˣоӿ¶ҪΪûôڻҡ
Ҫı棬޶ȷӺ۵Ͷսķ
ƹһռ󷨣ӵ˵ͬںֶΣƹ˵ɻӰȫ
Ҷáȼѧһᡱһš󡿣Ϊ˾աġ󷨡㵽ߵȼԵصõˡ߽󡿣ʵǴġ
Ҷʾ⣬ֵֽܵ鼮˵һǡ߽󡿣󷨴ӶˣһֱˣʹʱתΪǿȻڶ˷棬硾󡿣ʤ϶˾룬Ե֮ʱͬʮλһͬʱԵУơµһ󷨡µġ޺󡯶Ҫվ
Ʋסе𾪣ؼҪʶʶ󷨡
⡾߽󡿣䵱䵱񹦡
ݴһǰĹ߶к𳤽ͺˮ֮ɽɽ볤鶯ڹأһһߣǼصԣҹϵ߹ɽ
ɽ֮ơɽׯ֮м䣬һ׾޷书ֻǹ߶ɽ磬ɽݻ书ɭȻУ޼㣬һ֮ͬʱʩΪ֮ʳҹ֮ãǱĿ˼벻ͨ⡣
˵糿նյýϽ˸͵ʡ򣬹Цص䵱ɽϣӽÿ˴һ书
Ϊ¹߶ƣ֮Ϊ߽󡿡
⡾߽󡿲ΪϬǣ󷨲רΪ˶裬ǵʹǶϣʹ֮ʵ书ֱʹǸо֮˺ʦֵศɣؼ汸㼴ͬʹͬʹǿһ൱ڰλ֣൱ʮλ֣൱ʮλʩʮλһͬʱ֡Ҳ޹ֺӹԳơ߽ǽӹС˵µһ
߽롾󡿣һԡ䵱һԡȫ桱ΪҹɵڹִỹΪһʦ书Ƿ󷨣Ǳŵ书䵱ȫ棬Ϊɣ񹦾˸ɽֹڱе㶼λ󷨣֮Ϊ̡̡֮ҪֶΣ˿ɼ󷨵ǿ֮
Ź޴󣬵ʹϣȴ಻ͬ
߽ءԹѵڣȺսǡڻѣС
߽ء϶ǵˣ˫ˣˡֱ˾룬ܽ󷨵ʹóĹԽ࣬Խ
ǡȴڻѣʤǿȫ֮Կ֣ŷ棬Ƕаҩʦܾһϣǡǿڡ߽ء࣬ǶϾ֣󷨸ʹԽǿСŹҲ©Ǳ˾뷽ʹ֮һһ£󷨲ƣһ߽ءϣ㲻ࡣ
ԣҶУΪģǴڡ߽󡿡
ϾδĽϣκεΣնпϣֲԶۼһ֮£߽󡿸ʺʦŵӡ
ȻҲ׷Ͼš߽ûеԽ˵еİ취ԶԼĸ֣߽вʱǡ󡿴չʱվеļܵ㣬жһ߽󡿣ʦڵ֮պٴרſ缶ϻġ󡿡
ҶжƣȵӼ𣬹еӳÿϰ֮⣬ʱȫѧϰס߽󡿣󷨹书ÿһ׽һٿ䣬αھÿ׽תһףʦŶһԪ깦ǵס׽ת׽ٵһöԪô
ԪҶչ༶ҩÿö깦ֻڡڡĵӣʵﵽ컯ĵӣֵҩûκκô
Ҷнˮҩ֮󣬼ЧŶڻҩģҶֱ¯һٶöġԪΪΪĽƷ˳
˵ֻҪ⡾߽󡿴ټϡԪռƹ۲ȫ죬Ҷһ׶εһ룬Ҫҹҹƹۡ
ʣµģ޵ʱڼԼΪˡ
߽󡿵ͼ׵ѧ֮ҶԼ쳣˷ܵλǲɢһ˵ŪʦŪˣܸһЩԼɵˡڿʲô
ˮһһڵġ¼̾ݡ᣿Ǻǣ磬Ҫʼء
ҶٺһЦ㲻ãưµ統Уֻ΢е˼ô


016 
ˮվ𣬶˶Щ͵˫ȣ˫ȬãЩӦƣ̧͡ͷҶĵ񣬲ɵЦİɣֻþЩ֮ǰúܶˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ֪Ϊʲô͢ͻȻܸ֮оֵֹġħ͵Ƕ֮ʲôᡣ׵ɵעȫ˹ȥɣҪǰɣ±ȡŽһ¶Կħŵ飬ȴΪضӡ
ˮ̾˵Ĳ˵ɣҵ˼һ䳯͢°֮ŴӵطϿʼǸ˸׼ʱڣÿɶǰһʱڽߵĵӣټȥѵϻְ׵ɵӺĿյ̫Σˡ
˵ĻԽԽأѾִĸоˡ
ħŵҪʲô
ֻħô
Ϊʲô͢Ϊô󡭡
ݳƽ֮£Ѿȥˣʱڡ
Ҷʮˡ
һĹ⾰֮ǰʮûҪĶǣҪʡƺսδ٣šɽ¥ĸо
ˮ͡Ǽʲôʱ䣬ǶҪץʱʵҲڵ˵ʱĳЩ֣ͬҪţʱʵһǵ˵ļ
ҶȻ˵һʱõ似һԺǴŵ߽ʼͬʱɱ磬ǵѪǵĵĥ÷ٷһЩ
ƹۣڻΪҶĴڣڵӵʵ似ڹԼαٶҲ˵ͬʱ䣬ʵһǵʵļ

ݡ
˳⣬Ϻϡ
˫ɽ´µġʯɽׯ
볯͢䲼ݡּ⣬ȥ˰ʱ䡣
ɽˮԶǧ󽭣ˮɫγԶԶȥһɫɽ룬ӵ
ϦбգĴֻĽʻϵ̵ľҡڡ
Զδ·ǴʻҲƺһ㵭ɳϰط׷ף֮ϡ
ʯɽׯ
µģϺϵľɫΪˣʯȻ
ؾλġʯȻ
ʯȻ⼸ܲáʵ⼸ܹƽ
͢ġ¡µϰ֮ĶʯȻҲ⣬ֹԼʯɽׯĽԼ˵ѧͻƣһġ
һ䲼ü򵥵ķ䡣
һΣһŴ֮⣬ΨһһǼҾߵĶһŹǽϵĻᡣ
ʱʯȻվڻ֮ǰضǰĻһ
ʯȻѧĹУѧκζѧľ
ʯȻǰһ껭һª֮ڣһ֯Ůڷɴ֯£׾ƵĻ֤⸱õºʷһ֪ǼĹŶ
߿հ״һʫ
δʶ㣬ýˡ
˭߸ʱױ
ҽʮָɣ˫ü
ѹߣΪѡ
ȴһסƶŮʫӦΪС
ʯȻãȻؿþòκһϤʯȻ˶֪λʯׯƽΪģŪīչŪɧ
ʯׯԴ˵һ⣬ᷳʫλֱɵʯׯȻһþò龰ʵ⡣
Ϊؾλĸ˵Լľͣں۷壬ѽʮʱ䣬δһ˿ƾļ
ԼľǰԵκĹ̼ᱻڵż⣬мԼǿ߻ħ
ʯȻԭʲôԼҲǺܾˡûôõ֣ʮǰһԼġ
ʱ͸չʮ緢֮ʱʱһҹ֮ʮң롣ģһ͸ԼһҲǰһƶŮ֯ͼɴ˸ıһˡ
ǲһʵһѧһſ漣ѧ
˸Լ֣Ҳ֡
Ź֮٣˾̾ͬʱİԵҲ˾̾
뵱Լô˹֮ʱȻ꣬ýһٴܽʮλ֣ڳΪ˾һ
ʱȥʮˡ
ѧԴʮǰԼ롰Ԫʮ쿪ʼ㲻ôԼҲʼͻ쾳ż
ϰˡٶȵʯȻĽѣƫֺް취ڸоѴ֮ʯȻעתƵĹ棬ܹͻƣϧʯȻһУվһա
治֪һβźãѵʯȻˣֹֻں۷֮ô쾳ζأ
ڣʯȻУΨһܰԼģ¾ǵԼλ˰ɡ
ʯȻľȻƿţԼϤ統С
кУ̧ͷʱԺеʯ֮ϣһˣȻڵغһƣǺԼ֮ǰ׼ģʱȫλ֮͡
ʯȻλߣܹ˾һʱɵôŭͣǺˣΪڴ˵أ
ԷʩʩȻ¾Ʊͷ
ʯȻٿȻסףϤλǣԼļ䵱г֡
ˡȻ
ʯȻдϲ˾ǵԼˣǵöԷ֧˶ӥӺ΢е񣬿зȴʯȻлȡ
ʮδԷѾãϵƶûжһ˵Է쾳Ϊ
ʯ֮ϵ΢΢һЦȫת˵ʮ겻벻ʯɸʤꡪ
ʯȻϵǰٿȻһ񣬹˵ʮδǰǰɣ
˹һ֣˵ȷʮˣôʱ䣬˼ҵȵúòĽ֪ôʱΪǷѵ˺۷壿ǷһֱԴأ
ԷȻнͻ֮İ취ʯȻ˷쳣æ˵ǰʮ㵽˺۷壬֮Դһֱδͻ쾳磬ǰУֺȻ
һ֣Ц˵ˣĹֻ۷壬֮ôŬҲͻƲ쾳硣
ʯȻһˮʵѵûа취ͻô
۾һУٺЦͻ֮İ취ǺǣУȻС
ʯȻٿȻ̶͵عߵͷ˵ͻ֮ǰȫǴͿأƴǡ
ææҪ֪ͻ֮ҵȴһ¡һ֣СԺ߽һˡ
ף㣿
ʯȻ¶֮ɫΪ֮ˣȻɽׯй˼ʮĻƹƣ˵껹ΪоԼһűԼɽׯ˻ô֮ǰ̬ӵӶˣʮ㡣
ԷСԺҲʯȻ˹ߵף˵¼ɸ٣
ʯȻ͵壬һԼߴ˼ʮưͻȻ˵κ˵ĵһӦǾϲǺ¡
һֵĳ嵱еĸоʯȻͷ
⣬ǡ
˵һЦ˵Ҫܸˡ㲻֪ϰˡ֮ˣβͻƵô˵
˵껰ϵľƺٴ·ûκһ
ƹɳƵɤٺһЦȴʯȻйëȻĸо
ʯٺ٣ͻƲģ˵𡾽֣ʵҸϲĽз
ʲôз
񹦡
񹦡ʯȻ죬ȻǸϵǾʫѹߣΪѡΪѡΪѡʯȻɫٿȻò԰ף˽죬ڶĺ塣
ԼֻǸΪµƶŮ
ʯծûˡƹ˵ʯȻȥ
ҪʲôʯȻϢ͵һһƻƹ֣
ƹȻ壬һɫǼһһ˿ҵŮһ̰ҪȡرҵĶ
ҪɱңʯȻãȻʵǰһб仯̫죬ʼŵĸо㵱ΪλҪҡ
ΡҲǾ㣬ǲҵĶ򻵡
Ҳͬ⣬Ҳͬ⡭ʯȻЪ˹Уͬʱȥ
޼ʮ꣬ܵģѾܹˣõõģҲѾõˡ룬øҸõõĻرʯȻĴʳԣ̰أ
쵰ʯȻ߶֣һƽâӿȻƹͱҵƴûƹסغˡ


017 
Ǻοأεһ˵
һɺϮ·ʲôѵʯȻȻֵȫһȭڰɢ
㡭
ʯȻٿȻѣԵʮǰĸ֣Լĵ֡
ȻľʯȻĴתӣͻؽһһĺϮ壬¶ϣ˲佫Լᡭ
ֲģԼ彩ӲоȴδԣܵţޱߵĿ־Ϯͷ
˻վһԵĻƹ˵ͽˣȥûҵĶ
һһһɫƵڵϣͷҲأ˵ӹˣӴԺʥšʮޡĹڵ֣ɡϷһжʮ߸Ҫջͷడ
ƹС򡱵߹л¶лȫ

ʯȻ֪λ˭ˡ
ħ䣡
Ǳ֮䡣
Ǹ˵һ֮ʹǧ͢ˮ˲ɥġħ䣡
һʹʶ𾪹ȵʯȻѣкھ类ȼĵݣѸٿήڡ
ħ
ħ
ƹűʯȻߵҪ˫ۣЦһ˵֪ô;һ֣һֵȫɣ϶֮ɲ졭ȻǳʮĵȴȻǷһлл㣬ȥˡ
ҹµġʯɽׯһƬлΪҽɽׯˡʯȻ𺣣һǧˣȫһ
ͬ飬ڴ֮ʱڣ½ϸضżзֻ˴ԶΪ˵עݡⳡ䶯ֵĴ£շʽ֮
ħŵļƻʵʩ˳ʮǰ㿪ʼ֣ڵȵȡɹʱˡֻǣû뵽ǣʹļƻҲܻг״

ӢͦƮݵķ󣬴ʱѪ˰ʮּϣ˫ֱ͸ǶεضסĿȫǣ˭ˣ޷ϳޱȡ֮ˣǡؾ½Сɡ֮Ƶķ
ǸѣȤֱʵķ󣬴ʱͬһһʮּϣһ˫׳ͷһԴϣһ˫۾ݺݵضǰ֮ˣĿܹɱˣôˣѱиˡ
ڷǰһҪӣһʮͷӢӡ
һӵаˣ޳ķĿŮӣЩصЦ⣬ᡣ
ӡ̵ģ۾˫κŮ˶Ϊ֮Ե۾޳ضᣬĹ󣬲κεĹԣʱɢ
²⣬ˮˣ׻᲻ŭΪ۾ָβܱŭأ
ÿĻ֣ʮעⱣԼ֣ŮӰİ𪣬ʮָ޳ҶԿ϶ǰĸټңҲûһ˫Уͬʱ֡
ģŮ񣬼˶̵ӡ
ǷΪҪõѣҪõӵĵز
Լ׿ڳϣôҲţǰԼΪ֪֮ˣǽԼݺģס
ĵˣԼµĵˣȴѡ
ҡͷЦһֱףҲ֪ģһΪʲô
Ħһ˫֣ʵ֣һķݶϣٴӦһ󡪡
ʼգĻﶼһ˿ڼظԼһԼϣʵǰƫƫѹӾһ綾߰ݵˡ
̧ͷʵΪʲô
չһЦʢ̫ıյĿռ䶼·
û뵽˵󣬶⡪ΪʲôεҡҡͷΪʲôҲΪʲôΪʲôЩ֮ǰҪҳԵܸıʲôıô
ֻ֪ΪʲôеĹִٸʵס
Цһ֣˵ðɣҳȫ㡪
žž
֨ѽŴ򿪣һֶ񣬽ڵʵʵӰ˽ǸŮӣǸԸеŮӣΪĶδ˵˫壬ϸ֫ʵβ޳Ĵȡ
ֻȫ̱ŭʴ
ܶԷû¶ݣϢ÷ǣϤĲϤ
ͷַ£һž¶˳
Ȼ˲伱٣ʹ࡭
Ů˲ǱˣǷĽᷢޡᡣ
ῴŷ󲻳εף˵벻ңǲǣ벻ûԶ߸߷ɣǲǣ
ض˵һ仰
ЦʵҲܹңÿﶼЩΪ飬Ǻ͹ңҺܺޣҺ޵Ҫ
ѡңõ˽
һҪ˵һԵȴҡָʸڷϣ˷֡ҿûҪ˽˼
˾㶼𾪵Ŀ
վ𣬻󣬱ǳ˵֣ǰʮĽ㣬㣬ΪʵǸӢۣԼ书ҲᣬΪӢΣֱ˵ż񡭡ڲŷ֣Ǹˡ
ĿѣһԵĶῴһЦӿ˵ԣ˵ûǸˡ
ƳŮһۣȻ§סļָǰŮ˵֮˵ֲǸˣ˵ȫ˽Ůˡ㿴λޣ绨缢ƿʡôؿշ֪ôϵҪıŮˣƯŮˣǱ˸ʣ˸Ҫ
ȻǿŮˣʵϣŮ˱˸ǿ顭ǸҪӣ˻ǱһֲֵҪǵѹΪӣκߣǿκγѹϡ
ΪʲôһΪ˺õΪԼӣڶΪ˵µǸֻҪŮ˾Ϳ԰ĵ߹һӡκһһ뿪㣬û뿪ҪСˣΪһڱĵطеһǮ˿µĶ۾ǵ塭ϲסľɫŮ
Ļ÷ɫɷףöϵЦݱǣǿ


018 إ
˿ֿ˿ᡣ
Ϊݺң
߻صߣ߱ʵȻǣŮ̫ˡݺ㣬ֻΪܳɫ
㼵ʣ
ϲһЦϲĶƻӦ˵ϲȫԡҲ಻٣Ψһһ㰮ðɡ
Ļ˷
ôŮôΧŶתȦһƷһ壬ŶǺǣҲˣ㲻ù㿴Ƥôۣôˡģô
³һѳŮϵĶʲôûУŮԸеȫ¶ڿУĺٿȻôء
Ȼͦأϲ˿ʱӣԼܽƺҲˣֻȴֱӣȻסǶ԰Ȼͦ˫壬̰ЦޱȵĶǵĸоôҵģҵġڣԲԲʹ⡭
˴꽿ͦ⣬Ůӳʹɵý
üһֱһĶ⡣
ˣô֪УĽֻڴϣװŮ˵ʹŮ˵ͷ˦˦ûҵǲԽеģĸڱԽˣ
Ŀѣŭȵס֡ҪԸң
𾪵ضŷ˵֣㻹Ƕӣ㵽ⲽأѵΪûйϵô
һ𾪣ܣҲϱңԲᱳҵġ
һ׳ա֪ĸױǵĴѪħġҪô֪ǼҵĲرģҪôץõ㣿Ҹ㣬ݺļƲߣҲģңֻհѡ
ŵؿǰǸİŮӡѹŽҪŭ𣬽ʵȻɱң㵱ΪʲôҪңΪʲôҪѣ
ǰ꣬ںڵ¾ȹԼġ
˷ܵĴһһ֣֪ô֪ôҰŵĵһϷˡ
˵㵱Ϸƭңûˣ
ˡҵȷˣҲȷðȵ㣬㿴һָһĿľ޴̺˵㿴̿ɲǼٵģһȷҪҵСǸҲûдֻЩΪ˽ӽҪĴ֪ôһ֪ƽһӽ㣬ֻʹֶΣȡΰ㿴Ҷ˵Σ֤ҵĶ˰ɣ
ݣΪ˶ԸңȻԼݶĺ㡪
ⲻкݶСžشһָ˵רҵ
ħ˵
ƺãҸϲ˳ΪߡǧҪǵŶ
վͻȻ¶ͷ·ͻȻʲô˵ˣ˸㣬ñɱǼ¡ҲҸɵġ
ıٿȻ̡
֪ôָסҴ÷ŵģӡ

еŭˣ˵ٴˡ޳ָѣ˷İۿؿ˳ûмԣҸ˵һߡ
Ƕ㲻ҵССͷֽе鶪ȾѪָڷǰϲ˲·˼΢Сһ㡣
Ĳҽ𵴿
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ȣȵȡ
ȵҸס
ףʲôף
֪һԸǼ˫һʵڲ
ʲô
书
书
ǵģû书δҪ书ʱ򣬶书̫ϣֵ㣬ЩЩǽӽ˵ģΪЩǲһ书ʱҪ˱˽ѵġ
Цˡ
˵ĺܶԣҺҪ书ôʲô취һʮ껹ͣڡڡ˱ɸô
ҲЦˡ
ȻС֪ҵĸǵĴѪħġҲ֪ǡؾ񡯵ĸ֣Ȼ֪Ҽ书̶ȡôҼҴ书ס
㲻ָҷɣ
ЦˣЦˣûЦ
Ȼǡ
ΪһΪһ֪²ɵ书ڵĿô
书Ҫϰãʣ꣬дɡ
ڴȤ
Ҫʲô
俴ԱһۣҪŮˡҪ
ЦˣЦˣȴûЦ
Ц
ͻȻ£ЦָŷЦұΪ˻̫˭֪ȴǸɵӣҸǸ񾭲
ָôҽأƾʲôҪҵΪԼʲôˣ
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ĶҹɢŨҵֲܰ쳣ʢˮ棬ֽӭһꡣ
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һںɫĹ˻߳Ӱ˧վͬһƬ¹£֮䣬˵ĲЭ
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ȻʧЦ˵˵ȥݣô췴飬ǡѪɷҲˣ
ֻǮ£췴£ǲ롣οħҲܴߡ
Ҳû뵽ȻǶˣˣԼȻǴެӦ
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֪Ҫɱ鷳ʵʱתһ¡
һֱȥɱȤĿģһܹɱĴˣܿ㡭
ŴҼıұ֮Ҹָ廨ŵļգɾǲϴ书
֪һţֻƭ˵ı£ûйѧĴУÿһǾ֣ΪĲǼȥƭһžѧʾǼƱ书Ҫô
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С
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һ
һֵǮ˺֣һʲôֵһ˵ġ
תͷ΢΢ЦǵģֵǮ

̩Ѫɵɵؿǰˡ
Լֻǻϼһˣôһ顣
ǰկĴկͨʬ壬Ѿ䡣
һڵԼǰȥǼӳݵһȻûеʱȡˮѣȴ·ӱߵԼ
ԷǰĻȻƶߡ
֪Ҫҵҵľ㣬֪˭ԸһҰ͸㣬Ҳǵóѣߣߡĺ书ķǧҪ
ʲôʲô书ڵǿ˱׷ɱˣ
̩չеľһƶŮ֯ͼչԼǰ
ߵļв֣书ؼ
̩һ˷ܣ벻дС˵еһĴ澭ҲԼϣѵע
ЩŤŤдɶ
TMDд÷Σֲʶ֡
Ҹŵù˽̸ҡ̩һתȥҲǸܰԼˡ
ôӦò̰ҵĹɡ
ǡ
Ϊʲôͨ⹦أ
̩һĴȣأɲоеġ
̩ͨʬ˵կ⸱͵ϳȫֵˣ˵ģҵȸϽߣ׷ʱܸû취Ϊˡֵ书ɣ֮󣬶ƣ㣬ҹߵסȡ֮ˣǸ֮ͽҲΪϱ𡭡ǺˣҿϾˣһ̣ҹ±үҲţȱҲûٸɡޣԲסֵϱˡ
̩һè˲ݴԣһͲӰ
˲ãӰ˹ͨʬ壬þò
ΪʲôҸٶ֣
ˡְ鲻ܣͨǰɱ⡭
ͨݺڵô꣬ʲôɱ֮ûôΪɱ
ְ
ҵԤ˼ѡȻղ롮ʮˡ֮ñʥѵ߰ɡ
ʧԭء


019 ٻ
ҶеġƶŮ֯ͼ˼
ô֪˶ã̩Ͳסǰʵ
켶Ҷ˵
켶ֱ̩ԼĶ䡣
Ҷ˵ͷǺ켶ٶȷǳ졭ԣӦ˵Źصٶȷǳ죬ԲǺ켶ŹȱҲǳԡ
ʲô̩ʵ
Ҷḧһ»棬üͷ˵ŹγɵԷǳ˾ǹˮһ㣬һѣˮһҶһ̯֣û˵
ô̩ɲʲô˼ʵڣ˵ǲᶮġ
ҶЦҡҡͷ˵ֵ̯˼˵ûˣˡ
̩˰죬ŻȻ
ŶֲǸͨҲԭ⹦ʱ򶼻߰鷳ѵ֮Ͳˣ
ѾĲ±ҶͻȻҪĸоTMD˵Դ󣬲˼˵Ҳ٣Ҳ֪˵ʲôˡ
Ҷ״ΣӶһȻһΡ
һ磬еֵСʿԼңһȻϼسаԼ񶷡ϽϾŵϳ̩
˹ŵȳԸеԼƹۣ;ϼسǵʱ򣬻רȥҹû뵽λڳ̫ǮԼܻϼȥˡ
Ҳǧô
ɷ߽塭
Уֱ˵в
ŶƲͷһɱˣӶһѴ˸⣬ż˶ɾҼĹײĶԤ룬͸ׯһǧӣһСúõİˡ
ŶҶЩȻ˵ǻƲͷҪݺԼôͬ벻ջˣһҶɱҶȻ벻ƲͷһҵʵǡϽһΪʳҶģȻҶɱеҲΪƲͷ˳ˡ
ǻһǧأҶʵѾˣλƢӶѴӻȥ
ʣµģҲˡ
ֵҶһ㣿һǧ
̩˵ͷϼǸɽҪɶûɶȻ֮󣬾ûɶˣ׵ƽտ࣬Ҳ塣ò׻˼ңţ˺Щȥʱ򣬰ţˣԼŻġ·ߣͨҲŵ⸱ġ
汻ʵ˴ˡòԼƵ·
һҹ¼ͷҶáŋ翸ϵͳšû뵽̩Ա·ظ켶ѧ
ѧľʵ̫޴󣬲ʺռ
̩չƶŮ֯ͼԥʵ˵ӦӦ书
ҶȻһЦ˵ԼﻹһŹڵͺ״ʮҴﵽԪ۷塣ŹֻҪʮʱ䣬ΪѸ٣ԴŵˡԪ޷ˣҪķŲпͻ졣Ȼ˵ҲҲпܸûн졯Ŀܡ
̩˫۷Ź⣬ۡԽԪΪⱲӶûлͻơ硯أᡮ쾳硯۷ˡ
̩תͷЦضҶ˵壬ܵôáȻԽԽáҵҲ֪Ⱳӿ컯ˡ
һ˵ţһҶļ򣬡ҵĻԵҾᣬһԤʾҪһҵҾ
˵꣬һδ˥ϣųЦþǽͷβĴƴ衭
ðɣȻˡҶָָ̩еġ֯Ůͼ˵ʱǵðǰ
Ϊʲô̩ʵ
֪ΪʲôԷһҪһô
̩ľȻҡҡͷ
Ϊ˿У̺ĳЩصʣʱʱĸаţûľ֮ʱʱʱиֻʹ߻ħǵָҪʱ䡣ǲԪ۷ʱҪʮ꣬ͿڴﵽԪ۷塭ԣͬŹ׵ģʮҪ
ԭô顭̩һ𾪵ؿġƶŮ֯ͼǿ񻰹³һ𾪣̫˼ˡͷ¿Խ
̩ŻСԺȥ֣󺰵лֵܣ̫лˡͷʱҸͿǼʵճɺóˣټ
ҶһߣȻǸ
磬Ҷ㲻ž˿ҿ㻹סڹаɡ
̩һ򣬲ˤ˸࣬𾪵ػͷʵ˵ģ
Ҷ˵ͷ
̩ٺһЦǾ鷳ϵܸϸҰŸɣҪϷ
ϣϷ
TMDǵۣǿջ
Ҷһš


ƣ졭
ģɫеƮ׹仨һɢϸ΢
΢ӹҡһشˮ
һСվһƬΧڴеĳˮһѻ
ƮĻ꣬˺Сӳϲʺĳˮ򻨰΢΢壬οؼһƬɫ
һ۵СֻʮҵģС죬Ǳã˳ˮӦÿԳùȥɣǳ˹ˣܼҶӸˡء
С￴һᣬ
СǰħŻڸݴٻȵ
ʱһСѾͷøˣҲøƯˡ
һ͵۾ᶨ˵ˣͿôһˡҪǿҪ֣һټҶӸġ
ԼԼһڳرϴ˰ת˿
ѽ
һٿȻ֣Ȼվһװˡ
ֳСѾͷĻǰ֮ˣķ绪ļˡ
ٿȻӯӯһݣʦ
绪ļˣݼȿƴعȵĻݣͬڻݵģϲʩۣȴһӺӺʣֻü䣬һɻⲻĳԹ
ӯӯڻеʯ֣ͬ˴ĺһ㣬ͷŪ½ǣߵߡ
ŮὫ˫̧һ䣬һΪ׵Ѫ۳ֱ֮ϣ˼صˡ
Ů𱸵⺢ӣʹ۸ˣΪʲôÿ㶼ʦȴҪһ
˵Ҳǣãûס


020 ѹ
⺢ӡŮշǳָСԴ֪˼룬ȴûǼҵͽܣôŮһ̾ȴ˱Ȼһ࣬ͽҲӣֻҲҪ۸
һʱΪ࣬Ůӵ䣬ҡεʦʦͽˣպһúϰ䣬ʦ
ŮһЦͽ֣˵С˵ЩĻʦ££ͷǵ˵ʦҲӣǻûãСǸҲˡ
˵ԳƻŮӣȻʣЩ˳
ʱֽţƴŶԷ֣˵ʦޣҪúϰ䣬֮󣬰ʦҵŮʦǰТ
齫СѾͷڻοĺ󱳣ԣǺǡǰҪðУʦǾͻįء
ҲԸʦߣֻҪʦңԸʦһӡ
бݣӣҾǰ㵱Ů

бǰʳй
ѹλȺɽ֮У֮ϣĴһƬɽ룬ﺣߣʱڣĴȻһƬסѹ֮أ࣬Ψаѩ¡
ģůģůųЩšԽྴమĻų뵽ħŽߵá
ôǷԵñůأ᲻۸˯᲻ỹ߱ӣû˰Ǻأ
ųǰģȴɽ⡣
£·ϣѩУһ˫ֺʲϵ桭
£ˣɰ÷
ɣ䡭
ʦٴһ
֨ѽƿʦ̫߳
°ˣ
ʦͽĬȻ̧ͷ¡
Ĺռˣ¶ţз顣
ɽߣԶĵطֻ¹ɾ
ʦ˵ʲôʱɽ
ճɣɽе似ѧöǺܺõģֻǷȱ򡣵ˡڡ롮컯ɽˡ
ʦҶòܴﵽ컯أ
ʮꡣ
ôãųüͷ
ѧһ;ĸꡣ㲻ƽľֻʮ궼δԸǡ
ʲô
ѹֶܹεȻǡޱˡ
ųʦϸҡֻҵʵͺס
ʦҪնħóʦȫ
նʦ̫̾ξΪʦ㣬ľպҲħǰ̡
ų޵ʦͽڡ
ʦ̫쳤̾ˣΪʦȫ㡭ɡ
ɽХ׷ףչ˼ؽһƬư̳ɵ磬˪£塢տա顭

ʱ⣬һš
Ҷʮˡ
Ǹкڳ˴ģ
ƹɽͱͤҶңؼһƬɫ泩Ѽ
ſε˲ұӵף̹ǰб޵˫üֱͦıһŻ΢죬ʱ̶һЦ⡣
һϮɫۣٸɵޣɫͷס٣˿ƮԺ׵Ŀ࣬һϻڱһ̵ľƺ«͸һƮݾסңɵɫԵôţôӢô
󣬻վһò˰ѹӡ
ǽˮ
ҶòӢˮòǾɫˡ
ʱˮ֫ȫж죬ṦҲó뻯ˣľԪϡޱʱ䲽ˡ컯ڣָտɴ
ˮһϮ÷ɫ䳤ۣǽ׵ⶼ÷һȣϾɫպüĴһɰ룬촽ˣɱˡ
ܵòҶҪˡֱڼҶĵЦһˮ
ǧҪֻϲŮˡ켣ƹһ޵ĵʿߣˮӦ˶òĵЦ
ҶٺһЦ˵ˣˡɽ϶˼ˣ߻Ҫܷͣġ
ˮЦ
ʱƹУӾʣ˺ɣʦʦ򸾣żʦֺʦ֣ɽѡӡҶʦ˵ּ⣬ǰʧ˿ȥһ⣬鿴顣
ү㲻ҰݸӸߴ͵ЩƵʵ
ɽϴˣһɽû¹ҶŰ£ȻԼɽЩơ
㷳ʲôлưͬʱɽ˼Ҷû㵹ȷˡ㡾ơôˣ
ǰҶõ̩ĺ켶ѧ֮ˡ켶ѧһᡱҶ㽫֮ǰõġȼѧһᡱõһˮƮǧġơ䴫ȻҲһݸ˺ִƵġ󡱡
ƷһףһΪɽһΪ족ɽҪǵϵƷƷĸݻ˼£һס족ҪṦ»
ǧųơˮƮṦ׿⡰족ƷżΪǿ裻ṦУרעڡɽƷʱѽƷ߰˰ˡ
үסơȫˣǻ򻹲㡭
ҶָָɽԵһ󻨸ʯ˵һҿ
ͷǣߵʯͷǰ棬Ҳ־һƣ󻨸ʯ˿δʯ֮ʱӲʯһӡ
Ȼһɢġơǡҡˡ
Ҷ˵ͷȻ˵ܺãһġơġɽʽǲˣȫաʽṦҪǿʲôģȥ㼸λʦ
ҵаҵĥɵ۷壬ͻơڡˡ
㼶ҲǹܹעĵձĵȼģҲֻƳ硢ƴϡƷˡЩеʱ䳤ԼͣеľרעǿˣеԸ߾Ը¡
ѧΪ㣬ΣϼȴǿڴˡΪġ˵ءǷϣѾﵽ˺ŵĵز
֮Ҷָˮ˼䣬ýˮƼϼسǣԺеٴӵָܶ㣬տá
һ˵꣬ߵʯ֮ǰһӣһƷḧʯ棬ˢصһʯۣǸӡʧӰ١
һٿĨƽӡĹö̾ѡ
ҶδרƷĿѾﵽԲתĵزˡ
һɽҶǰЯһ١һһһңͭǮ
תɣҲɽϣĪиټ
ҡָ𡭡
ҶһϮбϻͷңƮȻȥ
ɽһסƮ

л죬ݡ
ڼգ켦
ǧת·Իʯԡ
Ȫ⾪ۡ
꣬ˮ̡

ȥʱ
ҷŰ¹¼䡣
мɽ



021 
ѹҶѧΪˡ۷壬ȸȡ
Ϊšڤ񹦡֧֣ҶȫлͻƵԪԪ۷壬Ϊʵľϲϵṩ˹ڵĽܳӣмλʦ֡
ڤ񹦡Ȼħ̵ġħа֮𣬲Ϊ˾٣֮ǻöԷľ΢ǱһڻһҪʱĵָܻſͷʱڣľϲҲŹܹ˴εնѣõĽϲ˵ġ
ڳʦոͻơԪ֮⣬ļΪʦֶǡԪĴԲ磬Ϊͻ죬ڻظԼ
쾳磬ȻҪҪľϵĸ򣬺Ͷ֮䡰⡣⡰ǴȻԶبеĹ
Щأҵ̺֮ԼѧһԼڵУһöӣ˵ĺɺ죬֮ǳˡʣµģǶ֮׳Լ
Ȼһʱ䣬ƹ۵Ķǲ඼˸ѧƿʵȷŻʱѾչ֮İ취ͿͻƵˣҪǸǴԳػɽŵĺɣĶӶѡɽ˼ĵӣһͬɽ
ͬʱ˶ջɽͥļƻҲڿʼʵʩ
ҶǱɽݰ˿˽ġ
Ҷһ·Сٽϼ֮󣬴˳ݸصһ·˳͢ݰ˿سǡسǡ
ǰûվ֮Ĵˡ
سǣݸصͨСǣΪٽҵݰ˿ñϵܿᵶལĽʿеʱз
ٸԽʿǷε̬ȡ
ҶһǣǰĴ·ϣȻºڿ⺷󺺣׷ŻµĺӿɱºһĵˣƴӴܣѪ˰֣һջûѶˣ˴ֵУҵٲڲԶۿһֱż˴ȥ˳ʬ
Ҷҡͷ̾ϢĽͷѪϦ
ҶĻسǣһ·ĲأȻڻʱ֣һ·ҶЩˡ
ʱڣǴĵĺʱƵ磬ů͸ϡƲ㣬ϣһĸо
ڻسĴϣȥҵݰ˿ȴڵ˼ĻƽСһķ
Ҷؽй䣬Ҹľ¥ԼĶӡмǮҶ˵ǲĶӣôܵί
Ĺ֮ʣͻȻһңһŭʿֶ
ģʿбһ·˦űȺΪĶ鿪·ж֮ܲˣȥǼӣƤԽͣ
ҶԸ£ֵַɢһߣźĶ龭
ӳģǵǰʮʿţһʿǻɫʿϹãڶҵ˫ִ󽣣ֻ컭ꪣÿž˲ͬɫǻҡסڡƣպۣͬʹ֪Ǿĳսͳս
ʿ붼СΪݣɱڣϾܿЩ˾ս̵ľ
ôʿǳ͢ݵı߾֮УҲѵһģôῴѵصĸأ
ʮʿһ˶ȻѵһİǰҲаƥţһˮĸͷɫûһëëƣͷҵĳĹСǡ
ƽǾԣ
ǱȺ۾Ըѵõı⣬ƽǾԡٶ죬ܹȥ·һһץһƥ޶ֵʮοǰƥĿǧľɵһسǶ´ࡣ
ǰֱɫʿֱ˫ʹ󸫡
ǰʮŷֱŰסҡڡơࡢɫҶüͷһ壬˵򱱽͵ġݶʮ
˵λ˵򱱽µġݶʮҲ硣ֻϽɾȨ꣬һֱס嶼еĸۡУʮδ뿪һܳɣ
öȥưĳĿջϲָֻԭ֡
ԶԶǴͬһĿջҶһƲ죬˾䡰Ǯ˶ɧٽѰ˸Ʋľ¥˽ȥ
СͻȻһһ̬СʿҵæҶڶ¥ֿһˮ̺ʮܵ
Ҷ徲ܿٽֵķ羰ɵõͷʾ⣬˵СһЩӣЩƲˣʵС磬ʴﵽݰ˿سǣҪϼգ
СӣüЦλСǻǣǱʯأֻһʱ䣬ĺܣ˻سϱߵĶ룬㲻ô̫ƽˣȰСһ䣬ȥǱߣýУ˶ΣգǰүүǿҪǮҲҪġ
Ŷǿ
УҲֹһء
ô
ˡɱ˲գ۵ġСӣС˵˵üɵĵ໥֮䶼ϵеľݳƻϽйᣬǡиʲô˵ǡ컯ĸˣɱһٷˣû죬λʬͱǹ˹˻سǵĳſˡ˵׺ݡ
Ҷһٺһ֣ͷлϽйصĵˣ̫·ˣ֪Ͻɽϵʵأ֡
컯֣
ޣھһһضϡϽͷ죬ıʤ¸ȵСආ
л˵СһᣬԼСС˱Ҷһ߶һĵؿŽͷľɫ
һᣬһԷ糾͵ͣҶע⡣
һֵͣµϿأʵʼ仪ޡϡ˿ɵ˿Ǹ͢ıݵλԲһŷҶֲϡ
Ҷ÷ʵ͵ĲƳɵ·е벻߻֮أȻ
ֻʱˣɫǱƼݣ·Ǽ춼ûгԹһ㣬·Ͽһ̯ӣֱˮ˿ǸС֪࣬ʲôȥȴ̯һٳͶӶݡ
Ǹֻʮ塢С࣬һıԹ֮ɫ˵ҡү˵ʲôҪΣѣȴ˲Ʋ¶׵ĵϵӣС͵˸һֲʣͭ嶼ûˡ
㻹˵Ǹʮˡȥ͸СһΪϡܼȣΪʣ㣬Ϲ԰ڣҾǼЩӣƱͳ㶼¡סһŲ㡭
СƨɾͶһš
ϣүʡɡūŶûˡСҲ㣬ֱһƨڵϲˡ


022 Դ׶
λү쳤̾˵ǲģûûоΣѵʿأ
䣬ͻȻһϮ͵һžؽ˸ţչһǿŻס
˭ϷŪ
һ̧ͷ·һ¥ĶλãһСʿЦسԼ֣λ̨òʲףСһڴ˶Ȥβ¥Сȱˮء
үϵСһСģжĶ˳
ûϢ߳Сһ˫ֱȭϹһ˵λˣƼˮ꣬񡭡
˵ʲôҶһԷȶӻҪҪ϶ԷЩʶҲˣ˴ֹѺβ¥һ𡭡
ҡҪٴδͻȻһε
ˣԺˡ
¥˵
Ͷ⣬һ·ϵö¥˸ղźԼĵʿ˫һ¥ϣһ¥֮ʱѾԷݲһ˫öԷףȲ
Ҷһ׵ң֮硣
ֹ򣬵δһ˵ʣܸСʿȣǹңԵõĳ֮ˡ
λ̨ãСƹҶռλ̨ȲĽʶðȻ룬ͻ֮¡
Ҷһ˵ǣзִ磬˱øС
ȻԸۣԱžܾ룬ԼûǮƣߵ塢֮װʶĵ̣ѵһӳԲõس˼ҰʳֻǴʱҶݲף˼۽ԼҲ˼ʶ⡣
ֻǴʱԼǱϣЩĥ
λףĽύֻǡ
ҶٺһЦĵֻǶûǮԼûˣô
Ȼ̨ĽύβºȱˮơСýύѣȴѵ̨ԵġСֲ赭дպ̨ҪдҰ
Ҷˬı֣ý˶衣
ԣռҶѵıˣҼӱǣαŤŤС
һ֣ʩ˵ˣСܻ̫㽻λˡ
úúãλСֵأ
ǸСæ˵ҽСӣҼүĸ࡭
СӣȤ֡Ҳ£
Сһ㶣Լүү˵ͷ˸߲ҵ
ҶȻЩظҲ飬ǽˡ
ģĸӵܵѹӡŮȹӵϷ룬һˮ䰴ƵؽύҲһٷѣܳʲô
ҶõС׼꣬һƣ˼ľƲˣ˿Ժ
ͣǶüˣҶҲţŶ̻ʣǸ̫ãȻųжȣз緶ŷ磬һĳģǸྪ˵СӣҲڲ¶йأҲû죬ë
̫֪ǺͶ֮䣬ǴӹӴĹȻѾ񣬵ȻΪλߵȡ
ԱߵССӣСӳõƯǸо̫һЩЩǵġ̼ࡱ̫ء
ţ
е˼
Ƭ̣ҶͶٶȿʼ֪Է΢Щ㿪ʼġ
Ҷ죬ϵرغһЩûõĶƬؽЩԼ飬˼£ҳһ˫֮ľһӾˡ
ڣҶʵָղŻ¶һְҼֵ֣Ӧ൱ɣ
̫΢΢һЦǼԶء
ҶôԶأղԼһǡָͨ˵Ҳܱ׵ķֻ֣¶ԷҲöԸĺء
ո˵ƹ۵ĵʿϼصƹۣ
ǡСûߵĵۣм֪ϲðġ
̫ɫ棬Цû֪γ͢ƽѳǵ˴󹦵ģշͱ´
㶼֪д󱳾ŪйĹϵȻԵСҲС̫Ƶء
ƹλħʵ֮ͬģ
ҶЦӿ佱ˣƽ֮Сûв룬ҵʦģãȻ֪ͬŶѡ
СҪȥεأ
Ҫʧ˿һ
棿ЩĻ̫ԴϲͶҲҪȥʧ˿һ⣬ǵǽΣ
Ҷһȣе̫ˣд⡪
ҶҪ˵ͻȻ¥ݴһ죬һ˵´󺺣Ŀ׹ؿΧһۣҶϺݺݶ˼ۣҲһС겻ģ㶼ûзϻһᣬִ¥±һСƲ֮ˡ
ʮ塢İŮǶޢ껪ûòʮƣһ˫̥һ¥ϸˣپǰһĿ⣬ͶڶŮϡ
Ҷͻ̫һŲš
ŮģǶüɨʩۣ֬ͨһС죬˫Ĵ۾Ĵת˵ķǧס
ˣŮɵľݣȥƵġ
ӵģߣݸߣ̬ͣһ¥ĿҶͬĻ̫ϣһɨӣһЦŰݡԿЩֶΪע⣬־öᣬֿ϶òȥмһˣȫδϡ
˶Ƕʮͷ꣬ǿ׳໹ΪӢԳ䵱ŻʹߵݣòŮֺ֮¡
Ů¥ϣԶΧĿⲢ⣬һλЦݸòŮλݸ߹˵ͯ壬ɣҸطգ¥⣬治أ
ݸߣ̬͵ߵ˵ͷδ𻰣Աһʿ˵λã˶࣬Ұ㽫˺߱ǡ
һ仰ͷﶼ¶ɫ¥ϵЩŭ
̫ĿˣЩȻ˵¥ĻҲ֪֪޳ܡ
겻֪ŭ˼ңǵ⣬ԱһӶһۣսζԣһ˫۾Ĵɨ䣬Ŀ׹ⱬ¥ʳͣƵһ֮£еһ㣬Բɾ㤵ıܿӡ
Ҷ̫ͷˬֶ꣬Ϊ˲żǮǣһ٣ЩݶƲͷȥǣҲϿǸ
ֻǴʱҶ̫λãƫŮ棬˫һ̧ͷܻ࿴
ʱҶԺľƲˣ½ϣ̫˶ȴƤҲδŮһۡ
ҶһȾƳԲˣһ˵֣㷹֮һͬѰջסýЩҲһͬȥ˿֮ء
̫΢΢ףЩж˵áֻǡ
ҶȻ֪ԷֻǡʲôֱӴӻͳһƱһԻڿԵСӣСʶؽӹһһԼҭһһһһ
̫Ҳû뵽ҶͻȻӹôƱ˵Ҷ֣⣬Ǻ⣿
Ҷһھƣ˵ɣ֮ͨ塣Ҫ˵Ǯǿ㡭ѣҲ֪㲻Ǯռˣ㣬ͷӱҾˡ
һ仰˵û̫жѣǸˣҪ˵ʲôǮǮĻŪ˵ͻᷭҪǰ˵ܣӣǮǿǿ
̫ǴģȻ֪Ҷ޶ȵع˼Լ棬ҲȻܣӿ϶պҪӱ
˵ͻȻͬʱоĿ⿴˹̧ͷ֮ʱϵλŮԼעš
ҲѹˡҶͻ̫ټĴ˧磬һƮݳһӢǼ˵ӡ
֮ģ˽֮Ůˡ
飬ֹ񣬶һЦСŮͷʾ⡣
ԷҲһ㶣ŵЦһ£ͷʩ
鵽Ҳ£˭ҲǾԵHڹϷչʲô顣
ֻ˫һۣȴ˶ϣһŮΪԼʱŮϵüȥǱŭ
͵һӣصһ죬һ
ĸ۵С˵ҳǰҵҵ湴ģϷҸŮ
һϷҸŮҶƶˣǾ䡰ġôǶ԰Ůһ仰ȫɫ
ݸŭһ㵱ȴٽİŮקס


023 ֽѵ
ǽһҶƶɫû˴𻰣ϵС͵һӣˣĸ۵С˵Ҽүǰҷͣ徲
СѧĽȻѧΩΩФէһΪһ顣
ȫһ㶣ŮȴһЦ˳
һЦɾһǶЦûˣ˫۶վܵǺ˵ʲôҽͷҰͷ
һ´˹
ҶβǣžƲˡ
顭
һε
Ѳ֪ﲻã׷׽뿪Է꼰㣬СҲ߸һɶ
ֻʣ¼ǽʿǲµˣԶԶأһϷı顣
Ҷľ֮ǰ߸´˳չγɰΧ֮ơ
Էû֣ǰ˽Ϸ롣
һͽϴԼʮ䡢һ̡ò׶ĺĿ¶׹ĵ˫ִߺߣõģӷһ㣬ʲôطݵ񣿡
˫һΧ۵Ľʿһ£ոջͥ￴ֵˣɢ˸ɾ
ΪģֻΪǡ˫ͷʵ̫Ժա
׵ɱǡʮɡͬڵҲԼıνġһ˫ȡνġһǡݵġɽǡպյġԵڡʮ֡Ǻڵһ֣µһ˫
˵ݵġ˫ݵġʮӥֵˣ֮䱤Ծ롰ʮӥչ۷һǡʮ֮һλʮλȡǡȡɹȡ͡޼ȡ
Էڳ˫ͷˣǴԴС־ܵ⣬öķ¡
ֶֻĺպǰλϾ㶼ûô̫͸һЦζԡ
Ҷ΢һ̧ͷ˵˫Ǻǣôͷλ֣֪ڸλΪξԣ
˫ĿһɣϿվүûйǱȥҼүͶλߵͷĵˣҼүһģһֻ֣˰벽ȫû
ҶһȻβһԵĻ̫ɫΪѿ˹˵ߵͷ⵹ʣֶӱϥΨְͽ᲻ϣôߺߣ¼ҹؿͷˣûмǣǣүȴû¡
ۡ˫ڵ֡Ϊ˫ʮ˺ִ¡֮һԪڵˮƽ⽭֮ϣҲ˵һ˵˫ΪͣҪǶһţسҲòһȴİ곰Ụֻ̄뷢š
С
һȣ˫һգֱŻ̫
Х֡ʹƾΪء
̫ϣһЦƽһðһȦһӣƣȻƫһԣš顱һԱߵһľӣѱķѡ
ͣвס͵˳ȥԱߵС˳һţϣٿշ˳ȥײԱߵϣˡͨһأʱ˹غ«
ʣ´ͬʱȻɫ䣬ɱȻҪ֮ʱСһȣٿȻ˫ʮ㣬Ȼһֱ˹Լ´󺺡
ԷæӦԣһʱС˲ȭѹסˡ
һ֮󣬴ŭ˳ҶҶ΢΢һЦŵڵ󵯳ײȲദ˵ʱվסǰҶһðѳ͵תԼ˵ĸɫ࣬ز𣬳εأҶֵȻ£ƺ̫һ
ҶתơѾޱȣ֮
ľĳξȻΪҶעδѷֺҶþ֮̾Ϊֹ
Ҷֺɣڹؼʱ̻ǴģĵΪЩˣ֮ա
ͬһʱ̣Աߵһ´󺺣̫һѻ;âҫǡΪټ
̫΢ӣȻʩʩȻҶľˮֵٿ죬ޱȵĴ뵶â֮Уһץס˶Էĵ
´һѱУԷסɵһ𣬼ȴڵϣѹһɽƵģ˿á
֮࣬ʱԱһȣӵԾһֱȴ˳ִӵϳһͭʵĲЮźХϮȻλĻ̫
̫Ĭһǽʵ壬Ȼӯߣȵһƣʱա
ͬʱһԵҶȻţȻһָһһϡһϵĲٿȻ䣬˵ĹΪ֮⡣
ڲ豭ǰҶԽż𣬰Ȼ䵽Ϊϸİһ㣬˵ľ֮һ֮
̫ҶٺһЦɫĽиֵһ´󺺵ظ֮䣬ͬʱɿ֣ǳֵ´⣬ûס浹ڵϣλǽŵ£˵ͷһ˫ƵļƷֵĵϣȻӡһӡ֣˵ĺš
ת˲֮䣬´󺺾Ҷ̫Ȼ֣Ĭո߾Ͷ֮䣬¡Ųһ˫˻һʱ
ͬʱһ
ǽŵɫĽ֮࣬ЩϷʵض꣬ζԣŮȣ
ΨݸǵߣҶͻ̫˱ֳļգƵƵͷһۿ󱳱ļƣд󣬵ȴᡣ
ԷǸӲӣһʱʧܵԡСӣֶԼ֮˴ȤֻؿһӲӲضסϢһŭȼֱԺ
˫ƣŰ裬һʱ档һʱ̵֮סȵС
͵ϯǰˣһ䳤ѵС
Ļ̫ǰֱۣ˶ԷǰͻȻдʺЮ֮竣ϾӵܣһֹȻͬ졣
һȻŽ̫һбڽ£˼Ϊݶ
̫ʼտԷ˳ۣʱԷֱҪԼأ߳ŭŶԷĽƣһۣȻһбɱ֮
Ҷüͷһ壬լʺһ治복汻ɱһҲ̫ױ¡˫УһɵĲƬָͨޣָһһƬײڳĽϡ
¶˾δüӦһӴ
һ𣬳ײ֮һɾؽϣ͸ֶ룬ؿ类׺䣬ƺһȥ
ॡһоֳΪء
һӰһһֱλϵ˳һѷס˳Ǳ˵ӣ˫۾䣬ζȻλϵˡ
Ҷ̫ˣɫȻƽʣƱͬûһ㡣
СӴƽֵ´󺺣һܴ죬ΧСӣϵԱߣ˶ԸһС㣬ù£ѿʱҪ¿Կֻһ͵ģҪģҶˣҪ̻һ㣬ȴҲǰˡ
˫һʱμңΨ֡ʱǿ಻ԡ
Ҷֻƽƽһ˲ʵ϶ԷָǳʱԼǹͷѣѶ֡
ǶԷһ޿ɿɭɱѣ٣ȫѪҺƵģӶ֮·ȫ岻ҶֺֻԼһȻԷһȻֶ֪ʲôԼΪȻڽӡ
ҲãҲ˲ãһʱѿԳ֡
Ҷʱ鼫ƽܻ̫أֶθʱԼȴʮֵĸڹȥʱڣԼǱ֮ܽǰĸ־κ֮ȫͻơ
ֳ֡ڡԪĸ֣ȫԼĶˡ
Ľɷ˵
Ǿ档
˲ϵΣպͼս־ģκﶼһ塣
ҪǣΪҶΪĳǿԼʱˡʶܶĦڭǾġʶ֮ȫ汬˼ΪءеĴ졣ÿಫʱԼҲܸеԷص仯
޷͵£ֻܹ鹦Լ


024 
Ҷ˾޴֮⣬һϡ
书ȫڽӹС˵ейԼЩѧ˽⣬Ҳȫ鱾Ӧ֮ʱ˼άЩ͹̶ԼʱľҶѾȫѧڻͨʹ֮ʱԭ÷Χ֮ʱĿ͹ʹãȫܳɷơ
ҶǸ֮ܽˣ˼Ҳѧÿ˽һΣҶ似㾫һ㣬ڣÿÿʽԵʱƣķӳʹ֣ҶҲڶԷʧʹ֮£Է㹻鷳ҶҲöִһֶΡ֤켶ĸ֣׽Ӧ
汻߷ס˫ĿȴΪؿһٶ£˵
һߣȵۻЩ
Ӳ˵Ǽ´󺺡
ԸԷһɣʱԼ˴ˣﲻҶһ࣬һ죬ڻſڵϵһţ󺺲ηվͬæ˻صһȥˡ
˿һŭĳһۣԿһԡ
òǵһȭҶºÿ֣벻ȴ˲¶࣬ҵȵǿ֪λǰ׵ĸɵӰСС֣ͣΪˡ
ҶĿĹˣ¥ϣһƬģаӰʳǣ赶Ūɱ棬ŵ֮󼪡
Ҷٺһ֣ͷҲһ˵λǰ˵ЦˣƶɽҰ۵ӣǰ׵ӡֻλ̨ͻȻ֣ҵǿԱˡ
̫ԷҲ˵ݻӵܣвӪһЩ⣬Ҳǰ׵ӡ
һԷǰ׵ʿȻЩڵĶͷɫɵöһһƽɵϴЩЦ⡣
ֻҪԷǰ׵ӣǱ㲻ֵƴοȻͲ󣬹ȴΪʵ󳤱ҲǲáȻǺڵ棬ؿκ˵ɫ£ԽǺڵ֮ˣ켣ԽҪ档ݱܵ͢ѹ֮ȫܾǽӴԵٲãУ۶İɣڰ׵ĴѹڵӲ£׻ҷ
һ׵ɶ̫ô򽻵ڵɣԽǴɣԽҪύѣάɵĴں
˫ɽжеĺԴڽŰĺڵɣʵ̫ࡣȻЩŴҽֺڵҪ˵ˡ
ݸҪϢ˵̬ȣ˸ղų˴ġ˫ˡ
㡭һԵŭȴҪȴһִϡ
书ߣһʱزеĻȨȡޡ
չһЦҽܵϷɹȳһƽһָλ˫̥ãλҶɹȹ׷Ů
ҽá
ҽٻ
һƽһܵСŮԼԼÿɰδͻĸо
̫ʩ񣬶ҶȴЩȤغȵƶλŮ
һ̲סЦ˳Сʿһ˵ЩЦĻ˷Ȥ
һƽܣλṫӣҽܵɽϣλֲ֡
Ҷƶֻ
Ƕɹȳһƽһָװﷺ࣬͸׵ĳ棬˵λǴġ˫ɵĶӳүҶˣʢոնᣬе֮λ
˼ҴŴΪҶƶ˻ܲĲɣæ֣Ҫ˵ԱߵĳϢƨĸҪɹȵϹˮС˵ҳ滹ùұиֵҪȡ㹷
澹Ȼһ仰㽫ڳ˶˸⣬Ƕɹȵһƽˣ֮Ըֱ޴ĵز
ž
һ޴Ķӳ˳ϣ˶÷˳ȥһڵϣͷ
ү
һ´󺺻æ˹ȥѾɵĳ档
òǵһƽڱŭȵ㡮˫ô֪ôҵ涼ҴСУ̥ëû˾ҲҸҽϾ
ϲһƽȻ˴Ƣ벻Ǹ澹ȻƵ˵ز治ǱĶӵܣʱ޷ܵĵز
һƽֽѵ棬ֻδǳֻƤϵʹѣ˻ѵġ
ֹסɪɪ壬ָһƽ˺ȵҴңҴң۸ҡ˫ֲߣúúãϹǿϣһֱҲš
㿴ҵӣŮеĽô϶ԷĻ˵壬ǵҵӦǿڡ˫һ·ϲûƽϣڷãĹȡ
һٻҲʮĮĶԳ˵ҽĻôҸ㣬һûзƢǰϿЩǹȥ
Ҳû뵽ǰ⿡ξ׵ʿ˵˵Ĳء
С󣬺ʱܹίСˡ
ӰһͲסĻ̫Ȼ֣ӰûǧϮ򳵻ˡ
һƽһæɡ
汻һƽһͳɣҶ˲Զ֮Щ´󺺱ͽ䱸ļˣʱʵĻ̫֣֪Ƕ֣ΪԼӣΪѵ˹ȥ
̫˫ͬƼһ㣬ڶƣ׼ȷץס´󺺵ĺ󲱾˲ס˶ԷţѸٽֱ̫ǣҲһӣӰطҶ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˫̽մ󺺾ܼȻҶεץס˺󲱾֮ҶûǿסԷţȴ͵תڤ񹦡ǶԼ´󺺣ȫӿԷͬ˪ӣȥҶҲԱһ˴Ĵ˽ġ
նˣǱ߻̫Ƕ˶Ҷٽӣٶ⡭
һ׼ȷٵؽһ˵Ⱦ˴⣬ֱһ桭
濴ǰһĮĻ̫ɫ󣬿ȣС֣TMDĸңҡ˫ɱȫҡ
̫âһ˵ɱȫң㡮˫û
һ˵꣬žһͣسһߵҲ׳ͷһףҶǽ˳֣һӣɣȥ
Ҷһ̾TMDٸ徲ˡ


025 ޼ɵ
һƽĿɿڴؿǰӰһڿն𣬱ǽ̫궪ڴƵ׵˿УȻֱСʿһӣһһĶ˴ϡǳ澳ң˴ͷһ˳ȥҲãζ˴ˣպûپԼҵСˡ
һƽ̾˿ǰʱĻ̫˵λɲΪ˫
̫ȻһЦ˵ǰģͳֻɫڡ˫ҲûʲôԵǳԾ⣬һΪͷġں졮Ԫĸ֣ٺ٣֡
һƽһ˵ͷ
û˵󻰣Ԫڵʵղǧ򻯰似սԪ۷ĸֻ֣ѧǺأôԼȫûӡ
һƽ̾һ˵ֻҪʧˣΡ˫ĴӸ֣ҷϳϵˡ
Ҷɫ
ɣ
ӣ
ʲô

Ҷ˹ʵʲôӣɲڡ˫ʵţ߻֮ʲô
Ҷһʣһƽ˷ˡ
һֱ˵ɽμҵĴӶɻʵʲôѵλǳʧ˿СһΤЦΤүٿġᡯô
ΤЦ죿
᣿
ʲô

һƽһһ֪ĳմģ֪˴ʷᣬȫ֪ϱɵһЦ˵λ֪ᡯȴٴᣬ֤λߣλûס޵ĵطҼջúһġ
Ҷ̫һۣһͬͷͬ⡣

سǣһͨСջ
ɹȲƴֱ֣ӰջʱҶΧڶ¥һ̸
ԭʧ˿УµġһΤЦүӣһֱǿƵֿ֣棬ڼӴ˶˿Ͷ룬ֲˣΤЦѵľ棬ľ֧һֱŸɵǿάֵľ棬ȻΪ͢ġ¡תɵӷ׷ױټأʧ˿еľתֱ£βֹۡ
Σ֮ʣΤүֻһֱôԸĺڵʿټЩʧ˿ɺڵˣ壬ΤүӾȻó洫޼ɵԴΪٿһ조ᡱʮµΪȡ
ΤЦүĿʮԣֻҪ˵ԸԸԿ֣Ϊö޼ɵмǿ˻һƣҲǷʱ򹥻ĵ
˵ΡᡱҪĽƷ޼ɵ
⡰޼ɵ֮һ
ϼҩһöߵʮ꣬һӡ
޼ɵԹű
ǰ½֮ɿɵɵδɣݴطǰɻҼɵʮĿţ̫ӷŶУŭɱʱҩʦʮʮɵȴʹշתഫڵõ֮ͻ֮˵еȶ䲻˳ÿʹһӡ
ǣ⻯˾綾ʮö޼ɵֵķᣬڶֵָôһȷѪꡣ
ͬǰǳֻУһλٵá޼ɵطԴΪ޼Ϊ޼ʦ
޼ɣشҩܡ෱࣬Чˣ޼𣬵ƵĵҩȻܵУͬȼĵҩЧϣȻ޼ƵĵҩЧɡ
⡰޼ɵ޼Ϊֱ֮ɵΪΣĲϹϡ棬Ҳֻ¯ֱΪʦƵһ¯ʮһţʦƵһ¯õʮšʮĿš޼ɵ
ڳ֮ͻ֮δõʮö޼ɵ޼Ϊ֮ںѰó֮ͻ֮
ֱ޼ʮʥԯ޼֮ʱµõ֮ʮö޼ɵɡ˾̫ˣȺۿӣ޼һ㣬ǿʮö޼ɵʧ
ʱǴ˵еȥ꣬޼ɵٴһó֮˵桰޼ɵٴֵӡ
ΤЦ첻˵ǣ˲ǣʱóö޼ɵֻΤүȫû˰취ųô⡣
һƽ٩٩̸˳Ĭж˼ǧ
˭һöϼҩġ޼ɵ֤ԲʣµΨһĿģγɡӡ졣
öҩּͬΪҪ˶ֳ֪򲻵ѣ򲻻ԳԵҩΪٴĵҩҲʣҶǻھڵʣֶӰ칦Ļۣųʵʱõ֮ûʲôҪҲãԻǲֵҩġ
ֲһڲ֮ʱؼ壬һε֮׵̥ǵҩγɵʣųһ󲿷֣Ӱպ
ΤЦүӲŪôᡱĿıµˣʱүʩԶ壬ܲȡһЩſͬԸֱ֡ԻɱΪĿֱӶԿ塣ֻһֱͬӽսʱɾǺ·ˡ
˳ĬҶм벻ԼȻڻԵɺ֮ȵĺ£ܲȡʤҲۣǲܲУ֣պȻڲѡ
һƽ˿Ҷ̫ˣ˵λͣһ׸ԣһ£ԶλԲⳡʢᡣ㲻ܶȡɵԳô˻һ±£µſúýʶһ˵ʵһҲǷҼҹ֮λСʶһ⵱ֵģڹĿһС
롰ᡱ
Ҷ̫ͷһ𣬶֮ʱԷеĿ֮顣
ʢᣬɴ
ҶȻʵ֪βʢֶЩǺǣᶼǳķϲİɣ
ᵽ棬ɵöһЦ
һƽ˵֪˴εῡܣ治ģӦˡ
ˣ
һƽһ˵һǱڤһеĵһ֣ڤ
Ҷһ벻ԼһģʱʱԼΨһӡ¼֪ͯɵѹ
ڶˣݡʮӥٱСӥչ𡣡
ӥչ۷ɵİӣצṦ³ƾ
˺һʱô
ˣԽĽġһɽׯǶׯĽĹӣ˳ơС񡯵ڡ

Ȼ
һΣ˶ܱƽ㼸֪֮ˣ⼸ְڳʱҲⲻ˳̾һ
ڤչڡ
Щֻһĸ֣ʮǱʱľ֣ΪǱʵǿԺգǿЩôﵽĵز


026 ҹ˼
Ҷƽ
⼸Уûһ֮
ڤʮһʱǡ컯ĸ֣ΪϰͯҶϢʱ֪ɶôѹܺΪˡڤ񹦡չѸ٣ȻѲʱλڤүԼѹǵõ󡱵ĸ̫ΪƷõˡĳƺţ
չ𣬡ӥչ۷ɶӣӥȲƣݳλСӥ˸֮磬ΪȴΪ복竲ͬչСڵϳ󣬳˼̳ˡӥϺ书⣬û̸˿ʮһһĮ׷ɱõˡɰҹأƨɺȫǡɰͷʮݰǡ¥гԺֶ֡Σɢͽ𣬸ֵǷʮֱȡˡǡͷǮծ񣬱켫ǿҲֵ
ڣµһĽֶӣһɽׯׯĽĽ塢ĻֵܣˡµһĽׯ඼ʶʮʵΪׯĽĹӣΨһһжС㱻ˡһɽׯļ̳ĽСָ㽣书뻯ʵʵ죬Ҳںһӵ»Ǵ˽˼ǿʤ֮䲮һΪǿҡ
Ǳ֮ʱλеκһ˽Ǻǣһ룬ҶСֹѡ

سǣһջ֮ڡ
žӣͷһ͵ŭա
Ѿҩҩɢ⣬ɢϵĴʹȴɢеĳޡ
ԽԽеŭȴԽԽ
٣үȻ֪ŭգӲͷƤǰ
ž
һͳϣָӡ͸˳
쵰СֶԸˣү裬˵˫ôﻹʲôô
ֹ̿򵹣˵С˰²ܣү𷣡

һ߷ڽвġ֡Ǳһԡ
ôδԼ淴ҸϢ
ͷү·Щ飬Щʱգνӵɸ봫飬Ӧûʱ㵽سǣүָүȴж飬Ҫ׽ʧ˿
ŶΪʲô
үû˵Կ϶ǣʧ˿֮Щȫʲôģȴδ˵
һ㶣źٺһ֣˵ҵôɲ࣬Ҫȥĵطе˼ɹȡǰӻ쵰ظˡ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬ʵǸҲһô
һ𣬵Ȼ֪ү˭˵ҲˣүһûүͬУԼ̣ʱѾ˰˿֮ˡ
뵽ǸԼһӵˣ˴ʱ裬ҧгݵϣЩȤ飬Щء
Ρᡱ䣬˫ֶˣɳĸ׳ɴ죬һ·ݸ
ʱδݣΪ׷󡰶ɹȡλС㣬һֱУɹȡϾ롰˫żΪҪԲδͣͬϢɹȡʱ׷ŮϼСһͬǰϽõĳȻһͬ˹ҲΪʲôֻһԪڵ޸ֵԭ

һƽ˰˿Ϣ֮Ҷˣϴ˸ˮ裬Իطڴ֮ϣ˫ۣϢһϢġ˫˵ԻΪڤչУɵ־һ㡣
մһƽЩʧ˿Ϣɵøпǧ
ʧ˿ľԶԼеĻҪӣɣһǴǨ̹ʧ˿Уĸ뿤УռһķΧڶеĻԱбԡһΤЦүΪռݰ˿һ֮أоһ֡
塢̹塢壬к̨ڰ˿֮ԼĸԿ̹ռţʵϣ󣬱ϾǻĹϤ䱳Ҫ֧֣ʵУΪۺҪǳһֱӳ͢ȡʧ˿ļƻջʧ˿ˡ
񣬳˿Ļʿصȴ͢Ĵջع֮ʱ͢ȴͻȻ䲼һ¡ıᣬһӣΪ˿嵱У˳ɵʵЩŴɵĵӣʱȫеջأڸ˰˿һصĴ
ᡱ²ٿġ
оЩҵĺڵˣԡϽΪʵҲΪۺ񣬹ֱķͽͳǧˡ
ȻϽħŵЩͬȻ롰Ͻ˽ޡ
ϽħŵӰӣǸ̹壬ŴެӰӡΪǵΨһǷ̵ڡ
̹壬ЩŷڵĲ壬˵ԭϷӴ½壬ΪϷսŷӽ̵޶山Ǩһٶǰݱ߾ֳͻʱɵӰڣôһֵİ̹һֱδ죬ֱһϦϲң̹巽Ŵֳɹʼʱڱɱȫȫڳһ̬ݰ˿ȫռ忤֮أΧڵĻûбɱģΪ̹ū
ᵽެҶ㲻ƽѳ֮۵Уʦҵһһ۵ġߡɺǼڻߣǳԴެĳԶ滮Ǹެ̹ͬ壬ȫпǴެĸ䣬Ϊǲֻġ
˴ν˿ȫпֱܸ֣ӶϴެĻʼҸ֡
Ϊʦ˵ɣƹѾעެǵ˺ͶֵĹϵˣټռɽġϽȡͥļƻνأҪ˳ռɽ˳ؼȥ˿еĻһȡһҪλһΤЦΤүӴùϵΪպ󼺷ܹ˳ȡɽû
ҪûΤүһΪܹϴæΤЦ쿴صģȻܹ˿ĸ֣ڴ˿һϣ͢ƹۡ¶ͬһ


027 һ
͢ΪոƹΪ˶ͥվȽŸĴ£Ϊ̵ܽάԼ½ĵλҡ
뵽ҶȼһϳһֽͳЯ̿ʣৣʦдһš
нԼõ鱨ϱʦͬʱ飺
һʦʦӵ飬ʧ˿Ϊ㣬ɱķȻΣյܸض˵ӣͬʱΪ𵱵ػӣ
ڶͽĶʦֺʦҲ˿еӲѡ˿ڵĻӵܣһǿԼһʵͬʱ¼Ӷ뵱ػɽܵˣڣΪպɽվȽŸмΪҪã
֪ͨ͢÷Լһܵͨϵ÷̣Э͢һЩֹȶ˿ƣͬʱϢҲҪ͢ξл̼ͣࡱأС߸Ļˣ˾˺ôԼһйѣЩ飬㲻˿֮ڣȻС˾̽ؼʱҲܹæ
ģµӦ淢ڵݣѾ̬ϱ˴£µİ˿δϵǸݵд˿֮أǵضܹһʱ䷢̹Ĳף϶ȻΪԿ̹ļȷ桭
ĸӿ첼ãӦƹ۵Ĵߣ֮½Уð˿Լ߿һۣҲ͸׵õǵ֧֡
鴦õֵʱ˳ƶΪ׽Ͻͥ
ҶдżصãձɵվͶżѡӥ飬ٶҪ࣬һʱܵ
ʦŵ˰ţʣµģǿԼβܻ㹻ˡ
õİ취Īڱӱ̫ѣǱֳɫºٰŻɼƯĴ£һûĺøС
ʵʵʵ
ҲɹҪܹɹʵģʵ
ҶһΡ켶ѧһᡱ400༼ܵ㣬㹻Ҷһ񹦾
Լȱ񹦾ô
С๦Բ磬ʮ칬󿪣Ѿ˵ʮת⣬˳磬书ֻҪʽó׾٣
ڤ񹦡ˡ̫ξ͡ͼһһϵõ棬Լ˲Ϊգ
¾Žܾƪ֮仯ıʮֱ仯ܾƪݽķţ似ʽƶϳԼʽ仯磬ϵлȣƶϵ˵仯
ͷˣҶʱڣŹ˵ĵز֮ǧ֮
⣬СָͨתơҶָνݡȵ񹦾ӦԴ󲿷ֵ
˵似ڹ棬ҶʵڲҪΪԼͶʲôѧˣֿԲҪõ֮սķ
Ҷԥеĺ켶ѧ
ɽ÷֡Ǵ󷨡ǬŲơ̫ȭվ񹦡㾭
ÿ񹦶֣κһֶԼĿǰսʵ
ܶЩľ񹦶ź˽⣬ҶȻÿһ书ʮϸͼзԼδֵľϲ
գϲûҵҶȴĿһܹս񹦾ͯܲͨġ
һ֮ǽӹС˵Ӣ۴еһѧڹѧ似֮ͬʱʹòͬԭڡһĶá⡰һĶáȴÿ˶ѧûᡣԭ˵ϰ˾˶Ҫ˼ʵô򵥡
ֻӡһ֣֮ܲͨСŮ˵ȷ˼֮ܲͨŹ˻ҩʦСŮ֮˽ַʼնûȫӳһ֮һֱǡʮơûáһ֮书Źڹȫûá
ҶһùȻǿѧŹȫӦãʱ̱֡һĶáķţȫйء
Ҷǰ硶Խʱе˶õġǱֲ֢֢ߴܶշ֢ľԱ֢˼˸ȵȣ߱ɳͻصȵȶ
ʱǸ˵Ҷӡֲ̣֢ˣ̵ˮƽѣ̸ˮƽΪһԵˣš
һ˲ȥ˼Լ޹صκǱ֢Լκȷ˼磬˿ʱ򣬾ǿ࿴·ơ·Ǳ֢߿һ·ʱ򣬻Ѹ뵽·ͨʲô򣬻·ʱ龰·ƻ·ʱ򣬱ȥ·ΰװģǰĳôǲǼʲô¡
˵磬¾ûôˡһǱ֢߶Ե֮ʱᴴһ˼룬ԼԵ֮ʱ˼ںרŷֵĽкһĿԡ
еһ侲µ˲ɱͬʱԷһƻͽе©൱ͬʱڶԸһˡиģǡһ֮˼룬ͬʱָ˫ֻ֣ʩ𣬸У൱ڶԵһսٿȻϣνġһĶá
Ӣ۴Уܲͨһĵضʮ꣬Ʋѣ촴书뷨ִܣ֣ѣ״ѧ֮Ҳϰô˾ڡ¡УСŮܲͨϰô˾
һֻ֮ĵص߷˼ݡ߷ѧᡣʱҪȡֻֻԲܴ߷ɡ
ҶãҪȫӦáһ֮ŹҪ˼ΪţͬʱҪ㹻ά֡һĶá̲ãǿϰšһ֮֮ĻϰһĶáķ֮ʱȫпԼľѡ
͵סįˣ΢ġ֢״ͯԼԼ棬СŮԼԼ˵̶ߵó˷룬ԴݵؿԼĸ飬ֵʵ֪Լʱ˿̵Ϊʱܹ߳УΪ񲡻ߡԸ̵ţ̵Ĺûмϰһ֮ҲǶԵģҲûгΪ񲡡
Щơѡãϸоˡһ֮ҶԼ̺ͳǿľԳܡһĶáԼĸӰ죬˸ķӡ


028 ר
϶һҧȻķһ켶ѧһᡱ200༼ܵ㣬һ֮һŋ翸󡱽ֱˡת족ľء
ԡһĶá֮ԸеԼķ쳣侲ﵽ˴˵Сͨĵز
ҶظоԼĳ˵ľһΪԼⲿִ˸ȫļ䣬һֱֲеĴԼȫĵͶͬʱһ侲еش顣
ԭһĶáô
ҶΪԼΪˣǳһֱΣʱ̣ЩܸԼȱ˸Σ֮⣬ܸԼֱӵսԵЩߡǺҶͨС๦üλõġ칬ľһֳ֮ԡʶܶĦڭǾеġʶþһ󡭡
ڵҶ˵ңʶܶĦڭǾġʶĻһ󣬶ȫûⷽӦ似ҶһֱԼڳ˵ƲѣƲתΪʤƣ֪Ƕôʹࡣ
ʱˡһ֮Ե֮ʱ˫תͬѧγ˲սƣƽʱһ߶ԵУһ߷ܹжϳҲø侲
ˡһ֮ҶԾԺУ֦ȻȻؽȫ潣͡Ůͬʱʩչ˳ʱͰƬ̣ת죬ԽԽǵӦ֣һסŮĽʹǿ磬ۡ
˼ġǰ¡СáС԰վաٰü
һУһʽʽһ׽Ȼϰ˼ʮʱһ㣬ջСԺУҶ߷֦ԽԽ죬ݷڶѼӰѼˡ
һסŮĽ֮Ҷֽ˽ƽǡ¾ŽܾƪеĽУһʱƮ鶯Ī⡭
Ҷ˫ָӽѷֲǺνֻ֮ƥѵѷʽ˫ֻ֮ãԼǰļŽҲȫɾ磬ٴһΡ
ʱҶ˽ɣҲسһϸëɵͣ
һܽᣬҶóۣ˫ֳֽʹʲô书ڵյ似˵ǡŮĽΪϬܿԸת൱ͬʱͬʱԵУ໥֮ȱĬϣֻǡһһڶŮĽ˫˽ԭ׷˺ϻ֮ʱ֣ͨĸ֣ҲǡһһڶĽԴལԵУ˿ԶԿ֡ĸ֣֡
Ҷʱһ˿ʹ˲ʹĺϻȻҲͬʱԿ֮ʵ൱ĸˡ
ȵȡ
Ҷл֮·ʲôУϸѰ֮ʱȴֲָоԴһ֮ļ֮㣬Դĳ嶯
Ҷһߡ׵ľ룬һ̤¥ˣٶٿһۣԾ˿ջķ֮ϣ˵¡
ÿҹҶ˼ѽʱ򣬱ϰ˼ʽ
Լո뵽Ķһ飬˫ֻ˫ʹһĶã˺ϻ书ƽƽ󡭡
ƽ󣡣
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Ҷ͵ǽ
˺ϻ֮ʵ൱һС͵ĽˣʱҶ׵ֳɵɽ󡪡߽󡿺͡󡿡
˴ɽ֮ơɽׯ֮м䣬һ׾޷ص书ֻǹ߶ɽ磬ɽݻ书ɭȻУ޼㣬һ֮ͬʱʩΪ֮ʳҹ֮ãǱĿ˼벻ͨ⡣
սİ취ǽ书һΪߣڸ䵱ǡ߽󡿵
ǡ߽󡿣ֱӵ书ÿ书ʹǸо֮˺ศɣؼ汸㼴ͬʹͬʹǿһ൱ڰλ֣൱ʮλ֣൱ʮλʩʮλһͬʱ֡
Ҳ޹ֺӹԳơ߽ǽӹС˵µһ
Ҷѧˡһ֮һ൱֣ʹСƣδûȡŮĽٶһˣ㲻ˣ൱λֺϻҪٶһأ߸Ա
Ὣһ书һΪߣΪ벻βһͬʱʩչ⾭γص书Լܹͬʱתأ
һĶáΪһֻֻֻ֣һһôǼôһֻͬʱһôҶȻôΪΪһլУʱһͬʱ׾٣ͬʱMM죬Ҳ£ֻҪ˼ϸ塢侲кǰε˳Ϳˡ
С˵вǳһָɽֱ·ô
ؼָܲӣָӣôܹͬʱת߱
ԼеһǽˣأһĶáһгһãܲܿѳأ
ûһأ
Ҷĵи䣬ƺ˸Լ˵ͬʱתöĸ֣ǣ񡭡
Ѧ
ˣᵽġǣ
ҶǴϲ͵һĴȣϷ˳ϸо
Ѧͷǡʮеġ衯Ϸɣµġʮ׷ޡ
⡰ʮ׷ޡƽʱһβɵĳޣؼʱ̣Բʮ֧ںһ֧ᣬ컨ַ似ɷ᡿ϱеġǣ񡯣ʮɷΧڲ׷ɣ˵ϵһ似ͬʱҲɱ󡢿ƷΧ㡢ĴɱǿƵõ൱ʮͬʱԵУ֪
ϷɣʱѦͷἰŵ壬ΪֻءѷֵͬãͬʱѷֵУ˵ǳ
Ȼ˿ͬ似ʽΪʲôҾͲܣСүǱǶˡһĶáķţǻ᡾һ֮ġ
ǡǣƿһеĹؼڣ
Ҷ˷쳣¥һԼķ䣬С·ҲкṦһͬӰһһţľ˵Се
ĵСֻһ紵еٿȻŵѽһ̱ڵϣһʺ

һɤӣջĶ˵ƹ⡭
ʱҶѶУֽ̯ţддԼĵú뷨ȫдʼԼר


029 뿪
ȵҶ뷨д߰˰֮ʱѾǵڶ峿ˡ
оֽЩãҶȥһЩ¥ݵʱ򣬿һָָ㣬ҳһţڸ֡
һ˵ǵСײŶ˻ǣ˸лꡭ
Ҷһ񣬷⽨šţҪ뿪ȴ͵ر֮ס䣬ͷһȴƹɫ֮࣬ɫ
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ƹֵǺˮλɻ׽
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СүСүջֹҹԺķ죬÷ϵƬžĶƹ֮ɫųһָСԶǴаӲǱŵɢ˻ǡţŪ˰ˣҲûЧʱС֣һȣаԺ󡭡Ժջ˭ס
ҶޡһԴ˽⣬ԭνġײǼ٣ײʿ氡
ɵΪԼҹ³çеǸۼŪô󣬴Ҳϰ
Ҷ̬ڵָ˼֣ڸԼ飬ٸʩȻУƶһΰɡ
ϣллСллСƹϹȻһЦʵ֪ķ·üΣúַ
ҶҲеߵˣûϱ̰īʲôôֱӰ׶ϺȵƶԸ˵ȹֵʲôʩǰ·ƶ˹ҪȥЩֽء
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˼Ӧϵȴ˵Щûõл
ҶҲӵȷصľţҹԼֻУû뵽ѸͨСų
һԲסˡҶץסС֣֮̽ϣһȣչ֮̽Ѱ֢֮ڡ
ĵҶ򵥵һ̽飬Լ䡰ʮġİľ͡ҵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦתľһһͨİСֹͣսϵ亹ҲֹͣðһСƽɵþ㶼һֻбϵţҶ⣬ķסаҶľ֮ͨ󣬵Сֹͣ˯˵һ㣬Ϊƽһ̾ϢŵɫȴǼѿ૵ֹЩ֮ĻҶմ֮ͨɿڵСüĴһ
㣬СԵɵɵ˫˾ˡƹģզô˰
˻һ󾪺Ǹƹĺؾʹ˹ŵСͿް
ҵ˾ˣûˣûˡ
˵ԭίҶߣƹ͵СԼ˵Ĺ֮⣬˿죬ֱҶɷǣ·֮Ļ
Ҷ΢Ц뿪˵Χۣ̫ͶˣԶԶһЦеΧۣɵʧһЦ˹
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ҹԼԺĶȻˣҶҲûЩʲôɵùһЦ˵Σͣ˶ӿɾ졭
̫û𻰣һԱ˹Цų˻δȴ˹˵ͣȺ£ǡ
Ҷͷһһƽȡɹȡˣ˳Цӭ˹ȥ˵Էż͵˻˻سǣԸҲλɡ
һƽһȻ£ҶɫһɨŮٲǡҡҷԣ绨þˣֺǸ治Զߡ
ҶãʩʩȻٻСȴλƹЦе˹
ϣôƹˣջСƲֶֻһɣҶЦӯӯشȤԷ
ƹĸжһϹ˵໽ñ˴͡Слһ緹ıģ˲ҪٻؾˡС׼׵һţСȥŶ˳Էˡ
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һƽͻ̫ҡͷʧЦ֮⣬˵Ⱦַǳôһҹ֮䣬Сʿ˿ջƹĶˣ֮δ̫˰ɡ
Ҷɻ񣬴˸εز֪ô˵źá
һƽҶΧֱʵնλɿ׵Ƿ롮ᡯأ㣬һУ·ҲиӦ
һƽһ˵꣬˶ǶҶͻ̫Ŵ𸴣˫̥ã˫۾ģһˮΣϣĵصȴҶƶ˵Ĵ𸴣ȻһͬбмȤ
ҶһαŮôͣͷӦǱߵĻ̫ȴǿһ̶˵ǰʧˣĳ·ϻЩҪ˽Ҫ죬ʱͨˡˡɽׯҵȶҪٴΰݻǰ
Ŷ˰һƽɫһ˿ϣ֮ɫ
ͬʱʧһƽһˣɫ˫Ҳһʧ֮ɫĸŮЩҶʧĶ˳ֻǶ¶һ˿ӡ
ҶǴŻ̫͵ģΪλݿܼΪ߹󣬻λƹӵ꣬ǿһıذ
ĲҶоųɵĸоӮ
ǣλƴ簡кôռ椲ϰ
ҶһٴشޣԱߵһƽʵȻСܲͬУ֪ҶСǷ񷽱ͬأ
ҶǴʱ䣬żҧгݵ˵ˣͬСǰǸ
Ҷ̧ͷӭǶԾɫŮԹȴڵѪ
ǰĵһTMD˥ˡ
ʱҶĵײ²⵽˻̫ĳ͢ݣҾ֮ģȻôԡɹȡĺڵɾԶ֮ءϾĳ̶ֳ˵ǡ˫ǡɹȡЩڵ棬һֱǳ͢ҪԸ
Զ˵һƽҡָҶ̾һ
һԵĻ̫ЦҶǷɫ˱˫歲࣬ˣ
ҶȻһЦ˵ջƵģøҸֵɣ˾ܾһǻǴġ
̫һЦ˵ҸղŲ˵ô·ϻһΪҪҪ졣
ңǲ㡭
Ǿǻĳдʡ̫ЦһݴĳȻϲڵΪһݱǷǵˣɹȡ˾Կɽǣǹ׷磬Ҳǿɽĺܣǡӥչ۷ɣҸ񽻾ӡΣĳмҪ죬һϣõҶֵİæ
ҶٺһЦס̫ļ˵ֵܿĽ飬˵æֱ˵ͺˡ
ҶʱѸѱֵܡ


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ˮ¥Ŵ̨ľŴķ羰̬񵭴ݡ
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ʵֻһ棬һڴʵ
ȣϴ󺣵ʮԭݾ߾ļˣͨڵĸʵͼɵõʵķԾ
Σȵһ༶ѧоֵʵһߣΪƻԪƹѧڼевֶվһߣ
ԶԺһʵڣЩʵɳˣò˶ãǴΪǿľΪ˵ĹǸɣǸʱ򣬴˽һСɵ壬ȫϳһʵ塣
պĴˣǰ;ȫлὫǵǫ̂ףΪһŴɡ
֪Լҵλүʱϲϲ
¥ݿʿվƲԺһ˵ӵΪܳӣͱѡγΪĵӣԴ˵ӹɡһαˮѡγңСӶһ·Ͼȣ˾ֻķۡ
ı֣ˮδ÷У෴ΪԽΪµĵӣԽҪʾ裬ͨһЩӵУΪ˳ĸ߳
һ¥ݵ𣬸ո¥׼ƷĵСʱضż̲ȺһϾ¥
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Ũü۵Ĵ˵ӣһɣҪ˵˵ˣм仰Ҫǿȥˡ
˶һּ⣬ˡ
ǸСЦضŲ˹ľƲ˰ڷ룬ˮһ⣬У¶һ˿ѹı飬ȻȥƱеˮһȻε̾˿˵Ϊ㣬ÿμ滹һôѳԵ㡭
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ˮһĸоѣ޿κΣֻҡͷЦ
ǵС˸룬ȥЩˮƣִһҩ࣬ˮУһĨëһղųƽӹĵСһòݣЩӣ֫һﴫһ󱬶ٿȻθ磬ֳųּĸоϣЩС˧ǴһĨŵе΢Цرһ۾Գƻǵ
Žˮ˼ۣ˵κļһţֵܻ˵ҪҽĲһϰԹĸֲͣΪлѼٴߡһϼæɫһĸβأû뵽ⲡǺõô졣˸ˣԺ԰֮飬ȥСҲûµȥ֡
ϽȥˮЦһ̾Ϣ֮˵ԴҸ˵ǼôˣԷдô
аԴһСƣ˵ˣ治ɣǸͷһֱʦҩòˣֱʦȥϲʧ˿ǵÿմ˻Ӧ
ô˵ˮǰ㣬ΪС
ԴЦףЦ̸
ˮһ֣˶ԷĻ̸
ᶨ̬аԴһЦ겻СúζҺϲ
ˮĿһһĳ㡣
ҾͲף˵ҩҩɣŰҩҲҪ֪ǿǺ켶ĵҩҩƵĳġ
ܣֻܰǣߴűãôһٲ㡭
úúãģϰ塭ԴЦ˼ʵ˵һʿ磬ôˣײа
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ԴͶƣֻǴʱһֻȣŪģΪЦֻ峺һգգĶŽˮ
ˮɵ¶ͷʹı飬ͷǸ軤ҩҪģҵҲκõģҵĻƼѧҲĵģҵĺ켶ѧҲ̵ġôô
ۿŰԴӵ죬ٵ𾪡ŶԷԱı飬ˮڸеЩĿС
ѽʵ갢Դžһºϣһ۾ǰѹ˵Ǹеĺ켶ܴҲǮ˵
ˮ̬ȵȻҡҡͷֵ˵ͷ
ܲܰ
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갢ԴȻ˻ȥСһת
һҪôѧʲôˮڿ˵
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ˮֵʵǴԶȥʲô
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µһɽ칤³ͨ


031 Ϯ
һյĹ⾰ʧ˿ĵؽ硣
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ʵûˣҶ½ϴɾһٱϣˮˮ󣬽¹˼⸬ȿ
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㰾СʱҶҲѾǰ󱳵ʱ˿ڿˡ
һϡ죬ŶƤԱߡ
벻Ҷֻ˸߳գ⡭
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Ҷ˻̫һۣ˵治ףߵ׷ʲô飬˽黳
̫Ȼ
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ͬĻܷԣҶеԼǲǲ´˶Էݣǻ壬ǻӣǻʵˣ˭ܱƻʵԸأ
СӵᾢԾǸ̫࣬ϣֻлʵۺͻʵ۵ײʹ̫࣬Ļ嶼ԡ
ѵԼ´ˣ
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̫ߣŮˣһȺŮˣһȺԣҰĴͼµŮˡ
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ͬһʱ̫ͶٿȻС书УҲĹػǰ
Ҷ淸ŭɫǰͿ˾綾ԷȻҪԼһ˾ֶζ顣
ȻҪɱԼҶûиԷͨԸֱöͭǮŰٵķңݵö
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᣿Լϵİ
Ҷ˵꣬嵽ϻеĳղŻֱԵ


032 ɱ
ʱ̫ɫ㣬ö׶Ϳ˶ҩҪСй涾ѵԼղŲȥ񡣶丯ʴԵĶԣֻմƤж
үɱǡСŭ
˭Ҳ
̫ɱ̣֮ܺƿ𣬴Ӱ˹
̫һ֣ǰҴʣһɫСӺȵңĪҪ¡
ʱһӰѾ˳гٵݣֱ̻̫ʺֱðȻҲͿͬľ綾

Ҷʱ˵˷ĵطӳĿһſڵϵʬ塣
ҶҵöͭǮԷһ壬ȻûзӦҶǰҪһ˿͵س֡ףԣûѪζͭǮʱ̫ԡ
֮䣬ϵʬ͵ص𣬶Ϊ䣬һҶľࡣ
Ҷ͵غͬʱŸһ棬󷽴ȥ䲻ݷرܹһͬʱ𣬴ܺԾӰԼ
ôôˣΪԼһ
ԷϲδҲ˵ԷӦǡ컯µֶͨѣˮƽĴ̿ͣɵԼ˸ûз˿ò˵ٵ顣
Ҷ㿪˱ɱһǺһг֣ʷ䴩һ˵ţݺݹһ̿͡
ҶӨӨ׹⣬ͬԣϣжʮĺսһ

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̫оһðһȣӰԼСӻУӰٿȻһϣıȻ˲˻̫ƵС
̫һнĽܻƷΪ͵һ٣˫ƻƹһðıٿȻϳأ̫һƣѳʮ̫ɣͬƬһ䣬֮ڶǰ̿ÿ˶öƬ౻׵
̫˫һƼΪֻۣǽһĻȴû̫ĿɿڴСӸǱŵʧС
ֻǼɵӰȻվͬûһٴǰͬʱ̫ĿУʼԼһƻɵǸˣҲѹǰ
ⲻܡ
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ҶŹ֤Ǹ֮ҶΪʲôˡ֮ȻԷһδط
һԷͷ­һµ˵ϣԷһ͵ֹ˹
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ǰ֪èҶȻɵٸЩܶԵУҵܱĲߡ
ҶԾ׸ߵλãһ㣬ڿ׶ߣΣ˶ʮ׵ĸ߶ȣߣԶԶرܿ˵ЩܵĹҶŵϵĶʮһϸѰе
ʱ¹Ҷڸߴ۽Ǵʮ׵λãһ΢ҫ̶ʧ
⡭
Ҷһ֦Ӹ߿ոӣ̶Цտ
ԭǶȣ¹ԣҶؿ˵ʮܵͷϣϸӣͬƤӰϷƤӰһǣޣǴ˿Ҷڸ߿գܹϸϵ·⣬ֲеܡ
Ҷ˳ϸѰңʮ׶ߵļϣһ飬ԷȻͬɫסͷֻ¶۾
յģ㻹Բʷˣ
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ҶһЦϵĵ˷ȥһӳâ룬Ҷȶʩչ֮ˡ
Ҷ˿֮ߣԷҲ׼ֶѾ˿ƣ̶УһͬΧ
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Сүƴ
СѰһûȼĴ֦ɻѣȥڻ̫࣬ʱƾŻ̫Ŀյǰ𣬲һᣬеĿܶȼƺնϵ˿ߣջسһŻ桭
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033 Ѫ綾
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ֻգ۵Ĺ򣬻ûҶ̽˷ҩܺɱȻЩʧ˿ܵɱ˳
Ҫǣ
Ҷὣ𣬻˻̫ǰʮŭų˹Ҳ֪ʲôԡ
Ҷһ֪ԷҲǡΪŲ١۷ĸ֡
ɱǰһ۷֣˫ֳһ׶һƷŵĽħƣϻأ͹Ҷ࣬书ʽԭ似Ȼ죬о㶼ݶޱȡ
Ժͨߣһ뷢ơ
Ҳֳ˸ͬһűһһ֮䣬ѼҶʺر׽ĸо
󷽺ֳֳֳֹ֮ˣֱԾ𣬷Ҷͷ֮ϡ
Ҷ֪ԷҪüסԼɱĻ̫ͶˣϸԼشȻΧɱԼսνʮָ
ЩȻòݣһֱգԲǾʿӦʧ˿е֮ɣֻǲ֪һ
ҶԴЩǿͽûкøУɱӯأӿһâ㣬콣Ӱ
ֻʢ£Լͻ̫Ͷͬʱﻤ콣Ӱ
һɿк͵׵ȥŴֻħƵĸ֣ǽѪֱʺؿڸһ֮
һĵУ˱Ҷ۷Ϊͬȼĸ֣Ѿȫѹ״̬ٶ࣬һһҲӦ
ԷȻʲôЩûĿܣȻ֪µġҶһ֮ˣٿȻסʣµʮˣΧҶȴǰһ
ȻǲүɾˡҶһȣָɵٹΧˣϣҶָɱʮ㣬ҶļѪ䣬׵˲ɥʣµļһãٷˡ
ҶȻռϷ磬ȻŹЩͽ̫Ͷо綾Щ˵ϱнҩ
Ҷ׷ϣʣˣֿӶݣҶ̽뻳öͭǮۣͬʱ𣬿˱ҶϸǡָͨĻӡ
˾Աк󱳼׵ġѨӶãϵ˿
Ҷ˵϶أ֮ǰ˵صߣһˣǰڳһš
Ҷһѳ˵¶ɫغڵףһĿ߱ǣһ㲻ǻ֮ˡ
һԣҶǿŭ⣬ʵ˵˭ʹǵģеʲôҩģ
ԷһЦ͵һ£Ҷ󾪣ָһһһöవɣҶɵñųһ亹ŭ쵰
һףѪĽһҶýһѪҲûϣֻǴʱɫ࣬˿˵ɫÿ
һҶָ׼ס˵ѨЩˣƣתҪʱƺ֪Ҷ뷨㶼ǺһſŻѪ׷׵ر
Ҳ١
̫ˣ˵еʿȻо綾ҧ֮
Ҷһʱ˫ֱ
˵ݾҶԤϣǰΣտ»ǿʱܾ綾Ĳˣǰ̲̫߰
Ҷ̾˿ʼ̿Ϸң߰Ķҵ࣬ûһǽⶾĵҩ
Ҷһᡱһںܶ̿͵϶ܹҵӵģֳΪ޾ᣬΪ˽޶ˣķ޾˽Ϊ֡ɣΪı硣ʦԴ˽Ϊӳ֣ƽ
ԷȻҡ
ȻЩŷڵ̹֮ˡֻò֮ǰĴެ˲ͬȥӡ˶һЩ
Է˴𰸣ҩû䡣
̫ѱ̧컯ҩЧʼã˵ĺ˿ڴɫѪҺӿһѪҺĺɫõĽҩ˿ڰãͬ˯һĺҶһ
컯ûܽؾֶ֤ҩĶ֮ң컯ڶ˵һֿ壬ѹס˶صӣס̫ڻ˵ġ
ֻܾ˶ҲתΣա
ʱ䵢󲻵ããѰҽڲ඾أǿġӹС˵ѾûҽҩʥƷȫ˵⣬ʣµģֻܿ統ûʲôΪϬİ취ˡ
˴˾Ҷ׺ã׼ȥ
Ͷ˽ҹѲˣʱ˳ʧ˿ˡЩ̹ԲΡᡱſԼһ˻ƫȥɽׯķ࣬Ȼûܶһ٣ߣȻҪߵȥɽׯ·ϣʱжٸԼ֪ء
ðգǰУԼһ˵Ŀĵ롰ɽׯȥԶǰԷһֻطأ
Ҷûа취ֻȼ֧ѣǰ˳ŵ·ǰС


034 
һҹҶЩЦԼǲµЩķ顣
ʱʮʱ̧ͷգܱߴɫŨһ·ҶӱСģٴ͵Ϯ
ϮȻֹҶһˣԷҲ϶ֻһ·
ո·һϣһ֧ܵͬϮĶ飬Ŀ龰Ҳ̶õо
ڹٵϣʬʮֵ֮࣬Ǵһ⳵㵹·ԣϳͷ಻ѪС
󣬾ǻɫѪ߲˵Ҳ֪̹
ɶϷ򣬶Ҷһ˵ĹٵɱϣԷǴݵĶģϷ쿤ɽׯķ
Ҳ˾Ӷ࣬һߡ
񣬵˼⳵ϸ·֮ʣڴִϮϮ翹սߣȫӸ𣬳ټ
ɢϵߣȫһʽ¶۴磬ʯͼֻͨĻСš̹໥ֲ֮飬ʱΪһӣҶԱɱͬ壬ŭĪ֪Լߣ˶֣Ժ޲̹֣лΪԩ걨
̹֮ǰ͵Ϯμӱ²ſ֪ˡᡱٿǼȻʵȫĻ֣ȻҲʵԸѾ˵ġɽׯ
ȻԷȡ˱ѵֶΣʧ˿̹֮䣬˵ֱӿսˣʱգԼһ˻ڻƵĵ֮ڣ˼ҵĲɱЩֵ̹ͨ񣬲֪ܶ˺أ
һʹ֮ӳڴ˳
̫ʲһ˹
Ҷޣһ֮Цʵô
ôˣ̫Լøһʵ
ȱʣ˵Уȱת
̫һɻŬҹ飬һ̾Ϣжˣ
û֪ʲôҩôɫѪҺñ컹ҸҩҲֻܱסСҲһĻ·˵ɣʲô뷨
ꣿֻʱô̵̫̬ȵʱҶĪһû˵̫Ѿһ̶̾˵ʱ䣬ҲáģǲٺĲ˰ɣҲܰǿɱĻˡ
żֲ֮ǱˣҲܹҵⶾķء
̫ЦЦÿɷ񣬡ģ
ԭ·ǰУС˵ģҪա
̫һɫ¶廳顣
Һܺ棬ʲôŮˣɷҲԸһ桭Ҷ֮ĴǰλҲ߯˰ɡ
̫ڳſڣҶԿλáʧѪѾڵĲжô죬ǻ̫Ҷûġ
ǵҸ˵һ÷δô
Ҷ˵ͷʾǵá
ԭĻ˼Ҹöη׼ġЩŮ˱Ҹ˵Լʱҷӵģû뵽ŭЩˣδһҡ
ʲôҶ󾪣Ǹ󡯵ӰѾǻҶڲĵزô
̫һ㣬㡭ô֪
ô֪Ǹ󡯣ô֪ǻӣҶƲƲ죬˵磬ˣҲ֪СӵݼҲ̫ˣǻӡĸֶдˣװûδҲ̫ҵˡ
ôô̫԰׵ɫ˶Ǻ졣
ǳԡһϼװ֪Ȼѣ̶СءҲãôʱһôҲҰɣ
̫ҶһϯŪһ㶣ŲɵȻʧЦ˵ˣǸӣƫƫڳһСĵᡣ˵ᣬ̫ȴ̹ԼƵ飬ȻҲ˿Щ
ӻˣ̫ۣСҲã̫Щģ㻹Ǹ˵˵°ɡ
ҵ£ҵ¾ǸŸδһҽӴԼֲϣЩǸŮ˾Ȼݺ˵һı췴֤Ϊȷ䣬ǾȻ߷˵һֱָԼסǸȻһ˱ԼˣǶôֲʵҸ֪ЩαģҲòڷǸһУ˻ЩֶΣΣʱֱ̣ϵ˶ʮˣԶݵƬ͢Ӵı߻֮أȶʱ꣬ҷŴһλ֪ǵסһΣΣҲҪ
̫ϣ֮ɫҶȴüͷݳȻķǸ󣬾Ȼ˾Ȩֺ˵ǻǸ
Ǹָ֤ԼӵСôˣǸ󲻻ڰɣ
ǵȻˡֱӻ֮ڸնʾˡ
ҶЦʲôԭ׶ϱѵˣû˸õģǣʲôıƣȻɱΪҪˡ
Ǹƹų½ɣλȻӰ޴
Ǹ׿¡
ʮǰǸĺڵһšڤԼսʱǷǸӵ׿ֽڤ֮İеɱڤеˣͷһʱ
׿Ĵʦ㣬¼ޡµһĽдһμѻ׿λǸ󣬳޵ķǸ
׿ڽƷǸ֮½ƶŹ棬ǸΪã
еǷǸȨģеӶǿԶһĸɲţԵԱûй̶Ȩޣ̷ִܷǨøսַеӶ书ɱõֻޣЧҷǸʳŮӲſԼ롣
ǸڸصķֶԱо׿ΪȡļӡҲֻŮӿԼ롣ǸڲʮܣһõӻõӣˣֻһŮӼˣ֪һõӡ
ȻõҲǿԼ˵ģҪõ׿ϲС
̫ͷǸҶ֪ɵĿֲӰˡ
׿Ϊ֮Ϊ˵ľٶʮǰֵ֧ʱүľʵλȵ۸һݱǸ쵼İ׵֣촳ʱ̫ӻʸ죬ɱʮˣɱ󳼶ʮˣֱӽƾλ˾ʵۡº۹ͣ׿˻ʸĴʦ
˺Ȩ׿չΪǿ
ƾźͳܹ͢ϵ˺ܶ೯ŮΪͽ½䣬ЩҲϲŮ书ǸͻҹϵУֶŮӣ׿ʮ˳յһٻǧȷʵѡһЩ˲ţЩŮӳзǸԸ޼á
ͨͳĹϵԼһݲò׵ŮӼ˺ţЩŮȻ죬ڷǸĽ̵֮¶Ʒòˣ˫ȫŮӣԻʸֶȢǸüΪ١
һ׿ķǸͻʸ̸͢ڵܹϵ׿ģԺʸ𢽭ɽ
ʱգ֮ϣʵߵĳͻǹͷΣʵ۵ʮλӣ˵ĻУʮȢǷǸĵӣҲԷǸŮΪޣ㲻ǣҲ˷ǸΪ檡
ֹãˣõġµһĽİޣ׿Ĵʦ㣬°ŮĽĶĽ壬ҲӭȢ׿ʦл浣ӱСС֮Ƶڡ
ǸйصȫɷǸһĻ˵ǸڻʸĳϿֻ죬ҲΪ
ǸôҲǻʸͳβ
̫ЦЦ˵ʲôáˣ˵Ǹܻʵ۶Ϊ֪Ը⣬Ҳ䷴Сˣûеĺˡ
λʵۣƺͿǸ˾书׿˵Ǿ׿ɱϡ
귽ʮ֮ʱ֣ʮݣʸǧ־ӭУѩ֮Уǰ߸ҹڱܹ˱ʱͻϮоӪһϮɱ˧ǻ룬һٵֶʤ֣һսǧִ治ǧǻʸҲʮˣҹž˻Ҳ˲һʱڣʹҹߡ
ǣǸʱ򣬻ʸµԱǵġչ۷ɺ͡򱱽͡
ԱսھʵߵԱһѣһ˱仯֮ˣ˾ᡣ
Ҷ̾һһЦ˵ʵүҲбľ˵٣δһӵ㱻ǸƣȻҲܰȻӳôˣʵ
̫һЦ˵ǵȻôǼүӿһε༾ᰰ
Ҷڴʧɫ
ᰣ
ǸһŲߵļᰣ
ǸֻɱһҳԱһƬɢɳļᰣ
Ǹһһ˵ʷҮʮڸ齵ļᰣ
ǸǰһϦŻѪ͢ξѩ󽣵ļᰣ

ֲáµһɽ³ͨԭǼᰵſͼӺô


035 
ʧ˿λξǸȥĴӣ쿤ӵİ֣ݣнʧ˿ˣȶҪԹǱұҪأʮɽɽ߿Ĵƽԭ轭
̾ɽϵġϽ쿤˵УƼѡСһΤЦΤүӵǿʿڣ˿֮ڵĻֶۼ˴оݴ½ϵѪж󣬷صһˮʧóܹ͢ϲսռƣӴ˴ϲı߾γɼл֮ƣݵͿ̿ˡ
쿤ϵ轭Ӵ˴򶫷㣬γˮƺƴĴ֮ˮһ·򶫣ݡݣֱ󺣣ƴˮƼ½Ϊ룬ǰĳ֮ϡ
ļ紺򣬼ټƽԭ֣ġ
С硱ڵһƬԭҰݸرԶһ轭֧ˮƽԭ֮ϣһСɽɽϽһΰĳǱжڵ£ǰһСӣʹ˸̾Ϊ׳ۡ
ɽµƽԭϣߴӪկΧסʮҰ໥֮以ǣҪγ˼ǿκһɵ֪ѹΪȫ
Ҷͻ̫ٵ֮ʱǰȻһƬʣֻǰĵһСһ̺ӣͼĿ
ڳĿɫʣࡢ̡ɫ׺ĲҰϣʮСһĺ׺У̵ĺˮྺޣʣȻϢ̾
۴κνǶȿȥԭͷɽ޾
ɾԴУܲŸ󡪡ɫ򡢻ɫţɫϢʹƬũɫʡ
Ҷ̫ԱߣתСӣ̽ͷ̽Եؿţ˽Կо綾Ļ̫ͶˣཫͷĿɢࡣ
Ҷһǻľ̾硯ǡ硯ֱɾӦýСɾ
̫ЦָָԶӪկСɽϵĳǱ˵㿴ɽɽµĳǱӪկɱڣô˵ɾأҿᰱŸʺϡ
ҶǺһЦޣžһ죬˵ôҲǼᰵļң˼һͷǼүӸ壬ôܲŵ㣿ڵļҼλүô
̫ҡҡͷ˵ǰ䣬үͲˣүӵĴӼʦλλʦɲҵ˰
ҶͻȻҪЦ˵˵ģȥˣ᲻̫һ㡣λǼҳƺǰˣ˵ûж˿飬ο˵֮鰡
ˣҲĸԸ
磬ĸԸҰ
Ҳ˵Ҫһİ

İɣҺܽˣֺ㣬ðʬʱԶҸߵλãһҿʱǱ߾ͺá
Ҷ̾˿һŬ죬ʾߵСӣҰʬأ
̫ͷһɫСӣСעҪһͬġ
үҡСһı飬֪ôԼ顣
ô⣿ҪôǸʬҪôһѡɡ
Сɫǵͨ죬ȵСȻҪүһͬġųҶһȭҶ罫үķԣҵҲչү
ţãģ
̫һСӼ򣬹Цһĳ֮顣
Ҷٴ̾УСүͶλһ̰ɡ޴ĸ̫ڤƻ̥ӤĻã壬޲飬ʳʩ
̫߰ÿЦãҴбҲھͳض䡷ɣ
顭

Ҷһ˸յǰУ·ߵڵũǣʱԶһָָ㣬Ȼ˵
ҲǣԴʧ˿֮æΨһԴƾĵ̣֣ʱγһɼǿĵطκһˣԼСӣҲǺ͡ɽׯйЩϵҲϵ
һֱģҪôҪĵˡҪô̶ӣǴӵʱôһСصþǻҵСϱһ
ȻҲ˷ߵע⣬ŹٵһӪկկţһ³ʮҶһ˱˹
ﲻסӿֱ·
ĴһʽɫװͷһƮɵᰣǰʮˡ
񱼣һ̱ҶŵСǰͷ߾Ĵͷһббӡϣ˵׺һ߳ȣʾ١
ʮߣŸͷһתʮ˶ʮֻ۾ʮ֧ϣŰͶԾȻš
Ҷ첲һͱСӣŴͿֵСڻȻ򣬱ȭʩλɸҼүǼүӵݷãλͨ
ɽʮɫһǸͷԱߵһˣһЦ˵ϣǰݷүӵˣ˿డҲ֪ǲǳ͢ļϸҪǲЩ˵Դ
Ҷһͻ˵Լ˶ŹٷݣԼϻеꡰ۽񡱻͸Լأס϶סǻͷ˾ļţпЩҵĻпܱϳ
뵽˴ҶæЦλ˵Цˣ˼ҵԶѣݷүӵģ˿Ĵġ
ģƾǣǼүӵԴֵʮƽûдģֻ˵ʸ񲻹ͷٺ٣˵ģòСë˳ɣ
һʱȻЦֻǸͷĹͷ󺺣Ц
ҶһЦ˵λ˵Ĳ·ϵȷЩë
ޣƨǰĽ飬ѣЩ㣬硯Ϊŵˡ㽻Ǽүǣ˭֪ǵʵĿġǼСҪ¹飬˵ү⿪أ
˵֮ŪʱһЦ֮
粻ӭ֮ˣλذɡǻͷҵȵ飬ǲ
˵ģǸһֱĹͷ󺺡ֻ䣬ǰγʱ׼֡


036 ڹ
ԷһҶɫЩȻ
Ҷ˴̫һͬǰҪֻԼƿͷˣʱֻǰڻ̫ӣΪԼһʱ嶯˻̫ļƻǿ͡
οлҪݷġµһɽ³ͨȻˣҲͲ㷢Ū̫ͷʰ
´һʱ֮Ҷһ֣Ҫ˵ЩԱһֱĬĻ̫վǰĹͷ󺺣Ŀִţһã˵ǻʸ̩
ΧΧĻɫ䣬ͷһ֣ڻͣضŻ̫ɱۡ
̫һٴδ˵ǻʸ̩񾸰ʵ۵ʮӣҲǼС㵱δ򡭡
һ˵꣬ȫ𾪵
ҶһôҲϲˣʱʲôݰûţܱЩ¸ι
̫վ֮ϣֱͷĹͷ󺺣ٴγȵҪʦ

Աһݱߣ͵ذεΪѸݣõĺ֡
̫Źͷ󺺣Ϯ֮ӶۼҪѪҶȻ֮±Ҫ֣ȴ̫סͷؼʱ̣һ죬̫Ĵ󵶱һɣǸһɱĹͷ󺺡
Ҵȥͷ󺺵ɱۣ˫Ŀͨ죬Ȼѹʱ緢ŭ𣬡ϣ˵ģҲϣԻóЩ
˵תǰУҲǰǰؽΧǰС
ͷ󺺵ɱΣǾ䡰ϣԻóЩҲȻʲôףĺû
߰ոǸһֱﳰҶһ˵ǰ˵
ҶĳȥԷڶʮġ䣬ΪӢһףдԸɫһ۾˿ʱз۾ͷݺݵضҶˣɱ¶ڳһʱնɱľͷ
ҶһߣװǻƣӲǱӣ۾۾ļһûкøУͬʱҲݺݵһһ֮ɫĻ̫
СүǷˣͰҲ˸ΪСүأΪôޣ
ҶӸ´
֮ʱҶרע˵续⣬ڴ˿̣Ҷʼע⽨ڸҪ͹ؼ¥ﱤ׼һԣ
Ҷһ˸ʮΧʻСɽϵĳǱ
СɽԶȥƲû뵽˽ǰȴΪվѵǣתһ棬ŷСɽȻһεɽƣڲڱ棬ڶ档
ڡɽƵĶˣɽγһ«ڣһ¥¥ɽ壬γһ޴ĳš
ǰɵĿӵụϿڣ̣뿿ͨУȷһ򵱹أѶ֮ơ
Ҷһ˽ɽȣŻ֮Ҷɵ̾һܳȥɾѱȵˡ
ɽСȣԲʮѣ̲𣬹֡
ͬľָľرۣ߳ũĬȻţʱͽ˻ȥ
ĵطĲһҸС
Ҷ˲ɵ÷Ե̾
ҶͷСǵСӣȤСӣ㲻ǺϤĵ·ôӦɣôڻһûı飿
СӰһºͣ˵ֻǴӡ̼࡯ġ˾µĵͼĵ·ʵҲĲ˵жɽȣҾͲ֪ˡ
Ҷ˵ͷǡ̼ࡱġ˾Ҳû鱨ֻδڣ
һǡ硱ıܹܵλ˾Ҳ֪дɽȣ˵֪ɽȣûеõеľ鱨
ǣ˾ʵ֪ΣֻΪҪĻܣûзڡ˾Ƿ˸ΪҪĵط
ǵһΣ֤͢ﲢӣǼҵİ䵽λ뼰ϴᰵġࡱݣ˾ϤЧ̽͢ӵܳң˾ް취Ǽпܣ
ǵڶ¾Ͱˣ˵͢伫ӣпԳжڰнС
ҶΧΧǣ۾һӹа룺ǳ͢Լҵжٲǲ̽
ʲôСүүһ˫۸ڳӸһ㼫Ҷһ˵꣬ܵҶĿ֮Ťͷǳ
Ҷһңתͷǣ·ûԷĻһ
Ҷӵ̬ȣʱŭס˵Сӣû㻰ôߣ㾹˲񰡡
Ҷ̾Ϣž˦ޣҲԷԱߵĻ̫ʵ֣˵һ㱻һ蹷ҧһڣô
̫룬Ȼ˵ô죿Ѳ㱻ҧһڣٷҧȥɣ
Ҷתͷ뷨ôǸҷϵ˼·˴֮󣬻˵뷨οԼδ̫ųЩ
̫Ŷһʵ뷨õΣ
ҧˣȻҧȥҸӰѹȷİɣ

Ҷ̫һһ𣬽ԱһֱҪѰƱһٵĿ̣һѰγһ룬ŭҶʱпǰСʿ
ҶȻ˽ͰֻҪԷһ춯㷴һѵ
Ĵһ·Ҷŭˡ
˽ŵʱ̣Ȼ˴ȵҪ
Ҷڣ˾Ȼ
ǹͷ󺺣ʱλϵҶеԶ׼ҶȴǶһԵ˵㣬ĵᰡĹ㶼ˣ춯ҿɱ㡭˵꣬ٴתȥǰС
ߡ
Ŀһߣʣ˵ˣòҪ㡪˵ǰУʻԼĶ鵱УԲʱͷҶЦѡ
ҶʧЦӣĵѽ˰ָоĺᡣǰԼ书ʱ򣬾˿ûôĻԼĹԽԽߣñխأ֪ܲС˵ơ
һ۹ͷ󺺵ıӰа⣺˸֪ǿԼ۹һ죬Ȼ˸ţ˲䷢ԼĹԶ㣬ֹ㡣⻰ǶǸз˵ģвԼζҲ
һ˵֮ãɰ
Ҷ񣬸ʯ̳ɵĵ·ǰᰳǱȥ


037 
Ϧ޺ãֻǽƻ衣
Ϧůĺ
ÿʱ򣬼ڴǰϦ£ḧ촽۵Ļ꣬Ƣ㡣
С¥Ϻƽڴǰĺɽüչ̾һһ죬һƽĹȥˡм͸һյƽ¥ºǻֵžһ֮ס
ҹǹ¶ģҹöجоѡҹĶͬһجΣǰǳͻѣڼõͷ˲ĥӡǡ
ǳѣһֱΪԼѣԼԼΪʲôӦǴλʱǲͬģ˵䣬ʺԼԸ˹ֻһ֡
Ǵζ飬ԼΪϲǸˣǸĶšЦݾ̫ʢһӣԼҸģ˵ģܼ޸һӣÿŮ὾Ժ顣
ǴԼûҸһľȴ˼ĴԼĸסܵܡáˣһҹ֮䣬ȫǳлҷ𡭡
ҵĴأҵĴ
ûһҹ˯ʵԼԽԽ𣬵Ѳҹ˯ˣֻÿʱ򣬼¼ʱ󣬻ڴ̨ϿŮͺ֣е顣ϣȴѰʱ䡭
Σöȴϸ԰׵޽ǣүү㲵飬öڼţҲһԽѣɣԼеĳٴδص˺Т˳ļãֻܶͣеĿͻں޵ļ尾
磬˱ȻȴȻݡ
ʱһ󼱴ٵĽŲ¥ݴ
һʮ塢СѾͷҴҵصС¥ܹŹ֣ҲܽҲܼ١
òûлͷʵݣԼĪȸַô˵ǶǿСοҪץסأǺܲģֵܲġ
СѾͷƴҡָ֣ؿڣΣƽˣżҴҵ˵ǵĴС㣬ʹ˸飬Ĵ¡
Цϴ㶪ԿףҲ˵ǹĵһ¡
ݶͬϣοǹү
͵סͣг˰ûڡ
ٿȻתͷ¶һʻҪ޵գһи֣˵һ顭˭

ᰳǱ䱸ɭϣһڣ岽һڣٴС
ͨ´ԣվһɫװĴ󺺣ˣ㣬һ˫۾ҶһˣСӱŵöѶԼҹӺҶ˶һеģɵҲ˼ֵɫͦصظڻ̫Ļʸֻ̩ȶӻЩ£·Щ̫Ȼ
Ҷһ˻δǱ֮ǰͨ˼ҼʦһΪǶԷҪʸ̩һ
Ҷɱڵܣ˽ȴ⸹̵⼾ǺܹộԼĳУԼúܺáôʲôֵҫģ˵ɡ
ԶԶȥľͷվģһˣڲݹ棬ͦɣһغɫʨӻƵĳִۣ멣һɱ֮С
ߡ֣ݸһģһɱضŻʸ̩һˣԿڼѹɱ˵ĳ嶯ڵȴȴżҼһһὫ˺Ƭ
ҶƳһۣ΢΢ЩźȻﲻٶǡϵĸ֣ʦˣǡԪԲĸ֣ʵؾ񡱶ڻ£ҶевģǼʦһ˶ѣΪ쾳硣ˣܸоսء
Ͻһ֮ҶʱĳǺаμһԱˣ֣ͨĸоκεввٺ۷֣ҶȻоΣձˡʵϣﻹм˱ǡؾϵĸֻ֣Ҷʶѡ
ɫƽϡ
ʸ̩һߵ´ſڣ˼ʦĸǰ
ʸ̩˻ҵһ֣ϹСʸ
ġСĸˣʦһϺȴ˻ʸ̩Ļݺݵ˵벻ҹҪʬεĳˣ쾹ȻԼΪ㻹ܻ뿪ô
һ䣬ʦһһȣ˽ͬȣ˲㽫ҶһΧʣٱ媵ıһָҶˣɱÿٿȻһ亮
С͵س嵽ԼӸǰں˼ƣһ˭˭ģ
ʸ̩·δܵ⾪˵ɱһ㣬žϹƣٴι˵ʸ̩ݼ塭
ҲûҸʲ𡭡ʦһЦ˵
ʸ̩һʱѲµҵ̬ȣʸ̩Ȼ֪ô˵ȥźá
һԵҶؿⳡ־磬һȤı飬ǶɱڵλҺֱֳʮĺ棬汦һʱΧ˵ͷʾ⣬·ֵһﻹǷŶϡֹƺɱԼ޹ϵ󿴵ˣűϵĸִк
λˣƲɵ̫ˡ
λֵܺòйҸ棬ѵġ
λôۣŭ˸Σ۰׷ƣ˵λ̫һҸ㿪ҩҩȥ𡭡
λҲ˰λ̫Ⱦưɣͷҿͷ۵ĸʲô
ߵλֵܰȿˣһҪֵʱױ˲ȵˤӣô˳֣㵹ȥ˲ֵ̫°һ¡
ߵĴүô˻Ǳûǰ;ͻؼϰɡ㴭żôأܵô
֪ߵλǴ磬Ǵɩ

ҶԽ˵Խ˷ܣԽ˵Խ󣬱ȫɱգΪҶĳ֣ʼȶķת䣬ΧܼɼļҸǣʼԹӱˣһ࣬ཹཱུ˳ð̡
̫TMDˣ˰ΧŻôţûһûôĳʿĿҲи޶Ȱɡ
ҶԼ޵е棬ɹȼ˼ҸǵŭЩƲסĳ棬Ҳ˼Ҹ߲һ˵ȵע⡣
ʦݺݵص˻ʸ̩Сʿһۣüͷһ壬߸ղŴȳǸͷһŭȣСë㵱ǼҵҰ۲ɣٸ˵ͷ
ҶٺһЦæϹ͵λ˼ˣҲ鷳ģҿ֮ʬġǹڼȴ֣ż˵һ컹ûԶأҪԤϯǴǵģҳҵģô


038 
Ҷһ仰ڸɲ˴
ʱ䣬պգûбӹһδڵСʿ԰̬ȾȻ˵ֻһ˵Ȼðɣ̱ҪһţӷŸġ
ʸ̩ǴһҶ˵ǲѼҵƷⲻƲϵҲġ
Ҷ֣㡭
ҶһЦ¶СŪûʸ̩ʱû˴ʣʵڲһСʿǸһ
ߵʱһ̸ͭˣҪСʿ켣ʮ꣬ûһ˸ô˵ģ̣ţӼȺͬһ仰ôɱ
ʦɫһֹ˵֣ҶһЦ˵ʬ˭ʬյô
ҶЦеصͷһָʸ̩˵ʬСǷһӣص嶼֮ôǰˣȻҪɱ٣ãɡ
˺Ȼŭʦɫ࣬˿ҶջǰĿڻʸ̩ϣҧгݵ˵רҼҵģ㻹ļֵɫ
Էἰףﳰʸ̩ɫһ࣬뼰Ǹ׶Բ𼾼ңɫ֮һɣ˵塭
ү
ԷĮԶûʸ̩аʹĬ̾һүˣλҶֵֻҵѣֻʬѡ޿ΩԸǰټһ棬ã̩ȫƾү
˺ٿȻһ٣뼰ǸսԼڸ¥ϵĴС㣬ﶼһʹ
֪ʸһµģȻҲ֪ǰλʮӣǼҵʲôˡ˵ʵϣѾǼҵļˣҳ𡢼Һޣ顢һҵúܣôǴ
벻ʸСӶ԰Ůˣʦ΢΢һɱ˲䶼˼һ뵽Լɥİ޺ӣԹɵãΡⱲöټһ棬ڼҡ
ɣеԹޣȴʦڰŮļȹذ
ἰãʸ̩һʹһҧ£֪һʸǷ̫࣬ԸһһСֻǰһ桭
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ҿûӸ¹Ⱥ˸󺰣ΧһƬЦ֮
ҶͷһȻǸķ㣬ʱϵ֮ɫδɢȴȡЦʸ̩
Դӻʸ̩λֱصԼһˣʱȻأðȻȡЦʲôô޼ɵڼǰ˿
Ƿ죬ȷʵвٸֶŴЦʦȴһ࣬˿ЦⶼûС˲ص˷һۣȴδֹûкǳ⡣
Ҷһ˲ݷͬСɣɵðע۲졣
ʦ˶Իʸ̩ľٶһδ˶
Ϊ㻹ôʦ˵ҪѪҼԩ顭
ʦһ䣬ʾ⣬Խڶʸ̩ʸ̩̾һĿܡ
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ݡ
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С
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ֻǷһ֣ڷԱߵļֳ⣬վڼʦļҸ֣ȫһ۵̬˳
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㵱ǰһҶ󾱣ģҲ๦ĸֳһһǹһ˫빥Ҷࡣ
ҶͷҲأһָһ
һ죬оԼһ˴ɽ֮ϣһ飬նԷ󾱵һӦɣͷƤӹһͷ֮䡣㾹ȻԼɻصһǰһƬͷͷƤǸͺ
δȷӾͼǰСʿӰһһ֣һһǹһ˫ĹƲΪͻȻתأȵһԼĴȣߵһǹ̿Լߣ׵˫Լס
ڡĸ֣Ϸ㣬ȷе˵λͬһʱ̳֣Ҳͬһʱˣ˺˵ǣ⼸λĸ֣˵ĲλԼҪǸСʿλãֺ
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ʦи֣һ˲γԼıҲԱ̩Ȼ飬㶼صضǰСʿٲͳ˼ɶλֶڸոСʿ˵֮ġ񡱵ۣҲڴʱšޱšת䡣
ʱڴӾоѹҲԼͺȻŭ㣬㡭쵰ɱ㡭
ŭͷԵķų˹һƻХľ֮⾪һġƱ֡Ƿҵ洫
ס֡
ʦ󾪺ȣϾ֣ʦ￴ǷСʿĶ֣ס֡ҲŻסİȫոСʿֻ֣һ֪Է˵ģǵͽ˼һг֣һ˶Էʹɱô죿
ֻǴʱķк޼ƽսݹ˵ˣһЩΪǣոյֻΪԼû׼ãûȫԷ˸ֲԼתȫĿܡһҧ˾ֱҶıġ
׳ա
Ҷ͵һźţԳ̣СʱɶأѪ
կ
һȣȺв˳صķ
һ䡰կҶһĵڴʱһɸ֣ɫòȻ˸ЦĿ¶⡭
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һڸ־ȻŭӼʦ·Էǳһ㡣
ʦԵİߴȵ쵰ĻǶҲ췴ɣ
һڸɫ粻ڲΥ˵ķ㣬ȵߡ
һû˰ʮˡ
Ǻǣ⼾ﲢһ֧󰡡Ҳѹ֣ʱѣôӣұǸɵйҲڶ̶ðôļҵкܶè
ʦһԶ£ɫ쳣ѿ˵棬ôҲݺݵضҶȫɱۣʵСΪҼңΪҲɱô
ҶȻһЦ˵ˣողƶЩˣԸ˵ǸȻ˶ˣǸ£͸´˵һ˵ƶȻðȻָ֣˵˲ѧ֮ʿżŵڣ뼾᲻ױСְɣĪǼͼҷ粻٣˺ڵˣ

󵨡

һƬŭ֮ʦû˵û˸׶ˡ
ʦ治Ƭ֮ܳӵ侲ֱȻ˶֪ŭΪȷСʿ˵ģԽԽŵڣԽԽǺڵҡ
Ȼ䣬ҲŷԼñκ鶼ҪҪڼѣҵļҲˡƾĵ̣ƾżڽеҪٴ𽭺˵練ƣȻּ֧ңǸ͢ڵж״̬ı佭˵Ŀ
ǣǧĽûˣŷļˣǼҲˣԶˡ
Լ㵽˽յ״ȻԼŷ磬ڵǴҽĹҶһϯɴ˼ʦӵΪֵĲ֡
Ϊ˼ǧ棬װҲװȥ
̬ģҲΪʲôҴǧԭ
ԭ򣬱ڼŷҲĴУǼĴС
ʦɫɨȫۿҶ˵ĳּҲϣڵȷǵټҷʱˡС˵ʱҲɲҼָֻţҲɲҼ˲񣬱֪Ҫˡ㣬˲֪ڸģҼң㣿
˵úáҶһͦ˵ĻСȻҼķ緶С˵꣬ٴС١

ҶٺһЦ˶ۣ̬֣˺͸СʿʱҲɵöķ˰Ժʡ
漾ʵأҪ˵ĺܼ򵥡ҶһָԱߵĻʸ̩˵ո˵ĺܶԣһȷΪҵġ

ܼ˷׷׻Ȼʾš
ʦһЦ˵
ҶһЩľȻĻʸ̩˵λ磬Ƿһӣˣص嶼ʸ̩ǮǼӱǮϢ
أʦµֵСʿ˵ʲô
أܼ򵥡ҪôǷ˻ʸ̩ؼһҵӡ
ⲻܣ
ãڶôʸ̩дǷӡɱ֮󣬰ʬ廹ңԴ·ѣҪȥ
û֮ǰľҪҼԩˣ˵ʬ壬ÿһͷ
˵ǾǵˣҲһ취
˵ˡʦһ֣ҶĻ˵Ҹӣʸ̩ǼңСʿʧ
ɽ
ҶһЦһƣ˵ǻΪġ
ʸ̩һմǴ˵еġ١ô


039 ֮Է
Ҷʸ̩Ĳ񣬸ںСӳ죬ֻ֣һżʦĴ𸴡
ʦɫһҶƣԸϣ鷳λүȥȡǮȻ̣뿪硯
ʦǸ߹ЦųҶɣүһ˰ɣ
Ҷεػջأӣʸ̩һգ۾תλȥ
ʸ̩һżʦ̤´
ҶУͻȻվţûڲѡ
Сʲô
ǴҶȡǮĿ߲Ȼŭ޵Сʿг˶С
ҶҡҡͷŶͷ̾ѽѽǲãȻ¡
ʲô£üʵ
ҶٿȻתȵһȣ
ʦʸ̩Ȼͷǿôŭ͵ץסҶ½󣬱ȵСëTMDҪʲôΪҴУ㽲ֵͿΪΪôĴ࣬ɱ˵Ĵ࣬ŲһöĹͷ
Ҷĸߣ˴׿ͷֻҶؿڣʱͷץסҶǰҪ˵ȴͷֻϺһŽҶĶ߽òţ˴׿ҶȴηηһмܲסģһʱΪЦ
ϣϣүӣĭҶһĨϵĿˮİ˵ǣүӣûˢˡ
ϺһĿߣٺһ֣¶˵ӣүүŲүүһڡ
ϽɡҶһѿͷľżʦȻǽҪǲӦðеͶʶջҪǮɾͲˣСӵҵġ
˵ղѾˣ뷴ڣʦ֮ǰҶһ˽Ǹͷ󺺣ʱŭɶȵ
ҶٺЦţƣ˵ϧղҶˣɼȻûиһΪģ˵ü۸ôҪôֽ֣ҪôΪġ˵տƾģôжأ
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ҶߵĿ߳żʦһȭҶҧгݵ˵ӵ˱˻ԣû˸ڼ˷׼ȡӵС
ԣԶԣɱ
ܼҸһƬ
ʦһ֣ȫžһָҶ¶һ˿Ц⣬λС˵ɣҺܺҪˣʲôơøһЩȻұ֤벻˴˵ء
Ҷ̾һ˵ĵĲܾôСӡΪǷҵӣǷһֻҪһߣһǮ
Ƿһʦɫöγˮʲô˼ѵϷǷһô
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Сǰо綾񵤾ΪꡭԣǷһҪɱԣǻκĶǻˣȻǶҪɱҪУ⴦á
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ԲţԲԻŵɱңǺǣҲǰЩ¶㹻ҳϣ˵ȥﶼӴԺ⼾ҲͲǼˡ
ƣӣ֮Է
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ŷһˣȻԼԼ޶˹򣬾ͱЩЩЩ۸㡣
ҶлӰֶȵҴӵܴ֪ŷصʲôǿܷһûõŷǲġ
ףǽףȻʼˣӮҪɡ
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ǼҾͲŷоƤˡ
û˵ȥЩʱǰͶЧ˵УҴӴ˾Ǹ׵ļ壬ҲǸֵͶЧŷˡ
飬Ϊ˼飬¼Ĺº֮࣬ΪӶɱˣΪӶ֪ĶڣЩȻŷ£кֵء
ȻһҶϡ
ʦһƽ飬Ȼ˵áףǼҸˡϺڣ
һűһüëϵߴȺ˳ʩ˵Ƿһ̽
ʦͷһ˵鷳ˡ
ͷ˵ͷߵʸ̩ǰһһ죬ʸ̩ȻһЦ˶Էϡ
ҽˡ
벻˾Ȼʶ
ͲǴڵҽˣϹ˹ۡߣ֪ǳ˺֢֮Ӧ㡭
ʸ̩ЦѣյĶ˳˳ˣΪӣΣ
ҽųüϢ̽ӣΧ˶Ǻ
Ϊ֮һĻʸ̩ȻжˣǱľ綾⵽ô£˭µĶµʲô˰Ե̬һʱڸ˶Իʸ̩ĳӡ
տͷֻһ̽飬㡰סһ˺Ĵ𣬽żͷɫ͵ش䣬͵˦ѻʸ̩󣬴ӰɰȻǡӰɰˡӰɰȻûⲻܡ
˺Ȼ󻩣ǼʦҲٱֵȻϡ㣬˵ģ
λߣΪҽʦ˻ɵĿǣǰƢͶŭ𣬲ʱ¹شͷһ㱣ٴʸ̩һ̽ӻٽʸ̩ת˹ȥƵסԷĺģһ̽
ۡ
ʸ̩ܲסһտѪҺ˳Ȼء
Ӱɰ̹ġӰɰһΧļҸֶǺȻɫȷСʿ˵滰
ˡӰɰ綾˾ȻܴǶδ˵飬ǰСʿʲô˰
һʱ֮䣬ڳ˶ǰСʿ
ʱܵ˾ҶٿȻŭŽųͷTMDǸƴ򰡣Ҳ˸ŪTMDҵ
ʱбΪҽͷŵ޴룬֪Ǻá
ʸ̩һ֣ʾԼ£ȴСŵôޣݺݵصҽؽʸ̩
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͵תҶȵΪǼҶ⡮Ӱɰ޲ô
ҶһŵȻЦ˵ʵҵϣܽκá
ʦһ࣬һЦضҶΧոջһԾɫڶ֣ҲϷʵı鿴Ҷ
Ҷͷһôѵа취ʸ̩ⶾɣ
Ҳ˶˰ɣʦ˵ߺߣοҪʧˡΪ˶Ը̹֣Ը⡮ɰӰ綾ҼҶСǰʯͷԼĽš
Ҷɫ䡣
TMDµһҽġҽɡҶȻˡ硱ûôɵ飿ѵҪʸ̩ɥڴô
Ҷвƽǿ򶨣˵ˣСҪҽɡǰһҽѧء뼾һˡ
ߣˡ
ʦǰһץסҶ󣬹ȵ˵ΪСһλµһҽҲҶʶһСľɡ
Ҷ𻰣Ҵߡ
ʸ̩ҪȴҶգʾ޷
ĺˡǷӦŪ㶫ҽøڵĶȻټҶأҶȴ˵𼾼ҵĴ֮𼾼ҵأ
ʦҶ÷ͷҲأԸôλС׼ի
ҶٿȻŹǣŽͣٷǡ
ʦŭס
ҶٺһЦЦˣƶͺһڡ


040 ҽɸͽ
Ҷ¿㣣ȴץס˼ʦά㼾˶ûðɣȻоյصõ׿ϡ
Щ飬ˡһʼʦⲻŹҶˣɱǣҲôȥˡһ̣ͷͱȽѰˣͬʱԼҲס룺Ȼ˾ͲҪڣôˣһ£Ҳôȥˡ״̬£ʦٴСʿķһΡ
ҶҲɵ£һɶżʦɱڵӣʱȥϻƨɣ˵Ļᱻҧһڡ
Լռ˱ˣ˴ʱٹ̼Էˡ
ҶʦקţֱԺҵĺĸѺŻʸ̩͸ں

Ƴϡ
繳˪࣬ˮ
СԺ֮⣬Ϸǳ
ʱʦɫ䲻续ҹ
ΪҵļʱļʦȻ˵ԼСԺ֮⣬һʹǼңǸ¶µˣȲͨҲòһվ赭дضס˼һڸֵȥ·
񣬽ռʦ˻³ʦ𻰹ãЩƣֶۣ˼ʱѾ˯£ڲţλذɡ
·֮ˣᣬᣬһ˿̻ҶһɫǺ졢Щ²̨ļʦиеʮֵĺЦͬʱɵöǰµȻġҽɡ֮ͽеֵĺ档
ҽɵͽܣҽ˺εȵزأĲ˵ͲװЩ˵ͷء
ʮˡӣһϮ׻ɫ嵭ţȻٳڣֻǶһʣ񵭵˷ۡ
עģһ˫۾˫۾·𴺷紵֦ַ·µĺˮĻһȻԸɣƺ¼ûκ¿ɢеģֻƵᡭ
Сѿɷ
뼾ɡ
ʦȡһȴԷ΢Цܾ
ʦΣֻʩǣȻˣĳݷҶ
εļʦ˻طǸƵ΢Ц͡
˭֪˵Ϊֹڳ֮˽ߣΨһ۵˻λƵСԺߡ
ǱˣҶ
û뵽Լ֮ܿ󣬻лﴳһʱδ裬ԷѲСԺٿȻһ֮£ʵףλ
Ҷһ˦ӣʾС˵Ҷ˯˰ɣ
æصͷҶٺһЦ˵˯±áʱҹɫˣ̨ȴСԺ¶񲻼įСδ÷һСһΣ
ļȲĿˣ˽ԴСԺ˵ҪԼȾƣ겻ɵһֻĸоֻСʿףʲ֮һɳ֮ΪֹȻݣңѣ֮
˶˵Īòȡˣʵϣһ˳˺òȷкܶƣ벻˼ᣬ˽̸Ļ
ҶԷȻʦΣҲǧ֮⡣
국΢Ц˵λСЦˣʦԣҽȶһµƣӰжСܲʦѵʶơ
Ҷ´ԷһҪ˵䲻һԵļʦ˵СȻҶҵ˯ǻǲˣϷ߰ɡأԴĿǡ
Ҷڰ֣˵ˣˣģͶ˶ôܵأô˻мߴ³Ҿˣл
ʦһ£иǰװһ̬֮ʱǰһ˵⼸СᰱаɣԻ˴ȥͷġͶˡ
ȻλһȾˡ
ҶȴתͷһԵ꣬˵λ̨λֵˡɰӰ綾ʱѹסǵĶԣһʱˡλ̨ǡҽɡͽ֪ɷһأ
걾ؿ˿Ҷ뼾ʦ֮Ĺϵеʮֻ֣һ˵꣬ԼҪͿͣСʿͻȻᵽɰӰ綾ɵȤ
ף˵λ̨ˡɰӰ綾
ǡ
ϸ˿ʸ̩Ͷһۣ˵ͷ˵λ۰׷ƣѪߣɫ͸࣬촽ϣȷ˾綾󣬶Ҿ綾Ӧǵһʸ̩ţ΢һ̾λ̨ȻˡɰӰľ綾ԶƵҩһĤλõУǲʹԱ㲻ᱻй¶ȥһգסҩҩᱻոɾʱԷһ
ɫһҶʵղŵ˵ѹסɰӰ綾ıǵˣ֪õʲôҩ飬¹֮ҩﲢרԡɰӰһ涾רҩһͨõҩԶԸɰӰ¼󲿷ֵľ綾ɷ̹ʵ˵Ҫҩ¡ʮ涾е֣⡭
һϯڳ˶ǺȻ󾪣벻ҽɡ֮ͽСʿֶƳ硣
Ҫ֪ʮ涾֮ɫ䡢֮ÿһֶ⧲֮¶ʧصԸߣмֵҩж֮ɿѸٷ´ҩԱƵȫط㹻ʱѰҽҩǰź£Σмħ䱻ƳˣöҩȻϣ˵ֵָҩڶһһ¾綾ֺ
ֵҩڻᱶʿû¡гûҵĶһߣò֪ᱻ˭͵͵¶㶪ԼС
ˡҽɡ֮ͽĻٴζصСʿе塣
ֻ˵ҶԴ˺⣬ʱλҽɡͽŨȤԷƾ۾۲ȷ˶о綾ʵֶʵڸԷƾŻʸ̩촽ϵȷ϶Ե˵Էҽһ;ž˵Ĵԡ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵̨ǡҽɡͽƶͶءֻʱ䣬ƶడ̨ƣҵҲԸ̨Ϣаݻɡ
ҪҶ˱˵ȤڷתҪߡ
׷ҽ߾ΪĿ꣬ϲоҽʱҽ˸ͬˣͣҪúý̽һʱԷнȥ׷Ҷ뿪ء
æסҶЦСĪСϲҽһЩ޷
תżʦ˵Ԥ⼸λڴ˴ƣ֪ɷͨһأ


041 
ʦ벻ղŻ͵꣬ת㽫Լķ˵ϼαв뵽Էǰƺ󹧵̬ȣмȲƽ⡣
ʦа⡰ҽɡ֮ͽҲǸˣղŶҾͽҡˡ
ԷϾǡҽɡͽܣԼ򲻿ɵæһЦ˵ȻС˳Ȼӭ뼸λԺͷԸΪλԤƲˡ
˶лˡһף̬Ϊ֮ǰֱˡ
ҶаǸҽգΪҽҲǿ͵бҪԤЩҩúýһԷǡҽɡӣп϶ľЩôͷٰѱ㡭
ǡᰱʦҶ˻ߣҲ׼⽻£пļˡ
ǵøƷĪҪ̫̣ǧΪԹҵȣЩ˵ϣĭ֮ǧҪа
ʦһŲȿգԵͷŭȵҼҡ
Ҷߣ˵㼾ŵԲԣԲĭģ֪ˣ֪ˣ鷳óɣҶӶˡ
ʦһְҶ뷨ⱲӶûôֲΪԷϵðʧɱ˶ԷСʿأֲϻʮ涾쵤ҩ
һΡ

żʦԱӣҶЦǰϡ
ʸ̩οЦ˵λǰһصľӣ֣ε޵ˣҼҺȺŮ֮⣬ҶˡΪ˷Ѫˡ
ҶЦŴҪӣҪˣҪǰʲôףʲôӣҲΪǸȷͷ㿴·ӣͷüֱ࣬ൽ˷ָĵزôҪӵˣҪúһ£ۿȥô
Ҳ֣Ϊ˸ʬôȻ֪ҪӵˣΪң϶ҲΣգΪһʵĿˣóҺòײôĴ׵ر㱻˿ˣһûռء
ʸ̩ɵȻʧЦĿŵȡôСʿг˸м
һҶ˵ʽĲСӣʱҲȫҶλүǾһģȻֻʱġ
ЦеؿŸǰˣǵݺ֣ȴûţֻǾһߡ
ʸ̩ǻ壬ȴǸʿǲç֮ҲύʱŹ롰ҽɡͽȵʿύĻأæΪ񣬵λ̨ЦǼƽɢˣ̨ǰû˷ִ磬е¡
국Ȼ˵޷ڹʽͽȻķʱ䣬ֱˬ졪
ҶһĴȣ޵Ŷ˵ôһֵܾôȣԭԭءȻ࣬ʱ÷һҶƹ۵ʿһۣﲻ䡣׼ᡯ֣ٿϰ˿ûһĵطϾһʱȴ˲
ؿҶ˵벻ҶֻǸʿ塭
ԱߵĻʸ̩ҲһؿҶ벻ļһȻҲ֮ģȻֵþ壬ֻǻʸ̩»ЩʣɵеֵʵδϵҶ־֮ģϧº֪ˣֻǡֻô֮ǰûҶ𰡣
ҶĶŶһйԼϵףüλЦˣҲûôе뷨˼Ǽǰ̹֮󷽲ģǸ˳ޣ׼̹дѸ˶Թ޵ĸ߶ȣԵҺˮƽи߶ȡеôʱ̹Ǳ߽ٲƽɫģţҲ˷вǡ
ͻʸ̩һ㶣࿴һۣɵúȻЦһվСŶЦö˵ϡ
Сʿֱˬ˲ò
һᣬһЦѵҶôҪһףκˮ֮
һͣǰѾһľƺ«ҡΡ
ǡ
ҶٺһЦǼԼĹƣЩϣţ㣬ӳפݵĹЧŶ
ŶȤӹο«죬һ֮ƮþưȻл֮壬
ͷһڣ۾ٿȻһֺһڣһڱ֮ȵǺþƣⱲӺȵõˮƱˡҲµòˮɣ֦ѡƻ֪Է񣿡
ҶЦŴĴָ˵˵öԼû뵽ҽƷƵĹȴҲһ˵ʲôҽ֮˲ƣƽʱû͵źȰ
국ȻһЦ˵ʦʵĺƣʮǣƷƵĹǳһˡ
оƺ«ԱһＱĻʸ̩λ깰һ񣬼˵¶ɢʯʦѧҽϰն꣬书ίʵôҽмʦ߳洫ֻʣһЩҪſʩչҽδѧ͸˴ݣһʱʦҸżЩ棬һҲҪμӡᡯµӢܡ
Ŷһ񲻿ͬУ
ɢʯһЦȴô飬Ҫ뿪ô򵥡
룬ҲƣЦɡ
ʱʸ̩¾ƺ«˷˵ֵСҽˣСܻʸ̩λҲܲµǵ񾸰ʵ۵ʮӣһʵүԶϣδޣ벻ȴ·̹Ϯ涾ΩԸǰһ棬Ըӡ
˵һˮƣؽҶ
ɢʯһŵȻ˵ŶԭʮӰɣЩʱøС㿴
ʲô˵ʲôʸ̩Ȼθߵ˵òˣʲôôҪҪΣգ
ʸ̩էԼ˼ĺİ˾ȻԱ̩Ȼ򶨣͵س嵽˶ɢʯǰסԷļ򣬲ͣҡΡ
Ҷæȥѻʸ̩ȰĪĪݶ˵ģôżʲôأ˵㿴УСһǼ࣬ġ
ʸ̩֪Լһʱ鼱ֹЩ֣ǸȻԼԼСĹģߴʵ֣˵ô


042 Ѩ
ɢʯ黳ʸ̩ղŵĳ嶯ֹӵ¶ı֣еΪ壬ͬʱҲӵܵǿԽύ֮ˡ
Ī
ĪҪ˳ƺѵͶԵѣα۸ߵֱֲ͡ɡֱԲҲǶֵĳô
ʸ̩̬ȵöɢʯΪ͡ΪԸڳ͢мǼΪϡٵģһǳǸ໥֮乴Ķǡɢʯϲʿʸ̩Ǹ߿һۣҲһ۶ѡ
ɢʯ˵ͷƽ˵ʸ֣ĳһȰڲܼС㡭
Ϊʲô
ΪС״̬ܲá
ʲô
ʸ̩͵վȴҶذסɫѪɢʯ̾˿ͻȻǰһĨǰָ̽һĨһϸţë˻ʸֵ̩ĻѨУ룬ʸ̩ƽѪɫٱ
Ҷ֮ѨֶֺΡ
ɢʯЦȴۿĻʸ̩˵ʸĪƣѹڵĶԲС㳤ÿգЩᣬʱƫֲϲϰ䣬ʦ¼СĲڱ桭
ʸ̩桱⻰Ҫվ
ҶһָѨʸ̩Ȼλϣֻ۾գգͣߴﹾתҶϽ⿪
Ҷ̾λ磬һºòá˵Ǹܲ΢㣬ֱ⣻Ǹܲ΢㣬Ѫܻᱬġ
Ҷаǰǽ⵱ϲЩĻ˵Ҳ뷽跨ǮƹԹԷϡȻɢʯԲô˵飬˺ܲ˵ġ
ɢʯ΢΢һЦ˵ʸ𼱡СȻΣգʦûд󰭡ڼС㱻ʦʩԡѨַѾͨҩÿ޴󰭡ӵǿˣĲȻѽ⣬ʱգ»˾أʱҲѾˡ
ĿһŻʸ̩˵ĳڴ⼾СĲҪӴκĲһʸ֣֪СĲǴӺζˡ
һ仰ʸ̩ȼеٿȻԣġں޵н档
Ҷһ̾⿪˻ʸ̩ѨȻſſ̱ڣ־־ȫң·ؼûʲôȤ
һ䵭ĶɢʯҲɵð̾һ̶˵ڲʸȥĳֻüСüԼСĿǰΣա
ȫûа취ôʻģȴҶ
Ȼˡ
һ仰ʸ̩һа취Ҽһ棿ʲô취Ը⸶κδۡ
ɢʯȻ˵ұһ뷨ʦҲʾгɹĿܡֻ취̫գһƲãüСǣҲξȻҶ֡ҶְæǸɹʱȻмüСȬԺҲٷ
Ҷ֣ʸ̩а취ǴΪҪҶİҲк桭
ǻʸ̩ҶҲЩ֣һʱ㶼ؿŶɢʯĽ͡
ʱ֦ͷСԺһƬ
׼ľƲ룬ɢʯһڲˣű㽫Լ뷨渵

ҹ
Ҷͻʸ̩ˣһֵŮĴ£ڡᰱĺԺ԰С
˾ظŮ󣬶ոɢʯһϯʱͷơ
ڶɢʯƼõİ취һֱҶԺǻͣ
ȣɢʯüС´ĲˡŻ¶衱Ĺƣ΢־֮ʣι¾綾ݡֶݵˣѪҺвһֽ״Ѫȫ˵ˣǷֶݵˣĹֻγɵʲѪ˨һְɫ͸Ķ乹Ѫơɢʯô־綾Ȼʹá컯סЩʱ฽Ȼûʸ̩֡
ʸ̩ĳֱȻȲٴˣʱɢʯʩ룬סԡѨ֮ġݡ綾һͷţЩٶѪܵʣΪ٣ֲ
һᱻȫպҲٵܲˣȫ˼õĲ֢պҲֻɱ
ɢʯ뷨أܴ󵨣ȻķҲܴвҴС㶼жĿܡ
ʸ̩ʮֵģüչһ·
Ҷܽô˼뷨Ϊɢʯǰ֮ͬܽС⡣ֻɢʯķΪֲһѪܣǲԭȱ𡢴ĵطǣ΢޴ǰҲǼϸ緢˿ѡ
ҽɡҶʦͽҽѧֶε塣
һҹգڴһ¶źڵһСԺԺŲӣҲġ
Ժ͸ƻ𣬿˴ɨ˷䣬Ŷ˵ĵ
ʦûпˣûʹ˯֮
˵ͷ·С澻ӯӯһ˵λӵסˣ˵ģ˴šλ밲ЪзԸԺ֮Сֵڡū澸ˡ
ŮһһʱСѳСԺ
벻⼾ҵôȱְҵ񰡣Ҳʻ̧ȾߡǾͶ𡭡Ҷˮ¶ǣҲЩ΢
ʸ̩ҲЩԺûҶ߰˵ЩʲôֻǱʾ˵ҲԹ˼ң̰˼һҹû˯Ҫˡο˼ǵзѣ˼û˦ɫǲˡСӡ
ڣүֻСûƣֻǿЩƣ룬˽ԼæӦ
ȥЩˮүҪϴϴţȻͷ˯
СæӦǡ
룬һԵҶȴһ˵αô鷳ֻҽҹˡ
ʸ̩γԣ
ҶһŬ죬˵ʱйʱֻ˯ʧͼǿŭ
Ŷʸ̩ɫһתʱСԺĴŴڴ򿪣߳һһ
ȴǸݵĿͷ뱤Ĺͷ󺺡
ǰݵĿ߰રળẓ́һ˫Բ۴ϷʵıҶһˣһûĵģԱߵĴ󺺣࣬ЦҲ֪ʲô


043 սؾһ
ڶСԺٿȻ
ҶЦظǰʻһԵĻʸ̩ѾǰһǸߣΪ˵̩ʰòͳ죬֪һɺã
Ҷһ㶣׹ԭͷҲǹ֮ˣְλͳ죬ȻӦǴڸ֮һܹڻʹͳһְҲ֮
Ҷڤ˼룬ѰҼпʹú̴Ϻһ֣ţտġ
ͷƤҲ˦ʸ̩һ£રળں̣һŨ³ڣһʱס˰Ż˵ˣʮ£ѲڻʹﵱֵյѾкأ
ʸ̩ʧһЦȻ˸ȫʵλҹȺ̩кβǲ
һ˵ͷӿɲģС廹ǸϽЪŰɡͷ°һŻʸ̩ҶһЦͷλСʿġ࿵꣬˸˸ºŽС׶ѣҲֺţʶһ°ɡ
ʸ̩һ󾪣ԭҶ鷳ģ½ԼԼ⡣뵽˴ʸ̩æʩ˵ϣһжᣬҶΪҲš
ס졪ǳ⣬һ֮ɫСʮǿˣַܶŷŹģΪƾԼ飬ұ㲻ѵ𣿹һȥ
ʸ̩ɫһް仰˵ڡ
׶ꣿ
ԭ
꽭ڵϵĶдؾϵ˳͢а벻Ȼ˴ڵͳ죬ڵȻ˳͢ٺ»ﵱ˼ҵļҽˡ
ͷ֪һ׶Լں˶̹йٱʵʽѨʮ׶߽֮ʮ꣬ºպһȻǸСͷе׶Ҳ˺̴һڵۣʱµСͷ
Ҷ˶ȻԷҰеġ׶˺̸ˣ֤Է书뻯ѾӰ쵽ɱķˡĶ֣ɱøӿ¡
ҶһЦҶδλǡҶ֣ûʲôֺţԼֱӱԱߵĹͷʵ
ǹͷ׹һ֣Ҳ񣬱˫ֱ˵ң˳ơϥ⡯뿵ϲڶĿȴͬС˷ҵʵƽԸСֵֽֽ̣СֵܵϵıǲǸƤһ
ٺ٣ɵ˵ĲСѣѡһɣңסŶʲôӣǸүǾͿȭͷʤƤǵı¡ѡɡ
ѡʲôѡġ
һǡؾĿ꣬һǡؾߵҡ
࣬Ҳ޼˽ĸ֣һóѨһó͹Ҷý˵ǲ̫׶Ը֮ˡԷԼᣬȻûըһʹΪԼæңܣδҲ̫ῴԼˡ
Լǡ۷Ϊεʱ򣬶ʦֶȡؾ񡱸ֵĹͷʱֵԼЩ۸ڶν֣
ҶһߣЦλȻѰ鷳ģСܹ˴ʧƫأλһϰɡ


ٿȻŭҪ֡
һȡ
Ҷ͵һȣֵͣĽߵԱߵ
Сëڸʲô㿵үүȸСરહں̣澫̴ͭյͨ죬ҲȲүӴʱŭʢ
ү԰꣬ƽûˣһأһı䣬øҰɡ
һɸҪԣǹͷҼ˵̳ӡ㻻
һ㶣һɫҧҧ˵Уͺӣⳡ̽ˣҺúýѵѵû˽Сë
һûд𻰣粽
ʱҶҲѰҵ˳һߣһ˦˦еڣ˵ϴδõɵӣûһӴˣЩʵˮֹ󣬵Թã˴򹷣һʮ㡭̧ͷһüͷһ壬ףһϣôһˣ
ҶԼһһߵҺͿ̣ΪʲôСʿһһ˻
Ը㣬һ͹ˡΪЩСӵİϷδ̫ĵˡ˵껰һٿȻ侲ζҶ
ݺὭʮ꣬ĲɱԼ壬Ψһ԰ģԼ֣ԼԵʱ侲̬۶˭ȫĵͶս˿ΪֿƵܶӶ֣νʨӲãȫҵĿ֮
ҶսʱѹԼδĸֽͬʦֵܶԼɽ֮󣬲һ̹ë֮ǰֽѵķ㣬Ҳǡڵѡ֣ԼͷûᣬҲֻĳɣʹöԷΣϣиԼչѧ
ң
Ǹ֣ԵоḻҪԼԽʯ
ҶٺЦ˳ֽ֦һýһָָңԸ㣬һ͹ˡʲô
ҵȭƱԼƣԿ͹һ֣Ȼһ籩Ḻֳ́Ӯ
Ҷ˼ɣȻóȳ֣ʸ̩ɵһ̾ԷĹͱҶǡԪ۷ĸ֣ʮսḻʱҶȻöԷȶ֣ʵǹд󣬿ǽԼյء
ʸ̩ĵĲͬһԵġ׶ȴҳ϶СʿǺû棬֪ηҾȻȳ֣Լľ㲻ԷӣôһǼԼİΪСʿܣڵҩʵÿ߿һۣɴʱһǸĺúúõؽѵһأýĿһ֮˿תģãԽԽ硣
ȻǾ͹ֲˡ
һ࣬ȵ롪
һ٣ˡ
˶ͬһŰɫĻ浱У͵Ҷ;ٴ̤أٿȻתۣǰһţͬһҶ
ҶһðתתơԷһ⣬׼߶ԷתԷϣԷԾ֮£Լʩչռơ


044 սؾ
ҶһǡתơոƵԷ⣬Էһ⾹ȻУɽ衣
һƺصֱͬʱͬһѸֵһնҶľ࣬ҡϥ⡿еľСⵯնǿƵһʵȴǺУֱ֮ƺնʵС
ҿҶԷ˵սҶһ֮䣬ֵԼϣֹҲ²һֽѧԼСⵯնöԷ費ֲ֮ʱԸ
óȻյЧ
á
һԵĿкãһлСʿܴ档
ʸ̩ٿȻľСӸǺȻ
ۼ⼫ٵһƱҪնҶľ࣬ͻҶǵȻһЦҾ֮ʣƾȻڶԷľǰδԷֺԼеһһɴϮԷƶȻ٣뿪ԼĴΧ
ԭҶһƻδ赽ͬʱҶ̧㣬һŵڶԷ£ŷ֮Ʈˣܹ˶ԷƵնͬʱһţ֮ľ룬˶ԷһãҶսӦν죬ҲǡʶܶĦڭǾġʶĳݷӦ
һ޹ֳ˶Էһţʹɵŭ죬һȣٴγҶ˹
ҵĴ򷨣ΪֱӣھԶʱ򣬰Լ˵˱ұٽӽ֣ڹǰһϣ⣬ϥǣŵڵôҵģֱӳˣһӽ˶֣ʽ򵥣;ףԲĶԷһǹǶϽۣһͿء
ҶһǸóĴ򷨣ӲĶ֣Ҳģ˫룬ҪǿҶ
ϱƮ˵ҶͬڵңмһЦδ֮ʣ˫תһ͵ƾս赽һɵαΪӭҷͬʱȻθ߾룬˽֮ʱҶҵͷ
ҴһһãδκηӦ֮ʣͷҶһȣ͵»
ͬʱһľ죬Ҷ⸡֣ӿٿȻγһ˴Сľ޴ƣͷҵϡ
ҶôѹҴȻڵϣһɾ޴вСԺеɳ͵شͬɳһܼȥСԺ紵ۣ꺧Ȼ棬ɳҵۣ޷˹ֿĻʸ̩͸Ǳ̼䱻ڵأغ«عγȥġס
һСԺعž֮һ㶼˵
СԺƽɳϣһ޴ӡСԺУ磬ϰӡУҽ˵£˫֤ѻԡ
Ҳãɱ
ҶһһС־زԼƣ˵׳գΪð񽣾һҪôˡؾ񡯾ΪԼǸˣTMDɵˡ
һףС־ƮȻҵϣڵס˫ʧ˫ۡ
һεģµĿڻû֮ǰ˱ԤУ
һˤڵصĻʸ̩ͶˣҲһε֪컬СʿԭϵĹҲһϬĿ໹ҪϬ
ҶϾظ˸Щĵۣһ߳꼸һεҡͷ̾Ϣ˵һϣƫƫţΪռұˡ˾͵÷ϣԽʹͱ˱ȼԡ
ҶһϿͷһ߻ߵĸǰſһϢɫһȴƳԱߵĻʸ̩ʹɫɵʧһЦΪԷŭһһʱ֮Ȥȣ̾˿˵˼һӢף֮±㵽Ϊֹɣأ˴ǸԺ˯ֵܡ
ӶԷԼ߹ʼһֱ䱸ţ׼ţ׼ŶûзһȡʤˣңԼ֮ĲҲֻһ֮ˣԼҲӮˣڶִ£Լ͵Ϯɹ
ǣҶȡʤ߹빥ΧٵԼǰԷ꾹ȻûڶԷҵһ˿һһĺ󱲣书ǾҲ˳ڣֺµɥĸо
Ҫ֪ÿʱÿ̶ڽ䱸е״̬һ뽭ܹӵеģǾɱԶɵһϰߡûϰߵˣѪˣϰߣҴﵽôˮƽˣûһǰСʿôᡣ
ȫ۵Ĺû˷й㣬һʱ֮£ɣԼľֻɢ۵ĹһɣÿеһᣬĪһǣ˲һҪһеĳ嶯
ףҶһƣѾȫսʤԼѾ˿᲻ֹ֮еĵ˼תӵؿҶʵղһơѦʲôϵ
ʸ̩һôƷѦүӵġ֡ô񰡣Ѧү洫ǡԹոҶһƣֻͨԵƷҲԣȫһ·ֻ֡ƷȻҲγӡǽ۳εٿմȥͣǸƺΪһ壬˸״Ĵӡ
ʸ̩ԲţҶȴһͷ˵Ȼһ֮㿴Ʒ̺һ˿֡˾򡭡СȷǵõѦǰָ㣬˼֡֡Źˡ֡еһЩѧԭԴһƷơ
Դ
СʿŶͣԴѧǲģƷʮ㣬ǽӽ켶ѧľ书ֻǶԷĴУη
̾˿˵ơ֣ð䡭벻ҵ˼ҲǺôȻ󱲶Ƕ֣ˣˡϲԽΪܣϷʱˡ
һ˲䣬ŷ˼ʮ꣬ȻˣٵҸǰ̧СҾ˰ӴӰȻ뿪СԺ
ʸ̩øſȥ˵û뵽Ȼû֡
ҶǰҲû뵽һΪ֪³ֶԸңп͵ϮңҲһ·ţͻȻϮ˭֪Ȼûг֡Щʧ
ʸ̩ȻʧЦ˵һؾִûͷְһؾŵѪɫ㻹˵ʧֻֿ˰ɣ
ҶһЦȴ泩ѼԺ֮£ûԼսĸֻ֣ҪսõõСĲ֣ҶҲûȡʤĿܡ


045 һɽ
Ҷġصľ磬ĵ֮£һ߼Ϊǿļ̺޾Ͷ֮䣬ǧľ
ˡ֡ġơ䲻һֱӽšϥ⡱֮ƵҰ£ǰ󲻹еʱ䡣
ȻȥĿ꣬Ҷ˷֮࣬δЩʧ䡣ܾȻȥͷЩǵĻһĻ䣬һįԼͬʸ̩ǰңŻʸԸһʱΪԷĵӣ˵ִٰ˼֮ܶԷʹͷ˼Լŭ𱬷֮󣬾ȻЩûڡ
ʸ֣˵ǲЩ֣ҶеСʵ
ʸ̩һ˵֪Ϊҳͷɡʵڹʱ򣬿ҼõģȹһСʱ̰棬һѣϵ·ĿҡϧվȻĹϵ
ȻˣΪβֹң
ֹʲô˼Ҷұ׼ʹɱֵʱ¹ģǷһ·أ˭֪ͻȻôؾǰʮĸֱֶӱѹ
ǺһЦ֪¹ֲûʸ̩ԼҲʵȺ£һʱͬķģЩͬߣʵϣԼ˼Ҵܣ¶ԷԼġ
Լ̫˰ǰԼֻûɱϸףʵԻϲġ
뿪硯ô
ģڡҶԿ˽⣬˰ӣ塣걻һҲ˲˳ڵ˳ָ͢ż߻֮۵ٴڼΣ֮ʣҲǻġ
ҵΣ֮ʡǺǣҶһЦʵôҲˣ
ʸ̩ҡͷʧЦǸôԣţǼڲû⣬ǲǹ¡ֻǲ֪ôһ£֪Ǹ㵽ǺηʥҲҼʲôΣ֪βܾһҾٺǻʸңԶ߻㣬˵ǱԭγΪǻػһˮƽأ˵黳ܲ塣
Ҷ˵ͷΪȻ
һ̾˱󴫳ٿȻһ䱸
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֪ηڴˣβһݣҶѧϿ̨ʣקġ
һԵĻʸ̩ɫ粻̾Ϣһʵ³ʦôʮء

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ҶؿŻʸ̩⾩ˣǹ㡭
СʮСʮҲգһɡǽɡ
˶ʱһԭ翵ȻǴŵƵķ洫ģոռѰҲȷλãʱ̣ԷֹǴӷ洫ģɵöԴ湦еֵĲ˼顣
˵еġǧﴫô
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Ҷк棬ڵλ˵϶켶ĸ֣˼ʦ֮⾹Ȼϵĸ֣³Ǽʦᰡ
ѵǡµһɽ³ͨ
Ҷк棬Ż̫ʹɫ̫ȴ΢һҡͷȽ˷š
ҶԵɵɣ֪⵽ʲô˼
ڵǲ³ͨ
ҿкöҪء
Ҷź֮ģݡ
һ֮ǰߣҡһԲΣһ֮
յҴĹӳ£ֻмļҾߣΪ֦ľƣɹŸ߹
ʱһԲ֮ǰƷеһ裬ԲԱߣһͭС¯һˮϰ׵ĲߣˮཹླྀպտˮϲһڣǵһƬ㡣
Ŀֻ֮Էڣݹ׾棬ȻܲµԷվ֮ʱߣ֮ǿĳۣʹ˸ɽֹơ
ġһɽ³ͨ˰ɡ
ҶĿһᣬǣԣһգԺٿȻһ壬ɵ̾һһò衪
֮˺ٺһЦ˵СʮλСѿ£ϷƵġɺü֮һЩȲ裬ǽơ
ʸ̩δĳΪһʱδݼһԵҶһƨԷһ̲һ
ʱһɹ̵㻬ףһ΢΢һ̾㣬΢ھ溹ҺֱкͣȻһ裬˰ҹ
Ҷ㣬һ̾ò裬Ǻò衪
ؿһվһԵĻʸ̩ô˻ʸ֣µһɽ֮Ƶ³ͨ³ʦƷ裬ôһ㶼а
Ӧڻʸֻ̩յб̵ĲˮԼУһٴ̾Ϣ˶˵³ʦǡµһɽҿֱһҶĿҪ˵³ʦǡµһ֡ʲôһŪһ
һ仰³ͨЦҶЦֳ˻ʸ̩һѣڰɫСʮ
³ֽͨݺõһ裬λСˣȻ֪˼˵ĻȻ˼òǳ֮ǰ伾ҵЩ֣ͱŪȥΪ㻹Ǹء
ҶٺһЦ˿ΪƣȻ˵˶ۣԼ趨ƣǸС֮ⲻ˱۸ƽʱܱռˣԼһռ˵ıˣ㱻˱żǣ˵ʲôα֮ġ԰Ҫõģӣˡ
³ͨΪ죬ɵЦʵ벻СѾȻ뷨˵ǣ˶ӦСˣ֮ӬӪĲȷô
ȻˡҶһڣ֮裬ԵţȲʲôӣҲʲôСˣԹ¼ɡҸɣڣңңαƣѰأ
³ͨȻʧЦ벻СѲۣһŵģѵãѵá֪٣¶࣬ʱңҲңáھҪɱСѣָ֪ңأ
һ䣬һɼ۵ɱٿȻ͸ǵȻϮԼҶ
³ʦҪʸ̩æҪסҶ
Ҷʧ룬ææŵػסϵĲյɱӶ˫٣˲佫ϰںõˮȫ̾һ˵ããպü˺ò裬Ū˾Ͳúˡ


046 
ʸ̩ҶľֹŪһ֪СţΪֹڳˣÿγ¶ᱻҶĹٶŪ÷ΣʱԴӲͣ״̬
һ³ͨҲһ㶣Ҷ˹죬ɱȻأɵùЦʵʵɱȻɢ
³ͨżΪ͵˵벻Сѻһ֮ģϷɱˡ
ҶʧЦЦ˵ǰЦˣʵ̩֡ɽǰɫı£ֻǾ³ǰǧؼһ棬ֻΪɱô򵥣ǰֻɱȴɱģԴ⣬³ǰ᲻̽أ
ŶСѵڳ˰Ȼܵвɱ⣬²Ҳɱˣֻ̽
Ҷҡͷϡ
³ͨһ㶣ôԣ
ҶٺЦտʼȷôģûҲף㿴ǲҪˣԺϼȸϽȥȻ˵뷨û뵽Һ꣬ǰɱҲ˻ðһ㶣̶¶Ȼ֮ɫ˵ǰ֪ʵ飬ڲڷŹҰɣ
³ͨЦҡ˵ᣬᣬʳԷأ
̾һʮûôˣѵСôˣҲֲʮɻΪѣⱲ޴ʱ
ҶΪȻص˵ͷǳԼǻʸ̩ѣǼͬǾ䡰Ⱳ޴顱ʸ̩ľ顣
ʸ̩˫Ŀͨ죬̲סᣬߵʮڹù¶ѹûѺȾ죬û꺮ůҺãҲҰסˣʦͽסˡ
ɵӡ³ͨҲȦͨ죬һ仰Ҳ˵ȥˡ
һԵҶȫס
ԭʸ̩Ȼ³ͨͽܣҿƺû֪벻ʱȻԼǰ¶ܡҲԼô
³ͨһ̾˵ʦ˵ˣԭԶԶؿһ۱ߣû뵽ȻˡɰӰĶһʱĲ£ſҶϼһûʲô취Űģû뵽ǵǶСӸΪʦŻǰ˵ɣԿʲôûУȴҺͿǵ鷳˵㣬û뵽λС䣬Ȼᷭ״ڣɵ˿꣬ίʵ˳һСܲ
ܵ³ǰ˷ܵĺϡ
³ͨ΢ЦƵƵͷһԵĻʸ̩棬Ҫ֪ԼλʦƢһһĲദֻû뵽Ҷȴʵ
ʦʸ̩ɵʱ龰ипǧ
ڻʸ̩ǸӵʱΪ˵Сľˣ޴˺þãʱιɵ³ͨڹڸ԰Ḷ́ʹ޵Ļʸ̩±޺Сľû뵽СӼļ³ͨҪѧϰľ³ͨΣָ˼ɵľ񣬻εľ֮С⣬ֻϣСĪھû뵽⡰µһɽ¶⼸֣ʮΪż񣬷Ҫѧϰν֮³ͨΣ⴫˼ľԿ̵ַʸ̩û룬׵Ļʸ̩Уһʰ
ֱһգ³ͨ޲ֹĻʸ̩һӡģľǰ޸һʲ֪ջʵۿϼλѧҵʼպԸʱЩ޲ʲôµһͣһߣǴ󽫾֮ԸΨλʮӽҪһľʵǵɶͯϷԣЦѣºʮȴ䳰Լʱһ·ſ̺ã׼׸ʵ˸ϡãԼ޲ãʦޡ
ſ޵Сӣ³ͨһʱھʽջʸ̩ΪͽԼġǬơҲǻʸ̩Ϊó׼ΪƷ
վǻʼӵܣδȥʲôľ
³ֻͨǸݻʸ̩ϲãشһЩ̷ļɣںҲΪ˻ʸ̩ΪȤ֮һ
³ͨδԼɼڻʸ̩ȴѧΪġ
ʸ洫ġǷҵմĸڹɭϣ죬ǲɶõĺ켶Ʒ־ѧ³ͨδڻʸ̩޵ڹķ̫๦򣬶似Ϊģʱգʸ̩Ѿӵ书ŵýǰĸ֣һУ³ͨû
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ʸ̩ͷ
³ͨ˵·߲ͨҲõģ°һָԱߵҶ˵λСıƿɶءǱżʦֻ̬κĶŻٴδ㣬ֶȻ֣ãʹպ汻ҶκãҲ޷㻹ȥǺӡҵߣҲģõþȣҲþȡСӣһΣֻòܾȵ㡭
ʸ̩ȻͷȻ뵽õĲ飬Щ⡣
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ʸ̩Ҷʵʲô£
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³ͨһ٣һ˼Ȼ硱һ渵
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ɽկϰķչڴȽŸկķΧҲСɽɽ彨ҲЩľĸ֣שʯ죬δнյ
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Ӳд˽ʱ䣬岿ѹûл·ԣƫڴʱҲϰ˿կָӾ£ǧ༾˽Ӳ͹ܣǧʬ壬ֻߡ
Ҽ˽ǰ֪ԮԼһµǰΡࡱᰣȸ£ΨԼԵֿ֣󼾹᰼εʱΪұĺڵկš˼Ȼͬ˷Ҽԣʽ֡ұġ硱
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˽꣬³ͨеΧƺöءı仯һĵķ㣬ͷͻȻϴ£ұɲͼıС
³ͨŻʸ̩һ֣ص˵㣬һֱڼ֮£֮ǰһֱãҪҵŮܾ֮־ã£ȴͻȻøߵҲ󷽣Ĵ£ɲȻ˽У֮ࡣ
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ҶɣȻͬ⡣ԼڡµһɽͲ֪οڣȻҵͷϣӦԼ⣬ȴӦȵʱٰԼ뷨˵ԷǷԼ飬ڰ¾׶ˡ
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³Ϸİɣ°Сϡ⼾ʦ߰˼ӡ
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Ҷˣһע⵽Щ˵٣ǰ㿪ЩˣҶ˵ɵúܡ
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ԭ³ͨ⴦硱ȺߣȻڲĲüΪϤһ֮⿴ɭϵĳǱҶһĵȥ磬Ϊ⡣
ȵ³ͨ硱һҪĽҪֵעĵصϵʱȻףµһȻˡ

˵ʲôҺͿȥǵ鷳ܶأʦһŵضűŵ¡
һ˶УǷʲôȡʤʦһȻһ˿ɡ
үԷûˣУҶ֣ǰֻУִ±ϣϡ
ôˣһŭʦֲõԤУȻʵ
ηвǰûг֣
ʲôԷǺηʥȻá׶ֵĵӶûС
֪ˣȥɡ
һ̾ʦߵǰƿ˴һůȴͷ
ԽԽ˳ˣǡ硱һ֣ӲסһδɵСУԷһδɵСʿȥǱ˲˼ȡ̰ͼڹ˲СӶӮٴ֣硱Ӧô
뵽յĿ֣вɵһٿȻ߳뵽һСܳʲô£Щǿĺ֣ǰؼٸҸɳ£Ҳڡ硱һδϴ
뵽˴²һݣҹһϣڸǸǸʸҵС˵ʱˡ
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ȥСԺǼˣȥҽɡ


ɫҶʸ̩ˣ˯˲ʱ㱻˴ӴϺ
СԺУҶʸ̩ͣռһ䷿ݣ˯õ
Եɵɵ˫ۣû뵽һۼˣǼҵˣǼҵˣһ˰ҹˮƵҽɸͽɢʯ
ɢʯһЦ˵λӣǰɣҹôˮƣձô
ҶһĵҪһû˯ڻء
ˣСʯͷôǸʲôҶԹ
һϵʱ䣬Ҷһ˻쵽˼죬˸ţò˵ڲƴڻⷽ棬ҶǸš
ɢʯ˵ҹһϯȥһû˯ȫоʸϵĶأֱ賿ʦ޵ʱеüĿʦЩ⣬ڴɡʸ֣Ķоˡ

ҽϲʱ⣿
ҶԺ︡һͽܶסŲʦϲΡţţСܸɳˡ
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Ͻߡ
ǰһһûôô˼ѪƵءҶϰ֮ˣҶǲףѾǳԽ˵ĳˣһ춼ܡȾƣ˯ҲЩסû뵽ǱȲҩꡣ
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á͡ɡΪϣзġԵôζɣƽʱҶǵǹԵģζܺãһʱȣЧǿٺ٣ϲɣһҸƿ


048 ҽҶ
תۣùȣֱҶͷĿѣ֮󣬶ɢʯָǰ治Զ˵Ŀĵؿ쵽ˡ
벻ɢʯ˵˽⣬治֪С˶á
ףûðҲǲµʱ䡣һǵó֮ʱһŵСӶʦԲѷҳֽѵһ£Сһ²˴ҶߵģʱҼǵʮ̣Ǵ
ҶһһֹĸоɵŵСӣôһ뵽ձԼѵǸ㰡̣ڰѷò˵˳˶һ
δɢʯȻһ棬϶ûСӣһϰǷģôʶô
ЦȻʶˡҶЦ
ֲøʱ򣬷СӶԼ˱ӡ۾ģԭ֮ǰλɢʯˣߵϣˣǿ
ҶŰһ˵ҲѶɢʯô֣˵Сӻ治һᣬαˣ´Ҳˡ
ҶÿɷȻ˵һСӻ᲻ҵ£ֵֶβǸȻô÷أ
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ҲУ˲ɵͶأԺȫ˷һʹޣһ龰
пɹˣǸŰҶȵ
㵽ǿأأôɢʯԻʵ
Լֱֻּ֪Եɿʹˡ
Ϊһҽ֪ľ硢Ѫ񾭵ķֲ֪Ҳ֪ʹҽǾ˵ķʱҲóˡ
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Ǳ֤ԼһӱĲ˼С͵˼ˣ֪пҵ
ҹڣҶ˶ǲסҹôġҽɡסǸСԺˡ
ɶɢʯ·֪СԺλþȻһ԰ĺ棬еȣ԰ȥչ԰ȣȴڻ԰֮䣬󷽻иɻأĽһСͤһСŽȥ
СԺֱǺСԺΪһ壬ǰԺֻһԺţӲ룬Ҫ԰ˡ
ƾżԿ϶ռ˰ݷ֮ʱߵԺŷԶСԺ෽Ļ԰ӡ󣬽һȴɵһɾ޵ĸо
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ͨլУ֮ʱûˣʲôһˣήƨҲҷţҶ෴ʱװˣһˣȴԵػȭͷ
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ȴɢʯһ˻ǰ˵ʦλ̨УλˡɰӰ綾Ļߣһλҩӻ˲СҾжϲ黹мôġ
Ŷ鰸֮תʵƾʦͽ֮⣬Ҫæжϲ飿
תһݿݣͷҰ䳤ݳǰ棬۾о䣬ӡ̵ģϴƲƵشӣ°ϵһƳףɻҰ׵ĺֱƮǰһĳϣ񡭡죡
ҶٿȻһ벻µġҽɡҶȻħãøľȻǸʦѲǴӻִħѧУҵôԸ˿ĳƢҲ֪ôáҽɡķţӦýСҽԡŶԡ
ǶɢʯãֱӵͷͽãҶõĵҩɫǿơɰӰ綾ķǡʮ涾֮еİмѹãȻȫأΪж꣬⡭
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Ҷϲʱ鱾ҶǰһϵףСĪҪҶҶǸˣ֪СõĵҩɴϣҶԸ걨պռڵϣõӢΪɷأ
ҶĿɿڴĵһ񺮡


049 ҽ
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λҶһǻΪΪѪȷʵˣɡ֣òԩ
ҶҵæһܣûܶԷһͬʱ˵Ҷǰ˲ɷһҩѣҽ£ǵҩҩԸͣǰΪ֮ġ
Ҷĸ֮ڡ²˵
ԸʲôˣҪʲôİ취
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ȻһӶȷ£ʱʱ̿ϸԼԼӭռ˱˾ߣҹƽ
ǹƽֿ͹Ըˣǲֱ˵ףΪԷԸᷢ᲻ˬᷢõİ취ǰ׸ȻԷԸŷøĴȥҶ֡塱
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пҽɡӵ˵Ȼ֪ܶ࣬ʲôʱ򣬾п˾ȻԼһҶ˵ȷĲ˵áҽɡټһָ֣ƽˡϽ練ơ
ͷǷ飬ҪһɣҶƱڽǷһծܰ˷Ū°֮գҶǺԼ֮ʱ
ҶϷ飬ԼҲĨǣֱ˵ƽ֮ԸɱˣȺˡ⡮컯ĳ֣ڴˡҩǰвԸһһҲǰһ˵ҩպ߽Ҳǰһβˡ
á־ҶʤкãһԵĻʸ̩ͺͶɢʯ˶һطۣҶţƤıٴθ߶ۡTMDܺơ
Ҷϡ컯ҩһװö컯Ĵƿ
Էǿ϶ҪģмöƷҩ˷ߺܶ·˷ҩġ
Ҷӹҩʹƿ΢ЦŵͷֺؿҩֻһۣһΪרעͶУ˶Ǵҳ´ˡҽɡ¡
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ҶһĴȣáſٳʸ̩Ͷ֣˵ߣһ֮̽̾һ˷˵ԭˣԭˡ
֮̽ҶǵõİߵĺһõɪɪظҫԼá
˵ҩ˼ֱţλ˲֪ҽѧҩҶ˵ھڵתмߵоĽṹΪ˽⡣˾Ȼ˵Աߣҵһ磬ԽرƵ⴦統УҩγɱĤʵʵذֻҪͱƣֻᷢϧ⹹㱣ĤĶУһ󲿷ҪڲʹɣֻγһΣٴηҲγɱĤҲ˵ŵҩÿֻһΣЧ
Ҷ˵˵ţüͷȻ©İ취ԼĴӣֱһüǰһ˵ʵҲܺýֻҪҶںʲγɱĤԭϵӽȥһԵҩԷʹˡû
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ҶкߣĶúˡ
Ҷһţ°͸°ͣһҲ˵ԭôҪ£ǸС
ŴͳһֱӵݸҶ˵СţұΪصıʼǣ涼Ϊмֵҩ֤ͨĽĵһЩĵᣬΪš컯ĲⱾĵãˡ
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Ҷһϯȫ˾𾪣Ǹôˣ˵ôǡҽɡһµġҽߡ
ˣˡ
Ҷһϵأλġҽɡ֮顣


050 Ů
Ҷ˷ܵزС¥ʱĦŻġҽɱʼǡ
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Ϊ컯Ч棬ΪҪǣֵҩҩļΪƽЩüΪϡҩƳɵĵҩ
컯ǡɺ⴫СҩʦĽλʦöˣʹѴﵽ˷˼ĵزģǾöˣΪԶҩ˽⣬컯Ľⶾ浤
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ˣʱҲܲˡ
ɢʯһСԺڷɱȥ

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ѨԶɣҲԶ£ϸţëʱڼؿϣһ㱡ɴҶнѵԭλֹѡ
ҶıԶһѩŮӯӯһͨͬһĳ
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̧ͷһ÷ѩɫ䣬ƺԴ˵ĳΪ֪ԷݣҲ÷ѩ˵֮ЩĽᡭ
ʸ̩˵÷ѩǼõıãСѹ
÷ѩòǼᰵŮɣ
ֻڵӿ֮ƺкܴⰡ
÷ѩҧҧ촽˵ҵ顭ܡ
ϡ
ʣ÷ѩڿնŮһ㣬Ȼȥ
Ҷ￴ѩ˵ԶȥͻȻһֿĸо

һ̾ϢȴҶ𣬡ľƢһǺǣҲһ
ҶûͷҲ֪˭ˡ
СӲǵһˣˣûк³ġһ㻯ļΪ׶Сô
ҶתȻ˵ĵ׵ǲΪ˱Լģ֮ԼԼΪļûΡǰ˵˵Ķô


055 ߹
ҶתĿģһòϡ۵ˡ
еȣȴһ˸ɽֹƣͷĻ׳ţ¶ʵĶͷһ˫´µ˫ۣһּΪǵĸо
ֻǴʱ۵ףȴΪҶһ仰¶һȻͼƣ̬
ҶµûߣǼҵǰμ͢ġࡱᰡ
һʵԵϡ񡱵ĳ׿֡
ᰵĿУûڣںޣΡ
ȻԼһϯò뵽飬˼顭
Ҷ̾һҵ겻ѣҲ÷ѩϣŷξ񣬶񣬼ѣ˶ľ̵İûš
Ҷתƻ˵ƹҶǰ
ƻת̶ֱȣ˵Ϸܾûǰˡѩ⺢ӣһʱȻЩʧ񣬵СЦˡ
ҡ
˵Ҷƹ۵ĵʿ
Ҷͷǡ
᰿Ҷص˵ͷС⼸ʮǳɼ˼õӣлطͥˡ
ǰʶʦ
Ҷ󾪣ԷԶʦżΪϤ֪ɵ֮䣬ȻԼһĶΪϤѵͷ˾̽ɣ
᰹һЦ˵಻ʶʦʦפƹ۵ľٶĽɵġǸѧţҲһҪϷָ㣬ڽһΣҲ鵽ĴУҲŻɱԷȻͨ׷ɱ³Уʦ˼û˵
벻ԷȻʦôԨԴҶɵôϲʩһ˵벻ǰȻʦŶˣݼˣлָ㣬ҵʦŵ˴𣬶𡣡
ɣɡ⺢ӣ˵ʲôˣʵɸֻҲѲΡ

Ҷѵ֪ͥһϦŲɣ
֪ʦǷҲ֪ʦ֪ʦǷҲѾ֪أ
̸Դˣ֮̾ʣ˵þûô˵˵ˣҸ˵˵¡
˵ԺһѰңȻСԺĲݴһԵСʯʨӣһɨƬӲ˲䱻ɾɨǽ֮˵ϵʯʨӺһƬͬء
һʯʨϱߣȵкҶȥ
ǣϡǸոռ˵ԼӵǰѾҪˣʱ죬δе㲻°
᰺ٺһЦ˵İɣѾűȥˣò˶ãϢˡ
ԭˡ
ҶʩʩȻһʯʨϣȻ
ᰶСʿıΪͣԵͷȻ˼һ룬˵Сֻ֪ʦоɣȴ֪ɣԨԴǳŵͨǰ˰֮֮ʱһ
ԭһǽֲֵܰƴҵȡ
᰼˵ʦͨ˽ܳǰ嶼һ䶯½ʢ¡ͨҵ룬ٽݵʱסҵһׯ԰һƬģû뵽ȴ˵ͨӶϷΣһžӢһٶʮˣȫѡϷѶϵ֮ʱǴɽׯѾһƬҽ
˵겻ѣҶȴŭá
û취ÿҶʦŵЩʷͬѧʱѧϰйʷһһӱͻŰѳһٶһͱԴ
ԭʦڼҵɽׯ˶ɱԵʦŵʵǱΧҲ˴ѵ
Ҷһ𣬿ζļᰣ·֪Ҷкһ˫ǵĹâͷ뵽ˡʦһ˾綾綾࣬ӻҽҵδվʬеõȷĴ𰸡־綾ǡʮ涾֮һġȸ
ȸ
ǡȸ۾һУ˵֪ôʸСеġɰӰ綾ʵơȸʱҡ
ʲô
Ҷɵô󺧣ȸ֪ɰӰ
벻ôġɰӰȻֻơȸʣµĲɴ˿֪ġȸָǶô
᰼̾׷١ȸҲΪʲôһѡ񽫼ƾӵ˵صԭ򡣡
ǡɰӰ綾̹ж˵
ɲҰ̹Ѳ˸ϵ䱳ެҲѲ˸ϵ룬ǿ϶еġ᰽ɫһ˵ЩˣֻΧСҲṩˡȸ־綾ִߣˡ
˭
۾һУ˵˵Ļĺֻûȫڳڲ鵽ģͲǵġԣڻ֪
ҶƵһؿڶµҲ˵ĶԣԼҪĴ𰸡ҲԼû취ֱ˼ұԶԷԱûУԼ˽˵֮ԵضԼʵɵͷʦͷԼɿп޵СӣʸۣҶϻ𡭡
һĿ꣬һ֪֡ԼӦøɵʲôҶԼѥӣǿӲرԼ̬ȡ
һЦ˵ðɡϻûϳ֮ǰȸһëɡ
ҶĿ⾼ضżᰡ
Ͻ
͡
ҶһԹͳϲ˵ҲŹЩռͥĻ쵰ֻǼǰǰʾĵˣħŰɣ
˸˵ħţҲǣҲǡСӲҪϹ£ҲҪżûô򵥡
ҶĬ
˸վ˵һΣҡ硯ĵ˵УСϽӰӡ˵ҲǷһЩʲôϷġ
ҶɫΪʲôʹ͢أ֪иʮƻģƾ϶Գ͢˽⣬Ϊʲô˵֣Ͼɱأ
СǲôģôҲЩġҪǸ̫౨ţǼ˶ʣ¡
᲻ȺŮˡ
ȺŮˣһ䣬ٿȻһȺŮ˿ָӲЩڵɣҲڵ׿߰ڵҲ볯֮͢˽ŵľ档


056 Ҳ
ҶٻɼᰵĻˡ
ڼԷ鱨Ϊҵר˵ֻƬԵбܷһĵԸ񣬸οЩݳĵء
Ȼ˵ǶⷬˣٶʣֻԵòζԷѡ
ǰȻ˵ĿģûзɣοԷ֪硯ʵȻҲжԸֵֶΣԶԸϵĸִڡ˷ô
κ鶼ûбʤ׼ֻǾˮڰˡ硯ҪѹĴկ֧ԮǿȻ˲أȴͽ޹Ψһ̵ܹģһЩӦķѣԸʦŸͶˡ³ͨҹɣ
Ҷͷϡ
³ͷͿҲ˳ۣǷСӴҼõ⣬öԷͽİ֮˶󶯸λ
³ͷΪСʮͽжôأʮСӶܣΪû֪
ΪҵĶ鲻Ը⻳ɺʹ÷㣬ʵֻΪͽܰҵǹʹһֱ£ʵϣҵһһҵļ췶Χ֮ڡҼᰵΪ͢࡯ͳϽ͢ξҶɹΪһݼΣ֮أ
Ҷһĭ°Ժûǧͷ˵ѣ칤ͷ̫ǿŪúʲô¶סһ
᰼˵ĸ׽һҵҼҵϣģҪػҵĲҵû뵽ĵܵܺͶӣȻʱ𣬴ҼԣҼռһ
ǺЦҪҼΣѹͷȣֻӪկ£ɱһʣ꼴ҼҼҾôʱ֮ȫ֮һԲ˿ؽʱҲûнյ鷳ˡֻҵ긾֮ʣһ֮˽ô
ΣδӣҵҪҪôڷж˲УΪ˼ҵ棬Ϊ˱ѩޣٲ飬Ҳøһˡ
Ҷһ񺮣Ǵ¹ͷȻ춯ء
ϵĳʵǲСлʵүӣоɡǸ󡯣Ҫǻɣ͵ϡ¡͡ħšЩŶ}ĻšЩʦҲ֪ô
᰹һЦ˵֪Ȼ֪ΪϵѹСôѹԽҲԽ̼ôˣˣһû˵ŮѩĳˣüϡµһĽء
ĽҶںȻɫ䣬ǼҶڸﰡȫ綼ǼҳˡǼһܻô⣬ϻܻôʵ½һ漣ˡ
᰺ٺЦŵĲ´ЬģҼҵĵزҲҹưˡųҶգգ۾ô̼ûȤ׸ҼңүһЩȻˣˣ
ʲôҲУҶ֮²ҧԼͷ
ҲŲȢϣòױʸ̩ôʸ̩ѣޡϷ
һʾмҲ֪ǷԼǿϻʸ̩һת˵ûϵŮһŮأôѽУĻʮꡭ
Ҷһطۡô⵱ųơǻļôޡ
һиŮء
Լ᰸̲ϵҶٿȻһ㶣ȵ˭÷ѩ
Цŵͷ
ɣҿɲĻ
ѪŨˮа취˵𲻴Ӧɡ
Ҷһһ÷ѩһǳ͢Ǹħš¡Ҷͷϵ亹ֱʡ
ڣһĴȣȵ׸ϼҾ͸ɡ
ҶƵش֮žһ£˷ܵһҶļ򡣡Сӣɫ죬Ҫ椲ҪϼҹȻûп㡣ΪȰҶıʼҳɡ
ɶҶһʱеϵƭĸо

һٺƭˡҽɱʼǡҶһĸо
ãĵ;鶼Ҷ¼ˡŋ翸Уݻǡ
ҶҲǳصģڻصСݸϼȡʼǵʱ򣬱Ѿͷ־ݣȼ᰽սŮ÷ѩҶȡҽɱʼǡΪش֤գӡ
ǣ÷ѩȫ֪ʱ⹫㽫ŮҶ
ȻףҶҲûָһֽӭȢ÷Ůţ⣬㲻ݼ᰷ڣԼ뼾ұ˵ѣֽ׶εҶ˵Ǽȵкô
б˲ռ˵
ǡҽɱʼǡҲҶ˽֮ֻиҽҶ֮С
ƾżҶĽ飬ʲôҩǼҪأҶҽ⣬ŵİ
֣֡

һ·ɱһ߹Цطġҽɱʼǡ
һ㷭һҳͣ
衱
ôߣһ·Χڣ̥ǣ۷磬ʰ
ˡ
ȻᰶѾǰ벽顱ľˣ棬зѣֻǸֲ֮󣬵رйǿйҲк
Ψ⡰衱ܽһ⣬Ůӻеļʡ
ԭ
ߺߣTMDǸȺǣϾɱҼôˣϼҪϽٰʮô
ִжʮˣֻҪȢ檣֮ôҲøҸϹٰʮӲУԼʮһȺúȻȢһ檡
˲ãʮ͹ˡ
ټôҲһӵˡ
ǸӸǺˡ
ɱֻҪһģ͹Ǻһġ
ôõˣֻԭʵ˵ڣԼ˼Ҳû˼ҶҪⵤСʿȻ˼ȥˡ
ѩ
ٺ٣ֻᣬֻǣߣҰĶλĹؼÿ㲻öѩѾͷһŮ˶㲻СʿɱҲ
ֻԼ۲죬ⷽԲ󡭡
ᰣԵ˵ƣΪ˱ʲô˼ˡ

ڶһ磬硱տʼ
ƽʱפص¥¥õɭϡ
ڵ׳һһӵĿɽǣСƽԭϼᣬ׼ӭսϮܡ
һлȶܾĸֶѾΣȥ˱ĴկȻһʣҲ˵⼸ÿ궼мص֣硱ѾϰΪ
ҶŸү˽飬С˵ľͷţҡͷԵؿʼڱ˸֮ˣһ´ܽһï֮ܵУ³ͨķλλµһɽסȥ
ȻûɵĺܳףôЩջү˷̫ġ
⣬ҲǸץʱ³ͨæ㶨һԼˡ


057 ɽ
³ͨסСԺڡᰱڣλñȽƫƧģľ涣ɫɫиԲʮɵļɽʯ֣עˮɳأн㣬ԳʮɵľŰѴ԰ͱ
ڼɽʯ֮жδ֮ͤɣ˼͡
ţǰȻһƬ֣Ҷ̬ʼ˵飬Ĵ
ͨĻȣһƬˮ죬ԭһͤͤԱߣһȪӵصӿˮƻСˮж߸ߣ滨ΧƣΪ
ԭ֮ˮǵڴˣ赲Ȼ׵¡¡ˮ졣
һȪԣһ¥ʻ棬һ˼ɾ
Ҷɵ̾Ϊֹ
԰֮Ȼ֮˵ؾ԰Ȼ֮Ҫּʩ续㾦԰ǧ򻯣Ҫֻоţռ䡢ָװġɫࡢ㡢
˴ȻֹȻȻ϶Ϊһ԰־Ҫչ֣˼伫
԰֮ȿԣֿɴС֮
˴֮ߣѰġ
Ҷһʱ뵽ģǡ칤³ͨڶ뵽ģ硱Ʒ񣻵뵽ģǡɽׯȻγɵ
Ȼ硱롰ɽׯλµһɽ³ͨɵġ
һʯС·뷽ͤӣ±ľѰ̽ʤ֮ġҶһ·ȥת䣬ǰػȻʣһС¥ٿȻǰ
Ŷλѧ˵ߵ𾴣ҶƿС¥ķš

Ҷҹż᰸Լ˵Ļ漰ʦŵ飬ȫ³֮ͨ³ͨĬƬ̣ɵȻʧЦ
TMDҾ֪Щ鲻סǸϼëһҵ£ҹأһ뻹
ƺıصһƴǰ̴ľϣʵĵ̴ľһһصķĩͬʱŭϼëȻ֪飬ô껹ҵˣTMDʮСӵʦ˵ʲôĸ쵰ʦ̳ܽô쵰ͽܡʱһҳϣװȥᰣүԭTMD֪ң⵱ţᰣûƨ۵ϼë
³ͬ־һŭԴĸ߹ڸ³ͨԼĶҶָݵҶ
ҶʱЩڿʲô˵ˣ˰죬³ЩˣӲͷƤҪǰȰ⣬߻û˵ȥǱߵ³ͬ־ֿʼ˵ˡ
ˣҲˣ˭ӵϼëôء
ҶһŵĺߣĵĻٰ
³ͨƢÿ죬ȥҲ죬ҶûӦⳡѾɢˡ
Ȼûһġ
СӣһϷȷʵˣϷο
ҶһϲϵõοҲ¶ְοοҰޣǰҡ
ﴫϢ˴ܵ٣ԹƶԷˡ硯ĴկԱˣٳկıԱܹҰӭսսʿǧ߶սʿԷϵĲݿܣҲЩ˵ĸʵףʵޡǶԷǣذܣҰսҷ߳ʤʣΨһĵģ˵Ӧ˫ս֮ʱҷ˵꣬ɶսתӰ졣ԭĵϵӣǷ壬µǧսʱЩ˳⣬Ӱȫ֡
ȻϼëƵУԼһսʿһΣաʮȥ꣬ɼǿʵԽʡʿսȥɿиĻءֲƣٴӱڵȥˡ
ҶһȻսϵ˵࣬иá
Ϊʲôʮսأ
ڳأʿó֡
װأ
ôйԵһЩطĽʱﲻҪ󡭡ףСֵ˼·
Ҷûлشֻ΢΢һЦ
ŋ翸󡱵ġϵͳСһĵ˸ȫ棬еսһӡģҡɡһУҲЩǣϵɾߣҶԴ˲İ
µؿһ³ͨƵƵȷҲΪ̫ˣʺϴάޱѣֻܵɾʹãû취ɴģľƷʹá
ҶֻǿһۣȻ񶨸ĳɳ
ǲУˡ
ʮȫ꣬Ҫһµʱ䣬ⶫ̫ܣ̫ˡҾԼ³ͨˣæ
ðɣһ㽫ЩꡣҶһ٣ʵͷΪǺң鷳ɣ
İɣͷִ򲻹㣬ʲô鷳˵ˣ¶סᰣ˵֪ܲôˣһ˰οϿͷȻ£ڵİȫ˵ѾȫûˣȻҪܽһ˼ҵأ
Ҷͷʾס
³ͨ˶Ҷ˵һսΪ˱漾Ҳʵ»ʱ࣬Ҵ˴ε벻򵥣бǰЩЩˡϼ˵ǳҶĻ˴˴ζﵱУжԸϼĸ֣ǼϼһҲڵ˵ƵС
˵꣬³ͨҶһͭƣ˵ӿڱߣæѲ֡ؼʱ̣ҲܰСæ
Ҷ³ͨȻԼæԸˣԼƵľٶԼжɣ¸ӷ㡣
˹з֣Ϊ˱Ҹ㼸Է
ѽǣбããװ
³ͨƵһǰֽ̽ڲ֪ʲôأУһⷭת¶һţһתµ¥ݣ֮̾Ϊֹ
³ͨǰͷ·˵ȥɡ
˵ͷʯס
Ҷ²ĸȥ߹ʮ׵Ľݣһʮƽ׵ĵҡ
ҵĶ˷ӫľʯƯӦò
һǽ£ŷĸ˶ľͷӣһߵĳڷʮɵľӡ
ǽϣ״Ź֡һĶ
ǣڵĿǣڵĿһ£õͨʩ
ö룬һеҲ³ͨˡ


058 
Ҷ˷ܵĴۿʱ³ͨѾ֮һ̴ľУصݸҶ
Ҷҵһȴһ˿Сģ΢춼еԡ
ǡҶŲҿ϶ʵ
áϽ֯ɵı£ǹ룬ˮֵ֣ȫһҲԴֺȻǶԷõƷıΪ쾳ĸ֣ǿԴ̵ƵģȻƣסȴŲסػǶԷô㣬ùǶϽۣǵùǶϽۡϽԡ
Ȼּӷıﰡ
Ҷ˵µ۱㽫·档
⡰Ͻ¡ҲԽаһˡǵСģ˼һ̲ȥһһƴԼ
úˣǼΪϬģõ˲ȫҪ˵˵
³ͨҶ˱£óһ̴ľУóһԻһĶǻ󣬲ȴϼⲿڼƬı֮С
³ͨݸҶ˵һҼ㴩ŵۣ۴Ա
³֮ͨһҶһԼϣһʾһ߽ܵ˱󲿣ؼʱ̿Եֵ˵ı⣬ܡ
³ͨٿȻתǰǽһָϢ֮䣬ȻʯɵǽϣѾ۴СĿӦǸһİʱѾʯУۣȫˡ
ҶɵúȻôĻʯڰ
˲Ϣ룬۵İܡ˵ŴӺȡһö룬Ҷ˵볤Ϊ磬ͨú죬һڿɲضʮöҵĸ룬ոҲˣҲ䴩ӦͨҲɳΣǴ˵㣬ɱԸָ֣ͨӦȫԼ˴죬ġ⻤󷢳ĸ룬ȻͿڣͿһɱ
Ҷ͵ͷʾ
̫ˣԼڵʵܱ֤ȫֵסָٶȿ죬û䣬ͿͿڡ⵽ҹѣɱΰ
³ͨҶЩɫС΢΢һЦܵ˸룬⻤и;³ͨһָ߬ȭͷһݵһһâ±һǶݶ³ͨһȭͷݵһ˷һ߬ȭͷεͣ˰գһֻ½䵽֮󣬷һ󣬷ǶĶȻ䣬ػ֮ϡ
ҶŴͣ͵
ȥװ³ϣѵǴӸ̷дԽĲɣ
³ͨȻʮҶԾӳݵĿ⣬̴ִľȡһǸСץƾܣȻ˵ǸɶһװãõǾǧ˿ΪǿͣԳǧ󳤶ȳʮףԳΪṦΨһȱÿһΣҪһצצƾܣҲǴⲻͨƳɵģãˤһצżֵңҪʮԱʱ֮衣
Ҷĳȣֱʱ˲һķӦ
һô󣿡
³ͨʼ򣬵Ȼ˵Ҳתһ룬˩С㻹ܹô
ȻҶҡͷֱ̫TMDﳬֵˡ
ЦԼȣȻԵ㹻ˡ
ҶɵΪӾԼСЦ
³ͨٺһЦֽ˻Сװи⣬Ե佣ȵȣܷ֮࣬٣֮ȽԼƵҹװֱѷˡ
֮պ󣬲Ǵڵ֮ڣ³ͨһ̴ľУ˵ǸһˡסܲãǧҪã߯Σա
ʲʲô
Ҷֺؿ³̴ͨľУ¶쵰Сźڹ¡˵ӡ
ҶͫٿȻŵ󣬼˻ŵĺ˳顪
ⲻǵ͵Ϯ峤ľܵôȻִ٣ԼǴԼϵõġ
ô⣿
û뵽ҶһŭȴҲ³ͨһ
㣬ô֪ģⶫ˼
Ҷ̾һһ顱Сؿ˿ȷϵȷǡ顯ûɣҺֹǼһùҵһѾͲ㱻ڶһֻء
㻹ʹã³ͨŵʵⲻܰڹʱԸ顯ƹΪƸӣ̫󣬲ܸռĿֹˡԭʼͼֽڳ͢صġеģҲǽƾż䣬ǿƳôš顯˵š顯ǽϽеţôܻʹأ̫˼ˡ
³ͨҡͷ̾ϢܣҶȴǱһƬ
͢Ȼ͢⡣
ӦûбŪ⣬ǽӴģӦþǸСӣɱ֯ѪɷҲ˵ȫпǡѪɷġ
ǻʲô˰ôΣյĶѪɷأ
ǸΣյ⣬вѪɷΪеĴˣҲвѪɷЩԹԼ
棬Ҷǽؽ桰񵯡
⣬˵͵ּĵһӣܸɵѪ
³ͨüͷ壬ȻΪ顱ͻȻֶķɵӣҶǰ£ܲµ˳͢ڲʱҲûа취ȥ֤ЩҶպá顱֮Ȼһ£͵š顯ҸĲ㲻ôСѽҩֿγӡ㿴治иťôõʱֻҪݺݰȥҩҺ㱻ˣҩ֮ܵײԲҵıըûдǲҩʱզҲǲᱬըģ˱İȫϵȻҵᴿҩøӴ⣬ը㡣һڣʯ٣ʮڣ˺ʮ⣬в˺ʮ⣬ް
Ҷ۾еġ顱벻³ͬ־ȻоˡҺըб£ҩ뷨ֱš
Ҷ˿ϵİťṹӣһֶȥܴһ㣬ҺҩҺҩﵱУٶȥɶը
³ͨź룬ݷԵõ΢Ц˱ı飬Ժ


059 Ʊ
³ͨ͸Ҷ˵Ҷ͹˲
³ͨԵõź룬һɴʦקҶıȴȻɫ
ֻҶš顱ооȥǸťþòɫ³ͨжȻֹСӿʲôǷɵ밴ȥɣ
³ͨΪҶľٶһᵽɤۣҶȻɵضǸťһ̽ηƬ֮Ҷָǰť֮ϣһ
³ͷˣյģɶСӣ׽ţ
ҾܿסһСĶȥ
Сӣ쵰ˣҡ
Ҷ߸߾еġ顱ñ³ߵɤź𶯡˵ĶҪٽһүͬھ
³ֱͨ롭
λүл˵͸ĶȻˣôҪʲôԸģ
ҶٺһЦ˻ȥ˵ϿЦأǧ⡣϶Ƕ˲٣ɶװеŤ⡭
˵ˡ
³ͨһ֣תһľӣһٷڣҵһɫƷƷͷҶ
ϵ⻻ɣ͸ɡ
Ҷ˳ֽ˹ȻԼ࣬ĳΪҪϲϺüవ;ɵ˷ܵػԭ
֮磬Ѿӽ佫Ĵˣ濴Ϊ࣬ȴǻأöĶҿڶƷҷű࣬;Ҷϲǣ룬ҲǶ긽λãһڰ׼ɫ̫ͼ壬Լĵ۷ȫΪһ壬˧ʹùΪһ壬ʵҶ֡
л³ǰ񰮡
Ҷһߵлһ߽ϵűװȥ
³ǰôⶼңͷ㻹иʸֵķݶô
³ͨһЦ˵˵ЩҸСʮ׼ģڲ֣ܶѣһͷһԸһףĹѣȫװϾ걸ЩҲ׸㣬ǵг̣һӦȥɽׯμӡᡯɣ
ţûҶͷ
ǲôߣܰæİȫҽȫװպҲڶСʮһֶΪء𲻺˼˼ҿõ㣬ôƱģǺǡ
ҶҲźǺֱ֣ã֮͵ģʵһЩʲôϵֲҸʸ̩һӱڡ
ҶͭǮ˨˱̾ƺ«ٰ֮һƽʵʱ³ͨһֱ΢Цģڱɫ
ȵȣŵǰʲô
ٺ٣Ϲˡ
Ҷ͵͵Ц
ı
Ҷ֮ǰȥѰһ׼¯ҪຮףжຮףҶ³ͨעԼֶΡ
ʲôôƬҲб㵱Ӳʶǲǰ㡮Ͻ¡㡮󡯣ָһôƯġTMDҲƬȥôȥ³ͨĸ˵ֻ֪Ҫ³ͨӣǸؤ֮Ҳ۰TMDƬӣ֪ĻΪ³ͨŵŪءϽƲඣȻС˵һһҸĶûϢ
ҶװżίӺף˵ʵֻĳΪԱҪ̫ˣһʱѰȻҲʺϵģıҲϲԱ˸ƵĳҲǱˡ
ƨǳȥ˰ˡֲҶʱ򶼲ýһΪֶαƷء
ǰЦˣƫƫǽϧý󰡡
ʲô³ͨһ̾˳ִǽȡһѳγǺһʣҶ˵ѽƷĳ㲻ϱֻǱװһЩܣҳȫ㣬һ͸ˡ
Ҷӹ֮æ嵽ʡ˱ˣռ˵
Ҷպõĳֹһ񣬳˵лǰĳȫ
Ҷɫһ࣬³ͨͷصʲô˵˵
ҶЦʵСҪõıҪ⣬Щ뷨˳ǲ֪ȷ³ʦܷɹ
³ͨһ´һҶ̾һôδйر˵ǽ֮ԽǼ򵥣Խֽ͵Ľߵ͡ҪһЩűڽװһЩأȻʱδý֮ӣɽĳɾͣͻư
ϷԸƽֲܱȣϧԹ㣬δһ;Ͼף࣬̿಻㣬ǿͻ쾳磬ɾӡ
ܸһĻᣬϷԲȥ̰ʲôµһɽͷһ;һף˶Ҳʱкڡ
ԣСѣϷһȰۺεȾֻСǣϰϳʵ棬Ҳȥȥһʱĸߵ͡һΣϷ֮ԸЩߣΪֻ𵽸ãǳΪѧϷЩҲǲ͸ġ㣬Ǻ㡣
ҶΪ֮ݣ벻ġµһ֡Ȼд˾򣬶һѭѭ̵֮ɵиӸж;塣
ԼҪģӣʵκϵֻǿ͹۵ؽԼĲغһչֳӳԼʤص㡣
Ҷ³ͨһ˵³ʦЩθ֮ԣм³ʦԣǽԣȻʡϣ³ʦܿһƣҪȡʤӵеĹƵģܹ޶ȵͳѧ֮١
Ŷ³ͨһ룬Űһ죬˵е׸ôҿ
ϡ
Ҷ˷ܵشӻͳһ󱾱ʼǣػ˸ͼΣԼ˼Ķصؽ³ͨԼŪµǱ⽣Ͷһߡ
³ͨüͷӹطҳšסһзɣϸؿƬ̣ʵƣӦû᡾ඣ
Ҷ˵ͷǵģٺʹ


060 
ҶĽܣ³ͨมһ벻֮㣬뷨Ҳ֮ϸ£ҲʹŶˣǰʹټ֮Ϊ⴦Ƶȴ＼ټأ
Ҷһ£˽֮ʱֻԵٰɡһ轣һִ١Ǻǣȴ޷ʹء
³ͨٺһЦ˵Сӣ˼룬ôЩͿϣ
ҶԣæϹף̵³ʦָԽ򡭡
³ָͨͼϵһʯͷ˵ʲôѵǡǣô
Ҷһ˵ǡǣ
³ͨٺһЦ˵϶ڡǣоϷϵڶϾû˸ҳƵһ⡮ǣʲôܿҡֻҪĻһ˿ǣ·װһЩСأ֮ʱ֤ԼڡǣЧƷΧڣٸκεطʲôֻҪһǣȻ
л³ʦҵָ·ưҶ˷ܵǿԿԼʵǲ̺㵯죬Ҳβɡ
³ͨЦǵֳȫԽ޾֮Уѵ֪Զʱ䴢ôֻҪ޵ľǶϵط֮УַңԶԶ֮ʱԼ˵е⡾㵯࣬Ѽ̳͡
³ͨԺһЦһԵҶǸ˵㵸
̫˷ˣһֱԼΪʹνսв֮ʱԵɱЩ£νЩƬ棬˼Ҫ׼ס˶䣬治תˡ
νǳʤķչ¶ˣ챳ٸ˶սʱһɵӶ֪⡣
һԶңͲһˡ
䵱УͻȻһǡνȫ£Լк޷֮ˣ֤Ѫ
ҶԵã³ͨٴͶҶƳ嵱УʱͷʱҡͷԼҲ֪ʲôʱҶݹ̿ʣֽдд
ҶרͶ³ͨ˲ˡҽɡҶ
ٺ٣Ǽֵĸ߼˲ŰһͶ빤ôġ
ôԼƱֱиִ˵Ҫ
ţе˼æ㡾＼չʾһ£Ҫиʶˣ¥ϵ鷿һ֧Լȡ
أء
ҶȻ߳һɫͨ徧Өͨ͸һ֪ⲻǷƷ
ףⲻǡô³ͨʵ
Ҷ֪ؽݸ³ͨ˵ǡǰôʶô
³ͨ˹ϸ꣬ż򵥵ش˸ڣѭþòϢ
³ͨ̾Ϣ˵⡮ǰ֮ط޹һɣ긺Ĺʦŵ档
ѵ˵ĵƷڲһֻɫˣǴ֮ʱʦŵġӨͿĨڡڱڣȼڱһͣγӨ⣬зĹâڱǰγһ֧ɫùˣűߵĴ࣬ƷߵϷҲͬʻһ㣬Χű·裬񼣡
벻⡰Ч
³ͨĦСɫ˵ֻϧǡǹ֮ɱͷУת۱Ϊʹ֮ʵʹ͸ĳӣʦ滹δϱδڻʵǰһչԼգ㲻˱Լ񼼾Ȼӣһʱߴǹٶȥ⡮ܱ֪ˡֱ˵ţʱѲ֪ȥˡ벻վȻˣұ֮Ұ
Ҷɫһֱ˵⡮Ȼ³ʦʦ֮⡮ͻ³ʦʦˡ
³ͨһ㶣ŹЦСҪģʦѵԽǵƷԽҪʺȥʹãʹﾡã֮ࡣСˣˡȻСǱС֮࣬ȴĸ֡СԺ򡭡
³ͨһ䵹ҳһʵʵС̳ȴһ̳Ӱ׵Ľ״ʣɢżġζе㶡ζ
ʦƵġӨˡ˵򣬵ȼȴû𣬶Σ㿴
³ͨСָͷմһǵİɫʣһСָͷɢӨ׵Ĺ⣬γɵµŵڿвơ
ҲƵƷΪݳްԭʹõģϧʱĻʵүӶԻֱӾ͸ʦΪǴŭһѻڹķӶˡںã˳͢Լд˳⵱ʱʧˡ
ҶɵúЦʱʱ̿ųͷأȴڵʦ棬˻ǹùġ
ʱ˵ľɡ
³ͨϸľǡӨڱڱͿһ㣬ֽｻҶʾٴ
ҶšһġӨΪͬʱų°Ľ⣬Ҷֻͨ巢⣬ǰ׹⣬͸ģ뵵ڣҶǰγһֻһ״Сɫˣķʹɫ˵¸
̫ˣϾȻ似ĵ̼ɡ
Ҷ³ͨҲ¶ɫϳ⣬ֻڳ˼ĳ档
ʦ浱ıȻǾ³ͨһʱжĶ˳
³ͨһ۽ǵˮ̾ϢˣСѣǼɡ
ҶһͷԽǰľɫǣƽľһ̺ƴ
ǡ̺һҩʦľģ´󺣳֮ʵڲؼ书޷֮ɡ
ҩʦ̽ŷ湦ԴϹڹߣôҡΪǣˣɥ
³ͨ׼֣ҶڵΪԶ³ͨȲӰ죬ǱȻġ
̺ģ󺣺޲Զˮƽ죬ӿɽˮԾϷХŸɣټˮ֣ȺħŪɽƮУ֮£˺ˮƽ羵ȴǰļա
Ҷ֮ʱǰֻɫâγɵĻùˣڹԴķʼҶǰһҵľ봦չ᰿裬ɣƻãǳ


061 ָ·
³ͨһɵɫʱʱֵ֣ĻԶֵ̺еı֡
³ͨҶġ̺ʱͷм֮⣬ʱһܱʼ飬ȻǵõĳЩС
Ҷһ꣬³ͨҲڰϱע˺öණ
Ȼһ³ͨ˵ѵ뷨ȻĶݳԼҪ뷨
ҶаԵ⡣
꾸ϳУҶһ˻ɱħšħĸ֣սƷбһġɥ
Ҷ˼룬ֿо˰죬ܽһʵеķҶоҲ͵ΪֹˣȻļԷȴǸĹǺԼ뷨ȫۣ⡰칤³ͨ
Ȼ³ͨ㷢Լ
ķʱֱ֮Ӧòѣѵ㻹˵ıԭʼķܲ
ҡšһλϣͨɣ⡾˹һƪʱҲĺô˵Ȿ顭Ҽǵú
³ַͨһľ䣬ǵǵĶǸ鼮еո£еѾõģ㶼ض
ƪžǱˣȻô߰ضڵ£Ҳ³
ô鼮
Ҷһʱ۲ǳȻﶼǸʲôšڲزأҪЩѶȡ
ҵˡ³ͨһУóһЩõ鼮˶ҳҳ˷ܵصͷ˵Ǻǣû
ŷһҳŸҶıʼŶԱȣȻ˵㿴
ҶϸƣֻǱҳѾƷҳϻ˸ͼǲЧģֻͣҪЩģ͵Ŀն֮£ȻҪ졭
ģ͸Ĵֻͬ΢һ죬ʦλǰĽۣѾȫƳѵϵŵҿţʮ֣йǲͬĵ㱻յߡ֮࣬㹻ѡˡ
ҶɫЩ˲Űӻҹ֤ʯģͱһӣԭ˼˶ˣο˷
רҵ£רҵ˲ȥ
仰Ȼû
³ͨ۾˵ⶫ˼룬ҲһӽѣЩѵǣҪÿԼصĿֶΣԲַͬƲͬı׽һ뷨Ҳпɲԡһ׽ɣҪ˵Ŀ;ﵽߵҪҪг׼
ϣдһֶֻĳٮٮ߱ǡʮ֮һϷɣġʮ׷ޡһ֧ᣬ๲ʮڣƵ̽ҪһϷΪ˼ϸ塢㹻侲ʶһ֮⣬ġɷ᡿湦Ҳһ
Ҫ̽ƵĵӦ֡似ĻҲѧϰһšȡ֮湦ͬʱҪ뷽跨ľһƷǸԪ֮湦ľϵһ𣬸Ӧá
һΧڣʹ۾ûͷҲܸӦ̽λã̶ƣ⹥
һͿ˵ǳΪ񻰹µеġɡ֮ˡ
ûܵƣÿǲϣж̽ʹпյĽС
һ;Ľʦľ硣
³ͨǡµһɽ˼Ҳµһܺϸ壬ֻһҶлȻʣԼϣǰеķͷܶĿꡣ
Щ뷨ɫգԳˡ٣⡮硯лһλڹͬţ֮ͨȻֻƷҵĳҲ㹻ʹˡ
պͼֽЩʦΪԼҲġ
סҶ̼˵ıʦˡ
˵³ͨȻͷϷ㹻ģܸͬʱ¡
Ҷٴϰл
ȥɣϷҪָװˡٺ٣Ȼûôġǣһ㻹㹻װ֮õˡȥٻأ˼һϷѾǼˡ

Ҷꡰ١ٴδ³ͨסʱǲ¸֮ʱˡ
ʱ죬Ҷйδĸо
³ʦһָҶࡣ
뽫׽תõȷҪǿ뽣֮ϵ
Ԫ½ΪľѧǡǸ󡱵Ĳ֮أΨõӣдɣǸϰ
³ͨܣѧŹ֮ˣͨϵľγһ𵴲ɨΧ㲻ͷܵĶ͹Զ֪ߣ㲻۾ܵĸ֪Ҳͬ
óһֻ˾񲨶Χǰ˷
˵ͨߣŹ͵ڻ˳һԸ֪һб仯Ѿõڱ͵Ϯˡ
ֱߵıرȺŹ
βܵõôĹô
Ǹ
ԼûкøС
Ұ̫󣬴˸еֲĵزʵŮҲпֲĸоеֻķģⲢǴ壬ԡ
ҶϷ湦ΪԵõҪǣԼһƵĹ
ʶܶĦڭǾеġʶͨǰʶĻܵڵ״̬ǿУг֮ŹĿĲֳǱǿġСȥͨСҲǵʶʶ
ʶõǿģʵ屾ľŹķŶ֮⣬ھ󣬻һʹáķ
ƪʹáĹͽСĦڭ޹
ǸġԪͬŹǳطų񲨶ǽԼľĹԼڵϣȻͨʶӵи֪ų⣬ԼҪķΧγһΪĵġԲ
ֻҪڡԲķΧڣ˵ǵ˵ĹҶУԱͷ߸Ӧ˲֪ҶͺɨһڹֵķΧڣʲôǷ͵ϮЩʵЩǻþԱԼӦһ˵κζӲһ˫۾
ԷӴ½ĹϹҪȷǸĹΪȶͳ־ãȻƵķΧûСԪԶʤȶͽܡ
ҶֺǺǵѧ湦


062 ŭŭŭŭ
ʶܶĦڭǾʶõǿ֮ĵʶʶ׼ǿ崥УʶܶʮСģ޷ֱֵʶ켫ǿ֮ˡ
ҶɱˣýǰʶޣҲֱӶʶֱѧϰĦڭ޹
ںϰ
ҶӵгľֱӱʹĦڭ޹áŋ翸ֱѧϰŹҶԺһٿȻ֣˼Щ֮ҶǸһ˿ǳЦ⡾Ħڭ޹ϰ˼ʮѧһؿӡԺ֮У
Ҷ۾תĦڭ޹Ҷ͵һʮ׷Χڣ״λãɼ
һֳ顪
ԼüΪģٿȻǴдһ޴һԼݵġ
ֱʮĴڣеĶɼȻá֣׼ȷӦ˵ǸоͬԼḧһȫʮǣ΢紵֦ƮһƬҶд
Ҷһ֣̽һƬҶ㱻ļס׼ȷ
ָоĺһ޷飬߲ס
Լʶо磬Ǻڰ׵ģûɫûʮڣ˺֣ʮ⣬һƬڡ
Ҷ۾ԭ·ء
ʮ׵ľ룬ѾеȵľʣȻʮ˳֣Ҳȫ
·֮䣬ֻʮ׵ľ룬ʮ⣬һƬޡ
þˣȷʵпơҶ֮󣬻۾¹֮£ͥԺ۵ףĦڭ޹ľɢ
Ҷ̾һʧܣΪǰԼʶ֮£Ħڭ޹ľѱ֡Լ׹ҪʱӦԼ֮ʱҲܹͬʱʹáҪԼʱ̱㹻侲ܹͬʱԼĵײʱ̱侲
ֻʵԼպɱȴǺεѪڵʱָ̣α侲֮أ
Ҳ취
һ룬Ҷʹˡ˫ֻ֮еġһĶ֮תĦڭ޹ȻáһĶáţȻһһͬʱתĦڭ޹ʱֱܵòͬˡ
۾磬Զˣɫʶ䣬ⰵʶڵ磬һже㾫׼˺֣Ǵ΢磬Ҳ֪ʲôʱʲôʱȥ
ǰһһѣעģɫζᴹĽߣСɵһĻ䣬˵ģۺĸ֪
ʶɫʣе̬ǽߵĻˣӨ͸Ļ꣬΢΢Ļ㣬ԲеֻϸݺԵķ䣬ۿȥСһɫͬʶͨɨ裬Ҷ֪ߵǶҪұߵԴһЩұߵĻ䣬һ΢ߵģȴǶ˰ء
ڵҶǸԵģԵġָоʮһֲһԷƬһԺһ𣬸Ҷһȫµ顣
ҶڱεţֻΪζµĸоԼ飬ռΪϤʱЩԼΪȫպʶĶǰȻµķ֣ĸоøǿҡ
ҶȻһ¥Ķˣſ˫֣˫ۣʶȥΧҵ磬ɽڵķ磬ȻҵģȻжɿɲ飬ڵķǴӶιģԽ԰һЩɽ˹ȵףٵͱڣͱ赲ִ˻
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ίίƣ࡭
壬͡
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˼Լƽʱɵϰߣҹٴߡ
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㣬ֲ˯һ΢΢Щ˷Ůҹ΢С
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ţллءŤŤСһЩ
ڿʲô÷ѩһţһתͷȥһղǵɫٿȻñ䡣
Ǹˡ˭ûδǱĸôûмء
òҪ
ף÷ѩı˼õע⣬ʶ
ôʶǸ޳֮ͽ÷ѩҹǸСʿ͵Ǳ˴̨ӱзĶоһĶĸоٴͷǱڵĿˣһаޣ͵һƻһ״ɱȻѣĲвȴбһйɣ÷ѩصһԶ¥ϵӰһת߻¥
޳֮ͽ
ؿ÷ѩȥıӰٻͷ˿ԶңƮݵӰ
Сʿʲôˣ
ѩѶɫıãȻһη˴Ļо÷ѩǿƺǧصģıƺһС϶ڴʳҽһŭ𣬵ǧ꺮һƹĸоüһΥ͸С
Сʿƺİ

硪
˰ҹҶڱԼ˹
ҿɣָֻð
Ҷ쾳ĸ֣ûлס磬վôߣվôɧҶھЩ䣬һڹķůڵķ纮ҲҶ˳
һɣðй˥ġ
ҶƵĴ˿ûעϽߩ±ӣһɴĨ˷ϡ
ٺ٣ΣΣǹз磬ȴôԵôѧʵݴأ
ҡ
һȸȻ֡
ҶȻͷδĴڱ±һֱ˦ϣ¹֮£ҫ۵Ĺâ
һϮµ÷ѩҶǰԶ鼫ӵضҶ·һһ˶İı顭
ҶϵһĨ
÷ѩеʲôƿ˵ĸо̵ҽѾʳһǧŵĻɽ緢
ҶһԾؿȻǰڶϱ¿˿˵ҿָҡ
䡪
ɽ緢ˣ


063 
÷ѩĵҪ
÷ѩΪʲôÿμ˵ܰԼƵҪɱˡ
ҹ˯˵վôߣװʲôٷ磬ʲôͷҪʲôɵ飿
ô˵Լ⹫ңεļԼľ˾ˣɫĵͽӣʲôĵܺǾ˾һҵ
˼÷ѩҲû֪ͨԼһĵ˹û뵽Լһ֣ǰθĵˡ
ҶƵҪ
оԼ÷ѩǲǰֲϰΪʲôÿζԼʱ֣쿴Լ˼Ҵ쿴ԼĨ顭»ỹɶ
Լĵ󶼱˼ҿˣպܼ޹ôǵöôصĿζ
ް
ҶղĴ۲ʱ򣬾Ȼ˿Ħڭ޹Ҳܣûע¥±ߣ˵ôôɣôôȻͻȻԼǰ
еգеĻںޣеĳ࣬еơ
һ̻㼯һĻ
ҿҡ
֮䣬ٿȻɵ÷ѩ⣬Ȼ亮üëȻΪͻȻֵĺһ˪ֹüëͷ·˶ɲǼ˱ѩѩŮɫı˪ɢԲʮڣ˶ëѩ
Ҷһض𣬽ĺһ˪
ôƢɣҶȻŭǱӴܣСһҲ̫ˡ
Ǻһ񺮡ʣϵ÷ѩȻգĶëѩҶ׷һգΪ֮һס
ѩݺᣬոŵ¥˲侹Ȼһ롭
÷ѩǡԪ۷ǿߣû뵽ôۺ񣬶˰ԵΪģпĶ⣬ʲô书ʲô
Ҷ˲֪ڵԼǷһѹƵסԷǽѧġڤ񹦡÷ѩصҲǺް취ǿ»ûȽתΪڤԼѾ˱
ҶȻ÷ѩ󶯸ɸ꣬ôԼûŵϱǡ
ͣû͡
ݡṦͷȻͻԲļ߾磬ŵ¶ˡ
÷ѩԸṦһȻת۷״̬֮£ȻȻ׷Ǹʿɵҧȵܣ
Ҷ泩
׷
͹ܻͣܡ
÷ѩʱ״̬ά̫ʱ䣬弫Ϊ
÷ѩԼ޵ڹķһΪ̫ǾġԹһ׺켶ƷѧΪԵѹش֮һֻȨְصĹλſԴԼ״ӣҪѧϰҪŬʹ۲ѧ
÷ѩ׿Խ̷ִĸӡΪ״ӣСϰŹ˽죬Ѿﵽˡˮɱĵزᴵһһˮɱ硣
Ⲣ÷ѩɱﵣ÷ѩʵǵģһסԪϼƷ湦סԪûбãǸǿϰ÷ѩֻһأѼǿ̫ǾɣŹĵڶأǼǿٶɣ20ĲǷӦֱأȫʵ20
׹жʮ֮࣬£Խһ˵ʵ80һ
֪׹εˡ
ʱ÷ѩֻԵȴ޷ٶӳɣˣṦܹҶ˵÷ѩʵۺˡ
Ҷ÷ѩˣһǰһ󣬻׷
÷ѩġ̫Ǿ̫⺷ԶԶȥҶǰһӣ÷ѩıѩһѩ׷ҧǰҶ
÷ѩģҶһݣ˵ĵطȥа˶Ҷɱ

÷ѩ޹˼ɣҶȥģ׷ʲôһɱ⣡
һ׷һӣԼûʲô£˵Ķȫ˴ù
һ㻶Ծˮ棬˱ֱڱⶳرϣ
һˮС澣˲˰ëŮڵϴˮһ
һѲڶ˲֮ʣһӱٸ
׮Ҫ񱼣һâ󣬱ſ񱼵ƣ˱еı

Ҷ˼Ѱ˵ĵطܣᰱ˶սӿ¸˾ĵطǵƤĺӣںڰϵͿѻһѩɫĵ
ҶԾһͷÿһԱߣˮҶû˵ֱӱ˹ȥ
ǼͻȻ˴ӿг֣ʧ̧ͷȴҶһ⼸ҹˮʲô
Ҷ⼸˲÷ѩӰθ˱ƣ˲⣬Ϣ񡭡
ãҹˮ
ף
棿
ҶٿȻһɲоԼʲôˡ
÷ѩġ񺮡Ȼǰƣ׷ʮ֮ƺѺƳɵıӦⳡ׷ϷҶͻȻվ˲䣬ǽ÷ѩûӦһǰشתҶ
㲻ȥ˰
ϡ
һҶĳԾУӭƺԱصľһҶ޻εһʻϹӿͣ緢ɫâгͣػԲȦһ֧ʣҶԼǰ滺ƾջѤصƳ˼䡭
÷ѩǰҶĶܿ죬ȴһ滺ְƮݸоһƬƻγɣأƣâǡһͣȴ̺תƣӭѩеһ
÷ѩĽȻԱߵĽһʼתȫĺۣ̼䣬Խ÷ѩΪģγһ쭵ıѩ磬Ľм䣬ƥصƵġ
˫ĽײһûκҶƻת÷ѩײ棬ѩͣɽ¶ѩıƲͣתѩͣطɽ÷ѩĳᶨƵػǰ죬Ҷʺ
Ҷתתơĳ÷ѩһʻáŲƷڡ񺮡ϵĽɣ¶˱ŽһģѳڵһνһɫбŷĻ𻨣תơת£һʡһġһ˦
ѩɵУѾ¶ֱ۵÷ѩԼǰߵٿȻһգǰ˳ȥһɾ޴ǰקԼĽǰС
ٿȻһ֮䣬ǸʿӰԼһζ


064 ҹܼϸ
ǵӰ÷ѩƬ̼һ񡪡
̿ˣ
㿪ˣ
÷ѩͣ˵ʱ򣬲ŷԼǱԷһƫ˷򣬶ԼȻΪԷܿһ
˵ĳ
ֻһ㡭
÷ѩٿȻվԼһɱȴɢ÷ѩһߣӿĽתۻ۵񺮡ϣһֶ֣ɣһ˵¥⡭
÷ѩָòתƽؿŵʩʩȻȥӰеǺһţŭƺһ
ԽҶһͰҺ׼㵹Ļ棬ǰ
ԭΪǡ
÷ѩὫ¥֮еġ񺮡˳ٴüĿҶ
¥Ȼ÷ѩδƤûһ¡
ʱ÷ѩĿһеӣ·һжֻעԼȤĶʱ˿̣ҶУеģֻǼԵˡ
ҶһֱأһĦ°ͣǰĸˣ㶼棬¶һ˫۾ͬǵһ֮һĨ壬ʱҲ۾֮С
÷ѩӯӯվһʣߵжٵˣڱ˵·Ȼһºضվ
áȺʣδԵӹף˵ǡ÷ѩȴԵù޺͹ˡ
ǿ͵ʢģһĨ泩һһɱǱɽϵѩ
գڴ˿̱ù졣
ոջһģͷ˿಻Զĸˡ
ôҶʵ
÷ѩ˶ԷˮͰһۣ˵ֻǱǾڵ壬ˡ
Ҷһ±ǰһֻ֣ͷ
ոյһȻšתơԷĹƫ˫һһ£һɱ뾭δüáڤ񹦡ıֱ۵ľ⣬һѶֺ
ղŵĽ濴ҶռϷ磬ʵҶֱ۶ٴʹãֿʹĸһٴν֣ʤϣҶʤԵڰ
Ҷͣתڤ񹦡ľа⣺ȻԵ˴ѹơ
ѧˡϼ񹦡ʦֺ֮ʱҲ˵ĸпעˡޱġϼ񹦡ֵһּΪټԣ𡿡ľˮ𡿡֮ԡ⡿ɫϼ⡣
Լġڤ񹦡ѹϼ񹦡ˡޱѹԼġڤ񹦡޹Էĵͬһɢšɫâ̫ڤҫ£ͬѩһڡ
ǽӹѧѧϳĵڶѧһǡ̫ԪΪѧĻãԾ֮Ź޿ֹ༶ѧƷλֻ벽Ƽȴֹǰˡ
ޱ롾ϼ񹦡֮ŻƼѧȴγһ켶Ʒľѧη塣
ʱҶԵһȫ¡ϼ񹦡ľѧ̫Ǿ
ʧȥ֪֣ҶףСǼȵĲǡ
ǰˣڣһ˰ͰһܷͰǡ
Դ򿪵Ͱ쵱УտҺɼ
Ҷһ뵽ʲô
һЦⶫ㵹˾ˮУɫˮ˭أ
Ҷֳĸ˵ЩϤòԼǰǣǴĸطأҶ벻
Ƿ׷ɵղ˵Ķ̫÷ѩ¥Ūһ£Ǿ춯أڵĽĸѱʱ׷׳߸Ϲ
÷ѩתߣδҶֺ·ûһ
˭Ҷʵ
÷ѩδֱߡ
ι㲻ɡҶ
÷ѩý
ҶסĿŶԷȥͷȴֻǾ䡰ýߣⲻԼһμʱ˵õһ仰ô
ʲô˼
ʾǵԼô
ֻ췢ûһо
ʼۣһԿ龰ȵʲôڴ˹ͳͳ־ܡ
Ҷ̾һүʲôʱ򶯹ĿŵվҲ˹
ŲʾĶ࣬Ҷ˿ģһĨƮԼϢһƬ߬߬ȭͷ뾭һƺڱԼ˳ֱȫָ֪
ðԵġ̫Ǿ
һԵ𣬡TMDǼСûҵĻôĶ£ת
ֳӰֻҶתû취ĸ˶סˡ
㣡ԷȻʶҶҶȻûʲôӡ
˭Ҷʵ
˵һӡЩֵ׳ŻۣҶTMDұ죡㻰㷴ˡ˭ǲͬתһμ;ģȻǺöǼҰ㵱ɿˣȴҹǡһָ¥ǲɵģƻҲƲǮ𣿡
Ҷɫһ㶣ȻʧЦ⣺⼾Ҷʲôˣ֪ҪǮ¥ԼŪģͲ֪Ⱥô
ӱӣҶ¥Ūİɡ
ŪľͺãӺɫһϲһ֣ȵɣ
ʲô
ʲôӣ
٣
ôҲٰʮɡ
Ҷˣ⻹ĿŵԼļһ˿󣬶ʮûһƲ磬ü۵ģֱһȺå
ʲôôûУɫһ۾͵ˡ
ٰʮģûУеġ
ٿȻɫٱ䣬ϲüңҲУ
Ҷһ֣ǿͭƵ˹ȥ
ƷӣСүӣҶ£ҿô˵
һ㶣ʶؽ˹ȥһȥֵܣˣܵܣ翴ϱдʲô⣿粻֡
ҶЦһое㲻̫á
ϸ磬ϱдǡ顯ʲô˼ǲС֣
һԴһѽ˹صүĲ飬Ǯ˼ҸӴĳƣӦǽġ
źٺһ֣Цλֵܱ⡣׻˵Ǯð¡һǾܸƽҹˮǰɣҹҲûϵүǸүйϵϵǳ¸綼ƽඡ
Ҫ˭ƽһϵƴӵıٿȻһֻŽŵ뽫Ӳȴûط˳ֽ£ʮһ㡭
һˡ
һ֣ӶҶ
Ҷ΢΢һЦһ֣ȴӶ˳Ⱥ֮Ŀꡭ


065 ħϮ
ոոϵĿ̧꣬۱һĨƹ˳һӣʱһ
飡
ֻмǼλ˲Ȩ䷢Ǹ챤֤һֻмƸεľֵεĸֲпܳСⳡ棬ѵ⺩ţǳʲô¶˲ɣ
СҶһڴΧţһʱûʲôˣֻһЦ˵֪λִֵڣ⺩ţյûĹ⾰ֻǻʶ⡮顯ء
һ·ͽڷ׷·¶˱ΧҶ
걾˵Ц͵ؿȺоȻǸŵԼҶֵҶһ٣ɫ
ô㣿
ҶЦôô
ɫĲȻ˿ӣʵģ
Ҷ˹˵ոλֵ˵оɣһţһ˰ּӾȻҶĳʳ仰ǲඣ
ɫ䡣
⺩ţԼ켣ڵ֮ʱµСܣһĹԼ볯Ϊ٣˴ͳ죬ְλޣҲﲻСʲôæֱѣ궪¹ְǰͶ˽귽λϵ֣ϵʱ䣬ҵλѳһկ֮ĺţΪԷһկ֮㲻Ͷû뵽ֻ˵˼䣬ţһڴӦ¼ٸ֣һ·Ͷ˼ҵġ硱
ţէȻǶշҲ֪λϵֽŲ̫ɾ֮£ǰһЩ
硱Σķиּȥǰߣֲļʦͬ˿ţһ뱤άְȫû뵽ֻǵһ죬һ˲ǵ
ֻСʿＸ찡Ȼʹô
ɫ粻ҲһǼٵģΨй˵겻ˣȻǶˣ֪кָʾ
ԭ顱ǡ顱
һԼ˺ôĻ¡
ּСܣ˵ﶼûʲôˮԼҲǣȻⱤ﹫ȻֻСʿǰǰ˼ϰôӣôһת۳ˡᰱġ顱أϿС˼һأԼⲻײǹô
ţк£ͣȺȥ
ιǸ˭ʲô֣
Ŀ৵ضںţϡ
Ǹǻǻ㲻
ţһҧǰ³̺ţˡ
ҶٺһЦûʲôˡмˣȥǱߵĸ

̺ţһ㶣ôǴǼ˲ô
ţȥǵãСͰɫҺ壬ǿǾ綾ɰӰ
ҵعԹԡ
̺ţٿȻľȫ˶þ
ɫ䣬ݵر˹ȥ˿ͱɫҺ壬һĸ˵Ȼ쵰Ƿˡ
ҶȻ
ԭǷˣֲЩӡ㶯֣⼸˶ΧڷߣֻԼ·˼׵û̫ע⣬һʱȻ벻
㶯ˣĪǵҲڴʱʼж
ҶٿȻһͬʱµ÷ѩȥйء
Ȼȥҷˡ
Ȼ֣ȻҲԭˡ
Ҷһʱ뵽˷޸ͷǴСԺ
ҶнʵϿﻹжˣ
˰ˡ
Աийص˵ȫץ
һ𣬲ŵ˵̫ˣˣ֮һǷҵϰףôһұ˻ΪҪϴ𲻱ҪĻҵġ
Ҷؿһۿ꣬Ͻȷһףһ£˵ͳ죬ôɣ϶Ƿˣǵͳμˣȥҷ㡭˺úÿͰӰɰΪǻɫˮô
ɫأ˵ֻĻȡ
ʲô˼Ҷ
ǡӰɰˮȻҺȣǡȸ㲻һˡ
ҶеһɺϮϺ󱳣Ϊʲô
ɫδйѿ˵ȸˮܣɫʧӰ٣˶ɫζɱΣȫѪҺ޽⡭ϣֻ׼һͰѣط¶Ǹֶ붼̽
û˲ֻһط¶ģֻɱԼײѡ
ϣ֯˷оۣȥҶҲа취鶾ȫʾʱˮ⴦ˮĵطͶôʱڻΨһˮԴ
һ綾͸ˮ֮УˮҲͲܺˡ
ʱȣ
ȥʢˮĶʲôʲôҶһʱ޶ϽˮȻܷҶȥĵطˮʦȥǰߣѰˣһ˰šȥҷ㡭
Ҷ򵥷ԸԼ뷨鿵ԼĻҪã˼ݻ̫⡣
ϣЩ鶼ڼᰵļ֮£ҶһܹһЩսɫԼһսߣǿɱͬվڶԷһҪİĶࡣ

һ˫Ⱥÿ֡
ָ˳ָҲɾʪ󣬺Ϳɫָ׸ࡣ
˫ֳŮϣǴдָ˶顣
ÿ֣һأ
ˣϰ书ˣ˵ܱ˵˳ỬرָʪͿ͡
ȸ˫Ժμþû˿ϻΡ
ʮעⱣԼ֣ŮӰİ𪣬ʮָ޳Կ϶ǣǰĸټңҲûһ˫Уͬʱ֡
ȸʱĴϣԣֱί١
ֻ˾۾Լһ˫֡
±ߵ£˵Щʲôȸûͣڶ
ħʮ꣬û뵽һȻҪһᡣʮģֻЩɢʲô鶼
ֻһ³⡣
ǾǱ𡭡
ʮǰ֣࣬չˣֱȸ֮ʱ̱ⳡΧŵ˼ᰵζ
ǳƭ֣Ǽᰵķ
ᰣ֣չãѦʸţǸװɵĹ̫లš
ȫ
ҹӼ᰿ʼ
ˡ
ִµ׸ԣȸǿֱʵϹϹô
ԱĽһ˵˻˻𣺡ϹһյǼҹ˳һ˶û
ҡ
һңȸ££ɫͷЦôˣȻΪһŮ˲ǻơɵĿԡ
ȸֱ壬֮£Ӣһ˫߰ϸ۾УڿʼһЩ£ƶλ
λһλȥǰߣһλڡᰱ
ŶҲãͽɣߣȥǸϹǲǵѡ


065 Σķ
Ҷٿ񱼣ϲ÷ѩӦȥǸСԺ
֪ΪʲôҶܸоһ֮ж͸һ˿졣
˵жδҲ̫ˣô˸Ӧôţ뼾˶Ÿɣ˵ʲô
ҹҲˣ֪˭СආܹȻšʮ涾֮һġȸȥͶTMDһͰ
ҶһһУôǶϲ磬Ϊľҵ⣬˵Ϊĳ˵⣬עЩط󡭡
ҶٿȻվ
Ϊ𼾹ᰵ⣬Ϊ˷ɢµҪԸģֻǼᰣֻն
ôǸСԺʱ壬ԸǼô
һδػΪһССӦԸᰵģһиΪֻǽߵ
ǴСԺҲһ壡
÷ѩΣա
Σա
ҲᰱҲΣա
Ҹô죿

յģڲЩƨʱ򡪡
˼µעһҲ߼ᰣ˵Ķδ֪Ҫ֪ͨ᰿ҲЩˡ
ֻȥСԺǸˡҶȷĿ꣬񱼶ȥ
÷ѩ
ҲӦǵ˼ƻ֮ıϣްɡ

ҶڷԾᰱʱ򣬱ڵľ졭

衣
ڵƻڼϢ֮ļսʿ룬Ƿսʿһ䳡ϼᣬӼִµָӣͷж
ҵ˱еһ
׷ͳ⣬ӶŮڸУͻıŵòᡣ
㲻ˡ
סһˣҳϵ£ȫܣֻһߣߡͲڴ˴
üͷ
ҲȫѣƺҹľٶֻǷһ˵⡣Ͷ´˽⵽Ƿڽ´ģֻ˵ĶļˣõɫȾϡ
ʵҲ֤Ͱ綾ҲȷɫȾϡ
TMDֲԲжΪǡȸء
һпһ硣
Ƕļҵˡ
Ҷ³ͨλҽµһ͡µһ֣ȴɫͷ
˵ֶɿЦˡ
ԽˣԽԻɱʱ򣬾˫ÿһٶǱ⣬ѵ񣬷˴ֻΪüҸеѿ
㣬ǡ硱ĸ߲㣬Ҳִ֮һ֪硱ܣҪǣ֪ʵ֪֪Ҷ³ͨȻ޷˵رˡᰡпǱԼ塭
ԸΪ¼ҹ˵ͽѵֻͶһȺܣһЩļҵԵô
ģıһһı
ҲͨļսʿΪһεսǰһһɱܵսĸ߲ȴףšϽļ룬һս±ȫͬ
ԣϽħŵķ֧ڤϢжŶȣʻҶҽϵעļ١
Ӧǰٷְٿ϶ϳһУ˵ڳɱϽͷĿȷ϶Էһǹڵӣһ̨ħӡ
̨ħӣܿ϶˭֣ҶӺ棬׷ʵ
ϢȽϻңе˵ǳˣе˵ǳ͢˾ˣе˵ǽʿû׼ȷϢ
ŶҶ룬ЩȻϽħŰ࣬һô򵥡ͨô룿
һԳ˼³ͨ߰㣬ҪǱ˽еڷ˼ҶרڣﻹЩ飬ͻȻҶʵ³ͨһȻ˵Լ飬죬˵ʵ룬Ҳ˵ӦϼëŶ԰ףϼëأ
Ҷ³ͨ˵һ֪ĲɣڿЩɣɵþҪŭȴ³ͨ˵ҪʼᰣɵҲһ㶣ͷʿ꣺ˣϼôû
ɫһ࣬쾯֮ǰҼϳ£ּϸڱڣ֪˼ȥ
꿴űȼᰶҪϣʵ˼ᰲֹʮ꣬Щ֣Եʢ
ϼŲߣУûһı뿪ᰱ
Ҷ³ͨһۣͻȻֲõԤз
սټޡᰲڣҲָ֪ܲӵöǡ
һ
һ龪ѣбҪټҵǿսô
ŷĵ̵Ȼֹǰʵ֮·̫ͻȻޡһֱִ񣬲δУ򾡹ܸӹǸĸڶ࣬Ҫ𼾼ңҲһḶ㹻Ĵۡ
Ҷһۿ꣬˵ϲٴ統֮ʱΣˣһΡޡδΪ御һΣǳֵĻˡ˷ҵ˰ɣû췴ټޡԼû涨ʦִ¡׼ӭսɡ

롰硱ϰ֮ңһɽ嶸Ȼֱϱɽ
˰ɽ壬ߵɽȴϰ˿ͻأһɽ塣
ֱֱ£ʣǾ֣塣
ɽϣѩ̹ǡ
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ȡ֮һ֧ȸ͵ӣͨ͸ȴ׺ɫʣڰգ֮£Ĺֻȸһ㣬鶯
Լʱ͸Լİ֮˵
Էܸ˵ȴû⡭
գˡ
֮ˣ޸˾֮
ûǵǸ׿Ĵʦ㣬һĽķޣġµһŮ㡣
֪Ϊʲôڱⳡ԰Ļȴü᰼ȵĲΪȣˣҸ
ֻⳡֱظеҸ
ʮδ
᰽ӵʱѾҡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲô֧߲ȸԼĴͷԼֻǳȥһСû뵽֧֮ӱˣԱ߻һ֦÷
÷֮
˵ڡһɽׯĺɽ÷
һ̾ḧȸ̾Ϣ˵λȻˣβһ
һ󺮷ѩӰڱѩ֮УֳΡ
ʥŵӣľ⯡¹ˮ򾣬ݼ
һߣ˵ƵеȷħħΪһ־£ħ۶ûܴġʮޡҲ˳ʵѵá
ʥ۲Ŵԣ޵Уβ˳Ӧ⣬ͶЧʥţ󣿡
᰽еսУЦƵи书ȴûӡͶЧƵУɵô


066 ɱ¾
½󣬵Ȼ˵ƾǼĿסң쵼ǡʮˣǡˣɣҴԶģ뿴˭ô£ⶫŪ֡
žžһ֮𣬱̹ǵļ嶥ϣ¶Ȼ࣬һͷ쳤ۣ̹¶ŵӳǰ
ٵ̰㿡˷һϢаϴʱһĨŵе΢Цӡ̵ģ۾һ˫ϸ߰۾΢ţ۽ϣʱ̱΢Цһ㣬ʶ˶֪ԷЦУ˶ߵĶҺ
ᰲǼᰣҾ֪ЩСƲù㡭
üͷһЦ˼Ϻ𡭡ҵ˭ԭСȸô׵ô
ȸһⱲ׵£ҲǱǺʮĴ𣬴ʱиŭӿΪǰͷӣǵƽԼܻ׽ס
ϼëͽѿ֮Ϊ㻹л뿪ôȸ΢еۿżᰣЦһ˵벻ǼµļᰣҲף͵͵һŮϧ⣬ˮ鰡˵Ҳǣ㿴Ҷǡ龳ĸ֣Ͳ֪Ƹƣ˵ˣʹ㷺ƺвſйϵµһҽҶ͡µһɽ³ͨѣµһŮİ󣻡µһĺѣСߺߣҶÿ£˵Ҫǻţôܽ˰İ
ûԷ˵ٷϻʮûϷûɡɫһʵĵģ
ȻǴǵˡ
ƨĽݵϡһɽׯ
ȸͻȻһЦŲ£ʵ˼
ɫһ䣬˵Ȼ㲻Ը˵Ǿֵ¼°ɣԭίһԲġ
ҡȸһЦΪ㻹ܻ뿪ô֡
Ӱٿ򼾹ᰡ

÷ѩۡ
¶֮Ƿ֮÷ѩһʱ뵽˷ܻСԺ
ȻͶʮҲڱڣ⴦ͷĵص㣬ɱӳ硱̡
ֻҪס㣬ץסǸͷŮˣɴõ˵ļƻŪǰǷиеΣգ跨ɱת
Щͷӹķʱ÷ѩӹʮᣬ˱һᵱУۼǶСԺǰԶ֮ˡ
ʱкȻէ֡
÷ѩٿȻݼϡ
ͨȫչҪͣҲ𽥼٣ͣ÷ѩ˵ͣͣɡʵΥּ˵ĶԱȣӾ϶ԵЧ
÷ѩͬɽѩһ͸ʵʲôˣɡ
ɫϲ򣬻ֳ˸Ӱһʿ㶼棬طǳ
÷ѩˣȴ޾ɫԵǺôĵӣȻҽ硯ǡ
÷ѩںǳԷûԷӵиһԽڶڵ÷ѩǰԶ뵥ϥأְʮҹ񡯼С㡭
÷ѩ˪ϣֳһ˿죺Ǽҵˣʮҹˣ⹫š
һĸߴ˵С˵ǣµЧ
÷ѩصͷ֮ˣȻ˵ϵճϯĽꡭСʱһˣ㲻ˣԭѡˡʮҹ񡯡
㶼Ǽ쳣һ԰˲˵벻С㻹ǵֵܶˣԸΪС㸰ǡ
÷ѩһЦ纮ȥ︴գһԺʱһƬհס
Ϊڴ˵أΪסң÷ѩ򣬡жǵļ֮У˵ɡ
лС㣡һۣȡ¶Ӣס
԰ϯĽ국˵ϣСܼסڵף¼ʹսҲ޺
һԸߴճͷɫ
ǸʲôΪʲôô˵
÷ѩȻֹΪڸԶֳһӰӰլӿֻǶ̶ʱ䣬˵ĺֳ֣ÿ˵ľ϶ɫΧһȥÿ˶вڡ컯ΪСͷĿģˣ⡰ľ硣
÷ѩɫأϽǡ
ҵȸԸΪС㸰
÷ѩѩһ˲֪ѱ˲ԵĿ꣬Ǽʹ̽ġʮҹ񡱣һٽǼ𣬵ͬڴϹ˼ҵһ˫۾ʮҹ񡱲ֽģ;͵Ϯǣѷ˵˵ڰŻֻû뵽ԼһͷΪסԼȲ
һȫڵ˵İΧʮΣ
ĸߴճֵܸĵˣ˵ҵڻС㿴׼ʱɱȥɡ
ٷϻ÷ѩɫ˪˵˸Ҵɱȥ
С㡪˴󼱡
÷ѩһɨˣжһݣ벻ʱǸüЦʱʱ̶̿ܿĵıС㣬Ȼ˱
ǵҿ
иж

ԶһСУվˣңϽͽڽֳļΧм䣬΢ɣ̾˿벻ֻ⼸ҹ񡯣ѲҪǸѾͷͻȻǸֲǵټ
֦ϻģߡ˸Ͻͷ죬Ҳħŵġһٵħǡеļˡ
ϽͷеġħǽһʮˣǰǰƹеϰˡϾšʮˣڱչˣֻʣ°˸ִֵˡ
һԵ϶ӿ˵ѾͷͻȻֻ֣ڼƶ֮ǰ޷ҵǵӰҵȿӾ͸Ӽˡ
һꡣ
ԼλΪʥŴɱɱûйҲпֶͣĸʥžȻ˵Լ˳ʦʥŵ棬װһ̡
ʱԼʳĸоһķ
ⱲҲָˣһ뵽ʱζԼһԵĸоëȻ
ûӵĶڻ쵰ԼҲǺ顣
ɫ࣬ʵǵҲǳɹˡãǸ㻹ô
һЦҶǸˣڿЦģǸֻռ˵Ļ쵰һͬϣòˡ
һЦöԸۻ湻˵ˣֶһ̱̬
м˾ۼһ𣬳ȵǸѾͷǣ׼֣֮ǰΧɱǡ



067 һ
÷ѩܡϽΧ˵ǡ
С㣬㡭ϯĽȻ˵
÷ѩ֪ϯĽʲô˼ⳡǶµģϽиΧסԼ˵ΪԼ˾ء
档
ŵ˸δ֣ɱȥ˵
ɱȥ

ܡϽֿʼХųɱʩչṦɱһʱΪˡ
ԷȻ˿˼ɡᰱڵļսʿĿŵسɱ
÷ѩһ֪ΪȻֶΣ˵ԼһҲöӣĿıԮһΧɱ

ֻǿµΣ֪ԷѾֶͨΣȫ͸˹УֻΪûʵ˽롰ᰱԶԷԼ
ΧɱҹΪյĿģֻ»׼ˡᰱ
÷ѩܿ˲溮˶һ£׷˹ֵкȻ벻Сıδ˹ú˹бռϷ塭
뷨ʯһҹ񡱵ͷ֮󣬰Χ÷ѩǰ󣬰ڿƣһ֪⼸ó֮ʱƣǽ÷ѩġ
ʮҹֻ˰ȫ漾ʦļУʣµİˣҲ֣۷ΪӦ飬Ϊ׿ԽṦȼܣɱ֮ȷǵǿǸóɱΣ𹥻ǵĳҲԴѵ֮𣬱ѵ֮⣬Ҳóϻ֮ΪǴɱʱԽʤİա
˸ˣ˰ѳͿѪס
÷ѩ˵ļǰԼߣüͷ壬һɱڴеˮ֣γɵҹ˲ɱü䶼һ˪
δü÷ѩľ÷ѩڵһ˽ͬʱһ𣬺¡һͬʱӷϵ·ڡ
ͬһʱ䣬ɱӰ׷ɶ
С㡪
ٿȻİҹ񡱣֮´С
÷ѩУʱһƬ˷ɱĵˣɼ÷ѩһɺ紵ܣһƬѩϢ

ǵϢˡ
г裬˳תͬһ̴÷÷ѩĿͷֱУ˵γߣ˳ʱתһֽ棬һֽʣɣ̬ס
ʱġϽѾԾ˴˴ķ˲жʮԾУű÷ѩȥ
ҹ񡱸ո׹䵽أҪٴӪȣȴ֮һͨ˫ۣӷƶűΧ÷ѩо㶼ǱʹѼ
÷ѩٴκһڰϢ
÷ѩٿȻ˫ۣһɱ쳹صĺǰһͻıѩϯΧһѩŮһĸ߰º͸ѩ˵Ķ𡪡
˷ѩ
һȣһ֮䣬쫷״ıѩ͵ɢ˰˻أԲ֮ڣһƬѩڿеĶʮϽں͵ϵʮˣһϽǿͽԱ⣬ѩ׵ı񡪡
÷ѩһвδʹꡪ
˷ѩ֮󣬱ǡ
죡
أ

ȣ磬ٴɨ׵ľ롭
ض·ڴ˿̣÷ѩӯӯ䣬Ǻһʡ
ɲǵĳţ̶
飬顭
Ƶر𣬰׾ڣбѩαġϽڣԻΪۡ
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۷¹⣬׷ΧڣһƬӨ
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ϽȺȻ뽩˫Ŀ¹ǰѩľɫˣѩŮĤ֮飡
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һ֮Ϊ˼֮
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ոջһȺˣɶʱȫʧ٣ΪıۣҪ֪ոȺˣǡϽ书ߣṦãܵ죬ԸΪµһȺˣǡϽвĺģֻһգۣȫɥ
ϽʣİڣվȦ⣬һ̤Ȧзֺ
÷ѩ潣ǽͷ磬˷ѩЦºȺаɫ
˷ѩغ
ˣ÷ѩ
һرɫľ
һȺħɫˡ
ĹˣȺаȻˡ
ȺǰУ˵γĶԱȡ
ͷ죬ͷǡ
Ͻ˵Ⱥֹס˽ŲȻٴǼ֮һŷϵ÷ѩѹ
ǼǡϽͷ졭
ݽӲɫ͵СѾͷٿȻվļڣͻȻͬȵһ㣬ܣŮľ룬һ֮Ψֲģ
Ůͷ˵վԶ㣬˿
ǣǡ
ڶࡰϽڻæӦ𣬷׷ܡ
ŮɲǺǵģڤħͽڣҲ׽ӽ
÷ѩ俴ŽӽˣٴηġҹʵǸ֣ǵ鱨ô
ϯĽǰ벽˵ǡϽͷĿһʮˣĸﻹаˣһ˲֪ȥ򣬶Ǻ۷ĸ֣ħšһٵħǽԱԸ֣ħΪ졭С㵱ġ
ϯĽ˵˺󣬴ʱȫ÷ѩİΣΪĲ˵Ѿܱ˶Էˣ෴Լһ˲ǶԷ׸벻ʮ겻ıС㾹Ȼĸ֣ѾΪĽĶ
ŶԷħŸ֣÷ѩһ˿ɡ
Էһˡ
ԵϢһЩոһЩǿյЧ˵֣ͨѾ׳ˣ˵ĸ֣
Щͨڣɱٶħ˵ҲֻۣЩħŸ֣ɱһһŵϺŵĸ֣ˡ
Էˣڶķվһš
һݵĽȿڣһȤĿǣ˵ý¡ӢǡƵӢԸ̹С
˵սҪνǰС
ʮһϺȣֹ˶ԷĹƣһƮƮһϮɫЩʵǰ˵ʮ㲻֣
硪ƵӢΪħˣΪһͣý֣ǻϲġ
ͷһɣĿâһ֣˵÷ֻжԷõĻҪ˼ƶļƲôסǣơᰱֳӪȣһһᰱиޣʣµȺףᰱơ
ƵӢһݣһͷС


068 Ⱥħ
ʮܣ÷ѩһЦλɱ̹ǡ˲ұӵľŮԼΪħѿݼŵģҲɵһ˿¶
Цλ֪Ǽҵʲôˣͨѣߣʥű֤׷ʥ֮£ҵȣҲùȫ
÷ѩɨȫһۣԷͨܣֱǰ
Էڳˣû뵽Լһ֮䣬ԷԼɱһڵ˼աҲãЩЩЩ뿪
Ƶĸоǳá
÷ѩʱЩ
Է˵ĹԼͬ÷ѩкξ壿ϵʤ֮֮սǿ˭ľߣ˭ȡʤġ
÷ѩ̴بŲĺһʱȫ˵棬ɡ
һʱɫ֮ʣ÷ѩѾһҹȻŭѩۼһºѩɫ׷ɣ÷ѩһ촽һͷ죬ٿȻѩףǾ̼þӨ͸紫˵еѩŮıѩŮ١
һ֮ոȺĽҪĺŭȣһֱֻٿȻһʱɫ𣬿ıѩһӴڶİɫѩȾ˺ɫħʴЧ÷ѩΨһüѩɱɫѹѩ죬˲佫ɫϯС
ڷԱѩܺڷȾ˲ٰɫıѩȻֿסѩġڤơ
硪
λħǽǰԮ
÷ѩİҹҲʾƳɱֱӽħǽȫƽΧм䣬ʱ̯÷ѩѹ
ȺŹ÷ѩȻ޾壬ѩϯܹħǽѩ֮С
ܶԷħ׿ڰ׵ķΧڣյıѩ֮Уȫ÷ѩ÷ѩĽȻƥûҲ֣湥Ϊ͵Ϯ
һƣɢ÷ѩһƷת˳ơʱס÷ѩΣħšʮ书ͬɸоУ⡾˳ơǡʮСаһŵľУޣСȡЧʱ÷ѩԸѣ
÷ѩ˲һԱߵƶϣɫޱߵİɫͺХ÷ѩıһϮǰȻһŷѩƮʱסߣֻһɲǵĹٿʱȴû÷ѩټԼȫһƣȴ˶ܽ죻
Ȼ֣ͬһΪ£ͬŽһ֮ɨһߣ˺Ȼ֮ʱԶŭ𣬡֮ȴʮƵӢͻȻֵ÷ѩͻϮȫ˻֮ʣȴֻƵӢѪѪɣ˿ȴת˲⣬ڣʱˣȴﻹ÷ѩټ
Ҿ۳һţĪҪѾͷĹơ
һŭ˸æʮ۳һţ÷ѩͻϮ
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һ˥һâϮȥȴʯ󺣣Ϣ
ħɫ쳣աԴ˳ƹǰʿһսҲû۸һȻ·磬ԷӰҲһħȴ֮ء
÷ѩӰ·˱ѩ֮һ㣬Էһ壬ȴȫûԶٵƣ뱻򣬴ʱ۳һţȻԷ÷ѩͻϮ˥䣬Ҫȴ
ħһȴް취֮ʣһе𣬡˹
һʱȻϲ
Σʱ̣ȻСȼȴߵʮãڤǺ켶ƷĸߵħħŹʴǿֹ֮һųơﲻ֣ﲻʴһڣϳħ֮⣬޹ɽ⡣
ϸֶڡڤ֮ɫ䣬֮Ψֲ㵹ùҲǼ⣬ԶԶⱻԷڡ
һʮСƽʱˣ˶Ȼάȴδ䵱ҪսڴʱΧڤĿ£Ϊ˹ͬʱ÷ѩѷ
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ʮһĽӲϣ˫ĿȻһƬ԰ң׷ֱʣĿŮΡ
ڴʱһŷѩ쵽֮ʱһеֱϮ͵ʮáǡȻ÷ѩҲע⵽ħ˵ı仯Ҵ֮£ȳ֣سݽӲŮ̳һ
һʱ󾪣벻÷ѩĽȻˣ书֮ʣ赲
΢ǡ˫㣬һĨĨɫ治Ҫصڳʮ֮ǰ乥𡭡
õġǡ˫ֺȻץסϵƣ͵̧ͷһХڻҺɫȻ緢ѸΧɢ÷ѩıѩ磬ХбʴѩٿȻ֮ɫ
ܵڤȾħǡ˱ʮÿסƵĵͽ֮⣬һƬ֮ɫѪԿüٶȸɱΪվ̫ܵˡڤӰ졣
ܵӰĵȻֹˣڱѩ֮е÷ѩʱѱƮ첻٣ֳΣͬʱҲΪմȾˡڤɫһƬ԰ףתڹЭֿ֡
⡪
һŭȣڽڿն˫ƿħֻ֮䣬һƬ¡¡죬ͬʱþȫ˹ֵ÷ѩȥ
˫һΨһһλᣬץס÷ѩΪϮ¶мʱλԼħŸֹ÷ѩ޿ɱܣΨһһ˫˫ȫӲλħŸֵȫһ
һ죬硢ѩɣΧ۷ںȻһأеùʮˣǱ紵ѪǱʴøɱ񣬻ǱѩýӲ֮ҳһţһƬǽ塭
Ӱէַ֣ħ˷׷ڷһɫ̬񡭡
÷ѩ˫ָֽʣңңţüĿһƬ֮ɫȴˡڤ۵һһѪȻͬʱ˲ˡ
ʱһҹħǽս֮һʱ죬ӰٿȻֿħ˺𣬶ҹ˴ˡ
С㡪
յĿڵİæ÷ѩΧֹħٴιɫȻΪ÷ѩơ
Ц뷢ţ̬ۣȵѾͷ·㲻ߣƫСܣҿ˻ܾȵ㣡
һȣħ׼ٴϡ
÷ѩ˹Ӧս׼һƴ
ڴʱһŭϴĸҶϱ
ͬʱһƬҺ֮ȺħȻͷ֮ʱֻһƬƵУΧܵġϽڻѪ磬һط׷׵УһɫӰ˲ɱ͸󣬴˽
÷ѩҹšϱһɫʱüѿ
Ⱥħֻһ˵ţʱǼɫ䡭
һʱ֮䣬ȫ£۵ңȫǺݶˣɱӯʹ÷䡭


069 Ѫħ
Ⱥħһʱɱ㣬ڤѴƹۣԶԶؿȻϳҶòҶһɫۣ۲ͬȻҲǿ۴䣬ĵطȷʵڲɱƹʽһϳҶƹ۵ʿݡ
֮еʮʮãҶϼسᣬϾ׷ɱȥ֮塢ϰˡʮǧ׷ɱϳǣҲ飬壬˸ɥϳǣ˵ǰСʿס
ۺ졣
ϴ󣬾ϰˡϾšʮСʿģ
ʲôʱ󾪣תŭ
벻áϽһǱ׾ȻôСʿһȥԪδͻƵСʿ
ڡᰱ´֣ȻõɶԷϵ˻Щŭһˣ׼ֵ⡣
ʿΪ۷壬ΪһĽɫʵڲֵñ¶٣˹ͬʱϽҲɵøлЩڳǱſڵļ֣ǿСʿֵԼһΪȥĵֱ
ϣ
˸Ͻͳڵɱ˹ħӿҶǺ޼һʱȻΧ÷ѩ˵ĻᣬȫɱҶ
Ԫ۷ĸ֣Ըһ۷ĸ֣ҶҲȺħĶ֡
÷ѩܰҶҲȣֻһƶϣʴո÷ѩħǽֵȫһѾˣáڤһ˲ڣƻǿҲԳ֡
ѵҾڴؿȥô
ᣬҵġ
÷ѩģȻڴ˿һ˿ûڣԼô嶯ҲͲôΪҶˣ
ҶԳɱˣһ˿аЦӿ֣˫аʮľ룬ҶӭȺħȥͬʱ˫ֿͭǮšָͨǿȿʼ
ݡ
һæǹһħɨȥȺħȻҲʾƷ硢硢ȭ硭ɫ֮£ɫʸĸӳصơ
ȺħҶĹԽ£˵УΨġǡʮǡӵЩѶȣ˶Ǻصֵֵֻסһöף͡

޲Ҷһٽƣ˫ּͬ꼻ţĻâȺħȥҶЦĹ֮£ȺħƵٶԷʼֵҶĹеĺʮΪֵҶĹЩŲŻӵơ
ʱҶȴЩģа˹̫ͣ࣬ôȥأȱ˸߳ҲôķַֻУȴû취ɱСףˡ
Ҷһת¹ĿһģԭΪҶ޲𹥻˵ĺʮҶչ£ع˴ӣΪҶĹ𽥼еһ
ҶĵһЦȻٹͬʱ͵͵һֱֵֻ£ͬʱԶͣ΢ǡȵιǱߵǸ˥ӣϲʶҵү㲻Ǯô㲻TMDͭǮӻģôү㡪
һߴһ߼ͭǮĵȺħעͬʱ׼ᣬĴں²ڰŵƤȺħȥͭǮ죬ΨҶʩַϢٿȻȥ
һߵġ΢ǡҶ˫ͨ죬ϾŵԼֱӵĹϵҪԼͷͬ⣬ϾҲһж֮Ҳἤȥ𣬽ȫСʿʱ༤ŭٿȻǣҶȥ
һ󼱣ʱǧҪˡ
嶯ʲô£ĵľڶߣͻȻеʲôסԼĺǰλ֣ͻȻͬʱ¶ĪĿ־ɫȻһϮˡ
֮һƬ𺣣˲ûˣûûвҽУоԼȻ綼޹⣬ȻһƬڵС
л㱣ٴתʱ򣬷ЩȣڻεҪŻµĸо
Ŷ䣬ҡҡͷŪԼʶʱȴ϶ѪӶѪ
ЩãȻղŷʲô
̧ͷʱǰһ۶ϵĴȰʹ쳣Լȴһ˿һϸϣŷԼãĴȶˣԼߣѪܵĴȣŬҪֹסӿѪһֻͽͣ
عͷʮԼűߣãɫһأĿ˫ֻۣʣһֻһߣǸѪܵĿܿõ׻Ѫһ̲ýżһģͷ­෭ĺ֮ﻩһһأ
ǰһ߽ʬ˭ģܰСʮãˣյóһ磬ģսǳģŵ㱻ζҪ
һ͵קסԼĽףתȴǱըصĽ죬һֱǼԿļһֻʣ˰أȫˣ߰ĳͷ֪ԼкЩʲô
Ũ̹죬׷ʲô
ʲô
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ǰŨ̹УһӰ˫֣бű̬ƮɣУȴڶħ
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γԴ𣬴ʱǺʱ˵ǺεأǺˡ
ħħ
ŨֳεӰŭţܶʲôԸı䲻ĳ嶯
ԼŭͬʱԱȼյ浱УͻȻܳһӰһǻĸߴӰٿȻڶԷԣһȭȼյһȭҵһȭȭͷ֮ϣͬƸһСĳһ棬Ǹħ
ߣǡؿǡߵġȭôѵһȭѾȫƽʱ߹Ǳһصķ
ڶԷǰֻһһĶ֣ޱǳǣƾΪѵһȭƵǰ۷ȻޱԼϣȻ֮䣬ֻǸо߸ߴȻ飬ϰΪ䣬ȣȴԭȼţֻ棬þòϵ¡
еŭԷȻԼֵһɱҪɱ
ǿ˼ĵͻȻԼ·ӰԼĶ·֮ʱȻ˵ĲȻ·קסԼĳӡ
ŭɶͷһԼĴճ˽̿ճԼƤ֮ϣקס˻δջٵ·һǣһû뵽սĲ·ԼĶƤһսҲԼĶƤһǻѾյð˵ĳӣһ£һأȫ·Ҳһ˲˸ɾȻڵϣ˫ֲǰ죬Ҫѳϧǰ˫ȴôҲ
һ˫ĳǰһֻץסԼԿǣǸħһСʿԼǰ
Է˵ݣȻԷĻܶԷĻǡ㲻öҵŮˡ
ŵеԼĽӿƬ̣رٴڣӴҲ۾ˡ


070 Ϊ
Ҷ֣ֱʬȻء
Է̫أʧ˵Էڵǿάһʧʧȥ̵֮Ȼ˼ˡ
Ԫһ졪
ͻ˰
Ҷؿ˿Լ˫֡ͻơ֮ʱѣû뵽ͻƸһġԪȻɱˡ
Ϊܶôˡ
ΪոԼ޴ɡħ޵УҶʼ죬˲ħɹִ֮ϲһһ崣޴û룬ȴɲǼԼ˾ͻơ
ħų棬ռʦ֮ͥǰνɱԼһѻҶüĸо
ǶľĴ
һֻʣصĽ죬Է
ǿЦͷһﾹȻץŵǻ쵰Լ
ҶΪ׼еܵأǸ߿ħŵ֮ĸ飬̫ˣı֮£Ҳ˽ӡ
Ҳ˵
ҪûС顱÷ѩΧԼ᲻Ȼأ
Ҷ˦˦ͷԺſգȥ⣬֪ԼѾ˴𰸡ȥ룬ǲȥѡҲǲȥ
ԥ;ܾʱǵͬġ
Ͻͷ죬˸ħǽö顱չ£̶˵
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϶ǡը˰ӣ
ϴǡմ˶ңԼԼţ
ߡؿǡһԹļһȻסˡ顱գ͵ϮԼԼġתơת˹ԼԼһȭֱӹҵ
ʮһطǡʮǡ
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ʮһվϴǡ󣬶һ٣ʮǡվֻǱƿһ£˶Щˣ޴󰭣ȻŲ·ˣΪǲ֪Сʿϵ׻жٿš顱
ͻȻ֮ıըһȺ˵м䣬Ϊվܼ˲أҲΪܼÿ˶һ١
ߵʹ˻ġǡǰҶƣ׼ͷ
ҪԷȻ󺰵޲ɷ޸ʱݲ԰ףо㲻Ҫɱңңңһᱨġ
Ҷһ룬ַȻ˵֪ڵļֵֻһ
֪֪ԷŴ̹׵Ĳ죬ɥȫ˵һȫ˵Ұ֪һСεжħŵܣһ˵ȫ˵ֻŹҡءŹҡ
˵󣬶ԷǺޣ˫ȴҲϵˮΪҪŴȣסѴȻƬ̣ͻʧѪ
Ҷ̾һŮˣԼ˵ģļֵҲֻʣһ鱨ˡ
Ҷ̧ͷһĿİҹ񡱣ɵЩȻͬȾ磬ԷȴηԼͬЫ˵æ
ҹ㿴ңҿ㣬㶼Ҷ
Ҷһ̾Ϣӻͳͭƣ΢΢һΣȻ˲˹סҶҡ
ҪЩܵġϽڣŵɢӡ
ָָϵġǡҶ˵ǱңǱһģɵ
ҶȻܵضԼ顱ݣЩҹ񡱴ǳ⡣
ҹ񡱾ֱϼֻϼλ䳤ϲȨ͵ǿӣǱмľġ
ʣҪһ˰
Զ÷ѩͻȻһΣҶٿȻԾȥס˶Է˫硣
ſң÷ѩ䵭˵Ȼ͸¶žǿ
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ҹһ֮󣬱תȥ˵̫ߣܹܵŵġ
Ҷ̾һȻǴˣǱ˴ҲǾѻ𰡣ԼԼҪĳ̶ȻǹƵĲ㡣
ղźʲô÷ѩһʵ
Ҷ죬ԷˣҲǺ鰡
ŻĸоҶȷԼָһԼ̵ĺۼ
ҲԼԶӡȴ˿ܸôŮϹϵһͣҪǰԿլȺǺġ
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÷ѩûĴŭ֮ǰҶðȵĶ飬˲⡣
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˵꣬ץ÷ѩ֡
Ҳܡ÷ѩһ˦֣ȴԼʱڤĲ͵ر÷ѩͷһΣٿȻˤ
ص֮ʣȴһһǿıסԼļ۵ʱҶӢӾǰǿҵϢڱǶƣأЩ󺣵ζЩɰ
Է˵Բ˱С㣬ȻڵοЩѪΪ˾㡭
÷ѩҪ˵Էһһ˹ڱڤʴľѸٺתǹɫȴѩһڣӴܡ
Ҷ÷ѩ뻳еʱԶʱϯĽ꣬һҪȴԵճһקס
֮ʣճȴǳҡҡͷ°ָָҶķʾϸۿ
ϯĽɻؿŶˣƬ̱Ȼ
ˣȻ˵۾ǲ˿ɫʣŮӵ۾ӵ۾ȴ峺ա
ٱҲס嫵գ
̶ʮӣһ÷ѩڵġڤѾ۳һɫˮһš
һŻɫž˲Ҷڣ÷ѩһڡ
Է棬оǡԣأȴ񣬾ȻԿơڤ
ɼܹѹơڤڵĻȫûô
Ҷȴȫ
ΪҶתڤ񹦡ڡ¡˳һŨţһָԶԶصɣ̶ΪһŻƣԶɢ
ڤߣ㡾ڤ񹦡ܹתգԼҲģϲɼĶôôȻ
ˡҶ˵
÷ѩȻһ죬
Է棬ȫˡڤڵƣҲת˲Ȭ˴롣ˣ˺桭ᡭ
ҶͷȻЩϲ̵ģƺԼʲôûеõƺԼõࡣ


071 ƶ
ö顿ıըˡᰱע⣬ǽϻѼ֮ƺӿʼᡣ
쵱ȻֹᾪҸ֣ħŲڱڶ֣Ҳɡ
ͷǰ׳գ֮ǰӦûɸֳ鿴ģֻҪԼһӴǣȻὫħŵơ
ħŵļƻ꣬һ׶ӦΧҹ񡱣ڶ׶áᰱڵĸ֪׶ʹǳӪȣ׶ǽıڸΧɱ
Ϊ÷ѩҶĳ֣ƻֹ˵ڶ׶ΣᰱйȻսΪԣû׳ҹҲ˲ţµ˵ͼıսҲ㷢źȡ
Ҷö顿ȴźš
Ҷа⣺Ҳ˲֪⶯ʲô³ͨ϶֪ԼΣգпñڸֳԮԼ
³ͨҶǳԵΪҶڻʸ̩ԵԵʣ౦ΪҶʸ̩ĽΪҶıƣ³ͨ߿ҶһۣҵһŹͬõ꣬һϦ̸꽻ļƣҶ˵ò˵һľϲ
ˣҶŰҹǺһЩʬ壬ħŵƷдá
ҹ񡱿˿еһʬ壬ɫЩѿ
̫ˣѪ֮ѰҶһ˾͸µȥֵġ
ҶȴЩۻԸ˼֮Լûһ汦Ƶ
˵ֵ顰ħơǸʮӢǡıҲ´£ˮȻȲ÷ѩġ񺮡ʹʦֵġ硱ҲǵƷ³ͨԼĳҪǿһ
Ҷ³ͨԼĳһ˱
÷ѩŲʱ䣬˹Ϣ·ղһʲô鶼ûз
һâɹ÷ѩ˳һӣȴһѪɫҩ裬ɢŵҩ֮
Ҷڴʱ˵ǡ޳ϵȵ֮ҩ
޳һҩʦɫɺѪҩ޳һ޳֮ҡ
÷ѩҶý̬һȻСָڵҩһСҩм̴ţ£ָϵҩмնϸ
Ҷ˲Ϊ֮ᣬЩճŭغʵιʲô˼
÷ѩ֤ҩȷ޶Ž޳ẬڣĿ˹ϢʼնûҶûһ¡
ҶҲеץˡ
͡ﰡѵһᶾ㲻
÷ѩĿƺ߸ûҶˡ
Ҷͷ죬ǺԶҵҲӦһԣҶһ滺һߺݺݵشؿڣʲôţϲȥ²
Ҷ飬һв׵ϯĽճǰ˵
֮ǰͨҶǵǰһϯĽ꣬һճ
һԱѾֹѪʩġǡħŮʱһθĳɵСϣɫΪʧѪ԰ף֪ͣЩʲô
Ҷ֣˵ĶԸϢҪһҪúñİȫǲ֪ħżƻȫֻ֪һЩԵƻҲƶϳħżƻĴš
˵ͷʾס
Ͼרҵ̽˲ţ鱨Ҫԣλ᲻ӡ
ǰСʿȻеУֶκػɱħŸ֣ץסһˣԼһƣȫһ󲽣ò͸м
Ҷ̾һ˵ǵĴΣգҪȫؽŮͻءᰱܳκβͬʱҪ桮ᰱڵˣҪ򿪴ţҲҪ˳Ӧħ֮˼ץ˴ŮȻǽĶս⣬һҪСıŮһսܷռȻ㿴ǵŬˡ
ϯĽճᶨһͷ
Ŷ˶һۣϯĽЩԥ˵Ҷ飬ʵҲӲš
Ҷһ㶣ʲô˼
ճӿ˵һլԺܽᰱĵص
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ҡҡͷ⴦صֻ޵ļ֪㼶𲻹Ӵ
Ҷɫأʵλģ
ϯĽڵϣɳϻһ򵥵Ĳͼһָ㣬һ˵ڱﴦǿԿ϶˲ᷢ⴦صԺ䵱к͸һħŵĸǱҪǵɱȥ
ҶһǸլԺԼ·ʱû뵽澹ȻҪܵ룬˵ô˵ɱҲܱɱҪǿö࣬룬֪жΣա
Ҷа룺ԼãȻԽӽᰱĴţԽҪĽɫʱǱῪıţǽضϱ֧Ԯֵ·ǱȽġ
ﵽţһľ룬ȫʩչṦ̱㵽ҪǳΧɱȴҪѵĶࡣ
ϯĽɫ࣬˵ľ룬ħһи֣֣Ϊǵ壬³ϺҶڵġ
ȥȿڵĴأճͻ
ҶһЦԷҪ¡ᰱǧˣôܹɽȣڱ⣬ҲڹȿڴѾħŵƿ֮ˡĲ˵ոôıըᰱһţɹȿڴŵȴǺ޶˵ˡ
ϯɫþò
ȿڴſһС;ӪڵģļսʿפȻϢر£˵ʵĺ
Ҷվ˸ңңšᰱķ˵ˣôƻɡٲߣǿɾ͡
Ҷͻһ٣һߣһ¶һΣյЦݡ
ͬһʱ̣÷ѩٿȻĿâ䣬Ҷͬһ
ϯĽꡢճãȻ˳Ŷ˵Ŀ⿴ȥԶһƬʲô
Ҷ˵ÿˡѵˡ
ħŵķӦνѸ٣սʧصɲǣǲ˸ϮͼԼһڱ⣬Ҷһ¶ٶʩչΧԮսš
Էָ֮ˣǵС

ڡᰱһĸ¥֮ϣȻվӰ
ΪһݸߵӣҰɫĳۣŹĳڵסԼݿȥΪӲһ㶢Žյġᰱš
һںڰУһ˫˫˸˸˸â۾ȴǸУ֯˷ܺͲ̡
ӰһһӰ¥ϥ򵹣˵ȡڤ©ѾɳǮʦѾʮλħǡ·ϣϽͽѾ¼ᣬʱԿʼ

һݽӲӻ˵šһʱ򲻿
紵ǰĳ¶ڳûͫ׵ĻҰɫ۾һֻһƤס
˰ǡʮеġƶ


072 ﳤ
ҶԶԶǰɱȺȴǸոձŵȴġϽڡ
˿̵Щڣƺܵ˸ľţһݾ֣ûһس˳˹Ȼֻ٣ڷģûЩơ
İġϽڣٴɱڵ˹һΣƺǶľģٲǰˡ
ħ㹻ֶЩͼͽڸĸ
Ҷͷ˿ˣĿ÷ѩĽפƬ̣õĿΪ֮Ҷһ˵
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ҶһȣԾ·šᰱ˳ȥ
ϯĽꡢճһһңҶԺλã֮
˻סҶؼǰ
ҹ񡱽̧šǡౣ÷ѩ󣬷ֹ˴ӺɱͬʱҲΪвӦ֮ˣʱԮλõˡ
һļʸƣħšϽһ˳ɱȥ
ϽڣƽˣΪ׼֮ͽ˿̱ħŸ߲㲻֪ʲôֶвȣȫһʧȥǵƴ̬ת˲㵽ҶĹΧ֮ڡ
Ҷ˫ֺ£һһţͬ꼻ţҶָԲתʹʮָ֮ʣָ˾
࣡
ָ͸𣬰ĲҽǰϽڣٿȻͦѪ쭷ɡҶָʮ֮һˣκһ־ѧָʺȺ
ϽҶ߳ЩأһӴǿУĹ굱УҶľָʬأɾ
ҶһڻδӴ֮ǰҶ㿪ʼ̼䣬ǰһȺڵǰ¶һյء
Ҷԥͣ˵УҶָȫǰһ֮赲Ƭ̵ǰ
ϽڽӴҶʱЩֳ־綾ġҹǣǴɱ䣬ͿѪó֮ýʽþҲùϵҪλֻԹƵһǰƤܣɶԷɫڣ̱
÷ѩһ֮ǰƣΪɱȻû֮ǰõĽôɱһһɱ˼Ϊףݱеĳһɺˡ
÷ѩĿĺܼ򵥣ڵ˵ĸδ֮䣬ʵһԷиֳ֣һ
ڶԸЩһĺ֣òǼмľֻͨĽбӦ
Ҷɱ󣬾䡢Ѫ֮ʣԶ෿ϣͻȻֳٶȳӰһװ硢ֳ˫׶һͬڵñӣұߵһֻһɫ硢ֳüꡣ
ħšһٵħǡеġذǡ͡ضǡ
ٶ죬෿ܣܶȺͬʱУŴͷҶһ
ҶһЦѳ˫֮УֳϹһðתơӭҲ๥ĳһͬʱֳһʽɽֱҲֹضǡʺ˫Ŀ
ֳʹתơеĳٿȻת򣬵һķ๥߲ݸߵġضǡоͻȻһǣ֮Լĳ任˷һ֮ʣǰâ֣ҶȻǰ
֮ǰȻСʿɱʥšħǡûӶֵġضǡͬذǡһͬԷδϵԷȻˣֹ˫ָеϴһǣ֮Լâ֮£æɿԼıæˣ͵ظеظһʹ۵һѪҽ˺С
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÷ѩ˵ĺ󷽣š񺮡硢ɱ죬˺зڵĹÿһγֶ׼ȷضһѩ·ɣһʱ֮䣬ңƥű񺮡ƣ֮Ҷǲضã֮й֮ɱøķڽп졣
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Ҷ޵һȻԷڿ٣һʱѪȱѵ˼㣡

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ħǡֹ˵ٶ˲һ٣ԻħǡȻҶһ̫ţǡ
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Ҷһæץ÷ѩ֣Ҫֹж
֪÷ѩƺʱ̷Ҷһ֣ȻҶͻȻϮץ˸գһ˫ĿؿҶ
Ҷ˿Լȥȴץյ֣εһЦһֻ֡žشȥֱֵЦǸʶȴһݣ˵ûҪӲƴߡ
˵ͷųСȥ
һϣ÷ѩֿһ۳пΰߣת϶顣
ҶٱۣҪڶԷûܷӦ֮ǰСеɶꪣһ֪ڹᡢԶƽ̹ĳ֮ϣǶԷӳƵĵطҶѡתƵԱߵСһӵĻԷ׷ҲƶԷϵơҲЧ΢΢Ҳʤޡ
ҶﻹһΪ޵뷨ԷѾɳ֣ΣһβԣԷɢߣСиӵĻȫڲΣΪףǿĻᡣ
Ҷ˼Ӵܣͷ׺͵һͣǰһɫĹǽ֣żΪϢƺκζữΪ촷ۡ
ҶȻˣǽһĶԼǰͣ룬һɨһ޴ĺ蹵Ҷ˳ź蹵ȥǸΰ߻Żƣ蹵ʼĵطȻ¡
ˣҶǵǽһȻ߷һһǽߴĵ
蹵Ŀˣһߣһߡ
Ҷתͷһߣһש߷һ룬޴ķ϶Žµĺ蹵ͻأسǰƺ߼ˣ·ͨ
ҶɫٿȻ䣬һԼ÷ѩ赲ҲǷǵ³
ΰһЦ˵Сүү
ܡ
ҶûʱͷǷϻһŭȳ˳ȥṦޣһɷֶļơ
Сңү
ҶͻȻ˲÷ѩ˵ľ룬Ǯһһ˲侹Ȼ֪ǹ÷ѩ׷ҶһԥһƬâһİӭֵȻͷܵҶ
ɫĻһƬâɫϣδһǰĲƣɵص
һƶȴǮıŭС
УǮ¾ͬһ㣬ҶӴܵķ׷ȥȻܵĻһ𣬿ɼ˹İԵ
ǮĿԸ񣬸ݲñ˵棬ڡħʮ꣬˻Σݲñ˵ӣ˴ٴγɽʰĴ㣬ݵñ˵ķҶʱľٶڳϻĺ룬Ǯܲŭ
ǸסЩˡ
һž޴ͬһ㻮նȥֻôһ仰
ħ赲Ҷһ˵ֻǮһ֣һǡ쾳۷壬µֻ֣ʮħǡħžӢڡϽķڣвİˡ
һΧɱϽ˶ٶˣħžӢ룬ʮħǡˣʣʹġɢǡͻʹáԹġ׳ǡս
ħŽػ鵱ǿ֮ǮҶܣʣµô赲ס÷ѩ
÷ѩɫһ䣬ڿϯĽһ֮ڷ˾ԮҶ뷨ȥˣ˺ҲߵĶ֡
ߡ
÷ѩٴγ䵱ͷ˼ųֳǰɱ
Ҷ÷ѩֻǾЩϧЩж˲ȴЩԽܣĿǰôΪȷľ
ֵǿ󣬳󣬱Щħǡֻ֣Ϊǵͷ죬Ǹ쾳ڵĸ֣û뵽ȻǸ쾳۷壬ư벽顱ĸ֣ʵڳԤϡ
ϯĽĵһжؿҶʧķ֪ǸСʿԼΪӮѵĻᣬԸ࡭
˰̾һ÷ѩɱ
ʱ롰ᰱĳţľˣǴаͨڵլԺвһľ롣
û˸÷ѩˣٶһʱü죬쵽ڳħȺ׶Ӧ

˵TMD
ҶаͬʱץͭǮǰһѣǵһѣԾѪķڣͷ֮ʱâһǣԼһͭǮҲôЧ
ڷ֮ϣһ׷һӣ˲㽫÷ѩһ׵ԶԶġ
ħô֣ѵǴ˵еʲôʮɣԷĹħŵ·ɫâһּӲĸоĳ֡Թĳֱ칦Է;ȡʤ
֮ҶһӡܣܣҪܡֻҪҪƤߵȷѿҲһǡ
ԣҶľǷֿܣˣ˹˸ˡֻ⣬һʱǷ֮£һͭǮСӣôǴк˭룬СƢôȻΪôһȫ׷ɱԼΪʲô
񾭲
С
һɾϮҶһ෭һһĵһķֽ֮һ˼ǰʯʨ롣
ֻôһҶٶȱһվ֮ʱʮ׵һϣǸΰ߰Ȼվͷž˵ħЦСҿ㡪TMDܣ
񾭲˭µذPOSEӪգϻ֮ѵҲȻඡ


077 
ȫûСȡ塱֮Ҷؽšȡ塱Ĵҵ
Ҷݡٿ䣬ҴܣǮȻṦҶߣʢٶʤҶֻŶԷṦϵ㣬˿ա
ۼԷһٿձٴαϷˣǮһʱŭ֮£з˫ͬһĵӿ˷ϮҶڽƵòܶܣǮ׷ҲϻˣֱһꪺҶ˫ϥºݵȣҿܡ
ķ˷ǾĵҶȷûзˣǸλãᱻһͣ٣³

Ǳסˣһûܶס
ҶǮһЦָһһƿҶµķݵС
С
Ǯ̣ԼݺὭʮ꣬ûмôƻ֮ˣǿٿձṦ˼ֱǻֵһķ϶ߡ
һӣһȻһûüԷӴܣƿһǡᰱķ
ǮҲ룬ӷ˹ȥֻǸԺȴֻǷһӴӳӣȴ˵Ӱ
صһײŵ
쵰
꪿ƣһһǽһİ絶ٴγ֣Ӳؽ룬Ǯⴿⷢйһ֮ٴγ㣬Ǹ׷ȥ
Ƭ̣ķ棬һ죬ҶӴһǮȥķһͷæٴδӴһ˳ǴܵصլԺȥ
Ǯǰ׳գ۷Ѳ֣ò˶ͻ۷СֻΪԼȡƬʱ䣬һҪڶԷٴ׷Լ֮ǰ嵽Ǹط
Ҷûؿ쭣ʱɵЩߺޡݡٶˡ
ӯƵġݡٶϵȷ㲻ǾӹС˵гƵٶȵһģǡаٱ䡿ǡ貨΢սӹԼ˵С˵У˭Ṧϳˡ졢ԶģԼĴǡΤһЦȥ硢ƹȡ񡱣Ṧµһ˵ġ
ҶѰҹ书ṦֻСϷɡһڻѧ׵ġϷɡѾǴﵽ˻Ƽѧı׼ȻӵǾΨһܽ͵ģʺ츳ⲻһ˿ԴﵽˮƽҶѧΤṦҲһܹӵǳǿˮƽ
ֻҶҽߣΤһЦʾȻԽҲҶٴע⵽ԭ
ȥٴоһ¡ϵͳΪЩϵͳãǶѧ棬кܴİ
ǡҽһչ£츳İ취Ǽͨ˵ԼУԱɾ˫š
ŶṦĲҶһա飬Ҷһ֮صصլԺѾǰʮ׵ľˡ
Ҷ÷ѩһ˳ɱطﲻǳħżûﲼҹһ˱šǡǰ߲Ҫطɱ÷ѩһںߵֵ׷ɱˣٶȼ졣
ҶвɵһϲµľνǽԴϲ
䡭
ʮԶһͻȻ̮һһ͵ҶǰǮĿΰٴγ˳ĴС
гꪻΪһƬӰն֮䣬ʮɫһŴڰеҶ
ҶڿУ뵶ʮң㡾ݡھҲѲŵɵĴˣап֮£Ψƴ赲ˡ
ۼƥ޿ɱܣɵҶһˡ
ͷո𣬺ͻȻһֻסԼĽף͵һ˦
Ҷǰ羹ȻΪٶȶ˲ŤΣϿĦ֮
Լٴʶ֮ʱһӦԼţڶӦؾȻǵģӦǰҹϯĽꡢճ˳մĿ⣬ЩˬĸӦŶѾǱų嵽˼ʮĵط
Ѱ֮ʱ¡¡죬ǮĵոգһնƬ
룬ԼǮľ룬ȻжʮԶҲ˵ԼˣȻ˲ܳ˶ʮ׵ľ룬ٶȾȻǮӿٶȣʲô
ٶȣӦþǴ˵СΤһЦٶȣҲǻױ¡ĵٶȡ
ż񰡡
ͻȻɱ𣬲ҽڶ
ڳ÷ѩӰȻǵģǶϿԵ͸ӵĽΣǰʮȽĳƬɱ
ŮŮ÷ѩǿЦıǸʲô
ҶһµԼļһĿţ˵λż֣ܲȰҷ˼ŮЦˡ
ۡ
÷ѩûסЦ˳
ޣԲסһ֣½Ҷ˳ȥҶ˳վֱϵ½ȻƮƮȻ˵ϡ
˵˶ʮףҶϾȻһҲΣӿµҲֱ֮ӳžԼ˾ϹףϿҵллλ֮
ۡ
һԵ÷ѩٴʧЦ
ҶЩƵ̧ͷǰеȣʮӣһͷĶ̷ΪӢòҪǡ
ûкᡭ
ף
ҶЩɵ
˰̷ӵЩζǸŮġ

÷ѩһЦôģЦû֦Ҳ
ҵܡޡ֮һġɷС硱ģҶۣʷϵĵһˡ
ЦУҶɫЩΣһŮ˵ôԶȷЩ˺˵𡭡
ԷԵòԵɤԵŴ硭
ҲʵڲܹҶᡣ
ǸԵŮûص÷ѩһۣ˵ѾͷôΣҲҳ
÷ѩЦݣֻʱʱس鶯һ£۾ȴôҲҿҶԼ̲סЦšɷʣҴˣ´ע⡭ţ硭ۡ
ɷһŭΧ˶˲㶡
÷ѩһθ˿ЦȻˣ
ɷȴɫһ䣬˵ûʱ俴Цˣߡ
˻ͷ֮ʱӰһ˸ӰϴˣһͷһѪĭ޴ɤźTMDǮTMDǸӣҸ˸ˣ˳һǣTMD
ҶЩͿǰλ磬̣ΣֵܾϤ
ͷ󺺻ͷҶһۣȵСӣʲôҿʨүôСţӣ˵ɷ˰ûõĵܵܣߺߣţȥȥɼܣ磬ױ


078 
ҶɵɵؿǰĹͷ󺺡쾳ĸ֣ӦûڳڵĽ׶Σڶǵľ硣
ԭҵĴ磬ֲó񣬶ֵһɫĴͷֻһ̣λ̨ĵȴͷϡ
ұԼһĽ˵£λ̨֣Լ³Ҳ˶١
ҶڨڨһЦδ𻰣һͬߴȴһͷҷһߵġ˵ûʱ䆪ˣǵٿ±ħ֪ˣߡ
һʱ̣Զ͵һ̻һըһ˶ѪɫӳüһƬɫ
Ѫڵźţ죬ٳپˡ
ޡͻȻ֣ħŵмƻ
һ棬֤ˡᰱ׼Դ󲿶ӾԮͨĸ־߱Χļˣ
һ棬ǵͻȻ֣˵ᰱΧδյĵصص˼ҸߴţŴȫû壻
һ棬ޡǼΪصսҲսɱǣħֵϣѹңʱ򣬼ֱǿҲȡʤϣ
ħżȷˡޡ֮ıƻԱһһֱӵǿ
ʱһƬ¡¡طݵ֮ͳĺɱ˹ɫӺɱжϣħǧˡ
˵СԺУݶֱԾһݸߡ˫泤ϥĹˣֱӳ˺ѽѽߣߣ¿ͱˣʮ쾳ĸ߸ϹٳǾͲˡ
һͷƤ飬ħŵȻǿʮִ˭ݽȥ˭ˡ
ҹ񡱴һˮԱߣھһֱӰĳһ죬ƺĳű˿
һ弸˺ԥ¡
ҶϯĽһѣȵȰħŮȥȺߵˣֱӻر
һԵĸޡͬʱ۾һֱ泤Ĺ˺ȵѽѽץ˸ħŵķ²ʲôȼģ
ǡһٵħǡġǡϯĽ깧
ʱҹѾµУ˵صճšǡѸٵµˮ֮Уġǡڽ˵ص֮Ҷ˿
˵ˣ
Ṧ׿ɷڷϷڣʱüЩٺߣȥһ
Уһͬԡ
һͷɢΪۻĹȵ
ṦߣܣҲ׷ϡɷ̵˵ôˣ
˳ĬȻɷ˵ȷġ
ҶѾµòˣ֮£ֻʣԼ÷ѩˡҲûãҶ顱һ˦ֶϵɷȵš
ɷӹȥϸһ²ӳȥ
飡
ҲǾȵصɴӡ
ʨױȵСţӣ㵱ǹʱ˸ţ
ҶһƲ죬˵³ͷƷȫбϣȰϵǸťȥӳȥŻᱬըأͦ㼤ʲô
ʨһۣڻûб˾䡰Сӡߵһߡ
ɷؿһҶ˵лˡ
һһ̰ĲӰɷѾټһϢ֮Զľ֮ͷŭľ֮
߰ɣɷṦǣһµ˻ǿ԰쵽ġߴٵ
÷ѩĵһԶɱȻλѩŮǸԵɷϵǳ
ҶЩ뵽λģǶλò˿ɣ
˦˦ԴЩĵ뷨ҶȰοİɣλ˵Ṧ˲һ˸˵õΣʱ̣顯Ҳܰæٺ٣Ҫǡ顯죬˵ȫްġ
÷ѩȻҶ˵Ļȷʵе鷳ɷһõ顱ġ
ǵùˮ
ôһȻһ˶ӷ
顱һţ
Ҳ٣ôΣɣ
ɷѸٱõһ顱ĪǾΣյҲѲĵز
÷ѩ˵γҪϷȥ
Ҷæס㣬ȥиã
ÿ÷ѩɫ˲䱬ĺȽϵҪ߳Ѿ˵ˮɱĵز
룬ɱҡҶŲӶžϡ
÷ѩâһӽ̡
ҿġ
Ҷ͵һ÷ѩյ𣬵δϷӰһǸ˫泤Ĺ˱ѵ÷ѩͷϣסȥ·
÷ѩǰ̣ʹ֮ǰԸҶһУѩٿȻ֣һ磬ŶԷȥޱ飬˫ӣͬ£ѩɵ类ɢѩһ˲飬¶÷ѩݣһȴѱ˻к󾱣ֱ˹ȥ
÷ѩֱӱԷ˦Ҷ˹ѽѽСˡ
Ҷæס÷ѩֱӿ˼ϡ
һһģͷʱʨױĴǰȵСţӣһܻȥٴҪȥɵˡ
һԵĹӺժһʵĻצһϣ͵СֵܿЩ߰ɣǾϰ˾ͻ
ҶЩȻ֣ص˵ͷ˵һҪŻǼŵ˱һ̣Ҳɡ
ʨһ㶣ŵ˵ͷ
ĴҪһսڸֵϣ֮ħű̫ˣ̾Ͳôˣȫ̽䶼ǲܡ
Ҷһҧִӻͳһ顱ݸ˹˵ŰɣؼʱܾһҲҪһ
Ծ˹һԵĿʨѾʼˡСӵж⣬Ūһңǡ
һǡ顯㵱ǼֵţԴҶл׳һɤӣŲȶԷ죬Ѹ˽ˮ֮زز
ѵõЦıһ㶵Ŀʨ˵һ˸ô㣬˵ģоͦˬ
ʨһ֣ЦСе˼ߣȰ
µ˫͵һȵ̫ʱ䶼ûܺúôһˣЩ˶ǣãǡޡɡ

Ҷ˵صխͨǰʮ֮󣬱һԲʮƽ׵СӣͨãûԵıƸо
ܶһַľʯȽϳֵǮֱӿɷשǮ˼ңһӶ־ʯ̳ɣȫͨװ޲ʹá
ǰߣ˴ֻϯĽһصȴţץǰʯ̨ϵһ֣ı飬һöߵû


079 ħŹ
ҶؿŻϯĽ꣬ʵأôûߣ
ϯĽһҶȻǿ÷ѩʧɫͳʵС㣬С㡭ѱСôˣ˵͹ץҶĲӡ
񾭲
ҶһŵŷϯĽ꣬Ȼ˵ûʲô£ֻιȥˡ
òиŮֱӴĻᣬҶҲ
ϯĽ걻Ҷһţ죬˳ˣ۵һ£һصĿˮȻҶһߵò塣
Ҷ÷ѩΣžһƣϯĽŵ˵סඣϱԺŵõɪɪǰպϣҿ
ϯĽͨ죬Ȼ˻ŭ˵˵Сʱ޸ˣ
Ҷٺһ֣˵ûţˡôţ֤
˵꿴һʯ̨ϵİ֣ƺӦǷصһĻأҲûȤһŭϯĽ꣬÷ѩһͷ˵صС
һ·ǼΪ˳ҶҲһֱûٴ顱ıըвɵһɣӦò̫ˡ
㼲ٱʮӣŵһߵĳڣһ̽ͷҶ㣬㱻ԶĻϵĺâһ
ҶСӣ
³ͨһۿҶæӹϵ÷ѩ
ףǡԳɵĺ°ɣ
³ͨһ飬֪˭µ֡
ԭǸֱ泤Ĺ˽Գȷ
ҶҴҽľһͣ˷ŻȻ
ʱҶҲܾȻ߻󣬶Ŷڣ³ͨһڣųطġ
³̧ͨͷҶһۣ˵Դ֪ѱ䣬ͨеصȫҿ˻ضˣֻ˼Ϊնɱ˴Ҫ͵͵ǱħŸ֡ʣµļΪصĵصҲ˲ãͷǵ˸ҴҶȥá
Ҷɵ޵³ʦĻȻ¡
ƨҡ
Ҷ֪ܵغٺһЦ˵ͷٸ㱨սһΣġ顯ɳ˴ͷţơ
³ͨԵһ֣ǻ˵һ٣˵ǴǸŮ˺ҪҶšҹ˼ʹȥˣҲţȥҿɣҪ֡ħſʼˡ
Ҷɫһ࣬¶֮ɫ
ħڹԵóѵʱ򣬸Ϊǿˡ
ħڱס˼ҵĸ֣ͬʱȻᰱǵжʵ
صĳòһֿ⡣
Ҷܴʱ򣬲Զǽϵĺɱ
һʼħŵĹΪҵʱ̡
ֵеĹսòʲôرĹеֻҪһӣʮ׸ߵĳǽħŵľӢӣ¾ֻܴЩͨķڲҪһ
ǽϺɱ죬ǽħŷѾʬҰپߵʬһء
³ͨĳǷе˾޴ãսһʼ䣬ħŷڳƬƬصС
ֱħɳֹͣЩֲҪֱӱԵϳͷޡƣӦȻס˼Էߣʮ߻ƻʣµļ߻Ѿħŷڲɾ޴вˡ
ħŵʵܵӰ죬󲿷ֵĸֶΧĸޡɷʨԳ
ʣǵӦңȻޡЩƣӦƻҵߣҲ˵˵ĿĻɱҵĸ֣һȫɱ⣬ǼҲ͵ˣЩҵĺڣǼұ㻹ȼĻᡣ
ޡʣµˣԹܣڳͷרħŵ֡
˵еħ޹ǰƣ
Ҷһо˷ܣκεĸо˳سϳͷʱվǽͷϣŭ
Ͷʯż
ȫ£ʱָܹսģ굱һˡ
ͷݵģȴһĸֿףƷǷͷƫǴһֻϺϣվûǽߣɤȴǼҲͦãһ۾ͿҶͷһɣҶʲôˣţãӰǴȱڶϡ
һָҶ˳һԭһǽѾħͻƣҸûħŶ࣬ʱѾ׽⣬ƣӦˡ
ȻѾħŵĸߣʱ֮£һǽͷѾħŸֹʮ֮࣬зڲͣԶǽ֮µħžӢҲ߾ۼ
Ǳħǽͷվס˽ţҷƱƣ߱ˡ
ˡ
Ҷڿն𣬽ͷһţٿȻ˳ȥ
ҶͻȻһӲϿͷŵǽȥ˿ϿͷƿڴҶͭǮһ·ȥͭǮӵƵ˻δǽʮħŷڽʮðѪԵڵء
ΨһˣлͷӣҶͭǮһһɡ
ѽǣħǡ֣
ҶٿȻ˷ûһöͭǮ֮󣬱˫Уӭͷһ̶ֱԷʺ
Է󺺺һúá
лͷʹʽ΢һҶĳƫƣ˳ǰУҪҶĻһΣ֤Ҷǿƶǵ³
ԷһٶȡǶȡȣȫǵһ͵ļơ
ҶһЦѶԷһеġħǡ֣Ҷ°ܽᱻԷһס
ҶƲ䣬ֳһ񣬵ֵס˶ԷƵĻͷ󵶣ٿշתбӴӴ߻ͬʱг˳һϣһŶͷ­˰ա
ҶЦУбɵת˫ֳһǰ죬³һ߶೤ӵתǰγһУͬһħŷڵȺУĲҽҶ˫֣ʳһƬѪꡣ
һУҶ÷ѩĽУ֮ǰġڤѡʽиģҲ˵Ǹֻ˵ͻ룬˵ǡպ«ư÷ѩӲԼڹγɵ磬Ҷ֪ڹ˷ֻתγɶɫĽз籩
һ㵹ǸǸڤѡġٹХ硿
С๦ҶһǶǵǡѩЧûܴﵽ֮⣬ɱһľ޴󣬶ǱʽɢĽѪ⣬һһѪȺͲ֮
Ҷһǰʮףһ·ϵħŷھԻΪ࣬ѪõǣǰλսʿȻվȣѪ֮ˤ˹غ«
Ҷ˫۲ƽ٣ӽһ˫ϵѪǽϡžһѪۡ
ͷǽͷϵʮħŷһ


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Ҷһ׳˫Ʒɣ׳վȣһ侱һһȴ
׳˫أѪ֮ʱҶ˫һյĵ˻ն

ʹ쵶ĺӳϵҶʮ彣ڵʮʱд󵶡һҶ˫ӲжϡԷĿ쵶ǺõȴҶʮ彣ͬһв۶ϵĵ
󺺺ȻȥҶ·ɳһţǺߵ÷ײϳķڣһҽŷ˳ǽ
ҶħžӢ֮ʱʬŸŵ棬ɢʯɵɵδɼжѸ졣
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Ҷ֮ǰչμ˲ġʺѪ׵Ҷɱһհ֮󣬽ڵһ㣬ŵӣʱصȺסߡ
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Ҷ˫һ죬²һһʮɥһӣߡ۶ϡ
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ҶЦŻµĳһӳݾпϣٴηһ߷ǰһݡ
㣬Ҷת֮䣬Ȼŷݣʮ׵ľڣеӾ٣һǽûһڿԹͷһΪԽĳǷȻѵõصõ˴Ϣ֮
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˵Ĵۣɱһ֣
־ԭΪɷһö顱ôΪΣʵϣö顱ʹãֻΪɷһرҪɱˣһʲôҹ̽㡱ɵı̬
Ṧ߾ҹ֮ʮ𣬼ɱȫǴиº󻹽˼ҿƶǣڳӤֶμ̡
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ҶҩƷ֮Ĳȱ٣ˡҽɱʼǡҩҲŪʮҩֻҪʱ䣬Ƴ⣬պȼü֮ҩʱõã͵ֱߵķܲԡ
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ˡ
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쾳׶Ѿˡ
ÿ˶ܳܵļޣҪٴν̫סҪ˳ܵļȴǱ֮·ڡޡУʨԳɷԹûļޣҪٴͻƾ磬֪Ҫ£öҩĴڣɽ¡ǰƽ˶ʮʱ䡣
Ԫʮ꣬ҩȻ󣬵ȴԳֵҩǲ̫ܳࡣΪҩвʼΪ̣ѻھ֮Уֱӽܹ̲޸ˣֱӰ֮ʱĳɹʡϼҩġ޼ɵֱͬնǡ޼ɵǺųȫʵļƷҩҲôϡ٣ֵҲ֮ˡ
ܽϵĵҩ뻳У˵Сֵĺҽˡס쵶˵˼Ŵӡ˾ͽﻻģ˵ǵһҿľ˵ľСֵܼȻ⵶׶ûжôȻֵȻǳһ飬պȻ𡣱īź򡪡
Ҷּּռ˱ˣֵ飬˵⣬պá


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˽̤ʵأǶǲװʲôβǡ
ͷӣԽԽҶĳԾˣ·ǰ֮ԼŮһ⡣
ҶҲϲгѵĸомҵĸо
ֻǡ΢һ㡭
ȻʧЦ
ѩ¡
Ҷûϵ
İɣϷǹˣôˣ˫۾ǲῴ˵ġ᰽һ̾˵ѩƫƫϲʲô÷ºСһ澳֡
΢ʲôǿԼƴӮˣ˵ȷ˲ţҲǳСȱذĻΪе˶նģǱĵģȱƽ͵̬ͬʱΪԼĳɹ־Լţκ˶ԼĶ֡
ԸСǼ
ĽĻɲȡЦСŮ䣬÷ºȻ̳ˣһغĽͷҵϷϷϢˣ÷ºǸ¡벻СӾȻԼսĽĽʲôˣѪ÷ºһУӦսСŮܴһʱ벻Ϸǰɱ˵Ϸ򡭡쳤̾쳣ˡ
ԭ÷ѩĸǵġ÷ºǸ˵ȫԵϡǰʮĹ°ͣ˳˵Ϊϧĸ֣÷ºٵȶʮ꣬ʵսµһʮǰ̫ˡ
ҲΪʲô˵̫̫Ըԭִ澳һ·ˣȷ׽ûӵܵݴȣҲȱӵܵͺͺء
ָ飬¾ķֱ˰ɡ
ǰѡ񺮡Ӧ÷ѩ׵һºʤѩǵ÷ºķôԭϲҲŴ
Ҷ˳̾ȴδ
ּҵļ£Ҷûʸۣ˼ҵŮ͸˵ĲǣȥĳңʱļᰣֻڷйҲΪܼصˣ̫˼ѹڵƣĿơ
ߵߣҶ֣̽ס˼ᰵţһ̽ӣüȫѺۣྡ飬һһغˣ벻㻹ܻҶ˾Ÿ룬סƣֹסڵĴѪֻȻָһЩĵҩ㶥Ҳܻңһǲ˽֣ȫҶķԸС
᰺ǺЦԶôҶǼһ˵üһģһҶ˵ʱ򣬻ֵ̾˵ͶеתѧҽĻߣĳɾͣһᳬλҽˡʱϷЦ˵˵ڿϼһﻹ˵ʵġ
ҶЦҽѧʱյأһ֮ҲӰӡҲˡҸϲҽ֮СǾһˣҽ֮Ǿ²ˣСɱһˣǳħȵҲ²һԾһɱͬûʲôֱ𡣡
᰾ȵؿ˿Ҷ̾ʱ㲻㣬Ҫ˵ȴһͷӵ̬ȡ㵽׾ʲô
ҶЦֻժʵľƺ«˶ԷղŵĻ⣬˵ͨľƶ岻ãȵưɣ壬ڵкô
Ŷ⵹ˡᰴ򿪺«죬һڣһغһʹ죬Ҷһۡ
ȣʣô«ˣȣ͵øһƹˡ
ش˸ãһڵ㣬ɻʵôģӦòͨĹƣĹЧҼӹʲô˰ɣԵþŨҼΪ󲹣֮󣬾ȻԪҲ˼֡ѵﻹҩĲɣ
ҶЦȷһζҩǻǵҩ߷Ũ
˾ǲʯѡӡ֦÷ƻʹƶɣѡˮϴˮƯ顢ˡա֭͡ϡˡĹװľͰسʼɣζɣ
ⵤҩǴ֮ҩк˾ˮԭζƵõ˼
ţҶ򵥵ذѡŻ¶衱һ͡
ᰵ˵ͷ˵⡮Ż¶衯ʥƷþֻϵ¶ˮҩǵ㾦֮ʣӣȴδйŪ֮⣬ȻҩЧǷȴڴռ
ҶȻ΢Цȴ
˵Ķԣ⡰Ż¶衱ȷ
ǴŻ¶衱ĻҩʦǸԸƧŹ֮ˣ⡰Ż¶衱ΪԼʹãûҪ񣬸ûҪڽռⵤҩѣȴҩļ۸񣬶Ǹ߶˲ƷϡٲΪ档
ⶫĲ֢ͷҽǾƷҩԳһ㣬㹻ʮˡ
Ҷִӻͳƿһƿеһɫҩ裬һʱϮˣʹ׹֮Уѷ
ǡŻ¶衯
Ҷһ᰷£ƿŻ¶衱ϣִͳһƿ浹һöҩ㼫صغɫҩ˵ǡһһǡǸŻ¶衯ֻƽʱΣʱ̣⡮Ǿҩ
һƿҩҶһƣ˼ᰡ
ˡ¹ǡ̵̱ҩ̽鰲ͨѾƶɡ⡰ʮѵãǽǲɼҩƶɣеɽ˲ΡܵѩѵãǰҲʮŶѡ


084 а취
ѵһƬТģҵڲûкڰѩи㡭
Ҷһ㶣ô֮ǰͻȻԼʱҲûоǿи֮ô
㵱Ȼֵиǣҽѩи㣬Ϊ֪ѩãȴ֪ͷΡǺǣ
ҶҲЦЦɫһأʵҶô˵ûʲô취
ȻС΢΢Ц˵еĽ𼶵ҩġ衯
Ҷһסн𼶵ĵҩ
ȻСһСԼҵϵȷھƣ̾Ϣ˵˵ꡮۡұһ«ֵҩ༸ƣһЧԲų֮Ϊ졯
ۡң
ͭ
챦֮һ
꽭ˮԼǸͭġʱ˶ΪֻǸӻ㶼ûġ
ھȻͬһˣ⡰ͭġϵĵͼǲġͭбҪоһˡ
ҩҶûô
ҪУ͸ϷˣõŰƳǸô
Ҷͷǡ
ͭǧǰʧ伣ԲϣǰдԡͭδǳըлͭȻ
һʱ֮䣬Ϊ֮񣬲Ϊڵ챦񹦾˵У񡱰ҡաҲʧ˵ġͭС
ûҵ˵еʥأƽ޹ʵضѵԼʱգҲҪô
ʵ̫ƮѲ⣬ĪҪϡϷùˣֻЩû̫ġȻҪңҪҷһˡ
ҶȻ񶨵鿴̫Ϊˡҵ˵ˡ
ô˵
Щڳͷ㣬Ϊβڿأ㿴µǲӦȥѰұҩȻգϸж֮£ҴʵĺôСӽĹô
᰹Ц˵СӸһΪģΪԼ̨Լǡ˼˼ڶеڰѩôиˡ
Ϊʲô
СӵĹֻеǽɵŮӣ޸ΪôҺѩˡ
ҶΪ֮ᡣ
һЦţһ߿˿еҩƿһֱȥ죬ɻʵ˼ҩͦġ˵ҪɶҩŻ᲻ҵ
ɶɶҶЩԺ
ǡɶһֱȻȦһֵָͱͱ
ҿ
ϲ
ҶЦã˵İɣס㡮Ϸ硯ˣһ㲻
ޡᰴͷഺѪáϷ硯㣬ӶʮһǹʵӲǹӲĹġ
˶ҪҪķʽǧ֣һǾͬģǾû˻ԼǷ治С
ҶһƲ졭
ôأ
ôء
ߺߣͱȱȡ
ȱȾͱȱȣ˭˭ҶѪӱֱӾ͸ͷî
ǣһһСĶվɽ±ϣӭɽ磬һʼӡ
һȴ򡪡
ˮɽǰС
Ƭ֮󡭡
ϵİ̾Сɷ
ˣˣûˡᰰ̾
Ҷļᰵļе˵ϣϣӭ绹ôԶ²Сˣֻϧôţ۹
᰼Ϊ˵ڣҪЩ꣬ߺߡ
Щô
ߣЩ꣬Щꡭ궥ʮɡͷһҧһţ˾Ĵʶ
ҶͷҲ̧ӵκʪЬTMDʪҵЬ˵ֱ߶򲻳ȥˣⴵ
ͨ죬ΨΨŵŵ˵⣬⡭ɽ̫Ӳ´Ǹݶ

һž˵ķϡ
÷ѩޣ˵ί
ֻһ˿۰ԼԼ˶Լ׸ɽƷ
ǸҶʲôõģ˼Һô㽫Լˡ
÷ѩжţȻǺӰԼҲû뵽ʵϻôһ£˼ҵҩӣͬŻ¡
÷ѩۡ
ɷߵ÷ѩ£ḧѩĺ󱳣۰֮顣
Сѩʧȥĸʱһֱ߳ɳģǸĸףչÿѵ÷ѩ£ֻмúɷŻ÷ѩ÷ѩҲֻߣŻõ˰ůչˡ
ϵһֱ÷ѩʮʱ͵ѹΪֹ
ʱգ÷ѩϸ׽ˣҲɷͼãУǴյʦҲûôĸ顣
÷ѩɷĻͷʱһҭţͣضɷ֪ʱѾ˸飬ٿȥˡ
ȻƬ֮÷ѩ̧ͷ滨òȴֱõ˷顣
ѽѽǵСѩҲôƯֲСʿ˷ģ˵ʲôҲ˻ء
÷ѩЦᴸɷļ򣬡ᰡ㣬˼ѾˣȡЦҡ÷ѩĨᣬ΢ҭ˵ô˵ŻǲͬģΪ˵õѾޣ书ϣһӱ˳𡭡㣬ңҺǸʿġ
ΪʲôɷЩʵСͦ˧İ书ʲ
ǶǼ󣬼Сĳֺڣ㣬ģֱǽ⣬УһǷԴÿҼ޲òڽŵ²ţ֪ѻӺζ㣬˵˵ĸŮ޸
ɷЩãգһ۾˵ʲô˼ôҾ˵ĲһأҶڴˣЩҲѪɣɷ뵽
÷ѩҧ촽˵˵ô㶼αװƭ˰
ָ췢ĵ쿪ۣͷ˵ĻһһǸ˵

ꡪ
һ
Ҷŵһӣðһ亹
˵ϼվøǸϽݰɡ
᰿˿죬˵ҪඣˣĵһҪˡ
пˣôඣСĲ٣
תУ㲻˵
ҽѧʶҽѧʶʱ򲻶ô㣿
ϻ˵̵ˣ˵£
ף
ʲôףΪҽǸ˭øԶ𣿰׳ա


085 ұ
͡
մʪӻ꣬治硣
ڱﲪĴ꣬ȴֻһѰĴѡ
С֮ڣҶͼᰣһһ٣Χһ̿һ˿֮
ɽ粻СЩʪġ
ᰱ˵ҵҲ֪֪ʲôʱ򡮸Զ͹ȥˡʹҲòǰһЩ㣬ѩмҡҵЩʾɣµĲ࣬ޡǲõģҼ֮ˣ˵ȾͲ˵ˣ˳ɢ֮¼ˡԣΪԼļбҪһô㲻Ҫң˲㣬㶥ǸС磬סҼ졭ҸѩҵĴ㸺ˡ
ҶһȴЩ΢΢ʧֲʵҵĴ˭
᰺ٺһЦǼҺôŷÿʱΪάȶԼ½еŷ֮䣬ٵЩݹϵ
ʱ˭ϵ
˲ܣһ϶֡
˭
ᰵһСƣϹüҵĴСӣұܡ
˭
ϼصشյҶǰ֣ʾ佫ȥȻޱص˵ܡ
Ҷһٴ۷ȥ񾭶ඡ
ϲû͡
׽ŪҶһ£ЩһЦɫһ࣬˵ӽҼһᶯԴһָ֮ˣڼȱľ֣ҲУҼڴ㣬޴󡣵ѣҴ֮ʣܴߵĲƲҲô࣬ڼҿŻʵļҵڸˣﲻæ뿴Ҫʲô
˲յҶԼʹѲ־ЩϣһϼڣԼűһ㶼
ҪѧжҪ٣ǡ͢ξġ鸮ôġ
һһ׵ľ͹ˣҪôиã
Ҷ˵ѧұԸ
ٳ
ŶʵһŹͼɲܽҵĽ룬Ҳʩչҵ¾ѧԱƵҶ˵ڶס˵˵
۾һУ΢Ц˵ױɣ
ǡ
³˵ױ顣ͬʱõҶ³ͨ˵ͣ¿˲𡣷İɣһȫɣѾü;¯ȫΪױ
Ҽҵ߻֮أĶûУϡŹֵĶռȫǿʯЩ⣬ʲôóһ顮񡯣㹻ױˣ˽صĿⷿǣҲʹõˡ³ͼ;ץʱΪƱһǵٶȣֻѾ˽ˡ
񡱣
ǺöҪõ⡰񡱼Ϊףǵһ﴿вܵõһﲻġ񡱣˵һЩӴ֮УҲżִȼߵġ񡱴ڣ䱾ǿȺͶϣ𡰺ֿ֮ʯҪǿһЩ
ҶʱϾһԡƳɵذףһЩǵýıǵƷˣһֱĲˣ벻һξȻõ֮Ϊġ񡱣֮ϲ
ңҡ⡭Ҷһʱ״Ρ
ϼһôõôڲŽȫΪԼƵıҪô
һμҶ˺Ｑӣ᰹Ц֪ʲôоô벻뿴һ
ҶæͷģҪõİߵĺһ
ãҴȥʶһҼҵı

ȸһѾµСﱵЩŭԼָס
ļᰣϼ޻ԼֺΧȻˡΪǣн¾֮ǰȻȥ
˰׸ߵɽ壬ĸȥҲǱֻû뵽ϼһ׼ϵĳ۾ȻлأԾ֮ٿձһĶһ·ɽ
ȸԼǸϷˣ˵Ϸһ㣬һӵĻ޴й
֮ǰԼȫһȭʱӦྡ飬Դ˰ɣ
ԣҵġᰱﻹҶǸ˵ڣҽЧϼëڴĿȻܴ
ȸ뵽иգشָף͵һӣеСﱵΪһâֱǰļƶϡ
ǡᰱһլԺȸڴϣƶڵء
ǰСﱵΪ׼ȷز˼ƶ۾ϣֻһ۾
ƶ¶˶СﱵһһΡ
ʬһ֣ὫϵСﱵٴεݵȸֱߣٴ˻ԭعá
ȸ£´ǰĻɫ˵˵һҹħǡȻʮˣôһ£
¸
ˣ㶼ѾһˣһԼɣҶȤ
ƶߣȫʬģȱУȫǽʬģġʬǴɾ磬˷ʬˣָò֮ʱħΪĹǵˡԲ硣
סЩҴӡħдĸٶνֻбʥ֮£ʥŲġЩħǡ㹦确ħгĸ֣ʥĹǸɣԼˣǲħŵĺһһô
ס
ţ׾ͺáʾƶȸٴϣʵΧôϢô
ƶһ۵ԽڶڣΧ˽֮ã˫ֲ£ĿǰսС
ҡһȺں֮ڣΧס˼塢ǧˣǿ֧ЩֵȫʲôôסҵʮǼޣٶĻ̲ôԼ͵ɢඡ
²һɽ˵սȸվԸҳһΣϼһûûǾͶЪţˡƱͺ¿Ǵ̹ʿ֮ȥ
ּ

Ҷżᰣɽ׵СŴһ·£˽׵ľ룬ǰңô֮ҵıȻĵ£ֲƽһǰĴ
һ·УֱһҶ֮Уֹ
ҶҶһѬǰľҶٿȻ𾪡
ߴϰסԲǧ׵ľ޴ҶУһߴʮ׵¯Уһҽӵð¯Χ˵УΧʯסҽʣȻмˮһĶҽܣ߰˸СһЩ¯ϰҵڳ䵱ֽɫͣؽžı


086 
᰿һĿɿڴҶΪ԰˵һҼٴĸ½˰ģ󡣵һʱġš޵ġ󡯣Դ˼ҡ
Ҽ仧ڴˣȻ³ͨڴ˴·һҶѰһػڣԵػΪ¯ٶȶΪǿɡ
Ҷ̾ʵɺδ
̾˿˵Ϲ֮塮ȡһҽãһ¶ľ󣬹ģ޴󣬿㣬ȼߣϼѵıԭϣǿ顮Ҳǵڴˡ
֮ʱȡ峤ͻȻȥε峤ҵȻ壬⽻ҲǶˣһ׼£û뵽ħŹˡտ峤ĹȥҲħжԭ򡣡
Ҷһһߵͷ
߽ұʱ³ͨһ˷ܵӭ˹
λãҶСӵױոմɳΣ֪ôΪױΪ񽣣ϼѪʮ㣬һһ顮ɰѰұ¯⴦ػ¶Ҳһš顯˵ǿ𣬷ŽڻĽ鵱УһΣδĽٱƷıˡ
˵ţӹһҫǳâСʯ鶪˹ҶӹһǡɰɫУ̺ǵĽɫǽɳһˡ
һΣҶɾĸмˣ૵˵⡰ɰ֮ʯδվľӲѺϽ𡣾ǿ֪統Ϊ̵ĽˣôһСţֵڰϣмУ򲻵
᰺ǺЦҼµıһֱⶫǲܳΪ֮;ҲǺô
Ҷжصл
һԵ³ͨקҶĸ첲˵¸Ƶı뷨֮ϣЩĶҪллϼˣҪرǿҪ;ȫΪƱ˵ڵĽߣʯҪʮµģпܻ
˵ţ³ͨ쵽¯һಲڶʹ򳤽ľ׳󺺸ǰ˵ҶСӣλǼ;ʦ
ҶæǰлǼ;ͷҲأȻôţĩ˲˵˾䣺㿪¡
³ͨҶæε˿
⣬;ɻʱô˵㣬ϼסҲҪƢҲͲᱻϳˡ
ǡ󡯵ʦ
ţ˵̫׵ͽܣΪһЩʦײ䣬㱻ϳˡ
ԭˡֲñôá
ոҶǼ;ʹıԼÿһζʹ򣬼;˶϶ðһǿ⣬ݺݵشڳĽϣһƬǻâ
ǡɰãˡɰıͬǳһĹâⲻÿһΪżǿǼ;ǰһĸְ赲âʱÿһ£âĽ֮ʣԭĸְѾâǧٿף·ŵĲǸְ壬ͷƬһ
³ͨһ࣬һųź񲼣ڷѳԼߵĶ̽ҶƵĽ鵱еӽֻԭԲͬǣԭĽϳˣָͨ˽⣬ལУһɭѪ˽⣬м䲿λƳԲΣһ̫ͼڶ̽롣
ף̺âһƥģ
³ͨŶ̽м̫ͼҶ͵ӽ㲻ջӴ̵ģ԰ôҾţƳ˶ǽģмλãǿʱץεģؼʱҲԵذʹáŰѶ̽ݸҶָŽ˵ҽԭĽӺ񣬽ȱխĽͬʱڴ̻Ӻ񽣼ͻĴ͸ѪۼӿһЩڰν
ҶϲĦŽСĽָһӡ
³ͨæСĵ㣬Ȼû⣬ɰɲ˵Цģиɵһ£ͷˡ
⼼Ĺ࣬˭û
ϸѽʲô֮û³ͨŪ˵
Ҷϸ۲죬δ֮бŶŹһŶԭŹ̺ڽ֮С
ֻһѶ̽۲죬Ҳֻͼͬ
Ѷ̽ˣͼȫͬ
ǡҶɻʵ
³ִͨԱóһӣ˵ء
ҶشһȻһϵһ޼ֻǸϸ֮ͬ䲻һĵطǻ಻ͬĽԲȦ淴ŹĶǲͬͼҶһ㿴ͼϵͼȫͬһͼӦһѶ̽
ѵǿƶ̽Ļ󣿡

³ͨ˳ִһֻһһѶ̽밸³ͨ³ͨס̽λã˷ܵؽ͵ҽǣߵķʽ뽣У뽣һ죬ȫһ壬ֱ˴ˡ֮ôҪΪ˿ƲͬĶ̽ƵģǣԶأͬγɲͬĿ꣬ԲȦĴֻԲȦĶ̽Ķ̽ʹﵽ㾫ϸӽҪ󣬷ֱƣһ˹ӽһɹһɳȥǸɳʲôֱ𡭡
רΪƵģҪ͸̩Ǹȫͬ㱾ᰵַȡԭƣĹܵǶ㱣ԭճλãϡǣĿƬˡ
Ҷϸһǻ󣬹ȻÿϣʽԲȦǿƵӽԭװλãߴǣƬٵʽ
ѵ³ҵġ١Ҳˣ
Ҷ˷ܵԼĻһһӴһҵĿƬ
Զˡһ
̶һ̶ֱڣڳ֮ˣɫΪ֮䣡
Ҷк쾳ļӵܣʱһƬһֻѪӿڣɫ
Ǽ³֣ͨҲǻ¶ɫ
˵ļᰣȴɫ䣬۵һһѪŵҶæ˹ȥ仳ͳ͸ͷһš
³ͨҪı飬ҶʵôԲͷӣҲ֪³ͨǶѡ١ˣװ޾ˡ⣬ʵڶԲסоΣ
һҡ˵û£û£ŻĶѪ¡


087 Һ
Ҷ֮£Ȼš١ˡνڳеļӵܣ˵ļٴѪһʱмΪΡ
³ͨż£ȻҶƿڴСţôô֪أġʹô
ҶһΣųų˵˭֪޾˸װˣֻ뿴ڲڶѡ
˵ʲô
ˣʲô󰭡᰸ؿڣ޵ǵһҶСáίʵмֵɼķɡ
ɼ
Ҷɻ
һԵ³ͨת˵ϼˣ÷̵ʦ
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᰿Ҷ֣صص˵ͷ
³ͨ͵һתץסҶļ֣ʵСӣġܴԶж󣿡

ڶ
ᰱͷ췭׿ͷݣ󡰶ޡˣҶ³ͨսǷֺͼҵһֱϵ׾죬վ
ħŷڣǧҡҪСǧˣ϶ħŴ˴ܹݵоȻǡϽ߶ħŸš
Ȼͬڳ͢沿ӣħŵǰȻ䱸롣ɶƱֺ֡͹±ռȫģ䱸ľݡ¥ȹǵı빤ߡЩеħŽƬƬƽ֮󣬷Žɵġ
ʱ̫϶մأӳñ˸˸ԣɱա
᰿űⱻƵƬլüͷһ壬ʵħռ˱еǵľأ
ǰһ˵ħ֮Щ˱㱻Ǿɱˡ
ᰰʹɫһţ˵ħˣԸǱɱԴƽҲӹȥūħŵ
ΪʲôǰɱˣԱٲãҲǵҶ侲ʵ
³ͨӿڴΪ˲¶вذɣҼ㵽˺ֻħҲûϵǻ翹˵ز
شҶʻ³ֳͨż˵ϼǷյļƻ
һ֣˵Ǹƻһɶһ˷ٳ־ûг䲻ЧˣֻܷҪͬʱΪͷɵʱ̽С
첻Ǹʱҽ죬Ǻǣɵ̽Ƿ񻹻ţȸ걻ܣǾҵƣһȷһŵʱǲȫǵġǼǵãһȳѪǲҪС֣ƽɫһȸгֵļٸװϲӡô
˻࿴һۣ㶼һãȻ
ôȳѪģ˼Ҫֻװϲʲô˼
ҶᡰޡһԭȸǸ֮˰ϼͷԳ׼ȷĦȸ仯ݵķ汾ӦûеЧɡֲõϼץסȸأԭᰶǸħ֮һԸ񣬾˵˽⡣
һ֪ģʧҡҡͷ˵ЩֱӣݸϷᣬװװӶôѾǸܡʨʵ۵վ㣬ԹԳ۶վǸҶСӣվСӹ˼࡭
ҶһֺǺǵ˹ֱվڼᰵߣȵطס˼ᰵĸ첲˵С߿
һƲ죬Сʿװ
Ψ޵ļˣԵͷҶ⡣
᰹Цһ˸߲ҵس˵ǿ˵С˼ɣСʲôʲôᣬʲôס
У֪˭Цǻƨôʲôġ
ȺӦǼҵֱϵᰵﱲ
ǶƨǽǶʧеϢģͼʦһˣֻ书еϢ˼ϣǲ㣬ϼʮӣʮӣϵ֧Աˣϼʹӣʮ
곯͢壬嶼ֱӱɱ׾쳬ˣֲڸصķּ֧ҲɱˡϼĶӡӣһ룬ھ󲿷ּӵܶɢڸأصΣʱӳ٣ʣµЩܶһ˲ţǲࡣ
мģõȥȱô
ʱô򵥵ļƲ߶Ｕ裬ǲ֪νҶˣֺͷʲôã
ϼͷԼҵʧȴҶôôϲСйȻѵζȻûӵ֡費ȣһй飬ϲϲᣬûֹı֣֮ӵܸԵ׽
Ҷֱ˵үݳϷСƣ
ðҶȻͬ⡣
ʱһ󻶺ȸԾ֮
˷۹ƣǧ˵ħŷڵУ˸ΰ̧һž޴ĴǰһȸУĸɴȵŮӷߣҡȣһ˴ȣһȸǰһѵȸУ·Ҵӵһңֻһаĸоȴô˻֮ȥ
˸׳ȸ̧˳ʮһſ㶼һݺݵر鿴ųͷļᰡ
Ϻǣɱڰ˵үôôأ
᰺ǺһЦ˵ûްдͽȥģʶˡȵ۲ɱ֣Ҿ͸ǴźȰӰ۸һ飬֮͸Ѧϻ˵Ǻ޲ң
Ҷޡһʾ⡣
֮ͻȻ̽ͷȥųʶǣ˷ֻܵźˡһ𣿺þò˰Һǰ
ڶ֣Ⱥ鼤ܣŭžҪɱ
Ҷһĺߡ
ϻ
TMDǷᣡ


088 系
һźóȺײȻŭ׷׺žҪǰɱ
ȸȴȻʧЦһ֣࣬ȸվһѣʮۣͭһ죬ӴʱȫȺٿȻһ̾һȸ
ܱüžΨȸ˿ɤӣʩʩȻ˵϶һеʱɣֻǲ֪ӹǣɻס
ᰲȻŭȸСı͵ϮҲǹ֣޳ܡ
ȸЦ϶һȭұʮֻ֮࣬ǵһģ֮ʮĳҪ
ޡ󱲡ȵʴȣȸа֮ȴ˱ȵ۵Ķ޲ֽ˺顭ȿȿȡ
ʹ̽ţȴͻȻˣȲֹҶͣظشƽĩǼڡۡһ³һѪ
ȺٿȻϲ
϶ˡ
ˣҿϣɱ
ȸǼѪɵпϲԸʴӱᰶǶ¡ȻʧܡмܣһνıԷȫûϵĵطһأʱǼƷ治缾ᰵη֮ġʱѪĵһӦһ˼Ƿթ
ϸ֮£ʱ󾪡
Ǽ᰹ȻϷڻ£ݣδ˱ϷֻһΧȺȸıֱ³
Ѫ֮˾Ȼ޹֮ɫһƽϲģżѵǲ֪϶˽ô
ԣǲǲ֪϶ƣǼ϶ȫпѹסơڳͷرԼϹ
ȸüϸƼСʿԼƹƺ͵۴ԼԼԷʱǵʿȻתͷһĨԵúͽɫȻεӡȸ
ǽŲΪ¶ĽţȫһɫǰżѿϿ˷֮顣
⡣
ȸĶͷϣʼðˡ
¥ϼ͵ִ󺰣ȸСɸϷһս
ȸһҧ˾
϶ҪԼƿңΪҿľôȸϣǼ᰺ԵСʿ¶׵ı飬ԽԼжȷģձԮ֮գ֮ʱˡ
ȸһ̧֣δ̧λȸأͬʱħͽҲˣһŵ֣㿴ңҿ㣬û˸ǰһ̽ʵմ˻ȥ
ħŷԶǼ᰺ҶŴһЩ
벻ȸڼϵġճǼơˡ
ʧһЦȻҵʵãαس˼ƲߡճǼơôģ¶ڡȸڣֻò˶þͻͨ˴ؼϵġ
һԵĿԴ󾪣ǵʱħ񲻻ǻֱӹǣ
ҡҡͷ˵ᡣȸҪӣ˵Լϵƭ˵ġȸ˵ԮֻģǴ׼ɡ
Ϊʲôģѵƭô
ᡣʱΧϵԽãױ¶ĴݸػҲħֵġȸõİ취ڻӦ֮ǰȹơᰱսپƫƫȥֻһܣǱǻмģԮʱ䷴Ƕ
Ҷɻʵǻ˭أ
˭һЦʱ䣬ǵص㣬ܵģȻ̹ЩĹεҰˡ

һգƽ˾
ħẉ̂ڳңڡ
ڣ⣬ɵжల£·ب֮ǰһ㡣
ԭм֮ħŹ֮ǵʳǲвӴڣסЩˣÿڳµҲ
⼸ʱ䣬ҶҲûš
ͥԺУͷϹ֦գҶĿϥϢֹĦڭ޹ָһ˵һ죬Ҷ׷ס
ҶʶǰÿһƬҶ״ٶȡ켣ʱأںδ֮С
һһܣһ¡һٽصľʯ͵ط𡣼ٵطɵҶһѿסһһƬҶ类ϸǣǰҶƲͣڿз衭
Ҷѧ˾ѧǰǡǡغ׹
غסǽӹѧŸȡľѧǰٿǿȻûǰͣעڶĿơ
غסҶΪԼһ׽׼Ŀ׹СĦڭ޹ϡһ֮һ֮ƺ߱ڻ¡
Ҷ۾ֱСԺ֮У˼ǧ
֪еĽңһˣһģ׷Ѱ£ѰԼ˵̽Ѱ
˵һԹ֮
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ǵһ
Ϊ棬ֻнĸһߣɱΪԼ׷Ŀꡣ
Ҳڱ˵У˵ʱԼɱɱ˵ķ׷ģǸ˾ߣٵģֻǽвԼȫ̵
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ǵ֪λʿ챻ϼҶУ֪ǡᰱĹͣҵ־˵¯¯ôĻ𣬺öҽӵصˣö˶ˣ̫ˣ̫ˡ
Ǽ;أҵĽأҶȵ
Ҳ֪Ҳ֪
ǸԱŵòĵӣ͵һˤڵأſڵϴ󺿡
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ӭһˣҶֵˣʹܡ
ڵĵصУԽԽأ·ص׵Ҷȼգ͵һһɫҶУ͵ֳһ߲ʵĻ档
ҶȻ
һϲҶд˳
ҵˣҵˣ系𡯣ɫġ系𡯡̫ףҵˡšϼصĶҼ;һƷĽڿ԰ڽˣҪ񽣣ҪһӶҲڽ¡


089 ߽
ǽ͵ļ
͵ĽǮһסĲֻӡ
һǲнͺһǲǮһԸıǵһС
һûнһûǮһ״ûףû˼һվġ
Ҷʱĸоͷ·Ǳ˳˼ſſֱ
ҽ緢ô
ҵĽô죿ǲǻˣ
עҶѪĽ飬϶һ޶ĽҶںǰľǻ۷뵽ƳѪᾧ
彣ο˵ӰѪڹ˵ġ߾罣ȡĻס߻Ĵ˵лġضټϸѧļϣһ𡭡¼ΨԼʹ׽ѵҪδ˼֮ǰʹ伣ô
ڴʱҶһЦ֮ĽкٴθҶ޵
Ȼϡ
һ߲ʵĹâԭȵͻȻֳһҶȴ֪ЩǼ¶ȴĴΪǰ߲ʹâ䵽ǽںͶڣԳǸ֮ʯڻļ󡭡
ôԶλãôߵ¶ȣҶ֮أ
Ҷٳ嵽Ҷ֮ڣȥǰľ󣬾ⱲӶ龰
һƬ𺣵УеĶȼգԶ˶¯Ż״ײѾȫڻˣʣµĲҲͨ죬߲ʵĻ浱бҽһ֡
Ȼϡ
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һƬѤ֮Уһ޴λҽϲͣţһ̣߰ѱֲͬĻ浱ĴմȾŸԲͬɫĻ棬Ȼû˻ٵֻȼţǸӰǱˣǼ;ʱؽеĳѱȡõУÿȡһѽᱻϵĻۻ٣;ʵĵطٴѰҵһУһεļȡһߵǽϵľ޴֮ϣôͣȴ֮󣬱ᱻٴβػ浱Уһѽٴαгʹ򡢲ء
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ҶҪȵҶУǼ;͵̧ͷһѾۻһףغҪ
ҶһζţѾǻ壬ٲοǿߣҲС
ҶȻǰУһֻȵסҶ³ͨʹϧ׳Ҷǰ
ҪֹҪȰ롣һԽ̫κһѱıΪȫұҲΪԼ

ȫҶˣֻһ˶ֻΪ̫ײԼƿصĶƿأ̫Ҫɱ˼;ȫңȴûɱֹһӵģң̫ˣѾȲˡ
ҶȻȥ;һȣѾʼȼˣڶȼա
ǿߵĻֵˣȴֵס𶾣׺߲𣬻߰ռ;˵ģǽ系𡱵Ķ
𶾿ʼ;ʼȼˡ

;ĵĿЦҶͷȴֵذʹ
Լ;ΪԼڴڼ;ΪԼΪԼ룬ΪԼĳ޴ױг̫ĶˣȻǿģǿı
ڣһ֣ɫĻ⣬ţϣһһ֣ǵ߲֮ʻ棬ٿһ£벻·ûгֹĻһ
;߰ѱӿзɽδʧ˽ԼƤãȻ˷ʡ
³ͨһͷ;ϣýһֻ۾ؿҶ˵Ӧңؽ˽㽫սʤеΪµһ
ҶĿᶨҴӦ
;˵ͷͻȻָһҶ󲿵Ѫܣ̵Ѫ߰ѱĽ֮ϣ˻
У߰ѱ㶼ǡһŷ˲һɲǻ˹

һ죬߰ѱ˵ϣ;ҵ˵ʮ⡭
ӦңĪҪǡ
;ϵĿʼϯȫ˱һ޴Ļ档
ӻУ;ĻƮ˹
ѽӿɷٻһе߲ʻеڳ޺ϣ¶죬עĴڱƽӹúʹɣԸ׽˵Ǹϣɱ¾
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ÿһѱʣӨ͸ͬˮĥɣĿ
߾Ŵ磬ͨƣ滹ɫĽģǱˮɵĽ͸Ľ飬˶֪׽ѾΪѵõļ̽ˡ
ǾĽĽ
³ͨҲɵһ̾
벻;ôˣĶû¡е˼󶼼׽ˡҶСӣϣԸΪµһ
ҶĬȻͷȴǼΪƽ
ǳΪµһ
ϻûһѽΪµģµģֻǵˣֻԼΪˡµһеĽпܳΪµһ
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һǵʱͻԶͷšַھ˵ޣ½Ӵӽϣûӳɵӽɱ󽵵͡
Ȼ㵽ˡ쾳ʱͻÿһ㻤ΧڴӽԶմȾȻõġ
Ҷ³ͨĸһһС
ˣЩ潣ɡȻһЦΪڴ
Ҷһͷ͵صˣӶ¥ֱԾУ˫ת͵һӣ߰ѱ͵شϵ𣬻Ϊһɫʺ磬ֱҶ
ҶһУлɫһԾҶУӽ׷
ҶοӽЩңĽ۵һֱӽĵ̫ͼӽٿȻɳͬʱϹ͵һǣȻҶڽӴǵͬʱ˹ȥӽ
侲
Ҷһ˫ۣӽĹϢĸҶԺ֮С
ӽٴηɹ֮ʱҶٿȻ˫ۣһǳЦϡ


090 
ӽҶҪ˲ͱҶʱȴٿȻֹͣظҶǰ
᰺³ͨͬʱһá
١ͣչҶõĿ
Ҷлƾһӽ͵ɢҶ߲󷨣Ҷе߰ѱϳһɼΪ˵ƣ֣ض鶯ǿ
һ׽Ȼܹغ鶯ּ˵ĸоΪһ壬ʵں
󣿡
᰼ʶ㣬߰ѱµһ׼Ϊ󷨣ֻⳣ˿ƶʽ٣δ˿б½ģֳ׿ĿֱǺš
ҶǨǨʩչѧʱ³ͨͼˣѾ𾪵˵ˡ
һˣ߰ѽһ׽ûѽȻʹ˲ͬĽ⻹һ˵ʵô߸ˣԣ𾪵ĲֹҶľֶΣ׽󣬱˼𾪡ʵԲֹ߸Ҷô򵥡
Ҷû˵ǣ߽󡿵󷨣߰ѽһͬʹõʱʵһʮˣʮĸҶһͬǰɱС
ʼ֮ʱƵԲתЩͰı仯΢ĽȻûסˣҶϤÿӽƵתʼ𽥼ӿ죬ƣҶ߷ŷƯ߶ɫơ
ҶӰɲӰɫʺ統У̤߲Ƶˣ۽С̬ƮףĿΪ֮ѣΪ֮о
ĻֹЩһ𣬾ĽƵУƮһѡ׹Ρ
оſףѨַͬᷢ˼ʱҶѨշûʹֻ̽ŸѨܷ죬סϤǵλãԱպԵʱʹá
һʱ֮䣬֮ڶ
ҶüΪ죬ˮ˵ıǴʱĸоɡ
ÿһӽԼͷָ´ͣسڸطһס߽˳
߽󡿣׽ڹΪҶСС๦ϰڹ֪׽֮ģ׽䷢ǿһ㲻ԭĲ
ңӽûҶ׽ԼӸı䣬øΪֱӣȥеλֱԽĹ켣Ϊˡ¾ŽġʤС׽ٶȶȻ˿δƷøʵ
Ҷס߽һ֮󣬾֣ӽǰڵϡ
á
³ͨȻֽкá
ᰴЦ˵һǴ۽磬벻ҪҶСӵĽ˾Ⱥֱ΢Ĵη塣ҵ³˵ƵʱϷʣ㵽ܲܿƵס˶ĳһϷӡãܺã̫ˡ
ҶһЦ𣬵һУӽУ΢΢Щ̾ϢǼãҲܿƵ÷㣬߱٣Я
³ͨһۣһЦ
ֱЦҶĪʵλǰΪηЦ
Цͷ͵飬³ͼ͸׼ˡ㿴
Ҷ˳żᰵָһԭԼ齣Ĺ³ͨһ޴ķϻԱߵϣľϻĳ࣬ͨϿ̾ϸĻƣ֮⻬̧֮أ֮ȻͨɳͭƳɣҲˡ
ⷽϻȻһͭ飬Ҷ˰ҲûκοԴ򿪵ĵطɵΪ֮󾽣ǡ
ΪҶľ̬ùЦ³ͨЦҡͷ߹Сǧϻ
³ͨڼƴһһͭϻ滨Ҵ򿪣¶ġ١ڡ١Ǹֻϸɡ۸λҶ֪Ȼ
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ѽññҶüЦͭϻͲˡ
벻ôͭϻԼĽϻͬʱҲԼϻ³ͨ̾Ϊֹ
³ͨһͼֽݸҶЦǧϻĻ;ڴˣԼûȥʶɡһΪ׼˶ʮƳɵļϻϰؽõģô࣬ͷϲɣ̸¡
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Ҷٺֱ֣֪ǵȻԼִһ
һ˵Χ̽Ϣ̹ĴڱҪ硯ңһǧ
ҶɵþĪ벻̹徹ȻɴɱߣֱӵĺȻ֡
ʮģһ֡͢ݵĶٴʱȡڻʸ͢ݰ˿֮ǰȫռ˿أȵؽĹҰĲС
Ҷһ𣬼ǶʦĴǷǳΣգ
ҡҡͷӵʦӥˣΧķѾʼȴˣƺбʵ˼ǰħŶûǲֲΧˣ˵ħҲԸΪƴɱ̫ʵϾ̹ĴެħʵصĻպ»ᱻڱƵġߣеļС˶ˣгݣܾû˺ԼҲãΪãʦ̰ʦء硯
ħš
ħǱΪ飬ȡ裬ֳɹʱ֮ΪҲһᷴĿɳΪһˣҲΪѣǧŲĵڴ֮ǰǻǻͨġ
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ҶȻԮǰź£üҵĺӳȥЩӣ塣
ԼֻǱЩҵɡ
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ҶľܾҪżеĿ⣬ܾĻȴôҲû˵ֻ֣صһͷӦ
Ϊ֮һɣЦһɷͲԹ˱ǵİȫǴɲصģĿȸ˳᰹ȡʦĴӭأȫ÷սĵ


091 ߾
ȸ˳᰹ȡӭʦʦڣ
ȸӦô
ҶûʳڣΪ˵ȸ˽⣬λᰣڶѡ
ʵҲȷʵ缾˵һ⼾дŽȸ֮λħš֮һȸ˳ˡ᰹ȡ֮ǰõƹãʦ˳ʦعȡ
Ҳѧ缾ᰲħŵĿĲռһƫƧأǵĿֻһǸɵᰣֻģ͢עǡȻĿġ
ħûɱᰵ£ȸûҪΪ˹¡ᰱʹħžشħ̹嵽֮󣬵һ¿¾һħŵĲ̹Ⱥ˵κһ˶ǲֵεġ
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һһɫâǰһĵն֦ͷϸ紺棬âĵ֦޼ΣҶһ֣Ⱦعϻڣһ֣ĵҶС
ʱһƬкù֮
Ҷܣʸ̩СӣɢʯϯĽ꣬ճмҵĸӣŮΧҶΧҶı֣Ե͡
ǰҶʶѣҵˣүӼҶʶģǼһеľӢˣҲүӽԼҪص㱣
˵ĹάҶȻһЦֱߵһʯϣСӵõһЦСֹ裬нҶκĶˣŰҲˣ±ɡ
һԵճȤǱùɣֻҪչС
˺ȻЦ
С࣬ҲΪҼүлҶүġ
˲ɵֵЦ䣬ɫĽݲüͷĻʸ̩ЦһʵҶֵĽʮ㣬߽赣÷ȴңƮ죬֪׽ʲôã
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Ҷһ⣬ĵ׽СȻϡ߰ѣԼǰʹõѧҲС߽󡿡һ֮Ħڭ޹غסС๦͡¾Ž񹦾ԼΪʿң翵ѧֵҲȡ
ͽС߾ɡ
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һ棬Ҳǻʸ̩õһ棬֮ۻʸ̩ΰ󣬼öټʸ̩Ĳѡ
ʸ̩˼ûظκˣںǰرԼԼúҡֿ
ҲΪˣʸ޵ļ᰷ûʸ̩ľٶ֮֮СԼ
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ҶԼͭϻɢʯ뿪СԺ
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˵˵ʲôûʸ̩˵ʲôºδ޷ݡ
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Сױ
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Сͷÿ˿һ⻬СĽСˡͿۣҫųüչļá
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Ůͬʱ˵һ㶣Ц
ˣΨľɫ
ڴʱһ
ᣬͬ¹һ˽


092 ܳ
Ʈ֮ʱ˶ʧˡ
㾡еԣҲҶв˼Ͱתǧ۵İԹ
ɣ֮ҶǰȻͬ˵ǰңɺȻѵ壬ôȫǷĳߣǽһǻŨתΪİ
ҶתԵȫκ֪ǻĵޣǽܵؼи˷θϣԵȥҲʹ̤㵽ƽɼֻ򲻸̤ڡ
÷ḻĴ̨һʻſذС¥ּĸҳ׷顣
úͻʸ̩һγڶʱʱ򣬵һμʱ򣬴ɵɵСʮȫڴǰһҪȢؼңʮʱΪ˶Цǿ޵ǰϸ߸ߵĴȥժ񵰣ʧ˺Ҫǿǡڸ㱻ʮʱԼϽɽһˣΪ汻Ϸͷƽµ磬¸ҳ֣ڴһȴͷû´µǵõȥ￴ʱű׵ϣ¶Цݡ
һĻ䣬һбԼ£Ȼ̵ͬĺˮһӿԼͷҲ²ס
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÷ѩĶУǶ˵֮£ﶼÿշ˻ǵͷме㺻֡
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ӼԽҪǣƫͼǵ̡
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Ѳһ㣬СԺΧ˵ÿǵþǻϡ
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뵣Ϸ衣
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ܸܲ˵ǡѩ񽣡вɣǸʲôжᡷĸ͸ˣƫƫҶֵ֧Ĳ̼ǵǸݵ÷ѩѩ裬ףɡѵСլԵߵҹ¡
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ڡ÷ѩǶǾе÷ѩһֳĻɡ
÷ѩɢʯϸϸһƷȴʧЦһ÷ѩ벻Ҷ־ȻˣȻˣΪβֱӽ÷ѩأ
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Ҷһۣ̾磬ҷĺʲôˡ

ħŷ˳С֮ʱȡ˹ȿڳŵĿȨߴĳţһʱħų֮ʱĸسеҲƻһɶ
ǧӵܣعĲǧˣҵʵҲָ֮ǰ۷״̬
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ɷͲԹλǿߴżҺ󱲶ʮӢʼ˳жΪߵҶˣҲʰװһվɽСɽϡ
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ٶ׸߶ȵ£ɷͲԹȥһǷṦһ鲻ѵĳѡ
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˸յҶߣͻȻҶһץס˲ӣһʱﲻѣͬʱе顱ƺôá
ļôҶЦʵ
һȻҡͷȻҶ˵ʲôֱϸеðĶƺʲôС
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һ䣬Ҷһק˾ͳȥ˶ʱŵƨһһѽҶקס
һ侲ƵĶɢʯڵһƿڴҿ÷ѩܾ㣬벻Ҳôһɣ
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˸ովĵط÷ѩͼŮʧˣһյӼˡ
һ˵ģŶˣǳԣ𾪣á


093 ҹɫԮ
Ҷ첲Ŷɢʯͻʸ̩Դһ·壬ֱ˵Ĳҽѱɽ˻ȥ˵Ӱ׹һٰʮף治ʮʱʸ̩ãɢʯѾ°ĭ²֪ˡ
Ҷȼסɢʯһĺ󱳡ǧϻϵĻ½ٶȵ֮ʱ½ٶѾëٶȿ϶ˡ
һֵĻʸ̩Ҷһɢʯֱ˵ϡ
ŵЩĿɿڴĲԹкҶһϵĻɽϵץ͵һʯ÷飬ֱұڣץ־󣬼Ϊʵ̣ǿԷʹõļһ
ǧϻڵתֱֺ죬һ㽫ȫսϻڣǧϻ⻬û˿ۼʾôĻء
֮󣬻ʸ̩·һַ±ڣһķθ۰۰Ż¸ͣɢʯ̱ڵϣֻҪһͣغߺţӻһһس鴤ûꡣ
˥Ҷ̧ͷۻڰУķ֮һûļҺ󱲣һԵĲԹ˵磬ȥܿ
ȥɣȥɣСĵħӡ
Թһݶ׳ӣҵͷһɫİߣֻ¶첿ϵıϸֳǺܲ棬͸һɹζ
ȴǺˣЩӡ
Ż²ֹĻʸ̩ڵϺߺߵĶɢʯҶͭϻҡҡֱ֣߽֮С

һ֣ҹɫֲָ
ѲߡĦڭ޹ҶֻҪ룬Ǳ۾Ҳظоͷϵÿһ֦ǽµÿһӶֻⷶΧֻʮԶѡ
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Ҷ֣ƽҰԵһŴϣ֦ڻϸ۲졣
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ЩӦþǸ̹ɡ
һǳɫƤǰС͹Ӹʣ촽񣬶ŹĸСԲñ¶ͷϸϴŹϥۣף䵶Բ涼źƤһģ
ÿһνЩ̹սʿţδñжϬȴǼΪˣһɼΪµӡ
󷽲ԶСɽϣվʮ̹󺺣׸Ϊͬڻ彫ĺۼףЩ̹ĸ߲㣬žӼףһ·ֱ죬ƸԴϵСԲҲŻǺͻվɽͷսָָ㣬ǳϡ
Ƕʮ˵·磬Բ󣬿ֿߡ˻ɻͣ˶ʧȥս
ȺΧߵУƺвɵ꣬Щ˸似ǿȴΪսһͬʱ˵ΧУһնڶԷľǰʩչܵһͿṦõģ룬ṦԲһģ緭Ⱥбࡣ
ĳȥӰҶ档ȫԼ˵ƽʱֻ֣п϶ֱߣƶѸ٣ṦԲԼ֮£ǸԵĸ֡
Ҷ۾һУа⣺˵ṦԿߣĸֻδֻ֣һԹսЩ˳֣ȡʤֻЩƺòǳԼһҲȡʤû֮˲ŻԵһᡣһ⣬ȻҲͻ¶вˡ
᧿Σ̹һвս׵ƣЩƶԲأսһʱҡ
ģڵӦӦóأǳ֣пܻᱩ¶Һ󱲵вأ˵׷ɱǲ֣Щͬһᱻ˼ԹۣսʱԹۣôˣһӶİΪԼħδ׷Ѱʱϰġ
һ߱ҶͲסˣպôأӾǲܼȡ
ҶʱϾȥЩߵݣԼΪλΣ֣͵һҪȥͻȻĦڭ޹ӦһϸӰٿȻ֮죬˷ָΪ˸еֲģǶԷȻûдһ˿һ΢磬κοûвеĿѾ赲Ǹ壬ûγһǵķ衣
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Ҷͻһ£óһ亹ͬʱҲһΪѾӦ˲Ǳˣɷ
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𶯣ҡɷ˵ɽׯˣһǷ쳣ǲӹ̽
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ȣȡҪɽׯʧ˿ľƣǱŽһǴɽׯǵɽׯȥ·ϵǱ졣Ҿǣɽׯǵ飬ʱԮҲ˵һЩ
ɷ˵ǳ֣ͲκһߡµӱˣȥԸĸ֣û죬һ̹һ˻ţǵٱ¶·ϾΣˡ
Ҷͷǡ
ԭɷסԼ˸Ϊеļƻ
ȳ֣Ǳ߶ˣֶԸЩӱ
һ䣬ɷһһ㣬һһ˷ȥ
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Ҷ˫ֱڱУ񹦾ת̹ʿ嵽ǰ˫ְдǣ
ҹɫ͵һǰ̹ʿٿȻһ·˼һ㣬ĵѣѪڣһȻʹ


094 
Ҷɫϼ֣谭Ⱥӹ·е̹սʿǱžĪɫһһ赲Ҷӹʮ̹սʿԣǱΧĻ֮ʱʮ˺͵Ѫ磬һͬɥ
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
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УҶɫϼҫش󣬷··һʣĿѣԡ
Ҷһ·ͥŲһߵߵȺ֮ǰֹϼٿһڻ߾ע£һáԶЦеСʿһףţٸСƹҶλͬ
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ҲСպĿԳΪҵĶҲ˵

ҶɷµһˣȻǡɽׯҴӵĻΤЦүӵͽĿһߴˬꡣɷҶԮ֣Ϊм˵дӵܵķȡ
ҵĺ󱲼һ롰ɽׯ֮һƬڰУ̹ʿʬ屻ٶּ򵥵
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ͨһܣҶ֪ò˵꾹Ȼǡʮ֮һʮһλġʥ޼ͽܡֲṦ˲ȻšṦһİ޼̵Ⱥȥ硢硢˵ˣ֮ͽ治
ʦṦʲô̶ȣҶѹΪĶʵ
Σ갢Դ°ָһǰߵɷ˵֡
죿Ҷо֮ɷٶѾԼļżˡ
갢Դ˵ͷ˵ʦ˵ɷδʮڣһȡΪṦһΪʵ̫ˣ˵طùĵرʹͨṦɾҲһȡ
ĵرʲôĵرҶֿԸıʵĶĸȤ
갢Դҡҡͷ˵ʲôʦҲֻ֪һܸоǹϢı
ҶæתͷʶɢʯʲôЧ
ɢʯ΢һ˵֪֣һǡؿ࡯ǡʯлӡڰϵġղݡ
ֽһһ͡
ؿࡱһʯ飬ɫ齬΢ɫֶһڵصܶֻ˼ĵطǧſγôһС룻
ʯлӡһھʯУʯͷʪٿʯῴܡͬһھʯУֶӦʱ£ǵһĶ̣ʯٷã
ղݡн棬ҶӣȡӷУһһߣٴֳһߣ߱Ӧֹͣڵϣ󷽳졣
֡ĵرǴ˵еĶˣ˼ɼ֮ϰṦֱ似
д˵֡ĵرˣڿУһշС
ʵȻڴˣֻҪɷڵõЧ֪Щˡ
ЩؾıѾѵһˣֻЩΣա˼Ĵ֮أżг֣ĵطģ¾ʮɽˡ
ɢʯᵽʮɽһ꣬ǰʮɽǻѰ̽ʥأȴΧʿѻ
ˣԴôģɢʯ⣬ʵ
㰡
Դǰ٩٩
ԭɽׯ̹춯ȴ֪佣ָηһ硰硱뼾ᰲ롰ᡱ̸˵ģû뵽ǰ̹ȷǲһ˶Ӻʮ̹֣һ·׷ɱˣűʷɷҶȡ
ΤЦ֧֯鵱У˱ġɽׯº͵֮⣬лƸ˺Щμӡᡱ֣ԴҲ֮һĿǼǿԴ˳Ҷɢʯѣû뵽֮ҵҶ
ֻεͬʱᣬϲ̫٣Ķࡣ
ʸ̩һֱɫʱʵʧ˿֮ʱ˽ɱ
˵Щ̹̿ͰɣˣǵĴɱ˵ʵǵӣɷ֣˳Щ˵һЩߡãɽׯɳɱһ̹Ĵ֮̿󣬱ûٴϮˡ


095 ű
ʲôȷһ˶Ӷɵˣ
̹ȷĽնǰĳŭţ̹硱ûطͱĪظɵһ˶ӣʵڵĶʱӪڻħŵʹߣѿ
֮ǰǶӡɽׯ𣿡𣬴ӺնһĿߴ˳ȴˡʯȻħǿߣʮޡ֮һĹ
Բܣ̹󽫺նᶨ˵Էʵҵľ˶ӣһǡ硯˽Ӧǡ
硯һֱʥŵļ֮£û뿪ɽһ
ն˫ĿһУ΢ŭȷ
ٺЦһתʱ׷ЩЩ࣬µĲᳬɽׯ͡硯ǽˡ硯˵ǴΧ֮£ҪٳˣԷȥɽׯԮ¾ͲðˣһʱɳԮ𡭡
նһͷҪ˵͵شһɴԲ۳ȵնһ˶ӣ㻹˵ʲôΪʲô׷ɱˣ
﷽ͷϴżһĻñżĻﶶȥ˵껰бۿԱߵĹһһߣǡ
ָյѵ⣬նһ˿ȻҵȻɣ뿰żҲȥһɱ׷
ɱһ˶Ӷ˸ɵˣôɱһ˶ӣǼһôǧˣѵʦ׷ɱǲɣ
Ŷ֮õΣնƺλĹƺʮַȰħŶԸ硱ȰƽɽׯƺһİͽǱΤЦͽܸɵˣ֮졣
ɣ뿰˵ҿֳˣǴӡᰱΧģһȥɽׯԮġ½ҰɣԻȥɱǡ
նװ󾪵ʦˣ˶Ǹ֣ʦǰȥΣգ
ˣɣ뿰ٿȻŭȵնһܡܿûõôίʵ񡪡
˼֣һ꣬׻ƻڡܵУܹоԺеֱΪܿ˵ľԺ֣ΪǿߣʵǷ
նæʩǸ󿰲ˡ޴⡣
ɣ뿰һתȥ
նһЦػļһ뿪ˣԼҲһЩ¡
бƳһԱ߱ĿһĹ򣬺ն⣺ЩΣյļһᣬװ²ؼӣʵһӵĻˮެڲȨȨ֮£棬̹Ĵެĸӹ䣬Ҳⲻѡվһţħãֻǲ֪Ҫ˭ֻҪõʲôôˡ
һԵĹ۾ش˸Ƿ˸˵ն򽫾æҲûطתҪ󡣽ģҪһҷ׼׵弫̣չ¡硯ѵõ鸻ء¸ˣ

ɫҶһ˻ڽŵǰš
˵ҹĸ·ʱڲ̫Ӱ죬ֻҪԵϢٴγ
ҹ·һһգһҹļУɽׯľѾ˲ķ֮һˡ֮оϢٶȸ·ô֮󵽴ɽׯ
һСϪıϣʮϯضǳŸǳûϢҹһսսʮˣ˲ˣɽׯһ롣
Щ̹ʱ򣬾롰硱ѾǳӽˣѡðٽĲԣǱΧסʧأҲȷѡ񣬵Ҫѡ񳷻ءɽׯĻ»תһʱ򣬾ͻᱻ˸ɱɾˡ
ҶӴͳƬ⸬ߵһ˳ԷɷԱߣհ⸬ݹȥû˵ɷ˵ǡؿ࡯ϲ㣬ˡ
ʲʲôҶһ𾪵ɫ
ɷתͷҶŲƿļСӣһߣɭȻ˵ǲڴҵ׳ʲôĵرôװɵ㶸ʲô
ղżСģ׷עѺɷ굽׷ʲôĵرҶԸ£ǰѯʣûڣ˴󾵡
Ҷһһĭ˳ôԶľ붼˵ˣ
Ҳ˳
ҶҧԼͷôǻ
˳ˡɷָָ󣬵ˣɷ۾ṦԹĶͱӡǼֵĶ
ҶȻͷͼǲԹЦߣҶͷȵشкְַߣؽ
˵ɹ˻TMDô˷ܣʲô
ɷͷһ⸬һЦ˵лл⸬ζټ
ҶľȻػת˵Ⱥʼնû˵һ仰˸򷢻ˡTMDѻ
δ߽ˣǰԴ͸Ƶش˹˷ܵʵôôǲǡղݡǲǰ
ҶԴһ·һΧеҶӻ͵ͳһֽž˻ʸ̩ǰTMDӮˡ
Үʸ̩С˷ܵ
˰갢ԴȻڵأͣشŵ档
ʸ̩ЦҶһֽһô˻˷˵ˣˣλѣҶѵĺ켶ʶܶĦڭǾѾˣڸöǵĶˣɢʯź켶ҩ굤ԴġPհҸʴ٣ҵĺģˡ
ɢʯһҡͷһߴӻͳһӣ򿪿һۣŨصҩɢ˾һˬ
Ȼöʸ̩ƵƷţȴ˹ȥŶɢʯһ֣Է۲ѵؽ˻ʸ̩
ˣԴˣԸķ䰡
ԴŭشӵһͶһ˵ʶôôǮۿЩʲôСү͵ʴף׼ⱦҶǹء
Ȼȴǲת˲֮䣬Դϱһ̵Сڹ̵ͷβPֽа£˵֮֮һڸء
˵ңûǴĻ⻹ʦӹ͵أȵ˺üǰ໨ɻƿ㽫黹͢ˡʸֺ̩Ǻǵ˵
ԴһƲ죬Իʸ̩޲ÿɷ
⼸СӣһСС֣ȻôĶעȻɫԱ߼͵עġɽׯĵӺͼҵӵܣһˣһ߻ȦȦͣӡ
Ҷһۣ䵹Ǳͨ͸ʲףҲǸʲôϡġһƲ죬˵ôСôô뻻ҵĺ켶̫С˰ɣ
ʲô
˾㶼һؿҶжǼȵıġ
߻ʸ̩ǻʶɢʯҽԴҶһϺö٣ʶͱȲЩдеĶǡ
㶼ʶӡԴŭ׾ʶӳ˵ⱦ㶼ʶѵ㶼û˵űӡô
ѽ¶ˣôô
űӣ
ҶľȻһҡͷû˵
Դһң˵񡯰Ұɣ
Ҷɫһ࣬ͷ
NˡѾաĸ֣ⷽΨһϵͭ
⡮Pǵꡮ񡯰ռ챦֮һ鱦о֣ԡ֮ӡΪ󣬲ʲͬͨ
֮ӣPǡΡѡ⥡ͼP侫ĴĥɣܱʶκεĶʶֻҪжĶȡһ㣬ĿУжзӦ
ҶʵʲôӦ
һԵĶɢʯִӻзһʣġݡˡPĿУһӴǡP۾˻ɫȻǶؽĸУˮе˻ɫһ㣬ȻڲγһŻɫֻͣɫPȻڲĻƹ⡭
̫ˣ̫ˡ
Ҷɴ˫ۣϸۿ
Դؼ˵˵⡮űӡĹЧҴ˵⡮űӡܾۼһܵõꡮ񡯰ҵһ׾ѧҲǽ𼶵ġʦ˾ţ֮ʱʮ꣬ѰپѰңʦ²⣬ʣµĶڡ֮ͭСҳֻôһҪ㽻ģû뵽ӻʶ
Ҷ˸ҪǸ͵һʾĳХԶĲԹѸٵش˳ȥͬʱȵϮ䱸


096 ׷
TMDǺʹ
˿̧ͷ֮ʱԶһƬźɫ˳塢ʮˣҸʮ㡢ͣȻȫǡԪĸ֡
һò͵ĴȳӭĲԹ˲䣬ˡһ˶һ󷢲۽һ޴ӡγɣԹһһȷɡ
Թӣһշ֮˼˫һŵأٿȻһ˶ߵɳ̶ԸٶȳŴ˹ȥ
ԹļͷڵϾ㶼˾޴ֽӡǣȻǽź󷭽Ǵ﹥ľȫתƵ˵ϣ似ʹʵ
ԹֻһٴǰʱһӰѾԾϮǸȴɷʩչṦǰͻϮ
ᡰסһһƻɷӰһӵٶȾɳ˶ԷĹٶȣһһץֱץ壬ֶβһĶݡ
˿öһûؼн˴ȡ
Ǹҹ̽㡱ɲôİɣTMDҡ
ԷĴϸ߳ɷͲԹؾ磬Ӧǡ쾳ĺڣǡ쾳ǰڵɷԼٶƣ˴һһ˴ĹԹԽˣŴȥ
ȺֳʮˣԹΧ֮һʱԹɱ
󣬽󡪡
ĿָšɽׯĵӺǲ˷Բ󣬶ҵӵҲС
ûеģҶһϹ׵֡
ǼСģǸǻ¡֮ܿһɣ뿰ʣµǡ岿´еĻƲʮС
Ŀ֪⼸˲ԼָӣȻƵ˵黳
Ҷ˰֣ʾ֪ŵ˵Ǹ缸ӭӭݰɣɢʯվ˵Ļɱ˵Ļ㿿ɱ˳֣ͷ㿴ʱ˳ɵ
ɢʯһЦ̬ţ˵İɣҽ֮ǰʵ岻ɱ٣̻Ѳסҡ
ɱ𰡡һԵİԴЦ˵˫մѪȵĻһġ
ʲôɢʯüʵ
һָԺҶӽأӡ಻ã
Ҳүɢʯʱŭ󾡻٣TMDǸƴ򣡡
˺ȻЦ
ˣʸ̩˵Сӣ£ϡ
˵꣬һ£ȳ˳ȥ
ʶȱ˭ɱ˶࣡Ѻһżҹ顭Դкų˳ȥβʿ桪ûǰҶƲȥ
ˡѺһö켶ҩɢʯҲǸˡξͲҶ˰
쵰ô
Ҷ󻺻ǰ·Щ֪Сʱذοһ䣬ҹ۵󡪡
С˾ͷγģذںƣһҸ嵨ڲ١
ԶһֳΧ˼ˣʣͷҲתǰ
ԷûѼ˷ﰡ
Ҷǰųʮȥ̬ݣУԷţҶȴǸûаǷ
䡪
ĿСʿҪ֣֪ʮ˱¹վŵģŵģϽס˶䣬һ˿һĶ
һ

ʮʱһ٣Ӳ¶ʹ֮ɫ
С֪˰ɡ
Ҷ𣬳ɱȥ
ǰʮͻȻһҶûϵ飬Ȼһʼ촽΢Ĭӡָ䣬ӡơ
Ҷһãνٴηһ졭
ʮ͵̧ͷۣͬʱһȣ
͵һ
ڿײλΪΣȻڿγۿɼĲƣ̼伷ѹҶϮⲢδ
ذˡ
ԣƣ̳ѹҶѸȴ
Ҷһֿܹ书һʱΪ˷ܣͬʱһıǧϻһ죬ϻڴ󿪣١еҶһѱڻֹסң˾һ֮ĸֱ뷢νһСɽתƣһʤһŶԷȥ
˫ԵڿײһۿɼĲƼѹÿռ䶼Ҫѿһ㣬ܵĿ˶ĵÿ˵Ķ߶Ǻ죬ƼΪˡ
ҶҲǵһؿʱֵ˾ͷٿȻһһĨ΢֣˵һ죬𵴾Ȼγһɾ磬ۿɼĲ𵴿
ֻԼԴ·ػһżԴ͸Ĥļ죬ԴһΣǰһȻأ˵ı۾ﶼʼѪ˲ˡ
СϪߵĲݵ֮ϣﻹߣ֮⣬˶ˡ
֮£ȻȱסĻһռ˱ˣԭ˵ιȥ֮⣬˵ȶ˵Ѫе֮⣬δĲʡ
ȥ
ҶӵԴëݵĶ˻еԺԴа⣺TMDû뵽һȻԺɲ׸˼Ҷƴˣ̫Σգ¶ëɲΡ
ܸʮġԡ൱ҪΪԡġԡνڹռЩˣۣҶҲô˺Ķ֡
ʱʮλܱҲҡԴ׷վҶٺһЦзݣСү潣
һĵ棬ҶƮȻٴλǰͬʱһǰĿǧϻ壬ȴδأٿոҶҶȲǰμȹ졭
һصȫԾŻҶ֮ʱˡ
ٿֹߵʺϼڻСʿ֣ӳöԷͬ·ȻƣҶ磬Ȼʮλܱ𲻸׳֡
ҶȻһЦ˵СƹҶλڴĸˡ
һɺȵҲ˻ܱǵĻǣһȣʮλ𣬾ȻҶǰ˵޺㣬ÿʮˣͬһǽҶǰڱȣƺȻһԷȻһּƣҶӡ
Ҷü¶Ȥɫа⣺ǡ
һ´ҶǰǽȻ飬ʮ˷ֳΣγǵصľȻҶ


097 ڴ
ܴγɵĺɫٿȻҶͷ䣬ڿеһƬĪ˵һ֣ҲԽѡ
ԷƾȻͨľޣΧ쵽˿У־֮ˣʱ޴ءӳǷϸоʮɵʹɣܾѶ
סҶ
ߵϼҶǰһҶǰһƹȡУƹһһ㼸͸ͬɫˮһĳĿѣ
ҶֳֻƾǰָɫӽΪģ⳯⣬ɽ
ʱϵµĴͬʱĽħơսȡᵶ桢ڰڷŸɫҶϵ£޿ײ롭
Ҷ¶Цһгзųߵϼ͵ըͬһ߲ɽ֣ҶȫУѡ
ɽ续
ʮһͬϼγɵɽ֮ϣǽγɵɽغͼ̳˵󣬱ײȻγ˵һйЧɽһһϼ߲ʵϼͬʱȺشбʱסϮϼ⣬ֳӽסһȴס
֮ڶ˱ͬʱ۶ϡ
ϼ֮£ҺУѪɫӿʱѪܹ
Ҷһ֮Ѿѹܴ𣬸ο⡾߽һչͬʮĸҶͬʱʮ˵ĻܴӮһʼѾע
Ҷϼڵ֮£ȣʱ֣ƹһһн׵е
ʮ˵Ļܴ˲ʮɥŵˣʮƴʣµҪôһãȻ֪£ҪôһȻ⡭
ҶѹԵƣѸȡսʮܴڳʼ֮ʱԵֵ֮ƱٿȻѳɡ
˺ȻųҶĳ׿֣˵
õɴ˫ۣᳶһԱ÷ѩ䣬˵ãδĺ˧ء
÷ѩΪ֮ᣬûáǸʿı־ȻһʱЩС
ԼȫУҲܹµзʮ˵ʵҪҶеؽȫȴ̼顣ġ̫ǾҪʮ֮ǳǺŻῪʼӰ˵壬Ե˵жӰ죬˷һȡƣʱԽãƾԽ
СʿTMDһס
ǰ
ۣͰ
ҺĳյԴ÷ѩᷳ˶㡣
׳ճʿװʲôᣬʲôߵʯͷˤһӡ
ʼ÷ѩһֱػڼ˵ߣûʵӭУԸĿָӡڼõԣܵ˺ļˣӴֵ顣
ոձСʿ𵹣Ļʸ̩}ƻʸҴġ͵ľ֮£ܴҽУعǾ飬˦ֶɣʬֱײΧɢʯͰԴĴУ˵ʱһ͵ңǶϽۡ
ҿС⡪Դɶ𣬶ܿ˵ĻܱһӣâȺ˵壬Էһҽеʱˡ
һߵĶɢʯҲһܹײĴٶһ߳ʧȥƽĵһһԷʹϢûʣƲתӡ
ɢʯ̾ϢһҲ׷ϣһĻʸ̩ͰԴȴһ˽һ֮ڣ㽫ˡ
ɱĸԴ˷ܵغ
ʸ̩һ죬˵㿴Ǳ߰ɣ治֪˷ܸʲô
ԴٿȻͷȻŴͣ˵
ԶҶһƬɫϼ֮к֣ĽһƬʬʣʮҲѼٶȵ㡣
̶̵˲䣬żѣʮҵʱڣҶ͸ɵʮܴٶƽһһνɱˡ
תӣϵĿ־ģһһϣϼ⴩ض̶תɱУֱܳߡ˲ԶڲҽбֳһĨѪ⣬ʬȻأĲʺͲŵı顣
Դžһºϣᶨ˵ɱ˵ٶȣķڻ㲻ġ˵ˡ
ɲôСʿɷǣħɷǣ
˻ͷޡ֮һĲԹʮܴʬսҲɽ
Ҷߵ̬ԹȻûеһʱȥԮɷƨƨߵܹ֣Ըߵëչ¶š
һŭĿ𣬲Զɷסɣ뿰ڷߵĲ״ԼܹѹԷǿȻһСʿĹֶǰǼûԸΪɣ뿰ŭ쳣˫һһָͬʢͣ任ӡվһ͵һðȻűľͻϮǰɷɣŽۣɫĻȻͬһϡ
ռӡ֮һ
䣬âʤ졣
ɣ뿰ϵĹâһ˲䳬̫ͻ֮ͬ·ٿȻ̨ףѾǰ벽ʵˡ
ǿ˲ȫ˵ע⣬ĿĽ˲̱ӡ
ۡ﷢ˣԴϷԸ񲻸ģȴ˵
ɣ뿰ʦ⣬ܼӳ֣ɷƥӿ۳ɢľʹΧռ˺
ɣ뿰ĿӣָٴβһӡǰγɣͬʱһӾ֮⴫ᣬˣޡ
ÿһģռ䶼һβɣ뿰Ľת䣬ÿһԣһڹ⸡֣ͬʱռͬһ㣬¶ݡ
һ¾ӿٿȻɣ뿰ͷϴŵĻɫεİϼñѲ֪ȥȫ£⣬ȫɫȼգüĿ˫ĿһͨѪǻڵġ
˫Ŀ͵һɣעӵҶʱͷһ𣬻ܿƵսԷȻ˲ѵĸо
ڲΣͷ֮ȥ
ٿȻ亹ð
˵ѵɣ
һĨаЦ֣ʹ䡿ɣ뿰۳ΣĿҶٿȻɫâҫٶȲþ죬ۻ˿ձ֮ɻ¡¡죬Ҷƾģǡʮֵ˴˴ʵܹѹ֣ϣȴγ˺˵
ĸҶһʱһֿĩյĸо
ٴοסһö顱ȴеû˵һθеҲֹ˶ԷĹƬ̡


098 Ǿۻ
ɷṦٶʵ˺ȻҲΪʲôɣ뿰Ըһ쾳СӣȴҪʵ벽ԭ
Ϊǲˣɣ뿰ľȫܰɷľҪɵҶΪȥĴǱˡ
Щ𲻵Լĸ֣Լĵϵ͵ǻڴӵȶȨ֤⣬ȥԼλҲͷˡ
ڼʹȫҲƽϢɣ뿰ŭ
κ˶ֹǸСʿ
ֻһɲǣɣ뿰Ҷ֮ľƽ֮һٶȱ֮ǰࡣ
ɣ뿰ޱߵƣҶľ羹һԵĻʸ̩˴˹غ«ǱֵĲԹҲ˫ǰ׹Э⡣
ɣ뿰ĽƣһԵɷҲƵƵֻ֣ǳΣԷӿɣͽ޹˲ˣ˫صضɣ뿰һʱ޼ƿʩ֮£ӻͳһ޹⡢·׹һļ׶ָɣ뿰ۣͬʱľһʼۡ
ʱעߵĲԹµ˫¶Ȼ֮ɫˣҲˡһקԱߵļСȵĿԱǷ˱ܣϾϾܰ
ԹĻ䣬ǱߵɷȻ˫ۣ˫Ŀоһţһȫ
ң
ǧơ
˾ĿУɷӰȻԭʧʱɣ뿰Ȼɹ֮һľ룬СʿѪɫɼ
ɣ뿰ƺѾ˶ԷҺҲ³һЦݸոðȴٿȻ̣һΣתͷʱ֣λõ˳һ澹Ȼһ˿ϸСơ
С֤ԷĹͻ˻ֱõϵףвĹ
ֱʱײźȻȫ
ʲôˣ
ɣ뿰ȻĹˡ
ۼʴӰһڸ˲䣬һǳϸɣ뿰Ҳ֪ԼһС
ǸṦŮӣ
ɣ뿰˲ʱ
ģԷĹơռӡγɵУԼС䡿ӳ̶֣̳ֻҪǡ龳ľ֣޷Լ˺
ȻԷĹᣬһʱҲԼûа취
ɣ뿰ɷĹԶҶ

ɣ뿰ͷһǣֻڱ棬ûܵκε˺
ĹֹҲɣ
ɣ뿰Цżǰ塣
ţɣ뿰Цˡ
˵ɷٶѾڿγһ̲ӰԼļ٣ƥħɣ뿰̻ͣٶȵԽԽ죬еĲӰҲڼٵš
һʮʮϰٵ
Ӱͣسɫħڿбһɫ̻
˫ഥ֮ʱĳײҲŲӰԽԽ죬ͬ춹һ죬ܵһƬ˵Ķֻʣ¡¡ͬһ죬޾
һιֻµѺۣǧٴεײ֮ǵѺ۱飬Ѻۿʼһ𣬿ʼ󣬿ʼӡ
ɣ뿰ɫʼɫڣѾǶԷܹܲԼ׵ˣǺʱṥơ
ǶԷȻֶΣΪһʼóԸԼأ
ɣ뿰ԷĹܿ죬ٶҪﵽ̳ĵزȴһ㻺ĽԷʼĹǿֻŹٶȵŻӡ
ǶԷһʼôԸԼλأ
ԷʼٶȺ͹ͻԼĻԲܵ˺ԼȻԿٵز¡ռӡ乥⣬˵ĹʹЧԼκβöԷҪȥԷҲסġ
ɣ뿰ӰȻڼᶨƵҶɷӰѾΪΧһɫ̳
ɷĹڼɣ뿰ĳǰУ˫ȡʱ䡣
ɲǱ
ɣ뿰ȡҶɣ뿰顭
ʱÿһ̣ǽʮӵʱ䡭
Ϊȡ̬ƣҶ׵İ취ǿٺˣɣ뿰֮ľ룬ɷЧʱӳֻȡƬ̵ʱ䣬Ҳɷɣ뿰ĳɹʡ
˶ôģҲôΪġ
ҶֻǼȻվ
ܰԴ̲סŭ
ȴɣ뿰ƿɷײûûһ˿һĲ
˵Ķɤۣٶȿɷ޷ɣ뿰Ҷ֮ǰͽƵġ
ѵǸСʿҪ˶ɥɣ
һס͡
ȴ÷ѩм˲һĲˡ
Ҫô
ô
ǸˣҪ˶ô
Ҹʲô
÷ѩٿȻסͻȻһֳ嶯Ҫȥ
ġ񺮡γһʱǸ˶ˡ
Ҷɫɷףľ硣
ԴУһ
Ҷֻƾббָʣɫӽһ䣬Ҷгɫ籱ȴǻ߽Ϊ󡿣žۣÿɫӽջصƾĶˣӽĴ̫ͼӽתһƬϼ⡭
ÿӽ˽϶ˣҶһ㣬ӽʱâʢ޴תз¡¡ķ
ӽҶΣɫøӲ԰ףȫ⣬Ϊ֮һաɫӽۣγһתĲɫ֣Ҷƾȫٴһ㡭
䡪
ϵ߲ϼһۣ˰ɫĻ棬֮Ȼܴնһֱ޹Ĵ
󡿵һСǾۻ᡿
һǴӡǿɱУÿһʹɽ˵ľһ㡣
ҶȻšС๦͡ڤ񹦡ṩӴһֱԼʹȫҲֻһ˵ֻͬƳʼ޷һ˵ʵڣҶ߰ѱÿѱǸһ˵߽ͬ˲߸Ҷֻһ˲䣬ϵ䣬ʱ䡣
ɡ󡿱̺ƣҶȻڴ˿̻˻ʵǽϵĻ棬֮𣬽ϵӴѾһġ쾳ڵȫһѾӽʵ
һеˣһͬʱɴ˫ۣ׵ؿһС
ʱɣ뿰ΣҶѾʮˡ
ꡪ
һ죬ɣ뿰һСƬ׹ڿУΪâʧ

ʮ׵ʱɣ뿰ؼ׵ڻ۵һȫļ󡭡
ˡ
ʮ׵ʱɣ뿰˫ּľǣָۣƣһ˶Ľսħ۳ΣҶٿȻ

׵ʱɷ֣е׹ӭŽħȫһ
ͬһʱ̣ҶֵĻƾһϵĽ֣һĨٿȻǰɳ˲ɣ뿰ǰء


099 
Ǿۻ᡿֮ա
˵ĺһֹͣ˵Ŀⶼһӡ
һỊ̃ػɣ뿰Ѻ۵ؼϣת
죬Ŀѣİ׹ŷ

׹սħƵײ̳ɷٴԳΣݵĽӴ˲ɣðŽɫĻ棬һɳʮ⣬׹СϪС

ķ֮Ľսħƣٴǰֱһѻƾ󱬷ɷ֮ҶҲǱеİһ͵ط˳ȥ
ɣ׹ʢ
ǡ

ٿȻ֮䣬׹֮µڷֱؼѣɢڿУΪâ̶ΪС
ɣ뿰ǰ۵İ׹ͻȻʧһʱЩĻš
ôˣȥˣ
̶֮ģǰͱһ⣬ʹסҲܸек룬͵һȴһͣ·ˮǺסһɣ뿰͵һȣȴǻһ£³һѪ
еһɲǴǰͱλʧɣ뿰£صͷһ
Լǰһ޴˿ڣͬ޸͸һľ޴˿ڣɼһܿ˿ֱĿն
ԷĽ֣ȻǽԼȫ˸Դ
ɣ뿰ʱ򣬾ȻҪЦ
ǺЦԼȻΪһЩδֱǰЩûм֮ɱԼ׷ʲôأ
Ǹ˵Ṧøߣʲô֣
ǸСӽܺãʲô֣
ɣ뿰ô˫ۣϵЦеʣȥ
ɣ뿰ܡ֮ܿһʧ˿һУ䡣
֪ɱԼˣǺηʥǽеʲô֡

Ҷɷ֦Ƴɵϣ۵Сۣ˭Ҳ˵
ǽɫĻ澹һ湦ʲôЧûУ޷ϨؽϽյһ˿ʣ˵ĵγһ֣ô޼¡
ӣô۵ڵ֮ڣȲ˺壬Ҳƻ˸ոһǰȫ˸һɶʣ
˵ˣû䣬ʵʵķˣֻܱô̧š
𡿣⵽ǸɶأTMD֡
ϵٴҶܴȫԵ֪
ҶҰİɣڹЯһ־һǸʮ֮ʧˣúܡͨ飬Ŀȷ˶ڵĻ֣ڵġ𡿣ɵõһ
ûʲôվѣһʱ䣬Ȼʧġ
ɶʮ죿ʮ㱣ҰҶһŲĿ
˶ҶĲ׷ײĿ÷ѩǰһûòûʡ
ĿЦ˿Ϊ裬˵ҶģĳȻţҲҶֵģҴ˴롮ɽׯѽò˶ñ㵽ɽׯˣʱɽׯҶȻõİȫ⡣
У̡
Ҷͷ£ˡ
÷ѩٴһƲ죬¶м֮ɫ
һԵļʼնõı飬ȻȥԶҶƺעһһʲôʱʼأ
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תͷҪǸСʿʲôر˵ĵطȴڻͷ֮ʱһֱԼĻʸ̩˻ͷشк
øæתԴһ񺮡
һ䣺˶񾭲
ȴ÷ѩĲĿ⡣

ƺɣ뿰еĻڴ֮ļʱڣȫûκεĵˣʧ˿жţëСҲټ
ڵʱһɽׯѲһ·ţһ·ƽؽˡɽׯΧ
һƬᰵľɫ֮£Զһųǳ˵УǾĽǡ
ʧ˿ɱϣΪʯ֡˫ꡢɽʯϹأ˰˿ֻߡ轭ڻ֮УһɻĽΪĵġɽׯ
ɽׯλĽǵϲɽ
ɽɰأա
ɽׯ˵ɽׯڵĹģɽǡΪ˷ɽׯѾĽΪһ塣
Ľǣһ·ϣĽǣֱɽׯ
һգ΢ʵ˿ؾһ硣
ֵĽѵõһ˿
ҶһУųĻʸ̩һüŪۣü˲ϳһ١
·һׯ԰ʱĿġׯ԰һǡɽׯĵӣ˵Ӧ
ɫ꣬ԱҶɷεĴ֮꣬ҶɷһԱһϣҵŮ컹һ
ϧûܺ÷ѩһҶϺôͬʱ΢΢һЩСź
ԴҶһȻ˹ɷɵЦһʵô˹Чô
ɷƤһҲֻǵ˵һЩڵġһ˿ǰһʱָɡ
ҡ
õЧ
ڰȫˣΪβ˯һֱӾ͹ȥˡ
ȻĻҶȻ˵
ҶҲǸţáŋ翸󡱲ͣؽ䡾𡿵ӣ鿴ĹɣܲܽԼٴλһ񹦾
ܱ˵⼸Ĺŋ翸󡱻еóһЩõĶ𡿵ĽһֱͣתʱѾɣһڵʱ䣬ܹȫŹ칦ˡʱҪ֣Ҳ׾ˡ
š𡿻Ź湦Ȼֻվ˵ȫ˺壬ⲻġ󷨡ô
͸Ц
ֹȲˣҲ˼öȻڵһʧȴ硾󷨡Ū˾ϣһſභеĺüˡ
֮භ⡾𡿵һȻģһֻҪƬ̣ȡʤˣ񲻿ա
Źպֶһ湦ˡ
ôõǰҶôˡ
ͬһɷǸƹӣֻ֪һҶʱضŪһ³Ļʸ̩ˣһ˭ĳˣܵ÷ѩǸϵɪ
TMDɫѣһĿŵҵδţ
Ǽҵš
ʸ̩ˣڶԼԭδޣ;Сӿ
ȤȵشӳۿҶ͵ϸ굱пһһʶְѴһƣԴ̽ȥ˰ɻʵյģӣTMD
ˮܵʪ͸֣Ʊ͵̧ͷһһļ飬ſǻСɤŴ˳Сʦ壬ҿҵ˼ˡ


100 
ڴ·ʦֶ֣Ʊ룬Ҷû뵽顣
һɻҶ֣Ʊ뱯ݵرԹ˼ʦдôôʦǸϵһãתϾɾڲˣʦʦҲˣʦ˼Ҳˡ
ʦҲɽˣҶһ¶һ˹ı顣
̫˼ˣ
ǸլоȻҲɽˣ
Լʶ𣬾ûšҶʱ룬᲻ʦ˼ųǱ߿Ķ֪
һΣʦȻΪʧ˿£ʵҲΪضͥ£Ȼʮһɽ
ֱĵĴţ
ʦʲôʱ򵽵ģģ
ǵգʦ˼ҵˣڳϵġϵꡯ롮ɽׯȽϽ㷽㡭һֵ㣬ǡɽׯҲһ쵽ʸĻأšɽׯſڶҹ˶ˣҲ㡣Сʦ壬㿴ģһţɳԴˡ
ˣˣ֪࡭ǲϴθʮ֡ޱûֵ㣬еίİɣͷСʦ͸ԱʦĹס
ϣСʦ壬ʥУȻȥš
֣Ʊ˷ܵ͵ش˳ȥ֮ٿȻԽǰͷһżһǽһ㣬ɵ˷ܣһ·̵ûӰ
٣Сӣ㹦ģҲʵǸԸôһɳåء
Ҷ֪ʦ˵ĽǣɵñüΪ˷ܣȻҲ³ȥԼʵãûҲûʹṦ·Ҳñ϶١
ȵǰаɡ
ЦеҶһͷȴһֱĿɷһضԼôҸʲô
Ŷ档ɷƽػشһҲΪԼ˼ҿʲô˼
ʲô
浽ʲôĵطʲôʦôͽܡ
Ҷһˣͽôˣ
ֹҰɣͦ˶ܺء
ʲôҶ֮£ƿһ۽мһǡɽׯĵӣһ͵͵˵һ߶ָֻţжҫ˷ܵذ֮ɫ
ǲԶǼѣҲаŮǰѯʵļơ
ӡҶ֮£ѧ˾ʨĿͷѵүʲôϡأƷͷģ˲ˬһתƺ뵽ʲôƵأ˷ܵɷ˵˵㲻żأ˵᲻ʲôСŮ͵͵ϲңǼѩҪ֪ˣ᲻Դװ
ɷؿҶɫǳ϶˵ʲô֪һҿԿ϶ĸ㣬˸ѩһоˡ
ʲô
ĺ߼ţ

ҶͣˡϵꡱſڵʱΧѾȺ
ҵһ˺һ·еġɽׯĵǣȫΧ˿ջſڣȫ²ضż³Ҷһʱسջڿӣ˫۾Ҳſڵʮʿȥ
˵ҲóЩʿС˧ҶͬţϵĵʽС˧һģһ
ЩΧ۵ûһתɽׯģȫ඼кÿֵëֻʮ˵Χۣ·ϱͲȺ˹Ƭ̣ѾϰΧˣضס·
ҶĳҲȷӡ
ڼǰ߾ĸһӮһòʣԺΪָɵһڵĸ֣ﶼֵҫʱ
һɲǣӮ˵ʱڳ֮˵Ľ𾴡
имҵŮǱҶ˷˿
ƿһ̣ΪҶߵ׽ˣȻᵡǰ৵һ£еֽɡסϸϸ˿
ҶгһصһɲǣȺеǼŮ˷ܲѣЩҵӵܺ͡ɽׯĵǾ㶼Ȳʣ׷׹ơ
ͬһʱ̣ڿջſڵʮƹӣһͬȵӭСʦ塪
ƣʱȫɧԸӡ
̫TMDˡ
ҶС䶼쿪ϡ
ȵϺ̲ǿˡ
һʮӣ϶ʮͷˣƳ硢桢½ƶ֣Ʊȵȣ½ĵлưǸʹ˫ĳӹСɣڸΪƷɵСˡ
һΣʦǰһģ˳
ҵĹͽкҶӭļλʦֻΪ񣬹صλʦ֡ʦ㡭
һΣǰģǴʦ½񡢶ʦҵˡʦʦʯ
һɵ˸ɲ½ϣĿҵ̬УòӢˬʯĿ࣬ƺۡ
Щڿջſڵĵʿÿ˵жͬ뷨һͬţһʦ̳˲һͽܣƫƫÿֶôˣƹһţԶԵĲݺӡ
ʦУҵ˸ҶҪãؼ񣬲ɵЦСʦܺ׽ŪˣԼˣ죬ȴһֽŰܿ࣬Ǻαء
ͣݵúԡһǧ겻½Сʦĺܺãʧ˿ĻʿȡϵҵȵҪԶϷ֮
ʦ˵ļǡһͬʩ
̬ȹߵҵȴ½ûע⵽ҶüŪۡ
ʦ֡
һůԼϤʦţԼϤˣָҲаůˡ
¥׼̸֮ʱϷĶ¥ͻرƿһӰ֣ú´һɤͽ
ʦ
̧ͷ¥ϣһŰ³ۣͷѩļƷ˧˵ǰ
ʱһƬ
˵òɱȫŮŮ̫˧ˡͷİ׷ЩͲɣһ˲׺һ˫¶һ峺۾˲ɱȫԶٶȱҶġ߾Ҫϼ

տļȼҶʱҪϼס
Ҷķ˲䱻Ӷȥ
ֻǶҶ۽ǶûԱƲһ£üͷһ塣
ʦԵȣȥҶһҲȫޣֻô¥ˡ
ҶθնһӰѾҶǰһ̧Ҷ°ͣһۣץסҶһ̽˵ˡ𡿣
ҶȻ̾Ϣǰʦҡ
ýͣһ֣ץסҶ󣬵˵Ϊʦ˵
ҶٿȻ󾪣æʦ㡭
һ׹⸡֣һ֣һѩŴİ׹һɫĻ͵ڿһǣ̶ʧ
ˣġɾˣܲ˹
һƬž
ҶŴ͡
ΧܵˣűҶͣ


101 ֶԲ
һ˲䣬˶嵱
һ΢紵ϸһƫΨһĶ̬ƺʵ磬ǲƬ
⣬͡ˣ
ôһ˦
ô˦Ƶظ˦ȥˣ
ǻǡ
Ҷһ仰û˵꣬ڡ𡿵Ļֱ˸ˡ
ҲҶһֱӸܡ񹦡ľʼڵһŷȼգҲᱻڣڵٶȱԵʮǻʯͷ¶ȲߣҲղʯͷġ
Եڷǰɵؽ䱧һţ̶˴Ҷڣųָ֮䣬޲ߵġ𡿻ҷ
ڡʧһ˲䣬ҶڵȪӿˮһ㣬һزɺԵĵ;ֻǡŋ翸ʾռʧܵʾȴҶЩᡣ
ҲTMDˡ
ˡ𡿣ȴһ΢һ㣬Ȼ˵ҽɡ
Ҷһ㣬ҪϣͻȻһĿ
ţ
һվס㶼ɻض
Ҷһ㶣˹ǰʦ𣬻λͽΪ
ˡ
ɷһֱӴ˳һ֣˵ɷˡ
һ㶣¶Ȼɫ׵Ǽҡޡɷƶ飬ɷŮṦԵһ
Ҷȵؿʦһۣ˵ôɷŮأ̫ûе˰
˵뼾˹᰹ǹʽֻ²ѵðݻᣬޡֻöţδʶź
Է̬ϣɷرÿ˵˿ˡ
˼ͽȻܹʶǿߣǷǳˣתʵͽ˵λѣһλںδ
ҶŲһŭ𣺡磬

һĻش˻ȺУڶʱѾ˸ǰ
ʵṦۣԹṦҲ㹻׵ģֻɷȣԲԹṦĸ
ԹЦ˵ĹߣЦ˵¡ޡеĲԹҼˡ
ٴμԵѵڴ˵صλˣһ̸ͬһΣ
˵ĸ֮ܵһۿɷ֪Էˡ𡿣˼Ůˣôǽĸ֣֮ͥôΣδЩأѹͶԷ̧Լ۵ɡΪأ̸òֲѿ
ɷȻ˼ɵð޶Էȵ壬ԼȻںЩϵ飬ԷΪԼ룬崺磬ͷ
ֻΪ˵ʦôҶôأ
ҶȻ֪һԵɷԼ̲ѣֻ˷ܵҹΣһȺ߿һϣѾõСǸ΢ƵĴ˫ˮһע
ҶΪϲҡ˫ִιŮܼ˸ʶ
÷ѩɫ󾽣͵ط´׳գå
ԱߵļñŶЦǰϡ
÷ѩͨ죬ЦЦЦЦĳӡŲ͵óţߴų򣬵ϳ뿪
ԶУҶЩεش˫ۣƲƲ죬Χ𾪵ؿԼͬźʦ𣬺˵ûϷҸŮôңţ֤

һ˲䣬ɷڵġ𡿱ͬҶһøɸɾ
䡰ϵꡱƹһ˰ԺӣסĶƹ۵һˡ
ʱдĿˣɷԹ֣߻ʸ̩ԴɢʯҲΪ棬
ҶΪʦ˽Լһں֮󣬰ڵһ˽оȣҽɵĵӣʥĵӣһǻʵ۵ĶӡҶСӣÿεôһ⣬ЩˣЩ£Ȼռˣ§ô
ǰˣģһǿʵ˵֮ãԳһ˿ϵҲвٵĺô
еӷ衣
ҶǽԼľ򵥵һܡ
Ҷ˵ɱˡϽͷ죬ħǡȼħŸָɵʮʱ˶һĿϲΪСʦܵıοҶ˵Լɷ֣һܡ֮ܿһɣ뿰ɵʱһĺȻˡ
־ȵؿԼСͽܣ·ʶһ㣬а⣺ɣ뿰ʵԼԳ֣ȡʤ벻ԼͽܾȻԺΪɵ֣ʵ˸еֵ𾪡
Ҷ˵꣬ӱǧϻͳһѵĺɫƣһӵ˵ϣһȻǡħơаö֮ࡣöǡϽһ˵ģöսڳͷġħǡħǣΪڳѪսɱģûʱռ
ȻϽ뵽Χ硯жУֻҪʤһۣǲǽǰΣһضɽͥ׳˰
˰סеܣƬ̣˵벻ħźȻҲǣǵңյĿıһģħŷźô֮ǰħŷֲˣδɹֱӹĶ֡кйڡ
֮ǾԮ硯ɣɽׯ㳲Ҳ塢ǧ˵ʵԮУǱħƣ˳Ϯɽׯľɾ;ˡ
ôһ˵ɷͲԹɫһЩÿȻ˵ʵ飬ѵԹۣôš硱ٲɣ
ƺûп˵Ĳ˼侲˵־ӡ硯ռ硯һ𣬡ɽׯҲһԱ˵һһҹƣΤЦһ硯ҲһͬУԮ硯
ɷüͷһ壬ɻʵ˸ղ˵ǡɽׯ񾡳˴飬ױ͵Ϯô
˵ͷǲáɽׯעȫҪȡԮ硯ҪѰλãоսһٵֶľơ
ԹʱɵòɵƴǾܳǶά֣ѰսⲻǸûвô
˹ЦҪõ롣ΪгԤϵǿԮڹؼʱ̽һٻȡʤ
ϵǿԮɷһͬɳ
ǳЦʱһ͵ȴÿһֶǶУڶһ㡣
ްӷ𣬴ݻλʿ
˺Ȼ
㣿
¡Ĵɮˣ


102 һ
ƮȻӭſڣͬʱƶ飬ӭλɮ١
Ҷɷæ󣬳ӭӡ
һԺУвԺС
УһеȣӲɮˣڴɫɮֳɫģϽۣһ֮ࣻ
һǰɫɮǳģγüΪȣҿȥǳ࣬ۻļշУտΣͷִɮȷǸѹӡʱ飬һһţеġ
ŻɫɮĴУкȻһ˱ǡʨߡӦ档
ɮӭ㶼ֹһ񣬿ţȵӲе˵ĵ֮˹ͣݻᡣ
ɷǰһֵҡޡɷλɮ
һԵ΢΢һЦ˵ʮǰڼҼʩһ棬û뵽òʩȻ죬֮컯ɾ壡
ɷæǫòҡ
΢ЦŸ˵λɮƶһ·ͬУǰ㵽Ľǣͬס⡮ϵꡯУֻλʦϲţס˺Ժնҵȳ֣˴ʦУʧˡ
пϼһ˿ȿ޻ѿЦݣȻࡣӦס㡢ζģӦסġ֮ģǱǴеĲˡ
˲ɵЦ
࣬лԹԼԳΪԼвҡ
£½һţλеλȻɮΪ˾Ȼ˺Ͱ׽ɵ̾²ǧɲŸɮоǸ
ңԸΪѣȥ˽ϵķȽڣֱ֮⣬̸صˡ硱ϡ
˵ķ飬λɮһȻͬ顣
˵һҴһλ޺ߺɮͬǰҪħ̺ڼ
˵ͷƵȻĿһ£βѰΤЦ죬ʹҪģ
˷׷׵ͷ
ɷʱ֮ʱɷ˵ΤЦΤүأƣĺӣϲȥΪλֻһЭһе㾡ȫõľ飬ֻΤЦ»ΪҵȿֻЩӱѹͲ
Ȼһۣ㶼ʧЦ
˫ֺʲ˵ްӷ𣬼ʩ˶Ϥġ˵ĲΤЦԸǴ˴εļƲ߲ǳڣȻϲǿҲ㾡ȫһΣҵֻ󣬲һҪĸһˡ

Ľɵһ·ֱУϳţӭɽɽһƬɰƣɰмƬᣬؼס˰ɽ
ʱġɽׯУϯкķ͡
ᡱֻǸͷĿӢֿۣͬ֡
޼ɵĺһ±㾪еͣЩòμӡݡĺڵɣһȺȺس㼯ֻһʱڣ¼ڴ˵Ӣۺܣжǧ֮ࡣ
ɽׯڿˮ磬ơ⣬ƾӻֻǶ̶̵ʱ䣬ķѾдǧˣһµٶˡ
Ĳĳ£Χÿʮӣβһ
ϣһֻȫ򣬴ϣֻϣǰֻţȻʮֻռʮֻѬѼʮֻʶ죬ƿķںӡҶࡱȻһֻȫ򡭡
ֻһƬɢɴĽ⡣أٱѩ˿Ľ⵶µĿ϶һɺ롢ɾ⣬ɰ£ͤСЦڣʿƼһΤЦΤүӣߵ⣬ͻشһԾ˷ܣ˫΢֣ϣ˶ɤţȺۿĺүǣиλֵܿ𣬽յ⡮ɽׯμӡᡯΤЦûʲôдеֻǴˮƣ⡭ֵǵҡɽׯΤЦܳԣܺȣסһTMDǣ
ȺȻЦһƬŭĺȲʮըһ𡣡һΤЦĿɷŴȵٵүǶ嵶İε彣İνʹүǣеɱĽ⵶Ӷϣѽ
һȣ쳹һ󻶺ȲʺЦ֮ɽ𣬽űһʵϻʡ
ȺЦӿһΤЦ조ಡԾ·ܣץһ⵶һһ齬֭Ŀѱڵϣһڣȭͷ⾹һдࢲֹץһƺ˵عһڣʱ븹̶һĨ뷢ϵľգͷЦһɺ۱ɫ
ΤүԣͻǰһȺмһǰݵʦ𣬿ˡ
СãΪʦһ룡ΤүӶ˵Ҳ£ֱӵˮƣֱӽһݸĿһˡͷͽһһˮƵ˸С
Ŀ㻰û˵꣬Ǳ߾ûһƣ˶ĺ룬ɵһЦ룬ڨڨ˵ʦҲ̫ˣ⻰û˵ء
л˵ƨš˵үԥʲôΤЦ۾ֱ
㵹Ǹһ˵
Ŀһֹȴڵ˵ʦµλɮ;ԮͽܵĶ˺ʦͬţɽˡ
һϿŻΤЦһ£ѻǺɤȥһȻ֮ɫŭ˭˵˭˰ɽˣ
һɤţѹȫ˵ĳ֮һʱȫž
Ŀֻٴ˵ʦ𣬴ɮͬƹ۹һͬǰɽ
˵꽫ϵİһݣΤЦһմģؽ˹飬ʮۡ
ڡ
䡭
Ⱥܡ
µɮݻΤү
ϣµһŰΤүӡ
Τү䡪

Щ˴󲿷ֶǺڵʿҲֻǸ֮͢䲻ԸǵĹеǿߣЩ˻Ǳֿľ⡣
ΤЦһŴ춼ֵˣɫǵͨ죬˷ܵԸӡ
µһš£¡Ĵɮеˣ°ǰɽTMDֱ̫ˡ
Ǹƹ۹Ǻ˵ǲ֪ܹλɮһͬǰȻҲǲ֮ʿС
ΤЦЦۿߣүһӭӴɮ١


103 ݻ
ڼҡƹۺʹһ˱ŲǰԺ֮ʱҶŷѾ󵽲ƸԺˣǸ㳡һߡ˰˵Ĺ㳡
㳡мһʯѹɵʯ·һֱǰٶףɰرգֱͨӭá
ǰһԶӭǰؼʿ㶼һ֮ɫس߹
ԹŲɵһЦΤүӵǻưλɮ°ΤЦ쵹ǽȺټ˹һɮݵͬʱҲ˴档
˵һЦΤЦڴػһˮ֮ıֵƳ磬ֵþЩͷҲ㲻ʲô
ŷ˵һǳѵȻƶɮ塣
ȻЦƶôߵĵУô˵˵οˡͬʱвһ̾Լʵ̫ĶŲˣ֤ΪأĲ˵ͥɽŵ룬㼸˲Լһʣ֪ʱܡ÷Ȼ
һ˵㡢ǰУɷԹԺ󣬺ƹ۵ӺӦĸ޺ߣҶһ˸ںߣںƹ۵ӺͼҵС
ҶЦߵ÷ѩߣȳżôк̶˵ģȺ֮ʱǵĿ˭ϵࣿ
÷ѩһߣǡ
ϵԼͦ˼ش˹׷ע
ʸ̩˵ҪҲ£ʦʦպգǷ˴׿Դ¡Ĵɮ˵Ĺע٣Ҳ룬Щ˱øʢġĴɮʲôģ
һԵĶɢʯͬ˵⵹δءʦȷעĿҪ˵˸ΪۣڿĴɮ֮󣬱Ȼɮͬе˸Ϊ棬²Ǻηʥο˵ʸǲҾûôɷȵĸˣֱ˸ɽֹ
ԣԡ갢ԴԵõҡҡͷҪ˵עĿģһ͵ó˧ؼҪص㡭Ҫ˵һעĿģҪˡǿߣٿǱӡȥҪж죬עŹء
ȥ
һ𼫶ȱӰԴһֱ÷ѩ˸ۣʵڶʾɡ
ǰ߶ǷĲԹ̻ͷһ֣߸ߵ˴ĴָŰԴ˰ڡ
Դܹ裬ͬŴĴָҶ㰡磡
ȥ
رܣԶһ㡣
ãû˭أѹ˭ʸ̩һлȥɧżã˷θ
˵ԴĲҽ֮ѳһֻãʱʱҲῪһЩЦֻԴʸ̩̬ȣЩ׽
Ҫ˵ǵĿһۼϡ
ңʸ̩Ϊ졣
ôע⵽أʲôֵעġ
ôûУСһʣ˵ֻҪѹһȦܱߺʮӡұ֤˶עġҴӦ㣬ֻҪһ㣬ҾˣעǡȴӦһһٷɡ
һ͵ؿżСŮӣһ񺮣СĹݵİ˭ҲܹŮˡ
ԴżãͱһߵĻʸ̩˵٣ǣλζһذˣˣˡ
Դ˻ʸ̩ǶûʲôӦ˻ͷһˣС￪ʼϼٶĿˡ
TMDСǸգΪϱҪˣ⻹Ҫڿ龰ǴҪˡ
СӲ㱼ɣɢʯ˵
ڵ˶ôˣ˶Ĵ̼ŪҶ̾Ϣһż˵Ůôݰɣ⺢СʱԴˮ͹ֲǲ֪ҶģѰ
úһ˵ҵĶעûӰһתͻȻЩȤʵ˵ˣ˵ɣҶѺ˭
Ѻ˭ߺߡǻ˵ôҶЦһָ˪÷ѩ˵ȻҼҵһŮͬʱҲһŮСѩˡ
һ㶣̶ʧߡ
԰ȺүﻹŮˣôû뵽ʲôүǣ
÷ѩֺ˪ҧгݵ˵ҶջĻĸǡҵġĸġסޣҪŲһɱ㣿
ǧҪҶƤ˵ַ֮ͥ˲ÿ𣬱νǧνءҶҧ֣һһ٣ĵ˵ﶼǺڵȺû˾ӣһŮ׷ɱһүǣȥ˵ˣ¾ͼ֪һ֣ȫ²֪Ӱ󡭡
÷ѩҧ촽ζըˡ
һԵļЦ÷ѩȥͺݺݵһѡ
һתͷ˭Ҳһߵǰߡ
һ˿ҪߵӭáǰʱڴһˬʵĴЦһ۵𣺡λɮ٣Τĳӭ٣ˡ
ŴɤţһĿΰߴ˳һĺɫ멣洩Ž廨ŵʿۣһɫ˶ųеΤЦЩϲڵеļʮ㣬ҲƣȻʧ˿Ļú
ǰ񣬡ƶɮ㣬Τׯ
̬ѺãΤЦôӡ
ʩϣܵλƹ۹ˣΪѣǡΤׯ˾£ǰʢ¡
¡ĴɮܵܵӵĵοԷһ֣ҵֻдﵽ߾磬صʱ򣬲Żڲ֮ʱзϻͯĻᣬԷǴ˵еĸ֣ĸ˼ǡµһšġš֮ҲѵһΤЦһᣬ˷ܲѡ
ΤЦֱɷͲԹ֮¶غͳɵɫǰȵظǴкתڡ
飬ȴλЩʼϲΪ÷ѩڶȺĿǳҶԤϵģһСɧҡ
÷ѩǰʱȺ۾һ̶͡
÷ѩ޳ֱ֫ͦӯӯɲţüĿ续ʤѩһıܡ
췢֮£Ʈ֮ѩ
÷ѩӯӯ·ѩŮ˷һɲǣȺߡ
ȺΪԡ
÷ѩɽʼֻڼҴϯ˶˵Ĺϣܵ˶˵ĿĿƵߣеȵĲȻҲᷳص˻ȥľٶΧۺڵȺ顣
ЩԱ룺ڿңѵ¹ڲѵòЦ
ЩԸ룺ڿңĪӢ⣿
Щȫմ룺ڿңҸô죿

ֵֺʿΪ÷ѩĿ⣬רΪԼרעڶԼţԱԸմմϲǴͷɥüĿ飬Ȼˡ
÷ѩǵ̬üͷøˣ
ʼΪĳ˵׼ȷԤԣǨŭˡ


104 Ⱥ
÷ѩŭӣȴȺ˷ܼһǺϣʼƴǰʱЩҲ
ҵϡҶһƹ۵ӺͼҵС·࣬ǰӵȺס
÷ѩҲûϵ˻ӣһ˷ܵسԼǺϣСŮСˡСؽиͣһʱȻЩסˡ
Ҷǰһקס÷ѩ֣ǰܣͬʱ߰ɴǣԽķ˿Խװ
÷ѩرҶקͻȻԼ־Ȼһץţʶһ˦֣ͬʱȵҡ
˭֪һҶȻû˦ѣֳһͷһ
ǰλѾһåǿҷһŮĻ桭
ǣڹ͹һһֳը˹
Ⱥ鼤ܡ
ˣС˵ָɿ
Сë֣
ҶӿϵŮˣTMD
֣ҵġ
ӣ㡭
ſǸŮ

ܱٸ׳ĺúǿʼ߼൥ķ߼һ˲㱻ͻˣںúǿŭҶЦ÷ѩ
ʱ򣬴Щߵ÷ѩڻعС񺮡һ֮÷ѩУ÷ѩ͵رͷ˲ѩס
䡪
ķѩٿȻ֣˲ϯ˽׷ԲеԱ۵ңȫѩΧ
ɱˡ
Ҷֻüһ仰˱㱻ͻķѩˡ
ȶȥΤЦ졢˺ɮΪĶ̫ٴλطʱ򣬡ӭá⣬ѾһƬѩأ
÷ѩһһпűЩ͵ΤЦӯӯһ񣬵Ȼ˵÷ѩΤǰ
⣬⡭ΤЦǰһƬѩףһһѵıѩĿ˵
ӷ𡪡˫ֺʲţġ̫Ǿ÷ʩѹ״Ӱɣ֪ʦǡ
ʦ𡪡
ԭǡӡĸͽֲãֲá

ʱ֮󣬡ӭáǰıѩѾһɨˡ
ֻһصˮպ΢΢΢磬֤ļ紺ĵطո¹һѩ
û£Ժޱ˽εĶ
ԭַǷ᳡ϣԭĿ򡢿ţеĿⶼ̧һߣȼޱֺΧ𣬿ʼˣ
Сúһڽ԰˵
ΧһƬ̾
ҶЩյͷ졣
һҵŮƺѾͷչ˵Ҷ磬ұҿȢҲٲġ㲻ŻɣǼҺܶŮӶģҡ
ҶοһǰСƯЩӤʵĿɰŮ̾һû˵ִչԴһ˵λСŮҼСʦʧأǸˮգʵȰþա
˭㣿Ĵ۾˵֮ˡ
˵õɪɪһ֣˵Слưʹ﷼
͡
Ҷ֮Աǣ̧ƨԱŲŲλøഺ궯Ů
Ƴ˼ҶȤȣʼɢû뵽Ҷǳ֣Ѽֶ˻
ҶҲǰɵô⼸ʦŵʵ⼸춼ʲôˣôʦʹµĺйҵһˣ
˻һۣƳǰ˵Сʦ壬ԴߺûյʱӦ߱㵽˹УͬеıС
ͨƳҶ˽⵽鶼ǰյļƻʵʩµɮ¿ݣʦŵĴ½ӽʧ˿ɴʱʦŽӵԼż·ΪֱӲ룬˸ɽоӳһͬĽǡ
ֻǾ֮ǰİţһ˸ƹ˵㽻ɮʲôˣµġĴɮ֮еĸ֣ȡʮǾΪٺãҲ϶ϵôƳ簡ԶλɮΪѾǽͬȶԴΪ飬Ϊˡ
ҶЩ벻͸ҪѯʣȴֱļһĹŹ֣ƺЩû˵ɵɻ׷ʵôˣģģʲôû˵ģ
Ƴ룬˵Сʦ壬Ǹʱ·ǸСԺʱͻȻͲˣԺӣվ˺þúþãʦˣҲվšһ仰Ҳû˵μȹ죬һֱվϣҹˣǸвͻȻ˵˾䡮ԭˡȻ͸ʦǹЦ֮˾ʶ˼ʮƵأ޻̸ͬĪ桭˵ŹֲŹ֣
Ҷüͷ壬ڤ˼Ҫ
˵վҵǸСԺ
û
ҶĬˡ
ԼǸСԺѰζĺۼŶ
̵ģǵڤһٹХ硿Լʦǽµһ
ĸ˵ǵϲĺۼҲƶϳһе̶ȣԺдŵģһУȻԼԼ似зƺƽ⡭
ĸ֣ʵ͹۲
һҹʱ䣬Կܵһ鵱ʱĴ򶷳档ҲԴڤһηԵˣһָη
ϲĻһҹ㲻ڤѽһ֣˳Żʦһ
ֻǲ֪еԺʦһս˭ʤ˭
ʦֶȥߣҶٴ˳˼
ֻγ˼û̫õʱ䣬Ҷȴֱһ˵Ŀϡ
ôҶε̾
ôһ˳ҿһ£ʸ̩ŵ˵ûʲôֻѩüලһ£ûбǼСѾͷߡ
Ҷһ㲻Ϊôױɣ
ôϣЩ˻һ
Ҳʸ֣
ҧҧ촽˵Ǹˡ
ߡ治֪ʸ⻰ǸǸЦ
Ͷ˶Ҳ֪һʲô̧ߣչֱӳҶһذը˵Сʿұϲ㡭
ô֪
Ů˵ֱ
Ҷޡһ˵Ҿãһ䡭
Ϊʲôòʵ
Ҷ˵˵Ӿ
˵Ӿô󲻽⡣
ûҶ϶ص˵ͷһָ˵ΪѾСʮǻѾʼˣ
ɣúȻͷȻһۿԶĻʸ̩
׳ա͵վ˳ȥṦȻΪ
ʸ̩ͷʲô͸ʲôһһ߳嵽ʸ̩ߣ仹ûӦ֮ʱһư˹ȥ
ʸ̩ͻһЩɣʵǸʲô
ôȵСʮѣҲֻǲȫ˼ά⣬ΪᲫҵ½𣿡
ʸ̩ЩͿ˵ʲô߰İҲʪ·ȡһѰˡ
˲ͣԼȻǸʿĹŪôһ
ŭͷ֮ʱﻹҶټˡ


105 ӥչ
ɷԹ˺λɮΤЦ¿ʼ˴̸ܻ֮
һЩŴͷּۻ۶ѡ
ΤЦġɽׯӵʧ˿֮ĽͨҪʧ˿˳ɵóñڸҪ졣
ģġɽׯΤЦʣݼƣݡͥԺ԰ʹ֮ȣģһƴڷܡ
ԭ˵ľסʱסǧ˵ֺܣȻһʱԲӵ
ƹۡºͼңֵŵϵԺ䣬ΤЦԴµľ⣬ҲӴռЩˡ
ʱҶļλʦִŵԺɨҶ£㿪ʼڸй
ڵʲô磬ġޱ˼
ΪԴҶ˵ʲôҲֿһಽؽżʦǼҶ
үʮޱ˰˸絽ˡ컯졣
أ
˵أơġɽʽȫգΪṦԡʽдߡ
Ҷ˵ͷˮƮǧĹа˳ǿƣṦϣ츳Ӱ죬ȫԳԽǧˡҪʤһһ˾֮ʱ·һ㣬ƿ¡¡죬ʮ㡣ȻṦҲǿԼĿһ֣ǸǧԸǧǸ֡
Ͷ˴һƬլԺǰǸ¶ţ¶ź󣬲֪Ժи԰
Ȼڣ԰ȥ˾ȴڻ԰֮䣬󷽻иɻأĽһСͤһСŽȥ
£ľĺ԰¶֮
Ҷһ̾ѣ벻ΤүӵҲ԰ֵ˴ƱģҲ֮ǰá̻Ի͵
ͻȻһЦӲԶ𣬡λ̨˵ļǣ⻰ҪΤ̫үٲҪ˰ɡ
Ҷ֮ɫһţԼʶǿĶԷȻܹ֮ľ϶Լ֣ṦǾˣĿǰΪֹҲɷܹһ㡣
ӰһǰͷϵɳһӣȻܹͣڿһϢʱ䣬Լ΢΢һЦֱһ۷ƮƮԼǰ
۷Ҷɱܴﵽ˿٣Ϳ룬ݾṦȻʤԼһ
Ͳʮġ壬ٵ̰㿡ӥĿüޣһĨŵе΢Ц֮ɢһɺ֮
Ŀ⾼ضҶлһ֦ӻ
ҶȻ򣬶ԷղŶۻ֮ʱԼ׸ԣű˹
´ҶһȻʧЦ̨ﲻףʶԭΪǸʿ벻ȴǸĵʿղǷ۸òˮľ̸֮ɣ
ԷͻȻҶһüûһ˷ȴδ˱㷴༥
Ҷȴ˻̡
ˡ
һȣҶŭǰһơ
۾͵һƷ
ִӻֱָצֻһӣһצûΪצһצӰͬʢʻһץ˹
һһƶһ
ʱȣԷ΢һΣ˰벽Է¶˼˷ܵɫ
ô벻벻úӣһչ˰벽ˣǵһյģ¶ãʪȺ⣬۸úˣˣ
˵껰ԷӻһݵһһԱߵʯ쵱УһǰڣӰӯڿն𣬴צӰץ
Сӥչ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬λԸһжţ벻վȻ
ԷĿҲ紫һ㣬Լϲ˵ͱ䡣տʼ֮ʱԷҪԼύһһԼǸʿвϲ༤
Ȼ֪ΪʲôԷԶԵʿûкøа
ҶͶԷ֣ûֹʩʩȻһߵʯϣ۾ؿ֡
չľѹӲǿǿʣԷ˰벽һʱ˶Էĺʤ֮ģֹ
ûйֽľ飬СӥչǸö֣ԼҲʤϣø֣ͬʱԼҲÿһԼһֵܳмＸ
չڿգ׺չᣬԾߴ۷Ȼٳ»ͬӥãһצǰ֮̽γצ˶ĽצͷץԴ
һơʹ˼£δܽ˳⣬Ʒ磬Ȼƾޱȵơ
չһ֮ľצһֳʵ֣ƶԹһصһ죬չĴһٴλ졭
չ˷ܵӥһṦʩչһ£춼չ˵Ӱַ죬ӥץģˣܡ
ʽļ֮ʹ
˫ֻܻԶľ룬ƷХ֣նȻҲصϽ
ҶɵðԵͷϿƷ࣬ͬʱչĹ֣ڶԷȻ粻ԼԼĹѹƵˡ컯ΪռϵıˣʹһϿԷ竺ͿҲǸ֮ˡ
ҶոΪԷ̶һ˿죬ת˲˸ɾ
šӥչ۷ɸ۽񡱻ͬʦֵܣռչʹˡԵĹſ϶˫ȻͬһУǡš·
ɴ˼Ҳ֪Ǹͷ˹ְ֮ڵôˣ
Ƭ̹˽ֱ㲻°Уչ죬ƷЩ϶ԷĽˡһһʽʮ㣬ÿεķգԷṦ̶ٷͷϽðһϸë
ԸͣĿӣҪأһ̲ɵسӦԷˮһĹ
ȻǿܾͣѶҶҲⳡνıȶõĳȥվҪֹ˵ıȶͻȻԶĽŲ֮ƺвʮ˵Ķ첽˹ͷ֮ʣһȴס֣ס֡
չĹһ٣
˫ƻ£ʱͷĴ󺹣٣СӥչһȻɫ¸ɸˬˬ·ûжһ㡣
ƿһòӢʡĶʮüͷһָʹ˵ʲô˵ĵӣ֪ҡɽׯĹôﶯ֣±ϳȥô


106 ŰŰ
Է̬ưһ㽫ڳȫó˼ҵ̬ɽׯɽԼĳ棬̬ſһ
ҶֹĴ𻰣ؿǰ̧°͡ñǿ׿˵ꡣ
Ҷ𻰣˽Ӳ硣
СӥչʲôˣǸҲȥ㣬ð̵û뵽쾹ȻһԼļһѵԼݲ֪ĿȻչһҪͷЦĳ嶯
չٺһЦ´˶ԷһۣλֺôĿȴ֪ʲôˣȻˡɽׯˡ
һâһδ𻰣⴫һ֮һƳƵɤúúãǺܺá
Ź֮һȺŮŮ˳һ̬ưȻһЩб֣һҶչˣ·һһ㡣
ǰһϽڡͷĹӸŰ˵˼Դҵ⡮ɽׯһƼôһ֪ν֮ͽȻҸ֣˵ġҡᡯٵҵֲ֤֣û˵󻰣Ǵˡɽׯ
ҶȤؿ棬ԭǡš۵ĶӰۣӰ࣬ӵһĴ
˵꣬ðһഺżȻİ꣬̾ؽ˵˵ļǡ֮ʱ͸Τүᡯµſڴ˵ʢᣬҪʲôèèƭƭ֮˶ҪдƣⶼЩʲô˰ȻΤүӵͽֶ֣֣ʶѧʲô߽Ȼҵᡮ޼ɵЦˡ
һ˵˻ȻһͬЦ·ǰҶǶۡĸճ۳
Ǳǿ׷ĳ֣Ƶ˿佱Ӹֱͦ˼֣س˵ֶֺˣ֡ᡯٵҵݺμҡὭľ书СЩͷڶλǰҫء
һЦվһüĿ毺á̬ķҲǸŮĽŮ֦ҲЦλǵ죬ǵλС粻ˣ˼ҿҪѵǵİ
ǰֵЦ˽ѵ㻨λ˻ѣ
ŮڣŮͬʱһЦ
֣˵꣬ǶǰͦأǳΧڶŮǶ˴ӹάƨϡ
ЩһһˣҶ˵˿һ㣬漫Ϊš
ô˵ĽƵҲ֪֣ӵඣǲҲڽϻˣһ侲ȴƮ˹ƨһڶʱϢȫޣ㶼εĽ˵
˵ĲǱˣȴһֱҶ
ȺûĶ棬۸ڶവʵڶĵҪסԷ̣ﶾ
ԭֻ֣ƣû뵽һ仰µʵʵԵʱһŷǵͨ졣
Ϊ˵֣ƸʮΡ
Сӥչʱִ֣úúãǺܺá˻ˣλʲô֣ĽƵҲʶʲôµһħŵ۾ʲô֣Ҵһǹ򽽳Ģ˥õʮģﶼһģһֱŭǳǿڲԡ
ĽƵʲôˣ
һǡµһһħħۣ˼Ҳʢ֮£˭ҿǵЦ
ʱĳϣʮȻſЦѵһˣȴƿԣ֪α粵
ȫ²̨֣ŭȵ֪Ļ˶ǵʲôˣ
չڱŭTMDϼСүװʲôβǣ

֣šɽׯһֱĽǵһĶֵʱܹ
֣Ϊ˴ĶΤЦͽ⼸ʱǽύһν֮һȫ۸ڶӣΪ֮󣬲иԡšٵμҵǸ߹ͬҲӵĿˡ
ճΣǻϵ¸飬Ϊպʱѣ·Ͽ˴򶷣֣űһ˼ҵƣǰ̧̧ݶû뵽ȴߵ壬̧ݶ˶ݶӱûӡ
ʱԷͷԼﻹ̵סһȣһƱ˹ȥ
ϰ׹һð׶һ֮Ҳ
ֶΡΧȲʡ
Ҷһа֣۽ͣոչֶΣȻϱʤû뵽һӹףѵΪֱӮֲɣ
Ҷʣʵϣ֣ƻôġ
ЩСĶǾУҲԸϻ˱ǿԼҪǲͷѪҲǲ֪۵ġ
ĳĳܽأĴεõ˽ѵʹǰˣһ޼ɣø³⻹ǽ˵ҲһǸԲе
֣ƾôһλΪ˾ΤЦΤЦ壬ĶΪͽҲ֣ƣǰһչˣû뵽ôһûûƤ
֣â絶ʹУһбչľ࣬Ҫһʵ֣ŽԴֱӶ
ۼԷ޿ɱܣȻӦ֣һЦ⸡ϣٿȻЦһͣǰ֮һצֱסԼƣԼȫһƾȻԷ׵ץɵ´󺧣ҪִӶԷгԷ־͸һԼôѲ
ܽкõһڶ꣬ٿȻ죬һŴͣǰһС
չааһЦ˵ѽֵ֣ǲأ
֣ϵĺðˣԼ˲֮ͽɾԼ书УȻеԷҰԼôʲôϿңҡɽׯ
㡮ɽׯôչŵφֱһǲһ֣һָͷֶϡ

֣һҽУϵľʹ䶸Ȼŭһеؿȵ쵰ҡɽׯŹģҪɱȫҡ
ɱȫңչЦȵҪôɱȫҵġ
͵һ٣һžžĴ촫˵У֣ƵһֻƱ߬ССһ磬չɿƣ֣Ƶ־ȻӲؼѹ˶һĴС
˵ǽѪⱬ³
֣һɵԼһ֣һʹɱһĲҽг

֣ʹڵأشҡ


107 ³
չ֣Ƶһצץ˸ϡãɵʹԼ쳤Ц
Χ˵ȶǺȻɫֲѡ
ҶΪչֻ΢ѵһ֣ƣ벻ȴ֮أ˵ģµĳͲ̫ʰ֣ƺܵǣʱֻ°Լչ𵱳һ֮ˣжԼĳֻ²չˣãɽׯ¶ΪԼĵˡ
쵰ڡɽׯ˷书ٸߣҲˡһԵ׳ɫ
ⶪ۵ĶҲ֪ʲô
ǰһžžһ죬ÿ˵϶һͣ˶ϸߣָɼ
㡭
ʲô㣿չһһͷﵽԼǰǰһɫĶˣ˵Ϊ¾ˣ˵ҪɱȫңǶˣ겻ˡǶ˭ģŶԶԶԡ
չȷſ˰󣬵˵ղ˵ǸʲôʲôǰɣĴ󵱼ң
㣬㣬ҪʲôҾ㣬ٶһ£ҵŹģɫƴͷҪɷǸԶһ㡣
չһСӵԴקԼߣ˵ƴǺǣ֪Сү˭ô֪˭𣿡
һչֱӶܺģһʱֱչ
֣ƶѾ˲зϣк̨Ķ滹˼ʣµˣһҳһ˵Ҷˡ
չȵС˵СүնҼǺඣԺ󱨳ҲˡСүչ𣬡СӥչҲ
һͣһʱ֮¶ˡ
չƺղңƴǰɣҵչ۷ɣӥչ۷ɣֵġ뱨ģʹҵȡ
عͷһѾ̱һŵȵǰɣҪҪҵ̸̸дTMDŹң㰡ҵɾôһӣŹҰ
չһ֣Żȥ°ĭ̱ڵء
ͷŭһԵǸӿͨһڵأҿžظԼһٴͣҸ۲ʶ̩ɽҸ۲ʶ̩ɽҸһ飬Լһ͡
չһЦͷϺǣӿɽ̡
һתͷȵأ
ͨͨһء
ЩСɵĶ֪¼ǵļ⡰ӥչ۷ɵġʮӥһǵǸĳ˵ħŻǡ
ħŻڶĹأôָɶ㡣
⡰ʮӥ㲻ͬˣˡӥչ۷ǡʮ֮֡⣬ӥõƷڵϣǺڵǰ׵棬˾ء
ҲǵĻʵۺ͡Ǹ󡱸Ը֮⣬һܽύӥԺ
˵ħţǵһЩعĸ֣ǵӥڵڵʹ֡
ǰЩŮŮȫһЩСɵǧ͹ӣһеҸʮӥĺڵԿҲͲҸӥĶչԿ
Ҷüͷһ£չһȴЩˡֻҶʹ˳չǸͬĵˣһͬķĵˣ֮ǰȻЩ֪νĶûкøУʱҲûҪΪȥСӥ
һ۵ʹü˹ȥ֣ƣҶһ˿ԽͻȻеһ˿ƣֻᷳſ뿪ùĵط
Աߵ˵߰ɡ
ǣү
һתҪ뿪Ƿ֮ء
׼ߡ
һȣƿһ죬չֵҶǰ
ԵһҪǰȴҶһסչ𵭵˵֪Сӥʲộ
չ͵ؿһԱߵתҶ˵ļͣ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵㡣
ү
ϰߡ
չ֮ɫһţĹ򲻴ǸúεºָʹĺúΪǲ书ǿ
Ҷһ˿ĸо˵Լǲ£չֺΪȴ˺֮УԸֿĿɰ
ԷΪֵ˵İһܸԼϼֵ˶ǺúĺúǱ˺ȥūͣĽЩܲʵԳҶ书ǿǱǿ
Ǹŷǿϡˡ
Ҷû˵һԵȴǰ˵ҼүĹȻǿΪҵĹҼү̵ģүһжӲס͸ˡ
Ŷչһ˳һҾ͸Ҫһˡ
˵ƾҪ֡
Ҷ̾˿˵лᶨҪСӥֽ̡ΣȰСӥЩ㡣
չٺһЦ˵ͷġŶδ̡
Ҷ
ãҶֿǴӦҪұһˣ
ԳС
ʹ죡չ˷ܵ˵ܸҶĸֽ֣ǿõʲôƨġ޼ɵ
˵أһѽϵ֣תߡ
Ҷһ㶣Ͼǡɽׯĵֿ̣̫ΤЦ²̨ҲóˣչȻݶΪ䣬ûҪ˳ԿǳȰչ֣˴ˡﲻݣΤүҲչӥ
ﻰⶼףﲻǼҵ̣ΤЦڱٺãҲӥؽȣǼˣǻԿġ
չǸˣȻóе˼ֻԸˣֻǱˣݲñҡ
ε飬Ѿ޷صĵز֣Ʋһֻ֣ô岻ķ£ΤЦΪˣȻΪ˵ڴ棬ºһͶˡȴպȻԵΣԲھͰС»󣬴󳳴£Ŀ֮£ҲΤЦʲôĵ¡
չȻһЦ˵Ҷҷġ˿ڿ˵ɽׯвҪȫɱ⣬չһʱ֮¶ֽѵ֮²ЩҲҪΤү˵סĻǲҲˡɽׯʽҡʮӥµսأ˿㣣ҶҪΤүӵʵⱻ֮ͽҡʮӥ롮ɽׯĺ
ҶǰһչСһ˿ڽС£֮ǺսĴ£Ұһñӿ֣ͷϣΤЦǲ֣֮ժɾǾǹȻʮӥսҪժɾΤЦҲû֣Ƴͷݡ
֣ƻ˵ɱչȫҵĻ
Ҷɵðһĵһת˵ȻˡҶĳҲСӥһͬǰȥҲ֤ɺã
չһ㶣ŹЦ˵˶лҶˡֶŹڵ͵Ů˵ɣҲһȥ֤ҵҪ˭ôӣǹôҡʮӥս
ŮһƬңڡɽׯ롰ʮӥ֮䣬ɵӶ֪վӡ
͵۴չͬһҵ֣ƣͬʱ뵽СװƲɷ٣㲻ⱲӾˡ


108 
ЩںӱߣܲʪЬװװľˣͻţƵˣЩ˵³Ϊҡ
֮ϣΤЦɫࡣ
Լͽ˵棬ȻСӥսһбƷȫңвɱչȫҡ
ӥһɱ˵ģΤЦܵģ
ȻΤЦ֪ûô򵥣п㣵ĴͽܳЩưͿɽׯĽҪͷͽܾȻ˸ԼǷǣǵûǡʮӥȻʵΤЦеŭˡ
ΪֵܵŹ£ΤЦƽʱзݣҲ֪֣ƵΪίʵôʦֵУԵҲġʱ򣬾ͲòһЩȡˡ
ΤЦɫŭͽǲСӥ֣
֣亹ȴ˵ѣǣͽȶ֡
ǲ˵ܴҡɽׯ
ͽ˵ô֤֣ʸڷϲá
ǲ˵ҪɱöԷȫң
֣ɫ䣬Ͽڡ
˵һȣŵ֣ƴǣ˵˵ʱ򡭡
ͽ졪
ΤЦŭЦ˵û뵽ӻûأҵͽֱܾӥսˣѵ㲻֪ӥΪصĴӢôѵ㲻֪ҡɽׯڴ㣬ѧˡӥݵֿҵTMDӲˣȻӢս飬мԴ
ΤЦȥһŽ֣߷ɣֱײϣ۵һһѪ
ͽպкĿӥһ棿
æǰȰ˵
ΤׯϢŭ˭ûиĺӣܽһǣĪҪŭĪҪŭ
˵ľǣһӣ֪أ˼䣬ȻѾܵ˽ѵΤׯǧҪڶˡ

ŵϣ׷ǰȰ裬һʱҺ֡
չ֣ǰʦʱǳ˼ǡǡɽׯټȺµʱ
ɷԹ˵ĸΤЦ췽֪ƵϾλɮʱرʾΤүԸ硱ΧµɮԸ׷Τүһͬ
һ̬ɸΤЦʮӡµһš¡׷ΤЦһͬǵȺ۵棬֧ΤЦʧ˿٣ӿ϶ΤЦʧ˿ڣ˴׵һŵĿ϶պ㳯͢˿ΤЦҲÿͿ˵һٵ춨ΤЦʧ˿һʱĪ˵Կ֣ضҸɡ
ΤЦ쵱Ӧ硱ǰɽׯĸɵĸټЩʿͬ硱Դʱ֮ڣȺӢ㼯ô˵棬ΤЦ˽ûа취֣ƸɨأΤЦִĴơ
ΤЦеŭ㡣
ʱչҶǰٴչ¶ĳ˵츳
ΪԴչ˴˴֮Ȼ֣ȴһ䲻Ļû˵ǶΤЦ켫Ϊִ֮񣬱ֵüΪһҲʹŹ֣ʱ̬ȡ
ʱΤЦȷվԼһ֣ƣ֪ʱԼøΤЦһ̨ˣæʧǰһ˵ΤǰĪҪĲǡʱͷ˵֣֣֣˵˺ݻΣʱǰʵҪΤǰģǰĪҪٹ֣ˡ
ֲЦˣչֵ˹ΤЦϲɵúÿ˼֣˵ֶ˵ﻰΤĳͽϣ̳ôһ֪ߵغĻˡֶίֶˡ˵깰ֱһ
չæ˿ŵΤǰĪˣǰһݣȥ֮ҪҸˡ
ŶΪΣΤЦɻʵ
չһ̾˵ǰ֪ҸΪͬʱĻ£ҸԣµķȻѺܶ࣬ܵõغĲˡ
һΤЦ죬ȫ˵Ⱥ˸Ȥ
Ƶġӥغˣ
˭أ
ΤЦʱĿ⣬ֱеһϲԴϣɵЩʵСӥֶ˵áӥ;صﶼЩ
Ⱥ۳µҲͬʱȥ㶼۾չԴǡ
չԵһЦøΪ֣ص˵һҸ֮ˣƹϴɢˡǰħŰǰ־֮ʿͬԿħţɽһսһħ춨̫ƽʢƹһӢۣΪҸΪ;صĵһˡ
ȺͬʱȻͷ׷״ͬ
Ȼ꣬侪˵ѧ裬ǵ⡣
뼰ǰλһߵӢ¼ɣ˶ѪڣΪܡ
ΤЦƵƵͷżʵֶԼǣһǧĵһᱲӰ֮£Ϊ¾ľľĺġֶ˵ڶ˭
չ˵ͷȴǳԱ˼µλɮ˵ҸƾڶΪ;صĴӢۣǴµʦ˵չִ񣬳λɮһףλɮţͬʱ
չ˵Ҹԣʦڹ黯е֣ĵش飬Ϊǫˣʲôڽϼ˿أǰԴެռͿ֮̿ʣʦȻͦս¼˸ҵеڴʦ飬һսʤΪ⣬ֹ˲һĴެ֣ʵһȱ֮ˣԼҸԣµʦʵƾΪ;صĵڶˡ
չԣоݣкãһʱ죬ͬʱ˸ǸŴ֣׷׳λµɮΪ̬ȼΪϿҡ
λɮǻ֮ˣ𷨸Ȼʦĺãõ˶̣ܳȻɣϹͬʱɵöšСӥøУ֮ġӥӸм
˫ֺʲʩһ˵벻ʦܵõӥƳ磬˸пջתɽţʦ֣תӥ⡣
չ淺ϲϹΪ
֮ʵƶɮªǰλĸ֮вɵӥߣΪΪĴӢۣˡƶɮԲ²һ£áӥ;صĵѡ¾ǡһΤʩ˰ɣ
ʱΤЦǵͨ죬Ϊ˷ܵصȴšСӥĴ𸴡
չ쳤Ц˵ɮµòҸصӢۣΤӢˡ


109 һֲ߻
Сӥչһϯڿз˿ըףʱ˵Ŀкã֮ƿ˷
λֺܣΤЦ칪Ϊ񣬴
ΤЦҸɽôһƽͨһԼԴϣһʱҸγѪܲ㵱ʱͱˡ
ֶ˻棿ӥƳϷ򣿡ΤЦϵĺӼ˷ܵٴȷղĻ
չаЦݼȹؿ϶ΤǰûҸʱȷô˵ġ
ӥ۵ϷϷ书ҵǰ֮һθҿ⡮ӥĵˣ
չ˵ΤӢĪԷƱҸԣΤǰȻ书ǰߣΪˣŸֵþء
˻
չһתڳȺ˵Ҹ;ΤӢۣԭ
һΤӢ۳ƶǿ־ᣬн֮ɾΪұ֮ģȻⲢǼҸ֮ԭԭǣΤӢȻ书λǰλǰͬΪΪػ£书΢˲ǰУʧ˿ػһʧػһİΪ
һԭһ˵Ⱥ׷׵ͷǡ
ΤЦƶӾݱ߽ǰݾƱ͢˱ܣΤЦȴһ֮ڴ˵شƴʮ귽Ųʮ귽Ų죬һܶڱ߾ƾֵˣһⶼĸ֡
ΤӢر߽ӰһʱһأҸԣʧ˿ΤЦ죬һˮһͿ̿ݵľƶ˱ΤЦ죬һĹʧȴı㲻ǰ˿ݡΤӢ۶һдӰ죬ҸΤӢ۵ĵڶԭ򣡡
ˣֳһƬ֮ں޲ޡ
û뵽ԶӥǸ֣Ǳڵľͳ˧۹ˮƽȥһ£ڶʿŷšӥ˸߶ΤЦΪȺһ㶣̶ϸһ룬ˡ
ȺӥжϣޣҲ׷׵ͷͬӥ۶ϡ
һΤЦʱҸöεˡ
˵˭ΤЦ
ӥȻǡӥԶ⣬⣬ЩҼʮδ鰡ԭôΰ󰡡
Сӥչһ̾˵
ԭ򣬱ΤӢٵǼҸѡˣһԭȴǼҸʼոпǧʱʱ󱲵ĵ䷶ҸǸԣȻҸΪһΤǰһ޶ȴΤǰһӰ졭
ȺǴ󻩣벻ǰԭȻֻСԭǡӥΪƳģһɵô󼱵غš
ӥô˵ģ
ӥһԭʲô

ΤЦڣ˶ΣҪ֪ʲôԭáӥʱʱ
չ̾һȻ˵һԭ򣬱ΤӢ۶´ƵӰ졣
һȺȻ
һԭΤЦʧ˿Ӱ죬ʵǰȺ۾ŷ
ڶԭΤЦݵӰ죬˵Ⱥ֮⣬ϸ֮£Ҳ۷ʾͬ
ԭ򣬾Ȼ˵ΤЦ´ƵӰ죿
⡭ǲ̫ˣ
Ⱥһʱʣпô
ΤЦʱҲáӥЩˣ˵ڶԭʱԼѾЩ죬ʱȻԭԼȻӰ쵽´ƣΤЦϲӣʱƺЩԤˣоȻһ˿η壬Ȼ⡰СӥԭһʱԸӣмЩģЩΡ
ĶԷԭ򲻹ʵӶԼΪȺЦͬʱЩΣԭܹΪŷӶȺԼΪ¾ĴӢۡ
ֻǡСӥչƵƵҡͷص˵֪λʱкθ룬ΪҸ˵֮ʱλһĻɣԼǲˡ
λţչĳԾ
ΤӢ֮Ӱ쵽µĴƣԭǱģλӢˡ
Ⱥʱ۷׷ףʱ˺ʡ
ʲôΪǣ
ǺⰡ
ӥô˵ʲô˼

չȵΤӢ֮Ӱ֮ҪΪλȺ
ҸԣǡɢˡǴµʦŴɵ䣬һĴħı֮£Ȼΰ󣬵ȴӱܲ˵
ΨΤǰͬΪһȴĻ£ʣҪΤǰˣˣ
Τǰһ֮ѪӰµȭȭ֮ģڳȺһ˶Τǰأ
ΤǰĹͣǻ˻־֮ʿȹѪ顣
˭ȹ˭УһգڶͬΤǰ»յĴ
ǵѪģ˽⵽κҪ⵽ͬķµֿ
ֿߣȲǵĳ͢ҲǻŴɣʵʵڵСҪ֣㲻Ʒ˳͢Ŵ֮󣬱ȡʤģǼԵģһյӭͷʹ
ΪΤӢ۵ĴڣΪλȺȺӦެǱҡ֡ġȸ
ΪǵģǺ£ǵĺͺֻҪһһأӭһͬӭͷʹǽݣһĺж
ԲϱڶڶϡֵĵطǶֻᣬȴռ죬ΪǺǻаգһֻǧǧΤЦ졭
˵ǲΤӢ۶´ƵӰ죿ΤӢǲһʿĵһӢأ
䡪
öˡ
ΤӢꡪ
ΤӢѧϰ
κʱ̣ɿ壬ȡĵЧֶΡ
ΤЦ죬ӯ
Ӣۣȥȥװȥȥ֡
ֻҪֶΣֻҪ׼˶λͷ򣬾ǼŮҲܹȫµȥƷƷ˻׸ʮΡ
ҶȻǰһУһ˿΢Цϡ
֮鼫ȻΤүӽȺ鼤ܵĳ棬ʱ˵ֵֿһʱ֮䣬Ⱥ鷭ӿȼȺԸ׷ΤүӳԮ硱׳٣Ѵ֮ģ˴μ᰸ˡ
ҹ˾¸
һž˵Ժչͷ£ʱ̾
һŲҶڡСӥ࣬ЦСӥձֳڣΪγ̾أ
չͷˣϹأ־̾չлҶ㡣ҶֵļƲߣչ鷳˵ķ⡣ҶŲߣҲ
ԭչΪȻȫҶһֲ߻νˡҲǡӥԣҶһãҶνǼ˫


110 ƶΪ
ҶչһЦ̬֣мָģ
չ֣ҪȥΤЦʦ֮ʱҶкһʱһƲߣΪչֳ֤֮ûǰչһһȡչε£֣ƣ˼ƲȫгΪչܡ
˺ķչҲһҶԤϣšʮӥͷΤЦ첻ҶԿͬʱһάǼνӥˡչѸȡΤЦĺøУнȫǼ˳Ⱥ۵Ѫ飬˳֮ˮɣüʲôŵòҲʦŸκδۣܵӢ۵λΤЦ죬ΪԼ֮׵ƴҲ취Ԯ硱
һ߼ȳá
չ롰ɽׯ֮Խ
ԼӮչΣҪԼΪʮӥԼս
˾Ԯҵ⣻
ʦżħź⣬۽֮󣬱ʦضͥʱ
ˡɽׯȫȺĴæ˴ɮ󡭡
ǰһƬá
չжСʿ֣ԭԼöΤЦĵףСʿһϯŷ÷ʵ֤Сʿ˵ԼļƲҲ˵Ⱥ
ȫˣžҲвʮˣµɮҲСʿļƲŪڹ֮䣬ǡˡֱ棬ò˶ãһϯᴫ֣еˣ˶ӡûü˵󡰰ˡлᴫȥ¶ֺµӰ죬ñǰҪܻΪġ
ֻǲ֪ǡˡ˵ȥͷ᲻ᱻԼʹһ١
չһ˷˵һֱչĳΪõĶԼȭͷշŷҶǼ˫ֻٴȭͷҲŪûԼԼ˵㲻ҵĵˣһ᲻֪ơ
ҶЦȻ㲻ҵĵˣǲΣ
չ˵زѵҶֻҵô
˶ӣͬʱЦ
ʱ繳ݶϣݡԸ񣬾Ȼͬˣһ㣬̸ͨﵩֱ

ڶһ磬˯δʱҶ㱻ͻĿѡ
֮ʱһҶû뵽΢ЦųԼǰ
ǰô㣿
˾ȻǺڵɡɹȡĳһƽǸŹ׷ľɫ˫歺ֶӶϳϯᡱǿߣһƽ
һƽһ۳룬ЦôҶСѣҽȥô
Ҷκˣһƽڡ
ǰʱģô֪ˡɽׯأҶµ赹ˮԼһƽС£ʵ
һƽǺһЦ˵ΪСյĳñ࿴
ҶȻ뵽յĻ᳡һƽΪɹȡĴһڳֻԼʱȫûһƽĴڣԡɹȡݣΤЦԻһƽΪϱģҪ֪ɹȡںڵͷ˿ȡʮӥͷҪ
һƽЦЦ˵ҶСĳҪҲˣĳȻμ֮ᣬȴɽͷμӡᡯġɹȡͷСѲ٣ͬҲ٣ϷѾͷСĻСΪãǲܵӣҲν
Ҷ˵ص˵ͷͬʱ뵽ǸеСӶϵģƺǡɽĳ
ԭˣϲϽḻࡣҶ޵
һƽһ̶˵ʲô飬СĽѡϷû뵽ٴҶСѵʱСѾֽύˡСӥϷĿ࿴ɹȡ롮ʮӥȻͬڵɣһݣһھϲʮǧҼҹȻԡӥΪ̣ϧһֱҲԵü벻ҶСȴ˻ԵʶˡСӥĽ
ҶĵһֹȻ򣬶һƽĿģЩ²⣬ԷͨԼСӥ丸ӥֻǡʮӥ͡ɹȡͬΪڵɣһ˫ȡ໥֮ôϤô֮ǰɹȡ˫ܾ֮ǻĵط
ҶǳЦСӥҲǸϲ֮ˣ䵽˵ĿıҪύµӢܡСԺаСᣬǲɷμأ
ҶСϷ᲻أһһ
һƽ´ϲĵСʿǻ˵£Сӥڱۻᣬ䡰Ϊҡɫһת崺磬ࡣ
Լһǰһ󱲿󣬶Щ˼棬СʿǸһƽԸ飬ָӣ֮Ҫá
һƽа͸ĳ׿պ㲻ͷأ¶ѡ

ҶԼ뷨˵չʱλСӥ޿޲ɵĵ˵ͷרĶԸļӣһЦ˵ἰڵɣ˵ʲôһ˫ȡᲢۣʵһֱҵЩڵĺڵɶ̫·
ŶҶ
Ҷֶе˽ĲࡣΪҸ곯͢ߴ󽫵Ĺϵڸ͢ԸҸİһֱûмϵƺڵ򽻵һֱϵĵǶ˵ҡʮӥǺڵеİ׵ҡӥشͨĽͨҪɹȡĲҶ⣬ĿԴ¾ЩԭϵˣҪЩӴ򽻵ûǡӥôУһƽǺ۹⣬ϵһ㣬ɹȡڡӥϧҶΪмûܰպû񲻿Ժúõթһʣ̵ô
ҶȻʧЦȻԼûϵɹȡ⣬Ҳ֪ʲô˸ռʲô˲ռʲôǳԶģʲôֻܿ¡
ô˵ɹȡںڵҲɣΪڵֵĴɣպõŵĵطǷԼһ飬թһֶ֮ΣҪࡣ
ôȷҶ֮ʦ׼šɽׯıأúõؽύһȺƶԮ硱սƻ޷Уµǵǣ롣
ҶļλʦУ˴ʦֲϲ֣ʦ֡ʦ㡢ʦ֣˽
ʦ갲ʦŵ֯ǿȫ̰Сᡣ
ӸҶױдİĴѰѣܲ룬ˡСӥչţСĺһʱ
ˡСӥͷǰţҶƶΪԼʦŵٴߵĵλһơ
ȻʦҪضͥڽ֮ϣҲʱơˡ


111 С
šᡱδٿĿյɡСӥչֱӲͺٵġСᡱٿˡ
ڤҵġڤʮӥġСӥչһɽׯġСڡţֻССӥչˡɽׯ֮棬Ȼǿ
СᡱӦƼ
ÿӢܶΪѡֻ֮գȴҲұԹ
գ꿡ܵᣬҶ˵СԺѰò£ֱĿæռˡɽׯһģСͥԺͥԺǸС䳡һ԰ؽһʯһ̨ͤ¥ﻨ㣻һｻ
Ҳûа취Щ˴СɵĵӣǺڵ϶Ľͣû¾Ϳʹһǿʲôģûʲôأǽؼɣֱȵ컹ѡ
ֻһʱµĴ򶷷ˡ
統УˡСӥչĿ֮⣬ҪҶΪʡŵ÷ѩĳ֣е߶֪ôһλǿоǱѩ˵ĶˣԳ书˵ļһżèҶ䣬Ƴ硢˳ֽѵǰǰſ¼ʮ
ˣҶ书׵ĵʿΪ֪ˡ
Ը˵ƣҶɰƽ֮⣬ҶЩѰˡ
ʱձˡ
һǻʵ۵Ķӻʸ̩һǡӥĶչ
˵УеĶ֮ʲôأ
£еĶ֮䣬ҲУʵүӻʸº͡ӥչ۷֮Ĺϵ۸ӣ˵һͬر߹֮ʱѣ빲ֵܣΪһλ˷Ŀɳ𣬶Կ˼ʮꡣ
˾ʹ˳ô
δء
չ۷Ȼ̣ܽ͢ڱ߹֮һֱΪӣΪ֮ʱһģһΪر߽裬ʮ겻䣬Ȼ͢Ըڸʸ˵Գ͢˵ǷԻʸ£Ȼڿ˵Իʸµǻһ췴ңĿŵıԼͬʱʮΡ
ʸ¶չ۷ɵĸҲꡰǸɸдչ۷ɣһθչ۷ɣûдɱɹǸٴγ֣мɱӥģ֪ϢĻʸºشݴʱʸ¸԰ݻ׿󣬱Լķŭ֮⡣ʹˡǸ󡱷ŷŹչ۷ɣһ·죬Ϊʮ֮֡һ˵ûлʸ£չ۷ûзʱ򣬱Ѿˡ
˽գ֮ϵѾ߰ˡ
ϵЩ߰ӵĶӣʱͬһϣ㶼ǼΪΣ㡰Сӥչ֮ˣҲⲻеľн
һԵİԴЦؿ棬ĻһһţûһСƣһˣһһСơ
ɢʯ֮״װ²ؼ֮״
ǶԾɫ˫úٻȴһָͷ˽ֱʱ䡭
ڣȻì²Ҷһܹ˵ģܹģԶԼѣԼȡмֵѣҪֽˣֻⳡ㲻ʰˡ
Ҷһˮƣ˵ɶŸʲôȾư
ҶаʲôʱϵľƱͣ£ƺ֮ʣЩ˵Ļź̸ˡ
ҶԼϻԾյ󻬼ǰЦš£ת˵˳̲סı˫正Цǻ֦ҲЦͣŮǲһСǰԴչˣΪŪλŮǣһƽڳû˵ֵĻ
һʱ֮䣬ｻַǷ
Ҷң¸֮߰ʣֽ⳶˻
ҶͻȻЦһ˵˼Щ²һԱ˵ġ˵ʸչ֣ǡӲԸӻһ˵ЦȤҪ˵ǶԵġӣǶӣôţԼ˵㣬̫̣ܽӦ棬ⱲҲûϢ
ʸ̩ôʱԴеγģҶĻ֮ͬҶ֣˵ǣҸôӣܵ˶ܲԣȫſܡҴСԼԼҾͲô
չһ֣ЦӶӶࣿӾһÿ㣬УǸҾͲҾҴ򹷣Ҿ켦
Ҷ˹Ȼ棬ȻǶΪԼӣ壬ƽʱûӷ£ҲûԼֹ顣
ҶһţתͷŻʸ̩˵ҼǵòʸӦ˵ΪӢ۱ǡӥ˰ɣ
ʸ̩ɫʱЩΣ⻰ȷʵ˵Լһ仰û뵽ҶȻ˵šӥĶ˵һʱЩԤϣڻǳϵҶ˵ļǣչǰһֱֵþӢۣܵʶչǰķɣһ¡
ʸ̩˻һ˵꣬չɫһɣеɫͬʱжλӵķҲ
˵úãҶЦνƽӥʶӢҲֵνӢۺܣûչӥˣǳӢۣʶӢ۵أ
áҶС˵úáһԵһƽʱصҶС˵̫ˣһ䡮ƽӥʶӢҲֵʹһ䣬ϷҪݻһ˵еĺӥ
СӥչӻܵõǰͣҸ֮ȻмҸԣڵɵУύıǡɹȡɣһƽһ󡭡ڵɵֶβбȫͬҸΪ׷˾ӡ
ŶлӥƷ֮
ͨǰһӥȻ۹ۣʼԵõӥһͱ˷쳣ͷչȥӥ񲻳˽ˣ֪ӥûȤ¸
Ҷ˵˻ʸ̩ﻰתչ˵ǰôᣬչ˵ӥġˡֻ˵֪İ˭أ
һʱ㶼ؿչ֪İ˭
չһ㶣ƳҶһۣҪʲôתһ룬⻰˵δǸģĻ
չһЦ˵ҸġˡУİˣǸӣƽʱȻԸ˵ҿܲţġˡǵľʵˡ
һǡһȻ֮⡣


112 Ԯ
Сӥչһϯ˵꣬ȫ˶Ǿȳ
ǻʸ̩ǴΪԾ
벻ӥԸȻƳ磬ܸʦĴʦУֻǰҲйⰡ
չ˾֮󣬵˵Ҹ˵ʵ۵Ϊ֮ʱر߽սΪҸͣǻ֮ʰ˳ң֮£ҸҲΪڵطȶ˼ҸԾʵ۵Ĺǿ϶ġҸ뾸ʵ۵Ҳ꣬󱲲˵лҲ׸ԣΪҸ뾸ʵЩĽᣬͬʱֲôԾʵֻǼҸغеİˡ
һ˵꣬˶ǻȻԭ⡰ˡô£ֻΪӥĸϲãǾʵ۵ĹͲ
ʸ̩̾һϿ˵벻ӥ˴ȣǶŵҲ˹ʣӥԼҸۣСܶʣŸһ˶ĲѡʴΨһ£ǵǻ֮ʱδ롮ӥͨʹͬİ·ÿǼڴˣ̾ڲѡ˵˴ʸ̩۾һչȭһ˵ӥؽ˾СȴΪֹ˼ɶұģʵڲСȻ򣬾ԡСܻʸ̩ԸˡСӥѣʲôʷ͢Ա֮ĺġ
áֳܸ̩Ϊѣչĳһ£չĳţԸύʸѡչϲܹӽѣδʮӥĵλɽˣλʱ䣬㸸ײϲҲ¡չСɥĸԼǿΪԵģ˭Ҳס
ӴЦռΪǢ
һԵһƽЦ鼫ã˵úúãӢۣϧӹԽܸɳɴµģ첻¡زµˡϷ򾴸λСӢһ
һƽȵɡ
ں󱲾ٱͬɡ

һΡСᡱҹʮ㿪ʼҲһ졣
ΪԮ硱ļƻѾ뱸ʼװˡ
ٹһ죬Ҫ·硱
ԭռƻٹ£ʽٿᡱӣ֮׼ôõʱ䣬Ϊټܲʢ¡
ݵشϣҪԶ뵺ʹź۾ԣҹ̣ҲҪµʱ䣬ɽׯǰһ㿪ʼԶطᡱϢԶɣȥĩͿʼݻ㼯Ľ֮󣬲ǰ˶죬ɽׯԴסУȫṩѾɽׯϳס£е˼֮࣬Ҳšɽׯ˲ٵ飬֮ǰЩɽׯǰ硱̽飬е֮һ
Ρɽׯ˾飬Ԯ硱νӥ͵Τүӣ˼Ѫһ˷ܣ˶Ҫżҳ˴Ѫ׼ڶɽׯڵָ֡
һ֮䣬ǧֺܣ˾Ԯ硱Ĵ֮СΤүӴʱޣܾʿľΤүӳ壬Ǽֱĺûᡣ
峿ɫ
ɽׯ䳡ϣͷܶƣǧ˵ֺܾۼڴˣ˵ȷɻķɻҪͷۡ
Ҷҿ˿һƬҲûУûָӵģ治̵֪ʱô졣ƾҺһɱɣ
Ҳûи֮ľٶ֪ʲôʱȺ㿪ʼڼֵĴ߰ߣҶǰʱŶϻ龰
ѵľǱվ
ȻûĵĽݣﵹǷֵһνġֿϭġ
ǣǰ׵ħƹ䣻ǰ̨ɽʿȡʤк֮£ħšԼ£䲻һԼδСȻͬһأѲħ׵֮Ҳܡڵ֮ǶԷַսһۺڰӦȫ壬ҹ
ЩֺܣһǸϼһһߺѡضϭģһȺ·
ҶΧԼѣҵǾ۵һѣ˶ǱȽмʶˣǰ龰Ҳһطֹ
˵缸ǾôһȺԴһŵ飬ʵҳôôأȺܴ𣿡
ҸɣҪھӪ仰֤ͷأжҡġչֵ˵
ɡԴһƲ죬Ҳҵģ
ɢʯĵؿչһۣʵӥ֪չڱǷأ
չΨһõıȭͷľǱ
һ󷭰ۡ
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һݣһʱдΪͬʱҲԻʸ̩ľ۹߿һСӣѧʶ
ֻҪƣԼ·ƫͲõӮ⡣
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Զƽԭ֮ϣ֮£һƬͷҫ۵⣬һžͭĴɮչṦһ·̳س߼ٱ
ٶ˵Ӵ飬ٶȼ죬ξȻ˿ң֮֮߳ѵ֮
ٸѵصĴУȻܹôƶͬʱֶβ䣬治µһţһסԴ̾˵
Ҷüͷչ˵ǿɲһͣǴ󷨡޺󡿡
ʲô˾ԺȻ
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113 սܲ
µġ޺󡿺ųµһɴµ޺ͬʱΪǿ
ֻǴʱɮˣȻȫǡԪ۷ߣһٴɫɮģ޺ߣӦеΪģǳɮġɮһΡ
ܹ޺ת죬ΪЩɮδߵĺ˲š
ܺãǿ󡭡ҶƵ߶һ䣬ȡʤһ֡
Դ΢΢һ̾˵Ҳòϳ̾ӮҲ˵

սǶϷûô򵥡
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áɽׯõĳΧҲеͻϰ˵ܰǧȫɢඡ
֪ӳˡԴԹ˵
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Դûнͣ˳һָתͷ֮ʱĿؿһ¿ģֺܣǰ߹һӵĳϽȾɫŮӣ˸ڣɧһ˦ͷк
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ҵӵܰԼˡɽׯ÷ѩ˳ɷԹһ𣬾ۼΤЦеߡһ֮ѹ״ӵݣµɮмӣ˵ΤЦˡ
СӥչҲУܳΪָ֧ӲһԱչȻܾΤЦ룬ҶǼһ
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ֽ֮ˣʮһ飬ֳ˼Сӣִֻڣר̹Ĵ̿ͽзͻϮɹ˶Էж̹档
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СʦҶ˫ʦ֮йۣܵһԵָ㣬ʤͷ


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ŴĺҶڵǧ߱˶ĺ󷽡
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ǿֽӳìֵ󣬼мųìӣʯǿȽֽ̡̹ڶԷովɢУ׼湭ʱ򣬻ߵĵһѾͷϡ

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115 ͥŲ
޺󡿵ͻȻöԷͳ˧һҡ
ϵȺָ֣ûϵԷʹóս
һֱ̹ľԻߣǿܵľȡʤɴʱԷôһ书֣Ȼ˱ȼҪƣڸϣߵǧֱ̹̼߽⣬ȫܿ⡣
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Žǳֳַ̹֧ǧ˶ӵĸ񶷱ʼԮԼǰͬʱво
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Ѫȵɱ֮УҶһ˿еƮ֮飬һ·ţŷԵȷѪ޸ϵ
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116 
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ҶĹˣµӵ߽γһƷΣεסһ򣬽й̹սʿɱڽ£λʦʦ㣬ػһԣʱԮյĵӣвӵĸɱ˵Ŀʮԡ
ԶСӥչ˲ͣڿ֣צӰÿһͬʱɥʮʵ׵ΧԣΪ䱣ݻ
˫ҲǱߣǵǸϣһ²ɱţһƽػڼ˵ԣֻǱֶԸˣ
Դɢʯʸ̩ͣ಻ԶҲоÿһ嵽ǰ̹սʿɱֺ飬书ԸߵĻʸ̩ʱؾԮһ¶ɢʯһ˵ıҪɱ˵ıǿ̫࣬ڰԴȫõģΣգļ黫ҲӦѡ
ڻһߵУӢĶ̹֧࣬ǧ˶еĸҲôˣڼƬ֮㿪ʼЩס˵ɱѾȫɢңʿҲ˵͹ȣʱּӵ̹սʿ߱ò˶ˡ
Ҷеù̹֣Ȼ֧ǧ˶ӵеİٷ򳤣ӵеǡ۷Ϊáڤ񹦡ɣڸһöޱ
ǰ󲻹ǰʱ֮ڵ顣
ҶһеʱҶһ̹սȫˡ
̹Ȼ˸ոճһ룬ǧӵսԱľ棬˭ҲԸ⵱Ǹ
ۼʤǧ̹սʿתܣĺúǣȱ׷
ߵĸṦȽϸߣƬ̱׷ܵĵˣӱָףתۼ䱻ɱ̹սʿ㳬ˡ
սϣȻҶһȡȻһ˵ˡ
̹ûеֵס岻һߵĹԼĸ񶷱ȱ̹ǰǧìҲһߵڽţмƵӰ죬һ̹սʿҲ⣬֮ƣһ
̹о֮ǰĴɮȻͦʣȻΪֵ̹ĲսƵתҷ޺ȻɵػתҾڵӦͼ֮ٶ𽥼ӿ죬ͭƿյĺ֮ԽԽ죬ͬʱҲζЩƵе̹徫񣬻ԽԽ٣ԽԽ졣
ʱ򣬾̹оаǧûжԵԵľʿʹʱ㳲¶Ҳ޼¡
ʱ̣뵱Ȼģֳ̹ˡ
ǿߴ̹о˧ڿնǿų¡¡ȳŴµġ޺ȥ
ǿߵУһ͵ĴӸ֣ǰ棬µɮһֹһȥ֣͵˻
ּµ󷨵û֣ǼΪŵֱ˻˹ȥ˫ֱкڹһһԾ޴ĺɫ֣͵ȥ
֮µɮȻͬʱһȣеͭðɫ⣬ʮͭһ޴ĽɫָͭŴľ޴ɫơ
ʮɮıڶɮͬʱֵǰͬŵıֱȻһ˲伯ϵϰɮĹһͬ۵ʮ˸ͭУеľ޹͵һǣһ˲ִ˰ٱͬʱһʮɮͬʱ𣬿нɫ޹һͻռ䶼ˡһǾ޴ĺɫƱһͬʱһ˻̹ǿ񱻴ɵİһΪһڹ˳ȥ
벻ǡ޺󡿾Ȼм˹һǿܣ㵹ǡеġǾۻ᡿ֻ⡾Ǿۻ᡿ǽ߸˵һ𣬶ǰпܹϰ˵һ
ҪǸղŵķЩæп˶ܽеһ֪Ǵ޺ߵ룬һǡ龳ĸֶһˡ
޺󡿣ֵһ󷨡
Ҷؿſз£̲סһ䣬Сİˡ
ߵĸʦֶһºһźӰ¡һڵҳһĴӡ
ǰۿǱɮһշɵ̹Ӹ֣û뵽ȴǱֱҵ
Ǹǿ˫ã˫۱ΣعǶȥһӵ֧סγ˫ۿһۣŬҪ˵ȴǡۡһѪȻ˼صˡ
ҿˣֶʹĴ񡭡
Ҷߣ첲ӣ˵ʲôΧҵϣһ˲ý
Сүҵġڤ񹦡Ҫˡ


117 ߽
ˣһֱڴ£תǧۣδԸ֮ϲȴʱ򣬶ͷ
Ӵôأ
ԼǸˣ
Լգʱڣսߣˣ¾Ҫһϵʱ䣬ܹͷšޱ
ʱҴھԼʵʱսҪպŵõսʵõĶࡣ
һǿߵҶʵڵġԪ죬졣֮ʱҵģ߾֮󣬴ᱻ塣
ÿһξ˵嶼ҪһϴԱӦΪӴǿΪӵйб
໥ģܹʹþ޴ͬʱԼҲҪܳܵסЩĻʣһɽѵһȭѵľԼࡣ
ͺñõȥһʯһٴǵҲǳܲסҲ˲ʯͷġ
ԣ徳ʣҲűǿġ
ҲΪʲôǰ֣ôһд򵽣ضôӣ˻ûԭ
Сʦܣô£Уʦ½ʵ
ף֣ʯ˹һۿ˵̹֡
½ҵ˻һۣͬʱͷȵڵӻ
Ҷмؿλʦֵܡ
½࣬Ҷȵˣʱ䲻࣬Ͽ졪
ҶһͷһץסԷڤ񹦡ˣǸֻйբĺˮһ㣬ӿҶڡ
Ҷ¡¡죬ھͬ׸߿ϵһĳ£ĵͣ
ãԷûģ̫ǿˣȵڤѺľϲҪҡ
Ҷ̽뻳յõĺ켶ҩ軤£һ¶ǣ΢⸡֣ס˾ҵĶֹͣԷٶȶسҶѨ汻ڤ¯飬Ϊġڤ»عҶĵ

ս֮ϣ¡޺ʵͣԶԿʵ̹֮˺Ȼɫа취Կˣֻһ㣬½ˡ
ʣµǿߣ̱
µڸ˵Ӧǲٵġ
ЩֲԿǽעת˸ķϣٶȣɱеɮ
ǰķսɮѾ˴ŰˣЩֽעٴμеЩɮϣҪĥƵ
޺󡿣Ը١书ߡµ󻬵ĸ֣ҲԼİ취
֮䣬һŵƣٿȻչȻһתһ䣬˰˸ӦСԲȦһһһϮǱУһסҪٳˡ
ʱҲԶҡ޴֮ʱ̹ͳ˧˹עһľ
̹оİ˸ǧ˶ӣѹ˹ȥĿ겻ںĴɮ㽫ġɽׯһͬȥ
ֻǽȴ̹ͳ˧Ҳû뵽飬Լ֮٣ȴսľ棬һ˿ת
֮ļѹ£Ǹʮġ޺󡿣ȻͰ֮ƣһʱ
ԭǡ޺󡿱Ͼֻǽ󷨣תڱ仯ԽϸĶԽǺİ취󷨴ûôള֮ˣûеɾӦս֮ϡ
򣬡޺е̹սʿеÿһ䣬ܼѹס޺󡿵ת㡾޺ٴתһƶĿռȱʧתٶȾͻ󽵣Ҳô̹սʿһ飬վôɱҲɱһͬʱƵĴҲΣա
ǣӰƵ֮ǿڳֳ֣̹ɱȥ
Ž𡭡
̹ܵսʿʼмλû㼯
ɽׯǧӣڼ̹ǰ֮Ҳǰƽս֮С
Ҷһսϣƹ˵ͣͣûжĹκεӰ졣ڡСӥĴ£һĻߣʼ̹˧λóȥ
ĻߣͬһǯӣضΣݺǯ˹ȥ
սʱ̵

һ̹֣ġ׳Ƥޣƣɫ·ڣƲ
˫͵ػӳͬһǰһƤޡžϵһ𣬽ǰġڵߣΣһʱѪ죬Ϊҡ
˫ٿȻջأǰԶľڣͬʱ˫ͬߣʱžžĴ첻ڶ䳤ܹΧڣһһ䡣
׵ľ룬˵Խ֮ȦΪиڳΧĻߣն˵ϣʹԶһˣҲڴ˽ĵط
ΧΧ˻ߣһ˸ǰ
½󣬺ϾشȺǰǰסȥ·Ļߣ˾ע£߽֮Ȧ
̹ǿߵĿٿȻһǿ߶ǿĸӦһ˲䣬֪ԼͬΪڵĸ֣Լ£ͬȼĶ֣ʮĿȡƺʤġ
֮ǰʮʱ䣬ԼѾֵ֤һ㡣
̹ǿߣȻǣϲƵ̬ͻȻһ䣬ԭº͵ĻƹͻȻñ岻ɫ׵ϣž죬ǰĻ˽ɫ׵磬ƶȻ̨ס
̱еԱޡǳȡ׺ԽƳɣ̺ǽתΪ׵ܣõסԵ
׵ڶεֿͬȡʤ
˽죬ҲȻ뷨˿ΪԼʤеġ
ʱѾ˶ԷĹΧĲȻʣִݣ·ԼСԺɢһ
͵ĿֱԼĶԷǰٴ׼ȷ̤һĽ⣬Ȼ˿Уӯģ·һѱ䰲׵һ
˵֮ʱɢٿȻһ䣬ʢĻĻƮɡ
һϮƮһ両ơ
̹ǿߺٺЦ˫ɫŰƾȥĲ룬ȻƵĽ֡ԷܹһôԷᱻԼġԱޡססԵıԽһжٻɻҡ
ɽı仯ȴı˲þ
ԷĽһ䣬Ʊ¡
ҪƶͻȻͬײ֮ϣҲǸƣ¡
£ײֳâѹߴ磬׹棬ñ޷仯סԷļƻա
Ҳûп滺Ľ⡣ɢɢ⣬Ȼ䣬˶ɫĽ£һִ΢΢ů㽣
绨绨лٿ֮䣬㡣
һ̹ǿߵؿϣһѪ𽥱󣬶Ѫţ


118 սʤ
һ֮еĳٿȻ飬һ֣ʣµĽ׹ϵѪˮС
ǰͨĳܲס˵һ֮顭
ߵǿߵߣȡЩϧ˵ǿϧˣ˲ûʵӳ
ֵͷһ۵ص̹ǿߣ·˵ͬһĸһ룬ȴ̯ƽ˸ȫ˵ҴĹأ
תһԶΧһŵµӣһЦ૵ƺǸɵû͸ĽСӣܹ˵ԡޱķʽָ˻ԼҲƵģһǧϾһ͸򣬻ԵøպлỹȰȰСͽܶЩҸЩͶȡɵĺá
뵽˴˴תӯųطȥ
ս֮ϣѪɣɱҡ
̹ͻսʿս֮ɱսżִƬĿյأֻ׽ɱӿޱߡ
ǿ֮ս쾳ʿ³
֮⣬ɮΤЦԽһ֣ս֮չѪȲɱµġ޺ưܣСÿʮ˸ɮһС͵󷨣ȫֿ̹ĹʮɵСƣ̥ڴȻøȫ½û֮ǰ͵ˡ
ΤЦУӮǰ̹ǿߵڻ£Էڵĸ֣ϣȲԼ쾳ڴɾ磬ȡʤʱ¡ֻû뵽ǣԭΪȡʤģǴµɮû뵽ֻһеļ̧֮ͷٿ֮ʱǸ˾ȻѾȡʤʩʩȻսرߣ̹ӵм͵Сȫƣսʿȡսơ
ΤЦа⣺벻˵ʵǿȻڴɮ˽˶ֲ֣õλɮƳ硣
ֻһƬ̣λɮѾȡȫʤˣȱΪλɮֻǷסʧߵţַס˸ԵĶ֣Էܻ׽
ǶλɮʴȣӦͽս
ֳһʱȻʣΤЦ컹δսļǿ˵֮һˡΤЦһʱɵôΪΣУʹײʹõľУԭХĹƣ͵һȫٿȻգһʱ֮侹Ȼջڡ
̹ǿ漴һȻ֪Ǻԭ򣬵˻ȻһȭΤЦЦһڶִвףȴ֮ʣһȭӭϡ
ء
ȭһ
ǣ˵ľȻ̹ǿߣΤЦ졣
̹ǿ߾öԷȹ죬ȻסԼϮȫ֮󣬶ԷԼһˣдϲЦһҪ׷ͻظеոԷƴһǵֱ쳣أҲʹɻ̽Ѱ֮£ʱһ
ֻԼ־Ȼۿɱٶ֮£ѸٱûҺڼӲʧȥ֪գʯͷƻӣƬ̱㵽˼򣬷Ų
ʱԼֶһʯͷ
ΤЦʱٴϣ˫ƻ̹ǿߺȻӭƶһƣʯȴȻ飬ΤЦϮһƼ£ȻڶԷؼ䣬һ£漴ƣһѵ̹ǿߵʬ׷ɳʮ׵ľ룬ء
ΤЦѽб£ɵһ
ؼʱ̣ԼһײֵġʯһЧŵ˲ʯȡʤ
̹ǿߵİ̹İܾѶǿ߼˶ͨʿĹ֮У˰ʱֲ̹סʼˡ
дǧʼдػˣڻǿߵǿ֮£ȫǧ̹սʿ޺ɢӣû֯ʼӪӪš
̹ʿǧˣӪǽʣӪŽգ׸ߵӪǽȴסֵṦһҲ̹ʿΪӪأʼһ߽ţһ߻䵶ӿӪš
Ӫָ̹ӹҲһ££ۼӪſڵ̹ʿҺ졭
һͬӴк͵һɸɱлȼźɫĹ棬ͬʯһ㣬Ȼ䣬ӪţӪžֽһ㣬кƣƲȻӪ֮Уһɱѵ𣬲һܹĵȥӪмڴ˵̹ʿеӪԱɣӪֽͬƬһ𣬲֪˺δ
䶨֮ʱӪصģһ˶Χ׾ڣɸɾɳûκζĴˡ
̹սʿǰˡ
ǧ̹ʿȫͶлһ֣Ҳ֧ӵָӹ١

᰹ȡ׳սǰĸʱĴս̹ʧܶա
ʤĻռ̹Ĵ˴ӪأɨսֻһǧûĹط²Ӫأٴμᣬ᰹ȡ
ʱٴ̵Ļ߼û⣬ͨʿûˡжչһвһĹ֮٣ʹֹͣǶѡ
ֻû뵽ǣոٴμϣ׼Ĺȿڳŷ棬ڵĻԮͻȻӵǰĻرǧ岿ʿħŲķڣһһ˳ȿڴӪȻһӪկȡ·ļơ
ΤЦӵ֮󲻽⣬Ҳٶ´˷ֻأʵڿ͸«ľʲôҩ
֮ǰ̹ܼ֮ʱЩԮ̹ܣӪկˣǲɱħʲô˼
᲻ûϵǻӮѸأһСŵش
ΤЦҡҡͷ˵ħŵĹ磬ⳡսʼտ¶ǵļ֮£ô˵û׼򲻿ܵġǵû׼ҲǸոնӪկʱ򣬱Ѿ˹ȻԷĲѼϣ߿
ȺһֹͣȻ˭Ҳ²͸ԭ
ħڹ̹
һ˹ȴ˲䴫ÿ˵Ķ
ƹ۹ˣһɱһͬǿߵĸ֣Ԯ߲не֮һ֮ǰսɣһӮ˻Ԯ˵𾴡
ʱ˵һȴ˵ĺġ
ӷ𣬡ʩʵΪдһأ
˵ȻһЦ˵ħأΪԴȡһǿԿ϶ģħ̹ĺ˵µĺֻǻöѣֻʱģӼλʹ֮ǰ鱨ԿħžҲ𼾼ңԸ;ԼʵȴΪ¡䱳ʲôıƶȴ˿²͸ˡ


119 
ͣ˵ķ˻ͷʾͬ⡣
ΤЦλɮԽһ£˵۵ʲôͼıǶҪԴ˵Ĺܱͣ˵ĹǣܽǶ⴦С֮ڣɻʿϼĴ
ΤЦ컰䣬Ӫ⡰䡱һ죬ɫĳϢӪŷд˽ͬʱһƬͨ죬͸Ӫɼ·лɽ緢һ㡭
һЦ֮һЩĶ洫дµɮˣ֪ɷȸһλĺѰ
ɫһ䣬λɮѻΪ⣬ײӪʳ嵽档
ΤЦɫ԰ףħȸ
ӪȺʱ󻩣æѰҶ֮ء
ħãʿ֮Ψֲ벻˵е˾Ȼǰƴɮ֮࣬ȴҲǼ硣
˴λվĴΤЦ죬һЦسʶȥɷԹ󣬾㶼һص˳ȥ
Ⱥ㿴ңҿһۣһͬΤЦ졣
ΤЦ챻һѹʱȺԼհģɵһЦ˵Թ˭ξԮ硯Կħš壬Ϸ־ڱʤȻа书ǿкξ壿಻ϧֻҵսһҡɽׯһٸֺգ
Ⱥһʱ֮Ѫڣ׷װγҵԸ׷棬ħаƲ
ߡ
ΤЦһȶȥ

Ӫ֮⣬ٲ֮⣬һۣͷɫȸƣҵϢµɳʯʼڻٲľ⣬˾ëЩɢһ˿Ľζ
ȸϵĴۣҲ֪ʲôƳɵģȻȵ֮£ڻֱȼ֮¶һûӰ죬ֹޱȡ
ֺۡñ֣
ȸµϷޡ
λɮһ׿棬ϽۣһͷĿź̴顣
˳һƷΣңңԿȸơ
ȸһɨ¶ʧЦı飬̾ԭλɮʮ겻ɣǺǣӦǶλɸʤˡĽöѰЩ̲סҪɱ˶λˡ
ȸһ˫߰ϸĿĹâᣬ˵ȴɱڵĺݻ˾˹а죬Ҳ˸еĿ־塣
Ķλɮڵľ֣ͬΪ龳ȸẦ¡
˫ֺʲ˵ܵȸ˿أƶɮ浽ˡĴԿաĵزҲ̲סҪһˡ
һߣȵȸҵĵİɣƶɮţԸ̸С
ȸЦӮô
˵꣬͵һǣƣ
˲Ϸһ֣סϮ࣬նħұ֮Ҳ˭
λɮһ𣺡նħ뵥һϣɱħˣ
ȴԮ䣬һΤЦ졣
ʱΤЦͷǿڴ˴Եãһܻߵͬ˾ˣƺԼһ࣬˳Ҳôҵĵӱ׳
ȺеһƽɫأͷΧļ˵ǼСඣһζ֣ԷǿߣǸȸǿףë˼ңͻɥ
˫歡ϣлʸ̩СӥˣһͷǡȻѪҲ龳кڵĸֽ
ǸȸϵĻ棬žûţôԶľ룬̵ƤҪ˹ֿˮݵ³ˡ
ʱΧܱߵģ϶ǡϵĸˣ΢һΪվѾ˸ˡ
갢Դҿһʵ֣Ǹƹ۵Ĺ˻ôµһˣҶأ

Ҷĵһɾ޴ԵƿٴζУġѨػۡһѪ³ٿȻһɣơѨٰͨ˱ġѨ
嵽ǰβѨ֮ͬǰһһѪڶȾǽڣѨһԴٴλع鵤
ˡءƣ״ͨζ
⡰ζֻСԪҲǺ۷ĸ֣ܹ㹻Ϊƣǲ쾳ҪֶΡ
֮䣬ȻѭҶʱɵǰͨζߣԳһСء
ȻѪٶ¾ĺ칸Ѫ³֮󣬷رһƬ֮
͵žҶٽԼľ粻ͣ
ͻƣͻƣͻơ
ʱҶԼľˡԪĵ췽ֹͣ
ҶһХȻθʮ׸ߣչ˫ۣһӿ䡣
ͬ˶ϲɫֻǴХУСʦܵأ˼ȼ
Ҷһأ˫չ˸ĹؽڸƵһ졣
ĺɣҶܵ޾ɣӽżϣ˫ȣپԼļ׵һڽڵϴݣֱ粿ͷ󵽴ָ⡣
Ҷٽʮָ߬һӴٴͷ¡
ͷţҶ˫Ż˽ʵĵ£ֱûСȡ
ʮָݵ˫ţٴ˫Ŵݵͷ
Ǽ׵ȫɡ
ж
ڵڼţ֮Ҳڼٵĸ죬ԱӦͻľ޴
ֽ֮٤ǵķš
ҶոյĶеһΡ
˫ȭأ࣬ɣҶеԼڵ䶯ͬʱȫǽҲڼԼĽƤĤڼٵͣ顢ᡢʹڶ⣬ѪĤżΪϸ΢ı仯
ڵÿһϸÿһάּ仯Уı䡣Ҷڵһ˵š
ÿ˶п۷壬֮ȴ֮٣ԭ׶ζڸĲĺʵĸߵ͡
ԽߣɲļʱԽ󣬶;ںʱʵǸṩ㹻ȥԼʡ
ЩֻλӴȴ᲻ûһȥѽ죬ǿ죬ճɾҲ޵ĺܡ
ͺñһװˮˮͰһͰ̫С̫ƣˮʱҪôӲ˶٣Ҫôǰ©ˮˡ
Լ뵽ԪʮʱбҪúôһˡ
ӦðѡúһԼᵽ۷壬պ죬δҲߵøԶ
Ҷڵĸһɶʱ䣬һֹ˰ʱ
Ҷڻչ֮󣬼ʦʦΧ
Сʦܣ㵽ʲô磿ʯΪҴҵʵ
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Ⱥ÷ѩȸɨ˲䣬еԼ·һߵһ£ʱñ˲ðһ亹


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ڷ÷ѩͬһʱ̣ȸϵٿȻò֮ͬǰаֻ˸еͲĻôʱȸȫһ˷ܶױĻˡ
ΧȸΧѸٱ쳣񱩣ȶȸΪģܿʼĵ

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ȸһߣԲ˵Ϸȫ쾳ǿߣ
ʿһǰǴλɮˡΤЦ졢ɷԹ˽ֿȡ
ǰԮΤЦʮǣǱӱܣǣ÷ѩȴȻԭأС񺮡ʣ̫Ǿϱ񺮡ĺǿסı
÷ѩҲԸе˲ףǸȸԼһۣڶظеһ˿ʱͱĺֵסͻˣ÷ѩˣ˳һԼȫûʵеĽ
ҽ˶ǱӴܣǻߣ̹ķ²ȫȸ˵ӣɢӪӴܣȫ˵ֿ
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ȸŬϸ۾һ˷ܵһָԶ˵÷ѩаЦһᡭǸŮ˽ңҷһ·
÷ѩԷˡ
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ӷ𣬡кضŭԭƽͿüΪ࣬ȸǳ룡
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ͬһʱ̣ɮͬʱ֣գϮĻ档
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ѵȸ͵ĳֻһô
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һЦе࣬һűɢǵСĻ棬ȻһȼյĴȸ̽ӣһ絶Ȼʧȥƽеĺ󾱡

ͬкһľ죬ȸƻֳֵϽۣƱֵͬʱӼǰ㣬ȴֱȸλá
ȸЦУһȴߵ˻֮У澢ɢĻУȸٴʧ

ľˮйж棬ʵǽεһּȸ书
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÷ѩıѩأȸʱӿЩӵж湦ĸǣܽκεطԼƽʵ
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ǣһƬĺХУǿ߶һ֣ǿ֮ս˲䱬
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Ҷͬŵʦֵ˸ոյӪſڵʱ򣬴ߺ̹²ǱӳӪţԴð̣ͷȫһѬǵģЩ˻صˡ
ҶãһУһǡͰѽڿչ᰿չOʵô£ʲôأ


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ȻܲԼƸֱʱ¸ɱһҲֵɷ͵¶˾ģ÷ѩûüԵʱһ˦÷ѩ˳ȥԼзתص棬ʱϣѾһö׹䡣
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˵֮˵ֽ϶һƣһ¿ݸߵĳгɷ÷ѩǰṦԾϷе¹


122 Яħ
һҲһƶ¶԰ĺһŽһķ滹ӵ󺺣ʱһ´ɷһЦȻ㲻ϾɫҲǸоǣֵҵĿζ
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ɷ΢΢һЦȻ˵ĲϺƷҵġҶơȼƷѧϧįˣ˵ٲܿȻƷˣ벻쾹Ȼڴ˿

ӰҶļλʦʦһͬ
һأʯĴɤűСӣôлҶ찮ħӼһˡ
ҶȻչһǵͨ죬ٷϻϥã뿴ұѪĻͱʡ
˸æϥãҶһۣ˵˵ˣȸһ
Ϊʲô
Ǽѩ
һɫѵС쵰
÷ѩҶڳƺ˫Ϲӿ֮ɫޱôѹ书


123 Ϣ
ЩҶʾ÷ѩϥá
Թ÷ѩһʣҶĸǰ
Ҷ˫Ƶס÷ѩķ۱ڱӿɡޱ÷ѩھ֮ϡ
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Сʦܣ治㱻ɵʯҶļ佱ûˣɡ

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128 ԭί
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129 ֮
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ȸһӰܲˣԽڶһʣҵĵ˰


130 ׾үү
ħȺһͻȻ֣ȸֹһɫļϸ粨˰ĵзֳ룬ͬʱֳģǳ֮ˡ
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˾ͽؿȸȻ˵òҪң³Ĺһˣڵ㣬ҳʸ񶼲䡭
ȫȻ㶣ԭȸ˰ҵ˾ͽʸûС
ȸɫ쳣ѿûзûзϡҲû޷ϣΪԷ˵ʵ
ҲҶ֣ȫʢʱڣҲһҶ֡
ΪԷ˾ͽ壬˾ͽ壬ʮ塣
ΨһһԸԵᡰµһŵˡ
Ժյݣ¡˴ŷ֮һ˾ͽԭɼ̳з֮λ·ʮ򣬸ɵйֻĵΪȻλȥֻΪ֮ۡ
֮Ȼۣ֮һСľͻ׹¡භκأءҲԼأһǵǼΪ˵ɣԼĴڶû壬Ϊ˵š
ĵ̫䣬̫ʼգǹһˡ˾ͽҴҵʱգ˾ͽȴʮûлȥģֻĵĽĹ¼š
˾ͽʮʮ굶ѵôȻҡѾʮһˡòʮǰһ㡣
㿪ʼСһϰεʽǰεʣÿҪΣһʮ꣡
˵ĽԼûб˵Ļô˾ͽԼûУݵµģֻһѵҲֻԼˣɾ
һˣһѵ˭ƥУ
ȸҲܽһϧҡûҲҡ
ͽȻ˾ͽȥδ
ħŲȴֵʿˡ
ЦΨһһܾǰ߿
ӷ˾ͽ̴Խ
˾ͽȻͣɻͷӲϿһ˿͵ֻȻ˵Уסҡ
һ㶣ǺЦ˾ͽ̴ԽˣҵħŽ棬ڴѣ˾ͽ̴ԽʩԮ֡
˾ͽһûб飬˵ʲô£
תѲԸ£ŲȻᶨ˿ǻǧ˫κϣ
ȺȻ󻩣ħ֮˿Ȼ֣ۼľ棬ǡ̫˵Ԥˡ
ʲôˣ
Ȼȣ
ޣʲô

ҶʱҲЩɵôλԶĸϹΪ漾ҳͷô
ɵɵתͷͬ͵÷ѩʵ㲻˵ˣǾоôôǲ·˰
÷ѩյҲ֪ɱǼ֣ôͲأ
ΪǼ·˰ɣԴһԾӣֱ̫tmdˡ
Ǽ֣ԾǷŷģۿһҪȥ϶ǻصģùĳˡĵֻ֮˵á
ү
˾ͽǰѵвҼ˹ᰵ룬ǰԮǼҵôɷ̲ס˼ᰵͷ
˾ͽٿȻվŭȻͷӲϺе¶ŭı飬˵ҲǱϼëһΣעһηԸֻҹûҪҾˣкθϵ
ɷȺٴλȻ
ԭλ˾ͽǱģĿΪ˾ԮңλȻϷ
᰼ȻҪ硱ҾˣĶԼˣھȲԮңһ£Լ޹ء
Ⱥһʱް취˾ͽȻˣֱȿڣۼ˾ͽ弴ȥһڣ˾ͽ岻ͣҲٿȻ¶ŵ
үүѩ
һٴȫӢۺܡȺڶǡɵ
ˡˣүү
ҶҧͷԾؿߵ÷ѩ
ȸ𾪣Ǻ𾪣Ƿǳ𾪣ǡ𾪾
ǸԼеѾͷȻ˾ͽݣ
ͻȻ֮һɿ־ͷȸܿ˵ĺԼԴƮƮȥӭХšù
ǣȸעⳡе龰ʱ򣬿ʼˡ
ǰһ˾ͽѾ÷ѩĸǰһϲ磿㣬㣬ôˣ
÷ѩʱȻһĺߣ˵үүȥˣŮ÷ѩСѩ
˾ͽ座Ȼ𾪣ˣҵŮˣ쵰ļᰣȻûиңʲôʱ£
÷ѩ֪Ǹñ˺ãǺЦĺã̾һ˵ûʮˣ⹫ģȥˣûҵ
ʮǰ˾ͽ¶ɫŰһ̾˵ˣʮǰȥУ˰귽Ż벻һȥһأ˷ǡûˣûиϵŮҲûˣҲڡ㡭Ҽǵ㣬Сʱһ㣬û뵽ôˡѩģʱ򣬾үүһߵġ
β÷ѩȺһĺߡ
ֲһﲻϲ˵ԭ˵ôʲôСʱһߡⲻ˼ô
ô˵÷ѩȴһůͻȻ֣ԴʶҶ֮󣬹ĺͰˣԽԽˡ֮̿ʣǼů
·֮ˣ÷ѩȻܲסӵؿ
÷ѩǰˣþʧ롣
Ҷæȥ÷ѩᣬȴǿ˾ͽһ
С˭ֶŵģһ㡭
үү侲Ҷæ÷ѩĳƺѩδ򡭡
÷ѩʱͨ졣
˾ͽ棬ĵƾ㣿عǡüۣҼѩô
Ҷʱҭ˵㱻Լĭ
÷ѩһ£ΪЦ
Ҷ˲ϱ÷ѩת䣬ʱӻͳС챾˾ͽȻ֤


131 뿪
Ҷһó֤ݣûܵɪһ£㱻˾ͽֶһǵ꼾дµ飬ȴҶѺһɫƤ棬滹ɧдš֤顱ĸ֡
ֻһ۵˾ͽ壬Ȼɫһѽ֤˺룬ȵյϼëҲڣȻұŮˣҲϹĲΪˡ
ǺƤֱ֤ӱ˾ͽ崧˻һ˫ӥĿһҶ˵ת÷ѩһϲı顣
ľͷһ˾ͽôһбġҶȻᣬȻǱȽ˵ˡ
˾ͽһ÷ѩ˵ѩĪޣүү⣬˭۸㡭
ʱȺҲ֪ԭ˾ͽʲôûУ룬ھôһСѾͷ
÷ѩĵ׸жͬʱҲĵ͸֮ˣһָħȺף˵үү۸ҡ
˳÷ѩһָħʧɫȻ˺¡һµƽϵף⡰˾ͽȻħͷ˲֮Ϊеӡ
Ƕô˾ͽĿתǰˣħȺͷ޺
ûǸ¡ͷģͼı졭ףȸأ
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˵ĿٴѰҵȸʱʮ֮⡣
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Ǹ򳤳һڶħȺ׺һ£һȺܾҰѼƵأɢ
ߣ
˾ͽ߳ĵ涸Ȼʣͬʱʵһǻصһ
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ҲûܿѵӣЩڵµˡ
һ죬һɫļϸĲƵض·һֳ顣
ҶؾһŲƬƬϲӰ˾ͽһһѼֱӽƬֱӼ룬ֿģƬеˡ
˾ͽһ̫졢̫ħȺ׸һڷɣһ㵽ˡ
һƵǴӰлṦõġ˵ģֻǻȣһģǻʣӦģض
ȻƼ⵴ѸɨǰħŴ򣬲һֱ˶һ㡭
Ƭ̵ľ֮˻
ѪȪ
ҶϱӼϰĶũͬʱˮ龰Ȼ죬ǰһƬˮӰٶ׵ľ룬ǳƻá벻ֻּѪѪǲӣģǧͷ
һϰεʽһʽУ˾ͽΪϲһУҲΪ򵥵һС
ֻһǰεʽ˵һʽ˶ѧûһУ˶õóһУû˾ͽΪΪ򵥵һУ˳̶ȡ
Ϊ򵥵һУ£ǾУɱС
ҶȻ䷢Լֽһ
¡
˾ͽһ쵽˼£˼£ǡһϰεʽ
ʦ齫ϵ۵˼£¶һ
ԼĽʲôõ˼أ
ƺԼѧܶ࣬ӣõĶܲ˵ʵûһѧһ£ȱݣĳŸ߼ѧԽ˵ġ
ҶƺֿһԼʵͨ
䡪
Χûвħŷںʿˣȫǵɥʧǿ־壬ų
δķڿʼɢӡ
˾ͽһֹǰʮֻϻ˵ģԲ˵ŵģȽţΨһ򳤣ΪˣΪİСΪṦߣһƣǲͷƤ˳ȥʱ̱˵ϣʺһӡ
˾ͽĵؿһۣҲڶۣΪУһ۵ʸǷ
δ֣һڵȥ֡˻ҽš࣬ôҽелŵĵ㺮
ɱˣҪɱˣûˣûˡ
󡱱˵ӣʹĲҽУǰǳѪ׷׵ͷСֱӷˡ
ƨѪˮڣŬվȴȷһصʬͷӵ񣬸ӵĿ־塣
󡱷ˡ
˾ͽٲһ۵ϵʬ壬ӲдδȺף˵ЩһӣٳڶЩδķˣûзֱ
ߡ
˾ͽ÷ѩһ俴һԱߵҶٲκˣȿȥ
Ҷ۵Ŀһһǣ˵Щôı׷֡
ҪͬţЩץߵ÷ѩѾקһ£ʾϽߡ
ҶϽüŪ۵ظʦǽһԼ˼ಽظ˾ͽ
ǧߣ޷ȫ˾ͽԮڣ˾ͽһ˴ڣʤȴǧûд¡޺֮󷨣޷֮ЧضԿ˸߾ָ֣ҶԷ书ߵȸѾ֪ߣʣµﻹпԶԿĸأ
߶չߣµ޺ҲȫΪ
ʣµĺ֣Ȼٶˣظ˾ͽΤЦ졢һƽԹ÷ѩҶǰţСӥչ𡢶ɢʯԴʸ̩˽󡭡
ССһԮڹڵʱһƵţǺת湥ǵ̹езԮ
ȻǰĲҾ𺳡
Ũ̹졭
ᰱĳͷȻʧأŷӵ̹սʿϳͷųųŴ˫ʬѵСɽһˣŨڱȼȻ̹ӱܿͼжϳŴؾ·
ӵչ˼ҵսżл𣬺ĳذǽ̹˲أսļӵͬھ
ɱ޴ڣĴȻΣ
ء
һţǺԷ֪Ԯĵ̹ĺ󷽣ǧ̹սʿŻѹ˹
үү÷ѩ
֪˾ͽȻǲļᶨȴһʮףٶȲ죬̼̹
̹ǵأѹѹһƬ绢ףĶ棬һһƾȻֺ˾ͽ壬¶įıӰȴ·һĿ¡
ǧˣӣ
˵þơ
˾ͽжǧ˵ƺҲǧ˵ʵ
ʮԶʱ˾ͽͣվʡ
ء
һɫĲƣһΣϯǰ̹

̹ȻƬأǧ̹ǧزÿ˶ϥϣƬ˲䱻ѪˮȾ죬Һء
˾ͽ嵭һص˱ƽ˵ǻĵط̹ûʸվûʸ߻ȥ˾ͽ°ǹ̹еĲҽֱӴǵĶǵŹ


132 ֮
˾ͽĻÿһ̹֮ˣÿһߵĶС
˱Ļˡ
أռģվƬϵʸûУģȴҪŻȥ
˾ͽİŷİ
֮ǰְЩƽӹ߶ôķУգֹ¶İȴлͬʱü
ԭǿôӵġ
־Ӹ¡Ӳĸо
ˬ
ڶĻߣ˾ͽ󣬴һѪͶȵս֮ʱЩ̹սʿ¶Ŀ־ɫ
ڶܣûа취뿪һˣһĳ
ء
ţǺεĺŽӵҲãط·һɲᡣ
ٴתʱ̹Ȼ롰ᰱĴʼˮس롭

̹ţǺţһʱ򣬼塭
ƵĺŽûü񵭵˿ĸı䡣
žડ
һӣᰵЦһأҪˡǺǡ
ġҽɡҶȴɫأоϲأ̾˵治ףʱ㻹ʲô壬㲻ȥɱСˣȴʲӵ壿ǺŽô£㶼һ㲻ô
Ҷŭһء
᰺ȻЦʲôɺģСԮѵˡ
ҶһɫеУʲôԮѵ㻹ס
̧ͷüʲôֵø˵ģ㲻˵ҽҪľƽôôôûģ³ͨ˵ȥƻҪƽѵЩŵҲ㹻Ӧ桭㲻ң˭壬塭
ž
һ£ͬһʱ̣ڶţǺ𡭡
Ҷ̧ͷɫ˴ˡᰱ³ĻҲõ߰˰ˣϣЩԮܿЩϵ򡭡
Ҫ䡭һĲģߴٵ㣬㣬ѵʱŰһ֡
ҶЦԷǣ˵ͲԮδ֮ǰȶô
£Ȼ¡
ᰴ°򤣬˵ǵڶţǺ̹ڵ赲Ԯܹͻ̹һطߣͻħŵĵڶطߡǺǣϣȸ˳սⳡ̻е桭ǡ
ֵΣҶʵ
᰺ٺһЦ˵ȴǱ˵ģǵţǺţھ͸ˡ
Ҷ۹ոڼᰵϣһΪţǺԶ㡭
⣬ǡҶЩͷԡ
ȴ˷ܵվͶУ½
ҶʵôͶϸ
һ֣Цǡǡ෴Ӯˡߡ
ȥģ
ȥӭδСӣӱܡ

Ҷ÷ѩ˾ͽ뼾ҵĹϵ֮󣬷ŻȻ
ԭ˾ͽĸ뼾ᰵĸף׽ãǱֵܡ
˾ͽȻ˾ͽҵĵϵͺСʱ㸸ĸ˫ֻһͬͬĸ׽һֱչСں˼ҵĴүᰣϼףϵһ
˾ͽСʱԸͺܹƧɳգ㣬κ˶νĴλе棬ȫĮӡ
ֱֱӾܾϵܾΪ˾ͽҵļԶ⣬ĥ
ʱ򣬱֪˽Ѷжա
޴й˾ͽһ˼ᰣؼʱ̻ǼᰵŮؼʱһ
ͻȻļ磬ŽһĴ۾ض˾ͽ塣
Ҿ˾𣿡ļ磬һμ˾ͽʱ򣬱ôƺ䡢ס߬ŵʵĴ塣
ʱԭ˾ͽ彫ȫĸ鶼Ůϡ磬Ҳ÷ѩĸף˾ͽϳԼĵ⣬Ψһǣҡ
ҶȻͷңңǰ˾ͽ壬ɻʵ֪֪ĸĸס
÷ѩæĶԼĴҪԼ
Ҷһȣ߬÷ѩģ˵㻹ңҰ㱨𣡡
÷ѩҶ۾мһЦȴûӦ¡
Ѿͷ
Ҷ֪˵ĽִҲûá
̹ͳ˧Ӧ֪Ԯ֮˵Ҳп֪˭ˣǲʵط˹ǣˡᰱ
ҵӵռ˳ͷȸԾף֮׵ʤ
˼˼ᰱǰߣ̹Ķʲôľٶȿ⻹лǧԱ
ϵģ̹ûκεķٶ˳ˡ᰹ȡֱʮһԭڡ硱ӪկӪ̡
Ŵʬӯţҵӵٵذʬ壬˾ͽ建ߵʱ򣬳ŷǿһ϶
˾ͽվǲŷġ
ҵӵͷ󺹣æʬʱᵽ˳࣬ȫ󿪵ʱ򣬼ˬʵĴЦ洫˳
װСӣˡ
үүƵؽһСӣ漫졣
˾ͽ庱¶ǿѹŭı飬ŵʵ֣յúֻܽƶףԼͣûһϼë
᰻߽³ͨҶʦˣһϲĽؿ˾ͽ壬һ˻
ζ֣ܳҼҡ˷ܣһ˵һȴͻȻףæܡ
ͬʱӦ䡣
ԭȷڵϵһʬ壬ӵϵԹȰĿᰱȭ
ȭзҫ־ڲȸ֮¡
һâϮȥ˾ͽ弱ٳ֣ȻһߣƴֵֵһۡѪ磬Ѫ⸡֣ѪˣӦ׷ɡ
ŭ֡
͵Ϯ֮һȭɼ֮˫ֻػǰأ͡
һ죬Ƶʱһ䣬˫ɫ㣬ھĵ֮ǰһʮֱۡ׵ħɣεػס͵Ϯߵ塣
ħȣ

ɮͬʱʧȵ
âϮ壬ɫĵâʵʰؿ˫֮ϣգۼѶԷƳ˼ʮףȻѣһĨѪէ֣Էʹһ˫۶ϣǰһ޴ĵۡ
ԷȻδϱۼҸ£Ѹ٣ֵǰʧȺߵС
һ˹Ѷϣౣء˾ͽлħȶҪ̸ֽС
ҶҶ͵صһѱסյļᰣ˲ÿѪͷһѡ˽ȥҶͬʱ֣̽
仯̫ͻȻǫ֮ɴϲת󱯵ı仯̫ԽܣżʧĿӰһѹجС
÷ѩ˫ۣһ˿ļᰣ⹫
˾÷ѩڷſĻչ¶Լһ档
˾ͽһס÷ѩȥھһĨɱ
ͷһƬ䣬Ķ³֪ΰźá
˾ͽؿ˼ʦһۣȵôûõվšļ֮ˣ
ʦȻ̧ͷɫ

ᰵպС
̹ĴҲڵջ󳷡
¡ݱҹڡʦ顣
֮һġħȣ͵Ϯɱ˼ᰣҲ˼صƣ˫۱˾ͽһնϡ
̹Ȼûȫռ조硱ɱᰵĳɼҲͻ
ᰱʮأﱯ
˭Ҳ벻ǧԮȻֻǲμһ
÷ѩڼᰵĹľǰΣ޲ɫݡ
ᰵӰ޴ǵߣվȻ˵˵ļƶʵ˸̾
ͱϵСݣᰶ֮˾ͽһڽϵġٹơһɫ˿仯Ҳޡ
ôӦڹײļɫ԰ףʱȻ˷ʵ
ϼëǸ쵰˾ͽʡ
ĵɻشϣ˵Դȥ֮ҾͼԼɸĻ쵰ǱƣҶˡ
˾ͽվߵߣ氧죬޺˾ͽ彩ʬһ¶һߣ˵ڻŵʱԾٰԼ񣬸оô
ҴҴޱ˵֪˶Ǯ
ʲôʱģ
ָָ䣬˵ȻˣûãҲû˧Ǻģ͢ġӵǺųӥȮرʱһԱôܲأֻˣԽΪܡҪǻţ⼾ҵѾͲϣҲʱ̷ңҪˣѣһлúøЩҵ棬Ϊֻè
˾ͽ˵ͷȷ˵ġϼëȻŵġϼëвֻǲ֪һ·˵Ǻηʥ
ˮĿϣΨһܹҵˣֻ˽ҵˣпһְ졭
˾ͽŵʵֱð˭
˵Ǹҳɲŵˡ


133 ̽
ݣ嶼⣬Ͻɽ¡
һռعׯ԰ģκС
Ժ֮УһɫĲߣɨ㣬ɨԺ䡣СԺиɾļһȾȻɨţ·ֻһ˶Ͷ
⣬һֻӥԺһӥϣص˹
ֱӣоһ˹ȥ
ӥצµͲȡһţһɫɵһ

ӥץ˶һ⣬ԶԼһʳת˺԰
԰Уһվһ޴ǰ漸εʱһЩףüʳ
߽Ȼֹ
ߵ˵Ϣˣ
߹˵ˣˡ
ת¶һǶϵݣ԰ѩĳ룬أһ˫ǵ۾ʱ¶ӥһ
һߴӱúһһذ׵߻˵ھˡǰҾ;Ӧþһֱڷųɹͽ˲ˣϧҡ󡯲ͬģνļ׾죬ƼҶܹҡ󡯡飬֮Ƕ֮վء
һ̾þò
룬Եһ¡
š

ŶֽӹߵݹһɵҳСèֻҳۣİɣòǳ֣Ի˳ֶԸǵġ
ι˽ֻ֮ߵȴȥŪһһֻģᴵ˼¿ڣĵʵСȥˣ
߹үȥݣᡯ
һǵ˱ħŵĹǲȱģô֪ҲգԵ֪书ֻǸֻǻ۲޵еġɵԼȥڰɣ˵ҵҲ˵

ա
Ĺ㿪ʼˡ
һųͷŴҵũһݣŲ֪ٵͷ߹һС·ԱߣЬϵһʯͷϲ
һŵݵεε·˵ء
ʽǸĿĴ󺺣ˣĵкëͷ߲
ϡ
ũһ죬һɢܵǰС
˹ٵǰһ˵ʱ򣬳ʽӲӣԹ·£ǵĨ⣬ŪҲֱһ˵ȻˣֻǴʱûǵۣװ˳
ũ˷ң¶һ˫ǵ۾˵⸽ѱûħŻߣٹأҲпܱ˷ֲϳǸ㲻ʵƤߣҲԸ벻δ龹Ȼˡħ⿪ˣ
ԭ˵׼Ϊ顣
ڵĵǷ֣һ㹻оһӵİš
˵Ȼ⿪ˣŮĹ͡ôҵСͽܲɣ
ţܺ˼ҵԵҲŰŮ޸ͽص˵ͷɫһ˵թѣպ͸ɻˣϽڵطҪһСԺ
ЦǸСۿɷŲ񡣹ôطٸóһطˡ
ʧʲôʱʼѧôˣֱ˵Ұͥôʲô
ôô
ᰵһЦ˵ʱϷ̨ǰˡҵˣҲʦţ£Ѿµʮ֮˾ţֻıʲôдȷϣһıɵ½ɻɢǵעǵļƻֻңֻܻͷЩǴӰǵĿľ͸ײ飬Ҹ׶Ըˡ
˵˵ͷ˵һشڣȷǷҡ
ǾͲòϵ̨ǰˡǱֵԽۣǱԽҪľҪԸǣҲԽ׳ǲ֪˵ͼǾʹǵͼǹؽ£˵ʵ¶ˡ
ᵱǹʹҲãʦźΪʦűͬҪҲߺ϶Ϊһһ㶨Ȼͷ
ԣֵĵһɽšħһΣ۽ɽ÷飬ȡɽžڵ¡ŮΪ˻书ȱǰȥѲһкζ棬Ҿȥ׼ũׯеȴˡΣ
黺˵ҽɡҶȻͬ죬Ѩַ˲ҵƻϵʱȶȸһڻ˲ٻ𶾣ħŹȻҡ̫Ԫ񹦡ħ񹦣񹦡Ȼȱ𶾻⡣ҽɵĵҩұȫˡ
üᰴ˵ҵƿҪòܸԭҲãǲƱˣƲǿˡ
ᵽᰵƣ鲻ɵʵǵõʱʵ飬Ϊʲôڷûһأ
һЦ˵˵⻹ҶСӡһϯҶĵӾŮõƵİ취Ҳͬ飬ҲԣȷһöҩҶŸּʱסȻšݡԣӲؽ½ǽˣȫ֮ǰĲܸ˶ˡ
Ŷԭˡ벻»СͽܵĹͣһʱɣͬʱĦһ»µõѧؼҲԼܹọ̈̄ҲСͽŪľѧ
Ű벻վȻǿСͽܵĳɫ֣˽档
˵İţϲָ֮࣬еѲⰡ

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Ҷһͬˡɽׯ
˾ͽûи˵ڼһʱ䣬ҵİȫ
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Ҷֲظ÷ѩ˸ķչ˵󣬼졣
÷ѩǸȵˣԴӼ˾ͽ壬ҶҲԸǴŴˡ
ϧҶ·
Ҷ˵ۣһϮͷһңšǧϻɽ


134 Ĵ
ݶɽ֣Ψʧ˿أⱻȺɽΧƣأΨ˵϶˵ϹؿΪҪһǴӵİ֣һǴͷĵײ˿ʧأϹؿ䣬͢ʧȥеȻϣһֱ˳˰˿ڻȻΣס
Ҷһ·Ͻʱ轭ʯֿ
ʯֿϣɽĿˣļ紺¹ʯ壬Ʒʯ֮棬ھڣȻĹ񹤣չֵ쾡¡
ʱҶȻʯֿϣҲ͵ɽıԵشˡ
ҶԭҰ֮УǰݵʢŸɫҰƵġġ۵ġϵġѤĻ̺ӵܿأԶɽϣʮֻҰɽյسҰݡ
ԶһƬɺ꣬ᶥ֦
ĿԶԶʮɽ壬ƺ֮䣬Ʋѩˣո̲βٲ˼ɾһֱ֮⣬ͱƺᣬɽ죬һ塣
Ǿɽɵͥ
ԭ֮
Ҷǧϻ˵ϣժ˶ңӭɽдķ磬һ˻㡢㡢ĴȻζӯ֡
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켶Ʒġ칦ȫʦѧ֮ѹΪʵµһ
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ҶСڤ񹦡һڹķСС๦ãȻԼ˷ĻᡣˣҪһŶ˼ΪЧڹķҶԥѡˡ칦ŵԹഫ˫޵ϹݴŹ飬Ҳϣʵ˵ҵһ񹦡
οɵķ̫Ԫ񹦡ȱ쾳ϵĹ˿š񹦡֧ŵڣѾӦֵڲǿź۷İۣµƣҲѾĶ壬ͻƣûϵĹһϼѡ
ԣҶ칦ͬȼƷġһָһͬˡ
칦ϡһָصҲڼ᰺ʣ°˵Ǻʡ
ڹķԺԵģϰ޹ϵ硾ȫķϼ񹦡͡칦һഫɵ͵ߣ޳ͻԪ񹦡񹦡̫͡Ԫ񹦡һ׹첻ͬ׶εĲͬƶѡ
˵ĵӣС칦ˮɡ
Ҷŋ翸жѧƣѾſ˳ȼʲô浶һָ󡹦аٱ䡿ѧá
ۺڹΪҶѧܣϾ似ֻ֮Ӱȹ̣ҶѡˡһָΪԼѧϰĹ
ˡһָٺָͨ͡ҶָϣҶָϵĹɾһžˡ
֮⣬ҶѧһŽԸĽɽŽҲȫ̵Ľһ塿
һ塿ȫϳ˽һʮ˽ÿһһΪ̳ʱֻһУ󶶴ȴֶΪ
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ҶмģһţһŽӹѧ֮ĸϵҪǣҶûԼĽϣڽܹһ
֪ɫҶһС֮ĿԶһС䣬ҰӦ˻ˡ
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ѡһСԺư䣬ľӦֶ
һɢƮĻҳһҾȫ·ưڣǼӣȴƣֻǶһĳܳһƬȻû
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ֻǼ򵥵һѲӣҶںԺĻĲݴз˸ϲ£ֵвٵĸ
˴֮ʱﻹŸģֻ˴ƬأȻҰҰݴдԼһƬ̡
ҶԺ⾮дˮϴϴˮֱ̨Ͻ¹󣬵Ҳ⡣
ҶԱ˶ӣʰɾϴ
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ѵħŵɽġħǽô
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Լѡ⴦ݾ·ûгΪѡסĵطԼвע¶
Ǽµ֮ˣҶһʱǳִɱɹʵͦߵģԼҪԴ̽ɽʵΪȥ̽һ£ûʲôҪϢ
ҶϡǧϻӺ˷ݣһУһȺڵĸԾϷڻһ㣬֫Уؽӽ˷ϢԺ䣬һ֣ʮ׵ľ룬Ǽģ֮˵סޡ
ʮ׵ľȴǲ̫÷ģΪ治ʱѲߵڱмյĸһƬ
Ҷҿ˿ǰһž޴գ㹻Ρ
ڱתߵʱҶһԾܵϣ֦Ҷïʢĵط
Ҷĵصȴţȴڱڻһ̡
ǵһ̿ͣǵһܵһҪʱȾ书ҪҪ
ãȺڱʮиѲҲǰڰӣûãڱۼԱߣ
￿ɽϵʱɽ糱ʪ䣬ԼԱ֮󣬾Ͳô붯ˣӻͳ˵Ц˵öЩ˼ˣ˯˼֮ţƤ
Ҷ׼ʱж¡ǧϻ׼ֶʮ׿һŴһˡһ죬ҶԼһ࣬һСץεض֮ϣΪʵͬʱһצɹʮ׾룬֦֮£м߰͸˿ߣǾָ


135 ħʹ
Ҷ֮ô֮ϣȻſյרںȾƴţҶ˫קߣ֮ͬһٿȻ˶ʮ׵ľ룬ߵİҶһƿûз
Ҷٴһ˵ҶУյϵķں
֩һƮ䣬Ҷ֫ͬʱ˷ϣĸɢأʱһûзͬڻһУסŷķ䣬ͳƵͲڷϣŵ·ڵ
ǼúãǲôֵõǵֵңʥҵڹУȻóԺúȵдǱûšʥŮ˲٣ǶʥŮˣĸֵܸҶΡǡ˹ˣóȱٺ٣ֵڵĺӵˡһֺ˵
һѼɤӹͷ˵˵òɽְȴѵõҵҲò˵硯һ̣ʥʧأ˸ɾϷ޶ȸˡƺƴֻɽôˣȻôָɵء
һĬ
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ݱ²ġǡħšʮǡ쾳ڵʵħһħܱ⡣
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ҶޱҪ鱨ʱµħֿʼ˵ɽλƫƧʱΣգ治ʥΪʲô
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ǸѼɤǿһڲˮҶû׼һװǻƵСҲظԼԺС
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ҶˮƵĻҲӽˮ˵ֻһ룬벻ħҲõƵϢȻħŸ߲ԣŶȲͣħΪɽš
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Ѽɤֱֵĸһ˵ϵĪҪ⣬ЩصļһﶼԼʵʵͷβģÿ˿һģҲ֪ʲôӣҲԶԶؿһΡ
Щ˶ʥţиеͣҼǸǸ۷ֵ֣ƺҲ쾳ǿߣȻʵȻиеͣٴһһɱȨ׵ﲻá
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˷ܡħǽҲħŵĺģԱȲʥ׽ˡ
ҶдϲȥǸһ£Ϣʵ̫Ҫˡ
һûмħʹߣݡģţݲǸԼúõôԼβܰȫɽȥ̽鱨أµãħžȻԼôõһݡ
ˣ˵˲٣ʱҲˡǸϽЪϢռƻաѲʹ㵽
˸ԸǻطҶſһᣬڰżٵ룬»ص֮ϣյϵķףҶаΪ̽ɽʵСүǵɡ
յϷáǧϻջ֮ߣпܱ˷ֵĺۼһٴû˷ᵱС

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ҶǴĴ壬ǴϷֵӣǻԵɺϡ
·ڣһ꣬ǰ治ԶеС԰д̵֣ɫ¸
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յᰵķȸǸ԰ˣ̲Լ̫ʧ󣬴˴Ρ硱֮սħʧСȸΪˣһȱϲǡᰵѶ϶ǵһȥԱȫпܱѹǧַԴֻϱˮ֣ȴ֮ʲôжȻٰʧƽ̯һ£Ϊһ̫࣬Եȸܡ
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˳ֽӹҶȴһԷźɫƤףȻҲڵʵʵҶа쵰Ҳүĵһƻϣʮɢʧܡ
ʮɢɫ㣬жȫʹҶΪڸǡڤ񹦡˵һԣ뵽һֱħŸֶ伫Լƿؼʱ̾ҲãҲգиֶΣղܵ˾ܱƺ۸Ҷ˸ҩ֮⣬ⶾҩҲ˼֡ʮɢֻһ


136 ħʹ
ҶħơˡѲʹû뵽ԷȴףͿϵġʮɢʧȥá
ʮɢƻʧܡ
Էһ飬ȷҶݣŵΪ֮һɣЩֵ˵˵СоͷôΪΥڴ㣿
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⡰硱һɫ޳ĶҶնѼͬĶƳġƽʱʢƿУʹ֮ʱοƿˮð΢壬εȻ֮Ҳ޷Ŀʹѳͷԡ
ж֮꣬Ϊȫ֮ܶΪ֡ɫ޳֮Ϊ硱һжƾٸҲ޷ƾƳء
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ⶫҪĶＫΪأһΪ󸡱ҺѰңҶ˴ǮղŪôһֻģֻƿ硱ǡ󸡱ƨˣ⡰硱Աǡ顱ҪҪҶʹá
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ҶװħšѲʹһģһѲʹǣȻһ۾ϳ˶Էݣ£˻æӭӭӡ
ҶħʹĿ񾢺ɤ˵ڣ


137 ͥ
ҶһֱĴħǡжһݣһʥŹȻʮȻûӭӡ
Ǹ˾ڡѲʹ֮ѡվΪѡһߣһҪŪԼ׾١
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138 ִ׹
ڶ໶ӭж֮һΪֵУһħŸִ߳ǰһ󺺣Ĵͷһ⺷ǴССӿӣǱһһ
ëһĴƤۣɫıʯװһƤһָͷϸĽӹ˲ϣ׹лľôǶʰ쵵ĸɫʯ˾һֱɲĴ
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139 ħ
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140 
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׵Ŷ룬Ҫŵ˲䣬Ƿ֨ѽһպ˸ա
Ҷʶ˵ƣǰ˻ĵڻǰáغסһСУһĪĸо㷲˼ӵʱ򣬽飬ͺ̸Ķˡ


141 ƻ
Ҷһ֣ʱռ׼ȷûһƿգ֮ѳɡ
ѹ𵴣첽ڡ
ۼҶϥϣԼֵʵʵķװȻϣ׶ûժɵð̾Щʥ涼Щˡ
ǿЦݣǺЦѲʹԶ;Ͷ٣ְҴţˣѲʹǰգеѪɽٵһѵһıְ֮Чԣϴڷãˡ
Ҷɵд棬ƽ޲ص˵ŶȻˣֺα˿
Ȼ˵ﻰȷʵǱְ֮ϣ˼뿴
нһݵ㣬Ѫ뵣Ũÿ֮
ҶһһȣѪʱɢһʱΪŨ
Ҷϸһзһ֧ۣѪһֲ֥ɵô󾪵Ѫ֥
Ծӣвɵôϲⶫȷϲæ˺ȷĵر֮ⱦֻڵصѪвŵ귽ܳɳһ磬ǴѪĴ֮ְȻ죬ĵرԱְİ󣬶ʱɵ˵أɼﱾӦΪá
ţǺ⣿ĪҪ¸ʹΪ㿪ôҶ۾еֱˣȻװŴ˽ӣ߳Է
ᣬְ޴⡣æ˵ﱾҪʥŵĶԴʥеĵλ˵Ҳᵽ˴ϣְΣʡеļֱӽ˰ˣΪְԣС˹ݣñְ۵Ĵˡ
ҶٺһЦаƴֱɵĻǻ˵£ֱԼҲǮơ֣һôһ˵ǽѣ˲òæȴֲôΣ
ŶúúãȻ˵ѱʹǽˣﱾʹȴ֮ˡҶ
Цıôвյĵ
Լвɵһʯͷ˵أͬʱҲƨĶװʲôװö̰Ĳӡ
˵պõҶ̾һ˵ʹȻѣЩ㲻ò˵ˡ
һϹϾӣ˵롮Ѳʹʾ¡
Ҷ˵Ϊ壬ûгȸȸ飬ʥԼ鵽ô
ٿȻһŵ˵˼˵ͱȥģ
Ҷһͷ˵ʥͨٴ֪飬֪ϸĪ˿ңֵҲ֪ǺܱʥֻǴ˵һٶǽȸڱǽڲ֮أ룬ʥβ룿ΪδǱϱѵȸһǿ׳ǹһʥ
ͷ󺹣ͻȻλѲʹһʣһͬСɣæָ췢ĵʥԴְǶɽְţҲʥµĶ䡣ְΪʥЧ޶ġ
ҶǺЦĪҪˣ˵ֵֻܶˣ˵ֻĻ죬ֻҪ⴫֪
æмְл˶䡣
ǻн֣ɵʵָӦԷʥ˼ҷأ뷨ڼ򵥣ΪֻҪӷԸЩĶǵ±ԴΪʥ˼Ҿˣû뵽Ƕ㲻ıư
Ҷѹ˵ͿΪʥʥ֮⣬κ˵ķԸģֻʥҪ֪ѵպҪһֱ֮λô
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Ҷζ˵ȸ£δǴ˵ĻᡣȻѾҷȸΪ˲ڶˣٴνҷȸأ
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ûҶ˵ʹ˴ε֮⣬ȷΪ룬Ǳʹ·ϵ죬˵죬ҷȸϭڴʱʥϣǡ
Ҿ͸ҷȸһһΪʥЧҷ۾Ȼ
ҶһĻļ޵ûˣֱԣ˵⼸ʳ֪ζҹ£¶£ʥŴҵŽΪ˼ǰӰʥŴƣһֱٳٲϱǼʥģ󲻵ʹٱȸʥͬʱвٶΪȸѣ⿪ѵݻҪռһϵƪ
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Ҷ̾룬дξ壬Ͼ֮۹ûжٵģֻܰͬıɡΪȸػ䣬ⲻԵլʺΪʥźгôһʥһõӡ󣬷Ϊ񲻳˱ܵСˣΪȸѣԵΪظӵĿ㣬˽ԸܵС˳е÷աٱȸΪʥŵĴƣǸΪ˸˵ǰ̡СʥӢ䣬᲻ĺúӣӬӪıСˣ
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ҶЦȷʵӦлңʱ磬˴֮£ȸλδûᱻ£ʵȨٺ٣պմȨշСһ
ˣˡʱֻϲҵԼԴϣ֮ǰĻһɨգǣ
ҶһԲѵʹ˴治֮£νðΣգ»°ѽڷ磬й¶ֺպ˳ǿǿ˱ʹʱʥŴͽֶΣĪҪñʹڲźá
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áҶ̾һƴ
ʱΪϲɵø̾Ѳʹ˱ְеĹˣ˱ְΣѣ˱ְպκβǲְЧȫ
Ҷ˸˵ЦˡһҪҲΪʥЧ޶ģʥҲѴһշȻʥԭǲСܲ˸˳ˮѣһ
ҶԽ˿ǻԽǸм
˵ѲʹˣĴ£ױ˵ġպʥдѯ˰Ｘڣְ͸жˡԺȥְȻдãҹͻʥš


142 
ʱɫظһ֮˷ܲѵ߳˷š
Ҷ˼ѪĻ֮󣬱治ɫȴЦö
ߺߣȸǼٸߣҲϲүдһУŪͷöԵүδ޵ĳޡ
ǣǳ˰ȸǱԼõĻ¶û취֤
ȸħȷ£˾ٱֻỳԼ£ǼƶͻλпܻỳԼħ۵̽ȸħ۵ĲͬҲˣû취ȥ֤ʵԼ˵ǷʵһĸԸȥ侮ʯħ˽ԣҪôһˣһֺǴɽϹʯͷһʼȷԼƶ֮ĹòԼٶˣʯԽԽ죬ԽԽͣ󣬾ǻҪͣ¶̫ˡ
ڻԼĹˣͬˣκɺвԼôΪԼݻԼɽϣ벻ⶼ̫ܡ
ҶͷֿһۻġѪ֥вɵúЦ⻹˯ͷԼûʣҲûıħԳں˾壬ֻǿűеһһֱŹĽǼġ
һβͬ׳Ѫĵرĵȼ߼أٶüǧ׾ٵ顣
Ҷɾ͸ɣٴΰںˣСֱ۴ϸġѪ֥һƬڿУж
ڵѪ֥һѪ֮˿Уһǿɴ˲Ϻ죬Ѫţ񾢵ѪѪܣͬʱ˶һɹĸоС
Ѫ֥귽ɳһ磬۴ϸġѪ֥г࣬һǧ£ҩǿҶֻһƬҩЧԣһˣҲֲǻˡ
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Ҷͬչһ㣬һգڼԸôš
Ȼ֪λѲʹæµ£ԼҲæħܱȸˣҶһʱ֮䵹ǻѵõʱ
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ժףֱѾһɫ۹о󲿷ֶųʣԼøӵĴˡ
Ҷһϱˮ͸õ·ԼĸоʮֵĲ
̾һӦȥϴˡ
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˵Ҷֱӳ˷ţǽǵУáʶܶĦڭǾĳ׿ϸ
Բ֮ڣһˡҶɵðԸлǸµĻһèǽСԺš
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Ҷںϴԡһĸ۵ĶǿԼĿҶֱһӣܳȥԶ
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ͻȻˮһҶˮúƳȥġԶ
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һ˲䣬ҶͷƤըˣ͵һˮ棬ҪֻҪԾˮ棬ҶаṦȫ£Ѹٰ޵Ĺ
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һ졣
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ʱҶһֻ⣬ȫסˮͰϸӿʼսҶֿȻùͷ죬ԼͨǿǹɽѾԼˡ
Ҷֻܸ߾ַٴιžĽɱҶеβĿԽԽ٣ǿ֣ǼȥԼҲᱻ
Ǿʮ׳ѩףԴҶʮ׵ľ룬ҶͫһȻǾͷϣһ֧೤ǡ
Ҷ԰һTMDߣһԡ


143 Ѳ
ԲҶԴʮԶĵطôݺݵؿ۹УҶȻ޾вǻۣͷһӰ
ƺҶƷҲٴιôԶԶвҶͬʱսͣˮ³ȥҪҶ
ˮһһ׹ʮ׾Ȼδס
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Ҷһƽܵˮһ󼤵Ե͵һһ˴󲿷ֵµðһʹҶľһֹؿס˰ԵӣؿһƬѪԵƬ
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ʱҶǰֻóĹԽԽԶ
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ҹѰϵϢţû뵽Ҷڴ˱ȵ£׵شһҶͨζڵͣԶתԽԽӴ󣬾ҲԽԽ͡
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Ҷȫľִͽʵ֮һƻڲͣ
ǴѲк󸣰


144 ʯұڻ
˹ӵҶȻ֪Լһ컯
ްˮԡ͵һ࣬ȴһ࣬಻ͬ޶ȴϲһЩĶݡҩݣѪҩԼ󣬷õһԾ߱һĿԣ䡰ˮԡеĽɫѪΪ󣬼ֱ
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Ҷĵù˵ˣڽշʳ˴ġѪ֥͸һǿҵҩζӶˮԡߣ̶ҶҲ˵ʹҶʱСǡˮԡҲŹ
Ҷڻج֮ʱˮԡɣ֮ǰһۣմȾ˺ԾѪֻ½丹ҲǱʴһɶƫƫôһ㱣ĤǵҶƸǸҶ컯ܹվѪ
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»صѨеҶĴĿ࣬㣬ûһ˿һ֮У˵Ӧſ
ȻһҶڶ֮ϷһڣķХ֮ɵһΣʹڳȥɡ
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Ҷˮʱǿӣæִ侱ڣǿŶ쵰С飬ͬҹһɫĹâѨֻӱ岢ҹȣˮһļӲֻóһᣬ֮
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ʯҵһߣһС͵ʯңƺңֻһʯһ
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ҶϵƤʯϸ˼ʯҡ
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ǵҵĹôȴһסŮ˫ޡĹûУTMDޡ


147 ػկ
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148 ٻ
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ͰҩԡķҶҶġҽɱʼǡеõģЧͬʱҶָҩ˼ζԼеĳҩҩԡøЧ
֮ǰĴ壬ѹե̫ľԪһһҪһ
Ҷת˹̵ҩԡУӳԴ֮ȫҩͰ֮Ҷҩȫƽ塣
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Ҷ˲䱻̵õһ˲㱻ඣӸһʹҶɼ⣬ҩԡеս壬ʹֻά˲ʱҶеһƬƢ̹о⵽ڱţ緢飬ɳڡ
ȫ״̬֮Ҷ˼ʼԼһεջ
ɽѨĶѾҶ¶ˣǴΣкĻѩǣҲѹϰħ˶û˷֡
һεõͨ赡ϵ书һϼѧȱĽк̫͡Ԫ񹦡ź켶Ҷõˡϼѧһᡱ͡κ켶ѧһᡱеϼѧԼһεõϼյõļܵ㣬ѾȫҶԣڲȥǼܵˡ
ҶѨ֮еı̶̺ײ¡عĵκ켶ѧĶһᡣ
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ӹۣʮعѣŻ񹦣ѵˮĥĹĵʮһʮ͵ʮعӺ켶ѧбҵ
գعֻ˷Ҷκ켶ѧһᡣ
ڵҶӵΡϼѧһᡱΡ켶ѧһᡱ
ȿ켶ѧ
ԼѾһĺ켶ѧУС๦˫ֻ֮칦ŮĽ
ʣµĺ켶ѧУͨڹ࣬硾վ㾭񹦡Ǵ󷨡ɲѧϰЩڹôҲȲϽѧڤ񹦡
似棬ʥ񹦡̫ȭ̫ҲǼ衣
ǬŲơҲں켶֮УˡתơҶҲûбҪѡŹˡ
ʣµļУҶ۵ģֻСɽơɽ÷֡쳤ؾóϹ貨΢⼸ңɵ񹦾ˡ
ǵԼѾṦԼӦܵĹҶϵѡˡ쳤ؾóϹ͡貨΢
쳤ؾóϹΪԵǿͬʱŹһ湦ЧǾǻԵ롾ڤִġϵûơ
쳤ؾóϹĸ֣άֺͲǿάֳϵʣͬʱŹֱѪҺеoѪάĳǿ
պ˴ܽˮԵȼ۽Сҽɡɢʯɶеĳ衣պһ𴳵ִ¸ɶģҲܷȻԱá
ڡ貨΢
ѵģүһʮ꣬ԶܹȫԻ
һ֣ڲ֮ˡ


149 ħʬ
һˡ쳤ؾóϹ͡貨΢Ҷ֮ļʱ¹棬ҲӦԼȻ
쳤ؾóϹġ󣬲Ҫת֡ԵҪĴͨһġҪͨ
15ĴתǾҪ߱Ķ䡾ԶѪҺǿĲҩǿѪ⡢˵ȵȡ
ҲΪʲôŹɽͯҪʳѪԭҲΪʲôϳȡ벻Ȫԭ
Ϊͨڹķγɵ̫٣άתԡϳȡһ뿪˹ȣһ뿪Ȫ޷ṩ㹻άġͻἫ˥ϣά֡ϡˡ
ȻЩĶԽǿתıֵԽƽⷽĳ棬жԷתֵ1ĳǿܹγġ˲ᣬʱڵġݡڴ֮һ
쳤ؾóϹط롾칦֮ͬһ롾칦ͬ칦Թעرƣϡһָصˣ쳤ؾóϹȴӳƶһʱˣȴ޷ñ˵ϡҲΪʲôҶʦǡ칦ǡ쳤ؾóϹˡ
ͨԡ쳤ؾóϹ˽⣬ҶҲ˽ңУֻСڤ񹦡ĴڣΪ쳤ؾóϹṩ㹻ͨҲٴ֤ˡڤ񹦡С๦͡쳤ؾóϹһңӣ书֮ߣǸֵɨɮˡ
⼸յʱϤҶ֪Ϊڣħһ鲻ϤΪɣӻ鱨Щ鱨Ҫȴӡǡõͨ鱨ҪҪĶࡣ
ΪҪģħҪֵĹԼ
ħԴӶǰ֮󣬹ΪʮΪա¡ǡ硢Ѫʮǵ긽ӹʥŵš
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ħƵжʮǰٴͳһħţʮԷϳĸͷƵеķɣΪħŹǸɣȫħŵС
˵ֻ»дʶѣϲʵ顣ħ޵УƵеʵҲɱ֣ЩӦöڰŻʱץסƵеٴγɽȡʧȥȨ
ħ˿ƺһ飬ʵΣģΪЩΣĴڣһħƵо͸ǿԶԼĵԷĻᡣ
ħЩĹĶ֮⣬Ҷ˽⵽ħƵΪصʵǳԼ֮ۡ⣬Сʥʮʮޡ͡һٵħǡ
һٵħǡǺ۷ĸ֣Ϊʮ͡ʮɷҶЩ˸ƲԼĵ֣ԺԲƣ
ʮޡ֣ΪϱĲֹ׻ȸ䣬ͳ죬硱һۣҶõвɱʦҲɱһʵһ£Կȡʤʲ
ʮǡɱסӻ壬ɷ޼ӫ֡ʮλǡʮһҶڸѵƵһԷ֮ȡҶڲǵĸ֣
龳֣ͬʮʮµĸֽٲʮʮԣȡʤԱǰʮǱذܣڿܶѵĸ֣У׻ȸ䣬־֮⣬Οߺ룬ײβصĺܣĺǶǲö֪˾͸˵ˣ
֮ϣΪʥ˵Ƕǰħеĳ׿ħ˶ֻŶѣֻǴ˵֮еû˼д˸ͲڣֻǱħƵŻ˵İ裬ô
ŻĴͣʸ񣬸Ҷħŵš
ħŵĴħŵһҲǡ챦֮һġħʬ
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˵ϹʱһǴ죬ٵǧũϣǰ̽Ѱִһ޴ʬ塣ʬףסȫж֮¶һʬ壬ʬ࣬׳˶ͷнǣţǸʣݣĿƤ¶ǳ׶͸紫˵еѪʬɡ
ϵ֮Ϊ棬˸ʬҡɱܾţδڼ䣬Ѫʬ֮ڣѪڸʬУϴ棬ľ¡ĬȻϰ֮ɴ˶þ书ڽ
δ룬ʮ֮䣬ѪϲѪ⣬ϲʳ֮Ѫ⣬ʳ֮
Ͽ֢һСĸ޶ԳԾʢҽ
˵Уϰħ֮ϣˣ̲룬ٲˮͲ磬ѪӶɻָơħ塱ʿʱŽ
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ֲ˫֮ʿΪʥš֮ʼ棬áħʬһǣоʮᣬΪħ顿ʥš֮ħšʮԴзֻ
Ҷǵûʱ̾Ϣ˵챦챦ܷˡաȥҿ϶ʥŵġħʬȴ֤һС˵ʥŵ񹦣աȥӹɵġΪħʬĴڣ֤ıļֵ
ô˵⡰ħʬĴڣħ൱Үźһʥˡ
ҵԡħʬ֮ףΪһٵ˿飻ʮˣͷʮľΪȨȷΪأ²Ϊݣϰ벿ΪħƵеͬʱҲħʥı־
ЩҲħŸ߲еˣ벻ЩȻô
ÿһƣʥ˵ʥһĴڣǾԲʿС


150 ʯֿ
Ϊ˷ħŵʥƶʧЩħƵʱÿһͬʵĽط֮γ˹صϵһĳħƶʧħʥ̳ϵġ̡֪ʧħƵĴ·
ͬʱһС̵ĴڣħŵСΧѰħƣħûйħƶʧ鷢
ΪħƶħҪֹʿħưħŵ顣
ٶǰаս֮ʱʿһƣ壬ħŸֶȡһΰɹɱ˺Щħŵĸ֣йһμһ֧ӵħŸ֡
ǰƹһսħȻʧܣҲҪʿ黹˱ȡĶʮ桰ʥơ
ΪöħơöơҶΪ⡰ħơħŵĺöͬʱҲ׵ΪʲôΪһ顰ħơͿŵֻⶫԼʦŵδ̫е㲻ˡ
ħڲԼļƻûʱԼЩֵˣԼ˵ʵ̫СӰħŴƣҲɵڡһħŷֵÿˣһĸ֣ͿԽʦٴ㸲ˡ
Щͳ鱨֮⣬鱨ҶҲûõҶܣʵǻҲ֪ħھʵʩʲôƻ˵ħ˶ʲôǸոշֿȸ㲻˼뷨跨شҶ׳ȸ䡣
Ҷ˵Լֻ֪ǳ˵ħʥŵĴƣҪҴ
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ԻҶֻ˵ִʥŵ񣬱ɸ㶨
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ʯָ߾͡ƬƬֱʯʯ鲼УϿľдУɹְزԴͦΣĳϿʱԿɽ֮һɫˮ׺Уй콬ʤ¼е
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ڸոӹâɲǣҶá貨΢ܿƥײͬʱĹâסͬȵΣ㣬ÿһ̹ʿĽŽͬʱƥϥؽϵһ£סһûУֻƥܳȥʮ֮ƥĵѡ
һ֮䣬ҶĿѾ˼Ϊĵزڳ似ˡ
â֣ҶٴδԭظֳӰ·ʼնû뿪벽Ƶأ¡ʣҶ˸ңǰУƾ󰧺һƬҲһֱûлͷ
飬Ѿûйϵˡ
֮ǰƴܵǸߣŸֵֻصԭء
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ȲѣԼֵܳԼѾѿףøʵTMDɱӣӷŹ㣿̹Ļ쵰ûǣһˣͳӱСʮ꣬TMDҲøȥ

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һ˹幫ӵԴӣ͵һקȻûקȥһţʬ߷ɣ󺺳Ĵ̹ʿǴŭүү磬ȥֵǱ𡪡һһԴ¡
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ΪԽɱ֣Խõ͵ҪԣҶߵˣټ
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Ҷһô˵ͷسʯֻֿ֮Ǽľ룬ǰǰңͱΧ˸ˮйͨ
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һ죬һ̹ʿԲܣ䵶ͳ˹
ҶһѹңŸܣ˳ڼ̹Сƨ϶һţֵûСһֽкá


151 ֮
TMDùҶӣ˦̹Ѳ׷
طľԱ˭Ҷģģᱻץһ
Ҷ͸̹жԣô̲顣
С֮¶Լף룬ͷɢѳ¡һ̾һ֪³ͨƤ֮ĶˣʱҲôѾ
ףƤߣ
Ҷ͵һţһԼ޴Լǧ룬ֻǵýµ񹦾ȴ˻켣ա
Լ񹦾湦աֻŪЩҽ͵ҩķӣЩɺ鷨װˣ˧ĶļԶȫûУôԣ
Ĳ˵ǰ龰Ҫõ
СûˣҶʶе㿪ˡϵͳ˿ֱѡˡסһ㿪һȻǰˡ͡ڼڵ༼ɡ
ҶٺһЦ˵ֱӵѡѧϰһԺ֪ʶص˵ͷһġȷǺãȴֻûױԸıһĿԼǰڻױŮǵա
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֮ǰ̹ѲԼҲԼ̫ɣ׼̲ѡ
ҶǲţֵƬ̣һԱģ˸Լһӵλϣֻǽ˼СˣĳڣһϰһͼΣҶһ۾æϵͼһͼΣԷҲ˵ͷʰá
Ҷһպ꣬ȵСˡ
Ҷھ¥ǸԱţŶԷƹС̣;һصĺԺһһڣŵһСԺ
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152 ֮Ͱ
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ϼôװô˥ǱƵء
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ԭŵߣǱˣǶˡװļᰡ
᰺ͳˣҵĳҲ˸ڣÿǳԷ˯
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΢ЦҶļЦ³ͨ˵Ƥ߾ôԼã벻Ȼô㣬һôƤߡ
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ҶյţǣҲǣǻʲô
ҶץϹ᰹һЦ˵ܹ֮ѹƺ֣ҪǹԼһȻķֶΣǾǡ

ҶЩŵ˵ʲôʤֶΣҪôҪΪʲôܱɱĸɱֲΪ̫ãƶģ
ᰶ˲ɵһ֣˵ͬ仰Ҫɱ֣һȵùƶԷġ

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Ȼһֽһġ֡ԲƤġ֡ã֣ȻҲûСǿ
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᰺˻һۣ˷ܵһ֣ȴҶһֲõԤС
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ҶһƾżѸٽӽ¥ԶԶһݵţɵЦĺ硣
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һ˫ﵵĴааЦߣڵˣ֪ֻ֪ϲСˣҴ˫˫ţڱʱҲɵ¡

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ŻæŶһʬϷȥ

벻Ǹ˼˺ݶ̹ͨĹӶԸ֮⣬ȻˡɱĳԱ׷ɱң˲ò࣬ҪͶɽϡĹεĶҪĸηŽͷ֮ޡ
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ҹ⣬ŴҶɽԽسԼɽͷȥ˶ЩṦЩ̵ɽ·ЩԶĹ·ҪĿһЩ


158 ӻ
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죬쵰ǹȻկͷͷ룬Ըүģ㲻ãүƣկ
կǰһ͵ǰ壬صˮĥȽ䣬ֻһӣǺʵկűֽһȻһ죬ֱӱǴһ󶴡

аεضկϷҶҶһԾеȴϵ£ʮ׸ߵ˶կʳݣغ󣬴кǰƣ䡪
կڴеı֮£ȻڷɵҷĶӵˡ
ҶȻأһڳɱ˼ҷկŵĴ֮ѽһɢӴܡ
ҶӺеʲôȻһկӵ˱֮ˮޡ
ҶһһץסһСͷĿģˣʵǼկأ
կկĸկ
կ
ǰһεĴկǼεĴկ
Ҷһ鳵ĳ嶯կ
СͷĿҶĿŵȶֱתҳһŵʱȥկãȻĹˣڵһңңһָǸǡ
Ҷ˳һģﹰһģˣŸһկ¥ȥ
Ҷɤһŭ𣺡
Ǹƨɣƴɽһ£ſڵϣһͺ࣬ߵһסܽһկ¥
⵨ӻܶȨ
ҶʧЦһϡ
дʱҲ˹ҶȥҲߺߵ׷ȥ
ʱţȴոկſڣ۵ǻ󺹣
ˣˣϾǲ統꣬ôΪȴΪ겻ϰ䣬Ȼɽ΢һ˵ƣ۰
ŴϢһţ͵կӷҺֳһţһʱңλɱòȥɱ˰ɡȻǸ쵰µЩ˿ɶԼֵܰ
æկӷ˹
ճֵţͱǰӵկŵȺһ
ɰǧȺõկų˳޵ӷ·ѵһ㡣
TMDվסկôˣһ˵ɤŹڹؼʱ̾סˡ
ͻһɤӣܳկŵļٺ˵ʱͿš
կ
կûկ˵ˣǲţȥҡ
磬ɻˡկկӸ
կ㲻ڵʱ˶Ӵżկȫɱ
ˣկиɱկˡ

һʱȻڴ˿ԭĴկһʱǾϲӣ׷ǰ߿ࡢ״
ȴһȡãֵûбңֻΪ£Բ˵ڣɥ
ŴǣҪ£ǸڼġǸ˵ﷴ˰ɱңҵկλǣİǵǵկӿԲɣկֵܶǳԾ̹˵Ŀ࣬ȲѲΪܣ̵ҪͶ̹壬ǲͬ⣬ҳ塭
ŵĺ֪߲ЩƵķڣһȻ磬Ͷ˵ˣһߣҪɱǰһ£ͷ˻ȥ
һƬˣɱ˻ȥ
Ƭ̣ȺԽԽ࣬ѹѹسˡկ
ͷ֣Ⱥ׵ʱԼĻ쾢ȷֵӵ
ճկţžͿײӪկţɽկҳһţĴ𣬺ɱҳһš
ԭ⡰կеǿͽڴ˵أԴݰ˿ʧ䣬ٻûгûͳ˿ģ˶ЩɽկάִʹЩɽկøһ塣
կд󲿷ֵɽʵկկֻһСǴͶû˻·ֺúԣ⡰կɽ˵ļҾĶ࣬Ҳǲ١ʱկдңЩƵȺ壬ΪЩͶկɽǵĹ󣬳Ϊ׼񡢳ûٵĶͽĿͶ
ЩߵУ⡰կѾˣǰ;կһˣ³϶Ǳǰ;ãЩǮƣͶɽկ
ЩͽΪſĿѣһ£ɽկгĺúŭسȥЩնɱ
ŵĵȺȶĵãֻǼ´֮ŶʮͷأԭҳһɽկѸٵƽ
һʱ緢ΪԵá
ͻȻ¡һ죬ͷʱǸɽһկ¥Ȼ
ҶĿɿڴע£һ˿޴Ӱһصȣӷؼ̳˳ͷСӰһ֪Ǹկһ˶ͬһͷһʣǸͱ뺷ĴС
Ҷǻڿеկ¥̳ƷǷǸͷҲأ·һж޹أֽλţ˵ˣǵ˵Ļկӣӡһץ͸ˣ֮ǰӣһǷ6ǧ
˵꣬ҶǴתߣصˮĥʯͷϴĻǣͬʱڵϴһ
лҪźУû¶ҹ


161 
ϵĴк¡һӵϣҶ˦ֽٶľӵǽǡ
ҶѡһɽƽʱɽկŻĵطڿտҲȴеԴɾ
ո׷կ¥֮Ҷ׵رƷǸկ׼ȥʱǴҲ˹Ҷ˵սپ۷壬˴б󣬡ơϾصġźеĺףؾһơ
һƣҲһı
Ǵиȥڵһ㣬Ȼ˳ȥһ·ײӣ˺¡һҽկ¥կ¥֧Ҷһţկ¥ʱͲˣΡΡء֨֨µ죬Ҷѡ¡һ𣬸æеȣˣ߳կ¥կ¥ȻأһƬ档
ʱҶжڵϣ׳أһ׾ʮߣ²ٶأļ񣬻£ȫǼ
ҶͷԼһƣеˣûҲ֪ûʲô֢ɵ˵£룬ĵľ塣
ҪǴµĺо͸鷳ò׸ϵɲΪôС¾͸㽩ඡ
Ҷԥĥĥòע⣬ȴһƬ׶ȻǸկĻع飬Ĺǡ
ˣǸǻǻ㲻
պôԴү֮үؿ̹Ǿвͱһͱ˵СҾͷ㣬бҵүɡ
ҶһͨӣؿĴУˣСүĺݣҲ²ǲǸˡүԻֺ޹˼ɣôһ죬δЩˣͷǱԹǱ𣬶ֱӳŵүɡ
˵ҶȥҪŪѣͻȻеЩһ̧ۣӦûԵĴһ˫ĿسԼ
ȥ
ǰһǺ˳ʮ׿⣬Ṧ֮ߣš
ҶͻȻתһŲɵһԼ湻۵ģͻ¼˼ꡣ
Ǵûе⣬ԼʵһУĻҲԿסԷĹ
ֻԼԡ̶ȱģ̫ӦͬʱԼϱӵӰһСµԸȻԼ񹦷򲻲ﻹһЩ˿̬Ǿǲ򶨣סͷָĸλþǷ顣
ҶӣЩΣǴֱؿԼæ˵
ϣУ
е˵ͷ
Ҷее㲻̫Ծʵû°ɣô˵
ɫЩȻ˵䣬ˣˣˡɶɶ˵ġ
٣оȻ黳
֪߳ܵˣֵýύΪ˳ԭҲϽģԼԼĵߣˣѣֵء
УⶼᣬҸǸԭСܿɺá
͵һ۾ȵˣдʣү䲻֮ˡ˹򲻴ȴ
һȴҶĿɿڴ
ʦ㣬ôڳˣ֮£Щڳˡ
һ㶣Ų˼˵ûûӣСʱëëżʱ˵˵˳ƽƽʱС
Сʱµëʵ⣬΢ʵ͸Ĺˣ˵ëʮʱ͸ûˣû뵽пǶʮüˣĲڳԵë
ҶҲΪȡЦУǱȭΪ˵ʦ֣ʱֻȡʤû˺ʦҴʦ⻤񹦵Ȼôʱڱָ˹С
Ҷô˵ﵹǺ࣬һ֣˵˵£ˣ˵ţżǺޡġ
ҶһЦǸˣԼΪǺԼ˵ס
Ҷׯ˵ѵôʦؽҶʴʦγƺ
ȻԷֵýύĺúǾûҪزҴҴ˵ֱ֣˵ҲԵΪʹ졣
˫ֺʲһ񣬳ƶƶɮ磬绨
绨
ҶʱԼһֻУʱһƬհס

Ҷʹ绨ʱ֮뿪կ
ƾҶҲȥԸϵҹ
ʵԭҶϣ绨ϡ
ԭǰ·ĴУѰ⴦ɽկֻŴһµ·ȴɽկһڵĴ绨ǻĺУ˵ǰƴ绨𣬿ԼǿĻ񹦣ӲغĹǸȻһͷֱ˸ϡ顣
һУҲίʵֲ飬⡰կͨڣڴµҲжʮˡ
˫ԹĴɲأҲǼ仰ˡ


162 ɮ绨
կկ񣬶ͬѡһ𳤴ĵ֣Σڴеٳ֣ĵҲŽٵġ
ŸոصôկλãĴĵʱʱ渧ƽկԹҲʣŪկΣ
ҶҲŹĽӴֱӣŸһ绨뿪ˡկ
Ȼ뿪ˡկҶ˼ȴڡկϴ˼ת
Ϊģ´ʱձླ켺ǡ硱һ۵Ӱ쿪ʼ̹͡ʵ𣬻ʵǿ켺ȹ̾ڵİǱ֮·
һկʧܣһλǻб
˵ǶկҲǸ˼ܵļһ޽ڲͶʵҲǸ
̹ͨڽ׵ʱţֵ䲻ܳ£ǮɱְɱͬʱͶ̹屳µ飬Ҳûկ˵ֱһµĸֵɽ򣬿Ŵֱӻɱկկ鳾䶨ȴôҲû뵽ʱѰɽһĴ
̹ƲҲʹƲµһĺȻɱĴ𣬱𹥻û뵽ġڴӡȻڶԷķ£вԣǴֲ䣬ĵ߰˰֮󣬱ǻĴһͷϣݸߵֱӱĳһ硣
֮ǱŵòӵĶկл쾢žһ㣬ǻˮĥȸ跹һʵĵԲ˼֮Ҳһصʬˡ
ҶЩĸӦ˵⡰կԼǻٴιġ
ͬʱ⡰կĵλ̫ˣɽԶΣڻݱ˷֣ʱʱ̶̿ҪмʯֿҪࡣ
λϣկҲʯֿҪһЩ
ԼʦŴڴפϮɽһضɽͥ
ԣҶʱҲżȥҪٸϻʯֿǣ֪ͨʦǣϱԼᰵǻۣȻῴ⡰կĺôԼõġ
ε¹ʣկķ֣һջͬʱ绨ҲǴջ
绨ȻǴµĺУһɽҰĺС
Ҳ棬һϺк绨绨ϺдɽﱧҰҲ֪˭ҵĺӣȻһֻܸǸܺ
ϺзʱܺѾߡˣҲ˵ֻ׺ݵŭϺдӣΪӲԸ⣬ͬʱǴҲǸӡ
ϺдȱΪ̾Ҳգȴһĸ֮Եɡ
Ϻбܺĸӽڶӣƽʱ绨˵ʶ֡䣬绨СһʶֲУϰ俰š
Ϻоɷ̫أûд似ֻǽԼһֻ񹦽̸绨ΪĲΪֻ۸绨ûˣҲûͬС绨ӴģǴüĿϺУҲ绨ʱȱʱҰӡֱˬȴûĻ
֮绨ϺлɽеУˣ޵ߡ
ֹ˰ˡ꣬ϺҲˡ
ǰϺзԸ绨Ϻеź֮װСͬ绨Ǳؼһͬ¡ٰСһѻˣ绨ڴ˵ء
Ϻ֪ôԸϰɽ绨һһˣɽһӵġ
绨˼ά˲̫һɽֲԼļңϤĻҲСѣɽĺӣǰɽϻϵһҡǶ绨ѣ绨ЩѸûһԽ档
绨ᣬеƺʴӵ顣
ϺԼԲǰʱ绨ĳоסãأ绨ŲηӴֱֻԸǳ鷳ҿǳˣôֵģԸҲǲΪ
Ϻûˡ
绨һˮĥȡһɮۡһؼһװϺйǻҵ̳ӡ
ǰ绨ԼţһҪ¡
ϺжȻǺʹкιϸģȻΪҪԼĹǻҺһؼأΪʲôԼȥϽɣȴ绨ȥ
ȻҲ绨⣬ԣǸϺʲôԭԸµĺС
ӦòǳԹǺ绨
ӦڴµȴԸɡ


163 ִǿ
绨˽⣬ҶҲ֪˴пڳԵԭ
ܼ򵥣˵̫١
ϺȻ̻绨˵ǶģϺԲһˣʦͽ˾ղһԵġ
ѧ˵绨ֳµȱ˵Ͳôˡ˽գ绨ֻ˵ʱİͣһرż߶ȼеʱһǲֵġľʱ򡭡
Ϻн̸Ψһһģÿ춼Ҫϼ顣
Ϻ˵ˣֻҪȫλ˼Գɷˡ
ǰǰ
Ħڭ۶ľǴ˷̼ΪҪľ䣬Լᡢ٣ȴǼḻ
һ̽Կա㲻ǵ֮õġ
ҶǸ̸绨Ϻʮֺ棬ֱϵµһɨɮʵɣޣ˭̽һɨɮݡ
绨ʦҲˡ
ʦʲô
ʦʦĻе֡
ҲǣɽϾôʦͽˣһɤ˭֪е˭Ϊ˶Էûˡ
ʦǴµĺô
гңУ˭ʲô
԰е
λʦʲô֪ʲôҲȥ
ҶϷ绨ʦ˽⡣
Ҷ绨˵Ǳ񹦣ʮָȤ˹֮ʱƽ죬ǹ룬ˮ֣ţơϸ˼еƽϱʮ֮һġղ塿
ղ񹦡ʮ֮ƷľڡǡΪĴɮеĿռɣΪŽ񹦡֮һԽ˹ľϤر
ռΪлĴ󻤽̷֮һëʨлѷǰҵлѷԸȭŹһʮȭռ޵ʮ֮һղ塿𣬡ȭڿռɮȴûһãлѷ˳ԭˣлǣռԾּܿлѷƣлѷַȭȭڿռظ֮䣬ռȫ񹦵ͷҲûռѪ֮ʱѣˤڵء
ռȻˣšղ塿ţƾëʨлѷŹˣۡϲĻŹķȼǡ̫Ԫ񹦡֮ϣǴ˵СʯϵԵĹǡϵ߶˱֡աϵ
ղǷػգȻȻӲʡʯʯ
˷ĪҶֱӾͶһֻڳȼƷĹΪŹΪֻڳȼĪʱһ˽⣬֪ԭԭĵ׶ˣѧĹȼ߲㼶Ҳֻ˺۷壬ȫûϵй
Ҷ֮࣬ҲһƬ
΢һ£޵ļ񹦾ϵĹ⣬󲿷ֵĹ۷ֹʮΪߵȼں۷׶ֹͣ
һ룬Ҳú
ѧϾ˴е˻Ϲٶлһϵģİǳ롣ݵעԽѧߵز
ԡǬŲơΪ߲Ϊֹǵ괴ǬŲƵλˣҲֻ˵㡣дĵ߲ķԼҲδɣֻƾŴ仯ѡ
޼ڹǿֱ˵߲㣬ͨʮžھλƽģǶǣȻ;Ҫ޼ɴȫ֮ģҪƾΪֹôͷ߻ħǷմȫ̱Ծ
޼ɽҶ
ΪѾһЩ񹦾ĴߵΪҪˣ˵Ҷ˴ʱѾȫһ񹦾ļ̳ߣߣŽߺߵĽɫת䡣
ÿһ񹦾һŴŵʵ
һ˼룬ԳɾһžҶӵжٸ˼أκһѾ˼֮ϣи߲εݺͽһ룬Ѫڡ
ˡŋ翸󡱵İҶҲȻԼԶѧȼ
ղ塿Ҳһ
ҳϣղ񹦡·ĽťʾĻǣһΣ켶ƷҪ2000ܵ㣬200գǷ
ǣǷأ
Ȼѡ񡪡
ûôļܵ㣬Ҳûôʱȴ
Ҷڡŋ翸󡱵Щ˽⣬ͺһ̨˹һͿϸɵ־ѧרңҪٶȣҪԴøӴǸ㹻ȥ
áŋ翸øӿټǲˣҶԸṩǳķϣ·ؽʵѧ
ղ񹦡ĽοӦþ绨ǱؼΪʲôֱ׹ʵҲǺܼ򵥣ж͵ѧɵĹĽֹĹ涨ûõԭ˵ͬ⣬˽ܣΪеĴɡ
ԼҪǶ绨е񹦣ͷǴµľŪûᱻȺ׷ɱϵ书ġ
ֶδΪά֪ʶȨҲһɫˡ
ðΣգ緢չ֪ʶȨȫԼѧˡ
ҶԸһЩȥԼѧҲԸΥִɣĿȥռЩΣյıˡ
ޱˣҶֻ񹦸ֻû⴫񹦣֪µ÷ѩѾ֣ؾҶˣֻܽУ󣬸⴫Ǵѹǻڳǵķ˵Ծʦ̫пܻɳֹҶ书ء
Σգ
Ҷ·һûһظ绨죬ͬʱҲԼС̡
ȡ֮֮
г뽭ԸԱ㱻˳ʱʱ̶̿һֻ˷ܵشܣҪ˴ܣֻĻǹˣѧʵϡɣȸû𣬾ԲමңʽûУеľ磬ʤеġ˷˸ƴ
绨ȥѧؼģŪãµĺǿ绨֮ſɿͣǴ˴µѧԼΨһõóֵͲֵǮˡ
Уҵȳ绨ɾӣڲ飬պᶼûС
ҶһתЦظ绨˵УһֵܣҼ񹦸ϧֶίʵмйҪã̸Σ
绨бͶҶ书ͶأҪӦȴͻȻ˿ҶĳһƲ˵㣬򲻣С
զˣҶһ˵似еġ
绨һ֣۾Լľˮĥȣһ㶣·ͭһ죬ŵ˵ûУүǵļһ֡󡢹ǿһӵؿҶﳤһۣ㣬Ǹ⣬󡭡ģѧˣиá


164 ٻʯ
Ҷһĺߡ
ʲôүǵļһʲôִǿ
ֱɲүжСޡ
ӵļһˣ
Ҷ绨ллıŪѻѡ
ȫµүǣǾԲԸģһ棬һǷ
ʱɲ˿Ӹ˱ȼһСʱ򣬸οԷ塭ȡҶҲǲɵġ
һӻҶһѽ绨ȸ˹ŭȵľԴ̸㽣Ҳѧᡭˣǡħȷ
ˮĥһһת˳ƻӳһɶγɣʮ֮һġħȷʩչ
绨СʹʽٶصľȣҶиǩûзֱǾˮĥȻΪӰҶȫС
ʱסħȷĿ磬жⴵɣͬ裬ȷһ䣬գȷתʮ׷Χ֮ڣһʱ֮䣬ʮ֮ڣɳʯʮ֮⣬峿
ҶӰͬһ˶ڵϡ֮ڣһƬ¡¡֮ڶﻯңʮ׵ļϣǿﻨ㡣
绨п𺳲ѣνġħȷʵĿѣԣӲУأ
绨һƳۣƼԶһʯ²һ˶ߣǧأг˹ȥֻһײʯͷ͵һᣬɽ壬绨һЦ˫۱žʯһһ£ǧľʯٹͷȵţżһ
ء
һɶٿ𣬾ʯȻҶӰ֮Уһһ֮УĿɿڴؿһ˶ߵľʯͬһӽ̿еѩһѸٵڲǿʯ׹䣬ʯǧӰӲĥʯۣԱѹ£Ӱ֮Уûһ۳Ʈó
⡾ħȷһ̨κνӴĶԽ飬ǹڵĲͬʱӰеĵѹбħȷסĵˣ˷ܵɽѹŷѹɽһ㶯áħڡѹǡħȷ
ҶȷҲֻǱݸ绨һѣû뵽ʮȻһףűԣħȷһСʮħʹӰ֮ڣϵ¡˷Գò硣
ȵҶˬ˹֮ʱԼ·֮أΧʮֱ֮ڣӲγһҵ˶ӡ
йѧѧ
绨ϲѣȷ似ɷŹ
ֻǰ˼绨Ҷ͵һһʨˡ
ǿٿȻϮֱԺХ绨ס䣬ԴһֱۣһƬתȻܿƵعڵء
ٿȻһͣ绨ȻڵأһȻؿҶٴηУȷһͷ͵سǰһᣬһ޴ĲѲǰֱʮ࣬һ·ϵĲͬľ²һˢˢضϳء
Ҷǰʹ񹦾ַŵѧֱǡħȷʨӺ𡿺͡ŵط㶼ǡʮ֮һ
ҶеĽӹѧԷź͵ϵͳѧ뱸ɵ͵ߣϵͳ˵ʦţǴͷһ³Ҳٻ¡
绨Ϊ˵ֱʣֻǶ̶ʱڣѾԼ޻̸ֱˬ֮ĳ죬ǰκεССۣԵ˲ʵѵõ֪ǲĽύһꡣ
ѧҲѧһ书һΰʣСèСѾһЩҲһš
ѧˣʹѧڵ塣
ͬģѧѡУֻ绨ѧõóѧŷӵþѧ
ԣҶе־ѧڸ绨ĴУ˷ѣҲǱ
ҶܿģǸ绨гԼĲӣšˡˡӡ⹦̸ҡŭʱ򣬼ԼڶԷ˺ֱ죬ԼϱԷ˿ˮҶȻĵĹЦֹ
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ѧģǻġ
׾ѧһ޶ĺѣʲôֵõأ
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165 ɽ
ǼСǻױɸӵļ᰺ͳ顣
ϼЩȤԺ￴һǸһĴУȴҶ˵˵һˣʲôﻮ㰡ҪǴС椻Ҷ֣Ҽѩ˲磬лʲô˼ѵɹΪô
ҶٺһЦȻˣʦҾԹ˼һûиĻͥĴ㡭
ţúԡһ۾ŵҶͷ
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ЦеضҶߵ裬ͼֻбʲôְֵɣ
ҶһϼëȴЦز˵
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ɫһ˷ҶһҶġɱԱճĶҲһջ
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ֻǶԷԼҪеĻǣֲԼ;תȥˡ硱Ϊʲôһ·ľ룬λȻ˻ûĽأ
ҶԼɻҲ˵˼᰺ͳ顣
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֪η淨öϰڹ߻ħϡ߻ħһ󣬾ˣܿƵҴܡ
һҪʶܷɣߴңص߻ħ˼塣
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ʱ䣬һ֡
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ֻҶܸеһЩףƺħıӦûһЩö֪ߡ
Ĳ˵Ӧʱ̩עİȫҪħš
ֵܼ֮󣬽ˮЩؿһҶĴУ΢΢һЦ˵磬Ÿɰûǽλʦء
绨˵ãùң˵˵ǵģңҵġ
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ҶȴһԴҡͷʧЦǸ˵˸ǽˡҲãһͬĽľ¥͡
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ʸ̩˵ͷЩؿ绨Уһƽ˵ֻǰҳмҳӦûǡ޺ȶ񹦡ҲǴҶѾõġ޺롾չħ䷨ԲľСΪĴ񹦡
ŹǡСԵ¡񹦣ǰа֮սΪħͻȻСԵ£СԵ¡ʦš޺ֻѣħŶйڣǵöǰаսħĽ
ⳡս֮ʿƾʦСԵ¡û뵽ʦһҹ٣š޺Ҳһͬʧ
Ϊš޺ȶ񹦡ʹʧ벻ȴڴ˴Եü
˵оʼҴеĻʸ̩Źǣǰ־¶˶꣬˱Ҳ˵⡾޺ȶ񹦡֪ŵĴ֮һ벻ıôһι¡
ģ˿ԺԺȵ绨Уֵĺ档ͬʱµλпܾǵꡰСԵ¡ĺˣпʦǸ˵ʧ˵ʦ
ɢʯ룬ȻʵŹȷǡ޺ȶ񹦡ô绨ʦпǵʧ˵ʦֻʦɽҲˣΪʲô󻹽Ź͸أ
ӦǵаսУ³ʦжɣʸ̩Щ˵
ҲпСԵºʹ֮ԨԴɡһֱô˵ĽˮͻȻ˵
ŶԸꡣʸ̩Ϊ˼侲һ˫۾ųǻ۵ĽˮĪͣԲɵ׷ʡ
ΪСԵͬһǷ̾ţ˵СԵµס֣Ǵµĸɮֻںǧݱ䣬֮Ŷӹϵ֮ϵȻסʦСԵҲֱͶˡ
һͬͷǡ
˵ʲôţǾŵģоǺУ಻ڡ֮ôôôףһԵİԴеͿɵóʵ
ˮЦ𣬻ʸ̩Ϊ࣬Źǣʱٴչٿȫ顱ĽɫЦŽ͵ŽǷ𡢷ɮ𡯣ǾţԣţаɮɮǾţȾ
ţΪ޳ַ𷨵ķʽ
ڣ𴫣ֱָ֣ģԳɷ𡣽һ򡯣Ǿšһϣ¸ͬ޳ַˣ޴ԡǻۣɾ͵ģ
޳ֵţշž飬ǳһ޳ֵģ˴֮⣬̨ڡڡڡڶߵšǳκ˽Կ޳֣
£ڣڻжڶ޳ֵľţ˵ǡ徻ġҵҪߣ޷𷨵ž
šԣƽȣи¡
δ֮ǰŸвͬ˷ţַ޳ַ𷨣;ͬ飬һ޸ߵ֮
𡢷ɮţ
¥һǴŽǴŻǺŽ֮󣬶Ǵãһط
ֻԼ޳ֵķŲ;а;˵δʧƫˡ
ǵӵܣСѧĶǶࡣʸ̩˶Է֮еĲԣ˴ŵ˽⣬ҲǸСԵ֮Ĺϵˡ
ѲⰡԴһצӣ̾ǰɣŶаǰɣͻȻ˽֮ϡʼٸ߻ħţѵҪ´ô
вɵһ𣬿˿ͷҶٿͷԵ绨УһһҶô׽ôһζ
ò˵С͵ʹ۹ϬƬ֮ҵĿֵǮĶҲһֶθҶˣеĹؼҲˣȻ󲿷ʱ䶼Ϊ֮ġ
ħŸɿΪΪ˼̫Ԫ񹦡ɨԼϰǰСԵΪʲôأΪ𡾰޺ȶ񹦡ɣԴɻʵ
ʱҶ¼ɣͬʱҲ˸˵ܡ
һ̾ȫ˵ע˦˦еؼתͷһЦ˵ҵһԭˣ˵ҵ˽
ҶɨһˣĿ绨̩ϣ˵绨磬鷳߬ȭͷ˵ȭͷ
ɻ֣ͬʱ˹˵ƤһɲǼ䣬˽ɫ˽ķ񡭡
һͬɵ̩绨ҲˣԷı𾪡


169 ȺŹ
绨̩˵˹֮仯μһ£Ϣȴвͬ绨еĽΪۣƽ𣬶̩ĽΪˮ绨ϢзŵĸҺ̩Ϣȴ˹һ˿аƽʱ绨һȽϣЧԡ
Ҷ̩ˮ֪Ź֮ˣ϶һ㺮˪
⣬ǡ绨ЩɻʵλֵܵĹôһ
˿˿ֿ̩˿ҶȴŴ𰸡
Ĺǣдħõ

˺Ȼɫ
Ȼ˹ȻѧϰħŹⲻǱоô
Ҷ͵ŹֻǵħţԴҲˣħŵаԣصҲҪԿΪҪرķʽ̼ҲЩɻеԭ򣬵տŹ뵱Ȼˡ޺һЩѧ˼·޸ħŵĹʹ伴ֲرķ̼ԭŹȻȫħŵĹɷͳħȻŹؽһλħ֮ˣǿƾ
磬ڿɲǸ̾ħ˲ǵʱڿһ˲õķءˮ侲ֳ֣˶һֲ̫ĸо
ԴٺٸЦ˵ȷȷǷ˶ǰħŸСԵµܣǽеһιˡϲɺء
˵Ĳˮش˰ԴЦЦ˵ǷֵҪصĶ࡭
Ŷʲôʵ
ˮɫ࣬˵ǷֵǡħŵжʵڶǰѾʼˡ
˺Ȼ
ǰħŸСԵ£Ϊľš޺ΪľǸĽħԼġʱշǰľǡʮޡ
ѵǰħű㿪ʼ˽յĲô
һôǿıأ
λǷһ˵ʵǷսϵĴСС¼õһȫµӽǣȫµݣȫµƶϣҲõȫµĽۡǳֲĽۡˮŲŲ·ƶü䲻ħŶǰѾˡ뷨ʵʩԿΪ󣬷ôʮ˸֣ô
ˮ˵Ҳ²⣬ħŵ겢ûеõġ޺ſҶһۣҶ˵ͷ֤˽ˮĲ²⡣ˡŋ翸󡱵ķҶȻ׷֮֡ı仯޺ǰʮعأأҲ˵ħŵõĹûС޺صĹ
ǺãǿԿ϶ħŵûеõ޺ȫûȫе©ûа취⣬ֻǵ˽ԲֻŪ˶ʮ˸ֳ
ô˵ĻۣħŻپͨĺ֣ħŵõİ취ʱ䲻Ͼнķӵôֵħţֻôٶأ
оѾ֪ðһ亹
֣
һôֲ顭
Ҷüͷ˵ֻĲ룬ħӵôֵĻһʹ󶯸ɸ꣬շ֮УˣıƣҲȥֺõع
ˮ˵ͷ˵˵ǣħһʵʩƻ;Уٴʲôⲻ⣬ʹֵļƻʵʩǻӦδѰΪ֪ʲôʱħžͽҲ˵ǸʱǿҪԵĲǵħŸ֣һ֧ȫɵľӣһ֧ħŵ
˻
ͬʱصһһʱ֮г
ˮ˵ʵ飬£ٲľˡ
أһʱĬȫ¼žֻ绨ӵ
ٺٺ١
ʱһЦ˹üͷһҶ˭
ֻʱҶʶطŪؼֹȫĻȫûע⵽ʱԼ˹עĽ㡣
˼泡ߵˡجѶȡԽǱȽѣľӢҲ˼ǣڹ߸ʵҲⱻȺŹġ¸ȼ֮ġ
ף
ֳܵЩҶһ̧ͷŷ˵Ŀⶼ˹ĿԼǸࡢԺȵĴ绨ҧ㶵ؿԼһʱεЦλЦˡֻС˷һ£񾭲
˵ţӣƶһһϾ˰ɣʱ㻹ʲôֵ˷ܵİԴӲǱӣ˵
ɽ˲ųûΣѣӢۣҶЦ˵ǰħܱඣڷҲԷܷôҲܣҸ㣬֮󣬻TMD㡭
ͷһ񣬶ؿҶϹ׻
ҶȻüɫ˵缸룬ǰħشģʲôشĸĲˣǰսʤһûˣû˽죬ֶЩ֮㣬˶ࣿǻ
İɣλħжЩһ̷ġʱ򣬸Щ˳ͷӡƼȻħſţûƿѾ֪ǵĵƵʲôˡ
ҶضؼֶһģħŲƣǾ˵ǻʱ䣬ֻҪʱ䣬ǾͿǿԼĵơʱŽŽʿܷչǿʵһаսٴչǾͲǵѣµĴʱ
ħŵٺãҲÿô򣬸ÿô
ʱӢۡǣպ⡮ϣǼĴˡ
á
ҶǰլеĽܳYYĵʿĿڲţ֮ˡ
ҶһϯĺѪֻܶЩħŸ֣¡
Ϊնħ£һһ롭ҶȾ뾴ơ
Ϊաɢʯ档
Ϊ̫ƽʸ̩ϡ
Ϊ˼̩ȵ
ΪѪֵܡˮȳ
Ϊɱù񫡪绨ŭ
ΪһԴƴڻ
ͬʱȣǸɡ
һվƣаһںȸɣһףͬʱЦ
һʱ鿺ܣ֮ǰһɨ⣬ٴƱյȴһ޵Ľӿһͬһܼشֻаٶ
߾ȻеУۣŲһ
䡪
һ촫˸վսϤǿ߽ս졣
ҲͲסģƿϸۿ
Դ봰ȿߵΣֻһۣ㾪ιҿ˼Ҵ˺١ѾӡСӥҵǶСŮΧ
͵һ
ҶȵҲ٣ʲôֵܱ۸ˣһﰡ


170 ˫
һƽҽûǸƽƽһ˼ıϣȥӭһǹͬѵˣڵһ˫ȡ֮еĺһĴˡ
һֱ磬õȵ˻ûû뵽ȴ˲ˡ
˫ɺ層ֱŵıһӵܵĶڸϵˣ鵱еȻҲǸĳ档
ɷ족ڵĸ֣һͬǰĳֵе塰ֱڵĸ֡
λ֮⣬еԱоȻλͬ򣬶Ҿ㶼ǵ꽭׿ɷǡ
һʮ͡ͺӥǵĴ󺺽ͺӥ¹һһɢӲġǡ
˶ǵڽϷ˴ˡУ׷ɱͶ·ǿˣûг·֮£Ͷɹ˫
˫ںڵպգĺ伫Ϊƫ̻ݶʹںڵеΪӣ԰Եơ
Ͷ·Ľ˫ҵ֮˵˫ֹˡֻűɡʮ֮ʮλݺ͵λӲѹסҪ˼
˫֧飬Ȼڻµʱ䣬ȵʧ˿еĻҾ泾䶨֮󣬷ڡᡱĻ֮ǰյؿ˹
˫һĸǰĿķǳԣǾǶö޼ɵ־ڱصãΪľ˫Ϊɫ˲ţԾСӡԻ͡
ԻͣľҲ
¶ӡ
һΣ˫յϢ֪˻ʧ˿и꣬Ϊ˲Ͻȥڻͣʧ˿ԽԽңȻ̹˹硱ɽׯŲսĻ߲սǰ˫ֵÿ֡ȵأɽׯҲԪ˵ʱ򣬷Ÿϵ˵أֻ¶ţųΤЦս֮˫ѹΤЦ죬ᱦʤʤǲʤ˫ַϡ޼ɵ
г˶ӳ棬ȻסΪڸԼܣǹһƽԴСֶԸһƽ˫𳵼ҵΪˣеĳ˸ɱġ
ֵ׶񣬴Լ۸ˣʲôʱ۸
ҪڡɽׯͰһƽɱӺֻˡ
Ц˵ģΪҪϹ书ϣٽһһˣڸΣ֪˫³ץС֣ȻˣСĳòҪѧǫãҲҪԼֵһ֡
ȻҲ֪ԳԻ͵ӣ֪δп˫ıΪԼպĺӣȻŹκĻᣬ˳Լ׵Ļͷ˵ǵȻˣץǶԷ۵СãûԻ͵ܲͷĹ񫣬뷿ҲǶβ׵
ˣͶлĺˡ
ԻΪ˿ҲǸʲôûϸŮӣͱ߲ܵģҪʲôôǾҪԻ͸ˡ
ڳֵܵɹһҶģôܸı˭ȭͷӲأɹһƽΪǼʯͷòͷˡ
˫ˣŶԸһƽˣŭһ¶ɹȣ˫Ϊ˿սϧ
һǻ˫ˣû뵽ֱĽǵĳŴµһƽˡ
Ϲǡ
ɫе˫۶ȺеŮмǿһ۾Ϳ˳һ跻ϢϽãȻҲͿ˱ϵһƽչˡ
һƽ˱һֱעųŷһ˫˳֣֪ãһƽקһչͶϣȵ˫ˣѾͷߡ
Ǹһڵ˫ŵȶӷһһƽǿߣ˦ӣ˭Ҳ˵֮زز޵չȥһ١
ߡ
չһһסϽãչֱӾ˷ȿ񱼡
Ϲ
ͬһʱ䣬ƢҵġֱһչжѴϸĻһбɶת˺һðһųҵĺɫ棬һȦպһƽ
һƽϣҶơʩչһŻӰĳֱ
Ҷơе񹦾ֱġǲضã˹ǲ࣬ڵΪһţХֵĳŴҳһš
׷С椣ץסͣүһڣϡһ߿»Űٶ˫־ͳ˹ȥ

ӰһԻṦչΪһ磬Хųܵļ׷ȥǳԻɡԭԻҲûεı𵱳ôһ£֪˵УĵҲʮؿȻûеĶһ£ֻɲ֮䣬ԻͿǶԾɫ˫òɵʱĴ󶯣޲һƥٿ죬Լ硿ԹṦأ
Ի׿˫ˣ׺չ˼׷ȥ

󣬡ͺӥ¹͡ǡҲչ׷ųԻ׷ȥ
˫˼ƴҲҪԻ͵İȫ
չ˫ǰɱӥеġӥű䡿Ҳ¼һֻǴʱṦһĻëѾͷʵʩչ
û취ɹȵ׷磬ôѾͷϰǴΪֻѧһЩǿ֮ãûʲô̳²֮뷨ѾͷṦڹ似ϡƽĺܡž书ĴУԸһЩֲͨڻ£ҪǶԸЩ֣δЩвˡ
ۼ˱ҪṦ׵С׷ϣչͷһŭա
TMDСүʲôʱ׷ƨɽׯһУǶ˶ˡ
ĳԻͻȻһЦǰǸСָүүſүүҪСźȾƣʶĿͷϴԻүү㲻
ҿүҳ߶̨Ҳˡ
չһŭ𣬶˵ߣҪɷߵǸ˵
˵껰˫һϽãСӥշɣֱӺԾȥͷ½ϣֱ˫צץһƬ֮£ͷĳԻ͡
úá
ԻͼǰǸṦ׵СܲԼļתӦսϲ˫ִӱһͣһ
ڹɳһسչնȥ˶ķ֣ݣǳԻԼ֮߳ļ׶Ϊһڹ׶Ӱӭչצ


171 һ
Ի͵书νݶݵķ֣ƾżٵתǿиչΪû壬ֻҪմһƤͻᱻи˿ڣһƬѪ⡣
£ԽıԽռˣΪֻҪγˡ
Ի͵ġ׶л˴Ǯӡ󡱶ƵİƷò϶ԼõļƷ꾫϶ŵϺţʽʵǲɶá
Сӥչ֮»֮ʱֹһХӥ͵һŤ˫ջһڰк׾룬㿪ֵĹܿ˳Իϵ˫׶˳Ի͵ĺϷ˫ֳצԹչһԾ޴Ľɫצӥһץ򳵻Ի͵˫硣
Իɫһ䣬δϵṦ׵꾹ȻϵĹҲôãձľԼҲģҿצҲ޾
Իǰһշɵض㿪չķ˫ֳ׶һ죬ĴԲףô׶ͬһڳԻתͣͬʱԻ͵߶תøӿ١
СӣܽסүСɱ
ԻͷͲ࣬Ҳ£ԻڱռƣչðٱƳƽ
Իֵʱ絶ӿʱ˦ѷ룬ְתնչʱԾŤܼ䲻ݷض㿪ֵ˫צ磬
һ
ֻδУԻֱѾԶԶظ
չһ󼱣ҪʩչѳԻ֮ͣززͬʱǶãȻԸһͬչ
չһʱΪֻ࣬Ϊ˵ΪʮָжҲǣлҲǡ
ǳԻͷһ㶣ɵôֵС椹Ȼ᲻ø磬ֻ
áٻ˫һͬ򳵻Ի͡
书ȻǾʱԻѾСӥչƵ似ЩףʱټŮҼ׾չϲɫľצ͵رСϣӿбƵǰϵƣΪٻһסצӥܼۡʹžžžһצӰֳԻȫ
һƵʹߣӰէ֡
СӥչٴηϽñܡ
Իʱұ価飬ץ۴Ӽһֱ쵽󣬳Իʹֱð亹ͬʱĿŭ㣬ɱڡ
չͷסԷļƲʧܣǳԻҲǸĽɫӲӥצ֣Ǹ첲ϵѪ۱˵
˴ûܳɹʣµľֻٴˡ
ʱȻ˳ԻߣԻһѳ¡ͺӥ¹Ĵۣϣڸסֱϵƣͬʱŭסǣˡ
ͣ㣬ֱ˸ոһʮ·ĵչˡ
ֶݵı֮£һǰһ󣬽˵˽ġ
һӳſڵ׷ֱʱĽıסƬ̣˫ӵϵڳ񱼣ձ̤Ľǵʱҳһš
һƽԶԶؿΣżƼȫֱӲƴһǣҶһ죬Ǵʱ
չ˱ΧڽĵУܱӵİձ˫ϵΧȫΧ˵Уһʱѡ
ϿЦܣܣүүϵСҲܣ
ŭĿȵճģˣ˫ٰԵҲôǶɹȰɣҪҵսô
Ц漫ΪţݣǶɹһҶģҲҸ˫Ტۣүһָ׻Ҽ
һ˫һ޼ɵĴЦⶴɹȸͲǸʲô֣ܹ˫ͬʱںڵ֮ϣ˵֪
ڵĵһɣȲɽǣҲʮӥֻ˫Ǻڵһɡ
һǿ׳죬ſѾͷүǵĸү˳Ƕɹȣ˫Я֤ǶɹȰȣ˸ҶǷֺǾȻƲԳԷƣͲҪүҸǿˡڱүٸһᣬֻҪүҵС檣˫֤㶴ɹȹĻΧһָԵٺ٣ûУʧ־ܡߺߣΧĵ־ͶǶɹȵĹүˡ
Ͻñüҧűƴ뵽ԼĽֱ˻ȽϺù
棬ĹƨԾҲ
һ㶣һӿ˵ãžžžֹ˵ãúãðүⱲӶûСɱġɱһҿү㣬ˣүҲǹ·ʮ·ڣհһ¶ɹλɫǧжôɧүˣ˵ͼӣҼһӶûŮ˵˺֮ͥ£һμʬơⱲӶⳡô𣿡
ûУôÿĶû
û
Ҫүĺ鸣ʶʶ
ιС椣Ͻүǿ

漫ݣ󳵻ɡԻ͵ȼ˫ĸ߲㣬㶼һаضųڵСѾͷ绨ݣ۵Ƥ۲
˫а޼ɵ۹⣬ŷѾְǵþ⣬ˡ
ϽĿᣬֽܷܷеıˡ
ʱչһһεסѾͷģʱչǿ֧š
Сӥչûôصɱ˫ĿӥѺֵһɨ⣬ʱһֻӥһ˵ѾͷˣչڣȺǵͷ
˫˵ĴЦȻ
СӲӡ
TMDƾҲҸ˫ԣòͷˡ
ɱ
ι
ɱүϲСøˬˬ

˫ʿȫЦǰϣ·Ц¡
ɿչЦû˸ôƲ˫Ǹ֪СҲҪΪ˸ۡ
Ի˫Ŀ䣬ͺӥ¹Ĵֱϵƣȴڸǲסͷŭɱ
ָչıӺȵTMDСſ֡TMDϼүҿϵŮҲͷӲƨۡ
չٺһЦ˵Сүţð˫˸ˣСүвգʮӥ˳ơСӥչıǡ˫֣һͬɹȺʮӥսɣ


172 Ȼ
Сӥչáٻ˫Χڽģƽɢǰȴ°Ȼؿˡ
ı˫ĸͷΧܵĵ̡¥֮ϣȴѾվ˿ֵȺһʱ֮䶼۷׷ס
ѽ˫ˣ̤Ľǣһ·ǲ˲ʮ˰ɣȻǹŵġ
ǵڴΤЦ氡̫ˡ
ǱΧסҲǺݽǣСѾͷǶɹȵˣǿԶս죬һǶɹȵˣһ˫ĳֱǣףʱܶġ
ʱΧڽĵǸԱǡӥӵʱʱһƬ֮
˫ˡ
˫ʮӥϷÿ
ܷϵʿ޹˼ɵųµı䣬һʱ

徰ȻԵõվһ¥ֻǶˣû˸ҵ¥Ϊм书׵ģҪųһ徰ֽŽ
Сӥչ𣿺ǺǣǸѪյͷ࣬ΪС椣Լ˾أҲǲ֪ˡ˵
㡭ô徰ͷҲأ䵭ʵ
ңǳЦȻҲôûҪ˵ϼȻĻ֮ͬͬ飬ˣҲˡٿҲɱչġ
ȻҲô㻹Ц
Цһ˵ڿҪģҪӢ۾̫ףȴȻ֣ȾҪԴΪԮȡ
ﵱȻұָ˫֮ܵѪܵƣȥ׳һ㣬㱯Ӣ۵Ϸ룬лѵáʧܣҲҲηǿȨֻϹӡ󡣿ϧ˫ǹˣչеۣȻֻΪѣΪɫʧ֮³ˡ
徰һô˵óˣ
֮ˡеһϣȻЦڻֻ˽ֻ˫֮ΪŮִѡ˫һ㣬𹫷֮ʱٿǷְɡ

徰Ķ棬һĲ¥
үǸΧסСӾҪֵġСӥչ𡭡
һʮ겻ģӴڻ
ҪĶһüޡһӢ꽣ͣ꽣ͺһڲ裬ڲõĳطϣ˵չ𣿺ߣʧΪӥİӻмֵֶܽʮϣһۣߣ治ʧ
껰أһƴһԱ𣬡ŶСӥչ벻˵ֵķۣ¼ûп빫ӱȼſ˰ɣǸڤڵֵأ
ԭý꾹ȻǡһɽׯġСڣĽĶӣµһĽֶӡ
ѯģһ˴Լ·Ůӣɴװ£ˣɴ棬ܽȴ֣·ǲɴΪ˿ףֻΪͷջʹܲסȥһѽ¡
Ůµţ񾲶ׯһǼչԼ˷ıǮ
Ըȴģһټ飬ġ
ռڤжۣʱȴֺαؿңٴ𳤽ãЦһΤЦ쵹ȫȻǸ󡯵Ĵ˶ˡǴȥ֪Ǹһġһ˳ʲôӡ
֮һķǸдϢȥӰԲħ
ΤЦεºֵҷǸأ֪һö޼ɵˡҪħʧ˿꣬ʦСŮǰ̽һ
ͻȻһЦ˵ֻΪħôͣжӥĿضŊӵ˫ۣЦĲֹħô򵥣ǰҲֳټͬʱǼҲڴ˵أȻҵڣ¾塭ѵ˼ҾͲٶô
ڽֿһ۴⣬˵˶ۣСӥչ𣬿Ҳʹ˴ɣ
һЦӯӯǰһ磬ת֮ʱ¶һ˿̬Ǹ˸һеĽŮӵ
Ůٴתʱѻ֮ǰǸĮȻ̬ȣԱߵҲǴֵͷһû̧ͷģ
ɴ̣ڤһţܳšȫͨ似ָڳˡҺڴλһȸµĳŸˡ
𣬷Ǹˊʧԭء
ؿſһ˵Ĵ̨һߣڤҲҽߡ
һ׹֮ϲӲȥһ롣

֮⣬һʮ·ڣۼ˸Ĳ֮ʿ
һֿڣʮﹰһ޴ͣһ·ڣĴڣ˫۾ضߵΣ
ȺУһŻĹӣŽһϷʵؿźϷ
һȺУһһƲ£ͷҵĽضųУһĳУǰѳһƤڰִŲƥѡ

ʱĳУšСӥչŭ˫˿ЦٿȻһ
СǡӥĶӣ
ʮ֮֡һĵӾͲǶɹôǵˡ
Ŀ࣬Ի͵һұһۣаޣǸ֮ϣҲҵͷ֮ϵġСӥչô
˫λ񣬶ɹԶھϣҪܼʮӥȴȫͬݵ˫һֱγѹ֮ơʮ˫ţȴ޷һ˫ʮӥĺֱ죬ҲͬС
˫һʱ֪Ǻã㶼ѯƵؿͷ˳ɡ
ɫŶеչɫδйһ˿һĶҡ
Сӥչ
ߣϷͿĹˡ
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ֱϾǸСǸ죬ûҪ֣̫ʮӥˡ
СӥչٿȻľû뵽˫ȻˣڵͬʱȻսνǴ޷⡣
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սʱ̣ʮһ¥ϣȻһ죬Ӱ¥ĴбһʨһĴɤű
СĪ£绨ڴˡҪҪĶ
СӥɫɲǼࡣ
СС
TMDĸ˵⺿֡


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绨еһ˷
ֵʿʱȫЦˡ
Ĵ鳣Сӥʶ˳ͷĻ˫ڵ棬ǲˡ
Ҷһˣֻ̩似ʱȫȫ洫ʮʽĪҪó˵ĺá
Ҷϵ
չɫ࣬һȴԼֵܣȻǸĴлһŮĹӲʶ˵ȣԼͬ
Ƿ˷ȱܹҶһɫۣϻͷȴ߳ɢҷͣۡ
ķ˰
չСİ
һȣչ𷽲ŻعǰѾѸֵһնһؿ˹ȻǡԪĸ֡
չһСã͵ط𣬼䲻ݷشѸֵļй֮˳졣
ʱ˵İΧ֮У֮ʱиʽ˹չתۣӲ˵İΧȦԾ˳ȥ˫ֽ˫͵سҶ˳ķ򣬷һףͬʱȵңߡ
˫Ծһգ۱㱻˰ΧȦΧչ֮ʱʱȺ֮УɣסչԳ׿Ṧ˫ͽľ˿ս

ҶṦߣһ·ȱһ෿ǰԴʥṦҲһҶӣٿܡ
ʮ׵ľѸٽӽ
û뵽ǣһֳͷģܵģڵϳм׶εĴ绨
Ҷ˳ʱ˫ֳ˶ʮؽֳ˹ɱԮչС
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ֹķϣȻҲ˼˫֣Ҷɱ˹
Σڳ˶һ
ҶȻšǧϻҲֻΪԷһԵ֮ʱǽ߬ġ¡Цųɱ˫֣Ҷúãոնһ˼žѧҪԽ
ҶδӴ֮ʱϵսд졣
ǰĻʸ̩ͽˮɱ֣֪ԽߣҪٸߵҲѡȫٱϮʿԺ
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ͬʱҽе֮ʣһһֱӱײ˳ȥ¡һԱһӺȻ˰ߣʱûϢ
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绨һɱУһͬʱˮĥбһֱնͷʿİӷ˰գǰһƣͬͷ룻ѪˮУٴǰһԲһǺģٺһﱻֱȷɣҽûУֻһ·ϱһѵ죬ײһƬ
ͬһ̹ѹһʮڼ֮䣬ȫɣ绨гͷ˫ΧȦǰʱʮ׳ľϣѾȫΪһƬѪ֮··ͨ˼䣬ս
绨绨޲֮£ͬһƬѪɫʻ޶ĿɲǷ
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һ룬عǼط߹Ƕһͬɣ¶ķҶͲͣ࡭
Ѫͬٲһţֵǣôص˾Ȼоһʹ
ܸо˫ԼײеʵʵĿ⣬־ţֻ롭ԼһˣΪʲôǲһѣΪʲôҪ¶˺Ȼɫ
Ǳ߹ȥһֻ֣ǰץš
Ĳڵ࣬ĵ֮Ҫ˳Ų˵඼ݺݵץס¶Ŀõı飬˴ͣ£ˡֻǸе£Ҫ
ڵһʬ壬ôһЩʱ򣬹ĵڳ߹ǵһ£ʧȥ߹ǵһ໬˳⣬һɲǣеԼͻȻ࣬Ųñ֮ǰӯ࣬ǰ˼ŷڵĿΪĿ飬ǣͷһһصĳӺձϳķҶԻҲû̧
Ǿ߱˵ʬ壬˫ǰͷ򵹣ȻǻһɫҲѳǻһء
ʬز绨ʱһ̤Ǿ߹Դ͵һŶ£¸µĹУһɺѪˮӶԷѥӵðС˷ܵұһж³ѪȵĲпᡣ
绨впЦЦһѪ̳׺ģˮĥȣħ·ɷ졣
˶ǰӿ˰ֵѪɫˡ
ҲɱЧҪ绨߳࣬첻ĵ׺棬ɱʣҲܲϹѪĴС
пЦ죬ŭ˫˺Χ۵Ⱥǻʸ̩һμгֵˣҲ˵
Ǻаɱ¾Ϊתޣӷ辢ͺʤٱ
ϣϣס澪ؿȵԸѱ˵ӵ˫ǰЩǰŰĸǣѱֵĲп𺳣ûȥս
ȥǵĵԼɡ
溧Ȼתͷһ۵Ѿվߣһĳ߶೤ĳϸֳʬڵأ˾ʺнѪֹ
ɴ˫ۿ־岻ǣ㡪
Ҷѳ˳ľ࣬Ȼ˵ҡ


174 Ʊ
Ҷע绨ʱ򣬴һ෿ӯɱ
֮£Ѫɫʻţһֱѧɱ˵ѧ˷˲䣬¡籩ըһʽһʽһ塿˲̳˶ʮĽͻԭʮ˽Ľޣ콣꣬һ˲䣬˫֣Ѫ㣬浹С
Ҷǰ貨΢ʩչΪӰͣȫ޳ԴȣΣǰһƬ֮ʣȻš
Ҷλ泵ǰʱ򣬲ǳ棬˫˶ûע⵽١
ע⵽˶Ѿڵϲ˵ˡ
溧Ȼؿżڲϵı䳤ͬʱŷɢĳɭɫ԰׶Ѫɫ˵һݻ
ס֡ҶٿȻһȣ˵עӡ
˫ĸһԼһүȻץʣһĵù˲óɷԸҲͣվһߡ
Ͻøæ˵չ˳
ʸ̩˽˳Χһţˣ˲˰ȫش
ҶС䡪Դ߸Ĵָһɼ֮顣
绨ȣݺݵض˫ϵʿشŴŭ̵ģʹˣүûɱҶĻ÷үǶTMDı˶áʡʱʡʡʳ
ֺٴκȻЦ
ûĺֵӲʣӲӲظȫٳ̵ֶԺնвƵشȫʤеӲίʵ˵á
ҶܹͻϮ֣绨ʵںƴ֮⣬˫ЩԮҲû㹻ӡ˱绨ײи֮ʱȴ˶Բķȵע⵽ʱԼүѾ˼ˡ
Ȼ汾λÿһ෿ܣҶ֮ľ룬Ҳ˲ʧֱܵһҪԭ
ҶȣѸݣע⵽ʱҶѾ˼ȶĿˡ
Щ͵˫ٴαǰ̬Ƹѹֵˡ
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޴й̬ÿһ˫ĳԱŭ쳣
ûһΣ˫زͷϣȴõġ
˫ֱһĴɱһ˶ʮڳɵҲץʣڶʿ˾֮⣬Ҳ˫ܴΪ̡
ȥС˭˫ô˼˹ȥץʰ
ķôΧԲȦ˼ȥģ⻹˫ô
Ūˣ治˫ܱ
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ɣܱô˴˼ô˼ץʣɡ
ΧȺһƬȻ֮
˫ȻڽպգЩͷϵر޾˫ڣһʱ֮塢ֱ֮˫һ˲ɫǲ˼㣬ɷƤֻҸطȥŰݡ
복ĸ֣ǳԻֱͣ澪гŷȻ۽ǰԷ֮߾ʵ˾㤡
Ŀ겻ǳ棬ңҸô죿
ĳԻֻһ˲䣬ϵĺˣΪ֣ǶԷĿԼĻԼҲڶԷѳڲϵʱпԷ
Сʿ˭
ŭҶͬʱҲԼӵĲȻ˼ץ˷²˵С֪ôȻ˫ʶģҼһ棬Ҫеطңûطᡭ
Ҷɵ߳˫ҲԼǲУ񰡡
Ҷ쵰ƢǲܲˣҪұ㻹񡭡
һЦҶվڳϣڳĲϣų˵Сӣҿ㲻ģ͵˲㣬ȻⱦĲϣΪɶž㣬żŭҶɱأٿҲôƵĶӡ
ȺۺȻЦ
ͨ죬ȵС˵Ҫ֡
𶯣ҶһĨһѪӣֱȧǣѪһӾ˳
𶯣𶯣Сأˣˣˡ
ˡûȴĲҶ֡˫ֵܵУֻһӣ˶ĸôԳɶӼΪ֮ǰŲһˣΪһ˫ͺ̸û뵽ĶֲҪֲҪ֡
ôŭȳ
ôȣˡ
ƨ˶ˣӷ˭
ŶԲסûע⡭
Ҷץס棬ȡչһˡ
ʱһХһƽͳֱ˴ӿ˫ƾУ˭ûռˣߵĽѾ˶˵ʱȻûбҪƴƴ
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ҶһӿЦ˵ûϰæߣӳʲôĵ⣬ŪҴɱ˳ҵСͲÿˡ
Ҷ֮ͥ˸Ʊȴ˵˼ģֱ˫÷Ȼ
Ͷ֮£ʵûа취
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磬ܾôǰѻ߰ջĳֱµ
壬ûа취ǲöԷ˺߸磬򲻵Բ壬ǻȥ֮ҵҲᱩףǻס߸ġԻǰ˵
鳤Իͼ꣬ұӵУеߣڳǰЩСΪ˱ʾ׽Դ˳ƺ
н꣬˫ֲһǻŭ޴й˵ȲҪ֣Ȼ˵û˫ģֻҪ壬֣ؽЩȫɱ׽ɣҶҪãܡ
Ƕŭֻ˫۸ˣı˸۸ң
ģҶ˵˽ֿڣ˫ĸÿ˵·˴˳ȥԼһ˴һ
ǰȫˣ˰ɣкݺֻ߬Էˣ֡
˭֪ʱҶԷ˵ˣɵһƲ˵ˣTMDҲǺڵɵǰƱôôTMDֵܵ˰ˣҽǵίˣְˣ֪һ˶˶˹ʧжô
˫˺ȻŭȺȻЦ
ⳡϷԣʼʱŲһһǵǿŮƵһʱȴطת˸ƱÿʵǺÿ
Ҷȵ˫ţǼһүϣȻԣϵĺⶼһ㻮㣬¹ֵǮǲֵǮҶҾöۣ̫ˣҾ͸˵һҵҪϸƤүܿסҼ


175 Ƶ
á
Ҷһϯ˵꣬ΧΧߵУʱ˴룬ֽкá
˫ڽ϶ãѱͬݣʱ˫ԱôΪ˷ܣôȺУ˼ɣҶԴ
ȻˣиĻΪ˿֣Ψ²ҡ
һϣϱڣɺתס
ֻϵѪ܆φֱһӱѪܡ
ˣв˫
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벻ˮת쾹Ȼ˼ץס˰ѱԼTMD㱨Ӧô
ֱһȣҶһ˵Ļ
ԴŽѾϻѾĲԣӶأװʲôβǡүүͷϴǸɹȵĹǸٰʮӣ¾ˣСүȳһٴ͡
ɴŭҡ
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Ҷһקųͷֱൽ˰Դĸǰȵҳ顪
Դһĳȵ㿴ˣˣ˵ˣTMDҰ֡
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ΧȺںȻЦͬʱе¶⡣
СӺÿ١
ȻˣΪһ־ʥ޼Ӳͽѷļ⵶ȥ飬һŵţٵʮţΪ٣Դʱ˫ֶһƬѪܵģϵһ˫֡
ס֡Ŀѣŭ
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磡ֱ۾
һ֣˵Ҫʲôǡұ֤һòԼС
ֱݺݵص˵ͷĿϢֻΪһɱ
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Ҷһת˵ֵչ𱻴ˣҽƷѡҩѡ󹤷ѣʮ
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Ͻñǵ裬ʧѡ⳥ѣʮ
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˫Ŀҧгݵ˵Ҳá
Ҷͷʵ룬ɶ
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ҶһĳһϵʵǣԼֵʮô缸⡭
ͷһˣ۵ͷӶˣҶѯᶼˣ˵ֱͣȻͣߣߡ
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ɢʯ˵ӴͳһСһзİɫҩ࣬ų˵ҪҪԣ˵Ƕ㣬ҩˣʮ򣿡
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ԼڶԷûҪƭ
ɢʯҶʹһɫҶŶĳɺˣɿڼʹҷֹʹҩ࣬ʮϲʣ
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ɢʯʱɫȴ࣬δй࣬ȵȻСǮܲҪ
һ󣬻ʲôǮôҪ
ɢʯȵڳۣ˺ΪЩ޹ѵİգ˫ҲҪͳǮҪһ
һͬȻ
ͬʱȺҲһͬΪճͷȥһԵΪټ˼˫ȻȻЩ׿ڣһôĵӣȻַֺõҲɳԹתİƱͿһ黳˿úЦͬʱҲɵլʺꡣ
ֻΪ˵ĳɵȻô룬һŭȵĽǵ¹ƨ£ǮΤЦҪ
˹£ֻҪӦǮ׾ܽȥǮҪ˭һ¡
ҧгݵغȵãúãλӢ˵ãȻ˴ȱĳĳ᲻ͬ⡭ֻҪΤЦܴѰҪծ˫ˡô
û⣬ûˣҶЦ˵ǵȰƱǣ뿪˵֮󣬷ܷˡ
ֱͲסŭˣңҪǸӣֲô죿
һֱĬһƽȵǿԲҪǵƤҪġĿ֮£ΪǶɹȺʮӥѣ
СӥչҲͦ˵ʮӥʮǵӣ˰ȫط֮󣬱֤ˡ
УˡɺȵǾȻ֮ԸЩˣôǶ㵽ȫĵطȥء
Ǿû̸ˣҶѳһ˦ҴֻҪзҵġ
ס֡ɵڵ˵ޣ˫Ŀͨ죬ȵٶ֣ϷƴŲҪӣҲҪǻɱ
һ仰֮͵һ֣˫
ɡֱԼͺӥ¹ǡĸĿݣʱڼ
ˣϳƵˣпƴŶӲҪҲҪ̶֡
˶ĳ汻ŵ۴УΪԼӲҪԼͽء
˻ˣ˫֮ľ漫Ƚ֣µսһ


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˫ͻȻֳ֮ľȻƣҶ˵Ԥϡ
ԽƣҶ˲ɵûˡ
ҶʱͷЩңô죿ѵ˫ʱɱ˳ô
˵ĻҲԼܵˣȺֵ϶ܲ۱ɱǱץǲĺ
˫ֲµʱͻȻһХԶȻһڼٸ˹
ɫһ䣬ҶһȻܻõһת䣬˫һȻ²ǺˣԻԼһ
δȴԶԶĴһЦ֮һֺЦ˫層ԭݵΤĳδԶӭˡ
˵֮ʱ֮⣬һ䣬ǰӰһһò۵ͷվҶ˵ǰΪ񣬶ųɵ˵λϣ¡ɽׯׯΤЦ죬۶ɹȡʮӥ˫ҡɽׯĹ˫⼸λЩᣬΤĳ֪ʸˣ⼸λСֵ֤֮ӻᰲȻػصߣλĽ˳أ
ΧȺΤЦԳ㶼ҡкá
ΤЦһϯ˵úǼСӴڻ˵Ȱչһ˷˳棬˫ɸΪ֮Ļֱʵ˫سʵƫ̻ζԡ
ҲǵȻˣЩСӲô˵Ӳͬɽׯѹ˫һˣԶʧ˿֮⣬ɽׯĺϷյĽǣȫӡɽׯΪ񱼣㣬ⶼǵڴɽׯӣΤЦҪûƢҲͲڽϻȥˡ
ΤЦ˴ʵΪ⼸СӳͷΪ˫ĽڹȻ̤ɽׯ棬ܹʦģȻɼС˫ɵԶվһߣ⼷˫ˣֳͷһڶ˵
ΤЦһϯʱѳҪ
úúãΤЦҲ˫ԣΪ˫Ĳɣ
һ˫⡰ᡱϵġ޼ɵڱصãʶǲһͬǰʱһΤЦ죬׼䣬ؾ֮ʣִһš
ްӷ𡭡
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һľ죬ɮ㣬һͬʱظżʮµ޺ߣ㶼ֳͭüĿؿǰִֻüĿȴñעͷһطë
ƶɮ㣬
˫ٿµͷҲ֡
ԴµɮٿҲϴ𻰣һֱֱԾǰ˫ڸ֣˽ͷλɮΪɻ֣̿û뵽Ȼλµɮ֪λɮʲôָ̡
Ȼû뵽Ȼ￴µӰԼԼЩ̫õԤС
ЩɲǶ׼μӡݡıʢôôǾ˵أΤЦôһڵͷĿأ
һһʱ˼⡣
ɮ˫ֺʲʩһ˵ˣƶɮʦֵ֪˫λǧˣʶݻᡣǡΤׯһκУʦԸ˺󣬸Τׯ飬ɸΪ񲯣ά֮ͬŽᡣ
ȺʱȻ˫ɫʱ쳣ѿ
ԭµλɮǹȻվΤЦһǰѹ˫ġ
˫ڰԵ޼ɵΪȻһŵĲôȻΪ˼Ϊʹ졣
Ҷ˸ǹֺǺǵЦͣ
ʱ򣬱ٿˮ˫Ҳȥˡ
ɫ粻˵˴Ȼ˴λɮΤׯ˫ȻŶԷΪλɮȱΪԹȰЩ󱲷ſȮӣǮƣһӦȫϡ
ɵһβòѡ˵ͷҲ˫һѹǰѡ˵ͷһȳ飬ڳÿһ˫ĸѵ
ȥûֳˡ
⼸ֵС֮ඡ
۵ֳһ˿䡣
֣Ȼ˽һװƱĺӵװϴƱ˫˴ǰʧ˿Ŀĳᡰ޼ɵ֮⣬һĿģǰʧ˿϶˵ϹؿڷϹϡȱĲϵġ
塢̹Ȼжԣ߾ϵķлǴġ̹סͨʮɽĵ·ռԴḻʮɽԻͨ·ԻҪһЩҩĻĳЩԭϣ϶Ҫ︶ӹ
˵˺ӣڸĵķŭӽȥԼеǾʹսˣˣζҪġ
ӺóƱǰһݣ˵λɡ
Ҷ˴˸ɫһų滺Էȥ
ߵ˰̣ٿȻֹٺЦɣӿСߵǰǰһǰڣܲסǰŭ𡭡
ǿҪǰҶæֹǰֹҲҽš
㵽ŭ⡣
иȵ͹
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Ҷǰӵ￴һףָֿƵģճɵ뷨ǶԷзŸɮؼʱҲն࣬ѵ»ΪһС˫սɣСʿͷĺܣ⾹ȻԼļƻǳһʱް취֮£ǻŭҲֻհ졣
壬Իǰ˵ͬʱŶ濴Լףųգգ۾
һֻͷһ壬ֱݺݵص˵ͷʾ֧֣ɷĵؽƱݸ˳ԻͣͬʱζȰ˵һСΪϡ
ԻĿ֮ɫһᶨص˵ͷ
Ի͵ı׶ŵĺܣڹؼʱ̣ƾԼĹöԷԸ
ԻĿעŶԷŶһƱҶȥ
˵Ŀһʱ۽˳ԻͺҶϣǸ棬ǼĶѣû˽עϡ
ҶһشĺЦݣʵ԰һƱİϵһ
ԻߵҶǰ滺κοٵĶԷķӦƱύ˶ԷȻ˵԰߸˰ɣ
߸磿ԭֵܰҶޡһЩϧ˵㻹ģ֪Ҳճ͸ðĿ궨ϣҲֵǮҲ˵


177 ⲻ
Ҷ޼ɵһϯóԻɫٿȻһ䣬޲һͣ˵ܻ俪ʼ죬һ䳡Ϻúøһ¡
Ҷ˵ƱƵ˶Էǰһ߻˲һȻЦҲϣᣬ֪˫ϵ¶һ
Իųͬˣ˵òţɫͻȻһЦֻϣܻ졭
ҶͻȻвףһֱŵĳԻͲδκ춯լͻȻһȻӰԼΪٵҶ
ͬʱһƬ֮
ڶԷ˲䣬ԷĹѾҶߣͷһ۵ʱ䶼ûУ̱ҪС
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Ҷʵ̫ԶˣκЧķӦµɮδзȴһʱԮȻΪԼĳɵСΣλɮеŭ֪֮
ȫǧ˫۾ͬʱȫעؽ˫Ϊȫض˴˴˳еҶϣһ̣ҶһΨһĽ㣬һ̣ᡣ
֣Ǳˣǡͺӥ¹͡ǡһֱǳԻ͵֣һֱڳλǰ;үߣദվãȻĬ
ڳ˫γɶŵʱ˱ڳԻ͵ʾ£ӣǱλΪľһ֣ض϶Է·䲻عԷû뵽ͻ䣬γ־档
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ȫ⣬˶Сʿ³˱۶ϡ
ҶѣҲôʱҶľƣŭ𣬵ȴһƬ
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ʶܶĦڭǾĸ߼Ħڭ޹ȫչ˶ʮ׵ľ룬ֵһһһһҶĸӦ
ĸȣ»һӥצ͵ƱϮԼظʵϵĹУԷɱһڽϣʱҽѾǰλϣֻҪԼгɣһűԼĸ࣬ѳõ³
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ûϷŪ˫ûڵ˫֮󣬻ĻţǱ
һ죬ֱҶСȡ
䲻ݷʱ̣Ҷ˫Ŀ͵һɫϼͬʱ͵ػΪһŲӰǰһ
죬ϮҶСȵķ־ٿȻɣݡһ·أٿȻĻϣ׹һųͣųһ亹
̽ӷԲĵĿնдεضʯǽ֮ϣѲá
¹ͬʱܵˡ߾ĹһСס˳Ի͵ķ֣ıӽϮǰ
ꡪ
һӽǰĻ֮ϣӽֱð뻤ҽʵһض˻֮ϡ
ģһӽȻǻ˻ϵ
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Ӱ̣ƮҶֳεʱϮּͬʱнٿȻͬʱһѪ˲ֹȻһ֮С
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Ҷһͬһ㣬ƾ˵Ļ֣塣
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Ӱһɢ־ۣҶһЦسһȻĳԻͺ̱ڵصĳ桭
һ֮£ӶݣҶһһ¡
һ֮Զֹ˵֣ҲֹǳԻ͵˫ˡ
µɮӿдȻ£
ΤЦ첻ŵؽ۾
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徰Ȼ֮ʧǣ
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һֿڵУһƶɡ
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ⲻܡ
⡰ܡɡܡҶʱɰƮѾ֪ĳԻ͵ľ࣬ٺЦСӣĺԵԣһΣӦñǷֵǮ˰ɣ


178 Ž
ⲻܡ
ҶһĲֹȫָ֣ǵ߸ڳʿ֪˼ά
һ˴˶һ;νʶĳš
ЩǽɵڴʱҶһ÷飬ٲʵ
βܴ֣
ϵĳʶǲܰ쵽ġ
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ֵֹĻʷϲֻһΡ෴ܶ࣬Χ۵ȺУСں͡ڤȫһ㡣
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ղŻңܷأ
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ܷͬʱƵֵĻأ
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ҶǸϹ֮ǰٴס˳Իͣٴ⳵֮˲
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Ҷ浭磬ͬѡ
ղһԭ򣬿ɲֻ⣬ΪҶõһ书һԼѾõľѧһԼΪǰţ͸һܺôĸѧ
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Уһֽһ֪һֽ似Ļζֵܻġ
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ˡܾƪ֮⣬߽ӦԵ˵ıʽȥеԷεġ
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Ҷһſڵװĳ棬ֿһɫ԰׵ĳԻͣϷʵ˵λֵܣ뷨Ӧøһˣ֪ʱ㻹벻أ
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ΤЦ鼫Ϊ࣬û˲˵زԼΪԷ淭ͬǰɽׯ档
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ΤЦŭЦųֱͷ˵ãúáճģȻ֣ҡɽׯԭ˲㡮˫ΤĳţҲò層ֽһˡ
ΤЦںڵϻ켣˼ʮ꣬岫ɱʲôʱ¹һΨñʲôҪֱ˦ӣΤЦβŭʱ˵˫ĳֱµһĽôҲøһ
Τׯһƽ˵»δֳʤأΤׯԺ򣬴ĳһ˵
һԵҶͻȻ˵λǰʲôһְȫˡ
ΤЦһƽһۣ¶һȤģ˫һɫ䡣
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Χ֪ʲôͻȻһһƬЦ֮壬һʱ졣
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˵ˣ졪ɺüĿֱڲ
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179 ˫˱
λɮΤЦ졢һƽһۣһĿͶҶϡ
⼸Уһƽ⣬еģȻ֮ǰ˫İΪҲֻϢˣûֱӶԿ
ֻû뵽˫Щ˰Ƕɵӣ˺ӣ˵ˣˣ˵ʹͬ棬ŵ˹ƨһҲ˼ϵ֪ܡ˲ɣеҲͷһݶˡ
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ҶųɣٺЦ˫٣˫̹󱤵ºΪˡû˵Ȼûͽ⣬ҲҸʹ󱤵ʲôѡֵˣС˵书ԸҲգӦ˫˲˰ɣû˵ӣһͬʱҲˣǻǷšĽǡб޹̤Ľʮԩ꣬ǰӣ׿ڴӦΤׯģϣҪʳŶ
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ԻекͷҶĻǣֱȥɺͳֱĺûǣôɵɵسȥ
ʱ˫Ļȡ޼ɵˣ涼ûˣдļʮ˫֣Ȼɢв˶Ǵ⣬ֱ뿪˫ػؽ
ǱЩѱ֮ˣ˫Ϊ˫⺷Ϊ˿޼ɵж֮󣬻Լң⣬˫ȻûеôӲڱлк壿
ɺͳֱˣĿ׹㣬ȴҲް취Ҳǳֵܼںڵ꣬˵Ҳôأͽȥеıߡ
ֻںԼӦú޵ĳˣǰЩ˶˫ĳˣɽׯɹȡʮӥǰСʿˣǸһѪɫĴСǶʲôֶΣǶ
汻̧˻ԷѾȫ˲ˣٴеģ˫һǽ䱸ţˣ˳Ľǣ˳ʧ˿˻Լ˫
˫һ˵г̣ȫʧܶգͬʱڽϵĵλ˶һǧɡ
ʱҶˣлλɮΤЦǰ֮󣬸һƽϽҲһ˸һĸ֣ٴѰȥȥԺȥˡ


180 Σķ
ô֮ϣԶԶȥҶ˼ĿˮЩѵߵ徰롣
徰ųЩǿŻµĸо֪ǲΪ£Ϊ˷ܡ
Ǹ̬
徰˷ܡ
ѪɷһɱֵУΪɱˣ徰ƲԼɱ˵ĳ嶯ӲؽԷ˳ȷûɱǸˣǸɱΪ˲зϣ֯˹ˡ
徰밤ʹһٶ˫ʮָϲŸ룬˫̶ֹطһֻܶһ˵һ£һṩ޵ʳʺȴӲȥģԵĶˣֻԼʺ˯
ĳͷԸ˶ˣɱˣ徰ȥʱͽ֮ǰһı飬һ񡭡
ѾΪԸڳˣһ񾭲񾭲ȻˣԼҲǸ񾭲ôϲ徰һ
Ϊ徰ʱͷ·𿴵һ״̬ԼһԼϲ״̬
徰³˺öණĩˣһǺǵЦ徰ǲԵʵǸô㿴ˣ
޳ָ££ͷ˵Ŀ²ֹŶǸСʿ˺ܶ˵ء
徰뿴˿¥Ĵֿ̨˿ȺȥĽ꣬ٿ˿Զֿȥľͺ徰Цˡ
ˣʵҲʺΪء֪Լ֪֪׼ĸ֣Сʿƺ˼ء
৵һеȣ棬̾Ϣ˵ǸСʿǺܲùʵδءҲӦðһ£Щ죬ø㣬ݻͻ񫡭֪ôʱƻԼһִƷһŰĿСǰԼİŮһšһ붼սķ
徰תȥ
ȥģ
Լ£ܡ徰ͷҲصԶˡ
ԶȥǸ壬һ촽һЦ˵ǺǣҵĻ̼ò˰ɣֶǸˣǾܹйһɱˣһŮˡ
˿Ҷһ˵ȥķսĿⶨλˡɽׯ
벻ᡯȻôĺﻹǱԽԽء
ʧԭء
ԶĽһƲ¡ͷҵӰؿŷɢصĶˣһ룬ĳ²ʡ
ʵڲһֻһ߶೤Ƭûн棬ҲûнɣûУֻƬľ棬ǽˡ
ǽû˿˼ǶԴһ֮ظһ飬ʧС֮С

Ľʮϡ
ңңԶĽǺͲƬɽɽׯ֮ǰɣţһ֮ڣ飬澡ɥǰĲ쾹˵ԣǷķ̡
磬׷ȥûҵԻ͡⺢һûܹôĴۣ᲻ᾭܲסֱ˵䣬ȴ˵ˡ
к޽ԣ૵һ۱ȽϺãڲȥʧܵʹ࣬ѵô͵ʱȥʹôܣ˵ֵܣô쳣£ʤЩҪõöĶô
Ǵ
һ˵ȥ˵εһһеԻ͵²ȥܣôСһ۶ܲסպǳҲܰȫҵ˽
ǣ硭
ֱӦǡ
磬ƽʱΪȻ裬ҲԵػԼıӣʵܹ׿ǲĶӣֵܵУ۹һȴΪ׼ģ뷨Ҳмأƽʱֱ˴֮⣬ҲΪӶ⡣
磬ڡ
ȥͬʱϢ˫δȥǷʮӥͬʱ׷ɱ˫ͽȫҪУϵɱ֣иԵˣȫɱһʣ
Ѫɷ
ðһɷɫʣǮѪͷ콱͡ҪЩ˫ˣΪɱΪ׷ɱ󡣡
Ѫ
ֱ۷ֱǶ
ѪǮǲȽͳȥǮٰɡ
Ѫڵ׷ɱɱܴɱ˵ķʽȫͬҪĴۣ͵ĻѾǰڷѪͬʱĿɱּ䡢ڵΪغͿֲ֮ϣν֮ΪѪ񡱡
ѪҲͰ񣬸ٸＩҪġͨһɱֿԸݰϵѡɱĶЩ˶ǹĴɱκĿͷǷҪݱﶼȡ
ˡѪ񡱵ԼȫɱֵĿͬʱݺҲһֹġĿ϶ûһʵ˻ʮĴǮȥͷ
Ҷ֮ǰڡɱĿ굥ʵǴӡѪϵõϢֻû뵽ԭΪԼûϵ¼ԼȻҲΪ˰ϵһԱ
˫ˣ뿪ʧ˿ԷҶ֮ĳԹעֻһʼ
ҶľٶҲϴ˵Ե޴˹ؼʱ̾ȻȥǱسΪ˵˫
ʵҶӰ켫ش󣬺ΪһָΪʿľպԭ򣬱ǽ˫ҪѪ
ҶֵѪһҶ㲻ݵϣĬĬŵСɫˣĿĺ֮㣬һȽȽǡ
ֻҪùùãùÿʱỵ̈ڳ˫ɱ֯棬ͬÿһɱִɱʧܣҲҶ½һεĵõ
ʱӢۡ
ϡѪ񡱣ҶΣҲҶԽġơ
ֻᣬÿ˶Ҳÿ˶῱ƵĽ
ˣҲùãԳͷðյˣעֻȥʵԼĻԻͣǿű˻ԻͣٻǼʺͷ̰˵ĻԻ͡

ɽׯҶƹʿסԺڡ
ҶԼĵطдǡ
ƹ۵س䵱˵Ľɫ̺Сʦһѡ
Ҷһڲˮ쵼һӣŹǻ˵עһ°עһ»᳡򡣶ˣ֮ǰ˵õģֵܿɾ˦Ӵһˣ⼸ʱڣ˭ˣˣǻĶұɽˮ𣬶Ҵţǵⲻҿģֵһˣ񹦾͡ҵ֪ǵسͼص㣬ȻǵسȷһɳǣʱҴɹĿǰŬɡ


181 Ⱥ
Ҷ߶߶һ˶һãȻ
ֻнˮ̩绨жҶ˵ŲɣΪ˱Ҷõ˲ٵĺô
绨еġ޺ϼƷ񹦾ΪҶٴṩһΡϼѧĶһᡱ֮ǰΡϼѧһᡱҶɹ׵ġ¾ŽλᣬҶٸΪѡ
ܣҶ˽ˮһͬʱһؼֶ˹ȥǴ統Ӧĺ켶ѧ쳤ؾòϳڹҵϵ书ϳ˵ڹΪŹΪġǡľԪġľϵศɡ
쳤ؾòϳȴһ֮ǾǶתϵҪͨҪôǾгҪôĹȻԡҹƣıתһġϵŹʮʺ㡭
л硭ˮһЦǧġ
ԴһḡĿ֮ǰһѽϵؼ˹һ߷һ߶˵СлˣĲ˵˵СҵˡͭҶš
ŰԴһ𣬳Ծؿһ۽ˮҶճյ˵ǲҵͭ˰ɣ
Դһϯ˶һ𾪣߰˫۾һͬҶ
ˮǳЦҶĶͷ˵𳶵ˣүϵ鷳¹ˣٸ˰ɡ
ûõԴһŵı鿴Ҷ
Ҷһ̯֣˵ݶûȥǧǰ񲻻Ƭ߻֮ذɣЩѧҲǵһϵĴУԣǸǰΨһϲþоѧռѧܵҵѧģر֮
˶ǻȻӡ
ûҪͷӲ
Ҷ˽ˮֽĿ⿴̩λϸھڹԣҲǵ̫飬ħŹʧƫģ˵᲻⡣ʱҶûнȻ̩ġ롾޺ǧ˿Ƶϵûо͸֮ǰҶҲ̩׳תޡ޺
ҶΪ̩׼
ݺסתһݣؼصݵ̩ǰ̩˷֮ɫĽ˹ͷһȼƷġȼľͺ켶Ʒġ쵶
ʮ֮һ֮ڸľԿʮһϷܽľĵȼһŴСԹǿ졢׼ݣΪһ壬ΪԵ
һ쵶ȴҶڡᰱʱӱﻻѧ˵ǵ굶ҿľ˵ľ˾ͽĴսжһʤΨλľ˵ʱභһһҹľľ˾ͽһܡ˶Ǳ˾ͽսľǵһս˾ͽ岢ܵĸ֡˾ͽİ֤˶λֵĿء
ľȻȻ˾ͽĵǰⱾ׽˾ͽ壬ίΪѰҵһʵĴˣŵʧ˾ͽⱾؼʮ꣬żȻڼ䱻֪Ӳƭ˹˱ܣ䵽̩С
Ҷһ˷ĦƤ̩Цһֱ֪ϲŵСΪ׼ġ֮ǰΪһֱΪһֱûи㡣ŵ㶼ǰԵƥϰȼľⱾңֹɱ֮֮ڷţиȼմõ֮˵־ԵġЩչڹӣ˶ãŵɣȥϰš쵶ǵľ˵ľľҲǷŸˣֻǳ֮ʱЩ㱳Ȼȥս˾ͽ壬δڽһغĪСⱾǿͬ˾ͽġƴһһҹľ
̩ͬһҶƵĴʧɫܸ˾ͽԿĵǶôﰡ
ֻҶû˵ľ˾ͽʮʱսܶսһһҹģǸʱ˾ͽ廹ǡֻ֡ǸľˣȻǽӲסһġ
㶨˽ˮ̩ҶϤ֮ҶĿ˴绨ϣֱ˵еѧҾͲˣͰ֮ǰѧħȷŵطСʨӺþͳɣǿɶרŸ׼Ĺ˶෢ʮ˶ܷʮϵĴ󵨵ɲ˾һıҡ
ذлһһظȵССҶӷģҶѧĵĺܣûûշүôǣǶǡħħȷ
˻Ȼ򣬶Ҷٴ֡
Ҷ˿ĭεЦЦTMDҲû뵽лô÷ɢˣǿ׺Ĵ֮£˶绨ĳĳ𾪣˭ȥѧء
Ҷ־óһ켶ѧı£˶ȷǳ
Сʿһһ԰ÿ˵Ĳͬص㣬費ͬĺô
Ҷһˣ˼ЦλֵܣȴΪǵĹ˽⣬Բ׳̽һϸһԼص͹һǿ԰һЩСæġ
켶ĹСæô
˰һƬСʿܲܲҪôţɱ֮ʮɵŻҪţƣ񹦾ײһˡ
Сӥչɵø̾˵˶˵ҵտҵǱȲҶֵܰҵûѺ켶ѧҶֵҵˡʲôѧһϺõѧıĲֹһ˵ˣеѵ˶ͬʱıġһ༶ƷġʮӣȱУ߼ѧ̶Ϊ֮񡣡
һԵĻʸ̩Ҳ˵ͷ˵Ҷֵܴ˾ΪҵȵֵĽȻһãһʹҿҲͲ罫Դܹ⴫书ȫóϲظȡ裬ȫʵһҪģ֮ܣ⴫Ȼ鷳ϡ
٣ȻˣֵܽΣԴͻ˵
áСӥչһͬԸ񣬶¾Ϊֵ֧ģҵȽֵܣԸиͬͬбѣ𡭡
ʱȻкá
ֻǰԴۼ⣬һԱߵ̩Щ㱣ɵúʵô磬ô񲻶İ
æתͷ̩


182 ׽ϴ
̩һ³ΪעĽ㣬ͻȻЩ˼˵λҲǸδ뽭ũλݣ˰ɡ
һ㶣ȻЦ
չȵǰ£ס̩ļ򣬴Ц涺Ȼʲôسˣˣչһ
˵Ĳʸ̩˵ֵܹ۵һ𣬽Ե֣ͬʹ壬ɲǱǼĶ档
̩һȰοвǸж˭ӵѽǰЩжӵܣҽɭϣʶ㣬ƽֻͣбӵܺûмҽ̵˲ŻߡĿһС
˻ʲô׼㰸ֽƷԺ֮һƬ֣ʱӻïǵڴ˵ؽݡԴＱ˷ܸߺ
ҲæҶ߶߶ָһ㣬λֵܣǽձƷպǻƳգӡϵװɡ
һ㶣ǺȻЦ
չӴЦ̵ģﻹиĵʿˣƳգƳա˵úãǸ缸ҪҪʱ˺ͣȫռඣ֮䣬˭棿
кãٱ졣
Ҷٴվ˵ȻҶԼֵˣҲֱˡħΣ˵͵Ϊ֮ЫȴҪ׽¾ơҪҪǿǵʵΧʵҲᣬǾ˵ǵĸʵ
Ҷĳţܽᡣʵϣֽ׶β඼ڡԪ۷״̬ԲĿ¾Һչ˰ɣ˶δ׶ΣΪߣǰǴҶԪԲ׶Ρ
һʱ棬ʸ̩˵Ҷ֣˵̫˰ɣڹͲͬβܰڹΪͳһһˮƽϰѵҪȵֵܲȥźδ̫Ѱ˰ɡ
ҶһЦδ˵ˮʸ֪Ҵ湦һǿɱ˵Ĺ֮ʱ֮ϣһѹġޱ԰ЩֻʽλڣԽҵԲ磬쿪
ʱһƬ
˵Сôô٣ԭ񹦾
СӲǿô
㻹˵ħǸּƻжΣգҿСӲΣյˡ
ҶĲ˼飬ͬʱΪԼõĺô˷ܲѡ
ҶֺǺǵش˵Ĺ룬˵ʹ֮ܣǴ˳ȥҲڹҴɲضģѰ¯ܽÿ˶Բ֮ڹ֮⣬оʡԴҵĴж֪һ飬֮ǰȫͨԽ֮࣬ǱԽڲ֮ǰ뾡ܵشͨȫܵȫʣ񾭵ķӦ
ɢʯΪ侲ʱҲɵʵҶ˵ļǣܴﵽҪĹ֮٣Ǹ֮УҲѵд칦ѵҶֶԴҲô
ҶٺһЦ˦һ˴һ
ʶܶĦڭǾ
ǡչһʱ棬ùȥϸ
ɢʯͻʸ̩֪ⱾȴǻȻ
Դȴ˷ޱ˵ϴθҶִʸСӵĺ켶Ȿ飬ʶ棬ҵķӦٶɣ⻹ֻδȫ״̬µļӳɡ
ܹзӦٶȽһİԴ۵飬ʱչΪĲ
ҶҲһԴõⱾ֮ȻܹѷӦٶɣⷽǱǾˣֲûᱻʥѡΪˡ
Ȿֻ߷Ӧٶȣ治ֻʶǵʶʶĶҲ¼桭
һΣ˶Ǵһˡ
һ;ԶģʶΪأҲΪҪ½ϣֵʶĶƺֻзǸġԪôһֶʶķţǴºչʶĹÿһŴ๦Ǵ˵е񹦾ֻ֪ʵ
û뵽ǰСʿȻôı˳ʵ벻ͬʱг졣
ȺôѾԶʤ޼ɵˡ
Ǹû뵽ǣҶ׳һΪ⺷ذը
Ȿֻ巴Ӧٶȵô̥ǳΪطȴⱾ顪
Ҷӻͳ˽ĵ飬еɫ֣صķǰϡ
һҶɣ㶼СⱾطȫĿӡ
ֻҶǰϣһᣬΪչ¶ǰһдѪ֡
׽
׽ӹַŵһڹ书֮֮棬˸Ž񡣱Ҷӵˡڤ񹦡֮δκεȤϼġ澭͡񹦡ҲֻгһóЩôѡ
ԴӲ֮ǰһ֮ҶжԼҪ鼫ΪǾ֮ǰͨȫǿƤĤΪ֮Ǳͻǿι̵Ļ
ӵнӹѧġŋ翸󡱣ҶȻһʱעԼϵı⻹δھ򳹵ףôȥķء
һ֮̽£ҶĿڡ澭棬Ϊ澭ǵҹ뱾ϣҶΪеǡ澭еġ׽͹ƪƪǿļϷţԾųѰá
Ҷ˿š׽͹ƪġ׽ȴôҲ벻ˣħһ˸һ֣Ǿǡ׽
Ȼͬϼѧġ澭ֻһƪǽ׽͹ǣȫԡ׽Ϊġ׽θأ
Ҷ㿪׽Ĺֻ֮ǴԵһ˲㱻ɵˡ
þ֮Ҷ³һ̾Ϣһ˵TMDӵôõ飬ԭҲĶ˰
ԭϵı£ɵġ׽ϵġ׽ĺ壬Ҳ˵񹦾ʵһǵڹķǷΪᣬеϲͨϵġ׽²ǡϴ辭
ĦʦԲ֮󣬹ãȻ֮˵ĦʦֵӼΪ죬򿪹ľһʦȻֻһֻЬᾭؾǡ׽͡ϴ辭
ϱµġ׽ʵΪĺϳƣһΪΪһĹϵ
ѧоСƤһ
ϲġ׽ʵֻǡƤʣ²ġϴ辭áһҲڹ


183 ˦
ڡ׽ĵġۡУָסǡ仯˼ָľ磻Ϊ֮⣬׽ǡ⡱ϴ衱ܡڡ׽ϴ衱֮󣬾Ϳ֤١
ʱҶһľġ׽
ϲġ׽Ǽǿ֮ڽǾȫƤĤѪǾЧ侪ˣ
²ġϴ辭ڹķ֮⣬żǿܹеĲͬȫڻһּΪ
ڽС˵Ц֮Уַ֤ʦ廯ĹʵⱾ²ġϴ辭
Ƕ˵õģ׽ϴ辭ֻϲġ׽
ǿ;
ϸ湦һѪ׽׹ǣ׾裬׷Ρ
⻹ֻǰϡ磬˴㲻Щ컯ĵرֻͷҪﵽ˵ЧҲԽʡһʱ䡣
Ҷʱóؼȴֻǽϲ᡾׽˹⿴²᡾ϴ辭ۿ飬ֻǶ̩һᣬٿ˿绨а룺⡾ϴ辭ЧǿʵΪʺ̩ӹ̻ת书е಻㣬ȫĲа֮ʹø񣬲ƫбͬʱŹҲ绨øΪ񡣡޺ǷŹȴ̫ңۣϴ辭书̫ͬһңͬʱֿԼΪǿͺͳá
ֻǴŹӰ̫Զ˵ģħžͲŹŹħ֪ƴᣬΪŹϣħŵġħͻͬڤ񹦡һǿ󡣽šϴ辭͡ħħŵȫҵһֵ·һǿͬʱΪȶ
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ħŸѡʿΪȡ¯ħŸΪ¯ǿնħͬʱǿô
Ҷһ𣬵һ룬ȴҡͷ
У⡾Ǵ󷨡̫аֱħһĲΪݣˣǻ֣˶ΪֵĹУħһ˺ɱаˡ
⡾Ǵ󷨡ҲֻԼļ£ЩرεʹãҲ⴫Լļ˶ԣֻһʹõĹҲֻӦΣĲֶΣϣŹ֮УʦΣٴ
Ҷͨ⣬ҲͲٵˡ
Ҷʱûע⵽ʱԼѾȫ뵽統УٲǰǸϷ˼䡢޹˼ɵˡʼںԼں磬ںԼһٶʦŻӰ졣
ǰǸҶҲʱ˼ɵؽǴ󷨡һװԼһԱֻΪȡʤ˼rԽӰ죬뵽ŹʦǶôǿ𺦡
Ǵ󷨡µԱ񡾱ڤ񹦡ֻʱӰ죬ͬħһһӵƻ
áڤ񹦡ϺֻʧѣáǴ󷨡ĺڰȴ˷ˣҪͶж˼ħŵġħǰԵ𣬱ߣ٣ͬώһۻ١
šǴ󷨡ֻɴھҺ;ֵεˣ⴫ڣΪ֡
磬ʲô
ˮԸϲ֣ഫ׽ȴΩҶ쳣ѯʡڽˮ˵ԴҶȫΣˣֻǳνӴֻҶ˱ͺøУûﵽεĵزʶİԴҲС
Ҷһ񣬴˼ת˳ǰĽˮɵЦܿŽˮԼ£˵ղֻЩʧһЩѧϵ⡣öܵ˼·Ϊ˷һ¡
ˮɵǳЦ˵ˣ۶ѧ˽⣬СҲȲϴ磬ǴѯһЩϵ飬Сܵܰæѧϵ¡СܽӴѧ࣬뵽ʲôرļ⡣
ҶһЦŽˮļЦܺαԷƱԶܵĴ뵽ǰ벻ĵطһ£ʵڹѾ׼׵֪似Σ
ˮɫһ죬Щ˼˵ôЦˣСǰֻѧڹǿ似ȴϡɵĽȫûʲôĹ˵óڡ
ҶٺһЦ˵Ҳð죬ڹɣͷ룬ʲô书Ƚʺʹá
Ҷ˵룬ʵȻ˺ܿ϶뷨ԶܽˮĲǺòֻ¾ҲȲΪͽɡѧʺңɵȭŹȴȫԴڣǡɽơǡɽ÷֡ô붼üʺֻŹҪ켶ѧһᣬԼĺ켶ᶼˣϼʣһϼһ켶δ̫˷ѺۡҶٵȵȣܲܵõһź켶ѧΪˮһɽơǡɽ÷֡װԼ
ҶЦ˵Ż˼͵һתЩʵܴɣ˼йʦУ
ˮҡҡͷ˵Сʱֻ̫ڼڹԶѧʦС
ҶһתٺЦͷָɸóȥ˴һ˵ߣǼ˫ǿ¸˵ıϸԱȼˣ˵ǷëǡΪֲұ֤ΪͽֻҪߣʱõκָ㣬˵ľ顣˶İֻʵѧϣ棬֮࣬ȴȫûа
ˮ棬˵дˣСܸԸ̷ңκֻܲʱСһɡֻǲ֪ǺηʥôƳ硣
Ҷͷһ׳Ŵͷͷݣȴص˵ܡʱ֪ˡ
׼ѽˮᰵҶˮɻվȵռұˣǵĺͳûвȥܣү񹦲ǰõģǶԴǰһһжĲߣҶøҷģЩֻԼʹãôڣҲУr봫ˣҲøҹ£ûƨۣûС绨ͲˣǵĹҶ¼ˣأõô
ǡ׽ʵʵϼҶÿ˽춼ǼҪĶϵԼ֮߶ԶûԸ˵ҶֻԵյôҪ˼شĹҲǲܲ㱻ĲôڳȥҲֵõġ


184 ׼
ž书˵ҶĳЩǸ͵Ĵ
Ҷȴִ˲ƣ
Ϊ֪ĴˣӦöʱЩԼõϵĶȥȡ档
áá֮ˣǴˡ
ҶȻլУǰ׳գᱧĶһߣ¶ԼġϳɹˣûһֻǿԼġ
ųɹֻԼˣǲŻ磬Ҳõ֮ţſܻмСļʱ˷ǲΪ֪ĲŻ
ƶĲѩۣ񲡱ɱߡ
Ҷ֪ǰĳЩС˵УЩǶСǼնռ˵˾ͲҴţͣʹƱˣֻԼŬܳʥˣʱҶͦˬԼǹӲƽ޵ı̬صʵвŷ֣ԭһжֻǷйѣʵһеίͲƽȣ𲻵κθıá
ԴʱҶĬĬظԼҪɹֻԼЩȡóɹ˳Ϊѡ
ǰЩˣ⣬ۺ񣬻ţһʱ˽ܡ
ЩҶ׽ѧǵɡ
Ҷɺܼ򵥣Щѣսѡ
˶ѡ

һĺ֣콫ʱˡ
Ҷ˺ܸ߰ĴۣҲõʮĻر
鲻ᣬֻ桭
ԴһȼѧǱϢ˵еġϢ󷨡Ƴ֮⣬ܹڲԼĺȻܹ֮ȫصϢ
ǰԴͷʦܳ͢ӥȮġӵ󷨡Ѱıѧ
Ҷ˵Ǻôġ
СӥչҲӥű䡿켶ƷѧǡӥڡšľṦݶʤΪƵ
ҶṦǡݡӡ貨΢Ȼ˫ֻǻѣŹİ
Ṧȴ˴Ȥչ⴫ֻ˿£ҶΣֻٴθṩˡݡṦ
ʸ̩ʸشĺ켶ƷѧذԻʾֻҶο׽һ⴫ʸ̩֮ǰĲӮġűӡ֮һġPȴԴ׵غֹ
ӵĶ飬ôҲǻˣòôٰ
ʸ̩Ū˸һʱ֮£Ӳǹžѧ
⺢̫ˣܲü
Ҷһҡͷ̾Ϣһ̵ؽѧ¼ɡ벻ŹȻǷҵĹϽɭϣʮ㡣ʸ̩ϺԶ
ǵûʸ̩õ似³ͨġǧ˿֡һżΪɾϸѧҶžͲһӣڹ似ͺһӵĴү廨һܲˣ似ҪǸˮǰԴܷӳߵʵƫƫôĹίʵе㲻̫ʺϡ
ȻġذԻʾԾӦƥĹ
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µһƷǰˣһҲˡʲôʮ֮һѦġ֡ҲȲϷֺ
һżƷѧҶٴҲ᲻øȥ
˿ԼʣһεġϼѧһᡱҶǵѹ¶һ뷨
ʮơ
ȵȵ˵
Ȼ˵һŲѧóĻҲԽһ¡
Ҷһڣøյֵġ켶ѧһᡱʸ̩һһϡذԻʾ似շħͨ
շħͨʮΪԵŹ򣬴ƶ޼᲻ݣʩչ;ףһмɱǧΪֵһѧ֮еǷ켫ĽʮҲѶá
ǡУɵİˡշħͨŷڵϳ书ָָ˾ͨצ֡ġĴɮ֮һĿԺСʩչͨ䵱˶òǷ̫ȭȡʤ
Ҷһ԰ڸոѧֵġշħͨͶ֮䣬¡һӾ˰ߣǸ缸ԺҶҲеɵۡ
ʮ˻ͷشҡҡ׹ķ˳Ŀɿڴƹ۵Ӻɽׯˣʸ̩ЦűסЩεҶ˵ʲôҲҪõѧ
ҶͬǺ켶ѧġǧ˿֮֡󣬷ŴӦ쳭¼ѧͽ
ɢʯҩṩĵҩȷЧΪֵĹȴҲġǱ̩΢ǿ㡣
ԶɢʯֶΣȻҲܱλսʿĽɫϣǱλΪ裬ѨƱԮϸֵҩսʴǹһǿŤתս
ⵤҩȴҪԤģಡߵġЧ衱һơЩôҲҪÿԤߡģ˵ġ޳͡ת衱˵ġ赨ɢĵҩȻǶơ
Ϊ˾书ĳƷΪڴϵĶɢʯȫǷԼഺ
мδɢʯ˵Ҷѡ񹦷ʵġ׽֮󣬻޵ĹҲˡ칦ʺºˣոṩˮǱ쳤ؾóϹʺϼȣλͬѡ
ɢʯԥԥѡˡ칦
˵սϵΣԼѼȱתΪδ򣬲㡣Ҷֱšһָ͡칦һ˶ɢʯһսλСҲܶһӵġ
Сͷβ㡭
ѧ֮ʱ̣Ҷ˵λֵܣǵСǸͷĿľΪնħ£νѧֻΪ߸ʵ⴫֮ľЭ˽Խ˵ļҴѧˣֵܸ޷һжֻнУ֮ͥѧԺȻᴫ⼸Źʱ缸Ҹ̸ҡҲʦ˵ҲͬͰѺöˡ
Ҷ˵ѧԺĹ룬ʱֻǳ֤δʵʩڿȻɽŵʱ򣬱ͬˡ
Ҷ飬һͷͬ⡣
ʸ̩Ȼ˵Ҷ˵ǣĲ˵ҸҪ֪ҰѡذԻʾ⴫үλҲͷˡ
չͷǣҸںЩѧǷ񴫸ˣҲͬ⴫ֻҲС
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ӥҽϣСӥӣһǶŸɵģˣСӥжԸ׻ǼΪģͬʱҲΪη塣
ˣεĻԲ⼸׼һ£պݣܼ֮ѵʮұǡᡯǸ缸úûµſɡ
á˶־䡣


185 ط
Ѵ
ѻعԼķ䣬绨ˮ̩ס̫Զֱ
Ҷԭסķһ룬᷿סһϡ
Ҷ绨ĺѳԺš׽Ĺһɽǡ
׽湦Ȼ
ʱͰԺ󼴸Ӧڵ⣬һˬһͨǰ֮йƬ̣ƽȫ֮ߣ泩쳣ҽĽ׶Σڡ׽ı仯Уᡣ
Сʦܡ
һҶʵľлѣҶǳЦȻԼһ׽Ķʦҵˡ
ͷʱҵһѵЦ˹ϵСûˣҵһ˿ζȴȻʮ꣬Ǹʮһʵѹʮˡ
òҲ˵⼸ҵڹˡ
չҶЦʦ硣ʦ⼸Ϊʦ֮±ίʵˣʦһֱ֣ЩԲסʦء
ֲǴʦ֣СͻȻ֮ʲôģҵ˿ҶĶ۾һ¶˼ı飬˵СʦʲôöڳԣʲôãҸղôȫľһϴ꣬һǲôõľѵõʲôرڹͨľôôڹҲͻ߻ħ
ҶЦ˵ʦֺ´ˣ׹ֻǰͨȫ֮õģЧǿҿѾûĸŵĹⲿЧˡֻ屾ͨµĺܡ
ҶдΪϵһ֣ɫ˵
Ҷ˵ԺԺ򡭡㻹˲ɡʦֲֻǹİɣ˵¡
ҵ˰˻Լ½ϲ˲ȻΪԼֶЩ㬣ȻһƨСԺеľϣ˵Сʦ˵ˣʦ־ҹûйҵġ
ʦ˴ˣʦҹ費ҪæġС˷ˣֻáʦ˵ˣǷֱԼжϣʦŲжмҪʦֽ׶׼ڵʱСĵ㣬ʱţ߻еİһǳȥ²ߣɾָʦֵˡ
һ仰ǱʦŶжȫֿ֣֧ԣǰﲻæġʦֵܶԼĹĻеģֻЩŵ
ҶЦһף˵лʦ֧֡
Ŷлʦ֣
Ҳлʦ֡ʦš
ϻ˵εĻԼţǷ˴ʦֵطߵġ
Ҷɫһ࣬ʦ־޿˵ֻģֻʦּٴʥּġ
ԼĶ̫ˣʦֵԸ񣬻ʦͶʦֻռ˲ܳԿ̵ôǲͣġ
˫һŪʮƱʮǷʣµƱΤЦһϾ֮ǰʱҲɽׯһӣ˼ҵϣһ룬ҲǺڵĹأȻˣǰùҪǵΤЦ͹Ǻܸƹ
ʣ¶ӣҶһƱ˭ΪҪǷСӥϽøʮ˼ǵˣȫģӲǱ˼˻Ҷһ壬˫һ롣
СӥǺ޿ִŹˣǰĹҤӣʮʣ¶ˣ
ϽõǺһƴǣΪʵûôһӣɹȻҲǽʲôʱôӣʮ֬ˮ۰ҶΣֻѾͷһһʳǮʣµһһƽǸɹòǮˡ
һƽһЦ˻ɹȥһ˲ҶҲʮҵ󣬾һܼأһ·Ϲص·ǮڵɸӵĶ࣬ԽǸӵͬԽҪάӣһ·ϵҲͲ˶ٵġʣҶһ־ٶҲǸɹȴ˽飬պĲ˵Ǿݵϵĺڵ㲻òɹȵӣҶãˮĴˣɾھϲĵϣҿŹˮ·Ľͨ˵ҶһΪδķչһ·
ҶﻹһƱģίʵһʾ޿ƹۼʮĻҲʮӣд󲿷ֻҵαװɱ֣űͨĶԴ׬ġ
ǮƹӴ֣˫Ȼ˵ڱеһëѡ
Ϊڵ֮һ˫ÿѾϰ׵ʮɵˣΪΪû˹ƣǿһЩᵫΪݵĽף紫У˫塢̹ԼļˣʱܱԵıҡ
ҶһƱûͦ泩ģҲΪʲôΪһ½ûҶԭ
ҵƲСӣһ촽뵽ǺӱȸˣϰߵĶЩࡣ
ҵ˿ҶһЦ̾ʦŸ׼֮£ļ󣬼ʮʦŻǡ
ȥӻûȺӼһ͹ֱ
ҶҵӻͳһƱϣ˵ʦָˣСʦͷżиԣҪΪʦżѹ
ҵ˽ӹһһһŵĴƱʮţҲʮƱ㶼ǡͨ֡ͨƱţɵùһЦ˵СʦܹТģʦżһεĴ󹦡ǮʦŶ׼ֱ֣
ҶҲźٺֱЦǮ׼ʦŵģʦֽɣǸԼЦ˳Լ̵ô
СʦƯҵ˺ٺһЦ˵Ժ飬ΣʦСʦƴõǱǼʮǮƻҪʮʦǲæǰﲻˣǵ⻹ǹСʦܵġСʦ˫ίʵʦŵòᡭ˵ˣе㡭
ҶæӻͳƱһݣ鷳ʦתʦ㣬СʦܵʵãЩǮ͸ʦЩ֬ˮۣһµµɡ
ţӿɽ̡ҵһƱʮţһǧһŵģһˣæϲĴ˻С
ʦ֡
ʦִʦЦɡ
ʦ֡
ҲΪʦֱµı񡭡
Զڹеļλʦ֡
ʦ֣һʮƱ鷳ȥ֮йİСʦܵͬǴݱɡ
ҵ˴ЦҶļ򣬡СʦܹȻϳ־Ǻã½ʦˡˡ


186 
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֮ͨ壬οһ˵ʦš
ҵҪߣҶæסʦߡ
ҵɻͷ
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ҵһĶͷ˷ܵһ֣Ǿ仰
Ҷһҵ˻ص᷿֮Уҹдõϲ᡾׽˶ʦ֣ڵı湦ʦŹھ֣ʦĪ
֪ˣ¡ҵַֻ£һ͵˼ĺ꣬ɫҴææرߣûţһһҶǰѡ¡㵽ҵ˵С
ˡ
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ҶæȥҵһתƨһҶࡣ
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ҵתܣһһߺڸղŵľһҪô죿ǳҪĴȵյģﻹҪȥΡСӾ˵ѽˣٰʮģͷҸдǷֻҪǮһ
TMDʲôʱйǮ
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ҶһɤӣСԺлڴϳ˯ˡ
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ȫӳ֣ʮΣɲԷҶ̩ȡ

ʲôټʮΣȻؼջأСԺ
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Ҷ̩Զɵ쳤̾ҵTMD
ˮЦ߳ţСԺҪ᷿䣬ҹˮ̩˯õ᷿Ҷ绨˯Ƕ᷿
һСԺˮ̩˯û绨Ҷȴǲҹߣ㱻еĺ߻ħ඼ʨӺһѧϰˡʨӺ֮ŹܱӵεȵزҶҲʮֵĺ档
һ˾ͶҸҶҲȫֻ۵Ķǰ飬书
ϲһѧܷȥ
׵绨ӴҶʮӣˮûŪ
Ŵӵ绨˯ϡɵظҶͽˮ󣬿Ǵ粽ˮĥȣҴϺдĻҲɮֹ˵ľڣ緹ûأ
Ҷû˵ĥ߶ˣ緹Ѿ׼ˣӻԺУǾгԵˡ
һ˸绨޾ɵءมһ
˸߳СԺɽׯڵϣӭԴԱߵСͤйţӭ˹
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ҶԶͿӭ˹ǰһ͵ĺУԼϤȴһֱĴ޺֮һġʨߡӦ档
ΪҶȻûע⵽ӦǸСĺоȻǴ¡Ĵɮ֮һС
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Ŷԭˡ
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ܵɮΪĴɮ֮һҶ˸ۣ֮ϣ֤ΪƵҶܳ״æƲҡ
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ǿĴɮ㰡㲻ô˵
һ£δ𻰣ԱߵӦȴˣⱲҲûô˵ļһ
͡ӦһȣĺУûòִ򲻳ɣ
绨ԷҳԼӵʱԲˣһƣ˵һ£ϵשһ飬ǷԵġ
Ҷһβãæ绨Ҫײ绨еƢƵأ˵һ¾ͱըˣҶһʱס
𣬷ү˵ʲôɣ£ûû˵
ʡӦûôĺУʱǱŭܽʨϡʨ𹦡һ˵˲˶ֱۡ
һɤӣ绨е͵شַŭ˷ܣҶһˣˮһʾ⣬ҲȰˣֱӼٵס˶䡣
Ӧ濴һ㶣Ѱ˼ûô˻ɣõôô
Ȼͬʱ˿ı仯ռ䶼绨еһһ¡
Ҳ˲ɴ˫ۿ绨
һռ䶼ĺХ𡭡
绨ѧġʨӺ𡿣ȴѾӦȫʩչʨ𹦡ˡ
˵ͻȻ״ˮ沨һ״ٿȻըӦ绨ʱͱɤ÷˳ȥ
еĻһɤӺԳͣࣵرɫ粨ƣһ˫۾Ծ˷ܵؿ绨Уͷ·Ƿ´½һ
绨һֹƳһ۱ʮಽӦ棬һɸַ緶ڱʺ˵үȣɤţ̫˵㡭


187 ɮŭ
ްӷ𡭡һţֹӦķˡ
ҶҲס绨ĸ첲˵绨磬㣬ӡ˼ҺôǴµɮ㲻ӣҲҵӣôѣ㲻ӣҲøʦӡ
ңʦɶϵ绨һԴˮ
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ҶƭһԵĽˮͦ侲һСڶЦˡ
ӦĪôеʦҪµ֣µֶɮķĹ㵱Ĵɮݶδ֣ôԷȻ˵Ļ
绨Ĵеʲôˣ
ǰʩʵӷƶɮ㣬֪λʦγƺУոձʦֶеʦ¡
ҶϽס죬ʱҲ岻ϻͱ绨Ż˵ԭǴµĺаðˡʦʱҰѹǻҽǣǾۣҸطһ°ɡ˻ͷǵøһҸϺпͷǵһ°ȥȡȥ
绨תܣһȻ֮ɫӦ档
з𷨸书ʱҲˣ»ûʸϸһתǴоܽСԺˡ
⻹°
С˭Ϻ˭
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ҶкЦǿҲûã绨ʦǵʦĻħĹԼṩ񹦵µҪڸط˵ȥ
ҶУʧһЦ͵ʦĪ˿ңȷʵ⣬Žȥҹµ˵˵и׼ҲܰŪׯһ㣬û뵽ɮͻȻŪ˸ֲ
ӦмôеʦѵĸҴԨԴ
Ҷͷ˵ԨԴſУʵ֪ʦŶٴ
˵ƶɮҷ˰ʮ֮࡭
Ŷԭһʮ˰ǶǰаսǻδأȻҲͲʶʦˡ
Ŷô˵ʦδܲǰаսҲͲʶʦˡ
ǰгһеʦǶǰμӹаսΪѮ˵ʦԲ֮ʱжټʮĸˣԷӦǷһҼп쾳ĸˣѴﵽͣǿߣӦܻϣǷŸɮôڶʱԲأ
ȻǶǰǾӦ붯ʦˡ
æԸӦ棬ȥʦ˵жǰķŸɮԲţһˡ
ӦæʩˣȥС
Ӧиûã绨бʦĹǻҺ˳иǰһȵ㡪
ء
ڹһ硣
绨ûûΣһӹǻҺУʮľͷҳ޹ͽ𴸵Ķ
Ҷһ۾ĿáȻǺ´µɮᱻ⺻һҵ绨⺻˭԰԰ɵ̫TMDˡ
ָһ죬һУХٿȻֹͺ绨ݹȥһ˶Ŷһ˵ľᣬֵֵ
ɮɮҪûˢӣҲôţƵְơ
һЦʵλʦ֪ʦǡ
绨ˮɫأһ˲ɵҲǸһ绨ȵҡ֪
ۡ
֪㴭ôʲô
ɫΪΣ˵λʦ֪ʦţҸָͣȡʦأ
λҲǸʵˣȻĵǰְĹզдд֪ηԺĲ֪ʦ
̫ˣµĹؿɲһġ
Ҳ֪ʦɶְ
ʰ
Ҷеܲס绨ȡ֮ǰǸϽ鰴¿첥ɡ
绨ʦм㽻µɮô
ǰ
Ǹ
жоýĻƺȥ
绨æϷ˷ûС
Ŷһţæƨɺ߳һŹζ鼮ݸ㡣
⣬ǡЩˡ
㹷յĸʲôˣҶŭʵ
绨㬵˵ޣûҵֻֽһˣģʡõģ˺ҳ
㷭鱾һļҳȻȥƺ˻СģϿڴΪ롭
TMD˵ʲôҶԼԹӲĳTMDƨֽˣ㹷յİԴͰİɣ
ҶΪʲôͻȻ˱׵Уںĵָʹ£Żµٴν鱾˹һǱ鼮ϵ֡
Ŷǡ޺ȶ񹦡

˴֮Уʶķ鼮һҳһҳٴΰͣ󱻳ļҳϡ
ĶϿڰ
һֶû
еʧ״̬Ҷ˵ע⡣
ʦ
ɮ
ɮɮ
˼ûн֮ҶͻȻֲ̫ĸо
ôôѹأ
绨Ӿߡ
զզˣ
Ҷ˫ͶƵһ죬һָɵ㣬һΧĿεż˵磬ţƣϼƷѧ㹷յȥƨɡھ͸ܲΧô㲻СƨɿЦеĵô
绨ŭȵô˰ʲô˲İϲԤֽԼҰò˿ƨ
ʱ̣Ȼ˵İˣ
绨쭵ͬʱǱߵ͵رը¡һ˲оƤϸһʹٿУֱðɫ棬˶˽ɫСˣҪǻ죬ֱ͸ǰ˹Сһ
ء
Ҷͽˮ쭵˳ȥ绨лûӦӾͱһץסˣֱӾһŭĺӣʺɶ
绨³ֱŲͺTMD˵ɶأү
һԱڵصҶһؿŷ˵УӣԭǸӡ
һ龳ĸ֣Ʒһ۷绨ֱ׾٣绨оٴҲѲľ
мǱˣдʺֽӲָɶ񹦿ƨɡҲƨ̣զʰ㡭


188 ħ
ҶһãˣҪ֣ɲ绨۷ܹסģæȵޱߣͷǰΪ࣬ƣ̰ͣΪڡذˡ
Ҷһ֮£ܲˣѻ򣬰ŷ˴˾дȴ󱯹䣬һšʨӺ𡿺˳֮ڣһʱ졣
˵һɤӻãϵķʱϨһؿűԼ绨С
Ҳһɤ֮ԶһХдӷԾ˳գһֳСͭƣ͵һһеϽۡ

Ӵ֮ľһ壬ʱɢ
类شһ㣬صһ£أ绨أȴͻȻɫ԰ףͷ亹鲻ֹͣžġ
һƱ˽֮ɫϥãйһͷƣеɫѸٺתɹ֮Уȣйľ硣
дʱŷſ㱳˫֣һĨͷϵĺˮվҶˡ
Ȼж붨ȻεץǱ绨˿ƨֽġ޺ȶ񹦡æžˣæŵǸһʱȻûע⵽
Ҷһɻӭȥδ˵ѾһףϿҵصǸ˵ӷ𣬼λʩܾˣƶɮʦϴ
ûˣҶҲ׷£ֻǹĵʵʦ֪ʦôˣ
һ绨ǳ˵ħΪΪħһ֮⣬ħ֮֮γħ࣬ѹħ࣬ħԼڷ࿹γɡħ𡯡ôôΣյĹһѹסħ࣬¾ʹ˱ħʧΪֻǻۣȴûСֻ֪ɱ¾ħλʦˣķ֮ϣһʱûѹסڵħ࣬ؼʱʧǡ
гһ绨Եӷգա벻λʦȻ֪Ҵڲ޼֪ķطɼʦҴԨԴƶɮ֪ʦγƺ
ƶƶɮ绨󣬴ˡ
ʩԷɵö࿴绨ۣͻȻ绨ŵˮĥȣɵһ˫ֺʲΪ񣬶绨˵λʦˡ֪ʦɷȽƶɮһأ
ţãȥɡ绨˵İٽصľˮĥǰһݡ
æ˹İٶȣͬëһǾˮĥȲǹͺͺһֳˣŸ񣬼ǷΪֻۣҶôľϣҲ̵ĵʲô硣
Ѳ滹ʲô²ɣòɵġͨ赡һʲôϢɣ
иϵģɫԽԽǼﲻֹͣšûûȻ
Ҷ뽭ˮֵػһۣµɮôˣôһʧأ
̧ͷֱ绨УЩ˵Уģ
绨˵ʦ֮ǰ͸ҵġѵõģ绨ʱ˵Ȼİˡ
Ҷʱַ绨˵İ͵ʱˣһ˼ǡעеʱһ˵ԼϤķ𷨵ʱ򡭡
дʱ˵·ÿһֶԷ˼һ㣬Ϊء
ʦĶͷǲиССʮ˰̣
绨ûûô֪ģ绨ɫͻȻһ˼Ȼص˻֮У˵ǵĺᣬÿʱʦ۵ҪʦԣҪɽһִѮջ̶ֳʹĻͰȥˡ
ɫһ࣬˵ͷ̾˿ź˵ӷʦֵնħ٣벻껹Ҫʹʵи̾ҲǸõˣʦֵ֮ܵõԪҲ漣ˡһ꣬ٴţȻʦ֣Ȼ̫ƽȴ˼꣬Ⱥħ裬ʦڣȻСΪһˡ
˫Ŀоһ绨ʵʦҹ֮ͽƺƶɮΪʦˡʦǳһͬնħʵǿա
ʦǹʽһͬս绨ʡ
˲ڿ
㶨֪ʦˣ
ûͬ㽲ţгһŻͻ˵ʦΪͽ֮ʱѾȫˣȻŶû¡ˣʦĻƢȻܹ˷ŵÿƶɮ
绨ʵдͽ̡
һ˵ʦǵꡮСԵ¡ʦǰնħպյġ޺˵֮еͷĿ겻ѡ
ȻҶа롣
ɣɡʦɡ绨нһغһͬʱҶգգ˼˵ȻҲˡ
ʦ绨˵ͬĸʮһΪһʧȥȻ绨νʵΪ˸С뽭֮󣬵֪ʦƽ¼ԼйκϢǵõ֮İһ˾ϲǺһĺӣԼĸǸӢһԸ뾹Ȼһʵʱ򣬺ӻϲزÿȥӢۣӢ¼
ÿõһ˿ʵϢǰ绨һΪʦǸżϣһ߿ŽѾӣһ˵ԷٽѾҲϺУԭ˲
һԼϤϤˣͻȻһȫµ³ֵʱκ˶ԵĳȫΪ𺳼ġ
绨ɫȴǿ飬ٴǰʩʦ壬ʦԲ֮ǰҽǻҺ͡޺ؼת£λʦԣʦΪ£ưš
ӷ𡪡ʦ֮󣬾ȻǺƽͣ˵һʦֶ֪ʦֶȻὫ͵µģΪСԵ³ͷƽħʦԣ󣬡޺ȶ񹦡£Ҵ·ɣҲСԵֱ٣ʦԸ⣬ɹʥءտʦյľˡ
Ħеˮĥȣͻһ𣬽̧ͷ绨üΪ֣࣬ʵ绨ʦֶһ´ʦ֣ѯҪش𣬲öϷ
еͻȻ仯˶һ绨ݴ绨ּ
ԭҲòİ


189 ħ
бׯϣʣʦֶ绨ԵѯԸɽţΪ·ʦ״ӣ֪Σ
һ˽Ծ
ûɣΪʦļӣⲻǴ˵еƽơɻڴԾ֮ôô»ԣǷʦſ£ԣɲʦҲһ˴󹦵ġ
Ϊ·ɵĵӣǶٰ
ˣ绨һ˲һΪԺյſ֮һ֮С಻ضá
绨˫ֺʲǲ
Ҷͽˮż˵ĸ԰ôõϽӦɣ˴µĺжԼⲻ˵ôǵö٣Ĳ˵˽˵缸ɾͶ˴ɽˡ
绨ǿߴҶżһ˵ֵϽӦ
绨ǲ֪զأҶԱһԣ֮ǰҶĻˣԲӣʵʦ壬ʣ˴ܳ𣿡
бʵһ㶣æ˵Ȼɡҷŵӳֽ֮Уɱƣǻ壬Υ
绨ޡһ˵ǾˣܺȾƣܳ⣬û塭ȥ
Ҷվûιȥ

䲻ˣ㲻˽ȥƽ䰡ܾʲô˼أ
Ҷֹ绨Ͷ£ǵ´ֻɳ֣ʱæﲻϣϵվøԶ¶ﲻæ㵱˷ɵļӾͲһˣȨ⸣סίԺһŵͷίһĴô
찡Ͻһ°ɣһǸجΡ
Щصؿ绨ٴʵ绨ʦֶⷽɵļӣֻˣܳһԴǳ
ԵǳҲҾⴼ㣬ȥȥ
绨̬ȼе˵ͷȻźҲûзԡ
ʵȻ㲻ԸΪɮɷԸⱻƸΪؾȨؾϰѧ䣬Ϊѧһˡ
ηϰȭȥȥ
ƸΪϰĴ湦ʮڹʮ似һһٵžеʮϼϹᴫ֮⣬๦Сйڴ£ʮϼѧϰ㿴ɺã
һԵҶͷƤ飬һٵžѡѧʲôǽ²ؾɨɮֵĵ֮ݰ
ϼкϡ棿Լġ޺û۷أʦ˵Ź͹ҳһӵˣĹҲòϣȥȥ
ЩŰ绨²ֹΪԣԼʦӵչˣΪ绨еʷǷȻɱأû˵ֱ޺·֮ʦ϶Ҫǿ࣬⸱壬ϰ޺ȶ񹦡¾иʮʮ꣬ǱȵʦҪ;ףպΪĴɮ׾١Ϊôõ˲ţҲԸŵΣٰ롣
绨ʦֶġ޺ȷǵ޶Ļ񹦣ʦֶֻл񹦺ڹ֮նħ似ȽҪҴ¡
似͸ˣ绨ֱһָߵҶϹ켶ѧҩƵһһѵץִǿүǣܸܵء
켶ҩһĶࣿ
д͵ؿ˿Ҷ
ҶΣʼ磬̯̯֣Ȳ˵Ҳûʲôȷıʾȥ޹ֲ˼ȥ绨С
һˣСʿ绨˵ôлǴҲûⱾ°Ѻ켶ѧҩ绨ʦֶ϶˼Ҵ°
û˵ģ绨⺢ӷԲǿǾй࣬紳ʹ졣
ˣȻˣǿ󡭡
Ϊʧ̾˿˵ȻʦֶҴ£ҲͰˡĦһľˮĥȣ۾һ˵СʦֶҪҲһС
ʦиԸСԵɽšڶǰаս֮ʦֻ͹ͣɽű׳£֧ʦСԵ£ȴ֪ΪʦֺȻʧٲͬΪ죬һȻΪʦǱ˰ʬ޴ءʦֶĳ֣ǽ⿪еһţɴһ⿪ֶ֮šʦΪβΪζٲͬϵ
еĸ˹ȻܴıߵҶֱظеһʲô飬ʦֻӶݣ
п˼һȴʧһЦ˵ӷƶɮˡȻʦֶǱʦ뽭ˡž绨ʦֶȥ򿪰ɡ
нбõˮĥȽ绨ĳ˵ʦƶɮ˵СԵ±һ˵ĴܣħͻϮСԵµжҲйأеĹؼǵСԵ¹ŵһΤӽơϣԭʦȴǲδ˵
ǰʦֻСԵ£ǸΤӽơҲ֮ʧ
֪ϱԾƷ֣ƷĻֻǶڷĻ֣Ʒľ磬Ǳˣʵڴ֮ϣһĻ֣Ǳʮ
Щνÿһһ񻰰Ĵ˵ʾܵķǷ
ݳЩ죬㶼֮ÿдܣֻдС˵˷ܻãǻǸǧֻзǸеġϻ͡͡˪һֱܵͬһĹǧȴ˵ҼԦ
СԵ´еһΤӽƣѵһҷȳ7˱ķһָ죬һָأԻϵ£ΨҶ𡯡ݴ˵ǸΤӽƱǷָרΪħʶԻħ
֪÷˵Ϊųơ񹦣ơǿƿ˻ıϧ˱ʧ٣Ҳ֪Ƿħ˵ȥ
Ͼ˱ʱ򣬶ǼΪ˷ܣһȻʧȥټɵöֵźͻȻһתһȿ޻ѿЦݣ绨еľˮĥȣζ˵ˮĥȣʦ뿪СԵ֮ĺñʦһʦּȻսи㣬ʦֶҪľҪñû
ʦֶллʦָָ㡭绨мʩл
Ҷͽˮȴͷ𣬻࿴һۣ׶ԷѾϺĻЩͬζ
ǰȣΤӽʧ粽Ҫñû
⻰㵽˴ɵӶóˡ


190 
ٴһʩ񣬻ߣĿƵؿҶһۣζԡ
Ҷɵӣ֪ղеһϯҲǵԼġ
иҲǾ档
ûСħҲˣҲ绨У˲̰ī֮ġ
Ҷ뵽ԼӬӪ̰ī⡰ħΪ˶绨жǧ׷ɱݵġ
ҡ
ү֮ˣ
绨ʦľǾԲƻˮĥȣȷǸħġ
ڡħǷΪУҲò׼⣬Ҳǲ²⣬ĦǸˮĥȰ죬о䣬˵һжȻѾǸˮĥϵĻˡ
ѵ̰ī֮ģ𷨸ƽ˿йҰǷŸɮ˾
һϣϺڷϵǸҪ࣬ɺн޺ɶ񹦡͸£Ƥûգһ¡
ǡħȻСԵµıΪʦ绨ⶫڤڤ֮У֮ǲΪ˶ĵġ
ʱӦҲ˹˵ϵ㣬˫ʩ
ŴһȥҶɫһȥһѽ绨ˮĥ˹˵ʣҲ˵ߡ
ʾ˽ˮһ£һԺɫ绨СԺ
СʦͻȻֻطʰ̵˻æ˳ȥֻ˼ƹ۵ĵӡ
Ҷһ֣ͷ½ƶ˹ԸСԺҷǴŵСݣ֮ڣκ˽ӽ֪ͨӻԲˣ粻ȥˣҪҡ
½ƶأͷʾף̰СʦķԸ¡
ˮɫأ˵磬ط죬ǲ̫Σˣ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵޷ҹζ̫࣬ҪģֻϺв˵ȥҲӲ˵ĶĿҪ֪ǰյһɱпΪĿĽ㣬ѱᱻ˿е书صĸʣڱ˵޴֮ϣʵ̫Σգϣ˺ܶġ
绨һͷˮʵʲʲô°йأ
Ҷһۣ˵˵Ȼ˵ܲͣ;ͣ˼֣µģ˵ͦãһͽͣ㿴Ұ
绨бɵѵһ䣬ڨڨƲƲ죬͸Ųˡ
绨֪Ҷʵͷǣ֧ϾֱӺֹ绨׷ʣҲֱ⡣
Ҷ̴ľϣǰϺˮĥȣҶϵĵϸϸ۾ϸӦڡŋ翸гΣȫԺ
һڻеĦΪͼͼþֵĦѾģŵͼͼֽӡִطħӡׯϣأ
Ҷϸϸϵǵⷢʱ˫ֵλãԼ۾λãǸϸڣҶ˫ָʱָмλþȻһ׶ͬʱָͬм䷢һ׶׶Сֲڸ񰼽ȥλãϸֻҪĵĸƽʱǷֲˡ
Ҷϲ˫ۡ
ҵˣˮ侲ʵ˫Ŀеľ⣬ȴǼΪ
ҵʲôˣ绨ɻʵ˵Ҷ۸ϵҲܰʦҵŪඡ
ҶٺһЦ˵İɣҵĻǰҵʦиıġ
ı绨ЩͷԣаҶ鷳Ժ绨磬޻Ļ黨Ҷ΢Цĵʶû˵ô绨
ǡ绨񡯵绨ô
ǡ绨Щŭˡ
ðɣðɣʦ湻ģôĵʾȻоôһȻô֣Ǿͼװǡ黨Ҷ΢ЦǸ绨ɡ
Ҷ޿޲ɵ˵ţ룬æӡǧϻȡ룬ǡǧϻеİʮٸ룬ͳ̶ȳǹ
æҶָŽˮ绨һ˰ѳˮĥȵһͷ׶ˣһ»ɵķȻ͵һһһŤ˫һ֣㡪
һ죬ˮĥȴߵķ֮һֳأͬʱһ𡭡
ʦ
绨һҽйڵأޡҰ˼ҸҸɵİʿ㱨ҪȻ㣬ҲҰ

һŰ绨ǸߵһߣҶͽˮȥͰѵǽسһһ׶ӶϿڴ¶˳
Ҷͽˮֵһۣͷļ
ʲô⣿绨ʱҲ˲ԣϸۿôʦﻹ⣿۹һѽǴ°òϺ˵Ǹʲôưɣţ˰˵˭ģ
үҶ첱Ӵֵغ˵TMDС㣬ⶫҪǴȥ˵ȾƳˣTMDʺʱпܱ͵Ϯұŵ
ԴԴһҶż׶קˮȣһOС·ŵһĹŶ໨һ㣬ϸ֮¡
绨еȵòͷˣǱȻȵȸҲ磬
һ䣬Ѹײڶ֮ƣһ˹˫һǺ
һӽ䣬ǰͬһŽɫ̫ȵĳνһ壬ɺ⣬ռһ죬з󳪣ǰȻһͼ֮ϵͼֻлϵķеʵζķԲ󣬶һɮģҲδ̨֮ϣǳڵأǷˡ
Ҷֱ뵽⸱ͼӦԭʼ汾ġͼͼͼϸıͼӦǳԷԭʼķԴأͬ϶صϷӴ½
ôӦǴӷӴ½շת½ģȻأ߶ˣ˵Ƿָǲ˵Ǿķô·ţܣԳ
ҶͻȻԼʮֵĲ˼飬ȴΪȻδÿ·ţ뵱СԵ¾ָӲκһɣõǷ̴ɣǴ£Ǵ£Ǵºʹ¡ħ£Դȡ¼ķͽǿɵʵ


191 ݲ⴫
⣬Ȳ˵ôƺ鷳ͻ᲻١
ħһһı֮⣬·ʲôûзһŽ±Ǹͬ屦ǸһֻƸΪӣϳĽ׶ȽϷ֮⣬ĵطǼ
ħԼߣͨǻƽһ㣬ֲֳֳ֣Լһߣɽƣ𣬷·ָץĵһ׶ֻβ΢΢¶׵ͷ
мĸ岿ֳԼһߣһΣƳͷһЦ״һŭ״һ״һдţͻıһأԼһߵ׶նħǾм͵ķ
һڵʹãֻΪĤݣֱսϿΪӻȴʵǵ֮֮սġ
Ҳ˵ǵ֮пǵŷ̵Ĵ룬һߣ䣬Ϊʲô˷̵뵽С˷̵СԵǲö֪
ʦҵıħô绨ĿɿڴĦġħ绨еȸУʮ
ǣʦģʲôҶĦԼ°򤣬һ죬ơ
㡪绨ϲһ£޽黳ضҶ
ҶһӹһɫأôûдȳһȻٽأԭԭȵǸˮĥеķ󲿷ֶħϰ
ֲõǸȲǾʵأȴΪ˳أʱΪʲôأһǷ֮ⷲоȻصԭˡ
ҶûϾù࣬Ƕ绨˲̬ȣʾĳַ߿
㹷յСĵ㣬̶Ȳȡ챦Ǵ˵֮˰֮ɣ֮һʦġ
ҶšħмΪֻǲ֪ʹ˵ܣǲֻôղ绨һ£ֻдʹ÷ɣȻ֪ǲǷŹԵʣȻ绨ܹһΣܹڶΣͷúоһ£ȡؼʱΪɱﵣܹҷΪʤ
绨ؽħҶԼȴСˮĥȼ绨˵ǸħǿҲʦԽˮĥС
ͻȻ˵ȣ绨ͻȻʧУоƺʲôһûû䣬˵иô̡ôϸһûԶأܸɶҪ˵ʦҵáϧڣTMDˣҲˡ
һ绨ϳصˮĥ˵ϡ
ҶðеһϸоħˮȴһЦ߹ȥϵȼ˿˵ǲָܹˣȴǿ˽Ƚϣôȫӽȥϡвϣ´һոµȣǸһģһʵȫȵػ֪ԸԸأ
İ绨ôΪ˷ܣаС磬ֻҪܹ´ȣҰǡħ͸㡭

ҶͽˮͬʱĿɿڴ⺻ΪԼǵϲãȻħְܷ

ҹλֵһ֮Ҷķš
ħ飬Ҷʱܣû֪ͨеֵܣϾ׶Σ˶ӣʵڲñ¶˱Ȼػͷ
Ϊת˵עʱҶ˻ǳӻ԰УǸħҶˡǧϻУ챳ϣҲ˷֡
ҶΪչ£ٽϵʱһسΪ缸һ¾ƲˣΪѹģϵֻʼ
ĴѬ⽹ۣΪˡ
⡰ŋ翸еġһҶҲ˲ٵġ
ۣҶֻհǾˣԺķʳҶһֲٰˡ갢ԴֻһڣˮĽʳָˡ
ҶҲһģһվڵϣһȴǷһߵã˵㶮ʲôһεү³ĸպǲжٴءֻΪжô
Ѭôʲô˲ģҿҲһ£ĻյĲԴһҵģȻ֮ǰҲǰһĳԻ
ɾ˵ˣˣҪѡһֻϵȵĴʼ;࣬ϴɾĨ鼦һһѡٽƤ㡢ʽжΡ۵ȵȵϷһɰУ뼫õĻƾƣСտƳ֭֮ػٽʼ֭һʱȻСΣټӴȫ죬ȡѬ
ѬʱӦֵСġѬľҪѡϵȵľ֦ľˢһͣľһᣬˢһ㴼Ľ֦ͣľһᣬˢʣ֭ٿһᡭ𼱣⻹ʮ֮һĲ衭һļøҶѬѬʱҶﻹҪǷۡ㣬һᣬѬһᣬʮ飬ǰǰ󼸿ӣҪȿҪ͸˲óԣ˲㣬Ͳ͸Ƥ⣬£ֱֻѬͨ͸Ƥִ࣬⼦áѬ⽹ۣζ񣬱һʶ塭
ԵʱҲнòӲסСⱡһƬմȵõ֣֭֭õĶϺ͡ƾơۡӵȵȵϡմ֭ŷ۽⣬ǹζ𡢻𡭡һ㣬ζ쳣
ǳԲûϵ̯ɺҶϼƬ⣬Ϲ˿ܲƬȵȣƾζ䣬һڣζ⽹ۣʵµһ
Ҷһ˵ǿˮֱֱŸϿ쿪ҶŸ룬һ£˦˰ӣƴʳ
Ҳ˽һգίʵеˣֻʼѸٵһɨ⣬ϵȣҲǷֺʣ
ȵһʱ֮ÿ˶Ųͣشá
ҶһһˮĻʸ̩ҿһۣɻʵιʸǼСȥˣôüûˣ
ʸ̩˸ã˵ҵ֮⣬Ҳ˾ְͷС̼࡯ʹˣ÷ȥ⼸յγɣЩֱϱҸʵģЩһֱûߡ
ȥ㻹ôֱӵļӰҲ£Сӥչһŵر鿴Żʸ̩˵˵ģϵĶӳֵܣ⻰ϻʵүλûô


192 ֵܰæ
ʸ̩һЦ˵İɣСȻرϱҵ٣Ͼҵˣʲô¸ýʲô²ýغܡһвҪĶҲйԸǲᱨȥġҽύӢֲһôɣЩŮҪĲ̫࣬⻹ǺأύչĺܣǼλֵͷԼɣ͵͵ط˽ءοһӥ鸴ӣ㱻֪£Ҳװ֪ġ
ۡ
һˮ˳
˵չҶˣΧ⻰ĸ缸ȫһ˻ı飬ǻ׹ݰȻдͷڵģôĹҽǹڻûӣǸ漣
˵ǻʸŷ粻ôȱµ¶ܸɵĳԴŲǺ
˺ȻЦ
ʸ̩Ҳȵе㳱ûŵġ
ôˣҿǻ֮˵˽Ҳǲˣ㲻֪Ǵ󲮸Ǳҵ˻λ̫ӣݺͽϣһĸ߼Ҥӣ˵ضػϵġ߻ȫҤ˰ɣĵһȵۣǻʵүүûӣӽȥ̵ˡTMDж
䡪
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Ǻǣǻʼҵ飬Ҳǵֵܹϵչҡͷ̾Ϣ˻ʸ̩һƣԼһ
ʸ̩ЦЦҲ˱֮ơ
Ҷ廰ܲߵĸ顢顢顢飬ֻ֪£һҺȾƵģҵֵܣٸһ
һԵİԴûΣͻȻһţľƱվµ٣˵缸ǾСΪô
Բ
СǶõĺӰ
ǰƢȴõĸߴСƵأϡ

Դ㣬СӵҪ˵ɶ绨ӱȵ
Դ͵ظⱭƣȵҪ˵СȻ壬Ҳ۸缸ƾʵ۰ɡ
ۡ
Ҷٴˮơ
ˣŪè͸췴
ҶæҪԲͻʸ̩˾Сӣų
һͷͼʸ̩ӴЦУУбƣ³ҸؽϵɽͷȥҸŴ󴲣Ǽӣ㵱үٸǣȥڡ
˺Ȼкã˵ҪϽɽǸ˵Ҫһɽׯ˵Ҫƹģһ˦Ƥӣĳ
ãȫȴˡ
Ҷᣬƹ۵ӸϽΧ㣬ǧ˹ϾҪһȺ췴Ŀֲˡ
ʱ֮Ҷһȵò֪ϱֵܣת·ڵʱȴԴЦ·ڵԼﻹиղģ
ǰɣ缸ȾҲװ
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סүүûã˵¡ҶĴţˡ
ԴٺһЦ˵˵Ҷְ㿴֪㲻Ƿˣֵܼչ˵Ҳչ˵ˣֵڻм㡭
˵Ұ졪
塪Դɫ˵㲻֪ҰԴҲǴ˼ҵӵܣͥˣ佭ڷԡ
㣿˼ңҶƲʾš
Դһ˵㿴ֵ̹֮⻰ƭʲô㿴ö
Դ˳ִӻͳһ壬͸֬ǳǸС壬һһмΧ֣Դޡ
Դޣ͵ĶϽ˼ҡ
үҵģҵġ
͵ģ
Դַĵ˷ģҵģҲҵģԴޣʫ⣬֡ϧһ
ҶɻʵȻôõ֣Ϊʲôð졮ԴԴؽţŲô
аԴνŻУ֪ҡԴʵСԴޡʱͦ
Ҷ⣬ͽл
㲻Դ֮˵Ⱳ˵ǣǱʦ񵽣һı¡ҴСͱʦȰҪ壬ˣҪڿл켣һӣǸС͵
ҶЩˣҲν͵ʲôõģ˧㣬ͦɧİϵԴ룬ҶûдϣǾš
Դ˵Ⱳ룬ˣü۵ضűˣĸǷĸǹٲԴޣպٻ켣ŵʱڽʱ򣬲õ֡ʥģҾñǰ߼κβõۡô
Ҷ˵ͷ
һСʱܹ˰ۺͳ־꣬µССԸȻΪΪôΰ󣬵һ𾴡
ͦˣҪ𾴣ҪΪ˾Ǻ£û˿ԳЦһ֮˵롣
˼ˡһֱҸĻᣬΪһɫⲻҪģһڹ֮£͵͵ˡô
Դ˵ͷ
û⣬ֵܣ룬ҵ롭
ҶİԴļ򣬲Դ޵ļʵ˵ʵɫʲôҾҪߵĵ书ҲԴ㲻ò˼ֱ˵óļܡ
ԴٺһЦ˵Ҳ֪ʦǸµһͷıҲңṦ֮⣬٣Ṧʵʦı죬ı
ԴԺֻ֣ŵ˵ʦ˵ˣ˫֣ɵһ˫֣һ˫֣ҪǿĸǣƨɵϻȥǶ֪
ʲôҶЦá
һƹԴһöͭǮ˵˵ûãˣ㿴
һ䣬ͭǮһԴһ죬öͭǮһطģǻõľһ㣬Ծȥ޹ɣҲ޽࣬ȫ߰㡣Ҷ֪ʵԽĲԽѶȺܸߣΪһ˽࣬Ԥ֪һԤ֪ͭǮһķ򣬴ӶͭǮδֵʱ򣬱ڹ̶ĵطϵĵ
Խ޹ɡ޽ࡢԵԾԽƿء


193 򹷰
Դ޵ֿͭǮķʽΪȻԴҪչ¶ǿֻǸʼ
Դٶȵļӿ죬ͭǮѾȫһŻƹ⣬ԴԼ֣ӲǻΪһŻӰʵԿĶ
Դ޽ͭǮӵ֣ͬٲ䣬ͬʱмöͭǮԼ˫֮䲻ͣر仯
ͭǮͣؼ룬˫֮ԾľԽԽ࣬ﵽһöʱҶҲɵ۾Ϊ٣ҲЩԴ޵٣һöͭǮҲһԴȴ˫֮ȫԾţΪ˲˼ǣôͭǮ˫ּȥȻûһöͭǮײһܹԼͬ飬ڼٵ˶УȫӼԱһһһأָͣѶͭǮȫûһöײһ
似
ҶôһжϡȻûмʥˣҶţ¾ǡʥ٣ҲܱݳΪ٣ΪĿ
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ֻ͵ֱǱ
٣Ŀڼ֮µĿֻǵһС͵أµһ͵ҲС
Ҷ˳˼ĵ̻似ΪʺپȻԴأ
Ҷ˼ԴҲպͭǮʵʵεصȴҶĽʹ𰸡
ϲֶԵУʹҶһɸѡѧһѯʡ
ûνƽʱҾǿṦȥ͵͵һ־ܣҲܡ
ŶޱơҶҧָףԺﲻͣطѧͻȻǰһųʵԹϤôô
ӣԴ޺ٺЦͦðʹü򵥣ѡķ㣬ԲԤ˳ּϲͷӶáͦãͦáҺʦ˼ʱûӡ͵˼ҵĶǴܶ񹷣ٺ٣ǵһҴһڹϻȥʦŪһٹ⡭٣һٺó԰Ӷˡ
ҶһЦ˵ﻹԵˡ
ŶʲôԴ޼ȺؿҶ
һŹʺԼسʹʲôĹأǴЩǵĹɣ
ҶЦӯӯߵԱߣһ·ͳһ˼ظߵһֵͣ˵࣬ʾ⡣
һۿԴ˵ˣ׿ġ򹷰
򹷰
ֱֹɵˣ׹֮£ÿֲ˹ˣ֣֣˼˼
Դޱһӱ˲ȴҪǱ˵ĵƤӣܹһ־ܹռ˼ұ˵ѧΪȤ
򹷰õıֳüĶ̹Щջĳ̣Я㣬Ѹ٣ƴüֹĴӡ
ֻһص㣬ܲµ׹Ȼ졢ɡ仯ΪҪѨλƴԴóĹ
ҶСǰһȦӻ³
Դ޷֣ҶǰһֵĻҶڿƣǰҪע°ΣҲǶԷ°
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ԴƤһѾҶǰһ˻һĻһڶԷȵĽϻֻצϡ
˫ȮһʹǡͷعΡڶȡѹ繷족ȵȣһ׵ġ򹷰ޱʩչ˿
ֻҶڼСķΧշתŲͿ٣ⶼҪģҶʹװֱ̫ˡ
ҶѾΪĹӰžžžĴڶܼ֮ʤŽ֮硭
ֻһṦҶӰѾȫ˹ӰУͬһʱ䣬ϵžžͬǧʹڵϣۻңԴ޼һ˲㿴ҶӰٶȴﵽԼ˫ֵͭǮٶȣȻв磬ҲضáͬʱҲԴ޸ΪܣҶܴﵽٶȣôԼֻ׹ٶȣҪңʱָһʲôأ
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Ҷʩչס򹷰ͬʱװĴ֡
򹷰Ȼªף仯΢ʵǹѧеĵһȹ򡣴򹷰а⡢ת˾
־ʹʱһ͵ϸ٣ס˴ִ֮ʮκֱͦȴ־жת־ȴ漺һűӰ͵˺ġǿ䡱縮׵̨ࡱҪѨЩѨڱģֻҪ˵Уˡ־糤ӣݵ˿ϢʱһУֻ̣һ֣мȴ̲ǧ򻯡
ؤմѧ򹷰ؤ޷֮书ʮ·һʮаֿھΪؤѧʮ·򹷰ؤ￪ʦүǰΰΰڶˡɴ˿ɼװʵھˡ
Ҷڶһ֮ԭڡͨ赡Ķѧһᣬһδ֮⣬һգΪֵϵ书õһ϶ѧһᡣ
ϵѧһδѧһᣬʱ͸ʸ̩һһԵ׵ġշħ֮ͨͻʣһ켶ѧĶһδԴҶǰչʾֵ츳֮Ҷ뵱ȻΪһôһᣬ켶Ʒѧ򹷰
Ҷһס򹷰ġͷعΡһֱˡб򹷱ͷˡϹ͡ȺʳʱҶʹˡ򹷰СءΪɧƥһС
ҶڴʱͻȻһȣ޹
ֻһХ֮УӰ֣˷ǰﻹ˵ӰֱǹӰɵĺ󣬹Ӱɵˣϵ£޴ɢ㣬Եֵ
һС޹䣬Ǵ򹷰һСһľУΪ򹷰ʽмʮȮҲһˣν޹Ǵ壬֮ѧеľ衣
µһɧһԴ˽кãֱֱվɰХȴһУֻǴһƾݣʶȴǹ֮ʧ˷
⣬⣬Ҳ̫TMD˧ˡ


194 ҹ
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ʱҪˣԼĶ͵ߣѹͲᱻ֡
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ŶҶͷһһӰ˰֣档
ҹƳ硢ֵҹҶص˵ͷ˵Ƴ磬СԺĵطҪ̫⣬ؼס䣬ҹҶඡ˵ǰӣ˽ӽǶҪҿϸඡ
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ڵһͰ֮أ˼Ҳǲ·̧ͷŷϵҶιСӣϽһ顭
˵ʵڻҶڷѾЩɵ벻ʦ֣ȻҲ׾֣ȻܹƾšܾƪǧֿھԼݳ¾ŽĽȻЩǶǣؼ֮գֲʦ˼ҶƳ磬Լʦֵǽš
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У¾Ž˵һŽ˵һܾۡƪȫԣ̵͵ĸоףȫûнУֻܿԼԽ⣬һ̶ȴԼԽ뷨ԣԼĽΪ߳ûֱתΪս


195 
ҵ˺ҶˣŽһҹδߡ
ҵȫˡ¾Žܾƪ֮󣬲֪Ѿˡ

죬һҹڵʱҲʱ
ʦֵܶһڷϣ޽ؿߡ
ҵ촽ϸոճһĺ룬һȣϵһȻЦû뵽硯һۣȻȸǸɵû˶ʮĺ룬ߡһ죬Ҫιȸë
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ţ֪ˡ˶ʦ֣ǸŮ˸ʲô
ɫһ˵ǵ᰹⣬ұȸץʱô˵ô
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ǻǣ޹ؽҪΪؼǡ
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ǸŮ˵ȷ˵Լó鷽Ǵһù˹һųԼųΪԼ¸ңǸ˾ǸԼɱġϽϾš
ȻǼ䣬ȷҲӦпһڵļ³Դֻǣαڲ˵ļ䣬ӦüôĶʦֲʲôӰأǺãǻԤϣ
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ҶϢһ£һЦ֪ʦֲӱһеġվһҶ˵һʦְµģ֪ʦʲôʱػأ
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ʱҹˣֳһƬǰףڰ׽֮䣬ۼ߳
ҹ˾ȡ
Уճâִء
վڷϵˣüһƬɫ
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Ҷüɫҵˣ̾˿˵ʦԺҸдһţȥҼҼļʦˡ

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ԭȸˣǴ˵е֮һ
ȸ˵꣬ҪͶϸȸȥӣڿ͵һͣ飬µȸ֮С
ͷҲ̧ЩɳƵɤ˵廹û꣬㻹лᷴΪʤα֮½ۣ
ȸһ㶣ɵҡͷЦŵط塣
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ȸһӣһ˵Ѳú·ʤȻɶֺ֣αȡأ
˵˵ָûʱա
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ת˲֮䣬ľ˥ܣήĻĽ׶ΣȻ֮仯Ϊݻҡ
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߷ֲΪȻʱ̣ȫӶһգֲĹа
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ȸ˵ֻзϵ֣ʲôܶʤ٣ֻǰսٰ˰ɣ
ȸȻЦҲ
ߣȸ£ʥ֪Ҳѽ¡㲻޴вҰɣһߣʵ
ȻǣȸЦֻǸѣЩ飬Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪʮǰˣ֪ȫ˵ŮӿΪһӣһֱߡ꣬ҪǱʥ˷֣ĸһӲ֪ˡϧ鱩¶ʥţɱǶĸԱ־ɱǶĸ֮ĵ׻Ϊƽƾʲôħ˾ͲʿɷޣƾʲôͲ飬మ֮˳أֵŴ£ĵΪֱ˹أֻ벻ȴǰװ׵˼ء
㵽˵ʲô
ȸЦһȻ˵֣㵱ʲôַƭʥղ˵ҼǸˡ
𣬺ȵⲻܣ㿴ۣϴˡ
ȸͷһЦ˵Ǳ飬Ҳһϴȴϴˡ֣Сܲò˵䣬ϼȱأҲ©֮걻ߵĶӣҼˡ
䱳ڱ˫֣ȴǲͣš
Ҽͻб˼Ҳ˵ͻбȥ˵ֵ֣ܽǳ˵θأ
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áֹȻ˿ȸžһºӣݱ˵֣Сŵһ̫ѺõĴԡ
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Ŷʥڳаɣʥѵһ٣
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ȸٺһЦ˵ʲôֻ迴ʥľٶʥĲ飬ȸֵ֣һ֮Ϊģֵȥա
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ֵܰˣ룬ӵصżʱ
ʱһһƽɤߺһʱѵ
ֵܰʹСǰ㡣
һͣȻ̩󣬵˴磬֮ǡСӥչ϶Ƕɢʯ֮Ļʸ̩绨ԴޣҶǽˮ
ηߵݣߵͷģ˼и֮ͬ࣬ͬͬͬͬͬͬͬ׻Ϊģû뵽ֵԼʱȻׯصĲᡣ
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ҶһʮˣһÿڣٽⳡϷݣĽкǿҪƿ˷
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198 ڵĦ
չһԷƣ֪λ˸ˣǱṦ˸ģȻһƴôء
չǸ棬λүƢӹҲԭ˵ԭ;ԲΪԼݵλߣȥ۸ЩݲԼˣҡСӥչľ˵ˡ˾ǸүĨڡ
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ԭҶˡǧﴫĹԼĻ˳һ֮䴫Ⱥÿ˶
⡾ǧﴫڡ¡һƴʦ̶ý̸ϳڹΪǧΪм䲢֮˿ͬ࣬ԽڹտԽ͡
ҶûжԷ񣬵ȴ칦Ӳѹ˶Էһڶʿǰ¶һС֣ȫѹ˶ԷĽа塣
ȻҶһԼȳʱȺһκ˰㾪ԷĦˣһ䳰ȷڸĦŸɣ治֪˭Ӵ󣬶ᣬĺܣȻڹȫѹĦһһͷͬǰ¶˴
ʣҲԼɤø¥˶ڣ˵ǲ˰


199 Ⱥۻ
Է˲Ħ˲䶼˷
ҪսĽడ
ҶĻһ䣬ԱߵչҲȵĦĺҲҵƣչʣʮӥںڵҲһҲ绹治ĦŰ裬չȥߺߣĦûŸԴ
СӥչĻһ˵ȥ죬ӥХһ㣬̵˶ӷۣҲǡӥ湦ӥХաҲǲҶĻϣ˸¥һƬ֮
ʮӥ
Сӥչ
к˴¥ٿչ˵󼸾ʱ¥ڣѾѻȸŵĵز
ǧٵĿ⣬ҺͶ¥ÿ̨᷿ϣǵ᷿Ͷ
Ҷ˵᷿ţʮŮò˲䱻󲿷˿
˵ĺãǺηһɳƵͬһɤɭɭ˵ʮӥߺߣڵϵСеƶһǲһȺʬλز͵ĳɣ͸ҴǺڵô롣ƶ֤ڵνɵܺαϧһֱδܵüСӥʮӥĸֽֽ̰ɡ
¥һٿȻǺȻ궯
չҲһ֪⡰ˡ꣬ԭǡۡҵĵʿΪȴǺ͵ʿûаƣʮǰͶɱˡۡһ۵ͬŵʿ͵˹ߵѧؼһǮƱ˶д书ߣʮǰѵ֮ƫĺΪǱ޳ܣ伫
Ϊ׵ʿܣڵͷҲԸմϹϵֻǲ֪ΪΣҡһ䣬ȻĦ뷽ˡ
ˡν˵һ˵ΪǾ飬壬ɱһ˵˵书ơֱǡơ͡Ȫ
Ħ޳ܣ⡰ˡ޳е޳ܣһ֣Ȼսδţ
ڶʿ䣬ǶС¥͵һʨһͬһͣ㣬㣬ʲôҼңҶ˵뽻־ֵͣܽ𣿴ëϣ붯֣ʡʹ绨үȡ
绨áʨӺɤŵͦ󣬾ǿİͣ͵ƽױЦ¥֮䣬е߶ǺȻЦ嵭˽ŵա
һ嵫ȴشӶ᷿д˳ѹȫЦߵһȺûӲСҲҽѵĦĸˣǲ֪˼ʦ֪ų̵ֽһ¶ȣСȻ֪жƣǲ֪ν
˵֮ԲǸĦһģ˵ȴάĦ룬ƨĺõͼʮԣ˶ǲ²͸ǺηʥȻŵʮӥҲһҪȥֺĦ롣
֮ǰ˵ǸĿ֮ٴ𣬶ǸԼƨ֮˵ĽйȻʶ֮ˣλ˵Ĳ¡¡̫ꡯ֮һġ̫ꡯ콡ȴ֪λڴˡ
֪ľš̫ꡱǷֱǡϻ̫ꡱ־ɥ̫ꡱգ̫ꡱ콡׷̫ꡱ̫ꡱۡ˶ǡļӣָÿ˶һֵ񹦾书죬첻
ǡһʦı죬ݴ˵ʮǰ㹻ʵ롰񡱣λկȴӲֶһֱĦǡһǶȡҪΪ⡰ĸʵǿ
ԣ⡰һֱܵĳ񹦣ɹڼһɣ㹻ʵս
Ħ˴ĵμӡᡱټһʱĦµĴšּһѵԤʾŻѳɣͻƵ˹ڣ
Ҷһû˵Ǳ˻വĶľ滹ڼ
̫ꡱ콡һ䣬һ󾪺᷿֮ķ󿪣һͲСòΪӢ꽣ͣ·˶겻׵һع˵ѽѽԭǴһưԽֵ콡ְ棬ʤʴɽһ棬߻ϻĵĹѺҹɽİ˱ͷӣδϵڴִݣǲɷС᷿һأ
ԭǣ
˶ӦãҶȴһ¡
ֵ겻ǱָôôڲڳߣѵǼΪ׷棬ǾѡµͶ˲ɣ
Ŷѽѽԭʴɽ÷ͣʢ飬ĳƳ٣롪
һ¡¡¥֮УҶʮ˴Ӵ⿴ȥǸ÷¥Ħһжʮ˺˶ĸ¥ʮִɣԷҲڶ¥¶̨Ҷң
Ħһֻǿƣ쾳ıġˣһߴڣ÷üбۡݹ᾵ĵˣŭضߣûаɷ磬ư˶ֵһһ㡣
˵λ϶ǸղСӥսǸ޳ܵˡ
ʱġˡһ˫׹ֱðݺݵضҶˣҶȻҲһʿɵһ㶣ŸؿҶ䱸ɫǶһ㡣
⵹Ҷԡ
ôλϵʿͬ˷ߺްүֲ⡭ҶЩϷʵ˵
˵ֲؿҶԴֱʵôߵ֪ܲôһڱ۳ңΪƷвˣ۹ܾڸѧһһѱ¶ٶȫΪ£˱ٸ֮ͨ⣬µͨʲôɱֻ꣬ҪԴκһ֮УԵõĽĲ˵̫ڡ͡šǿһųȼѧΪʿ֮ͰԵӵΪ࡭Ҳͳˡ
Ŷԭˡ
벻ԴֵͦǮ
Ħˣһ¥һ׺ݺݵضҶһˣ֮˫֮¾Ҫ浶ǹĶˡ
ҶݵöԷ¥ƨԼһа塣
ڶԷյ¥ͬʱҶġǧﴫֿʼڸ¥䵴

һĴЦ˵ע⣬ҶϻȣңŶĦЦҵ˭Ħĳţԭ׷ѻɥ֮Ȯôǵӳھǰ£Ѷôߺߣ⽭û찡㣬ϺϺֻҳܡǽ壬ֲûĦĳţԭǻ첻ȥ뻻һĶҰ
Ҷһ䣬к˴¥ʱһôЦ
Ķʮˣ˲ǲȻŭ


200 
ҶһϯĦȺ˸Ⱥ˻ΪԼЩûɱ϶¥ȥȺ֪ߵǳСŪѾǶǷ⿪Ӧϸ㡢𣬶ԼЩˣϵĵסĹԷ߾Ȼô֪ĵʿTMDɷҲ
С̵òͷġˡʱƿڴүʱǣ󱲲Ҹ󶴶ȴҪѧڰҡǻòͷˡ
Ҷһ߻δ𻰣ĸ¥һ᷿һߣһĺˮӵʦ˵Цλ̨ǲҲ֪ʦȴǸ֮ʮһǰϷһھŮɱĴ󰸣˵ʦµģ·֮ʦͶ·ͶĦ롭ʦֻûĦţֻ˺˰ɣ
ͻȻ廰ΧʿǺȻ󻩣׷ⷿе˵˭Ȼ˺ʱ༤
ҶЦ˵ĺã˵ĺã⻰˵úáλѸմ˵Ħ˺ܸҷѰ
˴Ц̩СѣʦĹʦѰˡ
塣
̩Ǹ̩ɽ£ֵĺ֮Ǹ˳ơСϳɲʲôСһſУλȲǳţûо书ˣӲǿԼΣѺȻΪµֵռһϯ֮ء
УΪһ£λλзİ֣ǰ׵ֵĺ֮㣬书׿û뵽ﾹһΪݵĴɱӲƣбҷĳڣλСϳֵΪգĴ˵ѰҲİ֣ϣ
֤ݼԣ֤֮ȷط˶Էĸ׾ȻǵĴѪħġһ¿޿ɱ粵ΪĴߣܸͬһĹĻᣬֱ˲Űʬ屻ֹ֣ͣ
󱻼Ϊ˺ڳԺڣӶ˾ȡߣλŰӣ˼ҸǼӱ⣬˿ͷǸֻٶ֣˲ֳޡ
СϳֹΪ˴ڡĺ󡱵ġ¼дƪıǽصĺж󣬴֡
ŭЦݺݵ˵ĳЩ˲Ѫǲˣ̫꣬˼ҸĦ˽а壬ϵҶɱˣǻ˹ذɣ
콡ˮ˵үǰᡯֻΪСүδĿĵ֮ǰ¡ռȻˣ׼㿪硣⡭СӵĸθңҪιСү
֮
ʲôĶҲˣ
ģû

Ҷ۾һУԭЩǸĶӵģһôֻ֣Ǻ˫ͬ˼ǶᱦҲ
ٺ٣һЦһշԽʮɵĿռ䣬ֱ԰еϷ̨֮ϣӷ·ѾҶڣǶϷ̨Уذ֮µͬŲܲˣֱӺҽͷСֵүϼغϣͷڹ껹ҧ˵ʲôֵ
ޡҶһĭɳȥʮüԶ׵ģϲ弦ëTMDʲô񣿵徲֮أǰʴʣСүžʺ
Ҷһˣ˻Ϊ֮һ㣬ƮƮطɹʮɵľ룬ӯϷ̨֮ϣʱһƬк֮
ͬʮɵľ룬ҶǾᣬһĴݣСʿģҲǷе̣ûޣŵǺתɵĵʿһɷǡǷ꣬˳ÿ׾Ͳˣŵķ˰ѱŪһǰȻǸ֣ʮɵľ뻹ͷˣʽƵأʱҳṦ棬̫Զˡ
ĶҶ˸ͷʣеʿȴǲⳡ䣬û취˫ʵ̫һս죬һ̻еӮô
ȺҲۼСۿʼȺд
˵Сʿǰ쵱ս˫һС𣿡
ĸĸ
Ǹһ֮£͵ϮָӶݵǸ
ιˣ
ǵýʲôģ
Ҷ
ԣСʿöԸǽƿǿߵĻ֡
ļٵģ㾹ţ
үţܲһĺÿˡ

֮˳š
˫Ϸ̨վмһ֪ӣ˸ûһͨͨŶֲš
Ҷһֵܷ׷״᷿߳˻ϽϷ̨ϵĶš
ʸ̩Ŀһɨٶ᷿ڵ˷׷̨ǰһҶаĦֵķɣͷչЦߵܹȻ磬˶ķͷ
չʧЦ˵ʲôҵķͷһֽģʤ̫ͣǡҲǡǡ˵һ;ߵֱǰ
һԵ绨ĦȭƣİźһһëУʲôµġô򣬲ңȥɡ
ֵЦ⻹иѹͲ֪Ǻ绨ˡ
ҶӸ˧
Ͻðǵ˵
Դ޸Ͻڻûҵĳ֣˧
ѾͷһŻµģ
˶ĿתؿϷ̨ϵˣΨˮվ΢۾᷿гֵһһɨ¥㡢ոǸҶǸʱÿһ˫ůЦݵ޳ķĿκŮ˶Ϊ֮Ե۾޳ضᣬĹ󣬲κεĹԣʱɢһӢŮӣЩصЦ⣬ᡣ
ʱһ˫۾һԼͷʾ⣬Цеһÿͷůˮǵͷ⣬Լ⡣תͷ֮䣬ͷȴ֪ΪһƬ
ˮоԼǱһߵһ£ֱֻĸоҪŻµĸо
Сϳ˽ƽǿһŵʮõĴϷһһжľ籾ڽУˣЦݣΪֹ֪Ϊʲôýˮ޷Ӧ
ƺָоֻԼУֵܡ
ϣǱߵλСϳڸ缸ʾءԴΪ˶Ŀǵڶڳ߿˵ˣæкλֵܣֻңңʾ⡣
ֵŹλСϳΪ˵ģҲǼΪλƷæл֮顣
ˮ˺ߵ˵˲ı͡
չͷҲأſĶ˵Ŷߵʲô֣
ˮһƳȿ¥һ᷿˵Ǹ᷿һ˶ûеĿȴһ̲ͣض¥µϷ̨Ӧòڶˡ
ˡԱߵԴްһ¶䣬˵ȻһһֱڱĿ񣬵ĺҵĶ䡭
ʧЦҡͷϡʥĶһʦⷽˣͽܸǲˡʶܶĦڭǾ֮
ˮǳЦֵֹУĶǾֵŵġ
ˮ˵վſڵǺ۷壬һսĸ֣ͨӻǹûдͳһװȻʦСȻᵶལƺ֫㶼ǹڴ׳˫һһΪǵƣźϼ룬Ӧ·ĸ֣Ҳ²ӦƷŹ˵ΪӦͬһʦţĬ֮伫ΪȣȻʱ䵣ιɫسܹĳӦǹٸԱпǴڵ
һ㶼Ŀһۻʸ̩
λֵеҲŽˮĿ⿴ã̾һɫѿ˵˵ĻûǹˣһϤ֮һ
˭չʵͳΪʸ̩Ǻ죬ȻĹϵô򵥡
ҵ磬®ɽʸ̩
ŶǸͽ˺һͷʨĽʨүôչ𵭵˵
ʸ̩˵ͷ
ҪҪرһ£㸸ǰ˵㻵ϾǸվһ𡭡
ʸ̩ҡҡͷ˵֮䲻ַʽǸֱӵʸ̩˱Լȭͷ˵


201 
ʸ̩ĻʱһľŲɵ÷׷ʧЦ
벻ǻ֮ҲǸͷСһȭͷ𣿡ԴһĲš
ûҸʴСǵĵʲôʱȭͷԶֱӡЧ̸йߡûȭͷû˻ϻȭͷҲø˷ϻȻˣβȭͷֱ˵أ
ǽķɢʯ˵
ɷϵǣֱӡЧĽķϵȷⶼñٿԽ˳ɵ⡭ɷǱ͢ı
ɢʯҡͷЦȻǷҵ·ӡ
һǳЦ
ʸ̩ЦЦһתʵߵǷ˼˫ȻܹϸڷԷ·Ϊ֡˵˵Щ֡
ζǾ۾Žˮ˵һӡƯڶӡǱ䣬ӡǳȺ侲֪˵󳤴ǹ۲΢ͼ侲ķ
ˮ侲ص˵ͷ˵һ֮⣬һ¥Ҳ᷿Ϊһӿʼʱһֱעȫûнעĳ֮ϡÿˣڶԷעתƵ桭
оǶ¥һģһ˫̥ҲµûֵܶӦǾկֵܣǬ
ô֪ʶǣԴ޲ʵ
ˮҡҡͷ˵ȻկҴͬϣȴǴδ֮ϳֵܶˣһǵšǶŵǰ뻪岻ͬ¶һ߲ΧɽеķסǺڼСʱɸĸһٻ˼鲼ɵӣںϱʾߵﶼзԣܻúá֮⣬ǵű׶ű֪˲࣬ǴбϵĽǶԼǰϵرῴġ
˻Ȼ򣬾㶼ԽˮͶء
Ҳ¥ĸýĺ֣Ҳֵע⡣ǶСʿõĽҲ˲ͬ˵Ľϣ߶Ϊͨ׼˵ĽڶĴңǶֽ̽ĽӦԿΪǿ̣νͿ죬־ͱȱ˿һ֣ҲýѹƵ˵Ľ١ԭֽΪֽΪسƺֻһǾǼݵҡҿ콣ĸͲ࣬Ƕʮ塢£Ӧһĸ֣˳ơĿ콣ıǡ
˳ָȥĸͳһװһ§佣ŷʱпܰνһ㣬һѹֵĽŸС
һۣչЦߵ˵ûдǼ˵ȷǼҵˣһһĸýĸ֣˳ơĿ콣ǸŸ첲ŽĴӣҿ콣һϴ󣬽ңһҤǿŮˣûʮһû̵һ֮¾Լ彣ƽɣ̤벽ӦǽˡʣµˣӦþǡĿ콣䡢˳
Դ޶ϣƨɲƲƣʮΣյƣƫƫüΪڣʾΪƽʱԴ޴ȤҿһȺѰңһ˷ܵ˵ߵܸϽ˵˵ʲô˲Сûȥŵͷǿ˵ĸ˫۾ǿǰν۽𾦵̫࡭
ˮһЦ˵ʵЩҲֻǽĺ֣ĸȴԶߡǰ
ŶɻؿŽˮ
ˮһң˵ֻ²ֹҷǣҲ˰ɣ
ԴչһۣȻЦԴָһָЦһ⿪ʼѾ˶ˣ˵ĻҲУһȻͷϡСඡ
һͷϴĳûǺǵʵ̫ĳ徲ˡ
չɵҡͷʧЦּȻϲ徲չĳͲ̫ˡΪϲ徲ˣȴҪôֵĵطأ
ˡ
ôشԲûشǶֲ޶⣬ֻǾý̫ɣȻڴ֡ʵ˴⣬ȴ־ʹ졭
Ŷ⣬ΪҲд˸ܣ֪չνʹǺأ
չӥĿŹ⣬սȣ˵ܹдһǿա

һЦ֮
侲Ļڱ𴦣һչֵҪ֮ǰҲչһϸߵ͡ᡯٿڼǵչֶһ֣ʤ˴Ϊġ
Ŷ˭
ҡȻǳ˵
ͷȴվһ׻ɫ꽣ͣһ͹׾ĳֻͱ֪ǧǷ
չȴǻͷ·֪һ˿ˣֻû뵽ᷴԼڵıԣɵЩʵڤһһ᷿չĳ㹻ֵˣΪλ᲻ֵĶսأ
ΪҵģҿõĶ֣ûǽ֮ǰ֮䶯֣˭ӮˣʧĶҡΪȫʢڵĶλ֣Ƕ֣ս˭ǵȫʢڣռǵıˣĽǺҲ
˻Ȼһա
绨˵ǣʲôģֵ֣ܰ棬㣬һ֤̺Сү⡭绨һЦ⣬һҪҪ𣬷ү죬
ڤؿ˴һۣ˵㡾޺ڰصʱҰɣʱ㻹һ֡Ҫ죬Ϊû೤ʱᱣں쾳ˡ
ھ԰ɣ԰ɡ
绨ߣӾҪ֣ɢʯһס˵ˣߵǱϾҪˡ
һ仰ʲôãһ˷֮ɫؽעͶ˳֮ڡ
ڤץŽʵҲɵһɣ˭绨ев֣ܲԼ㹻ܹȡʤ绨Է̫ǿһΣյĲбһ̲סؼӱš
ڣҶ֮ѾʼۣϷ̨֮Уγ˷籩һĳȻ˲ûֱӶ֣˫֮սһ𣬲ǲֺ
ԾأԴ޳¥µһ￴һۣŵ͵ղָڵʱǸ˱ˡԴ֪ԷһΪһϤĸоƺԼǰʶһˡָоǿңǿҵԴ޼ҪԷִĵز
Դǿѹס뷨Ϊȫܵ飬Ǹôܻ


202 ȶʼ
֮У˦һеķЦ֪СںڻüֻҪڵүǰͷүҾһͷһֻӣһĴۡ
¥֮ڣϢҶλش
Ҷҳ˵꣬ѵһβͷڹ꣬бҪô໰ôֵ¼°ɡ
һзݶĹâ˵СҪTMDҪܽסƶʮйү̾ͿԴ㡭
䡪
һƬȻ
Դ޵һϲ
˫歵ٻЦ̫ˣǸʿοдأҶȡʤףǼʮвܵĻȫûġ
ɢʯԴޡ̩ҲǼΪ˷ܣһдüռȻ
չ𡢻ʸ̩ͽˮȴһء
չ˵Ȼա
ףΪʲôô˵ɻʵ
಻ԵҲһʵؿżɫصˡ
չһ˵ΪԲŵƣųʮΪޣ䣬ߵʮΪ׼һὫȫĹȫʮ֮ʩչԱ֤ԼʮвܣʮһĸɣΪ̣ߵΪѾȡʤɾʱ궨Ȼٴγ֣һɹ
ʲôٻСʱò԰ײСеǸĸ˲Ҫôʮ֮޿Լ˵İ
һԵĻʸ̩ЦӿˣҪֻŵǿɿĻǻҪɷʲôأʮ֮Լ˵ģʣԼʳԣ˭ᴦأ
ڶͬڴô
ʸ̩ЦЩͬô˵أʷƿڴ˶ѣǣ˻˶ΪߵܳͷġֻۡڱģǸẦأڵǳԶˣһܰأ
Ըˣ˲ǡ
̩ɫ࣬ҧгݵ˵ϹȻ˱޳֮ͽҪҡҾ͡һʱû֮£ȴ̩ͨ죬ͺлȴôҲӲȥȭͷһ
Ҫ˵ߵһëҾֽʬΡżһԵԴ޽ӿ˵
̩۾һ϶ص˵ͷ˵û˼
һݸ
ҶǺΣô
ˮ˵û£ּ߸ͲöԷмء
ΪʲôȻʵһСѾͷһԺ汦һҵʡ
Ϊ֮ʱмǷģǸֶԾȫĵľڱϣȴа־ˣȻռЩˣ־ᶨǿˣȴҪʳġ
СѾͷมһСǵؿųҶ

к˴¥ڣ࣬ȴڴʱüΪž
ҶҲ
ʮС
ߣҲʲôԼ

Է켶ĸ֣۹ԼֵĶ֡ӲӢֶΣԼϼӶ֣ڱ֮ʱҲòӶԷ
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212 
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á
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213 ެı
ŶȻֶûʸ򿪵ĺӣĳȴʸôĴͷ𣬰Լ֮£ȷԼǷʲôԼ֪ĸ߹֮
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ˡ
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аͷʩ

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а̧ͷݺݵ˿Ҷʿһξٶһʱգǵĳٱ

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˴磬缸ӻ԰˹
ˡ׽ˡҶû˽Ҳû׽𼶹ռඣֻóǰ㣬ø缸Ϥһ£
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׹ǰرȽǳף֮ˣֻҪõڣһмɡԴ˷ĳͼʵǿ̻ڼ̵ʱڴɡ
˲˵绨һˣ츳͡޺ĵӣڵһĽӴˡһصĹûǶ٣Աǿˣøӵշűøӵ磬һԿ䡾޺˫绨бͣ˼ӱṩ湦Ҷ


214 
˵ûзſӴչһ½ǡ
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ʱӦҶѡĿҲ˹ͬеĻһ֣ʦ֣ҲΤЦͽܣºšԳ
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һЦһǸĵļ˵СӸϽȣƹĽ˵дҪգ㹻ˣСӶ汦ֵǰ˳󡭡
ǸСӵĸæӭϣϵ˵ġСûأ˵ˣõĻɫƹĲȨ񣬼λүԺȥƹĹСתȥ˺á
Ҷ˷׷˸ϲˮ̺ڡ
˸ո˳ȥҶ⼸˾סˡ
⡰µǽϣȷǹ˼ȫǸӣǴŻĻİ裬ǴݾӶ࣬ϢҶѡģûмһɱûУз۱ĵطȫͬ
ĵطûҲˣôûû׶һҹ˯ߣڻָǵԴޣ˵
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Ҷҡͷ˵ûУûСȻĶƷƷľ֮ǿۡЩͷһȣͦսûá
Ŀһһˣ˵Ҷְ˵ı̫࣬ˣ˵ƷƷƷĶ˵ǲɶñˣһƷĳǹֵҪҲüӣ򲻵á
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215 
绨һƲ죬˵ǣҲ⣬Ա߹ҵɣʲôޣ޽ŵ졭
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ϣλ߰ɡ
ƹһͷЦеͷǰ·࣬һ·̸Ц磬Ǣ
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绨һ㣬˵Թԣ㣬ô֪ģ㶼ܿ
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216 ̩ѡ
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ҶͨһһľȣԱ߱ѵøƵ绨ʱǴ֣Цඣ㿴о򡭡һȥˡ
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Ȼ⣬̧ʿȥѡһᣬѴ̧صĵˡ
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ƹЦǸǵĶӣǵõģǸҲⶫװƷܸĴãռطŲ߷ڲֿˡͦãݣŴ߻֮أġ


217 
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ĵ׶һ񺮣ɱأͬʱΪЩмǺ޵Ĭôǹţܺù


218 춯
Դ޸ֻèûܵؾ˷޷ûǸ
Ǹû˵Ժ䣬ݳϸߣưѾá
Ľ⻷Ͼͨϰû¶٣Ƶķӻв٣Ӿķš
ҶֵҲѡôط
Դһأ缸Χˣʵô̽ô
Դһۣ˵磬ôȥ̽飿־ͺüȥô
ʲôȥˣ
ȷ磬ڸʲôû̫ǷҲˡ
Ҷһ˵˼缸еĵ۾Ϳʼڡ
绨һ󳳳¾ͶΪԵԵĶĦ˵Ͳбˡ
ĸ㰵ɱ붼ۡɹƻðС⡣
ǴԷһ䵥ĸ֣Ӧòѡ˱ĦһŵطĸѡطΪܹ۲ڣ̽зʵȻṦ䱾춼ǿԴϡ
һ̾
ǻǵ߶ң⣬ʲôʱ˳ʸ̩˵
òšԴ˵û۲죬ǵĴŵжȴȫˣҷ˸ֵĵط
ʲô˺ʵ
Դɫأ˵ʰװƺҪ뿪Ľǡ
ⲻܡ񶨡
ԶĸϹΪ¶ôۿšᡯҪʼˣôʱ뿪أ
ǣǲСԴˣڻûáչʵ
ܿЦôʰˣͷԺԴͻͻš
᲻̫˼ѣ̩ʵ
Դ
˵ôģʸ̩Դһ¡
иүԴޱŭСүؿ飬Ǳҵ̡
Ц
ҶЦ硭ǻǵøڸʲôҿϣ鷳һ⣬ȥô˵ġ
Դ޸мҶ֡ߵܸһȥϣ
ٴδЦ
ΨһһĽˮͻȻʵҪô
Դ޾һи׵˾俿׵Ļˡ
Դ˵治˵ҿȻʰͦһֱûг֣ǻ𣬾Ǹ̫ҲûֹӦûڵȻ𡣡
ˮ˴ӣ˵ҶԻĹ۲죬ʱӦûھšԻԸʲôô뿪Ľأ
Ϊ˺һԸĶ棬ȫŸ˽һϲĶһ᲻ܲ˵صõ֡
ǡᡯǊڴ˵أһһɫӦýεضڴ˵ءȴһҪߣôֻһܡǾһòߵɣɾԲԼϣٷְڡϣΪֻСûһУת
ŷص˵ͷ
ǾǷʲô£ûôżתأչ˵
˲ɵչֺ޸ƶϣҶƶǺģΪȫûκ鱨ܹ֧˵ƶϡ
ʱ򣬽ˮһεչ¶˵ǻۡ
ƶϡ
Ҳƶϵĳ
ˮ˵ͷ˵ʵ򵥵ģҪ֪Ϊʲôһҹ֮䣬յĽǵĻҪڻתһǵõʲôϢϢпҹʲôˡ
ˮ˵ϢǡݹģΪ֪ԼĶҪҲڶĸֱȻ֪ĿģͲӸյĿĵصʱתĦ롣ⲻϵϢһǸ˴ģǻӰ쵽ļΪҪ顣ԣֻҪңҹ𵽵׼ʲôˣǾа˳ɵļ֪ڻתĦԭ򡣡
ҹ
ʲôˣ
ǲǊţǸǲҪĦ˹һ𣿡
ܡչ˵ǸٳҪҲȥ֧桭ǲӦȥĦ룬Ӧҵ
˾ʱǸѡ
Ҳпӻʸ̩Ҳ˽Ҫʲôᡭ
ʸ̩ҡͷ񶨣ʸ̩ĺƾϲãԊչƵӦûѻ𵱳ɵ֡һʸ̩̫Ʋĺڵӵܣ仹ǸԷСүֻᱻġĦǲмڽύġ
ҲĦʸ̩ȴأ
ʸ̩ҡҡͷ˵ʸ̩㹻ͽܣΪʮ֮һĺܣȫûбҪȥύĦ룬ȻԼ
벻ʸ̩ͽܣֲôš
νǰʵؤؤİͬʱҲǡʮʮλĸ֣ơ£롾֡Ʒ˫档ֻΪйջʸڶԳƵĻʸ죬ؤҲͰ
Ȼʸ̩ôţƵʦţĦƨɣʸ̩Ҳܡ
ǻ˭أ
᲻÷͵һˣ
ôܣԴ˵ҲͶĦ룬һĸƵֺû𣬸ʵӰҹתĦ롣
˵ͷĬ
ǳأҶͻȻʵ
ôʸ̩һæʵ
ֻҲ²ĶѡҶɫ˵ǲûǷǰԼĻأ
˵ɫʱѿ
ǳĻıһǴެǵĿľһ£Ħ룬Ҳ£ǴެҪĦ룬ôǵĿǡ
˺Ȼ
ʸ̩һͷʽˮߵܣĲǰæһ£Եж󣿡
ˮĿƣȻ˵ҪҹûټˡûеĻˮͷ
٣
ˮ̧ͷᶨ˵Ҿãа˳ɡ
ެԶȥĦ룬ԲΪġص㣬ǶԻżҰģͼưԭĶһ飬һκƷʸ
һ˲䶼ѹֵ
Ҷһ˵ǲòжˡǳӴĦ룬ǻһôмĿǸ˻һ𱼸Ħ롭


219 ҹ̽г
Ҷâһ˵ǵ跨Ūµʵȥ̽ǵļƻ벻ǽߡҶתͷʶɢʯ磬ûʲô԰ǵƥŷֹֻһ죬ֲᱻǲģ
ɢʯ룬û˵Աߵչ˵ʲôҩֻҪͶȥٺõƥϡʺȥҲûǵûޣάҪЩʳģǰѰͶʳһ裬֪ɻҲǵι˶ƥڶͺˡ
һҶǰԼͿСʱû˵ʣʱȻû
ãҿС鷳һˡ
ϣ½ҡԴ´ȣӦ
Ҷ룬˵Ū֮Һһȥ̽һµ˵ĶлᣬϾͶ֣ҵİš
ɢʯЩĵ˵˵ߣôҵķһûʱȥأҪ͵ϮԷ֣ǿסǡ
ҶӻͳһСƿЦ㿴ⱦһһƿء
ʲô⣿Դһ棬صؾͶ˹ȥοƿӾҪ뿴
ҪҶͶɢʯͬʱһһ
ͨͨͨͨ
缸һء
ϣʲô⣿ûˣûˡԴᡢһʣ߾ء
硱ⶫ֮ǰҶùһΣԸħ̵ѲʹҶܲϵƣһƿھʣôһƿԸĦˣָⶫء
ҪԴ޸̣ˣҶľƿ˰Դľջ
ҶᡢһæȥֶͰƿӸˣôһСṦƿ֮һ
Ҷó硱Ľҩ缸ˡ
һṦ⼸λվһصԴҧгݵ
ƫƫԴ޲֪ҫ˵ߣţ̫ˣʲô֡
ʲôȲ֪Ҷ˱飬˵缸ˣŻй򣬵򡪡

Դ˲֪ãһҽиҪܣ绨һܱ͸סˣ缸Բ˰һٴ򡭡
ĥ󿳲񹤡
缸ֵһ߿ŹԴޣһ߻һж
չ˵˵缸⡮硯ԸĦ׾٣ⶫǲˣҪǶԷûоۼһô죿
Ҷ˵ôҪʱ̣Ҳ߳ɻǵҪۼһ£ؼǿûлʱ֡ãûһҾþӦðõǡ̫ꡯ콡ϣ߾в󡭡
һʾͬ
չ˵ǵʱ䶨ڽҹʱǷжŻʲôźأҪʹһɡ
ҶһƲ죬˵Ǹö缸ģһ
ҶִӻһͣһڲԲ
˶֪ʲô⡣
ˮͻʸ̩֪ⶫһɽׯùһһ֪Լʦ³ͨա
֮£һ𺰵顪
缸һ£ǽ˼һ˷ĶܣſڵϵԴҲض˿
סඣ͵ը
ҶЦ˳£˵СĸζҶһһ䣬İɣ³ʦ²ƷȫȼģûôըȻ˭Ҵϡ
龪һЩ֮⣬ҲҶ߰ĶΪᡣ
ˣˣǻҲˣٴ͵󹦷ˡչһ߲亹һ˵ɣϽЩ£ȻǻŪǻͿߡ
Դؿںƨɵӣ˵ϣȥιۡ˵磬мˣҪǶֲܾôȥҪ׼һҹ£취һŪһ
˵Ӳ̫Ѱ
û£еǶ೶һɺڲ

һʱ֮
ĦµԺӣƥȫʼϡ
Դ޲ҽݣǻʵӽģͶҲŪһҩ꣬һ˶չͷ˽ֱȫʮƥϲˡ
ͶŻƶЩԵõ㡭
˲СʱЩƥͿʼϡˣϡʺЩվסˡ
Դ޶һһˣƥδĦ˷ֵʱ򣬸æ˻
ˣ缸ǵڰɡ
缸ŷԺͷ񣬵ڡ
ҶвסȻڷͷϣԶԶĦԺĴţŻĻת
һֱȵڣҲû
˶֪ѰͶιˣ˼ѹûŽߡ
Ҷ˷յһ飬˵λڴ˽ӦҸٽȥ̽ʵ
ߣҲȥչ˵
˶磬ṦǹҸѧˡǱϢϢֶס㲻ȥױ֣Ҫָӡ
չ˵ͷʾס
һԵԴ޾ؿҶʵ˵ߣõ˴󷨶೤ʱ˰͸˵ˣҿСɵġ
ҶҲ˵ֱһ˹
ϢȫޣֹЩҪۿҶܲĴڣǱ۾ʱطʯͷûв
Դ޾ͶУɣҷˡ
Ҷٺһ֣Լʵǿšŋ翸󡱵İôļɡ

ǵʱ䣬ҶԴ޳Ħ븺𾯽˳Է֮һСС϶ɹСԺ
Դ޲ǡʥͽܣ۾һɨ֪ļ䷿ǻľ
ڷϳĿ귿ǱС
ҶԴ޵ѧԴ޵ӣèһ֫ãҪ˫Ϊ˫ֶ¶ָƤףĵλл棬Ħ죬Ϊ˫ֱ˫ŸèצһصʱмĻ˫ֻϵصŵأӿеٶȶѡ
˱èҪڷϵ˹ȥҪĿĵصʱҶ͵һץסԴ޵Сȣһ㵽˷һ˶̴Ѻ棬ͬһʱ̣һӰӵ·
ŵתǱϢԼϢȫڸͬʱԷҪ̴Ѻ˸޴Ρ
ʵ¬ɣ۸ڡ
һ⶯ϳ˶ԷǡǯзлٻĶԷɱǡޡ¬﷽¬أ
һֽƿ¬﷽Щǰ̴Ѵ𣺡ĵùȻھʱ˯ˡСүҲ֪ʲô裬һ޶˯վˡ
ҶԴ޸ĺʱˡ
TMD̴ѰȻǸרŲڼõġҪ¬﷽ֵʱ˯ˣղм¶ˡ


220 ɵ
ҶԴ޾Ͷ̴Ͱı󣬻ýŻһߣû˷֡
¬﷽̴˳̴һţƨĶı߸û˵ĻȻǼɣҡ
߹лٺһЦ˵¬ĪԹ۸֮˵˵û⣬ҪΪСүءİɣ̲˶ˡ
ôʲôʱߣ
СүӦϢˡˣҿҲԶˡ
ޡ¬﷽̾һ˵治ףػصʲôΪСүǰһ£պկ߻úһ㣬û뵽յĵһ죬ϻû١Сүһ˦ӣҪߡǰ׽ˡTMD벻ף벻ͨ
ǯзлҲ̾һ˵ˣЩ²ܹܵ˵ģȻı䲻ˣ;Щİɡ㿴ҹһ˺ϾƣֻѬطùҳԺȵġϽߣϽߣҹɫСơ
Ի
¬﷽Цߡ
ʣµлС̴Ѱ
ⰵпףȴ̴Ѹ£˶ﲻҶһ㴫ĺȾлСϾƿѬ
ѵãŶԷעѬϾϱߣҶһԴޣһ񣬸Ͻӷ˳ŷ±һ˷ܵ£һǰһܣֱʮףڵ˵طˡ
ߺһƬ˶ǽһᣬȷûˡǶԷϢķţ֣Ҳ㲻˾⹦ѵߵĶ
ҶҪȥţȴԴһѳסָָ˼ߴϱߵĴ
Ͻ˼а취ŴϲЩǺţЩСֽţֻҪƶЩЩŴʹһ粻ŻȥҲ֪ġ
ЩǺַһ㶼ӦõģõĵطҲǳõŴõĵطҲòãȻһʮǲвô
ԣе˵¶š
ҶϱͨĴ˽ȥһأǰһƬڡ
ҶһͱԴޣ˵ȥ鷿ȥңǿûʲôмֵĶ͵Ǹ鱨ʲôá
Ը˸ߣԴһѽҶקסˣѹü͵Ҳ¶ľȣѾģģڵϹģô֪ı鷿ıҡ
ŶˣҶ˵ˡ
ܿü
ţ뵱ɽ
УֵҴˣǱߡ
ҶаЦָָҲĵΰ֮ĶǸʦڣõ͵ı£ֻǰԴûӦĹߣҲû뵽Լǿ
ףԵľѪ۾֮󣬱ĶûãίʵøˣһƬҹҶǰͬ磬Ϊ档
ҾûҹۣƾҶġĦڭ޹ʮڵҲȫգȫõġ
ԼҶϸ鷿в鿴ҪʲôʵҶҲû׶ֻϣܿʲôĵطҵĦһж˿
鷿һ˶̴ľīֽݷȫҶаЦͻǶǸŪīôⶫǰƭ˵ġ
󷽵ǽڣһĴڷ˸鼮
ҶԼһûκβ֮ǽһǰϸ鿴
Ҷٵ鿴šĦڭ޹Ź̽˷ΧԶ֮⣬Ҳøӵľϸ΢
ټһҶֻǿٵһɨӣҵΪͬĵط
һ㣬мرɾط˳ӦʱóַŻȥ
Ҷϸ鼮ĳʫԻ̣Ȼܻоʫʸ踳Ȼ鼮϶ж
ҶҪ鼮ͷԴ޶굱ľ飬ϽһЩŪһЩСֶΣֻԼ΢һ£¾ͻмĿܱ֡
ҶüͷؼƺǰԼԥʧᡣͷһ𣬺ȻЩԾһլԺӦĦʱõĵطǣô޵ʱﲼʲôأӴ鷿Ĳ飬Ħһ·ģ鼮ĳ¾ɳ̶Ҳװӵġ
ҲֻǱʱضĵطûʲôأԼ˼룬²Ķ
ҶԽԽüпܣһݣȥҪȥ鼮
Ҫһѹ͵ͻȻ˹Դޡ
ԭԴ޹ѰҶʱɿҶðʧٶæֹ
Ҷѹߣ˵İɣطĦʱõԺ䣬лأҪʱٵģȻûʲôΣաʲôصСܷȥ鿴ôһʲôıǷˣǾǴ󼪴
Դ޺ˣƴҡ˵ˣֵܴˡ
ʲôˣ
TMDʱõլԺTMDĦϳղڴϷ˸壬߷ǵص˷Ƕ壬ȥûTMDʱסôѡ
ҶһʱȦˡôطĦͰźõĵصôôĹ̲Ǽ칦깤ģѵ֪Ҫٿᡱɣ
ҶͻȻԼ̲̫á
ǱߵԴһҶ½ǣҶæŶ˵ϿԴǰŪ鼮Ļء
Ҳ֪Դ޴ĸ˿ͦϳŻ󣬿Էװ³ͨĲ
ԴһһСƬַӫĿʯʱԴúɴϣâӰһ߬ȭͷȫû⣬ʱԴ޵СͲø˿棬һᣬһͭ˿ѹɤҶ˵ҶӣûǻأղҪһǼ飬ؾʹˣҲµĲǡ羪סҾըղҵĻһ飬Ҷϵ飬ȫʬ¡
Ҷʱ
TMDﻹйףⲻɱָ㰵ɱֶôCIAһƴˡ
ҶҪ˵лĻͻȻо׺һá
һæԴҵطܡ
ʱԴҲ˵ҽŲͷЦλǻ
ʱûطˡ
鷿ǽ֮⣬ﻹһǽûʵôһӣԴ޶˵˽ȥ
װأһкҶҶҲæ˹һУ϶̫СԴ޹ݽȥҶȥ
ۿſڣ˼ͷ󺹣ҶͻȻ˼һתǡǹѧˣԴ޾۹УҶһ죬Ӳ˽磬һ˽
Ҳʱ֨ѽһűƿЦУĹ䣬ĸ˵ĽŲ˷䡣


221 ͵
ڶԷݵһ̣ҶԴͬʱתǱϢһʱ̣ȫѪأϾҲֹͣȫëױպϣӲס˺Һʣζ
ҶĶڳֹ๾ŷԼһ綼ˮп磬ĺܡ
ӶֱۣˮһЩ
⡾ǱϢֲñԴ޳Ϊ˴󷨡ʱԼˮ׵ڹһųˮڿššһһԼſǣһ
ڡǱϢ£Ħڭ޹ĹҲǿƹرգҶֻöΪ赲Ҳ޷ֺ
˽֮˽Ƶƣڵʱ
˳ȥֻĸˣһĸߴ󣬴ȫĺۣñҲڵʵֺ
ǺһЦҪ˵
Сү
̫ꡱ콡͵سֹڻͷϱ˴ϣ˵ɫ˻֣ʾ׼
콡ǼĴΪǱƿû顣콡ļΪϸֻǻȵе㲻ͷ
콡׼鷿Ĵ֮ʱ̲סһ
콡һЦҲ֪ԼЩ̫أÿ˾ú򣬼ò洰û⣬Ҳ;Ӧⲻⲻ֪ȴ˶ҶԴӹһ١
콡ͣ˼Ŵȴδ鷿ݡ
վڴУ͵˼Բһһƺߣһһ٣˵һһεĲڱһɨ䣬ҶԴ޶֮ܵҲûѡ
ҶԴֻһɱ޿ɱܵϴԼûȴһ֪ղô£ҲǸʲôֱ˸CTһ
콡һɨ֮չŻ˵Сүûκ쳣
Щյ˵Ȼû쳣ÿ춼飬ĺӡ϶˸飬ʲô쳣
콡ЦЦû˵
ʱԱһƶͳ˵ͨ쳹󷨡벻ʧѾõ񹦾Ȼϻдˣ֡
콡һۿɵðԾ
ҶǵһʱǳȺüǣ˸žƸڸ˵һǻȻ
֮⣬Ǹͨ쳹󷨡Ǹʲô
ҶԴ޶һ֪ضһۣԭղ콡ʹĳֿԷ˲ڴ˴ĹʱͷɵһңڡǱϢϬֵס˶Է⣬ǱΧ³ĸ˵֣ҶԴҪй¶вأȻѡ
ҶԼŹ򣬻ͷлʼȥ
ԴʱקקҶ䣬գգ۾˸ĶȻˣ϶Ҫ𣬶ҶϽŵ˶ڣͷš硱
Ҷҡҡͷָָ䣬ָָ棬˼˵Ȳ˵ʲôõЩõ鱨֪Щ˺һʲôıơ
ԴҲ˵ͷʾͬ⡣
˴ȫް֮󣬻ٴЦѵʹĦ룬ԸͬĳһͬתĦ롣ʰ֤ͣһʧʹ˵֮£̲ݻռΣ
ժ¶ñ¶˴ӵĴֿݣһЦ˵СүƼĳֺγˣռá٣ǳĳĸֻǣʱ˵Ӣۻ㼯ǵȴͻȻתѱ˵Ļɣ׺Ҳ鷳ǵȵᡯĻĵ죬Ⱥ۾ۼɽׯϾ˵ʱٳΣСᡯºܵעߵҲʹ죬ȵȺ۷ֵʱҲǧ֮ˡ
콡һۣ˵ͷִЦȻ߼ûĳеСҪǡᡯҲûʱˣҲ¡ô˵ˡ
˾ͺãĳЩˣȸˡ
ãúáʹ˱밲Ъ˰ʹ˵Ϣ
ʲôˣ
Ҷûüͷš硱û뵽ͳƨɶûȣˡ
ѵҪ鶼Ѿ̸ô
̫ùˡ
Դһ˫ԹҶ˼˵˰ɣ
ҶοЦоͷˣﻹˣĿ궼ǺֵǮɵ˾׬ˡ
һٶɱˣ滹أһгôڵĸ֣һﲢöԸûλ˵ʮ㣬ڹٴ˴չʧ֮нĶǲöԸСǿΪǿ͡
һߣҶڷⳡжЩԥˡ
ʱ򣬷һһֱû˵ˡ
Ǹòʮ꣬ʮԱģˣֱֺðͣһԱģԴϴԱñһ֣Ż˵СүúϢְҲиˡ
һɤӾ֯˼ȥԱ⣬һɫʵ˵гµʤҵ㵽ģôû㣬Ϊʲô㵽
ǸгµʤԱٺһЦ˵ְȷʵүģߵΣܸСүֻҪСүͻˣȻ֪ˡ
쾳֪ͷһָ̫ꡱ콡ô˵֪طඣ
콡һ˵ְ֪
ðǶ֪ңѵΪǺ۸ôϽҴʵ
콡ͳµʤһۣԷ۵׶ڻ֮飬ɵͬʱһЦ
콡˵ֻй֪ţȴĹأ²ƻЩء
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224 ʤ
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229 ǰ
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ɽ˺ֵȥѰǶƷͷĸȥء


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ҶһƭӣҲûƣû⣬ûںҲûȥ
ȴ֪ǳ󺺵һƷͷ㣬ȴڶԷ˲ĥӡ
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ʦΪ˼ëǶĸëС˸С˼ʵ˵ǶˣȴˣĶ˵СӴСƢԸ͹һܵġ
ʦգչ飬ֳ˹Ķ
ʱҲʦգΪʦڣû˹ܽˡ
ھֵĹأھû˸ĸĺӶھˣҲھֹһӵƢһͰͷĶӸһ١ûֱӱšˡ
ǹϰգЧ룬ȻԼͷϲϣһֱԼ츳̫ϡɣΪȰ䣬ÿնһԼǵôĸذٳĺù
ͻȻԼĵӺãܺǷ˵ԼǷʹˣԳɲġ˵һĵسԼˣԼУֻûܻʶӢۣԼˡ
һӶԹԼıίʵ𣬴Ϊж
ԭԼǷ
ͬУйлĳ嶯
ȻҲˣסˣ֮꣬һҪҵˣţҲԼֲС

Ҷ֮ʱ̨Ǳ졣
Ҷ֪ǱϾҪʼˡ
ɱ񶥣Ҳ˺һʹܻԼһϣһѾ˵ˣһ϶չһԴޡ
±ߣṦãվϱ߸ûƵأҲ˵һԶԶؿŹ̨ϣһΤЦŲһҺ
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ҶòΤЦǺʲôǳ󿴣һʮΣɶδͷˡ
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˺ΤЦ֮ʣµĻ֮࣬Ҷǲʶһͱߵչʵ磬ϱߵЩ˶˭صǵģò硣
չһ֮Ц˵Щ˶Τүѹĸ֣Ǻڵе֪ǸһɫӢ멣˳룬òͷ񶫡ׯʿ֮һ˳ơʥչͷġͨ۹ɲԲܵ޵ôʹԱߵͺͷǡɡ꣬ݵ֣չǶĺѣǸʮͷĺúǡǹ׵ǰԱˣҲЩ壬ͨϰǲģҲڵѣ͢Ͱ׵ɵĶֵºӲҲٳ˴Ϊ˱׵ɱĳӹмĸʶģߵ˴ŸǾݺƿɽĴ󵱼ҡɽߵλǺǣҲʶˡ
Ҷһһߵͷ˵λ罭죬һȺһվʲôʲôʲôɹʲôⶼܼǵð˾ŲʮͲס
ֹʱǱҲΤЦĽҲˣͨ죬ÿ񸽽ɽׯӣ߸߽ͽô
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СҲϻֱӾʹҪ볡
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СǼ͡


231 Ƶ
չλͦԶУҶչĸ˵ֳıԣɾܹأò̫档
չصԶƹλӵıؾͱȽϽˣҶλã԰˵ıһ
ҶԼʦһ˽ȡõıЩʽĶУʵľеһţƤûɱͦ˵⡣
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ڵеļˣҶΪӵģƳ磬棬½ƶ֣Ʊ룬лưǻ츳ڣǷԲסƹ۵ܳĵӣʦż
ƳǼźѰҳأΪʦֵܼͬʱŶţؼҲš
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֣Ʊٺһ֣˵Сʦ˵ˣϲⶥ˵ⳡӮ֮ٱӮ˻кôάƷ
һǴΪ˷ܡ
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ЦһҲ𻰣ĴһֻʦֵܸԶԼĶǻ۾ؽɵһ֣Ŀ˵ģȴѶĴᣬаģһҪһ۶һĹҲŷġ
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һƬִ֮дԭս˫ѡ־ȻһȡʤӮڡ
ҶһЦΪԼʦŵĶʮУһ붼һƵУȡʤҶʮοලٹȻû˷ѣСֹȻֺֿݣּǡɽһһʽһ־õ˺Ȼֱнء
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Щƹ۵ǵĽ֣ܳ˽ɵע⣬ԶԶسָָ㣬еĿߵļͷģҲע⵽Լæֹء
Ҷŵµļʦ֣Ҳϵ֮ɫĴֹصȺȭΪ˽﹧ء
һᣬʮСӶһƤЦӱ˻ûط֣ƱǶӲǺСʦ壬˵ϲⶥӲǧ˵ɵøӰ
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232 ʤ
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˿콣Կ콣գۼƴʮϲΪãһûиϣһԷһؿϣһ֡
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ʱ⺢ӿ˸˵ӣ̡
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ϲһŴ̧֣ͷСʦ壬ҶҲ˹һĴָɽĺӾ棬ֵһĶߣСʦһϹȥʦֵǻȥˡ
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Ҷ֪Ǹӻ񲻴ϸһˣνʵשʵֽţǰשóС飬Ȼཬ֮ճһֻҪ飬΢һõשһѸȵСש顣
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Ҳʱ̨ϵĲеλˣһµϣֱӺŰ˶塭
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233 ս
ҶǿЦ⣬˵Ǹ⣬ʵӮ˶ԷƫĵֶΣ
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һ룬ҲУģ׽ԱĿһ֣ȫʱһ֣ĤܵٶȡӦȵȻҲȫ켫µھҶҲԼǵơ
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Ҷ̾һ۾ĴһѰţ
Ҷ۾һУ˵ٺ٣֪ɶˡ


234 ǻ
ɫԲͬؿҶԼոձһƵĴʯһ߼ߡ˰ٽأǽǣϻǸԲΡ
ˣһ򡣵ط̫СͲ˹Ҷһ˷ܵ˵
˷ܵ绨УСӴСûôɽϾʦʦˣÿ𷨡иûûˣʲôʱô˼֡
绨ĦȭƵ˵УУȥôǰɣϽԡ
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ˮе˵߸磬ǻ治ô壬壬ӣ㿴ô
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Ҷ˵磬ϰˣˣպʱ񹦵ˣһۺⱾڲ֮ˡС⣬ĴõĶˡɡ
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Ҷǰڴѧ֮ʱҲһ򣬺ҶսѣԼ岻ڣֽŲЭϵ油ϣǲ֮
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ҶýŲһǴʯ߰˰ٽصȻȵҶĽű֮ϡҶѽűϵĴʯǰһݣʵô˭
ˮ̩ȻҡͷԱߵĴ绨˷ܵĸʲôƵأֱ£Ҳİˣ棬һأҡ
ҶһλôߣҲֹ֪Ϊûûأ磬Уɵöŵ㣬Ϲߣʱ˷ۿⲻ𡭡
ģҰɡ
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ΧɫҲǱ߲ѣһſǻǺɱ˵һҲֲǴ󵱼ҵȱ⣬ûɶãʯͷ
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ߵôһ˵ͷȻզˣֻȺ˻ΧҶ˵ߣһ;ò̬ȡ
Ҷһȣߵ绨ĸǰ˵磬û°ɣǾǶ˶ѣǧڶִˣǾûˡ
ˣ绨ָָǰߣ˵Ƕˣϴıҵˡ
Ҷ˳ָһ·߲ݵϣһž޴ʯðһ˵Դֱ˲ݵ
ҵλ֣ƨɣԴڵص£һȸ߸̧Ь˦ˣ¶ĴֺͷΪζһһ
ҶһǴ̶㣬ĵƵӢ멣Ŵӣ첲ϺɭɭĺëҶ֪˭ˣҿӣĲùĴʯһ¸ĵصˡ

TMDӲⶼ
Ҷһۣ֪˵ûɣԼͭƤǺ˲ʱյĺһ
Ҷ˱һ٣ͷе㲻˼ҲǷ
Ҷһ£ͷ˵ϴûιȥˣǰҰãܾ
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߸ˣҪʯͷߡ
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ǸҶ㿪
ڶܵʹҶһѽԼǰСåƿʯͷİ׳ÿֱȥһţǿʯҶ߷˳ȥֱӷɳʮԶŴȴϸҳء
˶һ࣬˵￴Ž湦Ӳȴ󵱼ҵĹˡ
Ҷ߷ʯͷæǹĲӣԴӵص°˳һ飬Ȼʲô˺ûУһԴʯӲͷһ˶ûܣ˵Ƥ˵Ѫеص𵴣ҶƤûгѪ֢״ȷ϶ԷûڳѪϢһҲ㹻ˡ


235 Σ
ҶûжɢʯġѨı£ҲѨڶԷ̫ѨѨҪѨ֮󣬶ȹȥһЩͨ˶ԷϼٶµľѪһͨ˾͡šһ˹
󵱼ҵģûѹ
ʱЩԺεһԴκʵʲô£
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ԭյװջ񣬵һӲؽָŻסˣԷҲǸۣŶԷǸͷԼ϶Ķ֣һԷһݣٰԼţǲĻᶼûˡɴֱ࣬䣬Ȼ׼ٱһ
ôţӲǴ˵ӱһ֡
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ڹѵļҶɲʲôϸֱʦүһǧƱ˵Ǵ󵱼ҵûˣڻе㲻ѣȥ˯һͺáǮţ㲹Ʒúһ£֤ٱʱ򣬻һú
ǻʦүһƱʱ۾ֱˣⱲӶûôԼ˴һأҲǰٰʮӣλүŲ˵һ־͸ǧӣһλᰡҪ
УУλĻһתǴ󵱼ҵģλү
Ҷ˵ͷż˱ת˭ҲûעʦүĹǲͣػ֣ҪҶ
˭˵찡
ߣȵȣϡ
ץһ󣬱һͷΣֻͣϢһ¡
һߣҶٴֹ˴绨Ҫȡشʯľٶһĺߵʡʡɣ棬Ǿ͵ó˼ԴʯӲȻ㻻ԣԹӶҳ
̩Ҳѵ˵尡Ҫǰ˼ඣǲ׼֮ôԼ棬û˱˵⣬˵ȥ
绨Ʋ첻˵룬һת˵ҪͷԼһôֵģ߶ɲȥ
аҶ۾һ˵ûϰ񹦵ĸŴҶǳϲġ
ûû绨˷ܵ˵
ԱߵĽˮ̩ɫжˡ

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ڶֵıʼˡ
⼸˵ı䶼Ѿ̩ͨ绨ˮĸƹ۵Ӷһսʤһ֡
ϢƹõŽһֱʱһҳϣʮ֣һɫȫƹۡ
ΧߵǰʱΪ׼Ķٶµ˳򣬶ƹˣһƵС
Ȼֵͬ߻в٣˭Ҳûƹͬһɵ˶࣬˵һһšƹۡĵĳ̶ȡ
һҳֽĹϵƹ۵һҹ֮䣬½֪

ε裬ľ˵ô˵ӶƹҲʮֺඣ
Ųһͷϵ΢˵ͻȻȷͷǿɣҪúòһģϾûгõۻǿıġǵõĳɵĴУҲˣЩħа̵͸ֵУҷǸν侾
Ŷħа̣·ͻȻʲôЦ飬ͷааһЦʵ֪ǸùЩħаأ
ʲô˼üͷһ壬µЩ졣
ĪҲһʱ棬ԷǸķṦΰо֮飬˽ĸֻ࣬ӳ׿ѣ⡣
һߣ˵ҷǸΪ飬˾֪£Ϊ֪ĵطԻ֪ģһܴĵǴĶҲȥš
˵֮վ˵˱ҷǸġԡƵ߰˰ˣʣµƣò˶ñȬȬ֮Ļֻ¹һ¥ͻָԻɴˡ˻ҲͲÊٳˡŻҪһʱ޷ӣӶӱأҲ빫ӲҪҷǸ֮ԼҲŶʦи
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ת˵ҲĪҪתկηǸĦˣΪ˻ȡĦİȣկĪҪգҲĪҪ볯͢ԲǡֻҪʵʵشϣԽ֮أɹȥ͢ĦĦԱ֮أǾĪֱĦ벻ˡ
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һߣһӰԱ˽ִڻԣǡ̫ꡱ콡λ书׵ĸڻֵ߱üΪʵСүϷˣǸ󣬻᲻ԷȫأϾ֮һӰͬСɡ
ЦЦ˵İɣԷǸҰģԲǻδǵĺ֮ǰƴһġΣǷΣǵٳҲϣǵĵ̣ôôм¸Ǹվͳһսߵġ
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ʱЩ⻹ǻʵʩġ
콡˵СүүϲúͳޣԭүҲһ򿴲Խ࣬ҲԽ֮ˣүϡ˵ү⡣οެүΪĿľΪү򱱣ԭģǷϣֻ´ެ߳ŭǶҡˡĵλ˵СүĽ鲻ᱻܣүʢŭ֮£Сүڵĵλᶯҡ
⣬̾һ˵ǸִˣҲ޷ֻһˡҲΪΣ֮ʣԽĹøܹȫԸ͢Ĵ


236 Զ
ƹ۵ǡᡱĻš
ϵرĺʿ෹ۻ⣬벻ͻȻҰɡ
ע֮£ƹ۵ഫҲϣΪڶʿм٣ЩԽԽ顭
˵ƹ۶ǷˣǰǰĴɵ۹ȼǶвʮ񹦾
˲ð˵֮ǰƹһУţһħ֮һȸȸԶݶӣΣӭж⡭
˵ƹ۹ǸǧĻɣǴһ棬ǣ׷ͯհһǰһƣҶϷʪɢˣˡ
˵ƹ۵ĶӣΪն֣˵һƹ۵ĺ󱲣һʮ֣Ӷһذ
ﶼûУǸͷǰǸСʿǸСɣֵۿɽһϼһµԴûˡ

Ҷˣһ·һ·ָָ㣬˷˼ԣ˵֮ѹûлرܵ˼ԵûûȷЩʵҲÿ󵽴˵ȵزɣ
ͷʲôʱǧˣǲˣǸ겻ѣ
ҶʲôʱɽˣһͷûˣҲ̫ܳ˰ɡ
һѡ˾ͽսҲƹ۵ͷˣҲ֪ôģáͷȴƹ۵Ķӣ治֪λ÷ѩľү֪Ժ᲻ƹ۸ඡ
䳡ظһ·ԽԽ׵ĴţСһ˷ܲѣһȴüͷЩġ
СʦܣһʦԶ硯ʦŵҪշһ¡ʦ½ɫ˵һҵҲδϵʦͻȻԺաҪ֪ͻȻ̫ȴǾǺ¡
Ҷһ㶣ʵΪΰʦ֣ʦŲȷҪָʦͥôʱʦŵ磬νʦضɽͥƣʿע⣬ѹħħħž࿹ҲȺǰ¶ʵȻħٱ¶ᱻЩʿǸඡ
СʦԼǣעħŸǰܹγǿƣЩǰȴܻΪǽӡ㿴˿ܻô룬ȻƹôǣôҸ˵˾Բ٣ǲȥսŴɣָոûʲô̵ǿУսָճЩɣӮ˼ܷ⣬ֲʵˣĸӰ죬Ϊս˻ܶ࡭ܶܶ࡭
Ҷɫصص˵ͷ˵İɴʦ֣ҶţսƹۣСʦǰ߶һķڷ
½һ΢Ц˵ˡ
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һǧ˵ĴɣҪɱ˵ĽҲҪ˵ԹɴߣĪˡ
СǼߣ书ܳһʱ֮⣬֮󣬲һǰжΪҵȻ㸲겻ѡ
ǧ֮ŴɣȻҪɽ֮Ҫʼ
ƹڣһ˼Ϊʦ˼֮Զߣ½һһϣʦ鶼ȲϡĿֻһضɽţ־
Ǽ᰸˸⣬Ȱһһ֮޷ΪʦűĻһѳսֵˣʦţ̳ٹ⡭ֶֻȴȫ֪ô
Ҷʦ־רһĳ飬ǴңڽȻΪһҵˣҲǴңͬһλһ˼Ҫɽɵ½Ǵҡ
Ϊ˱ҶϿ伫ʦţԼ񹦾ҲһɣҪ֮ǧҪΪҪĲж񹦾Ҫһʣһ֧ţʺ˵壬Ҳţÿ˶ܵᱻۣᱻ˿һ֡顱Ķ
Ҷãһ򱶵ĻҲǰԳ֮ΪҵĻܼ򵥵ģֶһĻһ飬һһŵֻĻͣǣǿ
ҶʦУܹܵ
ԱΪǲġ
ʦ½һֱǿΪ׼磬ӦΪĽ
ƹۣΪ䱳ʷʹֿΪеγɵľ߰㣬ֶ½ֽĺߣνƹ۴ӵĸߣΪɡƹڽһ֣ƹдϵµˣĽߡ
Ҷû뵽ǣʵΪȫӵżԼ·ˡ
Ӵʦ½ҶһλӵǰһɤӣСǣսƹʿǵһĹٵһشſ£ǸģҲǸԽԹģҲġӮȡʤĵӣûУСʦһӣˣòģʮҪǶ۵ģҲûϵúͷٸӮסûС
סˡ
ڵһмܴǮãƵ˷ܰ
ҶʵҲѪʦѧƻûģʽЩһһѧ֣ԼѧȥһʦŸЩͲԼƷǮ˲ǡ
ȻӦ˴ʦЩԼеҲðèľͶԼ֣̫ӣҲ̫˷Լʱˡᣬʦֶ֣ͦġ
Ҷʦֶǵľ굽չˣֵܶϢϳ
һ񣬾Ϳ̩Ŵ󵶡
̾һԼġŋ翸ûмд󵶵ĹҲóһǳɲʥˣҲǾճġ
ֵô󵶶ָּûУر߽˭ῸôϳǰĽû⹦򣬱ҲûԸⱿһ
磬˵Ŵ󵶾ȱָѡȼľЧˣҪﵽ־ĵزû˸ʱ䣬ҶҲúϼƻ̫ˣ̩ĻԣΪλ磬϶Ķ״򲻶䲻Ϊ˵Ļ㱻̼ġ


237 
̩Ҳ̾һ˵ߵܣ˵ô죿һǴһվͰѶֵĳˣռ˵ˣⳡӦûô˰ɣϾķ֮һ
һɽׯ׼еУҲִ󵶵ʽ̩ȫȡʤԷǸͨߣȻųȥֵôܱ˫ֵ󣿵̩һε̩ҲһƵеĸ֣˰ˡ
ϳˣѧʲôˣ磬ͼסվǰֱǶȣбһ㣬˳ƺաԽΪᣬ˳ŵߣſƵõ㣬ֻҪڹؼ֮µͿˡ
Ҷһ߽ͣһ߽ӹ󵶱Ȼһб࣬˳ŵת˫һŵأ󵶺һһԲҶΪתٶ̫죬ԭļ׶ڵҶתһȦٴǰʱ˫Ѿм们䵽˺ˣٽĴ󵶸ƵغֱתҶ˶ԱһתȦϵµ·ɣӲγһ磬һ򡭡
ͣ֡
չһ󱩺ȽͣҶʾ
ҶһͣµƣٿȻһƬǽ壬ﶼѱıԵԼΧ˸ɸɾһ
ҶЩãһԵչЦǺǵ˵ʱ뼰ҲϬֻ֪ôղ赶ʱ򣬵γɵƲҪҼʱֹ㣬ֻѴһа̵ĵطƽˡ
˺ȻЦ
̩ϲؽӹˡµЦߵܸĺý飬⿴žͣȻԸĸ֣ԸԤеѡӦô´ࡣţȥ
˵겻˴𻰣Լ
λֵһ̩żӣǹЦ
չЦˣ׼׼ɣ
˺ȻӦŵ

һյı֮ղ˶١
ҶѾһԲľ޺һȶҶ֣һķ֮£ɢˣһȭûԼغȻҶȻһһֱԣ޺εڵأҶһƵлʤ
ɽׯȴǻ˲ʱ䣬ĸҲ̧޺Ҷۣȥ޺
뿪䳡ʮľ룬ͿǸ绨һʯͷҵĹŸǩһ䳡ԼǇNNɪɪ߸һλͷɥߣһϵƭļһ
ôһְʲô˸סˣ
ϼأ߶٣λ˭湻ˣôһʯλүһԴ˰˰꣬⹦
ţ
⻰ô˸еôһϤ
Ҷһ
Ȼλϯ䣬һ߼Ĵʯѳ飬ǶҶֻһ۱֪Լ绨ʱֻˡ
ŹһεҶɵһ̾ĵ˵ԭð
ҶһʱЦá
á
һڲԶҶתͷʱֻҿ콣ϴңһֱۻûʮֱۣϵĶ̽ڵ˵̻˼ʮĶ糶ľżһ㣬ͣزʧȥ˵ֿʧܵ
ܹսһƬȺͻ֮Ϊۿҵĸѡ
һӣĴΪ¶ɫΪԸҶɵʧЦڴʱһŮҶ𣺡ҿ콣ȻͶ࣬˵ҶġΪҶ֪ԼʹŮӣﻹ׿⡣
ҶġĦڭ޹ѵ˲ԶΧĵزոûлͷѾ֪˽ӽҲ֪ԷǸŮӣĲԴʱԷ˵Ҷ⣬ЦҶĳֱԣαعҶ
ҶߵĹﾪסһ˵ô֪Ҫ㣬ǡ·أ
ҶȻһЦ˵ʮ׿ע⵽£һ·ңҪת뿪ҧ˹ڵڶʮʱдڲ²Ҷĳ˵ʹýŲŻһֱͷĬֱ岽ҵʱ򣬲Ҫ̨ϵϴһۣʱʽѾϣҪһҿ콣ĺôֻҲҪԷֲſ԰
ҶתͷЦ˵˵ǲǰֿ
ﱻԷݣʱɴһ˫Ŀһŵر鿴ǰҶʵ󲻵ûпԼһ۵Сʿô֪Լһ·ıֵģô֪Լأ
Ҷתͷ֮ǰɵһһ֮еŮȻǱȴ֮еĴҪ׵Ķ࣬ûжʵᱻҥ
ҪǻĶˡ
Ҷ֮ǰɵɱĴ̿ͣϵõһĻСѾͷò֮⣬ӡ̵ľһ˫Ĵ۾ʱҶΪ̵ӡ벻֮ʱԶҪȻҪˡ
Ҷʱŷ֣ԭֿȻԼҪᣬ˵ͱʵۡҵʱ򣬻Ϊʮǰأռŷ֣ԭӦþʮ֮ڷİ
ֻǰԼһͷòüˣʤѩѻδǣϴӻƼ׵Ĺװȹȹ滹׺飬нߣһĲʷϸеøӲӯһգ࣬һ˫ЬҲǽߣĵǸӨܳɵˣһȥ쳣
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ҶҡҡͷȵôܣСδ뿪һĶֵأôܼ뿤أŰһ죬һʾƶ㣬֮ǰѾ֪뿤Ȼõġ
У˵˵Ź֣Ϊһǲӵ䣬ȼȼյĺʤ֮ģ̨һۣЦλСʿҪ˵ҵȷģղõĲǡҿ콣еһС滨ꡯһ̳зǰʮѨ׿¿콣вɶõ似￴Ʒһ£ȴְˣ
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뵽Ҷ˼һһմƳһ䣬صʵСԶƶһͣŤŤûһĪǡĪǡ
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Ҷһɫָžžžһ㣬աž´ȣָ䣬ɫȻغȵĪС㿴ҶĳҪƶΪ򲻳ɣ
ȺȻҡ
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Ҿ˵СѾͷԵ޹ʵظСʿڨôԭǿ˼ңҪ˼ҵ
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һȥɣĸǶϹ

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ԶĹ뿴ͻȻ뿼Сʿʲô֮ĵȴһֱǶĲΪȻǽڽǰֳɫһѣôȵԼеĺأ
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Сڹٻ¸ۡ󣬺ʱֺڵɱƤɫΧȺһ壬С²̨ˡ֨ѽС죬ŭ⡰ۡĵͲ֪ܵȥˡ
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Ҷٺһ֣ؿ䣬ʮ˵ҿСӡ÷ڣָһ㣬С㼴ձѪְ֮
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Ҷ۾һУһңһ֪˶õƶĻɫʿװһѸƤ޷ֱ

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չһˣ˵˵Ů飬ӲŲỶӭءǹǾ̫ãͲˣȱСơ


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˱һƬ͡벻ѾͷȻ˱һ棬Щɫ࣬ĬĬΪԴ⵹ùĬ
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յ৵ٲδ󺺣·סҡڡơࡢɫռȫ


241 ԨԴ
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242 
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ҹͻһƽһ𺳵Ϣ˫´׷ɱƹ۵СʿҶļ۸ٵǡѪ񡱣ΪɱֺκҪ¸ߵ׷ɱĿ꣬ҲѪϰߡ
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ȵҶŷԶˣʦүһԵ˿ǰİһȶת
ҵѽСʿɲɣȴֵСһ¾͸ˣܸɳô
ǰǴ˵еĸְɣȴ󵱼ҵˡ
һСආͱе͵Ļʦүһ£˵ϻƣղСʿ˵Ļ㶼û˵󵱼ҵ֮ǲǸ˵˵طɽˮ㡢ļ紺ģϼǱѩغ̫ˣôҲһȺ˰ɣ㲻ڵʳҰɽҲܶԸģ˯ڻɽҰҲˣǵͷѪǿˣ
һආ˵ǰЩҲίʵˣݵݣҪǴ󵱼ҵģֵɢˣ˵콭ҪǺõˡȻﶼиӣҲÿ󵱼ҵô˵
ʦү̾һ飬ǵɹƭͶʵһﶼЩͶ·仧ҲǱ𽭺ģ󵱼ҵһԼôһˡ
ʵ֤ô׻ģûʦСûѧûʡûǮƣҲͶ⸱ģҪǴ󵱼ҵĻе㱾£żֵܣЩܻĶָ
Сʿ˵ļ򵥣ȥɹƭѵȺŵȥӲ
ǲ콭ˣѵĵʳҪǻ۸кü˵ǱǵطǿǮ书ӲشأŲͷãͶ·Ŷ˽ٵı˼ҲǴãŴ󵱼ҵϴȻʱжŶӵʱ򣬵һ飬ʹ졣
ڵʧ˿߻ʵԶزȭͷڻӣȴҲ·
ʦү룬ͷ˵Уȴ󵱼ҵˣҸ󵱼ҵطƱңҲеǻᣬȻҲͷѪʱ򣬵Ҳȵ˸бͷǲҪɢҪɽͷΪռɽΪ˵ǲǡ
ǻʦүмʶ˵Ŀˡ
һǹЦ˷ܲѡ
ʱǱߵĹšһ
һæְ˽ŵذѹã󵱼ҵģôõô죬󵱼ҵһˮȡ
һˮңڣȥ֣ղǲиСʿͻģ
ǰ󵱼ҵģû
󵱼ҵģ㲻Ҫ˼ұɣСʿ̫ˣȥˣ㿴Сȴϸһ¾͸ˣû˼ҴǲָǧӣǻϺüˡ
һȰ֣ͷеż˵ʦүһۣȵ𳳳󵱼ô˵˵ϻƱϾڴﵱеţͲˡ
ֺ˿ˮŻ˵ɶ𰡣Щ˻˼һֵֻĸɶʱҸɹǺ£λǸˣǰ˵Ǹڱҵĸˡ˼ҿۣǸ֣˼ңϹҾҲҪʸǰ̳
󵱼ҵġ⼸λ벻󵱼ҵʱŴǰ̡
ϻˣæѹӵϷ˻һемļ׳ɶ쵰·е㳶ͰȷֵüзƵأǰŲ
ղŸǱߵģϽҹȥøඡ

Ҷһ·ϺСػص˴񴦡
һ濩Ц
ѽǣѾͷϽôһƬˣÿ춼ǼʹΪİ
һ˶ˣԼֵܻû˰ɡ
սôҶЦʵ
ߣֵܻˣ۵ļȴѡ˰
Ŷ˭ôù
Сʦ壬ҡһƵ˵˶֣ûãҾȫ˰
ףô㣿ҶӡУʮǿҲ֮Żְôôͳأ
Ϊңһ֮һվҫŹٻƽкá
Ŷԭ˰
˹ЦԪ涼̧
治䣬ֻȷʵ˼ҵĶ֡ɹȵϽãҲž˼յģȻչ𡢻ʸ̩ǱЩ࣬ԸƹЩոչĵǣġ
棬˲ҪǵþѵȥúŬвôץסᣬϣһġ
Ԫ棬鵱лûȡʤҲ󣬱ϾѡֶǺǰǰƹ۵ĵӣ͹ʮˣΪ˳ڣոս˺ڵ֡˶ǿŽʤ˱ģƴΪЩͱ̭һˡ
ȴδĵӣһҺģкںŵģںʲôµһţͶѧաʲôµһš֮Ľк
һͷˮҪȥٿȻһƹ۵Ӵ߳˽ȴʦֵͽܡСϲƸ»ٷ֮һСֶƷᣬһµСʦ壬Сʦ壬ˣһӷĵѰˣ˵ʲôˣָյҪ˵ʦѧյģ


247 ô
ҰʦѧգҶһЦõı飬ʺţȷ˲¡ƹ۵鷳ô
Ҷʵ󲻵ԭ֮еսûзһأȻһһӣһӰʦѧյġ
Ʒό˵治鷳ģҲ湻鷳ˣ˶Ǵ࣬ţ˹ʦǹˡڻſڰ̯ؿʯء
һȻЦ
TMDǰʦأǹأTMDһף̫˼ˣҵȥԴһ߸ߣֱӴ˳ȥ
ϽúҲ콿Цų˳ȥ
ߵܣȺϼţȳȥ̩һˣ˺˾⡣
ؿʯ
ôƵ£һܸɳİ
ҶͻȻһֲ̫õԤС
սսظ˳ȥһƿȫˣ϶վˣȺȵش֣źãٿǰ
ݶ׵ģ̽ģ»ġһˣӣݣǴû̵·ǹһ˻˭㿴ǻʦү׻ôϣһ鲻֪ʯ壬ѹؿڵĹǱݾؿʯ
ɡ

һȥؿϵĴʯ飬һƬĽк֮
ҶԴӵʱǾ˵һѪʹˣһȣTMDס֣
ѽʦˣϽʦͷ
ʦүһ󺰣ЩϷӳԱͣһΧҶǰһؿͷͽʦ밲
һƬк֮ҶȦˣͷһԼʦǱߣʦ½һ˫۵ɵԲüëֱһɷ˼ԲСҪЩ˵ͽܣҾҪÿ
ʦֶŭɽҡضͬСɰ
Ҷ۾һᣬŭգձ졭˭ʦʲôʱӦǵͽˣ
ʦʦǹһϥоʹ˹һС˾ͰסҶСȡ
ʦˣΪͽɣǿǴԶݱһ·ϰרΪ˰˼Ϊʦİ
ҿֻҲ˵ó㲻ǵвμӡᡯôҶȣȴû
Ƕģˮƽбǡ޼ɵʺݶ˸ǾΪ˰Ϊʦˡִǰ£ȱøˡ
һȥ˵˵ݶûȥ֪֣Ҷһ˵һȣ޹ΧȺʼȻЦ
ⳡһӵɷϱס˴һ˵ʲôҲߡ
ҶˣһһظҶŴñӣ֪֪ʦĴǸ˵еġݺ޵֣ǬһСɡҶ˵Ĳôʹˣ˵ϺϵʦŶµһʦţԲǳΪ˵ģԸƣԸϴĸ棬ͽɡ
ܵȺһ⻰ʱؾ
˵ôԭƹݾԶ˰ǹªžȻû˵
ǲİôأ
ʲôûǴ󺺵Ŀô౱ĿǼģΪԶˣǾȻǴݹģԶĹҪΪ˰ʦд
ôû˵
˵ªأݺ޵֣ǬһСɡţҪϹͷţ
ûûƹ۵СʿһͻȻðͷֻպһɡ
֪ʲôƹǿǵɵ֪ǿǵа塮ʮɡĳɣʵǿأʮɡûǲ㱻Ǹ˷ඡ
İǺأ
ȻǱ˼Ͷܣ˼Ҹ¡ⶼ˵͢ϡ永֣չõĴϻһѡѩıԴءǼٲ˵ġ
ԭ¶İ
ǿɲ
ϣ湻ϧġԭƹô
㿴أǼСʿĽǸǵģʮһʤа
ִϣǶƾʵݵ֤һ٣ƿЦĲҲʵˡ
һʱ֮䣬ƹ۵Ѹ򡰸ߡȫƹ۵һ֮һԶΡᡱƹ۵˲ڽ𣬸Ҷ˰ٱ
ƹ۵ЩУһصǣ·˿ҫԼɵһ㣬Ÿղɫ½Ǹ΢Ц
½룺ǸåһĴӣڲòƲ̫TMDܺˡ
Ϊⳡ˶֯ߡߺͲˣҶ͹һȻ˲ĵĶڹȺڵͳ̣ǲ꣬˺޸ϵĲٵ¡
յģҷſ
ҲţʦΪͽһʽģҲſ
ҶĵȰ磬Ҳͽұ˰ʦȥòã
ᶨ˵ãϴ˼б£壬ϵ۾Ƶأһ۾ܿһ˵ĺû⹦û˱ǿƹ񡯺ͨÿվ

Ⱥһľ
ƹ񡱺ͨһ˫С۾ǡµһۡʲôߣ۾һ֪Ǽ٣ǺǻԺͨиºţСۺᡱ
λү۾Сʿˣ
ҶһӵϸëţԽԽ˰УҵøϽ˦Ȼڲģָ˵ʲô֮ͥµĻһȥŪáʮˡ
˦Ҷĵһݣһ˦㡭
Ҷ̧ߣǹ鹷ƤҩһҶĽϣϽ棬ҧ˾ˣ˦˦
Ҷһݣֱһŵȣһ˦ץסֱӱӰţŹƿΧ۵Ⱥ˫ۣ˸ʡ
ȵҶеˣһ
λ󵱼ҵģëĴҲɢˣԴϵСҲûˣͷɢң΢һͷһ裬¶һͭΪ˦ʱ̫ãͭɫɫɫе㷭ˣ첲͸ǸһزסҶСȣ˵ʲôҲſ
Ҷʱͱˡ
ŹҰһСʦҿɽţղͽܰ
һתʵֻҪҲͽܣɶӦ
ҲҳϱĹϵ书֮Ķû⣬ƼѡҶ˳ԴۣһʱҲûעԷĻлͷʹӦ


248 ո
ҲҪѧҾҪӦһ¡
ʲô¶УͱҳϹϵС
ǺãֻҪӦĽУ
Уȥɽׯ˵ղӮңԶ˳˰ɣҶʱɶ뷨ûУŰôƤҩ
øıֻҪӦϡҲǳĽС
ʲô߰ģϲϵģҶԺˣôҪֲ˵ʲôϵͺá
УҴӦ㡪Ҷţ±˵ͷˡ
ܵȺٿȻžؿųǣƺʲôԼ
ǳϡҲղŵǳˣ
˿Ҷ
ԣҳˣ
ǻΪģڣ
ҶƣžžžΪˣڣ
Ͻ֣Ͻ߰ɡҶɵһҹȥôţأ˵͵ˣӮҵģУֻҪϽҹԶУ
ϡ
ſ˫֣¹ڣͨһҶǰҶŵñߣ˵Ҫʲô۶ӣ
ɵϣܶһݡ
ˣͷֱĵϡ
֮£˶ɵˣ
Ҷ̽ʵλ磬㣬ղ˵ʲôʲô
ڵһ֣˵ݵϲϣҵӡ
ŷŷƨҶֱûôı£ôӣǿɶ˵ˣֻҪʲô͵ߣҡ
һߵף˵ô£ɵˣʱ˶ģֻҪûӮˣҪǲˣҾӡԲԣ⻰϶ͬ⡮ҲˡˣҲʲôǸղ»ƴﶼˣǲˣܲˣҸɵҾɶӡ
䡭
ȺǺȻЦҶ;ƤͣĲϣ˵ʱô˵ô
ùشԱ߾ǿֲ´զ˵ˣ˵ˣʱʱǲ˶ˡ
Ҷһ֮飬֮λˣ˲ͬ⣬ܼиĸ֪Т˳ȴҵТ˳ģˣȥ
ûУûˣˡǰӣһΰӱѩˣڶΰҼؼˣ֮أǵΡ˵Ҹ񣬸һĶܷơߴˡ
δˣ㻹񣿡
һ޹˵˵ˣǵ̫ܲסôĸԲ֣ҪӲģʱûףǽٺ˰ɣˣܽĵôϣֱϡ䡮ֱϡǸٺⲻӦ˹ʦô
˵ˣɵ֣ٿңⱲӰ˳ҵͷǰȻܸϴТգҲõҵϵļҵײǡֻΪТ˳ϵĸɵܵһëǮŲ
ΧȺЦȥʮ
һ䡮ŪҶĵһɵϸʵĸĸģ
һϵ˵ŵŵ̫ʦ塭
ΧȺʧЦûĻˣ˵ں
ɽţʮɡΪһͥڡʮɡԡŵһءƣȻСʮɡ֮ٲ뽭£볯͢ûȣÿʵԲΪʦƺţ˵ǻʸĹʦרҵÿŵǵĹʦܳ͢Ϊ͢Ƶҩħִơࡱƹ۲ƶֵвʿΪٵȨŵʿټǽǳ͢ĹԱλ磬Ϊ⡣
ŵˣλ֮͢һ뻯Ƕʮĸˣ˵̫ʦ壬ǻġ˰
Ǳţġֱü۵˵ȴһЦͷ߶˵ٵţ˵ĵˣTMDаš
Ҷɫ෸ϣﷺڣûǸȥȷ˵˵ĻǼ٣ʱ˵ܵȺˣֵܼҲЦ˵ϽúЦðϰֱۣЦˡ
ҶҸܸԼͷٿʦ㻹ʦ֣Ƕ˵ˣЦ޹˼ɣûһ˿Сʦܡѵ˼ЦĴʦҲҡͷЦһĪӡ
ã˭û¸˼ʲôΪģϱûأʮ߰˵ĴСӾ˸ʮüĸɶӣһס
ԴŶǰƲסЦҶһ¼˵˰ߵܣѵ˼һƬ⣬ָ˼һΪģôӲˣ˰ɡҶɱ˵Ŀ⣬ԴȥŪӵĹ˵ֶӣүү
үϣֶͷˡ
ү
ү
Ĵү

ҶŭȺ쵰Ŵʲô֡
̡̺
ϣλү衢ǡֶǿͷߵˡ
˵аɶӾ͸ʵˡ
Ҷᣬӱ
ҴӱӸˣ̫TMDǸˡ
ĺЦУҶĹˣȴѰһο壬ͻȻڤڤһĶϬ͵ߴһߵϣһһϮ£ɵľɫͬѩа÷һһɱɣһ׳ЦӯӯؿԼ
δ÷ѩ
ҶʱͿóˣһůȻըоԼͷķ£Ȼ˸һɶֻʣ˿ĺϧ֮⡭
Ҷʧ˵ע⣬˳۹⿴ʱ򣬵һܲסľǹǸ
ѽѽŮŮ·˰Ͻһͣⲻΰ
ž
һ죬ֱ㶵ؿŸԼһ͵Ҷʱ͸ˡ
ҶָűӾһٳ˶ӣʲôô塢ү㶼йˣڿˣϿǰͷ
ɡɡ
ֱüۣ˸ĿɿڴһĴָͭһķ˷ܵĶðˣ˵ѽɵҲ̫ˡ
ٷϻˡ
ҶһߣǰɳԶоͰں¹ƣϣɶӸͷˡ


249 ѩ
һâǰĹʱ͸˱֮ڣڵϸϴ򻬵ıһתܣ÷ѩӯӯ䣬˱Ĺûе÷ѩĸǰͣ¡
ĹȻסӵתһʶġ
÷ѩ俴һ۱һĹ˵Ժ͹ܺͷȻĻҾСһһذô
ǳ˱ˣ亹Ҳ৵һˣգգ۾ʾ
˶͸֪Էû˵Ϲġ
ף̺򰡡˵ԺڣҲҸﵱңҸɵҸģҪ쿪ඣƨԺһҪĺáƽӣĲ̺ǸﲻɳӣǿɵŮӣŪУŪҸ
÷ѩĳְӹĶתһ߳߳Ⱥ֮ǰҶһקס÷ѩ裬תܡ
һغصѡ
һС죬ŵ׷ߵϽã˭˭Ů㶼һˣһΪƯľǽءҶûŵϱô
һţСǹһİȰȰ˵ҶӴĿɹƭɩӣƯÿμҪء
ɹƭϱ۾Եľ⣬СʿøϿ˵˵ô¡
Ѿͷߴߴ˵˵£֪֪ĵطȫŮµһİϸֲ˸ʵ
ɢ˰ɣɢˡԴ޺ӬһؽΧ۵Ⱥɢ
ǼˣԴһס˻ʦүˣǰĢֶٰ́طʰɾȻߺšүϵĴֶӾȹоôǡ
ϣүϵġ
ʦүҾǿͷģѸԴЦǰϡ
ϣߡ棬һס绨ŴĴָĿİͰ͵˵ֶ֪УûжӣҪҪеĻʮ굱үү棬TMDһ

ϱ´ҲŪϣǶ٣Ҽ˭㶼ûɫҶۡ
÷ѩЦصͷӦԷСǼΪȴŮ˴аȫУΪôԭ򣬾ǶԷԼ˱ںǻţůġ
һڣһ˵Ļ԰Ҷһ÷ѩĴ۾ϲʵѩҼǵҲμӡᡯİɣôôǸϲϱˡ
÷ѩЦЦ˵ҲΪ˱ġ
Ҷ۾һô˵ҵˣǲ˰
÷ѩϽһƬߵ˵ЩᱡľͲˡ
ҶһƲ죬ίǺðɣ仨ˮˮ仨
÷ѩǿЦֱ˵һ䣺Ϊʦ֣
Ҷʦ֣ҶٿȻһЦ⡣
÷ѩҲɫתݵҵˣţҵ˾˾ˣ׼˱²ġǡʦֵļȻ˶ֽţѧħڼַΪħ񡿣ʦԴһϸ˺ë룬סʶһƬ䣬ûа취ǿӲȡĻԺܵӰ죬Ҳǲзϣ˱ɷӡ
Ҷһ˵ҶʦΪִ֣Ǽȡô
÷ѩ˵ͷ˵ʱɡǡҶΪȡ룬̽չӦú˳
ӦãҶеע⵽ʡ
÷ѩ˵ͷ͵̫ΣգԳˣ˶ҶС¥
Ҷɻص˵ͷȻҶӦܵõʱȷе龰ѵҶһ˿̫õԤС
÷ѩ˵ʱ֮ͻȻһ죬ǽȥʱ򣬡ǡҶ˻ԣĶʦ֡ȴȻټҶϣֻ߬ţë롭
Ҷߵ÷ѩǰűָˡϸ˺Ĺϸ룬ͷ˿ҪϸȻһֱڶʦֵԴ
ǻҶʦַˡħɱˡǡҶôҶüͷʵ
÷ѩҡҡͷû˸ôȷҵı仯Ƕ֪ʲô飬Ҳ˵ҲǡҪҶ֮ȷĴ𸴡ֻҪҶһʱԴˡ
Ϊʲô
Ҷʶܵ˼𵴣˻ԣϵƣˣǰĪȥֻǰҶĵӶɢʯȥæˡʦ֣ѾȴȻҲټǸ
ⲻǵĴ̫ˣΪǼɵ飬Ȼʱ²⵽ʲô飬ǰһõĵط룬ȴû׼Ҷ̾һüǡ
ٺ٣ȻˣͲҪϻȥˣȥòãЩҾ˺ö飬û˷ءȰ鴦һºòã
÷ѩص˵ͷ
Ҷһ˸ͷ÷ѩĳ˷쳣ԼĿġ

ʲôʦܲˣΪʦֵ½͵վɫ粻
ʱѾصס
Ƕǰ£ʦʵ
÷ѩ˵ҵ졭ǰ
˲ɵÿ÷ѩһۣʱ䵽ֻһ·ͣ㣬˲Ϣİɡ
Ȼ˵˶÷ѩĸмǷĵġ
Ҹʦȥһˣｻʦܺʦˡ
ʦ֣ҲҪȥʯ
УһҪˣʦҲܽһ£ֿ˷սһ㸺𣬰ı䣬µĵ֪κεϢ
ʯҶ
²˳٣Ǽ·ߵãſµӰɣظ·ҲΪ࣬ε飬ʦֻ󶨵л
ֱӱ˳Ϊߵã÷ѩϺһ죬⽿ߵģۡ
ôˣȥѵǽнҷԸһ¾ߡ
Ҷһ÷ѩǴʦַԸɣҴѩȥϢ
½һ֣Ҷ÷ʩ˳

ɫƳϡ
Ҷǣ÷ѩڻ԰ЩӵҶ޾ϸ˵˸ȫ÷ѩĲšҶ˵£Ǹֻ̾δʱ÷ѩڲֳܱĬЩȵ˵ҶɱһǴ˵еıˮԣĽǼΪӲȾżƤҲ󣬿ɷƷµ˺ΪľֻˣҶλаĽǡƤԼһͬأ
ҶһЦ˵׼ˣ͸Ҽѩϡ


250 
÷ѩҶΪ׼֮ٿȻʥĹԣʹ˲кð֮⣬Բλࡣ
Ҷĵس˽ŮӾȻԼδӣܲ鼤ҫ
ҶΪ÷ѩ׼ﵱȻˮԡԽǺͺ鱣ԭ鱻Ҷ鱦ˣ˿׽ϸ˿ɵرһöס飬͸ԣӣȿԹڲϣֿԹ䣬һΪƷʮ׳ĺƤҶ뽳һ˫Ƥİѥһ쳣Ҷǰʱ־ʱļΪݻ˵ӣģԾлʱͳ˵ķˡ
໹ʣ߰׳ƤһƤȹ֪÷ѩľΣû֣ż÷ѩжء
Ե÷ѩƳɵƷٿƤƳƤѥ֮һ˫Ĵ۾ɢ˾ĶǵĹâ
ŮˣǰǽȻϲƯĶȻĴԶǶһģҪĸŮ˵ԼϲƯĶǲһΥȻɣΥԭ̬ģԳ֮Ϊ̬
鱦Ư·۷ŹģŮˣǰչʵңǲӦñУӦñء
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Ů˵˼ԽԽ򵥣˾ԽҸǡŮ޲űǵ¡塣
ҶԱߣЦӯӯؿ÷ѩھǰ߱ȥ˿ľŮı֡
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÷ѩϲ̵رȥ󿴵ҶһֱעԼɵò˼ʵҿھͰǴô
Ҷ˵ͷ÷ѩǿĲѡ
ˣո˵ƹҹˣ÷ѩһ߻һʵ
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һ͵ڶʮλﾹȻμӹֱ䣿
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ⳡĿʲôΪʲô֯£˭б½ȫ߶ټһҶѯʡ
֪Ҳƹ֪顭
Ҷһ룬ֲǸȻ˵ѡŵĶ󲢲书ãҪǣһҲۺϵʣǷذɡ
һ£ҶȻһЦ˵ˣȥҲҽǰѡҲ˵Զȥвô
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㣬Ǻð¡
չ˵˵͸ԼµĴֶһŶԺ˾סĴԺԱߡ
ˣԭסĽһķʮͲ̣ϵ·ݴһˣӺһӭȢӵӭ׶鷽Ŵһ·Զʮˣ¾ûһƽʱŵҪǺԴϰһʯҶǧӣһ˹֮ûУʵؿʯ
ɶҶǾþйƣҲ˴ͭһɫӺ촽㳦ƵأһӣԴϻ˶С
ҶԽԽģȥһ޶û˯á
̭֮ѹһˣճҲԽԽ죬תۼ䣬һµʱȥˡ
Ԥ׶εʮ̭ȫʮǿˡ
ʱԭȶѾЩȴƹۣٴγΪ˲ʿĿ
ʮߣа˸ƹ۵ĵӣȻҲҶռȫѡֵķ֮һ
лдﲻ֪Ϊʮ˸ѡֵУ߸Ҷ֣ǰֵܣҪ֪ЩƹΪĵʵͻĹעˡ
ʣµıȫ̭ƣǩ֣ÿǩ˶̶ҲͷֹνĻΡ
ҶһϵǾկֵܵе
Ǹˣ·رıǺɫģҵͷ°ֻͣһʱ̱Լʺ˵ΪͷͬһԼ
˾׶Σÿ˶Լרˣ֮ǰıΪһ㼶ĸ֣ԿԼıҾ׶Σÿרŵĸ㻤ڲ࣬Ƕĸ֣Ӧͻ㹻Ӧ
һֵǰקסǰֵܵű׶һһͷǱʹԸıһܿһľ͹䣻Զ룬ԽԶԽ򡭡
Ųеһ£ҶС佣ǺһУӭͳ˹ȥԷȻϲҶһ־Ӳ̽ĹûУקһݡ
ˡ
һ죬ű׶ֱҶʺ


251 սʤ
ԭű׶ļͷһָͬ£Բ׶ת֮ʱص죬ͬԵͷһ㣬׶Ҷʺ
Ҷ΢΢һЦҲмܣ͵Ӱһ֣貨΢ʩչǰӰأ֪桢Ǽ١
һ¶һ˿׾Ц
к˴¥Ҷ꽻ֵʱ򣬾һоṦܹķҼʶҶһṦֵܣȻпҶʱ䣬ṦʱοƣʱҶôṦϮаЦ˼ȶķ
֡׶һٿȻأһһͷġ׶ֳԭ⡰׶һһ׶һ׶ͷʽͷ׶һһ˲ΧγһɵĻǽƣ죬ӾȻֻһƴ
ҶЦֵĻҶа취ƣẦ
ҶһݳԼٶȵԷ壬Ҷġ佣ɱγɵĻֵʱͷ͵һ֧׶׵ͷҶδüƿֵʱ򣬳͵ſָͬ£׵ͷͬһչһĵλһ׶ݡʱɳڹ⣬ҶٷȻ⡰׶ла
ͬһʱ䣬Ǹ׺Ҷ׶ҲҶŵƤ͵Ϯ׶ͬȻ˼ľһ㣬Ϊ졣
һעһ͵ϮĹʽҲסˣȴסߡĦڭ޹Ҷ
ҶһǳЦһ棬Ծߣ֡佣Ϊһɫ޺磬ٿȻڹ£
ڹҶȥŵƤġ׶εض˵ϡ
һ֮£̾⡣
Īע£Ҷĳٴγֱ룬δüӦȻԷĳѾƿԼľࡣ
ֵܣá
ҶǳЦƵᣬС佣ͷһ㼴ֹǺһʣһԺˣһ㲻͵Ϯһ㣬ݴȣۡ
СñԸҶǿʵǫѷ̬ǰǳĺмΪƽͣһʱȻδʧǼζ飬û˶󶯸λҪ֪ƽʱҪǿԸ񣬱ֵͬǬҲò֣εķӦսǬΪԾԼҲǸеһ˿һ졣
ĵͷһ⡣
ǰСʿô
Ҳǰɡ
ҪҶ̬㹻ǫѷ㹻ӣδеʧǼܶ˵飬ҲͲزܽʧܵĽˡ
ĬĬԼġ׶·֮Լ޹ϵ
ҶһЦͻȻ˵ֵܵ似Ҷĳƽܽͷ׶ƵָʹһҶĳȡʤȴֻռ˱ıˣ֡
Ⱥһ׷͡ԭֵ֮Ļóֵܶ˶¶һֵ֮ɫ˴ԭҲ֪ûлȡ޼ɵȴֵ¶¶ʱȻҶԷѽӸ˸ʮ㣬Ȼж䲢޶УպҶ߸ͽһٶֵܿ¸ǻɣ˵һܱèҪӡ
˵ĸʱô֣Ҫʲôǲ࣬һâžػƴڮ٣һһʵһ࣬ൽⱲӿܶ޷󼰵ĵزǶԿڮپͻţ˴һ͵ľҫ
ƹҶʤ
һͷǶҶάʾ˸мǲ֮ˣ֮Ҳûж˵ʲôֱĬĮ̆뿪ԼֳҲˡ
Ǭ΢ЦųҶ˹֣Ҷæֻ
ǬЦҶֽ׿壬ʱ䣬ֵܶҪҶٴֽ̡
Ȼ˵ǼۣҶԷƣҲͬЦе˵Ǳ䣬ǾԽԽãҶĳƴƣҶĳǴĻӭұ֤㵽ס
Ǭһ㶣ЦѣˣһΪ
һΪ
ˡǬһۣ׷ŵܵȥ

׶ιĸͬʱֳĴΣһʮһʱڸ㶨
ҶԼ߱ҴææȥıأͷĳУԼ֮⣬ϴ̩Ҳҿ콣ϴңǳıڴûиֶԹ̩˵Ϊá
֮⣬ƹ۵лưڤһıлưǰ϶£Ҷ֪ԼϹȥʱǷѾ˱лưڤ˵κһ涼ǶԷĶ֣Ҫʱ䣬ҪʱԼľԼĶԵолưϸŬĻҲԺܹﵽڤڵˮƽѾǺܸߵˡ
룬ҶȥлưĳؿһȻѽΧ۵ҵѻɢȥܵȥȥˡ
лưټȫޡ
һ볡ߵͷ˵Ż˿ûпߵҶ
벻ƹ۵СʿȻԷһӲֱܡƹҲǰ˰Ϊһҵıأɨˣ
˭˵ǰһУһУӦһĶûôеģ˸̨ҿƹҲ廨ͷһһĶ֣¶ˡ
ҶòɵһӣȺϲת죬ôΪƹ۵ʧԭˣ˿֮ǰƹɱľˡ
ȻлưᵽǱȥˣҶҲû룬лưֵӣӦò·̫õġ
ҶΪ˽лưȴ竴ٵǺ޳а֮ˣϽĳӶͨˣʳذϽĵͼ˸죬֮ǿɼһߡ
ֻǴʱҶиΪĵ£Ҳû̫⣬ּҴҵر̩ıء
ԶԶؾ˻׶죬Ҳһ۾ͿԼһֵŮӵӰ÷ѩѵûһΣҶӲǱϽø̩ıˡ
ҶӸ϶ǻӮģҲû˼һΪͰɣ
ٻô˵ġ
һϲ˽Ӵ÷ѩȻͬˡ
Ҷ֪÷ѩ𽥽ܺӦԼߵȦĿģҲֻԼøʺͿһ㡣һθڰ˺֮ȡᣬһΪʹ£Ҳ˶Ϊ˰ԼԭͰãʱˣ鲻ʼʱôŨˣֵǿԵȡᣬͻһѺۣ˵ĸм䡣


252 Ϊʤ
Ҷ˴кĬĬߵ÷ѩߣһЦһʤĸо
ϵıȶ˰ȻĽ׶Σÿ˶鼤쳣
̩еµһƬ⣬ҵĹһ֮⣬һ֮ڵȫԿ⡣
Ѵ󵶻ûпоͱǿĵǳԤ֮⣬߲̩ҪĻǱơ
̩µ̬ͣȳ棬Ȼûйصү׵ΰˣϡһһս·һ㣬һƷǷ
䳡Ͽ̩ռƣұƣڱ󣬵ֻǱʵϣ΢е˶̩Ȼֳأѹң࣬Ʋ㣬ȫرҲ޷ұƵأһֱڳһΣǱʵûжв̩ȫ;Լ޵ôϣȵ̩һϵĶǰеĶ̽ڼ̵ʱڣȡʤʤ
ת۵㣬ǿ̩Ķá
Ҷһߵչ𣬳ʵ磬ϴ״ֶ̬ˣ
ϳڣаʱˡ
Ҷ۳е̩аһ㣬ˣ̩Ҫľʱˣֻ֧֣ôԶȻһӵĴ󺹡
ϴֲסˡҶһ̾
ɫ࣬Ҳɵͬص˵ͷ
ʱͺһһһɤӴҶ𣺡ɵģҴүоûء
ͻһɤӣҶһӿˮҶƮƶ˵С̱̤˹ȵס
Ҷ۾һᣬǳҹһȥҴĵһ֪ң
ŵһ˸ûȤһƲ죬ֹϣ˸ƨɣҵù
˵ʲô
һͷôελôʹأɶһƴˣ»ҵע㣬ڱ˵ֻ롭
һ̧ͷ÷ѩЦЦһ亹ͶˣæƤЦػһŵı顣
¼Ц̸ϹȻͻ䡣ӦҶжϣʱ̩֮һûˤԾ֧ı֡
һ£˶˺ˣͿȻ֧ڵϣо˫µûˤ
ͻһ£ǵһ
Ǵϲ˵٣ӣûˣҲٳˣ㲡ҪھͶְɣ
ҶදûУ̩ˤһǣһߣܹ죬ж̽һݣ̩ͳ˹
ãҪ䣡ϽþһסС졣
ΧֵҲһ֮ɫΨոջ˵̩ҪҶȴüͷһĸо
Ϊ̩ʱʵ̫ˡ
ˤˣˤƸһ㲻ͬڵأµ֧šǷ·һһбӣ۾ңһţһţ֧ŵµб£ؼʱҪһµ˵ƿ⵶Ҳ˳ƾն䡣
ʲôʱѧаȡʤߵĲ;Ǻڵϰ˵⣬һװ˹Ƿʬʱ˳ƾܷԷĲȻһ˵Ƚſϣֻµ̫󣬿¿ľͲСȣͷˡ
Ҷո뵽ЩʱҵĶ̽Ѿݵ̩ǰһᵽɤۣɤһȵү
һȣͿ̩͵һ⿸µԳڵϵΪᣬ˲һĺߣһ̿գһѴ󵶾ͺնҵḶ̌èһž࿳˹ۼ촦³ŵáѽһ˳ϵͬʱֶ̽طڴնԼ֮ǰ˾࡭
һ죬Ҳҽһֱӱ̩һȥ׶Զ˹غ«µµһ󷭹ϡһſ˵ϡ
Ҳһϡһ
Уôһû˸
ȻˣõҲ֪һңΪ̩ȿ϶԰µĴƬӵһԭն˵һҲûֻǿʹ󵶱Ȼ˵С
һҲҪҵСٶصĴ󵶱ҹʱҪж̽һ£Ҷ˶̽ǣҪǲһ£ǵҲһҽǻȥ
ǹѣ۶ܶˣһ亹ղҪǲһ㣬ԼСûˣΪֹɱСӣTMDҲز
ǿۣҵֵܹ
磬û°ɣ
һͷ䡢˳ֵܶˣȻɫ԰ףҲǿ˵ͷ˵ûд󰭣ҵ֣ǿܶˣ
ӻ쵰̫ûûˣ˵ȥ
˵СƢһ˰ʱѹסˣҪǰۣȴʾ϶סˡ
˵ˣ˱Ͼ⣬Ҫÿ䲻Ѱˣˣ߰ɡ
ֵȻ볡̩һȴǻȸԾ
úٻѾͷִЦ˷׷ǰ̩Ϊʤȡʤ
ҶĦ°ͣûȥءԱǹʱЦǰϣһɵѰ˼أǰЦôɵøɶ˵˰ɣҾ˵ҴүоûʹأһʹôӮ˰ɣ⻹СӶ죬Ҵүլʺ񣬷Ҫһ㣬Դûˡ
ҶЦЦؿŹ˵٣˵еģ
һʵѽɵҽ̸ү
ϻôһԴȱ˭
Ŷϲɣ
ʲô
ɱ䲻ôںڵ¾Ҳԣ
ҶٺһЦ˵ҪľǷֳʤ֮б䣬ɳӡͱ۾϶ֶζвأⶥضѣòŷԡʽϿԣ֮ı䣡պҪǣʿ䣬ֲסΪʦˡ
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253 ǿ
ҶųϼΪ˷ֿ̩ܵһ۴Ҵֵܷչ𣬵һЦĶڣʷ浹ǲ̫ˣξһЩССӥչ棬ҲˣõĶԷǳ𱨸˰ɡ
չȥƽʧ˳Ϊֹ̩ضǸҶһͬͬ˷Ī̩˱̨
Ҷ˵ϲʤ顪
̩˷ܵͨ죬˵ǶֶӴҵʤУΪʤǸɾ䣡лߵܺʹֶ
ҽбľУ
Ҷͷݺݵ˹һۣҲ֪ҪԼ壬˵ʲôҲŵģ⹷յţˣЩСǳ
ͷúúýѵ˵һ١
̩һֵĳȫ˻ȥ֮׼ڶֵĳͿʼˡ
һ֮ڣʮȫ˳ɣƹ۵ĵ̭һ룬ʣ½ƶʮ֮ڣĵӣȫֻܣлư˱ڤ£Ƴҿ콣϶£½ƶԼֵ绨¡
˸ջصСԺ䲻ãǸò˰˽ּˣ崺ĸоҶٶе֮ģֻΪˮ˵ɻҲҶһֿ͸ظоֱӵԭǵк˴¥ˣԼʱ򣬾Ȼ͸ԷǺֹҶûйĸо
ԷĹоϤƫƫŋ翸ⲻƺԷһĹһɴһеĹΪ֪ôԱ˵㹻أҶ˵Եôá
ûĻ죬ΪʲôҪڣ
Ҷ׽е㲻ģİн䱸Ͽһ顣
һǹȥˡ
ȵ˸Իص˷䣬ŷлưˣһ䣬ŷһ춼ûˣΪȥ￴ȥˣԶû⣬һѾ쵽ҹˣλû﷽еż
Ҷ룬ߴҲżϾôˣԼʲô£Ӧñʧ˵̼ĺƾأһܻ
԰Ȼȵҹ֮лưλƵشˣﻹһƺҶһֱû˯ԺһҶֱӹ۴ޡ
ȻԼĶڤҲˣôܱԼôࣿһ֮£ֻᶼûУֱӾ˼Ҹķˣڱ̨ˤ˸ΰءлưö˴ˣΧȺ˶ƹ۵ڮ٣֣ڱ˶ʦʱʦŶ棬Լֵİûڡں޵ǣΪʲôԼСʱ֪֪ôſʼ䣬ſʼ֪Ҫ
Сʦ壬TMDǶ˴ˣڲTMD֪ڡ˵ǲѾˣǲⱲӶû취ӮǸڤǸ˵Ƥһ£ǸƨҲüëǣTMDˣСʦ壬취ӮǸ˵
Ҷһһοı飬ͬʱһЦ˵ˣưһû䣬Ҳе㳤֪ҪʲôˡǰҴӦлʦţҪҲǿΪ˼飬ۣ˵һ;ϣû׼ҲеϢһֱŬǹŬˣһֱûиĿ֪꣬ʲôûһĽȸСںˣڤҪ򵹵Ŀˣ֪ʲôˡģȥúùھ絽ˡԪԲͻơָտɴġϼ񹦡һ¡ޱƽٶȣ֤ڲ롮Ԫ۷壬֮Ҫʮϵʱȥ̺͸׶ΣֻҪ¹һᾡ㲽죬ô
Ҷһ仰ȻǱ֤죬ڴˣһԼûˣﱣ֤˲ǼΪЦģлưȴеЦΪλСʦĻû˵ѣһ˵õõֻе˼δŵεļ
Сʦ屣ҽ죡
̫˼ˡ

Ϣڼÿ˶ʣµĶ˷ˣ߶Զ
һǿıٵʱ˷ŻȻоڶĶ֣ȴδԼֵʱô졭
ҶԴޣչ̩绨½ƶʸ̩˶ɢʯ
һսҶչ绨ʸ̩˳ѡ
ˣˮڣԶ
һ֣һֱĬĬţ˷Ŵʵĸ֣ꪽְ׵һ֣ꪹ̰֡Ĵͽܡ
ڰǿѡȫ֣֮ҲҶǿһ谭


254 ǿս
ǿѡֲ
Ҷһνʣչ𡢻ʸ̩绨СҶڰλֵУĸ˵սǿܹͬʱֵ֣ܶǴг졣
ǿеλѡǡСڡڤꪽСϳ
ֵһǣʮǿʱ򣬻ͻʸ̩˱ǿĶ֣̭֣Ȼ˷ֶԼٶȽ֮󣬶һȥƺĳȥˡ
пܶǷȥ׷Ҳ˵
ǿĳǩǰѾ׼ãȫ˸԰еʾϡ
һ
Сϳ绨У
ڶ
ڤʸ̩

ꪽҶ
ĳ
СڶСӥչ
ʣ绨Ҷ鵽ǩǸͲ֪ðĴǰǿˣȻ飬ҲǡԪ۷ľ磬޷ͱڤᲢۡ
ԱڤĻʸ̩ͶڵչȴֵЩǡ
ˣѾһߵΪܳһˣȻ׵ɵĺĵӶûвⳡᡱΪڤҺ͡һɽׯһĸ֣Դǿӵˮƽг
ԣ˶ԱʤǣĻʸ̩չˣȴǴΪ죬˷Ī
һᣬΪĿĽ㣬Ϊδδ֪е־廹Ϊӭսе˷ܣҸǣҺ˷ܡչ۷ǰδеĺսâ˷ӥڣܺãҲһ䣬ҾηսҵֵûСηսֻ֣Сӭս
ʸ̩ͬ˫ĿŹ⣬͵һȭͷȭͷϽɫһĹâһţÿһ𶯡
һµʱڣҵġշħͨѾСˣһŰԵĹҪһ֪ҡշħͨΣ
ԭЩĻʸ̩ˡշħ֮ͨ𽥱ðԵ룬ʱŵĻĿֲ˲ɵö뱱ڤһսڴ
ǿһ磬ɽׯ˾ڱ䳡ر㰸˹Ʒţȫ쾴أʾ¡ء
ԡһΤЦΪ׵ǣһһǰ㵻棬һŪģؾأȻд˼ģռġ
һŪʱ
˶ǵȵòͷ졣
ʱһˣһ죬ʮʱٽһϾҪʼˣ
ãˣֵƬ̣ȥȥͻأ绨һվԼˮĥһϵͭһ졣
ٳˣֵͬȥ̩һµվȵ
ܲƴڻĹҲվզԣԶԣҴү˵̫ˣүֵ˶࣬ȥĲ˵һһɤӣҲܰСſ£
˺ȻЦ
Դû´ţƤĴֶӣЦʱ䵹Ǳࡣ
绨ˮĥȸոձȥԶͻȻһͷ˻һ
ô壬ôˣ
绨ɵӺף˵ֱֱҶˡ
λֵܵɵźȻЦ
չָ绨㹷յϳӣϡ࣬TMDôͰ
ûûƣûû⣬绨Ųӻ
Ͻϳɣء̩ĵ䣬⣬Ա̡̲
ӣûû绨ü˵
˶һΣʱĸŪԵȥ
һȰ绨ҲûעһˣƨĹ򣬾һߴ˹үԺ򣬾ˣ
˴һͷһֻǹһһ̳ӣһּһ˶ţͷѾӳ˹߻ɽׯĵںû׷һͨ졢ĸֱǰǸվסȱ´ð̵ģTMDѼĹƷ͵ˣõôУ
һɵˣôʲô¶Ҹɣţͷѵ֮ǰڹϼֻţͷô㵨̫ˣ̨ôǰڣ͸Ұţͷ
˻ûӦߵ绨һЦɵúôֶӣͷү㣬Ѿⶪ

һ죬ֱ绨ж
壬֣ǹƷչĴ绨ɽĺƨûУշһһţͷһ̳Ͼƾ͵ˣĿ̳⣬ͷһŭȻץֵţͷһڡ
μѡȫļƷҪĿɾֶˡ
绨һھƣһ⣬˺ҧͬɽ֮һЦһʨӺ
ڵС绨ү
ļλֵһ¡
绨п֨ȣһţͷһ־̳ӣɷһؾͳų̋˹ȥ
չæֺȵ壬㣬ѡ
ʲôѲѣ绨ǸǰΨһһһʤģ绨С
ٽصˮĥȣһ죬΢һģֱӸɳȥ
绨Ψһһ΢һģһ½ƶһȲ½ƶ֮䣬Ȼһƣ½ƶֱӷɳȥʮףṦ΢һ㣬ûˤзϡ
ԴӲ绨ûһſɱĶȫԼĶ֣һжӲԼһû˷йĵط绨۾ͨ졣
ξ㷹֮󣬶Ҫ˺úôսٻغϡ
绨س˳ȥ缸ҲסֻҪѸٸϡ
Ҷ𣬺ȵҸ磬磬鷳ɽׯߵ鷳ɡ
չЦҡͷãƨɵ¶Ҹɣ
ٺЦүģ߲ô
ҹûţͷҰԴƷϡ

ڴʱ䳡ϵվĿ̬ڡ
һ°׶ӵļʿ糺ɫĶӲִ׺Ӣ멣һѾֺ񱳺⵶б󣬺ɫӭƮչϴǣ´ͷ˳еݡ
˸绨˱̨ԶԶľѾ̨ġСϳʱ˿ǲŴĴһá
ʱͨѹȥʱۿ֮ͨ󣬱Ҫʼδߣͬ
ʱΪֵ绨лδӰĵ׵ʱ˱ǰƽΧսȴȵе㲻ͷˡ
۷׷ף²绨ǲηսʱ򣬾Զµһʨ
ڵС绨ү


255 ɮս
պϵ۾͵һðεضסԶֵǸС
绨һɤӣأȺû׼ģŶһ죬㱻Թӣ䳡˵Ĳ̨ϣȺһƬ֮Χڱ̨ܵ߸ǲ㵹һƬǹ̨ϵʮλҲ𾪵ؿķ㣬һƿ񱩵˼ĴС
׿⣬绨УֱУѸ͵س˹һһţͷһһ̳ӣܱߺȣߺȱ߳ԣҧţͷϵĹͷǸֱ죬Ӳţͷ绨е£ͬһִࡣ
绨гԶǹ׵ģһСʱ󣬵ҰʳԶʱѾϰԵؽܣʱֿ̱ŵƣ䱸Ⱥᣬڵģû˲µģ˺ҧţͷĶͬһĹһŵΧ߻æ˱ܣ˭Ҫɮͷǰǲˡ
ЫһʱҲĿɿڴεΪ֮޲
̨ϣλɮȵػһۣǱĿʲһţĬʮ顣绨Ϊˣ⣬Ȼںڿ㣣ɷ˷ɣλѧʦΪȴ޿κΣֻõͷ
˼˴ʱ绨ǿȡһС
ʥչɡһ֣Ҵе˭
֪ģǴµλɮ˶뿪ڣԸ˵ɵ绨УԱߵһƽһ֣˵λ֪⡮ɽׯһֵó顭
ɡһͺԴʵŶǺ˸ˣ
һƽһָ¼ˣ˵Ǳ㼸λСѵʵĳĲѣֵó졭
һԵġ̫ꡱ콡һ˵ЩûϹ̨Сݣʲôֵҵģ
һƽһЦҲ콡̣˵νİ˱㶼̨£˽ǿ֮Уǰб֮һ˵ΪС־Բ
εĲʥչʵ
İ˸ֵУ֮˫ţСӥչ۷ɵĶӣеӵĻӣСҽɡҶĸͽСʥ޼״ӣоϴɵСеꡮɡ֣жǰħ˵Ψһˡ˵ϣİ˸Сֵֵ֣Щϼһеأ
ϴ˻棿Ƿ˵ЩѾʼأòֺġɽһ˵Ǵ󾪡
ϲŪɣʵ۵Ķ뷴Ķӽݳ˵֣ǲ̫أ̫ꡱ콡ץ©ΪѾ֣һƽ˵ļˣƺĦ롱Щڣǵ׼ԸЩˣʱõһ鱨ò콡һЩ
һƽЦ˵ôд֮ʱϷΪ֤ΤүҲ֪£Ҳ֤
ΤЦ΢Цͷ
Ϊչ𵱳νӥۡΤЦ۴ǣΤЦչ۷ɺʹ˴εչ𣬴ΪĽάְӽĺûᣬô᲻æء
˵ģǰʲô˵ıأ
ʲôǺǣ˵Ҹǻһġǵꡮ޺ʦΨһ״ӣСԵδؽߣ绨С
ٿȻͣǰĳ׿ʿ֮ħ࣬ΪױƵһʦͽܣ
ôܣʦô
ܣ콡ҵʦˣôܻͽܣ
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һȵؿŴµλɮѯζԡ
˻һۣ˵˲ڿ绨ʦֶȷʦֵٴӣҲΨһһӡ
˻ȻȻѵ˵ħġ޺ɶ񹦡ֻǰô

绨мϵ̨ǰһԾ̨һЦţͷһ˦ȡ˼Ҹµˮĥȣһƣ¡һҽ°׶Ƥһʯı̨˼
绨˫־ֵľ̳һһʹ죬һۣһЦѾ̳һݣȵ޾ƣһڡ
绨ڼˮ¶ǣȻ˵İˡ
ǿ򶨣һЦ˵˾УʦԱ㡣
ߣǡ
ɫ䣬绨ǽ̳֮ƣȻ£Ҳжپǰϣ̳һգ绨̳һӣһһƬңҲ֪ĸùļһ
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ǵһ֪Ҫ壬Ǵܹ쵽ġ
һֱʵ׼αһˣڿǿʱսĶʱ˶ȡ޼ɵϣ⽫ԼٽһΪպ׼ʱǰĴУԭģȻһ˲㣬һζԼжϲ˻ɡ
һαĺӧУȵʦʱ롪
ԱߵĲлæ˵λԺ
µĸҹ绨һȣˮĥһȣǲͬ紵Ҷһһ±绨е÷ɳ˳⡣
ͨ˫۵绨˳һٽȣƽԲ˾ͳ˹δһɶϮǰͷ͵ش
Ӳ棬ٿȻˣ绨һϮգݺʯ֮ϣȻУʯ籬ɢ̳һʱǰһƬģ壬纣Х𡭡
üͷ巭ˣʵ벻˱о˿Ҳѣ˲ý֣ԽƾеľֻҪһԼѵòסˣ͵ñķɣûˣ̾Ͳôˡ
аޣ²ͣ˫ֳźӧں˵ͬʱৣɫĵն̳֮С
𡪡
һŭߡ˵ɫĵһʨӺɢ绨̳Ƴͬбžһն£ٴμٺˣ绨ЦͬʱϺһ֣һ˶ĽâһӶƶԶɫʮνɫӦƶɣббն˲㵽ǰٶȴˡ


256 绨ʤ
绨һлȫʱǾʽ̫ˣȻвܹն˾޴ն
ֵǾ׶ҶҲ͵һȭСŵطеġ˺ѵء绨õ¯࣬һҲ绨ֻڲµʱڷѧϰɵģҲ绨ѧܹõȫλֻҪ似Ϥ֮󣬻Ѿǵҵˮƽˡ
ʱ绨еЩʮڿʼˡҲôµЩǳԳԾ֪ϻһ׷ŵľѧԸµһšͥˡ
˶ĵâ̵ǰâһֺӧѹڵ֮ϣ͵صסĽɫâȳһʹصʵ䣬·ٿȻɢ¶ʵϼΪ׳
ڽâ֮У˫ѹĺӧ͵ͬʱбһշǵǿĵâȻƫ룬þڵâϮ֮ǰı˵âĹնգվȣǵâȴͣسȺնȥ

¿Ǵ²â֮£ۼҪдӦʱ䶼ֻܱ۾
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һһױ³֣С㵶âӨ׽ббնϣȺǰײһ𣬽ɫâٿȻͣУһ졭
쳣֮ʱֵ˾Ȼһ׿Ȼڣע⵽ڳֵģȫֻˣһɮ㣬һȺص徰룬һǽǶöڵҶ
ڴ绨⾪һâ˲䣬λС񡱱Ѿ׼ҲΪǸܹⱬһһ֣վԵ̴ӱ㽫ڻıϣͷҲأ·֪ںηһ˳һ鱦ǰһ˦ǺһʣȻ֮ǰ˫ֵƣ·ղŵһ޸ϵһ㡣
ֻһ˦ǵ͵ĽѾٳ˽ɫâĸǰصס˵âѪ

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ڴУǵâ͵һһ֮£ӲɫĽƺԶеʿһһ£ſһء
׽ֵסˣҿܡ
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õġһɽׯµһĽͽֶܼȻһ֮µĽԷĵɢֱЦ󷽵ʧ
ѵõġС񡱾ֻôȻԷâǿζֱСѧûҵˮƽһ
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ĳҡɽڴˣλûţϷ
šɽĵڽͻȻֵΣ⿪ƿ֮𣬡ʥչɡꡢǹ׵ǰͬɽԾ˱̨ıߣס˱̨鷢
ˣΧܵҲŵóͷĴ󺹣æɢ׼ԶһЩ꼰㣬С
ϵıѾҶ˿עˣ绨ƼΪԣȴдĸоȴʤԳʺͷӦһһǿܷӳ˳ʵȻв绨ʤ
Ҷ˿˼ģǸղʱӡ󣬲ҶһԵĽˮҲʱؿ˹һӣ׶Է˿֮ȻõǸ̩ͬĹǵħ̵ġ
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ٴοһɫ԰׵ڣλүװøûһĵѾ绨˰ɡ
ʱ̨ϵ绨Ѿħȷȫʩչ̨ѾȷĿ֣֮ĵѾȫʩչٶԽԽȷԽԽ绨ʱȫˮĥȵĹΧĻֻ̼ܵ
ʱ಻ԣֻеĺӧԽԽأ˫ҲͬǦһ㣬ٶȱ֮ǰ࣬ʱĴֻҪһˣӦ֮£ֻԼܵǸʱѿĺãҲԵùһЩ
˴˴͵ؽڵϣȵʦס֡
绨֮üͷһ壬Ըؽʽ˻Ȼվڱ̨ϣһˮĥȣʵˣͷϣҪо
дޣ뵽ͺ¿˺ޣҪ˺ų죬Ҽ½֮ɢһΪֵܡ
ɫ䣬չһЦ˵ʦ书ĳʵƥУ˿ϸʦ顭
ܹսߺȻ
ôˣ
ˣӮˣȥû˼
кǿ̨ȥһ㣡
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úãúã

µΪܿһ˲ѡ
а⣬ҲǲˣôԼԼΪ򻨽𵶡ĻƼѧѾԼŪ似ˣ似ܵõڵۣҲˡ


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ǰԵ⣬ߵĴ绨ȴǲˡ
˵ʲôˣ绨ֻ۾ɵԲŭȵҵӸȺãûʩչһ룬ǲˣʦͽеͶô˾ͽ㲻֪ŬôԼͲ֪߳ôôͶôܷ
绨ĻԽ˵Խǲ̨±缸ʧɫ绨Ҫߵ򣬻һʮüλ绨
绨ƴڣҲȥҪ䣬ҪܣҸүҲǱȡ
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簲ˣ
Ҷ˦˦ֻۣġ޺Ӳ̫ˣԼһȭȥϾҪûЧˣȺܹιȥˣҲԼˣҿӣٹ£ԼҲ㲻ˡ
˴ɵؿҶҶһԴ˵ʲô̧һȥ
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̽һԴһ̾Ϣ֮˵үţӡ
һֱƤҶĳåһ죬ֱŹĺӾùҽУ٣ô£ԼˣֵܣЦԣҶ֣
ЦǻʹϵϽߣүҪˣǿƲס˻Ҷõù
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ѹһţҲ˳˵⹦ʲôСʦ̵ģûֳǰһ㣬ǰۺԼˣǹСʦģ˯λүҪ˼ѧ䣬СʦͷҪú̺ãͷСʦһˣָ㼸£׼Ҳܸ㴫һա
˫һŹ⣬˵ģʦֿɱƭҡ
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һ绨Ŀ֮Եòô䣬ƽȵسУǻ̽ŻУڤеġͬɨҶһĽɢ˳ϵĽ֮ʩչǲ²
ߵĻʸ̩һʼδʩչսħͨԼóġǧ˿֡Ӱ򵯡㡢նַǧ򻯣·Ѷıڤľͷһľһľͷ϶Ĳ֣һѹšĿռ䡣
ױܱѹȵġ
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ڤϵġ˾ͬһֻһʸ̩ܡշħͨǿУλʸ̩ϰж̣Щطת磬ȻȻȻܹ˻ˣȴסֵĹδãʸ̩һѪʱ
ֶʮغϣ˰ʱʱ䣬ʸ̩̾һͣԶ±̨Ϊ˵ڤֽ׿²Ƕ֣ˡ
ڤϰɫһţ˹֣áȻˡ
жǲǳűڤı˿ĭװǻƣʲôıմ˵ˣΪԼĽˣͷøСӣ֪Լж
ǻʸ̩в޽٣ЦԵСӲúԣ˼ұãҲӲʵܲǿ֣Ͳ˼ñ˾ˣû£ۻãӮô
һҲǵͷޣҫʸ̩Ŀ
˻ҫʸ̩˵ˣұϾˣһߵܵıˣϽ׼׼ɡ
һҲԣһҶʲôҪæģҶһ֣˵ʲôҪæģͶ׼ˣǿô
ҶһȻġ佣һεһֵġħңǳ
һһ㶣չʵߣǰǿǺֵʱҲʱ㲻á߾ôױ۵Ķأ
ҶЦ缸İɣ⼸оһ⡮ħ÷úҵĽҲӦˡ
ҶĪУԴ޶һߵ˵ɲǸ֣֮ǰʵֱڲϢԭǡꪹ̰֡Ĵͽܣٺ٣͵ͽܾȻôߵʦǾ䡭
ҿǳŻģ
ˮͻȻһ仰˵˼˸һٰʮȴת䣬ԽõˣʱԴתˣӦ
Ϊʲôô˵
ˮ˴üĵĺ룬Ȼ˵ڴ˵ʱõȷе鱨˵ݵʱ̰ΪصĳͻƺΪĦ͸ݣ̰棬˫ʱڹ̨һ¡̰һͽӮ˻̨֮ʱ򱻻ӱ㣬ô綾İˣɥⳡ̨ȫʣݱֱӵĳͻ


258 Ъл
ˮһ˵Ȼʱ˫Ĺ֤Ħʧܣ˳ݵؽ磬̰챾ǼΪ̵ˣھȻƤӵ°ͽܣȻǱŭ쳣⼸һֱ׷ɱ𣬻СӵμӡᡯһԭҲΪ˶ܡꪹ֡һŵֹ׷ɱ
Ŷԭˡ
˽ˮĽͣȻ
̨䣬ֹĿǺڵ֮䣬ǰ׵ڵ֮Ϊͳõķʽ˫ìܵ޿ɵͽ׶εʱ
ʵӽ֮䣬ɽ֮ʱ̨䲫ʤԼ۱ߵĽΪһ˫ȫ濪սɱһǧ˰٣˫ܶΪҡ
Ҷ˵ȻĦĵˣǵ˵ĵ˾ǵˡμȻˣͲܴΣǲͽύһպ˵õš
˶ǵͷƣ˾Ҫķѣպ·źߡ
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ҶſУͣذŪķħԭ೤ƷҶĴ߶䳤ֳ̣ɣϳһǳ
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Ҷû꿴ͼֻǾ۾ؿΪӵ˷ķ
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ݵͼʾ⴦ű۵ĴܣǸù۵ĸű۵ѧĸֻб۵Ĺʸ֪ܣвѧ
ҶۺܸȤҪԭΪ书ǿķħԼѱ䡱
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һˣֹ˰ʱ֮ڵʱ
ˣһͨ죬ǿĵʼ
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ڵ˾㶼Ӿѹ类Ҷһȭε绨УҲһƵʱϢλүҲȥˣҲˣеĲʡ鲻Ըӡ
Ҷٺһ֣Ȱ˵ϣ磬
绨Ҷһۣһû˵
Ҷ֪λԼأæŲǣ˵磬򣬾䣬ܷӳʵ԰꣬ͣһġ㿴Ϊֹ޺Ĺû¶أ˵ǻʲô㾡أ
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ճ⣬Ѿڶͨˡ
Ҷͱһ󣬶˵λֵܣȹȥˣⳡȥóˣԵû˷Сһ
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ҶԶԶͿ̨ϾȻտҲԼٵˣԷҲûе
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̨ϣһݴơ塢ʮߺǺһЦοǺǣ֪Сʿλ˵ĵӣ֪
һƽЦ֣λƹ۵ĶҶ
λеͷ˫ĿâһŶȻӣǺǣɽһ˸֣κܼŵӱѵýջٴ֣ǿϲɺء
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磬ҪֵܳúɱɱڵİԴչһᴸСֺ˵
ϽҲЦӯӯظչŴȣչ϶һģѽѽˣҪˣҪˡͳ˵ʲôҲŹСӰõϣϣ缸ŰҰڴʤ顭
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ĽȻΪʿΪڵħаη壬ľģ޼ˣĿͰ΢ʣλµһˡںЩֻҪ˸˵䲻ĻǰνУܵסһĽҲǾʹ֣ͬ˷ʵ
ʱգûмܵסһ㵲סˣҲ˵ĽĻ˭֪᲻ὣս˸ɱأĽʱ򣬿ɱϣֻԼϲãֳġ
ʱһ仰˵Ц㣬ˣȻáһɽׯѿ
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261 ӥɽ
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ҶȽУκ˶龰Ϊûһ˵ܹȵϡСӥչ
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չŶĶ֣һЦսⰻȻ˵֣һսɷ
˵䣿㻹ûʸ񡭡ĳᡯܹ֮Уȷйչֵһݹ͡չֵĵλͣĳУѲôҪˡ
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ڴһһƬ֮
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չԼԴ֮󣬲ûͻȻչչЦҡͷЦ˵ãû뵽ҾȻ뵽һȥ
Ŷһңӵ̬ȣȻ뵽Լ֮ѱġСӥһԼﷴԼѲ͸չҪ˵ЩʲôǡҲͬ㣬֮ĻЩʰ̬ۡѣԴʱϷʵؿչƶؿ˵Լ֪Ĵ𰸡
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ֻõڲ֪ĵ棬ĵǼ٣
ڱ̨ϣػ賤չ˷һһ⣬ԽԽʱѾȫչѹ˱̨ϣٲ׷չ𣬶չ»֮ԽԽƺʧľԽԽԡ
ܽкһƬ
ϣСӥչһʱռȻ˶֪ʼնʹҵļҴӦУδʹĽĳ쵴¶ʮһʽ
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ӥХ֮ԽԽ̶۶չǵصӰħ԰ӥХ֮ʱһɫҫ۽͸̨صӰһѣΡ
չҲԼΣʱ̳ˡ


262 Ķ
ڱˣ
ΪҴĽȡСӥչʱСӥչͬˮһΧѹƵĺ޻֮
֮ǰȻչŭԼԷѹƶңԸСӥҪôѰĽ֪ѰĽҲȫʤҪôʽ֪ڸչܹ֮սĶ֡
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⼸뵽˿ԼУȴֵܵһȫҰС
һŭֱȺͷը
С

һǣ绨ֱ̨ϵڣٽˮĥȴһƿȻ䣡
֣ͣ
˾еġ⡢ǡзŭ
绨⣬ǻŭҪ֪߳Ϊȥ

ڱûϢˣԼò٣һӵĳ裬δԼȻ
ɱ죬δٴγ֣ѾΪ˸ŭ޴й֮ʣȴһд䣬ɱŹ㽣ٱâһ绨С


263 ɮ
Сھһ̨εļڣ纣İΪһ԰׹ֱе绨С
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ΪӡУһߣ³ԷǺҲͦǼƬ̣ΪͶָΪ˵Чǵ޴İɫâȫɽɣһй˻Ǳ봩͸һܵʹ೬ٶֻû뵽еȻ˼Ӳʱ˿Ѿ͸˽âڵͷס˫۵ֱһѹ¶һ˫۵ۣ֮֮׵׺۹⣬ٿȻľ
ⲻܣô˵סһô˵ס⡰µһ
绨ͻȻͷȫˮĥȣ
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˱绨һ̨ѹһ࣬һ˶Ӿʹγɡ
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绨вȻڳ˴
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绨һѹڵأȻЦŭ֮£绨漫ΪһɽׯСޣҪ¹ģ
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绨һЦ̬ͨ쳹أһѪˮͿ񱩵ڳÿ˶ĵѣ绨áʨӺ𡿱ϺȵȥģһɽׯĲú绨ڴˣֵľɡ
һ꣬绨ѹٿȻһķâֱӺնڵľ࣡
Ҫ
չڣ˶ǿȣ
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ǽʱ̾һģ̴ӣʱ̴һմؿԼ壬ǿͷһү֨һ̴ӵҸһֱҲʣرնΪ룬ϰӻ䵽أһأ̴ӾȻһʱδһߺţϲͣץţ°ȻѪ
绨һ߷̴ӵ°ӣ˳һŽԴȵϡ飬֮ȾСȣ

һҽУεѣܡ
Сߡ
绨ȾҪ׷ϣ
ʱ˿ɾͲˣҪɱڣûתˡ
ɮһţ绨ǰ
вҪңҪɱҶ籨𣡡
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˶һüôСʿ˵Ҳûŵģ⻰˵ôһĿ㣲
⻰ûȰ绨ŻҪ׷ҶĹǺ־ȥˮĥȣ㲻ȥ֡
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ſ
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Сһһһᣬˡ
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˳ˮĥһϾ֨
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绨ؿ±š
мһһƲ죬͵һۡ
ޣ
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ߣȱ´ð̵ģ첲գҸˣһ黨ˣһֳɽȦˣTMD񫰡Ҳධɡ
һ˦֣һٶˮĥȸƵġǬȦ͸ƲˣֱڵҳһĻӡ
ֵһҶʮͰ绨̧̫TMDˣɽﺢԸ棬˵ϲϲ˵ŭŭ


264 ү
˶һŵĴ󺹣˵ʲôİôô󾢰ûӲһ˵Ȧ;Ȧ
ҶùµűߵġǬȦˮĥȣЩɵػ£пЦһеˣ绨Ըˡ
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صҪչˣֽŪþ͵òзϡ
뵽˴ҶҲɱӯӯʱ£ֻ̩ͻʸ̨̩ϸŵ˽棬ԭչ˳Щ£չˣصȻͽɻʸ̩λӿȫţûϲ˳ı廨Ҳȥͱ롭
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˫ץˮĥȵˣһ֨
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оˣߡ

չһսλֵܷ֪λСӥʵжˣӥĴйȻһŵܱġ
Ľ˫Ⱥ׽ֵʱչûչ¶ʵʵʵⳡҲˣչ𣬱߽ӵչʹδɵġӥϿն
˵ںչʱ̶Լ޷ƿصеá񡱺͡ӥһ
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绨˻ѪͿҩ࣬ҲһŲŶɢʯʵ磬Ҷû°ɣҪβãһȥСһı⣬ΪҼҶ
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һչֿһкͽ񣬶ɢʯ̾һ֯ԣ˵תԼδյ似Щˣö硾׽ò˱ںķΧءǰۣƤ֮ˣһ̺ۣǲϲպٰĨȥ˽Ѫⶼ˵ȽΣѰǶ֡Сȵľ
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˲׳Ȭ֢״
չһŵĹȫһ˫ֺһ˫ȽأһṦһצһһڷ˰ˡ
Ҷһüʵ磬羭Ƶ˺ֵز
˵УҶǶҽģɢʯû˵Գˣ鲻޲̫ܡ
ĵʱһƬɢʯ˼չֽŵĲзϣȻǰʹã޷޷תˡ
绨ŭ𣬺ȵ㣬ǿң˵ɱСƫƫá
塭˵ˣչЦЦ۵һ˿ȻʱҲҲҲ֮ҲȻעˣǿ󲻵á缸ѹһʣһһţ꣬죬ܷ۸˵
ӻүֻҪˣô۸ҶС
Сӻ˵
˹һЦ嵭˼˸С
ҶĦ°ͣŶɢʯ磬ˣûжκô
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Ȼһϲ˳ʵ˵ܣа취ô˵ʲô취
Ҳ֪ôˮ侲˵߸֪
˾ĿͶһɻҶ
ҶһָԼıӲŵ˵˵ң


265 һ
һ֪ηʥ
ڶһн֮ǰʧ֮µıܣҲǲԼôġ
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ƢΪʲôһֱô󣡡˵תͷʵΪǵɽ̫ߣ̫ô
ǰһĹװŮӣͰԼǰɴ棬Ȼòķ绪Ȼ˳ԡ
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˫ĿٿȻһԷȻΪһƥԼǰ
ٿȻתҪܿһͻȻһͣȻת˿
ԷȻö
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ĳھע£һ̽Լѣֿ죬־־ޡ
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ؿеѪͬȪһıӿô󣬺죡
ԭѪӿԼѪӿ˵Ĳͬ
ѪʱھԼҲͬӿͬľͷһ㣬Ӳز൹ڵأѪӿ𶯺ʵ̫ˣھȻûиеˤʱʹ
ԷʣЦУߣУƾȻȥ
ŶԷȥıӰʵ˼˲ƺκ뷨ҪѾһǵûˡ

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266 鷳
Ҷ˸泩
ҪǽˮѣԼ㶼׵֮󣬱㱻Լ֮߸Ĳˡ
ţþ޽
ҶؿһϺһֽţдֻǵǵĶݡ
ҶܶһϵĽ
죬ҪЩɢʯƾյҽҩȵ֪ʶоһʵеķκչĲ֢
ױ¼ʥͼϵǽĹؼ
ҶͽˮɽׯٿСͽ׻ϣĪҰͽʮɽҰеıչʾ˹ۿһͼĲƬ¼Ҷѧ˹
þ޽ܹ֮⣬ٴγһ˹ڲԭоӶøΪĸԣõơ湦һ
չҪԵֻǻܹеľԭľܹ޸ʱû޸취£ԡþԭľȻչָһһŵȨ˵
֮ɡþ޽ݳ޸չľϡ
ֽ׶ΣҪر
һǷǳĳʼƣ
ҽΪ߳ˣ
Ǽߵȶȶϡ
ƺˣҪҶͶɢʯͬɣ֮󣬲Ѱϵʱ䡣
ԣһ磬ҶȴԼϣȥҶɢʯϤǰ׼
ձ᱾ӦòǿΪһУط棬֮绨ֲȰ裬ֱ䳡ڸˡ
ᡱòƵǿʱ򣬾ͽвȥˡ
һҹоۣۣǽں绨˵ĲʸȫȡޣǿǿҶͱڤ֮˾
ᡱ˵ľҲǲѶΪ֮ڼȻԿƵľ棬޼գ뻹ҪĹھⳡʢôиĽֵġ
ԭŵľչģԸչˣ޷Ļұ˲ǿķֱ߾ʣˣҶͱڤֱӽˡ
뵽һƽϢҶ겻ѡ
Ȼᡱ飬ҶҲûʲô飬ڶⳡѾκεˡ
˶ɢʯˡþ޽ҶͶɢʯȴûеһʱȥоһͬ˻һڵȴ˵ĵ
һȺʱġꪽ˳ӭ˹˵лλֵˣչֳ֮󣬻Ҫ鷳λԮʦųǸм
ҶԼֵܣСæʲôأȻ⣬Ҷ˻ǲŹ롰ꪹ֡½õĻġ
²˳٣ͷǰ·ɡɢʯ΢΢һЦ˵

ҶͶɢʯԼסλ֮󣬿ԷϤӰҶȻĵѾЩ׼Ǿȵûһʧ˵ԭ
ŮӣʮͷӣҶԴҹ̽ĦլʱͻأֵŮӣȻȰźõϷ룬ԷжȴǳȫҶˣһٽެ͸һ˻Ǹ׳ա
ĦΪеһ˵˫Ӧ׼ѵĹϵ
ŮӵһЦ˵û뵽ϾȻ˶ǵķڣ˳Ծ
һ̸˽⵽ԭŮΪ̰ãһżԶݣΪ׷ɱġ
ʧܵʹöڣɱ̰Сͽܣṵ̆ͲŹ޵˵ǧ׷ɱǶͣ׷ɱһζѣֻû뵽һУȻҵ־ͬϵˡ
ͨ򵥵˽⣬ҶͶɢʯȷϣϣֻͻȻɸϣոϷ㱻ڰĦַ֣ʲôü㱻һٽɱ˲ˣҪԴһɤӣڶĦֵĹп޻ᱻΧ
ϵƣϵõġ
ɢʯʩ룬ȶס޵ƣָԵҩ֮ãԽԽصˣûдˣʣµʱ䣬Ǿѡ
ڼ˫̸Ħ뷽棬νǽ˿ͷϵѣʧ˿ʱ򣬻Ħ룬͵ϮĦ룬պпܣκεĵطԾĦ룬ͬһߡ
һСˣչʾѺõ˫ֻѰһּ򵥵ѹϵδƸʲôκҲϵѣһϣͷЭ鶼ûеĴºƹҪοĶࡣ
ˣҲﵽҶ˵Ŀġ
Ҷȥ֮ɻԼλʦ壬Ϊʲôҵʲôأ㵱Ƿǵջ񡭡
ҲǵõľʲôĦķӦ䵭ӦǼ̫ҪȺСֻǷ˱˳֮ƣΣˣޱҪĶδκβͬĦ޾Ĺѡ

һ顣
ҶͶɢʯصСԺʱ򣬱㿴һϮɫӯӯͬŮһĽȻ
Ҷٺһ֣ЦӿҳɹǿģƹкжؽǷܹأ
ȻüͷؿҶٽͻأ˵ڳˣ
ʲôɢʯȻɫ
Ҷ²ͻһ٣ųʵȷǳ£ǻطһɽׯô
˫֮ĳͻһ£ģҶһȺˡ
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ɢʯæӣҾͿ֤ϻҹߵæһϵĶ֤Ҽߵܾɱڵ֣
˭˵ˣ
ɢʯһ䣬һٿȻһƿյӰء
ɽׯһΤЦ졢ʥչꡢһƽ̫콡һͬ˫۾㶼εضųеҶ
콡ǰһɤ˵һ飺˭˵أߣã֪С񡯵Ľô
ɢʯʵһֵ˵ոǽ˵ģڳˣȻΪȻʣд˷ʰ
콡ҳ˵Զ磬ղ֮٣Ѿ֤ǾǴɱС񡯵ĶͽʲôֵýƱģ־ܣҵȽ衮һɽׯ䣡
ɢʯҪٴηԣȺеһƽ˵Ƿֱδжۣڱ¶ԣǲЩأ
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Уһô죿콡ͲҶطŸݡ
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Ҷεص˵ͷǱ˰ɱڵֱߣʱҲֻˡ


267 
ΤׯС֮ĪһУȻġɽׯǣеĲֹһһɣһɽׯ׷ҶӲΣôƫ̻ӷպǳ⣬ݹҵȷˡ콡ǳ⣬ȴ˸ΤЦѹ
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ɡ˵Τ֣ԲûеǷˣǼ˶Ӳ˸ϵİ
ΤЦ콡һֻŰҵļһ޺øУ෴ƹһͬսףѡҶĻҪۼһòСʿ˴ȥСʿν콡ȡֵ֧֣İСʿѣҲ
һƽʱڵλȲҪҶСѵﷸźãŴҶСѺ޹ϵԸΪж⣬˶ϷϺˣ
˵ʱһ㶣벻λһƽȻСʿΪеصҲϧ
չ˶û˻˵˼ҼȻѹԼ˵ʲôأ콡һ
ֵܶһƽԸм֮飬Ҷˣͬʱа̾һ̿ԼҲûκѡˣֻڱ˵ļ°ͰΪԼˡ
ΤЦ쿴˿ˣ۹ڽȻϣ˵¾Ȼƹ棬ϷʵںȻ֪ӶԴأ
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ҲãҲҪȡһɽׯ˵֮顭ʥչҲ˴ͬʱؿҶһۣ۵׵ĸɫҶӵã
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ͬʱ䣬ҲҶƶ֮ǰȡʱˡ

·СȻҶ˵ҹ̽Ħŵ֮ʱܵɽʵ˾е㲻˼顣
ҶСʱ򣬷µλɮڴغ򣬴ŵλҲڴˣһֳģÿ˶üͷͷ
Ҷһֳ㱻ſڵġǹ׵ǰ˵ô˶ȥУֳƻÿζֻܽȥˣڡ
绨뷢ȴҶס˵ǰмңֳ֪ʵڱ࣬Ǿϣҵ©˿
ߵܣø˭ȥʣ
Ҷֵп˿˵ϰ˸ҽȥɣ
Դڷϸڣˮ˼˴ܹҶܡ
һҶѡˣҲǷĵص˵ͷ
ҶȥͻȻ۷أż˷ԸѩͼѾͷйȥˣǻʱ鷳ǰҸĪҪżĵȴɣĪŲǡ
÷ѩԸ񣬻ֱӴųˡ
˵ţŴ󿪣濴ˣֹƻֳ
ҶĴ鿴һ£ʵֻΪ˻һ¼飬ûҪʲô֣ȴͻȻϷһӦеĶΪϤɵ´󺧣ɫ粻
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ôˣˮʵ
С֣ߣ˵ãͷ㡭Ҷɫ˵
ˮ˵ͷȻҶ㵱˵˵һǲõϢ
һͬš
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ˮҿ˿ĵطϸһ˵֮⣬б
ſһң콡˵ȻȻô˴ɱС񡯡
ˮ˵˵ʶˣ˲ʶ죬˺ܾá
ŶԼã
ˮ˵ĵطӡǺѰ֮ҳĺۼôԡ
ô˵ɱڵˣһඣ
ˮҡҡͷ˵δأӡֻ˵δ֮ǰи֤˾֣˵ڴʱ˻ûгΪ֡
Žˮڵصλãһۼ֤ھ͵
ˮ˵λ뿴︽ĺۼܹ϶ǣûж֣ûκζĺۼһ㣬λǰҲ˽⡣
һͬͷжϣԴɱȷûκζֵֻļ˰˼ĵطҶûκɲȥģҶ书ߵڶûа취ֵأδҲ̫߿Ҷˡ
ˮ˵Դɱûл֣н֮ûκĺۼʧȥʶεڵصģҴѪȡԶȡλÿӦһࡣ
ˣͷ֤˽ˮ˭Է顣
ͳطˮüͷ壬˵ûзıһ̵֮ûκĺۼƶϣҲ̿ʶˣûзһģڵ֮ӡȴδô򵥣ΪûǶ֪һնڵԴκڵ֮󶼻ᴹģֻǱ˴Ķ֮Ѫ֮Զ˵䵱ʱǴ֮ˣѪҺ֮ԶΪʲôᶯҲأ
һͬ˳ĬҶڲûзûзһ֮Ҳ֮ܵȷǸɵ㡣
ΤЦ룬ʵλСֵܵƶϣָأ
ˮ˵Ҳǵһ֮󣬰ڣʧȥֺѨ֮ɵڶ˵µɱ֡
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ˮ۵콡һۣ˵ȽҵĲ²⣬û˵ǽۣܲܲҪҵĻûò


268 
㣡콡ŭ벻С˲ԼӣϬɫ֮ͨ£޲ýˮʬΡ
Сֵܲˣ˵ȥ˵ȴչΤЦһƽ콡ͻȻֱĸо첻˵
ˮϹл˵ֻǵһֲ²⣬ڶֲ²ǵڶɱֵ֮ĳְ취ʧȥ˻ֺڵִУűһ̵غҲ޷ġַЧģܾǡö
˾֮ɫһš
ˮ˵ĿⶨΤЦ죬ˮȻ˵Τǰ뿴ڡ
ʱ콡ûгԷԣȻ˼˵˶õİ취Īȥ鶾ˣ鶾ʱȻҶһԼලĽǲᱻϵġ
ΤЦĬ˵ڱϷܱɽׯʱȻҪ࣬ȻλСȥһڵġ鶾ѡȴҪϷѡǡ
Եˡ

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ߣԹ磡콡˵꣬ЦٴǰС
ֵܱɽׯĵΧģܻ飬ȷǵɷһĿܣʱ㼸ܣҲӲѵġ
һֱڶû˵ĽȻʱҲ󼸲Ҷǰ
ҶԴޡˮͬʱĿ˽ȻϣûȽȻڣԴȿʵôˣӣʲôҪô
Ȼһ㶣ɴµĪһţʵΪʲôôʣ
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Ҷæ߳ˮ˵˵Ī˵Ѵ»ת徵أýΪѡϿûò
ˮһ񣬵
ɫԷȻ̬ڵúܵͣĻѾ˵ˣҶǴˣ̬֮Ȳ˫֮һЩأڱɷ顣
ģǲ˵ҲᾡҶְɵġ֮мΪҪҶ֣СŮ᲻Ȼ϶˵
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˿ɡȻͬˮһĿоһ˵״̬µڣҶҪɱֱӶ֣һֱֱӱα˷£ʲôҩأ

˿ŽȻȥûлص˵Уתȥߡ
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Ҷпһ£⻵Ҳ̫ˡ
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ûһᣬһԴϹɴѪδɣѪˮֱʮҵĴ󺺱˹һΤЦ죬ǰ򵹣ʦˣڴˡ
ΤЦһģԭŭɫ˵֮飬æʵ⹷յô£ôˣɫһʵ⵶ľҲôôĵӣ
ڳһ֮ɫֵʦͽ氡ʵνȲѰſΤЦҶһŭɫʦŵˣҪⴳǺȰ裬ǾȻͻȻˣӻöĿ죬ֻһˣӣˣңҲ
ôˣ˵ΤЦɫ쳣
Ҫͦȥˣ
Ҷ͵һһá
ΤЦ˫Ŀʱͨ죬͵תͷҶŭ𣺡ƹ۵·ôһԲϣɱ֣ǻûһĽأ˵һеҿôеͽҪûƹ۵˾ͶҪҵ
ΤЦһԼȳɽׯĵһΧţʣҡһҪҶ˸ɱ̬
콡дϲɽׯƹ۷ĿǴĵ飬ҵѻ𡣡Τׯкγɣƹ۵˲˴ɱСıڼı¶ͣҪɱΧԲŶ˹ɽׯӵҪλڳֵܼ飬ֻЩûˡ
תֱ£˲Ҷյء
ʱ˿̣һƽҲԹʯ̫ʣҲ֪νʱ黹ûвˮʯǾҶίŭ죬Ҳְܶ
ҶһӻʦŵЩô£ȻʦƢ𱬣пܣҲֹɽׯ˰οǸ缸ɽׯУôô
ʦѵôûôԣûô򵥡
ҶΤЦᶨ˵ΤׯϢŭж飬Ǳô򵥡
ƨڳƿڴʲô飬ƨ飬ѵ˵ĻǼٵģʦܵǼٵģɽׯϰٸֵǼٵģҶģٿѱ磬ҪƤƣȥĵֱ
ڳһȣͻȻα𣬳Ҷ˹ΤЦ챻ͽܵľŪķ꣬ѹƻһʱ飬ȻûסڳֱӹҶ
ס֡ΤЦϺȡ
ڳܲˣҶȭֱȭģֱǰء
Сģ
ֵȡ
Ҷ俴ڳȭͷϮ㲻ܣ䣬ȭ죬ȭʵʵعҶظ֮䣬Ҷαˣ׵ԼֵܵĻ۵һһѪ
ߣֵܴʧɫ
Χ˸ǴһǺҶҪ콡Ҳɵþȳ
һƽŭȣΤׯ̫˰ɣ
ɮ˫ֺʲţеȻ˵ӷΤׯԼ¡
ΤЦɫһ㶣֪ԼͽܵΪŭӦôԼȻΪǸСʿΪֶȻת֮
ڳҲδϵԷȻ֣һʱЩ֪ˡ
Ҷɫ԰ףʹ࣬ѪܿƵֱңȴǰϲٺ٣ôпƻеôġ
ҶߡعԷȭչƤĤڼ֮䱻ˣһ˶ûУڿеѪȫҶӲƳģô˵ҶԲɵƣȶԷȭĸ
Լֻס֪֪׵ĵֵģԴ޾ͳԼգգ۾´Ĵָʾ
ʱһȣ绨αһȣȵTMDɱ㡪
ˣΪˣ
Ҷ´󺧣˵ʱҪǳ֣ԼȭͰˣҾ滹ø񻯡
֪ĲֹҶһˣˮԴ绨ǰߣҪס绨˵ôס绨
ΤЦ˴ʧɫ־Ԯڳʱ绨ɫһȻվﲻˡ
̩ǰͰ绨ˮĥҲ˹ȥ
ҶһΧע绨ϣδӦʱ򣬰ѳס绨׵һָֻ˻
ڳȻ֣ȭîȫΤЦϤڳ˶֪Сȭأ˵ˣһͷţҲһȭ
ʱȭҶȻܣһϢ˵̬ȣӲڳȭȻ˼صˡ
һʱ֮䣬ɽׯˣͷĻȻϨһ롣
ΪҶ̬˵СʿҪµģɽׯԵġ
ڳȭȫҶԷȻܣȫӲһʱ֮䣬ԼоȻһ˿Ρ
ѵԩͬŵΪ֪Ҳͬ
ڳɵɵվΤЦҲǸ˾ҶһķӦ֮ǰڳһͣŭȵ˶׾͸ôҶС壬ûиһʶ˼붯֣һоҪС㻹ϴ
ڳͣҡ˰죬ǸĻ˵
Ҷʱæѵس˵ΤǰĪˣֻΪͬű𣬲δ͸Ź죬ƹɽׯսĽ飬һвС£㶯ˣ»ׯҸᣬȥ̽ʸסȿȡ
ҶһʹֱƳһѪɫӲ԰סͬʱа⣺ΤЦ죬Ϻ꣬зתĿ֮£ְ̬ƸƽˣԼװˣԷ֮飬һЩҪҪڱΤЦһƸȷˡ˼ѾͷԼͽܵĴѵԼһ²ô


270 װģ
ΤЦ¶֮ɫοҶСѷģϷͬսѵģϣֻһźá
ҶŻ˵˵СˣϣΤׯҵֵܷҽȥ
ΤЦɫ˽ͷһ۹ɫƵһƽ˵ǵȻҶСѲ࣬ɽׯȥĵһ
ˡҶϢһ£ֻ˵ΤׯĪ֣ҸղŹׯ˼أȿȡҼҽɵӣҽҵȿׯĴ򣬶Ҿöһ˾ͶһΤׯȥΪˣ
ΤЦһ¶жɫæã롮СҽɡΪСͽʩԮֲǡ
ɢʯûдΤЦ죬ǶҶ˵ߵܣأǵƣ»вõĺ֢
ҶдЦԭƺ«ҲǸĻæϵص磬Сܲ޴󰭣ǾΤׯĸͽҪҵͬһսɱǻĽ飬Ӣ֮δսУȴԼϣСʵĲ̰
ߵܡɢʯץסҶ֡
ݼ簡ʱȦתתģ͸ˡãúãסͣͣͣǧ̫ˡ
һԻΧɽׯ˶ǷĸжЩ˼ȫһۣҶ˷һ˵ܴḻĲͿ޳
ɱһӣû˵ȻԼ˵Уһô£һ˶ôѹ£
Ҷ仰·ƿɽׯΪһ棬֮ǰָҶ˵ĵǹȫط
ڳһ֮飬ΤЦ쳤̾׳ҡ
˶һƬ˸֮鴥ԴĨᣬ绨һؿɴ۾Ҳûγһ
TMD޵óô绨ѹɤʵ
ѾҹСү˵̬ȡԴ޼һĭ
ʲô˵̬ȣŪ٣ɹƭ̫̫ӣСƿӣ
죬ҡ
ɶ
Ӳ
ɣҲšݼ̫ϲ϶㿴˼ңƽʱԲģؼʱ̶ã
ӸǸ޳ѪԴ޶ݺݵ˵
绨Ҳ̥ﻵһţˡ
пҶˣɢʯ˸ɫ׼ж䲻ԱһɤӣһӰٿȻ˹ͨһҶӸһ˵棬Ҷû׼֮£׸˸ܵĽӴһҶֱιȥ
缸һһȴԴ֡
Դһ̧ͷ۵ˮĴ鶼ϳҶ˻ǺߵܣߵܣοˣͬĽ飬ҲԼȥȰž飬˼ҲŲ࣬ô黯ΪУ˼ȴҪߵܣǺο࣬Ǻοడ
һĿ֮£ΤЦ˶һӡ
ɽׯһ˶ǺϼƣСӿ޵ûͷβСʿϢˣƫǲƣͬԼˣֲɵģҲҲ˵˶ܲˣںαؿأ
ɽׯһԲ˼ҶȵȴһʱûסЦü˶סףûضƱʵǿЦˡ
绨һĲţֹҿӸһ̫TMDвˡ
ҶһĿƣд˵û£磬˵ȭţֵܽҲֵáûʱˣȥҪ
ԴһﵽĿģĨᣬѱҶһҭվվղı
ݵ̫ˡ
Ҷˣߴɢʯȥæˣ˽ˮһɫԴ޶˲ҶСԺȥ
ἰͬս꣬Ҷɽׯ˼ѹΪԼȡһʱͻᣬڵ黹δŪô£˴ֲÿ˵ͷѹһʯͷһ˴
Դ޻ҶԳҭҶﷳ꣬ݺݵšԴһ£˵TMD˼ôԶˣ㻹޸񣡡
Դ̧ͷ޵TMDΪ밡ղ˹ʱײˣأײһ£׬˵˭ôˣTMD̫ˣͣˣء
Ҷҧгݣŭǻ찡۰ôͲ˵

СԺĴŽգҶ̧ȾҪߣԴһס죬ʾ滹˿ء
ҶѾҪƢѹװһήҲ̬
ˮһѵһЦǰš
ʲôˣһ
СʦҡҶҧˡ
ӣʱҹʲôң
Сʦ壡Сʦô
һ˭Ҷȵ
ѽСʦ壬Сʦû£Сʦ
һ߰ڣ֪˭һڣźһž죬ʲôŸסˡ
ҶҪɽԺӵʱ֨ѽһű򿪣׳ҶǰҶظҪ˵䲻ܳһ󺺣ͨһ͹ڵأѽҵĸɵ㻹ģ̫ˣ̫ˣҪˣҲ
˶ò£֪ǹǸ˵
ҶˣһԵԴ޻һ߳ҭһ˵TMDҿ޵û١
㻹TMD˵
ҶݺݵԴһۣȵɥˣûȥﲻ˵ĵط
æÿҶһȽԺӣʦʯͷǰҶ۾һߣ˶⣬ۼµӣƽʱĺӣڼ˴ˣҶҪ쭵ĻӲ˵ڡ
ǽˮԱʵλ׷ʲô飬ôɽׯôĳͻ
ԹĻûᣬ˵ʲôԼһ˼ôǺ֮Ļһû˵û˵ɵҲӦ뵽һ㣬ʯȻ³çҲڽϴãȻ֪µء
ʯһĴȣ˵λɱˣTMD겻
ôˣҶһˣȻ顣
ʯ˵ֻǽӵϢ˵̣СʦֽܵţɽׯҪסֻҪСʦܲżҪȼһ档ǸڳȽϿ˵ֻǻɣһԵǸСӽҵȴ֣ʲôݺ֣ƣԾӲ֮ĻҲһʱߣϸһͻû룬ʱ֣Ʊ׳գͻȻҪСʦ屨䲻ѵ׷궤ʱͰɽׯһȺ˸˺üű˳ͻһãȰɽׯ˸ɱ˳ȥ飬ûˣݱڵľ桭


271 Σ
֣ƱСôӣ
ƹУҶ˵ȫ˽⣬֣ƱǷǳϤҪ˵ԼˣСӸԼǰ϶¡ܻھͶҩˣåƹʲôȱ¶ܸɳǲô޴ľٶ
һԵ˰˼⡪
ڣ
֣ƱƲשͷûڵ׼ʲôʱһ֣һ˫ַڣһڣ׼ȷҪһҲ̫˰ɣ
ɱʬ
ɽׯ߼ߣ⻹ʣʬ塭
ǹȥҶ˵˳֣Ʊ
õģСʦ塣Ƴ缸æȥ֣Ʊ롣
ͬʦֵܣһ˺ü꣬鶼֪֪ף˭Ҳ֣Ʊ᷸ôĴ󣬲ۼΪʵ»ˡСʦ嵽ˣ˴һ˿ϣϣ֤֣ƱǱݺʲôԵɡ
ҶʯţݵУϱʬ壬϶ŴҶԴ޺ͽˮ˰ƿϸ鿴˿ڡ
Уʬƹ۵˶ûôһֱűʱӣÿ϶ö׷궤һһöǿȰͷǹǶˣҶüͷһöⰵ͸Ƕͨⳤ糤̣ʳָԳ죬𿴺СΪأһֳּأӲĹͷܶȥ͸Ƕĺˣϵźӣַڣźӣ׼һ˦֣ڴȥܹ
͸Ƕǵڵģֻʮĸ֣пͬʱöవҲܹͬһζڣͷ뻹ٶҡ
Ҷž͸Ƕʵ֣Ʊô
ˡһȴ棬һӣʮˣٿ֣ƱС廨˸ʵ۾Ͷ˸ʵġ˾ͽ˿
֣ƱСһ·ڣϺƵأͣڣǰѹסҲ֪˵ʲôغͣˡлư֣Ʊƨǰһƣȵʵ㣬СʦأʲôСʦ˵
֣ƱһҶˣһ㶣ͣš֮͵ԸӾҵ˶ҲҶģڣƴѹס֮ŲǺΪжģҶˣ⺰ԩء
ҶΧĵһۣȵվſʲôɿ
Сʦ壬ǡƳ¶Ϊ֮ɫ
Ǹƨڣӻܷͥ죬㣬˸ɿ
ϣСʦ˵ʦֵܼȥ֣ƱɰһɰҶһԱ˵ӣ֪СίˣŸͬŷľҲ֪ͬŵпûݺ㣬Ǵﲻ֪ĸ˵ĵˣ㲻ǵù˼˶ѡ
˻ûأҶѾ֣Ʊˡ
Ҷ˵꣬Դޡˮʯʹ˹ʯӼֱʵôأСʦܣͷˣ
Ҷ˱͸Ƕ˵λû͸ǶȻϳˣȷǱ׼ͺţֻҪϺõıӣ㶼򵽡Źĥǵ֮ıͱˣûרŵĹ治ת
֣ƱʱˣһѽĶ˳һĭһ仰ǡСʦ壬ԩ
Ҷһ֣ӣ
֣Ʊؾʹ˹;ƨɵһţСTMDҵţͰˣȻĳӶҵ졭˺ôЦ
֣ƱҶǰһվһ˥˵ſСʦ壬治Ҹɵġԩø
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ģСʦ֪ɵġ˵˵ô£
֣Ʊһͷ֮˵Сʦ壬Ҳ֪զˣͷҾ˯ˣ߷ɶ¸֪һ˯ëˣѹݻûأӻ쵰ˣ˵ҵΪʦǻ
Ҷѹѹ֣ʾЪᣬȻͷ͸Ƕݸ֣Ʊ룬˵ӣڣî˾ӡ
֣ƱһЦ˵ڣСʦ壬֪ңûҲᰡ
û£ѧҶ͸Ƕ˹ôڣôڣôôͽʹ÷һţȻͳƣÿһְʵַǲһģ񵶺ͽȻǱʽص㲻ͬ÷ҲͲһҶʱֻǽ̸֣Ʊవʹ÷˵һ¾ͱɰ֣ȷطɳȥõġ
׼ôҶʵ
֣Ʊͷʾ⡣
ǾͿʼɣﶼ㵹ùҶһ£֣Ʊî˾һƲ͸Ƕ֮ϣȴųһ亹
Ϊʲôأ
ΪͲǸƫԶɵһϡ
ȱҶѣԶЩȻֱӾͻһڸ͸
Ҷ˸æǰ鿴һһڣľ࣬ľṹϰ֮˵ĹͷӲһڵĶͨˣ֮ݣֱֺ֣Ҫ򶥶ˡ
ﶼ˰ɣҶ˵Ʊڵʵҿ֣Ʊ룬ʵӱˣٰ֮߳ӣڴ˽ꡣ
Ҷ˵꣬һƬȻ
ǱԩʵǼ£˵ֶҲ̫ˣױ֣ƱĶ֣Ȼһͬ⾰ʦֵǶδЩ̫ˡ
ǵԴΪֶΣΣ˸׽˶ˣ
ЩⲻھܽģǰҪǰɣɽׯָ֮ϵʱѼȲľ档
Ҷһ֣Ʊ˵Ʊ룬Сô
룬Ȼˣ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ǺãŻСʦҲŻҪŶܻСӱҪСʦһ˹ŹˡˣܻǲɣŪýǡҸȥô
֣Ʊһͷ˵СʦŵùӣҾǣҲĸԸ
Ҷ࣬˵ӣǿɲȥЦһ㶼ҵģʲô͸ʲô˵˵˼ҰĭϣҲܸ۾˳ͱӣûҵҲøšô
ˡ֣Ʊ˵İСʦ壬ˣҸʲô͸ʲô
ãߡˣҰɽׯӵʬһ̧ȥ


272 
Ҷ˴ʬСԺٴγʱȺѾȵòͷˣǹ벻ͣ
̵ϢʱѾɽׯдˣʱСԺ֮⣬㡢㣬Χ˿ֵߣԶԶָ۷׷ס
Ҷһ֣ΤЦߵڳһ۾Ϳ֣Ʊ룬æΤЦ˵ʦ͵ϮǵģҶߵǸСʿ
ΤЦһߣɽׯһ£ȥѼָΧ˸ʵ
ΤЦ˵ҶСѹȻǸˣֻҪ㽫Ԫ׽ңƹɽׯ֮Ĳ죬Ϸ͵ûз
Ҷ·ɽׯӷ׷ãҶԼһΤЦԼ˵ĸǰһ֣ЦΤׯ԰꣬Ҷĳ棬ҼʦֶˣҪׯһлЩҪǡ
ŶΤЦһƺӣ֣̿Ʊһۣصɱ뵽ԷȻԼҪӣ쿪ʱ򲻷Сʿ˵Щʲôͬڱ˵ΤЦѹˣ̫С
ҶСѼȻлɡ
Ҷһ֣֣ƱߣΤЦһϹҶģ˵ƹ۲Ф֣ƱΤׯλǰ
˸ԵͷɫӲСʿʲô
ҶЦų˵λǰˣǸոڳ˵λͻϮɽׯӵһλǺǣֻٴ֤ɣ
ڳҧгݵ˵Ȼ˻Ҳϵã͵Ϯʦˣɱɽׯӵܡ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵鷳ٰѵʱ龰һλһףʱλʦֶζֵġ
ΤЦüͷһ壬а⣺ҶСʿʲôãٴἰʱѵȺǰɽׯĵӲƹ۵ô̫ˡ
ΤЦҪһԵпţΡΡ˵ҶʩҿžͲ˰ɣ˲Ҿ籾ʹ߿죬Ҷʩֺαؽҿ˰أ
ҶæǸȻ˵ҶĳĲˡɽׯλ¡Щ黹Ҫ˵ĺãᡣɣ˵µʱĳвԵĵطָ
ҶִˣΤЦɫЩǿص˵ͷ
Ҷ˵Ǻãұ˵˵ʱ龰֮ǰĸͲ˵ˣҶҾ˵λƱʦֶʱ龰֣ʱҵλʦֶֻڣ˶֧أ
ڳһ㶣ԼҪ˵µôôҡȻʵػص˫ͬʱڣʮöҡ
˼Σ
ֻ˫ͬʱһΡ
ʲô
Ҷʲô˼ڳŭʡ
ʣʦֶ֮ʲôأҶģʵ
ΤЦɫΪƹ۳ˣ㾹ȻҵĵӣɵȵҶСѣ˷ʣǺ⣬ѵΪɽׯԱǼ٣ݺƹ۲ô
Ҷԣ˵Τׯˣ֮ôʣڴǰѣĿô֪е࣬ԲԹׯҲǶԹׯ෴ϣֻ¹ׯƹͬܺ߶ѡ
Ŷô˵㻹ΪҺඣΤЦü䲻ơ
Ҷ˵Τׯʲô˵ģѵΪɽׯļûô
㡭
ΤׯϢŭַ׷Ȱ裬鿨ȷʮֲǵġ
ΤЦа룬Ҿʺˣҿˣʲô
һʾڳشΤЦתҶһۡ
Ҷ俴ڳһۣٴʵ֣ɡʱ֮󣬾ʲô
ڳҶ˵ʦֶ͵ϮɽׯӵˣʦܴأڵϦȫĽˣ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ţȷλҲöסλʦֶͻȻ͵Ϯ˫ͬʱڶʮöңɽׯӰǲԣ
ˡڳȵ
Ҷһ̾ȵ۰
µͷܵʵʼλǰܹ˫ͬʱڣڷʮöööܻҪİַҪòա
ǽգ츳꣬ͨ˳ʮ꣬öö׼ȷҪĻҪʮʱ䡭л˵
ͬʱҲʱ׷ױʾͬ
Ҷ˵ãʮʱ䡣ʮʱ䣬ֻ˫ַڣҪĳ̶ȡҪÿöڵĳ̶ȣҪٵأ֣һ£ʱλڵʦֶĸоʵΣ
ڳͣ˵ǡԪڵΪôǿͬʱɱ˶ˣ
ڳһ˵ǴüͷͬʱҲҶҪʲôˡ
ôڳǸϹôǰν֣Сʿǡ컯ΪôܸɳԪ飿м仹һġء
ǡ컯͡Ԫɣ⡰컯ĵӣǶûСԪֵģҲͲɸɱӤһѲ˵ӤҲɱ˵ġ
һƽϲ˵˵ûģԷһǡԪĸֲǰλСʿǡ컯ʵô˵˺ɽׯӵģһˣֻǸݵĸ֡
һһݣǵͷͬ
ڴʱ߳콡˵ҲСֵԲþôأ
Ƕݣ¿Щڵ֣Ʊ롣
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ǿ뼸λǰһɡˣѪΪǿ󣬽ܶȺͶȡǿȶڳˣλǰڴ˵ϲ᲻ͬɣλ
Ҷ֣Ʊֱϵ¶ǿ׳ֱۣȻϸһԡʥչΪϤ
λչһ֮󣬷˵λСΪɫûдﵽֲȼĵزϷԣǴ֮ˣλСʿ
ҲƵΤЦΤүӶǰһ˵ȷˣλСϱۣȻǿȷ޷ǰ㾫׼ڷ
Ҷаϲæȴʵɶðƹ۵ĵӣɱɽׯĵӣпܣٰҵȥɱС󻹹ӰλΪҶɱС񡭡˶ֵܵУݺҶĳҶĳѣüȡҶĳϧΪɱɽׯλӣΤǰ˵ʹλǰͨ죬Ϊһײǣ


273 Լƻ
ҶһʮųԱ㶼¶˼ɫ
ʱ򣬶ɢʯɽׯӵ»ع飬ȻƣȻ˷ܲѣҶ˵ͷҶͷһɡ
˵ǸΤЦͽգڵ˫ϵŸõķһ
ȻΤЦµӵĽ֮ɫЦտһ½⿪ģǶԶɢʯһЦ
һΤЦ컺˵Ȼ֤λС֣˵ˣ֣عݴϢҶСԺе˱ɣҶСѻϷ˼ǰУȥСһ̽ɡ
ˡҶȻ֪ƾ㻳ɱԼȻһɵӣЩԽǻɣԽǰȫ

ſڣϵƷһżٷ
Եϣŷľߣ涼żһıƤмɫʵġƤߡţȻҶ֣Ʊ룬˵УСӥչ𣬶ɢʯĿˡ
徰䱳Զϣ񵭵غ衣
һСȻ鼫泩һһԲ徰룬ɵЦЦʵʲôֱ˵ɣѵңȴһԲܲΪ˵Ȳɣ
徰Ĳ豭һͣһʵȻˣסƴĽѧ˰ɣΪʲôһɱڣҲĹ̴඼
ٺЦļٷͷϱ˱ȣȻˣȻҪĸˡ㲻ãڻţҪ˸Ȥô
ô棿
ˣֻվԽߣŻˤԽݡＮĶˣʲôȤ
徰俴ʵô˵ȷǸҶСʿඣ
ˣô㶼ûô¼ٷȵ˵ҵֵܰ˸Լǽӽˡǵˣǵĺѣǵʦŵӡͳͳҵ
徰ɫһ˵ôࣿ㿴۵ģ
Ǻǣѡеʵ˷ܡܿ۵Ķʵ̫ࡣҶԼΪʲôûһ㿴ЩأȻǸ˷˲ʱ䣬յĸ߶ȣҲǸط֣½ŲϺţʿ֪ˣ֮٣һΪչѸ٣ӦǸأû뵽ȻǱˣһأǿɶ񡣡
ɫһϲ˵һξԲῴۣ⼸ˣ˸ֵܣǸȽϷ֮⣬ˣȫһʱ˽ܣԻ͵ʱǾôԵһƻأ
徰߳ϰ취ôȳΪǵѣȻ󱳺ͱһ
һô棬һȷģһҪΪǵѡһ飬˺ѲУԱҪ飬Ҳ׼һǽܡ
ʹɱСǸһɽׯͻڿҪʧˡЩŵĸǣɲǷͰѾδɱ˻ɣпѾҶˡò˵αװƹ۵ӣƹɽׯ֮ĳͻжδ̫ˣûжǲвԷãùŵ˶²˻ء֣Сʧ󰡡
Ϸʵؿ徰룬ʵôΪô
ѵǣ徰ʡ
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ΣһЦڵʲôΣⲻҸõĿѣΣûء
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徰뿴ʵѵǣ
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˶ΪڵİӷѾѪʱⲻ֪ΣѾ١
Ҫáһɽׯ˰ɱ
һԾӣ˵ȻǡΣˣȻֵϳǻΣˡԴΣգȴ̼ԷʽȻǵﵱȥۿǾӣ˽ǵඡ
Ǹӣ徰̾
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Сڴʱڴϣǰɴ˶ԵУ弫Ϊȣŷһ¯һ㡣ֻҶҲóһĹ֢ķա


274 
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ι
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ֲõƹѡĽμǴαſʱԼ״ֵָ̬ĳѪƿ񹦣Ľʺް
콡һҶˣһϷʵı飬һ˵ֻҪȴСѹ֪˭ˡʱ򣬿ĳǷôԹأ
һƽ˵֪ɱǸˣôԶ϶ʵأô֪СͲᱻɱΣ
콡һЦϣھͿʼôô˵˭пܣǲСʿඣ
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ʱѾȥɢʯɽׯĽ⡢λһ˻֮ǰĶɢʯвλУλȴǱù࣬룬öɢʯȽá
нˣɢʯЦݣ˾Ϲ˵
˷ܵصϢ
Ľ⡢λΤЦһ֣˵ׯУιȻ˽Ϊ˸ŷλιӸλʾһ£֤ԶǾʵ棬
໥һۣ׷ױʾͬĿ֮£ŶɢʯСҲ㲻ʲô
һԵĶɢʯͷ˵Ȼλǰͬ⣬Ǿλǰչʾһɡ
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˵꣬ɢʯǲݵ֭Һƽ赱Уóһ˵λ
˶裬ͬڵĴǰɢʯ˵֪λԸʵߣһѪ
Ҷ˵
콡һ˵˵Լ˳
ԷԲεľٶҲֻҶһЦ
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ɢʯ˵λ뿴˵ѪҺûѪҺҺòݣΪ֤λѪҺ
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˵꣬ɢʯСƿﵹһμѪֱڶ֮С
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ΤЦһ䣬һǿ罫ĹζȫɣӸƿʵĿ˽
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֮ͬǰһɢʯ֣һ룬һѪҺʱڡӰ£ѪҺɢʯǲ˼ųɹȡһѪҺ
˶ŵţѪҺһ裬㱻˳СϣرǰϸơȻٲ˼Ϊĵ콡һƽ
Ѫ裬֭Һ֮ڣ֭Һ֭ҺѪѪ顭
⣬˵ڲδжô
콡һ˵ڲδжֻΪΣʱ䡭
԰꣡Ҷ˵
콡һߣȻ˵Сʿͷװʲô򶨡ţ콡˵ͻȻһ㶣ΪǶͻȻʵһ˻Ȼ
ǡΤЦ˴ʧɫһѪҺǸ裬ΪǴвġ
ްӷ𡪡λһͬţһͬվ
ʼգλɮһֱһδȲʣҲţֻǴʱʵȴͻȻվ붨ѡ
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л֮ðһƾ⣬˵ǺôֱʣȻõϼĵرԡݡֵ˳ֻ¼ΪȻôˣ˼ȸеָе¡
һʱȻȻ˲²ҶҲû뵽Ȼֶ
˵ȶһȺɫУλڵƿɽĴ󵱼ҡɽʵʦǴ˵пü˶Ȭɲݡԡݡô
ţ˵ҩݷ֪ʶλʩͰɡ
ɢʯһϹ˵⡮ԡݡȷǾ˵ɲݣҩҪ̴һȼ֮󣬲ܱյġ
ҩݱȼֻ֮˵Ч˵ģѪĶЧ̼ѪҺᣬס˿ڡţҲûһԭ
һ棬˵ˣҪҩȼʱҩЧӵʱҪһ㡣ȼҩݣͷˣܻһʱ䣬ԱҩЧá
ȻôõҩЧôẦأ׷ʵ
ɢʯһЦ˵ΪɲиԣֻҪҩЧã˵񾭣оʹ޷ָԼ壬Ϊִ֮ˡҩݣǾ˵ҩֿǺ˵һϲˣˣһƤһѪ⡮ԡݡҩЧһӣ֤־ܡ
ɽɴ˫ۣ˵ҵĹԹԣ컹ǿ۽磬벻˵ıȻĲŪôʩ֮˿ǹġ


275 
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Դ۷Ź⣬ϸʵΤүӣ˵⡮ԡݡֵǮжֵǮ
ΤЦһ˵Ǯⶫδ̫ʧˮ׼ˣԴ޸ǰһգЦСֵŪȥɽѣϳɶѳƬǵϽһƥһƥġϽֵĹЧķ˵ıŪһڿ㶼㻻ӣ˵ǵֵǮ
Դһʱ۾ˡ
켣ʲô
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Ͻ˿֯ɣȻ˵ˮ֡ǹ룬ȷʵǷȷֵķһƣҲɣ⻹ֻƷϽлƷƷϽǿɾǱˡ
Ĳ˵ڵҶϾʹһϽƳɵĿ磬ֻҶһֱû¶Գ޵ļ֮⣬˲ö֪ѡ
⣬ұ۶ʹͣĲѵԳ֣Դѵֲ֮ϼɽҲûаƷϵϽˣҪ⡰ԡݡκѵˣܵöٺôһϽײ̫̫Ǯƨ
Դһ˷ܵ˵ѾӣTMDǮɲݰˣһôһɣϽ취ץסǶһ壬һҲŪϽ·λʦŪϽģǶɣ
λɮ˫ֺʲЦ
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ԴŭĸܼŻôĶڣҼ߶Ըڣõ˵ˣҲһαضһ٣һTMDһûɱڻ˹Ҽ߽ôô
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ߣ콡ɫѿתͷȥԼƯСǰԱίʵ޵Ҫ
ˣҲпλҶС֮ǰɱְͽ˵ǡǹ׵ǰĻֻǹۣ֮ҶҲûҶ˵Ĳ


276 Ҳ²
ΤЦ࣬ʵ֣ͽʲôʱϮںδϮأ
ʱϷϵɽׯĶʮ֮ǰصݽ֮ʮٵԵС
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һȰοչȻת
Ҷеǰģɱֵ֣Ҳݺĳң˴δѲҪ伩ãǰΪͽѩޣ

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صסֵ֮ܺͬŵӶۼһ׷ΪҶʾأҶʵûʲôֵصģݺ˰ȻԷ˭²ֱĸоҶʮܡ
ʦֶǵľҶֵھۻᣬ˵չҲÿ˶üͷһƬǡ
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˶ǵͷͬ⡣ֵܼˣһͷڵϣ˭飬˶⣬ǼеһܹʩչֶκĿ꣬Ҳÿֵܶпǵ˵һĿꡣ
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ʲôʱôĵأԴζ벻ͨ
ħš¡Ħ롭ֿܣҲ֮ߣ˹صģ˵׼һʸ̩ŬԺеļ䣬һ񣬼̶ʵߵܣһĽУ֪ôõôٴ̻һнһû˵
ҶҡҡͷԽʱѾһֻǵǸµӽϳ֮ǰδ̵ģȴǲ֪
ˮ˵⼸УµĿСΪǱϾǷ̷֧רɱ˵ʽħźĦԲࡣ
⼸֮⣬һжϣǵĶҲпܲŴɣصɱ֯ΪֻЩɱֵĽвôɴ࣬һǵĽڽϲ֪˲࡭
ţеҶͷʾ˵
ɱ֯ΨһĿܾѪɷˣŶȻˡѪ񡯣Ҳпɱ֯ɵģģѪɷ
ˮֽԼѪɷ֮ĶԹ˵һ飬Ϊͭ⵽Ѫɷ׷ԼԼҶľҲ򵥵˵һ顣
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һ㶣֪չ뵽ʲô
չͻȻ뵽һ㣬æ˵ҷûУҪױеһˣҪǲһҪϸ۲ԼҪױĶŲᱻ׷Ҳ˵ԷױߺƱ룬ֻ˵ԷʮֵϤйֱӵĽӴ
ȽӴҶֽӴ֣Ʊˣ
Լһֵ֮ܺͬ⡭
ƺʣһƽһˡ÷ѩԼˣǾֻԼƹĽȻˡ
ѵǣԴһɻָָԺסһˡ
⻰ɲ˵
Է̫⣬Ǽ٣Ӱ춼ΪңЩܹܵġ
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ǸֱŵĵùһôԴƲ죬߶


277 ٱ
²ܹǲ²⣬ûκ֤ݵǰ£Ҳֻһ˳ߣ±øСĽѡ
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˻ԣ绨˳ᡱǿһûҶŲ飬ɽׯƹ۱ͻ
¼ǰڱЩԲһͻȻͱڸ䱸ɭˡ
ɽׯҶɣȻҲͲȡıʸڵ£ҶȫԼμӱҲľ뱱ڤһ¡
ڵҶ·ţû˼ȥԭҹһƽĵúƵƵȰοȴҶͷ
Сӣô˵һ鷳Ƕˣ㻹ôֵܺͬţҸطһӲôҪǲ㣬ǾӭѶϡ⡮ᡯѾһأжෳƣҲҪֱȥҪȡʤڵĶһǿһҪƣʦֵͬҲӮⳡµУôһͬʱǺöõԼòţֵܣʦӵܣ˭ǲԼһʵô㲻ԼôñȡأסඣҪѧƺͽơؽͬȥӢ۲ɡϻġ
һƽһȴҶЩ̬
ֵͶѾطȥˡһʢһѹÿ˶ûһ˿һʱиʱͶ̬ȣ֮κһζҪ棬ȡõЧʦʱĳɹɱģѹж˳ϲҡ
Ҷһƽط֮ʱȴ⿴֣Ʊڷ̽ͷ̽ԡ
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Сʦɲ֪ȻҵҸϳ˼ţսҼҸ۸ˣ籾Ҳһе֮ڣ˼Ӳظ˳ҵ˳ӣ͵˾⣬ھ˽ӣĳͼԺֱһѻ˸⡭ٸٸ˵ܵĽҵû˱ھʣ¼ʮĶάˣҪǶһеͷҵϵɱˣڲ֪ˣTMD˼ҿŵĹ򲻹ôҵСʦ㷢ȱѧ񹦾ģҸ֣ҶӦеϰɡ
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֣Ʊ۾һ˵ôСʦͬɽ
Ҷޡһ˵ԭһֱûʦٰˣ׼ˣɺ׼һµļ٣ؼƽȥɡͷҸдţԺͿϼسǣΣʱ̣ٶ˻ǲġ㵽һµʱ䣬иҸƹ۽аģһĨƽУȻˣҲɵвģҲΪƹ۵ĵʿǳصġ
֣ƱһæߵͷлӶֵˡ
Ǹ֣֣ɣͷѧģŽԺԼҲһ׵աɾͲ˰ɡͥջȰһҰɽ¿϶Ҫ´ģɽµĳҲǱˣʦɽ֮󣬵һʱؽģպҲɽϲɹͲʱ˵˭˶вƷͿ
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Ҷ˰֣һۣЦѵһ˿ϽģЩ֮⣬ҲŸ߼ѧɡ˵˵Ҫѧʲô򣿡
֣Ʊԥ˵Ҵõˣ˴ȴѵĹ򡭡
ʲô⣿ҶΪԼû壬æ̽ʵֻˣȴѴĹ򣿡
֣Ʊһͷ˵û⹦Сʦ֪ҵԸ񡭡
ţ֪սթСô
Сʦ壬лƱ䡭
νˣʺԼѧˣʲôҶʵ
֣Ʊ˷ܵشӻͳһҶһȣ˵Сʦ뿴Ҫѧľ
Ҷһһ㶣ⲻ֮ǰðɱ˵ǻ쵰ʹõ׷궤ôô뵽ðˣ
֣Ʊٺһ֣˵Сʦ壬һֱڷɡ밡ð䲻⣬䲻ȡʤҲýžռ˱ˣҾܡԵ
ҶһֱˣЦаӣյгϢ㿴˼лư֪ܶ£СTMD֪ܶ޳ǰɡͳԸ񡭡
ҶһĴȣ˵㲻׷궤룡
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ɵƲҪӸʲô氡үǸµͷȥʹȥ
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278 ѡ
Ҷ˰޵ʱ䣬Ŵߣǿ֣ƱǸƤҩľ
ʱڻ԰д̫Ѩ
ĵ̫ˣҶֲһй滮мɵĺ꣬һ°ǰ֪أһ˹ҶץϹԼ֪Ȱʲô²źá
Σأֵܶƴֽ˵չʱҲһԣﲻ֪ʲô飬ǽζʱʱİо
Ҫѧַٺ٣⻹򵥣Ұʱ˵ģȴһһϢԴޡ
㣡Ҷ̧ͷһĵʵʲôʱᰵˣ
Դһۣ˵ǲģʦ˭
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ԴһԴᣡ
㳶⵰ʲôչҶͬʱ˷ۡ
ǲôһ˰ԴЦ˵ʦ켣Ϊ˲ӣյһٶ˰ϵĹŷأռǽһǰ󡭡
ޡҶһĭ˹ȥ˼ȱ£ʦҲⱨӦ
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˷ϸţ
ҶδɣһԵչʵǲǧǰʮ֮һô԰ġ԰ʮɣַųǹ󣬵ȴ쳣һûأöҩ͵Ϯַʤİ֮š
֮Բʿڮ٣ΪΪҲִ٣书ȱʧأû䣬ֱȫ伣ˡ벻ɰĵİַǣû䵽Լ﷢󣬶Ȼ˵ʥǰʼδעҪɳ׸ˡ
ҲעѧҪؼգд˵ˣҶĦȭƣ˷ܲѡ
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ԴڨЦһ˵⡭
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չ̾˿˵ʲôߵܸ㡾򹷰ʱûϷŪ㣬㳶ʲô࣡
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ʦΪʲôѧ¼ĺҲһʰҶ벻ͨʵ
ʦмɻ䣬˴еҸɣ¡˷ϸšʦ겻ɢ
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ʦˣҶ̾˿ƣ˵ϡ
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ʦǲϣܲȥ̽Ҷʵ
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չһȥ͸Դһӣǳҿ뷢ˣƷıƲĶʯǹȥиãƵܴ򿪣ôҪȥǸȥһ̽
Դޱͷܣչ׷ᡣȻһһŵľ٣ѪѾлָӰˡ
۲ǸƱŪװַôǶ˵°ַ֮߷壬ڵŶ֣ǿһʯͷܴĸֶΰ
ƨҿĲŵĹƣȱ
ᰡǵعĹѨ

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˵ҶȴĦ°ͳĬߴﹾתţȻԴ˵ǴܵعҶ㹻Ȥ
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ϾһȽϾԶ£ǰҪһЩĶ֣Ʊˡ
ȥӹѧе֪ȫԴơ롱ǡ롱ҲǵҶ׼֣ƱѧСӾ̫ա̫ǣûдڳɹݹнӹѧоûơСɵԳ֮Ϊǰİˡ
Ѿ˼ҶҵһǷ֣ƱҪ˼Ķˡ
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ѪСɾѩ˵ġ׶ΪףҴͶַȡʤҲͿ׶صʹðΪ仯˺͹Ī⣬ʹǵͷţȻĵʵǲɶüȹֱ仯һŰˡ
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պѰԦ˷ǿ֣Ʊİ
ֹš׶İԴڣֱӽѩ˵ġšȫڸ֣Ʊ롣
ġ߽׶͡ơǻƼƷѧǸ߼ѧ֣Ʊġϼ񹦡ǿԬ־ġԪʹѧɾͲԬ־ԶԶѧĴߡѩˡ
ڲľһ߽
뵽֮Ҷ˻֣Ʊ룬棬īֽ׼׵ӣһдһ߸֣Ʊ뽲⡣
ֵ֣ܿʱ˹֣һһ̾ѡ
֣Ʊ۷Ź⣬궯ѡ


278 
֣ƱһԣҶȻõġ߽͡׶ͼκͽ˵Ӷˡ
Сʦ壬⣬⣬Ǹҵô֣Ʊ뼸״Σ˷ܵҶ
֣Ʊ˷ܣΪͼϵʵ̫Ưˡ
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ǡ߽һѵĽƳɣβɽͷǽ⣬ֲ棬Խ⾹档ֻһ֣Ʊܶ϶Ҫһ壬һ˿㱻Ϊ
ͼıСдš߽ݣ֣ͼĲϣҲӦ꺮ƳɣԱ֤䵯ԡѷͭĸϻƽƳɣѽͨƣ֮ʱãʹýиӻС
µǡ׶롰߽ͬԼ磬׶ɰΣ˷ֳ˫棬ÿһ涼һ̡ҲǸ⡣
֣Ʊһۿ֪ǱＶģǽķ̶ȣǵơ
Ҷһ±ʣһ˵С˼̫ؾصʽķӡһ׵ǧ򻯣ĪѧΪһŽһŰһƷܽմ죬ұ֤ôһ
Ҷһ֣һдõؼɵ֣ƱһƤơ
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ˣСʦ壡֣Ʊ˷߬ͼֽؼҲ֡
Ҷ˵ͷд¡šһʣīɡ
סšѩ˵ԭһЩˡʩַȫʣµֻѩȫ书ѧ˵Ҷġš߶Ҫѩ˰֣߳࣬Ʊֲ飬Ԭ־ѩ˼׾ٵ顣
˶Ľؼ׶ؼҶЦ˵Сӣôؼıʱɲ࣬Ҫѧᣬѧ߰㣬ѧͲʺ㣬ͱָõˣ֪ô
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Ҷһ֣غ֮£֣ƱһɣֻصҶǰ
ҶЦеش֣ƱĻ߽͡׶ͼֽ˳˵ⶫɲڸ㣬㲻֪ƱǱǱŪˣֻ»Сڻܴ㡭
֣ƱƤЦ˵СʦӢҸղ˻㡭
ҶЦЦ֣˵׶ƷҲΪҪ߽ˡպʹҪСģ
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Ҷһ߿µʰīһЦֻҪ֣Ʊʦŵⲻ䣬ʲôкιϵԴ޵˵ͷҶּЦ˵ղ˵Ǹع֪λںδ
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Դ޸ƵϴôСǻȸԾ
ҶʧЦʵ磬֪ǵطôʱɲ࣬Ҫƹȷҿܻߺܾõġ
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Դ޺ٺһЦ˵ȥ̽ʱʱ֪ҵһƹģΪͼǡͭλãҵǡ˷ϸšĵعصظҿզզΪҲǸͬһطأ͵ϰϵǸͭСĸ͵˳еû˼ϷŪΣصʱ򣬱ϰüƣҸץסˣǲʶһҶˣ̸Ͷˡ
ԭˡҶһȤţԭϰ˸ץе˼ô˵Ǵعھˣ
ûçɽɽӴ󣬵θӣɽݺᣬ˵֮ʦĹż׷鴫˵ֳʱ䣬ȷˡ˷ϸšɵȷλãʱ䣬ɽҵǴصãԭĵ֮£⴦عѹأ裬ƼΣʱʱνǡ
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ҵȥϤ׼ϣɢʯ˵
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279 һ֮Լ
ʸ̩ҲҪߣԴæôĸҲҪ߰䲻нȻô
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ܹӰ졮һɽׯˣֻһǷǸˣһƹˡ
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ЩˡҶ̧ͷЦЦ㡮һɽׯ鷳ҲĿ֮£νɣ䵣Щ֪ʲôʱŻᷢ飬۵¡ŬһãλŬŬ״̬ǡһɽׯǡᡯѪսɽǵع̽գǶʵһ
˿ΧҶ˵Ȼ֪һɽׯʱˣɸ˳ȥڱ֮·϶һȴǱҪġ
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ҶЦǺǵ˵ȻҸɶˡ

һ˿ϵĿǽһº˪ͼԱ߹һ̵֧ĺѡ
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Ľطһϣָᵯһͨͨš
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һתŸոЩ˷֮ɫСӣȤֵⱲӻûٵľɣҪεֺ

ǡһɽׯֺˣʱ˱ǰǰزٳֱָͣĽ죬˱ѡһɽׯĽΪɽׯһֵεˣҲˮǴߣһˡһɽׯĹ֮һһ֧ڽŲС
һΣɽׯھȻɽׯ˴鷳ׯԼżСԮ
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̧ͷԶ˿˵յӦֻһ첻ľˣǽų̹죬ӦþܵĽˡ
ΡһɽׯһʮˣӳԪ֮⣬߻ŰƲĽͣһɫİ°׿㣬峤۾䣬һǲɶõĸ֡
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Ϊ׵Ǹζ۴󺺣֣һӵһݵĻ⼸һðͷû˵ϴܳһʮ塢Сӣһһĳµشȵ߾ߡ
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281 
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Сͨ죬ҪҸطȥˣ˺˵ˣﻹҪҺӡ
˷ϵ֣һСӵļ˵У׼öˣ㿿ߡ
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ǰ·м˿һ˸ߵӣNNɪɪǰĴӵͷһһٿƣӲŽ˵°
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װɶ۴Ĺֽһժ¶µһֻ۾ߴﹾһҷ
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282 
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ȥĽǰƤЦǰţĴӵͶһԣҴȥϹľǡһɽׯĽˣÿһ˶еż񰡡ǼλүǸλ·ֿ֤ȵʧ˿Ĳ࣬Ǽǿ˶࣬ǵֿ·֤һ·ͨ谡
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һҶָӴ䵱ɵġʮһġӢɽڵġ罣÷ϵġǽȵȽһʱ֮䣬ƹЩӶ𽭺似ֻŬҪֻʱˡ


286 ˵
Ҷһָ㣬ǽ书ÿӣָӵȱ㣬ҪǿҪע⡭һʱ֮䣬ڵóϷΧ۵λֵҲǶҶļ֡
æһ֮ҶһȴǴһЦ
Ҷ֮ȴĿЯֶ󻹸šСϳ㶼Ҷȡᡱһ
ʱҶڸµ־ѧһʱЦӯӯشһߣƹڲĽ
ԭΪҶֻǽһѧЩӣû뵽ҶȴͨȻԵĲֱͬÿһȫͬ־ѧһԿֵ˵ɵۡ
˵һʦܹԼͽسĲͬʩ̣λСʿҶԲǴ۵ļȴܹ˴ѧһǸԶѧⶼһʦһϵڵʩҪ̫ˡ
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ĿֻǸ̾;ȣһߵȴ۵׾һʼϺĲ²⡣Խǲ²⣬бԽǼ
СʿԴѧǲ̫ܣ˵õĳЩ޵ĴУҲΪѧ̫̫ӣһϵǾСʿҵĳѧ֮ĵط
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һǫã˫֮Ǣֿ
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ʱҶһϯ֮ϣѾ˲ٵĺѣȻҶһɽׯ˾ֹ֪һЩĽʶ˵Ľʿв˲塰һɽׯǰء
Щ˰ɹȵһƽϽãһ·ǶǸϣ˫¼֮󣬱һ˻ܻϼңҼˡ
лĿΤЦͽܣ˫ۣҿ콣ֵܣͰصڵĸ
ڶ̸࣬Цò֡
ȥ̸ˡһɽׯˣڸ̾Ҷϴ֮ҲȰ⼸ֵܣúǰһɽׯ˵֮ɵϴҲĪҪһʱ֮£Լ˴
˷׷ױʾǡһɽׯ֮ʱң˵ͣԴǵ˵Ҷִ֮У޹ܸ಻ƽĴǡһɽׯĳѪ岽ҲҪ֪е
öһû˵λݵһɽׯʲôڰȻôľΪҶͷǵ˵ƴĻ˴һ⽫ʮѵУϽһƽԡһɽׯɱҪһǷȫУû뵽Ƽˮ˹֮ģ𾪵
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ҶѡŽˮΪģΪԼֵܣ
չͷл⣬ֵҲʼ¶ĸм֮顣
ʱԶһɽׯĵӣ˹˵ϲҶӶɽׯٿ칦磬ڶӢǰΪӰ佱
˶Ҷһͬ壬Ժ߻ĵСʿˡ
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һʱǼž
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Ĵһ˦¶İɫװĺӧ󵶣ݣЦλֵˣĳ͸λֵһͬʶʶһɽׯӢ۰ɡ

㳡ͨһƬֵĺ
ɽׯطȴ㾲ɽׯԱ󲿷ֶ˹㳡ۻȥˡ
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ʱ徰룬һɭܵ԰֮УһűֵĴĦеĽĿصȴš
һ徰Ĵ󡭡
徰˫Ŀ˵һΣӣ
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徰һɱһţһĨЦߣȴش
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ߣҷϣٻˣ

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ٻᣬ徰Цվֱӣˣ
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˵˲ãȻͼɽׯׯΤЦ죬Դֳӭлдµλɮӭû취Ӷĸ߹ˣæɽׯһǰ
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˹Цӯӯ˵λϵĳ˵Ĺʽ·żλᣬ᲻ɣ
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˿Ե֮ΤЦ˿ſݶԲѵڣ¶ǼΪġһɽׯ˻󶯸λ𣬳ͷǸǣеСʿ׼˵ϼûȴһɽׯ˷ͬʱһӡ
Щɽׯ˲һɽׯιΪԲѾأдüΪأ˿ž͵Ĳѣȴ֪ڵŹıȻ
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ΤЦ칰˵лΤׯշһɽׯպб𡣡
ΤЦҡ
Ц֪ĳܷʶһλݺСأ
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۾һһá
øɷǡʲСʿε¼Ƿйأ˶·ϵʯĶִڣĸ


287 
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ġһɽׯôˣǰǹӰȥˣʲôʱҲأһҥܣ
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ʱֳռΪ˷ң˱ɽׯĵϯλ˵ע˵ΤЦ͡һɽׯϣϵĲͲһƯĹ컨䣬ÿӱǣȻµĴš
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288 
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290 ɽ׼
Ȼüͷһ壬Ĭ
Ҷ͵һȺûϹѡӦʱȫûĬԣȫ͵ˣµͻΪֱּһȫֵεĶ飬ԴΪģսʥء
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ҶУ֯һ˶飬绨ɢʯԴޡˮԼɡ
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ʦ˵ҪȲػʦֻСԡĵرãޣҲǳڵޣǿ൱ڹڵޣ½ѾʮɽвټҲǼѵõˡɢʯ˵
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÷ѩͬһկڡᡱȴʧ˵Ͻ÷ԼĽãҲǱҪμӡᡱĺǧ·ϳЩ⣬Ϣ÷ѩһȥæ˵ʮʱ䣬ֱʱһ
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˵һǼźֱӻƷһ뿪ƷԼĹң˺ôһʲƸУԻȡһԻȡһʥصƣֵʥء
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ҵվƨϵƳһۣЦŴܣǲܵˡҲ᲻ǹӲдĴϣֻһһεĴһ뵽ǸıСʦܣҵһʮ㡣
вмĿһţ˵Ȱ棬һĹִҪ֪ʶʱΪܣǸʥŵһν֣ȸӦµľٶʧĸʥŵΧԱڲʵû¶ʥŶĻֻۣǼ۷־ܴģνġһħǰοʮͷѣʵֲˡߣҸһΪԸʬҰĽ֣
ħˣȻħˣ㵱ĵذĸף裬ԴԼҲΪĸ׶ѣֺγг˵Ĺ֮飿
ҵ˵˵Щһתʦŵģ˵ħŵǿ֮󣬻ø˷ܰɣ˵ʵұѪڲѡ֮ҷ֮ޣҷҶħһһֻأħֻиʮٱĴۣϴɵѪ𣡡
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ḧһеĳЦԭѽԭϸô֡ңС¡ҵ彣ŷ̧ͷ˵ỹĺܣħ˶ЩǣǱ֤յȫգ
һЦΪģһѬ紵滨ľʱݻƣŷһ˲
ЦţĩȻ˵ãúãȻ񣬹ȻĶӡЦһֹȻȻˣҵ㣬ΪĸףΪʦұһ졭

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ʱϽ֪˹ɽ֮ǰͷ磬ɽկڵдСͷ춼´ۻᣬֻ˼СͷĿɽһҹ֮ȫɽɽկֵǮõĶûߣٴҴң֪١
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ҪٴδľؽͥЩ˵ĽֻǵʱסԱ
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ҶʱҲԴмѡ
ǵֻܴͨĶʯţ浽ײʲôأԼǰġ˷ϸšżǸʥ޷򿪵ĵع浽ʲôıأ
ҶǰʥأʱܵõκαʥյĳɼӰ졭


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ܹѡʹһ˲ţҲ˵żܹĵӣעΪ˲֮һܹΪ˲ɵӣҲһֵҫǰ;顣
ʮ˵ĳͷߵУһ˺ȻһЦ˵벻ɽĵӾȻƹѡеġʹ֮¿һᣬǱǰɱΣͬλຣºȻлʱˡ
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˶ˣܲ
ϴ˵վţͷչȥķᣬɽõһ·
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δ߶ԶԶѾˮ

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˱ͦ˸߰һʮ󺺣̬뺷ʿ
˵ģǸո˵ˣǸŻ꣬ͷ߹ڣۣǱףƲֻ۾óϸ˼黫ǵĸо


004 ϼս
ҶһСõĸͷĿӦϣ˫Ŀһ䣬˵˽СãɱҴ˵ôȽˣȻ֣˺֪ͨ˸ʬ
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Դü裬վ绨Ҳ࣬ˮվ绨࣬һߵס˳԰˵ĳ
Ҷеħ֣ˮĸֺȻ֮УħסСȣֱ˦ɽ˳԰ﾫȺһʱ
̩һգͷ绨ʨӺ嵱ĳ԰촦
̩ġ쵶󣬲ʺǰ߽սʺںǼ©绨˲סĵˡ
ҶвӦϵǡôȻһ˲ȫ赲ס˳԰ķˣѹ˶Էһͷ
绨ȳһӣǰһ԰б룬Աߵġͭצһȣ׼ᣬһצץ绨࣡
ͭצϮͬʱĺȻ󾪣ԼһץԷţץ˳ʱץеϣȻԷƤûдơ
绨һЦֱץס˶Էͭצʱ󺧣ʶһȴûֺ


005 ֮
кô
ĸд뷨ʱ绨Ľˮͬһ㣬赲ǰĲӰֱӳĵǰΪ½һ㣬һ̬ޱÿȴڶޣ¼ȺȻȴεؿŽˮһĿڣ
ˮһߣ۵һѪѱˮһȫ飬ʬԭٿȻվȴ绨һ߷ɣһ԰ﾫײȥдһĹǶϽ֮԰Һ߶һѾ
¡һ
ͬϡһõʬ壬һײ˴вգһ޴ĺ
ͬһ죬ȴǴӴڷһӰƿնľм𣬿ȵĸ˵Ҵҵˣ
̧ͷһֻһž׳ֻһʮ׳ƿŭĿԲֵңƿڴ
ٰ
԰˴ϲе
Ҧ
ֻλֲһɫĶ棬Ǻ쾳еĸ֣ѷɫҶ˵ĸ֡
ҦڼȺ֮ǰ˫ĿŭĿҶˣմѪָҶ˺ȵһȺҪĻ쵰үүÿģƫң´ʧǶø
̩ǰһŭʵҦץŮģ
ģҦϵѪĨǰаЦ˵֮ĶȻǰƻˣ㲻żͼˣ
ʣ
̩Ŀѣ벻ԼһĿԵСãôɥһС̩٣̡
Ҷ˸ͬܣɱ㣡
Ȼ䣬ҶͻȻһЦͬʱеһ˿ٿȻ֪ԼеħҦͷ˳
ڳ԰ɭȻעӵĿ֮£ٿֹЦݣɭɱȻҦǺǣϣҦʢֻֻôһӣעҪӾˡ
԰ɫ䡣
Ҧ˫Ŀ׹䣬ƾ㣡ֽӹǵݹıҶͬһʱ̣԰ڶҲЭͬҦ׺ɱ˹
ҶɭȻ˵ɱһ
ʢŭ֮£Ҷ潣ҪɱҦȻһ̩µ߳˳ȥȵߵܣ磡
Ҷһ̩ѾҦ֣ǸơѾԼֻ֮սͬʱ̩ȵ磬Сġ
Ҷʳָ͵һľһƷ磬ǽƷ磬һ󶴣Ҷͬ뺣ƶ룬ֽٴǰ̣˲䵽ǰ佣ǰһʣһһ顣
һ벻ԼġơȻöԷһָγɵϵ嫵Ʒ˲ûôҪ֮ʱԷ죬һѾǰԭŷĵڶƣ˷ǰһӣһǽǰγɣҪסҶ
ҶһЦƱѽӴһ
ֻһӴвףһɲղᣬȴ޿ɿֱֱ۵ľȫɢָоԼɿʯһƣȴһöΪĸһ㣬ԼԽͣԽԽݡ
ֻһ˲ǵĽ㳯Լȥ
˲ɢȫˡ
ٶٿ죬ôҶ
Ҷı佣һ𣬽ѽǰֱ׷
һҽУۣۼ֮У˽һѪɣ˲ֻʣһɾı۹ǣѪⱻƬøɸɾ
̾ʹʱ˹ȥ
Ҷһ飬ĲҽǰĲó԰жʱһݣǰЩ˾ͨĴ˵ӣʵɲ⣬ǴΪĵս
д԰ﻨѾʵõ鱨УȻûЩ˵ϣǷ·ϵһ˲һ֣ʵѲڽ֮£ȻգԼһһλ̫ˣ
һһϣ
һ̩Ҧŭ˷ʲô԰ӣҪЩȫ
ɱ
ǣϳǹģǸ޸ˣԼߡ԰ľڣһųҶ
֪һ޴ӰһУһȼźɫĽɫ͵ؾ԰˺Ȼرܡ
顪
δϮ壬͵봬壬صĴװ屻䴩һ󶴣̼䣬Ϊģװ屬ɫ棬ͬʱһŭ߱𣺡췭ظ
䡪
ɽ緢԰ﾫǸоһͬʱҵ˲մȾ˽ɫĻ棬ڿճ˻ˣ
ֻСǣϳǹĺǸʹð޸ˣ𣬱ܿ봬׵ˣ԰ﾫȫ˴ףǻ㣬ϰ԰İͣ
绨ͬһйΧڵг԰ﾫһͬ˴һ㣬һֱĴ󶴳ǰŨ̹죡
绨봬֮󣬷·˽ȺһӣѪɡ
·Ĳҽ绨ĴЦϴͬʱŲϵĺ¡˫ΦͣţȻ绨ڴڿʼ񱩵Ĳ𴬹̡
绨Ҵ㲻ſˣ绨ܹԼҴֵܼĴֻ绨ķ񣬿ò˶ҴҪ뽭ˣ
̣ŭȵˣȥɱ
ҦǶͬеӵоԵָȨǸʹð޸⣬һΪᡢòĿЩŮӣֳֶụ̈ͬһʹõĸ˽˴ա
֮䣬һ󽻻֮һҽУŮõİӱӼװϵǸƶڸ˳Ʋһǰ
԰һ񺮣øĶУ
绨еֻе˺ѣŮʲô鲻飬迼ǡּ飡
ǺһٴκȥĻôҲ˭TMDȥ
ʱԴ޺ͽˮһֳͬ˴յУɱʱսһʱΪҡ
ȻҦ˵ɱСã²ۼôҲ½ۡ
ϻǹһ᳤ǹҪգҶϮֻһǻǹҶ֣׷ˮ뷨
ǺǸò˻һۣЯϣһΧҶҪȽһˡ
书ΪǿгҶĹ֣ҶΧм䣬ȫɱ
Ҷֱ䳤ֵħ湦Ƶ֪֮£һʱγ˽֮ƣ

ҦǡͷҦʢĶӣ书ͬ˵УٮΪȻ˲ݣףޱȣһʤһع̩
ֻǰò˵ĿˣűҪȻͬףųصµȻԼġ˷Լ׳ȼĵһһٶԽ󣬱Խǿ٣γһŵѸ磬˶޷£
ֻû뵽ʱ֣ȻܹԼٵĵҵϲһһɵˣ¶ŵٲͣÿһȷ綼ҦϷ̣ոĺϸɺԣǱɵĺգŪϷ·һ㽬ܡ
вˣ
ҦһŭͻȻУ˷湦Чչһâһһˮͬһ̩
ʱ̩õ˼£һֱֵܵжûһڵڣڵоϣֻ̩ԼԼᣬȻС쵶ĸ߼ؼڣ˵ľֻܽȻõȴ޷ԼᣬҲֻͣ鱾棬ûγԼĶ
̩֮䣬Ҧڡĺö֣ڵķŭ̩ޱϲ״̬У벻ͨĵطɶԷöȻʣ쵶͡ȼľвĵѸ鱾۱˵ʵ˵̩ͨһսõĺôʤȥеѧ飬еµָʹκת֮ʹͰ
ʱҦһͻԣˮǰ̩ĵܵǣҲٿȻһ䣬ϵȳ͵ȼ棬һֱûɵġȼľ߾磬˴ɡ
µϴĻӭͷľˣһ죬š˻һͬˮڳϵһˮڰγɡ
ҦһԼʩչ湦֮£Ȼûжһ˿һơ
ˮԵڵγɣ̩ԵҲضã֮䣬ˮ飬ɫɫĹâڴϲͣһˮڴγɣ֮ٴ˲С

ˮԴһ·׷ɱֱ봬ϵҵС
ƿţɱ׷ɱʮ԰ﾫ֮󣬶һڷһŮӳʬ塣
ŮŭĿԲǻĲʺͺ⣬һƬǽ壬Ȼǰַ
Դ޲࿴һ˦ֽϵסŮȻˣҲҪһ˿ϡ
Դ͵һӹԱһ̴ľ˷飬˫ĿͨҦTMDһҪһһĹͷ㳢ʹ
Դ޷Ҫţȥɱһͷȴֽˮ¹ȥŮʬϵɵûðɵغϰˣTMDڸʲô
ˮɫ䣬һ侲ὫϣŭԴ޵˵ŮСã
ʲʲôԴ޵Ȼ
ղ̫æŮӵ壬Դʶض㿪Ŀ⣬ûϸ۲죬뵱ȻΪСãû뵽ȴϸµĽˮࡣ
æٴβ鿴ȻСõʬ塣
Ȼ֪̬ʣԴ޻ǲɵһ
СȻûҦ޻Ҫйͷȥ
·֤Լôһ㣬Դػ˻üɱûиղŵôˣһһĸо
ˮؿԴһۣ˵߷ģһľһҪɣȻߵԩǻġ
ԴٿȻһͻȻеһ紵ŵһӣ˵ϰˣ㹷յıŻҡ
Ų㣡ˮ˵֮ԹԵţһƲһЦʱ԰ﾫɱ˹Էһץץһݣ˵ţͥŲ߳˷ţͬʱˮе侲˻Сûһڴϣһ鿴һȥ鿴ϣûɱֻۣһ﷭Ҵˣ
ԴԴϰ˵⡾ɽ÷֡ͦŰһ´λ˵ԵԼôûζϰǸĳǸ
֮͵һͣԴתŴϵŮʬݣ˫ֺʲ˵λ밲ģȻ׷ǹʣĳҲһ㱨ˣ˵ҦĹͷ;ʳԡԸǼ֣ҺҲʶʿҲʶһһǹ㳬ȳȡ㣬ǧҪҡ
˵˻Դݵһ£ܳ˷䣬½˴УĴɱ鿴


006 г𱨳
ԭĽϣһ˫Φƻͨɱ죬Ѿڲ֪˿˽ӵ̴һ㡣
˾ԮĴֻѾԶԶ׷ʮҵΦ촬ＲУ
ҹĵƻʮ㿴һ
ò˰Сʱ˵۴ͻϵ˴
绨¹˽ңԴ޺ͽˮ˴գ̩ҦĽ棬Ӵװ˴βĶ¥ϷװҶսҲǳ԰ࡢΪҵĵط
Ҷʱ١ǡϻǹĺ͡۶۷ֵΧǵĽĵǹ˫ذĹҶκεķᡣ
ҶȻΣб佣ڳ䲻֮𣬽˵ıɱΡ
ǴʱʹɡġʵʵҶǰȥ²֮ȷҽͬ죻
˫ָǹǹˣǹ˹Σ͵һ֣ǹٿȻֱһâ»ҶСٶȾȻǵĽһʵǿƶǵ³ϳǹʵ飻
ͬһʱ䣬УŵϮҶ˫ȣ˫һذĹ⣬ҪҶѪܺͽ硭
֣ȺݶٴζҶɱɱ֮֡
ҶǵĽͷ˫ذ佣һâٿȻббؿĵĳǹǹ֮ϡ
ֻһɴ˳һԼĳǹ֮ǰ󡢸棬ֱӹӵ滬жķ
ͬʱȻ󾪣
ȻԾͬʱһšҪתǹͷٴιҶ
ֶذ͵ش̴˼װ壬ֹסǰΣֶذǰӻĳԼǰǹ⡭
͵طеĳǹ˳أԼȻ޷תǹͷ·صȥƲǰأֻðѹȫṦ֮ϣŬϡԾȥԼĳǹ빥ķΧ
ʱ̵ĻؾȹȻԼһֻӻĶذ͵µǰصǹ⡭
һ죡
Ȼ˱ĵĳǹض³ȻһԷǹϴİֱ˼װϡ
۵һѪ˲ˣʱ޷ٶҶвĹ
Ҷáתơһ֮£ĺԾˣ˵ֺϻǶ
ǰһãСʿĽ˹죬Ƭ̼߽˵֮ƣȻ书ߵһʱǲһ˿ȻٿȻһ顣
ʱǵĽҶؿڲ룬ݲ룬һҧСʿôܱȵùҾʮĽһݣٿرУΪʵһ𣬽һתҶʺݡ
ߣҶȻ޾⣬һ΢ЦţͫٿȻһдвס
ֻҶ͵һϵ𣬾ȻõħԼײǵĳ
ⲻԶô
ôô޴أ
УҲӦ׿Сʿ
Ȼе׵ǣȻгⲻ֪ҶҪ顣
ǿ߽棬似֮⣬սҲռž޴ã
ǸһУʧȥ֮ǰҶ˲٣ʱײ˶Էĳ֮ϣһһ½졣
˶вʱȫ𣬴֮£֪ײõ˿ȥŴ¶
ҶƲ䣬ͬһʱ䣬һһǿ£ҪӾ
Ǽ״ɫ䣬֪ԷڶоһĻߣԼԭһն䣬ȫƴҲǻ൴ĺԼԷгı֮ǰٳŪûףһԷЦΪʲô壬ʱУϾȥ̩룬űԷһÿŴ󿪣ʱһϮֺֻݣּԼѾյأ֮
֪ʩѹױ죬°ͬʱˡ
飡
һƺߣҶһţȴԲסɽűľһѪȥ
ǡĺͷһת˲䱻˸ɸɾȻʱ䲻ϣʵһвڵʯһ˲ɣҶʼղУһġ˷һеһ˵ˡ
ʱǺڿУ˵ķƴعһԣҪܿҶķ
ߣ
һȣ
ҶֵħƷҶĿ£ֳɣֱǡĺͷ
˱֮£ͷ޷ı䣬ۼâɵûɢ
ԶԼʱ𣬱Ѿûˣâ˫еĶذڼװһ壬˫͵һӣ˵һصĳ԰ﾫȺУҶһ֮£ȴֻǾסһ԰ﾫСȣ
Ҳǽƻ֮ˣâһһ԰ڱ䵲ǰƷס
ֻĵùҶķ˴ǹ˸ʵ֮£ȴԽԽ
Ҷһȣһͬʱһק˾УҶ˹
ľȣԼ۷ľȻ𲻵ֺֿãԷһקͬߵľżٿȻ˹ȥ
ҶһһȻȥбɹ˲
ٴվҶַѾջأȻһ˦Ʈֱ࣬佣ָѪ˳Žװ壡
ٿСϳǹĵٿȻһ٣ʱȻתοҶıӰ˫ŸһɲǼͻľ޴ʹ࣬
ŭȪѪС˿罦
ϳǹĺ㹾˼֪ԱߵʬǺʱģҲ֪ùİֻǱҶһƺֻһϳ
еȫȻıǵȿɲıһӰеȫѹȥˣ
ԭڵ̿£ʱίˣ˫ֽСǹѾ֪䵽ŨѪҺϵȾһɺ죬ţ鴤ţŬͦȴһθΪҵĲˤ
ϳǹģҶϳ
µǣһϳԼղǸСʿʩչȻһǹһ֪ͬͬһУԼĶϳһУûκεĲͬ
Ȼ˲䣬ǸСʿĽôģ֪ԼԼġϳһǹ֮µġ
ϳǹˣֻǶȴŭաĿ
Ǳ˵
ֶ֪ԸСʿʣµԼ͸ǶԷĶˡ
⣬ôĿŵܣ
Ǻţͬεѵĳ԰ǰ
˶൨׳
ʮӸܹĳ԰֣ʮ԰ﾫͬʣĳ԰֣էŵӣһֺŹҶ
ţСʿҲͬʱɱô˰ɣ
һʱ֮䣬Ҷҡǰǰȫǵݹıͼ˲ȺСʿ
ҶȻһЦֵħ͵Ϸ𣬾סͷΦˣһϵĻأͬһЦУݵһ£ڿն˲˳԰˵Χ䵽˴ϷΦϡ
ڶ԰̧ͷ׷׺ͣΪԷ޵ô˽սȴû˸ҶԷΦˣǸСʿ֣
ҶһȴӱܣΪ˹
Ҷֱַ佣һϵϣٿȻ׹䣡
ҶһЦδܳץסбһԾú˶Ĵͷ£УȺ԰ֻƿʯͷµϣŲ·Ĵӡ
Ҷ½ٶ죬ĳ԰ȫ˴֮£⼸Ǵװг԰Աˡ
Ψԭվ˺󣬼ãֱ˫Φ˽ˮ
ҶһȴҲֹֻߣ
סĳ԰ǾʧŴͼȥĴͼǿġӲ񡱣Լѣͬʱܽʵʮ˻֮УҼ֮£Ȼûһ
ʱҶ˹׼
ۡ
һĴ԰ֿĲǹһĻâֱǶԴУٿȻȥ
ͬģͬ԰֣һ֣
Ҷ佣ڼװϣ˫ֳöͭǮָͨϡҶָԴ֡öͭǮɫǻ꣬ǵص˴䶯Ⱥ
ۡ
ͭǮҶ˫ֻΪһʢ꼻ͭǮͬǹӵһɨ
Ҷ򴬷µȺɨ䣬˶ĵطǲĵطҲͭǮ顭
ҽڶ̴ٶܼɨ£Ѹжϣ
ãһѾûκεѪʪ͸˴˼װ壬˳ŷ϶ƿĵط䵽˴һ㡣
Ҷһ۾ҪʻǰĴ۴п˿ڶ¥Ȼˮ𽻻̩ͣҦˡ
һЦҶͥŲ˶¥
񣬳˶¥ﻹڽս֮⣬˫ΦѾһƬžˡ
ҦɵӣܵĹѾе˲ãʩչҪ̩ľԷȵĵƸ˻һʱá
ˮѾ͸ǲֹǰ󺺻Ľľս亹
ҦѾԼþȴȫ޷ܣ٣ҡ
Ҷվ¥ϣżҦʱ򡭡
䣬䡭
żľǽڵ绨СԴ޺ͽˮգԾ϶¥ҦεΧм䡭
нˮԴ޻ŵûСǱӵСá
ʱС˫ͨ죬Ҧţ·ҪҧԷһ㡣
СüǵãǰˣһȺ˴ԼŶĵĻԸ¶ˣԼĸǰ˴̵׷⣬ɱƴԼҲһ˳ˣܡ
ǰˣⳡجεף
Ҧңң
ֻʵػ˼ε̩һ䣬Ȼһ죬֮£Ҧбһķɣ𣬽һͷë˸⣬ҽУڵҦˮǰ㵹һȻؿסԼ꣡
쵰֪֪˭Ǹһָͷҵͻɱȫҡ
һҽ֮£ҦѾϡ⡪
һѪ绨УջҽţһʼǸ˵˼ûƺãֻȶһָû뵽ȴơ
˷һۣʲôûƺãǹġ
⣬ԸĻ쵰ָ顣
ô죿Դʵ
ô죿Ȼɱ绨µ
ҶȻһЦȴ̧ͷ˽ˮһۡ
ԸһҪɱȻ׾٣ɻֱô԰￪սƾڴ˵ʵǳ԰Ķô
ýˮ£
ˮһ˫ĿСú̬ȻСõ̩ȻӻͳһذףݵСõУСãҪ£Ҵ˵ˣСӵˡҪ£ԹԹг𱨳Ժ£ֵܰ㿸š
СȻ̧ͷ˽ˮһۣתͷﻰⲻͣ磬ã飬̩мһͷսذףתͷݺݵؿҦһ˹ȥ


007 ǱϽ
˵ĵڳ԰˫Φţȫĵзʬռ˴װϡ
˫ΦѾϻ˴ͩ®ǵרͷϣŨصѪζڶ˵զ಻ѣǴӴװ·Ĵ˸ˣһɫ԰ףֱſشڵŻ²ͣ
绨սĵطǸ޳˵׳Ѫˮ飬Ÿɫ࣬õǡ
ǸơʬҵˣĿѪɣǸַȴûҵʬ壬ֳӣƻŮӦñ˵ʬ嵲סҶİɨ䣬ֳ֮ŶԸҦˮܵġ
ҶֵܾͷϣһǰĽͷ
̩ԻС˴ɴ˵ĸֻشͩɽϼӱ
Ŷɢʯλֵ֪ܵѾΣգȴǲзˣȽ类ϣƺ·Ҳһȳһյģ࣬ⱲӶ޷˶֣ϰһЩڹ֮꣬ĵǲõġ
һ֮ݣҲһ
ֵҦϣʹֻʣºߺˡ
Сõ׻ǸŮӣܶҦʹ޷ǳͱĸһֻȥ磬ԼѾԷĲҽŵû̱һˡ
ɱ˲ô׵ġ
ͨɱˣҪһһߣҪɱ˵ͺˣһһ㶼ɱС
˻ʹ޵Сûõûˡ
̩׾߰οŵһ˱֮Ļ
漣أֱ׾ĳŵȴ˾еСüȻᶨ̩ĳŵ˽ˮİţת˴ͩɽ̳
һ۰Ҧˮ˵Ҧ鱨Ѿ洬һ͸ҸˡͬʱҸҲ˻԰һս⣬Сõ鲻ǽ֦ѣԷ˼Ҫ˴ˣҶ
ҦûȻüֵȶԷʵʹ㱻һһʮ˳԰󽭽㴦ϽǷֶ棬ʵ鱨Ҳؽ˳
ô죿԰￪սԴüͷ˵ߵг̵󲻵ãʵڲУƾŹϵЩȸ԰̸аɣó͢ʩѹó԰ﲻ
ˮҡҡͷ˵˲ɣʵû˿صĵطȻΪȥ԰
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ҷʦǹæȴ޷ɮЩˡ
ǻʲô˼ûɱ֮ǰɱȥô绨һȣ˻ŭ
ɢʯ˵壬Ҫÿⶼɱȥ
绨˼Ҷɱˣ㻹Щʲô
ɢʯδ𻰣Ҷȴ۾һ˵٣Ҳû˵
ʲô
ȻԶԡ
ҶΪ˷ܵ˵԰ڲҦʢһ˶ô̲˵ļıӦҲ뷨ɣڳ䲻⣬ɱˡ
Դ޳Ծȵҿ˿ѹ˵ҿǷˣҦʢǰ벽ĸ֣ʮһƴ֮ɱֱǳ룡
ˮҲüͷ˵߸磬˵ûҦʢ书ǿʿ˵еСĸǿػߣÿʱÿٶж˴粽ҦʢңҪɱϼѡ
ҶƲƲ죬˵˵þҪĶҦʢͷˣ겻ԣˮһ
ˮ̾һ˵ҲֻˣҦеһˡ
Ҷվĸո͵ġǧϻµ˵Ҧˣ̸е£ҿͽɡߣȥɵܼ¡
ʲô£һȻ
Ҷǧϻ󣬿ЦҪѳ԰ƻص̸ϣɲһʾġ԰ǰ쵽˹ôķֶ治ϽǷֶôͨǿǸ缸ˣ԰ﴫһȷϢҲǺǵģ˳ҲԷֵϢ
ֵһǴΪ˷ܣֻһĶɢʯ˵ô᲻ᴥŭҦʢԭп·̸иඣ
ˮ˵ӦòᣬҦʢѹͿˡԭļƻһֶܸ㶨ǣԸûаﵱһĵĴ¡ǵĿģʱҦʢһӣҰļңǴˡǴԽݣǲǣ̸вܸһЩ
Ҷ˵ͷǰľǰʱʷϵĿMԮCͬ⣬Ҫоϵʤ̸ϣиҪ롭
ܷ԰ƽȵ̸ǰͿԼǶȵ첻ˣ
ߡĿϽǣ
ʱܲһƬ
ͻϮ֮Ҫľʱ䣬ԷǸǺ͡۶ѣߣû۴£Ҷ˻мĿܸϵͷǰϽǵġ
ˮк׼һ촬Ϥˮ·Ĵ˲ٴٴҹϽǡ
촬˳ʻȥ
һ˳ʱ˱ѾϽˡ

峿ʱ֣촬ٽִϽǡ
ֻˮ飬Ҫô˵ĴֱϽǿٽϰ½·Ͻǡ
Ͻǳ԰ǰأȻԴѾսˣ⴦ֶȻԴ˵˴߶ӣǴд˱־ĴֱϽǿֵܼһϰԷļ֮УԷֱӹڼͻϮް
ǣҶİ£ֵܰũڳЩ߲ˣװ˽˵ũڶǵȺϽǡ
ϽǱϾǴˮϵϵҪУڳ˶òװ֪ã
ǽߵĽˣȻ潭ˮʱ䶼ݣȻϤ߸˵԰Ǻڵɣ²أ⼸ƾӶֶζڻ˴ƻǽҪݵ㣬Գ԰ļڣصˣ⣬԰Գܶ˶ó԰ķչǰ
ԴСĵĴ俴źɫͷĳ԰ڣЩ˿ع
ЦֻǰϽÿ˽Թϵл𲢶񶷣˲ˣֻҪӰ첻԰͵طϵɣǹٸɷε̬ȣʵȥܡ¥ƹݺͶĳȵطûе˶ȥӡ


008 
ҶЦҲãԽҾԽ
üͷҶ룬˵԰Ͻǽֶ棬ԾҪڹϷһѵصİɾûʲôô
˵С˻治Ͼ⼸һֱݣ԰ΪûнҲûر鱨ռЩץϹ
ˮ̧ͷĴһ£˵ǲǵ̻᣿
Ƶ˵ͷ˵˵̺žǰ治ԶĽϡ
Ҷæҡͷ˵Уȥ˵̺ţѾǳ԰ص㶢ŵĵطˡһת˵˵Ҫϵˡ
˲֮£ҶӲڿġǧϻóһźɫɫСƣǡ̫ͼӡǡ
ҶһȻٺһЦ˵ǵ͢£Ѧر͸ҵĶ൱ڳ͢ʲôǳ͢Աˣûٺ»ܵ͢˾æﲻϣռ鱨ǿԵġ
һɵôΪ˷ܡ
Ǻǣǿǻʵүӵ˰ѦǹġԴ޿۷⣬Ľѵ˵ҿ켸ٵģͷǸ缸ȥˣˣ
һȥԲĵҶЦ˵Ҹط·
һΣĴ˵ӲƺһϤϽĵӣҶˣ˸˸˽䣬ɾػ·³ֽϵļˣһڴĽͣЩǰͶЧ԰ʿûκεĲͬ
һҿջһСԺٺ֮󣬱̽Ϣ
绨òʵ̫ע⣬̩ȲԸǱµ̵ʱ򣬺˵˵Űѵһ¡
λɱԣЩı֮ĶҲȫȤԶɢʯ̩绨Уĸ˿ջҶŽˮԴޣǸ·Ĵ˵ţϽǽһҿľƼ֮С
Ҷǽӡ֮ҶûһͬƼңװʶֱ¥ռӣΪǳʱӦǱһ򾡡
Ҷͽˮ¥λ£ϰں˰ţȴ˾̽š
Դ޺Ǹ˵ӣбԽǡ¥ݿڵλá
Ҷһţֵᵶལʿ
ĴǎϽԺӵͨΪҪΪʮιͨţʯĴ֣ݰۣСɷ״֣ͨһжȻ
ǰԶǳ԰ķֶڣֶѡַ˸;լԺ¥ĥשߣԺ໨հ꣬սĺۼ
кӵ䣬裬ϸˮһ
һӶʮҵĳ԰ӣŶ飬ʮشӾ¥·ֱ԰ֶ档
©֮㻹ûеϽǡҶźȲڻ˵
ˮ˵ͷ˵ǿ촬Ǿǳ˴ҲҪ֮ܵʱΪִ٣Ӧò½·Ͻǣֻ»Ҫһչ⾰
ʱ㹻ˣ
Ҷ˵ͷ˼ƽϡ
Ҷ·ϲϽ԰ٴɵü˵԰չѸ٣շһ㣬ֻôһṦ򣬱аǰȥӦˡ
ˮЦһ˵Ҧʢôʵ͵̫ӣϣܹƵס⼸ҲʵĽ׶ΣҲ飬ֻһոҵӵܣ԰ʳƷƴѪΪעԼİڻݬ룬޹ֺ԰Ѭ졭
·֤ˮĻһ㣬ͷͻȻһֵӭ׶һ˹
շǼȢĺ
ǰ棬ǻΣϲУ˸߲ҵ⡣
ҾŲ֣ź¡ͷĳ԰ҲУҿʼ򻨽νӽ
ǰֵ˷׷ױƿЩҪһЩˣæܿ
һֱû⣬ȻЩ԰֮ɫˡ
Ϊһ԰СͷĿԽ߳´ǸһۣЦǿɳöôѿ
ºԴЦһ˵ԲΪòӾǳһЩҲ⣬Ů˸պþ෴
ǸСͷĿЦǲ²¿ƯƯ
ڶ԰س
Ҫϼôѿˣ
Ҿ˵һҲеɸߡ
һЦµȥһˡ
԰ǺȻӿǰȥƿԵѾ
ɻæ԰һȭߣʱڵ
ʧЩ԰ǹЦڶ·˶Ǹŭԣļ԰߸¶Ϊ˷ܵɫЩҲʲôûɫ
ͷĳ԰СͷĿƿӵĸͷֵܴЦż˵öԣֻôѿŮ˲ſϼλѿɹ٣
ЦУЩ԰ȥվǱߵæɢֻһӭ׶飬ǸɫɺͿ޿ӡ
ڶ¥Ҷ˽ЩǶӳ԰תȥҶŷн߬ŵļӡ
ӳ԰ֻ캦ôûŪҶ˵þ㱩¶ݣҲҪ⼸
԰޼ɵϽԭİͲǲͻôҶҧгݵ
⣬ˮȻشˣشҲǲ²⡣
ʵڲú˾˵֮󣬷ŵõ˴𰸡
ȴе˼Ȼ⴦ƹݵĵС
Сǡ˾ˣƹݣʮˣǳ͢͢ξİ׮
ش˻͢ںڵǺڵɶעĺܣÿɸС˾İ׮١СװˮЩϣطϵİҲǸŭԣ԰ʱбصİǷͻһҹ֮䣬˰ᣬ԰ּݣ˶ǸСһСʮˣȫ֮󵱵صİɻ϶Ϣģ͵ˣ
ֽŵˣҶѯ˳԰鱨ССףԺ󡭡
С֮󣬲һƲ˱棬ͬʱһֽҲҶ
ҶɫԱ֮ĸִݵػת˿ջ
ڶŵСԺڣ˽͢ξṩ鱨Ķһ֮󣬱Գ԰Ͻֶʵȫˡ
һ˵Ĺע
ֲ⼸ϽʿѰĶ࣬ԭ첻ǳ԰հڡѪϽֶὭͯұİʮ٣Ҫ԰ϵϵʿأϽôֺġ
ҶٺһЦ˵Ǹϵˣóλͯұү͵ǡ


009 α
Ὥͯұ룬ǿߣԹųƺΪὭָ֣ҲʤöˣӹģҲλͯұˣΪֻıһľ춼Լϣһһ졣
ͯұʮ꣬ҲѾʮ⾰ˣǳ԰еԪϼǰнڡѪĸ֣վȻڴ˶Եеĵ£磬Դ˵ӵ˼ߵĳ̶ȡ
ҲǣƾͯұǿݣԽ˺ɨôὫһֶûеĵطɷأ
ҶԴ޵ִ԰ֶſڵʱҲΪֵ龰һ
԰⴦ֶѡַڳǶһС֮ϣռؼ㣬ģһȥľ䷿岼ǧ
ŴĹ㳡УӴĲ߽դɻƣյ֮࣬ԻĿյ硣
صıͳĴѵŮڱУЦ֣ʤա
ڴŵƽʣȫк͡
ſӭӵİڣϰһ֪ǾϸѡľҶԴֱӾһģ£ֱӽڶѻɽһڣصĽǰһݣ¼ĳ԰ʦү۾Ѿ˹أһǸӵĶˡ
λʦүҲȻ֪λǹֱЦӯӯŮ˹ϯҶ϶һŮƵ׵ע£ͦصؽ˳԰Ͻֶ档
սˮ뷨ֵ˷ֳ飬ҶԴװĳСӵܣ;Ͻǣύһ
ҶĲ˵ʶ˼ҵĶ֮ھϳǻױлͯλ֮Ǽӵеһڶ֮һ˾˵棬лư˽ᵽɽѧԺѧϰ
ױʶһģҶԴޱԳǶ˼ҵӵܣԴһڵ嶼ΩΩФ
ͯұ벻԰֮԰Ҳڵɵֻɵլ㾡ݻ¡
ǰò󣬿ռߣװλƸȵϹڵĵͿŽ۵ֱݶе˵Σ微ǡա帡Ҿߡξǳ
ǰôϰľϯǧ˵ıͣҲû˼ȵĸо
˱ǸĵŮţûͣԽȣֱֻӴҪĺá
ʱڰ˽ʮϯ־˰ٶͣǰͬĿռ䡣
ܱŵõıϽͷֻò硣
ҶĿһɨ㿴ȺװȸѣĿŮһȺߡ˸鹫ӴӵЦȻϽĳЩеǧҲ硣
Ůȷʣòˣμ˫Ŀ޹תǹ꣬飬ߴ𣬾ֹǽ̬ǧͤͤѩ˭ܲΪ֮ᡣ
ſڽòһͻſŮ۾ɵһڿЦŪҶԴ
ԴЦ˵ιСﳯЦأ֪ļҵǧˡ
·ŮԻͷЦŴλүĻλСݿɲһ㣬԰λϽ׸ǧһλĺýãλǷǸŵĵӣ书ף۽Ҳ߲ʣΧôүǵķۡҿλӲʸӮ˹ءŮ˵κһ˫۳ζȥдͯұеһŮ˷ˣͯӰԲԵ
˵Ż˱Ѿ˺֮УŮҶԴû߹ȥ㶼ЩʧͬʱоȻһ˿ɫ
ЩǸŵӣԸ߰ѡǸף˲ͬģϾǸϹϵǿĺ¡ҲǸŵЩ˵Ը񣬼ȻԼǣȻ΢ŭ
ҶԴ޶ȻԸЩŮʲôǣ޶֮£
õŴһʮ˵Ůˣͷ٣խ£ȹվࡣ
áѡġȴͳȫĻϡ
֮ڣУʿʶﶼЦݣ๧άš
ҶϯĴȻûпģȴԹļͣһǿջЦӣһ书ףֻѻ֮£ԺƾƣȻĽȴ
ҶǿǱ˴֮йƬϵĽ˵֮䲢ǲʶ෴Ϥ
ҶĦ°ͣƺеµǵݡ
Դȥһ߸ǽŮЦ䣬һ˹Ц˵һڲΪͯұ븮ŮķɧԭȻϽԷĺ찢ãǴԭǳ԰ĲҵͯұٳԷеļŮȫкˡ
ҶһЦ˵˵ͯұ뵹ùԼ֣Ҳɧϲɫһ˵磬㲻ȥǸԼ˰ɣ
ôܣԴЦ˵ǼĿôⶼϽɵĵҵģϽᣬó԰һİȫ롣Ǳǿ룬˵ܲѿô
ʱҶԴͬʱһ𣬻ͷȥʱһϰģЦеس˹˵ѽѽλҲ˴˴֪ˣλͬˡ
ҶһһԭǽԷƹݵϰ壬Ҳǡ˾ڱصİ׮ͷ죬벻ҲڻĿ˵С
ԭԬϰ壬ֵҲдɣǰصıȽϲִ١Ԭϰ
ҶԴ񣬽λ˾̽ϯСôϤϽ㶫Ҳʮֵķ㡣
ûκε⽻˫Ǻһ㣬ţҶһ˵һĴۿ
ֻǼ򵥵һҶ㷢һϸλϵһˣֻһ֮£㿴಻̲֮ס࿴˼ۡ
Ԭϰ˳ſ˹ȥһЦҶ˵Ͻǡ˫ɳˣǸͷȾơһǵİǼ̳汲İλǸ
ҶָָǸվѮ󺺣ʵôǸأ
ԬϰһЦ˿ɾ˼ˣӳϰĴͽܣͬʱҲӣԭϰѰ֮λܾˡΪϵΪɵƺΪ˱ԼĹϵ˸һĶԸߣȥûзֱӳ˼ˣҲ뿪˫ɳǸˡ


010 
Ҷָŵ󺺣ǸһٰʮĴ󺺣ý׳ƫƫٶľһȴһȱֲ˸һּȳȵĸо
ˡף
Ҷ˿ŶԷ̸ۣ֮£תͷ߿˹
ţ书Ҳףܹ˿ڹԵʣͬʱҲ˵Էйٳˣⲻǿϰڹ
Ҷ˵עӣǸӳĴȻһЦȻȶһɱ˶֮ơ
Ǹ˫ɳİվͻȻȥһŭƺڴ˵رڶ࣬ԼҲ̫ã˼㲻߿
ԷҶзǿʵһЦ͵˵˴ţϧɳ
ԬϰȻүֻƾ֪Щ𣿡
ҶСܻһЩ΢֮֮˵ţΪ̸û˿֮״ᣬҲʮ㣬֪ǹΪ֮ʿƽ֮˫ɳô˲Ŷܾãǿϧ
ʱǸӳȻǰһ˵Ԭϰˣղżλƺ̸£λСȴδʶӳţָ죬ҽѡ
ϾϽеĸ̣ԬϰҲǽʹ㷺֮ʶԷ⡣
վԬϰǺЦӳãҪλӢ̨ʶһλǡ
Ҷ󷽵ع˵ҶԬϰΪѣҽˣ
⼸ͬʱһ벻ҶȻֱ˵˱ϯϺιˡ
Ǹӳ´Ҷһۣ˵λǽｭġСɡҶСô˳Ծ벻Ȼ˽Ϊķﰡ
Ҷһ֣ЦҶĳ˺õϹӳֲкܣСһ壬ĽύӳֿǿҪúġ
ְȻ
ַǷ˵̺˷Χݻᱻ
ӳ֮п˵ڽľҶֵˣǵϡѪɻ󣬽ֶˡᡯͷг˷ͷִֵܱƹѡΪ确ʹ֮һֵܵǹˡ֡ǵϢɽ¿ɽҶֵܿνĿĺǰ
ʱ䣬ɽҶȷļ죬ڽпν˾֪Ѹ٣Ҷһߵżʮͷǣÿ˶Ҷ˷ܶĿˡ
ҶȻӪЩ󣬵ֻЩЩ飬ʵԸУЩĲôںӳһо٣ҶЩ˼
ҶֻһǷϵȺмôһе棬û뵽һ֮£ԽԽͶӳǸ򣬶ѧʶΪ㷺ԹѵڷԼһϵͳΪڽϣˮսΪϤ
Ϻһ̸ȻԴ޺Ԭϰ嶼Ҷи˸⡣
ӳ֣ĪСܽǳ̨볯󽫾´࣬οһ˫ɳЧأ
ӳɫأ̾˿˵ϵܣҲı·һǲ̼ʦİɾʹһ겻һҲã뿪˫ɳﲻ֪ǰΡһʱԥҲ
ҶٺһЦ˵ҿӳҲΪɽؿɽŵͬʱѧԺҲѿʦеﶼԽѧԺѧϰӳּȻǰ;ãСС˫ɳҲͽͣĥӢ־ǰȥѧԺĥһ似ͬʱҲ˼һδǰ̡ӳ˼ƽϣҵֵܣҪ뽭볯Ϊ٣Ҷĳһеӳֳ¡
ӳһɵôΪ⶯ͷһǸǷϵ̾Ϣһ˫ĿһţҶ˵ԭΪҶΪԼ£벻ȴΪӳǰ龫ǣӳţԸѧԺޣҶСִΪ
ӳֿѧԺСܵԲڡ
Ҷдϲͷ˲ŲӶ࣬ȴɽ˲ŴպǸˮĴˣǸʸ̩Žǿʵһ顭
ĵ֣һ
һȺ欵Ů£һӳ԰߽˺ãǰһ뷢ŵĿΰߣԺһҡӵĶֻһ֪λǳ԰ϽֶὭͯұ͡ҡȡϹ˳ϡ
ǿһһⳡ˼ǹף֮
֮ɢһԣֻɡҡȡϹ˳ͯұ֮࣬ڱһк
ͯұΪˣкűϯ
ͿʼϯֻǶԷǸ˵ȼ̸Цġ
ͯұϽǵ׸ѣһƬֵա
ֶͣ࣬Ȱƺ˵ЦϷŮУϴǰúͺ԰ﴫձˡ
Ƭ̣ͯұֺЦ˸˵̸ڵкڱϯ
ʱͯұ볤Ȼٱͯĳ˰ʮգѵøλݹ٣иԶǧĺѣͯĳ˱ٳ裬һˮƣıлλ⡣
˷׷ؾյʱά붷֮ڶǼǿĵذɵҲǿջЦǰأһ˲ԭλ
ֱӿϯ
ʮòŮȻԷļŮ˲ˣʮ輿ʼڿյеĸݡ
һ뻩ȻкУֶ𾢵شһƬֵա
ϯУ˲ͣͯұ뾴ƣͬʱҲǳϾƷ
ЩƷУһ߸ߵĽͨƽ죬Ե𣬻˵ֻѵͯұ˻Щ¿ƷһʲôǰĴŶ֮࣬Ҳõóֵĺö
벻ǳ԰һֶȻڵ˵λص̻ǲҪǮһس£ۺ졣
ԬϰҶĶ˵԰ŴεˣЩ̻ǵصĸ̣ٶǴ̺ŵĴˣǳ͵ǱĴ̺ṩģΪǸ԰ｨܵϵôǮƸһطͯұ뿴ƴղʵͷҪѺöϽɸҦʢģֶҲɵͷˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ벻滹ƣ͵أǳ˼ʶ
ʱһͷϷϽǵ׸һݼΪıһѲ˵Ѿ˵ġѩ衯̵
ӳ˵ǰ֮ʱ˶Ϊˣ


011 
ԡѩȴϷһӿԱģܱȣᲢ۶С
֡ѩ衱Ө͸ѩ覣ȥûУγͬһ麮ʹɵӣŮϣģȴǽˣ֡ѩ衯жɢ˳ĹЧŮ˴ԽԽᣬԽԽ
ȴͷֻͼƲǸϵģǶͷͷ״ȫȻɣǵϸ£ǵȱ棬ۼסǣĲ𡢹ڴҲ˺¶
ͼǵ࣬ͼǵ죬˵⡮ѩ衯ȡؾӢ֮ǧ֮γɣ⣬ŵƹⷭ˫ӣͷǶŵͼӰҫвתݷһ㡣
ԱǸҶֻͬıˡ
ҶҲ˫۷ؿӶԴޣ˵ⶫ˴ϡûиƸأӣȫˣ
Ҷ̩Ļˣ
ôһԱƸ񣬵ȷǹˡ
ȴһԱΪʲôó͸ͯұأͯұ磬ֲҪȢϱ
ֻͯұͷһЦȻ˵лϵܵһ⣬ҼٰȻתǸһƬ⣬ѵöС㾹ȻҼҶӣ׮£ҿ˾ŲʮͯĳԸ⵱ýˣ֮תɰֱ㾲ɣ
һȫȻ
Щ԰Թİ֮ɫǻҰװЦװˡ
ǸҪ԰
ⱳӰδ̫ˡ
ǸĵҪ԰ǸԼһץһŲֹǵħҦף
ǸϹ۾ɣ
ҶԴɫٿȻ
ҲǷǸ˳԰ƵĴˮ·˰ɡ
ϯϵԬϰ壬ɫҲǴδйȻǰ΢Цеĵ˿ڲزס
԰ڵɣݱζŸ͢ԣ
Ǹ󣬻ʸᶨӵߣȴų͢
ѵ԰Ҫܳ͢аô
ҲǺ£ƹ͢ɷǸ˾ʮֵĲ׵ǳ͢˾ԵüΪΡ
Ԭϰ弸ǴＷĻ˵˾䡰úӡæտڲˡ
Ҳѧλ˾ԬϰٻΪǷǸ˾£ҶУȴôġ
ǸЩŮˣôĿŵطչҪ°ɣ
Ҷⴧ⣬ԱߵԴͻȻקһҶ䣬Ҷ̧ͷȥһ԰ڸͯұͱϹ˳ǰʲô飬ͯұıȴЩأһҪ˵ԱߵıϹ˳ȴͻȻֹǰһͯұ벻Ƭ̣ɫϷʣмڴζ˼
ȵϹ˳˵꣬ͯұվֱӣӵͷԸ
ǵӿ첽߳ûãĸˮǰأ
һʱ֮䣬ڽȻϽǵļԡ
˲ǹεôһ԰ûʲôϸڳ԰Ͻֶ棬н˼ô˻أͲ뻢ڣһڳԵ
Ҳ½Ĵ˷棬ԴѾǾˣ벻ξȻиĶӣһʱ۾ؿſڡ
ֻˮȻ߽˴Уı;޵ò˵һƬﾪ֮˭û뵽˵ȻһƯɵӣòµŮ
Ů죬̴ڣ۷Źؿλ꣬λǸŵӣǷģϢ糱ͨؽŽˮ磬ƴ䡣ֱЩҤĽǻҪܲסˮƷľ
ˮһ֣󺺵Ӱٴ˵ľ
һ׿绨һһپʮֵ̩ͬŭĿһ㣬κƾһֺֹĸо
ˮ֮סȺеǹͯұ룬ֱӸȵ˽ˮҸ֮Ϊͯ٣Ҹͯһݴ񣡡
ͯұͱϹ˳аЦ⽭λδյٰΪתİź֪ǸɫٰǲַʲôŮг̣⽭ζȻǿ԰ｨϽֶдɣĶһ̽ʵҳ԰뷨λֻ»βٵѪˡ
ͯұ⣬ǴһϷʣͽƷˣ˽òϽȺڴ˴һһ½ĺɡ
崫ͳ˵ڴһʧ顭԰ĳͻɱ⣬ͯұ˾ʵȶƷһۺûڴãúһ´ˡ
ȻˣͲˡ
԰£˼ɣԷԼصģԷǸݣ԰һоɣǿǴʧ񣬸öе飬ͯұȻÿá
Դ԰ôµģ飬壬ǧָкξգ
Ѿг԰ټھܵؾۼ˴֮⣬һָ֣
ˮȻ޾壬Ȼ˵˵⣬͹̧
һᣬ԰Ӻش̧һһ˸ߵĴľͷӣӼΪأɫͨ죬ͷֱģȻһľͷֱӷϯ롣
ͯұͱϹ˳ϣǿݣνո˵ټѹͿˣǲʵ԰һĴˣҶԳ԰ﶯʲô˼
ôϷҪǲҲʵأͯұǰ͵һľ䣬ľٿȻѣ桰ˡһ죬˺Ȼɫ
ͯұ뾪ŭؿľ¶Ȼһͭ͵ͭӡ
ӣ
Ǹͯұô
ƣڵӣЩ˵˴
ͯұ벪Ȼŭһŭ𣺡С
һ䣬滩һ£ϰ԰ľӣνˮΧм䣬ֵıͺȻˣȫ˳԰
ʱû˸λϣһԼǿɲС¡
ͯұΧͭתһȦȻһЦϵĿŭȴŨأȵøˣøΣ֣ųŽˮ˵ǰôգҳ԰ҪղģС͵ĺҶ˼ȮѪɺӡ
ȻһֱӺ֮ͭϣǧͭӣѡ
ڴͬʱˮ͵һſͭкȻһ죬ҵıըͭƬĴɽͭΪģŨҵĻӳһƬҵľ󡭡


012 ἤ
ͯұͭӣȴδϵȴŻأҶһöġ顱ıƱ򿪣һܵ𵴾ͻȻըѡ
ԭҶŵȵʵʱͱɢʱáָͨͭӣ̶ġ顱û뵽ͯұ뾹ȻԼԼôһ£Чǳĺá
ͯұͱϹ˳϶˶֣ٿȻľұը壬û֮ݣͻһǱըö˶˲᲻صˡ
ĳ԰ﾫûôˣ
ըನըʮˣǱըɵͭƬᴩ壬ٶ˵ĳ԰ﾫһֻʣһ˻ţϴˣֶϽšõضǣУۿš
ֻһֳвٲλıܵ˲ûɥȻսʤ˳԰ҲϽǵصڴ㡣
ɱ
ͯұͱϹ˳˺˲䣬Ҷһ߾ͭƬļϼ⣬ӭͷϣֱӶġҡȡϹ˳ϵϡ
书Ϊǿͯұ룬ͬʱ˵ҲԶһСġոպڣϹ˳ΡΡĻѱ˲̴
ոմӵлһ˿ŵıϹ˳ϣǰһϼͷ𡭡
˳ϡͯұĿѣŭ벻Լһұۣͬ־ȻԷ͵ϮϼⲻǼ̽ô˲ͻֵķأ
˰£˵ſĪ𡪡
̩ŭµû᳡ʱӵϼһӵٶȼڳ԰Ⱥгɱ
磡סšˮ绨Уʱϳ԰Ԯ֮ܺɱͯұ롣
绨һŭ˶һѪͷùֱӻ赹ƣ绨п־ͳ嵽˴֮ԺС
û˳ֵıȴͻȻԺӵеĳյʯܣ¡һײֻĳԴӸۣ绨йһЦ˳̧ƥųĳ԰һ裬顪
Ѫ绨
绨״оʯԣ·ɣûһϾյ𹿰Ĳ

ڣҡȡϹ˳ϵı̼ͯұŭ
ܵıʹʱоѣһУȺҳһƬɢ
ԬϰǱһ˫۷ףװŻȥʵȴǶ˽ۿ
ͯұ͵һһ룬Ӣͷ˿͵һ˦һڹ֣һһâ̽ķɣ˳һڹľγһźɫ磬дļϼȫɡ
ڹһ˦ųԼĽˮȻȥˮһ෭ˣһ԰ӱ˸ţΣ
㣡
ͯұһӣһֵɱ̩ȵ÷˳ȥ
Ҳ㡪ͯұޣ͵һ̴ľϣ𣺡˭˭͵ϮеӸվ
ᣬҶһЦ㵵ӳ˵ӳֿϷ
ӳ֮£Ҫ𻰣ҶһȣһâӿзУ˽ϳһɫ磬ɺ˳ȥֱӱ̴ľϵķֶͯұ롣
ͯұ˫ĿͫһһɱٿȻҶ
Сҵľ㡪
ͯұŭ𣬵һ仰֮䣬ҶѴȺУ԰ڵһ̵ͯұǰ
Ҷһ԰ﾫ鵶⣬ųһ룬۵һƾѾţ
һ˫ۣһŲҽһݷͲʵ
ҶνһѪǸ԰ﾫ
ҶأŲתлƾִ̳һ죬һ԰ﾫŽѪ£
תֱ£ৡؽһ԰ﾫͷ룡
һǰлâӣ԰ں佦Ѫ׵
ųһǰ͵һ̣һ̻ɫһ㣬Լڵס˶һƬ㵱С
ǵĻâǰ䣬ڹâǰĳ԰޲ȫѪˣÿһĹ˵ϣǱӵһ㣬һѪǰ԰ﾫ񣬸ǱòΣʬ屻׿ȺС
彣岽ҶƮͬ赸ļ֮䣬ʮ԰ﾫѺʬٵˡὭͯұĽǰ

죡
һڹǰҶĽٴԳԭֻͣźɫͷһ֧ǹ⣬䡣
ʱҶͯұףѾûһ˵֮ˡ
ͯұľѱɢʱǻһ˿ѪĿضҶʵǺˣ
Ҷ
ҶһȣͬʱӰ˳Ʒɳ˵ƥƵĽǡ
ͯұͷһݣҶô
Ҷ
ܻҲȻ˵Ǹƹϵһ𣬳ˡʹָǺֻǲ׳԰ʲôʱȻŴɱ˳԰
ͯұȻȴҶһһҶǰһźɫȦҶҪʹԭеĹ켣̻ƱҪɵеС
ҶһХݡʩչһɣӭͷ£ͯұ룬ͬʱְһУķɲ桢ͥӽٿȻŵƤͯұ
ù򣡡
ͯұһ˦ٴȦϷҶȥͬʱһתΧ¼

ȻǰҶȥͬʱһ㣬ٴβҶĻƾϣҶһƼĽͯұĻǰһǣӽͯұ벼µٴλɡ
Ҳ٣˵TMDáҶ²ɵñ
ҳ԰кγԹͯұŭʡ
ˮܣ

ͯұ뻰һ٣벻ȻĴˣȻǣ
ͯұһݣȵҶģΪΪʹͿΪΪֻǸ㱣õģҪԼƹ°׵ֿɰﲻ㣡

һŭȣͯұо͵һٴνסҶ죬Լͷϲͣת


һųȻӵӭͷ;׵ľϮ壬ȴ̩ɱ͸Ⱥ
ͬһʱ䣬ˮҲ˫ͬʻţͣر仯ƣεľףľֱǰۣûһ˿һ˷ѣһŭŵһ㣬ӭͷѹ£ȼյĵƻҪǿһ֣


013 ѹ
ͯұҶٿתȦڰлһܣֵסĽˮ̩ˣ
ڴʱ
¡
Ŵһ죬绨бΣЯһ˲Сʯ˽ͯұ뿴ʯޱ죬ϸһϣȻԼԺеǸ
绨һֱԺУϢʱ䣬еӳɱĳ԰ڣĽ³Ѫ࣡
Ѫ紺ʢţڳ԰ȴ˵ĴĿģ
Щ԰ڼôĴ򷨣ô׺ˣ
Уȫؿ
绨ȥ׷ϣصԶԶͯұ뱬һ˵ֵסԼֵܵĽŭ֮У˲þԶȫ㼯ϵʯϣһǴʯʳԱͬìһͶһ١
绨еȼӣӭľ綼ͯұ뻤졭
ͯұϽȻһ̫ǿƣһã͵Ҫ𡭡
һ죬ֵһᣬһȻԼûһԾ𣬺Ȼ̧ͷ֮ʱϡɫâݺ
ԭҶɻƾԷβסŽˮ̩Ĺͯұ£ƾŲϵַɳ˲ʯͷǽڵС
ʱ㱻ñֱҲͯұҪԾ޹
ͬʱҶӽһһϮͯұ룡
ۼٶѾ֮ͯұȫԼĻϣͼԼۻֵһ٣
䡪
ʯײͯұǰ˻˻ֵʯǿߵǰײ÷飬ʯɽͯұ뻤ͬˮ沨һۡ
ͯұ³һѪ㻤û飬ǿػͯұȻ˼صˡ
ڴʱͷϮ壬ͯұ֪ҶһѾˣܵػͯұٴμȻ֮£Ȼ壡
Ҷ˫ͯұͷλ԰ķֶὭͯұ뵱ʬȻأ
Ҷ̩绨ˮͬʱһⳡϮɱɣ
ǿߣĳ԰־Ԯ̩˵
ҶͽˮһЦ̶˵İɣϽﻹг԰˹Ӵܵˣ
ҶһЦţһѲӣһУһУοؿһֱۣӵݸ̩˵Ҹ˵ģֵ͸ɩӵĺϡ
̩Ȼ˹һȻһӣʺֱ࣬Ƕ̫֮ˣ̫ɫˣ
ϣѩ衯ǺöͼȻγɵģ컯ŰɣǾƷıԵұˣˮЦ˵
̩ﶮЩôֻⶫʵƯ͸Сãϲæ뻳У̧ͷһɨɻʵףأ
ɢʯƵ˱˳԰ֶ棬֧ԮԴ޿ǺҶһӿʼڣû֡
Ҷ̾˿˵Ե߿ա˵ǻģ
أ
ſһлԴޡƣǸ˵ĵӣ̧һ۵ĴӾ˽ȫǸָĴСӺͽȫܵû뵽Դ޸ˡ
ɢʯһ˶ıһεظ˽
̩æǲµ˹ȥظ˰졣
ɢʯȶ绨ŻԴ˵Դ￪սʼҺƵ˾壬ӦڵǰɣЩ԰ĵûֵãˡԭսô̰ƵĻӲסǣȥսƷȥˡ
ԴһԴſڣһһذɢʯ䣬ͷҲ̧ػصǸ缸ڣͯұʲôѶԸģȡսƷҪĸ۵˳ǣǲǿˣڡЩȻֵǮûġһ𣬿Ҷ׷ʵߣǶŪûУ
ҶЦû£Ѿˣ
Դ˷ŷĵ˵ԹǾƷˣǾƷеƷúŰɣǿǷǸ͸԰ĶǺǣ
ˮһ㶣תҶʵ߸磬ô£
Ҷе¹һ˵˶ǻȻ
̩ĵ˵ⶫ㲻ǷǸأǰҪô죿Ǵ˳԰ǵǸ᲻˼Ǻǣǵ鷳
ϾȻ֮һ̩Щ֮Ӱ졣
Ҷ˵İɴ磬ȻԷѾ͸˳԰Ȼǳ԰֮ǸʲôҪڵǸ󡭡Ǻǣⶼ£ڷǸ˲û޸԰ĶôǻڻϣǸͳ԰ûγɣ㲻ǵЩ˷Ǹ˰ɡ˵Բ԰Ԭϰ壡
һ仰ȴҶŽһʬ˵ģȻע£ǶʬһֺԬϰ˳Цӯӯصͷһ˵һ˹Ҷ˵ĻȫȷϷǸûиǳͨ͢˽練Գ͢ĺڵɣһͷҪʵģ͹Ǹ͢ƤһʱģڷǸʧǾȡλɷģؽ黳
˽Ӵ˾Ԭϰ壬벻Ȼе͵飬Ҳüս֮ҶܸӦЩ
ԬϰڵϲطƷԴ˵λүòģҪǶЩ鲻⣬ֱۼҺˡ
ԴﵣЩôԴϲֱץסԬϰ˵ѽѽôԬϰ廹·
ԬϰЦ˾ϾҪӴһЩطϵĺڵʿ̽Ϣͼ˻ɣȻ;ӪЩ֮ĻƣЩڻ¡
ԴһƤЦʵⷿ򣬸ҵʱ䣬Ҿҵ
ֵöһطۣǵǮˣ
ԬϰЦ˵СܴⷿҿɲգǰˣžҦʢԴժ
Դĵص˵ͷ۾һָŵϵʬ˵·ղգЩϵӶ
ֵܹֹ·뷨
ԬϰΣЦ˵λֵ˵ҵǶȻй֮ûҸֵһ飬Ҳظϸϸ㣬Ҫ֪԰ֶ￪أڰ˴Ϊչ֮;ģ֮ûգЩǮȻƱķʽĳλֵǡѽȿȣ
ݡ
Ԭϰ廰û˵꣬ǰӰһԴ޾ʧˣ
λүṦø߰ԬϰЦŸҶ˵
绨ӿ˵ţṦߣƷͣѹβһһСתһȦƳ԰⴦ֶʣɶֵǮˣ


014 Ӧ
ڶ죬˵ĴӸϵϽǣˮֱڳӶʮ԰ķֶ˸ܰߵֵǮ⣬ȫһгˡ
ɱûйľǰ׵ɣֱ˽ǡ
˵ֵڳ԰ϺݺݵһǶ⡣
˴밶ȥֹ˰Ĺ⾰԰١
ڿտҲķֶÿڣǰ֧Ԯֶ֣Ķ͸ӵǸӦҦġꡱҰԡ
ꡱҰԣеȣǸͺͷĴӣʴȴԼȽʵĸоֱۣپ˵һ󽭱ϵĵ˳ͻ˼ҹһصͭ¯ֱӴɽӽ˴֮Уסˡ
һ˶ĺٳɵ࣬һ˫ͭƵ˫ۣŭա
ǰǰڷŵùʬ壬ֱǡὭͯұ͡ҡȡϹ˳ϣһ͸­ǣһԴҡʱʰ޺ˣŵȫʬ
ϵţһȻҦʢдεǷ⣬ԭⲻظ˻һǽдҦʢġ
ѹһֽֽ⻹û˵ýġ̫ͭءûϲһڵġֽȷʵýģһǸûãҶ͸ͯұǷݲ
ҶƤûֱɣ״ͳˡ
ʣ
ŵġꡱҰԣ͵һȭȥƽֽ˱һ㡣µľͷӣȴӡǶû¡
ǿڹǿڹ¼ǿҰԵ˲Ұһֵˣָ
ݺܼ򵥣ҰԹӦҦѾڴ˵ˣӺܰȫ˵ˣ˵㾪š״̬ϣܺá
Ҫ󣬴˱֤ҦİȫҦ԰ƽ˫֮Ĳ죬ֻϣ԰ڲ̤һڴڼκ˺˵顣
нε֣ɴҶ֡
£Ϊһ֤ˣͬʱҲܣʽڽϳˡ
ʲôҶTMD
ҰٴͻһȭٿȻΪ촷ۡ
ĸ֣࿴һۣһۡ˫ﵵĸߣǰ˵ʹˣŻȻ֮ǰʵδ֪˵ʱΪףҲҰĶֻ֡ǡ
ҰΪܶĴѪ֮һЩڵһǿϾִܹһֶҦʢţͬʱҲЩǰ˵ﵡбǰڵֺţҦʢţԾҰƢٴ󣬴ʱҲòһԡ
пһ˵սףͯС϶ǰĸֶ֣쾳磬ԷȻܹϵϮɱֶǺĸ֣֤вʵοɱдºƹ˰Ҷһ졮ʹǸͬδȷﻹǺڵɣɷ»׵ֵĽ룬ʱ
˵ˣ
Ұ֪Է˵Ķʵ飬еڶôҲ£
Ŀ˺ð죬ҰԷŻ˵ϱϱδð˼ɣ
ҰƳ룬һһȥ¡¡죬صʯذ壬ÿһ̤ѳ飬·һصľڴ߹һ㡣
ҶҶҶ
ҰٿȻվ˫Ŀͨؿźɽ԰¥ߵļɽ͵о޴һȣ˦һںڵ֮󣬺Ȼһ죬ɽһ֮ºȻըɡ
̳ﻹɽǵۼֻʣһƬǽ塣
Ұһ֣һ죬ֻ˦ɳȥľ޴»صУ˨ŴͯұǸ
߰ɣʦ֣ĳһ㱨ģ
֮ԭΪҦʢֵתʵλ԰İûг֡ΪȫȨġꡱҰȴҲһϢ
԰ȫܴ˵԰ҲΪУֻʱ䣬걻ѹΪһޡ
ľͬǰ԰ԼִжǸδ֪ôڱϻʱϣǰȫġ
Ҧ԰˴ߣŶԷΦ󴬻뽭棬ԶԶȥ˵Ľκϴڣǵˣ


015 ͷ
죬ǹ죡۾˵Ҧʢʲôʱôˣ˵ӻǸһֻ֣
Ҧʢ֮ǰֵöǴڱصã㿴дģʮĿϴ󺣰˼˵ôͻȻ֮ͷڹˣ̫
˳Ĭ
ˮߵҶߣ˵Էڶǡ۾һ϶صڶ㣡
ҶԶʧĴֻϦ֮£̿һ޼ʣȴǼȵȻ˵ǶңҲǶᡭҲǶƹҲǶ׵֮֡ҦʢĶʲôЩ֪
ϲƹǰ׵֪ԼжģҲֻһ
ˮ۾ٴ𣬡Ҳǡ
ԸǡҶϽˮĲ²⣬һ˪

ֹһЩʱգ԰Ȼ˳Ͻ֮ҶҲ޷ڴ˶ͣСʻ򣬳Ŷȥպ´ϣžϷçɽȥ
ʱ԰ϢҲʱش
ʮ֧ռ˰˹⣬֧Aг԰Ӱӣ֧Ǳ԰һٲƽ˳԰Ƶĵ
֮£԰ԴˣĴûס
ûʲô취ߴԱʵҶˮ˵
У켶ĸ֣΢԰ﲻˮ΢һ˴𰸡
ֵ
һɷչһģû켶ǿţǵ㰡ڲǴ⣬ɹ⿿һҲЩŲס棬Ȼƺ˴ļᰶţݲܱ¶ȻЩ˵עͷˡǿǸǻ۱в˵
ҶЩ򶨵ؿ˿ˮһλԼһСʵ飬Ҫȼ᰻Ҫ˷Ĳٵġ
뵽˼ᰣҶһ˵׼īҪʦдһţޡЭһ¡ʱûôΣˣޡɲضڼԱ֤˵İȫǡɷǡԹһ԰ֹܷɱǵİȫ
ˮɫٿȻһͷʾͬ⡣
Ҷһдţһ˵ǿŹϵͶ⼸λִݣϾ˼ҰæԼʹ÷㡭Ҷţһʵϰˣ겻ǵԪĸôʵҲӦò˰ɣûвĴ㣿
ˮ˵Ҹԭٳż꣬ϵľͨȻٲ죬µĽ龰ҸӦҲĴ㡭ֻǼҸ޳ɹİգһڲ̵ʧܡ
һʧܣпҲˣ㲻պٴνϣûˣԲ첻ԼˣͿе飬Ҫø׼ɹᵽߣá
ҶתͷŶɢʯʵʲô߲ɹʵĶô
ȻУɢʯ˵书СǱɹޱĹܹЧӲĳɹʣҩСܶ򵤡ĵرϣ̺֮ﶼгɹ߲Ч
Ҷһϲ˵书û˵ͷͰｭϡޱֻǡޱ֮ٴ򿪾ҪһʱҲҪһʱ䡭ûϵˡޡæʱ仹ǵȵģĵر֮Ķ󣬵ҩǷ׼أ
ɢʯЦܶ򵤡ôСʦӡޡ죬ҲЩġû˵Ҳдһţֱӽʦáޡ˵ͬʱѵҩҲ
ãҶһǽܹ죬˵ѹͿһְ
ˮмسλֵܵ˵ͷ
ΪԼĸףΪԼİɳǸм֡
Ҷѹһֱܴʽ򽭺ԵԽԽĶ֣ԽԽǿĵˣھϣһֱͣͲǰӾҪɳҲڼڳΪ̵ĺ֣ĵˣϻںôа׵ɡƹͳ͢ţû˸Ҷ֣һЩԹ˲ϾշɵʱɾľΣӡ
ҶĵһűԼΪʹ롰ʥء֮ǰڡݡӰµֱٿ֮ǰɶ̫⡣
ħŰеǸƻҶʱҲŲӦǸƻӦڡݡ֮ŻᱬʱоǸᣬħŹؼƻһ֡
ʱ䣬ڣһҵʱ䡣
ʱڣԼһǿʵĻᣬͬʱҲʦһλʵĻᣬκһܹӼʵ룬Ҫƴá
Ρʥء֮Уܹڰҵʱڻع飬ԼһʱȥǿãԼһʱĲˡ
ڡʥء֮У
Ҷоһ
ʥ֮ϣԼʧҲԼΨһһϣʵĻᣬĵرʵս顢ƷԼƹлҪġʯЩҶʱ̴˷ֽܶĵȴ֮У

ء
һԼֵǵһֻﻯΪ촷ۡ
ҡҷ֮£ҦʢԭЩףԵøӵֲ
øΣΪҾͻô׵ôҶһ֣ҾӾ
һңеһжڰԵúܲʵ
ͷҦʢǸ󺺣ȧǸʣ۰գΪǣĶͷΧһȦֻܹɫСǣԵͷɡֻɫСͬȣ·Ȼɵһ㣬졣
֪Ҧʢ˶ֻ֪СǵҦʢʱʱ棬Ȼһָֻ˵ɫԣһҧͷϣҦʢʹ˫࿹סɫԵҧ֮ס޵Ĺ
Ƭ֮Ǹ˸ϵ˶ԣ˼Ѫ桢о綾Ȼ˫Ŀᶨ޲֣Ǿ죬ö֮Ϊⶾö֮Ѫ׳ΪͽֻǶԾſŶѾԹ֮Уȡö֮Ƕ֮Թǳһٲֱ˴ˡ
һͷŸƤ⸲ǣȥǾŸСԴһҲǡͷŵ
һԱһ˵ҦҪ˴Ӧʥŵ¡
Ҧʢһ˵ģӦǵ£ҦʢʳԡĿ׹һϣҲܰճŵ֮佻׺õ顭


016 
ҦʢĿƵض֮еӰǸħʹ߼ᶨشģģö衯վͻᵽҦʱֻ֣Ҫ龳Ȼֱܹڣ˵һƺǡʮĵλҲһ
Ҧʢ淸ɫһ뵽ö衱ǻȵĺܡ
ƺ
ʮ
ߺߣ벻Լһʮ꣬ȻԭΪ벻ϵڱ顣
ڶԷǲħţʲôϵ
ֻҪõöҩʲôӷһֻʲô˵Ƿһֻ֣һӣⶼν
Ҧʢ͹һʮ꣬ʮʱ򣬱һӣǸọ̇̄ܽãԷĴӸһѵӣò㹻ˡ
Ӳĳ𣬵õˣʲô£ҳ԰۰Դ󽭵ҵҪѹƺġᡱҪͻƹҪ
ֻһԼһӶ̫󣬱Ҫһͬʱô̬ҲԵԼȽϳԿ֮ģ̸˵
ħʹ߹Ȼ˵Ҧֻ谵ʥ¼ɣعȻ׵ΪУ򵥵飬ͻһöġ衯ôֵõĽװ
Ҧʢɫһ䣬˵ףߣһ֪ҳ԰ħ֣̼⼸ʮܶĳɹ͵Ȼ޴ˣҦʢԸð֮Ǻף˵ڸҳ԰һͣҶǵķԸҦĳĶӸǷһֻ֡ף
Ҧʢǰӣ˵⼸СӱǷģɽ֮УֻҪøɴ࣬˭֪ҳ԰µ֣ߣ֪ˣûƾʵݣҺΣ
ħʹ߱տڲԣֻҪ׵ֵĸԤɱǸʹСӣҲ㲻ô⡣
Ҧʢ뿪ⷶΧڰУ˵м£ǲҪˣεĽףһö衯ö
ħʹһЦ˵ˡ衯ʾ·ţԭ򣬱뵱ؽλˣûмΡ
ħʹ˵ٿȻһԱ߿ȥһӰ֮£μȿΰҦʢ٣ϡ
ͬʱһͬʱ𣺡Ҳ͵ôô˵ûм
ħʹ߾ɲ벻ƾԼ֣Ȼվ߷ŷҿӶԷĶҲԲṦһʱ֮䣬亹ֱð
ҦλǡħʹߵǲĶԷʲôٶֻǶԷɢĿµƣͷЩҡָоֻϲԷûľɼԷĹżǿǿ֮ƣγۺơ
شģҦʢߡ
Ϸˡ
棡ħʹߺȻ˵
ߺߣϷ򡭡
ˣȴ˵еĻҪ֡
벻˾ȻҶɽׯйһ֮Ե档ѪɷɱĸɶӣΪ׷١ͭϢ˶֣ˮָ˸֣һ·Χ׷ɱӵݡ
ԭԼҪھϳۣȴɽׯ˼Ǻű֣ɽׯҪˣҶ˱˳ͻȺеҶ֮°β棬ȴˡ֡Ѧ棬Ҷһ
벻δϢվȻڳ԰ܶмλһһ֣ͷҦʢʲôϵΪʲôҦʢȻҪͷҪһö衱أ
ʣͷҦʢʡ
һҦʢǺһЦЩ˵þòСʦܣ
һֻ֣Ҧʢһǽ˳ȥֻ쳣ʵĴֽһ
þòʦ֣
ħʹҲһԭ˾Ȼͬʦֵܣ˵оҦʢָ֣ȻǶ˵ʦ
Ϣ㹻𺳣ʥ֮Ľףٽһء
벻Ҧȡĸ־Ȼġ桯ʧʧ
ٷϻƨġȥȸ˵Ҫһö衯Լȥɣҩ˵ƾˣҪǶԷǷʲôƵģŪħʹһ亹֪λش𣬿ҦʢȴԷЦеɽۻ
ħʹ׳׳ԼΪʥʹߣûɱԷǣűߣһҪػû뵽ͻȻһתŭ˵ȸħӳʱ˳ȳһЩˣ˵Ķʦ֡ɽϬҲС鷳ħŰطųϱٵʲôҲʲô֪ħſ£öҩùƵģҼ˵ˣ˷ŻǷǵ飬ǳʲô⣬Ҽֽֽ̡
ڣ
ð˳ΪڵġѽѵǸϹﻹû
ħʹ߸ոͣЪ亹һð˳
ʹȻ˻ʱﻹʲôơ׳ɫ֮飬˻ſϢȥ
ˣˣ
һ䣬ԭʮħʹߴҴҶߡ
ԶҦʢȻǰһ̽˵ôڳɽˣ
桱˵˵ͷ˵յһλǰżųصġڷ´ڼҲǲɶһҪΪʱʱ򡣲Ҳ˵ˣһʱ䣬Īʱδʸ֮ģѳɣ
ҦʢһȻ˵ڶԸ
һ֣Цʦֶˣ㲻ʲôٶҪ죬Ҫݣڰ׵ֺͳ͢û׼õ£һݡϴεϢҲˣʦôãܸǸתΪףǵĴƸ׺ΡҲ˵ˣǸҰ̫󣬺ԣĪҪԷǹʹ
ҦʢٺһЦ˵һȺµǣҰٴҲ¡¼Ӣ۶ӣмԸøͷϵġĸ˾δţһﲻǽǵ˽ԼĺôˡʦתڣƣöԷռ˱ȥ
˵ͷ˵ãɫһתʵĸ
Ҧʢ˵ľڵ̹ġԼˣġ
һЦ˵ǲǼūӣΪҰūͣЯһ֣᲻жµľءɽ˶ö衯ڱص֮⣬˼˹ʦһ֮


017 Σ
ҦʢԴϲԼֵ֮ʣ벻ʦžһӰæҪڴˣҪ¾˵ˡ
Ǽ
죬Ϲӡ
̧ͷǴʦʶʶ
ӣһһǿܣΪҪǣȫ쾳磬ȻǸողûã죬ǿ߸Ҫǿ֡
ħϬѪ󢣬ݼʦ
ҦʢϲãúãתЦ벻СʦܵĵҲв֮ħСҼǵã츳ڲ죬ֻ¸ܵ˰ɣ
Ҷܵħӣæͷ
һߣ˵ҪԽԽӡҪǵڱǻجج֪ŬǲܴܵǸˣⱲӶ˵ҵͽܡ
Ҧʢһ㶣˵Ŷħʦֶܹʤ˱ҳ£ʦĪҪǿʦֶ֪ĸɵĵӣȻܹʤʦֶ
һЦֵ˵ϵһֽƬ֮ǰҦʢ߬ϢϷʵ˵ʦҲʶ
Ҧʢһ˳ָһɱȻҶҴµҶ

Ҧʢҧгݵ˵ߺߣԩ·խ
ɫͬǰһֻ̽õ˵ԩ·խСϻѰĶ
Ҧʢɫ䣬ͬͭ
һ˦֣ûõĵӣٴ˳
˵ݿɿ鱨Сѧ󲿷ֻǸߵѧǽϴûгֹѧƶϣЩѧпͭȡõġ
Ҧʢͷͬ⣬ǶǵģһСƨ书û壬ôܴʲôѧȻǴڵõؼ
ݺݵش´ȣҦʢ˵ǿɶ񣬾ȻѧȥԼ£ԲܾôˣΣ˵ʲôҲҪȥһ˾ˣɫһ˵ʦ˵ɲܵõաܣ
˺ȻһЦ˵ܣһܿԿ׾ıǸСӵĵôܵõ
Ҧʢһɣһʵ˵һΣǻ᲻ȥ
ԲᡣЦʦַģ¾ͽˡ
Ҧʢͷĵغϣ˵ͺãһʦҪʲôˣҪʲô֧Ԯڰȡɡ
桱Цŵͷ
ȴһʦֵšͭڵˣթϢΪ֪ǿɶֺЦ

Ҷ˹һһ·У˾ϲǭпçɽڵĺçɽڵػ·̡
ʱϷ죬ȳʪһ䣬Ҷָ֣ҲЩܲˡ
ҶˮɢʯԴޣŸͷ绨̩̫أرһƥԲûбҪΪ·ʲô۾֮޵һ·϶̩绨ڳϣλһ·Ȼǰš
ޣȣ绨һĭɳȥԶ̹¶ϣ˵˵ҲǵģȻŪһΪʲôŪأǵȣĵù
绨гø˵ȿڳԵëϲˣڳûˣȴһеӡ
ϳԴһƲ죬͵㻹˵򳵵ʱ㹷յ˵Ŀóʹ죬űôôǵĲˣ
㲻ȰȰң
㹷յȰô
㲻ŬõģʹȰȰң
TMDȵʱˣ˭TMDʹȰ㣡

ˣˣһͣͶ죡ľȻͣһɡ̩һңյģ˵ľȻʱһĺӣü۾סˡ
ˮ˿죬ٽʱȵʱ򣬲ɵó̫ȣ·е㲻ˣΧöϡӣϢһ£ˮ֣緹߰ɣ
ˮһϯǵͷͬ⣬ʱЪһ̫ʹˡ
Ҷ̧ͷԶһЦϢʲôӺӶģ˵⼸Ӳ͸ⶼθϻˣǰһָ˵ûǰɽϺǸС壬ڹٵϣǿ߼ȥϢΡ
˳һȻǰһСɽİɽϣֵһչ֮ǰ˶ȵô裬˭ҲûôԶ֮УȻôڣһʱΪ˷ܣߴٸϿ·
ɽǽһʱĹ⾰ֵѾǼꤵ״̬ˡ书ٸߣҲʳ
һСɽĽߣ˲ɵöһ̾ǸƵĺõط
ٵ࣬һƬͨĴׯɫǸŹٵ˸Ҳ
һֱϣɽ϶һҾ
ʱǾ¼ɽĸֻ䣬Ұģֲģ涷ޣΪ̣۷ơ
Ҫģɽϣһɽٲ󣬵Ϊˬ
λñСɽɽ´ϣܽػһȪ٣ƾѡҾ÷þģһ͸硢߳ĳδéͤȻҲȣк֮硣
ƾͤƣ԰ǰˮɫɽ⣬۵ףǾһõʤء
˶éͤ棬һԷһ빲жʮ׳׿Ű˸ߵϯȨǸϣһɾ
ŲϯߵλϣƨɵǺţһĶϥǼΪ⡣
ֹʡʡǮּۣ˼ҵ˼Ҳɶãʱ顢ЩƷζʿ
ǰͬȻǹŴĻ첻󣬵ȴûʲô˴̻ᱻ˳Ц鷢
ʱУٶȻ˴룬ʲô̡ũʿΪ֡
ҶͽˮһۣһЦ
СΪڿ죬֮Ҿ˵λү룬СȡƣӦоа
ҶЦ£չһȽţԼƥҲӭŵС˿ܣϵʮ㡣
С˵ҶֱĸȲˣһˮһĴͣһ߾Ȳ
Դ¿˿ɫصشչ˵缸԰
ɢʯһʵﲻԣ
ˮҶһЦҶ˵ȻˣﶼүǣǾ׳ӣŮ
ˮ˵ߵҲӣҹס
̩Ҳ˵ȷ⣡
˵һôƽĴҲ˷֣
Ҳֲͷĵطˣ
̩ͷ˵ſǵļˣǼũǾȻһӴ⣬֮£ֵҲʮӣũһЩǮͲˣôô˷ѡ
һɵʧЦ


018 ϵ
绨͵վҪȥɱˡ
ŵֵܸæ£Ҷһưѹɤ˵ʲô˼û˵ǶԸģɱô죿
绨Ų˵ôܣһǾһģһǶԸǣǶԸ˭
ҶһɣֵǰһȰ绨㬵
ɢʯ̬ɣȻԷʲôˣ
Ҷҡҡͷʾ
û취̫֪࣬һɡ
Դ޲֪˸βͲݣ˫ͷҧŲݾȻʲôˣԸǵľǵˣǵ˾Ҫ§
绨ӿ˵ôˮƽ
˲ɵЦ
һᣬСѲȶ绨ȥҪԣɢʯһץסŵСȻһЦ˵ңʲôþƣһ
Сδʲô״æȥơ
缸ɱ˵Ŀⶢ绨Ҷҧгݵ˵磬˵ٻˣߣ鶾ڳԷ书ٸߣպҲϱߣô룬ʥͲҪȥˣҲøˣԼȥ
绨кٺһЦԼһ£ЦⲻǶôߵĪĪ飬顭
εصһۡ
ɢʯһ飬ҡͷ˵ɾģû
һ䣬绨ȥһӣһһӼ˸⣬ʣ˵ˮ˻ûüһˡ
Ҳ٣Ͷ̥Դ޴ŭ
û취
ʲôζ
֪
ʲô⣿
֪
ã͵ιˣ
ô˵أ
ҶΣ̧ͷСʮͷ
绨һ˼
ɢʯ˾ˮ˲ȣͷû
ûҲûʲôѵˣ
ø缸еԺˣ˲ˡ
극ǾߣȻԷпܲǶԸǣ˵ز˾
㷹缸ҪȥͻȻ죬Ϊеˣʱ
ٿȻһ⿴ȥУһͷë¿߽˾ſڣ澹Ȼһݵĵʿףë¿˯ˡ
ǵݣë¿ǼΪɾɫ¿ëϴˢ
һƥƯСë¿һҵݵʿǣСë¿ôǵʿı϶˯ƽȣǲ
ȵë¿˵ؽ磬һ𣬡ŰŰ
ǵʿٿȻת͵ֱ壬ȻŹϵ¿ơ
Եɵɵĵʿǰץ˰죬Ҳ¿ӣȻҲץΪǰ¿ƨɡ
͵һ֣ץס¿βͣԺа͵һ

Сë¿ƢһͰѵʿȥˣһſڵϣû
ҶҲͲסȻЦ
ԱЩеľƿǣһĿ˭ûЦ
⵹Ҷһ棬ǰĵʿ˺֮ģ˵˭ȻЩЦء
ȵ˻λƵشӵʱҶ˲ſϵʿıһúɫĲƥ˸ʵʵһѱɱţʲôأ
ϵʿһתҶ˲ɵþһ
ֻݹ棬Ϳȥߣ뷢ҰףüգݳƵǺ׷ͯˣһɷǵӣƫƫȵһͿɳҲ֪ȥƣʹ۰׷ƣԶľһľǷϵĲӡ
ϵʿ˸ãЦسžҲΧȺĲ֮⣬ţңң
ˣˡСŴӹ̨óһֱӵݸϵʿ
Ҷ˶ܿеĲףϵʿ۾һһ͹࣬ĩ˴һþƣþơ
ǺþƣǺþƣ
СЦ˵Żеɱ
ˮյҶ˵߸磬˵ز˾ϵʿѾ˶ƣǹܲˣ߲ߣ
ҶٺһЦ˵ˡԭվӣһƨԭأЦ˵֡
ֵܴ棬Ҳȫ
⼸Դ뽭СľûȻ˵Ҫ֣ǾͲʲô
Ǳϵʿһƣšһ
СҲ𻰣ֱһȥػأϵʿȻһʮ֮һ¶ٺЦңٺ٣ϵʿǮˡ
ʱСǺЦҼϰ˵ˣϵûǮҪֻҪѱĶǵ˾ǻˣ


019 һ֮
Ϳʼˣ
ҶٿȻһɴ˫ۿǺ˶ƵϵʿôӦԡ
ֻϵʿͷƤڱţָ׷ζͷƤм࣬ҶһķθϵʿȴܵĺٺһЦ˵С飬ⶼڼˣҪѽǴƹϵʿɡ
ϵһ䣬һˬʵĴЦһһߣһȻ˵ƹæ˼ˣȴ֪ҡ̡̿ɾʸ񰡣
һƣһֺЦе̼ģ֮˳ǰһ˫۾Цгһ죬һһźĸоֻĽ̹ھ޴һ㣬ڵ϶ˡ
Ȼ̼ģ߱Ҳߣһͷӣ˶˵Ĳǡ
Ҷ˸ǵϡһ࿴һۣԼ˾ʶţʮһֻӷɹҶԴ޵Ķ䣬εһ¶ӣֻ˾Ȼûλ̡̿ɾλȲǵĸ֣ǿӹɵˣʵۺǿߣ֮ǰЩ·
ˮѹ˵ﲻ򵥣̡̿ɾͨ֡ƹ񡯺ͨ£̡ȡ⡯ͨµ֣һڽ¶棬ԣԭֻ֣ͨ벻ʵȻôǿᣬ
ԭǡƹ񡱺ͨ£Ǹղϵʿ˵ĴƹģӦָľǺͨˡ
ͨԳǸˣҲԺǸղؼңġͨ֡ǻʸڵһֺŵǮׯǮƶûͨİòӣղظֱֻҪֵǮģϲϲü͡
˵ͨر֮࣬ʤκһˣǻʹšµһϹҲȲ
ͨĲƸղصı۾
۾ʮµ䵱ҵκϳΪһҲǵ䵱ҵ֮ʹڵ챦ҲҪ
۾Ҳһˣ˼һһ֮⣬ܼ书书ʱҲ챦һ޲ġʤ̡
ԺͨڽϻиţСµһۡ
ͨ书ȻҲãش߳߷ɺ硿һⶼǽԣ书ô˭Ҳû˵˶Ѿˡֱգһֱض̵ܽûм֮Ϊһ۾ҵóԷ书֮ʡ
ͨԳˣһźƣǮǰġ
Ϊеĸ̣䱦ղؼңһЩ㲻鷳¡
ʵڶ㲻ˣͻӰƽӰڲƽģٻ˰Լ鷳ƽ
ԣȵбܲ鷳֮ʱһλҪǮĸְƽ¡
˽Сѿս壬ʮڶʮλɱ֡ڡծʲô¶ɡ˵ĳһعѵŮ˻ʮӸ˯һޣºҲǺġ
壬һǮλͺܵλ
ֻҪǮûɵġһӡ£
ҪǮ
λ廹ԴΪż
ε¼Ҳء
ͨݵʱһھ¥ϸѺȾƣżȻ¥·Ľֵϣλ¿ݵˣʱݵ˲ӣʮر˳±ڲ¶һСؽʣֻúڲţҲһۣͨסˡ
ͨ۾˫ֻôһСƳ֮£Ͷ϶һѰƷϣǾƷı
Ʒ
ûмѵġ
ǺͨղصУôıҲ࣡
ֱͨӴ¥Ϸ£סϵʿֱӿΪڱϵʿ˵ʲôͨ˵ʲôҪ
ϵʿ˵ߣͨ˵ˣֻ
˾ͺ޷緶ڴϳˡ
ϵʿˣͨԼһڣʲôֻҪܴϵʿⱦȥѽͨͨ첻һͬƷıϵʿ
ͨеף֣໨ٶӣ˵ʲôҲܵõѱˣҲһڴӦ
ôţϵʿһ·УͨҲŲͣϮţɹƭ͵ʲôˣŪϵʿ
λƶѾʮˣһ·УҲ˾ݵĵؽ硣
ҩĸֶˣΪ˵õѱ˻ͷٸϵʿⶾٲУľҪˡ
˵ͨλϵʿһļƷ¶˵ǻƿЦˡ
ЩҶǵȻֻ֪ЩЩŹ֣Ȳɱֲ뱨ģԲ֡
ʱۼϵʿ˶ˣԷͷҲ棬˫ĥĥҲ֣Ҷ˸ֵɣһԿ֡
ֻϵʿһЦ˵Ǽˡ޻ǿɺҩϵҰٶ֣ɺҩֶʲôƨ¡
˵һŨ̵˵ϣڵСߣӭһζɢղŻһɱĵСһԺͨһڵϣԲѡ
Ҷ˶һĭϵʲôظɻô󾢵ɺҩɲѵ˵ǰ㡰ٶ֡ɣ
ϵʿһŨ̵Ѭ˵СǸ̡̿ɾɫЩѿ벻ͷôѶԸ
ϵʿָ̿ɾıĲһ˷˵ģҲϵǺЦ㡮һϵһ򶼸ڵǺƹĲʶôϽϳϵҪˡ
̡̿ɾɫѿ˵ϵʿ֪ôȻˣĳɾҪֽһ¸ˡ
ʲôһɡ
ϵʿû˵ȥ̿ɾһ;˹ȥ
̿ɾ벻Է˵ʹ򣬲̡Ҳǳصģдһӣ͵һǿڣֱӵסϵʿһơ
ϵʿһƣӣȥû¶еͷô⡣
̡̿ɾһ£һɿȻ͵رȻҪϵʿڴ֮£㹻Ĵۡ
ͬʱܵĺ֣һʣϵʿкȥ
Ҷ˲ɵһͬʱ뵽ϵЩдˣղϵһĭɾڵɺҩʱ缸;ϵڹͬ죬Ȼýˮһ³ǹһֻк˳ʮĸַ緶ֻǴʱ֣Ȼ⣬Ǹ֣Ҳûôİɣ
ҶΪϵʿͬǵˣһʱҪһû뵽һ֣Լ¾ҪݾȼݵˣһҪ֡
ͼϵʿȵϵһƣ͵ذ׹һһǿмٿȻըͻȻֵ쫷һ㣬Ȼɨ


020 
Ⱥȥĸ֣ʱͬһڴɵһ㣬ҽŷɳ
޿ײǿֱӴ̿ɾϵķ϶ֱӴϣ̿ɾȻı˲Լϣ˵ǿ紵õɶ𣬻µ絶һķиϡ飬˱ϵʿҪ֣
УȻҽݵУ
һͻǿ磬ҲҶ˳ԿС֮ȫǿ絹˿ǻ˹ǿǿ磬ûЩùĸһ㱻
飬ȴȫҶ˵
ֻϵʿһžݴе壬ϵζˣɡ
Ųǰһ̽ͬʱƿǰһƣ䡪
ղըǿٿȻٴγ֣ҲǸղŵըǶ򴵳ͬʱϵʿǰİһһ£ٿȻɣҪĲ֣
ҶŴͣ˵仰ͫһһܹ˺ص֣Ʒ磬䵱вֺ
ھɵ˲䣬һӰسǰǴѹӢӣֳľһǸ˾ôͻأվߵĸﱻɡǸù̿ɾ˰գ˶ûпһۣǳˣ
ѿս壡
ʮڶʮλĹ֣ôͻȻسҶ˵ǰе𺳳̶ȣø缸մ
λ˧ֱĴ壬һ˺ѿռһ㣬侲վؿǰϵʿ˵ֲúҳ֣ԭ¾Ȼλ벽ĸ֣պһʮƱҲˡ
ϵʿһЦ˵벽Թ飬塣ʤʺܴŶô㶼ǿɣ
徹Ȼҡҡͷ̾˿˵˵˵
ʼգһֱ˵Էʤʴ󣬶ԼȡʤѣΡټι
Ǹ̡̿ɾڸһͳڻңҶ˵һԽ䱸ôɰɰɰˣ
ϵʿǽͬʱĬһƶչôජţεѹȴκưĽѹ֡
˶ڼ
ҶãȻ࿴һۡ
ʱô죡
ô죡
ܡ
һ£ҶҲȥʲô˲˵ˣˢˢһתѾӿͣ
Ҷ°ѣTMD˵ϵʿæ˼ҿܸаĸְүTMDʲô֣
ܳȥûڶ֡
ȺģϵʿıͽıͬʱԾ˵Уͬһʱ̣㵽һ

ľͷ·һ죡
Ҷ˾͸оǱ˴Ӻһѣ嶼ܿƵǰ˳ȥ
ŶTMD쵰ҶͻȻֵĿǷȻеĳƨһת˲֮Ϣ
еָָָ֣һӴһֱƷ˳ȥͬеĻмովĺͨ£ƥֻһڹԼϵʿͷë¿
䣬䡭
˵ǣһƺֻ̽һĽûбҲûбˤ
̶ˮһ
ƺλʹ汾£һֱʵڸովλٿȻγɣת۱㿪ʼŰùСׯˣ
ͻѸͷ˴˾޴Ӱ졣
Ǵɳʯ裬Ϸž·ӵʹ˱ɳӹŪѪۡ
ܣ
Ǳϰˣ̩˻ţʱµ˾⣬̩һξԼĵأĿҪӵϾϰˡ
ſ£ģ
ҶþԼߵĵְ˵ϡ
ԽԽ
Ҷ˻죡tmdҸϿǱߵСéܷ磡
tmdéˣ绨
ڡҶ̧ͷһҲ١
ոջһԵһéֱӰεض𣬷˰գȻһĿ֫⣬˸ԭʼĲϣ绷ƷһƬҶ˷˹
Сģ
Ҷ͵һԴ޵ԴһŶ˵ͷƤ˹ȥ
TMDĸԴ³Ĳݺ࣬š
Ȼǰһ߱һУҽŷա
ֵܼ˵һôľڸܡֵĶײǰļζǸ̫Զֻǿû
ΨһһƵǵԺħȸһΡһȸЩдȸнӽʮˮƽĹȫûдﵽֵˮƽûﵽ쾳۷壬Ҳǰ벽ˮƽǴһֹĽУûɶûжΧ޴Ӱ졣
βһһġʮ֣һǿսİ벽ĸ֣λһƴΧж˴ù
λ֣ʹѼӰֵּĶײѾﵽˡľأһһʽԪУ仯Ӱ졣
ᰣ
ǸϵĹǡ硿ԵĻҲɡϵɵġաԹͬԴ𣬶Ÿ˼Ӱ죬γɵԽԽֱϸ߿գͿյƲ㶼쫷ձû谵
˹ԽԽǿпʼγһ޴ķ糲糲еɫķпʼ֣׹ͷбһ޴ĽյĶʲôһʸ顣
ҶſڵϣԶȥ
ߴһȡ
һͨûץΣ𣬲˻ŷ˰գȦ֮󣬿罫ĵùݺݵɽϣĲ˻Ȼֹѵ˿ҵķҲشÿ˵Ķ
ез糲ʼѹ羢ҲٿȻøΪң
һݶѹéݵĺʵʯƬҲȦͬһһ㣬һƥԴ
Ѫͬһ
ô죡
ʲôҶŭ˵ϽɣԼСӲ
һʱȽţ
ŷ糲ڵϣǸ缸һ뿪ˣᱻ˺Ƭƣ֮ҶڤѵġٹХ硿Ҫϰٱ䣬Ѿǵܿˡ
Ǳи
ǰߵ绨ͻȻ
ʱһĩһ쫷֮У·ץһһ㣬һͬٶ˹ȥ
绨̩֮ɢʯˮҶԾ뾮С
ʣһԴˡ
㣡ҪˣҶԴ޺
ʱϵķ糲ٿȻһͣ͵


021 ʦ
ԴۼҪԾ뾮Уϵķ糲ȴٽ޴ȻϮԴ޸оһѳסһ㣬͵קȥٿȻз𣬾Ȼǿ˰գ

ͻıŵԴʧУ
ۼԴ޾Ҫ糲˺ƬһâӾзɳֱӲסԴ޵Ĳӣ͵һ
Դ޹ؼʱ̾ȻҶõħӲس˾ڡ
һˮ绨̩бھУ缸ȵĶ棬ûˮ
ȿȡ
ԴһѳϵƷͨ죬ӶѪˡ
ȿȣѾɱҰû㱻
Դ޸еԼͷеľˡ
Ҷһ죬ЦѽǣҿǾһ
Сġ
Ϸ糲ٿȻѹɢʯ𣬴ҶԴ޵Ķ졭
䣬
񱩵쫷ھŰɳ쫷ˮֵ˰գھڴƿڴŴٱ
˵ڸǣÿ˶Ŷţ̳һյʱ䣬˻һһ
ĿٿȻֹʱھжһ
ֹסˣ
˵ֵĶԾҲѾֳʤ
Īأ缸ͬʱⳡֶԾĽ¶ŨȤ
Դһĭɳ˳һʵ˵ϱ˭Ӯˣ
ҾǽӮˣɢʯ˵ʮ֣ʵӹɣǸϵʿȻֻǰ벽ʵҽϴû˵йôһ˵ʤȽϴ󡭡
ϣߣԴޱҶż˾ڡ
Ҷͷһۣ˵иƨ˼Ȼȥһˡ
ǰһ̶Ҷȥ
˭Ҳ֪ôˣûһṦɳȥžأһðԴ
һĸһĸԴӾ̽˳
ϣˣûطˣ
Ϊ׳˶̩绨У˶ûֻܼ㬵֧ھĸ˵ӡ
٣ôˣϸԾ绨нץͣͱϱߵԴޡ
𶯣ءףˡ
˵شɽµƽϣһɳԶɽϣǵԭ㵫˿еҲ̶õٲԱߣӰʮף൭ȻȻ
ִδй࣬ϵʿȴһɣȴһѳָףЦ硣
Ҷɫһ㶣ĵѵˣһ֪ϵʿ
ɻ󲻽֮䣬ȴǺһ죬µġѿսУԭʵȻɱһЦʹ죬ʹ죡ʮΨһܵסĳеˣҿҵıԣ͵Ϊֹ˰ɡ
ϵʿԣ˫ĿһгҲǵһ뱳Ľ֮ڣȴǶȻһԭȵɢ̬ȱ࣬ȻּȻ˴𸴣ϵʿǴֻ֮ͨĶԼ
Ǿʹ˴סȻ˵Ȼ嵽һٶʮжܻܵѣǺͨԳ֣кʤأ
ϵʿһ㶣˵ôƹ书Ȼǿô
ͨɵʧЦ˵Ǹ˵ѧţ֣ǧ֮ڣʤǧ֮⣬ߡһ治Ķֻ֡ϧⱲӶû֣ҿ˺ҪֵĻͲôˡֵĶԼֻϲһʱ֮ˣȻĳ޹ǲΪһٴζֵġ
ô˵ƶԡ
ûʾ£ҪʲôעΪ⸶أ
ϵֱͦ˵񡯡
˻һ͵һ㶣еҶȴǻһŵı顣ֵܽҶ㶼Ϊ𾪶еȡҶʧɫĶ̫ϡˣ⡰ʲôȻýҶͬʱأ
˲֪ʱҶѾ˾κˣΪ֪һЩʦŵʵҶ֪Ϊ񡱵ľƷɸ֮ǰеıƷеƷûǵصԪ֮⣬Ὺʦ˵ıһΪ֮
ԴӰٶǰѣȫɸеı뵱ʱһƷһͬʧδӽϳֹ벻Ȼ˺ͨУϵʿʲôȻ֪ѱȷ֪ںͨ
ܿоѣɻʵô֪ѽں£֪ﲻˡ
ϵʿδйľâ˵Ҳ֪ѽںͨ֪ͨǴʲô˵õѽ
ǳһĬƬ̣ʧһЦȻ˵Ŷ˵ղĽôһּϤĸоԭҲǡǺǡǼºӿûв룬ȻС֪ЩĻҲŵƨⱦ֮߸ȻϲȴǶĹüչȻܴӮȥԺ˵ҲδǼ¡
ţͻȻʧЦϷʵϵʿô˵ϵ¶񽣣ͨʵ⣬ǹΪ֮ĿľҪӮô
ϵʿһЦȻ˵źƹİҪǳԹֻºƹľԲͬģֲȱǮȱǮϵʿ£Ҳǲѵİ취ִϵƹǸ亣
ǲǸģȻһЦ¶һ˿Ц˵£ҪȡЦǸӼʱ䣬ҹ񫣬ת治١
幰һ˵¾ʹսᣬȻ͵ϡĳ˸ǣ롪
ٸָǡϵʿ׻
ϵʿЦһϧӡ
˵Ľ֣ԽԽȤˡնٴֽ̡˵˻һΣ˻Ϊһɫϸߣʹʧ
һƮƮʵŻ桪
ϵʿٲߵʯһվַǰһѳ룬ٲˮ֮£ɽɣŶһͬĻԺȥ
ƶա
ء
оŷҶһɳ죬ǿľѸһļֵܴ÷˰գ޽䱸֮£ˤ˸߻ء
Ҷڿнĸ䣬һ䵽ٲϣϵʿʮ׵ĵطһ˦Ϊ񣬹˵ʦֶҶݼʦ
ϵʿЦתͷ´ҶһۣͷЦϳҵġ̫Ԫ񹦡ǲŹõһ㰡ȴȻ겻ǸС廹ô


022 ʮ
һũҵУظҶ˶˲赹ˮæһӣ㶼˳⣬ԶԶ߿š
ͨ£ֻǶὣȱ»ûɡȫŮ٣Ǵϰ塢Ƶȵȣȫ˴ͷ
˼֮Ҷ׵ؾǱҵ񣬽֮﴾ӵǶҶ˸ж£˿֪ǰЩˣǲŻ⡣
ĸڸֶԾʱǣȥ֮⣬ûһ̡̿ɾɫ԰ף˵ˣ˵ĸٲ
ͨǮԸĲֻǿϧǴ羰ѵľƽˡ
˵ӵĲü뻹ҪࡣȻǺͤȽϼ򵥣ϧΧЩûи⾰Ҳزľɫˡ
ϰ弤ɫƵǮҲ￪ˣ㹻ڿ￪һʮľ¥ˡ
̡̿ɾ˺£Ƕȥ
˽Դϲ
Ҷ˷ĪΪϵʦλʵǿɺԺǿ֡
ҶλԳյʦݵ٣Ϊߵ书ڵġ̫Ԫ񹦡ĳһֻе񹦡Ĺ֮⣬λʦʦľʶƺƺΪϤԾ㹦ü٣˿ü٣ֻҪԼʦһ֪ࡣ
յĵڶ˼ʱҵһԶŻߵޣеõĺ켶Ʒϵ
ղżϯص磬ǡʩչЧҶһڻ֮ǻǣĽѡ
ʦŴѣ뼸ʦֵʮɽżȻҷһľɽڵס˵һĵط֪ͨͬţұ˽ȥ̽һȻǴ׵ӵзһ꼴ġԪһһرǧ
Ǿ
Ԫеıʮһʮһǿ壬٣Ƕϵڹ׳мǿĸãȻ㲻ĵرıõĹʵôΪ㷺ܶ൤ҩζ֮Ʒʶܵõ
еޣǧ˲ãȻûڻ£Σա
벻ζʦȻӵз
¶ɫ˵ϵʿ˾ţ֮ɱ֮󣬱跨ʦžۼأ׼ϱҵķֻ֡û뵽һصӪصʱͬλͬʦֵܣһλӵʦ壬ȫ˶ֳ֣Ѫ߰ߣΪңһ񶷡
˵¶һ˿ݣ˵ʱʦӵʵεһۼʦ书ǿʦ嶼ɥﻹ׷ŵ˵ȥͬű𣬵һʱִҴһصǴ֮ضڵľˮԴҰ˰ػʱ䣬
һ̾Ϣ¶ʱ龰Ķκмȱֲ֪ǺõС
ҶͬܣȻûǰǳƽ٣ȴյĸܣڵʱΣҲҸطȶǼʯͷȥӲƴ
ջһԺ󣬴ҾáѾɣȥѾ֮󣬱뿪׼ʦſû뵽˷ǣʦΧݰ˸أѾ˵԰ԭǶǻߵʯֻֿ̹ܿ˵ӰǧһǻŵģҲһūûͷԸӡԭҲʦʦţһȲʦŴѵԭί屳ĵ˭
Ҳ鵽ĵһȷеԼ䱳֮ұϵֹ˲ãΪ¶˿Է׷ɱֻһ·ӣһֱӵĵ֮УŰЩ˵׷ɱˣҲ֪ҵʵǱǿѰʵķֱҵϰ׹񣬷еӻعԭ˵Ҳһδո˵ʦţһʱˣȻŻطʦඡ
ҶȻ˵ɼ࣬뵽Է֮У찵áǧ׷ɱмԲôףǲΪ˵Ҳ
ҶûﵱеһΪ֮һ㣬ǵʦҲﲻ˵ΣǾڱʦųе˭
ʦ鵽ǸɣǸҶʵ
տһۣ룬ȷ˵ԭڸʦȷ֪֮ͨЩӡڽ֪¼֪ʦصĵӣպҲ㣬ҲͲмǣûеõʦ֮ͬǰ㲻κеΪΪǿڵɾԲĶ֣һԷ֪࣬ԷһٵжУδָԪɣٶȴݻٵġ
Ҷ϶صͷӦλֵܼ漰ɵش£֪ظˣʦ̸ֶ
˳ļˣĬĬ˵ͷЦҶʦֶ⼸λѶˣһ书ףǱͣҶʦֶΪѣǳ
Ҷæǫ˼䣬Щ׻Ͼ
һսҶ˵ʦ鵽ĵˣʮһķˣԷǵֱӲݽɱʦŸֵǳսŵͨеġ񡯺С
Ҷ۾һնؿҶ۾˵Ҿڽϻ˴ǮϢ˵ԷΪĳ£һѾƷͨԷ˵ġ롯УδʧȥϢб˵ɵ˵ġ˷Ĵ̽ȷϣȻԷ˺ͨǧټƣŴĵõѧѱһ֣ᰮĺͨϹհѡҡ
Ҷ˷ŻȻһ˽ľ
ʦȻӮˡʮĽ壬˵ʦʵ롮ô
ԹЦҡͷ˵ǽĶ֣ԭΪһǽҲһ㣬Ϊˡ񡯿ƴģΪ飬ǲΪ˶Ը⡣ҪӮҲף㽫һܣҲмļһЩˣòʧ˳ˮۣԶϸ˶ѣԵûзȣָӡպˣҲûйϵ
ҶЦصͷԭ⡰ʮ֡ҲģԼλʦҲǸɵˣȻĵİ׼ȷʵ֤ǶԵġ
һֱӻתɽȥؽɻòõϹͷҲȥСϳʲôģԺǾ͸ɡҶ֮ǰ˴˷г̣֪ǵȥֱӳˡ
ҶٺһЦ˵ҪǼʦָֻʱò֪᲻ἵʵѪأ


023 ֮ͼ
ΪͬǰֶҶ죬ڵڶ磬
ʦǸҪӵˣһعɽŪء񡱾Ϳó
öϵʿӲҪҶʲô޳ϵʿҪԼͷûˤı¿͸Ҷ
ģѾһͷţˣ
Ҷƴؾܾһ飬ϵʿȻҲЩ᲻õӣϵʿһĴȣӻͳһƲ֣µرȻ˵֮أӵõǰźϵõһƤһѽһؼŲƵƤ֮⣬Ǹǰûκζ
ƤϵĹЩޣҲʲô˼ӦĶ൱ҪΪСñ̵ͼƷıȻֻһ׺ۣƤͬ죬ܹĶҲǷ
Ҽϲ̽ȥΪ̽գԾͰƤͼ͸ɣϣһܲ͸еܡ
óŲƵƤʱҶ۾ͷųһЩɫʣֽƤӹʱ򣬸ǵȷϣȻǵԼͼ
ĺͼ嶦ʢʱڵĸļܺͶĹ⻹ǵľɽׯͼʱ˵ģԭҶѾĲˣΪչһһž϶еġ޽벻£վȻִһλĹǰõһ顣
Ҷϲ֣æظлϵʿ
ȴЩȻ˵ף֣㲻ЩϡŹֵĶŪ㣬ȴлңó㻹˵ġô£
ҶʱƤҪ壬ΪҪҶ˵ʵҲǲ̫ҪϾⶫֻǶʥһ壬ڻ˵ֻǿʵֶͳΣڳ͢ԸˡðɣԸ˵壬ҲܵõĴֺ֧ʵ꣬ȡĺô
ҵȻҪллʦඣҶƤǰһ˷˵ⶫȻ֪ʲôģƷȥֻһ׺ۣ˵Ұǰ͵ڶһ㼫ǿķô
һ㶣δǶȿǹƤļֵôõĻһ˵Ķ
չЦֱ̾Ҷ˼룬ֶߵõᵱɾһزŪ벻Ҷɵá
úúãôãⶫˣŪҲۡҶļ˵ôˣǺڣ
ʦ
ҶΪմЦë¿Сë¿εεسȥǱɽķ

ȵʧڹٵת䴦ˮֵ̩ܷŸ˹
ιߣ㲻˼ʦˣҲǳУԵǶûòԴ߶˹
ҶͷһЦ˵Ҳǳҿʦǳ
Ϊʲôʦôôɢʯʵ
ҶһԶȥĵ·͵ʦ̫ӣͷֲԣϾô飬ǵøʲôҶˣ˰ë¿͸ҵͷҶôѾˣҪǶڵĻðڿ㶼͸ǣ
˺ôЦ
ϵʿȷʵͦ˼
Դ޺ʵûҪʦë¿ʲô
ҶЦӯӯؿһۣĿ˽ˮϣ˵˵ܺⶫǴֻ˵
˴ػһмΪ졣
ҪҶԲӵġ
˵еĽˮüͷһ¶²˵Ҽ֪ĶǾ߸絥ڳֵδڳʱҼˡֵ֮ǰĶҷǳҪ
ˮ۾һ¶ŵ񣬵ǲ²ʵҸ߸絥һӣǾǰʱ⣬Ǵɽׯ߸ʱıඡ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷôģϢϰϲµϰ˵Դ᲻иоƬ֮Ķأ
ˮ룬ʵҵǲ²˼ҪĶֵֻûġٸʾô
йأҶôһ˵ˮһܲµ
ȻҶ˵꣬ˮԱ򶨣ʵõһšͼ
ŶӾô
˻Ȼ֮£æ׷ʡ
ҶЦŴӻͳŲƵƤòӣڶ൶ĺۼлչĺۼȵȣˡ
Ȳ
ˮУͣط˵ȻǡͼȷϹô
Ҷһ֣ǺһİƷ佣УƤһƤ͵һ٣ȴǸûͱơ
ѽԹԣԴ͵˹ȥ۷Ź˵ǸɶƤƷƣۼûУòްɣ
Ҷͽˮͬʱһѵģû⡣
ƷκκۼƷֻ¸׵㣬ѵⶫֻŪôƤԭˣ²Ҳ˰ɡ
ˮһѽͼƬԴ˻ϸšͼ
һԱ˱Դ޹ϰˣõǹ죬㿴öô
ˮԴޣƬΣ㽫ͼƬݸҶüͷ˵߸磬ǵľܴ磬Щûж˵ʵ
ҶĬûӦֻǽ߬ƤһͷֵֻصᵱС
ϰˣ˵ǵλľܴƭʲôϸԾԴޣһݾͳŽˮʶ
ˮһЦһ֮󣬷ŸҶ˵ľܴ磬˵ʥûֻ˵ϱ߼¼ļʽһЩδûô򵥡
Ϊʲôô˵ҶҲԻ󣬲ˮ
ˮƤ̯ϣָż˺˵ղ߸ԹƷºۼļۼ˵ðƷϵıšͼƬôԵĺۼܹºۼģӦϵĸȫһ
˵˵ͷ
ܹϱºۼģһǸıǿߡ
ˮ˵˵֮ΪɱµĺۼҲ˵ùȥľ˵ģҪԻ岢ҪҪ˵ϣľһ˵˵ġ뿴⵹˺ۡ
ˮָƤϵһۼ˵ۼǽۣǵۼ֪ǲýġҲ˵ںܾǰƤˣֹԼлߡ
ⲻ˵ʲôɢʯ˵ҲԼӶ˻ĸְĳһء
Դ޵ͷ˵ܡ֪ܲǼǸͼƬǡɽҰϡĪҰʮɽеҰҵģһ뾮£һλֵźҵġҲ˵ͼڵʱǱġһֲԶðΣȥʥΪʲôأ
ʱҲǲ²ôǸɵľˣƤΪ˵õ޽Ϊֲ޾ԼʱֱӲϵ
ˮЦ˵Ҽǵľܴô˵ġأʾ׵ô֪ҰƤͼǡ֪ͼϼľܴ˵ʱͼһΪġѵ帱ƤȷûȥҰô˻ûµİɡ
Ҷ˳˼
ȷǸʣ˲ֱӱ֪ҰеƤϵģ˸ѣԵʱľ˵ҲѾǰǽǧˣڵܹм֪ƤϵľϢأ
ˮ˵ȻⶼҵĲ²⡣֪ǰû˵̸ġͼƬεõġ
Ҷһ˵Ҳʦ֮ʱֵⷢżУһλʧĵĻźҵġ
˻Ȼ
ǻǰᵽġͼ
ֱ̫ˡ
˵⣡
ľܵͣⶫһֳ飬ǵ֮ʱ÷ֵģʮɽҰڣõľܵ䣬ҲûʥһĶ
ǿҰġͼͷĲɻʸפʹߺʿǽػţʱԼõһ飬ĸأ
ҰǿƤСʱҶţǿ֮һСѵǴĸƤô
Ʒıȥֻܽͼһ׺۶ѣѵô
ҶϸһƤıԵǱģиġҿһȦԵǲʱϿģȺϿ
ǵ꡶ͼʱһ飬ǲ˵ǵеһأģǻĸʧȥıأ
ߵʱľܾȫѣͼǷѳ飬Ǹ飬ֻеģֻѣģĸֵõˡ
ҶԼĹ۲˵˳
ˮ˵һƶϣ󵨵ƶϣǧȥѰҺšͼΪκڽ壬Ϊ˵õʵʵĺô˵ĺôʵšͼϣҲֱʵķȻǡ޽ӾСӦǡ
ˮɫһ䣬ΪԼĲ²һɫסڲ
Ϊʲô㵹ǽ˵ȼ˰֮绨ܲ˽ˮĳĬˣԴߴٵ
ԴƲ˵ʲôеǿȥ׷ѰĶȻǡաһˡ
գ
˺ٿȻü
ܵĵõԲǶһеʿаܹյ֪ʶûնȥҲõõˣ书һ
ۣƶϣҲ˵ΪʲôƤ˵ĽʵˡǼ¼ʽ͸ʲôʵһƤͿԼ¼Ҳ㹻ã治ҪôһűѾǾƷƤ¼
ˮ⡰ͼƬ˵Ҳʱ֪顶ͼ֣屾Ĳ䣬Ϊᡮաؼ˳ͻڡ֡ǿߣһͬƤͬʱƤ˺ˡԱԵ˲룿
Ҷڳһ˵뷨еǧֹ࡮աǿߣ岿һͳʱ˿ҲǳǧĹȣôûСաǿأҲšͼõıǵĳաǿؼЩƬҲܵõǿߵĴУõաܡ
̩˵Ҳֻ˵Ϊʲôô໪ǿߣȥѰҲֻСաܣֵЩжٮǿߣȥѰң


024 ׷β
ҶĬĬűܴݲСµġͼƬ̾ϣ̫δ֪ˡǵһһĺ˼
ҶѾÿ춼ֵˣÿ춼ʸС
պһҪһ֮ˣ
λֵҲ쳣˷ܣеõôһ챦Ķÿ׷Ϊ˵һμĹ
ٺ٣ֵǣԴЦƣ˵עɫ˷ܶǵͨ죬㵸˵ҪĽҰĽܴ̼ѡǲҪʱˣͷϻһðڽأҿɡҲܵõȱĶ
һЦ
Ĵͷ⡶ͼĲ²ģǿǡ챦ر˰ǸعôܱȵϡɢʯһȡЦԴޣһʰװȻԼðҲǼΪ
˵ˣҶʰװ˴Ӵ֮ϣǳ
˵ƥʧƥһƥһƥȣܸء
ǻ˵شΣһִֽʵĲϳƥ֮ҶͽˮԳ֮⣬˶
ͬǳΪķֵУǶʧ˾ĲƷϾ£ණ䲻ڵĿĵ֮ǰܹǽƷġ
Ҷٴγçɽķǰ󣬲·̵ĵطһӰ˶βҶ˵·׷š
ҶƥĵطǽеļӶ˼ϵһģУҶڴ˵ĻӦϳλǸˡ
ƳһϲˣԷŵòֱӴӣҴҶȥ
ּǮۿˣǴҪ󾡿Ҷˣһ˵ļһͱ͸
߳˳УǿٸϵֿڣһȴһǣһϹ˵ʹˣˣǡ
ĸ˵һɫ԰׵ﱩֹϽߣʲôطһζ˵꣬תŤƨɾ߿ˡ
ǸˣŤŤӣȴǸʮ
һɫ˶ԷıӰһۣһЦظȥ
Ҷ˰γ˳԰Ͻֶ֮ĵ죬ǲźͬӹһġ۶ϽǣһϽֶ汻˼ҸˣͷƤתӵȴһǾ֪˶ٵġꡱҰԸ˳ſڡ
ΪٰҦĻȴûܱӣﶼС԰ȻвٵĿͷŸǳԡ
ôǼΪбˣӹһ٣ΪɫȻҲӹһ٣ȴΪһٶһû취·ôס
ҦʢǲԼˣԴӣؼ׷ɱҶˣʧھϵɽУԱ㽫Ǻͷȫϣһ·׷Ҷ
ȻԼؾжȻһ֮԰ӴҦʢҲһҸҪˣǺ͸ҶЩˣԭڳ԰Ҫ÷硢Ҫ꣬벻ȴ㱻˸ɵ˵ʲôҲʲȥȻԸһˣǰ
ۣȻϲ˷еʮֿģʱͳһĸ
š໨ߡĵǲһɵڳдҶ˵٣˲һʱѾ֪Ҷ˵ȥ
Ҷ˵ٲգûпΣͬʱҲΪеļˣ죬һΪϣ׷ûôѡ
һ˻תһСջ¥ò͡
߽ͷҲ̧ʵˣ
Ǹæ˵ˣء
治ÿɷֱӣ˲죬˸Ƿ˵òͰɣһҪȥ˯
ǵľȻԣǰ컹ҹ׷ϣô֪˶Էг̣λȴżأ
˿ջ¥صԼķ䣬Ŷ룬һס
ħӼ˻ɻЦ˵λԱɣӽֻҪŶԷͿԣ׷ֻҪ˶Է٣Ϳˡþ񣬹˼죬ǵĿĵأȻԹԹг𱨳ˣ
˵꣬ħһ֣ڶ£ִ֮⣬ҲǸɢȥˡ


025 Ѱ
Ҷһ·ϣֻɽˮĦͬطδ˸١
һ·أգڶһ磬ֱ뽼ççɽ֮ȥˡ
çɽ´һĵСȣ˼ɽĹȡ
ҰöˣɽΧİɽϣɽ軨ͷ׶ʡ
Ⱥƣգֻеÿյ磬ܴСϷʱ䣬ڶƷ⣬ããһƬ
һգɽ΢΢ʱ֣մӿ룬ɢ˹еŨ
һ˵٣ɽΧͱϣ£Ṧһһĸ֣˸߶ͱڣȴƽһ㡣ˣȻʱʱ䷽ŵȵס
⼸˵Ȼð˵Ҷˡ
绨´ͷϵˮϺˮһۻЩʪص̹ȣʵѽطʦôҵİ
ɢʯҲ˵ͷ˵ɽȻȲʮɽδ󣬵ɽվ˼çɽ´ƽٽƽԭûأ벻ֻɽ´㶸Ȼգ֮أֲõʮ֮һġ˷ϸšˣҲʦŵĽأСȣѰ
ԴЦʦҲǽˡ˷ϸšλʦޣеõ鱨֪ôصģ֮Ǽתƾ˿ҵ˵ء˵ȱ£µһκһ˶Ѱġǰͱһָ˵ĲݴԺиɽܿعˡ
ۼĿ˵ж˷쳣
ǵյʯű󣬵εһгڴ
Ҷǧϻһȳǰȥӣϻϼҫǰ˸ߵĹľӲݱˢˢظϣ谭سԴָĵطȥ
δҶļ˻࿴һۣæȥ
ݴԣڹľйȻһһİŵ棬ǵҵһ㣬Ŀռͱڵ棬ûָ㣬ڹľз
εİԱߣʯϿš˷ϸšı־ͬһֻпѰ֮Żᷢ֡
ӰлȥѾǻ谵һƬȻӰҶԾѪɢʯȴ޷ںڰп׼õ֬ѣ붴֮㱻ȼ
ȷǡ˷ϸšĽأ绨ûܵǽڣɵø̾
Ҳ´Ǹǿŵĵطһ߶ޣÿ˶ǲվߣֻǸյĿռ䣬ȫ˹ĺۼ͵عڵӡ
Դ޺ٺЦЩñҪôҵڣﻹֵõʦꡮ˷ϸšĺôҲأҵġ
ԴЦߵһǽ֮ǰԱߵʯһңԱߵǽͻȻһһ˵ֱȥ
㿴ǵмǿĻģȸ֣ҲҲ򲻿
Դ׼ԲᶯĻ֮ʱҶ͵һ죬æԣСģ
ĺͬһʱ̣ٿȻౡһļ֮ðĵɫĹâޱȵٶȴԲзɳԴϡ
Դ⧲ټϿռޣ֮£Ȼ⣬ȴȻ˸š
һҽУͻӣҪϵ֮ɨɣͬʱٵء
ǡౡ̶֮ļУ׷ȴϼսնϡ
ôɢʯӭͷϣԴ޷ס
ѵĹ֮£ѿԴ紦ѣѪۣߣϣѪ
ȻģԴˣ˿ڻж
ɺʲôʹֲȻ֮ˡ
ౡ첻ϣѭ䣬ɵöһʱǶʯһԵĶѨһԼ࣬ϸϸŵ򼡣
ֻȫҺڷ˫⣬ڰУյСơԴϣɫһ壬С룬зâɲѼֻǴʱеɫѾҶıնϣ˳˿ˮֲġ
ɢʯֻ̧ͷһۣͷ˵򼣬Ȼ룬ѾаˡⶫжϽɱǵðԴóǶԽٳĶҲġ
һ˵ţɢʯһߴӿڴóһСȥͽԴ͵˿ڸƣųѪҲ˳Դޣ˺ѪɢһöںҩԴ޵͡
˹⾲ȡ飬ٸ㳹κãвţûȥأ־Ͳȡ壬治֪ʥǰôģˮƽܳɽ˺档
Դε˵̫û⼼ˣˡҲûϵһﾹȻﶨӣǰûеİʧ߰
Դ˶ɢʯչˣҶȻõģȫĵضԸͻȻֵľͶ档
ʱֻ򼣬ʱȫȻѨ֮⣬ڻ֮£ϸܵĳ붯â˸ޱȡ
̩һµȻȴһǺնȥ
һƬΣۿѿͷ
򼡰ౡһƶ䣬뻮Ѽһԣͷǽ֮֡ৡ𣬲̩ϡ
̩һ۶һͣ־һƬ棬ϸߣ׵ķΧ
ȻǶ֣еһ֣Ҳгͬȱ㣬Ե»һƬҵĻ潵٣򼶥ϵĳӣˣͬʱвʱŻɫֿ̩ϵ
̩һתһĴֳȴû뵽ͬ˽֮ϣֻǽǶһںɫĳֻ΢Щͣȴûܿƣ˶޵ķһ
ȻЩͣҲشȴû˶սϸȻת䣬̩һ
˴ռС̩ʹַǳľ޴һǰֵܼ˾ȫ޷ȥֻվ̩󣬸֧Ԯֲҿ̫赲̩˵·ߡ
ֵУֻҶٿտӽԹѾƵ򼣬ֻʱ׼ڹؼʱ̸Ƕһ
ֻ˵е绨Уʱȴɫ࣬ǰҲͣ´ƺºڰٴܳʲô
ھԴ޿Уɵʵô˺Уҿ㶼ˣôô
绨һ۾ɵԲ㶮ƨTMDǵĴ磡


026 ع
ԴһĲţһ룬žʵΪ㹷յ첻¡ز£ģò³Ӱɣ
ƨ绨ʱŭǲ³ӣ
Դϥڵϣɷµصͷ˵Ŷǵģǵģǵ绨үôܺ¡Ŷ
绨Դޱÿ־壬͵ͻȻһָ绨󣬡Сģ
绨еĺëٿȻը͵سǰ˳ȥųһ亹
绨͵˦ȣȵȻתʱȴʲôĵĳӣ
ȻԴ޼ɵĹЦڵͰĿռУͣطŴ
TMDһ㶼Ц绨ŭ죬ȥԴ޵ıȭʱЩֽŷ飬亹ֱð
ԴＸЦ̱ڵϵͬʱһߵսҲеΪؼʱ
ѾսԼĪаյȲʱ䣬̩ѽǾ޴붾򼿳塢ǰƷıںصĳ˵˺ۣûͱף򼻹ûܵ˺
Ķļڶ̩ϵһ˸һɶûв˵ˡ
һŻʱҶɲǸɴţ׼ᣬ̩صٴԴ֮ʱϼϳ½նϣͬʱĵϼⶴͷ²ļֻ㣬εضʯ֮ϡ
ոռ翽Ҳ̽ļ׿֮У׿̫أȻԴ̽ȥȴû͸׿ǣ˺ĳ壬˼֮Ҷûмҹ
ౡ
ƴ˻̩˫ĿһϷŹλᣬһתµϻΪһųǰһݣ͵غͷϡ
һǴӿʼΪʵһ
ǿ˲򼳶˱ǽϵĳ㣬ӴٿȻ˳ȥͬʱԴ˸󶴣ɫѪĴ罦Ūǽڡ
ҲһһսĳζֻȻѾǿ֮ĩˡ
ԶҶɿ̩ΪʱؿͷѾƣˡ
ʱˣ
Ҷƾ׼翽ϼٴӻѣ״̬˿ڴ˽ȥˣƵ𣬼ӽѾͷ֮ڣѪӿȪ
չ˳ǿڲ˻Уͣķʯڱ絶ĳиʯ۷裬˰ʱ䣬򼷽תΪһƬ˸ʯУżŲˡ
һڴԴڵЦǵðһʼͱ˸߳˰
ϣⲻʲôùԤסҶݺݵһԴޣа룺Ǵ·ˣðյĳڱҵô¶ԲʲôɵϲƬ
˻δعһ⣬һʱڶɢʯȡ֮ɫԴ͵˿һ֮͵˿ۿɱٶѸףƬ̹򣬱ͨ˿ڡ
ɢʯϴҩԴ޵˿ڴ֮Դ޼ٵػָж
оôɢʯһʰҩһʵ
˿ڻЩۣûԵĸоԴҲûиղŵγˡֻ˵СˣѾӰжˡͺá
Դ޻һȽţ˦˦ԴȷԼû֮󣬱ȥ¿ܵ
ҶЩĵ˵ҪҹɣϢһϡ
ڼ֮ǰ˯ԲУԴͷҲص˵˵ʱҲ˯Űҷİɣû¡ͬʱҲ֤ûΣյˣеĻѾʦͣˣһֱʯǰһ·ͨ뻹ҪϼʱĿĵ֮Ϣ١
˼֣ҲûֻҪǿԵˡ
ԴްʯһŪԱ޷϶ʯڣȻشһֻһ˴ĶѨ
λɣǧǰʧʮ֮һܾͳڴҵǰȴǵķˣ˷ܰɣԴ㵸˵
ֵһεؿһۣ㶼ҡҡͷ˽ȥ
ȥ֮ǵùţԴ֮⣬ҶһȥģͯһԴޣҶĵؽ
İɡҽʯţԴҲ˽ȥĻһŪʯָһ춯¹ر
ҾôûбĸоԴ޲ƴڻ˵
һֱµǰռѹֲûб֮ǰʯ̫࣬绨㶼ҪӲܳǰߡ
ǵع𣿡绨ԹTMDһéӻխĵص


027 
绨ıԹУһ·ǰС
ڵʯڣ⻬ϸ壬ް㳱ʪ֮Уˮ˵ǰԴ޷ﶼŻѣСյһƬͨ
ûʲôأôСĵطұ׼һ꣡绨ߺ޵
ԴһƲ죬˵ô֪ûлأ߻أףһģûеطءֻʦߵ˻ңĻعر˶ѣŴ˵ΣѰҲʦͽˣҲؿŻأ
һ亹ϸǽڣȻڼط˹رյףɵûһ񺮡
ɲ˵Цģ㹦ٸߣпСҪҪľҪСĽ˵Ͷʯ·ɲ˵Ƿ죬ûĳϡͺñߵÿʯͷȥʲôذ尡̽ĪС⿴ƵͶ˵ֶΣʱʲô񹦾ܾһ
Դһ·ҫԼжੲݵɧУҲ֪˲ٹܻļɡ
ϸʲôĳӣͣ죬ת˼֮Ȼƽ̹½˺ܳһʱ䣬ָֻƽ̹
ʼƣҺãûֵĶСЩʱǻԸоʵĿǽϵĿ϶µǽڶкܶƵĿ϶
ۣΪصóҪԶȥʱһת֮ǰٿȻһգҲˬһ޴Ŀռǰ
˶̲סһΪԼ˷ϸҲѡ
ֶͬʱŶһΪǰĵص̾ѡ
һ޴ĵصܶ߳ʮף򳡡
ʯӴϵµھ޴Ȼ֮УעĿģЩ˹ĺۼ
ģĽռ䵱Уǹ㳡Уһʮ׸ߵǸŮ󣬳šųۣһֱųƿһżöҶϴЦ⣬һɻĹŵϢ
Ӧԭеʯ̶ɵģһʯҡ
Ҷ̧ͷԴ޿Ҷע޴ĵ񣬱ߵ˵ǡ˷ϸšĳʦλ˳Ϊ񡯵ĸ֣Ѿû֪ˡϾɵѾǧ꣬˷ϸšҲɳ꣬˭ܼǵǸԶָء
ҶЦ
񡱣Ҳλ书ϧŴеĶϾپҲܲסʱĥ£ֶʧǵļ֮С
Դ޵Ĵ£һ·ǰУһ·˵֮£ԴָָҶ˵˷ϸšĻ͵ڵеļƬҶ棬껹Һֵʱзֵġ
ҶôȻǵʥǰֵģʦ
ԴЦôܡֻʦСﻹλߵͷģҵ￴һҲңûûΣŻվͷȥͷȻܣҲʦһٱ򣬽ƨɵӿҲȥˡ
˺ȻЦ˽ԴСʱƤԸͬʱҲλŵҪȴǵĹͣĵʥǰеʮֵĺ档
Ҷ̧ͷŵ˵Ȼ˱ɽпֶĵ
˫ֺʲĬǰϣҶݣǰҲϣԼľѧʹûɽ֮УԸ롰񡱾ѧ䷢պ󶨵Ϊǰܽܺ󱲵
֮Ҷ˵ȥǵʯɣ¼ѧ
˵ͷ׷Զȥ
ˮҪѻѵݸҶȴʾⲻãҶ۾ںڰ֮Ȼ˵ͬ磬Ҳֶѣʯʲôּ׿ġ
һҶټһݡʮ׸ߵĵϣֱ˵ָ˵ҶƬʯʵ̶ɵҶϣȻȭͷСּ侭ǧʱ䣬ȴΪ˵طնδܵκεؼ¼š˷ϸšĻַԦ˷
װַֻǰֲͬհַ˾ţÿַӵ͵ߣǳϵ˾ҲΪǲɶõľѧ
ҶֱӴ򿪡ŋ翸󡱵¼ϵͳ׻İַ¼յȻǻƼƷĸ߶ȡ
һ˵ĹлƼѾǼˡ
¼ɵҶתȥͷȻһ٣͵ؾѵףꡮ˷ϸšĵΪҪѧ¼ʦĵ֮أΪ˽ʦžѧȥΪʾʦĸ񹦡һ֣Ӧֻǽһ׻¼ﰡֻҪڵµʯϱˣ
Ҷɵ˼һ𣬾ͿʼѲͬʱа˷ϸšĵӽַϵҶϣǲζֻǰַԵ˰ϣֲ²ȷĻҲطĹԴޣڰԿϱ𴦵ֻּΪǡطŷҶϵܣط˵ҲǴûϸҹġ
ҶںڰӰ죬Բ鿴һǻʣΪ֮Ĳ֮£Ȼϵܡ
ڵ廨Ьϣ˻صһΪתƼƷ棬һסƷ䡿ĳȼƷѧڵķϣһС춨ġĳȼƷѧ
ЩӦöǡ˷ϸšΪĵĹˡ
ֻҶұ˵ȫȹ׶˸飬Ҳûκһŵڹķ
ɾ̫ˡ
Ȼ˷ϸšĵӻǧĽѧʯ֮ϣǾûҪڹķ˰ɡ
ҶĦ°ͣվڲԶķϣϸ޴ĵҪҳһĵط
񣬴һʼʱ򣬾͸Ҷһֲ̫һĸоܾе㲻̫ͷƫƫ˵˵ǰʱҲƵĵӽľǹ˰ɣҲĴݣһ˵ӣƿӶǹʿе֬ƿ
֬ƿ
԰
Ҷ͵ؾѣ
⡰񡱵ǡ˷ϸšĺӸʦ̳ģǡǰǸֲָ֣ɣû±ƿʲôôѵåһơƿ˲ɣǺ˵ӹҲûҪӸƿȥϣ
ҶԽԽòԾԽԽӦԼҪѰҵĴ𰸡
뵽˴Ҷѹеļеħһֱ˵ļϣƿڵλá


028 ˮ
Ȼ⣡
ǵƿӣȻǵ̳ӵģȫȫĿģǸ޴ʯƿ
ճ˵ô޴ʯ̵ȫûбҪƿӳǣﾹȻĳһƿӣǾ˵һЩʲôš
ڹڹ
òİڹķƿڲɣ
Ҷеļּرص飬˷ܲѡ
ֲÿ˶ΪðռѣַϲúУ
ƿں㹻һͨУҶһöͭǮѧһءͶʯ·ͭǮƿڣһԵƬ̣Ȼû⡣
ҶҪƿڣԶȴͻȻ绨ĴɤţȵߣǵˣϽĥɶأ
Ҷѹſϲͷһ£ֱˣ
ʲôԴѯʡ
صĶڣȽȥ
ҪԼ
Դ޵Ļδ䣬ҶѾƿ֮С
Ҷ¸һƿףͷ¡һʱƿھȻԶ
ҶһãʯڣѾܷʵʵ
ҿǡͶʯ·ô
һǽ¶Ҷ˵أΪаû뵽ȴһɺԵ죬ԺۡһˮֱӳҶϡ
һ亹͵ð˳
ҶΪʲôˮ֮ĶһΣʬ޴֡
ͨˮѣ⵹ҶһͬʱҲԼȻô塣
ˮƲСƬ̱㸲ǵҶСȡ
е㲻Ҷ˱佣ʯ͵һһ֮£Ȼֻһ׺ۡ
ʯ
ʯƿȻʯҵĹ죬رĶʯƿӣҶЩԾˡԭΪһʯ̶ɣû뵽⻳ﱧŵһƿرģԼǵù
Ȼǽڲܹ򿪵ĵطƿڡ
Ҷ㹦͵ش𣬵һ佣޹һϼ֣翽ӱġǧϻе͵شƿڵʯ֮ϣǶһСӣҪͱ

ʱҲˡˡû֮ȻλֵҲϵ˴˴ǰԮҶ
æҰҶȵʱˮѾҶϥǴ
Ҷߣ׳գԴ޳ĺ㵱ǼҺԺţżTMD
ٷϻҳȥˮѾ͵ƨˣ
ˮ˻һۣʲôҰɣ绨ĴԲǡ䡱һʯƿϣһǳ֣ȶЩ˹ʯƿӲûһĺۼ
˵ʱȫɵۡ
ס֣ס֣TMDϹŪԴæ˫ֹ绨ıΪѧžϸѧʣܷǵûоȳߣһŪ˻أɾĴ򲻿ˡҶ㿪
Դ޻˺ˣԼʯƿΧȥֹ˵ŵĻһ⸽κλضӦһûȫأһڵĵӲСĴǱĽ֣ⲻϳһ֮ǲأΥ٣ȻļٵĲ֪ѧ˶ҲôһУһС
ŪˮҶƵʯƿڴ˳
ģҪһᡭԴҲǼͷ󺹣ȴôҲҲڡ
ѵ棡
ԴͻȻô뵽ƿڣߣǧżԽżԽ׺Сϸڡ
ٷϻҵү侲TMD㣬ʱ侲侲ء
Դ޷˸ۣ㿴棬һûʲôرĵطпܾ棡
ҶԴ޵Ļһʼ鿴
ͬһʱ̣ԴҲʯƿҡ
Ҷֻһ̽飬Ȼƿڵŵһʯϣдĸ֡ˮ
ˮ
ʲô˼ѵˮ֮󣬾ͻʲôô
ѵŻƿڵλû´򿪣

ʱʯƿ˵ȵĻңͣشߴͬͷðԴޡ
ף
ԴʯƿʱָͻһȻһ񻨶Ļλÿ˽ȥһء
Դ޴ϲͷ˱˸ʤƣ˵ҵˣ
ͬϲæߴٵ򿪣򿪣
Դްָ˽ȥҪأʯƿڵҶҵˣʯ֣
Դһ£æʵʲô֣
ˮ
ԴһɻҲͣ
ˮ
ˮ
⴦·ֵĻʲô
ѵǼٵģĻزȷ򿪻ص;෴壬ֲ뿪;
ڵʯƿˮǴĶһҲǾģǾ䰵дǡˮֲǡˮ
Ӧĸ
ιôˮѾûˣҪʯƿռ乻󣬵үˡҶʯƿڴ˳
ĸ缸Ҳеļѡ
̩ǰʵ㲻ǷֻôΪʲô򿪡
Դҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ʯƿѣ淢ֵĻءΪ߻ìܣȻͲܴǾͲصĻˡҸѡһأ
ԴѣһԼ۶ĻأȴշĳأҶأʱ򲻵òء
ۿ绨ŭ㲻ҿ
˵绨б㳯߳˹־Ҫأ
TMDҹԴ¿Ƿˣȥ͸绨һȭһ绨˰벽ֱס
죬ͱҶ֣ԴTMDˣûʱǽͣ
绨͵رҪ֣ʣµĸ缸æ绨ס
̩ɢʯˮ˺һǿֹ绨ж绨ȻͣҲүʱ㻹TMDǣһͷ˺죡
̩ͣȰ壬Ҷżھа취ֳԴ޺ȵӰ죬취
绨̩˵ҲٺֻһŭضʯƿڣϣǸҵ취뿪
Դ޺ͷϸŵʦԼƽصĸַ
һһ
һ
ʯƿ֮з֣ʯƿ֮ⷢ˻ءһأ
Դʾ֭䣬ͻȻʯƿڴҶʵˮѾˣҵ׸ô
Դһ͵һģҪ¶ȥأ͵һ𣬡Ҹô仰ͻȻʦ˵һ仰κλأ˻һ
˻ˡһ


029 ֮
Դ͵򵽣ûǸһ
ðգֵܼһжģߣһǰðգ⴦أȻһô⴦Ȼר˵ģƻص˲ῼǰһǶ
رܿôһأİť棬Ƕʯƿе˵Ǳ֣֮
ӦǲԵġ
˵Ҷһ˻أҲӦûҵһӶ
һȻ⴦ذťťʲô;֮Ǹ˻ص׼ġ
뵽˴Դ͵ðһͷ亹һʯƿںߣţң㿴־ǽ֮һסˮһ̣һʲôطǿԴ򿪵ġǵϸѰң
ʱ򣬽ˮ͵ش˹߸磬ʵڲУˡǧϻĶһͱƿڵġ
Դһ㶣ͬʱļҲһ㶣ֻ绨һţȵ԰Ƕ
ʲô
ɻ񣬽ˮЦûŴһҾ֪ˡΪ߸緽ġ
һɻʱԴ޷뵽ЩʲôֻǶԼ뵽ĶǾò˼飬˻Ҫ𾪵Žˮ
İ磬ģ֪ˣˮеЦЦ
˵ĺɵҲᣬʱʯƿڵҶѾȫûˮС
һʧ֮ǰҶ͵һǱˮףĵشͷѰ
ˮעʯƿҶϸ۲עˮڣճ˵Ӧòܷ״̬ʧֻ֮ǰҶôѰңҲûҵʧķ϶
ʱҶȷϣˮעʯƿ֮Ƿ񻹻ע롣
ҶȷʯƿڵˮѾȫˣֻڳˮڴ֣Եظоˮڲͣע룬Ҳ˵һʲôط©ˮ
Ҷڹˮױʱǳ˵ļʮȻżħųһγϸ˿ˮƮ©ˮĵطܵˮǣһҵ
ȻƬ̣ҶҵˮʧĵطʯƿƿڸλãǼûĻӦǽŵ۰ĵط
պ÷ҶѰһأȻָһĳĳһ׶ָ
Ҷҵָ˽ȥһ͵һ

춯ˮдԵر
һ죬潹ȴļҲУҶ֡
Ҷֻƿ׵λã¡һ죬׶ٴγ֣ʯƿڵˮ˳ſ׶ٵ˶ȥ
û£ˮѾȥˣҶӦŵǵ׷ʡ
һ
ˮʧƿڵĸӻûд򿪡
һˮʧƿ׵Ŀ׶еʱ򣬽ŵһ棬¡һֳһʯš
Ҷһ
ԭˮ˼˵¿ƿڣǿʯš
ԼϲĻ⴦ؾȻǿˮĶűˮûÿ˶⣬Ǿʧ룬ľ֮ʧۣ֮ˡ
ҶĶڣβˣԾƿڣ溰ֳһʯţҡ
㡭
δ˵꣬ǰƿڴĸӱ㱻ƿˡ
ǰһλֵܵ³Ҷǰ
٣˼ԭˮ֮ͨĿƿˡԴЦ˵񫰡ô
Ҷһ
ԭˮ֮ͨƿڵĸҲԴ˰
һˮǡ
߸磬ղ˵ʲôʲôʯţˮղҶ˵ʲôˣæԴއNNɪɪĻ⡣
Ҷ˴קʪյأ˦˦ϵˮ˰˵Ŷղʯƿһʯţûҽȥ˵ġ
ʲôʯţػԴһ˷ܵɫˣ֮ȻбﰡʯһҪġ
˵꣬˴𻰣һ£ʯƿ
ȥ
һأıտ־֢Ҷطеԥˡ
ȥ߸Ӧǡˮ˵
Ҷ˸ؿڣ˵˰ɣҪкöҿɵùĿ˴࣬ܲõر
˲ɵЦ
ǿǷˣʯƿڴԴ޽ľϲ֮
æʯƿʯƿ뵽˵ڲ
ڲռϵĿͨڱϵݣһߵĵײһƬ֮ɫʧȥǵô
ҵعԹԣⶼʲô
ǽһ·̩һ˵ڱڣȻɺĻƽɣҲ˵ġ˷ϸšĵӣڿ֮󣬾Ȼڵ˺ĻƽԼӹֹ̣Ļٻݡ
Ҷһӽڻƽǽһ壬Ű˳ϸŽ⣬˵ƽĺȳһߣһȻûȫ͸ƽ𣬿ɼǻƽѾﵽ˼Ϊ˵ĵز
ˮ˵ǰĻƽ̥ûȥҲ㹻ؽʽô
ɢʯͷ´డ
̩üһֵǮ
ǶϼʲôأһѻƽиƨãԶԴ޲мʧɫȵĳ̶ȣڸղҶ㱻ľȡ
ֵҪǮҪԴޣȻڴ˿̶Իƽһʾ˲м
ֱ漣
˻ͷ֮ʱǰʹâһԴƿһ޴ĽӣĿı˲һʧ
һѸʽ鱦Σÿ鱦εĲʶۼƳɣʽǹӴǾϸͬ졣
ҵعԹԣǡѩ衯ô˵ĲѾˣﾹȻһء̩ĲʶΪһʶ벻ôпͬĲʡ
˵磬ܹɩӴһ˰ɣ㿴ﻹһ֧ѩ衯ӡԴ޴ֵݹȥһӣֵ̩úϲ£졣
һӵ鱦ΣȫŮƷȫƷϵıҾƷͱ˷
ôһ·أҲŮӵʽβȤ绨һ޴ӣǶǸʽŮ·
绨׳һһǶɻʵʲô⣿ûôС־
׳գ
Դȥһƽ绨Ķ䣬ȵⶼŮ˵·㷭ʲô㻹ܴôģ
˺ȻЦ
Դ޽ڵһ㶣ϲϸ鿴ֵвͣط
Դһٵ绨ʱɵһƲ죬СʧķˣղŻ˵ңTMDǿˡ


030 
㶮ƨԴ˷ܵһŮʽۣɪҫҶû뵽ôǧ겻·
Ҷһ㶣Ҳǰ鿴ȻףﾹȻǼƷ˿ƳɵҲǱˡ
Ҷӵ˵ЩóȥǱˡŮ˵·Ҳ£ֻҪڣ˸һģҲܸ缸һŪһϽ·ˡ
绨һʧɫɣҿɲǵ·
û˵ô
Ҳ㷸Ӧ绨ûƤֱðæһߡ
ӣʮƿĶĵļӣ绨£ܹȥ˿ӣһЩ鱦֮ĶһЩƷ֮⣬󲿷ֶŮƷƷҲЩо̵һԭ˾һŮӡ
˷ϸšĿʦŮӣп̵ܺҲŮҲ˵
TMDﶼǵĶûһ÷үĵĶô绨Թ
˵Уҿ湻ϹģôõıûôԴԴ˸ʽķһѡѡͬʱ绨С
Ķ˸ãǸãиүõĶ绨ʵ
Դ޲ͷһţ˵ûôɶǺļһˣԹ죬ȥЩϸ´һȡôܸһ֣ġ׸ߵĴȣİɣ
绨һ˷ĪæڵϣͣظźƳɵӣԴ޺˵ģһҪ
ҿ㻹Ҫôİ
ֵ˷ܵڵڲͣһһ߳
ǼΪѵõһʣȻ꺮ҪƳҶ翽ĽһΪһһףųʿﵱеġ˫
ֻҶȴȻĮΪ﷢ֵĶȻҲϲȴȤġ
ʱڼ¼
ڵ֮ڣڻƽǽϣʮ׸ߵĵطؿȭͷСּǡ˷ϸšĵڹķ죬ٵķȫϸؼ¼ǽ֮ϡ
С绨ľķաŋ翸ģϼƷķķУȻ硿͡ˮһؽһķʹʹͬһ޿˱ܣƽ
Ҷš̫Ԫ񹦡ġ򷨡֮⣬һܹʹֲͬķľθʹβڻͻİ취֮̾Ϊֹ
һŸ̫Ԫ񹦡ͬһȼķ˷ϸšȻӵСʮɡ֮ơ
Ҷ̾ؽ绨ľ¼֮Լӵһϼһ켶Ķһˡ
ˣ֮ǰʣһϼѧһᣬҶӵϼѧĶһһκ켶ѧĶһᡣ
̾ԼĺҶλֵܻ﷭ұҶȴЩƱ֮Ķرϲණൽһ̶ȵʱֻһꡱġ顱һ˻иϵ۵ãҲϵʣ͸÷ѩ
ɨЩ鱦ʱ򣬿⴮ʱҶһֱظе÷ѩһϲ⴮
պ⴮͸˵֮ҶѰңϣҵԼȤĶ
ڶм䣬һ۵ĻƽɵСС̨Ҷע⡣̨ûڶӵм䣬Բûбע⵽
Ǹ̨鱾Сߣ湤طһСӣӺСΧĴӲ˼ʮǹŴŮӵĻױһСΪϸ¡
˺ϵĳ¶ĺӱ壬ɫĺͬӦĳֽ̺ǵ㡢·ɫĲʡ
ֹĺӣҶɻ󣬺ֽȥ̧Ǹӣ͵һ¶ŵı顣ССĺӣȻϵĳأֻôһСȻǧǿҵΥ͸УҶ
ɰ
ôһɰҶٴ𾪡
ǱȸոշֵġҪٱıΪⶫûֿʯģǵĻöͨʯϣͬġɰǧĻƽֵмУûط
ͬҶġ翽ҲǲˡɰҪΪͻȻֵ系ֱＶġɰһܸȻɵһ
벻ԼȻ﷢ôĶҾȻֻһӣôޱȵĺ棬װõʲôأ
Ҷɲ֮䣬øӵ
ǡ
ףȻ򲻿
ɰƳɵĺϣһԿ׿ףҪԵԿײܴ򿪣ҶЩץ
Ʒ翽ֱһ
޺ۡ
ģ
ҶɵôڶγԱˣԼľƷϾԳƵһһıھȻ˴ƷҪ򿪵Ķȫ򲻿ҶһޱȵĴ۸С
ۼر֣ҶͷޱȽƣһݣģүáħ㡪
뵽һЦ¡ǧϻҪȡתһ룬һĶʮ־󡢴ԼҪһӰŪ˿ô죿
֡ħǸΤơƣһĹӣҪһѾϸĹǸжãһﱵǺǣǾһѺӵͷﱿˡ
̾ϢһҶԼ벻ܺõİ취ˣԼУͽ伯嵱лһ


˸鱦ԼŪëһԴ޲ͷӦʲô°ûүսƷô
Ҷү˻ɰУ˵˸ӣҴ򲻿
Դޡڡһϸȶһȭͷҹ飬ͷҲ̧˵㲻ĽӲ˿
Թˣۼˡ
ף
صԴ޵Ȥˣ̧ͷҶĺһۣü˵ҿ
ҶһףԴ˳һӣɫٿȻһ䣬һ£˱ǿСҵ˵ϡ
ҿ
ԴʹһѭɵЦ
˵ǵ·˶˰ɣһӶӲסˣͷҿ㶼վˣ绨Ĵɤ޴
ԴؿڣغۣٴζǸصСϸۿȵغȵɰֿ˺ϵǵԿ׿ףϸһϣȻɫ⣬ôܡ˵еġʮĸ


031 ʯ
Դһ˵ע⡣
Ҷ˷ܣ׷ʵʶһа취ˣ
һϣĵҶԴ޵˵ͷ˵а취һ֣
ʲôҶͷˮ
Կװ
ҶٿȻTMDɵҪԿףʲô
˺ЦԿ˭Ὺ
Դ̾һ˵֪ʮĸֻԭԿײܴ򿪡ǧǰѾʧˣУҲֻıŻᱻУ˵ҵôһУ͵ҵһˡÿһʮĸ϶ǧǰĹ㶼޼֮
Դһ˵ţһںϱȻ͵ҿ⼸ƣʵͨĻƣһ֣ô˵ӱǡʮĸǰʮ˵ۣлأӲҪ֤ʯٵ³Ȼʲô˵ʮĸĻʲôҲ֪ʵϣȷ˷ֹƵУǿд򿪵ĹУ˻أһͬ顣
ԱߵҶŵóһ亹ҸղԼûȻħܹƿУԼҲⲻĽ
Ҷܲĵ˵ô˵ǵõУֻܵƵعʵʲôûУô
Դʼ˵ҲҵԿҲ˵Ҳͷֻܽǵ³ʦˣƾµһɽͷܴܲ⡭
˵ͷ̾ϢҲֻˡ
ҶнܵղغãֱĶԷͬСɣпԼֵһõõսƷˡ
һȻҶеɡȻڣ˷ϸšĵڹķѾҵˣôǵʯ棬ʲôֵղأпǸЩҪô
һеҶˣڵڲһţźȻֻܴ򿪣֮һصֱͨΧһ֮С
Ҷî˾Ķȫᵽ
뿪Ǽ̩ʵ
һεջѾĳȵĵزʹȥҲ
˶תͷԴޣϾжټ߾λ֡
ԴЦѾˣðջʮ㣬ǲȥǵʯǰһã˵ᷢͨ·뵽ع֮СǵʯһֱеǣңȥʵڲУתô
ôˣ
ҶҲǵʯΪȤ
ɽĽأҶǿϾƿǵʯţһΣǵʯǷҲһͷǵƻܴ򿪵أ
һʱ֮ǵжʯʯ֮ǰҶյش°͡
￴ʵһ޴ĶڣֻһĶʯסˡ
ȫƲģոҶͼֵһûƶʯͷֺ
޷һصƹʯֱӽڲǰŻǶʯĴţΧһȦȻһʯĵʯب˵ǰһ𾪶й顣
ֻñҿŻˡ
ֵǳ˵ʥǰȨλذע˶ʯƻϡ

һ֮绨һĵؽѾȫ͵ȶһߣʯϣֻһӡҲֻȱϵмʯϣʯͷûһ˿һ𻵡
׸ߵĶڣʯ½ǣŰ˸ߡһİۣǵꡰʥ޼ûûҹ˲ѾƷĳɹ
Ҷš翽һ£ԼȫһֻŪָװȵĻۣںصĶʯ˵ֵһᡣ
ޱȵй̩ɢʯԴˣҡͷ̾ϢѾ׼ˡ
ֻжáħˡ
Ҷӡǧϻ֮ȡһɫĹʱԴ޵˶е㲻ԣƷıܺĶʯ۵Ĺܸʲôأ
ߣǡ̩ѯʵ
ҶЦֻǽԴޣ˵ùȥԡ
ʲôԴḡȥӣ
ॡصһҽУ
ҵĽţ
˶һӣűֱ绨˫ֺʲţӷⱲүǲˡ
ħӿһﵣֻǽħƣ̣߳ȴȻشﵽٽԴٴγԱòˣĽͻЩʹؿڣ˺ǴС顣
졭TMD˥
һԡħˣһɵ̩
þȫüͷڶʯϵʱ򣬡ڡһ죬ʯȥ
۰
ܾĲֹǼһμˣҶ绨ͽˮҲħ̶𾪡
õħʱֻ֪֪ǱȾƷҪı˭ҲûĸױȾƷǿ١
ʯǰ֪Ʒ֮Ĳˡ
㣬㡭TMDԴ޹˲ýֱۣ˹һѽ̩ġħ˹ȥô
绨ӹħھ򣬶ҶͽˮȴнСԵµţʾпеܣδҵħ飬ϸؽһ飬˳֪ͬʱҲ׷׶Ҷ˵ıܴʩʾ⡣
ϾֶҪԺ壬һ㲻ѷɫڡʯͨ赡챦
һڶ½һʯм׷ɵĹУ绨Ѿʧ˶ʯ֮С
һյʱ䣬绨Ѿǰڳ׵ķΧȻͬ죬ꡰʥ޼϶ܶʱ䣬Ҳû̶ʱڵսԻ͡
ϣҶһϺȣٶѾԴ޻˺䤱绨
ֻҪͨʯͺãԼ˲ûھֻа˸ߵ棬绨ֻļ
ػԴޣ֮ǰɿھȥҪؿھ򣬶ʯڡħǰµ̶١
ʱڲֹ֮ʱֵܼ󣬲ͣھ򣬶ֻˣɵϢǳЩʳ˵ˮ֮ÿ˶˷ޱȵ̬˭Ҳûע⵽¹ΧѾԼĵˡ
ڸʲôɻʵ
ϣʲôѲµġǷһر֮أذ໨ߡáġתԵ棬棬˵ڸô죿
εһ´׳ĲӣǵЦＫأعӴ󣬶ȻһдյĵعǵȣǴҵ֮ٽǺͱһٳܣ


032 
Ҷ˲û뵽Ȼβȫ˶ʯƻϡ
ֹʱʯѾھľ룬˿̾⴦ʯľ޴֮ʱˡһ죬ͬʱɢʯľϲϲٿȻ˹
ͨˣͨˣͨˣɢʯ˷ܵػš
˳ڵͨʯϾȻһʳָСĿһĹ͸˹˿Ȼ
죬ڴ򿪣Դϲ񣬻ûݵöɢʯػѾ¡ħȥ̡һʹ
Ķʯ£Ƭ̹ԴޱͨһڣС˹ȥ
ϰˣѶƿôҽҶ˽ȥȴħ˽ˮ佫ֻĶһ߽
ڵҶһ̧ͷ㱻ǰɫˡ
ǡ
һ޴ȻҶ֮УⶴѨ֪ƣˮ̵ĳɹ
Եص׵ֿɷľʯǰ磬ҲֻаɫһֹɫĹеķ·һصɾһ㡣
һɹһɭ֣˸ߵާֲﲼҰŹļž
ʵϣѨеˮ
һٲӸ߸ߵ񷶥Ϸֱ£ڶѨұϣϪˮѨÿһת䴦γһССĳȪˮðݡ
ҲһºҲ˵
ͬȽеԴһҶҲǰһƬľɫǰʧˡ
Ȼܶʵ̫޴ˣ߳ʮףΪ嫵ռͬϵĲԭһ㣬һ
Ӧȥ̽һ£Ҷ˵
ⲻʲô⣡Դ̾һӾȵлع
Ϊʲô
Դ޳Ҷָָ
ãȻͷǺȻ𾪡
ҶģȻǸʯֻһĶʯʯϣݺύزצָۣγɵצ磬ԭ⻬ͬĶʯھǵӱµͿѻ壬˸ӡɵĺۼ˵ֻһоǾǶ񺮡
ҿҲǷһﲻʲôرĵطǵɷӡ޵ĵطⶫʯʯڶƻӣֻצӲȾƷ϶٣ҿðտԾʹ˽ˣǸϽ뿪
Դźؿһֿۣ־ؿһǽϵצۣݺݵص˵ͷ
ʱ򣬾һŭ𣬽Ǿ䣬޴֮󣬽ˮشӶڹ˽̩ѪѾԲѵ绨˽
ɢʯһ۵һѪŶʯ˼ö壬֮һɫͨ
ô£Ҷ˻Ե绨ʵ
̩ŭȻصTMDǳ԰ˣǲ壬Ȼ˸ǣͻȻ֣һ쳣׳Ĵ󺺳֣ۻֻǼб塣Ҳ壬ƾš޺ܱסҪǶԷֶԸˣֻ¾ˡ
ɢʯˮ˹˵ǿߣõĶסԷ೤ʱ䣬˶ڣ֣ӲӲֻ׶༪١
Ȼ׶༪٣ǿ绨˴ˣʣµҲܱ֤һܿסԷĹ
ӵĲǶôԴʵ
ҳĶˣֻɫů}ˡ
ɢʯ˵ֱ꣬ӳҩȶסƣʩ룬绨Ҳȶͣ˵ġ޳λҩһŸ绨Դް˹Լһȥ˹Ϣȥˡ
˵ҲΣأײС
̩ҪҶ˵ǲܽȥ߲ñ߰ȫסڣöԷ
ʱʯ洫һЦһֺȵСڴˣ
棡ǳ԰ôҶһʵ
Щ˵УֻҶ˸ûǽˮҲֻɽׯˡڽ棬ûм®ɽĿ
ô磡ˮ˵ֵĻһ֣֮Ϊǳ԰ΪǿǸǡ
Ҷ룬Ŷ溰ԭ氡벻֮ȻΪ԰߹ֻ⡣

һЦ
治м˽˵֪С֪ҦʢĹϵȻʴʣΪ涯ɡʵ˵ǲҪܹѣҪǴң֮ͷ֮ޡ
ҵҲԩ𣡣ҶɽׯսǽϾԹƽı䣬治ûаɡ
ʱһһߣŵͳ˵ħҶֵȻҪģɲҼԭ򡭡
ϣħҲˣһλ಻ͬˡ
ųȵҼħ֮ĶԹԻֻء˵һ¡
ʲô£
һΪҼҦֶĴǰѰ϶ģڶߺߣ鷳ߵǸƯСӽҼ洫ġͭġһԿǷһˣֻǵʬϷˣ
ͭģ
ҶٿȻˮⲻϰսָӵͭСôȷΪⶫͭʲôϵ͵ĮˣΪⶫֻǸƷôⶫȻˡ񡱺׷ɱ
ˮҲһɻҡͷʾ֪
ͬʱһ뵽ѵⶫѰҡͭô
Ҷͷ˼ڼ䣬͵˵һ˦ϼһţһҽУžȻĳҪĳ԰ֱҶɱ
TMD澹Ȼ˶Ի˵עǱ˵صͳ˹ҪҶͻȻ˼û˵ͻȻĬ֮£ŷ˿˹
ҶЦлˣֵǶҲãǿϷֵ뿪ȻԸ⹰ַϣֻϷŹһˣȴֵԽܵġ˵棬ȻΪҦǾͷɣֵǲȥˣֵ尡
⴦խĶֻӴ˸ߣ˭Ҫһֱߣܵܶûطܡ
ﵹǡһ򵱹Īˡ
Ҷһ˵Լ̰ȥӲƴԵù䣬ܶԷļȥȶˡ
Ҳܲȥʱһˡ̩˵
ǶҲʲҶ̾һͷһ۶ʯϵצۣҪҲ
˳ҶĿȥͬʱһ
ҿ


033 ι
ǿֲҰצֹۣץ˶ʯϣֱֱӻ˵ࡣ
ͨʯḶ́ÿ˶⵽жʵЩʯϵצۣ֤ЩۼĶӵһ˫ôǿצӡ
Դ˵صȻĹߣˮԴïܵާֲ֮еĻһߴˣ˸ߵĢνʳ㣬ֻҪǸһﲻǴʳߣһļʻǻŵġ
ʵ˵ԴЩ˵ɱ˴࣬ҲԸΪһצµԸĳЩʳ
˶Щͬص˵ͷ
ôˣ̩Ŵ󵶣ͽˮڶڣʱȻĵѯ绨ơ
ʱ򣬶ɢʯѾйϣѾõ߰˰ˣǾ绨ʱˣûֱܵӵ˺Ժõĺܿ졣
ɢʯ̽̽绨ο˵ûд󰭣ֻǱԷţѪϮ˹ȥ͹ˣҩѹˡ
ڶʯһŶڣ˸ɺ
սˮ뷨ǣǵʳﲻ࣬ǵʳҲһ࣬Ƕôطô󣬲ҵʳӲĶһΪأǻᱻܣȴ֪㹻ˮԴǲһӣȵǵʳˮԴʱ򣬱Ȼ½ҲֳԱȥѰʳˮԴǾлɱȥˡ
ɢʯ绨ˮ̩ŶڣҶԴ޿ʼɨʯΧާֲһƽأ˵ҰԶ
ϤϤ
һ춯Ҷһ亹ݴв֪ʲôԶص׵Ĳֲ֪ײʧҰС
ﲻֹֻһҶ̾Ϣ
Ҳֻ󣡡Դ޴
ҲҰһ󣬡Ҷһƽŵ飬طܻͻȻʲôԶ͸оҪ۾ҪĶ࡭
дʳݶôҲΪ˵ʳ⶯ṩʳԴˣɲʲôܵķ֡
ҶΪġĦڭ޹ȫϣΪŹʶ죬ܵĻȫֵĹҶܼ˸ߵĲݴԣҶʶУȫЩݴסһţԴ˲ݣǲݣûа취ϸֱݴﵽʲôһĶ
ҲӦһѻչ⣡Ҷҧгݵ˵
ԴЦôһᾪǸһģҲǵĵص֮ÿԲǵɻأôĻһǵǸһģǾԷŭǡ
˿һƬݴԣ˵ƽ˲ʮ׵ӣ㷵˻
˻ɢʯ˵ҪЩˮǵˮˣ
ҵԵģ绨
ԭڶȥصʱ绨ת˹ΪˣЩ
˵ʵ˵ҺܸˣԴ̯˵˵ҷǳ֪֪ÿһпܳΪʲôʳ
ƵرԹˣ绨м˵ȫԵ֮ǰɵȻҳԣ
Դ޸ЦָָʯϵצۣⶫʲôӶ֪ǣĲ˵ġ޺ǰһŷֽӲȥ㻹˵󻰡
ҲԴеġҶ˶ֹ̧ܣǧϻװˮĶ룬кԴһ˵߰ɣҪԷȥǵˮʳǱҪŪԴ
ԸûʲôǺˮԴŸҶԶ
绨̧ͷһʯϵצۣٺЦĶ湻Ǹ͵ϮҵϼһҼסˣһҪĽ

ǶˮԴôදﶼˮԴԵġԴ޲ͣʵ
Ҷǰߣ翽İӽ˳ӽԶԶǰ߻ӿݴԣͬʱҲԼ߻һ·ȥһ׵Ĳ·ƬµԭҰС
ȻԼġĦڭ޹ʧȥ˹ãý̽·ɣ΢Զ̽ȥʲôҲһʱӦ
Դ޵ʣҶûشΪûжǶҪȥ򲻵Ƕ֣Լһͻᱻ
Ҷ˵ע⿴·ҲҵʲôԵĶҲ˵
˵ԣԴһЦţһȥͣһ£Ҽо޴Ģء
ҶԻͷ׷Դȥ̽·׳˵ֱߵǼһม
ҶԴ޳Ա߲˼׵ľ룬ǰһգܼĲݴԲټǰһƬյϣһ˶ߵľ޴ĢģȻ죬ɫɫͻɫӣȷʵĢɣǵζдС
ղ̫ˣȻûŵĢζ
ԴѾһһ˸ߵĢϣЦߣһ룬ôĢҪųԣųأ
ȱ⣬Ҳⶫжء
Դ޷Ҷĸǰ˵¾ͽɣҰֲоĺܡ
˵꣬Դ޾ͳ嵽Ģȥˡ
ҶЦЦʱԴ޸СûĶһȻԼʱҲˡ
Уȥˮòã١
ϤϤ
ҶȻǰӲݴӻҡʲô˹
ҶæһԴ˵٣˵ʲôˡ
˵ʲôԴ޸˵һٿȻҶһץס˵ţҶ㶯̫̫죬пܴ̼
˵䣬ݴֹͣҡмȴֳһĿնĲݶ⵹ѹ·ʲôǱ
ô죿ԴЩŵʵ
ԴδصˣصѹκԿ־塣
۾Ǳߣǻˣ
Ҷһ˵ţһקԴ޻ȥƽأܹԷҶһѡ񹥻ҲԷֻһֻΪ׺Ұϻⶼ£Ϥа취Ըȫδ֪Ҷ˴ĵ׵ĸе־壬Ƕʯצ۵ļ񣬸Ҷѡغͻرܡ
ȴ˴ĲʱҶһ͵קסԴޣŴʧɫػͷȥԴ޸еһҲٿȻͷһһ
һֻ˶ߵĹ棬˫վԶһͷһѿţŶĵճҺɭ˫ۣһͫףŶˡ
Ȼֻа˸ߣȴԴĵһƬ񺮡
TMDʲô


034 Ϯ
Դ޻һ񺮵ؿֻͻȻֵĹʱֻ︹͵һģš¡һſһļ죬һɫճҺһɶζԴޡ
㿪
Ҷȴ͵س˻ЩմԴޣǹɫճҺֱ絽ɫĢϣͬŨһڡꡱŨУ˸ߵľ޴Ģͬ˿ˮĻѩһ㣬ѸٵػΪһ̲ˮ
ۿ
ԴʧеĿյֻ˶ˮȴ޹ιٿȻ˳ҧǰҶ
Ҷ˦һӣһϼҫֻι޲ҽһձΪ룬ʬ֮ʱѼһġ¸¡ڶʮֻͬĹ޳˳ͬŭĶһŲӣ˳˹мֻ׺ں棬ͣ¶ˮ
ЩƤȺֻһ˫ߣͬȺһֹȷոնҶ˵ĹȻͬԼעȴͬӱ͵ϮǽƻĶ
ֻǿƤͱ붾Һĺֶ֪ݻצӣԶо綾ҶЩ綾ˮĹ޺ͳ˺ҧĹԵĲܹ¶Һι޸һЩιΪ׳ҶĻڣǼһ
ЩײжºԼͬ౻ҶɱȻûһĿ־壬ǼΪŭسɱ˹
˲ʱΧ˵УΣֵС
Դ޼ĶˮɽʶؾҪȴҶһקסƷɨɶҺ
һ˵ţһ˫⹥ɽĶҺгιɨɡ
Դ޻ȻҲ֣ɹĶҺɨɡ
ɫĶҺһʱĴɽꡱ֮ڶһƬŨ𣬴Ŷĵĳ˼͡
ģҲж
Һо綾ЩԲηԼĶҺˮ֮º޲ʣǵĿǿҶ˺۷ΪЩ޾ȻһǵԣعҶԴޡ

һֽУٴαɨɵֿʼǿĺȣ͵һŵأԾ˰գ˹

ҶͱѬֱϮ͵ת߾ϼͬʺһ裬еֻնΣһѵѪ£㳶Դֱܣ;лָӽֻ綾ָԴ
һƬֵĢأԴޱ㿪ʼڵشҲͣؿ˵ܰǰȫɱˣ
á
ֻС޾ɱԼĶӣպʥأô죿
ҶҲŭ죬ŲݴһƬ¸¡ѼӽУҶĲݴԳõָ
ݡ
һƹ궯ĲݴԣһסѼʱĹֽܵش
ҶһͭǮʼ˶ֵɱ
ò˵ֵ󳬳Ҷ˵ԤϣЩǿǲһöͭǮԴ;ԲҶ˵ĹǰĲݴԳҶҰʩչָͨ׼ȷͣвٹﶼǳ˲ݴԣ˶˵ǰű˻С
գգա
ǰǻüԴޣпҪֶλ̨ͷһӸɵòɣֵѪҺԽҲǹӶζǷ˵ĳˮ
ٴսתƵĶˣ˵Ǳʵܵζܵģ˵ĳҲΪʱΪ˸ոպʮףмֳֻ˸ոǸλõĺ󷽡
TMDЩҲ
Դ޷Ȼ˲ֿ֮ʼŭTMDЩ޵ж٣
ɱϰֹֻ֮󣬱еЩܿˡΪǷ֣ÿ޵ٵһ̶ȵʱ򣬱ݴֿʼУȻԶ֮󣬱ͬŹ˵Ĺޱö
Ща֣
ڹҶԴ޶˵Ѿ֮ǰȺˣֻǿ³ֹޱɫĻƺ͸ǿ׳֪ѾȺ䡣
ȥǼֲ˶ãԴ޿ʼЩţϢҲʼ΢΢ղŲͣӻѾĵ˾ֵ֣ͷǹдѾһˡ
ҶҲһ̾Ǽֲ˶ãѾֲȥˡ
ʲôԴ޺Ȼͷ
Ҷһ̯֣˵ѾûͭǮˣٵ͵ˣ
سԴѾۣ˵ӣǽҲõ
˲ͣػͣغˡ
ҶעĹޣҲʱ̹۲Լĺ·ǷֱЩС޸סȽϺõϢǣ޶ǴӲԭطϹģ÷û֣Զ˵·̫ıжϡ
ֹһӣҶһ鵯֮󣬶ͷҲصسŶʯķɱ
һжʧܶأ
ԶҶԴ޶ʧķ򣬼ɹĶȻɢʯˣֻǲ˽⵽ʲôֲҹȥԮ˾ͻɱʧȥؿһƵĵλã԰ٶ԰֣ļʼ㡣
̩ͽˮŶڣɢʯǿӦս绨ʼԲݴߵķ䱸ų֮ԽԽʱ׼ӦӻҶˡ

ݴϷҶԴǱط𣬿䱸صĶɢʯ绨غ׼ս
˵һƬݴԣһһһΣ¸¸¡ĹֽȲӬҪ࣬绨մеҿôֻѼ׷ɱ
Դ޴ӿأʧķһغTMDѼҪǳұ֤ⱲӶٳˡ
Ҷ֮˵æ±ġǧϻһأͬǹһĶŲݴƽصıԵߣɫͻɫķĩԶʯΪһİԲΧм䡣
ǡǧϻƵķͲЩĩȥԶһƬĲݴԵ
ö˵ṦǿЩ׷ĹԶԶ󣬷ʱҶݲá
λֵһؿҶæȻ֪ʱˣȴҪ֪ҶЩư׷ĩʲôһ΢紵ɢʯʱӣ¶Ȼɫʵǣ
ɫĶʱʱǣҶҲΪЩõȼ³ͨڡǧϻвЩҶɱ˷Ż𣬶Ұʱ򣬼ûкʵľҲԴݵصȼӪ
һӪҰ˵ҪԲʳˮԴ
ҪɱһˡҶżǵضĹǣЩԳ˵
ȷˮ̾һһذͶ˶ѨУȴһײ
ͬһʱ䣬ʯĳ԰ҲһֵĽ


035 ֺ
ˮذǻĳʵصĶϣԲǱԷ䡣
еϮ߿Կʱ˷ŻȻ֮ôŷ𹥻ΪʱҵһЩľ壬Ƴ˼׵Ķơһſʼ
ɲɵǣͬһʱ䣬صµĹǣҲʼǶҶЩߵĸԡ
̩ŭУµһ˵һųǰĶ֮ʱŹֻֽҲ˲ݴԣǰҶˡ

Ŷ쵰Сĺɫ豻ɢʯԴӽ˲ݴԣû³ͨġ顱֮ҶҲĺڲһЩŵЩȻ˲٣ؼʱ̻Ƕõġ
䣬䡭
ըУֻո¶ͷֱը˷飬ΧٽļֻСҲ顱Ĵճϣ˲ճ˴򣬸ǽݴеȼȼ

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³ͨСĶȽ
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Ӧòɡû뵽Щާֲ˵ȼҶҲЩԾǱһˮӦû赲סƵӡܹɾЩݴԣԼݴеޣ˵ӦǺ°ɡ
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ҶЩεҡҡͷʱ򣬱ͻȻ䡱һͷʱ̩ͽˮͬʱ׵ڿһȴȻ˶ûˡ
һζʵĳ԰ִӶڳ˽
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ǣԷĶƣһڴڹһĶȴ֮ǰڵعŻɱļ׿ǡ
˶ųǵ׳ǰһڣۻˮ̩ͬʱɣʱЦУ𣬳δȵ̩˹ȥеľ޴ͬشһضͷ£ͬʱȵϬͬλʺˣ
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󺧣ǿߵһţֹǿʯһŴʵ˵عǣ඼һѡ
ۼһʵ仯̫ͻȻǾԮʱǡϬӡ͵ؾһ·ڱԼһѣ˰׾룬ǴԷһţȻΪԶһա
Ϭػͷ֮ʱһѾӿϮƥգնԼʺ
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ϬӱϾΪȻҲûж೤ʱ䣬Ըһ֣ȻֽǳҶһףͬʱڱһһ渫еľ޴ӳУűΪ䡱Ϭӿʮı
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ȻɼȻϬȻеıԵĽȻ԰ĸֶûɳϬӴΣյͷ󣬱֪εĲóˡ
ϰ˶סڣǸ缸һϰ
ԴʱҲų֣üһƬӰͬɢʯ绨̩һ⺷Ϭӡ
ʱеҶȵģǱϬ˦ĳǣͼıԼĽƣҶ¶Цһӣݺסٴηǳ͵سһԣϣ͵һ˦ǷһԵĳǻ˸ԲϬӡֵĽʼղػϬӵʺ
һȻϬӴ⣬벻ԷȻ˹Ĺտܽʹ硣
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ʱ򣬳ɱٴڶûйĽˮǿȭŲ赲кܵĳ԰֡
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ʱʱҲǼ䲻ݷҶһŭ˶ʱֹϬӡ
ոһСաҶ֮һʱȻܹв֣ҲҪ֮ļսԼľʧȥսҶչ¾ŽġʽȻȫһġաҲԻԷĻֱв塣

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ʱϬҲˣעҶϣ̩ϣ绨ϡûòŮӵϣԵԷԼǰҲֻŴκһƯȴû룬ԷȻǸȭʦֶιסԼ۵ľ۶ޱ¶˶ԷĹ֮¡
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ϬұͻȻһǸ֮ǰЩ˵ĴУʱǰקסұۣ޴Ȼ֮ǰʿһʱ֮޷ˮ
ˮһָͶɢʯļȭϬӵĻǰ޹
ϬӿȻЦƲûа취ඪһֱ۶ѣȴԴǼ
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ϬٿȻ𣬲ҷ򶴿ڣǳŲԭȥ


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ˮ˵˴˶¶ϸɫ
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ûٴιĿյǸϽ뿪Ҷˡǧϻ˵ǳ֮ǰҺ߹ķǰɣǱˮԴٲǺǣµٲⱲӻûмء

֮󣬼ֻʳ̤꣬ѾһƬĲԭ
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ҶҲǸűӡ֮һġP뵽ԴС˵ʦѰʮ꣬ҵűӡʸ̩ġP֮⣬ӦûǣҲſյѯʲô
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ʱ򣬼ЩĢĶɢʯ˺Ϣ
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˼̤ٲԱߵ̶֮ʱӭƮĿУٿȻһϤĶζԼ֨֨ľ׽
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֮󣬱ǵͷ֮ǰҶ˵ֵʬ壬·ʳֻдһ㣬ѪҺ·ɽֵʬƬ̹ʧһſֲĴ쵱С
ͬϬţһĿֲ죬Ų˷һ˫׹ĹۣŽһѵʳ
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Ҷ޾٪޼͹԰һӴͳǲʳǰλǳġ
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ֵܿһΣֵܶ㶼һŭȣַȡ
Ҷһ߱أһߺվԭأϸʯ
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040 ˮ
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ԭҶ˵ļƻƹΧĳ԰Ӫկһӽʯֻͨû뵽֮ǰһѻ˲ֵʬ壬ȴҲ˸ʳߵʳ
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ҿǿ׷ˣԴ޿־رȵ
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ǰһգٿȻһƬյ֮Уʱ׽Ѿǲʮ׵ľˡ
TMDƴˡȥ¾ûˣҶƽûڵʺλͣˡ翽ͬʱħ޴绨С
ذүǣܵòͷˡɣ绨УȻȣ˿κο
̱ڵϵԴޣ񿴹һؿ绨һۣ㾲ĵ׼ӦԼݴԵĴС
ۼĲݴԿʼ⵹Žֲ̹һѹ˺ֹðŭŸԼ׳
׽Ӵڳ˲ݴԣ¶ֲݣȴͻȻŵͣڿյصıԵҶ˻ȴԽ׳һƺЩηϬţһٵ棬ɭ˫ۺݺݵضҶˣղʵ˻һȥͬʱ赲һֻ׽ǰһͬ۷ȥ
TMDڸëԴЩĪ


042 Ⱥ
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Ҷ¹עʱާԭһյأϳӲݣҰ׺䡣
֪ʲô£Χ˸ߵާֲЩֲܰ£Ǹոշѿá
ĲƤȺйһ̩˵
ҲǡˮץһѲݸµ֮˵ĳֻ޵ķ㣬ЩǴӷ³ġ
Ŷ˵վһѷ棡ŶģԴ޿ʼԭرҪѰĳܲݣԼǶĵĶ
Ҷ˵ϣˮһ˲Ƥµϸоһ£ͷ˿Զȥ׽һۣ˵ǣҲ֪Ⱥҹԭˡ
һͷҶ
绨ԼĴͺͷɻʵʲô
Ҷһ˵ζѷζ˵ѷΪǵļһζ
ζļһ
ͻȻڶʯϣµĿֲצۡ
ÿ˵ͷͬʱһ
δ֪ĶԴһ˵
ûδ֪Ŀ־壬ԶϤĶ
ͻȻһͳХУȻһӦĽԽާִ˹
ʲôԴһֵ̿ʵ
Ҷ¹Ҳ֪
վ˺У
ԴԾ绨ļϣ¹ۿûκζݴԺûκεĶŶţ
ԴһУͬʱ˿ǰĲݵϳһƬӰƬӰƶһͰһζѸٲ
˶֪ⶫķλˡ
ϣ
̧ͷһ޴ޱȵĺӰͷϻУڱεʵʵ
ѽԴ޾
Դ޻æ绨ļȺޣվԽ߾Խȫ
ģȺҶش˵
һΪԷУԱ鲼Χ㣬Ҳй֣ҶСʱõġ¼Ҳйص档
ԴûлشӴķжĽ̬ڿת
˵ǳػǳ⣡
û˻شԴ޴⣬Ϊǿֻ͵ظ壬һ󼦷ɹ֮צѾסһֻһ֫еޣֻ͵һֻ޵ԴˣѪˮ
˵ǵķô
ҶҡҡͷޣǲڵϻԼصģֻԼѸʳأǲмֵġеĵطǵԳ
٣Ҫ֪ĴҺܲԴһĭ˵ЦĴ
Цûκһ˾ÿЦ
еڿշô̫Ưˡ
̧ͷţܿһֻڿգǵֻֻ
ϣǲǡԴ޽˵
ãȻһۣžһسԱߵĸߴާֲȥ˲ï֦֮ܵ¡
ⶫǱϼ¼Ĵ࡭ɢʯ˵
ҲǸﻷգʳﲢȱ٣׾ͻꡣˮ侲ط
ǧꡭҶ뼰ǵյĶʯţɵø̾˵
Ҷ⣬Щ̫ͨˣһϲпܡ
Щڸ߿շʱȥС͵ķɻֶսʱɻҴżͬеǷɽʱҶЩ׳չϳëͷ
أЩӦΪʳģϮ࣬δʮɽ
Ҷ벻⴦յĵҲܿЩޣôأܲǡ˷ϸšѱİɡ
Դ۾Ϸ̧ͷա˵ǻ᲻ṥǣ
벻ᣬҶҡҡͷ˵Ҽǵǳġ
ȷɢʯʵ
ȷʵôдģ¼һڵİ汾ҶɵûԼĽס
ǾͲӦﶺ˭֪᲻Ǹڶʯצ۵ļһԴƴ磬һεðʵ̫̼ˣ̼ڲֻż뿪
ȲҪ
ҶѹסԴ޵ӣûٴ߳ާڻ
һֻ£ֻһƬӰݡһͷӹͬʱιһһζ
ۣԴ޽е󣡡ʵȷǲ˺ǣ
ǳȷҶӲͷƤʵʱҲôҿ϶ˣһСΪϡ
˸幥ƣֻĿ겢Ǽˡ
𡪡
һŭǰһ׽ȥķ
ڹ׽
ⲻܰɣɢʯȵ˵
׽ʹֺװƤӦ޷ϵϣûа취ҧԷĻס
Ҷͷͷ׽̣ѹ
Ϯ׽̣ڻ᲻ɴǸϽ׽ʯ
ֻʼȥһֻѾֻʼ׽ˡ
ǧѷĺʱ
ȻǰЩתͷҶˡ
һοôȻ޵ɱҶܹΪ֮黹ǾԭģĴԺȨ׵ǻֻۣᣬԡװ̵̬ɡ
ʱֻѾʼΧ׽ǸطͣѰһṥԼ
ǿȥ
Ҷһ£ֵܼ˶Ҷާֲڻ³˳ȥ
ʱһֻ֮ǰֻҪݡ
˵ĺǵͷһҶƳݺë׵塣룬һֻ𡣲ֻµӡʮִǾ޴չ沼ϸɫĤ͸
һжʹԵø
ͷһ˲ɵһ
ʱԴͻȻϡһ˻æͷֻԴ˫ֱסͷģң


043 Ѫƴ
Դ޳Уñ͵µһ󼦷ɹ
˵ʲôɢʯæʵ
ץң˵ˣԴްִͷÿָ϶Ѫ
Уֻ£ССĺţֱһ¸壬һ߷
ܣҶһһѳסԴ޵֣ŴƬյء
Ҷߣ˵ⶫ˵ģ绨бŭ
֮ǰһǧûˣҹȺ볢ʣҶͷܣһ߲ϷʵԳһ
ʱ˭ҲʩչṦܵȥһޱṦǸû
ſ£
ԽԽҶһȻ˵ڵأҰߵ绨Ͷɢʯڵϡ
ͬʱֻХţǵɹҶеǵķצĵۡ
˻
һҽһ
һֻҪӵظ£ȫʿɫһء
̩ŻѪµ͵س˹ȥһŭ֮£Դ
ҿ㻹Ҳ񣿡
̩ᵶƷǷ
磡ʱקʲôϷʣʲôͰ
Դһѳס볤̩̾תܡ
ԭղ˵ڵصʱ̩߾Ŵ󵶣ȹڵϣŵɹȴñٿȻĴ󵶸˸š
Ȼǹ磬ͣһҲͱˡ
һֻ˻һͬעЩ˻󣬷Χ׽һңתΧҶЩˡ
ͬʱҶҲһֻСȥһ㵽Զ¿ռĶϣһƬʯʯز˺ڶ
ֻһһ£ɳһƬֻӰȻͷҪСȵٶҪ࣬еٶҲҪϼ֡Ȼǲͬķ࣬ȫЩǿһʱ֮䣬ֻ³ֵķޣ㶼س߷
TMDȥˡ
ҶٿȻվѶɢʯӵָߵһƬơ𣿱ʯǱˣǱ߲ݶûˣƽϸܲϽҵط
TMDĶ㰡ɢʯЩȦˡ
ҲԶ߷Ƭƣһʱĵѣһ绨ж˵ҪӲƴˡ
ӲƴĽǱǱ޷ʬԷ̻ͷӶһʣ¡
Ⱥ޵һʺ
绨̫TMDٵ
Ǳܡʱ̣ˮ𣬷ԶһССʯͷɽΪĲݴԳ˸ߣСɽȻԶȴΪݵס߶ûз֡
ʱһָ㣬˵سǱȥ
ʱͷϵһֻתǡ
˲ҵӡȵʱٴ͵˵ڵأһƬӰһ
ͬģʱ˶еıָգ㲻˵ЩеޣҲҪ˫ľ룬ֹץ
Դ޵ͷɹ̩İԴҲеüж
ֻĶ΢һ㣬Էһ£ȴ޵СһһɫĶͱߴһ£Դ޵ϡ
ҿԴޱѶŭ
һʺʺӶԷĶͱ˳˵һֻ֮޴Сʧˣֻδе㡭
TMDСʺͷ
ΣͷֵҲ̲סЦ
˭ᣬҾ͸ԴճŭϽվ
׳գܣ
վԴ޾˾еغ̧ȸҪܣͿǰɢʯֵؼ
顪
һػ·þ޴ȴ˹أԴ޵ͱȷڵء
ֻԴ޴СΪʹͬʱϳǸ͵ϮԼļˣֱҪɱ
Դ޾Լȵ֮󣬸շһ˫޴צӱѹ˹εץסԼļһɧζǶ
ҶתһֻĺצץסԴ޵ļֻ޴͵³ʰ͸˫Դ޵Ĵš
ҪǷ˿УԴ޵Сˡ
ҶĸԥħУ͵ػӳֱӾסĳ͵קոռ͵ϵ˵ϡ
˵ҶȻСǸǵģ˵ϣһɣһó͵ҧצԴ޵Դ
ͷԴ޽еüبǰصסɢŶľ޴͡
ɱ
Ҷ˫ַקŵħɣȴ޷ơ翽ɱһʱԾԮΣڵϦԴޣֻߵ˺УǵĶһ㡣
ԶƿٷֻֻҲѾͷʱ˸׼
ңǿܣ
Դ޴ȴûһķԷ
˴ųȥֻͻȻص

̩һȥֻԱһûпͷǽԷ롣
ֻҲܷˡ
Ĳҽٴα𣬿еҲȥ׼ǵ͸ˣһֻΪӴֱӶͷ
ǵֻ࣬ԭӦɫƤѾʼźɫ仯мأޣֻгˡ
ֻߣԼĺӻģֻһ£ǿҵľ㴵վȡ
ֻشʼƴعµԴޡ
Դţ˿ܣͬʱ˫ֳüƵĴһӣֵž޴͡
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬绨дһ˼سȥһԼݺݵײ˵
ͬһڵ绨ײļ¡һ޴ĳҶһԵҷʹֻë׵ڵϡһֻײһ
ץԴ޼צɿˣԴΣͷƴĺʱ֪Ǹ绨һͬȥҪɱֻ
һֻ
Ҷָӵ˵
ʱ򣬱ֳûˡ
ޣǿȭͷ
̩ƴеµðĻ⣬ޱȵؽһֻֻ˵绨˵Ļɱж
Ž
Ҷеı佣Դޣǧϻڵġ߾ֱӼ̩սȦֻķޡ
ԴҲͶɢʯһͬΧսš


044 
Ҷ˲סֻľ
һߣ绨ײشͬʱҲΪͣʧȥģ˳ƽġħǰһ۵һ죬ͷһûֻ޵ĸ֮С
ĤХڸǰֻش绨ҧȥ绨ġħֳͱͱͬʱϽͷܿͣźһγˡħ
绨Ҫٴͱ֮ʱޣ͵صצǰ绨һצ߷˳ȥצϵצ绨ɮۣȴֻһ׺ۣûгǵѪ
ֻͬµԴޣʱſյʼ˽
޴ĳĴϣ⵽籩Ϯһ¡¡졣
ʲôʲôһжˣֻгĴԼ͵ĤǴצӵĽǰƴץš
Դŭڣ绨һŵŷɵʱͦǴδɿü͵һǺգƿĳ򣬽űȵTMD㳯ʺ
üǰһͱһ˸ߵĺͭüݡһĩľջ
ҿոշ绨þջһԾؼн˫ȣСӾȻϲһסݣ
Դޱ˾ջһ֨֨
һ֨֨ҽУһĴų뷭˼֮󣬱㵹ɥˡ
üĳȣһѾͱ࣬ɺϵǣҲһ֮б˸ϡã
ԴͣסŲЩĿɿڴ
TMDԭŴ绨ƿĸλͱȥû뵽̫Լû׼ͷȻ޵ľջ
ƺô
Ǹӡ
Դ޴ɵؿʬ壬Լջ¶һصüаģⱲҲһˡ
ǰɣҲѧ´һӡ
̫ţˣ绨ų˹ʺ㱬ջȻۻۣ
Դ˲ǵͨ졣
TMD£Ҿͷ
үɢʯæ
ķޣв½࣬ҶҲֱָš翽ӽشۡڶǰֻ͵Ҷӽһ˫ͣڵĤǱøƲû
ֻӽܹ͸ԷĳϵıĤȴ޷Է壬Ѫֻϱ޵ƤҲ˼ߵķԾƷıҲ
ֻҪƵġ
ҶӽڶԷǰƤ֮Ӧ֮£һĵطѾ˵ȫɥʧ˵ġ
ҶһעһӽУҪٴδ̴֮ʱһֻ˾ǰסҶһ
ɥʧɱֻĻᣬҶͬҲǺ޳ɵٴγ֣ȶһ׼ȷض˸ͷͣᴩԴ˳ȥ
ߣߣ
Ҷؽµɱûʱǳʤ׷ˣΪѾԶǶƣѾǲˡ
ѷеٶ༸֮ڣǱҪģķ޵Ϯˡ
ɱ绨
ûʱˣԴܡ
Ҷ˵߾ߣɣµֻŭ˻ţҪȴôסߵĳУһ򣬷˸ϵצ壬צŵص
Ȼó·
Դ޾ؿһĻǲӣԻЦŸֵܱȻһĺϷ
ֻѶֹǰ׷ţٶôҶ˵Ķأ΢Զ˾֮޶ѡ˴򣬿ʼɡ
ʱһͳסȫ
ڱеҶˣٿȻһƬּеѪʱ̱ڵϡ
Ա
̲סģͷʱÿһֻ޴ĺӰԾУֻҪɵȥ
ǹӣȥһֻԴİֻǰȻôߣԾôԶ
ǿֲͣκĺ
䡪
һ죬ͷֻ˲̤˽£ǶϽ۵ٿȻֱϢڵһֻҪȴǰ˫צһ֮£ֱӶΪأ˻ûд
۾գգһ£Ҳһ¡ƤʮּͣʯļϺķɫһƺɫƤϴаɫİƣϻϵ·
ǰ֫ϵļʮ׳ʵǰֺֺ֫צӡҶڸոյһУԭצ˲ñֱǿצֻһӿ㽫ֻء
θףʱĸ߶ȣ峤ʮףⳤţǱȵӻҪļֻ׶󣬱Щج
ֻǿһۣҶеһ⴫ȫ
ģʲô
צҶ˵Լжע⡣
ܣ޲Ǿô
ǰֻ֤Ƕҥ
צ
ֻڴ˵еĿޣͻȻ˵ǰȫеȵĽźͿ־壬֪Уȫ˺
ô죡Դʵ
֪
ûʲôԲߡ
ڡ¼УֱֲޣӦԷҲ꣬Ϊûмǰһм¼ĻɱǵƲ⣬οһ¿ԣΪԼܹɱδЩˡ
Ҳһںǵ飬ĿӦЩ͵ɡԴЩ˵
ʱֵ˭ҲҶ΢һľٶ̼޶ԼһĹ
˶ϣԴ޵뷨ȷģΪȺΪߴ绨УʱҲԷϥǵĸ߶ȡ
ֻצԽע˽ºԵʳϣѪһţһڣ㽫ֻҧ˺С飬ĹͷкͰֱӱ飬һͬȥ
ʳǸϽߡ
ǿŲľֵܼ˻ȴ
ꡪ
һ˹һĭֻ޶ҶһۣźļʳֻһѪеͫɢĲ̺׶ϢҲҶ˲˿ӡ


045 Ǳצ
ҪʵĻʵʱõķĪڼ˷ͷܡ
һȻ˵漸ʣԻ˶ֲֻľ޲ȥ׷
Ϊֿˣʵ½ǵٴ׽ǳȺֵĻļʶüͣοԳ԰صĶʯţɢʵһлᴳȥ
ʼնûҪֿܣֵܼ˴⣬ҲҪһ
һƬҪʵ̫ˡ
޾һС¥һ㣬ֱʱ򳬹ʮףڸӿʳҲﵽ׵ߡ
ֻצӵɫƤȾкɫߵ㣬˶󣬼˶ԴڼⷢĲתţʱĴһ¡۾ƺ˿ǰʮ״Ҷˡ
ллصĸлֻްǼ˵˺һ಻мֵĿꡣûʲôʱġĿˡ˾ˡ
Ǿٶȳӡһֻ޴ĺ֫ѹʬ壬Ϳʼ˺ҧϵ⡣
ŲˣԴ˵üǿ뿪ˡ
˿ʼȴһССʧһ˿춯
צٶ̧ͷ˺Ѫܵ顣ˡʼ׽˶ĵġ֨֨Ľͷ
ãûʲôķӦ
볬ʮֵľޣÿһεĺôγɵ˵սľ
ֻڵĸֲܸһɡ
ҶѾ˳˰׵ľ롣
ܡ
оѾ뿪˱צĿƷΧֵҲܲסֺ޵Ŀ־壬æӴ˳
˼ٱӣȴûע⵽ľ޴ާֲ棬ܳһҪСֻצֱֻ׸߰Сצһɭ˫ۣȴؿһܳȥҶˡ
ʱӣϵζȻèͷӺ泯Ҷķ׷ٶȥ
ֻδСצ뵱Ȼİ׷Ҷ˵һȤ¡

԰ĸǾһδйľѶǵսǧֶֻǵӪկ˽
սһʼ㼫ҡ
Ϊһܵι޺˽⣬ʼĽ浱Уٳ԰ֵֶ¶Һһ˲ʮ˵ŵû겻壬벻С޾Ȼô
ƺһ֮⣬Щ޾ûʲôµ·ˡ
ԽսԽԽԤ֪ȻһھͶӪǽȻȫ赲ֵԾȴĽַա
һʱĹֶʬ弸ǿڵĳ԰ǣһҲ
ʮнʮʧȥս԰һ˿νʧء
ʱ򣬡¸¡УָţҲʼⳡս
ӣ˳ȥ̽·ѰЩСټѪӴ˻ȥӦ໨ߡϬӣעסſڣǵôڶʯΧѲӡ
ѵõĴϢ֮ûɴ󲿶ӳȥΧΪطȷ̫ŹˣΣ֮£첻ġز£Ҳ롣ԱһֲҲĵȥѰҶ˵ټ

ȻʱӵýʮֲˬǲΥġ
ʮ԰֣Ǵ֮£ѭҵĺۼҶ뿪ķٵ׷ȥ
ֻû뵽ʱҶѾ۷˶ʯķ򣬵ȻҶڵʵҲܻϬӺ͡໨ߡܵϡ
Ѫӵķһƽһϴ񣬻ûʲôܹסм԰ȫĺܡ
Ȼȳģǽһˡ
ھһʱһֱֻҪ͵ȺޣǿĪһߣҲֻԴſԿϵλŻ˵ʱ򣬾ͻ᲻ͣźɫĻ
ǱΪᣬһֺо綾׷Ҷ˵㼣޷֮£ЩеˡʵҶµ壬֪Լһᱻ׷ֲܲκεĺۼԱڽˮĽ£㼣ӽȺᣬȻԭ·أһṦɶݣһ·ǰС
ùĽ׷һʱ֮󣬷Ҷ˲ûԼһ٣Ҳͷſȫ׷ϣȵʱԼĶѾʮϮˡ
ݺо綾ճҺҲ񾭵á֣Ǹӵֽľصںˮ֮󣬷ȷϵġ
ˣȺ
Լ£ЩҧУжʹ޵š
Ⱥɱһֲü˶ڹЩƴɵʱ˶ҲоԼ˫Щľճˡ
뿪
Źǿѹס񾭵ĶأŲļ԰֣ʼʼӪطȥ
ͻȻеһԣ֪ܳʹṦҧںˮ߹ۼԻصϡ
ȻнˮĻǴӺӱߴġ
Ȼתӡ
ƾŵơǿԿ׷ĺӰںӶĲݴƶֻѾڳݴԣˮӣԼƽ
ӿֻƵɫˮӡӾٶȼؽӽ˹ʵĺˮеӳǵѪڣӼ˷˻˻в
Ťͷοȥֿһֻڹӣĺ滹һֻֻѵˮʼˮ
Ӵ˼æ˽ïܵĲݴԣȻתܡ
ĲݴûؼܣŴͬʱеԼԽԽ·˾һ߶ʼģʱѾûбҪҪˣûж²Լ
ȻǵǰðһֵֻԴǼ˷˻˻Ͳѡæıܵķ򣬵ͻȻ䣬쬳ߵֻȻԾڿУ÷ǳߣ˲ݴԡֻڿзԾọ̈̄ȸ߸˹Ƴذװצ
һҽУһ԰ֶ˵ԭ˶صˣﻹ±㱻ҧ˺ɥ
ʣļƴǰ񱼣ȵĿ־ʹȴƣ͡һеرţǰһƬʮĲݴԿأȻާֵش˾޴ġͬľһֲ
ţҲߡ


046 ɫת
Ҫӽߴֲʱ治ԶͻȻһֻ׶ߵĿֲޣֻҶ˵ıצ̣ΪҶ˻ȥ·ߺʱ·߱ȽϽӽǵ˻𣬳ĵСޱ㵽档ȴһѵĽӡ
Ӵ̣һĽӷһĴ
þȫӽеıݺݵ˹ȥ
һǿ磬͵ķɵбצ̵ıǼ⣬е㣬ﲢûۼ׵ķȻѪ֣һŭ𡭡
צʱ㱻ŭˣ
ֻŽӵ˳ʱ֪ǰľްԣǾĶˣٶȼֱǿֲֲľ졣
ֻһڣԶĳ԰֣ʧȥϰµĲ֣ͣڵϣӵʱ䷽ŵء
˲֪Լһ޴ĴԼ˶״̬䲻ӵʱ򡣾޴ĿֲʵôڵļЩ԰ĸĽӣѡʱѾûκε˼ˣֻǿűܣԼĿ־壬ӡ
ӷֻצбﴩа룬ֻܲˡ
ǣҪ
ؿգȻȫԷɱȥھֻʣʮˣǿöʮ׸ߣҪ塢˲ܺϱľ޴ֲһܾһۼ˫ƣ
ʱһҵڵأеһĵʹֻ޵צ¡
צڽ֮ʣצ󱳵ûнɱֻצֻϷŪԼûнʳɼ顣
صˤڵϣͼϵֲֻʹذסʹáѹڵϡֻצ
ʹ̣ʹʹȥеצյĺ󲱾ϣ˶ԷصıϢ
ӱŵûɢ
ͻȻһּȵƣϮʹŨض˯⡭
һжûˣξУԿеĲҶǰҡҷ˲ҶûɵģѵһƬѸоϵľʹҲûеԼĲ˿ֻ޵Ѫ֮С
һжǷڱϣңԶ֦ܲͬҶ϶֮䣬ЩѰҵСŲݴ߿̽
ľֿи°ʱ˲ľ㵡
š
ڰͻȻˡ
һжˣ

ŶTMDһڸǣùȻһֻСצԴ޵ţ˿ûΪԷһ˶еҡ
ܰһô̩ʵ
ɢʯҡҡͷ˵ıӱȹҪϰٱ֮ǰжǵʱھ·˶Ͼζҩۣϧû˦
Դһ㶣æʵôľ룬ǻᷢǣ
ҲӦøлǸ˵ĵùһȷСצıӡҶЦЦ˵
ȷ
ܡҶҡҡͷ˵ڻǸϽҪ
ɱ绨˵
̫ðˣûбʤİաˮ˵
еֻСצײе˺ҧšذͷҿһΪӺӱϣ˼ֻᣬֻЩһڿСצ֮󣬶ؿͲͣȻĶӣСצȻҧϵͷҡ㬵ذڵϡ
ƺҶ˵ĶƬ̣ûзκζٴεȥͽѪܵʬȻ˵ϡ

ˣ
汩ŭУһƽӻһ԰ĳࡣһͬѵĳ԰֣ŵùģɸ
ľӢӣȻһȺĿʵŭɶ
㣬ǰ·ָָһӣɭԵҶǼСץǣһҪʬΡ
ǰ˵棬ΣأпǼѳ޵ĿǺαУأ
һ˵ˣҲҪȷ˲ŸġοǺǣﾹȻޣ̫ˡˡ񡯰Һᣬ֮ϱΪ񡯣๦ļޣҪ޵ľѪЩȫµ˵ˡԣ˵Σأһ˵ȴǱɽһĵط
ȻЦ˱ɽпֶĵС̺ϸඣһˣ㼸֡񡯾֤ǹƨʦгϢĶ࡭
һ˷ĪлƨҲȻϡ

һСɽµĺ棬Ҷ˽ŵڻϸ̽ʯĳ԰֡
ԷȻ࣬ȴǸ֣С໨ߡܺϬˣﲻͣЪؽִڣʯüΪܡ
ģһϬӶܵˣﾹȻ֣öԸͣҪô죿ѵһֱȥôԴЩյ˵
Ϊļ֣ڵĵع֮УôΣյʱ򣬻ٶЩ
ȥǰ취ɱȥ͸ˡˮü˵
Ҷʵ˵ܣע࣬ʲô뷨
˵Ŀⶼйˮ룬˵õİ취Ȼǽ˸ƣڲͻ£ǵʵ
ôȺ˶Ҳ
ˮ˵ﲻУ̫һ֣ȫ汬ĳͻǲȥǱߣֻǵѰһǹǵıԵˣһ޴սһֲĻᵽ֣ͻ٣Ǿл
棡
Ҷ룬ÿСȻΣգûлᣬϾ´нʯһطֵĻࡣڴ֮ҪϹӡӣͱȻ̽·ֻҪЩ֣͸ؿǵ
ȻˣǾɡСΪϣ
Ҷһ£Ҷûʲôð취ʱͬ˽ˮ飬˵Ľɫִӱߣߡ
ǣͬһʼɱ¾
ƬÿˣÿΪԼÿԣʵҲԡ
׷ҶˣڣҶַ׷棬˫֮ߣͬʱֶǱߣȻеĶǣⳡɱԽԽ˼ˡ


047 ɱ
԰ǵʬ壬ʳ
һȺ׷Ѫζ֣˵شһʬ塣
ϲǱţƵƵף˲㽫ʬ˺顣ʳУ֮以˴
ӿҰԶܴش󲽳񱼣ǰʢ硣ǺţŭͶⳡɱ
ֻ֫˽ӵСצȴ˵ٸеЩʧ
ǰЩ޶˵޼ֵ
Ϊ˲ӰЩ԰ֵʿԳ֣Щ˺ʬĳ
ռĳ԰ֵʬռһһѻճ˻ҽ
ôֻΪԼһЩڽʱܹЩһЩ
ֻһѻɢζȴĳЩõĶ
һֻӴͬһֵʱԼߣ¶һ˷ܵı顣
׽
һⷽĸ߼ޣ̲ס˷ܵͷ
ȻֻǵͼĶǼ޵ľѪ֮󣬱ʡʵã˵µȵޣܹõĶҲǼΪġ
˵ģط˵ǵһĴڣ˵ȴá
Ϊ֪ǣУԼιޣĿֻΪ˲ʱسȡѪ񹦡ֻЩޣѪѾЧȲЩҰޣԱڶ࣬Ƕٵ£Ҳ޷ѪԡĶ
棬ԸԽ£ǰӧ
ţãսپ˷Īغȵ
˷ܳսֻ֪ҪԼֻ֣ǼѪҺԼȻҪõķݶ
ʮ԰ΧһܵİԲӭֻǼ
һȣлһɫĹǹһΪһɫֱ̹һĶǼ
ǼϵΪ̵ĲֱǱͷľ޴ͷܺϵƬӱһжǼͷǹϣ䡱һ죬ǼٿȻԴ΢ѣ֢״ͷ֮ϣֻһ׺ۣӵһػͷǹǣ˺δ֡
һѾ㹻ֻӵʳĴһˡ
໡
Ǽһһ߳ӳ˹
䣬䣬䣡
ÿһŵһĻζеĽŲ·ֱӲ̤˵׵һ޹˴һ£
ųޣüͷٵһ˿ȥжֻǿķеΪ⣬Ȼ֪ϵ޾û뵽ȻֵȫһȫҪޣͲӲƴˣֻȡ
ϼڴˣ˶ͬеĹǹΪһ壬һֻƸһûʼֻ׽۾ӡȴλ֣ڼٵĽ˱仯֮Уÿһǹ˲ȻͰǹΪ
ӸѪǹңӵĹǹѪӵǹָ£֮ǰѪҶսҲҶԼĹ칦ռһЩˣĶֽĻҶҪǼΪѡ
ҲʾʵֻСһǿϾǧǰĵУһžѧܹģûСͭĺص̣Ҳڽ򣬵أȻδ¶ʵʵɡ
һڴɱ׽ҶȴټҶ׽ŭʱɵöһΣСĽ˹
ſд׽ŭԴʵܵ׽ĹôöŪǼˡ
̫񣡡Ҷ˵׽֮ĺҽԽԽӦֻ׽ܵ˺أ
ѰһСɽϵ֮һʮ׵Ļ֮ϣӸ£ƽһ˵һʱȷһ޴ս׽Ϯ棬ֻù׽ԷΧɱ
ʱֻ׽һֻ۾ѾӹǹϵϹѪע˳׽յڵϡֵȡζս׽ƣʱŻԷҪλ
ԺЧ׽ֱײĹʽ䲻ӵ½ǣۼڼʽ漫Ϊͣǲͣ߳ߴӽսڱŭ֣׽ͷͳ塢ҰĿյ𣬴ӿ¹һֻһƱ㽫׽ΪӲͷǹǴ˸飬ʬǰԶź¡һر
԰ڸֻȸԾȺá
ӷɵ£ϥأɫͨ졣
߳Ҳתͷ󺰵ڣȡѪ
ȺеУż԰֣ԭװˮߣ׽ʬǰȡһͭܣ׽Ѳ˽ȥľѪߵС
淽תͷԵӣ˵ߣӣ̫СˡɱֻΪĿĵĻ׵İ취Ҳ˵ĹȥҪ֪Ѫ˺εҪĶԷĹˣѪҲˡ޹ȻǱѪЧǰװ˷ô
ӺͿ֪һ亹ҽƱ磬æϴ
֪ͺãԼȡ֮һѪŹЧʱ򣬽ԼĹɡ
ϲæߵͷл
ԼȴһʹԸȥѪΪϧγߴħϬѪͽˣЩ˵УֻħԼͽܣ˵ȶĸɲţֻЧ棬ԼǹܵĹϵ
Ұļ󣬼ԼĳǰҵĻҵҲΪֲ£ڸ֡δڵӳĵʱһͰѪȻ󣬵ǵõǿߵģҲֵõġ
ֻǿϧȻյУӶԼ׽ĺôǸ˽ӣγѹֻ֪ԼĻкùӳԡϧ
׽Ӵʬ壬õѪͰĶѪǾ֡
һӣȵЩͨѪҲǴ֮ҲˡСǣĪŹһ١硯
ð
Ⱥ԰ϲְ˽ŵȥ֫׽ʬ壬ȴԸƬֺЦӻͳѳذףΪ׵ħӺӶˣ佫׽ƶǣʳѪ⡣


048 Ѫԡ
ħˣδǷָ⣬ڿƶ֮󣬽ԼѵóģͿѪȻϥأй
ǸħӸͳһؼãͳö룬ϵļΪյҪѨ֮ϣȻ׽ĸڣ׽Ѫཫ濪ʼйμΪ졣
ô£ѵǴ˵еġѪ֮ǽѪɣҶΪɵóʵ
ɢʯǱȽ˽⡰Ѫ֮ˣϸ۲Ƭ֮󣬻˵ӦһƵֶΣҿҲֱѪҺУϾѪѪкеʶ˵һ־綾Ƥºͼ⵱дĻּܡ
ѪƤĤ⣬δšЩǴ˵ħѪڵֶΣֻѪѪѪҲ㲻аӦøŵҩԡɡˮҲЩ۵˵
ǺųơµһŷƵ˴ߵˡ
Զħ֮УǱؼ·Ҷо䣬аһҪ㵽֡
ʱ԰ڣذףָ⣬ֻǱܿħĵطԱѾȼ˶棬ⱻͶ󣬻вⱻ׼֮̿տһʱɢǵһ󼢳ꤡ
ģȺ쵰ܣȻô㣬ǳѬĹȴ˵㣬û绨˵ŻӶ
ʲôģţԲأţҲûвζԴ޴ʱǲ绨̧ܣ湾һ죬˵ʱԴ޲绨ǿȥ
ҲòȥѾûкúõĳԶٷˣ֮ǰľ⣬ΪֵעҶӽ˳԰ʱӪ֮УʱֻмȨˡ
ʱ۽еȺˣ֮⣬еֶһѪֱڵйƺÿ˵ĹѪֶζһѪֱӽѪ̷ϻѪӣȻ˫Ѫ֮С֮ͬоȻѪʹ÷˲ͬҶ˵ĺĿ⡣
ҶطǺǳ
Ҷߵļֵ˵ڵĽ׶Σǲ֮ǰΪҪۻ׶ΣҶġڤ񹦡ϡޱĻƽϣ˵⣬ˡ׽ϣĴͨҲֻʱ⡣
ΨһʣµģΪ˲֮󣬻øõؼǿķѰǿġȻΪСղ塿ĴڣҲǸ⡣
⼸һҪѵʱϡ
ʱ䣬ʱ䡣
ڳҶˣѾ˷ĵزκһܹʡʱķҶ˶Ǽڵõġ
ǰġѪ塱طԱһ
ĽǵĴԴ̾˵Լӣ˵ŪôĶζǲ̫˰
Ҷ˵ͷͬǵȷţҿǹģζޣǺɡ
ɢʯüǲ̫дأ
ˮ߳ȻǾţǸ棬㿴ô⣬ʲôޣɥǵɡ
˲˵Ϊȷǿʵֻ׷ҶäĿܵ׽㱻һƻУҶûʵġ
ǳһֻ׽ƾӵսǻܹɱһֻġ
ҲҲӦֻ䵥׽ɱ˳⣡绨ĵ
ҲȺеǾȥɱ׽ҶĻ˲Ŀ⣬ȴͷҲת·ָָ
ѭŷȥҶƵʲôԭˡ
ֻڳ԰˻۵ĵطԶһƬʵ֮Уһ˶ͷ­εؽƽϵĳ԰ˡֻԭ׷Ҷ˵ֻСצ
Ȼֲֻľ޶ಢûرķֱҶûκεĲ𣬾еĴһöһӡ
Եŵһ㴫鿴ʱ뵱ȻذȺ˵ԼֻдʳҲĶӱüȼ
λйϣ׼ʱ򣬽ǵԵУһ˻͵شһֻ޴Ĺޣֱ˵׽Ĵ԰ֱͻȻֵĿֲŵôͣ¡У˱޲̤˱ײɣŻѪز𣬸һ԰ܣȴڻιǰʱ򣬱ԷߵķӦٶȣֱҧ˿УһҽУİӵ˵ϣӳСצĿʳ
ɱ˽ӣ֮ǰֻ޵ĳ԰֣ҽȥ
ãΧɱŭ𣬻ˡһ죬⣬иһɫΧתͣ
ҿԭ˵Ѿˡ쾳۷徳磬ҾȻ޾Դֻò˶ãԲ롮龳ˡԴͲסеľг
Ҷɫ䣬벻书Ȼ˻ʵʮĵλһŵԸ񣬾Ȼɻ
Ǳطǳ
𡪡
ŰСצȺʾؿεضȺе棬ֱظе˿вȻʾؿҲ治š
ȻϷҵѪ˴ıצȻ˵㣬ҲϷĹһˣ
Цͣпֻ׵ıצѣ˵Ҫ壬ͨϼѣ洫֧֣Ѫ壬ȻԼǿǱΪպߵĸԶû
СǣϷغΧϷҪȡΪҽϴ󷨣ƽ

ڶȻɢסСצܹѵĸ·ߣȴ潫С

ЦУ滯Ϊһڹ⣬ֻСצ
𡪡
Сצ޵ϺͽԸκιã޴쳯ŷڹҧȥǼܽҧϵľ޿ڣڹǰ·棬ۼ߱Ҫײһ
дһߣڹڿ͵һתһ΢Ļߣһ죬һصĹȭù޴ֱͣӻСצͷ࣬һǳصĺСצļ¡һڵϡ


049 ǿ
ۣ˧
޻εʽ͵Ĺһб㽫ֲֻ޴ڵأҶҲɵþ̾
ȻǵзѣԷǿʵҶ̾ѣ͵ĳ;УͻȻһߣû˼ײͻȻٶȿ֣Ҳǿ֣ҶΪײֱֱȥСӣһΣͬʱΪĸо
ӦǿûʽбȽϸ߼ֶˣȻ޷ӴЩȴ˶ԻʹãǶһЩպ커
Сצһأȴ˲űҪʱٴΧ壬һ嵽СצǰһںڵŴƥƣСצĲӾײ˹ȥ
һҪײֻпСצǶ顣
Ϊǿ֣Сצʱ򱬷ǿıܣ˫צգųųĺɫٿȻȥצγɣڼľϣֱץϣˡ
һ죬ее滤飬¶һľģͬʱǰ½飬צ۳ǰѪȻӿ
СצצȻڶʯºۼצȻĻ˵˺ۡ
𡪡
ֻСצϾǳͬ࣬ϵצȻȴͬĽʵ˶ԷͬʱǿͬʱҲ˵צӡ
ֻצڸոյײУѾŤΣȻղŵһѾ˫צһιҪͬĹȴǲܡ
ɫٿȻһֱܵӵ˺ҾȻЩ˺

ȻŭһأȫȻøԭɫȫڣеĺɫʼ¶м治ͣڷɡ
мȫޣֻʣһڵĴԭء
ֻ˫צ˵Сצ˿־ĸо˿Ѿվ˵˫צǰһʾصͷ˻һ߻ˣͲת
ʶʮʵ벻ʦյϲô㱻һͬʵĵ𰡡ҶЩ˵
Ϊɵʵոյõǣֱʵһ¡
ĵܶһЩ
ҶĿסħӵˡȻԸ棬⼸ܹ˵ҲǼΪ
ڽ׶Գǲܵ飬ҶЩԶȥǸǼ֮ǰֻ걩צĵطֻ걩צӦĺֻ벻ףΪʲôôˣֻıצûѰҹ
͵Ҷų걩צЩֵĿյƽϵѾ۵㹻ȫס棬Χγɵ磬ͬһХɣеĳ԰֣ǺȻԶĹ·꼰㣬νضС
塪
һȣ㹻ڳ֣һźɫΪһɫ˻ѾСצ
֪ԼһСצŭ˻ýҲѪڳҧȥ
䣡
˻
һҵײ޷ڸСצǰĲҽֻ޳׼ȷҧϣȴŹȻ˺ֱͣӴӿǻлԴűͷ޴ĲҽңңشʮķΧ
СצԴƵ죬ѵ°ͬʱ۶ǺѪֱðС޼ǿȻڵ֮󣬲ͣس鴤
Ѫ
Сצ֮ϣһŲԴһֹסǰѪƥؿ˷̬ܵɵӶܿó
ϵĴУ׽⼸ϡãζǰѾΧݴеǽǳֻΪСצɢǿζ˸ԽһȻڲݴУȴʱ
Сצǰ𣬸ıһУЩǲһӵϣǳ˼ң߳ޣʼΧˣſԭأ巢
ôһƬݴԣһɹա
ŷҸо̫ŶԴ˵Ļһ󷭰ۡ
ϻЩǵķӦ΢ȫһˣе˼
˿ʼѰвԴ
Ǳһ󣡡ˮͻȻָŲԶһƬˮ˵˭Ҳʱ˵⻰ʲô˼ǲұǣУӵǱӦûᰲȫһЩЩ;޴ޣһᱻġ
˻ȻĵײɵСʱ뵽·
ô죡Ҷһ֮ͬ˵
ʱ̫ѹ֣ÿ˶оԼԴһʱܵŵѰҿܳΣĵص㡣
𡪡
һ𣬴ԶһӴԶ֮С
ֻıצû
𡪡
һŭ˸еһƬˮգͬһֻצһֻȻСһЩҲǳıצ
Էһһĸֻ걩צֻԱצĸǸ˴һͷ˫ϵļ⼴úԶҲܹܵǿ
ֻ޳ֵĵطԭֻһ۵Сɽû뵽ȷʵ׺޵ĳѨǳ֮ѭźǰĲҽＫٱ
ǿĴȣܵٶȾԳߵṦҶ㣬Լٶ˵һǵĶ֣ٶܹԽǵĻ±ɷǸˡؿࡱı̬һ
ֻ޵ĳ֣ǱҲʱĻңҵĳ̶㱻ѹ
Դ˵Ϊģ޹̶ϮɱļƻֻҲû뵽ȻһֻצҶԷǳֱͣĸ߶ȣ㳬ʮףղֻСצķ˵ˣ֪͸ߴĳ걩צʵǿ˶١
ȻЩ⣬Բ˶ܣת˲˼򵥵ļƻ
Ѫ󢣬˴˽ֻС͵ıצ˸ҹֻļһ
ʱֻСצľѪûȫȡħӵ˸Ϊ˷ܵͶ뵽һֵɱС
ǶŽäĿΣ¾һˬɱ
ͬģг԰ڶ֣Ϊ֮ǰıʵ̫ǿˣǽֵĹţطԲʲôܹвġ


050 սޣһ
ȻҲ޴֮ڵǵĻ֮濪ʼ۹ɫٴγɡ
Ȼ֮ǰһ𣬲ɫתܵĿռ䣬źŵݣһźɫ̫˺ѵռ䶼Щž죬ۻ뵽Ϊ˵ĵز
ֻޣѾ˵Сצеʬ壬һͬŭХҪس˹
ذ
ٴɫУŭĿԲѾͫףɫͬһȼճƤɫ˴ڣϸϣܿǺɫϸƬ
⺧ȴΪĺɫŶ泣ѪĽҲΪǿ״̬ЩԭΪɣʹѪȴûȫĽʵЩжʵѪȫ֮
ɢͬһϢֻצҲͬʱеһ˿죬ŵͬϢѪƺӴȻ죬ںȻ˷ŭǰһѪҲس
𡪡
ͬХŻ㹻ٴλΪһɫŴͷĹצȥǿ磬ԽĲ׽ʬ島ϡ顭
ǿܹ׷סƷ׽
ͻǿֻӴĹצչѰݺжǰצ̽ͬһָףŻ
һצϣȻһ̵ţ߽׵뵱Ȼģֻ˭Ҳû뵽ִĹҲӵܡ
еĺɫţٴչ֮ǰͻȻľ͵һȣ䲻ݷƹצצԷš
ֻצȻҲ࣬Ȼ͵һͷĹٿȻգӱצͷ˹ȥȻı仯˶ȵ
湥צһȻûЧȥδţȴŵػ˹צĸؿڡ

ؼѵֻĸצһ˻ѵѪعѣײڵأˣһʱ
𡪡
ŭĹצʱȴΪǰԭһʱƲסǰȥͣ滹δüκηӦǰһӰǿԼٿȻ֮䣬ͬڵһֱ˳ȥȻɳʮ֮󣬷ڵϣͬʱʮ׵ľ룬ڵһ
ȻֻצٴóǿķӦڲͬʱԼβسͣ档
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ڶĵ˻ͬʱ԰ĸ֣ȥĹצɱ˹ȥ
ʱĹצҲǳǰʮ׵ľ룬ǿ֫ڵϻĹֹ֣סӴ
ʱһΧһȺ๥ǰѹԶԶղŵǸˣĲӬצУҲЩ԰ĸչ˹
޴ٿȻҧϣһ԰ֶܲҧأβһӣ԰ֱ죬ǶϽ۵ڿѾǶ
һ˵ĸ֣Ϊɵ˿Уñצ׹ֻһͷֱʧ˶Է޴Ѫ֮С棬µѪȥʮԶ
ɢɢɢħӴе
ʣµʮ԰֣·γһ㣬ͬӬһһɢܿ˱צͬʱ˵ľ档
ȥ棡ǲס
£Ҫħһ£ƽʦҲвֻǴʱΣͷҲħӵָʹûеִŭһصķȥ
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䡪
ֻǰһƬڹӱ㱻һɡ
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ԶսҶ˳ԾؿųֵĻڵĹˣʶ˰죬ŴϿԷ֮ǰɵ档
汻צβͳɣȻŻһѪȴˣֻʵܣһӱŷ˳
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ɫƬΪŭ֮£ҲȻֱӷɳȥҪֻצ汾ƴֿ󣬵ʵļթˣһת㷭һֻشĸצȥ
ֻצȻһѵޣǽɱ޵ʵΪֻ̼צԷĹ
ԷĹȻΣգܹڴ֮±סԷķֻͽȻĸһֻޣǳ־սҲֵõġ
ڴˣȽĸצе
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צƻǿٶҲǾǿ֫צӣԼӵпֲҧͣΪ˹Ӵ׼ģٶ׷ޣȻ˻צεץסҧ϶ԷĲӡ޴ΪģһٶͣҲ˳ǾתǶԸСࡢٶ࣬ԳĲ㡣
ζĸצǰش󣬲ʱԷĸλãνԷʮ׸ߵƷڵأ̶Է˵عǡ
ٴһι֮ĸצУԶĹצԮ
ʱĹצѾʮĳ԰ɱЩǰСڷɢĸԶˣٵĹÿֻѡһˣʱҧգͬʱԼĲҲܵԷޱĹ
Ȼĳ԰ֶ˺ͬʵļ֣ǵĹȴԸצ޴ʹУԷĹλļط쳣ŭ
ʱżԮֻȻеߣͷȥӡ
סס
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ֻΪһȴͻȻ˦βʹϣצչ¶ʳߵĽթһ棬һֱޣûͻȻֳǻۣҲ˳һ


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ӱצβɣٿȻɳȥʮס
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͵ͻһѪﻹ࣬綼ǰΪޣڵһ㱻ɵȻˣȴ档
ԼعֻһѾˣʧȥս
ҵǣѡ
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һСɽϣɽϵĸߴާֲҶ˴׳֦ɣͷһѣΣͣʱ³һѪ˼صˣã֪Լƣ
У֪ʲôҷһԼ壬һ亹
⣡Īбڴˣѵעѵô
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Ӹտ˵һ۴Сȭͷǰصһ춯ţӶ˵ֱӻ˹ȥ
ʱԱһ̶ѹߺУTMDŻ֮ȥǻԴɡ
ֵǸͷɾ绨ˡ
Դ޲ػŭ˵ʲôã˵עô죿
Դ޻Ҫ˵ȴһԵҶϣٷϻ˸ϽطСĶԷѰһĹ˵
Ҷġڤ񹦡ٷˣ֮ǰ쾳ϬӣȻԷǿдϣڤ񹦡ΪֶʹãǷȱҪ쾳磬Ƕһڹͼܽ
ڤ񹦡ʮͼҶǶһͼߵǶ·ߣԭΪͼܳԶ֣ڿЩдˡ
Ҷ¶ģ¼֮һҪһϼѧһᣬڤ񹦡ʮ͡澭ǰʮͼȫһѧġڤ񹦡Բǿͼչġ
ҶѾˡԪĴԲ磬Ѿȫöκεĵģڲͣţĵطת׽ͨȫĹ̡
ˮĥ˸ʯһ㣬ϸϸĴĥвͨľ塣
Ҷʮͨ澭ζҲѴͨһʱ䣬ҲѸոմͨеľ棬һĴŬĿꡣ
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УԴ޷˷ְۣһӣͻȻ۽Ƿ·𿴵һɵᡰסһȥӵ·
绨ŵһԾ𣬻ҵ˵㹷յĹȻһڣҾ㣬ֵĻҸ
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ԴȴͷϵжʱҶһԵĽˮ˲һĶֱƿӵ½¶˸ϵ
ѽԹԣؼƵ˰Ҷ̾Ϣ˵
һ仰˵עɵöΧ
Դŭɶؿ绨УлȻһ˫ֺʲǸ
Ȼؼ
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ԽǹϵĴУԴЩؼھ֮࣬ԽأԲ˱溬Ծѧͨ䶪һԵ
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ιǼˣڷŹԺһŹŶ绨ѵ
⼸ֵܵУǷҳ绨ɱϷ治ڶ룬СļһǿĴַɱˣûŮ֮𣬴һӣһ顣
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ŶǸ缸ɱ㣬ͬͬ⣡绨ʵʵ˵
ʲʲô𾪣¶ΪŹֵ飬ؿǰһС꣬𺳵ǡʲô


052 սޣ
Ӳŵؿǰˣ޵һɲȷȴɱز
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ǿҵȴԸŶԷĻġ
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˻࿴һۣԴﶼһհס
ոյõ˺켶ġѪʵڲ֪ʲôҪõģҾǶԷҲһܱ֤õϢǷʵġ
ջҶ̾Ϣһޱϵ˵Ǹ˵ʵɱģϾһΪˣɱҲҪκεɡջǾ㣬㲻ûɡⲻʲô塣Ϊǲм֮ΣȻǸѪ𣬳֮Σ£ҲԸεġƫƫزʶȻǾӣƼˮȡЩⲻȥ
ηȥҲʲôõ룬պս꣬ҲԲĴɱǸʹ죬ʱɱ㣬вǵķλȥ㵱ûзպ꣬ɳɱʹ죡
Ҷһ˵һɹȻֹĸо֮ǾȻڵġ
УǶԷȴԼָмҲǳġҶ֮䲢ֱӵĳޣĳԹ
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ͬʱһֻצ̧Ҫ棬ȴ˴ӱ֧ϸһػһʱվȣȻ൹ԡ

ʱ֪ŭ棬ٴα˾˵ʵڸǰıצľ㣬Ÿ첿λ͵ػӳȫһȭ
飬Ȼһ죬Ǳצʹ˻𣬱צ죬汩һȭ򴩣Ľֻʣһ
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ڶӴʧɫæس˹ֻצ֪ʱͷ𣬼¸ϵĸצǰֻ޴˵ԼĳѨӶȥ
ڶȻ֪ʱǻɱ޵ʱȴû˸ôΪΪֱϵ˵иֻ̣Щûһк³
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ãúã˲зϣ¾һˡɢʯЦ
˸ԹǾʲô֮ĵġ
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绨ֱӽ俸˼ϣ˳ȥ
ȥţְԴ޺һ绨һͬ˳ȥ
Ƭ̹˱˻Դﻹһ˹ǹЦӯӯ˵ٺ٣ȥǼһıˡ
ңϵ绨һ˹ȥ˵˵㣬ôȿǿŰŵġħҶͬʱʵ˵ɣռıߵıˣ


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һҪռģȻſ˰ȵʲô
һҪռ׳֣滹ޱצܹռ˵ġ
ҶԶĳ԰̧֣ӻص˴ӵУ˵ȿǸ໨ߡôֿ˵ĵضǸ˵ӣɵЦҲõӣˡܵ衯һʱѲ
벻ǵҩЧ˷ŷĵؿ֡
ȻƬ֮ǡ໨ߡܴӣӸ棬ѭֻ޵㼣׷ȥ
˵ħӸֳԵӱãȻָµĳ԰֣Сצ׽ź룬ֵõͰѪ֮࣬ħٴ壬СצѪ֮ڡ
ĳ԰ʰκ޹˼ɵش
ʱǰЩ˱ҶõĹĿꡣ
ﻹ˻Ե棬ܹбֱܽӸɵǳһĸ󻼡
ֵܹĳ԰ֲʮˣҴս󣬸ƣǶֵĺʱ
ֵܼ˼򵥵һ㿪ʼ˹ȥ׼֣ʱһȴǱ໨ߡʿдӵģȻǸҶݽѪӡ
ԭķԸӦǸϬӶڶʯģѪһ˵ѵһޣǿҵҪǰϬӱʾʯû£໨ߡܱͬѪӵĻع顣
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ΪһѸսʤѪӣǡ໨ߡһһŵ紵ݶϻԮС໨ߡڣȡʤȴǼѵˡ
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һԵĽˮЦߺߣͻ䣬鱾ͼħӾȻ֮Ѫ˺ͻָȻԼȥܣֻɱħӵĶ˰ɡ
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ǣ١໨ߡܵһУҶڵ
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¼ʶһƨɵˡ绨һ䣬ȴǵԴһŭӡ
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ˮһ仰СĽˡ
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һǲ󣬵˱ǽһ˵ɵնӶȻܸҡֻΪԷһ໨ߡǽѪӵңһԷѪӣǰΧȻĿĻӵʵסҶˣ໨ߡܺѪȻҲάһһĲã»عĶ鵱С
ֻ໨ߡû뵽ҶǸûôôԼİΧУΪĶȽԶȱӵϡ
໨ߡܺѪ˵ʵ㶼ףӵϣҲԽҶ£ֻΪ˱ܻ֪ͨӣͬʱԼʱ䣬벻ȴ˵Ľˮһƣ˫ֱ֮ӽ˽սС
໨ߡһЦٿȻϣһƥҶӽͬʱЦøβ¾ɫС簡ôūǰˡ
һҡʮ˱䣬仯Ĳʵһ㣬˫ֱ仯ͣĽˮսһ
ҶδüϺͱ֮䣬̶̵Ƭ̹򣬽ˮ̻֮ͬһ㣬ĹâĽ
Ҷһâʺʱ򣬽ˮѾƺһˡ
һ֣˶̶ʱڱ㽻˳ʮУ֮ľ̴򣬼ͣۻңսˮϲǶԷĶ֣ԷӲƴһǣĵ˳
Ҷϣûγɼлƣ໨ߡܽЦӭȣ棬Ūһ̬ȴǵҶŻµһݣϼٴΧչ󷨡󡿣Ϊȫ̵ɽ׽ǿΧǿеϽʱΧ˵кɱ
ڡǰǸոտһġ໨ߡܣҲ͵سһ˿㵣֪ǳĳ԰ǰȴǽһ䣬ǡΪ߽ء֮󣬱ΪȺɱ֮ͬʮĸҶͬʱԵУ԰ֵʱˣһʱǰֱءǡΧ˵С
໨ߡָһ̣һʺӽɵЦϣСӣȻ᲼ýūҡ
ৣʺһæңҲղŵɡ
ҶЦȴǶš໨ߡĵ֡
λѣͽƶˣȥֻ£
ң绨һȣڿһ̬ѪӣԭӵĹǹһٵѪӣǹڿһ޴Ļȣ˵һ绨ʹж
绨гѪӣ̩ҵݺһɨӵ滮Ѫǰء
ɢʯԴޣȴ˫֣ĳ԰սһ
СɡҶ໨ߡܡ
һֱҶڽϵĶ֣ЩಫĴУΪ߳һصĸ֣ҶΪõľЩǰ棬Ҳýʱȡʤ
ʱҶȫĵͶ뵽ܵսĽܵĽҶάŶǿĹöԼѾöֳһǰ£ȡðԵơ
ڡ໨ߡǰԲѾ㹻ľˡȻƾһ֮Щɣ㽫ԼεΧҷɱҪڼʱȡԼôܣ
໨ߡܲɵö˵еһ˿ͬ顣ԼԷĹѹƵ̧ͷһҪһһɱһǿߣǼ޷ġ
໨ߡ¶һ˿ͬ飬Ҷ֪Լսɹˡ
ҪԼĶΪԼڳǿ
񹥲֮󣬹ȻǷϣǸʱ򣬱ǶԷΪõķʱʱҶԷµġ
ʱӰˡ
Ҷ˹ԼͷϱƳһ㺹ˮԼıҲľͷϵĺʼ٣ĳʼʧȥ֮ǰԺ׼ȷһУҶɡԼѾ;ƿݡ״̬ˡ
໨ߡеЦˣ뵱ȻΪҶһϵеĸǿȹ֮ʼƣһ㣬ΪǿߣԷǸ֣һʵĲ࣬ڸκεСĺͽ
ĳ䲻֮Ҷ֮Ĺ˽״̬г԰ĸֶڿʼľ֮øΪͻ
˲ףҶΪ޴һ֣ΪƫƫҪӲһǿأȻڳڱԷѹƣǹŹֵĽסܵΣ־֣ǿά㹻ԵֿסԷĹǸĵʿһǿǲȡʤʲô취ȡʤأ
໨ߡܵЦŨˣɱ¶¶ģһҪɱҶһ̶¡
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һһıУԼȻһֶɱʵһԼΪڵЦԼǱԷĹѹš
ûǰϵֺͺֵĶԾ棬Ҳϵ˷չ
ܿȵĻڻǳˡ
ǸʿȻһĹȻһͣһĪıٿȻ֣ǲֻʵģԷʼˡ
֪ԼȵĻڳˡ
ԥģһЦ֮Уеȳǰһָݺݵش͸ԷĽأСʿʺ
Էƴţõֵѣһ໨ߣס˾;ֻеϢʱ򣬲ʱ
ٿ䣬֮ľ룬Էʺ֮ľ룬׵ľ룬ҵľ룬ۿȱҪԷʺ֮ʱκ˶벻ı仯ˡ
Ҷ˵ĲٿȻͣ´ĳһξָܵʺ
߰˴磬һ֮࣬䣬߻ľ룬ԵҶٽʱ򣬼ͳԼʺȥײԷĳ
ٿȻȳԱߵĳ˹ȥٶһĿ١Ҷƴ֪ʿĽ٣Ҳϰ˶ԷĽ٣֪ڵٶȣԽݹĳķɣȻٱ仯ǰָԷʺһУ´࡭
ڿ޿ɿٶ£Ҷ٣Խ֪ĸı䣬Ȼһƺע˵ˣ׵ظı
֮ǰܿƴҲûߵĹٶȣȻһʵ֣˲䣬ܱ֪Լϵˡ


055 β֮սһ
Ѿ߹ҶˣȻ߹Ļ
رľ֣ÿÿʽ֡ȻȻ΢ļ㣬óѵĳɹ
ܵһУּµĹתǡڽӴֽɲǣ۷״̬߷ǿĹ
Ҷĸı䣬ǸֵܳģȴƫƫǰȷȷʵʵķˣʱԤգ˲֮ûУܱС
ģȫչԼĻͷ
ĵӣκ˲Ȼķһˡ
ҶһλֵܣȲɽкãǽԺս仯̫죬û˸ϵٶȡ
ߵľٿȻΪ룡
Ҷڵľڼţ翽ּٶ΢У΢仯һֱ̣ʵϵ΢£ͬһܵĻϣһɲǡ
һʻʢ֮䣬ʢڽ뻤֮䡭
Ѥ̻
ֱӵĽ
ǽϵǻͬõ̻һ׽ţ
·Ƶء
ͷ
ûκ
ڵж˫˵ҪԾʺŵҪʱ̣սȦģõ̻
ֳһǿ˲ֱӵâǼװı졣
âķΧδԶֻӳճ翽̴ܻɲǹ⾰ٿȥ
䣡
Ҷ֮⣬û׷ô£ȴ
ҶٴֳΡ
ͬʱ׷ɡ
ǡ໨ߡźǿЩȻһȱˣסԼ
Ҷȴ߷ֱغֱϣʮಽʼ翽ϵ̻ͬ¶Ŀ
˵ľԶʮ⣬˫Ϊƽضš
һʱ֮䣬ΧսҲֹ֪ͣ
绨к̩ļлѪӱɱú䤱ֵգڣǰҶ֮ս
סȣ£һѪۣӶͷ۾ֱա
ڹؼʱ̣һ谭͵ͷԭ̴۾­һڵӡ
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ãҶĨȥһѪȻش
ԷĻȻͷըһı仯ûлҶ΢ˡ
仯ʼδ֮ǰϬӶԾʱҲйƵľ飬һڣһ⣬ͬĶǶĸ߼ơ
ô˵ĽУҶСʤˡ໨ߡһ
¾Žġʽٴν
ۼ໨ߡܱһֻ۾һԵѪӲȻŭŭһҪɱȴһϺȣס֣
ѪһƬ֮ɫΪʲôʦ֣㣬Ҫɱ
໨ߡܲȻһЦ˵Ϲֻ۾ѡ°ɡǽһֻ۾ƽɨһҶˣȻ˵ǰˣ߰ɣȥǻصεˣ
Ѫ󾪣Ҫ໨ߣȴԷֹȻǻĲʣ໨ߴţͬҴĳ԰֣롣
ʧڲݴ֮УȻԶֵܻ֮һһͬΧҶ
ߣɵƯ
㾹Ȼܣǡ
һԡһ˵ͣҶЦŵ˵ͷƽ˵ҶѣԭһѺɱѪϣ̫ûǵ£ΪԶǣʵûӳԼܸԼɡ
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˸˵شЦӦ
ղ˵ǻ᳷ˣǾã˵ôˮ侲
ȻˣȻԴЦˣ໨ߡϹһֻ۾ǶʧȥսʣµҲϬӡӺѪӻսôǱʤأҲ޷ɱǣҿһǻ᳷˵
޲ͷͬ⣬ڵ͡໨ߡܶҪҽôصˣǼƱȽס
ϣ˰ɣҶ̾

ʦ֣ôܷߣһսֻҪסǸСƬ̣һɱ˼һǱ̾ɱǣ
ѾȥԶѪӣڡ໨ߡܵľǼΪ
ۡ
໨ߡͻȻ³һѪڱԹͣѪһæסȻ塣
ʦ֣ôˣ
໨ߡܲȻЦԷĽ˵ԴֻҶˡûпĻҵСӻǸУܹشֵֶΣʱӲƴǱɣҲĶӵ³
Ѫһࡢһ죬ðŲĵ˵Ǿе㲻ģȺ쵰һʱŽҴġ
ҡҡ֣˵Ҳһʱ̣һʵΪأֻ»ỵʦŵĴơҼ£պٱǻȥ󣬽뿪ơ
Ѫ̾һͷʾ֪

ʱ֮󣬳԰һ˹ȻʼʰװŲʮ԰֣˳ȥ
ԶĵطҶ˼ල˵ĳ롣
ŶйͷġԴЦ˵
Ҳһô̩ʵ
Ҷͷһصĵ磬Ц˭֪ǻ᲻ǡǵȣߡ˵ﻹбûռء
һ۾һؿǴצѨλá
ǣ֮ļʱҶо˱צǵϰ֮󣬿ʼ˸ֲ֡
ǴĳѨնķʽɱʮᣬǵĶҺͶȫȡ˳ɶɢʯ඾ݺʹ߻Ƴһܹ鷭ʮͷҩղһͷʳݵޣҩȥȻ˱צʳȻ·ϣʣµģĵĵȴˡ
ȻûҶ˵ȴ̫áֻצһȳһյسˡΪĹֻĸצأ޷ԣצȽˣٶ޷ܿ죬⼸ֻצȫڼ״̬Ҳ͸Ҷ¶Ļᡣ
˵κζضԶɢʯҩҲԶԷѣͶԷķӦٶȣȻ󻹵ֱӹЧ
ͻȻֵֻצȻĽģγɵսʤǡȻЩļͥôأĴһԼĳθڴһ֮󣬹צûãվȵ󣬴ִβ˦˦ȥһһ˼
ˣϣɢʯȳֵܼʣԺıצ˹ȥ
ȹҶԭҪϹԷ۾ΪצͻȻһҡͷƫݺݵضƬ֮ϣֻ߾ϼιצһͻȻֵܼˣ۾ͱЩģˡ
еһҶĹñצĶһ˲ͣ
һµӣצĶٿȻһ١
ǰģֳ̩
Ҷᣬ̩Чһ嵽צǰµһɽƵˣ׼צǳĲӱ㿳ȥ
ûκεĻڶľ
ǽµڼϣȥʼ̩׶ȥЩļ᲻ᱻǿŤϣȴЩȫն
Ȱ
˺ѷεźѾ޵һͷ˳
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䡪
ֳһƬ䣬ȼһͰ
ƬѵҲС
Ϊҵһ׼ȷ˱צĲӣָжϣ̩оεش͸Ŀ塣
ģ
צԴ͵ر˦һԣӴһ൹ȥʼЩҡΣ֮ȴûоʹ˵¡
̩һƺҲЩıצһ˿ѣҵʹҲ˱צԡ
һֱĿ̩˷ܲѵؽٴξ׼նڶŭıצʶطȴ̩ĵڶι
Сģſ£
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ģ
̩绨еĹǹʱŵ˹ֱӹצһĸ죬յسľ˻ȥΪ̩ĹȽȴһ
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ɣԴ޺ͽˮ˴ʱøϵһߴţһ߳Ŀȥ
צҲٴע⵽Դ޵ˣܵ˵ϣδü֮ʱתĽǶȣýֲĴԴ˳ˡ
໡
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ˮҧеĻ˵绨Ƿǿġ޺ҲᱻᴩܵΪصĴˣֱɥ
Ȼһ뵽״ü侲Ľˮǳᣬܵ˱צ޷
ȻˮĿľϮűצעеı佣׼˱צûƬβ͸ݺݵش˹ȥ
ҲǸļһѡצľջɡ
Ľˮ֪ΪʲôʱԺͻȻ뷨
ꡪ
佣ݺݵش˱צβ͸ȻûƬȻ뱩צܵƤĦ̶졣
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𡪡
צʹβܵص˺˽ȥȣȻûнӴ޵Ĺȴ˵˽Ѫܣ˲Ѫˮӿ˳
ŭıצѰ˺ԼףˮִӱצƻǰԷھ޴ʵ̫н˵ˡ
ĶɢʯԴ޿ʼɧŹվۻҵĶͣطʵø
ƺ֮ǰ죬Ҷһ㣬ӽǶ˱צƬϿģֻҲų


056 β֮ս
Ҳһһ̩ҲٴŴ󵶳
צĹ̩һѪȴûˣȻؿʹȻ˶Ӱ죬һ¾ûгӵһأεĶ֮һɴ˿ɼͷצʵ½ˡ
ǣ
Ҷ˵жצеЩᷳط˽Ȼʼڵת
һ߷صĽһóβͳɨشβ˺ø󣬲ΧԵôĵˣ취ʵЧġ
צͬһ㲻ҪתҶֻøԺˣ֯
ʵⳡսð취ֱšħֱӲצԴҶҲȷԹһΣϰյǲ㱻ԷצΪΣڶֲ㱻ĴҧϡãζҪͷšݡٿձ򣬲ûйҵ
ҲףȻǶñצʵ½һ뻹࣬ӦٶҲ࣬ʵȻǿ󣬻㹻ʵɱ
ԷðգҶ˻ȴĹűצ
βͣնβͣҶ۲һ£
βͣɻĿҶ
ߵıצ˵βǼΪҪƽ⹤ߣǿβͣȻĶʧȥԭ׼ȷ
ң
ûʱ۲ϸĽͣҶֱӶ
̩Զӧ˵
˵У̩µΪıҪͷиͷҪҪйǼȭŵ˿׶ˡ
ûȼã֮ǰɢʯԴעıצʶ̩Ҷͣ˽Ųǳ߳
̩Ҷæֱ㣬ʮǿضι
ӵȥˮ
ʮ׸ߵޣĸо޴Ŀռüڡ
⣡
ȷ˵ж̩֮һ嵽צĸ·
µӵ׶һǳɣݺݵؽ޴ĵпצǰȵĸ
໣
צļ⽫ǿն˺ѹ޶ȡ
Ҫѿµצٴҡͷβһֵ̩ʧˡ
ۣ
̩һ෭˶ԷҲȵľ޴צ
ʱɲӵȥΪ˵ġءʱӵȥҲǳڱצβɨķΧڣõѡ
̩ǣȫ෴ķһ
෴ķҲڲ࣬צ·ǱצֻõצԱߣֻצ֧ŵΨһԴҲĴĲλ˼ƶ
̩֮ǰ֪£ȫڶμ˿ֲ֮ŵżȻֵġ
Ǻɵģž޴ҧһʱ̩îһȣĴ󵶺ݺ֧ϣϥѷڲ࣬ȻУֻٴˤڵء
̩һյ˳ڵرצԶ漴߾µ
׼Ŀ굱ȻǴʱѾֹıצβ͡
Ȱ
̩þȫնԸȻ似Ѿ壬ֱֻӺͱĹЧĹֶΡ
䡪
̩ȼŻһ׼ȷ˱צβ͸صƬס˾󲿷ֵȡ

µն̩֮ıķǰһƫƣ˫Ϊһվֱ塣
ͬʱһ֮ĵתϣ˫͵һ̧ʹһն
·𽫺صȫ׳һնٴλ˱צβ͡һεķãȴ֮ǰˮ˵λãѪ֮Уԭ˿ٴһն˾޵βǷֹͣ
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ಣзն䡣
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ڴ󺰵ͬʱµնצβ͡
䣬һػ
УҪӰ
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ԭеʹޣͻȻʼתԴת˹
˻
ʹ˻ıצ͵Ťתӣٵն̩ҧ˹
ϴϰˣ
ڱצǰ˽ŵغ
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057 
̩ͽˮڼ䲻ݷʱ̶㿪˱צ˺ҧֵܲɵһ
Ҷӽɽ֣ˡһȼ˰ɫĻ档
֣Ҷŭ
űצתͷ̩Ŀյ绨ٴǰȫеĹǹϣɫʵһ̣ǹǹͷΧһɫУ͵ͱޱ¶λľ࡭
䣡
צһٴι˵ϣͷٿȻת˻һΣıѾʼӿѪЩˡ
תͷ˲䣬ɢʯֽŵһ˹
޴İֱӷɵ˰У͵˱צǰ
ݡ
һǸ˺Ƭȼ˰еĲ壬һ£ͻȻͷųԤиҫ۵ĹâɲǼ佫Χľ±һƬ԰ס
ۣ
ȵĹ˵ҰҲɫǣоһ˲ʲôˡ
׼Ȼǰİ׹⣬ʱ۾
һڶɢʯ׼ģȫΪ˹ؼʱ̵ȼϹצ۾ϴĳõҩۣԭЧֹѪͷֹȾģȼȼʱᷢҵĹطһᾧɢʯϸϸĥϸۣ߻϶ּġⵯ
˸豩צɱﵡ
̩Ϊڱצ󣬲ûбǿֱ䣬ܿͻָ
ȻһûĿ꣬ûлϹצ۾˵һ˲䣬ֵ߻ǻ޷״̬žͻܵ޵ĹԭǰԵĵߣΪ˽˱ĩ·ס
ˣ̩֮ǰʮԥһܷЧͬʱԼܷץסһ֮׵ʱأ
໡
һĹȻ죬̩ͷϷצȥͬʱʹɢʯʮñצʧ״̬
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ʱ׼͵©˵Ҷצ˦ĴԴֱײɡ
Ҷֳ֡ħֱӱͷֶˡ
ʧıצ˷ײɹȥҶǴ⣬⣬⻹ʧ״̬·ģõĲӾпĴֱҧҶ
ϴβͣԴһ߳һߺ
֪
ֱӻбצʱٴʧȥֽìͷ׼ǸάƽĴβϡ
̩첽ܹצβ͵λϣȻӳµԥطն

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̩زͣµ
ǰֻǿڲͣܵעԼȫնȴȻܹ̹Ȼܵļһ̩ᵽһְźĸж
ͻȻеΧʱͻȻԼĶצĶȫ
ظܵԼĺÿһÿһбŷݵֱϣݵ洦Ȼ󱬷һڱצβϡ
еµһԼγѪڵϵأ·ʲôѵӵ𣬽žžȫΪԼסǿĹбˡ
һɲȻ׳ӵɣȻըǿһֱܴͨľͬھǰ̮ĺӵһȻ
ĽУ̩ȻΪֵܵȫͨζصˡ
ӴҪԵйڣʱҪȻһнڱҵͳȥɳԺģȲǡȼľҲǡ쵶ʱ̩Ժ֣︡ǶʱĵĶظʮʮĶȻԼ˼ΪĵȻеĸоʱҲһ
̩ɣһ̤Уеµٹͷԭִŵв˫֣ε߬ס˵ĩ˵ĵ灣Ȼͬһն˳ȥ
ȫһɲǼеµ֮УһĨ̩ŵĵطϴݣÿһ綼·𼤻µһ㣬Ȼʱ̩ŵѾµˣһХµ
һ
һտĵâٿȻγɣɫâնצβͣնһȣâͣЪطɳȥʮףչһһ·赲ȫ飬һʮ׸ߡСɽһʯ롭
̩統Уһл˻˼ؿǰһУ˿Լֿ˿ٴλعƽӹ󵶣Լʹޱצһ֮ɫֵܣ૵˵ǡʲô
ǰһڣֱֱ̩ˤ˵ϣ˹ȥ
磡
ֵܾؿǰһУ̩ĶͻȻù죬˷·ˮжһ㣬նĶûֳʮУеµͬ汻ɫһ㣬εһͷųĹȻ˵Ҷ˾ͽǼصһ
һŵǿҵζ
˵ǡζʵһָо
̩ھȻˡҶе˼ȵ𺳡Ȼÿ˴̥ڶĴڣһ޷ģЩǱ治ã϶ڳ֮ǰʧǻڣҲֻмŻᱻ
ʱһ¾Բ̩ס
߸磬춯֣
˼ҶˮһȾѣǰֻβͺһȵޣԼ̩ŭߵĴ죬ȻҪ
ҶХ߾ڵϣֱӱǡħ֣ڿճűצȥ
оΣıצ̧ͷҪҶȴ绨ǰùǹ乳סͣ޵Ĵͷ͵س˵ϣ
һ˲䣬Ҷӿн䣬еġħ޼ӲԴУŷֱӽըһŽ


058 Դ
ֻצΪǿһֻˡ
ֳһƬǽ壬׵ķΧΪƽأĽѪõǡ
Ҷֵܼڱצʬ岻ԶľѪѾռϣõصһާֲĤ˾޴ĿڴѾװһ˶ߵѪ
ֻΪֵǮĲҲȡһöȭͷСɫ͸ľʯԴ޵Ļ
޾Դ̺ľΪ
ʱΧڵϣһ߻ָһ߿Ŷɢʯ̩塣
ҶҲԱߣ̩ͻȻɳ˵ԭ
ûˣΪضĻʣ˯һûˡ˵Ƕɢʯȷ̩ʵԭ̩֮ŲԪͼӿָĵҩ
ҶʱҲջ̽Ӿ֣̾һ˵羹ȻʱͨأǲôΣյȻսʱ͸Ҳ߻ħ
Ǵû˰ɣ̽ͷ̽Եʵ
Ľһ˯һûˡҶصϣ˵ڴһѾͨأʱѡˡǴͨزıӦòγ͵Ĺưղŵ׷ʲô
Ҳɻ󲻽⣬㶼ȻؿһһСɽ
Ҳ֮⣬ҲءԱһֱǱµԴͻȻ˵˶ɻؿʱеµȻһ£һûпеϹŶղⱦı仯Ҳˡ˵ĵҲӦǡȼľγɵġϵһ˲䣬ԲǻϵǾͲô
Ҷһ֣µֱӴԴ޵ĻɵԼУֵҲΧϸ֮ǰų̹â˿ȴٴγŵı
عӵĴ󵶣ĸƣȴһ㲻ûΣֻ˱Ϣ
ԴӵƷµ缸ûкúÿһֱ̩Ƶؽ⵶Ĳ֮ģûоγŻһϸо濴
ǵϵĸʹõĽȻδƴڣʵһֺܺصɫҶԼƷӽػûκκۼ
ֽ·ǵ·ϵĽһᴩʼգϱĹ졣
ӦòֹǻŹô򵥰ɣҶʵ
ȻǣԴ߹˵ϱߵĶҲǽ
ʲô
һΪ죬ǵͷϸоš
Դ޴ӻͳȭͷСľʯˡ
ⶫ
޾Դ˼ͬʱ󾪳
Դ޶ģǴ׽ͱצڳľԴⶫֻ̺޵ľ۷ĸľԼ֮ʱԭûԵҲеԣϲ¥ͬʱҲǲıҪֶΡ
Ҷæٴεͷ鿴ЩΪһϸߣʵ󣬾Ȼӵн޾ԴȫڻںһһֱΪⶫֻ۷ֵıƷõֻеľûһľԴ;
һԵĶɢʯҲǿűצıһ͸޾Դϸͬʱ˵޾ԴķʧˡҼǵ꿴һ±ϼ¼ⶫֻܹԴе޾ܹֵΪľԴԻͿסԭΪЩֻǴ˵Ͳ²⣬û뵽쾹Ȼҿʵ
ô˵ͻصʱڵˣԻµôҶЩŵʵ
Ӧô¡
ٴνĿⶢصĴϡ
ľԴϸߵʽ˴󵶣Ӧòһִ۵ƣǿͼã򼴱ϴҲһУԴٴνԼ뷨˵˳˲ɵõͷ顣
ԶǱһľʯһ쾳ڵĸֲܹģҶһӦе۷֡ꪡǮ塢ˡ
ʵ̩Ȼûʵֻڵ˱ȻԲĺ㱻һ˸ɾص͸֧̩ҲΪˡ
˵ƣǵĲ϶ܳƵأԴﲻݵļ˵
ɣ绨Ŵ˵Ѳϴѵɣܱȵҵġħ
ȻȲϣԴЦ˵ʦ˵¼϶ǳǧ֮ǰʱľԴںΪ߳νľƷڷ룬ֻں˾Դ֮ܳΪΪ߳ı˵ѾӵԣӰ˵ıܳƵĳÿÿżǿף˵鷢Ϊ졭
ҶЩͷʹ뵽ⶼʲôΰô˹뵽桷أ̫Υ˰ɡ
ǰǰͼɡ绨дΪмҡͷ˵ûĹ
ȻˣԴһŵ˵ڤҵѪ󤽣йĵ󰡣ʱڤҵĴӱڤľ˶Դ󷢣ڱɱٶ֣󱻱ڤүһƻеġ¡־ﶼмصģû¶鰡
ҲϴԸ⿴
аƻģ
ôָоǡơأѪ󤽣ɻ뽣Ҳȫ
һ߰ĳȥҶЩɵĸµǧǰӦý˰ɡȻδûǿԼġ翽ΪȻпܽĳЩնϡ
˱Ĳ֮Ⲣ޳֮ΪṩȴǲʵǰѵԽǿӣϧֻȻҶ˿Խսֵֶˡ
ֻʱҶµֹϤС
ҪѰϤĶ֮ʱȴ벻ҶЩꡣ
еǡþ޽ˮ䲻һ仰˶͡
˾Ŀ⣬ˮЩʼ˵ֻһᡣ֮䶼ǲģһǿ޵ľ磬һǿ޵ľԴֶṩ屾еԣҲôһ˵ġ
ϰˣţҶ͵س˹סˮԴϾһڡ
ٴҵԴڻҶпơķֿ˵Ǿлʱı취ԿڽϵʵӰõʵķԾ


059 ðչ
ܵһδ֪ԼǰҶ˷´½һ˷顣
ҶﱦƵоµҲԱ߲ͣǧǰʢѧʱ䲻ֹ֪ȥʮʱ̩ӳ˯֮ɱһֻצҲ͵ʵʩĽ׶Ρ
һսҪԤеࡣ
Ϊû˹צṩʳʵֻצѾûнʳˣڱצȻ˵ôòܽʳһ̶ȡ
ԭҲˣҶ˹ʱ޷ȫ˻ͷĶǼʹ࣬ʵҶ˾ǲĻ֧Ҳ˼ˣʲôٻָĵر˵Щ޶ϲĳЩĵرģȻֻɱ¾ΪȤıצûá
һʱͽս
û˴ţҶֵܼΪϸؽֵǮĲλȫĳЩҩ٣ɢʯɡĥۣװ˼
÷ýʵԴ߶೤Ľ͵һӣ׵һʯͷﱾȷʵһĻ۶ûв
ԴõǱצָס
ֻצΪӲĲ־ڶʯֵָˡָ׼ȴܴ׳Ҷ˷ռҲѡצĽֺȫûôġ
׽ĶһЩ޵ȻƷϣǱצצӸΪһЩġ
צָȻ˵㣬ֻ߶һ㣬ҵɽϰ֣ԴѾƷġ
Ҫģ֮٣˵õܹչĲϡ
ֻצצϵľ类ɢʯȡܷⱣãЩӴ磬Խչľκãиࡣ
Ⱪצצϵľ缫ΪǿͣҸܣɢʯ˵Ȼ˵צЩ̧ʵһֱޣ⸽ܾǱצĲȻָץ̶ȡ
ɢʯһЦ˵Щ磬κãκñСӵ˫֣ǿǵצϵĹһ¥
ҶҲͷ˵˵òµõġͼøԭǿϵ渴ԭ˼ԭʼþĹͼһǿƣҪľ޵ĺľ硣ͷоˣƳһԡ
ҶԺһֵѡǹСӣ޹ʵѡ
ʰöǼ̻ת̩˷ܵش
á
š

ҶСĽһ·תԳ԰ﲢûʲô鷢
һð˳ջνǼġ
Ʊ缸һһΪ֮⣬Ĳ֣ͶʣҶͽˮȥ
ǮȻṩɺʹˣɽؽҪʵһ£ǷֵҶеĻƽӲ֮ͨޣʾ޿㹻ɽϿʼǶ³ͨǿƼˡ
ģϱޱȵׯʥɫĴʯׯΡ¥Ҳ˳ǿĲɹƣĲ¥Ŀռ䡭ΪؼģӹÿԵ
ɱϵ¿ɡɽˡһƬĵأʲôҪġ
Ҷ˹Ӷ˴ӵĳսƷع飬ֵܼĶɤϣ˴٣һ·ƽĺܣȵ˴ˣҲûʲô⣬һ·˳˳ػص˴ˡ
յ˵Ҷͨ˵תõ÷ѩһš
÷ѩضɽ֮󣬱һֱ磬׾ү˾ͽ壬˵׾үΪȻӵĮû˵ָս߾ƽʱҲйذշǶҶûкøУʲôСС֮ģ÷ѩò֮ȷ϶Ҷĵһоǲר飡
׾үҪĹ۵֤ݾǡýרһѽϵߣŮܹרһô
ͬʱλҲָܽעеһˣߵѧļ¡仰÷ѩﴫҲܿ˾ͽҶһȡ
šʤС󡱵ˣΪͶȡ֮٣ΪôСĴȥõͻرעǵжѰҪߵĵ·аΪЩνˡѡ
˾ͽһƽڳҶôһʵʵߣҲҶԲ죬飬Բﵽ۷壬ԲѰҵļ£ѰҲεκ塣
Ҷʵף˾ͽ˵ĺܶԣ˼̫ӵˣȻƴעУҲǿ
ѡ߾ҲƣڣҲýĲԣܹٻ࣬ý֮һ죬ɵʵȫܹӦκεΣҲҪһȥԸôĵ֮ʱŽŻᵽʹսһ졣
Ȼ߾ĴڣҶڽ׷ԽԽ£Ҷһһģʽȥ򽣵ļޡ
ҶҪĥ£ȴϳԼĽ
ʥء֮УΪʺϵʱ
÷ѩУ˵Ҫصѹȥȥʲôû˵Ҷظо÷ѩľȻͶԼ޵ꡣ
Ϊѹ״ӣ÷ѩڵõѹֵ֧ǰԶܰκһˡ
һпѡ񣬵÷ѩڵľ£¶ľûʲôϡ档
Լʦţһ׵顣
Ҷûʣûἰ飬Ϊ÷ѩֲпѡͬʱҲ÷ѩѡ񡭡
ѡ񣬲Ǹһô죿
УҶѾ÷ѩѡԼһ𡭡
Ҷļ٣Ҫ÷ѩһͬпѡ񣬵÷ѩȴʮּطҶпľԲ̤ѹ벽
Ҷţһ˵ѩ㲻˵Ҳ֪ǺʦŻҲǸƵʦӡ𡭡һ˻ȥôܰأ
Ըһж˳ɡ
Ҷֻ˰οԼ

ѹһɽŮӣͬʱʮ֮һĵطȴ˵ϵĹ㺮϶٣һһĺ䡭
÷ѩһϮ£վһͤĿԶԶѩɽ塣
ѹѩҲѩǧôããһƬʲôûС
ˣǵѩһı͵ĮǲûζıֻǿʿһĵĮ
һͤ棬ȴһƬ÷һƬ԰׵УǿԼ̺죬÷ѩһľǿ


060 ѩ
һڷѩɽĿ˻ȴҲڸǲסί
÷ѩں㷢ͷϽ˸򵥵ķ٣̶С鷢˿ɢһֶطεζ
һɵתڴš
תԵȫκ֪ǻĵľޣǽܵؼϣԵȥ
һֻɫķ˻ûλеɾһ㣬Χ÷ѩ·裬еñǾֹΪ֮ٴ١
Ҷɽٱ֮ǰ͸÷ѩܰϧҿҶ֪ģԭ÷ѩϵ÷Ҫ϶١
÷ѩϾ֮󣬴СԼİãɷİáֻϲãĸĸʵһ𣬱㱻˼ΪǶıƣȫûκεİҲ벻Ȼһ˼ĸĵط˶ʱɣȴǸĸһͻӡ
÷֮УһѩĿ֨촫÷ѩͣһУ߬ͷҲصʵˣ
ٿȻúܽţ׷ʵ÷ʦ㣬ңͬʱдڼʣʲôΪʦ㣬˵ᡣ
Ŷǰ
˲а̾һ
÷ѩת¶һ˿ʻʢšƿƵЦ⣬ʱİ˼˵þòˣʦá
˾ȻǵҶµС֮еĽųٻȵĸ׽ߣųžԼһ˵ľʦ̫ѹ˾ʦ̫Ϊʦרϰ䡣
һɢյСѾͷѾһͤͤĴˣųѾʮˡȻδȫţüĿ䣬Ų÷ѩݣֻ÷ѩһֺ÷ѩɫųȴųˡԼĽʡ
÷ѩ͵ص˵ͷ˵Ҷ㣬벻ѹеСʦãȻôһԨԴ
ʲô˭˵ҶҶӸô÷ʦʶҶӸ磿ôô
ȻǸ⣬ΨһԼǣҵˣųСͨ죬ǹһͻͻͻʸû꣬뵽ĲԾ֮󣬼÷ѩЦЦؿԼɫͨصͷĬֻǲͣشŪ½ǡ
÷ѩתȥȻ˵ǰҼɽںܺáͻȻ䣬÷ѩ˵ȥˣűŮ˽Լİ֮˵״ͻȻһ˿С
ֻǺˣ֪Ρ㻹ʮ꣬Ҳû컯ɽʲôдлҰ㽻
ѽллѩʦ㣬ллʦ㡭
÷ѩûлͷԶʵƶ䡣
ųõҶʺʱ˷ܼ࣬ɽٿҲòôѰˣ֪ʦѾ˵˻ȻҪʣ֪ѡ뿪
֮ͻȻһʦŶλʦľ飬ɵó԰ο÷ʦ㣬ʦϾʦһģֻͷϡ÷ʦһҪŶ
һ䣬ųЦܿˡ
ٺ٣֪÷ʦϲ˭Ŷ
÷ѩ¶Цδش
Դصʦţʦ˵Լľ֮ʦȻǲȻŭֱ桢޴ǱƭֿĵȰ⣬ʦͽ֮飬ʦ֮壬̸۵ѧ׷̧÷ҵѪ𡭡
һжܶҡ÷ѩľģҪǸһ
ԴɽʦŽµʱľѾ¶ˣ˭Ҳܸġ
÷ѩľѹѹĵӣ÷ѩڱʦš
ʮԴͶ룬Ŵ÷ѩĵӳ벻еͶʵͷһգɶܽܵʵ
̬ȼ÷ѩʦֻں÷ϣϸǿǵľͬʱ֮ͣ顢֮Ȱ÷ѩ÷ѩĴѹĸ߲㻹ܵĽţһȰʧЧҪӦĴʩ÷ѩ
ʲôĴ޹ؽҪҪģҪһ
÷ѩе߬øˡ

ٹ죬ǾҪȵݳǣӦǸʹȻӺϴֱʥءȻһɵҶг̼򵥵Ľһ顣
ҶصɽѾаµʱˣӻصᣬٵȻеĹΧʥ֮չġ
ʦӭգһȻʦĺûѣʮ춼ûӰ֪оʲô⡣
ͻȻսʦɶ뼫ȵ˷֮УΪ˵ľȻԼĸɶӹ
Ҳ֪μǸʲôĹΣĸɶӣʦҲǲ֪ôĹϵһһڡĽţջֵˣʵǹ졣Ҷ⼸춼æű飬Ҳûʱϸ
ŶԭνʥںⰡĪĳ֪СҶʵ
пܣҲ˵Ϊ֮ǰмεļ¼һ·߽ããںʹɳĮŵģ˵ʥءǲǸСأȻǳЦ˵
Ҷʼ硣
ǸӺֵأ
ǵùȥĵԼµõĴȥˣ
ӾɽõıУкüƳɵĴӣ绨еɽŪˣһ˰æһȡ
ոϹǰһµȣһֱӴﵽʮ绨֣⼸һֱ̩һ㣬Ŵ
ǵĶ׼ô
İɣǼ̣Ҳû⡣
ǺãȻͻȻЦ˵Ǿͼ̰ɣ
ʲô
ҶʱĿɿڴ
ȻЦһԼľϸеʮֵ⡣

ɽȻһƬæµĴ󹤵سչû취ҶˣиΪ׵ҶչƣԼͼϡþ޽оȻе㲻ĶɢʯҪ˷ĵĶࡣ
ҶĲƸ³ͨϲֱҪҶҪרνġ⽣ͤ͡󡱡
ҶС˵Ӱһˣ䵱ɽ⽣صĴڣһֱ൱ţƵ顣ʲôˣʲôͣʲô֣ɽùԹ԰ѱʾءѾֻţƵĹΣĵزˡ
ǣǿߵǡ
ҶȤҲԸڽϸǡ
ȵýӦĵطǡ
һжռƻš
̩գ
չβ
ɢʯæ
˸ѧϰѧϰýĽ
Ҷ绨ҲѾ·ǰˣ


061 פϪ
ݣ˳ֱ£ˡ
㲻£⽭ˮʣһڿеζ
ƹṩ۴Ҳʡ˲ٵ鷳£ھ԰Χ֮ʱûһѡҦʢɳӺ͸溽ҶСᱻ˰ìͷǵԼϡ
Ҷڴϣˣ屾ĵȫӰ첻Ҷƽ⡣
⽭ϵķ羰ȻѣĺʱڣƽҰˮɽࡣ
绨ڼװϣԼµĴȸҶһɹ̫
֪СƵôˣ绨ĦԼĴȣϡеĸп
˴ȣϳ˺֮⣬ʦ괫ȷУʦŴ֮ϵǳ֮ĴȹǲʱԳƵǰƷϵȱˡ
벻绨Ϊ˴ȴһɵˣֻʴ̳ԭĻƣܿһʵǸظˡͻȻпػСӥչ𣬵Ҷһ㶼֡
Ҷ«ϸϸƷһڣЦİɣµһҶ֣ʲôѹعˣҲüˣܵǻʱչצѵˡ
绨ЦֽӹҶݹľƺ«һڣ㽫«ľˮ˶Цҵĵǽʯɵģ
ȣϽȻŴ嶼¥ƹصĵؽŪ̳ӣ˵Ҳ֪ʡŵȣ
绨ڡһ˵ȾƾҪˬƵʲôӡ˵꽫ƺ«ֶ˻
ҶЦ𣬸ۼʲôĻǶţ٣ԣôõľҲţĵ˷Ѱ˷ѣ
ҶƷš㡱˵Ŷʦ˵ϵƣݵϪоôһΪϪϵȺþƣԲ⡮㡯֪ܲйϵƹٸŪ̳ӡ
һЦӴд˳ȻԴϷʵ˵һɵҶƹɲʹľƹõģԺǳƵ£ᣡ
ƿһƳĽȻ߳⣬ЦӯӯؿҶ˵ϴθ㿪ôһͷȻΪϲýǷǼһ顣
ҶЦϰ˻ǲȻթһ㣬ȷʵһƹְСæҲ˱پϺˡңϣȫµľѶ˶ģ
ȻᵽͲһ֪ƹ汣¥е˶Ȩô㲻֪ж˵¥һžƷƹϲ뽭ԹΪ㣬ȥһðʦ
ҶɵʧЦ
ԭ·嶼ʱҶʹŪƺȣû뵽һôĺϰ壬һڲƽȨ󣬷ҪĲҵüʱҶʷľͽΪܹõͷõľƣŽȻϺƽ¶ˣºҶ̳ͷõġ㡱ȴƹλæýͷö
Щˮѣʲôֵ׷ģѵ˱ΪѰ֮ɲôһӱʵķ˻ʱ̱ѵĺáȻʲôҫġ
㲻㲻ƺɼԣ
ӷɴˣҼǵʦ˵ƿԣ绨һԲ
ǵҵĲͬˣһᳫƣһžƣһ˵֮飬ᳫһ˵֮ͻԼ飬ƽ飬Զž
ҶһЦ˵㻹Ⱦƣ
绨ЦԣԣӡܷɷҴδ
Ȼ֮󣬲ɵȻһЦ˵绨ʦ˵úáԳɷ벻ʦ֮ˡ
Ҷͷ˵Ҿ˵ٺѹͲӦɮţӦ㿴Ƿңǧķ涼һģһģʽģĦôɷģҲôУƣͷҶֲЩķү˭˭ˡٿҵɣǧǧTMDѼ칷ĶܳɣǸԣҶãԼ
Ȼüͷ壬ҶⷬɲƷӵ;Ща˵֮ӣ˵ĸͽǺõֱԼѧļһ˵ʲôѧѧǰ״ǸӺļһ쿼ǽ£ܰѽ˵ĻһɶûҪΪǷʲôࡣ
һվĿĵҶʵ
ȻЩЦؿҶ˵ȥϪ
ۡ
Ҷľ˳ȥ𾪵Ŀ˿Ȼֿ˿Լľƺ˵ԹԣгΪҰŵôҪϪԽԽá
Ȼ봬գȻƮ˵ҪȥϪһˣȰʹڴϣǧȥ£
ҶŶһ˿ԼտҲľƺ«аŹϡ

һ·дٽĺɫ֮ʱȻϪǡ
жҶ֮󣬽Ȼ봬ϰˡȻҲ֪ǼʲôˣһλǺộȻרŵСӭһӵӣԶΪģ
ϰ֮ǰɱ˵¶Щίôõ֣ȴ˼ҵηɸǳг˵
ƺΪ˲ĿͣͷõģϪǵͷһƬ徰£ȻҲæµȴͷַĸо
ŽȻȥҶڴװй䡣绨Уһţȷս㷹֮һҪ˯һźõġ
Ƕæê·£ҶվڴͷĿ
ʱϦɽѻʼ岨ϣӳպϼˮϷǧƬʣ˳ȥֱߣñ޾
Ϧ£ɫܷ֮Уѵҷʱˡ
绨һپʳһ˯ֻ峿ˣҶ£绨һ䣬ñ佣ŵħ«ϵ䣬ʩʩȻ´ˡ
δڣϰȥɢɢ徰£Ȼȥ˳һǡϪľƼңѡϺõľˮϼ̳ӡ
˸񣬱֪ǰطн̲Ϫǣ򶫷ʮ·̣ͷ
Ϫһ򣬴¿ͻֻڴͣʱ̫ƽʱڣᣬóƵķɣգΪ
ֻ뷱н֣һβ·̣ȻȽ徲Ҫȥи߼ƹݵĽֵʮ;̣ܵ
Ҷʱ⣬ϰԺҲæ·һ·յ⡣·񣬶ЦʲҶЦãҡ־ܾ
պû̲ŪᦣдҶ֮ģСǮҲȤ
Ҷѵɴģһʱϵķ飬һ·ֻ滧ÿҶǰװΪţᣬԲ˵أݺˮСϪɽȪݶˮᡭ
ʱĴ˼ңеķϴʰޣеķų졣ǼúóԷĺӣһˮݷЩ߲ˣʯߣһѣһ˵һ߳ԷҪͶ˭Եÿ죬Ц飬ȻһƬ档
ȴ쾮УСʣﶼʢһð׷ΧŰһߡеǰһѾƺһƱһѻ֮࣬ԳԺȣżҳ
Ůȫͺͣ˵ЦûаݣȻһֻ
Ҷɵð⣺ϾǽظֺڵľݾҪʧ˿ˡ
ɽţ̹ʹսߵǰͷԭ˵ҪṩԮĳ֪͢ʲôԭٳûж
ͨлưĸףݴʷлԪԵϢ͢ʧ˿ּ⣬ڳϱܵΪֱӵԭ򣬾һ͢ʧ˿ֻ̹Ľս̹ĴެнڿսڵĻʸûս׼Ҫ׼Ҫٵꡣ
꣬ʱħһҶԴϣյĽһԽԽҲԽԽˡ
ʱ䣬ԭݲҶݡ
ҶɣΪӵиõľȥӭӲ֮Ĳ졣
εġʥء֮УҶĥĻᣬȻѡɽҲǿɽģľ䣬ûӦεĥ֮ãʱԳɵʵսĥɱ˼ɣ˲ľ䵱Ӧ硣
뵽ЩҪǵ£ҶٿȻһһ٣ԹƬ֮Ҷ̾һӿ˲нֵĽŲ
ʱõļѹҵطһˡ

ҶѰмʱɫѾѯһ·ˣҵһϪľƼҡ
⡰Ϫ㡱һרƵׯƵģȻأϪصЩֺžƹݣڵġϪ
Ҷٽֿѡ˸λ£ЩȣҪǵþ
⡰ϪȻϵȺþƣ磬壬ᣬ񻯿У󣬼Ϊ˳̻֮Ϊһߣʳ½θС
ĳһŨľ
һ̾Ҫڣȴ봰⴫һ̾
þưǺþơ
⵹Ҷ͸ոնϲ˵ĵСһ
ǵСһһҲҶ𻰣æ¥˾Ƶϰ塣
ǸϰһҶҾǸƵǾ˿ˣԵüΪò
ҶҡҡҪ˵⣬봰ĽȻ˼ףֱǾþƣþƣ
֮󣬱͵ĵϰ̱ÿЦãոյò粻֪Ʈδڣ߾ȻͷǰңҵĿˣɳﲻ´ٸƳԡ
Ҷһ㶣Ҳ˳Ŵ̨ȥ½һʯϣ̹¶غһؤԼʮ꣬ͷĺӣΰСݣݲ¶ǣӡ̵˫ۣݵؤƫƫһЦезۣüĿģ·ǳëշСȴһ˫·շۣʵøУ衣
ֻǵϰȵ߿ߣĪҪپˡ
Ҷʵθ˼ߣλ˼Ȼƣȴڵ⣬ϰǹܲ˰ɡ
ϰЦһδ𻰣㿴¥µؤһվָŵϰȵ㿴㿴λСֵ˵ֲܵأҲܲʺƨ
ףȴ˼ǵҶɵЦ˳
ϰŭǺ˵˵СٲƳԡ
ؤһȻ첻˵ˡ
ϰתӶЦ˵͹ǧͷƭɲǵһεϡ
ҶȤԼһ˺ȾҲģЩȤҲǲ׷ʵ⡭֪ǺԵʰ


062 ʥ
Ҷѯʣǵϰ岻ɵó̾һ渵
Ҳ͹һֻһͣ˳Щʳɲ볢ҵСϪ֮󣬱ƳɿŲߣǰǰȵҼҽѲصİ̳ʮꡮϪϵ̲һɶȰңֻǲȵûǮ֮ʱλҲˣȥѻеֵǮ⵱˸⣬ȾơȻоⲻȥȰ費ã⿪Ҳ˵ֻû뵽λٴνɾ֮󣬻ǲߡ͹Ҳ֪СӪģ˿ҼҼҲиˣּ˻̲̳ӾƣЩ̲ң˭뵽ǺˣƫЩ̲ơ˵̲ˣҲؼңӵ߶ҵĿˣԾƣ˭ƷӣֻĳʱʱĸЩоơⲻúõһ˱⸶ģƫƫÿ˸߲ҵľƿͣżôһѣ㵸˷ܲѡ
ŵҵĸҶѴЦѣƫƫ¥λ·˵Ĳһ㣬ҧָףضҶıоơ
벻С򣬾ȻһλгѣԵ֡ҶȻһЦСͷ˼ҼȻ˰ƣҹһˣоް飬Ҳį˼һΣ
䣬ǰӰһλȻ˴̨֮ϣ˳ضƨɵȥһȵòͷϺӡ
Ҷһ벻ҾƳվȻǸز¶ĸ֣ϵĵϰŵѽһš
Сͷż굽ӵµĵϰ巭һİۣҶĵ˵ϻ̭ҡѽǸʮĿٻȾƣǮȴ롣ԸҳԾƣָ£ᣬûķǺǣλӣո˵Ҫ˼ҺȾƣʵ
ҶȤشһλز¶ĸˣո˲㵽ǰṦԼ֮ܣȻϾǧ顾ʶܶĦڭǾǿ۾ҶԴ˼ΪԸû뵽˴ξȻҲ©ۣۼһСɰͷһ˿һĸϢλСͷѧΪ߳Լ࣬ӹɵˣ嵽˺̶ֳȣȴȫ޷룬ָоĸ϶ҲѾǹǿԭһĳϢֶλǹ
ҶҵҲδʹ˱׸ƣȻȻһζ˵׾ˣ벻ǰȻǸز¶ĸ֡
ƨزأֻղǲҪҺȾơСͷץ͵ӡ
ˡ
ãã
СͷӲֻһƾƮƮ䵽֮ϣһëҲúţֱӲӣαϣһУϵľƺɵСͷУһʹ졣
ȡ
Ǻǣ벻Լ֮⣬һֶεĸˡ
Ҷ˷ɽеΪ˷ܡ
Ҷδǰ
ƨһپֻ֮ȾƳ⣬Ī̸
Сͷһ߼žƲˣһν˵оһٿȻһԭνȤҶʵ˵ҶǸ˰֮ɽҶĿϷʵһ

Ŷԭ㰡ҶСͷͻȻöԼȤӣ´ҶһۣƷͷ˵Сͷͦ˵ļһﶼϡţһٺ٣Ȼаɡ֮ҼСҪǿˡ
СͷȻҶһûиеܵõһ䡰аɡҲ㶪ˡ
Сͷ˵ԼҵСһˣֻʱҶСͷ˺͵Уôʶĸо
ͷ˼ģҲ飬±굽ӵµĵϰ˵ϰɣĪҪģλλǰˣǰĸϿȥ̳ӡϪаţҪ졪
ãã͹٣ϣϡϰӵһ˳ñҲҪˣֱӴ¥ȥ
ϰ岻ҵ飬вɵðԺ£Ҳ֪ԼΪǷλˣһŭԼһС¶ýඡ
СͷֻǺ֮ƣȴˣҶֱ˺һȵ˹ȥ
о⣬ǰ롪
һ˹ȥ˶ļȣֻһһΡһɸɾһ˿ļȹǱ㱻ӵϡ
ֵһھƣԵøˡ
ҶɵۣҿĳԷô绨һУССͣôֱôһϣѵ͸һؽԶѾʣ
ҶŴȤҲѧ˺һȣһУκμȹ͹СǲףҶÿס⣬ץżȣһΣѬĹãȻһα룬ֻϧҶϲ˺Щ˿ʹǣҶ˿Ϊмţ̫࣬ôҲԾ׽żãǿ£һŲҭţտյشظõļں£Ҷ˸ࡣ
СͷܲסЦҶܣоƺ˹ȥҶȵֱ̫Ǻɣ
СͷЦҶʵܣһһ˳Ҷںļ;ˮͺһ£θ
һҶЦСͷ˹֣˵л֮ȿȣȥ㱻ҭ
ЦˮСͷ۵һЦ˳
ܵˡƹˤҶں£ʲôֲǵһΡ
Сͷһ߲۽Цᣬһ˵֪СҲֲȴ㱻һҭҪˣ⽭Ҳһˡһҭĸ֣ƹǰѧҪ֪ˣһô棬ƹġʹԼҭ۹
Է֪Լı᲻ǳԼأ
ҶٿȻһһɣҲӦãƹʹݶǾĵ͵ΨԼ˲¶ˣƹͷ΢ȫһЩ΢ڽе㱾µˣӦö֪ԼʹݡֻǰСͷأȻƹǰ֮ʱһϷʵ٩ӦöƹǼΪϤˡڽϾԲǼ֮
Ҷϲ첻ףƺһƣϸϸƷţлǰ̧٣һҭʹ٣ҲģͷͷҲ

СͷЦСӻ˼ģν֣һţƺģûֽȴݲñ˿ͷֺСӣῪЦܿԼЦЦ㣬Ҳա̹ټýټý
Ҷٺһ֣Ż˵СټǰҲټ
Сͷһ㶣ȤʵһƶҪ˵ˣʲôټģ
ҶȻЦȡЦǰľ塣ټĲǰ书ǰΪˡ
Сͷ˿ɻʵ书ղſˣô㻹˽ҵΪˣ
ûǰָ֣Ϻ˰Ƹټ͸̾ǣǰ֣˴ľԣȴ˸񣬼ȲǿȡᣬҲȡɼǰǸ߷ڵ֮ˡ
Сͷ΢һ񣬽ſЦ
˼Ǹߡ߷ڵġ߷ڡġţʲʲôˣ
ô˵Ĳԣ
СͷһЦһ߲ᣬԶԶԣʲôԣһԡ
ʲô
˼ʲôëûУͺһ
ʲôҶ׷ʵ
˵ġȡۡ
ԭǰǿˡ
ȥ͵͵˼Ҷ͵㻹ŪʲôˡСͷȡЦҶһ˳ѧһҶĿͷ
Сͷһż⹴ӣ˰ֱ̾Ϣ˵ͷⱲֶһǱһʳˡѵüУܵü⼸м˵Ⱥþƣ˺þ֮ʱܼľˡѵãѵá
ҶһߵȻæף˵ѵãȻڴˡʥ޼ǰἰ˼ңһң
ҶϸϢǶԷԴ޼һ޵˺͵УἰϲúǾṦҶȷ϶Էǡʮʮһλġʥ޼
޼ЦȻãúã˼һϼʲôʱܲ³أû뵽СȻ˵㣬˵Խ֮󣬻ܲµóҿСӲǲǱȽˡ
ҶҲЩ˼Ц
ȷҶԸȷôһǸԼֵһʱǱţöһԽʱʱľһմǵ͵լ֢Ⱥ
˼ҽ˼꣬յԴţ˵ǽʶһֵܣְ˰ӣҵǺҪ֪һϣƫƫһҪӢ۵˼Ըʶ䣬˷ѲŻ޼һ˵ţһҶҶȴһΥ͸У벻ͨͷΪʲô˲Ըʶأֵۡ
޼߶˼Ҳǻ·ϪƹǸѾͷһȥǸϼһԵ˵Ⱥǣͽܴļһﵽʲôģû뵽ҽų̫죬˼죬̽СӱԲһͷӻҺȾƣ⵹ҶǸӷĲ١
ҶȻԭ⡰ʥ˭ͽܴİԼֵʵҪ绨Ǻ֪᲻ֱһȥҪıͷʱֿɾеĿˡ
޼ģֵĶԶԼǸͽܲôġ磬ħȸҪץסԴ޺չԴвԼӥʱ򣬰޼ͷɫһźȻ˵ħΪֿԺ޼ˣߺߣͷǰǣοǵͷӡô꣬ͷӾôһͽܣͷҶҪιȸһë
Ҷ˵ֵܼзħſܻһ޴ıһֱǰǣҲ׼ΣҵľǰУҲᱻ޴ķ粨ġ
޼ѯʵ۹⣬Ҷ˵Ķһ飬ǳ͢ڲǰ׵ħŵӦĲ²ȫ˵˳ð޼ü
Ҷ˵Ƭ̣޼źһ˵¶ǵĲ²⣬֤ݣҪŽ׵֣С̫У˵Ҫ˵̽ʵˡ޼һѰ˼һӣ˵ҲգϹͷҲûˣᣬҲڽ̽еϢˡ
Ҷһɵôϲµһ͵İæ鶼ࡣ


063 ĺ
ôһλ֡æ̽Ϣǵ׼ֶһݱ֤ͬʱʤʴ
޼ЦµʼͷͶԵү顭
ã
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ƱյȵĲֺҶѣ޼Ĳϣֱ̾ʶҶͽܣȻҲҪ˰ΪΪֵܣʱԴӹҶ塣
˲֪ѾȵٽҹҪˮ֮ʱֻǵϰһǸ˵ϵȡϪ˸ȹˣⶫӦƹͷ¾͵̳ӣ˸ˡ
һ΢һȵġϪ֮󣬶˶ǴΪȹ˺þƣ΢һľƣıȻζˡ
ֻ˾δˣʱֹ̫ͣɷ羰ˡ
Ű޼ܣҶȰǰĪһٺϼأﻹ̳Ӵ嶼¥ʮꡮ㡯Ϫзζ֪ǰΣ
޼˵ϰ壬㬵˵㡯ǲ̳Ҳǲһȵľˮȫ޷ʣĺͷʲôأٲ˵TMDӦ
ҶͷЦǲ֪˵ĺͷǽϵλǰҲӻá
޼λĺͷ죬ͻȻһ٣зŹضҶ
ҶܵظеƺҪʲôõҪ
޼һҶļЦСӣϵүȥط֤ȵĴΪ죬ġϪҪǿϰٱ
ģҶлؾ˼ǿϰٱ֮׵˾ˡ

ҶͰ޼Ṧ߾֮ݶͬҹӥһڿлһݶԾһݶ͵͵ģ߱ڵĸоʴֳ̼ȥԽζ
ǰȻҲԴôĵԻûʦһֺͷǿֹڹǳ⾭ϸϵСţҲѵ˳뻯ĵز޼תҪķѶֻǽεһ΢Ÿıķɵر任н
ӸߴԾµʱһֻһ㣬ͷ½ϣһĻߣ˾һҵľ֮ʱббɣ𣻶ĿȥʱҲֱֱĿٽֻӣŵġSǰſ˫ۣʱƣûԼĿ̬ͬһݵظı䷽
ҶһԸԼṦУû뵽λʥ֮󣬲ԼṦֶΣʵǷֲֺãʱ򵥵һС飬Լƫƫ󶯸ɸþȫ
ʼʱҶҲϰ޼ʹð޼ŭزסһҶӰ޼Ծ·ߺҵһݵṦɵŻԼṦԼٶһ࣬ͬʱĺ鶯ԣҲ˲ĳɡ
ҶһʹṦһ˲٣޼ҲͶ۹⡣
޼ʼǰҹǽͷʱʱʹҶ֪Է
Ҷ޼֮󣬺رһԾ߱ǽУ΢ɫ֪شš
⡰ʥһǽ֮󣬺ʧ
ҶԾһСʮಽǰһƾɵשǽںﾡ
ǽͷŷԭһ˵ķլ
һ̽ͷĹҶ㿴Ժİ޼֣Ҷæط˹ȥ֮ɻʵǰô˵ҪĵطôʲôƺȰ
ʥ޼ЦǺǵ˵˵ҶСӣȾƵ²żֻҿڹôṦôҰ֣ȥ˼ȥȾƣֻûط͵ñ˷֣ʱ˼Ҷøһˡ
Ҷ￩һ£ˣͷȻҪȥĵطǺġ
ڰ޼ҪָԼṦľٶҶ˷ܲѣæ˵ǰЦˣṦԼϹ׽ĶܶطǶǣǰָһм
ţеĲ˵ȸ¶һֿȻٸĥĥ
лǰ
Ҷһ֣һ˦ݵһһʮ׸ߣۼѾߴн׹ʱҶ˫żٿȻתۣߣһתһתһתṦݡٿת۵ص㾡չš
һƣӿȻ£һۣ̬ѣˡ
Ҷǵɪ޼ԱһƲ죬̬Ȳмʵôˣ
ˣ
ȻԷֵεǰҶҲһ֣ûаѡ貨΢չ¶Źʱ̾Ĺչ¶Լ
ֻԼ⡾ݡѾתĵزɵľתѾȽӽǿ޼ӣòƻǲмĺܣѵλʥṦʤȴԼôӦòᰡͽԴǳϢӦڼ治ᳬԼడ
޼治ԼˣֱӾѵǣҲṦһͦϸߣϷǲˣɶԵʱϴиƨãת۵ĹǲÿζײųΣɣʵǷշתŲزû˴ԼҲˡȫǿӲȫʡͽȫǱ˼㣬֪ʲôշתŲô
ҶܴӲͷƤش֪
֪ƨ޼ֱӾͿʼҾͿȥˣṦ֪Ȼ֪Ȼ
Ҷдɣеãһţ޼·𿴳ҶĲţһ˵ҶСӿඡ
޼һ˵꣬ڵմɴﵽҶղŴﵽĸ߶ȣȻͬٿתۣһתתתź«ưҶղĶظһ飬ֻ̬Ϊ⣬Ѱ޼ĶԳĻҶֻ
̰ҶĿɿڴΪԷδչ¶κθṦѧҲûԼľڹ֮ãɵصſе̬ҶҪľһС
ҶԼ
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ʹõĿ̰壬Ǿĺ켶ṦѧҲȲѰİ׼ϷɡṦ
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ȫƨҪǼ㻹ӣôϹ˼ҿġ
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޼Ҷо˸Ȼ뵽ĳЩҪɵðԵͷ̾ϢľԼжȻûа׷ϣаﵽ̫Ѹ٣ԼЩƮƮȻСʿ
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޼ڣֱȻҶ԰˼£ʱŴϡ
Ҷ̾Լĺˣʮϵл޼λ֡һ֣ЦҲʲô似ǶдУĲЩ̸֮ѡԼģؼôáҲлң˵꣬ǵ㲽ˣҲܽеĵ
Ҷֵ֪ľɲһܹõģڲȱѧҶ˵ӦЩѧľ̸̶֮ȿǱһЩ񹦾ҪõĶˡ
˵˵ЦЦ̸
޼Цߣǵľƾ֣˳СӵṦͨ˼һָ֮ûн
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ǸŰ޼һķᶼԽԽȻ˸˾۾ӵ
ͷڸķƺΪϤȻĴʲô˼ңĴаŵİ׮һ
ȵ޼Ҷͣʱ򣬶˷һݼϣֻԸһլţŽ𻷣ǳƣǽ̽ǽ⣬ĺɡ
ʯʨѹסˣ߹ҵĵ£϶ĽҶдšĺ֡
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ˣҶСӣҸ˵ơϪķˣҵӣһһʮ껹ͣ檵ϲߣͳҪľҲҪǼҾƽļƷϪȹ⡣
ҶпЦȻĺͷɲ檸ɣڰ޼齫ǵؽȫȹ飬Ǽ޳ɵġ
ǰ飬ҶЦʲôʱȥ
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ҶЩմʵǿṦɽȥô
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ʥԳɹǱĵطҶȻʵӵ˵Ǻηʥ
޼ЦŻص˰˵ͷСӼˣȻ֪ǸϺǰˣļȣǼٲС˵࡯ᰣҲӦ˵࡯ĺˣ
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ԭĺˣǵֲʸµϵλ֮Ϊ߽˱Һͥһ˽ܡࡱĺ


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ĺΪԻ͵ʱ˳˳ãѡܱˣ벻Ȼӵ˴˵ء
Ǿȥ͵ƺôҶͻȻ˸Ĵ̼С
ô˷ܰɡ޼ٺЦ
ǽȥô죿ܲҪӲɣ
ģ˼׼
޼һ֣ҶԶȥһլУ⴦լԺеļɽУƿһɽʯȻԳһصĵص
⣬ǣҶʱصԸڲãԭͷ׼
֮ǰںõĵصԭֻԼãû뵽αСˡǵãǸڳĵصеխҲͨСӵڹӦûɣ
Ҷһµĺľ룬ᶨص˵ͷԶԶ˵㣬û⡣
ٺ٣ԶаĺϹ֮ļǿǼլԺ޹أʵǵĿ֮£˶ĺҲǰܰǼᵱε㣬ǿɾͳ˴ˡ
ҶһȻ򣬸ĺ¼©лɳˣʵ˰취ŵͶ
ҶСӣߣ޼˵صһҶ˵ǵðʯͷϣ
ҶҲŰ޼˵صһקǿɽʯֱӾͰѶڵʵʵ
صһƬڣƣѹ
ҶһסŰ޼ٵǰС
ֱ˲صľ룬ҶϾͼˣصĿͨڸ˵άģֻͷèСطֱʱû£ʱһеܲˣʼԽǼٵĺϡȱȱ¶ˡ
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ҶԭЩԺԴһһ޼˵ĸòԴ޴ڸԼġǱϢɣ뵽ϢһˣǱϢתȫԭϢó˱ˮеʯͷһϢκϢ©
޼һ֮£ϲЦСӣԭͻͷӵĿұ졣ԴǸǲռ˲ֵģʲôŹ
ҶԼԴ޵Ĺһһк켶似򹷰к켶湦׽һʶ칦ʶܶĦڭǾûлǼϡٵĹÿһŶƾ񹦡
Ҷĸֻð޼кŹ⣬²ͣشҶ˵ҵظԹԣСϺ⻹ֲ࣬ǸһŵͽܾȻܸأͷӶĸúռ̫ˡ
λּ˵úϰͷӵšǱϢȥʥأҲõĺܣܹΣױ˷֡ͷһĹľŹ⡾ǱϢ֮أҲԴСΨһյѧϢӳ֮⣬ǶҲżĳɹʡͷӱ书Ҫߴﵽ쾳ܹ֮ΪڰԴǸĻֻΪĻ񹦻ѧϰֻ벻С˹ʺˣȻô̥һĹ򣬼ǵ쾳磬Ҳ㹻ˡ
ҶŻȻ򣬹ֲֵøͨŵӲʵԲԼ˶Ĵ⡰ʥʵˮƽߣǽ˴Ľڷ֪ԭѧϰĹǻǿƹҪڲ롰쾳֮ϰ
һ뽭иŸصĵӣҲӦˡ
Ϊ˴õӵĵӣΪĥµӵԺͼյĿģΪ˽˵׼
һ𵽺õģǲĵӡһ˵Ҫ𽭺쾳Ŀˡ
˿ʤڤڣ˵ڲܹ֮ѹǣԴһЩ˵ļżΪҪ촫УʵҪڵҪۺࡣҲԷо似Ҳܹ쾳ٴͨȫĹҲ쾳ľڹֿǴڵģҴڵĿԼ
޼Ĵ죬˰ʱĴڵ˵ط
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˵קҶ㱼һǱ˹ȥ

ҶͰ޼ĺǱеĿյĺĺȴԼĴĺܷӭһмΪҪĿˡ
ò׾棬ݸߵĺһװĺܷ紹ְһԣ·аſΣ͡
ҶܷƹĽȻȻȻУһ΢ЦضֵһѽΣѾǵڶλãȻǳȻɵĴµĺȻִ̬ȹ˳
ֵһλݵһģһλʮ꣬òʵ⺷ߣֻλò˵ߣȴǴһԱԼŪһֵģԵòײࡣ
˿ҲһʿֻǴʱЩ鲻̫ڣһڨڨЦ⣬ôƤµѿɫ
ʱλ⺷߳ĺһ֣Щɫѿ˵ôĺִⲻϴӦඣκԽҲһܣ˵ĺδЩ̫˰ɣ
λԳκԽһ˵ǣԽԽЩǿӲȵһ仰ʱѾԵĲˡ
ϵĺȴҲֻһε˵κ꣬ƾκֵĽ飬µȻԴӦȮѶףݶ˼ҵŮΪׯֹˣûʲôֵ޵ĵطͬʶϻƣôأ


065 ױ
κԽҲ֮ˣҲǱ߹ϵһӥչ۷Ī֮ǵġࡱҲϵ㽻顣Ҳôֱ㶵صĺˡ
ĺǺдʣֻʵ˵κ֣ʵ޷ӦκĪˡ˵ҵĵѾͷòڣòȫҲ÷ֺαִҼ϶أ
һԵĺܷҲǰһΪЦ˵ǰκ壬ҼҶܵѣΪ˶˼Ҷ΢ʣôȴǸͽӣͽǷأ
κԽԭɫɵһɣʧЦһ£εҡҡͷ̾˵ʵǼҵĶСҾûǲģû˵ôǷһ㡣ʲôĸбµүԲģ㿴
κԽĻһ٣ĺҲһ㶣ֻĺܷͻȻûס͡ЦһĺݺݵصһۣҲˡ
κԽæ˸˼ؽ͵ǺǣĺϹҲǹ˵İҿǼ˵Ӷ㣬ҲûʲôκֻҪҼѾͷãɼС檶ûϵؼҼѾͷִ̫֣ϴμҶС֮ʳ֪ζҹ£Ҳ֪ôôԣҶ챻Ʒˣڿ¾ϼӵϵأҪǻȥûϷֻѾͷܹϱߡ
ĺҲεص˵ͷ˵֪֪κǵҿǾͲҪˡͷҼ϶ȥѾͷһˣʲô˵ؼú벻ʲô£ЩģﶼܵĲС
˭˵ءκԽҲ̾ؽӿ˵
ʵʵ˵κԽԭͲ£αŮƵ̫ʣߵŮһҲûȰΨһһ绹ԼæǰæȻ谮ãûﵽĵĵزһôȰҲȰãŪϵѰôһѾ߷ֵļʱûʲô£ƲѣκԽף±ܾ̫ѿ˲Լѣһ֪ʿһͬǰףҲԵ֣أĽǲԼϣȻĺңϵؾܾԼ顣
治֪˻ȥǸѾͷôء
ĺתͷʵ᰷ܵСأκҲ֣
ĺܷæǰˣǰӺݰȥˣĸ׵ҩûˣܾȥ׽һ⣬ἰ
ĺȻ״Ŷͷ˵ŶŶԶԶԣȥϼһȥˣԡ
κԽһۿҲ˵˵ǸӸʲô
ĺһ룬˵ܷ磬ͷܷܵһ⼱쵽ҩ֮󣬲÷ңֱӵκȥһˣһѾͷʲô취һҪõ侲˼ҳκ⡣
ĺܷһ㶣ĵŸô뵽⣬Ǳ߼˶һҪҪģǸƲôҪ˼Ҷ룬ǾԲټһ棬ȻŮӼҶȥͬ˼棬˵ӶļȥҲ죬ͷ˸õǶܰѶܸඣαöǣȥŪء
һ뷨˻˵ԥԥĹĺүһֻۣõͷӦǡ

һƬϵĹ󣬰޼һ·ΪشҶڷݼԾ׼ȷرܿһڰڣȡ
һ׵ģͬʱڷϣһ¥ķٿȻƿһԵɵɵСѾ߶һˮţŲˮͰУȻԵɵɵ˻ȥŹغá
޼ЦСӵĶ䵹ʹģ˼һᱻء
ҶЦ
ԼʶɲܹͨģʶܶĦڭǾеġʶһ˵ġۡǡࡢ⡱ȫҶ֮ǰ֮ôհ޼ṩľ鼼ҪΪԼʶһ̶ȣ˸Ϊ׼Ŀƣϸ˶ÿһάܲٿĵزԲѸٵհ޼ڵľ鼼
ֵһԺһլУһ鷿С
޼͵ĺϹزأȫһصĵؽѵУأֱҪǴŽȽѰ죬ĺϹԼ鷿һֱܵͨؽѣأ鷳
Ҷͷʾ⣬ؾƵĵؽʲôֵġ
޼Сʥ֮һҵܵڣɽ⿪ŵķһ֣Ҷ˽ȥ
һҶͱ޼סˣŶ˵ŵӣһߵĪ˫õ±ӣ÷˫Īߵ
˵ȥҶǵð޼ĻŶԷĲಽظ
˵Ҷչʶϸ֮µ̨ףĺȻڳﶼܸɾ𣬵Ҷ۾£ϸ΢ĻҳܹġЩų̤̂ϣһҳûһ˿һĽŲӡǣߵĽݣϸ΢Ľӡ
ȵ²㣬ƿһת֮һεĳС
С͵ţһ޴žҲࡣҲĴ⻹Ȼǽţ鷿еܵ޼˵רṩĺĽڡĺҲû뵽ԼһΪصܵᱻʶƣ״򿪡
֪ĺϹͷõġϪ޼˵
סҶӣȴѲסıӡһٿᣬҶСŵıţһſڣʮּᶨض԰޼˵ǰˡ
޼ϲЦ˵аҶСӣ벻㻹˸ӣһǿͷˣţģ
һ˵ţ޼һߴӻͳһѵ鶫Կ׿׿˼ۣͳһϸ˿Կ׿һŪһ޴žͱˡ
͵ĿܣǧԽ磬ַȻǾ˵ͬ
ҶŰ޼һŵУӭ˱Ƕľһ嵭ľ㣬͸̳Զζܷⲻ˾
ǣüһĺϹȻѲôĺö
һ뷿䣬˱㱻ǰ޴ľ̸̳𺳵ˡ
һƽļӣСȫ˾̳ӣҾƷ֮࣬ĿϾӡ
ʮҶ࣬аŮ죬ȥﻹѾơ޼εһ¾̳ӣһ̳ӾƸʱģص˽գһ̳Ӿƾʣ˲֮һǻӷȻ͸ȥģʣµľֳճ״̬


067 
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ĺϹĻܣƳأǶԲһˡ
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һṦʲô𡱣մɡȵϼƷƣﱻһһؾ˵Ҳû̳̳ĺȵÿһ̳ӺôڣһᣬѾǸƷϰֵˣƵȼһ𣬼ǾõĶˣҲЩˡ
ھƼ̸˵صһٺҶеһ̳Ӿƣ÷ŻԭأѰûȹĺþƣһתۣһ̳ӶҪСϼŵľ̳ӣ澹˻ҳɵһ棬ֱ˹ȥϸ˿һһѳ֣ۼ̳·ļϣһԭ̳ѹסĻͻܴһƬĸ¸
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Ҷղŵľƾȫŵ亹ð˳Щɵػ˻еľ̳ӣ޼ùһڣǺԣһľ̳ð˳
ȿȣǣȡҩƣ˲֪ٸͷҩƣ޼ӻͳһذף̳һμǳľˮУˮϳһ£޼ļǣ󾪵ĺȵ裿TMDǴǡųżһذ׶ȥǵӦѣû͸Ĳ棬޼ذ׵ϸߡ
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˶Ṧ֣ӸӣṦһתӲڿн赽·˵档
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ҶҵȻܹٴԾϵ棬ѱٴ뷭嵱С
ҶҲ룬ħУһӣһâɳסľƼϣֹסµƣһ֣޼֪طתһƬëһҶļϡ
Сӣүϲȥˣĵذ嶼ǻģȻƼӵǺǽϣ϶бĻصǡ
˸«ƵصڰУȥվסţ±߾Ͷһʱû˰취Ҷɵʵ˵ô죿᲻ĺ˼ҿϽķϣǸඣ
޼мߵĺϹҪ˼Ҹù鰸ͷܹˣңŶûССӱ𼱣ͷа취
޼ͳСذף𣬷ϵǽڣڵһǽ֮УЦĺϹҪץסңŶûУ±ɡ
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Ҷûǰڶٶȣ޼ֱһתڼʱڣһһߣ׵ĵضǰ޼ƽ˵µ嵱С
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ĺĹܼҺִ¸ǸеƽѵʱѾǿտҲˡ
޼ڳȥԶȷϳ˾ķΧ㿪ʼڡʱȻֱڳ⣬֮ززڵصٶȣôҲϼٶȣһ˷ĺڳĵص˾Ͳˣű˻ɡ
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ҶҲ˳һһС͵ĳԱߣһѲ߱ﱼ˹ȥһ޼һҶ˵СӣﱻΧˣүһӲȥһǣṦȶͷ㹻עܡ
ҶһҲ飬ֱӵͷͬ⡣
ϾԷԾṦġ֡Ṧ£ɲԼܹģҪܣ˰ΧҲȥ˵Ҫ˵עǾ;ԲңȥֱӴӦĸɴ࣬ͷǾûˡ
ҶһҶ֮󣬰޼ԶһЦ˵ע֮󣬰Ȼ˵ĺϹؽıþƶүүĶˣʣµҲ򣬿㻹ʲôþдЩɧѡ
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޼֮һ㣬Ĵɿ𣬴ڵĸͬϷˣСһڰ޼ƨɺ棬ǳ֮ƫƫǸϲ϶ԷôҲ׷ϡúƫƫȴ޿κΡ
һṦ򣬼ĺĵͷ
ڼ䣬һЦʱһϵȴϵԭǰԭͰСܻӭ֮ЩˮƺȵкηֻǰҹΣȴЩûòˡǸδϥ̸㿴ΰ
ǸոκԽ׼Ȼ̸ĺֻǻĺƨɻûȣľĺ͸ĽȻǴʧɫΪ֪ʱղڵؽеĶжôǵһʱ䣬ǽȻ鿴ĺػ
ǺãͷӽԱˣԼһ˵ţ޼ȴԽԽԶڱӡ
סСлĺҲŷԶ
˳⣬Ҳźظȥ
ЩϵĸһߣҶҶ̽ͷһԾµ棬׼һٵķ򣬱㼱س˹ȥ


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ĺʻǿҵϲȰеһ
ҹ֮ʱϲڴǰ磬ḧ촽Ļ꣬˺Ļ㡣
ҹ¹࣬ᡣ
С¥Ϻƽڴǰ˸мм͸
ʱ¥һܼٵĽŲ
һʮġСҴҵı¥ܾѣҲܼ١
ĺͷ£ûת
ŮϤǼչԼŮܿŮĺԴ̬ȺºͣһԴһ
ʲô£ĺʵ
ܿϢţү˴£Ҫ鷿
ޣĺĻش˶ѣûٶһ֡
ܿԾضĺΪҲΪصү˵ΪүѾϢˣûǽүǲˣ
ĺ΢΢Цûе¡ҲãҲϲ
˵¹شһҪү˵ǲǺûòСѾͷཱུ˵
ĺȻʧЦ˵²ԵѾʵΣ˵ص㡣
ŶȻҪԭ򡪡ǽɡ
ǣүСѾͷܿͻȻ˵²ô
Ϊʲôĺʵ
ӰӡСѾͷһ䲻˵үš֮ǰȻ˵үҪϢЩ˵ľӦ֪ãʮҪҲиǫ̬ȣôָʹģүӺãʱ䳤ˣֻҪūˡ
ĺ̲ס͡һЦ˳Ȼ˵СѾͷô˼ūȻ֪ҲҵĻȥɣûҪ£ǲҵġ
ţǡĲԸܿС뿪ˡ
δʱСԺӿʮˣͷĺĸ߼ִ£ܿС¥ݼλ㲻ĺӡ
Ǹòºмɽζʮ塢׳Уع˵ӡ֮ҹ̽ز֣¹ش󣬷߶ӣˡ
ĺ΢һһαЩţʵˣ֪ʧʲôûУ
ӵĻүƹĶһû١
ŶǾͺáĺ̬һɣŵʵ˭ô
ǵġү϶֡ʥ޼
ĺȻ򣬡ŶԭǰǰֲûЩˣȥɣǲ鿴ͲˡҲϲ
ǡֵϸ۲һܣûκ֮
˽ŮܿȴЩĪԼϾչүʱ䣬һЩϰ߻˽ġүȻѾ˽ǽ鷿ôһת۵Ĺ㲻С¥أǸ¡
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ߺĺתߣһ赽΢΢һЦ˵ɣѡҹ˾βһһ衪
һӰƮĺĶ棬̬һѽ֮Ⱦ˵ò谡ò衪
ҹ̽ĺ͵ƱֵҶԭĺΧܼ֮󣬱ѰһıյС¥
ֻҶû뵽ǣԼһֶϢȻǰʶƣɵζؿĺ㣬Ȼ˵λֵܺö
ĺ㵭ȻһЦһЦ̨εĹأҪǸղĺҵִ˵ƹĶһû١ʱ̨Ȼü٣Ҳֲ̨ģ뵽̨ǽϷͷĺ֮Ҷˡ
ҶɵЦֱӽȴûһ˿һоǸеʮֿģ˼ܹϸ˳̶ȣ͸Լˡ
ҶȻЦԭĺ־λҪϵġʹѡඣ
ĺЦ
˧һ𣬾зԼӢˣֻҶһϮۣԵݣЦдŵ㲻ĺ㣬Ķţ籥ʫ湫ӡ
ĺ㽫Ĳ豭£̧ͷʵղûüϸʣͰ޼ǰؽʲôˣ
ҶȻһЦõ˵ȻǴĺöˣָһỹǡ
ĺ㲢ûоóԾЦˡ
ʲôȻλۣ͸λˡĺ˿ĶʵвϧҶ統Ҳ洫ľƷָ͸ݵĻˡ
ҶʧЦµڽϴģ˵ĺҵĶүŮϻǮѾҶĶ硰Сӥչˡ
չĺ᰷磬һһϣųƵ󡰻ӡǸ߸˧ͬʱ»ʶŮûһǵġ
ҶȻ˵ǼҵıûһۣѹͲǱЩġ
ĺһ£̨õʲô
㿴˵ţͳһ̵ľƺ«ҫƵػεε洫
ĺ˱ӣʵǾƣ
Ǻþƣ˵ġϪþƿɲãҿҲôʮ̳ˣʵүȲϡǼүҲˣֻ̳ӣҸǰһһ̳ӣʣµһ̳Ӿƶˡ˵̳ӣľģٵĺܡ
ĺȤɵ׷ʵĺðķգȻֻΪ͵һ«ƣ
ɲͨľƣ޶ļƷ𡪡
ĺĲźʹ̼ǳȤ
Сĺ㶼ѭ浸صΪ淶ȻҲ˲ӵĳƺţΪ۾ʧܼ˺ǻΣյ鶼˽ֹеĹԱ
ҪѾΨСʥءڵһҩܹΣļ˾ݶԲӦʥ֮еġ
ʱҶ˾֮£ȻֻΪѰƣֻоǰǵ죬ŵĿԣͬʱҲеΪ̼˷ܺѡ
ɫ磬ӦˡҶǡ
ȻҸϣ̨һͬ뿪ĺһγһˣңһҪҪҶ̸
ŶҶؿĺ㣬ǡʥءһе⣬ǻµʱȥӦôżɡ
ĺɫδй࣬˵ɵ飡
ҶɫٿȻ


069 ʦ
ĺɵʱҶһ𣬱ôδй档
ĺӺԶ˸Ȥأ
ĺ̾˿˵ҶԺ򡣡˵ȥˡ
ĺ㣬ҶŪЩԺʵԲµʲô飬˳ȻɣʩʩȻ衣ĺӦȡɽġˮɡ嵭֮дһȻˮдŵĲ㣬֮Ϊ֮һ壬Ҷ֮ÿڿʣһյ裬Ҷһߵڣӭɫ磬ĺš
г˻㡣
һƬ£¹õҲˡ
Ҷ̾˿ɫҲбڵʱ򰡡
š޳޳ԲŲУĺ
Ǻһνʵһĸ֮ȻҶػͷȥԭЩϷʵıڿĺĽ֮ٿȻþĪ
ĵȻĺĽΪĺûκɻвԼǽΪĺʹģȻɵľ֮һġ𽣷
ĺĽǸոӣһһҵѹʡ
һʱ䣬ϵһḡľмֳĸƯ顰ĺ㡱֡
ĺ塭㡭ҶмǸ塱֣һĸоΪʲô֮ǰԼûз֡ѵ塯֣
ĺȻһЦҶ˵Ҵȥһˣ
ҶĺıǣһץӸεİԸоҪ
ӣ
Ҷ޾źš

ĺɫŨ˷Գ˷ҷĻ㡣
С¥ĺ棬һ羰ѵС԰УĺҶǸˡȷе˵һء
Ĺдż֣ոĺдҶһǱ߽ǷĿ֣ʦƹ֮ĹּϿóǳĺ֡
ûֻ֣Сƹĳƺš
ĺ㵭Ȼ˵ƹʦҲĺʮĻҳʱҵߣΪϲԳĻˣ
꣬ʧˣס˼ˣҽҲβҵĹֲǵʱĴҽܹҲֻǷڵľԭĳήȴ־ήĲ֢ް취Ԥһʮꡣ
ҲΪһʮֱ꣬ٴֱҼƹ
Ҷѹסĵļʵλƹܵ㵱ͽܣܵĴڸɵġ׹βĲ֢ҲѹƵãԡ
һôáĺ΢ЦŽ˵ֻû뵽ƹҵȴȲԼ
Ҷɻı飬ĺԹԵؽһ
ԭλĺ˳ΪƹĻȻɵ֮һ𽣡ԬĳֽͯӣšԪͨһžӢפݵһׯ԰֮ʱԪͯΪӣûгԶȻûжɱ¾ͬŵʱéޣʺݣһ١
ֻϧںеĲ֤У˷ټһ׷ɱ֮£˼صˣȻΪû뵽ڹֺѵֻ࣬ǴӴɥʧ˵ھҲ𣬹ɥʧ
Ϊ˻ĺҵһ˼ʮ꣬Ϊϲĺ⺢ӣΪԼһˣԴڸס񹦡˵󼸺һǵֿήľ
ĺøӳƹԪȴĺʮ˲ˡ
ĺеѹ˵ϧʦٶܼ꣬ɽŵ׳ˡԸ֮ǰг˷ŭã˵ûУ֪˵˭ⲻĽʹ޷Գ˵ĳޡ
ҶȴЩο˵ǻܺãԪʦȥʱ߻ڣǵõһЩο塣Ԫʦûʲôԣ
ĺҡҡͷ˵Ըİǿӵҵϣʲô֮ҪûֻڲΣ֮ǰܣҽźɽϡǸ¶ɽļң
Ӧˣ
ҶоЩµûţϸ뵱ɵֱÿ뵽֮еԵ껹ûȫıҶþȴ֪Ǳ߷й
ƹҵɵʮĴӣҲǡ塯ֱұ硯˼ҸãҸűΪ硯Ҹ˵ȱľҵġ硯֣ˡ㡯֡㣬㣬Һϲ֡ĺ΢ЦųҶķ棬ЦսҶҪһʦˣ
ĺֹۣ˲ȾЩ˸еҶһЦؽĺʦ֡źؿĺ۾ǰ˻Σ˵Ȼô˵е㲻òĸоǸϹӡ
ĺıȴǺ죬ƽĻش𣺡ǸϹӡ
ǸϹӡ
ȻֻǺƽ߸֣Ҷһȴû߸ָĻ
۾ĺ㣬ˣȰδҲϣ֪豭ҲȵĽˮ豭СҶӡУûϹز
·ܵҶɻĿ⣬ĺͷʱϹˡ
Ҷ㿴һҲ񡣡
ĺЦˣҪʲô˲Ϲӣ
Ҷ˵ܶϹӣΪϹӶǸͷɥüˣΪʶ˵˵ֻʣһƬڰ
Ȼû˵ɽĻĺȴȻ˼
ĺҶֳС¥ȥͬʱ΢Ц˵֪һΪϹӾôĵġ
ҶͷϡͻȻ뵽ĺǸϹӣԼĶæҪ˵ĺȴЦ˵ҸܵõĶ
Ҷʱʵôģ
ǷǸġԪһŮԱ
ҶתͷȥٻнȻͬһӯӯ·󣬼ҶüǿʶҲû֮ǰ˿춯
ƹĴˣȻ书׿ҲεġʹУ书ΪǿϧΪˣƹĵûʸμӵġ
ԭŹֲĺֵĸ֪ˣͬʱһһء
ҶȻЦŹӦǷǸĺĺʦֵõŹظ˾޴Ĵ۰ɣ
ĺ̾һ˵۾ĺұһӵҪȢǸĴΪޡ


070 ް
Ҷغһ̾˵ҽùĽˡҶŵضĺ㣬˵˵֣Ǽжô
Ѿף綨ףֻʣһˡ
Ҳ˵ԺҪȢһǸŮ˹ô
ĺЦҲûʲôãǸϹӣ˼Ҳңʲô޵ġ
УҶ쳤̾ǸŮ˳ŵĺòá
ڷǸǴӻʸ̩˽⵽ϢǴӊʶǿƣǹ԰ֶʱʶķǸŵӵĻա֮ûһֵÿ϶ĵط
ǿơա
ðɣҶڶԷǸӵӡ
㲻ȰȰôҶŽȻ˵ϹʲôãαԱȥȢһǸĵӡ
ȻɵЦŶҵһ˷ǸĵӣҪ֪¼ܹôٵ˶˷ܵĲˡ
˵ĺˣҶ̯˫˵
Ϲûʲôãĺ૵ظҶĻʧЦ·õлҶʦܵĹ仰һסġ
Ȼȵؿ˿Ҷĺ㣬Щ˵Ŷʦܣʦ֣Ҵʲô𣿿˳μĽԤϵҪõö࡭
ҶԭŵĴٿȻ£ҿһۣȻ󻺻˵ǡطٺ٣̸

˵ʵڵģĻŨˡ»صС¥֮Ҷûֱ⣬ǳ
ĺ·дԼļһʵҲһֱôãϹӣϹӵĸйǱȱ
㻹ܣ
áСԺһһʯһһľǹҵΪҾ׼ģ˵귺Ĳ軨˵ʮ˸ɫҶҹ֮Ƿˣ
ȷˡʮ˸ɫ
軨ʮѧʿµļƷһϹʮ˶仨ɫͬñȫ죬ϵıȫϣްֻӡʮ˶仨״䲻ͬʱ뿪ʵ䡭Ʒ֣ҵĶǧݴġ
ꡮԡҲҩеļƷǾ˸嶼ļƷ
ϲīĵ
ĺٵ˻ĺ󡭡ҲĺĺͶˡ
һˣһˡ
ЩԼΪʲôҪȥݲأǼҵѣҲҵˡ
ҶءŶһ˵ˡۣСӻ治һɧ
ȻһЦ˳ƺ
ֻƺһֱﶼһƬġ
Ŷӣ֪ǷҪƵأʻĲĺ㣬Ҷ
ŶԲ𣬡ĺʱŻȻ˵ﲻˣȴ˵ˡ
ȻҶȻλĺҵӣòơ
ֻǽȻЩֵؿҶô֮ǰǶûƵô
ҶٺһЦ˵üҿüЩϣڲܼˣȻҪඡ
Ȼı飬һߣЦһ˵λӣǷͣЩ⣬պеʱģʱλܹȱһ㣬һСŮӵĺأȻͻȻҶһ˲Ϊģ·˶ô˲Ĵ¡
󣬵ȻӦҶЦŽ֮ǰµ˵һ飬ֹĺ£֮ǰ޼Ҳһ顣
ȵҶȻŶԽϷ˴ŵ˽⡣
ǰΪϲ𣬻ͷҪϣúýѵһϻƣ
ϣеŮģҶһ˲İ֮ȼ
еġǰǰĺѡ
еİģ
Ҷİ֮˲䱻
ȻεذҶһۣ˵벻ԭĺɵĴˣɲˡλӦòʲôˡ
֮ǰȻʮֵҶλԼǿŵԱֲҪѺۡ
ĺͨĽ飬ƹϣΪһ조ʹԸƹĳǶԴ˶ǼȷԵģֱӾܾĺ˽Ȼ˽û뵽ĺĽȻȫշƹ˵ͣɹȷĺġʹݡ
ҶǽȻĲο֮һĿĲǶһ棬ĶԣΪǸĺѡһķѡֻҶǿʵٴ˽ȻĺΪĵļƻ˶ҡûĺۣҲҶļʻɣ
һ˺ԭǸ֧νȫ֧ˡ
µ֮еľϲҶĺ˭ΪĺģѺۣͬһϵϣӦÿԺ޼ġ
ԺһһֵܸʶϲġҶĺļȵ˵תȻʳԼһֱʵ飺ӣ֪ηǸѡ˭أ
һڣ֮ǰ֪ˣһѡȻ¶յɫҲʲôѡһЩϢƺŴɵĵӣʮ֮һ
ʮ֮һ
Ҷڡʮɡӡֹڡ¡ȺϣûܲŴɵķ緶ԴʦĻ֮ЩŴɵòôˣС¡İ׵䣬ҲСˡΪ˵λֶεıСˡ
Ǹѡһֵ£ĶԭͶԷǸûкøеҶȻȻؽٳ˶֮⡣ǣԼѰ淽ʽȥɡ
ʥ֮ĿֻһǻŻȻٴĳ˵ƣֻҪ˽ˡʥء½ıԾЧˣȻϲɱĻߵĹ۹֮Ĺս㱻žˡڵĻ˵һ£ܹǴݵȶڵľƣɾ
Ҷ̾һ˵ⲿǽˣԸʸڲ
Ȼĺ㶼ǲ˹ȻĺĶǲ˲䣬ԱԼø
ҶͶ״˵ЦģڿЦ
ʱ˵Լ뷨ֻø㡣Լ˵ǵУкܴһȫŲõĽĲ벻Բš
ԼĻȫˣʱƹ̬ȱΪ˹ؼΪȻ֮һһһǣһΪĹٶħŵķĲ˵׵еģûʮȫ׼ɽԻһֱ䵱лҶԸܵĽ


071 ĺѵ
ħŵļƻѾʼˣԤķǰĽħŵļƻĶʵ֡
׼ҶһֻҪȡһվԼһߣƽͻбһǶȡǶȼΪϸ΢ͣȥҲ츲صı仯
õĽħʵʩƻ֮ǰҶŽһԿħŵʵͿһ̯Ƶʱһ˽⡣
ǰƻĻħżȶıɹֻʱɹıʧܣΪ̫صĶڱ֮£˱ֻЩܵصĸҲøΣաǻǱȥȴһεĻᡣ
ҲҶҪġ
ҪõĽʹҪڵĸȫ޳ˡѪǡҪɱҪһݵؽħŴ󻼣ҪȫȫĽ¶ΣȻһټ
ҶûжԽȻԼĲ²⣬ʱûиĺĴ㡣
ҹɫŨ
ȴ˯⣬¹֮£гҹ̸ͨﵩ
ͨȻĽͣҶҲһ˽һЩʥء鱨ͬʱҲ֪һЩԼܻ
ͨṩ鱨ߵʥءʱͨһСǵУиַʩʮʱ׼
׼֮Ĳߣÿ˻޾ľܣ˲ߵλᡣ
ĳؼΪ󣬼߶ûа취˵򵽵жΪƬ֮У޺УΣաֶ׵ؾͻᶪƬĳأرΪɱ¾֮ء
ڹĴȻɱ¾֮УʮӻҪӱ׷ɱߣԽӻУйߵĸֿﲻ˽ֻܹƽرȶܰѶɱĶעһžܡʤ߿ڱӻϢ˸СʱʧҲһСʱϢʱ䡣֮ʤ߻ǰߣҪ»صɱ¾֮Уʮ֮󣬲ʸٴνӻ
ʮ飬˶ʮڶʮڻˣ϶ǼΪĸˡ
ЧñӻҶվȽŸĹؼ
ʥءÿһСǶҪĲȻ󣬵ȴǾĹؼȻɫص˵ÿ¶СǼٿʱ䣬ڼõʲôĲϣҲԴСǣгɫĽ˿԰ѲҪĶסƷıӲͨоǴȼߵ޾ˣ½Ѿʧ˵ļܸ㹻ĴۣЩԸǵıһ㾧˵ģʹ֮ΪΪġѵ˷ѡ
ҶһٿȻһԼ϶಻ʤֻûи߳ĹǴɾǴ˴ܹʥءרҵʿɾǲУ
ȻлȡúôҲͬ޴ЩıϣɻΪߵɱĿԸ

ҶǴЩƷʾͲǾƷĲϣܹƳɱҲԼڡʥءи࣬ϾƷıҲӲͨˣԼڳڻһЩõĶ
Ҷص֮󣬱ƹ˴Ϣ˽çɽеõļȫȻʥءɾƷ
ɫѾʱ˷Žһҹĳ̸
Ҷķᣬ롰ʥءԺѾһµӡһΣֳջĵط
һֱ߶֮αסҶȴ˼Ǿ˲õ棬׷ħ֮Ĳࡣ
Ҫһʱ䣬һ֮󣬲߿Ƕܻȡ뿪ʥءĻᡣ
Ҷһаʣµ£ԼǿʵĻˡ

ʱһ졣
Ҷ绨ڽȻĴ£ʽİݼĺүӡ
϶ŲˮȴʱҶȴ˺д΢
һΪĺүӣָʹѵ
ֻĺү˵ЩТӣ֪ǣ϶մǲݾˣôϷĹʽ֣
ûУûУ
ס죡㻹Ʊ磬˼ҶѰˡ
λĲǶܵΣ᲻֪ء
Ҳұ죬ܵӱҲΣͲܽôôһӶͷӣô
Т
ӦȴҶһΪдŮŮʮ벻ĺͷô˵ͷһʮ꣬檣ֱеĿģ
ͷ̾Ϣһ˵нƬҵҲбߵ岮̫࣬Ҳδֵ٣ġ¹Ǽеһܹһǧӣιã
ǲ˵ȥŬȡȡǵʹƲӣܱأꡣ
ʱ㵭֪º粨;նٳѵ˵һҪϰ䣬ۼж฻УȰѹʵ󵽣ɻؼƷΪֹ˼ۺҪ֪ݡ
ΪΪһƷԱʱơȲѣǿȴΪ͵̫ƽӣ벻ΪͬΪ٣ųơ˫࡯ļѾǼ³
򲻿ûУ̫߼ʣƶꡣ
⣬Ϊµྭ̸֮ζϰ䣬ȡδġӦ˾ͬѣŮūͺõ軧ƶͬ塢ˣΪѾ飬Ϊ֮մǵܽˣٶ裬ǣգʲ粨֮աҲܱƬҵİ¡
ӽǼӱҪ䱳죬ӸҪѧϰպл⿪֦ɢҶҲҪϿؽȡʵ;
𣬲ǣҵѰ˴˭˲˵ĺ壬ȸҹ񾡹ܸ־ӣײĺǺεƵŷң
˶˵ŷֻʲôӵܣӵѵһôǵĸּȻǶŶ֮ʿΪȴ˷ϵһҵƶҲЦǺιʣҿȫΪ˸ĸĶŮ簮ֻ̰ܣ֪ȡ֮ʡ
ʵǸ˼ҵʶ㣬㣬ѧ䣬ȫףֱЩʿᶡı׵öࡣֻҪΪˣЩɢڳ֮꣬͢аܼ֮ȫԼ̫ˡǶûУ


072 
ĺһ˵̣µŮش֪ˡ
Ȼ˼Ҷǰ߶һ㣬ԼʦҲˣ߶һӣһΰԼһľȫӣȫҶѹȥ
еĻûгԿ֮ǰҲǲȥġ
ҶΪĺүӵļѵ㵽Ϊֹˣû뵽ͷһɤӣ̸Դ󷢣˵ѧֻسɣȻҲһϲسɱѵö࣬Ҫʱ곰˵ϵ׬ǮƣŻ˷
䲻ԸǷ糾Ϳ࣬һƬҵ깫ϷҲǲɡ
ǣΪĺӵܣҪ㡣
һҪͨŪһСҵƣ
ڶҪϰҪԱ
粻ϰ䣬Ū˵˼ҿ㲻𣬾ӦꡢûǮҲͭ졢㡣
ҪһͨͨҲѧо٣ǰ׶
ٽʫգŸѧһ㣬ණмҴرһѧͻᣬ̫ѡ
Լ黭ʫʸ踳У˹ҲӦ겻ζþѾȲͶˣνύ
˵䲻Ļһ֮ӵܣʱ˲ãУлܹȨ󣬵˻ӭ
вơ˻µңٽеıѧᣬϧǮˣٿ˼ҶǹάʱָǸʲô⾰꣬ɹɽ˸ʿʱƣ飬żȻʧڼ㣬Ҳ˸˵һ֡
ٽżƬ԰ַ羰ʳ֮ڳҰʿֻ֣ΪеǱģϸӦӴʹЩ˶ĺҵ飬ȴߣרľ֮飬һʹԽԽ࣬ȴãʱһã㲻ҲһɼҪУҲҪ˶Է֮ʱǽʱ˵ƽճ̫࣬ײãȻһԾŶ
˵Ѱİռĺҳ공ӯţҲ鷢³⣬䶼ȫϵµĹٸһ˵飬Ȼƽ޿ˡ
ٽһ״ܽȡĸãܣҲʹԽ࣬ҵԽԶ˭ҶǿǺô
Ҷð̴ĴָһߣȻǸߡĺάһľ飬ȻһܱģȻЩǳĲЩνɵĴ֮һЩŻպͽύȨֶοƱɣʵá
ĺһԽʿһǸΨͼԼΪĵƹȻҲ뻢ıƤˡ
֮ǹһʱ䣬ߵ绨ѾȵΪͷˣҪҶüĿ⺻ͱ׵ǲӡˡ
ȻǳЦֻǶĲ豭񣬲˵һ仰Ҳ֪뵽ʲô顣һ豻ȵ֮󣬾һЦĺ˴˳һǸЦݣֳżʩϣͽӺλúˣ²һˡˡ
ȻͷǳЦ˵ĺǰˡ߿ĻҲ˵̬˾̬Ϊ΢
ĺתͷҶ绨УȻ˵λؾǴ˴Ȯͬеġʹ˰ɣ˴Ρʥء֮УȮӵȫиλˡ˵վһ
Ҷæվҡ绨мҶվҲվ׶ߵĴͷﶼһ£ϴѹ̫ˡ
ĺǳҶ˵λСһǽġСɡҶ˰ɣ񽭺ǿϲɺأҶСѴ˵˽ܣҪָ궦ʢʱڵƣָտɴ˰
ҶִǣǳЦûʵĿöԻȥģŶġ
ĺת绨Уǵ̾һЦһ󺺣һа֪ʦγƺ
绨شҶߵֵܣ壬ҵܵܣ
ĺϵЦһͣȴ⣬벻оȻǸʿֵܣҶڶлָӵöôһǱһŶԿҶô죿
һԵĽȻʱ˵λ绨ʦСԵʦĵӣһ޺ɶ񹦡ƻǿǴ˴Ρʥ֮Сɻȱѡ
Ȼǡ޺ĺĪоɫʧһЦģ˵벻Ȼʦĵӣʦ޺£ҵĩѧѾã벻վȻҼʶ񹦣Ұġµһſ¾Ҫˣ
ĺ˷ܵ绨ı۰ļҪ̽ŵģôĶȻԸĳ绨ֱࡣ
ĺԼλҶ绨Цμ棬ϷЩʵϲΪ׼һ⣬λ¡
ŲҶ˿˵ֽеˣ
˴һʱѸһһУϯǰ
ĺ˸ƣ澷ֱѳзҶ̺͵绨ǰ
ºĺȻССɾ⣬λ򿪺һ
Ҷľܾȴǰͷڳһӱڵ̬ȣѵ֪ʵɴ˵ôʱҪģֻǲ֪еĶϲԼı׼
ԥڼ䣬Ǳߵ绨ѾǴԼĽУһҶ۾һ£תͷȥȴһԻƽĻۣ͹ӣʴ̻ƼΪȻһȴǶ׵ĺܡ
ֻҶڶ׵ȴƷһ˿ͬѰĸо
ǿ²ǻƽĶӦǽͭĸǲϱǱˣǿԼϵĻ
ĺŷҴ壬˵Ϊ˸ӻһεϡʥءĻᣬרΪʹṩƷΪĲȻʮۺ񡣴ʱΪύʹȻ̫ᣬϾǱԼıϡ
֪绨пһ֮ȴǲһƲ죬ֱӱɤ˵ⲻǸǴĽôûŮˣҪ
˵ֱָӾƲˡ
Ҷ￩һ£
绨еĴֺڳ˵ɫһĺϵļⲻΪ˲ض£ĺܷɫǼѿֻбϵĺ¶Цɫֻǿ͡
Ҳ̫ʶˣǵӣĸܴϣⶫķֿסƷĻӿڽϣǶǿһƬȷѪĶȻֶϡ


073 ղ
绨ֱӾܾĺĺ⣬ʹóһʱ쳣ĺǹٳ켣¶ɫЦʦȻͬˡ֪ʦʲôȤԸʦ
Ҷʹɫ绨ǧ˵ʲôֵĻͷԲ޺ǸϺ꣬һֻǡ
ֻ绨ҶɫӶĺĻ֮۾ʱһȻ˵⻹ұĲȤ˵гĺþƣ͸ʮ̳һ̳ӣһ̳ӾС
ͬʱһ㶣źȻЦ

Ҷٴ̾Ϣô˸ղŵգĺʱ˼档
ĺȻЦԭʦһǴ˵ˣãƹȻҪͣϺõľƿûһ̳ô࣬ʦܷģʮ̳ӻеġϷҲջʦΪѣ˰ɡ
ˡҲã绨ŽԻӻΪǿ
Ҷһ벻Ҳѧ˱ˡ
һԵĽȻʱͻȻصףҶΪβĺǰ͸ʲôأ
ҶȻһЦֱӽӷһߣ΢Цĺǰĺ⣬ܾڵȻǺ䣬ֻĵڴ򿪻¶ϲԽ飬ͽȻЦԻǾȥٴһɡĺǰ¡
Ҷ绨һֵܻ⣬һʶ֮ˣһ֪Ǳȴ̵סһۣ̬Ҳǿпޣ̰֮ɫȻ⣬˾Ȼ
ոֵ绨Ѿھܾһˣ벻ֵҶȻ˲ӡ
ĺȻ̾ҶֵܶУձǾʿϷ򲻵˿ãи塣
ҶͷЦ˵ǰģĺֵİȫֵһάֻҪֵܲĺ־;ܵһ˺
ҶͻȻر̬޲ݡ
ĺҵﲻ̫ģҶ֣سŵԭЩʧĺһٰʮȴתΣһ𣬴ϲãҶֵܹȻӣˣ磬Ҫ뼸λ顭

Ϲӣ
ʱգ绨һеԼʣʻĶȻǸĺҵĺˡ
Ϲӡǽĺλش绨ͬһʡ
仰Ѿ飬оͰ绨绨ٴʱû˿ĲͣȻЦŻش
ѽԹԣϹӱ۾ʹ˿û
ĺڴԱߣӭĽ磬˵Ϊû۾˸Ϊɡ
Ǹ󴫸ġԪӵбȷǸʷκһϰŹˣҪԶĶ̽鷶Χֽ׶εڹͬһڵֻܻö׵̽鷶Χĺȴܴﵽס
ڣһ߸ߵ͵ܹ׵̽鵽СĺжңԼ֪̽Ķʲôڳ˵Ŀ塣ֻо뵽ʮڣ޾ϸ֪̽Χжȫա
ϸ·棬ȻҶġĦڭ޹Ķ֣ҶŹ˵ΪģֳһԲ֪̽Χǳ;ʱ̴ڵģĺһĲ״̽鷽ʽҲһʽ;
ĺȫԵ̽࣬ڼԶ
ҶĹڶΧĿƣõĻᱻ˴ӱ͵ϮҲյԷĹĽǶȡ
ôҶսСսɱȴһ˰̶û¡
绨Щؿĺ㣬ǰˣԴϲҵһּΪ̹ȻڸУָоʦҲйһֿĸ
ĺĻЩϸ΢ĲͬǿȰ
ĺ㵭˵ʵϹҲûвãȻѿȴõоõʱȱ˻ܸܸȤ
ϴҸĹԣĽŵûѩƮݶϵܸܲоڴĺʱ֪֪ĺгִԶɽϴľҶ㣿
ĺ˵Լĸ򣬶һԵ绨ȴŬ˵һᣬĸ
ĺֻҪȥԣͻᷢǶôɰÿﶼкܶзյȤ
绨۾Ȼýˣˡ
ĺܻܲ죬ⲢǲһϹӣǲٺԼǲֵĻȥ
绨̧ͷĺƽ
绨۾ıѲǾ𾴣һʱʦʦ
Ҷ߳տΪĳǸ绨Ȼ˰ĺߣ߶ûб׵ĽԷһı⡣
ӦⱲӼ龰˰ɣҶ°ͣ˵
ˣ绨ʱˡҶңңغ
ʣµʱ䣬κ˵˷ѣʱҶҪ̺ȶһյ񹦾ѧڹؼʱȫԾҶһ
ʮ֮һġղ塿񹦡
Ҷڳμ绨еʱ򣬾Ѿһ˵ѧԭӦѧᣬΪиΪҪѧҪѧһֱûֻάڳѧĽ׶Ρ
꼾ϸؽ֮ǰҪļҪ㣬⼸ҪȫӰ֮ǱԤʾжԼ߶Զ
쾳֮ǰһ롰쾳ҪЩͻϼѡ
һǴͨȫ⽫պԼܹ洢ĻͨľԽܹ࣬ԽۺĿ꣬ҶļƻУѾͨ׽㶨
ǲʱҪԡҪüΪǿġ׶Ļ񹦽ǹؼŵԽǿڲ֮󣬱ǿġ
ҶǼǿĽѧʮĹҶȫ˺׶εǰءŹڴǺѪ⣬ԻüǿƤĤĶǲϮ壬Ȼ⽫סȴ޷˽ӴҶҪĽǡѪ⡢ƤĤȫǿѰһŵѧƤĤ
ԣȼƷġղ塿񹦣Ҷõѡ
Żѧʮеʮ־ѧ֮һΪߵĹ˹紩ռףɵһеϮʹȫǿɽ֮Ϊǹ롢ˮֵĽղ֮ˣһǿķ֮֮ᣬԶʤʯ
񹦼ˡŋ翸󡱵ĴڣҶѧѧһЩܵ㣬㽫žѧɡѧէݵˡСɡˡ˵ȼѧϾҪˡ
ֵһģҶĸɶӹҲõ񹦵ĴУɽݡ


074 ҩԡ
Ҷ˵ֻۣһϮβ죬ȴĿӣѧԼӰ졣
ղ塿ľһΪĴء
һأļƤĤ⡣ľȫͬʱתھƤԼµĤеͬʱƤĤͼԽأɵٶԽ죬ƤĤͼǿֿ
ɵһصߣͨĻɦһ㣬ʹ
ڶأǿƤĤ̼ýܣϰĴȫ಻ʹʱöۿڵĵתֻƤʱ㹦ɡ
ɵڶصߣƤĤüΪͣԼܱอˡͬʱͨĵѾ˵ϰ߷ֺƤĤԿơ
أðٽĴȫٽشƤȫϰ֮ͬʱü䷴
ɵصߣһ֣κμ׶˷ֺǴϰߵš˫Ŀ˫ڡҪѨͬʱ𣬵˹ԽϰߵķԽǿӲ϶Էıǽ΢ˣֻܷ𴿴Ƿ
ĹأٽʹʱѴﵽȫκˣӲʱʱǹ룬ˮ֣־ƷףŷաҪѨз۵˵Ĺǿܷޱȵķ߷ˡ

ҶʱԼġղ塿ߵˡСɡĵزȴǴﵽ˵ڶص磬ѾǽЩ֮֡Ӳ۷ˮ׼ˣһĵ澢ҲƿƤ
ҶĿӣھͬǺӣͨľɢĹٲˣʼøӣܲͬξĻơ
Ө񣬽Ѫ罭ϫĵͣ
ڤ񹦡纣ƣڡС๦ľٿ£ϫһͣسˢȫľδͨĵطͨѾͨĵطʵ
ʱոϰˡղ塿Ҷԭ޵Ҳʼ״ɽɫϸ龧壬ƤĤͽ֮ᣬһʯף˵Ƹۻ
ڵʮȫͨ澭Ҳͨʹ񣬱Ǵͨлͬʱղ塿ƽء
ӵؿʼͲôˡ
⣬һŲڱһƹ˵ҶӣҩԡѾչӵҪԤͣҶǷڱҪʹã
ҶһȻ˵ǷѾ֪ͨˣ
˹˵绨ʦѾڴȴӹȥ
ҶͷЦЦɫһʵҹ֪ȥ˺δʱŻ
Ҳ¶ɻɫ˵Сʱһ䣬˵ǷǸҪ̣ձת
Ǹˣ
ÿǣǸҶĵ׶һĲȻУȻͻȻȥֲ̫õĸо
ӦԼܲ˰ɣǸôҰĲҲṫȻһȻΪеġ
߰ɡ֪ԼûлȨҶûٲΪ
Ҷ˵꣬һתա
ƹ˵ġҩԡǸҶǰõѪͬҶͶɢʯһоġҩԡӡȻѪ֮⣬˶ʮζҩģζ𵽴߻õĸҩһõġѪĹЧ˼һϡ
Ҷһ·ϴ˷ݵѪ·ƹʱҩ룬ʱ˶ľͰ֮ڣѪҩĵкѪζɢŨЩ
ľͰ֮һܣͰڷճѪҺʱཹཱུðݣΪˡ
绨վһԣɫЩ԰׵سסһҩҩͣ˵ʲôҲгߵ򼶪ľͰ֮С
ס֣Ͻס֣ѪѾ˵ˣ㻹ŲһȽ㡭
ƹҩѾʮͣҲǸҽտ֮ʱ绨ľٶŪÿЦãЦ˵үүҶӷԸģҩԡⶾ򼣬Ѫ֣ױգǺ£
ҲУ绨һ񺮣ÿʱһ¡
ġ
ҲУľ͸ˡ
ÿ˶ߣֻ벻ֵ绨УµĶȻǳӣǴǵľ޴ӡ
Ҷε˹ȥȰ˵УôأֲǻѾˣ㻹¸򡣡
ҶȰЧ绨ֻҡͷ
Աߵƹҩͳ˸⣬ֱ绨Ȱ飬˷ĩ绨İ٣ǰŽҩԡ֮ڡ
ۼҩԡеѪɰɫ˳һƬ¶ҲܺʣҶŶ绨˵ˡȥǵھһҪסһйȥóһСϻӣȡţëһϸ룬绨ѾһһҪѨλУһ˾žŰʮһ룬ǶɢʯڸҶġѨ֮ڴٽҩԡա
֮󣬱绨ֱרŸƵľͰУһѪҩԡ°ͣ嶼ҩԡ֮С
绨Ҷգһ۾ʾܲչĺ˳Ҷһͬʱ˼Ӵ
ҶӻȡһҵС̳ӣǰմĺҾƽеõļƷҩƣ̳ҩƵĹЧǿһǴļƷǣݣƷԺֺǺѾ˾ˮУܼ֮ǿĽǣʹĽ
ʱҶ˳ȻҪΪؼҩԡʱ̣ˡ
죡
绨пҲֱſͣҶֱӽ̳ߵ˳ʣµճˮ绨С̳ӣֽʣֱ绨͡
绨¸¹Цǰǰɼͽ˵ǽ˸ϡãֱʵ˶
ҶͬʣµĴ̳ҩ̽˸УԼͬʾ룬Լĺ󱳣ҩʹͣ룬ԼǸľͰ֮УϢת
ʼľͰʱһɹ̵ĸоƤÿë׶·һʹ͹̥ǡʹҶ̶ȵʹвѰ
ȣ
һ£˽ľͶľͰ֮£ں÷ĻһȻʢϣ˼վڸѾܲס۴ѪӿĴľͰ֮ˡ


075 ϴ͵Ϯ
ͬҽһһɴȻ
ҶϥһûҩͰڵҺ嵱УζͨԽжݵؽںתͿ̥֮ͬеӤ
ӴҩԡкڵҩƵͷţڣľγĿͣҶľѪ⡢ǡƤĤǲͣǿۡǿҶͬһֻһǿǡ
ҶſھյٶȻԸģȶԼƤĤ֮䣬һĿա׳󡢷ѡϡ
ղ塿أͣͻƣڡڡڡԲ
ͻƣ
Ҷյ¶һ˿΢Цʽˡղ塿Ĺصĳڽ׶Ρ
֮УΧѾγһɫľ֣ƤںһȫУֻԼĵﴦһʮҵĿնûбպϣλãԼڡ
ֻҪԼڼֶȥһᱻסԼγûĽ֮
ͬҲ绨Ҳšġ޺ɶ񹦡Ѿͨⳡҩԡȫ˺ĴԲ磬ʮصѧѾڵھıԵֻҪͻ죬ɾʮصľ硣
绨ٴεҩԡеĽǺѪ⣬ʱʹõ书ȴǡ
绨УҶҲûв˽޺Ĺص㻹ڵһ⻯ƤĤڶĹ紩һĽףŹƤĤǿżǿãڽǡѪȴǰޣΪ绨Ȼսȫ淢չҶȻҲ⿴޺֮͡ǸʲôĲ
֪˶ãҶ˯תһ㣬˫ۣǰһαϸˮγɵıбϸĿڣͣر仯״ҲͣΧСˮںϣԽԽأвסȻ³ͣСˮ飬ˮΣľͰ֮ϣϡϡ
һ̥ͬǡһ飬ҶĬţֱҩͰԭĳɫҩԡ֮ˮѾý峺͸ֻǱϻƯһ֮ӦҩĵĲų
ҶӣϴˮѾˣǷϴԡ
ҩͲǷˣԻİպҩЧ˼ΪҪȶáҲǵȻ֤ģֻһ·ϰѶɢʯţŸڵҩԡ
õġ
һεҩԡЧ󣬡ղ塿ֱӽ˵ĹصĳڣϵȻûбպϣֵͨĹĵѾ˺ˡ
һ³ըļ⣬Ҷȷͨղ塿ԼԭƵ˼޵ͻƣϵľγɣǶԼ²ûдĻһΣҶֻһǧľﵽ˿µ
ͷֿһۣȻҩͰг绨յٶҪԼϲ٣յҲΪϸ¡
绨ԭ޺Լʣľ֪μϻôͻơ
˵ʵ绨ǿҶջϳҶҲ˵Ҷ˵Ǽ£绨ԽǿᣬǼ˵漸ʱԽǻߡ
ҶԿ϶ǣڵ绨̲죬ڻڵķϣҲԻᳬ棬ӹɵġ

Ҷˮķϴͷ˶δû룬ʱͻȻһ죬סͶĴ
ϴ͵Ϯƹˡ
ôĵӡ
ʶģҶµ˶ԷĿԼ
Ҷ𣬼·˳һУѾɵУˮѱ˹ɡ
ֽش·Ҷʶȷ˵Ǵ˵ȷλãֱ˳Ŵܳ˲⣬һϮ߸ոմյ࣬ûü̽㱻ܳҶһûüУϱһʹ˾ͻ˹ȥ
Ҷѡʱ֣Ϊһĵ˶ע˴ǰŴβֻһ˴ڡҶܳͬʱֱһָжԷͷȿƵãԷһԹϱ˹ȥ
һСָͨٴпܰѶԷͷǹǸƷɣСˣͶ޹ͽǶԷע⡣
ΪԷĿġϢͨҶû޴ֱɱԷѡֹסԷԷ
Ҷýεסһ˶Էеĳ˱ԱߵĲš
խĹ滹һǴϵĳ洫ˣҶһתѴεߵԼϣͬʱҲװ˶Էͬ
ļһ¶һ׶ףҶǺӡ
ʱڴϸ΢Ҷװ˶Էͬǹʹ磬࣬ԵͷҰһִֺǸԵͬ
ΣֻҪͲᱻϳ
׼׵Ҷֱƿ˳ţһһ£ѳͷҶװǱһ㣬ܿͱĳͬʱгĿһѳ
֮ǰҶǴ˶ԷһֲʱŷЩ˵־һķͽ֮ѾԳΪǺ쾳еٮٮˡ
ʱֵ˲ŷֽԼˣղżٳ֣ɵԼˡ
æյһݸߵŭȵ갴ɽTMDλǴǴգȥվԼλá
ҶæҾװŵֳָָ˿˹ȥһл֮Ҫ˵Ρ
ôˣǲ淢ʲô飿һ԰ֵ˼ʵ
ʱҶѾ˵ǰе᳤ٿȻǰ㡭
㡭ۼԼͻȻԼ֣̼ȴҶסѨȻһ
Ҷһѳںָ֮ԭͣȻЦλ̨˵ˣȷǳ˵顭
һؿǰϮߣϵľ˱仯ԭϤٿȻİġ
ҶЦźˣһԵʬ壬ƹˣҴϵĳӡʱѾ˶֣ԷƹǣⳡѾ˲ݵĵز
ҶһݣιȥҲ˽˵ط˦˹ȥļһҲһ


076 װ
һͰˮȥǸεĿҲת
һţϵȫżдˡǶˡף㶼Ŀ׺ݵضҶ
ʣǴ𡣴ˣȥҲ⣬Ҳȥǲش𣡺ٺ٣ǲȥұ֤Ҷ˵֮ɨһ飬˵Ӧҵ˼ˣʡ˭˭ģһ˶ˣ㿴ҺܳϿңһ¸⣬ˣǾͿԻȥҪŴоͻǣӦ֪Լ˵λãӦÿжҵĽҪǾǵٶҪ졭
ҶԷֱӵ㿪˵ѨʾԷش
ݸߵֱӺ˵С쵰ǣ㲻
Ҷȥ͵˶ԷѨֳһ࣬ؽԷ˳ݸߵ˻ʹΪҶѨֻܷ˻˻ۼѪ棬¶ȴӲһʹ߶ҲвһҶߣŵɫ԰ףҪʹĻæȥ
İֵЩɫ˵֪˭ôǷߣҲǿһ
Ҷһν˵ǲ֪˭Բ̵ǷСɫ˵ϻġҲ⣬ɼΣʹ
Ҷ˵⻰һһ㣬ǷסѨ˶ԷĶ䡣
ʹҪ۾ö࣬ȻʮֺˣεٲҶ˵ϻֱӽǡˣȡҴ˵Ȼƹ˲ɱĳֻǸƹǣݹģԲŻᱻڡ

յģԲģƹҵѵΪϾûô
˶ˣͷ˭
һʮ֣ɡɥ̫ꡯͳ죬ͬеĻСޡ¬﷽͡ǯзлϣĶǺ֡
شĺܺã
Ҷ˶ԷѨĳȣ
TMDĦġ̫ꡱϻ̫ꡱ־ɥ̫ꡱգ̫ꡱ콡׷̫ꡱ̫ꡱ֮ۡǰڡɽׯѾʶˡ̫ꡱ콡ķɣ˸ɥ̫ꡱգáޡ¬﷽͡ǯзлֵлһڵĸ֣ԲҶܹԿĸ֡
Ħ˾սԼڱصãôӸҹƹĴֻʱյô׼ȷڽȻȥһ̶֡

Ǹ
ȻǱǸߵģʮ𼱵ٻߣѲдɡ
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ެǸﲼɣյȻǿдһگģͬ⣬Ҳͬ⣬ӵ⣬گ鶼Ūˣ˿ɶȥˡԡΪˣҪҶʬεģµҶ˾ѾƣһʱעˡʥءһϣȻü޵вԺ󣬴ʱΣͷźڲ
ҶԼ޴ֵ˵ĻѨһû߰˸ʱǸת
ҶɱǲɱɱʧȥˣҶСɫɱ벻ɱ塣
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ãɱһǲƹֱϵǡ
ԭЪ˹е˳ԾؿŴӱ̴һôҲ벻ڵ״
㣬ʲôд˳Ծؿ½ԼˣȻһͬŴ˸Դ㶼ȻűԼˡ
Ĵ־ҲһԵı飬֮˵ѷ֣˻Աȥ
ǹ
Ҷ˽һϣһֱվһˣ¾ǰһһһֱ̣һбնֱеҶ
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ҶûдͶԷƴʽֻ׵һŵСȡ˵
ҶᶶһеľֽѾϸܵƣϾʲôƷָὣʹã޺ýϣ׽Ū顣
һУոеҶУͷʱƹ˻һؿԼֻժ¶Ŀ˵ˣҰ
Ҷӣ
һǴصչ˵Ҷӣ˾һҪ˹
ҶæֹԷ춯ȵУסǸϽȥգǱεԼˣǾǾ͸Ͻսǲ̫ʺϡ


077 й
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ǡɥ̫ꡱգãĺɫĮһ飬һĵİ
αжҪԭǸڼΪĻҪĦԼӣϾҶĿ֮Ժ쾳ɱ꣬ûǴĶ档
Լӡźگ˭͵ȥǱ˭ˣûͷ飬Ҷֻܵɣûȷе֤˵Ƕ֣γΪĦض֮⣬֮УȷϡگӡǷҶ˵С
Աߣֶδ鹧˳ȴηɫһǡˡǯзл
ǯзлΪ桰Ĵӻμӡᡱû͵Ϯˣšެ⡰گӡŶһʧʶ˳ͽ䣬˰ٺ»θ桰ɥ̫ꡱǰΪĦ棬ͬʱСүġ
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˵һ֣һâٿȻɳʱ㵽绨еǰٶȾȻǰδеĿٺ绨вɵóһʱдȰǰôֹ쵰ĸǰƽɫĵɫâײһ
ʱһ̼ͣÿ˵ǰĦɵĻ죬һϢʱ֮󣬺Ȼһ죬绨бԷһ˴֮ڣ¡¡ֱβҴ͵һקһ˲˹غ«ҳһš
ľ̴ٵط˻ȥȻҲûԤϵԼ˿ٶһȻԷ
ǰԷȻƱĺǱԷȻܹһϢʱ䣬Ҳȫп֮ĳлǸϸƤǿ׳֤˶ԷпĳΪΪ͵ӡ
һԹսҶǾȣΪؿղźճֲǵţһöһİֻǶԷľٶȣȫԷͷŸַԼġָͨòڸϹЮҶȣȴԼĪġ
ҶԵһɵðһйȻ˼ҲԼġָͨҲԴﵽЧȻԼûֵǿᣬϾԼӦòȶԷڵĸֲ٣Լ磬ɱҲӦòС
׷ȥɱ¬Ϊ籨ʱָγһ͵ڣͬ˫ذһŴеĴ󶴳˹ȥ
ҶͬһӦһݵض¬ĺģҪȥ䲻͸
ٿȻһĸݺոȳȥĦ׵ʺðѪȻ˶ֶϽţ֮󣬲
ĺһǳЦ˴յƶ֮ȻЦǸ·ͨ

¬һǸڸ֣еڸͨͬͷ󡢷أһȥƴ
ĺһг֮סĦ˵ȥ·
¬˵ڶֶ˹ȥɫЮڣͷͬٽǴХƫƫˣһڷѾ㲻ǰˣĿŵĹѾֺ޹ϵ
¬ڳ֣ȴǺͣǰ壬֣ĺ㼲̹ȥ


078 ս
ǰ¬󣬺һеӣžƵķչ
ǯзлһı飬Ѱ٣ΪļУǸɵĳʿǶԷвֱڣҲûзֶԷټʸ־Ҫɱ˶ԷλѱлȽꡣ
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ʱĺǰöشӭһʺһظͣ¬׺һֻӣһ˫ذһİ׷ڷ֮󣬾ٶȲδ϶ٵĳɱ
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˶Էǰķô
Ȼǡ
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ԭ绨ĴȳֵͬʱһԹսĺձ֪ʵԼ֮ǿȻ˿ʱڱǰԮ֡˲жϣеʵǸὣֵĻһпܶ¬в
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һöڳлȥһöջ˺˦ö롭
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Ƕȼյɫõ壬Ӧ֮಻ɫ谭ش¬ŰرĦȺУľʮ׵ľ룬ʮĦֱһ׵¬һ㣬ʮٿȻò


079 ޿
ĺýɫõ壬ŵɲǡ
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һÿֳö룬ۼҶлһ𣬱㽫Ŀ꼯ĺ绨еϣһȣöŵɫٿȻ
ԺշȻֵһĺɫһţվһţ׼ĸ룬ΪЩٶȣڶʮײľϣҪȫܿȫܵˡ
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Ҷһѳסĺ绨ĸ첲ȵ£
ͬʱͬʱ⣬һͬ˹һ壬¡һװƿһ󶴣ͬʱ׹˴װһ㣬䲻ݷģͷ֮ڶһͷϵĴշ·𱻸ǹɨһ㣬ɫĸ긲ǣձĿǣ˶Ĵ屻ѡ
ɥ̫ꡱյŭһ˴գҶ˵λõҲȥѰǵľλãֻ뷢йɱҪػ۵еĸϣع򴬲գڼ֮䣬öĸЮŷ˳ȥ̶ֳ֣ȵģʱҲǳܲġ
ںҰڵĶȫ֮ϡõĴβѾʼˮͣĹƣϢĿǰ˺ϡõĴ壬ڿ̬¶Ц
Զһҿ촬ٷɳ۶޼ɵЦ֮ʱһߵХһɫӰӴӿ촬ϷŽϲĲˣɳ۶
ɫٿȻ䣬档
ֻһë̤˱۶׹Ƭ̹ȻƲĴ壬ûκĴգһɱȻ𣬳ź˵ãúãĦ빫Ȼð֮踣ɱʹĦһ˻ϣƹ⽭ϴˣ
üԡüӰǱˣǱǸȥƹ˽ȻȻղԵĽȻϻʱ򣬾ȻֹĦһĴɱۼһʿѾûһڡ
ȻбȻϧһдۣĦϲΪƹʹټ׵ַȨ
ֻԸճĺվȻ¶һ˿мɫ۽Ƴ˽ȻһۣȻ˵Ҫµİ׵֣ǲЩأǺĳ˿㣬ֻƹȫ˰ɣ
Ȼͷһ𣬾ŭʲô˼


080 Ԥı
ʲô˼Ϊкŵ˵ӺβԺƬ̣֮ͬأԳһЩڶٶͬôһͬ㽪ǷΪأ
Ȼһ»عˣȴʱ֮ϣԼĿ촬֮⣬ԶȻΧΦ޴Ӱ㿣ָָ㡣ܼԭֻΪߴ϶̫˴Աע⣬ʱָĻ棬ȻвףŭһٿȻ˵ɱ㣬ʲ٣
߳Уһ𣬳ʱɶţɲǼѹХС
Ȼɽ֮󣬵һΰνˡ
ΪԼʧǧһСʹⲻ⣬ȻԼķߺޡԵ˵ĳӣѾԸӵĵز
ʣһ
ǽХУҲǽϲƵȻγɵĿҷ硣
ԭλȻ֮һߣΪԷδľ磬ڶԷνʵɲǣɫٿȻ䣬ΪԷĽУΪԷγǰѽ
ƹǸȻɹ񽣣ϻ͡˪ᰡʱֵľƹ񽣡᰽
һ
ǧɫоɿᰣϯ򴬼װϵĦ֡
ȻѾʧڿ֮Уռֻܿ˸ɫâпɼһ˳ΣԼУﲻСõĸо
Ȼ޳֣Ȼ飡
ԡᰡȻдܣǰκãǰϰٵɫɣҪǿз
ڴʱдһȣ
ס֣
ͬʱռٿȻᣬǦԭɫͬһ׷׹棬鲻
âֹ
Ȼ֮һĽȻ¶Σͤͤһֳֽһ󽣾¶ŭ֮ɫٿȻͷ֮С
ƿ֮Ӱ٣ӯ˲ƵĴװϡ
һŭȵСΪβױɱѵ᰽Ǹɱ޹ô
˵֮һѹ˽ȻĹһϵ̬ȻԼΪԸ
ֻλһ׷ͯաءһɷǷ緶ߣƺ̲ܶ΢ЦѺöõţ۲죬ᷢ۾¶һ˪ĳţ⣬ʱһذ׵ߣᷢƵģˣǿƣɴ֤˵书ѾڴԲ磬Ҳǰ벽ľ磬֮ɥ̫ꡱյھҪһ㣬ֲÿѹƶĽȻɼһߡ
תšɥ̫ꡱչһǸȻ˵Ϸ٣ú̫ίˣọ̇̄ܽϷƹ̫ǸſͬΪͬϣܶຣ
ȻһЦʾ޷
ʲô
Ȼ˪飬ʱûðɣʣʦ˵ЩʲôԷǺڵ棬ˣڸǿҴɱ׵ʹιȴǸ
λҵֱ⽪ȻߣȻƹĳϣιʦ֣ԪˡԪաһֳ֮ˣȴǷǸĴˊš
ʱԪճͷѵͬź󱲣Ϊ˵ĊȻ淺ЦȻվһԿźϷ
ƹţСµһȫš֮ƵΪϲö飬һ磬һԼͬƺΪǡö֮ȫûἰˡʱԪֱ֤λԪնԼʦεĲˡ
ʵҲˣƹšɢˡڻħʥ֮󣬱Ҳ֮λ˶ͽǴͽܵĸԪգһֱøԪչڻƹ䲻ʡͬʦֵķϣҲһֱԸԪչмӣƽ΢ҲֻЦЦѣֻ벻һƬģȻԷ䱾վȻȻ֧Ħɱʹǧδй顣
ͽסڣ׷ͯյĸԪջͷȻŭһ˫ϢĿȵȻΪƹʹѡ顮ʹʸ񣬵ʱѾƹѾΪϷΪ£ѵ㻹򣿡
ȻŭЦʵˡʦֶ֪ʦ˵ʲô˼
֪˵ʲô˼ߺߣҿǹ֪ɣԪɫɭȻسŽȻ˹ȻһС᰽ԪɫһͣЩ˼ɵؿ˱һۣиŭһ㣬ȻΪƹʹȴԹ֮ͽʹΪʹԴﵽԼ˽Ŀ˰ɡ
ȻȻƹʹ˵׻ֻһʮͷСγܵݺһʱ̣Ҫڲ⣬ԶļҴȻ˽ǰֻһҴϴһܾԩƹΪԩ
ԪλͬڴˣϷƹԪգλλԩͬǲȻƹĲǣ֮ͽҲϳͲ
һ仰˵꣬ԱߵĽȻŭ˱ͬɽһɨΧĴֻеѾֻɱˣһȻ
¹ʣǱɱʹ򵥣ԷԤıĿĳǴɱʹĿֱָƹţԼʦ
ǰϴĸʦⳡıĺ֮һĿֻʵԼĴ󣬽ʩѹʦţʦ̨ȻԼƹŵıڱ֡
ȻȻԱ߾紦ӵĊһۣһǰǸݾȴҰĲķǸ׿󡭡
Φ޴ΧƹԭΦΧ˵УԷĴ߹Φ׶࣬ƹĴΧڵʵʵԷĴװͷӿÿҴʮˣϰ˳ڽȻܣһӸµ̬䶢·ĽȻ
һһͷϳֵӰȻԽԽ³
Сչ󣬾̫š׿ϡҾƽϡŰʯ챦ݡΰԳɣϽɣ㶼ǽڶڵȻ棬ڵɣһ⣬ǵǼۺ񣬶һٵظǸЩϵ⻹вֵİͷĿԵ͵СͰɣϰ١
ЩУȻȻĴͷƺⲻɵһ


081 
ǰļλУǸǧ˿ƵϵδҲǸйʲôܵǣôʱƺأ
Ȼвɵһʱ档
λĻǿ׳䣬ֻǳĸԣЩӳϴźЦݣ˼˿ֵ̼ĺ֮ɫһЩɱϵĽȣͿֻʮ塢䣬ʵֻѾ˰ʮꡣ
ʱһƬ֮Ц֮ɫ俴ŵµĹԮĽȻƺ֮ŮһĽɫڽ£ܹǱ̬һ
ȻͬɽһĳţЩ˾ȻʱԼѣȻΪŸԪյĳֶ޿֣ΪûиԪգǴ˾ٱǹȻƹͬ°׵ս˸Ԫ֮αͬǰ飬˽ȻԪ֮ìܣƹڲļ£ֻʷᣬƷͷĽȺ۶ѡ
ˡԪϵɫΣֻ˴̼Ѽһ˷ظղλͬ˵
ڴˣ
һ޴Ӱһղźԩ¶ԼΣȻüͷһ壬벻˾ȻĦСү𣬶ԣ̫ꡱ콡
Ȼһ벻֮ӻҳ˵ǰŵ˼㡣
վھ޴֮ϣӴˣһƵı飬˵Ħ𣬼Ҹڴ˺λǰҵԩλǰ壬Ϊҵ
кԩ뽲Ԫȵ࣬һ̬ȡ
һΧ״ȺУһ˴ŵиڴˣӢ֤Ȼһ
ȻȻƹȥ˵֮ѾȫȺ֮󣬿ףŵǰĺȻǡչ󣬵Ȼ֪˲ָʹų˵ġ
ˣǰƹҲ֮ϡ
˵öԣ
úã

һＤǧˣܵȺͬ黹δìͷѷ׷ָ˽ȻƹΪиԪڴˣͷȻǶŽȻ
ȻЦһֻۿǰ־νУԷԱȻһģԼα粵ʲôô
λλ黹δ֮ǰǷ̬ӦԹΪĪҪأһȵ𣬾ǳĴͷƺĿС
ƺȻʮ֮һ˵УΪȻɱƺ˵ķأһ˵ѹѹ
ƺŽȻչЦ֣Ϸ£ʷᣬ۽ΣϷ֤û˸ҶһͷֻǴ漰ʹҲϵ֣¹شϷ򲻵òأӾʵǡ
ƺһ˵˻ѾԱŽȻİȫȻҲǲҶԽȻôһȺɫȻòÿŊź͸ԪҲˮмΪ
ֻһƺڽȻõѱ棬Ⱥ˵ôһ˵ڡѵƺʷᣬֹô
ô˵ȻԭɶһЩΧУǲеԼǹ¾սˡ
һҲΪƣƺͲ˵ļƻ֮ڣоۻᣬʮľȻͬһ¥ƺŴ£ȻҪֱƹ£Ȼָͬûа취ָΧֻҪһͬǰ
ʱƺѹȺ۵Ĺ룬ŵͷ۽Ƴ˻һۣ˵ˣӽкԩ˰ɡ
һۣһţʶػر˶Է񣬵һ·žһЦеʱһ׳˵Ȼˣ㽫νʹĳһһڰɡһ桮ʹҶˣ°ܻƷвˣΪʹȻ֮Сɽׯ֮£ĦȻҹ͵ҲƲûƽ鱦°֮ޣиĦǧѰġ쾧顯һöֵǣһͬȥʵɶ񡭡
ȺʱһƬȻ
Ǯ֮ЩһǶǮһôأǡ쾧顱ȫͬˣǶΣӱеľ߲ԸͨƷҪ̶ȾǽǮԱ⣬ǱԴı
˻ǵ棿ԪճʣĹâһš
ʵʱڶ֤֮ͬУĿãһԣ
˵ĵȷʵǵȷʧôǮҲˡ쾧顱ȴرܿ˶ʧҪƷĲگӡšⶫǲڻǰ¶ġܰ绨˵пѾڻʵүӵİ֮ϣϾǻ֮£ϲδд˴ԡ
Ÿ˵л˵ҶΪ˶áᡯĹھȻͬʹ¶֣ҲҶֵͬˣ͵ϮֽˣʹҲܲȡˡᡯھ¡ǧȷзǸӿ֤ǊȣҲ˶֣˿֮ͽȡáʹ֮λأ
µ档Ԫջʵ
ŵ̾һ˵ԾʵȷǾ˵ĻӣǷǡʹҶȴǲö֪Ͼ֮ǰҶͻ˫䣬Ӹ±Ҷʹɱ
ԪնȻȵʲô֮ͬ书Ȼʹɱֽɱʲô˲˱壿ô׵ֵĴΪ˾ġʹ
Ԫպ͊һһͣؾᣬȫѾҶһŰ㣵ԴָȻıģӰ䱳ܡ
ԪתȻ˵ͽ㻹ʲô˵
Ȼ俴˶ԷһۣٴοеɫĻһۣȻʵʲôʱĦ˰׵ɵأ
Ϸ֮ɫһţ˵Ҹй˳֮͢⣬֮Уǵõӵĵ㻯ǰѾڸ͢Њ֣λ֤ͬ
ȺһƬ֮
ȻȻЦŶԭǰľֲû˵ּⷽ͢⣬ҲûƵĴšҵͦλŵģλͬϢͨĦͶϵ飬Ȼȳ֪͢Ħ֮ĹϵԴԶλǱȳ͢ȨȻڳּ͢û´֮ǰĦ׵ɵĵλλּ͢⻹ȲĦƤһඣ
Ȼһ߶һҡ


082 ͼذ
ȻŴɶɱҪڵϵϵ˽½Уһڵ͢ĸ߶ȣЩˡڵǲ͢ϵϵ˵࣬˵Ǿı
֮⣬ȻĻﻰⶼ͸¶һ˼Ǿǽ£ЩԤıѾõ飬żȻǰЩԤƹȻִɱʹȻϯǽƵƹĶ棬ζǹȻƹΪеġ
Ⱥ۵ȻɵӣǳĦйᣬ˵ͻᱻ͢˾ޣǵˡ̼ࡱ̫ĻЩ˲¹ͷʲô¶ɵóġ
Ϊ׵ϡ
ܵǸ룬ǰ֤ġ
˵̧Ǹ֤ƿ֤Լףȴ֪һȴ¶˷ǸΪĻ߻ߵʵ
ԭĻ֯ôˣǷǸˡ
ص˵֮һۣŵ˻æȺУҲ֪Լ˵˻
ȻȻͫٿһŵôδйıʵⳡɱʹжǲ߻ģ
ֻǴʱԽȻʣδ𻰣Ԫȴüһᣬŭ˵󵨣кʱеĹأôʦ˵ôߣеԽԽûˣ̵ĺͽܣȻ˲ѳ
ȻͷҲأֻǰĿⶨطˊŵϣԸԪյĺǳȫǡ
ȻͬһĿ⣬淺ɫһίģ˵Īᣬ˼ҷǸ޹ءСֻǵõϢ˵ΪЩ̫˼ɣͬʦۣͬһΪе壬ҪἸ飬Ȱܹع;СǵǵĻ˵Ĺ֣˽ģ֤ͬʱҲǰŽ˵仰ҵһأԩˣ
ϢߺߣֻǷǸɢϢɣ
ǴƹҷǸô̬ȶȻһ䣬ĿҲٿȻֱŽȻһ
ʱԪĻٴ˵ӲҪᣬͽʲôʸƹԼ£ƹܴܹתȻɭȻȵͽӵǸ
Ԫǳ⽪ȻȻȻֺֻǴʱתͷͷȻŸԪգʵô˵ʦҲзݲඣ
ԪʱŭȵˣȻʱ㻹֪򣬹Ҷ˵ѡʹ鷸˴ɣָͬѵϴ𣿡
ϴȻ˫Ŀ࣬ЦǶɱʹʱʦ㲻άƹȨȻЩͽϴǣûд
󵨣ѡġʹ°ܻǽ࣬ûʸ񣡡Ԫȵ
ûʸ˵㣬ҲƹʹȻȷϸЩò̫ǹڵý;ڲˣɱʹ޿ˡ
ĦôΪֻ
ĦǺڵаͽ˾֪˵ǰ׵ɣ֤أóּ͢ң˵ǵǮơ֤أңûУûУǿտڰ֤ݣΪһں浱ɽԺ޼ô㵱еİ׵׷ɱǼٵĲɣĦ֪ƹġʹȻɱ㵱ƹĲɣ˵Ҷɵ㣬Ϊβܻ׽ǶţȴҪɱ㵱ӢɵĲɣͬƹʲôⲻɵġʹĺʲôѵĺҲҶͬﲻɣǶ˶֣㲻Ǵɱʹô
ȻڴʱĦ뻹δʽתĿյ׷ʹƵʾ䣬ڳİ֮ĵѣΪǿ˽ȻĲݵ̬Ȼֻⳡĺ㲻ֹͣ
һʱ֮䣬Щ޼ɵİ֮ǣȻĿüȲ
˵ƺ֧㣡ƺͻȻ֮䷢ɵԱɱٿȻѹȥ
ƺĹͲ˵ˣԲľ磬ҲǸԪһȣΧĵ̣ҪǸƺȫ⼸λҿɲұ֤ȫˡ˵ģƺɲǶǰڵɶľӢ֣ڵĻߣӶٶڸֻ֣һҵʵҵܺ͡û
ƺؼʱķÊź͸Ԫ̣ĦһɱĴ㡣
ƺͻȻĳ֣ԭƻĊŵ˵ļƻпȫգ֮ŰʮС֮ˣ׳֡ʱһ˳֣ƺȫûֹġ
˾ǸԪա
Ԫճ֣ƹļ£ƺֹ˶ԽȻ֣ȴûʸֹԪճͽԼ
Ȼ뵽˴˵Ċһʾһ¸ԪգͷҲ˾֪˶Բߡ
Ԫճ̾һŽȻ˵ȻʦֶȻִԲǾݹʦˡҪġ᰽ƹӡţɽúụ̀ܽΪΪͬ
Ԫ˵꣬Ų̤ǰҪ֡
ȻٴУ벻鵽󣬾ȻԼͬʦ֣ƹǾɥǹ½ȡЦصˡ
ȻάʦҲ֪Ԫô꣬һУȻǾڣԼȫûʤ㣬ʦԴ᰽ƹټ׵ֵӡţԪյС
ǿԷӡţǲڸԪС׵ӡˣټһζĳһɵԪУڸ֮бġܸ֡Ἧӡŵĵǲһǡʮɡ֮һɣԷҲǰ׵Ҳ޻ɡ
ʱƹֹҲֹ˵ġ
˵ոսȻ֮ǿӲĴЩɱʹİɣΪһö׵ܸ֡ӡšöӡŻδ㱻ߣһˡ
ңȻŭȵ
кβңԪմЦӦ
Զװϵƺɫأ֪ԼѾùˣƹļ£ԼǷҪֵĻȻ˷Ǹ󣬶ͬʱҲ˰ƹʱƺڽϿɾͲôûˡ
ۼԪնڼƺȺУͻȻһĹǻ󣬵ȴƬ̱㴫ȫ
ѽѽ˵⼸ԪնɽûʲôҾһֱţϧһֱûл֤ȻҸ¶ˡ˭˵Ԫûгأ￴Ĳ˵Ƥǳ̫Ϊһ벽ĸ֣ȻһСѾͷֱ֣֪ܣƤֱǺɽ


083 
ڼĸԪգΪƹϣδܵáʱɫ߷ŭȵʲôˣ
һǸԪɫ䣬ƺҲǴһϾϲ֮ɫһţæ̽
Ⱥҷֿ¶һСɱСͷһӣﻹһ̳ӣʺɫƣôֱӵͣͬţҪж
һСͷƺʱϲǰΪԭϸѵˣСܵģΪûиϴֻء
ͷٺһЦСӵ߯Сҿ˼Ҫٲû׼ʹùˣ
ƺɫһ죬ΨΨŵŵڨЦѡ
Сͷǰվ˴װϣۿ˵µĸԪһۣ˵ôţƤĸڣǵϷô
Ԫմһ￩һ£ﰡѽһɫٿȻ䡣
㣬㡭ǡ
Ԫտ˾ȳƺ˹˵ȼòĸɱСͷһ֪ĲӣȻһԷϲȻǰ
˹һЦ
ǰ
¼ߣհͬʱƺ𾴣ֿȡЦƹԪյǰߣܹˣ
ֻСʥ޼
ȺʱһƬȻ֮վڷǸһߵȺ벻⼸Ȳʤȯʱ̣ȻͻȻֵֺһţƼתֱ£ȫʧܵĵز
԰޼ƹܹϵƹȫ˵ùȥϾиֵҲƹڵϡҾȫûйϵʮҪļ£˭б裿
ɫٿȻò԰ףԭȱļƻΪƺĲЩΪ޼ĳֶʧڼ
а޼ŽȻ˭ܿأ
۾һɨܣѸжϳڳĸֻ֣Ħġ̫ꡱ콡ɥ̫ꡱգӡˡԪֲбʤļʣƺΪʤĹؼڵĸ֣һ֮оԵãЩΪȻԷǸΨǴӣΪŶԷǸģһҪΪǸƴȴϼѵ顣
ԥһߵĸԪȴǿûлͷ
Ϊʱ򣬷ǸòԪȴòΪԼҰģѾȫĻ˳ǹظŸɣʱҪǺˣȴľĹԼԪѾ˰ٶ̣꣬Ȼ˳Ͳͷڹһ˻ȥ
ۼ޼ԶԼ뽪ȻĽԪһݣ͵سŽȻ˳ȥҪڰ޼ԮȻ֮ǰԼ¡
ԪͻȻѣһǣȫҲǾ
ҪȻֹ
ڊУԪʵ̫ˣʱıʧܣ˷Ǹ֧֣Ҳҽأܵ˷ǸӻĸԪգֻҪţвƹڲĻᣬļֵȻ֣ǽìܼһȻʲô˺ɱǿԵġ
޼ȵͬʱ͵طռ䡰ˡһ죬ƿȻͬһܷɻɹ
ƺΦ޴ٿȻһ٣޼µľųȥ׶Զƺ书ǿҲͻȻı仯Ūöᣬһզصŷɳȥİ޼
֮㵽˸Ԫյͷ֮ϣһХ֮âҫǳɫˮһ֣ڰ޼֮֫ϣ˻һ㣬һźɨȻԪҷɡ
Ȼ֪Ϥ޼Ԫ벻ԷȻѸݣԼ벽ʵȻ޷СٶȲ࣬üֵסԷһţȴȫ࿹
һɫԪձ߷ɳȥȻҽһҵΧΦ޴֮ϣһ˶ĿҴ˴壬һƬװ壬ʮɸǣű˰ա
ʢ޼ڹν׶Σͻûǻ񹦣ȫʣٶȡȫǡʥش֮쾳緽ϰ
͵ؿһУ֪ôźãΪǰһУѾȫԼԤϵĿܣԼķǸڵǲУأ
˻ңʱһȴչֳ˹ϵһ档
֣
ȳǰµĻԭŷǸƹڲʿ֧֣ĦõĻ⵽׵ֵı뵽жôҵıͺμתֱ£ڷǸƹĸԪձ֮Ħɳ˷˼ϵ˵ýȻͻᶯԼеӡţ׵ֶĦĽɱʱݲκãĦѾ·ˣʱᡰӡţɱȻҲϧ
ͬʱɥ̫ꡱͿסһѸ룬֣һƬɫ˰޼ͽȻˣΪ˶Ը޼٣ķΧ㣬ٶȼ죬˲һƬĵ
ͬʱ̫ꡱ콡Ҳ˫֣âЮס˫ͬһֻһ㣬콡ӭͷ䣬޼
Ħ뷽ͻȻ֣޼׼Ͼƹڲì֮Ħ¾ˣһɱʹȻʵĦ˵ȴ׵ֽɱ֮⣬ûκ֡ԣԷһ֡
ֻǳֵĿյԷץرãհ޼Ĺص㣬ɣ䣬ʱյĸ뱬ϮȻҲֹΧ֮ڣ޼ȻΧȻȴȻᱻпΪ˱Ȼİȫ޼ֻԭأӲյļٸ빥ͬʱҲȻҪ콡֮ǿ
ƥո֮ǰ壬Ҫ콡϶֮лʧȥٶƵİ޼
ʱȻԹ˲ϾƺδӦԮʱ򣬺̤һĽ£ȻһƬĺʵװͻȻͬʴһϡմ֮£һ̤˴װ֮ڣϢһ޴Ŀǰβȣ׹ȥ
ͻıúɫȻ䣬ŤתҪ𣬱봬ףͻȻ֮䣬һǿճסԼҪ壬͵һקհи޴ֻؿԼȥ
𡪡
񾢵ʨӺûһҲ
һ̫һɫĹâ֣
һɫõ廨ͬʱǰš
һ˲䣬ԼˣҶԷԼһֱΪѴɱɹ˵ʹǾȻ̣ڽȻȺѹ֮ʱ֧֣ȻԼǰĴװ壬ڹص飬ֻһʱ̲ų֣һ־Ǳɱ֮֡


084 תǬ
ɱңûô򵥣
ͻĹɥ̫ꡱȫԼĻڵھĻˮƽע˲ЩǺ۷ܹƵġ
ɫõҵػ˻֮ϣĦڶ𣬽ŽɫĻ˻֮ϣղܿƵıһɿȻȥ
һ𣬵Ȼû
Ȼڶֵľðϣǳһ˿̵Ц⡣ᶨţɾ֮󣬱ǰ˵ڡ
Ȼ֮䣬ոϵһĺϮϢسһ֧ĵϮݲȵش͸ڲͣĻֱﱳģظܵϴĺ֮ʱĽѾ͸࣬ǰ͸˳һʺѪҺŵС䡭
⣬⡭ܡ
仰ںյȴ¶˳
˫ס˴̹ĳƣֹԷ³Լ࣬ͬʱҲպѪܣֹԼѪ
ڵʵֻҪûбըƬƾǿȻϣֺϵӴ
һߴӺյıſһϮֱӽɳ˴գɵ˼װ֮ϣؿڽŵĳñ͵Ϯ֮Ҳһͬ·˼װ塣
Ȼʧֵĺգڳ˶ǾؿڵһؽͱǸ꣬ڳȺһƬȻ
û˺ϵ콡޼׻ˣ֮ܵʱٴγǰĺգʱĲ״콡͵һ
ʦ֣
콡
ʦܾң
þȻۡһѪӿԼѾȫѲˡ
ΪҶѾ˺յļ֮ϣڤ񹦡֮£ڵĸ֣ҲǿƲסԼҶȥ
ͬƵһ㣬ҶԷڵͨ죬ӴѾղܡ
Ȼ֪ôǳΣգöԷߣһĻҶ߳ȥһţǶʮָ֮ڽȻͰ޼ǰСʥ޼ִڻ˭׳֡
޼һЦȤؿҶͺһۣʮȻصҶǰ绨кĺҲҶ֮ϼװ壬ȻעΧȺۡ
ҶûڻĦֵȺУһȻؿͻȻֵҶˡ
ҶˣҶ͵һ⣬աһ˫߬ŴŵĽ⣬ɫ԰׵ر˰ա
Сң콡Ȼ
󵨣СףǴôӴдܳĸԪգǱŭҶ
Ҷס֣л˵žҶɱ˺գǸԻᱻĦǨŭ˫Խ֮´пɢʱλظԴѾõĸ
Ԫպ̺͊ǳͻȻֵˣȺۣͣвǿţȰسҶҺ
ʱ޼ƺȻһ˵ȣһؿҶξϡ
Ҷǿڹĵ۾һɨһЦȻȵһȺɵƣëֵʥǰûֵľվǿˡ
ҶĻŪð޼ЦԷǣҶľٶȴҲʸԡ
ֻҶԭסռŵ͵ִסյĺԣɿڶԷ󾱴͵һģһۣһ֮ڶյ֮УѪٿȻӿҶ˫һʹյͷһļ˳
Ƶʬ屻Աߵ绨ϰգΪ룬ɫװ塣
߾źյԴ˫۱ȾѪܵҶ쳤Хȵĸ˵ҳ֣³

ҶײַŵȺٿȻܲס۵ؿŻֹ
Ȼ͊ʿ׺ݵַվüȣҲɫ԰ףҶһɾ⡣
ƺоɱϵˣȻǱʣΪˣ¾ڹϿ̰壬ˣӦʱáɼҲˡ
޼Ҷȴһ˿ɫΪĺСӣ̫߽ĽˣһĲֶΣһֲ顣ֻСӻ᲻ΪĽأ
벻ԷȻԼĻ޶ãԼǰɱ˺գһʱߣȵҶ㾹ȻɱͬҷǸĲݣ
ͬϹĹۣĦ빴ެı췴ҵѾػǵ֤ѱϳ͢͢ռƽѣ㻹˵Ħͬƭˣɵǣ
㣬㡭˵ѣҶ˵ػ֮ǵԼһĻţѵ˵ҪǸĻǼٵôǸܹκκڵɣԲı췴ĺڵɣѵĦֻ÷Ǹӻ͢ľô
ѰһԷҶ۶ϣ̧ȥﻹл콡Ӱ
ԭһҶ֣Ю˺գб㰵һã֪ͨ콡һڼŵڻ£ܵػˡ
콡Ҷɱ˺գȻŭɶҲѾ֪²Ϊ壬Ҳ˳ȥͽʮĦĸ˵ע
ִ󲿷ֶͶ·ͶЧĺڵ޿ܣҲϧ
ȵʱŷֻ콡Ѿ˵ʱ򣬷֪´пģһãĦı췴ĸެᣬԼǸҲ䲻˺ãͬʱ飬в߶Ʋˡ
ѾηǱӣҿôͽ飿Ҷȣ˷쳣һһָΧȺۣ㣬㣬㣬ĸղŲǺܲҸǣǵӶסˣˣһܣ棬ı췴ҿǶͬг͢˾ûУҶŴӻѵ곯͢Ѧ˳±ȻûУǳ͢ʹǣм˾̽ǵһһȫϱֻ͢һǣǣ塪
Ҷƭһ£Щ֪;ִǣһŵɫɷף࣬Ȼͨ죬һƬеСļһǰʹһڣͨһεڵء
׷Ǹ󣬶Ϊȡô÷Ǹĺӡֻû뵽վȻ˾أһǊźͱķǸ޵


085 ɱ
ȻЩȻؿҶͻȻˣåȻ֪˵ĻȫȻţΧȺ۳ԱģȻмΪ
а޼Ĵͷƺ֮ûеʲôûеӺһ䡰족
ܵȺ֧ӦҶø޼ɵŽŴһȺɵƣ˼ŵǹʹⲻ֪˼ݶôֻҪǳ췴͢Ҳ˼Ҳôǣ˳͢ƹ׵֣ҿô죿Ǳ
Ҷӿ»£ҵֻвƽһ֤ȻⱻãĦͬıĦ빫Ȼ췴ҳһŹʱԴ˵ģǳչ˲һڣۿ⹴棬ı췴ñӾҪʵɵ硣
ֻǿģʶĦˡ
ǣ˭ѹͲ֪
ĦҪ췴Գɶģ

һеӷģһƬķ֮
ҶЦƨ˵ʶͲʶӾ˵һġ
㣬Ҫ
ǲǸ͢˵ȥֻǾʵϱ
͢
͢ǰѪƽʱ̫٣ûнһ£Ǵʱ˳͢ǴӳõطǸµĲðһƤǡ͢ξ߸̼͡ࡱ˾ˡ
뵽ԼҺһʱ֮Ⱥ鼤ܣҶָѣƫƫҶһ¿ˮ̵ӣȺ۰Ѳ磬֪Ǻá
λ԰꣡ʱ˵ǸĴ˾ܷ绪ʱȻһƣ̬Ŭ򶨣˵˼֮£ǹҶ˵ǱŵΣҊС˲ԣ˼˵ľٶȫŵĴŴ˷תʦţȻǱĻͬʱľҲʵϱ͢͢ãλģ͢λġ
ŴǸͷ˽дɵھһΡ
£ƾǸĽݣܹƲ壬͢ǵֵλҲΪѣзǸͷЩͷǵķŷŽ˶
Ҷһ治ȥˣɵһ˵ǰǰɣǸ˲𣬶˳͢ˣߺߣ²ջʸҪ׿ˡ
͵صҶɱ㡣
ҲһԵӿҶ֪ôǸŸʲô˼ѵֻΪԼ潪Ȼͷô
ĺںʹҶһ£ʾȱҪôǸ
ҶȴسŊţһҲʾ
Ϊϵ飬зǸ֧Ľ÷ѩĽĺ⣬ҶͶԷǸ޺øУټϽǸ󰵵ĦЭԷ˶Լһʹɱ֣Ҷŭã޿̡
TMDһǣʱڶúһ¶Է
Ļһסġһһٵػ˵
Ǽǲסҿ԰ϣ
Ǻɣűʣ溮˪ɱơ
Ҷʾν֣ã绨иǴһᣬҪȥһıǵ
ʲʲô
ȺһﾹȻҳŷǸĴ˶֣
ΧȺɵۣ벻ʹľƢȻô𱬣ǿÿԣϵġʹѾʵʶǲãֻܱܻһģжԶԶ
ɾһλǰ;֣δ֪᲻ᱻΪлһ˿η塣
ǻ쵰åǲǵåҶĽTMDһȥʥءһܻ꣬ܲŻ֪˭ңҶǳԲˡߡ
˫ŵĽž£ȻһٿȻм䣬ŊŵȻ˵ӻذɣ飬СŮӱȻϱʦȵǸʱ򣬻늬ӲҪǽ˵ĻСŮһһѡ
Ȼһƹ׷Źµ̬ȣҲÊһ֪ԼûаʦŽҪ£۸Ԫձ¶Ħʧ󽫣޹ʦгͽ䴦£ΪάƹĹϵǰЩ֮һ˵Լͳ򣬱һ¼ĺڹ
Լ³֪
ҲΪǸĽˡڵλһǧɣпܱ߳ţţձĳΪһƷͳȥһǶԷС檣һĲǼŮһ鸾
ԽȻĻͻȻʧȴԵһЦˣùļ١
˵һתŸԪ˵뵽Ǹһ𡣡˵Ҳ˴һкߡ
Ԫңɨ˳һۣҶͰ޼ºתȥ
ƹҲһȥĵطˡ
ôô绨ʵѾͷ˵仰ϲߵѻƴ
Ȼ̾ϢϾСŮӵʦ֮ͥ£˵Ķƹ
ǹƨӡ绨ֹһ䣬˵
һԵİ޼Ц˵е˼⹷ƨӣ˼ƹܳΪȻɣ˼ֻܻ
Χ۵ʿǸѾˣȻҾ׷׿ȥƺ֣ĦȫѺֶ֣Щ˵ֿ˼£Ѿ׷־ܡ֪ԼҵһҲңĦ졣
ƺȻЦкȻƼݵĴϣƹΦѾ鲻Լ
һɨȻƹ˻Ȼʹɱ֣֮ǰԴƹˣδȫɱбסѨˣȻ˶ںյĹ±һ˻лҶµԱǲеĴˡ
ȵһг䶨֮ҶЦɨһۣƺ˵лڴ󽫾м
ڴ󽫾
ƺ΢ϴ֮ٿȻһɾþɳ綸ȻɢΪ򶫽ƺؿҶид˵һ䡮ڴ󽫾Ϸûôƺˣİ˺öడ̾һɱһҶЦһ˵ǽҴͷɣǺǣֵǶôƺҲôаɡҶСѺֶΣоɱϵķ緶СϢȣǷҪϢһ£
˿ҶȻɫ죬ϢȣеԱ˳ŵģ
лͷ佱ȣȷЩϢȣ˵λˡ˵ӵĴ£ֱ֮ڣյȥˡ


086 ԭί
Ҷֻڳ绨֪Щǣһת
ֱҶ˳֮еĽȻŲתͷƺͰ޼ʵȻʦлλǰԮ֣մպƹлֻǲ֪λôϴ£
ƺЦǺǵ˵ӿˡ£Ƕ˰ϸϷٽϰ£û뵽ϸ磬֮Խһ˲Ȼ⣬˲̽Ⱥ٣ƤظŹű˻ˮʲô¸Ҷƹû뵽ǾȻΪ˵زȻȻɱʹϷʼδǳڼλСֵܼ࣬ûб˵óѡ
ĺЦҶֵܻǣʱ˼װ²ֿ⣬ǵûˣ˰ǰ
ǰǰ
ȻȻ޼Цڻǰɽɡ
޼ٺһЦ˵ͷôǰͷӸҶСҹĺ͵ƺ˵𡭡
ֻôһ˵˱㲻ɵЦ»˼ɡ
޼һͣ˷֪ԭһհ޼ҶдĺؿеĻأǱӴܣҶĺԲ˵޼Ṧ߾Ūĺ֣ĺ˳Ūĺ¼ɹ֮󣬷ֲ֧ضԻת
ֻͷӲ˵ר·ĴǲߣֱݶϷŲȥģƫƫôһΣżһӦóֵǾƹġˡԪա
޼ڷϿԷһŵΣд棬֮ȼΪʲôӦƹ翷ϱչصϼһôɽϪ
޼˭¼ĽзһŶȥ̽һ˶ʶô᲻̽ס
޼һ̽͸٣ͷ˸ԪɰѹȽȻǼƻΪʱûгϯĦҲûֻ͸Ԫڳ԰޼ҲûϵźĦ뾹Ȼ˴ɱʹĹֻΪǽɵѹ֤øԪᡰ᰽ƹӡš
ǰ޼ȥԼ֮£ԸȻ֧֣ϾԼ⣬ǸͷȻԼһǣƹĴɣٲԼ˼ȥʱ䣬ƺϢ壬벻Щԩ˽Ȼ
µƺӦ˴£ԼҲ鵽Ϊף˲°ʮСɣ׼ƹʦڵѹȣװӲǶ鵱С
ЩȻԸ⣬Ҳް취ϾһƬˮȫΧȻһǵͷߣûʲôùӳԡ
һƺİæ޼ƹĴ֮ʱܲ˵ײֵУԺȲţ֮Ķ޼˼̳ϵȵĺþơⶼǵʱ绨дĺҪģͷ˵ġ
޼ˮƽ¼ϷģһֵָͷԼ㴬Ҷĺ˵ĸ֣Ҳûְܷ޼Ĵڡ
ƽ˾˵ˣȻ봬ȥȻǷǸͷбף³ʲôˣԭܸŽȻǰȥתһ룬Ǹ뽪ȻӦòɣǷǸֱƹսô
оʱȻӦûΣգΣյķڵҴĵصȴ
Ȼֹһ죬ͻȻϮ޼δ棬뿴Ҷ˵ʵ֮⣬Ҫǣ޼֪ĦҪɱʹ£ȻűҪʱԮֵ̬ȻصȴҪĵǳûг֡
ֱҶƿװ壬ײյʱûг֣ĵع۲ķչֱ˶ˣ͵͵ӴβƿƺĴϣǰֶҶˣҪ׳ָ֣ʾһлɳˣ֣Ҫ֤Ȼİȫ
֮飬ǴҶѾ֪ˣҶڹ͵͵װʴΪ±շ֣Դ˼Զû뵽ûüȥǺԼҲù
˽ľ˶ǰһңҪ±޼ײ˵콪ȻǱȻҪԷƳɹģǺǲ롣
ƺ˵ȻʱȥδһʱڣҲܻƽ˾λСҲҪӱСģȫⲻܺӣ󻤷ҸڽǲһӦȫ⣬ȫĳ˵ˡ
Ȼһæл
˹ЩʱͣٺǣҪݵ㣬ṩȫϣȴ׵Ķࡣ
ĺҲ˵ҸҲӦȫӦò⡣
ȻҲˣǾ͸Ǻð졣
ϾͬΪٹƺĺǱ㹻𾴡
ƺ˵˵ҶС֮ʱȻĦܣֱӿ˸ı췴ĴñӹȥöԷ޿ѱ磬֮ʰ
һͷǡ
ʱһֱô˵绨ͻȻڵ˭˵ǺˡĦҪ췴ǵĲǻġӡŶֱȥ͢ˡ
ʲô绨ʦ˻棿ƺٿȻʵ
һŽȻֵܱ㶼绨УӰʳĴ¡
ǧȷҶӻЩɱˣ˵ӦΪʹĦˡ绨˵ʱǼ²⣬Ħˣпǰа̵˷ެ£ֻǸеӾ£
ôҪ飬ô˵Ȼü˵
Ħ䶼ˣɽׯΧţҪ˵ȥǼǺܻ뿪ɽׯ绨л𵱳Σɵŭӿ˵ҪǺֱɽׯλͬһɽħǶû취뿪ĦǿȥɽûֵĻᣬ뿪ġ
Ψһֿܳ콡ͳˣǳ飬ʱûɽׯ֮УǸżܵصʧ˿ʯֿǣûﵽҶˡ
ڵʱˣǺڵ泯͢ͷµλɮֶûа취Ħ˶ԿǸʱҶֻװ֪飬ûа鶶֮ûʸ̩ĳӣһͬתݣŰѶ嶼
ʸ̩ȻСøڻ̫ˣһΣô죿ҰСõİȫи˸ԭǸΣյ
Ȼ޺޵˵ȴһߣ˼ƮһεĻᣬĦļƻȥˡ


087 
Ҷڹĵͣس澭µΪ׽ԵʣûȺ˳򣬶ϵĲͣĥÿеĹذѾɣǴﵽ˳ɵʱҶаͬʱһԴͨ
ҶڵȲôõĹˣȵʹá׽ϸʵˣֱֻաڤ񹦡Ĵ澭·ߣŬ֮ͨǰҩԡİȫøΪͺʹ⣬ܹܾҵʹ
Ҷת쵽С죬ʮʱһǿҵؿڵѨⵤҲһ𲨣ۡ
ҶҲܲס֮ʱ𵴣³һѪϲȴ޷أΪһµĳ֮Уάά澭ȫͨˣҶϵʮ澭ʮҪľȫͨڱ죬ҲеǱߡ
Ҷѹͷϲ˹ȹֱ֮̾󣬷ȫ´ͨľ߳˷䡣
ʱĴֻѾִ˵Ŀĵٺˡ
ڶ൱ص֪ʿ׷׳ӭӣΪģǡ󡱵ʹԪޣʮ塢䣬òΪΰÿ֮˪ףڽ紵£ƮеζĿȴ侲÷·ܶķθһ㣬ʱе㱻ʵζ
Ҷֻɨһۣ㱻ԷɨӹҶ紥׶Էڵĸ֣˼ΪĹ򲻿ֻһ񣬱֮
󡱣ʮڰˣڶһϣǵʿǰأԭԳɹȣʿϮţڸɻʸǲȶԴ˳Ϊ岻ɷָһ֡ԭϵ;ӡԶڵġ󡱣Ϊһʵ׵ɡ
⡰ڻʸкüҪĳжʹǸɱֹ֮ͨ⣬ҪҲЭ̾óϾķᣬҲȱٱҪĿ½ϵóףǮĿݣͬʱҲֲϿĲ㡣
ʱŴӵгƺ֮⣬нȻλȻɵĴˣλ󡱵ʹȻ˺Գӭ
ͷϻ཭ʿҶɵЩᷳΪʹɲΪ˳ͷ⽻ģڸȻк֮Ҷ绨УвϲӦĺ㣬һ뿪ƹţȥƹԤׯӡ
ʥ޼ǰ˰֪֮಻ô˿ĵϢ֮ͷӾȥʲôˣҶἰǸпֵܳĲ²⡣ĳ֣ǽǼһֺƽ١
µõϢѾͨ;ݸ˳͢ƹҶϵɽҲȥһ鱨ͬʱҲ͢еĻʸ̩дһţһж԰ȫΪǧǵС£Ͼ˵צѾ쵽˳֮ˣľٶпĳЩ˵Ĺ
ȻϾǴƹڽϵĴˣ׵֮ĹͨҲҪ֮죬Ҷ˼Ȼ棬ҲûʲôҪˣ˱ׯÿ书Ϥϡ
ֹ˰µʱ䣬ڿĿ书֮Уڳ˼Ҷתһ¼
һ£ǻʸ̩˻š˭еĻļ˭Ǳ볯̽͢ȻûзκεͷĦѾʵү֪ˣ͢ѾӦ֮ߣʵʩ֣չã߸үʸȫϡ
ʸ̩һЩϢҪħʧأԭǵطġ֡Ѧרų˼С飬Ĵѳӵķ䣬صĿҲǷħȸϣֻȸ·˼һȫûټȸҲû˶ħŵϢȫһҹ֮ʧȫʧǵҰС
ûʸ̩еΪţ䲻ɲþĴأħ֮ǰţпܵطչʲôıơֻǻʸ̩۵㣬ڳ֮ϣ˳Ц˼Ļ֮⣬Ȼ֣չҲʾ֧֡
ʸ̩ҲûԹһԼΡΪڳ֧֣ʹŵԤչʸ̩кſʹõĸֶûһʹûʸ̩ڳ͢пһǻѪȴʩչ
Ҷڻʸ̩ļҲǸͬܣԭʮҪһ£ȫ֧֡
΢ϼһ£ʸ̩һš
ҪĪ̫ڳϵΪע档ȸʵүҪһȽʵһְǴоְͿͷĦΪһͷ߸ΣȻڽļһЩ֣Ǯ⣬Ҷֵܼһ̽ձ㹻Ǯļˡ
һûʸ̩Ѱĸ巽İȻʸ̩ĸţҶǵûʸ̩⹫ǼݵĴ壬дԮɲʹãǵöΪ˼ѰЩôԼ⹫ΪԼҲǺɾܰ쵽ġ
һ㣬Ҷ˵ԼǻΪɽĵѰҼĸģֵΣȻһ棬ʱ֮ġø˶Ǳļϸ
дõݳȥû죬Ҷӭһֵø˵¡
ɽڴ˼ˣȻлư֣Ʊ͹ƷɣĸʦֶһͬǰһȫûжУȫԼԻͻ
ĸСӻ˺ۣĻﵹһδԭ;ëؽ٣˿̶ȣ似ĥг
һʱ֮£Ҷָ⼸ʦֶ˼֣Ȼʵս˵ˣӦԼ书˳Ľ
ǱҶԳͣտ书ȻǱɽһģҲѵһõɽĳ飬λܽϸĴʦ½ܹɽͻԴԼ书֮󣬹ȻǺг
Ҷ˼ʦֶһۣ뵽ǰʸ̩ǷţͻȻԽһֱӷԸлưƷɺ֣Ʊ˻ȥʱ򣬲ûɽֱȥ嶼һʸ̩һ֮
лư۶࣬˴ҪһҲǻʸ̩ԮͬʱлưҲһЩٳĹأϣҲЩԡ
Ʒ˾ɱֳھû⣬һЩܹûʸ̩δȻܺСϣһ
֣Ʊ룬ҪҪڳ֮ϣһЩգڽ֣Ʊ书ڻʸ̩Ҳܰæ
ҶȴûȥæĹҪϸڻûңȥô飬ᵢ


088 ʥ
ڲãĴϣơ
ƺʹ֮䣬һֻ࣬ɫ磬ڸ߰ط衣
һŲˣһһسƣкšȻڷԽһҺΰľ޴֮ʱ͵һһײΦ֮ϣǡ
ע㣬ͦõŪϡ飬һզ԰绨дӵ͵ش˳ԹʬƵ˦˦ࡢȫѵĺſſľ˵ӡ
ģûпƺãҶûڵ˦˦֣Լļеʮֵò֣⡾ݺסĹڵһ֮󣬱㼫ѿƾϸҶڵĹʮ֮ڿץ֮ڿ԰ëʮ׵ľ룬ֻǴһֻǸɳˡ
뿪ٺѾаµʱˣʼʱݴ˷ܾѾˣʱһĴ󺣣ͲҶĳȡˡ
ûнɫɳ̲ûиߴ̵ûĻŮ
ֻк
֮ϣ˴󺣣Ǵ󺣡
ԵĶҲܵ㣬㡭
ΪʲôҶ绨ĵشһֻԭˡ
ֻڴƯʮ죬ҶѾһıԵˡĲκεĶġ
ÿǳԷ˯
֪ôƵģһʮȻûУ
ʱҶʮĽĺ㣬Ҫ֪һÿ쿴ͬĶһʮ죬˿仯ûУ˶Щɵմ衣

ҡʥءӭӻߵĴϣ˴Ա֮⣬ֻˣȻƹĴȻٲһʣµıλѡʹ㶼Ǻ֣Ҷ绨Сĺ㣬ǸѡεʹҲУڵȻΪϤһһĳΪأϴʱʼ˱һ֮УڵʵһϴԼķ䵱Уͺٳ֡
λصֱպ󣬽ȻŴõ˴𰸡
ʮ֮һˡԷС͢
ˡֽҶĶ֮ʱҶ֪һεġʥء֮оô׵ˡֻԼ˵ڲ֮䣬޿кϣһʼעڲĲŽᣬˣҲ޷˳ʻϵ
ùҶﰵô룬һתɵЦЦ
Ҷĵڶܡ
Ȼ֪ˡпǸɵԪ֮һʱطĶӣһϲһˡ
лᣬСӻ뿪ʥء
λԼֵ۸ġС񡱡
ڽȻӣҷŹɣֻҪѧùԼһ˾С

մīƴĽܣһдҪµʱ䡣
мĵҶÿ֮⣬ൽ˷ָʱоϡ
ʥءԱҶȤĿꡣ
ʥءҴϣеˮֶͨˣԱʹһ֣ԱһƤ΢΢죬ǰ;ͷСĶʵʮͣǱһЩǰ˵Ĵʮ־η
Ǹŷ˼ûʲôĴٴҶһ˿棬ѵй˵Ļڣɫִô֪ûкأЩ˵ѧάֵʲôϵ
Ƕ
ҶԴʺš
Ȼʾѧϵͳȫ˽ʱҶ㽫ԼĿ׼ǸȺƵĴϡ
ˡ
ɣû
Ҷÿ˴ҵţڴϵīƴЦеؿҶ˽ʮ£ͬʱҲӹҶл¸һľ̳ӡ
󸹱īƴͺԴð͹⣬ٶȼؽС̳ƿοعһڣȻش˸ãðĻҶЦѵҶÿεҴ˰˵ƣֻǲ֪ҶҪõЩʲôأֻһܹӶˮְˡ
ʮҶ͸λīƴƣԴȻǵĺľƽѣԭΪѾƻе˳ڣû뵽ԷľȻһڡյӡ԰׾ơ
ÿһ;ƣҶڳһ˵ӣÿζûпÿ߲ܵīƴֱԺСӵҪʲôԭöµīƴڰԼҲ˼ռ˵ĵزλϴܲסģųѯʣҶĻСӺ«ﵽʲôҩ
ŶԷһڼȥ֮һˮƣҶЦֻǸе棬īƴֻҪ֪һЩʥطϢ
ɲϹأ
ֻһϢǾܡЩǵʥҲ֪ϢֻǰõЩ鱨õ¡
īƴЦЩϷʵؿҶһۣ˵ðɣðɣīƵȷԸװ˶ݣȷԸ˵Щ֪飬ʣȴûش𡭡
ãлˣ
Ҷ˷ܲѣԭҲûŴӡʥءԱܵõκ鱨Է˽ṩһЩϢҲǺջˡ
ȫûбűʤ̬ҶŻ᲻ͣԷ;ƣҲرNPCʲôӦԼҲô̳ӡ
һεʥأǻʲôĶأ
īƴЩĺͷһ£ЦһΪĵһʥʲôطأⱻ˵һʵĸʻߵġ
ʹ
ȻˣҸһѾʮˣ͵߿ɲһҲֹǻߡ
ǡʥءеĸ߶Щʲôأ
ٺ٣ҲشȫΪҿɲϵ壬ҿ˵ǣǻпܻϤ϶Ŷ
硭
磿ǻĵ˺ܶôʮеĺôḻ˿ڣҲζű߽ڶ࣬ŪþǴΪС֪ܱߵ壬ǻ嶼гͻɰǶǱڶֺˡ
ֻܱߵߣɲصģϾ꽻սľ˫֮以˽⣬¹ʡ
ûĶ־ͱȽϿˣΪ֪ԷôƣҲ֪ǵֶλЩ
ûĶأǵѧϵһôҲô
īƴЩؿҶ˵ˣôʲôͬôֻǶӦãνͬˣЧܵȷв𣬵ʶһ
ŶȻһǶֵҲڿ֪ķΧ֮ڣرҲͲõĻرҪرܵĵˡ
˽ҶߵظʧһЩδ֪Ŀ־ɢͬʱԸЩֽսǰ˼Ρ
֪ʲôˣʲô书أ


089 ϵ
ۡǡʥء
绨ɵ÷ĸп˿ûע⵽ΧȺͶЦ֮Ҷѵģ
̺ɳȻɳ̲ȻĴ椣һ˷⣬˲ҶʧУȻǴ绨һ仰Ҷпͨһʵ
µĺУڽҶһڵִĿĵءӴϿʥءΧ㣬඼ߣҲ֪һ޴ĵ죬һδ֪Ĵ½
һκ̣Ϊƫ˺ߣʹеʱӳ˰£Ҷ˵ʱ򣬳Ķջű㣬Ѿͣ˲¼ʮҵԶ޽ҷ죬
ټˣīƴ壡
绨гմģĴۿҶҡ֣ϴʹԱǵҶԸƳóʶ˲ٵĻ顣
ټҶϵܣīƴţľ̳ӣҶ봬ϰʱ򣬽ʣļ̳ӷһһԼľƺ«ͬʱȫ绨еĺϡ
ǵսŶ
ڿ쵽ĿĵصͷϣīƴҹͻȻҵҶһҳдϽҶԸ֮Ҫյ
дŵĶһЩرҪעĹ֮⣬дˡʥءսҪʩֵĵ̣ر֮Щ̵ãļҵˣļҵŪˡ
Щէûжټֵȫ˽ĵطЩɿҶ߲·ʡʱ䡣
֮ȻСʥءĽӴԱҶǰȥǼǡ
ͷ֮󣬱ĽУԶһ˶Ĺ㳡ԱߣһΪΰİɫʯͷǼ˵Ŀĵءʥؼ
ۿڳйģСԸ½ߣصԭסҲǷǳĶ࣬ʱĺмԼĻƷ϶ʳΪ
ɫͷסɫˮ˴۸Ϳڸ
һտ̯ĻҶ˽ᣬᣬ۶ֻ֭Ҫһöҡ
Ҷע˼֡
֮ǰīƴʥءĻϵͨңͨõĻһ޾ƳɵľΪ
ǻң޾˵ãʥءѾﵽ˲ʢĵز￰似
īƴܹ޾˱ƷʱΪĵȣֱΪӡͨͳ
û޾ˣǿ񱩵ģ޵ġҲ޵ֱһ߻ħһֱֻе쾳ǡ龳ĸ֣бպѹеܱ߻ħ
ʥء֮ǡʥءһľϲǣ޾ˣȫû߻ħ⣬ͨеĹȫֱա
޾˵ƷԽߣôԽʹ÷ΧԽ㡣ǷߣҪ޾ˣǽƷʵľɻңȫûбҪ˵˷ѡ
̩µʹ÷Ͳ˵ˣеľѾȫﵽռĵز棬дԵĲƷǱƳ˸ƵĴྦྷˣͨ⹦ȡע롰ҴֶΪԴˡ
Щ˵ġԴˡ֮в֪ʲôĶѶֳͬɫҸѧȼһӰ͸Ļɫʼס̡ࡢơȡ졢ϡһʮƷ
ڡʥءΪġԴˡÿ߷ɵöֵġܡÿһöܡʹóȼ޾ɵģͨעֽܹɫ
ܡãĲ˵ڵɱʱӵһö̺Ӵġܡ൱ڶһ
ΪҪǣһͻΪʱһö̺ӴġܡԿΪṩǿ벻Ϊȱʹʧܵ
ڶΪͨľ˵õĴ඼ǵӺͨƷʵ޾ˣһöҵļֵŸһöҲࡣ
Դְֻܳɫľңɫɫľҡ
īƴ⽻Ҷˡʥء֮󣬵һҪ飬Ƕһ޾ˣҲǹվƷһҪһѧֱǳܡպעĹ
ŹҪԣ˽ˡܡô֮Ѿһ֧鵱ѡļˡΪÿ˶ҪĹ
ֻŹħ̵ġħҶġڤ񹦡Ǵ󷨡ֻڡܡ޷ˡ
ҶǡܡĹбЩֻһԿף𵽴öѡ
ҲĸоҶ˽һδ󵨵ĳԣǾֱħ޾ڵͨһʵ飬Ҷٴ֪Լġڤ񹦡жţơ
Ҷмöȡ޾ˣö׽ڵľˣֻצľˣڵЩֺЩС͵ľˣͱǵˡ
ҶԭΪڤ񹦡ֻǿԽڵͬԼġڤʱҶŷ֣ԭڤ񹦡Ȼ޾еҲͬ似ֻյʱһЩ
Ȼ񹦿ֱ޾ڵġȻҲաܡ֮еġˣҶ˵ɱʡȴ˶һŹĻ
֪Լļö޾ǼƷʣΪ˲ǵĻɣ⼸ö޾еġûбҶգܹգҶҲôΪˡ޾ˣǿ޵ľҲᡰûа취ٴαգҲ͵ʣ˾˱ʧȥ˸ļֵ
ۼԶɫġʥؼҶĴ۾˹㳡һһŵ̵Уһҵſڹŵľϣһ߲ʵˮһʯһ޾ˣɵһ
īƴһһ޾˵̼ң־ͽɫΪƽһǮׯĵط
ҶԼһ뿪ʥؼ֮ĵһгȷ
ǼǮׯԱߣҶҲѸٿ˼Ȼ̵λãаг̼ƻȷֻҪ˼һףǰЩطսƷ롣
ӭλߵĵ
Ҷһ˵ˡʥؼſ֮ʱһʿͷĸŷʿվ̨֮ϣӸµչ¶Լţιߵѯʦҽ죬ջĹأǿֱӳƺΪ죬
Ҷһ۶Էӥӣ͹ĴͷɫӶĻɫЩӢʿ緶


090 ᳡
Ϊ˵ĽȻӯȻһЦλòһ˵ܸ˼𾴵ΪʺãΪ²һεСŮӵΣա
ŶԭһεƹλϣҲǡʥ޼ĺֵܣ벻ϵ˴ܹܵһЩչ˰ɡ
λһЦӼ件䣬Ȼ˵벻ѻǵңǽ˸˵һˡǸϽȥǼǰɣ˰£˷ż
һ˵ţλòһ뽪Ȼͷȥһ·ϻΪ֮ظȻ˵ЦҶһ㿴Աɫø
СӾԸȻһȣTMDϣŷǸˡ
ĵڵѾȫȬֻ͸ФҲϣرšСӥչµצۡ
̺Ӧģԡһɽׯʵõ̺۵ҩ׾١һεĴӰ컹ҵģҴ̺۵еĳԹǳĿĻǻֵܱİɡ
ڲ˱óĬԣϢҲȣԭϢһȡҶأһĶ沢£һĵȴʮֿµġ
һΣҪҪûɵСأ
Ҷתͷһǰ·ĽȻһʱã
ɱڣпܻѾͷɡ
˸ǸͬϣһĽ֮ԭЩµ̼㱻ǰĳ˸ϡá
ƿ׸ӵݻŷĴ֮ʱһɺش˳׼Ҷ˸ͷ
ҿ⼯ĴŵĸЧδҲ̫˰ɣ
һ¥򳡴СĴ֮ڣҺؼȺŨصźζ֮ܲС
мƽأվܣŸʽ߰Ρ
ű¶Ůǲͣڴ³Ĵм䴩󣬽һͰһͰĽɫĭľˮŵϣͣؽظƨϵĴֲָĴ󺺴ڣЩŮǾͻϵľͰȻľˮȫ˵ϣһŵĴЦ
TMDǡʥؼ
ѶڼֳζȦһ
ʵϣ
һֻ·ٽصĴȥɫ˿˩Ĳϣ˿һͷһظͷ˶ٵķ˶ϵΧȹ䱻߸߾ֱӵ˼ͷ¶һ˫绨ЩĴ׳ֱۣŵѲŴȻŽһСסȥ·׳һȵ÷˳ȥֱӽһӵĸҷڵأߺ
䡪
Цٴһ߳
Ҷ۽ȴһ£֪˵ǲ࣬εޣ֪ڻ᲻޾ˣҪеĻпǳȼġ
ҶЩؿ˵ʱΪѯʦֱǸ˹ȥ˳ʩһȻҶһȵĽʵֱۣһ£ڶԷֱһڣȻ˵𾴵طˣѾˣ֪ǷʱǵǼ᣿
زҶߵҲɫѿ򽻵ʮ˲
ʱ䣿TMD˼ʱ䣬ʱ䱻㵢˰£ڶû˿УTMDʣ
Ҷ˵ɫһɲǱüΪʡ
ҶԺ̼˿ɲĻ棬һ˶ĸ˵ϣȻһߴӲҽͬһѹ˷顭
ʱ򲻵ò̶ˣһ˳ĵԴ֮λһصĸ˲߿һۣ۹еɫҶ˻Ӣ׳˶һ֮˷ܵĹâ
Ҷ˱һƬ
üˣȻǵʱñ˼ΪᣬƯСϣĹһΣȡȥǼǣλطһ֣ʾһ£űǣŴڴй
ǸŮµôҶ治ɫ˻ǰʵ
ЦŴмܣطˡ
ʥءȻһλﵣһܡ
ʲôΪѲġˣΪʼʱΪŭƺûô򵥾ܸ㶨
Ȼˣط˼ΪѲǶڲ˽˵ģΪ﹤˰ʮ˵ҪƽΪ򵥡
˵ʲô
ҶЦǼʧȥСǶܡ֮ǲὫɱģǽ͸ط˵¿Ҷһۣ˵벻˵ʲôĵĻ˰ɣط˵ǱѹŶ
Ҷ˵ɫ˲ࡣ
ʧȥСǶܡʱ򣬾ͻᱻɱô绨ЩԾʵ
һĲص㣬Ȼ಻ͬ
ҶǸ֮ǰĻ棬ֻǸߴ˵׻Լ
ۡ
һֽУҶԼĵˣһ񺮣дδйļᶨ
һ䣡䣡
յλط˽ȵ˱㵽˸ǰһͬ˶ʳ֢ˣɫĳݻƵȻ£Ŀ͵˵Ǹ
ҿüһŮͷװĺȣǸصصĴүǡ
TMDʲôط
ðպɱûʼҶ;亹ֱðòˡ
Ʒζصĺȴţ˴Ⱥ˴棬һ޴Į̇ǰ
ڰ̨﷭˰꣬λڷһõֽţֽ̯棬һдš䡢硢ʼ
Ҷűһͼɢըȵζµ֮ǰǸʲôõˡ
ʱ䣬ҪдãȲͷ˵ȻһߣóһӣͳһѪһĶϸͿĨŴ졣

Ҷһڱд
Ҷ
䣺ʮ
磺Ԫʮ
Ȼ󣬡ʼʲô˼
Ҷѯʦ죬·֪дʵЦŴÿȡʸߣҪѡһԼıֻһĶҪʱڼȻԸ⣬һöǶܡһȥǽûٴνеʱ䣬ʱáǶܡȡǵ
ҿ
Ҷ˲бըŭֱԼе࣬һס߾߰ѳ̽ѵǴȥҪöǶܲɣ


091 ׼
д
ҶһʱԥԱߵĺԸв졣
ҶˣȻҲֻεҡҡͷǰ֪ΪҲûвҶŪһⱳϡ
ʣҵıǳ׵װѵҲҪֳβܴȥô
ʱոյһƵ̶ûеһʱش𣬶ֻһ̣Ȼ˸ȦŲ¼̬ȷ˵ˡ
ҶЩһǰҪ˵ˣֻڡʼһдĲǡǡħơ
ȻЩĿҶһۣʲôʱΪѯʦ죬´ҶһۣЦ벻ڻ꾹Ȼŷűĸ֣ټ
ҶѡԱߵں͢üͷ˼˳Ĭ
Ҷ似ȻǽΪʲôѡ񡰽ħơأѵǰǸ׼Ķ
Ҷ֪˻ɣҲҰôһ洢Լȫ˽ĵطҡħǿȻǴ߱Ƚϰȫ
˱񣬳绨д֮⣬һƶǽ
öǾͿˣ
һһ֮󣬺һͷػֺɢˡ
ˣڿʼǾͿжˡǵýĶǮׯãʮ֮Ѫ֮صʱǧҪǻ˼ģʱ˲Ҫ鷳ɾͲˡҶ͵ſ֮󣬱ֱӸˡ
ŶԷѸʧӰҶƿڴ
ģôôҪĶᡭ
ʲôҪ飿Ȼֵػͷʵ
ҶøΪ֣˵ȻǡǶܡʹ÷֣λѯʦϵôôôѶ˵أ
Ƕܡʲôʹ÷˵ǰҲô컪߽롮ʥءİôǺôȻʵ˵

ҶЩɵۣѵǰǼĻ߶ôϡͿˡʥءôѹôΣգԭѹûõıϣȻġǶܡ÷
⻪ɳڶߵȡΪˡ

Ҷĵ˵죬һߴſڣһ߽һСˣ͵һĳߴĴ˽ȥ
ߵҴΣһ䷿֨ѽһ򿪣ָ˴ݵĲ߽˷䡣
һӷô
һڵĽﴫ˳һĿ
ǵĹˡ
칪Цһ˵ǻߡЩڼļһЩ֮صҰûʲôΪƭԹν¡ΪǺһѵΪ˿֪ƶ緢չǡ桯
ţ֪Щˣ̲Է⣬԰Դ󡣡
ǵģˡô꣬ǶǶܡ÷֪мȥѯЩҰˣΪƲǡǣΪֻǸɱ¾֮أȫסʥءڵ塣Ϊ˸ԼĿ꣬ǾáʯõΪѧ
ǺǣǺܺôһҵĶȡʮöǶܡġıϣȳɹˣಿȥϵطȡɡ
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ʿѾ˺ҲɱǣҲܽǵϢĶ飬ǳ£ҵֶΣ֪ġ
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ȵ˳˷֮ǸΪߣƲסؿ˼Ƭ̣߳ʵǸܵҵô
ڰһ˳˵ûҵɸ³˴һȫ׷٣ò˶þܻܽ񣬲еĶ׸˵ġ
һ˵벻ȺӷӴ½½ԵķͽȻǼΪʧ˵Ķһˡʥء˾ϲް
³ζҪǼõ֣ǶܡļֵһëһͷţĲ𡣡


ԭⶫôĹܣ
ĺĦһɫ͸ľ壬εľ壬׵ĺȣԲı߽ǣһĴС֮£Ө͸Ҷһ鲣ûʲô
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Ҷδīƴܽ鱨ˡܡϢ˵˳ϾڽȻǰҪʾһݵ̬պİҲʸڷϣȡһ
ô˵ҪȥһŹȷʹöܡඣɫڵһγ˵
ôص⣬ҶˣҲҪϰ
Ҷ˵ͷû˵
㣬ڤ񹦡Ȼа취ȡǶܡеȻҲа취洢棬šڤĹƺҪһϼѧһᡱҲԼһϼᡣ
ǶһѧЭֻǹֻڡǶܡĹأ
ˡڤ񹦡⴫ѧɿԲáޱ͸˴ЧҲǿģƵ֣ЧͨޱҪֱӺͿ١

ƺڡʥءô󣬶Ǹܡܰˡ
ȻǱĹǾͱһֻǲ֪ļ۸Ƕ٣ȥһȻЩƵ˵ƹǧΪߣȻûôҪܣȻжٸеЩ
治ǰЩǰڸʲôȻԼıԹͷϻҸǸĵһЩ벻ΪĪ֮ˣ̫ˡ
Ҳ֪Ҷָָ㳡ϣһ鱾ģĵ˵ܶһҪĹʵϣҪȥĵطǵǮС
˳Ҷֿȥϣʯһĳĵ滭һ߲ˮǵһվĿĵأɫǸǮׯҲǸ׻Է͹Ķ
ǻʲôվȳĿĵȥ
һԵ͢һҲһϺصĶ񣬸ȥ
ȻڵıӰ̾һ
İɣӣҪΣգǻչġҶϿҵȻ֤ȴˡ׸ɲɵʡ


092 ʥå
ӭ١ɫ̻ᣬʥⳡԸΪṩʵķʼλҪʲôҵ񣿡
Ҷ˸һţӭһλķż򵥵һ㣬Źѥӣ涼ӡҵ̵Ļ¡ɫĶ̷ӢͦıӺۿ֤ӢѪͳ
ҶŶԷɫЩʧԹƬ̲ųǮ

򵥵Ľܺѯ֮󣬶ԷһתʹҶһ̨ǰ
ɫ̻Ӫҵռʮ־޴һʮ̨Ƿרŵʿͻҵ񡣶ʱҶ˵Ķ棬һĽСŮӣǳòѯҶҪҵ
Ҷԥؽн˳ͨ㣬Լܹȡ5000öľңΪûлǮׯ½ͨƱûκεļֵԼƱҲΪһˣΪֽڽȴΪЯĿռޣֻܴ޵
Ҷ绨һʮ50Ļƽ500ƽһһ5000öңҲ˵һƽԶһʮöңٻһ·ϿĻƷҶ˽⵽ʥءǺܸߵģ½Ǹߵס
һֻ棬ʮ⴮۸ȴһǮƽҲ5˻ƽ𣬺1500ǮԳԶ⴮
ҶЩԲеؼŸۡ
ȵòͷں͢ѡһ̨ȥһԼľң໥֮Լʵ
ǳ˻ƽ𡢰֮⣬ĶҲܶһô
ǸСķԱЦ˹⣬ֻһ޾ˣ޾˵ĻʲôƷʶչƷԵȥۡ
ҶŶһӱġǧϻȡһö׽ľˣݸ˶Էҿ龧˿Զһپҡ
Աһöô޾֮󣬲ɵþһ£æӵ÷ŴգдӳóһܵСͷö޾ˣӲȺʹȣһӣžϲ˵λö޾˵ĵȼӦǾȼеƷаءôءô󣬴ôߵһ޾ˣӦǵͼǷ޲ӵеİɡԲסֻǺѡ
Ҷûϸ޵ֻ΢΢˵ͷ
޵ľ˾ľһҪͣĥºᴿԽľ˱ܳԽġޱ˶øã
ϣ޻ĳЩ޺ΪѪԭľƷʶܸߣĳЩޣҲǼȽӽ޵ޣܲʵľˣЩ˲ѾϵıˣƷȻǳеƷҶʱó޾ˣǾȼеƷǼΪѵˡ
ʮѾͷ˷ܵؿҶæΪԼ³çǸͬʱù˵һ龫ȼ޾ˣȫĿպˣֵҲͨ𾧺˵İٱڵӼľˣ޷Ƚϡﵽ˰ǿպ˵ļֵҲ5000ңǳˡľˣ滹лԵ޾УǵС޾ꡯΣԺʧʣԼֵֻܷԸ򾧱չö޾ˡ
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һҶΪĲƸλ۾
ҿ޾ôֵǮ
׽ľǾƷĵȼﻹöצ޾ء

ˡɫ̻ҶŲЩĺͽȻЦ⣬绨ָõľҹٻƽȻٻɰ½Ŀ۸񡭡
һö׽ľͬǾƷΪﵽ˰Ի򾧱ңöצľˣҶ˸ֻۣһһһΪսԴ
ΪҶ뵽½ֻС龳ĸֱֲ޾˵е޾꣬ʥءȴм޾ˣú߱վڵǷҲи߼ļý롰쾳߱վڵ޻أ
Ǹֵ̽⡣
һöĸצ˱ΪƷ󶨼۰򾧱ңⳡˡɫ̻ĸ߲㣬Ҷܵ˹񼫸ߵĴʥءһܹɱӵȼ˵޶ûмȫеУȼľ˶ǼսԴ
ö޾ˣһһʮ򾧱ңûƽһ5000ңôһѾһʮֵһ򾧱ҵľֵһǧľ
⾧ƱҲľƳɣƬСıһţʸͬһһŵľþƷʵľƳɣһǧһŵľõͨƷʡҲΪŪһҳŵҶġ
ɫִ̻Уиرڣܹ
Ҷ˾ڽɱ¾֮صʱ򣬽ߵĶĴպصУٰѴɱ¾֮صĶҲϾûʲôռָ֮ĿЯ
涫ʱصģԲ˷Щ󣬶ͨīƴĽܣҶҲɫ̻Ե
ڣܹ滹ǿŵġ
Ҷ뿪̻֮ȴǰ龰һΪҵĺܿ죬Եȵòͷں͢ˣ뿪̻ᣬĹ㳡ϡҶ˳ʱѾһȺΧŵӣʱᱬͻԷߣоȻ켶ĸ֡
ҿʥءǲ׼߲ô绨Щֹ
Ҷ۾һУ˵ȷǲ׼ǿ߲ڡʥء죬ǱģԲ룬һ죬ɱ¾֮ش֣
Ȼ֪ں͢ΪʲôĶԷڽȻǰҶǾ⡣
Ҷĸһ³֣ΧЩ¶˸ΪϷʺ׺ݵı飬óԷʮ˰ǵһȺˡ
˵ȺԶŷ״½ÿһǽҶĸ̹Ȼ߽Ⱥڶվһ
Էͷ֣վȺ֮󣬵пȺˣǸͷҷˣʱһ̧ľͰϣŶȣؿұŮϣһذףָͣס
վ˵ߣһ׿ͺͷ󺺣׳ľһֻܣ˶ĶƤţһһͷϿһ޴һǺݵĻë꣬ûüëϴݵı飬ͣԼ˫ϵķצȭ½ϲϷӴ½ϱȽС
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ڴʱɫÿԾҶǰ˵ǰеݶ±ûôԽȻѯʺ𱸣һԭֻһش𣬵ȻЩ񣬵һ˵Ȼ£ǡ
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һֱڶҶڽȻǰ֣ΪǶƹ֮Ů˷Ƿ֮롣ϾȻ֮ɫ˼ѲǷ֮룬οԷ⣬ҶҲ¼ѵлȡȻøеˣлߣչ鹥ƺ
ڶҶȷУ˵ֵ֮⣬һеĽСֻҶھȻûгûȴһ˿ɻ󡣵ֻôһ˲䣬϶ҶһڽȻǰչ¶ȣԼԽǱ꣬ڽȻԽǳ󣬶ݵ̬ǲȡȻøеıֶζѡ
뷨ȫѹԼŭ𣬺Ҷִֻɨǰһɵˡ
ʱҶһԴǣڱصõȺһ֮


093 
Ҷ뿪ɫʱ򣬾ǵ󣬡ɫ̻¥һڣӰӸµؿⷢһС
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ȫܣ£һۻ˵ֻǻߣˣһ̫ʥصǵĵӵҲֻ뿪ΪҪĿģһֵľҪչԱĶ༸ִϣ
ŮӵءŶһ㲻˵
Ƭ̣Ůӵ
ǵԴ֧ǱĶб֤ɱ¾֮صõ㹻ĶͬʱҲñ֤ǵ档ǸӢĹ֣ǺмǱģõʮֻһ龳Ļ֣ڡʥءĻȨֻһ֣õĺôҲġ
Ӣۻһ£ԥʵǵµӻߡǲ֣ǼȺˣҲᱻֻϺ̵ģƽ׻׳ǵʵ
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ǰȺˣֻǶԷڳӳåļƣҶʹ֪ʲô顣
Щһ飬Էһ֪Լһǳε١ʥء֣˶ڣѹǣлǵĿ꣬һҶǸոյֵġܡһֵǮĶ
ҶǰȺҺһƬصԭסڶߣһΧ˸ԶһЩĵطָָ㣬缯һ˷ܡ
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ڸԶԭסǣΪ书΢һƬһƬʵأֻڹߣֿסȻѪӿɫٿȻһ䡣
һ֮ȫΧٿȻ֮䰲Ѿ˫鷭ף°ĭεڵأǻվȵˣҲǰðһȻãȻĹˡ
һҶ绨ε֮һڶ绨źţ绨ȫʩչʨӺ𡿣һСˡҶڶʱѶס˶䣬˺͡
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ҶʱٺһЦ¶ɱĽȻˣŶɫһ°ͣ˵Ǽͷģл˵վԶ

ӰȺҶǰ¶ɭȻɱҷ֮ȴͻȻʧһЦŰԽڶҶȻ˵ֶΣùԷ½󣬳Ҷ˸Ϊһ̬˵ŷֶ򣬴ҶҡǡҶλֵܵ书ʾʮ壬ҵ͹˼λѵʵҶҵ³çλʾǸ
һ䣬ԷĸؾϹʩ񣬱Ǹ⡣
ΪҶ۱֣лǵļһȻȻذҶȺе쵼ߡ
ҶȻԷıݡ
ΪǶǱ֪ԷĵǸǿǰֳνչһԽУ䣬෴ղ绨չֳһԷȻаճԶ˼
Ȼǡ赭дؾϹ֮һЦشյҶ˸ǰؿһ۽ȻڽԷŭ֮ǰֺ˰벽Щ˵ΪµʾǸ⣬Ҳ֪ģ˵ˡʥءȻġǧĹءһǣǵĶˣǵѡ
ѣŷ״½ôԲ½Ϊ٣˽ĵåҶʵ
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ҶⱻԷסֻһطʶԷôǲһ
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ϴ󵱵ĺİ
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Ҷɵ÷˸ۣа쵰ֲò˵ԭһ˵ͷˡȺܰTMDһǷģ
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ͷɵһ𣬱óһƬ͢ɱ¶ֻǽضҶϡ
ֻ绨дһ֣ɵǺǵЦɣһҵͼˡ

˳ԣĲƸҶѰһòùס£ڴ˺ļʱҶ绨ţ֮Ĵй䣬ʵϤУͬʱҲѰīƴᵽļҪעĵط
ڴ֮̾һ
ķ·ǸơͰ˫۽ʵͬҰ޵¿ʱϸµоҶһ֧צצָȻųԼһָ׵ġ
ԴϲŻë°ϵĻɫ˱ģİ¿֧צצָڲõһ
ꡱһСɿϻһһ˿һţƻľһ۱ˣֻʣ˱һûбϣ⻹ǰ¿ûĽ
Ŷ𡭡ü̵ĽʰֻǴ̶ϱ䲻ѷɫھƷˣЩ¿ȵ˵ţͬʱȡһСﱵָϹһмҶƤһظеСﱵһӲȣܴ춯צָףΪҶá翽ûָϻһ׺ۡ
·ǸܵҶı仯¿ͷҲ̧ؽ͵֣ﱵ֮ôΪһ˴Ǯ㵽һƬѾ﷽ƳɵģûָôһƬ㻨򾧱ң򾧱ҡ
Ҷʧɫʵﻹı֣飿
ȻԣôܣҲģΪõıô¿¸Ц˵ǲϺ죬ʥ棬˵ʵǿԴģ벻ɡ
ҶٿȻһæʵܴ˭
ȻīƽĿͻϢȴˡ޷ˡ¿Ц˵Щʦǲģǵ֪˶࣬ǧټƵҪҵǣûһʵֹ
绨ŶһԭǴ˵һΪء
¿̧ͷ˴һۣЦԭܶʧ֮Ҳģֱŷ״½һУŵ洫ıƺΪµһĴӵ߱ԣҵ֮ñɵֶαȶԷԾĽˡ
ʱһصͻȻ֣Ȼֻʱ䣬㽫Ѿ´ãѾֵܸȥսһ֣һ㽫ԷıˣһϳصıҳƬȻһ뿪ˡӴԺ˻ܴˡ
Ҷมسһ̾Լֳһؼʶ
ЩƷôгΪĸôҶЩȤʵ
ûô򵥣Ǹ˵ıҲǽԭƷʣǱʲô𣬻ܹ֪ģ¿̾˵ȻҼ֪еİأȻһûôõ
ǡЩôҶûΪ֪ĳȵΪԼ˵ܽЩϴʵܹõʲô
Ʒӹɵˡ¿ɵ˵ΪʵĹϵȽ»𣬲ҲõģֻҪӽҽ¶֮УͲ⡣лϵ˾ͲҪЩˣʹ̡
Ҷʾס
¿ʵҿԽצצָɶ̽䵶ǳìì⣬֪Ҫʲôı


095 ǿʵ
һ£ҶеĲȫ˳бצצָǼǣжǼͷӲĹǶܺӲƬһСɽһһء
¿ǰĲϾˡ
ҪȫɱͷߣҪʱ䡭
¿ɫصؿҶ˵ȷҪôЩȻ󣬵ҪǴľƷҪĸҲһСĿǰЩϼֵˡ
Ҫ٣
¿Ħһ°ͣջ̾˿˵ҪǿҪʲôıܹ֮ۡ
Ҷ˵īƴ˵ֵѣҲǡʥء֮һʵһͷҶ˵ǳʥأͷԣһҪЩıŵٴʱ򣬾㹻ʽ𸶸ҲõģûʽȫѡеľƷΪġ
¿Ȼ˵ͷ
ûǮˣɱ¾֮УЩȻͳĶǽЩֻۣ
ԸȫˣҲȡ߱һ졭¿ĻףԸҶܻŻˡ
ҶȻóȻͷȥ

뿪ڴʱɫѾˡ
۳Уȴһֵʽʼݡ۵ҵڣŲԶͻһŷʽľƹݣֵȺھƺйʢľȴƽĿգص߾Ӷࡣ
ܹɱ¾֮ػˣҪȴļ䣬ƺŮЧĹߡЩߴүǣЩƹΪӭĽɫǮʹ죬ǮȻһйʱΪҲΪġ
Ҷ绨ʱһֵϣƹﻶڽϢľƳζֵ
һܴ˵ĵùһ˴Ӵ˳µļͰҵ߰㣬ԼߺŰһ˵ľƹžƿҶǰι绨һȭ˦ɣӸոĴ˽ȥһƬ֮
˦˦֣绨ֻǽƷɣûҪ˶ԷСڶԷھƹпȫܲ˵ġ
Ҵʱ绨ЩʵؿҶʵι˵ҶӣķĽȫǸôĸƤôͲ֪أһʵ绨УʱҲҶ̫⣬ѵƴҶȫöİ˵ķô
Ĳ˵ҶȥĲϵУǱצצָʮǾζʮƷȫԷǮģôһʲƸǰһǸͷ·ô죿˼һܵĸ½֪
Ҷ̾һ˵ұôһ¿īƴܵˣīƴ壬ȻҲܵѡڶ¿ȻѼѪȥһСƬƳƷ϶иĹߣ˵һűûԸ⻨ôĴ۶ֻΪߵȼ㷢ûУĵŵıǰƷľⲻ˵ԷǸճڵ˵㹻߬ȡƸȫûҪΪһЩòϱ׬ȡĲƸͺñһ⵰һӵĵʧһµĲһǵĲҲǺѵãҲûѵõ·ĵز
Ҷɫأĳ˵ûʱȴҲûʱȥ֤Ʒÿʱỵ̈ÿһӣܶǰһǵʵһ֣Եʱʤͻһ֡Щ壬˵пܣ䣬ʦš
Ҷֺ̧ƽôصԭ绨Ҳûʲô˵ˡ
ֻսЩһ·϶гˣȵɱ¾֮أҶҪһɱ
ҶĽؿ绨ĺ˵ֻҪ绹İãǾԶûиеѹĿܡ
һ¿ĺҶȫóɱıצȫצָצÿצֻצָҶĸצӣҲʮ֧צָ
Ҷ¿ͷ飬ֻѡһַצצָָһ߶೤ָҲ̣߳ͬȼĲӽĻȫߵıʮ
˻ۣУĹ˽ǰ˵һ߲λָǵλãȫǿʣƳΪǿΪ񵲹ܣյĶͣҶΪǽ
ɹʴﵽٷ֮һٵĻҶΪṩʮѾƷȼıʦŵʵ˴ΪҲҶҪ顣
Դ磬Ϊ˸Ҷ߾翽ʧʦ;֮ҶʶУѾûԴƷϵĴʦ
Ϊ˽ЩתΪǿʵıͬʱҲΪܹʥе൱ڹһļֵҶЩȫƳɶٱƳɶ١
ʦҪԵĵˣѾмǱ滯ˣȻһ㴰ֽûͱƣɷΪʵ㣬˷ƺǻиıҪ
ħڵĵ֣θںܴ󣬲úҲܶ࣬ҲɻиԷȥ֮һ
ħɣʵǰȫ޷ȣһЩȽִֵСѲΪ˴ƣһֱûж֣һʱ䣬һӰڽ
֪һЩħ˵ǱøΣգڴ˵ħڽȴ˵˰׵ֳ꿹ȡȫʤ
ûħŵвЩԭŽһҺɣʼעԭϣʼעߵʧٰа嵱ɱҪȡֶΣǳ͢䲼ݡȫɴȣǻϽͣñɢ֮䣬øӶԿĻ֣˵սܲһ㶼֣з紵ݶһԭ֮ƣÿϤƵߣﶼһңԼһΪͷ񣬾ͻᱻ˴
Ҷʥء֮ǰϵձֹƽ֮С
ٴγһҶ̧ͷϵ£ʱʦеЩˣ֪ʲô顭
ʦʦһᣬǲǱøɡģ
ʦǲ֪û˽ʵƽԲļ
Щʦֶû
߸Сûǻ
Сħţûбչ˺ã
ԼŮûԼ

ո뿪ǲµʱ䣬ҶԼͿʼˣ


096 嶼
嶼֮䣬֮Уԭضغ֮Ϲˮķ֮ʡ
滷ɽɽɽϽɽ̶ɽˮƳǣ֮ˮˮϽɽصδ
½ϣڻǧʷУ嶼컯֮Ϊ˹֮񶼡λϣѹЮ¤ͨ࣬ϵ壬˳ơ˷꣡ݸءʮʡͨ顱ΪȺ¹ԭĻ֮߱أΪʷҪΡáĻġ˵áɽʤ¡֮֮Ϊ֮޶ãĺ֮޲ۡ
ʸ̳л巨ͳϮǰʶݣ嶼Ĺģ󣬻ʹƸΪ硣
£һƬ̻ԻͣʱƬưĻʹֻԶɽ£ǻΪĵһй
˵ģΪԶʹԺ޽˻ʹɽİɽϣȻǸûʣݻ
ƽ̨ϣվһ۵С̫ϱͬȺǰһλ۵үɫȴΪ
˵ʲô岻ʣʲϳˣȻĦı췴֤ȷ䣬͢ȴٳûжͽȻ߿͢Цٹ۶ѵɽߣȴһһ˲ôһ£ʸ̩ŭŸǰС̫˵ԷĿģûʸ̩һ˼ˡ
ڴʱԼЦ֮Ӻ󷽹ദûʸ̩ŭɶ
Ħ뷴ڼԼĸʾȻ¶ûϳƽ֮ѹûд˻ӹоβżʸ̩ʮд󳼣ż첻ͣھߵȴһֱʵ۱ˡ
ϣʮ⻰ūſɲһˣūֻһظϵּ⣬һŲ֪ǰͲʮ꣬ȴĨŪԼְС̫࣬ǷŰ۸ʸ̩˵
󵨣ūô˷ôʮ˵ڻʸ̩С񼱦Է棬ǳ⡣Է£ڹŹˣƽűĹ̫ࡢŮǷҲˣ벻չ󳼶ѵ⣬ڸӶˣʵ
Сǰǳ⣬ǸС̫ŭɫ͵ظ֣Իʸ̩ȴһʮԷϽȻӵıǿԷϾǻӣҪԼһ߳ûʲôֱ𡣴ʱԼӲߣû˸ûбҪӽа壬ͷ֤СЬ
뵽˴С̫æ۵׵ŭһš
ʸ̩һۣ̾˿˵ˣȻ岻ʣҲ˴ţʹ˸ǡ
˵һ֣ʸ̩תˣλ󳼼ԼӶԼǹԱѣʲôܻʵأһ㶼̾Ϣ볡
Ƹ̩СӴҴҶߣСʮʵ˵ӣڱ±˹ƻһ棬˵ڸô죿
ô죿ȫܹ͢õԴܹĦӦģ˾֮⣬˾࡯֣չøǸǧ˿ƵĹϵԡ͢ξˣ̫లŵġ̼࡯ǻʵ۱µ棬ûлʵ۵ܶҡʣµѡֻһңǾ̫ʸŵġ߸
ʸ̩뿪ݹƥط˵ߣȥʮ幫
ȺĻ֣Ʊ롢лư͹Ʒˣʱ˵嶼һµʱ䣬ƽʱСϤйص㣬ûзһεͼ
ʱʸ̩˷ԸŻʸ̩Сӣһ˳ɽµ嶼˹ȥƬסȫϵͳĹۡΪ׹ݵĻʸţȴһɣһֱסһ򡣻ʸδȢޣ˾Ÿɶӣ㶼ǡ߸ʹɶӴ߸֮⣬˳⣬ִ
ʸһѪάʸͳ棬Ƕԡ߸˼ѪԴӷ֡߸֮ǽۡᵽˡ߸ĺãﵱԼļңҹǻеĶ룬ǵľʵۻʸ£ҪͿسһʮ塱
һ·ϻʸ̩룬ʸΪ͢ʸϵĻ壬ִơ߸Ħ뷴Ѷ֮ģ񾸰ھ֣͢û˻ʵ۵ּ⣬ĸҶһ¾췴ʮ幫ͬµġ߸ǻױʸȨʵ۵ͬ⣬㶯
ͷʸԼеġ߸˻ʸ̩ľݡ
ֱĹٵнһŸߴ䣬ſһ»̬ýľʿݵվŲࡣ
߸ָ֮ϡ
ٽſڵʱ򣬻ʸ̩ԶԶƼͷһҺֳһţϸۿȻһӭ׺Ķ˫Ϊ˾·Ⱥ˳ִݡ
Χٸصأǳ͢ҪڣȻôϡŹֵ鷢Ȼвٱά򣬲Щµ
֣Ʊ뿴ȤɵЦϣټԭ嶼ĴٹǵȢȻ˵ĽôĹٵܶסǿ۽ˡ
С񼱦֣Ʊһۣʾʸ̩鲻ãҪҿЦ֣Ʊæͷ첻
ʸ̩Ϊ½Ȼû֣Ʊ˵Ϊǡ߸ĳͣȻҲû˸ĸӣҴҵؽˡ߸ã·СѾԸ߸֪ͨү˵ʮүá
ʸ̩һãȻһԭõҲϣһλĿΰòõĴ󺺶Ʒ衣ֻǶԷһһĪ͸¶һѺӢֻ֮ƱѾۡ
ʸ̩۾һɵðһ䣬ͬʱԷֹ̬ȻԼĶ硰Сӥչôƣвɵһ
ϷĴ󺺣һʸ̩˽ݣ㾪شԼæΪȻְ͢ξݼʮӡ
磿ӥ磿
ʸ̩һԷȻԼѾ׼⻹Ǽ𾪡
磬ݵġʮӥʮӥµĲֹǡӥչ۷ɣļΪ׽ĸ֣ΪʮӥһǵҲǡʮӥֵ
λ磬еġӥ
ˡӥչ۷ɣͶЧ˳͢Ϊ͢ξĽƲͷ
һʱѹʸ̩벻Ȼλ˵е


097 嶼
λġӥһվŨüۣ沿Ƿиԡ
ڻʸ̩ͻȻἰڵϵĳν˿òм˿еĸоΪ˵ʮүǵӥźȻһЦ˵ʮү統ΪܸеοѣϲδϵȻӳֵܣһ
ʸ̩Ц˵ѵͷдҵƢǿϵĺܰ
Ϊ˹ͬʸ̩Ȼ֮ĸһ˵Ц̸
ûʸ̩˶һֵı顣
粻Ǳˡӥô˵ǡӥǡСӥӦðͽģôʸ̩˼չ۷ɸӶµıȴǺԹ֮⣬ΪչֵܵĻʸ̩ԸЦ֮أ
⡰ʮӥķӥǣֱǽӥӥͭӥӥӥӥӥѪӥŭӥӥҹӥӥʮӥǾ㶼켶ĸ֣书ǿÿ˶пԶһľ
米ѡӥ飬˵֣ǣµӥ͢綼ǵ͵Ӧ£Աѣӥչ۷ֻ̾һ˵˾䡰ǵĳӲˡһս飬¡
ΪչֵܵĻʸ̩Ϊӥͽ磬˵Цӥһ𾴣治λֵΪʲôѵġʮӥ
˵һ󣬻ʸ̩ĵʵͷһβ֪к߸
Ҳû˵ʮү֪ԴǷӡźʹެ֮һֱˡ͢ξĿⷿУϼӿ⼸ճ͢һֱĦĶûвþ͢ξĿⷿҲش󰸼֤ÿĲȫá͢ξҪ֤ת߸ܣүҲͬ¡ĳ㱨Ժ͢ξĻὫ֤
Ŷ
ԭˣû뵽λǹת֤ġȷ¹ش󣬡͢ξҪְڼõһϣҪ֤Ǳߵȷ̫׵
ʸ̩ͷǣ֣ƱͻȻ˵λͷҪһˣơ͢ξһʱᵽˡ
һЦʵλСֵΪλô˵
ǽˣ޾طʣ֣ƱҲЦǺǵػش𣺡Ϊ·ڴ˶µģһģһӭ׵ģ˻ãڽͷˡ
һ֣ƱĻԭ΢Ц͵سʵ˵ľߵĽͷô󲿷ǹԱۡͳ͢ĸţôܣҶǳ͢ԱôΪôС±󶯸ɸ꣬ѵǲ±ʹô
ʸ̩Ҳ͵ת͵ػһһĴȣͬʱһá
ʲôˣʮСӣһвõҪҪʮ幫ͷ
߽һԲɫͷ׵ͷɫĻʸ̩Цʵ
ʸ̩̼վ棬Ҫ£ʮ幫ŪҪͷˡ
ʲôôأ
ʸʵֿԱߵ磬ɫٿȻɫ˵
ʱ治ԶͻȻ䡱һ죬˸߷ҳ˶ǺȻɫӦǡ顱һıըݵʱѾԶͷλãһƬڵŨ̡
֮ȥҵĿ޽ٿȻ
үʸűȻŭTMD߸ľʿҲټһвҪĴˣ
ԱߵУξүǾʿǨ䣬˳ɵĶ鶼λָʹ˺λʹɽȥˡ
үڲһĶͷ˵ʱ򡭡
Ȳ֪ЩϮˣҲ֪Ļ߸ľʿǡ
ʸ̩ȴû߸ڲˣԲʱ⣬Ͷ˵飬û뵽ôܵѾ˼գӡŵʱ·Ҳ֪˵ϢѾͨ˵ˣ˵͢ڲûڹûš
ʱѾһƬƬĺɱ֮ش˹ģǶǧˡ
ʸ̩һ飬ԣԣԲֻӡŵϮֻӡţֻҪֱԳ£Ϊʲôʱ˶ʿۼģ췴ˡ
ʸŴʱҴȥ߸һһǳӡˢͰģֻҪǵģüһǸɣ
߸ľʿȻӦŵ
尡
үŭˣˣû˸ڻʳǸôĶû뵽첻ԷڻʳǸ£ѹӵ·죬ү˦ϵֻۣһӣӹԼר䣬˳Ҳţð̵ĵط˹ȥ
ʸ̩ҲǴһү󣬳ųµĵطȥ
˸ոյ߸ǽϣĺɱѾǳ߳˹˸ոշǽͷӭһ䣬˴󺧵ַ˻ڼҪṦ˻ʸ̩һѣֻλʮӱҪһ˳ˡ
洫үŭʸš쾳֣ٶ̫죬ҲΪٶ̫˶ԷİΧ˵Ķ鵱Ҳƥү书ĸ֡ľֱ죬ֻһ赲үŭ׷ŵԶԶ׷ȥ
ȻѾ֣ʸǷŭ׷ȥ
оȻоõ󹭣һ˿ŭ顣
ʸ̩֪ʱ޶࣬ΧǽԱߣͬʱӺӣϾ
һɤӺ꣬ʸ̩ȫһĵɫת˼ޣ͵һȣǽһԵġշħͨʩչž죬Ȼ֮УǽٿȻ˴룬¶ȺܲĽͷ

ͬһʱ̣֣Ʊ֮и֧߬׶һ֧׶˦˳ȥ˵ߵĽɫϸڿٿȻɳǽ⣬׶·߼죬ÿö׶·߶ǲ̶ģڷɵǰԶľʱ˵ڿ͵һգÿĵٿȻһ㣬ĴУЩ߱ΪϸĽߣ̻һҴܣͬʱЩڿٴײٴαΪϸҵĽߣͬɫϸ˲סһƬĵ򣬴ԼʮͽڰĹΧ֮ڡ
ѪȻʢʮһ˲䶪ˣڵزҽţ˶˫ѪֱɢĽϹ˫ۡ
˶ֳ־øһ˲䣬ǽͷܼȺճһ顣
ʸ̩һŭ𣬴˺߸ľʿɱȺС


098 ɱ¾֮
Ҷڵȵ˽ɱ¾֮صʱ䣬ͬʱеģߡ
һǻװҰëʿÿ˶ͿͨСԺβ裬һһԹÿ˱һ˷ܵ؆ţʱߵƵĶ
Ϊʲôǲáܡһÿһ
ҶԹ˵ֱڣΪԼġ߾աͨЭ̣ʥءĹͬҶöܡһ׵Ľ飬һöһһöһӽ
ΪǵǾƷı
ѯʦ
˳ĬȻûеĻ쵰Ϊ˻ǿԶ
Ϊ֮ǰʵ󽵵ġšϽɱ¾֮أҪ侮ʯĶ鶼˷˸⣬Ķšͬʱ˳˵뷨Ҷһ¼ߣڳ嵽ݵǱӻ֮ǰҪȽһսˡ
ʱΪѡһܵñȱ˿죬˳ΪԼûܣһǸˣһȺƣ߶ֵĹ
ǰŹļһӦòÿˣΪԷߣʱҶ˱ȻŸĶȻôѺãҪ̸ˣδЩ档
һӡ
ڵ֣ȫŹͷͿͲʣ鲼˽ܵط֮⣬ĵطȫǳŵģһ۾ãȻضǰֻһһ˸ߵľȣ˶һìһ䵶
ȺϵϢ죬һĸо
սʿǸͷǵҽǰ켯һӢʿǵˣԷۿԼӴóһ̲ˮȴǺް취ֹԷû֪ô֣Ҳ֪ʲôʱ֡
ȻΪˣʱͣҶмϾϵԷ˵ͷҶһ
鲢ͬʱɱ¾֮أ֮ȴһСʱ½ɱ¾֮صĶ飬ԶܱһСʱıڣʱǲϮģΥ߽⵽ʥصƲãһѡ
Ҷ˵һӣƺҪǰߴ󲿷ɱ˵Ķ飬ǸȫҶܲµЩµչˣרŵһĳԼ
ǳȥ֮󣬲ɱȻȵ׼
֪ˡҶƽƽġħ£ͷش
Ǹ͢ǸʱͱһĸоɲܣҪѰʥءκ˶ܱ֤ųȥôһߣʮΣյġ
Դ֪Է֮Ҷ֮͢ìܼ˵Ǳ滯ˡ
֪͢Լɽ֮ĶԹԼҶҲԻѡʱ֡
ڽȻǰֻǲ˵ѣֻʱʱ񽻼֮ʱҵĻ𻨡
ʱ䵽ʱһ죬ǽͷϴٴȵ볡
Ҷǰصĸ򿪵ʱǰһ󾢷ϮһѪ֮
֮⣬Ҷ˵ǰһƬƽϣ˸ʬ壬󲿷ֶ޵ʬ壬Ѭ죬ɺԵѪȾ˺ɫ
ɱ¾֮أʵ顣
ʬ嵱УĿһǿ׳ҰǣֱΪǡĵͼޣǿ͹ǿƣʱʱľͻۼǧȺȥΧľݵǳУȻ̫ǿڳȺȺǰҲҪãֱΧ鷢
ڳµЩʬ壬Ȼǳеʱ򣬱ɱˡ
޳һĵҶɵǰ˵һ£ÿ糿һ۾ĵһ¾ǣұܵÿ죬ҾͻᱻǳԵͬһʱ̣Ǵ˯Ժͷǣұܵñ򻹿죬ҪȻҾͻᱻ
ﾺ桱棬֮䣬˭ֱ˭أ

嶼⴦ֿλãԭѾûʲô͢ıˣһըֱˡ͢ξĻʮˣʣµҲ˴ˡ
ԭӭ׵Ķ飬˲¶צάĳ͢Ͳġ͢ξ֣ȫɱͻȻĴЩֻɢ˲䶪
ȵ߸һĻʸүɱʱȺѾԭеĸֻѾֵӡźͲ飬ѸԶ룬ʸڷŭ֮£ȫ׷ȥ
֮󣬻ʸ̩˳ȺУƴɱ
͢ξĶʮֵʬû缸ħŭ֮£ڿзڣͬӥգ˫צӳ磬ǰĵ˻飬ͷ
ʸ̩һֻ֣ǸһӴѾȺӡŵʿµĹ̫β룬ȫǸչڵͨߣŮ٣һҪسǰﻹſںţʥŮ٣پˡ
ʸ̩ɫ˲ò԰ףЩ˹Ȼǡа̡ͽֵܼ˵Ĳ²ȻˡĦֶΣЩѹǱӣɱٶ࣬ҲûôȺа̹ƻڰˡ
ͷ鷳ȥ࣬Ʒţܵʸ̩ȵ
ȻЩΣҲпܽסȻǽܵסĸ֣˶ãԷҪͻƳǽҲᱻǷ֣סƬʱ䣬ܹȵֵĳˡ
ãʮСˣﲻЩϺ˶ȻбĶȥҲӦһˡ͢ξķ
ʱĸ͢еĻɱͬʱ͢ĳҲԶ˹
ĪҪߡ
ʸ̩һаͽײùǶϽۣһһط˳ȥҵһƬĵˣ𣬳żүŭȥķ׷˹ȥ
֣Ʊϣӣͬնвһؽǰĵ˿ӵ֣ҪСӸ
ӣˣ㿴
ͷ񱼵Ļʸ̩ȻСӵľͷ֮˳ָһƣ亹ð˳
ֻԶһðỤ̃һΰĸ¥ѾһƬ𺣣֮ƺκʲôȼʣʯʵĸȻֵסĹ
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ʸ̩һƬ
󡱣ǳ͢Ҫļĵطڣ³ͨΪʱƣﶼҵĵԭ壬顱ڵй¶ٵĸЩϵԭʸ̩Ҫ鿴˭ڶЩļ˭пɣû뵽ʱȻôһеֻ¶ˡ


099 ֮ı
ʸȫʩչṦ׷ǰߵΰݵӰŭãֱ޵
ЩǧеҳӾȻ˴󵨣嶼ңǶ˾ֱӵӺƣڻʸʷУй
ʱô׼߸󲿷ֶָȥѵʱǰңҾ߸Ƥ£ֱǶ裬衣
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ӡźͲ飬ڵĳ͢˵ҪѾ˲٣ΪЩֻ֤ı췴֤ݣЩ֤Ѿ͢Ա֤ʵԣҲĦ췴˼ѾȷϣЩļֵѾ͵п޵ĵز
ЩȴĦУһ£͢һǧɣĦȫʾԼ֤͢ܡеҰļһ䲻õӡ
Щö֮ɸ͢а壬Щ֤ͳλ壬֪ũԷʵۡ˴ެΪɽͶ·׼֮ͽͶ˿ɽ̣Ħڼʱ
ǳ͢ƽѵֶκʱһֻȫ¶붯֮С
ԣΪ˱δܻᷢΣʸмᶨľҪɱҡ֮С
Ծǰĸչֳڵˮ׼ʸ׷ôһʱ֮Ѿȷ϶Է쾳ҵˮƽȽԼΪҪѹһͷ
ʸŸǰߵӰԽһ¸ǽһСٿȻһլԺĺ԰һֱǰܵӰȻͣӯ˻԰еĿյ֮ϣȻƺĵصȴĳ˵ĵ
ʸгһӣҲ֮䣬ȵ׷̫ꡯ治ĦСôӲô罫ߵĶ㲽첻ףȫʬ
һЦǰİСתϵӵ¶һűȽ״ҪɫҪصĳ˶ԿǰͺһС飬һһð𣬽ƵĺɢǰأģҪѿжѿĦ롰̫ꡱ֮һġ׷̫ꡱ
һִ죬Цѵãѵðѵáʦֵ佭ô꣬Ϊû֪أ벻ʸͷ۾ôϵµıӰ
ʸһ˵٣ϹһԴ¼˭ϲ㻹ŷסѹֻܴެĲ⣬ĸ˼ҵǹʹĦȺԽô㡣
߸ñǱʸҵĻλðȣºڵɵ鱨ռȻǲڻ£Ħĺڵ棬λҪл߸ǡ̫ꡱĸ֣ʸͱ˶ԷòеɫһȻ׵رϵó
Ҳλ׷̫ꡱ̫ͻǻ˵ıӰʸŻ治ϵó
׷̫ꡱԾȻȻЦֱЦЦúãúáʸͷԭ˴ﰡֵ޵ݡȻʸͷ˴ô˵ͼѵʸͷˡĪ׷仰ô
ʸͷЦĪ׷˼˼ȻˣӦ֪嶼ǻʸĺģǳֱ͢־Ͳ¶ʮˣ˾ָǲѵƾǻ嶼дҵ˫ĿкһðɱȻ𣬺˵Щ;ĩ·ܶѣţҿǲ֪ôдġ
ʸú嶼ҪΧֲų͢ΪҪĹ𣬷Ȼڻ£Լ˰ΧȦҪֳʤ˶۸٣ҲǼ֮ͿԷֵóʤģֻҪԼһ֣ҵĶᱻ͢Ԯĸַ֣ԼֻҪƬ̣͢ľӾԽȺ˲ѷɣֱӷϵĦĸ߼Ǹɡ
˼ʸ˵Ҳ˿ĻΧ
ȻˣҲûãΪԷػĶ̫ҪҪöԷˣպ鷳޾ԼѵĶԷнӦĸ֣ʸҲûз׷٣һֱ
˵ʸʱ򣬽ҲãҲ˲á
ʸ˵ⷬǸԼ׳ѶԷƴ
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һƵ𣬻԰ðӰһʮ꿪⣬ɫԽ۵һ߹ƣһЦ˳ЦŻʸҵġɡƣһȻǺǰ
ʸ۾һУ䣬ȥ
ո˵̬裬ף˫Ŀ
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ʱ˵껰֮нŹЦʸţϲĶ·㲻ߣƫﴳ׷ȻҷүͲٻȥǸʵ۵ˣ÷үȥΣ
һ֣ʸŵƤֱ
Ǹ˻ʸжѾ׼Ħġϻ̫ꡱ־̫͡ꡱ۶ˡ˶ڵĸ֣Ǹ׷̫ꡱ˶٣ж־Լһͬǡ쾳Ϊ
һгֵʱ򣬻ʸŵıȫһˣΪû뵽ﾹȻҲͶĦ롣
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伣ʮ꣬벻˾ȻͶĦ롣
Ȼǳ˵Ĵ磬ĺ˵ĴȱΪȫմϱߣ̰ɫÿŮǷŰ࣬ڵĸһֱ׷ɱڵͽֻϧ˹̫ߣް취һġȻøʵһģ֮ǺصĻǿƿԽаŵһ񹦡޺ɶ񹦡
ֱʮǰ˴Ĵɮ֮һķɮ֣˶ԷһĹˣȻ˶ӡ
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˻ǰͬʱ̤ǰʯĵӣشûڳÿ˵ĿУһһԷȥ
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ʸŵȻɻ飬͢صˣֵĺѣȻ˵顣
῿˻ʸŵĶߣ˵֪ôǸ߸ϡԵı飬ϲģǵұʱ¶ľ飬ġܺÿ
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һϻ̫ꡱ־ŶԷĲֶΣƤһ
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벻˵һ֮£֮ϵġࡱǷǸˣһᱳľʵۻʸ£߸߳ٻɱ˲չֳȻѹڵĻʸţչ¶¹龳ֶΣڳĦˣ˶ڣҲ֮࿹顣
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ȻˣҴӦ¸ˡʱ䲻磬Ǻڣ

ڿգĦʧԭء
һ۵ϻʸŵʬ壬֣չһתȥ
ܺӰƵƵӰżֳַĺۼƻϵʯ
˶ãʸŵʬͻһµĵصֳ֣ĺۼҲó͢עתƵ𴦡
Ħ룬Ȼӡţɱ˻ʸĳ͢Աġ


100 ǳϻ
Ҷ˽ɱ¾֮صĵһ죬ֹӴ֮жȹġ
ƽԭϣǧǵ׷𣬾Ҳ
ֻǼʮֻҶ˻ܹӦû뵽ȺȻʮͷΪһȺ໥֮ȴмǿϵһͷȺӦ
ҶͷҲǸɵʮֻǣû뵽ЩԽԽ࣬ɱʤɱƽԭϵıԵѾȺɱ˹ҲƽԭǧֻȺ򾡹壬ҲȻľɥ֮¡
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ҶΪ˵Ṧãһֱ˵ԮŬûк֮ǡ
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֮ɱ֮Ϊģ޵ĳֶжϣ˸ӡȽԲʹģǵĿ
Ҷ˱ӵ;Уοƣߵ䵥߱Ǹϣҽ֮󣬱ʬ޴棬ֻһصѪͱСƾҺ;ĶǣϾЩĳɷ޾ˣ޿ֱͨʳøǿѪ⣬Ķǵ׷
ҶһٽʱǳģǸʱʼһ̲ͣݵıӣҹǼģرƳҶ֮⣬˶ѾˣȥȺ˵УֻΪۺҶˡ
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ʮ׵ĸ߶ȣһ㱻ȺԽ޺һЩԼͬ壬ͣϴܡ
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Ҷƣͣò˶һᣬϰǵ㽻Уʬ¾ʯͬһ˺ҧѪõǣʯ֮£ѾͽȻһ׳ѪζĴ̼Щʧȥǣ໥֮ںıԽԽ
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ôһṦĹѾѣڵĴȣϰɫâͬөһϵĺɫϾ㶼÷飬ʬӿ׹


101 ﰸ
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һӴլԺ֮У嶼в󳼵ĸۡฮ
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֣չõļңΪļҡΧĸۡһְװӡ
еסֻһΰۡеĶСԺ
ƵСéݶһԺǰԺһֻ󹫼ֻĸй䣬ͨũһǽﻹʯĥ
ԺаڷһΣһľƳɵҡΣ֣չõҲƳɵģÿпеʱ֣չöɹɹ̫յض顢Ʒ衣
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죬ȴѵõҡ
ֻϵ˲֣չã֣չòСԺʱԭõ⣬ϵı飬ȴǴƽϲ
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֣չʮĵУ˵˾ռߣѾȾĳëҪɱ˵ʱ򣬷ȥԽ׺ͣʲôﱨԺøеʱȴǱࡣ
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ˣʸŴʧ԰ǵ߸ˡһڹؼʱ̰һѣ
˳˳ӣϵЦٿȻţ֮ǰ΢ЦҪţҿóĿġ
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֣չ˵ģҵ˻ᴦõģ֤κε©ҹ˶ãֻ͢ʸʬʱҲĿ궢ĦϵġΪ췴֮ʱӰ죬Ըɱ˳͢ԱԳ͢ķ񱨸ĦҲ֧֡һ֮ߣŸᷴԵġ
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֮ǰһˮʱ򣬷ʬ塣
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ˣʸ̩ŭٿȻŷΧͬԱһ𴵷ʮһͬ紵⧲СҲˣлưֲŷס˲㱻ɵСӡ
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ͬʱҲǳ͢˾лʵΪ׽ܻ̼ࡱĴܹܡ
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ࡱʱᡰӥò̫󣬴ʱĴɣ
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Žµݹʪëһ߲֣һ߻˵ʸŵ౻ͳˣͬһָֻɵġԷڼľ֣Ҳูͱ˽ȥõıȫõֵ֡ˣҪôǼݻʸŵģȻ඼һͳġ
ʸ̩ŭ̵Ļ쵰ҷһҪץΪʮ幫𣡡
СľͺˣҪֻʮ궼ûа취
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ŵ˵ͷ˵ʸһжûֵ֣ʱ򣬻ԷһնֱۣõĿֵ֡ʵֻѾԽ쾳ˣһ֣пһ֡СԷõǽϵĹĹûô
˸ԵͷͬʱҲû뵽̫ྐྵȻôķ
ʱ䲻ˣذɡźٺЦҲҪ콫¡һŤͷ˻ʸ̩һۣ˵ʮӲҲҪôãūһȥʥɡ


102 繷ǻ
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һԲɽµɭ֮Уһα˴֮Уδʱһô׳һ㵹ǵڶãá
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˵ˣǲ𣡡ҶŭӸʱ˿̫꣬ӵˡԼȻķһɫġ

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ǺһЦҡͷ˵λϾӪʮ꣬ΪʧȥʱİأǺǣúúã벻㻹ôǿʤȥһʥ˵ģĹʥģʥ֮ʣʵõļֵġ
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ʱ֣չһԣںڰС
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103 ʧ̬
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СȨΪᣬƽΣҲ˷ʱۼѣȻֻ뷨תһ룬ƽС̶̫ƽмӵȴһı飬ĵȴ¶һ˿ĸо
С̫༴ϳʱ򣬹زĻʸ̩ѹֲסԼȻֹס֣


104 Ӱ췢
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ʵûƽλҲôûдԭֵİ˽֮ͤڣֻ»ʸ̩һ˹ıӰȻǿһ

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Ե޵ӢūͶء
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̫ˣ͢ٴ䣬ٴңһԹӸˣױԥӣĻҪһЩһЩźá̫ظ飬պ˷ô죿ӷô죿Щֵܷô죿Ȼʹһأһ֮˽˽أΪ£̨ΪҰļң͵ⲻ֪ȴΪһͬҲٸʹһˣپʱ򣬾ҪԼ϶ȷķֱǰȥǰ浲·ǽɽʮڻûƲͷԣһδѹϡ
ʸңǿգ꣬ͻȻʵʮǼֵôˣš˵˵ǸԸҶСӡ
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105 µϢ
ᵽǸѦ޲ڵҶСӣʸ±һЦ¿ִ֪磬ΪûгΪֹУֻǿšʹݱɡź켶ѧȥˣ뷨޴Ŀԡ
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ʸüͷ΢壬ԭҶΪʱŵĻץеĹؼɻʵŶʲôѧƶȣʲôѧƶȣҽ
Ž˵ѧƶȺѧƶȣ˲ŵҪֶΡ
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ѧ֮ѧ˲ţҲ⽱ѧҩ֮ĶƫԵṩҲҪѧԱѧһ
渵һ״δķо֪࣬ĹأŶеӰҲ˵˴š
ô˵ôĿҪƽеľӢһඣ
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Ҷִؼķ̫޶ΪԼУ̰֮ͽ졣ҶĿʱټһֵĻȻǷףٶġ
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ݵɣѹͿطԸἵɵ
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Σɵ𣬽ɵҶʹݺͺôܵ׵ֵıΪЩɣֻڣ֮˲ʧأ㼵ɣΪƹĴڣ
Ҳò˵ǣΪɵĳ֣ʧ˿еĻ̹Ĺƻչڳ͢˵ոʧ˿ʱԽԽ죬Ҳ˵صĻ֧ɣǳ͢Ҳûɲ֧ȷЧҳ͢ɡ룬ɣгսҪǿö࡭
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ˣʮɡ׽ڡˣųĽʦƫƫûһ͸Ը󣬶˽е߶ʮɵ˳ΪµһĳåֻҪΪԵģ˭˵ʹӣҲȥһѺ
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ʥءȷգûĵزڡܡĳãиһУС
һ·ϣҶעĻԼʶʱߵ˾״̬˯Ҳĺ绨ãһ˱ѣÿ˯߲СʱЩ۷˵Сʱ˯ѾԱ֤ıʱתڹ֤гҲͱ֤Σʱ˸ѡ
˶ΧĹ۲죬ҶҲʱ̱˶ں͢ľ䡣
͢ԴӽƬɭ֮һͻȻ쳣Ļ־裬Ǿءͣ¿̽ȻΪΣʶһصҶȴȫڶ͢һһ˸С
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ĺͬʱѾԳȺһ𣬶ĺҲһųȥ
Ҷŭ֮£绨һҲšħȥ˵ҪĿ˻ĺİȫ棬ԳǮҲһ¡
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ոոûõΣһΰ˵ͷ˸еΪصǣ͢ʧζʲô
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Ǹ˽ܸ͢Լʱ򣬶ǧؽһҪЯŽᣬͬڡʥءΪȡӽʯĻᣬѧصʯͷһΣǱøø٣ø
ڣ͢ȻҲԼƽȥľٶһΪڵһθе˵ĲͲΣΪг˷ŭ
ոչԳ˲䣬ƺԳȺ͢Ӱ͵һ㲻ټǴ˵ʧѾõġ׾Թ϶ôĿѵΪ˽Լ鳤޵Χôˣֻ͢ȥӦûڸĳȴʱ
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ҶĶ䣬׽һ˿ͬʱ˲䣬;ǾָЩ鳤ޣǵΪ
в֪Լ˵ΧͼԼ˲
ֻϧҶȷһ˿Ĵڣȴ޷ȷ϶Էľλãֻܼװûǰɱ

Ҷ˵ȥԭڼսĵطԶһһ¡ߴ˳رס˼ȵ͢ĶѾԶˣԳˡ
͢ʧĵطԶϵĸҶһ󶶶͢һԵش˳λߵ˵Լõģǰɱ⼸ˣǵġܡ֮󣬱뿪ʥءģΪʲôǲ֡


108 ʿ
͢˵Ҫ֪ҲԶطɲΪʲôʯǰǽӣͬʱҶ⼸ˣǻȥ½֮󣬸ǵļƻӰ졣
޵һ㶣ʵôһδСӣҲ赲ǵĴأ
͢ߵ֪ǰǰɵͲô˵˰ɣ
ʲôˣ߾ûšͨ赡䣬ҼҽǰֻõһƬѾΪڡS˳񡯺͡뾵Ҫˡ
͢˵ͨ赡챦֮һһĶȻǱȲϵģһƬƬܸҲǺġ
͵һ˵͢شﲩ㹻İϧ֮ˣԴϲںģȴǲӵõĺɽ
͢п޵˵ˣˣЩܸоͻļһ˵ûҪѻ⳶Զˣ˵ǴӦҵôɣ
һİ͢ʿĳŵģֻһЩʣЩ˵еġܡȻԸֺ֣αǵðնأ
Ǿȥ
ģԳɾƵ׷ԻסǣȵǡܡһǱɡ
뵽ЩʿǸԿԳ޵ˣ͢вɵ÷һ˿Ϣ
ϣǵİܹ⡣
͢ģµ뿪ȫʿϡڴ֮ǰ»Ҽҽ˼ٴѯ£Ļ֮Э㲻Э鲻֪ʲôʱʵ֣Ǵ󽫾ѾȴʮĹ⾰ˣʵڲٵȥ
Ǵ󽫾꣬ǵʮ꣬ϰʱ䣬ʲô
͢벻ҪսʿٶҼҽԲѷƽҰɲţҲҪֽ͢һˡ۾һɣסʿĵ
͢Цһؿ˶Էʿһۣ˵ңҲСϵҪٸұȻһ£Ҷһֻ֣
۾΢УΪ߲ܿƵزֻǼԷɱ·ʲôûзһվ
͢͵ɫһţתȥҶʧķ򣬻˵ת󽫾˵ҷ˴ӦѾ׵ֻʱһȻʵֵŵ
ʱʲôʱ򣿡
͢ааһЦˣòʱ䣬㵽ˡ

ҶšħԸЩмޣƻǵķͱƴֽһףʱô߱׵ͱЩ޵塣
Ե鳤ޣһص˵ϣϢȫޡ
ΪҶǰٶȲṦ϶٣Щ鳤޵ĹѹûжϹ
ʱ˱Щ޲ҪĹܵ˺
䡪
绨вֻħԳں󱳵һֻǽеĴһգһֻĺıħԳԴȵϡãܵػǰ̤˼һ٣Ҳֱӽһͷббһãһ˺ѵأ
һ޴ɣֱӽ͵ϮֻħԳΪΣͬʱǵɫѲٿȻɳʮֻɢ鳤޻ӳΣ޵Ĳ棬ʱȻʹУ˻
ֻħԳػ绨һѪӿˣδˣ޵Ĺ绨ԣеĴͬȼŽɫĶ·ɣ۵ǰȫȷɣ΢һЩıħԳ˵ЩСһЩԳһ֮±ѷǣʬͬõһҷɡ
ҶСħ̫ڡ㽣߳绨ʹܲ͸硭˹һʶҲһ飬˵ûдĿܡ
ڰĬĬ˵ʿ㿪ʼԣȹķʽΪص㹥ùҶȹĸ֣صĺϡ
ϵСԳɡʿӻͳһ͹ѣƴһһ˶õĲԣԲͬ˹е鳤ޡ
ֻǻûȵ۲칥ʽı֮Ч㷢ˡ


109 
ԳɽڷУոմ˵һʱԭֱǰɱҶٿȻһͬһ㣬ڿӯһ۷ٿȻԼͬʱڿͻȻס˶䣬һ壡
ԳٿȻһ㶣壬ʲô壡
֮УҶǸȻһ
ˡ
һۿɼĳ̶Ѹɢ˲ȫ֮ͣУʱԳֻеԴ˵һǰһڣԼеһѣΣһɶĵĸоԼ˲ʧȥ˶Ŀƣ˫ס˶䣬ħԣңۼҶƹȴһ˲ҲԿ
Ҷŵڵ಻Զһֻ޴ħԳȻǸڵͲڱħԳı
ҵ֮ҶͣԷ˹ȥͬʱʾ绨ʩչʨӺסΧޡ
˾ٹȻ˳䲻ЧΧͬʱʨӺסҶʩչṦݵشȺд˹ֱ˶ڱħԳʿԳɡ
ʿԳȻҲǿߣڣֻſ鳤޵ĳʿĶܵãʱ鳤޶ʨӺסһʱԿƣֳ֡ħҶĹ伸޲ߣؿŶԷ幥ǰһˡ
ڴʱҶͻȻеǰһڣԳɵֻħԳͻȻнѳƴصҶǰˡ
ߴ
ħ͸˱ħԳţӿѪԳһ͸˱ħԳġħǷļ׶̶ƿˮһ͸ԳɵĻ֮ǰԳɵ򡭡
ǶϽ۵죬ԳɲҺһпƵ׵
ҶֱͣһıħԳϷ˹ȥͬʱħ˳Ƴ˵Գɣֻץסˣʳʱεԭί
ҶڼṦԿץֵʱǸİСŻεļ򣬵Ź֦ϣӵǧһ㵴˰ȦöܹҶ˻һţбŷ˳ȥ
ҶᡰסһҲڿתٴԷɾôһɲǣոձסѾָǣȻ󲿷ɥʧжмֻ䳬ıħԳȻתҶס׷

ҶƴһֻħԳڰγʱǸٹѾʧҰ֮ڡ
ҶߣΧֻ鳤ʬ壬Ǳ绨ġʨӺԳħԳԼӶ֮ҲŲ·ɢӣʧ˴֮С
ӦֺĳֻħԳһҵġ޹ħԳ𡭡ˡ
Ҷ̾˿˵ûϵǵĵ˲ô򵥣ֵ͢ȻԷϵĺ˸е졣
˴ͷʱһԵ绨˹ץһٿŵҺ˴СĻҰɫˣ滹ϡϡմѪ˵ˣٿŵͼˣʮǽӽмľˣСջˡ
绨лҰʮ꣬ڶҵ˼ΪϤֻСһṦռ˴ϵ޾ˡ
ۼֵҵľҡ
ӬСҲ⣬ֻҪûеʱ䣬ҶֹΪ͡
ãߡ
ҶһϺȣȳ˳ȥæȥ

ʸ̩֮ǰھһҹ
һҹ纮ټ϶Ը׵ʧĸоص˺
ججڴʱ䣬һ۷ĸ˵ǼѰ顣
ʸ̩ܾκ˵̽ʼҽƶǣֻСԣ֣Ʊʦֵ˻⣬֮⣬ûκ˿Խӽʸ̩
ȻĻʸ̩壬Ϊִֵӣȫûа취ֻǿʮӣܹԼȥǵ
ʱա
һȦĻʸ̩³˵ǰԭĿ⣬ø䣬ʱʱðһ˿Ĺâ
ͨ⼸յ˼ʸ̩˸ΪᶨҵԼҪĶԼҪɵ顣
ͬһʱ䣬͢ĦҲ˼Ϊشľٶ
ԭдʵ۵ĵܵТΪΡ߸ͳ졣
Тʸǻʸµĵܵܣ꾸۶ȡλʱǸʮĺӣʮȥλʸҲǵ˿ԶһˡʸȥޣȫǷǸĵӣ书ҲǾ׿ָ㣬ݳѾǻʸһˡʸųΪ߸Ĵͳ죬Ҳʵ顣
飬ȴŭеĻʸһٳսᣬʵ۵ɺܼ򵥣ڻʸŵĴδ֮ǰκ˶Ǹλϡ
ʸԽľٶеĴ󳼱ܷŭڻʵ۵ķŭûиƽ֮ǰ˭Ҳ밲͢е⼸ͣ״̬ÿϳΨһĿģṩķ
飬͢˾ߡ
ĦΪ͢棬Ħ֮µߣÿһආÿһ߲㣬Դ϶Ӧͽ
֯͢ƽĦԼİԽΪɽʹ֣ԵȺչĦҲһڵţֵӣԳ͢ƽѹǸ˾Ϊɡࡱ֣չΪ˧߸λָʹ͢ξ͡߸ľ񹹳ͬʱפݵˮ½λҲ֧ԮԤƻҵʿһͬᡣ
ͬʱٰ׵еǿߣȫµİ׵ȫڳԶڱĳ׽ڣҲóˡÿɳĵӲˣΪޣݵϷٰǼᣬַͬĦ롣
Ħ룬Ĳݣ
ּ͢һࡱ֣չñʵ۱ˣͬʱĿ޴˾ǿߣһӳ˳ǧֳٵʿĵҲҪʱģ͢ľٶǿƣȴĦ㹻ʱ䲼á
͢ƽ֮٣ֹۡ
ʱڳ͢йԱڼǰݵĿյʸ̩һʱ侹Ȼҵ̫లţԼҪ
Ҫȥǰߣʲô취
оһٺЦȥݸʮ幫סūһطʺʮүͬʱҲǱҪʮүȥĵطǲ֪ʮүҲˡ
ʺϵĵطϣȥĵط
ʸ̩üͷһ壬ʵ
ɭһЦ˵ħ
ʲôħʸ̩һĲţﲻѾȸƣһ˶ûô


110 
ʸ̩ΪʲôԼĸʣҪʱԼȥǸѾ˵ĵط
ѵʶҵԹѾ˵زҪԼǸ֮У
еľ޴Կȴ֤ԼǵĽɫͽҰ˵ĺףֻҪϲʱ뿪Կ׾֤
ǻɻ󣬻ʸ̩СӺ֣Ʊ롢лưйƷɣһ·򱱣嶼ԱĴɽ֮С
ʲôڵȴԼأ

͢ڿ˴̣ҪԸĦ롣
ĦһҲʾֱ췴ȳԽδʱԽ֮ر㱻ʮǿİնͷ׽ӦĽ
֮˶Եʱ򣬡ķϣһŵİ˶ǻȻԭνĺڵ桰Ħ롱Ȼа̡̡侭Ӫʮ֮ãĿıΪ˳췴
ڡ̡ͬʱ֮֮ɽأģڽ̳ͻһͷıͽ³һ˴죬ɫĵǽɫĻ棬аеġݻ̡ҲٴγǰռС֮󣬰ݻ̵Ҳʼݺݷƹ
½а̣˰̺Ͱݻ֮⣬̫ƽȻҲڼݵɽɫӭչ̫ƽͽ̫ƽʼڴƻɱӶ֮󣬳ų͢δ̫ɽӪկģȻһ㲻ȾӪʮĦ
а𶯡
͢ƽѵʵ׽⣬ֻǡࡱ֣չһȻ޷Ӧ˶ķѡ
ԭ߸ͳĻʸʵΣһֽگɵ̫ɽͬʱּݡɣ͢ٵ߲£ȫ˼ᣬТʸͳһȣƽѡ
ǰ͢Աһ£һϣ͢嶼֮пѾȵĿ飬͢Ϊֲȱ֣һʿǲٻųΪһ㹫ԱϣԶ嶼ȴпֵܻ
а̵ĳ֣˽һ꣬ɶĻ̻̣ǽϸӽսԵĵطңŶմţ֮ڵĹǸɳһڳ͢δ֮ǰĦİͽ
͢а̵ȻҲš
򡰰ݻ̡ݡ̫ƽӢȫµߴٿᡱϢ¼־֮ʿɵһչ֣дެ͡Ԫ˧ӡö֮ˣֱӻáԪ˧ķţдެش裬ֱӳΪެĹ壬ͬʱҲΪ̡ݻ̡Լ̫ƽͳԪ˧һƷʸͳΡ
Ϣһ¼ȺΣӵϡ
ɲΪа̵ġԪ˧Ȳܣдެݴףνɹ˿أ췴ɣҲԵެȥܺùڻʸжصĹӡ
ֵһȫµ׼֮ͽ׷׻ȸԾвľ޵ħԼصص˳һؼյĻᡣ
һ٣ڡᡱͷҲĴڷͷϣһʱѹ˳͢ġݡ
ƵĴԣ˵⡰ᡱ˵ԴϹţһǡϾ̫ƽΪᣬǡ˼ʥ𡱳Ϊᣬǡչŷ·Ϊᣬһᡣ
ֻǴ⴫˵ɿνġᡱʵΪа̡̫ƽݻ̡̡֮͡ʱƭͽĿںţ˵ǷᣬаӦԳ͢Χˣչķƴᡣ
⡰ݡ롰ᡱһһа붯֮У߷׷վӣ׼һµɱ

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Ҷѩɽѩɽĵ׶˿ʼǰ⸱
Ȼһ·׷ɱųıӻӦʱϣ֮ء
Ҷһ˰ɽʱʬ嵱һֺķҶ֪Ⱥ׷ɱĵù˭
šˡ
ǸǡšǿеǸž޴ļһ
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Ҷ̧ͷһɽ壬˵ӻı䳡أɽɣ캮ضģҲ֪˭ѡĵط
˭ôɱһǿߣֶԲ׶Ըɫ˵ô죿Ǽߣȥ
ĺ㵭ЦЦ˵ϱߵĸǲ֪ܷȡʤ׷ѾһǵԿܹȡʤˡ
ʲôںȻĹˣǰããһƬѩܿõӰء
ҶһЦħڼϣʩʩȻ˼˵ôС£ץϹ˰ɣ㣬ʱı䣬ɲǿ۾ȡʤģǸо
Ҷ߲߳ʱ򣬺һ죬ҶǰԼµıѩȫգԭѾѩڵסߣȫѩڸ
ݡ
һ˺ѷ籩ѩɫķдͬɫıѩٿȻ˳̼㵽Ҷǰ
ҶЦһСħһɵؽпķɣһ˱ѩ籩Уеظ֣
䲻۾о
ڲҶĹѾ˾أߵֻ֣ĺһ㣬⻹ΪϹӣоһأһѧϰ˷ǸġԪԵʡ
ڶû˵ĻԵƾʲôҶһԶɽСʿܴﵽ˵ѧأ
Ȼɻ󣬵˵򶨣Լѩ籩涣ıϴмΪš
һյĹıѩͻȻһ٣¶һѩ԰סŰײݸߣʩչĹƸʹһ룬ȻһɲǼͻľ޴ʹ࣬ʹ߾ʹϮպüһ׶Сأ
ŭȪѪż׶İγ罦ݸߺ㹾˼еȫȻıǵȿɲıһӰеȫѹȥˣ
ѩ׵̿£ʱίˣѩױңԷŰײ˫ֽСŨѪҺϽϵİײȾһɺ죬ţ鴤ţŬͦȴһθΪҵĲˤ
׷Ҷ˵ˣ˫ȴŭաĿ
ͬ۾ԲԲģССڡ


111 ѩɽ֮
ֳεҶҲǳʱɣһǱ
ϵ˵ҶҲڵһˣһǲơ
ǰ˺ۣһֱߣĻǰ˺һģһ·һ͸һ㡣ֻҪ΢۲죬ܷ֣ԷһֻǿҶƤⶼû˺
ˣҶѪҲǲҪӿ
æº󱳵ѨҹֹѪҶݵ˹ҲֱӳԸ
ȻҲؼʱʲô޴ϾҶһɶս
벻һĵ֣ҲôϬҪؼʱħԣöԷ֮³˰ֻҪȡʤûô򵥡
ҶԼԵǸ͸֣Լµľ֣ΪԼȫѹƶԷڼϣԼֲڶԷܹڽ浱ռˣȻûϵᱻʱʹһС˫ն
ͬʽ߾Ȼǰ˵ͬʱҶķɵͬĶҶǱл
ҶƵǣԷδһʱ¶ĹֻϵͱԼ֣ԼġĦڭ޹ûзһֱڵµķɵֱ󷽲ų֣ɱԼһֲؼʱ̣ħͱ˶ԷСöԷδ˳ȫͬʱղ塿Լһ
ߵƣδ˵ֹֻ࣬ڱƤ
ǿߣһֻ׷ߵͷӣϾ͵һѾʮˡĺԺȵ
ĸͬʱѩɽ嶥ȥ
˲ã׷߿ѩϵǾʬʱ򣬿ŭĺɽ´ʯͷϵĻѩµ
ѩغѩɽԵҲõѩ֮飬ӶԷĺУԸоõС쾳ڵʵǵ죬Ҳˡ
ɲǸʲôϢ

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ͬǣҶĵطɱأ̩ĵطȴڡ
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̩ѾˣѾǰǸ嶯֪ˡ
ѱóȶҴֳԽһеš
Ҷֵ̩֮һֱסɽչ䡣
һμôߵɽôѩȻϷˣ̩֪Ϊʲôڼʶɽϵİѩ֮󣬱޷˵ذ
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ǲµѵɵģµķԴĵͨķɵġ
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֮ǰ˾ͽһɽû֪͵ĵ˳ͼᰡ
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̩֪ǰ˲ôΪ˿ĵһǿӲɡ
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߹ɽʯʱѵȻˡ
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˾ͽͷ俴һһ͵̩һЦһ仰û˵תߡ
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ĵͻعͷЦڶʮ֮ǰöҸղ£ʸҵ֡͸һҵְɡ
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תȥӣƮ䡣ɽд̴УһûелԶĵطȥһζ

֮ǰ˽ӻԲ幫һ޴ΧףڱӻΧڲ˽սᱻ֯ȡʸ񡣶ɥʧʸˣֻһ
ÿӻһֻſԹƽÿ˿һšܡΪעμӱʤ߳˿ԵõԷġܡ֮⣬ڱӻϰ˸СʱֻһСʱʱ
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113 
Ҷ˵ǰɫɽ塣
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114 
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һضɽҡâҫ֮䣬ٿȻһ޴ĿӶԳһ˻ɫӿһͬͷһűî˾ֵס弸𶥵һš


115 û
˵ĽΧɽʯɿ͡
ڵµλ֣һĲŵı飬ԼΪʲôᱻװǻƵĶ淢֣ԷʵȻһ˵Ϊǿһ
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գȫϤӻλã죬ÿһʱֻͻȻһգܿҶ˵ֺϻͬʱ㿪Ҷ˱Ϯ
ϢؿٽȻ˶ûзһʮڵľʱ׵ıҶ˱Ĺ
Ħڭ޹棬ܹ֪֪Χڵб仯ڱ˵ͻȻϮҶ۾Ҳܸеľλú;ⷽĸ֪ϤջҪǿһ
˱͵ϮʱͷҲصȥͬʱȵǼߣš


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Ȼӵ֮ǰǸĵ٪̽Դ˵ˣԷıԲǷĻֻ»ᵽļ𡣡

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ʱҶѾһŽɳ޵ʬˡšʬ׹ŨУת˲ʧ

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ϵͷٿȻͷֵشߣƻѵʥش㲻ô
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Ҷ˰ȵص˶ĸ߷壬ͷ˻ŭȺ쵰Ҫɱǣ
Ҷͷ˵Ŀ˷ܵػ֣елλˣҵ
ϵˣȻ̣һͷȻȴ˷ܵЦƷı㲻Ҳֵᣡٺ٣ҪõһҪõ
оյصˡšҶ̾һ˾Ŀע֮£ħֳȺЩɵ۵Ļ˵λֵܣҪҪһԵСƣԶٱأ

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һƬ֮У黺γеı񡱣дı۹񡱷ųİ׹⣬ϵһ㣬ȲҲº
鸧еı񡱣񰡣Ἰʦս꣬ΪӮ޾ɵİ裬ҲһͬܡŰ֮ҲؼյһɡһڵˣգҪһӦսóĳһͬᾡ¸ְɡ


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սݵĺڵɡɽׯׯѪ˵
ݺڵ׵ڶҲضã˲ݺڵưӣ·ݵжҪ֧·ӲܵͨУƸü֮ǰ˵뵱Ͻϵǳܳڻİݰֵܡ
Դӳ췴ʧ֮λԭֳ֧ĺڵУ㱻͢ѹռ䣬Ҳǳ͢һֱвԸ⼸ȻԽԽܴջŹ
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⣬⾡ࡣ
ɽׯãһ֡Ѫ˵۽ʮ꣬ʮǰѾ쾳۷ĸ֣˳Ϊʮ֮ĸ֡
ʮʱȻδܲ롰龳ȴսۺɱǳġ
λڸλ㼫෴ĺ¶ڽǳģⷽսɵţҲ֮С
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쳤̾ȼе׳֮顣

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ΪЩ˵գԵӵ⼸һֱɽǵļС
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˵꣬һתŴɨߡ
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118 ϼ
ҲƴЩ΢΢ΪԷԼĶֶԼƴ϶ԭΪ˶Էֱʦ֮ɵĵ˵ʦһ󣬾˿Ĳ衣
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ĸɽׯһƴɫȴ˿ɽׯӾ㶼Ǵһ벻ͬŮӵСʿȻ˾ǿһʱͬʱе޹⣬վƴ̧ƴϥѡ
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ֻһԭƴϳԸû뵽֮ƴϵ˫ȴ͵һһͷײɽһ㣬ɵͬʱһ¶˲ŵı顣
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ⲻ֪ƴԲϲȻס˳̿ĵҲֻǽסûȫתԷֻǸղŵһ֣̿ܵصˣϾϼ񹦡ڹۺơ񹦣ʱޣϼȻͣǵأƲɵ
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ƴ벻ԼʱԷ棬ԷҪ䱾ؼӺԼԭƴϻΪղԼ˶ԷӵܶĴһ˿˿Σʱŭȡ
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ƴһŭŸԷƣ˫һתһߣȻŷˡ
̿ϵĴ󻷵Ȼ˾֮ʱһ󻷵ɫΪΣ̿аԼʦȫܿƵ̿߰˲ֹ֮סƣȫɫ԰׵ȻأŶڶѪһ˫۾صƴϣȴ˵κλ


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żһصĶɽׯӣΪⲨ˵䣬һʱЩ֪롣
ԭǱ㲻ŴӸģΪսɣͻȻɣĿΪֻ˷ɽŵС̣ǴͬйϵļˣȸŸɵĵһɱɱԷ֪֪ն񡢶ɽׯ
벻͵ʴףԼһ˻ûɵضͱһɨصСʿƷһƬʵ̫ˣҪüĸ֪֪ôͷء
ͬʱҲɵöԹޡĵôɨصأͣĹǷŵЩʮɵУҲ״һصĲŶԣôܷɨأ
Сʿûô򵥡
ıһԼһ˵ıȺ쵰
뵽˴ɵòȻŭ˿ȥҪԼһƣⳡ衣
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ǣΧֵܶĶɽׯǺʿҶɽׯһϣʿ
ׯķԸȺڵɵĵʲôη֮ģ׻˵˫ȭѵ֡ǰСʿֵۣҲ޷ͬʱô˵Ϲɡ
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쵰
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ܲסĵ߷ߣ˵Ҳ̲סһѪ¶۾һ˹ȥ

Ҷ˵õ֮׵İ˸Сʱʱ䡣
ɽ򹫾Ϊˡšȴûеһʱͨʧֻصһˡ
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̶̼죬Ҷ˵ġܡû٣ö
ҲҲӦðѶġܡĺˡǡֶһЩ֮˵
ȵһôҲ٣ֽ׶ǻΪҸطǲ֮ٳǱ𲻳١ⷬõ˰ҶڵĹ㷺ͬ⡣
ǡֶںʳ˹¼ҹˣû˶滹вٵĵˣҪǣʥء֮УûŽһĶ飬һ˻޷֤ġ
Լģǡֶһʱ˼Ҷ˵Ļ顣
һ֪׵߼룬仹ǿߵġǡԷڳвԼһˣùˣɱ¾֮أڶĿıС
һˣȫпܰԼһ˵ɺ˵ףôԽ鵱أ
Ӧɴ飬а˳ɿǾܾԷ飬Ҷʱ˷ܵصͷӦĳ̶ȾһԲзۼԼżһ
ڼΪĲĺҲʾ֮ͬȫĬˡ鵱УֻĺվԼһߣֲܹͬҶһĺҲҶͬԼκᱻӵ
̾Ҷ˵ѩ̿ǡֶǱ㹻ĸл֮󣬸ƣֻҪܹŵһУԽԼصġܡԼ뿪ķ֮ȫ͸Ҷˡ
Ȼ󣬡ǡΪʥеӶĳåҶ˽ȫͬīƴ˵֮Լļɡ
ӻ֮У˸ʱġʱ䡱Ȼ뿪ӻ㲻Чصĳأõķ档
ڶɽ򹫾һŰ˸ʱһҶսҶˣһɽ壬ȫԲصȵ˸ʱֱߣΪһ֣Է㷢Ҷ룬Ҳ޷׷ֻؿҶԶȥڻδļ˵Ǳս;ֶΡ
ⲻѾʹСʱҿ²˳٣ӦöҸطŶҸطȵٱ𲻳٣
Ҷſ򡰻ǡֶ͡Сڣɷ˵ԴǵˡʥءǾ֣ߵﶼǱ˼׷ƨɿɱڶ书ͻͽԾƶȻͻȻרзҪﲻֶʩ԰㣬Ϊأ
æ̡
Ҷ¶һ˿ŵЦһ֮ҪĴҸս޹Ķ֣λֿϺҶԲУԼֻ̣֮֮ҪʮĹ򣬾ͿʤʮŬһ˭뵽ʤᣬڲϵĽУȱֻµĴ̼ˡ


119 Ϊ
ڶؿҶ귽ʧЦһɻʵóҪ֪ǺҵĹϵһ򲻴׵ΪȴôøҺѵڽ֮ʱʹɱ֣Ǹôŵùңҿɲô׵ǡ
ҶЦһδ𻰣һԵĺȴӹ˵һ㻹ַģҶֵܵΪŵԳСĳŵǿԴƱģȻҶ֮йһЩ죬ʢ֮ʱΪЩ⣬ʱǶһϵƣ֣ıͬʱֵһɽׯǺαء
һԵ绨ҲЦһ˵˷ģҾҪɵ㣬ҲĴ㣬ʲôıƵġ
绨вĻɫһȴЩͬУֱֱȥĻȻȴ١
ڿһҶ˸˸˫ۣתͷŴȻںڰеգ΢Цĳϰ˶ǺֻȨ֮ƣֻΪԴҶ˵洦Ҳ߷ޱҪһŻһת˵ȻȨ֮ƣ˵һһٴνԣʱɱ˵ĳ˷飬ˡ
˵úãĺȽеӢ۱ӦдǣΪ׷۷壬պνҲҪƽһսǰΪΨһ֮ǒȥһжԹС
۾һ˵ˣҶֵļƲ߰ɡߣ˭ҪڵҶʲôӹ
һԵġǡֶͬʱͷҶֵļƲ÷ǳĶʵʥءеĲߣйٶѾ˺Բĸ֣ȵõʸ֮󣬵һʱǽ쾳硣ҶֵĲԸЩ˵ķͬС죬пԡֻܲȥǷʱóȥ̽Ϣʲôأ˵ʵֵڡʥء켣ô꣬Ȼ˹˾ЩǴڵģ̽Ϣڻ¡
ĺ룬ԵΪ֮ƣǲҪĺáȻԾƶļƲߣͲҪƻҪ֪һǱ¶٣Ǹɽ򹫾ˣȵ۹ӵˣκһţЩֵһʱġɽ򹫾ʵۺɱ֣ǸرСˣԣķֻ˵˵ѡֻҪǶԱѰǣǱ㼫пܻɳ֮
ڵͷͬĺ˵úãʮǱ뒁һУר־ʱ侺һУҪʮ֮˵ȥҲֻǰ׷ϣͽȡ衣οɷҪ߸ͽ²ֻǶӣ̻̲գ˻ʲô˼
ҶһЦݵ˵úãǾͶʮ죬Ȼ󷢶ķáʥءаǵɷļһףǼ˿ɲҪ˵ġ
ݵҲµòѰʱǶĴ¶Ŀ̽ǵϢȻΪǼ˶Ȼȥִԣһ׼ãǵģȻ֣þǼԷչʱˡ
ĺϲ˵ĿǰҪģܶʥءǲôϤǲصòãֻǱƷ죬ѵ
Ҷգգ۾һѽǡ§ڻһЦ˵ҲǧټƵذͷҪûʲôüֵôðôķأ
˲ɵһ㶡
ǡֶεӣ㬵˵Ȼ⻰ôһЩôٻЩĵġ
˲ɵúȻЦ
ôһͻľʹҶ˱ܹһɱ֮ǼϣٿؼԵһ

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ϰ´ؽЩΧм䣬Ŀбӣɱˡ
ʦ壬ҲǡѪ˵ʦܡɱȡȨʱվСĸǰһŭ䲻ӣȴû˵ֻһſ˿ʦֵܣ¶֮ɫҲûκεıʾһԡֻǽеһߴؿڵڸȣ͵һ٣һɳʯﵽһ࣬ʾۺڹ
⴫һɭɭЦЦķһİ´󺺶ʱѿһͨ·¶һŽ۵Ρߣ뷢ǹӥ˫Ŀݣγһޱȵӣ߻һॵॵײڶ߱һĸߴİ꣬һѺ񱳽˿󻷵ǾġѪ˵ˡ
ĿһڵۣȴϲĴͷ¶棬ݸ֮ٶϵɽׯ󣬸а·ӣǸص̼֡ҡɣֻҪݵ⣬ⲻҪһϵñ
Ҫˮ·⣬Ҳûֵܵչ˵ݣɽׯͳսŶ˵һһţݶҪǿҶһһףȴల¼ʮ꣬˵ˮˮδЩˣڲ²߰ʲôᣬǿɲܹͨ˵Ц顣
ʱЦųϹŵһŶɽׯӣæٽӷһЩֱð亹Ϊ˽λׯЦʱ򣬱鼫ȶӣɱڼʱ
ߵǰ˵ѵһƬТģǰҪӣҳ㿴޴ӵʧ͸ϰգƫƫͷԼɣ
ͷ˵ֻƬ
תḧԼġѪ˵˵Ȼ֪ˣҪ֪£Ҫܵͷεĳͷǡ
۹һݣֳ鵶ʣǺһ͵һһţȵٴζۿʱ򣬡Ѫ˵Ȼʡ
ۡ
һͬȪ𣬹ڵصභɽׯӣ˳̿ճɶˣ˸ӣͷ­
һţɱǣΪҵĶӻͽܣֻΪǾûΪׯӣ֮Ľʵڶˣȥ󣬸Һú÷ʡǰ书ûͻƣͶϴɾ˲ӣŵԴɡ
˵һϯֱ̧Ⱦߣֱɽȥ
´󺺣ɱڵɽȥɱȡȨ̾һֹûڵ϶ɸˣ˶ȥ


120 ɽ
Զѩڻѩˮڴ˴γһСϪ£ϪˮɽԶѱⲨ㣬εΪۡ
Ҷϥһ֮ϣĹľԽӰס³һҶ˫ۡ
ĸʱĬڤ޺󣬸ǰľȻһ䣬ӯʵĶ˸о
Ҷеοǣһֱרѵġղ塿ٴͻƣɹͻ˹ĵأ£˼Ҫλ֮⣬طһףκμ׶˺ֺܹ˾
˹Խ󣬷ԽԽ˵ıϣǽˣ˵ǳ
ͬһʱ䣬ڡղ塿ľҶ֮ǰһЩҪľѨҲӹ˴롣
ЩѨӴ󣬵õձ֪ѾʮԼݶδֹϵѨֻѾһǧٶ鲼ȫ£Ҷʣʮ˸ΪҪľѨûһȫɣҶȫ½ûһҪڣղ塿˴ɡ
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ǡǡֶ˵һصطȷе˵һƬи߷еһ԰ɽİɽϡ
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ҶЦǺǵؽҧһڣȻˣѵ绨иʦǼҰûа׵ϼϾ£Ūζռ̾һʵУأ
绨ĨһͺĴͣСӲ֪㵽ĺͻɽѵѵĺСӵķӦ
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ΪҪǣΪֶڣĲĽǴӡʥءɱȥһ֣ڡʥءҲùʯݻѧѧǡһ⺮վݡֻоǿѧܴܿﵽ𼶵ĸ߶ȡ
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Ľܹ뿪ѵȫûô
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ҶɵʧЦѵֻܱͬԳһݣҶҲûֹ绨֮ȥֻǳĪҪɽ֮вźá
ʮɽεĹ죬˫弸Խ£϶Խ󣬵ȵ˽ף˫֮Ѿ׵ľˡ
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绨н߬Ŵ٣ûʧɽ֮УȻŵһ亹Ҳѡ
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TMDϻ鷳ˣ㿴һǷǡ빻ߣǣȻֻٴܵķݶˡ
Ҷ˻˵ֻ꣬ͻȻֱʱҶŷֹﾹȻȣʱ׳ĺŵأǰ±ץͷٺŵСֱ䡣
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ҶŵһӴ˴µа׵ľ룬Էһ±ڣ˲˶ʮףҶŹľ޴ͣͬһذһݣɺɫͷӿҶܹŵĸζ
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ʱԱߵĴ绨˷ܵؽøޣֵı𶯣սٻغϣ
Ҷһߡ


121 ޴ս
֪ǲԴеĴ̼ɽеĹٿȻÿֻ꣬ǰצͣץӣƬʯ䣬ץ˷ֺ
ǹְ취ûãıȥײ
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ʱΪ﷢ںĺԼǡ˶˻һ̽ת˲֮䣬ֻŵò֪롣
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ҶȻҲǺ£⿴ϻǵη֮飬ȵٷϻ׳գϲ
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顱һ죬ɽȶ˼Ļ
Ҷ˸ܵĵһײȥ𣬱ʯ׷׹䣬ʯӸߴڹϣߣǹ֪ͨײһҲϢģתͷײڶΡ
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绨ҳǼһﲻô˵湻޴ģⳤֻŵĹܽô˵ǡԽ湻ܳġ
ûط˸ۣ˵СԽȻΪһֻĶ㵱ɵôֻ󤲻֪ʲôԭֻԭ˶ֲ֪ʲôԭûг֡һֻԣмʳ߼Ʒ˵ޡ
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۵ĽϴƵĻҪøֻ߳βҲȴƵĶЩżӣƵȲ飬ÿν֮󣬱㽫ͷǿĶǣͷ۵һ۵ŪԺáͬʱҲУҪʮ̥С
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һŻǵĽܣһ߶Ա޵档
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ǹȻһڣЩˣ±µİ£֮ǰʯĺˮ̶Уˮһ󷭹ƺʲô޵ȻþһؽźˮʲôԼϢ
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˲䣬˱֪ˮеĶβͳ˱һֲ
Ȼ͵Ϯ֣Ǳ󤵽Ǻֻ֣˦˦ͷ㲻ԼƵһ£۹ݺݵضź桭
һĹâˮα˰ţſ޴ͣڹϮ֮ʱһڣβһѵ͵һ˦ͷںˮ̶еĶԸ˳
һ˲䣬ҶٴξΪһ˦Եͷ­ǲҶ˵ͷ˿ľɽµʯ̲ϡ
Լ봫˵еһģһֻûгצӣҲûнǣµŶҺÿһζҺʯ̲϶ðһ̣ϽһƬ
ȻǶԣ⼸ܹڻʯͷҺͷƤ飬ķ飬ΪֻֻԴҶͷϻȥʱ䣬ζƮһǰ㣬Ҷ˱ܣʵ
Ҷ˳ҩĳҩ˹˹ֿͬڵĶأɽµֻ߼ޣѾңңţʱһ޴սˡ


122 Ա
ɽֻ֮޵Ķţɽ֮ϣһȺڹսʱ׼Ҫ͵Ϯһѣʥءնô޵ĽǼΪģȼһҪش
ҪΪʥءļ޵ÿˡʥءڵ֪ޣӦõʥءĽĶУܡһƷ
ǱͶƴ֡Ǳ׷ڵأһ׳̵βͣһֱϺƤϸ۲ס⣬һһ׶೤һ׶ĳ죬¶Ŷ̽һݣֻСӳۣǰʮԶĶԡ
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ҶеĿ˸߼֮ĶԾ˺Ϸ۾һ˫Ŀʧĺ㣬ҲƵƵԪ鿴ֻ޵Ķ
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ǶԸֻͷһڣڱͷ֮ʣ塢ʮ׳Ʈ磬񳤺һ㵯ɶſ죬Żһĺţֱ󤾱ҧȥǺõ٣˲䳬˶Էĳ١
ʱվ쿪һĴȣδȿˣǶѿ쵽ľ£æͷһͣͷ͹׳޽һײ˶ͷͬʱƽͷһƫſֲĴаؾҧ
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һδҧŶԣǰ߸̧ͬʱСһͷſ죬׷Ŷϵͷȥҧڶڡ
֪жýݣӸջıٿؽβȻһ˦ס˱ͷϵĳǣһݣһɫâֻƽƽȦ
ԭǶԽתת糵һ㣬˲۹򣬾ͽ˺ü⻹Բ˱֮󣬲ضԷСٵĶתͷ󤾱ҧ
ʱڶҧɿգӷ˿ҲæֻͷһƬɫҪ֮зһĹֺ
Ƕ˦ס˱󤣬ſѪҧʱȴסҪĵطƤ֣ҧȥԾ涾ޱȣû֮Ҳ޷ԶƵУͬһ㣬ձۿа״ϸյýС
ֻһ֣֮ԾҶ˿ۻң̾ѡʱԲס˱󤣬ȡ˲Сƣͬʱսò˶ãͻϢһʱ֪Ƿȥˣǵֳ֮Ӯ֮ٶֲźá
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绨еĴȣֻһ£һĹȥ
ۼĺҲ˶ֵļһֱ۲жҶͻȻֹȲҪҶҿûô򵥣ǸȻסƻоûãԵúǳȡԵƬ̣ٶǾƣ֮ʱٶֲ٣
Ҷһ˵˻æϸƣŵı֣ȻͬҶ˵ƺе
ʱ򣬱ֺǶҲ̵Ĺ
ѱСԼһ룬ǱȻַͼӲסزǰԲ£Ȼͣٿһһȴֽֽ
мǰظߴ֡صϸȫһϱƳɵ߰˵Ȧ·ȫֻ°
ǶûϵͻȻֻһʱӦʧȥöϢֶΣϲȥʱ򣬱ƨɺһľͰϸĳβһȡһͬɽһʹóԲסˡ
Ƕһʹ˻˻һֽУ˲ٲУȱ󤳤βڶδ򵽣һ㣬һһת֮䣬нŶƽڳȥ塢ʮԶڵ̳һţǰһͷ
ǰ󤣬Ҳ۷׷Ϲȥֻתת붾ԣֶ׷дϢչºƿ˹ˮһֱð̡
ȻҶ˵ľУʹ֮󣬱Ҳļ
˲յʱǶԶִ編ơҪԺͽһǶһβߡ
֮ƺǶԺͱ󤶼ûʲôֻҲĵ˼ޣҶҲǲǿԳ֮ʱȻأֻԾھ֮£չһֵķһ־УҶȫû뵽Ҳûǰ֡
һԽͷȥҪλʲôֻű󤣬ͷڱ󤸹֮䣬סڶк£ͻȻ³һɫ
˲ɵûȻ
˭ֻ֪涾ޱȣʱµ˵ҲǾ綾֮ǰֻûУһǺ±ãаѶ̵ʵʱأҲü٣̵ֶĿһüͣڶԷԼƣʱʹյɱУǼ֮µıʤ
ֻƾַȻܹӮʤʱԱû˵£ʤߣʱΧҶЩıֻ࣬ļƲֻǳȫˡ
ʱҶҲ˾ᡣ
֪ⶾһ䶾ޱȣо綾ĶҪȱ󤻹ѣΪԱ߾ˮ̶涾ޱȣһֲԷһˮУǾֻܵõʬ壬һ޷ȫߣΪô޴ʬ壬޷Ӹߴߵģֻܾ͵طֽ⣬ˮло綾ĶԻһԷָɱ࣬׾١
ʱҪһԺͱһͬɱԷ˿Ϣء
˼뷨ֻǼ򵥵һͷȡһµͬ

뵽Ķ𣬰һᣬϵıаĴ
ȫͬģҶ绨ˣѡһͻľң࿴һۣһЦ
ҶѾλ绨˵˵ظǸ¶˹
ɣҶ͵ȵòͷˣ
ͬʱ˫һ壬ͬʱ绨Ĵھҵĸһն¡һһ䷿ôľҴӿе䣬ֱֱ¾һֻ߼ޡ


123 ɱ
ھµ˲䣬ϵֻޱѾͷɱͷռƵĶԣͷţϸʲô͵ϮԼ
ôһյ붾ԡ޲ʮ׵λϣһʯͷ͵һǡǡֶλǿ˫ָһذף˴̱ǵζǰһǶԵͷֹͣڶֻעա
Աߵֻ󤣬ҲǽܲסԿеĶȻ¶˿յȻѬЩԺ˶ͷ­סŤֻǲϽ뿪Ҫڡ
ǡֶڴʱ֣˫һݡ죬ذ׻Ϊâ̶ֱ˫ۡ
ֻеעһ̶ͷ֮ϣȻûע⵽ѷɵֶһ֣ԡ˻һҽУѷɵԵ˫ۣű͵Ľͷ͵һ˦һչºճ
ǡֶ򰵵һáæһţһȮǷһݣȥʮԶδüͷһѾǺ¡һ죬һʱ̳
ԭǶڱ󤸹ѿǡֶСһĶԸУûѡǡֶϣǡֶذϹ˫ĿһʱŭģŴӱ󤸹׼ǡֶվķһڽ븹ڣȴһʱƴе˿˴еǰ
Ǳ󤱻һΪҪڣȥסȶͷɳñȥҧǶҲĹԾֻǰűҧҪϹһΣƴӿȱܲסѬǰͷһǰȥҧסҪ
޶ԣöģʱԾȻԶ⿪˲ƣҪ´ϷŹſͣһڽҧţҧˣһ֮£Ƕ붾Ե֮У̱мѪˮӿȪһӿ
˫ĿʧʱֲұҧҪһʱʹ˻ҽ֮ʱֺݺҧס˱ľ࣬ΨһҪµƤû뵽ػ˰գȻ󱻶ԴӲҧסȫҧ壬Ķȴ̴˱ľƤĶҺע뵽֮С
ڴʱͷϷݴСľҶͷ䣬Ȼһֻͬʱھʯ֮¡
Ҷ绨ھ֮ǰȻ룬ʱִؿŻһʯľңͻϮ
һǰںĺԳΣ׼ֻ߼һ
ֻ˲һյʱ䣬ʯѺ¡һƣһСɽһӰ˳̳֮Уһꡱľ׽
һ˫ǰһƣһγɣƯĳ˸һɶֳΡ
˶һɵͬʱһ
ԭֻȻھҵĺͷͬĪһı󤣬Ҳ˼ԶΣڴ˹ͷȻΪƤûֽŶﲻͣʳԵѪҺԽⶾ
ǶԵȻҧϣƤۼͣԹţƤڿţԶڣ£ʹȥﱽһʱѪӶԵ˿д˳
ⶾɹŭһ˫ֹۣ𣬳ű˹ȥ
ʵûѣֻǿǰбһѾˣһͬűɱ˹ȥ
ĺһرܣǹ۵󣡡
ж֮ʱҶĺ㲻ҪաϾĺġԪǴʽģʱսϵı仯ƽʱ˽սöֲʱ̫ԸûпܳжյأΧŻ
ĺȻ֪ȷĽ飬ӣΨһͷ㷵Ծ߲ʯ֮ϣӸߵĲ۲켸˵ĳж
ǡֶ˼˵ǰ棬֪ʱıжȻ䱾һĿҲ޷Ķ֮ʱһĵȥʳԵ壬صѰҶԵԵԽⶾ˿ûҶ˷ϡ
ֱֶ嵽˽ʮԶǿɫһȻӾһߣ紦׵øԲԲгΧ
ʲűͶԶ֮ʱţƤۣǹ룬ǿ׵ıڣƫǿйŵĶԵʬĵɵƣܴ湥ǵ׺ۡ
ǡֶʱͷһμִóĺĹޣҲΪ£ʱֻֻѰٽⶾԵ˿˼ߵ࣬жʮѸ٣µĵӲɵýֻһ棬ִӻͳѷذףȥڡ
ǡֶеġذףһֻ֧ǰƷǻǻ˴ǮŸ㵽ֵġ֮ǰڡšнʱùһΣҶ˻δԲ֪ոϹԵ˫ۣõ֧ʱ֧ذףеıˣȻҪ֣Ҫһθ㶨
֪ͣذԶ׼ȷҶԱϴע˲һ·̽ǰߣн˴Σա
ʱҶˣ嵽˱󤲻ԶĵطȻһʱ֪֣绨ŴȣؾҪȥƽģȴҶ֪һѳסʱ˾綾ֻҪֹⶾֻȻ½пܻᱻ
Ҷ绨ˣǰ벫Ĳ֮٣ֱ̧߽һСʯ飬˹ȥ
Ĵʯһɶ磬˱󤣬ǰ֧¥ôߣһСʯϣȻ죬ʮԶǹ֪ԼΣͷֻб۶ҶˣȴǺ޶ȫûᡣ
ĹôǵСźˣȥڶҶ˶ϷһΪᣬȻʱȷӦСĽۼ޶Խ⣬ȴ޽ʵĽ
˵˻ҲҶ˴𸴣ֱӷԾɱ˹ȥ
׳գҪҶʶֹڵðȻ֣ΪѾǡֶ˱һ࣬עڼϣȫûпֶӰʱڿηжɸֶ͵Ϯ˼ֱ
ҶԻδˣҵѺԾʮ׾룬С㽣һҫ۰׹⣬ֱ̱󤾱࣬㽣̵ֱĵط֮ǰҧ󤾱¡䶾ҺĵطȻ꣬۲ˣѿñҪڣһֱ̣Ҳв
ֻһϵʵڲʱ
ԭһġǡֶѵ˱಻ʮ׵ľ룬Ѿ׼˱µİ׺ҪٿȻ֮ѷɵ֣ȴΪڵĹڱصõ͵Ϯʧˡ


124 
ڳֹ֮ǰƬ̣һߣǡֶҲ˹׼
ԭǡֶһǱУۿֻвʮ׾룬ͣ˽ŲǰһڴԲĴȾһ㣬վڵءȷȥǿ׵ֻһ룬¶ȵסͬʱ󤽫ϵİﱽɽ죬ĭɣ˱ǣ߿ϸһ¡
ǡֶ֪ʱɴǱֻԵ븹УȻⶾʱԼһ˵жǰ뼰Լ£û˺õĻᣬֻ߼޵ź뿪طлһ棬صҲܹΪһ֣лȣ˿ҵѷɵȺ׼ͷָȻ۷ɵ֮ϣ׼ȹǺǶ֮ķ϶ֱȥ
ݣݡ
żȥֶеԼʱĳ֣Ѿйˡ
֧ɵ˶佫ȥ˿Ҳ죬Ϊ˷ɵ鷢ۿɵѴȼʣת۾ڡ
⼲һƫƫʱڵĹҲѾչΪƿ̫޵ľŭ𣬱ŶԵҲɿڣֻǽͷһﶾԵ͵˦ӭ˿йڡ
Ϊһ˦ͷ΢̧һѷɵֱᣬڱϱ˳ȥһѷɵĺرȸһʧ׼ɵͷһᣬֻһɫıԵϲһ±㼴ء
ʱڣվ˦ʮɳĶֱԼҲһ֪ǹ룬һҪɨϣ̷ǡΣʱ̣һڿһתӲ½߾룬ͷһɨڵڿвܿƵһת򣬺ɳȥ߰ףһ󷭹׹ְ壬ȵסƣ̧ͷٶǰһھȻԼҵݵϣʱͻȻԴ󷢣񶶶վȣֱֻʸޱͷϵ֧Ǵ
ޱ֮Ա÷ȻΪǡֶѷɵĹȻ޹ޱ󤡣ϾҪڱ˵൱ڴ˵ۣ֮ɱˡ
ѴķɵǿȻû˵󤣬Ǳ죬һƫͷǡֶվԱߣֻһֺ˦еĶԣŤתǡֱֶ
ȻǡֶĹûЧֹⶾĿȴĴﵽˡ
ǡֶ֧ɵ䣬˸գòϧʱѾûʹãֱ̾ùĿյ̧ͷޱȻͷת˹
ǡֶһæԺݳȥ
Ϊֻ̫ȻأȴʮףΡǡֶݵöô죬һԾҲʮԶ׺»δվȣ󤽫һת׷
ǡֶĸҵ
æԼȮǷݷת˼ҪؿʱԶѾѹȻжһʱǡֶ÷ɵҪ߼ǻ۲ͣкϷ
ֻڣõضɽҡ桰ǡֶ׷ϲͣ
ֶŵøεѣֻǲҪӴܣζձ˵мʯΪûüٴߴԾıһˣ¥ߵֱӴӡǡͷﻹܴӸߴߣֻǿߵʯҴܣڵסΣжʧ˴˷򣬷Ծվ
䣬һضɽҡҳգɽֵ֮ڣ֮ǰ޹Сȥ
ǡֶ򿴳ת飬ǲֱӱܣʼȦӡ
׷ϡǡֶϣ淢ŭֺ죬ǡֶݱܣ𣬱㽫Լ׳β͵תһڶǡֶɨƷһ㣬ű衣
һɾˣǡֶǻŲ·ƴ㣻ϵҲͬҶűİڶͣ˦ֻƴı˶ǣҲ֣ҪչȴѰ졣
ʱ绨Ҷˣ˵ҪǾʮ׿⣬кüһ㱻ǳβɨϡ
һˣһ·ת׷𣬵³ɰʯߣֻ۵ȫ꣬䤱
춯ְӳŲסˣ
һ˦βȻڡǡұϣʯĽڻ˶ܵġǡֶϣһɣȻ˻ãʱӴҲ˴½ǱһѪ֮ǰδȫȬˣٴθŻһѪֻƴԮҶ֡
ʱֻعͷԼѾ˵أֹͣβ͵ɨ׷롰ǡֶ򲻵ʮ׾룬ֻС۾׹䣬ֶ֮׷
ֶδȻһ亹ʱ׷ǿˣܡ
ʱͷϵȴűֹͣҡڵĿյͷվӣб࣬Ͼ˼óȻ󤾱䶾۴ȥ
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ޱ󤷢Ĳҽ͵˦ͷҧȴΪڴλھ࣬أôҲҧλãֻƴ˦ͷѪõǣҲɹؽڴ˦˿
ڱޱ˦÷˰գ۴Ƽޱ󤳤˿ֲͣ׼ȷԼҧڿɽ裬֪ãֻԼ̼Ҫ޸֮С
ʱһϺȣһӰֱޱͷеҶ£лͭ͵һƣȻڱӲͷǹλͱȥһ࣬þƷͱ˰춼޹ڴʧɫ
Ҷһشޱ󤣬ԭҧĴ죬͵һ˦ʹ˻ѲȻڰеڣǷ˦ͷ뽫ϱߵҶ˦
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ԱķػҶڱͷϷƮˡ
ʱڴأԷı󤣬ڵϾҽŴȣһʽ׳辢ʹʮ׸£ֱƮƮԱĺڵʯϡ


125 
һת˲֮䣬ڽŲأԱߵʯһġʨӺ𡿣һɫķ绨ͬ·һ㣬ڵı󤼱ȥ
еĴȣ䣬ͬһֶĿ̫һ㣬űͷ˹ȥλãȻҶķ
СɵۣĵиòҶһı˰ɣҴʱޱΪʹ˦ͷӿֱĴôܱ֤׼ȷعޱԴأ
ɻ󲻵УǡǡֶҲԻ󲻽⣬ĺҲǽüͷôһεĹ
һʧֻ֣ڱԣԱʱжֻõбĹ롣
ʵϣȻҲűһҡͷһԭӱĺ󱳣࡭ۼ˵Ĳ²Ҫʵ
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Ҷġݺס
ԭмƲߣҶйֻΪ׼Ĵڲλ绨һձʤһУڱԭҪλͱֻ޷صļΪܣ޺ĵط˲ĵط
ȻҶһ׼ȷض˱ͷǹϣ·ޱĴԣǾҪλҶȫһгŵҲûһȫ绨еĵڶȻ֮
һ绨еĴðŽɫķ׼ȷˡħƶˣԭߵġħֻƽȥһߣڴСٵءһУħûֱͷǹС
绨Ҷˣ˳ŷ֮һߣԱһ͹ʯ֮ϡ
ͬʱ޷ĺ㷭ɣͷҲǰܣϳʮɸ¡嵽ǰ£͵ļͷһͣ±ײȥ
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ԶԶȥѱµɽѹغڵأ첻
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˿һǧĴʯѹͷ绨ж˵ȥһһգ㽫ǿСһľʯƷɣںͻƤһֱһø͵ĴС
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ĺеԾɵֵʵôˣѾͺ֮ιʶ֮Զ
̾ԭʱ򿴲ҲһҸ벻ܵš
ǡֶ򲻸ҵȡʯʯȥ첻
ٴ߽ǰϸ۲죬ȷޱȻѾŹ֮һ˫ۡ
ֵ˷ĻŭţϲôȸԾֹ
Ҷ˽롰ʥءһεĴʤɱĸ߼ޣõԶսʤߣȡ顰ܡҪΪĶࡣ
ʱڻޣʱȻ˷ܣƣ֮Ҳ֮Ϯ
ǡǡֶڣһ׷ֹһ޵ͷϷƮҡ˰죬Ϊء
Ҷ绨ֵܶˣֻǲٰһδ̫һԵĺ㣬ûг֣ȻҲۡ
Ҷ￴һۣ˵˵λĴľʱϢһ£Һ绨Ĳ󣬱ȥʬˣǱˮ̶еѾѪ˹ǵöԸޣҸղŶŪ̫󣬴˴ȻıգҲҪѰǲܾʬҳɡ
һһͬ⡣
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һ㶣벻ҶȻԼ⣬뵽ոֵܶˣΣʱ̾Լвɵ̾˿лתźˮȥ
ҶʱҲǰ̾һôʱλͬһϵ죬νԩ˽ⲻ˽ᡱһ˺ף޵֮족ĳ̶ȴϼѡҲǰƽʱԱƵ˼άӰ죬վϵ˲ڻ޿ɾҩֵýύĶ̲סЩõӡܳΪ˵ϻѣǿġ
Ϊһֱ˼Ҷı֣ɵĿԣɱ¾ΪУΪԵ˲ϣ˲ɷ
ҶĽǶΪġɷ򡱣еġɷȫһ¡ΪɷɱˡšɱһΪΪۡþŰ򣬼Ϊۡ
еӢۡɷҶǸ񾭲ʵһֻһԲѷˣҪߵȥ˼ȫҡȻʵίʵ٣ոʾõĶڵײһĽǸһԶǨŭȫҵ򣬶һܵ˵ľҶôﰵʾҲô̬顣
ҶеġɷȴˣҶУɷ֣ΪΪģмģмġһ֣ɱġ
Ҷ͵ģһ֡ɷĺӢ̬ۡȣ硶˲壬ǱΪ͵Ĵɷ޼ɵĹִСۡĹѵȵȣԵ̫СˣǡΪΪ񡱵һҶҲԵظһЩֻСơ壬ҶеĴӢۡ
ȻӢ۲ô˵Ļ͸ˡ
ҶɵԼݵֵܣ֣ЩֵܵУȻԡþԲͬڹֺƣΪֵ߲嵶ϸò˼顣
˵ˣ˵ߵ绨УǸ޴ʵǴ޵ǿߣ˵ģƾϵԣ˵޴֮ˣȻıԼħôԼʹãû˿ԹԣҲᣬ˵ǸĺúӡʱҶʣԼ绨еݶԵܷ˼ɱ֧Լǿ
һ룬ҶԼֵܵҲΪԼܹõҲѡҶǰһ޷õΡ


126 ֮
ɽȻͻȻٵɲ̫ðһأίʵĽǳ
Ϊΰı
壬¥Ĺ죬ʮףϳе㺺̨ףǰпƽ̨׳̨
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ԶɽۣһٲڰɽϵĵԱߣưңɽ࣬񽦣̨ܣй裬֦ȥգǣſ񷣬㣬ƲΡֻһ·ĿѴ澰ʤ֮ټȪΣ飬ݣϸ飬Ŀ֮䣬ӦӲϾ
֮һʯ̨ԭǰһССʯɽ³ͨʩ֣һԸĸ̨ȡ̨
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ϡΣ£ȣ¥գṹ档嶥ѩˮڻٲк£һʱ齦Ϯˡ
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½֮ϣ۷ǿߵĶԾޣÿһζ߹ע
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Χкڰ߶ȺԶԶģΪЩ˲ʲôǳ͢˾˴ġ̼ࡱ̫ࡣ
̨ʮףȥɫһ棬ʱаƷɶɣɺ׳Ⱥƽ
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΢΢һ̾˵ȻˣҪ顣
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һ㶣ȵʤս⣿ĳ԰ʮǰһΪսʤ֡ȻθսȻжۣ֤һѡôĪˣǳԶϸ˵ԼɴУóɽĳҲһΡ
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Ŀ͵һһθܵ˳־һʱѪһ̽ͬʱȵ֣
ȱϣֽ󻷵֣ͬʱַס׶ˣĵΪ˫ֳֵӭų޻εһ¡

ƿȻγͬ˰һķ֮ɺɫĴִâҲһͬһƬˣһѪȺͲҵɱ֮ٿȻȻĳ˲ݺǫ̈̄ƺƴ󣬾ѵ
ɱ
һѪϣ̨ٷǰ̨ǳѪɱ֮Ѫ֮Դ
ΪһңֻһܿΪܵõߵ磬տλ֡Ӳ档˳ԣµΪԵѵУ˾ͽΪ¾ΪۻҡȻδѾֱˡ
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һ٣𣬡ǰ̣джֱѪ֮У쳹صĽ֮ٿȻ𣬳޻εƴһǡ
һߣ˫Ϊ޴ķ󷽷ˣٴγվһ𡭡
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ʱ̨µ߱ͻ֮ס˶䣬Ȼ벻ߵһеĽôңǳѪ˵ĵͿ羢Ľą̂ΪһɫĴ档
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οնάں쾳粻ǰǻᱻԼĳѹƣûô죿ٻߣΪһ׷Իߣôܵס쾳µĸоأ
ѹںʱ䡭
ܲˣһǾġ
˷׷Ϊ۷ȴ֪Ǹϵʿûʵͻ죬ںǻǰΪʦѪڴ̼Ҳʼûзϰ䡣
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ѪɨѪɫ·һ㣬ٴȷϵ˳λá
Ѫ˵ûκƷ㵶ſ˰еĳ飬ȴյ˵ֵصƣ֪ԼӲƴһ;⣬һѡ
湦
ΪһգҲûие˳ԼʱԸΪ֮󣬴ϧֱֵɱѾûгԹˡʦѾԼʷʹڸһ䣬ɴǣҲ⣬׿һаĳ飬
Ľͨأһ֮ûͣԼĽֻĽһֱûйĶ֣ƣǿȻ֮
𣬺ֹͣɽƲƲԽԽ񣬿էѾ̨һˡ
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һ޿ɱܵĹʱ򣬳鳤ָϣֱ֮ң
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ٿȻһᣬŵķȻתѪγһѪɫ磬һѪɫĦһȫ磬ǾҵĦ֮γžžľ죬ÿ⣬ûĽ磬֮ȻһУͬʱɢ
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128 ֮
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ţͬƵ⴫˽Ǭ콣
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İǿĽ⡪
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ΤЦΪܵͬˣͬʱҲ˵쳤Цϵصú粻ߣû뵽Ľô߰ȻܹԽ⹵ͨأﵽͨĵز
ʥչֱԲ䣬Ȼ̾಻ͿĻ뵽֮ܽ˾صֻһɽׯĽ˰ɡ
һ㶣벻˾ȻԳ֮ߣķԣһ룬ƺҲʵ飬ɵöɫĵͷѡ
ڳֻǾ粻սĽѣǹ۽ĸߵͣǳƺֻĽܹѹһͷˡаʱ䣬Ҳɵĳ飬ܹɳΪһսĽľʦء
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ǿΪܣԼɵؽ̽ͽܣ㹻Դ׷ҲǲԽܡ֮ԾܾΪԣùͽܲǷѾ;ʱ䣬ԼУտǿڵѧȻв֮ɳΪһ壬Ǹ̫࣬ԼջҪĶࡣ
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ͷ̫˸̧飬¹Ա֪ôźãǲλĹЩ̧̫λء
˭֪ôһɣ㱻Ĺ˲ף͸һһͣŽǣʲôţΪʧķˣΪ˼ӲȦƨأûУûС˵ʵϽϢȥ˸󱦱˵һˣǶһ㣬Ϣˣ˾˴ȥTMDǼһСȫһ顭
λʮ꣬ȴͷĻҷģϲֶţ˵ʱ䣬žļʮͣһС˹ȥǰȺ²¸÷ɲܣȥϢȥˡ
ŹӣһЦͣγֻҪʤĹʵˣպ͢ǱһһĴ֣ԼĵλҲ֤ˮǴߣڳǰҲ˵ϻˡ

Ⱥ۶ԳĹ۷׷֮ʱƴһڵ˹Բһ̡
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񡱷ų˵Ĺâһǰճ̨ϵڳһ̣춯ҡһ˲䣬һеֱðġ֮ϣХųâ̫Ԫ񹦡ȫת赲ס׵Լ˺֮ȴЯ֮ͷ䡪
䣬ĵֵסһĵֵס֡ȫһУǴʱȫ࿹أ
Ѫ˵ƣֵһ̣ȫޣȻȫʧܵӰͷ֮ԥȴΪʢۣٳ׼ȷľ
һҧ˫ֽȫһ֮ϣųصһȥʧ֮ʹ࣬ѡˡһĽ֡
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һƬ̳֮У̨Ϊһѷ档


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ϸ̳֮УһӨ׹âӰ˳֮һӰһͣӰƮ˶ɽׯȺ֮У˻Ե
һ黹֣ûֱӹı壬ֻǱ׵罣ȫѡ
ϾֻսǳһֱȡôĽôãΪΪһˣȡʧ£ҲΥҾ찮˵Ȼ
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˵еġɱȡȨ΢һͷʾףͬʱλʤߣɫҲ粻
鲻黹Ǽ⣬Է̬ڵúܸߣԼһΪٸɾ壬ֻڽϵķԷ˷䣬飬δɱ֣Σ飬ɽׯҪġ
⼸ɽׯΪܵάԱǰŰ裬Ե񴦴⣬Ȼ͢δŶԶɽׯʲôѹľٶһֱΪΪԼǰվ⣬һֱܴѹԽԽƢҲԽԽ󣬴˴ɽţԭҲûʲô뷨ܵ˳͢ĴԼƳ֮ƢŭɶҪһɡ
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Ȩٻ˿İԼһͽܣãӶ񣬲ɵðٴֻ̾¶ɽׯδҪĸҪˡ
ȨԴ͵˵ֶع鶷ɽׯ
һ㶣ҿһۣԳһ˿ңֿȨһ·ץסһݣæ˵ʦ壬СֶңʦΪ
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Ŷɽׯһȥ֮󣬳鳯ǰص˹˹֣һתŻΪһƬ̨̾һѽе̫ˣ֪ؽ̨ҪѶأ
ݲǫ́ĵֵȺѾΧʶʶЦسԼʤ鰵̾һ齻֮С

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Ҷֱƻʱ֣Žѹڱϵʯֳ꣬ȫͷβʮף˶ĳȫţȻֻۻѪˮһأƤݵ˽Ӻڵض¥ôߣǴˡ
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ҲǴɣƫƫ˵ضԽеĶ˳ɱ˵˼֮
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ҶĺӹĳʹߣȻֶ棬ȻȰⶫڳ˵
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绨ֶҲֱȥԣ֡
޷ۼɫֻԽƤƽϡ
Ϊ۾ȡƤһҲףһ֮£Ƥ׵ȷһȫ޷µһ£ֻһֱǸµİ׺ۣ˼һ֣û뵽ֻһ͸׶룬˳żİ⣬ʾȻӭж⣬ǳ˳˵ʱǴϲ
绨ҶҲֵѰһ֣һᣬѽϰƤ֮ͨ
ǡֶǰǰۣˣŸǰ۷ҲֳɫϸƣҶϽһǡǡõ˳ŰɫϸٻȻһ˿Ҳ棬ȥͷǿҲȥֻصŸǰѰһ
Ҷ绨Ҳæ˸ӰϷֳʮɫϸ֡
Щеͨǰֹмͨǿ۸ۿЩɫƻꡣ
Ҷб嵽ƤȥһıƤֶҶдϲæ˵
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130 ϲ
Ŭ֣͵һ
Ҷ绨йȥһԭֶƤ޵λã˱ͷλãɫҵ̲꣬ȥΪѣͼһߣֱͨǸʡ
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԰˾ŵȫһǡýǰΪϸ͵ۼײλһԲӣȻϰߣõƤбȥһƣŲ˻һ죬ӦһʽƤ׼Ƥϸۣǳ⻬
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ôһ鱦ֶ۲ùӶռΪУתһ룬ԼǰڵµжȹֻΪЩߵִһ𣬲ǿһЩȥϣΪԼ̰һֻ»Щ˷ʱԼܹߣΣصɱ¾֮УϣҲǲΪ̰ʵڲֵãֵôһЩȵԼȫˣƾԭϱҲ㹻ңڵػȥˡ
뵽˴ֶ̾һظһ¹⻬ıƤųҶȵιҶСӣű
Ҷ˹ֱֶһ֣һıƤ˹ȥۿԼԶȥҲЩʧ֮С
ʲô⣡ҶӹһȻüЦȻ˵٣öǹȻеֻޣҲĹͣϣⶫţͷзߣƤӾԹ߶˴ϵεƤ׵ˡǷģǲ٣ҪжƤӣһƤڿ㡭
ҶǱ˷ܵؽƤӴɾĺ㣬ֶȴûһůȻԷûȡЦﻰȴûˣ֮лμӷߴᣬҶСӣĵˣûκεķô
ȻԸϣҶ˽ķʽ崺磬ԸҲ˺У֮Ϊеֶ򣬴ʱҲˣûһƺøС
ʱ˸æµǡֶڵõһƤ֮˳ű󤸹µİβҶ绨Լʮס
Ҷ绨˴°͵ϽңȥȻҵֻ۸ǰ绨Ŵȣ÷һͷ۲Ƥв룬һƣֻһ˻˻ɳɳ֮һṤһֻ۸ıƤ㱻˿ƤȻһ⻪
绨иһƣޱһֻۣƤۿԼĤһűһ
һж˶ֳ豭Сһ飬ֱ壬ϼӳĿ
Ҷ˴ϲɻһæۿȡ飬һͬʯһӲǾԲ⻪ӳԣаͣ徧Ө͸չһɹΧϼӳգϼһ㻺˺Ϊֹ֮
ĺ㡢ŵҶҲ˹飬㶼̾ѡ
ٿһСĤԭһ⻬İƤʧȥӳգѾûʼʱͬˮ㾧Ө͸ˡ
ǡȻ˵˵Ȼûޱ֮Ĳ飬ѵõ˵ֹܹ߻ħЧʵıﲢκεҪˣλӦ£ƱܣҪʾˣ˳ȥֻ¶ԴǸǻϾڡʥء֮ʮҲ
ֻ󤣬̫󣬻ԣҲһһıһꡣ콫һȡ˳ڳ飬뷨ڵľڳ⼸Ķһֹ֣ͣж˵նҵЪλΪΣ
޺á
ĺ㿴ܴսƷöʱ㱻ҶȻ編ƣֽȡС
鱻ַ֮ѾƿޱͷǹǣȡˡħͬʱҲõ˱ڵ޾ˣҶһμʶ˴͸ľˣͬˮ顣
Ȼ˶ͭӳ˺ģҶȻûн͵ԸҲֻôźģװ⡣
ʵЩʱе鲢Ҫͱƣղ״̬£ά໥֮ĹϵǱȽϲģһҶƿ˵ڶ鵱еĵλȻ½պĻȨͷֻ֮ʱǺܱġȻҶҲֵиĸæ
ʱڽϵı󤾫ѪϣɺԵѪںˮϴ˸ɾ˸һֵһ˸˸ĸоƤøϸ壬ԡһɽׯҲǿƤĤĹľѪԲκѪҺΪ¾Զϲʳ󲿷ֶﶼϲҩݣԳѪҺе̺˴ĲҩҲѵõļƷҩġ
ϧû¯ٲɼһЩҩݣͿΪǿЧĵҩĺЩϧ̾
Ҷ绨жһۣͬʱ⣬󤾫Ѫѵô
¶ڵİæеĸӿ١
Ҷ绨ȰѶԵľȡ˳СħĴڣҿԵԿҲôѡ
ͬһžӨ͸ľ˵ֻ֣ȱҪСһȦеġܡҪö࣬һܹ嵽˸ܡ
ҶִӶԵβʹһƤƳһƤȻ˱Աߡ֮ǰʱ򣬶űھӵİµԲûƻѪϵͳڱ󤾱Ĵλáħͱһ£Ǵǹ̵ı󤾫Ѫ˳
ȻǸ߼ޣ಻ͬͨ࣬ôõĻڵѪҺˡ
Ҷ˵ٶҲ֪δʡ
˰ѱϰƤȫҵǰʱ򣬾ȱ𴦷µöࡣ
Ϊİ쳣ļӲｫɽײõԶʲô


131 
ĵ˰죬ۼɫ˷Ѱ˼׺ۣڽİطļƤ
沢鱦ֻһֱһ˶ԲǶ䣬ģʵطǳӲԲǶʮ׳ĹͷţȻӲȻʲһԲǶ䡣
˺Щ£ŽԲǶȡֱͬһĴСʯ䲻֪ʲôôԲǶʵڽʵ޴ȹǴҶʵ᲻ö˻ĹǺҲ鱦֮࣬㽫ȡ
Ҷͷϴײɽ£֪˹ǼӲǳקԲǶһ滹ľ磬ͬһһ¡һ죬ܵһ׸ߵɽʯȻԲǶĳӦ顣
˴Ϊ죬ñԣȥ붯ֺ˷ףⶫҲѵһıæպã׼ȥ
ҹܿ콵٣ͱϵһѨ֮УΧԣڱһٶ֮󣬱㿪ʼϢΪһ۵ƣԶѨڵĻⲢᱻ濴⴦Ѩǡֶ֣ҲǼżȻ顣ȴǱҶˣܹʱѡ
Ҷ绨˻Ϳ˱󤾫ѪõĹѪеֳգǿƤĤļͳ̶ȣڿۿɼĳ̶£˵Ƥʼøʵ
ʵ̫Ӳˣ˼СʱҲ·ڽƤҲ绨еںθڲŻʳޡֻҪ⣬ҪӣܽܣҲӪɷֿܸı⣬绨һ˵عˡ
˱󤾫Ѫ֮ҶܵƤøӽʵ˶ԵɽнϵѪϴ
ɽ޵ʬѾһƬǽ壬ѪζøΪŨأʮֻ˺ҧǿ󵽰ǵʳǿߣˮתȻòֻ޵ľˣǵѪ⣬Ƕ˻Ƕ˵Ȼ󲹡
õѾиʣµĶʵ޹ؽҪҶûдŽʳľǾߵԭڵĺˮ̶Աߡ
̶ˮڣףԭ̶ԣûҽӽ̰Ѫ⣬Դ˴£ûκ߶š
ҶҿһۣȷΧû֮һǱˮС
Ҷ˼֮ҪȡжΪҶһֱиʣΪʲô⴦Ŷ̾ĵطһֻͬǿǰսΪմȻĹɣÿǿ޵ʶǳǿԲʳԵĶԼأֵǣڱ󤵽ŵײʱ򣬺ܳһʱڣֻԶû¶ͷߡ
ҶչḻѵҪػĶûеһʱôĵ᲻ҲǳŶػĶأ
̶ˮǱȴΪ峺̶֮ˮԵīʵˮʵԭ򣬶ˮ̶еʯͷһƬڡ
Ҷڰ֮н΢ҲԺˮ̶Ļ谵ֹҶ̽
Ǳ˶ʮ׵ľ֮ˮ㿪ʼбµķȥҶڵˮܶǱУһܶʯϹָ治ͣ¼ǺţΪˮܶʧ򣬴ۿɲģȫпܻΪþϢ
λãˮܶβӣͨһƬն֮ҶеǰˮһƬ֮ɫȫ˹ȥ
Ҷܳˮƴʱһʢ֮һɾһ˲䣬ҶΪ֮һ񣬼Сȫָˡ
¹ƣصĹԴʯ洦ɼҫ˻ˮһڡ
ҶڲһּʣǶԿзɢζļʣһ֮ڵÿһϸ̰غţ˼ɾ
ҶûʲôҵԴһƬɫʻܶеһʯڣĻ棬ӯӯϢ
ҶˣΪһʱֶ֪꼻
꼻ɫĽ꼻ֻǻǶ䣬ֻ˰뿪ΣŶΧڻ֮ϣƣһ۰׵꼻ѧκεļֵȲҩ䱾ûκôɲǼУΪҲΪǶ̺һȻȻָ໹ޣͻԭоĳɹʱдһԺ
еУôȻԭеΪָɹǼӱģ¼ӵ˵ĵطָģǴµġ֡ѹġԴ̫׽ڵġڣԼħŵġѪ̶
ЩطǸɵʥأһɴеΪǿܱ֤µӲĳɹʣԭóΪֵµӱɵǿһ
Եɵǿɽ㣬Ҳû˶컯֮ءҶܹڴ˵ôһƬ꼻γɵѾʥڣ֤һǿˡ
ֲֻҲԸǣȥʱ䣬⡰꼻ʱڣˡ꼻պٴνסʱ򣬱ܹθһˡ
ֻӦֻͨĶ֮ǧһģѾԴͷһƤȫܳǻצǰ;һƬ
ֻ󤣬ȫпܾǳֲˡ꼻İ׸ΪףҲᴿھѪĳ̶ȣԼѪ
Ƭ꼻
ҶӣڻٵĸϸѰƬ̾¶һƬڻɫʯͷԭҶΪǺڻɫʯͷıɫβ䣬Ȼͬһ֮⣬ϻвǣȻпǳǧʷͷȻӨҶϸһȷϣӦһֻѪǿʢʬǺڻɫ壬ӦñǴѪ̵Ľ
ǡ꼻ƬѪȾ֮ϣïܳɳôһƬĻȺʱǳǧꡣ
ȷϵǣֻѪĺܴұ嵱ӦǼΪǿģҶȷϵǣҪҵʲôмֵĶҲˣԵʵʲôĶҲѱȡɾˡ
ΨһôģƬ꼻ˡ
Ҷ˵⡰꼻һ󣬻Ƶ˿԰˳֮⣬ᴿ̺Ũҵġ


132 ʹʯ
һֱҶϰ˲ٵĹȴȫûγԼеһѧһֱڵȴʱ֪ͨѧγһȫԼڹķ似꼻֣ҶֳһԣһγԼԵڹԡ
ɡǸϵһּΪصı֣ǿΪǿһ
ϵ롾ϵ໥ƣһȻһøࡣԶԣȾκε壬޷ֻά롾⣬һˮﵹһγīһˮᱻȾ
ϵ롾̫Ԫ񹦡ġϵϵĻǿɾͱޱˣϵǿƺаĸ߽ϣܿ⣬а취䱻˺ʵǿħŵڹ
ҶʵڼһѣЩҲԸȥҪȵС꼻ȫţȡлϵ֮ѡ뿪˵ء
꼻һֲ䷱ֳص㣬Ҷҹ۲һӣмϣܽġ꼻ֲȥֲＫΪͺ˵ʪƬ꼻ȴƼã˵ǿص㡣
嶥ǴͱڰΧСȵأʺֻĳɳ
ҶϲҿһΪԼһеջ׼صʱ򣬶ͻȻһȪˮ˵ƺˮӿе䵽ˮĵطǼСҲռشļΪ
Ҷһ𣬽ȴһЦҲϵЩڿʣЩ̶ˮǲȵģϾǶԵĵ̣˭֪Ǹˮɹʲô
ҶѭһսǴһխʯ죬ǰһһ˶󷢹ʯͷ棬ӲʯͷһССʯӣӷʯͷϣʪˮ黺ۣյ䵽ʯ赱УΪǸ״Ŀռ䣬Իᷢ졣
ֻʯ֮еĵˮȴǵɫҺ壬žʲôؽӲˮһ
ҶʧһЦҪȥɱǶһƮɵһɣΪ㲻ǡ꼻ζʯ赱еҺ塣
ҶΪǿҵĺģԲŹκοɵ顣
£ҶָմһҺУζһĨ㣬ҪǵȻһнһ㡣
ҶٿȻһеĵرһԱȣĩ˵һ벻Ѱһԡ꼻֮󣬾Ȼҵı
ûӦǴ˵еġʯ衱ɡ
ǡʯ衱ǡؿࡱʯлӡһҩȻ󣬵ǷһڰڵģȴҲƽҪǿ˵Ṧ˿ɼޡеɷǵˡؿࡱôṦǿֶȡʤ
һ£ȴǿģңһʯʱãʱһԻΪʯһôҲûˣʱٿµʯ裬Ƕʯ̲γɵôлûʯĽҺһңȻһһıһУĴʯͷﻹͣµ䡰ʯ衱ء
Ҷδ뵽֮ܶУĶ
һġʯ衱㹻Ҷţһˡ
öóʱͳ֡
Ҷȥſڵϣһٺһġʯ衱ȥһ룬ûôŵطùĵر
ʯ衱ڣҶޱȣֱķΣ̩ͨ
ϥڵϣҶɵйڵı仯ǼڵʱһգðĻҺɫʣҶһ壬ܵø飬ͬʱʢǿΧʮ˴Ѩڡʯ衱ΪҶܵʮ˵Ѩʵʵıᡣ
ѵԲʱҶ˹Ĺ϶ѡˡ̫Ԫ񹦡Źġϵ˵żǿǿͱáҶ˶һɵɫɫʣͬһɣӨ񣬽΢΢⣬˾ȻƵ룬ڿС
˰ӵʱ䣬Ҷ˫Ŀһһƾٴλء
Ҷһֻ֣ڵγɵķ֮ƮƮ˰գһӰ
ֻôһ仯ҶѾеԼƺȫˣշתŲһƬӰٽݡ͡貨΢һһչʾֻܶϢһûҶ̵Ӱ
ҶԭṦ񣬾ȻǶֹ֮䣬ߣͣͣνѸ죬Ʈ貨΢޳Σֹڣ
ҶһЦǳ
ǡʯ衱С룬ô˵ȱﲻɿǱ㽫«ľˮһعһ«ʯ衱ֽʯвҺ˸ɾԼо˶˼⣬ʵı仯ûж󡣿⡰ʯ衱ıʵҲм޵ģԼôࡰʯ衱Ҳá
ҶԼĺ«幬ġʺ«Ƴɣܹ̲ˮ棬ֻԽԽ㣬Բʣԡʯ衱ԣܹ΢ӳһЩʱ䣬̫Ҳ޷Ҫ½ˡ
Ȼ󣬵绨Ҳǰ׷ϣǸṦߣˮƽˣϲǿƣëΪԼǣȻƷ衣
ѡУ׽ĵȻĺˣⱦȫһλϵʦֵܣҲͶʡ
ҶЦվٴοؿ˿ʢġ꼻תͶˮУ׼صɽϵӪأһ£ͣһʱա
ڡ꼻ĴڣҶûϾ滨ЧԱ˵岻󣬱ĺġϵڵġϵǡֶġ硿ϵд绨ġϵûиϵϵĿܣ̰꼻󣬵˵ֻ߽ĳɹʣôҲôĺڵֻѾ߳ɹʵĵҩƷˣҶⶫ֮ڧ
Ҷոմˮ˽绨УҶæɤźˣȥˣΪιء
ҶǸһͷ˵ǸǸҵ㶫Է˵ʱ䣬˻ô
绨˵ͷҪ˵϶ҶͻȻһ֣ɫٿȻ˵ɽˡ


133 ս̹
һսʤϢѸڽϴ˿һȻ󲨡
һĽͣȻսʤ˳ʮ֮õĸ֣һλлսĸ֣½Ľ˵Ѿûһϵľսˣսʤһսڲ෹̸ʡ
۾һսڽϳΪһʦһͬʱӵģɡؽѧԺ֮ٴͶʦ񳱣ɽµɽǣۼ˵Ļͻʮۡ
³ͨæýͷöڱļͬҲˣǰ߸裬߸ڣʮ˵˴˵أΪѧԺѧԺޣԱ˵ȴ´ƽֺУΰ
һ齨һ᳡Ϊ¥ȡǡ˽һɳ족˼﷢񣬲ýǳڵӶֶ֯Ϊ⣬Ծﶼչ˵ռ䣬ҲǱʧ˿л۾ӵ񡣽Щ߷ɢʧ˿ıС
ߣ˿ԵõǮ֮⣬ڵõѧԺĺøм¼պѧԺУѧ֮ǰļ¼Ҳֱӻɹѧ֣ѧԺڵĵȼͻȡӦѧ
Ի̹Ѿȫ˳˵ҲɽׯڵݿѾȫΪ˻˵£̹˵ĴڣҲͨڣȫ黯˻ͳ֮¡
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˼ڱıߣҲʱرֳ庴ߵɣΪ˸ڳͷɱҪֻ̹߽֣ѧԺԼڼ᳡̹ߵĹ񣬱д˷ܵ໽еĻߣǰȥɱȡǮѧ֣ĿĲΪ˽ѧԺѧϰǲؾ¥еĸ߼ѧ
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ڼ᰿ΪһʡӢۡעţɿԽȫԵ棬Բȡڲĵȡ򣬸áӢۡͷֹһЩ˼ĸսΪһӢۡսɻĨĹ
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ȻͬԤϵʧ˿Ź˵̹֣ܲסߵɧţһԱڶ̹֣ԻߵϮչˡƵļᰣѰѶԷĶյһ͵͵õĻ֣Ϯ̹˸Բֱӳ֣áޡеԱɽ̹һָɾΧɱ
һ¼ǻ̹֮ʽĿսˡ
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һƺƣᰵǳؽƵ˹ĵλ֮ϣڳ鱾ˣȫںʲô⣬ֻѡԼΪԵ飬Ϊ¶ʧأǼΪȷѡ
̹ڲҲͳһȨȻҲߵλ峤ڵȫǲƵϵ
ʯֿ̹ƸһλʦҲ۷ˮƽ̹ߴеκһλ
Ҳ֮ǰ᰼㣬ԤõĽ
Ҳɱ̹֮ڲġ龳ԵսǾƸ벻ĸ֡
Ȼʯֿڵ̹֣ʯֿ̹ĵһ֣𵶡
Ǹݸߵ̹󺺣ĴӣʵʵòԴϲͷϲϹϡ
̹СԲ䵶ֻԲܱȽص㣬ȫǷģԲܵıԵŷľݣǵǶܣϸӣȫԶ빥ķʽ
˫Լõĵص㣬ʯֿǵĳ⡣
Զǽϣվǰս̹ʿǶǰ߲ͣƶܲáʮϰ˻ڵļ̣һֱΪ˵ļ̲һųʱգǷּ֮ǰܵ˻ڱķŭ
ַŭһƲɵ̬ˡ
𵶡ЩļĲˣһǻŭ޴йΪĶ֣ǸĽͣȻ֮£ȴһʱ
ֱǶ衣
վڶģǺѹѹһƬȺȫǰĻߣռ˾޴һȡЦԼýǳŭɶ


134 һе
ʯֿ֮⣬һƽ
Զɽƣʣ˵ʯֿ滷ɽһȵأҲʯֿнеһƬƽԭ
ͨʧ˿ϱͨĹٵʯֿджսԵλΪҪ˵ʯֿǣʯֿ
ƫбһʱ
ɽ罥𣬾ȻڹٵϾ˷ɳ
ɳһתӭ˰գУȻôһɳյĸо·ﲻɽˮʯֿǻĮڵı߻С
ֱðۿУŭ𼸺
ͻȻ䣬üеһ˿⣬ͬסüһ㣬΢΢Щʹ
ݶӦо飬˲֪ǳԼоˡ
ٿȻ̧ͷ˫Ŀ͵һؿǻɳĹٵԶˡ
ƺҪǲɳ͸һ˲䡢һ۲գؿǰƻۡ
еߣľٶһͬؿƬɳ
δ˾ú򣬼̧ȥ˲䣬һӰµشӷɹĻɳ˳
ڴƮɡ
Ƶɳ׵ˡ
ֳ񡱣ָڱһһ
ɳ죬׵ģȴһɳܹǰɳˣ΢磬ǻɳ
üͷ壬ܽ˾ĸ֣һûмһͻȻеԼһԼΪǧƽһߵսڿô޴
һԼӵĶ֡
Ȼɱ⣬ǾڵһԼйöԷлʩչĽˣԼȫһʮš
ǣڻɳеӰֳεʱ𣬻ɫ¶Ȼóȣֱ䵶ͬߵԴһҰڶɫγһֻɵľߡ
ֻһ棬ԷݻδȷѾȷ˶ֵݡ
κεĶද˶ԾС
ı仯Χ˶ǴһͬʱҲǴʹ죡
һ˲䣬𵶡ԼΪĹΣ˵ֻй龳ֲ飬Ȼһڵĸˣ𵶡Ȼͬˡ
ؼԪñһ緢ĻɽһĻ߶ǵһ̹ڵǽͷϣһƬ֮
һУûиıȶĲŲûһ̵ĳɣȻ
סס
Ĳ滺׵ľ̼ꡣ
˫Ŀгҵɱ˳顣
ų۾
ͬҲ۾
ԷеƽķʧأɱȥȻؾۼԼս
һʮסһס
ߵ㣬ֺʱ򡭡
鲻ĲͻȻһ䣬ˮһ㣬ٿȻ˹
ͬʱȫ˲ŷǰʱ̣ͣǿҶȣͬʱǰٶҲǿ״̬£ϵر죬ԽԽ죡
׾ת˲㵽ʮڡ
ʫ续ķ羰ŤźˣγǧĹӰɫߡ
˫Ŀһͬʱŭһͬͷҡ䵶ٿȻǰϲž˵ĻŴȫǰĳ顣
죬Ļ⣬ɢž˵ϵɳ˲䶼ڻɫҺ塣Ļ䵶ͬĶһ㣬ҧԼĵˣٶ죬ʽݣǶȵ꣬һ˵еľʷΪǿĹ
ʮסʮס
鸺ڱֵ񡱣ǺɡһͬʱܹһŷɫһĹâһȥ
Ķ㣬ƫƫȴ֪ԷһٶʵѷѸĻ䵶
ʱϵìܣʹ˿Ҳ̲סؿڶƣѪ
âȴۣͬ͸ļƷ䣬Ƶʵţڶ̶һξﲻϱ仯
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񽣼Ļ䵶һ𡭡
˴Ӽ濪ʼһֱ֣оû˿ʱ仺塣
ʯ֮䣬ѻһ
ʤܣɲ֮䡣
䡪

һƴٵϰٿŴСȵľѹľ㱻ۡ
˫Ŀ䣬˾ȫ䵶ϴͻȻеǰһգԷٿȻһ֮󣬳ԼȻȥӲƴʹһǿУ䵶ʵУ˲Уһõ鴦䵶һߣҶԷأȻ˲仹˳
һ֮£ͻȻһЦл䵶֮һ뵽һֵԲܵС
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ؼԽһڵ˲תƵһıУöԷһԽ߶ԷһȫصһıϣԷΪԼĹ
һӿգмƳԿȴɣ˳Ƶ䵶ٶȸΪѸ͵ǰ
ʮף
һֱȫ۷ڳĻ£ҵضϾͷϲŵͷɣڷ£˫ᰴ棬ٿȻ𣬳ų׺˹ȥ
ܵľ׷ȥҶɢɡ
ǰ˵Ļ䵶ħðضһ仯ǧƻʵѸȼף춯صһ
һֵԲܣԲһתų飬ͷ
ף
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ٶ˿δͣЪ
ڡ

ܺ
һɽܽ˰ӿкľ׷ηɣ֦ϣڸϦյ͡
֮ǰΪҵ˲ƿӿԶսĻͬ²һ㱻Ƭشನʯֿǵĳǽһ죬ս̹ߣҲǵһƬ
һХ
еԲƬ˵Ӱˣһ̲ͣسʯֿǵķ񱼶ȥʯֿǵĳ֮µʱͻȻһҺߣڲһĹâ˱ͬ¹µıһ㣬ɢ
һ֮λ̹֣ȫ飬ѪҺû£ôͬһ㣬紵ɢ˿֮С
˶֪ٴȡʤ
ȡʤķʽٴ˴
Ŀ֮£鵭һЦʣʯֿһۣתʧ˹ٵǹͻȻδüɢɳ֮С


135 ڰ
һбʣҹˮ
ҶԼˣЩ͵ؿǰСǴϺȫ˸⡣
ǿ˷ݡ㹻һķлҪ绨ӴθڣǸҶ϶Ϊµһθļһȴһ̣һʮҵСܡ
ǰСҶޱȻĵĸоʵڲףΪʲôʱԼô޴ľΪʲôԼʹɱֵľȴôһ
СҶˡ
û취ڵҹĻ֮£绨СԴ⣬ںҹһҫۣС﹦ûдﵽ뻯ĵزȻףûӹҶĵ֮
ԭΪǹ򹫾˹Ҷϣʯ衱ֻһ̣绨оô͵˲䣬ҶѾ˰׵ɽ£ŶԷһѹ£һбȫ֣˲Ϣ֮䣬ȡ¶Է
Ҷֵͬʱڿ͵ĵˣڿݡ
ر۾һ˫Ҷδĸɾ۾ɽϵһ㣬ε峺޿ɱɣӯ߹ܺ
ǳޱȵ˺ģ
ֱͥͦӤһ˫۾ִȣֻʮģƫʹ˸еɣǻ۵о
Ҷֵܵľѹȣ˵˾ͽᣬȻƮݣȸǴĿ־ѹȡЩһĸǰҶ϶ܼһƬ̣ҲһۿԷԸʣΨ˽գҶˣӵеȴһ־޷ݳʺ鶯ȺǣԽܼз롣
Ǹû˲ܼĵ
ֻɲȥ
ʹ˻ɢһ˵ױȵľȾ
Ҷֻǿ˶Է۾ľ̼ܵٿޡ̨һƬɱٿȻһԾɱʱ򣬻ǳӯֵɱѾڴ˿ɢһɶԭֻҶ˶Է۾
ҶһҲȥˣбеɱɱԾ
ǸС΢΢һЦ¶ѩ׺ÿݣһۡ
Ҷȫһ𣬺ȻԼȻԶԷκεĶУ·˿һ㣬ֻҪȥԷİȫɻʵʲô£
С¶һЦж˱ŵľ޴˫ֺʲüΪö˵ڰͼʩʩҷԵǱʲô
ҶŶһֱǰȥ˶ԷһۣͻȻŶԷԿǾһŭȵTMDΪЩﰵʾĴҾͿôTMDװɵ㶡
СﰡѽһҽУʹرԴ˵ϣͬʱһؿҶ벻ͨԼ԰ܣΪʲôʿô
㡭ô֪ġ
ҶһôĴָָָԼм˵үţЩֶеƨôᣬүҲɱ㣬ϽжԶԶɡ£ǵûɱ
ҪСһҶҪߣæǰס½ǣһ˫۾޹գգͣң̫ˣǼҵʦ֣ȫɥɱ¾֮ˣֻʣңȾңǶһˣǻ˰
ΪԷҵҶŶԷ۵ͣͰ͵ģвɵһǿشӦ
ϧҶֿס书ȴǵֿסԡ
ڻصѨ֮У֮ҶѵضѯʵĿ⡣Сｫ˵ķȫԹ֮ҶԴ͵øˣһ˴µĺһ
֮ɫǱСһϵرĿգˡգˡ
һ飬һ߱飬ߴŽ
һԹ۵ڣһ˵˵ڰͣ
Сڰ˫ֺʲͷϡ
˿ΪԷȻȵıȻ˵Ŵ⼸һڰ͵תͯ˵תͯԣʶ֣һжġϲͽΪΪƻۻ𡭡ٺ٣ˣû뵽СʦȻͻͬͬգţͿҲ󰡡
Сڰ治ɫλʩˣСɮڰͣʵʲô𣬲СͨһĺһЩˡΪĺãֻǶ˼ѧѣκͨ
Ц
Ҷ˶ǻȻ࣬벻һһЩ˵Ϣء
һʮĻ𡭡
ҲԼ˵Ǹͯѡ
СڰͶԼݾȻûзϣΪԵøΪʵ˼֮вɵöεĸоĴԼȻɢĹƻܣ˵СǵĲϡ
˵УĺΪǸϹӣԷⲻܵڰʹȵӰ죬Ȼ侲ʵڰʹʦֵܴʱѱһެ֮ǵзѣʲô»Ҫأ
Сڰʱ飬һһţеġ
ĺѯʣȻһЦͣ˵룬ܹ뿪ʮĵطλǷҵָҲҲһެ֮䣬żΪҪ塣
ԼãҶʵ
ڰɫһ࣬Ҷ˵ΪˣǴµĴʦ顪
˾һڸǽʵΪʲô㲻תͯô˵ʦӦĽˣ֮䵱ʦͽ֮Ŷԡ
Ҳһŵı鿴Сڰ͡
ڰ̾һ˵ҷȱߣ޳ַΪһҪ񣬽׷ѡֻǴµλ磬ɮڷ̽ɡԱʷǰ֮ƣϵȴϲԷǰܵգƶɮΪʹģΪ˶ʦϣʦܹ֮ףܽᡢСˡһнۣ̽Խ̽ŲФӡϧ
ڰͳһ̾˵ϧʦȴΪͼƻǧµ׵ŵλһף˸ǡҸɴڲĶֱ֮ĳͻùһ𣬶Ǵѹ
ҶЦʲôҸҿѬģ᲻Ļ硭ʲôɷ֮Ķ鹮ȨĹ߶ѣתͯݣҪɮڳֽ䣬ֻĻɮ棬ҰĲĴʦ˵һȨĵˣǸͬȨĹ࣬ʲôֱôɱ㣬ôɱ֮ء


136 ָ
Ҷֱ׵Ļ˵ڰüͷ壬ƫƫûлﷴΪʵϣҲҶ˵Ȼѹȴ޷ϡ
Ҳڰ֮ĳͻȫʶ̬ϵìܣֲɵ͵ġڰǸڽ̿ߣִڽУǸҰļңڽ̲Ȩ߷ֶΡ
֮ȻϵܣΪڰ͹ඥӳֵˣԴµĽڰɸΪһЩ
ͨڰ͵Ľܣ˶ľһ˽⡣
ڰʱʱǰެĻ飬ܴެ룬ڽ;·ຣڰ͵ĸ׾ʹºڰ͹ඥӳ֣˽½䡣ڰʱ͵£ʱһܵԺȡΪڰͶܣɳֽ䣬ȡƻۡڰѧϰ˰𷨣ڷѧ˼ʵĻ
ڴڼ䣬£ܷ⡰ʦΪެĹʦ˼ɮǰз𷨣бڰ͡ڴ£δʦͽ֮䱬ֱӵĳͻĳδв㽫ϻڸĵڰ͵ˡʥء֮УеȫӦ£첢ǿԲŻʼĽ׶α˴пΪССڰͻ
Ҷڰ͸£ȴǲƽ
ڰͻݣʱձȻܹвĵλڰܹˣΪδܱ߰ȫһšϾҰĲ飬ڻı߽ȫݱʮвѾϰʱ䡣ڴެڲܹǣ˵ʲôҲҪú÷ֲһˡ
ȻѾ˴𰸣Ҷô׵طŹԷʮ䵭˵ûǸйڣҲû޴ΪССĹڱǴʦǿĵˣƾһ仰ǿû취СȥΪ
Сڰͻ𵭵һЦ˵֪޷ЩøλðգһΪλ׼һΪѺֻҪλܹ֤ƶɮȫͷ½Ϊλʮʱ䡭
ҶһƲ죬ߵʲôôƨСͣȻֻǵѺʮꡭ̫Ƕ˰ɣ
ҶڵҲв֮ɫСʲôöóֻĺǳǳЦȻСʦ˵ˣǾȨͷ۶ǷСʦİȫǼϣֻҪǲͻᾡ֤Сʦİȫ
ˣƶɮлλ̴ԽˡڰͷչһЦ˵Ϊ˱Сɮ˵֮ˣȽλаɡ
˵ţӱĴһңҳһСһŵİΪᣬҲѵλСܹʱرڱϡ
ڰͽƽطڵϣݾߵȻĬ𾭣ϵشһİڴʮ˲֮¶һСĴ
ڰͶԴׯ̬ҲȾˣһĿתؿĶ
ڰͶ滺һɣĺǣȡһһŷ̴˵ĸͼ
Ҷ绨жһ𣬻࿴һۣԷͼԺļ䣬ǵʦ绨ϵͼ߼ֱһģһգ֮зˡħ
ʱٴͼ֪֮ڲŵĶʲôأ
ڰ̴ֽľƳɵı򿪣ȡһһȴһȻǵŷ̵Ĺ£ͼθΪϻһС֣Ҷáŋ翸ϵͳʶдŵġ̽JʮС֣Ҷɵһ㶣ӦᵽװŷŸɮġر
ѵҲװĳλɮ֮ô
ŵʱڰִ˵غ͵ܺУͳͳƳɣͬƣװĻ񣬻ΧƣԼͼϸ壬ͱ档
ڰʹ򿪵ܺеʱ򣬳ֵȴǱ˽𺯡顰۹J𱦺ĵҲһĽơ
أټ麯ΪװʯʯΪ壬ͨ顢ʯǶΣϻͼֻǴ˺Ѿеˡ
һأҲһأһµĵŴ
һƵĳȣװһŽ顣Сţܲƣ²ԷΪ̨һСһָȣһС͵̽ס
״ľǰ˵ʻһмֻųβ͵ķڲͷɣͷơССǰм俪ȾµСţһСɵĽϸžſС𶤣ϸһִͯӣͯͷв䡣
֮һëʨװϣһλ׵ĽʿִִСһ񻨵Ľ״ϡ״ǰֱţǵᡡ
ڰɫøΪϣ̽ףһͬŵҲӰ쵽ˣڰϵķǣһ߲ʹâ緢Ҷ۾һһöָͷСĻɫ͸壬͵߲ʹâڹâ֮£֮жʱһ֮ͬʱϾȻĪ𳪣Ѩ֮ڣٿȻÿȫһɨգʣµֻ޾ķϲ
ֻһ˲䣬·ѩһ㣬Ҷڵˣеȫһ𣬲һأ֮ǰûܴ򿪵ѨǾҲڴʱȻͨ
һʱ֮䣬˶¶ŵı顣
ڷյһ˲䣬ҶǻܿƵزƤ޷ٶ˲øӽܣΪԼƤĤҪܲסҪѵʱͻȻһɣƤĤͬһ汻ûĴһȫٴβܿƵĲ
ƵʵĲҶܵڼеʣĸӸɾ
ҶƤϸͬʣɢӨĹâҲ֪Ϊϵķ̼Լġղ塿֮ǰȫɡ񹦵ĵĹأǹ롢ˮ֣һţз˹ǿز
Ҷϣżǿľϲ˵ʱ򣬲ŷڰѽһЦݵؿԼ
ٿˣ˱Ŀƺڸı仯ΪעĿģȻǴ绨ֻеһׯϵģϥڵ棬üĿ滺Ϣأڵ˹
ѵÿ绨ܹε붨˵У绨еõĺô
ոô£ҶɻʵĶѵ챦֮һġ߲ɣ


137 
ڰ͵Ц˵Ҳǣ˵Ҳǡ
Ҷüͷ壬ʱԷԼŪ飬ʲô˼
ڰӹԴ˵µġ߲Ƿһһ󣬶ƶɮչʾǷķָȻǷʥȴͬЩ֮⣬ĲڹϣöָӵС߲ġ⡯ԼŹѧѹħĹЧݻڹѧ֮ȴȫûС
⣿Ǹղŵ߲ʹâô
ڰ͵ͷǣ˵ŵġ⡯ֻӴϲЧڶЧѾӽˡҷߵӰ죬߷ŹջҲΪʲôλʦܹ붨ԭĹƵҵڹҲżǿĸãȻڹõĺôڴͨ档һħŻаߣȫ෴Чߣͬգʹ̣ҹҲᱻյһ롣ʵ½ſҶһۡЦԭΪ֮תû뵽ǵһתˣ˵ʩʲСɮʵţʩѾ˺Բļޣǡ⡯Ҳޡʵ̫ˣϰܹﵽּ״ָ̬Сɮжˡ
ҶԴЦԼϵĶǱֵظбȽϺá
ʱ򣬡ǡֶǵڶѹѾĸ֣һԡ⡱õĺôҲǼǿֻôһṦ򣬡ǡֶڼ֮һֱûдͨѨóͨ裬ʵĬĬ˽һɡ
ǿϧѵõĻȻֻǵһβЧܹøĸơǸжáֶ˫۷⣬Ե̾ЧֻǸղŵĽǹ⿿Լֻʮ궼δܹ
ӵз׾ܳưˣҶЦ˵
ſһԱ߽˱ͬƽ绨һۣҶаϲ벻˵绨ĵȻ⡱ֻʱЧܳ꽫ߣɶ绨żΪǿĸá
Ҷ˼ƽϣ˵Ȼһ޷ܾĺöãʮʮֵ꣬ܽˣȣöָھҪֵܱܡʮԺֻҪƻ۷ʦǰȡ黹
ڰüͷһ壬δ𻰣Աһ̾ĺ㻺˹˵ҵĲˣ۾ܸܵˡ
һҶһ𾪵ʵ㣬㡭˵ʲô

û뵽ָȻĺڵԭĺ½ʥءĿģѰҵܹưķû뵽ֻʱڣĺ˵˿ڹֲĶ
Ϊķ֣˵гٴͣ
յʱһζ
ĺڵ˴룬תԲбжΣշΪֲֹڵʱ̫ʣµĶѾǷָܹˣ۾ҲܹܵԴȴ޷ˣҲƵ漣ˡ
ָһֱڶѨ֮ڣĺ֮β⣬߷Ŷ绨УȴʼһһֱȵУμ졣
ڰͻԴ˵ĽǣλУԵܹ֮ķ⣬ֻ˵λʦķŹ񣬶ЩҪķԼӴ󡣷ŹɹͬԽķѧҪΪ𷨻ѧе书ĳˣǷ𷨿ǷħȻǱж³绨ʦϰ䣬תз𷨣ǻǸܻҵķָ˳绨ѧڲֹ߻ħΣգǽ빦УΪѧƽܹ֮ƶɮⱲӻǵһ
ǲͷǺ¾Ͷˡ
Ҷ绨˻˻أҲڰ˵ģһлĶ˵İš
ʱڣҶˣڲǽɱ޻õսƷ򵥷˷֡
ܹѹħڹתٶȵ鱻ҶƤУΪǱɣȱľʱ䣬ܹʡʱ飬Ҷܹץסľ֮һ
ҲΪҶ绨ڲɱ޵жУûִ̫ΪҶյõһ«ʯ衱ڣĺ㣬ӦʽǱƤƳףֶ
߰ĶǸõҲԸҪͶҶɱоǽһСԲǶ䣬Ҷ뷨ⶫҪǴ֮رǼֱһ̨ƶĹǴ
յʱڣˮ̶еǴ֮رҶܻأÿš꼻Ŀš
ʱ䣬ٶ滨˴룬ÿ׵Ļ棬һֻ״Ż䣬ε
ÿ䡰꼻ϵǲԴÿ仨ֻγһ֧һգҲ֮Ʈ䣬ҪٴλõȴһεĻ꼻ĿʱڼģǸݻõ㡣
Ϥֲ꼻ҪѪȣһѪĴȴﵽһŨȣԿ佫֮ήһ֮գɢȻ󻨶Ҳή
ЩҶûżա꼻ϵǵȴЩȫʢﵽһ֮һٲ죬㹻ҲҶΪǿ档
꼻ȫʱ䣬Ҷ㣬ӦԺ󣬵ʱҲͻʱˡ

˴ɽʮ⣬һʮ˵Ķ飬ΧһֻϬ
Ϭһ;޴Ϭţؼһ̹ˣصƤױ޶¿ڣһ޵ԻɱġƫƫⶫƻΪǿΪ񲻼ãĴֱײľ۾شͲƲʧԣе۾ӵ㣬ɱϬ񣬶ȼͽĸߣɱ¾֮УɱĴ֮⣬ɱϬΪ
ĸĸߴĳì֣һֳǹһ־޶ܣͣش̻嵱еľ޴Ϭţţʮ׵ʯӵУضǾƳɵ޼Ϭǣȥͬһһ㡣
ϬңǱƤϵƣصϬţƤѱû˵ĸìֵĴ̻ҲҪɱϬţڴ̼Ϭţŭͣ궯һϬĴǻɱ׾١


138 
Ȼʲô߼ޣϾ޵еάĵҲǼΪӴģʱ֮ͬСɽһϬ¶ƣ̬
ûʱֻϬѾǲأͬɽХԴ޷֮ǰֺˣüȵĴͷɥ
ʯһϣվʮӰ߰˻⣬źеˡ
һò׶ߣʯƣϬһۣٺЦ磬ֳˣɱֻϬڱѾɱʮͷֶˣļƤǻһƤˣʮϬİϬţǣҲԽ񣬶һ򾧱ҡ
һһͷĿɫƤͺԿǣԺһǮβƲͬϸСβ룬ԵüǿգԼֵܵĻ֮Цǰ򾧱ҵļֵæһ£ҲһͼһЩľƷѣʲôֵø˵ġ
ٺ٣ǴģԶ
˵ԶͻȻһӰһһֱ࣬ץסһֻצӣŹȵʱؿأȲɸߣҲ۵ô˾ĿУɵ˶ɿ֣һƬҶһƮǰ
ΧʣңңָŶԷ߻ʲôǵľٶ
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˵λͷȴǺػԸŽŵ£ų˵˵ȸʲôˡ
˻ɫ·ڸǣҲף֮һ˫տ۾ܱԵ쳣
ƽͬк棬ɵػ˵ǰֱӽһݸǣһֻӡö˶һݡ
򹫾ټ
ͷԿ˼ۣ֪Ĺţ㽫ָԵֵܹۿɻߣ˵ʲô˵˹ˣȻΧ֯Ա
Էɱ˹˵¡Էһˣһ졮ǡֶɱĳ˸ֻǣˣµĻߡݿɿ鱨ЩѾѡ˵ططѾź֣⸽룬ͽǸˣ֮˵أһɹŹֵζ
ʲôֻǡҲùôߺߣҪءͷģǰһ˰̡
֮⣬֪ûʲôĽ
ĲҪʣɱ֮ǾöܵĽԺ󣬱ϵ˵ֳȷϣǴԴ˶һëǮ֮⣬Ķڣǵġ
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˵˵ͷ𣬼շתͶֵУת˲ʧ
źʧķͷЦһԵֵǰʵô磬ǽӲӣѵֻŵɽܿô˵ʵں
ߺߣֻɽôѪ׷ɱǶˣҪôǶԷȷˣҪôõʲôΪҪĶɽ̰ƵʱֻõֵΪҪĶҲŲֻɽ棬ĵȥΪȥ±һʲôè塭ߣɱԷ֮󣬻Ҫɽ򹫾ʵʵƨֻºʵǼ٣Ҷİɡ
ǸĿ׶ֵǰʵǴ˼ǡ
ͷϸ۾оһţ˵ɱǮãǶߺߣȻȵõ˵ˡ

ɽ⣬һݵСɽׯУҶֵܾۼһ𣬼֤һ˼ĵ顣
˱ǡСӥչ𣬶ɢʯԴޡ
ֵܵУҶ绨Զڡʥء̩ѩɽϿˮز֪ȥδӰʸ̩Զ嶼Ҳ֪ʲôԭʧȥϵ
ʣµλֺеԴޣ֮һֱԴչԼδɢʯˡ
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ȻЩ飬̺ĲȻۻľȴǡСӥչʵʵܹܵõġ
ֻһ̴ľĴأСȴϸ̴ľأִָɵıһӦֱ÷顣
ҽغֻ̤̤ţʵĵһӡ
ΧΧ۵ػ
ء罫궼û´벻ⱩצĽǿ٣˵磬˼ֻĹֻһذ㲻øء
˵Դޣһľݣ֮ǰԵøӾǶϰʶܶĦڭǾСʶĽ
ԲĵԴޣľˡʶܶĦڭǾʵĹ֮ϣֵܵУھҶ˵á飬ϣԴ޵̶ѾҶҶϾѧ̫࣬Ҫǡŋ翸ţֻĳɼֵܵΪƽӹһΪ⡰ŋ翸󡱣ȴҶֵܵȫһ
Դ޵Ŀ佱չɵÿЦҡͷҪ׽Ū˭ҲҳָķϾʧܵĳɹ̫ˣԼΪԱצĲӦ֫ΪĲзϡ
ĪȡЦˣĺǲҲһΰ
£Դһ㶣æҡ˵ɣŪþɲзˣЩļҶǰоɣģǲᵱʵġ
ԴһŻŵģǵ˺ôЦ
һֱԵĶɢʯҲչֱۺȽţѯ֮Ȼ󵭵˵ģצĽ㱾ľӵʮߵµġ࡯Լӥþӥ簾Ƴɵġ콬֤ĻָȿֺáڻǲԹֺҽת˼
չ˵ͷ뵽һ궼ûмĸףɵҲǰ̾һ
ԼȻһûйңӥϾԼӣȻðżΣգɱͷӥԲ׽ĸ߼ޣӹذ֮飬Ա
Ҳʱؼҿһˡ
չһҷſ˼ҵͷɫɵʵǴҪȵʲôʱָܻѧʲôʱ˶أ
ɢʯ˵ȹ۲һʱ˵ָָܻĿ붼Ҫȵϵʱ䣬԰꣬ʱڣֻǲ˶֣㻹ȫ˹ͨλľҡ׽ԼӿָÿնҪڼϰǡ
չЦģȻûа취´⹦û£ȫʣ¼ûдͨǸֽйϵҪѾͨ裬ҿȫͿԲˡ


139 ƶ
Դ޺Ͷɢʯһִϲ֮ɫֵܵУǰ죬˵ʵһء
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չҲЩ˵ǺܸлǣҪҶֵֻ֣ܳչһӶǸˡҶæƵҩȽҲ㣬ͷܴΪлպչдҪ𡣡
ɢʯ˵СܶȻĻתʦҲùҼϣҶһˣܲԼ˱´Ҷзݳ˵ⱩצצϵĽɼǼֵһɵġǴߵܣ޸֮С
չЦŵͷֵ֪֪أ᲻жˣϴϰôӰأ
Դ̾һ˵ˣϰ֪ԴǴӾϻ֮ͲӰ֮ǰ˵ƺǱٵһ˲ȥѧϴδһϢ˵ѧҵǵҪЩʱղгɣزǡоǴ磬Ϊٳɣ޷԰о˵棬׵ϱǺǣɽϵҰء
˵˴˲ɵöһЦ̩ȫڵ֮£ҲʮΣʱֵԼȥ̩Ϊɣһ֮ǣһϰѼǰֵ̽ȫһߣʱһãֵҲͲȥˣֻԸͷӶտ
չ̾˿˵ʱȣȴˣ˽֡
͢˴£Ħ빫Ȼ췴Ӱ죬ݡݣݣҲǳ˶Ҽ󡣼Ҹ˵аΪλͬǻӦĦڵİ̶֣Ҳǲ˺
˵̫ƽѾڼݵϾ£ͣϮŹٸݻΪһֱ⣬һֱСɽļСȨѾ˰ݻ̵УҸ˵аݻ̵˰ݷùҸѰҸ̣һͬ췴ϧ̫棬Ҹֱӽݻ̵ʹ߸ơ˾Ҳ׵˰ݻ̣ڡʮӥݻ̵˼֣ӴսҲһ
Լȶ֮Ҳһʱصݰ׵ġ
Դ޺ͶɢʯҲǵͷʾ⡣ʱ﷢ô飬ȻҪȥúóŶԡͬʱҲǶԡӥչ۷ˣ壬ѵõǼԳ͢ĵ֮£ҲܹϴǴǣסݻ̵Ĺ֮Ӣۡ
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չ˵ͷ˵͢˾ɽԼͨͨ¶˳˵͢ɫڲľ̫ƶ˷Щϰаɴ󵨾¡ⳡҾֶԳ͢˵ǸشĿ飬ĵڳֻҲ֧ϧֵܾ㵽ߣҲһ֮ѣĵҪֵ֧һɵǵ߰æΧչʵһеġʮӥɡˡĺչ׳󣬲Ϊĺܣĵܵڳ͢ҲӻȨҲ͸ʵӰ쳯͢ľˡ
˲صͷʾͬ⡣
ܹӰ쳯͢ľߣɿ޶ȵʵ˷ħ࿹
ԴͶ䣬˵ֽ׶ֵӦǷչʵȡھ֮ǰȫ죬˲δҾֵ࣬뱣ļʴ
ɢʯʵС׼ôˣ㹻ô
Դ޺ǺЦȻûˣҪ벽죬׾٣ڰעȫھѨˡʦѧõ֮ѧϰֽ׶ҪĸǶͬһ߶Ǵͨʮ澭ʦŵصǷھѨϣֻҪͨζˡٺ٣ǱңȻû߿ҲС٣ΪŹ̸Ҳûãһʦŵڹһжǰ׷ϡ
ɢʯһʵô㲻ȥͨʮôһ㲽֮ķչǱǲˣ
Դҡͷ˵ˣΪʦ칦ص㣬Ǵ洢λû϶ھѨ֮УʮѨʦչһǧٰʮѨߵ뻹ࡣ㹻չΪĵز
չҲһԵͷ˵Ҹ˵ʥǰĹƺǡʢд֮ΪۡÿһѨ·ϵƬͨһһϵƤĤĵ˼һ㣬ȫеĸѧ
ԴƤЦصͷϣɢʯصʵĿǰ׼ôˣѨĴͨʲôز
ѨѾ˰˳ɣٺ٣׽ȻǸǵģϡʶȫľѨ̼ͰĦԣھͲζûдͨʮͨôȥĹʮζһǧٰʮѨ㹻ȫͨ
ꡭ
ɢʯһ̾˵ʱڣԴҲܲĻǿ˷˰ϧҵĹ򲻹ƵҩʱҲãʱȥǲء
ɢʯһʱ䣬һֱʦҶƵҩԪǿĻԵҩЩҩѾдĿʼʹãɵӵʼǷǵҰһڽҩȴǱɸֹ߲Ϊĵҩγʣ谭ĴֻͨԪǿĵҩҪôҪôҩʳͬԴֻ壬ԾԲڴ
ȻҩѧԺûƵġ
չæȰ֪ܺæʵһܷɣֽ׶ƵĲеͼĸҩôоͷȨЩСʿѡģ̸֮ԼǺܺá
뵽ˣʦʱ̲ͣĸСʿ࣬ʱ̽Ӱˡַһʱյģҿѧ˰ܹģֻЩѧûһ˶֣Ĳİ


140 ۵ʧ
˶ɢʯĻֵܾԣɢʯްһЦ˵缸ΪҵģȻҵڹҿ٣Ҫˣҵ޹Ҷҧгݲøҵϵȹǡ칦ϡһָľѧɲ˵Цġ˵Ȳۿ˵ʤʲô֮˵칦Ź̫棬˺֮ʱֻ⡾칦Ȼں׶αܹ
ʲô쾳
չԴ޵ʱһһȻ֮ɫػһۣɢʯʵ˵˵ô£
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λͨҵ伮ٽԼѧվ伫ޡȵھȫͨΪһ̶Ⱥ󣬱г书ٸߣҲѲʱΪҪؼĹԪ
ΪΪά֣ҪճʳȡʳԻΪά֮棬ҩҲǼĵرҩǡ֮֮ʳ֮ǿ¶ǿ
Ȼһнͨ˵ʳö»ԭάġΪβֱԪɱͨʳҩֱӣʡһתĲ衣ҪβֱԪȴһ⡣
еʦն׷˽УҲǲ죬䷽϶Ϊ¯ͨԪõķȺ죬˳ɺתİ취ǼȴתȽﵽԪĳ̶ȣʩΪɹʼͣҹ֡
λȴ澶ǽں֮£ֱĸڴʱһĸȻ֮ʱģǡĸ֮УѪδһڡνԿգһ鲻һ㡮ڡǴ˳ʼʹڵġ
˵ġ칦δ쾳֮ǰڵһͣѭ׳󣬵ʱ죬ڵȥͨؼԪúͨԪǿ˲ֹһȻˮɣðκεΣա
ֹˣ칦ڿ쾳֮ԪҪΪףǵҹϵ䷶
չ϶¶Ȼ֮״ֻԹƬ֮Դɻʵ칦˵ܵġ쳤ؾóϹ֮ͬǾ֮ʲôأ
칦ں֮ʱֲʹʵ࣬ЧҪˣϡһָֺܽࡢ˵ͷų쳤ؾóϹܹϵȻܹͨϵֱžˣЧֻʱάܿˡ֮󣬡칦ٶȱȽϿ죬쳤ؾóϹܹԪֲ⣬ܹеӶʹӯ׳ֹ˥ߣʱϼֱָտɴˡ
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ɢʯ˵칦ŹȻС׽ͨȫѨ澭ֻζδͨʮҲЩµȻӰ첽죬ȴľô죬ӰպĽ
չһص˵ͷ˵˵Ĳ벻ߵóѧȻ˸ãҵȻ̫ء
Դ޴磬ôҿÿ춼ڷߵܸצ鶼췭ء
չɫһ죬ŭӥצߵóģһͼžΪһأһ̾˵˵ʵߵأѧøҵۣҵڶû˵ѧ飬˵ôðأ
˭ѧǣ
ԴЦ˵ôѧҶһҲѧë⼸ֵܷʵˣҲҶôģħŵ˯}Ļţ˵жҶߣ˵Ҷ߻Ǳ͵أϾѧһȣǻá
˺ȻЦ׷Ц˱ԵС˼ħ´У˵ûҶˮպҲⲻҪħŽһǵСɽһӣ˭ܲˡ䵽ʱֲöʱ˼һ£Ҳûʲôá
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չԴ޷׷׵ͷǡ
չ˵һʱ䣬ɷͷ˻̹֣ӭʯֿǵȻ󲨣Ȼ˳ǹΪ֣سǳص飬ʵ۶˷ڿ࣬Ƕʡͷ̫һЩȻΪʹð׵ս٣һٳʿøӶĿҲˣĿ궢ɵͷϣֱսµӡ


141 ѡ벻ѡ
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չҲǵͷͬǶ˲죬ǿʱ̣ڹ⿿һͷԵδ̫һЩ
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ƣͷϵͻȻ̧ͷȥʼɽۣͣػ۶
ͨУԪı仯ǸӦģֻ쾳߻Ǵﵽ˺۷徳ǲֱܹܵ仯УʱһƬƾۼ仯ٵݣ㲻ʲô¡
ôԵԪı仯ȻѾǺԲߣ˲˫۾ɽķ˹ȥ
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Сӥչ̾˿˵лʶ㣬ȽϸһЩңɽķ򣬵˵Ҳˣⲻ˶ԪͻȡԪӴ󣬲쳣ġ
ʲôһ£˴һ
˭ôǲյԪȻܹδҲ̫Ϭ˰ɣ
չվߵƻۣȻγһһӴţɶӵһһǰǻҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ʲôˡ

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ʱ̩仯쳣֮˳Ѱߵǰѵһء޷棬ͬɽһȵϢ˲η֮ġ
˿̵̩˳֮⣬һ˿Ȼ
ʱǰһáĽǻбչۼСӣĸ֡Ǵ󷨡
ⱾҶõؼҶ͸ģҶҵˡ
ǰʥءǰһҹҶֵܺȵʱҲǺȵԺ̩һȴϡͿߴ˷䡣
ҡҡλε߳ŵʱȴС߷˵ϵͭ裬ճɻҽ鱾澹Ȼһֻ˱߽ǵ鼮桾Ǵ󷨡ĸȴ̩֪һѧؼ
ôߵܻ᲻Сյѧؼأ
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һһдϰٱҶ֮£㽫ܹӴ༶ѧȫ¼еȻͰⱾǴ󷨡
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֮ȴΪȵ̫࣬ôһ£ⱾؼͬȾŪ·һǽǡ
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ⱾؼȻһ㣬ֻзġڹŵĲ֣鼮ĽǱһЩֲδȫѧġǴ󷨡һģһ
һ̩ǴΪĶ
Ϊģֻǹ⡰ɢ֣̩Ķѡ
˹һΣ˵ŹҪڵɢ澭Ҫ䣬ȡϾڵ֮С
Ȼ̩񾭲ҲûԷ书ֻǱ޷ظĥùǺ
̩ġʵصǰԵ٣ص㣬ųκ㣬޷׵֮
ŹȻ˵̥ڡ޺ɶ񹦡ʵֻе֮һĹȡȴŹǿĻǿ׳ĹܣĿΪôħŹݻ
ΪħŹۼ̫ǿԵҲĲλӦļǼûǿʣħŹὫϰߵļһϡãԵħŹ³ֻҲзϡ
ˡ޺ɶ񹦡ǿǿ׳ķţħŹŵ԰ȫϰĽС
һɲ֣湦֣޺ɶ񹦡ǡϵԣŹ湦ԣȴǡϵı֣ʯϵѵõԵСϵ͡ϵĳȣǹϡ
Ե̫ԵųκԵΪϧǣȱݣԵȴܣͨ硾ȫķˮ޷ᣬҲʹ̩ĻΪã˵޷쵽ġ
̩ǵǸ꣬Ҳ۷ľ磬㡣ûô򵥣ԽԽǿⲿѹħԼŶԼһֵܵѹȣʵѾֵٵΪеⲻֻΪԼҰĺܹΪֵǷֵѹҲ̩ΪӺͼֵж׼лһһ롪Ϊһħһ
⿴Ƽ򵥵Ц룬ȴ̩ļ֮һ


142 
Ϊǿߡ
С̩еĴ룬ǿҵŻµĵزǿҵǰ̩κһԼǿĻᡣ
Ǵ󷨡ɱһᣬ̩ǰ
̩ʼʱûʶšǴ󷨡ãֻǿˡɢ֣ܹڹɢôԼͿڹлᲽô
ȵ̩ؼ˽⵽ŹǿȡΪ֮Ϊֱ˾Ѿء
ӹϿѧơħһаڹԵԼһ׷Ǳۣǰ̩õ񹦣Ҳڵһʱ佫ٵ˶մմϲΪԼΪֳһ
ǵ˽졭
õǴ󷨡̩߬ⱾؼϷ֡
ΪʱеĲаɵĹҲǿ
ڴǰԼôԷ
ʱ̣Ҫĵط̫ˣѾûʱԥ̩ţԼơһ֮
뵽˴̩ͻȻƣҿžظԼһͣ߳ͷ´ҽԼֵܶŬʵԼΪ磬ʵȴϺȵһʲôƽߵ˵ģ书аĲƶ񡯣ô˹ֻҪͶƣһø䡢ȴʲôĺû᱾ĩ޴ˣӾҪѧŹ
һ̩ٿȻðһƾ⣬ᶨƵؽؼ򿪣ǱԼѾ߰˰˵ġǴ󷨡ٴļ
ּ̩жм䡣
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Ҷ鷨տؼϵּƽȵС̩Ȼ鲻࣬Щּ㲻ʶãףЩϳ˹ķţһ֮˹;ɰתֻҪвԣ߻ħ
̩ҲļƣѽЩʶֿ֣֮˸ףʱԭС棬д˸ֶʶֶѾ˶ǽ಻ҪĵطʱѯֵܣҲŪ˸
˴μȻ¶ŹٴǣȻǼǵû©С
һһ飬֪˼飬ҲóˣŽؼ뻳У»ص֮ڣʼ
Ϊʱ˴ţ̩ڷϹ˱չ֮ʱŻĺ졣
Сʿ⣬Ϊ֮ǰ̩ҲйձŲʱ򣬶ĵʿȴǲϸͷɽȴǳ˱ŸͬʱҲŵ̩С
ԺһοĺôĽ飬ֻҪ̩ţݶϹһ죬ɽµĵӱԶԶؿҲͲˡ
̩취ҲǲͬʱΪ˱չ֮ʱڶӶҲԤ˲ٸ׼Ϊȫ
źһУ̩ڷУרǴ󷨡
ڹҪڳ֮뵱ϢʵԽǻԽǿ
šǴ󷨡һҪҪԭڵɢɢ⣬ɢ澭ʼһɢ
̩˹еڡ͸֫ٺ΢΢һʱ˵
̲٣Ϊʧǻ˸ط洢
Ǵ󷨡ּҪ󡰳䣬ȡγһնȡ˵ɢ澭֮С
̩Ըͣһ϶ĳĿ꣬ǲǲ׷ֵġ
ԴʼϰǴ󷨡֮ôһ˳Է֮ʱ֮⣬һʱ䶼
һ֣յʱ䡣
ȵ̩Ǵ󷨡ġɢȫɣȫɢ澭֮ﵽ˹˵ġпգƹȺ顱
ͬʱΪǴ󷨡ԵʣԭŻͨ澭Ѿȫͨ
̩û뵽ǣɢ澭ġδԵĹȫûбʣͬǰһšʯԣһӵǿҵԣԭͬˮһԣѾʼת䣬ͬһԲͣ۱
ٶȼ죬յʱڣ̩澭㱻Ȼԭˮʵʼ̡ᾧɫˮ̩ܲ澭׵
̩ܹܵҪͻ죬ֻͱһ㴰ֽˣȴǣһĴֽײ
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ߴĵطɵڣɶе½Һʯ˸Ҫ֮أͬչأ׼ͻ졣΢СԪ궯ѾյĹ⾰˵˵УѾﵽ˽еľأнͻ쾳硣
̩Ϊܹͻе裬ȻԼûʽͶʦ˵ѾɵԼʦˡ
ۼͻ죬̩ϲ鲢ûмֶãΪʱ̣ȻԶɽ⣬ͻȻֵļӰһ·ɳų˹
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̩һڶԷɽı֮·ϣȻŶԷĵԷѩɽأȻ㲻ܣӭ̩˹
ֻһ֮䣬ĸӰ㵽˸ǰٿȻɢѩ֮ϣ俴һһסȥ·̩
ȫʮˣûдκαУòݣһһģһ˫̥
еһˣߴ׳˶вЮһѳŨüǶ۾һվƺƽͨȻȴһ˵ƣκһ֪Ȼǧӿɱ뽫˰벽
һվڶԶ֮Ǹݸӣһڽ˹ģò㣬һɹʹսɱɭɭ
̩δ˵Է˫̥еһȵù·ʶĸϽ
̩üͷһ壬ӦɽأͲ룬Щʧ˰ɣ
ɫһ´̩һۣ˵ɵţӣ
ǰɡλǷ뿪أ
˻һۣͻȻЦ


143 
Ц֮󣬸ո˵˫̥ٴγԺȵȻɵĵӣɽɣ÷ǸʿϽֵܶˣȥĴ籨𣡡
̩һ㶣ʵǴ磿
Ǵǵꡮؾ񡯸֣ϡɽͬ͡װɴ̿ͣҼҴһףȥֵѰ˴˵ʱʱɱҵͷ֮ޡ
̩һȻȵסڣһȺСˣֵҵɽ֮һһսȺСˣֻ֮ΣȻҵʱɽѰ£Ǳ޳
һһЦʹ׳˶󺺺ȵTMDİ׳Сӣֵںڵϻ켣ʮ֮꣬Σʲô޳ܵǶɹǰ׵ʿѸ棬ǺڵֵںƨСӵӣ˴ϢȻûҹڲ֮缸⹦ɱɽȥκһɶӵԴֵƽ𡭡
̩дһᣬŭȻ⣬˵ʲôֳ𣬻ǳͽ˵˭ݸǵϢ
ѽǣа塣ͲԼеʣȴûô
һЦҪ֣ͻȻԪ͵һۣܵĿ·𶼱һ㣬죬Ԫɽ嶥Ϸɾ۶ȥ
ɫ䣬ʹȻһϺȣţͻ죬ʱȣϡ
һ䣬ĸһˣ޹˼ɵֹͼ̩˲ɱ
̩һŭµ಻˼ĽǶٿȻ֣һɫâ˿ͷĵзƲɵһնóȻֵĸ֡
ֻһг֣ҲǼʶĺڵֱѾ֪ԼߵˡȻҲܵ˶ֿܱȽҲû뵽̶ֳȣοѾȫ׼һֱƣ˲ս
Ҳû뵽̩Ȼһ־ֲҪĴ򷨣˲ɵ´󺧣˲жϳԼԷУԷһҲԲ赲֮ƻǵ塭
һȫĴ򷨡
̰ƵϧҪĵͶԺأ
Ծ̩һն֮˾㶼ǻַԭΪɱΧ֮٣ɢˡ
̩һ˶дֵԼıУȻǲϵ˳һһسޡ
ޣһһͬʱ⵽̩Ĵ֮ϣȻһͬ˺Ӵһ㣬̩һģ֮䣬ȻһɣƲܿƵˡ
̩˳ϣмصµ·ûһ˿Ƶػ˲䣬һһ㶼׷ɶ
һ֮ĸ׷ɵӰ̩ɵ˲أΪضǸʹĸһۣһ˿ɻͣطڡΪڸղţһȫȺع֣˵У˶ǿֵסɱһڽӴɲǣʹֵȴ̩һ˿Ϥĸо
ָоصļԷҲǹװɵӣʵһǰ˺ûܵ
Էʲô
ֻ̩һӴóЩжϣΪֵأȴ̩֮࣬ȴ˰ġ
һ˲䶼̩Ĵôʹߣ̩ϴľȻ׾룬ɵشӻͳһɫԲͲ˵׼͵һ
ݡ
һ̻ϰգһҿһɫ
ѩɽ֮ϣ̩ԭ糣ɫ˲ӳһƬѪ죬ɫ˲䣬һã

绨ڴת˹Ϊ⡱Ӱ죬меķѧһȼ
似ΣҪľڹ޺ɶ񹦡͡׽
յʱһ绨С޺ɶ񹦡ﵽ˵ڰĴԲ磬ֻҪ죬ŹͻƣӵһԾ˵죬ǧľϡ޺ԼȻľ绨ں쾳֮£ѾȫԽҶΪֵܵеĵһˡ
˲ϸ绨еϲҲûʱ׽ʲôҶͶ뵽˳쾳ͻƵС
ʱѹѨеġ꼻ȫˡ
ҶҲ׼ڿʼֱ쾳ˡ
һ죬Ҷȴá
ȻͲʮ꣬βܹ˵˵ġ
ʱ˿̣Ҷϥ֮ϣϢܹоԼÿһĻԾ֮飬ҲܹܵÿһȻ
ϣеԼÿһ鼡⣬ÿһͷÿһÿһν죬ÿһƤĤѾﵽܴļޡ
׼׵ʱȡ꼻ϵˡ
Ҷڵʸϡ꼻ϵЮ֮Уҷڡ
ɲǣҶͬ˲ιһ㣬ÿһëסÿһϸ˵泩һ庹ðȫҵ
Ҷҹ壬Ϊɾ׺ԼѣҶɵȾŽѪȫʸС
ӣҶ΢΢Ƶĸо
ʱĸоʮģΪⲢͻ쾳磬ֻǸĺôˡ
꼻ϵΪ󣬳ѰһѾǴΪף׼Ჽ֮ʱʹ࣬߸ĺôȴҪﵽһĹģɡ
Ҷ壬֮ǰĲ裬ԴԴϵؼȡ꼻ϵ
Щͻʱ򷢻ǿá
ʱƣҶѾ˴ҶڵԽԽŨѾﵽһ˵ĵزеĺѾʼܵѹȣѨλ֮Уһ
Ҷһڵ֮ͲסܵļޣֻöϾκ˵һ˱㱻˰գһжģʶȻѣÿϸı仯֮С
Ŀʼ
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˾ˮ̶ı仯֮ʱһ޴ĺԭµ̶ˮͻȻͬɽ緢һıˮ˳ˮ̶ϰ׸߿գǿҵĳˮ̶Աߵɽ嶼˰ߡ
ǿҵڰҶӰڰһţת˲ԪУѼֺ


144 ϶
Ҷͻľ޴ɳ˴˵ΪźšȻֹ绨ˡ
Ԫʼ춯
ڵأ绨ˣһһı顣
˭ûϵ鵱ͻ쾳ﾹȻҶҵʱˮƽȻǶôǿǱˮƽأ
ǡֶ¶ı飬ʱ˾޴ƣǿ΢ˣҶͨصƣֶⱲӶûǾ漣ġʥءҲֻڴ˵вġ
ˣǰ;Բ
ͬʧɫģССڣûϵҶȻԼһ죬ҴӶԷĽ״ǱԳΪֲ˲˲֮һ𣬰ԼһûãＹһ䣬ŵؿҶŵĽ֮·
֪ǣһ˲ʱչԽӴ󣬲֮ĺԽ࣬ͬʱǿԽǿõĺôȻ˵ʹҲǳ˵
ҶʶȴƲס壬Ա߹ĦЦһЦ
Ҷ֪ʼʱȻеΪĸо㲻ô̹ˡ
ȻûãĸоԽԽأֻоʼޱȣǹǼƤĤ
Ҷǿ͵ĸоûжֺֻƴؼȡͻϻûʼ
ڵÿϸ΢仯ʶ£ǰδеˡ
ԪﲻϵĻۣҶѾͬһƬŨ֮һ㡣
浽ʼϵسҶһʼÿһϸҶ鲻ԽؾҲ˵֮ǰͬУҶоһﱣڻءͣؾ塣
ܶҲҶ
֪ڰ壬ֻҪܿʹõĺôΪۺǱԽԽͬܵʹ࣬ҲΪǿҡ
֮ǰˡ꼻ʱѾʼãԪӦȫÿһϸҶһƬĸоɢһɵ㣬Ҷ˯ļʹ
Ҷʱ˯岻ܿƣԪ˰յУŲ쾳ǿ졣
ʱΧĺͻȻɫһʱͷŵġԪеظӦԶѶϢע⡣
ˣѭѰ˵ˡ
ɱһɱ
ĺ㳤һ˵λп͵
ڻһ½ʣ˳һߣʵˣ
ĺһŴ˲ʮˣһֳӡһӴɱһӴػعϢӦϿӵӦǿ֮⣬Ϊ۷塭ǳǽӽҶֵܣƻۻ𣬻Ҷӭȥ
ڰ˫ֺʲĬţʾͬ⡣
绨вĺԸѾһдȣȳŵ˳˹ȥ
ĺæԾ˳ȥͬʱںֶ򺰵ֶֺסĵˣ绨жԸĵˡ
ڡ㽣ʣֱɱĵˡ
ǡ
ǡֶһӦ׷ڳȥ
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ǰϮ֮ʱ򣬡ǡֶһʱ俴Ϯ֮˵ݣٿȻʯɣ
ʮ˵Уǰ׶һˣ֮ǰеĸ֣Ҳֶʶʯɡ
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ʱǡֶѣֵô᲻侮ʯأ
ʱʯһġǡֶĿ궨ϣһ۶ÿֱ˦£ԼһЦ͵شܳ˲䳬飬ֱھʮҾ֮ʱ𣬻еľ޴ںֶ˱ɱ˹
ֶһǰһڱֶǰʱԷǿԼǲȻҪԷӲӲһһ亹ȴֻؿ˶ԷһۣһٶȻһߣ䲻ݷشӶԷķ˹ȥʯԭһ뷨ʱֻȫԸӦӢ걳ֶ
ӲӲĹʯɣһҪȡǡֶǿһߣֶӲͷƤľͷɲɵùЦֶȻɱɵˣҸұ׺ȥɡ
ֶɫأҲ𻰣ֱӽ˫֣ҹĴ󴸣޾ɫֱһȥ
䡪
һ챬˴ഥطըѿ˲ɨֱΧʮ׵ķΧŨصġϵ֮£Ƭ˲ķΧ涼͵سһࡣ
ʯɵϵʩչгԣһҪͬȼֳࡣ
ǣȻԷĹͣײ֮ĽȴǡʯɱһɣβܿƵ׵ʵûа취ţǰƣڱġǡֶôͻȻʵǣӲӲ״̬£һԼɡ
֪Ϊ⡱ãǡֶͻԭľݣʵһȼˡ쾳ڵľ磬쾳УÿһͻƶΪԵʵ
֪ǡֶ仯ɣʵжϻͣǰӡϣȻһӴ˲䣬һ
ӻδƺ̬ɣ˷·İ˵ֶ֮⣬۽ǴͻȻһ׹ҫƤǱһ£ʹһۣʶŤתԴ
һ·ľĴ𣬵ȵƮȻ֮ʱ̧ȥԭı˾
ʱǰԶոǸ꽣ڻս֮䣬һƬɫ硭
ԭԼһɱʮ£ûһܹվûһˡ


145 綾
һʱ䣬ƾͱȫͬ
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ʯɲԼ۾
ǰʱѾǷʬÿ϶ͱʮѪѪҪδ͸岻Ȼس鴤š
ҽжΪ֮ǰǵĺѾһϣʼٸߣǰһƽꡣ
·ʲô΢һ㣬Ȼֱ俴һͷ亹ġʯɣȴصȤֶ˵㲻Ļˡ
嵭ǾһĹһ㡣
Ը
ǡֶɣһЦʼ磬޵ִߵһԣżһֵӡ
ʯͫײȻһΪһǿߣȻһòһû˿Ĳ
ǰ˵˭

һֳ࣬ȫͬΡ
绨еĹƵضɽҡľĽɫâͬըһǵصıɢ
Եеġߡ°׼㣬û뵽ôһ쾳ĴУȻ˳棬սš
һ֣绨£̵ȴǶԷĿ񱩵һʨӺ𡿣ѡ
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°һʱֻܾгᣬֵ
볤ཻһ
绨бһȻû˺ߡ°࣬ѹֵȴַӣȫѹ˶Էϡ
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һ
绨еȲͣ䣬ߡ°ת⣬δƣ绨ȻȻáߡ°Գ
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ȻδȫȻǰﲻϿ°̫æˡ
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ȻС
绨иеԼǱ߷ɵƤһ㣬Ĵȣ׷˳ȥͬڵһХŴĺͷɹٴɺ֮䣬ЩײɾֶЩ͵УȻһ߲ɽ֮У
绨һҽɽ֮Ǹ˴Դɽ弸һס
绨۾ҲЩͣ·ܵ˼ص˺һ㣬һ
ߡ°൹ųᣬԡѪͷΪұ죬˵緢ͬȼεĻ档
޴λ棬ɫĲǺɫΧһչȴīɫ
ڵһ˲䱻ԷĹˣֹɫȻƽ칦Ũصɫīɫ̵ڵɫ
ߡ°ͬħһ㻺һ·ϣӴĵطͬώһͣðݣȻڡ
ľήؽڣݳɻҡ
ߡ°࣬ͬһ綾֮һ㣬ӴﾡԶС
ڵ˺ȻˣԷľ룬ǣǡߡ°ֵܣʯɣҲһ֮ɫͣȥ
һԡ綾
ֻڴ˵Ź벻Ȼڡʥءһλһĸ֡
˵ɱͽ׸ֵĺΪûлӳ֣ճƤͻжԣֵֻġܹһһʩһĵȼߣžҲ𽥲ʴġ綾
ɱ°࣬˳ΪߡԭֻΪĳû뵽ԭȻǶԷĹ
绨֮Աɽ֮Уһ˼صˣ˶Էжһʱԣá
°һߣһ߲ͣؿȳѪȻղŵһѾܵ˼صˣʱɫ쳣ԭͬһϸ۾̵Ĺâݺݶ绨ķȵãܺáж೤ʱˣһֱû˵ңҲֶⱩ¶ĵĹѹ֡ѹĵ֪ıĿ죬Ȼһ˲䣬㱻ƵʹȫڵҲƲסҵģӭӱӦʱô
ձϣߡ°ǰ׹͵һС㽣ҫ۵⣬ʱΪҵ̫ͬһʱ̣λСԾգгɹâ߳ٿȻ˳ʮϵĲɫͳͷšߡ°໮
ɫ񣡣
ͬһʱ̣Ǽܵġߡ°࣬ǡʯɣԼ˵ġǡֶ򣬼ͬһʱ̿
ƺȴںĺ㶼һ񣬵־ᶨȻȫͶؿһԼ޷ٴγֵĿ񱩾УڶԷ˵ɫ񡱵ĺ壬˵Ҳ֪˵˭
ߡ°ӭڵĳһ֮£ȫһ۵еĳᣬȫīɫ֮ϣӲͷƤһźɨİɫ޽˹ȥ


146 ƥ
ߡ°īɫڰ׽ɫϵʱһ֮䣬׽ɫʵһ㱻īɫΧĳֿס˹ơ
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Ϊ˵ǿƣ֪ﲻöԸȴԷ֣ʩչһɱС
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ߡ°˵ûʵڡʥءɫ񡱺պĽ̫Զˣ
ʽһʽֻڡʥءո¶ͷǵĽڸոս롰ʥء֮ʱѾ쾳Ϊڵڣں۷ǻ񡱵ľȻǿʹһУԲǿ
ߡ°͵תīɫĳǰ˼ʵһǿѹ£°ǰһȫ˵£˵˴ʱǰѳ̶ȣڵĽȻ󶥵һء

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ΪӴɫʼò԰ף֮ǰ˲ֹһʩչһУ̫ǿ
ѵĽڡʥءдµĺպҪԼô
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Ī㡪
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ոճȥɣǰȴһһɫſ֮飬Լȫ
ֵǾһԵĺ㣬ڹߡ°ͬʱĺѾ˳׼ǡĳ˵עˡʯɵĹ
ĺԥֱӳֹˡʯɣ˶ԷĹƣĿıҪáǡֶȫһΡϾܹвߡ°ģֳֻСǡֶһ˶ѡ
֣Ҫѹƣ
ĺġϵڵĽ̫ƣܹܺõڡʯɻδע£ͻϮɹһʢĽȫն˶ԷĻ֮ϡ
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ʯɾٿ͵ϮԼǸĬѾԼǰͷײɳʮԶǱ׵һԡ
ȻǱʯɵľԮѾһǰ赲ǡֶѾ˲ֹһߡ
ʱġǡֶ򡾷硿ϵѾת˼£˫Ѹǰƣһ˲䣬ذ״棬ͬһǶڽѹƵġߡ°ࡣ
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Ȼڵĸ֣һֱֵβͬ
ʸ֣Ƿɳ֮󣬱ɢܣһ仡򡰶ߡ°࣬ϯƽ涼֣ʸڲذ壬ڿлߣ˷طȫ˿°·ܹġߡ°ȴڵġϵѹڵϣȻƶٶȸѲˡʸ׷ٶȣֻܱһٴλīɫȫӲںֶ˵ĺϻ
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ֻһʱ䣬ȴ·ȹһ㣬ߡ°ڵֿסֶ˫˺ϻǿ󹥻һ֮ʣ㱻ƣŷͬˮͱīˮһīɫľ綾ٿȻɢ˲ɨȫ
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147 ͵Ϯ
ߵ綾ǿҲù
ӵлֶɣ˵ĻȾһī֮ɫͣʴǱĻ٣ɫ԰ףֻȫͷģۿԽԽ٣˶ͷðȴûаѾ綾İ취
ǲôò˶þͻᱻ綾ʴǷſ̱ᱻ綾Ѭ
Ծ綾ʴһʱѵľأ
ۡ
ߡ°ڵأ͵³һѪǰǰذذǧһ֮ʱ䵲ذףǱܿҪͬʱãҲûд̵̫
һߡ°øӺˣѪܿƵصܼͬСһ㣬ֻһʱ䣬ԭҰɫʯ棬˳һƬˡ
˼ˣߡ°ûܵص˺ˡ
ûзŭ෴ʼվ
ʼЦĵЦЦŵЦ
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磬ң
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һ˵ţһִ߽ˡʯɵĻϣһתԭϵͬȥĳˮһ㣬ȫӿˡߡ°ϣڡ
ԭĴҲһЩһ֮䣬ߡ°ԭЩƲסѪ𽥼ٴαסˡ
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罦Ѫ˻˻죬ߡ°ȴǺһ㣬εضһȻ֮ɫֶ򣬻һ۾У̵Ĺâ˵ˣӣǺþòǰ˰һ£ͻȻǺЦ㿴㵱˰̣Զҵ֮ϣʱ޿̲㡭˼ѪǵˣԽǷԽء
ǡֶһţµʽǼΪģϵԽã綾ʴԽ࣬ԼѵļʱԽ͡ǣԼǷƴѵ뷨ǡֶֻһͷ֮ͱ׵ȥˡ
ȻҶЩ˵ĹϵδչøеĵزʱҲֻǻԼˣԼһ漸ʲಫļʴ١οﻹиոյõĲսƷô޹˼ɵȫʵ̫ۡȻھ϶ԼһȲԼ沢еĵƶ˳滹иСһڲСӴڣֻҪʱһϣδûתĻᡣ
뵽˴ǡֶյĶ룬Цƾ㣿ϸƷһܸľϲҲףΪʲôڵϦʹ⡾綾ڽһزסأ
ߡ°ɫһһ˵ʵúãҲشģʣµ֮ȥʰɡ
ߡ°һг˳Ʒһͬһ޴֣Լ֮С

ǵѪɫʢڽ׵ѩɽ֮ϵʱֱ̩ظеƲһ⡭
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ЩͬʱԶɵɷԼɽɽǵķ򣬶мŨ̳𣬺ɱҲϮкɱΪҵģɵıԺ
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ܹһٽҪĵɱεͻϮǳɹġ
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ܵ˵Ŀʲôǰֻǿ׼ͻϮ֧ǧ˹ģսĳسɽ֮⣬ֲܷƣȻ֪Σ֣ҲɵѪڣгɱ
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͸ոͷź̻ϣԭͬ黹ǰĹ˭ֻһ˲䣬ԷѾԼǰΪһǼصĴ󵶾ȻڿֻǷһΪϸ죬ʶģֿгبԼͷϷ֮䣬ͷǹһƬͷһƬڡ
̩һ䣬ǽųԴһ֮ߣڡۡһУѪͬʱأΪء
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148 ݺ
ɵλ⣬͵ϮŻ³ͨԤϣԳ˽Ʒ֮⣬ľȻʩҲ׵ÿҪǰ棬о޴ͭͰװˮΪľǾȻ֮á
һжȻذţȻԤϵ͵Ϯ֣гɡĶסţм־ТֱƸ֣³ͨҶ֮ˣ顢Լľֻһ֮㾮Ȼ𽥻ָ
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ڳ߳µ棬ͭҲ̣߳һǸ߸߾̩Դ˭û뵽Ȼ˻µصСƬô棬ûôãôķɧ
һ죬һգ۵Ĺͷ𣬻δɵߴʱ̩Ѹޱȵ˱Ѿ˵Ĳʬ
ٶ͵һ٣ȴ̩ͷԾ˹ȥûüأ̩ĴǰȥһΣͬʱ˳һ߬ĩ˵̩һڣǰ͵ȥ
ֻһ֮䣬תɹͷԼǰˣгΣͬƵĻľһ㣬һء
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̩ųȺʱԶǰ˲ʮ׵ľ룬ҲǼ֮飬̩صΧȦıѾǷʬûһܹˡ
̩ǰͷǰ׵飬һХĴȵ߾̩ڴˣС״
̩һӢšؽ֮ˣ棬죬Ըɱһֲ
̩ɽҰǵǰ۵Ľǧͬʱһ飬Ȼ֮ʱԶδ˵˺ͻӿͬѪдɮڵ۾
ɱ
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˵ó٣ʱ죬̩ӵʯ𣬵Ⱪǣһѣǰﶼڷ
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ǰﱻͻȻľվȣһһࡢħƣʽִĸǶ̩ĺġ߹
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ǾȻ־Ϊ֮һᣬڶ࣬¶ĺȻ֮ɫγɵİΧȦȻͬʱ룬¶ĺôһƬյء
书Բһжһԥ鵱еָһĴȳ֣̩һ˱㽫֧ʿ䡣
̩۽Ƴһͦŭһбб֮죬硣
ǡϡһ𴦣ۣп߲׮վȣ


149 Ⱥɮ
ۼԼһûһԷ̩ɫһ˶Էĸ֣ͬʱҲǵһο˵ȻȵߣĶֳۣ
һ䣬۽Ǵսл
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ʱŹ޹һе֣֮Σѡ
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ֻյĶȴǱֹ̥Ӱ̩̩ΪŰ壬ΨѧҶԴޡ绨Ӱ죬Щ˶ѧţǵĹͬص㣬Ҳ̩ϽͬʱӦ֮ʱżΪӦԡ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬Էոһڳֱؿڣʱ
ڳֻ֮սʱ̩õ淴˻Լؿڡ
ʱһﵹ֮󣬺ԱѸٹ֪̩һ粽Ѹϣ͵һֱߣһ߳Զ
пѪŵһͷɣ˲佫ʮְڵأ̩ʱ¶һ϶
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գ֮䣬̩ɱʮ߰˸ʱЩ´ﶼۼȺֵֿλ֡
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а߰ȵĹŵӣҲλݱеСʦܡ
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ڴ˸ߵݱУʹĴ󺺣ȻѹסԼⲻòݱзŵĸо
һݱе̩ͬҲǲܣݱлҪ˰벽룬̩ԸԼͣǿУһԲ˫Ŀ˷ܵɫ̤ͦȥǿһ£δӿ˵һڰ㳯ŶԷȥ
һɵ죬ݱ֮ܣоӲͻٿȻǰ͵һ뿪δľŰһ䣬˳Żľһ죬̩ȼľµĵڱԷĥǿҲݱ
ֻ̩кһʣ˫ֵնٷһ˵γɰ˵ȼյĵݱǰͬʱ̩ǰһ壬µϲž˻ˣ̣
һȥƼ͸ǿ鶯޺޼
ΧɮֻĿɿڴ˵ƽסݱֱ̣Ƽ֮ʱƲı仯š
ﲻɵôʧɫ㶼һŵؿݱУȻţǶΪݱ֮µһܹ׵ֵһ
˭֪ݱиȿ磬һֵһˣУȫ̩Ĵ֮ϣŻ̩һ


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Ҷáǧﴫڡߡͬʱʩչݺס̱ڵϵġǡֶק˻ȥȵʩչһƷ磬ÿ°ֵת˻
ʱ򣬡ǡֶȻѲ
˵ʵڻЩһЩСֶΡСϷѣȻ˵֮˾ûʲôˣҲʲôֵóݵĵطҶԼСӦ֮ʱΪԼӮһռݸơ
ڱˣҶ򵥵Сáߡ°಻öΪǰʿǸѹԼǿ֣ҶոսϵδƽϢĵӿôţټҶݵı飬ñжɵġߡ°࣬øӲ׳ˡ
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ߡ°һ˵֪Լˣһ֮ʱԭռƵһͻȻȴӲһĻﶼ˵˵˵Ӱ½˲١
˭ҶָָԼıӣЦʵֵܶ˳ӣȻ֪˭
ߡ°һ˵Ҳ˭ҾҪɱˣҲˡֵܣҵľ綾ֻҲֲ˶þͻᱻɱˡ


154 һж
Ҷ龪ȣҿһۣʼ磬˵綾ġ˵ıɱ˵Щֵô
Ҷһ̯֣ʯ󣬴ߣתӰǡǡֶڣĺ㣬绨Уһ³ֵڰͻ
³ֵСߡ°࿴۱㲻ע⣬Ͼһĸ־Ҳвޡ
ҡ
ôÿ˶һؿԼ˭ϻж֢״
ߡ°ͻȻеֵĽźɻһ˫ϸ߰۾˼£ŭҶʵô£ôнҾ綾ķ
綾ͨĶҩͬǷڣֻմȾжߵľϵͳȻҲӰ壬ҪԽⶾҩûκõģĶҪܹ⡣
ҶǳǳһЦ˵Ǵž綾ˣôѽô
ߡ°˫һǰʿøҶһ仰ȴи𺧡
ľ綾ʵһĺܣҪеĶ̫ڱ棬ֻմȾ壬ȴԸȾ˱ܳԵ˵׳Լپ綾޸ƼΪ̡ޱ׺áڸղţ㲻ǳ⼸ֵܱƶĿյеĻᶯ֣Ҫǹǿһ㣬ò˶þܰľ綾Ƴˡ
Ҷȼ䣬ָˡߡ°ѧ㣬Ҳһֱ߾綾ԭΪѧ̫ԣȻ綾ҲŻٻ˾ãЧԣƻԵ񾭣ԶʱһãԣѪ㣬Ȼ
ߡ°൱굽ʥءĿģǽġʯ׹ݻøֻǡʥءƵأ͡ǡֶ֮ǿʮʮ꣬ͷҲʯڶ㲻̸ݻѧء
ֻЩ⣬°಻׶ԷһСʿ˼Ⱦ綾ĸ֣ôͿܶԼľ綾˽أ
ҶߡԵġ̫Ԫ񹦡ҲһһЩڵľ綾ѾҶʩ֣áԡ⣬áڤ񹦡һɶȫˡ
Ͷ֮䣬߶ͷֵľ綾ͱҶˡ
ˣҲ֣ܻҵľ綾ǷˣҲȺ˵ͷ졣㻹Щµķݶϣʶ㣬ɽ򹫾ѰҵĶҿɽ򹫾ǰԼ䣬㵱£ΪЧ
ҶЦһ˵ʲôͷɽʲôʱ⼸龧ܵأѵ㲻֪ɱɽ򹫾ˣҪɱҷϰݡң㻣Сأ
ߡ°һ㶣ɱɽ򹫾ˣ
ɱɽ򹫾ˣƾǣɱ˭
⵹ǸϢ֮ǰûͷɽֱ£ɱ˲գ۵֣ݶ⣬֪˭ôùɱˡ
ǡֶԱߺǡˡ͡ɳޡ
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ߡ°һݣԶġʯǴⲻܡ
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ͬǰСʿһ֮ɱ˵Ļ书;ÿƶ֣ҲʹȻʵʵʵʵȫѹס˶֡
ܹѹڡʥءжֻ֣¿ĲǸʵҲǸɽ򹫾ǧټҪõĶأ
뵽˴ߡ°̰ٴβʪյͷϴ´Ҷ̽ǸпĻͭ
ҶһԷı飬֪ϷϿˣӸ°Ϊľüո춾ָܹһЩǿԱ
ʱߡ°̰Ŀ⣬Ҷһߣһǲɱǣء
ߡ°һ࣬˵Ǿ仰ͰǸͭһĶңϷ֮˵ߣ
ҶֱӴӺħ£ĴʯƣӲĴʯͬһıͱÿ°۷ֱôıʲôأ
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һ˵꣬ҶСħȻһ˦ƹ˸֮УƥȻҶ˿Уһʱߡ°ԤϣҲڳ˶󲻽⡣
޶֮£ߡ°һӭеĻͭͬʱԶġʯɴȵסǣ
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ԶǰӰͬһ㣬ղǸСʿѳ˶˵ǰ
ΪǣǰʮˣͬʱܵСʿĹ
ֱ췽ҹ̷һ飬ȴʵĳ˵ǰ
˵ṦȻԹ졢ˣСʿµĲƻãȫǳζʵ˺Ȼ
ͻȻǰҶֻʹͬһУֻͬŵĻ˲Ӱǰ̤Ĳǵص˹ʽδзĽַԲʮԶĿռ䷶Χڡ
貨΢ϡɽ÷֡ݰ㣬ȴˮһ㣬չֳѧΪֱ۵
ҲͬʱͬʱС
ʯɵĻȻͬһĤһԷֱӴĻͬ˶һ㣬ŶԷͻƷ˫ȥ
ʯɾˣеһ飬ԭëľ޴Ҳòȵ۵һֱ˵ϡ
ѨȻ⣬ѽ˵˫֮ϣڿս˵ʱڱ˷书һ㡣
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155 
ʯɫǱ˲֣Ȼ֮Ļҹʲôֱ˲ѣһϢ֮䣬˳ȥаԶͣͼͨյѨ
ʱ򣬡ʯɼ͵˳սֻ¡ߡ°һڳڵҶ
Ҷͬʱˣͬеġߡ°ȴǱǿ࣬ҶǵһĹ֮£ߡ°˽ϺôıᣬһСϵذУҫԿ죬䲻ݷصֵסҶȭš
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Ҷ̾һĵ⡰ߡ°಻ѧȻҲǺģĵҲǰһƲ죬㡰ߡ°ֶҲҪǿû뿪
ոҶ˵ֶǷֱԴšʯʩչˡɽ÷ֶ֡Σڡߡ°࣬ȴֻ˼Сơδʩչؾַ˵ˣǹ¿°ڳһ֮ȫӦ
ʯɱҶʽĹַŵú˲ֹһʣ¡ߡ°࣬ҶԭЩº͵ֶΣþ
˿֮䣬Ҷſ°ֵ࣬ʽԽԽ⣬ʱƷʱȷʱָΪʱƻΪ
ָ񹦾ǧֹһ㲻ͣسšߡ°кߡ°ƣӦոӦ˶ֵһѧͻȻһ䣬һµѧչ¶˳ԭĽһ䣬ηı仯㶼áߡ°Ը
лΣԷѾͻԼķȻչͷлȥԼ֮󣬡ߡ°õĻðɣΪʱɵҲ֪ԷԼˡ
ߡ°಻ʾϢ͵һɢ綾ٿȻըѿһīɫͬһɢ˲ס˷Բʮ׵ľ룬ſ°Ĺȴڶʮ׵ķΧڣԽԽŨɫҲԽԽĵɫ𽥱ɫīɫīĺɫ
ԡߡ°༸ͬ޴ڵĶҶ⣬ΧŵͬεĹʣЩľݻƵĶȫ⣬λ֮׵֣ĥԼӲĸ似
ߡ°ñףȻһʩչײʾ˵о
ߡ°౻Ҷûа취֪ԼҪǲУľ۱е
ֻּذ͵ɭһӶ֯ǧټ˿ཻһž綾һҶ˹ȥ
īɫƳɵľ綾֮ɵֵȭƾշģʱı״Ҫǣ綾֮һס֣ľ綾ῪʼʴԷ;ԽԽ˺ҲԽ
ҶһγɵĴͷɵЦһ˵٣СӵĹе˼
ڶԷκ˵ȫ£ҶȻȻ٩Էʵһֱ鶯ֹˮ˿Ϊ
ھ綾֮Ϯǰһ̣ѸһӣŤ˫Ƴƣ˫ͬһС
ۡߡ°ηḻҲδҶַӦġ
ĵط˾綾ԺͲ֮⣬žԸ˵Ŀƣһ壬ٿȻɢ˿һԴκνǶϮˣõ˷ʤ֮Щ˿һܹ֯һĴʵмżõĺ˿Ĵ
Ҷƿȫ޹ϵմʵȴĹɺ˿жϣΪؽһĴɢߣһ˫Ƴγһ˫֣𣬽ľ綾֮ĺĴҲƵǿȫ˳ȥк
һԳеҶȴڰ룬үСơһС֡˵Ƶ书Ǵ㣬Ҳӵˡ
ҶַƵˡߡ°һоΧֵȺһȲ֮ǸҶôԸڣ֮ͬ£ҲҶ͵ص˵ͷ
ߡ°г޹һȴҲʱҶٹæ˺ʮ׷ͣ£˫Ŀ׹ȻƷҵġ㹻һˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦȻ˵ߣǡ⼸еҲҲ޷Ҷһ֣һͬӰɳԶϵһ˸ʯĳ˷ĩǡơһǰƣһ˰СӰǰҶȻǡ֡
Ҷġ֡Ȼǵԡʮ֮һѦ֮ĹϵΪ֪ʱ¶Źĺͬʱһ
ĺ㷴Ӧãȴüͷ壬֪Ѧڳ͢еĵλ֮ߣǻʵ϶мӣҶϵǳζҶ볯֮͢ĹϵԽܵһ̶ȡ
ߡ°వһĭͬʱȵãһġơ֡͡
֣
ҶһЦǰƵġ֡Ҳɾֱǰ򡰶ߡ°˹ȥ
ߡ°಻ҵӭͷ˹ȥʮ׵ľգ۱㵽˸ǰ
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Ҷյġ֡ɲǷһƱģŹԿһΧڵͬԼƵһ㣬ߡ°һʱ죬ֱӱҶһƺɡ
Ҵ磡
Զġʯڰˡɽ÷֡Ӱ죬ٴγ˹
Ϊʧ𣬡ʯʹԼȭСʯȭȭͷϵۣͬһʯһ㣬Ҷһȭ
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ǡ
ѵ𣬡ʯͬײһ㣬׷ɳȥʮסҶıһȭ̼ӡʯˡʯΪ̫ǿһ֮£ɵұ۹ȫѣϴǼڵ飬㲻ҲǸзϣ
ܸ޲ƵĿɿڴ˭²Ҷ˾˾Ͷʯγɵʯȥ


156 Ѫط
Ҷһȭֹ֮ʮ
ھءĺȻҶͶ֮䶼ǧԶʵĻ񹦡ղ塿ֽҶĹĤļͳ̶ȫһµĸ߶ȣָҶľ
ټϲ죬ӳɣҶһһȭ֮ͻʮĴأ׾١
⣬ʵҶδϤ쾳£ǵȶ˾磬˵һȭֻ½һȭȭ磬ܹһͨ߸÷ˡ
Ҷһȭˡʯɣֻʣһߡ°ˡ
ߡ°ھѧ֣Ҷһ֮ת۵Щִ٣Ȼ˿°࣬ȴûȫϣǱߡ°Ļ˲١
ߡ°ȫɵ˳ʮԶ󣬳Ҷ֮ʣٿȻ˹һ˫ذײҶҶת˫ԾַӲƴһС
֮ʣٿطֿٳɶ֮֡
ݡ
Ҷеġħʱһ죬ûɳʯ֮Уֻ°һ¶档
Ҷ˹ȥýһ࣬һħȥ׼ȷر绨С
һߣҶ˵Ը㣬ò
ߡ°ǿסеһѪĿݵضҶһθеԼտҪ
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ʱΧ绨еˣһֺѵĸоΪнսˣʱǷ뷢ţƴȫݷ׼һʯ쾪Ĺơ
Ҷ̬ɣһԶϵġʯɣЩͷʹ˵Բ𣬸ոճûסֵˡ
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ʱԶڵϵġʯͻȻ˵󡭡硭ȣң
ɼˣ嶼޷ֻһֻֻܹƴغԼΨһܹ
ߡ°ͻȻ˸ۣҪܾͻȻһתžһתֵܣסˡ
һߡ°ѾˡʯɵߣԼ£һԡ
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ߡ°ෳĵ̾һüë˵˵ԴǲǶǴడԺôҵȺˣҵ˰æõĺôô֣ûˮȣ㲻
ʯһԥһ£˵磬ǸϽߡֻ·һ
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ʯһϲֵʵõģ磬ֻҪܴǣҸʲôС
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һ㶣ŵı飬͵һѪʺ˳˿°һͷһ
龰òԶҶ˴ʧɫ벻ߡ°ྐྵȻĺ£ȻֽԼֵɱ
ߡ°һˣīɫľ綾ʼ̳һЮסˡʯӿѪ
Ѫ綾һʺѪҺī̵Ķϳһɫɫʣɭֲ
ߡ°ͷЦлֵܣҪ㣬ôסѪطأϧҪʻѪҺ֪лɱ֣ȫ˴硭һɱСӣ
͵һȣīɫľ綾һ֣صһʯɴڣëϸһѪīɫľ綾һգȫ͸ˡߡ°Ļ֮ڡ
Ѫ֮ʱֲС
ߡ°̬綾ЮѪ֮Ʈǰμ죬šʯɵľѪ°ľ綾һ𣬿°ϢҲԽԽǿ󣬷·һֵһ㣬ʵۿɼٶȼ
ڵ˴һãҶҲɵðԼһʵ̫⣬ȻΪһʱ̣Ȼʩչаȡһֵڡߡ°ʵǣȻһ˲ڵĵزڡ
쵰
ҶһŭٿȻ
ߡ°תһȭҶϮһָ
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Ҷ·磬ߡ°һȭ߲Զߡ°ҲȻĲҶԸ⣬Ҷ̫ˣͨһнӴпܷǣߡ°ֻĲ˵Ĳ͡
벻ֻһ˲䣬ֵʵֱøԼҶԼ޴ͬʱĵµѪ¿ʼ÷
һֱսǿʵһͣҶͱĪи
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°࣬ΪԼ㾹ȻɱԼֵܣTMDĸǡֶһΪ˸ֵֶܱȻǰֵǵüҪߡ°Ϊȫĵߡ
ߡ°ȵޣ˵ͦšһ°ˣǺθɣҪ֪ˣҲҪɱģǻЩôȰ㻹ʡʡģҪҶҪΪЩܷɢҵעɾǴشˡ
ͬʱҳߡ°Ȼһߣ壬ݾףԼĹ£˲мһˣѵöԷոջΪ˾ܵˡ
Ҷһ䣬ʵֵͬܣôֵǮ


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ߡ°ͷЦǿѪЦͣĵ֮ǿѼЦ󣬿°ʰٶŵѵ׳գ׳գһȺ׳գһȺδëͷСӣΪʲôطʥأÿһߵĿʲôȻǽԼѧߵ޵еĽ׶ΣΨһֶξǡʯϧɮ٣ҪõǧѷĻᣬȻ˶ŬǿԼʵ򵥵ķ˽ˡɵϣǱҴɾһظңҴûбƹһжԸģΪҶкηҾȵģӦΪҶ
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绨к֮󣬱һִȣһ֡ħžҪȥȴԱߵĺֶƴס˵Ǳ绨Ӳǰȥ߰Զ
ߡ°࿴ҳһŵҶˣٴſشЦţҪףĻϣȻѣ壬飿޴޴ǰɣһжǼٵģֻģֻԼǿ󣬲ǿõģǿѵġΪŽһ𣬿ܴû㹻ջֻҪջ㹻׽ѡˡˣᱳ㣡ύԽ࣬ϵԽܣ㱻ѵĿԾԽܵ˺Խʹ࡭ǲţĲ˵ʯʱ򣬾ǹϵѵʱˡ
һ
ĺеЩ̫Ͼ˶ʱƴճĶ飬ԭ֮ĹϵΪͬʹԵʮֽܣʵ˲ô˷ġߡ°˵ȥֻ¾ԼʱŶҲΪ¼ɶֱ
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ҶҲˣôῴߡ°ıֶΣֻԷʵ㼶ԭԼѹԷʵѷһԼδȣʵں¶֮ʱνӲϵΣաһֱݻ̸Լӵѧ˼ߣиոյõ桾ڤ񹦡µõʮͼÿͼϼѧԲӦͬ𹦷
ʱĺһߴ٣Ҷɫһĺ˼˿Ѿ˲ȥĵزˣϸһ֮Ҷ㱻һͼеֱüܵѧ
ҶԺʶһһž޴ͼظԺ֮УСڤ񹦡ĸɼĸ֮£ȴ֣ͼϹ֡ڤﺣ
ǣһֲ֪ɺδͼʹĵȸԾ裬ϢȻȻ֮ת
ׯӡңдڤ㣬Ի֮󣬲֪伸ǧҲ
ڤ񹦡ȡ˵ԹãѸĽݾȺ书޲Ϊã籱ڤС޲أС޲ݡ
߾磬ڤ֮ڳ˾֮䣬Ϊá
ڤ񹦡ǰʮͼǽþķôͼǰӴʮ澭ѨȽ壬ͬʱǿ˼ⷢΣҲԽܻγ֮档
ʱĶ棬°Цᶼ˳ְָҶˣЦ˵ΪǻߺŽôʲôãյ壬˵ˣ˵Ǹɫ񡯣겻ͬ۲ŵõתʯĻôѵû˵˵ôߵû뵽ͱԼһģǶеԼˣ
ƥ
Ҷڽ±ӰһٿȻ֣򡰶ߡ°ࡣ
ֻҶոճ۽һǿͬʱϴĴ
轣ߣ
ɫ񡱾ĽڵĲҲʦͬʱΪżԵ˶Լż˵裬ôܵȥ
һȣ㽣һּ䣬һϼֵĳ׸ֱ塰ߡ°ǰ
͵Ĺٶȼʵ㼶ġߡ°ҲǶҲòٶ֮ǰԼĻֵܵסڵĹʵʲôµģ
ڿ°ĿЦУڵĳ׽ˡߡ°Ļϣ׵ĽѪײ÷飬մȾ˻ị̄ɺɫĴɽڵϴָͷСĿӶžžŽһ㡣
°ЦźԭɫĲ̫ˣץ㣬롮ɫгļȤģֵǮġ
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һߣŭ׳ճ嶯ëүòƭϵһļһţƫƫļһˣװ˷ҵġ
ٿȻһűŭ𣬺һΪλү߳ŭҪԼÿû뵽λžһԼһͣãTMDãˣвTMDвţʱTMDôգ
գգ۾ûһʲôɻʵӣ㱻ɵˣԼԼʲô·
û·Űвûк˵
ģһˣæٺһ֣ƤЦ˵Ҵˣʦ֣ˣ벻УֵǸжԲҲŪĸ飡

顪
±ŭǳһŽߵ÷˳ȥýΧɱ̹徫ײ˹غ«
Ӳ˵˻TMD˶ģ
ϥأȻΧΣյĻͬֱ˹ȶڵƣȻ˲أҲ󲻵ãӰɱ
ΪȻﳶӣ˵ʵ˰ƽǸɫ̹徫վóղŵӲӲҲ˲ᣬʱ޷֣ʣµϺзԿƵס
˹ȴ˶ֱվոյһײֱӽġȫһײ֮£̹徫ȫһѱ硣
һЦһ壬ԭƤ˵ѪֱӶΪۣڵأ˿ֱӱ㱻ϡ
ۼ̹ٴγɱʩչ󹦡ץסһ˱̹徫ٿȻȺ˹ȥ
ԣĲΪ̫ʱһճǣ·̫㣬߿գպ󻹶أײض󹵡Ԣԣݷ𷨲˼顣ѧ֮ʿһ⹦ԾԴʱʩչ似ǡ¡øĦǵ칦˹ԾﾭһδμȥңĦǿǽַҵûͷ
ʱһʹԱɱ̹ʿΪʯαڿмתЮһҷ磬Ⱥײȥ
һ죬ͬںһ㣬㱻һƬ̹徫α飬Աѵ𵹣ŷı飬Զǻڵء
һιոĻŵڶѾ˹һһӵȺֱըһƬǵĸ
ոȺһһαɢըڵأ֮ǰѹƹĸڻָŭʱ򣬶ӭѾǺһܹƲľˡ
¶һԵǸͭ¯
ٿȻɵǰ¯̹Щɵۣ˫նͭˣҪ¯ƫʱ¯ЯƻѾﵽһٽ㣬̹ߵĶͭ˸ո¯
ཻĵطһ¯ͭˡ̹֣һ˲価ڱƵ֮±ݣ¯бը̹ڵʮ̹ߣȫ˺÷顣
ͭƬѪ⡭ȵһлӲĶڱըγƬԲʮֱ̹ȫɱ
͵һȭͷߣ˷ܾͱˡ
Сʦ崫ڵѧĺܴ
䡪
ͻһԺǽͻȻ˰ߣĵӰг˳һƺˣһƴܡ
۾⣬һ۾Ϳ˭æƴϣľͷ


163 ˱
һȱϣԵٿȻ˫ۣŶӰ˹ȥֻһİСӰƴϣš˲ƵȻʹԴƺ˹ȥǸ֮Ȼ߬ųĵУһ۾ܿФƷ塣
СӾȻˣ
һФƷǸľͷڹпƵһԼһĹ򶼲ʤʲôأ
һԴɣһ߿ӭȥͬʱľͷô£
ƴϿٱţӿܣ
һ㶻δ𻰣Ժǽ⣬һߣߺߣô£ȻҪµˡ

һƷХų˽ֱеĶˡ
䣡
һ
ƴĿɿڴĿǰ
¸ߴ˵һţ˫۵ǰϮƷӲص屻ǿ˳׾룬֧Žʯһĺۼ
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¸ոתƣһشſڱһѪϥڵأŭŵǽ⡣
ӣ
ƴϼ˹ȴһʱŵФƷתӵФƷ壬ű˿ǰɼǵ˿ڣƴôһ˿ѣѪӿ˳һʹߣФƷת
ţ治רҵ
ľͷФƷ˵һ䡣
ԣԡԲ𣡡
ƴٿȻһǵͨ죬£ФƷ壬һʱ֪ôźá
˾µߣſϣʲôʸͷ
ĨǵѪգѵվضŵǽڴȴ֡
ФƷһֱƴϻæǰ˵𶯣𶯣˿ڸҩٶ˿ڱѻ鷳ġ
ФƷγһ˵ղѾ˺ˡ
ѽԣԲ𣡡ƴһ
һƵ˹ͬŵԺǽﻹЩ̳ΣֻһЦ˵ǱδĴ󽣿ͣʲôĶ־ȻôǱ
ФƷؿڣվ˵èѣɱĸа˸
ЦһʮܹФƷˣǶ־;Բ̹ͨǿô򵥡
ȻƴϽӻ˵ʮ۷ĸ֣ƷʦֵܵţͻȻԷ͵ϮȻƷʦܸɵĸҪȥɽǣϵʱƷʦѾˡ
ФƷһƴϸԼñ޸м֮顣
ʦֵأ
ƴȻͷ
ФƷĿһԺǽ̳࣬˵ֻһš
һⳡսĲ̡
ͬţÿնĸʦֵ֪Ե˵ǿͻϮ˶ǲⶾֵĽˡ
ڴƹ۱㿪ʼһ˵໥֮ĸʵǱֵ֮仹Ҫĸ飬֮ͬ໥֣ɵĴͳƹ۴ɽȻͽİңһͻƵ˽ǧˣʦ֮İףʦֵ֮ĸ飬ʱܹ˵ǳġ
ͬ飡
ͬŵͬĳԹڵ˵ĳԹ㶪ͬʦܣûﵽϤĵزҲһˡ
ʱƿڶ棬һЦ˹һȺûҰʿȻɱô̹ʿޣǵĴ󽫾ɫţǵ֣λҪǵƨɣ
һϸɤ˵ߺߣСʿɱǶףȥЦ
һ쾹Ȼֱ̹Ĵ󽫾µ˶һͿô˲̹ô
ĿⶼФƷϵʱľګص˵ɱ̹ˣ͵Ϯҵǻߣ
㲻˵
ľͷ㲻Ͳ֪˵
ɽСϿ
һƿ
˵Ӱ͵ش˹׷ɢΧγһԲǰΧġ

һǱԺƽʱµӵǰĹ㳡ϣսʱȻҪ۷ɢʵȡ֯ڶߡ
𣬴ʱܺɱʼԺĴΧ˹ȥȻɵµӿʼȴʱФƷˣΧΧˡ
ʼգʦھȻһʦ岮ûмЩΪҲûмһЩ죬Ҳ˾Щѹ֡
¡ƴϺФƷ壬ĸһ۵һ𣬾ֻĸˣҲʶذڿơ
߽󡿣˵߸ˣԼǿʵʵӣ÷ʵ֮µĵӣÿ˶Լһ书о΢֮˺ױ󰵡ͬʹȶͬʹǿһ൱ڰλ֣൱ʮλ൱ʮλ൱ʮλһͬʱ֡
ʱĸվһʵһʵһӱ˰˸Է֮Ĳ࣬ȫĨƽ
˸۷ĸһ֣Լػûߵ̹徫·ҵĹһѸΧڸΧȫΧһȦФƷΧ˵СΪ춯̫Ҳһ̹徫Χ˲䳬ˣӣ֮ǰŰٱ
ֳѪȳ̶ȣҲЩûºͺ˳ֵ̹߼쳣һ׶غţƺΪܰѼһ㡣
ǰǣһ壬˷ӣЦֱ̹Ӣǵ
̹徫УȻҲеλֲĸֻǽ٣˫֣ƴشߴٵǰİĻߣǸϿ춯֡
ߣҲǱ̹ĺڵ޵ݲ׵ɽʧ˿Ƭ޷»뷨ƣҲǼԹᣬ̹߽ȻֵøˡǶͽҽᣬ书ǿҸĺΪ˽ƻͬʱǺĹأʱǮƣȻӦˡ
һͺ۵ĴԽڶȺȵɵСӣǡɽ˻ǵù˭ǵͷôֵǮһԴǧһͷʮôõ飬ԵһʶĹԹ쳤˲ӣֵ䣬֤Ǹɾ䣬ûпͷ
ɽ˻ͷһФƷ˶㿴ңҿ㣬ԷԺ˴δ뽭֪⡰ɽ˻·ëء
֪ɽ˻Ǳصһɾ޷ˣĺȺĲ룬һһһһѲֻǮˣƽǲʵġ
ʵιǸͺӣǡɽ˻ڽǱʲô֮ͽɱǷǵСүһɧ


164 
һ䣬ֳһƬžƬ̣ȫȻЦֹµȼɵĵӣΧΧ̹徫ҲǲҪЦš
ɽ˻ܹ裬ǼݵͷҲǶһţضĺݽɫȻһʱѣֵܼ˴౱һ·ܵϲӵˣûƢû
ŭͬʱ
ƿӰһͬµɱ
Ӧս
ĸ˻ǿ֣űʵֻФƷһԽˣϲȭͷӽ̫ᣬƴǴʦѧĸƷһסơѾй
ɽ˻ٿȻ׵ıǴ£һӦս֮²˷ܣǣһȫǰһ壬ʣҲųǰ˹ȥ
ԭҪ˰Χġɽ˻Χ֮ѾչǰҰΪµٿȻǰ壬ȴʹԷӴϣϮΧȴ˰벽
˲䣬µ˱ȡ˾ֲơ
ǰ˸һ棬ȻȻسԼǰ˹һһͬһϮߣмһڹⱬȴһѡǹǹ⴩͸һ̶ĺХֱʺ
°벽ˣ˫ַУżʺһǹȴǲŲʡ
ˡ
ֺŸ߲һһͬʱʺǰһǹҲٿȻǰۼѪͻȻâһһѳ˼س֣ǹ⣬䲻ݷؽǹƺһǹɡ
ФƷµͷϷ˹ŲµļϣнǰݣһӺب⻪֯ݺᣬҷȥһʱȫ뽣ƵУ
ͬһʱ̣ƴϺͺ߳˳ȥཫм伷ѹФƷƥһС𽣡ɱ
ֻǵһغϣһӴγһǿıɱ֣ФƷС𽣡ֻһУɢΣֻФƺлһֱһҵĲɫΣͬʺ磬·Ƕüɽķ⣬һĽâͬԷΪĽһƬҶӵϾһεķΧ֮ڣٿȻֱӻΪһĨ΢漴ɢӰ١
ⲻǽ⣬ǻ֮⡣
üɵ𽣺;ۺһΧڼԭ״Ľɢ֮ɼĽֽ΢СĿ׺ݰԵ㡣
ФƷ棬֮ǰ˵Ǹͺ󺺣Ҳǡɽ˻е󻢣ð⺷еĹȴԹƵġǹˡǹ߳ߣ߽ǹһġǹݣȴвͬǹسһҪһԼһ磬ǹⲻΣеǹ⡣
Ƶǹ⣬͸ǿɱ󣬴⣬ǹİҲе㲻һͨǹİֵײƽǶһԲ͹󻢵ǹֵײȴγһ׶ȻеļһϮԶڱҪ֮ʱҲǽƵе
ڴ˴ν֮ǰ󻢱ФƷֽ̹֮ʣ롰ɽ˻еɽȻһ͵ϮФƷ⧲֮£ǰ˺ۣнǹһ˶һǹݣͻȻԶڽʱǹһ˵ļ׶µơ
֮ǰѾڶֵʱСʿһγ֣ȻҲѶԷɱУԲʺΣΪԷʽκÿ˿δ뵽ǰʮҵСʿܹǿĽơ
һФƷȶ֣һһǹձԷһķɣֱһ֣ˢıֱФƷʺڶԷһĲʺκϾԼ߳ǹҪȶԷֱĳߵĲʺҪ࣡
Գƶ̣þ֮ơ
ФƷµһƺߣżǰһФƷ˲һ壬תФƷڣǡ߽ʤǿ֮䲻⣬Ӳɵ֪ϸĵˡ
ʱФƷǰֵܣҲ󷨵Խʯ
һʢФƷжʱâһĳ߲ʺ͵һըɢ߾룬ȻɢĲǲʺȴ˲һ࣬ʵһ㣬ӭ˶Է̺һǹһӴƴĹα󻢳һƹâ֮һ׵磬ҵǹ⴫ݻ󣬼֮䣬ֱ۶һ飬ӱеȫɢǸǹҲڲʺηΧڱŤΣšǺһǹ˿ʺٿȻ
ʺεͻȻ仯ֱȸеȲһʧ֮˲ֵܣȻˣһһֵܣΪܵƴ˵Ĺɢעһķȫ󻢡
ʱͻȻͻ˳ФƷͻȻǵĲʺΣ˾Īвһʱ˲ͬӦ
ʹɽӲҧӽֵͬʱҲʼȴʹƴһ㣬ͬʱ񹥣赲һƴܹԼĵ¶ڲʺϮ֮ǰܹӳΧ
ƼͬʱӴһʹһ𣬸ϴһֱԣɢһȫֵסȻٺˣٶȱϾһ˹мһУǱʺϮ壬һӴϰʧһ룬Ѫȵرһ룬Ӻ濴ȥ˻ģ׻ֻʣ±һݣͬұۣȫʧ
һʹ뻢ͷһбƥһ࿳ƴϾΪȫ֣ƵҲһǰ
ƴȻ壬ƽ죬âҫϼ񹦡˾ģ¶һУȻ׼ȷޱȵؽĳп
뻢ͷеʱ󺮣Ϊʧ˿һĴ£Ȼһɻ˴£ԭԷֵһӶ˵ԼǲǴȫɻԸ
ʱФƷʺϮԼδӳΧ뻢ͷһգԥȫһƻͼ˶Сʿ
ƴпԷһֺͣŶԷȫһƣüɡơ뻢ͷһƺ޻εӲƴһǣУ뻢ͷֻСʿңȫתӲʱͻȻһ𣬴ӶԷĳȻһ䲻зը
һƵȻԲУͬʱʹ˷ʤ뻢ͷһв࣬ٿȻһ֮䣬ԲФƷĲʺѾϮ壬ʧܵɽһͬܵԴڲʺε£ٿȻʧ


165 ɱΧ
ɽû˰ӣ뻢ͷû˰Դ
˺ϻֻ֮һʱ岽֮Զƻδͣ£٣Ϻֱð˫о֮ɫˣФƷˣ˫ָաǹͷβǼ벻Ϊʲô֮ǰԼֵشСʿˣʵȻɱߡ
ʱµһ֮䣬һܣ˱ФƷ廹δս֮ʱԱʣµ廢Ѿ
ŭһȣŲһ٣һִǹһǹ⣬ֵͬܣٴηһˣһ֮䣬ٶ˰ģֵֻ֮ܽ󹥻Է
ФƷڵһδ֮ʣٿңĽӰ䣬ٵԾн㣬ĽâɣһƬ꣡
廢ոռֵܲٶһֹʱȣ׷ʹԵľо
ФƷˣȴǺһ࣬һӽסֵĹƴϵһ࣬ˡ
Ͻ׷ףոʩչˡ𽣡ФƷЩ٣޷ʩչƵĽУֻñʽʱʱʹġ˽еġˮˮ꣬žĳ˸˹ȥ
ͬһĺȴһץסոձɽӣȻ˹ȥ󹦡ת֮£زʬ繥ǴһХ͵˼㣬سФƷһȹλ
δԷȻʹ˱ɵַȻ˵ʬ嵱ͨˣһԼֵܵ弫ΪأԷһ£ΣҲƻֵܵ塣
ƫƫ⼸񻢶׼֮ͽ˻ſܽЩ壬ʱѾˣȻΪԷ𣬵ʬȴʵأСʿ޳ܵһУͬʱȳͬʱ֣ʬ島飬ͣعӦԵģФƷһɽꡭ
û򵽵ǣǸݺһСʿĲֹһǰ㣬ǾֳֵʱһɵɫĺʬȻɢѪʬ飬ȻɢܣԲ֮ڣٿȻ⣬һͬУȻ轵¶Ȳȫˣ廹ܱԭĶٶһ˲˲ֹ
˲ת֮£ܹͷϿµĽء
žžڶ˲䱻괩嶼ǲȻһ쭷ɶѪڸոһ̣㱻֮ϡ
˼һ˲ͬʱɥ
һߣƴ˫ֺϻͽס˵ıУһʣҸѴƴϴ¿´ܳ˫ͬʱӡ˶ԷĵﴦȻһ죬Ѫʬ׷ɳȥԶ
ͬʱ廢żͣ˺Ȼ֮ʣȴûע⵽˽µÿһʱ򣬰ﶼǼ֮ÿ˵ĳֶź۷ǿߵʵһ˲ѹס˵˵Ĺ
󻢲ҺһոձĽŲδ̣㾪쳣ˣʱҲһͷû˵ء
죬̫죡
ѵ岻ɣʵԪڵļСʿôת۱˵Ԫ۷ʵ
ǳı޴ı
ûӴܳԺ䣬ʱ̹ľǷѣͷĽһŭڻһĻ߹ȻɿȻûȻʣЩ͵Ϯĳˡ
ȻĸСʿȻԼٶྫôܻ¼ëͷСӡ
һ£̹徫Ĳλõµѹȥ
ŭһ̬͵س˳ȥƴ󣬺ңФƷĸųƣŶԷľͳ췽˹ȥ
һȻ̹彫ϣΪɵȫָܵȫǰĹ㳡ȴϣôܻᳯķأ
ΪжϣԲ̹彫ѽҪıԱµ˵ı󣬶Լߣ˰˶֮⣬ֻʮԪҲʵۺֻû뵽ԷȻع鱾֮УԼһ˹ʣµİٶˣֻ׷ƨɺ棬ֱ׷
ʱĸˣȴǴ֡
֮ӵκģʵ˵һ⣬һԲǱô򵥣òӣȴʮļթ˵ˣһթ
һµΣ̹Ĵ󲿶Ѿɱ뱾ԺǼѾΧ֮Уھɱǳŵǰ㳡ɱȥɵǸ̹βͺ棬ǰĶڵǣе׷ǰл֮£漸ʼͣ練ɱȥ˹֣ϣͬʱҲں׷ᣬֻҪԼĻᣬɽдѧԱԺΧִ̹
ֻһת´ϵĽթӱ黫ͬʱֺ쳣ĳŶԷߵλɱ
ʵǰ̹˵Ʋǿʵֶ֪ڸֺϧ书ܸߣҲײ϶ֻ֣ɱƣȫöԷԸ
ֻҪԼһڳһ󣬶Էͻ˱ᣬǰԼһǽӲƴΪǱâֻҪ˧һôܵƾͻὫ¶ɣȥʤʴ
µ˵ͻȻԲĸֻüͷһ壬Ҳ¸ղФƷصһõʱԼ֣ҲӲ棬ʱԷʮֳָ̹ȥԼǰ˶ں
ʮ׵ľ룬˫ٽӽЩֲָ̹ͬھӵľ似ߣԼ
ĸСʿȺȻűʤİգ֮£ÿ˶ȫ߶Ṧǰӭ֮䣬бֳһأӭ˵ơ
ǰ̹󺺷転ǰߵ£ܲ˵ضͷһ
ʴͷ»ۣӯǰ˫ȭ̺ȵľХƿŶԷֱӺ˹ȥ
̹߿ɭһЦͬʱöĴʧķ跢Ȼֿ֮棬δ̫
ʽ䣬˵ֱµˣ۵СԲܺǰ䵶ɵؼµҾࣻߣӵնĺƴϣ赲˳־ԮҪɥ¡
ĸ̹Ҳ֣˶ˣ̼佻һ
һ
Ӳµ̹ߣе䵶ûüµĲӣСϵĻܱ㴫һȻ֮£ǴֵСȥС۴Ĺ֮δüҽУµȭ㴩͸ܣСۣݺݺ˵ǰ


166 
Ȼһ졭
ͬײһ㣬̹ǻݣӿѪһͬգѾ̱ʬɳԶ̹ߣһ̹ܲߣϵ˵һͬмǵĸһ㣬ըëʧط˰ա
˻ϵķ֮Ū飬Фƺ˫һֺ󱳣һһʹ
ʱҲƴϽ֡
ȥͷĵ˺λһյǴһ´һ๥ԼǽиŹͷʱһ٣һͣ¶һɹϮĿ϶
ͬһʱ䣬ƴϺͺȭӡ˵ı֮ϣƴϹֻ̹ÿ񾢵ڣ۵³һѪһģ¸һС׵ȥʱһȴס˺ȭţҪ󳷣ȴԷȭ̺ĺ뾭һʱѳһϺĹŶԷһȭѣƺȱ⣬ֱһȭ飬һ˪վڵزȴ
˿໥ĶϣһֱֵФƷ壬ٵسŶԷ˹ȥ
ФƷ壬۶ǰȫгۣźһȫ߶ɱһ
ʱĸˣͨΪʵ˵ۡǵȸй٣ͨޱȣƤеж仯ʱȻǳ硰Ŀáһ㣬һﵽ˵Ⱦ磬ʱ㱻˫ۣҲ֪ԷĽʽʶϱıȻ
˼дФƷ壬һ·նͣǱһɱ̹֣࣬似ǿڲŽᣬ֮ǰγΧɱ֮ƣÿ˶ǸΪսɵһȥһʹ㿴ƣÿγ֣˶۸٣ʮ̹֣۵ǰᱻֻУ˵ﶼ֡
ɱϵĹɱ˲գ۵ĺݽɫʱҲľȥҲǱ֣֮ʶʿɢԸ¶ɣǺΧˣʵװǻ֮˺ܶ࣬ǰƴȴ١
ֱµɱǽǰһߣǸİ˶ӸǰߣͺٴΧµˡ

һߵ̹彫쿴ԷƲɵǱøӽԷһǰ׾ʱ򣬻ȶԷָʿȥԼƶܿµ˵Ĺ·
˫ȭնǰ̹֮˳˶ԷСֶԵķҲ룬һָһ˦ֶͬһ˳ȥ
¡ڰľӳֶ֣ǾͲǸֶˣֱ֣Ⱥ֮
ʮ˵뷽ǰţڸֶܹ·ϣֱȱڣֶܹľȫֻʣ˰أ౻߹εľõĶ첲õֱӱײعǣѪĭӣе
ֶ֧мüһҵľ룬ֶܷɹһ˵Ķҿյ赲µǰ
ֶȥƲȺֱ̹֮彫졣
Ǹ̹彫Ŀһиֵʣ£Ѿεĸֶܿķɣ²ɵյʵʱ򣬲òȣұԷǳµʵڴˡ
ŷȱڣ͵ؼٳȥǶ˷֮еĶĶпλ˫ȭһ˲ɨ˵ı
͵Ϯɽ̹徫̹ΪһǴԪ˧ķµľѡָ֮ǿͣһ١ǰ˶ӱ֧еһԱָӹٲָ֣Ŷ֮ʦƫ书߾ĶԷϸǸ²ɵĸˣ֮ոձµˣȱбеˣƺУӲõɻȥÿһ·
ȥѳвɱ𣬱һ沽ǰƼӾ٣ȫ澫Ļ֮ϡ
˻ӽֻԷɽ²ȣҽһ̱ڵϣȫѣе
¹Ц緢֮ʱƴӹЯֽ߹̹徫ѹȥٴмѸٳ˹ȥǰһе̹徫ɱ˹ȥ
˷ºµɱŵõսľٿȻԼ̼ͬ㶪ǰͬŸǱһǰٿȻһգǸӵ׺ѾЦɱԼǰȻһž𵴵ÿռ죬Ҫٵ⵲֮ʱؿ类׻жɵ
ȻһŽ·ľ߱еˣ˹غ«нǰһˣпһ죬ѪҲײ˶
ǰһʮ˵ĶѾɱ͸˷󡣶ԭӦΪһĵԪԲ̹彫죬˵һߣÿԼһĵ·
»Хһ˳ȥǺƴ϶ͻȻмһסФƷ壬ٿȻһ࣬ڵؼ٣Ҳ˷ǰԺǽ˹ȥ
ʱ̹Ľ⼸ӡսǼ٣ȥĿ棬߳ŭ֮£ָ¿׷ȥͬʱԼҲһߣҲתӱ׷ȥ
ʱӦƴӵͻȻһ٣ĸ˼ͬʱվһת֮׷̹徫ѾȽԶľ룬Ǹ׷̹彫죬Ѿ˼˵ĸǰ
ԭһֱФƷǰһˣҵĺƴɫͻذФƷļͷԭͷ£Ҳ˫ƽʵذФƷı˹˲伯еФƷڣƿۣΪ˵ФƷ˫ĿзȻĹâ
̹彫ͷ͵һһãԭƴ׷ϵľͷͻһգҪȴʱҲѾһ
ѾФƷĳٿȻνʣͬʱ˳Űνķ򣬽âǰٿȻһʺ磬ǵʺα֮ǰһȡ¡ɽ˻һҪӴƥ
һľ⻷̹彫캧Ȼˣʮף֮ʱѾܼȺ֮У뵽ôԶľ룬Ӧòǵ⻷ĹΧ˰ɡ
֮ǰʽֻҪӴǵʺ⻷ӦþûκεΣա
ֻһλ̹彫ȴˡ
Ϊһ֮ǰ¶ġ𽣡һдɱ


167 Ʒ
飬
̹彫˵˲䣬ФƷѾսʣǰǵʺ⻷ٿȻ֮ɢ˿ȥɢķΧ֮㣬ľ֮š
Ǹù̹彫һأǵʺαѾɢ˴˴ΪȺУǰ˵ס֮䣬;øһ··紵˶Ƥһ㣬һڣͬʱΧĲʺâӳе̹徫ġŲʺâˮ֮Уֻеһ⡣
龰̹ľãȻĿƺ˺߲ʹΣǾ桢ǿ־ؾȴһ˶ûжһǲ붯ǵ֫Ѿʧȥ˿
ˣ
̹彫ʶ㣬һƬŶ澲վӣɤӺýߣͨ
߼ֶؿһС
ͻŶԷ캰Ϊƺ֪ԼˣФƷһ˵֡ģ
λ̹彫֣ǰ֣ôաޡأ
˵仰ФƷ弸˷ԾԺǽ֮⣬Ժǽ߲ʹâһȻǹĻһ𣬷·װϴѣĶ˲һء
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ûһҽз
ѪԺֱӴ˳ȳ֮ζ̱ǡ
ô죿
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ФƷתɽ·ȥµһ£æʵţȥģ
ФƷָָϾۼԪ˵ɽ
˵꣬еıֱ߲࣬ɽȥ
ҿʲôԴԡ
ٺЦӣ˵ǹɵģʦɽͻôʱϮͽܵôܲȥء
˵֮󣬺Ҳ첽ϣ׷ФƷɽȥ
ƴɻ
Цʲô̹徫ǧֱϵӱѾǧˣ¸ûЩֶûôµսģֻսطءһת´ӣ̾Ϣֻ벻ľͷǸһһģȻʱǶʦ˲ò࣡
ƴ߲ǰͬʱʵأ
һӣ˵Ȼͬ岻ݴǣүǵ峡ϵĺͣҪľһТ֣
ŶƴϿ˼ͬʱ˵ǿ߰ɡ
ףΪʲô
ΪĳФӺˣԼʦҲɽͻƾأ

Ȼһţҿ˵ЩôôͣأһΪʦķ֣ڿҵŰء
ûڵҡҡͷ̧ʱФƷѾڰ׿ˡ
ȵң
ŭһ¿׷ȥ
TMD̹Сҳʦչأǰ͵Ϯǿ벻̣ʦ£ͽˣ
죡ȵ

ӣǷӣ
⣬ɵ׼⣡
ɽ˻ϴ󻢣һ֮ɫˣҪɱҪ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ͨӵǿƣλ߳ڵʮĴ˵Լְˣ͵ϮУҲǺ쵱жˣҵڽϵ֮󣬴ӱϣһ·ܣҲûһ֣û뵽Եôң󼸸Сʿ߸ֵܱ˸ɾֻʧ˿ǰľˡ
뵽˴һĻ䣬뵽Լ䱻ˣѣҸطˡ
˼֮ʱɽ··һƬʬд󲿷ֶ̹ʿӦɽ֮ʱɵɱˡ
ĬȻٲ
ԾһƬѪ۵Ѫ֮ʱԱһе̹ʿʬٿȻһܾȻԽ׾룬ֱӴӱϮ󻢡
ʱֵ񱻶ᣬ֮ʣȵֱһʱ򣬱Ѿˣһʲô͵ϮԼ㱻һӡںģٿȻ˵ڵأе
һƻ֮ˣܣ޷ʵĴһ㣬Ͷ֮У·ڱ㲻ټ
˻ͷ󻢵ʬ壬ͻ֣ᷢϣһ˺۶ûУһƵĺ󱳣ҲǺۼȫޣʣѲΪʱ󻢣ȻһûУʵѳ߰˰꣬òˡ
ѧǡ澭ϼصһűɱƷơǸһƽǱˣǾơͰɽׯ˲ϢǧĵǮء
̰ԵĻǰɽѧԺ£췽Żع飬ɽ֮ǰֱɽеϺݺԺȵؿһ٣ֱԼЩվȣʵʲȥˣŲǵسŹȥ
ֻԱ֮ɽ֮·ȴʱĪ˯һˡ
ͨ˵ǮػûϰɽֱӽӣһָˬĴʯͷֱڵһſ˯
û뵽ǣΪԼôһ͵һ١
̹徫ɽϳɽûзֶǮأҲǿ˴ʯͷ棬ûб˷֣һ˵ľ͵Сӡ
̹徫ɽסԼصĲȻͷ˯о˹ɽ̹ʿСӵʱɵۣʱԼУɽϵʦֵҲûĴԼС
ǰ᱾ԺǺɱһƬ͵ϮĶѾ˱ԺĳֵĲ̹ĺԱ
˼ȥǮһݣһԼǸȺ쵰ˡɽϵҲܣԼ̹ĺ棬Ż֣ɱһһֻҪԼ͸ɱס
ǮṦ츳ߣоԳƵṦһˣҶŵľҲԸṦһɱƷơΪġ˲Ϣ˻ǰʱһ̳Ӱٰټ߰˲ġơ֮£ֻҪûк׳ĸ֣һȥֻҪϱ֤ĹѾһȥ˵һ˺۶ûеĵزˣ˵ˣһ鶹Ҳܰʯ飡
ƷԵݣʦʯĻ˵ֱġơͬһȼֻһգһᣬԶƷе۷֮
ΪƷɱ̫޴󣬳ֱȫһֱֹͬдʱʹãڳ⣬ҪѧŹ򶼵þϸڳ⣬û˻⹦
Щ̹幷ǰǮϻһ˿򵱳Ҳֽѵսŵĵӣʦű˹ܣֱӰԼ츳õ˼£ͣ͵Ϯ̹֡
һ̹ʿ·ȻװʬҲû˷֣ŵùڣѾгʮ˱Ǯһˡ
ʱǮèڹľУźɽ۲ɢԪתһתһèèһ˳ȥɽж


168 ѧں
һؼΪ̵֦绨ɸһһ׽ɫ֭Һ˳һɢŵζͳζȫ޷ͳһ绨ɫһ࣬ޣĭû֮ζ
绨п૵ֹʲô⣬ֲܳԡַŵǰߣᣬ˵ѵݾƺȵģ
Ӱһһ绨еԴϣƵѨҶŭ𣺡ɣҵ꼻Ҷ绨һظᣬTMDֲı㵱ţɰTMDϡ顭
绨һƵı顣
ԱʵܲסˣһʱЦ
ҶŪôһҶΪŪʲôҲ˼͵ֻ绨֪ǳŹϵֱӴŪİû뵽һ֦ں͸һ
Ҷǡ꼻һֲҲѧֲķֳȡһЩ֦ڣϣպֲܹɹû뵽ȴ绨˿һһ꼻֦Ҷе˼ˡ
绨С޺ɶ񹦡쾳ɣǵֵסҶûԴϳֵĴʲô⣬ô࣬

ҶһŽ绨ֱ߷ɣ۵ؽ꼻ĸ´
һһֱڰͻͻȻ˫־˫ͬʻһţִĴָѹһָȸһɢͷ֮ϣһͣ
ԭͬһƣͻȻ͵һǣ˳ͷָٿȻΣֻĴָѹһĵطγһ֧ԴͷָγɰֻСһŵͷͷ͵ֻһðͬһռеĿͬʱһ٣·ηھͷһ㣬ٿȻ
һ֮˾ĿУڰͻ𻺻չһĿٴλ
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ҶԭЦݣڰͻĻԽԽӲȵԷһ仰˵꣬ٿȻһУȥסڰ͵ĲӣƴҡεTMDүķ飬ҵүҵıҧˣôһġûаռıˣζҲø³
Сˡʯ衱Ҷֻǰһӱ㱻Էεסȫûа취ѡ
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Сڰɵۣ۾Ҷһ䡰û˵ڣǰһոմһĲֱסˣ
񲻶ԣҺܲϲ˵ռҵıˣȴűͲҵ壬׹
Դ绨һţ˵ӷ仰˵TMDˮƽҶ㡭
Σҹһߴȥ
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Ҷһ㶣عͷʱһԭԼһֱûзɵ˫֮ϣǸùС۾ף°ĭѾ²֪ˡ
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绨Ų߿һۣСɹת֮һƲ죬Ц̫вˡҪͲûô
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ΪⶫһŹ绨˵Ϊǿ󣬿ѧе𾭶УʵΪ绨ֽĺ֮
绨п߲ˮһķָ̾˿ѵӵָʮʱֵֻܻ÷ô
һ룬ʵ벻ʲôһתֱӰѷָͣһҧ

ձҶһƺѵڰͻ۾ָʧ绨һ̣һһһ˹ȥ
TMDɶⶼܳ԰
Ӱһһ绨һѷָʶͷҪǷ飬ҪָóǴϱ³Ǵ±ƶôÿˡ
ȥǼһﻤָﺻѾ˼æһ磬ҶܹϢƬ̣ǽϥãڣһԼĵʧ
֮ǰɽѾϰ֮ңˡ
òֲ㲼ѵѰһ֮һٲɽ⻹ǵꡰǡֶɱһֻҰ¹ʱҵ֮
һƬ֣һӻ֮أҲһɱ¾
ʱ䣬ڲ죬ʱ쾳磬ٴԵ֮ʱ˵ѡѾˡ
ҶԼתڹżһ±ŵġ̫Ԫ񹦡֮⣬ҪĹңɵ񹦡ڡղ塿͡ŵĻ񹦣׽Ǵ񹦣Ϊǿѧڹġϴ辭Ҷûϰ
ڤ񹦡Ϊֻ޷ҲֻʹõʱŻתƽת壻ճйǡС๦ʱڵġʮ칬ȫͨڡ쳤ؾóϹŹϵ֮ж̫Ǵⲿõ㣬ӦĻŹͻǿȡ屾ʹϰ߻塰ϻͯʧҪʳӵʳֱֲӵľʳѪҺѪ
̫Ԫ񹦡ڤ񹦡С๦쳤ؾóϹ
ŹһҶ׵Ľעңɵϡ


169 ң
Ҫڹķңɵ񹦣ںϵĿԼ
Ͼ̫Ԫ񹦡ӵһ޿޵ԣǾںԣ˵һš򷨡ѧƪԸκʽںϳɶеĹ
ңɵ񹦣ңʦңϰѧң湦һѾǰ϶飬ͽӣҲˮѧˡС๦ɽͯѵľֻ¡쳤ؾóϹҲûӳġ
Ҷڵ뷨ǳûõ򷨡ѧ֮ǰȰңɵںϵһ
ڤ񹦡Ѿǽ𼶵Ĺ㵥ϰŹҲԴﵽڵĿģÿЩɧģլУ񹦣һܱ֤ʵĲ²⣬ô̵סȥ̽һأ
ŋ翸ϵͳУһΪҪĹܣǡѧϵͳ
ڵǰһҶ˵һŸͼ㼼ܵ㶼ǷѾôԴȥݻһѧĸ㼶أ
ʼʱݹ̫Ԫ֮⣬Ҷûжùܡ
Ҷ㿪ҳ棬֮ǰĲȫѧҳֻ̫߽࣬߱ǽǳ˼ѡ򣬳ĵҪѧ֮⣬ϵṩѧ
һַϵͳһѧΪɣݽĳ˵ơʯϵͳļܵ㼫ţһź켶ƷѧҪһε켶ƷžҪǧܵ㣬õһź켶ѧļܵ㣬Ҳʮ֮һѡ
Ȼѧϵͳİ취ֺϲ࣬ǾҪѧԱߣ˼ѧĿλֱȡѧۣϵͳݻѧģ߽ɹʺͼӿʱ䡣
֮⣬ѧмʴżָѧĹص㣬ҪϳɳѧôҪڸѧһӴԵѧϵͳȡѧγۣ޽ѧϣŹѧԽϳɵļʱԽ
Ҷڤ񹦡м䣬ҳʾɹΪ50ŽС๦͡쳤ؾóϹԱߵĿλϱĺϳƳɹʴﵽ82ҶһЦ񹦹Ȼศɣڵϵ
ҪѡʼҶۼһλûжӣ΢һԥ΢һ㽫Ṧ貨΢˽ȥŹҲڹķţͬѧķǶƶ۹ǰ߶Ǿ
˾ϲǣͬңɵѧ82ĳɹֱߵ92Ҷû뵽ľϲ
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ʧܲʧ书ֻ˷Ѽܵѡ
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ҳеתֿʼתҶƽ̬һСʱ䣬Ȼ
һҶͷʱһɣһЦ⸡ϡȻ϶κϳɲκ⣬¹ԼδչɵҶš
ϲúϳɹһϵͳԶΪѧΪң硿ȼƷ
ң硿
ⲻذ桶˲ңɵѧôԭϵ
Ҷ㿪ҳ棬һһεؿν¹ң硿ֻǼ򵥵ķ˷ȷǹȫġڤ񹦡һԭڤ񹦡Զȱ㣬ø⡣
ҳϸһΪͼݺϳɺֵѧң硿
һôڤ񹦡Ϊ˴ɺ͸ϵĸС๦֦е磬΢ٿпˮ֡ϵĽɫ쳤ؾóϹ͡貨΢ǷïҶ˴Ϻ಻ݵ
ң硿νġ硱˵ĲǴȻеķ磬Ҳеġ硱ϵʵָǡԪ
Ƕƣӻ۵ãǿƥ
ڤ񹦡ʮͼþѨպʹ洢Эת͵ڣںһʣµİ˷ͼʵȫǶԡá
ûбĹڤ񹦡ô˸ȫɣǲ飬еĳһҲԺķϰʮʱ䣬һں񹦣ϳɡң硿񹦣Źļѳ̶ȴΪͣҶʵҪȫգٶҲǼѡȻ˵Ƿ㹻²ܵóۣΪ⡾ң硿ʵҪӴɺʹá
ֲǸͷӣƴҪõС๦͡쳤ؾóϹΪƾڤ񹦡ŹʵѰ󼸷ڤ񹦡£ϡͶݵԴɵġ
Լ֮ǰܹ֮ɡڤȫǵڡղ塿ͨ󲿷ֵľѨȫľѨռ䵹
ڡڤ񹦡Ϊң硿ŸոյġڤҲˡң
ǵҹׯӡ㣬˾Ȼдˡң߷ͼУһšңչ
ׯӡ˵ڤΪ̫ɽ֮ƣҡֱϾ졭
ŹһڹΪĸṦԽۺ񣬱ܹɵԽ죬ɵԽߡˣܹǿĹٶԽ죬ԽѸͣԽۺͬʱж֮ʱߡ貨΢Ļ
֮ڤҲˮǧҷҡ߾ȥϢҲ
Ǩ㵽ϷĴ󺣣Ļˮ漤ǧĲΣҡֱϣֱ߿գ뿪ڤµʱ䷽ͣЪһ¡
ׯӡе仰ǶŹ
ṦѸƥޱȣƳ
ܡڤ񹦡֮µõʮͼϰѶȶв̶ͬȵĽͣҶܹӴյģֻѨһȫЧ߻ħġϢһӦ似ġңһṦͬʱҲһ似ġңչ֮⣬ʣһγɻķ
˵һ켶Ļֻ֣˵Ļֵʽ֣γɼ̵ܣͬĹȽĻԽʻγһƷ֣ͨ
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ҵĵ
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170 
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ɵ⧲̹徫ѹ˹ڣһ·ֱ˵ǰĹ㳡űͳϵǲµʮ߽󡿸ɴټеӣ˿סҪ֮⣬˵ؼϣ̹֮һս
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ɵӴӵײ㵽߲㣬ΪŵӣŵӣӢӺ״ӡЩǧٵӣǧ˻ŵӣֻв˲ΪıֳΪŵӣԭİƹϰףѾȫΪӢӣڳΪ״ӣɽϵȫҲʮˡ
˵Ǿط˵ǾۼһЩӢǱ
ͻȻĳɱԭµŵɫȻţʱƣӢǵġ߽󡿷ӳİ˵ľӢӣһ飬ʮƣÿ֮仹ӦҲǱκ϶ܽ˿вһնڵء
зʵǿĺ۷ǿߣҲڡ߽󡿵Ĵ£ɥ
ʱƴĹ㳡ѾʬȾһƬǧ̹徫ʬ嵹Χ㡣
µԭŵѸٱǿ𺳣ɻƽֱѪеӲҪسɱȴӢһߣ˻ȥæѹסţЩû̵˲װԼС͵
ս˲һʱϱѾֽ׶ΡЩµȻԭذ۸ƣ֪ȿʼмʹ֮𣬽ж̹˵󿪿ڳһѾ׶ȫѹ˳еĺɱͲҽ֮Ѵ๥̹徫̣ƴɱȴԽ׳һ
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֮ͤڣֹˮ֮ͤ⣬ķƶ
ִףִڣȺںɱѽѷ֡
·ɱȣâ¶ÿһжںѷĵطӵһأȫռȻɱ䣬ۼ嵽βֽӽеһΧһۼ֮㽫·ˣȫ̡
ˣȴǼƼļ᰺ͽһֱߵĽˮ
ˮҶָɣֻ˼һ棬˶Ǹֶ֮Ը߰Ȼ֪Ҷе˼ʲô˶û˵
˶һԸƢһ˿Ӧһ֪꣬ҲΪԼҪһװܻĹߡ
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ϣе֣ǺųµһĴ֣ԺԺϾҲϸᰲ£һ֣ʵ϶һֵ¹˭֡
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ˮûôҹ֮ǰҶΣΪҶѾǸˣʱһȣ͸ƨûзֱ
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˳μ棬һΧ壬ȴǴһֱµϡ
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ڶһ磬᰾ͿˮΧӣǰս
ǲԲɱ˶ʮೡһֱҹˮǴ䡣
˾Բضʮ죬һ죬̾һ˵һ֣ʮӣܹȡʤɡ
ˮͷҲ̧ϵӺڰ׷ֿԷŵԼһ֮УƬΣŵ˵ӣӮ㡭š
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ʱˮһأ᧿Σۼһн𣬳֮⣬֮϶׷ף鲻˿򣬿˵ܾѶ
һأˮһյһɽѩƵɽ裬һ㲻ڣССͤɢ˿˵ʦˣһֱͲӣʼգѹƣǧཨĽдҪ̳ڼ̵ΪֹҲʤ
˵Ҫ塣
᰺ٺһЦһ𶯣
ָָͷҲ̧˵أ˵зĵΪӣѹȣһӮô
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ᰵһ仰ȴýˮһԼ£˵֣һ仰ȴ˵´£֣˵ħŵȳ֣ѾռȻȻѸ٣ȴʼմƣԷֻۼħȡʤ
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171 
᰹Цǿʱˣò롭ħȻ׼粼֣ȴȻԭħ֮Գ֮ΪħţΪݣǿҵĵִ˼ȷħš
Լħٶ࣬ħһʱ¼ȡηǿƣҲ޷ռơԣ塢ģһҲνаʤħŵǿƣֻɣûгԵħŵĿͷϾħص̫ԸŶעλȵȿüϣڶݡ
һħųߣħ֮ʱ໥֮ٴҲͬ飬ͬԸħŵġǴ
ħ̫ڽϣ޷γɵֿħŵġơȴԼ졮ơֻҪҵһħһ˺Ŀ꣬Ϳ˵壬Ϳ졮Ϳռݵ壬Ϳγǵġơ
һ壬һߴɽ
ˮһӣȻ̧ͷʵԣĿ궨̹ϣӦ˵Ǵ£
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Ȼ²ǣΪʲôʱ仹ⰲųʧ˿̹֣Ȼʯֿǣȴ˴ºַ̹
᰺ٺһЦһöɫӣ̧ͷŽˮգգ۾Цô̹µͻϮҵһгô
ˮɫ࣬Ҳ𻰣ֻضżеӣޱϲƺԼᰵļƲûκεǲ⣬ֻڿ͹۵˽⡣
ᰶڽˮ˼ʱܹκεĸУԵظеο
һЦ᰽кӲطһСԪĲ۵λã⿴һкôӣȴ֮̽ǰҲһƬۼĴʱ󺣣ٴצγ˷֮ƣԭµİ֮ٴչµĸ֡
ˮɫһ䣬龪ɲۼԼƱѹһʱתȻܱΪʤһƬɱ֮Уҵ˴Ϣ֮Ƿ֮
ˮⲽ壬˼֮ǰ⵫ζԶһ֣ԭļɢڴʱڿʼŤתǬˡ
ߣʵǸߡ
ᰲǵǼµǰ࣬ȻϺһֶμ黫
뼰֮ǰᵽϢֱʵԵ˵ж˽⣬ô˵
ѵͷ֪̹ʹµ͵Ϯжôô˵δµж²ǵҪģǼҪĲŶԡ
ˮͷϸëð˳ɲôˣο㱻ִ˸ȻԼİռмơ
񣬽ˮӣء塢þзȡԼƻΪյʤһļҲӣзϿɢĺһƬȻھֲռƣȴʼɱһƬ򣬽ˮþÿÿԤƺõĺƻ˹ܡ
ˮһɵ̾벻⼸öӰȻ;Ϊ뼾ʦûôĳ壬û뵽ȴתľСȻʦ׼֣֮ʦкζԲأ
һֱߵС¯ȡտɽȪ֮ˮһ裬ͬʱȻ˵ĪĪȻҳһ࣬û֣ϷҲŸոտʼѣǻûϳ⿴ֵʲôýŵģ
ˮ棬ָʻţϵĺڰӱ鶯ָ׼ȷٵط˿죬ɫֱӱˮɵָ˸ԵеС
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ĥ³̫СǸϵˡɫһ࣬һ̾ۿʮɵ˵˻ôѪΪнɱ˽ôֽܹ̬ʧѾǿˣ򱻳ɱ˫ֻۣҲȡýյĳɼϵǷˣ֪ͺ͵ȴ
ͬʱ鲻ǱҲԼļ֡ڵһĵطô᲻Ӱأһʱƺĵˣһ࣬ͷŽᡭȡ᣿
Ȼ꼾᰼ɽѾԼΪնҪ˺úһҲ˳׿ϺϣԸԼһ棬ܲĳЩıƣҶһЩҪҲ
ԸʺȫϣЩԣУ罫ЩHԼһְ죬ִбǡ
ֻҪԼʧͣŭ𣬶˹ͬĴҵ˵Ҳֵõġ
ɫһأؿŽˮ˵ЩʱΪرѣҪһЩѲ˵ģպԹҲܱȼʬҰҪá
ˮһ֪ǵҶ֮⣬ԼΪҶֵܣ̫äˣδİӦôӱĵطû뵽⣬ȴҪ顭
ˮһ̾ȥЩңԶ飬°ڿһ֣ʵô壬ʦøôأ
Цվߵͤ߼ʣ±Ρĵչһ½ǣ˵Ⱥ̽ɵĵϸֲϡϡسôĴ󶼻ڶҪ㶫Щȫźá
ʦ֮ǰ˵ɻǴµĶ֣ҪͲ̫󣬷˼èô
Цת˵̵µġ
Ŷ
ˮɻؿżᰡ
类һ㣬Ʈһ£ˮһӣȴǽӵ˼ᰵһֽ
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ˮյֽŶ֮̿УΪҽ˵ֲüʦУԭʦҮֱ˳ͻŴµɮµҮڿ̨벻ެڲȨȨĶԿȻﵽ˰Ȼĵز


172 
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ެĴҮǴյ׵ܵܣҲǴެһ˳λ̳ˣʦԸ
ެڵĴմﲼɣСڴгȫǴʦĿܣ걻λ֮󣬱һֱӼȫ飬ԻΪסެļ
Ƿţƽȣڽϱ㷴ūƣެеĹ壬ǴͬʱҲǴūôŴͽأλʦԼֵµҲдغūԼԼȴԷŽȥԼެĹ壬β
˵κμҵĵެڲս˵ǲܡ
ֵ֧ڲķɣ֯ɱڲͬϵ֮ìܡܹӵڲ߽ˣһֱΪʡҸԴĺð취Ҫֱӳʡ̫Դ
Ǽᰵǿ󣬵ȻʱҲôúͰŹϧڼΪ˹ȥʱû뵽ԼڲԼˡˡ
֮ͤ࣬ӿһʱƮƮѩ׵ͷǰĳ۴ʱϣǱȥ˲ٵ壬Ȼֱһǹһŷ澳ȴδͷӲ䡣
ˮе¶һ˿ĸ飬Էѳʦͽż񣬱øӸߴ󣬵ȴäӡ
ѧϰճΪԽǶذɡ
֪ʲôʱЩŻأ
ˣ˵Щǿèʱ򣬾㳲ʱˡڣǶԷ͵Ϯĵڶ׶Σ̽ɽʵʱ򣬵ɵȫ¶սʱ򣬱Ǵ͵ϮԱȫͶսʱˡ
ˮ̾һʵʲô
ʲô᰺ǺһЦת˵ȻǼˡ

䡪
ſգӿһɿҵľ˽֮ɢܵڴϸ֣ͬ紵ľ²һ㣬⵹ţԲʮڣγһ״ĴӣĴһ࣬ʾһγɵľ޴
ӰŸ෴ķˣһֱ˵ԼӪ֮ǰŻ׺ݵضš
Тֱݺݵ˿ĭͺԿ͹ŶĴӶ֣·һ㣬ҧгݵ˵Ӷ࣬˲¹ͷ벻㻹ҵҰ
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ڸոյĽһ˲䣬ТֱͱȶԷ˼ȻֵĹҪТֱһ㼶
Тֱ쾳ľ磬֣ǵ졣
ТֱŭϣҪӦͷһ߹ڵļ־͵һТֱ½ǣӿڵ˵Ҫ嶯ԷǹҪŭ㡭
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ڼɽǵĲЩ̹ӱɽ֮λ̹򽻵ͣɽϳû뵽ճɽǣûɽɽ£ͱ̹
һ̹֣ǵսʤТֱһε϶֣һսҪТֱһλƴȣֻͱצӶ˺ϡˣҲΪТֱԼλɥТֱһֱʹ
벻ʱʮ֮ٴТֱ˵ĳС
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ТֱóƷŵӲƷТֱ𣬶ӲӲ书óʦѧܹսͻ죬˵ֲ顣
šơΪ֮ԽԷĸ߼ѧʽ򵥣ˣýТֱԭĹߵ˸ߵĲΡ
ֻǸҪ֣ȴļ־
ʱ־ֻжڴˣص̹֣ˣϱ˴ТֱȻ֪ףǻսǳԿ
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־˼̹ĸȫ⣬ôҲȷѡ񣬲᱾ԺΣգǾ֧Ԯ£ǱԷڴˣǵ˴£
Тֱһ㶣͵һԴ̾ѽ˴£
ʱ򣬶ļֵ̹ȵòͷӶȻȵôеģ겻ĵӶûô
Тֱףųż־˸ɫ˵ϼע⿴ţҶʱһ£װǰңԷԼ˵ע϶ϣȻҸкݵģ㲻ҪҲ֣ʱҺΧԮ᱾Ժ
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ģТֱмᶨɫһһظ˵ʵҡ
־Тֱһ㶣űЦϼһȻ˼Ƿˣ
ʱӶǱͬߵ̹֣ҲЦŭԶ˶һ㣬Ŀ
ТֱһֵܣΪ㱨ˡ
ȻȣӶ࣬ǰТֱ͵ش˳ȥȫĵŶԷ˹ȥ
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־һᵽɤۣТֱһֱԼľʽЩԷٴתȻ࣬ȻԷϤʮй󣬱㱻Էѹסһʱ˱ľء


173 ħ
Тֱ־Ϊɽϲ֣ɽ˽ս֮С
ֵսѰ߿Ա⣬ƬŷǹƼʮҲԶ졣
ֹϵĽ֮⣬տ͵ʩչڵĺ˽֮⣬޷ֺ
ɽʮ⣬һƫƧСȵУʮݸ߾ۼһ𣬾صȴǰĴݻϢ
˵ΪעĿȻе
һˣǸĿĴͷñͱ϶˶ͭ죬ʱϥڵϣһƳʽĹ飬Ŀŷ𾭣
һǸӵֻ̹һɫĳۣͬɫͷͷʣһֻ۾Źâߣһűһ˸һ䵶Ѽ
һһغͷߣյͷƤ׺ĺɢһǰĳζһ۾ˣҲԶһЩ
һţĿͻȻ̧ͷ˵ķԪ˧̨֡ӦϢˡ
˺ݣȻҵزǡ
Ŀüͷһ壬Щˣ֮һľݱݵλεԺգʱȻҪ˵ɫĵЩˬ
ǰ˶Ʋ硣
̹۴󺺣̹߾ͳ˧ֱ̹峤ĴԪ˧ķ쾳ԲʵҲνġ벽顱书ԼҪôֻǶԷ̹߾ͳ˧ݣݲþݱ̫ھݱ˵̹ǴµĿܣ֣ūţһūŵɫݱȻûʲôøС
һòʹߣǲǣΪԷǴµѣħеһ̨ʦԽħƢŹ֣ǧҪҪʲôǡ
̨ħϹȻ죬ɢűյʬζ˵˸˵ĸо˼Ȳ
ԭ˲Ǳˣħšʮ֮һš̨棬Ҳǵ걻ھϳɱǸ̨ؿ游
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ħƵ̨һ벻ϾȻ˴ﵽˡ񻯾ĵزı̨Ƶµĵɽһֱħʥء
ֱδͻϮɣħȭħƵбԸ룬±Ͼͬˣò֣Ҳһֱɹڻ̨棬˳ˮ۱ɵɡ
˶ǲΪˮƽôܲӦ쳣ء
ԽطѾﵽڵˮƽݿɿϢǳϵˮƽҲɵս
طôǿҵӦ˵ɵսѾսҲ˵ɵѾȫˡ
Էذյ˳飬Ҳ΢ȴ˴ŵжϡ
ȻŶʼˣսȴʱ
շղɵţôɱһ֣Ҳشɲʵ
û˵̨ħͻȻȤؿݱٺЦһ˵Ҳܣˣ
ź¡һ˻һ⣬𣬳յķ˹ȥڿһʬζ
ķһı飬ֱ˵ǹȥɣճؼңҸɵĵʮ߷С檻һȥůءֱӹȥƫҪС̽飬С󣡡
˵꣬ԵűУӰһ˹ȥ
ֳֻʮеľݱɫѾñȱɫڣӺͶϵͭŭūţƱšҪǴʦҪ£õȺ
ݱɨһʣµ֣϶Ǵڵ֣ס졢ơڡÿڵ֣ʮеʺͼ룬ܾ֮ܿһĴʿѾȥ˼ҽ֣ӦԵļпܾɵų顣
ħŵ̨̹Ԫ˧ķݱϣ˵ɾĶˡ
²˳٣ǸϿҪ
ȥһϣ
ݱ𣬺ڹ̻ɢʧߵС
;ݱ
ݱȥԶʮ֣ȻعУȻչɽصķֱȥ

խɽеĺɱַĺһʱĹУδܴһ
ɽ棬ｹǰţУҪһչֻ֣˭ûôõĹսû¼СɽȣȥʲôԸıġ
Զɽϣ罫ѩ˸߿գٴηؽ
ｻֵΣѾڷѩбסˣԶԶȥֻһƬããķѩӰȴѵһֻ˾˲䣬ըһСأԶǿһ
ڶΧιĺһҹۿţһֹ˵Ļ
߸ߴ͵λǰӵȺ˵Σ֪ӻֶܼã
һԱ˰һͷ˵ɲ˵ĵҼһΣνǡһ򵱹أĪȺҲģһսиƨã֯ʶӳˡҪôԥԥֻж˶ġ
˲Ǳˣ̩͹ˡ
̩˹ע⣬ŪһŪڣסԭģһѽ䵶̩һĴ󵶲˸ʵһҲϲˣɽ֧Ԯص
ֻһﾹȻֽΣʱס˴µĹȻ᧿ΣʱڻԼ֡
̩һۣ־ҪժµȴһԵĹһæסԷү״үʲôʱȥ㲻ô


174 һе
̩н֣ȴֹһɣŭߵСӸʲôʱȥѵô
һЦ˵үֶ˵ĻʱȥɱСȣʵҲҶˣһѵޣ˶棬ǽȥ֮֮أڴ˵صȺѰȺҪ֮ģذڵʦֵܣǲô
̩һ㶣˵ͷʾףͬʱЦ˵ֶӣС׷ϣԴĹⲻٰ
һˣһĴЦлү佱ֻҪүܼǵôֶӵĺôͷҸӶҵĺãͳɡ
̩һЦޱôаϡ
̩һЦնʱΧźһδε޹˵ЦͻȻһƿ̩ٿȻͷֻ󲻷Ⱥ
ĴӣһԻۣݣüëһһرŹ̩ŭ˵ĲĵӣȻڴЦȴͬŽѵ̷ô
ƾˣתǿԶλ켶ĸ֣Ǽù£ǰսġ
̩һ񣬻࿴һۣȻӲң
ʱأԼ켶ҪǱԷʲôףסСˡ
Ǽȥ
˵ͷʩ񣬿ȥ
ʱλһλݿݡһɫƵͻȻ˵ţ
˸æͣļͬʱᵽɤۣͬʱ뵽ĪʲôԷֲɣ˽бֻҪԷκеľٶƴ
ʱǿݵĴס֮ȴһתŸղŷĴ˵ʦ֣Ϊҷӵܣȴ̰ȥֻ֮ҲӦԡҵȷأʦܴͷͬʱФ֮ͽǰ·ɡ
һ˵꣬ڳ˶Ʋ졣˵ĺʲôල˵壬ʵ̰ͬǰΪ̽·ܷô
ȴһԼðƻվԶ˻ܻˮ㣬ҪǸµһжֻò˶þͻᱻ˼ϳⲻһս
˻һۣһɫͬʱ˼ƽϡ
ʱǸһüëȴǺٺһЦȻ˵ʦ˵ĲιΪΣգգһܵеɡ
ʦ֣⡭
òиĻᣬĿݵĵ༪ôԸ콵Ĺ͹øܵʼδأ
ʦĪҪˣֲܸܴ࣬Σأôˣ
༪ƿԣ˺
ʼδЦһֿһһߵĺܸɮ൤乧ͷɵص˵ͷİߺߣʶ࣬һܵ죬һô֪ߵ͡
ں졢ơסڡ֮УΪܴ֮졢ơΪӴ󣬵༪òȡһпĻᣬĿŵĶ˹ȥ༪аޣҲ޷ٶ࿹ֻۿιٴνܵ
¸ﹴĶǣ̩͹ȴһԹۣ˵˭żǰһΨһԸܹȫѶԷļӣ˳뵽ǰС֮ȥ
Ϊʮ֮һʼδ֮ɫǰɨһ۵ͷ̩ˣߵˣ׷汾ʦĻᡣ

һԲű˹ȥ
һ·ϴߺţ·ֿߣһģȥһţֱ߷ɣǵˣָûأֻɢͨĵ·˳㶼ŭԡ
ʼδԶ˵ΪΪͣµɮڴެȨײ㣬һˣ˴ˣֻøӣʲôȱ֮ġ
˱ˣһӵȨȨԼȨλΪٽĻȱڽ̣Ҳı䲻𽥱ĳġ
ʱֵееĴƳ磬վΪ档
Ƴʹõһʮ·ڰ··ûʻʣϣðƳ紫ϰ½չ¶ľ֣˵׽Ƴԣʹ֮ʱΪڡ
ġ׷磬ϡٲѸݣˣϽƳ磬ͻĺɱǱ
Ƴƿһչâ裬ǰ߷Χڽâ첻ڶת˲䵲סǰֹӰһһ㳸һ£һҺߣȴһﵹرһֻʵֵһ˲佻߰˽롣
ʱһ߾ᵶҪƳѾǰһһŭ˽ӷ磬ʩ
δϵһϳ˹æᵶֵ
һ죬ᵶסƳд󽣣ȴûܵסϵĽһֱüһѪ۱ʬƳ統һţ뵽ȺС
ʱ̩˳嵽֮еʱ򣬵ȺͷƳ罣ɭϣ£񣬲ʮ֮䣬ее
˿Ǽ˷ܣԽкãȴʼδŭģԭΪо֣ȴһոɵӣնвһɱһֱߵĴ¸˵ܹܵˡ
С
ʼδŭһ𣬴ȺͷϺԽʮ׾룬֮ƣֱƳ󣬿к˫ɫĹâһ˫ֲ裬˲γֱ۵ĿֲԼΪͼɵڲ֣ǰƳ硢棬Ժ½ƶˣһ빥֮С
󣡡
ǰƳͼһظƹһ˿Եֵģɫ֮£ƽһмţֻ¼֮䣬Լһķͻᱻݻ١
խƣȫڡ߽󡿵չʱֻ̣С󡿵ġǾۻᡱԿһ
Ƴһ£ʦֵΪͷʼδ롣
խĿռУɽֻܲվˣʦֵƽʱĬҲխ󷨵ıΣɵؽԭƽڵϵݱơ
Ƴ硢վڵδʦֵܶʼδӭ˹пЦ֪С
ԷȻҷɹԼӲӲʼδ붼ûؼٺ˹
棬ȫ˫ֱӭֵеƣûȭƣȫˡ
˫ҪӴһʱѾ˵Ƴͷżᶨ̤˵ļ֮ϣҲͬʱСȣε֧סģ
ʦֵܣ˫ŵסʯڣ˫Ʒס򣬻ǳ󣬵סĺ󱳣˸һȭһţʼδûֱۡ
ӣһ˲һ壬˵ĹȫеһٿȻ˲˼ĳ̶ȣ߸֣۵һĹȻ˲ﵽֵĺس̶ȣһֻ˲ɣ
ʼδԼŵЦڶӺһ𡭡
䡪
񱩵խĵγһɲ˼ǿһ˲䣬Ի๥ǿҵȥ
Ƴ硢ʦֵˣ˲ʯбСȣһЩңһڷλֱӱ˳ɳȥףԭȺӵڣ˲ճһҲڵء
˵Ķ˲أ˶Ǳǿҵײȥͬеı˵
Ϊ˵ʼδ룬Ҳⱻˣһ𾪵󷭹ҪסΣȴһʱԿƷֺңһʱȻתã˵ĿԲ󣬶ԷֻҶ㹻ϻ޷ȣֻҪȫصġ
ʼδŭ쳣תһΣҪ֮ǰָתҪǱźá
ڴʱʼδŭһһȣ
۽һһƥĺⱼԼˣ֪ãһлûڣֻ͡һһȥбذΪ롣
ʼδĻֻ谭˶Էһ£ûʼδǰ͵Ϯ˭Ѿˡ


175 Σ
̩һ֮£ʼδ룬Ѹޱȡ
ڼҵĻУûüκ׼æվΣѾһѪ֣һͻأĲҽУոջŲһĴѾʬ塭
бֻһҽУ̳֮£һã֪ڷʲô飬һλɥȪ
Щûп࣬˲֪ࡣ
ͬʼδλ֣ܵĵ༪ͺܵİ൤ʼδ뱻ԷһˣʱаЦͬʱҲһݣ벻ɵĵӾȻ⾪˵һȻΪֵʼδܵػȻûˣͷⲻˣҲų˱ܿһڶ
ֻ˿Цոճûãͱˣ
һſڵϵûбɣȴʼδ뱻ɵĻٿȻ𣬾һĴ󵶣һӦԲʼδ룬ԭȡЦܳԱĵ༪Ͱ൤˴һ
Լ˷Ƿ˾ݱָɣӦͬͬ˵ģʱΪʼδ֣ʤĹͣǰɾǻŵ˵Ĵˣ
ȥֻⲻҪܵǻܵˣƴ󣬶ȻĹǶˡ
Ϊ֮ƣֻܷǰƾ书ع£ͻ֮ɱ´󹦣˼Ȼⱻһģܱס
˶һۣ˼ƽϡ
̩ʼδ룬ŻͷĹСȵʱ̣˱һΪʦֱ𣡡
׶ֳһгɱһһ£գۼѾ˰̣ɵӸոϳ̩ˣδüΪɱһֶңæس֣Ҫ
󡿵ġǾۻᡱȻǿΨһзһӵĺһȴѱֿƣȻ޷ֹһ壬֪˺һĹҲʼδ൱Ҳ൱һ쾳ĸ֣ǶͬȾ֣Էס
Ȼˣ༪Ͱ൤ͬʱӭӺһͬһʱ̣Ӷͬʱˡһһɾڶըһ㣬ÿؿشβܿƵˣͬʱˡۡһѪߵӰͬʱǿɽСȵУ㶼˵أһʱ
СпէֿЦӰͬʱӰ󼲷ɣȻײСȱ߲ɽ֮С
һ£һߣ̩µողߵӺ󳾵ģ̩͹
˽󣬳ֹ켶Ĵû뵽ɵƱ˼һȻ֣Ҳֱֵӻɣ̩µòȣٿȻɵ˰֮УʱأֱֱزСȵС
켶Ｘһ۾ϳ˾ѵɱʼδ룬༪ݵ׳һȿ޻ѿı飬̩˵޳С͵Ϯʦ֣㣬Ҫ֮˴òźá
ܹԪ׽ܣ༪Ͱ൤ȫпܴӻܵԹ޵нѳ
̩һĨѪգЦһTMDҪǳ˲͵ϮᣬҲһΪԵĻ֣֮£ȻȺҪļһȡЦΪ޳ܡ֪޳ܡôдô

൤߰Զһӣ̩ͬشһǣ͵һ˦ͷ׵ͷǵһ죬ŷɳȥԶ֮ȥԶ
൤Ǻ֣һ֣ͿԷǿһĹֻǿĻ裬㽫̩÷˳ȥ
TMD㱻˰ѲӴϣ
̩˻ЩԴַž׵ֻܵŤһ£ͷδˡԼ˼Ҵһ⣬̩ĵ׵Ļڵһð
ʿɱ裡
̩ᾢһĵһݣԼ˵ôҲⲻһſڵװˣиүúҡ
һ˼ƽϣ
༪͵˫һӣһ𣬹ε˷ɶ𣬷׷׻˹غ«Ȼһ
ȴǵ༪ùɵĵɨһǺЦĪżȺţӣһˣøȥ
ٴγƳ硢½ƶֶǡۡ³һѪ˸أҡ
ʱӹС֮ڣվ󣬾㶼һײеŵϵˣŵĵȻβЩʹ֮ȥ
༪˵Ǽӽˡ̫
﹧Ӧǣͬʱ׺ݵس
ʱһӰվһȣҲ٣һȺûֵͺ¿ԸֵܶĲеӹղôôţֵĳүүһһ˺ǣ
ڳ˶һ㶣ͬʱһʱ˵Żģ˹˭
ֻǿڴѪͷģһݺݵؿͬʱֳһ˶ʯͷһåܲҪľͷ
TMD
˵ﶼ뷨˾٣ȴӺ̩жһůνѼ顱ʱ˳ͷ壡
壡ֵܣ
Уֵû׽ֵܴͬȪ
յĳƴ

ɵĵֲ֣һվȵĹļһ̣Լˡ
һ֮ɫ֣صظÿһɵӵͷʾ⣬Ӣ۸һ㣬ۿתתģǲɵӶܸȾһʱ׳
ֻǹŻͷ֮ʣһ۽ǵصĴţعͷʱһգаTMD˼ȶӶ߬ˣŵöˣʮǰͱˣԪƵشܽ˽֮У˵ʦ岮棬ɹʾٵҲܻһͻƵİɣð治˭ͻˣ鷳ȳһ
ԭոձһɣֱˤ˸˲ӣź׺ۣȴһԪٿȻۣ˳żͨڱսɽ֮ڣͻԪϴȫأҲ˵ò˶ãͻƹض
תۼȺҪɱˣԼȻҲеУԼױҲȺˣ˵ӻʲôֶŰԼΣʱ̣һݣӲ˸ǰֵؿȺǺػֵܵΣùһľϲ

Թһ۽شţȶӶ߶£аˣλ岮үĳȾҰ


176 
ôһ֣˰̵һȺˣƶȻһ䣬ģԼȻӢۣôµһＸѪ
༪еԴϵѪ܆φֱȵ֪СñµȥŰɣ
˫һᣬҪˡ
Ƴ첲һ𣬲һ㣬ֱ޾ɫ
ɲǹҪĽۼԷһ֣СӲ㱻Ȼ˦½ƶֱۣ˫һǻеĿȫ˳ʷ񱩵һȵס֡
ţ
༪ԷһҲһ£ԾŲһ㶣˵ԼôСӵĻˣٳȴû˸ղŵĻ˳˫֣ЦôˣˣģðֻҪԸҴΪūÿΪɮͰǺǣԸ飬һ
͵ЦؿˡÿնǣҪһɱǻҪ
һЦŵ༪ޡһŨ̵Ȧƨ׵ĲТӣǶӣҵӷĳңȻҵҲǸʣҲܲ壬ǻТ˵ǣ˲ȱΪ켣͵ϮҶǺСоڽиTMDޡ
ﱻСͨ죬Ⱥ𹫷ߣҪɱ½׼ɭϣûλֵö
һһͬʱȵúã
Էûٴΰͦأһشȵֵڴ˾壬ΪػһֶΪҵȿ֮ʿ𣬴ɱ˶ﻪ֣ҿܷ뿪ӾˣҲǧ󽭺ϻиĴ˵
һȴ༪һֹ֣˽֮
༪Цɭ˵øĿͽΪҲ֪Сô
һаϺУѵǹʱô
ĶԻȴùһɣֻ༪Ц˵ô࣬뼤ŭǣҲˬһЩƫƫ⣬ܾ˼ʹ
ǵһãЦӻ켣ʮ꣬ʲôĿûЩϷŻӻɣҹүүģϹĹֵۣĹүүܻ׽ǵֶΡ˵ˣɷֻһһͬģ죬Ժ죬ĸԴСڹ˵ӡһ̩үϣ
̩ˣ˵չģʱûԼԴͷȻñ˶ȥ
СԼĴ㣬ںź죬ȥĻ㿹ᣬҲǰ׸˵мӶˣ̩ĵҲᣬȥȶµǶ׸һͶȡʱ䣬ֶΪ
̩ȻҲȻͷͬ⡣
ĵ༪ʱҪ˵Աߵĺܰ൤ѲͣͻȻȳȵݵ룬˷ʱΪôΣˣ뱾£
һ£Ⱥмܵշ˶Ĺ
ʱﵱеʼδѾʣµİܵ༪ͺܰ൤ϲ£ʱ൤༪Ѿ򵹵ĵ˷ϻƪĿĲΪͻԼɮǰݵλͬȵλİ൤Ϊһֱͣʱ༪Ҫ˷ѿ࣬һåģ̣൤Ͳסǰ廰ͬʱɮڳץˣ
УжٵķϻӦץסԷ֮˵;ʱ䣿
༪ϲһţִƻȨԼĿУֿдʱ˰ᣬȻǲҲ֪ԷֲļԣֻǰԲȴû൤ľٶ
༪ͬʱаԲ̵İ൤֮вҪĸֶѣԼЩѾʮڸ˵Է㲽죬ҲͬһЩӸԼСӶѣʵȫһʲôֵôСֵġ
ѵģ
Է֣ŵٿȻˣ
Ȼ׷ŹȻһûʲôͣ˻̫ˣ޲װˣ˿û֮ǰŵӣиˣٿȻǰ塭
˵ٶＰ϶Էٶȣ̼㵽ǰһƣֱӹǰ
ֲǣץزУӰһ½ƶٿȻ֣Ȼˣ۷ﻹڻ¡
˵ĶȻӲƴҵĹһչһƷתչ࣬ϣޣƷгɻһ̺£˸˲˵ֱٹ
䵱ơͶüƮѩơǰΪ½ƶ档
ɵľӢӣ˱⣬׼һȭŹԱʧȥʱ½ƶѡľ䵱ơѡǶüġƮѩơ
ǵ㱾ɽ˭֪ʷɽһŵĴͰȫƤأһգкôֱӱ־Ԯʽ֮£ס˹ʱ򣬸ոպûĹһĹƱԼֵܸһЦΪٿȻǰ˻ȥٿȻûüӦʱ򣬴ϵ£͵һҡ
飬顭
죬Ӳֶ˵Ĳֱ֣ĵĶϣ촦ԶûһԴֱҽǻ֮У
Ͼûлţأ˵ֲ˺ֻһһ֮䣬ﾡԱ
ôһͱˡ
˵Ⱥ鼤ܵǺְܵ൤ҲѪӿͨöѪһС
ӰһΣٿȻŹ˹
ֵԸͬʱҪԷӲƴһǣµһﶯ֪̾ҪãԷһûأѽһֱһʱ൤βſ͵س˹ǰ׼·ĹѾȥԶᱻץӭӰ൤ģɵӵĺһ
ԭӦͬʱǰİֵܸ༪ȴΪα仯̫٣δͬʱ֡
ţһ
ƴһ˰൤Լһˣ׷ɣιȥѾ˱Ե
С˲䱻Χɽײһγһ磬ε˶ᣡ
һ󷭹һεĵطܡ
˻ȡʤ϶׺
ʮߣʮˣһĳëУΨһ֮ܳΪĹ򣬾Բƨ
ѡʮΪϡɱΨһˣŹκһܹĻᣡ
Ҳˡ
ҴʮԶδϵǰͻȻһԽţסȥ·ȻһƤһسҪһѱסٸˤ
뻹δǰ㱻Էһ߷ڵأһϤЦХһķҲعԼ䣬ѽǣ²ӱ˰ʦȻȻô
ԭЩԺԴ͵ѹˣֲȷϵؿѾ򿪵Ĵţһ˹ȥϥ˵Ľ£ʦˣ
˲Ǳˣɽеķҡ
ҿСȣֿ֪ӣɫٿȻһ˵ֶӣʦ˵˵ĸ˵۸ģ


177 һ
ѵõĺЩСơ
ԴӲ֮ضɽŲٴνƵ֮ϣԼͻȻûȻʣûǰսսˡ
뵱꣬Լթѣڽͬɥ֮ȮһĴصʱεҹԼجоѣһ亹ʹ鵽
ӣǸͨµ³ç꣬Ѿһ׷ԲԵ˼ˡ
µʱϲ
ļҡ
ضɽ֮󣬳ɽٽʮɽ֮أѰһΪƫƧĵطһСԺԭӦýĹƺˡ
ɽƧĵط֮˼ҡ³ͨίʵ˵˼СľݲɽȵľͷǰСˮǳš
̧ͷܿϵİѩ
֪ôˣؽ֮󣬳˼һӿһأѪɽŵ˼һɣµģֻпնȻʦŴδۼǸɲţ֮࣬һӱÿġ
ʧȥ˶ô
ȻΪʲô
̫
鲢ûóԼأҲû÷ŭԼЪ˹
뱨𣬵ȴúƽ
ԼгӯŸÿճһֱԡսԵ׷ԽִţģԽӳ
԰ݲκζΨ⣬ݵԼ
˵黳ȡˡ
ӣ࣬ţǣǶȡ
ʱ򣬺ɵˡիĵزģѩ񣬳ȴۣǣϾ˼ǡ
ĲֹԣġҲһǧ
ġǽ֮
ʱؼԪ춯̧ȥۣ꣬̾һ԰֮ȽȽ
µӣҪˡ
ҲԼ֮ǰ飬һʵʩء
üͷһ壬˵ĳظӦ˳ɽĳɱͬһʱ̣ɽ¶ദҲɱ
ѩ׽üһšЦ⸡ݣȴɱһš
̲סҪˣ
һԵġƿţ뿪ԼСԺ

̨ȣ˼Ϊһðź̡ɢŨʬζĻ棬ŭĳɽһ·ϵķѩ˲ڻѩµĶҲպڣԶԶȥããһƬУһŻɹһĺߣɽһ޴˰һªѿ
ٱʮ·̨̧ȥԶһ͵磬ѩԶԶȥһѩڿз裬ƺ侪ˡ
ɽ˾ʽߣǳĪ
̨֪ɻһڵĴյĴڣ벻Զһ̨ڴˣϵ
һϾ֮ǰҪѸ͵ٶȣķɳ˹ȥ
ѵĻŨ̹ؼһֻĹޣɱڣƱˡ
Ȼ䣬ӿĻٿȻֹͣڵŨҲһ˲ʧӰ١̨ڻֳΣĿⲻǵϣȻתһӣ˫Ŀ׹ңȴҲ¶δйء
ѩ֮£һӰԶڼ֮䣬Ѿ̨ĸǰ
һһ
ѩ˪
ƺҲδ̨һֱۣԶɽϵԪǰ
̨ٴа߬ȭͷʱ׼֣ԼеΣյеĿӢͷ׷ߣȴôȻȻش˹ȥ
ԷʼնûпһۣҲûбֳκεĵ⣬̨һֱ֣ƫƫԼ˹ȥҲûҵһ˿һֵĻᡣ
ΪУȻֵֻǻǰ߹ʵԷλøûй̶һֱƮر䶯š
̨һĴҪ֣ȴڼҪֵһ̣˷λͻȻһ䣬Լ׼׵Ĺ˿մȵٴȷԷλãڳ֮ʱԷһΣȷܷ񹥻Է
Ĵ̨֮ϵĺ৵һ£֮߾Ѿˡ
ν˺һǡ
ۼԷǰ߹Զ̨ܲסʵͨ
˵ͷ紺Цſ˵ᣬ飡
ǳ飡
̨ŭٿȻͣ˫ȭһʬٴβȻȼŨصʬζ˲ɢ˿
飬Ҫ㣡֪˭ô
̨˵˻ԼԼһϻɱϵԼȻڴʱǱᣬҲҪˆ£ѵں£ѵҺ书
Եģ̨澹Ȼһ̲һ˿⣬˳嶯Էս
ĳ鵹ǵȻһЦ˵˭ֻʬ֮أ֪ħˡǸˣҲ뿪
赭д֮䣬Ѿǰν֡
̨潫ɷԪ˼ޣɫĻͺɫʬϵһԼеĻ֮УγʵʵһɫĴţ˫һڣժСںɫ򣬴һϵ
˫һһỤ̃ٿȻȻĳ顣
ɷԪľʬ顱ɻʬĽϣײ֮ʱȼ͵һ㣬ܹ˲γɾҵıըʬմ㲻ϨˮɳӣϨֺ̨ӣ̨ؿԴħΧɱ˹ٱѾ̨ˡ
̨ħ֮УҲǸû˸ǵĺݽɫʱ飬ȻԷĸоǼΣգԼħˣǳ̨滹Ըһ֣òϨʬ
߾Ľڳ֮˲䣬ֻúһ죬ŨڿնһС͵Ģɽɽը
һźɫĹδսĴֶ֮һļµĲܷɢȥ֮Ϊ֮һһֿռݵĸо
ˣ
벻ԷȻ㲻ôԼʬ顱Լϣڵ㻤ٸߣҲֵס˵𵴰ɣ
һĻ̨˷ܵĴٿȻŵøˣһŵر飬Ũ̺浱иֵһ¹ӫ⡣
ħŹȻΪըôŨһ޷⣬ӫУᵯı񡱣˵òƺɵĿħ˰ɣ
һͰˮͷ£
̨ѵػ˵̫̫̫̫Ԫ񹦡
ЦüԣŹ򡭡һ࣬ʵħһߣһɣ̨֣ءֵҳ˰ɣ


178 Σͷ
̫Ԫ񹦡
Ȼħſǣ
δ񹦣ԭΪѾȻ֪һɽţԼ֮ǰҲûħֽΪѶžѧĴУ벻ȻŹ
⡾ԵаϷħŵ֮Ψֲ벻ȻԼײˡ
ǰĳһ˿ɫ
ǲԱǿ־塣

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ڴʱ
һһâȻը̨ǰİ׹⣬âеĻŸΪҫ۵Ĺ㣬ϸǳ
̨澪
벻鲻񹦱ӻ˫
³ͻȻ̨治еһһ֣ȫʬ֮ۻ֮У˫ֻǧצӰһߺһӫ⽣Ӱȥ
̨֮֮ͻȻһƣ׻Ϊӭ顣
ȴλֲȴȻѲ׷䱻ԷӲĹ֮ӭɱһ·
鲻ɵ÷һ̨֮̾ħˣⲫɱ֮Ȼǿ׵ֻ̫࣬ǴʱϮϵ֡
⣿
ֻѣĿĹ㽣̨ӰһỤ̃׹̣ڼСĿռڣԹȰٶƶų¹Ľ
֮䣬ʤ
Ѫ֣
̨ڲҺһһѪ⣬
ӫкǳǵһ̬ƣ׷Ʈѩһ̨ȴҲ԰ѷֺ
ǰٶȣԶ̨˺˵Ķ
ۼ̨ʺֻĳ߾롭
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ʱһ֮ת˼£ȫһֻΪ˽н£ʽϣѱУ
ڴ˿̡
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ʬҽž챬ͷת˲㱻ըǫ̀ɫһ䣬îȫ˹ֲͷϵȱʧͬʱȵ֣ȴʱ
ͬһʱ̡
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Ȼһ죬̨˵·࣬˶ѩͻȻըӰһȻ鹥һ˲γ֮ơ
ѩз
ֲøո̨Ʋʱ򻹸óȻ֣ԭơ
ѩɲǣһӰҲһӰǰ̨棬ɾ޴ѹͬʱ
һҲζС͵ػǧâ꣬ؼʱһƬɷףһڸУ˫۲ܼϾǽХХ
һ˶Ĥ𱬵Ľ̨ٴѪ׵ȥһֻɫָ׵ĴϣǰһһѾڣͣϮħŹɵԶأӲƽʱĳɹ
ѣʱһãħҲܵ˺ֻû뵽̨Ӳѹסƣǿз飬ʹѹֲס˼ˣŻһֻ֣
ͬһʱ̣ڳɫ۵̹󺺣մȥÿһתһѪǰݺύʮɼǵѪۣԽһͷ䵶ű
ұһҺһĺʮಽұѪܣһ۴ֱҸ£֮ؾܽұж
˺ϻһͿء
ǳֵ̹Ԫ˧ķ֮һݱԭ̨֮ɽԶԶĿ̨ţĲǱ˹ȥѩУܣ̨棬һˣû뵽Ȼܴɡ
ʱâɢȥֽȻǰ£Ѫܣ˳ֱϣȻ̹Ԫ˧ķµĺۼ߲һڵӡ¶ͨһƬƤȻҲԵ˾ݱһơ
ȻȻ䱻ݱʵʵػһƣȻ˴ȣ˿Ȼó٣ϵƴתڵơڳϣ˿ûзӦһһ
ݱʮվΡ
һֵֻ̨һԣʬ𣬽һգѸٷ˶ִ˿ڣһӲɫ
ɫĶ۴ԱأǰǰѪѸ
һϤ죬µĴԼɫ۵̹ǿǴķ֣ŸʽһӲ̵ӣֲھݱʮˡ
侫ȣһ⣬ȫ켶ĸ֡
һӴ
º̹ϱһ֮࣬˴͵Ϯ־ڱصá
ݱߵ棬ݲ԰ףȻ񽣹Ȼ鴫ݱ֡
̹һҲԼ֣͵Ϯ±һ˻ܵ飬ɫ·ʲôûзһ㣬˺޳
˿ŭȻ˵ݱǸ͵ϮɽǾȻòƶ̾
ӦȴԷķϻм˽ȴȫйʹԼиʱѹסڵƣ׼ƴˡ
ݱһɫȻܳĹά
˵̨ȴǼȲͣȵʲôϽɱ󻼣
̨˺ǳ⣬ݱһ˿á
ȴʵŶʲôʱͶħţެụ̀ʱȴһɥȮˣ
ԳԴǣ̨ŭĿԣݱȴͷЦϢЦͷȻҴʥ֮Ĺϵǻɣһˣˡ
Цֹ
鵭Ц
ɶԷȡЦԼ׾ӣԼҪʱ䣬Ⱥ׳ջЦԼ뷨򵥵ʱʵѾϵƭ
ЦɣЦɣ˭Ц
ЦһֹݱֵˣʱҲ࣬ͳ·£;йһ飬֤įϧɰֻ½ҪҴˡЦص̶ס
޾⣬һΧ֣˵ͷضԣֵ¼°ɣ
һ䣬鲻ȶԷȷʩ廯ΪһߣֱȺǰľݱԭ⼸ʱ䣬ѸٵػڵͬʱѹٿȻֱ֣ݱ

óݱжʹˣɱָϱؽҡ


179 ʤת
ӯ鶯һ̣ת˲֮Ѿ̤ǰʮڡ
ݱ֮У̨أѾʧȥսԳٴιΨˣݱͿķ㶼սḻ֮Թƣ䲻оݱ΢ˣĿķһ˫䵶ŭ߳תһ޴֣иһ磬ȫġӭ
ڶ˱󣬽ʮ֣ȣٿȻһʱ֮䣬ǰӰ´£ǵһʵһ㳯ѹ˹
ɱգ
ڴʱԶٿȻһȣθҲΤЦڴˣȻеͶʱ
һ֮£˵ǾݱڵĴµˣǳڼĳҲһԴʺš
ô˻ڴ˵س֣
Ϊˣɻ䣬ܷȺӰȺ
гʶͲʮơһΤЦ졢ʥչɡꡢǹ׵ǰɽȵۣδġɽҰϡĪҰ롢μϴ󺣡໹ΤЦļͽܣԼᡱ֮ΤЦļС֡
һðٶˣ˾ϲǣСɽҰϡĪҰʹΣѾ쾳磬ٿȻ˲㽫µǰΧģҲкһӾͳɱֱӽս֮С
ƾǣ
ոճ۷֮ȻѹԼһͬ۷֣öԱ͵ϮڱصõľݱΪ𣬴ʱּԼһ˾Ȼ˼ƣһʱǾĪԷ鵱࣬ǴɱҪƾ輺ֵɱ䡣
ݱŵոλδüȥͻȻΧ߹쳣ͬʱԭȺе֣ڴʱͻȻͷţĿʵԼ
ݱ˲ʧɫĬʵڣ߹ǸΪսǲһļµƣ߸˵۵һ飬˲侹Ȼֵʵݱβᶯݣ
ؼٿȻһ·ֺֻܹ˶ѡ
ݱ޿ɱܣһʱ̣ҲֺϻԼ߸
һ̣ͻȻ뵽鱨˵ģ꼾ΪϬս壬ޡɵģ߸˱صŶӡ
ܡʨԳɷԹ
ÿֶһ˵
Ϊ˻峯͢ºպսֻǵĴ˵ȴûһ˵˵ĳ࡭
ٿȻһ֣ȻһʵʩɱֶΣ˲㽫Ŀ궨˾ݱϣʹʩ֣
ݱһã˵Լһ˿Կ⣡
Ŀε̹Ԫ˧ķλ̹Ԫ˧âһ龪ʧ룬Ϊδκξ֮ʱгɢ꣬ʵĿԼﻹ˵һԱΧľݱ
ݱһƬ̶ȫϣһ˲侹Ȼͷ۵÷࣬ݱܹͻƹ飬תΪʵڴΣչͷݱ˲ͻʩطȫë׵ٿȻһѪͷ۵÷࣬ʱһǣѪ쵱УȻΪʵݱʵȻ˹龳ļС
˵طΪۣ򲻵Ѿʹõڴ󷨣ݱʱʩչ֤ԼĴãֻǴ˼ƴһƴ
ԭԮߵĿķʱҲݱһʱ̡
ޡֵһɲǣ֪εȫǳڼᰵ֮УԼҲڹַȻʱܹôзȦò˵һκĴֱʡ
ȥʲô壬ֻҪĸÿһ˵һˮվһ֣Ҳɵһ֡
鵭ܹ˼һ𣬱һۣʵҪȷֿҪɵĶ࡭
ߡޡɱݱͷһγɣһתĿѡһԵ̹Ԫ˧ķϣϡޡȡս
һ뵽Լâγɵ⻪굱Уһ꣬˲Χס˶۵Ŀķ
ķֵͷƴȫ䵶һַ糵ؿռ䶼Ϊ֮һϣ˲ӭ˳һŹꡣ
ҹб̻һĽէ䡭
һ࣬һ춯صľ죬ޡɵɫݱͷײһ֮һ˾Ĳܷɢȥ֮ռһƬضһ㡣
֣ʤУ
ķˣһοȥû֮ǰؿϵʮལء
էȥֻǼһķԼ֪רĶԸԼһˣʵСɣ⿴ȥССһƤ֮޿а˵ġȴһѴĥ쳣񽣣ڣֱն
ķվ
ûаѪɫ
黹ʣ̧ͷķ̾ΪӥȮȴҪͱǺο
ķǣһ˿Ц૵ǰǺοɣ
Цᡣ
ķһ̹һʹɥ磡Ψ˫䵶ֱĽűߡ
һߣޡٿȻأֳΣΧĺ֮ǰŲһľݱȴʬ޴桭
У̨һ˱ûͣȺû밵Ӱ
ޡṦõɷͲԹէ𣬿׷ȥ鵭ȻһֽۣĿ˳ϵ̹¸֡
һؼף߹ųһ񣬵ˡ֮¡
ͷҲأһ֣Ц޷鷳λִһսɣĪǰȭ
𣬳ɽؼٷȥһסȥ·ֱ׷ɣº̹ʱܣȺɢӣȻȻռƣͷĿһӣʣµֵʱ־ȫޣﻹӦս
߶ס˳ĵз֣ˡޡɱעһ浹Ľ֡ȺΤЦȻЦǰȺˣŰʧ˿ʮ꣬Ϊߣʱʹɱ
һʱ緢ǳ
ķˣ
ݱˣ
º̹֣ȫˣ
һ͵Ϯעʧܸգشʵ룬̹ʵȻʧ˿עٴ뻪֣֮


180 
ڰɽϵľսͻȻѸ٣ǽǰˣصˣȻ֪飬Էսݡ
ڽǰСڣҸһ㱧ŴֱոյӢȫ׵˾⡣
ҺٺһЦȰοˣֶӣ۸ǵһһָɡ
һ𣬺һ´ӵϴشһµͺˣҶʦݵĹͷһʱ֮䣬緢ٻơ
ʧЦͬʱ˵û˵ȫʦҲôҲͷ
һôҴʦҲˣôû
һָȺ˵Σǲô
ٴλͷʱֻȺһǹӰôͻأվȺǰߣ½ƶӾ㶼ǾؿͻȻǰĸߴıֱϡĿ࣬Ŀǣɫضǰһɮڡ
ǶΪ˷½
Ϊ½ͽƳ磬ǵϥ½ʦ飬¶Եƽģ·ûʲôܹѵԼʦһ㡣
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ȻԷûһһľȻҲֵռˣܵİ൤лҡ
һԹս̩ʱŭɣ
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Ϊƽ
ǳЦӶԷﱧĳ߳¡Լ³ɵƲ΢̵СһдԷ
֪˲ᵥӦսֵô󷽷ⷽԷ̡
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δ潻棬൤־ʧأɴ˿ɼҶѧ͸ֶΣҶҪ֣
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ʱͬΪֵĵ༪Ͱ൤ҲǰĽλӳˡ
áָὣķתɽʮĽУǰʮ⡾ָὣĵԺͿ٣ԭʮ˲ɼα
ֻ֮価Ƿ༪ʮֽħɲǼֻü͡¡Ӳʮ£ҲסԷĽ׷֮£ֻǰİ൤һͬˡ
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ĽԲֹʮʮѸ
ҲֻС¡ıĽУͨڡָὣķ֮ѳƬˡ
еͬ󺣳ˮ˰ţŽҶʱʱϸ
â֮£׵İ൤ٿˣÿһ˶ǶԷⱩ֮ʱ˫ֺ죬񾢣޿ײֽӰͼֵסƥԵֵĽ
ҳЦλʦմ˿̣ļɳ
âٴαǣ˲ǹλǿߵΣͬʱ˽֮С


181 ˲
һǿӷһﱩ𣬻콣Ӱ༪Ͱ൤ЮС
Ϊǣ˶ڽ֮УƫƫͬʱǧǳԼļ󣬷·ԵʦֵѾٴһ㣬־ѱİ൤˵γܵˡ
һ˫ȰſȻһɾ޷磬˷ĽȥͬʱֵƬҶˡ
ȫһΪܡĵ༪ܷһӹʿĹȫǷΧ֮ڡ
ֻԼôѾ飬ȴȫ͹ҪǶûеߡ
ڰ൤˵ĿյıӴ˺ӡһƣ
Աһƣ
Ե༪һƣ
úݶ˰
ӹͷ༪һƣʵʵĺϣһĴʹһسŷǵصĽƵзȥ
༪һƣܼĹУʱʹٲľء
ԭǸİ൤
ˣԼƺˣƺԼһͷԥñ˵ΪԼȡƬ̵Ĳд
ѭӦˬ
ͷʯӹļʱѾײˡ¡Ľâ֮С˲䲻ǧʯѹͷȫĺʹ꺮һڽһ̣൤ͻȻһһξԺʱйҵ˵˱䱨ܣܡ
а̾һ˫Ŀϱգ˫ֺʲޱϲ
ţڽ֮лΪһѪ꣡
Ϊд޳ߣֱ֮ʱ򵽷еУȻûڣҲ֮ӣ
һƻ˰൤ĵ༪ѵÿյѸͿˣٲ˼˵ƺεʱﱻײõɺ𣬿ŻѪ
༪ܲˣٿȻС֮⣬ͷҲص֮زز
ܱѰ൤ȻҲܱڳٴµӣȻҲܱѴ£Ѵʦ顣
һһӣֳ˱ҵУڶһ󺰣ɢӡ
յģܣ
һҪ׷ȥ
׷ˣ½ʩʩȻվ˵һսʧأɱΪҲɱ¾ѣڴްһ̾к֮£Ƿȥɡ
ŶһԹԵվã½Ҷһ࣬Ρ
Ǻһ¡ʡ
ת½˵ʦ֣Ҫɱһˣ
½üͷһ壬ŷҵ˫ۣ˶
ڣ½̾Ǹû˵󱲣ֺαظϾɱأ
ˣұɱ֮ҵĴ𻰼ᶨơ
½ҭһ㶣Ȱʦܣ֪ʦͻڼҪɽֲ㣬ҵδʦֺαؼһʱأ
Ŀ䣬𻰣ܿóʱ̡
½δ̣Ҫ˵¼ʦ֮ʦ
ɽ֮ңңĵȥɡ
ͬʱһ㶣им֮ɫһţ½ͬʱŹһ񣬴ʦ
ὣҪȥķң½̾Ϣ˵ʦܾδȣȥһСΪϡ
תͷ½΢΢һЦǸ֮鱻½Уûлػֻǻ˵ͷһоڲ֮С
ʦֵܣĥѣֵ֮ǲԶ
ȻȥһĽᡣ
൤ģģֻзһ˶ѣһ㶣ЩȻڰ൤֮ǰ뵽ʲôһսеĽղˣҲջء
ÿ˶ڹöúڱ㶮øĹ
ֻǿ൤ȻԼͬų
ѣʲôʹġ
ҳ֮һθеŭ
ᱳѣǵ֮ıѣҲɶƵĸеġ
⣬ǱΨһԭԭ
ԭ
ѣ
̵ˣ̲ã

־Тֱ˴һ˺ֵۣ̹ϰɽʱǰһĻ֪ʱʼԭΧһʱսǣǼ׷ɱ̹ʹĳ档
ͬģ׷ɱڶ̹֣ʱҲһ㶵ı顣
֮ǰ˫֣Тֱԭ󰤴ľ£ȻʹƥƷȻӼӲߵĹֻǼб㷴ŵ̹ˣˣ͵ˣۼлὫеȴֳ̹־Ԯ
һҲǵİΧȦ˿϶ݵТֱͼ־ǿѿ
̹ҷֹȥ֪սֲʲôӰ죬ܳͷ֮£ĸ̹Ҳî׷ҪɱڰɽϡֻʱΣôԼԭԤϵȫһأ
ΤЦһȭԼĶʯ˰ӣһ˸ϡ飬ת˴͵ģЦг˹ʵˣֵܣ˭Ǵģ
ТֱٿȻѣŴϲЦָͷһָָ̹λУʵΤ绹ǵ˵
ΤЦĿһƣ˫ĿɱʱȵӶ࣡ǰ֣ɱ㡭
δ䣬ΤЦα𣬴һЩ͵̹Ӷ࡭
ТֱЦ벻ƾȻһ˲Ϸת˹νΤЦȥͬʱȵΤ磬Сɱ

ͬ飬ɽ¶š
ʦֵܼˣɽ;УսĴɮڣıñ˳ָɵ۸ģȥһΧŹ
ȥ˻ױ͵ϮɮڵСǮأƨɺ治ͣ׷ɱ½½档
Ǯأʦ֮һϲԼֵûգҲԼĶ׳ǿ׳
һզզ½ã缸ɫʱ쳣ѿ
ҿôܳˣСѰʦأֱü۵½á
˽ҲʮˣԵûߵʱ
½һǸ⣬ͨز֪ôشǸСħŮ½ȴһ߸ߣµĴԿǾһͬʱҪô书Ҫʱ̣ǹ̴ȡĺʱСǰȷ磬Ǹڵĺգε̾ϧ²£̷۵ĶֶûС
һԵ½ţ̫æ½½ǣ˵ãղǲǶ˺ð죬û˵صĶôҪû˵׵úܣôù


182 Сħ
˵ʱЦ
ԭλСڵ壬ǵż©Ը˲ɮڰ
ԼΪƣ½ͨ죬Ÿô˵ģҵʱô˵õģǲ˵ôֻնǣ
ǴЦ
Ҷڵʱ򣬱Сӵû취ֹ¶ҪһȻٲˡ塷еľ½ڣ⼸ˣʶϤĺܡ
˵УֻСľͷФƷǧ겻һûЦ˪棬Ѿľͷ飬СǲǻûдŴǧأҪǴ֤̼Ϊ·ΪʤĹؼ
ôƺܵԼҪԣ½۾һȻʵ
ФƷ仰½ûʲô˼˿ɶ˲йؼ
½½öˣ½򸾵ĶŮҲеİ½˵ͷ⣬ǵй¶ȥ֪ܵػȺ֮Ҫ֡ʱȡ󣬶˵ڱץסҪڣٴ뱻С
ФƷһ˵꣬ʦֵоãֱ˵ЩܵˣǸϽȥ
ʦֵܼͷͬ⡣
½һҪͻȥգҲܣγôҪñѪġ
½üȰΪǺã
½صԼԵĸ磬Ȳ˵Ҳ
Ҳҳ׵½棬ֻҪȰ
ʱǮͻȻСзһͻȻʵС̣˵ģǲɱ˾ͻȥ
½˵ͷ۾ġ
ǮغٺһЦԶָָ˵ҿинеļһɽˣԺöԸһɱٻȥòã
̧һԶԶɽϣһιӰɽ³û߼Ҫʱһ
ФƷ˵ʵδҪգ
½ҶòˣǻͬôǸ˵˶ѣǿǸͷֶһֻء
ٴοȥȻͷغɫͷߣϣ½Ѫɫ԰ףȥȫûκεвԡ
εػһۣղòЭ
»εһ²ӣ˵ǿ˵ˣɱһߣ
֤½˷쳣شӦ
νܺӲһ
СʱԸǱֶûɱĻ̨档
һ۷ľ
ɷͲԹû׷Ͼϵ̨棬ΪԷƴӵĿյȴûע̨ѩ֮Сٶȼرе̨ǰδɽ϶ˡ
׷ԶȥȷΧɱ̨֮ٴһ·񱼣ܲǿߴڣԷŻ˽Ųһ߱ӣһ˹ˡ
ΪʧѪ࣬أ̨涼εڵأû뵽һСУȴ˵ùͷ󣬱һеĵܺӵһٵĿꡣǱֻ֪»ð֮࣬Լ˷
̨ԺǰӣٽһƬֵأͻ˼һת֮ʱݵһ𣬺һ³߸ӣʹͷһĸߴҵ߱ȳ˶һأĺǸˣ̨湦컯һ۱㿴Ȼγ죬еĹâܿⲻǸʮĴӡ
ֻһȺӣһۣɵӵĴ磬̨ŭգTMD̫ôһﲻ֪νܺҲҴ⡣
ԪһٿȻ߾·ҿԣҪ·ƣԣ㹷յľǮƣҲҪ
һпڻû꣬ӾѾֵһƬ
˵ĵżȻϴֲɣʱʱ緢϶⣬ϵţĶӣС־һˣû뵽ûɣȴ˵ʿûѵ£ʱʱʵһ룬ͳǰ׼лһչбˡ
ֻδϵһڣȴ˿³
̨棬һʱ֮ҲЩĪôɽϵĵʿְҵô
½Цųǰµĺû취ףŽҲֻôĺͬʱЦѴӣҪס˼ңҪɱ˵ģôЦĿףһ˼ô죿
תͷһӳ̨˵ι˼ңǲɱɽĻˣϽԹͶһɱ㣡
Ҫɱˣ˵ĻȴСӹҼңƿԣƫƫ֮У˾ɰ
̨ʲôˣħ£ȫԳȡ
̨Ѿɱ˵ӣͬ׵סȥ·ɱĵһӦΧһɵĴЩӳô˸ҴԼ⣿
̨ͷһЦ´˵ߺߣ֪λڴ˵Ⱥ̨ǰ˵ٻЩСϷϷŲ̄Ͳղס֣һѻȺ̥ëû˸ɾСô
ɤһʲôشûУǰ½ȴɫʱ԰ףغ˵С󲻽ʱֻСѾͷ߶ˣˣϷӣǸϽȥɣɱǵġ
˲ɵͳڣ⿴ļһ
ʱ̨Ǻһɤӣлû˴𸴣ħĻʢ
쵰ѵΪ治Ҷֲɣ
̨һ߬ȭͷϻһðʬ֮˲ӿ
ֻɻһ֣Сʱͱɫ
ɵ˶ܿǲðĻ⣬۵ʲô
ˣͱˣ
ͬʱ뷨
Ȼػһۣвɵͬʱһ뷨ӣɢܣ
漴뷨ФƷ񶨣
ʲôЦڸǰܣܼһûߣ˶֣ʣµⱲӶĵǴ˵׷ˣܷڵػһӣôףʹ൱бĥ
ƴˣ
ıһƣĿ㶼ͷͬ⡣
󡪡
һЩԺ½棬̤Ƿλࡢ诡ᡢȨ⡢ҡ⣬ǹλѸٰڿ󡿵ļơ
гɶͣһǰʦֵܵĺ󱳣˲һ壬ФƷվڶĩ˵ġҡ⡱λãʱ̨ǰأǺһгٿȻʣ˺֮סФƷͷ
һȣǾۻᡯ
͵һ乭µƣǿФƷͷǿϵһ㣬죬ӡҡ⡱λһֱ˶˵ġࡱФƷͷһֱµͷϷ
ɫâӳĿ˵һ˲۵һѳĽ⴦ŶĿ߲ʹâ


183 ˿ع
ĴȫСһµ̨棬ͻȻеһļµĸоȻ״Сڳ콣Ǳ߲ʹâĳ貶Ŀƥ˾

һУ̨ŵûɢԼ֮£ά֣˹ֵܹ
ִ֮£Ҫֹǲλùͷӹ˲أƴۼȫٿȻӣ
Ũ̵У̨һ˲Ѿӳȥϰ׵ľ룬ѾһƬֵڵסΣǹɾµĸоȻͷ˿ûΪζе˿İȫ
ФƷзһ⣬ôױѵ˵ģ
΢һȣ£
󳷡߬ȭͷ֣ͬһʱɿͷҫ߲ϼĳٿȻʧ
ͬһʱ̣ס̨εƬ֣ȻһˮװСĿ߲ʹâһţͨؿֵİУ̨汻һΪӡ
̨ƴرţͻȻеײһǣɵ˰Уǰһ߲ϼ֮УͬܲͻȻһ󶴣߲ʵĹâһúԶڹâ¡еľ·ڻһ㣬ʧ
ɲһе̨棬ͻȻһ˫ϵĴǰɳ˶ʮףȻˤڵأȵӲ֪Ϊ죬һƬ֮У̨Ȼ׵ơ
һ̣ޱߵĿ־˲û֪
ԭֻ̨ǻϰӣ£Ѿȫʧ׷ɵĴȣ̨汻ɵĲ֫
ҽͣ˺ͷҲ˻ȥеһƳ֮˳ŸǻʧʣģֻŹӲдĺûõѪĭӡ
һϢŭ˫۱ʧȥеĹʡ
СŵѰѪȵļ˻á½Լһ˵Ľ֮£Ӷ³ˣ½Ҳһ԰ףĿӣ
ФƷȥýʷ̨ʬ壬˵֪ùˣעϣֻ²۽ƣͻС
˵˵ͷɫ԰ײ㶼ԼԶ
ǰĹͷðŨ̵ʱ˶Ѿܵǹǵ
᲻أƴʵ
ǵȻˣЩ˷ܵʬϷȥһӡС¡ĹӣǺ͡ħơĹͼúֽһҡӺȵҿҿħŵķǲɱһħŵĸ֣Ǹֳأ
һһһۼȥز쿴
ʱһ𡭡
ֳûҲ֪Ҫɳˣ
˻ȵյʱɢٿȻͷĿɿڴ׹ѡ
ֻһҲ毺ĵӰ߽ɶΨһһŮһﲻͣô򣬲ÿϺƨɨ˵ʱƨ飬ƺܵƨϵĸо

ɽ֮ļһֱڻֵĺС
һƴ칦ھС
вⳡս۵ﶼҹףкȵ
齫칦罻µӴԼ㵽һ徲
ָǿսʤʵʧ˿ϵ̹ʱ˴ùͷ˿۵ͷϡ
սʮλ֣ʥչɽǹ׵ǰɡꡢɽҰϡĪҰ롢ΣΪӢһ㣬˵ľл⡣
ɵԪաͷԮĸƱյ߲ܣȵòֺ
ͷһ˶սڸ֣ĿϽ˾գ֮˲ɽĺ﷢һˤõʬ壬ϳǻʮ֮һʣȫûѰ
ΤЦ졢Тֱ־׷Ӷ࣬ТֱնͷѡͷӴ޴Цʮأʮ졭
͵ϮɽһۣΪᰵţ̹߶һɨգҲһε¼شʧ˿ľʱһ䣬ԭѾʯһ֮˫ꡢɽʯϹأлʿʱ죬Լٵռݳǳأ̹ﻹҶЩĻ嶯֣ǹ廹ƽ񣬶һʧ˿»㵱ľˣʧ˿һʱ֮γ˾޴񳱡
ԴƵļᰣȻʧ˿ˣͨΪ֮ĳӼʦ棬ѾǨΪݼٴʷлԪԣѾߵطٵлԪѾ׼׵Ĵ͵ط֮ڱϣƺƵؿʧ˿
ֵİ£˳ȱٸر϶Ϲؿı߹Ҫ½ʧ˿˻ʸͳ֮£Ѹݵٶô¶Ӧʮ̹ڱ˰˿ڣ֮£ֻýܳ͢ĸıࡣ
лԪչ¶˳ߵ׼ھյĴ֮ԭ̹еĲƲָ̹ƶȶ̹ڵͬʱǽػָڣغϡ͵ص̹ں̵ܶʱڱʧ˿죬ͻ޶޵СͳͻΧ֮ڡ
̹Ĺ屻һɨգڳ͢ޣƵļ֯ذԼֻ֣͢ҪճأԴǮƱܵת˳ֻ˵˵˻ǱŭĻ⣬ĲƸеɣгɽĽʽ𣬶ʽǶڻǿֿħŸ˵ʽ
ʧ˿һȶɽڼɼʱѸ𣬸ֽͬ㽨ɣѧԺΪĵɽǹģ֮һֱͨʮɽĴܿ콨ɣԭðռ԰ʮɽڽٴӭ˻̽մĵرϧҩġ޾ˡҪǮƵɽǣɴ뻪֡
⾪˵ĲƸΪ׵ļУǡɽׯǡˡǡԶɽھ֡Сɣ̼֪Уֵλ֮겻ͬն
ͬʱҲ֪Լʵζ֮ĹϵøӵĽܡ
Ա߽ľ䣬ֻڳ͢ǵĲûͬɽɽֵĹעⲻΪݵʧ˿شƫԶԭԶԵʣΪһɵע
ݡֵһᣬʼڸصԤ
ⳡ궨ɱȨ͵λĴսڸݸٿĵ򣬹Ǳĺڰɣ㳬˽ǧңݡݡݡ˿ܼĴݿУɸǶǧңݱһǧŲ룬Ԥֻ¾Ҫа֮á
Ϊ˱Ϊʧʵ¼ɻǰԭļ𣬲벻ͬı
ɹ־ͼɿʼ໥ıȻʤ߲뵽ɵıԵУǲ뵽ɱ䵱СҲ˵ɵԽߣԽֿջᡣ


184 
׵ɰڵɶҪͷβȫǡһ˫ȡĶڵҲˡ
ϧڵûһ뵽ݡִȵУ˲볯͢ϡ
еУֿգֱӲμӵڶֵɴȣɴȽڴ֮ҪУӸѡΣȻݳǾϳǴȣ֮һʱ䣬ɵĴȡ
Ȼߣʵǿʮԣ߳ȫ濼һɵʵʮγĽ֣ôһ֮ĶԾһսӮ
µ͸Ѫڵӡ
Ҳɵעۺڵ׵׶Ŭµӵʵ߳ȡʤɱʤߣԺʵģǵżв˽ʦǣҲһأԼѹ׵ľͽܣĳһ˵Ҳú쾳ľøӴ̼ͽţҲһ棬̼ѧĲʢͷ١
Ҳˡ
ɽһ۵İ֮˰벽ʯҲ˳Ĳ쾳
˲֮ʣµ˿ʼչأеĸԴͽܳɡͽͽܺбɲμӴ֮ǰȫͻ졣
û뵽ǣ˵ԭʵΪΪ½½ش˫޵طһͻ졣
½Ϊһ˽ڳ޵ɾ£γ˫赵ĸ֣½ҵġ֦ķϡŮĽϣ֣֮ѹڸ֣β֮Ǿˣֻ۷֮¶ֲ˺ȥ
ߴӣڳ˳ɺͺ֮⣬ȫ죬ʵһԾ׼ٲ׸ССˡ
ǰ֮󣬳ɺͺΪޣʯලµϰ䣬׷ɱ༪Ϣȫޣ½ǸԴŹڵʮ뽭һֵ֮á
һ棬ԶڡʥءҶվһɽϣǰ澰

գɣ
ⲻȻľۣͻ֮ʱ
Ҷ绨Сĺ㣬վһɽϣԶԶȥڰͻ͡ǡֶԽΪػڵİȫ
ŲԶ˲Ĥ˼㲻˵ҲǶԽĴޱȡ
ôĺѾָ˴룬иɫأͻȻ֮ͷһûͷûһѯʳ
ҶȻ֪ĺʵʲôһ˵ڣʲôɺڵġ
ĺתͷضҶʵĲڣڿָյ˵ֵưոݣֻͻ󣬱֪⽣񴫳ڲ֮޵еĿʼôһˣô᲻ڣ
ŶôҶȤתͷɨĺһۣĿһתȻһԵ绨УУôô
绨һ촽зδйĹâȵ¸ֻûʲô󳤽ǵû˸ɷ˼
ĺüͷ壬ҶȴǹЦѡ
ĪҪǿССʧ󣡡ĺѭѭ̵һ˵
Ҷ˵ͷǸлĺĵģԶԶڵķȻ˵ĺ֮⣬ĸмѡоﻰһҪ˵һ˵Ҳĺֲţȴ롣
ŶԸꡭ
ĺ֣Ϊ֮£ʲôһ׷룿
벻ҶͻȻѻ⳶ôԶĺ˼άϣǿһ룬˵׷ߣֶѡ
ֻ˶ô
Ȼ󲿷ߣҲ׷Լ
ĺԲǡΪҲ׷ϵ׷ߣȨٴʢҲվи޶ȣΨ׷ߣ;Զޡ
ĺҶǳЦ˵ֻֻ˼ҲŻ˵˿գĿģ˭Ϊ֣гԹԩѩֶֻάһʱйάһģ˴ڣֻǳ˼һ;ҲޣԲߣ۷嶼룬кͻأ̫Թָħֻάֺ컹㰲ȫͻ죬˼ȻΣգͻ֮;ֻ¾߻ħɥʱˣ
Ҷͷͬ˵ĲԳĸջĲֹǵˣԼΪĿ꣬ͷƣĵÿֿԡȷгޣҴѱ𵱳ΨһĿ̫꣬ǳȷ˫գΪŲᱻۣŪľƣȲԹĿֶֺ꣬⣬ȤģҲʣ޾һ;ˡԳ޺ҵĿ꣬ȻΪ;Ȼ׷ۡĺ֣󰡣
ĺٿȻһ벻ǰλͲʮ˾꾹Ȼ˼š
ҶĺĿԶŵҲڣ·ضһɲ֮ڣĻ𣺡ǧ׵ã¼䱾ǸҶϷޣһ;ϣмͬ飬м֣Ҳټįڽˣݡ书ǳǿպĽĶ֣Ȼʧɫ١οɽ˫Ȼֵں춼սʤ죬кξգĪ˵һգкξգ֮ǰӢһ£գ
绨һÿȻЦ˵úãӢкξգ
ҶͷЦ
ʱĺЩ𾪵ؿŶˣĴδй𺳡
һֱĽ׵Ľ̻壬ǸιܷգһֱôѧģôġΪ綼Ϊ֣˶Ϊ˶ţͻȻһ죬һֻѪȴΪǧΣȴΪЩǣ񡭡
ĳڱΣڳе
ҲΪ˱Ϊζڤ˼롢ҹµʱ򣬵ȴһ˿һĲ֣һ˿һĲģ
ޡΣļϣȴʱʱ̿ѹͷ
˵ûûô
Ƿ˵ģһδǳ
ĺ㲻ôҶԸ񣬵ȴĽҶ
˵Ĳ
ֹӣ˵ʱɺ飡
νԼ֮˲ʱӢۻ֮ʿ׷ΪߣȴΪûжֶ
Ž֮ܳʿ˻׼Ӻأ
νӢϧҲȵ
ΪӢۣؽϧɴ˿룬֪ӢۺͬӢ۵֣֪Լֶ֮ߵأ
ÿ˶Ҳÿ˶ͨ⡣
᲻ҺܿЦأҶЦſĺ㣬Ȥʵ
ĺ㵭һЦǶؼ˵ôǡʿŵô
Ҷһ㶣ȻЦ
ĺ㣬Ȼʹõش
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ٰۻһۣжǲԣѯʣȴɤٴؽд䰡
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飬ʦûдö֮ĸ֮ȻĳӡʦһУٵĵһεİ飬ֻһοѣԴһ޵ģҲ޵ģֻлţʵʵڵġ
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Լֺγֻ˿ȸڣʵһֱٿУһرŪš
ǵģʦ𡣡

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˻δ˵꣬Ѿͷ󺹣п־岻ѡ
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ֻҪҶģܹȵྭĦҪԱ֣ǴϢ绨Уܹ׼ȷյ٣˹ϴɱ

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ֶܹ»ܸͥɣסǰһ㼣¶賿ţɣϸֻܵһ磬иԤ׵ĴСҵȫá
Ҷ»ͥǰתܣڿʼ֪ʲô£һæһ߾Ͱֹת˶ã㽥ˡĦ롱֮˽æңΪʲôˡ
󣬡Ħ롱߲һʮҪĻҪٿʢˣǡĦ롱ϯĻšûĽҪڴˣһЩҪ㶼ֵպյĴǰ֮ףǳһµӢܸʿĦƷΧڣͷͬҲ඼Ҫ
ҶĴ̽ѯ֪Ҫμӻ̵Ҫ
ҪΪ棬һĦֱĸִ֣ҡûĽ֮⣬ﻹС̫ꡱ֮ġ׷̫ꡱ̫͡ꡱۣӡգ𻷡裬Ϲӥţͷ˳桱ᣬֵЩǡĦ롱ϵľӢǸɣͶЧʮϵʱ䣬ڽҲպյ׺֮ͽ
һǹ鸽ĦĦ˵ԣҶȥʥء֮ǰڴĦɱԼһ˵ļףݡҾƽϡŰʯ챦ݡΰԳɣԼԵǿ
һЩҶǰûĵطǿǡˮĴ󵱼ҡ˱ΤӡѺ;ҡֳͯɣáĴסܽأסԻ˺Լµλ䱽ᡱͷ硰ѩεͬˣоݵġ̳ܽͷ׿͡µͷ
ҶæţȴλϤܡ
֪ûĽͻȻټ飬˹ģҪӹɣпʹŵһιԡ
֮ĸڳֻ¶Ǵ˵һԴԪĹҶ˵ȻѵԮǱģ֪̽λϢҪԸ޿ġ
Ҫõⳡĸ뷽飡
źʱǳĿʼиʱܹ»ͥ죬Ҳ
ʱˣɭֶ桱֮Уɭϡܣȴʮƽ
Ҷͬһոæһô·µһϣһѽ˴԰ģȻװȻԵõģ۾ȴʱضȥŮǵġ


009 ֪̽ƻ
Ҷװһɫģʵǽ߶ŮڸԼ鿴Ķ
ԼԴŮλζ۹ȴԽȥܵĻͽģ
ūһȡЦֱֳ֮˵ĺߺ첻ѣʵʵϢȻ̲סʱ͵
һΪĳһ޷ҲǹȥңԶ£ҶΪԼݣŪ˸޵ĺɫʱҲʵֻʱ˼ת־ϵæµΣȴϵİгɷȣλȡз¾̹еܡ
ڣһŲ룬˽ҶȻȴװͨȻȵٽūѾע⵽վʱҶæվ
Ҵææȴǹ»ͥһԺ䣬ҶһūͼǼôϢϽȥҪĿҪ̺򣬿ߣߡ
æظɢȥ
ҶϺߵ߲ȣ뿪ͥԺʱƳ֮ĸӰӵ߽Ժ䣬һæңĦ롱ϯĻšûĽȻԴڶĦĸֳӭӡ
ĿˣһǱɭֶĸƿһźɫЫ̥ǵǱɭֶĶЫῥһ·λֱͣԺڡ
ҶĿƳ˵֮ʱͫٿȻһȻϳһǡԭϽǴެʹһˣһٰʮϣǻԣüޣһƺƮȻǰѮңƤ꣬޷⣬Ǿٸɱֻ֣ҲǸеС
ҶҶƣֱӿȣϴûĽЦ֮ɡյüҰ
ɡУ
ҶȻֹȻתҪܻȥٿһۣͣ˽Ųһ㣬תߡ
Ҷעӵʱ̣УٿȻתͷһȣȴֻҶһŵıӰһҵӰκһϤȴøոɨԼ쳣Ϥƺһ˿ⱥС
ǹ£ѵԼֲôģṩԼġη䷨һʲôè壬ȻսʱԼ𷨲гֿ֢״ֶͻԼĸоǳƫ
һ£Ǹղŵĸо
Ҷں֪£һԳ˵ֱɡ
Ÿ֮˶æžۻˣҶٻصС
ڳһҾߵ̬׼õڷпٰںá
·ſǹͷŵԭģֻڶ̶̵ƬȫһˣһľƲȻͬˡ
һڽ£׿ѥɫͷֻ¶ֻ۾
Ȼ̽鲢ףһֵƤӵ£ΣգʱȣȻΣգҶҲ˲ˡ
˶Ŀļ׼пܶԴŻγʱΣԼʵǿҲˡ
Ħ롱Ӳ㳤Ҳ㹻Ҷ
ҶԴѧϰǱֶΣõεòļ
¥תǣľӰݵڣ̬ϵȫƶεƾ壬ټϾṦȫתṦ֮ʱǰιǶԷעУһ̶Ϊֻ⴩ƲӰء
ܿģѾԽˡȺӢáΧܵڿʮĵԪôܲõҶټҶ쾳ṦΪĪοڲ죬־ʯ衱죬
̳һҶѾһķС
һСĶҲܹ˵ڶɼѲŵķߣӲܽСǱ֮ڡ
ȺӢáĴߵݶǼⶥܹмƽıбϺõĺľƳƬ԰ǶΪг͸СбĽǶ£ſظľڵֻҪţ
⴦ȺӢáƣȻСƿĴڸУÿһҾ߶Ǻľ죬񹤡Ϊ
軪ġȺӢáΰڳһԲΣÿ֦̫ʦεм䣬һĸʯСϹ̵ܾˣԼʮλ֮࣬ʱ쳣֣Һϡ
ҶʶĶ䣬עΪȻʱƬг֮ϣµ˵ȫڣ˵û潲Ѿǿˡ
ڣһȵǻȺͻأ֮ڣҿԺչãر̰֮Ϲİٳһͬǰأգʡ
кá
һ𣺡˵òʱĴͷƺҲһǰýһ򾡡ֻǵ˽ʱʵǿҲɭϣǷҷ
ţոյһ˵֮˱˳ΪסҶв²⣬һǡĦ롱áĴסϹӥ
Ħ롱Աӣ࣬оڷֳˡ׵硱ĸÿڣáױǡϹӥԪṩ鱨ʵӦڡ쾳ڵģѧ׵ץ磬Ǻ켶ƷĹʢ
ڵڶɤҶҲӡӦʲôʱʱԶһʱ
ʱʣ𣬻شԽǿǵ˼ͻԽɣΪҲ˵˼ΪǲڴʱҾҲ£ˡɡĴ̰ƺ֣ʦĶ֣һȺ󱲣գĳУֻҪʦһΪҵƾĳֵܺͬΰӰľֳ֣ҪƽԷҲ׾١
Ҷڶɤ֮ˣйһ֮ԵݡΰԳɡ벻ԷڵƹĳȻֱ֮Ħһ𣬹Ȼƹһ͡
ᵽɡУһ󼤶֮Ҳ۷׷׵صͷͬ
ٴĶ࣬˾ӣҹζ࣬Է䣬Ǵˡ


010 ɱ׼
һ䣬ٴαͬ̾
һѹ˵ۣǸĶŵɤ˵Ҳõĵǿڵƾᡯ͡šĽ䱸ȻжΪ˱֤϶ٳȻ׼Ҳý⡣
з̳ѡ˴λ֮⣬С˫š͡Ͽɡ֧á
һҵʱ𣺡ʲô˫š͡Ͽɡ
ո˵ġΰԳٿȻ˰˶ȣʵ˵Ļʵ飿˵Ŀǡ˫š͡Ͽɡǡ˫ͷɽƺֵôϿɡĴ󵱼ҡɽȲҲͷô˵һǵôᡭ
ĶŵĽĽЦʶʱΪܣɽƺϵǳֵܣΪش󽭸ɵĽͨɽһĺҪƣȻҪƺֵඡǡɽȣǸҰĲۣԭ̰Ϊ常Ϊ񡮴šͬҡĦ롯շУǸˣô᲻㣿λģλͶЧѪڽĳУλֵܲˣɾ֮
֮ڣഫɽȵЧ飬ȡЦ֮ڶ
ʱڷϵҶг̾¹Ȼ౳֮Ҹ嵨ʿ˫š͡Ͽɡڹؼʱ̵ıѣƺ̰ıͱһ˫ѡʱٰ̫̰֮ʱΪǴ˽ᡱ͡šһټ˼
׽ѡ֮˼Ϊݶж֮硣
ͬʱҶҲɵ̾һ⡰ûĽȻǸĵĻ֮ʿ򵥼仰ȸ˵ֽЧֳڳɵĲ֮ͬǲֵܣҲǱõСѡͬʱҲ൱˵ߵ³Բù
һ֮˵Ⱥ鼤ܣ׷սѡ
õʱ֣ûл˵ɰɡ
֮ǰֵǣǲӶֵʱ
ҡŰԸļȷ棬ɣ
ҡˮҲˣɣ
ôɣҪժƺԴ
ӦԮԼʤľ棬˷׷ȣҶ֪ⳡɱ֮У˭Խ󣬵õĺôԽࡣ
ᡱεˣ
š鲼ݶȦ
һ˴ѵķ⣿
ĽĶŵٴβػڸе˵ãλҵ⽯ĳмԤõĸѾдֽУλҲǰȡҵ˵ΡֽڵжֻԼ֪λĪͨⱻȥ֪ҷжƻ
˺ȻӦűǸԳǩ
ûĽһ֣ÿ˵ɢֻһ໥֮䲻в¼ɣҲû˺˱˵˼ûȫƾԼжĦһʤ̫ҲЩжĽԣûرҪ񣬻˵رҪʵѾܽϣǰôĿģǰЩôҪɡ
󣬡ûĽ˵ɢڸصķ֧ҷŹһжȫ϶磬νͷСˡᡯ͡šǵϸЩͷķ֧ҲҪ壬ɢҲҪɢˣһǵٻرʰо֣Щɢ
⣬ȫϮšͬʱҲǵֳһŸءᡯÿܣֻҪ˻زʹ˿Ϣ빶ӵĻᣡ
˺ȻӦŵ
ҶѾ֪жջˣȥʱһǱˡȺӢá
ٶеļɣҶǱס

˶ĸ־ۼڴˣ֮ȻȺ硣
ɭֶ浱УֻСȺӢá쳣ȺӢá֮Ǿɭϡ
ƻͨʮˣЦȭ֮ｻ㣬˸߲ң·ǽ칦һ㡣
Ҷ˶ǰ߶ţڷвóš
ѲסҶʩչṦûиѲ£Ǳ˱ɭֶ棬ѡһشլԺĻ԰УдõϢڼɽʯУȻ֪Ǳ˱ɭֶ档
ֱҹһθΪߴӰǱ˽ȡ˼ɽʯеϢ
˵Ȼ绨УҶԼ˽鱨ĵص㣬ѡһЩĺլϢഫݣȴΪ˰ȫײ档
Ϣв绨뿪ɭֶ棬ǰݣҵƺĴݸ̫ӣ¹ϵش󣬳ƺ֮⣬Ҷ֪˭İȫ
һĦ롱ɭֶһ糣İûκ״·״
죬Ҷ׼ĵڶƻɱ
Ŀ꣬ˣŰʯ챦ԼˮĶҡֳͯɣǼƫǿǺɱļȷ档
ճȥ¡
Ҷ̽ˣˮҪһ죬á䱽ᡱ̳ѾϯɢԻȥˣȥԼɵһ׼ж
Ħȫﲻ͡ɡеһֱס˵ݣӦҪĦ뷽һͬжʱǲ뿪ġ
ʣգǸӣĳЩ˵δȻ෴Ȼǲ֪
ϣҶԺƽʱһڷȥڵ£㿴̲ŵľǱҪˣ˳ľԼ¶һɫı飬ֱðе˺Ů񷴸С
ûԸӽҶҲһֱѦͷ߶
ճĹʱԺ磬Ҷ»ͥ˵һ԰ȶɢɢģΪǡƿӵˣҲǸ书ľ»ͥҲûй࿼ǣͬ
԰
Ļ뾰¶ǵһģĶţһְݵĸо˲Ҫһᡣ
˵ǰǸٹ˵լԺĦǿж˹ȥλԱֱӱιʣļ˵ûΪѣ뿪ֻʵݵ档
ʵĦж཭ʲôǣ˵һףɱЩ޴͢һϢӾôŰ裬ô
Ҷ԰ﴩУ뷨Ҫ԰ǱǱߵľḽŻɱȥȽмע⡣


011 ɫֵͷ
Ҷ԰Ĵй䣬ʵյĿıǸһžᡣ
СʯҶй߳˰ʮ·ǰһԻһ컵ɬ˷ܣͬʱŵģѹֵЦ
Ҷһ䡰ùû뵽ﾹȻһѰֵҰԧ졣
ֻĵطҶʮ׵ľ룬Ťͷߣֻһ书ͨˣҪɫСͨôܻʮԶѹֵ΢أ
ҶֻװûԵõɪɪǰߣʵжԷĵطΪעĦڭ޹չޣѾܹǵʮϵľ룬ʱ
ͬʱаֱֹװû߹ȥá
뵽˴˴ҶǴ˼֣һݺһΣ͸©һ
ҶСӽǶҰԧȻͣ˶Ҷ߹ȥٽԼĺ¡
ۼٹһ䣬ԵһСֱ߹ȥԴһ֣һľḽ
ʱ֮ͻȻһģǴžζһף
һססҶ΢΢һҲеֹԼʲôôԷԼҵʲôɵĵط
һ£ֿ֦Ҷ𣬽һԴ٬ɤ𣬺ȵι㣬վס
ҶװһӣٿȻͷװܾӿˣһ˵òҶҲһ
ҲҶˣɡеķͽܡǡ
ֻԷӣ֪ëַˣֻĸŮȴԼ
ֻԼòԷôϵóأ
ʱſӣ˫Ŀ㶢סҶϡ
ҶûڣƤһƣǣ֪Լʲô˼ҿۡ
֣ԣ㣬ҹһ¡
ҪһҶֻǱ˼վסˣͷһֵ̿ģλүСģʲôԸ
һֱעĿ֮ԽȫȥٺһЦ˵л㡣
ӲͷƤٳǰĥҶװС¼Ҳ֪صķģֵǣү
ǼĥĥӣͻȻȵ㵹ǹѽôԶĻҪôүֱź㺰ǲǣûйūţTMDѧūŶô
ôһҶһ
˼Ӧòϳʲô顭
ҶŻŵСܹȥͷһڨЦ
ӰһҶ۹඾ֻһ£϶ԷţҶһ۾ϳŮӵݣǡƿŮ
ҶʱЩֱһTMD˵ɫһǲȻƿŮˣ㵽͵ҰսTMDе
ȻԼЩŵ㣬ҲԼϳ˵ƿ֪˵ϾʦĦϱС֤ûУһ϶ȥ
ʱһߣ¿һۣͻȻЦ˵Сӽ˴ˣСүڷСүſڵϡ
ҶһĪλүǡ
ǲһЦⶼôٺ٣СүǹĹؼʱ̣ϧλòãûƽĵطڵѻҵСˣ̸ֵܵǣ˳һֵҵ磬Ҳʶʶ˽ģٺ٣Сүĸˣ˵Ҳ֣һռˡ
Ҳү
ҶٿȻеڵһȭɫԴ
ҲǾ˭ҲûϵλȻôҪ˼
СֻǸľҪǲþСȥһŴҶѹŻҲʼ˵˵
еˡ
TMDʲô£ԼҰսñӵµӡTMDỻλ
ǡ
TMDҶеԴˡ
TMDʲô
ϱӼⱲӣΪ˶û˵
Ҷһܾǲˣɫʱһ䣬ŭTMDͷôأΪСүĦˣָʹôСүĦĹͣ˵ָʹ㣬ɱ㶼ûͷǷĶ
һſӣһָͷҶԴ
ҶͷĵүˡҡôĵӣΪҪ죬ԲżҪϿԸ뿪ңҾûаʧġ
ٶ˵䣬Сү£һűѵ
ֶҶ۾ϸƣ޵һĭTMDģôô죬ӦҲôӦӦҲôӦͳ˫ù۾СүͲһ۾Сүһˣ
Ҷ͵һˣԼıòȴԸıϰߵʱʱͻ¶ˣֻءС˼ֻ̫࣬Ǿ죬ûĻɣǳ
뵽˴Ҷ滹ģ˽Ѿɱ¶ɴݾߣҲбҪҰԧ͹
Ҷɱģ滹ڸǳƤĹһ߻һ죬λ벻ֵΣŵøϽһ˻ԣĶӡ
ѽǣTMDСܣ
ɫֵͷܣȥŭһʱҶŻûϵϵĿӣչ׷ȥ
Ҷд
ϽҲһͷﲻֹͣšTMD޵˼ĭҴ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ɱжǸͻˣҪǲΪ£Ҷһƽˡ
ӴʲôУ
ϼƵĿյͻȻƿҶһۣûͷҲŭطɱ˹εһЩϵˡ
Сӱܣ
ҶװԾֻعͷTMD㻹ûˣ
ֻǴӿ˹˻δŭǸ˶Сүĺ£ҪһͲ֪ҡүү
ҶڵؾͳаTMDǸ
붯֮ʣͻȻɫһһֱӶ㿪ǵһȭȻװŻ˵ģšүͬʱƴ
һգͻһ񣬼ҶˤڵأÿǶԷãԼһȭŭȥҪ׷Ҷ
ʱӾͷһȣ
ס֣


012 ɱɹ
ؼʱ̣ӾͷͻȻɭֶͷĿ˶Ǹһ쾳ΪҪһЩǺԲġԪʮ졣
ҶֶЩʱգϵöԷһǡơ棬һǡѸȡַ˲Ǹĸ֣ǡؾһŵ
⡰ؾ񡱵ٺҶһֱڲϲελá
ûеϡ񡱵֣ŰɱЩؾ񡱸ֶ׾٣ôƾʲôЩֶûƫƫǵĺַҪŪؾ񡱳أؾ񡱵ʲôأ
һֱҶʣֱĺ֮ĺĽͣҶ֪⡰ؾ񡱵Ҫԡ
ԭ⡰ؾ񡱲ֻ书ߵ͵쾳˵塣
ܹԼд⡰ؾ񡱵ɵĸ˵ȴǷ
Ϊܹ񵥣ζŶԼлᲽ֮⣬ͬʱҲζԼδпܻҵһݲķչᡣ
Щ˵ܹϡؾ񡱣ȻһЩҪֵŷɵעӡҪ֪ؾ񡱵ǿߵ书Ҫߵ͡ǱȵȸҪأһָܹϡ
ЩŴԼĴУҪĸɡ
һЩŷ̼֡ڵ˵Щмܹ쾳ߣһݼΪҪԴԼһĸԼһ죬ΪЩĹǸɡ
ĸ䣬ϰ仨֮ȻţûǿȫֲѶȽͶһǿԼҳϣȡԷԼӽ쾳ļʡ
ؾ񡱸ڵ֮䣬˫Դһļϡ
Դˡؾ񡱿ʼл켣ڵ֣ʱ򣬶Сؾ֮ϡ
˵ܹϡؾ񡱵İ񵥣͸ѧĺһһ˹ôһպݼֵȫһˡ
⡰ơ͡ѸȡַˣԴΪĿģͶĦĺ֡
ոպֹǵǡơ棬ֻ֮ĵʵףԭǹүүˡūŵôǵˣСʶƲǻƸšүɮ濴棬ĪҪΪһƸ˺
ŶСӾȻǻүˣǵǳһ벻ò˵ˣȻǡƿţֻǱ澪죬ԳԻƿأ˽һƲ죬TMDСүƿŮ˶ϣһˣҡ
СӵԽԽǸ˵
ݣֻΪоǰƲ̫Ҷŭв˿
Ŷԭǻү˰ô˵ᣬᡭ
̷ЦҶļ˵СֵܲҪţǳˡ
˵˷ĵĻȴΪݣÿĻ϶һֱͨˣʱû£ʵͱˣò˼ڷ
ôһ֣Ҷװ֪ȴɱʢ
ɫתң硿еġڤ񹦡ǵƾ˸һɶɫ䡢ͬʱмعΪ˵ע£Щŵӳ԰
мЦһЦ롰ơ͡ѸȡֵַܵشһƬ
Ҷʱո߳԰ͷһʱķаСӵͨˣӦ֮
죡
֮ڣһҪСӹԼû͸ֵԼˣ

Ҷ˽жʱȣжûá
ҹʱ
ҹɫ
Ҷȫĺɫ¿Ь࣬ɫʵʱ·ֻƵһǼҳһǺºڿҹ¡
Ҷ븮֮ʱܴһѱľƬ˺ϣĽ
׼׵ҶǳܵǱľӴһ·԰һߡ
žᣬУסšſơʯ챦Լֳͯɡ
Ķ˼ڿҶžҲһţ̽ϤСµ֮ڣ߼סʮˣˮĶҡֳͯɣͷһ
ڱܹһѲ߶֮Ҷ־һᣬȷûʲô˼ܵΣֳͯɷĴڣḧĴ˨
һϸ죬ľ˨ѱԽ롣
˭
һƬڣе˷Ӧȴó棬˨֮ʣҶ˫ŻδմأһĿٿȻ
ͬһʱ䣬ɤѾͬеҶ
ֳͯɵĳеһٿȻ֣ȻǣڰѨ׼ֱҶԴؿдѨ
죬Ҷ졭
ҶͬȣһƬӰУбľƬںڰڹһƬֳͯʺͬʱӣݺס˲䲶׽˷öнײǽ֮ǰȵؽֹס࣬ڵϹ֮ԶԱ˲ˡ
ʱҶľѾֳͯʺڡֳͯյ˲䣬һ˲仮ʮŵγһֶϣ
ڽƿֳͯչ¶˵似δŲڴ˶֮ȴ˹ԭǧѸ㣬Ṧ
һ˵֮Ȼ˫һֻ糤׶ĸ˿ף⸶Ҫĸ˿Ƕ׶иơɻצ
ǡֳͯɵıɱ
˫ǰжѣŵǴֳͯɵӲġɻצˡ
Ҷ΢ƣ̽ڻóһȦȦĹ⻡Уѿɹ⻡ݷ𽣺£ҽԺ
ҶֿңƵáֳͯ޷ȣֻܷ˫к˫Ʒɣͻľƺ죬䷿ȫ𶯣
ҶһľֱֳָͯüģṦ£ƮɶӰںڰٿȻʧ
ֳͯɴ֮£ȫȥȻ䣬ǰĿǰͻȻγһڶһ㣬ǿȻֳͯպӵαӲǰ˹ȥδȾг͡죬ֳͯɶͷٿȻһѪ⣬ľƬ­ֳͯе
Ҷһᴩֳͯ­ǣβأᶶֳͯѸ׹壬һ׵˴ϡ
ҶݡṦת۷򴰻һУݺס𣬴˲򿪣ͬʱޱҲٿȻҶʧڴ֮Ʈɵޱ£ֵͯʬ֮ϣסĿ۾
ʼգҶûڷ½Ųûһӡ


013 д
һСֳͯɣҶûҹɫУһƮɣȰƮǰһžᣬžĵڶ䣬ǡŰſơʯ챦סˡ
ǣʯ챦ķ䴰Уȴ͸˹ʾδ˯ߣѾ𴲡
ΪԱΪڶġŰʯ챦书ֱ뻯Ѿ쾳ڵڰĳ֣λ롰ֳͯɲͬն
編ƵҶ״֮²ЩԥѸٿţ֪Ҫƶأʱıƻ
ʱɫѾٽ
֮ǰΪڰһ̡
֮ûлᣬôҶĴɱжҪһˣΪֳͯɣпܻڵһʱ㱻˷Լǲ׼ãпܻᱻֶߡ
ʱƣδȥ֮ǰĿȴѷӰеݽǱ߲ȥӺ濴Ҳϳֻһʯ챦Ӱ
λʯ·˫ҡڣͷ죬Ǵһһģ
һˣҶҲüͷ壬ȴͬݵλݡΰ콭Գɡ
ǡſơʯ챦ǡ콭Գɣľ֣Ҷһ˶ұȡʤͬУҶǲò¡
΢һ£Ҷ˼ƽϣȸȥ˵
һǱи٣ҶһԻ󲻽⣬δλһʱĴ󵱼Ҫȥȥʲôأ
߳ٲ֮⣬һƬСС䳡ܿտ԰Ǳľ֮⣬һĿȻûʲôڱΡ
ƬСС䳡שмɢЩʯʯľ׮мܣ泤ǹͭꪵģ˼õġ
طӦþƽʱĦ롱һɰϰõġ
ʯ챦ԳվסһɵϢĹȻ󣬶ʼ仺
ʯ챦ԳǷСŹĽ飬һֱΪҥ벻Ȼˣ˴ʱȻδǰżϰߣһСܹΪһȻǰ׸ģ㲻һֵܹġ
ʱЩһ㱡ڿиš
ҶԼһϡĻֻ֮һ԰ݵİСѣڰ죬ǾΪڱεģ˼ȴǿڵ١ҶСǱϢΪϢĸǿֶΣֻҪǱۿΣ˵Ĵڡ
ڣɻݶ𽥶̱ӣҲԽԽ죬ԽԽգۼ䣬˫ѻһţӰתɣڻƴĳˡ
ֻȴʹð
ǣҶ֪Ρϰ˻Ծͼ֮һԣҲÿϰ߲ɻȱĿѧˮۣˡ
Ӳçĸֱ䣬ʽзУ޴ɵӵӹ׸ֵսܽ书ʽЧɱΪˡ
ʯ챦ԳɣȭŹ
ſơʯ챦ġſơ󿪴ϣǧȽʽʵһһʽſգʯÿһƶȫľеһΪۺ񣬿ʤĵ䷶
콭ԳɣŲ߳纣̽צƷ鶯۳ȭצƣһ˵Уʽ䣬ɿ˵еɱС
ʯӶʽսѸݣɱһʱ
ҶƵƵͷвɵЩΪ
ǵɱҲԽԽʢĵˣǷſֽţԼһĸ
Ӱѷֲ˭˭ˣֻʽľХͣųܵתӰէϻ룬ٿֺϵģ˾ûתŴʣڳѾֻʣӰˡ
ͨУѾԱ˭ʯ챦˭Գˡ
ѲҶ۾ѾӴǰɹ۾ӳڿȶΣܹóһ˶³
ж˵ıȶο
ҶһʱעӣѾʯ챦书֮ߣȷѷͬСɣƳһ֣˵һжݵԳɣҲ似տĴʦͬǵлɫӡУ似ѾѹĦġ̫ꡱˡ
ľãȻûзֿǵ˼ҶԥǲǵһĴɱôˡ
ڴʱһЦǡſơʯ챦һƻ콭Գ˰ʮ׸ߣʯ챦󣬱ڴʱЦôӣûӳ֣⿿ʽġ֡ôҡſơĶأȲ̫Զˡ
ǡ콭ԳЦʯӣǿ׳ռüơӰĳץ
콭Գһȣ֮䣬Ȼʯ챦ƷдУ˲ʯ챦ǰȭӣٶȼ죬Ҷһʱ׼Щ۾ſơʯ챦Ȼһæңϲ᲻صؽ˺ü£ϻǲ䣬ӷӣƴôⱱɭֶ֮ڣҾû˭Ʒ˵ʤһ
һ仰Ҷȴ˼ٿȻ´ϲˣ
ξˣҶǸϲǿ󡢲ϲˣʵϣ֮ҲǸϰòˡ
˵ˣҶǸϲ£Ҳµ
ץԷеһ˿ᣬȻҪ£ðһ
͵ʯ챦ͬԳɲòֺ֮ʣбһڵӰӣһͬʱɤźƹݵĴֺɤЦôøʯӣϷһ¸аɣ
Ҷ˻֮֮죬ŹӰһӣԿնʯ챦
ͬʱ˫һţ趯Ѥõ̬ʽ˵ÿ
ңɾɽ÷֡
Уʯ챦δ˭ԼˣԷȴԼһֻñʵûʹһ˿һ
ͳ޵ı֣һʱҲʯ챦ûвµǵ͵Ϯֻ΢΢һȴ̣ӦָԷ˼УܵԷʽҹ䣬ɵþһͬʱЦù򣬲ֵ֪һλֵܣ
βܹʯ챦ӦʵҶװ̫񣬲ʹı͵Է˵Լ޵⣬ҶľٶôĳĦĸʯ챦ŵĻ֮Ϊ̶дġ
òֹװİԭ˵ݣӦʯ챦չ棬ֵ˼


014 ɱɹ
ʯ챦ĴӦһʻﱩ¶ࡣ
ҶиܣһУٴε࣬ЦʯˣϷһֹոûãСӭôǲǺţƤƣӦս
˵б絶ֶ£
ʯ챦ΪǸͬ׼ЦһٿȻܣһ߿ȵĵ֮ãẦ£С
ſơʹƱХһʱһСС䳡Ĵ롣
ʱʯ챦ֵԳҵ˳Ȧ⣬ĨŶͷˮĳȦţЦ˵Ǻǣ챦֣ҿ˳ǹƽСӣ˵ݽһС֮󣬾ȻֶԷǧ괫У˼ҵأЩУŶã͵ֵ԰ˣ
ҶЦȲϣҲϣ˵鶼ǰԲϣǲˡ
Ҷ϶µһת˫ƻΪǧٸӰУ֯ƿպХ֮ڶϬޱȣ
ʯ챦һźŵĴЩɫ⧷ܿҶһйɫЩ΢㳵˵Ϲˣôзģ
ҶԾֱǰ壬һץʯ챦ǰץʯ챦һ˫ƽƣƾҶĹҶȴ˫֮ʱһ࣬ͬ෭һ㣬Ʈʯ챦Ҳ󣬶֮죬˼˫ִָɽһʯ챦̫Ѩһ̶ָԷߣʽ
ʯ챦Ȼһ벻Ҷз˺ڻûл£һûӳ֣һҲ˳ܲġ
ʯ챦¼˫б䲻ݷĿҶ˫ָͬʱðŭ߳Ϲˣʲô
һôָճڣǰ˫ֱָ֣ʯ챦˫ۣ
ҿдջӵô
һ֮£ʯ챦һ˫ӥ壬󣬷ܵ䡪
վǱߵԳɻڹЦϸ磬ֹڵģȻӵʹˡ
Ѿ϶ǰĺǡҾƽдվȻʹˣʯ챦𱬵Ƣ˳
߳ףʯ챦κٹ֮£Ķžѧſա
һгѾ֮дˣʯ챦һг֮󣬾ˣЮšˡĻײ죬һһŭΣ䳡϶ʱӿƵХ
һԿϷԳ㶵ʯ챦湦ԻȴҲĵĽеιʯԼٵѽϹʽҲֻ˵ʧ˹أáſաأⲻġ
Գͬ͵ģǸˣƺҲûϵʯ챦ѡͻȻŭһڰյٿȻһƬ̣ۼʯ챦Ŀӿľ㵽˸ǰʱþȫҲԶˣ
ֻʱʯ챦Գɣûע⵽ѡλǱԶʱѾһ߹̫ڼ
Էвͻ֮ɫʯ챦ʱûڣŭĻٿȻʧҶѵʯ챦ѾˣʮֵİûڣƫбԼ
ͬʱʯ챦дԼ³çȻΪһС±֣ȻҲ׼ΪԼһʱķԹأ
ʯ챦ƫҪͷλѡ
λһµѣҲڴʱȻ¼׹߾˲ԭʧĴ
ͬһʱ̣һ߹̫¶ͷ
ʯ챦ŤתǰһƬ۾ԾһС
ʱ̣
Ҷٴֳȴʯ챦ʽϡ̫̼۾һɲǣ˫մغ򣬡ķء
һŵҶǰʯ챦һ˫ӵһ˲䣬Ҷ׺ݵһƣٿ
ǣӰֱ
ҶƲͣŲմأһ۷ٿȻԶ
ʯ챦ȴ֮ʱһ£ȻӭŶ̫
һԹսԳɴʱлڹҶԶȥıӰùϹˣʯƷŵôܣûȣ
ЦԳɶȻʯ챦˵ǣϹ˵ṦȻ˵ز󲻵
ЦתűԼʯ챦ظЦ˵ʯôԼּоȻ˵ȥҲ¶ˣмʱһϹˣСۣǾʹԹǣǺαء
ߵʯ챦Գɴ˸˵ʯҲϹǸ˵ǹ𣬲Ǻôõ棿㿴㣬ĪҲͷˣ
ʯ챦ʣƷ粻
Գɷŵʯ˴˶ϷˣһС£αҵķϣͶٰ
ʯ챦Ȼ޷Ӧ
Щʹĺ˺ߣԳһʯ챦ͷʯ󵱼ңǽѿɡ
Գһʯ챦ͷԭֱٿȻԳɵĻС
أλ콭Ŵͣ˵һĻҲһҭغУۣסһĿʯ챦ʧȥ¶ȵʬ壬ԼѪĿı顭
ٿȻһ𣺡ʯ
ʯ챦׵˲䣬͹Ŀ졢ѪĿֲ״ټӣԳҲ֪Էҵˡ
Сֱֵཻ꣬һĸ飬˲ŷ
ƱҧһڣԳȻ˷һţҶĵطǣﻹӰĴڣ
ҶѷɶԶˡ
һƬտһƬļţ˵ȥʯ챦ֻԳԼղǸɫӰѺڤڤ֪ˡ
գ峿ıٿȻɢػůһƬ
ʱԳȴһƬ
ǸͬȣƮõӰԳ˲ĥӡ
ԳŤ˫ĿϢųӱ׷ϣһ˫һӣһ˻˵ļֺСˣһҪҵ㣬һҵ㣬һҪɱ㣬Ҫɱ㣬Сˡ
ĽкǱ˳˳һ峿ĺɪɢƮ˳ȥԵԽɭ
ǣ峿֮£ڱɭֶУ߳ȲӰ˷߷ɱ
ܻķɱ

С䳡ϵĲҾڱɭֶ֮һƬҡ
Ǳߣۼ˸ˣӣ߲ͣʲô£ֻҪһ⸱龰ӰܳòС
ֶеĸֶǼһҲ֪˭ӵھĴֳ֣һ׷չ
С䳡ΪģͷָĦ롱ÿһ䡣
ɫ»عľƲϵҶҲһģͬڵǶһָָ㣬һͨҽȻڸĴ߳£ֻɢ


015 ɱ
ҶصСԺûãԺ޲ļӣŲҶ̧ͷ֪˳˹
Ҷۼ⣬ϳһǡƿλ֮һȻԪӣһλǻƿ£ġֻۡ޽
˽СԺ֮󣬾ֱҶ˹
Ҷæλ밲
ͬʱвЩ㷲
գۼǰԪĿ⵭ɨҶӣûзκ״ҶԼװ˼š
ǲ֪ԼݵģǷṩģԳ飬ӱ㲻Ѳ³ҶΪֻʱҲϵڳһüģм⡣
ƿʱҲɫأҶ޻޵̾˿Щƣ˵ЩȲҪ޲ˣϽץʱһ̨λɡTMDĵжЩûõӻֲߵݵλղǵõĲϣҴƵ̨λҲҪһЩ֮ڸŪʱأģһ˸ġʲôҪֱӸ޽˵
ԭ鰡
벻Լʯ챦ֳͯɶ˵죬ʣµĲҲҪԼź°ȫ׷ˣ
˻үСı֤׵ġϻʲôԸ
ƿ˵ͷ˵ûˡСӼסƽʱûҵķԸҪܣڷǳʱڣṦСӳȥҲûãǱᣬŪûöСԺײȥ
СףҶ
ƿԵЩǡ
û취˭Ǹɭֶ氲ȫ߳أô飬Ƿ©Ǻ˸
Ҵɱֳûκõĺۼɾ䡢еܳɱΪ
ʱڹ»ͥҲ漱ҴҵؽһƿڴˣʹٵʣүλϵܣǱ߿ǳʲô¹ʣ
һְȫ񣬷˸ͨ»ͥĹ¶޷ͨµˣ»ܸͥ£Ҫ磬ȻҪҸĻƿ¡
˵ֻ˼ûرҶϾʱҶﲻǲ书ˣͨѾ˵ˣȴ֪Ҷ˫Ѿ˵üΪ
ػصŹߺͲϣΪ̨׼ȴһ̶ûзɣ˵ȫ˸С
ƿĨ˰Ѻɤŵɲǳ©Űʯ챦ڸղŲ֪˭ƽ԰ˣǣʱΰԳɾߣؿʯ챦һֺ࣬ǺǵĳšͷTMD¶࣡
Ҷ֮׶Էûзֳ֡ͯɵʬ壬˵ɱٷһʬ壬͹ͷ۵ˡ
ܹ»ͥáǡһæѽԹԣʯ챦ſơʯ챦ǲĴôֶɱˣܲ³ֵ˭ô
ƿûĺһֵ˭TMD֪ء
ƿһ˦һȥֱһŸ޺õĺľһ۾̫Ѩһͷʹģ
»ͥ߳һ䣬ЩεЦ
һԷǵТ۵ġ˷ۡ޽Բ˵ѽ£ɲ֪⶯ֵ治˭ַֿҺݣʵʵֻһ棬ʯ󵱼Ҳеĸ֣һơ඼촷ۣ
»ͥһ£ֲֿ֮ɫǲˣطֵ˿ǲ࣬òƺ̰Զֵİɣ
ƨƿһķֱŭ˳ִӻͳӶ»֪ͥӣƵؾ֪ҽͷϽҹ
»ͥٺЦһ߽ӹӣһ˵ⲻǺúúãҲ˵Ҳ˵ˡ
ƿŭ˴޽һۣŵô޽æͷ
»ͥ߳СԺƿֵ˵TMDߵĶͣ˭һ飬һĶһ֮˭ܵᷳ͸үöҳҲȥʡүǷģ
ԱߵˣҲֻԪ˵仰ʱ˹ȥ˵ĪҪ̫Ͼ˸һҪμжĸ֣ܹɱʯ챦ɱǣ˵ܲôжδչ˲ⲻ⣬˵᲻ǵжѾǰǱ֪ˣ׼ӲֶԸǣ
ƿ΢е۾ٿȻһѰ˼Ƭ̣˵жڼΪص׼ģĸλҲֵƻʵʩ֮ǰλҲ֪жεļƻҲֻǱټ֮ɽĽģǰӦй¶ȥǡ
ʲô
λжԷ̽ӣڶǰʱ򣬲Сй¶١ǡƿ۹һ¶һû˵
ҶϢǴӽĽԼй¶ȥġ
ƿĵ¸Ľйڣ򲻻ô¹ʸǰ¶˼Ц⡣
ĽǴˣƿǴİȫϣȫ⣬ĽȻƿջƿҪǰѻɵߺͳµղ鵽Ľϡٺ٣֮ɾе˼ˡ
ƿ¶ԴֵЦݣӦþΪ뵽°ɡ
Ҷһɵһ˿ƽϡ
ߡѵƬֵͣܳȥǷµķ֡
ƿվŶ˳ԺȥߵԺſڣͻȻһԴ۷Ҷ׹һȵͨţ̨λǵ͵ǱȥպˣŪˣץⲻҪԵ࡭
Ҷæţͷʾס

磬췭ظһĻɭֶ档
ʯ챦ĶδƽȴӷˡֳͯɺԼķС
ǣϷ־޵ڱȫ꣬㤲֮ˡ
⻹ȫ
ȥ̳ܽͷ׿͡µͷ߳ȥģڱ̧˻
ĸܣŰײѪʪ˰ײһƬϡϡһء
Ⱥ뿪˱ɭ֮ڰ·ϱ˽ɱģ׿͡İӶĵ÷飬ҪѪͷѩ׵ͷȫ𲻳ݡ
ͷع飬յʱصǱһ֮շɵġ
׿͡ڵˮƽ㲻ߣͷҲǺ۷ĸ˱˲֮ȡ֮ǿ󣬿֪
Ҷ붼룬֪绨а·ɱȺˡӽɱλǴӱɭǰݵ·һ۾֪绨Ǹһ˳·顣
µĦչֳܶ׵飬ǣͬǿնãͷԡ


016 ˭
Ҳ֡
Ҳɱߵ֣ɱ˶ҲֻƾŲ²⡭
Ѿȥ˻֪Щǲ˵ġ
Ħ롱£ȫȻޱߵķŭС
ΪֻǳɱԿ־岢û٣ֻǶͬŵеŭԵ˵ķŭǣ˷ŭ֮⣬޲ˡ
ʵڲ²͸Ǹɷʲôˣ书ôǿ䣬ңµ˾Ȼڽ䱸ɭϵġĦ롱֮ͬǣȷǷ˼ˡ
ڣĦ롱ķѸϽŰ͡ˮҲóЭͬչ䣬󲿷˼ţǸ̿Ѿڵ֮˱ɭˣоͰûĽ
ȺӢáڣûĽѾټν飬ͣѯ׷ĽչΪˣҪΪÿһԱİȫ
ûĽǿҪƿ콫ȥ׷̿͵䣬Ҫעڸڣ֮ǿ֣˴ɱѾǼΪˣôܻе
ΪȫܵĻƿȷڵİȫ֮취ȥ̽̿͵ݣ׷ڸڰȫȷʱðȻ׷ڷɢʵץ˵ĸʲͣڷȴ˰ȫ©ȫпܱٴץס֡
˸ּ֮ҲǻðɣȻûгͻ˫ﶼǼΪĽȻȨǿҪƿͷһԼĲ²᲻׼ʱץסξֻԼ
ԣɭֶİȫϹʱȫɻƿ

ʱ졣
ʱҶûκжֻǴԼСԺУ콫Ҫʹǫ̃㰸ߵλ
һ죬ææҶͻȻӭһλ֮͡
ǡ
ֻǿԷЦЦҶ֪СԼ֮ǰһЩϲɱ֮󵽷ֳٿһ֪ϤƲǰǰҲϷŪȡЦԼһ˳Լˬһ¡
ǲ΢ЦҶ˳һƬľƬһڨЦӭȥ˵үСļү֪үкηԸ
ǹһЦǰҶļ˵ûʲôûʲô˳
۹Ժһɨһ˳˹ȥһ黹ûֵλҼһãŪҶһֳ֪ʲô硣
ǷȥľƷоϵĸʽƣƵƵͷ̾Ƿĺ
Ҷаһﻹʸ̩һǸľ񰮺ô
ڣͻȻתһ˷ܵʵ֣Ǻǣľ̵ֵ̨ô
ҶľȻͷ˷Īҿˣæӻͳһ˵м֪ܷǳɹҳƽʮΪл
ʲôôأ
Ҷһʱ棬ӹһɫʱӰװ۱һẠ̇һȦ죬ɫ粻
ֻⷽɫĽϣһߣ滨ƽأطԱߵ˵ͷȻԸҡεԶתơ
谡
Ҷһߵ֮£ӿŭ𡭡
ɧӵʲôˣ
ҶɤӸɰͰ͵ʵү⡭ʲôʱҪ
Ц˵ÿꣿ
Ҷ룬죡
һ㶣뵽һǰ˵͵ǲɱ
ȵؿסҶļͷЦֵܣдãһϸҸϳҸƽ𡭡
Ҷ̧ͷǵ˫ۣǳЦȻˡǺðɣ
ҶĿתضԼûصһɫһ䣬ʧһЦҶ˵ѽֵܣ۾ĺһˣ񣬺񡭡
ŶǸүô
ǰɡмûˡ
˶ү˵һҪȻôأ
ǹЦ˵С˵ĶԣҺǳǳ⼸ܻúãܻٳǰΪôʦɽأĺ
ǵӣҶٺֱЦаððСӣ۸ûŹڵԼҲûŹһԼ֮ȻǲݵĽ֡ٺ٣ȻˣͲҪֵүĺˡ
ҶҲǰڳһЦ˵ү˵ⶫܣСľȫ֪үҪʲôĲʣеԵģģǼӲء
۾з쵽һ˷ܵ㵸ȱߣͬʱߴٵֹȻ˲ţ̸̸
˵껰һ˦ֱȽСݡ
Ҷһ߬˱ľƬ󣬱˽ȥ

һУǱ˷ܵĴ鿴ʵι˵˵ľƷﰡүһ
ҶǳЦ߽ֽϣ˵ݲ輸ϣָľϣѡ
侲ƽֻλֻԼİסע˿ûие˿Ĳף˷߽ܵݣڲ輸϶żľͷȥ
ľͷ٣ʮ㣬еءһذɫľ˷˵
Ҷ˵ǰľ󡭡
أ
ڻ̴ɫ̫ãӰȤ

ƻ棬᲻̫ӲˣӰ촥С
һƲ죬˵˵ʲôľͷá
ҶеıľƬľ˿ɢаĹƽӲʯǱӲӵľƻεһ㶣ҶĴ˵ѡɡ˿ľħ˵λûƣϼӿĲΣǷѰʹá
ǿҶ۾ͻȻеһ˿־壬۾̫ǸˣЩηʵ⣬
ǲҶааһЦ˹ײģǲ
ɫٿȻһ䣬ЩϢʵƲʲô˼
ͻȻ仯Ŀ죬ҶͶվһɲǣĨ΢Ц˳ݷһĿһĿƵģͬݣ̼ŽȻͬζˣ
ǴһšƲڵͻȻЩ˫۷ֱһ˫͹˳
Ϊǰ߲һʮֵƲڻߣŹߺܿ쳬һٰʮ֣㳤һԴòҲڱ仯ӿʼ°ͣͣһ˧״ԭƽӹĳࡣ
۾Ψһֻ۾е顭
ҶζеıľƬڳֵܣңһֱΪҵ̫˭ţ


017 
ϵļǱסˣǸеǱһѺۣ顢Ǻ£ȴֶµ͸ͣԴڳѪ³ƴҶҶҶҶҶ
ҶʲôȴֲҲ˵ȥˡ
ͷҶ̾ңҶٺ٣ò˵Сӵ湻İߣ֮ǰô˵ǲ˵Ұ㿴ˡ
ֱ죬ڲͣ²λ·ճϣŵҪˣеһһķ䣬Ҫ̱
Ŭţǿɥڶ㶳һ仰Ҷү롭һʲô֪ʲôû֣
¶һ˿΢ЦʱҶֲħһô
һǿ־ĵҡҷġؿƿ
Ҷƽֵĵ㣬Ҳģʱգ㲻ǻɱҡôֻҵ۾úҡеôȻŹңô˵Լô񶾣ô˶ʴأ
֮۷ֱȫ飬ƺ֪ԼǿһӲȴý˵㣬ңƣǰһҾʹ󺰡ҶڴˡҴһҲܲˣʦΪұġ
Ҷñʯ챦Ҫɣұ֤ڱ˻ΪĲҽģ²£ôʹɡ
Ҷ̵˵ţͬʱľƬǰסľƬıԵָһΣľľƬıԵͬһķ
ǵ۾˸·𿴵Ƿı߷нԼ壬Ѫ⣬նϽʱӡ
ҶǰһǾܾļһԾߣٿȻڵأ˲ͣؿͷֺԼͣ˵ҶүҶүС۲ʶ̩ɽŹСһ
ҶںС˵һЩ˵ҪһЩ˵ƨ磬Щ˶ԼŸƨһ˿ûʲôпԣ
ǹֻ˾ȣͻȻһҡ˫˵Ҷүȵȣл˵֪ʲôˣҡҿ԰㡭
ŶңҶŲһ٣ʵ
ûûǾϲ˵ҶԼĻȤ·˲ץסһݣ˵ϲҪɱĦô鱨ҿ԰㣬ҿ԰ɱʦǸƨɣҿ԰ɱ
ˣ
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Ҷŭ㣬ǰ֮ͽһӶһּ尾˻һ죬һֳͷ
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ҶĿ𽥻ɢǣ˵̫еԻȥȡõõַôҲκˣȴҸеĵĶġϣʲôصģϧģʦԼ϶ʲôֵػأˣŶκ˵޼ֵֻ˴ΣաСͬһֻӬпһ̻ĵеˡɱԭܼ򵥡ıĵˡ
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ν̿ˡɻ
Ҷ̾һɱһˣǰһʺݺݵ˦ǽϣ治֪ǸÿŴ㱻ˤϡеǶǽĴеƺѿʵڲǼֵø˵顣
һʺõĴʽʧȥδ
ҶӴµİȡһСƿˣ㽫ʬ˸⣬ȻϵСԺĽ򵥵˸ӣʬ嶪УγľƬʬʺ˿ڣһСѺɫķĩ
˻˻ڶʬڡʬۡ£Ѹٻһ̲ѪˮҶͬǰѱľƬһٵһƣСӱʧ
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˿һǵҶмƽϡ

ǵʧٲûעΪ˶ڻƻʱֱ˱ɭֶ棬˵ȥ˳Ҥˣ졣
ʼļ죬šʦɡжô⣬Ϊ̫˽ͽܵΪˣ͵̰ɫܹڸҲǺ£øĸĦֵķˣǸԼһɧ
ױǵˣȻҶƾ뻯ǵ·ֻҪһ߶ȣֻҪǸ㱻ʦ֮⣬˶ǿʲôġ
ҶױǣڸôһתȻȻؾͰʧٵʱ˰֮ãպ㷢ʧˣҲ㲻Ҷͷ
ҹɫص˱ɭֶ棬еһѾ洦ɾҶֻľƲʼľСƵ
ʱֹա
Ҷ˸ƿһЩƷͬ´ǫ̃㰸λżˣһǱߵľᡣ
°ã׼ߣҹ֮󣬻гҪ
öˣҲͿöࡣ
Ҷ͵Ķ͵Ժת˼ת˳δʬʱҶдࡣ
ʥء棬̻桱ĵȻףҪ˵زǰܻһ˿Ȼ
˽죬ԼκεѹҲԼʲôԣΪǽ˵ĵطоĵط֣ҪôҪôһ
һֹغսף׵ضĵƱˣ˽ȦӣⲻҪ³
ˣδ֪һ죬Ǳ
ҶšġʧƽؿһУƽȥƽĻ
Ҷǰһߣһڿһô£ǿлŵĻ֪ԼҪ¡
ÿһغÿһУԹϵɰܣ


018 Ⱥʱ
ڡĦ롱һƬ঵УҶһûչµжļ죬ҶѾʮˡ
Ϊ˽Ҷûٴγ绨ϢǱ©Ϊ
ֽ׶ΣֻҪ绨ܹ˳Ϣƺһƽ٣ǹԲˡ
ţɭֶ֮ڣ״̬ӽ
˶ȷϣѾ뿪˱ɭֶ棬ԭŵû
ʹ棬Ҳûκεľٶ̰绹׼УһɣԭΪ˶ϤжĽĽٴλָġ
Ͼʵۺ񣬼ǵӲҲűʤġԹϵжĽûκθı뷨㵱͵ϮɣĳǿҲȻȡʤûҪΪһεĿš
ûĽ롰ƿ֮ìҲͬʱһλϣĽŭƿλʳְ͡أڼֱɱ֮ûȡκγɹҹִ˼ô̿ͣ񼫣ƿҲǴŭĽָУ԰ȫӸ棬ۣʵ֮װżף뽫ֶʵȨյжѡ
ƿһƽĽ˼ɵ߳ŭְλȨƿӸְλϰ⣬ֱԼ׽ĸ֡𻷡Ϊʹɭֶΰ
ڡƿȷûͻʲôŸɣûκ˵ûץ̿͡ҲûֵܲݡȵȹؼҪҪ˸ġƿΪֱӸˣȻвжΡ
ǳȨ־磬ɭֶ쾭ḻĻƿ˸ڣֱӻ쵼ˡ
ҶԹۣĬĬȴֱ˿̣ѾȷϣٽһжʱҪˡ
̰аµʱ䣬ս٣ֶ渮ֳۡսǰĽգÿ˵϶Цݡ
ſơʯ챦ֳͯɡ׿ֵ͡Ħ롱ȻҲܷ׷ΣԼҪж±ѹ
ƺǹ̽ᡱ͡šķӦûĽûнıܰ¶Ϣ֪ͨ˫š͡Ͽɡɳȥӡᡱ͡šû쳣ľٶԴƶϼǷй¶˼ƻ
ɴ˿ɼڱߣһΡ
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ڡĦ롱Χİλ׷뿪ɭֶ棬Ħ롱ĸȴԽԽ࣬ȴж١
мλɱءɭϵĽֻڶʮǰڽгֹҶ͵ΣŴŵ֪⼸λʲôʮǰ̵ʮ˵ĥ似ʱ¹ɽ֮⣬һֱ̳Ϊĸλڽп롰̫ꡱȼ磬ʵʵȨȴв硣
ͻϮᡱ͡šοش󣬱ǡҲͣģʧֱӽڵġʮһλϸ·ۣһɹҲɼһ̵ˡ
ͨһʱĹ۲죬ҶʵĦ뿴ʵۺ񣬵Ƿвͬϵġ
λλõǡͽɡҲǴĽǰ̵Ŀͽ־ͰˡûĽյġʮ̫͡ꡱȺȻĦĺԱЧҵǰ̶ǻˣǾûΥ˽壬ʱԵģ
ĦڶϵǡԪɡںǰͶЧĦĽ֣ҲǴţ׵硱ĸÿڵԪϸֶһϵƿҲһԱ
һǡɡҲĦ֮͢󣬸ոյⲿְڣΪû㹻Ĺ׺͹ڽĦΧԱܷĦȨĻд۲졣
ϵ֮кҲìܣΪͽġͽɡϵžԵìܣǾЩͶ߲ϣΪżĦ룬ڽ̿ȷӵĴƫųϵߣ෴ġԪɡ͡ɡϱȽϺͨìܲû롰ͽɡԱô
ûĽ롰ƿ֮ìܵĳͻ䱳ǡͽɡ롰Ԫɡϵ֮ìйء
ЩìܣҶҲ˼֮ìܣܹǲͬϵ֮ĹϵȻܺãҲԼìܣƫǵעǰעڻ֮ϡ
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ڵ˷˷ȫеʼʱҶһεжʼ
һ죬Ҷʱһ£ոյλʮ֮Уһλ͡ᰲ塢ʮӣǸ̬ɫ˱ɭֶ֮УĹ򣬱ĸòŮӱĥŮһȻһ߼ӣԼСԺϴ·й˶ˣλ߼ǰȥۣ͡ᰲһԴ
Ϊ£Ԫɡڶֲͽɡĸֶǡɡк͡ʮ񻢡ϣ¸ƽ
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˵֪ģҽ˵ġһҶ֪˴ţҪǣΪ˱ڲͻ⼸조ͽɡļΪͽġʮرԶྫĵطᵽ˶С¥֮ڡ
ΪȺ˵ˡԪɡ߶ǡԪɡοɱĸ߼ǵֵܣԹޣȺ˶ߵѹͲģܹ˾ͲˣҪָúðš
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ҲĦȴѪ֮һ
ʱ⼸λȫһС¥Уɡ׷̫ꡱ̫͡ꡱ㣬ͨﵩ֣޴սǰĽա


019 ѰĿ
һµҶͷС¥Զݼ֮ϣ˿·ݼһ֣ҶѾĸСʱˣɫպڲһֱغҹ
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һѲȥ죬쵽ˡ
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һиӵĴҲε˵ϲ˵ûǲǸơ棬ǡؾ񡯸أʲôǿ׼ǱߣôŶŪˣԼָҲԴҵ³̾ϢһλƳһС¥ѹɤ˵Ҹ˵ЩˣǶ˲̫һȻʲôս
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ĬĬͤƷɨʮĻѱ紵һһΡ
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ģͻȻ̧ͷҶʵ
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ͬʱһԹԣøļһû϶ҲûжʲôֽţȻֽŵ⣬һ¶ݡ
ŵͺӣεϹϴСԴЦ˵ڣ⡮͡治ǰ׽еģôСȡþƣôô
ԭǸǡ͡ڣ˵ҶҲѴǡ̫ꡱ֮һ׷̫
󣬷飬ſϣһһðŹ
ġ͡һ㲻ںĴԲԹԵؼ֮󣬷Ŀ̳ˮ֮ȡһϵеҩҩˮһԶȷ˾ˮ޶֮󣬷һ֣ˮӴȥ˵̳ƣû
˴ʱִЦָָ㣬䡰͡СĽ
Ҫ򿪵ڶ̳ӾƵʱλ͡ǹʼʩиؼһ顣
Цֹ
Ҷȴλֵ̾ѣ켣ģλ־Ȼܹκ˵ӣֽ£ʵѵõĺܡ
ˣһ㶼ܻúܾá


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ʱҶҲûôֳˡ
ʱλϵһλͷù𻨸Ĩվһ۳ǰصƯӣʩʩȻλֵԺȣȥ֣ȥȥͻء
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ҪȥҶʱסιСȱߣȥ̺ү
ҶһŶСӾǡ͡ᰲȻģûкۡ
ˣϾ㿪ˡ
Ҷһ񣬡С
Ȼƨƨߵظᰲ߳ϯ
ᰲһ˷䣬ľЩȣҶҲ֪С¥õĲıʶƵʱᰲ¥Ҷ׷
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үʲôǽĽףƨλļһʲôʸֵᲢۣʶĿⴺһֵǧϷҪȥء
Ҷһ㶣ֻվס벻ɧǴֶҪëˣ֪һļҵϱҪù˼Ѿغˡ
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ҶʱĵһӦ壬Ѳúã͵Ȧף
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Ҷ״ýôѧĳʽЩԼġңв硭
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ҪģԭɶԷĸǣľ紵ɢԷϬĽơ
Ҳĵľ󷭷ɡ
׷ɵļҾߺʹŴײǽϣۼҪһԾ˵ľ죡
ոշһеҶƵ˫õһ̣ңΪԭⷭɵʱ׷ΪڵҶ߷˹
Ҷ˫ȭ͵߬һƺߣ֣ң硿֮ƪڤ
Ϊģʮ׷ΧڣڴУΧˮѹз׷ɵ˲ȫֹͣƮڿУ΢΢ζ
Ҷ˫ӣݺסϡڤ׷ɵȫȵأŴһȫûзһ졣
գֱ似
ͻȻ֣ҶĴ̿ʹʱҲһ㶣벻ǰСΪʲô˹Ĺ۹Ĺ֮ԹƵħŹҲӡ
Ϊһ谭ҶҲȫ˶ԷĽƣ˰ȫ롣ҶҲûڿΧʱ򹥻̿ͣҶڴɱʵ̿ͬʱܵҶ޵⡣ԭҪһҲԳ֡
Ҷ÷죬ֱµĵʩ͵ϮٵҶְѶԷĹֻգۼĹ򣬵ʹҶһ䡣
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ʱҶûܻᰲȴŽݸȥǵöԷһֵ֮ʱͼҶһһڣһ׺ѸͬʦеƤһʱһ䣬˾۹Уᰲĺ󱳡
ۡ
ԭȵһ仰һѪ
ᰲǰ˼Աһ𡪡
ǣէ֣ȥһ˲ĹâٶȣûκˣҲûκһ赲
һֵͬʱҶԭʽȫͣסˣ˫ŵɫһɲǣҲ㹻Ҫˡ
һѱġ⼣߰ߵĳѾӵ˵а˳⽣ȻǸողҶǰѽһ⽣ڰγʱ򣬾ȻûнһεѪ
ŶԷؽЯ£ͬؿҶһ仰Ҳ˵
ʱ׷ᰲݸһ䱸´Ҷʵλ̨ǡ
ҶһЦԼԭ˵磬þò
͵سϵ¶һԴ޲ŵףͺߣԭ㣡


021 СĽ
ɱڸոջع飬ʲô˶ûмҶ˵ھϲӡ
˼˵ľϲ֮⣬Ҷĵ׻ѹһɱѹ궯Ǹʹ꣬ɱᰲһһģǡƣ׼ȷ顭
һҶܹǣ
ᡭ
һԼһģɥһҲԼһѪһҲǴ˳һ
ʹһʹ߲ͬһнʽȴһޣ޲ͬ
Ҳ˵ǰԴһɱᰲ꽣ͣ긲ɺҶҵ֣żԨԴ
ǡ
ڸԴһаɱжϵǳ㹻ΣôܽôΣյءҶòѹסԼ뷨ȴԴ޴˽һ´˵鱨
ʱ֮
Զɭֶʮ⣬һլԺУ˸һȦȷûˣլԺլоס
Դ˷ܣ´Ҷʵߣͻˣ
ҶЦЩһ֮ǰ㲽ˣϲҲ˳졣绹δλֵء
ԴźףЦƣһ¡λǡ
аǰλʱժ˵Լ֮֡£¶һ絶һǷףŨüۣĿ㣬촽ǿؽţ۾󣬵ȴϰ۾ˡⲻΪ۾ë̹ԷҶ֪۾гһߣʹĿרעͬʱҲڵá
һɫʿװȻЩͷҶֻһɨۣѾԷõڣԼϥؽڴ
֮ǰǰһ٣ҲԻϹ˵۾
Ϊϰߣλа˿һֻǣһǣԴ˵ĹʽҲܲ˿ȶȡ
˺Ľһһļ򵥣һĳ¾ɣһĹ°Լһ
ĿⶢţҶ͸еһ˼룬˫ü֮һ̵ûţûš
ԭ֣ýýֱ似Ҷٺһ֣òԵؿ佱
ĽãϴμΡϧûýȻԷû飬㻺һգֱ׵˵лᣬҪֽһ
⻰ҪǱ˵Ҷ϶ΪԷҲ磬λа˵ʱȴǸоôȻҶҲܵõԷ޶⣬ֻĵҪԼдһ¶ѡ
ǼҶʵ
Դ޸æ˵ˣɽׯμӡᡯʱСӾ
ҶٿȻһ㶣Ż뵽ʲôƵأֱʵʱ㣿
ʲôʲôʱ򣿡ԴЩԺؿˣ󿴿ֿѵλ֮ǰҲżô
а˵û㣬Ҳû䡭ֻɱ徰ѡòŸлҡ
ԴЩԣҶȴȫԮʱǸֵ̿ͣл֣ȴͻȻֵһֻҪһ֣֮˱ȻֹױȡҲǾҶһ
ô˵Ƿһأ
Ҷ˵
òţап޵һתߣģȥΧ̬ȼȲмҶĳŵȻΪʲô»鷳ŪҶ϶ΪΡ
ԴȻ֪аĸԣæԲѯҶ绨еľͬҶҲ˽һ½ϵ顣
ԭԴҶһԶʥء֮Ļʸ̩Ҳ֪ȥɵĵлư֣Ʊ롢ƷɣҲһʧ˵ִ˳͢ʲô
硰СӥչصˡʮӥӦԱͻĽѹ仹ɽݻ̵а񱱡һĺڵ桰˫һлԡʮӥǿѹչɽͻ֮һǰϻȥˣ
ɢʯʦʮɽвɼҩĵҩṩɽϵӣΪʵĻʯʦͽ˻ҽβɶӹ˫ֺ峤ľܴ֣Ҳҽγɹָмֵľܴ磬ΪлɢʯĦرͼ½õͼ֪ʶͼ翿ųǿ¼Ķࣻ
ֵһֱɽϣżлᣬܼصϰ˽ˮСڸʲôȫûдףģĺãҲûرġ
Դޣ֮ǰͻ֮󣬱㱻ʦ˽ϣƺϾΪҶſķǸĦ룬ȻŽˣȻĦһѹƣʵļǰ
ʥǰİƺħŵĵ˼Ľչ֮£Դ˵ôͽɵƺ£Ȩһ㲻С
֮ǰһִʱԴ޾Ȼ˷Саλʱһͬڽͷ˵ĺСӣȻɳһλȺĽɱ֡
λһ͵ĵԶһĹ£Խһ֮аӦԴ޶ԸĦ룬ǰֶƷѵġ
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ҶЩɵ۵ؿǰ񣬰̾һôλǮȥˣҲֻɣһëεԴޣôûǮ㰵ɱأ
ûɣٺ١ԴЦŴһӶûУᡯƴ֣ϰƺǴ󣬳Ҳ£Ӷڴϰģн飬ôһСѡ
Ȼ
ҪļһﲻһǮġ
δɱжҪҲ̽ӣð̽ϢһεĴɱֵԴ޺аֵŶֻ֪ץסʱʶԷһֻ֣УЩðյĳɷ֣ǱȽ˵ġ
ЩаֵĶǽӽԴ޵ĶҶƾ޾ݵ£˵ԼĻɣֻҪӱˡ
Ҷ룬˵Ҹһ緽ʽȥһ´СһЩ鱨¹شһºУؽ˵ıɱԽ˻ᣬĦһĿ
Դ޻ͷЦ˵ԭʮǰĴɱжиİ٣Ǹɾ䡣õϢʱڴͷͷ֪˷ܳʲôӣҲɴ˲֪ɭ߾ۼ˲Ħ뷽ĸ֣µԷҪүӵϴ󶯸ɸ꣬Ա治ɫǲ׼Ħ뷽ԵӲˣ
Ҷ̾һ˵ֻûλô򵥡


022 ڴ
ûаҶҲͺ
Դ޵Ķ䣬Լ̽Ϣһһʮظ˵˸顣
ԴǴһ鳬ԤϣҼȵΣա
У¹شҵûȥͷȷһ¡
ԴתȴҶקסѾ绨ȥƺӦûж⣬бҪȥȷһ£ҲҪϵ绨֮ж
ĵ飬ԴЦ˵ҶߣұǲԶˣҲǼǰǿȹģҪʦ˰ءղݡҵְ֧ءǵľǴͨ˲٣ΪˣʱȷҪȳ˸ǿ󡣲ңǶչǣҲӥ˲ĵرŽƽƽ쾳֮еġ̶ͻƣҪ̫ӴӴˡ
ֵ֪ܼϴ̩ɢʯϰ˽ˮûͻ֮⣬Ļʸ̩Ϣȫޣû취ȷϣʣµչԴ޶Ѿͻˡ
ֵ֪ǵĴ֮Ҷɵ÷еĵǣһ
Ҷϵ绨еķһЩɱжķҶر𽻴һ£Լع½飬ֻƺ޵ļ֪ǧҪй¶ȥ
Ͼò׵ȵһΡڰĻᣬҶôò͵Ϯһ£̴δ˾ֳأ
һУ˫ˣ׼жˡ
ٱ֮ǰҶܲסĵѯ÷ѩϢ˭Ͻˮȴ̾һȺŹ˵ߵܣҲֻ֪̫÷Դѹ֮󣬱ȫûϢֵȻģҲûͷȥѯʣʦȥ˾˼ʦȥѯʣȥѹǳ˱Ÿ˵÷ڱ˼ˣǡ
˼ҶͻȻеЩĸоʲôҪ˼
㣬ҼֵҲԣϾ˼ڲ㵹ɽʣֵܾŰͷҲ㲻ǣһѹ÷Ϊѣ»ŵ˵
Ҷ͵ػ뵽ɷἰ÷ѩѹĺĵӣΪ˻Ϊ˱ʵŵޣŵõѹѧĴУԼŵõһλᣬȻѹ÷ѩԵŵıѡ
ǣѹű˵ѪŹûʵɣܱһҸѵȷô
÷ѩͶ·ѹʹ̬٣һ濴˵ʱ÷ѩȥϣʱѹֵأֵøж
ǣǲѹ÷ѩһСϣ֮󣬱ӵ÷ѩأ£ѵûг֮Σ˼ô
ͺǴһŴϾһֻС񣬾ǽֻСȻسΪˣ˵ƺϰΪֻС˵Ƿֵأ
¿⣬ȴǹƽ
ѹ÷ѩٴĶ£Ҳûʸ֧ɺ
Ҷж÷ѩϧ֮㣬ͬʱѹΪеŭϴܣģӵŮҲҹ
ҶƼ̱ҪһУϵ÷ѩԣɽ
ǿѹ˼ͣԼҪ侲
֪²ɲ֮÷ѩѹԶ뽭ɱûκεΣգڣҪǵȴȴ鴦ꡭ
֪ʱ÷ѩҲڵȴȴɽһ졣

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ǰڰʱ̡
ȵҶع鱱ɭֶʱɭֶѾ췭ظĻ֮С
Ҷоյ͵͵˷䣬ɵð̾һĵԹԣοͱѣĦ뼸еġͽɡ֣ǵҹᰲͬһƾϵĸ֣һԵطӵ˳ŭڵľƾ²ƺ˷ƵĴҴܣпƿɵȫץб¶˭㱻еۡʱҳһš
ԭΪɢĴɱ¼ٴγ֣αɱﻹǡĦ롱ĵսʮ֮һ
һֱ̼ĸּٶ࣬԰˵ҲһЩδ˽ǣֻЩԼźľѪĵӣĵÿһ֯Ǵξ޴Ĵ
͡ᰲɴĦ룬ǰ̵ʹ̫ꡱ͡ʮˣɱĴ㣬Ȼչֳ׵жǣͬǿնã
Ŀֻðŭ𣬷йǣ˼ϵԱϣʣٶػ̼Ԫɡϡ
Ļ̵̻ĽڹϣɡҲȷԼıͽǡʧ١ˣͽƽȻ̰ɫĦԱɱ£ԲᡢҲģһʲô̺ʦԼߣŶҳȥĦ˸֣ܰĵضڼԺԻƣ
Ψһвȷͽ䵽ʲô˵ǱסǱ˸ɱأίʵõĵط롭
ˣԭɽݺ͵λϵƢҲԽԽ
ɭֶ桱бġͽɡִУ͸ҳƲΣˡ

Ҷصӵʱ򣬱ɭֶڵѲ黹ǵĿܣµĸЩŪûҲ޷Ų鸮ڿԱ
һδɱЩͽɡѾȫαɭֶԱˣƫΪһɱжȫпǱɭֶĸ֣Ϊ˸Լ˱𣬲Ź߸̿ͣʵԪףЩˡ
ҶȻסǡƿṩĶСԺܻǱȽϽӽǵľסĳ˲Եǣ˶˯ϡɵ߳˷š
ҶȻҲװˣٳʱѾǷңһݵؼǵİԴС
ո߳ԺţҶ㿴Ⱥվ¶ġܹ¡»ͥ
»ͥܳţϵıȴҲβסĽǣվſڣĿעŶС¥ǱߣĬ˽Խ̸ţҲʮ־ɻ
Ҷ߼»ͥߣʵүôˣ
»ͥȻǸ书Ĺ£Ҳˣ˵ĶЫῥմ״ʡǸˣٲ뵽ϵУֻǾķӭλүΪ˼ãǸȫһƬõǵİƽ˵Ҳûôĵȼҡ
ʱҶʣ»ͥҲûʲôףֻɫؿ˿ڣǳ¡


023 ֮
ʱС¥ܣѾˡɭֶ桱˾ְԱ׷˴ۼչѯкȷʵλá
ҶǼ֮󣬱»ͥ಻ǻˣװһĻ㤲Ӻ°ԵҲ鿴
С¥УԼɼӰ߽ʮæµӡ
ʱ򣬶С¥ͻȻһҽ֮żĽк·ܵʲô˼ʹ࣬ԶС¥Ķ¥һŲͣŤ鲼ʵ壬汻ͩͣѪˮ͸鲼вϵص䡭
ߵǵʱ˲õĴ⣬δü֮ʱǱһ֣ǰе鲼Ȼȼ⣬һƬ˺ѷεĲҽУ˶ǺȻ˵
ѽ˱ˣ
һ֮ȺٿȻңƮĹòŻ²ֹ
ܹ¡»ͥʱɫ԰ףݺݵҧ촽˵Уôӣҵȥ
Ҷһæǰס»ͥѹ˵үɱȥǱ߶ѾɱˣȥЩû˳еΣʱԩϣʵڲֵ
»ͥһ㶣룬µǱĦаͽס޵أЩ˿ɲʲôӣʱȥпǵһɧ
С¥Ǳߣۼ˸ˣӣ߲ͣʲô£ֻҪһ⸱龰ӰܳòС
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ӰԼٶȱߡ
Ҷۼ⣬ϳһǡѸȡַҲǡɭֶ桱ʮ֮һ
»ͥɫأ޻޵̾˿
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»ͥһ£ֲֿ֮ɫôģ֮ǰǸִ̿ͻû뿪ֶô
ַŲ֮ǰĴ̿ȭŵĹζֵģǸĽ͡ߣԽԽϽᰲȻûüγTMDǡ͡
ַжȥġ͡ᰲз̣ΪԼֵܡơ治׵ûڴ˱Թ
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ַһĻ죬ûҪȴѹţһͨ죬ȴǽ
ܹ»ͥЩϵ൱ʱżַһַӣʧķ㣿ˣô죿أֵû죬ﻹиŮ˭ӦTMDеϢĻţš
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ΧŵɢȥʣҶһСľһĵҿﻹͣСֹTMDȺ˻ò˻ˣǲˣ֪۸ֵܣҪٸүȥҾ͸ƴơ
ûĵһۣ֪ǡƿˣƿ֪֮ƽǸ˲ǧͨ˵Ƕͬˣ˵仰ҲпԭҷԵôĿɼΡ
˵ͷ»ͥҶļ˵УСӹȻҸ嵨ĻҪ˵ΪãҲΪ˻Ƹãô
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»ͥͻȻһ㶣ʵո˵˭ƣ
ǡӵĴ̾˵̺ǰ˳ԷСˮСӣǸףСӸһգǡ
»ͥʱšѽһ͵ǰܳȥٿȻ࣬ת
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Ӱһ˽㵹Ӹסˣƽ˳ͨƬ̣﷽šۡһ˳
үүԲס㰡ԭ˼飬̺ǰû뵽ȴƽ˻ӣװ׵ûүүɱ㰡Ҳˡ
»ͥ߬Ҷ֣ûؿ޺ţͻһ˹ȥ
ҶкһŰ׷ͺڷˣʹʧ»ͥһ˿ͷӯӯռķѼ
ҶԼɱĦֵΪڣǣ޹
벻ǸС˾Ȼ»ͥӣ벻С˾ȻΪԼĴɱжɱ
ԭԼΪһ书Сˣ㱻ãҲǱԹһЩѣϾһֶɱˣܶһʷᡢ书СҪʲôأѲɻϣСܰѴ̿ץסɣ
δ̫ǣǿȫǷйķй
һ˲䣬Ҷھε˳ŭɽӿϣøӵ侲µ侲


024 ìܼ
Ҷʹ޵ʹȥ»̧ͥ˷䣬˴ϣַ̾˿Ҷ˵СֵܣƲǰɣ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Сƣϴ󣬼үҴ󻢾С
ַ˵ͷ˵ֵܣү鷳չһˣֵǲܾǵÿסǧ벻
Ҷ϶˵үģһһ߿
ַοҶļ򣬽ָָԱߵĶˣ˵֪ҵĴˣλҵֵܣСʨӡʯտʯүУӽСţǵգǸϻơСֵչʲôҪģֵܡ
λүС֪ˡ
˵ͷһɫ԰׵»ͥһҶļʾУ˵߳˷ݡ
ҶĬĬվڷУŸոձķš
뿪֮ǰҶܱ򾲣һˣҲƽ
ڷŹرյһ̣ҶαװԼŭӿҷ졭
һ˫۾Уʵʣ˵սĺ
̣
Ħ룡
үµβİ
عʵ»ͥԽüͷ촽΢ںҶ̾һָһ˶Է˯Ѩ
ʱ»̼ͥܵǶ˯һȽϺá
Ҷܳ䣬ֱķ֮ϣԶԶرܿԶС¥ϻδȼ˵ơ
һĨõ⻹ҪۣһҶ۾Ҳ飬ĲͬˮҲź꣬Ҷֻܵŭ𣬾˵ŭ𡭡
˵Ĳ̣ӦָӦųķӦ˺Լĵˣ仹ڲͣ˺ԼĵˣӦѪǸܵ־壬ԼĽ²ģҪѹǵϺȺ֪ĵˣһȺֻ֪ų򣬶ǿ԰ѵӴ̽ŵӢۺú
¶һĨǰס
Ҷ䣬Ϊеһ̣ƮƮת۲

С¥ǰŴ󿪣Ħ뱱ɭֶеһҪ㶼ϡ
ûĽڸλ֮£ϷλÿţֻСʱλá
ʮ񻢡͡ɡбߵλãʾǵλͬʱҲһĦļ£ֻԹ۶ѡ
߱Σд˴֣ڴˣǡͽɡĸ֣̫ꡱλʮλԭµɮͽѲ˰̵ĴСӡա
һȺˣɱڣһĵɫʱʱضݺݶŶĸ֣нĽѹֻͰεˣ
Ƕ棬ǱɭֶЫῥ͡ƿ߻ˡϹӥţͷ˳͡桱ֵڡ𻷡ȻҲǡԪɡһԱһǸǽͷݣ浹ûĽûȣΪɭֶļʹʱλϣվС¥Ժ
С¥֮⣬ֵꪵһڡ岽һڣЩһüŭĿɱڣȫɫʿװͷɫñŪøɮԽһ޶ͬɫţƤײ׳չ¶ɣɫ˿ģ½϶ӡһʮİñϴ˿šԴԻһʢʫʡ
Щ߾ĦΪҲΪصġҲǰ̵Ļһأ벻һξȻΪ̵ӵֳټ̽ͽһϵԡԪɡĻɳ̶ȴﵽ˺εȸĵز
ʱԺ֮ǰڷһڹľ͡ᰲڹľ֮ڣһŰ˿סĿס
ԭĦ롱ھḽһãЩͽɡȻ㽫ᰲЩͽǷһһ̨
ľԶĵط֧һھ޴͹һɲյž죬͹ֱð̣ʿಲڹԡ
ʮֵ߱˰͹֮ǰŵûȴҶ෢һԣһεض֮ϵλȺڽ̷Ȼưոݣλ˾ƺ̡
һ𻷡裬ʱС˵־һڳϻεʱЦؿŹǰͨڣЩ巢ӣ÷ȨԽУʱЦеͷ̵ζԡ

֮ϣҵı۲ڶ
һǡӡգһǡƿ
ʱƿΪӡմеֵڵŶŭ쳣
ʲôƨ߼Ѿһ֣ȴҪڵľ᣿ЩֵΪ˱¹ͣĪأ
ӡպйֽһŭְְأʹʦӦ͹ʦǾȫᶼ
ӡձǺỊ̇ĿȣܿͽǴһƬά̵棬˿Źκһ֤ҳ϶ȵΪΡ͡ᰲǱֵôΪ߿ñ֤ԼĿҡ
ӡı֣߳˰һϵԵͷ֮⣬˵ȶüѡĦȻǰ̵ļƣͽҲܰͨڲ˿
ڡԷǽͽڵãЩ̵ͽͽԴǽͽȴǼϿġǾЩͽǲֵӵӣ԰̽崦Υķǽͽϵ֮ĳͻء
ʱҲˣᰲȻⲻжΣﲻ̸ôĿģǶԡԪɡķŭ˸ͷйѡ
TMDƨƿףҪǰ˵иʦһֵ˶
ƿŭһ仰¿ͱѣͽɡһϵĸȫüë۾ģһΣ

󵨣


ڲԸΪġƽ͡¦һҪ֣ȴԱߵġ̿͡ճһѰסŶŻƿ˵ʦעԴǡûб¹ܺԼ£Ҫܺͣ
ƿҲǽɫͶĦ룬Ҳǵ˵ūš
һ̿ճ˵Ļɫʱ䣬˫Ŀ׹ʢҧгݵ˵ʦ˵Ŀ˻ûֵ˵һ飿
Ǻһʮ˰γ˳ƿ󣬵ʱҲվĸˣһҶԿñ顣
ˣˣ
һֱϵġûĽڳȣһʹļ׵ģ˵ҶԼˣܻԹ


025 ϱ
⻰˵
˼ĽȰ裬ҲͶ㬵ƢһʱûϨﻥţŴ
ĽԼȰаԵһ£ȴתŻƿ˵ʦĪҪŭµְ֮ʵΪɭֶ渱֮Ҳ⣬йа棬»ǽܷĿʹɡ
Ľվеλֳȵսڼϡӽ𣬸λرְ۰оϣΥѰﴦã
仰һ˵꣬ƿɫʱƣ⽯Ľ˼޷˵ڹܸǡ𻷡裬ƿΪְܱʲô飬޹أҲܲŴ顣
ڵڴ˻ƿһǴͣҲǶСԪɡǵһػ
Ҳ˵ĽĻ˲ʣǱĦ롣
ĽΪ˵жָߣݵλεҪƫĵ۶ϣȻȡͽɡ֧֣ǿѹ¡Ԫɡķǿ
Ľôϲ˵˽ﻹһһĻ쵰ѹ£һڲͣ£ƿһ仰˻ƿԼһɡԪɡ֣һԸĳҲ΢΢üȻûƿ˵׵ֻʧ֮ԣ⽯ĽҲŻϽͣȴǿ޴ˡ
Ȱ裬бƳˡһۣͷһĿģԲУһȻв˻ˮֺαأ
֪ʵҲǶΰøУԼͽܶʧ٣ô˵ûǲűĿ񣬲
ҲʾҲǱ˫ۣᡣ
ƿɫ粻ش˵һ仰
ӡտЦȵ׼죬ִа棡
桰𻷡ʱЦֹŭȵãҿͣЩ֮Ͷ͹ð֪Ϊų³֣
һ£ƴ֮𣬵סѣȱϵ͹ϣಲǰסֽţȫ˰ڵ֮͹һס
ͻĽĲҽʱ㤱ҿֶ渮ۡĲҽˡ
ǺεȵıŰ飿
ƿɫ԰ֽÿһԪɡֶǷŭѵһҽȫǵڳϵ
һڡͽɡ־㶼ֻı飬ٵضһ֣ʱʱ¶̺Ƶı飬߸ϵ̬ԡ
ĽŲ룬沢ڵĲҶĩ̬ޱУֻ۾Ԫɡһ俴ʧһġƿмΪ⡣
Ľڰ̵ļͥڣСܽѬգһٮ
ʮҵʱɽеĽڣܵɽĹʱĦ뻹û˵ƣԭܹڱڵʿйѲڣǾǮսӣʹڱɱ룬ĽĸĸҲʱ
˴̼ĽĽʱ㲻κεķͽ˳޵ӣһնҪȵЩ̰֮÷
ƾͷԺͲ׵书սĽܻελã̽ڳΪĦĴԣԡة֮˼Ǹة֮⡣
쵽˸λĽ˱ĻᣬôϷŹ
ĽаЩͶ֮ǼĦдչˮ̸˫աͽʦҪֽɵĴԣЩĸͽȫɣϧʦΪЩṩЩüֵμȻжǾͲҪҽЩжĸɾˡ
۸ôˣ۸ˣΣ
ЩͶĦߣȫͶ·֮ѹ뿪Ħıӻô˻ǣԽĽ˵һΪˡ
ԪɡһɸˮѹԼŭ𡣳УֻСƿڳУʧն·ûһ㡣
ĽλͽɡĸǶһۣЦһʤߵ̬עŶԷʵôƸλѵҽܸȤ
˶ʱʧЦ׷׿ŻƿЦ
ƿ۾һգûд𻰣˵ҲվøСЩ˶Ƿֶϵ֣һ̡
ӡտЦȡЦҲԣҲԡϾΪܣûбѵɲģһߣ
ٴκȻЦʮ㡣
ƿһ̧ͷɨǰһɸ֣˵ȷˣҵĴҾڿڿǵ³ڿΪĦ֮õʲô³
Цɫࡣ
ۣ֮ʲôΪĦûк³⻰˵˭ģʲô˼
ԱߵġЫῥɫȵ֣ˣ˵ˡ
˵˴˻ĻƿȻûзйɨӡյһۣ˵Ҳڿ֪պЩˣʲô³ֻ˿һߵῥ͡ţͷ桱ֵܶˣЦҲȺǸʲô³
顪
ĽİŭưӣTMD췴
ˣ
ǰ֣ռ˲䶼һƬУգתƸգ˻δ׷ʲô֮ʱһƺߣӰ㶼
һѪӰ˻صԪɡһߵԣһֻѪַסαֹԼء
˺Ȼλ˵ǡƿ
ϻƣ㡭
˾סĻƿʱźȻƿұѾϣѪ˲ʮལصУһɫʿװġƽ͡׿ȻڵֳֽббسŻƿһָһֱ˽£˵֪󱲣˵ִ֪磬˷ҵĸ輰ҵȣ輰ʥĸնһۣСʹ룬ٸҷȡϹ
ۡ
ƿŭһѪһۣԷˣ˼ھһʱֻ书˲Զ޷˶֡
ڶࡰԪɡֶһȻ벻Է˱ɣȻ͵Ϯǡƽ͡ĽȴǹѲ⣬ƿʮϵĽ飬ȻӲ¶ԷһС
б֮࣬δҲЩȻ
ƿ³һѪ֮һ޼ɵĿЦ̬룬˻ãúãϵĺáҵıӦɡ
ƿ͵һ˵λ֣ת˵϶书ã˥޵ܣְֶλҲΪĦ뾡𣬻϶˳Ħ룬պ϶Ħ޸ɡ


026 Ӱ
ƿܴ˴裬Ȼ޷ĦдȥˣȻĦԼˣԼֺαڴأ
Ϊ˵ߵġûĽҲûϵ׿ֻôݣȻڶ˻ƿһֱۣԹǾͲ˵ˡ
ͬʱĽҲԹ׿Թֲ֪أԹȻ֣ΪλҪ»ƿʱǨƿֶξе㲻ÿˡ
ʱƿ˵ĦĻýĽһȵ󵨻ƿײةѵǴҪĦ벻ɣΪʲôط˵˵߾ߵôˣ£
⻰һ˵ڣһԪϸֶɫ䡣
ܰʱΧڵġ̫ꡱʮ͡ӡѹסƣ죬ʱܶ֡
һֵܺ͡ϹӥҲǺãǰΧ˻ƿΧΪáְλͣʱҲüëةǲ̫ˣѵҪϾɱɣսüޣةΪԶϱ۰򣬲֪Ǳү֪ʽةֽνأ
Ľһ𣬳ʵ˵⻰ʲô˼ѵҪƿһ𣬱ѱﲻɣ
Ľʲôг²㡢ࣿTMDǻӡ
ʱԱΧ۵кͳʵڿȥˣôǣȥԪɡĸֶñ췴
̫ꡱġ׷̫ꡱ̫͡ꡱҲеò׵
Ըͷڡͽɡ͡Ԫɡ֮ĶѾʮ֮ãҲ֪ƽִ֮ѹһҲһ̧ͷԪɡڲۼͻϮжչڼһȴֵµĸɽȫҳߣʲôôĦʲôô
λûĽվһȵͽκηͽߣڡȣԵСࡣ
УһΪЩ̵ĽҪôͶ·Ҫô̰ͼȫΡȻĦҪͷأǾҪеʶҪ𻷡֪Լݺ͵λҲҪ˵Ļġ
ûĽżʹѹĶ
ʱһԵġЫῥͻȻ廰ةˣ־޴⣬ϻҲ뱾ԸʧѪ࣬ЩͿ븮ة˲С˹ƹҵȣնʱҵȸϵҪ
̫ꡱһת˵ةˣִԼǣĦڲŽϣ±ᣬвСʧǵ˴жֻǳﲻ𡣡
ųҲǳȰ뽫ⳡ־ƽϢȥ
Ԫɡ˳ͽ䣬ͽɡ˳˿ڶ鵽Ϊֹ׵
ûĽ֮Ϊ飬Լ塰ԪɡֵĿҲѾﵽǵ˵ͷĬ˻ƿ˵ȥ
˼ˣҲһͬǡ
ȫȥ֮󣬡̫ꡱæ˵ةˣĪµүҪЩ֮ͽˣةҪǵβȴ֮ٳ֣ʱδ֮ж֮ʱڽʱͻȻˮֻ¶ǲ
Ľͷ̾Ϣ˵ţ˵úá̫ЩүĴ¡ةǱʦͷˡ
ʮλŽĽΪ˸ᰲͷɵöǰԸм׷̫ꡱ̫͡ꡱȴǻһۣһء
ãɫһȥϢɡĽٿȻ𣬶ᰲѣݺݵ˵ةշģҪ׷ɱʦ֣ڸΣٴֵܽͷ֮ޡ
븮ة
ȵ

֮⣬͹еŨ̾þöδɢȥ
ʮĸֵߣȫв˱͹˵ȣϣ𷴿ꪴʬóϡ
̫ʱ򣬷ֶ˿ľѪʬĲпᾰ󣬸ʱңŭͺ֮ڶֵ߶ǸˣȢӣСڸڣһѣĻңʵԽܡ
Ľһ£ӹ˱ɭֶķµļҾ죬һɴʣļҾ죬Ҳڼֿ⵱У£ÿ˰ʱͷֱȵͻϮжɷֶзų
ˡƿְġ𻷡裬ʱ㸺¡
ڼΪ⣬ŲҪԼײеǰֶΣɹλȡ˻ƿһֶ֮ڵü
µУԭĸָˣǰӼһɱĶУôأ
ĽΪѣȫָӣ԰ΪףƱɭֶнǧڣȨν졣
ʱġ𻷡һ̨ϣƷŲˮŵģһƬ޴ĶѰڵļҾ죬ʮˣ˼٣󲿷ֶǸŮźӡ
۾ȺɨɨȥʧޱȵֹţҷϣƯϱȢ
޵һڲҶĭӣģأ
һͲС˻ŵ˹ӲЦ⣬µɱ˿ħԶʵүСأүкηԸ
TMDҹҳ㰡⸱үɣ
ԥһ£Ҫæ˹
˵˸ǰһ֣й̵Ĳˮ˵ϣ̵ʹһ˵ڵء
Բû⣬ʲô裿ү˵Ҫϵȵô
һʹ˻һ߻صүǸõ˰
ޣôûʲôζ㵱үǻİ
үϺõǰģүĹƷ
ŶⰡ
ӵȵŨȹˣȻȵò裬Ϊ˸ǲõĲҶأ޹Ū˸
˵Ҳίǰ˵үнүߵ˲ϺȲˮС̺үΣ
ڿʿ۾һɣҪֽѵ˵ֵۣסĸȤʵף裡
˴ؿүĻСĴСڸλү裬ǶСղΪʹˣûô˴¸ﶪ㱻үɵֿæ˳ͽܳ
ŶֲûءУȻգ͸ҿү¶һ֣ˣպ͸үˣүûôӣ˲ţ
лү
æǰϵİʿǰһѲ飬ȷûκΣͬʱҲȷκε书
ˣ˶Ƿĵ߽˿ǰ
һַȻ죬ȡ衢ˮˮɣҡյһȻƼ򵥵ַȴżΪ׼ˮº͵ˮʱĿ
Ŀһڲ㣬ȻƢɵ̾ãչȻֵóƵ
ؿүƷʱһŶ
Ц˳ֶյЦǾ
豭ͷţ
ʱǰȺ޺ÿʿҾ춼ó޵ĿⶢŰʿлŵضÿһǰʿҾ죬û˻עǸ书ƽˡ
𻷡עҲԼϵĲյС
һɲǼ䣬ûġΪһɲʵ̫̣ûܰסһɲǻġ
ˣΪûʲôֵõĵģĿ衣
ڿͷһɲǣǸˣеĲյһϳ룬Ȼڿľһ
ֻһ
յĶһ˿â辱̵ĻٿȻһգ滮˿Ѫܣ»ĺܣһ֮䣬Դ
ѪɣһѪɢɽ
ͬһʱ̣һΧڿΧİʿҲͬǾѪܱϣѪÿ˵۾Ĩâÿ˵Ļǡ
Ѫڸס˵ΣΧʿŸ˹ʱֳҲǸ˵κټˡ
Ѫ֮УȺʧȥ׵ļҾ۾ĨѪУһ˿͸ľϲֱ֮ٿȻסٿһۣÿ˵лǽһһź
ɱúã
ڱɱһ˵ǵӰֱħһڴʱЩҾУǵӰǾķ𡭡
Ҷص»ͥʱﻹڻ˯Уֽؽﻻ˻ȡ󷿵µ÷˻ȥ
ոһУΪüһˮ۵һ㱻˿ĸͽɷس˽һҶȵСµеĲô»ƣһˡ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣Ĳ߬Ȼ̽ʵλ磬һչ˲֪ʲôôżô


027 ɱ޹
ˣҡ
ǰĴɱжֻñɭֶ঵ĻôεĴɱжȫҡĦƴһսľġ
ǡԪɡĸǣոձĽĦĻԣ벻ǸɷٴةûĽţƤǴ죬˵ʲôץס̿Ĳݣ֮ǰȫ˸ͻƿϣڲʱεļʹ׷ΰġ𻷡裬Ŀ֮¸˲ӡ
ϴεԱʧͬˣĦ룬̵ĺ𻷡ǽĽĦߵ䷶ðյԴβýĽŭѡ
Ϊµǣ־ڸӡ
ǸѰĴ̿ͣ˸°ڿеħǵʡ
ڱɭֶĸۡڣǡſơʯ챦ֳͯһǡ׹ɥ⣬ǡ͡ᰲ͡𻷡ûС
ǰǰû̿Ů߰ݣмˣʲô֯

֪
ס
ɭֶ֮ڣΣʿһǧɡ
ô˵ĦֵѾԵĪĸо־ʧĦͻϮ̰ļƻֻܸǳ
Ҳ˵Ҫǲ̿ͣĦжᱻ
飡
Ľһڼʵ̨֦ϣԲ̨ʱѣϡ
ԭӢӱ쳣׹۾Ŀϣſ輸նϵĲӣԼǰǰƬյǣĽеŭѾƵӿ
ֲԵʮͽɡ˸ʢŭĽĽǰ˵
ܻ飬ԡԪɡһڸֲûС
һڽĽңǸةĸġʿ񣬼ĽŭһУسԵةˣ˲µòǡᡯǱȷˡ
Ľȵ죡
һ˵ͷȥ
ĽĿɨ£ɫɽ쿪ʼ˵ȳ붼ͬУڽгŲ飬춯ߣ͵ɱжҪʼƫƫڹϡ
˶֪֮ĴʵڷǳأոմӡԪɡж÷ֶʵȨĹؼʱ̣ƿְոսɿ裬ô£ڷֶ֮ڣ˭ԼİΣأ
Ľת˳ʵˡᡯǡšΪ˵϶ļƻԴﵽϮЧˡ֪ͨ·ңȫжգǸԷӲӲĴɣƾǵ֣Էֻڵָ֮䡣
ȺС̫ꡱۣһĨ¶룬ΪӢĽüһ˵ү˼ǲȡͻϮҪĿǱ⹥ƺж̼͢Ͼƺǳ͢ġ򶫽볯͢ϵǳ͢İġҪ֪࡯֣չõĶھݲԶפҪǳ֡
̫ˣĽٿȻۣгص֣չýηսפ֮ãĦ뽻սССֵĲĦΪС˵ȵС󱲸Ϊ㣬й¶ڶԷδӦ֮ǰһΪǿ
̫ꡱۼĽ̬˼Ҳͱտڲˡ
Ҳô۵Ļй̫ǿӲԼ绽ϾҪλ̫֧֣ǽĽһЦ˵̫Ի֣չãǲò֪ͨݷֶ棬߶쵻йע͢һһзǰݵˮ½ͨó͢˳ǰͷҡ
һͷʾͬ⡣
ͬʱ۵ɫҲԱúÿһ㡣
ԣһʿ磬ͷ񾧸պǶڶУȣͬӢֻ࣬룬ԵЩǡ͡¦Ϳཻʱ֮ɫ׷ʵةǲ֪̿͵ƽϢ
ûĽɫ䣬Ȼ˵̿ͽƻ쳣Ѱֻ·ᵢҪжԲ֮ǰұרҵʿò˶˱ᵽ˰ɡģһõԷͷģµǾעⰲȫˣò˶þܽ̿һ򾡡
רҵʿ
˲ػӡ
רԴ̿͵רҵʿѵǳ͢Ĳ첻ɣ
ŽĽһصı飬˶Լͷѹȥѯʸʲ⡭
ǿܵöϲãݵصةˣ֮ǰķԸн븮ְԱܹʮΪһԱۼģ֪ةǷҪһ£
ĽһȻ˵Ĵ̿ͻǰô
Ŷһ˰ȫϳֶɡ
ˣĽһ֣˵ֽ׶ΪҪľǰġ˵ļϸȫɱ˰ɡҲȺԱĹףᱻĸսռ磬ֵģ
˻Ȼ򣬷׷ｯĽĸհԶ
ԴͬϹϵСӡ׷̫ꡱʱһεͺĴԿǣٺЦةˣǲ֪ƿϹδأ
˲ɵٴ¶ĵɫϾѻƿǵˣھƿ췴Ҳ
ĽһЦ˵϶ʶ࣬Ҫսж֮Уߡߺߡ˵һۡƽ͡׿Ǿ鷳ְδ飬ɣ
֮ƽ͡׿̵һЦ֮ǰ²ء
˺ȻЦ˿ԼΪκεĲףб֮ģչ¶š
ʿ˫ƽٹ磬ϵشԴԻһʢ
˵Ⱦһ㶣Ҳޱϵƽ˫֣ʥ꣬ȵԴԻһʢ١
һʱȣ

Ҷ£һ·һǽլĴԺܱͬūͣҶһ˿õĸо
Щ˶븮ۣ˷Ѿעڲ鷽棬ȻһЩ֮ǰԼιʲǰ£Է˸ЧؽĿ궨λѾǱȽϿˣ
Ҷװһʧı飬ٽլۡţһģ˸࣬Ȼڰ󺺵Ƥ޳鵽Լ֮ǰվͬʱѾһʯӡ
ƾԼʱĹ򣬸ɵȺڻ¡
һ˱ץʱǻԵüΪһ˶˱һȺ˷侲
šڡ˼룬Ȼ˼ҪҵʲôˣԼûɹֻҪʵã鷳Լͷϡ


028 뱱ɭ
ͥԺܵĸǽԼկ¥УȥİʿǿһɱڵӣҶõĸоԽԽǿҡ
ǽʮĸ޹ɱֶΣĲɵóȥ
ȺԲΪ˼˷ʲôʱ䣬Ȼлɣõİ취ץֱӴ
ʮڵ϶׳һѣҳ
Ҷ߶ȼУ˵ͻȻԸаοǣ⸽ֻ֣δκεǿߣ⣬Ӧò⣬ˡҶ̾Ϣ񵱳ǶʮһҶûκΰ취֤ǵİȫֻϣԼع֮󣬰̵ЩܹŹǰɡ
뵽Ϊ뷨ֻºʵ֡
ȴ˽ʱһҵĽŲһӽʮ˵İʿӵһӵСԺ
Ҷɨһۣλӵλ֮ǰйġʿ
İͷĿǰ񣬵ڵһͷǼưؿ˶һصǣһٴλͷĿһͷĿͷʾס
ǸͷĿվֱ壬Ȼȵھ
ܸߴʿٿȻǿһ˶һصʮۣǵ˾߶Ƚţҳһš
Ҷ۾һУתʯʱ׼֣
ֻͷĿȵ˵мϸ˵ȣѲ֮ةɵš
ס֣
ڶʿ׼ɱ֮ʱСԺ֮⣬͵شһȣԺŴȻһ죬űƬſڵİʿʱͷѪһء
ԡƿΪףţͷ桱ֵܰң߸һڸһ˽Ҷط֣ڻƿ󣬲»ͥڣȻСѸȡַʨӡʯտţǵյһɸڣжٶˡ
һ㽫ʿСԺеһ࣬ڵϵһȫ˳
ܹ»ָͥ˲ѪһץסҶӣ˵СĪ£үڣ˲㡭
ƿϣıѪ۹ɱˣҲ´Ҷһۣͷ˵ģСҵˣܰŴܰŴȥ
Ҷ㶣֪λشźá
ʲôԼˣʱתԼ
ԱߵġѸȡַһҶļ򣬵˵ûˣ󿿡
˵ŰҶ󣬿Ҷʵ񣬼ַ˵Ⱥ˶ǴⲻٸĦֵܣһ뿪ֶ棬û뵽˵Сӱץһﱾѵ̵ķ˹֣һһ֣־϶ٸֵܣ̻Ҹﶯ֣
Ҷ˷ףȺ˱裬һĦˣίʵƣѰ˼Ҹڴһɷ£ϸҶ¶ݣһҲڸڴȥˡ
ҲպãԴ޺绨ϣҲ˼Ϊϸ˽⣬ɱжֹͣʹõĴɱֶҲԸӱ仯ˣõ˷ʤ
˼ҶĬĬȺУ̬չ
Ȼһֽ˶ʱûĽһɡͽɡָϵԪɡԷϹӥΪףҲ˵أ̬ڱɭֶЫῥȴг岻ʣԸ˻ˮ
Ϲӥ롰ƿǳԿȰִ˾ٲףֵֵܲԹ޷⿪ֵԸŻ̷ּĦ룬ֹ˼̿أαԹȥƿɫ˵ֵ֣ܽԹĦΪҵȱӻֻ뿪˵زãڣ˼
ƿ̾һ˵лϵȰֵһùãЩÿˣֹҲ޷̣ԩʱʱ˳Ц裬һսʹ졣һƿⱲ٣ȫޣʬҰҲǾȡұϥС˱Ϣȴ
ƿԱֵܵĴ硰ţͷ˳ҲǼᶨ˵ƴ˵Ĳ˴ʹ죬þһкξ壿ֵܿϸŴһͬ췴ԴͱϣʱԶģ㡭ߺߣ˴үү
˳һΧߵĴ͡
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ǣӹ⵶ͷѪþǸ̹ӱظǲ˲ٵСԲܡ
ˣTMD˭ɣ˭ɣӲˡ
˵úãֵɽͷһңڣ

ҺֳһţһߡûĽȫɫ࣬ɱڡ
ʿʵةˣڸô죿
Ľɫ࣬ҲЩңû뵽ȺĻڹ£ͬʱҲû뵽ˡƿ֮⣬ֵӲɣȻ˲ڵˮƽ롰쾳һ࣬ôҲĦɫʳ֮ζ֮ϧ
ôһֻ֣´Ͳύˡ
Ľôһԥϵġƽ͡׿ǰ˵ةҩûȥȺ֮ãʱͽʵǾղһԣ䵽ʱģ簴ǰƻߣȻǡ׿͵͵˸еĶ
Ľüͷ壬˼ɵһ
š͡Ҳһ˵ة֪ȲƱڴʱľٶֱҽ̵ͽּۻۣѽ֮ɵ
Ľ۾һɨһۣɫȻͳһɱġ˵֧֣ĽĴǱ漤ҵĽĬȻʵ֣λֵܣǷȥѾ
ƿһĦʧһЩĽһǰԸûУϧԼôΪĦѪĿɨֵܣŻشˡةҵΪĦķϣǷʹ˷ҵȥأ
Ľ̾Ϣ˵ﻰֵĦȥֵʵѹûвɢϯȻֵȥѾةѡÿλֵܶȡʮȨ·ʰɡ
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ƿһϯǵýĽɫٿȻһ䣬
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ƿźةҵֵܻһ󡭡

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ֻкҪ󣿡

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ǧ˵Ӵڲһʱ뿪
վ¥俴һеĽĽʱûȻΪԼ޴ڣǽŭȫתƵͷ˵ϡ
Уǡƿȶ֮äĿڵ棬ɭֶ棬ʱ߿˶֮һԱײ۸һɨգˮӶŰȺ֮У·Ħıɭֶ˺ˮһ㣬޾ȥ
ֱʱ򣬽ĽʶԼ˶ôشδôĦıɭֶ棬͢Ͱ׵һԴ˴£ĦڼڲԱ룬ĦڶأԪϸֱȥ
ôĦ·󣬶Ա룬֤ݡڽϸĦϵ󣬴޴Ĵ
ԼǳԶˣ
ƿᡢ˳Ҷ֮أ
Ľҧгݵ˵
ʱ¥ݴ⣬һ󽹼ĽŲʿ°ڣϸ¥Ľ֮ǰةˣڵĳȫˣ֪Ļʳô죿

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029 ׷ɱ
ƺƵؿ˱ɭǣϼҴڵһ·ͬӻĵ
һ뿪ɭǣɢ˼ӣЩ켣ڵ߼Ҿ죬ͷѪӻҲһûп·ֺһ췴ĺڵ棬ƾʲôȥƴʲôģʵڡ
Լÿͥиңһ˱ɭǣлļҾ±ɢعϾЩҲݵ˾Ӷ࣬Ҳ죬ģܽȥҲ
ǺڵڷԵʱ򣬾Ѿʧȥ˵ľ
ֻǳĦԼ˱ͱӣǺڵĴɡ
ҶҲȥ֮Ȼ뿪˱ɭǣ绨Դޣһ£һţͬʱҲʮֽţ֪绨ƺϢôˣûжԵ˵͵Ϯж
»ͥһֱԼʹҶ޷ʱ
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ִ硢ʯ硢磬׼պȥﰲأҶǰļַʯտʵ
ַһЦ˵ƴʮ࣬ŷЩ칻ˣôҲЩ׼ϼ֮ĶǸլӣͷݣ´ȭ
ʯտЦûûԺô£źȿͷԺ̶ӴѵĹҲ̶ˣåֶΣ
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˴ЦҶȤʵôλͬһطʿô⵹ˡ
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ΪҶõδĻ泩˵ڡ
гԹͬϣҲп֡
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Ҷ˵ܸڰ˳䡣
»ͥҶһۣʵСӣ˵ӵĳܱô
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»ͥҶһθɫֻǼᶨ˵ͺãͺá
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»ͥתȥԴʹˣ˯߲ãֲϲͷϲͷϵЩӲ
»ͥԶҶҲףλͷηԼˡ
벻ԼյѨȴûеʵҲԼЩͷǰ˹ȷԼûݣʱûڹ򣬽ԼȥʱʱһԱȣ̿ͲԼǺˣ
벻ͷûԹԼӣȻԼɱжͷͨԼҲǺ֡
»ͥǵԶȥҶίʵѰ
ʱҲ԰ݱˣ׼ƿʱҲҶĸǰ̾ϢСӣð㶪СôҪҪϷߣĺģ
ҶףλƿǸʡ͵ĵƣϾһڵ֣ԼĵʱôûõˣֻϲľգԼֺãʶһʱȡˡ
Ҷæڳ֮ɫ˵үСĹˣȥģСҲӦȥģС˼ݣҲûлȥˣͷ˵ӣȥҲҫ棬ίʵûеүɱ˵ġѽ̫ˣĲٴˡ
ƿЦͷҲˣ书Ҳ׸ǷɣǸСϱȥɡš
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꣬ƿҲŰʧ·ľͷ
Ҷһһ⣬Уп
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ڵ֮ˣǶӯ֮ͽɱ
Ѿ֣ǿߵݿ˵ԽӵǿԽҪÿԼȫԸϲ£ӽƣɻаΪһΪɱ˿ħ
ħкηֱ
Ҷϲ𣬵ϣжϱȽ롣

Ҷˣٶٵһ֮Уһ죬ٴαԼԭģݶ飬Ƭαص˱ɭС
ڳ̣һֺ̹ű绨Խõĵص㣬İš
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ҶڽֿڵС¥ȴ绨кԴ޵ĵʱѾʱôǻûеأѵǲڳУ
ҶЩغһˮƣȴƷˮǺǻ
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Ҷ۾ʱһһã


030 ನ
ĦЩ׾ڳǣĿ궨Ȼǰǵˡ
Ҷд벻ĽĳĴˣȻں꣬ЩҲµ֣ҿԱģġˣȻ˼֮⣬ЩֺͨҾ춼׷ɱĶ
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ƻֵģߵǰʰ꣬һӣһ껩һ£һء
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ֻƽľϣһжʮӱĳƽ̯֮ϣֹ򹻺˵ģӶıˣ˵ԴҲڻ¡
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ɫ԰׵ĵСҲŵԼûе˼ҡ
ϰ壬˵ܿٳôҪ۰湩ɡ˵˼Ҫ֣˼ҵĹ˵ܷһ
ϰһĴȣ˵СⱲӶŵ仰Ͻʰ޸ɾǰĳңԺǲСӡˣǽСһǬ

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һиһĸߴĴЦһûĵǸмߣŵƨ֪ν
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һƬ֮
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ΧȺв˶ǺȻɫǾƹϰͶҲЩ
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ȺĦ뱱ɭֶ潻鲻ǳɫٿȻһ䣬ǰˣҪһĦˡ
Цŭ⣬ʵ۾ע⵽ĳЩ˵ɫˡֻǲȥ෴ƺй¶вأ˵¶Ħ֪
ͬ飬ҲһڱɭڸطŴɵַ׷Ħĵ̬֮鱨ɭֶ潯Ľİ֮ǰ
Ľüͷп־ʢµİױոǲȥ׷ɱͽǿ֮ʱŴɵĸ֣Բƺ˵ֶΣǳ֣͢ѵ֣չĸͬĦ뿪սɣ

ǶƹͣףԺգǸողǸˣǰ;һ
ıѣǰλʵһƱ˵ıˣһƶܰⶰС¥ඣ
Ҫ˺棬ҪƻԸʵҪ󣬾Ͳǹ;ĸߵˣǶĿ
λȥСֵܣⷽʦġ
ľ壬мߵıֵֵ
ʱѾΧһʵһ෢¸⡣
һǽͬʵصľ壬ǽڣ췢һ飬ּѻϣܳΪгʥһĵؽ磬ǸʱĸĺҪҲ԰һ¿ĸ³̶ȣ˼ǰһϸߵͣԻǮǧ˰ģͿŶʮһһġ
͵Ȼ벻ʮȻΪ˵׷㼣Ӣ¼Ĺ۹ʤ֮һ
ΪҶǽʱ֣ÿεķҲǵһһεĵز⻹ǾƹϰӦĹϵˣҲҪõĳӲֵԼ
ÿһľ嶼ᱻϸһ˳ͷأΪƹľϳפͣҶһչ
ʮһ֣˰˹һ֪ˡ


031 ѹȺа
ɭҹճǣֻĦԼһɳУҶΪ˲¶вأ˸ȦѰһǽ©˳ǳء
Ҷأб㷭һתͬڵһ˳ȥֻڿһ˿Ӱ
뵽Щ޴޹Ҿ죬˿ļ١
ȫչںҹ¹һĨӰէ֣ȡóڳٶȣ׷ٰһټ
Ҷһ٣ͬһٿȻɳʮף˫һԭѵٶȶȻֿɣ²ʱľ㣬άµٶȣͨ˫ĶٶȲͣصӣȵҶۼٵ˾Ŵֱ֮ϵٶѾԭʱٶȿ屶࣬һԾ֮Ѿǰ׾룬ٶȿ쵽ѱ棬ʧ˿УҶʯıʣƽʱһƿޣʱٶȴﵽ˵ز΢һ˿΢졭
ֻ֮Ҷ΢һҶѲ֮ϢèͷӥҲֻǾͻȻõ΢磬ëһ£ֵҿһ޷֮󣬼ѰԼ
ҶŹٵٷɳа룬ٵѾǷʬߴ棬⣬Ѿ̵аͽɱҶŭãΨҧǰУֱ˶ʮأǰɱк֮紫ҡ
Ҷⱻа̹᳹˷İû˿ĺøУǵɱ˷ŻͿ̿飬ʱֲ棬ֱ磬ߣȫٳɱȥ
Ҷֻ֣ƽҰ죬һȺٶɫװİڣΧһ߰ʮ˵ɱ鱻ΧΧֻжʮ˵ߣĴļߵļҾ죬֮⣬Ҳ߰˵ʿ
ҶֻһɨӣϳߵеļϤףǡѸȡַʨӡʯտţǵڴˣʵ׵İг˼ַ֮⣬ϴˣѪܣǱ
ս֮׾һɽϣʮ󺺣һͷӵ⣬Ժڽͷǳϡ
ַΪ׵ȺߴʱԲ󣬿ֿʮҾ죬ҿ־֮ɫߡ˸ɻ͵ߣ˶ʧȥս
ַ˻˺ڵҲǼݣ˫սʱ䣬һвսҡ
ǡѸȡַڡؾҲһŵֶҲΪף˫ͬޣ߻Ӱ߰ߵƣӦһ˶ܲظһţ۵һѪ֮ʬֱӷɳȥףҽȺС
һԱߵİҲץ϶߲໮һɼǵĵۣĺˣѵӭͷ£һԵġʨӡʯտһŭ˫һڣ˼ַһ
ʯտȻÿγֶǿͬŭʨһʹһͬţǴ󵶵ķգѪۣұѾ޷֣ЭԮ
Ⱥ϶׷ɱߣȻֿҲ¶ƣ̬ǿ֮ĩнȫ𡭡

һŮӵĲҽȴһŮӱͶĶì˸͸

һ۵ıУһ߰Ск˹ȥ
ڸոգλĸͻͶìԼĶ˿ԼȴɥͶì֮¡
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Ȼ˵ġţǵһ˫ĿĿ˲ɱ㡪
˫󵶣͵س˳ȥɱȺ֮У
ϷҪ嶯
ַٿȻɫ䣬ȰѾ޷ƿŭķա
ŭķգնİ촦ҲһǹֱӴ͸ԼҴȣεض˵ϡ
ͶìİЦųгìһֱʺ
˫Ŀͨ죬һ˫ֽٿȻ˳ȥгظ֮䣬͸Էһĵǰʹ֮ɫ
ܱձɣǰܹΪӱ𣬷淸Ц⡣
գԼĲҾ磬ֵ
ճȥֻмԶ룬ѾԮֲˡ

ոʧȥĸ׵СкֽʧȥףУҲ޷ܵʹ࣡
һǣ΢΢һ˿⣬ֻ΢΢һ̾
Ŀ

ڴ˿̡

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ͻȻγһɼֲȫÿһͽеϣ·һֻסеıٿȻ֮䣬ϰٰѸʽȫ˰С
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˵עͶ˰У
˫۾ٿȻͷ
һڵĴ󶴣ͬµľ֮ڣϰٰλεĵƯ˺ڶԵڸסеľ󣬵ϡܹһ˵Ӱ
δ£ڶһۿɼľٿȻţЩλεĵȻƬͬϮÿһƬƤž˵ԵƥĽ𡭡
ͬŽһܼġۡƬ˺ÿһͽ壬Ȼֹ
ⳡȥ塭
ֻɲǼ䣬ٰͽ׷ױԼıƬɱѪۣɺӣֳʱ޵
ַݴͣ׷עĿǰħӰƬá
ջ巢һվԼ֮⣬ǰʮİ֣Ա֮ǰʻһ⣬ԼȻһ񱩵ı֮°ȻǸͬħһ¶ԾĿ뻯
ˣȻҶ
ǻķߺޣĳֺ飬ԺڵҶõ˴ˡ˼ȫħа̺ħ£Ƭ鲻á
Щ˼ά͸˲һȥ̻ˣҪӲҪѪһǲ̫ܵ顣ɽ׸ģƣ˵ľˡ
ַԭطļҾУ˱ްĳŵþֳ»ָ˻˻ŵ˹ȥ
˷յĶ˫۾䣬֮⣬˶ǾĪı飬ַĸ֡
ΪҶֲַ̫ˡ
ҶʱϾȥַǵȥһɽͷϵһӰ
ӰͷĿҶҪ˵жãҲԼľԮܹӵЧ
ͻȻϮҶʼ뷨ǸҶ֮䣬һ֮ͬͷ֮һֽУʮҶҪسǸСͷĿǻͷܣܲˡ
Ҷһһ֣Уһ꣬һ˦

׼ܲһƬССƣٿȻȺУӭʮͽѪ㣬ʱҶһɸӡ
ʬ廹δ֮ʱһ̷ɹӴܵͷĿס˺ӣٿȻ˻ȥ


032 ƻб
Ҷ飬Ҹ»ŻԲѵǸСͷĿ
ոռ򵥵һѶثͰ֪һжһ
ԭһݻͣȻǡʮС̿͡ճ˵Ķӡࡱ̳ʹ֧ӷڣֻϧҶһڶûõֳܡ
˱ķֲ֮ҶûǷת˻̳ص˼ַ˵ĸǰ
ַæԽڶϥ򵹣ǧлл֮ҵȸм
Ҷֱӽ̳ϣǰ廨СӻҪɱ۵Ĵһȭߣʵࡣ
Ҷһʱ֮ǰԼݸװƲȻȻ˵ַԣʵû°ɣ
˻࿴һ֪λôϤǻʻ
мַȵǼƤˣ޴󰭣մֵܸ֮Ϳءлر
ҶѾʱǸ̳֮⣬һ˴Ⱥ߻عԸмη۹ƿּò٣ֶ˸ɾģټ
ҶָԼңѵӣȻЦΪ֣ҵȽŮ˵ö֮²һС䣬˭ҳݡǰΣգǻعǲȫպҲⲻЩа˵Ѫȱȥɡ
Ҷ˻һ˵ַ˶֪֮Է飬ֻȻá
ַ̾Ϣ˵ҵȾǽʧ֮ͽǸĦְ׵ֵĦ롭ԭؼũڿ֮ûҵȵ֮ˡ
ַĻﴥ˵뼰Լһδ֪ˣַȻʧɫǼҾ֮ҲĿмҲܻأǵδһƬڰ
ҶֱӴӻͳһľƣȴոдõӡţֻԼ˲ܿ
Ҷľƽ˼ַ˵ȥһ´˵˿԰ǵȥǲַô˽͵ݵؽ磬ֻҪɵΧܰǴǡ
ԭɵĸˣ
ҶĽܣַ⼸ԭΪľˣӿֳ˴֣˸ɱֻǽ϶õľ޿ܣһʱ˶Ƴδн롰ʮʵΨһвͬĵطҲǲ²롰񡱵ʱ䳤̶ѡ
벻ǰڶɢɰ㵭ʵˣȻɵĸ֡
Ҳֻ˼һɿ˴׿
ʵǿĦ붼ǲãǵıȻĵĺܡ
ַԸлԭɽĸˣҵȸмм
ҶҪ£ȻԸ̸ЩЦһ֣ˣһ·Сıذɡһָ̳˽ˣĦˣЩô
ַһͷ̳ɫú
ǶǺڵϵǿͽʵôȻ׵Ľպ˾ԲùΪָӣֵɥڴˣ漣̳ϻ졣
ҶһУһЦŵ˱дɱȥ

Ҷ˵ʮĵط绨лӲӬһһ˦֣סԼԴ˦˰գŭңϵ㣬ҵȲϵ㣡
绨һиոմƺѰľȣ˫üŭĿԲ졣
Դתͬһ˸䣬䵽绨еԱߣסԷжޣѾTMDô࡭ôǻƻĲõġ
ø񣡡绨Ϊһۿ汻ɱôϽ𿪡
Դ޼һֹ绨ãæתԱ߱⽣Ȥֵаӣ㵹ǰæһ룬һס
аЦҵֻɱˣˡҪǸӣҿ԰ɱ
͵һתһӣһаٿȻһбΪ롭
ֱִţƤȴûֽУǴսٻغϣ绨ֱаһνҪǰȴԴñס
˻ûأԼ߾Ϳ˰
Զ㣬Լֵܣô˵ʹ򣡣Դ޷һ˵ȰǷ
绨ֵܣֵܣ뵱ֵܣһûĲʸ񣡡
аԵҵĽֻɱˣԡ
绨һ̴Ĵָ֣Ӽһ˵ȾҪĹȥ
аҲʾһ⽣Ȼ˵Ҫ̳
Դһѱס绨Ĵ绨ǰȥԶ˼˵ϣۼ˽ڼԴһ磬Ҵˣ
绨ٿȻһ٣վסͷЦǺǵ˵ʲô
ûԴ޴ſǻ˵˵ģˣ
绨ȣȵؽԴ޷ЦҶأ㿴㡭ǳɣôˡŻͷűľȻаأʲô
аֱӰ⽣嵽·ղʲô鶼ûһ˵Ǯû
绨ٴһ̴Ĵָ޵ˬ죡
뼰һȺǿߣԴᣬTMD񾭲

绨кԴ޲ǰһ𣬾ƺ֮ڡ
ƺ̰Ҷṩ鱨ƶһƼƻҪϣ䲻ⷴĦ֣ס˵Ĺƣͬʱڲͽ
˵ĦһǿƣƺȡǱصƣΪǱԼʵͬʱЧɱ˵˵ʵ
ƻƶɺĵڶ죬˾Ȼһδ뵽Ǿһֵɵĳ͢رж飬ӣȻǻʸ̩
Ѿ쾳Ļʸ̩ħ¿֮Ժͻ쾳磬һҶֵܣ̩Ͷɢʯ֮⣬˵ȫ졣
ʸ̩ȶ쾳֮󣬻ʵϵһ񣬱Ǵһ֧ټĸھˣǸɾԺĵʵǿߣԻʸ̩Ϊ죬ʦݣĦ
֮ǿߵļˣƺıƻΪĦһֲ
͢ȷոս뱱ɭ֮󣬱̽鵽Ħڲѣһ뿪ɭǣĦĵİҹ׷ɱƺϣһСֶǸĽѹĸֽԮڰ·ٽɱļƻ
ҲǵڱɭΪλͬʱð೯ֵ͢ԭֻЩм٣žˣʵǼðĸѾ˳⣬ֻĸֻԮ֮ʱһټ
ֻļƻȴΪ绨мƽɱ޳֣һ˿СС⡭


033 ˫ɮ
ƿӵһҴܣȺӰһʱѱ٣Χİʿִٳ֣ȴûһ˵ıڻƿϡ
ƿֳצƮٿȻ֣צӰ֮£ҽֻһ֮䣬гİʿƳʬ˱צץˣѪܡ
ƿһ٣Ѫһϱ۴ϵ˿ٴαѣѪӱлγ
ƿɫһ԰ףͷԷΣǴѪĺ֢ͬʱаҪԼֶϱۣ书ۿֻۣǸղһУ֤еٶʮˣ߱˵ĵ
뼰ǸȻ͵ϮԼ˵ġƽ͡׿ƿŭȣԷʱסԼҪԼһ뿪Ħĸնɱ
Χļ֣ӡգ̿͡ճˣƽ͡׿ĴкڸΧ£ԷɱԼ˼ö˵ֻûгֵġ׷̫ꡱ̫ꡱۡ͡¦͡ڣ˵Լֻ¡ţͷ桱ֵܶҲѲˡ
ƿһΣֻӰʿʺ׵ɥ̬¶ΧϹ֮ƱһˣƿſյΧŭСαб¶ֱۣѵûȡͷ𣿡
Χսġƽ͡׿ȻЦƥĳд⣡˵һ˦ɺ磬ȳ˱ҪһŵĺƽٿȻʣ˵ɶͬһȺеġƿ߰˴硢Ƶı֮ͬһһ졣
ۺ죡
ƿ֪Լδ֮ǰҲǶԷĶ֣οԼֶһۣԣһٴȺУԼĲͽΣס׿Ĺ
׿ʽʩչȫȵĻƿԷĹ㹥ԼʱŭTMD۵Сҹ
ʵ׿һ̣ЩʿѾΧ˱ˣֻǻƿգӲǲ˶鵱УȺ˵㵽Ҫȡʤ
ۼƿһйֱȡ˫Ŀƽ͡һ¶˳ȫǰͬŵ͵һٿȻһնһڿն𣬵ǰ׾롭
ҽ
ʮʿƽ͡׿һΪΣ˭ûϵλԼҵĸֻڽʱ̶Լʹ¶֡
ƿҲûϵ
αˣǰۣ
Ȼûȫֹƽ͡׿յһ
һ䣬ź
һʮԶܲİʿӲײУƿǰһĽۣѪ
ƿɫʱ԰ףһĺ죬һʱܲסȴƣۡһ³һѪ
ƿ֪һ˼βڴѪȻһʱֻѱȻؿһЦݵ׿˵׿øݶСˣϷ߽ʮ꣬Ҳĺ֮ͽ֮㣬С׼סͲɱ̫࣬бӦôȿȡ
ƽ͡׿Цݳ׾¶Цݣ϶ЩͬΪĸռ磬ңĺܣĸ󷨻֣ɱ˲кξգƥҰ̣簢ǵʹ࣬վĳһ̡
ޡ񾭲ƿһڰѪˮĭ˹ȥ׿ױ£ҧгݵ˵ϹҿǶתڤ粻飬㱥ƤϹ֮࣬ͷ֮ޣ
̽һȡһָ̡ͷ繳İƤС׿УЦ˻ƿ
ڴʱ˴УͻȻһɱ֮Χİʿʲô˵Ĺ˲ɵεʱкɱͻȻֹͣ
е֮ʡ
𡪡
һʨ𣬱Ȼ𡭡
һɫɭȻγһɳľҶȻһɣҶһӿֱ֣϶ʮ׸ߵգѹѹķŷɫɳӭѹ͵Ħˡ
ֻæ˿ֵҶγɵı˲ѹӣɳҶײûֱ죬ЩĻ𻨲
ƽ͡׿еԼҰһҶڱ֮ʱһãϵƿȻһʱܣܻǰʮಽ𶯳ûǿƺĿֻΪ˳Ҷҵľ棬ΪĿľǾԮƿ
뵽˴׿Ȼǰʮȴ͵ظеǰƿԭվλãһӰڣѵƿûߣ
׿һɲҪǷǻƿʱһ¡¡ƿĽɫԼǰƥǰһʯ׿ովΣ޷жܣæֻͦ񵲡

׿ûκα죬ֻǶͬͬ󺣵ĳϫ֮һ𶯣ˡ
׿һɲǣ˴͵ı֮£ھ˵ľ£˲䱻ɫ缤ڵһ㣬ɳȥҶϣڵʮ׵Ȼҽһ֮С
׿
һɰ̵ٿȻѣȣ̿͡ճ˵ֵܣѸٷɱȥ鿴׿ִġӡ˫Ŀ׹㣬ǰҶ˷׹ϡ
Ǹطһͬߴ󵫸ΪʵӰ¶˳
绨˶ľȣ߳Ҷϣ󣬴ɫҶѾ˰׸ߣǹһƬ򣬸Զĵط֦⣬ֻǵĲҶ֦ͷڴеǰһƬƽأƬҶ桭
绨ֳεʱ򣬡ӡüͷһ壬˫Ŀ׹´£ΪӷͽݣзŵӶԼȵĳޣһһֳ뵱ȻذѶֵ׷ɱԼС
ӡͭһĳøڣĴһ飬һǧľȣֻһ˶ĶƤȻڹһȻײͭӣһȻЦ޵𣡣С
绨ҲԷٿȻվϵĴȺؿ˿Щ૵ֱüʲųһоˣôɱþˣ
ӡնʱûԳԼĿˣ벻վȻôһҲԼµķŵӣ˫Ŀͭһŭһߣ͵һٷž֮ȣһһֱһľ޿ӣ涼ƺζһ£ʾӡյĸ
ԭ绨Уһֱʱӡн಻׵ļһ£һ֣˵濪ۣȻҲ⵹Ǹüһ̧ͷŭӡһۣ߾ͺʶİļһãǹȻȫʬ
ӡճҽᣬ̨˵ı˭벻˸۵ģȻԼб⡣
Ҫ֪ӡгڣɱ֣ԭڵزش֮˽ڰı֣Ĵɮ֮һķպж˲Сͷӡյ׼񣬱ͨʮ궼ܰȻ˾ȿν˲ٺ͡
ⲻ֪ǳ绨УδȻͱԷıβӡŭ죬һŭ𣺡С֪бµԼáţ
ӡһ٣Ȼڿգһʮ׾룬оȴ˶磬Х绨еԴ


034 ޳Χ
绨вԴԼаһͬжôôʱȻһˣս̵Ļ̸֣
ԭڲ֮ǰ绨Դޡа˵ȷͬжֳɼɣɱɢӵߺͼҾ죬Ϊ˸õؾˣΪܾȸ޹ߣҲԶɢԾԮ
֮ǰԴǧǧҪĦ֣ⱻԷΧ⻰绨ڶΧһϱ֮еŭԴ޵ķԸյһɶɱ˳ȥ
Ҳ绨пΪ֮
ΪԴֻ֮ǻɱһڵǿߡͷ̡ʵ˲ɣ绨ʮֲˬ
ҪɱȻɱʹ죡
Ȼڵʵǡ쾳ڶľ磬ʮһġͼԲġ޺ɶ񹦡˫طǿṩʮľȫֲкڸֵĲ࣬ѹԷͷ
Դʱڵġӡգ绨޾ɫԷһȹڹͬص󴸣ͷ£绨һúáһдȣһġ
䣡
һʤȴ֮ǰ׿Ǵεǿĳֱ绨Ľ׶ľ޿ӣȻȻ⴫ݣмۿɼĲٿȻɢ⻹Χ绨ϰٰʿʱͬƲһ紵ɣڰ׿⣬ѪС
Ϊ˵λӡպ绨Ҳܡ
ӡձһˣغ⣬ʮಽ˫ֽվȣȴԲͣ
绨н˫ȴϥ˳˻Щʹ磬Щ޵ؿɻ״ĴȣһٽľȣȻڸղŵһӣҪʱ̲һ£Է֧ȾͲԼļϣˡ
绨һƣԼ̫͹˶ʺУ벻ԷȻһҲֱֵ߰Լ֮ʱڵԼϻӦ࣬ԷŨΪأԼĻ񹦣ҲЩԲ
ͬһʱ̣ġӡգű绨Ҫ޴ľȡ
ΪڸոһԷ֮󣬾Ⱥޱغ˶Էļͷ˵ӦôܼĹ죬û뵽ͷԷֻǻεһ¼򣬱ͬûһѵԷŲԼĻ񹦲ɣ
뼰жԷʱðĽɫâӡղɵһȻһž˵ʧѾõĹ˫Ŀһеһ˿š

Ҷһ̣һ£еıĪȥֵɶأ֮ǰԼɱ¾˵ıҲԼɱ
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аԼ⽣İ֣ﲻüƬƲϵģȴžĽᡣ
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绨۵һѪĿ׺ݵضŶġӡգԼߵġ̿͡ճˣɫЩǱġƽ͡׿
Ȼ绨һɣ׿Ͼڵĸ֣ûܵ˺ֻ˫־𶯲ѣһյĹ΢ָˣʵʱҲɡ
Իָ׿Я̿ճˣ绨ĳʹɱ֣ӡڵˣûһ֮ȫںʲôΧΧкڵĸ֣Χ绨һٺɱ绨ġ޺ɶ񹦡нԲֵܹס󲿷ֵıγɵ𵴣Ȼ绨˲ˡ
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ӡչһЦĪĪС߷Ż񹦣үҲĺܣϧ겻֪ӲҪϻϰë̫ͷ϶ץס֮鷳ֲҪ̫죬һ߹ܲźá
̸Ц·Զ绨һ㣬˿ں绨ɱ˰Ŀ⡣
ӹʱһѵġƿԶԶһߣļǵؿųսֵı仯ʱȵСʦŭģȴȡ͵Ҫ
ƿһԿУλʮĽֻ绨Ȼʱܹƿ绨Ļ֣ƣȫ޷ƿ绨ȻΣȴ绨в
绨вڡӡϣΪͬǿĻ񹦣ӡָ֪ǿȻ񹦵ڣǾǲͣغȵһգãķҲ½ʱҪɱֽ򱶡
ֻȻҲ͹绨ĺ绨Ǳʵ뻹ɴʱȫעȴʱȴиһǣȻΪʤ


035 ξ֮
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šƽ͡׿ʺһ绨עӡյľٴκ˶Էıģ
ͬûӴһǰһʱĽ绨͵˾۹˲䣬˷·ͬתȫһƬĽɫУӡյһʱ绨ıģľ绨ȻɣһԵֵС
ˣ
ƽ͡׿ᱦȳ˳ȥ֮ǰ绨һΣ澡ʧ޲ý绨Ƥǣӳ졣
̿͡ճ˵ʧҲ׷ųȥ
ӡտŴЦȻȵַģ֪СһС󣬳˷үһȣм˻վ
ӡһ˵ţһߴ̤֣ºȻ·һ㣬ƽƣҲĿ̬չ¶š
Χһ˵ĲҪоȴ·δйһ㣬޳
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Ҳδء
һƮǺѩɽبŲıѩɭ
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Ľ԰׵īȴ߽á
а
׿̿ճٿȻֹסΣһ䱸ضϵؽ͡
ӷô벽Ҿȥˡľлһ춯绨лһЩõɮۣһĨߵѪĭĺ۱ɫ
аһЦҲ𻰣ֻһ˫۾ǰˣǿһȺһ
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ףôǸ֮⣬ͻȻֳ֮ôһ֣ʲôʱôֵǮˣð˶ᡣ
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̴˵ؼ־룡
̿ճ˵ԭЩصյʱΪ֮һɣһ棬εŴԿӹЦλֵܣǻˣҶʹֵܱܻ׽˻ȥҪڽǵƣЧȣ
ӡյ˺Ȼкã
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̿͡ճɭȻ˵֪ߵ͵󱲣Ҫ鷳ֵܼһ̡
̿ճ˴һΧµȺ׸һԾ̿ճ˵ȺŹĻּΪǿˣٿһǱġƽ͡׿ȺиǾѡ
Ⱥ֮£׿׿ҲǱСǺˣ
׷̫ꡱһĨ͹ոĴͺɭ˵Сȸʦкźɣձڣ缸ʱޣǻûȥսپɡ
˵껰Ṧ׿ġ׷̫ꡱһΣ˫ָһֻ쳣Ƥצƴ࣬ԵüΪ˶âậ⣬ȻͿо綾
Ҳãʦһְͬɡ
ǡ̫ꡱۣһйٱʣòһƶ룬ȫһɴķ緶ϧϤԵģ֪Ǹ׼ļͽɱ飬ȫϷŹϼӡ
˵껰Խڶа绨С
ƽ͡׿һҲಽظȥͬʱǸҵģҪְƤƣ
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һͬ⴫һ̶ֱڣڳĸ֣ѪһϢΪ֮һͣɫʱΪ֮䣡
ʲôˣ׿Ȼ˫Ŀо֮ɫƣڸղһɲǣԼһͬʱڻȻ׼ȳڼһ׼߱ƵڶֵʱٿȻֱӺνӵϣʱΪһʱɢнĹʱ洵Ҫۺֻһ¾ܵˡ
Է֮׼֮ݣ֮βĪء
ֻľû֮˵ĻӦǾɢɢĴҶƮ裬·ϰգһʱ֮䣬粽ɾǰȻõس˻þ
Ҷ仨꣬ʻ׹䣬ɫⰻȻ
ɱһʱˣеıҪʶֻ׶˿
״̬άֵӣȺ׵У̿͡ճͻȻһŭХֱϾ죡
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֪Ϸ򣡣
̿͡ճ˵ʱһΧҲһ֮ɫҪ֪⡰ʮţֻڰڲʮ֮˸֪׼ȷгˡ
ǺǣʦҲ֪Աߵġƽ͡׿ʦ͡¦ʦ͡ڽʦǴİ̽ͣʮ֮׹Ҳʶ
ƽ͡׿Ƣ꣬ʱŭȵ㵽ʲôˣȻֱֵܵҲҳԣ

һѲҲƵƿն
׿һֻеһɱʶ֮䣬ὣᵵȴнѣȻһɿգ˸
ԷɱȴǺŵľ
׷̫ꡱɫ䲻Ȼһʼ۹Ѱܣ鿴֮˲δǡ̫ꡱϰͨ쳹󷨡ԡϻ̫ꡱ־̫͡ꡱ콡Ϊ˴ֻ֮˳ʱȥȻûȷ֮˵ľλãʵǹĪѯ˵״õĶһĴ𰸡
Ҳˣ
Ȼһֱ̿ճ˺׿Է˵ԷҲһֱûֹͣ˵̽ĽЩ˼Ⱦɥ
ʱ˾Ȼ֣Ÿղþ˲䣬ǸὣͺǸУҲһʧˡ
ѵԷҪܣ
ɻոγɣõٴδ˷ش׿ʣʮ̫ꡯʤµҲ磬͡ᰲĽҲһ书ϣλĹ򲻻ϡɲźã
˻һ䣬ȺٿȻɫ䡣
ʲôɱΣǸ̿ͣ
ɱ㡪
ƽ͡׿žҪȥȴ̿ճ˺¦䣬ĪҪϵ
ȻԷܹɱᰲôڳˣпܱԷ͵Ϯ֣Բòأ
޳ܼͽˣҹ
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Էٶ˹죬һĪĸоڶ֣澹ȻԷһӲѹʵǼջ顣
ٱ䡣
һңڣ͸֮飬ױȵħ￪ÿһ˵񣬸˵ľԵ仯Ʈɵ⾳˺ƴȻȴһзգֻȴȴɱ¾عȻ֮
Ⱥü壬ЭɱģΪţǴʱɱĶʧȴˣֻ¾ûɱ⣬֮ʱҲ޷γɱˡ
øļһȻӰ˵ռսֵƣ
ˡ
һһ壬ո۵ĻȻɢһɶ
ȻѾ˫ҲǶֵ󣬲þȴǷԼӣȻСֻû뵽Էʩչ㲻̺Ҳ˿Ӱ˵ľز˶һ򣬲ɣȻɵĴȻȻľ˱仯֮˲ѧңһɾ޽
ֻԷŪȺŭʱ𣬽𣬼Ⱥ׹ǿҲЩʧصĸо

ֵĳһزأʲôú

ȺױŭȴǲҷͷѰңԷڴˣִ͵Ϯ˸ұ֤ԼȻȡʤҶڱɭֶеĴɱвЩš
Ⱥ׵ȵȥҶȴԸȵȥĿľȺĸָ꣬Ūڹ֮ĸоκϵ߷񣬸οЩ˵ĿСأ
Ʈ죬ֹδֹ֮ʣȴһ𣬼ͼϸת
Ⱥŭɶ
죬ǡƴһ洵һ߽
УһӰĴӲԶ˳õʵ˳Ⱥǰʮʱ򣬴л䣬һƬɱ֮ϸ࣬ޣͬʱڶԷվסεʱš
ҶһϮ£һ߲ʳƮȻɣƷǷ
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ᣬҶ
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ˡ꣬ޡ¬﷽ǯзлſơʯ챦ֳͯɣ𻷡衭
һһѪָҶϵһ𣬱ǻĳޣ
׷̫ꡱһ˵ҶǺǣúã벻㾹ȻܹӡʥءŻã̫ˡ
̫ꡱҲǵͷȷúã³ɺ޽һ鱨ɡ
ʱ򣬴绨аҲһصسĦһ˵Χˣγһǡ
ǲǷǽȻ֮ƣΧʮذΧ߸֣
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˵˳߸ͬʱĽ죬β
׷̫ꡱ̫͡ꡱۣԼ͡¦˺Ҷ
ƽ͡׿Ȼѡ˴绨ӡգǽ
͡ں̿͡͡ճѡصа
ԷˣҶһƣξ֮У
һֿʼսΪҵľ档


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ܼ֮ʮԷ֮ʱҶ͵һɫĹâ֣ۺȻԼǿȻԷɾ𿪣ƫԭԼĶ˷Ϯȥ
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ܵ˹׿ԼһԵסԷĹƬ̣ԼһͻԮ֣
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һʨڱͻȻ
׿⧲Լȫעעзһδܼʱ׿⣬ӡղס绨һʨӺĻõн𣬶Ǵ͸ֵıѪӿҡҡ
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׺֮ɫȻʣ
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绨ԭСһţʱӡյĺη֮ϣӡ˿ԼṦӲ˲ʮԶṦ׿Ҷһʱ׷ϲϡ
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ĽѤޱȣ裬ˮ©ĿƣüţŭĽаһСţƺȫѹסа
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֪СȴҪұȺݣ

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038 벻
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Ҷɵó̾һʼʱԼҲôһҲܻͷĿǡʥء֮˼ȴǵĮ࣬Լǲ죬Լµںǻ˵İ˸֣̾

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ǽԣŲšۺ˸߰һ쾱ԱߣԼޡ
Ҫȥʴʦ㣬ʦʶ㣬һͬҵġͣڶ԰¶˻͵С˷ܵܵߣʵʦ㣬˵˸ѡѡģѡ㰮أ
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㣬͸ҰɣʦˡСŊŵֱۣͣҡţģ⣬
ǰʦ㣬Ҳ֪ôġҲЩʵԶŮҲ¶עɫ
ؿһ۹ԼֱϵСʦãɨһˣ¶һ˿ε飬ɫһ䣬˵ҵˣȴһԶһ㣬壬ұɱˣҲҰܣһɱ˵ֱ꣬ߵıֱ˿ȥֻĿɿڴŮ˺һ˼Ůˡ


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ÿһĻƻ󣬶ջһ쵱æµʱ
ǸǣݵĿǣˮ½ͨͨ˴
ջǸϵ꣬Ʋһ㣬ͷɾһ㶼ϵӦеӣǴ˰֮ãһ¡ĺܡ
ԭǱģһСܡĺþΪ
ǣҵľƲǲãǲʧ֮Ũʧ֮ڵϵľƣ壬ζۺȵöǡƴ˾ߣģֻ޷꣬ɫζ߾ȫ
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¥µķÿӶпˣõĻҲæͷ󺹣ɤӶеˡ
¥ǰ˰ʮļͷҲȫ
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˵ĵطҲģֳķϡ
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˵ŮǾǰȺ׼ĽúǵǰС˻һʱп̵ܱһɶ
ϰôˣǰƽߺһåĽúûһǰڨû˸߶Ƴһۣιĺܡ
ͻȻ䣬ƥӴֱ˽
˻ɧϵ´ȴƷ粻ϡ
һƥĵԹһĴ󵶣˹ͭɫӣ۾ͺĵһй⡣
ĿһͶڵСϣϰô
Сͷһϰϰ˿̧ͷ˼ûУ˵ϰںԺֺŷ
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ϰͻȻŭһ·ʲô㲻ǵȴڳ˶һӡ
СЦźףηؿһۣ˵ϰһҲֺŷ
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⻰û˵ҲǷģǵϰ˵
״󺺰ͷ˵˦۵糸һ㴩ùң˺Ժ
һϵ˶Ҳȱ˰ߣһ̴ֱǣʹɲ
ǰߵ״󺺸һȥ배յͷͻȻһ٣ʲôƵµæ嵽ϰĹ̨ǰӻͳһŮõ֬ˮۣϣתܡ
ϰﱻһѬشһţһ˿ϲ֮ɫ˵еġ
ͻȻеĿעӹϰ͵һ̧ͷһӣžһ죬ŭĿûˮ۰
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Ȼмֵ

Ժֺŷ
ͬһ֮ɫĻϵϰ塣
һѮװֵӡĶȻϰӣӦõΣ͵ϰ壬ʱɫ̼زͣź
Ϊǰ߾֮ڣһλòɵĴ
ϰϰǸˮңôǰŮʢİٺϻף֮ʥ쳣ֻԶۣĶ
欣Ǹ˶һʱŮһ˫ˮĴ۾ϰ壬һֻҪ˵Ҿ͸ı顣
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ԭҵϰ徹Ȼǡʮɡġ¥¥ʮڰ˵ġۡġ
ʱ˵أҰϵ꣬Ǵ˵ʮ¥صġµһ¥ô
һģЦţͬʱ˲ͷϵĺΣ˵˵Цˣ¥ԼҵæأڹĹվĶҲʵ
尧Թһܷܷ̾ǣ״˵¥⻰˼ҵ⣬Ҫֻ֪Ҫ¥һͷҷǸ¥ѣǼλ֮ǧĵʦҲʱ¥У¥檣¥˾飬СûȥǽҪ֪ЩǿǶ¥ֵľ
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尵Դŭ޲һ䡰ҷϡ
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Ĵͬߵе֮Уơ¥ȻҲڵȡĿ꣬Ϊʵͻ׳ԼŵƣԼγֶ޹աԼܹȡ¥վڷǸһߣԼڸڵķһ飬ԶԶʦ
бȴһƬӺݻɫҪٴοȰͻȻ⴫һƿյɫһץһʵʲôˣ
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洫ף۴ֺ˵ʵֽҪ¥
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ԭҸڰ壬벻ʱȻ˴⣬æǸ˵ˡ¹ش󣬻һԺĳȥȥ
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˵֮ݼأȫ֣׶бɱˣһֵʹǾġɽ֡ҳ֮Ͳᣬһľ޵
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ڨЦ֪Ǹ߾壬ûҸ㲻
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ĺٺЦҵȻŲбµļɿ㿴ŴǲǸǵĴдţŽһ¡֪˸ħŲ죬׽¸һ˵ǿԼ͡
ģʲô˼ϰ۾һ˵ұ磬̼ҵĴ磬Ҫ˰˾󣬱дţҲ˵ʲôԶæô㻹ǳ𰡣ǵָС˵ôģTMDǸСˡҲɡ
ϰһƢϰˡ
𣬱ϱⲻǴ˼ǰеЩ˵ӪͣôǴΪֱ̫ҲһųҪһǣ˵ѧඣҲҲͬߣԽ̵ô۲
ϱԱ߶λ죬ֳ
壬ϰϢ˻ִӳóһֽĸæñīϰдһ֣ͷļе־ǡƽ
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ϰĴʦ㡰֡ʦ뷨֯조Ͻѡ
뵽ܹ֮ĸְæЦ棬ʵô˵Ŵ˻ҪԳඣһġ
ϰٺһЦһѾסĵĶ䣬ŭôأǲǣҾ֪ǸСüȥĿҲ˳ۣҲ͵ȣ㣬ûţҪȥҲøһȥ
֣Ҫˣˡ
ԺϰĲҽ޷ڵشǰ淹úǶٿȻһ𣬺ȾƵٶȸæֿ֡


040 ݺ
Ǹĵط
ģ̲ɽ¿ԿɽƮƣҲԿϣɽɽׯ
ɽׯ¿ĲǷ羰续Ⱥɽ룬ܿԶǣǴǶĺˮӡ
羰ƼѣｻͨɽϵɽׯȴΪԭ˵ľӪƶ䡣
ãǰĪҰ뽫͸׽ֵܰ࣬»񣬰ǰŽһ£֮ڣΪսšĵӵİ;ҼҵĴСٻҪл񣬽Ϊٳ
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ɽҰϡĪҰ˷쳣ΪĺЩʱһʮɽȡһİ׺˵Σǰ׺ëƬȴ޼֮ƳƤŮΪ֮ϲ
ҲΪֻ׺ĽƻĪҰʮطЩ򣬽ʱ˼죬һ̣ĪҰṦ˵˼Űа׺ƤСмۣɽ·ΪֱСɽġɽׯ
ɽׯ͸ɽׯ֣˼ǶռͷͬʱҲ밽ϵ
ƬС֣ɽׯˡ
ֻǴ֮ĪҰ̧ͷԶɽׯʱȴʧɫȻѡ
ɽϣӦǡɽׯĵطȴȼ𣬻ͷܸߣƼ͡
ĪҰͷ͵һ𣬴һãżȵĻ֣̿ĪҰٿ֣ҪƵسšɽׯȥ
ϵĵط֮ʱȻŻľǶɽׯ
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ɾڴʱ˴ȴһĪҰив𳡵ʱ֪˴𰸡
ɽׯдŮʮˣѱʮʬ̫̫ӾԺӵУϰغԺУ°׽˻𳡣Ŀ۾ɵôģ·ǰʲô˼һĻ
ڲǫ̃ϣΪҵĴӡٻ˫̥һƽʱ䱦ĳʱţֽ߬Ž棬ȴһԣͬ߬ţֱ͹һɫߡ
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ĪҰŰŤε˫ŭֶ͹飬ֻڽʹθ
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Զϲһ£ͷżԣȫ֧õѡ
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ƤϿȻȥ֣ȴôҲⲻ
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ĪҰŭţʱȴҧס촽ԼĿųһ˿һ
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˶ǳսŵִ¼ϣֱǡƽȽ壬彣Բƽ
˵Ϊ˲μӻ밽ͬţǰĳȻ֡
ƽȽ壬彣Բƽ˹ϵĪ棬˰֮ڽšѡ
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ݵˣδ֮ǰսݰ׵Ψһһܾ˾ɡ
λ͵ˣ̫ˣλΪֵһĪҰ¶˴ϲ֮ɫ˷ܵع˵
ƽȽ壬彣Բƽɫȴصúֳϵͬϼʮý粻
ĪҰһĺȻȥ
Ϊһ׵ʱˡԲƽϣһضѵϵһģһ
ԲƽȻĪҰ룬ôĵӡ
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ʱĬľһʯͷȴʯͷӲ䣬֮ɫŨһƽϵ̺ų
ĪҰԶԷ˵Ϊ֪Ȼ磬ΪҪ뿪һи֣Է֪һУ֪͵ĹСΪֵǱ´װһֵ̿ӵЩ²ģ֮ʱǱѾ˶֣
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ģ˭ģϵѪûвɾҺԣ
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ø֪νĽڣԭ뵽дǡ
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ȺòȻĻ쵰ԭýҲ˵㡣
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һ޴ĵڼǰγɣĪҰġȭʹһУ˲˫֮ϵĪҰһƣȻ򡰳ѡԼһٿȻִؽ𳡵У˽һܵĻ֮С
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彣͡ԲƽƹδɢĵٴΧ˻𳡣ܸƿϰ֮ǰĳսŸԶԶذΧסеһƬ档
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Ҳ֪ѡߣ˻档
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ƽȽһЦ˵׷ȫָ߶ͣͨĪҰ롣ĪҰΪȻɱԼİݵһңɱǳյˣôңأ
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Ϊ׵ǸòӣùޱȣЩϴ޺ЦݣҾ¥ϰ廹Ҫϰ壻
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˶Ǹ֣
ҶĿǱһɨӵʱȻûκ쳣Ķʶ˵Ҷͬʱеȫ˹ǿܵϰΪ£Ҷһ׵ĸо
ҪƿĿʱȻϰһЦеģԼٱԼʾһ£ҶæͬƱȻһЦԷңңһˮơ


041 ô
һһ·µġ¥ĵˣҲһ·ϵľųǣЪϢδϵҲҶ
Ҷһ¥ʱһиֱע⵽˶Է֮֮ƳȰϹɵ÷ע˼֡
ԷĿԲԼһˣҲǲɵһɡ
ֻǼ¥ۡͻȻٱԷһˮƣеһиֶǴΪ죬Ҫ֪⡰ۡȻΪ˿ƺƣʵͷ㣬˽׺ͣʵͷδؿԷһ£ǲмΪġ
꼴롰ĽͬϯҲδٱһΣû뵽վȻУһ꾴ƣǴУɵò⡣
ϰһ˫ĿɵɨҶһۣ´ЦʲôаˣǸСѣȴ˿أ
ĺٺһЦ˵Сٺ٣ȷǸССȴǲ׵ĺܣȻһ˲ע⵽ǣ⻹ҪģҪǣȻӦǶӣǵģҵע֣ĺëҪƤȻýһΪֻע⵽ʶء
˲ɵȻ󾪣ʮڰ˵ġۡǿһһľ֣ܹ׸Ӧ̽飬˵˶г̶ȴﵽֵˮƽҲ̫ˣ
ĵ̿ٿȻ̧ͷоһʵ¥Ҫһԣ
ءļһڲȣ߳ԱߵһĵϢħаҪô̫׽ڵĺ֮㣬Ҫôŵˣɡ٣벻ļ˵˵ӡ
ԱߵλŮȴһƲ죬˵̷־ҿ˵һ⡢еӵܡҹȥ
ǳŮҪվͱԱߵϰһס⣬۵죬ĵС̷ְ۵ģ
ϰһ˵ŴС㣬ҷֿԣʵﲻҶǧ͵úùܹҰӵġҼңһҹӶûУԺôˣ
ŵòȴϰ¬׽ŮˣһҶ̣ƫƫŹϲ赶ŪǹȻղףҲһЩͷ۵鷳Ծͱ͵¬ߣΪ̡ܽ
ʱϰѵţƨֱӣȴʧֹ֮С̶ܼˣʲô޲ȥġ
ͣ
Աߵļ˲Ķȫ
¬ɱһע£ŽĶȥȫͨ졣

Ҷܵһ˵עӣҲƬ̵ĹװһΪң
ֻǴʱ¥·ԼһƬֵ̹
һͺѵļ뵽˼֮УֻһṦ¥ѾʼΪˡ
Ҷɵϸ̽Ƿʲô·
һ˼ŵ
оҶԶһϣһӵĴɤ˵缸һΡšǶˣεġᡯ˵гսŵִ³ϲ룬Ͳ¶Ҳĸֲμӣ˵İһңϿǸһͬڣ˵ʲôҲҪİұ𣡡
Ҷһˣ
벻һôϢ뼰൱ЦòҶ͵һšٿȻ˾ۣϸ
Աһ߽˵벻벻ǡɽҰϡĪҰ뾹ȻǸɫȻ˺ݶһС߰ʮڣɱһʣ˼ҵСӶɱˣ
ĺ̾˭˵ǰ˵һҲĪҰѣ˵ĪҰҲǹݣ˼ҿ»ڼ˵ⶾôµȥ
ĪҰɱ˰࣬ɱһ
Ա߻ип߲˵Ķǵ;˵ĪҰٺݶҲΪ˸Ůɱȫңֲ񾭲
˵۾һæ׷Եɡ
Ǻ˵˵ǰҲǡ񡯵ĺᣬһĹϵһּΪصĴУ漰ˡ
Ӳ˵ߵ۾ͭ
ʱЩϵľͷòһ֮ǰǿƵذ̬ʱȴҲҪеĻɫ
һ͵ҶһȴǲԾسȥ
սţ
ͭ
Щһ𣬶˵һ飬ĪҰɱ֣
ҶĪҰΪˣΪѣŴĪҰ룬Ϊ翵Ĵ˵ɱԼĺѣ
Ҷϸһȷϵǡš봫۾ȻĪҰ֮ĪҰȹ
һΣгսŵָ봫۾ȻˣҲԼֵܡ
ĪҰͶ·ڶܼ죬û뵽ȴǡѡֵ͡
ĪҰȻӶݣѾ˵£Ӳǡ
սźϱغǿġšᣬȻĪҰ룬¼ʿĪҰ룬ֻҪܻܻöʮİ
ǿ˵Ҳһʾ޴Ľ
ҲΪʲôҶԽԽʿԭ
ⳡᡱĸ·ӢѾʮɣԼǿǧ˵йֱʮ֮ࡣ
ߣЩ˼죬˵Ϊ壬ֻΪˡ챦֮һġͭӶࡣ
ʱĪˣ
Ҷ̾һһΣԼζˡ
սš
ǧ֪Ǹɵú£
Ҷаݡ

¥ϵʿھۼȻϽЩͬĵط
һΣ¥ݴһϮڶͬʱһ죬׷׵˵۰㰡
˷δ䣬¥Ȼ䡰ۡһ·˹·һ㣬ʱҿ˹
ʲôˣ˺䶯
ҶϥȥҲ֪ŮˣǾɫŮˡ
ȻƬ̣¥ݴӯӯĲ֮λɫˡ
ۡ
¥Ķ¥ʱҲǻȸԾЩϵĺúǺĵ̾
ֻҶڻŵһΪõߣǳһǵ̼ʿУλϰķˣҲϰС
λŮ;Զûгʮ꣬ȻͬŮ
ͷһλһװ¹һӯӯЦȶׯݣڰ׷ĵķǸ塣
࣬һλŮͣӢˬ˱ʿΰס˫泤һ£縡͹ǳˣɫɲ͵ϣǳǳ΢Ц
ȺſڵϷŪǰĹװŮ¶ߵɫŮʹ󷽷ԽǰĿɨȥżصǸڴɫ۾Լĵͽӡ
ʱŮ˭Һ˹ȻŮĿȴȶԷ󵨣Ⱥ׷ײУʱܿɱʮĵӡ
Ƭ֮ŮҵĿ꣬һװŮС֣һֻųֳϰһϵϰֺȵ¬ʦ㣬Ȼˣ
ϰûط°ۣλµСʦ޿κΡ
벻ǷǸ徹Ȼճһ·˾ǣ֮ǰԼɸ봫˵˹ϼɽ˵Լɽݷã벻ʦĻ˵СʦöһھݴԼϣ
ֻ
ɵʲôʱ尡ɵİŮ˴
㿴ǸŮˣǰһĴҹĽεģž˷θ
ǵû
ݺݵزһģλϰ˲伷˰֮ϰҲҡСʦôк
ҶȻϰӵ²ϰһţвɵһЦǲٹƣͷ˼¡
ŮȻϯھҶߵʱ򣬶ǲضһ۷ݵҶϰҹҶԭͼΪڵòһɳ֮͡
Ůһű㽫ԼעȫԼĿϡ
ɫŮһ˵ϯϣѾĴŮˣڶ´󺺵סȺߣһʧ̾ϢУЩúҲ֪Ⱥ˲ǣûһٸ¡
еġšٿᡱҲԼӦԹȥһƣʲô˲С
Լĺܣ˵ѾͶϵԪ˵ҲвټԼò
ҲӦü򵥻ױȥ
ҶԺȷԼһж
Ա㣬ҶҪ¥ȥƫƫЩ»ᷢ
¥ݿڴһһʮ´ٿȻ˶¥Χߵ˵š֣Ҷ֪Щ˵ݡ
ߵҶȵ
Щһǰ濪·һʲôҪ
ֻǻûȵǼ´һСͷĿģŵغȵšͣϣλͬżӣóλɣ
ûн˶ȥֻôĻҲʲôùӳԣ
ЩֺͣǰɵģȻҲӭģȻһ߰˸ʿϯվһˣ˵λֵܣϷɽͣҪμӡšᣬǲСɣҪ뿪
лֵܣżסλˣýˣֵܼ˵˵ˣ
ϵһӻ֮ǽĩʿһϲ뿪ϯ
¥Ⱥ۷׷ף֪Ʒʲôˡ
кõطܶ࣬¥Ҳֹһ䣬Ҷ֪ǣõĵطϿҵǳʳҲ¥֮УĳԷҲ⼸ϹЩĶ
ʱҶҲýϴֵĴкʱ˺񡱣үк벻Ʒл
һ̣¥ݿڴһŲ֮
ҶҲλʲôģ
һ˲֮䣬¥ݴӿˣϸһϣҶʱ󺧣ΪһȻԼΪףͬʱҲǾԲֵܳס
޳׳ʵͦƽıģϧ۾ȴ쳣խСӲһļƣʹ˿ܲ
ϸ綾һ۾â˸ҶԲǡ
ô
˵͢
ӦûڡʥءŶ԰
ɻصĴԼˣҲӦǰ֮󰡡Ǹȥޣ޻ط䣬ôʱҲӦӳ²Ŷԣôôص䣡
ҶһƬ졣
ʱԷ۾Ҳھ¥ɨһɨĿҶϻ޶ãȻ۾һԼעȫһŮϡ
Ѿ׼ôк׼öֵҶٿȻֱ
ʶң
ҶеʶȻ߷壬ʺţԴҴܡ
ʲô
һ͢ڡʥءʿԼ棬ԼĽ£ʱôܼȴȫʶأ
һȺ˳֮͢⣬ԻмѷɫڣֻǴʱҶȫû˼ɲش


042 γ
Ҷ͢ıִΪвɵð룬ѵԼϴˣԷֻǳֵ͢͢ܡ
дΪɣɵö˵ΪӹģͬʱΧߵ̸۵ҲڴʱĶС
ι缸ûУƷߵļ˿ɶǴͷ
ҼڵɵУһļ֣ɽķΰףĸկĴ˹⣬ŭˮĶ¹µֶɽǣ湻ֵġ
Сûص㰡ûǼΧһתô⼸ҶͶɽǵĺڵ棬һֲ֣ҪΧŵǸˡ
˵Ǹ͵Ĵô
׳СȻλүǰԵĶ죡
ҶٿȻһ㶣Լע͢ϣȴˣ벻ﻹôһλͷСꡣ
ҶæտһֻۣƷһɰķеӦλһɫ΢ڣòáü۵ˣһĨȻ֮ͣȴȻЩɬ
֮ӡ
Ҷ۾һУɵ̾ϢһԷȻװͺͰģǸǿиɵĻ
ӦԼ֮ϣʵȻѾ죬ϢǿΪµһĶӣ̫ʧ
Աߵ͢Ϣۺϣ֮ǿʮ
ףò͢һģһ꣬ʵԱȲϡʥءǸնĽͣȻϢǹͬߵϢȴ࡭
͢ߣԼڡʥءǸ͢
Ҷ˽ۡ
һһλΰꡭ
Ҷ΢
˵ʵ¸ʮǰ͢롰ʥءеǸ͢ʵ൱
ʱԱ۵ߣٴṩ㹻Ϣ
٣ǿа׵֣ŵׯսŵĺ飬Ǹף˭
ĸĸ
ߵʿ۽粻׵ģ˵˵üһﰡƷǸһɫ᳤Ĺӣʮ֮һԷĶ͢
͢ô
ҶͻȻֵ뷨
ðܣ
пܡ
Ҳλɫۡ˫ִִĿˣ嶼һΣǡĶ
ٰ
죬ʸ죬ʮɡ֮һھŵġڡʮλеʮ񹦾ơųѦġ֡ƵƷ
ֵἰǣλǻʸ̩硰®ɽʸ̩ʦʸ̩ʸ̩֮ĹϵС㼫Ϊӣ۴ʱʸ̩ʶ̫֮λˡ
ֻһ˲䣬һУɽׯ֮⣬Ҷɵ˶ˡ׼ˡС
Ǹǿиɵ죬ΪɽׯʦַҵĹϵƮһС׼ѡּ
νġʵؤ
һؤԶҶӡеؤС˵УؤڶؤǻΪ˻ʧ˼԰û֮ˣƽﱥ裬Ⱥ壬һҲû˻·
ϣھϰ䣬㶼ǿʿ԰żڿɿطΧڣûγɹ񳱡νؤһֺ֮ͽרթΪΪʿ֮ǰҲЩɢĵطåֻ֮֯͢ʱᶨֻ֧ʸ£ӣ˴֮űʵ۴¡ƣؤˡǶͻաҶǵ٩Ǳ衣
ҲϻʵۻʸµҲжĲɡ
볯͢ϵǳмʲĶ裬˴֪֮Լᶨֻ֧ʸ£ΪڷǸϵСʸ´죬ʵǸݳȻķǸһֶĲȻǸܳͣ͢ݵĳȻôͷͼᶨ׷Ǹɰɡ
ڵġԱ࣬еؤеһƴȻʵھţһųơµһɡֻ˵ˣһȺƦå֯Ż
ʱƷֵһϯֻǱһźһֳڵĿǶɽׯΪף׵ֳɣһɷӭ˵͢һ׽
Ҳ⼸ڽϵж׵ģȻǺڰ֮ĸңǰ׵֮䡣
һҲеҪ⡰ʮɡʮķȻȡͷϵģھŵġ
׵ὭȻ໥֮ûʲôɫǵĸڴˣ˵ʲô֮αһףʢĵڶ־ûôͰˡ
֮ױͻԭ򣬾Ůˣ
͢ĿɨǸһ֮ΪϵļλɫŮ㵹Эֳһӵܵģͷ߼λŮǴк
Ҷ۽ʺԼӸ߸˧ķȣǰλ͢Ҫ֮ǰλҪǿϰٱ
Ŵɵӵܣֻôһͷ㽫Ĳչ¶ţȾѣһ˫ϸ۾ҲΪֱֶ˺ƣβ΢䣬γҪ׽ĺ֮С
ͷһ֮£ĴŮУһ죬ֳҹĽߣŮͬòһͷǻ񣬵Ѱͬǣ¬δԱƵȤǿڶУ¿ŵǷ˸ۣ˵
ߣСһ˵꣬ǻѪŮ㱧סߵλµŮͣЦ诽㣬СûˣǧҪϲȻһǵġ
ͬŮʱЦ𿪣Ļͬʱһ㡣
һ˵ǣҶţԶʮ׵͢¥ҲԿѪŮĿ͡
Ӣ·ߵ͢λѪŮĲ˰ѵϲģҶɵÿһ͵׳˶
͢ٿȻһ㶣ŵͷȻʧЦҡͷѡ
ţͷЩСֻҪϸеŭһЩͺˡ
ҶһͻȻǰһУеʮֵĺ档
͢ŮǰԱӣȻ꿡ܡ˵ȹȻһЦƷɵԼǴ˵ˣԼͽﶪ棬ȻҪһɫٿȻһ䣬ԺȵˣȥʼλСǷԸƼݱϯʶһµһһſ
˵˼ԸԸ⣬Ϊ϶Ҫ˼ҵƵӲҪˡ
һٿȻһƷͬһЩڵĺһֵӣ˵ҲɫĲȻ
ԶԶҶЦƷһܹ⼸λһѾǻ㹻ˣ˼ұְ׵ӵؽ֮ʱŶΣ治⡰š봫ô̳ôûĶӵġ
͢Ʒһ£
Լֳӵܵķ緶ɲΪаŮġ
͢æҡֹƷɵжԱߵΪ¥֮λߵӣȻûע⵽ļλɫŮʱһֵ˼תۿĿ֮ʱ¶Ϊȵı飬Ȼվ
ΪĶӣȻǸϵǳҲ͵ȻϵλǸڸӵݣ벻Ʒɵ֮پȻԸǷǸȻҪֹգ֮䣬ȴ۾һգֹ˵ݣҲȻ⡣
ٿȻվȴȻƬ̣˲Ե£ЦȺ˶ʱеĪ
ֻ˼ϸ͢˲䲶׽ϱı仯˼һɵٴο˶һۣڹ۲һ˵ʵ֮ɫһϵЩ鷳
ֻһɣȴƷΪ˼ˣΪõ˶Էղ׿ϣһʾ⣬һ£ɫװĴ󺺣صǵسĵһ˹
߷׷·ʱ
٣һţ¿еĺÿˡ
ɲǣǼСˣ

Ǽ󺺸һǱߵžΧЩ´һһϷӣҶ̽˲䣬ӦһλݺɱǲƵɱǿ˵ɼ
أ
һӵľ졣
˶˲ȻΪӷƢļȲܺһκһҲǷ˵ƷɣƫƫԱһŭݵ죡
ҶЩɵؿλ϶š׼ѡ죬벻λԸȻܲü
ǰݺʱɱʾߵˣʾ˼ǾȺĪҪҲǺǵġ
û뵽ʾɱȴŭ죬·ǶԷһˡһվȻߵصС
ͬһʱ䣬ǰѰݺɱٿȻһ䣡
¥·ɲǼ䱻ӽ˱֮Уǹ֮ʵʣΧȾߣŵм˹ڵأܵʹ
ľٶλݺƢ˳ԷĶӣҲԼˣƢ
һϵˣɫʱò԰ףף˲õ
λݺϣλ诵ŮڣһȺı鶢ŰݺȻ벻λòﾹȻĹɱ˶һӦı顣
ͬ״󺺣Ȼʵؿһֻӡ
λͷĿϰ壬һЦ·һжܲһ㡣
λϰüͷһ壬ᰴס˰ݺֻ֣һü˵󣬲һȺµĺӡ
֪ʱһŻģȴ˵ǸӣҲɱˣѵ֣ǾӦɣиգ˸Ҷ֣˭ҷߣϣǾôһӲźãҲӽ̽ô̶ܽӣ
¬ʱһץиֱ۵ֱطſˡ
ƽʱκ鶼¬һ˾ǾκҲĲãʱ¬䲻κΥɷԸľ
ǣнħŽֵʱ̣ڵһɽǣбҪô
ʱȫˣɱסˣĵĻһ˵꣬иֹͣɱ¥֮ϵ˶ʱһ
ֻʱǸһ죬ɫ䣬ȻŻסΪˬȻһȣһһģһصУ˷ɺһ㣬˹
һѪյ߳ŭһ
κ˶û뵽Ҳûκֹ
üֹģû뵽õģȴԸֹ
ǰʮ˼
ƮҡĽµһŭ±ȻңҵĽƺΪĳЩ˵ԸҰģ
ˣĿЩմ쳯ԼַĶ󹥻ȥУǡԵĶӣĸ˵ĶӣԱ˴ܡҲԱɱӦñŵҳ
˴鴫׵ĶôȴģǼΪϿĳͷ
Ǹںǰİݺ
ԣھӦóһ̣ˣ
иգ˫ɭضնһһ˶֪Ҫֵʱ򣬱Ǹ˵ڣ
Ҷ̾һ˾䣺ƣ
ʰһףٿȻһ
ѾԽһ죬ͻȻеһԭһԾľ룬ȴͻȻ
ͷһ䣬żոմʱͻȻеһһȾı֮£˺¡һ̤¥ذ壬ٿȻһ¥У¥һ󾪺֮
˲ı仯˶Ǵһúõһô;أһҴ˵ذ壬¥ȥ
˶֪и˳ֶ죬ûһ˿˭֡
ȻˣֻǼѡ
ĴʱһؿŲԶһȻҶȻһ׽ƬذɷĩһĻҲӦҶʹˡȡһ似Ӳѹ˵֮ϡ
ֻ벻벻ҶȻ˵ز˿ԽһڵĸŪڹ֮ĵز
ԭֻЩ͵̬ȣʱ


043 Ҫ
ҶԳֹ֣³çٶ
ЩǣڽŹˣΪ˶Լ·һۣǾһҷƢ
ҶΪɽǾʦһΣǾһǸԵԣҪֵĻѾһʬ
ǸһݹأȻӦмǿֱӱͻκοܵĻӦóΪ˲Ŷԡ
ɽȻԼûаëǮϵԺ󽫶ʦǣȥƱԼᶼ̫⡣
ҶŶһǣиļ˾ų嵽¥£˰͢һĴɨӣɵð̾һתҪȥ
Ҷû߼Ų٣һɫӰᵲԼǰһλ˵´źЦݹ˵λˣҼʮ͹ӣ빫ӽύһ֪λӿɷһ𡣡
Ҷ㲻ûͷҲܸܵļ沢صĿ⣬ڵѳ£ʵû˼ӦЩ룬ֻǸһЦλСˣʮֱǸ»мҪ죬Են˽ʶһ
˵겻һݣŲԶһǸһת¥ȥ
ˣҡɫ޵ػظҪͼ䣬ȴһ֣˵㲻±³çˡ֮ʿÿ׽ύνҲͳˡ
ԱߵŴ۾һɣŭߵʲôקøƵģǲԸй¶ݣ֤Ҫʶǡ̷ûģ϶Ҳûʲô£
˶Ҷ˲ʶ̧ٶеЩߣϰ¬ҲЩŭһۣʵǸ󱲣бҪ۽ཻôɫһѵղųֵ
βϰ¶Ȼı飬˵ҲǾȳ
̾ϢһҡͷЦ
˵е壬˫Ŀ䣬벻
ᳬ׿Ȼáۡ۽½֤Ĳ˵ǡ¥ǷǸҲԲĻġ
Լ¶ԷݣоһлᣬټͬʦùԼӽʹ̽λֵ鱨ȡΪá
Ҷ¥£˾Ǯͨ죬ô棬Ҳûȥڼֺӵ£ֱӱ˾¥߷߶ȥ
ε̾ϢһԼҪжЩʱˣҶųȥȻ£㽫յ۴гƵźãôҿԼ

ĪҰ봭ϢſһСֿڵʯǽϡ
ɿѹŵ֣һƣëס߲˿ڣʱѪӿ
һĪҰٴѹס˿ڣֹѪҺ˿ڴľʹ춼
ʱĪҰѾǻˣֻڽͷƬ̣±ѾһСƬѪˣҪԼֻʱпڴϡ
ûӳǣ䱸ɭϵĳǳغͻƣҲݲٽһҵɱˡ
ǳڽԽԽʿѰԼټǹ봫ۼšµеȫеطϵĸţ׷ԼеУÿһʱΣһ֣ʱб˷ֵĿܡ
ǹ봫۱ĺѣĪҰӽԼֹû뵽ģȻǡѡˡ
ǰѾǹ봫ɫԣҴסڵ˺Χ֮ǰɱ˳˿ֻһʬ塣

ͷһߣһҩ̣ǾĪҰҪ߹ȥʱ򣬼´һФ񻭱˽ȥָʹظҩϰ˵ʲô
ĪҰ˻صС봫ǹģ
壬ǶڣҲһ
ֳΨһһ֤ݣΨһһָܹ֣ҳ׵֤ݣȴ޷֤óκ˿Ϊû취κˣԼͳ֤ݣûл˵ԭ򣬾Ѿɱˡ
ԵĵˣѾǡѡĳսţ֣ϷֶԼɱֿѵļ
봫Ĺֻ»Լȥȡ˵ĺøУǻὫ֤ݻٵ͸֮ˡ
дβҰĽ
ĪҰеԼھһҰ伢
Ұ硣
ͷ죬ΰ̾¼仹˭Լأ
æ˻С֮еĪҰ룬ЩȻʧգȴеǰ;һƬڰκҹ٣ͿǱһҩ̣ϵƾһ
ϸһתĪҰϵ˳֣ٿȻ͵һǣǰʱһҪѾ֮ȻһĪҰ롰ۡһѪ˱ɳȥԶ¡һҽһԺ֮С
ĪҰɫתͷ֮ʱһμǿ׳ӶĴ󺺳ǰŵЦĶ䣺ϣⲻǡɽҰϡĪҰĪôᡯݣϺαôأ
ĪҰ뿴˵Ŀ֮Ŀѣҧгݵ˵ӣ
Ǳ͵ϮĪҰ֮ˣɽׯϱĪҰܵӡ
˴ͬһǣǲ롰ᡱʵ볤սһѰҡͭһж
ֻû뵽ոյûжõӣڽԶԶСеӰǸӰ˻Ҷǣɽׯһ䣬øɾף˳޵Ӱӣһײ˾ճУ³ɺһ㡣
Ӵûôˬ̤ǰݺݲסĪҰСȣ˵ڸоôĪ㲻Ǻţô㲻ô㲻ֵܶôֵܳ㰡
ĪҰˣ˱ܲСȴʹȻҧݺݵصӣȵӣһȺɱֵһңּ޻ңۣһǲú
ɫһĿ׹һ͵һǲһĪҰСȹӦ飬ĪҰɫ˲԰ףҧ촽Ӳûк߳
úӣȻӲ
ӻҪٲȶһȣԱӰһһαӰһͷͺͷԳΣʴȴԼȽʵĸоֱۣ쳣پһèһȵʲôҹζ࣬Ͻɱ
ӲõɫһţԼλҪһæӦʦ֣·
ԭλ׳ͺͷǳ԰ĴѪ֮һġꡱҰԡ
һѰҡͭжΪӵġͷҦʢȻ˺ɳĻǡꡱҰԺ͡ɽϳΡ
ʱꡱҰӺһһλɽϳȴͬ˵һǣʱ¡
벻һб˴󹦣ҰԼȿʦӣҲԽذС
ӻͷĪҰһЦ㿴Ҳһᣬʵð˵ô͸ϵôɣƫƫʱأ
죡
ҰԼӿڲԣĪҰԼһУҲݲ졣
ʱ֪Լȷʵ̫ˣֻΪԼ˶ĳ˾Լǰǲ֮һΪ죬ʵбܡ
ʱȴݲȥһݣȭһᣬȻĪҰ̫Ѩ
ڴʱԱͻȻðһķţްӷʩˣ
ٿȻһ㶣ԱߵġꡱҰðһ¡ǰһȭͬһ޴ȻĪҰǰȥ
ٿȻϹһ֣ĪҰȻʧҰԵһȭʱڵϺһ׶Ĵӡ
ѹġϹӰ
ҰԺӺȻ̧ͷȥĪҰѾһʮ껨òСѾͷ˻УСѾͷǰ棬һװɫģɮǵʮͷŮӳڶǰһѩ׵Ĺü䣬Ŀòͽֹ
һҲڶԷŵĳ֮绨ա
ꡱҰԾɤͻȻЩæһЦҵ˭ԭѹľʦ̫δʦִ̫ˣ
ѹͷʱöѳɱˡ
ʦ̫ü΢壬ŵ˵ʩˡλҲǽصĸˣιڴ˳أδλǡɽҰϡĪҰ룬Ұ׵֪ʿǶλûƶ㽫ˡ
Ȼ֪ʦ̫ΪʲôȻĪҰ뽻ԷУҰǰһʩ˵ʦ̫ˣĪҰڿɲʲôʿˣΪһ֮˽ɱԼֵܰһСڽ˽֪£еУСᡯٿڶ཭ʿƼҪʦ̫ɽ֪նĪΪһɱ˿ħʹԼ𰡡Ī罫˽ҵȣȥύͬã
Ŷ£ʦ̫δɽı仯̫죬Щȷ½ۡˡ
ɱ֮ԽҲǲף
ʱԱǸСŮӵСѾͷͻȻ˵ѽʦȥ
ʦ̫üͷһ壬룬˵λʿǰߴ·ʦͽһͬǰţǴ֮ͽҶȺ۹ͬã
Ұӻһֻۣεͷͬ⡣

ʲôҶһǰſĴϰ塣
λϰε˵Բס˿͹٣ոյϢֵϵĴǷǣֻյгʵֲˡ˵ʵҲˣһгǿ˰ӣٸһĿ͹ٶг̣Ҳû취ƽͷϰգֻûܡϵѺ;ɡ
ϰ尦̾ϢؽһӽҶһںӰϲͣѲ߮ŵӣ̾ѵػ˴ϡ
ҶҵϵĴңû˶ҾѾͷؿʼǸˡ
벻Ķ湻Ѹٵģôͷˮ½ͨĪˡ
ԼбҪȥ⡰ᡱһˣ̽һǵʲôϢ
ʱ򣬺ӰͻȻһңٿȻö
Ҷ쿴ȥֻЩŵµǸ˷쳣ؽͷӶ۲ѣȻ˵õʲô˵Ϣ
Ҷ뿿ȥЩϢȻͷһ߼˳˹λֵܣϢĪҰ뱻ĸܻ׽ʱѺڡŵž䣬ҪֹĪҰ룡
䣡
ܵ´ǶʱȸԾ˵ִ£һӶԸϼذȻҪȥˣ
ʲô
Ī类׽סˣ
Ҷһ˲˱ˮ֮С
ھϳУɽׯУԼֺһ˵ѹѣλֵĺúԺ֮У˲ҶеһȻɢк⡭
Ҷ˫Ŀоһһʱޱȼᶨ
Ҫ


044 
ŵĴԺһֵ֮ϣȥһݣռʮֹ󣬶ڴǶĺˮˮ½ͨʮֵı
ʱƻٽ
ʱڴͣʿ߲ܡ
ŵǹ봫ۻʮľ¥ϯͬʱ˳ϷӺͻ¥輿ųˮӯų仧ỹҪʮ
봫۴ʱмΪ˷ܣԼӪʮɴûһ̵ķڰ׵ɳսźʵǿ֧£һͬ㷢ӢַͬɽҰϡĪҰ롣
νġӢһݳټϭģδָʿֻҪģ˽ԿĽǰ
λ봫۴Ҳƺι书˵ãڵطϾһǿͷʵ֮мʲô˲Ҳ㲻ε¸صǰˣԭ벻Ӣۺܡ
ϭĩβ˳սźű˲ˣһݰ׵һɣһǺڰͨԵĸǿţһ棬˴ʿǰλᣬҪڴˣ켣˵ǶҪĽύġ㱻Ʋ𣬼ǲסҲ֪˼ҳʲôģ˵ʲôζպҲ˴Լļʶ㡣
Ҫһ㣬ǴʱϷ贫һ¹ʵıŹڡ챦֮һͭϢ
Ϣʲôطڽ䶯ŵż̤ϣǺпܵ顣
봫۳Լ֮⣬ԼӺھﵽȫһæкˣÿ޵봫۱Ȼӭӣ档
ͬʱ봫ҲĻῴɫʱú֮ڣսźļλʿҪ£ԼȻҲټ֮һƣ˳ףЩ߲εţԼҲС
һθԱ֮УǼλǵͷǡ
ֻҪһԼڴ⼸λ֣Ǳ֤Լŵݵλ˲֮ǰͬ
봫ȫһεԼµ²ʱ¸棬֪ʿã봫۸æλѵĹǸٴǰȥӭӡ
ʲôˣ
봫һ߸·һʵ
Ѷͽܽд˷˵ʦ¥ǵķ¥ȡĪ͸¥ʮֽˣ˵ǽϸ̵һһͬǰŶ¥ˣ
봫¿еֹˣû뵽ԼټĴᾹȻʮɡ֮һ¥ע⣬ϲ콵
ǵӽ˵ʦ˵Ǹ̿ǹɣ˵ıڣĸŮҲǼĽ
봫ֹסڣ֮ͥ£ôԽ˼ҵŮԼҾ죬ҲҪַȣĪҪŵ棬СҪٳҷ书ţ
ǵŵøæͷϴ
죬ǰ·봫ѵ˵һ٣ҲԼüɫ裬ͬʱżһ˷ܵĶӺ͸ȵǼϽĪҪڴǰŵ棡
˴ҴǰʱšȡĪһ˺˹˻δ봫ЦѴ˵С봫۹ӭ¥Ī¥ݹ٣ʧԶӭˡˡ
һľȵĪ磬еߣ̿һĨسϴǸعһ͸磬Ҳǰ˽˵ڣͬ¥ʮֽ泯ǰΪ˵˵Цˣܲ٣ұʹĪһͬǰģнϾǮһңΪһ
봫۶主̲ðϾĸ̲װԼСģҪΪӭ¥ˣΪĪ֮ĹϵȻǲʾá
ȵĸ֮ʱ΢ֵĸ̵棬ǱλŮ嵱
ʱ׵ΪᵽλŮ˸ʣÿһ˼ɫǳķϣߵʣˬӢˣ顭ÿһΪ֮ݡ
봫Ǿֻһ˲ʧָ֮ѹסеļ٣⸻һһʺá
ȺʿȻ;˵صһˣ£Ŵ˵طش¹ʣҲ¥˵ط¥Ĺ¶˴Լ
ķΪ͵ԽܹʶĿˣԲֱ࣬ӹ˸׫ͷҲ±ϳ
ĺ봫۵ͻȻʧ񣬼ʶ֮Ůû˵İѾǶˣЦǮĳ߶ŵˡֵԭֻ¥Ī¥̸һС⣬дʢᣬк棬ǮĳȻΪ߱Ϻȷʵûм˺ƴʢᣬĪ¥հһд֮ˡ
봫۴ЦǮֿԣ룡
봫·ǰߣѱɫĴƷɹһ봫۵½ǣ봫˼һƷɸǰ֮ǰھ¥еһ˵봫۵ɫ˲˼䣬ǹͣ
ƷȻӦ
Ҳû뵽Ⱥ˾Ȼ¥ĹϵõʱֻһˣԼΪԷɱûʲôľٶϵǲء
봫۹¥һ˴÷ﶼЩޣݵλɢʿͬն
ֻδſڣǮͻȻվס˵λǸǮĳϲֺ֣ǮĳһʶȥҲΣһ˾ɡ
⡭
봫۶ʱѾأЩεؿ¥Ī硣
ĪǺһЦ˳˵ȻǮϲǱ˰ɡ֪ɷͨһ¡
ֻǮ泳֡
ֲź
ˡҲաˣ봫ۻ˷ԸԱߵĻϯɵӻǮһңĪ֪֮ɧţ
лˣ
봫۹ָǣĪãλ֪Ǯ˲ǣҲ봫۰һ
յһ໨ȡ
봫һߣеű㿪˵ҿûУղǸƷɼɫˣΪҲءߺߣǲޣҪңҪһѻׯ԰ոɾ
˱ÿֱЦ¬Ÿ첲һѣѾͷǴҹĳôиһӡ
˰Ȼ彿ʵ봫۵ҲǸýƶУ׳ŵ˼鲻СΪ¥ҪԸأ
⣬ϰ¬ҲͲˣΪҲɷ
ѵΪ̽翵ġͭô
²ÿ˵︡һΣˡ
ΪЩôı㲻Ӧˡ
ЦУǡͭ⣬ԼѾǡʮ֮һˣõǡͭкôѵѡһŹͷɣ
ʵУֻΪ˾¥Ǹˡ
ΪΪŰĪҰشɵʱظܵԷĳԾĲ˱ȻⰽĪҰž޴ĹһΡᡱȻ
ǸˣĵĸȤ

ʱǻƻʱ֣ŵĸ·ӢȻﲻ
Ѿǹĵ򣬱ˮйͨ˵ź԰ҲѾдߣԹƣѾгǧ˾ۼˣ⻹ûʸŵΧߣѾǰֵߵľ¥Ϳջȫ
ļģҲһƬ졣
£ƵؿֵܳĽ㣬ѪգһϵŮָָ㣬вɵúǺһЦ
ʱԼʱҲһҲǵϷŮ˶鷳ֱԼ书ɲȢ֮󣬷֮ǰоϵ
ʱܸеĿ⣬ȴӿϤеĸо
ʱһһɫ۵ӰӳĵǲǸ۷ʮҵСʿһͨͨЩףκҲ˼飬Լ߿һۡ
ʿıһѳɫĽƮ裬ǰҲبһѶ̽һһѽã˵Ľоеƽдŷ࣬ȻͨһûгʵĽԵķ顣
İһʲôɲ̳ܽĵӣʱԱߵİݺ޳ȻҲע⵽ĵʿ¥Ȥ˵СӲһ㡭
ŶԼã
ͬעҲһ˵ע⣬ϰ¬ҲȤʵ
״ףؿ˰ݺһۣ˵ϴ˵ǲһ㣬˵ĽһǼõˡ
һԵҲؿʿһֻۣعͷضǰݺǰľ͡ɷ޳䣬ڸиա
֪޳ֵ˾Բ࣬һǵĽ͡
Ǹһһڽϲͣսġɷ޳䣬Ǹ˸е־ĴڣΪּݣǱȽҲڣ⼸н͵ĳޡ
ֱһ죬սһսˡǬ
̫׽ڵľǬһ֮£˽Դ룬⻹ǬĽȻ޳ܻ
һҲ˲ĥӡǡ
޳䱶ܴһ𣬴һ𣬷ĲǬý
ʣֻ޵ļ֪ǸҲڷѾ֮󣬷Ŵиգʵǡɷ޳䡣
ʱףἰ仰ȴô޳һʱȻʧǬʧٽʮ꣬ȵúĽһºϵ˰̣˵кþòý˰
˵⻰޳˫ֲܿƵؾҲ
Ǵ޳ħ
Ľַڴ޳ĺ󱳣ֵصףһۣ޳ûɱġ
ףŵһӣ޳ýɱ˵ĳĿ˵սľڵĴ޳䣬Ǹֶѣɱɱġ
ġɷǽɱ⡢ɱɱϵһĿֲԴ޳䵱˱䣬²ô꣬Ϊɱˣ޷
޳ɱһȴһʱҪ﷢ֻ¾Ͳʰˡ
ͻȻ֮䣬޳һ𣬽ãȻ̧ͷ⿴˳ȥ
ԭŵնʱʧ޳侹ȻԼħ˹۾ȥһɱӸոǸòʵĵʿϴ˳
ԭǸСʿϵɱ˴޳עӼħ֮н˳
ʱǸʿѾԼλˣ˳֮Уסһ̬ư֣ͷһˣƷɡ
ԱߣӦﲻ֣˵͢


045 
ʱΧ߶ռΪţ֮۷׷ףָָ㡣
ŵƷЩĪȵĵʿ񣡣ÿ
ǵʿҲŭֱӻ׵̫ƶ½ƶסʵҪ󡭡
ƷɼĿ֮µҲ˼̫裬ƽص뽲
½ƶ΢΢һЦӻȡһͰ͵ֽչһ滭һ˵Ф񣬵״Ҫֽϸݸ̨ĴӡȻһź顣
õֱ˱ͨߵ֣ǧܷ
ǧܷ⼸һڣͬнǵһ㣬˲Χߵ֮ϣ䣬˾ȫ𶯣صͺ֮Ⱥէ
ڳҲû뵽ò˵ĵǾȻҪˣؾΪصĸ֡
صĸ𽭺ãλǧڽ𣬲ɻ͵ɱΥ֮²ʤö١
һΣΪ͵ɣͶһСٶھԶ˱ڸʿ׷ɱ꣬һڼΪǿı죬ǧ򻯡Լ֮
ڵϴûһ˼ĿҲû֪ͳ֪ȥգҲû˶н̵ʶ˽⣬ȫһ
ʱ½ƶݸϵݣȻڴҪϹҪˣʿĸֲ롣
ԶֵһͷʵǸܷʲôˣ
Աףһеĸ֣Ṧ͵ѣݹһһĬɻؿһۣף۸æ˵˿꣬Ҫչ£̫֮ԷƺҲǣûҵܷ¼ڴ󰸣¾Ʒ̫֮£Ҳ͸ǳˡ
ְܷµİӺͱ¸һ˵ǵλŮüĶ˵һɱŮӵԶԴ˴ΪС
¬ŭһǾȻ˲ǣԺĺɫ֮ͽɱûҵĶ
ףۻæӦǡ
ԱߵŸǲĵ˵ף壬ղ˵ǵ˾ȻҲ湻˵ˣ㿴ǸСʿľ磬ȻҵŵӣĿ꣬¥ǴĲ簡
ףһͨ죬ΨΨŵŵ˵
ҲʿҲǺҴûҵǸǧԵף۽Χ
İһǸ󲻵ֺԼֻԼµĵɽҲûٱǾʾá
ĵЦҿһλСֵһĿ꣬ӴΣ
彿һЦð֪ʲô
Ͷһµʱ䡭
һµʱ䣡岻Եؿġ
ĺٺһЦӮˣһڰҰһ£ΪŶ
弸ŭǱŷĸԼ߰ʲôһµʱ䣬Ϊֱ˵һԶһ㡣
ǸʿɵɵӣǧǷǸҲע֣һ̽УɵСʿʲôץأ
ãˡ¥أ
ЦȻһǳԺ֣һӦ¥ˣΣ
ñðǿŭ֮⣬¥ҲΪһŶ
оһһΪ

֮ԼʱĳڣѾһƬ
½ƶ˵Ҫˣ߶ʱ۷׷ס
λġǧǣһֻŵҪóţƾ봫ŬҲ޷ֲʧ
ƷȻҲûб˵زɫһ࣬˵λǸ˰ɣûҲûˣûб飬ذɡ
½ƶЩͷ˵ƶֻһ˻Ҳ˼αżƶȥأ
ˣ˼Űﷸɣ
վƷԵļλͬʱüƷզզģԭ˼û˼ôһҲôˡ
½ƶû϶ֱӶƷ˵԰꣬ƶûд⡣ֻЩİȫЩֻ֪ܽСɷһ˵أ
½ƶ˼ʾƷɹƷ֮ԱСʿҲģķԸŭﳶŲӭԻڵĵʿͿͣ
Ʒһ֣ߵĻӱ½ƶ
Ʒɵ棬ھ¥ߺǸ׳̬ţһֻּ½ƶϣûҼүĻô
˭֪½ƶͻȻʧһЦΧȻʿѵʧķ˲ɣ˼һϣȻЦó
׳ŭЦʲôЦ
½ƶҡͷ̾ϢʵүΪȫ롣ȻˣҲһ
һ䣬׳Ͼ֮ɫδʱһĨէ֣½ƶͻȻŵˣ
ร
ĵȳ׿ĺ֣һʱҲûϵλʿоȻֱҺʵȻ෴
ҡ
Ʒɴŭ벻ʿȻڶԼ涯ֱ֣شһУҲǳʣԮԼĻ档
ƷɵӡУԼλԼʮ꣬Ȼڵĺֻ֣ҲӲסԷĹȻֵ˲䣬ԼϤֵ£ͻȻԼȲϤĶ
һֺӣȻȥԷĽƣᴥ˲䣬һ죬׳СڵһѱĿ쵶ٿȻ½ƶѸһ
½ƶȻһЦԼȻûв´
αǰȻ䵯ٶȱ֮ǰȻһֱ࣬׳ؿڣ֮Ϊκνԭһвֱ̣ȴȾȻ
׳ҲȻ壬п쵶οٺˣͬʱǰһɫˮĻȻסԼΡ
ġˮĻ컪
ף۵ĵҲüͷ塣
ѵ⡰ǧܷѵǶˣ
ʮ֮һȻ˲ФӣϵĴš
⡰ˮĻ컪Ƕо߽̺ƽеһоɽˮϵǰһˮĻͶֽǿųһ״һʸϰ
ǧܷܹʹһУ˵ݾǶҪˡ
ܷһ֮䣬ǾɫҲòǧȻΪΪݣԵ˳еĹһʽϵĹԾ
ֿ²СʿܹԸˣ
Ȥؼۿ
ֻ½ƶɫһٿȻջأָڽһˣ̶пٵǰң˲Ϣ֮乥һʮУ缲硣
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ʮһ֣½ƶǰĵɫˮĻʮ׻ӨɫˮĻԭɫˮĻȻѣһֱ׳ʺ
׳ɫʱۼԼһŭ֮Ʒ̽׳һ͵һǶֱ̣ܶͬʱҲƷɱ¶Σ½ƶʱмܹһԼ֮ǰҲҪ˵ٷɱƷɡ
½ƶûϵλΪԼˡ룬һ֮ʣװܷѾ½ƶĹΧ½ƶҪȴƷɵһȥ·
ʱƷ°Ļ﷽˳Ҷŵˣ
½ƶҡͷ
һ㶣ͬʱȻЦ
ԭƷһ·ļ֣һΪģѸԶһ㡣
͢ټͬʱͬһ뷨Ʒɣ²࣬ɽ
㣬Цʲô
ƷɼȺָԼЦԴŭʡ
ʱһѱĿ쵶ĲϣһİȻЦ׳վٶˣģСҶ֣Ǹмġ
ƷɺȻͷ׳֮󣬷žŭ㣬TMDʷɽ
Χ˶ʱǺȻЦѡ
ŵĵҲĵͷ
̫ˣ֪ˣ˴׳һֵ˲䣬ƾųֵĹ֪λԲǸ͵棬Ȼ˰ѵڲϲſδҲ̫ٶ˰ɡ
һҲЦǰϣĲɵҡͷƷɰæǰæõǵȫˣӲФϦ֮ܰŬһӵĳɼٸɸɾ
Աߵ¬Ƴһۣ֪̾Ϊʲôͬϣ˰ɣһ˵ĳɹɲǰԼãҪԼĺãҲʧܣԼһңиɫĶӣⱲҲǳɹɹǿһ˵ĲƸλдҲΪҪ
ĵ˵ͷǵԼΪʲôҪȢһҴСΪ޵ԭ򣬶üĴУð۹ʮ֮ǴҹҰ帾
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ڵĳ봫۵ע߶һԼĴӾȻԼҵõס˲ӣһʿűһ䱸ĶŶˣԼµȴһ봫۶ʱһͷˮ
ңƷɳԴȡ
ٴκȻЦ
ӻסڣ
봫ͨ죬Ȼ֪ԭίʱƷɵı˲ãȺǰ档
ʷɽΪЮҶϽ봫۵
Ҳʷɽʷɽéȥʺɽˣ
봫۾ʵǺˣ
׳Ц˳ơǧܷ
봫üһϷ˵֣Ⱥۻۣ㾹ףΪӵô
ܷһЦƥ򣬻ץңͲҰǵĳȫ
봫۴󾪣ŭݵúԣ
ԣãҾ͸һ벻ţǡǧܷͻȻŲӺͭˣΪ챦ݺඣ
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ӰһȫȺʱȻ
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߰˵ӰȻ䣬ϵϢʱΧΧߺȻȴԷɢɱ̼ɫ԰ף
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һԵȴǲɵһЦ⼸ʮˣǱħ£
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ͬһʱ̣˵Ŀⶼۼĵϡ
ħѵȸӳģѵǵĻǡ
һ֣о䣬ȻЦżⳡ֣ء


046 乫
ת˲֮䣬죬Ⱥ۵ʱѹֵ˵
ʱֻһѲϵȴŽʯĦ𣬻˵ʲôڴ˺ҥ£ѵΪҳսΪ׵ɾͲϳͼô
ܻȻ֮ʱΡ
˵֮ʮ䣬Ŀӥǣθݣݹ׾ɫĮһ˫ӥĪ⣬˺ӡ󣬵һĵİ
ѡƽȽ塢彣ԲƽȻվ󣬸µ硣
衣
սĴ³֮һڴԲľ֡
ստվѲ£ڵĴ󲿷񶼽Ĵ³ϰΪԾһ
ʱһԹսУףͻȻ˵̫԰˵ڵĸôӦøҺͳడôʱϢЩأ
һҲǽŹƣûдﵽһ̶ȣȴ޴ӿߡ
Աߵġۡһˮ֮󣬳˵ΪսãϢδȶԵʣ

˿ĿⲻɵЩ
϶ˢӵģԲʮ꣬бͻƵ龳ˡ
˲ɵö߽ɵҪ߿һۡ
ֻ۵ֳһ˿ײĵǡ
ͣʮľôͻƵôߣԸͻƵĽޣǡ
衱
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ӥĿһʵСֵ֪Щʲô署
ܷһ㶣벻ԷȻ̽ĵߣɫһͽһĺ˵ģҪƲɣ
ȵ֪󱲣ָܺʾݺҵȣʱгл·ִԲݹϷ飡
ǧܷһεȷ񣬱ǳšͭȴطһ˿ߣͳս֮Ĺ֮£ڶԷʵǿԼδ֮ܶ̽ǰľٶǼװϤ࣬ĿȺͶԼһû뵽ϼ޻ʱһңԼ˵ĪҰͬҡ¡
跴һƣܷ֪鱨Ѿء
ֻһɣһȺϻͷʱ֪С֪ޣֻײײ˷
ԭֻܷǸ˵˵ļһҼпܱʹһʱȺ鼤ܵߣܷ׷׺ɱ
ܷʱңͷð亹
ӶЦô˼С̫ˡ
Щ˵ԸһЮʵĺС˺֮ǰƷɱһȴ²סȺ۵֮ڣΪԼһ˽ļƻ
봫۸Ĵŭȵø޳ܼеָܺʹֻ֣ѷɣĪʵһ
ǧܷܴƤߣһҲŵͨ죬֪֮ʣԭҵͻȻһĬ֮͵һ˿ʣȵ˵ָʹǲǺ˵˵ɱ˰һңΪĲǾǵõͭŵԿףǰԿʵһѽôǻҪ˵ȥô
ȺͻȻĬ
ţһƬȻ
ɫ˲䣬ǲҪֻдˣȴ͵رԱקס
ʱɱˣǽ۶ʵ롣
оâ䣬ѲӣܷԲ֪˻ܵ飬ڱô֮ĹݻӦò˵̫Զ
鵽ĵ֮ʱʱɻأؿһӿˣȴǰ̾һԼ겻龹ȻҲᱻ˻ɵԼͷϡ
Ϊμ֮ˣɾôһ϶ֵĿˡ
һ˹ŭĿԲصɹ֮ʱͻȻһɽХһؾ˺ȻȥһŵӴкų˽ϢϢĪҰ뱻ץˣ
䡪
һſը˹ˣӰٿѱֿƣ׷ͳ壬Ҫȷα
һֱɫֵĸ·ܣҲǷ׷׵ǳȻʱĸȤҲ˵Ⱥ˶ԡͭĸȤ
˭ûע⵽һҾֵУǸǧܷѾټͬʱ˵ģλ½ƶĵʿ
ף۵ˣʱûֻĿƵؿġ
ԽԽ˼ˡһߣȥʶһ¡

ҡѾԵĪҰ뱻̧ŵ֮ʱѹľʦ̫Ҳǽ滤ңκ˺ĪҰĻᡣ
ᡱһ˵УȻ봫Ǵ˵֮˶Ľܣִȴв赱ʲãӦ
ʱЦУֳžʦ̫лʦ̫Ԯ֣´ⲣڴ˹ְ࣬ҳյһұ𣡡
ʦ̫ңȴǳ˵ˡǷֱϣƶҲΪһѡδ֮ǰǷоĪһأϾʱֻɣˣҲ󡭡ҷȱλͬ׼
ڨЦ˵ʦ̫ȱĳĳ֪֡λͬΰ
ʱʵŭǳ޾ʦ̫Ķ£ͬʱҲĪҰ˵ܣΪξͲһƽĪҰҪŪʱĹϷ룬ɵ˼ֱʡ
ʱ֮ڣ˳սź֮⣬ĸҸɸֹ֮ϵģвСʮˣЩ˱ǲܵĽҲݲڴţмΪҲòѶڶͬһҪġ
һһưѮ߿˵ѹľʦ̫Ұ׵ģ˵֮壬Ľңͬʦ̫֮⡣
ΧΧ۷׷ס
ϵĽңǸȻȻɼҲĸߵͣĽҵۺʵ͸ɵйĲƸȴ˲ò仰
˵ͷҲĽھݵܹĽ죬ĽݼҼĽ壬ȻֻڵʵӰǷ
ĽҵҲ׷׸顣
šׯҲͬʦ̫֮⡣
鸽顭
廪ɽׯ顣

¥顣
ʱ¥¥ȡĪҲǳͬԭԺпֵĵˣµؿųΡ
ڵĵطĪѡ񣬵Ȼλ¥ָʾ
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ֻһֺɫۣϸһƵͻȻ˵Ըһαʲôͬģµ˷ʱ䣬ʹЩֶΣȫ¡
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ʱΪģλư׵ܵ壬űֻءѷʽƷɵƶɣأΪڽϵΪһٮٮ֮һ
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ЦȺ۶ǰһ
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һСѾͷݳĵҩõϳöѹʥҩȺһ飬˵ϣȴǰ¶ˬ
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ƯСﰡֱˬ̾˵˵
⡰֬ѩ衱ʮɵʥҩĪҰöҩ֮Ƭ̹ԭʧѪ԰׵ױúСؿڵදĪҰͻȻۡһŻһѪȴת˹
ĪҰɳƵʵ
ɻˮаȻͦŮһ˿ʵĪǰڵĴҪ˿ڸոհãδءʲô˵
ƺǰСĪҰԭ飬ȻƽһĪҰСķ£Ĺһڸֵеĳ֮۾ʱͨ죬ŭֵһ
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彣ȵĪҰ룬㶯ɱԼֵܰһңֵܶ¸ţ벻㾹Ȼ޳ܵ˵زȻȸ״ǵһң
ĪҰ˿ھʹֻߣϢѡ
֪ĪҰ˵ǰʵĪҰ룬ΪɱҳյӰһţкԩҪ̰ͼЩʲôʵ
ƨĪҰŭ밽򸾣ֵƣϵĪ棬½֪кԭҪɱǣҵֳ֮ʱѾһƬ𺣣λճϣֳֳѪ߰ߣֳǣǵΪʲôԵʺһң֮ĸһͨ˶Ź
ҽƱ磡
ͻȻһӣڼ룬һƣž˦ĪҰһͣٿȻŻѪҲţʱ˵
һҲŷִ磬ûһƴ˿ʵ⿴޿̵ŭһƣȴҲȺ۵Ĳ
ӷ𣡡ʦ̫һŭݣĪҰǰĿ裬˵ʩˣ
ҹ֣ŭĿԲʦ̫ǳ֮ˣһƽϣΪһ֮˽ɱҳյţΪճϣŵӺԩѩͽȻٴװǻƣܲŭҳսܳӣһӣһ縸ʦ̫Ҳⳤģѹ˴ѣ޳ܣô
ԭ밽ϵ񰡣ֲû˳嶯ˡ
ʱŭߣˮתԼݵͬɥӵϸ׷ͺڷ˵ıǵһƬ֮
Աߵİһ´ĴָţԱ
սһ˸һݣǰ޲ѣû뵽ⷽ滹Ǹ˲ţȥϷǰϹ츳ˡ
ʦ̫ţ˵ʵδʩ֣ȴǲסʩ˰ʹѡΪã
һ֣ǿˮҪʣΪ౨ϷΨһԸ
˵곯ĪҰһĪոĳ֮ԭϷçײ֮٣ϷڴǸˡ
˵һһ˵Ϸڴϴʵ֤ȷɱһСĳˣҶҪֻ
˵һۺᣬžʦ̫̾һصʦ̫֪ô
ѽѽһɱԼҵӵĳϴⳡѹ֣ǺεȵĲ
߲ɵͬľٶ׷ĪҰĲ̣Ŷͷľʦ̫Ҳ˱ԹһԱ


047 
߲֮һƬĪҰԽʦ̫ǸˣǸŮӣͲóԴ磬Աߵİҡͷѡ
ŵ봫۸ǲе˵ޣһ뵱һⲳֵܣ벻ĪҰ뾹ȻǸԼֵ޲һ㣡
ĪҰ͵תͷ봫۱ȴɻ־䡣
봫ŭ㵽˴ʱҪôҽύһֻҪҶϸһʹ죬ֵһĺ£һΪķ⣡
ĪҰϵظһ仰Ȼңöˣܹǡ޳Сˡ־䡣
ĪҰһۣ͵ҧһͷŶࡢѪˮĭһ봫ۡ
봫۸ղԼĴףǰ˼û뵽ĪҰ뾹Ȼ˱ңһʱѪˮһͷһ
㡭
봫һҲ֪ΪѪˮΪŭ
봫ҲҪָĪҰһӣȴһۣյһ˦ӣ˻ȥ
ĪҰдޣԼεĺֵô
ţԼʵ˵˸һ봫ۣȥɫţת˲ҸڳȥԼһСԺС
ҪЩͻŵɫĪҰҲỳԼֵܾȻûԼ֮ǰѾ˵˵Ļ
ǸűˣԼô
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⹫֮£ֶΣӲѹƵĪҰٿĪ磬һͨ죬ڻһͳһŭػţȴذذ˵
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ĪҰ˵ͷ˵УֻմԼѪڵдˡһ֮С֡
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벻ĪҰ뾹Ȼֳҵָɱֵ
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ĪҰ˫ĿŭɣָšԲƽ˻
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˫Ŀ׹㣬ʦ̫ʹĬ顣
彣ȵǻ˭֪ģȴҪݺ˵Ҽʦֵģտڰֱ޳ܣ
ȡĪʱһЦ˵սŵļλ̨α˶ŭֵΪճϣݷǵͣҲͨɫϺеıȸһĶôģµأǿĪ֮ǺεȻɫɡ
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ԣԶԣˣʱĪҰȷ˳ʦֵĶʱ߹ͷʦһѣȻˣʦֵܶ˽Կ֤彣ţһ˼ı飬ɤȴᷳ
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ĪҰʱң
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ĪҰ˵أﻹʱԼң乶һ֮
ۣͷѹµʱ򣬾ŵĴһҽ֮Ǻһ죡
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봫֮ǰĪҰһѪˮѾŭɶˣʱ£ʱŭ裡
һ㶣һˣ֦ܽ
ͣһµųĪҰ빥
˭ϵԱͻȻһԭǷڵĪҰʱʧԼһƺȻ֮Ͻʵʯҵķѡ
̧ͷ֮ʱĪҰѾһе˵̵ݺ֮ˣǰİݺһϢɱȻ˲иʧûпŭ
ˡ򵥣

ͳսŵ׷ԾɽϬǱȵʲôˣѵǼͬﲻɣ
һЦһһƵǰ˵λĪᣬСֻȿܺĪҰ룬ҪܶѡʱλֻԼΪأȰӦһ°ɣ
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ʱ봫ڵĴ󲿷ָ֣Ѿǰš
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Ķ˺ǺһЦǳžʦ̫ʦͽ˵ŴʦɣȻ֪ʦ̫ϲԹʱ£һͬǰſΣ
ʦ̫ͻȻֵľּȾҲ˻ûпߣԼʦһŹ۲ɫĹ˽һ˵ǳʱ۾ʦ̫β鿴ǿǰλ˵һǳء
ʱԷʦ̫΢΢ͷҲã
˵תžСͽ˳ȥ
ĺٺһЦңʱĴŮŮҲĿȤĽ
λ߰ɣ
Цеֱͦ壬һȵŷ

봫Ϊ׵һɺܸϵŵʱֳѾһƬǽ塣
ԭΪΰġšѾȫʧ̳֮£Ų¶ʮŵĵӣͷѪֹ
ʣµʮӣȴǾʣŴţȴǲϺˣûһ˸ǰ˵ͬš
ϵȺ۵ʱ֪봫۵׵˺ηʥȻ˼ҴŴŶƽˡ
֣
봫һأƼһصңϡּɲԼšҶô
ʱű˴ƣ洫ҶҲһأ봫ۼȥ͵ץסһʧŵӺʵô£ʲô
ԭѾɫ԰׵ĵӣôһţǴǲ⣬ĿİͰ͵˵ˣˣˡ
žžȥ봫ۺʣʲôˣʲôƽţ
·ش봫۵һ㣬̳֮ͻȻĶ㱼䣬Ⱥ۷·𿴵˸һôҡڵ˽
ʲôˣ봫۴ȡ
Ҷݷã
شһſڹ̳ʱɢɾ¶һ˺һ
ˣһ峤۵ʿģ쳣㣬ûŵޣһͷںڵĳȻȻԺ΢֮£䡢ǡһͬڷкڣֱԵƮȻɣɷǷ
Ⱥ۵ʱһ
½ɣպӳ鵽ķң¼Ľ֣
Ⱥ۲ɵ̾Ϣſ湻ùġ
һ֮ڣѾɵ˴Σ֮ǰǸơֱĸûãͬ棬ŵе÷·һʱ塱ֱĸǱֱӰ˼ҴŸƽˡ
Ϊ˳Ծǣʿǣŵģǵһ

Ҷô˵ǣ߽ţ
һƬž֮Уֻϵ죬ʯ¡¡Էǣ˽ֹͣӴֱֱʻһֱȺǰŻͣ¡
봫һķϣֻô޼ɵֱѼԷţ봫ЩûףֻǳʣҶδʶ޶ԹΪλҴţңоֱ̫
Ҷͣƥһͣ£ͬʱ봫۵ĻҲֹס·봫۱һ㣬ߣʱѹЦ
Ҷ˿ȥ봫żšѪף˵ݷãϧŵӾȻǣڣǼҵĴţ̨̫ߣֻҪЩˣ

ţţ
ǳƣ


048 ǧ

ʱ봫ۼװƢٺãҲܲס˫͵һ죬Ҷǰغ
ҶҲͷشӻͳһŰڶԷƷγɺХĿǰ֮ǰŶԷһƲµص˵˵ݰˣ㣡
һһ磬翪ɽʯľ޸һ㣬ֱ봫ǰǼХʱ봫ۺХƷ绯Σ䣬˲Ѿ봫۸ǰֻǰϵۻ֪ʱİ֮޸˶١
봫ۺȻɫ䣬˫ƺΧŷԼؿڵİй
봫˫ƼĻʱ̺İȴڰٿȻһ٣봫ƴػ˫ƵʱĿգôһɲǣǰȻǰ˲㵽봫۵ǰ
봫ۡһ˫ۣһˣ
ǰȴڴʱƮƮ봫ۻػ˫֮ϣ·Էһʼôһ㣡
ֱʱ봫۵亹šһð˳ܹս߶ʱ̾λҶ似
ؿǰ淺ЦСʿ봫Ϊ֮һᣬҲ֮࿹顣
Ҷ
ʱһŭıʧص봫۲Ѱϡ

ƿյ볤սһϤһȴǸŭɣɱһݺݵضҶ⺷Ѫ֮͵һǹҶóôĵӣ벻㾹Ȼҳǰ
Ҷγͻ޲ռ˱ˣĽɥ໨ߡϹһֻ۾桱ǳ˲зϡ
۳ޣ˿ЩѪǳ
ǼѹҪǰ֣
͵ġɽϬǰ´һҶ˵Ҷãܺã벻Ϸδ뽭վȻײСãǵǲǸһһˣ
ϣʿȻг֣Ȼǹƥ
ߵʱ۷׷ס
˵Ҷôأòǵݡᡯڵλְɣ
٣û
öûϢˣ벻ˡ
ҶһǰʥءϢֻڴɸ߲֮䴫ײ߲֪£еʥءʲô֪Ҷ⼸ˡ
ҶΪϢδҶ֮Ķʦֺʦǰ
߶ָָ㣬СϢͣ˷·ոʶһ㣬֮£øϸ
ʱҶ̬ȣֻǵһЦɨһۣЦһ˵Ŷ˵˭ԭȺɱĳǵ˴㣬Ҹˡ
˵겻ɫף봫һŬ죬ʵĪںδ
봫־Ϊ֮һᣬҶĿ࣬޷ش

ҳһƬ
ԭλǳĪҰģüһȺ۵ǰĪ硱˵λĪҰͷģ¿кϷˣ
Ⱥж˶ڣһӵϣ֤ʱɽҶҵʬ˹ǰ޿֣ʵ²͸ʲôıƣûǰֹ
һڣյ˳ȥ쿴ǰǷʲô״
´ҶʱҲ˾ʦ̫ɫһһͷǴкʱڲð˾ʦ̫ߵǸСѾͷ
۾ԼðĹʣģƺϡЩ죬ȴһʱǵôԲٶ롣
ٴ죬һȺոռȺʱܵҶע
ǣ
ףǸСӣ
ֱˬĻҶʱֵ۹ȺǸһŵӰ֮ʱݵʱһͫ׾
Ī磡
ӰһҶƮѾĪҰǰ
һ¾ٶ̫ͻȻҶ߾衢˵ԤϣһĨ̶ѣҶѾʧ
Ҷıǵô޳㶯֣ΪԷ̫Ѹ٣ʲôðյľٶļŮ춨Ȼˡ
һȴסҶڼߣס˻˺۵ĪҰ룡
Сҡ
һֱĪҰΧӺͬʦܣҶĪҰ룬ʱһֹͬҶ
ҶͷҲ̧͵һӣһ
һֻ޴ٿȻǰǿֱƵ֮Уһ֮֮࿹ȴȻֺֿܵˡ
һ޴ȻѣͬʱһѪʱ׾룬ͬʱǱأ
ⲻܣӵɴ˫ۣմѪһŵرŲԶҶ
δСʿôܱ
Ҷһ֮ڸ֣ʱڳȺԸӡ
ҶᣬҲڵΪôһ־ͽͬʵĸִǱأ
ȺҲ衢ġʦ̫˿Ҷһ֮У֮⣬ҪȻŽһɡ
ҶһͽŻ񹦣򲻿ӵ˾
ǳսŵ³ٿȻҶĿˣյȺǰ㻹Ҫô
ҶȫĻͷưסĪҰĺ󱳣һơϵԷڣĪҰԭ԰׵׵ʱָ˼ѪɫԭЩ軨˫ۣǰ֮˵ģٿȻü۰۰˵ŲԵĻӢᴹ¡
ҶְסĪҰֹͣסĻ΢΢ЦĪ磬ҪҲ͵ģߵģ
ʱһ󾪺
øŵˣøŵҶ
Ŀ֮£ȻҪɱӷ뿪˵Ŀ˶ǿֱӢ
봫۴౻Ѫɫ衢̣ȺŭĿֱӣġʦ̫ȴ֮ɫԱ
ס
һеĺǵʱ˷ҶΧסЩ˼ֵȴ
ΧסҶȻڶ࣬ҲΪղҶһĹֻΧסȴһ˵ȹ
ҶôΧţߵԱߣһĪҰС
ȺҶһǰԭΪ֮вʲô޿֣벻տҲһӣκζ
ҶĪҰ밲׵ȺеٿȻȵҶΪ׵ǰ;벻ȴɥĲĳ£Ͳô
Ҷ£ת˵˭ǣ
ҶǰЦҲ䣡

󵨣

ȺһѹȺۣЦߺߣϴԣɿĺܣһȻ
֮ԲԸ¶вأƫֹ⼥ɣȻĳȼֲҳֱսһԽ
ҶɨȺһۣһߣδǡ
ֿȺŭҶҶģΪʦȡ˼ͿԽף£ٲҪɽֽһ
ðô˵ˣ
㣡
ҶɫɭȻ˵һҲҰδȻֹ󣬾ҪƽҶڴ˸λͬ£ĪҰͷˣȻǹǾʹ㹻֤ݵɽҪ˰ɣֱӵ֤֤ĪҰɱһҵԪףˣͬʱҶλͬɱлò֤ݣҲĳЩΪʲôݺĪ磬һҸ˶ѡߣߣͱҶ飬նɱ
˵նɱĸ֣ҧгݡɱ죡
׷׺ˣǿֵģҸոյʣأû֤֤ĪҰɱһҵ֣֤֤ǳսŵʹ֣пΪľͭʲôԿס
Ⱥֵߣ޴Ҳ֪²ô˵ģͬʱҶɱ𣬷׷׺ˣһ֮꼰㡣
ֱֻŭȵҶʲôҲҸϷ˲Ϸûи㶯֣Ǽ᲻ʹɱ֣Ϊߵóȥôˣ
˵һڣսźڶź׷óС
Ժ֮ϵ⽣Ӱҫۣ˵ָĳ̽˫ޣسƬ
øߴźܺݽ¶ȴŵĵӣҲִУŸҪ֮ء
봫۴ʱعԼѾͬһˣҲù衢ĸֳͷҲֲϳȻŹɱҶĻᡣ
֣̫Σգ
ʱҶһ㷲
սǽ磬ȥ⣬ùʹ򣬴򲻹ܣû˵Σսأ߸ĪҰ˵ѣԼΪ˾˶ʱ˿̣˵ʲôҲܶ
Σ棬ƽϧһսľķӼᶨ
֮ϣٿȻϣֻĪҰڳݲؿߡߡҪҡ֮Ļ
ҶǰĪҰٴηã˵Ī磬ǵõϳеĵһμôұ;ȴԸΪΪ΢ֱ֮ԣɽׯΪ˽𡭡γԮȣΪǸֵһѣȻܹΪ߲嵶ΪβΪȡ壿
˵ĪҰѾƴҡͷԸҶΪԼա
һĪҰ뱻ĥģҶҲһʹȴޱȼᶨ˵Ī磬Īֵܾ࣬Ҫһߵġʱֵܴ뿪ȴţֵܾһȪ·һɣ
ҶͷȺе봫ۣ˵ĪҪǵãⱲӲʲôĶܸǳֵܵġ
ߵʱҶصȾ˲Ҷ̬ȣҲ׷װϸú
Ⱥ֮ǰҶĹǻٴ𣬳ʲôʿǸԴСӰˣͷһףΪҾͻ׷ǲɣ
ҶͻȻһŭȣʲôڴ˹
֮УҶ˼֡ʨӺ𡿵ĹһԺȳߣϻҳ䡣
Ⱥ۾ǶأӾ硣
ҶϤȻû绨ʹһʱûʻʣȴй֮޲
Ҷһ֮ȻὫȺǵǻȴһΪҵô֪С
϶Է˵˴ҶطֱȺȺۺȻδü֮ʱҶ˫һһ£ݺסʹ˳θս֣űȺ۸ҪԾ£շɣ˫͵һȺжʱ÷һˣֱֱ뵽ԺУŲվȡ
ȺСšׯһô㣿ư
ԭȺвͣҶˣŵĶүӡư
ʱưͨ죬Ҷɲʵ㣬ôҵģ
Ҷһ⹦תĸ֮Ҳ˼ó׳󣡣
ҶûжͣʵڸղŵһУתңɵġѻ󷨡ʹֻ֮Ҫһش𣬱֤й¶٣ʱô䣬޷ѡ


049 
ǡӡưԱǸƫִĶ棬ȻƼŷϣСҲǳԹࡢɼҲȻƼҸ֣ΪС㱻ŵĵܵѹƣһֱζ޷ԽＵ֡
һһܵһʵеļ֮ȻγԳԭΪᱻ˷֣Ⱥ۵ǰúöĶνţû뵽˵仰ոտºڣ˴Ⱥи˳Ǳʱ֣ŭҲơ
ô˵ǰɶ̫ˣ
ָưָָ㣬鳰Ц֮ɫԱưΪ²̨ҶڽͬһϳľٶǳǧҶĳԳʱԴһȣҲغȵҶҪ
ҶЦһð̲סҪֵˣųΧסԼȺһۣҪǸһأ
ѪӴԸּ֮ͽʲôɽȻǡ
ţ
ԱȺһϺȣ¥ġȡĪȵֹδнۣҰ׵ɣνĳνδƿЦȻҰ׵֮飬ȻҪذ׵֮ͬĹأһһĹƽ
¥һ̬мͬʱƿڴǽǿˣ¥Ȼʱȴǵ鷳
Ȼ޵ȴʵڲԸڴʱ¥Կ
ĪֹҶͷһЦȵлλִԣˣ˾ⵥķ֪ҪеʱŽͷΧסԼȺһ㣬ȵϻ˵һɣ
úӣȡĪ˫۾âһȵ
ͬʱȺǡšׯȵȻҶֵܴĪҰͷǱʱ䣬ֹǣαش󶯸ɸ꣡
ٿȻŭƨĪҰɱµӣĸ˵ҪߣҳսΪУ
šׯɫʱŭƾĶׯҪǰۣȴһסЦһøսţǹԵ˵˼֣ˣȻǰֹ󵱳һҵһãϷλͬ˵ʲôҲж˰ɡȻˣʲôֹװʲôļ󣡡
תŭĿԣǰĴٿȻׯҳսսô
˰ɣׯδ𻰣Աͬͬȴѿۣ͡١˵ׯ˵ϿֵۣˣǴ¶ǵϺɱǵֻ̳սŵΪء
ⱫһԼȳԭõĸɸ֣׷׳ͬǰҪôΪֹ壬ҪôΪ˴ͭҪôʹǲִոֶĿΪΣ󶼲ԸΪ˳սŵɣʱһ仰ʮ˱˲׷ı֡
һȵпֵ˵ȣϷվԶ㣬õǹۣ˵λɾͲÿˣ
ڶСɴŭ߳ҲûıʾȻ׷׺󳷣սź˵ľ롣
ΧȺһˣмĿ϶ʹðΧסҶĶӺʵ˼֡
衢Գݣ˫֣ȻվȺ֮ȻһͬΧҶ
ѪͦǹȵҶ׼ɣ
ҶһȻǰ˼ԶٿȻȵҶڴλУ
Ⱥ𾪣벻˻Ⱥ۵ĿٶȻöԷոҶһֵƣպգһʱȻ˵ǰ֣
ѪȻ֣Ծʵδǿ϶٣ʱȻҲǲҵһǰһս
ԳݳȻΧ֮µһ֣ԼϹȥ
һʱ֮侹Ȼûǰս
ҶɨһķΧԼսźŵĵӣٵҲǵĸ࣬ǳսŵĽ֣ҲǲףҲ˵ĵϵŵĵӣ˶ٶˣΧ࣬Ҳǵ£վڶΧܵķ֮ϣ˵Χ˵վǽ
˴Ҷк֮ǰĲ׵⣬һЦȻȵĻ֮Ȼ̰ǲ֣Ǻá
һ䣬ҶһȲνҲ÷ֱ˫һչɨ֮£죬ĸֶʱ˵أѪ磬ʱ
Ⱥ۵ʱȻ벻Ҷ֮أȳ֮¾ȻأһԷɱҲӦá
ֻ֪ʱҶΪԼͻѣǵɱ϶ǰЩ˶ɱ˰һҵԪףŭ֮£顣
ţԼ飬¶ԷҲҪԼءΪǲĪҰţžпѣĪҰĪҰԼҲһҪ
Ҷ֮£˱˳ǰ͵س˹ȥײȭߣʱִˡ
һԼһΪ˹˼ʵҶСռ̫ıˣ˿̶֣ʲôݷȣµӣǰΧɱ
봫ͬʱҲǴȣɵӺ͸ʱΧϡ
ʱ֮£İΧҶҹֻǿ˶࣬ʵܰҶߵģ˶ѣǹ趯һ˵ҪΪԼˡ
ʵߵ켶ǣΪǰԼ˵ס޷ʩչʵΪһ֣ǿĹͻ˵Լˡ
Ҷ˶ԷҺĴ򷨣貨΢չŶԷԱΣܿҪĹͶ֮䣬зַ׷ױ
ԼһҺƣɽϬæеɢԺǽĪҪҶ
ôһУԺĵʱһƬλ
Ҷһֿλͬʱ
˿ռչ֮ǿ
סȸϵĳУƽȽȵ
ƽȽ彣͡Բƽ˽һչָʱ³սнԲת󡿡
ʦֵˣСϦúϻ֮ͬģ⡾Բת󡿸ǡտյ˼귽ڡŽ֮ϷչĽܣ˲һԲΧŵ˲ͣתʼս¶ֹͣ߳Լľ֡
ڵĳͣȴһֵ˲һʩչ˾ǿ֮ƶʱһƬ
ⳤ˼ɵô࣬е뷨ǿǰ֮أȻѸײڶ֮ɱĪҰ룬˼鳹׽
һ֣ͬĪҰ뽻սʱȫһ״̬ѳӿǵһҶ
Ҷһý
н͵һ٣
ԺһСʯһӭ˽ȥ
˶ʯŵ⹺֮Ժ䵱б֮ͨשɵĶ࣬벻ʱ򷴵ᱻҶã˶ʯһסҶΡ
Ѱһãӳһɾ޴ĽâʯɨҪʯ飬ͬʱԹᴩʯ壬˼Ҷ
Ҷʯ֮͵ظϣơһƻءһ죬˶ʯʯʱΪǧٿƬ
ʯƬΪҶ£šϵʯƬǧٰѸڡɵһ㣬ɢ䡭

ֻǼڻϵʯƬ˴һЩƬȻ׼ͷȫ˻ϵıֻ֮Ǽԭȹ̵־Ȼ᧿Σн
Ѵʧɫ֮ʱƣһ֮ȫֻ¸Ϊսػǰ

ܼĽ֮Ž˲Χ֮ûгΣźƬ֮˾ˣƽʹȷһƬʯΪȽȴ϶ƬѪˣҲҶעҪϵԵʡ
Ҷһ֮£ˣͬʱҲʮ˱ʯˡ
ֻú;ֳһš
Сɶ񣡡
봫ۿҶѪӹȥԼһҲǰҪǰлҶ
ͬʱȺеġӡư˿Ҳڳ׼ʱһ˦ϳۣ¶ֻƤңҲһ˫ұɫƤף봫ۺѪӶҶע֮ʱư˫͵ĶɰȷҶ
ưɫѶɰ֮ڳһöϸţëɫյŵƤҶĽ档
ưһ֣ȻգȻ
ŵİַǹ졢ݡġ˿ưͻȻĹվưԵˣʱҲûܹݳưֵٶ֮죡
ʵֻǰһưĶ޷Զһ£ɰһѷ룬ѾҪҶǰ
ǰϮкİҶƿνΣա
߾
ķ򼸴ŮǺȻɫ
ʦ̫Сͽܸɫ԰׵߬ʦ֣ͬʱʦҲһƬգ
ҶΣȻ޾壬һȻЦ⣬Ʒʯ塢¶ĵ͵һ١
䣡
̶̼ľ룬ȴҶǿǺ棬һҫɫĳٿȻγɣǿĳ£ɢһֱҵ֣ʱҶܵʯʮ飬ưɰһѶ룬ȫٿȻʯ֮ϣһ飬Ҳĵڶ鵲
Ҷ˫͵һͬʱһ
͵رɵյʮʯʱҶͬİɣҶ˫֮ͬǰԸѵǰ㣬ʯϵ飬񱩵ЮʯƬɳʯһܵȺУ
ԼԺ䱻ˣ봫ۼѪ¿쵶նȻ赲еʯƬ
ԼٿȻ֮ʣ˫ۺ˫ѾضʯƬһʱԡѪңлڣֻƤ֮࣬δܵص˺
ֻȻˣܵĺȴûˣǱڵըһ㣬ܵɵӶʱ䵹ˣȻͷѪңĶʮ˸ǱѵʯƬɸӣѪˮһƬʬ

ԶΧ۵߶ʱŵû겻壬ͬʱ̾Լĺûǰ£ԼС¾һ֮¶ˣ
¬塢诡ţĴŮ¶Ŀõɫ
ʦ̫Сͽȴ񼫶壡
ʦ̫˫ƺʲĬţ
ףۺʹ޳䶼ЩĿɿڴ̾սĶ䡭
ȴ¶һΪ͵ı飬ֻЩ̾ѽѽ벻СֵܷȴǺôɱİƣֺף
Ҷһ֮£ȺۺȻȴݡɵʵǸǵɷǣ
壡
˸̾Ҷһǿ֮ʱδɢʯ籩У͵شܳһ󺺣ǹǹ⺮â䣬ҶɱһǹֱҶġ
ȴĸѪӣŸĻ񹦣Ӳʯ籩˿˼ʯƬֱ˵Ҷǰǹ߿裬ƥ


050 
Ѫӻ񹦲ףӲǿŻͻ񹦳ҶĹƣǹֱҶġ
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ѪӵʱһҶĪǷˣȻԼǹײ
ѪӾкɣȻŹᣬַٱ䣬ǹԭǹеǧ仯ĳȫǰĴһ̣
Ϊ֪ҶĻ񹦼ΪǿԼȫͻ̣¸˲ֺǻпܵԼһ
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ҶһתùѪӵһǹͬʱҲ˲ӽ
ѪӴʧɫд̿յǹգܵһҶ
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ҶΣңʱͻȻʹŷġȭʱ䲻Ѫһƣ
ڽҶȴǰҡͷĵƤؿڶܲʵǼֲѡ
ҶһƻѪӣӰһʮλ۷ĸɸִ˷ϵһ
Ҷ˫֮͵ر仯ǧͬʻŭţŮ٣÷˷Ӱأֻһ֮䣬ʮϤһƣһʱ֮Ӱ׷ɣҵΧֶᣬغ«һ㵽һƬһƬ
ƷһΧ۵ġšׯڴʱһΣҲԵ޵һֱΪɽ˫벻ƷҲһù򣡡
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ⲻ֪ʱҶʹġɽ÷֡ңɵ似ңɵ似Ϊֳң֣ǿ̬һ๦Ҳңţֽܴһ˾ȫ۵һĸ书
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˵ֻҪԼѧԺĹ㹻ѧԺ书ѧ
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ҶӰһߣ˫צӲָķݺᣬָ֮ʯһצ֮䣬һѺ񱳸ֵӦ飬צһָ̽ɷ綴ظ
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ҶϿ۵ĵۺ޷Զܱеʬ׶ʱ˰գͬ˹һմתܼǰΧĸײùǶϽۡ
Ҷ棬þٿʬڶֳҶȥȴɶͬʬ嵲סѪĽУԼǱײˡ

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ԲԶư͵ϮδɹҲƿڴҶźΪ
ҶһɢʮʬһΧȺҶΪ֮ĲٿأЩʬǷư
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Ҷ˫ư˫һۣͬư˫۹һʱ飡
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051 ̫ȭ
Ȼ֪Цʲôõؿһ˵벻ħʮ꣬ȴ޷ת񹦵½ǿأǸ
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׳ϬţܱɽҲºŵ
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־һ㵣벻Ѿ߿һۣȴû뵽Ȼʵ죬ľѾϰ·ƣ¶ⷢѾεȫʧ뼡Ĥ֮䣬һ̹ˣƤװףѾҪˣظԼǿ״̬Ȼ˵Саɣ
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ʱҶһȭ˶鲻Խĺһɣ
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һǿĳ𵴿ܽȺͬµҶһ㱻÷ɶݣԶֵȺҲǱͻĳһƬ
Ӱէַ֣ͬڵһֱŸ෴ķȥ
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ҶԺǽֱӷɵ˽ֵ֮ϣȴײ鹣һ·Ȼ죬ȻײõĺԭߴƯʱ᧿Σ
ҶһԾؿȭ֮΢΢ƣ۵һ³һѪͬʱаеù֮ǰ롰̿͡ճ˽֮ʱܵǵˣȻΪһȭٴθԭжȵ˴˿ȴԵЩ谭ȻܹӲƼض棬ԼʵڲӲӲظͷ޶Ժ

÷һƬ嵱Уµվ߳ãᵧ˵ϵĳȻȵСصȭţϧϷıֻڴˣǽ֮գ

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һԺޣȻһ־ַʽԺԣֻףǸʿھϣȻɽϬĶ֣
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Ҷ֮أվ࣬˫´ֱ⣬ָ΢棬ֿƽУǰ۰뻷ԳƣƷƣ䵱̫ȭʽ
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ĶЩͷ书˵ȸûпɽϬʱı˶㲻ǰЦŰҶͬʱصɤȵС㶫װǻƣϷѻ
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Ҷһϥײ˹ҶǰУԷľոռ壬ʹ̫ȭһСȸβҽʵ飬ƴ϶Էϥǣϣ𡰼־ճճ棬͵ҲŤ˫ֺᾢ
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ֳ˴Ϊ˷ܻȸԾ֮⣬˲ΪҶġ
ҶȴȻ壬˫Բתÿһж̫ʽ仯΢̫ȭȭȪˮ㻺ӿȻ˿̻ȭвѹĻ֮ʱһץסһԽܳȥٶԽ졣
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ڣԭ½ƶûȷǸܷƫƫܷԶǰ½ƶ㱻ʶƣ㶪


052 Ӱ
½ƶ̫תͷܷһСһһķ֮У½ƶҵ˹ȥ
ʱɫ죬繳
ܷլԺ֮УŻһСԺУһĨһżԼѵƤԼУ¶һɫơһݵģֻТüƵسü
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ܷæ˳صԺȥ
ܷĳȣԼһɳʱŮٴˣöҩеǲѾԣҿɲ֪ŶԵʱСĵ㣬СΪٶջ
ܷʱͨһˤڵأЦȴٲһͷٶȥ
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ߺһЦָܷܷһСѾͷԴѵʦؼʱ̾ôôӣҪҳȣ˵ʲôҽ㣬ҿǳ룡
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ףܹѹ˵һԸֱʵȴһ죬龳ΪԸһڣò֪ߣ

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Цתͷ˵ҶСܣ֪֮ǰ۽ڽύǽյĳְæɶôϡ֪ҵҪҵĶ飬ҲȷһҪҪ·ְæҪʱΣտɱȽչ֮ԥ鵽ΪֹǾƼˮ꣬һЦڽΣ
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һʱֹɵôüͷ
Ȼó˵书ʦҲǴв磬ֻղһ龳ͬèץһƷոͻƹ飬ʮֵĲȶˣҲܿεĸĸ־ǡϵĳ׿еΣյ飬Сʦô͸״Ӧأ
һЦ˵ãúãȻõɫ㲻ôңҲڸôҡҪҲҵҪ졣ϵ彭ĵһ壬иլԺڣͨˣңʱԻ˭ҲҪʲô
Ҷһݴڣˣ
Цص˵ͷתȥ
ͬʱܴľȺһȵʹ˽ȥ͵Ϯˣ¥Ը
ʮֽһϯʱյʧܸգ¥ɵıˣȺһƬȻȻ󲿷ֻΪֻ¥ֶţ¥ߣԲΪʲôشӰ졣
ŵӰǾ޴ġ
봫һȻվʱǳսŻѾȫҳһţﻹԭչ
ҶĪҰ룬ǣ߳š
һͷһ۴͵˵صѶԴ˼˽ķʵԸôŹǣСĺ
Ҷ˵ûȷ֤ݣ޷Ȼɱ׵ɵĳϡǶԷľۣʱԷѾ䣬֣ǲǺ˾ٲ볤սֱ֮ӵĳͻǵĳҸǴпԴΪԸᡣˣҪ㣡ȾȳĪ磬࣬ȻԻȥʱǧڣҲⲻһлһиɡ
ʲô
Ҷ˵пû
ҺĪҰͬʱһؿҶ̾Ϣһ˵ΪȺ˻ûҵҪĶҴǰѱ
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¹⡢ˣһ˫ˮһضڷҵϡ
ȴһ̾·ǰ֮ҪͨʱɰѰ죡
ҶһЦĵ˶ʦⱲˡ


055 Ծ
ɽϳεʬ屻ʰͣһ֮С
еӸʬ˵ׯϳϢٴݻʦźͳ԰
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Ҷ˴ĪҰ룬뾲ʦ̫Ҳ뿪š
ڶȺһɢ
ʣµֻʧصһȺˣĬĬ̮úһص֮С
ľһڸλ֮ϣԭ󷽡ɽϬλÿţλȫһϣǰܵػʱ˻ԡ
ƽȽ嶯һӣؿڴĵʹ޳һͬʱƶǣڶԷɱǣԲǿʱˣʧ״̬ȺףֻǿѯϣӦô죡ϣ
δţȽ̽ȥػһϥǣû뵽ȴһ˼̬иһ㡣
ϣ¸ô죿Ƚٴʵ
ǰڸô죡ҲǸ˵Ķ֣һҲǸ˵Ķֽ֣Ǹôأ
Դ֮У֮⼫ǿ
ɡꡱҰͳ죬ʱǣɵôΪģǸ˵棬˵ļֲ
ʱû⣬Ұһ˵Ȼûиõ⣬ֻҳˣҼʦã̸ɣ
ƽȽΪ׵ġѡɫʱһ
Ƚ˵ôԣǼΪκ˶֪һ¶Ǽ֤֮ء޺·ˣʱôֹ
Ұ԰һ˵ֻܹ̰δ㣬ԼùԹ˭
ͭĴλһֱɡ񡱰ҵĴഫ򿪡ͭԿףǵʱİ˰ѱֱ𱻵ġ񡱰Ҵߵİ˴س
ʵǵһλ׹ݵسഫѲڣֻǰѱ˴ұһĴ˰һѲ֪ԼҲǵĺˡ
ȻѾȴϵĴУһϵȴδѰЩ
λسĺһֱ֮£ѪĵӣʵλسĺѾӵѱ
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ͷӦвеģһö衱ԭڡ桱ö衱
ǣ˶ֶԸһңսװӪȣβ
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Ҿڽ˾ҳһŵҶС
ʱ˵ͣһΪʱܴ죬һҲûܵõйء
죬Ӳúܣ
ɫڱ
ʱ˭Ҳ˳
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鲻ǳһ˿δӰƣΪҪͣ˵£Ѿûлͷ֮·ͣȥ
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ͷԭΪʶʱû뵽ȴӲԭǺùûжٻǸѾͷߺߡпһЦŰٻֽһֵĥ
˶ǺٺЦô˴ڿЩջˡ
ʱӳһ˵ʦˣ˵һ仰
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¶Ź֮ɫ˵ʦ˵ȥһȰȫΡиܹЩ˵ĵطȫԵõӦеﻹ˿κѪӵˡ
벻ȻĵطΪ֮ǰ˵أ
˲ɵȻӣѯʣʲôط
ЦЦ˵Ϊṩ衯ĵط
ͬʱ벻Ȼӵ浤ҩĵطвɵü˷ܣͬʱеҲȥõ벻ĺô
ȴǱȥһ̾һ˿оԼһȥǸطͷ·Ҫһֱȥˡ
һΣǷͬ⡣
΢һ˿⣬뵽ԼõʵδõȨһ˿ͽ̬Ȼ
սѾ֪Լʵ˰ɣǲ뱻ԼѹȻŽᵽһ𣬶Լֻ֧֣ڳսеǰܴѹ
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ӰһèͷӥצһӰèͷӥһ漴ָϰգµسԶߣצµӰ·𻹲һֻ˶أ

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ĪҰѾҩȻ˯
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ʱҶһȵؿžʦ̫ߵСѾͷ̾ѽѽԭǳãŮʮ˱䣬벻겻ѾƯˣպ²Ҫߵ˰ɣǺǺǡ
ҶֳһȡЦųǵСѾͷͮͮͬƻ
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ҶǳЦһ֪ԷΪ÷ѩĹϵԼȻᵽѹһ⣬ʱ˵׵ɵŽ֮ԼҪעִ磬Īѹ󶯸ɸ꣬˰׵֮ꡣ
Ҷаܹ̾ѹùϵôҪƻأֻǡ
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жͷлֳѡ
ȸվԺ⣬ذĻﵭƮ˹ҹˣЩ˯ɡ
鿴Լֳȥͷжѡ
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һʱ𣬴翿Լһ˫Ӳ˰ٻȵصʮٻеڰ˻ѹǧܹسɳ
ٻȣһƬԴ
Ϊ˰ٻȣȸκпƻƬԴľٶΪԼװã׿һУΣյж
имԼǧСģΣҲҪƻٻȵ


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ǣ˳ֱϷ߰˶ɺ˰ﶴɺɫףжϣˮϣݣҶɽ֮Ⱥɽ⡣
ΪҶɽһݳǹģʵ㲻ӴѹΧ
ѹʮΪһɣûκε׷ûܾеЩѹһԸ㣬Զɽҿޣܹ֮Ƶ̬ʮɣʵΪǶΪ㹻Ĵۺھѧ
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Ů֮ھ֮£ò˵ѹӷԼصһס
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ɽ·ߣطŽȴй谭Խǽɽʱ䣬ֻ·ϾҪ죬ɽҲҪһգػؾʱ䵢·ϣʣܹµʱ䣬Ҳҡ
ҶˣԭĽȴþ
֪÷ѩѩϵȴԼ꣬Ϊ˽죬Ҳȴꡭ
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֪ϣһʲôʱʲôط㶼֪ôһڵ㣬ôҸأ
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˱ҽŵ˸磬ĪҰδҲߣһ·ϸʮ·̣һ·ƽҰˮɽ࣬޿֮Уûöñ㵽˷ѩµɽ¡
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ԭȥΣѾž衣
˪ӥǰľƺӡ
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ɲǼ䣬ٲϵһƸ֣Ҷĳȣ֣֮ϣԷǸ߿֣ռҶٽգԷ
Ҷÿһ֣Էٸһ֣ƺռҶȻʧЦ뵽߶Ǹ֮Լϵ˼˷˶ʤʵ⣬ɵתᣬΪ档
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ҶЦҡͷҵ˷֪ղ֮оȻ鷢һµؿŶˡ
ҶæվЦλ̨ˡͨղŲδ㣬ûԽ̨ĵزѣ̨̧̫ˡ
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Ҷ˼ˣֻϣδ˵ȫܵʱ򣬸ֻ˵ǽС㣬δǾ׵ϡ
δ̨մЦеʵ
һͬЦ°׳С룬֡˾ı飬ɵЦλĪЦеĭ妣ѧԺֶ֡ȻҸԺˣҲΪѧԺһԱû˿ȵȡֶҪֵĵز
˶ʱЦͬʱҲ֣ĪҰֲѧԺĵӣѧʶҲѧԺеЩӸǺȻˡּȻѧԺеһԱע״ĵ˰ɡ
˵ȷˡֻʫʣѸ̨ܵ׳ɽ֮ˣǿտ壡
ֲ˼ЦһЦ˵λֳǸ߹˵ˡʵСಡֱ㣬Ҹĸ磬ӱ͵ϲһЩʫʸ踳֮ûõѧʣĲȻʵȭȣȲܰֲܳ۳ҽͽĶѡν׳ɽӵţиҶеƣһʱԾԷѣʵڸµ־Ը޹ء
ҶסƬ̣ŵֵǾ״֮ʿСܲλ֮С
æЦɽżλ̨ĳһξΪ飬Ҷǫ飬ֲͣҫֵܣǿ̫ƻˡҵס˹άУһȻȾƿɺã
˺ȻЦһͬкá
ϯ˸̸̸ۣ۽ֲʮ֮һѧԺĸ㣬ʲôⶼܲԼҵ۶ϣһ̸ԭ飬͵͸ף崺磬˷׽
ȵɫĺ˻ǲȥͶ޻طѩ£̸ãͬĪ桭
̸У˽ǽͣȻյĻ˽ϵϡ
ϢĹ㣬཭ϲͬĽš
ϸֽˡȻ͢ϲϵشĦ룬аѹϵһʵǣ̫ĳ֣͢طвáҽƼΪأɡޣͻȻ֮Ī¹ʷȻ鶼⣬񣬶̶̼µʱڣѾгʮʿеɽˣɽʯԼɽ˱Գ㣬λһ֣ͻȻ֮ͬУʵ˺Ȼѡ
һæʵ̨֪Ƿʲôͷɣ


057 ҹ̸
Ҷһֱڴǰ飬Խط֮䷢¹ʴಢδ̫ģʱԼеجģϵһ𣬹Ȼùطǳ
ֺ֮ȻδӣԭǴʱڸٿġݡϵǰ;˼ΪǿҵĹע֮иֵżʵڲ̫ġ
ЩʧȥиֵţѾʼͬϵɣΪԷΪӮñɶʹĵֶΣɱи֣ʹһЩ֮ĹϵΪӣ֮е
һƬণɵ˲ע⵽ݡ֮°ΣΣ˰׵֮໥Žᣬֻǿаʱõı֣֪ݡֵӰжô޴
ֳ̾Ϣһ˵ʵүһֽگ飬ҳһ࣬ʱ˭˷ˣɵȫѹƣ˵аھڵеľɽǡҲ躹޵Ĳԣٳ֮ڼ沢ʮС죬ڲԶĶɺϼᣬҪͬǺڵĶɹȳڼ붴ɹȹϵǳĺȻӲܣǧԮڻ£ǭ޼ȣǻͼ֮һδƽһֽһսĻˡ
٩٩̸Աߵ˶üͷΪɽ֮˵һϷʵؿ֣űɽǶԣһʵ飬ڶԷ̺ɽ̬ȣһɵı飬ڵŮıɫչ¶ࡣ
Ϊ׵ɵӵҶͷ˿յС
ɽǶԷҵľ֮Զ׼ģɹȵ׷Ȼɲ޶飬һƽŮһͬԿħźʱ򣬽ꡭ
һʱ֮䣬ȡᣬö˶˼֮С
⣡
Ͳ֮˵ѡ
Ƕ˼ͬʱ뵽ǣβֹⳡҾķ
һ̵˼ܣȻԴж⣬Ϊ˸һֻ֪ܽɽ붴ɹ֮ս£֮أ
־ȵؿ˷һۣʱ׵Ѿҳɵһţ벻Ȼ뵽ڵ֮ĳɱУʲδڣҲԷǺڵʿҲ˵
ְѰ˼һ˵Ҫֹڵɻ𲢵ķûУȴǼѡȱҪ֮뷨˿񣬾µķǰҲȰ˵һ
˵㣣һǵĿѡ
ҰһţʾҪ˵ŲԸؿԼղŵľٶ
ֲ˵ҪеɹȵжòʧпܻʧܡȻöɹȵʵǵΪ˼ɲſԣΪ˲ԷΧø㹻ĺôʧڼŭ֮¡
õͷѣԸĿǿˣҪвԷİȫҪԷ㹻ĺôöԷΪ
һһȷʵܹЧضԸΪһеǿľһڸΡ
βܷɹȵʵأ¾ϺȣҲѹס׳־ɣĪҰɻʵ
Ҷ룬ֻ¾ǰʦɽҲевɣֲֻŻеһ˿زŶԣΨһԼϵǳֻС֡Ѧ͡˾ͽ壬оǡʥ޼
˼ײβڸëҵǳְæأ
̵ؿ֣кθ߼
ֵһγ˼ı飬ԥ˵ʮУеľ֣ܹӵľֻ֣²޼λУҲм֮֮һĽֻҪĽ֣ȻȻսµһµ۽Σǽܳܵشʣͬ˵оġ˾ͽ塭
ΪΣҶʵ
ЦЦ˵Ը⿴󵶿ͱһˣͬھòҪö˼档˾ͽȻսͬҲһˡ
Ҷһ룬ˣ˽⣬˾ͽԸ壬ڰռµһ֮ʮ֮õԻĳһսġ˾ͽûбʤûս֮ǰûǲҪö˼ĺá
֮⣬ֻ϶һ֮Щ񣬶Щĸ֣󲿷ֶӣ˵ǸͱھŵѦʮһİ޼
Ȼ书һΪ͢߹һȴĽС͵ǰԵΪϲ̨󣬼˶а̾Ѿûʲô˿̵˵ġ
Ҷ̾Ϣһʵֿ֪ڡʮУ˭ǿأ
Ц²Ļ׳棬ʵ뷨ݽԺΪƶԸص⼸ΪصӦþǡ¡סʦʦ书ѧһ֮ѹţʹôµŲֺܲʦ֮ͣʵΪ塭
ͷҶ͵͵ҲͷʾȷʵˣɵֵֶĲ²߿һۡ
ƶ˵˵ȣ뼰ģһӦǡӥչ۷ɡΪšԵԡӥӥĳȷʵ񡮰Եݺᣬ첻µزµԸ񣬻ǿϢԽѹԽǿĸԣǡԵķ棬Ȼӥ壬Ե̣Ըϣƶȼߣ¶²⣬áԵ۵ģλӥˡ
˳ĬӥæԶߣȴҲԶˮⲻ˽ʡ
֪кˣĪҰʵ
ֺǺһЦ˵һλȴǾݴԶҲǡʮ֮һ
˭ʵ
ҡҡֽȣ˵彭ƽ

һҲ¶ɻı顣
ֿȻλǹŵȳ˾ٻɱˣֱ֮ԱǣǡαӡΨλƽȴ۵ǡӡɼӺΪƳ磬̬
˶Դ۷׷ױʾͬ
ֹһ䣺˵
ɴ˸ֵĻＫпġ
ô˵ֻλ彭пܻⳡɱ¾ඣʵ
ֵ˵ͷ˵˵ǱȻˣֻ˵ǴпܡҾ֪λΪ˹壬ϲ򱧲ƽԷǺڵҲԸΪ׵ҲϧԺܶһֽ˵⣬ϲλֳ壬ڽϵĵλһϵ书޹أ漣
Ҷ¶Ȼ״뵽λǵ忬ģΪɹǣ˶صĺܣֶǱɫԸ񣬲װǻ֮ͽԵ˸Ϊɹˡ
ĪҰ뼱ʵֿ֪֪סô
ִʱ̾Ϣ̨ˡĳֻ֪ھ彭ĳ֮Уλãȴǲ֪ꡣ
彭ĳ֮У
ҶȻλģҲᵽԼ彭ĳѰѵ˾ǡ彭ƽ
ֻǿ书ܣһȺˣȴ⡰ֺɰ
ʱҵڰ֪̾μλ彭ƽҲ֪ο˼ҳְæҶȴѾ뵽Ǹƽһͬ롰ʥءȫѹľʦ̫
Ҳ֮˵ϻʦ̫ҲӦ֪λƽӵʲôط
һҹ̸ֱۣҹʱ֣˶ƣۣĪҰδʱƣ̬ԣǲ൹һԣ˯
ЦһϢ
ڶ峿ֱǣ˷λ̨𣬲֪ʱܴлգСòߣλֵԵټ
˼ȥŨҲ⣬Żת
ңŵӰԶȥ˷ŷֻһϦ֮䣬ж˲ĥӡ
ò˵Ǹ׿ѹӣ֮ദ崺磬
պȻǸĪҰ̾
ǵͷͬȴԵϧӹǲã书ĺϡ
˲ɵΪеϧѧʶγԽˣ书̫΢ȴʼղǼ¡
Ҷ˵λ̨ǡ߾ʣԺֻ֣»ʮ꣬ģӦҲǲʮؿڽһβΣգһμǲ̫ˡ
߾ô־֢ô֪ģ
Ҷ̾ʷڡʥءһߴ˵Ⱦ֮ˣԭ֮ǵзѣǽ֮ʱһʱ֮ģ־ʹûԵɺ֮ҵּķǻΪѣҲѵõһԵˡ
Ҷһ߼򵥵ĸԺȴһʿӵһС壬ǸϲĲͣĲԸЩǶʦ֣ҲԸ񣬲Լ˾Ƕˣ˲ų־һΰɡ
ʱĻһף˵лҶȣԭӦҶеˣµ귢ģԶһİŮУҶģһգ嶨Ҷ¡
ΪʿǰձˣҶֵĳӣһ̣Լǰطĵ壬ͻȻһöҶöԷҲһˣҲһѪˣĳС
ԭ˵Ҳ˵İ
ʱҶôġ
Ȼа취κáΪҶϵܸղŲֱ˵أĪҰʵ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵˵ҲΪ⡮Ǿ֢Լ̹ȻҲ˵ǿɡģԺӣҲԺҵӦòѰ졭
˷Ȼ
ҿ˿ɫողʱ˵гԹ緹ɽ٣ҪǸֶǮҿǸϺΪ˵˲һɡ
˲ɵúȻЦ
ҴʱŶʵС㣬һڽϴ󶯸ɸ꣬ʱǧѷ꣬ȴпħ̵ԸĶɹǵѣ֪ʲôȰȰô
̾Ϣһ˵ȴѰĺܣҵʲôңΨ⽭ϵ飬ȴȫҲ֣˵ʲôҵҪɶӼ̳У˴õܵܲУϣ˵ķܵء
ʱҶһɵ˵ǲ֪СܵĹϵأ
Цĸȥ磬ܵҵĻˣ˵һ˵
ҶһĴȣ˵Ǹã
ףô
ҶЦǰǼء


058 ɽ
Ҷľ򵥵ĸһ顣
ɫ࣬С׳գ˵ǹʹҲ֪ϡƽˣҳǿͷҿʱ򣬶Ҫƨɲɣ
üͷֱ壬Ťͷ⺷ģʵϧûмСܣ֪ȥʲôط
˰֣˵õȻҵڶɺֻСӶ֮ǻصҵȥˡ
ʵϵɽǵô
˵ͷ˵Ȼû⣬Լַ¼Ǻţձѯʣϵ֮󣬾֪׵ˡ
ҵͷ
ҶĪҰ뿴һۣԷҵ뷨µ˼֡
Ҷʵʦ롭
ҵͷ˵µȷ¹شҿ˾ϣֻҪСʦܴ˼һ뷽跨ȥҡ彭ƽܹɽΣҺͽȥѰܷӲȰɸΪ񲯡Ǳ·˫¡
ҶЦʦǲȻʦֺС㲻̣صȴС¡ⱾСܵ˽£λߣʦ̫ܲ˼ΣһǼжĺã
룬Ҳ͵ͷͬˡ
Ҷתһ룬ȻҵѾȥĪƻδȫԼ߱Ӱ첡ȬҸ׵ĵطúˣʤԼա
뵽˴ҲԼ˼һĪҰȻЩģҪ̻գܲסȰͬʱһ뵽ԼʵǵĸҲȻͬҶİš
ҳīֽ⣬ҶдһţһֱԵ½ƶƶ¾ͽˡҵ˵ĽǸϴ󺣣ԽСס˶֮⣬˲ţƶˣҲй¶ĪݡŶ˵ΨһȫεǾϣɺҲԶƶȥ֮ڶϢʱĪиˣҲܷϵҶɽ
˶Ҷİűʾĺ⡣
ֹգȥ˸ǽǰӭĪҰ룬иǸڶ࣬״ʮĵң⼸˸˲ٽ֣ʱֻ̲Ա֤İȫ
̣˵ǸҶ棬ҲԱ֤ĪҰİȫ
˺Ѱգ̣˵ĴӽĪҰ밲ȫתƵ˵ܲ
ٱ֮ʣҶʵ֪Ұݵˮտɺã
̾һʵԴҶϵܱʥء֮ˮҲδһˣȻżȫ֪λڣ쳣Ķ޷٣Ҳ
Ҷ֮ɫһȻ֪ˮǸżѧϰѧϰʲôҲܲЩı֮ĶδֵѰ֮벻丸Ҳ֪Լصɽʦȷһ¼ᰵ٣ֻ˼ʧء
ͷȥҶһֻʣ½ƶһˡ
֣ͻȻİȲӦ
ƶ
Ҷص½ƶ˿ջķڣϥãν⼸ֲҲеı֣нյĳɾʵףʦΪӼַȻҪǵãʵͨĥ²ܳеģַֻǸô
½ƶϲȻ֪СʦҪ¡ޱΪͣæصͷʾ֪
ҶͷʾãƬ֮½ƶڱöޱޱİ½ƶʱǰꡣ
ƶлСʦ䣡½ƶл
ҶһУӵЦޱҲûд۵ģ㻹Сʦһˡ
Ҷӡǧϻȡһôɹܷ£εƺʲôҺ嵱Уص˵һĵرġ衯ڡʥءõļƷҩ޲֮ˣȥҶȡһˣɢʯҶԣ֪ⶫǸʲôõģȻͿԻɽˣ
ǽҽɡҩƷ½ƶµؽɹ޽˹ðϸذãĲС飬ڴɹһޱҶõͷѣ뵽½ϸص½ƶȻ
ɹеġ衱Ϊɢʯʦ塰ػ׼ҩΪµһˡĲػΪ˴˶ֲˣֱնûκθյףҶҲǧ̡ҩκĹؼ
ɱ޵ԣȻܵͣѾòػĲת˵Ѿתȴױ˵ĻҲ޷ش
һεġ衱ǳ壬ЧΪЧ
һػȫпܽ⿪һţھڳ͢ڲһвµ֯
ɴ˿ɼ衱ǼΪĹؼ
ԭҶҪͽɢʯڵƺԽԽ࣬ȫѲԲŽҪ½½ƶ
Ҷ½ƶ֮󣬾ʦ̫뿪ݳǵʱҲʮա
һʮգѶȫޡ
ҶȻǾʦ̫ûа£ֻ˵һ£Ǿǰʦ̫ڣѹгˡ
һ̾Ҷװϡǧϻѹ
һƬɽççҶɽֻΪѹϣֻ֣һƬɽһֻиͳ֡
˵Ҷɽһ߷壬ѩ嶥Ʋ֮ϣƽѵһݣƲ֮ϵɽ岻һǷֳɽ໥֮ӣɵ͵ߣƽµҲһѹߵĶ֮ϡ
Ҳ˵ҶҪѹݼѹǾȳ÷ѩ붼Ҫɽ壬ؿ顣
Ƭççɽ֮Уоʦ̫һָ㣬Ҷδ˷̫ʱҵĿĵء
Ҷٸ·ԭʱ䵽Ҷɽȴֻ˶̶̵ա
ҶҶɽµʱ򣬴ʱɫʮʱ
Զε£һѩ帡ڰ֮С
ǾҶɽѹڵأΪǶȵĹϵ߷ʱͬһ塣
ľ֣βգзȪ齦ѩЩϮˡ
ҶɵЩЦϲ֮˵öǲģȻɽҪˮˮõٲٲȻγһС̶
̶ˮģСͤͤһô£һˣͷң£һʯϣȻԵõش
ֻǡ
ٲˮļ쳣һкעڴ˵δЩȡ˰ɣˮ㣬˺ҵˮ£㻹ʳ
ݳǼԶݾʦ̫˵ҶɽԲڣһ䣬ͻȻڴ˴
һۣҶһߣλֵǼ٣棬ֻµȴԼ˰ɡ
һʯС̶ͤƹֱҶɽ
ҶҲǸẒֱֵ́ɽȥ
δ߼һ̾ãϹˡ֪̰һʱȴ¾֮˰֪ˣȴ֪Ƿлأ
ߣװŪʲôо
ҶƶǶԷĴڨʯɽ
ͻȻ֮䣬һϮ壬͵ľƿҶĻҶڼ̵ʱжϣ貨΢ʩչһƮ࣬һɫ߷ɹһ죬ոͷϵĶѾزҶǰʯ֮ϡ
Ҷղûж֤Ǳʳݵ³
ȻҶĻҳһ׺ۣпܻǻµġ
ó
ҶתǰḶ́һ˿Цǣ˵ɿл˵Уαض֣
ʱҵߣԼʮ䣬Ƥͭף˫üͭ壬ŭһɴҵķ緶
һ˵ˣ˼˵Ҫúõվţ˵һ·߹Ŀˣǽ·Ҫ̫˰ɡ
˵һɫͣ˵һ죬ͼ˱ǰĴʯϻݺύʮۼһ࣬书Ǻεȵۺ
Ҷ˿Էеֿͣ˿Էõ׺ţŶһҵ˭ԭǡš밡˵Դħ֮󣬲ȸأ̻̲յôôôѹشأ
ҶѦнӴЩȸߵǵϣߵһٶʮ˵УʮˣĶܵ˲š
ʮֵУ˴󲿷ӹ֮⣬Ϊʵʮ֮࣬ȸͻϮ磬ʹõĲЩ켶ӹ֣ĸֲδǲЩӹǱġ˾ͽһ֮¿ʮüλʣµŵƨ֮࿹
ǰλšȴûвǴεж֮УӦڵˮƽꪡǮԼĿͷһȼĸ֡
뵽磬ҶꪡǮ׷ɱƨоһĲڷˮתܸǰ׷ɱԼһһϸ£һʱ˷Ī
ͬʱӹħ֮µЩֳȴҶֱ³ȥ
ĪħŶѹʲôɣ
ҲΣգѹȵɻҪ¼ţôһСɽͷǱΧֻϢ;ûС
ɵǳڱ߽ɾԮĿѹȫΪյĹʹȻ
Ҷø侲
ԽΣͷԽ侲ش⡣
Ȼħ˵ԼǾԼżѹϿҲŸΪصΣյԼĪ罫ĵһһãǿɽǰл
ҶƶԷ֮󣬼˵ѵùǰڴȴ֪ȴк⣡
Ҷթһ£ԷԵԼԵѹֻҪ˵Լ֣˵ԷĿԼɽǵʵǳԼΣգѹûΣգԷ֪Լ˭˵ԷĿѹﲼ֣һпɽ֮ˡ
šɫ¶һϷʵı飬ɭȻЦǺǣ㣿ǺˣõϷڴֻᣬһʱҪšԴ桭ϷʮδּڻСǵϷͳһ㣬ʶ㣬ϷֱŪ㣬֤ۣ
ҶһãԷĿ겻ԼǾпѹ
һͨѹĵ·ϣͲһֵˣпȸʵѹ
֪ʦ̫ͳǷȻأ
Ҷ¡ǧϻ˵ǰòУҸطеӣƫҪ˷ˣΪ׵ӣòǰֽһˡ


059 ·
šһ㶣źȻЦڵ˹ȻĿԣϷʮδ˶ϷֶѾòˡúúãȻ˲֪ߵͣ㳢ϷƤǵֶΡ
һһǿٿȻչ֮ƻΪ˵Ĳ˿һ㣬Ͷڵ˸ʵ֮оȻһְǣĿ¸оҧס㹳㡣
šԴ費©
һʩչͬһŴſκ佻涼ͬһε˨һ㹳סĴ㣬پңҲǻᾫƣ
ҶһеԼԷһʩչ貨΢ͼԷľշתŲΣûаѶԷĸ棬ʩչṦ֮ʱоԼһƥһ㣬һֱŶԷصڱۣԼ۵òУȴȻѲ
Ǳ㹳ס㣡
ҶͻȻһ˿򡭡
ɭȻЦһγ㺮âŶʯľűȳĳȼҶҪ
ΧٱɣҶöԷҷ֮ʱǿ˼֡
Ҷޱϲб佣͵سʣ˷ŶԷ֮˲٣һǰͶ빫Ƿصȥ
񶼶һС򲻵ô㡣
棬ҪӲ̵Ķģ޴ͣпܻᱻġ
ʱҶǻΪһ͵Ĵ㣬ҷԼ
佣âݺᣬ͡ƿֱ㺮âĺĴĺ쭣忪ϰ̵ĺѹȵԷȥ͵ĹѹɢȥγɵټҲƿһ󶴡
һҶ۷֮ȫȫͶ룬ڶ⣬׳ʿһȥⲻ;ġ
һ˭ǿ˭ȫԺϲ֣޾޾塣
һ벻Ȼ˿Լġ費©ת˲֮ɫָ糣˷ܴЦýúã
ԭǧ꣬ٿʧ٣һͨͨɫ͡
̤沽Ȼƣ͵ر˫ִָˣɹΣһɣٿȻֱһֲؿҶ佣Ľ洦պһ࣬׼ȷýš

һ죡
Ҷȫ׻Ǳ佣ںˮбβɨһƵģûγκǿĳҪԼؿڴȴشһǺʱѪڣðǣ徭ѣһѪҪڶ͵һͣѪû˳ڣǿĳ㽫ͷǹǸƿڡС๦ת磬˳žѸػʮΣŽڳľΣܵãаͷTMD
־ֻ֮´˿ֿȫ뷨
Ҷȴѡвͨġ
뵽֮Լһ漴ϴ򱻹ĹǣűߣƾУ׼ȷ⵽Ľơ
Լһʼһƿ֣ʵԷۺƿһ֮Ѹٵֲһδԭ˷Ѷ
Լ̫ˣԴɱ˼֮ԼΪ֮ˣû뵽һĸ֣˱УҶԷĹĳ滹ԼΪƣһʱ֮£˸
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Ҷһߣң硿ȫչ֮δлᷢڣңʩչһᣬƾľӹѸӽŻȥ;нһþòǰʮ˳ġɽʮʮΪһŽԷȥ
˫ĿһͶâĽ֮ڶҲǶͷðصҶƥ콣ƣ
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죬Ǳʮಽվ֮ʱֻϵѻΪĵݡ鲼绺Ʈ䣡
һ죬ؿһĨһ̲Ѫơ
ղƴ赲ҶĽУ©ؿһ
˲أ뼱ٺ˱ܿ˿ƶǵĽֻ֣ؿһɼǵ˿ڡ
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һϺȣֹһɫնɳ͵ƿնһ˲ʮ߰˵֮࣬գۼ㵽Ҷǰ
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ֻӰԾŲսݣ˫Կ죬вУн֮ơ
Ҷƺһˣ˾Զɡ
Ҷ佣ңָ룬µһ󶴣¶ƤֳһɫٺۣľϮڣȻáڤ񹦡ǿգҲܵһ˿΢˺΢΢Ѫ
˿̵Ĺ룬ɫЩǰһ˺֮ǰĽ˻һƣѪ˿ڴʳȾҶĽֻһ磬佣˼˿
ҶȻһЦµĽǱǰһˣǰûôСܾҪһˡ
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ͣ뿪ݳǵ磬Һʯϡ
ҿ˷ܵòֺ
һɫֻǲͣͷơ
磬˵󶼺棬һ·䣬ߵò졣
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ǰҲüͷһ壬һӰ쵽θڵɫ̾һýĨĨͣԱߵͯȵƹģˣ

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Ϊ˵̷ʱֵܳħŸ֣ҶԼġĦڭ޹ת˼ޣʮ׵̽룬ⷶΧڣһֻӷɹܹ㿪Ҷ̽顣
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ħŴ˾ٵأ
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˫һУ͵һصıѩٿȻɣһӰʱѩ汻˳ĵػδվȣ㱻һѿס˲ϵѨȫʱһ飬á
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Ǹ󣡣ŮӣôᵽҶɽ


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Ҷڵ鼫⣬Ӷˡ
ǶԷ۸ǽûðɡ
ԭҶǼѹԼѹĲΪľ÷ѩˣԼѹѾ͸ˣǽԼεİҲ޷ñ˵ĺøУʵ䷴˼ҸӵԼ
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˵ҶߣӦû÷Ǹ߿һۣΪСԽԽֱӵĹʵڸһֲԵĸоԷͼӴһ£ĻᶼûгԣֱӰɶλΪ˵̬ҶܾʲôԼ֪ûյġ
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ԱһŮӽ߳˼ʦ㣬иˣÿ
ҶŶһǰԼסŮ˵ԭֽ˼񰡣ǺǣǸǸȴ˼ˣԵȻѾʱ򣬰¸Сæˣ
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ҶôѹʱѾ˶ٶŵӣȺһˣҶעĿֶЩӣֱССһȺŮŵĸоҲЩˬ
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ҶһƬհ׵Ĺ㳡ΧŮԵֵĸͺĻݲݣǱضҲһƬȻ
ӭʮӹάŮӣסҶȥ·
ҶɨһֻŮӾڵΪŵޣŵۣģŹ쳣ɫ䣬Ŀȴɱһ㡣
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ҶνƲƲ죬аӷѾӡСˡھӡ޳ܡɡ޳ܡΣ
ҶȻŮ֮ʱĲ̶ȣһŮ˼Ʒʱ򣬷ĳ̶Ҫ˺ա
ֻŮӵλͻȻӮ˼Ӯʦãʦ裬ҵӸõΣ
Ҷһ㶣еӮ˼һ𣬽ٿȻȵԸһһϴ裡
˵úã
Ůͬʱζ̤ţƫ棬ıͬʱһзҶв
ѹһŮӣԽƫǰӲֱ̡
һ֮䣬ĸӰһҶ̬ֹӯŮһ㣬гȴǰĿ佣º壬ķΧԼͬŶкˡ
ѹŮȴչһֵ飬㶼ǱؿűΧҶ۾Ӯ˼Ͼһ£·ѾǸһ㡣
Ҷа룬ֲ÷ѩССѹûнһѣԸǱĮ쳣ֻǿѹ֮ͬʿһĮѾ˴ԭˡ
Ůһ־飬Ҷһüһ̣ת䣬ƮȻ֮ѩ貨΢ʩչ˲תϵĻѩһ𣬵ʱͬһɢҶӰãѱ
ֻһ֮䣬ҶӮ˼ΧĽơ
Ů߳׷϶ϣҶмһ˵Ṧ룬ֻܱ֤˲ˣȴ޷ԷĽ
ŮƲҶƣӦ˴ʱȴǵùķ֣ԭӮ˼вԷû뵽Լȴ˶ԷıˣЭܵ˺
Ҷշǳһ߶㣬һߺȵιǼˣԼͬŵǲˣʲô׵ɣ
նħұʹΪɵ֮٣˴
ʲôƨ߼ûתԼ
ΪԽϲŶ˼࣡
ҿˣǷǲ棬ڰײ֣ǸһУǵһ꣡
ԭȺʱ
Ǹɿģǣ
ӷǸ󣬹Ȼ֮ˣ

ҶʱˣԭԴ⣡
ѹĵӾȺͨµˣʲôǷǺڰףѧŷǸǰ׵ȻɣͰ˼ҵż񣬹ֲ˼һ仰ʮɣԼ˵˰죬Ҳûһ䡣
ԷѾѷǸ󵱳һĳݣЩ˸аͽûʲôԸڽ̷ӣõ˵ˡ
һ䣬ŲɽҶڲͺȵ
ĸӣ޳ܼҪ÷ʦãʤ˵
˵ǼٹʮལƶڣһʱҶ˼ɾҸǧٶ滨ͬʱʢȴǽ۶ɣƮƮزƬռ䣬ƾҶṦֻҪӲ֮⣬ҲȻ޴ɶ㣬ֻҪһ佣ϣȻ빥޿ӡ
ѹķ󡿴һ֣ΪŮӺϻ֮Ů˽һתŮ֮ƣЧŵġ̫Ҳǲضá
ֻҶо󡿺߽͡󡿶꣬ԽѾﵽ⼰ڣȫԽʵĵزѹĽ󼴱ҲǺ󷨡
ۼԷĽҶͻȻӮ˼ͷϵķУһͷں㷢ɢҶз𵲸񣬽иʵ޻Ѵ׾Ľ

һ죬Ҷѹǲŵı£һöһ֮µסİѴӲͬı
Ůֻһ𣬱ײʯһ㣬ܶҡֺкžò
Ī֮£δüУҶзת߬УͬʱʳָĴָ֮£׼ٿȻ
ˡһǸ곤ѹŮӵʱȣֱϰգ
֮δڣҶ£ˡŷ
İѱڰУѩӳ֮ԣϹѹŮǵ۾
ӵʱɵڵǣܵŮҲȻǰСʿʮͣڵ޼ô书Ȼ˵˵ġÿ
Ͷ֮䣬ĸʦ㣬ʦĽ󣬾ȻӲ¶ԷļС
Ҷպѹǵĺڰײ棬Ƿǲ֡ΪԷأʱԷ񣬲ʹˡָͨŹǻҩʦľѧҶ죬ʹǷͬСɡ
ҶһУİѳʱУַſѾЩľȻӮ˼»ɡ
Ҷһ˦İѳһǰʯ֮ϣֻˬʵЦλʦˣΪ˽ɽֶȲǿһЩǺ²ҪҪ˽ԭίĪҪԲźã
˵͵һ֣ǿİѳͬ붹һ㣬˲価û֮£ֱ｣Ϊֹ
ŮٴκȻ
һ֮ҲȻܹİѳͬʱ棬Ѿõ˳뻯ĵز
ҶȻһЦתߣ·Ӯ˼ߣеķ˶ԷǸȻˣлλʦˣⷢĺܺã
˵꣬ȻԵõŸ߷ȥ
ŮҪٶȴеһŮס˵λʦסɣǰŵӵפأҵȼȻֹԷɽǵ㵽Ϊֹˣʣµ£㽻ʦȥɡ
ҶƮ촫˶лλʦָˡ˼ˣСܶȻλ
ĩβҶӰʧӰ١
Ӯ˼곤ʦǰʵ˷ʦ㣬ô죿
Ϊ˷ĳ˫ƺʲţӷ书ǿѹ֮ҹгٽ֮£벻񽭺ϾȻ˸ǿĶˣ֮ᣬ䶨ǷƮҡ˼һȻŷǸʹȰֵ飬ǲòΪ֮ˣ


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һҡϣһ߶飬һ߳Ůݹѡ
֮£šڵأʪ͸ŻѪȴȻҶֺֻϷ䡣
ѣͻȻ鱾һϣʵΣ
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Ŷһ֡Щӡص鱨ô
ԱȺվһʮԴȸݴʱµıἰɵĵӣ˵ʱɱǲٵġħǽġʮޡҲмС֮ΪʥŲþҪʱ̣ҷŻ˶ԼɵΧˣ˵˱ƹΪһġʹһԱǰʥءѹԷӦǽ񣬰ȫݹԷӦѾкڵΪҹг֮򲻿Ӯ˹롣
˵֮òǿ㣬˫ͫһ֪ǻ۹֮ʿڱ˵ҶĹϢǸǿǵ˲šֻ˵֮ʱԡšֱ֮ģ㿴ʵǿЩħͳ
ڵµĹɫ죬ʱԵ²ܣǴ֮·Էռ˵ˣֻҪˣȻܹȡͷ
ϵǺһЦȻ˵ˣˣĪҪŭ֪һѣʲôµΪֹֻ̽һ˵ǳѣҪɱ
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һ̧ͷȻҶͷҵǰѧԺĵ֡
ڿ˵ԼԺӣ벻ȴħŵ
ħ׻ȸ䣬ΪħмǸɣɣصΟߣȴǼ֪ݡ
ճ֮ˣȻħе롣
ᣬݣĲɷ书ƽƽ֢ˣ
΢˼Ա߸ղųԵ¶ĵı飬ǰȰοҪαΪ·֮˶ģݵ鱨жϣҶ˳糵ʥŴҵӰޣʦǸͷĳ飬˼һҲԲẳʥļƻġ
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ʵԼã
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̾Ϣһԭֻк棬ǾǷˣǰȥ̽һû뵽ҶʵȻﵽܹڸֵĵزίʵ˴һ֮Ůʮ㲽ѧţ֮£ҲԵȻɫడ
һ붼һ
ȻӼ޵ļţڽ˺һۺ֮̾˰һ𣬸ӡģȻǷҺҶʵ˲òǸ߿һۡ
ǶʮͷΪλֱɵõ˵ͷ
ɻҡ֮ڣ˵ʥרעڰƣ޹֮ܳʱǰкŶ㲻Щ֮ҽεĻպ裬ҽαϼˡ
һԵȻƻʥŵļƻĪǲ˾ǰǲ
ǧҪæֹ˿ԣǣһЩڰļȨעĲףɽǻƹǣ֮¾Ͳ׷֣׷ȥʥżƻʵʩаһ룬˵Զ֣¾ͽˡʱֻҶĪ֣
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ңЦ˵ģϳ֮ұ㽫ǵעɺˡǱߵ飬㹻Ƿĵˡ

ֵľͷǺլһլԺѪȾ졣
ׯĺϰһʮڣɱլԺ֮ڡ
ɱּݣżе涼ûһɱߣ׳ˣֳֻʬϵ֪Щ˶ϵĺ֡
֮⣬˾ɱײǣԱߺͶŵ˼ңҲɱøɸɾ֮ͷϡ
ΧȺָָ㣬ȴûһ˸ҽС
ǲҶأɽĲϰҪľԴĺϰϳ˳ɵĲҶչ⡣
ϰǵصʵȴǶɹפڴ˵һ£Ϊ˾书ף߻һλ켶ĸֱţʱλֺͺϰԼõҶ棬һǺ«ֱӶҶ֮¡
ѪδɺԣӶ˵ʬϲͣصڵµ̴ľϣһƬճɫȾϲŵһС
С״µġԵһޣѪɫּ֡Ե
ѩ׵ǽϣѪдһѪܵĴ֣
Ե£Ȯ
£˰Ե
վ֮ǰɫ粻
벻ô㶯ˣһ֣
һãһ۱㿴ϲŵġԵһʱüͷ
̾һ˵֡µ찡ҪһУͽ͡
һͷͻȻ̧ͷ˵¾Բɽǵģ
ָָϵġԵĬ˼ѾΪԡ
Ǽᶨ˵Ե£ȮȷǼҸ·񣬵ɽǼٲ̣Ҳ䣬⺫ǶɹȵɱȫҲûʲô˵ġüͷһ壬ʱ˼֣һҧ촽Ǽ˵˵ģҪɽ£ŶɹֱΪʾɽԵ³ɻ䱻˷֣ԶǲΧסҲһͬɱɾġ
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ѣҲüͷ塣
˵ûдɽ޼ɣɱҲͰˣΪʲôΧͨ˼Ҷһͬɱ˿ʲôÿĶ
Ͳ֮˶־֣ʲô֪أ
۾һǶ֮˲ɽǵˣݺɽǣڵ֮Ĵս
뵽˴ǰһѽԵ
ǰ˵ǰѡԵȻǼٵġɽǾΪΪڵԾߣٰһֹĻء㿴ϵǿźɫӣʵǿתģԱɡ
ܵʱ򣬷Ĵָ밴ϵɫԭ糺˰ɫȴԭᶨѡԵǼð㵵˵
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һʱ֣
ԼǸʮɵϣҲǸΪǵıȻ˼ⳡҾ粻ɽΪ֮˵棬ԼһƣǶˣ
ͬʱҲڲͣԼϲеߣҸ˲̣᲻ңҵ滹ΪɽǱ⣬Ұɽʵ᲻ǹѣ
һԵķȴгһƬһϸϸؽԵ
УԲΪԼһΪ룬Ϊļ仰ı㣬ΪжϾԼжϡ
ȷּ󶼱֮˾ɽǣеɻȻδΪʲôҪɱͨڣ
ɽڽϵ¼òʤö٣ûһйɱƽ飬ΪʲôһҪأ
벻ͨʹ϶ֱɽǵˡ

ƿյ𣬷ҺȻתͷ۽У¥ǸԼͯԺ֮С
˫ֻǻһۣԷ޶һ㣬ֱãǽϵĴ֮󣬰һߣɽǣߺߣøðԵ磡ɽã˴ɽү
Ƶ湫ӣȴǴľˣ
һ㶣ɵҡͷЦʱ˵ҲûԷа壬ʱȴǰͻȻһ
ͯǸĽͯŶһĶȻ˵Σգλذɣ
ԴǷŷһ㡣
ҲСһʶ˵ͷһЩʧһ߳Ժ䡣
Ժ䣬ҷתЩǷϵ˵ǲɽģȥֶһʱ֪ҡҾɽΪҲûйϵֺαؿգ
仰һڣ͵ؾѣ㶵ضŷң˵ô˵ǲɽΪ㶼˶ඣ
ҲɵȻʧЦȷص˵ͷ
ʱø˼Ѫһ˷˵Ҿ˵Ǵˣҵ۹Ȼ
ŻͷݺݵصԺһۣ˵ղžȻô˸˳ǲޣҪҪ²Ҫ˺ÿ

ĺɽѪ
ʱ˻ƻʱ֣ɽּҰɪƽɽҰʱڻƻ£ȾһƬơ
Ȼֻм⸽һͨڶΪη;
ԭɽҰ֮⣬һСһףסţƽʱԸǩԣҲǸڣ֮ǰһȺǿͽռף˰ʮӾ͸˳
Ⱥǿͽ޼ɣİոЫģ
ҺʱͳׯԺǰ
ʰϣߵҰǰȻһ䣡
š֨ѽһ£Ӧ򿪣¾װɽǵվڣɫ԰ˡ
һˣӭС١
ˣһֵ·
ɫװתȥС֮ǹһƬҰѾһƬڣ˸ȼһյֽƹԣ飬Ʈǰȥ
߹ԺӣǰһŴ򿪣ɫװƵӭҡ
źһȣĵ߸ºӡ
߸ºӶռ£ͼϷˣھ㶼˫۷ףԹȥҲ֪ѱʱˡ
ڣһЦǰС
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ѰźϴӵӣȻߵķҲ֪ݣȻԼһԡ
ĿһתڷϣȻʵ⸽ֵܶϽģ
ֵ̿¹ܽ޷˴С㡭
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ٴЦʵɽ·ġԵյûУ
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ڶʮ
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лС㣡벻λ˵еĴСԭѾŵЩѵ壬ʱһ˿ϲ֮£վӣ
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ҲشȻô˵ˣǱôɡεĳͷҼˣվɡŶҲɣ
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󼸺ϲæٴιڵأͷллСĲɱ֮лСĲɱ֮
Ƴһۣȥ˵վɣ
ʱǱߵ߸´Ҳ˾ίٲһʱվҲңңؿͷл˲ɱ֮


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ڣһ۾ıδԽڶڵϡ
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ǣ
Ҽ֮ǰ´ɣʹ˸ɫѯʽ顣
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ڵ۾ȥˡ⥡ҵϣҸæԽڶ˵С㣬µΪǴǶɹȷֶ棬ϷûҲֵġҺǱиǹֵͮҲʵף뷶ֶһӮİգ̸أ
ԭӡҲһԵͷͬ⡣
һҽһɫʵ֪ǷǼҸر˶ֵأ
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£ӵܣٽͯӵȥŪĵϸסĪݾߣ䲻Ҫ֡
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ҪעҲǸ꣬Ȼ֪겢ɱҵ֣Էɽǳ˶⣬ǰ̽Էû֮⣬Ȼŭδĳͽ䡣

Ҷϼת䣬ƹһ޴ʯ֮ǰȻʣһ޴ľֺبԼǰ
֮ںѼµľѹŹɽ֮׾룬ΪҪ
ұһ£ƽʯϣдššѪĴ֡
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һɽ紵֮дһ죬Ҷһɵڡʥءеľءš
ʱĳڲ࣬ΪɼԵøӰȫࡣ
ǰѹţѵĵȫжͨô̫˼ˡ
ҶĿۼһ·ҵĵط֮һΡΡŶɽ塣
Ҷ۲Ƭ̣ȷֻһͨɽ塣
̾һҶȻƮ֮ϣһȴǲȥ
ԭ֮ΪºͺĴڣ˱һڱʹ쳣⻬ɽŰĿ磬вֵΣա
Ҳѹǿŵġ
ŲţҲҲ취ɽҶֻҧע첽ȥ
ҶṦʵȻٻ£ȻȻЩţԶԽƽһŶɽȥһɽ·ɣҶø˼Ȥζ˫ͬһƾɶȻʵǰۡ
ֻҶδȴʱˡ
ԭҶɳ۶֮·ʱɽ崦ͻȻһ죬Ӧϣ
Ҷʱڼۣȴ͵һգʧȥӣٿȻ׹䡣
Ҷڴ˹ؼʱ̣͵ʩչݺס񹦣ץס׹͵һ˦ԭ׹һˣʱʮ׸߶ȡ
ҶʧһԾ𣬽ŵڶߵһȣƷƽʮ׾룬ӯƮ˶ɽͷ֮ϡ
Ħڭ޹ϸܣȴûзκһ˵ټ
عϸԭһ˵Ľͷø˿˰˷ֻ֣¼Сһһ𣬼ܿסɽ粻ϣҶ̵֮ʱڶѡ
ȻԤıضԸԼ
Ҷ˼
ԷΪֹԼɽڿΪҪɱԼġ
Ҷһġǧϻǰȥ
һʯţǰ΢һ¥֮ǰʱñΪţ¥ĻиԾѹŮӣͬӢˬֳ
ȺŮԶԶŵѹӣΪձ鲽ˡԪкڣΪҪǣЩŮӸͶǲʮʮ꣬ȻȺŮѹŵľӢӣʹﵽ˵Ⱦ磬δǰ;
Ҷʮ˳ƣÿһ飬¡ķ󡿣ʮ˷ֳ飬沼һġķ󡿡
벻⡾ķ󡿾ȻܹӣһԴ˽ΪԹɰǧ˵ľͽȻͬ졣
̹ķ󡿵Ҷһݣ°ԭĽѾϬˣԼҲǿžṦۺǿ󣬶ʱԷȻ齣ͬʱչ໥֮иิӵı仯ȻӦԡභЩѲ
²д󣬾֮С
ʱɫʮŮˢˢһͬ뻮һһˣɼԷڽ
ʮüĿ续ףĲʮͷСҲʮ꣬㶼Ŀ˪÷ѩ
ҶһЩѹδֽӮҲʣպǵѹӣòʧǼɽѩҪαظЩ˺뵽˴ҶһΣԭ͵ȥ˲ԶʮŮ֮ľ룬бһ壬źɽٱȥ
ʮŮӼһﲻͻȻԶԶ࣬⣬Ȼֻһ£齣תҶı׷ȥ
ƣעҶı·Ǽ׷Ҷ
ҶǰҲʮѹӵķӦ
ʱɽΪ᫣ʱͱ֮ǰвһӣϦ£ɽȻ谵
Ҷĵ˴ҵƲ죬ЩѹĵǾô׺Լ֪ԷʲôƻҲǰʲôõȴԼɲ뵽˴ҶǷŲС
ŲһŻԶԶ׺ʮѹڸڰ׿٣룬ȲҲȥô
һƿ֣ɽԶɽѾңңһǰɽʯȺڵĺϢ֮΢ˣҶǿѲ
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ǰǸԲƺȺɽɽأˮӳ£ǰվѹӣԲƺУǶʮҵĵԪ۷ĵӰȻһڵŮվǰǵɮִ˸ҫۡ
ҶϸԭǰʮӶһ飬ķ󡿣ʵǷͬСɡ
ҶٿȻĸķٸϣ䱳ƣ赲סҶ·ǰչǰһŸķ˲һƬ
顾ķ󡿣һʮ˸һվ䡣
齣󣬸վλˣΪǡϣһ仨겻ͣš
Ҷľ󷨾Բǡķ󡿣ѾʼαԭȶʤľȻЩ΢΢ܴ졣ǡķֻ״δŹĽĻѹĴӦþǰŶԣ
Ҷ֣»ǰ
ֻһ˴鴽ڣʮѹŮٿɢǰ󷨱ãѽҶΧм䡣˳ָأĿҶĬ
Ҷһת˵³ɽͷˣҶĳк񱨣λ衣
һòżɷŮӽȵĪҪΪ书˵ã˲֪ôΪ֮ˣо졣ƶ˳ԵһԷȰԹɫˣʮ꺮֮Ī̷һ
ѹزʶ޹ڣºοƭɽŵɽʱɽպز˵ͳһһ䣬ԼУǳȰ档
ҶǺǺЦȵ˵δƭѩ鷢Ҷĳ̹ѩԵжĪףֺαؿ赲ʲôŮɫһŲ֪뾲ʦ̫÷ѩһб
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Ů˳Ȼһǳ⣬˵ųڿһӣ磬Ȼòʾ伫ΪǿΪ
λŮӸӳʮʱһ󼲷磬һƬ
¼Ȼ̣ɽһѹشġʮƷ󡿵ɡ
Ҷ̾һͥŲһ㲽뽣ģȻˡаɣ

ҹɽǵʮеƹͨ
뿪뼸ĸںȾơô꣬ŵȵ죬ŵõȱΣһֵø˵顣
ȴȻȵȥԶԸ˵¡ջ죬ŷԸ׼һƲˡ
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˷ףһǰϴ˴ֶ档
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δ꣬¡һƬƬѣᵱŶ
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ڴӱһѺ񱳵ֻϧõֵĄxǣĽѴüġ
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ɽǵˣҲ̵ǻңʱ
ͯͯѵ⣬ȻᣬҲΪӴܵɽǵӱȺ󿳵ˡ
ὣ¸飬նвƵģϮѩ׵ѾѪ
Ѫ紺ʢţɽǵˣȴĿģ

ðķˮľͰľͰУֻǰδе
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ٽ̺ͯһԣȴѪ
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һɳͬסӵŶôɣʡǷһֽˡʲôģ
ɽˣɽᡭ
ʿǺǣӰһһͷңµĺ˳ֵ֮У⻹ȤϢȥǺڰȥҧˣߺߣЩʱһϲЩء
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ǰҶüͷȻ㣬ʮ˹Ȼްᵽһ֮µġ޺ԵùӾٱ
ǡ޺󡿱ϾϰĹϸͬԳֳԵЩӲǰʮѹ֣ȫϰͬһŹ۳ĽӾȻдµս񣬵ȴԵ֣ʺϡٵֶĸ֡
Ҷа룺⡾ʮƷȻƣ˵ҪңȴҲδءڶ࣬󣬵˹ߵͲβ룬תһǵ˵
ʱȺеŮ˳ȵ¿аɣѹ˳ֿȭ֮ˡ
ҶʧһЦͬʱһɰ𣬸ȵԸǺñ˵棬б±°νԿˣ
Ҷһ仰ǵŮӴŭû˿ѹ
ΪŮ˵ǺǿŮӣǶǿŮĹ⼤һҶƲǣжǶʱŭڣʮʱᣬҶŭ
ҶҪŭֽ֣ɹԽ࣬Խ׳һ˵ĴӰ쵽ı
ۼͬŵĽɨҶ貨΢չͻȻһתλܿǰâͬʱʹһСơһһ͵бƳȥ
ˣ
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⡾ʮƷ󡿵ԭĵһġķ󡿣ƫƫڲ⡾ʮƷ֮󣬾ͱ˾һ飬ӦУÿһͷߣڵִ졣
ͷӼԲʮͲ죬Ѿ¼еˣĵӣһû뵽ʱȴһ³ĸֻǵĵλ÷ѩ࣬ѹλǰ״ˡ
ʱҶһƹ࣬ͷŮһȣڣľӣ֣űһͬʱƣӭҶƺһƣϾ֮һС
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һ˳Ů᷽һȣʱԲת׷׽ʱҶǵѸٷˣܿзɱС
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ôһ˲䣬һطʱ˸Сһ֮УҶǰϻһӡ
ѹŮӵʱߺȡʤһ㡣
ҶɵһЩŮǾ츳ǿδδôĹܻҶһ·嶼û˵ʲôֵø˵ģ
ҶǼΪأصʮŮӣ˫ôȥָ˭Ⱥĸʧء
Ҷȫģʤ֡
Цӵġǧϻﻹ鲹ġǶܡأǿǴӡʥءĺ⡣
ҶſԺԷȴôɣΪʱ䱦ݲ˷̫ʱ䡣
뵽˴Ҷа̾һ˵Ҫ书ȡʤˡ
Ҳã书ҲǲãΣ
뵽˴ҶͬȵȻһͣʱɱ޾ɫ˷쳣һȣ͵һ٣ͬһ㣬һֺɽظУͬʱ˫ǰһ籧Ԫ͵ǰһơ
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ХһɾȻǿҶ˫ƼųҲ෽
Ůȣ֮ͬǰķһ˺һĸ㣬ҪҶһػδϵҶһƾǰδеۻ룬͵һнͷŮŭþͬʱþȫ˻֪Ҷһ֮󣬳һ֮󣬵µһ
ѹӸոȫǰƣסһƣϴʱͻȻֲһɴǰǣ㲻ɼһȻˤȻʱԾ𣬵޲쳣
ѹ˵ȶͬʱһ벻ҶһǰһֵƣȻ˲ͬȻһ̨ףǿ˺Ȼ
˳Ůһ֮ͽͬˤǱתһʱɵľޱȣХһལѸپԮصһһֳֽһȻǿʮҲ˫ƶʮ˵ĺ
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˫ٴ۹ӭŶԷĽ׼ٴγ
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⡾ʮơ˵ѧе۷裬޼᲻ݡ޹̲ơޣÿһо߾
似֮ƣޣȻŸ˾ۺĲͬҲ仯ʲô似һг֣ͻĹȫ
ܹһ֮Ĺ似㹻ǿ似һԳ似
Ҷʮʱ䣬֪ߣһ⺮վݡԼġʮơѡ
֮⣬û似һ㡣
ҶҼʶ쾳ڳ֣ʶһ⺮վݡ
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뵽ˡʮơþԼԴ뿪ʥء֮ǰáʯѧ˵Σ˽Ʒĸ
ҲҶΪǿ似֮һ
һΣҶŸѧʱˣ
ʮһ˷ҶǿĽֱţԿκһ龳µĸַ
ҶⳡΣ֣ɫʮ̵ǰϣɫĻ֮ʱҶԭʵ˫ƣ͵Ƴͬʱһʮơ

һɫҶ˫ƼƳ˲ת˲֮䣬ѣ֮Ҷ˸ʵʵ
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Ҷ˫β͵һ٣ʮոһɳŮ͵׹䣬澢ĳԽȺѹȫĹͷ飡

ѹڶŵӾ츳һȣ۽һȣԸ߰һȣ⵨ȴûʲô̫ı仯էȻ֮͵׹䣬ʱҪɿս֣֮ȴѾͨ۲һɹ͸ݵĴ⺸֮ͭУþȫѾȻҲ˿
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ʮѹڴʱͬʱ׹ڵأΪҶɢȥЩŮǳˤûͷûһ˿һ˺ֻĴˡһʱòˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦѹӾĿУһɽ塪
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ţ˫˲ɵţһСʵ㣬㡭ô֪ģ
ӣ˵ɵĺܣ²΢ʹһЩҲ飬ţϻմζȻĵزùȻӲѷĳıӣǹζǵصĴ󽭽ǿƵңҲ΢ζţڵȡֲ֣³ˣǴ͵㶫֮⣬ֺαؽͿأ


065 ׷Ԫ
ȴáҶţٴʧ벻ǰĵʿоȻ˵ľţΪһֱԼ߿̽ء
ȵţͣƭң
ţͿͨһڵأǸȻشСĻ²ƭС㣬ֻǴСվãֵС㰲Σ˴εõСϢԸζҪСȥ·š
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һɫٿȻһȵţ֪ͣ˶ôҪϢô
תͷŷ˵Ѿ鵽ðɽɱɹһЩ˵Ϣˡ
ţʹС㲻õģ³Ȼ֪½ӵСͬʱһ߾ѾǲԻ׷£ʱϢԻող鵽鱨Ի֮ܣܲɽǵݣá
ţͿеԻҲ֪ˣʢ˳ơצӢǸ׷ٲ̽ĸ֡
ֻʱչһѣλԻͲ̽˵з˿ʵ塣
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һۣǵͷͬ⣬Ͼһˣһ

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Ҷʰϣ߶˵һɲ֮С
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صλȴǸ۲۵ãŹͷŷñοݰСȥήҲ񣬵ȴҶһ̩ɽ޷ֺĸо
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һָ߶ȵ֮У֪ԷԻԼԲԼ
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ҲһʣҪתһ룬ͷ÷ѩȻ֪ţˡ
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ʦ̫ٺһЦ˵ղҲˣǡʮΪʮӹ޴ʹŽ޷أԾҪʵ֡ʮ󡿵ˡ
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ãúáҴӦ㣡Ҷ˵仰һ˵УȸոһнʮŮҪۡ
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066 
ԿջһջӪ¥ӿ
ţʹͷŷҺûλֱƹǰţһһϿ̡ĽƹǰһΣһ
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ӦһţæʵԻڣڵˣ
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ֻ쾳ϵĵӣڲԼķȨ
ˣҶѹĵӣЩ˲죬ɾһЩЩǸߵһԪǿӡ
Ҷܹһ㣬ֻǷֲ˲죬ôЩɾѹ֮ᶨĽߡǵʵڵĻȨɿ԰ʦ̫˷ǸѹǸѹеӰ͡
עѹЩߵĳǣǱſЦ鿴µģУʦϺͿˣǸˣѹڽȡĽݾѹҶɽ̵̫ˣЩѾ޷ɴ֮ġޡͳǾԼǿ֮󣬾Ҫڽģһ㣬Ů˸ûκεĲͬʦ̫ıأɳǲ뽭İʯ
ѹѾдţи߲Ԫϳʩѹʦ̫ѹ£ѹڸ߲棬Ҳ˲Ѻۡ
˷Ǹ󣬷Ծʦ̫뷨Ѿڲ˵ĵ׿ʼѿˣǸʹߵĵȷþʦ̫һߡ
Ҷĵȴþʦ̫ھУҵһŤתƵĳڡ
ҶãѾǹϵѹδʵѹպɱѺͬ˹ϵǱǸ̲ΪЩŮȨǰ䡣
ʦ̫˵ҶСѣֶѾɵȫϵһ𣬿ô˵ԽɹѹδԽǹ
Ҷ˵ͷаȥ̧֮ʱ÷ѩˮĿڻͬʱҲųᶨݵĿһ
ʦ̫ģ£ͿҲҪáмϣʦ̫ܹӦ¡
Ŷ뽲
ҶٺһЦ˵ҴӦʦ̫Ūһ콣ѡȴҪЩźͷǸ˵ĳϣǵĵһҪ
ʦ̫ɵЦ˼֮࣬ͲЩ˵Сۣ
ҶȻЦǾСǾ̫ˣù͡ʵǵķѾȴǲһģǲʵôҿЩϾҪͻĵӣֻЩһĵĵӣϾٺ٣֮ҲԴ
ʦ̫𾪵ؿҶһۣ벻˳ҶɽܹڱϵȻǸˡ
ȻˣǡƶͷѷİɡѩкʵҲṩڸƽеԽԽˣ
ҶЦǵȻˣǧ磬Ƕͷ׵ģЩŮɽϣӾˣ϶˲껪ġûдֻǵǸѣٺ٣ѹǧɣʮߣȥǸĴ֣̫û˰ɡ
Ҷ˵꣬ʦ̫ȻʧЦųƴͷͬ
ЩŮһӶɽϣȷһЩ
ʦ̫̾˿˵ȻˣǱƶʱ䣬֮ǵɽ
ϣ
Ҷ̾һԼһѹУ벻մʮСŮһͬɽҪڽһ⣬֪öôɷء

紵֦Ҷƫƣе
֦ҶУ˫һ·˽ҽֻ࣬ûɽǵڵʱŻڷҵ
ţ֪͡ɡ䣬ԼʮɽǺֽں档
Ӣ·ÿ°ǣڻˡ
֪Զͽ
֣ͻȻ˵ͬʱٿȻ
һͣŲҲһ٣ɻؿҡ
ʱҶţҲ̽ͷǰӣֵȷ֣ôζûˣ
૵صһ֡˵곤ʣǰͬʱͷ˵ȹȥһӦ
صҸȥƲң
ε˵ͷ
ţ͵һæԵСȥģǾȥģȻȥǵó¹ඣ
۵ţ͹ŲӲá
ǷѾ˹ȥžҪϣԵţ͵˴粽룬ˣˣǸźˡǼǵãҪǷңݹֱﵶ顭˵һεı顣
һתȥţ͵ȴһЦ⡣С㿴Ƣ󣬵Ըȴǹŵȳĺܣϲ
˫һ֣ڷҵǰȥ˿ٽΧ˵УڶɽǺΧȦΧ䱸͵Ϯ
֪ɡһۣһһϣӵ˫䣬ৡӲǶӲƬ
ڵȻǿһˡ
ұ࣬Ŀһתڲϵ˫צ۾һδ˵ϵţͬԱУѿһԵ˫צ
ٿȻͷ
֪ɳǰȥ˫צȡ£תԾأȻԻı
ȷˡüԻԷצԼԲġ
ĬͷһӰ
Ա˼һ̯Ѫע⣡
̲ѪˮȻδ͸紵ɢһĶ
һӣ߹ȥҪȥ̯Ѫˮȴһץס󣬳Ҫж˵ϸؼ
˵Ҳһͬ˹һ䱸Ķ̯Ѫˮ
С㡭֪߹㿴ǡ
¶ݵı飬ŷѾµʲô
ҳ¾ãԻѾѳְ
ţŭСӷƨⲻܣôɱԣ˵ˣʬڣ
Һţ͵ʧ̬³ҲһʱԽܣĿһ䣬˵̲Ѫˮֻ¡
̲ѪˮĪǾĻ֪ɡ˲ɵĿࡣ
һ䡣
ҵ˵ͷ˵֪һֶˮԽ˵ʬ廯ΪѪˮһ˿ۼԭķӡֻʦܱš
֪ҶǸҩֽۣʬۡЧҲǽʬ廯ΪѪˮԺԥ˵˳Ϊ¸Сʦ޹أСʦпܻư
˵ʲôţͻȻŭһѾסҵĲӣʦ֣ܶ
һţͶ֣æǰΧ
õ˵ţ㲻ҪСʦҶڻҶɽأֶܳԸԻ˵ꡣ
νؽ۵½ƽ˵Сʦܾ֣˵޷ԩ޳𣬾ԻǱ֤µСʦЩ֮Žⲻ𣬾ԲΪŰġ
Ҽ仰˵꣬ǱţҲѾƽŭ֪ԼЩ³çȭ񣬱ʾǸ⡣ɫȻضѪˮ֮ԣ߬һצһԣᡣ
мȰûڣͬʱҲĲѣӢ׷ģΪһȴӢ
ǿŲԼ޳
ʵǲ֪˭ֱɱԻأԻ书߾˵ṦҲǸ߾ϼ˽ܣֳܡ
ҡҡͷʾ֪
ʱһԵĿ˲ԶһƤϣ˵ȫҶһƬʱƤԵЩۡ˹ȥۣ̾Ϣ˵λ´ž⼸׺֮ڡ
ȻΧϣһƤϵּ
ŤŤƤϵȻԱϣ
֪Щɻʵʲô˼˭óʲô˼ô
Ҳ֪ʲô˼ü֪һꡯ֡
꣬ʲô˼졣
һ紵ش㴵ϡ
ָеãȻ
꣡ͬһֳɽǵһλţ͵ĿУ̬ȴȫ

ӰһţѾվԣϵδãһ֪еƤİ׺ۣƤͱɫҶƤָֻǾҵز
ţ漴̾һ벻ȻûûӦҲѹԻˡ
˲ɵô档
Ҳ̲ס׷ʵţꡯʲôˣ
ǰڵ桪ڤˡţ͵ɫЩѿ
ڤ
ŷҲֵܱ
ڤʲôУֻЩԡ
ڤǲǼڵͳһĺڵôôǣǵӲǱǸ׿ɱôǲͱǸô֪Щʵ
ţ͵ڤĴмΪϣȺ书ǿһܹƥУΪǶԳ䷲õģѲ书ô򵥡
ģЩɻ
ţһЦȻǣʲô飬һͻʵοô꣡
һ٣ֵȡڤΪ˼ǵļӦǵͳΡڤΪϣԳơ׵סԡ䡯롯׵罣ǹ֡ݺὭȴԵΨڤ֮Ǵӡ
ڤ֮һˣ
ţͳ˵ڤ֮ڤ书˵ڷ硢ꡢס硢֮ϣ֮⣬պҹŮӡ׿һɱڤ֮ӵӣű˰׵ڤһսڤ󻤷Ҳ׿ɱɢʮ겻֪ȥ벻쾹Ȼس˿̾
ȻڤΪʲôǳɽҷǸ鷳ȴɽΪУ׷ʡ
ţ̾ϢڤܣʮǰǻлᷭسģҪٴڵϧҪڽţҪмǵʱѡһ˴򵹣ںڵǵȷ׼ȫϧѡȴѡˡ
׷ʵѡ˭
ţɭȻһЦȺ쵰Ȼѡ˳Ķ֣
˵ҵ
ţĿⱩʢ̫޴ˣʱȷûյĵλʱҲʱΪԼӿȡʤǱһ룬ӵСһ֮Ǳ伣һĸֶ׷ɱʮֱ꣬ȫҲǵټŰݡ


069 Ե
ţ˵ڵڤĹвɵñóġ
벻ԭΪʧĺڵɣֳҽֶΪ壬һֱɽǵһ
ڲ飿ôȫ֪뵽ɽ׷ɱԷʮ꣬Ȼδڤնɱ΢¶á
˵ʮ֮ǰǱѾ׷ˣֻ֮й£ҲûȥִСţ̾һһʧʮɣ˭Ҳᵭġ
ܲͬ⡣
ţͽӵ롯һεĳֻּ֣ıڤˣѴˡ
֪ʵôӦôźã
еĿⶼţ͵ϣţ͹˹ԴƤеע˽ɹ֮ϣΪʱǾúáλ
֪ɵͷͬţľҵ˼Ҳǽ˼жᡣ
Цѵ¾ʹ𣿡
֪æ͵ȻǣΪԷֻΪɽ붴ɹ֮䶯֣ڳҲ㣬ںûͻڤ֮Իûͻ˼ϧׯȫɱڣҲǵĳѨڣʹҪȡжҲ֪Ӻδ֡µ˼ǣȲҪ˵ȴ֮⣬ҪǲԷٲźá
ԣţ͸ŴԿǵ˳һۣĨһѺˮŵĿǰҪģӦ֪ͨطֶ棬ҪһСĽ䱸һ氵е顮ڤڣǼȻӦþܹҵһЩ
ҵ֮أ
ܷ׷鵽ڤһټ𣡡
Ĭȥ
һġꡱ׽צӢΪһ̲ѪˮȻȻ㣬Ҳõ⡰ڤ֮˵̶ȡ
˼ԣɵöһ
Ҵʱڵ鷳λϢʱܷҼСʦܵʱҲţ˵ݳǻϡ
ţˬشӦ
ȴ۾һɻض侲ķҡ
˵ҵСʦҶ˽ĳЩμǰĪҪϸ̽һ
ѯʵ磬ǡ
ҿһЦ˵ǵȻȥݻˡڴ֮ǰǷҵ˵ء

һʱ֮󣬰ʮֻӴɽǵĶ֮ڷɳ
ᡰžž죬һĽųⳤա
ɽԶֱʧʮŴɽǵ̳ڱ
ǶɽǵʹǾϸѵڵ顢ռϢ̽ӡ
ɽ˵ڤвĿǰȻڡɹȡ֮󣬲ҲӳԶڤΣҪһЩЩʹĳѿԿóǶԡڤӡ
֮ǰɽǵȷҲ˲ȡκιж
ҲΪûܹеôشΡ
ʹϸطֶһεʮʮǰȣȻͲܹᲢۡ
ҲȻףȴֻһֱսжѡ
ڸÿڷֶ֮ڣҲѾӵϢȻɭ

Ҷڿ뿪ѹˡ
իˣݺݺࡢߴߴĹȥؾҶѵҲǼΪĲˬ
ģڱǿ׵Ŀռ䶼ûˣҲ̫ˡ
ҶڣǸ÷ѩͨԡ׽÷ѩͣľɶļͻָտɴ
ʱҲ󲿷ֶڼ鱻ʦ̫ѡӵųЭÿ˵ľ;ϸؼ¼ڲᣬԱġ
ڴڼ䣬ҶҲѹֶд֪ͨɽԼعϢͬʱҲ뼸λʦִżɽһһҲҶԼһ˼
ȻԼܹ˲죬ΪʲôܸԼ˵ѰҼ֮żأȻô֮ɻѹٶȣˮԼƽһЩ֮⣬ҲϣɽĵܹеϢѹСŮȢɽҳһˣҲԼǵһˡ
Ҷһǻ˼ϼôʦֶǹѹŮ֮ʱһߵľʦ̫ҲڷһذݷͬţѰҺϸ֮⣬Ҳ뷨ȰλͬͬԼһɽ
ֻǴмʵ˵ҲȻ뾲뷨ͬͬ٣󲿷ֶǾʦ̫һǴĿʿѹͲκηСȻҲǸΪҲԸΪһ׵Ȼԡ
֮󣬵Ѿ뱸ϾҪɽ֮ʣλͬͬʦ̫һͬɽһλУһλۡ
ǶȻԷǸѹ಻ѾԲΪ˴ǸΪУǶɽһǵıѡеĵԼʧ˷ִ磻һҶ׺εºܣᱻʦ˿ء
һ׼׵һ磬˱뿪Ҷɽ
ʱҶŷѹˣɽ壬ͲǼɽڳΪεİɽڣͬջһֱ档
һɽٶȲɵԭҶɽһ죬ɽʱѾҶɽǰ
ȵҶ빫뼤սˮ̶ԵҶ뼸λѹʦ̫˵ħ˵£˶Ŀ֪
ʦֱ̫ӺȵҵȰ׵ˣħžӦþ͵ȴζԷ߶׷ϣǸұ
֪λʦ̫һȻЩëã˭Ҳҳ֮⣬ҶȻ˸ѪͷҲֻڨڨЦЦ˿Ϊơ
ʦ̫룬˵ħΪΣ϶ž޴ıǲɲ֮󣬽ϢɽţͬŽĺá
һͷͬ⡣
÷ѩҶߣ粽룬ɷˡ
ͬʱҵģСѾͷųһѳʶģ˵̽ʵֻǲҶߣ뿪
ҶȻûʶĶָųҶڽϵ裬Ѵﵽһʦ۽磬ϸָ֮£ųĽȻڶʱڴΪÿմҶõָ֮ת۱ȥͬʦõҫͬСȻһ֮£ȻΪ̾
ųӴӱ佻֮󣬱㱻֪ǵҶָ㣬λСʿɽ֮ʱ±֣ӡڶѹӵĵףȻҲ֪书Ⱥ֮ͬ£֮ǰûһǰֽ̡ʱųΪͻƿڣ˵Ȥų֮£ŮӴŵǰѯû뵽õҶΪָ㣬ڵӵը˹
ųΪ֮Ҷٳɣڶ̶̼ʱڣҶѹЩŮǵĹϵʵ˷Ծ
һգҶѹݳǡ
Ҷ˻ص˵µǼСԺӼСջеķȫסЩѹĹǴС㱻ɽûмӴ磬ߴߴָָ㣬˷ܵ۲ϡ
ʱҶ÷ѩǸżλʦ̫ۼһһĶ
ʦ̫ǸİСŮӣ˵ҲӣѵѹɽŴ󿪣Щɽ棬ֻҪرΣյĵطǵǶһȥ
кһˣܺȻλҲЩӵѹǱ㲻ܶصĹӡ
ʦ˼ǣ
նħɱѹ磡ʦ̫ȵ
ҶĨϵĺΣаλʦ̫λ𼸺һӣΪǸŲԸǺʵ룬Ǹ޶¡
ʦ̫һţλʦĪҪʦ㽻ǵɽҪӲ죬Ǳǵİȫƶ֮ĪҶСѵĽ飬һڵѧΪȣ
ƣͬʱҲĿ⼯еҶϡ
ʦ̫żֲΣԳҶѣҼʦǰºڣ֪ûأǸ廨ͷӻ
÷ѩڿڶЦ
Ҷεؿֵ˵ʦ̫ģ񡣡
ʦ̫ЦЦİɣʦãλҶСѵı£ƶҲĺء㲻ѹıɽ˶ܴɽʲôģ
÷ѩɫͨ죬ߵͷ
ʦ̫ɵһЦŭ÷ѩһۣ˵ǱϣСѾͷƬӣɽô¶ˣƨɾ뿪ʦţ
÷ѩæǸʦŹѩɣģ뿪ʦţɵʧСӾֲܹġֲˣһɱˣ˵һЦ
ҶҡͷЦڳˡ
ָҶСӺ˵˵е˱˻ԣСһɱ㣡˵ʲôƻ
ҶǸͬʱаЦڵΣȻ֮ǰԤƵһ
뵽ҵɽǵжҶֱ˵ʵһӦֵ飬Ҳһ֮룬ϣʦ̫ܹæ
ţҶԼҵ˺ϼƺõļƲһһ˵˳뾲ʦ̫æ롰彭ƽƽϢһֵĳͻ
Ҷ˵ԼҪ֮󣬾ʦ̫ɫ͵һͷиʽвͣлŷ飬вͣţк;۶ǲͣسҶʩչ֮飬Ա
ҶʱЩĪ֪Լʲô

ʦ̫΢΢һ̾Ȼ˵¡ƶһɡ˵ӯӯȻôƮȻȥЩʧı飬ȴҶ÷ѩЩ
δʦֱ̫鰡
ʦҡųҲֵģ׷ʦĺ˳ȥ
ʦ̫һ߳ţҶδعԴϱ㱻ʦ̫صһͬʱȵ֪СŪʦô
Ҷ⧲ԴѾһصģЩƵʵǸʲôΪʲôô˵
бŭҪٴȴһԵľ
˵̾һ˵еĹؽڣҶСѲ֪Ҳѹˡ
⡭ʲôôҶ۾ôģ֮ȼ
뾲һۣԵͷžʦ̫渵ʵƽ֮䣬һβΪ˵Ե
Ҷ÷ѩͬʱ󾪣æǰ˴գҪϸ
ԭ⾲ʦ̫ˣƽǹʾɣҲõļ壬֮ǰ˶ף˴СҲ÷ھʦ̫ѡΪʹǰʥء֮ʱƽԭҪȡ֮澲ǰʥأȴδӦʣƽһλʹƸΪʹͬʦ̫ǰʥأ˼ͬ
ֱ˻ع飬ԭԤĻȴΪħͻȻֵٶ׷ħŸֵʱƽһħŮ֣һ֮У֮á
˶ΪƽΨʦ̫ûһֱĬĬصѾ׼ƽ̺ҶϹ֮һ׷ƽȥ
ֻ˶ûϵǴ֮Уƽûûͬһ֮ͬеħŸҲû
ħŸ֣ǰٻȵĶȸû飬ͬʱҲǻݵ׽㡣
ھȵжʤżԵȴö˻㺣ϣ˷ޡ
ƽ֪ԼԲʦ̫ԻѾ޷԰Σŵڹϣٳȥ֮󣬻黳У˶˵ĵһŮ
Ȼֹ˼꣬ڶУʱȴΪʳʹĸӾԴΣ֮УƽΪΪ޶ԸΥԣһСӼǰѰĳڣ˾ȡ
ȻƽҵֿκӵҲ˳µڶŮ˾Ҳ漴ƽûϢڽ֮ϡ
ʱ˫ѾʣǧѰ򣬽ȴδһŮӵĶ桭
µߵ飬Ҳ˸е̾Ϣģû뵽鵽ﲢδ
ʦ̫һŭ֮£Ϊ᣻ƽ֮ѣҲΪԵħŮΪǣƽħŮҲڴʱȥŮҲһͬʧ
ƽܴΪԼȡ֮壬ӴټڽֻżΪ伸֮³ͷȡһƹƽʵ˽Щʼĩˣ֪ѡ
Ҷ˽ȥɵðԼȻĿȻһʧȥԼľδ⣬⡭
Ҷ޵òԼһ͡
ʦ̫ҶûڵӣԷ̵ôҶѣǲǹԣźܹ񫰡ЩˣģŹģûһö
Ҷһӣʦ̫˵̫ˣ˵ЩˣôͲѧѧңһգһֻһŮ˾ͺﳯĽģΪְ
÷ѩǳЦҶһۣص˵˾䡰ʶࡱ
ҶԲһѺˮԼӦĿ죬ʦ̫Ʋ⿪
ͬʱҲнп࡭
ʦ̫ǲæܷ붯ƽ˵ڿסĶҲ
ڴʱš֨ѽһ˿ʦ̫ɫݵˣ˵ӷ±ôɡȥƽ
˿ɫȻľʦ̫㶼˵


070 Ƽʻ
ҶյҵĿʱǵݳǵĵڶ졣
벻伣ʮ֮õġڤֽļ󣬰Сλʦ̫ڣ˶ͷһӰ
ԭڽڵ㼫Ϊľʦֱ̫Բ˳¶ˣΪɽǡɹȣڤǺڵҧĽκһȡʤִ
ҶƽϢɽǺͶɹ֮ķҪΪý̫ƽħԳûٵĻᣬħ֮ͼı֮һ亹ʵ̫ģΪڵִ֮ټϡݡ֮£׵ɳ֮⣬Ὥɵڸħż˵Ʒ͢һͳµ鶼ɵó
Ľһ̽á彭ƽɽǡɹȣǱڤƽʵԶǹвƽ棬ټ׵ʿѹ
֮Ҷתɽǵ˼Ϣ
һǸɽϢתȥݳǣҷһϣ
ǸҵһţȷƿûгɹƳɷĩİƷʬˮת۸ϳǵĺȻ󽫾Ϣдãͬʱ֮ʦ֣֮ͬϣʱڲҪ뿪
дһŸɢʯʱϽݳԼͨҩͬʱԾоרҵԱæԼѹӵʱɻΪǰ
һ£Ҷдʦģ˽Լ֮ͽϿܷĸֲ֮⣬ʮصἰҵᰣλļú÷һ£ЩͬʱҶеܹýˮɽæ̫࣬ıƿϣԼԴЩɣҷͷ˵ıҲǿҵˮСӣɶһΪõĴԣԼѹ
źһУʱһ˱ֱƽӵȥ
ʮǰһҲѾǸƫƧְСС
磬ϰֻŸɳС壬ɢߣĿĵضƽŹʽİ׵֮жȥ
Ҷ˱ͬʱɽ˵ϻһɽ˵壬ϼɽɽ̵ɽɽɽɽѡܳӣһѡһٶӣйֱʮԴӣ϶
ħĳλɱнϰɽĵӣ켶ĳ𣬲ܲħһٹ죬ɽûв鵽һ䣬ʱȸϢɽ˵ĳϻӲ
ѵĶ¬һżɽնħڴһս
¾ɽֶɽᣬҲյżϵġ
Ҽ֮ɽϣһ֮½򸾺ʦʯʦܺĴɽɽܳӶʮҲֱ϶ҶлһµĴ󺺺һòͬŮӵ侲һͬǰ
֮ڣʱƼʻᣡ

һĵ峿
Сڣ̲ƣƽ
һС֮ͤǰȸͬһ⣬ЩٵעǰЩ
֣һݣҲʵݣħ֮һ롣
һһҩɫɵЩһɽҡ֮У˵ȸˣôңһΪǿȸȡء
ȸٺһЦ¶һŽ׵ݣЦ㲻֪ȸܾô̫ϧˣҪϲ˹Ļҵϣһգһ׷󡣡
¶һҶŵı飬ɫһ䣬ʵôÿȸĸװģ
ħžȻ˵ѾħƵͳһȫԸֽͣħźƲ谭ħ۵нֹ˭ܱ֤ڱ󲻻ʲôСսħ۵Ȩȡ֮
⼸λħκηҪѸжϡ
ȸ̫Ѩϸ۾˵Ҳ֪ȸǼ٣֪ǣһȸ뷿еһ֮࣬ÿһ˶վŽȥųġûһڣȻǿȸζ̫أȴû֤ݱЩǷȸйʲô
˵Ȼ޷֤κ顭
ⲢЩħ۶ϡ
롱ֵ˵Ȼ֤ףǾҵˡߣھϵжڿеĺ˳ĲˣƽҲѾͣ׵ʿԽ࣬ǵ˶Խ
ڤҲǴϢɽǺͶɹ֮佣ţʱп֣ܶȵͻһƽӱȻͷ˫ɱ¾ֻмģǶ˵ϲѹ׷̸С
Ǹʱ򡭡ٺ١
ڰҪļʹսᡣ
ȤǣڰŭնٻȺʥŵϣЩһﲻ֪԰ֻҪ͸¶Ϣ㹻Щϼһɾˡȿȡ
˵˷֮ʱȴѹڵаԼ
ȸȥһ룬˵ƹȻϬҲΪ㿼ȫˡҲҪ̫ۣҪʲô飬ֻʥۻήҵȡ
벻ɵЦֻ´ҵӵô̫⡭ŶҲ⣬ϣһ꣬ʥŵǧҵаɡֻңΟ߲Ҳô
룬ħ֮һԭȴħƵеĶӡ
ȸħֻۣЦֻ¶ϲ˰ɣϾûҲ˵ҩȻѹڵ۵аȴǺʢȻӳȴԽԽˡʥŵĹ죬ķа٣ǵɵġ̫Ԫ񹦡ʥƾĴǣȻܹ֢֮
̫Ԫ񹦡ô
Ժֳ︡ҶӰ

Ҷһʮˣˮ·ʱ彭ˮ򣬰žʦָ̫㣬ϣϰΪһ֧ǰ룬ԶһɽɽһСɼˡ
ʱб׹ƾա
вκ嫣һֺգͻòʣϼⷴ䣬Ӱˮɵߣڷα֮䣬ԽԵý׳
˽֮£ĵССԴ
Ҷ÷ѩͷӭŽ磬ǰС˺÷ˬ˷ǳѩ˵Цһ󣬴ѵְ
Ҷ˵ĵƺҲе񣬵ȻҲӴ˴ĸʿ
ڴ򲴴ĿյԶһХһýݵӰٱһתŴͷ̤
Ҷüͷ壬֮ƣǰȫĹ˫֮ϣȫһ֮£ԼΦȻСֻҲǻҲһ
˲֪ôƣʮλŮڴˣвŮӾ΢ͻһֻ»ѹ˵Ĵңδ˵˼棬˫֮Ĵ٣ֻ¶֮벻
ҶһѸײڶ֮Ƶжɵðһһ÷ѩ͵һ˹䴬֮ʣ˶Ĵ徹Ȼƽغ׾룬ܿϮߵȫһ壬ϮƲģƱҪ뽭ˮ֮С
֮ۼ䴬ȴִ󴬾Ȼ˲ƽ˿ɵþһһŤһ˲ҲǺףȵ˴ͷ֮ϣƯѼҶҲɵãȫһ壬ȴҲλ⡣


071 ڤ
Ҷ̧ۿһͻ꣬Ͳʮ壬߸òڣһӢϣֻ̬΢΢Щ٬ǽݹ˵ġ
һɣɫδ¶˿ãеĺս֮ʢ˼֡
תͷҶСʿֲǼҸἰɸҶˣϣ𣬶Ҷֽ̡
ǰһϮµӢ˵Żû뵽ҶԵ÷ѩôһŤͷõؿһۣǾɫòʱϣ𾪵ĿɿڴΪˣ˵˰صĻˣôɵɵؽ÷ѩ̬
ҶԷԼŮѴľΪִ˵Ϊƣɡ
һһ˵ԼŮѣȻǸ˵ĺܣʲôġ
ֻҶ뷨һԵ÷ѩȴǼΪΪֹŵĹӸⲻԼĵ׶ģһҶ˵ҶɣͻȻ˾Щȥʦװһͬ´ˣ
Ҷɣ
ҶЦԸıһ侲÷ѩȻΪ˱ԼݣȻ˳ƺΪǰͽӱԼˡ
ҶаˬͷҲãȥɣ
÷ѩȻתȥ
Ҷϲüɫ裬ȴһеӣתʱӭıǸԳϣ꽣һ˫۾
ĽʺѾﵽʵʵľˡ
Ůˣʵ
Ҷ޿޲ɵ˵ûкμ̣
ϣͷ÷ѩȥıӰ̾ϢһʻţϣϧүһҪõŮӣҪķһֽˡ
ҶаŮϰ˰ɣʵԲذԼŪôᣬ֮ʱĽͦãҲ˳۾Ͷ£ܱȰŮҪһ㡭
ϣ۾һУүԱү˵ƨϣ˵ǰ󣬵˵ϲŮˣҶڱ֣ʲôү书֮⣬ŵǮ
٣ᣬֱӣ
ѽǣû뵽λǸ߸˧ԸȻᣬһַǳֱӵᣡ
Ҷһӣ˵ٷϻүǮҲȱҿȱ˵ʲô
ȱʲô
ȱۣ
Ҷһ䣬ϣеŭδֵϣǰһҶͻȻ֣Ѹײڶ֮ӭϣıӾһȭ
ϣ˱Ҳ˰˾ذڿƣʩ֮һ£ֳåֶΣԷǰ׵ŴɣǳˣֱԼϵһ佱һ۰Լĸ׶ӣһֱڴԡ书ϣһܹõĸ佱ϣΪԴסԼĴ屻˸ſ书֪˶ٿ࣬ͷԼŬǱȲһμСʿĸϣ̣ǰҲ磬ȴûϵȳֵĲԼǶԷ
ⱰɵֶΣҧ˸
ϣ̣ӦҲǼΪѸ٣ͬһ㣬͵ˣͬʱǿǰĻӳٶԷһȭĹνн͵ǰһƣֱӵҶµ
ֶʩչˮһ㣬ϣȻǸ棬ѧĵίʵ
ֻϧҶ
ֱȭδֺϹһתơ֮£͵һĽʡ
Ǳֱ帹Ľʵʱһ䣬ڲ˼ٿȻ·һתҶֱ棬벻ǣŶԷһһӴϣԭƶʱһ棬Ҷ˹ȥۼԷȭͷǰԼȥһ㡣
벻ֵֶ˹죬ϣȻ֮£͵һƫͷҪܿӭһȭ
ڴʱԼǰһɴϮȻУԼĻĪһǣϣȻͷȴԭҶղڽϵһת˽ڵĳϣóӽڵǿ˲Լؿڣ
һȻ޷ϣĻȴþעʹԭͨͨһǳڳ˱޿ɱܵһ
ϣһĹҶȭͷѾȻϣǰĻ֮ϣ˶ȭͷǰ仯
ҶһȭĻϣƻδɢ͵ػȭΪָ˫ָֿһжϷ飬Ӳƻֱӵϣϡ
ٿȻһڡ
һ춯صĲҽ
Ȼһ󲻿ƵƿڴƬͷϿա
ҶҲѵģͬ䣬TMDĿӣɡ޳ܡļģå
лνʵϣһ۾һְν֣Ƶǰȥ
µʼٸνʼһתʮСŮǴľע£ƮȻ´ͷ·Ůߵʱ򣬻٩˵ٺ٣ǿ߸˧ȻôĲͦõģȤĲҴһ˭
˵꣬һͬЩ͵÷ѩΦ󴬣ͷ֮ϡ
Ӱһݡһ˰̵Ĵ޳վҶ˵ǰ˪ױøӳء
ҶӹȻţҼүڴ˹ʱˡ
ҶһԷǸаԼĽͣԷȷʵһȻԼв²Է˵ƽͬһطֱԷԼǰȷԼ²ûд
ѵ˵ǸòӾǡ彭ƽ
ҶءŶһЩɻһָڴͷϣʵλСǡ
޳һүĶӡ
ӣ
ҶľȻ˵졭
ƽĶ찡ѵСӸգƽôһҲͬ⣡
޳̾ϢҶСѣʱ˵Ц֮ʱҼүڸҶʲôʣһʱ֪м£ҪСѡ
ʲô£
ŶԷصı飬ҶͻȻеһ˿
ҶСۿʲôҪ侲Ϳƣ
Ҷ￩һ˵
ˣ

ݵĶңȻû͢Ͱ׵ɵӣɵɢȴǳɶѳƬ˴˵أвСͭϢϹ֣ͬʱԼûʲôһ
ԲһЩ书ɢֹڵ޵Ҳһͬǰ
ɣҲҪ͵ʿ
һֱɱְࡢҲǧӼݸ˹
ʱĿ꣬һλողûõĺڵǿͽ
˵ʱԷͶɽǣһɸ֣ᵽ˶ɺ
ǣ붴ɺмյˮ·
ҹδԲ
¹ҫ£ȣ֮ǰ
Žƿ͸оڽӽŲʱͣ٣˭
ңһȵӰ漴ӹƮ˷֮ڣһſ˽ȥֽϡ
ǸѾ£һ£ͷһϴĲң͸򥣬ȻǡڤǸ˵װ
ͬʱҲµһɱ֯ѪɷĳԱͬʱҲɡ󡱵һԱ
ʻ˵һɳƣİɣû˷ҡ
һôǲǷʲô飿
˵ͷȻƺӴ˩
ٿһԣϣһյڴջеĻѲҹ
ԵһᣬֱԷĽŲԶȥŻü˵Ҹ˵ٴΣ˵ƺǸϹĿڶ࣬ѱ֪ǵݡңȴ֪ݣҲͲ֪ʵ֪Щѱǲ¡ôߣڿ˵ˡ
˴ͷƬ̷˵½ӵָΪжɹ֮·˳ƺӣ빫ˡ
쳤̾һ˵㲻֪ҵƺҲȵúþˡ游˰ƲߣǧټưҵݣǸϹע⣬ΪͽΪĲǽôϹΪüƣΪ㣬ֶΣ׼ν常һҾɱٺ٣ǷѾĻþ¶ɫ˵갲Ʋ֮ʱɱ֯󲿷ֶܡ󡯵ĿƣѪɷǡ󡯵ֱ֯游Ϊܹܻɵİңݡ㣬֡ڤô
˻æ򵹣²ңµڤģڤҪɱҪУ¾޶һ˿
ãĿɼΣҡڤġ罣ȻһЦһУ˵ˣɡһҪ˵ɣ
վվ࣬νӣɽѾðǵˣɱ˶ɹµܡţɽѾܹ²˹붴ɹ֮սˡ
ŶЩ죬ǷѾ֪ǵݣ
ҡҡͷ˵εȻͻȻǻǼʱɵ㣬˿Ӧòỳɵǡڤͷϡ
ʲô
Ϣ˵ҲĴϢѾ鵽ϳǵĺ󣬲Ѿȥʼƿʬˮȥ
Ȼ򵥡
õǼ䲼Ѿƣҷ磬δǵĵϸûĸ֡
˵Ѿͻˣ
ũɭһЦҡꡯܹܻɱǵĻצӢ
ɱúãǻǲȡж
Ϊһֱڱεúãδ֪µĶ֣ĵ붴ɹȺͺ֮һս
һµҲ̫ġĿ֪ڤڱһʱҲǶ֣ΪǸǲһʮǰҸţڤ书£ȻȡʤͬˣУˡĽ͡ħۡƵУܹ˰ɡ
ἰʮǰ£Ȼ˵ʵʢԵо鲻һϣǴһɽɱˡµһȻţȻڶԵоǷȱһЩԲŻܱҡڤ书
Цһοˣˣ֪ڤ书˫ֻϧΪ游ļƻΪ˲ϹɣֻܷҴѧȥѧϰħŵʲôƨҵڻ벻졭
˵Ϲ̫СһЩǺõġϹ˼Σһ⣬˵׿ǸλȻǸܿư׵֡˲ԣ˼ʩչֶΣҡڤܹܻǼɥ
ϧû뵽ǣԭӦ׿֮˵һԼᣬȴ˰׵ɵĴΧ˵սڤ̳ܵ׵ɵΧǿɶ֮


072 ĥ
˵˴Ѿŭɶ״̬ƽϢһ˵õʱΪ׿䣬ˣ˰طҵػڲ࣬˷һϧҸڵһ֣ȫʱ±㰵ģһҪգ̳С罣ͳƺţ۸ʲôۣҲһҪɽţɱǸļҲҪŰˡ²ǻ˺ԩġڤǰˣ˺ʲô
˿˵ˣڵڤ֮Ҳ游Ҳǵ괫˵б׿ɱġӡ
ǵġӡҲǡڤδˡڤ
鵭Ȼ˵ԼԵ£ȵ˵һ
Ǹǳʵˣ޿ãóɱ˼ά侲пĸԣʵֲĽ
˺׿ڵˣˡڤһˮתҲǵ˵ʱˡ
Щ˱ߵ£ʵе˵ˡ
湦Ҫλġ
罣ȻҸ嵨лᣬҶ游٣Ϊܹ֮ס
лΣ
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˸˵ˡϢ֮⣬ʲô£
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û˵ȥ˼Ѿˡ
üͷ˵Ҫһ룬Ͼôýӽġ
˺ȻһЦʵµи⣬иŮүСһЩȴ൱Ǵȶ͡ӲʩչֶΣ׷󣬺ٺ١ǹӳŮ
Ů˴ﵽĿģ
ٺ٣ôֶҵùΡ
ɵ¶ָȤı顣
ڵЩ鷳
ʲô鷳
ߣھһɵĽͣ˿ϵǳҪﵽĿģҪƷһЩֶˣ
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Ҷ־һ̣
ŻˣһûܺãݵؽֲŴɱˡĦ롯֣Ÿճġʮɵ˼
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˶㵽Ӱ֮УɳƵ˵֪ܹһһǿ֣书֮£۴ɱֶΣֻ»ҪǿһһΣӵλоҪڽˣ
ڽӣɭȻһЦҵĵˣҪɱ˴ע⣬ҿɲԸ⡭
˲ǹ˼ǣ
ȻһЦЦſƵһ㣬һΣҵȻҪȥˡҿֵܵѣ
УԺûҪ£ǲҪ棬ֻҪһα˷Ǽ棬еļƻȫᱻ٣ҸӶˡ
ף˵ͷʾ⣬ûˣ
ûˡתҶûˣƫóλá
˳ȥһƺԵģѸʧںڰ֮С
ϣٽǽд򿪣ͷ

Ҷ޳ţԱ߸÷ѩһ·ϴùңֱլ
ͬѹˣֻоʦ̫ųߣ˵լԺ̴Ӱס
Ҷһ˴ãֱ˲ţһȣҶŴ޳ֱȱߵĵһŻȥǵĲˣδһɫͭ׵ʹ󺺴Ҵ˳ȴǡ¥ġɷףۣ
ףŹͭɫӵû˿飬ǣҶȴԲλֱˬе𾪷ŭ֮ɫ
ף۵˵ͷȥ
ף۲ʱȴͻȻԷһ֣ס˼򣬳Сֵܡ㿴ʲôһҪ侲
仰TMD׷ʲôˣ
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ҶľȻڣ벻ʱڵĶ࣬Ųʮˣ˼λ˺֮⣬ԭеŮҲУһɫΪ⼸֮⣬λϣ˶ģһԼѮˡ
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ýͣҶ֪λǴ˵صˣҲԼҪһĶ󣬡ʮڶʮλġ彭ƽ
ѹ֣Ҷǰƽһͬ߹λȻǴеҶСˣƽС֮ԺλƼݡ˵ƽȥʱƼȺеľʦ̫ͻȻʱɫһ㡭
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ƽɫ˲伸ξ䣬ֻںޡʹ飬˫вֻͣأֻΪһ̾ƽʦ̫λĳڡŮͲҪˡ
ֻƽĺ⣬ֻŮӡ
Ϊ˽˾ʦ̫£ЩŮͬ飬ƽΪҵαӣԸԷĻֱֱؽ֮С
ǣһУľЩɫٿȻı䣬ͬʱ¶һּȺȻɫ

ųҽһǰŵþһ÷ѩɫ䣬һȻ֮ɫʦ̫˲ͷŷš
УΪҶɫ˲ͬһϣȻͬʱôࡢôӵı顭
ɫġҵġġҰģԭĽǳصʧ͵ζһɨգ
÷ѩĵɨҶһۣԼʶҶ
ΪԭϤӣʱȥȫԭ̬ˣ
һУֻΪһˣ
Ҳ֮ܳΪ˵Ļ
УڿŰϣһֱ˵ˡ
˫־ʧֻʣ¹ͺͺڱ⣬ϽشѾϵ߰ߵİ̺ۣȫݵƤͷۻõѴϣֻһ
ͷݣֻһֻƤҲѱϹ˵һֻѾΪһѪŧŻˮðӡ
ϣճһ飬һ飬Ӷõһ룬¶һıǿס
ǣ˾ֵĲЩͣ
ԭӦ촽λãѾ˺ݺݵظˣֻʣ¶ҲһſͷѾϣϣһƤС
ȫɢŶһּܵĶ
ǻǸˣ
̵̷֮ˣѾˡ顱
黹ں˵ĵǽһֻ۾žâǳ޺ͼֵĹâҲΪΨһһֻ۾ҶĵһۣϳĶԷݣҲҶʹĸԴ
Ҷ㲻Լ۾ǰ飬Ȼƽֿѡࡣ
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һҶЩʣ֣𣿡
ֻʣһֻĻ۾ҶһֻҲ˻ѪߣնĴﴫʵ໹ܵͷ
ǣֻ˿ȴӯˮ¶޿״ʹ󡭡
סĳ鴤ţÿһ鴤ʹſɲһ£
յǰۡһԳصĵŷֱ֮˸ٳսźļˣշǲ䰽ֵĵص㡣Ǵ޳ף۶˳õ˲ִֽ˳ֻǿϧǷֵֵ̫Ѿˡǰ̫̣Ϊ˴ﵽĿģȻԼ˶˶Դ޲磡
Ҷ̾˿˵ҵ˼
͵ĵͷ
ҧҧҶַģҶҪնɱΪȫұ𣡰ַģĪѾް治֪ǼڵӣΡ
ſµ׸ŤˣǽЩʲôΡΡıȻ˫ͺ⣬ɫԳһǺɫĺ﷢ࡱࡱĹ죬鴤ǣȴ޷ȷĸҶһʲô
彭ƽ͵͵ĵҶϵܣǸովȳֵʱǱʲô͵ĵطʱֻһԼԼģ΢ͻķۺӡǱһּϸ߷ϵģܾпޱȣڷϵʱһȽĴƬѪδǬ֮´һʵԲŻӡⴽ۽̵οҲҵʱˡ˶٣ֵڶҲΪģ⡭̫ˣԼʲôһ㿪ô׻ܽϹʳȻἫΪģȴʧΪһ״£ٽȥĺ÷ֻǣ̫ĥˡ
絶ʣɫѼҶȭ͸ָĺ࣬ҼסֵܼڣΪ˼һôģѾ֪˵˭ҺúˣҰһǧвźã
Ȼţˮ໡ͣҲҵҡϿǸСҲаҺ
Ҷæͷ÷ѩ˵ѩϿȥҵġǧϻҪˣ
÷ѩҴתɱȥȴƵƵҡͷˮ乣
Ҷĵ˵ȥˣ
ֵͷͺָָԼϵ˵㣬Ȼҡͷʾ޿ɻˣ
һ̾Ҷҽһʱһϰ壬Ѿ֪Ѿܰôûǿżǿ־Լһ棬Ϊȫұ
Ķ⣬Ҷǿѹסͷı벪Ļ棬˸еĵ࣬ҪԱֻ˵ĥѣӰģָģң
ҡҡͷƺʮֽҲƣþҪǵһֻѪŧ໡໡֮һƬ硪һ̵ס˺ܣʱɶľò֮һ


073 彭
һԵĴӡɷףۿý˵ҶֵܣҿλʲôҪ
ҶҲǱǰͷԣʱѣŷ򾲵㣬֪࣬ҪЩʲô㲻Ҫ뷨ӣܻ˼
ǣƺˣȫһһĲϳ鴤ۼеŧѪˮͣߵСҲӿ˸Һ
Ҷæְֵĺ󱳣šϵעڣ۵һ³һѪ̵֮ɫʱú˼֡
Χ˶һ㵣벻ҶڹȻЧȻؼʱȴܻס˱֮˵һ
Ҷصĵ𼱱𼱣࣬㰲һ£֧Ƭ̣
ජҶȻţ鴤ţҲڽ֧״֮ήǣɲ뵽;ƿݡ֮ǰΡһ̣ý֮𣬼尾ľ־
˿ö᲻ѣ֪ʲôҪҪ˵ȴƫƫ޷
Ҷעݵĵ֣㶨ʲôҪô
ࡰȴڼͷ
ʱһףǵĵҶֵܣôʷҪʵʱŸȥܵȽֱ˵ķӲǣ
˵ţִսҶߵ˵ʵҶֵܲҪҿܵĥʵ̫ݣ֧֮޷ȫһǿҵľ֧֣ϣܼҶֵܽԩԹҶֵѩܸѵˣ־㽫ܿʧҿɸȻֻҪ֧ˣ
벻ֺĴӻϸһ棬˶ͬص˵ͷ
ͷҶյĵЩȫףеļ߽޸ǲǡʲôӲܺܿأ
ף۳ŵԽȲ˵дͽ˷ˡ
ͻȻһԶھʦ̫ų˵ˣҶӸ磬ҵһӡ
ףæʣʲôӣ
ųͷҲֱ̽ھʦ̫ı˵ǿ׼һī裬λλմī֭д
ǰһ
԰ȻѾûֽţöϱۺԴմī֭һдִֻ֣һЩˡ
ƽæȵˣ׼һСͣװŨīҴֽڵĵ
ȥûöʱ䣬Ѿһֻķεĵʯī̡ңīī֭죡
ŵֽ˵棬ֻд
Խӹị̄Ҷڰ£ͷ򶨵ĵ࣬ڲԣֲдĲ֫ͷԿԶЩպī֭ڵ¼д˵İɣ
ǵĶĿҲͻȻԳˣҶǻ۳ˣ࿪ʼֻϵ⣬Զ֫պī֭Ҷ˵ϣλƵϵֽӴǣܴ̫穣Խżⴥ֮ʣΪ鴤̫һȾմ˼ī֮⣬ʲôҲûд
ҶæǰС˰˫磬һǿסһ㣡
ֻ⣬մī֭ڵ²ƶţһһγ߰㣬մǽüϵ壺
ǡ
ʱྐྵȻԼ洫
˵ǰ׳ջգ
ֻҶ뵽һ˿ߣ뵽˶ԷԼ佣ı飬ʵֵ˼˵ЩΪˡŶ㶯ֵôӦûҵһһʱ֡
۾һҶݺݵ˵Ϊ˵õǱŶ԰̵ֶô
ص˵ͷ
ɷף۴Ⱥ쵰ȻΪһѱ
ƺҪ˵ʲô뵽Լ˵ףҶһ£ʾԼȥдʲô
ҶȴûжֻǵŰ࣬һЩʹֲýԭˡԭѾµ
˰ڣͬʱضҶ
ֻҶ̾һ˵λԵȣҲĪһһΪʲôܲ³ˡ
ɻԣʱ÷ѩȴҶׯ֮ʱʦ̫˱ܵġǧϻ
Ҷٴ򿪡ǧϻȡˡ佣
˵Ȳԭ򣬵һֳɫ
Ҷݵǰ˵Ҳ֪佣롮֮Ĺϵ˼ѱ֮ڱصãùֵġ֪֮ϵ뼰Ŀģ룬һѰҵġͭĪĹϵ
˴˲ɵ̾
ԭ˶ԴһңΪ˴˵еġͭ
ֻ벻ͨ⡰ͭ롰䡱ʲôϵ
ͬΪ˵İ࣬ԴҲԡ
ֻǽдֽ֮ϡ
򵥵һ˷ԭί
ԭӭȢٻţΪвԣȻĪҰʹׯ԰з׼ϯʽûУδЩѿ԰˼ǰ󣬱͵͵ؽ洫ġ˵̣ӻ
Ϊأ˭ҲûиߣٻͰĸڣҲ֪顣
úܺãֻҪһأͷץһ޵ȻȻʽ𽫱
ֻû뵽û˴ΪıȻ֪Ϊʲôִֵİõ˲Ʊȥ¼Լ⣬Ҳû֪䡣
һس룬Ϊ˰Լļ˷ˣԼ
ϾǶ֮Ϊκһˡ
û뵽ǣּݣûԼһСѾøɸɾԼֵܼ˸һԼĸҲɱ֮ף˲ҪõԼҪĶҪ֪֮ȫɱ
ˣˡ
ΪٻԸһʽףֻǵ˸ĹκһˣҲʲôס
ǽܲκһ֪ԸϢڰĶҲԸκεϢ֮С
൱Ȼ֪ѼҪѱһѣǽѣΪĲ룬Ը֮Ľ׸洵
˷ָ飬Ҳ
ҷô
ĥȵĥ˵Ÿ̷
ͬҲĥٻ
ٻˣڰǰȥˣ
ľˣһ̣ңÿʱÿ̶ԼܹȥԼֵܹ֮ܣԼϷһУĿģֻʣ˱
ûа׷ϣ
ڼֵ֮һҶ
ܹҶǼϲġ
֪ҶҶ˼ı仯ڼʱڣҶ˱þһпյѧǸţ
֣ԼĴȻñ
һУһҶĻҶűʹڰ֮ϡ
ֻǣȴҲˣ۷˫ȲסľΣеġҲ˵ġֱ죬ŲεȫŤ
ף۾ˣ
ҶæӴ룬ȴȻ졣
Ҷٸнбʹѣۿλ˲ҿҲĿλ֮;ǣȴ޷ʩչ
彭ƽҲæǰ֣һɻȻ͵밽ڣȻȲҶеġұҶǿʮҲǿĺˡ
ҲһߣĵҶֵܣҿ׶༪ˡ
ҶĵҲܣֻ֪ıˣҲҪ׶༪ˣ
һԵƽһ˹һ̾ϢѵҶֵλ֮ꡭϧλѱĥ̫ãȫ´ۣΪĳΪۻĵط̫ãȾ˶ЩѪĶң̫Ѫȵ̷ɡܻ漣ˣһйʲôε֧ˣѪ飬ܹȵϵ̷˵ˡ
Ĭһ£Ҷĵ桭ˣ
ƽص˵绹һ˿ϣҲᾡģҶСѡ
ҶȻǵģˣҲ֪ҾǷŲ¡ΪҵĺѣΪңȻνԲҪ˵ĺѣ
ƽ˲δشʲô齱һֱŰףۼĽˣҶֵܣֵҪ
ҶٿȻȥĿⴥͬҵĳףһȻ³ʮУѼ̫̫ţһɲǣ֪Ҫټһˣ
һΣһֱرܣһֱԸ
Լѵ
˫ѪƵĶʱȴţĶҶͻĺͣƶͺ˫ҲŬ𡭡
Ҷȥס壬촽ڰĶߣͳּᶨ˵ֵܡ㰲ĵȥҵ㱣֤һΪ㱨һֻЩǷծһܹίʹٻǣֵܣңһҲһܹõ
ѪƵĶ۱˱գǱ¶İοΡ
ѵŰҶĬĬĺĵоóϢᣬֿɲĻڴ죬ǣģͷбҲûһ㶯ˣ
Աߣƽջ˵ڰ౳˫֣̾Ϣһվ
ڵصҶƵĵҶֵܣ֡Ѿȥˡ
ףҲ˵ĵҶֵܣ㻹ǵЪŰɣҽֺ¡
ûлشҶֻĬĬظ⻳еñʱ򣬱÷ѩûг֪Լİޱߵʹ൱С
Ǿʧȥʶȷ塪ĺѣ֮ǣȴĻУ˱Һԩǰ
ԼվһѧЩʱʲôأ
⣬һƬ֮顣
ʱȻһ죬һȻַŭȵҶ˵үҳ
һ˵Ӱ˽
˫ͨ죬ңǱҶһС˫Ϸ顱ͱ˫۵ϣ
ֻⷬΪʱǵ˴ŭ
¬ͻȻȵСӣôô֪ô
ƽŭͽƽôġ
ϣƽ簮Լǳĸ׶ɫһֱ֮ʱǰһһ͵˦
ž
һ죬ϣ˶һȵ÷ɳ˷⣬ܣͷת̧֮ͷԼ׳ͷһŭֳĸǰǰһ͵ߴ׿ŭ֮Ϊ󰡣ӣ˴󲻾ҵҶֵǰڰǰͷ
ϣʱ㶣ʲôˣ
벻ԼȻʱ´ϣʱΪûڣһҪҶϴϣʱһڡ
ҶҶҶ
ϣҲǵĶӣίǲҳͷʶһ䣬Ҹ˿ͷлҲҪ
ϣִֵؽͷתһߣǲϴ
㡭
벻ԼӶ겻Ȼ浽˲һƣҪͣʱҶ¥ˣǵӣ֪ϸڣ£Ҳй¥½⣬ĪΪˡ
ոսݵһܣҶҲѾ֪ĵʱ鰧ʹƣۣٽֻ֦뾲ش
ֻǴʱϣջ𣬰еĹִԹҶϣʱҶ˵ûƢһﲱպҶ˭ˣүҲϡ

ôֱͣӰϣȵ˹ȥ
¬䡢޳æ˹ȥϣ
ϰ¬һŭصɷһۣȻΪ֣Ҳ֣Ͼĸģδ棬¬ʱʹĺܡ
Ҷ̾Ϣһ¥Ī칫ӲǶ⡣֪λɷһæ
ƽæ˵ҶкηԸ
ҶŰ壬վ˵Ҫ𻯣æһ¿ɷ񣡣
ƽ̾ϢȻ
ǣû˵ʲôҶŰʬ壬⣬ֻǣŲ֮䣬ȴĲˡ

ʱ֮
ĲһѴл˻ҡ
ҹǿ͸ÿһǶܿ
֪֮Ƿϵأ
ҶŻ⣬Ĭ
ʵľƺ«ľһһڹԼ
ΧǺڰģǰһѻ𡭡
ӦҶҪֻһˣûд
ʱģҲһЩʲô
Ǳ໥֮ޣҶı˲ǳ޵ӣߵĻɣһУѾҶеã
ʱİ࣬ѲٱٻЦʹԹޣûκĸܣǣĻȴĵģԸġ
ô
Ҵȥֻʣǻں벻ʣ
飬ǵһηҶͻȻе־壬ΪиΪֵܵܡʦͬš󱲣Լİˡһ죬ԼҲǵȥʱԼܳܵסô
ܣ
ԼԳܲס
ԵպܶԼ֣㿰ܱʹģڴ֮ǰõȫҷ
һ̣ҶͻȻüᶨ
ƺ«еľˮڵһЩҶ֣һƣ·ɡ
ͳƽ
ҶСѣڰ˳䡪
ȻʧһۣҶɬЦЦû뵽һμһĻЩźء
ƽصص˵ͷ̾Ϣûʲôá˴һöˣöġȻⳡ˭ԸҲɴ˼ҶСѵһƬġԴˣҶСѴ֮ϣȷʵ˸жθ
ҶתͷŻѣ˵йôһôཻ꣬ϵ⣬Σ֮㣬ʱνԹԣȻͻȻһ죬׵ˣԺȴǰĻ
ǳ鴤һ£ƽŵĵҪ̫ģҶֵܡǳΣ˶ϳģĶΡǣˣһӣҲͲˡ
ƽɤЩɳƵĵһĻΡ֪Ҳһȥʥء
Ҷ˵ͷ
ƽȻʧЦ˵Ŷˣʦ̫ϵǳȻ֪ǶһǸʱһȥǸطģֻˡԭΪʥءвǵ˱ѵսѾǲ̣˭֪ص֮ŷ֣ϵĶʵȡʥءҪ̵Ķࡣ
ֻǼԼԼͻȻɵ˳ͱӵôҸ㣬ֱѱѵĸоҪʹö࣬ΪԼ޴νã㵽Լɢʱ򡭡ʹ࣬ʹ顭
ôģҶŵĴţ뼰λİɵóʵôΰʹأ
ƽתͷؿҶзŻ⣬زţ֪ΪƽΪ汻紵Ĳ
˵˭˵Ұʹˣ
ΪܹϰߣʵÿҹҶεЩĵ֣ҲμԼĴ¡ޣҿԱЩ˶֪˭飬ŭ𶼲֪˭йҶȥӣʧ޼Ů
ʱգʱ޿̲ʹм尾
ƽһѶҶеľƺ«ͷ˸ɾ̧ͷգ૵Ҷֵܣһ죬ҵܹʹķҲǵý̽°ɡ
һʱ˳ĬС
ֱȼ
ƽҶļ򣬵һ˽ְᣬᣬģһ⡭
أҶ̾ʱ򣡡
Ҷóһ׼õĴ̳¿ȵĻ𳡣ȣĹǻһһװ̳֮УȻӻȡһǻ̳ϸذãȵزϡ
ҶСѣǡƽɻʵ
ҶȻ˵ţָԸۿԼĳαɱģɱĳˣǻ̳Ӳ뿪Ұ벽
ƽɴʢ޵ãúӣⱲӽôһѣĽ֣¶ЩءĳܽύҶСֵܣҲ޺ˣ
Ըύ֪󱲣
ƽ֣صͷ֮áƾҶֵؽ֮ˣ۱£ٶˡҶֵǿ£ĳԸ⽻Ҷֵѣ
ҶҵһΪܽύΪѣ£
ƽЦȻֵˣĪҪǰĽˡ
磡
ֵܣ
ƽҶ˫۽֮飬ϧرš
֮⣬ǴһʵĴȣĪҪҵ⣬СӿĳǧѰİ֣
ҶȻʧЦ
ƽЦСⱲӾ£һǰϣС˵ҵ̣ǽҶֵܸĳʶ֮⣬Ǹҩɾȵӣ


074 վ
ն
彭ɽˮ
˽ϵĳҲϮ˿߹߽ǵļƷ˿磬ͯͯ١ҡ
Ҷѹһ˵ĵ졣
ˣҲѾͷɽׯ֮ˡ
ȥڳ֮УƽţԴ˼ɾ
ĮĮУβӳ㡣֪٣ȴ޴˹ῴŴ˵ط羰ȻһЦ彭ƽǺǣһ֮ˣԭΪǸ֮ͽܹ֮УҲмƷζ
ͯĿǰüͷ˵ӣǰͷĶ洬ȳţǴϣܿǴȳ֮ذɡ
˵ͷͬʱһ٣ӰٿȻ봬˰ߡ
һ⣬˵һһ˶˿ʹ֮ϣʡ
ͬҴк鶼ûУѾ˰ϡ
һߣͯ˵ӣмС·ȴ֪һȥģ
˾룬أԸֶҲԸӽϺζ塣
ᵹ˫֣˵ȥʲ֪ˡ
ͯһ㶣˭
ĿһתҶɫȻ⣬Ǳ·ת
÷ѩͬʦһͬ䣬ȡ״̬Ϊպͻ׼
ҶҲѾæҪ󣬳һ˵䣬ȴҵ˵٣Ϊ౨
ʱ˫֮Ѿûʲôؿˡ
ҪҶֻܵȴһգΪ˰ϣĲʤ䷳սֻߵׯ⣬һ·й䣬û뵽͵˽ߡ
һǰУһŽҪ飬һΪ౨ɱˣڶƽϢɽ붴ɹ֮Ĵսѹʮ˲죬ѩʮˡֶһ񣬵¥ɨһħŸ֡룬᲻˵ĵأ
ͻȻôѹҶͷЩףҲ֪϶ٱ飬Щ
ͯԱ߼߹ȥ׷Ҷ˲ǰҶƺǾȻֱʶһΣ˹ȥǰС
ͯһһŭϣ׷ȥһתٴסҶǰ棬±Ҷƿ˫һ죬ռסС·ͬʱһʿվס㣬Ҫݷá彭ƽһ·
ҶᣬСɽСɽׯķλһָԹԵ˵һҪȴȴʱͯδҶֵڶӰԶüޡ
ͯʵǵһǵڶ

ͯŶһӣ˵ȥɽׯߵ·
ͷȻҶһۣƲʲô״С
Ҷʱγ˵Ǳߵ·ԣȥɽׯֻҪɽϾУɽׯĴ󣬺ҵĺܣ
ٿȻվȻһЦ
ͯȴȵ󵨣㷽˵
벻һͯӿװ粻˵ȴ˿ҶʱЩ죬תߣǣδϵ߽ͯѳ˹ͬʱǰҲҺ˵˵ŲƽĵۣĹͷ
ǰͻһţֱҶؿڶ
ҶüͷùһʮһĺͯҶвˬҲһʶ
ǽͯԼһлգ۾ʱһת⣬ֱҶ߲
Ҫ
ҶȻ˻Լղ塿Ȼɣʹù֮£ҲʱУֻҪԷҹ֤ԼĻ񹦷壬ٲ첲ܵѵ
Ҳֽѵ㣬ȴʳҲһѵˡ
ڶԷһ⼴ײʱȻԷĽ۴멵ĹͻȻϺȵͯ
֣ͯϻ̳Ͽֵһԣө
ҶһӣֻҪѵ֪ôĽͯ
֪ȴ᲻õسȵƽѵģӦҪԹݣαһ¾ĳǩִ֮ҿߣ
˵һתͯڿնȥǽͯųͷݺݵҶһۣһ׷ȥ
Сүǳǩģ
Ҷ죬һʱڵ

Уƽ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ƽĴʵһԣῴƽڴˣȻżְȴȻһҾأȫ˵н˵ɽᣬҸ֮ǰǰ밲
ƽЦȻֶĳһɽ۵Ѿһʮжˡ󰡡ڱ񣿡
Ҹ彡
֮ɽɽţǨ飬պգʵκ֮£ʵʵսʮĲ֮һֻΪܸ˳׽ڵǬһ֮£ٳɽ
֪һβ֪Ҫֶǰкָ㣿
ҡỺؽͷ̧𣬵ȻСɣһηҸ֮ɽҸ⽻·ϣҪǰʰͬʱ;е֪¬ʦħСɧţʦһ֮
ƽȻһţŶԶԡǹϼɽѵĵӣ㸸ͬʦãȴĳˡ¬ʦںլϢһ˴ȥݻᡣֶĪ⣬һħų֣ƣڶħسΣղС
ᡰŶһȻ˵ǵ书ʵڷͬСˣ
ƽšһͷӦ
ȻһЦԸصħΣʵڲᰡ
ƽȻһЦʵ˫üŽһСϻӷϡ
ǡƽɻʵ
ȻǰĻһöת絤ҸǰһֱѰҽҩɼҸ⡮ת絤Ĳϣǰһ¯ҩǰ
ƽĿһ䣬ɽ˵ġת絤˽鵤ҩĳ֮𡣡
ɽ֮ǰҸǧԸ뽫͵ǰǰǲ£λȥ
⡭ƽһ̾Լ鵤ȷڱصãΪⵤҩпܾȻһ˵ѣɴ֪Լɢԭɲܾ
ȻˣֶҶлһ𡣡ƽȻ֮ɫһţźʵ
ʵӦǰСϻ¡
Цм仰ں˵ֿð
ĳ㣬ֶлֱ˵
Сϰ֮ʱҸԣÿۼơǡסѡɽţ⼸ŽȺоԶÿһнʦҸȴἰǰΪǰһ֮ʣڼϰĽĽǰԴ֮ǳĽ֮⣬µһˡ
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ȻҹͬУȴΪԭ֮֡
ǨֵġԪսɽ˰ü֮洫˽֮Ʒĳ鳤ֹˣ۽ʵڲֶ֣²Ҳա
ἰԽսֱӶƽΪܹսʤֻ֣ǽƴǾֻ֮ýУ㾳Ҳƽԡ
ֻһ󱲵ݣս֡ǳУʤڽ֮жĢ́ݵ顣ֻԳݣֱսоδ̫ҸоãԵ˿
ƽȻܾ飬мŭæǰ
ʵǰǷʦѾ˵úˣĪҪƲǡ
ʵһۣԵԹԣʦͽǰڶ࣬Ѿо洫ߣǰǲ㣬ĵͽ̺ˡ
ʵдŭ˲֪ôҪѵһһһҪ֣ȴƽסöԹ񡣡֮ںǿǣ塣ֻʤħ֮С
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΢Ц˼ʣһɽ˵ӵȷ࣬Ӣ㡣
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ոճ֮Ǹʮָݵĺӣһ˫ֱͬݣȴ쳣ˡƽӵУṦƷ൱׵ĻƷƽ
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ƷƽЦɽׯ»Ʒƽֽ̼У
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˵š񡱣ȴһҲǷͷûأȫ˷С
Ҫ֪˵ͷȻСƽϰ䣬֮书һУǰμ˲šƫƫһ߸ϡ̬Ŷӵʱðʲôʦѵһɶ
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Ʒƽɫһٱ䣬ҧ£ԱİǰİףָУ
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˺լſڣʵһ֣¬ŮһұԱɡ
һͷҲ˵ʲôл֮Ŀ·ʵǸһ㣬ֱӣٽͯԺڡ
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ŵæΪ񣬻æȴ
ݿҰķٹ׷ŻƷƽı󣬳ʵʦ֣ô죿Ǹʵڿɶ񡭡
ʦҲ˹
Ʒƽһ䡣߾ڣƢ˵þͻըʱȻлѵǸᡣ
һΪͬʦһȥ

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⻰һ˵ڳ֮ˣûһеˡ
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¬Ц˵Ȼʦֶ£ħԺšʦֶȻܹһսġ
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һߣɷףһ˵죬ǲһһԡ
һֱԱ߿ֵŮҲӯӯͬΪϼɽĹ˵ǿһ㣬۽ȷ˵ãȻ鳤ԷһȻĶ֡
¬һ㶣Ƕ֣
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ϼɽšӡɽУУǼȡʤɼὣǿεˡ
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СôžŶŹϣȵιϣ磬ò
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÷ѩһĽոϴϣڷϢ
ҶûдţʺһԼСݡ
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ƽףʵ̺һԣķϯ࣬ȻϯλٹȥϣԼƽӡ
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ϯҶ棬ͯһԣһ֮ɫ
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ԡ׹·ն
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ϣһ֣ܹսɽׯ˶ǺȻкãҶһп˹Ȼûеֵֹǣƽķ򸾣Ҳ¶һϷı飬ؿųڵı仯


076 ѹ˫
ƽķ򸾣ǵ֣￴ϣˮƽֻ֮ʱǲ棬ϼӮϼΣǻ׼ԼʵˮƽſĿˣΪһ֮ܣ׳档
ġƽεȸͬǶϣĳϣ棬Ҳ֮ˣƽĲ޶¡
ϣսȻһЦһˮƣ˵칫ӹȻη칫ӵգ֪ܽӵ¼أ
ϣŭٷƨүȻ
Ц±裬ҪΪ¬ʦİӣҾͻ顣оǡҲҪˣСʱ˭˭
ΧˡŶһҶ¶Ȥģ벻˻޵С
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ϣ𣡲úԣ¬䲻ɵþŭ
ǨִҪǿǬ֮ǰʴʣ׽ڽмһˣǬֵָݺݵؽѵһһ겻ڼˣɽʮ겻ɽһӳɲţΪܱһѩǰܡ
սܶǨӰԶҲԸԵ˰̣еʹ
ʱϣἰ£ڵڸǨһͣǸһ͡
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ԣϣһ仰ỺоƱ˫֮¶㺮⣬˵Ϊ仰ڵģ
ϣȻ壬ЦڿôҺڡ
Ծ볡С
һ죬һ

ԭĽͯһʻɣһнʵ׶ˣǰһݣһ̹âһӣһѽ޳ıУͨӨӨš
ϣǻνתһˮ㵴ңͬǰѾý
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ؿŵĬĬӣͣδ˵һ֣ǵĶ˵ʮ֮ĶԾ˲ء
ᣬʮԸС̿Ϊߣһ̲뽭֮ȡµϣ𣬼ֵĺҲΪܵضѹƾСӱΣ棬˴ܹ򼤷߶ͷҲǳеεһֱ֡
˵˶Ǳųһ׷Ǹ߾Ľһϣģǽ
ĽٿȻŷܵƻܽѹ˲һ
䡭
ͬһʱ䣬ʧԭأжŽһ𣬽ݺᣬܵƹ˱̻һĴɽڳ֮һǵ֣չԼǰϯڻ׵˿Ӱ졣
÷ѩǺ죬Ҷϸĵغǻ˵İȫ
˽еɽ彣ʽ飬ӯоɽ֮⣻ϣ֮Żϣӹӹƽӹҽؼ汸֮Ҫ壬Ƴֽ֮ƣʤ֮ȴǼѡ
нսңȺ۷׷ףһԵľʦ̫˳һۣͻȻҶʵ֪ҶСѾ˭ȡʤ
ҶԵֵһھƣʵôԵĴ𰸣ʦ̫שİɣβֱ֮ĺã
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Ҷһ㶣ŲɵȻʧЦʦ̫̫ʰ·硣
޿޲ɵصƶ᲻ϲƶ죬˵ɡ
Ҷͷ÷ѩͷʦ̫ǣ÷ѩӯһЦһá
ҶһЦȻ۳ն֮ѡǰ;ǲֻһʧ֮أһʧ֮ڷܣδɾԼ˼ɣܷлʶδ֪֮
ʦ̫Ĭ
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⻰ʵͻأ˲䱻ȫ֮˸С
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ѹ׷ҶĿȻǽƽڰ׵еӰѹƺڵ֮Ļ𲢣ʱ׵ɱüңһвʲôʧȻ׵˾ͻּصѺۡ
ʦ̫ʱ뵽һлˮļƲߣ˼ݣһ֣ȴԼΪǵùܺˣδЩ̫ˡ
ѵʦ̫㻹ϵ鲻ô
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֮˶ʱȳ
ŶΪʲôʦ̫ӵĺˡ
Ϊ̫ҾЩ̫ˡ
ͼҾãʲôãʦ̫Щˡ
Ҷ٩٩̸ҪһһĽ֣˽ʤ⣬Ҫвؽ󣬻Ҫһְ۲ص;ģһҪʹвܵ
̫Ǿסĥģһ뷨ȥ⣬ܹܵùȥҾ̫õˣһеĶ̫ףף㲻ϧʧȥģҲȱ˿öࡣ
˼˵ûĥģԶܳɴ
Բܡ
ܹĥˣҲδܳɴ
ԣҿʮУѸûʲôδܹΪµһ֡Ӣˡ
ʦ̫ԭҪҶû˵עû뵽Ҷ˱ֳһ֮⣬˵ĻҲʮֵеһʱ˳ĬƺҪԣȴҲʲô֤ݡ
ʱĴ״Цһ˵Ҷֵܲ˫书ѵҲϲӢܣ
Ǻǣ¥ĪҪȡЦˣҶȻһЦʲôӢҺθɣµһҺ棿
ҶСѵĺܡ
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˻һ䣬Сһϣзֿߣƶ
ӯأϣȴһ졣
תŭҶ
ϣҶ¶˹һΣ֪ԷֶθȻҧгݣȴǲʶҶֺ˿һһָҶȻ㶮
Զ
۾һУνɱ˵ʤ֮䣡
ҶЦƾ㣡ߣ֣ҲòŰν
쵰ϣŭϣĽܸƤһ
ҶȻһЦ˵棬Сˡ

ӰһҶӶʱӳϷշᣬ֮ǰҶϥʱ˫ϥȻԽһ
දһ˳ȥ
ǣֱҶСҶԭƷǰȥһһ
ҲڄxǼ䣬ҶͻȻ࣬յͷ½ϣ
ͷߴ̿գὣ䣬׷ҶΣϣһʮ
죬Ҷθӿ죬һӰͬȣƮ
ķӦҲ񣬷һֱҶ
ڴʱϣһֱҶģ
˫赣ȻͬһʱʹϼɽĽƾСϼɡһǰһ󣬶ʱҶγɼл֮ơ
ȺĺƽʱҶЩдˡ
ǳеҶշת·滺һ˿һ̻˫һתݺס֮ʩչӽͬʱһᡭ
Ҷָ罣ͻȻǰһ죬ϣxǼֱ꣬˲һ飬һ٣
ǰָ̽ؼסϣһԷصݹסһ㡭
һҶָһһĽ֮ϣǱʱ˳һ֣ϰգ
ҶƵأͬʱŴ򿪣ֱϣеĽ֮ϣͬˡһ֮С
ţϣͬʱһĿ䴦ѾҶ¡
˴󺧣ᣬȴͬʱؿҶһţһͣ˫˫Ȼڵأ
Ȼ̧ͷȥ֮ʱȴֻҶͬһ㣬βͣߣɶأʱ˫ִָһʣٿȻһ١
һһ̣âôӿл
ǺһƫУͬʱ뽣֮ڣ
Ҷһ٣Ҳڴʱλ֮ϣϥʣݷʲôҲûзһ
εѸ٣ֵݣĿжϵ׼ȷֱͲ˼顣
ᡢϣ˵ĿɿڴȻȴӵ
xǼ䣬ͻȻһ亹ʪ͸Է书ĸǿʵڴ֮⡣
ԷǴҪȡ練ƣʣxǼѿΡ
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ٽͯæǰӵϷϣļͬʦֵҲ
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Ʈڳԯϣֱڳ֮ϡ
Ҷʵݣһ̾ôǰأ
Ц˵ĳų͢ڼƽ̫ƽ˵Сͣ㱻˼ʣ֮±˵ʸ̩ݣҪĦ룬ûõҵĵطû뵽·ƽ㷢ӢټͬݳۣͬƽϢһִֵƾΪľǧӼݸҪһ
ѵһƬ嵨ҶͷЦ
ĽҶֲǣδֵܾѾͻ֮ˣλֵܴಽ죬ƫƫСܲɲģںǻٳٲܲ죬ǺȻǿϧ֮ʱûаݵʦֻǿһЩҰ·ӣ֪ʲôʱгͷ֮հ
Ҷаһ֪̽飬Źͬڹ֮˵Ȼܲ죬Լ˻ɹʱҲ̽һӽԼһĿأ
ҶƶҪ֮̽ʱԱ߲֪ʲô˼ȼűڣͻȻһ˵·м䣬žһըƥٿȻܾϣ``һֱֱسǰ˳ȥ
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ǵһֽ棬һԷĵȴһ⾹ȻԼ֪䵶һ书
ͬʱͻϮˣһ˴Ӻ󷽹ͬոոԼһļһһҲ켶ĸ֣õѶְ̱ŹٱУ֤ѹ飬ôܲס
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ۼ˫ذױҪǰأδϵһٿȻˤɲɵÿһУ٪循㵵ıٿȻ񣬽һѪߴӶͷ֣˲졭
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083 ˵
ѪɷĴɱ׺Ҷ붦ݳǣΪɵʱҲ־ʱ򣬷˹
ҪͻȻֵҪҶġĦڭ޹ҶĽּ䲻ֹۡ
Ѫɷ˴ж˵ƻܳϴӵõĦ֮󣬱㿪ʼ׼ɱֻΪҶٹ죬ǰ컹ݣͻȻ֮˾ݣʮ֮ҵ˻֡ҶȻݳǣαװС͵ϮɱĶУαװС٪̿һֵʱսλõĵͻϮƣһء
ͷȻܹɱһʵǿĴ̿ͣʱõ˴һ
ͻأ书΢ֻкΪû뵽Ǹɱжôı
ڼȱʱɱһ̿ͣѪɷڸʵһµһԭҶļƷɱתУпҴɱжɱ
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٪֮̿ڵʱȻŤ׳죬ֻӻͬʱǰҲ๥ĵ棬ȡñܿӺ󷽴ĳ϶
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̿಻ԶϣǧϻС翽ɶݶ˲ķ̿еĳڶԷһ˲䣬ۡ
̿ͬһʱ뱻ĸ󶴣һ˿ʵı飬̿ʬٿȻز
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Ҷ˲ԣػܵ˺
ʮѪɷ̿ٴ־λҶȻ죬һ̵Żƣ֮ǰٿչҶĽٴγ֣ȹҶ
Ҷ͵һ٣һɳ˲赲סӽ磬ڶ̿ΪҶʲôϮԷλһ֮ʱһ͵شȳ

Ҷ㡾ʨӺٿȻɳ˲⼤䣬쫷ǰ̼䱻һɨգΧĴ̿ʹ󲿷ڶˣͻȻðѪȻίٵѪɷ֣бӣĸһء
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Ҷɱúã˷ܴС
ʱϣҶܹȫȡʤˡ
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ҶڶԷɲǣбһΪԷһǵԼʦǰһͬʽҲаʽԭһȫʱİ
ҶԴӼаʹ⾪һ֮бε˼ƽ֮Ȼûƽֱֻ֮һһ㣬һͬһ緢γֱֱ֮˷Ĵ̿͡
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Ŷ֪Ǻι˹죡εõŹأҶ۾ϸעŶԷķӦ
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Щ٣ѧȷԷ󣬵ȴ˾ʵϣΪʹ÷ݺ޴Ͷɱġ
ʮƶŮ֯ͼ֮һҲǷΪɱ޵ӣΪṩġ
ֻǸԱԵĺԱб飬Ҷж˵ʵţټƴԼ̿͵һϵҶڱǰӣȫ
벻ѧ׹Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ʵ⡾Ҳһɵǣ̩ϰŹҿԿ϶ǣŹħŵٳɹ
ģʧɫһŵı飬ʵȴǰЦһߺߣȻˣ;̩ǸĹԼмƣҶͻȻԼ䵭ȥ뵽пԼĹԷʶƣԼ˻ɡ
һ¶һԼܣǺĻ̹ԼֻΪ˸õһܡ
Ҷ϶ص˵ͷҼֳȷ׹ҸЩоͷ϶һְ취ͻŹĺ쾳磬ɹ죡
һҵħŵӦ֮
æʵʲôɷ֮
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ŷʲôö֪Կ϶ǣħѾϰŹ֣ǱΪʮޡֻҪлӴħţһҳ
һۣģû֪Ķࡣ


083 
Ҷ硣
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ѩɽе羰ðɽϵķ֣͸
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תģֻҪС֣ұ֤졭
á
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µһҪױ㵹ӣֻ⡰µһıҲᱻô˰ɡ

ɽ磬⡣
ʯϵ¶ˮѸ͸Ҷϵ¶ԾӨΡ
£ǿһɽׯϵĽ⽣ҾǾһأɽʯԡ
ڽ⽣֮ǰҲһ˾ʯһֱͦվš
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һȺׯӵǰ棬ͬŷ˿ȥʺӿѪ
ĸˣֻһһָ
ָԷһһȡ
ԭ򲻹ǶԷ⽣
⽣ǰݷһɽׯĹأдɽˣһɽׯĵˡ
ׯ޲ŭɫȴ˲мյһǶɫʯֵƣ


084 ħս
Ŀ䣬ľ޺Ϊ
Ǻһһ꽣Խڶһ𣬹⻪磬ȵһɽׯʯУ
Ŀһתһɽׯְèһˣǣʡ¼ʦһ˼ˡ

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ҽźȻҼȻҹα仯뽣ͬ
ŶعӰʮ
Ľһ⺮վݡ֮ǰһɽׯԳĽ
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ãһԼʥѧġ󷨡תΪ̫Ԫ񹦡һԵشڣһҪɢʵܲסʱ򣬼ǵóѩգ۾
ãɣ
ҶȻʲô󷨡׼תڤ񹦡ѧӽҡ
΢һЩҶҲסˣҹܵ˷Һ÷ѩҪԼĹˡ
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ҶһƺߣһסұѨһָסͷٻѨתڤ񹦡õġ̫Ԫ񹦡ȫҵڡ
ǰһ¹գŻæ붨뵤
Լ׽ľͬһ㣬˿ڵ
ʵڼ֮󣬱ȻһصĹذˡ쾳졣
һУǿʼ


085 Ļ
һɽׯ䱸ɭϣһڣ岽һڣ֮ˣɽׯΪĵӣֻǽɽׯԶѷǰİ˰ٵӾǡԪΪ
˶ĺ֣Ѿ¶һɽׯĵ̡
Ο۾Ŀбӣ·ɽׯִһ·ǰС
֮ڣΟһ۱㿴λϣһλݰ׾Ƴ롢ŵòѮߣȥްҲ޴˵еɷ˾Ǹ󡢵ѧϽѧ
´һ۴ˣΟ߲ɵһüһ˿ЦĽ
ĻϾü˿ڵһȵ󵨿ͽ
ѧֽסȻٰꡣתΟ۳룬һЦɽĽ壬־Ľʹ
ҲǼģĽΟٿȻĽĻͷָʹ˼㡣
ִºͻϲɵĽ壬ӽĳƺţ˿û˶ŭ˵ֱչδ͡ʹս鲻ͽɽˡ
Ο߱תϲ֮ɫ
ӽĽ岻ɵһЦ۾ΟıһۣĿоһͻȻתƻ⣬ԭΟʦħʥ֮һĹµ۾ħϵġ۾ǺǣûͬƵתħǴҵ֮⡣
һΟ߳Ծͷô֪
ħʥʵħ֮£ħžڷ֮ʱʥ֮λھ֮ϣֻħЧңƵͳһħţʥ˦˦Ƶеӡ
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Ľֻеġ֪ˡѱе𣬾ƵǰȥҪ¶δؿóϣµ۾ϲ
Οоâ㾹Ȼ֪֮ʦУһɽׯȻʽϵ飬ʵ򲢷ˡĽ壬ߺߺߣصҲǺϡ
Ľ嵭ȻһЦһɽׯħţһһаУһɽׯҪݣȴղܡ
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ʦҲҸ񣡡Ο߻ת̧ȱߡ
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һ䣬תٲͷҲأֱׯ⡣
ĽûкֹĿΟ뿪ɽˮ


086 
ˣλʦֶذɡ
һʮ߰СվسҶʩһ񣬽ֳԱߵľСλʦ̫ʩ񣬽һ˷ܵسӣҲȥжǸͬˡޱʦãߴߴ۲ͣ춼ǶҶ޵Ļ
ЩСѾͷٶǾֱʦ̫ͽѹֱĸ־ôʮλˣͲͽר˵ĹʹһץˡͽųԵ
۱ǰЩӣ඼ҶһʦֶӦ
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һ̰˴˵ķңΪڵһ⴫飬̼˶ݳǡ
Ҫ벻ԼҶҲʱŶʦͬȥģԭܼ򵥣һɽͬŲҪﶦݳǣ˳ԾǣΪ֮ǰʦŽħŵټڵһʯĶʮ֮ɵҲͬڶһͬɽ½ɡڵжӣȫɽŵǴʮŵĽܳӺѧԺѧԱܹʮɽν񾡳ɽ϶գԼƸ
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ʦͽһжǴ󳩡ʱɼǵıԵʱü
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ڴ֮ǰͨᰵƼƻ֮䣬ء
ԭֹУĸﶼһȺûбҪĵˡǼᰶУݵλúͱΪֺУóɱǿУʱ鼸Ӣ۵Ĵʣһʥĳνֶߡ
Ӯá񡱳ƺż򵥺öֻҪͨ񣬱ɻô˳ν
ΨʥѵãҪͨĽϸҪΪ˳̺;ĵطڳԸ񱾾ϽϳսܺͻɱĶǽϵ׼֮ͽöû˸ҳƺͬʱʿԣʵʶ񡱵ľ֮һ
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ٰ׳̾һҡͷöλΪˣҼҳ⸱ƢǸӲͷҲҪɽǶˡ
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֮⣬ҪЩʲôľô
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ƽŶԷӰȥҲǵϣλٰ׵ϡ
վߣ⣬һ˵Ҳϲˣ֪ΪʲôĲϲ


087 ú׵
ħټһӴɽׯҲƺһӱý
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ĥļѨȻǸǵģǴ󺣣ֱһƬ󡭡
һһҹĿ࣬󲻵ֱ˸ɾҶԼڹҲӲ˹ȥһľ֮ڷų˳ӯӦ
ţе˼ЩƶԳˣ
οҶļһתȥȥУصĳϣҶΪһȺˡ
Ҷ󺹣ͷ˽ᣬȡĸǣǲûС
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088 ͬʦ
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׷ݳǣλĸҲһͬǰġҶơһƽ
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ӵĶɹȹ׷һɳѼĺʣݲȡƽ׽֮£Ҳ˿ᣬ෴У࿴ó׷ܹ춴ɹȳΪڵ棬ҲһۣǱĺӰ죬ΪֵӵĻǾǴشˡ
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ɽŵɽׯһƫƧĿͷ
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ԼĿҲȻյЧʦżΪȻ㣣Ӳꡣ
֪Сɽ£ߣƨӣʼ壬ɱ㣬ȫڽϵߺߣȻôҺڵ֮ˣƫƫ⣬ӽͶǸλãҲӣҾԱĽڣӴȫšⱲӶǸù׸ԵǸʲô³
֮ʣվǰɽһΣ˵꣬תȥˡ

ǰһ̻ǰ׵ĺ֮㣬һ̱˺ڵһλˡ
ӣ֮ԷڽоĺڵͽҲһͶãԷע⡭
΢ḧ
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ڵңһɳƵڰһӰƮ
˲ӣ˵ǵȻˡҪлʦֵľ֮ǡֻҲ֪óƺʦֺأǳƺܹܺʣ
һǰƮһϺڽ¶ٰƫݵݣʱϵɫÿ
ԭٰ׾ļ֮һ
⼸ľݵӣֵģֻԭ͢ࡱ᰺ɽǡĶ֡칳ٰס
ʦյùŵӣΪû´¡ٰ׻봲ǰ֮ڣЩ˵ɽ֮ѵôʦΪʲôҪǰ
Цʦᣬʦֻڰ׵׬ȡ㹻׵߲עʦǷǣԭŽ˻ʦֱסȻȥû뵽Ȼ˹£Ȼ˺ڵʦʼδ¡
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ٰɽʮ֮ã£ʱɽǶⲿħѹ¿㣣ѻ˿ɳ֮ġ
ٰҪִɽǣ׵İ취⣬ٰȢȫɽǡ
ʱٰ׳ɹ⻹Ҫ죬һɽһ֣ظۡ
Щ˵ûȡ㹻֮ǰκεж̫Щ
Ըٰ׵ֶȼԼҲԽɴ˶ɽչ¶ͷǡ
âһţ°ʦְʦ֣ȻҵɽǣҰĿ¾ͻ谭ڤĴư
ʦַģĴƾԲܵ谭ֻҪʦõõСܵĵطǡ
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ߺߣȥڰɣվʤĽ̨ʱͻ֣ᷢʵҲһԼȥ߶ѡ

ʱҶˣһ֮ؿǰ״
ԭֻǵȴ÷ѩͻľ棬һԺУȴһͻ˾磬춯ݳǶ˲һƬڵС
Ԫƶ˻㼯֮£Ԫ۵ĳ̶ȳ󣬼ۿɼİɫ۳һ޴磬һʣһͥԺеС֮ڡ
ҵعԹԣⳡҲ̫˰ɣʯ̾
Ҷʦֵܣ۵СԺУؿԼʦͻƹ飬ʽΪһ֡
Զʮ⣬һˣƽơ
̾ϢɹȻףֻͻƹ龹Ȼܹ֪࣬˵µĸжôۺ񡭡
ƽͷӦȷˡΪˣҰ׵е֮ˣ׵иˡ
Զĳ⣬ٰԶеˮһԡ

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֮֮ﲻ鲻ʤ䷳ȹ̾Ϊؾ˴󲿷Ҫ֮˵롣

Զڻɽ֮С
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Աһޱȴ֮ͷ󺹣ϥһࡣ
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Ǵ޼ȵĹ޼ԶǧίʵЩ֪Ӧ֮ʾ
Ϸָ޼ȥ
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İȸ侲һŭض޼
޼ͷ󺹣ݹǱ֮֮ˣ֯һͻϮ߱Ϊθǰһֻ˻˵УԷʬ˹ڣµڴʬʱ򣬾Ȼʬһߡ
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Ĳ㣬Ӧǵֵ֮ˡ俴޼һۣ˻ֵ̼֮޹ɣ
Ӣ޼еԼһֱ˿ͨ͸С
ֵͶЧʥšٵķϣԶһ۰ɡ
лɱ֮
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һЦһѦǲѶԸκ޾ξѶԸˡҪ֣ʥŸĴ̫󣬻ôţǵʵЩˣֹɱǴϢЩ˸ɱǣһ˻ųȥЩ߱Ȼֲ̿ЩʱţΪʥЩͬЩ̫ÿƣΪ룬ЩҲҹȻΥʥ
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ƭѦһɾ֮ˡ
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Ҷһ˿֮У̾ϣˡأСں޲ôұͱ
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ҶŴͨͨĥһ£ͬʱǿһԼ쵼롣һ磬ٲ٣λѹû֡
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أҶһǧϻһߵʵ
⡭ƽĴͽʵҲжһԱȻҶһȻʦҶķԸȫִУʱϢҲЩΪѣ֪ô˵źá
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һԵʵϣƵɫҪ£ϣƢȥܱҲˣô̱ԼҶǸɵļһռԼİŮ񡭡
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̩ûͻԭˮûͻ죬ȴҶΪ⡣
Ҳѹ֣ˮ鱨ƶԼƻϣ书Ǹûǰʱʱ̵̿Ŀ̿ϰ㼾ȰҲܸı佭ˮĳԣһˮ֡󡱾һԱ
ۼֶѾ;ƿݵĳ̶ȣʵԳȡһ˿һҶǽпЩһʣֵեôԵֵݡ
ҶʦʦһЩ׼֣ɽҲҪһֵļǷҲãҶڣЩ˸µӾ޴ĺô
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ˮ˽ۣһ̾ϢԸҵĲ²Ǵģ˶ڼȵΣյС

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ŭˮ쾨¬ϳɺ͸Ľζǲɶõ֣ԴɽĲ־һֽ£ȫ֣
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˵ûҵԳô
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һʱ䣬ұΪ⣬ǰжʧԵʧְдĴ
۹ǰͷ󺹣ȻЩ̵˵س޶ۣһǧȷش¬ϳ֪δ֮ǰĪǲ롭
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ǵãǵúǸΪˣûϷƾ¬ϳٿƣҲԲܶ֡
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ᣬЩ˿ԽԼԸصĺʮ궼һģвСչһ²ܵʱ򣬶ʮһգȻ֤ԼĲܣĻ

Ǹ˲Ļѵٰף
оâһڤȻ֪Ҫһˣ˵ض棬ǻתݳǡ



һ徰뻹Ǻƣ롣
յѪɱ¾̫˷ܣ˷֮ȻҸŮ˺ú÷һ£ɵĽȻƣ塣
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⵱ԽսͬڽɱһṦֵͼ˿ֵȺȺڷ￴ֲ´ľڳڵľʧ֮һԼǰȫģͰע˹ۿ˵ս֮ϡ
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гƫƫϼɽˡԪսʩչĽʱ򱻱Ӳƴ֮ڶϼơ
֮ǱѸֳһ˿ѪȻϻǮ۷ֵĶ֡
Σʱ̣ǶŮ͵һ䣬ݺӿߣĪҪΪ빫պΪ𡣡
˵֮ͻȻӻͳһذףԼȥ
ٿȻͷһץסذףʱѪֱ
ʱǮһлۼֵס͵سŮӹһߣ˵ڵأոӣһ˦ֶذףָŮһͣȵ˵ȻͲˣȴҪҹһô
ŮٿȻһ㶣һӡ˳ضᣬͻȻᶨ˵ã˵ģڿʼҾߣȥģҾȥġ
ƺûжﻰﻰ˼ֻһתԵС
ʱǮȻЦ벻벻ͷϷȻҪȫһԿԧ졣Ǯ޼ȵ˺ȵϷҪɱ޼ô˵
зһָĽ´ɭһЦǮϵĻȻʮϲСǣ֮ǰҲԸСһЩĶۡ
ãǾͲҪϷִݻˡ
Ǯһдꪣ֡
ڲһӲӣƿԵŮӣ磬һرǮɱ
һ˷ֿǷһָһ֣ǹ˹лᣬһָǴ׽Ůӻȥ
ڴʱһһ´߷еһര˳˻δǺȻըʱɫ̳Ʈ
Ǽ߶ܲ˲۾׵ذ
Ҳģ棬˭ôȱ£
ش˻ģһٸĴӷɫɫķ۳ը˲䲼˰֡
֮⣬ж˺ۺۣ
Щ˵Ȼ޹ֱӽǵߣһȴ谭ߡ
Ǯ»һʱˣֹ˳ͻϮԼ
Ծ̳ķΧԶԶļӰһŮӳһС
ǮһȺбЩķһָȵһָŮӱǼ޼ȵСӽˣõģǸ͹ȥɡ
һָһ㶣æʵȥδ
Ǯ˳һָǷһָһڹи֣ԾϷǸ˹ȥ
ǮЦһʲôӣʲôūţΪ˸Ůӣ˴󶯸ɸ֪꣬ν
̧ͷȥ۲ҳĽֵȴһü૵ףǸСӲǸȻܡϷˣôףϷǲӵһȥǱԹͣ㵹ùɣ
һ˵ֱֱ꣬س̳֮Уһ˳ȥ


095 

վڷϴԶԶؿҶϣʵ˴Ӵ˹˫֣ߣ
̩һ߼ܵ׼׵ֱƿݵż˸ϳ
ˮһķϾ䣬Ҷ˵ټ̩˵Ͼ͵׼·
ˮһֱĿǶֹʲô쳣ٶ
ʱΣҲûзʲô˵ľٶԽˮʮϵĴ䡣
ԶԶҶ˿ٱ˹ϣӣʱһ֪
죬ߣ
ԶҶ
δǰ˳ȥϣ˺͵һ٣ֱԾ˳֮Уӷ
һϳ̩һޣӾͳ˳ȥ
ôˣˮʵ
ϣ˦˦֣Թģˣ˹ȥСƤTMD󣬶˵ˣǱҧһڡ
СӾ飬ֱӰˣʵϳ˵
ϣȻŭҾôµģôƾʲôұ
˭Ҷ˵
ϣʵ
ʵЦʦ֡
ϣһתͷҶ
ҶֱӱȻһָϣʶһ㣬һ㶣ŭﲻ˵ԼŮŪģüһɫ⣬ϵҪ񣬻ˮ쵰
Ů˺ҪһԵʵʵȥˣŶǴϣĻͷ
ϣգգ۾˿ˣ˽ˮ
֮У侲ļһ˸еΡ
ˮ̾˿޼ŮˣȷҪûţ֪Ҳܶ࣬Ҳޡ
ϣŭʵһۣ˵ʦ㲻̭ˣô˵
ʵЦô˵ǲܼȣ
ǰУֱ⡣
ʱﶥһ̤׷޼ȵ
ƿһ̳ʮ߿ӱ޸
ͷһˣ޼ȵִ·һָ
һǰͷеˣǷһָȵǼλֵվסλ˴󹦣һȻͣλ˹ڣɳͷ졣
ֱʱǷһָΪҶͶ·ĺڵͶ޼ȵأʱѾΪ
ҵֵܶлִ³ŵ˵Σգҵȳ飡Ҷ
һָһ㶣ǣ޼ȿƿصķΧ˳ǳط׿ƾˡȵʹ˽ˣǣ
ʱۼڼžǰԶ̩Ƥޣƥ㷭ɣٳȥ
һָڸϵһ˿ԣæ촫ճţܳȥ
أءأ
óŽǣ˳ȥ
ǳͷ޼Ȩƣͨ˹ţֱڵӵģԱС֮м鲼ѾȻ޼ȵСС
һǽѿͷ۶ͺ߿׷ϵʿرճѾˣæբţբţ
ÿսĳУ˳֮⣬һӦǧբţͻϮ֮ʱ£ǿŵķ
СȻشأ޼ȿȫǣΪһ֮أСǴĸͰһ㣬բŸͨ죬ķѾ򣬹Ҫһ£ױ򿪲á
ǿ׳ľͷẒִ̌һ죬Ϸһصľ޴բŻ¡
բһʱ̩µѾ嵽˸ǰʮױҪ˳ȥբֻǷ֮һȫ޷赲ȥ

ŵĽҲһ֣һ߿ǰľ䣬Ǻһε֣˾͵سնȥ

һ죬ֱ۴ϸӦϣصբźȻ䡣
ʱ̩ŵŲʮףۼբ׹䣬ԼȻײբ֮ϣԲ˵Ҳᱻڳڡ
̩ŭһٿȻ׹բţشբֺֹ̩ϵһͬؽһ㣬˫һУ䣡
ǵբžǱӲؿ˼ϣۼ˹ۼҪײϣ̩ŭһһƣġ¶Ȼĳɹǵբ͵رʮףͷբŸײ˳¥ϵĶųһȻ죬¥Եػζһ¡
ʱբ·ж˲ȥ˰
բٴ䣬ĺ벿£̩Ҳϳǰֱ塣
բҪʱҶȻз˳ȥŶǽһ̤ӻһ𣬴һżһ
ӭբţؾһýţ
ǵصբͬеƤ򣬵ʱɶ𣬺Ȼײ˶ϵĳǽֱӷ˳¥
֮ǰһѾó¥޼ȵǵսľʱ͵һբű˶÷˳ʱЩͨŵƨĴӱܡ
¡һصբײƳǽ΢΢¶һ֮󣬽ٴ¡
ͬһʱ̣ǳͷϵĽҲһХӳͷһԾ£ųµ˹бĵͬһ£ٿȻ뵶ƾȻΪˣ˿֮ǰꪡǮһҪ
벻ССͷȻ˸֣
ȣϣʵ˫˫֣һâһֱǵâ
˾һĻٿȻ֣ǵһĵâȻƿֻһ벻ǰС
ϣʵһֻΧƣýԼסǵâ
̣Ħ˫֮ǹĽΪҡ
ϣʵ˺һס˶Էһ²ɵͬʱȻ
˵Ĺ֮Ǯ÷ֺȻǮ߶ȼУȳ˵۶ȼֱʮ
Ҳ˼еһ˺
˱䣬Զƴֱֻܽ뽫߶ȼڱ֮ϣжԿĿܡ
ʱסһڿУбٴλӻͷп࣬ҪٴηֵһߣԸ
ĿҶӶԷĳǶз˳Ӻˡ
һ
ʵߺһϣṦ͵һ٣ǰȥ
ߣ£
˵ĸбһڿһתʱâ䣬һɫڿţƮɣʮâʮ൶Ҷ
ף
ҶеĽˮͬʱһ
ˮ̽ͷеĵ͡
ҶһһƽɫٿȻ˫Ƽ˳Ƭ˲䱻ͷǡצ
Ҷ˫һƹ͵ԣٿһֽǶʮâӿл䡭
ͬʱɫҲâնƬ׷ɣ̷һٿȻȴ¶ҶΣֱֱصͺ֮䡣
Ҷ塪ʹӰ£ҧгݵд
ҶҲüͷһ壬ضŶԷЦһԭ㡭ͻˣ֪ǲǻóƺ㡮عǡϽһУʣû˰ɣ
ǵһӵͷ¶һſӣΪעĿһǻ˰̣ɢһĺ
һ棬ӫ£ƺ
ǵռɽġϽʮֵܡе壬ǵڵ̳һٵġعǡ
벻δλ־Ȼͻ죬ʵߵ˵ز
ʱҶ˵Ѿ˳ţ׹բŲûסǵȥ·߿׷ϵķһָ˳ڡ
ʱۺ졣
ʱһһңңԣսһ


096 Ϣ

¥ϵʾ𣬳ͷѾһš
ǽ֮⣬Ҷħź֮ңңԣԶȥͣ£ΣȴһսĽ
Ҫȥæôϣʵ
ˮҡҡͷǰڹԶֵʱʧܣ㶪ʱǼֵĶ֡ߣѧĳħطҲ
ϣ
ǵعǽϵؼж£˵ϣһȻһӣ˵еԲᡣ
ţе˼ǧ˰ɣҶʵ
ؼһǧٽЩſꡢϣϵĿ׶ѳһСɽףعǻϵİһŵֻҲٽء
ȫǧ˰ٽԴסħе䣬¡ħľǰ꣬ɡʼ׿׶û£ֻǱԽԽء˯Ҳδ¡Ҷ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ҶЦ˵ϣòΪұɣҿܳȻ˶Ϊһ֣˵ǲӦеɾ͸أҶָָعĳ¥ЦȻ书ܳƺе㲻̫
˵úãعĦһϵĵ̣Ҷҳϣû㣬ҲûҵĽ죡
ȷˡ
ΪҶ̼˵عǵĺʤ֮ģǱΪʧܣعܵħƲãȻ书ͻ죬Ҳٳħźġ
ʱ˵أһλ־Ȼֻ￴ţħеĵλһˡ
ô¼ڽȴְ޷ֽһ¸У벻㾹ȻߺߣĹˣҲˡ
ٷϻعǣɣһҪ·أ
عһͬµĵ棬һеԵӽϷ档
һ䣬ٿȻһתе˳ƺնһһâ£·ħʮһ㣬һкնҶ䡣
֮ʮ׵ľ룬ʧ
Ҷоâһ佣ʣâֱûʩչǼǿ˽ǿȣֱԿԷ۵һ

Ҷһ֮£Էѻûʮ׳󵶿ĵϵͬʱӰһһ򵥵ֱ̣ȴԼʹΪһбɱĽ
벻ҶڵٶȾȻﵽ˾磬ϷǰӰһȱѵǰֱѡ
ϷٿȻУд󵶣һڣͬʱһãǰ޴ĵâһͬһǽصȫλصסҶĴ̻е·Ҳһס
Ҷڵâ㣡

ͬкӴһ㣬Ϸ˶ĵâħ±
úãϷ汻һϴȻһ벻겻ԷṦøΪ죬ҲȻҪ֪ϷҹؼףħŵԭΪԼѾѹƶԷû뵽ҶǰһС
һ⼸굽ôģȻħŵ湦ѧҪ

ϷƲδʧȥģʱеͷϾҲһȴһգʱĴһҶĳûش
ϷЦһС
һϺ֮͵ؼݻҪѸݵգۼǶʮȦͬһ˲䣬âӳһٴţ겢δѳǻϷΧ

һŽܵĽ𣬶˲㽻ʮ¡
ҶӰٴڿգԷܼĵâȫסȫ£ҶѸ͡ƴȻûйƶԷķϷҲҶĽʮಽۼҪס
һХӳͷһ˲䳬ߡǿߴӳͷԾ£Ҷ˹

ҶСԾȻ֮㣬нһǹ֮ƣۼԷԮҪǰҶһҧĵʱӿ࣬ȫʩչң
ϷȫֿҶĽУȻǰҶ·ͻȻһ޴ĺڶһɿȻԼ⧲֮£Ȼǰ㵹Ȼ֮ȫѡ
䣡
һ죬ҶͻȻΪ֮Ϸ;ԼȻײǽϣľԼѵʱʹվȣ׵
Ҷչͬŵ̻ϷڿһȻΪٶ̫죬ûвϾнλá
ۼϷѪ쭷׵ԼļΪԷƿûдбҪʱԷԮѾ˽ǰ޻֣Ҷɵðһùˡ
ݣ
Ҷηڰ֮УָһƬɫ߷ɳϵǰĦŸ֡

ЩһϯɫĴͷεߣΪأȴΪӲʣʽһ֣ͬҶָ֮ͨµͭǮ˵ֵ֮࣬ƽͭǮ˻ƾȻֱ֣ҶϥǶֶ˾̾
ҶӷɵóķɷͭǮϴüͷһ壬ȺصħŸֻ±ΪġʮޡҪϢҲҶϤ

ħĸٴ¶ǵĿֵ֮ɴײһ֡˸ееĿ־塣
߸ߣ
ˮѾٴαУкҶ
ԶħŸ˻ٶȱһ࣬Ҷͽˮʩչֵַһ£Ҷȥ

ϷѨֹסϵѪҺ
ҶĽȷԼܹģҪǡħ֮һרصģֻԼղѾһʬ
ۼħŸֳԽԼ׷ȥϷͷкȻ֮ɫ
ЩϵζϤǴѪܵɱ¾ĸ֣ħƵеİɾ֮һ
ħֶͨΣǰŪ꣬ȫڡȻѪܵдڸɱֶΣɱѡγ߲ǧˣʤ߿ʧߵΪ֡
Щáĸ֣Ӵ󣬸Ժ壬Կԡ
һħսʿ֮Ƶзһϯȫŵλ䣬һĸּɱ¾ҪλüȫȺɱ˿ħռݣ׶εġһٵħǡ͡ʮޡҲȫһ飬Щħǡ͡ޡǣ޵ļ֮⣬ѲǵѡеλϣңѾ
ħžڵǣƵвкͬŵľٶΪҪľڵӶóħеְλԼҲ󡱼޵ķԸħڵְûиЩħܵ˺
ʱϷ濴ŴǰɹħŸ֣вɵðЩ˵ȷԼƴȫҲδػ䡣
ʱϷͻбһֱð·ʲôˮ޶סһ㣬Ȼתȴǿһˣɻ䣬ִһʥһڵĵӣֲΪûм㣿
ϷľȻתǰһɫ멣۾һӢ꣬ضϷһǰʩ񣬴ڵϷ棬
оâһ
أħڵҲ֪ݡ
ϷܵԷɱСĵشС֮ǰֵãġϵ
ܾ˵ܣʲôεġһвɵǰһ֮ľҳͻǸ󱲣һҪȸµǸͥԼԼƴű׽ѵҲܰνֳµˡ
ٴδǰ֮һۣߵ˵Ҳ㲻ܲΪħЧӽ߰ɣֻҪ˹ͣʹͣ
л
Ϸæͷͬʱдֹ

Ҷ˱ɽһɽ
طж֮ǰ¥ṩ˵֮أȨʧɢ֮ľۺϵص㡣λжᣬȻûкʹһж¥ṩϢҲյģֻҪ뿪һᵽＯϡ
ɽھӸ£ֻһʯɽ
ɽɽ·ΣͻڲïΪǣɽ·;ûдΣ¹ɽϣͺͺһƬɽҲױ˷֡
ںܾ֮ǰ㴦ãкۼѰ
ʯϣŮתֲǰļˣһмӵģ
˲Ƭ̱㵽⡣
ǰһ߸һ鷽ʯҲԶһɣ죬ڵأģʯԻʣУʱϥһʯ֮ϣԡѪֻǼ򵥵شһ£һ˵ģ
Ůһᣬһæ˹ȥǰԭֵɫǱסׯشһк
򸣣
۾òص˵ͷˣȴָԭе䵭
벻λǱһ
ϣһӢӢ۾֮󣬲֪δǵأ
ʱɽڸӦ¥߳˼ˣϵĸһһ£ͬʱǸϣӣϴˮѾ׼׵֪Ƿϴԡ
ϣһ㶣ʱϴʲô裿Ͻ׼Եġ
ǸæʳҲ׼׵λӷԸˮϴ衭˵ָָʯϵᣬһ
ʩʩȻվ׼ģ˰࣬νʳ˵껰ת˽ȥ
һĽ񱵽ҲĲˡ
Ǯôˣˮʵ
Ҵһڲõˡд˳
쵰ϣһһԵŮӣʵιŮڲǻ˰ɣϴ裬ȳԷ
ױδѾһݵ룬Ȼ˵ūҡлλ֮ūһǡϴɡ
ߣȻһУáϣŭת
˲ɵʧЦ

䣬ں
һĺ棬һµСԺӼʩӦоУʱ˾㷹֮󣬸ڴľͰϴ˸ˮ衣
Ҷոմûϴ·֮Ǽˮͳ࣬߸磬Ͽһ¡
Ҷϣʱ򣬷ʵѾ룬һسĬ
ʲôˣҶеһ˿æʵ
ˮָָһԵһλŮӣղ˵˼ôõϢħ֮Сд֣ȻһΪץһˡ
˭
һƷֹ
Ҷɫ˲úȻһתͷλＱʵȷô
ɫ࣬صͷ׶޼ܵ޹˵ġܵƺʲô£޼ӲŶһֱۡҲΪ£޼Ϲҵġ
˵ǹɫһ죬ͷ
ҶͻȻԼһһΣ֮Уʱ֪ôһ£пܹϵʧѦȳ֣͢ڵʵ׳ֻǲأ


097 ˰æ
µգ档
һõҹȴڶɹиԵ
ҹɫ£׷һŮһͤµˡ
¹£ʰ쵵ĻҲø
ʱڵľֻʣ׷һҹУӵλľȻؿǰĴ
ɹȵƺ֮ڱϣϰٸľ˹㳡ʬΪľ㣬ϷʪȣʬŲ㣬ֻû𻯡
ͬ׷ȵֻʮˣ׸٣ѻΪһǻҡ
ЩϤףڻбýݣ׷籯ȴһᶼ޷ʳ
ڵѪʲô
ɹҵԼһ
ԼȻԼ˶ˣʲôӢۺú
Ųһƽ̾Ϣһ׷󻺻˵ûзӵټ
˵ʲô׷ȻЩɫ
һƽ˵ûзѾͷټ²²⣬ǱɽǵĶߣνĴɱ顣Ƕ죬ܹڶԷ˺Ѿͷ֮ǰǾȻ
׷ٿȻǻûûҪ֣Ҫˡܴܴ
׷籸ܴ֮£жǿʱһƽϢ֮£ֵΪԼŮûһҪ֣Ǿȳ
壬죡
һƽڶɹеλ⣬׷Ҳƺһ塱ǶɹȱֵλߵԪϡ
һƽһ㶣ʵƽȡ
Ҫǣ׷ŭҪǣôĵɽ֮ƣҶɹô˴ѡ֣ǾǰףҲǣòǡ
׷籩ףһƽȰֻȥ

ʱ֮һƽƽһüͷڷУĬȻ
һƽ֪ͨˡޡֽ֮Ϣ֪ͨƽˡ
һƽǳ⣬Щ׵ʿΪ˶ɹȱߣ׷ʱ󻵣жɥʧΪֻ¶ɹȵĲ׾ͻᱻڵһɶΪ˴룬ΪСѾͷİȫ룬һƽҲԸ׷
ʱһƽĵģҲûа취˼ǣҲ̫֡
ʱƽĶԬ˼ٽ
ޡ
һ㶣벻ʱȻ
һƽվҲ̫ϲˣݱһµĺá
Ȼᷴԣһƽ֮˲ӭӣӭ˽
ǡޡʮĸݣһխֳͷʣ°泤ٳޣһĪ⣬˺ӡ󣬵һĵİ
λ֮ʱһֱƽȵĲּΪų⣬һֱԸܵԷĵ⣬ɴʱҹȴһͷˮ
ֱ⡣
׷ˣһƨһƽ֮ǰϣһڽеĲˮ̾Ϣԭ͵ľ׷ӣѣмƻ⿴͸һֱ붴ɹȽˣ׷׼ҡⳡӰ̫ˣɥʧж
˾ô
ѹҲû˷ʣֱӼ˵ϣڸղţ׷һ£ĲΪĳ֣ͻϮɽǴΪɹȱҲǳûŮ
δ𸴣ƽ̲סʵ
¼ðǲӦἤжʱٲǱȻĽĳӦҪⲻλһô
˻һۣǲ֪ν¡
ɽһ̫ͻȻǶҲû̫õİ취ȻΣ̸һ̸õİ취ǶǰȻʧţȻǵĻˡƽ̾Ϣ
λ֮ԣҵİ
ͻȻޱ˷ܣ˵Ȼλ̸Уʱ׷ĳи취׷簲ȵãɽǷһ
˼ԭųǶ˽ĺԸԼһɵöǴϲֽ׶Ҳܹ׷簲
ƽʵ
ȻɽǾս뵱ȻϢؽӽԷɹطûˣһȰ׷ȥһطŻλҲ棬ͬʱҵط̸С˼ʱ䣬Ƕ׷ƵƵȰʱиİƽȫ˵ͨġ
ƽȶһۣʱĵطʾеһ˿ġ
ҪȥȣصĵطһҪ֡Ͼϵ࣬˵β֪óȻԷŵĵص㣬һ⣬֪ôá
֮ӦԼĸطȽϺأƽʵ
룬¶յģ˵˵̫Զ˫ۼ֮أĳȴǲ졭ѡǼĵĵصΣ
ȷҪѡһҲĵĵص̸вźá
Ǿ֣ĵطʱ˶ĵأ
ǵطбȽɣûκεֵΡһȴȺƽͬʱһ
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ãһŴͬ⡣
̨Ǹ羰ǾݼΪι۹֮ءȻڵĺҲϰ䣬ȴһɣϰҲҪǿΪ
꼴ϯֵļγͻطҲһƬûκεɱ¾
ס־ʦǷһɮΪʵۻʸ½˵˾أǺڵͽҲ佲ƵҲϺΪ͡
̾¥Ȼ뷨̸֮ѡ⡣
˽£ɵɵЦ

ǱȻҪȵģôȡ⼸ˣӲħЦһôѦͷס꣬ȥҲ׸
ưɽеĻ֮ڣϣȷԣͬ˵
ǰϢݸʦǸٶ֣ʵ˵֮ԣƽʱҲΪ׵İ취
ˡˮ˵Զˮⲻ˽ʣСǾôĵطֹУò˶þͻᱻ˷ǵԮؿŹֹ˻ɱ˰ɡ
ˣǾֱӹ޼ȣϣݺݵ˵
ϣ˼ǵڷԮֹˡ
뷨ˣȻ֪ѦǱУҲȷħŵĸִڣǻԥʲôȫ޼һƷˡ
˼ҵĻѦôֶסͲʦҲݽȥôˮ飬ֱϣ硣
ǰѦһڰˣһھţ˼ҶܱסͲܱסô
ϣʱûƢټֵԮˡ
ʵ룬˵ֹںδ˽⣬ôˣ
һҪȣұ뾡֣
һֱĬҶüļᶨ˵ǲֹ֪ûϵûѰҹֹҲûϵЩħŻģֻҪħŵĶһֶԷҵֹ֣Ӳ
öǴΪȡ
̩ɻصǸħû⣬ô
һŪãҲһݽȥϣ֮Աǡ
ҪһǿԮҶ˵
ǻǵȴ
ҶǰĿͶᡣ
ɻĿⲻɵҲתᡣ
ʲʲô˼ϣĪʵ
һҶһۣҾҿɲұ֤ö
ҶЦص˵ͷ
ʲô˼ϣ𼸺Դϵͷȫ


098 뽫
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Ĵ󲮸
ɽʷɾΪǷһͣ񡱵ʮλȴΪܵǨɽ֮λʧܣɽȥڻɽ֮ϡ
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֮¼Ϊأֻɽ޵ļ֪оͰѡ
Ϊһľ֣ɽ˵غͰ֪ɵһ£֪ӵص㲢Ǽѵ顣
֮ǰ⽻¬䣬Ϊת
ǿУԶݣʱɽһС֮Уɵ֮
ǿУ䣬ҶǴλְֳæ˵ġ
ɽɽʵͬһɽ۲ξ֮ڣܲе·ͨС
һȻѲסָ֡
Ҷϣᣬʩչȫʱ䲻һһ㡣
ɽطһرһظߣҲһرһվ⵱Ȼܹ˷ȴһصľǰӢҲɵΪ̡֮
ǸֱֱҲ֪жҪǾϴݲȫûпʸĶ
˵¾סţʵšϣ̾һ
ҶЦѵĻҲһɣСƨɡȻˣҪȥţ֡
Ļȥһ֮󣬱㷭׹ȥ½׾֮ѳһ壬ұڣסΣ׹±вΡ
үһ仰а취ϣðɣɽʾظȥ
ҶҡͷʧЦȥ
ԽԽŨҰҲԽԽ̣ƶٶҲԽԽ
׹²׾룬Ȼûз֣ȴһԽԽĸоֱҲ˲ֲ̦֮ȻᵽһɿһǣĶԹ
ɽʱ䣬Ҷ˶ûкúõĳԹԭôöȴܲסĹ
ǹǣԼı⣬漴ú˷ܣӿٶȥ
Ƭ괩ǰȻʣǶֵף⡣
ֵ׺ȻһӴˮ̶ֱڣһٲеһȴ߶̶̵ֱڼŵһȱڣ̶ˮȱעȥԶƣȺɽС
ٲҲǳرǧ˿ɴһʯȻעˮ̶ڣȻˮˮȴ֮
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һɷǵСǰˮһʯϿ㣬ɿ͸ġ
طҲֱ˼ɾ
Ҷ䵽̶ֵߣΧϸһ飬ϣҲѾȫ˹ȥҶϣƲǱȥ
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˸ǰҶסϣǰ˾ڲԶȴ
Ͼɽ˵ڲ񣬸ļ£ڳЩ˵ˡ
һֱ޷Ӧᵽĸǰʩһ񣬻δ˵߷ʵɽ˵ĵӣ
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ߣǸ̫ž鷳̾ϢһȻѽĵӣǶȻһΪɫһˣҲȻ֪Ϸ˭ˣ
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Ȼ֪λ󲮵븸֮ì֪ܶһ
ֻЩʵ˵ڣжԷʦǲЩԥ
ʱعͷͷ߸ݹ׾ݣȻһƣû˿Ĳ֮У˫о䷴һ罣ĸо
Ȼɣʮλġɽ͡
Ͽغۼ˾һѱһԽĥ£ԽǷâ¶
ᡣ˵˵书ܹزҲɽ⼸ڴڽһ;ϲûи
˫´ᣬ۹еĳϣ۹ͻһԵʲô֣˭ĵӣ
вɵͻһ£еһ
᲻ֱԵֶᣬ󲮸
һ˲䣬һɺ˵͵شϱŷȻһᱻⷭɣҶϣҲǱ
ĸ㲮˭ֶϷⱲûˣѾȻǨĶӽܸңϺͿ
˵˻תʯ֮ڣһŹϡ
ﲻӭǣҹ
һ㶻æֶǡ

Ҷһβԣæǰ˵ǰҶǰʵΪһ¹´ĴҪǰԮ
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ѦڹУȥֶʲôƨ£
ҶɾǲӦҲûأֱӡ
ϣһɵöҶȵˣˡæȸˣ㿴ĸʲôҪĸ־ݴ̫ԶõõȣҲֲɽѡǨţ
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ʱϣѾ˿ڣȻֹͣ͵ǰȻĻΪ˵Ķʵ顣٣ǰȴӴ˵޶ãΪ֡
Ҷ⣬Ȱֵܶǰǰʿɽ֣߶űǵĲǡǻǾ촫Ϣ˰æɣ
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ѽͷֵλȤһףʲôأ
߾ߣ˭ϡڣ֮УϣתҪ뿪
ῴҶһۣ˼Ѿˡ
ʱҶȴͻȻһ˵֪ˣüʦǰˣɽ˫ʦǰȻȡʤ
һһɫҲÿ
½˵˫ҲĽǲ֪ôļһ˴ĿȻɽ˵彣Ҳǲضáߺߣɾ٣ܷڻδ֪֮СȻ۽˫δЩԲ
ҶһȻţͷǸգʲôԲ⽣һϵȷ˺
ʱϵҶ˵˼ԵŶɽ˵Ľ˵꿴һۣЦϧɽôûио
һʱͨ죬սʵֲͣز
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һΪ˶ıˣԼ¶ˡ
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һٿɫͨ죬ʣҶҲǰ಻ѣǸСӸǿ֮󶼲ɱͷ
ᱻһߣ̲ס˵ֶѧ䲻ΪóġԪսûѧᡭ
ɣͻȻһ񣬳Եֶ󲮸̸ֶ׽ʽֶһѪǰܡ
Ŷб۾˵ѧ⡾Ԫսʽߣ̣ǨĶӣȥ취ҡ
󲮡
̣˵̣ǲ̣
һҧͨһڵأ󲮣Ҹ֮ԩֶΪ۶Դֶһû˼ңֻһΣ
벻һ԰ᣬȻϹˣҶϣǳһ
Ҳû뵽ȻƵõһֶ¹ԼȻ丸ͣΪɽ˼Ҫ١
ԿĿɣɽ˥䵽زֻеһ˻ͣɽ˵ƲӣҲҪΪɽһ밡̵ӡԪսʽ
ڿ˵ȻԸúܡ
̾һ˵ĪҪˣҲ㡭
Ϊʲôʵںܲ
һ뺦㣡ɺ̾Ϣ
ң졣
ԪսʽϣڹΪܹյʽ࣬᲻㡣ʹѧʽûʲôҹձֻۣδѧɣѾһغ
ֶҲҪѧ˵úܼᶨ
ɺЦҪҡɽ彣ÿһŶǾ㲻⡾ԪսУƾĽҲԶԵУ˵˵ȥ㹦򲻵ҡ
ѽ彣졭
ǾӦоѷ
ܲס裬վǺॡһνʣһָҶȵҶĳٴֽɾУ
ð㾡չѧҪܴһӮˣ
ҶǳذνʣƵع˹ָ
һХշһնâͬϼգʵһƬȻ˹
Ҷһչâ׷ɣһУʮ߽
һԿͷϼɽġӦԪϼõõǲϧ⽣죬ȴǲԣӦϼ
һʹˣͬʱɽ彣ΪϤһ֮򣬳ҲӶͬ
ԭĽâʱͬϼһƮƮ
ҶЦһе˼
貨΢ʩչӰһУʱ볯ϼĸǷΧʩչΡӦԪϼҶٶױÿ


099 ǰ
һȣʱһ䣬͵һз֮˽ȣһб׷ҶһĿټ̣ʮâ˶ʮ˽
һŶ룬а׷ɽġԪ׽õҲǲսӦΪ죬ǸӹŰ
ʱҶת¾Ž޾仯ʮ˽ϤһסĽ˳һ˦Ʋסƣ˼һƫԱߵһʱâýһƬ
һΣ̲סһ㶣Ҷ
չģԼ彣ʩչҶҲΪһչоѧʼղһȫֵԷĽУͬʱҲԼԲϤ֮ʱӦ֮ܣҲС
Ľ仯Ī⣬ڣգ缱ԭ죻·ƣڣ絤ϼգ⻪죡
ὫԼѧʩչ˸Ҷ¼򵥵ȴЩ仯ĪĽɵؽ
ɵıòȻ
ȻҶʹĲɵ񽣣ǰˣѾﵽ˴ʦĵزƼ򵥵һȴܹȡ벻ЧʱҲﵽ˼ĵزÿһγǡôһ֣һ˷һڽѾﵽˡ򡱵ĵز
˽ǱԼҲضá
ɴʱףΪʲôԷˡ
ʵڲΪ̫ܣ̫ˡ
ŽͣҲһĽǸ̫׽ڵǬҲһϧѾʧʮˡ
ҶЩתսµĥӱΪһҲһŵ
ʱҶùʮ׷һľ
һǰͻһһ˹ȥ
ৡһȴϸڽϣϿڴ⻬羵һ£漲ȴһԵСʯݡ
Ҷ˫һŵ棬˲䵹˹ȥһסµɣһ˦֣ɻ˷Աߣͺ˷Ŵŵһ㡣
һʹɳԾ˾ˡܹƵ˵زҶȻǳ˿ɱȣţҲ֮ϡ
˽ȻȽڽ֮УͬһƵģҶ
νý쳣ҫŲâһһ
ˣסְɣͻȻԺֹĹ
ȫͶ룬δһ˽գһȥһǧ棬һ£
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´ҶһЦһߵͷ˵ãܺãѰ꣬벻վȻϢĵӣ𽭺ָտɴˡ
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ˣҶ˵ͬʱһָᣬҲ
Ŷ˵õ˭˵ɽǳ
˵Ҷ˵ʱ֮͢ѦĴ޼ȣֹѶǼȣպָָ㡣Ϊֺ󱲣֮ڽǰ棿³ۣҲмΪ

Ҷ۾һ˵ҵȻǳ־ԮǽҲȻһʱ˵أֳ֮աиǰǰɶɵ֮˺ˡôҶһۣЦһҿֻǿģó⣬ɽɵĽУ޷ĵӣȻ˵ǶţëҲô
ޣӶ壬ɽѵֻ䵱ͷڹôɶԼô⣬ȴάɽ˵һָᣬȥҲȥϷһȥǾȸ˳ôʲô˲˵øɽһϷȥˣ֮Ϸ֮ϷҪɵӽȺɽ˵ӵĽ
һΪҶЦش
һתݡ
ʱ˹촽䶯û˵Եͷл
ߣҲǸɵӡҶаǸҲǲ⼤̫֮֮ĸϵˣ¿ǨһϵʾҲȫ

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ݺὭãʴδй˵Ĵ
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ΨһһδȻΨһĶӣֱ˿̣֪󾿾
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֯ܣܵþһֻ֯ȴ˸ȱڣװȱڣҲ׵ȵʱֻǿյģ㲻飬Ҳȫ޼ֵ
ԸһҳȱȴҲ
ĺɫѽ٣ûȼƣÿ˶ѱ˺ڰӰÿ˶ȱڵˡ
ʬٰģСģ⣬ȴûһܻش
ûһϢôɱ
֮ǰյܹܵϢ˵ƽ˵ıѾصһȫĵطСҲһ𡣻үʬҲǡ
Ǹطʵ
Ą̊́£
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ظ۲ؿһۣôҪϢôûеԼǱ˴󻤷һ򲻹ռ鱨½֪
̨£ãܺã£˵
ӡ½غһΪʲôо
ͻȻ֮еǰȺȫĲģôΪصļ˶˵ֵûɡ
ڣϼֻһ˲ȫεġ
ٿȻ̧ͷ̵
ȥҷң

ȻңΪʲôȥҸףģ£һøл㣬㵱ĸԱȵɱҪٱ
컰˵ޱȣȴЩǱ˱ذϣͲûбϱסţתһ˿ֻܿôܡ
徰ųȻģò˶þͿԷˡ
Ϊʲôڣٰ֪ԼҸ
ʱδʱδ
TMDʲôƨʱŭ쳣ᡣ
ʲôʱ徰ʧһЦũʳ˷յʱȴʳڵô
ҡҡͷȴǲ˵ʲô˼
徰Ҳýͣ˿ߵɫԼôһ壬ǲУĹʵֻҲɡ

⴫һǵЦôҲɢȥ
źţݵǲ֮ǰõϢ
Ϣϵͳ£ٰףԼüֵûгٰ֮ǰڻͨ󴫵ܵϢ
ʱĴߣȻڤϵͳİ
ͨ롰Ѫɷڲĵ罣ڤһѴĵɱ֯Уģƣⷢ⣬Ϣȴǹˡ
벻¥ϵͳҲԼˡ
벻ǣ¾Ȼˡ
徰ؼʱ̵ĵ꣬ΪơΪı֤
պ̲ôˡ
ЦʲôͻȻһȴɵһ
ˣԶô겻ɢ
תݾɫĽˮ˵Ŷûʲôֻ˻ǻ߰壬̲סЦѡ
˵꣬ͷʾ⣬߽䡣
ˮڣ⿴һۣһƲЦǡ
ڡ
ץβˣ


100 ˳
һϷȰѡɽ͡ƭɽ˳лѧнҶеΪ⡣
һ·ɽÿпеʱɶǽ쵽֮أָ
˵ʵڻǶֶԴΪ͵ģһϲ˵ûɣԸִ֣һĻҲǷ
Ҷϣ߿һۣƽôһˣһѧ۷Ź⣬һлϤУ֮ѯʣ㱻ĹѪͷҲ˿ǵҹҲһˡһѽҸƫƧĵطڼϰ
ɽ֮·գѾԪսôˡ
ԵģҲ˵һɽ˵겻ѡ
ʵɽ˲һͳһĽɡʦüԱ仯ĪϼƷġԪ͡۶񹦡ڽ׽ڹ໥ϣޣ⹦һɴ𼶹һɣǰʮУٽռһϯ
ϧ׻ϵĽڹ̫ѣǺԲֻԳΪ֣԰ü˱㽫׽ڹֻ׽ڹȻǰȴͨҲɳΪһ֡
ʦԭЩɽպڵ֮ǳߣȻٽ⼸׹϶ΪһΪһ֣ȴû뵽Ϊķѣȴ˸֮ķѡ
ɽԵʮ˴ŵʱ򣬸֮以ȶΪԼɵĽڹߣһҾ硭
겻ѣҶ̾ԭĹŽͬһĪǻɽභ汾ô
һȶ˴룬ɽԪˣͬʱٽڹʹʧдĵʹ˼ʹʣĽڹԷչ꣬γ彣һڹ
֪һ㣬Ҳû뵽Եɾˣͬʱ¶һ˿âʵȻˣɽ彣ȫԺ϶Ϊһඣ
ȷˡû͵ԭġԪжʮʽĽֻʣʮ壬ϼɽ֮⣬ÿн
һ㶣׷ʵ˵С
ҴġԪսУǡԪľɶᵭ˵׵ġԪսʵǽн򻯵ĽСΪȫ彣ʵֻѧЩƤëÿ嶼иûд㣡
ʲôû׽Уϣ𷢳ʣЩɵۡ
ǽڹķ˵ϼɽඣҶʵ
ɵͷӦǣ˵ҲǱѡԽ彣ڹº϶ΪһѡʮеġԪͲȱġ۶񹦡ĳоʮ꣬ȡϵϧܽ׽ڹȫָԭӣѳɴ
˫۷⣬æ׷ʵô˵󲮸ǽɽ书ľһඣ
ЦһСӷģֻҪֵеϢҾͽ⽣ڹϤڸ㡣Ҫ֪⽣ȱʧмۡľˮ֮ڹȱʧĹֻʣľ޷ãʼ޷ɡˡ仯ȻԽԪȫӳ
Ϸרʮ꣬Ҳֻǽһ༶ƷԹԸԭľڽڹġػѡ
һ˵󲮸ҲûáԪˡ
˲ûзϡ
һ̾ѵûİ취ȣ
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󲮸ң࣬ҲҪԪɡ
Ψһİ취ȥѧԵڹ
ŶЩס
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оãȷ¼ܹɽڹڹķ¼ֻħڵġħľƵСתħеڹܹŹΪħŶڹõΪףϰħڳΪֹУʿΪģ
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̾һɽǰ߻ѧڹǽľ⣬Ҳ½Ҿȥ̽ѰһҲҪɽĵĹѰ
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ȥءϣһȻ
ɫһ˵˼ǰϷҲֻ˵زˡɽλҲܹϷһƬ˰ɡ
ĬҲ֪ʲô
ɽֵҲһǰɽ͵֮ͷҲһݣҵȥߣܷһرʧķ
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ڷŲһ٣׷ʵʲô
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̾Ϣһ߶߶Ҷʧǵӣͷɵð̾ϣСӲźá

һ֮󣬻˽ˮˣҶһٴλص˱޼ȿƵСǡ
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⼸ճʲô仯ûУҶʡ
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ֹˣԴسǲ̫ʵױҲ̫һЩ˵֮ãûб޼ҳ˵Ȼ˽Ӧ
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Ŷ⵹мƹ˵ͷ¥ң̫̫ûˣʱ䣬ʱȻǣгмڳڸһʲôʽȺҲǣһϷӣڳ껨¥ǰ㳡˼ĴϷҲ˼̵룬˶ȥ֮ʱҲǶʮ˳ǡ
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Ҷ̩ˮĸһ㳡ϣɽ˺ȥǳϷʱһ۾Ϳ׼ǰϷϷϣһʮľװڱᦣǱѮŮӣһʮСӱǹ̺һòʮ߰СѾͷһ˫
бݼΪʣսкʱͭǮ볡ڣҡ
һôһˣҶһ㶣ŵһЦ˸缸ҵˡ
˲쿴Ҷ
ҶȴȻһЦ˵ߣҸطԵ㶫ҴʶһϷӵĵҵġ

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ĿΰĴնӡӣǡĺ󡱵ĸ߼¼£һռ鱨̽Ϣ
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벻ʱ꣬˫֮ĵطмһ죬겻ѡ
ԡĺܹ֮ͬ͢ϵʣֹزĵطܹգȻǳ
Ϸնһʰ³֮ҶˣԱĿλΰ󺺡
ͻȻ˽٣նĴϲæһӴҶ˵˺̨˵ż˳Ҷдл
Ҷæǫõ磬Ѿл飬֮䲻ˡ
ǴжкԵСʦȫŶһ֮һѱЩҪġ
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򵥵ʺ˼䣬Ҷһһ֮ҶףôСǶأ
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ʱǶкŮŲˮϣԭʮѾͷøˣŮ壬͸ų󼰵ĽϢȻû÷ѩȻǰľɫҲʤȴνŮˡ
ҲúƯ˰
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кЩɵæתƻ⣬ʵ֪˵ƫԶСν£
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кɫȻ˵ȴЩԾϡϾ¹ϵشãԷԼһҵĴˣҲ׵жϡ
ˮԱ˵Īħˣֱɱˣµġ
˵ĪɣѦǰֲøֹһۣס
ǰλ˵û˵
кŭŮһۣɫͨصͷ͵͵һۣȴԷ˹صͷлɵøǳͷ
ǰ϶ǲẦǵġ޴ʱΣɵҲȰ
ðɣĳȥȥ
кһתȥ
δʱǶкһ˷֮ɫػת˹ԭĽȫһ񣬼Ȼû˵Ҫλһ棬ǰ


101 к
˼λصֹʱ򣬲ɵñһ
ǼѾķˣȫȫֻ߻һƤôصʧһʳ֢ڵĻߣʱпܸһ£ʹ˹ҵ
λ˫еľȴǼΪʢʾ弫Ƶʢ
ʱǹֹһ˫ɽ´һҶǺЦѦҶһȻ
˾ؿԼģֹɵЦλصģɵȶ񹦡ͨڵľֲƣ˹֮ʱȫǽ״̬ѱ
˲ɵûȻҶ˵Щһɽׯġι
ֹɫٿȻѿһ̾ʵŹͬһţһɽׯġιǱɵġȶ񹦡Ľűһĸ󻼣ڽܵʱŴл֮ʱĽԭлֱҪŵ񹦿ھûа취ֻһۡʱϱһǵġιȴ֪ԭбŵġȶ񹦡ˡ
û뵽Լ˵Ļȴôһνš
ĽİԵҶжţЮͼϷ룬Ҳ˲ٵвɵӲôԹ
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ȷʵˡãڲӰ챾ٵʵսȴвˡ
Ҷæӻͳһƿҩ˹ȥˣʱɵҩŻ¶衯ڲ巽жЧЦɡ
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ֹһµɽ˵µĲһ񣬱ʥ֮ʱҲȻϵҳ͢ɶշ۲꣬ҲŹɵĲ˵ҶͶħŵ飬ʦҲŹġٺ٣͢Թ˵ȣʮַĵġ
Ҷ˲ɵõͷ

ʱ˺õǱʲô֤ü¼Ҫġ
ǰڳֱ͢Χ֮£ҵѾжţҵͨ;Ϣ˳ȥԺָԮѦϵˡ
Ҷ˽ܸ˹ֹͬʱԼϣˣѴʱԵ˵һ顣
ֹƽȵ֮˷쳣ȵ¸֣ɽ˳֮⣬ʮֵɫǴΪ
˲źãЩǿԮҵڿħѪծѪˣֹ˵
ֻҶ΢һ֣ʱ˵صɣû˵ڡ
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ǰطڳʹãԼһȻ̫þȫһͻ¼ֶûС
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ˮʱԵˣڳħܲҵţ˵ĴѾй¶ȴԮ²ϲߣǻǾ뿪ĺá
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˺Ȼɫ벻ʥžȻһֱ㶯˸֮ˣµľĿɼһߡ
̩ˮ˶ðʱһڣһðƺֳԼƵķΧ
˵УɫΨһľҶԷ˵֮ʱҶѾȷ˶ԷλãԷݶҶתѾ˶Է
ֻҶûеһʱ䶯֣ĴһŸкԷƵĻᣬ׼ʱȥ
кףתСԺ
ΟȴЦһɶкȥЦһ˵̶е˼
ǰȻһЦҶһۣ˵Уֻ͸Ȼʵǰм˴ȥΪǹҶȥأԭȴײزֽǼˣǰɣ
۾ɨˣڶԷ£ǰ˸£оԼ񱻶һһ㣬˼
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񾭲̲סһ
ҶȴһЦõɫһǰµҪжٽ֪Οû
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˵УֻҶ书Ϊˮȼ侲ﶼһֽäĿκͳݣܾû򲻵Ҳû顣
ʱԽսΟߣܹһսȡʤʿȻץסΟߣΪв˼а취ӳ졣
Ҷһ仰֮ΟҲһ㶣ſȻЦʲôƾҲսõúܣְɣֻҪܹһأұ֤治ǳȥ
ǰ׳գ
Ҷϡһγ佣һӰԾݶȻѸݣҲ޳֮
Οе֮鲻ƣ˸ֵǺͶԷľǺϣûһ˿һĳ֮
ΟԼõıûаǳֱָۣ׼ӭͷһҶµһѵ
Ο߳ɽãűֺҲӰ˵ץ֮£ȻҪҲ϶òһԳ֡
ˣ
֪ҲùǣһΣĻҶ
Ҷ޻εṦ֣Ο˲俴ԼĶ֣۹˲䣬ûгֵĻᣬҶڰУ˫һ㣬һǰͻȻը̻һԭһӰΪʮӰ
һ˲䣬ҶȻ貨΢׵õĲݡڰתͬʱáңչδ߱ٶȣһֱ䲻سΟ߷˹ȥ


102 ɱΧ
Ȼı仯Ο߾ɳȻһѵȴڴʱá
ΟָӣɫĽͬһǰ͵һ裬һʱ֮䣬գͬһɫ֯ҶʮӰ
֮䣬ʮӰ
һ˿ЦΟǣ˿Цϡ
ΪʮӰȻһΟǰȻһգȴȻҶΣв֮ʱĴһĽϮ壬ΟߴһҲ˲ơ
ڣ
һ²˺ѵ죬Ο߸еԼ߼䣬һһɾʹϮѪĽ
ˮ˶ʱ
ôܣ
뷨ͬʱҶΟߵĵס
ҶԭΪһʧһͬʱҲȷǴеĶԷıѴȻԷ㣬ԼĹȣԿԴĶֻû뵽ԷƤϾȻһϸƬͬߡ
Լɱһڴ͸ԷĻ֮󣬴̻ڶԷϣȻֻһѪۣȻƬ׷ɣЩֻƤˣδص˺
ͬԾΟǴΪԼġ߼񹦡ȻԷһƼѪֱǲ顣
Οɽ֮ǰʦʥֱԣڡ߼񹦡һġ龳ֶƵָͨĻ޷ƣɱָ
ָȻԼɽ֮Ρ
һ½֡Ļ壬һǴʱˡ
˭ʲô֣
Ο𾪣֪ԷȫʵȡԼͬʱҲٲдҶһɢ⻪ͬʱΟǺһν֣𰵽ɫĽâͬһֻ˽ɫ̵Ĵ⬣ӭҶͬһ콣⡣

밵ڿвͣĽҶ´ƬĽ㽵٣˱Ο߽µĽ֮⣬дĽݶ֮ϣΟߵһƬ̳άɲǹ򣬺¡һ죬ݶɸӣΟߺҶɿڣƬ̳Ŵɢ
ֻŽƿպͱ֮⣬ȴʲô޷
ʱֹ̩ˮڷ֮⣬һſ˵ʣݽţϸս
Ϸеĺͳ֣͢ҲѾϣʱ̲ס̽ͷ̽ԣӵСԺԺǽ֮⣬ԺڴԣղתŷھĶǵ
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ٿȻӰɳ̳ķ棬һվСԺС
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Οߣʼĺ󱳵һۣϲκƣɫ԰ֽűҲѡ
ԹսĹֹͻɽ˶һۣƳԷڵ𺧡
ħ֮һΟߣ书֮ǿֻ¹ֹȫʢ֮ʱҲӲ¶ԷʮУԭֵʱ򣬹ֹѾһƬ֪벻Ҷһ֣ƾȻ˺ˣȻħ֮һԺ·磬һʼĳ䲻⣬һֱսѹŶ֣˿ĴϢ֮
ʱҲóҶֻЩƤˣΟȴƺǳʲôսЩѡ
֮ҶʱȻ׷Οţֻŵ̬ƣȫѹΟߣʵǴϣҶѾȫѹס˶ԷڶԷ²սʤӡ
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ҶһȻ죬ȻЦ²һʱҰˣΟǷ˵㻰и㣬ҵȥأ
ΟתҶϣȻȵ䣬ȴЩ˰ɣ
Ŷ벻սġƴŰѨˣֻʣС룬δ̫СҶĳˡҶбǰӽϻ쳣ضŶ֣ҪСģΪӣԸħ֮ˣǲģ㲻ҪСźã
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ΟٿȻһЦȴǣƣѪȻ˵Ҷԭ㣬ŹĴ㲻ǣʥҲȥġںˣЩҷǵ˶Ͷһܡ
Ҷվֱ˫Ŀ¶һЦЦݸ̫ˣδ˭֪ʤ
Ο߹һЦһгңָҶ̫Сʥе񹦾ˣռȻҾǿʥŵĻ󷨡
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ҶһδüӦͻȻһӰɫĽճֱӵҶĽϡ
һɴϮҶ󷭷ɣغһŵر鶢ǰ֮ˡ
Ο߾Ȼһɲ֮䣬ȫָⲻǿʲô񹦾ѹƣҶָܵһУȫһûܹ˵ˣոǸ˵Ο߾ͺûгֹһ㡣
ΟͷһȻЦôҶ⡾󷨡Ƿֵһأ
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ֱͲܴﵽĳ̶ȣֱ
ֻнˮüͷ壬һ°򤣬¶˳˼ı顣
˱ΟһŵþҺҶ־׿ԶôǿĶ֣ۼô˼ΣӲ٣ڶݵľ֮ʱн롰ֹˮľ磬ͬʱӿ޾Ķ־ȵװŪһ㣬ٴ㣬ҵҪСмѪģ
һ㶣ҶѾһȣΟߣֱ佣ʹ¾Žľ׳·񹥶ȥһһĹ磬ȫûֵƴ
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ŴʮսͬʱźҶơ
Ο¶һĨЦǰĸ߶ȣǽֱָҶһ䣬⳯죬ɫٴι⽣ҫͬʱԽΪԲģʱͻȻһԲ
ٿȻ֮䣬ɫĽǰγһвɵĹ֡
ҶתȫΟҲ˾ȫ
ͨոյĽΟ޷ԼĽƽҶǱĪ⡢ʤĽ㣬ȻҪٴαֽȫһӲƴر⡣˫ɽĸߵͽֱӵĶԿ
ΟţԷٽԸһ̶ϣԲԼĶ֡
ԼԺƵġ
Ҷ͵ƣʱ˲ظокһӣֹɽ̩ҡźС
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ǲҶǷǵĵ飬Ҷһ˵塢θС
ֻǵģħŽķӦΪ˴˵֮⣬ƺӰһǿѹȸУصѹͷ
ʱҶΟֻʮһӼطХп߽ȫ˹ȥͻȻȳָ֮ͨһͭǮʯһطȼտĻ棬ΟеĽ֡
ֳȴʹһ·ϸĽһŽȫҪ׼ӭΟߵһС
УһӰָǣˣͬʱɫĹͬǹɨһԷһ˳һְɫĽ֣ͬһһ㽫йɡ
Ѹٽӽ

˺ֹɲǣ⾫׼Ĵһ
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ѱͬʱԳΟеıѳ飬±ŷɡ
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ҶϸܵĽγɼȼеĽ㣬к£Ο߻ûһƤó鲼Ƭ׷֮£Ο߲ҽһֱǽȥͬʱѪꡣ
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ˣҶȻɫΟӶݶȥΣΟٴʧ֪֮ǰɻ
Ο˵㻰Բٳǡ˵ǷΟߵķԸͷܹܵˣ
ޣȻˣ
ˮֱӴӻͳһƿ赨ɢһԵصҶĴ˿ϣɾؽ˿ֹѪøɾס˿ڣ˿ڰá
һ׶ֻ̼ɣҶٿȻԾ˶ҽţеӰ죬ȴ޴󰭡
û˵͹ͷ
Ҷ˻һ䣬δѯ״ѾһƬɱ֮
͢ξͷĿɽ֪ѾԷ֣ڴȡʱΪҶˣҳȥǡ
̩ȵҺһȥ
ˮȵûʱˣȥ
͢ڶһ㶣뿴ٽġֹ
ֹҲɫŭȵСֵ˵ûǽƣһɱȥܷúȥǻĻͿɴˡ
һȻֹҲ˵Ȼ֪ƵնʵԸӵĳ̶ȡ
γ󵶣ȵ׳ʿжվĳս෢ҪǸʹۡ
еʸӳҡ
ϵսˡ
ԭĳ͢ĺˮ˻޲Ѫˡ
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ˮ򵥵һãγһȹ̵ͻͣ޲̾ĵϺ׼ȷ֡
ҶХһ˼ȵƣȴͷ˳ȥ

ԭҶѰ֮ʱַǷɽ˺ĳϣʱѾһƬȷѪꡣ
ĺֲʮˣϷӶǳ͢͢ξҲʮˣһ˲ʮڣڻɽ¡ͭ͡ﵡ޵·޼ȷֵĳ
˶֣Կ޼һȻɱú䤱ʱɥΣա
޼ȵǰɱһˣֻ󵶣ϣɫ𺣬ɱ飬޼޼׵ܵܣùֹӳ޹
ʱ޹ɱӯأһΪҪԼһʱùֹǸϻ쵰ѣԼһֱۡ
Լܴ˴ˣһʱˣɵøŭ죬ֹ
˶һ¥ϣȸվߴĿԶԱߣһϣȻƷ裬̬
ΟǸûȡȻˣʥŵǲȸ˽ɺսۣ˵
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ŶȸɻػͷһۣŻȻҡͷЦ
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˵ҲǡСɵҪǲġǸ޹²࣬Ūôû֣ͱˣ
˵һ֣ԶӰȥ

ĺ͢ξȻ٣ƽ书ǲף޼ȵͨڼֱ̫ࡣϾΪһ̽⹦򲻺ãӱ׷ٶҪ֡书⣬ûлִ
ͻȻ޼ȵİڣЩ˽Ҳ׼зһ˲жϮʮ֣ŽֵܼĵȺǺݺ䣬ȳ嵽ǰ޹ʮ֮⣬󲿷һʱʱʱ衣
޹˱˵ΧɱȻԼֵ书ˣɱ˲ٳ͢ĺĸ֣޹£ȴ˲أò˶ñɱΧ֮ƣ޹һʱ֮䣬ɵǴΪڣԼ֮»ðյͻ
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ҽ֮Уʦ޹ʣ˹¼ҹˣۼ׹һɵ⡣
ʱȸɳͻȻܶɱļ룬ʱʹסֵʮַӦս
ֻħŸԶ޼ȵİһӴǿ
ݶĹǵУǱȵ³ȥ
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һͭһָצŶʮһ֣ĺͳ͢ɱԹ˲Ͼֻʴ֮ʱ෿ԾӲΧס޹Ⱥ֮Уʱս޹˳ͬʱѳ͢ĺ䡣
һʱ䳯͢ĺݽȫ޻֮İ
սãʱԱĵɣȸԳϤĴ֮磬ҲѹħŻίΡ
֮£ƺڳı滮ٵָӡ
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б佣һһ˽Ѫ׷ɣ֮ʺѪ˿ȻأҶ̧һ߷ɣʬײȺУײɱħź֡
â֮УһƬѪɣҶһһոճɱħŸֱеʮˣнˣʬ׷׵⣬ԭܵħŸײҳһš
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˾ǰ˾ȻŽȴʹӲƴĵУȻֲԷӲƴھҶһпգǿ֪ԷҪԼȶھ޿ɶ㣬Ѫ

켸ͬʱ
λħǽͬ𣬹߽⣬ܿƵسżȺ׵
¡һһȺĦŸͳͳ˹غ«׵ļ˸ǹǶϽۣи˱ײ
ع󡱶һͷۻδѣ͵һӴ·ס˲ӣͻȻ˻ȥ
˺ȻУĽʺѪ̼䶪
ԭϹȴֻ嵽һ޹һȻˣһɾ米ϮδüؿһʹȴǱҶһ߷ˡعǡͭͭ羢һ㣬޹ĺģεضķ֮ϡ
޹Ҷϵܣɱúãֹ벻ոտ޹УδڶԷ㶪ɵ˷ܵ۴С


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µƹᣬԶˣⲫѪս֮Уֱ׺Ĵɱ֮ʲôʤ
ҵõ˾ͽָ㣬ʵ޻Ƽ򵥵ĵȴһޱȲҺȻƣ֮ڡãۻ룬ԴԴ˥ߣƾűʤȻһʱ֮䣬֮Ҷƣǲضá
һǽˮ֮ǰΪ˸ṩ㹻Ҷץ˸ɾʹû㹻ˮˮʵǴں۷ľ硣
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һʱ䣬ǰɱ޼ȵǱӴܣʼ˿ɰǵĳ
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Ҷɱ͸ǰһգٿȻǰһԵ̧ͷԶԶ޼Ѿһ˶Ѵϸͷβ߽عԼɱ˹
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ǰǰһֻͭ࣬׳ȴͺʣͷȴǸǵǽϣҪҶСĿͷӡ
ĿͷӵɱҶƹҪǡޡ֮һı֣ܳʱٷְȡҶʱʱ䣬ȻҶ;ףĿͷӾⲻĹ֮Ҷͳɳ֡
ֱΪ޼Ȳ廨ͷĸ֣ЩͷѪʮĶͲŹʸ
УһҶ˹ȥ
һХĿͷӿȵСϵķ񣿡
һֻͭһ㳯ǰҶȥͬʱ˫ӣ˫ͭٴ׷ŷȥһͭٴУһۣٶټӣԾͷҶ
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ʱ˫һ֣ϵʱ˿¶֮ʤй⻬˵޳ȣԲߣգʱٲ֮ء
һ˵неȫӭȥʣµܲ˵ǰ棬֪ԼԽվҶ͹ֹ˱ԽսȥҲԽ
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СӵҶɽҶһսʩչȫҲûȡʤ㶪ǽˮݷѵҶ仯ĪĽսʵûףŲԿȥɱ¾Ҷѳ
ʱҶĿͷӸոսһ
Ŀͷȫһ£ûϵ֮ǰһֱһȻڴʱһգҶһ֮½ĿͷӵٿȻȥ
Ҷб佣һ棬ٴε𣬾ȻĿͷӵ´ȥ
Ҷ˲䵽ĿͷҲ룬кһ˦һƬƹ⳯ڶĸַ˹ȥ֡컨꡿İַҶΧ弼ܵ㵽߲ѧֶΣһʩչʱʹãԻˣȺֵж϶ѡ
һҶͣЪб佣һڣóǧٵӰȺС
ٿȻڶ֣׷װڿƣͬʱ޲ȻҶʹ˾ĵطǾ캧صĸǹĪսֶΣʹȫһʲô


105 ħ¯
ҶһͭǮ˹ȥȺ׵ǰһλòͷ׷ǹͣһгǹǹǧ⣬ǹƺһչչǰľ룬ͬһŵľջĹͳͳ

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Ҷ΢΢¶ЦеǧâĿ꣬Ŵ˴
ǹһа˵ȻԼֲҲҪӲƴҶԷɱӣսŨʢԼʵӲ档ΣĪùâȡƣǰϲߡ
뵽˴ǹͿһˡ
֪ԵˣȻûһ˲ǺͬһоһΪҶ壬ҪǣЩһɲǼ䶼еҶӰ֮䣬ԼΪ󣬶ʱһ˱ܡ
ڴɼҶĸ;ʵ鳬׵ͬһʱʹֶеԼΨһĿ꣬׷ײȡơ
ҶһߵУȺ׶ͬʱԼ˴󵱣
飬飡
죬֮ƹͣײ˱ǽڣȥ
ҶһЦȺɫͨ죬һʱ仹δٴγǰҶһѾܵһ֡
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ʱĿͷӴҶԾһʱԼγɼй֮ƣеɵһ׳㣺Ϣʱѡ
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ˣ˵ʹһö衱Լһɳ죬һء
뵽˴밵һҧȴ뷨ɫԼǰһɫĴһУȫأͼҶڴ˵ء
ĿͷȻϣͭྡྷƼ٣Ѹ͵ɱ
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Ҷ˫֣ϼ´罣·
Ҷġ߾ʩչ߽󡿣൱ʮĸҶͬʱԵУֻǵԵ޷ȡʤʮĸҶ빥ȺȻܹأ
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Զս֮ȸɵúȻʧԭһȻ룬ҲǾ֣ڵվ֪ԼײĸΡ
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ʱ˵أΟߺҲΧͶЧħŵĸ֣ȸϵֱħŸ֣ڵġʮ˵ɷڵġŴڵġϷޡ
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ȴϡؿǡˣδǿǰһȴһԵġƽǡһӵǡؿǡһЦٿȻǧ˫ֳס޵֡ҽţǡƽǡҲȤسס޵š
޸ϵãѾ˫һ͵һ
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ʱԵɵԭΪħŵҪ㾹ȻǰǺ󷽣͸һϢ֮
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ʱܹչ¯ϡѵãȺħǽҪעͬŵϣʱһͬŵ¯ܲ˷Ī


106 
¯ͻȻֱ֣ϵڱڱġл᲻ðŹҵΣգٴνһ
ͬһʱ䣬ʮɷͬʱԼĶ֣̩͵س˹ȥ
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ڵļᡰ¯סһ
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˶ʱȻЦȴѵϵķһָɫͨ죬ذؽкͣκƲֻǰϵزͣ


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δж֮ʱҶѾһȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ˮҲٿȻͬʱȵǵˣȥԮ

ҶƼ죬ԵľԺɿȥ
Ҷ˻̼Ϊ˶鵱УɼΪϤϢͨıŷϳ˶Էݡ
⼸ϤӰʱΧݲҶһ˿һԥ
ͬģˮҲиܵϤֵܼͨʶߵĸоȫ˵
ʱɽ£ѾҳһţƬ۲һ㱻۶ϵأһʮɫֹۣߣΧһ˵Ķ顣
Щּ䲻ΧڵˣռƣڵĸָǳȻڶԷ͵ĹµֿסżзƵΧһæҡ
Ȼ䣬һ𣺡ٵأ
Ⱥһɺɫı緢һͷͬһ㣬ݣһǺɨ˶εĽɫͬâһ㱬׵У۸ϱҵϻɫĻʵʣбҲŷǿҵϢͬʱֵеıһ
˱ٿȻƳȥ࣬ͬʱѪ׵ȴɹס˴еĿ񱩹ˣ
ͬһʱ䣬ǴĹʮϧڴгҵĽ֮޼˿
ֱħӣȻٳһȣ
иոԾٿȻһȴϸĴɫɨŴеĽŵװ壬ɨǰվȵĻ۸֡
һ߳ȺӰԾǰͬʱͬһɨԼУɫľϮ˰ɫȵɨЩ۸ֵʱЩϵĻӲĥĵ˺һ㣬ԼƬ̣Щ˻ƣˡ
ˣ⣡бŭȵ
ʱһɫӰ뱻ΧֵУбӣ볯˳˹ȥ˫˲以ʮ֣͵Ϯ֮ǰԮ֮ǰһԾ˻۸֮У䲻
ҶôϲôҲˣ
ҶοǰУͬʱȵ缸ˣ
ǼΧҶУ绨СԴޣԼֵܣвҲһа˾Ȼڡĺ㣬һһʿĴ磬ż򣬵ŸݣһһʿûгʣôȤؿں绨ﶯ֡
壡
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ǰҶͨ¥Ǵ֧ԮϢ绨˸֧Ԯ֮УûϵںĺҲӡʥء˻ͬеľȻʿ
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ħŸ֣ȻΟߺĶʮǡ
Ο֮ǰҶ£ˣû뵽һգ۹ǻָΪһѩǰܣԴӹҶˣû뵽·ϾȻôһȺ֣˫һ֣Ο߱ܵȺ˵ڲͬ
ֵĲˣѾܹͨӵˡǸеĹΪˣҪǶʮһսӦԣͱԷɱˣµǣеķȻΟЩԾֻԼȫ֣пƿԷķĽҲöԷԶĿǸýСӣһ־ȻǴ˵Сһ⺮վݡĳܲΟߺȻء
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ħŵˣˣ
ҶһΣڿһٿȻ㵽ȺħͷһȥǿľŷһһȴǲȺеΟߣ벻Ҷ۹ôȻȺһ۱㿴Լڡ
ΟһΧȺħֻѹΟߵϣΟ͵һǣгһãɨҶĽ
䣡
ҶֻеһɴϮ岻ܿƵرɨ˳ȥɾ룬ѱء
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һΟµĸַ׷ױɣ¶һƬյأҶȻء
Ҷһ٣ٴγºعħŸ֡
ͬʱ绨ڵˣɫһ䣬γħսһʿ壬ҲǳһֱĵâٿȻ㵽Οߵǰ
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ɱ绨˷ܵرһŴȣٴγɱ˹ȥ


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ʵ绨ڡΟ߲ضãаѷĺٴ֮Դ޵ʵȡ˾ǿ
ΟΪ׵Ķʮǹʵޱʤգ绨ˣڹǿҲбƷһյʱ
ֻ˫֮ͽֶ̫ͻȻٴ˼̽˼δȫԲսƼңʵмء
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ۼħ˳˵йоأĶԷкԮ׷ȥ룬ҶȵΟҶĳˡ
кˣ۷ɽ
ߣʹ죬û㱾ˣôһս绨ŴͷЩź˵ϧЩħƤ񣬱ȽѿУ
ոյĳͻУֻںһĺаֻ˶֣ԴѹûܸԷκ˺
Ⱥ˵ʲôˣֵӲʣеǴġԴɫƣ۲ˡ
Ҷӵһ£̾Ƚϸӣɽ˵
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ԭںĺڡʥءվȽŸ֮󣬿Ѿ죬׬˺ô֮󣬱һҪص½Ͼ߻о޴ĽΣҪ
ϰûãȻ˵ִ֣ǰ׷ɱ˵ǲ˺ǰȥƣû뵽ȻǷ˵ĸ׷ɱ塣ǻױ磬Ӹн˳
֮ҶϲĦսһ˱㵽ϲ绨ԴޣȴûҶ
ԭԻؼҸʥصг̣û뵽ʱӵҶţֽȵ
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Ҷмصл֣֪ʲô˽ͷö
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ȵɽϣˮϸҪежһֱ޼ȣȻԹۡ
ȴؽҶһߣ˵ҵΪ˻顣
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岻ǰ׳գȻ֪Ҷ飬׿ڳϣԼˣǷҶһ
˫ԷѧĪ֮ȻȻν֣ȫ֮ıȶֻΪ似ʤ֮ġ
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彫ԼİҶʱҶеļԸӣ򿪣ɫʯīĿ̻Ȼʦŵġͨ赡
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ҶС߳ʱ򣬡Ѿһıʼ˳
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һָһҶˣһ߿һϵɤƬ֮󣬱ѧ˸ΩΩФ
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ֻҪǽ˾ȳһʧˡƾλֵɱ޼׾١
Ҷ˵ͷܺáΪԷһһ˷֣һ飬ں绨Ϊڶ飬Դ޺аΪ飬ʣµΪ飬ֿ¡
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ģ㵱ʲáĺ۾һ֣˵СܳѵɴΣʱ޶࣬㲻ˡλٰ̨֧֣֮ͻ֮
ĺףԼսָˣвԼһμ棬вޣʲôĽᣬⳡжȫʧܵĺԼ̬ȣڵһӡϣ⵽˵Թޡ
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磡
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˴ϲҳһţΪ֪̩ǷչֻǺȴûǰ
̩Ŀһһһ̩ؿԼ˫֣Թֻһ߬ȭͷȣȭͷΧĿռ侹Ȼֱ죬ɼ֮ۻ룬ѷǳ˿ɱȡ
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ĸʱ֮Ѿ賿ʱ
Ҷװ˷һָ˶ǻװµͨӣһʮˣٵ޼ȵĹ⡣
ע⣬Ҫˡ
ԶԶĺ«ڣһߴĳǽס˽ȵĵ·
Ҷ˲ûгųȥڳﴦһСʯڣһʯͷн˼ţ¡һʯ¶һŻزǳ


113 й
ҶŶڵͺȵǬת䣬޼ͳķ
һһϵ˵һָҹĲ˯ʲô
Ҷ÷һָɤЦǵҳһţЩֹȥɨ
λϣвŹ޼ΪҪһλӼΣΪͨѡΪϣĹǿǶ³ͨ߳ɹƢŹ֣˶ҵ
ޣѹĵӵūţħ˵ָɣߣɡ
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ˡġԻ󷨡֪˵Ȼأױ㱻һָһ
Ҷһ½Żխ˹գҶĬһָгĿھ׼ȷزŵש·ڱգ֮ҹһڵһȽϿʯݵС
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ҶӻͳһͭƣطмʯϵĲУһ¡һԱֳһŻ
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ͷĲŹͷʾ⣬ūʯԱߣͷִȡһԲ͵صУһš֮ڶһž֮󣬲Ź˵ˣ·ϵĻѾرգǽȥɡ
ҶæлҶ˵ҪŻ
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ʱɲǸпĺʱ˷׷׵ͷʹڣֱӽ˴󿪵Ż֮С
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Դһ̾治ǹģӡTMDԻ˰

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һŵƺǸһָСͷĿһָӳæǰʺ򣬵ԭǷүˣСĻ˵췮үôûء
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ҶһȻ˵ʲôĺӣ˶ְڱбϣʱ׼ӦͻȻϮ
һӶǼ˵ĽŲ˵
ħŵǸ̬ҹͻȻ˵ӶС첻ͳԵĹȥȴȻһѪ
꣬ҪСı֪ȥҲһһѪʣ
˶ڵأʯĺ棬ֻҶҹпһڡ
һṦ⴫ͷһ߾ŻѵĸС̧߳һ߱鲼ʬ˳
˵㹷յŵ·Լ
ǴͷһŻĴζһ£ûŻͷĶ·
תôһ򣬽һѳȺش˵Ĳϡ
ѽ
һһʬֱӵ˵ϣ鲼ɢ¶һؿήɱĴȡ
۾һüͷ塣
ʲôˣ֪ǡ
죡
һȭ˾Żѵϡ
Ҷǰʵղ˵ħŵĸ֣˭
ӲӲ˵
ۣ
аסͣеĳĶУһɺ죬ֽűֻʹضʺȴǽв
аض˵аֻҪһ򵼣ˣβ˵أʱȣұ֤һʱʹ࣬ȥ
˵꣬ļѨƵڵء


114 м¶
аɱֳ֪ҪҲ֪һܾʹ
ĳӶ߰˰ˣʹضţƫƫаһסҪʹʱǰǶϳʹཫһֱȫ㲻
뵽ԷᶼֱӶ֮ǰҪʹ࣬ŵ˫ȷɸ
ԴЦرż򣬵£ǻĻᣬ˵
˵˵
һڸæ˵ûϵһٶȻ죬ֱ˵ħŵĳϣѪֲܿġ
ѵħžڵѪĺʵ
ҡҡͷһħžڲͣδǡѪĪŷ˷ϵߣʵǸʲôˣ
صһûдᣬ˵Ǹһۣߡ
ɫһʵǲɽ͹˫ָ׶Ϳ˺ɫ۵ıҲǺɫģ
۾һ˵ûûӵġ
ɻʵ˭
ɭȻâһ˵ħʮѪŵѪⲡ
ֹǡ˴˵߻ħ͹ҵôڹڴû˳ֹ
ΪħŻûŽһ򾡣ħżƻ©ҪǣȻ顭س˵ħžͣһصʮȴʵʵڵƵеϾõĺô̫޴֮ǰʮħŸֻ֣Ǳɱһš̨棬ڤа衢Ů⡢ϻѪʮĸƵµĵɽ
˲ɵѹ
ĺʵѪšĲʲôڴˡ
˶һۣһԥаһһ˵Ķʱ䣬ҽδڣѨѾУǸֻŶ䣬˻
Щ͵ؿаһۣѶ棬аƺ츳
Դǰһһţʵʲôأ˵ǲǵԼأ
˵ʱŵùڵأƲҡ
˵
绨һȣŵڸһ飬æ˵УСﻹһ޵ĸˣһݸߵĵʿһǸߴĺڴ󺺡
ְò֤˵һ顣
һ£Ⱥмʶˡ͹ֹȫտڲ
ôˣ˵
ֹһۣ˵ô룬ҽεжȡ
ΪʲôԴ޲޵ʵ˶һĳء
Ϊж֧ߣֹҪȳͬŵ˼ֱ缢ƿʣûϵȻΪһ仰ǰ
˵ֹ£˾ԲţͷӴݹѾԼˣŵΨһĿģΪȥͬű𣬽ݺԼһ˵Ļıҳ

ǹֹǵ顣
ǰ벻ҪǡҶ˵ǼȻҹ뻢Ѩûһ¡뽲ɡ
Ҳ̾һ˵˵ɣûʲôù˼ɵģҪѾȺ˵ˡ
ֹȻˡһۣٶǰһɨмᶨĻ棬ԼʱѪһģ֪Ǿתǽ˵ðɣ˵
һֹ˵޸ˣǺϻȵĹǵа۵ľˣĴӦħŵϡѪšĲĸħĸ֣ÿ˵ʵǲСĸ֡ǵʵ¡
ֹ˲˼Ҷǲǵʵ±˷ֱ³
ͻƹôҶɫʵ
ɫһֹȴɫһʱƿԡ
ǰǰˣ˵ǹ֮޵֣УֻҪǹ鼶ĸ֣ôС
ǰ鱨ǶǴھ磬
ͶЧƵУôûС衯Ϊͻڵġѱûзù˵
Ҷ̾衯Ȼ컯ӦҲϵģҲħʮܹһšĸܹɵ⼸ͬĹƵǰҲţôõޡ衯˵ϾƵлҪְ֮ء
ƵƵͷ
һ£Ҳ˵ֵһԣȻպҲǻܳһһ
ĺͷǵĵһҪǾˣھ˳֮ǰ
ͷͬ⡣
аɭһЦĿɿڴ˵λ鷳ѷѿ࣬סķ˵һ£Ȼǰȥɡ
ҪġԴ޴мס˵ĲӣЦܽӴݹ֮أ

Ҷһ·չߴ£˳ؽ뵽Ϣֵķ䣬Լٶ
ÿ˻һڸķװĴ£ͨѲ߳һס޵ķš
ʮһ飬סһ䵱С
ݹΧĴɽڵðգεݹȡ
Ӫ̣رһĵطͬסŲǧľ
һڵرڴУΧݹȷǽȥ
Ƭ̣ӭһӵѲʮĶҶһ
СͷĿҶһ΢һüʵιǼǵڼģʱǵֵôôûмǣ
Էһ˵ʱߺü˶İס˱ֻҪһԣ졣
Ҷ·ƽǰЦԭǶ磬Сˡ
ԭСӰô
ǰ磬ϲ֪ߴ˸ģ˲˰Ϸ֣ⲻǲʶ·ˡ
Ŷô֪
ľⲻ˯
ˣ߰ɣ߰ɣע㣬˹أ
ллϣл
Ҷһˣоյؼǰ
ԴЦǰаСһͷеĺô㡭
ƽ϶ˣæҡֵ𣬱λүֻҪСһͺã
˵䣬ǰһͻȻ˵ǰһ䣬Ǽ־סˡ
ƹȥôʵ
˵ƹȥҪ˷Ѱʱ·Ѳӣǳ˾Ҫˣ
ţ·ˣôȥҶ˵
ǰֱУ·Ѳ߱оյ˹ȥ
Լ߳һ룬ǰһǰһ޴쾮Բ͵ľ޴ռǰԼһڴ¥߶ȵλã쾮ΧĶѨԲĶ棬ͬһҪƹȥ
ƽָķ˵䣬ǡѪⲡ͡ħķ䣬Ҳߣķ䡭
˱ʾףһشҲйȥ
ߵǡķʱԭյĴͻȻ֨ѽһ´ڴ˿ûü׼¶ٿȻεʡ
ǿ֮ٿȻ˫ֻſӣһ
ȴһĸߴ׳繷ܵļһ
ħ
ҹܴһŮ˵ķ֮߳ǰɹʲô˲
ǡħһǰεԼŭãTMDʶүүҳүүӣòͷ
һ֪ǳᣬæڨЦŽʣƽæǰǸ˵˳էһ˵ǡ
Ǻڴѵ䣬ҪţûϵӰһҶаȻͬʱνʣһʱ֮£أɱ˹ȥ
˾ҶаΪʲôͻȻ֣
ǡħȴзٿȻ˶أӴȻṦӣȵǷˣȻԼ˶֣
ҶʩչЦȴ˼թȻǵĲףֱӶ֣
аߵȺ˵ıܹͨʹõģҷӦٶ̫죬ݵϢ¶ǵʵȻǿף
һȭռУаһƫͬʱܹҶһʵοͼģ
׳գҶȻѾɧ߳ٷأѵ˼ȥһô
ʱŻȻ
ͷЦøӻ㣡
һأռ֮һƬңͬͱһ˾ͺɱ
ʱ򣬷ѾӰڣ绨һҶһֵʱ򣬱ݺݵ˹ҶĺǷݣһ߿ϵķţһ˽ȥһ̴ܼı
ں͹ֹġѪⲡķ䣬ǻδ˵ǰķȻ飬һӰ˹չں͹ֹ
ֹӦ㱻Է˫צץڳһ˲жԷ˫ģϾ֮ɫβܿƵ׵
ڴʱһɫâȻ󷭷ɣһ٣ٴηùһĵââԹգǴֹնϣڶǽһ׳뷿ڵ׺ۡ
̩һȣα֮ǰһӰ֮£ֱ˿еġѪⲡһչݺʮһƬɫĵâ쾮ռ䣬Ŷ˹ȥ
ǲʧɫۼֻܲһţܴСͬʱԼĻȫԼǰסȫ

ɽһ˲ϣ󷭷ɣһֱδơ
˫ԣʧȥ֪ڰһҵĹ˫̧֣ͷһ۵ʱԭľϲ˴㵡
һֻȻǰצ֮£رܣٿȻüģһѪ۳Ķͷһм䱻룡
̩֮еµȫӳʵʵ
ȥˣ̩Ӱ𵴿ͷ֮ͷĻƷ·
֮У۹񣬺۷̩ѾǲɵĵһҶҲ̩ѹס
һ
ֳסƽ˲ǰԴޡ͹ֹ֮ϣȫӪȹȵ֮ˡ
һ߿һţڽƽ˽ȥȶ⣬ʹߣûĻԼͱԷ£װǴ˵ĺˡģ֪ݵ˻ˣ
ǰ·ڣνʣɱ˹ȥ
ƽһۣ˵ſڵװ
쾮ռ޴סŵ˲٣ҾǸ֣ͨǶ⴦ֻһҪסǣҪһߵһʱ֮䣬ֻҪסס쾮һ˱лὫѦ˾ȳ


115 ս
Դ֪ĵ֮Ҷ˹ϵؽﵱ˾սսǲŸҾ鹥סԮڵ˷ʩΪ
̩һı֣Ĵ
ʱҶڵķڣսеҴ
ħȻǳصģӲסҶػסаһ
绨еһȣȴûûӲ
һٿȻγһΪĴҾΣɨҶһڰзѣķ֮ɫһ׵Ȼҽǽ֮ڣһͳǽ֮ϡ
绨һȵһеζҵˡ
˵ǰȥȺһ˹ȥ
ʱ֮УŮӵĽ߳ҲǾܼڶ
խҶʩչ󣬵罫ｻ绨Уȵսپ
ɳ˷䡣
ʱ쾮֮У¿ռѾǳĺ¸֣Щ·ûд룬Űӣֻűб˳
̩һһѴ󵶣ضڣƬ·ɣͬһĺˣ֧飬ʬսΪҡ
Ҷǰ֧ԮͻȻ֮䣬Աߵķ䴰顱һ飬ľм׷ɣһӰ˳Ҷ۾һƳǸͷɢͷ֪аŵľҲ룬гһָƹ˸磬ֱʺ
ˡ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҷϼ⣬֮ǰӽȫ󣬴ʱǲں·ǷˣֱȫУٶռ
ϵһ߳г͵س࣬ͨ䣬նɫĹŻסǰߣ֮£ϵʿȻҶ߱ȫ
ȻӲ֣
ǡѪⲡûϵֵǿһʱ׼̩Ӳ֮°׼񾻳ֻһ˵Ĺ΢Ӧ֮ʵʵ¶˳
ǺÿеĹͷ
ʱǰ޼ȵĸҶһĶãһ֮תӽϼ֮£ۣҪʬ׹֮ʱֿʩչ¾Žƽʽ
аŵĽȻ죬ϵаʵʱһУͬ潣һҲܵסԷĹʱȴǱסԷһʵת飬Ȼ͸Ȼתʵֱš
ҪҶʵ
͸ȾѪȻǳ˶ԷаĴ
һŭȻҪϵʿĻʱһҶѾ֣Ȼԥһ£תΧĹк֡
ҿɣ˵˼Ҳн񱰡ôģ
Ҷһϸɣһɱ¾ΧԮȵ޼Ⱥ֣һ߷׷ɱ
С֣
ûʱ䣬ֽǮһո㣡
ϵ벻Լڴ˱࣬ͷû¹ͣɱŪԼǱ
ֿ֮ʱ͵󾢷Ϯ壬Ҳ룬ܣͬʱһֳһֽʣסǰغ󱳡

һҶһӽϵĽʿķɣٺһЦ;òԣ
һӽ˱Ļ֮ϡ
ԭҶһӽȴǰܵ˾磬Ҳȷһɾ磬û뵽ķһӽŻһ
ٿȻȳҶйĹٿȻˣû뵽ҶͻȻһƺߣͬһը׺俪ٿȻһ٣ҶǰѾ͵˫һ̣һɹǿ·˫֮һڶ
֮£ԼܽṦת˼£ȻӲĺڶһҧ֮ȫҶгϽǣһʢĵֱҶ
δϵʱҶٿȻӰһȻʧͬʱԼκһĿХ
ǰתٲһССĺڶʳصľ޴УХ˳ȥɲǼؾǿŭŵĿ
˲ԼһԼҲֿסȻβܿƵص֮С
ϵĽͬʯ󺣣Ϣڶһ˲䣬һǿϮͬܵȫͣеĽȫʧȥ˿ƣ̵ͬĺˮһ㣬кδʱбһƬհףʧȥʶ
ʱ׵ľϵУ쾮֮޼ȵĺ֣Ҳͬڿ籩еĿ¸о
Щ޼ȵĺֶʱŲȣҪϵ־ȫĹסι̵ĵطǿƽ⡣
쾮ĵΣҶʷΪ񱩵һΡң
ֹļӳ֣͡
һ޴вϡ¥ݼ䣬Ӱ֣ʱмֲסﱻ֮У֮У̶ʧ
񹦣ֱδš
Ѱӿȡ
쾮Ѿأһ޴ĺС
̩͵һеµ׶һ࣬ζסΣƷƮƮǰϲҽű˦Уʧںڶ֮еӰǴ󷨡յģߵĹ򣬼ֱǸƨ
¡һ
һڹһӰ˴ӷں˳ڰգסΣһ㱻Ҷ˹ȥǱ绨һĳġħ
Ҫ
һҽ֮ӵʱûʧֻںڶڲͣزȫĹ̵ͬĺˮһ㣬Ҷڡ
ͬϽһ㣬еĵĿøӵķ񡭡
Ⱥžزҽȥ
绨дӴ̽ͷȵԱǵøҷһ
ʱҶ˫֮ϵʮ֮࣬ѾһƬ˻°ĭʧ
ڸĵ纮ս
ʱͻȻʱУһӰ˲˹ƿÿһȻǹҶɽХһ죬һצ
飡
ĺХֹеĵĿҲʧ٣ҶԳαԷһɣոŲƬ̵ͬڵһ˳ȥֱ̩
̩һµþȫӭҶжԷĹû뵽˫һҶʱۡ³һѪҶһҽһĻҳɢ
ĸ֣ˣ
צ
һУӰһᣬѸףջҪռпڶԷɫצӰһӲ
һԼĳȻԷץɫצ֮С
ȻһЦȵСӲԶˣ
צһšбԷšͬ黨һ㡭
ầȻˣצѻֱĸ֮䣬ȻᾪۼԼǳõ³ͻȻһʨԼǰһƮ绨еĴȺճſ񱩵ĻƺɫȻצ֮ϡ
飡
绨ͬʱɣצһδӰбӲ˰ա
צ¥µ֮ϣ˫һ̤Ȼ˺͵涼޴Ľӡȴٴηɵġɮ绨
ȵСùǴ˴εΪ֮ˣץĸΣ
绨ŭ趯ȴѪαԷñˣһצһ绨кȵֵⱬУĴٴαԷһ䣬ȫľ绨ǰɫĹâ䣬绨ƺһǽ֮ڣһ߽˷֮С
ЦУ£Ҫ绨չ鹥аĺǶѳĽ磬һֱķһǾޱǽ
Σ
צϲм֮ɫһţצ޴צ˲ڶǰаĺ㺧ȻսطȻ䣬һ𱻶Էӿɨ䣬ǱȥİֱӴһͷɵһͷſסΣֽ뷢ԷĹȫѹס
ԼһȻûнԷҲǲɵôһаʲôʱôһ书ǿˣҪԼһ衱˹龳죬½ҪЩˣҪһЩ
צ뵽˴µذ͵ƿ󶴣һ˫ִ˳εץס˫ţ
ͬʱĴ춯֣
ȴԭǡ͵Ϯ֮ʣͻȻ֣ס˫ţ
һŴŭͬʱȵ׳գ˭֣ܳҷ㣡
˵ӿףҪ˫顭
Ȼ䣬ذ屻ľмŵµʯҲǱ磬Է˫ȻŵץԼĽףܶԷĻ飬˫ҲѪ͵Ϯ֮ڹ֮񣬻֮ǿΪѾˡ쾳ڰˡľء
˸־Ȼ͵ϮȻ׼㣬һʱûѣɵ߳ŭҪٴαȻһϮʶһȴ˿

צŭУһɽɫڱĴը
ˡ
ŭ
ʮػεغıģɫڣѪͷ֮ʱһɫĴУͬһС
ֱһȻһţ㳶ƽ
ӰһҶٿȻڰУȵӵһţ
䣡
ʱܲĴٴһͻۣ
³һѪٶȵؼɶȥ
ĺаæˡ
ĳײ𣬡צ֪˼ǽڣֹס
кֶΣ
Ծһ㣬վ绨ԣ˹ˡ
ʱ˫Ѫܣѣµ˫ЦӿԶԴʱĺΪ⡣
Ҷ֡绨ʦ˷񣡣ĺ㼱ʵ
Ҷһͦظ绨һ⣬ͬʱȵ޷

밵
̩ʱڣһĨѪȵˣҽ䱸
Ӱ׷ףڣҶͬʱѵѵСУ
Сĳһӣ
УȻײǽڣ˶档
һ˫ɽ׹ֱðݺݵضŶˣ۾һһɨ󶨸Ҷϡ
һĨѪȵù򣬾ȻƫתֶΣϷһצֻ±ƫĳɰɣ
ɣҶ
ãһţϷסˣݺݵ˵
绨вһԼĴ֧ڵϣһ֨ѽһٴλֱͬʱȻ˵ϹɱҵһȰֵҲǵұ𣡡
ҡ
Ҳң
ֵս
òѪԼʲôʱ˱˿ᣡ

һЦѪ˵Ц֣ǲ֪ߵغ񣬲ֿ֪ɷ⼸˷ָ¼Ҳ̽²źã


116 ս
ڵȫٳɱɽһϮ˾һ
вһ㽫Լһ˵޼ȺɱɢǰһգһǶ⣬Ϸǹ貵ҹգ·īȡ
һص㣬ֹӻͳ͢õ̻ȼ
飡
һ̻ը
ͬʱԴ޴ӱͳһꤣϸëİɫ˿ߡ
ֹһ㶣ʵʲôû׼Ӱ
ⲻǣԴޱȻһ¡
ֹһקϸģָͷϡ
ǡ˿ֹϲ˵
ģʵ
˿̫дˡ
Դһ߽˿һͷϵǽϣһͷꤶȣͬʱ˵߰ġħˣȼȻٱĶҲֵĵط
ֲ֮ǰ˵ûôӣҶȴֱ취
ɱ
ʱһߵڳһ֣ɱ
һ񳤽ȵܵסôȵûж
ֹüֻѦǻΪħŵĹƣһʱȽء
ںѾ˹ȥɱԮ
Դ޴ȵУ˸δǻܼ֣Ҫ̫ˣͻģ
ֹһҧȥ
˵꽫ϣץסϸֽʵ˿ٿȻȵ׻ȥ
ҲʱһĽնڼӭϣûæȺһʱеѹСһ룡
ϣ䣡
ͬʱ𣬶βܿƵ׵λδվӰһֻ˶Ǵһֻһ޴ԲٿȻܲ࿹
䣡
һУٴα÷𣬺ȻײǽڵС
ڣǲ㱻Էɨ¹ȵס
Դ޺ȻǰıڵʯһĿɣԼ֣ں˱Ѿ˳ȥҽķ֮С
ǰͬʱĸα뺷Ϣһ׶Ĵ󺺡
˲Ŷһ˿һ޴ǴڶǰһֻǴ棬ݵľ޴Բ̣һģǰ治ͣתţ˿˫֣˫ϾҵĻҵȼţĸŰСľ޽˩һͭ嶣ֱ졭
ŵŵ棬ĸվһţһģһսϣǰдĸ֡򡱡ӡ𡱡塱
ħʮġɷˣ
벻ĸħһȻ⡰ɷפء
Դ޹һ˿ĭ֪ΪĴսˡ

ĵ˶һݣĵȴδеж⡣
Ͼĵעζ˵ĵ
ֻûȴЩ
ҪһƵ˱Ϯڵˣβˡ
ʱԶͻȻһȴں屻˻ײ뷿ʱı졣
˴һڴ˿̣׼ᣬУٿȻ
Ҷӭͷȥͬʱȵĺ֡аȥæｻǡ
ͬһʱ̣绨ֵ̩޼䣬ͬʱ黤ҶңŵȥжԲ벽ǴӲ
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ֻ߱ܲӲͷƤ˵ĺһӲһ£
ѣ쾮ڵľƵذ塢ݵȵȺӸǵĽṹͬһʱ䱻Ʒɣڿռγһ磬Хͣ
˲ɣ˫ϣҪסΣϧԾ޴ڵǳ׵֣ǿվסΡ
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ͬһʱ䣬ҲǶԺһǡ
էȻ֮ͣǰܴ죬˼߹£һѪڰγɣнɣͬʱһٴ׷ȥȵԭֻСӡ˵ֻӲصȥˣ
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סڣͻȻԱΪŭɶ׳գթ㣡һ䣬һϢæ񣬿ٵϢ
ٿȻƿԣɵ÷
ᣬһɣԭʧ
ԼһϷˣʱŭһķһתҶƲȣһ

һѪɫĵâնδϮ壬Ȼһص̩һᣬһִĵâɨȥ
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һ벻Լ龳ֵĵâȻһڵͬʱĵֱǲ˼顣
ȴ֪̩еµһ޾˵зԷӳѰͷŽ̩ҪһʡɵɣһУŻᾪԼȻԷͬʱ
һХϣеı֮ǰеľıԼǱѾϵ
ʱѹʧеעǰսУԭĽ츳¶гһǧâ˱㱻ڵУһҫҫ۹âĹֱȥ
Ҷ˱ˣԳλÿǰˡ
ᡢ̩ѾһҶ绨˫˫ǽһţɱ˹ȥ
ոռֻˣΪһ֣û뵽̩һԺ֪˹ȻǺöԸģʱ˹ԼԼʱĹûзá衱еһȣڵ໹ǲСסԼѱһʧ
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˲ʱͻȻƺǰüһ֣˵ٿȻתֻλٴιˡ

УҶ˺޾⣬ϣͬʱ˼ۻԷӲ
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᲻ڣֿס龳ڸֵۻʱôѪܿƵ׵
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ѪɫĴ󵶸߾ͷ׷ɱ
ʱײʯ֮ϣѪ磬Ӹָͷһ£ǰ½ѾѪ͸ң˫ĿԲ֪Լȴֻһ˿ĵɫ۵
ʱҶڰУƶǲܿƵıˣۼԷʹ׺ɱУҶٴһȣæ
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εȾ飬᲻֪м䣬߾Ŷ󵶸ֱΪбӭҶĿѸ׵һͬʱƫŻӻʱĹԣһۣͬӷһڰжȻ½߾룬ٴ
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ǽ꣬ʵսޱȷḻϽڼʱΪı仯

ײҶһײѸٵᡭ
ֻӦȻûҶĽ

Ĵ౩طԼܵεĹÿһεײеβƫҷ
ԷȻĹûйԼĻȴƾײɣ
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пգԽ쾮·棬Լ޷Ṧ˦ѶԷҶĳԽԽȻṦʤԼһһǰֱ岻䣬͵ٿһдһѪɫĵâɳֱҶţͬʱŷתΣǰǽһ̤Ѫ˵ٻػҶ


117 
һնҪһŤתơ
ۼҶҪ׷âѹ壬ǵͷػһѪ֮˱Ƕ
ʱҶԵ˵ĵâѡرܵĻٿȻת˻Ťת׷ľ棬¶ȡȨ˳
ҶȻöԷŤתòȡõһƣͺһǰ˻ȴתͬͷ⴦ȫĹŵâηӭϡ

һҶѵһǿ͸ĵâ˽һسŸոշȥ
ʱոշδߵ㣬ո˼ȫ֮ҶһѾǰ

Ҷ񱩵Ľͬ籩һǰȫֵΪҶĹ̫Ѹ٣һֱûа취תȫĹеıͱˡ
顭
˽ʱܱƬɰʯһʱ䳾ֲ
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һȣһѪ˱ӿҶٿȻˣڿסӡ
ʱҶãңһƬǰƮ䣬ƿһӡ
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̧ͷʱԭϣһ۴üĻա
ҶųĹ٣ʱһŵжԷʺͬʱһ̶ֱԷüģʱ̣࣬Ҳƴش߱ԼΪѵһ
һ˲ıȻҶɣܿƿüĵһҲʹԼ˲Сˡ
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Ҷһ٣Ȼͬڵһ˹ȥ
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Сģ
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绨һȣҲǴͷԾߡٶȸ죬һҶǰ
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צ缫ǿצδǿľѾҶе޴Ŀѹ·ռ䶼ƴѹ
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ҶеĻƾУǵýһ۾һգգضץĴ֣Լ׽죬ѾƷļ𣬶ԷΪԸıǰƻȴ쿪Ūõ͵ʴס
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еһˣ쳤ؾóϹġϵתȦ֮Ҳõòˡ
һҲʹԼɵس֣Ը
ҶȴԷķӦ˸ա
ԭľ޴צץȴûнӽҶ塣
Ȼǲֻܹǲҡ
սεȷḻ֣̽ҪҶĳץֶϵʱ͵ؾǧӶԷĽϴ͸ϵ۹צظ֮ܵϾǧֻ۷ݵһʵһ
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У˷ɢĽƶԸͬȼĸֱȻȡٶϵƣöַʤԵȼ߳ġ龳֣ɢĽƱȻ޷ͻƶԷĻ

ҶĽд̻ñĻ𻨣ԭʵĻͬȹĻѩѸڡ
ѩڵٶԸϲ˻ٶȣԷĻƿһҶĽֻüĶԹһͷצѾҶǰ
ˡ
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ͬһʱ䣬һ򣬴ƹƹҵĴ֮߳ڶȻһߵҲûռʲôˣִòֺ

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һȣ͵һһΪģɢȥγһɿ磬̳ɾ룬¶һƬõĿյء
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֮ǰļιȫΪһ̵棬ΪҶĹ칥˶ѡ
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һȣƴٴˣ绨̩˻ˣһ㣬κֱͣʱ֮ڣ˲֮زز
Էɱ־ɱԼ
ǸֱǸȻںڰͬ磬ԼֵˣҲԱԼӦĶ࣬޷ŵʵͰԼǰܲȻġ
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Ҷһͷ绨ɱȥ
ܷԮѦ˳ȣһжڣ


118 ޱʥ
Ҷ绨ǰ쭣ۼǰھǰʮ׵ĵطȻһƬɫҫ۹â֣öһʱĿӡ
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벻ħ֮УʮĸҲѾ˽ħʵɲ⡣

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Ҷڳʱһ֮ʱǽλãɨһʮԶĿհ׾룬Χħź֣ԭҲӦüħźֵĵطǱһյġ
ǵհ׵ķ϶УһӰ˸ߵľ޽һͷСڶ죬޽ȴ𣬿ȿŻѪȻλڡһ⺮վݡȫһ
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ӲһǣǿʩչĹ磬һʱѣԴΧֵΧѾƣӦڴʱԭֵǻ˶ǴһʱΪΣգ
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ҶбϲĵܵñȽϿѡ


119 ھս
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ոձһԵʥЩʲôýģǹ
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ֵһ꣬Ըȫ֪֪ף̩ܴȫɫ˵ĳת
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Ҷаգģ˱ˡ

һЦл߳һˣȴǡɽ͡ɣ
ԭˣֲøղ̩Լġ
Ҷһɣɵĳ֣ȴҲ֤ͬʵ˸ո΢ʥĲ²⣬ҶԲˬ
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ȻֵʱȽȻûж֮Ĵ㣬͵ؿҶһۣ˵ͷЦħʥĴţһԭҲˡ
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ֻδعѾҶƽ룬Ծգֱ̤֣˼ս֮
ԴޡʢֻĵزԲ绹ࡣ
ʱʯһӨ͸ɫ˫֮ϣһü趯ͬһʽֺ꣬һס򹷹ŽһȻȻֵסʹþ޽Ĺ
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У缱ƣÿһ仯콣ӰɲͬĽǶϮҶ
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ۣʹκ޾Ρ٣ҲҪâŶԡ
һɲǣһѣĿĵ⣬ƳգֱҶ߾ٿеĻƾϡ
ԭҶá˽֮׽Ԫһס
ƾʱͨ巢âϸѹĵڵ֨֨졣
ҶХ𣬾춯أͬĳˣŻɫĻ׵֮лƾЮЯǵ⣬¡
䣡
˸£ƽһףҶһ£ȫǾ޴ɴཻҶǴ󴸴бΪ룬ƷЯ֮һǰ͵һ
ҶȻأЮ׵һصʮ׿⣬ڵϹʮԶľ룬ٶͣЪ
ѿһɡԼ࣬˴ĿĵĴӡ
һȷǾ춯ֱƵ̨һ
һս޲ʤǵһα˻ϡ
һ㣬һХнƺɳȥ߸ӹֱԶͶȥһ
Ҷȫʪ
ûٳ֣ΪѾˣҲûȥ׷ԼȫһҲ˶ã֪Լ׷벻׷Ѿû˷ֱ𡭡


123 ߼
ҶһԴ޴س֣Ѫ߰ߣһĭù⣬Ȼˡ
ҶȻϵѪûһԼģֻħźֵѪ
ħ޼ȵȥֲǳͼֵ׷Լٶ̫죬˿֮ȴԴ޸ȷʵܵù
սô
ԴԴ˵ȫ΢ʥ򡢻ħ֮⣬ӦӲȥ
Դ޿˿ɱƬƬ޼ȣһѰζ̾Ϣ޼һǸȫˣ޼ȴӴڽϳʣһˣպֻܳΪħŵһ߹
һе֮ɫҶԴ޿ȻһЦΪΪ߶ƣǰҶļ򣬰οѽſİɣħϾǹ龳ʵҲѾˣȻսβңôɱһԺлᳬҵġ
Դ޼©е˵սʦҪԻͣǹһţƤ̸ʡ
ʱԴ޵ֲͣͷһҹ֮˴ȻҪ˼
ҶЩЦؿһۣЦһ˭˵ǵߵħˡ
СϱƵóüĸɶ
εصԴһۣҶ̾˿˵ǵħ֪ǾȳѦǰȳ֮͢ķӦϾħŵĹֻʷѣǵĺļƻȫ֪顣ǾȳѦǰˣȫǻԵɺϣǿıľпβ֪ϤħеıأɽһѾ˾ˣǽıֻʲôأƻħŵһƻħŻ᲻Ϊ˷ֹмƻƻǰʵʩıأ֪ʲô֪
Ҷǿգ˵ĻԴƿԣźΣնԼ뷨̫ɣ԰ﵽҶֻ̾Ϣһ룬Ƕţôžϣսȥ
Ҷһ󣬻תȻһЦ˵öԣǻţһúܺáֻҪǻȥܽħŻĺѵģ򣡡
ҶȵرһԴ޵ļʱԶһӰٽӽ˶Уͷȥȴһ˷ܵĹֹ˻δѾλҶѦ룡

޼ԭõĺԺ޼ϲ鷿ʱѦŵĵط
޼ȵ׸棬͢ĸּҶһҲֲ㣬룬ֻԸ翹׼֮ͽչֶΡ
ʱƴûмЩܹ͢ȶԼʰʰĹȵҰĥüɸ
ɺκ޾λûܽ΢ʥԷṦֶ޷֮ȼ磬ֵּĶԾ˫¶ƴһսٻ
ʱκ޾ʣΪˡ
Ҷʱ򣬶ǰ޼ȵǵǳһ
鷿ԺӺܴؼɽȻкܶ໨ԡرԺǽߴɣһ㸻˼ҵԺǽᳬɣԺ
ԽǽһȻ޼ԼĸۡȻԺǽ඼ӼңΪʲôҪԼլ֮ڻʾ˵Ժǽأ
鷿һ㶼鷿ֱһû
ſҷһŴ߿ǽ޴飬ڷ˲ǩᡣЩ޼ĶҲǼֵơ
鷿һ˳һװ̴⣬һ̫ʦΣϾȻŵһëɫѩ׵ıƤ˶ͷƺ֮ʱ
֮صõ½ıƤʵ
Ѧʱ֮ϣֻ࣬͢вʮĳ͢ĿϣҪô̬ƣҪôǲȴɥʧսĸ֡
ҶȻлһʶɽׯׯҲѦͽܡĦ֡Ͼ顣
벻ϾҲεж֮УܹҲҲˡ
ʱϾûгμʱֽ̬ǳȻ˱ȽϹˡ
˵ͷʾ⣬ϾĿ˹Ϣ
ҶѦʱüͷٿȻ壬ѦΪԾ
ѦҺѾԴһ£Ѿû˸ʱǱݵݺͿݹһ˫ȣ̬ͣؿԸ׳˶һнľࡣ
Ѧˡ
Ҷׯ
Ѧ򵥵һ֣ʾˣ㴭˵ҶϵܣòȻûϷۣһ˽ܣһ˽ܰȿȡ
Ѧæ¸شһ̵ǰѦϢ˺þã
ҶǰƬ̣һ𣬾Ѧǰǡ
ѦǺЦûϵˣ˶ˣ
ɫȻͷ
ͬ꣬ǿѦκ޾˫֧ţڱħһ򾡵ĵزʱΪ𾴵ΣܲǸеᡣ
Ѧ̾һ˵Ϸ֮ʱ΢ʥƬ̣ȴһ͵ϮһƣһֱӲħΪϷΧǡħδ̽ϷɻأԭѹƵƲתĸˣǺǣƶ˹裬ϷȻǿѹƣȴҲ˫ȲֻܶǼµʱ䣬ˣħ˽Ľ࣬㴰ֽûбͱơ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣˵֣Էǲ֪ʵô
Ѧ˵ͷԷ̬ȫϲǹ֮ĹҲıˡ
Ҷ˵ѦǰһдŵǡڤŹ˵ΪǿĶ̫࣬ϵվãûаȫΡ
һǴϲ벻ҶȻ˱죬ڤа취ƣɵĵȼһ˿ϣ
ѦǺһЦȻ֪Ҷƽˮ飬Լ֪Լҵ飬ԼѾήڤ㱻ҲӲ
ҶĻȴһ
ѦǰõģʥϰһŹԲϵԸǰ
ʲôѦʵ˵޷
ҶüǰڵġڤѾ裬ֺǰԭһҪȫΪףõİ취ǽǰȫȻ»;
ѦһȻЦǵȻϷ֪СеаŰ취ܶһϷԸ㣬ΪĲһ뿴ĳЩϷĶͽõӦеıӦѡ
˵Ѧ˫ðȻɱ
Ѧĳֶ͢Ǹ¶⡣
ҶʵѦǰ֪Щ鲻Ҵεĳ͢жǣ󣬲֪
Ҷûм˵Ϊֵ⳯͢ɫòȻϾԭĸЩ͢ȻǱȻһЩֺ󱲾ȳ̫ÿ
ѦһѳסҶ֣о䣬˵ϷǰΪ¡
ңҶЩԡ

ֹǰѦΣҶһͷˮŽһң͢־ܣֻڡ
Ѧ̾Ϣһ˵һγ͢ڸֵ֪ŵˡ
жšҶֻ֪͢ڸֵ񣬱Χ޼Ҳֹ֪֮顣
Ҵħʹڸһʮˣֵ˼׵ɵĸȭԭħҲһɼΪǿвϧвܣȻڲԼ˵ļƣյǴϢֱһɺ˲أҾһҲ޷Щԩĵְ
ҶʵѦǰ˵Լˡڼ飬Ǻˣ
ѦתͷҶһһٵ˵˱ǡ֣չá
࣡
ҶԴһ
Ѧ˵ҪԼˡϷأ󵣱ģǸӼֵ
ҶЩȥˣޱȼʵǡ
ǸǷǸ󣡡ѦľԼȫԼĲģǻʸԽٵΣ
֣չṩϢ˵ǷǸ鱨Ǹ˲ûзϣ˵֮ǣ
ҶеͷƤһ飬ʵ⡭Ϣ׼ȷô᲻ʲô᣿
Ѧҡҡͷܣ֣չȫ̲£Ϣһṩǵעȫ޼֮УҲʵֻеĻɡΪԷһһȥ飬õϢҲȫϣǺ޷ǰ޼ʦȫΧݹȣû뵽⴦ԭ뱨Ͼݳȸ˲ĵطȻһ֮ء
ʣµ鲻˵ˣѦ˱Χȵ࣬һдڸ˴룬ŹȵڵˮԴҰݺࡢܵǿֵвʹħŲ׶֣Ű˽ա
ǰ˼ǣ
Ѧеؿץ֣չã

Ҷһѹеץ࣡ǲҪʵ۵ͣ
ãרȨ֮𡣳֮͢ڣֻдȨһϷ򣬶ѾȥĻʸţһǴ̫లšһñΣϧտλѵıʣֻ·ǸҲѲ˸ϵ
ҶųĬȻ֪Եһ˾ǼǰΡࡱˡ
Ѧᰡʸšţʵ۵ĴţֱҪԼѦֻ¾ʣһ̫లˣһȨ࣬˵ڰ֮ȻǷǸħŵ˾вԼļƻԲûж֣֮ˣǼᰣǻʸţֵѦǵļıһһȫԵȨƵλöȥ
Ҷת˲ƺħıӦı֮һ
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ѦǰܲͿءֻǡƺǰиκΪǡʵֻ¡
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ҶüʵǴ˴ѦǰѾԮֻ֣չõһʱѾ˰ɣŴȥ鷳ô
ߣԭ򡣡Ѧɭϵ֪֣չõΪˣƣΪ˷Ǹ֧֣Ǿûа취ѹ˾򵽱Ǹ棬Ϣˣ֣չö౻鲻ٺ»¡£ˣһƹֱ͢ӽ£СȥǸʦʲô¡
ͷƢȻ𱬣ʵ۶ƹȥ
֣չõʵ
ȻΪ˵͵Ϸ򿴵óʵ㲻õģһ޾ΰͬеġסץס֣չã֣ݳǣһֱ嶼


124 Ԯ
Ҷ鼤ѦУֻκ޾ǰ̸ֱʱ磬Ϊƣ۶ʱһ䡣
Ҷʱ䣬Ѧ롾ϵ壬ֻҪѦָһС֣ܹյʹֽ࣬ơ
һѸʽҩѦɫѾ糣һֻ
κ޾λڽǰҶ˹ʼˡ
ҶơħĹѦûбֳô𾪣Ҷ٣ѦⷽĻɣ͢ҲйЩ鱨ϽɡԵҶתڤ񹦡Ѧʱκ޾κѦȻ棬Ҳûбֳ⡣
ҶĹڣȻȡΪЩҲѣԾ岢̫Ӱ졣
ѦʱҳһţȾҶһɨգõڲҷҲֻ»Ǳ򲻻书ʱĳ״̬
Ѧ϶ֻҪԼڡڤɾԼʱ䣬Իָԭİ˳ɹҪָ۷״̬ҪһҵĹ⾰С
ô˵Լһġ
Ҷʱ࣬ʵֿ˻ҽѦõĺôʵһֵȫǿɲСĿԼԲǱˣŪûлͻƹ龳ʮ겻Ĺ֣һĴڡ
ǵ˴˵Ⱦ磬ԼͲȥˣԼͣ˳ɼֻһЩƽԼ޺ҲΪ̫຦¶Լеġ
𸻵̬κ㹻ͽֻתһӶѡ
Ҳ˵Լ浽˾ֵĵزҪŻŲ͵ˡ
뷨֮Ҷ̹ȻȫȫѦƣһֱϣֹһҹڶһʱڽѦ̺İ˸ɸɾ
ҶȻɹؽ쾳ĴԲ磬ֻһ֮ң
һǵͨ죬Ǻȶ˵ľƹҺһͽڶ
ѦȫָȻûһ˿һ巴ã˺Ȼ˯ͬӤ
Ҷκ޾֣Ҳ˵ֱӾͷɱ˳ȥ
ֵۼһ̸۽жҶȻ룬һѳסˮһֳֻסԴޣ绨һţʾ̩æȻתͷܡֻһڴ۵С۵Ⱥ۲ԡ
ҶߣʲôԴ޲ʵ
ˮҶǺףѪ۾һЦ߸кôֵָ˰ɡ
绨һ֣Цãúã֪Ҷ壬˺ôҲֵǷֱ
Ҷ˽һľķ䣬˵ϥá̩һۣ֪Լʹվ⣬һƣʱĽɫ
Ҷȵ˽ˮ˫ӡڽˮıģֱתΪ쳤ؾóϹġϵȫ뽭ˮڡ
ˮһ缢ƿʵŴУ󼸵ͨȻٹ뵤
һٷĹ򣬽ˮͷðѾԼԭһҵˡ
һͬ˹һžͣࡢǾѪ˲һ飬ʵز쾳硣
춯
ԭաȵĿͻȻС꣬紺ӴۼڵСԺſڵĴ辰ݣת˲֮㲽Ϊõļڣӣ;ջͬʱţƮ㣬ԭʵʯ壬϶ҲݣŽˮڵλԽݵĵطݱԽïܣڱεʵľȻҲоѿɫֱ֦˼漣
⶯Ҳ˾֣׷Χָָۣ̾㡣
ǰ龰˵ۼĽ˺ƴʷû˵Ρ
üһģǵ꾰ľ˲Ҳ
ﶬļţľ˲飬Ҳǿľ괺ѷѿӦҲǲ֮ι졭
Ҫ˵ô˱ľ˸ľ˵ǷԲʮ֮ڵı仯Ӱ죬ʮɣҿȻǴ˵ĹҪľӵиŻˡ
ɣľ˵ġľ괺ľϵųƵһ񹦡
֮ҲҵûĹ
ǼǼ
е
Һ۷׷ףݵҶѽԼעԴ޵ϣɽˮԼȶ硣
ʱ֮󣬽ˮ۾ʱҶҲոսִ绨ıջء
ˮѹеĿϲ´Ҷһۣʵ߸磬Ϊʲôͻƹأ
ҶǺһЦ粻ȣǿͻƣŪҲƲסҪ̫õʱȥƺϤûʱˡ
ˮһʵΪʲô
ǽмҪ죬ǲָκˣֵֻһ֣
Ƕܰæô
˵ڣĺ㶼û취֮
ε¹ش󣬳˾ε⣬Ҫʧ֮Ӱ졣
Լӵֵܾû⣬ĺŴ屳ﶼˮպԲ˶ߡ

СӿԵһ֣
ˮҶпԡ֪رͣ˹Ϣ
ʱͻȻһңȻöƺǸ˵Ӷࡣ
磬ʲôˣ
۵һűƿ̩Ҳ˷ܵ˵Ԯˡʦʦ֣ϱǶˡ
Ҷһϲ˳ȥ

ħŵѾӵӰ٣ԭСеȸ޼ˡ
ɡѹɽ˵ֱɱ޼ȡ
Ҷһʱı÷ѩôļɫΪʱͬʱɽ˵Ū˵С¹ʡ
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ʷᣬһеʦֺΪ̣ԼʦҲħޣҲΪ׼Щ׸棬˵ȲɱΪħź죿
֮ڣҲǺȱ˵ӣԸƫƫǸִֵˣΪּ
Ȱ費ɣ֣ʮס
һڵŭ޴йɽ֣˫νƫƫɽ˵ļˣγ֣ܣñŭɽǴŭǳġ
ⳡǵóѷʿԳ֣ƽϢⳡ־硣
ҶҴҸʱֻǿкͷɥվڳ룬ԱһŮŭĿӣһѶϽУǰؽȻԷһʦֱӽԷıϡ
õĳ֣ǱǹˣֻԷһŮӣʱԷȦͨ죬·СϱŪ˲ΣһϸǰҶһ֪λģϸˣɽּߵѡ
Ҷ´һһŭɽŮȻǼĹϼɽŮ͹诣ѵСͽܣɵðЦ˵ʦľͷ
Աߵ÷ѩһҶһѡ
Ͳʲô£ֺȵͽɽλͬǸرλǸ
һΣԼҲΪɽĸһʱ˵㣬û뵽ǸŮӡǶԷǸеģȫһʣƫƫǸŮӣһޣǧȫϣ˲ԡ
ΧɽǸŹһףǸȻŮǺĳˣͻŮŮԭ£ĳˡ
Ҳܣ诽һţһȻĶϽȵ洫ıң
ʱ󺹡
ҶһĴȣЦٺ٣ˡ
÷ѩһؿҶƤİţ


125 ͻ
޼һۣһȫʤջǽ޼ȣħʮǺ޶ˣֻûмʬ壬ûɹ
Ͷħŵʮɥֵʱ˶֮սһǽ϶ӯĺ˾޵㶼Ͷ·Ķˡ
СڱеʮħǸ֣ͼħѵĸ֣һսҶʵȡΪԻ͵սҾȳѦκ޾εȳ͢ڸ֣һԿħŵʵֱħŵĹҲԱˡ
޼ȣнɻʡƸйλһ飬ΪбҪʱħͬˣʲΪڵʣѦƾԼݡλԼеı֣Ϊͳħ
λԴΪĴħټ֣ͬݳڵΪأʽħս
ϭ˳͢ԼȨĴʮԪϻᡱƹǸʮɸԪɵ»Ѿнû´κˣһΣѦҲûָطκηӦ
ħ˲Ᵽ޼ɵŴɰйᣬ谭ͳһжħŴһʼ̱ŸΪ
ǰΪȻ֮һķǸشɡ
ѦħΪĿ꣬ϻķʽԼĿģдȻҲܶԸ֣չ÷ɾ裬Ҷ˵ж
ֻҶĵ׻һֹ˼ɣǾѦ˽ѵϢ֣ܲչõĶҲ㹻ѣħŻ׳ΣôҪħ֣չӶݣԼһ˵жҪôȫ˿գҪô˵Ƶȥ
жɵǶֶΪգȻȻóɶ츳Ϊ⣬Ϊ֮⣬ǽԼյĽϤڸᣬɽĵһײȱġԪ͡۶񹦡
ϣˣѦԸֽɳϵ֪ĸȭߣָգÿ˶Ϊڡ֡£ǿĲѡ
ͬҶˣҲԸֽΪɳأʵܼᣬ׼ж
Ҷ˽׼жĵڶ죬ٿȻһ˵ϢðѦڶǾ
飬֮ħۡƵսµһĽҪΪ£һʱ֮䣬˲̻̲
ϲµĺ̨£ۼ¼Ϊ֪ļ֣½ǧ˵ʿۼ˴һУһ޴ĻƽԺըɣ֮ˣһ⡣
ҶϢʱѾڸϲ·ϡ
էһϢһֽű֫
ڻûܱ⣡
ⳡµĴ󱯾磬ǷҶƽ޼ȵĵڶ죬һɽԼ¹鸽ʮڵɣƽɵɣԶɹһչ̸Уû뵽ոտʼˡ
ҶһҾ¥ŵϢ֮ϵ˵ص˾̽ȡΪ꾡鱨һ֮£绨ԴҲŲ͡
ѵǵķɸ봫ûյԴҡͷ̾
һζֵĴֱǿδţħŵĹȫİȻˣҲʲôıƣǳս֣ȡƽλֵͬʱ䣬ǸΪһӡ
ħˣ
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ǽ죬Ƿŷ֣ԭĽҲܵġ
جģǾʹһ׮
ⳡΪص֮ٶģǳʮһɵһɱսЩҪôǼ߻ӹܣҪôڶݣһҹ֮δйĴ֮С
һֱѹƵĳ͢ҾȫΪ
ͬһʱ䣬ݻ̣뱱ղֻ֣أлӥʮӥʱսӥͳ֮ܺʮӥǿơҶԭáСӥչȭϣҲ˲
󲿱ַ߷ʱԽĦİ֮⣬һ֧а̫֯ƽ̫ƽկҲƺƴ뱱ңӦӦϵļ
ʿ붫󱬷սսѾ½ݡݡغк֡
Ϸ붫ϵԽͬĦٴݵļǵıȻŴެӰӡ
ȨʮԪϻ˳ƤС
ȻƹͷǸ󣬡ʮɡĴ¡̫׽ڡšѧԺɽˡ¥ѹͷˣһʱҪ͢䲼Ƴ١ݡִᡣ
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Ϊ⼸֮䶼иҪȡݡִǽһЩδìܵĺ÷ͬʱҲƽϢɶʮɳڰռŵԴԹޡ
ݡִᣬٴƳʱ䡣
Σּѵѡʮһĸ֣Ըɵľѧʮһպ׼ͽ׼ɵ⴫ڵĿȫħš
ķӦѸ٣ʵѾħźܾˡ
ҳһţʵﲻ֪жѾΪħŵĸӹħŰ겼֣͸˾󲿷ֵ֮ڣһվս˵жͶħ֮ڣΪĹС

Ҷ˲ݵʱѾص˶ݳǡ
һСԺ֮Уɫ
ĵ罣ǰͬʱһˣ̿徰롣
ʱֵĲˬڷŭıԵ
ԭƻȫ飬͵Լִ֮УԼ죬жͬʱٰ׵ıٰ׵ȫԼʱԼȡٰ׵λãǸͷӴŭҲΪԼ;Լ˺Ƥ
ȡΣպӭȢţȻʧԼɽǣΪڤ𣬸ֱӻָڤڵһɵݣպҷǸ󱨳
һеļƻȻҪһѾɹ¹һֵĲʡ
ôʬ޴棿ЩֹĿ֣ԲܱһЩըҩô׵ĺ
ֳ˻رʱ᳡ٳǧڱը̨¶ը죬Ȼʬ޴桭
޺޵һʯŭٰ׺ħźһǹġ
徰һڲ裬˵ٰΪΪȫɽǵ꣬Ȼĸ˴룬µĸȻԳŵڵһɵֻһЩԭЩɶͼͬˣٰ׵˼Ͼ֮ϣڳ¾ûкӹˡ
徰ʬ飬Ȼɺڰ˫ɷٰ֮ףѪɷΪ²֯徰ѱȻᱻ֮ǰΪһᱻнĵٰӣ󲻽ֹ֮ΪҲϰԣһֳֹֻ̬Ҫٰ׵ĵλҡɱᱻ
罣ɳƵɤ𣬵ĪҪǾ죬ֻҪָٰǰԪףƾɽݣȫȡһɽǾɲ鸽ʱǰп죬ټڤľɲҲԺٰ׷ͥ񡣡
һ֣˵ȲҪҪٵһȣǵһźƣ̫¶ܻᱻֱٰӹһǷǸϹڤݣʱñķֻ֪ͨ׿󣬾һʵ𣬲ɲ
˼ǡ
վУƬ̣ͻȻһתо䣬Ȼȥ죬ΣգҸλ˻빲ĺֵܣպɽǣǷ֮¡ǺǣǵʱһЮ

Ϧ޺ãֻǽƻ衣
вˮϵнڶɺĵڶ󰶵ϿУһƽļԺԺһʯͷĻ֮ڣҶͬС̬еڣһƷ໨ɵĲ룬òǲŲļƬҶһŨǰ
һݼ㣬ҶƳ̾
˵ȣ绨вͷ̩һװԴ޺һڵģԴȻױһ̣ô̱ˡ
һòãȣһ˿ʮӣ˵ǰ̬򯾴
ҶϿ㳤;ƣۣԭĳƵлΪޣܵһ裬ŽԱߵϣǸӣЦ´磬Ϊ㲻
ǱҶ´һ˷ܣҶǹȻӦǣ輸һߵòŸ£ʾҺҶ˲Ŷ
ִܽмĳͼԺڽҲеʵƺڰһöҪӣĿǸ׼ȷοס󽭵ˮ
ΪҶǰɱĦֵжʹŵһɸ֣ҶжĸֶǴΪ塣
ϵ˻ò׼ҶжЩ롰ʮ֣Ȼ֪Щ˵Ҷ뿪֮ĦĸҲ볯͢ĸֻᡢŵ֣⡰ʮչ¶գ˴Ϊ̾ɵð̾ҶǵĺϻμģһǴʤĽ֡
ΪĦЩ̸ִ磬ҶɱǶж׵ԽԽҲ۽˾޵ĳݡ


126 뻢Ѩ
Ҷ˴жΪ˶Ըࡱ֣չãﻹҶó͢˾Ū浽֣չõĶĿΪ˱ܣҶֱӶԼĹϵϵˡƺһ·ӶɺŴˮ·ֱϵϿ
֣չפĲ¡Ͳ̫Զˡߺ·ͨٶȣҲȫܹ
֣չԭĦ뷽ľ£Ϊ޽չøĻʸ̩˾ȨһٽĦֵݷΧ˻ϡ
˵֣͢չıǴΪĲͬΪĻи̫ƽկġТʸ
һⶼǷǸٵĹԱ͢ڲԱ˫࣬Ǹǧ˿ƵĹϵ
Ҷ˸ո˵Ǽ£߻ʲô
۽ܹʮȨ֮ƽϢ˵ݽʮ֣үƽȨʮפݳǣҪ߽֣ү¡ܣҪǶԸЩѾ֤ͶĦɡʹ֣үжݺݵشͶĦǰСˡҾŰΰС˫šϿɡˮá䱽ᡯ̳ȵЩͶĦĴСûһѵõ
Ϊʯ챦ҶȺףԵһʱ䱻ԭΧҲǵ֮Ŵ£ڴͷʱϵĺãСλʱҲûСĸλүлͷ˵ˣպȻкҪλ
ҶǺһЦͷ̫ˣҵҲЩ֮£´ΪתͷʱܵôͷĹգҶĳֵܼѾǴΪмˣǰС£ͲعһˣҪǴͷִԣҵֵܾѾЩ˰ˡ
Ҷ˵ǵǰʥ֮ǰڴϱĦͻϮǼ£Ҫǰ޼ƺ֣㵱ʱȻˣҲֹǶԼһ˵Ľɱ
䣬۽֪⼸ϱȻҪ֪ˣԸ˲ÿСݡ
һ԰ȫҶʼ۾ơ
̩̾һ벻ǸոشħһΣħŷôһǱơ
Դ޵ɲôʷᣬħԤıǴ˼ǣűߣһܹȳѦǣȫã治֪ħŻжıҪʵʩһ룬û׵ĺܡ
绨һȵұһҪִ⹷ƨҶҪѰħ֮ˣһٺɱ
Դһ˰ɣħŵﶼ֪һٺɱ
TMDҰ绨һӻߣ첲Ҫ֡
̩æȰˣˣʲôʱ򻹶
ĦԼİСȵ˵绨ʦ˵öԣϾ˵ҲûȺ˳һ¶ѣֻҪҵˣһٺɱ޵ʱıǱƵģֻÿǰԺϣִ֮ʱ˳ɱˡ䣬Ǹĺõط
ɱ˵ӣǶʲô˰Դ˵
ϣ
õʾ⣬ɭȻʿ

ˮüĵĺ룬˵ǵ˵ǼΪҪ顣ץ֣չãҪ˿ͣĵλ书ǲħŵӦ˵֪Ļһͻƿڣյ˵жش塣һεжǲʧ
ҶĬԼʶмӵȺƽбܼ尾
ˮֹҶʹɫԭȴʻ˶
ıȴһԵ绨ɵüһᣬ˵ϰˣǲǻʲôҪ˵ģϽɣʲôʱˣµģ
ˮʧһЦҡͷ
绨ץӸΣҪУ䲻ҶԵϰˣϴ˵Ǽ¡ðɡ
ˮоһ˷֮ɫԱݵл߸磬Ȼˣͽɡ
ҶͽˮصģȴŪһͷˮĴʤ
Դܲˣʵʲô°
Ҷֶ룬˵Ҫʣ֪ʱ򡭡
оɲ
Ҷûʲô»ԼֵܣһȻ˵ǶȻһӰԶش쳣յ顣
Ҷвӿƽ
Ű֮ǰˮһƻԷ֡ͭϡѧΪնֺеɢǣЩ˵ıߣұͷƮҡĽħŵıƣ֮⣬£ôɵħŵֺ־ۼһԽ˶ڣԽǻɳܳ飬ȫпܽħżȶļƻôҡ
ҪǽЩ֤֤ͶħŵĴɽϽͳ԰֣֧ͶħŵİɴħȻܹħŵӣֻҪħͲסһ֣ŻڲһͬħԮһ򾡣ħŷıս
ˮƻȫǰ֣ǣͬıӣΪԼһ
ֶԿħٵŽһ£ˮƲߣڽħƴһȺŽᵽһΪһṩ⡢
Ҫֵ֪УŴ⣬ɵĸ֣ǾǲӬһкôͻΪ˸ԺκƴҪʲôִټЩ˶жԶԶˮĿľЩ˵ע⣬þ޴ǣסǵıӣԸȲѵ£ħŶԺģԼһ֮ıǴǳҲ쳣ԿƣϾۼִָ󲿷пܶЩΨͼİ࣬Ūþͻǻ
ֻ̨µ¼֮ҶԼ̫棬Ҳ̫ʴȡ
ԼôԸ⣬Ҳǻȥģ䱻ħŲٿأ类Լٿ
ǽô̩ʵ
ԴЦʵֱɱ븮ڽ֣չðܳɣ
ҶعͷЦʵкβɣ
˲ɵȻ

ƺ۽ΪҶ˻ĵ
Ҷֻ˵Ҫִܵ¡۽ţڶ˳µһǰ˲¡
۽ⲻ٣¡֮ھԼ꣬װǰˮɡ
֮峿ʱ֣ӵִ¡
ڽˮٶҵĶ£۽ܵ½ʳᵽ׼õ⳵ϡ
̩绨װڻԺصǵվڽˮԡ
Դް˷뵱۽ܵĵԱļ˵֮ڣٴλһ·ֱӴӺŴ˳ȥ
¡ڣ˶
ֻòװ֪ã
ݱǷ֮أʿۺʱࡣ
ȻĦ˻ϣݸոս͢ʹŵڶͶĦɽˣݸһƬ঵龰ں߻ܵӰߵĳҲ֣һսʱķ١
¡ϴǎˮ裬ԺӵͨΪҪΪʮιͨţʯĴ֣ݰۡСɷ״֣ͨȻ
֣չڵİ칫ۡ;լԺ¥ĥשߣԺ໨հ꣬սĺۼ
кӵ䣬裬ϸˮһ
Ҷֵܼһ¥£ⲻԶ֣չڴ˵ذ칫ĸãӴڿȥͥԺζܿü
Դ֮ǰʸ̩ԸĦ룬һʱ䣬Ϥ߸˵֣չƾֶζڻ˴ƻ͢ļֺ֣ӵˣ⣬볯͢Գܶ˶ý˻Ӽϣǳ͢í˼ñףⲻ֪֣չڴ࣬ƨҲûֻǹơħǣֻʵĲƸҲħŵˡ
̩ƾŸýʿʵЩ˿عأ֣չúΪȴͣôֺ֣òǸħŲʵɡ
ˮһЦ֣չûôֻǸǸ档
ԴЦȽϰȣһϣÿ˽Թϵл𲢶񶷣ÿÿ˲ˣֻҪ£ɧң֣չһ򶼲ȡε̬ȣʵȥܡ¥ƹݺͶĳȵطûе˶ȥӡ
ôȥͻȻʵ
Ҫ˵ֱɱȥ绨˵
ȵϣǱȥôԴ˵
ҶͽˮǳĬȻ취ʲôð취
绨ǳûȼֻǾͱˣԴ޵⿴ƿף䱸ɭϣ绨Ҳȥ
ƺﲻݣ⻹δãüʵǾץˣָô뿪أǸħ֮ûа취Ÿϵ֣ݳǣ
ˮʱ˵ģѾź˺˵·ߣʱа취뿪ɲΪؾġ
ҪиϤۡε˰ǾͺˡԴ̾˿˵
绨ЦΪʲôֱиֱӰǴ֣չǰòˡ
Դ޵˵ͷҪиֱӴǼ֣չþ͸ˣ

绨Ļ䣬һֱҶͻȻǰһһЦԴ޵ļ˵TMDǸǣһ뿴ʵˡ
ʵˣԴеԺʲô룿
ˮһҲЦţʵˣ
۵ۿֻ֣չõĸۡڣ߳Ӱɫ࣬ѵЩ˵Ҷ˵ȴ˵С
ɵ֣Ʊ롢лư͹Ʒˣһ棬С̫С񼱦ǵ׵һˣǱˣǼ˵İֵܣʮӻʸ̩
ʸ̩ɫһŭȻ֣չʲô
һãжʮӭϣƥ׼ȥ
ʸ̩׼ȥȻǰһƹһӣȴһöͭǮʸ̩һ̧ͷȥʱ㵵
Ϊƹ̫Ѹ٣ֶǸһʱ˻ʸ̩֮⣬Ȼûע⵽
ԱߵСӸǰʵӣ߰ɡ
ʸ̩һ֣ҲһʱҹҲûгԷһָǰľ¥ʸ̩˵λֵҹұˣһأҳԶˮƣ
ʱȻкá
СӺ֣Ʊ˶벻һ˼ϽĻʸ̩ôͻȻ˳Է
ʸ̩λվãʵȻ޴棬һ˵ϰȻԷԣȻӦŵȥ


127 ֱ
ʸ̩ĿΪ˴ߴã֣չڻʸ̩󷽣мõҪֻ֣չڹȻԻʸ̩ǰһǮҲûͣǰʿԼƸõĽ֣޲Ϊ
ʸ̩˴ߴΣ֣չԸֽѣɴ಻ʹʸ̩һŭ֮£ǰҪʡ
û뵽ʮ֣չǼˣһû䣬ûǮûûѺ͡
ƢȵĻʸ̩Ҳò㵱ӡճۡ׼೯֣͢չãû뵽һžҶһˡ
Ѧ˵Ͳ֮󣬻ʸ̩ЩԥǲѦжϣϾר֮Ȩ˵Цġֻ룬һֱΪ֣չǷǸˣû뵽ȴǸ˫пħŵļϸԼֵһ˵жǲӦջǸպҪĳͻأ
ʸ̩Ĳ뱻ҶȻΪͽˮиµĲ²⡪һǸħᣬأ
ʸ̩ҶĲŵɫ԰ףˣֻԼʸҵĽɽ᧿ΣˣĵĲֻǼλ´ķ
һʸңԲ˼ʥصĽԳʸƽΪ½ʱ½Ķңܵ˺ı㲻ֻˡ
ǹ˼ʸ̩һҧеԸҶһж
ԭҶֻûʸ̩ͣװʹٴǰʸ̩ԣԼ֣֮չòŸӲỳɡ
ʸ̩˵ǲȰңѾԼֵðգȴһԹۣҵΪˡĦ뷽һֱܰȣ;ʱ䣬һͬжƻħŵļƻ
Ҷͽˮһۣͬʱ˵ͷ
Ҷ˵ȻˣһҪҵķԸ
Ըˡ
ãҶЦºװЮֵӣһ£ҲԶڳܰ͢Ǹ࡭
ʸ̩ʾס
˵Щʸ̩ȡһͼᣬԴްῪڳռ̯ϣȻ֣չڸۡͼɾϸ
Դ޴ڣۣĸ磬ҿͶ֣չò⣬׼
ʸ̩һЦǵǰĦжô֮ʱԭ֣չòȨұ׼˳ֿԸ㵽ͼ벻컹õˡ
ֳ˵⼸Ѿ֣չЩԾݿɿϢۡӦ˼֣֮ͣչԷ̸ܽʱ䣬ƺʲô֣ۡչõݵλǸҲΪӣҲԴ˺ģ֮Ըв١¡߻ӣʱرСġ
ߵʱСĶãǾӦսپ䲻¡
ʸ̩ŹֵؿһŨؿߣôҲĵطˣȻܹҶμҲǸֵεˡ
ûж룬ʸ̩ͼϱȻţ֣չõۡǰһ¥ǵŵĸţƵĲҵ֣չõ֮ɵعԱر⴦ṩ֣չ칫լԺҪǰԺǰԺߵ¥ԸȺͼɽطָҪӴһͣдĸ֡
ˮʵ֣չõݣӦòЩס̫⵹Ǹṩֵʱ
ʸ̩ͷȷˡԺǰԺһֲľ˲¡ʮʤ֮һ˳ƴ԰Գʮ¥ֻ֣չΪε˲Żס򣬶Ǽ¥кͷĿˣǰݷã֣չöȻӼ
Ҷ̾ѵģﶯˡ
ˮǴﳷˣ
ʸ̩һָС˵ﳷˡ۳ɹʧܣǶˮ·뿪Сӳˮֱһץס֣չãһ·ͿŴ˳ֱ£ｭȻ˺ӱϣֱӦ츮ϰʱԵ֣ݳǵĿ⸮
⸮ѦԼյˡʱԼɡ
ŶԴ̾һ˵·
ûҶ̾Ϣһ˵ץס֣չòǿʼܲܰͻȥǹؼݵλָ͢ˣԸǾͲˡŪ÷Ǹһ֣׵ֶΪУƫƫֻŷǸǡ
ԴһƲ죬Ǳ
绨дȵô࣬˭סңҾһı
˲ɵһ˷ۡ

ʱһֱ˻ƻ衣
Ƴϵʱ֣ʸ̩һٴιฮ
СӺ֣Ʊ롢лưƷɵӣȻ׼˵ĽӦ
ԭ֣Ʊ˻Ҷһˣϻʸ̩һˣٴʱฮ
һǰŵľһʸֻ̩ˣæסȥ·ʮүôֻˣ
󵨣үٻһ㱨ɣԴԺǳ
Ƶıġ
ңȴû·үĻСĽӵү岻ʣߺԸ¹٣ʲô˶¹ٲҿкãҪһˡ
ž
һͰٴԭתȦһͷת֮žž³ŴѪݣ׵ͷ
ˣһȣͷ绨бŭһѾסԺľٵĲӣүļ֣չҲҲӭ֣չΪԼ˭ǻϣ
ɹˡ
һ£ԭεʵѸȴεæʡǰĿǵӵ׶ӣүȻЩƽҫģһƷԱԴ廹ûжԿĵӡ
绨һñӿŵĽ켸̱ˣĵλСȥͨȥͨ
һ֣ͷ¿ߵ˵ʲôȥ棬ѵү𣿡
תܣæͨ
ߣ
ʸ̩ߣһΣЩıҲû˸סǡ
ͬʱĵװЦԭ֣չܵĵ㷢һЩ

绨һ˦ŵĽٱֶԶһڵϰ춼
һ˴ùң·ϸɫȺĳ͢Աô鷳ļһϳͷǵʮӣҲ֪֣չλʮ֮ìܣ׷ָָ㣬Ҳû˸Ҳͽȥ
ܽȥıʱںԺغȵʮӼݵӭӰ
Ȼǿʸ̩Ѿ˹ЩͨͷฮͷֱӺһɤӣǸԺѡ


128 Ѩս
֣չ⼸һֱܲ
ʵ̫ˣÿһݶǾء
ħš֮һġ׻ǻʸ˫֮һ࣬ʮ֮һѧԺĺĵӣԺϾСʦܣҲǱǸĳ͢Ա
λ߶ȨأڷǸ󡢳͢ħ֮䣬ܳԵÿ
õݵλҲҰıʮǰʼԼħš͢ͷǸ֮⣬ȫԼʮŬСгɾͣΪƭ˷ǸȺŮˣȴұ֤ȫסħŵļ졣
һʱ䣬еЩ̫Ծ
ԭýѦһʱնûɱڽմϢ˵ѦȺ˱˾˳ȥ֣չô󶯸λ
лɱѦˣΪʲôҪǻҪ֪ʹѦмƱ鱨ṩģǸṩ鱨ԸĶǱѦǸϼһ˵
ħѦ˵ɵò֣չøеܵвջֲ̿ѵʥſҴô
֣չǸˣͬʱҲܹѧ˵Ӱ죬ħһ桢ǿʳۼΪͬģȴȫͬħŷԵֶκͿƷЩĿԡ
Ⲣ˵֣չǸˣ෴սթΪĿĲֶΣֻظûħͽǹӿȵľͷ֪ԼҪʲôȨλƸ
ʵڵݵλӵЩ㣬Ϊͷϻӣģǽܲ˵ģʸ¡ƵС׿Ƕѹڶ֣չõͷϣִĸо
ҪΨһһ
ħš͢ǷǸĵλǲϲµĵطмֵλãġࡱݣݣκˣȡԼĵλҪ߿Լһۡ
ڵ֪Ѧӳ޼ȵʱݵλ򲻿ܵģûˡࡱݵλǸƨħŻǷǸ󣬶Ϊһʧȥüֵ˳ʲôǸ龳Ҳˡ
֣չڵȴѦǰţ˷ǸİģڻʸǰԼƵһɶ
ǸҲΪԼһ˵ṩ鱨󡭡
˶ѣѦΣ
֣չòѦ״ǶħŵķӦЩġƵǸκĵǿȨеһ˿һĶߣпʹɱ֡
ѵ
Ƿʲô
֣չõһЩûףԣʱ̶ſֵܳľ䡭

ʸ̩ȥ֣չô⡣
룡
֣չȻвˬԷϾǻʵ϶׶ӣǴ˵ضԼļŵӻǸġ
ߣΪЩѣ˿۵ͱ֣չתƣΪ͸ʽԼûУҲȡ衣Ϊ˱⳯͢ĳ飬˻Ҫģͷٲ鳭˵ͶĦ룬ŪЩŪˡ
һҵĽŲ𣬼ĻͻȻʹߣ֣չôһ벻ԷȻҴ
ոմλվ۵һǰѾƿʸ̩Ϊף󺺴ǰŭ֣չá
֣չ˫Ŀһ֣ɨǰһۣһƺ룬ʵʮʲô˼˵ǰֻҪаʱ䣬׼ɣҹǰҸۡѵΪԼǻӱͲô
ʸ̩ЦԱҶǰһ֣һƹȥ֣չָһУ˿ɵֳһͭơ
ǡ
ƣҶȵѦ֮ǰȥʻϡ

Ӱʶ塢̩绨Сʸ̩ԴޡҶˮ߸Ӱ˶
֣չŭȣͬʱˣ󵨣˷Ǹ䣬͢ޱºʮԪϻּ⣬ĸץң
飡
֣չǽһ⣬ǰ֣չˣһ飬ӴںȻ˺֮УͬʱĴ֪ɱ˹
飬飡䣡
ҶҲǽų˴⣬绨Ǳңֱӽǽײһһ֣չ
ѣʯ
ǰգۼ㴳˺ߵĴ֮ڡ
xǼǵĿȫʱ
Ŷŵһ̨ӣ˶ʮ󺺣⺷ƲЩȻڴ˾ۻᣬΪ̨ϷŵķǾƲˣǸʽıԴ
ԭ֣չвĽֶɵߣȨ֮ǰڲ벻ʸ̩Ȼ˴ʱǰ˸š
֣չùЦȵЩ˴治ɱ࣬ɱǣ
Ҷ˴صʱѷӿ
˴ùϣòֻܷ𹥻
ڴлϣҶһۣͬʱһڸ˲ǰӲ֣չǰϹԷ죬һͶͷȥ˸ոԾͶһ˹ȥ
ͬһʱ棬յ磬֮
ֻƬʱ䣬ɴ֮̿ͣ㣬Χ֮ڡ
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һ˵һгϻնȥ
Ҷ򳤽Ʈ޶֮ĸо
ƺ֮䣬ͷϳһװŮü续Ŀ޼СдսһġڹѸ
ֻϵǵҶ˰ֻǱһĺߡ
ǶܹǵĴ۾ֺ۵ϷŽĺΣ˿ϸü۽ǳбȧ߱ͦۺ촽ѩݣ˵޹⣬̫ҫˡ
ǺǣλС磬
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ҶһΪΪţ̼㻯ǧâŶԷȥһ֣ԱٿȻܳһֳֳǹĻҰͷˣгǹͬһԭȻкڶҶĽâ
Ҷһ㶣ЦԭҲˣô
֣չħйᣬŵʹİ벽ĸǰֻǲ֪ħŵûר̸Ϲġ
һǹ˵ʹԷŭʱҶһ̼ŭȵƽ̸У
ƽû˵
ҶЦӳԷǹпķɡ
ʸ̩ǰһĸһˣЦƽݴɡǹᡯǹԷʦܣΪͬʦֵңֽײƳµʦɱԷǧ׷ɱΪޡܣ
ƽȻӲ˸ŮˣԷʼҳţΪǹĻ֮λ׷ɱңҲǺԼͬĳ±Ƴѡ
һ£
ҶһͬʱнѪˡ
Էֻ˲ɼ书ס
ҶƽΪ׵ļͬʱΧսС
ʱԸһȥд޷ų۵ĵâԷɫʲϼĳ»ȥԷʴһھȻæ鵶ˡ
Էʴھޣƫ׷ʴһ׷座Ȼ¹ϣ跭֮ԷĽϮͬʱոһ֮󣬵ƴӹĽǶȻӳһĵâֱĲ
ڹѸ಻ܡ
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ˣԭֻ˼Ҷ˿ǰ泤ᵶĵͣһʤ֪һ֣ԷھԭֵڹȻ죬ۺһѵֱʹ÷ǳ
̺ġʴʦؼǧ򻯣ûڼŲµˡ
ֻĵâն٣ǱӴܣƫƫһֵ׺ݣݲһ˿һĴ⡣
ǰ̬䣬вʴ˳ŵâܣδϵʦУԶԷһеâȴ޴ӻ⣬ֻӲƴһǡ
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󼲹ٿȻ𣬷ϰգǰбβȵķٵ
飡
֣չ̲ס֣ʵľδһǿʱϵһϣľмǿ쮷ɡ
屻ǿˡ
ߴ󺧳ľмǵĻϣƬɫĻ𻨡
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֣չóֵ˲䣬ƿһ޴Ŀһ޶֣չѹҵľеĸִ׵ҶҲվȣˡ
ԡκ޾ڳˣ
κ޾ڴˣ֣չùħţͼı죬ȷãĸ裬۾ѹ֮
κ޾αȵӷɢ˲䴫ۡԭĳ͢ʱԥǰ
ʱֻ֣չõĸǲŲܲ˵ؼ
Ժ֮Уֻ֣չĸִڣУԱҶΧȥ
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΢ŵİƷ֮
һֻ̣Ҫ㣬ìֱӵɱδȵֵʹɱ֡
̩Ҳ룬дһգǰ֧ìնϣŵƱǣһȣµӿҫۻƹ⣬뵶ڳһ壬ٶȼʸӲҪ嵽ǰì֮С

ķɰܼȴԴ޺ͽˮֽЩķɣϵǿҲö˺롣
ǿ־Դ޾
ˮǶȺгֵ֣ȵŵˣ
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Űա졢¡ޡ˫ĸűֻ֣Ÿֱֲĸ֣ĸֶƣ˭ȡõġҶͻưµġֻء壬ڵλأֱӵܡ
ҲԽأֻŵӶôСΪŵıǸѪԵϵ֣Ǹʵ֡Ҳ˵ֻҪ书֮䣬пƼͬһ֡
Ҳˣ֮Уÿ˵ıֶпܱ仯˫ֱģҲһξֱġڲԼľƣ˭ҲԼֱĸ֣㱻ȥڲΪңųɽĵҲǳ
ƼҶҩĿ£ȫڰĶҲΪƼӵֵܳĿ죡
֮ʱѾȵǰƮһ£ͻȻٵ꣬ѵ궤ƿռһ㣬ֱӳ˵ǰ
ŵӹȻף
ȻǰֵˣҲ޷ǳֵٶȡ
ֻһΣҲּͬĸ֡
صİոճ֣һĹӰѾ
ң
Դ޲ܣǰǰɿأź˵ԲˣڿγһĶ磬һ죬ֹ֮ͣʱԴǰѾմ˸ְ


129 Ϊ
Դ޼򵥵һоȻаյ˫ĿԲŵعֽһĸ
Դ޹һЦ벻ɣСүġרЩʹðСˣ
һһ˦ݡ
մ˵İأزӲӣãΧȴǶֵܲҳһƬûͣҲ˲ͣڲҽ˵ء
شһԼר궤İҲֻһǶϻɰΪٶȺҲһЩԶԷר˰ıУʵǱƵġԼ˰֮ΪóṦҲڵʥӵǰòôˡ
ŭУԴСڣѸɱذһѳذףԼóĽԿԴޱһĹ
ˮ绨ɱ˭֪һɲǼ䣬ߵϣͻȻһ죬ʮǿֳ֣ǿÿŹҶҡ
ۼֿĽˮһ棬죬ҼɻȰ
绨һȣ˻ɽɫ޺һ㣬һӣǰǿһշӭ˷ɻȰҼ
תۼ˱ѱɸ⬣
绨𣬳һ෿ܣ˭֪ǰһ๭Ҽ̷£澹Ȼһ๭֡
Զùǿߣһ죬Ⱥ䣬ס绨ǰܹܵĵطʹһ޿ɱܡ
绨ȻЦﺦ˼꣬ȻȥĻϴ꣬ۼҪϷܶȺִɱ䣬Ȼһһһľ绨ǰأ绨ӴӲضȥʮԶͷ绨ƽһؿϲͣȥѱƣȴġ޺ͷ
ˣ绨Ҳ³һѪ˵ˡ
ŵġơʸ̩ѣ֮ǰĹò
ƿһӰԾϸ߲С¥ˣǸֽ˶ӣĿһӥӼΪעĿ
ӥɽŵͽơ
е
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żٷҶˡ
һ죬ڲɱ񣬽ϮĹķɣжһ˿ΧߵĸֺɱһʱΪǱ
ǣƴѵĹ֣ٴ乭Ϯˡ
һٿȻ
ƹһ˲仮ҡ
ֻáԡԡһ̵ļ죬ʮǿĹңͬʱƹϡ
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˭ô˵ָͭǮʮŹң
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ֵɫҲȫѲұ䣬δüȡùңˮѾԾϷܣһʩչСǽãǧ򻯵ʽԡɽ÷֡һڹɱٲܳ
һҪ̧Թ绨ѾһԾ趯磬ɽԾϷƶͷң
벻Լһ֮Ȼָ֮죬䲻Ĺֻù绨һȡ
ŵ񹭶ǶƵļƷͨ徫˿ʺ϶ɣȫԵֵ˵ĽŻһʹù似
绨ûбֵ̫ģֳֹҪס绨һ߬סֱ֧绨ؿڣ
δϵ绨һȼΪ磬ڸһӴ˲䣬һ޿ɿܵľϮͬľϵĶһ绨һĽ˷֮ڡ
䣡䣡
绨ѹŴȣƴС¥Ķ¥ֱӺС¥֮ڣͣٴײƶ¥ĵذ壬ֱҽС¥ĵײ㣡
ǿľһ¥Ŵȫ飬̳ڱѹ˳
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ҶǰƽˣͬʱãֵһһĹ
һתͷԼ屳ĽǶȿȥü˵ġڹѸնһţëϸ룬ȫȥһȺŭ˵Ķ䡣
Եʮ󺺣ʱ岻һɴֻҪͣͻǲϣս֮֡
֮ӣвֹڴˡ
ߵĸǽϣʱԾ˽ֵɱѶȣһʱս֮С
֮ڣκ޾κ֣չõĴս׶ΣּĸֶսҪȫӮԷ־ܰ쵽顣
벻֣չЩʵȻĹ췴ҲҪӲõ
ⱾʲôƵ壬ʷĵùȴҶΧ޷˳γֱΧľˡ
ҶƾһȦħذѷţëϸȫ볤ľһСȦơ
ţë뻯յĹ㣬ӭʮȫڡ
ҽУںֻʶǱ뵹ء
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Щ˶֣չΡࡱľ¡
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ĻԾ£԰ټƵĵˣʹݽһһΧУƽһҪɽƵ
ÿһ˾ȦȦâ磬Ӧˣǰѵˡ
һǹһִ๥ǹʮ㣬ǵг͵ĺ֡
ʱֹˮľطӳսÿһ˿ı仯Ӧ侲Ӧԡ
Ѹжϳʱϣ޿ǹǰͬʱͬǶȹı
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ŭһббеҼȴʹһжһһͦ
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һ죬ֵ˽ѪˣͬʱҼѪ
ʹĸʿжԻԭǹб仯û뵽Ѿ浶ߣ۵ǰ˫ճֵʿ˳ƵǰжԷıǣͬʱײѪɵ֮ʱѾѪ²֪ˡ
ʱҶȶסʱ̣ŷ˶ƽʹȫһ
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Ҷǿһ˲䱬֮ƿɢâ
ûһĲúͻԻͣҲûһٶȣѲһŭһ
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Ҷٴη˻صʱƽȴȵ˵ϣǹڵ֮ϣɰֱֻ˼Ϣʱ䣬վҲûжѴ䣬ѽӲ
Ȼÿ˾ͶѪȻƽ˫ù˳ͬʱҲüĴ
ƽҶһɱʬ徹Ȼֱ˼ȺȻ
ԭҪǰɱķﾪһǰ֮ƶˣѾȫûĸҶˡ
һһӣ˵ʱʧ˵һǰֱκ޾κ֣չö˼սĴöȥ
̩µȴһһǺգ˶ĽɫεâѳǰĶʮìֻӳΣǰĲҽа
Ҷӹйƣȫ޺֮ǡ
ǰ̩ڲ࣬ҶںͻƵ˷˴ã׼κ޾֣չá
绨սƣԴ׷ɱأˮոɱɢ֣ӭͷ
֣չøۡڵĴսһı䡣


130 ȭ
ҶٴκȻʱӭһ͵紵ٿȻһ٣ͬʱб棬סΡ
͵ľεϵĻ䡢ž죬ƫƫݱϱʧӰ١
֣չáκ޾ĸֶսȻʵεؿڼ޵ķΧ֮ڣûһ˿һй
ܽĹٿص˾׼Ѿﵽ˺ŵĵز
ԭŰκ޾һѣ˺֣չһãû뵽ֲֻѾ޷վȡ
˾ǰ͸ǰ֮ǽϵؿ龰
ԭΪ춯صĴµ˾Ȼһֱһδֻǻšƺκ޾ƿݶȡһ֮󣬱㱻Էذƽ֣ʱɾԭ򣬲Ƕ˵ڿлλʼٸߣȴǽضŶԷһ
ֻǿƾ˾Чʵ˾塣
ԭĩһλġצһȣԵôΪ
ʮκ޾βʮһλǿ̶ȴ֮ƽĶۣ̫ңӦκ޾ڱ޼ȹȵ׵ʱڣʵѸ٣Ѿԭ
֣չ÷ŷǳƳǰڲкȻֱӿһգգĶκ޾Σû쵽Ҷ˵Ĵڣһ壬Ʒۡ
˲³ħŵݣȫķԻ
κ޾ΣĴһͺͷ⣬ζ״ȴҰһͣϣɵĺޡ
֣չôһ䣬˵ԭκѶˣǿϲɺأ
κ޾һ㵹ǲ⣬ԭһΪء
֣չùЦĻ֮Ҳö˵κ֡ʽ롾񹦣Ҫһκڶڽʰأ
κ޾һľ޶Ȼ죬ӳȻʮΣ
֣չһȻôǿ˱ѧԺ徭ȭκΪֹڴˣδЩд˰ɣҪκΪ⡾徭ȭֻǾŸʽеء
ҶҲɵ֣ͬչõĿ
ȻûмʶѧԺġ徭ȭ书֣չ㼶һͨȭУҲѳȭʽõȫ޶Ѿǳ̬⡾徭ȭֻоУ֣չУҲԻпһ㣬κޡ
κ޾ʮ֮ȷʵЩд
κ޾Цףһھš徭ȭɱ仯Բ־壬򲻻ᱻΪ徭ȭˡκ޾ûбֹ֣ظʹóͬʽʶͬȭʽȴû취ƽ⣬кʸΪǱˣκб£֣־ȭʩչϣʮеʱȻʤʱʤҲƨ
κ޾λﻰƿ죬ȴһֺĸо
˵ף֣չб¸ҽͬһʽʹΣӾб£
ţԿ
֣չòɵȻʧЦκ˵Ŀʵ֪κǷŵأ¼ְκֵĵʮУ¿ɷʹΪֹ֣ĳȻȥӴңأ
Ҷɴ۾κ޾ĴӦԷҪ֣չݸϵشзƻ֪ͨħһжƻʵʩӦԴʩѣļƻϾͻǳ
Ҷȵܷߣ
֣չȻҶһۣһˮͷ£ҶϢһתĦڭ޹Ȼ·ھϽȫһ㱣Ĥס˶ԷĶԷ־ĸӰų⣬֣չ׳´Ҷһۣ龪ɲ
κ޾ȴ֣չõĻ֮ԱǣңڣôٻȨô
֣չջĿ⣬룬ǺǣǸˡ˼ȥЩ᲻áκֲ֣ĳһѿɺã
֣չͻȻʾȴκ޾һȻƾȻ˼֡
Ҷһã֣չýƻթֵȼʾκ޾ԸֱֱȥڶԷѾʾζǰ£ľܵӰ죬񱩵̬һϹв֡
Ҷæ֣Ȼд˼Ǻαش󶯸ɸꣿ͢ھ㶼ǷƮҡֻ֣ڴʱлֻҪҵȼѦһ棬˵ħŵıƣɾ£й𢣬д֡αһһߵͣȵϳΪµĴӢۣ͢ȻǴķͣǴпܡ֣Ҫ뽭Ҫɣǵ̣Ϻ˸˵һ֣к˸Ҳ֣հأ
֣չһ㶣һ԰һֱҶħźͷǸ֮ǰҡڣ͢ҪͶĳ͢һ͢ŤתǬҵĹҵǿ˸۳֣͢󹦳ȡ󣬱˵ȡʸҴ֮Ҳδɡ
ԹųԣԽԽΣյ飬õġ
ԼͶǸ󣬻ħ֮ڣ¶޷ǵõǸˡ
֣չҶ˵˲䣬Ѹ˶δΪ֮ĳɹҸ룬ֻ˲䣬֣չñѣһ⣡
ԼӰκ޾εĶ־û뵽ڽͷȻǸСӵĹƻԼɥʧ˴󲿷ֵĶ־
ֵεֻ֣չһ˲䣬ͷֻԺһգ۵Ĺ򣬱㱻κ޾ץ֣չûһнѵ˲䣬κ޾εľ޶ѾХ˹
һͬʱ𣺡һУУ
κ޾һ֣Ҷ塢̩ʱۣ㲻Լһ۾
κ޾һǰ̽ٶȻȶȥֻǰݸԷһ㣬֮ʱԭʮľ룬ֱֱ˲ȫ㣬޶ֱ֣չõԴ
ֽسɴ硱ķǰδţֱ񻰰Ĵڣ˵Уûпܵͻǰ˲͡
ȺĿɿڴ֮ͨеҪһʱ¶˼ı飬Ȼɴ˫ۣۿ
˵ľʽҶ۲˵ȼֵĶԺѧʶһ㡣
֣չ˫ֱ˫ĿʢĿעκ޾Ρ
κ޾εĻӶˣȻɴֱ֮εԭΪһں㳣֮аǧ򷨵ζ
û˿϶Ѱʹ˸еʽĵһУƼ򵥣ǾءûпʼûսһС
书ˣѾˡĲΣ
޶֣չõǰ𣬴֮ٷǰã֮ɱ֮
֮ǰÿռŰٿȻȫ˾޶֮ϣ˼֣չõһŹâ֮⣬ռȫΪڰգݶƶ¶£ҲȻʧɫоֹ㣬Խͣݡ
Ҷ˵ǰʱٿκ޾Σֻо޶ײ֣չõһ㡣
޶ûκƷǸһǽҶȴյκ޾εһֵأκ޾ε湦
֣չóӲƴһ;⣬һѡ
ȻѾᣬ֣չκ޾ȳ֮ڶˡ˲䣬ҶҲΪʲô֮ǰκ޾ȻȻڳϱԷƽ
Ϊ֣չõʵйġ
ھ޶ǰʱ֣չòܣǰӭκ޾Ρֻһ˲ĸоʵĶ˷ˣ죬ֻٶϵѲ⣬ɽ˿ͷʹѣƫÿ˲̴
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䣡
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κ޾ΰ͵һ޶·ǻԾѰҶ֣һ޹֮˳һϺ֮Ĵ䣬ֱ֣չõϥǺȥ
ڶУ
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ᶦ֮⣬
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κ޾ζƱ仯ȫת޴ͭһƮƮľ裬޷վ޶һ̵λãХķȴľֱӡ
κ޾βûпڣսʩչУǰÿһж֣չò۹ʼֻѹ׵һʽӦ
κ޾ƽǽ˷ʱ֣չͷ½ϵͷϷӰֱֱ´죬ײκ޾ζУȻסһֻ޶ζ´첻ͣұ⣬Ӳײκ޾ͷǣʽն
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κ޾ζɢȥּ֣չ⡣
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Ĵ˹أռ֮ңƮݵζκԺͱīݡ
ҶҲҪۻңеԼ÷ǳࡣ

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˺Ȼǰ봬ӭֵشһƬ
Ӿһ֣ȵǣǶˣӭͰ
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133 п͵Ǵ
ٸδЦӻرԹѽѽүлүǵļλֵˣūҵŮǲ֪ȴǵȵöĽأ
лư˼ѪһغٺټЦͷܻʸ̩λҵĺѻƹӣһ֣չõļ򣬸ܵλʱĴ֣Ա⣬㶨ҪϤź𣿡
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Ҷֲ˼޶ȥȻǰƮ÷ѩӰӣŵһ飬æĬѩѩĪҪңǷ곡Ϸ壬Բ꣡
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ʮŮͲ˫ʮ껪֮ˣɫˣ˶棬ҶܵëƬϴ񣬱ֵȻȺɫԴȴǿֱеӼڲϣҲȥ
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ʸ̩Ҷ벻ôҪֵĽɫ
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ͷӱ峤ͦΣӢһرŮıųðǧӢˬǳעĿɫʱɫѹȥǹս˾Ķˡ
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İ죬Ȼ¶ȳٳȫڻҪɭϵȣһûΪ봬֮󣬷ʾƵظٵѹȥĿ޳ٵ̫ˡ
ｿЦ֦Ҳǰкϣⲻǳ˺ôʲôѶλһ𴵵ϣô̿ɲҪŻǴϵĹϣ
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ȻĳͣԼæϵĪԹҵȣһ¹ش󣬲òˣʾעһˣͬʱЦŽܵҸһλӢܡλϺϹҵϹӣλŮ˾ͽҵ˾ͽС㡣λ
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һȻЩһɲ̫ͬһ·ӵôأһֱǽϵͬʱ֡
ġ˴ҡǹյĽϣϺϹϣ˾ͽϣĶϣԭıڤϣ¤ҵϣӵĴϣһԭǿĻʸϣԻʸϳΪ֮󣬱㱻߳˰˴ң˷踮鸽ϡ
֪˴֦ͬˣһڳ͢ڲ棬һЩҵҪԴûǴٲֽ񣬽һȴ֪ʲôԭ
ţ˴ҵĲƸռһ룬˵Ǹɵйģ˴֣Ժ֡͢
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˼㣬ų͢඼˿һ֪ηģԭʤһ˵֮ʱ˼Σȫڵ¶֮ɫԱߵ˾ͽСѾͷҲ¶̶ŵģԱʾԶ롣
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ͬʱҲǰԿЦ겻ǿ֣չãǼҲȫˣʵǺСӵıһȭ᲻ź
ֳȻΣںϹĻȴ͸¶һΪǿϢࡱ֣չñ˽ٳ֣
ӾһɻϵŮŮʦȫŵѪɫ
áѽһԴϯ𣬾еλ˵Ŀʵ飿żȥסﰡҪ㿪뿪Ƿ֮أĪҪ˳ûǡ
ҲǻʧɫȻûǸδϹʶǳȻ֪ࡱ֣չʲô书ͷô᲻أ
ﶼ˽ٳ֣ҪĵҴϣЩҲȻûеֿ֮
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ڿһԴޣŵͷǴ⡣ʱɫְ̫ڣҪ켩ӷԲ͹Сȥʱǣý贬һ뿪Ƿ֮ء
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վӾͷ󺹣ȻҲңЩŷֱǸƨ
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ȴϵĿ¶֮ɫȫڵȾ¶һϷı飬һ
Ȼ䣬һִֻԱ˳һѽӦӾ˿ǵӿգһŻļӴڵأصһڵˤ˸顣
лư𣬵λϹӣлú˵α˶
лư꣬书ǰѲͬնԷȻ֣ԼǸ죬ӦзӦϣ󣬸Ӿһʱ˸֣־ӾһΡ
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ĸƨ
֮ǰԽڶ͵ش˳лưһ
лưҲӵܳǵڣƢҲǰĵث֣˻ʸ̩֮λţȥұ鷳ѾǺܲˣôܻί
ʱһ֣лưʱ𣬶Էһֱؿڣ΢һֻµʱͱߵÿѪ˿û˼
лưʱӾס䣬ۿԷһۼҪӡؿڵĿյ͵سԱһʱùֵһţͬʱŶԷϥؽںһң
꣡
ϥѣȵʱۡ
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ȫڵʱ벻ԷȻһ֣
ǺॣһεʵһȺͬʱεʣ׼лưһʱɱӯʱҪɱ˵ģ
Ӿŵÿһ㱳ȥ
˵ľ۵ǺҲӲȻõ֧סӣӲһǵͨغݺݶлưûٺ߳һʿɼεǿ
Ҷ֣
ӰһϹŭ¶ֵ֣Ķʱлưܹļޣ˫ӣָתԼĽУҲֻмУԷһȭлưʺͬʱҽºݵţлưȣطϵһȡ
лưоˣٶȴ³ˣۼԷһȭһűҪӡԼϣڴʱڹٿȻ֣κԤףôƾճһ㣬죬Ϲֻȭͷͽͬʱһԭһȭһŵʱڹס䣬Ϲžȵɫ˱ͬʱȥ
лưϹ˶УѾֹͣڹ⾹Ȼף
Ǻεǿֱš
лưԺСʦҶʩչָ񹦡ʱķɣͬʱףʱֵĶȻСʦɣҿлĻףٿûܵκ˺Ϲʱ˽Сʦ岻飬һϢˣìܼСʦܰѶԷȭͷͽ׵Ĺͷ÷顣
лưˣڶԷ˵
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󲿷˶һı飬ΪһϵлưҶܵסϹһƾлưȫ޷һ
ֻҶһ֣δκβͬǸֵĺ۹ֿȴ̽ǿκĲһʱ˫ǿʵ
ŵֻˣ֪ҶʵֵȴһڿϷģԴ°ͣﻹһצӲͣؾ׽ʸ̩ǵһˮƣǳЦƣˮѹûйۿǲĶ
Ⱥ˵̬ȸòһ֣չã΢۾Ҷ֪Щʲô


135 ͬ
Ҷһ֣ǹĺ۹ֿأֱץеĴ̡
ǣһ֣˫ˣȻ¶ĵı飬һҪÿ˼ɴ˿ɼ˫Գ֮˷֮ǿǺ͵ȴĽأ
۹ֿһ֣ƺԶҶеĴ̾ڽҪԷеɲǣ͵һ٣ٿȻ˰ģŷԵĶܹ˺۹ֿڱصõһץ
ߣС
ɳƹ𣬺۹ֿڸɱ֣һתһɫɳ˲ס˱ܿԼһץĴ̣εؽ˰С
ס̵˲䣬һ죬ǰĴ̾Ȼ޿飬Ȼ̼Ĵɷۣ
ɷ׵Ĵɷۼ⣬һ㵲ס˵۾
۹ֿһһ䣬һɢǰİаЦ˻кֶܹԮǼĿС֮ʱĵһ죬ű㴫Ϲŵľ⼺ߵ
һתеֻ۾ȵصɵԲ
ʱϹѾˣеĵһΪصڵϣµİϹУһǶ˴е֮ڣȻնϵף
ⲻܣ
۹ֿ͵һԼһУǸĴԼסȻԼġ
۹ֿһ֣ǶĴ̡ڡһз˳˺۹ֿ͵С
ԭˣ
۹ֿһֻ³˷滺Լеľ֮
еǸ̵ȷԭһǳʱ뵽ǰʹõһǸӸǰĴѾ˱һ㣬ԭĴ̾ȻҶø߳ڹʴ˰ӣոյıըӱʵΪǶȵĹϵֻǱһ㣬ʣµĴ̽ӾҶùݣϢһת䣬ֱնϹı
λϹүܵһССĳͷҶŵ˾طΣһʱ˵ֻúѣϢ
Ҷһγ֣ȫЩˣ˵
ԭΪǰЩ˶ЩСԼ˴˻ͽᣬû뵽Է˲¶࣬һ־ͽ书ߵĺ۹ֿ͸סֵͬϹҲ˴
ڳεʱҶЦλͬϹҵѣ¾Уʧ֣ﰡ
ҶǰҾǸ
ȻҶЩӵܵΪΪУڸղŶŭһռˣָ̬Ϊ֪֣չõжǣ޴󣬼Ϊأʧںӵܻа壬ǣûȫûҪ
ȻвޣʱҲҪ̡
̬ûн벻صĽ׶ΣҶԲܵίҲҪѹ
ΪأװƲǌ˿ԲΪ߲ȡ
Ǻ۹ֿתҶµĿ۵Ȼʹ˰ݡ
ҶǺһЦλ̨Ҵʱһϣͬ۹ãղŵĲǳᣬǽʻǷ֮أһ¿ɺãʱභδ̫Ϸ˰ɣ
۹ֿһ㶣תͷϹ
ϹҵĹӴʱոմһǵͨ죬˻Ϲҵ˾ôˣûôףϣɱ
۹ֿһԥϹְѵҲҵĻˣʹǱǵİȫ۸㵱ūŵĸҲ֣
۹ֿһתҪ֣
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Ϲһ˦䣬ȥһָλļòŮ˵Ǽޣ̺үˣеǺô
Ůսսظ˹ȥ̺ϲŭ޳Ĵү˶ӣҲ಻ԸӣԷȻһ仰˷ɻڴһ仰ٲ
ҶЦЦҿһۣ缸ȥװɣ죡
˱һҶ߳˴ա
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ˮҲüĵĺ룬˵ȻǶ֦ڣȴҲδǶǲ
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Ҳᰡˮ˷ҹдȻ࣬ҲûУʱٶһ£̩
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ҶЦҡҡͷԴһ㶣ôǻҲô
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£绨Դԡ
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ʲôңԴһͷˮֱǽԴˮͰ֮Уͷͣԡ
ʸ̩ǺһЦͷȻ
ʲô˼ҸʲôԴ޼ץԴҲ벻⼸Ǵʲô̡

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ˣһ죬ǰ·ˮբͬһ߻ɻȥ
ϣŻʻӵֱԶڹ¡˵ȫһͬʱسһ
ڳˣǵùλ̵ʱ䣬TMD̺趼ûôùģ̫ˣ
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ڨڨһЦˡ˺ˣѾһ䣬ҲȥϢϢɡտʼ֣չõҪǺһˣôװæһ㣬պϷ׷飬Ҳýùȥ
Ҳã˾̫̽ᣬǴҲԸΪάǶ˾ġ
λԱ߶˼ָǡ
ڵĽֵϣǰŻѣмŸͷĲ¡ڣٵһֿڣһͣǵһ£ȥ֣
Сڣˣӻͳһֱֽһǽ֮Уߺߣ챦һҪˣϢش󣬻ƽҲΪ˰ɡ
ӣһ֮ھŲҲ·˼֣ܻصϣȵغȵߣǽҹؼˣȥú棬ÿƯСǣͣ
ȻкãһŵϷôĴѪ


136 ʷ
˾ͽС֮£Щʱƺûƻ顣
УֵһʵƼΪǿҲ˿벻۽硣
ЩԷĽͣĳЩͷҲ߹󲻵ȥ
ĵƻ£ϲŷһ͹׾ĳһǴ򿪵ľУ¶״Сˮ죬οյͭưؽһʹ͹͸¶һضֻС
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˾ͽ鿴Ѿһʱˣһֻ㬵طüЩһֱ벻ͨ
ɫﻹϢɡ۹ֿ͹Ŀ
˾ͽһ˵ϣʱȣڽ֮ǰҵܣֻĳǻΪڰ˴ȡĵλ
һСӹżҵ󳼵أѾǴһƽȡѾǴһСֺαصأ
˾ͽȻһЦЩȷǹֹͣͣҵָֻţֻЩӣǾͻϹҵǸϹҲˣ²࣬Ҽ޸룡
۹ֿ̾ϢһΪӵܣ˶߬峤ֵõԼ˾ͽҪԼԼˣʵ̫ˡ
˴Ҳڶݣڤڡħڤ޵еĴ£һ֧峤ΪͥϹֻ±Ҫˡ
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ֵֻĳ֣˾ͽеӴѹҲЩѡ
Լһֱ֣Ϊֲ˴˳صѹڰ˴֮ڣҲǲ
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ϢƣԭʱĽϺͳԵ¹Ȼ벿ĺϣǰͬʱĽݲĲ䣬ֻּңΪֳ¹ȻŴ뿪ʱĽݲ귢չΪһĲ䡣
˴ʷƾã׷Դ໥֮䶼żΪиӵʷǣ
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ꡰչȥ֮ǰõİ˱˰λ󳼣õѣԿͭĴţصġҪġ֮⣬ͭеİ˴ңӦһѱǧǰ־ѧ鱦ǲ
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˾ͽḧšͭյı棬ͼһֱյڵĵײиۣһȱ߰˱εİۡ
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˾ͽһ𣬼ʵʲô
۹ֿԴǡף۹ֿ͵һ֣С㣬ūˣСͭġ

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ʱ򣬺۹ֿ͵һתʲôˣ
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Ϲв⣬ΪԼСڼѵص˵ͷ


137 Ȩ
Ҷ˵˾ͽϺϹǻһʱҪǼѣֱԷ԰˴ҵŵвҶ˷¶ΪѵӴӦ
ʵǵȻԸģΪǰĽƺõġ
ǸͻȻֵ̿ȻԴޡ
еģȴӳ͵һԴޱȴǶ˴ף׷飬ع֮еġ
԰˴ҵʣԱ뱸һȻû¶κҵĴˣǸ۹ֿ͵Ҳչĺ˳
Ϊ˰Щôεġǡ˴ҵڶס˴գһУҲơ
ʸ̩Ľŵ֣ƱлưƷµ֮ԡ
Ҷ˰ȻϢ໥һֳۣһǴΪ˴ŵ̬ȣһǱ۵õ˴ҵǼôҪ顭
˫ұۣ˰ʱҶһֵ£˻ֹͣۡ
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绨һȵ̵ģϼһﾹȻǲģҲܹ͵ǵ̸
ԭһȺ˽֮ҶԴ޵ȼʶ˱Ѿ˸٣һ͵
ֻǴӽŲѾȷĸ۹ֿ͵ĺϣԷǲ֪Ǹףǰ̽ǱȻȻ޹ؽҪĻӦֱԷȷȴȥֹ֮ͣ
ԴЦôֻ͵㲻˼͵ôֻٽƻҲû뵽Ⱥ˵ĶĿƻĺ껹Ҫ˵ǵҶߣһ˫ʤһȺ꣬һͲǶ֡
ڳǿôҶЦǿɾˡ
һЦ̬ɡ
֣չ״ϣԴ̲ס٩ί֣ˣ뿪ĸ߹ãﲻôɣģֻʱģȵ˵ؽ磬ֻĴұ֤ˡ
Щؿһ֣չã֪ôش
ˣһ̫˵ԸԼƺʲôʱˣһӦ棬ΪһۣԲֻĲܶڣȴ˵ϸ֮£˸˵ӡһŰֽûʲô
һùζ֣չȴ΢Цһһۣ㲻ֻ֪ĻУҲЩİȫС
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ħ֮һ࣬͢Ǹ£سʵҲ˼һöӣȻʼն̣ͷһա
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Ѿԭƻʵˣǽô죿ʸ̩̫룬Խ졣
Դ޸̾Ϣһû뵽Ȼһλ롮ͭķ֮У뵽ǼһһĺѰˣоǻǻС
ǻУǷ̩ˮͻȻЦ˵
Ҷһۣͬʱһ˿Ц⡣
ҶͽˮԭļƻҪʵʩͭ飬ɢļᣬǣЩ˵ıħģֵͬʱرŻɱ¶ٵħŸ֣߽ħŵĶ־ʵ
ƻոɳȥʵʩ벻µôɣȻһżȻУѰߡһǵõصߵİ˴ҡ
ˮĻ˵ĺ档
Ҷ̾һɫʾ⣬ˮָһѾס֣չӦʹȥ֮˵ǰϰһ̸˵Ҫáͭܺɵߵһħŵĳͻڱ֮ȴΪ˾̫գЩ̫޹ȻܾЩ֮⣬ҲΪʱ׵ֵѾΪǿƽħ֮ĳͻð׵ֳһǿħŶԿԲҪһѪȵĽƽħŵ˭֪
˭֪ոɫİ׵Ȼħں̨һΧߡˮ˵شʧٴǿҽ߸磬ͭǡ֮ߡ
꣬ɵ
Դ޾㵵ԭڴ飬Ǹġ
ԲǡˮȻһжֻɺϣҵļƻ̵׶ΣֻڽϴšͭϢѣ벻ǾȻѰ֮ˡ
Դź˵ô˵˾ͽǸѾͷ˵ʲôͭĵ飬롮ͭıûйϵඣǹųȥն
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Ǻβڱ¥ǶԹŮɵأ绨Ŀһ˵Ļɷˣ˿˵Ĵȱĳ
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ʸ̩˵԰ҲͲĴˣ㲻֣ҲҪǿУ˵ܽѵĺѹ޶ȡ
Ҷһĵص˵ͷ
˵жĿ걻ȷǰȫش֣չõĿĵء
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ħǸԹᣬͼ߸ɽ𢣬ͳν
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145 ͷ粨
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ҶԴޡ˵ͷʱԭͣŰ˴˫Φ󴬵ĵطѾһƬ֮С
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ΧǲֿǴĴͷԶסȫˮͰȻ
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Ҷı佣봫۵ǹʱԷͷŽתס봫۵ǹȻ봫۵׹䣬ͬʱ˴ͷ·ǶԷһµһ㣬οȥΪ졣
봫ʱ󺧣ŽŶԷԷ֮ľ룬û뵽ԷԼǹͷûһľ롣
ҶһЦһͨġɽչɲǼ佣ӰС֮ͧսԱĶ󣬲ֻӦսĳ԰ûһ˿ɵһ棬׷ױˮ
봫֧穣ǹ֧ţҶÿǰһ㲻òһƵβʱҳͧѾùͺͺһƬ緫۶ϣǴաҲȫ٣ֻʣ봫Լһˡ
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ѾԾеͻȻһ봫۾һ˴ϣȻ֮ϳܹʩչֶεʵݣ֮ƣ֪ԼڶԷȻһƴһǹȫǶԼȫ

봫ǹַɳǰһʱȫǽӰɵð̾һӣĿһʣ
ٿȻ䣬ӦϮĽӰȫɢȥ
Ǻһ佣ʣҶȻվ俴
봫֪˿ҲӲˣԷûɱȻ֮⣬뵽ܼ봫ŵûɪɪ
㣬ԭ㡭봫촽䶯Ƭ̣౻ŵһңĽԼףǲ²֪ԷĹԼǿ򶨣˵棬ְɣ
ҶǺһЦ˭˵Ҫɱˣ
봫۾ԲŵؿҶ㡭㣬ղ˵ŶҪҸʲô봫ҲǵһȻԷԼһ轻Ĵۿ¸󡭡


147 һ˵
ҶһЦ˵˺ʱû뵽֮Ҳܴ
ʱʣµҿ촬׷ӱܣȴ巢ĵâһһն˷緫ϳ԰Ϊͷ׷ˮ
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Դɫʱ䣬ʵĻ˭ģ
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ٴδƵʱԴһܶ±ͬһտڴ˽ȥ

Ҵ󴬱Ũֲֻ֣ͨһ㡣
Ҷһ벻Ϊ˵õ԰ﾹȻôĺ֣ͻϮ֮ˣȫϵֻĺǿҶһ˲㷢ʮˣвŴڷɱ˵Ȼȫ֮ʱ
װѾȫ԰ֿƣװ·Ҳʱпɱҽ֮Ȼ˴ҵѾΧ֮Уȫ˴ϣֻխĵƣ֮УûĵطΧֻ䷿ݶѡ
ƼΪΣ
Ҷһϼװ壬಻ԶŨб㴫һ𣺡ʲôˣ
ͬʱҶ˲䳬߰ˡҶҲȺиӦʮϢһǺԼǵˡ
ҶӱעǿϢȻһ
ǹ龳ľԸ֣һϢ֮ǿޣÿһεĺռ𵴵Ŀ֮С
ҶһѾеԷ˲Լ
ǿϢֻڡ桱˺͡ɽϬȻʱϢ֮˸Ϊǿ
Ҷһ֪ͷҦʢȻˡ
˴֮⣬ȻһͬǿϢվߣֻϢޣȻǿ󣬵ȴȶ͸һ˸е첻Ϣ
䣡
һӴſڴ
һ󻶺ʱɢ˴ҽҪڱ˹ƣ
ɱ
ȶ𣬼װϴ󲿷˵ƿĵطںɱȥ
ҶеǿԼһɨӣ㶼һʩʩȻ򴬲˹ȥ
ǰҶ֣ͨᡣ
ͬʱڴװϵĻвʮ֣켶ľԸ֣Ϣǿ󣬾ȻѾﵽˡڡڵڰˡľ磬һɽԲ֮Żӡ龳ˡ
ҶʧһЦ˿Ȼ֣
ݣ
һӱϮ˳Ҷ㶣˻ԾϣһָۣԷһָ֤֮һָϣ㲻ҪҲܽҶۼĹɢ־ܡ
ʱ䡢ǶȡǡôһֱԳĹ;飬µļ֮ھ֡
ʱͨһΨһ֮ǰȥܿһָȻҲԤϵһУͬһʱ䣬ǰ˳ǹһͬϮ˲ǰ·ߣ֮Ȼѵ֮Ȼ֮Բ١
ֶ֮ɼһߡ
ֻǳ԰ڼװѡʵҲֲð˴ҸӦĺֻ뱻ľ档
ߣ
Ҷһ߳ͬʱһ佣ӱֱɳҶһӣȻһž޴ĹγɣҶΪٿȻΧɢ
Ҷھ֮Уÿһ߶߶ȼеһнǰǰң£ĹչǾҶĸġɽʮ
Ҷݡ񽣡߶ὣַɽʮĳ½һбɨеͬиһ㣬Ե͵ģ˲֧顣
ȻҶĶ֣Ҳӹ֡
һҺߣ
͵Ϯֱ֮ɨһ˲飬ϵĹԷӲƴһȻûܽն䣬ֱС۵һۣ֤˲ơ
ҶһЦ濴ȥһԷֻˣͨѪûʲô֪һԷֱڵľѾϣⱲֻԵˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ϹìٿȻ׵ΪǾҶԶԼгì˲䱻ҶĽն֪֮УˣѾɢǵĻЩˡ
ˣҶһ֮䣬ĵУ˴ˣһ˻йǿ֮ˣȺƲɵһֻ̼ͣѸٷ


148 
Ҷһ𳤽Ц԰һںúǣŶδֵ¾ûһӲʵˣѵǵĹǸʦѧôһȺڣ
һȣ˲佫ҶΧס
ƿֱ˵ǰһһ¶һŸӲǿףҶɾɫԭ㣡Ҷ
ҶһڣΧڶһƬ
ֲڽϴ˸ʮ֮һɵʦͶӷҹͬڽϵ
Ҷ֣һϵĸ˵һĴڡ
һÿһ˽֣ڲܵشԼһһν֣ȡļƻգеĸ֡ͷҦʢʦܡɽϬܻ׽ǿǹ龳ĸ֣ѪӡӣԼսŵλ͡彣Բƽ͡ƽȽ壬һ˶Ҷܻ׽ڶ֪г԰Ĵ󻤷еɽϳΡꡱҰҶ£νһϵ
Сۣɫ࣬ԴȵĺӽźȵҶʦ˵㲻
ҶԴ´˶Էһ£ڡޡһŻԭ㰡ʲôţϬôʦɽϬܻ׽ʲô˵Ҳ
Ϭӵʱ
ҶЦһʵҼǵСӲȥĦͶôԪãڱɭֶǽһ£û벻ԵᣬԵַǳϻ˵кɡ
Ϭ̻Ҷڱɭֶûɱ·εĸֶΣһʱ亹ৡľۼҶ˵Ҫֻ֣һӣŵϬԾ𣬱ܿ
Ϭʾһˣʱüװϵĸ
ʱһں˼ϸʹֳɤЦͻȻ𡭡

ӰζҶǰι״ˡ
һ£Ȼһ˫ֵ̥ܣһһףθݣò£ͬˣһ޶ݣʹ˸е
ҶӦڵڰֻ벻ԷȻѷȻ˫ֻ̥Ƕ֣°ܽϬҪǿˡ
һأͬʱС֪ΪֽĿˣϷڰ˫ɷյҪһ
ͬʱڣΪˣ˵Ļһ޶ѻɶĬҶüͷ
ͨ
ͨԼġһ֮Ҳض˰ɡ
ԷʲôˣôһϵЩ֣
Ҷأȴɵشڰ˫ɷû˵
֪СǼ˵ô
һʮ𣬶ͬһʱ䣬ӰͬʱװϵŨ˲䴵ɣ¶ôһƬյء
ֻӭ滺ˣŮͣ죬һһ֧ʣвͣĵһӣ̬Уһǿһֻ޴ľ㣬۽һһŮһŮһɫƮȻɡ
Ҷоһ˲ϳ˶Էݡ
ոճ˵ҡ֮ˣɿЦ֪Сĺڰ˫ɷλʦϵãҳ콭ѵʦô̵ǰô
ԱߵʵҡԴ½ֲҪ˿̱ôǵʦҲйһ֮ԵȻЩ֮ǳĹмֿͷġ
һ˵һ𣬵ɶһ
Ҷɫ𻰣ŮȴڿڽЦλɣ˼С˧ýԴôղŲܼλֵܿ³˴ء
ҶһղűԼһлɵì֡
ʱȡì֣ΪصضҶἰɫ࣬Ϊһ
ղܵì֣ôһСòҲϽ˰ɡ
Ҷüͷ֮ʱԷֳԳ
ƾʵһٿȻһָҶιǸҶСӣбԿүүԴء
˲ɵһЦ
ĬĴȴͺȵʲôϽ֣Ҫӵ飡
ԱߵϬӿöͷðаãȺ˿ˣһ򿴲ڽԵҳԿΪ书ãȫ֪СӵƷֻͱˡ
ǰȺ֣ҶЦһһ˹ȥеɱ˶Ǵ˸սԾֹͣЦ⡣
Ҷãúãõúܡ
ǳ֮˴ȵãʲôãȻҰƤ֪ʲôǺˡ
Ҷһߣ顭
ֿȵˣӡ½
ӡߺѡ
㣬С
Ҷһһǵţ⼸˶ݶȻǰ˵ţһֲ̫ѹ
ĸǡɽǡ˴󻤷֮һͶٰףħں̨һٽɽǡЧһ򾡣ȻˡɽǡһԾΪڵһɲȷء
ǸħȫɴӰ졣
Ҷһߵͷһ˵ԭղվҦʢߵٰװǺǣõúܣбҪأĺܺã
һ̣ҶּǿҵԸǾǰħйصĺڵۻڴ˵أһɽǵҳһţҲùͶħţִ޾ѡ
ˣмＸӡ½Ժǳ
ɭЦϧʱʦֳҲһ𻯳ɷɻңǼ
ɷͻȻߵĻ͵ΪֹɣǷֱҪֵ¼£ŵ˵һ־Ҫ飬ӲףղܳպһĽ
ɷͬѸٵСӱлҪֻղŵĽƱɿĿ¡
սһϬС۱ϣóʱȥ¸ҩ޶ֵͬʱϬҲص´һƲãͷܡ
ʱҶΧڵУǲܼì֣ǰǡ顢ӡ½ӡߺѺˣ԰ԲΧסҶΧǺɷɷˣ⵵ǳ԰Щ֣صûиҶ˿ͻΧߵء
㹻ܣֻǸûҶѹûߣ


149 ͷս
ΧҶΣأȴʣЦүҪٰЩϺзỹ˼һһɣ
ӡ½һЦ죡֮㣬кʸҪ󣬶֣½ߺѵٿɢһֵģȻ°ܽĲֵܼܣ֧ì⣬ӱҶ
ҶһֵܼܻûнѵȻҳֲͽб佣𽣹ͬӿǰ󣬽΢£żʰɵļѾʫʡ
ڰ˫ɷǸͬʱһɫ䣬֮ǰҶһ˵ĽȻܾϬӵ˹ãԲŻһˣ֪ҶĽȻƥ½ɽǵ˸ˣôҲû뵽ҴйһСʿȻֵӲʣʿգ࿴ǳȥҶ֮ġ
ֵܼܷߣ֮ǰһν֣ܵٶ̫죬˶ԼԷ֮ԣٴζֵʱ򣬸ֱʹȫҪһȫʩΪ֮£ìʱɢֵķΧҲһࡣ
֪ҶìǰⱩǣì
Ҷ׷ȥ񾢡
ֵܼ뱻ӲĲͣվȣΪҶδʩȫڰ˫ɷԵʡ类壬㲻ƽ߳ɹ
ڰ˫ɷߣϰǧٴΰ½֮䴩˹ȥգżҶתȥ
죬ռжʱͼХ֮
ҶӯӯɫԴ죬˶ǷƮΨ֮УͥŲŶԷĹ˹ȥ
ٿȻЦȻӲϵġɱ֪ȥɣ
ʱڰ˫ɷתÿû˿ɷֱ˭ϴ˭϶ڰ׶ɫ棬һ̫ͼ˵ʹҶҲ֮
ĹͷҶؾ
һ޷ݵĸо
ȫûڳӯޱȵĺûа˿ҡ
ڰ˫ɷ֮ǱѵĿռ䣬һǿ淴ʹ졣
һֲ֪ڰ˫ɷÿתһȦŵɲǣǾʧĵ
ҲΨһĿ϶
һХ׳磬Ҷ£򵥵һ̳
ڰ˫ɷ˺Ȼһ벻־׼¾Ŀյպ˾ʧδνӵɲǣҶһҪʹ˶ʱ޴ӷֵͬƺߣڰ˫ɫ෴ķַɳȥ
ڰ˫ɷıµȻֻôһ㡣
жէ֮ٿȻתٴγҶϮ
ڰ˫ɷʱоȻӻгĳ߳ɷͷһߣֱҶͷɷߺӻֱҶۡ
һ֣δٸھʹĬ֮ȿʹκ˳Բڰ˫ɷиǲԷжˣֳ
ҶһЦ⴦ɫһ󣬽ӭߡ

죬ȫ
ڰ˫ɷӾ̰ĹƶٱжϣҶؽӰǰ˰㱬ɲǼ佫˾С
Ⱥ׶ʱĿɿڴվΧϬӲʹ뽭ѡ
˭õҶͬʱϺڰ˫ɷˣҲܹȻͶٰһϵĸǾĪ
ԭΪ¼һýҲٰ׵ġ칳һû뵽ʱǰҶȻŲٰ׵ֲ飬Էٰ֮ײС˶ʮңŸΪˣȻдΪ
⼫ȼҵĲɱУҶȻɱ΢Цݣ̬̬׵ľ
ʱҶȻȻ¶һƮȻɡŷɣʹ˸еսҲһüͷϵЦݡ
κڰ˫ɷףһʱҲΨиΪսϣ߹Էơ
ҶֱƵֺϻ֮ʹǶò۷幦ɡ
Ϭн꣬ʹΧȥɢҶսģˣȻҶŭĹԼû˵£һԼڷһֻˡ
ֻҶһʵڹ죬ֻǻһжԼֱ۶ãвһзϵģʵĺ
ֻԼ֣ȴɽǵǧΧ뵽˴Ϭһת½˵ķ˹ȥ
ʱ½ҲǧæŵؿҶһѳʹпգ޼
ÿһƻǵ˱ؾȵҪٶ֮죬磬Ժڰ˫ɷ˵书ͷḻ֮ľ飬ҲɱƣӳֵķΧҲܡ
ʱ½Ϭӻվ֮δڣϬѾԵͺȵλΪλ֣СҪǷһֻ֣Ȼǰæѵλʲôɣһڰ׶ˣٰҲý
Ϭһ仰½һ࿴һ֮ͨصĽؾǸƨԼһӶܱѣļɻ䣬ʱҪʲô档
һɫ֮ʼΧ£
һʱɱڡ
ʱҶľ羵ա
Դɡʥء֮ҶѲյҶʥزЪĶԼ˵ĸ·־ѧ󣬱ɭֶɱ·֣սʮѪսţãԮ޼ȡս裬ä·磬ÿһ飬׿Խ־Ϊµһ֣еĳϣǰһ
еǰ֮£ȺΧʱУоԵһٰ֮Ҷ˾ģⱳˮһսǣ޹ҡﾦգ羹ٿظһ¥ﵽڡھĺ۷徳硣
еһλϼգҲˡ
Ҷֻ˼ܵһз·Ǿеһ㣬ֻǿ͹۵سԺ֮УȴûжԼκεӰ죬ϵĽʹðֻսͣʩչǡĹԴԴһɷȥͬʱһŲߣպаɷ߳߼⡣
ɷǰֻԷǿѸɲǼ䣬ס仯ţ֪ԷҪδҲ֪ӦȥȻˡ
ɷȫһ߱һ¶ǰҶһ֮£ɷˣҲһѪۡ
½˼Σٹ˲ݺӣйٱʡȡľԼɳʴ㶼һҶȥ
ֵܼϣ֧ìҶ䡣
ּҲǷ׷׳֡
һսڱ


150 봬
ȺһҶȻ壬±佣֣һϮϺڰ˫ɷеĺɷ
һһĺɷĽҪͷ
˲ɲǣɷʩѹ׾ĳƽ׾ӳҶϮһ˽洦ȫһʱˡ
ĹҶֲ٣ʷȴǴв磬ҶٵͻƣʢһǰղסҶĽֱͷŰյԷƣûǿ
˳£˫һӴɷʱ˴ɴ֪Ҷ뻯Ľ׶ΣֲĲ㡣
ɷҶһؿڣֻЩƤˣأ˺֮࣬鹥ƣû뵽ҶһΪ죬ڵһ˿ȻʵʣԻ⣬Ǵ뽣ƽȻ෴Ҫվʱ˳һɷٴһģʹ¶һ˿϶Ҷƹ˵ԼҪܣºȻ֮ʣȻȻ󣬲ȡƣɷϵʱ
ʱҶ֮㽫ڰ˫ɷĹȫ߽⡣
ڰ˫ɷһˣ֮ʮֵֺϻ
ҶⱩǣӭɽǵĴ󻤷
ҶĲֵܼȴ¶ϲ֮ɫìʱһȫ߱ƳȥֱҶĺġ󾱣Ҫ
ǰĴ󻤷Ҳ¶ϲ֮ɫȫ߶бȡסҶжԸֵܼܵĻᡣ
֪ûʵͻǰȴкְֶΣȺ׹ķ϶ֳҶ˹
ҶϷһ˿ЦΧ֪ѵԼġĦڭ޹ǳصĲɣ˵Ĺ
ȺΪҶƱԿȺ֮ʱǰͷеҶ²ٿȻһ䣬䲻ݷѰĴ󻤷еĿ϶ͬʱб佣˳һԲԭϮ֧ìٿȻ䱻һɫõĹâһƫ㶼˿մҶӣֱӾ̵ǰǧٴμһ㣬ԭͬҶʡȡʴײһû˵ҶֺûΧ
ƺͬʱڣֵܼܺ½ߺѡͬʱˡ
ʩչˡתơַҶһӽǿеˣ佣ٿȻת䣬סʣµеĴľ㡣
ǧľһͬҶ÷ɨһһӣۡ
һϮУл̵ͬһֻ⬣ԭҶİ
ԭҲ˲ãҶáָὣסͬʱ֪ҶǳлԼҶվȣȴûϵҶ̶ʹˡڤ񹦡ڵͬӾһ㲻ܿƵ⣬Ҫɿֶܣչˡ
ֻǱҶͬľżһһɨİȫеϣֻбƤǺΪԾûлҲûһƬϮɥٰϵĶҩȴг˸̼˲¶ʮֶҩһ顢һ飬³ĶѪҲǺڼΪҡ
ס֣
ӡ½ȣԼˡ
ҶЦһ̱ԼеĴľ㣬ٿȻŴշ˹ȥ󻤷ȻӲ棬ܿ๥Ҷ
ָ費һʧ֮ûбܿҶĳײһ۵һѪͬţײһ㣬׵ٿȻҽ˴֮УȻ졣
ֵܼѾ̫ԶһʱԼսš
ڰ˫ɷŹٴιΪ֮ǰҶĹ֮³˵СԱȱһһʱ޳Ī
󻤷б籩һҶ½Ⱥʣ紵ۣѵľƵֶûа취ǰ֡
ߺѵĺʴǾ˱ҶƵУŽΣѡ
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˦еҶ⸴־˰㷭ס½˿籩Ĺơ
Ҷ򴬲յ̬˿δ䣬˫ֲһϢ֮䣬½ͬʱбͬʱ֡
Ҷżڵһţһس˴յС
ڰ˫ɷŭһƬ̣׷˴֮С
½˴ʱΣͬʱۡһ³һѪȻء
Ҷȫʧ˴֮еʱϬӲžŵس鿴һ֮£ɵõһ
ԭ½ǰȥȫһ֮¾ãֻǱΣʵȫûһ˿һƺΣգֻڶ˵ǰҶø߾Ľдһ֣޳ͽԺȡ
Ϭӿ䣬󾪺һͷ֮ʱѼߺŵɫ԰ף֡
޳ͽԺȡ
仰˵ԲҶǲɱǣǵΪҪȡ
£µ֪ȴ֪ʱֵȴĿ־У
ʲô˻ȡǵҶ֮ѵĸߣ˭
δ֪ĵȴߺѸеһִδйĿ־塭
׷ôһ԰ĸǰѯϬӡ
Ϭӵһۣ׷ȥɱô̾Ϣһİɣкڰ׶׷ȥѾǿսˣպҲᱻ׷ڵסбĸֳȥ˲ǿɳﲻ𣡡
˺ȻӦŵ
ߺ޴룬ڰ˫ɷ׷ȥ½顢˻ԲѣҲǸµĽֻͣԼѡһʲôĶ֣Ҫٴġ

ԴްѶľŴ˹һ϶ȵ˺̽ͷ˳ȥ

׻˵飡ʱĴµɱ죬˵žƭ˵ġ
ڴβϵôڵλ۾һɨ֪ŷ֮ڣֻҪһȣ¥ݣǰ˴Ϊܵļ䣬ʣԴ޿ѾõΪҪսƷ
ȻҶ˵Ҫ⵵£ΪֵľȻͷ֮һһϵٰǸУǸͭյǰѡϼ˵ʲôҲħŵС
±ߵԱѾȫеǼ֮У˱صѪۺʬ֮⣬˫ԱѾȫҴ²㡣
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Ѿزסˣ˴ҵĸѾ˻˶¥Ͷ¥֮С
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˴֧Ԯĸ֣Ҫ˾ͽϹҵĸ֣һʮ֣Ҹһ龳ĳµĿء
ҽӵϢ֮׼㣬޳ĪǾصɸ֣ɾڸԱȫ֧Ԯư˴ͬ飬ʵҲΪڡͭϲһţռֻȨ
԰ֵĹԤеҪһ˴Щ۹ݾ˵ĸǣһ۸ڶڰӢۺúڳڵսУһϵֵĹɱöжףǱǰԮ鳤֮һ˾ͽҵġ֡˾ͽҦʢһȭؿڣѪ
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ѾѰҹָηأ

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溰ɱ죬һз߷֮ɫİ׳̲סһͬɫϹԹϹҿ߲ˣ˾ͽҵĳ˲𣬹⿿ϹҲֵסҦʢǼҵϹϣϽŶܰɣ԰ֻҪǶ˵Źǣֻ׷Ϲһˡ
Ϲûкĵ˶Էһۣû˵Աߵһ浫һȸ˵޵˵ԣ׷ϹֻҪҦʢ͹ˣʣµԽǣֻҪץסЩˣҪЮǼңΪǰѶгô
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ǰ˵ǳ԰˻˷ʳôңһ󣬶ðǸඣ
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˲ɵ۷׷ףûһǳֹ۵̬ȡ
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ΧӵһϹȻȥǸһһЦףһͬ˹ҪϹǸ˴
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ЦԷĻȴ˶Ǵüͷ
ֻ˸гĽ˵Щһ𣬻ء
ڤ֮ǰǸ޵͵վŭTMDΪǱڤиħĿˣҿνġһУé®Сӣöжףǰ˴ҵ档ֻǼסý֣ҲǸǱӴܵ
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ЩʯϳǧǱܼӵľм׷ɡҽ֮У¥¥¥ʯŴ飬¶˴ҾʧĴ֡
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ȻĻЩԭվŴĹֲ֣˺
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һͷĽʵ׶֮ˣȼδϢĻ棬һѴӵ·ɣػ¥ݿڵĵֲˣѱֻͻȻһ˷׷ԡѪء
ԭ˾Ȼ书ǿӲ˻𺣣һƴ֮׺ɼһߡ
ϹǴʱһϳ˶Էݣȵ԰ġ¦ѣˣɱ
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ǳ˵ã֪תԭһͷ½ϣӵһճϹȥ
Ѵ󵶻˼խСĿռ䣬ٿȻһȻʱϹԷһٴԾд󵶵һԣ¶ǰԷӵǰһݣֱϹš
Ϲŵô󺧣ڴ֮ʣҲʾ޵ĳɹ󵶷һѵײպڶԷһʱӲѶԷӵײᣬͬ߷ݣһԡ

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ڴ޵졢Ͷн֮ʣзâһһ֦һ㣬һ¦һϡ
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153 Ѫս
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һ䣬ǺϹǴҪԳ֡
ʱһ𣬱ڤԾ˲ϵˣδȵġ໨ߡֱ˶ȥ


155 
ڤһչǧӰʵӦͬһֻëĴһ㣬ֱϮܶȥҪֹ
໨ߡһ󡰽Ц˱С˧翴ūūҲΡ
໨ߡվڵأȻŶûʮ֧һȣϢƮɶڤ΢΢һ㶣һкɱȴΪҪʹ
֮£߱ƽơ
ǡ໨ߡ΢΢һЦȺһ٣ԭʱȻ̣ŷǧһ㣬ڤĽӰٿȻңһ¶ʵĽ
׼ȷжϳ湥Ĺ켣ʱŲ룬˫ŽŸһ䲻ݷڤҲལѼǡ
ڤ´󺧣벻Ҧʢδɳ֣µĻֱ֣Ҫת棬ĴΪӣһͬʱѸ߳ɨȣһɨڤĽţʱ䡢ǶȡٶȾиɻ
ڤһ޿κսĻҽţԷһȲ࣬Ų෽׵гסҪֹԷ׷
໨ߡЦһ৵غ£ȱתڤľࡣ
ʽʵ죬̼ѵǰ
Σʱ̣ڤ񵲡

һ죬ڤʱоһɽ鱬ĴܲסʱϳأнأڤǿѪתɿ⡣
¥ݿڵĳ԰һȻЦ
˴Ѫɫ
໨ߡŤһΣЦԵϣС˧翴ͦףԭҲǸǹͷ
ȺٴδЦ˴˸ͬܣ߿֡
ܺ涫ֶ޼׷˼
ڤ˴ҵĺַ֮ǣʧȥսһ˫۾ߵؿŶ֣вʣҲ÷
ϳ԰ʱ죬˴һǧɡ
ڤǰİ˴ڸֵУѾǵһ֣ǡ໨ߡ֮˵Ա߻书ȫܵġѪᡱ涫ˣ˴ҷ棬¶Ըĸ־ҪǺϹǴԳˣһҦʢ֣˴ָأ
Ѫᡱ涫վǰɭһЦ˵˴ҵŰԵһԭҲһȺϺٺ٣һᶯ֮ʱˣеȫҶŮĸһﵱš
˵һ仰ʱ涫۾˾ͽϣ˾ͽоǱͷһ°㣬ȫĺëʱ
Ⱥ׵ʱȸԾ
˴ɫ࣬ȴһ˸ҳԷԡ
໨ߡŤһָŶȺеļ಻˧磬Ц˶ɱ˿ԣ⼸Ҫ¡
еļ˵ʱɫ䡣
԰Ⱥ׵ĿЦס
ʱһƵش˷ͬʱȴ˲ס˵Ц
겻ôУ
ȫ֮һȻ
໨ߡܺɫٿȻ䣬ͬʱɫùŹֵģиո˵ıڤ
ǶⱲӶǡ
ȫ˲üžƣ·Ӿ֮ϴ
ʲôˣҹѪᡱ涫Ȼȡ
˴Ⱥһӿ
һЦ˳
鷳һ£
˴ҵսѿһŵһ·ͨ裬ֱǰ˶һȻ飬֪Լһʲôʱôһ
龳ĸ֡ǺϹǴ֡͡˾ͽҲһؿˡһԼȫʶһǶԷʲôʱǶ˾Ȼһ
ŴˣڤɫıӰҲ˾ͽϹͺ˿ɻѣƺЩϤȴȫİ
ߵڤߵʱȻһЦڤò
˴ҵ˶۷׷ף׷ײ²˵ݡ
ڤ촽䶯˼£ɫһѡΪǰ֮ˣԼŻ˾棬ҪԼתļһôΪ˴ȡЦڤҵİѱ
Ȼһʱ䣬˷ͷΪȽȽǣڵɣֱ֪׷ոֽħźа̣Ϊ׵Ψһ֮࿹
˶겻ӻôᣬʲôʱˣôһĵ̬ȣڤһҶˡҶֹ˾͢Ͱ׵ͨ㲻Ͽô˿֣
˺ǺһЦˣұǿģԩңô˵Ҳʺһˡ
ġѪᡱ涫ȴѲͣȵιС㵽˭
Աߵġ໨ߡɫȻԼϹ˵ۣ쵰ǳ԰Ĵˡ
˭Ҳʶĳˣ涫ʵ
ᣬҶ
˻
ȫһƬ𣬳԰Ǳɱϵ壬˴ҵǱµһ𾪣
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ЩÿһֵĴ£ȻλС
ûôǷǴ£벻Сϣ̶̲꣬ѾֵİڽɽҲ
Ҷ겻ʮȴѾ£Χٰ˴ҵˣ˾η֮⣬иһЩ֮顣
꽭˽գҶڸܵԼѾˡ
Ȼǽٳ֣չá
²ţ´ǧ
ܵΧ΢΢ЩηĿ⣬ҶЩЦá
Ҷӳյһ𣬲ûֱӳٰ׺Ҧʢķ򣬱Ͼ龳֣ս֮١ֻǻױͨ԰֣Ⱥ֮УŻ֣˴ҵķ᧿Σ࣬˶¥ڣҾ֣չٴ
ΪṦ̫ȻҲûע⵽ҶľٶԵ֮ʱ˴һ
Ҷ涫˫ͨ죬롰ꡱҰ֮ǱѰ벻㻹жµëãɱ˳԰ôˣ֮Ѫ𣬸һ˰ɣ
Ҷһ㶣ʵҿɲǶ£ǳ԰鷳ġδĴôԲܱǡꡯҰʤǡϳأȺս֮ɱǣô;ܹʤùң
㡭涫ʱ
ҶʩʩȻԽڶһһӣͷҲ̧˵ϻ˵һϰɣǣһҪٰء
Ҷ٬̬ȵʱǵð˴֮һʧЦ
תҶ̬ƺҲȾ˰˴ҵˣԭ۵Ȼתۼ


156 
Ҷ٬ľٶʱǵáѪᡱ涫ȻŭһгǹͷߡҶȥ
涫һҶȻڳ԰涫ûмʶҶ˼η壬һŭȥ
໨ߡ費ֻҪһҶɱ
ꡰ໨ߡҲڴ֮²ҶеĹƣһֻ۾Ȼη壬ڸη壬֮ǰ֣ڼȻ֣Ҳһһǰš
۷ֳ֣羪κһ㣬Χվȣڵߣ֪
ƷǷ԰Ⱥ׵ʱȻкã˴ɫ԰ףп಻
УҶȻͷСͻ̫ᣬֱ߹ĸоҲһѪʤ㣬ͬʱԿˣ˾ͽϹǴﶼ̫дǰֹۡ
ϹǴɫ࣬˾ͽǸʱ˾ߵĴ㡣
涫һǹƣҶ΢ЦȻ
涫ʽϣҶǰԱеʱҶ͵һб佣ٿȻһжԷǹһ˵ͷ֮ϡ
涫һЦһոտķһͷٿȻ䣬һ˵ͷٴҶб佣ٴοķͷոտķɵͷٴתֱҶ
գۼ䣬ҶʮԽԽ죬涫ǹͷķҲԽԽٺ׽Ҷʮལ󣬱˶Էǹ֮ı仯·˵ǹͷ֮ʲôϵһͷһͷȻ涫ַˡͷߡͬһֻ˫ͷ߹֣һһأת죬ʽ仯Ī
һ˶Էǹ֮еı仯ҶһЦг߰ʸϣס涫ǹһͷԷǹһͷʱҶʹתơ񹦣˹һһűסǹͷȻһͷǹͷ
涫һ˫ͷǹԼȥԼһУʱ˸С
ԭ涫ǹҲϤ֮˵Ĺгǹһ֮ʱǿַתƵһ˵ǹͷԼһܹʤ˷һУÿζһ㾢ôԼķԽӿٺ
ֻôҲû뵽ֻǸոսӴļ֮䣬ǸҶȻͿԼǹеʵͷǹͬʱһԭǹнһգԽԽǹоȻһʱΪ̣ɲ
ҶǺһЦСҲۣһгٿȻֱǰһ㣬涫ǹ֮
ҲǡͷߡĻ֮㡣

涫һƮɡ
Ҷʤ׷໨ߡܷԾ涫ͷһ۳һţֱҶͷٻѨ
ҶһЦ˳ãܵӵһֱһɴԱ߳סԼĸ첲ȻӲһȵתͷ׷ŷ˵涫Ĵȥ
ŵô󾪣Ѿֻܴ֮涫
涫벻׷ĲҶԼֵܣֻٴαֱǹˣӲܵһ֮
ͬʱѪڣȫѣ׵廹ڰУٿȻٴɴסΣмҶȥ
ҶȻһЦȻһеĳȻȴǵģȻһ
ôĶ˲ɣգΨ֪
ŵøεѣȴһʱûа취סԼΣۼҪѪ
Ȼ䣬󴬰¡һ죬һӰֱƿװ壬ֱӷһȣҲ˵ֱҶ
Ҧʢ
ڳˣ
Ҷ˫΢гɷ죬غסһ֮һ£סε׶˾гŷҦʢ˹ȥֹԷͻȻϮ
Ҷû뵽ǣۻҦʢе̬Ȼôͬһ㣬ֻһŶ˵壬ҦʢӶмĿ϶ٿȻ˹һȭֱֱҶͷ
Ʊˡ
Ҷһʩչ̫ȭַƶԸɽϬһŽļɽҦʢ⹥һС
Ҳڴʱ˴֮ͻȻһҵ𶯼̧ˮ桭
˾ͽڵĴ齲ԶһɫӰӴ·Ծ˴ҼֵΧֱӹ˾ͽĿ˾ͽеǸ
һг˵ԤϣҦʢԵеҶ
ǳײ˵Ҳٰ֪ףȻô˼ʱڷĻڣһֱռϷ塣
ϹǴһǧĲʣٰס
ʱԭٰ״ĿУڳһɫӰͬһʮģʱˡǺϹǴ˽ʱ¡¡ʱΧȺε׵ȥ˶ǿѪԵ
Ҷб佣ʹ̫ȭҦʢǧһƫһתҪԮ˾ͽû뵽ҦʢȭżأԼܿƵƫһʱҦʢ͵һ٣ȻԼİݽ˵ذ֮УſסȵƫһԵ
ԭĲûзҦʢһȭֱӺҪȥԮҶ
ҶһùֻܷȽҦʢıһȴʧȥ˾Ԯ˾ͽĻᡣ
һзĶ̫٣˶ǷӦ
ۼٰ׵칳Ҫն˾ͽľ࣬ԱӰһ˾ͽȻΣӭžеĽ

˾ͽ˾ͽڼĵˣȻѪԵϵ϶һĤ飬Ψ˾ͽѾͷû֮ů
ʱΪԼǰٰǲ̵һЦֺ飬Ͳ˾ͽ
һ˲䣬˾ͽﻹֵסԼûԮؼʱ̾Ȼ˦һӣȵȥˣ
ǰߴһƲٰһ˱ɱһתǰеİ˹ȥ
˾ͽһ֮£ȫӢۺúǶʱըˣ
һ£һ˲䳬ʮӰŰµİ˹ȥ
ϹǴôһƱǰߣ˰
ġˡһΣҲǳŰȥ
һ˾ͽŵĴ齷һԣһޱֱӷ˰еٰס
·ͻȻٰҲŵһ칳ӳǰޱնΣޱһֿܳһӰʿһƥһɫâžٰ׵칳
ٰװһ飬ԷʵԼĶ֣ϵĵϵȴһ֮³˸δӿٿȻ£һʱûڿն𡭡
һֵ߳壬ҲǱԷһõɷغվȣֱӳ˹غ«һ·Ѫ


157 ﱻ
µ棬ûٴĿյסͷԴ޹ֽһٿȻһѽǰеİ˻Уڷɶȥ
Сߣ
໨ߡܺ͡Ѫᡱ涫ʱϵ˴մڵλá
Դ޾һתȴϹǴֵķ
֣ͣת׷
Դٴתٰ׶
ҦʢҶ
űڤϹȰ˴ҵĸӵܣԼ԰գҲȫ׷
ԴذҽĴҴܣһṦ㽫⴬ն¥ҵˮ˶ǱңϵϣˣԴޡ
ƫƫԴ޸ûԡʥ޼Ṧȫչŵ»һỊ̃ҦʢٰסϹǴЩ龳ĸ֣ȻһʱҲץס
ΨһṦΪ֮й֮Ҷȴ֪ӰԴޣֻϷһظ󣬲δȫ׷ϣЩЦؿԴ޽ŪüɹЩԣлߣΪʲôڴ˾
ԴڲĴ¥ϴȴ˶оǼλ֣Ṧ֣Ȼֶ׷ӰмѾǴֿɼһֵ£ȻԷɱÿȥŭǳ
Ҧʢȵߺˣ㲻ҳ԰ضǧ׷ɱ㣡
Դ޹һЦҦʢбץ˵Գֶץң֪԰ﻹʲôץң
ҦʢʱôŭһſգԴ޹һЦһգÿȥ
һ˵ص˾ͽʱԺȵλֵܣ뽫Ұ˴ңҰ˴ҲԴٻ󣬺αڴðգ
ãԴЦ֮⣬ͭеõĶһ룬ԱС椼޸ҵţ
˾ͽʱὣ׷
ơաɫա
Դȫʹٰȵֽס
˵칳账콣Ӱ붯֣赲סԴѵ·ߣҦʢҲǳϮϹǴһԥȻûи԰֣ȴԷסԴ޵·
ľȺѹȵöãҶһ벻λһ֣Ȼ㵱ԼҲ޷ṦٸߣҲǶܲгһ㱻֪ԼԴ֮ϵҲҪ־ȳ
ɾԴޱڶֱסΣۼҪһУԴ޹ֽһۿ֣ǰɣ
˦һӣаĶֿ˿УһҶһϹǴ
ԭѹʧһɣ˶ȣƷ
ûע⵽Դ޳ô˻ᣬһʧȺ֮УҲ֮ǰ˵ص塣
ϹǴ벻ȻжطɵԼһߣԲĹĵһţдϲ˫̽ý뻳Уһһƣ˸ֲ٣ȻһܣЦзɳ˴գֱԽѾ⴬ֻŰ߷ȥ
ŭһͣ׷ȥ
һεƷҦʢٰסҶ߶ǴŲľ룬ͬʱҶáغסһ֣ٿȻУҦʢٰ״ǳ⣬ͬʱ
Ҷչ꣬ٿȻС
ͱײʱҶҵʩչʮзŵסĸг֣Ҷ̾ϢȻЩֵ֮УԶֹҶӦЩ
ֻǰôһ˲䣬ҶѾȡ˵˴Ϣ֮¡貨΢ȫչ˲ӰҦʢٰǰһңһ֮ǰӰѾĭɢٴѰҶ֮ʱѾ֮ˡ
ٰ׸Ҫ׷ϣȴҦʢһѳסȵ׷ˣǰŽﹻˡ׷ͭյǶҪ
ٰһͷ˷ϹǴȥķ׷ȥ
һߣʣµĳ԰ҲǻȥΪҪʵ
Ƭ֮䣬ɱɢȥұݲеĴٴһƬƽ֮С

ǺϹǴһǼóһԴΪһȴȫɲóΪڿĲӣȽź͹
ʷһξԼڷܣǰ̫ԼǼˣڹϸ¹Ϊǰľȫһӵ˿ȡʤġ
ϹǴӳȥϰԶջǱ׷ϣסֻǹһյĹ򣬱㱻֮ҦʢٰΧġ
ٰЦǺǵؿǰ֮Ϲ֣α󣬲Ѷôѿ
ϹǴɫٰ࣬ףúõɽǳȴ԰ͽᣬѵΪǰ˴ûʵǽаô
ҦʢɭȻ˴ƨ⡮ͭҳ԰һ̳Сͭ쾭壬ǰ˴ҵ겻һ̼֣ͭζھȻҸţ֪
ϹǴЦһĴΣǧ꣬һӵͷҦҵҲǰҵһ߹Ҳһ
Ҧʢ嵱Ҳ֮һͬʱҲǵ˴֮һΪ̫׽İңҲ³
һԵѾôŭֲͣرȻţɫΪɭϣббһ̬ԡ
Ҧʢɫͷ˵˵ˣϻ㲻ɱȡ٣
Ǹң
ϹǴ߸߾аһŰǸǰһһⶫһɢ
ҦʢͷЦƾٵߣǧ괫еı־ܻٵͶѰҡͭˣ
ϹǴЦȵ˵úãҾҪǧ괫еıǸεĽʵ
һ䣬ϹǴ͵һ£
ҪҦʢæֹ
ǺϹǴЦݣɨˣƺ˵ôҡǺۣ
Ҧʢҧгݵ˵УϹǴȻǶı˵ɣʲô
ǡͭյǲ鵽ͭϸַҪݣûͭľλöѰ֮ҵˡ
ȻϵԶм䣬ڡͭľλãֻ֪ţȴѰɵãšͭյ˵ʲôҪѰ
Ҧʢ֪ͭյΪʵҲȷǷʵԿסֵȫһĵزⶫ̫ҪҦʢɽϹǴвҲðա
ǺϹǴЦҦ˿ⶫΪҪඣ


158 
ڶԷԼһȫ׷ڷδҲЩС
Ҧʢһûк˵ΪͭյѰҡͭڵҪ
Ŷ⵹֮⣬벻ϷȻ˺ϹǴһתŵȻ˵ȻΪλص֮һ飬֪ҦܷǰӦأ
ҦʢɫݣһԵ
Ҳɫѿȴ΢΢˵ͷ
е΢ߣ浱괳ʱʹӣȻū͵ĵλ㡰桱˼ҲҪʩһ񣬽塱
Ҧʢˡ׿ϣҲͲٹ˼ɣ˵ͷӦϹ˵ɡ
ϹǴ￴ˡһۣЦ벻ҦպգԭҲǱ˼ūŰ
Ҧʢɫ˲䣬ʱʱ࣬һɣֻѹסŭ𣬳ȵϹ˵Щ޹ؽҪķϻµɡ
ã˿ϹǴڵһЦȻϹֻҪ롮ͭķжλõɣ
ɣذɣһɶûУҦʢȻŭ
һԵٰ׵ǵ˺ϣЦ޷޷̸ϹȽҸط̸
ٰף㵱ǰҵС壿̸ԣȴΡϹǴ䳰ȷ˵ٰڨЦһɫδһ仯
ҦʢϹҲ÷ǻΪˣԿɺã
Զģٺ٣ҲǲԡϹǴﻰһתŵıѣ㽻Ǻˣ
ҦʢδϹǴѲͷԣϣøһˡ
ϹǴٺһЦˣҪλʱϹң
Ҧʢ뷢ʱһҺ԰ɽǺϹҵȫֳɣš
ϹǴǶȺ룬Ц˵λҪãϹҵԮñصǷܾˣҦֿҪذϾĲҦ֣
Ҧʢɫͨ죬˿ʱľ棬㼺֣ҲǲҰϹǴôһͭյǿɲԼܹġ
Ҧʢ̾һȻˡϹҳ԰ؽŰݷã̸֮¡
λؼϹǴЦʩһɴҷ緶
Ҧʢһתߡ
һԶϹϹǴƨֱǼ˫
ϹǴȴɫٿȻһѳסϹɭȻ˾ͽǸϹ
ڴϡ
쵰ϹĴдã
ϹǺϹǴܻɫŵûæͷת˱ȥ¡
ϹǴȺתеİ򿪣һһ໨룡
ϹǴｫ°ãɫغݺץΣǰǰɵӰڴϹǴﻤ˿δɴƬ͸ƣʺѪҺ˾ͽȻҶһˣ
ԭϹǴװж˲䣬ѾǶһ˿ѺۣʱһͻͻԼ󣬱֪˾ͽĵԼ˴򡣲ϹǴҲСǺ֮ƣֻɲǼ˶Լľɹ֣ԼСȡ㹻ʱ䡣
ʱμΣգҪԼΣңµ֣Լʬᵱˡ
ˣһҪ˾ͽһϵĺҪ˾ͽҵĺ֮࣬Ҫ񣬱˽֮ǰ˾ͽܲĶ㵽֣

Ϲҵĸ׷ϹǴ׷˴⣬ֻʣһȺͷɥİ˴Ҹ֡
󲿷ûƵĸ˾ͽ΢֮󣬶ѡȥôһսԼһ˵ˡͷԭȴһûԼУ˶Ķһ֮ɫȥ
˾ͽſѪȥ˱ɥ
˾ͽ̺ԣڶ˾ͽҵĵӽ˾ͽͻشϵһ䷿֮ڣ֮ǰһֱûôֵļгϺϣʱ٣֮С
˾ͽǰһ̴Ĵָߣⲻٺ٣ǺСӶ˵ˡ
˾ͽֳһ˿΢ЦҪͻȻֵһξϹǴ﷢ֶԣҲ˵Ǳ˰еˡ
ϵͷ΢Ц
˾ͽȴɻʵô壬Īﻹʲôɣ
˾ͽͺ϶һۣǺһЦѾͷ֪Ϊʲôһֱǰɱֻô
˾ͽĪ˲ôأ
˾ͽǷϣֻЦ˵ѾͷĽһ֪
˾ͽһϲؽ󳤽һȡ£Ǻһ˳һ֮£ȴǴΪɻæŽͷʵ壬ⲻǰͺô
ʲô˾ͽͺɫͬʱ䣬ٿȻһ˹ȥƣһŵر飬ͣ˵ôôܣ
˾ͽЩħ״̬æֹߣҪú룬˲ͷ
ͷܰô֪ĽвŵǱϼأ
˾ͽһ𣬷ܻ˴ϣһֱߵĿ˹͵سȴͳһ͵Ĵ룬ģΪϤ˾ͽǵԼڴŵʱ򣬱гⶫƹ
˾ͽɫʱɷף˭˭ô似ĵĪǡʥ޼˲ɣ
˾ͽʼն⿿֮ϣûһ˿һи֮⣬û뵽ǱԼߵ˰
֮ߵ͵ܣֻд˵еġʥ޼¡ֻ˾ͽûϵεжУ޼ûͽȴˡ
µ˫ۼΪɭҧгݵ˵ҶȻǸļһµ֡
˾ͽȴ˵ûнӽ尡ǴӴͻȻֵ˸Ϊɡ
̾һɵӣûһģ
˾ͽɫʱͨ죬ҧ촽к޺޲ѡ
˼Ϊɥ֮ʣ洫һһϹҵĵʩֵ߹ڤ
һʱʲôң
ǵһ㶣תҪȥԥԥһ˵λڤ˵Ҫ£ǹڶʧ飡
Ŷ˾ͽͺ϶һۣ˾ͽһ֣룡
˾ͽվҪӭӣȴ˾ͽһס˵壬Ĳ
˾ͽһţæش齣ؿڴ֮ϣ˵뱱ڤӡ


159 е
ڤһεİ˷䣬ϵû˿飬и¶һ˿Σ˾ͽ
˾ͽ˻ûѯڤ㽫еİ˹֮У͸˾ͽǰڶѾǣ
˵꽫ϵĶһţתҪȥ
ֶ˾ͽæسٹ˼ɶԷǷԼûб濴ȥôأǼʵֶͺǺУ
ڤϵĶһۣ˵Ӧ˾ͽﱻ͵ߵǰѳɣͶˣȻǸˣ
㣬ô֪㿴ʵ
ڤһûֻǸֵǸ͵ϵĶӦòôǣȥҲͲǰѽˡ
˾ͽͺϳĬԼֶûע⵽˳͵˾ͽıôⱱڤұСӾȻ
Ҫô˵ѣҪôб֪һ档
˾ͽǰ򿪰һȻʧȥǰѱȫƷ֮⣬һš
ڤ˾ͽɫ˵˾ͽǰյ˶Ըô
˾ͽһ㶣ʵôֶѵԡͭĶȤô
ڤʹԴҡҡͷûд𻰡
˾ͽʵ㱱ڤֶЩƱѵǧǰѧж˿Ȥô
ڤǧǰĴôһԼ׵õѧ£ٶľѧΣԼҴĽû۷壬ȥ̰ͼЩʲôأһ;ȡ䲻רģ𣬱ǽѧ֣ҲԴﵽ¡ѧǳֻǼҴ㹻òˣ̰ͼЩ֮⣬ֻĽɳ
ڤһϯʱ˾ͽͺ϶ǹĿ࿴һԵ˾ͽҲƵƵͷһܽģ
˾ͽͷޣãúáѧֹΪȡϷȻһϣֶӡϷţպֶĳɾͱȻϷ֮ɾ͡
ǰˡǣ
ڤʩһ˳⡣
ʧıڤ˾ͽ̾˿иж˵ڤһڱڤڱĵӾȻ͹˾ͽҵĺǴĲ簡
¶һ˿죬˵߻ԣ⻰ҪǴϷ˶ɾͲ̫ˣϾһϷôһ˵ѵǶϷ˲ôҼӺĴӣ˿ɶϷָģʵڤĲɣ
˾ͽһ
˵λϷ˱ǵ˾ͽ壬֮λ˾ͽ껵˾ͽˣݳԺյ˾ͽĸ֮⣬һϡ
ҵĶ統Ҳ޾ֵĴŮ׷߲ƫƫϲӡʹԼʮ˾ͽ壬ǲѣȻ޸˵ʱ˾ͽϵﶼ˾ͽ壬ʵҡ
˾ͽһܣ֮ñڽ̳˾ͽ֮λ˾ͽΪ̳ˡ
ƫƫ˾ͽ尮ɿ񣬲ϲ񣬶ֶθ߳ñ˾ͽȨ˾ͽĸϲ𣬲֮£徣һԶŮ˾ͽޱ˾ͽ塣
Ů˾ͽޱ޸˼ᰣһŮӣŮ÷ѩĸ֮
˵ⶫ磬ոʮͷɥ֮ʹ˾ͽʮ꣬Ϊս⽻˾ͽҡ
ֶιȻ߳Ϊ˼ΪʲţֻԼ֮ˣԼ˾ͽ껺˾ͽ׿Ϊţѹ˾ͽ壬ʹֶΣ˾ͽ뿪˾ͽң˼̳ݡ
صĺϣǶߵţ˵˾ͽҵĵܳ˾ͽ껺˾ͽ׿ĶӣǶӡ
ӣӣʮŮ˾ͽڣȫڱԸĵرĶҪƵͷҲι쾳磬˾ͽ˵ȣϷ˶ȴǵһĵ̷ʱַĵ˻Ҫɭϣ˾ͽ˾ͽϵвʱ˿̣Ժϵ⣬ȻûʲôɫҲǼ軵Ķʲôʸڤȡ
ȻĻ˾ͽȻ¶˾ͽôܹ꣬нݵλͲ޹ϵ
˾ͽеıϼպãִ潣Ƿţһдһ֣ϼԭأͭյա
ǡᣬҶ
̶̵һ仰ȴ˾ͽΪ޿κΡ
һԵ˾ͽҧгݣҶǹ޳ܵģ˾ͽҵıд˵ַͼˣ
˾ͽȴŵ˸룬ЦҲûа취Ʊǿ
ѵǲټ˴׷ô˾ͽʵ
˾ͽһ˾ͽԴɵѾͷҪǰ˵ȥǵõĶô죿ҪȥǲһôҶǲ򵥣»ܽͻ֪ǸΪܡ
Ūڹ֮Уϲ޵˵
˾ͽһüʵ֮أ
ĸȴԮʱҶ黹ˣ
˾ͽһ˿У޿κ֮£ķſһУǵͷ˵Ǿϵ˼ɡҦʢһȻҪҵҲҺһģʱɺ֣Ҿȫĵ˺ˣ
ˡҲáϵҲƳ٣뵱ȻӦ

Զڰ֮⡣
һҹٸѲ߿촬֮ϣҶֵ˾ۼһϸǰ澰
ͬһСġͭյбעˮˮЯֻͭġǰȵطˮем䡣
һɽɫĹâͭġϵľ·͸ͭյ͸Ĳʣ䵽˴ڵıϡ
ԭҲͷβľڷ֮󣬡ͭյϵ·롰ͭġϵľﻥص¶һŵͼ
绨վϣ߾ǵͼӰͷԾȥͶܵǽϣ˲ϵľ
ˣɡҶһ绨нηӳ
벻⡮ͭλþȻݵ嶼δ󡣡Դզ಻ѡ
ʸ̩̾Ϣ嶼ǧǰǡ񡯰ҵĻʹڵأûд֪Ĳǧ⸽ҲûзκĽڰǧĵò仯Բ׺ɣ
ˮ˵ǵͼеɽôϲӦñ嶼Ͻɽ
ܣϽɽȥΣһ֮⣬ֻϵĵֵһÿô࣬ô˵Ƥӵ£
绨кǺһЦ񡯡ͭ¡ǺǣطԵ
һ㶣ͬʱ̾绨Īʵô˵ô
æҡͷʸ̩绨ļ˵ֵܣ˴ˡҵθ찡ǹ׳յģôԵϵôû뵽
Ҷᶨصͷ˵ûˣͭһϽɽֻԭɽϣ֪ô᲻ټǸ¡Ϊɣֻ֮ǡ˰ĸݵأĿĲѰҡͭ䡣
ˮԼĴԴ²ݴ˵ʱ̣ǰȼͭ·ĻأΧͭǧָ־ըͭҲǸʱڽġ
ʸ̩ü˵пͭٵˣ
ܣһˮ˵˵ͭδûٻɽпܵϾըҩ£Ļ
ʸ̩˵ܱͭϽɽĵ¡
Ҳܱը֮󣬴ɽϹδ󣡡Ҷӿ˵
Դһߣȴ绨һŭȵʲôӣȵβ
ԴҲ죬ĦȭƵ˷˵ô˵дҪˣ
Ҷû˵ڵĴǻŰ֣չýѦͷڡͭҲҪڼĸ֮˵
ľڻʵۻʸ£ʸ̩ӵ˵֮С
֣չáǸħšͭô鷳¾һ𣬿ֵҪˣ̩߬µ˵
Ҷ˵֣Ʊ롢ƷɡлưӻʦŰɣսӦ˵ģߣǡ
ʸ̩ͷͬ⣬Ҳ΢΢ĵ˵һǵʵҲˡ
Ҷ۾һϢͶɣĳûأ


160 
Ǹٻ˵СзӾͨ˶Ũ̹ʬ壬лʬ屻ٻԱϵĽ̿
˲ðĴŨ̺յžžķ⣬ԭӦַٵСѱŵĹҴӦԶԶӵ
ϣˡ
ա
һ⴫ƻķɳУһƥһˣɫµˣǡʮӥٱСӥչ
۽ҪϵСյֻʣһƬǽ塣
ЩʬгʸոɺԵѪգɱ߾ǲŮףһɲпᴦá֮˿ŭãȴֱֵֻͬ·һĲ԰ס
Ĺ㳡ϣһɴʯɺġפꡱѾϺɫѪڸǵģ塣
ʯ˷һͷװ׷ŭĿԲ˵ǰĲʣչϵ壬õָ֣죬Ҳǡӥչ۷ɾصѣڴ˵ʮ꣬벻꾹Ȼ˶֡
ͷǱһնģֺֿݣĽǶȿӦǵ䵶
䵶Įֻһ˿Դ죬ǱƽʵҮֻеԲĵʿƽ
ͷѹһһͷϵһֻӥ
ǵ˶ԡʮӥơ
ѪδɣȻȥã
չһתͷС򱱷ڼ۶ȥ
ճûãԾһɽͷֻ֮ͨԭĹٵϣ˱ӵĳӣ϶ɽսƷеĳǿ޿ŮӣΧǰҴܵĵ˻ǺȻԸոȡõʤΪ
ֻһԷţ֪ЩڱҵĲ䡣
ңʲôʱ˵ӣҡʮӥϽµıˣ
չһңһѴУֱ峵Ӷȥ
ڶβ⳵صĹϵ˦ѿ˰֧·̡
չճȥβ⳵ϱͻȻһŮӣغˤڵأǼǿʱķܡƼչ磬ֺ
չӱޣǰȥһ죬ŮӺһ֧ضŮʬڵأչĿѣȴΪ̫ԶԮ
չҲڴʱ֣˻䵶ų˹
Ȼϵ壬䷽棬һϵһû뵽Сӥ׾ӵĶ֣ݣ죬һĵ˼ͬʱӦʺмڷ
⳵ϵĵŵô󺧣ʾţǺţ
ء
ȻֹչһжԷ󣬴ǰ˹ȥ
ʾʱݣҲ㹻ǰӵעˡ
ţǺ𣬴ӵĵٵļոջɢòӣһɲǼ۳һɸǰһ˵ľӽ죬˶ǻƽͷϸܵС裬һСɫβ
ڵĻƽһ¾֮࣬չ¶һ˿Ц⣬ǰ⳵ʱӣɶն˱ŮϵЩڱ߽ŮϤת⳵ʱķ˻ȥ
չӭŶǧ޾ɫϣмʸĵҲǲʾչ
һĵȴǲʱмǱ̤࣬չⷽȴǼ£գֻչˣ죬ǿپͽ󲿷ּʸÿ
ƽȴǲһһԣôؿӭչһƺϳչݣתͷһλӢΰĻƽһǻƽ۾һͺȳţǺţӭչǧʱֳɣ೯չΧ
εͷˣ
չɭʩӢΰʿһۣ˫еĻڰײһ·ײž졣
ȻǸ֣
չ𼴽ΧʱֵͻȻһӸ߿ţǺ죬ֱƲϣ
չ¶һЦڸϵˡ
ЩΧĵ¶ʧı飬Ϊ֪Žǡʮӥ֯ġӥϵˡ
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ոɴΧĺɫ˲˵ĺмλá
ӥǰǰƥźĿףĹ䲻͸Щȫװͱݡ
ֻһӴɱѪɺӡ
ЩҲս֮ۼ޷ĳţǺһ죬ͬɢһ㣬һ£ɢȥܿ·ߣתλٴμᡣ
ԿЧķ͸ɵתЩͼȡʤֻЩΪЧķӥչ۷µġӥȴǺá
Ϊ⡰ӥЩ֮⣬ͬĹһɢ˳Щɢĵﾡ׷ɱ޷֯ЧĶΡ
ЩӥսΪЧɢӵĵ䲻֯ЧĽΣԹнɱսЧԡ
ĵ彫Ҳǲһȡʤ֮˱ĺ
ûˣ޷׷ս˴ιսʹ˽幥һ򣬵ӵսƷȴҲ޷ߣ۽˫Ǵˡ
ʱԭƽеһˣͻȻһ˶飬Ⱥеչɱһһ˽׷ͷĿȴֹҪҲųȴƽס֡
չ֮ϲһӭɱ˫ӽʮɾʱչһͷͬӥһڿն˫ڻһ֮̽ʱѾһԽɫצָ֮ϣֱλãȴýŻӭ䣬Ϊ硣
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չЦһ˫һ񣬶Ȼߣܹâͬʱһ϶˫צӣʮҷסϮƽе·˫ָ£ͬһ㳯ŶԷҪ
Է벻չṦȻ˹һʱʧ֮·磬ĴѲãֻþٵһչţ漫ٽƣŵչ˫ֳһЩҪڶԷԼ֮ǰһڵ£֮ɼһߡ
չΣңڿһۣͬһɵķ£ӶԷͷһתֶ࣬ͷĻ˶ظצ
ǵֵתڽҪͷסԼǰһ죬ѪɵظֳѪǱչָӲѪ
Ҳ˼ǣδ࣬˲ء
չһмЧȻأ˫ڵһţųһӣ̳ƣӴķһչɸոյġӥצ֡ʩչצ֡Ϊ׺غδȵĵֳɱȥ
ʱһҲǼʱϵһѷס˲ѵߣչɱ˫˸ɫ˫֣ӭ룬Ϲչ
ʱϣ˫֮⣬˵Ⱦæϣֻؿ˫¸ߵ֮֡
ۼԷ˫赣ɲǼչʼʱƺʧʮӥĸҪԮȴ֮
չǿȴǱø˷ܣл֤Լĥսˡ
ԴҶѧӥצ֣չڽЩѧ֮󣬸ʱԹУдӡ֤书֮⣬צӦҲ뵽Ӧõİ취һֱ۽׶ΣһչлӦһˡ
һХչʩչѧצ֡еһʽϻ
ǰ̬͵رǰˣͬһתֻצצһƵתʱ۳һ͵Уֱӭ濳䵶
һʱǰռ䣬צâڹڣһиɱĥ̡
ȻҲԪչеǱһ̯ˮһ㣬˲䱻ٵ֮һ֮ǰսζûΡ
ľңʽҲǼ˱ѡ
צƱ£Ҳ˲֣һͬѡһһ࣬˫˫˿
һЦзչܹʩչôһУȻõӳΧ֮⣬ԼͽȻ˲Ҫʽ
ͻȻһתԭĶɲǼաչҶݺסЧԼ˼սӥָ㣬ԼʩչɲǼȡ˼ĳɹ
ֶʱеһɾ޴ֻǼ˲һϢʱ䣬ҽŷ˻ȥݣиչǰ˵ֻǰӰһ˲䣬ӺģֻһƬѪ꣬ͷӶʣһΣ˲״޿ɲң
Զͷʱҽһεȥˤ
ƽŵæԼһľҲָӣٿȻ򱱷Ӵܶȥ


181 Ԯ
ʧȥĵʧȥսľģѾҲĶεʱȻɢԭɵĻǾٴαҺĸ򣬱ӥĴ׷ɱʱʬᴦ֮ǰˣ˱ԵĶ
չһХԭɱСӥڷɱеϣһҪƽߵķ׷ȥӰһһһɫƤ£ߵﳶסƾǰ㷭ɣȻѲãԷ˵ء
չٿȻһ磿ʲôȥ׷Ԫף
˾Ȼʮӥڶӥ˵ʮʮͣƫƫȥʮòȻΧɫס¶֮ݣȥǱչҲ˶١
չ׷ʣӥȻһЦȥˣʦ㣡
ǡ
ȥҲ׷
Ϊʲôչʵ
ӥһָԶɽߵգɫСεɼ
չĿԶʶǵ尮ѩƽʱԣսʱɲ鿴飬չ̾˿
ûӥǺǣɱ˺ҵӣ϶ȻԼľôձһɱֻ϶ưոݣ
չһ϶Υԣҳɱ񣬱ǰɱƬײ
ӥδ𻰣մһԼһˬʵĴЦ
˻ͷﲢжһףڵܲ͸磬мһƤƤñƤѥһ񣬶Ҳ֮˰ǹӢˬ
һչʺ򣺡硢硢Ÿ磬Ҳˡ
ⲢʮӥеӥӥϾŭӥ
֮ǰЦһ׵ӥƿ¶һ⺷ף˵ԶԶľкҪɱķǲ֪˭ôù㰡
ǹӥֻ¾ǶҰɡ
ʵͬһŭӥӿڵǻɫȻҪΪΪۣɱһҾɱʮ˶࣬һ˶࡭
ӥ˵˵ЩˣʦѾǰ·ߣ϶ʦȻ
ΪͻȻ͵Ϯҡפꡯ򣿡չʵ
ʦȥԭ򡭡ӥݵһΣҪԭˡ
Ϊʲôս𡭡
ΪԭҪӥ

ΪȥҪ
Ĵ֮£ӥչ۷ɵĺɫӭƮɣͷӥһһͬϷ費ͣ
ӥչ۷òȥѮ˫ް߰ףѩͷ˿ͷȥ˿ݵò͹ԳһֻӥǣԵøĸʡ
ӥƤӨͨ͸˸ĿĹ˫Ŀɷһ۱ҲˣԨͣŵȣȴʹȻۡ
ӥ֮ƺš
ʱ˿̣ӥ˫üķǶݵĵԶߵԭ
ԭʲô£չʵ
ӥнֽ߬ŵݸչ𡭡
ǡչչһɫֻֽһֻѹڵأ¾
չ𿴲
չ۷̾˿˵ͼⱲӵڶοһαǵʸ¶ȡλǻأͼǾµźţ˴ȥһΡ
һʲô˼
չ۷һһΡ췴źŷңǻʸǸһҲͬΣλ˰ɡ
չ棬Ǹ׽˼ǣ
չ۷ɫ¶ɫʸµ˼ҶҲΪ˽ɽ𢣬ԼΪԵ飬㳶췴⽭ɽôܾڣɽΪأһȥԭҪȥ鿴һŵǲʹǰ嶼ĳ˽ˣĿΪԻȡ֧֣ĳ˷ϻλչ۷ɾԲ˵ͨ顣ǻʸ¼㵱ΪٲԣҲ顣ȥǸҲǸҪͨе˭ϷϢ嶼¾ƣ
չҲöѪڣɱӯա
ЩȻչ۷ͽܵţҲֵµսԴУͬ飬ʳڲƲˡʮӥµļؿȻ˳ȡֵ֧ıоǿ̣벻̡
ʦҲһȥɣƢΪŭӥһѳԴϵƤñ¶βС裬ȵ
ŭӥǱߵصĻ񣬵Ϊ֣ɱһС˵չ۷ɾ𣬴Ӵ˱ˡӥߣͬʱҲ޵һˣ͢ڲһҪ˴סһǼѪ⣬ͷ֮ޡ
ŭӥԣڳġʮӥҲȡ
չ۷ҡҡͷǶ£ҪǡߣǲǸϻ쵰ڶô͢ڲд춯ǵЩһеֻ֣¸Һɱ޵мɣһ˫մѪȵӻزԭ

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ܣⲻܡ
ⶫõģЩɫ
ҺٺһЦȻ
˵ƨѾˣѾˣ½ɫ԰ף촽Щˡ
ҼȲϣҲϣôΪҲáΪĽɫ̫Ҫǲῴ𰸵ġ
㣬˵ʲô
شģǷҳʵĽƿ
Χ֮£һֵģȻĽͣԷһ֣ҲʲôĲԣ顢½̹ġɽʮһ֮콣Ƕ˺Χʮҵĺ־ֽ˹Χ֮У
֪ʱ½ҲǶԸ߹һҶͬʦô
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½ȴǱܿ˹Ҫļǰ·ȴƣ¶ԴѪ۵ţԼּ޳ͽԺȡ
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186 Ӣ۾
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֪Ӳƴֲô˲ҳǿһ֮Ȼ˺⣬Һüأɿתǿת㲻Ϊʹ˳һ亹Ҳķ˴Ԫ
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һ߳ʴͬһƮӡߺѸԮ
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˵̲ס۵һ˳
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ԴҶʵҶӣô˵
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ŶҶ˿ˮЦǾͰˮң֮ǰ˴ɢԱƨɺѰҡͭϢôɴ࣬ͭļصѡ֮ϡô˵ֵܼᣬ񲻸Ҹ磬Ըǡͭġɺ뱦һһյĵʤߡٺ٣ʱҵҪƷᡯţҲλָк
Ҷһ˵꣬κ޾ȴǹЦ񫣬˦ֱ˷䣬⡣


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ͭһĳַ֣
˵֮ǰİ˽ֻ֮ǰִ࣬Դ˶Ǿ̬ȡϾⶫ˭Уͭټδ֣ȥֻͽΣաֻȷˡͭλã⿪ŵԿײô
ڻáͭټͭյͭ͡ġ˫˫нСͭյİ˴ңһеִĿڳһҪͭġݸС
ݸݵսҪأ˺ˮ֮أ̼ʢݸʢ
ʱ̫Ҫûɽ֮£Щƻ𡣽ɡҶ￴֣ȴҪһԣŲ谭ˡ
Ҷֵˣκ޾Ρ֣չãһаԶݸĵط˰ر㵽˳С
κ޾°ȻĴ֣չãҶЩͷʹ̾һ
ʱ򣬲ŷ֣չʵǸƿߵﶼôţﲻæҪֿҪսκ޾ΰǰؿ
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һȥأ˭˭Լһ˵Ѿй¶κ޾Ρ֣չõĴҲ˾֪ˮڣ浶ǹĸǸһ
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Ҳѣ绨бŭǳǰһѾ;ס˵ĲӣֱӾ͸
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189 Ȼ
绨һɤ֮ԭֵľ¥ʱž
Դǰ绨ȰοĪЩСˣӷϡ
ʸ̩ҡͷ̾ϢҶ˿ǻǵǰͷķׯԵã
˷׷תǱˤιȥŴ󺺵ºһΧ˳Ժȵ󵨣ǲܼҵˣ˲ܹǻߣ

ʸ̩һۣһɫ𣬡շħͨٿȻܼҵͬʱɣ¡¡ҷ̯λײŴشҽ졭
Ʊ˲ƣÿ˶ǾţξȻŵආҲΣԸһ̵Ļʸ̩̲סŭǳ
ĵ׶ǼȲˬҪȥͻȻһߴӾ¥ϴߣ⡮Ʒᡯǲܹ𹫶λ̩Ӣۻ֮ˣ벻Ҳȼ֮ǰ£ǲȴһЩѡ˶֣Ǻô磡
ҶٿȻֹһаð
δ𻰣¥ִһХ˼ֵ´ֻݵߣ̻ռЩӣΪﶶ磬Ҫ˱˵´ۣҡ⯡ʤҲҪѵһġ
ҶüëһԱߵԴ޵һֻ̿ԼСϷ˷µģеֻˣݰկġ˫¡¹¹ֵǡ⯡ʤޡеߡڣķ롣
飡
¥ϴһŭ죬һŭ벻¼ֵܳʮ꣬ͷ˼Ҳˮƽ˵ҲҪλˣ
һҲҺشåʲô໰˳ǡޡˡ
֮⣬¥ϵĽú˲ܼҵڴ˸磬໥֮䱾оɣʱǷ׷׺ӡӡʵһֱͬûˡ
̩һ󵶣һ죬ȵҽ󱲣еӳһս
绨иǱѣ˱Ųμ⹷ƨġƷᡱͱһӻʱ˺ﻹƵסƢ
һʨӺ𡿣þ¥ŴҶŴǰһգһɹǾ¥¥ٽִʱȫηɣһƬУ¶¥ǵǵһȺʿ
벻Ĵļ˾˱ң˾ˣֻվڽһȣ洰ľмʱɫ԰ףһѮվǿ򶨵سȵȺˣſ񣡡
һǸղ˵֮ˣȴ֪¹¹
ֱ绨ֱ˶ϣҲͨգֱӴ˹ȥХ˶ͬһֻһ˹ȥΧֱ¥
һ󾪻ʧ𣬶¥ܹʮֵָʱһţеİαֵеֱˣеֱſ˵ϣ˲ȵֱ
ΧͬʱԾ𽫽ʮ֣ͬʱ绨Ⱪҵһ
䣡
һ𺳰ݳǵıըɫΪŵľ¥¥һбƷγһٿȻɢ

ΧϵƬȫ
ꡭ
еĽȫ顭
¥ʮָͬ쫷Ĳһ⒁ɣһͬɵĻо¥ϵΡƲˡľмʯ顭
Դһ֣סһֻǰɹռ˴մϵҳֱ˺һȣ̻ʡ
ҶһָͷһƬû˵㻹θأ
Դһ˵Ҷӣƺˣһ֣˰ݳǡߺߣǵżܣֻھ͵ÿ򣡿ͷôʱԶ
һֱż˵κ޾߹ֱ˰ֻռҲãʹ򣬰ǵĴ򷨲簴ǵĴ򷨡ƷᡯҲүȥɣƷëᡯ첻ɣ
ֵܻ࿴һۣ벻λκ޾ƢҲô󣬿ҲǶŭʤ̫˵٣Ҳɵǵǡ
ãֵܾݸʲô˸ҵֵܵ·
ҶƢһҲǲҪӲҪ
ֵܺȻӦ
֣չúǺһЦ˵ȻǡһȺ񲡣


绨һЦȭһȣǰʮ֮ǰܵĽúڵأûдҲȭδȡֻǶϡعǶϽۣ˵
绨Ǻɮ˰ȣ¶ž׳ĴӣŴһȺûĹţʶҵĴô
Ƶġ⯡ʤ֮ǰ绨һȷʱӣƴͷϵˣϵˡʴʦżΣ
绨
˵ͣһǡɮ绨ʤɵðԽ֪УҴùͷ
ɮ绨ѾҶһŽٳ֣չõ¼ֵܼ˵ͬһشͷһʱЩѳΪһܵǰ˶Ǳ֮ϡ
绨ѵﹷţҵֻһ棬ҽа壬һıǡ
һմȣһ죬˵ıͷɹŵһ󾪺źȵûУ
æصͷͦˣˡ
Ⱥָ밵ùǰǴո֣Ͼʮ֮һĲʤ˵ȥġ˭ϵ˻û棬˾͵鷳ˡ
û˲ʤλȺ˵ʵǰ׸
绨תŴȱߣԴ޵Сͷǰһۣ̾ؽСóԱŻϺܣͬʱ߶鱨ʧ󰡣ǻ
һȺָѵʧʹޣͷߡ
绨Ű˻ҶЦôˬ
绨˿ĭ˶ļ⣬㲻ϣ
Ǿͺãߡ
ȥģ
Ҷһָǰ󡱣ЦŶộߣ磡
ϣ绨Цͷߡ
ʸ̩һ㶣ʵỹ죬ô͹ȥǲ̫ðʧˣ
˼ҰںúôҶǺһЦⳡȻֵܣʲôʱʼ˵㣡
һ͵س쳤ХһȥٿȻʮԶΧƵͱ֮ǰıըѣʱǷ׷״Ӹӿ˽ͷĿԶ
ҶХһ֮ʩչǧﴫ֮¡¡ͬ⴫˲شÿһĶҶЯֵܣǰᣡ
ƮǧΡΡ¼ֺܺʱĹ˵֮Զ⣬ʮ⣬һڣȴ·ֱ˶ըһ㣬ʱ˶ɫ䣬ºȻ
ˮǺһЦ߸磬ˣõƯ
ҶЦһظ˿¾Ͳֵֹ˰ɣЩšͭζ๷ǣҲ֮סòʤǵõǡͭġˡٺ٣ֵܣӣҲøѲƤ


190 
Ҷһǧﴫ˷⿮ȻļֵܣʱºǰӢһǲɵһõúӣ
Էʮеλʦ⼸ëͷСӾȻֱ»˺ƣڵֽа壬ֻݵţüٰθ֣Ϊʮ֮⣬Դһʦ
һֱڰеļλǰˣҲǰ̾һ˵ɽ˲ųȻ̫СЩˡ
ҶûãլԺһЦһϺ˳ãһɵġСɡҶϷ̫ףڴ˹Сһе
һ߽ͬǹȵȻ˴ԣ㼴ٿλͬɣ
ӣҲʮ⣬ȴûҶǧﴫǰ棬оȻһҶ˸ͷ˸ͷʡ
̫׺ͲʤȻʤȴҶ࣬ƫƫЩɷѷɫ̫࣬Ҷˡŋ翸󡱵İշĳɾͣ²ڶ룬ƹСµһȫš֮ƵҲݾλѡ
޺ûᣬ޺硣
Ҷڽϴ󶯸λʱвʤܻԶȭļ
ĸֶʤԺĸ߼լԺ֮УԳɡչ󡢽׿ƽҶгͻԼͬݵλ͵֮⣬Сһ͡ǡһδκض󵶡׶Ľ͡
ֻǹ龳Ͱ벽ľ֣ʮˡ֮⣬ʤ̫׵ԣһλ˪Ľ֣üĿƾȻϵλøԵŮӣбӢˬһȴҶйһ֮Ե塣
Ůֻ蹲ͬһϻ治֪
Ȼ˱ǸᣬλӢܵķǸ֣ǰλŮǷǸ׿ͬʦãСǽ֮ƵӢ
ӢԸ𱬣ΪάǸȨλŮȨʿ⿴ӣһηǸͷҪſһԸ񣬼ᶨʿϮɱҶ˵ľġ
˱鼸պνУӢѾǲؿһȵǰΪЩ̫˼ˣҿҪʲôƷᡯͷֱ˽ȺĽദǣ鷳
ںͬʱǰһжǰǷǸȻóǿûǸʵһֱɱˣʮԪϻ㽻ȥֻı£ǷǸҸɡ
̫׺ǺһЦǼ˼ȻãǾ͸Ӧõ֪Կĺϧ˵µļ˶Щʮҵˣǰ;ƫƫапܣϷҲ뵼ƣҲһ¡
Ⱥ֮ǣֱ̫г߷緶һ̩
Աߵġìڡʤʮͷȴ䵭̫˼ҵ뷨Ϊų⣬ǴΪͬǸӢ顣
ֻǸûͷ£Լټ˸ظ̫ͷʲôͷλȻ̫ʮԼжʮƸ߳Լһأ浶ǹĶ֣ʤ治ηλʮûи˶ִֵˡ
̫һԱߵӢȴҲ㲦ӣֻǰʵ£Ӣȴ˸ּ⣬ܷȺڽ˷Ǹȥһθմ񽣡˪ҪӢڹؼʱնħ
һ仰˵̫üֱԷĻ˵ĺǿǵôҶҪǴõĲõ˼˵־ͳ֣ʱټ˵ɱǷǸûо档
вˬ֮⻬ȺŮԽԽ裬뼰ԼԷ֮ԼԼ׿µĺô̫׻ѹס˻
ڣȻһըӵŴúֱ죬зϵĻĵ龰˳Ծ
ʤ͵һӣȵˣȥô£
Լĵ߳ȥûѾҶΡΡĺҶЯֵܣǰᣡ
䣡
еиֶͬʱɫ䣡
ԷսԷ˵ĵһͬʱԷһɤ¶ڹҲ˴һ
⻹һʮͷôڳһʦЩ磬еԼ繦ȶԷĹ龳֣ҲԷʱɴ˸ɲ²⵽Ҷڹ֮⣬ҲȻԳ书
δһеĽ֮Ტۣ˶Ī׶ֵ뷨
ʤؿΣоâ䡭
ʮĿҶԳٿȻ𣬳˸ǴˣҶֶα޳ģȻװʹǰɱֶ㣬ʯ챦һʦȻ˴˶֣λͬвɹϢ飬һͬɱ޳֮ͽ
ãǰ˶ֵġҾƽԸ͡
ͬʱӦĻСչ̫͡š׿ˡ
˵ȶбӣаǻ˵ڣСɱҲᣬҵʱͶĦ룬Ȼǰ̵аΪ飬վһС
ԳߺӦȣɵôΪΡ
̫׺ǺһЦλĪż˵֮ʱϷֹ輸λһֱĻᡣ
£
ԳȻֹһ֮ɫԭ˼ߥԼһ𹥻ҶˣɱУû뵽̫һ仰ȴԼҶ̨ͬһ뵽ԷûԼ׵Ĺ򣬲ɵһ˵仰̬һû뵽ԱߵĹƽȵãлǰִԣСֵܶҪֽһ
ǹƽûҶ֣Ȼ֪ҶӡȫԳɵĽͣԳΪڸǵʱԼûһܣҶɼΪթĴֻ̿ͣЩŵ潻սԼΣʯȻȡʤ֮࣬ƽ˶ԷǸСˣȴֿһսʤӡһɽӵһӦ
Գһ治أҲֻǿװߣڸԼ飬аϼƣ˵ʱùƽͽ׿ͷԼԺ󣬾Ҳˡ
ֻôһ̫֮׺ͲʤѾȺԣʽƷᡱʽʼլԺиĸῡѾ룬ʱһĥȭƣҶͬ䡢ȴڽȵͬˣԾԾԵ
⡰ƷᡱòҲգֻҪܸҶļֵһ˿壬ϲֻ⼸רǰиδ֡
һƷᡱѾΪһҪͷǸ켺ᱦһս
еĸ̨ǰĻ󣬶εضݸ󣬶ڽֵϰȻļˡ
ʱ˿̣⼸ˣѾȫĽ㡣
Ҷ쳤Х̬ۣԶ󿪵ţɨԡԶԶŵֺܣһ˲Լģߵ۷壬һЦȵһΣҪȫµĺܶʶʶģߣ
˺ȻӦǣκ޾ҲǺȻһ𣬼Ҷ̫סʤ֮󣬴ҰȻȫǣλԺκ޾Я֣չã뼸λСͬء
׺ȫǡ
ֺ벻ﻹһλ֡ǸҶȺЮšࡱ֣չһͬǰ
ôǣôĵӣ
ʤ̫ףԼӢڵĺͬʱɫ䡭
ȻѲµκ޾εĴڣԷȻ֣չãĿŵһͬⳡƷᡱĲÿˣ


191 ħ䷨
ҶսԵʢκ޾εĵȴ־սˣԷֱӴ֣չãȫⳡսǰеļս֮һ
ҶųֶǰȺǸȭĺ˵֮⣬˶ǳҶкġͭġ
ߵ;ǰȺͻߣ¶ֱĵ
ͷһ֮ǰҶֵ󵱼ʯ㣬ԱɫĿʹ^ӣޡ׺͡㡱ҲǷң˰Ρֵܣɳޡͥ絶쿺ܽ͡ءﴺһϺзǡЦصѧȴǲС
Ҷ˻ǰЦʵôʯ󵱼ҵ˽Թ
ʯһո֣ͬʱҲȰһ䡭
ʲô
ʶʱΪܣʯ
ҶֵҲǣӭ
ҶЦ벻ʯ󵱼ҾȻֵܵˣѵǵǱڱ֮Ҳòô
ʯЦΪʯĳʲôˣ֮Σ̰ұȻҪ˭кηֱҶΪֵУʯĳ˲ҳôʯһ죬ȵҶָҰѶʯĳʯĳԸ㸰磬ƴҲüλվų
ΧȺȻʯһȻΪˡͭĶҹȻֵġ̫׺͡ìڡʤʯȻϷҲǹ龳ʵʶĸ֣Ŀ˸ߵ㲻֣ǷǸô
Ҷȴɫ䣬Ҷǵͷʯ󵱼ҺǣҶĳȴˡѴҲлʯ󵱼ҵĺ⣬ⳡᣬֵȥˡģϣ֮ϣƾðɣ
ʯ¶Ȼ˵Ц⣬ĵ¶־⡣
Ҷ˴սһȻܵѿȴҶ˵۷ֳɱĳԹһʱϡ
Ǿ
˫Ѫ𣬸һģ㺰һã
ʣ̹кβɣ
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ҶŲͣӭߵʯһȺǰ֣^յһҶʦȻжĺ鱾ɫⳡ֮ǲʤߵֻͣҪҪʦһݣ
α֮Ϊ£ǺȾƽôǾϴһȻɱʹ죡
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Ҷ˰Ȼǰȥκ޾ξʯߣԷõ񣬲ɵҲǵ˵ͷ˵˾䡰Ѧʦʯҵ
ʯһ㶣¶ϲ֮ɫԭԼˮˣȻѦвɵһϲ
Ѧʸϣһ֤ʯܵĿ϶֮ɱĻҪѸ죡
ʯһ֣ԼҵļλʦܣҶ󣬰Ȼ
Ҷ˵Ķʱ׳һȻʯ˵δԷ׳ƵоԼ֤ҶӦǿľõͬ塣
ƽתôһ㡭
Ҷǰ߳ףǰȺһ¶ĸĵĺڽġ
ĸݸ죬̬ͬȴĪĸоԭȺûע⣬ʱ¶ȴǾγһĺƣͬһɽҶǰ
ˡľٿȻһͣ
ĸţӷ𣡡
˺ͬʨһռ䶼·˲
Χʿǵһŷе̫סʤӢͬʱվ
ʤϾɫô£ôҲˣ
һתȴǿԱߵӢŭǲ˵ѾʮԪϻѹǣǲҲִ˼ôΪʲôǻᵽ
ӢεȿŮˣһʱȻ˵Щ˷ִ硣
ʱֵ֮ϣҶ˲ҵֹΪĴɮ
ΧȺȻҳһš
ĸȥۣоȴɽһƵĺУȻŵһڣµĴɮ
Щִ£ֵķɮȻеЯֶǴسԤ֮⡣
иݵǰһʲΪλ̴Խˡ
òУҲǵͷʾ⡣
ɮһλĸߴ˶ĺйһЦźǰƶɮգˡ
ԭշһЦݵĺУǵ׷ɱӡյķպУǲ˵һһָݵĺУĴɮĵɺС
λʦ£κ޾β飬ֱʵ
ɺ۾һʵƶɮ˷ּǰֻһ¡
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κ޾η̹Ȼ𣬡ɮʶ࣬βһۣ
˵ò֣չֱ¶˳
Ҷ˶Ǵһʱ˽ٳֳ͢ٵѾ͢ͷǸʵˣ֪ж˶ˣֺó͢ͷǸ
¾Ӳܸ͢ͷǸŸɣ˵Ϣ˵ӣŪñ˵ģκ޾ô̹һƾʲôôµɮԼһʹߣ֣չñħŵأ
֣չòȻһЦĴɮӰһȴΧ֣չõΧ
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֣չοЦλʦ㣡
Χʿǲԣ֪⼸ҪʲôʵĪĪĸĪ
Ĵɮվ÷λ㡢ˣһ˫ưס֣չú󱳣˸һ֣չ࣬ɺ֣չá
˶Ǻֹ̫סʤӢ˴ʱҲԶϣԶԶ˹
Ҫʲô
ɺ˫ĿգϢĿһ̷·ȫ˹ݸʱͻȻһ㡭
ڴʱɺͻȻ̧⣬ӡڶͷ͵ؿۣһƾⱬͬʱһһϺȣͣ
ֻһĴͬһ̫㣬գǰһܾﾡѼֻһƬơ
֮ˣֻؿ˼һƬ֣
Ķ֮ˣͷĿѣΪ֮һ
һһգ˲ɵ٣ƣۣǲܿƵԶ֣ɫȴԶ𶯣Ҳ¶ԼѧĻ
绨̩ʸ̩һƣͬ绨̩ӣʸ̩ĽɫȴǲöĿ
˵˵ڹǰǷԵĽϵǱҽķҹ
Դ޻ζߣҶڰ࣬׵͸Ρ
κ޾ŭ棬졭
ҶĿɿڴԴ޸ҿǡչħ䷨ôֱ̫ˣ


192 Ī
롾̫Ԫ񹦡Ʒħ񹦵ġչħ䷨ֽĴɮΪءײ¶ĵɺԭǾŷ𷨵ĸ֡
һ֮£ȺڹʱΣ׷ڻ¶ԭʼɫԡۺ̶ȣһĿȻ
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ԣ֣չħŴ볯͢ڲĸ֣֣չǷǸΪֵ֧ĳ͢ԱϢ֮ǸħżǣǸħŹᵽһͼı¡
ʱλɮ֣ͬǲ֣չǲħŹĵӣħˣصʮ겻ħҲزסħŵϢȺǰȻݱ¶Ҷһס
һ˵ȺۣǷǸҲΪҶһҷǸǸʱȺǰؽɨأԼҲܺߣҲȻΪ
ʱ˿̣ӢȷǸ˵飬ҲԲҶɶ١
չħ䷨һ֣ȺΪĵļˣǵɴ˫ۣűĴɮΧס֣չá
ʱ֣չüͷ壬ڡչħ䷨Ϊҵ£˺ѷεغסѨͨʮ֧ħ׶֮ɮУȻҵɫȻӴ󣬸ڳҵķǰȲȡҲάң
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Ȼûд󣬲ħ֣ȻǱԩģ
Сˣ֣࣬ţĨڷǸɱǡ
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ҶٿȻɫ䣬δȳԣĴɮеĵһȣסڣжδ꣬£
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ӢԺҳһţԺеģȺǰħǣ飬֣չòˣΪ˻˵Ǹ߲ı֮¡
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Ӣмһͷһѳŵĳϻ¶Ǹ֮һ˪Ҫν֣֣չøɱ
ڴʱԱһֻѹ˽֮ϣɵصӢν֮١
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ӢŭһƹֹԼ֮ˣָһƣһָԼ֮ϣԭ嫵Ϣʱƽͬ棬˲㲨
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Ӣ֮𺳲벻̫书Ȼ֮ߣԼԭΪ䲻£벻ȴѹƣһжˡ
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ӢƢݵԴ޵ĵ٩˪һҪɱԴޡ
Ҷ۾һУ˲ۣһۿǷǸҪǸҳ֣ԼȻҪԸ
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Ҽλֱֵڿ죬ǰĪһʶҶֳӢһ֣ǸȻλǸŮԭίҪɴʦһֺαżͷأѵʲô鲻º֪ô
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193 
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ߺȻҡ


195 Ӫ
Ҷһ仰Ȼ󲨡
˵Ҷ죬һδҲ̫ſˣȻõġ֡³ݣ㵱ǴյĽͷôڳһˣĺÿ͵ӣ˵ǲʤˣͨҲܲ˰
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ʲô֣ЩβǣֵĴֵۣܿúÿͣ

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ЩµĴүڲʤȭűͻԽԽаεкţֱսġ
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Եʱ̫׵ɫΪš
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196 սĻ
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ȭġаЦһŴʬģ
ڻ˿ڲ裬ŵұֵģ
ĺڹϵãֻŻᰮڵЦƺ⿴ЩЩͷߺس԰ڣһʱ˵̼ųٺ١
Դ۷Ź⣬ڲ
ǳһ˿Ц⣬Ϊ̼
Ҷ˲ɵЦһš
Ҷ۾ʱڣУôҶ֣ղĪ±һģô
ҶǺһЦֵȷǱˣǴ䡣ǰУƺʲôŲµصͷѹرУرꡭһƺľᣬңĺš
ڹһЦȲϣҲϣֻǶ豭ԹԵƷ裬һȻԵõģֻ̧ۿʤһȺ˵ʱһ˿
ȻһЦڵƺøƽ׽ˣӿɰˡ
ҶȻ֪ﱬĳͻ֪ŸҰĵıŷԽԽֵѹȶ˼ΪжҪǡ赼еΪָһԼĵ·ھͺпϿʵѹбҪô񲻿ΪҪô߻ħ书ϡ
˵Ҷڵ켣ʾãһֲͬôĵʦֱ߳˸ӰӵһȫԼĵ·
ʱ˿̣ȻҶ˵ж˼ǰľʤ˰Ϊ뼰һɽׯЩͬһο
ЩӵȨȴҪȨ̰ĵؾöġ
ҪЩӵͬȫ˺÷飡
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Դһ̯֣۾ҺɨȺֵ̾ܣȫǳģ˵ⳡ󲻴󣿡
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197 
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ӰľһۿɼбΧȺֻöϡˡһæܣ¶ʹ֮ɫ
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ʱĹжԼĴ󴸣ɵðȻһЦôУˣ˲ҪүүͿ³ˣ桭˵ԡκ޾βô˶ʹҲ
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绨ôһɤӺȥ湥Ĺһ飬пͷãΪη壬ѵǲô޿ܣжȻթҲϵ
ͷһתԭһʮɵĹڼ绨Դϵʱ򣬶ȻջĳɣŽһͷȻ绨ͷϡ
һɲȴǽĽ
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ĹеĴģ绨еԴҲǴһȴǽġ
һײͬײ˽һ㣬ɢĹһ飬ϻҪһȦĴͷٿȻ䱻˰գĹһУеĴ󴸲ûסֱӱɳȥ
һ֮绨ͬ˸һ㣬ûһ˿һ˲оһһһУ
ĹŵŵֱⲿȫһƬĿɿڴؿŷЦ绨Уһŵı顣
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ĹɫѣŶ¶м֮ɫ绨Уһ죬ԷɵϣȻԼһΪЩǻʵУùǴѧģ
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ʿǫ̈̄˶ǳĬؿһһ٣ýڴ˾һʤ
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Ҷвʮְܹʤ죬Ͼ˼ǳĹ龳֣Ѵﵽ֮ҶӱСӦҵԷһֶΣһ˵С
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ˮþγɵľ淴佣âһʱѱʵ֪һǴһϮȺͬʱȻصһ룬֪Լδ˶뵽̻ӲԷһ
ҶķӦ˵Ԥ֮⣬𣬱佣УҶԥһ佣ˮķ⡣

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ǧٵˮƳɵĻþʱ飬бԭʼĽɢ桭

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켲ɿ⣬ָҶһѶı飬ҶȵôῴҵġǧӰý
ҶһЦħۣһǰûκã
Իڣŭһ֪ҶϷŪԼٴγ
֪Ҷʶڳ˵ǿСĦڭ޹Ⱦĸ˵ǰǧ룬Ǳ۾Ҳ֪Էʵһ﹥кѣ


207 ֱ
ԴסǧӰýǽһ۽ʮ֣꣬ĽϽŪͬˮкһ㣬ǧӳյýͬʵһ㣬򵥵һɻûǧ⣬ƫƫأϢѱ٣ʤ˵ԷҫԼλֵܶĽǻýеĵһܳҡ
ΪĽڽд˺ôٹ֮ϵĸ֣Ҳֱ治Ϯ٣ʤǿ롣
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ЩʦֵǶԼʦ˵һǵһͷͦƢȴǼ̰꣬μǸͲʤ˿ʢѵõ¶ᣬ۾һҪͷ
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ҶĦڭ޹ȫʩչܶԷþԻȻԷֻǶԷĽƽѵһɵðЩ˼ϸ۲졣
Ҷ˼㲻ôֻǾͬʱ겻õġŋ翸ϵͳеѧ¼չ¼Էѧ
ҶרעڷأΧˮգʵʵǧͣ濴ȥҶǱͦػǹɨһ㣬뱻ĵز
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ҶֵܼҶߣʱڳƵģ֪Ѿ䲻ˡ
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ƽҡҡͷ̫ǰȵĻҶСӲֵôɣడ
Գֵ᲻ǹĥȴʤһ
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ͬʱҶɵðԭԷáˮԵڹתˮԵĽǧ澵һĻ󣬿ѤʵʼնһУʶ˵ĸ֣ȡʤڡáµĹ̫࣬˵Լ߹·ĽȡƵУȴ̳Լĸ
Ҷ˶ԷĽͬʱ͸˶Էеľʤ̫ˣ˵Ҳܵˣ֮ȡʤҲЩ˵ˣǰһԹ˭ʤ˭˵塢ģҲҪӮ죬ҪǷ˴Ӵ̧ͷ
Ҷһ͵ء貨΢ʩչըǰȴͻȻһҶһӰͻȻʮһ·ɢȥ쾪һؽ壬ıҶͻϮһջأȴ˼Ҹûǰ˳ɿ⡣
ŭһҪǰȴҶ͵һŭס֣
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208 ۺڹ
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TMDˣεĺڹǱˣ


209 ʤ̫
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Ҷܹ֮ٿسʽȫµõ񹦾ͨ赡Ƭϵġ򷨡
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첻ǹ龳ĸ֣֮šԱһϢһҲļҪǷӦ죬һǴĵ³
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ʱе죬ҶóнƨˣˣҪ˳ΧҶָɫĽڷ±ǧѤʵĽⱼϮ
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ͷɢҽⷭɣѪ˱̨һء


210 
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Ҷһãб佣һĶԷֱָۣὣŶԷֱ۶ϣԷҸѼȪѨϾ֮ɫһһ񣬻һ죬佣ڶԷֱϵһĻӡ
ҶҲٿȻһ㶣벻ԷֱϾȻл֮ıԼһûܲסԷһʱ𣬾ȻöԷݺ󳷡
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ΪӮˡħĳƺţƽʱұۺǰʱһӦ١
ʱ̱ţս̨һɳȭͷĴͷ͵ɫ⣬ᣬһ˲ͬˮװСźХ磬䣡
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Ҷһզ࣬һðԵĴ
ҶһʱӲӣԶضԿ̵Ǵ
̹ЦŭСʶүүĴǲҲɵľбʹһпۣ
еӴһɰˣһתȦǷԲռС̨ʱ趯ɣܲ͸磬⣬ҶҲǺѿҪ빥ҶͬǼѰ쵽顭
̲ǹ龳֣սḻԼƾƣȴ򣬲ƣһͣѹҶĻռ䡣
һʱ˽֮С

ʱݳڣڵһֵϣһƬڵľ
ջѾΪͨϰΪûʸԶ˽ֵϣŲҲ֪ʲô
һڴʲôΧϰնŲܴ
ôˣ
ʲô£
˭ˣ˭Ӯˣ˭ˣ

Ҳں֮ͽ৵дֱֽӵݳǽ⣬ֺеļһ֪Ϣ󳳴£ֳɺüרֵľƹݣȥ֮µϢҲʲĸ͸ӣЩ˴չʮӱµõϢɤӡͼӴ׵ͨһ飬˵øԼ׼һ㣬һȺֵϰվ
ȺߵģֱֳһֵƬ̱ѾΧˮйͨ
٣Ǵ绨ʤһ
ú
һҪСͷö˴У
ιѽTMDӣҲ֣ޡ

鴫Ҷս˵ĸ֣ߵȺѾУƫƫʱߵֽļλ⴫Ϣˡ
ߵȺɵҶ˵죬˶֪һ½֣һǳʮĽͣⳡɱ˶ˣƫƫûϢĴݣһʱ֯Ҫ壡
ϢΪʲô
Ϊα仯̫ˣ˲Ϣ䣬ҶĽƭӣϢը˹ˣϢ׬ӵǼλҲɵۣ´©һһ䣬۾ɵԲﻹ˼ֽ
漸Ϣļһﶼ㱻żϰո
֮߰£ݳһôţ
ţĸꤣִȣ̴ͨľ죬أʵΪʡ
ǰֻһͷţͷţ޴󣬹Ǳ߱ףɫƤͬʯһ⣬һţëͬīִƯ̴ȴǲӯصţûһδδĲ֮Ҫ֡
Ϊǣͷţ߻˩¿¿ףûһëɾƯ
ԯߵǸŨüۡĿ꣬һϮͨĲȴزסļ⣬Ϊʵ˫۹ϥӣ¶ֱһֽŤᵽһǿСۣȥͷ
һĳԯϣȴɵһλүԴϸŶңݣȴ¶°ϵӺǰɭɭëӺӵͷǺдƵӲɫ
Ҳλ׳ĺúƫƫȴųﻨ̫µ޳УǰɫĹŴĵɫۣɫĴɿ㣬һȦ
ʱԱߵ˱ظͦıֱλȴڳεţ˯
ҪҶֵܿһۣ֤ϳҶΪĶ˲ǱˣһҶͽһ򲻶߲ߵĸɶӹ
ĴţûôɽġСħţ࣬Ҳþ޴󣬳˴ħţˡ
ţŵȴλ
һλ÷ѩһλǼãһλȴɽһλա
⼸ôյһأ
ԭɽһеӶԭҵʦŴ鷳ͷһɽϣͷĲУ˵ʦŴҲзݣƾʲôзһɽأһ֮УͽͽģͷﲻǸζҲոͽܵ뷨ͽܻܱͦҶСӡСǲ
˼ͷ㶯ɽһ˼ƫ׽һˣȴϲĹ֪ôؾյķۣûүһգϵرشţྡ
հ˼һ˵ˣɽ϶գһİ鳣ôҲǰ׷ϣ˫ȻɢʯκˣΨһһ¹๦츳ĹǱġղ塿֮⣬ѧʲôǰ׸ԴӸʵĵľͷһѧᡣ
Ϊ½ŰʮصĴʹԴʹеˣҲϡСǮصһ仰˵⺻ʵɵˣԽԽӲʵĵˡ
׷ϣԴʹҲ֣ɽôҲסͷҲɽߥɽԸ£ǰ䡣
һ룬ǧиֵҲӦͬ˹
СӶ˽ɽ϶ҶǺ͵һתİҲһɽˡаǸɶӣͽܣһɽ㰤Ҳˣڣôһˮʱиֵġ
СʵϣλʦҪɽʮԸ⵱ʹӣԱţүɽջ᲻Լͷë¿һֱ֣˩ţߣһ·
·д˵䴬ӣѡĴ󴬣ţ˵ţ¿ǳϵĹֳһ·ͣһ£һ·˾Ȼڶݸ˳飬ʱɺѹһ˸ոմ޼ȻڴҶܽ
ͷһΣ֣Ʊ롢Ʒɺлư˻Ҷ˵һ˶ǻȸԾͬʱҲҶ˵г̵֣ƫɴʱյѦױдţɺѹĸ־ۻῪ⸮
м鿴ѦʦһŴֱӱϿ⸮ͷȴ֧ԮҶҲȥҶ˰æ
һͼҶߵˮ·ϣˮ·׷ֻ׷ģտ˵ͼб򱱣ȵӦ츮ٵ·̶һ룬ܸҶǵĴӡ
ԭɼͽܸţͷ˶˲ڣ˵ĺܼʱˣȥʱүֲʦ֣Ҳͷͬ⡣
ֻոһţ㱻÷ѩͬޡļö˳ſڣ˵ʲôҪһߡ
ͷͨôܶ˼ϱǧرȥأҲͬߣֱӦ츮ȥ
ţͦͷҲͦ˸ֳǰΣŮڳβڳͷͶλǧѰ
һ·СħţȽźãһǧȲϣûʮʱ㵽Ӧ츮ʱҶᣬ׼ݸ޵Ϣһеżţӱޣһ·㵽ݸ
ʱݳڵĴֶ˸ˮйͨ⳵أ˽ͷ㱻ȺΧסˣ׷ָָ㡣
ʲôţ¿קģĸӣôߴ
ţ¿Ƿϰպ棬⳵͸ϲˡ
СħţƨɣⰢͨԵһӣ˵һΧȺŵֱ㣬ûһᣬǻǰָֻš
ϰնףͷţֻޣշײҰȻЩ£뿴
ʵûˣĳ˵ʦ棬ǰֵ߽ˣȥ
Ŷ΢ص۾һһƾ⣬˵ȻˣҸطȰѳ£ٲйȥɡ
ųƳǶУܿӵµ·ΣѰļҿջΪһջƹ·һլĺԺȻʮӣҲʲô£Ҫǰ
һ׼׵һ˱㱼ҴҶۿѾִµġƷᡱ


211 ʱ
صǵǰߣ·ϰһåֶκ׶ĳ࣬ӲܼȺмһе
˦ŷڹ֮󣬶÷ŮһһվЩеƽ֪Ⱥ˲ǣͷͲǵݵˣΪάɵǼΪԼòƷУֻϵһ°ǵ׺Űԣϵӻɫˮ˿Уͷľڣ𶥡׷ͯգüͨޣ޷⣬ƳƮǰɷ磬ƮƮȻɽһ㡣
÷ѩͼö˴ԼΪ˱ⲻҪ鷳϶ɴ棬ˣǾҲпŮʿ¶ɫҪԱߵȥΪǣֻ¾к֮ͽǰˡ
һſʱǶҪʿ
ֻĴǰվ˲ܼҸֱ֣ӽſڶµģκ˶ý
ǰһˣҶֵ֮һվһָǰӵȺΪ˭ǳٷϻûеطҹ
ſȺ˺ȵǲܼҷպΪǰٿȴǽȥѵ⡮ƷᡯеڶˣǺŪǵĲɣ
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ǰ߻ûҲȥˡ
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ſڵĲܼҸ͵һд¡һ죬ȺʱŵίܼҵҲЩܹͨǵģȻˣֹɲϡ
һƲ죬Ťͷ֮䣬ȴȺһž޴¨ﲻͣǰǱ¨˵ı󼸺߳ӣܼȺȲȺǱöᣬǿ׳ⲻ·Ĵ󺺶ǰһڶԷԼ˲䣬˰ӣ˼Һش˹
һаЦвļһﰡ
Ϊܼв֣ȴشţһӻûطйڿһļһôȰҪǰʱԾӣȻվǰҪĸĻ쵰ҸԼŸɡ
Ⱥһ֣¶һҩũģˣһɫֲһ˫ЬŵĿϻմָͣ󣬲һԷû˵㿪ʼTMDҰ֣ﲻǷ꣬ҰˣϽҹԶ㣡
˺ǺһЦֵλ̨ˣ²ǲũġ
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ûŲ׼ڣ
˻ٽ䣬ѾƢǰһѽһ򡭡
ʧһЦҪǰȴһģͷ֮ʱһӵıδȴƤЦΪү٣ԭүֶʩˣ
˵껰ͦ˸ʮȴ񣬰Աߵһָָ㣬۷׷ףǸʮͷôôֳϵֶѵǱִ󣿿ֶҲ̫ˣøϷͷĳһ·Ļޣ̵ĴɿȵϼԺˣǴһԴë˱ӣ޽Ǵһ使޵С
˵ǸݳǵĹۼ⣬һϳġүҲǱˣǸԮֵĶɢʯ
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үң߻ۼҵأ
ŶɢʯһϲȥÿȺۺӵպԱߵ÷ѩͼվø󣬶ɢʯһʱûע⡣
ڹۿԱߵĲͿǰۣһȺݹԶ㣬Ⱝۣ
һӶʱŵĹūţҸҹүүа壬֪˭ǲʤǸϰĹͣ㻹ҲǽȥTMDòʤӭݣ
ôһʱѲùǺǸӭģȻ֪ʤĹжǰȫǸƤᱻƭס
һһȭ
ֵȭͷǳصģȭͷһʵ޴ܹһȭһͷţԴ򱬡
һһתղ塿һ׵أһȭ
ĶжԷ죬ۼһȭҪӡϣԱߵĶɢʯһ䣬һȭͷϵʱʧ
ԾϸƵʱ͵һ˲䴫ӣһ飬һ㵹ܼҵһ׸ղŻ͵زôͻȻ֮㽩Ӳӷڵء
үôˣ
ʱĲֻо˰ߣбĿӣڲԣӶҲܶʺ˰׳ղзϡ
ܼҵŵæңɢʯȴ΢΢һЦŹȺ
棬ʵүʲô򰡣
ɢʯЦԶԶеȴЦ˵С¶ƯҶġžŹ롿ѾǺ˰
ɢʯңȻŹ˳մԭүİһֿ湻ģûôֱһ˶Էǽһ˫
ʱɢʯҲ÷ѩͼãԴк֮ǰʵʦ棬ûνȥҪҪϼʦţ
һߣأǰ˲ҶСӵֺαſߡ
մͷһһǽ֮⣬ֺеĵƦå洫ݳµϢȻȥһԶԶؾͿһϵʿһƣһũһåεεĴ˹
ֺеļһ￴Ȥǰӣߵǽ£̧š顱һ£˹ȥ
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үǣһ̴Ĵָ˴ͷ˽ȥ
å۵Сۣ࿴һۣһܣһһߺһ޶ֱܾͨһλٰ
һ󣬶ϺȻһŵһͷüһ̧ۿȥҶħ̱ǣ·֮ʱ
˾ҶѾסһľһֱһѷһɳ̣ͬޣһ֣Ȼʩչһʽ˴һŻȻڵߣȻըˣԷĿڣòˡ


212 ʤ
ҶˡħʮĹ˶Էʽקħ־һ
ҶųѰĿ÷ҲʹˡħľУȻıƽըĿڣǱ
ձܹһĳдΪôĻŴѵԼŴǵɲɣⲻܣⲻܰ
һʱʧأȻǿܹҶĵһȴ˷ִ磬ѱĹת²ʽȫңʹҲֻܱ֤һʱжѡ
ı仯ȴȫȫس˳̵ѱסķߡ
ҶڿУзһ˦ȵ޳ܼҵʲô˲Ĵȴԭ͵ѧɵġʼշеĻ·ǰˣŪУʶһġʼշ
˵ٿȻñֱų̵ش
̺ȻӴֵϷӴ˲䣬ɫĹâһͷɫĺס˳ϣ̷ֵ߱Ȼպûܷ⵽ֱۣȻñ쳣Ѫ㱻ס

ǳ̣ڸ·ӢۺúǰһĻ
ոҶ֮ʱõǻϵ˱ϵôһѧӵֽȻ෴ôʵ̫ټˣ
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ոսյҲǱǰı仯𾪣һͬҲ˷ܵ߬ȭͷ
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տһۣǺЦҶʹõķȴǶԷĴڹȴõɡ񽣡𽣡ľ׽ͳɳ񽣸һķҶӽӦõ˷ϣȴǴΪסţǿΪ֮¶ҲǴ𺦣ҶڹķΪأԽеĺҪ뽫Ӧɣȴֻɵؼ򷨡ſҶԳȻڳˣͨˡ򷨡Ҫɹ
һɵûȻͬʱҲΪҶеˡ
ӵһλΪֵܡʦɷѣһ˼˷ܵ顣
Ҷʱոպɳ̣ûü׷ȥһΪϤĺͷһصŵرȻţвɵһϲһԵպ÷ѩãĿڶɢʯϣһ͵غ϶¥˶ˣ
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ʤҲǲ֪ӦԲǣַ֧λ̫жɳʸ֮ģܵӢǲַ֧Ҳԣ˵ԷԼȭ֣Ƿʮ֮һĽλҲǿ׵ģµֻòŲʣװͷڹꡣ
ǲʤ⼸ͷ伣һǧȭĸ֣ҲͬʱʧκεĹٶԹۣŷеһһ㡣
ʱϵҶոջ龳֣ı㼫Ϊأȡʤķǿģ¶ԷʽöԷʧأΪռϷ磬ʱԷ֣Ϊ˱֣ʹõ似ǧ仯ٲϾһ书ȻȥҲȻѹҶ͸¼ԷѧжҲʧܣֻֿŶԷĹ
ҶһʱΣԼһĸ¥򣬴κ޾αŭĴʤоǴɷΪǱκĳô
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Ǳ̨ϵĴͬʱȵҷ֮ĶԹݺҷˣ޹أҶСӣڮҵҪȡ
ҶһЦδ˵ֻһŭߵС۸˺
ս롰˫ͬʱһ̧ͷʱǰһƺƴ쫷ϮΣ˱Ѿ˷籩֮С
Ҷ֪ճ֣żġһֱԪĿȻһǺʩչеġ̫׽ʱγɵĻϵ𣬻ƣһ˲һ޴Ļм䣡
˺ȻԭܵȺͬȹϵϣҺ߳ȥ
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ʤпƵǻ쫷һγɵһ飬ʤɫ䣬ٿȻһȦǰνġΪԭʱģһЩ
̫׽ҲǷһţͬͭǽһΧס˻쫷磬ʤһЩʱСһȦɫҲɵúÿһЩ֮ǰĵǰ޴

պҶһһˬʵЦ쫷֮⣬ıײڶ
ս롰˫ƾڶ˵ѱ쫷ڵֺ
ǻ쫷񱩵ȼղϢʱ䣬Ȼһ죬쫷ٿȻ𣬷ŷûгֹһ㣬ǹɳҵ˶ʱҲʧӰ١
ķȺָָ㣬ָŰµӰ
Ƕһ̨ϣһ˶ʱһѪ浹ԹȥһǵϥڵأͣϢ


213 ƶ
Թȥǡ˫ƣǿѵǡսÿ붼˶ʮལԡѪڣҶһţԣŸΪۺǿѣûеʣȻһЦøɡǺǣߺˣ
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һߣȵȻȥԷǰ飬ɵԻֻ
ߺһЦ˫һգεڵء
ˡʮ̫еλˮ졢ħ̡ս˫ƣ󣬷涪ÿǹġ
Ⱥ۸˷ܣƷᡱ˴Ųϣȵ㲻ʣ漰߸ֲ񣬶ǣ󣬼ÿﶼ֪սᣬһģͻı㡭
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΢΢һʤָһУһɫԲСĵ㱻ס
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Ⱥ֮ɫԣǲʤûκβףֻЦӯӯؽҩ֮طźãһۣԸⶾ͹ȥ
淺ɫʵ常ǡ֪ʦӦ
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ʱҶڵ᷿ڣɢʯһΪɮ绨ʩ롣
绨ϰͬһպһ㣬ɢž˵΢΢źЩüĿò
ɢʯʩչžŹ롿ϸţë뻺绨ĴѨ֮Уֱ࣬ÿһĴ룬ִֵĸо͵죬绨ͷŶ绨ͨ建ػָ
ɢʯһ绨ͷٻѨ֮󣬺һ죬绨ð˷·ոȡϺһ㣬һˮΧ
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ɢʯ̾һ˵žŹ롿Ȼֻ绨ѪҺвȶһ΢ƽ⣬ʹĶԲڼأҲǰ취±ָ̫ãܵ𺦵ġ
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ĽɻŶɢʯ
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ΪʲôãǲǱʤӮ˽ҩô
лʸ̩Դ޺ͽˮҶ⻰ԭǾǾΪ׵һŵӷͻγɲҪĵˡȻȲϴеĵλڷȴӰǷڵ£ͳʮԺͨʵȴ϶١
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ֵĳʽǰѶԪ·һղС˵ͦţôһôأòǹϷŪҵİɣҵСĵ㣬һⷴ˴
Ԫ·ŵûҶǱ죬źһض˶ɶûһվֻǱͷЩ죬ûѪ
Ԫ·һλɹ׵ģλòȥиʮ꣬߸Լ£񣬰Բǽơͭɫɫͭ࣬¶ǰһƬëߣ˸첲ϣֱϵĺëҲï֣һİ׵ĵۣɫĴɿ㣬ɫʮְӣ촽ò׶񣬻ӣһԴë˴ӣ޽ϻһɫС
С컨ϵĻֻʣ²һĻ꣬ʣµȫڸղǡžߴһˣװĴԴһƣǶС컨ôôοضڶϡ
ñ䣬磬صĳʽûֱӮòʣսЦöӶˣ˹һҲǿʼʱҵļܹ
վԪ·ûüʻһЦЦԪ·һļƤ񣬸ǲ
Ԫ·а룺˵λϸԼ£Ȼо˵ԼóȻ֣书ףһлСΪ
Ԫ·ǷֹЦ˼֮һŭȣ߾ǻʲôģ
ɽԪ·
ԣˡ˶ӣ£治ǶҹүˣߣһǹģϽӣҹүϵֱӰſ£³ӣ
С˵̫񣬵ҲǵΧȺһƬк
Ԫ·ûףȴҲˣʵߺˣб¶֣ûµĲ࣡
˭ߺߣ˵㣡һظֱ⣬žȴӣһʮ족ͬʱغȵүҺųơض޵֣һСܳҶӣ֪ʿһУ°һ˰ɣ
һȫǴյʽǵȺһƬЦк
ү̾һ׵ء
̫TMDˣ
Ԫ·Ӷˣ˵TMDҲûôϷŪ˵ģҵˣ
Ԫ·͵һǶ䣬Ȼһ𣬺ãС֡ǽ


218 

һԷҪ֣һӻˮȴмָɻƤӿԣֲС
һ֣м˵СӲУ㶯ֻҵȥȥȥҴ˳òʤ³ү˼ҿһԺ䣬ף˵
Ԫ·ǵͨ죬Ҳ̲סһչģ̫
տһǶ䣬ŹԴһ±˹
һԷĳ˹ŵáѽһ㡣
Ԫ·ƣһ·Ƕ䣬ȴùֵĹļ֮ڱԪ·ץסᣬһ䣬Ƕ䡰һһɶɫһ˹Դϡ
Ԫ·ʱϲԭСǸ鳣ȫʲôѧղŵһжǴģһȥҿ㻹Խѣ
Ԫ·зݣϸһ
˻
ʱһ
ͬʱܵȺҲǡһը˹
һ֣ʵʵ˵˵Դϣû뵽һȥǵûаһļһֻԴڵϣͣͷƤﻹѽѽطʹ˻
һҵԴһʹֱл̸żһȴ֣㻹ְү˵ˣһʶ㻹治ǱŹү
飬顭
Ԫ·ǶңɫķҽҵֱðӣԪ·ǶһüһеĶһϸĸָ˶еˣҵλסһԴȴȫˣһѪû
Ԫ·ȶˣʲô̫TMDˣԼȫǶ䣬ɽƽҸȴֻҳһԴҵλֻǶڵϱԴۣͷȴԼ㣬ʲôԴĲɣԼǶשͷɱ簡
ȺĽкп˻
ʤҦʢڵ᷿ڣڸֶɵۣǸҶĸɶӣйǸå춼ǣȫǺȻܿסֵػˣ˶û£ʲôɾȻȹɣ
֪ǡղ塿Ž֮ǰĹѾǺ켶ѧǿķЧʲôͶûУƫƫ֮֡Ӳų˰Ӧղ塿ϵõ˵ķʲô򼴱֣һʱҲܶʲô˺ֱ绨С
绨ֵĶƶܿʮƣԪ·ڵĸ֣³ֻǸµĻɫȵϡʥ࣬ȥҲֻ˹һԴȴص˺
Ԫ·εѣаǿˣСϵǾԼԷķƲˣﻹбȡʤ˼û֣Ĳмְ
Ԫ·һˣתܣһԴֱߺߣʱԪ·ôһѳסԪ·ϵǶ䣬͵һק̵ģܣҰ㡭
Ԫ·Ҹֱһ˦֣Ƕ䣬ˡ
һ˶ԷǶ䣬ӵɵԲ׷Ҳ׷Ԫ·а̵ģ˶ӾҵԴ׷㣬ɴҰֵļһඡ
뵽˴Ƕһͷһӣ߬һͷһѹиˣ١̵ʹ˳ûﶯ
˸ƣϽŲм䣬١
ͨ죬ûﶯ
С̨Ϲĵ죬۵û죬ûǶһǰĻȣȫȺЦ졣
ľʹԪ·һľﲻǸϷأҲ̫˰ɡԼ˲³£ҶȺһûȴôһԼôܻȥ̫ˣڳϵһȣСʲô
Ԫ·뵽ˣվھɾ֮⣬۾ǳࡣ
ɵͷŴ鳣汾ҲһʵƤң֮⣬ëᣬ֮ȷˣг˵˰춼ûﶯֺЦǰϣûˣβˣǸֵأ
һϣиֵİأʲôĻ
ҳһţͨ죬ȴҲ治Ը⿴Źȥûˣֱһ㣬Ȼ̨֮ϣӴ涼һӣȺۿƤֱжüһСӿɲƤϵĻֵ湦ṦᣬǶǻС̶ܷ̾ͬɽƾͲˣҾݵ֣ҲܲסŪõһͰԼĴȸඡ
һ̨Ⱥ۰Ĵָסһվֱ壬Ũü۵ļģ˼ӡһ䣬¶ֱۣǲصһ
˫ֱۣ۳ϥƴͬȣÿһɼֽʺ϶һ㣬˱ըƻ
Сʲôˣɵ˲̫˰ɣ
Ԫ·˵¥Ҧʢķڣһʵȵͨգ
վȵɵӣ
죬Ƿ׷ۣû˵֡
᷿ڵҶ˶һ㶣Դ޸ֱʵСʲôʱյġӡأ
뿴ҶҶȴ΢΢һЦ͵ѦүӰģСǳ͢ѱȡѦүӷЩӳ͢ĵ伮ҵȺϣҸ߸
˲ŻȻ
ϯеκ޾¶˼֮ɫʵӣ񣿿ǵųơ롯ӡǸô
ҶЦˡʸ֮ʱ׷ȳԿ߱ɽ֮ҪǵѦү׷ɱޣҲӴ츳Сӡ
˷׷׵ͷ֪ѦΪͽΪݶЩԥȴʷҶ˸©ôһͽܡ
ʱһ³ڵ˶ǲط¿ӿı֣ϾҶʵϵĵӣ⼸ûʲô˵ĳɾ͡
ԺԿ죬֪ȡʤأ̩ѾйģĽɫ룬ʵ
ɢʯһ˷ܵ˵ãôҼʶʶ
һ㶣Դ޺ʵʲôôйϵ
Ȼйϵɢʯٸκָ֮ǻκ˫֣磬Ҳ˼θСӵֱװЩ
Ҷͬ׷ʵʲô
ɢʯһգ۾ЦҶӣˡͼϵôɾ׵ҪѰʲôô
Ҷһ㶣Ųŵؿڵ˵ɡ


219 
һȴﲻԪ·ǶֺûˣŲӺæ
һ³ǵȺעĿ
֮΢΢һЦʵֵܣ˵ɣô֣
Ƕ˵Ĳ˵ȰҰඣ
˵еǶֱ˹
Ҿ

Ƕһƣֳһˣһ֨
һ𣬶ѴϸƤɵһֱ˰ΣһִָǶһͷһֱӽǶ˸ۡ
ٰš黨
һš˶۵Ƕš黨
ٸඣ
˫ŰŰɣֱӳһ
ĳ
ƣֱӳ
ǲͣ໣Ը˫ֲͣԭǶļһʲƤһﲻͣرø״
ΧѾȻ˫۾Ŀɿڴؿųڣι
Ԫ·ϵĺˮδδڵʪһƬ֪ĻΪһˡ
һаˣҶСӸ׬ˣⳡ棬ɵֻ佱ᰤᡣ
ãͳˣ
һ֣šͳ黨ļһʲһҰͣЦŶԪ·˵ٺ٣СܣǵǲǸýˣ
Ԫ·һȹǰæΪ񹦾Ȼˣĳʰ·磬ǣ
Ԫ·ʧǣ̨֮ʱûվȣͨһ̨ϵˤ˸࣬ȺۺЦԪ·ӣ᷿һأֱ
źĵŻթԪ·ʱһˣֱûطܷŵˡ
ֻżƣ̨ϵתһȦŴԴһСһ˦Сһѽ߾˵ףλձӵʦǣеĸλүүǣ֪˭ݶϣ˳ơض޵֣һСҽй
ˣˣʮĴҶĸɶӡܸ˴ڣָ㣬ѧʮХɽ֣ضʮһ귽Ҹ϶һưΣӴ˷֪֮书֮档
λڣֵɽѧ꣬񲻹Ԫ죬ôƲͭƤҲǡﲻǴţûУղС̨ùǻˣƤûƣǶһᣬһ¾ͽˤ˸ʺ
򣬸ǣû죬ӹ쾳磬ʲôʮǶǸơˣˣһӡʤˣˣìһ׵㣻ĽˣˣҲ͸ү޽ѾӣƤ鷳λдֵûУֵźöҹүᣡ
ţƤһºǺôЦᶼЦˣŶֱۡ
վ̨ǻ޲Ҹطȥ
ҶֵЦ죬÷ѩͼù˲ŮЦǰϣԴ޻ȡЦ٣ֶгϢͷָӲ䳡ˣ
Ҷޡһ컬ĶƤҲǻù
ˮЦɵܿŸɶӳԿ𣿡Ѫ꣬Բµĸ֣湻Ǻʰ
Žлǧ갡
˹Ц
ͬһʱ䣬ʤѾûðˡ
鲻ǳģȴһٳʤɫˣֻ˲ϣȥһͣ˶ۿȺôϽȥǻˣ
᷿ܳаʲôȺۣʤ϶ںˣԼʹȴĻ
ͷһܵܲͲԱ͵Цȥžžͣ˶˵壬ǻϳ֣ȥ˺ų죡
۾ð𣬵ʱҪ񣬲÷ֻҧгݵط˶¥᷿ȥ̨ɵСӻ
̨ҫؽл䲻¥Ծì󺺣һ˱һסڣ޳ܼͽ࣬쿴Сү˺죡
˵걼Źһìֱʺ
ܿһìһЦˣ٣СӲŵôôʤ³أǲܼû˰
ͨ죬ƨչģܼСĽܰ塯үүǡĽܡеģҽвסүү֣µ֮үǰԩңì
ìһΣٶìƿֱ죬ŹϵļҪ˹
֮ǰף֪кĹ򣬲һ㽭ֵ·ƤʵľӲ޹ʵֶεһһĴåһĻɫȻ֡
вҲ֮µڳìǴɱȣרϵҪѨ˫ڣȫҪĹ
ڲУǰò䣬ĳåҲǺ쾳磬ôӮʵдڣǸԪ·İ׳ûҵѣרϵҪûлš
ôһ֣ˣֻס۾ֳš黨ǶǰϹƣƬ֮߰£ȻûдƤҲһ顢һģ۵ֱлҪغֵǸϰĶסˣ
һЦһ̤ɾ룬֡һƣһֱֻӳŲ˹ȥ
֡
᷿ڳԱ㡢Թ۵ĲʤҦʢ˵ʱվ벻ﾹȻѦġ֡һɵĵʹ˳ѦɵĽ黹ǲǳԼľˡ
һʹֵľǲҴ⣬гìһˮڣͬì֮ϣһзľ֮ϣϮֵʱ
Լһб˶ֵĹƣ󶨣ֻܵΪƣܷӳ֡ʱƣܿܡ
ıǰվ꣬аСܲҲǹһķ˰ɣɱǳåɱ㣡
뵽˴ɷɷسź˹
Լġ֡˻ƣһҲæ֪žǷΧ̫㣬ԼҪǲܲ죬ͷӲ񹦵Է˹˫ʽһ䣬ˡơӦУ˫֮һŻһ֣龰쳣


220 ޵
˫һڣͬһ㣬ռж˫һʣìӰΪޣ¶ԭìˣ˫һϣ¡
֣ʱ󾪣͵һקû뵽ìԷ¾˿һ亹ðʱʪ͸ġ
ޡѾǵڰˮƽͻָտɴɽ̶֮бչѾޱȣ˫֮ǿšļѾ˫۸ǱħԳں˸ƽǿҲ󼰣ļӳ֣Ҳϴ
˫۲ס˲ĳìһлɳˣѽһԾͷ黨ŲԴϣ
ٴһ᳤ìûжۼһˣҲûпǶԷܲԼĻľֱ֮һùͷϵĴ˵קųìĺˡ
˭ϵСӵһӱԴһǸУʵĿǶԷĽ档
ͷĵʱ˵廤ǿĵطͷǰٵط֮˶û¡ϣ󲿷ϰ֮˶ΪԼĲܹ㿪˶·ĹԲرҽϵѨȽ٣ӿͲ㣬Ȼߡ
ĵ¼סһ㣬һ֣ƱԴʵĿǲĽӡ
黨һգƲ䣬ŲĽ棡
һʱûзȷֶԷĿ֮󣬰ѽһҪһţ䲻߬ųìϴһɲɿܵĴʶһ߬ìɵԭҪĽŵʱ̤ʵ˵桭
һЦٰʮص黨ƫУ˲Ĵָͷϣ
ҿ
һֽУìҲҪˣȣԭֱġϿͨ죬Ť˦һӣǸĵ۰
ٰʮ黨ǵö󾢣㻤һ£ָͷϳƤǹͷ㴩ҲҰ
һЧƲˣתӣ黨һͱջŲƨɾˣ
һ˵ϻиãŽѾӣȡŵŵšǰ£ÿ
ôһܣţˣ黨׷ţͱŲһȾ͹ȥˡ˵Ҷඣıģ
æңˣȱٶֻ̫أŽż⣬ȣֻʧѼƵأɱ
ںߣѼƵؾ׷黨Źɹɶ䣬žʯɢŷɡ
һ׷һܣһܻһСܣүү룬Ҳһȣ
ⳡ漫ȻȺЦȫˡ
ԱߵĲܵ裬ʵڲܲˣгìһڣٿȻ˹ȥ˹Ͳм䡣
¹ԿҲԾأ˹ǰ
һìŭˣȺǰĿ֮£̨һһı䣬ɺԺ޳ܵȵزȻԶһʲôú
ѽޣðԴػһΪղܵмأԭ̵ĲһȺ쾳ĸָǺ쾳ӹֱ䣬һһʲôƽǿϲܼҲǹƽޣޣᣬǼҴ˳òʤȺ۵棬ֻҪ˶۸٣үһһһĸɣ𣿲ʤ𣿲ʤҪģҹأ˵˵Ը죬컹һһĲ㹫ƽǲܼûиճСӣûв·СޣҲ³չҲսսȻ춼Ҫһһ۸СһһǲҲܹƽ
Ⱥ壬̧ʤ죬벻ΪʲôȫûеϹ壬ͽпֵĲ´
ʤһȺ֣ȫͷԣԸ
Ц̨ǸåһˣƤӵĸ֣Լû˱ˣŪþͻǵԼһɧ
Ǹһ󻨲Ĵ󺺣Ҳ̫ˣﶼеָ֣УȫЪˣۿŹҫƫƫûһһˡ
᷿еĲʤһöˣ͸оؿŻôʺϲȥ²аҲܼôô۵⣬ǻʲôȥ򰡣סųҪ
ʤʲôݣܸһåֽûֻܼϣڳڵֶͬʱаҶҶСӼֱ̫TMDĲǶˣô˵ɶӣĆ£ȽͷøøǱϷ򷸻밡
֪Сʱʲôûɹɹƭ͵ռȫ
Сʱվ֣ӶǣԶĻǶԶԶģǡ˵ڶû˸ϵһ󣬽¥ԺӶǮοͣǶһأ¥Ǹϵرӵĵط꣬һ¥ǡض޵֣һСĳƺ
һﲻһԣĬ˶Էһľ棬ͦì
˫ʹơÿһƵĳشһ֣ǰʮ¡
ڻǴɫġϵֻƴ˫ۻڶ𣬴ȥյͨ죬ϵ֮⣬ּˡϵܹȻͨǹϵһ
ʩչˮƯǧṦƷžͬʱʩչʱĺɫӰյͨ죬ƴ֮£ǻ꣬䲻ͣ죬ҳն
һιû֣Ҳݲǰֻû֣ƤȴûţȵղܵĿˣҼֵܿһһĸ㲻ţб·ǵֵʲôֵͣܵ˼ʱ㣬ҸɵľͲˡ㿴߿ˣұˡǰͷͷߣǱߡ
һզѲˡƢͱ꣬ʱײ͸ƲסˡԽϹУԽƫƫͱѹסˣһʱʩչֻԴӡˡֱ죬ڸۻһʱ顱һƣҼϡ
ǺжȻûлƻʱһһȣûվã顭
һУһʮƣʱ͹˵ϣϻҵ䣬ҲճĹյīڡ
أ˦һƣһڲԴϡ
ʱ𣬲Դˡһ²֪Ȼء
ҲǺû֣һȥܽĳ࣡
ȺۺȻкã쳹ء
֣⹦ʵ̫ˣ
ƷûûȻܹۺһبδŵ񹦾
ܼҵĵ̨ȳ˽ŵĲͻԵصĲ̧ȥ
Ųѣ˫ֱȭܴ˸һתͻȻ˸⣬ʤӸֶǶ첻УҸİʮ㣬Ҫ㣬һ˵ܰ˸˭ɺޣǲϹϹ̨ɵҲδбʤİգɺ޵ģӦǶүǸˣԣɴ࣬ˣ


221 սħ
һתӾͳˡ
֪ڳվסãĸ֣ǸƵģʱǳųԷĹ򣬸֣ȺҲֵÿŸˣֻҪǲʤҲ³һʶ
ֻͷβֻͶȡɵʤԪ·Ͳˣĸûһ³ģﲻ绨е࣬ˮðȡСӼ³øɵʰ³ҲҪһٽ
뵽˴˴͵͵˵ֵܿţҸ㺰³䡭
һ㶣֣Ƕô
ɵ˰ֵܣǶ֣ϽȥҸɵʦ˵ҪǵĴ˺ʱøɵʰ
֪һӶǻˮ˵Ȿ£ǵ˵ͷֱӻҶڵ᷿
ʱվȵıԵ˵ͷ˼ѴСӿʼɡ
󶨣֪ɵţǲʤСӳ֣˲һ׳ȦһֿڴȵսɵûУе³Ǹ߽ţ˵̫ثľͲˣүǺĲ𡣲ʤСӳ³үһȣҦʢ̫ףǸʲô׿ƽԳЩ׵ģ̵ĸҹѶվãйүᣡӢŶˣǸǣ۲ᣬǸүӵġ
ȺЦöЩòʤһҧгݣӢȷǸ˸ɫͨ졣ӢٺݣҲԸȥå֣̫ۣϧͲ˶ûȡʤ׵ķҸô㣬ǲںĸȥ˻ܣ档
ú³䲻̨µĹת˹ͻȻˣǸħǸСͷСʹУүҹԴ϶˿ӣװʲôͷڹꣿ㡮ʥҹү㣬үȭͷûУˣˣȭ˸ӣɸˣ
С
ħʲôˣǴĶͽˣƽǶ£Ψ²ҵļһôܵһĺ绨еһȭԼѾǾ𣬴ʱֱ˵ڵؾð˳һƴͦҪ³
ʤûԸ³ιų죬෢ŭҪ֣ǲɵһϲ˵Ҫ֮иҪˡ
ʤҲǸˣֻǱϵĹҪλæס䣬˵ϣĪҪСһʶɸȥǣ³δ̫ˣ
һ˦֣˲ʤĴ֣˰㣬ղܵڰ˱˸飬޶ԣϷһȴܲǲԸ֣ţϷȴǹһںͷȲ̬ʼ壬ϷժǺԴΪԼҳ
治ʤӣ仰㽫ڳ˸⣬ʤնЦڨڨѣȴǴޣֱ಻ˡ
ࡰݡһӰ᷿ܳһֱ̨ϡ
۾һֱǶ¥᷿˵ֻҪ˳ӦսԼÿˣŤܾû÷ӦЩĸָȡС
ʱɫӰһŲأһŻһֱԼ˶֪ŵһԴŤܣ

໯ΪһӰԼٶȣԽɾ룬̼׷һǶƣŹıľͺ
ʲôأѹͲһֱǱɱȡ˹С
Σʱ̣һߴͷϴһɫƥ£ն
һǵ̶ȳԼ󣬾벻Զ㱻ǹ߱Ƶû죬ʱӲӣһܿ˫ߣ򡭡
ϧɫâһԼžʱʯһ㣬ʧϢ
ྪأǰƮһ°׵£ɫۡüĿСʿ
ྪ´ۣʵף㲻ǸոճֵǸҶôôеʿˣ
ҶһЦƶɽĵʿƽʱװΪ˷㣬ʱȻɵӦսȻҪɵĵˡ
⼸·÷ѩɽϴģַƣҶϲ޾Ŀɸо÷ѩַƣϲػ˹
ҶñƯʱһűŷ֣һЦ·һ㡣
࿴ֱƤҶӢֶУٺһЦСӣʶǶĳåңҰƤͷ֮ޣ򡭡ߺߡ

ĸΣٰնɱ
ҶЦ˵ͦףɣбȹ˵öҼֵܣ
һЦСҿʲôܵסҵĺƣ
˵һͰСĶʱһűȺӻСĻӰҶۡ˫ɺɫӰǵһع
ҶȲһֱһֳֽһΣ콣Ӱ׼ȷش̳ӭӰƣ
һҶıֻһţѪơҶͷ䡣
ҶתתһΣֱӳ˼ͷӭƱǴ
һ벻СʿΧĹȻûͷ֪ԼһƵȥ
ԷıϵϮˣ಻һƣ򲻵ԼƾϮ壬ԷĽ̴ƣֻֽá
æһ֣һ٣ֳҶ˹Ҷһתʱ´ӭƹ
಻аµһתҶһ࣬˫ͬʱһӡ࣬һӡ£Ҷһӱۣⱼؿڱ˹ĳȣ˸Դ˫ҲûҶ
෭ˣҶһһδ΢΢Ц࣬ζȻ
жʱһ벻ǰСʿս̬Ȼ˰ȣ¸۾һ㣬Լġ
һݣߺߣٰȿСҲסҵľɴֱ࣬þСѪơ㣬㵽ܰȵʱ̡
뵽˴һһһһǣһٵأһΪһŻƣҶͬʱ˫죬žغɫӰΧҶ˹


222 
з죬ΧҶתӰһƬ·ҶʢһѪɫ
ѪɫӰưö£ҶȴǲŲæϽӰأһֻ⬣ÿһ׼ȷػӰǴһ˿Ц񣬿ϧμӿ칥ըȻͻƲҶһ
򵨱аԼǹҶǰֺԼڶҲǷӲ˿ôֻг䲻⣬СӳһȻ䲻ǰȡʤ
뵽˴ħĵʱƣ˫ӵĿյ֮ʣͻȻ̽뻳͵ͳ֮ǰ绨ȵһľͷ׶һٿȻҶӭı佣

һ죬Ľ
ҶбһԷ֮ʱòãֻս֮£ȻԷһ£ʱϱĳһСĻڣ⻹ҶмʱӴĽᱻĵ÷顣
ôһĹһЦٿȻʱҶǰ׶ӳҶؿ͵һֱҶűץ˹
ҶһһزƶϣסŹ׶ֵ֣ǰӲסƽͷһƣ

Ⱥ۾벻Ҷ󣬻Ǳӽǰһֻûкýˡ
ʤ˶˷ĪվزסЦ⸡ϡ
Ҧʢǳ᷿վλ͵һ֣кá
ȺУ˭ҪĶƣûκɵıذɣϵȶԷȾ綾һöҩѾõҶ֮󣬾Ǳɡ
ҶڡʥֵǸõĽɵʵʥĻ룿ֻ
ı仯ȴ˵ҶӭڵнܣΪҶˣȴû뵽˫ƽӴ˲䣬Ҷϰɫӫһðεػסƣ˫һӴһϻֱð棬Ҷϵİ׹ȴǽɣûбյһ˿㣡
ãǡ̫Ԫ񹦡̫ͻȻһţȻ
ʤͨһУϵĺˮˢһ±ð˳
Ӣʧǣ૲ѡ
ʱ򷽲һ뵽šչħ䷨ħ񹦵ġ̫Ԫ񹦡ˡ
ɵĵ񹦣ϡеġϵųơܿһаܶһзһж
ҶšϵסƣġѪơһɵؽԷľ綾⣬Ҷֺƾʹ˳̵ҲҶֺ߱ƹ˵Դðһë
һЧľ֮ҲģҪƻĹҶû뵽һʹƷǵûг̵ͬĽһ㣬кͬʱ̨֮ϡ
ѽãǡħ
֪ϻСڤ񹦡ĴڣһйΪħаϾ֮ɫٶЩŤͣȴǽвһ仰ƬʧһңŻδ̱Ұ͵һ٣ҪѳҶȴֻ˵ϴ˼ҶĴ⣬ץסϺӣ׷Ź˶Է
ȫȺУԴ˫ƽһ𣬱ΪҶɣ˫֮ѣȻΪҶŬͬʱΪҶ֧ôõʱ䲻жŴĴָ˭Ҳû뵽ʱڲռϷࡣ
༸ѣ֣ܵѾʧĳҡ
ǰ֣ҶҲǴΪľ죬ԴԼʹáڤ񹦡Ķһ񹦣ǻ̱־ܣòŷôĹȴ࣬ڹΪи֮ƾԼȫȡҲֻǿ˰ӣȴһֱһ̲ϳ
˼͵ֵ֪ԼڹأǡʥиֶΡ
֮бȶԼһ֮⣬ҪĴž̫ۡԪ񹦡ɷ
һб๦ٶȡ
ִһյʱ䣬ͷ󺹣ѾɥʧɣۼĴԼн¾ഹ֮࣬ͻͬھ֮һݣһɹܣ߱һţ˳Ҷ͵һƣ
ҶͻȻ֮һɾ֮ڣǺˮ֮ʱǺĸоһ޶һʱֹһʱͷۻĸоϮ
Ҷһ;ֱ۵Ѩľѣʹ̣ץ˫ֶʱһɣһԾȥǿվȣд󴸣һ³һѪǷЩ˵ĺ
ΪѵһӵﵽֵľѣٿȻףӳҶħơ
һϲԼ̨ԵűҪ̨סûϵըһһУˣү

һźӰϮϾŭ֮ɫ񣬡顱һ£˸Խѣǿ̿ӱŷɳȥԶڵ϶ֱ죬ӳ鴤£
ֵĲǱˣҶĸɶӹ
Сӱ׷ŴҶ֮󣬲ûԶȥ̨ϻƣ˵ҪǸ϶ƲԣǸܲü࣬żϻⲻͰﵽɵô
ԹʼնûŲطǸģ黨תơ
û뵽СӺҶ֮󣬾ȻǰԶһ᲻С춼ûӹҲˣҲûˣ⸱Ǹ˶ȥռռˣӸޣ֮ǰүҴߣ
뵽λүֵĳɱͷһ𣬶ԥģȥһȣ黨һңֱӾͰǵ˴ù
һȺ۶ǻȻ󾪣ҳһšҶ㵵֪ô˵źá
ɱ˻ȥϡͿһڣѹγһѵǿԴһ½һ˸۽һƲһи׶ģĶ߬һתȥ͸ָͷ˺ü
һǸ͹׾̵ͭӣļ׶ƴֶۣȴ˷ֿԽȫ䴩ĸо
֪Ǹ绨Ĵȶͱ˸ϲٺһЦ˵ϣùүûӽŹүɣ
˵Ѷһһ½᷿


223 Ӧ
һȥ·ͱһ㣬ҳһš
ʤһȭĽǶʱˣһ˦멣γһ¾ͳͰҶΧסˡ
ѾǱڶμòʤһȺ³ˣһ绨вȰ裬ˡ˫ĹǴĹԼǰԾ绨ɱҲûм˫𲢡
һβͬں޻֮ʱ򣬱һԴȫһʱȺ˵ļɱر
ҶһαΧס˿δۿȺǰ˻ȴ֪ȺǸզȴǰ֡
ЦղҶĹǿģǽû۾ţһܴﵽ뵽λãĶݽϵĹܹģȺ˸սġ
֮ǰΧ绨ʱɱ˵Ľ׿ƽԳˣʱҶȴûһӵϱȡġ
ÿÿ
һȺԶֿ࣬ʤ̫׺Ӣ˲
Ҷһλɫƣһŭ۵״һؿϷһϷ֮飬ȴҲҶ
ʤףҶɱʥˣȻҲѲ˸ϵҶһ˳׿ˡʥȴǲʵδʥǰǶС𣬶ҶȴǴˡʥҲסҶ
ʤҶߺһЦʣҶСѣ㵱ͽףӦóе˰ɣֽ
ԣ
֣ǰʬΣ
ɱ֣ɱ֣
ҶһЦȻλŪ˰ɣɶӳɱˣǷҵּ⡣ڱ䣬⡣ϹΪ˴Ҽֲֳͼ£ϧʵãҶĳȡʤݶɱҲ֣¶֮𲻵òӴͣкβɣ
ǿʶӢŭһ˵书ףǶȳ䲻͵ϮʤܹȡʤĿ֮£˳£ٰƱ磬ίʵɶ񣡡
ŶҶüëһЦһô˵ŮΪ²Ӯ࣬˹ȡʤඣߺߣҶĳֱԣ֮£ץסѵģһˣ඾ҶĳҲǸƨŮ˿ҶĳǶһΣ
Ҷ˵ӭȥӢʱȻʶٿȻһˣոȻ˵ҶͶȡʤϵĹʵ̫η壬ĶʤֺסѲãǶĿ飬Ӣ޴Ҳ׳ԡ
ϧȺȻҶס࣬ȴѾûΪǴɽˡ
ʤԵҶĪǿ磬ѵΪҵȫϹӲɣƾ㻨ڸࣿ
ʤ˶ʱ壬ҺֱҶΥأΥ壬֣ϳͲ
ҶһЦȵΪһ֮Ա𣿡˫һָܣȵеֵܣܴ֣ܴ壬ҹͬ඾ֵܣ˹ʦɱ޹ɱ޹ۣ˵ȶ˸òɱҶĳ˽ɱ֮кβɣôΥ˽壿ʲôʱ򣬽Ŵ˵ȶ˵ģ
ҶһŭڶʱȺӿͬ졣
ԣ˵öԣǲܴ֣ǲܼһȺܹģ
˵úãֶ˾͸ɱˣɱ̫ˣ
г𱨳ԩԩ˾ˣʲô˵ģ
б̨䣬𣡡

Ⱥۣ󲿷ֶǿ֡ż˵ĺ֮ͽֶɢߣǴŴɵͿۣ⿴ʤʢ˵̬ȣҶͬߵټϹίʵϲƬ̣͵©ɱ˾࣬˴һ֮࣬еֵĺЦǲ
֮ҶһʱȺӦ׷ͬҶо
ʤ˶ʱʸ֮ģȵʺͽǵһӿһ˸ʱɫ࣬ûðɡ
ʤдѣʱǼҧסţŭȻЩں֮ڣԼڽϵЩһ֮󣬱ȻһǧɣΪʿЦ
ҶͨͭġĽçڷǲӬһ㲻ҧӦ˵ãȻòЩ³æƾȺں֮ڵѸٽӲʤԼ
ʤ˼׼ڳ֣Ŀ֮£Ҳûжһ桢˵һĻȨˡ
̫׺ӢһպСʥ˻Ҷ鷳ԼûҪ桰ʥǿͷͷ˼Ҳ飬²ʹգ䡣
̨϶棬Ҫڱ̨϶
ʤɫ˵ҶֵܺԵȻõȺӦҲգȻˣʱ㵱ҶСʤ˳ĳڴϱ䣬֮˱붼ǳϵߣٲУΥ棬˶֣ҶСѣô
Ҷռ˴ˣȻᷴԣЦǺǵص˵ͷ
ʤһɢҶԼ᷿᷿ΧŹŴĴȻ˳ָǱж֮
СͺӶֵˣ׻ǿأ˭ٺ٣Сһ룬Ҿ֪Ҫʲôƨ³׾١λү壬Ǿ˵ɣ˭˳ۣҪѵģߴֶվһ׼Ŷӵᣡ
˺Ц֮ʱҶǴţƤȥһǻĶţҲΧŶඣǵ¶ˣ
ԴֳһԴĵѽ֣ⲻ֪ϵıôʤϹǸɵĶ֣˶ҲҶһָͷС๼Ҫһӣӵһպָôأնݳֱɱ˸ɴ࣡
Ҷ̾Ϣһնݳƨһǵˡʥˣպٲ˵鷳
뵽˵㣬ʱüͷ̾ѡ
ƫƫǸڽʥĵɣҶû˵ɵĪպɶϵһѻǵķӣ
˰̾Ǳ쵰ˡ
Ц˵ˮڡҶӲصģ˺绨绨ֵڴԹǽԸպҲǸ˵Ľźˣʹ˾˺󻼣˵ˡʥҲǲɱ飬Ƕ˼ˡ


224 Ҫ
ʦ˵üǡҶͷϣڹȻǸ⣬ҲǱȻҪͻʩУҶѣƾֶ绨Լ׵ҩ飬Ҳ顣
ܵ࣬ȴй޹
ʥ鲻ȷһߣڻǼԸǰľɡκ޾κǺһЦ˵պʥ鷳κĳţԸһ֮
Ŷ˶лκ֡ջ׵
һˣѲؿκ޾λ˻֣̬Ⱥˬ
ҶһһԼָʦ鷳ǹⲻȥκ޾ֳŵæȴǿο٣˵ͻȻؿѨ͵һһ޿ƥеǳ˶ȻǴһȦɫһȣʡ
ҶһεΧ˶һְ˽ŵ˹պκ޾θִҶһֻ֣һ̽һ㶡
κ޾εҶϵܺǿƾˣ
ӾǸһԵİһ㣬ҶӣϿ콫뵤ȻܹܣȴֻӰǱ
Ҷǵͨ죬Ȼ֮һһӼĽԼǵ͹СԼ˴಻֪ԭίȻϣܹԼƽϢĹ͡
Ҷҡҡͷһ᡾ޱ԰תˣ
һ֣ĪˡҶӣҲ˵棬ǴʱԵĵ˲ͬǵħս֮ʣԽƽŽһ£漸Խ󣬵ǵ鷳ڱ̨ϣȺսսԸս㼫ҪǵĶսԽǿ˱Խɻ䡣ʱ㲻ܷɢбҪǶṩһͻƹ顭
һ仰˵Ҷ򣬳Ĭ̧ۿȥ֪Ҷڤ񹦡ϸĽˮͷʾͬ⡣
ҶĬҲԾԼڤ񹦡ԼҹŹħŹΪܣԭ򵹷ŹжôΪڸҪԭ˶񹦵Ŀ־塣
ʱ˵أܹ࣬УӦѾļˣڤ񹦡ζʺϴ֮ͥ¡޹˼ɵʹãһ˹аͷֻɶ޷ڰ׵㡣
Ҷ˼绨͹תϢ
κ޾κյָ£оһսʱɺ˳ӮҪҪǲҪˣҪʵΪȥ֮󣬾ܹƽ뿪ݳǣȻ湥ʱԼһʵأֻԹӦԡ
ʱ򣬳Ȼ˴ֻһֺȵιҶһ˳𻰣ȽлҪǣ
ƣս
ʸ̩һۣ˵Ƚۣʮ˿ܻй˳ơ֣ɣʤͷλǺڵֵѣνġʮ˿ܻᡯҲǸɢ֯ӦǸǲʤһġ
Ǿǳšͭඡ
ˮһ߸粻棬̨ϵĸ𻰣еĺúСܶԸһ
ͷ
ˮڵĴˣҪˮˣԽԽ½·Ҳлˣһˮ·صֺúҲ˲ٵĽ
ҪİȣҪǿʵҪľڰҪԵÿƣȻҪ⿿ʵӲƴɱһѪ·ս̳
ˮӴһ֪Щ˶㾴һߣҲֵռˣȴܲӣɲƴҲҪӳס
ʸ̩ϾǹٳϵǸЩܲӴ;ؽӴʱ̨һˮӧȻԡ
ûϵˮ֮ԱߵĹǺٺһЦ˵ţôֶȥ
ˮһ㶣ʵ˰ɣӦ
ٺһЦٺ٣尡˵Ƚʶݵʱ򣬸һ§ݴӣҶܻЩ顣Ǹӣ书ʲôڶҽ٣㱻ܻᣬҪȹ־Դûˡͦã֪ҪǷҰȰȰҪȰˣٳʰ㿴ô
һⲻһˣһضС
̨֮ϵȽѾֺһͨջԼȻû˴ŭιϱдûУȽү𼱻ǵĴӼݸҪʸףû˴𻰣ӿҪ
Ƚ磬þòǵСô
һк᷿˳
󣬽ˮ
ˮһϮʿְɫ䳤ۣͷԺٿ㴦ʤȴˣݰ׵Ӣģһ᷿˵ľ̾
Ƚ۾ؿ˽ˮһۣŶڹϣһӣ̵ģǷǧӱܵӰ٣㹷յĻ
ȺۺôЦ
ҲһЦֵܶлȽ統շ֮ʱֵܲҲû취ֵܻòӼӱ
أȽϵ˴ҲСɣֵܸյ˵أʸ顭
Ƚʣ
֪ͭڵĶϣԿǷ飿
ô
Ƚ۹һЦˣӲûˣǶҰɣ
Ⱥ۵ʱҡ
ﲻ˶ǳģֻ֮ǰҶʤһʤ˶ѹ˳嶯֮飬ʱѣǵȺ鼤ܣ׷׽²ͣ
ٺһЦȽִֻΪ˴
ǣ
Ƿ˱ʮ˿ܻ
Լģ𣿡
УôСֵֻ΢ᣬ˵ϻµҸɵļֵܣȽҪҪҲǲԣֵܴɱɱĶѿֱֵܸ·ô
Ƚһɣʵʲô·
һЦɴҲϿͷһݸɵˣ˵ҸɵһˣͰѶ͸ˣ
ڶʱһƬЦ֮
ƨȽ۴ŭӱһѴ󵶣ֳһֹͷһӣһѴӵŭչģûûƤĶȽүܸһ㲻ҪٷϻȻүүû꣡
̾ϢȽĪҲΪã
øƨ˵һ㣡
һƲ죬ҪҲסðɣҲȰˣվǵɱɡ
ԱߵĽˮһ޷ˣ΢΢һЦ˵Ƚֲؽڴ˴
˵굱Ⱥ۵棬ӻͳһ״ͭһʾ⣬̰Ŀ⣬ŰѶǰһģžһľͷУڴ˴ֵҵ֮ΧƴｭϱȻһȷѪ꣬Ϊ˷ֻԸ˵أһޣǰһջʤ֮ˡλֵָܾõôģսһû˸ϳⶫˡ
һֱ
һ㶣˵尡ôⶫǲҪ˰
Ҫˡ
˵Ҳʡһˡ
㲻֪Ҫ˼ôôڻˡ
֪ɣծǵù֪ô꣬ԻôãҶ˵£Ȼǵһ
ˮεСȱµ׸˶ٰ¾Ȼǲסˡ
Ҫ𻰵ʱһ᷿дӿɶű˼ҵĶޣδЩ˰ɣ


225 
һҶ˶Цһֱһ۹սֵסˡ
ˮЦһλֿ˵ġ˼ҵĶ֪ȴǺأ
Ҧʢ˵᷿мŭȻеġͭġඣˣ˾ͽϹеġͭյҰ֮Ӧͻ˲ǣֻ˲ȴһ
Ⱥ۵ʱҳһţ׷׺ֹ
ˮһЦλ뵱Ȼ˰ɣ֪γƺ
°գϵ⡮ͭ潨֮һӦƷҰУ
ˮһǺͿ˰ɣ⡮ͭ¸֮ԭ֮ˣ죬ǱӦǧǰĶԹǰҸֹͬĵˣ˺ɱĶһȺ͵֮úԴˣҴ֮ͥҪ֪ܣ
㡭
᷿ڵʱܸܺȻкãͬ˷ڶ
ˮȻЦǶĲ³սȡʤȻڶȣαڴ˶ᣡ
ãϷվ̨սһĸĸӽ£
һ֮һɫӰٿȻ֮ǰһ߲ߣ쳣ʵ׳Ĵ󺺣˵ļչӵĴڣϻǸۣź֣ʣ׹ҫŭŶ¥᷿ϵĽˮ
һأƳ˲ԶȽһۣȻԼȥɣϷԺǵãĪҪ̰˵Ĳǣ
Ƚ۲ȻŭƨˮƤĽ㻹Ҹװ
ӵһ£ǰյͷ
ճֿȭ͵صȥȭнһȻ죬ȽٿȻҲ΢Σ¶֮ɫҰֻеϧֹڴˣ
ٷϻ
Ƚۻ󵶣׺׵ٴ
ջһ˫ȭͷѾͬһʩչŭһӭȥת˲սһ
һű¾㱸ֻǷͼۼͭġͭ͡յҪﶼǰݷŹ֮£֪Ҷµľ֣ҲòӲͷƤһˡ
ᡰͭġս죬ˮЦһת᷿
ʸ̩棬ЦһΣżˡ
̸Ц˿ΪĽӰ죬ˮո㴫ȴ˾ͽٶá
һɫ֪λΪˡͭ
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˾ͽǸ˴죬ҡźﻹѡˣ˾ͽǸѡ
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ԸһԾһսĺö֣Ųһʿڵ壡˽ʿС
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227 ҹս˷
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һ䣬ҪǰͶԶ͵һ˦ȥɾ룬Ȼҳ˷䣬ͬʱǺॡһСʣһ̤컨ϳȥ
ͬһʱ䣬䣡
ݶȻ顣
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229 ǿ
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ʱҶһտۼԷҪͷϣԭĿ˹ҶͻȻ˫ۣһǰδеĹâԳʳָ͵ǰһ㣬񽣡һâǰ
Ƶ˲䶴Ǳӿһ˺۵ҶһָУۣȻѣҳ飬Ĵ䣬žУǽڱնڴ˴ˣûˡ
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˿ǡѪɷһɱ֡ʥ
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ȻֹҲܳԣ̫ˣ
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ʵһٳԲ˵ģز
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Ҷһ㶣ʵħžڵǰԶԸͳһħŵƵôôͻȻֶԸǣ
κ޾εħ²Գ˼άҲǡڡ֮ͶƵУԸҲпΪڽԴڣʩչֶΡ
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ǻĽ飬죬һɻ̴ΧðŵƤ˲ס˵ϵȺʮĶ߶ʱÿ۾ͨ죬߹Ҳ궯üΪǿҡ
صĵٴȺһ˻سСԺ˹


230 ȡ
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ƬȺҩˮһɳһ˻𣬶ʱ̱˵ϣȺƬһմҩˮζҲʱ̱ƬɫȺУʱճһ飡

˿ʱΪ˷ܣ̩ʸ̩ת˷ĶƷɣ赲ǵĹƣϣȫ˴ľˮöͨϬ衱档
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绨в֮ܳ⣬˵Ȼʸ̩̩塢ڡĺ㡢аա÷ѩͼõˣһͬƣҩˮһƬˮһʱк¡

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׼ͷе˼ҵģκ޾ͬȡһɽʯ˳ȥԾʮɵľ룬ͬһҵϡ顣
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ֻǼ֮䣬ߴ󡱱ϡã˴ЦУկҲҴ벽ͷ󳵱ܡ
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Ȼ֪˵һȻǵֺܵһƬ֮̾
ôʩ̫֮׽ڵĺ֮㣬佣гԽﲻǬǱʣǰ;
˭˵ǣʩ֮ʮʱ㵥˺౱ġѪʮǡϲһ˺ۣµǡĺ¼ϵͷʱһеǿ֣ϧûϢ벻ʱȻﰡ
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ʩ֮ǶҶڽֵĲڡ֡ƢͶһһǰݳսҹӢŰݷã˼˼䣬ǵȺ鼤ܣ׷ԽҪҶ˺ÿ
ʱʩ֮ȴҶĴʱԱȴͻȻһƬЦ
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231 ɻն
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ʱѳ֣Ѵ˽һľ磬˵Уֻһ׹֣㻯һɫƥﻹõ̼ƥѵһǰ

һ죬һ⾪һǰȻӦݣνʣֱŽʣ˶ԷķһӦν
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ղʩ֮һҪȡһ飬ɱȴû뵽ؼʱ̣Ҷáݺס񹦳һֻؿһǳǳĻۣһ
ʩ֮㿴˳֮ʹõַ³˶Էݣ˸ղŵĺʡ
Ҷķʣȴʩ֮ЦҶģﶮ̫׽ڽİ׸ãβ³һϸߵͣӮңʸ˵ҵĽǺǻ
Ҷ֮к壿

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˵껰ڵʹ಻ѵһͻȻշ𣬾з¥᷿
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ʩ֮ԼǰΪһŭȣгٴλΪһС
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232 
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Ϣͬڹ̵͹һһ㣬˲ըҳһƬ
᷿֮ڣʤ˵ɫǼÿǷǸļˣӢɫ࣬Ȼһƽ̴ľ輸˸飬ŭĺ㣬ĺ㣬ԭɡ塯ֱĵӣǻˣĺǸϹֲöӭȢҷǸĵģԭɵˣרҷǸԣߣһڸǰ˵ûԭˡǻˣ
Ա߲ʤ̫ԳһȻ֪ǡࡱĺǿ롰ࡱᰲƳ͢˫һ
ʤæʵôĺǡ࡯ĺĶôôû˵϶Ǿô
ӡӢ˵ֻǸϹӣ϶ҷǸȡԪԸȨ۾֮áԸô⴫ĺϹŵѧ˹ӭȢǸˣΪǸŻû뵽ĺ㾹ȻɵĵӣǷǸԣĺ̫
ʤ˻Ȼ
ԭĺ㻹ǷǸڶŻ
νŻӭȢ˷ǸŵӵӵͳһνǸûеӣ˵ŵӣ˴רҵ˲ţǷǸĵֶΡ
벻ǸùȴһС쵽ԼԩҶͷϣʱҲ޲
̫״ʱųڣɻôĺǸϹôҵǿ
ӢЩˣ֪ʥκ˫ۡ벻ǷǸ󵱳ȻôϹ˫۵Ĳǣ
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һϪǣ
̫ٿȻЦãúáܹ͵һϪľˣϷǲа
Ӣʤ˵ϣ¶ŵЦݡ

̨֮ϣĺɫȻؿǰʩ֮Էķŭ;ﶼҷƢСһ˲԰ͺЦ
ԷЩ׵һӣȷ书ǿǱˣȴڻгĽݣȵЩʥǲ̵ĵطأ
СˣС˵İʩ֮һŭӣоӵİĺ㣬Ȼ磬ƮȻϡ
ĺ֮ʩܼ֮ΪԸԼԱԷѹƣ˷֮֡жҳһ֮ȣһɲǵʱĺΪʡ
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ӣȺ֮Ƕʱŭ졣
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һȺ˵룬ʩ֮侲бЩ֡ıҲǰ׵ȺͬļƷУ˿Ҫ
ʩ֮ĺ㣬ʵղõʲô
ɵġ̫𽣡
ãһµġ񽣡ɣ
ʱѳУʩ֮ĽѾﵽһ˽һ߾磬ֳֻŽֻ⣬ƾջΪһһĽӰػĺ㡣
ĺʱ̱ŵȻЦݣΪΣǰһɫõ廨ٿȻţĴӭ֮ϣƾĽȴʼհѲʻķΧϵߣʹĺµŵøӽ޾޴
ֿԽֽߣǿʽĺҶתļתơ֮Լʽʹԭġ̫𽣷øӹѲ⡣
ʩ֮һ޹ľ޴ϲɵ¶ɫһһ£Ƶĺȥ
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ĺ㽣һתǧɢֻ֦滯Ϊ׾һɨڶԷӰΧ
顱һһװ죬ͷѹֳơ
ʩ֮ɢǧ֮ڣĺһ֮ڣУ
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Ĺţĺǰһչ̤Լʩչļ佣̤ƮȻԭأ̬·һ㡣
ھ˷Ϊܿ˾ѡ
͡ĺ㣬̤ɶݵӢ˺ǰʱųĽһһΪס
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ĺһشЦݣȻʩֻһλᡭ
ʩ֮ͫ׶ʱһŭ֣ڱϽŭ仯һһĽΰǰӿסӾǿ֮
ġŭΡ
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ʩ֮ʩչľĺ㲻سһ
ˣǣ£ʩ֮۷״̬ͬХһ罣걩㱬ʩ֮Ľһصĺ㣬˷ϯȥ
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ĺǰտӡһ䷱ԼУɫĻʵʣӭԷĹơ
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̨֮ϣͽƿ֮ˣִԲɵĵϣѵʯмεóֱգȺۡ


233 
˶ûϵսȻе˼ңȺ³ġ֡ıֹȻȦɵ㣬û뵽ǣĺɵĵӣȻһʥأչֳ似Ȼѹ׵Ӣܡ
Ⱥ۶Ѿ˽кõʱ򣬶еĺʩ֮ٶ½ٿʩչ̫𽣷еľĸ֮רעһ㣬ɹʩ֮嫺ƿնһӲʩ֮һɡ
ʩ֮ãĺǰжԷгص֮
ʩ֮ǿʱɢͬʱ۵һһѪ߷Ƶ׵
ĺ㷭ˣż̤ƮƮȻٴظոյλ֮ϡ
Ⱥ۽кδʩ֮׵δأʤڵ᷿ںһɳһ
һӰ˫֣̤ͬһһСһд⣬˲㵽ĺͷ
ʱʩ֮ոأѪ̨ϣ֮ϵĸһ飬ܣȴ֦ͬеһ㴩һһϪǰ̸У
ʱбһۺɫһճһͬʢһ֦ƥֱĺ
ԷδһɵԴһζ˱Ƕĺ֮Ȼͷһɣ룬΢΢Щͷ
ãһΣ
һɡǵĹζͷ͡ǱһԴ඾һѶԸļ书֮һ
ĺ㵱Ȼ˵λһɡǵֶΣæһҧ⣬Գѹ˦ֽ뽣ŶԷȥͬʱŲѸٺˣԶ֮ľ룬ԻôϢ֮
ɫ壬˫ĿɱʢһһǰʮɫĽһѤʣɻ棬ۻ֮ʣһ佣ٿػɽâ㳯ŷɶݵĺ㼤ȥ
ֱʱڹս˲ʱ侪벻Ľ͡һɡȻ˲ݵس϶֣Ĺ龳Ϊ͵Ϯ졣
һ˿ûжܵĿռ䣬ʱ˵ãȻʧУĺֽȻȻӦٿرУŲ٣һȫȥǵһ

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ǼΪ˵ãһЮֱʺĺƲ䣬гһ֧ʺǰߴĵһٿȻһţסǵĽС
˫ĿâһƣҪΪϵĸ߶ѹĺķ˭֪ԷĽδ䣬ǰǶȻǴʮԼ߱ƵĽȻȫתɽûйƶԷķöԷķǿ֡
ǴһУ˺ǰֻ뿪ǰ
ǵĽԿֻһϢ֮䣬ʮǶĻ֮ϣʮл֮ʱǶɢΪ㣬׷ס
ܽкȵ𣬵ǵɫȴٿȻࡣ
Ϊֻôһ飬ԭƣмܵĺѾԶ֮⣬°ں˼ơ
͵ϮɣŭýܵסҡʮʽһӽָǽоȻסҵʮˡ
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һ͵Ϯһ֣Ȼ˷ֺ⻰ȥûطˡ
Сӱ
һŭɫһǣ飬컨һ㣬ӰٿȻʧһһ֮УƮͬӰ˲ĺǰңһϽȼ̻˻죬һӰѸݵسĺ㣡
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ĺǾͨսԵˣôʱԼֵܹǵĹҪΪǶŭʧȥֵ侲ԼпԽǿԼ˵ǵĽУһҵԼģʱʧȥ侲Ųܲ˵طԼţ϶Լ¡
Էɱ⣬˶óò˶ñ»ʱᣬл侲ģֻԼͿԵȪºڡ
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ս˵õһȵĺ㾹ȻҲặˣٿȥƫֲܲ

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Ӱٿ֡
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ھվ̨ϣĺ֮䡣


234 潻
һˣɵаݡ
ɱҶһеκˣȴɱǰڣʲôǣֻһɽׯһɽׯˣµһĽ
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ս֮ʱԥôһģƶϵʱڿơ
ϸˣȻսսѾûɱĺ㣬Ȼռţ˭óǸĺûнԷֱ˴ˣеļƻҲûгУ˵ǰܵóס
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ʤͨ죬ԴԼûһ˸˵οǸʮˣһߣŭȵҶʲôϷʲôսģҶСڣ³Ϸһ
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ʤλһʦ֡ʱ㱻Թɫͨ췺ϣ촽﷢ڣͷֱ࣬һҲһӻȴǵֶĲˡʤǵ׼ƿڴ벻ʱ½һͬʱ̫׵ϵĪҪŭ治³׽ڣǰͻһɽׯ϶ÿ֮ټǵļƻ٣
ʤһʱıǽð취
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ʤԼ뷨һ˵еȴûûзɵ㶵ģҲ˾ĽǸļһƯҲסĽö棬һĽ飬Ӷݵﶼָûмӵһġ
ڵûֵģһʱΪΡ
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ʤ̾һϵôһṦ̫׾Ͱˣ˸תԼ˳ͷȴǰߵȨаޣҲѡ
ӢΪ˷ܣȥ
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СС
ʤĬ䣬ڣʼĿ
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ʤ˻ص᷿
սǣȴԶΪɣֱӱá
ۼսֱ򹩷šһļ̳ȥһߣһ˵ĳгֵıУѡ⽣սѱĳ˵ˣ
ڵǰƷġ𽣡ˡһɽׯ֮ϣõĲǰͨľֽ
ܹսȺУ˵˷ȷвǱὣģԵĶֻһɽׯڣȴûôĵ̨ս
ЦһҪȡǱ⽣䲻һϺȴߣ㣬£
Ȼͷ̨֮Ѿվһλ󺺣ȴǡͷҦʢ


235 绨
ԽߵġͭġҦʢЩȣǼҶʵսǿԼһȴ۽ħŰͨٰ׵ɽǲвһƬˣҶ˺ް취
Ŀ֮£ǲŭ˴µһڰ׵ɣϾҶҲǰ׵еһԱ
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ڳֶԸڣߺߣĽǲ¡
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ش𣬶ǿǰѡ⽣ǰѺý
ҦʢԣҲԵ˵ǰѺý

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Ŷô˵Ҧʢ¶ı顣
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Ϊڵʵ̫ѿƲûУһ֮󣬼ֱ档
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236 ì
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ӢɫӲ벻Ҧʢ˴⣬ȻڽعӰʮӵ£û뵽СӾȻܽ׽ݳ˵ʮУߺߣʦĺöӣȻڸǷǸԣ
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ڿ˵СʱǸżԨԴǱڶĸ߼һĵӼֱǰ϶뵱ĸ׺ͲһǸһ״Ӷǲ޿ܡ
ѡǊţ֮ǰ²Ҷ˵д·磬ܵ˳ʹţΪһŵӣʱܸܽ޸һ޵ˣΪһιߡ
Ǹ󿴺õˣǰһĺȺŮһΪеȴǸһǵͷȡ
л浴СŬӶԷǸĺøУû뵽ӵԸر棬Խ飬ƫƫúȺΪǵŮˣӺСʱͶԷǸ̫ðǸƹĽȻûȣл浴ȴû˿İ취
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ֵϷֵģֻκ޾һ˶ѡʤ׹ϷҪ޼ȵױ֮õġԡʲô˵ĳûС
ϣìڡʤλеڶʮλԡκ޾λеʮһλʤκ޾ʮλϵϺη塣οΪκ޾οֶµġͭδԡֵıвߣƻȻΪ½
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ԭڴߵո֣Ǵˡ
˵ȡηʱκ޾εʦ֣ΪḡƶʣΪ粻˱ʦϳʦţѧгɣʦɱκ޾ν𣬱׷ɱݡ
ȣȱһɵĶߣͷͷββܲȾΪƣѣٽͿ޾ȡ
˽ʮأκ޾ɲܽɱȷκ޾εľСǡʮλĸ֣κ޾һ
佭ʮأ벻
Լһôһλǿְæ˶ϲѣοԷ˵˵ȭ߱ʦĶҲǺӰ졣
һ㣬̫׼Ϊ⣬ӢҲǵЦѣƵƵͷ
ʤЦȡη⼸ʮκ޾׷ɱ̫ˣԭͬ굴Ȼ޴棬ֻʣһʲôˣֻҪǶԸκ޾Σηֵġ
ӢЦҲҪҵõǰ
ʤǳЦʵϣηҵѣһؽ޹ʹʤҲýͣȥĪɡ

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ʮڲܼҵӵָ£ٴɨŵ̨ص֧ĵӿ˳ȥֳһƬңȺ۷׷ס
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ʰ̨˲ʱһиɸɾ֮ԭ̨ҲȻ޴档
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᷿ڵҶˣԲʤį̀̾ѡ
һ÷׮ͷģľͷӣ䵽档ìģ÷׮ɾˡ
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װʲô˲ģҿöˣӼĶżǹı£ƽкһ㣬ЬøֶӼǿ
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ȻƨҶȥ˹һ§ոՇNɪľͷȥֻҪһ˳Ÿ졣
Ҷһڽ۵ĳһʱ򣬱Ȼער־ʤڽ۽ż⣬ƽ⣬ìƽ֮⣬Ҫȥ䣬Ͳһܹõˡ
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Ǻκ޾εһ仰˴͡
ʲôĺԴ޵żǿҵĲ֮С
ƻԭʼԣȻмΪϡ٣˵ĪҰʮɽĳԭʼеõȭͷһ飬׳ֱ͢ôڵıңʦ֮һŷ˷Уһһֱڣڻʵ۷Ϊʱȡ͡
⡰ֵǣɵıԵǵ㣬˸ΪĿҲֲòʤҪڱϼˮء
ôصıôʮ˳ìľͷ׮⣿
ʻǶ۹Ϊڳ˾ʣҲôֱ˵һ֡
ʵҲⶫ̫ˣô˷ѵؾ͵׮õĶô̫˷ˣ
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ԴæȻ֪ǡƳɵģǾͺðˣעǡ
ȻȻСӿĪдⰡκ˵ΪЩìЧˣÿɶˡìСûЩì롮ɲȫһġ⺮ԽԽǿеǲһ롮еȫǡƳɣˮƽȫһһΪڲһ롮ìϣ˱ìվסǲȵȫɡƳɵì⣬Чãûôʱ͵ô˽棬ùǸš˰ʮĸìÿìϲ˶ٵġǿʲôλãֻвʤһ֪ڰڳ̨֧ìܲȣ֧ìܲȣԼŶ壬֪ôһȦף˲ʤ壬򵱳ҲǷɢעʤһìҲǳԲ˶ߣ
һ亹ۿì벻ȴգǰ˵ָһžըˡ
֮ʱҪʱŵµ壬̻ô򣿹ֲòʤվôοǰߣ¼мƵìġ
ʤ϶治Ǹôնⶼóֱ̫ˡ
κ޾κߺһЦϲʤİ˰ʮСԪʤìì绢
κ磬Ǹô죿Ҷʵ
κ޾κǺһЦͲˡʤսֲ⡮ʮì÷ΪʲôǶԸҵģôҲģղܵľҪսˣ
˶ʱһҶͽˮȻ룬µͷȻⳡΪġ
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ʱ˺ͣʤռ˸ȫⳡô򣬶Ҷ˳Կ
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ֻܾ䡣

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һìϵĲʤʱɫϲ

ƿٿȻӰһ䣬ȴһͲʮꡢŻӢΰ꣬˼ߵ̨֮ǰξٲԼ֮ˣŲʤһף壬ֶˡ
ǲʤĵӣì洫ΪòʤǣһӵΨһһʮì÷õˣд棬пҶʵ
ʤдϲȴǵȻʵۣ̫࣬ǷȥϢһأ
常ֶۡ
ǡʮԪϻᡯǷأ
ʤ֪Ƿ׷ɱˡбǽ̫ƽصˣʱἰǽšʮԪϻᡱͷӡ
벻常֮ͥἰ£ʱһ㵣æ¹ش󣬻δ
ʤһֵȻ¹ش󣬱㲻ڴ˵ˡȻϳһԣһһĽܳ߰ɡ
ʤ˵һ̨ԾĲļȻĶ࣬ٵ˵һ֣ȴǽìڳìõĻܡ
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Ҷ˷ڣüͷɵһɡ
ԴЦٺ٣Ϲοǳ˸УȻԼϳһС棬ʲôҼҴֶϷˣ˰ĲͲĸɣ
˰үŲЦ˵㿴ӣŷ˸Ƶģܼҡ棬֪ûʲôзסϲͦģո齫棡
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Դߣ첲ӣЦô˵ϲһԼӵ̨Ĵ󣡸缸ðɣȥϷˣһ˳Ϥһƣ
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Ҷƿԡ
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ҡͷ²˳͵ȥ͵ԷһˣʡµͷǺڡ
ԴҲǲµ룬ùСӵⲻȻСƽʱŵʱǰȥ
һתԴ޵ȥУΪԷһСӰѵõǸȸʹʹ
ʲôװɵ
ȥһԴСӸװʲôɵʲô
Դһ֣ǰʱһѼ׶ģĹֱУľͷȴǸԵĽ
ⶫǱģǹɱ࣬ͳĶ˵඼ģ绨ǴȣҲǾƷıⶫǰƤûʲôı
һԼļһʲ˲䵽˶ԷʱλͶأæԭү˵û⣬ȥáոˣһʱû
Դ޽Ǽ׶պãЦСмĶˣôүˣ
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ԴһƲ죬ҵעڳϣһƳ᷿
Ϊ̫Žϵ̩һʱûзˡ

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ȴɫֻа̾ììȻ飬ֻһ̨֧ìǲͬҽǳԼѾ׼û뵽ǲ࣬п٣ȻվվȣôӦս
ĲЦһҲ̨֮ǰҲܼҳĳض׬
Ȼһ·Ϣǲ٣ݳǶˣʤ̫Ϊ׵İ׵ȻһȺëͷСӸȺǰ棬ʵǶ֡档
һʱô˵ȭļһǲף̫ˣȻңҲܼô棬ˣȻҶ˵ͷϡ
ʱӦսһǸ͵ĳֵ󺺣ΰļзɣֻеıǰµأߵ·ԱֱֱӲṦȥҲ治Ҷ˿ƾʱѡôôͿ
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С䣬ԼֵܵŻ쵽ڵĵز
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վԭصļʽһ֣Ǻյľ磬ХΪǿ˲еһϮ洵ɵÿ񫡣
̩ǰ˼֪ǰìʵ֮һµϽ֣ͬ·ʱһ˵ļ֮
ڲʤڵĶ¥᷿ڣԭ΢˫۵̫ɨһ۳֮ͻȻֱһ˫۾ŵضųڵ̩ķӦԱߵĲʤ˴档
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Сʦ٣ˡ󡱵̫֮⣬еľǳ͢һƷʦŷ˷ĽҵĽطȵˣһλⱱҵıʦҮ
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ѧԺΪҶӵ룬ΪѧԺʳɵѧɢߵľءʱֳǻΪΪƸΪʣ޷Ĵϰþ书ѧԺȴһյƣƫ󣬵ֻҪѧ֮ģһԵѧԺѧֻҪ㹻һлӴ书
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ΪƲʤֵȻӲʣίʵ󣬼ԼһʾȻ¶һСɵð޷ǳŭСҲҫҲܼҵġԪʤì
˵һìë⴦ʱһһŽ⣬֮ʱʹɰ˸ìø
һٴǰ֮һììϵʱìԾɾ룬̩
̩Ųæдһâ䣬һͷͭâȻ׹䣬ȴδɢ˼Ӳδţʱ̩һ
ֻôһ֮ʱӭâͬԲ֣֮ͬӲ쳣̩ķɣâ
ȼľļٶȲη˵Ϯ̩ɽǰŵâ䣬̧ͷʱâϮȴǲͦì̡
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ԭ֪ʱ֮ǰԼľŵâȫƯΧԼӵתʱпԼ𹥻
̩ķΣ֮ʱסâĹͬȼܴ쳣һ±Ǳâ³ˡ
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ֲ̩֮࣬ĵҲǳһû뵽ԷķȻȻԼרġ궤ܲˣӲҪ
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ģԷһʱûʶļƯâʵӲѰʵҪҲ⣬á͡궤ͰԼì·ϸ緢˿˿ӣ˲ע⣬è壬Լһһ֣Ѿȡ˵
̩Żס˵һ֪ƶԷ飬ǳŶԷĹȫɱ
̩֮̾ɫոոϣѾЦһɰ˸ìӿжͷ䣬ǾŵâҲͬʱϮ
̩һʱ֮䣬Χǰ£ȫǵ˵Ľʽ
˫Ŀ֮ŭã͵һȣì֮ϣǰԲһȦӭУ͵ػϷĲ
һַɣƿգؼ䶸Ȼʢһɫİٺϻһ껨䣬мһâǵһìʱһɨɿգȲ̩ٵصһӲƴһǡ

һıĻ֮󡭡
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һĽͶʱϳǵڽ߳ƶĿľ˵ľλľҲǽϵĳ֣ս˾ͽľ׵Ҳ˾죬벻ʮ׵Ȼһ߻Сӵ֣˵Ĺ˾̾
̩Σʹĵȷǡ쵶ۺˡȼľġ쵶նõļ٣ˡȼľĿٻӻ֮͡ϵʱٶϺ
̩֮ǰֻǵоδǰʹո̫Σԭֻá쵶ƵУȴΪǰϰߣֱʹµġȼľ쵶һʱ־ٻƣڳˡ
һĲҲǵùΪ̩һԵܵââ˿Ÿìâɵͬʱ˿Ҳǣìʹ޷ɿƸìֻø̩Ӳƴһǡ
ѱײһ˲䣬һɰ˸ìϴ˫紥磬ìֻý󷭷ܣȥռֹȥһɰ˸ìϴؿػ֧Ųסʱì֮ϣһʱƲס㱻ìⶴŵװ壬æˣһһתƾ߲룬Żȥסӣؿڼ𼱷Ǳ֣Ȼ㱻ԷľܣҪٴ˵䣬;öԷڵҪԼȫ߱ƵȻһ㣬Էų⿪һ·߸ͽ뾭
˲ڲԣֻܷųԷĹֱͷ죬ķѱѰʮ౶ŽԷڵȫƳ⣬һ˲䣬һ˿һ֮ģԵĵ׻Եһ˿η塣
ʱ̩ܱ˲Ŀڸղŵʮìס̩룬ȻìڶƤˣֱۣҲһѪۣʱڶ̩Ӱ΢΢
̩̾ϢһԪʤì
˵ʱ̩飬Ѫʪ͸Ϊҡ
ϲռЩˣʵȴǳ˰Ȼڳҷ緶ֵƾˣĳƽ֪Ǻε
̩ǸʵˣáҲԸ˵ѣԷʣҲ˼ص쵶õĲǼˡȼľԼɵġ
һʱ۾һȫ̩仰ֱӾʲôǵ굶ҿľ˵ġ쵶ô
ôһԭֻ˿ĵ
ԭ̩Ⱥ۵ʱغĴ󺺵ų˲ֹһ
¥᷿ˮ̲סԷ̵ᣬ˴ĵغŵΪ˴׳ƣǸԼҸ̨£ͬʱʾ缴㵶ʦоˣҲĶ֣Ϊô
ͷͬ⡣
Ҷȴһʸ̩ʵôߣʲô֣
ҶͷŸո˵Ľˮֵôϰ˳ڷ̶ְƽﲻǼһµôף˵е㲻ͷأأ
˴ʱŷȺôλǽɫ
ˮЦղŴעʱȥæˡ
Ǻ֣
úҲͬһʱ䣬˶ǲ˿
ôȥѹϴ̩Ӧóʲô⡭

̩һѪˮ¸ȣȴû˷ĽĴѾʼðѪǸղŵӲƴУƲµì⴩͸Ьף˽ģ̩ӦѸ٣ʱ˳ûбìⶴ档
һ֮£дҪӦ磬ֻ¸ˡ
̩Լ̤ìȡ裬ԴУŶԷҲǼֲȥˡ
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Ⱦ˵ĳʱȫȺ۵ľ׷ָָ㣬֪̩ʲôУȻ˾˵ơ
ŵøóȻ֣ȫ䱸׼ӭһ
˿һеҶֵȴǼ̩δ죬һȥСɽˣʱɣһеð룿
ֻһмΪֻ̩ۣһ֮ԼҲû˻֮ˡ
ˡ
˸Բɵð̾һ
ʵϵЩɵˣҪȫһҲ㲻ذɣ
ͬһʱ䣬һģȻвʤеļˡ
ʤȫעҴԱߵ̫ȴٴδһô£ѵô˴أѵΪԿ̵ħ޾˲һʮɵ಻ĳɣڴʱ˿ֻ̣Ѿһ̫ˣ
̫׵Ȼ֪ҶʥصõһЩ˵ķõΪľˣѾ³ͨŽµϵľ¶һ㣬ǿЧܣͬʱҲǿ
һ˵ʽ񣬳֮⣬Ҫһ֮Էųٵµġһ⺮վݡ֮һ֮Ծ۽ȫ˲ɾ޴ƻ
ߣΪ书ԭû취һ㣬ꡰšǿߵһ㾡ȫ
ַ̫ײδȫա
ʱ˿̣̫׸ʦŹ˼ޣȫζλٵ
Լ飬ҲӵУ
̫˲ĿתԣһǧľǸġ˪


241 ޳
̩һڼѵ·һ̽õ͸壬ֻһԭɫҲɫĹâӳյ
ͷѾգǿѾγɣȺȻ׵еĲѾͷ󺹡
ұ˵쾳ԲĲˣǴʱ᷿ڵĲʤ̫׵ˣҲһ֮ɫһ̺֮ǿ󣬿¾ǡ֡ҲӲ档
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ʱǸɵҲӦ֪ζֵסԷһˡ
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Ҷֵǻ裬벻绹ôһֲսֶ֮Ρ
ʱ˰ס֣ѵԴ𣿡
һɤӺŲʤͳڵĲһ
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Ⱥеļһ𶯣ǵȺ鼤ܣȺڼֺܵڱ䳡һֱҶѹ̧ͷĵһǻŭ𣬵Ҳҵֻ˶Ϲզ
ʤʱ֮ǰߥ޲𣬰ŲƺµԼĵطû˵Ӱ
ʱȺһȣס֣


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һͻĴȣʱȫһ㶡
תȥȺһ֣ʱ¶Ӱ꼶ʮ䣬һüӥĿֳһ߳һɽɽˮʣһƤŹƤñӣףһʴ󵶣ҰŭĿԲɣһǰɽˮ䴳ú
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ʤһ˵ƺǳԼһģаһãæʵ״ϵܣǺ⣿
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׶ܳ壬òʤɫһ࣬δȴ𻰣Աߵκ˵ˡĳŷϣѵԣռҵϽ˵СоĳǲУֻ鴫ؼУǵϸš
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Ϊˮ˻ͷʱѾһ׶Ĺһ۵ı顣
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˲⿴ƽƽĶȻһ档
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һ׵ġ֡Ȼڵʥ֮ϣȴ˶һ¡
κ޾̾һŽǶǹݸ˹ⶫȻ𣬵Ҳһܵ¡˪Ĺ֤ⶫƷҵĵȼúŰɡ
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ģʱǵüʧЦ
ҶʱڵվЦ˵ˣϢ㹻ʤоѾŭȥġԪʤìкθ֮
κ޾δһӣסҶҶӿһսκ飬Ѿȵòͷˣ


243 ̫
κ޾Ѿ˽Բֹ
ұ֮½е˴ʱʤѾ׼κ޾β֣˽Ӧ԰գͬ龳գҲ޷֮⡣
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ϧκĳͭߡ
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λ֡Ķײǽ˻δġĽ롰ħۡƵ֮⣬עĿһս
һսעض쾪

еȺۣڷ׷۸ոյ¹ʣ̫װ᲻һ֮ʱһӰѾ¥ˡʮĸì÷󡱵ĸǰۻһҿֻǳ׵ӴĴͺͷ۵ʣϸ㲻ĴЩĻɫ򣬴Ұ֮࣬ȴҲߴ
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κ޾κͲʤɫ䣬ȻŷЦĵطȥſͻȻһƬңӰײöᣬ˲һ׵׳֮৵һ£ԣųһ
ĸ׳â䣬̫Ѩ߸߹𣬿ȥʿݣʵÿ˶ѾǵԪԲĸ֣ʱͻ졣
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λݵĹһϾڵ˶һͬʩӭң٣
һ𣬶ʱһƬ
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245 ֮ս
׵ķѣΪ
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׵˵ݣһ֮ɣͬʱ֮ǰֵ̹ıΪΪĴӢۣ۰׵ڵǲç֮ʿǾмӣֳ羴֮Ϊʵٺʲ
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κ޾һЦͷ޷⣬һȫ½ȴϣâԷڣ䡣
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ˣڽìͷ͵ʱ򣬲ʤǸԼʵתԭѸ;׵һìʱƽһһìѾǲʤκ޾Σֺһˡ
κ޾Ρסһһúã
Ȼη壬һͭһȦ˿ޱȵʽڲʤѸײڶ֮£Ȼ䲻ݷصסǾ׵һì

죬޻εһײٴε쭵ͬ쫷һɨȫҶֵϷصɫҫͬɫ͢һߣȴ˵ҡһ˯ӣȴǲ㱻Σֻǰ󣬾
ãžžžһȴңΪκ޾εķкãԭκ޾һлȻ׳ʿһȥĲζͬʱӲǿһ֮סֵһҲֵüΪݡ
Դ۾ʱɵԲȥκҪʶǰʮʵͽ𣿡
ңһЦǰʮδأǰʮȻ
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ҶȴƳһԱȻսĶϾɣаδд䶯񣬿Ҫһģľˣ


247 ³ɺ
ңʸѵ˶Ǵһκ޾ӵˡǰʮʵǶԼһİʵ̫ˡ
츫ϾԶʮһλνǰʮ壬ƽԣκ޾οʮһλһ˲䳬ˡϵİ
Ҫ֪ϵĸ֣Ҫǰһжѣκ޾κŰ񵥣ݽֱǺš
˶κ޾εĽеԸˣʱĳڣκ޾θ;ףȫһס˲ʤĪǿһìһͬʱ෴ķˣһ˸ƽ֣ìڡʤһǽκ޾εֺһȻκ޾εе𺳱ֳκ˶Ҫǿңԭڱصõ֮󣬱Ѿһߵûȡʤģ⣬˶ԷƥеӰ
κ޾ΰȻЦȵʤˣûѳսľҿʤìʤ
ìڡʤʱġԪʤìԴѪսɳľһһǰơʤĸ֣һѳսľģ಩Աǿ⡾ԪʤìȫǰǹӳƵ

ʤһԴڼҲϧ
Լ̳ìȻìչĸƣĵشԺġʮì÷󡿣һƴ֮ʱһɲľͷȴìĺ⾳㣣ʮɵɡȻвףһκ޾ľ֣㱻ץסì֮СС϶һơ
ìڡʤԭͨìһľƣ֮ʣκ޾οЦٴγ֣ͭǵذ
ìڡʤŭһǿֵżԻɽݳǵĿ񹥡
ʤȷϾǳһʦҲԼļ֡
䣬䣬ˣҵҵĵλҵ桭
һС
ʤ˿̴ΪڴӦǸ˻ˮ벻ûѹƵˣȴԼ˽ѵĵز
ʤһмܣһ˿ȥ
κ޾μ鷢һЦͭΪ춦Ӱˮкذ㹥һֻȴͻȻϢƽȥ
Ǽȹ£ּѸףһֻȴȣַֻȫͬˣƫƫһʹʹ˸еǳȻܡ
ʤһ춦Ӱʤì۷⣬ʹԪʤìʮɱеһʽǬκ޾εִȥ
κ޾κȻкãҪ֪ʤƴ֮ͭܲˣȴȫɱŵֹʱԳʤĸ֮Ϊʤһɣз֮һ¿κ޾ɱڣһ£ΨһΧκԵķ
κ޾γһջ֣֣Ϊȭֱʤȫһìȥ
顱һ죬ɢȥһֻһȴȫֵۣƽְϣǾԵȫ潻档
Ӱէٿ֡
κ޾˿ɾ룬⻤ͣĵƷɣ𵴴׵¡¡⺷񹦡Ļ쳣ˣˡ
ʤˣһʮಽԶʱͣ΢΢Ѫڡ¸ǺȻһԳκ޾αԭӼиĽֻɲݣԼЩר䣬֪κ޾Ҫһ
Ҫ֪ʤԸں湦İ׵֣ԭʶ񡱵ǰʮλ벻һսȴʮһλκ޾Ūĵ׷
ңңԡ
־Ĭ
ЩԲʤäŵĸǣʱҲѾϵĲȻ˶ǵ͹κ޾εʵӦƾеһȴΪʤҡһ浹ľ棬˿úò
κ޾δʱȴȻһЦ¡һͭڵϣҡְ֣̾ѧ˸ȴȻ˵ǹʹ֮䣬ȫಫһ˾ǻɽδɽ衣ǲִʱܹƫִҵȣκĳͶº磿
κ޾ιؼʱ̲֣ȴƤӣ˵ȴ˲ʤʹΪһҶԣʱܼ¶ʱõ˼
һתĵͷʱԶڵش̫׵ĴСģҪ˵˵ļƣ
ʤһһݣԼĿ֮Ǿʹ˷˿Ȼ£µ˵˷Ǹൽ׿ǸŮ˵Ŀ£ʤҲ£Ȩ֮£ʤȻһ
ʤЦκֲزˣ˸ָţĳ۸ߵͣ
ʤһгìâ䣬ݽɭɱС
κ޾ɫʤгìʤ֮ǰֻ࣬ɱȴǸӲ磬Ȼʤ֮̰֮顣
ʤ΢΢ǰǿκ޾ȥ
κ޾ǻƣЦһ𣬡ͭ͵ش⣬һ㳯ʤȥ
ȺĿɿڴڷǿһˡ
ʤлóǧìӰֶκ޾ͭð⣬Ȼ䡭
˫ײ˵ˣ𡢺˫ɫȫڣһʱ֪˭ʤ˭ֻǴϢ֮䣬˽ֱѽС
ˡ
һ˴ŻȥȺۺȻ̧ͷȴκ޾εġͭ
˶ǺȻ鼤ؿڡ
δʼһӰȫɢֻʣңң
κ޾ΰȻ˫ֱǰһѪ۸֣ʪ͸½󣬳ֵġͭϰգδ㡣
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ʤһͻؿס
ҶһȴǳĬȻųڡ
Уʤȴǰİ벽ӹһ˿ҰףȻֹ˴Ϳȥʤ۾κ޾Σһ˿⣬ãкã˸á벻κ־Ȼᶦãͽֽҽì۶ϡù򣡡
κ޾һһֻ֣ì½ߵһαۣС
Ⱥκ޾κʱ۶ϳìҲŪ
̫׵Ȼλ
κ޾εȻ֣˼ˣֵܿɾҪˡ
ʤк죬ȴµص˵˵κΪϷ䣬ȴǴش
κ޾üͷһ壬벻ʤΪһʦȴûȣԼѾì۶ϣȴǲġһûû˵ģ
һжʤɣʤ͵һȡ
κ޾Ȼ벻ʤ仰˵ģ˵һˣһã׼Ҫˣǵֵʱˡ
ʱһǳ䣬κ޾ͷҲ̧Ųͣ͵һԾ𣬵һУǡʱУǡͭ
κ޾οһ˳ȫʤ
ʤȴȻһһоʤĳԣܾȫìأ

ͭڡʤììϡ
ͬʱ
ìڡʤһѪ߷Ƶ׵
κ޾αò˶٣۶ڱѪ˿ɼ󷭷ɡ

ˮ죬غʱġȡηˮеڰһʯϣκ޾ͬ裬һ˲ʮȺ˿Ʋסεκ޾α󡭡
ɣ
Ҫ
Ҷ˾ûϵֵĶԾУȻһ˲Ҫһԡ
κ޾δһ֮˫Ŀѣת֮УֵжԷĹĹ磬תĴ˶Էػ
ÿһȺκ޾αϣκ޾ζһѪ˱޷Ĳżǰȥκ޾ιȻҲԷԤϣ׼ʹɱֵʱ򣬱κ޾ηһţȵҲɳȥɾ룬ѳ֡
ηʵһŭˮ棬ʧ
ʱͭأκ޾Ρ顱һڵ֮ϡ
˴ֲκ޾α͵ϮˣȴΪ


248 ڰʱ
ͻȻڳȺ۶ǻȻ䡣
͵Ϯ֮书֮ǿֱţͶ֮㱬ǿɱȻܹͻȻ֮˵κ޾Σݹ֮һ
̫Ӣ˶һۣͬʱ¶΢ЦȻη͵ϮûдﵽĽҲɱκ޾Σ֮ˣײô׺õ˵ģκ޾νʵʵ˼еΣ㲻Ҳʣ°ˣܳʱ֮ڶ޷˶֡ڻвٺеķǸ˵ڼһ
κ޾εͻȻˣҶ˲ҪǡңʸֹǣֵܼҪʤ̫׵˶
֪ڵλܸǸ󹫿ѣҶӲֵܼ
ʱڡңʸСԺ֮ڣ˸ɫ֮˵ĳơ
飡
һ죬ƻָɵ绨һ̲סһڲ輸֮ϣŭȺ˷ʺ˵˻µ
Ա߹һֹ֣ϣⲻҴô
ɱ˵Ŀⶢ˹ȥһӣ㵽յı
ʱˣɱһء
绨˷ۣȺǵ˼֮ǰڣ˼棬ɱŪˣʲô˵ģֱӿɣȫ˺ˣ
ҶĬġңʸѣʵүô˵Ƕ͵Ϯκ˭֣Ӧò֮ɣ
ңʸһзˣκ޾зˣβڱϣΣ˵˻ط䣬²ʤСšʮì÷ռκ޾εıˣû뵽ȻǱ˿ӡ
үһ̾͵Ϯ֮κ޵СȡηԭŻܹСӵĵ֮㣬û뵽ﻹһڴˡߣηƱزݣ
Ա߸ȫĶϾɴ˿࣬購ң𣬶Ͼ֣ǰһϥصʧ죬޹أκˣԸܷ
һʱⰡϾԼҪעڹע̫׵˵ˣڳֻ¸ּ飬ȴû뵽Ȼһ
һҪܹͨġϾɵ²Ϊְܾ𣬵Ҳûܷõġȡη
ңʸ֮ǰѾһѪͷʱᣬһۣŭߵԻʹڲʱη齻ˣȸ٣Ȼ󡭡ҪôԴңҪôԼԴң
츫Ͼһǵͨ죬ɭϵɱڶ
Ҷ˰զ࣬λˣֻηҲù
ңǸ˶ȻϸηйǾʦû֤ݵ£Ҳ޷ԷΪ˱ӣʱ׷֣չһ£ܹ֣չü·Ҳǹһ١
Ҷ˵ͷǡ
κȻأ֮ݣƲԶУ͵ơտǿԷġǵг̣ᰲʤǣ֤һ·İȫʤ
ڣݵġﵡʤվ
ʸһ·żλСֵˡǵãλҶϵܣţô

ʤҶһۣоһҶһһ㣬ɵðüһλĹֻֻκ޾θǿˡ
ʸѽŵǸһΪ˱ӣӦò鷳ˣҪСʹУҲҪСħŵֶΡˣ֣չǱߵôˣ
ʤ𻰵µɮ֮ǰ˴к˵֣չԸϣǰݡ
ʸЦϾӵӰǲСħӶ˵ֻǲ֪֣չû᲻һԶͶ֣͢չÿͶЧ͢Ǹħž͵ڱһۣ͢ѣҲлȡˡ
Ҷ˷һ벻ԺԺϾȻԳ֣Ȱϵʦ֣չø͢ϣ֡ʮɡĵԺڳˣҿȥ볯͢һģ˾ñѹֵͷһ֡족ĸо
ʮɣκһʵ£κһվҶһߣǸĺʵħšǸȥ
ϧʮֻǵϿϰæȴûһᶨվһδӻಽСĽ»ᱻǸã׵Ķʸ̾Ϣ˵ϧԭܹվͳһսߵ¥ȴΪ춨ȵֱˡ
ʸᵽ¥Ҷͽˮһۣͬʱ˽
춨δϢڻܽԷң
춨ȡƽδɽȫƣȴȬһ죬ǰ׵֮ʱ
Ҷ¥ȻѣĶϣ˼䣬̳иҵӦòѰɣ
ʸҡҡͷ춨ȵұۡɷףۺ͡񡯴޳κһ˽ڣϣҲס¥ϧϣٲԷڣ¥ķѣٲ⡣
Ҷϣ״æ׷ʾΡ
ʤʹ鱨ڵ¥һΪи¥һҶꡯıܵǸ֧֣ˡռ¥ʵһλ¥ޡռʵˡһ춨ȵĶϣڡȡĪ硢ʮֽһ˷ֲ£¥ĳ棬ʵȴСֻʣԭ¥ҵʵ
벻߳Ƶ¥ȻһϢ֮䵽أİϵϣģȴԾԮ
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Сֵܿ뽲
Ҷү֪ܲ¥ϣҵȵֵ֮¥ķѣүβ˷֣£¥ҲóΪ͢һأ
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벻ʸôױӦҶҲǸ֣ԭΪҪЩ࣬ʱʡˡ
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ãվ͵˰ɡʸãվ˵ǻ֣չݣһ磬Ҫ֮ءҶϵܻģϣҲüޡκǲõģͽˡ
лү
ʱһڰʱ֡
ɫڵʱ̣Զô


 嶼


001 ׷
ʲô֣չҪǸ嶼
ŭݵĲֹ䡢һӻĲʤ̫ҲЩܲסŭ䶢ӢҪĽͣϾ֣չǷǸˣжҲǷǸǶ˳ȳ֣չõġ
ֻϣǸҲǴֲ벻ϾͻһžȻ֣չ˴ı䡣
ʤ̫׳ҶˣĴۿνʹֱǰ̨¡ɵΪУĻֱǰ䣬𣬳ȫ˶֣ǵûȡԭԤĽԭԼһһĵ֣չþȻľٶֱö˲ŭɶ
ǷǸôµģ֣չòǵĻôѵǷǸˣȻ飬ǱѣǱѣ
ìڡʤ˻ߵŭţĿ֮κ޾ΣˣҲزʧȥĵλҲǸڶʮλġìڡˡܱ̳սߵĵλκ޾˸Եˡϵʮһλĸ֣ڻܹͣϣʤûоңǾʮĳ裬κ֣ɴ˿֪һİܱǶô⡣
ӢɫӲشŸоϣλ԰꣡
ʤ˵ȴ̫״˸ɫǿס˿ڡ
ǸϾΪ̵ĿɽϵŪ̫ǵ档
̫˵Ϊ֮ƣҵֻ׺Щˣʱָˡ֣չ֪̫࣬볯͢Ǳ㲻ڣ
˵һʤҲشһս

徰Լĳһ˦ϵѪͬʢһһ׷Ʈ䣬Ľδù¹ࡢˮ
ΪϲϵѪ龰ǵ˽죬Ŀȴǰ׼ȷ˵Ƕǰһˡ
ֽŽħŸ֣ʱڵϣǵǰһץסǵͷǹǣ·ʲôȥһ㣬˵岻ͣţ˫۷ףʱȥ
ʩ֮˲ǱˣõĹҲǡǴ󷨡
ϣ˫һ٣һħŸֵľ׵ʱ۶ϣʬȻί
չһ߬߬ȭͷǳǳ΢Ц
ζô徰ʵ
չֲǳԷôζƳ徰һۣ˵ϧǲϽҲ˵ĹǸԶǺһ˲ôֵĹתۼڵĸ֣ҿ׷ѰҲͻѡ̫ˣ̫ˡ
徰Ȼ֪ἰҶĴ̩ԴҲȤֻǶơħĹе档
Źͦ˼ģֹֻͬȴ̫Ѱˡ
ȤЦҿԽ㡣Ź򲢲ǷǵͬŹ̫⣬һϰͲܶϾšǴ󷨡ȴûƣֻҪ㲻ĸţ˵Ĺ
˰ɣҿɲô徰Ҳ֪ٳɵĹżȱݣҲûʲô֮ģħ֪֮ʲôƻе˶⼸˻һ˴ǮŴϢˣħŷҲѾ˰ɣôȥֻǵݶ¶ʱҾҪһˡ
ôѪɷ׷ɱ㵣ôЩϷʵ˵Ѫɷ׷ɱ¾ڽ㣬ٶһħţٶ຦µȥ
徰ʧЦǴ˵еġʭӶ˲ô
Цһ徰մϢЩǡֳһ£Ǻǣ·ǣ鷢
˵ص㡭
ңʸѳˣ͢үסˣֻҪ޷ԿǸĻǻʸҵ¾ߵͷˡүһ¼ĽƵ֮Ҫһ䣬κ޾Ӯ˲ʤȴһԵη͵ϮˡǲǺϷԣ
Ŷ֣չأ
Ĵˣ˲ץס´µص㡣
徰뱧ԹһûϲУŴ֣չôӦҶһ嶼ңų˵֣չѾӦ볯͢ϣύ֪һС
˵˵ʲô˵ֻ·ǸħŶưոݵġ
徰ɻ֮ɫһʵ֣չѵħ˲ɣǷǸҲħ͸˰ף
ǸҲ֪Ǹ˵£ʮа˾Ŷܳ桭ߣ˼ʵĻ쵰Ҷ󣬼ʹޣҲʮֵη壬ͬʱҲкε͡
Ǹ˽һһʹ顣ͷҴһ˳紬ɡ
ͷ˵һȥ嶼һˣ׵ʿȻܶҶǶ֣ħһסˣħŵĵطòȱ¯
˵꣬һŽǰħŸź߷ɡ
徰ʵڤôͣ
ͣߣǸͷϺͿΪħŴȾͻкùӳԣΣ㿴Сӣټɽಿ鲻ͣҪİȫϺͿСӼ졣

ʱ
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ꡣ
ǧŶ嶼
ɣؼһƬš
Ͼʱ֣ǧŶ˿յ峿ҲԵЩ
Сӥչȴʱ֣һۣǣԼİѩ嶼ļ֮С
ڶаʷʯֵɢĵ׺
ߵú
ϡϡСͷϣƵ졣
һɵСˮ֮ԭЩεӰµĽֵͻȻһֵߵα˵Ĳͬ
Ȼ峿ȻջС꣬ȺڳųԶԶĶ飬ǸСţҲǧ˵ĶгУǽģŵӡСƳȻҲвУװصĲЩϹ֮ࡣ
ƽľڱ߽˽ʳչָ̾۽ǴһƳȴչʮֲˬһ
ԭڳſڸǵıξԭسǹٱȻ߸ʿҫһͷģسǹٵλϣԭλһվһ࣬ŶԷѵ⡣
벻֮˾ȻƣȻ嶼ĳǷڲ֮ǰֱţ嶼ƾȻˣʱչðɡ
ԭ𣬵뵽ҪչϢˣ׼ʵʵǡ
û뵽ȥ£ƫƫЩȴ
ι㣬ǣǸվס
չոս˰׼ȥԱ߼һǣŵıѩ˫۷Χ


002 嶼
֮˶ϵ񣬶֮оչǣ彡ѩûһëһıԣֵֹЩʿ۾һ˫۷Ź⣬Χ
չɵȻǣǰУ߳ȥʮಽʱȺʿŸչΧм䣬ͷһʿȻŭǰסչ½TMDӽվסûô
˵ޣչϱ
ƿո𣬻ụ̂޵ĵʿصת˿ͨһ˵ϣһ˹ȥ
⻹չִˣȻĶ֣һץ
쵰Ҷ֣
һкȣΧĵʿǺһе䵶ק˳֡
չŲͣ߰ĵʿڵ漰˲䣬ͬʱס·𱻵Ѩһһչǣƥ˹ȥ
ȺؿһУǣ߹չ𣬸۷׷ףȴûһ˸ǰһ
չ߳ΧȦʱǰٴγһߣɽصչǰһַŵʣһŵ۾ͬԭϵĶһضչĺ
չ̾һ˵ùÿ
֮ǰڳξλѵ⻪ٵ֣ʱչķ֮һֻǲӲĻ˵ÿ֡ⱲӼУҸ׺ļλ֮⣬ӵеһ˫֡㲻֮ɱӢۣľбһ¡
չ˷ңɱܲҲ֪֪ǣٲÿĻͲһ·ĹǱһ
ľƤñµ˫ٿȻ絶һǺһ䵶ʣͬһʱ̣չһӭֱĶʣɱҵɰ˵ѪҺ̡
ɲ֮䣬չ֪ǰĵһңҲ֪Էˡ
һʦͬʱҲʦ֮һġǡɼմĵԸͳƣһֱֱֵȥ಻ĵȴ籱ѩɽһ˵಻ÿһз嶥ȴη岻ǰ
ϧǰλȻɼĵմȻδ뵶֮䲢ûһƬ©ͬʱҲɼġѩ񵶡ӡ
չֶȻΪȵĵΪϤʱ˿̣ԷһҲ֣ϴһҫףָһĵ֮ϡ
һ죬ʵʰ鿪ԶڴϾΧ۵պسǹٱ
Ƕĵһŵٸ׼ٳһнͻȻɫһ䣬һƲȵһһΣһ˺е䵶ҲǱȱȻסطչеǰ·ߣԷûֹսΪ͡
չֻǵ˶ԷϮĵԷʵ嶼ûƱƵöԷ˲ѣһɲǵ龰Χ˿ĿɿڴΪ˹һ㡣
ֻ֮ǰѵŹеʶ̲סһĭֹһù򣡡
ľеĵչϾǰͬʱɵŲ˵ٸһλᣬ
ʱչѾ̤ĲˣľҲ֮վȣչĲʱٴδһ̤ǰһ䵶ٶȻȥ켣һֱߣչУԷĵͣڼСķΧڣһ̲ͣرŹ켣֪һֻʱ̲Żȶֻеʱزı䡭
չͣ˽ŲԷһеһ˿ļ֣ڵ漰˲䣬չ֣һա
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ʱսᣬԷɱһε֮УǶԷݹһô׾ٵץ
ľڣڳеȫˡ
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չ̧ͷ֮һ˫ӥĿϾضŶ֣º͵ص˵һ飬ʲôģ
ľɲǽֱǱӥסһ㣬ɪɪľګ˵ľľС
Է˲չȼɱĵȻ޴棬ԷǸδĳӥǰĶֻ˷ܲѣ֮Ľ죬Ķ֣ȴ˵ģ˿û²ĿУ۸Сһ㣬ġû
ľֻǰ֮˸ոɢľɱٿȻʧѹʧټѯʵʱչ͵һ֣ľо;ԼǱƷɵƬһ㣬ӭת˺üȦ˿ܿƷֺһƨ˲Զĵϡ
УԷɣ㻹ҳ֣Ҫѩܣ㸸װɡ
ľлľԭʿƴؿɳƵɤ𣬺ʵ˭
չǣƥĲͣȴشͳһƺְѰƿƺȸһβ֮֮ڣ֮ԣǵĸǣʮӥչˣ
ľ˲ͣΧ۵Ⱥͬ˴ɧһ㣬˲һ壬ֱ
ķӥչ۷ɵĶӵ嶼ˣ
Щ˵УǾĪ
ڻ˵Уչ𲻹ǡӥչ۷ɵĶӰˣЩ켣ԭĺУλСӥ˿ĸĸĻҪֲ
ŵ£ŵ£ŵˡ
ΧδԵĵһ
֮Գǵŵ¡ڵ˼ǡ
ʳӥ

ˣˣˣ
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һƬԺΧԭʼ֣ﲻκεı߻֮أ෴嶼Ͻɽ
ΪǻʼԺƽʱû̫İյˣֻлʼҼʱŻ⿪΢ԵһЩ
ŵҵĶӣҲǡĶʵ۱ɽϷģԴʱɽϱ㱻һǧɲ־ͽС¡
Ժʵ۵ѾһСǰĴڣǴǰʲô۱࣬ɮڶˣܻʼҹ
ɽϹ嶼򱱣δɽģһɽׯֻһ棬ޱ޼ʵԭʼɽ֡
һʱ䣬嶼ڣƮҡ˭֪Ҫˡ
ʥϣڻʵ۴ּҪѾʱ䲻֮ϣɵࡱٹͳԱŴ
ٹԶ汾ǵڸĺᣬ̨֮󣬴建֮ߣ嶼ǲΪ٣ųǷе˲ֽ
嶼һƬҡ
ôҵʱֹýĻʼԺ֮⣬һɷǡԼѮ۵ʿ
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Ϊܳ͢ĵڣܳ࣬͢Ƿ֮ˣȴʵĵ٣Ʒн׵ġ
˳˽ŵų֮⣬ǳ͢ƷĴԱ佭λΪְֱǼٴһǳ͢һƷԱࡢڣҲÿͿ˵ְǸڱְܡ
һΣֱӽӵ˾ڻʵ۵ʥּּ
һʿ֮УΪ졣
һ·ڶɮ뵽۱֮ĵУʮӢˬķǸŮڵ˵ڣ֮ϣҸ֣ףƷǷаŮ٣ңŮɽվ֮֮࣬ϣһ۵ľڻʵ۲ͣؿţԱߴӲﲻͣڲſˮ
ֻǴʱľڻʵɫòɫ˫Ŀݣշڣֻһۣ˱컯书λڻʵ˼ĵǲƣֻ»˶ʱˡ
˲Ҷ࿴æһ˦׵꣬꣬ꡭ
ڻʵ޹⣬ֳֻմһء˲⣬Աߵǰȥ˼䣬ڿЦ֣⼸岻ʣԴϵġ֮󰡣ÿɺˡⲻ⼸յҩõĲˣǰҪ³¯ĵҩ
æͷӦǣڸĵ𺧡
аãǸǶˣһֱΪƵġǴ֮ҩò޴󰭣Ǵʱڻʵ˽Ӧûųǵʱס¶Իʵ۵岻Ǹʱҽסûİ
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ףʱҩײãʵһʲô⣬ڹ͵
˳΢֣̿ʱգ޳仯Ī⣬ʺϿ¯һġδƣˡǱ¼赤ҩ΢һ«衯²壬ų嶾һҩ֪
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˵ԱߵŮҲһ뵱Ȼı飬˵˼³ȥ
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вɵøеЩԼɽȻô಻óѾеһεټ²ʲô·
ȻЩ徲Ϊ˼˽ҪͷҲ㹻ĵģԷǸͱ˵ΪУЩ࿹뷨
ؼʱ̣˷侲˵ТþòôһϷŪƶºǰƶĵӺ˵ǿ۾֮ﰡ
ʸŲ룬Цеػ˵αضŭֻ֮ʱҶֶ˵𣬸ոմӹ֮еõһġôҼһֶܵõôλַòأ
˶ʱ亹ð˳Ȼ֪Լļͽܡʦܣһֱ͢ߵĽҲ벻ǾȻʦҪĵҩ˽飬ͼҲЩٻΪܳ͢ҲӵܼʦΪ˻ٵһȥȻ뽭ڳ͢ڲȴ̸ᣬǣ塣
Тһϯ֮ɫʱͳɴʱڻʵѽѽ˵ͣȥһᣬТĻʵ飿۾ϲɣ
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֪Ц°ʸҲĸ֣ʱɫʵ
Ц֮󣬳ԵЦТ˫ȻҲô򵥵ĵ
Ŷô˵ҼҶֶ˵ǼٻõĲǡô
һ۳룬ȻǡûЩҼͽûĶҩЧôȵƶƵĵҩأТô˵ȵҩҲΪôҲƶˣֻ跢ּ⣬дѵĵҩṩαƶõĵ·ñ;ľأ
Ǻǣԭˣԭˡ⵹Ǳʧ֮ˡ
ʸЦΣ֮ʱеɱȴһš
ȻˣǱȥɵнɣ
΢ּ
£֮ǰٿ˾ڻʵһֶۣԷ㱣·ûע⵽ǰǺһ㡣
ڻʵѾϲǰ֮ˣеֻͽֻʣ΢ӦƤҶѡͬʱƾ߳ĹҲ˾ڻʵзӦԭÿҪڻʵ۳ʱ򣬱͵͵ڻʵ۵Ĵȣ̼ڻʵ۷졣
˱Ƕŵ˵ѪζɵĿ벻һʵ۾Ȼ䵽˵ز
ˣʸſЦʾ⣬ţǴ˼Ǻˡ
֮ϣڻʵһΣܷܷʰһѣСУЦȻϹҲûʲôôˡˣϢȥɽʧɣ


004 Ķ
˳˷£ڳɽƽأ֪Լһ޴ıǰĶԱҪҪٶȻصɽּ⴫ȥƺЩӸǸߵ̫ˣôʱԼеһ˿˿ǺͿ־塣
ɵЩԺڶЩ˵ķݣֻ·Ǹ͸ʦ֮ڣԼڶƱؽҪʳ
ʱɫ谵زĸʧȥĿ꣬ɽɵɽ¼ۡ
תһɽͷ˼۵ͻȻͬһɼת䣬Ȼ̼½ĸûУ˳档
˾ģ˵ɫ
ǰԶֻб£һʯ֮ϣһλصϴһɴŮӣŮĸߣһֺȺĽ˰̬ݺ϶ȣ̬ݡʱӭббؿԶƻͨ嶼ǣŵ˷·δһ㡣
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벻ҹ֮ʱƶͶݣҰʩһȴҲһ˶ֵݡ
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⣿ߺߣҺ⡭׿Ʈһ˿ޱȶ˵Ц⣬¥㵱֪ҵΪˣҼȻˣǲӦǱҵĵˡ֮꣬Ҳ͵Ϊֹ˰ɣ
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ߵľֶ˿һе˵ôҴأҲΪʲôһԭ򡭡
벻ǷǸͶƶƶϹ۾ȻһֱǷǸ󵱳ɣ׵𡭡ðã˵ʲô׵ҩʵǶԸƶֶΰˣƶ
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Цᶼ˳һĨ۽ۣٿȻأȻˣ˵棬Ա߶ŵλɣҵҪλڴһƶ
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ֻ֮ˣǺУһˣһǧĵŮӡ
ҫ֮£Ůڷǰȴžӣһָ۽ȥƽǸڵβƣﴵƵϿ˿ºۼŮӾһధԹı飬ŷϣഺһ㡣
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˵仰˲˵ϣͷ亹ðȴѶһָͷ
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롱âһŭһ壡һһ븡֣һ˲ûؿ֮С

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006 ׷ɱ
롱һ£ܺڰӰϥص¼곤ϡ
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뵽˴밵һҧʩչṦΪһ̳һ㣬ǰ֮С

ڤ־ű壬мۣ谵ĵ·ֵڵ±øԱʶɼɣû˿֮ͣ⣬ɴҲʾڤǿĵ̣һ֣֣̣Ȼһʶʵ
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޷Ȱ˵ʦСĽֻεҡҡͷ
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ڵâϮ˲䣬ڵϵ͵صͬʱһڹзĵâһ죬âڹ飬ڹ΢΢һΣһȦӣ·ɻߡ
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ɰͶ·Ϲ˷һ㣬˫۴
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ɰͶһ֣һѣʲôģҵģ㲻֣
˵껰һ˲ɾ룬䵶һƥһضͷ䡭
һȻǰ֡
ʱ壬ҲǴͣԭŶз֪Էơеĺĵ϶ԻⶾԵĽҩȻܰٷְٽⶾԻ֢״ʱӵս
ڲС֮ʱѾз½ҩ϶ԷĽҩԣһ·嶼ƶϵļѱƳ⣬ʣµıǲĶԡ
ԭų˻͵͵Ǳڤ嶼ܻأ벻·ϾȻôɷǣļƻȫ̴ҡ
Էӵ֮ʱڲװȥһ֣Сֻءɢ˶ԷĵâʱԷɱ岻ԸĪĶսģڹŻУͬʱһ٣ܣ
ߣ
ɰͶһŭȣеâʮɳն屳ûϵԷͷҲأâϮɲǣڹ·ɣϮĵâȫ䣬ĵƬԷĻûͻƣʧӰ٣
ɰͶʱôŭһŭȣ׷ȥ
ʦܣɶ£
Ҳû뵽ͻȻﾹȻ֣񵶵նȻ棬ֵܵԷԼӦʦܲɰͶ׷ȥ»⡭
һҧһХŶȥķ׷ȥ

롱ʱ֮УŽֵص˹ȥȻȥķϴһХʱһá
ݵƽѾãҰǴڣȻ˵ȳ飬ĵĻ⡣
ӣĵ׵ʵ鸴ռϷ磬ռݶʱ򣬶¡
롱ϣת㳯ŷ֮׷ȥ
ոշ֣ʱվԭأһɺϮͷ
ΪǰԶһɴеŮӣǰĵ·֮ϡ
㣬㡭׿󣡣
زסĿ־˵Գ֡
׿󣬴ʱɱȻ롱ϵңǻڣң㵹ù
롱֪ŭ׿󣬵ɱʦ𣬽Ҫָ
֮
׿Ϲ֣ؼʱͬһɫ֣š롱˲˹
롱һʹһͬһ㣬֪δ׷׷ɳ룬һ㳯ɫȥ
ۣ
һѪ咁ʮԶȻ֮С


007 
׿һûܱеУϸһ˿ɫԭڤʦǵ룿벻ġ컨꡿ַоȻŵġ챩ʦҪǿ㵹ùµʦ߿ȥɣ
׿ϻͽҪٴγ֣ԶȻٴδһХ
׿жʱֽ֮飬ŭ
ݵһһ߸֣׿ʧ١
˼һٲؿڣ֮زز

ԶʮһɽݴͻȻñӵĽлԲ۾ʮⱬһγզ಻ѡ
һ˵ȥҵ찡ܴģɽⳡҲ̫ˣҲֶԺɣ
һ̾Ϣ˵ʲôģĶ˰ɣôĳ档
Ъ˰ɣһһӣԹΣհ˵ʲôҲȥѾأ˵㣬úõĲۿҪˣǵôԶʲôɶ˵˫ǰһ̯ͽ
߶һ·ˣܲͣ᣿ǲ¼ңѦϹӦ֣ݸ׵飬һȻҪ嶼һУһ̽̽ʵô˵ˣ˶ΪǸ缸Ӧõ˿⸮뵽Ǹ͵͵Ѿ嶼֪һнʲô
û£һ
ƨСôĸԸTMDŲҸ˾ͽ˵СӰǵ¸ͻඣ
̫˰㣿
һһߣñӣ¶Դ޼ƤŭⱲӾôܣֵܲŸ㣬㾹Ȼвң
һЦ̧ͷ¹£ҶӣֻǴʱһЦ˵ֵ֪ʲôнն˰ɡ
ԴޡҶһ·֣չø֣ݸ·Ѧɳİֹڵʮڸ֣ʤԺĸֻ֮£ǵʵѾע˸ˡ
Ҷ˰һ֮Ҷͽˮоƻֵ·ϴĵнɳһ嶼̽Ϣ̽һ¡¡еʵ
ⶼóǩṦõԴ޺ҶжҪѡ
ۿҪ񾭡һµԴȻǴΪǿޱȵҪ£ֻøҶһ·н嶼Ͻɽ
û뵽ųҹɫϡ¡һ̽ȴûϵɽ±ɽϵľִ֣֪ȻйǱĽӽ
θողغ壬ȻǰڴһХƿ˲ӽ˸æٴͷغãݴֻ¶˫۾ضִǱ龳ֵĲ˴󷨡ǱϢȫչȫϿױͺ֮ʯһ㣬һ
Դ̲סԹ쵰õĲ
һҶһȥԴԴڳ
ҲԶһźѸӰӾȻ֣䵶ӣʮâɳֱǰǵ̶ȥ
һ·ϡꡱϣĵâɨʮϸĴâȻ˿ƣɿǵеӰ
Դŵһʹù벻ֵ֣Ȼй龳ʵεжǵˡ
˴һֻеӰһһһתݵһƿ죬ӰڿնȥȻٶȿ龳ĵâ˲嵽Ҷ˵ǰ
ҪԾͷĹľԣٿȻԷԣ۾һɨúͲݴеҶ˸ۡ

Էһ벻Ȼûﻹĵˣͬʱ͵һ٣Ҫֹ
һ֮䣬ƶʱǣ۵һϵѪҺ߸ߵͣһبգХѹȵҶԴ޶ԶԴ޿һTMDҶҪ⵲һһӰ쵽ϵƣʱ˹ȥ
ǿʱ𣬶˲죬ӹһ١
ɱ
Զ龳ĵҲǳһܲ˵سɱ
Դޡѽһܣͬʱȣֵܰ
ү
ոԴޱۼֿҶһѳǰ˳ȥͬʱԴ޴Уˣ
Դ֮ʱҶѾȥɾ룬ֱ֣һܺӣ㲻ܰ
ԴȻˣҲǼس˹ȥһѳεڶǰǵӰһԷƣʱһ
ԭǰһɫ۵ʿѾԡѪұѾϣһ˺ۼعǶˣڣ˳˿ڣߵ඼ɼԴ⣬ķӶпܱն롣
߲ǱһȭУݽȥ߹Ƕ֪˶٣͵һҲòȥŪöѾϡõһˡ
Ѫۣһ۽ۻƣ˳ϵѪĺ롢ͷȾʪ͸ԡѪģ֪жٴ˺ۡ
ƣ޽ɿҲȲˣղŵ׺һƣһȻҲǸ˲õ
һ뵽ﱻ׷ɱˣԴŵСȶӶתˣһԷϵѪֻۣǿһۣԴӲɳһװûسŶԷվǺһغҪĸϽܰ
˵֮󣬳Է壬ڱϣṦʩչ˼£ȱܣ
ԶҶոֶ֣δȫԴ޲һȣʱһ
֪ԼλֵƽʱȻС£ԼֵսʱܣĵĶӣǳ˴⡣
ԭһ˵ĵʿϣҶ֪߿϶˴£ͣʱҪߡ
ǰ֣ǡǡɼİ˴ͽ֮ˣͺĽСͺӥʩźһƲӵĽСɽܣǰ˴󵶿͵йΪĶˣͬʱ˹ϵĪ棬֮ʤʦֵ֡
ԭúܺãͻȻ׻ɰͶ͡ӥķ֧ԮХΪǸصжĿˣǰ֧Ԯ
û뵽һ¶вأĶӵ˿С˱ûϵﾹȻиһХȴ˷ʱһƹɽ±ӡ
ͺӥʩ͡ɽܸû뵽ԼһȻ˷֣һХͬʱԼХ֮ķʦֵܣˣŶ˷׷ղŷ¹ʡ


008 ɱ
ʱҶͻȻ֣־Ԯнеˣͺӥʩ͡ɽܶͬʱŭһеâתһһңͬһĵâתɾ϶ΪһȻ˲޴Ȼ⣬̫ͬһ˲ɽ֣ⶼܿ
׵Ҷոһң˵ʱ򣬹âһһǿͬʱĵâͬһ㳯Լ
һǰһֲͬͬһʽڲ˹ҶǳֵĺһѾһִΪֵˣҶԲľ磬ӦΣأԲ⣬Ľ֡
ҶʱԷһгӲĳ˵âе˹ȥͬʱȻԷĵƲһ̫ʮ㣬Ҷ˵ĵпܽ·ߣԼѵķԼɶԷһ㡣
Ҷо벻Ȼ־ȻеѾﵽܣ뻯ľ磬Ĺ龳ֲʤö٣඼ǹ࣬似㣬˵ȹʵ似ͬȺƽû뵽ȴͬһط֮ࡣ
ΣͷҶľ˲աֹˮһľ֮Уңȫʩչ˳ŶԷǰһĵǿ˲䲹Էеתһ棬ȫһ£أȫʱһɣ˲ѳ˶˵ɵ
ͺӥʩ͡ɽܶ˾һе͵ǿȫҶ˹
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
һ˫ڼ̵һ˲䲻֪˼£챬ǧ꣬Ҷ֪һ֮Ժ龳ֵ֣תơ͡ɽʮ˫£ڽ赽ǣԷ˫ڿпĻһꡢź̫ĵ֣ɲǼͬʱʧ
ͺӥʩ͡ɽƺһһı飬ȴˡ
ͬʱҶҲǼܣҺһ󒁷ɣõؤĿһѪδأȴһͬһˣգۼɳȥʮɵľ룬׷ͬȥ
ͺӥʩ͡ɽغۿŶԷߣȴô᲻ֻÿŶԷߣ˺Ȼһۣ̲סͬʱʵ˭

ϲλص嶼Ȼĸ֡
ҶˣʱܵһɻξڣԷʵϬҴ⣬˱ڤԷڶԷ澢뵽羮Ѩʱ򣬷ŸɾػΣʱұڵľֵһƬ̲סٺһӲƴת쳤ؾóϹġϵֱ۵ơ
ԴƴӴܵٶȾȻҶȫ֮ҲǷ˾ţ֮ϣ벻СӽŵĨ͵ĹȫʩչʱȻԼеˡ
ҶԼȫ׷ϣϻһء
̾һܴ̼µǱȻ޴
Ҷ׷Դ޵ʱ򣬶Ѿ㱼ȥ룬ȵһ˼һ첲һܣ
һֵʱ򣬲סԭǸѪ«һֻʣһˡ
ү첲
Դ޶ͷðʱȻɵ˵ϵĺǸųġ
˭ų
ʱһƬأԴ޸Ҫ𻰣ء
һţǺ죬ʮ᳤ľװ´ɿһĴ˳ɢһԲΣǱΧ
ҿʲôʱҲˣ
Դ޾һ֪Ϊϵλ˲˲ڿ㣬һǶֵ֣ȻǸոĹ龳֣ǰĺˣԷǳĲҪϵӳ찡
Կ϶ǣҶԴ޶ɽʱǰڵģǺΧϵİ
Ӳ
Ҷһ˲ӿɺ飬б佣ؽâǰһ֣Ҫسȥ
ǰһˣ˵ֵֻҪҶԵĵһὫΧסɱ
Ҷ˲䵽˸ǰнâ͵һ±һѳʩǿӲ˹ǺһΣ˵ĵֻʣ°أâǣһ䣬Ҷ׼ȷشü֮У͸Զ룬ɥ
ŽâǣҶͬһֻըëĴ⬣âǰ֣ͬʱâϮ壬Ун׵ѪǵҶĽƣɱϴľ󒁷ɣԷ͵ʱҡ
ȺʱҶ׺һķ
ⲻ֪ʱҶҲǳһ벻ôһĺֵ֣µĹȻӲʣԼһ֮һȡôСĳɹԷ߲һˣˣǺ𣬶౻̧첲
֣
Դһϸߣת㳯һ˳ȥ
Ҷںô˵ʲôTMDװʲôˣ˵ʲôڻ
ɻ䣬Դ޴Ӹţͷɽֵȥ·òͷ
Ҷط˸ۣ˵СӻûڲԼݣ֪طţͷɽǰǰüˣһ޼СȣһڽͷԼһ˱ͨ͢Ļ֮ʱһȥģ˵˵ͷڽֺˡ
Դ֨ҽеһ󺰣˷ӵɲǼ佫ҶΧһСƬ֮С
ҶԴ޶˽ŲѸƶʹ˲ɺΧ֮ƣԷսȫ
Ҷ̽ǰԴһַűϵߣһק˳ܵķɱ
Ҷ֪¹شȻĸ׷κλεãֻɱĿ콣ֻ֮ǰÿһ̳ӦҽУ˲ۼжʮ˵ضңһҪλ
Դ޵ͬʮ㣬һֱڹ˦ңǰһԲ֮ڣκ˶
һСƬϣѪӰսҡ
ۼٴγ֮УȻİѳִǰ֣ͷҶִĸǶ
֣õĵ֮ǰĵǿõĵС
Ҷһݣ֪˱ȸոնԵһȼĸ֣ѱǿ֣Ʋʹ˹ʮ㣬Ϲҫʩչתơ򣬻ס˵ӣͬʱԷ಻ĵơ


009 
Ľ֮ͬŽһͣһ˲䣬İѵϵ˿иǰѪƫ˷ļͬ䵶塣
ĶܣҶûʱȡǵһǰȥ
õƺǽǰеһߣһʧҶеǰѹʧһɡ
ннŸһĵڵϵһѸֵ༱ҽУĸֵնһֵͨͷ­ֲһֵ֮С
ԴϣȻ룬һ׺ĺ˸Խѡ
ֳһʱΪң
ܺӣͲԴ޴ŭȡ
Ҷȣ𳶶ˣͣ
ҶԾͶ֮⣬ʱâ꣬ǰͬʱѪʬ咁֮⡣
˶֪ڣо׷Ӳƴȥʼղǰ취ʶϣܴ֮У˽ṦƣշתŲ˦ȺУһ˦ЩˣƾṦֵڻʴ
ǰִĵ˱Ҷɱգһ󷭣ùԴޣҶٴѺڻ֮ʱѵ๥
ҶҲһ˦ҫʱˣǰɳһţһֵߵָȫѣ󵶡أȻˡ
ҶһХ⳱ӿӲɱһ
էȥ󷽽׷ŵ󺺣ʱɥ
Ҷһ佣סȫݺˣԴ޵ĽŲ֮С
סˣ
Ⱥ˴кҶһһݣȺΧԼĴ󺺣ѾǵߣȻлԼĸ֣Ȼװͳһ˵Ϻһ֧·־ۼ
Ҷͣ˲֮УۿͿṦ˦Ѳĸ֡
ʱһ෽ͻȻһأƬͬʲô޳һ㣬̶ۣ˵ٶȾȻһ㲻ֵӰ죬Ӳس˹գ۱㵽˶˵ǰ
ҵعԹԣֵܶס
Դһһԡ
Ҷֱ֪ײĸ֣֮УԴޱԱֻԼʵֵһ£ԷķõԼ˵ǰֻҪһʱƬ̣;Ѳ
ױĺһ㣬Ҷһ߳棬һȫ
ԷȻҲ׼ߵҶ˫Ȼδ棬ȴ˶Է
飬顭
ǰľͬһ׷㵹˫Ϣ֮ײһ
߳
Ҷ͵һŭȣ佣ѸڱأȻгҳһӣ˫վȵ棬˫͵ǰƳ

ȫͬ汬ľٴδ˫ƼһƳһ㣬͸֣ϰգҶܷԲɾڵľεض𣬾Ȼʱľ÷ϰգʮơ͵һƣлڡٿȻ
ڳϰ֮һѣͷ¸ȻУľ飬ͬһХһ;׵Ϻгľмһȭȭͷγһֻ޴ͷسҶ
˫էһʱͬʱǴһȾȶԷݣһϺУһС꣬ͬʱ˫书֮
˶ͷײһ
ҶԭزΪʦͬһڵһ

һ죬ͷײλùâһ
š
䣡
ԭӵһıһ޴Ģڿն𡭡
ǿĳԶ˽ֵλΪģ˲Աɨľֱӱ˷۳رˣϵĲһ㣬Ѹɢ
һ·췭ظֱԵ׷ĸ֣˲䱻Ĳ¥ߵ˾УҺûʯ֮У¶ͷת˲ֱӱʯеĸѹ࣬ʯϳһ飬ҳһ˿һĺۼ
ըĳΧ˲ɢﷶΧһ֮ڣһ޴֮⣬塣
ԴޱƴӱܳĹҲڿƬ̣ɱǿҵĳ˴űһʯ˽ȥ
һгʱ򣬱ûһ˶ʯ֮У͵һͷѪۺȿȵؿ˼֮Ѹٴʯ˳һԴ˻ȥСٳһӰ
ǲ㱻Դ޺ͱϡ˻Եˡ
һѲӣȴô޷ҵҶԴŭҪѰңԶһХϮԴ޽ѵ֮£һţ˱֮ܽУת˲ӵӰ١
ԶУҶصڵϣвͣŻѪжХٽӽȴԶһָͷ
ԱӰһһʮ߰ͻȻ˳Ҷһʵɵģ
ҶһʱԴ𻰣ХٴαƽɫתҪߡ
ȡҡ
ҶһԷһԥŽһ壬ĸʱһӣֽ˵Ҷ˽ȥͬʱֻܰ㵽С컯ˡ
˵һɨʱҶƷḧɨ߱ڸסвأ𣬿Զȥ
ۿԷҪԼҶæתǱϢڱסϢϮڱһͣ⣬Ҷ˱㱻Ѷ˵ص¡
С˭
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Ƿˡ
Ҷмס˶Էĳ࣬պѲб˼
أ׷
һŭӰݵشҶͷϷ˹ȥڵµǺ޲
TMDӲˣ
صµҶùͬʱȫת쳤ؾóϹʱڵ⣬ָͷãʹѵղϺӲӲһֱƽһΣҪǶǿ㻻ػȫҪѳɷĩˡ
ʱҶȻ£ΪѲ켶𣬹ʶ˿ûƵĸоȫϵƣ͵ظеһ¡¡֮ŷһֻ޻ҶԺжʱǸһȭԼɵϺУæͣ¹תԷּҲǶһߡǱϢҲ˿⡣
Է֮פ㲻ǰƺҲǻľĴ
ʲôˣ
ͻȻԱƾճһһŮŵҶеùԼȻûвԷĿֻ˵ԷĹԶԼ֮ϣһͬľ֡
һĸ֣ҶӲƴ֮¶˴ͬʱԼûκε


010 ı
ҶǧҪԷ֡
ֻϺдֺ֣˾ȻǸʮͷˣܹӲȻܹ±ɹʲôʱֵСӣ֡
ŶʮͷǲǶԷóפ֮ʵѾǸӵǰˣŮɻʵȻһϺУɡ
ϺһߣѵɱһפǱᣬֲ
Ҷпʱ˵أʱ³Ķˣһһ棬ȻǷǸ׿ɡ
벻⴫˵е־ȻԼ߲ԶҶҪѨȫգ˿Ǵˡ
Ȼ֪ͷǸǣҶдв
Ǹħ֮ǣҶеصѹ
ĲǸ޷֮⣬̴ῪΪ˵벻¥ϹȻƣǧ湦ת񹦡ĵת䡯ҵһһȭ֮󣬾Ȼѳ˳Ծ
Ȼģţġ｣ֳҡȭһȭֻ飬񹦸Ҳһ
ҶеѾ࣬ԭԼԴ޾µϵʿʮ֮һŵųˡ
Ǹ˾ȻѾ˴֮ɱ֣ϵƿҲﵽ㹻նĵز
׿૵ҲǵϹܷǵǾһ˵Ǻηʥ¥ƫһ磬ҵȴ²вֻϧŵʵʵˣǱҷգسɾ¥ӵȴʵڲʺϵ˴ɵ䣬ǲ֣պڲҲһ١֮£ҵɨλϰˡǺǺǣ˵ǲأõѣ

һЦҶϴһӯĽŲʮɵľ룬ڶԷЦʱڣ㵽˴˴ʾԷṦĸ߾׿Ĺ˵ǲһ
˲˵ȻǷǸڵѣŵűǡ롱ӡáӦ˵ʦʦ֮ࡣ
ƶã¸ʦ
ȻǸ׿ȴȻӦ꣬˷ᣬһڴȹõٵųıඣ
æ׸мƶԸĴмպǸзԸøʵβӺ
׿ѲصģȻҷǸ֧֣ں˸ɵѵȨ
ٴθлȴǵ˵ǽղ֪˾ȻȻǰǺ˵˵ֻ¶֮ڵͽڶӰ졣Ͼڶ꣬һ׽ӵܡ
治˵õѣ֪νȲƱûһЩֶΣȫƿأЩĵӣĴ֮㽫ȫɱһ˰ô
⡭ֻʵ˵ȵز
׿ʱҲǳȰοѷģִƵ֮ʱǸȻȫ֮ǷӣˣǷԣ㱣֤Ȼٴϡ
ƶٴл˵ľϲ֮飬˶óе֮飬ҶжʱõΪ˴ΪݣȻ˶ͬʹ¶֣ЫҲˡ
ٴһҪĻ׼϶Ȼմ߻ӿܣ˻ʲôñҽڴ˼˵صļ󱲣Ҳһˡ
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ȸһЦϢ˵ùȻøƯҰĺθͬôء
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ȸڿЦҼǵʥԭǾڣʮڣһһأΪʥ˥֮֮𡣿ǰһս֮ʥŴȴʱʱ֣ǺǺǣʥŵ֮ǳȻ֮һˣ¼ɾĺȤˣôǺǡ
ȸһЦȴõµҶ
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ȸĬȻ
¼һħĻô
ûκ֤ݣûκ֤˲֪᲻ţʱ˿̣ҶԼ֪Լȫˡ


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׿ɻǾôݲƵУ
ݲǡΪӣҸϲһ֡
ȻˡǺǣǱ˵ඡ׿ǳЦӯӯȸЦһȻУӰΪ컨꣬ʧ
׿սʣȸ𡣼Ȼ˲֪԰ͱҷˡ
˵֮󣬿һ׿ӰһƬӰʧڿ֮С
ҶѾӰҲҴ⣬ʱȻѾָɲڵһ
ȻһյĹ֮Ȼһɫ£þһɫڵ֮ϣɫͬ֩һɢ˲ܲԲһﷶΧڵأΧеʱһƬڣɱеһֻҲΪҽԴ
׹׿ЦУȻԶȥ
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վҶȴʹһٴˤڵأϵļԣǾҲһ֮˲С˺֮ǰӲһУҶڻ±ˣܵ˴δй˺
ҪʮġԼղ塿񹦼ӳ֣ڤ񹦡ܣԼ쳤ؾóϹػȻɥ
ˣҶһʱҲǲֺһͨͨķˡ
ԸԼ󣬲ЩΧȦĵ֡
Ҷͬһлһ㣬˼öҩ֮󣬵սľس嶼ǵķ˹ȥ

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ʱǨԴʶҶֵ֮չ鵱еѪԣϷ˼ӷǵ
˶ΪλСӥڣ丸չ۷ɶеˣȴ֪չʵΪһŮ˲ȫӴ䡣
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ҶԷ˿òףõǰȻ
ŷԷڵȴչһ㣬չԾվסεضŶԷеʣʯϵձøӵĹѲ⡣

ԶĴѾҹˡ
ƵĹâȻӳ£˵òȴϡɱ档
ʮͷģ⺷³ɡ֮ˣʮۣͣ룬ļ䣬ֹȡ
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˵ĿıһᶨĿƺնϵǰһУ෴ĽˣĿȴǴδƽͣЩ
չĿһƽͣؿŶĽˡ
˵ĿøΪˣɱڣΪʱ֣Լ۰ڳôɭȻƣһ벻˶ߵķۣΪԷδͣһ̣˲ñӣʱЩɱڡ
ֵǣչ𣬾ĽˣƺڣУֻжչ
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Ȼ¼ϲڣ֮ǰֹһľֻ֣ء塣
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012 
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ֻһ˲Ѿﵽ˵һľ磬⡰ٷﵶȻ԰ı죬Ҳһѵһĸ֡
ɡüëһԹۣһֵģ
չֱδȻǿҲˣĿѾͶ˺ڰеԶ
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겻벻չĹȻ˵زаӮô
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ӵڽͷѲߣ嶼ڰҹ֮ͻȻ߻ڳǷеѲߣ߸͢ξ̼࣬˾̽ܲ嶼ڴСһʱսʱܡ
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ԴԼѾΣգֵֻصҶǸСӵİȫ
ͷ̾һԴ߰ߣԸСӻǼɣ

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Լҹ˳ǣ˰죬¸ϼѣԼһƣ͹˵۾


013 
Ҷϵı佣Ѳ֪ȥֻܿһ˫֣·һЩԥԥǰн߱Žǵİ취ɾڴʱһϣȻʧ٣֮һ޿ɿܵĵɵ֮ڱ˲䴫С
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ҶҺ岻ʱ鶯֪ọ̈̄ȴһָͷá
ʱ˿̣õһٵ롣
ͻ̫ͻȻҶаùͬʱ׿񽣴Ϊɵ
Ҷ̨һֻӲҧ࿹
һоǼʹ˻ȥһʱѲģǹٵһسǵĵ֣Լͱ˼ˣԼС͵ý⡣
ˮȵʱ̣ꤣ̤أһʿһӹٵһ
Ҷʶģʲô˳úڸ·ôˣѽգνǣ
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һæͺȵס죬Ҫˣ
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һУæȰСӸע㣬͵º֣ؤСǹˣҪˣҶѲ˸ϵ
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Ҷʱһ뵽ǴҲȻһĵСӴȣֻףǲǴеġµһ輧ô벻һξȻôһλ鲥µŮжӵĻݻԼһνǴˡ
Ҷһɣƣ֮֮ϮƤһϣʱ˯˹ȥһʱȫʧȥʶ
ⲻ֪һ˯ûã㱻һص̽˽̽뻳Ҷһ૵Ȼˣû˿ӦСǸͨˡſҶЦһСӣҼС㣬ϱĸǳҰֵ࣬öһԷˡ


014 Ϸ
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覵֮ͯУҶָʶһʱܵģ˶峺֮⣬дϵů
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Ҷڵı仯֮ʱԲԶһŮͯСǸ󱿵
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СǸ󱿵ʱˣôĸأ˵СǸ󱿵
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Ҫ֪ʼͲд˰϶ͷ̾һʧܡ

СŮЦٴ𡭡
кС˵סѽүү֮⣬û˿ö
ðɣдд
үүѱʵݸ
дԣԹǧԹ
С
ƬΣ϶ͷŭ𣺡Сӣ㡭
ʲôд֣˱кԹ
ıֽˣ
ŮЦڵˡ
ŶǸˡ
ֽ𣬽ִߩ
Сֽźܹġ
һˡ
˭Ҫߩ˱ֽ
Կǵ
кʹͷԹԼСŮЦҶĶϵ
һ˲䣬ҶΪصʱƹʦʦ֡ԼʦֶЦֵʱһ㡣
û
Ҷ۾ȴǲһȡ
ף汦һкٴλ֣˯ʱ򻹻Цϡ
ѽ
ŵŵŵĽŲҶ۾ĿһֻʮҵСŮŴ۾ͷϿԼ
лѹˣҵȥС㡭
СѾͷʱŤͷܣŵŵŵֱɽԶգ۱˷䡣
塭
лӡ
ܺӣ治ྣ
Ҷһӣȫʹ̲סһ
СŮܿһСԴ˹Һͷһֱס˶䣬ӵǺͮͮģһСѼĽʵͻ顣ϵĻɫ·ǺܸɾҲࡣ
ȻλǸͷʵıС
СŴͿҶҶҲ۾һضŶԷ
Աߵ϶ͷȥˣ΢ЦŴ˹ҶǰһʵũֻҶ֪ǣҹϱ̽ȫҪ˿ͱʶݣ֮ˡ
ʱ˿̣λ϶ͷȴǲһ书һЦҶ˵СֵĪϵ˻ûãҶǻӰƵĿġ
ҡôˣҶɵװźͿ
壬ǰϵ㲻ǵô
ǰǰ죿
Ҷȴĳһ
벻ԼȻһҹԼⱲȫûгԹôĿ
Скᶨص˵ͷ
壬ҪˮôСʵ
ãõġҶ˵ǡҲǴ尡
ףСЩյԴ
ôô
Ҷ̲ס뵽
Ա϶ͷ̲סЦ
Сӣʲô֣
ҡƣƲ
Ҷ̲סٴζһùĻ˶Ȥζ֮⣬Ҳٷ˼ȥ֡
϶ͷ֪ͳһ̴سЦ˵ɶѾͷȥСȥˣƴع㻰ʵشá
ԵˣԵˡ
Ҷܸоǰ϶ͷЩԾһ˫۾˲енľģϵӶˣһ˫۾ȴ˲еɡ
ͷһ㡣
޷ҶҲֻܸݱ˵òжһ˵ǳ
ȻһᣬһϤ紫ҹ㱼Ǹٴγڷڣ򵥵Ҷ֮󣬱㽫һöɫĵҩҶ
һڣҩ˲仯Ϊһȫ̼ת֪Ǽõ֮ҩҶɰ̾λĳСǺĳԴһ֪׵ͨˣöȽ˵ĵҩ
Ҷͱһ˵ǣϾع䣬Ħ뱱ɭֶʱϾһ๦ֻǼһ֣ѵˣ·϶εĹ˵˳ʼգǸضûôɣûôϸԱߵ϶ͷ˵ʱ۾һգգضԼ۾
òǵһƭˣҲ˵ú˶ûκλɵغŪ˹ȥ
ԷοִҶ˲ǣȰοڴƣ˵
ҶǸмͬʱҲ룬Լûȫָ֮ǰѴɡ֮£ҲǱȽ׵ġ
Ҷж֮ǰ㶯Լ޵лױԼüĶһĿͨӴһС˧ͨģֻҪرϤԼһ涼̲ԼùԼһ磬ԵñԼСһЩ
׹뱱ɭֶʱҲù˵죬κ⡣
㣬Ҷڡµһ輧ĳҰס


015 
һ֮䣬ʮչȥ
ƽ߳ҰЩͨòͨ
ʮչȥҶһֱûл˵еġһ輧ߵضһ棬ģֻʮСӣʮѾɶʮ϶ͷ
֮⣬Ҷ֣Ȼһȱĳߵˣ򵽻ԺŮϴ·ӣΣ֮ʱһǳŴĴָؿ佱Եĸм
۸ǰʵʵʵˣҶֻס˼գȻûлָȴѾȫָͨӵеģּװֻѹָá
ʮҶûаסƾӣƤԼ׵ľգҶҰʮۻͦ죬֪أЩϲǵˡ
СӺɶСʱһֱߵ½½öˣֱӾͰﴧŵ߰Ĺ˳ʱͱϲˣû¾ܡ
һҶԺϽԯȴŮϴ·һơʮŴ죬ŸľԺٺٹϹȻ˵ϰʲôʵԵðܣ˼ҹǰ԰ڣԷע
ⶼƽҶùϵõļˣû¸ɻʱԸһһ߸ɻһྡ
ʱͻȻܳһСԴרȰæСӡ
СĹ飬ҲǼãﶼϲ
壡ҿɲ棿
ô϶ﲻæô𣿡ϽǸںѮӣڵϣЦеظС˵
үүû¡СſȵϣҶľˮһݣȻʹһߡ
壬Ǹ
Ҷˣ⺢ộԸ磬ҶҲˣôôС
ľͷˮһݣڱϣԶˡ
ģС۾һץľͣذ档
Ҷһ˹´ãһԹϱ˵ôûȥǰԺЩԺ͵ѧ书
ϵһСҲǸԣû¾ѧʲô书ȻñС㡣
첻УСˣ˵ʲôᣬСǸⲻؽ㣬ɶһȥˡ
ŶСһòϽƨɾվ
Ҷ̾˿æϽСǰȥô᲻׼أɳͷӣѾǰԺ˰ɡ
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С۾һŴĴָ佱
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Ŵһ仰Ƕ̲סشЦ
ҲǴţƤıҲһˢϣԲŴ죬ҲǶԸͨеѹᡣ
һ㣬СҲ֪СԴ̾˿һɶѧ廨ˣؼʱ˻еء

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Ҷ˼תͷʵô׷ǳСͦడ
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ŶŶŶҶæ˵ͷѶԷԼϵַ˻ȥʵ԰Ǵϲɡôզʪ͸أ
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Ŵһ˵˲¶ʮһ嶼ȨƵ󳼵ӵܡ
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Ҷĵ״ģͷôûء


016 
ѽͷ۰
Ҷƽֻгزʸĺ֮ڣԴղѡ
ŴԱߣһѴաȻİֵܣء
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Ŵǻ׳ŻŻ˻ɣ񻹲˼ҿŵС
֮ڣ϶ͷરવسẓ́Ūһơ⳵ߣҲͷе㿿ףͷ֪Ϊʲôݣ¶书һʱ򲻳զ죿
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ɶǿɲУɫͳˣεߦȸҶ˵СǰǵľˣΣգ̫ŲҪҲϣСӣǲǿŲһԴ
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һεж嶼ֱӽΪŵľ䵱У治ŵʱλһĲʲôᣬҾȻϽСߵɱ
Ҷ̾һԼտҲʮյϸ飬ŷԼĵģ֪ΪʲôһɫâСÿԼתʱ򣬲עϵС֮Уһﵽһ̶ȣâ䣬ɢȫԼȫԣˡ
ͬʱҶ뾡˰취ҲǲϵСΪһµͱȻܿƵעϵС֮Уڡڤ񹦡ǰѨΪĹԼС๦֫ٺʮС칬ڴ񹦣ҶҲ˼ΣȻܹȴעܷﲻãΪȻȻػת뵤ҲϵСգ
ηϵﲻأϵСһжǰ׷ϣ
ؼʱ̣Ҷ뵽˸ڤ񹦡ƵġǴ󷨡עԼùֻתǴ󷨡ߵڵϵС
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ֻҶҲͲµ˴ԷλүȴϲˡҸעģλүಽ꽣ͣһ۾Ǻҹķһ㣬ġ¶ԷڹұȻ֮


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Ե϶ͷеʶſ˵ϵ¿ˣ벻һӲԸľүҲˡ
Ŵաһ࣬ۿѽͷȷǾүԵǸ˲ǽ嶼ڴºôͷ꽣̫͡ڤôߵҲ嶼ĽֺһЩмӵء
Ҷһ벻һеľŻӻʸ̩ɾȻҲᣬλŻӿǸӱγͻ嶼ڶнأû뵽ǣλҳһСľŻӾȻõ˱ڤҵ֧֡
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ڵ˶ͬʱ߬ееɫôδйļᶨ
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϶ͷЦȻˣǳ򣬶ֵˡŴһʵʵأԽǿŲ׵һҪʲôܣԽᱻ˷ôŴƭ˰ɡ

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СӴڵأ̾Ϣöûˡˡ
ǡ
ǵͯ갡
ҶȻôһתسᣬ·
㣡
ҶһϺݸСӣ˵ǼƷ󣬰ͿԷˣôģҪԼѧᰡ
С˷ܵؽ˹ȥͣذŪţǳ϶ͷ͸ǰذ֮⣬Ӵĵһء
ҪѼͷԼ쵰ҲҪң
Ҷָʾ֮Сξͽˡ
Ҫȥ
ҵȻȥԵˣûгԱô̡㲻ǸӺ𣿲Ầһ˴Űɣ
Ȼˡǡ岻ǲ书ıô
ס죡Ҷûðɣ㣬ҿҲǾ֣
ôô
СӵİãŻһֵġİɣһǷݴģ
õأСһȻҪӣ
ҶҲСӵԴϷȥ
Ȼûһ˿һʹãʱ֫ļС칬λò¼ȻȼһöʱըһΣգҶʱҲ˲ôˡ
ȻʱʹãȲ֣ݵշתŲǿɵġ
Ҷشܳ˴ڣСͻһĹӡ
ԭҲǾְٺ٣Сиˡ
Сһ߹ĵһüϲɫֻǳƬ̣µķգǡ߸ôˣǸ˭ʦأǶүүƴϣÿհ


018 ҹ
ôžһɣǶ߱һ¥ĸ߶ȣʱװεĸûʡŵƽʣ֮ڣ˳ӿ졣
ʱӻʸ̩òʸΪƣֻмӷףȥޣ෴ϾεСӺƵЦݣǸһֺͰ׵ĸо
ʸ̩лڸϯ֮䣬ٹ̲ͤ㣬ĸŶһһܡ
ӣȻԳ͢ڵĹԱΪ˽⣬ʱλĹ佫ȴⲺ·ԱʱʣʾЧ֮ġ
йȻԭǶӼŵĹԱҲ½ͶЧĵطԱ˴ۣǻʸ̩£ġŶӵҪʱ̣ЩͶЧԱģҲǶӾٰҪĿġ
һֱŻʸ̩ŵʢװŮǶӵǸ״Ҧ̡
ǸȻŵӲ޵Ĺ涨ʵ涨Եģ˵ǷŅ̀۵ֶΣЩŵӣˣѡĶҲǹ𡢹һĽĻֵܣȢӣǷǸŵӣǼߵ״ӡ
ʱô֮ڣҸţܹһٶʮ˸ϯϣ̨ڵƽ̨⣬嶼ڵĸУԼĸ·Աĳ佫Ƽÿһǰæʩ̬Ȳκεİ
ЩҪĹԱ֮⣬̨λôмһ⺷κ˽ֻ˸شá
࣬һţһʮʦǣ£𾢵شš
ʸ̩Ŵʱò⣬͢зƱã᧿Σʱ嶼⣬˼ĹԱβͶһ׵ĴסԼ֮׵λá
û취ԭ̫ӳ˷ӣʵȻû̫ӣŷǸֵ֧Ķӣʵϻλѡ
ٴ̨̤ڸԵλ֮ٹ̲ͤ࣬¼á
ֻǿʱͤξȻٹ˱Ѿ²⵽ֻҪӵǻ֮ͤȻһεġࡱѡ
ѧԺȻΪ̣Ҳ£´ѧԺˡ
ٹͤĸ̨֮ϣҲϯʱǿһˣٹͬλδ֡
֮⣬עĿĵطǶӵҲ࣬ͬһȼ֮λϾȻҲһϯɵҲĴǣ֪˲ʸϴλȻӿƽƽ
Ҫ֪˵ΣλүҲֲһš
Ⱥвɵú֡
˶ӰȻ̫ƣ
ʱӿϰٹŮΪλϵ˵ƣƺǶзԸЩŮû£ϯǳﺬЦﲨƵͣõĹԱڶǰĸҷ̵ͷƤԽ׳һǶУ˵ֶΣЩǺ޹˼ɣ֣Ϊ
ӹЦǣӺݻٱ̨µĴСԱظ֣໥ףƣڹԱ˸߲ҷ׷¡
ϵĸ·Աʮ־нһ֣Цλλմ˵оֻһ˵Ĵžۣڴǰιţû챾Ҫڴ˷Ⱦȡֵ״Ԫ͡
˵֮һǰƵĹŮ棬ֱȥһס
̨¹Աʱһ㶣ŴкãЩڸɶָ֣˹⾰ǻˣ׷װ޶ӳ£һʱʱĻ֮
ȫΪңӻʸ̩΢΢һЦƿǰ۵ĹŮͷҦʵΪТ廹δ˵Ĺ͵ǺˣȻ̨λϯ
Ҧ̻ţ촽£үģһʦǰ˴Ϊү֮󣬺Ǻǡˡūӣ֤Ǹľϲ
ϲʸ̩Ŷʱ˷ܵͨ죬ʵѵǸҪԵ
ү֧¾֪ǰȻӹ󣬵ϾϲʦϲӦ꣬˵Ⱦ١
ԶԶԣǱˣʸ̩ĴȣŬñ˿ȥԵḡ
ʱࡱٹվ˫һڣЪֹ׷עӹ
ٹһЦ򵥵Ŀ֮󣬱ǶŶһٴƨʲôӢ䣬֮ķϻȻһתֵ̨һ̨ʼǽܸλα
嶼ڵĹԱҪҵĴ֮⣬ļ֣һλղİʷӣԱ߱İպԼŮ沿ն
˶ڵѧʦڱԭԶѧʦɼ֮µľ֣ÿһݳƶС֡ǰʮλ֣νʢһʱ
ʸ̩ŶԴ˼Ϊأÿһˣʸ̩ŶǾΪ˶淺֮ɫԼܹõʸδӵľش㡣
ܵⲿԱһǵطʵȨһԱעĿıƽ֪Ӱ󡢾Ž踮涨ף쾳󸮶ϱȴһʵȨ佫ֻǽ±ܺʮ֮ڣȨνʢ
ÿ˾һʾν
󣬡ࡱٹرһˣͶľϸѦĹ
˻һ˵꣬ڶԱ뻩Ȼ
벻ѦӣפݵʵȨѦĹȻҲͶ˶ӣô¡صĳΪڹٽܣԲǼٵģһʱܣ̾¿ڡ
ʸ̩ͷҲһ㶣ڲһҦ֮󣬼Էͷʾ⣬ʱֱӢѦĹΪء
ѦĹͶЧȻٲ˷ǸĳͶЧ˶ӵ˵һǿļ֮ǰѦɳҶˣڽɵһиӰ죬ʱ̩롣
ѦԷǸȴԼӶɼ䲻ģǸֻҪѦĹϴ£ѦΪ׵һ೯͢ϳĴǾ޴ġ
ʱѦĹɫ˷ܣسŶߵģԱȻѦĹͶϣҲΪ˴ΪģԾ裬˵Լ˶ѣ֮һ׶Ըĵ֡
δڶУµĹԱѴͷҿ֮䣬˼ء
ٹϣһȣһˣ˽ԾּȾֻĶСãǵĹ򣬲ȲЩĹЦû֦ҲȤ֡
Ц棬ȴǲΪ̺εİҦʵĽĿ׼ôµһ輧ıݿɲȱ١


019 ؾ
ҦһЦҰ£үô
ʸ̩Цһ£ȻǷĵġֻǱû뵽˾Ȼ˲ӣ˵еĸֳȻҾܾǸ
ҦῪ촽һھˮȻ֪أȴǸӣֻҪˣЮ
úãʸ̩ŵЦ֮Ըȥǻҵ˼ɡ
ŶôҦЦʵ
ʸ̩ɭȻһŮ˶ѣбȵ´¡
ҦذԵͷ
ԼԸ޸ʸ̩ţֻΪ׹ݵݣһҰģȻ㲻һۣʱΪ޴˻ǣ֪ȡᣬҪǣˣҦ̿ԿƵס

֮⣬һС¥֮ڣױ̨ǰžڵ绨գȴǰˡ
еĳòϼһӳѩ˫Ŀһˮ֮ʣһŸ߻ʣΪ֮㡢Բλࡢ¡鶯й̬֮˲ܲǣơ
ǼݺİŮϧСʱ巸ߣ߹ʧأֱ룬һ·ϣ׷ϣȫСʬҰֻٵʬŶһ١
ڵĺޣⱲΪŲµĳܸأ
û뵽Լļܣȴŭ˶ӣһ£߻ѪҰ˶ΪʣӣԼȻһֻ³Ұ˶ҪȪ
ߵȥⱲҲ뿴龰Ϊ˳ҰˣһΣҲ
ѾҲǳ棬С㾲ɵǰȰС㣬ʱ쵽ˣٲױˡ
ôȻұǿѵǷױ磬ҲҪܣ
С㣬ⲻµʱ򡭡
֪ˡ̾һʱԼһ˵ʲôʮŮ֮ף˵ʲôµʿӶԸԼʯȹ£ǵͷԼҪЭô
ֱʱŷԼνǶôĿЦ
ؼٴ̲ͣסС㡭
ȥ
Լġ
صĵɫֱװ׵дϣʱǲˣӯӯһ߳⡣
֨ѽһٴι𣬳Ŀеˮֹסƾ£˾һƬֽ֬ڴǰһͿ˲԰׵촽

ôô󰡣
Ҷųڳ˵ʶܿڰڣԼҴææǣһ񷿰СֿС
ҶԼţڵҪӦȷڵأҵΣյĳ뷽跨ȳȥԼֻ֣κһ֣ǳԲ˶ߵ³ӵжĸڴˣԳĿرȻܣҪĿʵ֡
ҶӶԳĻϲ⣬ڼһʱԳôȻܵίʱΣա
϶ͷأ书ӦòͣҲй龳ֶΣҵ⣬ڵҵ֮˵·Ρ
϶ͷҶҲΪԷߵı¡
ҶԼҪģǸҰź·
Ųɳɳ˳ŷҶһС˱Ų񷿼ж
ҶغΣڶԷŽݵ˲䣬͵ش˹ȥһָ㵹˶ԷϽ֮󣬵һһرʵСӣʲôʲôȻ׵ӽ쵶ӳС͸͸磬֪
СֻǱסѨʱŵû̱æصͷ
Ƭ֮󣬲񷿵ķٴδ򿪣С˵·ҲüΪͨҶһ˳
һ䣬ҶTMDһȻкüŪԵľôô
Ŵ˱صĵط֮Ҷ֪СȡǰģүᣬǰԺڲеĳҲǰԺҶڵĶԺ֮ڣﵹǿһˡ
СӵסѨ˺ϣҶԼĿȷ˽Ŵˣ˳ҶŶӵСӣȥԺĳŪԵġ
ŲסҶ׾ٵػ쵽˳󷽷˽ȥûκ˵Ļɡ
˳Ҷȷһˣ˵СӣиˣǱһθҷԡ
ϾǶӵд˵ĳҲ׼˴ʳģΪٿᣬЩ˵Ļʳ¥ﶩģ˵صгӶǰԺæ
ҶһڣȻҵ˲ʳռһѵʳͻͷҵСԵӣбĲҶЩʳо׼һȡ
ոնʱ͵ͷһҶû˵˳ƾԱһһɫӰ˲£һָ˸ա
ԷһβͣȻδأһŤٿȻҶɾ䣬Ϊ٣ҶȫʢʱڣҲ˵ṦʤԷ
ڶԷһָҪҶѨϵʱҶ͵һȵ棬һβ˲䵯һǣŶԷϵҸ£ԷӦһ֣ȻԼײҪѨ˶Է͵Ϯ
ɶԷּǿ˵ͣͣ˵˾ˣۿǰͷ赲ȻڼܵӰһܿҪѨָһһֱָҶ
Ҷĵ״һһƨڵϣ䲻ݷرܿ˶ԷָԷ̫죬쵽Ҷѱĵزһ֮䣬ԷȭͷѾǰһζԷּأȻѾڵĻᡣ
ҶڶԷȭͷϮ˲䣬лἱȳڣ
ԷȭͷʱͣʱҶıֻвľ롣
ٿȻջ֮Դһŵر鿴ҶҶӣ㣿TMDô˵ղҲ㣡
ƨ㵹Ǹ˵Ļᰡ
ҶĨһѶͷϵĴ󺹣ղһֻ˲䷢ûκο϶
Դ޳һѱסҶò޳Ҷӣ㻹ţ⼸ҶˣڰǣӦȥġ
ҶΪжȰİɣҸʦȻǸǣ˼Ҫһʱǲλɰġ
Դ޲ɳһЦŶͬʱʵô⣿
һ㶣ٴЦ
֮ڣһȷһ߸ԽԼһʱ齻һ˾ȳŵ֮Ҷɵ̾һȻ˱Ҳǲֵ׿Գˡ


020 ־
ҶԴ޶˶̾һ
Դ޵˵ͷŵʮÿҶĵǸŵųҳִɱ¼ѾûʲôǲҸɵˣľѾ˼ȶ񻯵ĵز
Ҷ˵ͷĬƬ̣ʵô
ԴͷҲ֪
֪ҶЩĻش
þǺãǻⲻ֪ʲô
Դ޽͵ȫûͷԭϵƻκֻ¶ڣΪһʦȻѰôʮƲûж񻯣Ȭ˴롣ֻʼնûһΣ¶̵þˣѾ˵󡭡
Դ̯̯֣ң¶ȾԲӦóϣֻڿعϵʱ촽ԹǸ¶ȣ㱻һ죬˵£Ǹ¶й֮޲
Ҷ룬ǵõôǼҵġιǿ˽״̬ڵľԪϵơȻһָ񹦣ҲеڶƵĹŴǧ꣬񹦾һţҲǼпܵ顭
Դ޵ôһ˵ҵһЩãҰ˴ȥҪȫĵطסγ͵ʳαװٺãҲᱻ˷ֵ֡ĸ̫࣬ȥͻ¶ˡ
Ҷһ㶣Цһ̶ָͦҾء
ˣ
ҶŰԼһ˵˳Ķ飬ԼԼһǣǶԷչ׵Ĺϵö˾Թۣ⡣
Ҷ˵ڵ⣬ԴҲǴΪͷ
Ƕ֣ܳɹֻ¸ڱȻѲڵʵҵĲ䲻סˣǾˣһԮȥ
Ҳôġ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣һҪˣòҪֿأȶ֣ҰγҰ˾ȳٰ˺ǼеһȻȥԮĿĳʱȡһ뿪
Դɻʲôƻ
Ҷ֣Դ޶һֹ
Դɫ̾˿ȻЩðգҪ˰ȫȫȥҲֻôˡ

ʱ֮󣬶ԺһϼӿܵС¥ſͷˣȥûжã´ӷ˳ȥһж糣
һ򣬼Ӱӷ뿪˴˵أŲԶĲֿǱ˹ȥ
ҶֽŸɾһֱס˷ڵˣ֪ǱгδκˣҶȺ˵İΣвͷȺڱοܵ£һʱ䲻ᱻ˴ţǿԲɫתƣṩ
һֿ⣬ҶСӳ
Сӵı˷֣Ȼص˸ߴĲݶ֮Уܵʵʵ
磬û
С˷ܵس˳˶д󰭣ܹͨ˴˼߹ǣ֮⣬ϵûһ˵ġ
ǵʲô£ʻĲҶǱɻؿϿµԴޡ
λӦγƺͨɫʹ࣬Ȼǿ壬ʵ
˴γУһУֱɱܹͨˣֻһΪûг֣ûˡ
ͨȻмԴ޳ȻΪɣ׽͡ԴǱҶҶҲ˼Ļɡ
Դ޵˵ʵԴޣǡСӥչĽֵܣųС˴ѣҼҶϣȻԹۡŶҲǶлλֵָлλ
ͨʵչүֵܣҵ֣ô֪ҼСµģ
ԴЦȻҼҶָ㡭
չүˣʱͨŴ졢ϽǶһľȡ
Ⱥ˵λòͰ
ҶаЦֵصû뵽Ǳ˷ֱܣСֶͦ
ҶԴ飬Ȼ֪СӥչҲ嶼УһʱûҲʲô⡣
ǵȻϧ类Ҫסֽţֻ³ȳСΣˡ
ͨȻĶĻɣ˼ðվˣʱ򲢲ٸʵ׵ʱ
鵽ΣͨƬ֮󣬱֪˴š
ԭҲǺܼ򵥣Ӵ˴εдһԭĸ֣ҳ𣬶Ե߼ȳӣԸΪЩ衣
֮䱬ͻȻȥˣʵƢΪǿԲϣҪȥû뵽ڶߡδһͻȻ֣˲ֱͨӷóҰ˵вͷյģȻ޴档
˴ǰĵ֣Իʸ̩˵ǼȵҪˣƽװα߶ҪֱǿвС㡣ǵ߶ΣհԴ޻˵
˲ɵøԵͷǰ龰Ϊġ
ҰͨѾ˲֣ܶʣµļʲô¾ȳأ
ҶҪغΣȴ϶ͷϢˡ
϶ͷ˾ʣ˶ʺš
үүľְСӽ˵ƴҲأģ
Сƣ˿ҶɫǹŹ֡
ôСôԴ̲סҶ
ҶһЦСƲӢָ̡
üˣȻǸ϶ͷ书Ҳ˵İ֣СӾ͸ңһȥӦһ϶ͷ
С֮
תһ˵ѣһעⲻҪ¶ݺҪ˷֣¶ԴҸΣˡ

ڵᲽΪҵʱ̡
ƺ֮ʣΨжұ̨ǳۡ
ࡱٹĿĹˣŶʵ£΢šµһ輧ĳ֪ںδأ
һ̨¶ʱһÿ˶һεģЩ֣ҲǴȤ˹
һԴС裬ӵ峤պһȣһ˺ҧһߴ˽ܣǡµһ輧Ѿݲؽ˰ɣ
ĴҰõйԱһıģ˴ֱɵĻҲЩҰ˲Ż޹˼ɵ˵
ʸ̩ŹЦȻλĪСױƬ֮ҪΪλһ裡
˶ʱȸԾѡ


021 㣻
һϯʱڳ֮˻ȸԾʱڱݽһ輧ʩִȣЦ˳֮⡣
ʱһּٿȻֹŵȻŻӳʸ̩ɵµ
ȫȻ侲ŵĵز
Ǹû뵽ġҪ
ǰԻλоļλ֮һӻʸ̩ͬˮľŻӣȻݹ٣⽫һײ
ڹԱɫ䣬ࡱٹͶӻʸ̩Ŷ˿ȥ
˶û뵽Ȼλ̳ֵĶּ棬λŻӲԸ˴ôܲأ
ӻʸ̩ɻ֮ɫƣһԵĻҦ浣ֻλ΢΢һЦռй͵ţܲǾŵء

ӻʸ̩˻뷨ڶԷԼͬеַɴΪԼ̷ǸĴ֧֣Ȼұ¶κεĲ죬ʱĴָԼ֮飬һתͷ˲䣬۵ȴһ˿ŭ֮ɫ
Уһӵ֮ڡ
ͷ֮ǾŻӻʸ̩ɣüʸ̩мƣĿ˫ĿøǸ˶ֻһ˫ָò侲֮΢һЦĻʸ̩γԱȡ
ֻС벽ǸӢΰͣһ۾װֱǹݱƽͱơȴֻ߶೤Ϊֵǽβһž޴飬ƹ֮⣬ҫ۴ʱע⣬Ǽλ֣ǴȤ׷ս⣬֮ˣ˲ϳ˱ǱڤĴ󽣿֮һġ̫ڤ衣
ģһŮ
еı峤θߴһԱۣرŮıðǧӢˬ壬ǳעĿݲֱƻҦ浣Ƿ˺ߵӺݻ󣬵ȴ˶Էûеս
֮ǰ˸Ľ졣в嶼صȨֻɨһۣ㿴춼ͶЧ˾ŻĴͶЧͬ˼ȫǾĴ
Żӻʸ̩ɴӱ߾һССУξۻˣ˳֮⣬ǳ͢һʵȨȨĴ󽫾Ͻ֮ϵùٱʵΪӵǻľС
ӼԷ̣䡰˴ҡ֮һıڤվ˶ֵһɵЩ
Żӻʸ̩վſһЦɨһ۳ڵļα˶ӵӵ֮⣬ȫ֮ӡ
ŻӵǿͰԵǳģ˼ͶЧӣҲΪԷĹĿ꣬λүֻǵ鷳͹˺һˡ
Żӿ˹ʸ̩΢΢һЦҪվӭӣȴԱߵҦһ֣ذס֪ذ
ŻӶ˸Զֻǻ࿴ŷЦȴûȳһʱüΪźΡ
ࡱٹ̾һãλŻҪֻûʰ˾档
뵽˴Աߵ̲ͤ˸ɫȺվٹһЦ߱߹ʩЦŵˣ˵ȵúÿ࣬÷÷
Żӿšࡱٹϲ˿ɫٿͤɵǳһ˿Ц⣬ͤ⡱һ£֪ԼѾŻӼסŪýͻ²̨
ٹһ·ʩ񣬾Żȴǿһ֮󣬱㲻ǣŪòΣԷ˲棬Ūĵ׵ŭҲЩѹֲס
ŵ£
ٹһãʸ̩ĬȻ
ɫЩӲŵܼȿǰβʹΪΪһЩӢۺܸŵأ
ʸ̩֮ɫƵͷţžŻһֻʤĿȸչ¶ԼΪë
ӵ˲ŶʢŻߵȷЩƵ
Żӻʸ̩һЦ˳ֱ̨
ŻҶһӸ¶ɫаƾϾοºܣо壬㻹Ҳǰ
ʱ˿̣ڵˣΪλүᰲȵ̨ҲĿλ֮ϣû뵽䣬ȴǱֱӵλ˹ȥ
˶Ȼ֪Ϊ
ЦɣȴЩǿ
ŻϹҿĪ΢Ц̨ࡱٹʧɫһԵͤΪ˱ʾģͻȻǰһȵŵ²λǱߡ˵Աһָδȶԣʸ̩ȥһţһͤСһ߳ȥɾ룬۵һѪˡ
ɫڵر࣬ԼԼţŻӵѾһˡ
ԭ޿̣Ҫ쭵ĶȴҦקסôһλǸĸԣʸ̩Ҳ¾ŻӶԼ
ûз𣬶ȻŵܣΪˣļ﷢ôƢЩɣ
û뵽ǣŻһЦԶӵӶתעһԵҦϣһЦݵ̩ɽӵżˡǺǣû뵽겻øƯˣҲԸ˲ٰ
һ֮ڣ˵Ȼ
̫ˣŻӾȻ˵棬Ϸ˵ӣԷǷǸĴˣӵĻԼɩɩ
ŻӵĿѾ޼ɵĵز
㡭
һζӴ󶯸λ͵վɫͨ죬ָžŻӵıӾҪƿڴû뵽ҦȽЦһȻŵǰЦ벻òûбأ컬ءȺ۵ǰҲ±Ц
ǷǸĵ˼ȣû˶ԷļƲߣǴʱŻƿڴʱһǧɣ˸ֻѿ֮˴
ŻɫһţһЦԿǵɩѵļǣŵ֮ǰѶ˼Щˡ
˵һת˦ֱԱߵĿλ
ӴʱɫѾָƽ·ղŵûзȻ֮ǰĺЦݣУ㹻ҲһĪĸо
ӼŻҪҲϯͻȻŵ

ʸ̩ɫݵתͷ
ӴɺƵЦݣȵ˵ŵܴˣǸĹϯλŵܵϯλף
Ŷô˵ε˱ҵݻҪඣŻ¶Цص֪ܵܵƢǸӢֵֻۣù٣ֻͽֵֿܷܵ쭣ӡ


022 òս
óŻβμᣬǻŵҵ˼ֻҪκεĻᣬᱻһ
ܹŻǰ磬ĿıǸԷһ֪֪ԼһʵǿʢϴѹԷʱԷƵ̬ӷ侲ŵĪ㱣֤λαȻһһӢۣʧġ
ŵģŻâһ˵ͷˡȻã
ʱƽһ˵ͤѾ̧˳ȥࡱٹ֣ˣ֣Ͼƣ谡
ͥٴλЦһɨոյγ档
ת˲֮䣬տȥǢ
ʱ˿̣ŵͻȻٴγ﷼ݵ
˷ܻ¶˵ľŻҲ¶ɫ
ȫˣĿתŴɴ۾׷ҪʶһµĵһŮµһ輧

򣬽͵ñϳСǱϢҲסʦǸȼĸ֡ҲСһ˴룬׿ҲɻأһӦСӽȥŻɡģһӦġ
Դ˵һѷϻ֮ݵһҶǰΪһӰʧڷ֮䡣
Ҷ̾˿ԼҲ֪ʱðһգһʶݣֻԼһ˶Σ֮С
ܻС˵ĽҶȣӶԺԺȥ
ԺԺ֮䣬бԺһ԰Ҷ뻨԰ʱӭۣҶæͷܹɻأϾ֮ǰѾûбκεĿ֮ҶԭҲûκεĽһǰš
û뵽ǣ۷ͬʱ˶ͬʱסһվסؿҶ߽
һԳȵι㣬վס
ҶвɵһԼ⣬æЦؿ˹ȥ˵Сܼλ磬֪ʲôָôﻹæýСܡٺ٣Źȥء
ȥƨһСǼ鳰ɣ֪Ժµû͵ĻǲܵԺôһضҿԺĹϷ֮⣬˶̲Ǹ
Ҷ֪Լ˺δͷʾ֮⣬˿ԷţȻʺ϶вͬ
ԶԶԣСĸʱ̫żˣͻȥͻȥ
̾һùҶͷ˻׼ת䣬͵͵Ǳйȥ
û߳һҺĽŲһҶ﷢ʲô£һȺūţСеģĪɣ
һ˾Ȼǵйһ֮Եͳɳźһ£Ǹñӳջڣһ
ҶвɵôùʱֻװûԴСߵȥùһȺĺĸڻһϰ£ý
ҶǰӱһߣԼɳͷĻǸˣȻ֪أûҲԺﴳٺ٣Ϸ²ɳͷͷҪúѵһ
죡㵱ǸͷѰµôTMDҲҶӣԼϷĿбԼȥ
ҶһϲǼҧһɣҳû뿪Ƿ֮ء
ۼ뿪⴦С԰ͻȻջĺǸūţôվס
Ҷһãװûס
Ҷ֪鲻ʱ߾͵ó⣬æվϴֺõЦ⣬תͬʱ۽ܹۿ˵Ҷͣ½ŲλãС·Աһ֧Ż׼ܵλ֧õȫһմϸ߶಻ĳߵĳ̣պøĳһ¡
ҶعͷָָԼıӣɻʼλүڽСô
ջߺߵԣ㣬TMDëԽԽܣ
˿ҶֻǱ˼վסˣͷһֵ̿ģǸǸոСļڻȥͣûע⼸λүٻ
ǻͷɳüͷһ壬˵ͬ㹷յûеĵôиūŸʲô
ǻͬæȥͷ죬ոΪҪпԱͼı죬ԺϷΪȻŵĹضСӾȻûͱӲԺʮֿɰ
ҶĿԷȻѹúܵͣùĶ䣬ԷĻ֮󣬶ʱдǲòӲһˣĬˡС๦֫ٺڵ֮ڣʱ㹻ʹá
ͬĻ֮ɳҲ۾һָҶɭȻԣɵιСӸҹ
ҶӲͷƤٳǰĥ֣ǣү
Ҷľٶʱ⼸ŭ죬һ㵹ǹѽôԶĻҪôүֱźߺŲɣûйūţTMDūŶᵱô
ҶæͷؾϹһ߼æ߹ȥͬʱԴＱ㣬ۼԷֻɾ룬ҶʱѾ⡣
Էۣɳʵ˵ֻǺ۷壬۸ڵΪԼֻҪŵɳţ˵Ȳûκεв
뵽˴ԷѾֻ룬ҶͻȻһᣬһӳԱ߾͵˹ȥͨһˤԱߵĻ֮УһŽ׺ۣһ͵͵סһ͡
TMDСܰԼô
Ǽʱƿڴаͬڣͬʱ˹ҪڵصҶϺݺݵţ
үү
Ҷһפأ
һһţҶһ㣬ƺһʹһֱԷײһ£űײ÷ɳ
үҴˣɱСˣ
һҶַһλУүү鰡
ƺһƣҶųͬ
ͬ飬ү첻㣡
ԳҶȥһ͡
ҶһͬǰͻȻ򵹣Сȡ
ʱһֱԱЦɳͻȻеһ˿ԾϾȻӯš͡ˮ۵¶һվţɵøе죬ʱ۾Ȼּ䲻ݷض㿪ͬճȥһƣ֮Ӧ֮ɳű
ԷǿƲס壬ŵԷ֣˲㿪ͬĹ


023 ձ
Եеľʱɳжϳ̶ֵȡ
㿪
ɳ͵ذγ䳤ʱֻͬɻػͷһۣôһ˲䣬ǰ˵Ҷ͡ৡһӳǧɫӰǰվͬɳš
ɳŰγסϮ֮ʱеһâѾ͡һͬС˽ȥббϣ͸࣬͸
ҶַɳһƣͬʺϣĲҽ˲ѹǻ֮ڡ

ɳŵĳʱٴ֯ЧķҶͷ䡣
һ˲Ľֵ֣ʵѾɳ
ҪϣԷȫ֮£ҲǺ۷Ϊ쾳ֵĶأ
ȻµɥɳŴ󶯸λ𣬵һ˲жȻ¶ֽԷֲܻԼָӲɥĹ˲ľҲٲ³
ɳƴǰ书΢ѱǰı仯ŵƨתӱܡ
׼Ҷκһѣ
ָڹ۸ոתܳȥʺĺδ㱻ʯƿԣ
ʱɳȫһҶ˸ţӦϣɳϵЦ˲䵴ֲɱֶξˣΪȻһ
ֻЦһչ˲䣬Цݱϡ
ѵͲûдرն̻ͬһ㣬˲ۣһ˲侹ȻӰ쵽ߡ
ˡأ
ǰмɳŲŷǰסԼһ̿Ͳټ⣡
ͷͷɳűͷһ𣬻ͬƵ̵ĺˮһкΧķ̼߽⣬ûüԷһֻѾ͸˻ݺݵץͷ֮ϡ
ɳŶֻǡᡱһ죬ȫضסˣ֮ʧȡ֮ģһƬĺڰ
ҶڱԶԿֵ£貨΢תԷáڤ񹦡ƿԷķá׹צӲ˶Էͷǹǣȫ£ת˲ɱһ֣书֮տӦּ֮УѾͬգۺһĴݼףΪһΪܳľ֡
þûƴĸоˡ
ҶʧһЦؿһȣܿƵسŵڻ۶ȥ
ҶһæáǴ󷨡еɢھɢȥȻڵϵСȥ˲٣ϵС΢΢һٴͻƱıԵ
⣡
ҶƿڴȴǶԷǸ书ɻĪ
ҶһԼǿʬ弯е԰ԱߵĻ֮Уһˮ֮ڡ
ˮԣԼ̶ֳȣӦײᱻ˷֡
ҶƷɨڵһɳڸסѪڰдһתõķȥ
Ƭ֮󣬱ֵ㵹һֵʦԼαװö֮زõĲ֮ڣʦ֮С
ƨɸոȣ㴫ٵĸ߳﷼ݵ
Щʦüɫ裬̧ͷҪһ⡰µһ輧ͬʱµһ˵ľݡ
ʦǰĹæ֣ϲԽ˵ҵˣ֣
Ҷһգӭ֮֡͸ϵľһжʵҰ֮УһָָھƿһСҶ͸ϸСķ϶ڵü²ơһŮĳˡ

תУһλ˫ʮ껪绪ľˣɾ·Ӱǰÿ˵ĺΪ֮һֹҶеĺҲէȻһȣֻ仯ڸҵУȴ˿Ĳۡ
֮ڣŮĿⶼܴߵ뿪
Ҷֿ÷ѩͬľգͬκαԵߵĸ߹ʣֻ÷ѩɽϵһϡ÷壬ֻԼǰչ¶ص᣻ȴǴһȻĶʣ޳ȳƵΣ̬ǧľֹ飬˵Ƕܹǵˮ˫ͫʱüĿԴǳҲĵʩΪԼˡ
Ҷ䷢·رÿģγһ㷲׵ķ̬ӯӯȷûֵܵסġ
µһ輧ҲµһŮ
ҶƵòеĿĶˡ
Ǻø
˵ˣҪȡֲǡ
ǰų֣ŽӲʤĳ橲֮ڣ澣һһ٣ݸ߹ʵ澶ǷǸĸ֣ȫԳļ߶ѡ
Ⱥۺֹ
ʱ䣬һƷ䱡ɴµĳǰ֮󣬾ôϵظ
λҶǰ͸ϵСʱԷơûʩ֬۵͸죬֮κŨױĨҪÿǧٱ
ʦ׼ŶԷˣƮɵĻ¡
ȣ
˪࿮
˪ȥ磬ơ
벻⡰µһ輧˾Ҳ˳ԣȻдг԰Թȴ迴ǽԼ񣬵ȴűŮľͷһܼζǻɸûаֿɹ޵覴ã϶˵ˣ˭ܲΪ֮ݡ
Ǹˣڳһ֮Уת˵ɤ͸ͬĳǻֳĳַḻˣ׽ζͻش˰ˣ߿Ѫţȵĺ˵ȫڸǡ
Ҷֳֺգ趯ϸȻҵشΪ֮־ڸǡ
ձǱԭϵӦֶ֮УдЩԭֵ֮٣δ֮лдյĴʦڡ
Ҷͨɣ֮䴵ίˣ˺Ѹγڵе֣֮ǰ˸Ҳ¶֮ɫʱúռʱͬʱݣĿ¶֮ɫ
ǳƫƫĳиڻ˼Ѫ𣬶ʱһ䣬Լø߿ʹ֮аžǿķ
֮Ϊ֮˥첻⽵룬زʹҷʱɸѰ·Σ⹲̳Ұ²ʢ־ˣ⵱˭һһģķԹ֪
˸һýԾ


024 ϯ
ʮġȻǡʮġ
֮ϣǰȻ˷Եġʮġдձʱݳ󵶹ǵͷϿȥһĳ˵жԺͷ̵ζ
ʮġ״ǰʵ£ｭɽһƬĿǵʱȻֻһĿ޾ıԹ֮飬Ҳ̺һġȻ֮ԹίȫǱΣһĻܣһ־µķ
֣㷺ġʤȻ֮Թӣˡʯļֵ׺ͿȻı׳ػӶʹĻѪƣȥ
ʮڻǰ̡ȻĿ֮󣬵ڳܲסԱģ˻رĻŵ
Ѫ𣬼ȸлԼˣַߺ޳͢ܣͬʱּʿԵ黳
յ֮ʺϴ˸裬һתҶȻȻ֮࣬ʦԼͬؽתΪ֮С
˵ȷ̳͢ĸһ𣬶ӡٹ˶ʱֱ壬һｹ֮ɫǶŭɼžƱָýӲ԰ףΪάûд󶯸λֻЩĵ˵ʱɨӹȥԹɫ
ŮˣջҪ԰
Ȼɨ˳һۣ۵׵ɱһš
УѪ֮еĳޣڴ£ӻ˵ѪмЩĺ߹ص佫ǣѾʼ׸ߵҲ
ǾŻڵˣǱڤҵıڤ裬ЩΪ佫ӵܣһȻ֮ɫеˣǱң֮ĳޣżʷǧꡣ
رǱ峤۵꣬һɱ⣬һڱ֣˲Ƶɱ⡣
ǣڵĵ֣ղİʷӣİպŮ沿նȫһ͵ζ޳Ӻ͵⣬ͷ·ԭ޾ѵıǺ޹ϵһ㡣
һҶУҲһĺɡ
Ժһˡ
ٿֹ
˺ðκȫŷԾط޻ǡ
Ż͵վƣֻ̾ӦУ˼ǵüšã˸ã֪Сɷٳһ顷׳һʳ
ž
͵һ֮ϣղİʷɫ䣬ɭȻȵŻӣרҵʿôǴ⣬ֱԣʷǼҵԸս
ǺһŻγѵ㲻ɣ
˱һʣʷԵļڸҲǱгʣֺŭĿӣյʱüΪš
ڲһɻҶ֣ȴͻȻȻ֮ǰ߳ʮġûߵĵ⣬Żһ˵顷ȴǵõ߼ĵ⣬ҪԭΪ̺˼
ʮġԵ֣ھ֮µı裬ڵߵǲͬܣֻʤߵݿʧߵЦ
顷ͬǻԶʤʧǡ԰ƵĶ˵ڣһΣʧߣʤߡ
Ե߳ʮġʱ򣬵ǱֵüΪȻЩϷʣŻóݳ顷ȴǴǵ񾭣ʶȻ
֮ڳŮ沿ն֮⣬պĵ֣ǷȻվͦνʱᶯ֡
ձõ̫죬ࡱٹͶӶǷӦز֪ƽϢʱķ
ӿԵҦ浣ڵŮ𣬴ʱһƽԵһˮƣʩʩȻغ
򶨣ӻʸ̩ŷһƽҲǵ˱ˮƣһٹʾһ£һһ
ʱŻ͵طԾ᳡еĿյ֮ϣŵڸһ֣Ȼ¡š׿̵书
ڳ˶һ㶡
š
ǲǰǰļôһε巸ߵսУʦͽѪս껹䶯£벻֮󣬴֮леӴ¡
ɱĹӣҹպһǻ𣡡һȣղλϣʷһʿ˳ߴѿͷĶƲСӼͷ˦ȥ
ղĴ󺺹պԽڶһһ䶶ͷһöͷСǴ֮ǰһֱϵ࣬ʱһչǿԶɽϬ
Ǳŵ׿ҧгݵصȵҪʿһ£
ͦҪǰ֣
˶ڼ˻Ǳ;Ȼһ裬лδĳһŮй˼ɣ˽֮䣬Ůŵûʧɫ
ߣ似ȴƽƽǰͬʱͷм䣬˲ã˫һĵʱ嵹ڵأɫ԰׶˿Ѫɫ
Ҫ
ոֹպȹǴźХɳӳͷһҵ罫޷ңڵϴµһŮǣڳУȲʱȺ𡭡
׿һгǰһһ죬Ǵ߸ߵͣƽƽǰһ˲룬ͬʱгնâƥɳնСȣͬʱľٴνĳƷɳȥǱԵ
ַ·ûпһ㣬ڳ֮ûƴɱһ𣬳ͬеĺһ㣬˿ܿסԼΣҷɵʱʱأ׷ף¶ٷۣ˵ĽøӷҲ¶ɫһı䡣
ĻҦ浸ЦǰϣΪѵһĳƽкãʲôµһ輧ʲôµһŮͬʱĳֵֻ֮Ĺ߰ˡ
ʱԼһ㣬û˿ĵֻֿ֮˰ڲб֪
һԲڵҶʱֻһаֱţΪչĹϵĶˣļˣʱ裬Ҷܹܵס
׿պϵıٴײһʱȻһ죬ľֽǽƬѵľͬҶһƮ˲볡֮ڣ˲˷ĸͷųڱĶ˷ȥ
ҶڼΪļ֮䣬ȴǼΪѸٵ˳֮ڣһǴ󺣹һĳЯߣ紩һ˼ȦѾ˳֮⣬ʯ֮䣬ҶѾȳΣ֮ء

һ׿͹պϽƬͬʱϳصһǰһԭΧڵĵĳѾ࡭
ֻһתת۱㵽˳ΧԼǱһδӵԭޱȵִӶҹι֮ǰǰ̹ǵʹ
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Ҷͷ΢΢һЦѹ˵ɩҼҶչǾء
ϵɫʱùŹЩϲŤʵչң
ŮСŮ̬ҶҲһ㶣леúؾãƺ˵⡣
һжת˲֮䣬Ҷ־ȳ˳սе׿͹պ϶˶˵ҶոձֳʵԶڶ֮ϣ׿һʱͣеĹƣһԵĹպȴô룬Ҷͳս֮λþһʱŭԷĽϣպϱŭһתһ֣ǴһֱɹҶԴȥ
Ҷ˳ְ˳ͷϵķС㣬һã
΢Цǰһתơʩչ̩ɽһش絯˵ϣһ£ȥϯİʷӱ˹ȥ
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һУղͷ찢ʷһȭӳǴĴͷ֮ϣȻУǴͷֱƬ·ɢ
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岿峤չ¶Ȼͬ죬ڳٻ߶¶ɫ˸֣ԭУҲǼΪټ˾ԳƵһʦԭ֮У˵֣Ҳսʵ֡
Ҷ֮٣ֵ̽ʵǳɵð̾һ˵һѣԼһʱΣǴãӲƴ֮£Լ֮
Сֵ֣֪ܺγƺأ۶ҶŻӷһؿسѯ
ҶȻСɲұҾʦˣ֮ϼ㱨֣Ҳʦٰ֮ˡ
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ٹɫʵ书ȴֻǸʦ㵱Ƕǰ׳ղɣ
ҶǺһЦӻͳոùĺգ۵ش˸Цǲǰ׳С˿ɲ֪Ǹʦȴû
ǸոմյʦһֱɫնͻȻ˵ĺմúܺãĺܺãлᣬŮ沿ͣ˵Уմõһ
Ů沿ͬڱĵ壬ȻڵͥȴƫӶһ磬ڷ£ʸĵ岻ͬ뻪屬ͻٵĵ岿ˡ
նһղİʷӺİպͶԵӵĿ⣬ԭϵķǻ峯֮ϵȨһ㣬ɲǼǵѪӰ
ҶҪػ䲻֮·˸һһ㣬ͬʵʵı֮⣬֮С
ָо֮ǰ׿ѹҪϼⱲ
֮УҶٿȻתȥſڴһˣĿɶø
Ҷ쳣֮֮ڵļ֣ͬʱͬҶһ㣬뺧ȻſڣǸطģԲˣһѵһѷı
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Ӻٹæӭӣ߳ȥʮ룬ȴͻȻеЩÿ˿ԼҪ˵ʲôȴԥζ
ӺٹҲ书֣ת˲֮˲ףһͷոջһ˵ϯϣѾȻһˡ
˿ȥѮͣ۽ľ磬ɫԺڣݼ㣬΢΢Щ߱ĿģȻ˵֮⻹ѪͳӴżζ˵޼ɵɢ
ǰһסͷһۣͨɫ¶̫ˣԭͨһ޶
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ἰѦѦĹСӻûһģ
ȴʧѦĹ˿û¶֮⣬ֻںԼĸܣʵ㣬㻹ɱңΪʲô
ΪʲôҶԴѪͻͻֱģ̲סʧһЦɱ㣿ףԼô
ѦĹɫʱø
裬ǷŭǼʣš
ӵһԼ֪ԼǸʲô뷨ȺĿ⣬ͬһϣһɲǵĳ裬εԾ¡
겻һСӣԼڽ裬񲻹꣬ѾɳΪһɼȾ̸ֶܲЦ޵ԼڶԷУһп޵Сѡ
ʱɼƮ˳ȴ·ÿ˵Ķ𣺡ҶС˵úãסպռɼ飬ֻгΪøǿ̤ʯǵ塭
߳ãҶԶԶذ˰֣٩غ͸λԶͣذɣ
ȴ˿ûа취ֻоŻˬʵĴЦѵк
һãһɹԴһ֮ɫֳץסҶ´ֱüһɼȻˣҿǲİУнˣ
Ҷžظץ½һƣŭޣӻҪǧءɩǰˣ
Դ޻ȻתЩδĳɩ֣Сܲġ
ֳ˾ռһϹ˾ǰ
ʲôǰ󱲣˵ЩʱôϽߡ
׼ˣȥԺֱһ뿪
Ҷһ·ɱڹȻ˸ǡ


029 
֮Ⱥ۾ɢ
ӻʸ̩ӲЦݣҪȫԷݰסֻһЩعšƷع鸮ۡһƬֻڵ֮Уֻ棬ȴһ˿˿ѹ֣·˶ڵʲôʲôڴʲô
ʸ̩Ц棬ࡱٹڲ࣬ڰ׵ԱŻعԼ˽ռ鷿֮ڡ
ʱλ֮ϣҦ浣ϸŰϺñСɽһĸʽ¡ʸ̩źٹ·ϰһУһԵĲ輸࣬
Ʒ໨ɵĲֻڻʸ̩ŵͣƬ̣Ȼ˵ϣһء
ǻ˶ӶºƵߣɫ쳣ǧġǡ벻ǸľԴȻĿ֮·ǵĵˣһҵĲһͷˣﻹӣһ£˵ǶӾȻõԼݶȥֱǸҷϣҷϣ
˵޴һԵĽ˿ľĲ輸ϣһ֮£ʵʱС飬Ե
ڶϵһ˲䣬ٹʩʩȻԼĲ룬֮֮ԼĲһ٣ţȻ
ݺһ裬ԭɼݵλϣϵӡҲں֮䵭һڲˮ¶ǣɼӡѾʧˡ
Ĳصٹһۣ࣬ʱʵڲףΪʲôһþֵ֣ʵȴƫƫϲװһūࣿĿ֮£ɼݣоͲô
ٹһЦʵΪҪΣ֣Ҵ򲻹ɼ֣л޴й˸εġ֮£̽ңֵʵɼҲҶ֣żҵŭ𣬺ҶִսһɡӴҵδɣֺαһʱأ
֪ٹͣҲû뵽Ȼ̵˵ز˵ڴܲһĻ
ε̾һĬĬڹꡱ
ٹǳһȣŶӹ֮£Ȼ棬ԶʧΪһ塣
Ŷ˻
ٹһ۴δ̧ͷҦ浣Ц΢챿еĹذǿУġԭΪԽĺá
Ҳԭ򣿡ӲͷӭҦ΢ЦݵӣҦɫһţٹ֪͵ģԼԽڶǰֵǷܹõκȨ
ҦЦٹ裬Ѵѵϡ
ٹҡ
Ҧ浽ŵʵܼ򵥣ɼȷΪԼĶȤζʱŹҶһˣҲԸǸ󽻶ʩСƽҶǿ嶼ڣǱʵǼ֣嶼Ǳһǳһݱǽһ˵ӡֻҪΧǿӣȫǸ֣ͻƵЩͶ·ѵȫҹ֮СԽ࣬ЩʼѵԽǲߣʱһγ׽֮ô
һĴȣҫһɨ֮ǰǷ֮飬˷ܵԼǣԼǡ벻ʦȻ¹ţչ棬һõҲãһΪǼϲ˰֮أԭǷųߵ㣬Ǽãúá
ȵ˰
ڣ
лּ
ҵּ⣬Ӽ嶼ʵʩ
ԱٹͻȻ£ûбȥ
ɫһѿתԸͲִˡ֪ͨͥξ߸̼࣬˾֮ڵԱȫǴϻ飬зҵټɱۡ
ࡱٹ˵ͷ߸ǱҪТʸͨһ£зǸڣ⣻ϹС߬̼Ҳ⣻ֻ
ֻʲôѵʣµͥξҲҵ
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Ǹ쵰һҲ֪ͤͤľŻӻʸ̩ɡ
һתԸȥ߾Ŷ˾δ𣬳˾Ŵŵİȫ֮⣬ʱͳͥξȫϣϸҵɵúˣպ࡯֮λˡ
ࡱٹʱһϲһ׵лΡϳδл£ʶƵ
ԭǾŶ˾δٹŮǶӵұ֮һ书ǿ꾭ʱ嶼书һĳƺţ嶼ڸֻ̼δδһܣڵĴ״Ӷ£ͷ޿ƥСҲΪ΢δŻᱻٹУ̶Ϊ׸Ϊһš
δʮͷ书ǷǱֻӳ͢Ҫְʮ˱ˡڶһת⣬ἰࡱһְδνٹһҶ豸ˡ
һ֮ڣͬʱγ͢ࡱ٣ѼҲѹٹм֣Ҫͷл״ε˵ʶƵͬıĻ
ٹʸ̩ŵѾôá
Ҧһ֮󣬵ʵһ֮ڣͬ࣬Ȩ˼Уʧƽ֮Ͳô
£ΪʲôҪ£ӺϾƷ˿ڲ裬ʩʩȻǵһƬҶδϾΣٹ۾һֽҰġĶڣǾþ֮ˡٹ书ֺγٹĵλأҸһɳĻᣬฮ֮ڵ׸أ

ҹݵСԺ֮ڣҶȼ˴ڻȱߵϣշ
һս벻ֻ鷳µĿˣյأȴ޿κΣ뿪ð벽
ģǳ֮ˣ͵űץɣ
ԴΪԹֹһ䣬ĵʹһ飬һĺۼ
ۣ
СһԾȵ̾Ϣţƨƨߵܹźۼͣ
壬ܲܽ̽ң
Сգգ۾ʵ
ֻаСӻܱͬĻ˿κεĺµ
ҶЦСͦİ
Դεܻȥ˵ɣ
϶ͷ˾ռһҪģֻǰરવسẓ́һԲ
Դ˾ͷ㵹˵

̴ֱ˸
˾ռСӣûûСʦ˶ô˵
Ҷڵϣƴ۵ֱӳʵ˾ǰ˵ڸô죿뿪ǲˣôˣĿ̫󣬳ȥֻųСһߣҲǲ嶼Ǿ͵ñ˽ɱοиԲѵ˰
˾ռļˣҳһӶܰѲӬ̾벻¥ôĹļһﶼ˼ƣҾǺջˮջˮӢһͷǻŮϣ
Ҷ˼ɵһô˵ûˣ
˾ռϿ˿̴ӣȻǻͿԼˡŴǧ꣬Ϻŵ񹦾Ŀǰ״̬£ӦĹйˡϲӦڼƷѧƷġת񹦡ഫŹֻŵųʸÿһתһ̥ǵĽɹܵõǿʡ˵ת֮ÿһתɱɹ֮󣬶¼صơŵ˵ʦ˱ת񹦣ħŽ֮Уħ桯ĦˣȻ޵תġ䡯
ҶԴ޶˵۾һʵôɹˣ
Ѫô
˾ռ˷ۣûɹʧˡʮ֮
Դ޶ʱʧܵľ㻹ʲôãͲ˵˵˭ɹô
˾ռҡҡͷصû˵˭ɹ
Դ޲㱻ԼĭǺ
ûɹ˵ǳô
˾ռٴαôͷɥɵúЦصȻû˳ɹȴδð¥һﲻɹʦҲǴﵽתƻ䡯ڱѾǵתġ䡯ˣν񹦹һˣҲĳҲ˵
ҶԴ޶ʱһ±þ
˵ǻҪ
䡣˾ռ죬˵
ҶȶתԴ޵磬ǲܸɵţûа취Ϣݳȥ
ԴһظȻֻҪɼң֤ܰϢݳȥ
Ա˾ռһֹӣ
Դߺߵûǣ֪ƢǸʦʥ޼ģҲû졣


030 ʦ
ҶקԴ˵æϢ³ʦҶҹ̣嶼ǼȻ벻Ͱøӽʵһ㣬˭÷ѵ㾢⹦³ʦ֮û˸ɵˡҶæһŵԱҲ˾ǰת񲻿գȻɼǱޣǾЩ̶ľĺʵɡ
ԴͷԱ˾ռȴһ㶣ɴ۾æʵ˵Ŀǡµһɽ³ͨ͡ҽʥҶô
Ҷͷλǰ
˾ռʱһϲͻȻ̾ҵƣǡҽʥˣҲ޲߰
ҶԴ޶һۣʵǺǰܵʲôˣ
˾ռСӵĴԴ˵ܵˣ²̫׼ȷΪֻҪܹתԻƫƫ޷תֻǿάڵľ档ȥ벻ò˶ãұҪ˱ڷˡͷܴƵףǺǣ˵Ȥǲ֮ǰ
˭
˾ռ̧ͷһʦ飡
ʲô
ҶɫͻȻüͻȻ֮ŷӦʲôæȥһץס˾ռ󣬽˾ǰ񡭡
˵֮󣬲˾ռͬ⣬㽹ֵ̽龿
Ҫ
ۼҶ壬˾ռʱŵѪɫ͵һ֣ûüֹҶçײж
ҶԼһ˾ռڣɲǼ÷ŷһеһƿͣ˲ȻһĻӶԷľбչת˲ԼԼͬһţ˲žȥ
˾ռ󺧵ģϱۣ
Դһʲô˵˵žҪ첲
˾ռû˵СӻͳǰԼ͸˼ҵذףҶĸ첲Ͷ
𣬱𡭡
Ҷ㱻Է貨΢˲˳ȥɾ룬ȴ⻮˸ϡãۿ˾ռҪ˹Ҷæ˦֣һɫˮδָ䣬ڿкȻһըסڡ졢ƣɫͬʱڿб˲˰СԺɫǵóҹһ󼦷ɹʾ֮ڶ
СӿһմƯ̻
Ҷ˦֣˾ռһµصҶÿ죬㱻ɲзϣ
û뵽˾ռɫøӼһѳסҶĲӣŭ˵СôжǶϵģ
ǶҶӺףɻʵ˵ǡô
˾ռ۾ʱɵԲ
Ҷ˾ռļȶһͬʱſԼĲӣŤͷԴ˵鷳һΣǵҲʦһˡ
ȻҶ˫ץס˾ռC᾵ļһǷʵ򽲽ôòġ
˾ռɫþ֮󣬷Žǰ˵˸š
ԭ˾ռ⵹ù¾ȻƹйأǴСµһȫš֮Ƶƹõ񣬰жԸԭֵġʦΪжǰƹһսɢˡ롰ħ桱Ħ֮Զԣ˫ò뽭һħսȻٴο
ħۡƵȻսĽ˴ʱδ֣Ըƻԣⱻħãɱ¾
ʱ±һҪ²ܹдʦʦãֻ˾ռϣĿĲɱ˴ʦֻܲסԷԭֵʱƳٰʱ䡣
㣬˾ռˡ
˫һսܹһС
ʮ岽ʱ鷢˾ռ˾ռʮɱĽǰһ֮䣬Ӷݣ˾ռ˶Էһƣڣչͬʱ𡿵ĻҲڣֻҪ˾ռһȻյøɸɾ
˾ǰȻˡ𡿣Ϊʲôɼʱг֮Դ
˾ռȻͷӼȻܵõµһɱ֡ĳνȻһϢķǼǱϢװ˵ͬĲ֮СѨܹվǱѨҪѨڵȫжϣøֲϵϢΪֻǸͨˡһ̾ҲΪŹҲܱ֮һβãæرҪ𡿷ڼڵڵùʹõġϧΪڵġ𡿻֣ͷû취йЩһһ㣬֮ǰɼļ£õ˲ļֻʣ·һʹһӽ𣬳ͷ·ٳָˡ
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˾ռϲСֵܸϿ˹ͷĶ
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ããã̫ˣ̫ˡ˾ռ˷ܵ㵸
δ˸˵СҲֱ
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ԴٵͣôֵĶ䣿
˾ռȥһ̴ŭСͷɱҲиģҲвòɱ֮ˣвò֮¡
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˾ռûصϹ룬ܵĺˡҼٷ磬ϧΪ˾ңӢţֻǹ¶ĸ˼䡣Ѱ˼ʮ꣬ίƹŲǺ˵ڣĵϱѾ˻֮Ҳ˹١ϧδüϣû뵽֣һСʣ˵硣ͷа˵ʲôҲõ⺢ٳ顭
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˲ɵ겻ѡ
ڴʱһ㶣תͷȥſڴһСסͣȦͨ죬תתģۿҪ
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Ҷ̲ס˸ĵУϱӺ翴ˣ˲øϷһͻ£䣡
Դ޴㶵վԭأǹëʲô粻ÿҪ硯ܲôã

Ҷһڲڣǡɼǰǿյľڶ㴫嶼ǵĴСѸɢ֮С
ǡɼǿǾʦˮƽԭǿǸĽһȼĸ֡
Ȼԭ˸ԸɢˡᲢۣԭ֮УһƹһɼҲǷˣ
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ȻֻĵʮλҲǡ񡱴ǧʱΪһλ
ϧǳ˳֤ʶ½ֻ֣ôƺȴûʵ
ʱٵع죬һգҹڵϽ⣬֨ѽ֨ѽһţţСΪţǸߴͣѪͳߴ·һСɽһ㣬´£ͬͭ
ϳӶǼΪ׳ֻһͨɷأһȴǴĻڣؿһԣƦ
ҹڵϽһֵ˿ûһǵգĽֵصɱ
ţ˳ҹ֮⣬ǴĸĴܲһĴֺţǰˡһţһɤŭˣдûУǣ½ٵǡ񡯣ʮλľ֣ҸɵҶʦˡдûУлŵûУдĸϽϸɳ·ˮý֣̺أӭ
һɤӣϽ֡
լԺ֮УԴҿָָ㣬ȴһ˸ڳš
Ŀ֮£ϳĺصͷţ֮ڣͬҲһε̾ƽԶɤ󣡡


031 п߶
ĺʱҲڼ֮С
泵ģк͹һˣҶġǧϻ
ûмˡ
ҶΪظһ¡ǧϻ⻬ı棬ǿ
棬ԼƷ߾ҲƷħĴڡ
ûûε绨У׸һ㶪ҶҶɽȴ׶ãƥ赣ɱ֮
֮ʣЩҲûô綼ڳҵƴɱʹ졣
ҶɫؼԼʦ֮ʱλ·İ׷˧ֻǵ˵˾䣺ģȥ
ôһ仰ҶһӵĻӲȫ˻ȥ
һִϷڣҶ˾ڳΪ˵ĳҲһԡ
Դ֪϶ͷԼ֮ԨԴ֮ʧȥ˵ĳʱҵ˼ҵĸо˾ռͬгһТʰػ
ʱϵ˾ռĴ£ܲڳء
򵥵ع۲һ˾ռƣ黺˾֣ƽǷʹʹķЩо
˾ռ˵ͷ
ǷʱҭáỹŻ󣬼Ҳʱὡ
˾ռæֵ˵ͷζԼĲ֢ʱʦͽĴ
仰֮üԱҶͷƺ
֣ųӯӯһʵ֪˾үүΣа취ҽΣֽģ֮ȴҲزסĽ֮ɫֻ˫ķ֮£Եۡ
鵹ǶλòļǿͬŮӼΪ壬Ҫһû뵽һԵԴޣĺӣԽðͷ׷ʵôˣ˾ͷֶзģԴòʹòǻ˰ɣ
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һͦӰ㷭۶ȥЦǺǵ̫ƣȥˣ
ĹٺһЦүǱˣóȥ͸͸
ҶһۣǸˣҲҹȥɣ
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·һ㣬ƨƨߵ˳ȥ
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СӼᶨҡҡͷ˵УҪŵ϶ͷҵȷû£Ҳߡ
ǸԺӡ̾˿
˾ռҲĲѵصͷ΢ЦˮЩתԼһ¿κ飬벻ͷиСһԼ˾ռʱϻο
ֻʱСȴüëָͷ˵϶ͷȥ괺ڹҵѹǮȥǮˣܹǮӣºʮ·ݵĹǮҲȥ˿šҵһ¿ӣ϶ͷ̻˸һõĲֽҲé޸ƨˡУС
˾ռҶȴƴЦǳضŮȴЦû֦ҲŶӰϰϲۡ
ȷӦεҡҡͷŵƶϲǡ𡿵Ļֲڵ֮ڣͣھѨС
۾ʱһ˾ռ̲סΪ˷ܣʵֿаգ
˵ͷ
Ҷæǰʦһ֮
ҶԴһǣЦС˼ֱ¾Ϊôʦõæʦʲôӣ
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ҶȴǲΪ´㶣ԭԤϣ˾ռڵġҲҪԼʦһǳɵʱɱӦֻ˵һ£ǾԼʦ书дѾԶԼˡ
ٴ´һ飬ȻԭۻϢѾõ磬ֹˮˣķӦǹȼѾﵽ˾ޡ߾磬ﵽ˷Ĵ֮ͽ
ǰ鲻ǹ龳ףҲǵڶ׵ģڿΣѾǵĸˮƽˡ
Ҷʱпϲ׵ͽϲʦ书
ЩǴ̸Ϊ˾𡿣

ǧǧʶ
һ֣Ҷֻǽ֪˾ռڵġ𡿾Կɾ
Сŋ翸󡱵ĴڣҶ˲ѧѧõѧ鿰ʮĸ֣ѧ֪֮ûмܼ
ͶԼСӶǵ˾ռİΣԸȥҶȴ֪ԼûʲôôȻ˳⣬һԾ˷
ҹڵ¥ռĹ㣬ͬʱ߶ҲǱ֮Χķ߳һأվ⴦ϣ־Ӹµĸоķᣬһʱ価۵ףԶ嶼ǾŴ֮һĴҲɼ
ǧΧ֣ʮֲ衣
һһʢ֮£˭֪Ŷٵķ粨ٵء
ԴҶҹǰֵȫˡǵլԺס˳͢Ĵڸ֣ߵ̼࣬Ҳ߸
ҶͷҲûأʵͥξأ
ԴڷϣŲ֪ݣʱֱӣ˿ڲ֭Ʀʮ˵ͥξͷǵ˴ùΪǰͷӶֻ̨ܸžŶ˾ıһ𿴿ţִ߽صѲ졣
ǲǺȤС
ǺУԴӺףɻֵðˡ
ŶΪʲôҶЩЦʵ
Դ޿˿ɫҼǵѲٶȣǰֵϵѲߣһӾһˣڣѾʱûһѲ߶ӾˣǱ֮ҲƹˤˣѲøˡ
ҶɵһЦ
ʱûѲЩһȵĴүǣҲܲ㵽һ͵ȥˡ

ҶɫͻȻһȻʵ磬ѲӰʱûоլԺеļԱҲõһ㣬һչ˲ɣ
ôܣղһиСӴǱߵĴ̽أǲǡףûˣTMDڵôʵͷһⰡԴһֹһҿ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷһ𣬲ŵػһۡ
˫ľ֮ɫͬʱʹ˸Ե۾
ãΣգҶ
ԴްεضŭҿɼԶҲ£˭ôŰ


032 
·ΪԴ޵һ㣬Դ޵Ļأҹǽ⣬ͬͬʱ߰һͷñĴ
һҶ۾ʱһѾϳһˣ̲סԭòĴôǱնϵ˫۽ôϼȻˣλҲȻǴ¡֮еλඣǹӣȻܹλȫԭҶĳʵְ
еλڡʦġݱͽҹݵλ⣬ֱɵλԵڡʦͳ죬ʦֱ£ھϳеġĴߡ
⡰书㶼ǹ龳һʦĸ֣Ȼɼвˡ
ĸڣ֦ͬһĴڵ˫͵һãһ˫¶ɮ֮⣬µֱ٣֮һĸָĿήצƬڣ⣬ڿݵҫ̵ĹâߵСǺˣȻϵñ
ô˽ѵǰ紦ն˫۵һôȻףСӵʱȴֳ
ʣ˵֮˱ǵ⣬͵Ϯᰣ˾ͽն˫С۵ġĦȡ
۾âһɭȻڳ̫ˣô˵ʶ˾ͽˣģٸңҿøɴһЩ
Դ̲סô˶ôԸѵΪԶô
ŭҪзһ͸ϣü԰ףζʵͬĿΰԵʦܣڴҪĪ˽£ƣ·һ㣬صĻ
һŭõĴʱѹŭӲ
ٴ޼ʩʩΪƾӵӾܶǳδشˡ
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ҶüëһߵŶλʦȻΪҶĳ֪£˵

һ죬λڱλշĴ͵һñСɽһľ޴֣ܿռһضɽҡԷ͵ŭȵٷϻҴǾ㲻
Ҷʱһ㶣ʲôǾϴ˰ɣ
δ˵İСĴʩԭ¡ҹɳĦ񡣱ˡݱҴǾǹƵġʶܶĦڭǾ
ʲôҶԴ¶Ȼɵ顣
ɼ˵ѰⱾ飬벻Ϣ֮죬ôʹ˴·Ķ
Դ̲סⱾֵϣƾʲô㣬˵µľǴµģ˭֪ǷӴ½ŷӽ̵ľ䡣ںƭ˭㣬˵ԼǾݱǰɽǸʲôˣ
ֺ̹ʹɮֽɽһ֮ħ̨桢̹Ԫ˧ķ;ݱĴķ̨ӶݣС£ݱ򱻸ġޡΧ
ֳһݱԴȻ̲סԳ
Դ޵ʣ˿죬ȻǲǱ·ˣ
ƨķ𣬲һȻ˶ˣԴ޲мص
ڴĵλ䳬Ȼߣ˵ܻġ
İСġݱ΢΢һЦҲ⣬Ǽ˵ޱߡҷ𴴽֮ùŷӽ̡ʶܶĦڭǾȥɣչ侫ϴݾ飬۶⣬ʶֵ֮ʶĩʶ˰ҮʶŰĦʶǰʶΪǾʵΪƷ֮Ͼѧ
ҶƤֱ벻ѧкĹǽƷѧǺˣҲѹڵ˶Դڱصˡ
ҶȻдص䣬αѰеĲб˼һЦһ´ǧ꣬սңòҲʧԭȴŵֱ˰ɣߺߣȵҪѧʲôô
͵ġ˫ֺʮ˵𷨷־ʶʵʶһģһУгɡǾʶ뱸سɷ𡣼ڰ汾Ҳҷٹ⣬οʶܶĦڭǾĦʲӴȡ֮˷ֻõϰ벿飬֣Ϊ˶ĿˡˣմҷʥֻҪ飬ҷȱֻҪԷ书ĶȲ
㵱ֵɵӰ
벻⡾ʶܶĦڭǾʷҲ֪٣ҶҲ˲٣ĶȥûôףοԷ书вͨĵ·
֮׵İ޺λţ˵ͼ߰꣬Ķɱѿ͸ȫȤֻǻڵΪʱ¬ǷǰµĻģòλڴ˶󡣼λҵȿģǾ뽭Ǳ֤˺λλ˼
ҶԵѧ֮ˣ֮Ż֮֮𡣵ެ²ΪڣⱾ飬Ҷĳ͡
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٤룡գ֮ҷ𡣡
ҶŭһȺ棬˹ǰɣ
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ŭˡһ֮⣬Ĵ֮ڿնٶû٣ӭ˷ϵҶˡ
ԴһХӰֱϰգȻһըʮӰ˷
ĴԴ޸ǣֱҶ
ѹڿз˷ϮҶεѹ˵С
ҶɫأĴȻֵʵɼԵҲΪ鷳ԼӲƴ֮¼ʤ㣬ֻ֮ǰйɼһеϾ飬һҶΪǿġ
һһ£һһ෿ƿǧϻƶҶߡ
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033 ǿ
ǰڴӶӴõܱ˵˾ռҶδУԴޡͨͨˣģؼʱ̲á
ܱиᵽ˼ĳ顣
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˷ų鵽嶼ȻٶȣҪʹ˽һ˵ɾ
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Ȼʱ˿̣ǲ֪ںδĳ֮⣬ֵֻҶԴޣͷðһ£±ǣⳡ֮սж
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ĴһǰΧһԷʱֵܳĳ飬˵Ѿǹ߿Էһ۵׼ˡ
û뵽ǣҶʱչֳʵǴһǴʱף֮ǰԤһشʧԭԱҶǵȬͻˡ龳һսӲ֡
ʮͻƹ龳ٶȲǿ٣ֱǱ̬ħĹҲûٶȰ
֪ҶĽٶȵȷǺܿ죬֮ٶԷŻѾһʱ䣬Ҷûдﵽ龳⻹Сڤ񹦡ŽѧΪܵǰ¡
һεͻʵɺ֮Ҳ֮ȫǽڱϻ񽣡µĽӡɼѩ񵶡־ǽѧͻġ
ϻ񽣽ӡÿһαͬһ㣬˳žɢҶáС๦赼ϻ͵дСȫͨչеͰʣÿһεĵ𵴣൱С͵̥ǣҶĽӡൽ԰ټƣѾ˼ΪֲĽ׶ΣֻҪ㹻Ե龳κε谭С
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ֻΪĹ磬ոͻ֮ϢȣһʱɼҲûзҶľ˱仯ߡѿȴǹû˵ơ
ɼУ档߿ô˵е棬׷ߵʮľõĶսҵͻ˽ޣյĺڡ
֮Ҷı仯ȫڡԤϣڡ߾µġ߽ǰʵ˲ʮıҶʵڴΧ¡
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ÿһλʵɲ⣬û˼ȫ֡
Ҷ˵ģҲǱߵġ
Ľøλܵʮвһʱ䣬λԼͬرԼǿս
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İСľݱͬ仯ֱۣɰ˱ģڣֻûָ֮ӡָһС磬ٿȻ䣬籩ǣľ޴ߣһسҶҧǰʵ˫һꪣ磬ƣ
צĴǳģȫɫò׷ˣһתɱԽˣһҶ
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Դ޵ĳ֣ɲΪ˶һλӵʵڷġ
Ŀǡ
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ԭɽġɫ䣬ȻΣյġҹɳĦ

ƺʮš޵жϣûзκε쳣ɳĦȻڿն𣬷·һ߳ȥƤֱ֮С
ͬһʱ䣬ҹɳĦĽƬ˲飬һŹһ죬ոշɳĦ͵һͣԭͷȻʧޱȣϵں״ֻһǣű㱻ѹ֮ϣ·ɺ֮У˷޾ѹ
ǡҹλͬһʱҲܵѹԵжʱû࣬Ȳֻܷȫ࿹ҶĹȴǼ̫ࡣ
֮ˣʣСµһɱ֮֡˾ռҶԴ롰ĿıΪʱ䣬й𡿵ľ飬ȫҵ˻λãֻһת۵ʱѡ
ʱֻ˾ռһ֣öصĹѹסλɴ˾Ϳ֪λ֡ȫʢ֮ʱεķţҲƹȴԸǸĽҲҽаġʦˡ
էһֱɱ˵һֲȻͬʱ׼ԮȣȴҶʩչȫӲص
֪֮ǰҶչֳƣʵװˣĿľΪ߳Ȼõĸһджߵߴ硣
˾ռԼǱصı죬ӽ˾Σյľ֮ڣʮɱؼʱʹʱȡ˾Եơ


034 ʸ֮
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жǷ񶨵Ĵ𰸣˵ɳĦ
ݱɫߺ裬ҶȥԮɳĦû뵽ȴҶӽʺӲ赲
һԵġ롰ҲͬˣҶȻ˺˷ֺȴʵǵľԮһʱƬ̡
Ϊйڡ޵һʱһ׿һиţֱҶһת첲ֻǿѸ͵ʽʱҶչɱ
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ۼʮɱͬһܽоҪҹУ˾ռͻȻһͣо֮ɫһҲԵسһͣ٣Ҷ֪˾ռ󲡳ȫʩչһ¡
ǡҹɳĦҲǵ֮ѴʼľʧзӦܷŹֻһת˲ŵĻᣬץסţֻγɵļ͵ͷһӡҹӡ
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ɵĽźķ۸һ棬֧Ӵĵط·һڶܹͬʱݡ
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ˡ
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ҶȴǱСģӽŵطʱֵܳڼ
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޽ܴ죬ǵȴ·ʤһ㣬ҫɡ
λбأҵպݷã

˲˵ɳĦ˲˳ҹݡ


035 ѹǰ
ڵġȫˡ
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Ҷ˾ռһɫǳ쳣
黺ǰղ˵ƣɼ
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Ҷ̽һش֮ǰ˾ûáǿϼˣһڲٴ󶯸ɸˣȻȻγˡ
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ҶʦϴδйɫҵæŶԷ𣬷ԾҹλߵĹȲ֮ϡʦͽ˿ųҹǰԺԲɵӴԺ䣬̾һ
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Լʦʱ㵽˴˵أҶģ־ûôż·ҲᵽôжȻ޷أ
̾˿ʵܼ򵥣Ϊ֣ݸ͢ʮΧסˡ

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֣ݳǻʸ֮أۺ񣬲ʧСңʸѺѦҲʧֻҪԮȴǱ޳Ī֮ʱλϴ˻һƶһƽ֮˵ܽˮġ
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Ӧõ嶼ǡ˵ɱ˵ĵС
Ҷһǵɣ˵׼ҵʸͬʱҲҵ׿ˡ
׿˷Ǹ󡭡ʸҲ¡
ģ
һЦߺߣ֣չõķһطңء
Ҷúһ顣
Щĵصݵõ鱨λТ֣չõķˣǲ岻ʸλԵõģ֣չÿʸ֣һܻᣬ֪ʮꡣ
ҶʵϢ׼ȷģǳ͢˾ɣ鱨̫󡭡
ǳ͢˾Ȼ
ǡ
ǡ֣չã
ţ
Ҷʱ״̬
֣չṩϢҲ˵֪ԼŸ˼֪£ʮꣿ
鱨׼ȷô
ûɣ鱨׼ȷԭѦû˵ұ֤˿⣬֣չò˻ʸ֣˹ϵ飬ǶΪȥܻصҲ֪һ˲ͼΧֺ߶дװס
Ե̿Գɽ
̷֣Ҳ̫
Ҳ̫ţ˰ɡ
Ҷɵ˿ĭ


036 ڰ
ɫ紵׷Ʈ˵ĳ֮ңԶʳǷ򣬻˵Ǳ˵أΪѣûжȫ֣ɼľ֮⣬ҪҪЩ֧ǵָܹۼһǰ֣ݳǣ嶼ڣص㶼һ֡ǱԼƵ֣ȵγ׽֮ƣôΣգӦóŵ׼֮ʣͱһ
Ҷ˵ͷ˿ʸȷõĿʲôʱ֣
תͷҶԽԽáȥ˾ռ
Ҷһ㶣˳⡣
ɱһ;ԼϾˣһ˾ռλµһɱ֡Ȼиİ

Ͷ嶼ڣ͵ġֺ˵һӴˣĳЩҪѾˡ
ӡֺɣһֱ˽죬ûһʷԹ鵯͡ҪΪͺƵĲ֣һǻʵµּ⣬ΪֺӪģ˿ʥ֮¡һ˿ɱȰ
֮ڣھ嶼һڵˮһƬ
꽨֮ʱھ͵ػѳһ߽200׵Сɽֺ㽨ɽϣݻ֮¡
Ȱ;ܾʵ۵ķͣ͵ˣҪôҡ
˵˾֪һӹˣвܵһ㶼СҰģСҵ̰ͼϣһζɣ˻Ҿϲ⣬ͼı죿
͵ۣǾʵ۵ľΣ궼ʹͣ궼мνֻǮƣȨ򱱽óԺúȵع
ھġˡУʸ֮䣬ƾгʵԵжԡ
ɴһ嶼ڣ˶֪ʵ۳ˣе󳼶ڻӣ̻̲ȴһ˻ֺ
⣬ҲǾʵ򱱽֮µľ֡
аİţҲֻеǶ˲սġӥչ۷ɲʶƣҲΪˣչ嶼֮ʱӥŻᶣҪ㹻Ρ
չ嶼ڻûеȵ֮󣬵ڶݷλֺ
ֻû뵽͵ĶݽӴ֮ԼȻᱻǿһʱȥ˰֮á
һգºڷߣƸҲղ̰ĺҹ
Сӥչļ٣ɽĸ¥һԾ£η·ӵһڿػһߣ˲㻬ʮɵľ룬һݼ֮䡣
ڰеɨ˵ʶصİҲȫУһһշתŲšֺȥ
ۼʮɾ뿪⣬ͬӰһչٿȻվֱֱͣݼ֮ϣᱻ˷
˴ʱǰݼˣһŽ峤ۣĸֱͦģӣҹǳҫҵƻ𣬲ˣɵһ̾˳ɤֶа࣬벻ֶȥ⻹
˭뵽ɳˣʵģȴھӼҵĽֻôȻȻһȱ֮⡣
ֻǱסȥ·չҲЩͷ۲ѡ
չΪ񣬿ȻֵͬͬͬͬͬͬҼֵΪ˾İ֮˶Σ֮أܸ׽̻壬Թۡ
һС˵ô꣬ԭΪ᲻һ붮ñͨ벻ƢһһģһȻ֪ǳҹһ壬͵ЩԼȥ㻹ļ˵˹ƣ
չСֶǰ̻壬Ӳ˰࣬ûȥǻʸ̩ŵĻֵΣ֮ʣһ֣Ҳ̲ס֣ɼʢҲΪһºܡСֶڲֵͬʹ࣬պһ£Сֶʵ롭£СֶңʵڵȲȥˡ
ͻ˿תӲ׾¶һ˿廳ɫ⼱ƢǸ㸸ͬȴ۷ɵĺͶ˼ҹݷΣѣ㵽ҲֻΣճ̶ȡֵܽΧʵһҪߡ
չ۾ʱһʵָ̡
͵˵ͷ˵ڷǸȺŮ˰ѳҹݵ壬ȥγΪ裬ֻעطҪʱֻҪһöԷƣڱ÷Ǹǰ˲˺ţҹݷΣȻ
չԭ̬ʱ
͹Ȼһǽ꼴븸׺ͻʵүͬھЧҲһչ۷ɺͻʸӡһϣʸ¼ٱԹҲƲλһ۵򱱽
ԣҸô
ôԼѾ˰ɣǺǣͰİ죬ڶֵĿ͵ص㣬ͽϷɡ㡭һҪסҵķԸô
չֶ̾һ֮ҹ
δء
ʧЦصļƻҪ˷ܵʱбҪʱΣ֤ʵ˵ΪĽ׶ΣеӻҪʱ򷢳ϻҪʲôƻȥɣһȸһ
չʱϲæֵлȫ
ȥɡ
һ֣չٿȻƮɣҹһ㣬ֻһ䣬ʧڸ۴αȵ֮䡣
չʧӰȻֻӥȻֲ鶼ȷѪ껹ǲ統ҵȣֻԳΪӥڶ
ڵҹУһϸɱЦһӣΡΡͬнľ̫Ӻڰ˳͵Ļ˭ܱ֤ԼĶӱȻΪһԼкαسΪԼӰأӥ۲Ŵԣˣǧֱͬ۰ָʹһϣչСӵȷ丸ӡչСעǵĲϣȴһͣһȡľ͡ֺγһ˽أ
˵֮˲ǱˣǾʵۻʸߵĴ̫లš
䶢˰һۣ̾Ϣպȷǲչ⺢Ӽ̳оְ˰ɣҲԣԽ˵û˱ȨӥȷرӥӰȫ
һӶѵһ飬üЦǳ͢˼أչ⺢ӵԸ볯Ϊ٣±ɱҪѹµĴ㣬Ҳƺһͽ̣һ֮ȥɡ˵Ҳֵң
ߣƵ湻ԶġϧԶƵˣȴһûƵ̲סڻʵ۶˿ˣϹûе˰ɣ
䣬Ҳ˿ֻǵҲһֿƣ´ý㣬ֶΣЩСǶ¾ά֣ҲĲ˻ʸˡ
Ըɡµµ̫գȻԼһöӣۼϳҲܲƴأ

չ뿪ֺ֮󣬼ͣЪֱ嶼ֵĵȥ
֡
嶼Ѱȥ֮ء
˵һ֣ʵһ罭ˮȥ
һС˺ӣ˺ӵĽֵϱǸʽ¥ִͷβжʮĸߴź˺֮ϡ
ϵرѰǣһСԱ˺컷羰СѰǵκһ¥ǰвϲ¥ֵģԹҶС¥ϼƲˣһŮһһ͵㣬ʵǵǳ
֮⣬Ǿ¥ͣڻֶͷСС˺ʵˮ֮ˮ
뿪ֺ򱱱ˡ
չ˺ĹٵĿİţȴϸƣʶδԼѰҵڡ
ֵ¥ţ󳼡ɧǱȻɶѾۼ
ؽ¥ϵĻǲͣŷεչۣչҲŷص˵ķ飬ʱòڵ˻Ц䣬ȴգױĳ¥֮С
ֻǸոСֵչѾֵöֵĿꡣ
ڸ磬дӦگĳ佫ò׵嶼֮أȺܲ⻨һء
Щ֮ȻԼСȦӣ嶼еغ󻧿ύչһεѾȷֵóֵ
ֵչԥ֮ʣǰͻȻӰػιЯһµ¥֮ڣչüͷһʱϳеݣ벽һȺ˵Ƿ踮Ӱ󣬶ͷЦ·ǰģȴڷ踮İ˴֮һϵĸ֣֮ۡһġۡ
Ϊ˴ҡ֮һ۷踮Ȼפصķ踮Ӱ踮ݣǻʸӥٱϽ߾ʸвʵĽ죬Ȩ
ʮʮӥ֮αͻӥ⣬ڳ͢͵֮䣬ܾ˼аǺҲǶη֦ͬѪϵ֣̰ͼʮӥµ֮ء
벻ż
ˡ
չааһЦٲǰûԷٵؽ¥ڡ
ҹʮʱ¥ڵƻͨϯｻЦŭ֮ǴӲͣЪ깫к嶼ɫȮ̬չ¶š
ۼһȺ߽¥һ֮ڣչһ䡰۶ɰ깫ľⲽ¥ݣֱ¥ȥ
յ¥ݿڣһλ껪ôӷ˳չ˳ԳһһУչ뻳УŮҪǳ⣬ƼչӢ˧΢΢ЩЦӣŵʱԵ
ЦУŮӽλ͹٣ô˼ɫ
չЦˣɫ滳˻ǲˡ
ŮӽЦĲɣūҽˣ͹ٲٻᣬūһｿҪǵá
ｿĪǼŷеĿˣ
ǡ
չЦǿɼˣ±˺룬ǰ͵ġǲǻз踮Ӱĸһһս
Ƿｿʱһ㶣ڿھԭսĴһֲ֮ǰƣСŮӻǱˡ
ҪҪ㻹ҵĶﱲϵýչ˷ｿСֹһ£ЦҪһϲ͵͵һšŮңϯϻʲô㣿ԼֵܿЦǵ˹ͿɾͶˡ
ǻչ˵ΪǸĹ֪ͣ޲ԣ޲ؽϯ˵˸š
չʱЦúúãҶʶˣĪҪ˵Ҫϲɾûˡ
ｿæͷһҪϷģ


037 ı
չǰ¥Ǵ˼֮һΪ㣬Ϊİ䣬Ϊ߹Ŀˣ΢һȣЩǵĻźӡ
Ϊϣһϯÿϯʮˣʢζͬˮһϣϯɫ߲ͣٱȰջΪ
ϯһ࣬¥ԶϧŪã˲ʱҵĹƺͽк
ʱú۴λԼߵĻ佫߽᷿
δ䣬ۺˬشЦ㴫᷿ǸȻȴĿŵ׺λֵܣˣ
һʣȴĴһ˿ɤΪ˴ټ֮һȴǳٵô÷ɣ
ߣ˼ȵĲ
Ŀһ㶣˵֮˿֮󣬾Ȼ˵زԺ۵ʵʵȨλҲ˽Է˵ԣ˲ڵ̫ǡ
ѵлдڵĻ¹ٲ벻ɣ
ʸĻʹɷȻϿǼΪɻڳ⳼໥ᣬлʹڵ̫ڣǰͱȻʷԹٵֻҪ֤ʵ佫ְ죬ڳǱȻᱻ
Ҳǽʱգ͢˼ңʷԹǶԱûٹЩɻˡ
۹ЦӦĹ֣Ϊ˸λλѲ˰벽ġ
һ˵һһڣδ֮䣬Ѿڹţ۵ǰʱһƷϯӭһеԱ⣬ֱߣһλɫ԰סͷҷˣֻһģ˱Ѿ֪ԷԴڵ̫࣬ո˵λĹҲͱȻǴˡ
λֵܣλ֮ǰҸĺֵܡλ֣λǽ֡
ʮλˣֻòԵؾٱʾ⣬˼۾գһ¡
˶ʱа룬ƾԼ˵ݵλǶӼ˶佱ҵ˵ضǺˣȻҶֵ˲
ãԱߴ佫ĽʱһɫȻسǿں۵ûеŭ
ۿ۵еЦһţŽϯ˵λֵܣҸλһ嶼еӢۺܡ
ѾĽ̲ס˵ֵӲСֵܶ˲ҵ嶼ǱϾǻʳҪأٹǶǣ˳¿ĭ˵ʲôүϣνӢۺϣǻʵĺãĪҪĳ
һ㶣ŵˣܡ
۸Ҹ̨£ûϵλϵĻӳԵȵȣ»ϲҽܣñȴǱ˳Խѵ
ƾλԱ˵λԼǣ嶼ڶŴֵķﲻʤö٣ҲʵһСС̣١ʽ͹ٳϵ飬İĺܰɡ
٣
嶼ׯĴϰ壡
ݶڳ͢ͽϵ˵ȷͽ˵ȴɲǼ嵱
ϰǶһĶׯ̶ͬӲͣأλأڽҪĹܵϡ
˶ף⣬ʲôǮԳΪڻǵõս
Щսԭ֮ȥְڼ䣬Щصս¶װ˵ľˡ
Ǯƣ֡
ԭ˻ϯϵ˱ֲû뵽һģǸԼһ·ϰ壬˵ʱŵòԿźͳˡ
ԭϰ壿ʧʧֵܶ˵ˡ̲סȳԵǸ
ÿ˽޴󣬹ТǶ˵ĲʮƣˣҲǸ߹Ǿǲҵλٴϰġ
޷޷Цеػش𣬡Ժĳ˵⻹ҪλĴְ֧
һһոջһ߱Ľ˲״̬ΪһĵЦݵ˵
ֵٰﻹӢۺûҽܣλΪȷǲĳء
˵ʱࡣ
֮ǰЦϰ˵üǡӼǴڵһ£λ֪ǲǷأ
ϵĺʱͲܿƵð˳
̼͢ƿȻϻǰţֵµ¸ɽȴ̼ʵȨ
λ֮һΪŵĸɶӣȨǣѾǽڰŵĶˡ
ļﶼЦٺıţصĽѾǻ亹ܣٿˡ
λǧ˿Ƶϵ˽Уռ˲Сķݶ߹ؽǳԼĲиʣй֮ġ
ǴŶǰĺۼʶѾסΪ˻⽯˵Σæ˵֣̬۵ϸ˾˾ƺɫ΢죬˷쳣˵λ벻ɣϯϵλʵǾδĺѣƽĽ˲٣ȴǵһμ棬ΪϤİԵ֣Ǹ˴˱
˺ȻӦŵˮ¶ǣһ𣬾ƾּγڱ׵⡣
ٱ뵽վȻڴ˵صüλ٣ֵ֮ܶλģֵܶ˵԰ȫ֡
־֮£ϯһλѮ̲ס˵λҵǷģֻλݻҲֻǳùѣʮӥĵϣֵܵϲˡ֪λߣ
⡭
ʱɫͨ죬֪˵ʲôá
ʮӥ̼켫Ϊϸ񣬲ٴⶼƻչ۷ʵǾ֮
ͽڡӥʮ꣬ûһռˣ۽͢Ρ
ʱᵽչ۷ɵ⣬ͽѿκεĳŵ
۹ЦֲҪżĪεרΪӥչ۷϶ƽУһΣҵȶҷٲܻҵȺ¡
۾ʱһʵŶƽ
΢΢һЦδ𻰣ЦеؿŴ˵˵١
̲סЦصĺαˣ֪˲õĴæȻܽʮӥѵֺβһأ
ٻһ䣬ۻδ𻰣ͻȻһضһˣϷ˾ӡ


038 ¶
䲻ðһӲ˶˵Ȼʶڳֺۡ٣ҲǴΪš
鼫ΪܣԷȻܹϢشݳδκ˷֣˷ݹȷţ˵ǵǣԷǵзѣôǼɾй¶ȥˡ
˲ĿӣԭڵõϧһλͷƤñĿݣԼʮ߻֮ɫȴ˶ԷУͣŪ˶һֱδͣٵɾȻǴλеڳ˾һ˲ÿ˵ĺ󱳶ˢðһ亹
Ŀߣ߱Ŀһ˫۾ҹɰ㾫â´£ֻǼһƱѹڳ˵ȡ
üĿһͬʱ˹Խ䱸ǳԺȵߺˣ
ԱߵٺͺȴæϯһףЦ벻Үǰ͵ˣȵҪ֣
Ϊ̼ัɵÿŶԷĴ磬ԼŪָϵĴָ̰һ˵ֵʱԺصһǡҮ
ڳ˶Ǿԭ˱ǵ峤һʦҮͬʱλҲԳƵǱԭԣһλı͢ص㱣Үݺ͵λڵмΪȻڶԵ͢ӰϣȫԺͳʦɼͥ
ٵĺߣλҮˡ
Цֵ˵뵽˴벻ȻҮǰƽԵüҮɴҡ
Ү΢΢һЦԭϵĲǶ嶼ϷǲΪҵֻ֮ɼô
˲ɵڨڨЦ
Үɼڲԭϻ̣˾֪顣
ɼ书Ү۲Ŵԣڵ͢Ӱɼò¡
ҮϵŮʾ˵Ȼˣ˴ǰҲǷҼҴ󺹵͢һЩ˳λѣһʽ顣
æصͷǡ
Үǿ£ÿ˶ЩȻƤЦⲻЦӭūš
ʱſڴһ죬᷿ĴűոճȥûõŮｿЦ˽һЩһ㶡
ʱ⴫һˡ
ｿʱһЦݣ˵㻹ɵŸʲôϽȥ
ƺǽϲ˵Сˣ۵ɫʱʱλҮǵȻݳȻҲԸʱ˿빴еķԷ֮ȥ
ʲôˣʲôϲˣϽҹȥ
Żδ򿪣۱ЩֹԷ
벻Үȴ΢΢һЦ˷ˡ
ԶԶԣϽٳƽΧǼˣľϯһЩҵй͵˳棿
ϵľƲˣʵոն˼Ӷѣû϶٣ٲƴ֣赭дһ仰ϵȾϯȻһ¡
ǣС
СҪݣֵ˵ؽˣĲҲһ𻻵ȫһĲȡ
СԥƬ̣ϯƲˣѾǱ¥߼ˡ
ݶʱĵūôô¡
Ҫѵ⣬䲻һҮԵϷλСϵܡ
һ㶣ΪʲôҮһС
ֻһ̾һѼֵ벻ȻҮǰ治֪ңǴҡ
һʱ߲ƣſڵͬʱ֣һƬѰسɽȥ
һῡʵǰЩѱЦϣǰôǰȻû¶˿Ļ֮ɫ
ľмֽƬŶԷϷȥھԷһҵʱ򣬷ŷʱһ㣬ľмͣڿУ껺뷿УϢǰľмƣͬƯˮһ㣬ỬԱߡ龰֮Ŀɿڴ
Үоâһ̲ס޵ãþһڳһĺ󱲡ߺߣӥغǵɣ
ڳɫһǾӥ㣬ǡСӥչ𣿡
Ȼȴ˷ܣǿ־塣
ⳡϯҪĿľԸӥչ۷ɵķ벻ˣ֣ʵҮԵȻССӥչ֮ϵݴ㹻ӥһˡ
Цͽ·㲻ߣƫҪ
һ֣ΧʮĻ֣ʱӺ󷽰Χסչ·Χڵġ
չɵÿЦԼеȷ̫ãԭΪǵ㣬û뵽ȴǵ˱ּˡȻײʮӥıȴյأҮȵĸڴˣղԼҪߣȴѾԷֻҪԼһȻԷɱ֡
ҮЦֶһɺã
Ҹܳ˯õòٺáչ֮ǰҸոսѵ˳նơҸɱ̫أһ첻ɱǿͽĻܣ
󵨣
쵰
һӶƵǻͽʱȻŭǺÿ˶ǰԼ˳ʱҪɱˡ
ϯƵļŮǶŵûʧɫƫƫչסſڽ˲ãλչݵķｿ̱ڵأʱһ˹ȥ
ΣͷչŴ˸ӢųӯڣǿУȴη壬ô̲סҪˣһϣСүһ嶼ֵķǸƤһһĳ
ҮĸȤؿűΧĵչ΢ȴǳɱ
ҮʵȻڴ˵׳ֳ֣˸ҪҮǰͷ¶¶Ƕȳ֣ȡʤ
һĿıδ󺺳СӥȻȤϼаɡСӥģ˵ȵطĿ֮£ǲȺΧġ
չҪľ
嶼֮ˣھԾüһеĴ棬⿴ˣ񾩹ٿطһһҲԵطϵ￴֮
ⷢԵĶʤ嶼һĺڵ书ɲ⣬˵ʶֵʵһЩսʮλġצֻٹأδӦս
Ѿдη嶭ʤʵӦսˡ
ȻЩ˵඼嶼֡


039 ȫս
ʤͷӦս϶һɡ
Ͼչǡӥ֮ӣʢڽ֮ϣᣬ书ԲСˣʱĸ֣䶼Ը׸չ̨䣬ӮԴС˸涪ʶŭչŵ棬ȴһԸԳ֡Ƣ𱬵ĶʤӦս˲١
۶ʱЦжʤֳȴٺòˡ
Ŷԭ嶼кųʸʶ񡯵ġѪ֡ʤչ´һ¶Ĵֺ󺺣Ц΢΢һ¶ȻǼ治ȻҮǰȶ֣԰ɡаɡ
չһָڱһֻĵǰһ죬Ṵ˹ָͷϻԸ˵һ䣬һֽѵС̬ʱڳ˶Ļðɡ
Ϊ嶼ڵĶʤǱףȵС
͵Ҫ֡
֣
һֻ˶ʤļͷԭѾҪԾȥĶʤʱסΣʤʱһͷȥЦ׾ǰʱͷЩð벻书˸ǿǿʱҲ˷ָĵزŷ֪Լ뷨һ㣬ԼĿյֱһģֱɢҪ۵һɵöʤͣ
˵ȴֻ˿ףչüͷһ̾ԷǱȶʤҪĸ֣һһֱϹ۵ҮҲζ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ʤʣ֣ǡ
΢Ǹ˵ĪĪΪ嶼ߴԷǳ͢棬ӥ֮ӣⳡ˵һʢ£˲ݲݶأ
ѹֻ˲˵һβС뿪ץıץģץֱɱǵҪĿ겻Сӣӥ˵ǰɱչÿɱɱӥŭӥü뿪ʱҪɱӥɾɰٱˡʧȥӥʮӥԻڵ߾ļйװġ
ٽƾͼƵİ취һ˵ʤҲɵӣʱƵĶ̶ȣõȷһ߽ʮӥʱ˵õĺôɾͲܹˡ
ã˵ĲСȻ̸ڴţҲӣ͸һƽĻᣡ
ʤͷ㵽䴦һŮǱȵǻҸӣѵõϯӳˣɧطүүҪֻ֪ߵغС
ʤһ䣬һۻȻռжǺ¡һ˲Σ𱬷һ㣬ƼŮʱгƽ⼸Ůӳȥ
ĳͻ仯ʱ¥ûҲ
˻ѰԴȺŮŶĻģʱͬȾһѸɢ¥ÿ֮жס׷״򿪷Ų鿴·
Ӻ͹깫һڻԺ֣СеȶסҵļŮǡ
ܻ⻨Ͽ¥һе̨Ҳ֪Ǽ᷿ò͵Ķ嶼ڵĴͣԼһĶֵϳ£ͷԼӾҲǳԲ˶ߡʱƴ˻ֵĻԺTMDǳԸɷģҿ㽫ǵҵ˵£ǻ¥ĹͣƤ
͵Ĺ깫ҲһԣץסƤ
ϣԺĴһֹµĴ£ڵس¥᷿˹
ʧļŮǽƴȻţҪֹЩūȥȴ˰ģۿЩ˳᷿֮ڡ
ʱ᷿ڵչͶʤˣȴ˫۾עŶԷƣɱȻ
ɲɵԱܹչƤûգһ£עȫ˶ʤһ˫ϡ
Ϊʱʤһ˫ֲڴѾǴһֱ࣬¶ͨѪʵʣ֮
չ֮ǰȻ̬ʵڲҴ⡣
ʤһţһͨ༶ѧɰơӲǱ۷壬ڣͻƣ˽һžѧ
ͨɰƣϸɳĥֲ֣մɳƾϢƶϸɳΪɣһ·ɰΡɰ򡭡ɾۻüԶԶһ£֮ྡ飬С
չ˼Ӧ֮һҺĽŲһһɤӺTMDĸ۵˵ǻ¥£ֱǻòͷˡ
ȼʮ¥Ĵֱ嵽ſ⣬޼ɵس˽
᷿ڣЩǳ˲ûޱȣ˵Ŀⶼſڣôһɲǣչ͵˳ȥ
ͬʱʤҲһ׷չ˳ȥ
չú󱲳ſڣ˵ٶͬڵһ㣬ƥոճſڵֶʱͬڵһ㣬չõɶȥǶϽ۵
չٶ˿ס󱲣Ȼɷţľмڶ˰գ¥ĸ߶ȷɢȥ
չһգʱİ֮С
ǼչײɵĴֶǵѪɣ𱬼ҡ
ĶʤǱŰչ֮Ϊ鲻ˬǨŭˣһӣȵȥ
飡
һ죬ոչ¶һٵ֣һɨɣʬ徹ǳչЩʬУٽչʱ͵һǣ顪
ʬڱըʱѪ¥

һ󾪻ŲҽУ¥¸ոջֱӺ͹깫ˣʱѪ˸ţ˲ѪһĴڡ
˼֮󣬱ǾĲҽ
¥֮ѰЩͨǶʱǰĲ״ŵ÷Ⱥԭڿ֣һɲʱĶӣ˱ײڵأſڴֻҪµˣ˫ѾӲȥûվ
ʤµġɰơ벻Ȼ֮ԭֻǴݻĹȻչ˱Űھ۶ɢԷڵӴը
ʬıըչǰһƬɺ졣
ߣ
չ˲ʶƶʤļ
ѪڻԼΣ湥תɲ͵Ϯ
չ𾭹ʶǿ֮ᱻֵεСϷˣ
˫һչԭ½ʱһľ룬ͬһֻӥһ㡣
󾢷ϮչЦ˼Ҳʹ
͵һšֱɺᴩ˫ָͬӳָ
ۡ

չһʱָпƬ
ٵģ
չʱһ񣬶¥᷿һɸһϲĽк
Сϵˣ
չ´һĳЦԷѾǰѾ֮ͬʱһϢӡ˹ĿչС
ڶʤЦδͣЪͻȻԭӦþʧչȻԼ۾ϵˣ
ʤսεȷḻһš֣Ҫˡ
һжѳˡ
չǰһ
ʤǰһƥָͬиռһ㣬Ѹޱȵطӡؿ֮ϡ
һҺߣʤѪ׵ȥ
ͻʩɱֵչͬһ㶣ԼڱصõһȻûжԷķؿӲر
£
չʱһùԷĲƥֱչϳ赲Լһԭôһ
Ȼչнָû˺ѶԷ࣬չһȴöԷˣǼϱ¡Ҳ鲼Ʒ
ʤ춯صľμˡ
ߣ
ֵչ𷴹ϣ׼ȡ
δʱڰУչȴһڣ۷ֻһۣα׷ϣ˫ֿһ˲ʤʮʱ鲼Ѫ꣬ҷ׷ɣؼʱ̶ʤĻһãÿ綼ԽԼг˰˳ࡣ
ˣǶʤҲ㱻չڿбඡ
Сң
ؼʱ̣˳Ԯ
ȻһҲչ֮С
ֻӵбʤյʱŻչʲôƨķȣֻû뵽Լؼʱ̾Ȼҧˡ
ɲǣһɼɱչϷϮֱԼѨͬһʱ䣬ıҲһľѹ壬߶ǼΣգκһϮչ𣬶ǱȻ³
չûͷҲ֪ȻǺ֮ĸֳ֣˾޴˵
ۼ޿ɱܵʱչͻȻǰһУһһУԭ˵ĶʤһξȻܿƵչ˹ȥ
һʱƣȴ޷ֻȫ׼չӴ֮ʱط
ȻҶġݺסȴǣǡצ֡еһС̽צȻ롾ݺסƣ࣬㡣
չ˵ȴá
ǣʤչ͵һͬʱӱһ˦ץĶʤֱͷ׷ɹȥʱסͬʱϮһơһ
У˷׷׳лرܡ


040 
չΣͷӦѸ٣ʤ赲ֵһ
ǳ־ԮʤǺۺһĿݸߵý֡
ۼչؽʤ˹йһ٣Ⱥв֮ʤڵ˲ǳѾõޣֻһ˲ѵϡ
ʤƲģͶǰѸٽӦ˳ƽʤߣͬʱһУһʹְθߣһ̤ں۵Ĵ
˫ͬʱͬڵһӱٶ෴ķȥ
˵ĶʤѸսչָգһʹǷгɢҫ۹âӻ䵴Ϯľ磬̼׷ϵչǰǰһֱչࡣ
һѾ˽ͱʵϺ۶˵ĺȺ
չһţӿУָһýԷĽС
ʱչ˫ִһָף˿ɴץסĽȴ˺Ʒֺ
չһЦȵý˿ǡѪɷ롮ʥġƹ⽣⣿
ʥ͡ƹ⽣ⶼѪɷΪɱ֣书ڡ޳֮¡

ʹ֮һӦͣɱ㣬͵ȫǰƣչǰ֮󷽷ȥغδ֣ͣһȣǽͼǰƽչסֵµذͬըһɢ䣬չֻڵ
ԷĽչؿֻ粻ľ룬ȴҲԴ
Ȼ죬չ𱻶Էײƴеľݣչĺײ֮ͤϣֹס֮ơ
֨
һ͵һϣӲչָ̹ȥ硣
ԭľ룬ȴ磬ĳɱҪչ֮ڣʱ̣չ͵سһȣָ͵һ⣬ᡪ
Է磬ƷİƷչֽͬһȦ࣡
չָڻ˶ֵľһ
֣
չ͵һڰѳֲסֶȥǰâһʧֻÿ˫Ӳչһ
飡
˫ɲǼ嵽һӰ෴ķѸͷȥ
ⷢ춯һĲҺԼԷһֱչӲ˸飬ȭͷͬƤָ࣬ǱѣɫĹͷ¶⡣
ãס
һֱԱ߹սͻȻɫ䣬ŭͬʱ׷ȥ
ʱչһУˣ˲ӽһĴڣƴɳ
䣡
ٽһĴ׷ɣչȥûĽˮ֮С
ԭڸոʱչѾܵ˼ȻǱĽźˣʵչĲԣĿľǴӴ⿿һߡ
֮ǰ⾪һϲΪƾ书Ȼȡʤ֮ǰʤΪڴűչɱ˸ֲ⿴ȥȻǱʵ˲ɥʧսǴսȥչҲֵıˡ
ģˣ˲ü飡ѱ򶨵ɫܻطԸ
ӥڳ˵жд̣ǾԲáСӥչҪЮӥõͳ֮ġ
ˣɳƵɤ˻̼෢ȫѲչ𣬵֮ı۴

Ⱥ̼ǧȥ
˹ٷϵĳ׷չжø
Ⱥٵ˵μסҹݣչʱĿܾ
۵ͷǣɫҲĬȻ
ôΧȻǱչѣĿɲһĴˡҮǰԵЩߵܡ
ҮʼնЦŷչ߶˵û˿Ӱһ㡣
ٲҵֻǰǰʵڲܷչ𡣡
ҮͷҲ̧һЦӵôܷɵĳȥİɣѾĸ׷ȥͻȻʵ顭źô
١۵֪Ү˵ʲô˼
ȺһոջɪɪƼŮͻȻЦʦģͽѾϷǶӵǧ֮⣬ͽҲа취ҵ
˴һͬʱоϲ
벻ҮļȻƵŮаԼ֣ȺŮŶӵĿյʲô׷ٵĶ֪زչϣҿŶŵģⶫ׷ֲˣˮҲѲ
һķŻ˶̲ס޵ıԶǣҵʵĪ


041 ɫ
ҶһֱûţǸ˾ռѧϰһЩɱֱرļɣҪһЩĵã˾ռδҶκιһֱǶԷʮɱҶɵЩʧ
˾ռƺ֪Ҷ뷨Ц˵⡮ʮɱĽǲ⴫ٸߣҲһɱ˼ǽһʱıſޣ޷ɡĵӲɱʵܼ򵥣˴ɱֶ֮⣬ٵķ㶼޼ͷѧ˲٣ǿǹáģֻһƵжѡ
˾ռҶѡԼѧǿʽͷβһ顣
һʱҹݵĺ԰ڵըһ㣬ùݼɹ˲ð
֮˾ռҶ书۵󲿷ѧʮ㣬ȱҲǺԣʱ̫Ѥãױ˷֣һɱС
ɱֵѧʵҪյĺܼ򵥣ǿ졢׼ݣоϢ˾ռǧСϢ㼶ĸ֣Եĵ˴Ƕһˣɱһȴ˷֣֮ģƱӰĿĴɱҲŹڽ϶ԸĦֶʱĴɱ¼ȻɹȻʵȴԼжԽԽѡҳ֣֤߲ʧһˣԲ֣ȥվҪݲڸС
ҶΪȻסͷ
ʵҲȷˣʱҪԼ飬һᱻ˷ˣԼÿҲľ±˷ֶյء
˾ռѧȱеĳһϢһ㣬ѧ޷Ӳƴԣɱȴ˼ȥɣԼһ룬ûʲô취ԼĹΪΣƾ书ʶʣɱɼȽѣһ黹Ǽпܵġ
ҶƵƵͷ˾ռ֮ʱ۷ƺܴɵ龰Ϊġ
ɱ飿
ƺ˼ء
ҪԼĽбϢҶûʲô˼һʱ뵽ԼġŋϵͳһѧҲΪһһ˵ָҶμǡ
ǱǡǡǸ˾е޼ɡ
ֻýϢȴֻΪ޼ɶסȴ޼ᡣ
Žʵһ˽ļţ־ͽСɫ
һǡǡе书ΪɽеľС
˽бҪھͬĶͬʹʹʱǡǡ෴ĵ֮ƿ֮໥Ѱмɽ߱ɫ֮Уʴ˵
ҹ佻ս˽бʹ
̫海ڹϰ޼ºԴ͵Ϯͨƶ޼ɣҵ޼л񹦣ܼʱͨȴ
͵ϮȻʧܣҲΪ޼ɹ񣬶Žء
ڽҪھ֮ͬ˹ͬʹҶ˵ȴȫ⣬ΪСһĴڣҶһ˼ְˣȫԽŽӵ¡
ҲˣҶѡŽѧ˸ס
ԺеȫͬϰŽʮʱһϤ쳣
Ҷ뿪˾ռʱѣƬ̺ݷã˾ռΪ죬ѵСƿȫҲ佣Ϣķô
ҶĴ˾ռһ
ʲʲô㡭ˣ
˾ռľ󲢷ûе˭ҲһûСϢĽͻͻȻֻжɱֲŻͨ飬Ϊɱͱ䣬ȫͬĸ̿ͺͽҲȫеˡ
ôת˲֮ͱһɹɱأ
˾ռɻҶֱж˻Ӧ
СĿռڣҶͻȻǰ˫ֺâһҵСľУһ֡𽣡һ֡ɱͬʱ֣໥еӰ£ԭƥյİԵȻɫ˲㵽˾ռǰ
˾ռϾ֮ɫΣҲܲ㣬Ҷġ˫ǰֱǰһľ룬˫ͣ£ǰƱƿԶ룬㵽ôľ룬˾ռȻܲ˿Ϣ
Сӣˣ
˾ռͬ˹һؿҶĵļ;ȴôزסһ˿˿ļ֮ڡ
ˣͷһӵĹ򣬱ʦɰ겻ţһȣͷȥˣ֪ʲôšTMD˺޵ţ
˾ռ̴ӲͣҶԿǡ
̲ס̾Ϣһ˾ռ쳤̾ðɣҲҲ˵˫۾âҶ˵Ȼ֮յɱľϣѧϰҵġʮɱˡ
Ҷϲлǰȫ
Ҷ˷ѧһžΪŹպ󼴱´ңħԼҲ񹦣зŹŤתǬһ
˾ռ˵ڴŹ֮ǰҪģŰɱһֻܴһˣһڳȥ㲻áҲ˵ֻһʹ⡾ʮɱеڶʹáôǱŵϰ˽ıҪԣٴҡ
ҶɵɻʵֻЩ棬Ϊʲôأ
˾ռ̾Ϣ棬ԭһΪ˸𷽲ŴŽинɱ̫أΥֲͣԸԼѪûдУԲд£ÿֻһˣ벻ᣬͽҲΪˣŽǧ֮֮֮˲ֻһ˶ѣʦ󲿷Ϊûв͸еİˡ
ޣԭˡ
벻Žʷ˻Ϊ⡾ʮɱ˾ռԼأԭȻǧ࣬˾̾
ŽȻǧ꣬ͷһҲŴĴѡ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ڵӶǾ֣겢ǲܣΪʹŽǿרУͼգҶǵ˼ϻ֪Լ͸֮󣬲ſͽġ
Ҷ˼һʵ˾ǰǽŽңһսҪǲͲʹŽأ
ȷˡ
ǲСΪͽˣҹ۲죬ƺŽСӡ
˾ռЦ⵱ȷʵŹҡô˵ҵѧ԰ɱΪСôһĺѧϰɱ֮ԸΥѧʲô¡ΪˣҲԥʱ䶼ûСΪͽ
˾ռҶĳ֣ҶСӾȫˡҴ⡾ʮɱһСǺΪͽֵĽ
ֵĽҶһ
ϣŽô

˾ռġʮɱʲô仰ѧ׵Ĺ˾ռӦҶڸҲǴɱж֮ˡұҪΪϸѧϰһʱ䣬˾ռܱ֤Ҷȫűɱ
Ҫһµʱ䡣
˾ռŽʮ꣬˶ʮ꣬ŸҴҶӹԹǿ˾ռҲΪҪһµʱ䡣
ʱֵҪͷҲҶ֪ʲôʱһµʱѧϰŽŽϰɣȻ̡µ˵ɱУҶȻżգĿǰʽҲϾ顣
չǲ̫ˣֻһʱѧϰˡ
һϵаɱֶμɵҶϾʱ仹Թ۲֣ͬʱѡһĿ꣬ΪԼͻƿڡ
һĦ뱱ɭֶĴɱ飬ҶڻװǱżǿġ
Ȼûдﵽ˾ռǰİɱֶΣŻҲһܶ˵顣
ɱԽ۳ɰܡ
ٱ׳ΰרҵϣҲӡ
Ҷװ֣һͨˣǱؽ˸С
ѡеﲻǸػۣʮͷǸưֻ֪ͣƴɻÿ캹䤱ϰҲȺɫʺҶٰ硣
۲˶Էһ죬Ҷҹɫ㷭˶ԷֱӶܸ֮ڣسҹݿҶװֱӽ֣
ǰ˵ͽһȻ¹سɰܣʧҲһҪΪҪӲƴ
Ҷʱ䣬жһڵ˵һ˼ǣԵ÷໰
Ҫ֪֣ݳ⣬ÿһѹ¶ԳڵľƲӰ죬˭Ҳ޷֤Щᷢʲô顣
ڶͽܵĹذ黹˵˼µ˼ֻҪԣ
ҶοİʦҲɵġ
ãΪʦͲǰˡ
ҹһ˱Ҫû֣ܰԺССײиඡ


041 ޺û
Ҷ֣˲ĹǸ֣˱ȻΪ֣Ҹ֣˵ķԸΪ˸ɷ׼ҹġ
Ǹýڣλ֣Ҫܻһˡ治֪֣չ֪λ֮ȥĻ֮󣬸ûǸʲô顣
Ҷæظ˳ȥֻҪס֣ˣͱȻԼǸɫТ
һ·ԶԶ׺֣СεҶȴʶߵ˼¡
һҹµҶѡĦڭ޹͡ǱϢŹת˼£Ⱥͬһ㣬ܵظŶԷ
֮СνһССһҪֵֵľͷ嶼һ֣֡
Ҷȴ֪СⲻԶѱ֣չ÷СԺ䣬ҲТʸΪ˽˶Ԥ֮ء
ӽͷٴγСԱ࣬Ȼǰ֣֣ѻһˡ
ҶһЦҪ֪ܣ˿»ΪΪǸĵǸôϧԼɷء
εǽԺͬһһ㣬ܿһ򳭽·ϵСԺ
ﲻһΧʯǽСƽƽСԺΪɾ
Ҷֻ֪Ҫλ֣˸ʸͱȻѾԼֱӵС֪ҪصʲôʱŻȵТ
ҶԺ⣬δͬѰ·һ㣬ϢװͨˣСԺֵʶȫ̽״
ҶСĲ޵ʸݼΪҪԼĶǷǸʢŵӣǸ߲ûɲ֪˵ļ飬ǹΪ֮һŮסλҪ
ΪˣʸΪȫпиֱһԼɱжʼɹ񶼿ΧȵĲ̽©
Ҷ˰Ȧȷܲ޸֮ſյԾǽǽǰӰ
СƽĺǸСƬֵĲ԰ҶڿӣʱѾǻƻʱ֣Ϣûκڡ
Ǵ̿͵ĵһҪ
Ƭ֮һӰͬӺԺ˽Ҷϳλ֣չõˡ
λ֣Ծǽ֮󣬺ԥһӴڣ죬һģȴҲȻŵģһ
ҶŶϸʱҲûдһ
ף
ѵʸô
Ƭ̣ҶòףһһҧֱԾ´ǴСƽ˹ȥ
Ҷչ˼ޣ˼ɵس˹ȥ´һƣȴѾȫϣҶҿһۣӷϷһԾȥ˹ƿأϷ˽ȥ
Ҷ֮ûѡ֣˴ĴȥǴֽţԼжһûгɹᱻ˷˽ݣǾʧˡ
ԾȥʱȻѾһˡ
˴һիҶĿĹˣֻİͷļɵð̾һаǻʸȻǸʡ͵ĵƣﲻ˵Ҳһתվˣ˼ȻһֱܵͨĳܵĵطĻ֮
֣չֻܸԼķ˵˴˴Ϊ˲˶ѡ˱ܣԲ֪֮⻹Ҫء
ѵԼжʧô
Ҷʱѵľء
ʱȣһжʧ
Ҷ¾ĽжȥǿʼΧϸѰ
ȻûƬ̣ͷһľϣɫĴƿͭڷ棬ľԱߣһ˸ߵṬƵͭҶ˵۾ע£еĶȻã΢΢һ㸡ΨǹƴԵøڲͬѰĸɾȻ˸ոǸط
Ҷæ˹ȥϸ۲Ƭ̣ȷһأͨתţϲĻǰĴľڵλá
³ͨѧһҲԴϸƽ⣬Ҷͨϸ۲죬ȷ⹬ƿŤȻһǴţһǴصġ
Ҷ۲Ƭ̣ӻȷϣһֱŤǻ񹦿תơ
ȻûãԱߵĴľ񻺻һ϶Ҷ룬УŴٴκ赣Ҷ֮ܵڡ
ΧһһƬڰ֮еʱҶû˿ĽţĦڭ޹չͬһһоա
ڵصֻһ򣬲תۣҶڵߣֱӵ̤ǽڣǰɳ۶ȥĸӦ£ܵиոոپ֣˴΢ҲظӦ»źͻصĴڡ
Ҷڵܵͷһȥһյʯ֮ڣΨһһڣǸ޴صľš
ΨһĳڣҶȴѵľء
Ϊ˴أȻֻܴ򿪣ȫûа취
ļٵʱҶͻȻô䴫һ˿޵˵֮Ҷæȫʩչ񹦣ſϲ
ӦǴһڣ˵֮˾ȻǰĶ˼䷭Ƹ꣬Ϊ̸˵֮ҲֹˣҶӦ֮£Ȼ֮ࡣ
ֻһΪϵľûʲôתôʦδ̫˰ɣ
һЦߺߣТ⻰˵Ըʦȥ˵ȻҲǴ͢һүڼʦǰҲ˵Ļҹݵ£ʦȻ˳ŵһоͰ˽кˣĶ̸
Ҷһ㶣벻Ȼ˹ڳҹݵ飬˵֮ТʸԼеĿڣһҶ²ӦɼĳͽܣΪʸԵǸԱɼҲɼ˵ıҹݵ¡
ֱԲľܾʸΪҶĶҲһ𣬿ʵηǳ
ʱһΪŮʦԭĿģΪ˫޽ԼôҼҸʢʮ㣬¿תҼҸ˼ֻҪʦɿڣԳҹ֤֮֮ʱĹҶһҿԭ֮ϣٶһ
˵֮һ٣ҶʱԲһģ˹Ȼ˸֮󣬼һʸԽ༽ʮ֮أңξ٣
ʲô
˵Ŀģ
ڳ֮ˣһ˲
ڵҶҲ
TMDЩǸĳǣ龹ȻǶ·һף治Щﵽôġ
֮أǻֵŻڣһãպ󱬷ͻɳֱ룬ɱԭʱݡΣѣҲȻ
Ǹ˳ŵȫԼཻ˶ԷУν޴
ҶԴϢüˣһТʸ֮⣬Զǵʹߡ
һδ˵ĵ֮˼еʵТ榳ϵģ
ʸԥƬ̣ڵͷϵλ榻ͮϵĻȷԴ׿ɰͶүػɡڴҲֻ֤Ҫպǻ󱦣Ȼɴ¡
Т˻ˡλģʦҵǰȥ˵ڱд𸴣Ȼλʧ
Ҷס
Тʸǻ󱦣
ǸǷֲʸ̩ôôͻȻûʸǻ
ô£
ѵǵùĲֻǸնǰĻӣֵ֧ģλʵȨТ
Ҷ˼ȷϣûֿܴڡ
ڲʸ̩ţֲܷʵȨĻʸаա
ͬһʱ̣ҶҲǸ榻ͮķǸϣӦþǵѹִ˾ʦ̫λ
벻ǸµŮҲôֱһϳʹôɥĲֶ
ŮҪʲôĿ꣬һݣʲô¶ɵó
ʱһˬʵЦüˣüˣ˲ɰͶү֤Ǳ׼ΧҹˡֻҪжһչүפ֣ݳµĴҲ֣ͬʱ֣Щɨһɾ
ϤҶ˵ݣǸ׷ͯաɷǵƹ泤ϡԪˡԪա
벻ǸߣļһҲŷǸ£治֪ͬȻɵƹôµģ껹˽ȻڽߣȴϢûκζ
뵽˴ҶͻȻӿһ˿̫׵뷨
Լһߣƹĳʲô״˰ɣ
ͷӦСȥƹһˣ뽪Ȼĸ飬ȻȻǰͬʱҲʵﵽ׷ʲô顣
ʵ̫࣬ҶһʱϢԴۣ׼͵ʱͻȻеһ˿ĲԾոջʮҵĶԻôͻȻϢˣѵôô
ɲǼҶһáιȰ˳ȥͬһʱǼޱȵľͻȻһŵָƵıֽ㣬òػƬ
¡һһǧŴҶʱ·ȫ⵲סˡ
Ҷʱеֻˡ


042 Ұս
ǵǧբһͨҶΧʯ֮ڡ
ͬһʱ䣬һſЦľ𣺡·㲻ߣƫҪҶԹñˣ
˵֮ǡԪˡԪա
һ֣ȴֻԪһ˼Ҷ棬ʸ榻ͮûмɰͶֻҹҶһ棬֪ݣһ֣֮ǰ͸û˵
Ż棬һſ俴СڵҶǻʸɫ࣬ԵҶߣһδɵСӡɰͶүǵļƻҪһˡ֪ǵܣ뿪ڸ֮á
ɰͶγ䵶̵ͷ򣬵޷ʦǱȥ͡ʮСӵ͸үǻĺˡ
ҶЦһʵôҵģ
ǲɰͶָԱһλƲӵӲ庺ӣȻλǱеĵһ֣ʹºšȮСӣٽƻҲӲѰĶ䡭
ԱΪɫİǶ䣬ǱӡԼıӣԵĹϧϵζӷģҪ
Ҷһ̲ס̾һ
ԼǾ鲻㰡ΪܹͲᱻ˷֣ȴû뵽֮Ҳʶ˵ĸ֡
մºšȮɾ˵г˵ԼͻװĶǸưȻòı䣬һϵζȴأԼ֮ʣֻü·ȴûʱϴˡ
ĹӰ
ҶɵһӺʹޡеĲԹ
λĸټӦǰġȮ١
Ҷ˵ϻɣ
Ԫ֮ǰҶݺʱҪа޼֣»δҶѾˡ
˷䣬³ɺϮͷԪհҪҶƻԼһ˵ĺ£һ˵ԼѾƹˣ䵽յİء
뵽˴Ԫղ㵱໰ˣֱӳȥиնĵСʯҵĿ磬Сܱڹϵĸְʱ׷ɡ
Ԫճ˳ȥԱߵ榻ͮǡ׻ɰͶͬʱϣϸԪյĹΧɱеҶ
ТʸԳݣû³֣ǸȮգǿСԳ֣Ϊ书˲˲ֹһǰ㣬ȥҲǰﵹæԱ˫ۣһѹԹۡ
ΧҶѰȫɱľģҪûƴľֻȫˣԼӶȥᱻɱ
ԶĸԪһҲ͵һŵأ貨΢ȫʩչɲǼ֮жҶͬһӰǰһңϮҶһ֣Ȼͬһ˲ֶ֮ĸо
ѴɵҶṦѼǵĿ֮ʣǿҸеѸȵĺٶȣ˾
Ӿã
貨΢¾Ȼͬ졣
ǻʸãôӳʯ֮⣬ƾľڳ֮书ٸߣҲûκε
뵽չȥ¼Ǹûץסˡ
Ϊֹ¼ƺûʲôܹȫС£սŵ˲У˲УǸ˲УħŵҲǲСǰȷϣǸĸ׿ͬһ֣Ҳֻʹѡ
Ҳ书һ֣ƾʦɼ˶࿴ˡ
ʸһ˼˲䣬ҶѾǵصҷ˹ͬʱ˫ʮָʯһǰͬʢһ޻ĻɫâǰҪѨֶκ㡣
Ԫһȣи͵һǣ˿ը˿״˳Ÿ˿Ｄ䣬˲С֮ڵпռ䡣
ڶ˲ƽҶҪҵġָͨ
ҶһԸԪ䲻һгһȻʱ䲻λͬɥ֮ȮġԪˡҲûţ۹ֶζ˲ֹһء
ԭ˵ĽǮҲԪս˴룬ɰͶһЦ䵶һϯһ榻ͮҲ¶ߵ֣бⱬ䣬ûͣЪֺػҶСȡ
Σʱ̣Ҷ˷һСĿռչּṦƹĸԪգŻ񹦵ǿӲ˿м伷˹ȥǶɰͶ榻ֵͮм䡣
һҶƺ˼ĴʱԪա榻ͮͲɰͶ˵ĺΧ֮С
ɰͶ榻ͮ߳ͬʱһһعҶͬһʱ䣬ԪֱһͬʱҶ
ڴ˿̣ҶһңȻͻȻеһɴδǿҶΪĲڸֶûм˹ĹзԼкģ˼Ȼթ
֮ǵһƵУȱĬԣǶߵĻ鲻ϤȱΣԺȻ䲻ҼӲͬʱسбҶԸ
ҶͿһ㣬ͻȻһ֮󣬼䲻ݷرһ¡
ңжأݵɹĵıǿСʯڶʱ˳ȥ
˾У΢΢һǹ֣ûʧȥεĿơ
Ҷ־ڴˣֻôһһɵľɨʯݣ߿нһңʱѾƳϣ֮ĵƾ߶ʱǿ紵ϨСʯ֮ڣת˲ֲָĺڰ֮С
סſڣԪյľոڵʯһƬ񾢵ıҶʩֶΣԪյĻ˻ȥ
Ҷ̱ǺڰġĦڭ޹Ϊ˶ֵ۾δӦǰĺڰ֮ʱ֪쳣˵ķӦĿԼΪʱչ
ֲָڰƷ䵶¡ڲ͸Ȼѩ񵶡ֻһ˹ຮĽǶȥѱԪڵʿҶʩͻһȻҶΪ֮ɵðһ浶ߣ¡߳һĵâһ䣬ԪҶ
Χ֮£ȻҶŤת˾棬榻ͮһᣬ־ȴľУ̾һ֪ѸҶռ֣æң׼ǽڵһȥҶǱĸԪսΧ


043 ֮زز
ҶӦԤϣ榻ͮд󣬰γһѳ˫֮ӭսҶΪ¡߹⡱߱ͬʻʢŰ仯ǧָУȫղͼ嶨ѵĽ̬һ̤ǽڣҶȥ
˫ȫ֣ء
ҶһͻȻһ֮ǰշתŲľṦΪѹȸԪգǿġʮơ֮£ԪձƵǱˣҶǰѹŸԪſڳȥԪƴȫҶȻı࿹ֺҶ˶ˣ榻ͮͲɰͶ˵Ĺʱա
ֵʱΪ֮һ⿴Ƹǲܵ飬ȻҶǺһɰ쵽ˡ
Ԫչ龳ΪȻҶСһӲ˳ȥʵš
ҶĪĸԼȫ屾Ȼǳģ֮ʱ˶ƭ
ܰΧ£Ȼʧ֣ԱҶǣűߣҶС֮⣬ң˭ܰţΪл⧲¿԰شɱֻԸΥǱԤҪԶöࡣ
ԪյˣԭΧܲ͸磬ƥص޷죬ҶԹΪߣƣת˲ı仯ѾľٲҴֺ
ҶŸԪѾʯſڣֱТʸ͡Ȯա
Тŭȵˣд̿ͣ
󳳴µ̬ȻѾ˾ƣΧҶڴ˴
㼺ʱͬʱҲѾܲ˿İȫˡ
ҶĸԪգʸѾµ෨šԪˡܣԼ·Ը
ʸһģбǰֱ̣̬׼ŸԪһҶ̸Դ
˼Ȼ˾ϣԱߵġȮﻹԥֱһȭ˸Ԫյĺ󱳡
ոһлյĲɰͶ榻ͮǷҶ󹥻
ֻҪǰֹҶƬ̣ǱоʵΧҶ
Ҷѹȵòò˵ĸԪգܵϮвΪͷŭͷԼ˵ҲöӶѣʱпܱ
˲ŭøԪղܲ˵˷֮٣Ȼ濹Ҷתһ൹ضȥɶԷĻʸҲҪܿһ
˭֪ոԱ߲൹˲䣬ƺҶͲµЦһչһתԪձԼͬƲһ˦˿Լ϶ԷĺƨϱҶݺݵһţȻοƲס˦Ҷ׷榻ͮͲɰͶˡ
һѪԪնʱٴεס˵Ĺ
ɰͶ˵ŭ쳹أȴ޴ʹĻðɡ
תơﱻҶõó뻯
ͻȻʧȥ˸Ԫյ赲ҶٶȶȻʸ෴ӦҶһ
ͬʱҲʮֻбҶ軺ĹƣòɰͶ榻ͮлɳˣٴνҶΧɹɱ
һƱؽԼݽΣС
ʸԱΪܣ֮ΪƳ磬ʱΣȻҶȷѡ񣬵ȴΪһ֮˽˰ȫѡ˱á
һԱǰġȮճ˹¾սĹ¼ҹˡ
ֻһʸѡԵοոѾԪյľٶֳԱ飬ٴγһɵû˿ϰ
顭
ҵĽСſڱ
ҶǰƣʸֿˣԭָֿеġȮնʱҶ
ͬһʱ䣬ҶЦһ˫͵ţǿ˫ŵ͸ͬһǽһ㵲ڲɰͶ榻ͮǰ
졢׼ݡ
ҶͷҲ֮£ķӦЩսḻĸƣӦ
Ȯ벻Ӧ٣һ˲ѵľأԱƱʧȥҶһߣҶ⣬ṦΪûκаٴ׷
ǣƴ裬ֻԼ֮ݣֲ˼оͿܶС
ɼѾԥ뷨ȴǵ͹Ҷʵڵһʱƴס壬һˣҲ᳢ҶĹ
ҶԭʹõΪԵ׺ġʮơն֮䣬;ףһԡȮգҶȴͻȻѧһ䣬һֻȻǰӣȴ֪࣬ʲô
ֻһ˲䣬ҶͻȻһָǰһһĽԳٶϮδüӦѾüģյҶѾõһǡ
ͻȻڷڸֶǾΪġ׻ɰͶŭɶ˻Ҷɱ㣡
ԷǸҶʱ˿Ϊվֳ湦̾Ϊֹ榻ֵͮ²δ˿飬񹦣˫㵯棬ƮƮƮһбб´ȥ
ɰͶƺ榻ͮͨˣܿҶǽǽڴȻһʹѩ񵶡еһУâֱҶȥ
֮ƲҶǿķǽҶƱѳȥԶݣ֮ǰϼƵӦ֮ҲȻܡ
ҶҲнп࣬ǰԵģпᡢһս
ȮҶǰѵһĿ϶Ȼ˴δɱжʧܸգʱʸԼǰԶһξ룬ҶѹɱģӲ˹ȥ
Сܣ
ʸҶĿ׳ŵٴΧ
飡
ʱĲɰͶ榻ͮһһͬʱҶӽŵ׷ȥǵǽ
ݡ
ɰͶı¡޼᲻֮ƣƿҶ˸ǣƵǽâһҶؿڱֱȥ

Ҷһţż⴦榻ͮĽ档
ɫâһ榻ͮٸ鵴ȫһȻʧȥκŷƾճһһ㣬дв֮ʱҶƣͬɰͶġ¡ײȥ
飡
ٴεıҶס˲ɰͶһͬʱáתơ赽ԷĲٹǰͷʱȻУҶѾƴɵȥ
⻤ʱһ󼦷ɹ
ٴǰŵʱҶѾһʬ壬Լ໲ҽе˱
ҶĳЦҹĻңңλԶͣҶĳʧˣ
֮䣬ҶȰӰʧڳ˵ǰ
ȮյʬȻþ˵һ仰


044 ·ɱ
嶼½ľͶУΪȨһȺˣҲΪһȺˣдĸ̼֣ҲһЩ֮ͽ
ڽ죬嶼ڴССĽֵʿеһ˿˿Ĳƽ
ڽʮǰͻһȫǽ֮嶼ֳһμΪصİȫ¹ʣֻϲͣܵӰ󲿷嶼˶ϳЩ˾ݡ
ֻг˴£嶼ڲŻ˾Ҳֻг˴£ڳǾŲŻ᲻ҹ㿪ʼŽա
ͨϰնǽŴҷ˿ȴһ˷ܵ͵飬Ĵ˴Ϣ
Ϣȴ߰㣬е˵Тɱе˵˴ɱӣҲ˵ǻԴ׽ֳ
֮ʲô嶼ǵҹעǲ֮ҹˡ

ӹʮ񷿺ҶͻȻһϸߵݼתһڰ֮أȻʲôˣɣ
һЦУӰһһ
һФ񻭣Ҷ˼飬һЦ˵СӾɵҶɣԴֵǮȻ˳ʮޣTMDĽԴҲûСӹ󰡣ڽϵ˶Ǯɵ˲ɣ
˵İִ׳ʮ꣬罪飬ƲСӼβͣ˵ʱһһģΪ
һߴ֮ȴݵùȣһķŷӭ㵹ʮͷŰ֮һڣȴ˵磬˷ʲôΪʮӣֵ·ϵ˺ЩʱգλȥҪܷˣɱǺûȥ
Ҷüͷһ壬˾ȻԼκһȫΪǮƶ
嶼ڣϢǳ͢ͼзֻҪץסҶһڵκܵõһʽ𡣲ҶֵܺȻУѦΪ׵Ĵħ֣ɵĳ˶۵Ҫ
嶼ʷҲ̼èս
ҹ֮Ѿ˫۾ҹţȻû˸Խ׳һ뵱ȻҲóˡ
ǰ˶Ҷƽѵһĸ֣˵ĻȻƤһȫûκθ飬Ҷһ˵ĺ˶Ȼĺ֮ȡͬϷ
ҶʧЦȻʵλδαؽҾ֮أ
ǰ֮ЦСҲ޷ֵŽ겻뽭Ҳʶá
ҶһϹҪˡ
Ըꡣ
ǰӵ˵ͷâһֵܾǰǰ߳ƣе𽣾
ŷԼ˵ǣǺһ˱гʣǸ߱𽣣бңңָҶֽȶҶİԶ΢ĸı䡣
ǸᣬҲøľȫ֮һǿ׳ģſС󣬵ҶȴɱĹԱҪ١
˶ǹ龳ĸ֣Ҷû˵š
ҶһЦع˹֣
ǡȻһЦŵСӵЩʶֵʥ꣬벻ϻ֪ǵš
ʥ
Ҷһ㱳ȥ
ⲻǡħϼôѵǼ˳ˣʲôԼǰ
¿ɲ̫ˡ
ƺǶ˲֪ԼɱӦõһ˲ɱԼˡ
֪λǷԼ֮Ѱģˡȡη룬ǰݳȥμʲôᣬһȥȫޡҪǣϻһСΪϲذףȻδЯǱӣδ飬Ҳ˱Ƿ׽ûȥġ
ֻʥȻأҲΪضڵֶ˲ϵǶ˲δõҶֵ֮Ϣ
շת·嶼ǣȴĳЩ˵ԴΪֵǮ֮£嶼ڱ߶˺ü죬ĴҴܣû뵽Ȼҹʱ־ôɲɵҶ
Ҷɵһ㶣벻ҹ֮ʾȻ̰֮ͽ
ǰ˵СӲҪ˼ҸɣҪԼܰԴҲֱӸֵʮӣǱ֤ɱ㣬صǸȫ֮ô
ûǮ
ǾԼˣֵܣ֣һȣת˲ɱ˳ӿǰһһ̶ΪѸٶȳ֣ҪҶƻδת֮ǰ㽫ѹס
Ҷһ䣬һĳȺڵͽϡ
ˣˣ
ɫâҶݴӶԷʽн赽Ըһˡ
ƺһ
һΣ˺С벽ȻֱӲҶ
Ҷ˵ǿᣬΪʥϹ书ǿӦǹ£ٺһ˫ֻצӰХУץȥ
ʱܺƿ
ӰԶΧʱŭأץסˣ
ӰŸʽĶУԲǳ֣͢ҲͲʱТҶ̾һ벻һҹ֮ȫ񹫵УЩ˵þΪǾ޶ġ
Ӱȸϵһ֦ìĬֱ򱻾𽣾סҶ
Ҷа̾Χȷѵصľ֮ʦ֮Ϊ̫ʱһӣҶɻˮñˣĸȴպ÷첹˱ÿһ϶
ҶһǿһˣѪڣջĵҲ뻯ΪأǰѾҶצӰ
ʱܸиֳ˹ʱ󼱣ŭѵģӵҲ
һһȡĲҶȴΧì֣һƥһĹâʹìֵʱǴʧɫæи񵲣ͬʱУĹâ֮䣬˱һɣǱֶ֮С
Աߵһæʵʲô

ͿŲСеȱۣһߣǣ
òֺ֪ȴպ;·෴ɣⱬһ佣ǰܷҶܳȺ˹ȥ
ʲô·
Ҷǳ
ʥ˾ûһô
Ҷһ䣬ǰľһһĸ֣ҶŭȵСӣǮûУ
ҶмƱ
ңֵܱƽ
Ҷһ߷һ֣ȺײһƬ˵лλֵܣҲס
ƨŭҪܣӾ͸׷ǳҹݣȫɱඡ
Ҷʱͷʹѡ


045 
ǰλֱǸåԼæ⣬ԶԼϵǵ
Ȼ򲻹ɼ治ú¶ԷǱϾǳʥǸӵҲҪͷȥɱˣһ꣬ɼҲû취Ѱơ
ʱҶԴʺãʵǰΪҪ£
˭˵Ҫ㣬ǱԼĲƲͷӳһɱ㣬ֻڱѡ
Աߵ𽣸źֵ֣ܳԲܰ׳СӳǮھɱ㣬Ȼٸӽ
ֺȵСӼ񵽱ˣƱСֵɽ
ҪǮĳåˡ
ҶҲǸԸԿһתȵУɽ
˵ӻͳһǮָһһڹһֵ֣һ£ƮƮ˾Ļ
Сӣֶο԰
ҶЦǰﻹи֤ǹ򣬲֪
ûֵܲǮ
ʮҶֵܲףŵҲǽӡ
Ҷ˵ֵܷѴ˵ȥƭ˶Է˵
ʲô
һͷ
ʱһƲ죬СõҪֵܸɱɼֵܾ㹦ֻҲû¡
ҶЦһ˫͵һӣ˫ǵصľһɨȥʮֱɨɳȥʱ
ͬʱλԺԸҶĳ֤һ£ǲ֡ҳǶʮĻƽ֮⣬Էϻһһλ
ʲô
ҶһЦһߣֱĶڣһһ̣̣߳ͭӡٺ٣˵ӣҿȴһ֧۶˵ǹ⣡
˵ʲô
Ҷһ˵꣬ȻǾ۵ɵԲ͵ش˹һץҶ½
ҶʱҲɶԷץ˸ʵԷ𾪷ǳʵ˵Ŀģ
ģȻģҶӹǸǹ⣬Ȼĺϸ
ôȷǸеģĿ׹¶
УһҶĻΪϵ򲻿֪ģôûĿܱǳʲô飬ʥ˶֪ʶ˵Ǿû˸ұʥġ
Ǿ̰󣬻ΪһηǱӡ
ʱɱˣͷԴﷴұ۶ϡMDҲˣҲű׷ɱǱˡ
˵˭
ҶٺһЦֱӷԷץ½ϵĴ֣һסԷļ˵ҪҸط̸
͵ؽбһӣȻɳĵâȥɾ룬һ·ϲ೬ʮΧֱƲֱȻѪɣ㶼
ҵζʱֹסΧֵĳɱһʱ˽֮С
ҶŶԷʾһĵЦݣǾһ֮󣬻صʣС˵ʵȻֵܸû꣡
Ҷظǣǣ˭Ҹʥǰˣۣǲôλ磬롭

Ҷɽڸָո뿪ƬûãӰУмӰҴҸ
һֳҵģͬʱһһ˳ʵأ
ѱɱĵĺȺ˳ӦذĻѾˡ
ˣˣȿȿȡ˱ŭһȴ۵˷Ѫ
ȴ֮ǰչ˵Ķʤ
ߣһλȫñġƹ⽣⡣
չĽУˣΪܹץסɱչ𣬷Ųƣ׷˳
ѾеΧסߵˣû뵽˴ҴҶȴȻһա
Ա߲Զɫ࣬۲һ֮ͻȻԵԣⱻɱĵ֮£ӥצֳֵҲһˣͬǽ֡
ʤһ㶣תʵTMDô£أң
Ⱥһλʤ£ϥذĻү˸ɱˣ
ʤֱȵ˵ʲôסʲôˣ
ҡҡͷʲôˣСҲֻ֪Ǽ֣ǱΧ˭֪Է˵ˡ
ʤȥ˰쾢Ȼ˭֪жˣ
һʹİӣһʹӣһŶˣһõȭŹ򣬻ùצǸʮеˡ
ˣչѰˣһţ̾һ
Աֵ߲ġƹ⽣һɻص̫԰Ѿ˶ųҹˣûκε춯ô˽Ӧأ
ʤŭˣɱҹݣһɱһŭɼҮүڣҲʲô¡
˶ʱͷ
ɼҮܣҲʲô֮١
һֱû˵ĺȴͻȻԵĪҮɴǱѾɵӸչȥϢˣؼһʱһҪǵϱΧסչҵҲóȻˣ˵ˣļǵ¡
仰һı𣬴󳳴£ȱĶʤɫǵͨ졣ŭɶػͷһƣȻ䣬·ɳȥɾ룬ڰϰ㱬ѳһѪģĺ״ֱ˰ֵ
һƺߣʤ֪Ļ쵰ٴϢǰװôһˡ
æȰⶭʤĪ˴󶯸λ˲ȴһ˿ǿһۡ
ڴʱԶһ̻ڿըһƬﶼܿɫʱһ䣬ͬʱϲ
ٹһЦҿ͸Үɴӵźŵ˵գѾҵչСӵȥߣ

һƬƿڸٴαϮȥµһɲǣҲſȥһƬǽĽֵϣֶֻһ⡣

Ҷž𽣶ֵһ·ɱʱ򣬵Ȼ֪ոԼһǶչĸףҲ֪ʱչһҲӵ;С
Ҷʱڰʥ֡
Լɱʥ࣬Ӧò˶֪£ɲҰֵܴ̫ãһǴĸط֮࣬ᷭԼҼûй¶࣬ǶҲڲͷȹԼ
ҶٽˣлڣҲʱȥ֪࣬õİ취ǾѶ˴ǰǷԵĻʸҲҪõ˲ܡ
ҶѾºþģ鷳ȥ׼ȥ֣ЩǸĻʱԶͻȻըһ̻
Ҷ۾һһ
ȴͷ˹ȥ


046 Үɵ
չڷҲ壬οȣݶӥġӥʩչ˼£һԾ𣬽ڰͬһֻϢػת˲ʮɾ룬˿ҲҪʱ̺ķ
Ǽ¥Ծˮеʱ򣬾֪Լ϶⵽˵׷ɱʮİտԽ˦ȥǸʲôҹݣ⣬ҲܰЩ˵׷
ҪģǽԼõϢͣа취Ϣٶȴʮӥ
һֶ߾ͷǰããŻֵ࣬Ƶֵɿڡ
ӹɣҪڵģչת򶫣Ǳ˽ȥ
ʱܲ٣չһƽϣӣסĿۿ
ֻ⸽ķᶼǸǽΧƣľ̨ͤԶǲƴĸ˼ңڶԶһرĸڣʱ֣еƻţⴥĿ
չ𲻴㴩լһĴ˼ҶȮԼṦٸߣҲпܾЩ𲻱Ҫ鷳ǻԼġ
չ￪ʼԼڷ߱ڣֻ·ϼбɡ
չĵĽֵʱо׺
ʵκκֻһѵʶͻȻһ˿ΣյĸоһһǰƮɣһۣڶ淿ת
Ծͬʱ֮ڶովλѾһСֽƬԲȦɫҫľĺ⡣
һ˴ݺ˳վ˵֣ɫλչĴ̿ȴλͷñޣµһԺɫСѥòŮ
ʱе˳ָϻͣżȦһ˫۾˵һĺؿչ
Ů÷ǳΣӿȧȴһǰСߵ㣬ƤҰõĸо
һѼȽִؿɤòŮ˵ǸӥĶôȻúӢҲܲӦҲܿ졭ԭñķۣѵģܿϧǡӥĶӣҾҪɱˡ
ϧ˵ȴȡ飬˷ֲʵĸоԷڸԼЦֻչȴҴֺΪԷղŶֵ˲䣬ȷҪɱĽࡣ
ԷһԭĴ磬ԳƹҮͽܡ
չɵò³ֶԷݣ󿴵ԷϹŵʱȷԼĲ²⡣
ǰصʱһͻʲзǳеĵӣϷ΢䣬ǰбûл֣ŲԵƽƽƽĥ޿ӣֻдʼΪ
ŮϵǼƷϵĵӳ£ԣ
ԷǱһʦҮͽܣֵȼҲ׵õԷǵĹ壬Ҳ϶ĳ峤Ů
ҹ紵Ůķ˿һƵƮչıǶˣ淼𥣬Ƣ
չ΢΢һЦҵ˭ԭǲԭϵ飬ݵ˰չܼеġҡ
˭ϵչһ֮ȴ˰Ĵŭεһȵ֣ĸˣҲŲҪ޸Ǹ
Īĺȴչһ㶡
ڴʱԱߵڴһˬʵĴЦʼʱڶʮɿ⣬ڶѵ⣬ʱѾƵ̤ᣬ˽ͷ
˱ҹѵһ̩ȻֻŸ
ڶʮ塢䣬ͷϴһձñʿۣһƤģòΣէ磬˫ȴ쳣ʵ߹֮أȻһǳĽӡΪֹе㻪幫Ӹζ
ĿɨչϣչʱĸоǶԷĿдĳζʵ
˽ĵԱߴһ壬˫ֹ֣ûʩ񷽷ǸչҮʦǰӺ׿ʦðʦ軵ˣչĪ⡣ΪѾͷΪԱҺĶ٤ĳƺҲǴ͢ģҲһᡣչ֣֮
ԭˡ
չһƺץסʲô
ⶼȥĶԷʱ֣ҮĵӣԼûʲô¡
չһЦ˵ҶԺ׿ҲǾֻ棬ԭΪ׿Ҳһλܣ벻һչĳʧ
Ǻ׿չһҲһ𾪵ؿԼһ̵չֺԣ׿ˡ
չ׿һ٩٩̸ǵȴԱþλ׼ΧɱչĳֻϧֶЩ׾ԣչĳ͸
׿ɫһ䣬ߵʵΪչ̫Ҫǲò
һ죬Се㱾£ʦ֣ԸҪǵġʮǲЩ̫ˣ
ŮֶչŭչĲίһս͹Թ־ܣӮһ֮
˵һָȦֶȥԹ·߲ͣ仯ÿȦһΪӰسչȥԼҲһγ䵶˹
Ǻ׿ҪȴһۿŰȥֻһ̾ɱ
һ飬ԭͷһԿװõӥצʱһԱϸߣңңסצ䣬ɭˣչȥͣд֮硣
Ȼ˫ΪУչȴλֱڿСѾͷͣʱ˵֣ʱʹ죬һ٣ӭȥ
𡭡
չнâѾץסȦһȫһŷʱǺ׿һЦƣӥצԼٶȳԽչ֡
࣡
һ죬չ仯ĪצӰϮӥצıԵ׿ǿһжʱȫӥצʧȥֱ׹档
չʱһ벻ǿĹȻֻһУѵ׿Ǹ廨ͷô
չδӭİѾһɰСŮǺ棬һƥĵϮ壬չһץȴץС
ʱԭ׿Ѿ׹ֻӥצȴͻȻ̧ͷҲ֪ʹʲôַֻɲǼƮ۵չλϡ
һ˵ӥצҲѼɳƿ˸Ȧչץȥַ֮
½˫˿ۻҡ
չҲ˵ãΣң֪ԷǲԼеϢᣬǺ׿ĿʵֻǱð
չһɿץסҲܿ˶Էֺӥצ


047 

һߣչ˰벽һʱĲȡ
չһб˶ְ벽һĵԼ벻ͱԼС˲ٵŮȻ˵ز
ģΪε˻֪٣ǰԼ
֪һΪʱԶһЩطѾֳΧ

׿ٴγֵһչ𵯷ɣһ֮£չһȴȥ
׿мһԵСʦԿöʦֳֽѵһ֪ϧĶӥ
Ƶӥд΢һ£˵ӥצʱɰǧӰˮкصǽڵչȥ
ǰһض㵽һߣС죬ݺݵضչ
û˰Ǻ׿ǽһԭչѾС֣벻Էȫ֮۷ȡơﵽһֵѵֺºǣﾹȻγ˺ɨǧơ
Ȼʦͽɴ֮ɼҮܹԼ֮ڱڲΪɼаȷ֮ʵǡʢ֮ʿ
Үѧʦӥ֮
һ֮ӲӵɼҮĵͥʮûдһҲŷǸֵ֧Ļʸ͢޷һ˫ָѾ˵ȷˡʿ˫µһӢۡӡ
Ү֮ͽӥ֮ӣվһս֮Һ;ʳ̶ȣʵǳ
ֻǺ׿ЦСӥ㺮⣬סԼǰɷԲƿХͣܲ͸عǰġСӥչ
СӥչӥʳӰ£˷زͣ˻ȭŲãСӥӰצƿնӥХ磬ֶΣÿһ˻ܴӺ׿Ĺн赽һ˿ӶԼڿյĸߣ˻ĸͣÿһζһθһ֡
׿֮ǰĹӦ磬ԽǹԽľ⡰Сӥչܹɾȷǿ׵Ӱ죬ֵµӲʳ̶Ѿ󳬳ԤڣԭĽԣѾǺܿλСӥ
׿֪˽ȥǸȻԼҪȡʤʹУԽԽǲ
Ȼһӥͷӥץ͵صŹâһһңͻȻһһ죬չӲӲؿһ
׿ǲˣչǵɵУշȦٿȻ䣬׿еġӥ͵سǰԭһ˫ץѸޱȵתҫ۵ľ⣬ֱչظȥ
ʱ˿̣չڰУ޴ۿҪڶԷһ³Ը
Ү
˷ܵƽкá
ڴʱչһߣӥХֹ͵һǺ׿ǿһڼչ˲䣬ͻȻץ˸գԭͬӥչչȴٿȻһ۵šӥ˿ߣ˲㵽˺׿ǰ
˾벻չȻ˱ֶΣִټ׿һãֱչСһƺߣ׿ͨ죬亹ֱðԭԼõһűչָţץ˸ţѵ˶˲ľʹú׿㺰ֻǿĸԣ
ͬһʱ䣬չһֻѾبֱʺ
ʱгҶʦ磡
ͬʱӰʮӰֳصìͬ㳯չȥ
ȺҮֱѾ˺Χֻк׿ǰûóȻ֣ʱǼΣǹ˲ʲôأһս
ǰʱȵסͣȻԵŵôסˡȻǸӲûɱĽŮѡ
صʱ̣Ǻ׿Ҳչ¶Լ׺һ棬չһצȻܣ˫ַӥ˫ָӣ繳رչ۾˹ȡܾ˵ֶΡ
ߣǭ¿
չһצ֡ʩչ͵ʽһỹеĶԷСȣ׿ʱվȣû߷֣һ̽ȡʺȡ˫֣У׿˫ֹʱ飬չ飬ֻʱöԷ˫޷УûнƹɷĩҪƹ⽣һ㣬ȻǸз³
׿һҽУ˫ʩչչ˫㣬ڶԷֵǰ֮ʣѾһס˶Էʺŭĸվס
ʮλνġʮʱ޴룬ǰ벽
һİʱ֪£ؿź׿ſǻʵʦ磬ôˣ۲ۣŭչ߳˵ӢۣԭǸˣ
չԵչĳû˶ҪѵһǿôСϷ治ģؼȥɡ
׿չ𣬺úݵֶΡ
չЦ׿֣ĪֹǺȹǻлκãƾʦıֻҪɸ£Ȼָ󻼵ġ
ôҶʦ磡СѾͷŭȵ
ܼ򵥣ôҵҵģµĶߡչȷ϶ԷҵԼֶΣȻܻǰ·Լ
СʦãҪ˵׿žʹ󺹣ҧ֡
չʧЦʱˣ㻹װʲôú˵͵ס˶Է͵˫֣ԷһҽУ˵
˵˵˺Ҷʦ硭СѾͷУ˵ʵǱʦ͵͵򻨵ĻۣɫᣬֻһܹζǱʦֵġ
ԭˣ
չȻ򣬹ֲԼûзκ쳣ȴȻ׼ȷظٵ٣ִδ˵Ķ㣬Լá
ãȻôұ֤˺׿ֵģȺˣһ򣬸Һ˶ʮɾ롭
׿ŭߵչݡ
Ȼ˽ҵΪˣ´ξͱҡ
Ⱥһˣ
ǡʮȥǰڣ˶˳ʮɾ֮չȷʱԼߣҲ׷֮ĺ׿ļ򣬵׿֣лپۣ
˵꣬ˮ˶׿ȵƳȥɾ룬أչҲƮƮһӥХҪߡ
ɾڴʱչɶݶȥķϣһˮ֮У͵һ˻ӿһܽ쳣һɫƤ¡ͭߵɱִбֱеչȥ
ԷһһϰգֱӲסչȣ
ãмˣ
չд𣬶Է͵һקչӿВOͬʱԷԾضһеһֱϻӻһԽչӳΡ


048 
ͻȻչһԷȻòˮ֮ڶʶͻȻĹʱٲ֮ء
Լ̫ˡ
ۼԷҫâҪϮ壬չһҧŽ˿׵˫ӵһ͵سŶԷץȥ˫־ϣҲҪܿҪһ
ͬһʱ䣬ԷסСȣ˳ŶԷͷȥϣһܾ˵ĲҪ򷨿öֹ˼һΪԼȡһ
Ȼ˫бĺâչһҲǸҪ
ȻˣֻӲӲˣ
չкݾһڽżʮֱֵжԷһŽ߸ǶϽۣǿԽֵ顣
ͭ߸һЦͻȻɫһͬͿһ֬չһ׼ȷжԷļ򣬵·Ǵһ㣬ԽԽԸٶȻһԡ
ԭΪȻ˶ֵһţȴ޹Լܾ˶ɵãչΪ𡭡
ڶԷϮǰɲǣ͵һϺȴĪţˣ
չһ񣬶ͭµ˫۶ʱһһӴӲ洫ͭɱִεŭͻһƫʱӿա
չ䲻ݷرܹ˶Էһ˫һչһڲסСȵһšһʱϳء
ʧȥչһӥХվֱ֮⡭
Ǳߵͭɱ͵һܿҲڵ֮ϡ
˾չһεģȻǴ׸Ҷˡ
벻ﾹȻòĶ磬ҶʷᣬɵҲ˷ܲѡ
磬벻Ȼ㡭
չ΢΢һЦңԼͭɱֺҮӼм䣬ԼҶͭɱγ˼л˫Ȯ˭
ǸɣȰ鷳½ඣ
˵˵ҶٺһЦͭߵɱЦʥٺ٣ԩ·խ벻ôּˡ
Ҷ֣չҲ΢΢һ㶣֪ɱԼλɱ֣Ȼµһɱ֯Ѫɷɽеһλ
Լո롰ƹ⽣⽻֣벻ôһλλ书Աֹ߳һټķһչʶѾʮȻûֺ֪ܲһղŵչҲǺ²ѡ
ǡʥһ㣬һûɱ㣬벻Ȼƻҵĺ¡
ҶɵЦӦܵùɣһ͵Ϯɣһʧ֣ɱֲôϸɱʧ֣ӣҶ䣬кãӵõ
ҶһƣʥҲǲʾ׼ö֣Աߵչһ֣ߵ͵Ϯңⳡԣͽɡ
չĶң
ʮΧĺ׿ɫ԰ףǿԵҺ׿ǰĸУ
չ°ܽ£һЪİɡ
չ͵Ϯ㶪һӻܲ
Ҫ֮ʱԱ͵һɤӺҶģүүûʱ㿴ϷҪôǸȥ£ҪôǸͽ𡭡
һɤӺڳ˶һ㶣⻰ﻰĸͷġ
չȻѾͬҶˣֻǶԷʼնûΪ׼ԮֵļˣһԷ˵Իô£ɵЩʵλǰǡ
ٷϻش𣡡
Ҷ˵βҰǰƱߣ˵
һ˷ܵð𺰵
ӱһ򣡡
𽣶˷˶⽣Ӱʥɱ˹ȥͬʱдһȣɽ
ǡʥһŭӭˣȴһֱﲻ𽣣书ǿľȴź׿ɱ˹ȥ
ԭǾ𽣶Ҳǿʥǣ𽣲סԷȥɱ书һصĵ֣ȵɱЩʵĸ֣ΧɱʥⷭıѾǽ󻯵ķˡ
ĳЦУ磬ֻһ棬ĵֱѽѪ׵ˣֻܵҮѡѵġʮȻףԹ龳ĸִ֣֮Ȼûжֻƺأһʱɥʧ˶ֵʣµԼóӦеĳͺУ˲㽫˶ľΧ˵м䡣
ǾһҲǳһ٣ͦӲҶСӣýӣҪǼۣ
Ⱥеİʱ۾һţǵĹɱˣøǺööǮ
٣ؼʱˡ
ҶʱѾչϵһչһͳǮһ߷һߺǼۿԣһȸ㶩𣡡
ˣ
һҶ˰أȴҶζڼǮۿǰʲô¶ܳ֡
ֻ͵һֺԭʥòֺͻȻǰĶ֣ͬʱŰ˹ȥ
СѾͷֵǮүүƱˣ
Ҷ㵱Цˣλ磬ԱߵǸСҲǹӵܣҮͽܣֵǮģ
ǰȻû뵽龹Ȼݱ䵽ȵز˵̰ôôԼȫأ
ԱѾ˵ĺ׿ʱ󼱣һưȵߣֶǡʮȵɱ
ɱɱɱ
ȺԭֵĶ־ȻһأҪһ赲𽣵Ĺơ
ǿ˫ݵһ֣ϹҲʣ˳ս𽣶Ҳ˼˺ۣѪһ˷Ǯһ㣬۾ֱðܲ˵һٳɱ֮ոյɱֹһ
˵һԱչ䣬ǿߣ
չȵȣɱʥ
ûʱˣ
Ҷ䣬ԶһХҮĴЦƱҮͷˣҵҪλдˣ
ˣ
Ҷչһݣһۺתܣ
ת˼µṦԱߵġʥӦûüǰһ̳Ѿӳȥʮˡ
Ӱһˡ
һ죬𽣸Ժ룬ʱȴ
б԰ѣֱͬʱͣȻҮһǰ𽣵һҲûֵʲôˡ
ʱҶչѾߣһȣҲͬʱˡ
ʦ˷Ī˽ҮĻС
Үظ˸Է


049 
ҶҮصʱ֮ززǾҲǿͷãӴܡ
ߣ׿Ҫָʾʣġʮȥ׷УȴҮֹ׷ˡ
׿Աߵġʥһۣæѹɤʦչ𡭡
Үһֹ֣ͽܵʣ´һ˲ɫΪʹɷ׵ĺ׿΢΢̾һưɡ˵ţǰϸһ
ʦͽƲ£׿Ȼǿ˵
죡ҮϺһ˫͵סͽܵ˫֣˹һۣϸܵ𣬺׿׼ʱҺ߳
ߣ֪죬˰ɣҮɫ࣬ѵһĶˡس˴ܸĸǵİ
֪
ǡʮɫƣϸԴˣصѾԲѣѪѾֹסʱûΣա
Үѵ⣬ҲǲҶԣɫͨشͷ

ӰУۡ١ʤ˾ԵΪٸݲ¶ػرܣûе
һأǺ۱㼱æʵҮСӥ
Ү˵ͷû˵Աߵġʥ廰ѾסˣϧͻȻɱҶλ龳ĸ֣ǰ˸ˡ
˶ʱ̾һ
׿ŭϧʦһȻȺһ˵ء
һԵġʥȴһϧ׿ִ֮ЩˣȻĳȻչѪ
һ˵̧ԼʦһȴǰԼûãܰһæ
ʵҲȷˣʱܹչ£ʥϻչ𣬶Ȼɥʵʱ龰ҪûҶֹʥչҲʥ³Ը
ʥһ仰ʱú׿̧ͷͬʱĵҲŭãʱҪʥֱϹչԼҲڰڶԷ£ˣпҶϵ֮ǰչ
ֻⷬȻͷջΪԼܶˣ׿һǻŭ޴ӷй
ԱߵҮȴͻȻŭһʵСֶεǺգΪμͽ֮ʲϳԹۣʹͽˣҿǰףͽ
Ү͵һ٣ӰѾΪһ̳ʥ˹ȥ
Ҫ
Үס֣
ԼˣԼˡ
벻Ү˵ֱ㶯֣ͻȻ֮侹ȻûһüֹҮʥĳС
׿ʦԼʱΪҲŽкãֻͬΪѪɷġƹ⽣⣬ȴһЦʥ֡
Үֵһ˲䣬ʥҲ˷ӦΪһɱ֣ʥķӦѾһһĿˣֻҮĹ֮䣬ʥʧȴȻԷѹƣգۼʮѹʥķѾн˵һоͻᱻԷ˵ΧֵȺȻӿȴɾԮ
ڴʱһຮȻ˶ðһƤ񣬡աû˶С
ԭҮͻȻüͷһ壬ٿȻԾ˵Ŀⶼͬʱķ˹ȥ
ɫ£һӰнûǰ
ûԶԷһ߳߶೤ľһ·һ߿ٵû̽ŵ桭
óԷӦǸϹӡ
˿ʱÿ˶ǵһƴסС죬Լڶ
һҲۣѾϴķףȴǸɾ쳣
һͷ׷ԺƮüëףȴһҲûУͿж͡ݵͬݹǣʣµļ׵ĺֱƵģһ˿ѪɫҲûУ԰׶͸촽಻⣬һֳһֹǦɫ
ȴ۾˫۾ҳоȻȫ۰ףʯƵģݷᡣ
һɹɷһش
ɷ
Ӱ࣬ϥأ
ǡƹ⽣͡ʥ
ٺͺһۣͬʱЩ̫ȻЦǰӭӵԭǡѪɷĵ˵ˣʧԶӭ
޳
˽
Ȼ롰ѪɷǺϵҲǵһμλϹӵңҶԷϵʵ˸еûһĵ׷
ֻ޳һЦ𻰣ԽȺֱߵҮǰͣ½ŲӣͻȻ͵˦˦ͷǹɤ̵ޣһζҵ˭Ƣô󣬸ҽѵҵ£ԭǱҵҰˣֲô֪
󵨣

ʮʮҪ֣ȴҮһֹλһʦͻȻЦˣǰϹӻ޳Ǹֳգȴ߱ɱɩ޳
ֳͻȻ֮Ĭˡ
˶һΪõԤУһֱԲĺۺҲɫһ䣬ٲһ䡣
޳ͻȻЦˣЦЦǰϡ
ʥ˻һۣˣΪ֪ԼλҾǸ񾭲Цʱ򣬱ŭҪֵʱ
ͬģҮҲٺٵЦ
ֻŶԷЦ濴Ҫж졣
⼸ϢУ֮ռΪ֮һ㣬ص˴żͬһʱ䣬ͬʱ
ҮһΰγԼıУһµС֮еǰҲ˶٣ƽʱͲǰؼʱ̵һ֣¶ǰ䵶ʡ
һʣ⻪Ŀؼ䶼·˰磬˶Ϊ֮ĿĿѣвֱӡ
ǵҲϹٱϹһΡ
޳νĶƽȶ٣ֱغ϶ΪһبŲİνû˿϶Ѱʹ˸еʽĵһУǾأûпʼûսᡣ
еĽȻǸ߳ߵĹӣҮĶ̵ԳļٳͷʱĳɲسţԷĵͷ֮ʱǱ泤ıδγһ룬ǡһ޳ýʽʵʵصס˶Էһ
ˣ
ɲǵŷȻ޳߳߳˳޳һ֣ͬһʧҹɫС
Ү۾гһ죬ߵ޳ҼʶһĹ֮ɣ
ԸйХһĹűĺĹӰвʱһһ׹䣬ֱҮϵĸҪѨȥ
úãҮЦһűȵҵġ񵶡շС
ڰҹɫ͵رһųҵͷʱ磬ʮﷶΧڣ׹ң̫׹ǰ


050 һǹ
ɲǼı˰嶼ǡ
ԭѾԶԶӿҶչȻͷȥԶؼһףε˲ֱӡ
׹䣬˺أ֮
ҶĿصҵعԹԣʲôڶ֣ѵĽô
չνһȻҮôĹâҲֻġ񵶡ʵ֡
񵶡Ҷ̲סЦλҮĺɼˣѧ϶ҪѹԷһͷɼǡѩ񵶡˸񵶡񵶣ǡѩڡжζ
չҲЦŵ˵ͷ֤ҶĲ²⡣
ҶȻֵ֪˭϶Ǹʥ򣬽ǣӦǡѪɷĴ󵱼ҡ޳ˡ
ûһ嶼ʲôţ񶼵ء
չʣ֮Ƕ˭ȡʤ
Ҷ룬ҿ˽ֵʵҲû˶֣ԺжϡӴ˵ǸɼаҮһշǷɱֳٵֶ˿ȶԷԶԶȥƾУҸоȻҮҪһЩ
չ϶ص˵ͷ
Ү׾ˡ˷ǰ嶼һĿĻǷɼϣ˵ɼһݣôҮȫȫһֻϺꡣı󶯣ޱҪԲ˶֡
ҶɻΪʲôҪ֮ͬһ޳أ۾һòǹΪ֮ɣѵĿɼ
ʲôչһ㶣ʵЩҶ˼ά
Ҷһ£˵ҲҮԭĿģΪ˸ǵĵĴ󺹰£пǳԶԭ˳ʱ򣬺ԭɼһʤ
չǸӦñ˱ͻôôԭѽ֣
ҶٺһЦΪϺҪˣ˵ҪΪˣɼɾ衭
չҲ޶֮ˣ룬ͷɼ̫أߣҮпܻŶԷ˵ġ
˵䣬Զ׹һðҵԲ˵ķʽܼҶչͬʱһ
չ̲סܾˣҶӣĲʮа˾ȷˣ죬Ҳ죬Ү¾ͻ˵ˡ
Ҷŵһ嶼ȫıսΪ·ģȻ׼ʱɼսˡ
չͬص˵ͷ
˿ԶѾսᣬתǱ˰
չͷҶͻȻʵ˵ǵ飬ȻôΣգ㲻ڳҹţܳʲô
°
£
ҶٺһЦԼһ˵ǰǰؽһ飬չְԼ뷨һ˵ͬʱ̾һ̾˵Ĳá
չ̾Ϣ벻͵Ϯ֮¾ȻһڿһǸһسҹݵĺãμ¶ҹϾͷ˼ɻ䣬ˣҵȥټּ֣ñһ򾡡
ʱԶһĽŲȻһɹ
עǸҹТձɱȴѾȫǣ͢ĽѾʼ𻧵ж
ԶٵطѾ󳳴һЩص嶼һƬ֮С
չüͷһ壬쵰òô˻켺ɣҰ嶼ǸôңóûҹݡУǸϽȥ
ˣ
Ҷһѳסչɫصô㣬ǻȥҲͶһתҵиƸ۵⣬Ϊ񱨸ʱǵעҲһǷһϣԡ
ԣչЩӦ
ҶٺһЦʱ򷴵Ǵɱʱ
չʱһضҶ˰죬̾¶ǻʸз޻ᣬҪѿǷ֣֮ļ飬ԭ鱨˷ֽһţǿѾûκƴˡ
ףٴΰյТʸжʱڣûдɱ
ԣӦþصҹݣȻ󾡿ܿ뿪嶼ǣڴ˵ضһ̣ͶһΣաȻǰ;ãҲùﱻΧߵ³
ҶȴΪ˶ô룬ǲٴγֵĻᣬ˿ҵȣ̵磬ƢͻԸʹ˼β֮ززô
չ̾ðɣһοԳɱǹҵģһԣ޴֣ܣҲԳܡ
İɣϧء
չڲȡǰע˾ʵʩϣƬ̣ʵҪɱʸҪ֪ľλã֮ǰĵطѾ㷢֣֪ڻȥô
ҶٺһЦȻ֪

Т֣ܻĵطС֮⣬иط֣ԺһũСԺ
ﱾ֣չñĵطرһ˵ȣȻҲ֣ˡ
֣Ȼ˼Ĵ̼֣չòڵʱڣڴ˴ܻԼɣѾڸСΧҶҲο֣ﲻͣطƢȻһֱ
ңҾ͵˽ᡣ
»Ҷ֣֮ڣ⼸ջ񣬿֣չҲ֪򼴱Ƣٺã̹ҲѪ
ѾǰϦˡ
ʱҹڰʱ̣Ҳһ˽䱸Ϊʱ򣬶æһǣʱҲǸӵ롣
˯֮飬ܹʮ첻߲ݣʱҲⲻЩƤ
֣һСҶչٴǱ˻ڴ˴ͷ
չʵôʸô
û̫֣Ҷ
չ̾Ҳˡ֮ǰĲ²ûТǷǸ׼ֲλѡİȫǸȻȫԸôܱΪǿ龰Ϊʲôκεڰڴأѵû
Ҷҡҡͷʸɫ죬֣չõŶ˽ͨʲôҸɵģɱǻʸķôǸ¶һԼĵʶҲŵġ
չһѵֵطҪʸǻ󱦣¿ɾˡ
ʱ˸һλԸߵĸ֮ϣðԶ֣οУڴ󲿷ֵĵطǺһƬʮԺȴǵƻͨй˿֮ż԰߶
չŭһTMD˹˵ǲ˺ԼɷݴѶܲˣȻڸٿᣬҹ֣ǹҪġ
ŮҪǷſˣ˼ʮһ𶼲Ƕ֡Ҷ̾һ䣬һչѹע⣬ˣ


051 ;
ʵҶѣչҲѾԶͷһӳӡ
ϵĻ˵մȨТʸ
ſסݵľʿһңһЩȦڣǶʮʽĸֻֻǿƣ㶼Ͼĸ֡
Ҷһ۱пʶǾСİչ󣬾̫š׿ݡҾƽݡΰԳɡ
ĸ˻òȻТ۵ף˻֮һպТɹǻЩ˱Ȼйӹٽڻ¡
ʮ֮һġؤΪڻʵйջʸؤҲһġˡ
һɽ֦ͷ˷ˣؤֶǼȮ죬ӵҪ仧ڸרְܱѵĽͷåˡ
ʱТںܣƽ׿ͬģ¶ʮˣ书ҲǲµĻжʮڵľˡ
Ҷ̲סզộ˽˵ͷô̫ߵ˰ɣ
չ֣ڿ˿ӦǲμġѾɫﻹϾۼ֣ڵҲѰǸ֣˵ڷǸݲͣ׿ʦãżøΣԷǸʦõټȺ֣չãŻǿ԰쵽ġ
ʱۡڸڶ࣬ҪǻʸϮɱҪǳˡҪҪڶ֣Ҷʵ
չõӥڵʱ𹥻ġǵȡ
һȱһ졣
ֱڶĻƻ᷽Ž
֣֮ڣ½½뿪
չҶ˿˸С
չϴʶ㣬ʶٽϵʱһʱ뿪˵أ̲ס߶棬ɡۣôЩٰʮϼһҲˣһҶꡯı¥ͽҲˡεͬСɣӦǷǸڴټһѰ֡
ҶҲڵ㿴вʶɡϼһҲˣм֮ˣٺ٣ǸͷǰôԱ߸ҵλһɳէˡ
Ҷصʮ֣ⳡ岻ͬ졣
һ٣ҶЦף벻ݵҲԶĴˡ˵ϵģйġúõһۣ嶼нһģǺǡţǼ˭
ҶͻȻǰһָżֵʵһλĸ߶ע⡣
չһЦŵΪ׵ŵĳңıһġֻء塭

Ҷָ֮ǰǾԼһε壬ҵʱԼеı佣ʧڣҲпǱλּߵġ
ȻõĽǱߣҪȡؾϼˡ
佣Լõı¾Ŵ󱦽еġ񽣡δ֪µİ˴󱦽λ󳼣죬ֿѰδҶ˾ͽУ佣ԼУʣµһϵС
佣ϵĴǣˡ챦֮һġͭ˵ʲôҪȡصġ
ҶͷѰ˼ϵϣԱߵչͻȻȵȻдµ
Ҷһ̧ͷȥʱ֣Ĵſλһ˵Ӱһ㶣а룿ӾȻҲ嶼Ǹ治СȻѽŹǸ֮ҲǹҽϣϽҲҪٸԭְɣ
չӦûô޳ܣʸЭʮ˿̹ʹެпܳոջصʧ˿ݡ
Ҷչɫ࣬ӼᶨǳʸǸľġ
ʱŴТʸӰصǵģΪԴӱǸȷΪǻѡλھڻʵǰһС΢Тüжֹš
һĳ佫ǰͣңӵ黺
ߣ
ȷһ³ǰķҶչųӵǰ˹ȥ
֣ļֵѾȫվ嶼ͻʸµĻǼžĳֻ֣ͳĥַ籩ǰѹʹ˶кصĸо
أһ꣬ʹԭĻƻӻ
չһٽֵĵ֮ڣϰΪ֮ǰ˵ʿֵҲĻ¼֮زز
Ҷչʶˣױȷˣɵض˽
ҶݳȥƬ̧̣˸ӻչһЦۣһеԲˬ
ҶٺһЦֻҪãҲá
ĶҶѹϵλҵ¥ͻ
ȥɡ

Ҷչ׵ʱһͷТĳҲѾ˽ֿڡ
ͷһԶʮУξɵӣ׾к⣬쿪ֵ
鵱У˼һܶĹƽǰУͳڶָ̫ҦǰЦҦ¶һ䣬·׵𣿵˿ڴɱҶܣľʣԷײдɱ
ҦѮ̫࣬ҲΪӢʣһŹ˳˵һߴͳһ˲ͷڵĺգЦǶ˰ɣһССҶүǰѾ޹ʱôڴˣ˵еô˵ģ˵ӼһЩֻҪˣͱߣӼɱүԾ󻼡
˳ɲҶǸɲǵģ֪ٴΣ˿޿֮ܵ٣Լò˸ɽֲ⿿ɽٵ̨
ȻԼһ˰ӷǸָӣǲȴɥ֮Ȯ˼ݣδ̫ˡ
Ծ֪ǰү̫ҦЩǼˣΪϿҵؽҦȻ书ǶһµĺãõʱҶү
ҦΪϷʵؿ˹˳һۣ̲ס͹ˣӼҼˡٺ٣ŵҶ˴ҶǼΪηģӼɾͲ㵣ˡĸ֡ǸһЩġ
˻ﶼǶʱЦ׷׳ɨ˳һˣгζԡ˼ԣӿɲǼǰûá
˳ɵð΢ŭ


052 ִɱ
Ϊһ֮Ĺ˳˵װ˵ľٶֻû뵽Լʮĵͷһȴ˼ҵƨɣûеõӣ˵һ١
£òͷ
˳ҲҹҦŸɣֻһֻصԼĶ鵱С
ͬʱΧ˹Գ̲סϹˣǸ缸ùˣҶȺСֻ¶ǣǵĽ飿
׿ŭŬ죬ҪֱӰǵĲ²߸Ǹˣ
ڴ֮ڵģȻٲ˷Ǹĸ֣źװɹŮˣǷǸľԸ֣ڻһλǸĴТʸ
Ǹˣ˳һڿŲǵĸ缸ģǷǸˡǸҶһСӣʧ裬Щ߰ԴŮ˻ΪԼˣôȻᣬõľǰøµˣɣǸĸǵͰõʱƵãҪ񣬱ж񡣡
һһֱĬչЩҵصҲǲ¶أҲҶǲٴðմɱأ
˶ʱ
ã˳̾һԸ˰ɡϧ첻֪ΪʲôǸеһĻš԰缸֮ԶһЩһʲô⣬Ҳ꼰㡣
ͬʱ˵ͷʾĬ
Ȼֻǿͷͬ˿¶Ǹ԰̥ΪΣǰͬʱҲĻ
ԼܹΣʱ̡ҶĴɱǰס˻ʸǾָأ
˵һĴ
Ҳ˳׿ԳɺչȻͻ¹ʱ󳷣ȴҲ˽ҵϣԼܹô˻ٲһ֮
˸ֹ㡣
ӳǰС
žĳֻ֣ͳĥַ籩ǰѹʹ˶кصĸо
ܲñѾƻظӻ
һȻķͬС¼һ꣬ҲǼ
չһͷӽһĽֵ·ڰ;ͻȻǰһ˻˺ȣӳʱͣ
ô£̫Ҧȵ̽ͷ̽Եǰһʱһһ
ֻǰʮԶİȻһߴӰֶ
˶һһĪѹ֮
Ҧסȵǰˣүݣѵô
ڰеӰǰ𽥲ǰĵƹ֮УһӢͦչڴ˹Тݣ˳үԴһã
Сӥչ𣡣
һһʱסˣɱȻǴɱҾȻĿŵĴɱǼδδš
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ⷬҦ൤ΪеףΪʸϽµĸּȫҪ˵йǶԷбǿıʸδΧ֮Уս
չͷЦСⷬչĳĶˣµչ𲻻ǺúõվôٿЩļһͷʲô˻л˵ⷬǵ³ǽĽ֣У
չ͵شֱܵߣһȣһ˼ſڵľ޴ˮ׸˵ٵѱŷˮׄxǼԽʮɵľ룬ȺǸ˹ȥ
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Сӥչһһܳĸ֮һСڡӥչ۷ɵĶ£űӵܶʮٱŬȫĵͶѧ֮Уŵؼʵ
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׵ļδüӦ㱻Ĵˮҷ˳ȥʱͬһ࣬ҽжڱѵ
⼸˿µҲͬʱƷڵأˮϹЮҹײһƬ
չˮ׺ˣʱ˥ߣԳֻ֣˱ܡ
ˮ׺նǰ׷׶ء
ڽæ㣬ֻŵѸӣΣ˻˺ɢܿ
ݣ
СڻʸߵҦΪģһȾ˲پסĸ֡
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Һ屻ըɢһƬֵپ϶壬ЩľȴϺһûסϮĲҺ塣
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Сĵ˷Ż𣡡
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ЩҲǷ׷㣬˭Ҳӻ֮УҲ޷ڻмֶá
ƿͷ֮ʱжģвɢܵģҲз˻ġɾ֮ʣ˷ŷͷƿնĲǰĻ֣ǼڴҪǼڴڰһ
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μͬʱڿգְֵʱ̣ҶԾ˵ĸٺͺ˵׼ںİϣ˫͵һңʮơХֱ֮Ӻ
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ΧķǸýͬʱνڿգİѳ볯ҶĽڰл۳һߣʱȻŮӶþĺϻ֮
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ʵľĺȻ촷һ㣬ľмܷɢԭѾӽڶྫʱһأ¶ƤǵðѪǱľмƤֳһƬǽ壬ذ֮


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ǿһ֮£ıȫ飬ܷɽȴ˾㶼޼չ¶ǰ
ТʸͷǸĸ榻ͮ
ʱλǸĸֳ˫ƣֳ֮ڣͨƵһ𣬻סԼһԵТ
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Ҷ鳵һٴԷһǿԷͬ·ѹ˰࣬ܵ榻ͮĳ֣Ȼѹ˽ֵϵʯ֮Уûһ㣬ɴҲɼ榻ͮĻжǿͣҲ֤˷Ǹ书Ȼֻ֮榻ͮھȴȻҶӡ
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Ҷһ£һ榻ͮʱһѪͬ飬ȫһܣ˵ʯϣǱ
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ҪͷҲұʲôȣֱӿġ
ôһ˵Ҷʱ֤ʵԼĲ롭
TMD
ҶŭһԾӴܡ
ԷȻȻͻţпⲼһֵ֣
ȻҶһ֮Զƿ½ԷȻиְв֣ȴԼ֮УҲûϵҶ׻زЩ־˵Զǰ
ҶڴΧڱΧסôһյתصġ
ҶһӴܣṦѾʩչ˼ޣǰֻһ̣ҶѴܳȥʮɾ롣
ء
һŽԶۣһΧڣҶչ𶼱ΧģΧȦλãĽֵ
չ֮ǰͶ֮󣬱Ѿʧȥټ϶ڰΧȦڣֻҶһϴصѰҰΧȦĿյ
ߣ
Ҷһ֮ϣԱܳ۴󺺣ǰһ书Ϊ߾һΪһֱҶʺ
ҲķΧҲ¶ֵò
һҶꡱı
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ո֮ʱʸ벻ȴһ·ȴΧҶˡ
ı֮ˣ˼֮ϸ˵Ҷ˻գðɱһְⳡΧԣҶչΧڴˡ
Ҷãָָһ㣬һʹˡ񽣡ġг彣ʽ󿪴ϣۻ룬ֳʱһƬ裬ƥ
һҶꡱıȻͬҲǹ龳Ϊһ벽Ҷֻ֣֮䣬Ѿ·磬һıһͷͷƤͷϷɨϣͷһ´
ıһˣʱŷԳԼ֮⣬ͬļɸʬ飬ݶ֮ϡ
ıʱսĺٱӣҶ׷ɱ
Ȼ䱳һһöкģı۵³һѪ׷ɳȥ
ҶáָͨıȴûʱȥɱʱΧɱϳľ֮ǰչرָǰˡ͡ɡۣһʦĸ֣ԼֻǱıƬ̣㵽ǰɾ롣
Ҷҵתܣ
ҶһΪһƲӰǰ;аչĲһߣ
öİҶԭӵķϡ
Ҷʩչ貨΢ֻ¸ոյļöѾĺġ
˸еͿ־ǣǼöȻʲôֻǼƬͨòͨҶѡ
ժҶԿˡ
һֵܶĻҶӻ񹦵ﶼӲ棬ֵʵжວˡ
һߣɡۼٳԳ˵ṦʵҶ׷ȥ
֮Ҳλɡۡ
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ۣ˸ɫ䣬ƮȲͷϽڣǳۡһͷɫͷΪĿȴһֳʥơ
Ҷ̾һεжȻ̫ðգЩϹҲǸǰɡۣԱṦͰ漫ΪȫֻһܹǿԼṦ׿ҲֻĳҶɵõǸصʵж١
һλĵظںߣκż̬ҲûбҶ̫࣬¶ţһƺ«һ׷һ߹̬࣬ţȻ֮һѳ͹׾һǲ֮һλҲȻǽеĸˡ
Ҷһܣһ߹ƣȴĹǺóҶû˳ȫλδ뽭һʱð߷ֻ¼ӽ͵ؼ٣Ҷȥ
δϵֻܼ٣Ҷ٣ѽһ貨΢
ֻǰһű㲻ҶӰһ֮ʣͬһĸоϮʱһ壬һڼноȻһڷɶ𣬼䲻ݷضһ

۾һ֮ʱһһĽٿȻ£ϵĴʹһһȴһֵѪ
ԭҶһȻûлۣȴһ˺ۡ
ǳһıŭڶ
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ʱһ䳰ȷ𣬵ϣⲻôôְϧС˹λˣڵСǲϧ񰡣
ĺӲ磬һ˵ģ
Щ˵ҶˣʹֶΣʹధշɽͷ֮
ٺһЦúúãֻҪܻץٺ٣ǸҶҲǸθ磬ץ˻ģּǵøĳգֵܺú÷һ
ڼ壬ȴҲϲ֮񱣬ϲͯʱἰҶһȤģ
ԱߵҲ̲סһ񺮡
ʶ⡰֮ãǶüж񺮡
ʱҶѾԶȥȴǲػΧһʱϾҶǰΧ׷½أĻӳ졣
ҶߴһĸתȦӣȻȦԽԽСһʱȴûһܰô
ߣڶĸҲ׷ҶĶ鵱УʣµʮųְҰѲ飬ϣҳġСӥչ
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ĸһᣬһЦУĻʸΧڶ֣д඼ݵλΪ֣ɳէͰѣġǡӣмλľ֣䵶ʽɼͽɣǡ˵֮һ
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ʸæǰס榻ͮЦ榰ˣձͣ
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ڻʸԵġԪˡԪƺȴΪӦָı䣬ǰ벽ʩүˡ
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һ֣ڳֶͬʱʧеչ𣡣
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չ֮˷֮ǰһСʽ˫ִͷֱʸ̫Ѩһ죬ʸѪ鱬ѣɥ
չ˳ƺɳȥٿսֺһҲѪˣԡӥľȴӹһ٣ڵ˵ǰ֮ʱ䲻ݷ˳ȥڶ֮ľ롣
ȺСǡӡ֣Ҳ榻ͮԪȴһľ֣Ȼôؿչ˻֮±ش
ɱֻ̣գ۵Ĺ򣬿羪׼磬紵Ҷ
飡
ʸʬڲ֧أŷһش˵Ŀ֮ϡ
ͻȻǫ֮Ūٳ棬ϲתı仯̫Խܣ˴չûƻ𲻵İڸ߿ȥһѹجС
榻ͮ˻𣺡ɱǣ
ԪվͻȻ֮춼ͿλТԳ֪ٴεŪ˼벻һ֮䣬Ѫ԰׷ѣ̲סһˣѳҹ̤ƽһڣ
ͬڷǸ˱ɱǰеĸֶһɲѹ
ˣʸˣɷǸûеֻҪǸڣ˱㻹пɽûʧܡ
ʸǸԸĻ׹ݲ֪֮ǰóӵġʸ̩ôǼٻٸˡ
ǰҪģǱ뽫Ҷչ˫˫ɱԾ󻼡
ٴ嶼ڶʱҳһš


054 
ĸֿʼҪ׷չҶ
Ǹķˡ
ƶôõļƻϴ¿ڣպɵǻĻʸû뵽ȻôƤӵ±˴ɱĴ˵Ǽѽܵġ
Ҷչҹݱ˵ɼҲϧ
ʸɱϢҲ촫ڣô׿֪
榻ͮ뵽׿ܵıŭ̲סЩ
չ֮һӥХҶҲͬʱһХӦͬʱӣβͬղţˡ
Ҷ֮ǰⶫߵģΪĲԷעóɢʱȺеչãʱ֣ǶڲϷʼʤ
ֵģϽ
ΪܹɹɱȥҶչǳͬһɱȥ·ϻϵһȻ˸Χ£˺ӣ֮ҲǱȳ˸߳
ϨҹǰټҶչ˵ľṦֻܸй龳ܸ϶˵ٶȣֻͨܿλƣָ˱һʱƬ̲ܸϵǰɴ˸͹˶ֵĲ
Ҷչǰ壬ۼǰΧȦΧֻаɾ룬ͻȻճһ֣˻δԷ࣬ԶԶرһѹȶ
˶ʱǿ籩ľһǽӭѹƺ
Էһƻ֮󷽲Գʮһĸ֣֣סţεص˶ǰĵ·֮ϡ
ʱı䷽ѾˣǶҲ֪һǷҲƵĸִڣʱӲΧȦѾøС˵ʱҲ͸ӵĽˡ
ϲϣҡ
壡
Ҷչһۣͬʱ˶Էľ
ҶʱҪչ߳һ죬ʶʵΪ߾Ǻòõгȥ
æ
Ҷǰһܣͬʱڿն˺ڿУ˫һţĬչתȫ˫ǰһơ
ݡ
Ϳ̵ҶʱͬٵĻһ㣬ٿȻĸַ˹ȥͬʱֳƣһͷһƿԷǽֱǰ
ֻԷһν֣ҶѾڸܶԷǿȣһֺϢϵĹ
Ҷ˲жϳԼڹٻԷϣļͳ̶ϣԼġϵȴ߳Էһ
Ҷϣ۹һĿ˵֮ٵתָġг彣˫Ӵ˲䣬ɶ˶Էǵصת˲㽫˫֮ľԭʮɾҡ
Ҷףʱ˿ԼƬ̵ԥһԷסԶġɡ͡˱׷ѣǱˡΨһ֮գƵС
Ҫ죬ҪݣҪ
Ҷһٽӽƾ衾С๦ٵתΪ׹ͬʱ˫ĳʮơתǿ˽ʵʵƽӣӲƴһǡ
ʱҲڿԷòΡ
ǰĻߣĿ֣ʹģͷͺʵָƴ׳ˣһѽѩ볤´۽ǵĻüëԵϼ·һ㣬һ˫ɱڵ˫ۣȴָоȻ޴棬ƽֹĺ塣
飡

Ҷȫʩչͬʱʮơ߱Ƶĳһ˲㽫Լڰ˳ҵһ֮ȫƳ⣬֮󣬾춯أ֪ʦǰӲӲƴһǡ
䡪
һɾ˵˳ͬһԣʮĴС֣ͬʱ׷˳ȥ˱˲㼷ѹѪۼ
ۣ
ҶѪײȥۼҪ·ġ
ҲҶҪһѪڣ˫أ׷ɣϾ֮ɫԿƣغĲͣٿȻվ֮ȴһΣһѪ
ϰûв֣û뵽˵е꣬Ȼ䲻֮էһ֣ԼȻûռˣ㵱ڳ
֮£һӰ˻Բ֮ǰ˵ٶȣ˫צ繳ٱӥ򻢣仯Ī⣬ƥ籩һ
֮ǰҶԺ֮һδȫϢӲͷƤչӲ²ɵøģչÿһбһգ۹Ѿʮ롣
һ棬Ҷδأһվˣȶ˽ġ
ͷ˭ûֻֽ·磬ôϴû˵ôһͷ
Ŵһֵϱ߳ɱʮ֣ղΪûվڸߴԶһ٣ʱҶڽģΧɱ
ҶҾųɱȺȥ˫ɫâͬǹһɨ棬ʮֶʱһͭǮһȻص
Զ׷ġɡ̲סСӵ׻ἸŹ򣬾Ȼ̡Ϲס
һԵġȴһ˵ģһЦϹ϶ΪϹ֮٣ȴÿŮֻĺܡҪľˣӹǶЩ˰ɣ
ɡҪֻ˵ЦԷϹͷߣǰûʲôˡҪƤߣպֻҲ˵Ц϶ѡ
ǺһЦһҲգЩˣǰСöϲͣٺ٣ץסһ棡
һ䣬һ٣ٶȶȻɣٿȻںߵҶ˹ȥ˫ʱ٣ò˶ñ׷Ҷ
Ҷ׷չ˫ָͨҪʩչͭǮŻƹⲻͣػгɱĸ֣ʱʱǰ׺ͷ
һҵĳɱҶҪϵչߵʱϹڼֲסһˣÿ˵ס·ߡ
ҶչҲӶ˹ȥֱʮİΧȦ
ٶһߣֶݵ׷ͳһٶȣáĹƬ̡
ʱܼ֮ĲѾ˶У޶ܳìǿ󾢹źâͬʱ׼˶ˡ
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˸ܲˣֻȫֻļͣȫǰ壬ʮɾʱҶġָͨٴʩչɱ
˫ּ꼻ţХ֮ǧټƵͭǮռ£޴Ӷ֮С
Ҷһ֣ǰסٱʱѪҽڶԭķ󣬹ٱƬƬص£ֳֶƵĵܱҲ޷סͭǮ˶ܣԶ


055 ⽣Ӱ
ҶչͻưΧȦڼԼǰֳġӰӭҶͭǮɱ

ÿ书ϵˮƽҶͭǮɡ
һϣ
չһȥ
̫ΣսţȻ֮ǰϹһиЧʣһ˱Ȼᱻġɡ͡׷ϣϡ
ҶΣ̤˸ٵĳ
飡
ʯѡ
Ҷڵһ˹ȥ
ĵӰת˲¶ݣȻǹ˳ƽ׿Գɺչˡ
ԭĿҶʼӴܵʱ֪ԼṦϾԲҶĶ֣пܻķ¶ĸһͬܵΧ˵ǼǿߣʵǱܿս
ֱչɱ˻ʸ֮࣬Ҳûڻʸⲻ̯ϱ
Ҷչڶǰǰɱ֮˸ǲǰ
û뵽ǣͻȻ֮Ƕ˳Լֵ߳˹Զǡɡۺ͡档
Ȼ˶вסҶˣһܵʵĸͶȡɵԭ˵˼˲ֻ
򵥵һ־˵ʲôҲҪԷһ£ܳɹʧܣԱΪϣֻҪƬ̣ɡ͡һ˵Ĺͱ
ʶ̰ĸٴβҶ˶ԿսʱҶһ˳֣ʱһ·ݣ͵شȥԥʹɱ֡
ĸְ࣬ǲָʲôԼ֣ݳеĽ棬ҶᣬǼרŶ˵Ľɫ

ȽӴչ̫͡š׿ԷͽҲо˼գչ˲䣬Էצһӣâ׿æӽ񵲣ȴֻܵµһŽϣȻ˻ϣ֮ƣһæʧһâȴֱֱصǰ
׿һʱâѾʺλ͸
չ𿴶һۣ˫ǿ˲佫׿ĿԴ÷ӿѪͬȪ˲˵Ķ־
һжӲ
ʲôʱ˱ôˡ

ҶһָǰչĵϣâһдİƷһָͷϸĿչһԷâѾֻ࣬¶һ˿Ц¶ֵĺڣ̾һǺοأ
ֻһԣԷֱȴѾ
ҶչһֻһУȡֵʣµĹ˳Գɶʱ˵
ʵҲӦ
ôˣ
ǿҵĲŵĸоö˲
˳ֻǴԳȴǾһתӡ
ƾչͽ׿˵ʦʵȻ˲ãֶԾǼ򵥵ĹߵͺʽıƴҪһǾϵıƴ
Ҷչսһ޿𣬶չһˣ޷֮࿹ӰηǿУһʱ̣ʮɵʵɶûóȫһססɵöԷߵ뷨
˼ڸֶԾת˲ս֣ܳôˣʣɱĵչҶˣ˵չͽ׿ˣɼʱǰҲǸó壬ɱɱ˵ɱˣɱ
չͽ׿˲ΧǸµĸָǾҶչԴĹ˳ȴǿҲֱӷ˳ȥ
ΪѾ֪ʣµԳɻǹ˳ѾǸˣٴμ棬ֵĵӶУûʲôֱ

֮ʱۻһƣžһ˹˳һͣʱݣصһײԱߵһ֮С
˵ʲôû뵽ȴûã˼ҹƱŵòҳ֣ʲôã
ɡдѣȴ˿ֱ˵׿޴ж
ǰĸӰ˲İΧȦͶ뵽ޱߵĺڰ֮ȥ

·δڶƣТĳɫ粻Կڡ
榻ͮɫ࣬ٿȻŭõȸˣ֣ɨҹݣҪѪծѪ
˻һۣ֪׿ˣҲпܼ֮ѡ񣬷ǷǸڲ˶ʱӦŵȻɢȥ

Ҷչ˴ܹСԺ䣬ȴûа˦ԷṦ͸߳ĹӲûб£׷սڣս
ҶһȥǸ취Ƕչ˵磬ֱҹݣô·Ǹṷǽ
չ˵ѵãɼǴΪһñǸҹݣɱһѪ·嶼ǣܳȥǼ
ҶһĴɱᷢ
ȻʸԼֵɱˣǸеĺ̫࣬Ӧ÷Ϊһɱ¾ɻɽۻ˵ӡתͬҶһˣǸֵ֧κ
Ǹֳ̫͢¿˳۵̫ˡ
˼һһ䣬ųҹݷȥ
ٸţ˳ҹݣǳ黹˾ռö˳Բ˶ߡ
׷׷ɣҿûб׷ף
ۼҶչһת򣬱˳ҹݣǡɡڶ֮óԼ汾£
쵰㻹ΪɼỤǣ׳գ°ɣ
ɡ͵ϢһǣһƬӰɵʧһ㣬һʱѾǵ˶˵˫ͬһǰһ죬Ҫסϵĺһᣬʵȴ˲䵽˶˱󡭡
Ҷչ˶ͬʱһı䷽ֵֻܻһƣ˫ƺһ˹ȻѪڣҲһһ֣ͬʱÿ˶Էһ
ҶͬʱХһҿڵġˮԭħŵˡ
㻹ɵ
ɡһЦס˶ˣͣȹȥ
Ǻ
һԶγһ˲Ծʮɾ룬е½ɣ̱㵽ǰ
չĿһ⽣ħڵĵӣ
ָһĨʱ䣬֮ɫ𣬵еʶˡ
Ҷá貨΢ܿ۵ĹʵǸȻħйءħžڲǸƵͬˮôʲôʱֿʼˣ
ͷô໰µȥʰɣ
ȻΪ컨꣬ʧҶΪӰ䲻ݷرܿ˶ԷһƣṦĸ֣սһӰֲ࣬˴ˡ


056 
ǡɡħŻڹṦƼΪѣȴвҶҪͺž綾ƫּ㼫Ļһ㣬˳ڻɫ֮ʱȻ
Ҷʩչ˼μΪġʮơ֮󣬸о޷׽ԷˣȥȻأսʽһңɵ书
ң书Ʈݣ
ǡɽơǡɽ÷֡·ۣҶþսľǵȻ⡰ңַӵ쾡¡
ۺҶһ֣һҷݣɣһƮƮ硣˶һմߣһԻѲ
ۼҶԼΪṦѧǰӦ磬ʽ棬˫̶̵֮һ棬ȻǲʤĽɵ־ҲףҶôö޷ʥųȻ䲻֮
һչҲǴսʼս쳣ΧռвǵиռצĻڶ䣬Ѥã
ֻҶ˵չľһأʶڡĽǰԵЩʱƣսԿռԽԽС˷չȥȻ֡ˣСӥչĹһԼѾȫһʱȴȻ޷¶֣ɵɱչľġ
ûʱҹݴʱΪΣա
Ҷչʱж뷨ȴڱ޷
ԶΧ죬ҪΧ¾԰ˡ
Ҷ͵һХһƮ첻˫һ֣쭶ХУһγɵƶһСҰеġɡۣԷԡʮơĸҲǲӲȻΪ컨꣬ȴת
ҶͬʱͻȻһ˦һСβȴβͳԱ߹չ档
ǡȻҲûϵҶ˲񣬾ͬʱԼ֮£ֻܺὣֵ

֮β͵ɨڽ֮ϣǿٿȻ͵ؽƷ˳ȥֱԾʮԶվأֲֽͣزȻûȫһУֵľ˵ˡ
˹˵ĿյҶȵ磬ңһ
չҪܾҶһϣͻȻۣһӡ֮ϣһͬʱҶа취ߣģ
չѵߵܵĹнȻսʤ龳ڸֵסǾġ
ڵҪ񲻽ǶҪóҹļҪܹӳ졣
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С
ڱصõ£Լﱻ˷ߣβŭȻҶҾˡ
潣һչҫӳ˷ʱҶ˽֮С
ҶЦ壬־ˡХƿУҶһ壬צһһϣɫʰ쵡
Сʮơ롾תơһĶõġһ֮ͬʱתǷ壬Ľݡ˲Ӣ۵ľͬʱ֣һػɣһһƫתú亨죬ͬʱȵħС󣬴Բһԣ
Ϲâһ۵һ֮ʱ赽Уͬʱƫת˳ֻͬʱһСʱͻĸʮơȻľ֮£ֹЮһ龳ֵĹ֮ڴˣҲӲ档
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ȴƱָʵǰϹҵ̡Ϲ
ͷһͺܵùûбסԼͶӻʸسĵһ¶бҶչһ˸ֲӻͷ
ʱžһ֣û뵽Ҷһл֮óϷҶһЦһǣһŭ𣬵ʱͷݶϵϹ
߳
̡Ϲһû뵽ո½ŲԷ㵽ǰѵԷƺô
Уֻε°˫ƣӲһ
һߣɡŭҶϷˣһǿƹҶעϹʱ϶񹥣ͬʱҲǽϹ϶Σ֮ʡ
Ҷϵһ㣬˫ָһۣݺסʩչȴǽȥջأǰ֮ϣݵһ˳һƻ˷˶ȥץβֱͣϹ
飬飡
죬һһƻյһΣһнϹɵ졣
ϹֻһɲɿܵȻϮؿ˲ŷ𱻴󴸺У۵һ³һѪ˲ˣǱһƷɣȥʮ룬Ҵļ䷿ᣬֵǵúһ󼦷ɹ
ҶЦϹޣֵԣϹ

Ӱ׷ף۴˵أҶذΧ
榻ͮȵҶΧ֮£־ܣ
Ⱥ۱ѿ־ܣʹ죡
Ҷ㻹Բðɣ
ԣǵ֡
ҶΧ֮£ޱߵĶ־ʱͷҲһͷҲһȴǵһѾԭսɳҲ˳죬һѪӿؿڣ̲סһХЦȺһڳ壬ȴħţ´ңͷӶţΪԼ棿Ǹ󣡣ޣһȺ֪˶ѣ£Σ
һǵȺۼߡ
ɱ
ɱ
ι
һһ


ҶһʨӺ𡿣ʱѹڳ˵Ľ죬ŭҶĳڴ˵أֵıƤӣ
ˡǧﴫؼʱһƬ¡¡֮ƼΪ񱩡
ҶĺƣʱѹȺһϢ벻СȻ˹˵ԣһʱ֮侹Ȼ˸ǰһ
Ҷʱڽĵ֮ϣܷ֮ϣȫǸĸ·ۣҶվøߣȴһ˲ŷ˰һͷ
Ⱥи·۷Ӧ죬ǲмη壬Ǿۡȴһ˲ġ
ҶȺӦսЦжǸǲмһֽƺ«ȡͷ˸ɾһĨǾգȵһȺ󱲣ǲ֣֣
һ䣬ڿնֱĴķǸ榻ͮ


057 
Ҷ֮£ŭ⣬ʱһǻŭڹ֮ϣʮơ;׵ʱƾơ
Ծգλñ֮˶Ҫ߳ɣ˫͵һѹһʽ족ϻ£
𡪡
һء
δѾǵضƬֱ죬ǴϣлڵȻȴû˿ô
ֻƣȺۺȻ
׵榻ͮѪɫԵֵ²֣ͽ˷ǸǾʹ˶ܣֻ·ǸǾʹɨء
һҧ֮䣬ӲͷƤҪǰ壬ԱһХһĿΰĶ۴ȥȵСӿ̸У
Ҷɱһ֣ŭȵҵ˭ԭǡߡҪ̸С
Ƕǰֶ۱֮˴ȶһ࣬͵ϻ𡪡
һγɵıһֻȻͣ׷ڵأǳ죬˻µ
ҶһŤһ̣צĻڶ֮ϣֵסԷļǣһͷ϶£͵ز޵ļ֮ϡ
䣡
󾡽ԷɢƺһǰˣģˤѪ磬ȪӿĴһӡȴǽһ㣬˹Ť
Ҷȳϳһδλ书ôϡɣаڣ
񣡡
һŰ״硣
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Ҷ̤ǰ벽˫͵ǰƽƣһС𾪰ֱظͬʱȵ߰ȣҴʦʺã
̶̾룬һ߰бһʱгϢ

һִֻʱ߰ȳһߡ
¡ʦµĴߣ书ֻڵĵΣԲ龳ҶǶ֡Ⱥеĳаŵɫ࣬ŵӵССʿվȻ˸Ⱥ治ɫһܽԼʦ¡
ŵĸо㽫Ʒ衣
ҶƲ䣬Աһʱ׼ǳ֮ˡ
ԷȻ壬ͬʱһƻӳҶһơ
䣡
쮷ɣ˶˵ȶˡ
ҶԾжϾغվȣļ́ͷȥһߣͷ࣬ϴƲҰ׵ĺǺһŨܣƤ鵭ĮҶɵһЦѣѵѾۻô϶ˡǸʮ˿ˣݸެָʲôôߺߣκ޾κѵĻ
Ҷ仰ǵڳȺ۾ԻȻ
Ǹٶô
榻ͮɫ࣬ȵĪ˺С˵֮ƣټ·Ϊ½ǧĺƽ
ҶЦ˵úã˵úãλѣǸĻ˰ɣ׷ȴϷˣСպһëǮò
ڶɫʱȻ榻ͮҧҪҶʬΡ
Сȼ仰ԼȺǰʧպأȻȺʹǲֻ±߽Ȼңսʹ಻
ʱҶİѣȴһۺһŨܺ룬ЦСӣҪͽѿ֮ĵĺ
δǰѲδκε˥ϣһ˫ָԵýʵ죬Ȼκ޾һս֮󣬹Ǵ
Ϸ㿴ǸϷһʱϲûеɱ㣬벻ע˴ҲգҵԨԴվϷ
һ
˵꣬ͬʱʧԭأŰײһ𣬰һըףȻĴӰһţ˫˫ˣһγռ䶼ŷҪѿһ㡣
Ӣ޲Ȼ
⶯ֵˣԶֵʵ
ҶȻ粻ʤڹ񣬲ηӲƴѵĹ򣬱ӲӲʶһֻ֣̩øεͷѣæ׷ڶˣš
Ҷѷһγ֮һʱӦһкɳȥֱֱ뷿֮УһƬᡣ
ǡɡ۱֮ϣܷŹХһ֮У͵ϮҶ
һƬ֮Уԭط򣬾ȻֻһطҶȴǲΡ
۴һòãϮæܡ
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Ҷϴŵ۳𣬵Ҷƹ֮׷˫ȭһ˲佻ΣžжͬʱԾᣬȺǰ
Ҷĵһ·׷ɱŲ·ʱҶͻȻתʨӺ𡿣ɭȻȵħ
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һԣ󲿷ֱǳŷǸĽɣ·ֵʱùģȻ֤Ҷ˵Ƿʵ飬ѾǽܵķΧ䲫ʣȴѣˣ⡣
Щһߣϵʱ֮һҲһɻ󣬿榻ͮ
ʱɡҲ֪Լ˴ְû֮£ҲǲҾˣһԱϡٵķȥ
Ҳо𣬵Ļʲô۶ӣæŭһƭºÿ࣬ӣ
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仰ȴ榻ͮĪѣæȵĪǼҥԣԳѿ֮ǡɡѰǷǸαȻħҵڲӣ˵ħӹᣬݺҷǸǧԷǸǧģħƲ޹ᣡ
榻ͮ˵ߣ˻ߡ
Ⱥ۲Ϊ֮Ϩ˻ɵ˼
ϾǸǧɵݣȷ˲²ĺ£ﲻңǸĽ飬Ҷһܶҡġ


058 
ҶһЦԼѾáɡ¶ħŹǲǸǧӮõ
ͬʱҲǰ̾ħֶƷǸⲽ壬˵ֱץסҪзǸഴǧħѾڲ֮ˣպħһʱܴ죬ǷǸҲٶˣֻһɾͣѾħǧĴʤˡ
ҶžžžعҡͷʧЦúúãøǧӡֶ̡Ǹ÷ǸĸȻħڵĵȻѰҵôҰļң֪ǧǸƨһĶȴȻ֮͡ѵΪǸħŵֳԶ𣿡
סڣ
ѴɱݲҼڴ˺˵˵ǷǸĸǲħЩ֮˵ҪҪľǷǸӦǵܲʵ֡Ϊ˷Ǹŵܹʵ֣ѲҶСٺ˵ȥ
ϣɱ
ɱ֮
ǧ
ͬһʱ䣬Χµĸɸ֣ѾǷǸѣʱҶΧڵģʹˮĺ˭Ըأ
ΪڷǸǰչ¶ģ˱ֵ÷
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龳ڵʵܹܾ֮ǰκ޾οİѣЩЩʯ֮󣬷ҶӦ
תơϡ̫ȭʼ
ԪתްҶ˫˫ɫһֹľҶߣһƳŰѺȴǼڶֵһʱѹԷͷһԶ
ҶһƱ˰ѣʱһЦȵȻλ˲Ҽ飬Ҷĳˣ
ʱΧѾнʮ
Ҷһ٣˫һӭ沿Թѵݣʬ׵
˳ǰ壬һһֻɳȥͻȻһ󻬲һǰͷ˽ѵȺУһС˫ȡˮ˫չ͵ԾգųϰգǿһƬȫ֮У͵һѹƣʮͬʱݺݹڵϣǶϽ۵죬ͬʱȪӿһѪ
ԭĳڣʱҶһƬյس
˫ȡˮ֮󣬽һС족Ҷ˫͵ڵ֮ϣ顪
䣬ʮַ淴ɵ˰գ֮ʣҶ˫ʮָݡ
ָͨһ䣬ʱʮȫüĶһöͭǮʱȫˡ
ʹ죬ʹ죡
Ҷħһɱȥ绢Ⱥһ㣬ɱΪš
ѿṦҶ֣˦ֻܳԳ
ҶȺңڣͶ֮䣬еɥ
ʱһХһּΧ֮СҶ˵Ӳ˶һȭסһţöֲڰѵʵȻ֮һǳʣߺˣ
է
էƤڣͷС裬ʽͻɽǹƣһзʽ
ҶЦð̫ˣвµĶ־ȻˣҶĳⳡսҲΪ˰ɣһƣ
Ҷ˫ƾ£͵ǰһƣէȻӲ棬ԾܣҶʽ䣬һƽʮȫ
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䣡
ⷽķݶʱԾһ֣òҶ
һʹɳ벻Χ£ҶҰһ־ս֣⵨Ҳδ̫һЩ
С
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Ҷֻ΢΢һ࣬ܿէһư˸ȭɳ
Ҷһȭúÿ죬ƻѣбէȭɳ˵Ⱥ֣֮нʩ磬ȭѼ档
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ʱҶ˼սҵĳ̶ָ޷ǰ
ոձҶһл˵էΪŭԷȥֻһƣĳնʵ̫ŭ֮£ɫ࣬˫ֱֱ£͹ǰ
Ҷ˫һʣԷȭסͬʱڤ񹦡תԷ̵Ĵһк
էһ͵һȴûѣʧøӿ٣æŭң
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ıڶӵضİ޼ڶݵ˲˽Σѵ˵ĶĤ
Ѻɳȫûϵֵ¾ȻڳһӵȻĸͻȻֻ֣֮£Ѻɳͬʱ˶һȭһƣѪ󒁷ɡ
޼һתһէƨϣһ߷ɣ͵קסҶֱۣЦСӣˣߣ
˵˫ǰһڣ͵׳ʮɵС
СһֱĻɫС򒁷ʮԶľʱͬһʱ̱ը䡪
ֵɫ֣ЧȻҶùͬն
СģҪˡ
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ˣ
ɳδܹܴ裬ߺ޲ƽشģйԼĲ
ۡ
ʱһֱէͻȻһѪȻأ˹ȥ


059 
ڰ޼Ĵ£Ҷƨɺ棬һ·һ仰Ҳ˵ֻǵǸߴֲܵͣ䣬ִլԺһܵͷһʱ䣬ٴδܳܵһ¥ڲ
¥˳ŴȥҹݾȻڽֶ治Զľ롣
ҶһЦʵǰò嶼涼ͨ˰ɣôôɳھڳҹݸأ
޼һ˵ٳЩûõġ˵СӵȻƴѽһֻĸ֡ѵǻòͷˣ
Ҷʼ磬εܻ˭ԸǱ˱ƵͶ·ôϼžͶˣ˼ҲŹңװӲװףӢݿȻ壬
컬ࡣ޼˫ֻ֮߳
ʱĳҹ㾲˿ûзĽա
ԭҶԤƣӦһƬɱ֮Ѫɺ֮ˡ
Ҷһɻ󣬰޼һЦ˵ʲôԥģõģһİȫԭ򡭡ٺ٣ȥһ֪
Ҷд棬ٿҹ֮УԺԺֻ֮ڣƹԻͣӰ´¡
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ͯպ׷ɫһһˣִӣ˶ģĶһɫȴִŰӣޱȵ塣
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˪ȴû˿˥̬֮һֳѷĴݺӺݻȣһѧ˵ķȣ֮ɾȴָ߲ʡǾͺԨͤŵ̬ȷвһֵ˷緶
ڶΧ˾ռľ֣ԴޡֻͨͨվԣµĵӶûС
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ĥһȻҶתͷһȴɽ͡˵ĥű
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ǣȻҲĩϯǸ˵˭أ

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ֻڷǸӰ££ҲǶ˰ɡ
Ҷȴδ̫˷ܣʱ˿̣Щ֮Ĳˡ
ҶǰһֵҶǰ
ô˵ĳֵȷ÷ǸͶҹȻȻ֮ĶԿҲ˵Ҷ֮ǰƹʲôĲǴġ
һ̾ҶСѲض񡭡˷ҶСչСѳֳȥ޶´ȨѾ֮ˡ
ҶңҿһۣͻȻɻףҼҶչôڣ
һ仰꣬˾ĬȻ
Ҷͻһļµĸоòᡭ˰ɣ
Դ߹ˣǶ磬ǡ
˭

ʲôҶһ󼱣ƿڴѹŭ𣬵ʵô£ôزסһ书Ůô
Դ޲֣͵йעȫϮ֮ϣֻв飬㱻˿յ˰ѳСˡ
ˣ
ҶɻǸΪʲôҪٳһ޴ŮأѵΪƾһŮӾоͷɣ
¿»ڴ˵ĲģǺΣա
ȥ硭
Ҷ˵ֳλǰΪ񣬵λǰ£Ҹǡ
˵ĵ˵ͷ
̾ϢһνṦҵȾȻһȻСͽȻڴ˵أԺҶСѼǵСͽһң»ѯ
ǡ
Ҷɻ󣬸ǳȥ

ҶԴ޵ڷʱ򣬲ŷᾹȻҲ֮⣬ǽȻɫʾڽȻľŮڰοѯʳѾغͿ޳С˵СѾͷɶ
ŽȻŮӣԼǰ׵໨ĳӣһƤʳ֬ݹޣŮ·Ů㳤ȹأҲڸǶԷһر޳ȣǳ֮䣬г̬ǧľݡ
һŮȴֱۣò˿Ůʸһ˵Ȼ̬֮ޡаƺֵһ㡣
ҶǰһŮûʲôӰ죬Ůȴʶĸоϸһ룬ȴ־ȫûм
ȻŮѾټͻȻòµŮЩ鼤ˡ
ƬԭƵĿռ䶼Ȼɨѹա
ɶĵطȻҲῴСˣСӺͣذοɶֻ˵ʵںĺܣȻǺģǰ¡
ۣС㲻ˣҰСŪˡɶ޵
С󺹣żȰοɶޣС㲻Ƕˣȥ˱˲֪ĵط
ɶ޵СèʵְôԶĵطô
СԴƺҲô˵ĸĸӦûɣ
Сֻ룬æ˵ͷ
ȻʵֻҪɶʱܹţٿǺõ˰ɣ
ۡɶʱڵϣ޵ۣԭСˣС
СӶʱ󺹣ҡַϡ
ʵû뵽ɶͲ˼ȴôϻۣȻ֪νĺԶĵطдʣʵǸĸ˫˼
໨ȹľɫŮǰЦСñޣֻǱץˣϾҪСɶõģȥ˯һҲһ磬Сͻؼء
ģɶʵ
ŮһЦǰһ·˵һؼһ㡣
ʱҶԴ޶Ѿ˽ǰ
ῴҶһŤͷ
СӣﻹԼŤ
ǽȻŮǿŮ˵Ҷþòϴ޼о£»δüмء
Էһ˵ҶŻȻŶԭŮӾǵðȳ޼ҪȢСŰ
һ̬֮ȡ
ٺ٣Ӣ۾֮ȻŮҲӢ۵ıػˡ
Ҷңȴûж˵
˵˼Ȼ££ȥɡ
ƺ֪İ֮Ҷ̫ԸǸȻһЦС˵ظ¥ȥ
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ҶԴ޶ӶЦҡͷ
ɶҲ¥ȥɣһСȻġСӼҶˣҲȰοɶ
ɶҶҶص˵ͷɶһȻسСģ
ҶѧԸղŮһ仰ȴԼŮɫһ졣
ԴϴҶسС֮ɶȺ˻Ǻĳŵ˻˹СָסҶСָ壬һҪ˵㻰ƭɶ
СָҶͬʱĴָ˵ԣǸǸ£
ɶҲĴָҶһ
СӴɶ¥֮󣬽Ȼ̲ס˵ǺúӡʦҲһȻΪ˱䣬ȴǸĳˣչʧ⵽˿ʲô¡
Դ޵˵Ը᲻֪ôҲͬΣǲġλŮǡ
ŮȻһЦӯһС÷ѩڰڶᡯ¡
ԭʮ֮һ󡱵ĵӣһ֪ϡᡱĸͽ
ҶԴޡŶһΪص
ķӦȴһԵĽȻһʵôҼҷʱķӦô
ҶԴ޻һۣȻ
ȻηǷתǷѩǸȻԲס˺ãȺˣŮֻȡ裬ܲӦеĴˡ
ѩЦǰϣҶ˸Ī
ӣ⻰ʲô˼
Ȼֵһֱסôѵû˵ʳ¯ġʮŮô
Ҷ˵ͷжţȴδ֪ꡭ
ԱߵԴҲҡҡͷžѣָŷѩĪλСʮŮ֮һŶŶŶȻɫ㣬òܼ


060 ΣԵ
ӦȻ顣
ǷѩȴǺ⣬ǽϺ֮ͽ֮٣λʦԸ̹Ȼóѩ͡˼䲻˵Щʱ򣬶λβȥȰȰ֣
Ҷһ֣̾˿أ֪ʲôԸԼתôȰҲûáɫһԱһۣʵʲôô
Ȼɫһ࣬ʱҸʦδս֮ƹ˵ˣȻ󽫳Сߵġ
Ҷһ㶣أ
Ȼҡҡͷ˺ԷĿǳС㣬һȷ˸еͷۣ⾿Ϊʲôأǵ˭ô˶⣬ȴһ书Ůأ
Ҷأؽ㣬ʱСߵģ׾ģ
شʱСڷĳܹȡʤŵţ֪ΪʲôҾ˯ˣʱ򣬾ͷС㲻ˡ
ʲô쳣ô
ҡҡͷ
Ҷŵ˻ô֪һ㣬ʲô˿ûб֡
ȥֳһؽ㣬Իȥˣʲôʱң
ص˵ͷʩһ񣬱ȥ
ҶٲҪݣַϷŵʱǷ֨ѽһڴ˿
Сӥչ˳
Ҷʱһ㶣չص񣬽üͷѪ˿˫ۣһʹԭҪȰĻﵽȴһ䣺磬ô㡭
ȻͷѩһæںͳһҶ
ʱչȫѾŭͷԣκʧȥǵ鶼ǿܣֱӳ嵽ǰȥƴҲǵ˵Ŀڡ
ʱȥȰ⣬ôԹĶأ
ʱΪţûϵչȴ΢΢һЦõģû¡
û£Ȼʵ
û£չЦЦӣ˵û˺ֻǽٳѣĿȻ֪ʲôԲǴǡ
ʲô˼Դ˵
Ǿ棬ǲҪƻǵļƻǡࡣչЦ
Ҷʱһݣʵ磬Ƿʲô
չһת˵ڣ̾һλʲô֣
Դͷ֮ǰʦͼλǰоûʲôɵ㰡
ȻͷѩҲͬʱҡҡͷǿɲΪԼ
չЦλǰ߳ǵĵˣĿǷǸˣ²жϣȻ󡣴ϸһûʲôô
ô˵ҿҪúÿԴ޿ʼҿ
չЦſ˿Ҷ̧̧°ͣûз֣ߵأ
ҶһЦӣȻˣǱʲôζ
ζ˴ȡ
ȻʵȷǺ㣬ŮӵĹ뷿ﶼѬô٣ѬȷǺܺš
ҶɵҡͷʧЦ𶮵ôԼĳȻȻҲǾɫŮȴһķϣִʱжƷζдǿ
ֻβ漰Ʒζ⣬Ǹ˵
ʱڳ˵ԴҲͻȻѣ˳ӣɻǲ̫һﲻһȴ˵
չ˵ȷǵõѬ㣬Ѭ֮⣬һɵζУҸҿ϶ԭζ
ǽٳ˳СǸϵζʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ֮ⷿڵѬ㣬ǼƷĳ㣬Ϊ骣٤ޡ۱Ȼƽ𣬺ǡ˵ʵ骵ļ۸ҪȻƽҪصĶࡣСΪѬ㣬ΪѬŮеζüͷҾ£ûרоСζ
죡Խ˵Խңչ̲סЦ
ҶٺһЦŵǼ֮еζȴѬ㣬ǻ㡭
㣡
ҶΪشǻ㡣һּΪصĻ㣬΢һſ˷ɾͷƣͣζһأŵöˣȴУþ֪ȫɳڣȫѪ˻ΪŧѪ
չɫһ䣬ʵʲô
ħ󡣡
ʮ涾֮һĻħ󣡣
˲ɵôһ
ѩ׷ʵʮ涾ټڽΪֹҲ˵ȸԪ¶Ѫ֣ǡħ󡯸ǰδҶ֪أ
ҶЦƶңõҽɵı¼мСʮ涾ص㣬ϳ⡮ħ󡯣٣Ϊǰŵһζ
˭˭
չӶʱֱͨ
ҶЦһһһ˵ħŻȸ

ڳˣٴ֮С

ҶĻ𾪵ģʱҹݵĸǡ
Ҷἰ˿ȸȻ˵Լڵ£һϵţǷǸʵħʮ֮ڵ飬Ϣ֮ȣȻڳ˶ǲš
УΨ΢΢һ̾ɤһ㣬ʵʦв²⣬ֻǿû֤ݣһֱֻ̲¶ӷ벻Ȼһıħһ
ˣһ
еʦȻǶǰһٽħŻܵϴʦɢˡˡ
ɽƹǰһʥħսа˫޾ɱ֮ڽеĿⶼ˵ϣһĴɢˡһ˱ǡħ桱Ħ졣
һսɢˡȡʤħҪȥ˽һƽ١
ϧʦ˵ǳȻȡʤΪսᣬħȴΪ˫ľԼδ⵽ԴֻǳħŵļΪľǽܹ뽭һٽƷҪһ壬Ƿֲ׿λĹͣ׿ɹ㣬ΪǸ֮
ħŵıڱƿһǣÿ˵ͷ˺һӰ
ħžȻǰ㿪ʼⳡ֣ʵ۶˱ԼһҲ֮ѦҲΧ֣ݳڣȻΪҶչɱ˻ʸתãȻھԵơ
Ҷͻ룬Խǰǰ棬عǸ󵱴ĿأǷ㹻ʵŤת¾أ
ȥ
Цһĳվָ׿ֻһңʿ֮УʦʵʦԴǰչ֮󣬱㼫ǰĳΪҪ̼ʦδϵѾõع֮ھȻѿһˣֻ¼ʦѾڰǰ뿪ɽˡ

Ϊ̩ɽϴʦġɢˡȻҪ֡ǵʱȻټǸ˵һĴ
ƺ˲սľһ㣬˵һµģ˵ꡮħ桯ĦʬɷǸΪܣִ߾ǵͷķǸӣķǸ׿󡣡
ȥ
ǡħ桱δ
ò˻ˣ
ϢѾ㹻˵սľˡ

һЦٿȻ𣬳Ȼѵض˶䣬Ц죬죬һǧδŵаսĳңȻܹСԭڳĳУΨһԸɽţΪʦѪ𣬱ѩޡʦȻڵĶ֮ܳʦѪȻñӸܵ뼸ڲԶʵ֮˵ʵĳһξúģ塣ܾô޹ʹĳأѵûʲô飬Թ޻ڣҵͶôҲ벻ȻóĳӴǧһаսˡʲôħ桯ħۡж̽죬졭
ˬһϯʱ˵ӺţԭͶǵͷѪӣܺƴɱһʲôźأ
黰һ䣬Աߵ˾ռҲǴЦվֺǣͷӲɵ硣ã˵úãĴأԴɱһ˭Ц󡣡
˾ռ˵ϹͽܺҶСӽһʱ䣬ˣչṦãʺҵİɱ֮ҵɱСȻǿҪ伫ɱЧֶΣĻʸһɱɱɱɱеڹ˵ȫɱɾȻһƬ
˺Ȼкá
ǰ޼ȻСһĵӣκҪգڳһ˽СӣṦЩ⣬쵽ϷһˣҰһ㲮û˵Ṧȴ˵㣬
ǷѩҲ˷ʵҿɲǰɽأ
ټһЦ϶ص˵ͷ
Ƿѩ˷ܵػȸԾ


061 
ƹĳ֮ɼвΪЧ
ǷǸ󵨸ҹȻ׵սҹݱ㰲ȫĺܡ
ǿлţԱʱ˿̣ҹȴ˴Ρ
ҶԴޡչ˱˾ռţһյʵʵĹȲѵǹȲֲŴգޱ˸ʵʵ
Ƿֹ͵ӦںڰѸʹɱ
Ȼ˶һһĹ۸Ҷⷽ泬Խˡµһɱ֡˾ռ䲻ͣ̾Ҷеֱɱ֡
Ȳ֮ڲʱıײ֮˷ͨﵩ

ҹݵ˱ϽƫƫôһˣԲѱ˵
ʱ磬յա
嶼ǵϽ֮ϣ˶ǾӰ·ܿǼɽɹͷ
Уһ£վڽֵģҲȵλãš
Զݾɫ¹ಽظ󣬲ʱźˮȴûһ˿һԹɵСϱ
·˶ŮȻٲָָ㣬۷׷ס
һ·ֱеϼ֮⣬ʱĶ棬Ӱ£վˣиаݣһɫƲţﻳŹͷ󵶡
ֹͷһĲһֱ㶵ķ·ǰաݵաֱУϴ°壬оĽѲѷֱóʵҵġ廢ŵ
ǱҲ廢
汲ϳһΡ֡ĺȻû汲֣ҵġ廢ŵȻС廢㶼ڵΪǵ˻ǲ
ȻڵˣȵȻᣬΪǿ߹ʱ򣬶¶֮ɫ
廢վӰ£еľֻǲ֮ɫûе⡣
ȻѣҲмֽ顣
߽ӭǰϴ̽ŵ֣δ벻Ȼڴ˵
ټ΢΢һЦϵؿСרλġһ٣ֵСܵׯȴ˵λˡ
廢в죬ϴĿ¶֮ɫæʵʲô£Ī֣Ҫ鲻ǺżԺ˵ֵܹæģһ쵽ʱֵԼһڴ˼棬ֲҡ
صˡ
һ仰廢۾Լ˻Ҫ£ʱˣõģǷһ飬ǻծġ
ʲô㣿
廢һУΧסᣬ𻢺ʵ֣һķϣñ£ǸֵܵĲݣ졣
һЦǷǶԴѹȤ˵涨ҹڽҵġ廢ŵ۷֮յķţСܲţطһۣܹͬ⣬ǰұ
ģǷˣǰΣ϶в죬ŭҵطƾʲôҪ㿴ϼϽ÷̰ǵǸһİɡ
廢òǰ³壬廢ܾίУһƷϾ·ϱ͵תʹЩӹûеõ͢ıӻУʧءͷ˷ɱ¿Ǹɵģ
廢ɫһ䣬ɱⲻƵر¶صᣬеĶˣߵοűҥԣֵΪѣ
ӵֻҪңǷΪˡ
ֿ廢һۣ𻢱ܿĿ⣬߳崫ңҿ˱˵һ٣Ŀת
ʱ⣬ȵǸʲôȻҹңҲ𻰣ӵǰһȥ
ŵأ˫Ҳ֮һ£ԿʯƫһгŽʣֵһ㣬һǰѶŵΡΡص˿ȥ
ͷһݣŲѸƶߵ²ֻǽ赭дؽĵһһ
һʱڣһֱ沮ѧϰִֵĺܣҶѾܵԼĲ㣬òߵĻᣬϷŹ
һǰ֮á
ֻϧΪɽüѧ۶񹦡͡ԪǷȱƪʹ书δȫΪΪܡ
ʱ᲻ǿҪһֱѰ֡۶񹦡͡Ԫ
ò״ѧпŹһηΣæ˽⵽һԼ˵Ŀֻ廢ͷ
ʱɽеԱ߹սϴ𻢵һ˫ŨĿȴͻһס֣
϶һס˵ƣҲû׷ת𻢡
ɫ粻˵Ѿáɽ͡洫һȻͬ죬ҵԾҵϽֵͣˣƷǿԻǵĶԹӴһʹΣ
һ˵ЩҲȤǿԼţֻҪ
ֻҪҵƤһ˵ȻˡǺðɡ
洫ؼͲ⵶֮ڣ𻢽еһתһ潫Ķһ潫ᡣ
Ȼпգ𻢲Žַ£ʮâ

Զ̲ס˫ס͡
ǶǴ˾綾ţë룬䲻ۿҪɥ¡
᲻ᣬһȻͬϼһڵԼǰֻһһת㾡ţë˽֮ϣŽһţëϵ׹棬ᵲǰԼҲ¡
лл΢ɲ૵
ͷҲأҪСģ
ȴߺһС
ڹҡ
űˣо
Ǳ廢ȴɫ𻢳ȵᣬǿ֮ѵͲô
صǳףֻǽָһۣҲĳǷһ飬պбֺαŻ֮أ
𻢺޺޵صģҲǳû٣ҪؼⱲӱˣ
Цһһ֣ĻչѸٽᡢΧڵС
һѳ£ʮִ˵ؽ


062 
һ󵭵ζϴζȴ᲻һµxǼƫͷ͵͵ؿһۣҲͬһ
Ŀӣﻹݣ߳У廢Ķŵ˷
һ䣺ߴţ
ͬϼһչλס˶ǰһȴͬʱסѶŵӴѹȵһϵĴʯʱѣ֩һɢ
廢ֵ꣬¿ɾǵ֮
ӣһ£ͬ˫һڿն𣬴ڵ⽣Ӱ֮С
֪廢֣ɵٴһϣִֵȴƫƫҪӶԷǿһ֣˳׻˲ʤ
Աװ廢ΧԷҪȫֵʱȴʩչһɳ죬˳ȥ
廢ΪҲη塾廢ŵӲʱһЦͬŭӥãߵͻȻֱзǿһ㡣

һ籩Ľ
ٴֳεʱ廢Ѿϴ׷ɡ
廢ŵĵһ±ɢҪɵͼûпˡ
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һŵѾ˳ȥϽýݵΣҫŲ㽫һѶŵϣ£һãһĶŵأ
Ծ֮䣬ԽĶŵһѾϴ𻢵ʺϡ
ɫ䣬ȻеʩչȻӲġȻñ죬ý
ĿƽҲΪѣֻҪһۣշ
ѾеĿҪˡ
ɫڰ̾һһжŵԡ
Ǻã㡭˵սʣȥ㡣
𻢵˵ͷû⡣˵㻰һ׼ǡ
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ۿŶԷ
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ааؿ޵һۣЦҿԸ㣬Լ¡ҼһãȻҾλͬ⡭
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·ߵʱ򣬵߰ɡ
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廢֮ǰ׳ҴţԲʱΪʲôУΪڼҳ󣬲Թй¶ȥ
¿廢ȥӰֻͷһƺóĲĹâתɼͬʱԶͬµ

صҹݵʱɫѾ
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ҹݵҲԶСԺ쳣
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ˡῪ̴ڣ¹֮£˫峺ˮ̰֬ͨŷһ㵭⻪
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˱Լıδֱ㲻ң֪ǵжҪǱ˷ֻʦĲҡ
̤ǰһӰɫ£¹£һſһ˰̴ǻƻԭеӢĪɢһĺԺɳ裬īһ棬ӫ£ƺ
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ħžڣڵӡϷ档
ҲǵϽнһλ塣
Դ޼һսϷһֱ֮һߣֱűɵ嶼ڣŻּ
ֻ벻ǣߵûȴͬҪԼᣬԷݸԼܾܾġ
ǰɫˣϷȴûκεķǷ֮룬Ϊ뷨ˣڻˡ
ŮڵʥŮҲһε
ϷһǶ˾ȻЩԷ㣬һʥŮǲʩչЩСֶˣʲôҪ±Ȼ쵽ȻֻҪӰµ񡣡
ĿƲϷһۣߵ߾ˣԭ䵭㣬øӲˡ㣬һ¡
ʥŮԸ
µġħľһݣ廢ǽᡭôҲܣ֪¡
ϷʱһʥŮ˼ǽѧص͸ˣ
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ϷʥŮΪβԼѧᣬҪм侭һ廢⡾ħľʥŮҲһݰɣƺҪµ꾡١
ȻҪװɵ㵱Ȼ֪ŹŮɣĹܴһˣ
ϷȻˣҲϣʥŮٶ˼һĪҪԷ١
µ㡣ŰɡУ˵Ҫһ㡭ġ
ϷһЦʥŮصģҶŮ֮һôԡģҰһΣֻҪǵǷһãպҪʲôҪ
¶ϷһۣյͷˡһΪ
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뷨֪ͨڵˣȸٳֳ飬Ѿȷˡ
Ϸ̾Ȼˣÿȸ˲¶ˡǸҶıӣȻİɣȸ˹öԷģò˶ãҶǰٴμһġ

һֳһڴˡ


һ㲻֪ȥ
Ҷֻúչ𣬴Ȭ߳ɵԴޣŰ޼ֱͨӳ˳ҹݣֱ嶼ڵֶȥ
չһֽûκζݣֻһ֡
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˸̤ӣ϶ˣȻڸ٣СһƬֵ嶼Ȼһ㡣
Դ޳̾һ벻֮еһƬ֮أǻ
ʱǰѾֵĴźԺǽ
ͬʱһ㶣ԺžţԺǽҲʣһ۱Ƿ·ԴһԺ֮С
һıˮϷ¼䣬ʢļڣ䷱ҡ߮˼
ˮ棬һСͤǴͤƴ
֪ǷŽ˵ʱԺһ˴ɤҡٽǽƻӦΪ࣬㳾
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˼䣬ɾħ򡭡
һɲǼ䣬بֵͷĽšǷŭȫĲֻʣƽ񵭡
ˡ
һǳޣԼ

ҶԳ̾ΪҶȸǰ
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063 
˲Ժڣ·߽˼ɾһ㡣
;ҡҷ̣ʯ̾͵С·ݵǰ
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ŮȻһЦ˵ðȻʶǵĿĹ
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ʧȥĽһֱҶΪգŽѰأȻ棬֪ȫİˡ
С·ǰУһ·תǰһ
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տȸװ磬Ҳٻװòһɨ֮ǰаģһ˿񵭴ݵ
ڿʲôȸ޳ĿһҶ
ҶЦֻǾǰΪأƺش±

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ȸǺһЦվǱˣ˵ʮ궼ұ֤ҿȸԳ֣һЩ
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ȸʱûȨ֪Ҿ֮ǰٴһεıҪֻвǣѡȻҲǽʲôԵɡ
ȻˣˡҶվȸǡ
ȻûʲôԼ֮ĶڣȻһȸһνˡ
λģСﰲȫĺܣκΣյġ֮󣬳»صߡ
Ҷ³ȥ


064 ʹ֮
뿪ֵ֣ڽֵϻУþû˵
ǣűߵĸоǲ̫ãֱƵĲˬ֮С
Ǹղűֵǲ̫ˣԴͻȻ˵
㻹ֵôҶЦʵԷȻҲħˣӦеºɣʱ֮仹ûֱӵͻлụãҳС㻹˼УץסҪأ
ȸħˣǾͲʳԣԴʡ
չȻģǲܶģûа֮ǰκεп𲻱Ҫ鷳ͳͻ
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չ֮̾⣬ҲʲôˣֻϣǿȸܹҪʳԲźá

ɫžеѧؼ˫ֵһЩ֪ǷӦôؼһۡ
֮ǰԸǰ˵ʧĲֵһᣬʲôٴѡ֮ʱһεԥˡ
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˵öԡ
۾һڼᶨǰھеѧؼ

ˮͬˣƮȻǰ˫紩һǰ̽ڶԷܵʽУһӡǰĻϣŹâһԷͬڻĻѩһ㣬˲ƿһ󶴣ָܼʽȫӡǵù֮˵ǰѪӳ׶κ˫ۡ
һħŸɥˮ֣֮׶κ˿Ŀɿڴ
Ϊڸող֮ǰﻹվٶʮλҵħŸ֣ڣǰֻʣ½ˮһ˲ߴ󣬵ȴĵıӰ
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ǡض׶ǸԸ֮ˣʱ벻ݳһֵܾȻΪħĿ꣬ǧ׷ɱ㶪
ˮЦλ̨ڱΪִֵԣȨҵ᲻֪мԹۣ
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һԵκһҲȻͬ⡣
ʱԼ˾飬ҲⲻħŵĽɱҪˮ֤ѾɢǼˡ
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ȻȻҶֵǵϣĿħŵ֯ˣбڽˮ£ȷĿǰ˵ѡ
ˮǲ׾΢΢һЦипֵõԱʵĸɽˡ

صԺ߲һڣ岽һڡ
־ǹ֣ŻʸΪȨһλ
죬µʱˣֽŶ㡭
ڣŵ̫θ˲ӣɳƵغ
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˵ٹ죬»ʵǻɻλĴ䣬Ϊ£һֱסϽɽ¡ڵĻʸ²»ص˹СʱҲûʸ³κεĲأһߵҲԶ̫๬ŮǸλĻʵιˡ


065 ھ
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ʵ˵ҪζҲǴڣǸѾȡ߻ʸµگ֮ľ͹˼λˡ
Ϊԣʶ˻ʸһһλϷ룬λߵͳ֮
ԣʸµĿǰ˵ǼҪġ
ڵǻ֮ǰʸ±㶪Ϊֱӿʵ۵ɵһ͵õԴ
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С̫࿴żԶȥĶ飬æݸ̫࣬óžز½
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޼Ĵַ¸ҳƵڶû˸ҳƵһ
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޼ĳɽһɽĵػ£ȪˮһЩʱ
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һ¸ǽǰԶԴ޻ͷһЦ֪ܵʵôûбҵǱټ㵹
Ȼͷѩɵһ㶣ȻһƲҪѵ⣬ѩȴǿƲסؿЦ
һʱ仨֦Ҳ˲ɵÿֱ۾
ȻɵЦһȺɫ
չʱɫΣԴɣҶҪ˵ȴһɫʱһ䣬ͻȻͺȵã˷ˣ
һ㶣Ҷֵˣ
ƤЦԴ޺ηǳչͬʱһ𣬾еиֽӽ˽˸ɫչЦǰҵܲգ
һ䣬㳡ʮ
Щһÿ˶һɫļƷţƤףڳĺɫװҲɫסŵȫسʿΰᣬŷӰһ㣬ֻԵøΪ⺷
׿ǰʿͨʿԸߣҲû棬¶ƤֺڲӲͿȥʮֵ꣬׳꣬ӷ°ƲŨܵĺס촽ȥԸĺֻ֮ϧһɴӹ͸а֮һ˫΢е۾ʹ˸е飬ƻ֮ͽ
ȻȺʿеͷ죬Ψհ
ҶԴͬʱ΢һ㵣Լ⣬Ϊ嶼֮ǰû֪ͨ嶼ʿĴڣ仹֪Ⱥ˳Ϊȡô֮⣬׷壬ɱͽȡر͵ԭġͨ赡һϱڡ
Ȼ֪Щʿ嶼ڣͼֵܲȴû뵽ȺʿȻפڻʸôĵλãȻ뵱ʵ֮
ֲ֮ҲҶ˷֣Щʿǡ߲ƣֻ߲ǰ˱ص̬Բͬɵĸ֣ͦаˣѴĶԡצġ֡һʱҲֲߵ¡
ҶΪиֶ޼ߣʱһͬһȻֳǳһ
ʱҶ˳֣Ϊ׵մֺ֮΢΢һЦ¶һѩ׵ݣſеĻ˵Щ˹Ȼǽƻĺܣϧ²Ůˣôܻô򵥡ĵ˿ҶֵܣЦ˵бҶ˰ɣ壬Ȼʸлҽͷ׸ҼĻ󽫾ϴˢʿĳ衣
չЦһٷϻҪܣȱ
˫ĿâһչʯƽɣĻ󽫾µڶϰ˵ڷǰ˵֡
չһЦͻȻֱ˷ӭȥ˿Է˶ڡ
ϡʯƽʮָԶصַγʿɢ˿ڳʽеķ϶ΣЩƫ´ءǰ̬һʱɱڣȫ
Դʧ
ʯƽɲһ֣̬Уߴ˵˼šϡһкֱسʿ߾ٹȵˣ˴˵硯޵һ
չŲͣʱ֮ڣһЦԷ˵һϻ
ԴǸӣӵԭޣĵǲ޵һû˻ᴩ㣬ɵȥģˣҲ㴵ȥģϾԽɱ֮ҵõĺôԽࡣ
ʯƽɺŭ΢ЦǾҪıˡͬʱһЦؿȻͷѩ˵ԭŮòԭ֮Ȼˡλ˼ɫǾ͹鱾ˡ
Ȼͷѩɫ࣬ǺһͬʱνҪԽչȥɱʿԱߵҶȴǼʱֹʾǲؼ
չԴ޼̬ɱԶʤˣչСĶԸˣ˽Һˡ
չһЦѷʯƽһվŻɭϣиɻеһŤŨҵɱй¶вɵȻԴ޵Ľ飬΢ɲصһͷ͵ؼǰ壬ǰ̽һХɫâצ֡磬ʯƽץȥ
ͬһʱʯƽ̤ǰһ硱£׶֮
˸еľǵǣһۼȫ;ֹѷĻһ֮䣬ɷֳʤܡ
չѽաղƵľġ⣬϶ΪһצƲ䣬ȫ

һ죬˫һͬʱȴ
չ𰵺һֻһѿԷѹԼһͷٵʤĿɲ˭Ĺߵͣգͬȡʤķ
˫һ񣬺˵ľͷֹסĺΪǰԾŵδ֮ʣŶԷٿȻ˹ȥ
ʯƽ˼ڣŲͣ˴ȥ
ʮʿȴźεǰͬ״ɢͼһٽҶ˰Χ֮ƼΧɱ
չδأԴޱٿȻǰһ㣬չģ˫һ裬չʱڸɾ룬źʯƽȥ
Դһ㾧Ө֮ϣʵʱһ̨ף˳ƳȺɱʿ
ġ򹷰ȫȺսϲһ͵ػΪ߽أӰɽƵ̰һƬʿȥ
޵ƺû˿תأֳ
Դ޵ġ򹷰һǰʴ˫ϣʱֳ¡
һɲǣԴ޵ġʹΪġ޹˲һɨڶԷʿϡ
⡰޹һУȴ䣬Ǵ򹷰һһľУһ̽˷ǰмʮȮҲһˣν޹Ǵ壬֮ѧеľ衣
׵ʿŶԷһǶԷͻȻһɻһչԷϰ̡
еġж־仯
ʱ澢͸ж룬Ͼ
ƺһƣ⡣
˿ʧʱϿλ
֪˲˰벽޹еڶ־ʹ˳Ǻ˵ˣǰŲλļҲеһıͬʱʧȥ˲Щվȡ
ɽţ޹ĵ澢־ȻϮ
ǰȺ޸֣Ƕ벻˻д˾⧲£ǰؿڡСʺѨͬʱУ˿Ѫĵˣ˵˵Ҳˣ޷ս
ԴС汬һ£ȫˣȻͷѩڣĪ
Сӡ
ʲôʱôˣ
ı仯Ȼյ˵زҪ֪һ֣ܽнģǸߣ޼˾ռЩ֣ãѵľ硣
Դδ˾һʹ޹仯е㣬ʵѾԶһֵˮƽʶЩ߳ƵĸǣԴ۾һվŵıһϳǵС
ЩްԸ磬״Ҳɵ˴ʧɫֻȥ


067 ս
ڶʿ֮УʯƽΪֻĿһɨ֪Դ޺չʵߵͣǰػǰҶ˸ղſȵֶΣѹִ󽫾ôԭǼСӣȻЩʵ졣
Դ޺ٺһЦһһ߽ڹ±һ򹷰ǰҪ˵һչ§Դ޵ļЦǵͷҲˣɲҪˣСҵģ
Դ޺ٺһЦá
ʯƽչƬ֮󣬳ȵ뱾˵ߺߣδЩ˰ɣ
չЦߣѹ㲻𡭡
ʯƽɵʱŭʿԴȴúЦʮȻ˿ȥ
ʯƽɱŭȴǼ뷨ʱԶɱȵȻλﶼȥǱߵķ򣬴ʱ˵أֻԼһפأܹЩѾǴһҶ˵ս;
ֻǡ

ʯƽչһƣһ¡
ôôղŻվǱߵһŮֶӰˣ
ʯƽɵ²ɵô󼱣չʱźߺһЦȻôڲŷôѾˣҼߵѾλȥȱˡ
ʯƽɵʱŭתҪ˻ת
չЦһ͵طȥͬʱЦ޴֮ˣΪƾЩ˾Ϳסҵôʵķˣס㣡
δ䣬
ʯƽչĸֹҲϸӦԣһʱ֮Ѳãֻûתչսһ
ԴҲڶʿǰסǻת·һڹһתһѵһ㣬ߡ
ʯƽɴһ˾һʿʱһֽ֮âҫĿʹȫһ׼һбֳʤ
չ˫һ񣬰з˶µٿȻΪл֮һ񣬶Ȼһ࣬ٵ֮ʣһ񡭡˼Ʋϼǿͬʹӥӥʮۡ
ÿһε½۹ƣһ֮Уﵽƽʱͨһʮ
һеĳ֣ҲǡӥԴ书ʦššһɵ
ʯƽоâʢһγϢȵΪȻ֣Լ۵ʷǰ߾磬Ҳ޷ԽԷ۵ƣñ˵ʯƽɶʱ˼ڳֵľ棬˫ֱǰһͬˮ渡ۻһ㣬ٿȻǰ࣬չϮ
ӾмƽĻ˫ֳʿϷĴ϶ƣʱ뻭˸ȦϷȥÿǰһߣƶסһֱߵ֮󣬵ѾƵسչȥ֮ˣ˵սľ
չһӥХ˫ͬӥһץµȻһ˫۴ţ΢ǰٿȻ䣬ǻӶʿʿ˻ȥϻ£ƽƣʯƽɵƣһ㶼ѹס
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յʯƽɹ龳ڵΪ͹֮չڸֹ߳һʽ̫չ𣬸ӥ񼼹ӣչʩչǿһƽЩѹס˶Էơ
չ˷ܣڳɹɱ˻ʸ֮ļѾﵽǰδеĸ߶ȣЯţչ̬κθ֡
˵ʱԵ޸֣顢ɼǸĸ֣Ҳҷһ
һԹۿԴԭⳡսЩģչʩչӥʮۡĵʱѾɵطרĶԸһȺҪҶ˵ʿ
ʯƽʿԶԶȲԴޣʱʯ۳֣ʹĻһۡΪͷռϷ磬һ߳ơ
ʯƽнп࣬һ߾٣չ·ʱ֪ٲԥҧȫһӳͬ˳ĵâѸͷɳ磬˲Ǽ乥չ¡

޼ǰ˽ںھϿֱǰ
⼸ݶδκٶѾʩչ˼죬ϿȥֻһƮһ㣬ʵ嶼Էֱ
˲õķߣδ׼׵Ѿͻƹȥ
ۼһԾǰһķۼص˲䣬¡һԭҪµݶͻȻƿ˸󶴣Ƭľ㱬ڰ޼δ֮ǰʱüΪǡ
Ҫ֪ݶʵǳ˺ҪŪôһƶԲףδأ㱻ֹԼһ·Ͷһ㣬ȷʹֲִĸо
ֻС̣ԸԸֻԣᱻ޼ֿ
޼չ¶µһṦ鴫ı죬һЦƷߣرܿ˶ֵĹ
ˣȴâһֱӳȥЩƷ߻δͱĻһߣ˿ûӰ쵽һƺգֱֱسƶ˽ȥһӲӲƴ̬
飡
˵һڵһȭٿȻӴˮװСƶٿȻԭʮС˵һ֮£ķƵһ롣
󿪵Ķڴ޼һؿǰֵԼһȭĶ֣Ȼ󱻶Էȫһƺ˳ȥҽ˵֮Уһ죬ֱҵúһ󼦷ɹ
ոջһ棬ôǱأڳиֶǴһϮ߹Ȼ
һе֣ȥʱ𣬵龰ǰﻹܱ侲
޼ʧһ˽˴֮ڡ
޼Ṧһߵϣתϸơ
ֻ֮ڵ͸֣˹ѧԼ֮£вٹǿᣬòȴİľ֣Щ֣֪õϹֻƾһĵľ
Ȼ䣬޼üһһѼĽƿն˲㵽˸ǰ޼Ѿγɰɫֺ֮ɼһߡ
޼ͬ㵹ڷ֮ϣ˫һţϢС
֮޼һһָ͵سһȥɫâһȥ羧ӨСһһϮĽϡ
һ͵Ϯ֮ȥ
޼һתִһķ֮ϣŶ߳ӡΥǹɽΪŰ
ԭ͵Ϯ֮˲ǱˣȻ÷ѩǰʦӡ
ѹʦ̫ѾµӲý뽭֮Уֻʦ̫һӵ֮ҶңȺ˱֣ݳǣǰȫöࡣû뵽ȻΥʦɽǸӪ֮С


068 ֮
֮ԱһһŽֹס
ӰһȴƹġԪɢˡԪա
޼ȻһЦϺǣͽһˣۣȺְ
ɫ԰ףò׵ϢʱŻڵͷȻʡ͵ơҵȱʦţֻǿʱ˳¡˵֮٣ΪУΪܲգ
˵úãԪһ޼ҵӢ۵ǰǲ֮٣ҵȾ㣡һϣ޼ܶù𣿡
һȣΧʱгʮȥ
ǸԪպͬѳҫǿԣŰ޼ȥ
ӭһɿĪĿ񾢣㹻ǿҲ½ϡ
޼һֵʵҲͬʱô龳ֵһһʩչ¶Ṧ˲˦йƵ棬׼ʵʩ
ͻȻ䣬ͷݶȻһһѳƿݶֱ޼ɱеȻǶԷĽȻĵزϸĽƹֱӹ֮ϣġʢ㹻Щϸ˹Ȼѹȵ˫ǿ֮£ҲֻǶԷϱǿ⣬ڶֵȴԿ塣
޼һ˭²ͣӻͳǰѾƷذףŶԷ
Х޼ǰһƬϹ⣬ĽѶֱֱۣʺ
޼һذ׻ԲȦȴԼһֱôʹõġתԲ
ǿĵʱʱصһƬƶϵɫƴһ𣬱ѵͻ֮УɫĽһ϶޼׼ᣬ
ԷƥȻһ˲ռƣ׼İ޼˴
һ޼ȵ벻׿Գ֣Ѽ棬ϵôһ־Ҫ
Էһһ컬࣬ͷ
ɫڶ޼ٵ˶ԷʮոԷȵˣ治ǶԷ٣ʵϻͽԵֵֻǶݵļν棬޼еǰѼƷذױѾƬ
޼ӲԷһϮ壬ѣһŤ͵һԣͬһʱ䣬ȴ㵽һƷѹӡ󱳡
Էӡʵƣ޼һ
⼸½ӶڵʯĸУʱѹδע⵽߰޼վ
̫ף
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˵䣬̫׵һѾѹ˰޼Ļ֮ϣǾ£ӡϡ
׿̫ˣһֱǰ׵ֵƽʦˣ룬һ֣޼ڽʧ
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ץһõԽѳԽ죡
޼һЦԷͣչŵɿȥ
׿ŭ߳һϻͽٴƥϮ䲻ԱһƺջĽâʱƷѹƣ鿪ǵƷͣѹ£׿̫׶Ƕֻͬʱ⡭
䣡
һ죬׿̫ͬʱˣ׿󶨾һϮߣɵþ¥㣡û

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¶ȹߣڵҲ
ûչ͸룬Ҫƻȼ⣬ñ֮ҵá
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ѩǼ컨ľ޴ţ૵Ǻã˺أ˪֣ҪƿҲûѲʱɣܲأֲûһʵѹͲκˡ
Ȼɫ࣬ڣݵԭļƻУûţǸ˰װȥģҲ˲
Ȼ룬Ǻһγ񽣡˪Եҹζ࣬ˣҶ㿪ҽƿ
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ڶŮŵĿ£Ǹ߰ɣʮţȻӲرҶ˿
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һ޴Ĵ̾ȻͨԻƽɣǶʯԵô˵˵Ľ̻Ի͡
֮ϣǵʵۡʸ¡壬ǻʸɫ糣ȥ˯һ㣬ֻǺϢ
Ӧǿһ˵ĴߣʱȻһӰĿⶨڻʸµϣһ
һ˵ıӰһȻӰȴ˸ɽֹˣһòȴ۵ˡ
ôϵĻʸ£龰ȹ졣


069 ν
Ҷʱо䲻ãǾһֻèŵСȻԷһԼѾ˶Էצµ̼ԼһС
ԷҲһҶ
ԵķѩƺҲӦԶԷǿѹ߬Žȴǲֺ
ȻĽȻ΢زǲѹֵĿ־֮顣
ȻҶͷѩҲؽ
ȻΪƹӣȻʧ̬ľٶȻѾ֪Ϥ˶ԷݣδԷеʮĿ־塣
ˣ˭
Ҷɻ˹ȥû뵽ʱǶڴϵͻȻ˵ˡ
˵һѾվµĶˣǵȴģֻʣôʱѾͷһ˫۾һգգضҶһۡ
ҶУ֮ֻʣһ˫Ŀѣ˫ۣϬ˲ֱӣʶضܶԷĿ⡣
һѷĽ޿ɱܣ޿ɶ㡣
֮ע⵽ûа覴õӢӣͺԨͤŵ̬Լǲһ۷ľ緶
ŶԷ΢ЩϤӣҶ֪˶ԷݣҲΪʲôȻ᲻ܿƵظе־塣
ˣǼ˵جΣҲζ뵽ȻǶһ޶ġµһĽ
ڼλµһˣ벻ȴȫĳ档
ֲûһڳԭ⡰µһڴˣõű˳أ
Ҷ̲סһһ;ж˿ԣ
˵úãĽ˵ȴ֪һ;Ȼû۷壬һޣҲޣȻԼĶ塣һΪԼƵȥǼֱǳ˵Ρ
ĽٿȻվ֮ҶҪߴĿɨҶôĸоͬʱǳ⣬Ҳеһ顣
Ҷ֪ԼԲλһشǾͲöˣ˶ϵĺá
뵽˴Ҷɵһ׳һȻشͻУĪһ;Ҳ۷ƿô
Ҷɵͬ˶ԷݣһԵķѩһ㵱ʡ
¼κˣеĽ٩٩̸ģͬΪֵļ֮⣬ҲλҶ˰ɡ
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ԭԷһȵͬʱһδǿͨƤһգٿȻһС
ҶûзҲǱһ
ԷͨһգƤĶܷҶܹԿġ
кһ飬ûһ˻λµһĶ֡
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Ҷƿڴĳ嶯ʵȻڼ֮ˣ֮£ֺιʰǸ󣬳ڴأ
ĽǰҶԻ΢ЦΪǷ׿һ飬ҴӦɱʮˡѾɱ˾ŸͲһˡԭΪ˴λһĶ֣벻һģСҲգȻĳûʳԣ㲻ΥԼԼ˭ɡ
ѩѾ޷Ƶز
һֱѵĽȻ˴˻͵һ𣬽ԵȻˣ̡µһĸаɡ
Ľ俴еġᰡһֱֳۣ᰽ʱƹιѡɣ˴˽ĽڴﵽĵزţɱҲãÿ𣬳ô˻Ĺ򳤽ûС
ȻȻε١һɽׯȴûĽ棬ģǹгϻƵһͼѡ

ȻԷʦ𣬶ʱȴһп־壬νͳŽߵĽ˹ȥ
һĨϼĽۿŶԷһǰȴȻʱһֻͻȻն
ȷе˵ָؼס񽣡ᰡĽ棬Ľʱһ±һʵı;Ľǰ֮⡣
ʣָ˱Ѿŭ˼Ҷ
ĽʲôƨĴʲôƨġµһԭһ¶ݵͽѡ
Ľͬɽ̬Ҷǿŭ𣬿Цض⶯֮˲ҡ
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ҶٿȻֹͣΪѳζǣҲ벻ʲôһ仰ȫԼ顣һУ߾ӽȫУһˣӽڵ档
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Ҷϲ˳ΪɡǰӲһС֣Դ˶ΪӣΪ֪Լһ֣̫Զ
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һ˲䣬ؼѩþоȻٴγ˻þ
ԭɫλ֮˶ëѩ
ѩӣɡ

Ľָһ֣Ҷе֮䣬Ľ˺Ľ˲ϳһɷָԲһ壬ȫһǿ̵ĸо΢ԡ
Ľ˫Ŀͬʱ䣬ֶҶҶе⣬ûκβݿùλµһĹ۲죬ͨ͸壬¶ںѩ֮С
һɲǣһͭǽڡȴʵĽĽΪҶֿҪԼӿ־Ȼĵ㺮ս
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ߣԲ䣬ţ֮繷֮ǰĻ԰㻹Ǵ仰ȥɡ

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Ľȵشӱǧļ˲˴ů
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Ȼͷѩ˹Ҷ𣬽Ȼ֮ɫģǰȫˡ
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һıԴޱԷһɿ⣬ûʲôƣҪʯƽɵĿΪС
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֮ǰչġצ֡һʱ䴭Ϣãٴγ֡
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ʯƽн㣬֪ԷȫѹԼҺôʱһֻǶԸˣԼǰȥȡ֮׵ĴϢ֮

飡
ıһɨй⣬ȥһƬɳҶ
ԴȫһȥغŲŻȥԷһ֮ɵðһ
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ΪԼԴԷȴǲӦսʮԴ޻һֱˣ
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һıǲȽԴޣ޷һȥʯƽɣֻϣ޸ܾһ״̬սʤġСӥ
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ôרģ˿̾չɱҽУܵκεӰ죬˶ġ

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չһͻ֣ĵ˶ĺ죬ͬһʱ䣬ԡצ֡Уǰ̽һâѣĿ˲ʺ磬Ѹû˿ɿٶȣǰʮ߼ץȥצ˵Ŀ쭣ͻХȴȺ߲ܺ˷ֺʮ߱צԲһ֮ڣȻͻµͷ
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ʱԴ޵ǧӰıعıһ㲻Լˮƾ˫ŶԷ񱩵Ĺƣֻûǰɷ֮ɫת쳣ء
չ𱳸˫֣ȻߵսȦɱֱơһҶꡱı
ıԳ˵书ʹһַһָڹͷ
Դһ٣Ӱɢȥ
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㲻֪Ǹɳʲô£ǸҲŹǣȻΧ޼˷ѾΪֵļƻиƣ
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ڱץסᣬ޼ֺ̫һǣʱƴϳ˴һкԵˣһײǽϣſһѪշתŲ˭֪ǿ֮ĩٳǿ֡
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Ⱥ֣ҲһԵУʶԳűУԶжϰλãؽֵ

˲һƬҽ֮
滨룡ŵı滨룡
޼TMD̫ˣ
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жŵأûŵĸ֣ⶾ

ʱڱһš
ԭЩİǱɱǰġ滨롱ϢһԲͲ֮УԻ䣬˲ǧöţëһϸ壬רڼһ
ڴȫֵͨʱ򣬰޼͵͵ͷŵʱȺ󲿷һС
ŭ𣺡޼ұؽʬΣ㡭໣
ŭĽҪͷȴѭڵŨУѵľ˻δüԮ֮ʣһƺߣαˣȻ˲С˺


072 ɱ

ƿ𣬺ڰ֮бܿ滨롱ĸȫһطɵ˴䣬Ũ̹ĴΧ㣬㡣
׿ٿȻվڴ˵һ֮ϣǰǴ޴ĿðỤ̃׿վΣɫ޼˳ߡ
һƿ£ȴǻͷġԪˡԪա
λעһɷǵģʾ˵ƹͽʱյķѲ֪ȥǴúҤӳĿ󹤣ڣͣźɫĿˮǺī֭һ㣬ûشCTMD޼⡮׵ȻƲˣôô׼ôƫң˵ҵ֮ҷҪƤɣ
Ԫ֣һ̧ͷ׿ɫʱһãϽ첻˵

һöƿڶǸ׿ļʦ£ΪȨλ榻ͮӢҦ硢ӯվǰ棬ʦվΧжʮˡ
ӮӢԸ꣬һر㼱ǰϹţӻں֮Уǵ־ΧסɣܷǶеκһ
׿ף𻰡
Աʹ޵Ŀӯȴɵˣղ̻֮ǻʸ϶ɥ֮أȻ⣬޼ҲֻնǵĿҲǻʸҲ˵
㿪ʲôЦӮӢü۵ص˿ӯһۣԴˣȺ˵ԴˣðΣյѵֻΪһʬôĳǶǰϹǵӦΪ˾ǲŹʲġ
ӯӮӢһףĻðɣŭ˵ϹǵΪʲôǲôԣֻΪɣ
߳ŭǣûǸһĹôҪôˡ
ӯҪ磬һԵ榻ͮͻȻȵˣ˵ˡ
ƿУȣɴľɫŮһؿ׿˵ãҼЩˣҪһ£Ҷ𡣡
泷ˣ
׿¶һ˿׾Ĳ֮ɫȻлλת棬Ҳʺãϣտ
һЦһ˵һҼҲлѸȻĿǰ˫أǸǧҪǺ֮ʱĳŵŶ
׿Ȼŭ͵һ˦֣žһ죬˵ȷ˳ȥ͵ڵء
㡭
סڣ׿ŭһô˵Ҳøҿ֣㲻ǰ澣Ҳô˵
ʱŵò˵˵ڵصλҶ
Ǹĸǣ۳ЦضŭԵֻģ׿
׿Цһ˵ǻȥ棬ֻҪԲ鱾˵̽ҡǰùģȴĸӡôߺߣҲǵġ׽ĸֻܹնҷǸС˪ϻ͡񽣣ĵĻȥҡβȡ񽣡ᰡȥɡ
һ˵꣬ȱӡҲٴ˵ضƬ̡
Ǹ˶ʱôЦ˵Ůӷⲻм
ΪȺΨһһԡԪˡԪŮЦվ˵޼˵ΪҪʵҲܲһһʬΪʲôɸ˵ĿģҲò
׿ЦһַģѾΪ׼һƣһžơǲȥ͵ʸµʬҲͰˣеӵұ֤ûһܻ뿪
һʱһ
ʲôôȻöһһ䣬ҲǱʤľ棬Ǹ˵˭
׿ȻһЦ°ͣʩʩȻΪҰһȺǸǷһ飬ڣ¼ûܹӽ
ʱ򣬲ԶͻȻһһҶꡱıųҴҵ²ãҶͻʿǵķߣ˻ʸµޡһǽ˱µʬ塭
ʲô˵ʲô˰Ȼг׿ʱñףԼĶ䣬ƴغʵģģ
ڵõı˶ĵ֤֮׿ٴңáµһôܻᱻСܣ
ܣԲ
׿ͻȻͣټ˵
ԱߵĸԪգЩֵʵԲʲô
Ϊʲô׿˵һͲ˵ˣֻ۾ɵԲ¶һ˿ŵı顣
ǸԪһμ׿ı飬ǰһӣ·һжԼ֮У·Լܹ컯һС
һʱֵ̣︡Ķ׿֮ǰֵţһȫˡ
ôˣ
Ԫվȵķ֣ʱ˿ֻ̣׿󣬱ΧеķǸ֣ʱȫһضһ򣬷·𿴵ⱲܿһĻ
Ԫջתͷ̧ۿȥ
¹֮£һͬ¹һŮɴ棬ӯӯվڲԶһǾ绪¼Ůʧɫ¶Եñ˼֣ͬһ㡣
ǾգǾʣڸԪյǻ벻һվȻʮķ꾹ȻûڶԷκεºۼ
һжʱǰ
ԪպʱЩƣЩѵ
ͷûȸԪ˵Է֣׿Ѿָ򶨣̾һҡͷЦ֪עԼһҰճʦ㣬ʲô磬㴵ˡ

ҶֵܣŽȻͷѩλŮɹһ乬ᣬ̫๬ŮűͷҴܡ
Խᣬ˽δմأռѳȻڱǸĿƵС
ǧ֦ľԴ֮·ģ֮ѵأоԶǺ۷ĺ֣ʶֺ׼ͨƣܹƿʱˣҪ񵲵úܳ
Ҷֵ׵壬״Լֵ˶ͨṦܣλŮʿδؾ㱾ˣеĻʸҪǱǾòˡ
˱ϾĬֻҶһȣȻ٣ǰȥϻ͵һǣͻȻɢɶȫڵ


073 Χ׷½
չԴ޾µӽʱ鰴棬ڴǰڿն𣬶һֺקŻʸ£һֻ˳һȻͷѩĸͬʱԾ˰գ˼꣬ɹͶԱ԰ľС
ʱҶĻڵֵ˲֦֮ڻƹһ˿̼Ҷȫ㶤˾øһ㡣
𣬺
ˢˢĽкƺΪܹɱж衣
ȴǽ͵һǣȫļʸٿȻըɣܼ־֮Уڶ˲˵ز𣬰𣬶Ƕ
Ҷġղ塿ɲķҲǿķЩ޷һƤҶסšңʩչ֮£־ʱһء
ɱ
Ҷ˵Σδ˽һɱͷ־ɱػˣͬʱϵĸֻУ˳ɱ
xǼ󣬸÷˿
ȫǻѣɱ졣
ҶһĽ׷ɣüĴѪȻأһȥһɽâ͸ȥʱԵʺðѪе
ô˿յҶһôϡ
ֻĴ־֣ȫûκŵء
־еĺ׷ҶѪ׷ɡ
죬ҶڿնһӺʮɵľ룬䵽ֵıԵ
ʮ־ì쳣ԵҶΪʸ֮ģǰͶȺܼĵطг񶯣ֻȻþòǰʮǡɽʮʹַһȴһΪȫ̵ġһ塿ַһ˽
һ˵ݺأһʥȺУݣƿ־Ŀֱ֮ڣԶʮɷΧ
־ٿȻҶεض𣬳һսɱҵĵطȥһ紵־ͬʱȻأϢޡ
֧ìӺҶûͷۿֻƾоҡΣ䲻ݷıܹì
Ծ˫һţع־Ѫ׷ɣҶɷȻٶȣһɶʮɾ֮⡣
һУʮԶҲսΪҵĵط
ҶϵԴ޵Ľ֪գԮо֮£ӿٶȣǰԮ
ӳ£һȺٶ˵־ΧԴɱһôƺһ˵ء
ΪػߣԼṦսˡ
ΧȺУ֣һ˺ȻйֵĲܼ֮һĲֻÿһìʹԴ޳Ӧ˿ɳ֮
ֻϢ֮䣬ѾһìԴ޴ȣԴ޻رܼʱֻǻһѪۣʱѪעȴû˼ǣʱһս֮
ȻЦԴޣ˵Ĵ޵ˣѵָ㲻ɣ
Ա˽ӿڵٺ٣ԮҲһһһ˫
˵úã
˺ôЦ֮ʱҶѾԴ޻ѪŲȣ֪ٳŲסãһȣ˽һɵһƬ⣬ŭκ˰·ȥ
ҶڴˣҶĳ
ҪȡԴ֮ȥҶԼϲ·ԴޣӭҶ
ףСʲôʱӣҵԼ
ҶʧЦͬһʱԴ޿壬ңȥ磡
壿չѣ
һɲǵϢûݵҶһŵ־ڵطɳӰһìϲĹȻ˲潫ҶΧģìһսֶԸһˡ
ҶһȻǲܼҵλϣͲ
ܼԲΪģһìƵʱòͬˡ
ףȻǸĸҶɨһۣ̲סԼǲܼϲ˵ëѾ˸ȥˣϵ£ûһñ
ǲ˵ٷϻܿܣԳɰӢۣǱȵ˵ġ
ЦǸìһʱûдڳմЩˣǸĸڴ˵Ⱥ򣬾רһѩǰܣѩ޵ġ
Ҷ˳ȥ޾޾塣
ЦƾĸҲ䣡
ڷ벻䣬ֵ¼°ɣ
һ䣬ѾֵͬʱڿնҶΧģĸìٿȻǧìͬƴ趯ߣҶҪƵ
Ҷԭزֻǽгһת绨

һìڿ˲佻ĻҶԭ΢ܼҸѾ׷ɶȥˡ
гìҶı֮ʱ֪ףֻԷʵޱȵͬһӲһ͸˽xǼȥԼڹƸԷޱȵˣֵסƬ̡
ĹԶϡìڡʤҶȣһΪ£ֻû뵽ֻǼղҶʵȻôߣѾͻƹ龳Ϊľ֡
Ҷһɣһȥ˶Էһֵľгì͵ȥìⶴһôɣ׷ɶ˵̶סˡ
λһƶأʩչԪʤìеľַìն£ì⻬Ҷٲǰǰ
ҶһȻ壬ƽ죬׼ȷޱȵ¶ϣֺˬؽĳìп
һɺ⣬ǰҶѾȫԼܹԸ˵ĸˣʱ˿̣ǡìڡʤ٣ԸҶҲء
Ҷһпһìǰֱ̣Էʺ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҷ͵һһźжϡ
ĹƴʱҶһƻּԷʶˣܿҶĺֹ
һ죬һƷϮ
õҶ书ȻôˣǰǱһƾ⣬Ȼ˴Ȧֱ͵Ϯı
ңɵġ׺ܹġ
ڼݵìǰ̣ܿҧŤʱܵҶһơ
飡
һƺߣѪ˴ìҶõɿȥײһôɴϼˣŻϡ


074 ּ
Ҷʹ޵ľǲֱ޳ܵСˣݳУԼҴ̩ѾȡʤȡȴһʱʴȣŹȴû뵽С˴ãȻ͵Ϯ̩
ǸʱҶѾ¶ģٴʱһҪȡΪ̩͵Ϯ֮
ʱҶǡ׺˲ºɣֱɹȥһԷš
ַܸ׷ױף˸赲Ҷһ
ɫ࣬һ¾
Ҷһǲ֣ۼҪԷŵʱͻȻһ΢ҹɫһƵһ㡣
Ҷ۾˲ü󣬽Ųһ貨΢ߣһѳٿȻ֣ҶԭλãĽȥδ䣬һǶȼš
ҶΪܿ˶ԷһͬʱڽµʱȻǴԼĳⳤһأ磬һҶĳ֮ϡ
͵Ϯ֮˾һҶҲܣԷķ֮弤ò㾭ѣѪԭҶļ񹦶ԼˣһȫͬԷΪŹ֣ʵһԵҲıҶոӦڹ·׼öԸ֮ʱȴͻȻһ䣬ȵӳû֣ԷֵرΪѵ
Һˣо飬ǰĄxǣ߶ܰġ쳤ؾòϳȥ˶ԷǰԵ
飡
ҶصԴ޽¡
㽻˫ȫ֣ʤ֡
Ҷ֮ʱʷռˣܹܱԼһʦǵһԼΪٵϳһ
ԴŵôСУΪҶԷһɱˣŭ֮²֪ҷɣĵɱöᡣ
һӺ͵ϮԴӣʱһ˶ԷԽѣʱһѪ꣬ɵ⣬˶Ϊ壬˸Ѻ󣬺Ȼ˿
Դ޻סҶҶڴԱߣʱſµľȻԼĶ硰Сӥչ
չһظɵѪðһʱǿסѪȴƶȻѪӿ
һ̵üҪˡСӥ
磡Ҷӵʱͺˡ
˭㣿
չɫ԰ף촽Ҳǲ԰쳣俴Ҷ
Ҷתȥһ߳ǰΰˣ˫üҰףбޣһ˫ۼΪݺݵضҶб˵񽣣˵׶׶һ֦˼˰ذס
֦ߣ̳һߣܹĳ߱УȹŹִ֣ǿɱ
Դ޴ʱҲԺȵߣ˵ͻȻ֣͵Ϯ˶磡ҪΪڻȻͷѩߣҲᱻ϶һС
Դ޻ﻰ˼Ҷ˸ס
ȻͷѩѾŻʸӽܵǶ˴ʱӦ뿪˾
סļҶɫȴͬʱѹסеļ꣬Լѹһ侲״̬֮¡
ΪӦõǰˣԼµĵˡ
Էʵĸ֣Ҿе֡
˿ԷеűҶ򣬵ɳʵߺˣ
ǻһȻбȻϷ򡭡λꡯα롣
㣿ʮ֡ʮġλꡯα룡Դ޾һŵصʮǰѾô
λꡱαϸһ˿Ц½ѿ֮ưˣȻôڰа˲˴֣һٹأ
Ȼʱ˿ٰڴ˵ĻϳǰߣһֱʦˡԷ̵ߣҲô뵽λ֡Ȼʮ꣬ȻܹŵΣһֱΪһˡ
αǽʦ֮⣬ǡһϪˣĺ㽻ֵǣֶӡ
벻ǰҲϽ˻ˮҶĵ˵
αߺһЦ֪С֪˻ˮ֮Уԭأ
󡱰Ǹ󹴽ᣬ󲿷ʱ䶼ڰǸıߣ£ԱôȨָȫڷǸϣ⡰󡱴г٣˵ûС󡱣ǸҲнôơ
α뵭Ȼһұ͸λһ·ϡλǽֵܣûȪ·ϲįˣ
Ǻãˣ
Ҷŭ𱬷ҪԷƴ
ûϵվ㱻չһѳס˿ţҶΣֻö̻塣
СģαԲöԸչî˵ôһ仰
ҶԴ޵ļʾȥչչ𣬽ŻŶԷȥ
ͬʱαҲűһҶ
ϸŽӽԼα룬Ҷаα似ȷѾﵽ˷ܵļޣκһ붯֮䣬覣¶κҪڲɱ»ǸûпܵģпܵĽԼڶ֮£
Ҫα룬Ҫܲ£治⣬ؼʱʹԼ롰µһɱ֡˾ռͬıһнȡʤĿܡ
ҲֻǿܶѣĿܣԼ
Ҷûα룬ҲûԷ֡
һϪǣҶǼԷĽǽʮʽ÷ӽʱԭˣ֪׽Ӧ׶Ŷԡ
˴δ֣ҶһϪ书ԿҶǶЩŵġ
αǽʦҶĺȫۣжĽα̸ܹƫΪαûеΨһ
αġ
αΪһѧʦȺսޱȷḻһţչƣҶ㼫п󰤴ľ֮Уް취ֻܼвУԱʧ뱻ӿҲҶԸ
ƵķҶóʤڱʼĽ׶ΣӣʹԼʽαĺģȻһɱ
ʱα֮仹ʮಽľ룬ͬһٶȻԤԼõһ㡣
԰ѻȸ˻죬ֻеҹ˻һƬɱ
ڽսߣ޲͸ѿѹĳظо
Ҷˡ
ǡʮһġצҶҲڼΪ·żȡʤֱһ֣ʵġãԼʮȡʤķɡ
Լֵܵһ̣ȫѹļͷ֮ϡ


075 һ
Ҷͫͻһ
һУ
Լ̵棬УҪα룬ʤһ֮ڡ
ԼҲֻһеĳֻᣬԷԼڶγֵĻᡭ
Բᣡ
һ
Ǽ
˷ܳ治⣬ʤԷһĪչκηΪʤĻᡣ
ҶľǿѹǰٿȻø߶ȼ
ʶܶĦڭǾ˼µʶɲǼΪһͻƽޣٿȻ䲽ǼΪصĵʶ
Իĩʶ
䣡
ҶԼ类УԪΪһԽ˵ϲΡ
ʶļ£ҡ֮䣬ֻСҡĴڣҡ۶⣬۷壬ͻƵʶʱ򣬱ǡҡ
ҡ
ҳաҼҰ
ʶ۶⣬ɫζ۽磬ʶ硣޿༯޵áùʣʣ۶ʣ޹Ұ޹ҰʣпֲԶߵ룬
Ħڭ޹֮֮ɲ顣
ҶʶߵĲ㼶ʱʶİ룬ҶʱġҰ£Լͷŷͷ֮ϣ˼һ㣬עԼһУעһеķܱ仯
һ̡
һжˣαٶҲƷŻҲٲ֮ǰǰغͳѹȸС
ʵȻһδ䣬ҶķӦٶȣĸоԿһߵٶתԲαĲһ¶ˮҶƬϵ䣬һ֦ҹɵſ֦֦䵯һѱҹ紵˷˷һҶĸй¶ɼϸҶжÿ޳
˫ֻʣʮ롣
ҶͻȻ֮ϸ仯αͻУ벻С紫˵еǰ㣬ԽսԽǿĶ֣۶κ֮Ϊе˵µʡ
α˫Ŀ䣬һգգصҶÿһô϶ÿһͬٶȣСһΣ߹ʱĻ涼ǿѹȣسڲ۹ȥ
ڡһ澢ǵ£һʱһףһ죬һľٿȻһ˪һǷŷһ˿Ҷ΢΢ˡ
˶ǺȻĲҲҿǰһΪηȴܿԷǿơ
ʱҶȴǰȻ
ˣҲܶ㡣
ֵܶ˻ҪѽΪɱһ·ˣܶ㣬ֻӭѶϡ
һ̣ȻмĽǸոĽȫһӵ¼һ޶ı飬ˡµһѹٴһ֣ҶͻȻеѹҲôˡ
ͬһʱ̣αȴдҪǸĽͻȻվߣԼһֱϰĻֺαͻȻվǰ̨Сȭأ
׿ǸŮ̫ˡ
׿ǰǸС΢Ůˣ;Բǰľ档
һж̫˳ǸŮѾԴ޿̵ĵزˡ
α뻳һǻŭҶʼ֡
ͣ
αġһգ׶Ӱ̬㣬һʦֲһţ˼֮ĺհɥȴûźȲɣΪսÿһˣеĸʵ̫ˣǿ쭵͡
ͬһʱս

翽ʣĸоӳġ翽ٲͨǳӯԵԴ޺չ֮⣬ûΪζѡ翽ֹŹֵĸоǸоȴʵ˵ǰ
α̤սȦ׶ӰȥһΣ׶βֱָǿգ龰졣
ҶĿɣ翽ңָα롣
ءһӸߴ£׶ңԡ翽ɲǣαı䵥׶׶Ϊ˫ֳ׶Ҳ֪׶׶ˣһ֮ʸԾ˵ĸҶԹʱҵĸо֮еⶼ⾪ءһǣֻʣΨһһ㣬һ׶ʵ޿ɿơ
α뷢һ̣Ҷͬӳ翽գαġһȥӭα롣
һɲǣҶչȻٶȺԼȫα룬˫ͬƽƣȻٶϱһ£Դ˼㣬翽͡һĽ㣬ǡþսȦλá
˲ףҶΪ޴ҶʵǿֲµٶȣܸҳӲأǲļʯͷȡôȻҶڵǲѱԼֵܣʱҲı䲻ֵܼ˵ˡ
ûαɱ˵ʱ򣬻ܱ򶨣ǳԿ
ҪǷˣ
ȻڵҶһӡ
һԹսĲˣ΢̣ƺѾԤеҶԷһ׶ͱ³
ûǰϵ˷չ
αеһ˿׵ġһѳһȥ޻֮ƣΪûı伴¡
Χսİ֧ɼ˵ǿ;ˡ
˫ıоҪȻײһʱҶΪģͻȻһǣĻ֮棬ٿȻ䱻ǿһľϨսȦһٿҵĺڰ֮Уա
ͻȻĺڰʱαǰһڣͻȻĹⰵ仯һʱӦָı䡣
αȴЦһһС
ѧ絽𣬱˵ǹ߱仯û۾ôҪǵĸйѾ˷˵ĵزҶα仯Ҳαĸ֪
ҶһһĿ
岽
ۿ׶գۼ佻ٿȻ䣬κ˶벻ı仯֡
ڿ޿ɿٶ£Ҷ٣Խ˷ܵĸı䣬Ȼע˵˳׸ı
ٲȦеλ÷ƫαһ
ıı
رαҶľ֣ÿÿʽ֡ȻȻ΢ļ㣬óѵĳɹαһ׶ּµĹתǡڽӴֽɲǣ۷״̬߷ǿĹ
ҶͻȻı䣬ȴĵǰһСΣһɱܿ˶ֵǿһ
⿴Ƹܵ飬ƫƫǰ֤ɽķʱαԤգ˲֮αûУΪڸݲȥС
α벻ɵ¶صɫʱҶҲٶޡ

翽ͻȻ΢仯ֱΪ³ȥȻб
ɫĹٴγںڰĿռ𺳡
׶ΣҶתơҲϣĿıͷҲҪ͵һе


076 ֮
һ̣ͷҶֵһɲǣȻıýֱ̫˼ˡ
ǻڳκˣһʵǿԼ֣ȻܷԼʵһУ㹦ҲҪֱӵķӳ
Ҷѡ⵱ȻֱֱӡɴࡢڽҪͷʱУ϶ƺ;ϣ֮ǰֱǿ׶ͷ϶ûıα׶ƣҶΪ޴
ĲǲܿģαҲ¶һ˿Եɻ
˵Ĳ˽ǵȻġ
仯ҲֻһԵԴ޺չܹףΪҶõĲǵġתơһƣ׼֮ʹǰδʹһͨµһɱ֡˾ռָ㣬ĳɱС
ʮ
ڰʹϢɱһ
α뽫ǵһһĵˡ
Ҷαûκ飬һʨãþȫҪκֵܹĻᡣȻҶ׶ͻȻٵΪһǻᱻһС仯ŵĲ
ȫʱȻһأа취ͻأı仯ȡԵȻ
һұ
֮ˮͼ֮𣬴αľעеġһȥڹ߲ŵ³֣ġͬľһĳ׶ֱϵ̵ҶͻȻѩ㾻ףһߵ׶⣬ȴһͨ죬ѱз𽻷ʱġڡһβ׵Ļһ㣬ڼ̵ʱڽҶ֮ǰȡɲǱá
ţ¼ҡ翽档
ҶеĽһĳ޷Ļߣһ
Ҷαڴ£潻档
翽Сһ
йһͬʱʧ
ϵĹâµ¹⣬˵Ȼɢ⡭
Զ˳ķλ·ͻȻһڶеһȫС
ڴ׶ӵû𣬾ԵĺڰûʮɷΧڵӾսҲƴӵʧһ㡣
˵һͣɴ۾ȴ˽֮رʲô顣
ڵж˫˵ҪԾʺŵҪʱ̣սȦĴֳһǿ˲ֱӵâǼװı졣
â䲢Զֻӳճ翽Сһ׶ɲǹ⾰ٿȥ
䣡
Ҷ⣬û׷ô£ȴ
ҶαٴֳΣоʲǱԵĺڰɣǹٲ˿ã˿̺ڰٴΰ³
ͬʱ׷ɡ
Ҷ߷ֱغֱϣʮಽֱԴ޾ȥ䱧סֹס˼ͷҶȻš翽־ȴѷս翽Щ㡣
ߣôԴ޵ԨһοҶôǱ
ҶϵմӻѳڵһƬһƬļⶼж˵ĺۼз̼һƬںڰװףΪѿ
Ҷ񹦹ǿеֻǸڱƤû֮С
ƣǱǿ󾢵ˡ
ʱɫ԰ףԴ޵Ĵѯֻ촽䶯£ȴǡۡ³һѪǿ֧סӣԶˡ

˻ȸԾѡ
ȻУʤľαһˣǾƵȡʤ
ʱα뷽ŻƮȻأݴδй࣬ҲôδйضȻصҶû˵һ֡ϡһֻʣ׶һ߶೤׶棬ѾʧӰ١
ֳİ
αȣûиҳһ䣬ΪʤߵαĿ֮£ͻؽһ΢һģڵء

˻æǰסα롣
û뵽αƢִ֣͵һ
ž
ٶĲֵˣȴͬһʱ䰤˶Էһͣʱ䲻Ⱥȴһ֮££ֻвһ㷴ӦԷİֻεһƤֵܣȴʵʵرԷһȷɣ˳ȥ
ɫһȻ˺˼ɫƢĸûʲôӡ
ʱαͷȻըٿȻɢڵסͷһƻҰ׳ƮϣȴǱҶһ䡣
ƸֹڴˣϻһѪۣѪ࣬ǣһֱ쵽ǣ㽫Դ룬µۣǵѪ۳֣Ҳ۾ԭڰ׷˲ʱѪһƬ
Ϲˡ
û䡣
˵ʱ˫ʹֵĻǸܾ˵Ľ
αδܹķŭĵȻ𣬶ԷĽϢںڰͻȻûвԷγֵģֻĽҪͷƾľͳ˵ͻȻϮĽٿȻͷܹ⴩üĶһýϻԼһֻۣȴסһ
Сʮ֮֡һġλꡱα˵ܴ裬һҰܡ
α²ҺѪˮͷɢݸǴδйԴ޻ҶɭȻôģ
ҪɱҶɱչԴޣǳʹĿ̣ԼǰధգŻᷢģǹ
ٰһգȥ
ȻҶαĵ׽Ѿעǲ뵱ͿֱҶһǴ﷢ģõʲô취ôϢؾ˵Լ
Ǻڰֻһ۷αѾ򣬼ڰ죬˶ǵɴ˫ۣҲѷҶ⽣вŵһǴ﷢ģʲôһ
һؾΪĲ࣬ҪһֱһҪɱ˴ڣһֱûаɱ˶Է
ڳԼǰСӣһϢһͻȻһ˿ϣһ˿ɱǸеϣ
ҶһЦﲻͣŻѪ
ԱߵչҲǺȻһЦȴеһת֪ԼʧѪͺ࣬ѽӽ;ƿݵĽ׶Σһֵ̾ܣǽˣȻȻ˵Լȥ°ɡ
αɫʱ࣬û˸ôԼԼǰ

ݣ
αһָڣֱչ̶ȺͳֵλãչȻڶԷһָ֮ϽŽΪˡ
硭
ֵΨһһܶԴ˹ȥֵ

ָһеɣұ۶Ǳ٣˲ֱ׹ߣĴ
ãܵҵġָ
ŭα˼ҪŰˣָڶɫ𡭡
Դʹصʮվأ޷ֵָۣ˿ڴǶɱȻ飬¶һ󶴣ӹѣҾճһƬڣ̼Ľسɻҡ
Դʹ˻Ȼأʹش
ֻͬҶ¼׵㣬ȴԴʹ飬˻񹦵ĲҲɼһߡ
αûҪȡԴ޵ֻԼ֮пķȥˡ
αǰҶдδйݣ˵ΰ쵽ģ
쵽ʲô
ҶϷʵʵ
αûʱ˷ѣֻ֪һܡ
Ǹҹٿǣ
αͻȻŭسܴ󺰣˺Ȼ֮£׷ɢߣ֪ҶαϾԲкùӳԣЩʧصα᲻ͻȻȡǼ˵
αһŭ˰Ͳ˺뿪µ֡
Ⱥ糱ˮȥ
αɭȻЦǰ㶼ڶ֣һؿǻʲôӳҵġΪޣΪ⡣Ҿǳ仰ĺ嵽ʲô
һ䣬αٿȻҶ˫ӣ飬ϽѨֶ֮ҷۻҡ
ס֣Ψһ˻ģֻʣʹ󺺵ԴޣһԵչȴֻܵԲһ˫۾ݺݵضα룬һ˵ɱ˵Ļ´ʱαѾչǧˡ
αڣҶʼܿƵصڵȫӡѨ֮У޷ֺ
ŽһͺͻȻ֣뾭֮УĹͷͻȻֻͬ˺ҧȫľͽһǳһ㣬Ҷ岻ܿƵزţ°ĭƴ̣ת˲֮ѾʧȥʶıԵ
ַ˵ʹ
Դ޺չ𿴵ĿѣƴҶ֣ʹеҶȴǸֺ
ֻϢʱ䣬αýҶһ£ǹʹٿȻʧ
Ҷͬһһڵ治ͣس鴤ţ鼫ʹࡣ
αһЦôζΣǳʹ಻ôܰɣֻҪϸңһܣҾ͸һᣬʹȥұ֤㳢ҵ̷֮󣬾ԻΪʴȵĽ֮
ҶʹһαЦ㿪ʲôЦʹࣿҸоɱҪ̹أǧܼͣѡ
αɫ͵һ㵱ͰһƱˣת˲䣬ȴʧһЦĵСֻӲȴȫ֪Լٵʲôеѧһ񶾵ѶַСй֡Сַŷأҵǧǰ񡯰ִһѶַ˲ǳ鴤ʹַвصˣѾܵ΢仯˰ɣǺǺǣӲĥұ֤ĽǻΣһŹ⣬֤κ˶ᷢⶫǸˡպûжҲͣ٪塭Ǹ٪廹ҪʮٱĹΪһСɡҶΪһ˼ĹĽϣĿס

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δ䣬չԴѾһƬ
ҶǺ䤱ɫ԰ס
ȻԼԷҲֻŻԼȷȷʵʵı仯֪Է˵ÿһֶġ
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ţǳҹļ尾ĥ
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αҶĶϣַֻʹã֮ȴ֪Ǹ̵ˣꡭѽעҪһ⡣
αޱȵشЦ״
Ҷֵܣ⣬䲻˵Լʱ˿̵顣
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Ȼˣ͸ָһʵˣҶƹˤ
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һԼ÷ѩԼòʱǽһʲôĸоֻһ룬Ҷַĳ嶯
Ҫɱ㣬쵰
ҶҪֱֻ۸һ֧ţ֮ǰǹɳ鴤ʹٶϮ˲ʹصڵϣ鴤ͣȫԼĿơ
αЦ޼ɵͷˣ
ɱңƾ㣿αЦš
ٿȻ䣬ͻȻ󷽹ϵһɲƺҲܲα˵ķ񣬴׹˲㵽ǰ
ʲôˣ
α뺧Ȼͬʱû׶ġһٴγ֣ٿȻӭкµ¹ȥ
һͬ⴫Ʈһ㣬ͽĪ£Ϊʦˡ
¹գһƬ
ˮ¹£ʹ˻еҶȻͬجεĺһ㣬΢΢תֳ˯ȥ
ϣ
гһٴαһ׶һ
׶ȫļɢƽĴͶʯ𺳼ֱ˶ʹ
ݡ
ƿαڳ˳һ֮дԼҶĽˣϹһۣٴԹ龳ľ֣ʤʼ͡
οһ֮˼вһսʦ֣ʱ򣬼вʣҲǺԥ˴˵ء
ƮɣƽŲմˣңֱָ֣˻ԭλӢƥݣһγ˱ɱ⣬ȵα룬ĺǣұȡ

һӰ£һŮӵľٿȻϻԲѵҶݵСʦܣСʦܣôˣʦ㰡
ԱӰԴ޺չԶһݣΪŵؿҶ
˳֮⣬ˣȻҶͬʦֵܣʦ½ʦַңоʦ
ʦֵӦ˾ȳʵۣӳ嶼ġ
ڽӦӳȥķѩͽȻ֮ȷϻʵۻʸǰԮܵҶˡ
û뵽һҶܴѡȻаڣҶϵƣκҲûоεİ취
ġ̫Ԫ񹦡ֻԡϵʱѹסƵıԲҶǵеַȴ޲ߡ
øԶһƬɱ֮ԼХĸ·֣ε̾һ˵ߣ
ʱĴͻȻȻǰ޼ΪܹߣŻչҵ˵ע
˹ͷ
˳ܵӳʱ򣬻׺ڻ
Ṵ̃ҹȫڸˡ
ʱҶѾȫ˹ȥͬʱȥģССӥչ
αһ׶ظ֮䣬漣ǣչͷһܣȻܿҪֻ࣬ǴʧѪͲôһûнȻ

û˯ôù
ƺҲܾû˯ô̤ʵ㡭
Ҷ˫۵ʱǰֵɢʯüͷͳĵ˫ۡ
ҶٺһЦΪһۻŮأ㣬ɨˡ
ɢʯƺܾû˯ˣ̽̽ҶĶͷǿЦ˵ٹ죬ܼʦˡ
ʱҶŷܲϵҡţƺһϡ
Ҷɻ񣬶ɢʯţİĳֻ߲ܲݵҹϾҪ֣ݳˡ
֣ݳǣ
ҹ
ҵ˯˶ã
Ҷ̫Ҫʣ˫ʱȴֲؿʼܣϴɢʯʦҩġܵ衿Чǻ˯ѡİɣҡ
Ļδ壬Ҷƣ˯˹ȥ
ԼǺ۰

֪˶ãҶٴתʱ
Ѿεһֻ裬ʴĴҶ̲סһ̾Ϣ
۴÷ѩžգǰ
˪ӣʱ˫ڲסİ˺͵ġ
ҶʹѣԲ㵣ˡ
ҶѾԼ֣ݹǣֻʣһƤڹͷϣȻûгΣȻΪ˶Կʱ̿Ϯĳ鴤Լڵ֡ĵòˡ
Լһյ;ƿݵĵƣʱϨΣա
÷ѩϵĽҴҴӣиողƵĵǴʱѾһɨգ·ûгֹһ㣬ԼǣƵɤƣ֮еصȻʲôֲҪúء
ҶɵʧЦ
֪Ϊʲô÷ѩ֮е㣬·֮ǰκƣۺɱһᡣ
ȥģ
ҶѾܵҡĴ壬ڴϡ
ɽ
Ҷɻؿ÷ѩ
÷ѩͻȻ㼵бйѹҶϣܸһҶҲܵʴǶ˸ǵġ㣬Ʋɢ
ھµͭ£͵ĵƹ⣬һϡ
ͬʱ÷ѩ˵˵һˣܹκˡȫκã㲻õκκ֢
α˵
÷ѩһָͻȻѹҶ촽֮ϣ΢˵ĻţҲ˵и˶֮ΪǸˣƫƫǸ˾ûھɽϡһ㣬ҶͶɢʯˮһ֤˵ġ
Ҷᡰޡһ
ȻԼֵ֤ܵԣǾ;Դˡ
÷ѩͬʱ˵ΣҪ֪һǵģʲôʱ򣬲ʲôط֪ôˡ
÷ѩ黰࣬ȴǹڵסԼҶУԼе÷ѩǽ׵Ķ쾱ѾͨһƬˡ
һ̡
ٺ٣ã
ھʹȥҲ޺˰ɣ
ҶԼµظ÷ѩĳֶ˵Ĵ˻ڶԷĳָ⻬˲䣬ϡܵ˿˳֮С
Ҷ̲סЦЦھҪɲǣȴٴλ˯˹ȥ


077 С
ůǽ
ʫ续ɽ˷С
ǾΪůȪʣҶ١Ũ񸲸УʱһԴԵҶ׺䡣Ӹߴȥ̯һ죬޷Ƿټ棬Ȫɽ룬϶࣬ߣ̿޼ʣԽĿǽޡ
һӵʿ̧һΣһδȣȻ߽һƬ֮УǴɫһƬƣ𽥱ʤԽУǷҶԽޡ
ͣ˪Ҷڶ»
Ҷ֮ϣ̲סһǻϢһף޵벻ɽ֮أѡ
ĶɢʯЦ˹ٽʮɽԭޣҲֻǱʦʵЩʶľԿȥ˲ٷǰ⾰˽յĳɾ͡
ҶǳЦѵòػˣɶ칤İַÿһ÷гĹգȲԶҲȴ˿Ϊ֮Ȼγɵһ㡣ֻݱ죬ػϡµһˡĳƺţҲŵʱ¶ֲƵľϲ֮ˡ
ػҶ˫
ͬΪһʦ֮ͽҶҽػö֮
ػ³ͨͬΪ٣Ǻѣһڼ£û뵽ػһصŮˣΪ֮ԲѣȻٲŮӵߣʮѶֱʮǰһ죬ػ˶أһ仰δ˵ڱԵأ֮󣬱ֲˡ
Ҷ绨ʥأѰҵԷΪκòػ
Ҷ˹ҵѽһ꣬һֱڻ״̬Ĳػתʱ˻תɽΪػαУ˶ꡢ⡾й֡Ψһһˡ
һߵ÷ѩȴ˵ĹżҲ˵⡾й֡Ҿ徣ϱ޽֮ҶҲ޲ߣ治֪ǲػܱͬʦǿȥ
ɢʯɫأ̲ס̾ϢΪ⡾й֡Ҳػʦ̷ֵ
ʲô˲ɵ뾪㵵
ɢʯʦ˵ػʦ꣬ο౾ŹŲߣѾȫƳй֡Ӧ̲ѶΪֶ̫̣ձ᰷ϽѶֶΡػʦʧ٣ʶֶҲͥξʧ벻Ŷַٴֻ˴ӱʦõ˴С
ʦʧôã׸˶ٻ£ܵǸŮˣʲôˣ÷ѩ̲סֵص
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˲ɵһꡣ
ʱǰ·½ƶͻȻͷ棺Сʦ壬ǰ߾ǡ롯ˣػƢŹ֣Щǽȥġ
½ƶ⼸ɳüΪɫһӵУѾӿֳһڽϳ֣ΪóʹһһѽԵ˸β
½ҡɡʯҶˡӡ֮½ƶڵĵƳ硢֣Ʊ롢ƷɡлưʩѩˣϷΪСǡ
Ψһһϵղõĵ庽Ϊߵ츳ͬ͡
һֱҶǱʵߵġСɽûл뿪Σڽϴʲôˡ
ҶعɽȴֻЩһ·滤ͣɽĻᶼûУֱƵ˺ɽ롱ɵǸµСʦǷȫ֪
ˣǻȥɣͽҺˡ
ɢʯһ˵ţһߺһҶ̧һΣһ·Žˡ롱
ŵʡݵСʦ񲡳ģÿɵӶѹᡣ

ľķҶСȣԭӦǳȻǵҶ˽֮ת˼ƽ䣬Ȼǰ
ĿŶһôΧ壬һͺ룬½¶׹׹ĴƤҡȣ̬ңģȴϺ꣬÷ѩ⹫ǰ࣬Ӽᰡ
λȴһѩ׵ͷȴһѴڵĺ룬һһףɫ죬һǷļףһɲŭȻɱһĺɫۣΣ
Ҷϸ˺þãŻȻһԭȴСµһ֮ƵġԵ
ֻ벻λеİԵȻƽ̨ͣˣ˳ԾС
ɢʯ÷ѩҶǰǰ
⹫÷ѩڡ
ͷ̧۲ᣬֱ˵ţúӣˣȵԱߵһ£ϵɱƬײ˵٣
ϡϵ
ʲôʱ򼾹᰺Ĺϵ쵽ôˣ԰ԵǰԵԸ񣬻üôƺ
˱ʹһ飬˵֮󣬸Ǿȳ
ֻλµһԼ˵һ֣ܱǺˣαطһϺɱ̫أ̬ʧͣһֿ»Ǻ;ճ
ñףͺͺͣ춼ʮˡΧֲ壬̫˰ɣ
ƵصԺΪ󡣡
˵壡
ŭس˳½ֱӳ˴ƤǵغŴȡ
Ҷⳡôô죬һǼƼļ᰾ȻΧһϱƺͣһʮ֡ɲ˵Цģһ֮ʤܹ֮ʮִƽ֣ˮƽǸ߳һǰʲôʱ赶ŪǹġԵⱾ£
ǣһֱעֵͻȻԵλСϢȣ֮֮˼ˣҵв࣬ʱʴС塣µǣ֮ھǣԪڸεķΡüͷͻȻһ壬ҶŵС֮пǰȻôʹεֶΡСЩʱգǼ˰
Ȼʺ򣬾Ȼ̾Ϣ
⡭⻹ǰǸԵôʲôʱôNICEôͰˣ
Ҷ֮࣬ɢʯɵڨڨЦٺ٣δ벻ԵǰͰ˹
û뵽Ǻ׷ͷһ㶣תͷŶɢʯʵԵʲôԵ˭ǰԵ
һʣҶ˵ʵôɵ
壡
ٴαŭ
ãúáĪĪæЦǺǵתͷȥ塣

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ʣѵԼô
˲ԵĿյԶһС¥ͻȻһŭ𣺡TMDһҪɱ㣡
˲쿴𣬾ͼһ˴Ӷ¥߱ӰأǰһŰѴ˵һظõ֮˾׷ɱǰ¥ܵˡ
ٴο۾ֱΪʱŲ˵ŭҪɱ˵ıͽǴ˵šзȡ׵һĵġ彭ƽܵλ÷ȡ


078 
һǰŻ̳Ȧ֮󣬴ͷһҶ߾˹
˵ҶʶãΨ˴δתһ룬³˶Ƕɢʯʦػ
˾ߣƫƫϲ·˴Ŀͷ׷ͦһԻĿӢȥֻֻ꣬촽Ʋ޳βһС˼Ϊȴ˵ĿЦһ߳һ߳Ųӽµɱˣɱˣɱˡ
÷ѩ̲סһƲ죬λǴ˵еĵһţػɣҲ̫ˡ
Ҷ̲סʧЦλǰԸʣСڵĺܡ
ɢʯοЦüĵλµûλǱʦػ
δ䣬ǲػˢһ·˹ֱӹڵأ֨һɶԶһѳסᰵ°ڣϺңƽˣ

̧һţֱӽ߷ɣĵΪĹŪ˼ɢʮ꣬㻹˼
ػһ࣬ǲǱ˽ٳȲѣȲѰ
ƨɫ⣬ԶϵףǻΪʲôɫŮߵأԭ˼ҡ˸ذƱˡTMD㻹ױһ⣬ǰ˸ף˵ȥˣޣ
ػʱ֣ЦͻȻôһŮͶͱһʱɫ֮£Ϊ˼ҿˣдôһŸǣ˭֪ȫô£һͱ˸ˣֱʮꡭ
ãá᰺ɸֵš
ػһϯȴҶһ˲õĲ롣
ޡ
ػʧٲħŰıйذɣˣҲħԮħųưҪһ
Ҷʱòô̫ˡ
һԵĶɢʯʵھѿ֮ʱޱȵʦͻȻôŵӳǰЩȥˡ
ʦ٣ʦߣ⡭
ǲػʱйתͷҶ֮ȴǴ֣Цٺ٣СӾˡй֡ĵùϣܱΣǽǲ׵Ļ񹦰ɣȻɳ٪ˡ
ɢʯ˵ϵʦ
ػһɢʯ۾ʱһЦٺ٣Сʯͷûаʦʳ¯ʮŮѽȥ
˵ţػͻȻһ˪÷ѩһ˫۾ʱֱֹŮŮŮˣˣһˡ
Ҷ̲סЦȴ÷ѩΪŭֱӾͰνͱԴ
̧һţߵƨϣɫߣģ˵һ˼ʮ꣬Ů߲·㵱ֲˣ˵ʲô
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ȵúãĳһ
ʱƽѾܵ˸ǰ˵ȥһ˵
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ػ㵹䲻ݷض㿪ͷµһ˳һܡ
İԵͷҲ̧Ƕеƫ֣ӵٶ߰ɣԽĶţϺ꣬ˡ
ƽһδУתϵӣңýģǳͷתõһסܡ
ǲػԵ̧ܵĿյֱӴ˳ȥѾӾܣƽŭһȱ׷
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֮΢ֵȲźظҶҪ˵ҡ֣һƨԱߵĵϣڵش۵òᡣ
Ҷ÷ѩػһۣôļϼһﶼ书ȫһũͷܵģƽûʲôֱˣѵһεĴôȫʧ书ɣ
ƺӦ˶˵ɻԱߵļЦǶ˱֮ˣҶһֵҩ֮ڲԼ̶ȵƣ֢ƶܹͻо硭ǺǣûҰˣǼдԡ
ʱŴؿڵж̯ӣҲ⣬޴𣬲ܲ¥ȱϻҵϲܻҵϣЩͽҲһù
ɱɱк洦˵ĲǱˣȻһѧǵʱҶ˵ĴЩӦ
̾˿˵ɻεָָԴϵˣȻԼ˭ˣǳը̫ҵʱȫ飬ûһ˵ĵطǸ缸ƴյظʰ޻ġܲѾȫ٣ȫޣҲȫʧˡãᱨˡ
ǰԵŷ֪˵ԼֻǴߴټᰣ𿴣𿴣壬塭
Ҷ̾Ϣһʵǽǰô
ⲻǸŷСȥôȻǸסһġŮТ˳ϵӺø
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ȿЦһϵѹ̫ߵҲ˵ףֻ֪һţи֧ţΪĹȥϷȴûм˵ͷܺã¥ϼһҲչˣѾ˼ˡ
Ҷ֪ԼʻƴĶˡ
ʧȥ޵ȣеʹԲʱôƽӵĸ飬ҶĿѷֱ˴˵Ĵڣȴʱ̣Ϊպı

ػһȦ֮󣬿ͨһڵϣˣܲˣųˣȻŪңﻹһһͱҲͽˡ̫TMDˡ
ƽ׷ȥҪ磬Ϣһ󣬻ָȥһѾͰѲ˵˵㻹û꣬ɱҲ޲ϽˣһɩӺͺӲҪ
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ˢһʱ˵Ŀⶼе˵˵ϡҶϡ
ҶӣȻһЦϲĻλŮ֪
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ػһЦҵֶΣòȫĵøһģһü֪غĶӱ֪س˱ˡ


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Ѧŭ֣һԾ죬ͷ½ϣ˫͵һң

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Ѧ㾡ȫʹԼġ֡·òη壬һơ
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ʶȻ·ѦռϷƣʵȴǹΪ֮Էγɳ࿹̬ƾԼԣԻ˽һĹѦ
ĿЦơĻ͵һǣϯϣѦ˺ֻһ𣬾Ļ֮ȥ


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ʱЩȴɱĿıѦȱڴվȽŸֵ֧ȫɱС

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ʸ̩һҪţǡްˡ
žĪʸָָ̩棬̫ٴοȥʱ緫ʽϸ֣ǧ򣬴ССͨ洬ҲԴ̴ͬҲ¥ߴս
ĵģ̾Ϊֹ
ΪһҴ֮ϣˮԶߴԱǰˣǡޡеĹܺͲԹ
ʱһܲǰΪһ֧ӰķԸҲѾǴڣˮ·ʮһկĴӶѾλ
ˮ΢΢һ̾ȻԭƻӭӴɽɡ

ˮ·ҡҡλ֮Уʸüͷ壬Ҷľ»عȻ˳ˣ˻ûת
ʸµĴΧѦ͡ңʸѾǰκ޾ΡϾɡʤȳ͢ڵڶ㣬˾ռָԶһЩΧ
ҶΪʸὫַŻر֮С
ңʸǰʵµô
Ҷ̾ݣ±ǿ壬һμģȻʱ鵤ȶƣ̫Ѿ;ƿݵĽ׶Σ¡
Žûбİ취ˣ
Ҷҡҡͷ
ѦҧҧȻ˵Ȼˣϣּܹ⣬ƽɽλӰɡ
źңͬʱ̾ϢһĬȻ
λ£ʵڲЩܹģļɻ̫࣬ûᱻԣͽȻ»ʲ
Ȼʵ׽ʮӻʸ̩ӡʮӵȣΪ˱ܻҲضص˷أرҪǴȻ´ҡ
̫塭
΢ͻȻ˾Уʵ۾ôͻأת˹
£ˣ̫
ңʸæǰȥһס˻ʸ֡
ʸ˫ѾʼɢĵԪȻعⷵյûзֻεŻʸѵ֣

ʸѴӻͳһʵӡ˻ʸµϡ
ֲһֱҲԭϻʵ۽곤ҲûҰĵġңУҲʵֲȨģܻٵ
ʸ˫ֲͣϵĲƥȫƿһֳƵһֻ·ǿּķ̨
ʸ鼤ֻϵĴ֣
ͳ족
ֵһһأһԵĽۡ
ʸ߶šͳ족˸ֱ֣ӯ֧֡
˿ñ˲ѣΪλݺһϻʵȴҾ겻ѡ
ſϻʵתΪֻʹȥæǰȰο£Ī̫˱ӹҪ»űƽء
һ¡֣ʸ¹Ȼһ˹ٿȻСӡ
һǿˮūڡ
ʮɹҲ밮
һ֪Ҫ´пܱи֮£λʮɻʸ̩ˡ
һС̫˳ȥָӴ˵ʮӡ
ʱһеĻʸ̩ϻһѪۣɱص
μӸʣ
ĩݼ£

ʸ½һ𣬵䣬޲ˣպ޵Ľɽ㴫ʮӣаţַѦ䣬ҷ棬ʮɿѯ̫塭´ңĲıսԡƽҪⷽ밮ˣǧǵҪʮƽ°
ݺᣬϳǱС
ʸ̩޵念Ⱥƽ£λ
֣ʸ¶ŭԣ˻æðβ»عΪԼ֪Լ״Ѿ;ƿݣ㲻ԣҵķԸ
ʸ̩ŵͷٶһ䡣
ʸ˿Լľһһμͷ
ʱ̣ʸ¿Ŵ⣬ͣǰץӣƽ¡
ϢһϣȻ¡
ʣ
£
˱
ʸһ޾ŭ޾ĻںУ˫ۣµֱ
ӴĴӣڽˮ֮һ·ϣռǣһסˮ·¿ݣϵһƬ˸ȹ̵Ĵ󷽡
Żʸ¹ϢȺ۲Ƶ֮˲ǻʸиس֮ˣжʮ֮࣬غģԲ
ģϷỊ̇͢ţڳĦ룬ռݳݳ֮ݣƺʹŵѹݳһ֮أ޷ֺ
̫կ̫ƽݣɢռݡ
ռݣռݼһݵİڣѣǸ嶼ʮ򱱵ҲֻĽܡ
ǸֲϻλĻʸ̩ţš͡Ȼѳ嶼ǣΪӵǿıԱȻ˱ΪЦ󷽵ġʵۡ
űǿɨݣƽӰ涨򸮶ıȨ֣ʸ̩ǿ˼ֻʵ۵֡
ʸ̩մȴο˾ݺݣݵӥңӦĹ
Ȼʸ̩ˮ·ֵס˱ĹӥȴУ᧿ΣҪԮӥҪĿıǴ֮ͨͨݳ֮ء
ͬһʱ̣ݵĻʸ̩źͷǸҲĿŵϡΪǵܣǱҵΧ̫ƽǰ̣Ǿݡܹչֻ봨ݡ
뷨ģֹ
ҰĵıңķһǼռİݻ̣˳ɽĴެͬһʱ俴ˮء
צӣ˹鱾Դıأ˸ľ´Һķһȼ
µһ꣬ܿ㵽ˡ

ҶƺЩȫɵ
һ괺
ӣ׷ɣؼһƬ㡣
֮£Ҷ÷ѩһ壬һߺСƣ
ƣҶеġй֡ǧٵͬѾȫ⿪
ǲػİҲǲ󣬶ҶĻ书֤Ǿϣû뵽Ҷ˽ˡй֡ԭ֮󣬾Ȼڤ񹦡ֶΣӲһ㳢ԣһ㻯⣬ÿе澢һ̽ȻȫĻȥٸɴ಻ֶ֢ΣֱòػҲɵۡû뵽ǧ궼ų޽ĴôҶлΪΡ
ҲйľȫҶΪⷬϸµĹøȻȫͨľñǰʵʮ౶˽͡
ԳƻܿóҶʵܵδ֮󣬼ٴολŮȴҡͷԳ޵еҲҶʵǿһ
ҶСӣ֮ͥٴצҲ㹻ʵɱԷ˰ɡ
ᰵһ仰֤ҶѾʵսȫȫľǡ𡱸ˡ
ʮλġצܹȡʤôٴǰʮġλꡱαأ
˲Բ²⣬Ҷȴȫϣ·ķѾȫԶȥ
⡣
ֻǴʱУȴһԴޣੲݵرԹͣ
һҹº÷ѩط̡续Ҷ졣һֱһ˵ʮŮôûǵġߵáȴû뵽һġһҹº÷ѩ˵ľߵ÷ѩ˲˲ҶӾȻȢµһŮĽʷǳް
ҶǳЦ÷ѩ⡣
֮£Դȴɱʢ̸ˣ˵سŴ̽ϢҺúõزϰһ¹Ρһġһҹº÷ѩ˵ߵ֮⣬ľġ졯˵Ƕɩٺ٣ֵǰڶ䡮ط̡˵˭֪ô
ĻشԴһĴȣ˷˵ȴԭǽҵһλС㣬̵ġλСʣ磬˽ŮӵǴŲŲĴҹ㣬ȴΪһͻϮݣλСһ֮Ȼλ޾ʿչ¶µľ˽һۣʿ֪λ֧ľŮӣȻǶĹŵӣذмӣһֱδ˵٣˵麣һͷǲĺɧôƯŮͽܶǲǴҪݲؽ
Դ޸ЦȻҶ÷˵ĮԴ
ãȻԸٸ˵˵λŮҲλ续ҶλŮһţ̫׽̫˵СĵӣһԼ˵ʣ˵κ˿˶ⲻ˵İôôŮӣôôˣһչЦݣҶҲ޻ڡģ񡣾ΪҶ׵ŮӡͬڰҶӡصŮӻһꡮĺ¼СһյŮӡѡƱһôɣ
ԴƤЦģٴλ˵ӡ
֪ԸǰŮȻҲߵãٺ٣λŮȺ󣬾Ϊʵڷֲ˭ڵһλ˭ڵΪһѪսЦˡ
ԴƺԼĻǰϣι졭
֪ԸԵĻ˵˵ʣµʮŮ
Ҷܲס̾һԵҲԸ㷸ôĥԼĥô˾ͽѾͷܾıףʾԼڤСôԼܴˣͰԼĥˣ㡭
˾ͽһ֣Դ޶ʱû˻ɫ˷Ī˲ΪబۿỨһƲۿҪ޳
ѽǷˣ
ҶͶʾ
ȥϸƺϢҲݳڵ˾ͽദ֮ԴΪʱ죬˼ҹ˰Ľ֮飬˾ͽؾ˵Ѿϲ֮ˡ
Դʧ֮£ʣ˾ͽʵڲ䷳¶Ľڤʵ
Դܴ֮󣬱һֱʧǵӣֱͻȻתԣѰҶྣװһģ״̬ȴ˵ġ
ʱҶ£Դٴεʧ״̬֮УۿǱԵҶУվ÷ѩ˵ء


082 Ŀ
Ҷȥ÷ѩ֣ȴûϵһץգ÷ѩԱߵȡһѣ˵ӣһģ̴֮С
˶ˣǾͶС˸档
Ҷɻؿ÷ѩλŮȴһ˫۳ĶƳԴһۣ˵Ů˭أ
ϡԴٿȻ˷Ҷ˫Ͷ״ŰϸԹ¡
塢ŮǵˣֱƹĽȻǸĊźͶķѩⶫһռʮ۲ѡ֮ˣǽˮŮӣǲͬǲͬ
÷ѩͷЦȷЩ飬Ƥǰ𪣬ԸҲȻŮӿʵĶ࡭Ȼţò˺󣬳ֺãܹϰ񲢲⡣ǵڰǺأ
ԴЦڰ͵ھ֮ǰǡǹԷǧԻ̣ĽҵǧĽ
ҶʱȤʵҪ˵ŷŮòǻƣΪʮŮֻ֮ռϯأͱλ˾ͽҲӵаǧϡΪûϰأ
Դ̲סЦߣ˵㣬ʮŮѡȣŷѡ٣иƨã˾ͽȻɫףʮλ˵ȴǲһأһҶ˵
ޣô˵ͦ
ǵȻˣǡĺ濯ʮŵʾĽ
Ҷͷֲ̣ܽΪȻɳĽȻ͊Ҳֻõ͵ǰûнȥ
һ˭÷ѩʵ
ʮɾȤˡԭͶƱĽλŮԸǰλĶŮֻϧΪݶ䵽˵ʮ
Դôһ˵Ҷ÷ѩͬʱŨȤô˭
ƣǡ衯ϷɵͽܣȻҲ˵Ůģ֮ŮǸֵĸ׻ʦһԲ޵ˣǶȻΪᣬ־ޡ츮Ļֳңš桯
Ҷ̲סۣ̾øԸǿŮӡʮֲϷɸܵλ
÷ѩҲΪŮ겻ѡ
ԴЦ˵֪ôǸϷָĶҲһʶѡ
˭
͢
ҶһĴȣ̲ס̾Ϣѹˣҿôף͢ǸʲôüۣģѸúõŮӣӲǱƵ˾·ˡ
ɲǣͬǰСˡԴ޸˵
÷ѩЦ˵ȻôǸŮӣ岻緢磬Ůຣˡ
Դ޴һ
÷ѩȴΪԼЦ
˵Ц֮䣬ɱһɵĵӣȴ档
ԴҶȷ֮ɵĵҲӽԼҵСʦ壬˶ɵĺɽ¸ǵġС֮Уÿ춼ɵĵӸ磬ĵӼÿСʦ֮󣬶лõָ㣬СʦȻ棬֮ҵԼѧеӦİ취Ǻ˵ֵĲ¡
ʱҴҶϼ۶ûдһĵ۶õģҶһ֮ЦôСˣǺǣһǽ۱֪ǡһ塿ַСӿ϶Ĳˣôܻᱻһ׻Уġ׷еġҡһʽԻԷƣֳߡٲãáȡҲԱܿǰ
ڶУֻýУԴ˿УӵĽ̶ȣʶŵĵ۸ŵĵ֮¡
ڹǳп֮
ҶЦ棬ܻЦرһղͬ澹Ȼһ࣬߬һţ֣صؽҶСʦ壬ǴǱߴšƺүӣˡ
ʲô
Ҷ˴һæţϸһɵáѽһֱۡ
ĵϢֻһһέɽΣӲ½ɵĴ֮ʱͻĸִɱϴ˻ԣԪϵɱˣ˲зˣжʮͬơ
ˣڣڵĸ֣̿һֶ֣Σ泤Ľֻһ֮ȡ˽κֵϴҪԶһЩҲӲ
ϰͷô
Դ޿ţݴžϰдģѾص˴ˣ˾ƣڴ׵ɥ¡˵ȶҲҲȶϰ˷ʱԴ˳֣ȻΪ˿ƳˮҲѹסյǻõģڴϣá
ֵܰ˸ѾΪĻʸ̩ĵǻ˲䱻˷˼֮ϡ
ڽϼİ˸СӣһӣȻǰԵµʵѾС
˵ǻĻʸ̩֮⣬϶չʮӥʺ绨ųڽУ߿ݣȹ̴󷽣ϰ˵Ĵ˿ƴˡ
ϱ߻һĳ˸־ǵֵӪ
Ҷ̲ס̾һ㲻㣬ĸǻԤ꣬ϻʵ۲ٸʱ䣬ʵڶ屶ϡ
Դ޵ͷͬ⣬˵ϰҲͬĹ۵㣬˵Զûȫ׼ʮȫʮսۣ˼ȻˣǱ͵ýšϰʮĿƵסĶֶµĳ԰ʵԶԸǡϰֻǶע⡣ݳ͢飬Ѿɡɽ͡ɴų͢ڸ֣תɽˣ׼Žɽ˵͢ȡݵĿȨϰ˵ɽţһʱҾ֮Уƿ͢ڸ֣ݵչжܹȡվһڴݾ棬ʹɽ˾飬ǴкôġǸϴоɣ飬ǻ뵽˷Ǹ֮У嶼ҲŵˣϰҲ˵ˣŲôȰͷġ
ҶĵͷѣҪˡ
ţ
ҶһǸھԼһ꣬СӾǡֻء˰ɣҲϿΪһͻƿڡ
ʲôʱ
ԽԽã
ǺãҶ˸½վ
Դʲô˼㲻ھ߰ɣ
ҶٺһЦΪʲôأѵ㻹СʮŮĻ߰Ҫô


߾ 


001 ɥ
ħŵ棬Ѿ˷ĵز
ħݷǸµʱ
ʣħŵĿģ÷ǸƹΪ׵İ׵ڶԿ֮ģȵ´ңƣ֮ʣһԳ֣ͳһ¡
Ǹʱ򣬼ħǽ壬ȫ°ƣս̬֮£ҲпܽħƽϢµĴҡ
ħ˼룬ΪνΪԶ
ƺͲ֣ħŲȱٵײɱּȱٵЩĽ˧˲šϧħٹ죬ܹѰħһϵԴɱǶħŵĴԸӵġ
ҶڡСħţĺţ֮УҵͷؿϷĴ󱭾ơƾţǱеˮҲһûнûеһĲơ
ҶһûжǸˣ۾ʼûſ
÷ѩԱߣḧŸı˸ŴδйĹâ
Ҷ̾һ÷ѩǹһأԼһǻڻеļϵ˺ۣȴһֱϣǰñסģܵ÷ѩʧȥ飬ͷȴһֱڵѪ
ҶȻ˿ϵľƱ̱˹ȥһƾҲ̱조ࡱһͽ˶
³Ʊֻصԭĵط
ԱһֱûҶһ۵÷ѩȴһǧЦ˳ʲôʱѧ˺ȷôȥֻò˼ָ꣬ͷöһӡ
ҶָһԱߵľ̳ٿȻһߣֱƱ֮У಻٣һͬʱ˵᲻ɴҲںеûмˣʱúһ£ʱ
÷ѩؿҶʵôôˣ
ʱݣԭ϶Ѫһ˿ڴôԼʶ˵ԼǰĹˡҺúһգܵ˺Լںˡ
÷ѩתͷٴθеĽ棬ָ֪о֪
Ҿָоκһ˵ϡҶһΪŵ˵
÷ѩ˵ͷ֪ԴӼһұ֪ܹ
Ҷ̾һԼʱգڽǱɱһշģɥĵز
ҶޱߵĴɫʵǵˣ
ʦչ˽ϾҪʥչӢ۵ġׯˡ
ŶׯҶһпԼʧ˿μӡһΤЦᣬ·ʶֵˣɽׯʱһιȥѾˡ
¶ɣѾǶʮһˡ
ȻȥͲ󣬵֮࣬ѾҶЩƣڼ䣬ˡ
ӡ̵飬Щļ䣬ɻظԺ֮С
ꡰʥչİͽڸ;껹Ϊһι˷ǣչǰҲѧԺĿ䳤ϣɽ´ѧҾ书ϣȴͻԭо磬ڵĸС
Ӣڼô
δ𻰣ԱߵİԷͰŴϣͷڼأҵСϴθдţ˵ϱָһԴӣ٣˫̥Сӣͷ˵ģNɪ˵ǻؼ꣬úꡣ
ɽµĴС飬ְԣû֪ġ
ҶȻһЦ˵ӢģҲʱ֮ˡ
ߣȻ·˵أΪӦȥŰݷһ

ϵׯ¼䲢ʲô֮أȴǡ
ׯǡʥչλֵܹͬԴ
ϴǡʥչ֮⣬˷ֱ϶ɽȭƽƽ붨飬ġйٱʡʷ԰塰ȡ顣
ֵ˵궼쾳Ϊֵܺһ¡
Բȱӯʮǰֵܵġ壬ׯλڣֻʣϴ󡰱ʥչ϶ɽȭƽׯ
ΪĵؾһԼһϵҲԼķ
ڲݣʿȴͬ飬ΪŽᡣ
ǲȥչⲿҪ͸ݣȴҲǲС
ɽˣϼɽɽ̵ɽɽɽɽɺϳһɣʵǧֺ֮Ĳ
ׯڵشֻǼ򵥵һõ꾡ָ㡣
һׯʱʱ֡
ԭ鵽ׯǰʱȴٿȻΪǴɽׯм໶ЦݣԺֽҷ裬ǽ캸¶һƬɥᾰ
ȫׯТɿҶһҵ٣һ֮̽£ŵ֪ǸׯׯǴҪݷõĳʥչ
ҾݴĴТׯܣӢѾȥʮչ⾰Ѿв˴ǰ䣬ʱׯ˶֮һɽȭƽչӣԽӴŵͣҲܵ
֮⣬ǡɽȭƽҲǰļʽһͬͣλעݼΪġӥȡһɽϾɽ۵ʯ׵ˡ
˶ǵңѼڽ¶棬ǺȻݰٵ˶еȡ
ֻǹŹֵǣ⡰ʥչǰɥ£ȴݵӢۺܣһӢۣչ֮һΤЦ춼ûδЩ֡
̲סֹͷļ²ԾôҲѧԺĿϣѧԺҲǱ𾴵ǰô֮񶼲ɽμӣ֪ͨͣʲô˼
Ҷ𻰡
ʱдТׯǰʻҶһδݣֻдֵĩѧ󱲣ǰȫ飬
Щʿͺܶ࣬ׯҲ֪ƾ֮δؾͼչˣĽҲⱾвĵĹأҲûжѯʣǰȥݼ
ҶһˣΪ˲עĿʹʮֵ͵÷ѩɴ棬ڸ˾գʶδ䶯
ׯһãҶһ̽ѯ֪չʮǰڿУεʱͻȻ⵽̿ʹɱǰδüн
Ҷһɵðһ˼֮ϵһ
ѵħŷм׵ɣ
ӵʣҶá
һƬҵϸǣѴ硣
Ҷһˣ¼ԱһТչӣһТɫݣԹִ
ڴʱһ֮һ͵ⴳ֮ڣϸļ֡չǧš֮ѽһҽУֱ˹ľ״޵磬㣬ôôأ
˼ʹޣһ㶣벻ǿŲȻֱã󳳴¡
Ҷ֮ȴһ㶣ֹףǡһΤЦΤүӵ˰Ҳû룬пǰδɡ
ǡһΤЦһչӵʱ¶޴ģһۣϴ̾˿ǰΪΤڰ˳䣬ҸҸ
˵ѾԲˡ
ԭ޵ΤЦԷһ˵һӱͷʵãúãǼӲˣȥǾȻɥϷһţݵѸҲ֪ġУҲЩС˵Ƕأƽǻ˵


002 ԩ
ΤЦŭֱӺ϶ɽȭƽʲôط
ΤЦôһ֣չӵʱɫΪΣ㶼ͬʱͷȴûһŭġ
ΤЦһΣ֪Ҳѷɥ飬ƽһ˵⣬ûһչׯĻȨȫǡɽȭƽ
ʧ֮ΤЦıƢʱƽҳTMDҹûˣˣ˵ϻ㡭
ΤЦǶŭʱⴳĸ֣Ƿ׷ǰȰΤЦ죬Ҷһĸ˶ΤЦͽܣֱǶͽڳͽͽĿʮͽҡ
ͷһʧ˿̹˺ʹެսǰ˼ʮͽܣҲʣ⼸û
ɱЩϱڳ˲ֱ֮ͬѧԺϰ䣬˽ԣ㶼Ѿﵽ˵Ԫľ磬ⱲֻҪ⣬պȻǲĸ֡
Ҷ˿ΤЦãΪԶʶûбΤЦһ˿
ԹͻȻ˵˵ϣΤòᣬҪҪȥֻ֣ҪҳľܰƽСӸ
ЪŰ㣡Ҷû˵ô˵Ǳ˼ҵļ£ãϡΤЦôɣΪҵĹϵĪ棬ǣȻᱻ˵л˵ˣ˼ҵɥ¶ϡ
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ʱͻȻһҵĺһӱѵߺȵΤͷTMDĻׯ
ΤЦٿȻȵӣΤЦʲôģҼϸݺΣ㾹ȻϢЩϵ֣㵽Ǻξģ
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ԭ˾ǡʥչĽֵܣɽȭƽ
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֮ϻֱֳУҶֱظеⳡɥ񲢷ô򵥡
⼸ﵱУ书羹Ȼﵽ˹龳ĵزȻһѧʦȣȴΪ˺󣬾;վһߣŻ˾þƹĪ⡣
ŷһ֣ĿΤЦľ֡
ҶҪ⿴֣⣬עΧ
һ㶣ʦ뷨˵ͷ˳ȥǼΧͬʱӲ·⡣
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ֻһ㣬Ҷ֮⣬ûκһ˿ߡ
Ҷϸÿһ˵ӣȻ֣ͬһ˵бǻɱ겻ʮ꣬ТչֱϵУӦչֻʱеɱ⣬ȴͶΤЦ죬Ͷƽеһ
Ҷ˳۹⿴ȥɵһǸ龳ĸòûм֪ΪΣҶȴһ˵ϤУƺӦԼʶĳ˲Ŷԡ
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ΤЦЦЦúò죬ǸȺ۵ݣʱƽһɽʯ׵ɫ䡣
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ΤЦһһסӥȣƳǡôɨһӣʯƽ

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ΤЦһŭ𣬵һ̧ңָȺеڳƵıʹ֮ɫ
ʱһԵĸоСﴦɢ֪Լˣǰذ׻˾綾
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ҶѲǼǰճëͷСˣڽϣκ𡰽ɡҶǲɵĴָ
ʱ䣬һ¶꣬˳µĸһ翽ܾý֣Ψһȷİݼǡʮġλꡱα룬ԼһġĽ
ܹλֵĽⱾѾһ׳ˡ
ҶʩʩȻĿ˻ȥ򵥵ؿ˿ΤЦƣ˵һӣǲΤЦ츹ذ׵ʱ˳Ҷ˫Ө׵ŵΤЦĸӨ֮߱£ŨڷѪҺʱӸ˿ӿɰת࣬ΤЦֻеһϮò˿ھȻۿɼٶȿʼ裬ֻһʱ䣬ԼϾ綾ȫ壬ԻĲ˵ٸ˸һܣҲѪˡ
ҶϵֶͨΤĳ
ΤЦԵ̾
Ҷ΢΢һЦΤǰηǿȨҸ嵨ҶĳӢۡ
ʱͷͻȻȵǶ˻ƨô˿֮𡭡
ҶͷҲ̧ΤЦΤǰϢһ°ɣҶĳΪٲĺˡ
ΤЦľȻͷҶŽäӵġ
ҶġɽȭƽûҶ书ֻڽĴţʱҶȻǸëͷСӣʱһ׳ҶҶΤЦɱ֣ʵ֤ݾڣѵڴΪŰô㲻µµӢô
ҶŶƽЦһôбҪôôӢۣƽʲôʱôҴµӢˣ
ƽŭ㡭Ŀ֮£ɱ֣
Ҷ֡ô
ƽɴ۾вҵȻˡǲţһ׶Ŀߵ֤ʣ־ΤЦ졣
Ŷ֤ˣ
ƽɫһˡ
ŶˡҶͷ㡭ʱڳ֮һĿô
ʲô˼ƽȻֻһˡ
˵ѣҶ˵
ڳ֮ˣʱȻ
˭ڳĻ˭
Ҷתͷ֮ǰɱǸӣһָ
⣬ܡ
ֵڣ˶һ㶡
ӰһΣҶһǺ˻УὫڵϣӣû˵ʱǲҲֳ
ǡɽȭƽȵСӣ㲻˵
ǸСӡĺӺݺݵصƽһۣ֣صص˵ͷ
ҶʵСô
ҽƣ˽Сˡ
ߴ磬ôʱ㶼ʲô
Сƺ޾ɫ˵ҵʱøˣүү鷿Ҽүүүүһ˷ͻȻүүγһϸĽ̽үүţȻˡ
˵꣬һָԱߵΤЦ죬˶ʱ۷׷ף˵ȻΤЦɱչ
ƽЦӲѣȻˡ
ΤЦһҵر۾
Ҷģʵ㿴ľλүүɱүүôȷô
СƶʱҡҡͷᶨصǸȻøλүүһȴ
ʱ󻩡
ƽһɫ䣬ƽǴеСĪźͿˣ˵ʲôʲôֲġ
Ҷŭƽһۣʵô֪˲λүүأ
ζζСűӵҴС۹ŵӴӣɱүүϱһɻζǰλүүһ㶼ûУԿ϶
׳С˼һ·Ȼûζˡӥȡһɽм˵
ԡС˫۵ɵԲͻȻǸζûʧǸζŵˡ
˵˵ƽŭҲΪһСӵĺΪɣǼٵģҶ˵ѡ
ֵеԽڶҼҺƶ˵ѣҲĴСл֢һŵ۱ȫ֪飬壬Ҳ֪˵ҼҺƶ˵ѣ
Ҷ˫âһ׷ʵ˭Ǹζ˭

СٿȻһָʱ򣬶ӰһһѾߵ˹


005 ħ
ݡ
һ΢İϮ˵СƣѷʱҶöԷóѣУʳָᵯһƹǷľâ
飡
һ죬İзֱһ壬ɢ
ԷǷģȻһ÷״İܴ֮󻨰ըǿľҶơ
СҶ΢΢һӣָţֻһӣ켤İʱͬ˽֮һ㣬ٶȶȻһȫֹȵƯҶǰߴ
ԷİȻҶԻ͡ݺסѹȵͣ龰ʱôΪ졣
˻
һ
ɵҶȻͬ˵еһ㣬Ȼᣬ֮Ѿﵽ˺ŵĵزϹﶼû
Ҷ޿Ưǰ갵ԭһ졢÷ײ֮ٿȻ㻨䣬øԷ
Ϊ÷ӡϬһħŻڵĶŰˣ˿ȸ֮⣬ֻһ˻ʹˡ
Ҷ̧ͷŶԼһֱŵǸЦɡۣΪȸʦܣڵĵڶ֣ôʹðַȴտȸôأ

ħŻڣ
˾δڣǻױ˵ġɡѾһ龳ͬʱ
Ҷ㻵Һ£Ҫ
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ͬʱ֣ʱգɫӰһ÷ѩһѽСƼҸ£˿ȥΤЦͽؽʦק˰ȫλá
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ҶһΪģһ޴ɣռͻȻݹȥһ㣬ǿ˹ĸٶȶʱ࣬ɾ뼸ת˲㵽ǰ
ҶһУ˵ģǾϲǾ塣
ھ˵Լʧȥƣ˺µ顣
˲ûмʶؿһٶȣҪͳͷԼС
ڶԷգδ֮ʣҶͻȻһתԭǿȻĵƲסƶʱһһ˽ŲΪһ¡
ʱ䡣
ҶΪһ̣ȥֻ˰벽ûпܵĸ٣ѾٿȻˡɡ˵ǰ
ɡ۶ʱеһɺӭǰҶ³Թ֪ԷǿʱĵģҶ˫֣ס
ڴսɲǣɡҶȻƽᣬȶ𼺷˵ҧŭĿֻԼ߳ƣ˵زг
Ȼħ˵ģҶۡ
ûаɱԷǧҪ֣ҲҪָϤԷĴ򷨣ֻҪһ֣Ҷÿζʹ˾ֶΣ֮ǰеĲ²ȫգٶȰ
Ҷѽʦĳ硣
ħ֮ڣ֮⣬˶С
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һһͷ˿׷ߣгǹ죬ʾǹ͵ؼ򵥵ǰһ̣ĳмǹһưҶȥ
мһ֣֪ûС
벻ֹȻԹΧҲȻݣԼҶ֮ش֮кλ֮˶ڴ֮£Ҳֻѡһ;
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ʹ󺺺бͬʱ֣ӴתɵȥÿһתѪϿ
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ҶһбһأɫĽû۴ͷʹҶȴһȻԵáģָоǴʱɡе֮
ɱ
һӴѾҶȫѹסƣһԵġɽȭƽΪ֣ԼѾǸħһϵˣǴʱħŰֻܱԼѱҵˡ
ȵǾʱ򣬻ھƴɱһ֮س
ʱǡӥȡһɽ֣ơڳҲ뷨
˼ȺͬʱһҶ
Ҷüͷһ壬ʽһתмܴ˵Ĺ
۾ѹʧ̲סɫؿڼۡһһѪ
ʱʹ󺺺߲š顯һһ˵ϣȫ·һ˴ȣһСͬʱҶһǡ񽣡Ѫƣɼһ˲ĽжôѸҡ

ɽȭƽʱҶĿѣҪͻȻֵСƻļƻʱΤЦѾݺǰɣľʹ˳ˣɵʵ̤һ
⾫ļƻȻΪԷ漣ĳֶȫˡ
ƽĲˣ
ŭʣҪҶƴһ
ϧһɽкڵĸ֣֣ƺڳ춼㲻ϣֵһ˶ǵĹأ
ѻʯҲ˵˴ʱ˿Ͷ·ı
ݺ䡭
ѽ
һҽдӡӥȡһɽĿк˱ҶĽѪͬһܽ䡭
ǡ
ܼĹ𣬡ɽȭƽȭͷһ֣࣬ƺڳʦŵͽȾϣ˵ϡ
ۿһȥ
ħŹ龳֣Ҫߣȴ÷ѩ̳˱񡭡


006 
ˡ
÷ѩһ仰սʣӯӯá
Ҷ˲֣ƺڳ˵ĹԼšɽȭƽĺ̾Ϣһǡ
ֻͷ˿һǻŭΤЦ죬ȻΤǰʣµ£㽻ˡ
ΤЦһ㶣֣صص˵ͷг˸м֮飬ٿһƬǽĳأԼТͽŭܿƵسٿƽŨҵɱ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪô
ΤЦֱţƽչֵܵĽֵܣȻɱԼĴ磬ôݶֶΡ
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쵰
ΤЦ͵һƣžһƽһ͡
㻹˲ҿֱɥĲ񣡡ΤЦתͷһֵܣֵΨƽհ벻ƽͰ׵Ķ壬Ȼɱ׵֡
ϴ˫ͨ죬ʣ壬Ϊʲôң⵽ΪʲôԲ㣡
ɽȭƽЦһҡͷЦҲΪʲôһΪʲôֵһ£ͷƾʲôĵˣӣˣӡҾʣƾʲôƾʲôңңƾʲô
ŭȵ壬ǷôֵʲôʱȨ
϶ҲǱѣ壬ֵܲޣҸ׿ڸ̸ֵһݺΣׯͽɶֵܶԴ˴飬ο˾֮£
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Ѻȵ壬ֵԣģ
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壬޴°ֵܴ֮࣬ͣƽȥƿڴչֻһѡ
ƽҿͷǸϺͿһֱҶͻȻŭ
С˭ƽ˷ܼԭҶҪͻȻ֣Լܱܰأ
ҶߺЦŭľ㡭ǸϺͿʲô׶šɱչʱѵûۼһģһΤЦôǸ˭ħ֮˼ٰģ
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ѵûǸΤЦɱĽôҶ׷źʣϺͿ˰ܼװΤүӴɱչͲܼװչƭ㰡
ƽֻԼһ˵
ǰûٰܼΤЦ죬װΩΩФ綼ϵѵװɴ磬Ͳϵôôû뵽˴ôû뵽
Ⱥ۷׷ףڲ²һ뷨ǷĿС
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ⲻܣⲻܣƭңһƭҡƽ״ֲ̬Լİŵһʵһõ֣ԼΪǬƣʵ˼һöӶѡ
޴ĴԽܵģڼɱԼĽֵչΪȴֻǱ޴öѡ
Ҷżƽ˵ǲƭ㣬ҿѾ˰ɣΪһʱҰģħ֮ãɱԼֳĽֶ֣Ρ¾ʤߣҲδİðɣ
ƽʵЩմﲻͣ߶šⲻܡⲻܡ
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ΤЦŭιİǣҾӦһƱ㣬ڽ캦ˣ
̧֣ͷѪЦԴΪҳʦŵһ̿ʼұʱ޿̲ŰҶһǧСʦޣҲ㵱ɵʯѣϧһҲԸްް
ɥĲ񣡡
ΤЦһŭ𣬸һȭȥ顪
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һԵڳʱһǰ£ù˫ͻȻסΤЦĴȣధʦʦͽˣԭңҲˣʦ
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ˣ
ΤЦһŽ߿һСıֿʼѪ
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ΤЦ컰һ䣬͵һģžһڳԽѣ
ΤЦһһƣݺǰɱԼͽܣһʱȫĬ˵һԡ
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ɾʱͻһŭ𣺡磬ܴˣܶԲ㰡ǸħţŹǵģ
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ҶվԸΤǰ̧᷿ϢɣҲȥϢɣһ죬湻۵ġ


007 
ԭΪǺóԺúȡᣬ벻ȴҲҵĻ棬θڶû˰֡
Ƕһԣһ˼Զҡİᦣȴһҧǽļȣ䡣
̲ס㹷յĳ˼ˣһӾʦһʣ¶㹷յĳˣθûһ룿
Ҷ̾һ˵û˰֣ʮֵθû˰֣оųأٲѼͷඣǸóԶٳԶ١
һתͷҧһڼȣЦǺǵ˵Ǹ϶˽ңɶ˸Тء
ҶЦҵģģ
ǰ÷ѩһ£Ҫ˵µģҶ϶δĸ÷ѩҪŵһ
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ʱûθڣһ㶣ʵף˼أ
ҶһЦɰѵصƨ£

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ҶȻʧЦ˻̧֮۴ŷ˵Ŀⶼһ˲գضڶϡ
һ̣ҶĺƤҲɵһ죬ֻ÷ѩɺ죬ϼɫֱæͷȥ


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˭˭õЩôֵϤԵͻ
Լֵܰˣֻϴ̩ɢʯΪĸʸ̩ԣĸ˵İΣõġ
Դ޶̽ϢϰˣǸжֻͲôȫˡ
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֪˶ȰҪ˶֪˭޷ֹչǰ
ʶչ𲻸鷳
ΪԼҲ֪һԼҪ̶ѨпǷǸħŲµ壬ҪֵܾǰȻ档
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չҶצצ֡צ֡͡ӥצ֡ĸԲͬй·ߣԭй·߸ͬиţһŹʱ򣬱ͣй·
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ԭչ꣬ȻץķҪû뵽ǣһξ˸Ĵ󱯴֮ԼľȻﵽ˸˵ġ֮
ӥй·ͬʱѭв㣣չսǱ˲࣬ľ˼ʱ䣬չѾоԼľҪͻˡ
һչ̧ͷǰȥ
ֻϦһӰͷԵĴգۼͷ֮С
֪Ǹĵз֣չ𰵽һңٳɣڶһݶӥڼ󣬲Ծϣȫ׷ٶԷӰȥ


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Ѫ֮ʣһԷֻʣˣǰ
չ𱣳ſ͹ƣͬʱ뿴Ķǰ붼ľ硣

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չҪ롣
ӭ˳һֳָԸֶܻӲײ
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չֽһһضϽͬ׶һֱɳȥһӰͶȥ

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ײİᱻζֻһЩõĿ׶һᣬչеײƶŵϣŵ𵴣ĳһĿĵؽ

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ˮĿǰʱʩɣ壬ġ
ƹ³뿪䣬ˮϣаΪԼֶαϵİ죬ǾĴشˡ
ʲôıʵǵһλģûʵıƺ֮ԼʵǶԷıٸҲעҪϡ顣

ڣ֮գ۵Ĺʮ£Ľ֮ڶԴ޴ƾ򹷰ĳٶȣӦ¼İͻϮ
֮ǰµһɱ֡˾ͽħѵʱڼֲָĻӦ磬ѵ֮ǰʱв֪వˣɴ֪̿ε
Դһնȥ͸ضĲһ˳һ෭һԣˡṦһİ޼ͽ־µһɱ֡ѵṦ޵У٣֮ԷƶĹľϰؾ
ʱԴȴǴùԼǰ̽һ¡ɽˡôδɽˡ츮ֱ˵˵ҴʱѡԲ֮ҹźҹ·ȴȻ㱻˰Χʲô֪Լ٣׼ȷذסгأ
Դ޵ʶϴһͺǵŤͷܣûб˵Ĵ󲿶Ӷ½صʱ
ɼˣΧһЩְΧԼӶݵ·ߡ
Х겻ɢͻϮ
ҪԴһɨ

̿ͿıнʻϣԴӾ͵һͬʱ飬һŹӰ۵ǰֱƵȥͬʱ˹򣬾͵صһ㣬зܿľ󣬸Ĵȥ
ѹû㿴˵ǺҲֱͬŵӣֱӸΪӡ

ƿȺ׷ԴȻͷȥһĽв
ֻʱԼǵ⽣ӰΪǺ󷽽ǰͻȻֵӰ
ͬŮˣˮһòŮӣȴδλýĸ֣ȴ嶼Ǽġ档
⡰ʩչˮŮȻֹսֱ֮ϵ޷죬Ļᡣ
Դоɱľģڱ£϶ȻҹȴһԼѡĻԭҰֺɵҹοΪжɹ³ͨȡһػأ
ͣ
ԴһϵİťһצϷɿһô͸ɶ룬˹Ϊ³ͨƣͶΪ֮ΣǷļ׶׶ٷֳ乳ֻҪĿ꣬Խ
ⷽ棬ԴޱṦܹرѵȻܹ֮Ӧõøǳ
һԴ޸ϳ֮ΪɳȥӭɱŮӵʱ˿գУųڸӹһı䷽׷βᣬ
ʮ֣Ȼ֦Ծȴ˲ԶԴ֮ľ롣
ԴϸߵṦʩչٿؼ٣ձܹ潣ͳһһϵ˿ضϣ˳һɣȥɵĸߴͷһǡͷšȥ
ֵİһдƾӦʹֵɷӵ쾡¡

ԴƶУȫ֣ʱУڱ
ı죬Ӧ÷ǳԴ޵úɿȥ
Դ޹һ֣ΰвýֱӻһһɳϷһô׳ĺɣѰɣٵǧܹŮӵĹ˦Ӻ󣬾Ͷһ׷϶ħŸϷ
Դ޾ͬһֻɵĺӣϷŪµȺʱͻȻ۷ҪͶҪõҹѵڵҹѷֵĻҾ棬Ȼȡ֮زز
ɱ
ԴڵδŪôһ£СҿеʱУһۣһбǶϽ۵𣬶˲ҽһһˣ׷ɡ
ǻŵ˱ҽע½Ƥ˲䣬һǰһצץסǰʮɡ
͵һOŵƤǸȥ
ϷħŸһţȴȫĸоּΣаȻ˷֮УΪϷŪһħŸֶ˲ѡ
ϷѹԴ޽蹳٣
飡
󷽲ݷསŮƷɣֲֻݵش󶴣Բ֮ľ룬ձܹ
ʮɾ˲㵽ͷԴһһѲݴ
֦Ҷɽƽݴԣ׷Դ޴һ겻ɢһԷĹ
һԴ޾һǿĽ÷ɳȥͬʱһͻȻһ˸бһۻ磬ͷ¡
Դޱ޿ɱܣڵһ˲˹һ˳ŵĸоȻɵһϷȥ

Դֱһ飬ѪڣĽúƿȥԭǸֳڴϸͭ׶С
ǶһأǷ׷ͬʱͬһĴֺʥšа¾ͷڴˣС
Դްв˿ɱȴ¾ͷӽظţͻΧɣ¶顣ʱ˷ħŸ֣ϵĹû취ѡ׼ȷλֻʹǧ׹档
ħżֵķλ֮ԴСһס£Ṧչȥ
ͬʱһŻɫӷ˳ȥըһƬƬ
ҹټһʱ˸ԷֱңѰԴ޹Ȱλ
ԹѵҲô޽ɱһ
н첻ƣĵ˽ߡУħŸֻ֣౻һѪۣҺﻹ׻壬ԾжҪ˼ǡ
桢ŮӺ¾ͷӷŽػ֮·۹ѳΧƿֱϡ
Դ޶ʱѳɸоʱ桢ŮӺ¾ͷ˵ʵȥԼĵǵѡ
ͣ
䡣
ԴӸվϣֱظߴɵ϶ȥֻҪûϵĹǿṦٶȣ֮󣬱԰׷
ڴʱԴ޶ͻȻһȣСҲҳǿ
ݡ
һâϮеӦϡ
Դ޾һӰµȥ


011 ȸ
Դ޾УٿȻ䡣
ʱʧδ֮ʣʶƾṦٸߣҲûлĻᣬɴ˿ɼ˶ʱǺεȵľ׼
ֻ˱֮
ħڶȵĳЦԴĺ޴Ӳȣһͺߣֳһ߽ڹڿհ·֦ҶïܴԼһ
Хǿ쳣ʵֱĴʦ֡
޼
Դ޾벻γֶԸԼģȻλ޼ȡǰι
޼ȡһۣҶͻϮڣȳѦκ޾ε˳͢ڸ֣һٵƺڵһ˫ȡеġ޼ȡ޼λ˸ӹħŵĹ¼ҹˣʵʱ
޼Ҳħµһ߼ֶѣշⲻڡ
ʱԼһеĵˣ޼ŭ죬ȫԸ˻С޼ڴˣ¾ȴʱ
Դ䣬޼ͬƹ֮׷˫ֻһģ»أݡ
һǿĸӻбֱ޼ȥ
ԴϵĻҶǸһޣȻרĸڣΣʱ̣Դ޽иһʹʱԼһ
޼ƿڴ߽عһƬڹ⻤סǰһʱٲ׷ɱԴޡ
Դ޵ô˿յһק壬Ȼ;ųһ֦ɴбɿȥͶδΧµֻҪӽñ߻УȴȡĿ϶ҲǷ˱޼԰֮⣬ԶʹΪŮӶ׼ٴνΧס
ʱ޼ЦһԴ룬ҲԴްŽȴԴ׷ȥڳ壬û֦Ҷïܴ
ԴǳԤУϾƽ޼ȡصսԣѲƶβ׷桢ŮӺ¾ͷӣһᡣ
գ۵Ĺ䣬֮Ŵθı䷽У׷˾ӽԶʮɾ롣
ŮṦԴλɭҰӣҲֻŭ𲻶ϣȴȫ׷ϣֻܸż
Դ޹ݵأ̽̽뻳ȡ۷ͻȻϷ֦Ҷ걩ͷĪǿҾӰӰ쵽Ƥĸо
Ľвʱһ㣬ᶥ
Դޱ˾ռѵĳɹΣ֮ʣֳЧ˼Ӧ֮ûʱȥĺѾʶ֮ǰӱϼ

˫һ
Դյ޼ѹͷȫһԷѪڣðǣһѪͬʱȥ
޼֮ܣ౻ߡ׼һбɿȥԭΪһбɱԴޣȻԷı仯֮⡣
ҶСӣֻҪһʱ䲻ȻѧϵĴͻƣǲһɱǺ
ⷬ뷨ᶨ޼ɱֵ뷨Ͼʦĸ֣ǿͷأ׷һƲ˵̬
桢ŮӺ¾ͷӴʱҲ׷ǵ֣˲ľ롣
飡
Ⱥ׷֮£ԴΪŶĴ󣬻Ų·֮£ȻԼײһɣʱȥƱ裬Ī
ȺħôЦ޼Цһĳ
Դ޺ȻתͷһʱǰǹӰǵضԴƷ޼湦ζ߽عľ
Դ׿һУʩͬھַߴټѸװͻӣǿ֮
޼гһʱΪƾľԶ϶˫ĹУԷӭһȫ첽֮±⿪ԼιǣԼġ߽عһʺ⽫ʹмιǵһҲʧȥӦе
Դ޲ûκζ̬ܵȻԷѾ˾ֻϣڱɱǰ̻һôõȻͬھҲҪش޼
ֻ޼Ը
Цһ޼ٿֹƱ仯ֱַͷһȻֹסܾ˵Ӳаտ֮ȡԴ֮Լȫ
ͷ޼һɸƴĺݾ
ֻ
ʴеĽҪͷΣԴޣȴͻȻһƲ¶һ˿ļµЦ
޼ٿȻһδǺԭЦʱ̣벻Ȼûκ׵ģһӰͻȻݣٶȾ㡣
ƺ޼ոӦϵ۴ˣѽ޼󷽵ϿսƥĽͷѹ£磬ʹ׵ԴҲеѹڱƶУٲά衣
͵Ϯ޼Ǹ˵͵Ϯ߸ͷѹľܿͬʯѹ˲ѪڣƫǶõ֮С
ʮɱ
󷽸˺ȻȻǡµһɱ֡˾ռġʮɱ
ѵ˾ռô
ԣʩչ̫֮ᣬҲ֣ȴʵʵڵġʮɱ
ʱɱֵ޼书˾ռԣθз֮ҲԶֵһ¡
ƫһ̣ΪɱԴȫԴ޻һ֮
ɴɼ֮ѡȡѵĻᣬȻʩϮ
벻ԷڿƱ˲䣬Ȼ֮ͬʱγ˼й֮ƣ벶ȸںԭΪԼֻĻȸͷҲֻԴСӡ
桢ŮӺ¾ͷӸɵĽ룬ĿͻȻƣֹҪ¡
޼һһȥ߽عԴ޵ġȴҪֳӦͻϮߣԴˡ
Դڴʱ˳ĻᣬŭһСȫѹϡ
飡
˫ٴν֮£޼ȫ۶ڱȫѪ
ʵʩͻϮˣԽ޼һٿȻ޼
ˣ
âǣͣ޿ƥеһǰ㴩͸޼Ļ׼ȷ͸Ķ
ԴٿȻܣ˽һһ޼һѪǰɣһͷײԴǰĴϣȻ£һʦʹ˺֡
Դ޺һٿȻ㹷յô
һϵѪɾȻʺ
˲ǱˣԴ޽ϵѪ̿а
ħԴޣȴû뵽ᱻ˼ҷִ˸ŭ
аԵսˣ
Դתܣͬʱûʱ䳶һ
˵ϣԸ߾һٶȿ뿪˵أֻ·ΪʵħˣԼ޼Ǳ佩Ӳʬ塣


012 Σ
ʱЩķչġ
ԭѾ˼ԼİɱԼϵ˾ռȵɱа֮ΪͣΪԼġʮɱҵĴˡ
Ҷ˵Ļǲʺϵһɱ֣ȫɱһɱ⣬аͬڵļֵɱˣʦΪ˱бĳ˶رѵɱ֡
ֻϧ̫磬ܸаָһ˾ռ򲻻Źаˡ
Ȼаܰ˾ռΪʦȴɱֵӣ˾ռʮɱҴڣʱѵаһҵһɽɱ˲һĹ龳ǿ޼ڶħŸֿ޼ȴ޲ߡ
Դޡаһһ̽鱨һܵħͻϮ֮󣬶伣
ɱС͵ϣΪϣһʱ֮伴ħŶ˾˵ȻҲҲǵټħŸ߲Ϊꡣ
ͬʱׯҶһˣλƵظݵϲش
֮󣬽ݸңңˡ
ݸųơƾƳǡǡλݶϣ㴦˷·ۻڴˣδͣЪ
Թɽˮ֮裬紾ӣȰԸƫȴԵԡ
Ҷ֮ǰϤֵֵܴͨŦеֲֵͨоҶŷ֣˵֮ǿѾ֮ˣڲҲǵÿݿÿسǣǵԼİΪ죬кݿϵİɴڡ
ɽ˺ҲֻԸԱռݵݿΪѰݿﵽһҶ档
ɽ˵ΪռһݿʶΪɣԴ˽ʮɡ֮һΪռΪĳɶһ
Ҷ˼ݸͥ񣬷ֱһǽаеϴճжľ֡Ժҵ鲼ȫھ֡
ɸӪݸһˮˮݸƽ⵱еǷչȽƽͺٵķΧ
ΪݸشͨݵսҪأˮ˴ǣʶһӿƴˮ·ġˡ˵صġϴػСˡҵķֶ棬ֻҵΪ̣ʶġˡۺֻ̣˼ʮˣ˽＾
ǡˡбߵһˣߵ׽ˣҶ죬＾ĴȴǹϵǳɴҲ춨˶֮䲻Ĺϵ
Ҷһ˼һУѱõϢ＾ӭ˸š
һóУҶѷ˴˵صĲͬظܵݰսҲϢԭƽ٣ĺҡ
³ˣݵһüΪ֡
СܿĺǣֳŶ裺°ˣëռޡ޵ɽȥؼҡ
ҶļΪȤԱߵ＾ЦŽ͵ݵصϰףë桯ÿ³˵ʱǶһȥȡҶ硢Ҷϵ¶ˮؼĥīȻڼĺֽдëճޣ޵ɽȥҡдú󣬽ֽǽϣΪʹׯܳ溦ա
Ҷص˵ͷ
˸ţǰǰһӲֻĸĻ飬ǣŸţǴ«ϡѣɽ裬絸ԼĴͳա
Ůû֦չǼŮĻط飬Ц˷ĳŴڼˮйͨĽֵϣ첻յա
Ҷ¶ɫ＾ЦŽ͵ͬһ죬ҲݼĽգС̤ڡҲеĽСţᡯǼһׯܹա
Ҷ˿ʤգ׷ΪܹĻն˲ѡ
Ȼ䣬ȴķţؾĳȥżĦӵ˳ƶ
¥ԣ޲ŵƽʣţ֡
д˼ʦ棬ˣϦԻĲʵо
һʱ䣬֪δȥźãֻȺǰ
＾ż۽ҶаŵԼ֮СԺڣȻЦŵλЪϢƬ̣ݸĹӡɾӡλãΪλӷϴ
Ҷû뵽ԷȻ˴ģæƴǵ̫ˣһˣαƷѣҵȴв̫ȻͽȻ鷳
＾һҶϵ˵ȴǴˡ
ŶԸꣿ
＾ЦŽ͵ȻҶϵǴ͢£ģĽأԲ൱صı̬ɾͲͶǣֻǹƣţЩǽͷݲŻʵǿ󣬲ſǣΪǾʵǿܹȡʤ̫͵ȻڰȫȴЩѡվɰ
Ҷһһ֣˵лѣȽһﾪˡȷ֮ǰ̫˼˰ȫȴȫûеĿġǼҲƫģ֮ей٣ƺӰҵҪĿģøذҲҪ񣬲Ҫ˵泯͢£ģȴЩδ»ҵ¸ص˱ȽϺʣ͢ȷҲаţСܲеˣҵ뷨ˡ
＾æŶǺǣˡС϶ˡ
ˣ塣Ȼ²ǳ͢ʹݺɵȷҪչֳñݵصɿ֮𡣡
Ҷаϰ˵µȷĶֻ࣬＾۹֪Ȼ书ڵطЩͷߴ󽻵ȷʵ
һ·˵˵ЦЦˡɾӡ
＾ȷǳ裬ⳡϾȻˡˡصļ֮⣬Ȼ뵽ˡϴۡ￪ǰͣ⻹еؼСɵǹĸˡ
ɴ˿λ＾ҲҶ뵱صɴùϵȡ֧ˡ
һ磬ǱȻ˼һʢ飬ҶҲֵô棬ĸӢܶҶɴøУǿμᣬĺϹϵҶǴΪˣǽ͵ȵԼ
ֻ¥֮ʣ͵һƬȻűǳɢ⡰ɾӡԺͬһҿĿջʱѾͷӿŷҡ
֮ʣ¥µķҵѾƮˣھֵ˸ˣˣʲôԶɽھ֡Ұûһڡ
Զɽھ֡ĸִҶĶ֮ʣɫһţǸȻλٷûųˡ


013 
Ҷһ˴ҴԺʱͷӿ̶ҵȺдžסܽܳмпջеסͣҲרֵܹľҺسһš
˵ְҹûһ˿
ɲǣһȺˣôûˡȺӿô˸Ϣɱˡ
Ҫ˵ӵģɫ
ҵ̵Ĵʹûδ֪Ҷһꡣ
Զɽھ֡ɴԨԴĵطھ֣ͷԶɽƹʱڱɽͬ˵ѣĺֶѧԺѧ䣬ֵڵѧĶɵĹ򣬿ν˵ѣǸӹˡ
Զɽھ֡һݵؽΪ⣬ôͻȻݵؽأ
Ҷüͷ壬һӦ;û᲻ħŵļĵֶأ
ǰѣһټȻһϦɵĲʱգѧԺƵӴԱģڣͬǰǰ㽫һټ뷨ڲʵʵĻ룬˸ĶΧ˲ѹͿ־壬ѧԺɢѧƶΪ־ֱĸӦ֮Чķ
˵ѾҳһţҲ޴룬ֻǱ˹ٸΧס˳СԺȴûнֹǽΧ俴֣СԺָָ㡣
ǡۡ￪ŭһתͷϰ壬ҹ
ǵ᲻ϵϴƢ𱬵ϴæӭЦϣүʲôԸѪģǲɾӡһ
ӣ˰Χò˵ȸҹȥҪǸ㲻˰ܹܡ
ããûưȥ
ǵϰɲλү³֣ЩͷĴֺҪԼǰվһţ˭ҪǱݸΪԼϴպҲָˡ
ϴİšףǰλүƣΪ£ӭϳеİӵ
ǵƹһ仰ʮƱ˹ջ˵ȫ˳ȥ
ҶСԺ̧ͷһƣֻԺԲ֮ϣȻӭչһʺģէ·ǡԶɽھ߽֡ıģϸһľһײȫѪȾɣʺдһЩҵںڣ˴Ŀġ
˶һҶһ˵ȣǿٿСԺԺ⻹һƬ֣ȴһƬš
ҶƿţĿһתĿⲻɵһ
⣬͸ŵŴУʮҵŵʬЩǰڻӱ޳ý⺷ľװӣ˿̾صڵϡ
һ롢˫ŭ͹Ĵ󺺣һץŴָǶľУŻҰɫǽڵϣݣǽͬһɫϣбһɫ죬ںڵˣֱӴ͸ǻǽεضһѪȾǰ·
һŨüڵĺӣƾؾţ쵹ڵϣ˫ŭž֣ǶһֻƱƬҲһڸ˵ĺ졣
า浹һ´󺺣һִͬı۰ȻݣںڵˣǰشˣԱ󴩳֫德εţԼ״ǲʹࡣ
аˡˣеĵαߣеĶϣе¹ڲеδЬ࣬бԳţ㵹ڵϡ
Щ״ȻͬԭȴȫһǶǱԼţһ
첻ǱģǡԶɽھ֡Լ졣
ɱֶβ̡̣
Щʦǣֵ̬Ȼͬǵȴ㶼յеһδеδγ֮˵ĶǶôĿٺ
ҶĿ⻺ЩʬƹеѪҺ·ᡣ
ʾǳʾ
ʾĶǡԶɽھ֡ɵͷ
˴㶵վſڣֻҶ＾￪˻߽ݣϸ鿴÷ѩ⣬˵ǵƹǣϣҲҿڡ
ҶϵЩ´󺺣ǶǡԶɽھ֡ԶɽµʦһʦƹۺѧԺжܹѵ֮ûʲôȴ˶书ǿ»ĺ֡
ԶɽһĬĬŵسǣһڽϴݡţĲǷԶɽԼ书ɵ֧֣ҪĻǿЩӼһƴƴµġڿ͡
˿Щеľ֣ʮ֮һݸУССĿջ״ҡֲ̣һ˲˼֮£
˭Ŀ׼һڵġԶɽھ֡˭书Щֺһδ˼ȥƺҲֻħŲŻô̺Ͷ
Ҷ˶񣬾ٲ˷Уе᣺󣬾ҲһʬƺӱܡأڻǱ˴
Ҳһ˺ӱ룬Ҷ˵ʬͻһô΢£תԷʱϳǰѮߵݡ
ɽ
Զɽھ֡ԶɽõܣھϳǰҶλ΢ֺƵˣҲǷԶɽұۡ
ڣȻ˼ҳ͵ıȻǼΪصĻ
Ҷת쳤ؾóϹġϵԷڣ̽ѨжѨҲûб˵Уô˶Ϊʲôɽ书֮˵˭
ͷһƬƣҶ˼һֱ³ȥ
Աߵ￪ǰȰҶֵܣܸƿûˡ
յ˴￪ۿǾʬһɵ¶֮ɫ
ʬϵƣκ˿Ѿôܻᷢѵأֱ̫ΥԼĽˡͬʱҲɵ񹦾һȫµʶĶ
ŵһ죬Ҷǰɽ壬ңҶˡ
ɽſһߣ΢ؿڵ˭˭
ҶֵңҶߣҶӡ
˵ǷɽѾ۾Ҷ˫ĿŻɣѵҶҶӡСߡˣҡˡ
Ҷɵ룬ɽ壬û£ڣҶһȥ
ɽҡҡͷ߬Ҷ½󣬳ˡˡҡھ֡ʢ
λɽ˵˴ĿעݽһֻǲûûˡʢʱһӲҲ޷
ҶȻ̾һ̲סȥֻݽǿһʶˣһɨ֮ѾǵطŹ֮Ķ˿ѱȡȥ


014 Ƿǵͷ
ڣ
ѲֻһͨĽڣħΪ
һпǱ˽ڵľ󣬵һоУȴְһ޷Ϣ
ֹغھ֡ʲô飬ǸʢǺˣ
Ҷɻؿ＾＾͵ʢǡھ֡ͷ˵֮һ
Աߵ￪벻¾ȻʢͷϡʵʢʶΪ˵ҲΪ壬ϴﲢ޹ϸ𣬷ƽʱչˡȻھ֡¢һƱеҪ˵ΪɱڵȴЩš
Ҷһ㶣Ҳû˵ǡھ֡ɱӺľٶ
￪Ҳһ㶣ָԱʬе˵ʶǡھ֡ʦǡԶɽھ֮֡ˡ
Ҷһ㶣æʵ֣ȷ
￪ַһʬ壬ϸһ£ռᶨ˵ҿ϶Ҽǡھ֡û
Ҷôھ֡˻ڡԶɽھ֮֡أƷȫһȫǴˡԶɽھ֡ˡ
ӶԷûݻױܸԶɽھ֡һжһɽӦ֪ǵݲŶԡҲ˵ε¼пǡԶɽھ֡͡ھ֡ʲôھ֣֡ίСԶɽھ֡һ·ѺʲôݲŶԡ
Ҷüͷ˼еĹؼͻȻջһ֮Ź֮Һش˽
ţСԺſһңһŭӵܣǰһ׳ĶūӣߵǣëȮұߵūżֻͣëɫĲӥǸ˰ӣǺظλү硣
ٿλ٣һɫĵ멣ǽƵĻӣ߳Ŷž黨Ŀ磬һ˿һСһһ߶ֱεһ۸ڶģ
λүһСԺеĺһתͷЦʮǰ׻ˣ˽ŷϾȻһλƷζһģһĻɫڣس
˽˿ĭҳеƷζǴҲҵ³٣˿żʣԵðӢۣСӵʵȴ̫Ķˡ
ܶôҶʱӷ˳仰´˶ԷһۣЦҿλȻŲŵȴŶ
һ˶ǳһ
＾ѹҶϵܣλǡ硯ĺĶӣݸĻ٣ܼӣǴλλүʱ书ϣ书˰
ŶҶ⵹һ㶣ǰ֮ȻװţڵѪ֮ȴǿûд
Էôϲ԰ڵôװǸ书׳أ
Աߵ￪Ҳͬ˵ûСӽ̷ɣǸ书ķĺаŮ˸̫ꡯĻʵ˱һ񡣡
õ￪֤Ҷеһ˿ȤԷҲǸйµˣαԼװ
ԴλүլԺ֮Χ۵Ⱥʱֶ˼أ·ڵĵطԶٲ֡
һСԺλӵļĹӴȵƹģƹĸҹ
λɾӺջϰ尵̾һæԽڶЦˣˣүݹ٣ʧԶӭ
ұ죡Ǵүͷү˵ˣģϻġϽģﲻɵ˵ȶҹȥүҪ˵ж˲𣬾ȻôṦʹ˰ˡ
ƹɫʱһ૵̴ү⣬⡭Ѫζ̫أүαؿ֣µǲ絽ɾСüΣ
λ̴үٺһЦСӵеТģղɣүүеģҪ֡ϽҶ㿪ү£ɾӿȥ
ƹһһʱ˽ɫﻹϴĸͷǵﲻʱΪ
ʱԺеһ˵ȶǵСɵ˼ҡ硱УȫǲСɫں͹ȴǱŸ첲һ£µģ
Ҷ˼鲻ˣƹûʲôסλֵĴү￪ʾһ£ԽڶһЦⲻĺҵСôôôĵһۣҼѳ˵״үû飬Ƽݱذɡ
￪һ̷֣ɳһɫֻһ䣬ظ̬ȣһָ￪Цѽȣⲻô겻ǸүүǮˣ¾ͺðˡϽû˶ҳȥ£ҿʡ
￪δ֮ʱȷ˵Ҳȷ̼ҵһɹˮתѾǸһȵ￪õ갫һͷʱ鿪Цأ
̷ôһ˵ʱͰ￪ˣοԷҪʵǲ
￪һÿûװֳݶƻֳٸѰҲ֮ززǿүͻйı֮˰ɣ
̷һЦϺǣͷܰ׻ǹٸвҡһĴȣ㲻֪Ǽҿô㲻򹷣Ͳ켦
˭ô󰡣
һӥĿαǡĿĲͷ˵ż촳˽
ʱң۷׷ף˵Ǹײͷ¿еĺϷˡ
λײͷݸ벻ȻڴˣٰԼѿˡ
ײͷһţ˸ô˵ۣɵ΢΢Ϸŭһһ۵Ȼǡǣơԡġ̫ꡱ̷ɣµʱһԭֺ̬ûһ롣
ôλүײͷһù⡰硱ܵҵÿ궼дʵ͸ţײͷǵõô֮һķᣬλĽأ
ѽԭ̷ɹӰʧʧ
̷ɺһۣҸղ˵ʲôʲôô
ûУûУôأ
ײͷͷ󺹣ͻȻ̷ɶӵļˣһ㶣ϳе＾￪һ㶣ϲЦտֻЦжһ̧ʵЩ˿ǰ£ǷСİǸߣ
ײͷЩȻǶ̷˵ģĿȴһ˿գؿ￪ϳζԣ￪ײͷֵ˲䣬÷ŭȻ˫֮ĳЩĵĽڡ
̷ɺٺһЦҪݿ֣Ǿҡ
ײͷһ׳աҲ谭ìͷָҶˡ
ײͷĿɨҶһۣ˫ü΢΢һ壬׵ֵ궫δ֮ǰݵ˵Ǹҹ


015 Ҿֵ
еġۡ￪ŭȵ׵ģҪ
ײͷ￪㲻ҪʲôˣҷĪɱıɣ
ԱһֱĬ÷ѩһūţ
˵ʲôɲײͷɫһƬࡣ
÷ѩŶԷһһٵص˵ūš
û뵽ԷȻĸҵ˵һ飬ײͷһѪ״ȵѽҽŮ£
ʱ÷ѩΪ˲ף޽ۣҲȫڱڳˣ＾ҲûϳλǷġµһŮȻҲͲϧ񣬽ˡ

һײͷԽ־Ĺٲɷһس÷ѩ˹
÷ѩĿ˲䣬һ˲գעųĸۣһɱ֮Ȼγɡ
÷ѩɲԸŮӣԷĳ嵽ǰԻ˲֣˵ʱ⡭
̷ɺײͷɫ˲һǵȻŮӾҪֵĽ࣬ʱɫ¶һ˿мײͷʱ׼֡
ʱһԵĺͻȻһ˲䵲סۣ˫Ļ£һգЩʱУ˫һţһžһееһ
ЩƵıͬƤһں״ڳ˵Ŀɿڴ
ǡۡ￪ҲǾһȡࡱԼԷ־֣ǰˣһֱΪֻҶĳѣ벻ԼǲСɵء
¶ôһ֣ǰ۵ʱŵɫ԰ףһºŭλүסԼԴһŤ
ԼԷļһûЩʵ
÷ѩͺһ䡰¡
ҶȴǿһҪ÷ѩŭ֣֤ÿһ˻ܴڡ
ײͷǸ۷壬ļĹָźȵ󡭡󵨣Ҿܲ㣬Ҫ췴ɣ
ԺеȺһ˵Ժ⣬ֵ궫ߵò֪ȥ
ͻһҵĽŲԺѱʮٲеֳֺӣǹеѩֵҶ˶˫ü΢塣
ײͷ׳ʱһ𣬳ٲ־ܣĪֱ١δˣͻһȣס֣
ʹͷһ𣬺δˣһ󼲷һǹ⸿һѪĵڸꪣৡһ԰ֱֱزԺеһɵˣߣ
ײͷһס֣תȥֻջⲻԶһϺײͷôĹɲ֪Ѳô
˵һ֣һԷȧڵʢӥһ󾢷ԺУײͷһʱһͷˮ̲סҿһۣȶ̷ֿۣ￪ۣĿλ׷ϣ쵽ʲôӣȻʢͷҲأ
ײͷдôһγֵɱȴݸһͷأ˵ھʲôϵ
ײͷɻ󣬶＾￪һСɵҲ¶ϲ֮ɫֻȴû˿ӵ̷һ˿
Ȼ治һ̷ֱɴȤҶ
Ҷüͷһжʱơ
Сӡ
ԲΪ˿ֶ
ʢȻǱˣǡھ֡ͷʢ
ʢɨڳһۣȻ˵֮ϷҪΪ֮Щ飬ҶھֵͬЩ벻ݸڹ˽ʢҪһۡ
Ҷ˻һۣǵȻ֪ߵСھ֡ʦε¾˵ǰɡ
ʢƳײͷһۣʵôղզզģ˵ҵˣ
ײͷһֱָ
ʢĿָȥĿƳ￪＾һۣ䵽ԵҶϣɫ˵ôô
ײͷٺһЦЩ֮⣬ƺйı
ʢͻشһסڣ
ײͷΪ֮һԱߵ̷Ҳɫһ䡣ʢ￪ӭ˹ȥǸȻЦϷһ٣λԩˡ
￪ЦһչʢֹȻˣߡ
˵һָʢæֹǻͷ˵һ˵һ߳żգգ۾Ȼвѵ顣
ҶҾȥ벻ϲҲ˼䣬Ҽɽ常Ĵǵñˡ
ʢһԷȻܽгɽȻʷˡһ۰ЦһλСֵǡ
Ա＾æǰλԶɽھֺ̨Ķ֮һߡ
ߣʢһ֮оʱһȻ＾İ
ԭֶҾԶɽἰλֵܣһȻӢꡣʢ˷ܴЦֵıҪһ£ֵܵ衭
Żͷײͷ˵ײͷɣһ˽ʬͷϹٸ
ײͷһ㶣⣬⣬ϰɣ
ţʢüͷһ壬ŭʲôƨ˵ˣ¸ûϵˣǽԹòײͷˡͷԶɽھ֡ıύȥġˡ
£ˡ
гְ͢Ȩ֮ϣֻάΰȻ˲Ը⳯͢룬ײͷвҲ˵ʲô
ߣײͷһɫ´һȻʢ˹֣Ƴ￪÷ѩһۣһתȥ
Աһ̷ֱֵҲǺݺݵضһۣתȥ
Щ˸ոȥؽһӡھ֣֡ʢ̾һ·Ըȥɣֵܵźʰһ¡תͷҶ˵λϷɡ
Ĵɻಽظʢ뿪˿ջ
ȺӿھֵַֿȺһ˳ȥոտš
ݣ
һڹٿȻȺֱʢʺ
ʢһһƣǵڹбһɣ˫һʣȺзӶȥ÷ѩһԲһҲȺȥǡǡʢȺͬʱ˰ķ
Ⱥһɧңʢ÷ѩͬʱ䵽ϣͬʱһۣͷӵӿ˾澪ţֱó˭Ƿ䰵֮ˣ
һңʲô˾Ȼ컯֮°ɱʢֱ̫ͷ϶
ˣȺ˸ΧһΪ˶ʦγȺΧ˹ȥ


016 
Ⱥ뺷ֶ˵ӣΧڵʱŵôҡ
Ⱥͻһӣָ棬ˣǱˣѻ˵꣬ʢ￪ˣָķ򣬺һ£ȥ
ǳɴ˿ʧؽ˵ղžվǰۿ˵õΧ뿪Ҳеӽ
֮ǰΧ˶ʦǰһʵ㻹ǵ˳ʲôģô
ǳӼ򵥵һܣ˶ʦüͷ壬ӻͳһӣԷúã͸ġ
ⳤлĿһ˿ЦȺ˿ȥ
ֻֻ֪ǰӰһҶȻصǰҪô
һڡھ֡еλĽ˶ʦɫһŭߵʲôˣҪŵˣҲ
һ＾æҶһ£￪ŮҲĴͽܣƱۣƢһ򲻴ãûҪһǡɿƽ񣬺οϾ
ҶһЦҶͨڲȤܹҴæģ෴һҪرмλǺǣȻزʶ˼ѷŰͲôѺ˰ɣ
˵ҶƣһкȻһֻڹ㡢ǰ롢ʽΪصİ

Ⱥʧɫǳɫʱò԰ס
Ҷӵ˾İУΪʩã
ɫ䣬˵ʲôҡôף
ǡƱ۱ҶûʲôøУԼͻȻЩɵ˴ΪͣЩ֡ʱҶ仰һ˵ʱҲһ˹ֱӴҶǰһۣɻؿҶĿİ
Ҷһαôֱ׵׷ʣȻûжŭֻȻص˵ͷ
۲֪ôǿҶҲûзŹһ˿һĿ֮͵תͷǳ˵Ȼָ㣬һ˰ɣǹԩ㣬ҡھ֡ȻȫҲԩӺù
ҶɵÿЦҡͷ
Աߵĺ͹ȴǱżһЦģȴǷֿңסӵ·
ȴˣƴҡֵҲ֪Ҳ֪ˣȻǻң͵ʲôû˵ˣҪңҪң
ӵɨ˶Էһۣģֻ˽ᡭ
һ˵ţһǰȥǳӵֱۣ͵סԷ֮ʣָ˴мӲ·ʲôػ֮ϡ
һ֮ʣ泤͵رΪһ˳۵һָ
ݣ
ڼľϴ󿪹أһöΰ
׼Ӿ̫޷Ӧۿ֧Ҫڣɹؼʱ̣ͻȻ̺
֮䣬öͬʱöɣ
ȻȥʧȥƬҶӰȻƮ䡭
Ȼ˿ժҶĹľݹֱţզ಻ѡ
ֱʱ۵亹źһð˳

ǳӵ͵Ϯ޹ʱʧɫۻδȫӦ͵۵ǰһͻؾƣŶԷֱ
۹ȻҲʡ͵ĵƣһԷ֣ﻹԼȻ˶ԷĴ󵱣߳ŭӭŶԷһƣһȭȥ
飡
һ죬˫Ȼһ
ŭ𣬱󱲾ˣң
ǳЦһһˣľ㣡һתͷҶȵСӣǺˣһҺ£
Ҷһ֣Ȼ˭Ҫ֮ԳǼ㳤̫ѿˣ
Ⱥһ㶣źôЦ
㡭
ǳӳȷһƴҲ벻֮ͥ»õôԵĴ𰸣һʱѪӿһϲһơ
ֻùۣȴԵҶ
գư硣
Ҷȴǲ㣬ۿŶԷ˹
ˣôô
ǳŭȫԸ顣
˭֪һʽδõһ֮£Ŀȥֻʢ溮ˮȵСӣϷǰŪ˫һ񣬾˴ӵϾһ֫͵봫һǲȴǴ壬Է֫ϣ͵һԶԶ˳ȥ
ֵҶһ
ͷ
ֹݵģԻ˻𱬣罫ˤôó
ɲ֮䣬ͻһӰǱʢĳӵȥƣɺ׷ϣ֮һУͬʱӿһɣۼѽײ϶ܣٿȻһеĳӣ˻
ʢһֽס̧ͷʱ÷ѩҶüǶûƳһ¡
ʢλÿṦתʤȴѩƣĪǹѹĵô
÷ѩÿɷһ
Ҷ֪ϲӦ꣬æǰĿ磬ѹ£
ˣ
÷ѩ䱳ݺһѣҶȴֵ˽ܡ
ʢȻδ⣬ЦҲֻѹѩ֮ϣṦ񽭺֮ϣ˱˾һʱܣٳ˽ܣϷĽúܡ
еĳӣڵϣֻɫϣϢ١
ҶһѣΪʲôԭ˺ָʹʢүӣֻҪ˵ҾΪ㡣
ӽ˶Ŀһۣͻ¶֮ɫҧأһԡ
Ⱥе￪ʢϸ磬ֵҵһʵķ֪λҪһԣ
ʢ̾˿طˡ˶ٰйء
Ҷһ㶣ͬʱиȷʢѾ֪µԭί
ɷĺˣǿ࣬ȴҲ޴ˣ¾ް˲ĳЩҪұϷĳΪߺߣϷҲзʵó
˲ɵͷ
ʢתͷۣȥҸ˵ٴΣʱ޿̲Ҫɾ裬ץ϶ҪҶֵڴˣһŮҪعˣ
ȻƢ꣬ȴ֪壬Ҷ֮ټΪмǰһҶϹʩԵ³ۣոնеֵ֮ܺպ
Ҷңͬʱа̾һ˵ļأղԼʵҫʵûкøУԼ΢Сһ㣬ոռȣȻԼ˿ڶҲһͥĲҽ֡
һ֮֮𣬻겻ѡ


017 Ѱ
°ԡڣ˵ıиһãҶݶҰҰݲӡм乩裬߸ߵĺɫָءˮСӣͷϣ֮ٽǲˮǰļͲָڳÿһˡ
⴦˴˵ԪϹѫ˲ʱֹͣȴһ˸ڿڡ
ΪٿĴϣмλʵȨԪϾȻûдٻδϯڴ֮ڿǶĴ󲻾
⡭
һŲ߽ã֡³岽֮ڣ˽ˮߣڣܹϣʮͳûеɳȥӵѾرЩȫʧȥټǵȷв֮ġ
ˮʢһ裬³壬ȻģǻġȲ衭
³ļ𣬵ˮĮӣͷɵƽϢǲˮһֻΪЩҪ˵µĵȫɳȥֲִ̳㣬аա
ˮһЦضʵʲôϢ
³һ㶣̾˿ֽ£ʱ̫չΪ˷ͻϮ·ֵܸ񣬶һ֮䶼ϵʹֶΧÿһֵܶȻʱڽӵֵܾԮֽϻļƲߣҲס
³ͷûվһġض󵶡׶롰潣ꡱκҲޱĳš
Դӱˮ֮󣬶Ͷ˴ˣ˰ڵһΪڽϵڵ˸зǿ˴˵Ľµ˼Ǵ粽ظڽˮңݱεͬʱҲһ书һӡ
˿̣ض󵶡׶ƽľӳ飬ܶԷ˭ҲǸˣҲܺǾƵǻֻۣҪúַ
ˮЦǿżģôް졯Ѿ˳ȥҲٴѡ񣬿ϧЩעҪʧġеʱ֣ȫûķһؽոŲʱҴұֶν˾ԼУ˿˿Ĳȷء˵ｭˮо䣬δԵĵ˻׺ݰٱҲٱֻҪߴһǱٲĵزΪһܹ죬ǱҪɱȥ
֡³塢ض󵶡׶͡潣ꡱκһݣǸܵ˽ˮдɭɭ⡣
һԵ죬˵ʲô⣬һӰѷƵľ˽Ǵˡġ˵ơ
꽭ѡ񡢽ˮѵٴӵܣѳɽֱġεͽҲͳỤͳ졣
ǻӾȻһʱƣǰЩʲô
һɲסǰ֮ƣλС˵֮ƵĴһܳӴƣҵ࣬˼Žǿѹռ鴤ţԵ쳣ŭĵ϶Ȼ̳飬һȺ϶ƹˡ
һֵܶǻȻﶼǴ˳ֵܣŸȻͷƹЩ˶¶֮ɫЩȻҲ֪£һ̹Ȼģˮδ
ɫ侲ţˮĵŶںδ
̳⣬ĵסˡ
ûж֣
δ֡
ˮһЦҪ嶯һ㡣ƣֵܷǽ
ʲôǡ
ŭʲôʲô͸ʲô
ƶλͷҲµĲУæмˣŽ
ˮЦŽ
ǲŽô֣ˮаЦ
ͬʱˮڷףվ˵Ȼֵܶǲһȥ
˵󲽵ǰ˳ȥ
֡³塢ض󵶡׶͡潣ꡱκλ书ǿಽظ˳ȥ˵һҲǲҵ˳ȥ
ɽΧŵĻʯΧǽɶߣȾ޴Ƕ׶Ĵ糤ֳܵġྲŵվڴǰſǰһֹվӲӶ׿ɫѰ֮ٸɫ
ͷһǴ˸ġۡ
λ˵ĸͿȥʮ꣬Ǹǿ׳˶Ĵ󺺣ĺﷺ죬һֻ۾ƣһǸĽɫʱһ˫۵ɵԲݵضŶĳֹӣаǽˮ죬ȻЩ֪ﰲ˴˵ĸҪλȴԼһֵ֮߸ʵԶϸ֪ν
ͬʱһҪСĿŵذţų켺ԼҲõôֵ֧֣ܵıƹᡣ
弲ĽŲֹӲӣͷһȺѷֿߣˮͥŲ˹
ֹæһԣʩ
˾ǵݱˮչµġ䲻ɶõĸ֣һԣݳᡰͭġսİգʮв·磬С
ˮЦ˹ļ򣬵࣡
ɫ䣬˲ÿһԡ
ֶڿϳˣˮδ𻰣ĺѾһЦɵشк
϶ʲô
Ƽ˲ȻϽУűϣȻϵռıˣʱĴŭƿڴ
Ǻॣ
һɡֵܶŭĿԲɣγ׼˶ĺۡ
Ҳ֣ʾذγ˱
ԭ˫Ǵ˵ӵܣһ̱Ҳꡣ
ˮһһ֣١৵һˢˢػʣ뻮һöĺ۵Ƥһ
⽭ˮһЩµȷһס
ֻǺ۵һ䡰廨ͷʾֵĲм
ԼµİսЩûӲ̵ӵʲô¡ҲֻǺÿá
ˮһ֮ڿڵ˵ƹô
ˮȻֱ⣬һ˲£ô¡ֶ㲻ܹңҪֻܹԼǷǲ֣ȺֵܸΪ˳һ̨ͽ֮߸ôģжĥɱ¿ҲûôģҲ̫ˡһ仰֮λãóҿԼ̣ΪҷܶôķϣǲΪġ
˵˻ȺѾ۷׷ףֵܣߣ²ֱֹˮжĥɱ¿ǵĻ˹


018 Ϯ
ˮ΢΢һЦĿɨǰ۵ˣ˶ĿһΪȻⲻᣬɵõȻ˵廰˵ĲԴҵȷ˴ˣҲò֮ˣԭֵܣҲ˾Ӷߵ顣ҵѡΪأ߾֮˾ӶߵҲǼŸ˵õӣֻռλʱҪ࣬١һ㣬˵ûɣ
Ⱥ֮𣬲˶ƵƵͷ
Ǻ۸ŭɶ㻹ˣΪ˽˸Ϊս˽ʹıֶΡ
ƨ˵ƴһЩϼһռéӲʺûǽ꣬ͱǴ
ƵĴֱ֮ԣӭڶ˵
㡭ľҪˮȴ˵壬λ˵ԪϣһԡҲڴУΪ֮ܶһҵԸᣬȻвʣһ㣬ᡣҲҪˣ˲һҵһɣɾⲻҪѪȵɱҸʱߵ躹޵·ߣΪľǱⲻҪΪľֵܹ̫ƽǵ˷չĹģЩǱҲܲȥģǾҪǾҪ֪ǵĵ˭ôʲôֶô
ˮἰĵˣڶϵֲͬ飬뼰ԵĿֲˣԪϣĴĵײ˾⡣
ˮģ˵Щˣ׼˱һսôҿĳЩû׼áЩֻ̰ȨλͲƸΪʧȥλãʧȥ˽ǮҿҪǮҪˡΪ˽ǮԴԼѡǼλϸһսְ𽻸Ϊţҿ˵ǶȥΪ˴ˣΩʱ˿̵Ϊվ˴˵Ķ档
ˮһϯʱһԪ˾ҵķ졣
Ķ鿪ʼָ˶˳ⳡ־磬ۿʱһҲҪһ֮ʣˣʲôˣνĵ˶ǽϸӵĵˣǺθɣƴƴΪ˴ˣΪʲôҪΪϸӵ˽˶Թȥ
˽˶Թ˵Ҹ֮Ϊ˽˶Թˮ۾һݺݵضסۣҸӵĳ˶˽˶ԹǶԹ˽ඣ
۰ȻˡҾΪ˸˸飬˴һðյȥ
ˮһЦ˵ĺã˵ĺáĿȺɨȺصĺļˣָһ˵ҿλİ¬£Ǿˮ·Ļ˱ǿнȥɱǶʮ֣ҴҸ֮˽𣿡
ˮİӶʱһæͷأȴѾ˿ʱһƬȻ֮
ˮݺָȺеһλµλɽߡߺߣһԲϣҴϵİ͵ϮҸġ߰ԼֻߣҲҽϸӵ˽˽ϲôΪɣ
ˮȺһλͷ׵ԴһʲôҳҪΪҰѩޣ
˻æǰסλˣ԰꣬һ
ͷ׵ָźŭպģTMDûģ˵ǣҿTMDǣЩ˵ĳǰʲô㻹ҪɱЩ˲ɣ
ɫʱ԰ף벻Լ£Ѿصùˣû뵽Ǳˮ˳
ˮЦָ㣬ǵڴ˼𽭺ʱµĵˡ
д˵ϵɫѿʼ仯ʱ˿̣ԼһȻôУҶ۴̳Ҫ֮ڣԷĿѾˣǱƹֱǳûٴ˵ĸ
һʱŭɱεֵʽ˳۵Ķ飬Ѿתͷվ˺۵Ķ档
۴ʱɫз࣬üĿؽŶĽˮ
ʱͻȻһЦһϿεĹ˳֣վһţָźЦ˵Ϻ鰡˵ŪЩϷʲôãԸ˰ɣȰ㣬һ˵ֱӶһЩͿѾˣ湻˥ġ
һֵܶǻȻ󾪡
ˮ֡³ŭҪĶʲôˣ
Խˮ΢΢һЦ񣬴죬棬̬ƣ۲۵Ĺģֻֻۣϸһ㣬еĹâҲĲԾġģһ˵ĽӲζȥеаĸо
λͶѮңȻ߸˵ò죬߰ͬȴһͬʣҰ
ǹӱЦʲôҲҵ֣
ˮɨ˶ԷһۣЦ°⣬˵ʮǰֹôһȺ֪ν涾Ķ˸ʲô̡߽˽¡λ߽е󻤷ɾ°ףһӡգǽ߻ʡĴֶѡ
ġɾ°žžž˹ƣ޵벻СӹȻЩ£Ȼ֪ǵ
Ŷԭǡ³ЦȺӲһҹ֮ɢôôҸȼˣ
°һ׼˵ǽˮΪ͵ΪǵĽ߻ʡʥˡħۡƵеаͶħˡ

һ½Ծ
ԭ꼻һֵġ̡߽ȻͶħˡ
֮ţǡɾ°׵ɫҲһ䣬Сӡô֪ģ
ˮûлش𣬶ǰѽһԴҡͷѽѽӦáаʲŶԣϾʥħŶڵˣΪʦ֮λʧܣһ֮³̡߽߳ģͶƵУӦڲŶԣ
һΣ°׵ɫѾ׷ࡣ
Сӵʲôˣô֪ôࣿ
յЩţôϲǳûͻϮ̳
ѵһ岻ɣ
°ɫ࣬Ȼͷźţ
ݡ
һ̻ϰգȻһ죬һѵĴ߳ڰ֮УȻɱ֮ŷ޾ͻȻӵصðһ㣬ɱ
ǡɾ°һ˻ŭˮٽթҲҪٴɥɱ
ᷭ°֮Ѹִһıɳ̣ͨ״ġìȳŽˮ˶һֱ֮ƣƱҪˮڼ̵ʱڻɱ
һսĻ


019 սȺħ
ìĹâ˵вأһͿо綾
Ȼǡ̡߽̥ħŶڣöı͡
âһ°ġìգۼ䣬ȴкһ㱩кˮ֮ǰ
ˮɫ΢΢һЦȻۼìŲ߾룬һѤѩݡһ죬һìĹδλ֮ǰٿȻСìì⡭

һ죬㽫°˳潣ꡱκ潣ߣηĽӰ֯ѣĿĹâХžˣ꣬ɨҶ磡
κڴˣħװɣһŭУκβĽ֮У°׸ǰϯȥ
°һһԡìɴһ㣬ͻֵ콣겼ɵâȦ
ǣ߾ԣȻɢ⧶Χ߼б߸Ƕȣзˮ
ɱ
ض󵶡׶硢֡³塢ȺӿϣӭȺС
ǿͻȻչƿݷĿ޺ţһУ˱Ӳؽˡ߾֮죬ֱ޿
߾ңֻһ֮㱻ָֻ÷ֳ߸һĽǶǱԾΪս
׶һͳһѴ¾һˡ߾еĶˣ֡³͡ҲǳּԽ߾
ʣµһ߾ΧҾ֣ҡֱ˽ˮ
˲Ǳˣ֮ǰˮݵġɽߡνġ߰ʵҲǡ̡߽һط֧ѡ
ʱܹԽˮɽߡЦλǼƼδ˵жԼһ˳ƾڵĹҲȻܹУڡ߻ʡǰ
ˡġ֮һ˵ƣһСɽ㵱ͷסŭѣСɫǱ㲻мһ
ƵͬһѴ󵶣ͬˮкһ㹥ȥ˸׺һһɽΤӡ·ǵ羢оͻҵˣ
ôʱΪε״ӣһֱݣʱȥѧԺ꣬ǰѾͬնʵǿҲֻǺ۷ˮƽڵġ߾֮·磬ֻչ˶񶷣ǵȵҺҰȫһƴҪļƣ
һ֣ҲԱԽɱһ
ԼԼĶֻ֣֧˼У׽⣬ۼԷЦѣƶͷѾǿ֮ĩ
һߴӱˮӹ󣬵Ӳţ
ֻһٿȻƮɣһӰѾԾϣӭͷסһ߾ͬʱˮƣҺɱߣ
۵ͶħŵһϻƶǴһͶ˴ˣɵ˴ڣҲѡȴС
һʱһʣµҲȫӲ磬еڶԪϣˮƽڵľôˣֱס˼С硰¬£ļɵˡ
ڣ潣ꡱκȫĶ֡ɾ°ƮĽâ֮¡°˵һĺ֣û뵽ȻκȽ֮£Ȼ·磬ȴԾһĪչ
⡰潣ꡱκǽռҵӵܣһڽϵôͶݴĴأССĴʲôֶνһ£
°аޣԭҪǿͻϮнˮ˼ʧ䣬ֻȫԿԷĹһһʽȴʤ˴˵
ض󵶡׶һתеĽ˿󻷵һߵ㵶ˣϯ߾еˣһߴһ˫֣үһ󡪡
λӡеһͷСҲǸӣ۾ݺݵĵռ˱أӣ
׶粪Ȼŭ߳ү֧ͷ
ƴ䣬Ȼһ˺ɹ׶߾м䣬ͬʱһ㶣׶һɣ
׶һЦд͵һᣬɿնλֵһɥŽоȻؾӭһɥŽɣͬʱԼһŴõͷ­ҲѹµµԶĽѪʱȾΧ˵ۣ

ǿԴµǸͷС߾ǰͣ£߾ŷǰ˲ɥﲻǱˣΨһлṥˮġɽߡ
ôô죿
ô֣
Ϊʲôıһûأ
ӵʶبڶͷҲ˵ļ֡
λΪչ𡢻ʸ̩Ҷ˽ݶµĴۼ书˵жأûʲôಫҲ֪书ʲô·ֻǽû뵽ֻһ֮䣬ڵĸ֡ɽߡʧȥ֧֣Դ
ʵ̫˳Ծˣ
ɱ
񣬡ض󵶡׶Ŷ˷֮ʣ׺쳣ɱ
ֻʼ߾ȻͬľٶһٿȻݱܷâոջԻǸ߾ȴǻæٵս
ǡض󵶡׶籾ǰ벽ľ֣һڵﵱȻʵѹƣЩʱնõˮͲٴҶĵţṩ׶ĵ֮ǰͬն
һ죡
߾ıѱ˿󻷵ϴľһߣ֮£ͻâѣĿ˲䵹תͷʬһɳȥɾ룬Ѫ꣬һ·
ЦУ׶ǰȥǿŴԴ
ñΣƤɫ͵һɲѳڣǰڲϵֻô̶̵ʱ䣬Ѿȫһˡ
ƺ޶׼Ͽֲı޶ٶ۵ĲѪȵģ׶̡߽ǿˣǷԵ³ˡ˵һһٸҴԲѣͷñ£

ת˲֮䣬ղŻҫġ̡߽̼㱻ɱһˣڳڴԵһ޴Ĵ
ɾ°ۼԼԼǰκסԮãŭѪڣĿѣĿ߾״֮ңʱģۣХţƵϣһ߿һȺҶҪɱ
ԶˮٴθֶȻ⶯Ƥӣб£
κЦŽӵģһضȥʲôʸս
ƣ°׵ġìӳҷļ㣬κҧƴˣ


020 ˭
κһȻһپʮ߽ɾ°ס
°ײֻмܣͬʱƴˡ
ڼ䣬һҽȴλ롰îϵġ߾УһӵֱһӳţѵѪ࣬һˤɾ룬Ȼء


˵ʿȻһ̨ס
ǸȳĬĹڡض󵶡׶֮£Ҳᱻˮߣʲôְ񶼲ţֻǵһ߼֣ΪľڽҪͷܹ䲻عʤ
ض󵶡׶磬潣ꡱκ˶ǰ벽ʵʱпͻƹ龳ǰκλ϶˷ǵʱ䣬ֻڽˮߣ㹻ʱ
ڡް족İλֻڵʵġ֡³壬󣬵ˡ
ˮ׿ƤɨһۣĿ˸ԶУУΪʲô֣ѵΪʵԽҴôֻҪǱֵԽǱԽӦɳǿĸֹѵΪұֵ̫ˣǺϵӦú˽ңǡ
ˮ΢΢һЦаΪ˽ңʵô
ˮ͵س˳ȥֱȺйʶǿҵһˡۡ
ħŵļƻмҪƴˣԸոյǻĻʸ̩ô۵ĵλǲġֻҪԼвħŵ˿϶ס
ˮһź۷˹
һ˳ϻ๥ѾȾѪȴǵԼֵܵĴԪϡ
ʱѾľܶԼմ״ʣֻҪ赲һʹɱ֡
ڶϵֿסʱ򣬽ˮ˶
úã
书ڵ֮£Ҳϴ󺣻ܶսϰٻغϣ˵ȫС
ǰĽˮߺߣ̥ëû˸ɾôԼĶأ
һһŽǰߵѪɣҲԷǻĳ߳ĵһӣӭˮ
Сģ
вԪ϶ǾǺ۵Ĺ֪һĺ֣λЩεεһ˻죬ϢҲļλֵӢ¼ˮʵûһۼʱһ֮ռ䶼죬ֿ֮ȭֻһֵܵ
Ľ٣ȴûг־ԮĻᡣ
ûע⵽ǣЩϤˮȴ¶һЦ⡣
С
Լٽĵ޳Դһ
ˮһƲȻֽб죬ˢһ´˿ڵϮ֮ǰ˵֮£ԳƵٶȶ˳Աһ˦
ء
޲Žˮտա

۴һԼϵ˲䣬оԼӿȻԷɸɳһһ󼫿Ķȫɢ˿䵽ϵûƻ󡭡
ҶԷǿƵֽҲӦ˿һı
ˮһƫ˺۵ͬһʱ֡ɽơһСѩᡢһӡں۵ϣ
пͻȻһůůĴ˾֮䣬ȴ۵һѪɾ룬һƬ̳

Ϻ飡
۵ĸ;ͬʱһ˹ȥΧڵġ
ˮأɾ룬мɱӢܣĮ˿谭ڳ˵ĶۣΪڼҸʣϴˣͿΪΪôߺߣ㻹Զϣ
ۣ
һѪ˲µĺ۲ͣشϢţΪȵԹʹĶͻ͸£ѪŴǵĺλꡰˡ֮ϵ֮һ˴δйͷŭ֮С
ˮĵĻᣬûж֮ǰ׷ˡۣЩʱ˵һֻһλᣬȥ˼ˣ
һΣ˵ʲôһëȻĳǱߴһ߾֡³һȭȥԶоû˺
ˮΪһ̡߽ͿԸҡˡô棡ǼȻˣͲҪָл뿪˵һ죡
һ߱κ񹥵ġɾ°˻ĺУ̫硪
ˮаЦҪôȴػĵа֣ʱԮҵӣ
ͻȻ쳤ЦеΪѾʤȯôˮΪѾռϷô룬ɾǴشˣ
·ӡ֤Ļһ㣬Ȼһٴһ̻ȴһֻѪɫ
ͬһʱ̣ˡ̳ͷǱͻȻһԼ߳źӿ֣˼޴𺳵ıը
ɣ߲мУ𡰺¡¡Ľǵ죡
Ц°׼ĽеʼˣѾʼˣ
ʱׯӣź֮ҳһƬӰɶȸԶеһѳɤŲ̴ֻ󺰣һݵĸǱ̳ըҩ䷭˺üЩһﶼǾԵĸֵ֣ܶסˡ
һȳܻȻ
ԪһɱѸ߰Ķ˲
ˮ̾ϢĶĲԼҪġ
ԼСġȴǸӢ£ԼһνƺģĮعš
ԼʿǽˮռᰴֶΣܴʿ
ΪԼͶҡ
ʱǡض󵶡ӭϼҵĴھܵС̡߽û۾ʲô¶ҪԴòܰףǶһȺˣ
ˡֱ̻Ȼ벻֪ˣղ˵һǽɪĵ״磬ǵס˼ѽ
ʱˮȻƣ졮ط̳֮ڣｻǣ
ȻӦת˳ȥƽ˵˵ز̫
ˮƽĵֻϰˣŴǡ
ƴ󺰵ǣɱ̳
ȣȱԺ֮ڣ˵һˣǰˣһ̳ɴ֮
߾භʣµһˣʱŵԴϢһ°ߣκ
һ֮ǡɾ°׾ȻµİκĹ˺۵˵ߡ


021 ôֱ
κ°˳ȥɫʱ²飬ٹ߾
ʱ°׸һأһģԱߺ۾ŵ󻤷ˣ
°ֱ߲ۡǰˣɼǣȻһֱԱκռ̫ı˹ȥ۵ʻɫ׵ĵؽ
Ƴ˶Ľˮһۣʹٵ£ô£һͽô
ΧֻͨڣĿⲻؿұߵĲ֮УԵĶ¶֮ɫ
ˮԹɫ΢΢һЦü°ףҲˮǬȥǵİɣһǡҲеɫڻĪҪȫˣŲһȣ
°̫Ѩͻͻͻͣҧгݵ˵ˮ⣬³ɺޣһȫ
ʱһҽУȴǡض󵶡׶һȫͶսġ¬¿Σ˶׳Ĳ䵶һɨӭƴ߾
Ѫһͷһ𣬵ɹõͷ­Ѿб˳ȥ
δֹκǱҲǲҽΪ°׽Χġ߾׷ɣֳ߸Ѫ
ֻһգ۵Ĺ򣬡߾ֻʣ¡֡³ǰһλӲš
֡³һЦѣʣһˣ𼱣һ̣
Ʒɣȫѹȶȥֱ֧Ų£ԡ֡ȫԼԼֵܼ˵Ĳҿҡ֮ʣʮɵʵѾʣ²ɣ֮㱻³һжţһԴĻǻ֮Уʱˡ
ոջһġ߾һգ۵Ĺ˸ɾйɲǼ䶼ƤֱˡȻѾӡеǸˡˡ
µġˡŵΪһӣȻģȴޣָޣˮµġˡѾȫΣ뽭ϴĴɱҲǺɫڶ࣬Э衣
ˮ֮ǰ̫˿ˣǸʲôҪɫ̸Żõĸֱգűȫ
ûһֶΣôôΪĲֱŴɻӵʮҳ϶һ㣬˸е˼顣
ˮʱ˫֣۾ɨˣ˵ƾЩ˾Ȼ͸Ҵˣǳ룬֪ĸģҿħڲ˿ǰɣ
һ仰ڶߵһ׷ײ²Լǲһߵһ·
Ⱥеʱʿһ롣
ɾ°ŭƨʥŸ־Χ̾ܽȫ飡
ˮһصеᷳˣģҸ㣬ֻҪԸ⣬ʱرס˭ҲȲ㣡
ŽˮβҲƬӵıԵһʪ˸е󷢺ǻôˮʥų֣㾹Ȼ˿δ˵ɣ
һϲ˷ܵĹӳӡˡ̡߽ÿһ˵ףˮ޶ԣתĿλãӰ
ǰһ߽ɣ޹ǣ˸һڵĸоÿһĻζɵĶߣʱпܷ𹥻
ͷɫͷֻ֣¶һ˫ݵ۾ֻϸöָÿһöָ϶һͻ乳Ƕߵһ㣬ҫɫĹâȻͿо綾ʽ˹ŹֵĽָѾװƷˡľҲҪһϮڱ롰̡߽ͬĺֻۣһ棬ԷѾǹ龳кڵˮƽˮµǰֵλ¾ǡ̡߽ĵһˣ߻ʡʥˡ
ʥעĿһ綾һ˲˵ע⣬ˮȴֻƳ˶Էһۣ㽫еĿ⼯еˡ߻ʡһλϡ
һֱ֣ƵĴ磬ͷ٣ͭ𶥣䣬һѷһѱбһɫİٱңһɷ磬ֻϴһƳɵߣ°ͣȫڵʵʵ
أҲԵ˵ĲеɲǣˮȻƤһ֮ǰġ߻ʡҪٱϡ
ڳезΪ߻ʡĳֶȸԾһΪ֮ѹΪݹڳˣûһܹȵһ龳ڵġ߻ʡ
߻ʡƵĽˮȻ۽ǶƳԷһۣеעеǸסӵϣһ˿δйı鸡ϣˮǼѹԼ˷ܵɤ˿
һ仰˵ڣޡ
ˣǶֵģδֵģͬʱսȦ֮⣬Ȼͷλ˵ħ֮һġ
һ̣Ȼħ֮һͳģ
ôֱʣħδҲ̫𡰴ˡ˰ɣ
ԼķͷȻĬȫȥ߻ʡʥһΪˬ
һɳƵɤߺ洫ֲһԭ˶㣬ʥǲܽͬһֻƾԺˮ·ʱʸ̩ӵڽɽҵʥŰƣҪһ˶һɹˣ

Ѿѵõˣ벻ˮļֵħУ˵Ȼƾһһɵʵܹǣʱ֣Ȼأ⻰ǲ̫ˮˡ
ԷĻڽˮУȴ΢΢һΪԼ룬ȷǰⷽսԲֵģҲţԼµĵ͵˿ͨһȻǿħŶԴԼۣ˲˵ǸȻԼΪˣ򲻻ѻδչ߷ɵĴ˿ҪȻɳ֮һԸԼ
ʨãþȫ
ħǴԼδʱԼͬ壡

¹˭֣δ֪
ħżȻôĶעԼôܾʹ˲棬أ
ˮδйţٿȻ죬ҪһӶ£
ʱ̳ӰһһԡѪֺҵر˳
ˮһԭõ˾֮һҲǴԪϵġȡ
ʱ֡³弲һȵʲôʧǣ
һ˽ˮˣǺǣļæǰüҪ㼱ȵĵˣǡԵġͷɡɲС̳̳ۡ
ôˣ
ôˣȺ˽ǰͻȻһЦȻҪ
ʱͻȻһһƥٿȻնԶĽˮ


022 ò
ǡšͻȻϮʱô˵˾ħ֮˻ȸԾ
Сնһгɣ˵˶֪ǳֵĿƺȴ־ǺΪȡûô
д˵˶ǾĪģȴΨ˵Ǹˮ
ۼնҪγɣת۾ͻᱻͷųȥˮͻȻһ˿Цͬһʱ䣬ĵطͻȻһ߳𣺡
ԡ
ɲǼЦԶϣԴһھз˰졣
£һ̷ĿӢͦӰ֪ʱԼ󣬶Ǿ˵ƿȻڶԷһпºԴ֮󣬷Ŵÿ˵Ķ֮С
ÿٶȣ
ٺһͷȻǾ̾ԷɱԼٶȡ
صٺͷ֮ɲǣˮȻˣɷ
֮һġɷˡ
¼Ϊصһ֧ٴ¶˵˻ڻϤִĺ壬ħǸȴѾ
ΪħߵЦûдСӹȻԮ֣һֱǶѰԺδԭ߸ռȻǱ˳ͲҪˣ
һ֣ܺɱʱһ㼶ͬһʱ䣬ĴӰ׷׵˶߱Ӱ׷ͷֻ֮һ㿴óǡޡĳԱÿ˵׷֣ÿֵʵ޲£㶼ǰ벽ʵ
ħһΪ˴ˮԼ䱳Ȼһγô벽ǹ龳ĸֻ֣ǴԵĹ㣬벽ĸֱѾ˶ʮˡ
ȻЩΧġޡ˷ټΧһٺɱȵЩ˲뽻սĺ֮ʱṦߵĲԹԼǿĹ֮⣬˵ȾԸˡ
ԳΪڻ߱һѪⷭɼǣû˵;ֹѪ֮һս֮ɳ־á
òӷᣬһгޣŵɭȻЩΧһʱƬˣǸоٶǱ׼ȷҵǵλã䲻عҪԳðңֻ¡
Գһ֣ٺһЦһˣ˵
һԵĿʨһĨһԴѪԳԺ󣬿šǸ쵰Դ㱨𣡡

ЦУ׷ɱޡĶʮ벽ڵĸַ׷أÿ˶ͷߣдŲͬıţˮüĿһʱϳЩһħʮǡ
ÿϵϢͬ޶ȫٳɵ书
ܹձﵽ벽ʵΪĶˣǵҪٵΪģħֻһ֣Իٶٴһĸأ
ˮЦ벽ħŸ֣֪ͷϻûŹﵽ߲㼶أӺ۷Ҫܹ֪ǰʮλǣ̤ŶħŸֵʬŴﵽһġ
߻ʡʥȻЦսģ㺦ˣħڲ˲żüãܵ𣡡
ˮȻҲãԸܵģ
ˮڼħģһ벽ľ֣Ҫʮڵĸ֣Խ£Խ
亦һ벽ħŸ֣ˮµһڵħŸ֣ΪħŸ֣ݽôϲħƵУȴܾϵȡʤΪ㣬ĸֹȻ߾ȡʤΪĿԺͼУʧһۡ
ˮھҪħŸеۣеʹ
ʮλһˮҲ֪ħεĶעжˡ
ֵʵӣһɹ龳Ͱ벽ĸΧɱƾʲôأ
ˮһ㶼㲻ʲôᰵĹŵأ
ħŵֶֻЩ˰ɣǺǣء
ˮ̽뻳ȡһöƵźţҪͷţԭػںԱߵһͻȻֳһЦ鳡⣬˱
۵⣬ѪСһѪĪ°ɡ
һ
۵ٿȻΪѪ꣬Ѫ껹δֱһƬѪŽˮ˹
ħѪѪĪȻҲˣ
ʱ̣λĸ֣̲סˡ
ħŵƣȻһһȽˮڴҪٶ٣
һΣɷڽˮߣҲԵֵĪѪ𹥻
Ϸˣ
һ𣬾Īʮ֮ڣһƥĽֱ֣˰һƬѪĪ
߳
µһɱֵġʮһɱʮΧڴ˿ɽ⣬¼ҲֻһӵҲ˰֮á
ǽˮĵơ
ħŲһҪ壬Ϳ˫˭ܳԵĵ˭˭ӶԷ
ȻħźͻĴˣ֮һҲѪĪԼԪϡ߻ʡʥȴû뵽ˮ£Ȼλµһɱ֡
λ֣Ϊ׼һʢ硣
ħڶ־
ˣߺһֱ˶
Ī˲ӿ˾֮УѪɢˣʮɱĽʵ룿
ռɲ֮ŷ𱻶סһ㣬ÿһֻѪǱһɽ޴ĿռѹĪԺ壬Ľ䣬һһѪ壬ȻΪѪĪ˲ˡ
Ī֮ķмֻѪӳʮķΧһĪĵӰԾ۵һѪ˲ݳȥʮԶ
˾ռһ֮Īػر𣡡
ѪͷҲٿȻӶݡ
ˮɫһŭߵɷԹ׷ĺǣҲҪɱ
һ£һХṦߵɷѾΪһӰ׷ȥԹٶȲɿر˳ȥʼֻǽ·ɿ죬ǲ˿촦Ƭ֮µ̤ĳȻγһ̣һɸߵ͵ǽ֮εȵľˡ
סǣ
һ£ħҲҪ׷ȥȴշ˶ࡰޡ
׷ȥʹȣ
顭
ҵľȻ𣬼Ṧ뱻
ҧгݣ޳֮ͽǹ죡
ޣ߻Ȼֱ͵ϮĪ֮Ԫ˾ռ
ɱ
ˮڴźţһ̻ſ
̻֮δ𣬰һϮٿȻǰһǾ˶ʮɣվ֮ߺĿ⾪첻ԭɳƵٿȻŵضǰֵ
㣿
ң鷢ӨɣŶɫƽػʵòʦ֡


023 ߳ħ
ĶȻܴһߣߺ˫ʱ̲ܱƽ
෴ԭͽȴһϲŭɫı飬ƵضŶֻ֣еȴøˣͬɫĺøӨ񣬸ӾӨ
̾һڲαװԼԭʵ˵ŵġôһˡ
鵭ȻʧȥĺܶණһˣҲණҲ޷һءΪıѶɥɾɥĵͨţ񽣣лʦġľ٣ԼΪ˶ɱʦ㣬ӷޱ
סڣߺ˫֮âͻȻ죬ΪͬһҾͲɱ㣡
ʧһЦɱͬŻôɣʮʦżҾ죬ΪûԶ֣Щ޹ô
סڣסڣҪ˵ˣҪ˵ˣɫͬһַ֣Բɵľ룬ƬԭɳؾȻ˲ðݣϥǸߵλãȻ˲ήΪɻңƮ֮䡭
һֱĵ׵ʹ䱼ӿΪԼܼǿһ̣ջƵ֣ǰ޷ޱǰ߷񡭡
û֪Լʲôû֪ĵжôʹ࣬ΪʹĻһ𣬵ǿҵĳ޳ʼþħֲľѧסβ׵¡
Ϊɹˣû뵽ֻǳ򵥵ĳ֣Ȼ˵㹴ĵ׵Ļ䣬Ϊֺϵľ񼲻·
֣չã쵰Ҫɱ㣡ٿȻ̧ͷ˫۵ų飬ŭ˵һ˲䣬뵽ܹ׼ȷԼ־©Ȼħͽ֣չãΪṩǱħǹģλ׻
ҺȻ֣չþѾһ֣ǹż©ΨһɹĵطֻԼԼĴߡʵϣǲǽ֮ʹǸĹ
ȻΪĳ֣յʹ䣬˲ڱıԵȰǰء
ΪؿȻ²֣չõ£㣬ҲҼҪȥġңħΪʲôҪʦţ׶˭
ΪһᱳʥţһЦǰɵĹҶñ࣬䲻ҵĶ֣Ϊһ˵ô
鵭Ȼ࣬Ϊ㵱Ĵ
ٴãɣûûдңɱҵĶӣɱҵӡҪҪ𣡰
â䣬˴״̬סԴŭ龰죬Żڳħеˡ

ֱ£ħʮǵ˹ȥΪȴδϵղͻʩ֣˫ƷȻǰģȻ֮УٿȻӲɵİУȼĿ֦һ㻯Ϊڻҡ
ħʱ˶ǺȻ
ˣ
ʵ̫
ǿ˹Ȼδ֣ԼԼô

һУˣ䣬ڶħŸֻʧڱ߽Ĵ֮Уȴһ˸ȥ衣
쵰ʲô
ŭУԭ˻˾ռġ߻ʡʥ˹ڹһһͬһĳ޴зɳеʺ
̾һתģеġ񡱵ݻ䲻ݷ߱޵һ
Ϣ
㶼һ£ȴһʥα
һͬһ߱޷ɳ߱γɸҵײȴٿȻǰУ񡱽Ҳƴ߱޽ĵطж¹кƵʥ㣡

һбˡ߻ʡʥڳ˶Ǿħ֮˾Ī£ȸԾ
飬һڽٶ˾ÿһ֣˷λͻȻðĽʦ˾޴Ľ
۵ͽҶĽȻôȴ˴һ
һʥߣƽʱӲ֣һֱǱȻʤʵʤ
սܣһֱնħڽ֮ˣһǽͽУѾڽϻͬʥһ
ʱһһĹ꣬ôӻͻ͵ģ˿ʸһ
ʥ಻֮Ķƿľ˲Ϣ䣬콣Ȼȫÿ
һɰ٣𴦣ǧٵ绮ƳգɢѣĿĹʣҫۻңȻƲۻô򵥵ģֻҪǻӻݺĹãմһ£һ£㲻ҲѲƤˡ
ʥּֿķġ綾˫߱ޡ䣬ɿؽ䣬ö綾˫߱ޡıͷͬͷž綾֮⣬ֻҪǹһƤͱȻо綾Ѫν֮ı
˫߱ޡıβӿһϸ͵ĺţƤ˫ϣʩչ֮˫޷裬Ӿ磬ͬʱġơΪԶǵ׼쳣ұ仯ǧ˷ʤԶʤһֳ˫޵ĸ֣
λ߻ʡֿ֮ͣǿԭڳԤ֮УȴжҪʵ֣˫һſֻƴգۼʮйȥ˭Ҳûռ˭ıˣ
Դ˳˾ռ˳֮Ǻɱԭˮͭ¼áĽͽǣɱ֮أҲڸֵĶ飬سɱħŻǸӹĵз֣ͬκеϺһֻǽһ˻ת˲㱻û

ħʮ˿־شһʮǣɢӣšɾ°׵ȸɸ֣ҲǵľĴӣƴġ߻ʡʥƲһߣܲˡ
߻ʡʥƿڴѾסֵֻܷȴʧȥߵĻᡣ
ˮȻһЦԼ׼֮أѾЩκɢ־ۼһǼѵ飬ٽЩѱ֮ѱǲɡһжãΪĴڣˮշ˺ڰ֣һ࣬ڿ˴һˡ
һ죬˺þã

ɭɭĽâγһĹǽ֯䣬һʱΪԲһʱɷɻʹܷɣһʱкƺХţӰֻתӿĽ꣡
˽졢ءˮ𡢷硢סɽ󡱣˸ơʮʽһʮб仯ڳͬٵݾ֮仯
еĽأ컯Ǵ
ҶĲӣֻһ׵ĽѾﵽ˽ļ¡
һУһнԽ
ܵɱѾýˮٶһָͷ
׶Ͷ޵ˣڿЦУ׷ɱĶӡȴע֮ѵǣ̳⣬ڿصħֻ֮Ҫע޵
ˮ˾ռ볤̾˵ؼ˭Ľӽ£Ľ֮Ψг顣
ȳޣѾ϶ĹѾĸˣϣսĽһ
ʥ֮Ķ񶷣ʮйȥˡ
ʥıǶѼ˺Ҳ𽥼ɱʮУ˵صĳ̶ԶԶͱ˽ʮеĸоͺҵѿսİУǧС
ѹԽԽ󣬻ԽԽѡ
Ŀ֮£ʥͻȻһ˫ĿѣĶбƫ˫޲ŷƣ
ὣأзˣһʥƣǧӰһųεľΧһԲͰƵĻ˷Ｗѹ
ʥĿұ죬Ҳﵡ˫λʮʽ
ĬĬ⻪ҷȴڵǿ¸бǳܲӵĻ
ʥȻԾͽ˫צ۶䣬ͬʱҲҼ£
ʱĶ̴ּȣġֱָ֮Уƫһö綾߱ޡʥڿգǣҼȴۡıһ֧綾߱ޡУѪٽ
Ȼġ񡱡Ǻһ׹أ
һɲǼ䣬˼񿴼ƵĶȻɵˣ
飬ҵĶɣ
Цţʥ˫˫ٶȶͷ£
ͬһʱ̣һٿȻм䣬˵˫׷֮
ԭӦʧȥսĳ飬ٿȻڿգʥ˲ϢӭȥֻκһٿȻ󵯳ȥԶ

ʥͻȻһ룬ؿأ˺üǿվȣױǹֿЦģЩ㯡дЩɬɻһ¶һޱȵףһ˫ͫ۾ͣϣϱ綾õײͣس鴤š
ʥҡҡλεվؿڵֻƶͣѪµµָӿӿôô죬µ۶һʪ͸ˣ
ŵĺɫѾ˰ɫѪ͸۰ڣһεε¡
Ҽ˿ڣһӨİ׹⣬ɫѪҺͣðţһѪҺֱʺ죬Ȼֻһת֮䣬ڵľ綾Ѿųøɸɾ
ϵġ񡱣ϵѪһþ
ʥǵֶģڳԣҡҡˡ񡭡
ǵģˣ
˵µġ̫Ԫ񹦡ˣǸħ֮һѧħΪɵ񹦣ҲǵħһҪɵԭ
黹ʣȻȷɣΪԼʤߣȴɵĿ¡ǣڻˡħſֲļ䣬ˡ
ʥӿʼϷƺҪʲôȴһͦٿȻ£
ֻۣȴ͹յģ
ˮһ߻ʣҡҡͷΪԼܹħŵĽŲư£ȴʲôûˣԼ


024 ħѨ
ˮôˣǿƣȻָ֧ոյȼĻʸ̩嶼ܷǸ̨֧Ļʸ̩ŷͥ
˹صľٶħźͷǸе˼вΪ˱ֻεľ棬ħŷӴˣ߻켺жû뵽ͷβⶼһ޴塣
ˮûжκһİ׵ֻƾصʵ㽫ħŵĹжȫ߽⡣
߽⣬Ǵݻ١
ħŶǰͶ벻˶࣬ܵ˺Ҳأпܽˮĳһ
һۣħž֡߻ʡʥѪĪӶݣӲ֪٣ʮ룬ħԪˡ
𾪣
ˣӪΪΣһҹ֮Ϊɣǰ׵նħΪ׺ĴɣΪת˲¡ǧɵᲢۡ
һ̣Ӱ֮ԶԹơ
νǣһȫ
ħܴ˴ʿٶἰħţѾûǰֿ־֮ˡ
ħΪʧȻһִв켺жһԭڰħű׵ͻ
ľǰ׵Ϊ֮ʿϣġ
ħš˫Ѿ˳ͻ׼һսɱ⡣

ˣ
飡
һ죬ɫâһŽ˿ľɵ̨һĵ÷飬¶˴˿ƽϢķŭ֮飬Ҳͻ˹߹֮
̧ͷ֮֮ˣۣͷͨڣǰʮ켣˼һ㡣òʮƳ룬ٱΰԳ˫խ˾÷ᣬƤ԰͸ִӹ͸аζֱһ˵Ĺ
˲ǱˣħšħۡƵС
ǰ̨£ҸŮ˵ͷ
̨һɫ԰ףԽڶڵأǺ˼ǲܣʹʥʧԸһеȣȡ
˵߲Ǳˣʥ֮ƵҲҶеѧԺ֡
δ䣬ѾԣɫٿȻ࣬æӻͳһƿֵһɺ쵤ҩУҩڣΪһʱȫԳһĨĺɫ֮ɫʱת
ǡħۡԭΪŭı飬״˲ã̲ס̾˿ѹͷŭ𣬵ȻҪעǣĪҪΪʥ֮·ˡεȻΣΪûаѴ˷УҲʧܵ򡣰ˣȻСѪ֣ҩ̫ңǾ綾档
ħѵ¶һ棬˵ȿģǼ⣬¶һĵģΨһЦ޲ħ۹Ķͷޡ
һЦΪлʹģʱ޶࣬УǰΪʥŶЩ£Ϊʷǡ
ħۡͷɫָ
˷׷׿佱֮ʱΟȴǲسĿɼΣϧ²֯жֻʥŰƣҪˡ
סڣħۡƵ¶֮ɫСǼһգﶷľȥص˵ͷ­
Οŭһʷģҵļƻչ˳ò˶ãܸ뿴ĳ֮ͷ
Ƶ۾һãϣ㲻ҪΪʧ

Ο߹ΪȴбԴɭȻһЦ
ɫһ࣬һȡ
ںδ
ƵʻȺһ멵ȸԽڶ£־壬޷ȷϣеˣȴıȴѾãȻݾڣǱϽݣ½ӽᡭ
᣿ħƵٿȻץη֣һ󿩿Уֳӡҵ취ҵĶܲκĲûа취㽻ˣԡ֮ƣܺùĺá
˺ȻӦŵȴͷ񺮡
ƵԸ飬Դɰõӣեȡһʣֵνټʯĳ
ȸ֮ԥһ£˵Ȼ֪٣ȴ鵽ˡѪĪ䣬
ҪǸƵٿȻƿڴȻһôûУһ־ͱ˾ռϲӶݣװ˷һš衯ǡ衯ʥŷѾĹ򣬿¯ĴΣҲŵõʮöǱһöȴ˽ĪϧȥµӲԮ֣ɵһ£Ҳ׵עʥżƻеĸ˳ҲǷˣ
ȸ¡
Ƶα˿ʥһֱߺߣ΢۾¾ͽˣӣǳȥڻңǲӣ͸һٲǻڡȸǸͽҪԴӣ
һϢ΢۾Цּ
ˣʥŴȫλһʥűȫٴʥŵĿ־֮аɣ

չڣ˻Ŀ׿һзǣĬ취
ʻܻн̤ص
ܿľ磬ѭ񻺻ۡ
Ȼϻǹ룬չ˲佫Ƴ㣬ת䲻⣬ػ֡
Դӱ֮Ѿȥʱ䡣
ҹͣҲ֪˶Զ뿪嶼ĳһصȥ
䣬ӵ÷ǳܡ
չд棬ߵɽҰ·ҲħĳܻҲ˵
ͬʱʱĵһɽǣ˰ͳֱͬĵطҪȻسĻ΢֮΢ˡ
Уٴ΢ı仯ΪлĹϵʹչ֪ʻһյĿռ䣬Ȼͣ
Ӹ̧ҡҡλεƶţһطŵϡ
ƹӵķ϶͸
ż˵ĺ
ãһЦԶΟߵС㣬㿴ɸˡ
ٵĺȴû
չжʱһɣԼңħ֮˹ȻٳˣΟգǲܵԼܳõΪֵ˵ǿڶأ
ǰƷС㣬Ҫְ֪Խ鼤ҵġ֮ȡøĳɹٺ١
Ο߹һЦģȳСԹҵζ벻鶼ܣСҵĿתлʱұ֤չСѪû뵽С㾹ȻѵһĴʣлڵĵ̣Ҳ˳СԪеһ֤ҵѧᣬͻƣɱȷá衯ЧҲк֢ˣ
ϣȹϲ书ҲȫʩΪ
޳֮ͽŭ

һЦ
չдŭס۹ȴɱԷԷͬʱ׼֡
Ҫ֪Ο˵һۿѨδƣͻȻǾ﷭ˡ
οľצѱԷȡȥֶΟߵġǱȽϳԿģΨһΟûз͵Ϯ
ЦСΪβҼ飬ϵúˣ˵˼飬ֻ˫ĿֽŽ书Ź
ΟЦţܺôС㣬ô
ŭ죡
ΟЦСӲ᱾ʩչֶΣΰѳֵס
չɱӿ֪æ˾۹ȫ
飡
УΟһ˴ľ䡣
ȻУľмɢչ˳ž˿ȥǽǴ
չѪȴǰԱƳģʵ˾ûпȥôأոչ壬ȻȫˣҲΪˡ
һ帲ֹΟ֡
Ο߿Ц̫ˣľΪھˣûиԪϣ
չҧ⣬˹Ѫ۶ڱȳȥԵͷʱһ֮ȴѪΪҡ
Οеϣ¶Ц⣬ȻչֿɺãΟˡղСɽܣͷ˵ֶǼõġ
չ۾΢΢һЦҡͷΣ
Ο¶Ц⣬ŪӲΣҾǰµһŮʲô취
˵̤չ
޵ûչϡչʱ͵͵ƳѨ룬ڣ


025 Ο
Ο߳һ̽ȴųͷһץ
ΟһаЦԱߵǿЦֹۿҪס㷢ǳȴٿԱһ˿
Οߴһ
ͻȻչ˫ּŷĦƻһ˻𡪡
𡪡
չ˫»һͺ䣬Οظ֮䡣
Ο߾ɫʱϣ˱ǿɳȥȻǽײһ޴Ŀ˳ȥ
һæȥαıӦһһѸˣҲֻǸոչѸݻ˹˫ֻһڣֻ̫ѨһʹȴǱȲչѨ֧УҲ㵹
ó񡱵Լ֮£ҲǱӦˬˡ
ǰչ˳һԼġצŲֱͣ˳ΟߺĶڳ˳ȥֱովΟ߶ȥ
չͻȻΟߺȻʵ벻ͨסչôܻͻȻתõһԼһֲ
ʱչ׷ɱΟſһѪչȥͬʱγ䱦
չüͷ壬ºȻղΟ⧲һػֻԷСȻһɷ֮ȥ
ֽѪһĽȣһƣ湦ȷоݡ
չͻȻӥΪצͷ㻭һԲȦɢѪͬʱΟ͹
ƫƻͨ£ΟչһУȻǰ΢ǰָٿطΪɫĽٿȻۣܼعչ
չֻɱԷһû˵һЦӿ޾Ķ־һ㲻ԷЭı˫һ񣬡צץԷգĴָŶԷͿȥ鶯ֺס
ֻһУѿɿչ¸Ը͸
Ҫ֪ʱΟ׺ȣΪչ壬ʵ·磬񱻸Ķ񹷣ҪƴӦΟ߶Լ
ΟԽթ΢չзˣֻҪչ¶⣬˳£Գƻɱչ
֪չֳڶţһͬھĴ򷨡
Ο߲ȥƣ˫˫֮֡
ͷ
ΟΪ˶ԷһԼٿرУϼ
ϣ
צץס棡
һȫһǲ⧵񣬶ٷʤ
չһߣ˫һϾһ죬ΟбչһƬͬʱΟ߲ҽһһѪչצˡ
չһЦߣ
ӰΣȥצϵɭɱ˰ȥ
Ο˵ŴŶԷһȣ٣⵹ɶȥͬʱȵСӣݣˣ
չһӥɣȻһ裬Ϊ¶ٵȥͬʱȵߣ̫ˣ
˫ǰһ죬һһԭӿ˵أǽɶݵΟһͻӲس˻

ΟоɫӿΪǰչѾսʤ䱻ǰ˫֣ҫɢĽ⣡

һʵŭУչٴתͬߵĲӥͬ뺣ͬɽͻ
䣬ͬܵѸиΟϣֻ΢ֵһ£ȻˢˢˢٿȻ
չһ֮󣬰Ȼվ
ͬվģǶһΟߡ
ʱ´󺺳ӿ
ʱĳ涼һǾ
˳һȵɱǱסͻǰ
ɱһ棬ʱһɱꣿ쵰֪ħϸ˶ۣʵˡô쵰Ҫɱ㣬Ο׼ԶΟ
ɱǰ֮Οʧ˫ۼ両һѪۣѪٿȻ˲ȫ廩һɢһص飡

ǴͣٿȻľɱڵħŸֶɲǼ䱻˸
㣬㡭ɱָչ𣬰˵
չȻǰһ֣ɱֵˡ
ɱ
ɱеľޱߵĿ־壬ﻹɱУһҲǶѾƵͬţǶԱɫ͵´ͬһʱ̣ˣħŵײѪĲʮλȰӰֻǼζ֮䣬ʧ١
ͷ춼Ѿ·ʣµħŵӸǲҾӴУֻһӰǰɱ˹
ɱ
񡱿Ƶ࣬سչ˹
չҡͷԱ߳˵ȿĸ磬Ҳܲ

ʱ֮󣬡ӥѾԵչã¶Ѫۣⶼսʱܵˡ
չһѽԵ࿸ڼϣһԵĳʱӵԣչһ§һХչײݶֻ֮ԭǻĽһׯԺһЦԶͶȥ
չ§Żˣ鳤ЦʧõĻʹޱȡ
һβȻˣʧѾõġӥҲѰ˻ĿֱɱΟҪġ
Ứ
չĨȥӿۿһжȥˣߣûֺܶ
жǣȻ䣬еӵеһУһֵˡ

ɱŲ·طɿ챼ۣĿĵǾ˵һħŰ档
ʱеĿ־ԸӣһڵΟȻչɱˣ仹Ǿ֣ץչ𡭡
ġ񡱣ôܻͻȻȫأ
Ƕԡ񡱵ȫΟ龳书ôᱻ벽չ˲ɱأ
ףһеζӦġ
ǡ
ԼζƸ꣬ԼӹƵеŭô
뵽ħǿµĴ֮ɱҪתܣӵĳɽб
תһħǲѲֶΣŵ͵ߵ뷨ˡ
һҹ֮󣬵ɱȻħŵһ㣬һݣţˣ죬Ұħӥ飬дҪ桭죬TMDҿ㰡
ȵɱͻȻǰħڵӵЩ̫ԣ·ǿЦһض
ɱʱŭɶʲôʱЩ²㶫ҲԼȨҪҪͷµʱ򣬱ͻȻһɭɭɱʲôҪ鱨ֱӸҺˣ
ɱͬһȻת˫ĵɵԲŵؿųˡ
أءΟ


026 Ƽ
Ÿʮ¡
һϣٵԱһСƹݣ򵥿ӭչľƻӣȻƣȴϴüΪɾдšϵꡱĸĴ֡
ʱǵ磬ЪŴʱַ̣Ƿ
˺ͣλϸ̸ۣ˵Ļⶼѵһ¡
˵ͻȻԼħһܵľ޴ʧǳģ±ϼ̨ʣһް׵ⳡѵһĴݡ
һһڸɾ֮ƣǾһ飬죬һĨϵľգЦ˵Ӱ潣ꡯκض󵶡׶磬ǡ֡³壬ǶЩʲôɫ˵Ƕصĺúӣİ죬û˵ǻ˺ôţһȫǹؾصظӹȥ˴ˣҪ˵һ۵󹦳ӦλӢۣˮüɫ裬һ
ĺӾݸϵĵ̣ΪʱӢۣ׵үֻﶷȫϻħ˵Ĵڡû뵽ͻֻǸճ˾˹ҵججעһ˿ϣ
һȴһ˵ˣǿǳħŵպٲûΪȺħӵжд̣׵ǰǸɨǰѩѸֻ֧֣պ˵Ӳù
ݺҲɫһȴˡ˵˿죬ȴΣˡ
ԱǺ󺺴ʱһ룬оƺ˴룬һ飬˵λ磬ֵ˵ǣôֻų־Լ磿ǴȻûŴɵ֧֣ǲҲƾԼıħų˸ôҿ˵ˣ¼кöӢۺܶѾͶ˴ˣʲôܡԪ·ǡɽȽۡв׳ĺܣҲǺڵĺ֮˲ʳȫ̽գΨǾ٣ֻػ˲ܸɴ£ҲħŵȺϴ˵Щˣ˵ʵڻϵҲһǻѪҪȥԸħţʲôݻ̫ƽˣҲҪƽһƽ˵پһ롣
˵ȺһΧʿʱǴкá
ǺӸǵ⣬Ĵ֣ɫͨ졣
ݴҲһ˷ֵܵܣ뵽һȥˣҲⷷεӪһȥǴˣɱħа̵Ĺӣ
һҲǴΪ⶯Ҳã⼸Ҳ̫ƽȥɱаǽɽãµӿѧ߾书Щûпɽ֮˵ĳ·ô
ԣλ˵ǡ
һԱǸͬ塭
̸֮䣬ͻȻһѼɤ¸ЦʦƣǱˣ˵ôͶôЩȱ۵İ׳أһķǲݰ˵ȴƫҪΪӢۺܡǴ˵ĽˮһСͲʮϾҪͷˣȻô಻ҪĶϸȥūšʦ֣˵˵ЩǲǷ
һЦʦ˵öԼˡҿЩ˲֪˼ϲС˼ҵƨɣ

˵ЦҲ˷С
ѭȥ䴦ʿ㶼ɫĵۣһ泤룬һۣһͮͮţһͣ˵Ǵˡ
ԱǰЦӦͣһ˫ȴݺݵȺɨɨȥЦͷȺ
Ǻһ˵ʱŭ˵ΧҲһ졣
ˮѾ½Ӣڮ٣˭Ҳǻϴܡ
еĺƢΪ𱬣ֱһӣվţӣ˵һ飿
ʿһƣЦӵˣ˻˵һٱһ飬Ҳס
󺺵ʱŭȭͷһȭֱʿš
ʿֶȾƣ赭дһ㻯󺺵ĹơһֻоƱȴһ˯û
Уʿֻֻ⡭
Ǻüˣǰһţֱʿмľǵơ
Ǻ󺺲һȣǺʿһ˵оƱѾһһӣƱһк󺺵ϥǡ
ʹһһϥ˵ϡ
ǺʿžظǺһͣͬʱЦӣ֪ˣڵϾүүãγԣ´αǲǵˣ
һƣӡ˺󺺵ϣ󺺺ŷ˳ȥѪڵء
ֵܣ
ͬͬʱָ֪ԼǶ֣Ҳҧгݵس
һ۵İʿٿȻץһѿӣǰֻһ
ݡ
ܼĿ˲ǿһɳֱǶȥ
ƿգǵʿȻϵĸ֡
󺺾ۼѾǶֻܲҪ˫ֻϣס
˾׷Ƕ˵Ĳѡ
δϵʱǰһǰһˣӰ̣֮ڶ˲ͽǷĿӵ֧䵽ԱϵĿӣȻ࣬ǰʿжǿ
ǵʿжǿȻͬʱǰһ
һǰֵһλ糾һɫԵʮʵеĳȴ۰߲ǽʱԵҲѾĥ÷ȴûһ½
˷׷׽кãۼϳԱһϵľƿͣһϣˣһ׳󺺣ȥ൱Ӣ䣬һǸʮҵĻŮᡣ
ȻʿԭһϳԷ֪ʲôʱǸȴ˳ڻǰʿĹ
㶪λ󺺼ԼȻţʱһϲ빰ֵл֮
˵ͷδػǶŵİʿһЦºþġ̫ƽֲö⼸λ̨Ļ󲻷ȴԭ̫ƽ̵λݣǺⰡ
̫ƽ仰һڣʱܴ󻩣ٿΪ˱ܻǵ֮ززֻЩµĽ
¥÷Ѹ߰˰ˣƹ͵Сŵö
ʮ̨⼸⣬ֻˣһ֮һŮΪһЦˣȤؿߡ
ǰʿʶݣɫøӲ԰ףǺĴЦֵ۲ʶ̩ɽԭɽ˵ѡһ֡Ԫսȴ֪ɽϵλˣ
Щһǳһ벻õȻʮ֮һɽ˵ĸˡ
̫ƽ̶ɽˣһŶʱúÿ


027 
ɽԽΪһɽĺϳơϼɽɽ̵ɽɽɽɽɽͬˣµӼ㶼ʦֵƣɸдУҲ
ǰʹˡԪսʣɽĵӣɽɽĸǨ
ʱϳݣҲϣᵯһȻɽͤͶλ֮󣬼ǵǰĪԩҡ
ƾ㣿ʿЦһ¶м֮ɫ
£֮ͬˣǻ׳󺺰Ȼվ̵ɽۡ
ӷ𣬶λѣƶɽ档
˷׷ױţһеģµĽʿǾ
ֽͤ׷ۡۺͳɶ棬ǶݵԺ֮ˣû뵽˾Ȼͬʱ
ʿüͷһ壬¶һ˿֮飬벻˾Ȼɽ˵λ֣ɺϣǡ
ʿһۣȻͬʱνʣһ
ȺǶ˸ղŻһĿһе̬תۼΧһˣ䣬Ϊа
·ͻȻɽ˵Ȼûϵа˲˽壬һ߳Ǵۺ˹ھ룬һʱ֮ȴǾԮ
׵߱ëԵ֮ʱϰ˰׵֮д裬˫Źس֣㵽ΪֹûбΧһ죬ʶԵʱдĴë
ʣһ˸
ǰκһ̫ƽ˶бʤİգǶԷ֣Ȼ󼰣֣˲ӳֳαʱ밤ľ档
˲ͤǰţԭʮལٹͻȻϰٽܼϵĺˮˢ֪ԼȫֵҧλʦֽܹʱϵԼ

ܼĽͤȻǿ´󲿷ֵĽѾʷĳǿӣʮԽԼ֯Ľϴ̻˹
һӡ˲䣬죬ʿеĳȻ֪УĽӰʱΪʵʵĽѵͬʱ󒁷ɳȥغͬĺʮಽվȽŸʱսֲͣĿɲĴȻͻȻ֮˸ˡ
ƿ£ۺʦ̫ء
ͤĿ⾪첻ؿһǰİףոս˵İⶫ
ƢΪңʱһˣթھҪ

ʿеĺʿֹĿɭȻɨͬʱ֪λڴ˶£̫ƽֵһᣬ͵ʲôøɵġ
ʣ⸽о׵ڴˣֻû뵽·̫ƽ˲ûк£ŵĽа
ΧȻҲĿɨʣˣµĴʮҵʿ˭ĹȻܹ
˿ϣһŮ֮ʱȻŮɴĸв죬ҲΪȻֵľ˻ôᡣ
֪Χͬʱ̫ƽţͤʱһȻ޳СˣԼа㣬˴Բίʵɶ񡣽ĳҪ¶
ԱۺԺĳɱһʿĸΣ˶ʲôģȻƤ֮񣡡
󵨣

ʿƿڴȴȻ
׷ۡۿǰһΧۣХһŶһȥ
ڴʱ֮ǰͻȻһӰһ̽ץס۵ıУһק۵ʱһɴϮӲر˹ȥӿµǣԷĴвһɿµĲȻͬһסԼҪֱֱܹر˹ȥ
ͻԣȴһݸߣĿϵʿ
˶ݣĿüܵγˮŨܵüë£ǶԾۼΪעĿ͸аͲпâ֮⣬ԭغڵȦȡһȦĪ⣬¡
֣
ͤһ⽣ΪһĨǹ⣬ٿȻǰ˳ȥ
ԱߵŮҲǾŭзΪǧ˿Ƶ磬ŵ˾ȥ
Ϊ˵̫ƽһֻı飬ʩʩȻرֶǰ˼
Էɽ˸ֳ֣Ǹϵ΢һüһǰһһ֣Ϳס۵
󱻿ۣһæ̧ŷߣһ̧ţ̤Ľűۻ뷴һůӵĴ˹һʱԡ磬ȫ޷ʹһ
ʱʦ̫ͤͬʱΧϵʿһ֣̱ۣһΣ˶˵˫ûϢһġ
δ壬ʦ̫ͤǳԾѵܣֻһ룬һɺӿһҲǰһ̱ڵء
˻
ȫһƬǰݸϵй龳ʵµĹȻϢرȡ˱˵ʵڹǳ
𣬿ϵʿΪ־ã֫˵ʲôҲվ
ĿϵͷҲأҲһۣɨʣµˣǳѣɣĪǼƶô
ʿʱЦʿôλղŵȥˣλڰӢۣβʦ˼ң
һλʿҲǰǵİ׵Уǻѵôʲô׵ӢۣޣTMDûһ
ݣ
һϮֱǰʿջٶȿۣʿ˫ۣȻգƤĶۼҪԼԱߵݸϵͻȻһһһգ˰ʿǰ硣
ǾһɲǣǵٿȻһת䣬ƹݸϵص湥˲ϮٴϮʿ
ݸϵɫ䣬ֻǼӶһ棬ǵٴθı䷽򣬾Ȼͬһ⣬Ҳ๥˹ȥ
һݸϵȴˡ
ֻžһ죬ǰʿձݺݳһƣٿȻ¥֮һǻӵʱڿգȻһžϣŪһ͹
һȴһ۵ͻһѪĲ
ʲô
һǺݺݵĶɲǳ˰ʿϣݸߵʿɫǰʿҪѿ·һĶǳԼһ㡣


028 ǿ
ʲôˣƶ
ݸϵŭһȴԼһ졣һߣȴ֮˶ûз֣ԷϷŪ˹һµ𣬶ŭ
һƱȷ˵İʿŰٿȻһԾ𣬳һ޴İӡ֮⣬Ȼûܵκ˺ҲŲĸ۵˵͵ϮүүֵĸվģȻŭɶʵ̫˥˰Ĳ˵Щ©硣
һ䣬ѾΧʿôЦ
һϣλ̫ƽĵүƣһҲӲ
תͷһȴǽһŮͬ׵Цһɵģһ˴ĵ˿ӣ¶ë׵ؿڣϻ˶Сһ˵ҲǻҲŲΡΡغòЦˡ
Ǵһ˵ǰʿŭ⣬ԭװŪĻ쵰ҵүȡ㹷
ǽ۴󺺿Цվǰ˫ֲվڵЦ̫ƽĹͦԣүһƻ⣬ѵҪүɱ˲ôʶĸϽһСˣ֮ǰλɽÿ˿ͷ¾ˣִүǲ
ǰʿ̣ʹƨδĶҲб˵үTMDȸͱ͸͸
˵֮󣬱ҪһԱߵĺʿһʦ֣С
˵һһգǴ󺺴
Ŀϵʿһı飬ضϼˣδ
ǽ۴󺺺ٺһЦһû⣬һһߡ
˵껰ԷѾ˹赭дһ֡
Сžһ죬ǺʿӵʱһİӡХŷɹȥһ·µµҷž
ȺȻ
ѽСûţղһƹȻġ
԰ɣС춼ǣôƷ
ϵܣɲţ²ʤö٣˵λĸ֡

Һҳһš
ʿȴһ֮飬㶼ص׽۴󺺣ʵڲ֣һֵʱ򣬵ȷһƷ͸۱ܿ˺ʿ񵲵һУա
״ЦǸһ֮ѣһ˰һƵҲƽúܡιǸϵǲҲҪүүҵġơأ
һʱ̣˵Ŀⶼеݸϵϡ
ݸϵһǽ۴󺺺ǣһתͷɴŮλֶΣȻȿͷƷƶǹªţ֪λʦӺˣҲƶʶ
ʿԻȻ벻ǳ֮˲ǽ۴󺺣λɴŮӡ
Ůԣÿ۾üëһ壬˺ᣬҲ
˵ʲôϵٿȻŭ
ǽ۴󺺺ȻЦιϼһǼҹﲻ㻹

ϵǺһγ󳤽ĽٿȻһ⣬ǰһ߶೤Ľʵʣâ²ͣ
ǽ۴һ㶣ϺǣϵģȻȵزӿ¶Ըˣ϶˼ϰɡ
˶ʱһ벻ոջţʹ󺺣ȻôˣֱӰԼĸɵ˳УľλˣҪɵʮꣿʣµ˶ʮͷѵŮӲɣ
Ȼ̬ΪᣬҲп͹ٵĽˣΪŮںòȫпɴڵסµĺۼſ
һˣǱˣҶ÷ѩˣĹ
ոճֽѵ̫ƽ˵ģ÷ѩΪոմҶѧһֱġ׺ּʿɶ񣬷һ֣ѵˡ
ҲΪҶиšھ֡ʢʢͷУ˵͵£ûеһʱ佫Щ̫ƽļһﵱɵû뵽ϵλǹ龳ĸ֣Ҷ͵Ҳǵ͵ˡ
ҶȻһЦҪͷ÷ѩλϵͻȻһﴫһʵЦϵƾǼֽĹλֽ̣δЩ̫д˰ɣ㻹뱣סͽͽǸϽɣô󣬶̫ƽ֮׵

ȺһƬȻ
벻ǰĿϵʿȻ̫ƽųص˵ʦܣó̫ƽƼĹǵˡ
ǡ¡˪̫ƽ󽣿ͣˣ̫ƽֿס˳͢ΧˣԽսԽ£˼ݺôһƬء
벻ھ뼽ңԶݵ򣬾Ȼ󽣿еһʵ˳Ծ
˿̸ԾȴҶû뵽ʱգȻ۵ڣڽԼʶǿ󣬾Ȼȫûиܵһ㣬Ǵʱ˿̣УǸ˵ϣŷ̫ͬҵΪڴ֮ǰԼǸλȻǿһһĺעأ
ֻ֣Ҷдȣͬʱаһִ˶ǾͨĳֲϢǿ󹦷ԼġǱϢҪȻԼܿۡ
ˣΪУԼֵܵǿˡ
Ҷ΢ЦȥĿһλƫƫѹӣ͸ֱͦȳƣòӢһ磬ԵĲɷ¼汸
ʱҡȣЦؿŹϵ˵βȺ硣
Ҷ˿˹һ˵ţֻһ˫۾ֱ÷ѩɴҶ
Ҷɵôһ£÷ѩȴǼȲ߳
Ҷ̲ס˴ӣаСӡTMDǿϱ˰ñ趼ʶ㡭
Ҷʾسס÷ѩļ򣬷ӣ÷ѩһŷȻûκηҶָӡ
ҲһʧЦҡͷǹϵ
װүѰ
Ҷһŭڡ
÷ѩȴǵһοҶһۣ˵ĺЦɫ·ҶֳĳζӦĸȤ
Ҷ̲ס˷ۣһŮ˶񾭲ȻΪ֮ĶʻǼ£Ц˵¡
ʱϹϵγ˶ž棬ǵ˱˵ڽݴΪջɭһ׵˭Ȼϵƶ
Ц˭ҪҪλ㻹Ǳĺá


029 Ծ
˶
ǵŭһͦҪ֡
ڴʱҶͻȻĿ֮»һƣһٿȻΪžžžһԵλɽ˸ϣ𣬵λͬɡ
һʹûվɽ֣Ҷ˲䣬һȣʱ֮ĿƣٿȻվ
һΣǵ˴һǶҲƤһ⣬ٴ´Ҷ
ҶδӰһһ֮侹Ȼʮɾ룬һسɴӾֱӵǰٴƣžžž˱һƣŵȻλͬĪᣬֻΪ̫ƽƽ²Գ֣պҲмѳλѾˡ
һͤʦ̫Ȼɫ˲࣬Աֱڿ۸Ǿʲô˵Ǹղ̫ƽƽİ㣿
ȺʱȻ
ǲǴ˵У޽аô
ϵʿȷǹǵ˵ĻаĿԵȻ󣬵ִ˵壬Ⱦ֮ѷֱ˴˵аôžžžһһƵؾˣ
̫Ц˰ɣ
⡾ƽ˼򵥣ô̫ƽη绢أ
ֻ˵ȻͤȴԴڣȻҲǶǰλ׾ٵ˵аɣԼȷȷڵɫѾȫˣǾԴ˵ʵ
ֻǡ
ѵ˵ڵʵǡƽô
ڣΧ󲿷ʿ뷨ʱǹϵѾɭȻʵ˭ô֪ǡƽôġⲻܣܡٺ٣㶨ѹˡƽЩΪκô޴ϳǡƽҲ޷ΪǵȲǣڵƽҷ仯Զˡ
һɽɫʱ䡣
һȷһ£ǾԼȷ̫ƽġƽ
ڶȷϣղԼʱ򣬵ȷһůȻӦ
ԭϵ˵ˣ߷֣ͬʱǰ׳ֵ˴Ϊŭ
ͤɫһλѣ̫ƽԿģѹˡƽҵ˼˶ô
ɫ仯ȴ̾ϢҲֵܣҲһ⣬ҵǡƽˡɴࡣȻ˲սҲ̫ƽɡ
Աʦ̫һţӷкοɾ壬ҷȱгħ֮ʦԼǣҵҪǰɱ̫ƽˣΪճ
ҶɵÿЦ벻ԼȻᱻ˵ӣΪǸǴƺҲΪߵһ˿мƺҶֳúַΪ
ǹϵ쳤Цŵ֪󱲣Ϊƴ˼ͿӮƶ֮ôһᣬүͷģͶ̫ƽ£үһݽҩǹ꣬ҪǱֵúˣຣҲǲУ
ƨҵаģǡ׷ۡ۶ʱƿڴŭǳ
ʦ̫ţɫֻǿǵ˵Ŀò
ֻǡͤ淺һ˿ԥȻ˼ΪϧͷҲֻתѣλ̬ͬȣҲѹ֮ɲǱýһ㣬νʣңң׼ǹͶа̣ߺߣΪҵ޴ɽôҲǸţ˸ɴࡣ֣ʦ̫һЩ̫ƽʶʶɽ˵ľİɣ
˵ͦһ̣ͤн浴һƬϼ˹ȥ
ҶԭͤǨŭԼ֮ıΪԷȻɣսʤħ˲ڵľľʱ࿴
ⲻΪվԼһߣҪ̬
۵ѡ飬ֱˬ֮ˣ飬ѡʼյƢľ
ʦ̫ѡмᶨ֮˵Ǽᶨŵѡ񡭡
˵ѡϹ̶ģı䡣
Ҳִ֮ˣڳٶĴ˵ٶԣѡȷҲ˵ʼղ䡣ȷ޴ִֹĳһѡǧ겻ϣ״򲻶
ͤͬˣִʵԸΪ˴ﵽԼĿģȨ֮ơ
ͨˣڼΪ˴˼
ǻЭǨͣ踺أǵۡջѹȣ˳ӺЭҪȻľѵġ
ͬڼˣ˼֮˶Լûʱɲʱ̡
ϿȻģΪ׳ʿΪģΪʿֻͨˡǲͨ޴ģ֮ܳΪӢۡ
Ҷϲ˼֮ȷĴˡ
ȻǸɲǼ䣬ͤͽľУվһڣԸϵĥ£ò
ܹպ˵Ľдɡ
ΪվеʧѾľѾᶨǸ߼ҪĽĥ¡
ʱͤһʦ̫ۣһ֣ɲǼ¥գֱ̫ƽĹ
ЦʱȫһصʱȴһЦؿ֣񲻶ϵһԵ÷ѩƺŮӲȤĶ
ͣۼҪ˹ĸǰǹһٿȻЦɽСõүǹɣ
б䣬ʱɫĽͬ֩һٿȻɢ˺ջĿͶеķɳһ㣬˲㱻סһת֩Ҳת˵һԱϡ飬һȻĻû㱻ɢ
㵵
ȥ
һӣ֩ʱɢٰͬγɵɫһ㣬ֻǳһָݵһ콣ӰΧּ㣬ٶȼ죬Ȼ˱ҶҲһ˽ȥ
ȻҪҶڵЩ׵֣һܡ
˺ȻͬʱҲһ˿ɫĲĶ֣Ҫڴ˵ˡ
˾ۼ˱Ҫ콣÷顭
Ҳһתͷ÷ѩҪλüĿļ˼ԼǸʲô龰

ԼԳֽǸһ͹ԼĴͬأ
ìܣ÷ѩɫӣʮֵǵı飬ԼȾΪǵķԼǿĿ侲ȻǷûʲô飬ԼÿǷȻʩչֶβŮһŷġ
Ůֻ÷ѩ¶ɴ֮ľĿ̬ÿȫòѾжϳ÷ѩǵһ次
벻ԼιȻɫǴҲǳ
аЦض÷ѩȴһ˫Ŀƽ쳣ٺ¶һ˿ζʱһΪŮӳĶǷ꣬ǳֵĹɵһ˿𾪡
ŮȻǷ˷ģѵԼһʼ㿴ˣǷˣЩСֶ֮⣬ѵʲôı첻ɣ
ʱתͷ
еɽˣʱĽѾھԾ̬֮УȻٵһʱͻȻһ̾ôĵ֮٣ÿ˶ôأ
ʱѾǰۼҪ͸Ȼ䣬ͬʱеһɾ޴

˱ǹɴֱӳǰĽٿȻԶ롭
һӰͥŲһм䴩˹ȥָһâ֣ӭ콣һָĽâʱĽȫɣǴ˵޼᲻ݵġƼ

ϸܵ𡭡
Ҷǰнâ콣ɣһ֧һʱҶѾɾ룬ĿɿڴĹǵ˸ǰ
ⲻܣ
ǵ˿Ҷָ˲һغ
ǲֻܲǱ˵ĽԼҪ̣мȲܵ顣
ʵϣʮġ̫ƽƼ˵еļƷҲһϣ԰ԳԼĽħŵġһϸ£½һˡ
û뵽ʱգôһ֪ݵСӣԼʮδġƼ
ҶԷָͬģҲǽҿԿ϶ԷԲʱħ֮ˡ
˭


030 ȫѹ
Ҷָ˽ۣɵ˼֮ǰƼʱڶĹǵ˾ĪһֱҶֵҲüͷһҶΪ
ˣҲɽԷͱԼҪᣬв磬似棬Լĳ۽磬Ȼʹκһ书֮͸û˵
ϣʲôʱֳôһŽأҿͥŲһĶ书ͨмḻս飬ǾԲһɡ
һʱ̣һƳۣ÷ѩüĿжĽȻδйһ˿ʻ
Ҷһ˹Ľôų֣΢ЦſŶĹȴǶλͬô˹ִȻԸóԻڵȴ£ѵԼǷô
һʵǾ첻ˡǡǡƽױģ̨ĪϷˣҵȡ
ҶһƽǺǣǶˣ˵νġƽŵеĳƨûʲôһҲɢˡ
Ҷ׵˵ǶʱΧ˺ôЦȴ̫ƽ࣬СȻҶ죬ȴŭʵºˣȻ̫ƽҲ֮ɡ
Ҷ֪ʱͬʱҲǽɽ˵ʱԼһΪպֻҪ̽ҲزסȻһЦţҶ
˻

ۡ
־ȵð𣬹ȻǵһɽȴǾȳΧΧ۵ʿǾȻһ㶣¶һ˿Ȥı
Ҷ⼸λֵǽΪԺյ׵⼸걻ħѹƵ͸Ϊ׵ͳ֮һķǸҳ٣ɿ׵ڶպͬǶ԰׵ʧԭһŵġʮԪϻᡱʵ
ʮɸڶ֮С
ʱҶֵͻڴҵؼһĴ죬ⰲڣħ֮ǰ˴嶼ǣڴΧħŸ֣ͻЩǿʵǾµͷԣºܶ⼸˵ġ
ʱҶһţľͬʱ̾ʢ֮ʿ˼᲻ֶοǸǹ޼ô꣬һλȫûƢȻ
ʱҲдģҶԴħа֮ʿֺݣºȫˣһʦﶼǰУвٻһǹ龳ĸֵ֣ԼԼսʤԷô
һ飬ͻȻԼδֱѾˣԼѾϲǶԷĶ̴֣ȥֻԿ
ǵĿ˸ҶǡɡҶ˵һʵոõǡ̫Ԫ񹦡
嶼һսɡ֮ѾΪܣΪ͵ԵʣǳƺΪСɡͬʱҲʾ롰񡱡ħһ֮вࡣʣҲԽԽС
ҶЦɽֶͬǻȻ򣬽ŶдϲԼˡƽ֮ҶظˣΪʹõĿħ֮һġ̫Ԫ񹦡
ԭΪҶĲζĻɣһα˼ζŲɡ
ǰΪǲԸţֱ֮ԸţʵԭȻֻΪҶ
һ̶ȣͿԱɡơ
ȻͬΪˣαΪ˶˺أ
һԱߵͬŹȻ˹ȵףԱ˸壬Ϊϵ˴ΪΪĹǵɫǺ죬Ѫ
ҶҲһ㶣̲סЦȻͬǵţͬŲͬ·ҪŻ
ǵһҧΪԶүôΣ
֪ԼڽӵĹǵˣڷݿʼƴгһӣȫʩչ̫ƽƼͬʱϡƽٴ֯ǧټƽɵĽҶȫ˹
εɵֵȭƾշģʱı״
ֳֻһһ͵غ£۾Ľ򿪵ɡֱһ㣬˲һ𣬾£ΪΪУΪִһҶֱ
ڴһпҶһнһ֮ʣǵ޴ͻȻ鲻һǽȻԷſƼǿԱתͬٲһԷкȥ
ǵ˻ɢ£æչǵĿƣϴ˵øΪǱ
ǵͤɵľ޴ȻҶԲȦÿһȦҪСһ룬գۼȦȥҶ˫һģǵѾ˫֮ʧΡ
Թ۵˶ľ񹦾ѧֱδţֱƵһˡ
ʱˢغ£ֽȣȻǡħ
ħһ֣ΧʱȻ
ʲô
񼸺ɳΪ׵µӣȻѧϰħŵô
ҶЦһƳŹһۣȻλ̨ЦҵȰ׵ôǵħŹأһԴġңȻȥħšħЩƣǻ˹ֶΰˣ书ķڣħĴһ·
˵ʱȻͷԭԴĹֻǻ˹ַҲǣħŹȻҪħķҶһڣһǵŹôħžѧأ
ڶʿɵöûº˵˵ŹӵͿ˼֡
ԱߵĹ߳ԳޣһСװ࣬Ȼ֮ͥڮҸ϶治֪ʲôģ
Źɫʱһðһɱ
ҶӶΪаˬһЩԼȫ֪ȫܣͻԶԷ֪ˬҲǿҵ
Ҷ̲סЦָŹ˵ʲô£ʹɣҪ⼸λݵѽѵѵͽ
ʣ
ǵ˫ͨ죬ħʦ˳ԶӹҶ˫ԾַӲƴһǡ
ǵ˳ֱðҶ˫ּâ
ٿطֿҶڵվٳɶ֣֮ǵ˽ȴ˵Ѿ³ˡ
кѵĽǷȫݷ׼һʯ쾪Ĺơ


031 
߶ڴҶܹѹסŵĹǵ˶Ǵкá
ǵɫ࣬ȵҶѸղõĿַѧɣ
ԭΪ似ͽҲҶǹ̶һҶ൱ܻԸһ㣬ȻӴǳ˸Է˫ϵһǣ֮·һ㣬ȻԼĹƫƣԲ˺ʡ
ҶЦһ˼ҲԴĹΪתơٺ٣жתλָ㻹Ǿ䣡
ߺôЦǵ˸ɫзϣ֪žѧĽСתơΪǶԷϷŪԼ
Աߵɫѿ
ǸղҶָʹġ񽣡ԡңġڤ񹦡ϲѧļӣȻûмû˵ղѧԴûпԭСʹļžѧԴͷǱѰˡ
һԴ񹦾ѵСǴ˵е·˲
ۼǹǵ˰ܾѶȥҲȡ裬Լԭǰһ˼ҶСӳ˷ͷжپ
ʱǵעҪȥȫҶ°һһӰʧ
ʱҶǵ˽֣С񽣡зƵֻһ󿪴ϵг彣ѾùǵƣӦ׼һƷ
ͻȻ䣬˼Ӱһ֮ʣ飬Լǣһƾḧ֮ϣҶͻȻоѨλһ飬ԭƥг彣ȻȻֹʹƺղһ½ӴԼѨһ֮ԼĳͨñĽʱͣ
ҶüͷһסԼĸѾ˶ĹǵˣЦһٿҶ԰꣬ǵ֮ìܻδأ
һδˣŹֽȻ򿪡ϡ㡢̡򿳣ͬһӰõĲѾǵսһ
ǹǵ˾ŭֹֻغϼ䣬ҶŹеֽȶһķ縧˹ǵֱ֮ϣǹǵ˳һ߶೤ĽȻֹԼղŵһޡ
ǵ˾һˣŹεȥȻѸװشӰǵˣֻһᣬǹǵ˶ʱͬСèһ㱻У֫Ӳ´һڵϣǵ˻սʹһ
ܹսʿʱ
һ¿ó棬˵ǵһζбһ𣬱أ֮Ǹ߸ݵѱڰգδŹʹʲô书ַ
˭
ô˿£Ȼʽ̫֮ƽĹǵˣ
⣬⹦Ҳ˰ɣ
Źӵ۾ǹǵˣЦϵ֪µֶ˰ɣ˵ġ̫ƽƼ©ٳȡ裬㻹ţжӲʲôʸȥλ
Ҷʱüͷ壬аѽ쵰ҵӣ
ǹǵ˱סţãҶȻǹַûа취ֻһָһһڵ棬ʱһӡ
ŹһȻҲδϵҶ֮ذԼʱֶ俴˼֡
ʱǱסŵĹǵ˫Ųͣŭ
ǵߵ׼ʿ̸֮ɫ䣬֪Ͻ֮Ϊ˵ãǶԿֶ̫·磬˿̾Ȼⲻ֪ŹӸУ˫Ĵ࣬ƶһ㣬ȫ޷֮ܣ޲Ī
ǵ־ŭ˼ȴѣһԵ̫ƽּ龰޲Ȼʧɫû⡣
ǵŭʣ㵽Ǻˣô֪Щ
ԭǵġ̫ƽƼһھһססȫȲţҲ޷ޣȫͬʬȫʧȥ
ԭֻ̫ƽʦص֪벻׵ǣΪʲôǰδҲ֪أ˵ģ
ŹЦôΪҲ֪书еô̫ƽƼȺ켶ѧڱӵϣ³˵书ʲô˲ô
ǵͷ󺹣ɫ㵽˭
Ź죬赭дĵû˵ҵ֣Ҳ˵ֻ˵ƾèĹԸˣֱǳ롣㾹Ȼѵλǰ⼸λܣٺ٣ƾ΢ĩҲ䣿ȹªţ֪֮Եⲻ˵
ǵŭӱ͵ϮңҺбǴ´
ŹӹһЦã
˵Ҳֱֻľ£ǵ˾һƷɹ׳ȥɾԶ
ǹǵһŹӵ˲֮󣬰һͦһֱۿҪվλôλɲҪ˼밡
ǵ˾һ͵һȥոͻһۣвȫʱ飬ĴȥֱڿУԭѱҶ編ƣ繷һС
ַٶȣȻŹһޣǵⱲӶûôǱȻС繷һУϷˣ˹ǰ档
Ա̫ƽֻһۣʱ֪ȥתͱŴ˹ȥҪԽӡ
һλȥ
ͬʱ˸еһӴԭǰ˵ƿһٰʮȴת䣬ֱ˻Ҷࡣ
ʱҪվȣϥؽ͵һʹϮͨһ˸ɽֹ
ͤ˾ȳҶЦλ˻ˣ°ɣ
ӣǶλ飬ͷ
ʦ̫ɫùӷ𣬶ͤȴЦݣ֮
⻹꣬Ҷٴһ֣ٴηԾɾ룬Ա߿ֵȺǰ֮ǰ˳Գλֺͣǹڵء
ҶЦλôҪɽ֣λúǶˣѵùģ
˵꣬ӣǶǡ
еĺ󺺹һЦλˣɱֵܼô
ٴδЦ
߷ѵھƣڲԣΨеŭӡ
ҶǲͣһŹǵ˵ĺӣһֽʿڶ࿴ֵʿ棬ѹŶ˹򵹿ͷЩˣʳͣƹģСΪǶ˵Եʣ˶پţǾͲֺܣݵĽúǵԼ˭ҵҰѵΪô
ã
Ҷļ˷ӣʱݰյĺøС
˼ѹ֮ҶͶƣڳʿһڶʱЩеӢۡ


032 ˫۶Ծ
ҶһƯݵĽʿ˼õӡ󣬱ԼĿɽˣҲɹ˼
Աߵɽ鼤ȻҶͱǶҪСһأۼȴѼҶΪֳͷǴΪѡ
ҶеĹǵȴɫͨ죬ҪѪ
Źӿüͷ壬ڳͷҶΪԼſǹǵԭҪٴνƷӢǰ棬Ҳչ¶һԼĹŮһû뵽Լʶơ̫ƽƼַȻҶѧ˹ȥʩΪͬ˹ǵˣʹԼԼƻ˳ɿգŹ´ޣ̲סǺһЦλѣ֮ΣɲӢΪǵ˵飬ֲ֣
ҶüëһЦλ˵Ȥƺ֮ɣ
ȺȻЦ
÷ѩȡЦ˹ǵˣǵײ÷ѩεĳͻ˭Ҳû;ôһλΪŮͷӲĲ˽˿˷ȷ˾úЦ
ŹɫһЦһ˵Ȥ˧췲Դδйռҵı˻Եġ
˧췲
İ֡
ҶԿ϶һӶû֣Ȼİǰ֮˵ȴǼȺ˵ģȻԷľ翴Լ޼־ѹȸУȴǺܹġ
ֻѧٸߣţҶ㣿
΢΢һЦҶָյѣȻ̨֮أ
˧췲һЦҶ£Ȼϵݰһ˧ĳȻҪҶֽһˣ
һ䣬˧췲ٿȻʧԭأԼٶȹҶ
ҶȻΪֵĿٶʧݣУ˧췲ƴӰǰ̤ٶĲǵصҶȥ˿ַԲɵĿռ䣬㡣
ƷṦ
۽ٶȣҶҲ̾硣
Ҷһ֣貨΢ֻ̣һٿȻõ˧췲·ϵһ֪࣬ԼǿУд
һŵĹǵѨֱɽ˵˷һλλ̨
Ҷżһóȥߣͬʱǰ˧췲ʮƣֳأͬɽһ㣬һʤһأɽѹ˹
ǡɽơġ
ȻԷṦȭŹԼֽ̣ҶȻҲʹͬ似⡭
ȫǳҶĽ
˭书ࣿҶκˡ
úã˧췲һоһͬһʱ䣬һƥſɽʯ
һҶڣĲɱ飬Ҳ̲סҪһ
һŵ
֪˧췲һŵĿСʹȻһžͻʱľޣʹֱеƻ˧췲ǰػȸԷС
ȫġ
󷢵ĽɿԼһƣ
룬оȴβƵءʵڡ
Ҷһ貨΢ʩչ˼£ٿȻת
ͻȻ˧췲ǰңͬ⽫⡰͵ŶԷѹ˹ԷǱеһȥΪʧȥ˹Ķ󣬶
˧췲ȻһЦͷȻף
ǱһȻһ٣ͬʢľջһӰ͵ľסȫ£ȫ޹Ŀ꣬ҲȫûκĿġ
飡
ȫ˼ģҶʵʵһ˧췲ĿĵһţȴڿнʵʵӲƴһǣŷ˫֪Էһ㣬Ӱͬʱɢ񱩵һӡ֤һ¡
ˣ
һ𵴲ھ¥汬ǿʱ¥Աȫ˳ȥ
¥Ŵȫ˾Ǳҹͬ÷ѩĸֶǲⱻɵˡ
Ҷһ˧췲ϣٴΣǰλӰؿ٣˵÷ѩ˴ӿûеùر׳⡣
˧췲˺󼸲֮ɫƣҶֺûƷۼֻѾڡ֡͡ơ֮£Ϊνϴû˵
Ҷ÷ѩãȻص˧û˵ȴδǽûеģѵ˧ΪԼļʶʶѧô
˧췲һЦ˧ĳԿ䣬ѧʮɣ˧ĳʶþųɾţȻ˵Ķ˧ĳ۵ѧֻǳȼµѧˡ˧ĳмһˣ
Ҷû˵ǱƷ˳ȥĹһ˳ڹ˵øʲôšɽơ˰˾ĺ켶ѧû˵ȻǶԵˣΪź켶ѧҲҸ϶Դģ
ʲô켶ҲԴģܣⲻܡ˧췲ʱסۼʶ˫ȻŽѧԸΪֹҲûгɹԴһŻƼϵѧǺ켶ѧˡ
ѵǰˣǱԼҪѧŲɣⲻܡ
ǰҶǸϰʮǻ˵ùȥʵ̫ˣôȾԴ񹦾أ
˧췲ľδֹͣǹﲻݵִȵɣµ󡣬Ҹ϶Ĺ㣬ǲǼţʮţϰŵ񹦾κһóԴ
˵˵Ǳ˻ô˧췲һ˲˹ŭҡײƭĿͽ쿴ţƤ
ʱ˧췲ѾȫԼĳԣΪܵҶĴ̼ŭ֮ٴȫ
ҶЩŭص˶ĹһֵۣȴǺòõӭϡ
һ˧췲ĹͻȻһ֮ǰĿѸͣöֻһȭ¥Ŀռȴȫ·ϮĲһȭǾ춯صǡ
ư磬죬Сϵ£ΨҶ𡱵ζ
¥֮ǱȺǲŹǰѵһĸֶԾˣɽ˵λǿ̾ѣήɵڵϵĹǵȴۺȻ֮ɫơ
֮ǰҾͨǡɢ֡ڵǡΨҶȭ˵˭ôôʧ񹦾˧ѵѵǴˣ
ǵ˶ʱԼĲ²һɵְûڣôĪصأ
˧췲ضԵһȭ쭣ķͬʱ˲䵽ǰһߴ
Ҷٱ籩ķУ޼᲻ݵĻԷĵȴ˾ƽž
籩ٿֹ
һȻĪɵͬʱڲѹ


033 
ΪΣѵʱ̣Ҷ۷徳磬ȴǺȻ۾ϣǰ飬󣬺ڡ
Ħڭ޹ĸӦ֮£ת·ظˡۡǰȥҪĶ࣬ÿһ˿·ߺͱ仯ʱҶȻġ
ֻǶֵһȭ֮ѾеĻΣѾ޽ӽ۷壬ѧֻֻС֡ǰļ˲пĵǰ֮ˣͲʮ߰꣬ȷʵʵ˵
ƾǰ˺ѵأҶɱһŵĵ
˧췲Ϯ˲䣬Ҷ˫͵һʱɰǧӰѹ˳ȥͬһʢ޻лȭָơӡǧ򻯣˫˲ѹƵһ

һ꽽ڰŽҶϵ죬ֶܶݣ
Ҷȭ˲䵴գÿһн·ϣҶԡɽ÷֡ضϣ˸ԴˮٿȻжϡ
˧췲ȻɫɫصصʲôôҲ᡾ɢ֡
ҶȻһЦʲôɢ֡ˡû˵
Ҹ϶Դġɽ÷֡ǹƨָٱ
ˣҶĺֹţƤ˧췲Ц˧书ҶĳҲǼϲҲڣҲ˧ֽһΣ
˧췲ĿһȵãҶ˱˧ĳʶһҶֵľ
䣬ҶѾƮȻһҶƮ㣬˧췲ͷϷֻǶһӡ£ȴٿȻɫ
˧ӡ֤һСɽơ
һ֮ǵأѹӵָɽһ㣬صɽʮ֮һġɽơ
ɽԨء
һ֮һɽͷѹ£޻֮仯ֻۻΪΨһҪ˧췲ոʹ֮ΨҶȭ֮ͬ
ɣǰһʱ䣬ܽڵ﷢Ҷίʵ˾ͬʱƷٳڽ֮ϣʶӢҲ಻Ʒ
Ϊ˵˧췲طضʧˣؼֻʣҶҲҶֻһĴɽ
ҶڼԶǰ
־ϵĴʯ֮಻˲С
һʰϯ
ǰпռ·һ㣬εضԭأֻʣӲƴһ;
˧췲ҲܣԸ̬ΪոԼһУҶѾֵڻԼǾʹӱܣ񲻵ͬһ㣿
ҶġɽơаӲӲԺƽӦǡΨҶȭɶҶʼգͬĹûùεģԼǴʱáΨҶȭʾ
ļǿ˧췲ô˻µһѧţСѧ似ûһǧҲа˰٣ŶΪ֮ͷƤľ񹦣޵һҶ䣿
ǰҶƾһɽѹ˧췲˫ֺƣһϽ̨еһͬʱӿȵĲУԼΪƺһ
ֳʱͬ籩󺣣Хŭβ˱ϲˣļս˧췲ȫ۷Ը߾ٹĺʲ˫ƿʼֳĲƣͬʱӿǰӿȥ
һ𣬷Ʊɫ¥˶ʱеĸоָоΪʵ˶˲䱻ˮʪ
˧췲ƶѺǺʲ˫Ʊͷǣӭͷɽײȥ·ҪײڵסĴɽһ㣬ص
ࣣ
ָȭӣٴɢ¥ٴαܴݲУ˲䣬Ȼֱ̮ӱһкõ
һȴͨľƿͺ΢ĽʿѾ·ˣʣµĽһβãʱԴӴλ÷˳ȥֱٽֵݶϡ
Ϊ˵Ҷ˫һӴ˲䣬ȫ
˧췲һ䣬ֱͬڣǾʿţʹʴӣ֪ӦһźãƽӲ˺롣
ҶȻиĲͬΪֻͣǶ˶壬ж˶Էľáڤ񹦡˹޸׸һƮ¥ֶϣȫд⡣
˧췲Ʈֶһ¥ϣҶɫЩ֮⣬һ֮ǰ״
¥ƹſԭ¥ŴȰѣ֪ԼʲôùȻôλɷǣ컯֮£ɵذԼӪһӵӪˣָŭԣֻöڵϴޣԱߵһɻƳҲᣬһ˥̾Ϣѡ
ҶŲ̣ȵƹĪҪˣ⴦¥⳥ˣ¥ˣԸ㽨õġ
ƹĵʱһ㶣ʵ㣬˵Ŀǵ棡
һҸ϶Ļˣ㣿һ߿ɥȥǰۣ
ƹĴʱŷԼһλӵɷм䣬ŵһ°ھܣ
Ÿݷ⣬ô׳
ǵĵƻʹ˸е⴦ɽˮ㣬µĺŦ
˧췲ٿȻЦҶ˵ãһ֮Ӳȥ˧ĳΪ¼޼˿ɵֵһУȻһ˧ĳδȫҶ˵زȴ˧ĳⲻѣǰΪҶֲǹ֮һȴʵ顣ҿıԾ͵Ϊɣ
ҶɵʧһЦԷ˧췲ֹʵĺ޳ܷѵһµҪҲԼþŵֵסԼһƣȴ˵Լǿס˶Էһƣʱս䣬·Լռ˶һ㣬˲ˬ
ҶɵЦ˧书ȷҶĳѵ֣ͬˣʵź˧ּȻΪԵΪֹҶĳҲǿѡ˧֮ǰùѧǽʧѾõĸѧҶĳδҲĳЩ伮мأܲ³ѧƣΨһСȴǼѵһȻżв²⣬ȴܾò̫϶˧ֿɷһأ
ҶҲϵ˧췲ʲôصļҳͻʶҲãԷʹһҲȷ˧췲˵ģȭⲪжϣ·𲢲Ȼ²˧췲Ϊ֮ǹȫѧȴǷȻսӰ쵽ر仯Ѿ˼֡ζҶһ¡
˧췲һ㶣¶˼ı顣
ҶҲЦȻ˧вף˵ҲӦãҶĳʧ񡭡
˵һת÷ѩʾȥ
ʱ˧췲ͻȻȵҶּǵˣ˧ĳõй򣬱ǧǰġ
ʲô
ҶȻͷͬʱ䶯ģڳʿ


034 ɮԲ

Ȼⲿá񡱰ҡաȥ񹦣
Ӧ֮ͭô
Ⱥĳȣʱ˸롭
Ĳ˵ϢԺ䶯֣
Ҷ˼Ƭ̧̣ͷŶ˧췲Ȼ̨Ȼ棬Ҷл̨ˣҶĳҲһȰȻǡ񡯾ѧպٲ˻մһ˧ֻҪǡ
˧췲һЦৡٴδеֽȣȻҶ˵ЩôģֻҪǲµ鷳Ҳ֤û鷳ǲ֪ô²˳Щǧź
ҶɫģҲ˵һȥ
˧췲ҶԶɫЩʧ俴÷ѩȵˣͬһ㣬˵Ҷߵλһ÷ѩˡһҹº÷ѩΪǣǿᣬû뵽һ˫۾Ѿ˳ѷˡ÷ѩ֣ˣΣһҪõ㣡
˧췲ݣѾڽͷǾƹƹԣֻһУһƱѾƹϣȻЩӹ˰ɣ
ƹϸһһ
òͷҧˣæͷˣˣʮˡ
Ǳã
˧췲ýʲôҶһȴôҲԸҶһ٣ӰٿȻɢʧ١
δʱҶ˱뿪Ͻ֣ҶͷԺͷȥƹ̸̸Ҫ˼ҶǮ˼һЩϾ˼⣬ҲҪġ
һԵĹ̲סֲֹ£ƾʲô⣿
ɽ˵ͤҲЦλ˵ļǣⱾͲҶֵΣαأȻݵؽ磬ҶҲΪʦֵܳͷҿεʧɽ֧ɡ
ۺʦ̫ͬ
Ҷǫá
ԱߵĹ̾˿λ治ˬˣڴ˲ȥҪѰ˼Լʲô
˵תߵԱǷͬĹϵԣҿ˼ֵ֮ǳѪˡ
˵굽ǻһڣȻӹϵͳһƱһһŵģֻ²¼ʮţ¾ҶҲһ
ϵôô
ԭһ·ܵܲΪɽˮİɡ
Ҷʶؾ⣬Ȼǳ굱˵Ļ֪ôҵŵĶһִǹϵĵ﷭һв㣬һϷżֻ˴һ
Ͽдšݻ̹ʹ̨¿ǡ̫ƽ˰ϡ
Ҷ˵ż˿ϸһݲЩάĻûоݣڴʵʣӦûڹǵ˵Դ
벻ǵԶǧ֮⣬ĿľȻΪ˸а֮һİݻ̻๴ᡣ
Ҷһݻ̾򣬾ݲһƬɽȻмǼ壬ݻԭɱȽҪɵĶࡣ
ݷսӥţѾ˫ӦɸΪס
Ϊ˵ѹڴˣѰ֧ͬü޵һ¡
Ҳ
ҶĲ㻶ХһȴⱣɫأԱͬɫܻɽ˵λͬ¹شݲǵ֮¹ԭְΣҿͬλһѺǵһȥ֮Уɳжɡ
˻һۣɵôΪ⶯æصͷͬ⣬л
Ҷױܻɽ˵ĺøУ²ɵôϲȻԼ뷨ȸ㶨ţܹɽиùϵ֮ڴΪ
һжõķչ֮ʱͻȻԶһɤλѣɽ˵£Ͳ˲˰ɣ
Ҷһ̧ͷֻβһ󸹱㡢ͺֵĴгĿΪ׶񣬳źɫģ¶ŴƤë׵ëľӣСзۣ溮бƳ۾ؿҶ
һҶȻüͷԱߵȴǾһǰʩͤۡ棬Բʦ塭
Ҷ¶ȻɫԭǸġɮԲֲƢôԼûһ棬μôԵģǿǵԷڽϵĶԷô˵ǸԼˡ
ȻԷǽᣬôҲŴɵǰԼϲ̫ʧǰʩҶ
֪ԼֻǸ˵˰仰ǡɮԲһת㳯űѨĹǵ˹ȥһߣһߵ֪˭ҲʶֶΡߣ֮ͥ¶֣˰հΣ㻹ɵӣʦ˽ô
Բһ󼥷ʱǵ˴ŭͤΣ֪ǺãƿڴȴҶŭһۣ˵
ҶЦЦлǰָ㣬պԻ
Բһ֣֪ľͺãүƢãĺͰ䣬ɱɱǵİǳɹһͲ֪ߵغ񡭡´һ¹ǵˣٺһЦιţӣϵҷүô
ǵ俴һۣЦⲻƤ𣬹ϡɵԲôô֮ʮ꣬㻹û
÷ѩ͡һЦ˳ԭɮǸƤĴ䣬÷ѩЩʹ
Բһ죬÷ѩһȻŮһʶֻǶԱߵҶ˵ô˽°ɣ̫ƽͰݻ̹飬Ի棬ֵ£ʿʵĺá
ʦ壬⡭ͤæǰȰ衣
Բŭ죬˵ķݶô˳ȥ
ͤɫ࣬ڴˣ治ҹ֣ԲʵҲȷʵǿȻǹǵ䣬ʵ϶˵Ĺٲ֮䣬֮ڣѷ£Ѻ͹ǵˣҲݻʲô⡣
ҶЩգ治¶ɫ̹ȻȻԲǰԸܲӡ
һ̲סʦ壬ǵҶֵץסģ˲ף˵߾ʹߣ
ԲС۾һᣬŭǸ˭˵ף˵ʦô
ۻҪ磬ȴһԵͤһ£ʱٿ
ԲУɽɽɽһĳϣɽĻ˺Ȼǳˣạ̊́Ҳһϣڶͷʹѣ㼺ռŵҲǱԷܲˣ¡
ͤôһ۵Ȼ֪ôһ£ֻ㬵Ҷ˵гǸͰĪı顣


035 Ԫ
Բ۾бƳҶƺѵ⼸ͬź󱲲⣬һĻҪŭҶģ
ҶȻһЦȻԲǰ˼֣Ǵ˱㽻ǰ߰ɡ
϶⡭ҪֹȴҶһֹжԲйһЦ૵ţãϣЩ֪֮һ֣¡
ʲô۾һŭʵ
õĶ
㡭ŭ
Ҷ
ֲʵؽոżݸԲ

Ҷüͷһ壬Ҫҵġ
Բ۾һɣֵ飬үԻǰȥ⳥ĸģʮӣб˽ң
Ҷ˵ͷȻǰ˵ˡǺã¾ͽǰˡ
˵ȫԲС
Բнӹһ̬ͷͤ˵վŸʲôҰ˴ߣֶŭΪˣúУɽʲôͷҵ֮ɽĶʦ㣬úóͷ㡣
ʦ̫ţͷ˫ֲͣŷ飬ȻзŭѼ
⡰ɮԲôһڣȻŭԹᡣ
ͤҶʾǸڳ֮ǹǵڵ̫ƽѺ뿪
λݲǶȾ֮أʶĻЩȥĺãǻ˵֮׵ɮԲٺЦҶ˵һ䣬תȻȥ
Ӿͺһĭһʱƽ
ֻ÷ѩҶһ޶Եģһڶƽ̲סԹ˵϶ǿ湻ҵģ˵ô˵һ仰Ϊ£ɽˣͶ˼ҵİίȫֻҲ˼ҵĺɫͬˣӡ
óιˣ˵޹˼ɣһθôҶ˵
Ա÷ѩͺҲǶҶʲô˼
ҶǺһЦתͷˣҲñ
ͷʦʲôԭ򡭡
أҶЦſ÷ѩ
˭֪ʲô⡭÷ѩûط°ۣתͷ𴦡
ҶʧһЦܱ˵ʵҲȷҲһһֺɽˣΪһһûͨҴŹǵɴӰתΪ̫ƽͰݻ̵ĿꡣڸղţֵĿɲԲôһ֣Բʮ֮ڣ뻹龳ϵĸ֣һѾ׺ԲǸȥ̫ƽˣǰݻ̽ͷһǻؿջϢҪԸȥһ
Ҷһ˵˷ŻȻ
ԭղҶѾ⣬ԲʾĿǿһԵﵽǺηʥ
ʵǡھ֡ʢүǼ¡
Ҷüͷһ壬˵ʢүӶʧڷͬСɣԭİŵڷŸ棬ȲҪż롮ھ֡˻ϣѦүһʱ䣬ҵĿͨƣһ±ص˾̽ŸЩףûʲôϢúô̽һ¡
ӹҶͭƣ뻳С
ˣҪأھ¥¶ݣֻò˶þ˰жˣҶСġ
÷ѩ΢΢һЦò㵣ģҿɲĽ˿ȸ
˵һתˡ
ҶӱӣһɵЦĹʹɫæȥ
˰׵֮ҶͷԲȥķһȴһһ˹ȥ

ŸһһСĴй䣬ʱԵпǾŮЩ΢΢
ˡ
Ů÷ѩˣòʣָ߸ϣȴԶ䵭Ůעŷˡ
÷ѩǶǵ˧췲ɵЩˡ
ƿݿ¡ۻ軨ףȴһٿȻ˧췲󣬹ֵعֵǻˡ
˧췲ӳٿȻѣüۼٿȻ飬Ȼǽɣ
ǣ
ףֻǸոճȥƬ̣һ紵ϳϥ򵹵һŮеһԲһǸŮȴǧģ˳ٸľϡ
¼ͬ˵
˧췲ͷҲأʵˣ
еİԲ׳ǰϥа벽һйַȥ
˧췲ȡ˹һһ¾ɷƵƤ·ĹʣὫ򿪣һС˸ͼд֡
Ҷڴ˴һΡԶɽھ֡ɱ֮ھ֡ʹʧڻҲġͼƬ
һСġͼƬһƬаСС飬ҲСҶҲͬ飬ܴյһֻԭġͼҲѾյ߰˰ˡ
ͼ½ϵġ챦һ˵šաؼأߵУżΪҪ塣
˧췲ĿⲻɵЩɵؿ鲻Ƥ˵챦ͨ赡ʯħʬ߲ͭ͡ʯħʬֱ߲͡ΪƹħźʹУܣͨ赡֪٣ͭδ⡮աܾȻǧܹƽ⡣ߺߣ˶Ŀ챦ϣΪһ֪ٵġͭԴȴû뵽ǧǰһм¼աؼθ׺λˡ
ڱ޵۲ΰԣ˫
ô
̶ûжٷӦ˧췲һξȻ¶һ˿ѵõĳɣһ˵ǰȥ
ߣ
飡
ߵͬʱ˧췲ǰͻһƣǹȻһ𣬽źȻΪһ촷ۣǡİʽֻ֮ȿȫĹص㣬˾
ص˶ǼһѪĿ³̲ס˶ͷð֪˵˻ǵˣ±һɨУٿȻһ̲òࡣ
ŮòŵʵǺŭ
һԴëѮҲʵдˣԸΪժ˵ĸ¾ƣ
˧췲һ˵ǺǺһЦȻǣδǸ˵Ķ֡˵˻ء
Ѯһ㶣̧ͷʵ˵Ǻˣ
˧췲Ǹɱ࣬ǹҶ
ʲôҲ˷Ÿ
ħȻŭڵشӵϴ


036 ħӰа
ҶȻ벻ոճֵ˧췲Ȼʥʱ˿̣һһͶ𴦡
ɫҹϴ쬵ĳ磬ùڸҸĵҡҷ졣
׷ȥķǸ͵ԼֳԲе˷׷ȥǸˡ
ȻԷмΪأҶʶԶԶ˶ԷֻҪһΧصͽҶ֪Էںδ
ҶԼŴӡʶܶĦڭǾֳⱾĸӦβѣһ˲ỳԼһ㣬ָоȻƮ죬ʵ顣
Ӧصĵʶĩʶйء
ڴʱǰԼٵͻȻһһҶɲҲһߣϸơ
²ΪڴͣʱͻȻԶӰһһŻһԾֱֵ߱ӹ
ҶæǱϢתǱסΣֻһƵϷǰӹв»Ÿˡ
ֻǲ˲䣬ҶѿŻǸΡΡ󺺣ʮ꿪⣬ͺĿֺбüޣסЩɫΪģëͷüë룬ëΪɫϵĻۣһȼյĻһ㣬ֻǴԱƿնȥǺһųҵĻһ˺ѳ
ҶɵúȻ˵˭ȻĻԹЮŵǸոսԲе˵Ĺǵˡ
źӰȺ׷һλԲС
벻Լֻ뿪ôһʱ䣬Ѿ˽˹ǵˣԲл治һķ
Īǽ߹ǵ˵ǰݻ̵ĸ֣
Ǵʱһ෿ϵģǺˣ
ɻ䣬صĸѾǻϵֵķ׷ȥ
ҶҲŻæ׷ȥ
ǻϵִŹǵǰԲе˽׷ں֮ظ֣Ҷ
ǰ󼸷׷졣
Ҷ֪Ĺؼǽ߹ǵ˵Ļϵϣʶƾ׿Խ͸й٣ǻϵ֣һ棬ҶоǱһԵҲǸҪʶҲɶĹģһֱɣʱע
ǷԲУѱٳ⣬Ĵ
ȻûֵԲоͱǻϵʹһթֶθ˿һܻĳԺƿڴ
ǽŻϵֵˣԼһɰظȥǻϵȻϵĸ֣ɲϷɣʹֶΣٴζ㽫߰е׷˦˻̵ظȥҶɵö۸ࡣ
ڻǻϵּһһԺ֮ʱзӵķѾ΢ı仯бϣػ棬ȻѸԶȥƿնȥӰ
ҶȴԺ֮ٿͣаһңոƾ賬˵Ķϵǰӿ죬Ҫ˶Էƻľ֮ơ
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Ҷ벻װɹǵ˺ͻϵֵ£ȻĳȻͷߣʹ޴룬׷ʧ
ȺϵֶȻǷŸĵͷߣϤΣҪƲ˵׷٣Ӧ׾١
׷Զȥ֮󣬻ϵֲŹǵ˴һ뿪Ҷһһ죬ڵȼһŻ棬һӣһ浶âһǽһƬĽۣܸǻϵֶȥ
ǻϵȻΪѾȫ׷ںխҲ壬Ƭǽһձӣڡ
ҶСβǻڴˣ书಻㴿ƾŸоʶ׷٣ϵҲãȻ֪¶вء
ҪӺҶףٿֹֻĿ񷿵ǽͷֳһʵӰѸǽߣԾݶѲ󣬲ʧ
ҶĵӣҪһΪϳֺµˣȻǾӲ֡צ
ԼղóȻΧǽӹĶĿͻϵּлû뿪
ϻ쵰Դ޼֮δˣ벻ʱȻͶħŵĸ֣ʱζʲô
ѵݻ̡̫ƽаħŹһô
Ǿŵ飡
Ϊħ̫ƽݻ̡̣а֮ȫصģ漰⣬ħһҶԼֲ꣬ôԸԼʤʵأ
а֮ĽЩܣҾ˵֮ǰѾйһ조ᡱٿѾǹϵˡ
ĽкպҶ׼ʱԥǽլӵĺԺݺ󣬹˫պò׽ϵֵ˵
ʵֵĻϵֳ֣㿴Ǹαϵڲǣܹõݻʥʥ䣬ʥǰǴһ
ڼӹǵ˵ȴǶǻϵ˵жʵ⣿ΪǻһмͶڵģôͻȻ֮ӣŬֺƵȻʥΣ˵ûлɣȴǲܵģõʥʲôôȴЩˡͽûãȥͽ롢Ολá
ֻⷬԴҶ֪λϵԭǻڵֻû뵽λ˵һ򲻷ƵеĻȻĿֺֻƵС
һЦ֣ĳҲʱľһʥϵĻϵĳ棬õֻҪݻѧʥľ±书һ¥ڶٺ٣ȸʥԵ鱻ƿˣڲ֪ˣȻʥΪ˱ӣҲΪ˲ȸǣȥΪʥйŭĶĳҲֻñʥʾáΪʲôѰ֣롢ΟλߺߣĳѣཻͬȥСĵĳȻƤûȵز
󣬳˼Ƭ̣ѵĳҶҪ̨ȫֻҪõݻ̵ʥʥǴһħŴݻ޳֮ͽаǳ¼ʥľȸޣһɰˡ
˶лˣ
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˵֮ϢһȻͬʧһ㣬ҶǴ˿вϣݶ֮ϡ


037 ʥʹ
Ҷд棬ҪʲôֶƭǵˣӼ͵
ͬʱҲĻᱻľжϣԼġǱϢĽƵСɼؼ֣ǰ޼˾ռĵʥɱ񣬲бʶƵĿܣ֣ȫ޷Լ
һ֮ǹǵ˵
ǵܿˣʹһίˡ
ǵһ̨ǰݻ̵ʥʹ
ȵձ徻ʥһ´¹ǰʹͺԶȣݼǵѣµĹʥơ
Ȼǵ˽ӹʲôһžϲȻǹʹߣ벻ϵѳ飬Ǳ̨ȡ
̾Ϣϧ¹ޣȵ˵ѣȴȲõѵλ
죬СˡεҲǶȻҲд˲ء
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ǵл
ǵתãæһתǵѣ²˳٣Ŵʦõʥ֮Ѿؽɴ¾ܴϢѵ֪ʥҰݻ̸ϵش󣬻벻ߴͽ̣̱زк񱨡
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⵹ǡʦѰءбǽʱ򣬽ҵõʥ䣬⽻ģ¹شȴܲعأϢֱӷϡ
ŶһЦǵѲԣʲôҪ󾡹ݻ̫ƽΪѣֵܹ֧ģġ
ǵ˿ЦȻˣǻͺԶֳһ½ͷɡ
ôǵֺαأѵµݲɣ
ǺǣͺԶ˵ЦˣȻްȴǲܻ֮ʱʦԣﲻˣҲǴ⽻²ҲʦѵͺԶָΥĿͲɣ
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ǵ˸ЦһңŶǺǣԭ̨̽ƶǲˡҲգȻ˫󣬻̨ԺƬ̣ȥȥ
סҪݵĹǵˣȥ
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צһûٺЦǵѣ˵ˣǰݻ̵ĹǰʹҲȷͺԶȣֻ󲿷ֻ֪һݶѡ
ϻôʲôȻԸ˵ֱӽʥˣʥŵֶΣ˵֪ʥһԶ˵֪κ£ֻǱһ׳նѡ
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ߺߣԾΣ˵
ֵҪ󹦵ԸʵˣǻǿתƳȥǰݻ̵ΧȻǰϵþˣһᱩ¶š
ЦûдأЩԼҲ⽫ȥǵĹ񡭡
صôֱֻʥźͰݻ̵ĳͻʥֻ»ᶯŭɣ
µصİɣʥŵ֮ҪݻһսȵǳӲٽǣ罫һ򾡡ϵߺߣȥ֮ԹʥĹֻҪʩ깦֤ûа˿أʱֹʥ䣬̫ƽʵҲһաʱϻͷϲϽʥ
Ӧá²˳٣СΪֿ·
Ҷ֪ڼæԶȥ
˰Σȴûһ㶯Ҷ֪ûϳѲ졣
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ԷǴص뿪Ǹʮշݵ֮һںԶĵطķᵱгԷѹǵ롰վýħʥ֮һġʥʩչа
ͷһӶٲһ˳̤̤ܵϣ϶ȥ
Ҷæ£ۿ
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ҶЦʽŻص棬Ƶǰء
ֵ֮ҶѰһг
ʱ˿ȻӽǴ˵еĹʥǼΪΣյ飬ǵϵܼΪҪյĺˣȻܹݻ̫ƽħűͻ۶԰׵֣°˵һڱ׵ĺ¡
֮ԶͻԼ̵ǹǵ˵ԼϣǸɽŪþͻħźͰݻ̵лԼһյء
벻ݻ̵ѾǱ˷ŸУֻ˲ԶĳɶҲˣҶ벻ǣǴ˵ħʥ֮һĹʥҲУ֮ǰ󲻵顣
µĽֵڸϵҶۿٿӰһ֪ӺδһֱӺ

˾Ȼ֮ǰ˵Ǹˣ벻ȻͻȻڴ˵ء
ֻʮġ䣬ûǳͣͷɢĳ߱ĿͷϲŵͷϳȥЩǲ˹ˣ䲻Ӣٶ΢̵´ԳԸиԣվúȺӲʣӡ̡
ֻһ֣һȭȥһž޴ĻֱϮݳ󺺾֮ʣѾȼһٿȻѾһѽʬȻء
ֵǣݳ֮⣬һƥȻ˿оûܵκε˺
Ҷʱ֪λͷİݻʹߣаݻݣȴͷ֮ˡ
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˾ȻǹϵŭҶҲͬʱͷƤ飬֪˶񵱡


038 ʱ
ͺԶȣ
Ǹ߱Ŀĺ쳤ХһӣǸ˲䱬һƬѪ
ʱǼģĸ˶һǺɫһϲɫԸ䣬ȥ˴·ź򶫱ɱȥ
Ҷһæָ׷ȥ
ԲĻݻڷŸеӦħŸевǾͼпҵߵˡ
ҶһѸǵرխӵ׷ٰݻ̵ĺ˸֡һЩݻ̵аͽ˵ķȥܶԷܿ죬ҶõĻԼð¶вأһֵҲذնԷ١
һпܻħʥ֮һĹʥħнʶ
ϵλãӦþǡۡƵУ֮£ǡʥֱǹ¡΢໪λʥǡ׻ȸ䡢Οߣλ±ǡʮɱƾ̰ǡꡢޡǡǡ޲Tƶӫ󡢻¾ǡʮ͡ʮɷġһħǽ
Ҷ佻꣬ʮڶɱֻĵʥûлһΨһɱΟߣǸȣŪ˲֪ٸɱ֮Ҳ֪ĸǱ
ֻ֯ħڵʵϣƵϵħ֮⣬Ӧðվʮ֡
ħŵľʮޱȣǷѪֻ֪ڡħۡƵСڿȸѪڡѪĪڡһ桱ڵȴ֪ꡣ
ֻȸ̶ȣ֪༸Զ֮Ҫ뽫ħȫɾضԶ
һλҪ֮ҪǿһߵĹʥҶǲӲƴ򲻵޷̽ʵ˵ԼҪȥ
ԶԶظǼݻͽҶݹݣڳһլݼ£ңңǺһ۵ĸҷɢһг˹ȥ
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ҶŵϵƷɵýüͷⲻǡھ֡ʢү˵պ֮˼ĵطô
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ҶδͻȻһӰӹ˳ԶԶһһŻӰ֪ǻ
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ǺŭͺԶȣٸװͿӭ̫ƽʹߣû뵽ȴ·ȥʶģϽ˽гҶѿպ˴£ҲһԲ˶ߣ
װʲô̫ƽʹߣ˵ʲôµȷӰ׵оһλѣδܰ׵ˣǰݻкθϵҾ̫ƽˣ˵ΪܣʲôҲӦýɣô᲻Զǧ֮أ
ЦͺԶȣлѪͳ´ôܻ㣿εжǳԾֵ֪ܶ飬ССĹǰʹʲô
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Цһ췴׳գǻع;У
δ䣬Ѿһȭͬһư㶵ͷȥ
ɫ䣬һƣһݣ֮ķ϶ŻƱ˹ȥѸ͵һֻҵıӡ
ڶ˶֮ǰɲǣҶѾƹˣ֮ǰһݻ̸ִӺǽۣʤռزֻ࣬ԺļǷСݡ
ҶǱŵжһ죬ԽԺϢǱûаƻĺ
һϵİݻ̸֣΢ĺɼ
ǰݻ̸־ҵֶΣȻصΪûҶĲҶѾ֪ݻ̸֣ڷϵһʱ̿ʼѾע⵽ˡ
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˴Ŀʮľ䣬ŵĸǵʿµ۷
Ҷһǽǵһľ䣬ҲΨһûľ䣬𣬹Ȼһۡ
Ҷ˵ŻһٴӻͳһƤߣһáǹĵһһ磬һյʱ䣬һɫƿݵĵùʿǵͨջˡ
ʱټĿռûаӰȴʾǰĵڽҲֹһˡ
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ˣ
һƿһ㽣â˸ǳٿȻǲڷϵİݻ̸ֻɫĻٿȻ𣬽ͬĭһʱ𡭡
ۡ
ݻ̸ֹؼʱ̱ܿҪǵ㽣âϣֻһǹ⣬ɲǼȴ͸룬ͬʱڱɢôһƬѪ
һҺߣݻ̸ִӷֱӵδأűǽһ̤ǽⱼӡ
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һŮʿͬʱ潣׷˿񱼶ȥ
ͬһʱ䣬һҲǴһĽ죬Ȼһݻ̵ĸֱͬⱼȥ
Ҷһĺ벻ۻǸԻĵط⼸ʿּΪӲʣֿԵƻǳâһ㣬ֺֿݣʵԶԸ
żһ·ۣҶֱͣӴһ˽ȥ
ȥһƫž޴ȴ֪·ɣҶ֪һŮʿǴģۼûкţȻʲôذ
ֻǼ򵥵һѰңѵҶҵ˻ڣᶯһӺˣǾ޴ıֱ¶һ̽ͷһͨ·ʯףǵ˵ĺˡ
ʱ䲻ѡһ̵˽ȥٿȻرա
Ҷ̨ףʲôƣ˫ʹңĹͬڻһϷǽ·߶ȥȻһ·ͨ衭
չÿڣʯ׵ľͷ
ǸߴɰĴʯѣıǽλÿλƶͷǣдԸֹͼδ棬Եùطǳ
ڿͨˬгʪĸоɭĻʹ⡣
һǼյƣԡڰɫ
Ѳмһų˴صĺڲʡµĹǵƽȵİϣס
벻ʥΪڴ˵أҲûʩȡǵϵܣۼǵ˾ǰҶ˾
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һҶעξ档
ʱǵ˹ڴϣǱˣʱǰȥȾѹǵ㣬ҶȴвףебˣΨһɲ˴ǳ±ڲǵĿռ䡣
ʱȻΪЩ书ĵʿһ˿ؽѲصΪڣҴ˱Ǹ֣㹻סǵˡ
˻˭أЩͷ˲ۼҶͷžͱֱѹԺڴʱ˿̣ʱпħŵ¹пܻᱻʥľֶСĵ֮УΣҶܹܵģԴʱĵ˭ҶֻͻϮһ·˵
ͬʱһתҶɤߺߣħ֮ҲǹȻֻΪֻһʹǰôͺԶͽȥɣѰʥĴ󹦣עҪȡˣ
˵ŻҶֻһĹ򣬱δسŹǵ˹ȥ
볤ľʱͻȻվͻȻһۣһӴϵĹǵӦ棬ƽɹ
һǴ֮⣬ԷҲǷӦѸ٣ڹǵ˸ո뿪˲䣬̽һֻһѳס˹ǵ˵ȣؾק
ͬһʱ䣬ҶҲקס˹ǵ˵һֻ֣õسסе
һߴ´ݡڵϱһ̻ǵĹӵϷ𣬴ӹǵ´ҶС
Ҷһϳܹƿ߻âʱһڣ֮ϣϡ
ɳ顣
֮⣬¾ǿһ֮䣬ɵĹǵͻȻһѱҫǳĹâ޿ƥеٶֱҶʺ
Ҷһʱ֪ʱȸȸǿħŸ֣ҶԷӦ֮ѸԼ֮ѴﺧŵĵزԼѹǵͬʱڹǵ˵һƿ
ҫǳĽ˲䵽ǰԭҶáղ塿ǿȫԿһáڤ񹦡ŶԷ壬˲סԷ
ȻʱԼװ˰ݻ̵ʥʹȻҪϷݺãʶһУշȥҽżڹǵһֵֻѴʹûеĹǵ͵һԷĹͬʱٽϽѶһõĿ
֪ԷŹǵ˻ǰΪ߿ܵһзһɲڹǵ˵·ʹҶҪ̾Ϣѿһ档
ͬʱһתʮâ뽣طҶ
ʱҶֻקŹǵ˵ֱۣ״ɿ֣ƮɣͬʱŭһȻҪǱ͸ħˣ
Ҷ˫һ꣬Ȼһɻȼ𣬽ӭͷһնһ˰ĵֱǵ˶ţ飬Ҫǵ֮ͬһնɱ
ŭУмĹǵһѳ˳ȥһͷǹڣɫǵ۵ĵֳһֱֻһȻΪӰӰأâɢУȻٻնǵƥĻ浶֮ϡ
â浶ͬʱɢ¶۵˹һӢͦݣüбޣĿǣƳƮǰһ֮һɡ
Ǵʱ˵֪ħеĹϵǴò⾮Ȼһλ׵ȻϽ͡


039 ֮
۵ҲǾ˹ǵһտҶºúݵֶΣѵɱ˹֮޷ɴ𽻴Ҳ̫ƽʦô
ҶɳɤһЦ¸ʲôħУ˵ɱģ̫ƽҲֻ鷳ɱ˹ǣöϾħȡ̫ƽҰݻ̵ܣлһôϵѶˡ
۵ɫһº˼Ҿó汾£Ǽˡ
ˣ
û˵ƺ͹ֻ²Ǿ֮һҲħΪҪĳˡ
ôҶǰһ죬Ȼš浶ոɣ¼˵ѱ޵ڶ˼ʶԵ
һ䣬桰ڿգԭڵĻ滺ɫɺתףƣ¶ȸǶȻɼȶȺǱȸղһࡣ
ɫʱѿŶΪ˶ЩõףȻºþĻԹݻΪδδ˵µ֣
Ұݻ˲żüã²ţβ֮ʰˣʲôߺߣħҲһô
Ĭ϶ԷȻǰݻܸ֣˵ħ֮ˣ¾䱾ڵĸ֣Ҳһʶˡ
ħŵƶҶٰݣҶĴæʡȴ˽ͣǻɰݻ̵ѯʣֻܲ³Ҷðݡ
ϻ˵У
Ҷ˼ɣ˵ʹ򣬷ǾΪ˻סǵˣЩš
Сʯڣ˵ƣӦʱѾͷĻ𵶣ֻҪһ£ҲҪˡ
Ҷй뱻ĹǵˣթЦ֮þŭ߳ȴǺް취
ҶʹʮСȼľĿڣңŭһ˱ĹǵˣڿȻըŵӰͬʱҶгһխʯڱѤõ̻ǧƵϸ齣âǳ㷭ɣǵ֮˳ڵҶ
ڶִ̳һ˲䣬ҶȻúǧʯѹͷȫԷǧ⽣е̵֮ûƤʹ·ȫһ㣬ֱƤ֮ϣǡղ塿ϻ񹦣ҲڶԷĽ̼֮£С㡣
һ˲䣬ǽ꣬ؼ価ǽͼХХ硣
һ
ҶĽһ֮ĵڶ˴еɭĽ
ʦһҲǼģҲûּĸоʦһ¹⣬ãһֱôô˸еƽͣ
һ־Ľ
Ľһһ󣻶ʱ˵һ
¼ΪһŨССһ㣬΢СʵǷ
Ҷһҵǵ㣬ͻȻԭתֻһ˲䣬ӱٶ̫죬ȫʧһӰУһ˴𣬾˵Ƥٿһһá
ʱҶ͵رһǿҵĹȣݺնһʢĺ
ȻʢԲ֮ڣֵĵطﳾ
ǹⱻʢٿȻ˵һУȫ
һǡ浶вڵҶʶϷġħУһɱõġҶС
ѧħɱ֮һԼ֮߷ƣĵ˲ͬһʢΪԲģɨΧһҲ֣𡭡
ѧϾнһʽá浶һսȻʤӲӲ̬ʤħһ֮һ

˾бڵϮ֮ǰٿȻǰסȵĵȻɳȥײڱϣʱʱѹĸ»λ
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Ҷһ֮ҲһͷĿѣĹ࣬б겻õǶڻаһգʱ
ҶһУݺסǵϵĹǵһ𣬽ųŸո³һѪľ˷˹ȥһǳɣ硣
ʱԶڣͻȻһ󾪺֮Ȼִӵصͬʱ״
飬ʲô£
һ˺֮ʱһ񣬼ʥң
ͬʱˣҶϮһ
ʲô
ʥˣ
Ҷд󺧣ǴʱЩֶ˵Լܴܲ߹ǵˣԼҪڴ˵ˡ
˿鷢չȻ⣬˵жȴ»ڰʩչջٱľھ޿ܵܣǰΪƣͬʱָָͨߵǰӻԷٶȡ
ڳƣһǻ浶⵲ס˵·ʱȴŭȣҪߣ
֪д˻ı죬ƾΡĸṦҲиı䷽򣬵ȴҶ¶ס˵Ĺ򣬺Ȼֻһ;

ڴһٱƿٶ֮죬֮ˣδš
ʱҶѾˣȽơ
ɹʧܣ;˲Ϣ֮䡣
һĨصɫǰһ˴ɤѿһߣñʥ
ҶŹǵ˵ǰѧ֮ǰϷŪԼ·סԼΣ֮ǰϰ¸ĹʥѾӭѵľˣʶ
ڶ˼˲䣬ҶȻ֣ʱռˣʲôʱռˣ
˫ֻĵŹǵ˵壬һʮն⧲Ĺʥǵ·ٿȻת䣬ԴӲͬԷɱ˹ʥ·һ˲޿ɱܵľʤɱ
һɲǣҶٴںϱӰ˵ľѧȻá׺ԭǣ浶ĵһɲǲԹľ޴ɱȻ˲佫ħʥ֮һĹʥ
ʥħž֣ͻȻоԶԷǱɱһȻչ¶˵Ϊ͹ֶΡ
ֻ˻һУٿȻһ̣Ȼͬһ˲̳һ̣ʱȥߣҶ浶档
飬飡
񱩵ȷ絴ֻһõ֮󣬵ϾȻ¶һ߼ʥʧ٣ǿǰ߲ĵضʩչ֮˲ʧΡ
߻
򶴵ٶȾȻ˰޼
Ҷϸ룬žһ亹ǵ˵Ĵϼۣ˱һƵļõδյؽڵǰֱϣ飬ڶ֪ǳ۵ʿҶɣ˵Ŀ֮£߶ȥ
Ҷɲǣԭʥʧ渽ǽϣٿȻƿһСһ˵ֻһŤխ˳һٿȻǴԭ͡
罪ƣŨüβںʮҵӢӣͬˮһĽƤ£¶ݵصɫ԰׵ľһۣѣô˲Сģ㺦ñˣ
ɫѿֻǰʥʵǼƻƶĵûпùʥ
ʥһ֣Ա߸µݹһɫĴ멣˵޷Ǿڲڱ쵼֮£ֻѣ¼ؽﲻ㣬˵ȷѵһĸ֣ĻԹڹ죬ҶӲ棬ȻǴܵݻʵѸ٣Ѿݲǲһˡ
һ㶣ǰʵʥ˼ǡ
ʥɫһЦȻûеõʥϢҴݾߣðݻӰưݻ̵ļƻȻգһݣֱ˰ݻ̾ͺˣ
˴һݵôʥ˼ȻֱӶʥŵݻսô
ʥЦʥô޴һЩ׵ν˾ǿֺЦߺߣȻ׵ʿôϲնħǱʥ취һݻ̵ìܣ˫ѾǽţֻôһܱͻˡǴ̼˫ɱʥ֮Ǹã
ʥӢ
̾
ʥȻһЦŵôҪ鷳ֺ;ֱͺɫˡ
Ȼƶݷô꣬ȡЩԺյΪһôһЦʶһ۳룬ȴû뵽ǰߺѻΪ̿һĨ֮£ֺڻңʱɫ
ʱҶȻ֪Լ֮٣Ȼ춯ħšа̡ԭƽľʱһս


040 ۻɶ
һʯǧˡ
Ҷٰݻͽ˹ǵˣԼһȻǾܵ͵ؽͻɽһȴ˰ݻ̺ħš
ݻ̫ƽĽȻħΪе񾭣Ϊ̴شħŸ֮һвħŴƵĴڡ
µĹʥΪ˶Ըݻ̣ı̼ݻ̻𲢣ָʹڸװɰݻͽϮݺڰ̶֮ͬڣݸزޱ˰㣬㶼ڻԹ֮£ֳңаݻ̵ʥ£ζԡ
һʱΪ𶯣ۺڵ׵԰ݻ̵ΪǴΪ߿׵ɵȻܿƣٺڵ׷׵õݻ̵ϢֱӴŰɱȥһնɱͬҲݻ̵ǿҷ
ֻǰ²ʱ䣬֮ڣսͬ
ҶΪµʼٸߣʱȴһ²ؼ߸߹̬÷ѩȴڷŸ
ʶ˼ɽľɫ֮ۼ롰ݡʢԼھҪδһת˷ŸλԼһͷ
˻صǰԼüĿջ֮󣬲ŷ֡ھ֡һǰǰ˳ɶʢڹ̨һţнλίеѾǰɶһǧеһʢΪټ֮һǰȫ̲룬ΪʢеĵλҲǰȥ
ʢݷΧڣһЩλɣۺڰǶͣȫʢ뷶Χ֮ڣĿʮǶԽƵİݻΣӦķӦ
ҳڵķΪɹȻǰݻֶܷ˫һٹƣԾһֵҹӣ֪٣ֺǸ˫Ѱȥʥ·ͼиְͼǰ֤һͼȻûǰݻ̵ܽڡ
۶ϵȷ˵ʢѾԿ϶һֺΧ˰ݻ̣ݻȫݵпֱܻɱѩɽʥ壬ݻһٲ
ݻ̣
ǴӹӢۺܶûɵ鰡
򲢷ʮСȫڰݻ̵Ŀ֮£Լӵǿڡ
ƾݻ̵ݣǻЩϣԶǧ֮⣬ȴ˼ҵϳǾδЩ̫ˣ
ѵû⳵Ծһʧ̫ͻȻô
ԾֵʵȻ涼һ£ֱˣȫСȫߣȴΨܵͼ
ⲻô
Χʥ塭˭⣿
ֱ̫Цˣһ˲أֱֱӶһˣһݻ̻û׼ô
ҶЩֱ벻绹ˡΧϷ룬Լֲ޼ɣݵһ
֣һŵ֮󣬱һƲ죬˵˵϶ʢͷǲϺͿˣ۵ӵʱҲûôߺȵİ˼Ҳ֪զأ²㣬࣬¿ɲˡ˵ô죿ҪǸȥɶпܲκϽȥѲˡ
ȷݺǹ飬΢մ˾׺ôϲԾǰݻϵĸǹʥӣλǹģ书ҲǲסȴһٸҲѹ˶Ѱݻ̵˷ث֣ʵϣô
Ҷüͷþò
ԼûлὫʢεѵϸ
۵ĹˣߺߣǾ˰ɡ
벻Ϊְݻ̵ټ֮һɽ׵кպ˾ɾȻħڵ飬һ˳ԾĴ¡
ħšݻ̡֮䣬ǽŵ״̬һֱһΣյƽش˭Ҳ׶֡
գ˿ƽⱻҶ֮ٴƣ˵ݵĶֱӵĹϵôԹۣ
ҶһЦѾˣȴ̫ˡߣȥʶһݵִᣬҪύͼʶ
ȥֹⳡıôȫпħŵĹƣҲп˰ݻ̵ơ
ǵݿֹֻܾܵⳡжǵķչħҪ̵ǰݻҪãǶ㹻ʵСֻҸоãҲ⵱һǷɳӣǵݱ

ݳɶ
½һĴУݵΡĻġ
ݻһ
Դְ˴ټݺ֮󣬽ӿɶڶʱˮйͨ
ټ֮ˣΪԾľǷŸ۵Ĺˣƺʩ𡢽ѹ㷺ơ
λ¸ص޲ұݻ̰ɱ֮λɳƺŵľߵҪݻа̣ϼɱȥݻ̵İ档
󵱰ݻ̵ıӷѰšɽЩŴɵͷֵ֮ŭڱȫȼˡ
һѾִټĵ졣
ŵĵţ˵ţȫţÿſڶо׳ŵӭݴСɵĹ͵á
Щûн룬ҲҪһֵĽʿǰѳɶĴС˸ʵʵ
ʱɶϳŲʮĵطǸݵŵ㣬󲿷ֽʿڽ֮ǰţÿһĿջУڶԽ۷׷ס
ι֪ôһֿҪˣ˵ᡢͭЩһˣɽ˺ȳȻﶼҪУҿһΰݻ̵аͽ׶༪ˣ
ţ֮ݻοԲˣȻͬʱôɣҺڵ׵ͬʱ治֪ǵǲջˣ
Щڽ̷ӣ˭֪ôġ
ҿɱ˵̫硭
Ϊʲô˽
һص˵ѵ֪ôǵˣȻ˵˫һҲǱͷĿ˵ȵҸϵ˫ʱȥ¥ˣǧɱȥɨصĶûץɼݻ
һĿͻȻתͷҲǽصԶԶԣλֵ˵Ĳʶḷ́˵ѩɽǱߵļʮСѾԱˣľɽ˵ﲼ޵һͷȥء
ݻδشʵǿӲƴӲɱֻС
˶һģ
ҲֹߵҿһǱϹˣǶܿóѵЩ˾һǾͿôҪ˵ǶȻ˼ƻҪаһء
ֶͬ
ԶһСϣҶһڣ˸ɾ÷ѩ˵εѾµݶ֪ˡҲǰӸ߸ϵĴжȻǲ֪ƣǸϽȥҪô򣡡


041 񹷵
ô˵һǾðݻٲȥˣ񾡣񾡣ЩΪ̫ã۸ͷˣһ˵ʲôҲҪɱʥ壬ݻ̳ײ
ʮʱ
ŵġƸУ֮ѾʱˣվλϣŴȵĲǱˣǲǰж߹ǵ˵ɽԲС
棬̨ϷģһϺСµƴʦ
ӷ𣡡ƴʦ˫ƺʮţ˵ĲǷԶԿݻֻ̣ǶѩɽʥЩء˫ȻҵȲٳգѱյļıҵ㳲оһиأݶٲ֮С
ƴʦֵ¸֮ˣǻʦʮƣлȨأǺ֮ˣΪֿǣΪѵϴԲ˼䣬û뵽ȴͱѣԲô򣬲ͣرʡ
ƴʦԣϳɳأδ䣬Ѿõ˵ĵͷͬ
Բһǵƴʦ˵С£ܲˣҰ׵ΪʦѰص̫ˣǸаħԴϢ֮յĻǧѷܾ꣬˷ʦǲԸȥҵԸ֮ˣ
ԣ˵öԣԸͬԲɱʥ壡
ûѽ֮⣬ɱˣͷ
ɱɱɱ
һȺТʿߵغţȺ˻Ǳݻɱ޵ĵӻǼˣѪǣѾʵΣͷһƬȣûʲôԿԡ
ԲоǿȺ˵֧֣ŸҴԲѵĿ֮¶ƴʦСУƴʦ񣬲Ϊ⣬ֻ̾ϢһĬš
ԲԲԶһִУʱԵԲʦܲΣƴʦֻѴעִ磬޷֮⣬֮ҵŽһ£ֻ֮ԣ㲻ᡭ
Բиæ˫ֺʲлʦѣʦˡ
ʦֵܶǰһһͣڳһһȵ̬˺һƴʦʶʱ˵ԲʵĲǰѹƴʦһͷӡ
㿴Ƹ㲻Բһһ仰Բ͵ùԹţôһ˱ưɣ
ƴʦüʹ붨
˺аЦתһԵŴʵ֣ңҲһĴɣ֪ʲô߼
ģЩۻ軨ҡŶһ˵ųϣҼϷָɣֻάֻ᳡ڶԸݻ̸γ֣ȴûзȨȻ۵ľ飬ʲôɣ
˺аһϺ꣬ȴһתͷ˰Ȼľˡ
ľһ֮ɫ˵ݻݶ꣬Դӱݵͨ·ӥס֮ݳΨһ·̵һʱ̲һһ꣬ʮ꣬ȴ޷ʮꡢһꡭ
Ⱥ۷׷ףԶǴΪͬ
ֻлµƴʦͭİͯüͷԾ̼ȴʵ΢¶
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ȷʵ飡ЦʱʱλԺһЩʱգλѵ֮ƶٽͼóλһ
Ŷ֪·ѵأͯʵ
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һЦֱԵλ԰꣬ƶõϢ⼸λռ
䣬ٳ͵п͵

Ҷһ˸ϵŵĴ⣬ȴڴſڱŵĸ
λѣʾ

ҶʱЩɵۣ˵ŹºܣַаʢôôſڻҪأ
ݺݵصŵһۣʲôûС
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һᣬ⻰ʲô˼ܴȥǻбĵطԽȥ
ŵӺٺһЦָָԱߵСţȥǿԣǴŽǴŽȥȥ֮ȥã˳ֱӵ᷿Ǳ߹ܱ
ҿүүҪûðɣ¶첲ӾҪɼܡ
ΧһΧһŵӣһСеѽǣTMDӲСȻˣ
һûСӣΪŵĴЩСô
ǣǣҪǽִ£ǲ£ȻǵĹȣǴһ·ȥ
Ҷ˵ûݿһ֪ߣʶŵ˲ǷԱ߿ֵߣҲһָֻšЦؿ֡
ûðɣԱߵĺҲǶŭǰͶȥ˸Ҫ֣ԵһʱѶԷſ¡
Ҷ̾˿ȻˣҪˣǵ棬ǸһֻͬЩ鵢ˣʶٵ
ŵŶһǻõص˭
Ÿھ֡ʢʢүӣ˵ûУŭ
ΧȺȻһԭǴġݡҲ쵱һλӢô˲֪
Źȴһ˵ʶʢүӾʶֲ㣬û취ҪţҪô͸ϽⰭ£
Ҳѣ
޿̣ȥһ;ͺ˹ȥ
ŹҲŵľӣƼΪ˲棬ʶѡĵӸӭԹһƣǵȻУȴͻȻһһɺⶳס˫ȣʱ
ֻ
ž
һ졭
ڳ˲䶼һۣ̲ס˶£
һȵþʵɣǶʮŹӺմ˼ɳȥɾ룬ֱҽӵ˶ײˡ
ŹһѣΣȻûεһư˶ˣû뵽˸Ҳ磬Źһ죬ͻͻͻŽ׵ȫ
Ҷ̾ϢһεƳһԱߵ÷ѩղ͵͵ֵĴŮһȴ߳ⲻȥ
쵰ϰ
Źݴŭоѣشŵһ³˳ʣͷͳŹ˹


042 ֮
ˣ
̤ǰһӭѸֵ͵һͦ
ʿۼҪѪ

Щֵʱ˹Ķź;࣬·վ˽ʯһ㣬Ĵ죬һʱĽиֵ˲䶼ǵжϣɵİصвŵӵͷƤ˳ȥ˵زƸźϷҶ֮ϡ

ȶֵһƥŵӺȻٺһЦ͵ǰһȺ˱嵱ʶһˡ
ÿ
Կ󷽵ļŵӲаǳ⵲ǰͬʦֵܣͬʱǰֱĵͿҪʽ
һִֻֻ̽һ㽫Ǵѵ߬УǼŵֻһɲɿܵĴϮһգѾһŨüۡٷУ˫һ࣬Ǽѵͬһ㣬ֱӱһԲ
һµµֱӹ˼ѾĿࡢŵӸǰԼʩʩȻرżտŶԷķӦ
ֳѾһƬ㵣˶ͬһ飬ŴͣҶһˡ
һζ˿ǶˣȻһȺ۸ϣĻЩӲӣԷֶ˸ſԡ
ҪûŸֳͷӣŵ͵ñ֮˸̭ඡ
ʲôŷ
ȻƬ֮ҪӭŸ־ͻס档
˵֮䣬һ磬¾ӵ´Ӵڴ˳һֳǵ϶۵ıкЩɫҰ׵ĵɫ֪ڸղŵĳͻг˵
˵ʱŭȵղŶųֵ˸վɵ˺ô꼰㣬ſɸŲ𣡡
һ仰˵ڣΧȺһ˳ȥʮԶóǰôһƬյء
һЩΨ²ҵĺ֮ͽ̲ס˷ܵ
٣ûУŵ˶ŭˣµһȺ˹Ҫù
ɲǣŵҪ˵þ͵óˣ
ôŵ˾ֱĸأ֣ȺµļһҪдˡ
ȺǶõĹάڵŵӶǵذͷղŵ˲䲻˵䣬ŷ˵˰ɣţºܶǵ³ڸ֪˰ɡ
ϵЦ񣬹ͺ˶ǺΪȻУһļɵĵӣȻƣĪаˣ⵽ɣ
ŵӺΧ߶ǳЦûһ˿Ҷ˵³ŵĵӶʼ´ǰĺ͹ˣݺݵĿ⼸˺Ƭ
ʱ򣬺͹ڵʵʵͻȻһֻػţͬʱһЦඣඣѽѽⲻôһ𣬺þòγſӭҵô
Ȼ֮ʱػ˼ԷʲôˣԷ˵һ仰ʱصϵʱɫǰθߴÿ࣬Ҷλε֮߳˪һ㣬˲ή
㣿ô㣿ͻȻ֮ζӳ£ڽԼ滤֣չ࣬Ҷֵܼûռˣ˴֣չûʹħ񹦣Ȼܿ϶ʱҲȻ֣չжϵ벻δҶȻԼҵĴſڡ
ôһ˵ȺʱסŵӶҿƽʱڳư֮Ŀ˵ôͻȻ˿ȫƽΪѵһȺǴɣ
֮ǰҶ˵ŹѾǶͷðЩõԤС
Ŀ֮£ȻҶĹм飬ҲԶûﵽηĳ̶ȣɫһ壬ŭʱʲô֣Ǹǹǣ
Ҷæҡ֣ԲǣԲǣֻڴݺܹ٣ݻһ£СݣĵۣҲΪֳС
⡭֪ҶһǸΪİ׵ƹΪԵؽŲǸй˼Ľ飬ʸ̩ŵĵǻҪǰȥھƹһϵĸԵйǷǸһϵ
ֻǸûгϵ˲òжԣĸԴҲΪżǸ֮ĺģ˫֮ԭ޼Ĺϵ
ŵľٶҲǾѡܱһȲѡվ߷ǸҲѡվƹһߣݵĵάԼҽλҡ
ʱҶȻŰݷãȴڸųһ⡣
׽Ӳأ
Ǿܾ»ᱻͬƹһϵͬö֮ӭţڷǸУѡ˱ѡ
زɵϣһҲѵľ֮УԿ죬˵ȻȻ̨
Ҷһ㶣ע⵽ΧȺľ㶵ضߣһܻ࣬ӭԺһʱ˶ԷĿԡ
ûдϲ
ԼһԭΪѣ˵ʱ˿ȡŵʱô
ҶԽתݣű̬Բʲô⣬ڵŻԥڣŬ£ΪǹһЦǰؼЦĪСܴΪӦź֮⣬ҲΪѶݡʢʢүǹʽǰҲΪѰүӣųүӽǣһԵ͵µĺãʶղŹʱҲû͸¶Ūôᣬȴδ뵽ֲǡ
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ضʱһϲͷŹݣŹҲǡ˫ֱĵӣֱأѣ˵ԼŰĻ£ҶΪԼѣæͷ֤Էȴûͨ
˵ǫ̂δôһȴֵһԭһᰡǺǺǣû˵ģϽʢүڴò¡ˣһȥ֪ͨʢүһ
һ̬ȴת䣬ΧȺֱ̾̾񫡣
ڸߺһ֮ҶֻĪҪ̹¶ĸΪǨŭ㣬ҪһͷȻǸԶƹ޺ãȴԳС
ҶȻǵǸԼһͷġӡư㣬Цش廹ϵˣȻҴµģȻǡģаգ
գ
ʲôգ
һͣȻļ˵Բгô
Ҷŵķŭ̫˰ɣ
̲סɫŹֵ´Ҷһ֮ɫдϡ


043 Ŀ֮
ҶҪš
ʱҺȵ̲סͷЦȺ´ĻǸǿϷˣģȥȥȥҪ񫣬ǵüˣʱҹ٣ɱݻа̣ǲǹʹ죬񫣡
á
Ⱥ̲סкãһʱҡ
ʱһЦǹ˵Ľк
λСֵ˵ĺãһεĳаˣȷǴΪǴȤˣ
Ķţƽӡ̡
Ⱥعˣܽÿһ·߾Ȼһˣǰˣߵλݰ׾ŵߣһɫƳƮȻǰ磬һҲ࣬ȴһλݹ׾ڲһųߣݱ䣬ŷ˶ǷǮһ㡣
һһȣԨsһʦȣ˷ֳ֮𣬵ǴһƵЦݣȻ׽֮ģȻһɾ֮顣
ҶɵЩ㶣ΪԼʶһʦͷĸ֣ȴһЩϤֵϤŷһ㡣
ǺƵ߳Ҷ΢΢һЦһߣȴһĿоһһ˲Ŀ·һֱĵף
Ҷһδһ˵ĿʵһĸдʶԶסĦڭ޹һʱ˶ԷĿ֮Ҷδɵõһ
߲ԾҶһ֣ķӦз¶һ˿ɫƺΪķӦȲʡ
ԷӦһϣҶǰֳһӵͬӦסᡣ
һɲǣҶʱ֪ǰݡ
ʣĿ罣ߣĸףɽɽĵţǨ
벻δᣬȻλѵݽҪȫ԰ݻ̿ô
λǺˣܹǨ޼ǲµĸ֣һλأ
ղ˵Ҳλߣ˿΢ЦſԼ
Ҷ¶˼ʱԱߵؿǰһֵһףط֮ڴ˹ţׯݹ٣
Ҷ֪Ǻˡ
ٿȻתߺȵţŸ
׼ʱٸ͵͵

һˬʵĴЦȴ˳һݸصĸͬʱӭͷҶֵħʱľ
ʱеһɵǰ֮󣬶һţׯ
ԽڶЦ˵Ǵ˷ƶϲ⣬û뵽ׯԶݶһɽׯ壬˷ħжνʤˣ
ܲԵΧߵʱ
һɽׯׯ
ʣǰü͸һһǡһɽׯׯڶʮλġоӡĽ塣
Ľ΢΢һЦ˷СִܴŴ˼£Ϊְ׵ʿĽԹۣȻ֪ݵĺԽݻһ򾡣ĽʵʹЩа֮ͽʶλͬຣ
һƬǫ֮
ȺٿȻһгׯЯһɽׯ˷ȻҪа˵֮λˣ
ˡƴʦͯȸɴɫͬʱһ䣬벻˸ĽһֱָΪ˵֮λ˲ǳĵô
˲ûͷѾɤʻġɮԲ
ԱߵǨ俴ǰĻ˺һۣΪɽ˺ҲδϵԼʦܻǰ룬ɵöͷðǨӡ
Ľ幰ܴ˸ЦĳֻΪӢܵשߡŽᣬӢﲻʤö٣ĳкεºǧΪ˺λӢۣݵ£ֻ˹ܣĳ֮ģֻǳħһС䣬ٻ
á
˾ϲ֮ˣǼ٣ֻҪ˵Ϊдӵ
˺лͷԲһۣλͻǫţĽǨ롣
δĽǰ֮ͻȻͣĿ֮һתҶЦ
Ҷ֪Ϊδ˸ЩĿĽ塣
ֻĽЦСֵܣȤĳһϯĳЩСֵܰҽһҲиССϣСֵܹæ
ֳǧ˫ˢˢͶҶϣеʲơ
С˭
ţȻҪĽ룬̡ϣæĽĽ˵ȻѾǿˣֻһ˲䣬ǰСӵ۱ٱǧһԾΪڳеĽλԵߡ
Ҷȴ¶һյı飬ӣׯʵ⣬ܲ³һʵڰĪֻܾæϯ㲻ȥˣԺԵǰݼǰ
ɶ
ȻܾĽ룿
ȺǾĪ
Сӿɹˡ
Ľһ߱ȵ绨̲סһж죬¶Ĳ
ĽЦЦҲãһ֮СֵʱԼϷ򡭡
˵Ȼȥ
ǨҶۣ֮ʱ˵СΪʤСֵܣҹԺʱԻٴֽ̡СֵܺΪ֮
ȺǴ󻩡
һнһ˵ᾹȻҲСӵĶ֣Ǻηʥ
ҶϵԽԽأҶοЦҡͷз·ʲô͵Լתͷȥȴֲټ
ǸλЦ˽õǸ
ߺߣƹҲ벻СүǸѹǵתƵ˰ɣ
һεĴ󽻷棬ħҪֲ֮ݻ̣Ƕ˵ֻҪƵõݻܾˣħŴĻҲ˳Ϊһٽݻ̲
Ҷȫûд㽫εĳажֹΪ֪ԼָǾħŵԸĹִԼҲûмγֵĶȫżݵĴ֮⡣
ʱܾĽ룬ǲҪԼ̫سǰĽݵλ˼ңԼ˲㣬ֻǵĻ֮಻١
صѾͬڶãǰʵ˵϶˼ҽȥԷȥˣȥģ˵õķ˱߸߳һȥء
Ҷ˹һۣôǰǰ˦ӺԺô۾ƳһԣͻȻ̲סһЦߣҴҳԵȥ


044 ֮
֪Լĸ϶ôͻȻ֮ôδһΣȻᳵ·شһ˹ȥĵһȽྲСԺ
һԺ䣬ӭѾζŨӷƮ˳
ԺеһŴʯϣѾ˸ɫȣ˵Ϊһӡ
̲ס̾һ϶ԭðᳵ·һ׼˷˵˰ζ˵Ĵࡪ
ҶЦǺǵĹļ򣬵Ծͺˣ໰Сѵ㡭
һȻͷȻ÷ѩЦЦضԼŵһȥԶ
ҶͷֱĿһ̳Ӻþƣһڣ̾Ͻѵƣ
ôܸ㶨ҶߵĶأҷ˴˼Ѱġ
һЦɤӷڴ˳ʱѾ˳ԴһĴ磬һ޴ӣһֻú͹顢ֵɼ
ԭүѽֶˣ
СеԾ˳ȥſ˫ֱ֣ӳԴ޾ͱ˹ȥ
Դ޽вϿһУһ̵رܿ˹˻ͬʱһѽһ˳ȥٽµһӣȵطǰϡ
Ҷ˺һȣҧһڣ֣̲ס޵ʧôõʱ䵹ûа׷ѹ򣬾Ȼѧôһֵصˣպ㵹ǲԴˡ
Ա߿ȥЦֺβһͬȾƣ
ԭһ˵Ľ䣬֪ʲôʱһͨŵ꣬ҶѯʣͷҲֻ̧ĥԼǰѡ
ǻĥ֮ˣа
ԴЦԴϴ㶪֮ҸӱշתšһĴ򡣺ٺ٣Ҳڡ
ҶڽȳԾʵʲôϢ
Դ˵ǱѣôܲϢǴѡط䣬ɲɵţ
ԴЦػӻ֣÷ѩ˵ҵգԶɣȻֶҶɽڲ̫ͣһӦǺߵĹϼɽġ֡Ѿõɽ˵һǨĬͻȻ֮䣬ɽĺͻ𣬹ͻͽѾսεĶͬʱҲõɽһĴ֧֡ɽֹ֧ϼɽ̵ɽҡڲԭɽȴͻȻʱ⣬ɽ˶Ҿ֮СԭѾлɽ֮ҪԱ۳ɰܣͻȻְ֮ݻ̵飬ɽ˳ϻҲȷԳħΪУɰܵĹؼΪһ˸ʺϵɽδʮ
Ҷüͷһ壬ǲѵĴӣۡȷ¬Ĵʦ㣿
Դ޵ΪȻأȴǹϵǳͬʱҲԸڵİ׵չǸйһЩìܳͻʶ̨ȡݣΪǸǸҰļңֻһֱܵǨѹƣɽԲͷȷʵ书нѾԲǨˡ
һͻȻͻѧĸ֣ѵħŵһöӣ
Ҷеɻ𣬱㱻ԴЦŴϣӲҩͻƣԶԶع۲ȷǳʱ֮ͻƣԴһ㣬˵ħйء
Ҷ˵ͷ
Դ޽ֽеķ֣ԼݴɵıʣܽݵֿһɢɳʵץҪɽ˺ѳ֣ɶհܸ㶨ɣ߳ҵǵİšߣ˵ǽô죿ǺħȺ飬ǵıȫƻô
ҶٺһЦȻˡһΣҪħŵжݻһ򾡡
ɶ
ʲô
ԴޣһĥаҲͣͬʱĿҶһ˹ı顣
ħŵжݻ̣

а˵жü٣ȷж룬Ϊɽɽŵһ֧֣ĽһɽׯĴֳݺǧĥֱͨʥľ顣
Ӿ֮󣬸ԱΪֽϻһͬǰڴѩɽµ¥Ǽϣͬɽַݻ
֮ʢͷҵҶˣͬǼλŮӣͷһλЦݺͰõѮҵĶׯŮӣǹϼɽĵţѡĵӣ֡ǼһĹ诣һλһ׷Ȼᣬɽɽʦ̫
ܼ򵥣ǶѰʢͷһ𱼸Լһ˶Ůӣ޵ĳˣĳЩ鲻ó棬ǺϤʢġھ֡£Ȼ·;ΪϤʶǰ֮¡
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û뵽δ־ֱӽӴɽŵĺҶ˷ܵԽӴһ£ȫȷԹϼɽɽΪھ֡ΪĶ飬߳ɶһ·
һιϼɽɽ񾡳Զ鲻ʮˣվڶʦ̫ԼаãҲŮ׼ҵӣҲڡ
ʢھ֣ѡ˶ʮ֣ʢĴӡƱ۴죬˵ǰһ·ϰŴס꣬ҲΪס
Ҷһˣԭ÷ѩ֮⣬Ҳ¼Դ޺а
˳˳ɶһ·ʱ䣬˫ڵɽ̤ʸĵؽ磬뵽
һգֱߵڣЪʳ
һ·֮ççƽҰһռϢЪޣ˼̶Լ·֮⣬Ҳûκε
ֹգһƬɳĮС
鵱ЩŮǶɫЩƣδһˣѾ½
һ·ʢǰӦЩ书µɽ˵ǲڲսɴҲԿǶϸ֮ڶ֮䶼ƾϲѡ˶ʱ侲طΪԼһѰҵѵĺ顣
֮䣬
ǰ̽·ֱſһɽϣͷ˴ƣڵʱɳ֮£ÿ˶Ǳгʣʱ׼֡
Զ˺ð췽ʼ۵ϳ˿ͻȻɳϵ㼣עӡ
гһָʮӷִԾΧס


045 ɳ
ϼɽɽĵѸޱȵΧס˵ʿ
ֻа߾ưۣͷϲŰ׽һɫ棬һ˹˵Ĵ磬зźγУͻΧ
说Уǰݻ̵ˣһҲɷߣ
ҶĿ񣬹̽ͷ̽Եţͬʱѹߵ˸ʿֶǲȻ죬Ҳˡ
Ҷ۾ҲֻǵصĲǰ˸Ǿˡ
ŸһŲϸƣôǰ˸еھ˵ټ
ʱϣϼɽ࣬ȴڹѡ
ӹ诺Ⱥֱǰ½أֻһֱԳɽɽ֮Եص
ϼɽṦҲɻΪΧŶ·ɣ̬Ưֿ档
ɽĽϽ˳䲻֮ͻɱţ࣬㣬Ůʹ书
ʱǰݻ̵İֳ䵶Ǻݡ
ɽǰĵӽоӢվǿ߰˺ϣݻͽнˣˤ
µȴö࣬һ໥ϣת֮䲻סͣǽϼɽеӵ磬һ·ͬʱӱޣ·ߣգۼѾɾ롣
ɽеعʦ̫ٿȻ˳ȥѸݣ۵ӱ󣬿кһͬʱӳһǺǽǰƥĲȫ˽ȥ
λмʿصܣһعʦ̫ԴͷλһĿٿȻ߸Ծ𣬱ÿǷһػ
Ȼ̵ʱڣݻͽ˾˲ס׷˵ĵˣõһλͬߡ
˷Ӧ֮죬˵֮⡣
عʦ̫һһŤܿʿĵͷһзͻȻУˢһòмʿϣһ֣ʿһɴϮ˷ɵ˰Уֽʿϴ
֮󣬶ʱ˹غ«
һлҪǶӦüѻָŶԣǶ˼⺷֮£ͼͬھһſ˫ۣعʦ̫һγذףݺݵشӿ
عʦ̫һֻڵǰһ˵ؿڣһ˻δ˵һĨӰӿв
֮ǹôܳŮ͡
ۼǰһݻͽߣгʣ͵Զ˳ȥ
ݻͽͻޣƥٶڵذθߣۼҪķΧͻȻƹһһһöͭǮ˷ɽĽˣԭٶѾ½ĳٿȻһٶȱ֮ǰʮ౶ΪһĨ磬ʱһİݻͽ
读ͷ˲ԶҶһۣԷȻһֱĿ̾˿ûǵͷлһ
Ҷǳһ˿Ц⣬ѹɤҼʦֿеλǸ֪֮ˣʦи
诺ͺΪύ֣Է߾Ʒ˫ʶϧ𽥸һҪʦǰ˵Ҳпܻͬǰһеġ
һڣܻ׽ݻ̵ӵʱ˹վڶʦ̫ǰ
Թпʼһֱ׷ˣʦ̫ʼĸԹۡҶ룺֮пҲŶµĻᣬɽڶʼûѪȵĵӼɱĳ棬ǵĳɳȷǴа
ʱǹ˺ʣǻô֣ε֪ɽڴ˾
һλŭ֮һһľҴĶĿȷ֪ܣҰݻж֡
ͬʱЦлĵطҰݻ̵ӵĴڣǽڿ־塢ͺڰжȹһ
ЦЦȻֹͻȻһ˵ڵأһҲˡ
˳һһϸ¶ЦݣУʦ㣬˶ˣ
ŭ˷Ծⶾҩýô졣
عʦ̫
еӦǣҪֱʬ´Ѳ顣
诺λʦСģвжеһȡȥʬ´ֻÿ´иСߣʱҧСڵϱɫ˳ݻа¹Ȼ
ʦ̫ĵǴ״κͰݻͽ˲С䣬ȻݻеȴΣһֵعͲСˣȲʣϸġ
عʦ̫ͨ죬
ʢȥЩʬ̲סЦɵӹȻǷϷǴ۽ˡԸݻһУ֮Ҳǵһսˣ˳ɹֵףֵף
ʦ̫֪ͷΪ¿ѣȻһЦʩл
̾Ϣ벻ݻаͽңҪ뵽ѩɽСʮ˿ҪǶȣǰ·ǲ̫ء
һ仰˵˶ǵͷѹ
ʢٺЦһĶҶӦʲôķתһҶȻǸڵģߵļˣŮ֮⣬ȫһҿı飬̲סʵλϵʲôʲôô
תͷָڴ䣬һصʢͷ𳳳ץء
һ㶣Ⱥ̿ѣһЦ
˿ȱôǻɳĴɳĮץУ˵˭ŰƫƫһԴǵģ׺Υ͵ķװжǶƵСôô֡
ʢɫ࣬Цֵ˵Цˣôأ
һ䣬Ҷ͵˫ۣԱߵԴ޺аͻȻ֮ԽضѸ;׵һ࣡
ͬһʱ̣ʦ̫Ҳһ㶣Ȼͬһط
һֽУץˣ
Դ޺а˻ķͻȻһʬķĹѿɳԾһץסԱһھ֣֡Ѹ;׵ؼۿ
ɹĹЦ˹λʥ壬ҿûôף
һ˵ŵôˡ߰˸ɽ˵ŮӸǼ
һ߳УԴ޺а֮󣬶ʦ̫һĸ˷׷׷ǵɫӰ֮
ʱ˿ôΪԾ֪ߺˣṦ˸ǿԶʦ̫ȸֵĹ򣬾Ȼ׷Ҳֻгķݶ
ϼɽṦΪһԴɣȻܹ׼λãɴ˸ÿɼṦεˡ
ԷҲԶֳôŴȦӣϷˣζԡ
ʱ˲У˴ȦӣȻֳߵͣɶǰ
Դǰаں󣬶ʦ̫


046 ׳¥
׷ϣǰ˾ǰһɿľ룬ȲҲԶŷϷŪһ㡣
ǰǵһĻӰӲɳΪһ㣬ǰԣȵȫٿܵʱ̤ĻɳɸߵͣԶԶȥһεṦ֮ߣ˫лһӣȻԴĵʥ֮󣬶һ֮ɳ̾
׷ںԴƿڴ޳Сͱܣֵ¼£
ǰ˺ٺЦСб¾׷Ҷߵͣү׷ϣֻԳʲôʸ
֣
Դɫͨ죬ϵһԸṦƾ汾¸ɼܵĶ֣ϧȴԷֱؾܾˣеջ֪
ԱߵĶȴдΪ𺳣ǰṦҲǴΪףٶ֮£Լû˵ı£Ȼܸǰսⲻ˵˶أδȫͶô
ôһԱȣ֣ԼΪṦ㲻һˣѾ˳Խ˹ȥ
˱ǹ˴ȦһȦ֮ۼڶȦҪת꣬һԾҶͻȻڵˣǰ谡ץס
Ҷ仰ǹ˳һ̲סͷȥ
ԶԴһΣþãһ
ԭȫṦѹסֵԴޣֻεؽֱܶԼṦߵʵдӱȡһ˶׼ǰĹˣᰴһĻأȻУһ޴֩ٿȻ˳ȥӭͷǰĹˡ
ף
ǹ˾һȻ벻ԷﾹȻĻأۼͷѾȫܲǱһܵ³
˿ңֻһЦбסĹϼɽһӭŴײ˹ȥ
һ˲㱻˸ʵʵӿֱ׹ҲΪһУǹ˵ʱ壬Цһ벻ɽ˵ӻأбò˶ãǰԵ
ֽסӿµĵӣǹǳԴ޵Ļȴһ󲻰ԼҲɽʮʱ䣬ΪξûзһͬЩСһ˲أ
¶˼ʱԶаͻȻкŮ˶
һδӦԴѾһŽǱסĹϼɽ߷˳ȥ
㡭һҪָԴޣǷɳȥĵӣвҽһȫȻѪҺΪһһ𣬽ΧɷΧڵ嶼УҲ֪ʲôʣȻմϨ𣬶ǽճڱϣһͬճ˻ҽ
һʱȻɵ˵ղҪСӦ죬ֻʱ㲻ҲѾһƤ
ڵ˲ΧԣȻ
Ҷһγһ˿صɫֱĶаԴ޳ߵʱ˻һۣ㶼Ĭ
ǹСֵغҵθԹԣⲻʮ涾֮һġѪôôѵСӵĴ磬ħô
ҶĬȻȴ¶ɻı飬ʦ̫֮ɫʵ˵˭˭
ҶԼһʥħľ֮Ѿ˶ʮ·һɳǰ
һԴ޵ͷ诼첽ɳ֮ͻȻͻӣһʾ⣬ɽӱȥ
һɳ֮ʱֻǰһۣ㲻ɵþ˶ʱӿ첽뱼ɳ
ʱֻɳ֮ɳĮк˵Žپʬ塣
ֻЩ٣ͷѣؿ룬ƺػ˿ڸбһսĺۼ
һ£ǰȥѲ飬һᣬ读˶ǳа˵ˣɣֱϽˣɺʹݰ񶫣ҲһЩɢĽ֣Ӧͬȭ֮ˡЩȫûӦǱַرֱӺ
ʦ̫ʵֵжˣ
¶һ˿ԼҲŵı飬ɼᶨصһֳ֣֮ۼֵģһˡ
һˣ
ü֮ǰʾǸô
Ա߲Դ޵Ӧòǣһ·ַⳡϵĲҳ̶ȷ֮ӦһѵĿͽṦϺòóȴǱը
رַӦǰݻ̵ĸֳˡ
˷׷׵ͷԼ
Աʦ̫ţ˫ֺʲȻЩͬⲻңôȾͲܷܣǽ곬ȣΪɡ
ڵʦ̫Ĵ£׷׽Щ˵¡
ҶҲְæΪʲôȱ֮ģʵǲΪЩٶһ˵г̡
ʱ֮ڽЩãɽ˺óʱľģһ
ֻһٶȻ⣬ȴⲻһ˵ʿ䵽˹ȵףȻӲȵڵӣһֽʥ壬־ڱʤаĺкξ壿ֻභʱ˱ض࣬Ĵ֮ģͼңη壬ٵʱɽ˵硣
ڵһվ𣬹Ӧ
ֻкξ壿֮ǰôϼɽֻҵսһϼɽһٸգ
ȺѪڣγУľսħаƲ
ҶϼɽɽˣȻŮⷬӢ˿üɽɵӴڣżȻ书ȡʤѣǰ⸱龰Сˮ׳ʿһȥⲻ
Щڳ֮ǰ˵ˣʱΪݻңֿûϵݻڷֱ֮ʣȻܹв˵ĸִڣܹԿꡣ
Ϊôһڣ˶ʮ·ɫѾ
׼ҹ֮£ʦ̫һڣӷλ˰ţҸ˯գ
һ漴ᣬҪȸְҹϮڵܷҹҲǰءʦ̫ŻΪҹ
һ˵Ľ䱸ڽʵܣһҹȥûгκ֮¡
һ·˼ȫûĳа֮ˣҲΧ֣Щݻ̵һˮרְź͵ϮСɵĵ˱ȫԶԶظţ˵ɳĮһ·϶˸Ϊսս
ƺݻҲûȫӦʶаܵʧ
ֹȥ죬˷һɽ֮ԶɳĮľһ׵ĳǳظɳĮ֮ϣɫɳɫĳǣɫ죬ɫߵľɫ˵
¥ǣһվյ㣬ڵˣ


047 ͵Ϯ
һεоϵ¥ǵĳа˶ǧ֮࣬һ·͵Ϯóаʧʮ֮һҵ
ⲻûпס֣ǵġ
ǰݻ̵ʵôֱ̫ˣĶ֣ô˺أ
λ¾ۼʥˣʦ̫ԼʢԶȥ飬ҶȴǲԸ֣ѡĳУ
¥ǳ飬Ƿ¥彨￴ԭֵ͵ĵǷķݣͿɽ׵ɫҲܿ޴Բֱڸ䣬Ź񣬶ȼŻ͵ľ޵ƣ׵ĳҹб˽ɫ硣
Ҳзڣڰݻ֮ȫϳˡ
һε¥Ǹͽݻ̼̤ʶŻ϶ʿݻ̵ľٶ
ݻ̱ɹĻЩ޴ԲҲȫƵ½ʽķ
Ҷ¥ڣȫһػعŴ˹ĸо˶ͷųۣŮӵȴɫޣϴɴȴŽ¶װԸеСһš
Դ޵Ǵ۸˷쳣÷ѩȴ˷ס
Ҷм䣬ǿҲǣҲǣڼһɫľ¥ͣ˽ŲԷõһµͬ⣬ص¥ʳ
ţ򣬿գ㡭
ƺǿʳƷζȽϵһһȴĿۻңϸʵ߲ˮζ쳣
ǵκʢһִ㣬ϣõزȻúΰ͹ס̿Ͽ
¯ʱôΰͣʱζһ˶ǴΣᣬ÷ѩһճصϰߣ˲ٵ⡣
Դɻ֮Уظű͵ĶƤпʮۣ̫̾ˡԺҪлôҪ޶¼棬ʳ¥еζԭκһطǳġ
ҶЦǾҪεж˳ˡֻҪ˰ݻ̣ԭͨĴűȫ򿪣ʱ棬ݵô㣬䲻ڣ
Դ޵˵ͷЦͳζĿ㣬ĨݻҲֵõġ
÷ѩ̲סûϢ
˲ɵúȻЦ
ⲻҶҶֵôôҲ˳аˣˣ
һҶôϲԴ޵˲쿴ȥҶûͷҲܸӦ˧췲չ¶Ƿ桢Ӣ˲˶ʼɵķɣ˵Լʺãһ˼񣬶˵Ե÷ѩϡ
÷ѩȻ¶ȻһֹĹƤҩ
߲ͣȴñ˸Դ޺аһ㶣͹ȴǳŪѣҶ˱֮̾һЦǺǵת˧췲кԭ˧Ҳ¥ʧʧ˧ְѾԻҵѾˣЩҪæʹ˸ˣ
˵Ź˹֣˾Ҫȥ
˧췲ƨɣ벻ҶɵôԼӣҲ̲סʧһЦЦؿҶʰװȥ
Ҷ߹ʱ˧췲ͻȻӣٿȻҶ֣˵ˡħ
˵ĽŲˢˢһ١
Ҷһת˧ֺϢ·ô֪ģ
˧췲ৡشȣΪȣЦµЩⷽ·ǡħΪöԸ֪ҶǷҪ°æأΪбȾҪ㣬ǲһΰ
˧췲˼ҪԼһ˾һԼˣȻͬ⡣
л˧ֵģһ»ǲô
ʵﵽʲô̶ȣҶڼʶܵı֮󣬻治λС
˵ֱ¥ͷҲء
˧췲׷źҶֿҪ˼ǹ¼ҹˣ󡭡
ʥôѵˣл˧ָ㣡
ҶĻ˧췲һ㶣ԭԷѾֵ֪ܵıˣȻҳɱ࣬ǹ⣬ǲʥﰡ
˧췲ɫѿעĿҶ˵ȥһܵȺ˲ҵȷУǷ׼¶˻ͬһнǲ
˧췲䶯Լľ֮£ǲҪ֣ߵ̫ȻҼҵóһѡʥδֲ

Ҷ˦˧췲¥ҹĽֵ֮ϡ
ҶأĬ
Դ޿źЦôˣҶӣһﲻˬôϣСӲҲڷƵ÷ôôôһλһµˣ
Աߵ÷ѩ̲סЦȻϣҶεش˫ۣڵڷһָŵգ۾
ҶһЦȴ˵ҵĵĲȻҲⷽĵģҪΪ
ʲô
˧췲ˡ˳ֵ̫أ书Ҳѵһĸ֣Ҳ޾ܹȡʤ˺ܿ£Ļأε飬ܾʲôԾ
Դһ㶣ʵﲻأ
ԱߵаͻȻվס˽ŲΪ֮ǰǼðġ
Դ޴һʵô֪
ͻؿϷһӰٿȻƿһĴľмžХ£˷˶˫Ƴ죬Źζ˳ѷ
ħǾġѪơڳɱΪĵܱܵˡ
һ̣ͷͬʱҲͻȻаǾ仰ĺ塪
֮ǰǱ˼ðġ
ȷˣ֮ǰǸṦ֮ȻԴ޵ҲеͷƤ飬ʱȻṦѾÿɳƾ֮ǰһ˾Բͬն
Ȼ˻ȥٰԼ书˸е֣

ҶٿȻϷһĹâסȫǴ߶̫Ԫ񹦡ЧȻӭ˰е
˵УҲֻܹηԷǿʴġѪ
һ˲䣬ľڰֻһɲǣҶ뵽ҵսУ
Դ޺аҲͷϵսתһ档
Դ޸ǶŵѾɵ˵¥ˣȻһ£ͷǹһŵ㣬Ҷһȥһᶯ˵ɲܣ
ʲʲô¥ɻһʡ
ǽдȻһǱ죬˴ƿǽзϮ
¥˲ҽһۿҪճɿͻȻһѩϢӽ淽¥˶ʱ˱Ŀ飬һëޣĿĽڣһǱѩӱ⣡


048 ͷ
¥ңôǱסһ
һγ¥˾һ㱻˵֮⣬վ̧ͷͷ͡
ƥĵͻȻ˹вƥɲǼȼ
¡һԭƿһ󶴵ǽȫһߴ˶׳̤˳֣񣬰ԲͦȥϸߣֻԼֶŶۣһֵľ޴ͭ࣬ĺɫӣһݻʹ̸ֽУ
Դ޹һЦָŴ߳ķ˶󺺷գƵ˵¾ȫĸְɣүһֶΣҲΪĺܱ𣡡
ߣ
ͬʱ˵һ޴ͭӭͷ˹ͭһ´棬ʱһƬ
ʱ֪ΪʲôЩ֮Ǳ˴ùǶϽۣͬʱͬһչˣԭλݻʹеıϡ
Դ޹ЦٿȻӭȥ֮ʱӰѾһ£ΪӰʧԭˡ
䣡
ĴܿϱֱӺһ޿ӳ

ԴٴֳεʱѾǷ˶󺺵ҪѨû뵽Ǿ޺ķʴ󣬶ȴǼ죬Ȼڲ˼ٶתдԴ޵ĹתַԴ޼սһ
ɱ
ҶԴͬʱӦеʱ򣬽ֵķ֮ϣͻȻֳӰÿ˶ǻưĳۣ׽ͷǰŰݻ̵ı־÷ѩɱ˹
벻Ȼб¹ᵽݻ̵ˣڽͷ˴ģͻϮˣһ˲䣬Ҷ˱ΧС
Լ
÷ѩ˵źХһƬͻѩɢΡ
аҲ΢΢һЦٿȻӭɱİݻͽʩʩȻ˹ȥ
ϢسʣӰһаʧȥӰʮݻͽǰͻȻһ㶣ʺѪ䣬ŵ˭ûп
˧һ֣һèҪҪɱĺԱߵĵ̵С
Ҹʲô
ҿΪãΪҺá㵱Ҹ϶أɱķҿȥûǸ϶ǲǴɱķҲǰְš
أôţͷβ̲סԷ̡
һü˵˵ôϣʲôط¥ǡ¥֪ݺܾۼս֮ءݻôĵشɱҸ϶ƾʲô֣ôǰװҸ϶Ͷʵô
˼ǣǰæ
ƨǶûӡʶʶҸ϶ı£հһ¾͵ķɡ
һ̴Ĵָ޵ţƣ˴ܶô֪ܣ
ǵȻȥ
һȣٿȻ˺
һѴӭȥһѾͳһȥһƾͰѶ˳ȥһ£ײ˷ţʱһɰݻͽע⡣
ɱ
ʱгʮײƴţɱ˽
㹷յҵƣŭ
ӹݹĸֵһݻͽϵһ͵ǰֱֵӲ˶ԷŵУͬʱٺЦ֪䡭
үͷʰ㣬ɱȥ˵
˫һһϣʮѵͬʱУһŤ֮һʮѵϣݻͽȻУ˫һơ
ݣݡ
ʮѶ۵ĵ⽣ͬһ䣬ʱǰһ˵ӣ䵹һƬ
ݻ̵ĹƵʱһ
¥
ȻһȣͷҲص¥ȥ
㱻˻Ҳֻø¥

벻ݻ̻й
Ҷһָɹɾ뽫ħһǡѪơɢǻɫľ綾ûüɢ
ǰĹʽһֱҵĳѪӦһҩѣͻһҲǵĻ㡣
ҶŶһͷˡ
ǡѪȷǻԹǿֻҪõõԽԼĻԹиʴЧһ񹦾
ҶǰһһȻʵһðݵ˭Ṧ˸ǿʥʲô
һȻûϵҶȻ⣬ɫһȵҶģɱģģһҼ٣ҿôӵ졭


049 
ʱҶ˵˼ðԼʱһ㶣вɵúɲС˵ô˼ðԼ͵ϮҶˣҿֻǳ֣ûرصĽ֣˵˹ݾߣǰȺԼҪԸô
Ǹ˻˭
Ǻ֮ˣҶһ仰Ȼ֪٣ԼѾзҡ
ͬʱҶˣҲɻȻ֪£ѵǸѷǵУԼһ˵ô˭ʲôĿģ
ҶƣֵӦ
Ƚ֮£Ҷռ˲ƣıѾ߳һߣʶƬ֮Ѿ˰״̬
ͬһʱ䣬а÷ѩ԰ݻ̵Ĺͬʱɱķ
÷ѩѪʶÿһн֮˶⣬һȴһѪҺ
аĽǹ죬ûѪҺ쮷ɣԼѾѾѱ̽һ˵š
ڶ˵Ĺ£ݻ̵ĽͽͬһƬƬصȥ
ֻԴ޵սȽϼ࣬Ƿ˶󺺵Ļ棬Ӧߵ¶ˮðʪ͸ʪ͸ֱ¿ɣ϶Ѿð̣·һ㵭գǺˮ֮µη֡
ء
սȥһӣԶһĳ
ʣͺɹ֪ͨĳаˣĸٳ߸˹
ã
ֳֻİݻʹһȣȴ
ߣ
аһȣ˹Χ֮ƣ÷ѩҲ˹֮󣬿бڵľʱĥյʱ½һ
Դ޹һЦܹſֽţըˡ
һҲŭһͬʱҲԼȷСҶû뵽ʵԼ޷ȡʤҲѹԼֵܲ˼ҵĶ֡
յĺԸͻһƣҶ̧֮ȱܡ
ҶŭȣȴǰЦôĶ󣬶Էڿˡ
ʥͬСɣһҪǲȷʲôˣպвõıǹƾԼ˵ʶܸ٣ҵ
Ǽתܣϲŭ׷ȥ
˫ճȥʮɵľ룬ֵĴͻȻɢһӰҶҲҪĿٶͻϮ󡭡
ٱٿȻתԷ֮󾪺һ㡭
飡
һɫľ޴ӡؿ֮ϣԷĻ
ɫͬһ㣬任絶罣죬紸һ任ƣɫɳڣÿ仯һƣ㳤һأͬʱҲܵһια任ɳڣؿػ
ڵڶµĹ֮ʱĻѾȫ飬ʣµļȫӡ壬⽫󶥷ɳȥʮɵľ롣
һŵı͵ϮţҪ˵ʲôȴڶԷĹ£ÿһιŻѪ
һл֮󣬳ֽ֮գٿȻſ
飡
ڰбըȫѪ⻯Ϊ촷ۣڿγһĺ컨
֦컨쳣
֮ԳˬʵЦ⣬ߺȵ޳ܼͽһο㻹ӣ
ġħȻ͵Ϯɣɱ˸ʬ޴棬ܻ֮Ҫҡ
Ҷأǳ֮һĵ⣬ɵЦһ˧ĺüʱ
˧췲ɫȻһŹЦڸסеŭЦҶĪᣬΪЩɳҲ֪ĿҶ㣬ʶһ·棬ҲʱС˧ĳҶֵΪϣҶֻܲҪ֡
ҶЦŵ˵ͷһűΧķ˶󺺻ȥֱӰ˧췲ֱһߡ
˧췲俴ҶȥıӰ˫ֲԾս

벻ǰݻʹ˽ƻȻڽֵڵķһͨ˴ĵصڣΣʱ̣Լ˻˵ˣǿбȫֹ˵׷ȻУŵصֱߡ
Ҷ׷ϹҲôˡ
ͬʱߵģЩ䵱Ʒİݻͽڡ
ĳа֮˸ϵֳʱѾȫһƬǽ壬ֻصİݻͽʬ˵֮ǰսľҡ
ߣ
ҶкԴ޵ˣתȥֳ˹ͺ
˹ĺ˵˵Ȼܹ㶨Ща˸ֵ׷ʡ
ֳѱа˵Χɲʹ߶ڳϸ۲죬ҵ˿
ҲвΧһߣһһ󻨲Ķ˵˵Ҵţơ
ﳬʮİݻ̵ӣǱһС޵׵ơġ
ߵģһ߷ұһȭҷʣµˣſڵϹ̣ȴһŶ£ֱӲ˸ϡá
ߴ͵ġ𡱽ֻ䣬֪ҶߵСں˵˵࣬ҲǸҶôôһ׳մġ
һ·۲죬ֳĺۼƶϵʱĳ
ߵҶֽĳأħߵĵطʱ̲סƲȻʵûóɣ߶ԷôߣҶСȻթӡ
ǰУߵħ˧췲һдྡĵۼ̲֮סɫ䵱
ּ˼֮󣬽Ŀ˵ôܣȻǾľԹɽľġڡֵﵽ˭¼仹ʲô˻񹦣úݵֶΣþ˼֮˸ûҪڣöԷ˵仰СնħȴЩɱڰ
𡱽ҿһۣԶԶسŻڴţƤĹȵιǸСӡɱʲôˣ
ǺһЦǸݲļթ֮ͽֻ֪˧췲
˧췲˧췲
飬һתɿر˻ȥ׼Ľر

ҶڵʱǳĬ
ۼпܸ˳ϵʥ鱨û뵽Ǹù˧췲ȻͻȻ֣øո¶ߵʥٴ֮С
ͻı仯ҶҲһơ
Դ̾˿һǵ֮бΣأֶһڰʥǺڵͬǸƹĳȻɰ붼ͷʹ
аɲеıȻˮڡаĺôƣͬһƣ˭˭Ӯδ֪
ԴһʲôʱҲѧƨˣźеʵʲôû˵ǵȻ֪ҪӦԣؼôӦԺòã
Ҷʱ򿪿ڵ˵ʵûǲ̫ʥҲһʥǸ⣬ʥǰѰģôֻһ˳֣أ
аϡһʣ˵ֻǴһҪעǸ˧췲иֵĸоһΣԣһ㶼Щǲй֮
ԴʣΪʲôо
аҡҡͷ֪ĸоУȫƣһָоΪ˴ﵽĿģκܸɵóûһ˿һĶܹԼΪҲ˵ҿ
̵ķӣҶŴаͬص˵ͷ
Ҷ̾˿վߣһһ˵ˣˣߵ鷳Ѿ٣Ҳһˡ
֨ѽһű򿪣ĿԺվӰһԺϵѻ
СĿĻ޷˵עĿϸİɫǺĴڣ˶ΪѲˡ
ô۵СȻ˶ôȤŷ˼һ㣬Ĺš
ˣһһŮһ׵һʱˣһ¹ӡ
һôˣҶε̾һ֪Լ鷳£ֶһ
һ˧췲ҪͷʹĶ֣ɽϵġᡱ

ὣɡ
ɽ˰ü˵ġԪڣϧ֮ȱ֮ƪʶҲ޷ﵽ
첻ˣڽϵĿѰҹȻûа׷ѣȻ廢еõһķȻ˵ҪԹֵǣͨƪȴϰŹȫ㲻Բôֻ̬Ҫ¥Ѩɡ
֮չһ꣬ʱԭЩǵűûȻʣڴɱֶΣĽһ̣ԺǿᣬȻסˡ
ڱչ֮أôɵɵؿһϼ룬ʮգԲȣһû䣬Ҳûй
Ǹ£ӰشԣҲԲȣҲԲȡ
ʮһζϼƼɵһ̣ٿȻվһ̣жòͬ
ʮԲµĵһ仰ǡ
ߣȥҶ
ǣµ˵ͷڶ죬˱̤;

ҶԺʱ֪Լ鷳ˡ
һľԲᡣ
˵ǰһѷƥĿ콣ʱ̶˵ˣôѽѾâ²С
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ԭлһᲢδתĻмѰ㣬Ʈ˹
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ᵭȻ΢ЦʵΪͣ޽
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ڽһУ
ҶЦнһУԽ
һɲǣͬʱЦˡ
ǵЦΪߵ·Ȼͬƺ;ͬ飬Ȼͬʱ޽֮
ȻнʵǱҶ˵Լ޽ľ
˵ķ֮⣬޷
һ̣֪Դһһ̿ʼǾѾڽˡ
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050 
Դ޺аһЦӯӯһǰСԺѯʵĸ·һһأڸղż䶯¥ǵĽ֮ǵĽֻԼֵܱˣСĶһЩ
СԺ֮ڣҶߣٿȻֱĬ
Եһɫ֮һҶ˸൱
УҶЦؿŶᣬȴЩɵؿǰ龰
Լ߷Χ֮ڣʯѾ촷ۣǱԼĽ÷顣
֮⣬ﻨɣ¥ǵľȻûиСԺһ˿һĶƻֱǲܷ
ĵȷȷطǰ
ҶٺһЦƵֹȻòȻ˳̶ȣҶĳǿսƽ¹˶ã±Ҫʰ·ˡ
ϵ˷֮ɫԣȴٿȻ̧ͷɲͨ죬ŷܴһŭҶҲٺģ˱ˣĳǲ󱲣ôѵô
Ҷһ㶣˵֡
һģ
һתߡ
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ҶҡͷЦ̾ϢȻҲǹҶһ٣һٰ
˵תͷȥ
˾˿ȥû뵽ҲǸһȫһԵı顣
⡭ү˵Ҹ϶«ʲôҩʵ
Դһۣߵң˭
һָԱߵа
ӵġţԴ޸뿪ڴȴһ㶣Ϊʱа¶һָ̬ʱţʱɣʱǣʱƺһܸӵԱ
ιӣôˣԴСʲôķ֣ʵ㿴Ҷʲôô
а̾һˣҶӮˣô򵥡
ΪʲôĿģ
аָָ·ĵ棬ָָҶվλã૵Ľ뿪ߣѾҶֵĽáתơж˰СĽһ˿һͻҶֵķôҶֵĽºΧҲɾˡ
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Դ޵ͷ˵ͻƲҶӵķôҲ䡣
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а̾ϢҶֶԽĿ˿ɵУҲǿһ㣬䡣ֻǸҪǿˣԼƽ˼ңҶȴҪⷴǵ󶯸λˡ
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Դ޿аȻüͷɵúʵȻѾ⿪ܣΪʲô㻹üӰĪǿ˽ϸ߹㣬Ľʺޣ
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÷ѩԴޡаңεҲǼһż
ǿ粻ż龳Ҳֹ龳ڣľϲͻƣٴͻһҪߵĲȥ
Դֹ˵ýĸ֣ܹԼˣʵڲࡣǼ֮Ҷǲ֮ĽʲôӦ֮˰ɣǵһֲķأ
ͬʱ˿˼Уȫ޷ƽеħϡ
ʱԶԶдҶһ̾ˬʵشÿ˵ĶȻûķֻʺԼķѡ֮֮֮֮֮ɱ¾ֻ֮ҪΥԼһģԼԻֱﱾģļԣռңسɷ𡣡

һȴҶõָͨڵͭ裬һȴһעˮһ㽽˸ɺԵ֮ϡ
һɲǣ÷ѩ˻Ȼʣͬʱһ𣬶ˡ

֮ݸ׵۸ʵֱ˳ѩɽΧǴصʥ塣
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051 ͻϮ
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콵ĳа˸ȫ˰ݻһֲͻȻ̳ҾȻܹѲߵĽڣֱ뵽̳ڲݻ̵ĸ߲㶼ôһǴɱˡ
ݻ̵̳ɽ֮ϣһ޴ɽͨ˴ݻڴѾʮˡ
ʱڰݻ̳ĺĲλٿݻ̴Ѩ֮Уа˵ݻͽ֮ɱ뵽ҵĵز
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ǸȻܿҪ类ϣѪӿδӳվٴηԴһȥһԽѡ
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052 ɱ
ĽľӽĿѣԵʱݻ̸ࡣȴӽѹȣɴȻͣ˵ջԵֿľеѡ
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ԴΪģƬĳȣöֻ֣ҪֶҪ޴ŬûǰһҪиǿԵֵʥдݳĳǿ
һ̣˵ؾȻ˿Уǿ鳡ǿ̶ȣֻʥľ룬ܿһ
Ľվǰоӽбָ棬һ۳룬΢еضʮĴ
Ľʮ֮⣬Ǩֻḧ棬ÿһθ棬ǰµġӦ𽥷⣬𽥼ȴû˿ͣ˼
˺֮⣬ȶһ࣬ϥڰ֮Уգֻһֻճȣһ֮άһΧȴѣ̣ͬͣɮ޷Զȥ;ף
˧췲ڻ˴ʦʮ֮⣬ɫδйأֽȲͣΧ˹ȴ޷ǰľҲֻ˽ҪǰһȴҪŬ˧췲Ըȫ¶ʵʶվڴ˵أԶĴ𣬲Щ΢΢ڽεĻˮ֮У
Ҷ˵أ÷ѩǲãΪĹͬʱҲΪĹ˵ȻƣʮӲ߳ɣֻվԵĵط޷ǰһ
ҰɣҶ÷ѩֱЦµһȫŵ۹⣬һͷ꽣ͬʱȻǰУҵĹ㳡֮С
ֻƬ̣˱˧췲࣬ҶŶԷһЦԹۣһͥŲسǰȥ
˧췲ͷ΢΢һðʧһЦ֮󣬼ĵĴȥ
˵ľٶһشˮ㳡е˶òƽѹͽѹǸս˵سꡣ
ڼ̨֮µĴ͵۾Ϊ͵ɨ꣬ɳͬɰĦηãõúܡޣҪõö࡭
ǰĽ嵭һЦˣҪλЩԭִ˲ųݻаҰĲҲսһӢܵĿ¸׳Ƴ
ٺһЦʥܣپһСֻҪʥϨԭصڶҹͽȻȻӢŲ٣ϧڶսҰݻʥһԭ֪жٺȸ׳ƳΪצ
Ľ֮Աǣ˫ĳֵôǼȻͶЧ˴ΪδȴκӰ
о͵һлׯԣԭѱ֮ˣȻֵˣ
Ǩʱ˵СպҶȻ׷ǵǺ󻰣˿ΪԼ˵ô
¶΢ЦɽΪǱΧڴ˵ô
ͬʱһֻͷһЦⲻǱյ֮ưˣ
͵վ𣬵ʮҽͬʱŰسҽռһȻԭͣǰнҶˣľˣͬʱɫ䣬Ⱥ죬ȻһʱǵӲȻȥɾ롣
ĻϵҶͺһͷɫŨ˧췲ȴЩԥǷٸҶһʱˡ
ϣ
һ
ǨСɢ亮⣬Ȼһʱסͬʱǰһ˵յ룿üƲߣΣʱ̣Ǽʶһֵµ£ˣǨڴˣֽ̰ݻ̾
˵֮ʱͦǰУԭĽ󣬴˿ȴѾλһɽׯׯߵǰ벻ϽӽתѾ˶ʮɾ롣
סһ֮ɫʤҧأǰֱ׷ܵѹ粽УмһƣӡڱģҶһߣ
ˣ
˺һȻǿǰĲ̱


054 ȺΧ
͵Ǩ֮һŵȫ
ӷŻƶɮȴֲˡնħǵĪƶɮٸȺˣ
СǼĻ˺дʱȻȷѣԭмλõĴУ͵һʨ𣬾ƿѹŴ˶ȥ
С
Ǩ΢¶һЦڻ˺иͬʱһ٣Ⱪǣγɼһһ̨ͬǰĴ𡭡
ԭȶ˸ǰĽȴɫһǰȴδڶһͬԵС
ݣӲܣͬ˵жһ鿴ǳ
û֪𰸣Ҷ֪һʱ̣Щλоӡ
ӽȺʱĽ󻺻ϣаǲÿųơӽļһﶼαСأ
֪
ͻǿŭһϥڵأĴ㶼ûУֻһ͵һ̧
䣡
һŰҽӵҽϰգֱӳǨͻ˺ж˳ȥֻǹ˹ӣ̼ʬ޴棡
Ƶĵػ֮ڶȴͬһ㣬ᣡ
ǨХһг㽣꣬ȻһΪŴȥƻʵ١
˺еľȻһɫ磬ֱǰȥȶХ֮ơ
·һһᣬǨľϼ˺еľȴ׻磻һǿɽҹ꣬һǴǨʱ˺ȴǼֱӣһһգϵûȻ޼䡣

գϰյҽϮ֮ǰϻ͵һǣӲصֿסҽϮҽĳȻ⿪˻һɲǣǵӰҽķΧ˳
˺еṦױǨһȻҽҽţֻǺ֮䣬еҽűʧȫճ˻ҽ
ǴеϹȻ亹ðȴӲûк߳еĹһ׼˴
һ̣ҶڵУλж޶УԵĴ澴壡
úУҲǳȵ
˿ʼģڵصĴҪֵ·ʱȫΨһķֻݱ˵ķ
ԶĽǰͷ䣬СӽԣԳֻ֣Ҫ¶϶ľӽͻ룬ȡ
ܵ˺׳Ĵ̼Ҷͬʱһȣǲܲ˵س˵ˡ
˧췲;ˣҲǲػǰѹ
Ϊأǲɱ˴ݣҲⲻһ
һ̣еĺڰħа̣Ȼһصǿƾʡ
ǱǨĽ˺еľȣߴȫ޷Զ߸߹һġ͵ͷɢɰգ䣬ȴûаֵͼ
ǨХһһգ»һâɢһ֮ڣббѨ
˺л˵һȣһ»ʮӰʮҪѨ
ˡɷ򣬡ɼ䷱ۻҡ
ĽҲţͻȻ٣󱳵һ׼ħ˿ʱ·һ֣ƶˣͬ졣
ת˲һȣдͷѨͺʮѨ
ڽȻĿͬһɲǣȡƽغף˫͵سһУΧԲʮеҽͬʱӿ˰գֱӳ˾ȻðɺҵĻλסȫ
Ǩͻ˺ж˱ͬʱжԷʯӴĵطȻͬڻϣĸоҲûУעھһʧӰ٣ŸǴöһƫһ˲侹Ȼһݵĸо
ʱҽУǴȻǺˣֻ¶˵͵ʬ޴ˡ
һ޹˺Ȼ֮£ˣĹƵʱ߽⡣
顭
յҽڵס˵ߣһ̣˶ֻõ洫Ӳƴ
죬ա
һʱ֮䣬˵ȾȻֲںδҽ֮ڵεΡ
ƣ
һ𣬵ҽ˲ƿһ󶴣ҫУӰǱسˣغǱ
Ƕ˳֮ҽٴ£¶˴Σϣ㳾мɱ֮ǰıӺ
˶һǨ˺ж˾㶼ڣǱǨ飬ˣ˼࣬ԱߵĻ˴͵һȣȴǴӿѪһ𡭡
У
Ǩһ䲻ʶغὣ̣һһѳסſǻң
һ֮£Ǩֹס˽Ĺ˷
ֻǺ֮䣬˺Ϊ棬ֻ̼࣬Ҫɻңʬ޴档
ڸոյһҽս֮УǨǱԷָɨУϹһֻ۾˴жԷȭڶ˳ҽΧ˲䣬һӡ˴еıĴ
ȻҪǻ˺ŬǨһƵܺ߾ǨԼ
ʱҶһѳסĻ˴У͵һֱ֣÷ѩصɤˣ
ˣ
ʲôʱ÷ѩѧҽأ
ЦСӣܽҵġʥԪơƺЦ飬Ȼܲ˵ؿȻЦ
˵û˵ӡУ˰ݻ̡ʥԪơˣᱻһ壬Ǵڶķգʹ̣Ϊҽ
˿ɶ㣬˿ҽ
֣ϰݻ̸ֽ֮󣬵óľ̸֮
¶⡣
Щؿֻ÷ѩϰգӹ˺е˲䣬Ө׵ıѩѾ֣˳ܷܷ֣˺еļ˲⣬ڣʱѾɫĹȫһ飬ڵһȻҲϨ
Ȼ˱⣬ʶ˺΢ƺԴ˳ʱԣֻѳԷˡ
һ̣˶˵ֻҶ΢΢һЦһֱƶ
Ŷԭˡ
Ƭ֮˷ŻȻԭ߱ϵĸֲ֣ܹŰＴ㲻ҽڴ˵ȴһ֮
̫ǾģѹʲôʱҲģݵ˲һ򿴲ôΪʲôˣʱŭ쳣ԭţƤ벻̼ͱƣϲ˵ڵб˸Ķ⣡
Ľ忴УһЦ֪󱲣һһаĿˣѹĸ˵ˣݡɡĸҲѾˣǰݻڼ


055 а
ɣĿѸȺѰ͵ضסϵֻһۣɵĵʿ
ϵһЦƶ壬Ȼһɵ֮ϧϵȴһԱ
ĿɨҶĵһĻؼʱʲôսԼϸһᣬסа̽ɣ
Ҳ䣬ֱЦҶɵʮĴӡ
Сҵܵ
𲻵Ҷ˵꣬Ѿŭһֱ
ţ
ɵͻλа̽ڣ̫TMDˣ
˵ǰǰľɳɺޣֵҶϣҲȻûʲôĵġ
ҶҲǲʾϸӾǰԶڴ˶ֱȻǨϼˣʶҲӰһΣӭȥ
Էּ죬

ŭУϻ£ȻΪһŻֱҶʬ޴棡𺣡
һף
Ҷͬʱ²飬˫㣬ȥд̳ûдʵ壡
ʲô
˰ϮҶһ㣬ӰͻȻΪִұɢ䣡
ͬһϻĽҶȴǼ䲻ݷض˿
һ£ҶеӰһ٣ͻȻɴӰ䲻룬ӭֱҶ
Ҷǽ򣬺η壬΢ڣ㼴ˢһ⣬ʺ˹ȥ
һ̵ÿ켫ڴʱٿȻϳһǰųһߣҶĽ֮ǰݵһ£ƣֱڴʺϿ˸ҽȴ壬Ǳİɲĵӡ˹ͬʱһһ˳űӡ
ҿȻȸû
ȴԭǴ˻ֻ֮Ҫлڵĵطתʵ֮壬޷ϳĸÿγּֿ֣죬ȫɱ
򲻵֣ԼȴòֲǨͻ˺ǿ֣Ķ֡
Ҷ֮£֪ƽδǿУֻҪһԷʩչֽŵϾԼʱ񽣡ȫչֻһǵĽͬһ㣬´̳ӲסӡƣӲȿһ࣬һ֮
סһ޵ܸ߰
ѹܻһϮǴҶһˣȻʹ˶ԸǨͻ˺жʱһУҶѹʱ
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ƾճһڶǿܿٿȻмӿȥȻЩҲɱһѹ
ҶȻӰķɵֻ̼䣬һģɢĿڴﵽһһ֮䣬ڻеĴ𾪲֮࣬ȻһϮӰڻжʱͻ˳
ҶϷһָȥ
һ֧ͬӻֳԭΣ˺εӡһǡ
ˣ
ǿҵʱԴΪ⵴Ļֱӱɢ¶˴ϵľ֮ɫƣҶ˫ɱֹ
ᣡ
˭Ļᣡ
һŭ𣬰׹ƥգĻһˣһͬ˴ıͬʱģ˧췲;ȻŹ˵ʱһȻ˰ģҲв˴İΣ
˻Ҷȴ岻ؿʼֱ˦ȥʮԶۼҪҽ֮УӰһնһקҶֱӶ󷽵÷ѩתȥս֮С
Ҷ֮󣬰Ӷãлգ̫Ԫ񹦡ĹҲƽϢֱ÷ѩһ˫ְڼϣ֮裬ƽϢڵĿȡ
ʱҶһתͷŷӽڴĵطʱıӻԼͻ˺У˵ǨҲһ˴˴
ýԱһĿǨӿҶȴǺܻ
ҶЦҡͷԼƴҲʱСѡ
ʱսңҶĻᣬĻΪ׵֣ΧŴһ񹥣ûм϶ĹûʱµҽΪԼɼˣֵҲûôκơ
ɶϣ
Ǩһĵ棬Ӱٴη𣬲ڵٴȥ
ҶʧͬʱҲ֪ʱҲųȥ
ʱǰһƺߣ˧췲ˣС˴һ֮ȴ֪ʲôаŹ򣬾ȻǡʥԪơƲ˳ȥֻЩˣȴûܵԪ˺
Сӣ
𾪺һһȥ˧췲Σֱӽߵ÷˳ȥͬʱ˫һһһһĻ塢˺Ķʮ
ǨҶϮʱǡĽ;˶֮ƾȻǿάһƽ⣬ȴѹסַֺ
һɽׯˣ
Цо˲ҽһֻΪ棬βסˣһȻݣֱһԼնϣֹ˻ӡ
ͬһʱ̣ĻеľӽһѹУһ죬ʥеġֱӷУ͵һն
Ļ循һֱˣֻһ໮ӽϢȫ޵ֱӶϳأһ£Ϊһ̯ˮ
ӽȻһ֮±ڻˮ
ǵöߵ¶Ȱ
˵ʲôģȻšһ㶼̣
̼䣬ĴΧľ棬ֻһ˿֧ţ
ʱǨҶȺһЦһն
һĻ˿лƣһθӿһһӵ漲Ϯ
Ǩɱӣ
ŶӰϿЦһͻȻѸײڶ֮ƣ͵סĳֱֻӲţ
Ȼǹ᲻֣ΪľǵǨɱӣĳ֮ɼһߡ
Ҫ
еǨһȫԪ۳һҪһس˹ȥ
Ҷһ˱֮ƶδֵܵסĹǨУһ˶Է˼
ʱĵʱ֮ˣᶪһԲ൹ͬʱָһĲ棬ҪܿԷһ

ָĽͬںӴ֮ϣʽ㹻ڴǰȴһ£ֱ
ǧһ֮ʣҶ͵طԭʽ˫ǰһƣһݺסת͵ظеһɾϮֱӱҶõ˳ȥ
Ѫ֣
ҶþȫĻǴۣϵֱےɳȥбֱӻΪ˻ҽ


056 ΣڵϦ
һƺߣˣˣŲ֮һųŴСȥ
һһŵʱſա

һǨҪĿıǨЦһÿһŵͬʱ͵һǨ֮ľ롣
ǨȻ׷ȥнʩչ˼£һ׺ľ𣬺𣬺ڳˮԻ
ԪȻʱڴ֮ݺӵһʱ֮侹ȻȵˣҪֹԷĹƸѹ
˭óǨƴ˼أƴԳ˶ãһҵ֮;ɥ֮ա
Ҷд󼱣ᣬ˲ÿƣֱǰȥͬʱŭ˰
ľˣȥᣬȥǨ
ȻһһֱۣˣĻٶȺʵܹҶһ֧ԮǨɾҶǰһɲǣĻͻȻһ嵽ߣѨֹסѪŸߺһСЪΪ㱨𣡡
һ飬ԭܼʱ֧ԮĻ壬ʱλҶ嵽ǰҶͬʱĵҲһ񺮣ĻװɵƺȴʮϺһ
ǨǰƴԼϣλӵȱգܳŴǨƴ֮ˣͬʱΪУرηսָһã
ҶΪԺһֱиȺİʶλġΪĸܶǻˣȻϣҶԼҲǴܶϵĲ²⣬Σ޷λеľӡڵĸס
ҶĻսеĶʱھ䣬Ǩϰٽ֮λ͡Ǩ˱۵һѪнƵʱһЦһһΣͬɽһ㣬ҵҽ͵ͻʮҽ۶ɵĳǹǨһ´󲿣ҽǹźС˻ɶʮɿ⣬ҶĻͷٷɹȻĿǰ
һ̣ʱ·һ㣬ɴ˫ۣŵؿʹֵĸףҵҽѸ͸ڣǨ࣬ʹǳҽȴʯظѾ죬·Ҳѻ췦
䣬ʯɣ;Լ˫ȹǦһ㣬ƴҪǰȥȴشԭأͷ·һʯͷס˵
Ǩһʱûж֣ѵָᡭ

ŷξоѣ˫һƽɽһ˶ʹôҪң
Ǩһǣһ˿Цȫ飬޽ҲȲء
ʱѪ˿ش۶ڱ
ʱ󺧣ƴΪøѪ
Ǩץס˶ӵ֣ᶨص󲮣Ҵˡɽ
ƴصͷ
Ǩ촽лҪ˵΢á
æͷȥֻ״Ϣţˮ˻𡭡
ͷһ࣬һͣǡ
˴֮У·룬ֻεŸԽԽ֣ȴץԽԽ
ȻЦңңǨһ񣬼ЦǺοࣿԶʥ壬ʥ𵱼ƷôԺ򣬻Ȫ·ϣ˵ģ
˵
ҶȻŭ˿̱ʹģʹ飬濴˱ɱֳ޾Բ죬Էǹôʹ࣬ȶˣǷʹ
ҶŭǰĻǴȴ֮٣ЦٿȻԾһҽ֮С
ô书Խҽ֮ƣϾǷ֮壬ֿܹסҽĸ£
ҶĻٿȻ׷ҽϣϸһͬʱһҶǻͷŭСģҽص
쵰
ҽеص֪Ǻβ̾ͣȫյû죬ҽһɫҵĸ¸ܹͨܵģҽĻ˸޷жҽصûϤصķóȻ룬·һ
ĻʱҲɫ䣬ҲҪɢ۵һ
ʱΧ˧췲;˴ͬʱһ˲ɾҽͻȻӿһӰԼٶˣˣ˶ˣ׵壬бжϣǰһѪ֣޴˺۴ֱұ£ҪṦף㱻ƶǣˣҲ˲ɥʧսһߵ˧췲֮Ҳʹ˻֪ͳسֵ˶ʮУĽ֮£ǺĹĿ¾Ȼûжۣ漣
ҶĻʱϵŭһתͶһҽС
ۣ
ֱߣ˧췲һƨڵϣʼڵѪ˫٣¶ֱ۱յͨ죬ҲͣزȻղŵĹУѾΪ̵ĵز
۹Ļȣ˲Ա࣬ḸҲڴ˴ֻʣ÷ѩ˵Ļ˴У˵ĻĺǳǶ˶ȥġ
÷ѩŻ˴зٱҶǰӭȥһʱ̣ԸԼİԶߣԸۿ֮Լǰɥ
÷ѩԽԽ˫ľȻĻ˴Уȴͻһׯ֮࣬ĿḸһɨ˫ĿգĬţ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷĵײһɾ򣬴ҪǵǨʼÿ˵±ذܵӣʱУֻʣĻ廹һս֮Ϊ߽սȻ÷ѩ˶֣Ȼ˴к÷ѩѾһ㣬Ѿ˾Ȼľ
ͬһģԻĻ壬кԶĿĺȻǴ̼Ͽ֣ϢҲ˲˶㣬һ׼
ĸ֮Ļϰλоѵ޽֮ȴһƽҡ˵أ˵ǳǸ
Ҫ
ҲҪΪðգ
Ҷɫ¶һƻȻǰ˳ȥ
顪
һ죬Զһҽӿɸߵ͵ҽӰȻһţ̼ʮƻ곯Ŷ׹¡
ʱԭǰܵ÷ѩͻȻҶ¶һ˿΢ЦȻת
Ҫ
Ҷ־УɲǼ䣬ѩѾХӭŻ꣬ƶϡ


057 ʤһ
ѩԻ꣡
һɲǵĹ⾰Ǽµ𣬰ѩס
µĻ꣬ǳҽȴ˲ڼӲʣڣɾ
ֻƼ󣬱ѩ֮һӴ¶ƣ񱩵Ļѹ±ѩѹ͵ķΧۼ÷ѩһգҪ³ͻȻ˴һŭ̵ֱҽ֮С

ʮɸߵľ޴ҽбϣ̣ɳȵҽ쵹䡭
ǣ֮뻯ҪҵӰֱѱȵ졣÷ѩıѩԽƳ
Ҷǰ˫ʮָһؽҽ֮УڵҪţֻΪܱƳڡ
֮䣬Ѽףڣңң֪

ĹЦ˷׹һдһʱٴУ̿ԱֻҶѩ֮Уһס÷ѩ֣ʣ಻ҵعȥѩ֮ƣȻ࣡
С
Ȼл۶ҽΧ˱ѩΧͬ쫷磬ȶ䣬ڿкХԿ
Ҷ÷ѩ˺Ҳ̲סˡ
ԶĻɫأ˫ʮָʮ۳ʮŻһȴҲ֮
ڵȴɥȪֻҪĻ᲻֣ҲȻ֡
Ϊֵ֪ĻֻһΣɥʧҲζ˵ıı
ͣ
죬ѩ֮ѾܣڴʱȻһХͻȻӵԾ𣬽ֻȫƴʹһ
ɲǼ䣬ͬκϮ˲ʪ͸ԪеˮԪˮƣΧٴΰΧסҽ쫷磬ǱѩǺˣһ̣Ǵ޵УҲһ˲䱻˸ֲ
ͬһʱ̣ѩеҶͻȻһ㣬˫һ䣬ͻȻ佣úˣÿһ㽣ҽһ飬һ˲䣬ڼͬѹƻϵһѧ֮һġ̫Һ
챦ͨ赡ϼصĸ񹦣֮һġ̫Һɽ˵ġԪѧʱһʩչȻγأƲ
ˮƣˮ
˫ؼл֮£ҵҽ˲̳˺ɫڱѩ뺣˵ļл£ɢ飬̵ҽӰһ¶һȡ
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һţ˴ƿҽΣȻ˵˹ȥһ˸ţεץס˴ȣ
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Уȫͻԣŭޱȵһӡ£л˴еͷ
һ𣬻˴еʱεرŴ壬֣
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𾪺͵ػתƣҪܿһͻȻ䣬һɾסһȣȴҶʹݺסֹƣ
ʮʱƶʮͷǣ͵мĴ
𱩺һϻ㣬ͷųֵϮ

׹ͬʱڿзɢ
ŴȵĻ˺УʬɲǼֱɢӰ١˵ȣ⒁ɣĻڣûܹվˡ
ǿıеҶ߬÷ѩƣϷſֺ
һг䶨ûһ˻ȸԾ
Ļɫ԰ףϥָ
˧췲ˣѴѵµҩһ˹ˣ
Ѱ׵źǰĬ
Ҷ÷ѩĽϷ֡
˶ΪսѾʱ򣬳һЦӲԶ˺ȻȥֻڣѪԿõ࣬Ťɣ¶ĹͷѪ⣬ͷһ
ңҶ֪µĶû˵
һ̵У˼顣
ǺãǹȻãΪͻɱôΣʥձպȻʦż御
ţԷܣ
Ҷһ£ȴû׷
ԷҪû٣ɱңȴҲѾǲܡ
ԷȻδܵ˺صĶ࣬¶˵һ䣬пܻᵹڵ
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˵꣬ԾҽУֻϤص˵أٵˡ
ǿߣ˶һͬʱ˵ĵҲȫ
һ˿µĵ˴ڣβǺأ
˺һµĿ̾ÿµһˣĹԶҵ󡭡ʧ̫ˣɽλʵС
˧췲Ϊ԰ɱֶζԸǣ¼ǴţҲԵֵ
ҶʵʵһΪûм˸֣
Ļ嵭˵벽񻰣벽񻰣
䵭Ȼеɫȴزס
벽񻰣
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ҶȻԤϣʱҲⲻЩԾֻ¡ʮҲֻСĽ֮һߵ˰ɣ
Ǳԭʹɱ֣ǡĽ֣˿ѹأ
ʦߣ˭֪ʵʵΣԵ˵˲࣬µĸ־Ƕġº麣һ棬ԶڶԮġ˾ͽ壬¾㲻ȡʤˡ
ѵķųȥһħԭֵĺƽپʹ˵ô
һʱ䣬ͷѹֵ˼£

ͻأʵĸͱ֮£˭Ҳ뵽ºȺɽлһɽȡ
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Сȣ㡣
÷ɴأ಻֪Ļİ׵ģϼεɻ
ʯ֮£֮УһʯʯɫѪԼ˸ߣʯмһѷ죬һͨ
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ͻȻ䣬ʯѷ֮Ȼһ磬֦ͷϵֻܵţҪȴͻȻţӿ׹䡣
ǧ˲佹ݣ̵֦ҶۿɼٶȿݻơɱȻȼա
һжӰѷл߳ÿһ̤ؼ䶼һӰĳ֣ƬԴ˲˵𺣡
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ŭˣĺǣΪԼһиۡ
޾Ķ˼䡣
Ǿ߳ѷ죬֮ȴȻһ˫Ȼɵü󣬲ŵضųڲԶӰ


058 ħۼ
ǻ᲻÷ѩ㺹죬ŲͣðݵҽأߵҶ
߬ŶԷ裬ҶȻᣬò˶Ǿ뿪ˡ
Ա߲Զ˧췲һҶֻǲҪˣ£˵صҽУֻдǸϲ֪ôߡ뿪ô뿪
˸Ŷϱ۴˵ҪִˣǺסľʯƿźã
Ļҡҡͷѣѣѡ֮ǰǾʯסһֻֻ֣б֮һֶɽ֮ڣҪʮľʯǳܹ쵽ġʯʼӲ·Ǵ˵ֻܺĶʯ˺صʯͷæҪòͨأ
Ҷʱ˵ʲô⣬뿪ʥ塭
ʲô˼˧췲΢۾ʵֻҪ뿪أص䣬Ȼǳɱȥˣѵݻлʲôܵס²ɣ
Ҷݻڵȷ˧֣㲻Ҫˣ滹ǧƵͬܳȥأܹ뿪ʥмˣ
˧췲Դһȣ˵ƨ¡ĻһƳ÷ѩԼ˵Ļ϶ƻԼ󣬹ʶвޣȴƵûз
ԱߵġоӡĻʱ˵ҶСԼǣǲֻԼȴͬİΣڲˣ뿪ݻ̽أҲȻɱȥһлý¡ҶС˵뿪أȴ֪
г˴֮⣬˵۾Ҷ
ҶЦЦǸġ
˧췲ڣ˶֪ҶģȻҶֵȻµһλֵȴܹ
ʲôֵܣʲô˧췲ԼֱҶˣˣôʳĻԼе塣
ҲһԻؿҶֻĻ¶һ˿Ȼı顣
ҶȻһЦҲõģǸֵܣܻ򶴡

׻˵úãĺӻ򶴡仰ɲ˵ЦģλλιҿǵʥͽܣʦǱ¿ɲǴҪʯţǿ˱ˣ۸Ƕֲаգ
ԴһʯԱתƣһ߶ĸǿں
аһԵǽϣﱧǰѡضŲԶ۲ݵĸš
азļλǨ˺Сݰݻ̵Ľ֮УߵһɽׯĻ壬Ҳһʯ֮ĵطʣµĳа˴ʱνȺףЩȨĶʦ̫ȴΪŮ֮ϲ磬СɮԲʺﲻͣڣǵڶɶɽһ̾˵Χ
ʱаһѱݻɱΧ˴˵أԭĲ֣ǿֵס˵˵Ľƴɱ˶ṳ̂һƺָսİݻͷĿҲֱָȽѶԸʶһӲ·ΪΧ뽫
һɢɳ֣ʱҳһţҪûΧ˵в˾ѾΪʣ಻Դˡ
Դﺰ˺ɤӣЩݴүƳƳһۣΪηеԴ۲ݡ
˲ԶĹضڵϣ̹¶飬廨½ȺȵģԴȡյ˵˵үʡʡɣȺһھȹϵϣͷˣ㻹Ǳǣôܡ
Դ̾˿ֹͣ˺Цô֪Ⱥ׳ո˷ѹ򣬿ǰѽݻ̽صܷˣӽܣ˵Ƿֹа֮˳ûƻأҿбµǰѻش򿪰Լ򲻿ñ˶֣TMD
аĿ⼰ԶŶ濴ʮɵӣ˵һյʱ䡭ô
һյ裿ʲôһյ裿ȻԺ֪صĴ̿˵ʲô˼аǷСԴȻ׺ʲô˼
ʮŵӣɱ֮ԸɸֹΪȡһյʱ䡣
һ֮ԼŵȫܹһյʱѾ൱൱ţˣаɱʵҪ˵Ȼಫ˱ľġһյʱ䣬»ǲ
Դ޵ҡҡͷû˵ҡΪ˴룬ҲȫûбҪЩʿ
Ҫöʦ̫ʢүһ˽ԣʯţ˵ƺ«˽ʱ̣Ҳԣ顣
һ̲סȺݴүǻߵİôλҵľټµȵȫͨҲùȥ졣
ֶнôԴ޲Ͷҽֱӿʵ
ٺһЦý̤̤棬˵Ȼа취Сһ켣ʱ򣬵ͷû˻ҲɹĹĹΡٺ٣ﵲסľʯǹʵȴǲ
ԴһԴĴָ佱ֶð취
аʵô±֣
һҪأô¶첻ãһǵʥͽôҸĵطװʺڣ˵ߵǰֱӴһǹ˳һȵ˹ȥ

һãһ
۾ɵԲǰԶľ⣬˼ãﻨ㣻˿ԼĽ£ȴһƬ𺣣˼
ãôʱͺبǰԼαȣǴطҲá
ʮ⣬ԭΪԭ̬СȣȻڶ˹ĺۼ
ҵĹľԱ޼üΪ룬ӲݴĵƽɾҰ֦Ҳ£еһôʮɶߵĴ޼룬֦ϾȻ˸ɫգէһȥɫΪ󡭡
±ߣһոսɵľͤʯʯʼΪȫóȫڵȡģԼٶȴɵġ
ʱͤڵĵĵ̺
ʯϰڷһƺƱʯ϶һˣãҸһ澣˼ɫҡȣΪȷ
ߣӢа죬ƳüΪΪ˾ǣԷȻۣϵʶĿͷţ۴СŻľ࣬Ŀࡣ
˱֮ƺ޳Ŀ¶һ˿Ц⣬ϵˣ޶˰ʱӦ÷
˫Ŀâ㣬һѿڵƵУ


059 
Ҷƶ˼Χ԰ģ÷ѩǰĵĻУ΢˫ۣһҸģȴҲһԵ˧췲޵ֻϣֵڽҽطźãͬʱҲǵģϣܹЩ뿪Ҫĵط
˱쳣Ĭһ̣ʧȥۣ˲зϣͬʱʧȥĸףһֱѧϰİΪ̵ӢۡͻȻȥҾǰôţΪֻںޣŵĸоӦ̼Ҫ裬Ҫ޺ҪҪԹˣҪǨŭ¡ƫƫ˱óĬ
쳣ĳĬŷǸտǣѲ֪ȥֻͽ͵Ÿ׵֣Ų԰׶Ϥƺȴϸٴۣʹܡ
ÿ˶Ĭš
ȻĬ˹ƽϢڻһʹࣻ˧췲ǽ÷ѩƽĿһգգֵĽһ˫۾ȫʧ˫ֲͣزŷʲôҪشһ㡭
ҶûйˣֻĬĬע÷ѩʱԼİ˾ڻУʲôʵɽ˺ġʯãȲĬĬӵڲӬһ˧췲ʱһ䣬߶ȻҲպյʥô̳⹷ƤҩΪģһΪİ֮˳ʵʡ
÷ѩüͷ壬̵ֳĽë΢΢˫۴һ˿Ц
ˣ
ѹû˯÷ѩֱ壬תͷʧǵᣬ΢΢һ̾治ңۼȥȴأְûڸУһ˿Գܵġʮ꣬³ޣأҪöã
ҶĿ⿴ᣬ֪Է÷ѩе£ۿŸױĽɱĸΪѳ飬Ѫ𣬵ʱΪҶΪ˰ϸ׵·ǿԼسޡͬɥᣬ÷ѩе£ٴӿͷ
ҶͷҲζֻǿ͵֡ͨˡ
Ǹ°ˣ벻ͨ»ߵûøԱա÷ѩתͷҶһЩ˵ǰô㵱߳һ
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Ҷδ䣬÷ѩѾ˿رһԣЩ㵱ҶεͷԭĴ㡣
Ѿͷ
ԭڻҶʱһ飬Ŀ˵ڵĻ
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ҵ»ݣǸͬ
ҶһԴֹĶһҡͷЦһ߻ᡣ
һߣҶӰԾ֮һ÷ѩɫ˲һ˪ľȻͷһ˵˧췲
˧췲Եض÷ѩԷ֮ǰĲбٻ٣ʶǾɫպ赲չ¶ǰĳԸ˰ٱаԷģ˵ʲôҲҪռС
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÷ѩָһ棬һƮɣʤգ˧췲۾Ǵ˾Ͷ㡢һһ˳ջ˾ɫñ˵֣
÷ѩЦһƣ˧췲Լ˵˧췲ϲң
˧췲һ㶣벻÷ѩֱӣæЦ֮ɫ৵һºϣһ˵÷Сſô˵Ϊؽ£ģҲΪ
֮˽֮÷С˾ɫӦӢ֮ϡ˧ĳţ¼νӢ֮÷СģҲֻ˧ĳѡ÷СΪȻ񣿡
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˧췲ʱϲ췢ĵ÷СԸҵּ⣬ֻҪϲĶ˧췲ģһΪ
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÷С㾴Ը˧췲˿̺죬ûë׶һ˲ͨǵŮڿˣڿҶǸСסô̫ˣ˧췲Ҫ飬ûа첻ġ
ϣ˧ǡ÷ѩǰ˧췲һЩ÷㵭㣬˧췲ľ˵ϣ˧֮꣬Ҫҿһۣ˧һŵǧϣܹŵԣ£
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Զľ˾ȻһʱûסֱЦ
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˧췲һ˧ת죬ɺתڣԴƨҲ벻ôһɫ㡢䵭ŮӾȻôһֶΣԼģһӲǰԼѻ£ԸŮ·ȻҲȵӵֶΣһ֮µһ·ϵִ˲Ӹ߸ϵƶˣһ·µķ֮С
˧췲ɱʢ÷С㣬ҶһƬģȴϷˣ£ѵΪû취ô˵ţһ˫۾ɱƳԶҶһۣвζԣпЦЦѩС㲢˧ĳΪ˺ûκζǵòġΪʿԼûа취ǴشˡǸᣬҵŮˣҿκҪ󣬰Ȼ˳ꣻȻߺߡһۿٻ
÷ѩһ¶һ˿ЦݣЦݼ˧췲񣬵˵Ļȴ˧ӵĳ˲ôʥûô˰ɣ
㡭˧췲˫۴ɵþ޴
÷ѩתӯȥѩƮ˹˧ӻǽŵԵĺãʳԣǻⱨӦġ
㣬ô֪㵽˭
˧췲ŭͺ벻ԼݾȻᱻԷʶƣһʱṳ̆ǰҪ֡
ʱȻһضɽҡڵʮҽغȻһðռڵ¶ȶȻ˶˹غ«ǿס壬µҽꡭ
÷ѩվȣٿȻƮˡ
˧췲һ÷ѩƮˣĽס使޷һʱа뼰Լһĺ׷󣬶Էȴ⣬һǿӲϣΣ
˧췲£ʶּ죬δϵ÷ѩҶѧˡ貨΢֮ڼ䲻ݷ֮͵һ֮䣬޿ܣ˧췲ǰһʱʧȥλãδüڶӦԱһϮžһ죬÷ѩһ˧췲ϣλڵʥصĹӣô˵
÷ѩһ仰ѾƮɿˣֻ»Щ㶵˧췲գͬʱɱƵӿ

ǻɽôضɽҡͬʱҶעûע⵽÷ѩһ߾ȻϷһĻʱһɫͬʱ䡣
֮ɹѰֵܵġ
ԡĽ˫ضӿҽĳѨᶨ˵Ǳҽǿǳܹﵽǡ
˭Ҷһʵ
˭ȻߵĴˣ˧췲ϰԵشҶɨһۣΪȤؿ˿İӡȴԷһɱ
ûгʶİ׳գأѾǷǳǿ飬ʲôʵأ
Ҽֳٻߴµʦд˿ܣǡħۡƵС


060 
ƵУ
־һħ䣬ڳ˶Ĭ
أȴӵǣֻἰ֣̲סһš
һĻ˵ԼĲ²֮ٴҷ񶨣ʧһЦôܻϽɽһսħ۶Խ˾γ֮սڵǰôֶܻԸأܣܡ
ҲƵƵͷʾͬ⣬Ҷ͵͵Ƴ˻ľһֻۣ۵Ц֮һţȻĻ˵ΪΪȻ
ѾȷħŸ֣ЦʲôأǶԡĽĲмǶԡĻжϲΪȻǰߣ˴ţǺߣ˵
ħ۾ڴ˵أ
ҶԼĲ²һѱ侲˼ʶԽԽܵĴڣֱʼ΢΢
ħ۾ڴ˵أ
ĿʲôǴǰݻ̣ҪȺֺһ򾡣Ȼռݣ
һֵĲ²⣬һ˵ǼΪֲв
ضɽҡһӣÿ˵ɫò԰ѪɫŨҵͬ緢Ļɽص׵ҽֻͣƬ̣СǳҪҶ÷ѩıҽ̣ΪһСɽ𣬼ֻ¾͵ҽ֮С
ˣʽҲüΪϾݻ̽пռޣҽôӿֻò˶ãһѨ˻С
˧췲ʱ˱÷ѩʩӵ裬֮ʣҶȵҶģ˵Ǻֵأǻ򶴵ֵģ㲻Ǻܿô㲻ܴŴ뿪˵ôڵ˵Ǽⴵţư
֮ʣÿ˵ƽϵȫժƽһǫǫģĻ壬ҲһɫԼް취£ҲʼҶСֵܣ֮ǰĵ˵ܴ˵أΪ˱ԭΣһЩļƻСܵİţѾ˾·֪СֵкֶŤתǬأ
ʱҶҲǶͷðȷԴܹԼͳȥҲûϵص׵ҽӿʱ˿̣Ҳֻܱ򶨵ɫԴܹʲôͻƣҾ˵ء
ڴ˵Σʱ̣ԱߵǽͻȻһ˾УԱǽͻȻһʯȻҽУĻꡣǽԳһ޴ĿһԴ̽˳һɨֱӿҽһѾյͨȵأȵҶӣ죬ߡ
ʣǳ򶴵Դޡ
һ֣ԱѾٵԾɹȥֱǿնȥ
ôôС˧췲ŭһԭһʯ¶޴Ŀնû뵽˸ǰһʯڵֻͨһУݲµڶ˲ͨ
ҶƲƲ쳰ôųԱߵһȣܲ빤ѶѨڵһЩװһ£װֽľذʲôġ
˧췲һԴʺţǺ˵˵ʲôأ
Դޱ֣ûʲôб±ҴĶԼһȥ
˵꣬Դһ֣Ҫס˧췲ҶȽ
û뵽˧췲̣ͻȻԴҪѨɭɭһЦҶֵܴĶҿɲȥһһô죿λˡ˧ĳһˣ
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Ҷǰֽѵһ٣û뵽ԴסЩؿԴޡ
ʱ˧췲Ѿ֪ܵصһ˽ȥͬʱԱߵԴ޺ȵӵһ⹷СӸҼţպһҪϴˢ裡
ҶԴһ֮ɫ̲סһۣͬʱ˧췲ıӰĴָ޳ܣ
˧췲֮󣬾ʾңݣһ롭
󾭹ǫãȻĻǰСŻ˴кǨźᣬм䣬һϰһ˰ź֮ϣ˵ء
Ҷ÷ѩԴ
ҶΪʲôȳȥһƻѨô죿
ԴޱżһЦ˵ҸͲ±ڣԭһȥǴһȽε飬Ȼλ˧˼ֵһͨȻֵλˡ
֮£ʲô֮£һԵ÷ѩͻȻһسʵ
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Ҷ÷ѩһͷˮԴȴЦǺǵָָѨ֮ڣȻƬΣһҽУ˧췲ŭ˵ĸ˵ʺڿӵˣ˵
ҶԾԴޣʼ磬һνر飬֪ʱ
÷ѩЦˡ
ҶĳصûǸô죿ԭһ磬ѾһƬˡô㲼µƬ
Դһ׶Цûϵ֮ҸһζѨƹȥˡ
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ΪʲôҪôصһ˳⣬ѪҺѾȫϵҲۿɼٶȬš
ո˫һУһСȱѾ࡭
ܻѾ֮ڣڤ֮УһƬƬĻ𺣺Ϣ
Ƶ΢΢Цԭλϣݵݻ̵ġԡ󷨡ƽΪ񹦾֮һĽġһ⺮վݡͺ¿ġ麣һġ̲׺˾ͽġһϰεʽһζҪʶʶġҲ֪𲻴ﵽ˱زҲ򲻿ܻʹ񹦾ʶðų֮϶Ķ˵أĿľҪʶʶ񹦡
֮ҹĽһսôаȡʤҽսͲˣǿĽǿң˫ͨ죬һĺ⡣
ÿһˡƵһ֣ҲľɫŮڿ־ĲɲǼøɱһ߸ʬޣͬһ࣬һŮҲѻΪ׹ãˡ
˫һһɿ־Ϯͷ벻תħתת
ƵиոһֻŮǽԼȫһٴŮ׼ˡ
ֲħ֮£ƵиöԼֻ㹻Ļߣȫһ̨սܵĻֲɱ¾
ˣӦóȺģˡ
ǣɱﵡ
ںüƣ׼һһصȴƵеĳֹδϵħȻһЦԡ󷨡ù֮ҪаϵڣʱǸé®СӶأ֪ʲô㣬Ƿֵ֮㹻߽أ


061 ʥ
ƵеĻģѵһֱĵס
˫֮䴽ǹս֮Ľһ㲻ֵµҪҡʵһ˴ĸ֣֮䣬ʵӰ켫һ಩ɱͶ֮󣬹ʶƻ˵ľ־ʵսбüΪҪ
֮ǰҶ˵Ȼ죬ɥΪ˻ӳأû뵽ħۡƵС
˴ǰ֪Լӳ죬ʶʩչ񹦡ԡ󷨡ʱڻǿսҪƵƴһϣԺ֮ˣƵɵ֮ģֻҪҸԼƴмİӳ졣֮ǰἰĻĿľһ˿
û뵽ԼĻﲻûƵв˼ɣԷķȴϬ
ȷԼʱӳ죬Ҳûֵȫεиݻʵ۸ߵ֪ͣʱ¾Ԯ֮˲࣬侮ʯĵǲ١
һжǻǺ󻰣ԡħۡƵУܵ˴δйľѹ׷Լȥ
Ƶ΢΢һЦ߿ǾŪʲôôǺǣ޾֮һԾŶܽԡ󷨡޲Էȥɰž԰ȫĵص㣬ˣΣ
һݣȻ֪ΪԷңȴƵ⶯ǸʵߣɴУϧԼҲɱҶ˵ǰ£ȥΪľǺȺʿԼϼˡ
һ𣬴ɱʱ½һ̨ףɲǼᾫ񣬶ȻȵƵУΪܱô
ⲻ򣬶ǽףؾɿ̰֮ˣ֮Ľ칫ص֮⣬佫һ֪ⳡףֶΪأ
ǿѹŭƵУ㻨ƻһսڱУְɡ
ƵһЦ⶯ˣαΪ֣Ҳգƻָ޲ķڷǶȻϽˡȻˣޱٷϷֽţķڷɣһ䣬ָͷûжһ£һǿʵʵɱնִȫ£һ֮Ϯŷڤ֮С
һ뷢һƮȫ澢߱ȫ澭͸Ѩ뷢֮ʵʣͬһ㣬˫۸ڣԷڣ䡣
ƵһδҲǲΪڶԷѾֻ֣Ҫһǣ֮£ƵнӦʩĹ
ֻǼ˰̣Ѿʼп಻Ϊԡ󷨡ĺʼ֣ͻȻʼ΢΢زʱɢ֮ǰףԼٲ֣һʱƬ֮ȫɢһ޸֮ķˡ
ʱġħۡ˫Ŀʹ۹۱ǣǹģʯ̵ڤ֮һֻйһĺɫΪŨءŵһźɫǼȡŮȫѪ֮ʣ֮ǿ˵սľ
Ƶ翵ȴ˷ݶǰʦҵüһ棬˫дգҼʶˡԡ󷨡֮һֱüһֱƹδԸΪ˵ߣʦ£ܲʦԸ
Ƶеʦ
Ħ죡
ΰݻ̽롰ħ桱Ħսҹӻʥ壬Ҵҽ˴Уίٶʬڶ೤ǰΪʬ龰ĿٴαԷἰԴģٴγش
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ƵȻ֣޼Բ²֣ҪͶȿʵǰͲסХһл೤棬˵ɽһ㣬Ȼǿг˹ȥ
ɾ̤ǰһͬʱƵͻȻһ˿ЦֳȭЯźХĹ磬ǰݳһȭ
˫۵ɵü󣬶ԷǿһȭȻԼĹһھ޿ܵ£ʮɾ룬̼䵽ǰ˫ȭŲ赲ӡһ
·ĩ٣ʥڷΧ̼һƬڰ֮У޴Ļưεض𣬺Хűɽһǣɽ嶼Ŵ˿̾ҵزţΪɵأ²˵ط֮Уҽʼȵعĵ
ʥ壬˲֪Ļɽٴδﵽ緢ıԵ

ݻҳһţ
˵ǰݻʥأֱһҩͰϣ˭ҲǰȲð
Χİݻʥʹ뼸̳ƴά֣ջȻһѣҽӿ֮ʱɥʧ˶ԽڵĿơƵİݻڲֻӴܣȺһʥϷӵ£ͬʱȺĻ˻ع֮Ѹ¹黯ڻ˺кǨ֮£һĻԸͬʱɱʥ塣
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ʥ£Ҷ̧ͷʥһ緢ĻɽһƬڰĻɽͬɫĶëѩ׹䡣
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һ㶣˵ôѵô
аЦЦûлش
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ÿһڵĸԴԴϾݻ̱Ѹ𡭡Ҷ̾
ҶС˵ļǣƿ˻ͷʦ̫˫˫
ʦ̫ʩ񣬶˵Գа˾ɼΪʹߣ԰ݻ̵ˣ˰ݻ̽ڣ˽ͬʸΪаֹ̣⼸ұݻѹƣٹҶʵͽȻΪܣݻ̵̨Ƿ֮
ǳа˵Ľ飿Դ޴⣬ʲôʱ೶Ƥ˰±ôЧˣ
ҶԶȺЦӯӯġĻ壬˵λоӵɡ˵һתͷλɽ˵ţҶЦʣλţ˵Ķô


062 
λĻ壬ҶһֱкøУȻ濴Ǹǫǫӣ̫̫ʵҰҲ̫ˡһɽׯĴ£ʵͻͽѲׯ԰˾ηĽʥأǱһ֯ŶȨͬĴŷˡ
ʦ̫ţ̾˲֮٣ֻһȷѪˡݻ̸ڣ˲ɱգǱΪˡƶвȰ˵˻ͷǰֻöɽģΪˡ
̾ϢҲǴ⣬ʢڴͨ·ھ¾ģԸ֪λδ㣬ȥأ
һͬҶ
Ҷٺһ֣Ц֯˫һֱΪ֪ɷɽһأ
ЦʦҲ߶˳޵СɣҶСԸ⵽ãϼɽɨ齻ӭ

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Сĸߺб˵˹Է¥ڵʱЦһƬСһ仰ȴ˵һЦ˾Ȼ
꼫ƷҶϾһ
ƷҶϾƣ
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һͬһȺϹ۵Ķʲôƨǧƣҿƹ̳ڻŪӢۡ
һ¥Һյʱһ˵Ŀһ͡
ɽĻȷպգڵؾҲǰéĸۣÿһеԪԲʵֳ֮ϴںڵҲһΪţı仯ǵʮ㡣
СҲò٣Դ֪¥ĿɽҲõʮ㣬ԺãЦλүԲסˣйأֻƹָǵ˵Ŀɹܲá
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Ϊʮ֮һġĻ壬ޣһԾΪ׵еĶֺټСĽ߸ϵͷһɽׯʵڶʱѸٴѾʮһͺˡ
žžٽħ뽣֮Ŀ֮սҲϳʱĬĬسصȴһְʢ˥µĴսĻ
һɽׯѾĽĽĻһ˼ԺĶ
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쵰˭ƾʲôϢˣҿһɽׯŭ
ôˣһɽׯֺţ쾹Ȼô˳öˣﶪôˡ
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ھ¥һӤŮӣŴӰ۵׸һ˿Ȼһ֮ϣŮӰѾԾֱڵıӰ׷ȥ


063 ڤ
ڶһˣɽʱ䣬һ;Ѿﵽ˴δĸ߶ȣ˱þ̶ᾲ
ʱδ̤뽭벻ϱ仯֮󣬲а֮һİݻ̻ҷԭЩ·ζһɽׯҲ˸ߵױѹֶҰڱʼ޼ɵţյ˲Ҳݬ룬ɽĻںڵҽǿͽɣֶڽϵΪԼһɽׯ񲻳ɽǣ
֮ǰǾ䡰Ըʶ䡱˵ĲǻɽĻǶһɽׯԸ״Ϊʧ
Դӻʸ̩𽥳ΪϷΪҪĴУдˮˣǵĴϣ˳ӿЦ⣬һûʱĵ֮顣
һγɽȽӴһڳְ͢ĺ㣬̽һ½µĶû뵽ԼõϢȴԼһ㶼ԸһɽׯԼļҡ
߹ֵڱǰ̾һһСûãһӰС
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ڴ磡

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ޣ㹻ʮĽӵһ𣬴ʱ⽣ϱԳ䣬Χǽһ㵭ı˪ס˷ԲҵķΧ˻˵С
䣡
һ죬ԭխСʱճһԲʮɷΧľ޴յأΪģ³ȥһ࡭
ĵӰˣվԶһݶ֮ϣÿ˵϶Ǹһ˿֮ɫ벻λСھȻʵ˵һ
ڣɫһ죬һĨѪ
硭¶𾪺һԼλῡܡ
ڣΪƾʮĵ֮ܵסǵ˵һô˵ʵʵȷǵ󣬲һֻǽѵһУζܽӵɣ
ڵȻһЦĿһһɨٷϻ֣


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ķͬĹһ翵ش˹ãȻԼĺպĻҲֻܹԼ̫Դ󣡡
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׵磬Ʊɫ
ڷ籩ĺģС⽣ٴҫâĽⲼ¼Ϊ̵Ļ򷨣ʱ˿̣ڲκλ񹦣ƾ轣˲绨С޺ķӲܱӿѹͬʱгӣعӰʮٴβͣӻۡ
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ͬһɫĢƣžͲҽĴ󻤷ܿƵ⒁ɣͬʱѪ档
׵Ĵ󻤷ȥû뵽̸ֻڣȻ˾׵ľ䣬ԭѾΪ֮һġعӰʮ˵ʮĽı仯˲Ϣ֮䣬ͬʱĴ󻤷ʵǽоųϾԲš
һ֮ĴǿСһգپЩͷۻҲһɣδָԪʱۼ֮⣬ͻȻһ
ǽۣͬһ⣬һƣ۳һҹеǣգ۵ǰ
һϤ
ĵֳǲҪԼСһ޼ɵġᡱϣƫƧ֮УǸױҶĺݶ̿ͣԶԼжһȡԼ
ҪԼáιֻѻΪһˡôðҶɱԼĴ̿ȫû٣벻֮ԼȻһαԷ͵ϮǱ޿ɱܵһϮ
ȫһģһĽֻǼ겻ͺݶҲһѷһ
߳
Σʱ̣С⽣͵һ棬ѵĲԽԼǰһ֮ǽէֵǺȻڽ֮ϣɨ˳ȥȻڵҳһ޿ӡ
ۡ
ѪģһѪ
类һֱԴ˶γ֮䣬һɫӰӵԱߴľĶ¶˵߰ɣɩӡڵ㣡
ҪֹԷжǶ¶·һظŶԷԶ
СȫûֹԷȥǵӰʮֻ㱣ҲţٴμԷʱԼһܹϵó

ҶŲƣԴ̹İѳͷԲ˼ļɶÿѾȫ϶İѳһյʱ䣬ϼɽŮӱѾǺˡ
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Ůһۣ뿴ʦеľ֮飬ȻķڷԷֻԼʦ򷱵ĽʤЩŮԽܡ
ãצкã˿˼ΧһȺɫŮܹɱ˵Ŀ⡣
Ǹô
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ʱžžžһӴλϴһʮϸãúãɵҶȻʢһʵ飬ǿ۽ˣ
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ʱ˿̣ϼɽĵҲԣΪ˲赹ˮλûС
ҶæʩѼЦˡϼɽλʦùǷ޴Ҳþȫǿȡʤ
ǺǣˡȻʹ󣬵۲ûϺͿԼĵӣ֪ǳȻô죬ӦоǳԽĸҲû
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ݣȻĻһɽׯӮأʵ¶ݵĿȻԼУһɽׯȫֵĿġ
ϼɽӦѵ룬ϼɽĵдһգͬʱڽָһЩ⣬ҶڽҲұֳɽɽ˵Ҫǿհǰ˺һ֮ദôһȫİ취
һսʤ֣һɽʤԼɵĽ
һȻȡʤ֮ϼɽĵǶͲʢ׿꽣ͳ˾


065 
ҶԼĽӮͬأҲһ۸ڶɽķڷִȱ޵ܹҶ㽫ˡزģȻеĺܡ
ֻһıԣҶһһɨƽϼɽʮˣѧȻѧɽ⻹㣬ϼɽལУԭЩƽƽ桢ѱصͨУλСɡУȻı仯ŷɽʮڳЩɽ͡
Щһ۸ڶɽǼĽȼʣ塣ҶһֱڣȻʤֻǫ̬ȣܲ٣ЩɽʹӵʤıϸоҶеɽһǶȣӱɽƵƵͷ֮ˣ֮ʿԽԽ࣬Ҷ徴֮ˣҲԽԽࡣ
ҲҶύЩɽ͵İ취
֪Ⱥɽͣߣ֮ᱻǷУҪӮǵأһζøᱻԷ𣬵ʢˣǵͷУǵжԣֻ;֮֮ʩӮǵ͡
ʵϣҲȷʵǳ롣̨һǿʤĵҲҷǹƽ䣬ȻʱΪˬڱԼ书ǿʦֵҲܱͬŭ𷴵ƽϢˡ
ҶٴӮλϼɽӵ󣬵Ѻһ佱ͬʱҲȷⳡ䵽Ϊֹڶɽͻ̸ŵʧ뿪壬Ҷ÷ѩˣ븰磬Ѻһѡ
ϼɽȻŮΪҲһŮӵΣɽֲͬҲеӵĴڣֻȫסϼɽĲ֮ϡһξ磬ΪҶԸֵбߵľѵʦܡָᡱҲλ󱲸㣬ҲϼɽߵβԸ֡
ϯϿνָᡱڵļԸ֣ƵƵٱңҶ͵۷֣λһֱֻǳ΢Цȴ˼ζЦ⣬Ҷ²ɵЩֹһεϼɽ֮ãôƽѺͶƺԼʲô㡣
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ӯӯһ񣬲𻰣ת㳯úȥ
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ҶԷ˸ۣϸһϣ̲סѿ˵㣿ӡ½
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066 ϼɽ
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֪ѶԼȰҲûʲôôǰ̾һٴʵ֪׼ʲôʱ֣
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ϣϾǸĶ棬ȻõƽȵĽ̵ӵֻܵѹ֣޸ģȻҲעֶμϸ׺ͱˣʱ򣬺׳⣬ԸʧܵʵǰҲ״ӷ嶥ȵס
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аشӻͳһɾݸ
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벻ԭ޼ƿʩˣΪһ˼Ϣʧȥϣȼϣ
ԡѬ㡢װ
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ҶʣŻȻЦҶɽô
ѹȻǴϣҶɽϳѩ뱱Ķ޼
÷ѩȻҡҡͷ
Ҷɻ󣬡ǣôͻȻˣ
÷ѩתͷ貵Ĵ۾ŭ⣬ֱֱصҶ΢㳵ΪûвӬ
ҶһЦⲻûа취ôӬҲǺܿġ
ô
ҶĵȰȻӬװôҶչһ
ıԵҲԲ׵ĵطڲݵϣ˫ŸҩϣιĲӬò˵Ұɣ
÷ѩһİۣǵҶһΡ
ӬȻ˵ˣ㣬˭ԱߴϣԴ޻εȽţ˵
÷ѩŭҶΡ
аҲˣΪʲôҪң
ⲻ˶Դ޽͵
÷ѩ۾ҶԴˡ
ιЩӬϣµòѩСģǸʲô˷ѩС㶼ˣ
죡
Ҷ÷ѩͬ˵
ֻǰǰûڲŭ
ԭգ˲䵴Ȼ޴档
ɽ㰡
·ڵϣÿŵ÷ѩƮ㣬÷ѩʱŭ͵Ծʱ򡪡
߲
ޱȵζ˲ɢ
䡪
·ǽ˼ѣ˻һԾȥʮԶҿ
˲תͷҶָŻڵϵϣŴôҲɵóTMDĶˡ
˵÷ѩߣȺӬԶ㡭
÷ѩɱ˵۾ҶҶĲЦ˹ȥ
Դ޲ӺףŻڵϵϣȥýļ򣬼ЦιŮƨˣ㻹Ͻ׷ȥιι
Դް˶Է£û뵽ϣһȴϣ°ĭѱѬιȥĵù
ҿԴ޾תͷҶԶıӰ̲ס˴Ĵָ޵ֵܣǡֱ̫TMDٵˣ

ɽˡ
Ҷɽ֮󣬱㿴еԼļˡ
ǰһȻԶɽھֵͷԶɽ̸мƵֻ꣬һһȻ뷽ԶɽѪԵϵӦֶ֮
ڷԶɽ࣬ɵĵӴ磬ȴò֣Ʊ½ƶ
˷Զɽ֮⣬ԶɽڣһҶǰһִμӼСʦ塣
ҶϵܡԶɽɫ㲣Ϊ
Ҷæǰʾ⼸ԶɽʵͷΪɽ常¶
Զɽصص˵ͷ
ԭΪ򵥵飬û뵽Ȼ˽֡
ԶɽͻȻתܵҶϵܣȮӣҵֶӣɽĶӣ־
гһĿУǰ񣺡Сʦ壬ѧԺӣ־
һǰǷ־Сʦ塣
ҶȰοڰ˳䡣֤壬ҪģǴҪġ
־ǿص˵ͷ
ҶתʵԶɽǰ⵽ôһ£ɽǰ͵ʲôȻԼ
֮ǰҶ˸ոսݣ˱ϮɱķɽˣһʮطߵСھ֡ʦ
ԭǡھ֡ʢʢүίСԶɽھ֡ϱߴһ֮أ֮󣬾û¶档ҲʢҶԻ֮ˡ
ⳡΪͬԶһ䣬û뵽ԶɽԳء
Զɽλֶ֣Ʊ½ƶҲ֪غˣֻ˷ԶɽҶˡֻԶɽüͷ˵ڵʱ򣬽֮ݱ㼫Ϊأϱ߽ӴӣȻԼʵϳ˵Ŀ
֮ˣ
ҶһǣǾͺˡ
Զɽ˵ͷľ峤˵ƺʥض˶˵Ϊһ±͵ˣ͵֮ʧݵĵؽ磬ʱǽڵʱǺϣ»ɣ˵ĶͼпǼ嶪ʧ˵ı
ıòǡ
Զɽ˵ͷûǡͼ

Զɽһ˱ס£֣Ʊ½ƶȴδȥ
ԶɽϢ𺳵Щͷ۵Ҷֱʱע⵽λʦֶƺʲôҪ档
ôˣǻ£
ǰСʦ塭
黹Сأ
Ҷ̾Ϣôˣ
֣Ʊ½ƶ淺ɫضԿһۣˣ
㶣
Ҷһܶߣŭ׷ʵʲô˵˭ʧˣǸԼǵ˭ϷӣȻˣ
Ĺ̵Ǻܼ򵥡
СԴҶɽ֮ڵڶӴ󲿷ʦתսϱûԼ߸Сʱǰɽˣ꼶С½½
Ҳ֪ôģﲻʱԺý鲻ס
õҺ򸾵չˣȻ벻Լ˭ֻҪͷ졣
û뵽һС߽󡿣ƾȻ֮һը״ɲɣԴϡ
ùʹ˻ԣʮ죬ֱһ죬ȫʧ
ʦַ޷뿪ֻɵѰҶæ⣬Ϊмʮа˾Ѿݵĵؽ֮ˡ
ҶҡͷЦʵʲôʱˣ뽭жʱˣ
Сʦ֮ǰ
Ǿнһµʱˡ
Ҷһһɽ˷ٰ׵ټ᲻ʧٴйأ
ٰ׵ΪˣǷ˼䣬¾ҹµ״̬ˣôһһʱҵɱ
ٰΪô˵ֻҪҵٰףʹпҵˡ
ʱһȫ书ͷӣôҲһۣԼʦֵԼβῴٰǸռūϡ
ҶĿһ綯ֵĺãת⺰λʦֵܵ붡һ𡣡


069 ׼̽
Ƴ磬ĥɣ
򷢸ѧá
ѧ飬
һŸɡ
Ȱݵ
ٰݰݽŷ
׿䣬
ŷһƬ⡣

ʮСΧһԲȦ֣ͣŶ裬ĵĴʯĥϣһ°׷ںӵĹͷɵǺǵźǳ裬ԼҲźһֹ֣ظѧȴʧķɵӡ
СøˣǵļҳȴǴΪֻţΪǸͷϴ޵ϢôѰ֮ˣЩľٶôǻ̻̲æǰְ˽ŵؽԼӳ˻ȥ
ߣߣٲߣϷӾͰˡ
ޱҪĿֻƺܹȾֻǼ֮䣬ǱýǧƪһɵĻｫƭߣͷֻʣһŷ糵СŮûȥ
Ѿͷôߣ
ˣûүүˡСŮ˵
ϧԸΥϺ֪СŮҳڱھѣŻŵ˳ԶؾͿʼѾһؼңԷˣԷˡ
ǸճôѾֵʵ
Ǽҳ˵ǰžߣؼҾɵô˶ˣ¡
Ѿֲ߳ȥʱᣬǹͷһĿ飬ŶѾԶ
ûѾŸ׵ķɣ͵ѣ˻ȥ
⺢ӡҳŭǳ⣬ӭϹͷٿȻĿ⣬ʱŵû̱һƨڵϡ
Ѿδ˹ȥķ糵ͷһүүԹԵģѾˣ糵͸ˡ
ͷĿʱĿ߲ʵķ糵ϣҲƲ۾
үүټ
ԹԵСŮصߣ˿ʧǵģػͷС֣ϵЦݱ⻹Ҫá
ټ
ͷһ߻ŷ糵һҡֱۣԭ˫˲䱻һã֡
磬糵ͷз糵شͣ糵תͣҼҽ˵Ҳ糵ˡ
ͷ˻ҵУˡҸûؼˣѷ糵ҵĽԡ
ͷվ˲ͷչ磬ת㳯Ŷȥ

ʮ֮һϣٰŭ˫۳˾֣˫ֲͣزţǿѹԼЧ΢
ǷŭĿ־壬Բһ㡣
ⱲӶӱܵĸоʱ˿̾ԶȺеĺɫӰ
־޴ڣôԶҲһûٰ׸еһ˿һİȫС
ٰ֣ȷ˾ô
һϵò񻰵Ա𣬻һһ٣ȴ͸ųĺ⡣
ĺ⣬գߵȴͣ·֮С
˻ңҲϵ벻ǳըȻûը󡭡֣һʥŰ³ֶԸȥֵܾٲ˸ĺôٰ˵ַ·þ˻ܵһʼԼӽԷҪȡ֮η壬ȴѾ裬رܲá
˵˵ħ֮һЦǺǵصͷеĺô᲻Ȥ
Ȼ©֮㣬Ǻβ֣նݳأ
˵һ󺺣ϸҵϢȥ֮ǿֻĸֶܿóʵѾ˷豹һϢǲʱðľ˺Ѿܲˡ
˵֮˵λͣȻԸ˵ϻǣڳԱУλ֮࣬ȫȻ̴ٰľԣÿ˵ƶڰ˫ɷеκһ˷ͥ
ΰ󺺻䣬ȺоһһԷɲǽϵİèô϶ֵ
ΰŭĿԲɣ㵱Ϊ˹˼棬ǿѹŻʵѵӫѾǿиɵӻôŲң书ʧô
ӫһЦ̲ס䳰ȷǺƺʮλֻϵʹǼͶϹˡ
̣ŭȵ⻰ʲô˼
û˼ӫҲǺã˫仰ţ̱Ҫ֡
ԭڳλܹƲµģȻħʮеĸʵ϶ǹ龳νʵۻ롣
ħŵļжԽԽľʮĸֱӲ뽭ǰ̨ħۺʵǰչ¶
ֻЩʮǣͳҲ࿴˳ۣҪƵеĸΣǿѹЩ˾Բʵʵغµġ
ʱ᰺ӫλ֮䱬ìܣλáָ𣬳һʱҡ
һλǰʥνô
һ䣬ʮڨڨؾ
ҲǲƵУȴĿ־塣
˵ΣжҪǸˣǡµһСĽΪȻĵģһ书ʧǲ壬ǾҪʹɱ֣
˭̽һأȺ˳ʵ
˰ݵĿǷݿһװɵ̼为̽˾ͻΪһ飬ֱӱݡ
ħŵļλʱĬûĸɵԸȥԽʯΪ̫Σˡ
ɨλʵôﶷôӢ£һˣȫô
ɫȴǾݲ˵
ʱһٰ̾׵̽ѡҰɡ


070 ɱ
ǿѹͷŭûħŵʹߵʱԼҲɽŵϺŵĸ֣ʲôʱһӦɿ񣬾ȻħŵĴ֣һչĴʹ߾͸ҸԼСУɷҲŵǣεжȻߺѡУһȥ
ѰǼڻˣ
ٰףĲǶжĥɱ¿ֵܵӣϹ۾Ÿһ췴
УӡߺҲǸˣһԣͬʱ˶Է۵׵ĲҲǸʵĵĺһԾԾԵģѵͲ֪ҪԸ˭ô

ħһ֣ɽǵ˵ֱƵҪֲĶࡣ
ҪҲħŵľѾΧסʱ˿ֻ̣ӲͷƤǰˡ
䣬˴ӽ˽ϹεԷǳصĲЦķ糵˸еΥ͡
ǶԳʶǶȻӰŵľٶģ˿ЦҲЦֻЦһЦȻɱˡ
ʱϣҲһɵЦ⣬ȷܿģĵûκɡһ׳һ
ѵǰǳըȻû˼壬ȴļˣڽֵǸӰʵֻͽȫһӻ
ߺΪɵغһۣ˭Ҳȳ֣ȥ̽λµһ
ҲǶԥʱ̣λڽλõͻȻͣΪҲķܣתͷһɲǣһͬһֱȥǾ޴ľ㣬ֱͬһ
ؿͷľ㣬ȻκεֿĶûۼѪĽ³ߺѣԶλõٰסʮеȫһᵽɤۣһĽ
ˣ
ۼеľҪͷбԸĵ̴ͻȻ飬ľмֱеţͬʱӰһҶӵĸǰ
һƣҶһƣӡеı֮ϣǾ޴ľһ£Ϊǳֱӱò֪ȥ
һ飬ѾһɨɣۼϤЦѣͫ͵һУԷһӡͬشУǶϽ۵ȻѪʬ岻ܿƵغɳȥ
ҶһСʮơֱӽʬ˶ĵ֮С
Щ˵Ȼһʧȥ书´˶֣˼ߡ
ҶУԼһ׽ۣһ书ϣ͵˳ӦøһݰһƽϾɱֱΪ
ҶͻȻ֣ʱħڸһ
ǺһŵС˭ʱŭһվ
ٰĿɿڴҶô⣿
ŶҶ
ǸɱʥŸġСɡôûýƷ
ٰ׵ľʱǵȺħһҡʱգҶһɵֵħѾǴˣȻԷ꼶󣬵ּݣħŵȫ˵ġ
ֵеĽˮ֮ǰֱħӲնɱħŸֱķʧ٣ڽȻ󲨣ħɨءˣƵвȺȫƻеİ׵Сӣ´˸ɱǱ㾡ȫɱħŵ
ԭһнľģټҶֵɲǣ͵վ˫о䣬ʥɱҶֵߣΪʥ׹ɱСӡ
һ䣬ħδӦվڸڵٰһֱӴӴԾ˳ȥʮɸߵ͵ľֱ¡
󣬱Ǻڰ˫ɷλǰ֣ͬԽ
ٰ׵ħŵļƻҶ֣УߺѣʱŴ㶵תܡ
ԭһ壬ĿջԼ֣ټԽɱҶͻȻ֣²⣬Ϊûһû֮ǰġҶ⿴ݾߵľٶʱٰ׿û壬мĿ书ʧˡ
Щ˾ˣ׸ĶϾԥԥһȴкڡ
ٰھˡɱԸ˶ԷȴֵۼԷҶߣʱΪգֻ˰²һ·׷ɱȥ
ģǺڰ˫ɷصޣűģħʮλԼ书Ϊǿ
ͬһʱ̣һصԭ˷ħŸ֣Ҷ߳ɱҶһʱӴģҲȺеħŸ֡

ҶңӦó뻯;ƯԶĿУȫסקŻҪףŲصȫסͬʱֲӰж龰ȥ죬δԶݰմ˫ۣͬ·书
ɱ
ҶṦ޵У˲㵽ħŰΧȦΧӭͬʱɱʮ֣ɢͬʱ
ҶӲһ˫һһʮ˲䶴ħŸֵ壬ϣȥ
󷽵ħŸ־һ׷׶ܣҶָһʮһնʮײʮˮʱ飬ͬʸһ㣬ؼ֯һž޴Ľ
ݡ
ܼıϣʮӰĽ±˺ѣʬõǡ
񽣡ǿڡ¾ŽƼʽʹ֮£Ѱı仯һ˲䵲Ҷǰĵ˱һգԭ赲ǿߣȻҶֵס
߳
У˼ˣһй׾Ϸ֧·䵽ǰĽÿһһͬʱܿƵ˳һգۼ䣬˽˽ʮҲܿƵ˶ʮһһĺƳȥɾ룬ȴûжԷϵĺĻ˵ɫɲǲ԰ףŷ󲡳һ㡣
ȺйȻž֣ħŶȻ׵ضԸ
裬ϣòඡ
Ҷһϳʹ˫Խߣǵӵ衣ΪսĴ֮һΪͭȻµӰ࣬¶֮ɥͶħųΪһ֣Ӵڽ伣벻վȻҶȴ׹һɱӯ֡


071 ˮ
Ϸˣͬеľ֮ȴزס
δ벻ҶĹԷԼ֣ҪȡʤѾȫѹԼβԾ
Ҷһ˫͵ǰһƣͬˮһ˳ȥһХǿأκ֮Уһվվȡ
غڷඣͯһ
ǣ֮£קǰƮɶȥһڷ衣ҶοЦʱ򣬻ֻһʧͷôתۼͱ׸Ϸˣ
Ҷһ֣رɫȻбƣҲӴ⣬бͣؽһЧͬʱˣҶʮơƥ
ͬһʱ䣬ЮźĹˣŰо˹ȥĺ۳ţַɳܼغΧκ֮ٸҶ鷳
ڤ
ҶһУԭ͵תҲ࣬䲻ݷرܿ˶ֵĹͬʱһһģ׼ȷصĽ֮ϣ˳ϣֱһ飬ʱ֣ϾǾþսĸֵ֣½ĳһʮಽ⣬ҶףԳĪı顭
Ҷ²ͣԶٰ׺ͺڰ˫ɷӰԽԽߵʱҲԽԽȡ
ڶ㿪ĦŸֵǣƹ֮Ҷżڵһ㣬ǰһˣʳжָ£ɽָ³̵߳Ľʹ͹ȥͬʱЦ߿޲Tô
ʮУҶֻ֪޲TóڤȻ㲻ʮеߣŹѲֲɱΪʮѶԸһ
ȻֻԵͨߣħ֮һ̫Ԫ񹦡ĴߣҶκħŹǺη壬ħŶҶЩđ
ǱҶֱܡ
ڤȻѲݶٶȲ죬ҲҶǰѹ裬ϵǰ޲Tƴ׷ϣȻԶȻ˿׷ϣġڤƮƮԷ½մϡ
һ¿ɿ໵衣
ԭָ޲T֣ҶߣȻɸٰ׺ͺڰ˫ɷסħżһնɱû뵽ֻǺ֮䣬ԼһҶʽ֮䣬ԼĽѾ׽⣬ϵķ֮ҲԷѹƣײУڽϵĻϣ裬Լġɷ𽣡ȫûκƣԷٶȸǳԼ󣬺ֽʮལԷӭһɨ辪ͷͷƤһ£ͬͷһɨɣͷƤȥһ㣬Ѫһ˲סһͷһ
衰ѽһŵûɢæԱ߾
Ҷһɨβ࣬һɨɣѪ׷޲TƮϱأ޲Tˣ
ҶңѣûлȡΪѰ౨Ҳѹת׷ɱԷ뷨һ˼ȾվΪϡ
Ҷ壬
޲T˶һߣŷҶʱٰ״ߺХҲϷŹǰҶ
޲Tԥ䣬£ʥŵӣȫ׷ɱҲҶ󣡡
쵰
ɽ˵ĵ̣ôٶ׷ɱͲԷעô
޲TȻִҲΥͬʱҲףʥΪҶֵܵĴڣ³˴϶ʥŵηѾԶǰ꣬ǲɱһɱЩ׵ֵ磬ʥŵİֽ֮ˡ
޲TһźƵģǰԶҲŻֱ
ӫͻҲжˣ
޲TӲҵȫǰ׷ȥ

ҶЮڷϼٰۣ׵˵ӰϡɼɣȻ㣬ĵȴɵһЩġ
һжνð֮ԭϼɽļƻǶԱһɽ˵ĸ֣ͻϮֳߵٰ׵ˣΪĳ֣ȴǵļƻգ򲻵֮£Ҷȳٰ׵˽ϼɽõİΧȦȻһټ
뱨ϳ˼©Ǿȫû뵽ħŸֻУֻ̨ϵĸ֣Ѿ޼ӫвͶħŵ׸֣֪λǷ񵽳
һԭµİΧȦͲԵֿЩħŸˣԼԭƻжֻ¶ϼɽĸ˵ͲһƻõļߵսǱһɱˡ
뵽˴Ҷвɵһ˿ңڴʱǰֵһ¥ͻȻһУһɫӰһ³ԼɱֱӵԼǰ
ﻹ
Ҷһȭ׼һȭһȣҶվס
Ҷһ㶣˫ӰٿȻͣ£ƴһȭ˻ΪǰֵĲħŽɱԼĸ֣ɽˡɽġɮԲ
ʱһģζ״סԼһмغҶҲǾ㣬Ͽôڴ˵أѵΪҵĻǷƨɣ
Ҷһۣûʱ㳶Ͻҹ
ҶԱ߿һԲٺһЦǵ£ͬʱŭҿңΪɽݳа˾λԪ֮һȨ㻹ף֮˭
ҪܣҶ˸λ׼֡
Ҷ֣㣬ǳа˸־ҪҸҶ֣ұ֤㡭㣬㡭û
߶߶Բ͵ؿҶӰɫ䣬ꡰԵ۳Һڵݰ׵֣һɱֳԹԲȻסűԼſǧٱİףʱԷͳԼǰɵسԼЦ
һ˲Բ׹֮С
ԲΪɽĴҶԴ˺⣬ԷһаˣͻȻһ
ԴԶ֮󣬳аΪһʱĻ˵ļ£رΪطϵĵһΨһĻġһɽׯ
ʱԲôһ𣬷ҶһѣŶԷɵǰһͣԲϣͬʱŴеûԵǰ鲻ˬҪǳа˳ģԲУֵĻǰ·ѵҪǰİԵô


072 ޻
³ĳаˣھ߲ľŴšɽ˵ɽͷɽᡢͭ¡򽣸󡢰ᡢоϵۡȻͭͻºɣҪݵصıһ⣬źͰΪ
ҶݣԿݷǸϰ
Ҷһˮ
ԲбҶһѣʱŭʵηĪֻתܣͬʱҶ֣Ϊ޷죬͸
ҶָһɨԲƯĵʱ飬ƨɺһ¶ƨɣͬʱߣҵ
Բоһٱߡ
ҶͷһٰԾϷԼֻвɾ룬̲סЦһת׷Բܣ

ҶӸʲôôı䷽ˣԴ޶һ֮ڣԶԶҶԶӰ̲סֹԲȻΪᣬҲôȥɣ
һԵаĿ⾼죬ȿҶ׷ɡ
Դ۾ϸƬ֮󣬾Ѿͷ󺹣ȻüһħܶԱ𣿡ⶼһ֣Ȼ龳һƱħTMDҪĽô
ҶӲǡ
ô죿תôԴŭ
аһۣ֮ǰǰóɶǱʲôطˣ
Դ޵ͷƬ̣͵һƽ֣һƬҵ
ûƽֵ֣ǳɶĵضΣضеĲҵа˳ɶţ㲻ŵĲҵҲǧ˿Ƶϵ
ضŸ򣬶ҾԲ١
Ƕ˲֪ĳаи߸ڴ˵ؾۻᣬΪҶֻҪ޻ء
ǲ߲ܶܡԴһҧ˵ħŴٳһɱҶĲݵģƾϼɽԲǶ֡ȸȥȥ֪ͨʦ̫ǣлɳˣͱһ£ɽ֣٣ҾͲţƾɽˡʮɡƣͿħڳɶжҳ֣
ãô죡аһͷҪ䲻Դһѽѹ
аּ䣬ɫͻȻһ䣬æֹ
֮䣬ڵͷһХ޴ӰѹȵĶɫ԰ס
һһףӰϷٶȥֱҶħŸԶȥķ
ɫӰͺͷ뺷˫ϴצצһһذףģǴТͷϸǴһЦĸñʾȻֽɵһ㣬ǲһֻϣƮƮطԶ赭дģȻԳҪ߳Ṧ
˴ʮ⣬Դ޲źȻʧTMDǡצһ˭Ȼ书֮󣿡
аɫͬÿϻԴϴγԿ֮һֱƴڵʵѾԶʵȻҸеһϢ֮СһˡͬСʮ֣װ磬᲻Ǵ˵еظֽ֡𰡯ƣ
Դ޳ˡߣϼɽϨ˱˼ɣȥӦһҶӣϣӵ

һ棬ħŵϢҲû֪̽а˵ĴۻᣬҶֱŲҵȥΪǲͶҽħ֪ѶˣʱħŷУǲˣǸҳ棬ħŴ˵ʵȫһٲ
ʶٰףħţûͣ׷ɱĽŲ⺷ŵֱƽָء
ùġɮԲûʱͷϸۿߵĿ龰Ҷߴߣһ·ŭõطɱƽŻҪڡ¥
ΪӦɮԲĹ٣Ҷֻߴ򣬵ٶȲ˦ٰ׺ħŸ̶֣ʮڣõ׷Ҷʮɵľ֮ڡ
ҶʱͷٰǼ˫۾ڽǰڰ˫ɷضã޲TڵħŸٰ֣ҲѾʮɾ롣
ʱԲܹͷһۣ֤ŵιȥ
ۼǰһ¸ǽ·˺˼ɵһԾһ󼦷ɹΧĻ԰͹㳡֮⣬Զһ¥¥ǰӰܶȻԲҶĴ뾪˵ȵע⡣
ʲô˵ҴҪأ
һഫҶԲûˣֻҶЦسŶԷ˱ָ
ԷŸֹȻһҶҲǽһģ
ҶСС֪ôͽ̸ݺϵӱôȣҶ治֪ϲǱ
ԲеĴͺͷʵڹڸ¥֮ڶȻԶԶͿ˸һʱ֮²δԲۼ˸¥֮⣬ǰθɤţȵλͬ
飡
ȻֹҶ̧һţֱӽ߷˳ȥ¡һ£˸¥Ĵ˽ȥҶӴ˽ȥͬʱӲߺȵ²ˣħŸִˣ
飬䣬ϡﻩ
ԲǱȥֱ֮ҷһΣʱһ෴ӦѸٵĸ֣׷ɶǽ˼ѣһ󼦷ɹ
˶ô£
һλ״棬ٿȻжٶ˵ݸ·úͬʱʣ׼˸ոصҶҷεԲһʱû˹ġ
Ҷһѽ˹󣬶ʶƴʦͭͯ챸սħŸųа˳ٰͬ׵ȼ鵳ΧɱˡԲʦֵ٣棡
δ䣬ӰһΣһ۴䡢ٵĵҶǰһ˫۾ȻҶ˵ʲôħŸ֣ģ˭Ҵ˵أĪǻò㷳ˣ
ҶδԷƾȻǨʶʮʵֻü׷ݿݣտգƮ¶֮ƣӨŮӣĿͷһƽɫͷ˷֮ڡ
Ҷδ˵Ⱥ˳ȵҶʲôã
Ҷͷһʱ֡
˵֮˾ȻǡĻ壬벻λ־Ȼûߣڴ˵أȺɽʲôҪ£Ĵڻңã
Ҷ޵һ䣬Ҫʡ
ͻȻҽУ˾䣬¡һӰȺŴⴳ˽ָֻرܲʱϮʹɱ֣ʬ咁ɣѪ֡
ٰף
ڰ˫ɷ
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073 ۸ȥ
ٰ׷̫ȻûϵŸ¥֮ȺƼٿʲôᣬȻ֮£˾Ȼֱ˶׵ֵм䡣
ٰ׾;Թ˵һ㵱ѪҧгݺȵҶñɣգTMDҹ
ǿݻ޵ĵɽ˷ɽźӣҲһɽߣһ߾Ȼٰڵ뢣ʱɫ˵ڰ׵ͬǰŵĺʱ̣ܹɱٰףȻܵӮüţԼɽ˵аһǷϻ˵ֱӸȵٰף·㲻ߣҪһ˵ء
Ⱥ۵ʱߣĻЩ֣ʵٰף㲻ȥɽ˵ν£
ӲһҪĻӣǽսʣصȴٰ׵Ĵ𸴡
ٰվȻԸգֻҪҶߵǸˣ˽˶Թ޹ء
ȺãȻҶҶԽڶȵұ˵ûϵ˶࣬߻ħŸأҸϽʹˮԮϵ
ĻҪʻѾҶȵ룬ݣֵõָֻţﻰ⣬Ļһǳ⣬ĻϼΪѿɱһЦ£ġ𡱽ЩŭȻ
һĽʣ˵ٰ׹ħţ֤ݺڣħŸ֣ħŸģ
䣬䡪
ŴƬƬһΣ˴ǽʮֳɱǽħŸ֣ȻԴ˵˶İ׵Щ⣬ɱϵħ˿ɲܶԷǷ˶࣬һֱʹɱ֣飬Ȼһ˲䳬ʮϵİ׵ʬᵱ
ʱô׼ȷҶδͣħ˱Ѿɱ
ɱ
ٰԮʱپţȺеҶɱ˹
ҶæȵǰСģٰױˣ
Ҷϣתܡ
λ߰ĺӣȻΪٰǳԼǺһ֣ƻٰ׾ɱ˹ȥ
ٰװޱȣҲ޼ƿʩγ칳ӭȥ˽潻գۼ侹Ȼͽʮ£һʱ˸൱
ٰΪΪұ֮һ书˫ʵʮ֮һġɽˡȻҲڻ£ȻΪᶯ֣˫߰Ȼʮ֮󣬱㶯𣬾㶼˫ͨɱ
ٰĺڰ˫ɷ˵ɱֱԾ׷Ҷչ̣Ӱһһ󺺵ǰ
𡱽˫ֹ죬ЦڰС󣬺þòˡ
ڰ˫ɷٿȻֹͣŶԷɽˣ
ŶԷˣӿ⣬ɭȻǶɽˣɽѾδ棬һǷ֮ľɳһˡ
һ˵꣬˫ȭͬһȭϹЮɫ׵֮˶ĺڰ˫ɷ
ĸֵǰڰ˫ɷȻҵ֮ˣŶ˫һ棬أγɵӭƥ׵֮ȭ

ʱҳһ࣡
㶺
ҶôĻ£ʱȫ߸˳аˣԼȻԸƿֻŸϽߣ;
û뵽һתǰһӰסȥ·ɴ˽Ҷȥ
榻ͮţ
ҶһӰס·ҶͫһͺȵӢǷǸҲ⣿
ҶͻȻһţޡһԭۻᣬҪǶİɣ
ӢŭҶװͿ˵ô֪ǵ٣ȻħŸƻúݶ˼
֪ﳶӡ
벻ҶԼײȻƻ˷Ǹа֮ʲôЭ飬ȻԷԼƻҶȻȥʲôԵɣͷһϵԲæһָġ
Բ榻ͮȻ
ӢͷŭԲҶô
ԲҶһ߷ɣԴʱĳ޴һѪʱͷͣӢʣֱӴûҴġ

Ӣһͷ˦žһ죬δָѵԲʱֱȷ˳ȥȻײ׵֡
ǰһգɱĻʱֱҶӢˣĿһӣŭһ˫͵һܣһʬǰʬʮƣǾʬʱɸѪ
ãǡѪپӢɫһ䣬ѿں

ʱĻǾ߹ʬ߾ٹֱӱ˹

榻ͮߺУֱԱʯ˵
Ҷŵһ£㵽һʯ֮
ǾʬɵУȻһ죬ѪѪˮẔ́ǵζɢ׵ֶѪˮܵ

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ȫѪˮܵĸֲҽеأðۣѪԿµٶ䣬¶ɭɭ׹ǣ䶯ҲɼֳΪҡֻǺ֮䣬⼸׵ֱͬݹһ㣬òҲ̶ãʣµ徹ȻڲͣҲ֮Ѫ⻯
֮⣬˱Ѫˮͬҽ˴ϵѪˮһöѪɢø졣
ҪҶ
һȣĻбӣৼ֮䣬Ǽ˽ѪˮĲλˢˢظһأֱӱĻֱն˴ȺֱۣȻֶβпᣬ˶֪Ҳ֮٣ôǾһ
˺󣡡
ĻĻֶһ߱еʬͬ飬ʱ߳ŭһɱ˹ȥ
һ࣬ӫ𺣣ֳʱŨ̹Χɱʮ׵ֱյƤǱӴܡ
Ψһܹİ׵֣ǻµƴʦ˫ֻͬ꣬ƿ䣬óս񹦾ԱѵħŹЩ׽⣬ȻܹԼϮȴȲͬڴѡ
ͬ龰ⶰ¥дݣ׵ħžֵͻϮ޵ļ֮⣬ȫڱĵزϲ
ĽѵҶ榻ͮӢˣҲһħŸսһ˵Ķֶʮһϳ˶ԷǸݣʱȤݶ˲ʱ
ΨһģĻˣ佣£ֲʮУ㱻Ǳ֮ʱ޲Tλͬʱʮеӫһλ֣ͬλ龳ַǿסĻһ֮ɼ书֮ǿ
ʱҶ˸¥һ˳ڣĲҽƵƵͬһѰѶܲķɵݺݵĵס
ҪܣҪܣ˾ҪǸ˺ʲôǶֵܲԼǾǵˣҲǻá
ȻҶͣظԼЩݸԼΪᡣԭ򣬾ҶĵһֱΪﲻ
һҽдʣҶѾ˺λãۼžڸǰŭһԭؿʼתĥĥTMDǸİǸɲ˴µĻ쵰ôˣӻ̤ʵ
㶵ؿʵôˣ۸ˣ
Ҷǽڣݺݵһͷ鳣ײǽϣüʵ۸ˣô죿ܣǻȥ
ٺЦ۸ˣȻҪ۸ȥˣܵĲǺú
ҶЦһǰ˵ĺܶԡ
һָţôǵţܰɣţʱͰȫˡ
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ҶվֱӣŤŤӣɭȻȻ۸ȥ


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ħ֮˶ɲ˽ʲôأ֮飬ָӦԲתۼء
էݵָҲͬ𷴻ս̼Ȼ
Ĵ󵱼ȴʱյصУԼϵ֣ɴʱĸо񵥶Գһ޶
ħŸ˵һˣҲ˵ˣΪһ˫̥ԴֱۣȣȴһɣԱһƲûһë԰׵ζһֱͬһ泤ݣȥ˸ε㺮
⻹㣬ԷĹѾﵽˡ龳ڣ֮ݶֱ˷ָ
н˿ӭͷ£ĹЦһȻԴ󵶲ܲˣ˫ֱӳȵץѪܵ˫֮ǰѾץλݸֵ࣡
ͬʱ˱һˣȻ˫ͻȻֹͷ˫ƺʮٿȻȵĴ󵶸ӲסۺĹȻһʱûѷֺ
һ˲䣬˫ѪѾǰ
󵱼Сģ
ҪͷԱһֵ͵زײ䲻ݷؽײ˳ȥһ٣һҽУֹ󺺱˫ֲǰأѪһɺݾͻӴͷ£
ݸһӵϣҪ־ˣǹ˶죬˫һ泤ֱ͵һץŴ󺺵˫ֹۣ˴£˫ֲԷŵĹˣ˳һۣһ£˸ţѪӿ˹Լһͷһ˫ס˶ԷȣԴͷ¸һЦȻһ֡
ǳֹ󺺵ʱֳݡ
ֵܰȿĿѣд󵶣Ҫɱ
ǹˣֻݲΧӢ͹תͣѪɢɽͬı֮⣬˵һʱΪ֮һᣬ־֮ʱ

һҽȺ򽣸ӱɢĹؽзʬһòŮӸһ۹УһҧʺӿѪ乾£龰ֲ㡣
򽣸еһ࣬Ѿ˱־Уͷܡ
Ӷͷ䡣
һȵ򽣸սߣն⣡
ѪֶͼӰ򽣸ӣߵݸ֣Ҳͷһߵ˼ӲͷƤɱȺɱ˲գ۵Ķħ
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һţƴʦƴӫһȭѪжһɻҲӲؽһħŸָе
ħŸȻ书ǿΪӣרѰ书΢ݺֶ֣β̣Ķ֣ȫܼȥҪʹаһʱⷬΪƾ̵ֶΣ߽ӢĶ־оȱΪƴʦɱƣɱӫˣҲֽħŸУŶԷʬſſصڵϣƴʦЦúãúã
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ӫŨ̹죬͵һȭƴʦ󱳣ħͷŵ棬γһˮ״Сħͷſ죬
ؼһ̶ӳһƬںɫĹâ֮ڣɴ˿ɼӫһȭʵǱۣͬСɡ
ԶͭͯȣʦСģ
ղӫһȭѾţʱת飬ﻹߣ
ƴʦһĬӷ𡱣˫ֺʮۣȴȭһ̡
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ƴʦأΣ֮ʱӢĿѣȴѾǾԮۿӫһȭӡֱӵģ
ɾӫЦƴʦĿһ̣ԱͻȻһצӰۣ
ӫͫ͵һΪɲǼ䣬ܵ鷢ˣԭһȭӦӡϺƵıĴͻȻ䲻֪һֻ֣ʩʩȻصԼȭͷǰ
һĹâɢһƣһסԼȭͷ
ȭͷϲħͷһĹ棬ƬɫĹâٿȻϨ¶Լͻȭ
⡭
өȻ̧ͷӭһŽ񡢵ˮ˲һʧ񣬡㡪
ԷӢ΢΢һЦңҶ
ӫȻѣȴ͵طԼ־ȻͬԼһ㣬ַֻ·ϵһħȫûа취ת֮ϣ
̫Ԫ񹦡
һ̣ӫԷݣħ֮һġ̫Ԫ񹦡
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Ļʱɱ۾ħȫøУΪȻǸҰļѲ֣ͬʱҲȷĻӰ죬ͳ֮ۼΪأħ֮ΥԵ֮졣

ӫƸݣ˫ȻӲؿֵĻʮལ屻ǿˣǱĻͬҲûнԷô
Ա޲Tġڤ۳ټһţ˫ָ߾٣͵سĻ˹ƺĺɫʱɢеġиʴԣһλʮҲǻæܡ
ΨĻһٿȻУϻֵסڤϮӻڲסԼΣĴħŸֶʱʧȥټ
ʶģĴħŸͬʱˡ

Ļ彣⻯Ϊһٴγɲǣֱӫһλ۵ʮ
һۼѾܲϺһһĻ壬һȻ䲻
ĻҲǲɵóһһٿȻǺ۽ϡ飬غһմȾˡڤĻͬһ飬ֱ档
ȺħĿʱһλбڽ֮µĽڲӡ
Ļ壬صĺ
һɳƵش˹Ⱥħܣ¶һ߲һ壬ͣϵò񻰵ͷӣ֮ÿһ̤֮󣬵϶һɫĸ
ЦһôĹâĻڸǣʥŶûз
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ԹԵع̾Ǻ
䡪
Ļüͷһ壬ݹ٣һǲǾսһ
ٺһЦӶһ𣬵Ȼкβɣ
롪
Ļһȣ͵غֱ¥ǡһ⺮վݡľ޴𣬽ŹһΪʮΪʮϣľ紵üħǲֻʺˣԭսħ˫߸վȣҳһš
һ̣ƺаսľԽ㡭


075 ֶο
ħ֮ݶȷԶ
ǲԱ˺ݣԵ˺ݣԼ˺ݣǶԼҲίʵݡ
ûκεԥҶһ絶ɲǣӫ͵һնԼҶץסնϡ
̫Ԫ񹦡ɳһаɶһзѲ뾭ӫħ͵ڱһ룬ƾֲҶĶ֣ǺɫһնϱסֱۣνΪ׺ˡ
ֱϵ˲䣬ӫٿȻһ飬ҶһƵʱ˿մ
Ũɣӫ̼˻Ũ֮С
ȺʱһƬź
벻ħŹ˹أڴ˵ȱɵ¶ӵίʵ
ֻΪ˵Ҷȴ¶һ˿Ц̲סҳȵܣΪȸ𣿡
ŵʱ˫˵ȵע⣬Ҳ˳ĵĻˡԭǶ֮սѾƴ䲻ŵȻֱӽаħ֮һȸĻʣǻԼҲȻûеôţƵĽа塭
ȻعˣҰҶȻ֣̽ĻŨ֮УֻŽӫȻĻỤֵֻ̃ĲŪ·ֱһֲĸо̽צһץŨ̺ͻһӰű˳ӫϳ˲ŵı飬ͬʱ˾Ϳ־塭
ͬıҲͬʱħŸֵϣȻҲΪ֪ӫȸ֮⣬û˿׵زٿػǻҲһ㡣
ӫΪľǰҶʩʩȻ֣ԼĶͳһ㣬ӫֱӱס˺󲱾һ˴ӻ˳
еħŸ֣ӫԼѾȫɵˡ
ҶҶ㣬㣬㲻ɱҡ
ҶٺһЦǸ˵˲㡭
ҪԶһ𣺡ס֣
Ҷ̧ۿȥһͷֻʱкðҶ㲻ҪѰ·
Ҷһ£ֻʱΧ˾Ȼȫֹٰ׶ĺӣԼ񶷺ڰ˫ɷġ𡱽Ҳɴ˫ۿߣһƲ죬յϻ˭øƵġϼʶĸϽһȥȻ۸ͷ
㡭ʱǺһ¼仹˸ô˵ƵҲмӣ˵ǲ˴ֱɡҶĵڽʱ鵽˴δйŭ
ӫҶһ̫Ԫ񹦡Өҫ˲䴫ħŸֵȫֻ˲ȫӡͬһһ
ΪĿĽ㣬Ҷٴ跸͵һܣһ֮ϣӸ£ӫλλŮʿλǣ
Ļڵħŵĸ֣񾭲һؿҶֻΪʿһϹȴһ㶣ڿǴδ֮Ļ˲졣
ʢʱڣ͡ѵýմһһã˻ʱ̣СΪұݸĿλˣ뿴ǧһ
һ䣬Ҷӫڿն𣬷ʮɸߵ͵ĴݶҶӫһ
˵һȫҶƿصӫӲһ˫ֱӲ˺֮ϣ
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һ£Ⱥħ
ҶһЦǣ׹ͬʱסӫ׵͵һק

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Ҷ壬ҧгݵȫѪܡ
ħŰɱˣʿɱħˣҲҵֶΣһʱ䲻ħ֮ĿѣʿҲǴΪ
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ŭȺħҶӵ
ߣĻҶֶȻüѣʱ˿ҲȻ׷ŹȥͬģӡͯȵҲǲܷŹħŸ֣ΧҶԸѵġ𡱽ЦҶСӺֶΣɱúãɱúã
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һΣʿʼħ˷˹ȥ
ƴʦ˲˺󣬿źѪӫʬ壬Ŀţһۣо䣬òˣԻҲ˭նħɱɱɱ
һţ۵³һѪͬʱ˹ѹƣŴһӣһɳͬȺħŸ֡
ʱ˿̵ҶؼţȺĲǴ̼ء
ħ˾һԸȻöԸ˵ֶΡ
ҶЦд¡貨΢չĹӰ˵ǣҶܿħֶθǿĸ֣ʹֶΣרЩ书ħŸ֡
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֮ǰսУʧأʮλӲǱɱ֮һʣµҲ˴ˣʱҶһƯԭ˼Ϊĺӣ˹ȥ¹л
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ֱǻǧٿףøûʲôѪ׷䡭
ʣҶٴӮһݺŵĸл֮顣

ҶŲбÿ޲TһȭһţŵһһӣǽĻһ׼ǰл䲻һһ飬·ذֱӳС
Ҷæһ࣬۽ϳ֮֮ǰ㱻ĻǸ벻ǸۣȥΪ׳ȴСͬͬʱҲµܹĻ彣ľӦݹ
Ҷ治ͣش̳һѰذףҪԼֹ죬ֻԼ˫ѾڶԷذ׹֮±ϡá
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ȸԻͲõɫӳÿһ˵УĿѣԡ

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ô˵Դߣ͵һظȵֵҹ䣬췢ģⶫԲ͵ġ
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ԴϢԱߴ˴գžɫŮǴҲҵĹ͵ġ


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Դ޵õĻӦһİۡ
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ǹЦز˲ͷЩʶּй̼ˣٶ࣬㳢רΪЩƵġɢ
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Դɫʱ䣬ȻɫٴĲɻҪǲ٣ɲ޷ɻˣɢԭ˼
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ⳡս˵Ԥϣа˫ûʲô׼ͬʱĽһҩͰþôǵĻ𻨾ͱҵıը
ڣɻҶ֮ٸˣʣµģǿ˭ɴըкˣ˭ᱻը÷顣
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ӣбܰͺȣµֽһٴλΪһѳնԴ޵Ľס

һҶ˫ǰ̽Ѹޱȵط˶ԮԼΣڵϦֵܡ
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ҶӣԴ˻ŭ𣬵ת˲ͱӭѹȵ˵ԼʱΣҶ»Ҫ֡
Դ޵һе棬˵ŷĳμ䣬ܡֽ𰡱Ƶ׷
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һսֻ֮Ҫɵϵڣ׵ͻʰģħŵĶҲԽԽǿҡ
˵ôʱΪǱȺУʱҶѾȫʲôеĩѧˡ
һλֿľ֣ȻһǱͬˣҶţһЩ
һ鱻߷ɵʯͷԶҲʯͷɽֺͷʹɲ˵Цġ
ʱ߷ʯĴֺͷﶼ𵴲ֹűԼɵҶٴλع飬ĵ׶еβ
ֻҶҲǿȥǰֻǷתġ쳤ؾòϳѹȥҿֲܵ˺ǽ߻˵أһʮ˲ʮʱԭѾ߰˳ɡ
ĹǿɡҶɫȻض˶½ɺͣ˼ȥ߱Ȼ˵ϧ㲻÷á衯ģȻȴľýӲٶ£仯ҲӲ֡ǰ㣬Ѿɽˡ
ٷϻϷֲѵצһǰӭ˶ɢһԷֵСӹȻһǲɱ㣬Ҳûʸȥսˡ
ûɱ㣬Ƕħһۣһٵǡʮ붼ţƣ
úӮ˵
˻ﲻϣŲͣһ˵ʱ򣬶Ѿȫվһ˫ľֻߣһ־Է
Ԯˣ㻹ϷӲƴ
ҶЦЦΪԮˣҲеӷһ

ɱ
ܺɱݽ˵ĸִΧӵͷĸ־ȻϼɽδѣӶŰ诺ָ͡ᡱڵྫ֣⻹ɽعλʦ̫ħŸɱ
һ棬÷ѩź͹ԶнϣŵˣӲ湥
ɱ
ħŸֱӭϣɱ
ͻȻһƥ磬ڵħŸֱ˸ְСӱܵļ󣬼ֱһξȸᡱϮɱֻǰǴ֮ܣһΣȴͷš
ӰһһЦеСͷվ˵ء
ٴνӵ޲Tһˣһƶ
СеϷ򣡡
СͷЦеص˵ͷ˺Ͱ׵ڼүүλ¼ݣŵġĦ족ƶ̫̫֮µŵڶ֡
벻Ȼɽˡ

ԶһһУĽ壬תˡ
ٰףͽ
Уֱ˱ӵסٰס
ٰ׵󺧣˲ñһˣתܡ
ٰףϣڴˣ
ӭϣָȻٰȡȻԼΧ֮УһٴתӶݡ

ܺɱȵʱ򣬡צһץǶȷ˹ơ
һҶû㣬ʮָӶʮһֱѨϮצѨһ֮ǰۻ鶯
С࣡Ѿܲסƿڴ
ƥֹڴˣҶãڶ
ݡ
Ҷָɽ롰צġ۹צԹƬ̣Ʒȼġ۹צӲǱҶεϱеĵ̼׶ͨͨϲˡ
ˣߣ
ֽ𰡱ƺХԴ޺аļл֮󣬳Ҷ֮ս˵˵
ֻյ̣һ°ĽƺȻסȫ
ӱɳȥʮԶֱӹڵء
ʲôˣ
ŭȻ״һͬһϮ£ȴƮͬ·ӰǰԶ
ͷ׷ĳűҴһһ鼮ŵЦ΢΢һЩǸȻصСͽ飬ֻǲҪֵĺá


080 ħ
ͫһʵ˭
вףֵĲףΪʲô̶ʱûн뽭⽭ôôĸ֡
ʦôˣҶʵ
ʦôô
Ǻһ鳤ʣָڱһֻζضͽܵʻֻǵȻĪң¡
ͷָָϵŵλħŸֵʬ壬ȻҵòЩ
ڷƵķʣʦͽ˭ûлش
ƶʱŭȻʵףղŵһ䲻⣬ٶȼ죬ʵӦԼಮ٣ٳӣԷ赭д̬ȣ
һֽţһɶĳǹŭһųɱ˹
˭֪·ϹХһԴͬаɱЦʦû㣬ֵӦһĸְɡ
֣ͨ죬Ҫλδ⻹һЩҪӮңʦ޼˾ռɡ
ɫǹԴ޺аһйδдϢ֮˿۷ٴɱ

ʦɽҶʱ㡣
ôȻҶԼ书٣Сڤ񹦡ȿڹһʦĽٶ˵֡
ⲢҶŬҲߵġŭh󡱲Ϭ֮Ĳ࣬ʵڡϡ
ʣ˶¼ѵһѧţʣԣ֮֡
ҶĽѾˣϧ²Ƭ̲徻Сڤ񹦡棬ȴձȲҹѧĳ顣
ҶģϾ꣬Ӷһ鶼ôǳһ㣬һչؾǼʱ䲻أ
ϵĳȣ˳ܹѧҹټͨĵ̣ѵõѧԣҶṩѧ֮ͨ£ı仯벻˶̫ܡ
ʱĳ飬һ֮У·ϵ·ʱпƿնȥֻվѾ˾޴ѹħӴеվԭصĽ塭еľֶûתͷһۣѾͬӹһ㣬ӡÿ˵ͷ
ȴѡ
Ĵڣһѳʵĳبʺ֮ϣֻĸоͲòɢעȥ
εҶ񫣬ܷſֽ⹥ˡ
䣬䣡
ҶΧšצͣת˫ʱͣʱᣬ仯ˣʤ
צʹ׹צצȻҲǺ켶ѧ仯ȻҶĹ䣬ʤأӦȻǿƱΧŴ򣬵ڹؼʱ̻Ϊġ
һʱֳɽ״̬
Զֽ𰡱Ϊ飬Դ޺аս߹һ㡣
ȺսУ龹ȻڴĬȻ飬ҿüɫ裬òģֱ̫ˡ
Ȼ˿ۣħ˵˵Ļ޲TԭЭӶݴ˵أе·߶Ѿİ׵ɸֶΨһиģ򡣶߻ͷֵעǶΪõпܱҶ֮Ĳߵ蹷λֺϳһ·ôӳĽࡣ
Ψһ۵ģװģĳ顣
ϡ
޲Tһһų˹ȥ֮ǰսЩˣʶ벽Ĺȴȷ
ϾʬһżһʬɣǰȥжʬһĴһǰĳ鶪ȥһȥ
ǰ󣬼ʶѪپİ׵ǣʱһתܡ
ϳ˳֮⣬˶ܵһա
ۼѪʬϾҪըϵ̾һţⱾö꣬Щأ
Ǻһ񡱳ʣƽһ£¹֮£ǾѪʬ׵壬һĹâ֮С
ʬ£ԭѵʬٿȻҫө⣬ӭǺ޲T
ڤѪپħŹûв캦ϰõô˶书㣿
¹âٿȻ󣬷ٽӽ޲TѾȫ޷ı䷽ˣԷġ̫ԪѾʵʵĵزЩӽ֮Ƥһʹࡣ
ɱ
ڤӿ׹ٿȻײһ
ɲǼĽ棬ת˲š
޲TٴγѾκεĺƣŭŵĴƴҪӳģȴðһƬ׹⡣
׹Ȼɢס޲TΧ˾Ī֮УǰǿҫȻڵ֮ٿԭأѾûһ޲Tټˡ
κδڵĺۼѾڡ

־תܣΪʱǵ齣İ׹Ѿ޲TѾ˽ǰ׷͵ǿӲأ
Ȼʱ֪ߣѾһ
нһתһӨ׽һ㣬ٿȻ˻ڣҽУ׹ŲһħһԱ
̫Ԫ񹦡ħֶʱڳа׵ӡ̡뵱ħŸħԸǣγռ˱أڷˮתҲħ˳˱ɱζ
˻
벻ܹﵽĵزڳӢЩβѡ
鳤ʣȻȪ·ϲߣתĪħˡ
һ̣ȺĿ⣬ѾˣѾĳ羴

Ҷ͵س𣬱ܿˡצĹ̵Ѹһȣ˫צ£צ֮ץš
ХƥС
á
ܲݺܶΧϸһ۷Ծ
ħŸֹȻӵù죬׵ܹƥеĸֶ׷ȥʣµĸ·ܣǲ岻ֵʶע˳ʣµΨһһ֮С
Ƶ֮Ҷƾ߳似ȡһȻ
֮ϣ˫צ䣬צӭ˫צٿȻ̽Ҷġצ֡Ӳƴһ˫ֵֻʱץһ似ĵ档
Ҷ˵ĶѾĥ߰˰ˣԭӦʤһƫƫҶõġ貨΢о֮Чʶ˫вʱһ


081 
Ȼ޹ؽҪʣµľǴϵĽ档
Ȼצ־϶ԼԼϤҶʵ֮⣬Ľ塢ӡȡͯƴʦЩˣҲձ鲻Ҷ
Ҷôһ˶ǰ̾һҶʵǳһǻУԼõľ澡͡
ЩУҶԿԳƵǽĴңȫڼȡʤαðȥ˽ǡצʮĽǰôצŵĵɲֱϵġ۹צ⸱
֮
Ҷ̫ᣬ̫嶯ˡ
Ľʱüͷ壬ͺȵҶȺĪһֱԴޡаķ淺Ц
ĬĬվȺһǵӮӢ榻ͮ¶ļЦ⡣
Уֻŵƶ¶֮ɫʶؿһյĳ顣
ȻѾĽҶʱצʵںˣ׺ָظڿжֻ̼ΪݣֱצĺڣҪǶ˹۲ˣͲᷢ֡
ͽվΪʦĳУʱöһ
ѵҶСӵĹѾǿȫλֵĵزôͽһ㣬λʦʵʵֵһأ
һ˲䣬ƶĬĬһ˼ҲžܾǸ󣬶ɽˣʲôɿǵѡ
Ϊ˵ġצʱд֣ԼҶصĹ֮Ե׽⣬ԼԣȴҶĪĥ֮УȫĴʱУһֻСȸԼɽèצ¡
˸оٿȻ˫צ̽ҶץһǸһӴ֪Լһ

ȫ
צʮλ֣ٲǰǰĸ߸ϡ
벻Ҷʵǿһ͵սķƣֻһֵɫ˲
һۻȻϮδָ֣Ǳѵ۹צ˫Ҷı֮ٿȻ͡
ܾͬХٿȻ
ĽɫѶӮӢ榻ͮͷ޲¶ɫ벻侹ǿǿ۹צ书
ҶҲǵһĸֽʹáצ֡ӲҶۻĳ£ƥһŹֵ书·ߣԴ޵˼ˣҲǾѡ
ԼˡҲΪԼһֱЩӲӲĹʼԼ͸ֵĿˣܺŪͷľ֣ﵽ䲻Ч
飡
һ죬Ҷצ˫÷飬ֽ˫÷飬һţߵ÷˳ȥ
ΪʱԱߵġֽ𰡱Ѿܲ˵ɱ˹ԭȫҶֻôͷȫһŽ߷ɣ뽫䵱
ҶҲʧߵǣ벻צľ֣ȻᰵľķþߣԼԽһͷһţȻֻڶԷһѪ֮׵رԼ

ʱ֪Ҷ׷ɱѾһ
ֽһĶٿȻһ֧󴸣Ҫ׷Ҷһǡ

Ҷȫ˷һشӲɵĺˣƽһŴҶӭӴ䣬˫Ӧһǿƥ͸룬ҶȫѪڣ˿
ǡֽ𰡱շˣ;ֽٴαɡֽ𰡱ŷֱͦͦŵƽɣԶһĶȣĨһɷ׺ٴλظ˫Ŀ׹ʢζҶ
צʱѾС
֣оô
ʵĺǾϻΪʱɫ԰ҪشȴֻǡۡһһѪ
ƣǶ˻־ܣѵҪͷӶֽ𣿡ŵƶڴ˵ر󣬵Ȩ̫̫׽㡣
̫̫з׸ʵף˼ţһ˵ݣҲûʸƹš
ƶ˽һֵİ֮У̫̫֮⣬ڶ롣
ֻƶȻôֽа壬ݺ⣬˶̫дˡ
ƳϺȵƶѵΪƾԼʵǵֶ˸׳ƳΡҪǽΧˣΪһ㣿
ĽɫĲÿյķͷҶʦͽˣźɽ˵ıֶԶԤڣǺȵͷӲλԸְòŽʲôأһ£ָͬ
һ䣬ȹȥ
á
ӭ˷Ľ壬ͬʱƺɱȥ
ʱⶰ¥ͻȻǾҵȺ۵ʱ˸УȻ̧ͷ֮ʱ

¥㿪ʼ׹䣬ܷ֧õʼС¥δüӦ֮ʱȻ
ȵӰҴܣ
һжֹⶰ¥ı
δʱ¥ѲڡֳһƬǽ壬̳ٴΧƬʱѾûзƺκӰˡ
ֳҳһš
ܹ˳ӳ¥ΣϾֻȺ֮£ǵ֣ԼŴľʽڸ¥Ľ֣Ӧòܶࡣ
Դ̲סֹ벻벻ͷȻᷢ飬ôױ÷ƺСˡ
ҶĬԱаͻȻǸʹ߳Ҳˡ
Դʼ磬ǲΣԷǸڻǰ׵ݣǻҵڰǶβĲ˵Ľ嵱ܸǷ
˲ɵõͷ
ǶԶ߻ǱȽϺôҪǵҪָһĻ˫ݺǱȺγڲѣڶ
ʱӰϣ֮ǰ׷ٰ׵˵ϼɽˣָһŭݵط˻
˫Լ֮Ҷ׷ٰô
̾һֻмʦһ˸ϣЩṦʵڲӡϣСҲ׷ȥٰײˣڰ˫ɷҲ˫˫ѣǲġ
ʲôٰˡ

Ҷʱȴһ£ٰ׵Ӷݣƺ¸Ҫ
ʱûмǸˣ
ĸˣԴЩȦ
ҶƱȵնһ£Դ޵򡭡
ϵӰûУû
ɣ
Ҷһֱɶѵ֮Уצ֡ٴδκβӶҪѸ͵زͣھ
ģòᱻ˰ɣ


082 һ
ʣҶٴʧȥټӶôʦֽ⣬ֵܣȺҲȻһԵؼѰС
ҶСѣ֪ҪҵǲǸһǸ׷ߣش󵱼׷ЩҵҶʵ
ǰҶһ㶣Ŵϲ׷ʵش󵱼ҿǿˣ
ҡҡͷµûмղս֮ʱֱ⣬˵Ǻ񿴵ߴӺȥˡ
ˣˣҶϲѡ
æ˵ĵֻһȻˡ
Ҷǧлϵûбǿǵһȵ¡
Σ治֪òʹһͬһ㣬µһķǿˡ
Ҷ겻ѣԱаԴһ˹ֻ˵ɫҶ֪ʲô£ȡƴʦҲ֪ظǡ
ȻԴһſڱѹɤüΪص˵¥⣬Ϊġ
Ҷɫ䣬ȴѹֲסе𺳡
аͳһľͷȻһ֡һýġаʾһľһı棬ƽ⻬һǳɣַһ࣬ȴǡ⻬羵ͬһ棬ˡ
һ棬ǱƻġаٿȻؿҶ
Ҷһÿĵ
ΪʲôǽԴҲնġ
ǱеľӡնҲȲϵơҶǿƺ񣬶ƴСľ壬ָɽһƺľ嵱бʿ˸ƬпڴƽֽͬţȴԶûдﵽ˵ĵز
аȻаŹ顭ϱǿ˿ɲ࡭
Ҷɫأ̹ȻҸˣﲻûУϣҲµǸˡ
˭Դ޺ʵ
ҶĬŹ⻬ľ壬ǧ̴Ƴɵʾ򣬴ΧҪһǶϷʱ򣬶ϴɶӹɤĽͷأոջܿأTMDܵɪ
ҶһæȵĽҲˣʲôʱ򣿡
Ǹţ䲻ҶʣһҲ֪ʲô֪
ʧ٣ٰߣߣĽˣˡ
طһʧ˸Ӱ٣οЩ졣
ʱϼɽĶʦùһҿһۣҶСѣ֪ʦڰѯ
ʦҶãȻĹˣԴޡаһԣͬʱ̾ˣοĳˡ

ٰ񱼣л̻̲ѡ
һεʧʵ̫죬ĶֽҶУ֮ĪؾȺΧɽ˵ĸΧ˶
ɺϣı
ıΪЩ˲һһ򾡣ȴǸϼһôɵһطؾۡ
ɺϡ
δҲ̫ˡ
ѵһж
ٰ׼ش˸һ˵ӰͷǸӰ̩ͬɽһѹؿڣԽĿ־壬һڼǣҲûκΰ취ֲǡһΣǸ˶εʧܣеľ
ѵɱ
ٰװһԼܺͶɣ˴ɱպлٴ֣Ѫ֮ѣʲôµġµƵС
һĹض䣬ƵУҲûһ˿һ뷨ΪԼһӮ
ֻҪƵеĴȣʦţҲһ¡һʧķкξأ
ͷһƵе޵󣬹Ȼѹĵ׵ӰһָֻٰǰλƮƮƷǷľ߬͡š칳֣Ҳøˡ
ٹһԺ䣬Լûϵĵص㡣
Ȼٰ׷һСԺʱ򣬡ߺѶӰǰ
ˡ
ٰһУ¼Ϊʱֵ֮ʣԼԶûЩɽǰĸ
ǿѹ´ö˵˼ٰҿһۣüͷһ壬ʵڰ˫ɷأ
⡭ߺѻһۣҡͷ
ٰҪŭͻȻƿСԺ෿ϷӰһǰһվǰ
Ǻڰ˫ɷ
ٰײɵͷһϲٿȻλ˷£̫ˣֻҪλڣĳĶɽ𣡡
ٰ׸ǰͻȻеղԣͣ½Ų̬Ȼ֡
λǡ
µĺɷͻȻڴϵٰףҿ֮ĺ˰ɡ
ٰɫһ䣬ȻԺ⣿
ٰ״һߺҲһؿźڰ˫ɷ
һİɷһŭٰףֵܸǿ㻹ǸҲǮŵֵܵҪ󡣿ϧԸΥ׳־ͷһ޳ɣڸҪбħ²ܳ£ֵ̫ʧˣ
ߺͷⷬͬҲǶ˵ʹҲû뵽뿪ɽǣ˴˲һ̶ʱ䣬µɢ룬ٲڵһɵٹ⣬ǵҲһǧɣӵ꽭ŷɥĺڵ֣Ľɫ񲻹ħŵСʹ֣ڻҡ
ɷʱֵ֪գֵֺαͶ£ֱͶЧħžͺˣ˵ܵõһö衯ħҲ԰ֵܳСԱֱֵС𡯽ֵֻ֮ܳһ㶼ֵܰܽǻʲôָأ
ٰпŭô˵λǴҶȥˣǲҪˣǵĳŵʲôٰ׵Ǯɲǰյġ
ɷٰףٸֵܴӵ۾ģɽǵĲƸǮٶ࣬ҲҪǣ㣬ֵܳϦǻǳֵĺá
ɷŵֵܸ㾭ôãɽǵĲƸҲ÷ֵһ룡
ٰŭЦǻԼȣҪҵĶ
ɷһĶҲֵܰģҪǶˣ㵱ɱˡظ۲ɣ
ɷЦ콣ظұٰۣ׿ʵҲû취Ӯ۵İɣҪֵ۵עôܱͱһȡأٰȻݣڻǵǲŵıء
ٰǿͱӲɱۣ
ϢߺҲš


083 δ
ֳѹֵ˼㡣
Ӻڰ˫ɷصЦ⣬ٰɫȻ˵ġ
ߺѣԭٰ˫ţһ
ͣɽ֮ҲСɱ޿ɺǣٰײһ۳ֵܵôⱳһϸ룬ε
۹ȻĿٰ׵ֶΣһĴĹ˴
ٰϣͻȻչЦ⣬˵ȻˣҲ糤촰˵ٰȷ;ĩ·ĵزǴʵĲƸҲûô绻İȫ
ٰǰһۣЦе˫ɨˣȻҺôһΣ
ڰ˫ɷʲôף
ָٰԸٸλ֮ǰŵǮ˫ǸҶãֻҪһʱ伴ɣٰתͷߺ̾ǸôãһֱûбһΣֻҪԸ⣬뿪ԻؽлԸң֮л
ߺһֵܷɽǲ֪εĲƸʱϲֻǡȴĵ״󺮣æܾԸ׷ң벻˿ͷ
ٰ׼ȻܹЦӯӯ۱ͱһôܻ׷Լȥأ
һߺѹȻȻһ£תϸ룬ڰ˫ɷȴһۣͻȻһֻģ顣
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ŵôʧɫæ²ң¡
ݡ
ͣ
һ죬ֻеؿһϮһɾʹȫѪӿԹ޵Ȼֵٰףһľʡ
ɷЦ⸱飬뵱ۺƣ
ɷЦƵƵͷ
һ˿ûи֣ٿٰԹޣ㡭㣬úݡ
ٰޱ飬Ȼܱ֤㲻Ǹҳ֮ˣڴͷȴ˵ԸЧңߺߣ˵ôţĪѧңպҲͱһ
顰ۡһѪŭٰף㣬㲻úã
ۣ
ٰס칳һ飬ӱʬ嵱浹أĿ
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ٰЦһܺã֪ԼļֵҽǹƽҲҷġ˵ģֻҪܸߣƸҪ٣ж١
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ÿһ֣һĴ棬Ĵ棬ȴһĽĽ£ɾ޵еġ񡱳ƺš
Ľ
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һģЩһʱǿȴԼˣܹ˫±ΪµһԼȴΪԶİ֮ˡ
Ϊ˵õλµһŮĴ࣬Ľ˶ɱ¶һ޶ὣֻͣΪʥʹֻΪܹõǸʹĴࡣ
ԼȥʥأŻˡ
ȴڶſŭˣɱɱɱɱ
ս֮ɱ˶κ֮ĵӡ
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ǸŮˣò¡
뵽׿Ľ̾Ϣһ뵽ԼǸŮץסСӣȫûа취ѷֺƾã˷Ǹһѵ
ԼĲпɱϲúƽ˵ɽܵ顣ȢˣȴʧġͬʱҲ֣ԼǿŽͨĽ֮ģԼҲԽԽԶ
ԼǸ֮䣬ݵԽ׷ԽԶ
Ҫʵ
Ľǲʵˡ
Ǽ·֮Ĳٴˡ
Ѿʧģġ
ģҲ
Ľй¼ŵӰתȥ
ԶԶؿıӰһۣҲԸԶʧȥټ

ĽصĲֵһɲǣ»ָյӯŷûκε
ĽҲٴλָǸģ
תԺ䣬԰һɽׯ֮ɱֵ״̬Ľüͷ壬ڶܵҰֻ֪һӭĽ飬ڴʱһɽׯڱָ֣ǿÿһۡ
Զĺá
ĽӲŴãͻȻŲһͣô㣿
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˴ų˲ܲĶİԹɤ˵ȥʦôôˣ벻㻹
ĽɫһͷҲأȻЩϻҲҲ㣬ҲҪң
һ䣬Ļ̌ߣƬ̶ͣ
ҪߡҪ󡭡
ĽŲͣ£ȥҶܣӣȴҺθɣ
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ͶܵĺӣƾܵʵѰص׾٣αҡ
лۼĽҪԶŭһţмǰѵ˾飬㲻ϳϣҲҪ˵ʵĽĶӡ
һ仰һѵһĽУǵ˲ŭ͵һ֣֮⣬л类סʺٿȻᵽ˰֮УƾĹҲʹ
Ľɫǵͨ죬ȴͷԸͷһͷҾ㣬Ҫ¡
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ۼҪʱ̣Ľ𣬾ܾôɱŮˣȻǸ󡭡׿󡭡
ʣ
Ľŭһ˳һ˦л浱׷˳ȥ
лʹһڵϣ̧ͷʱﻹĽټ
лԹ֮ɫ㣬૵Ľݡ㡢׿ҾͲⱲӻһֱѹһͷҾġĽҵģһĽǸá


088 ı
ҹ
谵ĵƻ֮£Լȴ˵ӰĽ塣
󿪵Ĵ棬¸¹ȵƻͨ΢΢紵˷룬ƻµӰڵϲͣζĽʱֻǿԼӰ
ԼڴĽӰ֮£ݷʮ꣬񡱳ư뽭֮ʣûһ˿һԽȵصһɽׯĶׯ͵̶ȻȲԼĽɣһΪһɽׯֻĽĽֵܶˣĽ֪
Ȼû֪Ľʵʵѵֵĵȼ
һֱڵȣһһɳĻᣬһԽĽĻᣬϲȨƣͬʱҲ֪ҪȡµһȨƣͱҪСµһ书
ϵĿһ㲻ĽҪ١ֻƺԼһ;ıȲԼֳҲǷȱôһ˵
ȻԼȱ˵ǱԼ˵
ȻǸصĽΪĽĶܣȻҲǶԷõĹߡ
Ľȱڵһߡ
л浵ʵǻõѡǸΪ˼ǿĽ֮ĹϵĽΪ˵õǸֺ֧Ͱ
ǸĽ˲켺ı׵ҲĽ˶Կڵħŵһ
õúܡ
Ϊ˰ĽϾû˸ҵĽ塣Ľ岢ӵܣԽ˸ߵݣƽ·Խǵ͵һõ׵ֵĴӳޣΪӮˡоӡ
ĽܶýƶΪ
𡱽þĻʩݣ絽ֵľֶ֡ͬΣʮ䣬ܴһڽԵİס
Ϊʮǰ֪жݵƽֻΪһεĴһѡ
ħŵĸˣסļƻУԼֳħһսпܾ˵³ʱͻȡֳڰ׵еĵλ׵һٻħʵΪȨ֮ˡ
Ҳ֪ħȻĽĸ֣ΣԼֳ˫ս֮ܣԡһɽׯǼĴ
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ۿĽһ;û»ļ󡭡鳯Ľ뿴Ľ߽
ʱĽЩˡ
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ĸ֣ÿԼĽĽױΣ
һս÷ºܸգͬʱĽҲñΪóԼֳѾ˲޷ơһ⺮վݡԶûеĿ÷ºŶ
Ľǰ嶼ȣܹսʤƵУ
ԣˡ
Ľ̫ңԼļƻ׼
Ͻɽһսٽֿ־ԽԽǿңȱԼѾˡһɽׯĿȨΪ˸ԼƣҲڵһʱսڶʮλġȭڻսҹҵԷȭеһ˿һȡʤΪԼ춨˻
ڣҲͨԼŬõ°׵ֵľأݵõ˳а˵Ĵ֧֡
һºϽɽĽҰܸƵеĻǶԼĴȻľ޴󡭡
Լ׸ôأ
Ҳʱñ˴ֳսˡ
Ǻڵ뢣ҲµʦǸѡأ
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Ľһ˿׾Ĳͣɫһ䣬Ŷڳˣģ
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֣Ľŭ𣬺ȥʲôѵȥȺ棿ǸǸԡǲ֪ߵغ񣡡
𡱽ٺһЦ̲סׯ˰ɣǸЩʱյıҲˣµĸָ޷ԿħţҪǣǲؿǵɫ˰ɣ
Ľ˵ͷˣձֻڰ׵еĺ㲻ǿԱġȻʵ󽵣޷Կħţǵȴ׳ȫǣҲ׻ҡ
Ľ建ߵǰ૵׵䣬ҲʱһˡһǲŴϱȨĳͻƸ󡢴¡š̫׽ɽȫ׵ҡ
𡱽һ׵ңǸħź᣿
ĽЦЦģͻǲᱻģֻҪʧﵽ׵޷ܵĳ̶ȣѾ״̬ġʮԪϻᡯͻɼ²ҷġ֮ǴΡԽƽϢþͻԽ졣
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Ҷ׼޵ʱ򣬷ԶɽٴãͬʱģȻСھ֡ʢүӡ
Ľ´ǰǶڵ飬ƺԵЩᣬҶǸԸΪ߲嵶ĸԣȻԷڼȻὫ˾֮⡣
ʢүӣͷλҹǰʲôҪ֣ҶЩ˼ϾӦԷҪȫ£һʱ䣬Լȷʵûùġ
ʢүӺͷԶɽһۣʢүӿһԶɽ̾ϢһһΣҸʢҶֵܰæġ
ʲôæҶЩ֡
֪Ҷֵһʱ˼£ǵҲͲͷҶֵܷģǡһʵޡ
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Ҷɫأ
ھڽϳ
Ҷһ㶣ԷôôԵ
һԵʢȴǰ̾һֹԵԷָյؽ£ΪʶɣͿ޷졭ǣǡ
֪ˡҶ˰֣Էǽͷ鷳ġֻƱ
ġȷѺڵƱ١
Ҷüͷøˡ
ѵڣʼǶɶô


089 
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ʵλĽѰ֮ˣ֪˵˭
Զɽ
Ҷüͷ壬˼Ѿ䣬ȻԴ˺˽⡣
ԶɽһԵʢʢү̾˿ּ꣬ʮǰķʢ˵˻ϷǹʾɣֻϧΪһֹԹ𡣡
ҶʵΪ£
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Ҷҡҡͷʾ֪
ʱͻȻһ֪֪ǲʮǰݡɱ˽ٲľ޵ôʦۼ£˵Ҫо
Ҷĺ˼˼͵ģ
֨ѽһű˿Դ޴ͷаں󣬶˻˽
а뷽Զɽʢ˼֮ʱԴȴɵԾϣαϣŶȣЦǲһҸʦֻǽٸżƶǾɱ˵ġһɱˣһţɺ޵ɻһѻոɾҿտеİ࣡
ҶȻ򣬶ʢͷС˵ļǡ˵ʥǱ֮ˣҲɵġ
Դ޵ػεŶȣҶһۣΪʦ͵˼Ҳƣ͵󲿷ҲǽѵЩΪʵġ
ǣǡԴ޺ٺЦʦҪǿء
ǸTMDȱ£
ԶɽʢɫҶһ͵ʥǰԿ̽ΪıضǶ˴еĹĹ
˼Դ޳Ҷ̴Ĵָ
Ҷдʥǰôѡôͽܰʦ룬ˣ
˵ءҶת⡣
áʢꡮִңϷҲ׷ˣݼֳ֣һشˡ͵͵˻㣬һ·׷ļС
ˣԴ޺ʵ
ǵģĶӡʢ̾ϢܵʱӼϣϲ鵽Ļ֤ݣ˵ӻɱӴ˳֡
ԶɽǸ׵Ľú
ҶԴ޶һۣȴ⡣
ףҲпɱڡ
пݺԷݺԼĶӡ
Ǿ
һΣϵвҪ֣
ֻǸǣͷġԶɽҪķˣѣ۵ľˣ츮׸󣬻ǧӷ踮ȭĺҡ֮ۡһĺ־ۡ
ҶһɵЦôϵƺôҵҲˣߺߣ־۲ô˽⣬确ȴǽ֡Ǹ׸󡭡ʲô·
ʢһԽ͵̡̡̣졢ɶ֮ڳļԺͶķĲҵۼƸʵһ㲻Ȱ˴еϹòֻΪĳһ򲻱Ʒ𣬲Ǹҹ黯ҵĺҴΪ׽Ȣ˺ҵסӢ۵СŮⳡλĽȻǶ߸ӽܣȨƸ󡣡
ԭˡҶ˵ͷ
Ա߷ԶɽǵЩֻĹʽѣ˵εΪǣشŵƶͷɽĺӳŻɵݺΪ
ţñӿ۵ĲСԴЦЩ˵ȷǺһģźɽ˶иֵǷͻ˵Ƕȡݵȫʧˡ
ص㲻Ҷ˵
ŶҶʲô˼
صʲôǣҲףŶƽϢ˴˴¼պᱻ˰㣬ֻҪɹһΣǾͱȻǴɡ
ʢʣȻվ˳ѵ֮˾ɣȻһ׽鷳
ӦòҶȻһЦ򶨴ֻǰΪԲ֪Ѻ˵ڻʲôҲѹ֣ġͼǿ䡮챦ܵıԭȻԽ֪Խáʶڼڵʱ򽫡ͼƬߣ˭õ֪
ǲһ˵һ롣ǽٵˡͼƬ֮󣬻ôҶʡ
Դ޺˼شȻǸϿ伣˷֡
˲ɵõ˵ͷ
ҶͬȷˡѾȫʤ˵Ⱥ˾ӦϢˣΪֹšͼƬԽԶԽã˵֪˭õ鱦ġ
Ȼˡ
˴ʱĶȻǳǵ鷳˵ʲô
ǰˣа
ûҶŵҸ˵Էļǿر
ˣǱֲ뱩¶ͼƬУǻô
аһһصΪ֡͵͵ƱԷó棬ֻҪֽ˵ƱͿˡ
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ˡ
ʢͷԶɽ۾һͬʱͬ
Ҷžش˸ָǿԿ϶˲ǵпԭҵǺңǺҳСӡƶϣȻƱ֪ȥ˵ʲôֻ֪Ȩ󣬹¶ˡ
ʢɻҶСѣô˵˵һʮˣҶ֪˭ôأ
ҶһָǵˣڲôһϷ֮󣬻᲻֮زز
ȻᡣԴЦһԵֳȥ󣬷û֪ҵݺϵĶ
ãǵһ㡣ݺǵˣһᵽ
ڶҶڶָʵ֣СˣǧټƵõıδã
ȻȻǶɵԸ񣬲κˣֻԼаؿڣˣôһã뿪Լ粽
ûǵڶ㡪ǵĵˣһЯõġͼƬ
Զɽ૵˻ֳǳֻЯʧԵڻǸô죿ôҳˣ
ҶٺһЦܺýڴ֮ǰһ٣ͻȻͳһǮȵ˭Ǯˣ
ʶģ˶ǼԼǮλá
Ҷ৵ؽǮ˻ȥЦ˼ҵǮˣ
Щ㶵ĿҶֻԴһԴĴָ޵˵ʶӦвѵ롭


090 ޺
Ҷ˵ͷȻ˷֣ͼƬУȻ鿴ʶӦֻҪʱע۲Ϳˡ
ͼƬͬСɣô˴һĵزʢʵ
ȻͬƷˣҶһصԷеǡͼƬȻǲƬǿɾǲֹһƬˡ
˵۾ٿȻ
Ҷһڡ챦ıǸ֮˱Ȼ԰ȣٲûѰ
Դ޺ٺЦˡôǽͷһڳʿʲôķӦɡ
ʢЦϷ򼸺ȲҪȺ˵ˡ
ǻʲôҶЦǼɡ

Էİڵڶһ˹֮ȴһΪλء
ιλʮŮ֮һôûԴһŵˣ̲סڻ˵
Ϊֽѵһλӵܣ˵㣬ڼйؽգˣǰȥ̽һ¡ȻˣֻҪСһõĶ롭ٺ٣ǲСıУǻӾŶ
ڳɫ࣬ΨԴ޸ûһЦصǸãȥá

ԴСһ̣ȳ˳ȥ
ҶаһۣаԵͷǻ飬һȥ̽̽ʲôԾҲǰ֪ͨҡ
غ彫ϣһ֣ӱקһѱҲʵʵıֱӵݸҶĶԭ
ҶһЦӹȻһξ֮Ҷĳûüлû뵽һ⾰
֮ǰ嶼£Ҷˣ׿֣֮ɾҶһ£šǱϢһ٣ʱϵ彣佣ҲʧԭȻǱߵġ
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䡱ϼȰ˰ѱǿͭĴԣѾ鼰岻֪ܲȻ֪ȴҲûнΪУϽɸţʵǲ
Ҷмص˵ͷлִ塭
ˡؽӵΪĳھЩǳ˼ưһͷѾҼ̼ǺģɽΪľǸָУҶֿҪעˣҪֵ֣ǲᱳѼŵġ
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Ҫռݣźɽ˶ǱҪ£Ķ󣬶֮ĶԹͱҪ
ӡưţݺĪҰ룬ߵҶ˻ͷڴѾˡ
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лλѡҶĳǰݻᡭ

ۻĵص㣬ǿṩھϴħսǶ¥Զĵط
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·εĽͷӭʮӭ˼һĺӺƶ֮⣬ϱ۵ľҲֱƮգȻ˼ֳ֮
ƶ˳ʮĸ֣ڽϱݼߣͬһĸ֣ɽĺ˽ƣȻѾ겻£ȻһλǱԸԼȻеԭίΪԼشӡưǳ鷳
Ҷƶӡ󣬴ԶʵʣǰϰַնɱħŸֵʱ򣬻Ҷ˲ĥӡ
ͷŰӲͿķʽͷŰȴ˶޿ɶ㣬޿ɲأǳ
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еһλİ֣һ̵Ĵ磬۶ڱǶ뼷ۣűЦеϸۺâҫԳԷһ޵ľ֣ͬʱ͸һֺζȴްֻĸо
һǸʮ׳ƤֺڣӲݹӣʵԺڲڸǣֻʣһֻۣһǿặԵȡ
ƶ⣬书ߣֱ龳֮С
ҶҲ³ɫ߱νġ̴ıȻ׸һλͬȴһֻ۵ĸ֣ȻǺ˵ظˡ۵񡱺־ۡ
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Ǻ־ֱӴȻƶҪһìܣҲܲӣֻ־ȻԸˣȴ֪ʢͷԶɽǶˣԸͬļලأ
ʢõ˵Ȼˡƶͺǰ·
һ·ߣʢܣȻͬҶǰ㣬ӷֱǺ־ۡãǳͺ־ĸ֣򽣸档
Ҷ֮ǰ򽣸ʦãȻ
ȻҶ򽣸֮ЩԵλŵ䵭飬ܷӶãҲǺ˵ˡ
һ·ճƣƺ뾡¡
δã˱㱻ƶһµ֮ڣĹأֱȵ嶼ʹ̫ĴСˡ
Ȼƶ˵ѲһЩϯвʿϣһ˵ʮλַֺ׷վӭӡ
Ҷ۾һɨͿЩ˾Լʶµƴʦͭͯȴ󵱼ҵȵȾʶǶԴԼ˻ǿ;أʣôλҶͶЩ׺ݺͳˡ


091 ޺û
˫Ҷƴʦ˵ͷʾ⡣
ȳϣ˫ģǻöԷΡ
׼ϯҶͻȻʶһתӭЦǺǵؿҶͷǰǸȻҶСְ֣ϾǶʽϵҲò棬ҶСѷģҶȻȰּ䣬С»˵ġ
Ϻ꣡
ҶҲǺٺһЦ˵˵ٺ٣ƿȬСȰһ䣬ҪжʧٳԴδ
ɫȻһ䣬ۿ䴦죬ֻת˲֮䣬Ц棬ƶлѹˡ
һףת֮ɱⰻȻ
Ҷûдݣ뿴ħŵ«ﵽʲôҩ

ҶֿԶһߺߣĪħλôһĳƺţ
ٿǹᱱҵĺңұʵħ໪۾Ƶıͥ
һƺȻҡ
ǰ־磬ʵħŵķѡ
ֻҶеЩ죬ԼħŵĳͻѾ˲ɵ͵ĳ̶ȣΪʲôħŲֱӲȡֱӱֶΰɱҪЩ˵
֮ǰıҽȣҶеƺħŵıжЩͷԣ˵ֶΡ
ԣԷħŵˣǡ
໪۾ħ۷ͥˣ
Ҷɵþһ̲ס̧ͷ˶һۣﲻϣʶ˴ͬʱ̧ۿ˹
˺Цͷ˫Ŀڰн汬һ𻨣ܵԷǿĵۺҶʾػرĿ⣬¶һ˿мЦ
תͷҶҲǰЦһͬʱףֻԼĲ²ġ
ħѣ˵һϲѶ
Ҷ̲סǵЦٴηŴ䲻ԱߴһˬʵЦҶ뵽ʲô˸ˣβ˵˧ĳҲϲһϲأ
ĿӴ˧췲棬һȺȺȣǸͦȳƵͣӢݵòһʱ˵βȺ硣κ˶Ŀ⣬ԼĽЦݡԲκεĶ⣬ƺκ˶ԳΪѣҲῴκˡ
Ҷȴ֪棬һԶ˱һβԽġ
ɷϣ쵰Щòŵں֮γ׿Ķʡ
߸˧˿
ҶȻһЦѵ˧ҲˣôƺõĲˣ
˧췲һ̯֣ת˸ȦЦЩСˣɴ󰭡˧ĳһѵҶֵ鷳ΪҶе£ܲոأȱһԴǸȻѽѽǸǸһʱֱڿ죬ﻰ˵ˡ
ҶˬһЦ˧ֹȻֱˣղ£Ȼĺãܱ˽Щı˾òʹ졣һЦչղ˧Цʲôʵɣ٣˵ڡ
˧췲Ҳѹɤ˼Ͳ˵ˡ
±ܲߣ˧һҪ֪Ҷǰ벽ߵǼѩɡˡ
˧췲Цıʱס
ҶЦ˺ЦԶ÷ѩٴڱɴµĽ̲סüЦʵǷᣬܾǸԼʲôϵ
˧췲һų˲
ʱһֱԱߵĹ˵ϺǣϻгҪˣУСվ򣬻ǶĻ
˧췲ЦǺǵתͷ˹һۣĿ¶ǹͷһ£ͻȻһЦλֵǡ
µĸɶӡҶ˵˧һҲǸֱڿ֮ˡ
һɶӣ
˧췲Цݸһ˼˵ֱڿĶôռұˣ
һűǿףһ˵ôүүû֮񱣡
Ҷŭһס죬ûò˧ֵǸ
˧ϵܼ£ĳֱڿ죬ˡֱһף˸ŵ
˼ҵĸɶӹԼϵܣҸҶʲô֣ⲻռԼô
СӵĶʽ
˧췲Ȼ˰οԼҲһͷһЦ޷һ֣ҶȻˣҶֱأ˧ĳˡ
˧㣡Ҷʹ죬֪һԼЦ
˧ϵ߰ĻĵģϵܿɱȥŴɤں߻֣˧췲ֱתɱ
˧췲ԶȥϯЦǺǵ߹϶ɵƯ
ҶЦŵͷһ
صϯҶͻȻ÷ѩֱضԼ뵽ղŴ˧췲ôʣʱһ顣
ղ˵ʲôˣ÷ѩذ
ҶһǼҵ£˵ͷ㡭
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ҶոԱԴЦشչҶӣйûҿ˸ȫ㡭
죡Ҷæֹŭ˵ֵܶ
Դ޸¸¹ЦҪ˵䲻аͻȻڵˣ
˶һٿȻ
԰ôû뵽
ҶͻȻһ亹̫˧췲ˣֻһ̰ɫ֮ͽȴҲпǸݺԼˡ
ֻǶԷеݣʵ̫ߵˣЩյĸоȴ˺˵Ŀԡ
ˣ̫ˡ
ﻹһʱú˵а
ôԴʵ
ųĿܡҶ书ĳһС
ڣԶɽ
ڡҶ϶ص
һ侲֮С
Ҷ£ԸӣͿˣ˲Ҫ⿴ⱻԷ
˶ǽȻøַʽʢһдĵŶ˹֣ԷһʢɫΣһץסѱģֵ쾡£Ҷ̲ס˾䣬Ա
֮󣬶ĺƶ֮λͬˣʵΪһ£ίСھ֡ʢүӱһڣұ˽ڣʧأԭսأɡھ֡ʧΪ̫󣬹ʴ˳ìܡҵڴˣרΪ¶ЭһڲѣΪЦ˴£ºƶֹ֪ڳȺ飿ƽʫԣ˲䴫ȫԳӲڹ


092 
ֳһƬĬɽŵȨ棬˵ݣȫʲô˸أ
˫Ŀɨȫ¶Ծ¶һ˿֮ɫ
зɽĺƽ̺ƶ棬Ĺܹˣ
Ӻ͸ϵƶԷͷʾ⡣
ԱߵԴͳ
ڹտʱ˸Уתͷһۣе֮ɫơ
Դ޲ʾص˻ȥȴһŤͷԴ϶һǺӸ㾾ɾ
ʱӼ˵£ǿֱް
ãֱŭߵҶˣȵλͬϸ֮ǰίкѴѰҵһרбӡھ֡ڣǲ·٣ĳʧأսأھ֡⳥ʢ϶֪߳ܣڱܾ⳥ӽ
Ⱥҽɢ˻ǽͷӶƿڴ֮Ҷ˶ǳ˵⣬ʢǳ˲м
ʢɫ࣬ҪȴҶѹס򣬰ʾż
ѹѹֹȺĽһŭеһֻ˵ʢˣôһñӿȥٺãҲĽ֡
ƿȫȷһףаЪŵĳܾ裬ίʵݺúʶڴͬΪĳֹ
ã˵úã⹫һ
TMDĹӣȻװ⣬Ū


һɿܶʱ˶Ҷ˳ӵĿ⡣
˵֮󣬺տҶˣĿʢϣʵʢͷ֪ԣģ
ʢһڻ٣ȷʵˣ
ˣϵȻ˴£Ǳ˵档أʧ֮ھ⳥㻹ʲô˵ģ
Ҷزڵ˭TMD˵ˣ
۾һУŶ⣿
ʢʱվ˵رˣʢĳ߽ʮ꣬㳣ʶûУֻҪֱʢĳҹҲ㣡
ƨŭԶԶָʢӴȵĳĶⲻֻҪòӡλ֪ͬĳЩĵرҪԣǶĳ˸ǹغӣиƨãҿµĹƣԼһƣϷıûˡ
䡪
ֳʱҿ˹ˡ
ָ˫ìܵ޷ˡ
ʢһͨ죬ԱߵͽܡƱ۸ŭɶվҪƿڴȴҶָһӽ飬λ
ǲ֪ʧǺα˵Ҷɤǹ֮ǿԤϣĿк֮ɫһҶߺߣֻǺѾ֪˰ɣαػϷ򣿡
ҶЦһ˵˵Ǻµȷ֪֪ɣ
ô֪ڻ֮˵ô˵ΥھֵĹأ˽Դ򿪹ڻ
򽣸ƽ˪߳ߣֻھֹص¶ƶῴڵֿѾȻ˰ɣ
Ѷ㲻
ɱͽϣ
ԣɱ
ɱ
£ֳյʱҡ
ʢԶɽ΢΢ɫ䣬Ҷһ淺ЦؿһС
ӷ𣡡ƴʦܶҶʻƫ˵עʵЩȥ˫ֺʮλ԰Ƿֱ벻Ҫ¶ۡ
ƴʦһڣٴʱ
˫׹㣬ƴʦݵ¸أʶŭʵʦʲô˼ԼѾϿڻѾǷִɣѵǻԩ˲ɣ
ƴʦ΢΢һЦʩĪŭ໹Ҷʩ˵һ˵ǣñ˵Ƿǲֱ֣Ļᶼ˼ңͽһֱɲͷ
㡭ĴŭֱɲĪ˵ô
Ҷվƴʦʩ񣬻лʦִԡֶŶʲôʱ˵ڻˣ
ղ׿˵֪ڻʲôǿε֪ĪĲɣ˵˴۾һָҶԣһģʱôôɣڸʱ׽Ū飡
Ⱥжʱ͡
ͬʱһϷ֤λҶʱֳҳֵáߺߣΪɺء
Ҷ۾һУ˹ȥֻ˵֮һӣתңһз죬ҶɹɺʾĻصɹʾ
֪˵λҶĳ׾ôʶҶȻʵȻԷָʱڳԼҲһڳҶӡУʱװֳȷûôһλ
û²ҪҶʱ̫ר־˰ɣǺǣݸĺ֮ʿ벻Ҷ۵ˡ
ݸ磿
ҶϤȴЩǲá
Աʢѹɤʱڳǡ̫ꡯ̷ɣλ竵׵
ҶޡһǸװ书׳յүˣ̲סЦԭ̷ɵϵǺǣʧʧҼǵõʱڳӰû̴¶氡ѵ˵׼Ҷĳ˻֣ǵҶĳôǲ֪֮ǰ˭ͻϮԶɽھֺھֵ֣µװأ
Ȼ˵ҳֵĺɺϣôǲɺأ
㡭ĺʱŭ
ž
Ϊٶһݵһ̳һƽֱߵĲ輸飬ŭҶģѵ۸ô
ҶһЦҵֳƣǵֳǻԵɺˣ˵²̫ʰɣҵʱڳֵĹӣΪʲôӳ֤أαؼʵװԼڳ
ĺɫһ䣬ŭԱ߲ԶŵһۣصȮ岻ʣܳϯ
ҶһһתͻȻʧЦʵɵĺܣǰ˵ŵѵһôɾӰɣѡôһ֤ҶĳУǲ̫ЦˣĻҲţ
ֳ˶ʱһ㶣ΪϢȷʵѾˣϾǵѡʮŮ֮һߣһֺúǹעĶ
ѵǡ̫ꡱ̷ɡǿ̫˼ˣ


093 䶯ЧӦ
TMDĺӱˣһ˼ҪպܲкǸ⣬ҶһһȭȭĺʹŭףžҪ
ֳʱң˵ɫʱͶࡣ
һԵľæһѳסĺļ򣬴ԲϲŭϢŭ
ָҶʱ򣬿ɲöԷļ仰ţתע
书߾׼סĺ
ĺɫͨ죬Ҳѷֺֻŭߺߵذݡ
λûĺӣһעʩʩȻ˵Ҷ㲻Ҫתƴעղ˵»û㵽ô֪ڻΪģ
һ仰עԭ⡣
ô֪ȻǴӽ֮˵ˡ
һ˶ס
ôʧĶʧˣ
ħ˶һԾģ
ҶЦӯӯؿŶ棬ԶԴޣֻ˲˧췲һ£󲿷˵ıֲ࣬ǵЦˡ
ǷЦһǸ󲿷һԼĻһ棬ȫп϶ԼڴţҪԼЦţĿܾϲġͼƬƷ
ż
ҶҲɵ÷һ˿Ц
Ǿϼ޻æѿڵȻҶʩѾһƷǻʲô˵Ͻǰɣ
黹ԣû⡣Ҷ˸ŵǵү˵һ˵ѺڵǺˣһĶүӵģּΪǰױ˱ˣ
ЦŭŪ飬ʲô󴦻ǿҵġǽס
ǽף
ǲǴѪϣѲ׽ôкѪ˴龳ĸԻγɹ״Ȼϣʵ־˱ضı
𰸾ҶҲɵһ㶣ԷΪݺԼһˣʲôţƤҴ
ǽĵرһֻڴ˵УһֻȸľѪǵýʿΪģοָ߼ĵرء
Ҷû˵Ĺ̲סˣŭӣ˵ǽס͡ǽסһ˵Ǵµġ߲ءţݸ壬ɵô
Ⱥ۷׷ף˱ȴһھˣίʵЩ̫ˡ
˵Ҿ֪ǻʸڷϣûϵѺʸڷϣһСΪ֤У뿴
˵䣬ͻȻӻͳһƿеһָǰСĳȻɫ壬߸߾ڿУһ˲䵴ȫǳȻɫһƿĹâһС̫Ƭͬʱ㣬ʱвɿƵĸо
ܹù龳ʵȻɵıȷСӡ
ħ˿ѪˣһСΡǽסԳƵǼֵǣԱ¶龳ֵϢ֮ǰԲԸ⳥ľٶе⡣
ֵһءǽסʵ̫Сˣù龳γɹȴ֤˶ʧһ̣ľٶʱҶ˼֮ϡ
ٱ̰ݸѾݵĿⶢҶˣ֧ǽסҶϣʣҶΪʸ֮ģﰵĶԿ֮
Ҷ۵ףȴԾزһ˿
Ϊǽءǽסֵʱڳ춯ûҶܼ򵥣ҶѾǹ龳ĸ֣ͻ쾳ʱǡ꼻İ壬ټϲʱʮơĹ֮εĿ
ǡ꼻ǡʮơĹҪʹΣǷȱλǣôһġǽסеѪһֱǱҶڵߺ϶ΪһϡʮơĹȫпγɹΣƾ
֮ǰҶʹáʮơʱҲԽ۳״ֻΣ׻ɢƲףȱԣ֮ͬǾǸװһεģӣʹ񽣡ĽҲǻȻȻش״ȥǴ
ħŵôģӿˣһҪС
Ҷ̲סĵ׵ϲžžžž
Ŀ֮£ֱһ
˶ѼȹĿ⿴һ߹ƣһҡͷҶֻ̾ǽסѪˡĺܿϧѰصƷǲ̫Զ
㣬ʲô˼ֵͷˡ
ħѪԩҶǽס˳ôΪסԷô
ҶҡͷЦµõĶĲүʧڻˡ
ǽסȻ󣬵µõĶȣֱ֮𣡡
ħЩɵۣ˧췲üͷ壬¶Ⱥı顣
Ҷѻ˵ôͲղȥô
ʱ򣬲ǹҶˣǳˣжⲻ˵ظ⡭
ţƴͷģ
ߵҶҪŪ飬˵
ҶһЦ˶Ǽһؿóʲô
˧췲۾ɵԲһ˫ֵһĺˮ
˺˼֮ҶͻȻȵ֮׻֮ǣȸ֮֮֮֮СΪΪʣ£塭
һ󲿷߶ãã֪ƺڳо֣ǵʱɴ˫ۣ˧췲¶ɵı飬һֱĿƶ͵˫ۣ䣬ԾضҶ
˵ʲô˵һ飿ƶ֮鲻״
ȸֻۣ书ﵽһ㼶пᵽеİء
Ҷǳôʱȵڻʵ챦ޣͼ
Ҷ֮ʱһСġͼƬѾС
ܣ͵վҶ˳һɫġͼƬ
Ӱνʣһɺ磬ǿƵƤ
ϣ
һ֣ƤֱںУЩƤ´˵ĺҲźӵľٶΪֹһ٣һ̧ͷ˵ģ
һ̣ͬ͹ˮ˲˵ĸй١
ǽסֻǶԹ龳ĻǡͼǶ񻰾ִΪ̺յܡ
һȽϣ˭ϵ£
˧췲һʶԼһ࡭
Դ˷ܵɤҶ𣺡ץסˣ
ʵԴѣҶѾ˶ԷʶӦ


094 Ϸ
㣬㡭
ʱң벻ԷȻóȡǽסĶ
ô죿
ҧʧƷǡǽס֮ǰĽƣȡ顶ͼƬأΪһ龳ϵĸ˵õյܣǱĸΪҪϽɸ໪۾ôõĽҲȻҪΪҶҪǿöࡣ
Ͼ໪۾УΪƵһϵҶġ
֮ҪԸҶʵħűֵռ˱ˣЩϹȥ໪۾ͬ飬Ϊħ˳ͷԻȡڸֶ֧ȡ
ǰ龰
ôһԥԱߵľȴǵϵĺܣֱӳԺȵҶͼ¹ؽô˵
ôһʣ˶һ㶣Ҷħ˫֮ҲǶʱȻ֪Ⱥ໪۾ѻѡ
ҶŪƣ־ˣⲻܷġͼƬС
ʱҶˣʶ˽ڵףк죬ηǷҪڴ˧췲ߣʱ˵һ仰ȴҶһæȵôô˵ڻ֮еƷ顶ͼƬඣΪүӲϳϣ
˸ΪͼΪҪϢɢȥ֪иýѪꡣϷΪ˽İǣȻ»С˵ġ
ŶǺǣԭˡ⡮ǽסǼСءҶɵԷһ漸˶ڨЦѣȴһ˿֮ɫ
ȻⶫǼλģǱԭˡ
Ҷһ̯֣ʾ⺫ӽ͸ˡ
šͼƬв֮ɫһţڶӢǰٲҲ޴֮£ɫȻسȥҪзŹ֮ʱҶͻȻغȵš
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Ҫʲô˵
Ҷδ˵ȴǲԵֲڳŵһ£˶պʢ˵鷳Ҷ֣˵Ŀɶԣ
ˡҶ˵ͷֵǺƽ̶
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⣬⡣ҶЦǺǵصͷ⡣
һѴӺж¡ͼƬˡ󡢺־ۡ˺һΧ˶Ҫֿȴһȥ˵
ͬʱͷתߡ
лλͬлλĳиˣպ󣬳ɶ󡯰ڿϯлλ֮
ߺȺдӡƶǣ㼱Ҵҵ뿪ˡ
ӿŶԷ˵ȥ̲סһ
߲ǡͼǡ
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һ£һתҶ򴦣ҶڣֵȫټֻʣʢͷԶɽ뼸λѯ̸ָ
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͵վֱ壬ӳлɽΪʦҪ°ȥɡ

ڵһʩ̧ͷʱȥ

Ӱڷϴ󣬶֮ڷϵȸûо˽ܵĻﱻһߣ׼ȷ໥֮䴫š
ҶӣΪʲô˧췲ĿԴʵ
˧췲ȻѾĻصõͼƬֲ뱻֪ǶȻ⡶ͼҰѶħ˵̰Ȼ˧췲־ԲŹƬ˫֮Ȼͻ֮
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˵˧췲վסˣаһȣ˼ͬһʱ£һ֮ϣԶԶؿһլԺ
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ʲôط᲻ʥ㣿Դʵ
пܡҶش֮ͻȻɫһһáæһҵĶˣӷȥֱ鳲Ӱ֮¡

ƿèӯ˸ոڵķϣƺһƮƮٴηߣǰȡ
ҶʹһɫٴηϷϸƣֻôһᣬ˷ߵӰǼһ飬ȻͬʱɻԺ֮С
Դ޲¶ͷϵĺˮ˧췲Ȼôһ֣ҪҶʶˣֻ¾ͱ˷֣˿ս֮ˡ
ʵΣаʵ
Ҷһ£ϵʵûе龳ʥʵǱô򵥡ֻЩѵصĸֻܵһΧİڣ˵һС
аͷʥںڵеӰǷǸƹķ档ҺڵʵΪʥںڵ˵λսʵֻȷǸƹǿ
Ҷͬص˵ͷ
ԴȴѵСƹͷǸǧ곬Ȼɣô򵥵ģʦ˵ƹϲǸϲˡ֧ƹʿǸĹöԸ
Ҷ̾һֹ˵زӱĵȼҲ˰
˵ʲôԴһͷˮ
û¡Ҷĵʼ硣
ʵϣ书ͽλ˽յĵزҶȦУǵ˻ԼˣѾǰģˡ
ʵҲˣʱ䣬㷢ԼߵѻǰЩˣֻ˵ôûʲôľĲϵڱãô֣ᷢԭһЩȽ̸ѿѲϵǻһ켣ڲͬˡ
ۣȺ֡Ȼ󣬶׼
ǳˡ
ԴһָҶ۾ȥֻ˧췲һȣǰһŮ֮ǰոյ֮õʮˡ
һŮ죬һǰԲĿ׳ŮǧĵĳŮ
ӣһ׳ƲβͰСӣһѸֵһ߸ݣֱ㶵ظںߣһʳ
ˣҶɵһЦ벻Ȼˡ
˲Ǳˣǵ嶼̰ͼȴҶõʥ֣𽣺;


095 ǹལ
˧췲ɫ࣬һжʮؾҪ߳Ժ䡣
ߵʱͻȻվסת͵˵˼仰̬ȾǷǳ̬䵭ͷҲأһ߼һ߲ɫԷ˵ֻ꣬תͷ˧췲һۣżҡҡͷ
˧췲һ̾Ϊתȥ
ҿͷʲôˣôţԴ̲ס̾˧췲һˣ˶óܹ˧췲ѯʣʣͷʥп϶Ͳˡ
˧췲ˣֻ书ġҶ˵
ۼ˧췲һ߳СԺҶٴؿͷһۣԷȴȻһתͷԼⷽһЦ
ҿ
ŵһ
ߣҶһͺ·תߡ

㱼ȥ룬˲һư˵Ժͣ
λߵ书֪ߵʲô̶ȣʶ֮ǿ˵
ǻ̫ˡҶ̾
аȻһֱ̫˳ˣΪһɱ֣ҾȻɱҪ飬Ǿʱ޿̶ӦԼ
ʵҲȷˣ˲ı£ǱϢ׿ĸֶȫܹһЩֵĲ
ģʽҶһͬʱһ˲Ϣʯͷڷ
һô죿Դʵ
ȻǸȥˡ
Ҷһ˧췲нķ׷ȥ

ɫƳϡ
ҶԶԶ׺˧췲˵βͣһ·ɶһССĻɽ˵ɽίʵЩǿʵǲ߲500׵Сɽ壬ЩǱɽҾһĵط
ɽǻۣΪʢ
˧췲һѭɽ·нΪϤģ⵹ҶЩɻѵ˧췲ħ᲻ɣ
ʣɽʱַһα仯
˧췲һ֣˽һһŮֺ֮⣬𽣡˸ɢӵ۵˷ȥ
˧췲ﲻϤһгֵ׼
߲߲ơ
˧췲ĵʹҪ˺ƤĴ㡣
ҶԴ޺а˸ɫָָ䵥ĺˣԴ޺аʱ򣬸һĿĸȥ
Ҷһ׼һĿ꣬׷ȥ
ҶṦǺͷɸߵ֦֮ϣһֻȸŲӺؿҶȻûоɣȸˣ·ĺˡ
ڳҶаա
ʱٽǺʱ˲ݴ֮У˳ŷ϶ӵ߸ߵΧǽƺȴһж
Ҷûʱţżһ㣬ձʥĸ֡
ɱǺʱȻ̧ͷҶĹҲֻ¶һ˿
ָ˶ԷüĴ£ԷĻһֽЧ磬ֱӱ񽣡Ľڣ
ҶסԷ壬ɵżΪؽԼʥֵ·˹צ֡ʩչ±ڵ˸ӣǵùʬǰ󲻳ӡ
ʥĸƺʮݵԣƽֻǱͨˣֻгʱŻἯÿһ֮⣬һ۾ڵ֣ȥǻѡֵһ㡣
ɫֶͳһʽ״Ľṹ͸Լã߿ԼĿȴһ㲻ԼΧ
Ҷװ֣΢ıһԼģʱһˣٺһ֣Խ˵۸ǽ˷
ѡһƸߵ£ҶԸۣʱϤϢҶûͷҲ֪а
˶û˵ֻǵͷʾ⣬ͬʱ·Ӷȥ
֮䣬ͬʱֵתԴԷͬѹɤʵأ
ͬʱһ㶣ͬʱյתͷӣ
Ĳųûȥռʲôȥˡ
ֻʱҲʵûоȥǸ쵰ȥΪʱĴǰѾ˽ŵĵز
һŮŮʿɽ󣬽һ·ֱ˧췲˧췲ʱ·ϣѾгʮʿڵϣʹ
ǶǱ˧췲ŮӲ۶ֱۣȻ󱻴ڵصġ
ǽεεòٸ־˺۶ʵߣõʲôʲôʽȫһƵУɾ䡣ҲóλŮֻЩִ磬ûҪ˵
һߵĵʿΪǣЩŮʿȻǿŮȻ۴ĵȴǼΪۡ
ҶֻɨһۣѾ֪Ⱥ˾Ǹɫϵ壬ҲħͽܡǵòȻ֮£һӵĻӡ
ʱ˧췲ɫվԭأһ󺺳ŶһȺжʮ˵ʿƾҲסҼүɣµĸҹҼүҪ
ڵʿУһ˫һۣҲڸǲס˵ŮʿŭصλʩѾԣʦ岻ʣֺܼͣαӲαͱأ
ǿһСɧӣҲү˵ȥþҼҹӡ
Ⱥʿɫʱ䣬Ůʿֳһ˿֮ɫԽƱʲôˣǻۣˣҴطˡ
Ǵ󺺻Ҫƿڴ䲻˧췲һˣ
ŵһ飬Ůʿڣ˶Ǳú
˧췲ɫδй϶ѵҪҸ˺ƤӲȥô
δ䣬һЦӵڴһɫǳۡĿͬһľ˷ƮգûӰĳʣ˼˰ӡ
λ˵ħ˷Ÿ֮⣬ɶڵĻҲڵһϣʦܾˡڵõͼƬ֮һ˵һʱ뵽оһĶԲߣֻû뵽Ȼô׷
ˣҲͷп࣬Ҳ˶Ӧ֮ߣʱ侲ǰ׵˧ʩԶƶʧԶӭ
˧췲һЦ΢㳵ʰ֪֮Ľôˣ˵˰ҶԸҶôԻͷβ˵ôתͷȥأħž˺ô
Ȼ
ҶݺݵģԭΪֻħŶԸԼ벻Ȼ˧췲ħţ˴ħųֶԸԼ
˺ǺһЦ˧ĪᣬһֻҶĵһν֣һЩѿڸһжǼѾ
ߣҿйɣ˧췲ŭΪһ顶ͼƬͱŵ޳ܵıѣֲ޷ħţûãǲŹ֣
˧췲㲻Ҫ̫֡ҲɫһЦҲһ֣˵ڻʲôĵرȴΪβ֪ǡͼƬǵɵˣ


096 භ
Ȼ˧ȶ˵ѣͲҪʱ⣬ı⡣
˧췲ĻϹǸˣˣôˣȴ£ǼСоʶģͰѡͼƬ֮壡
쳤Ц˵ʵˣװʲôʦ̰ͼеһ顶ͼƬҶСӹȻˢӣҲѪȻΪӱǵĵѣͼƬôıﶼ˳˵ҲΪǼʵǿ̸ܵвóϢ˵ġ˵ˣⶫǿʵõġ㡭ߺߣȻ֮ǡͼƬãҲӦôһ飬ϵˣһ۸
ƨʥˣ죬ħҲҪۣ˧췲һ֣ԴҪ̬ơ
ɫһ䣬˧췲Ҫ
˧췲ƶ̬ȼΪ⡶ͼ˵ʵ̫ҪˣҪӰʥϵĵλ⣬ʧ
һҲ⡶ͼڱصãΪءաصıǽ໪۾ħڲƵзͥʵ֤ǲݷ
˫Ŀ֮ɫǣԷеļ͵ĳ̶˲Ϣĸɾ˧췲߾ٵ͵߬ȭͷͬʱȣ׼
һ£ڶ¸֣ͬʱڳ׼ƣɱӦȻ𣬶һȺʿҲͬʾһסԷơ
Ϲ㲻Ҫң˧췲Ŭ
Ц˫ĿĿɲĺâȵ˧췲ЩõСôЦΪΧֶʲôôΣ
ʱһ٣顪
˷˴ͻգ˷˧췲ܵĸֶʱ˰㣬һʱء
Ŀ֮£ֻսڼҳ̶ȣֱǾս־ۣ𽣶Ժһҷݵϵ
ҶаһߣȴݴЦзһƽеһķɣͬƲްɳȥʮԶֱӵ㳡֮ϣۼλȴҴһ˷ֵȴûӯء
ܺɱ󣬳غǺһӣһ̤䱳ϣǺ˹죬ʹȴΪŰʵڿЦзҲԼ˧췲Ⱥ¶ǰ׸ҪԸǣֱ
㡪ɱ㣡˧췲ŭͬʱӻΪһӰŶԷ˹ȥ
Ǻһ˳ʣһƬâ䣬˧췲ͬʱ˵Ц˧Ӽˣ붯֣ѵΪƶǰ費ɣ
âޱȷ֮סԲɵķΧ˧췲ðȻУȻ̼ᱻЩר˻âѡ
ƣ˧췲Ȼ޾壬ٶȲֱ峣
ɫһɱ㣬ȻԼͲҪ飡
˧췲ϳâ֮еʱ򡭡
𡪡
˧췲Ҳǿ󺺿һȻһȭջ۵ȭһǣ˲Խ˧췲â֮Уȭתâпһ˧췲˳ٿȻ˹ȥֱ˳
ͬʱ˶һȣʥʤ̡ǽУ
̡͡ǽͬʱһͬʱȭ
Ȼ־Ŀȭʥ̹Ȼͬһ㡣
˲Ҵ⣬Сǽһӭһȭ֮ϣһȻб˰벽һƫתĳȭƫתӷ˰ա
޵ӭǿѾ˶ߺЦУӭϷ
ͬʱһġ̡Ҳ˧췲֡
˧췲һŮ£ʱҲڶ˶Ⱥʿ
ԭս׵ŮӸոֶʿĲӣӭһλĵã֮㶷˸൱
ʥŮˣ̲סǺһЦ򽣸ɹôɴסأѵΪǲ֪Ƕ֮ĳ£
ˣ˺죡ݵ߳ŭ¸Ӳ棬ֱԷҪ
벻ǸòȻãȻǷһġ̡ͷϻ˾̾

һʱң˫սչʳһ㡣
ڷϵҶаڸʲôأ
ʱĶˣͬһ˫սĵϡ
ԭڷϵҶа˿Ц﹥֮ǰѾ·֮иֿٽӽʵȻΪǿ
акʱҪַͻϮһ¶ԷȴԱҶһѰסᶨҡҡͷ
ҪǱ
аҶ˼ʱɫװûз˽ӽ
ž˿Цʾ⹥ʼ·һȻƥ˲佫͵ϮģҲǡ̡
ҶԷһƺ壬ղ塿ͬ͡ʱãӲصס˶ԷһƣΪװһЩáǹıṹȥһ˻Ĺ֫Ť˵䵽˵ϣǱϢڸסǾԲ鿴͸ûзֱ
а볣Уⲻ֧²ڽ£˧췲
ʱҶȻáĦڭ޹֪ΧһУаҲƾɱֵıܣڵأһʱƣһߵȴֵĻᡣ
˶ɱۺ죬ȻûעԼĽ£Ȼ֣ȴʱһɱ

׽ɱѹסλôáȭĴ󺺣ԶȴʥŮѹȵòˣֲֲ٣ڶϵһ֮ȴֿ֮ȡϷ硭
ֳս˧췲볣֮䡣
˧췲书׿׿Ȼľ֣ܹҶһ·˧췲ٻǴơ
ӭĳˣ߰˲֮󣬱˫ľ룬ٿȻֹͣӭ˧췲
Ṧ˵ͣͣʱɽڹ㳡ֵɵԳأȻܸһɵĸоɴ˿ɼʵѴǷ켫ľ硣
ʱ˫Ŀһ˲գص˧췲Ц˧ϵܣṦô
ͻȻչֳľṦȷ˧췲ЩֲԼ书ģЦһʤɲǱ˭ṦߣСˣΰͷ
৵չͬһӳһֱʺʽƫƫдÿ
Ǹ˧췲´𣬲ò˵Ϊ书ȷ֮ܡ


097 ֮
ЦеؿŶԷâϮϮǰһɲǣӿèһŤܿâ̤沽Ȱ˧췲λҪ֮ʱͻȻһͦñֱ֮󣬶ʱ˧췲ѭĳһǶȻһ˿Σ֮ʱȵķؾ볣ķʾľ롣
Ĳ⾪һȥЦݣＥ˧ϵܣӺС椻ЩôԸ£ȥģǣδЩд˰ɣ
˧췲֪Цصü̼ԼʧȥǣȡȻЦǲãɱʢһһţ͵һŵ򳣸ϥǣͬʱȻȣԱ˿֯죬ηȹ꺮ĥʮ귽ɣԴġҶƮ֦СУǷдŴ᳣зȨ
ЦʢɱʢͬʱҲǸΪ衣
Ҫ֪ȻȥΪʵṦΪ¿๦ΪĹΪľǸ˳䲻ĴƾĲͻʩУȱΪŵ㣬¶ԷԿ졣
˧췲һʼʹ񹥣ʮеĹ⾰նб仯ʱɽΪҡ첽ӵ£Լңʮ˲𡿵ַĿ֮ھͰ˧췲졣
֪˧췲Ȼ˸֮㶴ϤȻļΪļΪʱóļƲ޷ʵʩȷַȴǰڹת˲б㻯Ϊأ֮ǿƣ·вȣһعص
а
Ȼ·磬ֻһʱռűˣһݣǲ֣ɱ˴ˣԻᱻӻܣС
˫һչ޴Ҷһɫɢֵס˧췲Ĺ俴⣬ȫ޷ʵȴǲ¶˿иɻԲӦĴʦ硣
˧췲дһЦ¶ˣġңʮ˲Ȼиı似ڸԼĹַħŵġڤϣվǲһħʮڡ¿˵
ӷ⣬ŭ˧췲Ȼմӵݣ˵ء
ޣ˭˭ֵ¼£
˵䣬˧췲ζȻҲſȸպúɨ
ƽƽһУ˧췲ʹһ¡ǾᣬȴǾأǧصһ㻺ȶĺɨ
״ȥЦݣĿתĶŶֹѱһȣֱȽ壬εʱȭ

ٿȻ£رᣬȱƮĵ־޴Ҷһ֮ϡеĵطƸȥҲҶҶλá
ƺһԷȱϣ޴Ҷʱʧָԭ״Ȼ壬ΪצѸ׵ץȥ
˧췲һЦٴδ򿪣һԵֱ򳣸Էԭʽ䣬ȻԵСħʮȷ˵ãʯɲǣץΪģػ֮ϡ
飡

˧췲һΣȴһƮɣֵľ롣
˧췲ʰȣҡȣ̬ɫ԰ף˿Цݣ˫ĿȻ֮ɫ˧ϵܹȻмá
˧췲еĵӣ֪ˣ˵ӦͷȴҪүԼ֣㻹ʲôϷ
˧췲һ䡰ӡһ䡰ͨ죬Ȼ֪Լܲ˧췲Ķ֣Ҹ˶Ƕѽѷ֣Լһֻ֮ҧӲͷƤٴι
ҡ֮£ưǰ㵹˧췲ǰĳ
˫֣±󣬳ƬƬѣһ־޴ҶϷȥڰӭͷѹµһеţ䣬˧췲Ƶ÷˳ȥ
󱻶Էɱú䤱ҲæһշֵһÿɽκĿɿڴٶȣѸ䵽㳡֮ϣת˲䣬ɫһףۡ³һѪԭñֽ԰ס
˧췲غ󣬽żһأٴѸɱЦӼˣ
Ⱥ£ǰδ㡣һʱ侢գһǶĶ
صʱ̣׿ͷʹԼҾı죬ֻȭ򵶣צƣչһµַɨҶӭ˧췲Ĺ޳غľȷǧ򻯣ַֻħʮʢ
˧췲ĵŭħŵĳΪ֮ǰħʹɱ֣ɱԼ£һ˼Ҫȫ֣ɱһħöԷ֪֪Լʶ֮ڣխΧƶʱһееʱ̡
ȫ󰤴֮£Ŷ޵ħ湦ţϷ½أǡôĵסɽƷÿһ£㲻غ˰벽ʱıǽ
ʱٿһ
ʧƳУͬʱɳһţ˧췲
˧췲Цɣ
ſ¸ķʽţ۷һȭ
䣡

˫ƶ˧췲ȭֻ鵴Ľвʱ˧췲ͷһС
ʱ󺧣첽չҪˣ䲻˧췲ȭʱʵҺһӷɳɿ⡭
˧췲಻ܣףסƴ湦
һ߳汯Լ屻ʥŮаȭڿգнס˵
˧췲һһ˱ѹƵĿʤ˻ɱԷĴ㣬Ŀѵɱ˧췲
ʱ򡪡
¡һԶڴһ죬ʱŨ̹һ˴Ӱٴݶɱ
˻δκãŭУ׷ѬǵӣȴڲزסĿŭ
ү˿ܣ
˸ߺһֱӶһ£˧췲С
ʲʲô
˧췲Щɵɵؿﱻһŵİ˵
Լ¾ȻţȻͻ͵˳
һɿϲͷ
үߣǵֵʱԼ֪ʲôʱֳһˣȻСΪĵصǰĵվȵײԼ
˧췲һѽԷסСӣ˧췲֮գȻڵϵˣ
һ䣬תܣ


098 ж
˧졪˷ζըˣһŭ׷ȥ·ĺˣֱһȷ˳ȥ
־ۣҲǷ˸׷ɱͽֵĶ󣬾ֱ˧췲׷ȥ
Ϊ֪Ҳţ˧췲԰ӣõԲߣҲκˣĶһϡ
ɱȥ˧췲ڻͷ֮ʣҲղλĵٴαһɨɣƨҲһתЩ£صⲻ˻ᱻ﹥ʹǸǴȵˣ
˧췲еģûдʲôֵǸҶס֮ĻһʱΪɢһɢӡ
ˡ־ˣֱ׷Ǿϵʦܣָӹеʿƺ

ʮ⣬֮С
ҶŤŤӣ貨죬߶Ȼȭࡣ
Ҷһ˴ϵһֹTMDӳƤˣػصĲ˺ü£ҪӹǹӲɢˡ
ԶԴһЦؿеġǽס¹⿴˿ЦһΣֵܿǴհ
ҶȻһЦҲͬΪ⡣
̫ˣԴ޳͵˱ġͼƬС顰ǽסҲ˳˻
ֹˣԼƾŴԴѧֿտ֮ӲǴ˧췲ĻҲ͵һġͼƬ
϶ǿ飬ԼǰԼеĲƬҶѾõ˲Ƭġͼֻ˲ķ֮һ
ҶԴȻ󣬲һԵаȴɫأ̫ɣɵóԵΪʲô˧췲
ԵʱҶĻᣬа֣мˣֱӸɵ˧췲ҶûôȻûа֣жЩ
ҶЦŵ˱ˣתѵȤô
ûȤаֱӵУõĵˣ鷳ϵĵˣ˵ĵˡ
ǸʵߣȻȷ˶ԷжԵݣһôΣգȻõİ취ֱӸɵ
˵ĺܶԣлᣬһɵ˧췲зĻᡣҶ̾˿͵ҲҪȵлġʱȻɱûСպʥ뽭ǵʱڳ˶ѣǸϣǵİȫûбϣҲôҵðա
лл룬ǻǲӦ÷Żɽ
аĹִĽһȥ޻ء
Դ޲廰ˣӣ㿴ǿɶǻŵģʲôáֻҪǻţʱඣ
ϣǷźãаԹһ䣬űԼı۾
Դ޺Ҷεػһۣʼ
а˵ûдûһץסߵߴ磬Ǽпܻᱻҧһڵġ
Ҷ˶ûзаΪһɱ֣׼ģûԼĵˣɵԼǰ
ԣʱĿ˵Աʾ
ǽô죿Դʵ
ҶͷһЦȻȥռˣһ˵ʱˡ

ڣ巢Өͬ¹İ׹⣬ࡣࡢ࣬ɫͷתֱĲͬϵ
񽣷ֱǡ̫𽣡̫ľ̫׽̫Һ̫͡ҳɳɵϵֱ֧ǡ񡱡ľ񡱡񡱡̺񡱺͡ʯ񡱡
ƾ޴ġͨ赡Ƭչֳ߹̫Ԫ񹦡汾һֱдﵽ龳Ĺܡ򷨡
ʱķľ
鱾ǧѵһѧţں쾳֮ʱȻķѰʱ䣬ͨȫʹľͳ̶ȳ˵
ľһɺԵĺֻҪϵˮҲܺϰز
һϣҶҲⲻϡ֮£ҶһƬȻ󣬵ԡڤ񹦡ȡ˵ȴʱǿйˮ̰ӵһ졣
鲻ͬĵǴ󺣣ٶĺˮȥҲ鷢ҲǳΪܹٶ˾̾ԭ
ͨ赡챦֮һˡ̫Ԫ񹦡֮⣬ģǡ򷨡Ĺˡ
һֱо򷨡ĹΪƾԣƺҵĳȥҲܲ͸ͨ赡Ϲڡաİˡ
֮֮֮ԡʼеһһһΪ޼һΪΪţŻнľˮԡ⵹ɽ˴ʦü˵ġԪ޼ݻС֮أν˷أط죬취ȻţŽӶﵽ޼ٽӽڵ֪ѣǴ˷Уǡͨ赡ϡաˡҾʹ˿ƺɽü˵书ʦ˵ѧĶӡ֤֮ϲĻѧԴڡͨ赡ˡ
һϸϸζͨ赡ϵѧһ߻̾Ϣ
챦ͨ赡Ѿ֣¼Ķ㹻רһ֮ãֻҪͨеܣȫաաİء
ܹá챦ƽŵģҲֻӵС߲ĴºӵСͨ赡ɽˡ
ɽ¥
֪´併ֻܿһʱ䣬ȥŬȡʵΪɶӮһĻᡣ
ɫڳͷתӳɫͷףΪѤ
ʱ黺չɫ˳򣬴ͷٻѨڣ֮䡣
ˣ۾δῪʵ
ͽʦҶǰ
ɡΪʦ£ĿȱʯҪ˫ۣЦݿԼСͽܡ
мʦ棬ͽգЩħ֮֡
ҶؽͼƬ˳ǰ۾Ҳ龳᲻ݵֻĸȤʵͨ赡Ѿ㹻һȥоˣ㻹к壿
ҶͽҲԣԵɺ֮²ŵõЩͽֻţֻҪЩħֲ֮źá
˵ͷҿ԰տȻҪͼħ֣֮Ҳ֪ͨľܣСͼƬҲСһڰ帴ڵͬʱҲתħſܶǵļӺ
ʦԼǣͽհ졣ҶźٺһЦʦͽ֮⣬мʦæ


099 ֮
˵޷鵭Ц
Ҷӻͳһ鱻£򿪡һط·׽ǵĽɫ˳ǰ
ǽףüͷһϧôСĶкãޣǺǡ
鿴ҶȻЦǸ˱ˣһЩǿȣǸ㣬ȴ԰ΣΪ龳ǿߣ˳һʱ
ʦȫҶ
Ȼ΢ЦͷȻ²˳٣ھͿʼɡ
Ҷæϥڵأ˹
δʱڵһͷٻѨӿڵġ꼻֮ѳ⣬һŲʱ۳ΣʱֻΪ̣仯ˣȴ޷γ͡
ʱλҶĳ飬Ժһ£ɫΧͷתָһ㣬ǰǽءǽס鿪ڳһžѪƯǰ
һ̫Ԫ񹦡ɵ֮žѪΧƾѪѡתͣԭӨ׵ɫ䲻ʱת

ۡ
˧췲Ĵ˺־һƣֱһѪѪбһߣֱԱҪֵСһţͬʱָ˵һߣһոյֵĺ־۱˧췲һɨβ࣬Ѫغ˳ȥ
ͷܿѪͬʱһһȭһס˧췲ȥ·Ҫ̼ء
Σѹͷ˧췲͵һȣѪѪˮ˳ʮѨӿԻٴ󷨡۽סھڵѨ̶ȲҶġ񽣡Ǵɱ֮ģȫ޵Уֻһ֮ҪڣѪľħŴ˵֮ħ󷨡
˧췲ϵ˱һ·񱼣Ṧо˶֮ټϺ־ĸϵּл֮£˧췲ʱڻ¶һ˿˴ˡ
ʱڵϦ֮ʣʹԼΪһӶһεġ۽ס
Ѫ֮䣬;˾һֻ÷ɱ˧췲ʱˣƥ䡣
ݡ
Ѫ䣬˧췲һ֮󣬻ϡãѪۣٿȻڵأԷͬܣܾʹȻԱڶҪ֮ԿǱȴûΣա
ƺͼ򣬶˱Сȣֻк־һЩΪ֮ǰ߷ɣԶһ١
ʱ˧췲ڵأӲд
ѪܣͬʱһѪ˷һͷȰɢ֮ɫƣҧгݵ˵˧췲ҿ㻹ΣĶҪС
˧췲ɫ԰ףضŶԷˣϢ㡭ҡ
㿴ҸҲң޵³һѪ̵ǰҪ֣ʱк־ף͵ǰȥֻԶֵ֮ϣ¹ղİУһͦñֱˡ
˸ǱһӦ¶֮ɫüͷ壬¶һ˿ɫƺԴЩϤĸоƫмİ
ʲôˣ־۱һţЩ
֮˰ˡشɣдЩ̾ŷ˼ȲԸ顣
ε˴ӰӰлгȴһ˵Ĵ磬Ҷڴ˵أϳ˾֮ǰԶʱԼһ˵λߡ
ʱ߱Į߱ͦ˼׿۹ִĸоеĳ֮ɫȴڸǣòγɼǿҵĶԱȣǡʱͦñֱһ˳ǹȻüͷȴһµİȻ̬
˴Էò֮һ˫۾ٿȻɵü¶һŵı飬˵һ仰
Աߵͺ־ȻʶˣԷϷɢƣȴѹȵǺвɵñôΪ
΢˫ۣݺݶŶԷ֮˵ʲôѵǻòͷˣɣ
ɱңһԡ
˻˶棬˫м䣬Ź˧췲
ˡ˧췲Ĺ̬ͺ־ü
ˣԼɡ߶˧췲㲻Ǻ̬ȣ˧췲ȻգȻǿվ˹ȥ
˧췲£ŭͷȥһȭ
ȭգ˲䵽˧췲ǰ
Ҫ
ʱľȻǾˣһ֮ɫȻΪ˶ߡ
һһת֮ʣһȭ΢΢һԼǰƥȭȥ
Լ¶ŵı飬žҵʹϮ̲סһͬʱԶѪ
ҽú־ˣΪղһ£ȻζֵĶûпֱ˼顣
㣬㡭㵽˭־۲ʵ
˧췲Ѿߵ¶һ˿ɫδ𻰣ֻ΢΢˧췲ȥ
ʱǾ˷һ㣬ıӰʵǬ
شģ˺˧췲ȥıӰԼͺ־𾪵ı顣
˵ʲô˵һ飿־ۺʾˡ
ǬǡɽǬԭûû

ʱ࣬ҶͷǿΪһģƳɵƷצҲֻѣ䱾һС꼻ڣȴҶδ㾦һ㣬һǵ㾦֮ʡ
ʱĳǰľѪѾվ־ֻΪľͨҲѪɫ˽Ӳӵɫ
һʱɾѪٿȻһ䣬ΪһͣߵССֻǱΧŲѳ
Ȼ˵Ѫ֮ʧȥıҲԪͬ˲ɢΡ
ͷۼ󹦸֮ʣȻһϺȣˡ
ռѣѪγɵСٿȻһ鲻ҵһָСٿȻûҶİٻѨڡ
Ҷһžҵʹ鸡֮ϣ첻ͣǵѪˮƤ⡣
üͷ壬ζͽϵı仯κ©Ҷ˵ٲĽ
һֱһһҹҶǰй̥ǵʹһεĥȻܲסһʧȥʶȫͻᱻѪʴƻһ书
ԼˣʶܶĦڭǾ֮£ĵĩʶԼľ˳ãһʱҶҡȴҳաҼҰĴգ˼ǳοգһӣƮ߾룬ظͷڷɵ


100 Ѫ
Ҷʱ״̬áռ̽ԿաݣҲǵҵի硣
һƾѪٻ㣬˲γɵ֮ڶΪһҶɲǼʶһƬޱߵˬ֮Ϯ˫۵˲䣬ȻԼ̬ߣһڷɶһƬ˵ķϲ˶ٳ
ˣĪͽ֮Ʈ֮Ҷ
Ҷһ˫ٴδ򿪣ȴѾʶ壬ǰ裬һУֱڡ
ԭЩʱǳ˶ʮɫСҩһ㣬Ѫ㣬档
ȻָɱĿҶһЦһѩ׵绯Ϊһ̣ƮȻǰ뿪ҡ

飡
ɶ񣡡
һŭһ̴ľ輸»ΪƬһǣѵ˿ڣһʹͬʱոհõıֽһƬѪգüͷͬʱҲɵ֡
Աߵĺ־ͬüͷ壬ʵȷǬôûгֽôͻȻ֣һͶʥ
˼ᶨص˵ͷȻò仯󣬵ҿȷǬֻ벻ͨʲôȻʱڱ仯֮󣬰˵Ĺڲˡ
ſޣǸ֮飬Ů˻ʲôȺʿʲô鰮һ׳ʥ֮ʿף
ʹ죬Աߵȴòζɫһʱֺ˪Աɫ԰׵ĳȴһڨЦס֡
ڳʮˣаҶͶħŵĽͽҲطڵʱĺλԣȻʥȥΪʲôǻҪٿεϯͽ˳Цô
˵Ҳ۷׷ףòٽд˴ᡣ
һֹۣ죬һҪ죡Ҫһ䣬Ǵл磬硭
ʥƺЩͼˡ
ٺһЦʥҪɡ˵໥ᣬ黹ͱӡλ϶ݴ֤ǵĻɾҲϴ塭
˶ʱ۷׷ס
ʵǺӺƶô죿֮ǰǰľɵ˵鷳ˡ
˴ģڿһ£˵ɳǶҲ˵ǵĲǡ
ĺüͷ壬ʵǱߵ˲أʸڷϡ
˻ͷˣħǺٺЦģǱ֤ǻУܻҪǽһ

շ硣
ҹһضһˬ¡
̫δУ绹ʱ
⣬÷ѩԴ޺аȻȺ
ȴԴޣ÷ѩȻͬ÷ѩ̬˿ֻƽ֪ĵҶʱ򣬻Դ޸ӳ嶯ֻʱг˶ҶΡ
аǱԴӲˣɲ̲زԼǰѳȷѵõĺýʱԼԭȵǰ⽣Ҳ㣬ûûҹزͣõġ
õԼĽģͬʱҲ
͸˶ԣϲаΪλĽͣԼһԹŬԴ޵ĲҲʮ־ޣΪ̫ף¿๦㡣
ѩ
Ҳǲ顢๦ܹǡһŮ̫ǿˣ̫İδһҸ
һ˫۾ȴͬʱ˹е¶вɵΪԼСͽܸеһ˿ˡ
΢΢˵ͷ˶鲻ԽչЦݡ
ҶӻҪãԴ̲סʵ
鵭ٻաתͷ÷ѩ˵Щʱգ鷳÷տСͽˡ
÷ѩüͷ壬ŵɻʵ˼ǡ
鱳˫֣˿Ϸӣ̾£ҪԲˡ֮󣬱
ڣ¾ţ嶼⣬Ͻɽ
ħۣħսע˥
Դ޺аͷһɻػһۣŽų顣
ʱҴȻͽܶôƴˣ⵱ʦǶĻҲ̫ˣô
Ҫ֣µԴ޵ʱϲô
鵭˵֣硣
磡
֮ǰϲˡͼƬ˸ڳʿ룬ڳɶ󡱴ϯлӢ֮
֮ϯɣδ
֣ܲȥ
Ҵʱ˿̣бöʧìͷȫָ˵ù˧췲ⳡϷܲأ
ʱһҵĽŲɻſڣű۵һײܻģ˽ֱµʦүˣ

˵ʱֳѾźɽ˷ɽηǵĵһ䶯ᵽĵ⡣
ԭҪ赲˵ŵӣټ֮ɫһ䣬ҶĴ֣æ裬˸æȥŸ֮˳
һᣬ˳˳һ˽ȥ
ⲻüŪ۵ԴޣֻǱ߱͵ѾеУɽ˵ͻȲѣֻýɵӸ
ʲôǰӸˣƾʲôʱŭ
˶üΪʲô˫ͻƫҪһĵӡ
ᵭ棬֪ˡ
Ҫһɣŵò˵
ƹ롪
ųµֳʱÿ˵жһŻҪ
ھ֡ڳɶķֶ棬ͬʱҲʢүפ֮أһƬѪ
ֶĺԺʢүӴͽͬʱҲŮƱ۵ļҡ
Ǵʱ۴˻Сھ֣ٶȫѡ
ʬǰһֱ쵽Ժÿ˶Ǳһøɾ䡣
ʢү֮ϣһı飬ֻԷһţһǽ֮ϣǰѶȫǽڣֻʣһ§档
޵ķԶɽֶӣҲʬ
Զɽعȫ飬ȭͷ߬ýģƺַɣֱӱж
һ·ϴŹԺаһ仰û˵˴˵أڳߵ˷Զɽȫн
ɫʵִŶˣ
·ͻȻ䶼ûõһҪʮɱˡͬʱʢԶɽϸ֣Ҫһ㣬ҪҵĹ龳֣Ը֣ͨҪʮҡ


101 鱩ŭ
ɫصص˵ͷ
ʢϤԶɽɴһС֮ʱѺѣֶ߰˶ѧԺѧϰ˵ΪᶨѺӵ
ʱ磬ʵ˶̾Ϣ
΢Щ˸УǵȻƹȻƶˣ֪µӿɷзųأ
ܷţỹδ𻰣ԱͻȻܳһֳ⽣ὣͣýһָ飬غɵҷɽˣ˵˾ͷˣôף
ĴȣΧһӿʮɽĵӣ˰ƹӣͷɽڣгʣָűΧĵĳ顢Դޡа͹ˡ
ƿڴҿģСӸ˭˵أҴôģһȺǰʲô
ǵӹһЦֶݶԼѶ´˶֣ǽʲôأЦ
仰һ˵˵Ҳɫһ䡣
Լ¶֣ʲô˼
һʬѵԷµö֣
̫ƿЦˣ
涯˸λǰҪ֣ԱԴһѽסָָǳͷķɽӣСӹһȥǼҴͷڹôʲô˵òȵĳʲô
Էʵڹ֣һЩͨ¹ʵСӣѵóһŸǶô̫ʧݡ
ֽѵһԴС
˵Щ˸ǹˡ
ɽڵӹЦղ˵λȻʲôɲԴСʲôǷɽ˿ɲ£ʦֵǣնħϣ
һȣΧʮɽͬʱһɨ
ɫһ벻ɽԽԽ֣ѵΪɱô
ֵȭһ߬һ
ˡ
һɫ̴˲䵴ȫʮɽȫһ˲䱻ⶳסδԭز
վڶеֻһ紵缸һˬ˫ۺȻ֮ɫһų˵
ɽѣƶֿˣôѵõشһ˿
飬Ҷҷɽӳ֣ݣһӰٿȻվ֮ϣ˫ۼŭ顣
žžžһƶһ߹ƣһ˽ɽ񽣸ԾһȻ⣬¾Ǵеġ̫Һ˰ɣ뻯
鵭һЦƳ˺һۣƶɽһ֮ڣʧ֮ĺѣ־Ҳ磬ҲҪʱǡʱŭ£бҪôɵȷ˵
ɵӡŭ
ֱӴĻǷֱȼɵ˵
ɫһúúãҵҪθ
һ֣ŵӴǰءѪĺ
һˣʱŭؿӡ
ô£ת
һĵӶȣ豾ںѵһ£ɽˣ
ǿһŭƨҵʦֺ˵˵輰ʦţ߲֡սҵ书̫ߺߣʦĹǲ
˵Ϊؿӡ
ĿʱмԭͽܴˣʦԴС
Դ̲סԭˣǷɽĹ֣Լʦŵǰ۸ɵӾͲԴСɵĳҪǽѵǵӣԴСˣ
ӰȻߣ߰°ͣñǿԴޣ˿ɫûУƺ˵˵ˣ۸ͽܾͿԣ۸ͽܾͲУ
üͷһ壬ʵ֣Ǻ⣿
ЦһԼµ£Լ֪
ٷϻ˵аȵ
û˸ҸԼô˵׹а˵ͷ˼Ҽסˡ
аʾؿŶԷٴεŲũø˵Ҫ֤ݣæҽʲô£
֤ݣ֤ݾǣһָǲʢʺǰѳ
ɵӵʽû˵ɣ
Դ޵һ̬ȼ䲻мɫ亮
Դ̲ס˵ǵһ߽ôҪԼ֣Լʽɱʢүӵĸֻ֣ŵӲʹõͨôɵ͸ǻ
Ӱ̬ɣǹŪİϷû뵽ɣֳһûˣ
һ£ɽĵӣһȽŵòͣǰ
㿴ʲô˵Ī±˶㲻ֱӺе
η˵Сĵʱڳ׸ܹһ٣С
Դʵ
СҲˡɱ˵ģһȺʿ˵ɽģ˵ɱүԶסʲôܡ
Դʵ׸
˵˵ͷ
ڳ
ֵ˵ͷ
ڳϵĶԻö
һæǣǡߵԻʱģž˼
ҿԴͷɱİɱ֮ܣԶܵ죬ݻ龳ĸְ书öǾǷֲ㣿TMD
ңҡ˶ʱ
ˣ˶Щصͷ֪֤ʵǿסţ˭⡣
ȴô룬Ҳȷ⣬ڲ׷ʱ򣬶ӵ⡣ǴһˣǲҪԽƱ磬֮һУɰѲɣȺϣԻһ
ҹƿڴ
ɫ䣬ɱʱ㣬
ǺһӳʣĽֱͬʱŵ˵ĺϼˣʱһѪ
ˣ
һߣưĹâٿȻɢӭ˼һĺг
ɭȻһЦáһתʢƥӭ顣
һֱЦӯӯƶĿ͵һϵлú˵
Ȼȴ˿û飬ǺӶǰĻﻰȴ·ǳĲǡ
ŭʢ
ڶ֮裬ȴڼСķΧ֮ڣ߾ᡢԴ޵˾һ綼о
ֵͶԺأҲڳߴ֮ơ
ֶ֮ʣ˵ֻüһʧɫνʣȴ֪ǺãԱԴһ£Ȼ֮ʱгѾԴ
㡭ŭ
ԴЦذ˰֣ԱаӦ֣ҳ֣ѾѪߡ
ᵱȻţ뱬ʱ򡪡
žžĶУ鷽ѾͣЪ
ϣ
黹ʣ׷ƮƮü䵭ƽؿŶ档
ĺˣվ֮ʱϱ滮õ¶׵ţӡΪ
ƶǺ˰벽˫飬¶ʵСۣ֮Ⲣκ˺ۣһȴǴδйء
飬ҡ
ûʲôҡѾ˼κεĽ棬Ѿŭ˭ҲҵˣڴߣɵĳԼǼʵĹʲôƨ˵˵ݺҼҵӻĽѵ˻Ҫ󣬳̣
һ仰Ǻ߷ԱߵƶɫҲһһס
ߡ
תߣźȥ
޵óڽգȫŭȫˣ


102 Ȼ
Դ޵˵һμ鷢ôƢе㺦¡
ص޵СԺ֮󣬳ֻ˵˾䣺úϢ
ȻԼصСӣٳ
úϢ
Ȼʲô
Ȼһս
˭ܿս⣬Ϊ֮һĸо
Դͱͱаϵôô߯ˡ
аüϣֻСˡ
ֹСˡԴЩ£ɴ۾оôϵϢ̫Ŀֲˣ֮ǰΪܸӴƽ֣ҿǺӼƼ϶˵ɡڤ޵С˾ռ˭Ľ
аųо磬㻹ǿˡҹ֮󣬳Ľǰ棬ֻʣһĻ
ôԴ޴һ벻аԳۻ֮ߡ
а΢΢һЦתȥ
ι㻹ûشң
Դ׷аȥ
һڣҶ
ԭŵĵطſһСľȫ顣ʥعҶһֱŵıܹߵ棬ؼʱ̲ʹá
Ǿſ;ܣҶΪղأÿд洢龳ֲһյ
ſ龧ܣʮ龳ְʱȫҶתڤ񹦡˳ڣҲһʱƬ̻ת磬ǲõĽȻ¡
ʱĳ飬еʱݡԼҪ뽫ڵȫת磬ֻвϵսϵسشﵽԤڡ
ʦ˵ȲѵʱĻ֣Ҫȡ֮Լ᡾ڤ񹦡Чʦ֪ԲԼص
ǡ
ҪҶԼľܹסƥµһ͵ʵ̫Σˣʱܻᱬ
鲻ͬľǺֻ΢΢ɺԡ
ЩʱգҶԼεԵĳԻԼΪſ鼫Ʒеáڤ񹦡һԵش˹ȥݺԵĴ˰˷֣ʡ˳ʮĿ๦һϦ֮䣬̫Ԫɣﵽ˿ʦ˵졢䲻ɱľ硣
ȻЩԸ⣬ְΣΪϾʱ̣Լ岻ݴǵҪǰ棬д˻ᣬȻŹ
ʦͽղһתպĽָܻ״̬ҲһŶԸƵеơ
ո뺫ӡƶԺһУ˹ڴԪһʱ佫ȶΪԼЩھڻදĦɺѾõľ磬»պһգҲԴﵽյ
ʱ䲻˼Сʱ
ɫ磬һֱ磬ٵ˻ƻ衣
ɫ谵ҹĻٵʱ򣬳ƿţһ۵ļˣ˵ϾСϺаҹȥɡ
ֹ˵ͷ
˵ˣҪչˣǶ˵ʵûͻ죬ȥˣҲ׸
Դ޺ٺһЦߵǰļ򣬵İɣֶӣʱү
˼һӻͳǸǹ⣬ݹȥүħӣǵͱ£
ϣԴҲֱӽӹ㴧
ʱСԺ⴫Ĳͬô
鵭ȻһЦлź⡣£ɵ£ɾʲô£ɽзѵΣաԶŻǰտһ´˵ذɡ
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ɽ˵ĶǱµӵİΣҶδأ˾Ψһľֻʣ÷ѩױ˳ûʵǳķ
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һֵɱķԴЦ׷˵
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Դ޺аͬʱĬ
ϣô
鿴һͷˣԽԽ˷ء

ڣͷӿｻ
ϯ֮ϣƶָԼ겻ĴЦݣ˿Ϊյʧֶġ
ӻûг֣ϵӡĸ֣˹һ±ԻѪǳϲ֪ʲôԼһе֮ϣˮֱͣӱų⿪޷ɢѪֱڣĺ˹²ӡǲֵġ
ϵѪ޷ֻȻˣĻºһڶˡ
Ա߾ϯ˴Сеĳ̬᲻üͷǰһƶʵүүΪƼҪˮ֪ݺɣŲУʲôô
ôǺǣҪʲôôֻǿ֣ıߴƼ̫ӴҪĲǺôƽƶɫһƬ¹Ž׽
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ƶΪɽҪѡˣǲʱӱҪȶʮꡣҪͷҪս֪ĸֲ֣ս䲻սڲ֪֣ʱˡͷ㣬ʵҪĻǱǸڮٵʿʤõַΪǿߣǸϹϵõֶΪأֻϧǶ̫Сˡ벻ʵȻôǿôǿ
ƶоȴһЩʲô顣
ŶԭˡҾˡ
ʲôˣƶʵ
Ǹ;һֱϲǸ壬ÿο˼۾ﶼʲôضģָߵôɱݺҲΪǻء
ƶ̲סʧЦСѾͷҪ˵ǵõˣôСѾͷаôܺ棿ûϯôɫԵ۾ڿôôûȤһΣϴαһŲСأ
ԱߵŵӸһͷ亹ػһۣҡͷЦ
һϴҪǿĿˣҶȻүүǾվҪ˵ˡ
תͷȥȻϯվȵлλͬ챾رĵӣѰرٳֵıϧǣܰߴһҵϢΪ˹ƣٴεöʧˡ
һʯǧˣֳʱҡ


103 ֹ
ʱȴ߿࣬һ̬±õݺܴȵôүĶǵݺܵı֤ɵĹӹԹԽģ˭ҶүĶǲ͵ڲ𣿡
˵ĲǴֵ棡
ûҪ˵ݵĺܾԲ˵֮£˸Ҵǵüͷ
Ҫ˵ŪֶΣ黹Ȼ󱳺͵ߣ
ԣǣǲ˻ӣ
ɵҳ
˵ɵ˰ͶԼʢһСɱˣ˵ʲôǻʬ𼣣ǵעϡ
Ǹɵģúݶĳ
ɱɱɵˣ
ԣǻ뿪ݡ

ֳ˵ĹĶ֮£ʱƶڣȡͯȴԿ⡣
ʵͯôʲôʱ֡ʻôȻˡ
ͯһ°ָָһߵİϣǸţϵĹ˾û˾Ĵͨأȴҡһ䣬ΪҡźˡߺߣֻǴϣء
ȳҲ̫ϲ̫ͯҪһ
ţҸһߣ
һЩղ̫һˣʼʶԶЩ˵ľ룬ݸ֣ǲˡ
ذлˣǻεŴѪ󣬴壡ȡͬ顣
ħһˣ¶˵֮ɫ
ӽˣպηչȫûкøУɴ˶Ǹ͢ûкøС
ʱ˰οر˱ϴƵ˷֮ǳɹˣ
ŵһЦɳԲ˶ߡһεжҰﻹ˸
۾һУʵǱߵˣ
ЦôõĻᣬôܲãϾǱҲһֱĻᡭ֣֤һ˶߲ʥ͵۾ǱߣĹȥ
ǺǺǣˡЦ
ʱͻȻһȣʮǰ޷죬ͶħŵһСΪӢ۲֪ôеڴݺûеҾһս
仰¡¡֮֮ףʱ¥ÿ˶죬ƫƫＫΪƽ˻ߵŭ𣬸һּķ˲˵֮˱ǸĶţȴһ˿Եӡ
һԭе𽥽˵ʱȫѴﵽѻȸ϶Ŀµز
ǧٵĿͬʱš
ĵ׿ȻŭѷѾʼһȺ׳հʿ֮ǰȻֱƿԼϵףһԭԸԼһǿ׳ˣȡ̬ȣһұ˴ƣͶħŵɲǳܹܵġ
ѹлλҽֻƾһ㣬Ϸ㲻á
ԴޣүǲҪֽһأ
ͷЦĿ֮£վɭȻȻǺĩѧѪˣҲݹϷˣ
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ֻһ˲䳬˱ľм˼ԱʱһƬ˵ʹధ
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ЦһȻղžһȴ˭֪ǲ̫Цˡ
۾һУɵţ
顣
һȣãȺָ

ܲԱ͡
һЦħˣҲ˵ֹֻ
ʣƾʲô˵Ϸħˣƾʲô˵Ϸǡò֤ݣ뿪˵ء
֤ݣ˵ɽǵĶҲǶǲǵġʲô֤ݣ
˹һЦһչָܣڶ֤ͬݣô˻㣬û֤ݣҲøͣ
ԣǾ֤ݡȺ͡

쳤Ц
˵֮ɫһţЦʲôˣ׳ӣ
Цᶼ˳۾ʧЦЦҺñȻһ
ʲô
ڶѾ˷Χס˳飬ʱһٽУûֵָİæƾֳԼ־ۡ桢ĺ˵Ĺ򣬳ѷɡ
ʶʱľ˼Ϊʣ֮ʲôµģ
ԼܱҲͬˣ㶼Ц׼һϷ
ҡͷЦЦνĹʵǱ˭ȭͷ˶࣬ǲҪ֤ݣǵĻ֤ݡ˵ҵĽǲҲ֤ݣҵı֤ء
ɫһ䡪
飬ʲô˼
ң˼
ǺһʣǰʱҫһƬ¹⣬ֱΪʱ֡
һ˶ͬʱӦҵĵոճʵʱġѾһݸֵʺ
⵹ùĸ־֮ǰͯἰġţͬһ߬һö»ɵĺɫֻҪһ֣ը
ʱ䣬ʱԶض˴˿̡
߳
˭Ҳû뵽Ƶĳȶ֣һֱһֵ˵ܻͬʱ鹥
ʱıŵʺγһѪͬʱеİһʱǺɫԲͲ˳ȥֱӭ־Щˡ

ԲͲٿձըɫ̳˲ɢ
Сģж
⵹˭óΪ˲ΧõļһﵱԲѣԲͲװģȻ̣ѵε
ⶫʱڳĽ£һ˲赲סͺ־һĹȻֻм֮䣬ڳ˵ȴ㹻
һˡ桢ĺ˵ֹɴݲȣȻһЦɫ΢΢âСٴչһ¹⡢ưĽȻɢ
ûһ˲ǰصĽҪͷƫƫ¹ĵطɲǼðͬҹܼѹ˷ͬʱֵʱò˳еı˲˰ٱ
ǿƣú˵Ľ


104 Ⱥħ
Сģˣĺ󳳴£ת˲֮ͱǰѹȵ˵
ܣ
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ϸܵĽͬʱ֣˵Ķֱӱû
һ̣Χ飬ÿ˵ĸܶǵԳȫһ㣬֮£ʹƴĹ

һܼı鱬
ʹֵ˷Ľָ֮ǧԷʱײ𻨣ȴûһ˸˵Լס˳ĹֻǺ֮䣬˶ͷð

һͻƵأ˲佫âķ
¹ⷶΧ֮ڣûһ˻ɿûһ˳ǱĽ֮⣬о
߳
һͬʱģϳλ֡ʻڣѾͶħŵĺڵͽͬʱͷðһư׹⣬󷭷ɣ˫ֱӱʶ
ڶģ򽣸棬λͷԽƣͬʱ֮죬ڰ׵Ҳڶ롣
ԭΪ빥飬ôǣƵǰ£Ҳ֡Ӷֵĳڣһս˶Ǿأƫƫ񣬳׼ʱʹһַűųСȫ
ֵ˲䣬ԼǴ̶һ㣬Ҫ̶ҪǿǧٱԭѸĽޱȡ
ͻȻһߣŽ͵һ𣬶һһɲղᣬȴ޿ɿɵֱֱ۵ľȫɢָоһں޴ˣһӭͷǹ
ڵͬܵǿҵųһ㣬˲ɢȥһûγɣһ·ֱȥ
ɢȫˣ˵ڣȴ˲ǰСһʱһǡԼȡԷλãһ磬ٷֺԷ˲ڣڵƿһ
ʮ๦ʱɢɫ԰׵һƨڵϣ˲һˡ
ͬһʱ̣Ĵĺҽ׷ɣغغ«һꤳɾ룬ؿһΪĽ۸֣ѪҪӿ
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һħֺҪηսӱܣһ̴ͬʱȵһϵƣĸӣ

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˫ƾϣҺˣͬʱ˵ǰѹϣԮ
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ʱһһľڵ±ըвͣ·ǿҵĳͣ䣬ÿ˶վȣᡣ
·ϣ͵شܳһӰɫĴ멽ٿȻһƿһǽڣҹɫ֮УͬʱЦɡ̫񹦡Ȼ鴫飬ǻͷټ
ֻǺ֮䣬˱һЯžˣʮɿ⣬һХһŤζ׹Ķûгֱ֣Ӵܳȥʮɣת˲
鵥ǺһʣߵƿǽڴԶԶȥµ۾ʤδ֣ȥ𣿡
µ۾ѲԻӦսʱ䶼Ȳô
һӵϼһƬɫ鲼Ǵӹµ۾ģתȥ
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аɨһڳȺ˶Ҷӡڲ֮ǰЩŶҪҪɱ˭ҲԼħŹƻ󣬿ת˲䣬ħŸٱ¶֮ˡ


105 ݷ
ЩȺΪʵ̫ҲӦЩ飬һƸҶ
⣬⡭ĮƶЩ޴룬ֻؿаԴޡ
ħŵţҲܲ𰡣
аһͬתȥ
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Դ޵ĳŵƶЩ߰鷽ƽϢ
ˡˡ
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Դң˼ԱߵἷüŪһȻ׷аȻȥ
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˵׵ƶһָϰϵһɸֱ֣ǲͶħŵ棬Ҫ̲顭
Աشʱǰһүô죿
˵һ۴ڵϵ棬ԷϾŴ򽣸ţݼУôſѺֻ»򽣸֮ĳͻ
ƶЦһ֪԰֪ͨ򽣸Ȼ򽣸ˡԼҵ£ԼϵĺãϷ桭
˵˴ƶ̲ס̾˿ºγɸԼһ棬Ǹ˼ĺô
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ֻһ㣬ΪӮ޾
ȻŴֶ̫֮ȥʵȴǱһԼѡ

ҶС֮ڣΥĶԻ͸ǰ
Դӵõˡڤ񹦡Ķ֮󣬡ŭhϵͳͱüЩЩֵֵ񹦾ѾʧȥǱ塣
һŹͿԳʥ˭ֻѾȥϰ书ڣˡڤ񹦡ԼͶȻȥϰǴ󷨡ˡתơԲͬġǬŲơȤȣõˡ¾Ž͡񽣡УҲжȥС
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Ӱ˵ѧСС๦쳤ؾòϳŮĽɽ÷֡ɽơȵȣȵȡ
ЩԼЩǲס񹦾Ȼɾʱյ书ͽλͬʱѧľ似ѾԵԼõϵС
˵ŭh󡱵Ĵ񣬶Ҷ˵ѾôҪˡ
ŭh󡱿˵Գϵ롰챦һˡʯ⣬ĸÿڶһѧϵ
ͨ赡˵ѧ
߲˷书
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ֻϧһֱȱٵģǲԡաܶѡ
ȫ⿪ŭh󡱵Ѵɣǡͨ赡ƽ⣬õһϵѧͬʱҲáŭhеѧ⿪ʼûг֡
ǽգҶɹεһʱ̣Ŷʱġŭhٴҳ֣ʾŭhƽ⣬Ƿ
Ҷһ㶣Ȼѡ˼ţһ˶ԻУ
֮Իģ֮ţԻϣ֮ãԻ΢߲ڵʻΪһϲ²ⲻν״֮״֮ν㱻Сӭ֮ףִ֮֮֮С֪ʼν͡
Ρ¾ϹڡĲͻȻϣת˲֮ǰǸͨĶԻ򣬱㿪ʼܽ⡣
ҶĿ࣬ѣʶѶֻܴǸԻΪһɫ͸ˮ飬ƯڿУٿȻü֮Уԡ
һ̣һ˿У

δգ׼ȷ˵ֻ⾰Ҷ³˵ǰ
ǰʦ˷¶˴ҶæƨƨߵǰȥأһųʦҶڨЦŴӦԸΪʦ
ԭǰյսУеı񡱣һѪȷ磬Լµ۾ڵֿסϳϸܵƣ洦мط˻ڡ
Ҳû취ȻʦŴıҲֻǾƷȼ㲻ϣˡ
ôֵĹܱѾΪס
ѽζ̫ߴˣԲʧʶҶ취ѱԭ
ʦȻ岻ݴǣҶ˾ſļƷܣĲ˵ֻ³֣ͨմʥѧķһƷıʱѱļӳ֣ԷӵøӺ죬ʵĴа
պˡ񡱣ϡ佣ҶЯ÷ѩԼҪԴޣƸĴ֮⡣
ɶŸڣһΣ̫̫ˣŵĸҲ͵ˡ
㣬һִ
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֮սʮһꡣʱ֮ڵȻɱڵ֣Ҳˣͬʱڵ֡
һҹʮڵΪ˸ֽšһ˴սʮڵ֣ȫɥ֮ڡӴˣ¡
ڴ˺İ䣬Ҳн֣֮ǲһһ֣Ŷ
Ҳ㣬һֱ硣
ʱҶ̫̫ӵĿ⣬ȻЦݣȴâڱ
λ̫̫ݣų󼰵ȣȻ˥ϣϡܿʱ绪ݡ
㣬Ҷ

ưĹͷ
Ҷͷ׿ɲΪƵĿְ·ȥȻ˫һԲϣֵĽֻ̫̫ÿһҲ֪ƶǿ书ǲ˵ĺ
ô𻰣̫̫ٴγѯʣо⺮
ҶһĴȣһݵվ̫̫һΪκưֵܵƶ
̫̫׵ʱܽ⣬Ц֪Са취


106 

ɱһĲҺÿ˶еһľ
ҶܵһĿ⣬תһ۵̫̫ڨڨЦҪǰȻرһ£ưѾϣáࡿƵĻн顭
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ǣǡ
ҶTMD㡭ư۵󺹣ĳĿ޲ҧҶһ⣬ʱ˾ǰٴγǷ˵ʹŭ
ŵ㣬ŵ㰡Żң˵Сһʧ֣ⱲӾҲվˡ
ư۾һɣҪ𣬵һ뵽ĿԻָжеʤһУߺߵر͡
ҶһЦ˫˫һۣϸܵĹư˫۵ʱͻɫǵͨ죬ǿסʹ࣬ûвҽг
򵥵ļ֮ưȫٴ飬Ҷʩչַٴһ̵ʹϹҪʹٱưΣܲס˹ȥ
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Ҷһ㶣βѵ˵ٺ٣̫ţҸˡ
ڳ˶˲佩Դһţ̾һոȥ
ƶҡͷ̾ӣ̵Ƿᣡ
ԱܲסЦǰϡ
̫̫ЦãƤǶʼһһģ̾ϢɣҪ־͹ְ⺢̫ܵѵ
ҶβѣҪͣԼ治ǳû̫̫һɣ̾˿ɻ
ǰĸʱҶڽưȫͿˡࡿøľƵãͿҩ࣬ˬʵưٴתԼٴսƣˮ
Ҷǰοֻ밲ľڵֻǹ飬û˼磬Ǳӹϵٶȣ˵øٴθԭʱ书һ¥أǺǺǡ
TMDлл㰡ư̰죬붯ŭ޿̣ƿڴ
ΪҶʱʵ̫TMDǷˣ
ҶٺһЦΪ⣬ưúϢǧϻ𣡡
ҿ
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δ̫̫ưʱŵô󾪣æͷ˵
Ҷæ˵ħŹƶˣֶƭܹ֡
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ָҶкøУȴǲȥˡ

κưƣҶ֮һҾʹ
˫̸üΪǢ̫̫ʾԸϽϳ͢ͳݣϳ͢ݷչŻȫϣҲŲ뽭ֱ͢ԣû㹻֤֤ǸħŹ֮ǰŸǸ֡
Ϊ˱ʾһһŵǰ͢ǲ
̫̫Σһǲ뾩Ҳ͢˲ᱳѵľġ
Ҷ˵ѾǼΪĳɼˡ
һ棬ΪĽдܣ֮ħŵһսȵ𣬳Ϊǰʮһߵ͵ĴɽеıʿΪ⶯ɽύаһʷɽɵĴͳѺã׷ײֺ֧ӵɽƽ̣ת֧ɱùϵĶһɹɽƽ֮λʱϳ͢бǸħڣ׷׳룬ͬʱҲܵ
ѾҶҪĵ⡣
ˮϢĺڱɽŴĺܷ̣Ѿڸݵ·ϡλ¸صĴԱͳ񣬰ｭϳ͢Ͱһ㡣
˵罭ɣҶЩϺĲĺԶ

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ʰ׵͵һ뿪û뵽һ峿λ֮͡
ɫĹװŶף޳гŮԵɴԵӺݶء
ţǸĽߣһҶû뵽
Դ޵ͬʱ¶֮ɫֱӽµιѾͷﲻǷǸĵطôүû֮ǰʶĸϽߣ
ҶüԷĳȫ
һ̾һΣҲΪ˶ǸǴһˡ
һˣ

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ֺͳˣ
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⵵ǷǸ֣ǸĊţʱôͤͤվԼһǰҶʱͷۡ
Ϣ磡
Ҷ䣬ؿŊţʵ͡ǷǸ󵽵Ҫʲôţʲô
ʲô¶޾ΣֻǱ˰ڲ̫ˣЩˡ
Դ޴ҶӣмƣǷǸħŵĹơ
ŭһǵʲô֤ݣҷǸǧ곬Ȼɣħܹ˵ģʲôгȻĳϣΪħžôô
Ҷһʲô˼Ǹϱ߻гܹǸôϵЩϣṩ׿󹴽ħŵ֤ݣǡ
ҶһŮǹй¶Ҫ鱨ԻȡѷǸ
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ƹֻһɽׯλŮˡ


107 µ
򱱽ͣġֺ򶫽ƺչ۷ɣϽһ𣬵Ϊйسȵ۵
ֻĳǸԭǴެļϸһͶй֣ɵ˴ެ̹֣ٶȽʸİͼ
Ͻ̨򶫽ƺ˾Ӫ˵Ĵ̼֣ͷϴ󣬶չ۷ɳһλںӣʸ֮ᣬݣŻʸµĹȥչ۷ɵĳҲٴαܴΪ͢פر߽סµĲ
Ψһ볯͢ϵеģֻʣ򱱽ͣȵۻʸ·Ϊֺ͡ﲻüӺ
벻ôһλϮĺүȻԺš˳Ļʸ̩ž͸Ҷ
Ѻɺܼ򵥣࣬ͼı
ͤʾ˳ʵۣڰʮҹʼᵱգƻֵĽֵն壡
һͬնģλϳһλʸס
ʸֶ̩֮ݣĳ֮ɼһߡ
ɶ񣬻ʣ
Դ̲סƿڴ
ٶǶԽԼһܴ֮߳ŭıΪĿľԼһˬ嶼ĴĳЩ˰һЩ
ʸ̩ŵڸпһ蹷ſ
ŵ˵뿪嶼ʱϢѾɢ˾ӥǱѾõȷеϢˡ
ҶؿŶԷһ˫ĿҲһ˲գؿҶ
УԸŮˣŮ˳
ҶʶԸŮһ㣬÷ѩԸҲʺϵһŮʶʱŽᣬרſ֪ײʲô˼Ůˡ
ĺˣһֳ֮˯ȥ
ѾͷʵѾСˣֻСӣϱ軵˵ԸȫûоôصľĥЩܲס
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绨ɿһȻͨ죬Ѿ˰ۣ˰ĭˡ
绨һĨͷǡɶǰзˣ

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绨ѴʮͷʱҶܲˣһѰסĴ֣ĵʵ˵СҪɶ벻·ȥҲѡ
绨һҶ֣ٴץһͷ¶ǣٺһϡ࣬ﹾɱ𣬱ˣ㡭
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Ҷ˵ͷ֪ϰ˽ˮ°ԣ绨ԸӦ治ԼֱģҲϰܲ绨ĥߴ˹
ĸרô
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Ҷ鶼ɳˣĺӸ˦ҿô죿
û£ңĺܷ书ҲѦͷҲ˸ָ棬һ·ݸӦţ¡
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ˣʥأ˯ĵطûƽأ
Ҳѵ绨ⱩҵƢǴôãҪǻôŶû˼ͳȥˡ
Ҷ߳⣬ϱڸǵǿգ̲ס̾Ϣһ
СԺаñͷҲ̧ʵֶ˸ˣ
Ĳ£ҶһϮ
аǺһʣһƲȻ˭TMDŰ
˵꣬תȥ


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001 Ԫ
֮У˺ܶ⣬Ҳ˸ɵ㡣
ȣħٴشҶ˵ĵжԣѾ˰Ȼĳ̶ȡ
Σа̰ݻ̸ڽн൳жа̽ɽԭвԣֻҪһղ֪ְ׵ʿҹ£Ȼ־ʱѹƣһȻµĿֻš
ΪǸһ书ʵ̫
벽񻰣ûм˹ʸĶ֡
ʥ˧췲ĵж̬ȣҲպҪԺ飬Ӻ־õǬϢ
ԭǸԼһټͷǴ˵ʵսĻĳ׽ڽͣǸʧʮ꣬һֱʢѾľ֡
ΪʲôΪʲôͶʥ
Ըʶ䣬ǱƣȲѣ
Ϣħ֮⣬ֻҶ֪ǷΪ£׽ڵıǮɽˮԼŵļ᰾
֮һеĽɵ㣬ҶʱΪĵˡ
峿Ҷһ˱ͺЩˣʶ͹ڳߣ
ҶԴޡа绨С÷ѩᣬ뱱󵱼һ˻ϣֱȥ
ǱṩģŮһбᰲŵŮУҲŵüΪʣĸүǣҲ԰ʱȴһͬĴ󵱼ȴһʵĹ£һһ޴顣
λڴͨкݵͨΪ㣬ݺͺеԪ¤Ҹ踮ȵؼΪϤ򶫵ľ׸Ҳ
ʵĹ£ǾⱼĳͣǱİͨЩر˽⡣
˵ʵǱʮӥҲĵӥշȿ˵̲סϵ
绨ʶӥ
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Ŷԭֻͨջᣬֻᣬȷ̫ӡ
аԱʵӥڶˣ
ԴЦ°ʮͷ˰ɣҲ֪ЩһѧϵĴʦɼҼǼҶ磬ʮʱеıӡ
Ȼ꿪⣬ܹȢӡ
ǵʥǰأ
ԴһƲ죬ʦжˡңٺ٣ﶼˣֻпܲԸ㽭һֱϡ
ģҶһ
ҵȻǡҲµˣٺ١ԴƤЦûС
ʦæʲôôһֱû˼ҵϢаʵ
Ҳ֪˵Ѧͷر𽻴ʲôһֱ̽Ϣء
Ҷͷ
£֪һЩʥ޼ڱңħڱҲõͬʱҲܷǱҵԼһѣͬԸħŵ֡
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Ǳܶڴݳǣ뺺еԪˣαȽϸӣǰ˴ҵз踮ĺҺ¤ҵҡ⣬شɡᡯĹҲоصӰϷƮҡѹӥǱѹ󣬺еԪҲ˸սҶҪǾ˵أҪӽźá
ƵƵͷҶһֻ;ԪӦòЩɵ򽻵ҲҪ֤ȥǷǣٶͨУֱﾩ׸Ȼ˳μˮֱӣ˳ֱ£ִ嶼
ֻҶ˽о仰û˵ܹռݺУݵӥ˫л֮£踮׸ؿУһ嶼ͬ͢ʱϷѹȣƱȻתڼʱͳһȫγɿǰǿѹħţ𱱵ҡ
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Щ飬ԽȥģֻϣԼһˣһܹ˳˳ҵӥֹǽ嶼ɡ

Ƶ죬ǰ
ʱ˲ʶ֣ν͵ѧꡣ
ҶŹβͲݣĶϣ÷ѩͷͷߣؿŷ紵ɢһϴεա
ҰˮѾҪ죬ĵڡ
ɽ̵ˮ죬׵ơ
ԴˮũᣬȮţһ԰⣬ũ֡

÷ѩ˵
ҶǺһЦѾ³ˣл·ݵʱͲ˻һ𿪷ţ֮䣬ԾһƬɫ󡣾ɽˮ֮һ
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Ȼ
һЦҶȻʶ⺺صͲ˻һʢߣǸˣǳҲ̲סҪӯء
Ҷס÷ѩ裬ѹɤ̫ƽˣ߱ݣĵطȫһ顭
÷ѩᶨص˵ͷ
ʱȥԴ޴¶ԴЦ˵
÷ѩ󷭰ۣյʱƻһɶ
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ڶĵ˵Դ޲ɵô֣ԴسᣬԱǲӭңҪɣ
ῴһЦָһչһöͬʱԿԴ磡
ڳͬͬʱͷð
Ǹ룬ʿϷơ롱ֻҪһƤ붾壬֤ÿϥٶģڣÿС㶼ͬһʹɫпǡ
ƫƫԴ޲ð˿룬Ħ°ͣصҪ߽רѰô
һֹһҪ
һһ·ȣȵݳǣȵˣһ·򱱣ֻʮʱ䣬ӳɶԪ
ԪλüΪҪݶҪ˵أҪʳأջļڣϳˮ֮꣬ɶֲضáص̷й֮
һǼʿصǵشӽͷ߹мǣƥҡУҶˣԽαԽϰΪˡ
лԭػԶѾһֱ߹صĸо
Ĵ󵱼ҹȻ飬ȻԼΪ㣬ȴλϴĹʵ㻤
ʵʵΪȴɫһ·϶⾰ָƣĬǸְĵΡ
һʯţ齵Ŀջ˸ʵոߵУԴͻȻ̾˿ùԩ·խ
˲쿴ȥӭһӵߣڼߵ£ǰһˣɼ˴֮һͬʱҲǱӵġ׻͸ɣ˫˲ӽ˸ǰȴǱ޿ɱˡ


002 ϶
˵䣬׻͸һ˷ִӭͷľҶԴޣʱһ̸ֹЦһһɵʿĿƵĴſʯסҶһǰӲߵͷתƲȥ
ˣԭ֮˼ΪŭһǵԵĻʿʱզ಻ѣ׷׺ˣȻ¿ֵ˶ûУԶԶ˵֮Ÿָָ㣬ʯֻʣŵľ档
ҶĿɨ䡣
Ĳ͸Ľ˶ò磬һ¶ݵģ࣬ԣһʮ꣬԰֣ж룬׳̫Ѩ߹ģ⾫޵ĺ֣书͸ɲ¡
һһὣͣݰףȻȲ˧췲桢ŲӦǺܹϲɾ书ȻȲϲ͸ɺһ˵Ĺ龳ҲǲС֡
ʱԷҶŮһˮܽأˣЦٻĽݣ÷ѩȻɴݾѷɫʤһʱüɫ裬˫ƵƵŵ硣
Ҷеʵͷɼͽܡ׻͸ɣ׳껪߾֮ǰ˵ǹıشɡᡯĴ󵱼һλὣ¤ҵ٣ʹºšɾ
ʵΪ֪鱨Ȼǡ׻͸ɶʶȻԭ뱱֮ˡ
ʱסȥ·Ĳ͸ɺٺһЦΪصҶԩ·խ֮ǰ˵λꡯһû뵽һɸʤ˿α뱻˿ҫȥʵҲ
ԴҶǼĳУֻµ˻Ϊʵֶ̫ǲ
ҶѾ㣬Դôһ˵иǴ󶨣ǰһõص͸ɣǺǣȷѵһһΪǱҵĸֶ嶼ǹرȥأô嶼һΣ㻹ûܵѵҪٴζô
һ˫ֽŵա
͸ЦԱ߻ʱ廰һôСӾ嶼ҹ͸ֵ鷳ҶҿҲǸŪС椵Сûʲô˲ģԺϸĵ̣ϸ
㣬TMD˭
һֱ绨пŲ˳ֱۣӲ廰ǳ
Ļ䣬һЩ̯ġ˵ġֵġֵģһǰǰϰٺˣһصǡεԴŲӣһɺģۼʵһط˵ҲΪס
ͬһʱ̣һġɾݳһ˿мЦ⣬Ͼư˼ǡᡯǲô˰Ȼ֮ͥ˸ô˵Ǻеԣֻǲ֪ݵڻʣ¼أ
ԷһռƣȻ˼ֵҶȻ⣬˵ǶˣģȫûбҪ⡣ʶҶ˵ĻʱǷһЦ
Դ̲סԭΪֻкͶҵ߹벻ǻڵңҲôٵĻ
ٲȻŭְɭ˵ʲô˵һ飿
ϡԲ͸ɡΪ׵ʮ󺺣׷׳Դ
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֮ʱ²ȶ̤ǰǿƥƣ͵ײȥ
Ϊǿ׺ޣ绨йǿǰеƣ˲ͽ͸ɡڵֺʮ˽ȥһ֮Ӳеˡ
绨ͬһǽӭѹ͸ɳһһʲôˣͬʱգ绨ȥ
Ǹ֣о绨Ͽµвæϲ͸ɵĹ绨һȭȻһ֮һȭľƼ侪ˡ
ǶԷй͵һȴǳݵһҶ˶ҵ裬ǺЦһʣֱ绨е۾ͱ
˵绨еĳƳ֮⣬Ҳĳֻ񹦣һ־ͱܿϵҪֱӶŶԷ۾
绨һ˶Ӳɲܲãκ˵жЩдɣֵˣԼһ˫Ӵ˲䣬ǴѪĽ
ɾ˫ײһ˲䣬绨ͻȻһ˿Ц⣬ٿȻţһۿɼɢ

һʨӺ𡿣绨ʱ˽ɫ·޺񹦷ڡʨӺ𡿵£ı״̬类򣬽ɫȻǴߣ绨ǰƣһ˲䣬ڶײһ
͸ɡ٣˵ĳֶûü绨壬Ѿ𵴹Ľɫɢ
Һһ͸ֱӱײͬ߷ݰ˳ȥϹ£һʱ˹غ«Ǳǳ
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ٵһֱӱɳȥ˶嶼˲죬Ҫˣ壬ؿ类鳻УȻˣײǰֵԼϣȫڵء
һλֻ绨ĳײͬĴ֣Լʮλ֣ͬһıըɣһ·ɢһֱӴϷȥˮ֮С
ԭȡΧ״̬ġᡱǣõоȻôԼǽ޵еİײ÷˳ȥһʱĿɿڴ֪ӦѺǰ
绨пЦֶûһ£˵ؾֱ´ʯţϳҶˣ˵ȶѱײ˳ȥֱӳײšҵðڵһɸ֣Ҿ磬ŭȵ÷׷׺ˡ
͸ʱվ߳ŭȵ
Ϊɼ˴֮һԭôãԼһͬʱ֣ԭΪǱʤʶעУҲûʹȫֻû뵽绨ôһԣһֱȻȫԸĹ̥һʱ׼֣档
һڣԪôҪպҲŻˡ
ʶһ˲䣬˶ǶɱҪҶָ͸Ѿ鵶ҪҶͻȻ˴ֹס֣
ڽֹѭȥֻ塢ͣڴʯµĳϣ߳еģӺݣ޳Ƴ룬ġʮ䣬ɷǵӣĿĶҶ
һˣʱæԸ½𣬻ǰʩЦϣⲻǽʲôϴˣ


003 
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ɫһ䣬ǿѹͷŭԷϾڶʮλľ֣ڡͨ֡ġƹ񡱺ͨϵĪ棬Ԫк绽꣬ĸ֣ǲ̫Ρ
֪⼸λĹͣ²ѵ⼸䣬û뵽Է˴ֱɣȻֱӶ֡
һЦĹͣ˭ߵǸôһɧζҲͣ
͸ɲȻŭȴס
ЦλɼİͽݷǱѰ
ߣǵͽܣҲó嵭˲͸䵶һۣζԣֶŻĹͣðųͷ⼸λǺƹĹͣҲܲͷ˫϶ȥǲ֪ưܸܲƹһӰ
ʲô⼸λǺƹѣɵʵ
㻳µĻ۾һУɱӯ֡
ʱҶǰһΪδˡ
˵ͷҶؿƹȺʱˡưӣ㵽׸ǲ
˵ƹˣϵӣҲܲǻ콭ת˲ɫͱЦ棬ɵжٿȻ׽
ǰ˾Ҳס
ǻߣͱˡ
͸Ŀ¶׹⣬ȴ԰½ǣûݺݶҶԹһۺڻȻ뿪ˡ
Ҳæ߿Ѻ󼸲Ҷʩᣬᡣյ¾һᣬԺĳض磬λѹ˵ЦǺǵشȥ׷ϲ͸ɵˣʧȺ֮С
ȥ֮ҶæţŽ񣬵л֣벻һ𣬽վȻڴ˵
һЦҶΪô
Ҷ˲컥һۣʵѵǡ
һת߰ɣҪǣ

ŽĽŲƬռؼ㡢ΪΰĽȺŽֵģһ¥װεüΪݳޣ̻ԻͣΪϺͨλĴֱݡ
Ϥͨȴ֪ݻʹֱɣʵǺͨڵıѡ
ùңƿһţǻ¥еĸ輿Ƕϲ˵СˣҶһӶƤƳһ¡
תһʹĳ֮һ䣬˵ǰٴγһŻ
ڴϵĺҫŲĽɫ⣬ڻӭ˵ĵ
εŻߵɽţźһ֨ѽһԶ˿һƻƮ˳Ϊ֮һ塣
룡
ЦɣһҶԺ䡣
·ӹ׵ĵطŵ硣
ʯɵϣϽ٣ɫɫСܼɽءԣ£ֳ˵˵ĽĶ
˵³ͨƵ԰дȻ֮ô˵ر԰֣СĵڣžװĶ֮
̨˸ʯϿһߣ˴̨߹潻ϸƷ֮ˣǼ֮䣬гȻȻ
Ҷ˵ĽŲɵǴֱɵ绨Ҳǰľɫ¶ģ
λɡ̲סһЦڴߴٵ
ҶһȻЦ˵Ǻƹļլô
¶һ˿ĵЦ⣬ǻɴŵأ˵ʵլǺӵģլӶòʤö٣ˣλǳλ֮֡
ҶԴ޺˭
ѣȻ֪
Ц·ǰС
ֻýҷֱ԰С¥
˸յС¥ǰˣһͻദʹ˾ȥǣԶȥ˼Ҳƶˡ
Ҷ֮ɫΪϤĸоȻ
ȥС¥֮֨ѽһ´ڴ򿪣¶һ绨ǳЦĽӣһ۾ɨˣҶһ񣬵ҶʦȺʱˡ
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Ҷһˣʱٴδһ֪¥ϵݵĵ˭ˡ

ŵĹԭݡɽׯׯϾıŮܰڡɽׯҶͽˮһٳͻʱ¥ϵݵģʣʦµһŮ÷ôˡ
꾸ϳһսô˻ݣӴӽ٣벻ȻӣסںͨլԺУ˾벻¡
һĻɴϳ̴֣ٻӰϡһž޴̴ƹͨһУŪգǹԲԲӣⱦһ
ףǡ
ͣ÷겻ŵɤٴ𣬵ϰ壬ˣġ
ͨһ£ŻȻŶˣôҴֻӦУ˼䣬˼䡭˼̵Ҳһš˵ǲǣ
ͨתͷҶʵ
ԶԶԡ
Ҷβѣϵĵ˵ͷȻа÷ѩ˭ļһǾ͵ûˡ
ͨһЦˣôһˣôңǼ
˵תߣҶкҲûһ£Ҳͬʱȥ
Ҷ˶ʱЩԺѵԼһ˵ģֻ÷ô
þòӱɴĶ͸˹
Ҷæǰ
ΪǰԼһԨԴʶ˵Ҳǹ
ΰѼλ뵽˵أһҪѯ
뽲
ͣƬ̣ЩٵƺƽϢԼҶ˸Ǻ棬Ƭ̣÷ʵǬðɣ

ҶĿɿڴ
ʱһιʱȫⶼΧǬĳ֡
ʵʱ龰˾һ˵һ飬ʮҲȫ˵÷аһϸҪ֪Ǭʲô·ʲôɫʲôϡ
ʵֳÿһ˶ͷƤ飬˵޿˵ʱ÷̲ͣȤȵЩ֮ĳ滰ؽ̸
ܰͳС¥Ľظ÷ѩ̸˼䣬˻ȥ
ԴһͷˮʵҶӣô°
Ҷ¶˼ı飬ҲرסƺѦͷ˵ʲô
Ȼ˵ˣԱһЦӯӯ𣬺ͨŶӣԽ棬һһ˵벻Ҫ۸Ҫ̸


004 
Ǭ÷̵δ
˶ǻȻ򣬶ҶԴֱɾ
ֻĹϵ湻ҵġ
Ľµһġ񡱣Ǭųǰʸս񡱵ľ֣÷ǬδޣǬĽЩǣͬʮ֮һġԡκ޾λ÷̵İĽߡ
Ǻһŵ鰡
绨˫ֺʲ̾Ǹޡ
Դ޴һ˵ʲôԵģ
绨ĪصԻ˵˵һ˵Ǵ
һʱ״
Ҷҡͷ̾װŪģʥʱСڰѧģ⺻Ҳ֪仰ʲô˼
Դ޶ʱҿ㱻㻣ȥΪ˵õɮء
˲ɵúЦ
ҶһԱƷĺͨȻڵǬҷһߣôжʲôҪһ
ͨٺһЦôҵ£ҲԸæǬʧô꣬ͻȻʥ˽һ»Ҫӳ飬һ˲֤ġҼλȴô޹أ֮кôҪ¡
ҶȻֻҪƹʧˣһǹУȴмҪҪ죬֦ʱ䡭
ͨһ֣ҶĻֱЩ³صˣŵǻݻǿѣǼλӴֵ飬λκӰ죬෴Լλ˵ʮġ
µ˵ע⡣
ʲô£
ͨһ½壬Է˵ͷʾֿ˿ҶңҶͬͷʾ֮˶Ρ
ͨѹߣͼ
͵һҶֱӶȻͼ˵Ǳʥ˶ˡ
ͨĪһЦ£Ҷֵƭ˱ˣƭҡ
Դæġ
ͨٴβ廰ڵͽܣûֿտյֶΣ˭Űʮ֤ݣ֤ħźʥУûеõͼĲƬ¼λҲϣҵɣ
Ҷ˶ʱĬ
Щ±ȽУԼһʸڷϣԺͨĽλ˵һ仰ŵ˱Ƚ϶࡭
һҶ˲˵ͨƷһڲ裬˵ˣǸˣǿȻʲôмҶֵܲˣ˵١
ʱѾ˴һ̴ľУҶֱߵ̴ľСϡ
̯ͨʾ򿪡
Ҷ򿪣ԺԴ޺Ľаʱ˸һ˵ɫͬʱһ䡪
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ž
ҶӸϣźͨôеģ
ͨùȡǿСġͼƬⶫҴĻѪŵõıȻҶֵϵǿ飬ʮ֮һ㲻ϡ⡶ͼôڣûдȫȫû塣
ƹ˽⡶ͼ
ͨص֪һ
Դ޿ʵ⡶ͼ׸ʲôطҿҲЩ߰ʲôľ޽壬ȫ׷Ķ
ͨ˵ͷͼȫǴҿĶ඼㿴ȽаĶʵ׷ѰĶǻѧ߾׷ģûʲôͬ
Ҷ¶Ȥı飬ȴͨġ
ͨȻһ֮󣬱渵Ҷ֪һ˵ľߵͣǿĶġʱһȫȫͨȫװоͷģ޾Щʣ޷ͨȫеľȫ֮󣬾ټõҲûд֮أôأ
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ͼнİ취
ͨ˵ͷǵģǡͼĵһܣǾǡ޽ӡͨⲿܹһ˸ӵǿ󡣡
ˡ
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ֻҪ޽㹻ⲿ֣ͨҲܹͣĽ龳񻰾ƺ⡣Դ޻˵
ϵȷˡ
ܵ
Ҷɲ㣬ӵľúƹ˷ܰɣաأ
ͨžش˸ָ˽ָҶļЦ֪Сӹ⡭ɫأյܣšֻţǡͼϳɹĻ淢ķ޵ͼ
ʥޣҶش
ͨٺһЦСƼõһǶǵĻȫȷʥ޵ãȫġΪķͼʥޣϹޡֱΪѣ磬軺档
ԭˡҶȻ
ԼŪȺǶθȷԴڡͼϷ֣Ϊȱȫʶٵطƾȥģʵˡ
֮ͨͼصľ޽ͼͬʱҲ񹦣֮ƱȫͼӣɵĴɷ֮ͨ͸ЩɷһԸմﵽ˺һƿնȥ
˾
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ͨЦٴȰͼһ飬ҶСһ飬ĳϢĻķ֮һġͼֻôһˡ
Ҷʱѣ˫Ŀ磬źͨһ飬֪ģ
Ȼ֪ͨЦӯӯش˹ָָԴޣ֪һ˵Ҳôһ飬黹Ҫôһ㡣ҲŻֵܺֻҪ͵һ飬һҲԭֻҪһûκŪٵĸͿˡǾΣϲأ
ͼҶûкܴСŭh󡱣Сͨ赡㹻һоġ
ɡͼϾǲڡ챦Ĵڣܵõ˺ͺϣӰºܡ
ǣչ顭
ھ׸ƺҶԥͨ׳ɱﵣǵıؾ֮·Ҳӥıؾ֮·ֻҪǺҿԷеһھ׸ãһӥһ٣磬ǰϡΣ
׸ǽϳ͢ʵӰ첻ĵطͨʵȷԵһʱһ鱨
Ҷһ£Ȼʵô
͵һ
ʲô¹ءͼҶԴɫޱȡ
ͨɫδйأ¤ңͨڰ˷Сŵֻ廨Ь
ʲʲô


005 Ժ
ͨǸ׿ʵϣȴȫȫǸϺꡣ
ֻϵһ顶ͼƬԼһܵõȷϵϢͻȡҶһռ߳ɵġͼƬνǴ׬һʡ
ûȫ֮ǰҶҲû͸¶ԼемƬȻ˫ϸһԷеĲƬֻҪͼǲģǾȫû塣
˫ĺǱȻġΪˡͼҪǺͨеʵҶһϣõ
ǽϳ͢Ŀհ򣬵˺ͨϺİæȫһˡ
建˵µ鱨ӥѾʮӥеӥ뿪˷ӥһ·׸
ǵʲôطԴæ׷ʡ
ͨһӥҪ٣мܹóǸ׷ɱ꣬ѣӥ뿪ӥļһԼ⹫ġ
ӥһǸֱԵһԪ֣ɱ¾һ·ɳΪ֣ò˵ǷǸΪʧܵĲƻӥһ죬ԷǸ˵Ϊ͡
ĬȻҲӥ˵٣ֻǵ嶼ȥðˡ
ʱֿ˵Ȼ̽ӥϢնԷٶĻӦõݸң׸嶼ıؾ֮·Ҳһ·ϿԪ뾩׸һЩֻһ·϶ɽ·ӥ˳μˮֱ£Ҳϲ١
Ҷ˴ʱһԾ𣬵Ȼˣ²˳٣Ǽɶɡ
ͨʱƵ˵ļԲȶȻҲ֪ӥ˵г̣Ҫݸ˴ĻȴҪˡ
Ҷһ㶣ʵΪʲô
ͨȻΪֽͨݸ֮еĴֻˣûкͨķԸӥ˭øҵ졣
ӥСȻᶯ
Դ޴ϲʱ䣬ܱӥͶЩ׸ˡüɾȵ˾׸ָӥأǼȻأͲױǷְɡܲҪǵʾɣ
ͨһЦΪʲôأǷģаţ⼸죬׸мҪһλҲԶֻҪҵ˾׸λˣһþ׸ͷ֪Ҫ鷳߻ǼλȭֻҪϢһҲӥǻӶضǵġ
٣绨һмҪ򣬶ʱΪ˷ܡ
үԴƿڴ˼ҵǹʹ㻹ô˷ܣ
ͨ˵ĺȴҪǼԸˣδЩ̫˵ȥ˰ɡ
Ҷ֪Ϻ겻ᵽΪֹ˵ģ⣬Ҫÿ˶ռ˲źãŹƽȻġ
ҶЦӯӯؿŶԷͨ͵̴Ĵָ޵أ֪ǳ֣װǰæÿ˳ʮƽΣ
ʮԴ޵һͷ
ɲСĿĹ龳֣ӶҲǺˡ
ҶԴһۣĵʥǰأһҲֹˣôôԳ
Ǯǲȱбô
УȻСͨЦǺǵصҺͨųµһۣıҲԸǾƷģЩǱġ
ʲô
ϢͨһЦκǴϢⶫʱɱȻƽ𻹹أֵǮ
һ㣬Ҷš
ͳŶԷô֪Լһ˵׼ȷ٣ԼǬϢ֪ͨǺϸ鱨ӡ
ȷһ¡
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Ҷ룬֪һڻû˵ʵкô顭
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Դ޵˶ЩգͬʱҲɵð
һ˲֪µǲ֪ԼΪ޷죬ȴѾ˷㣬׼ͻϮǰ֪һЩԼһϢ֪Ⱦ
ͨͽͬʱʧЦҡͷ
úúã͵֮εĻɡСӺܴԼṩϢϢ𺳣»ᱻǿӡɣ
ͨһĴȣЦǺǵվߵҶ࣬ѹɤ˵Ĵɮ֮һдʱԪµ;УѰ淨貺Сֻ㲻֪ǣʱѱˡȵռ˷ŶأӡķŰ඼ءٺ٣һȥֻȺ˰ɡ
Ҷ۾ٿȻɵԲвǲǴµĴɮ붼Լʦŵѣνʦѣܿ¡
ֱɱǣ绨ΪߣʱͲסҪȥ
ҶԴһѽסתźͨϢֵˣϢϸ
Դʵʲôط
Ԫ⡭
аռԺʲôˣ﷢ʲô£Ȼ貺ӡնˣ
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˭磿
ͨǺһЦ˵ʮˮկô
Ҷ۾һУ˵ҼҶʦɱȥʮ֣ɱ˷ɮ༪ˡһ㶣˵ʮˮկռ£ǸˣǱһƵˣ
ͨǧҪСˣ֪ģֵܹ±סӹ֡
лߣ
˾ҶȻͲס̾ˡ
ͨЦеؿȥԽǰһʵϢύµôô͸ˣ
ͨЦ£Ȼȴʦıأվ֡ɲͬҿóǰ;οɣҲⲻ˻øУʡȴǶֶ֣Ϊأ⣬⣡

Ҷ绨а˲һôϣǰһƬΰԺ
Դ޵ͷǰȥ̽÷ѩᱻɽ·ڣϣܹѰС
ѾʱȥɽϵԺûдһ죬ֻҪˣ⴦֮ز̫Ծ
벻ƬԺȻǵΪԺľ֮УǰΪֻü⣬֪ڽ䣬ٲһСǣֻסĶǺС
ֻӴ˵ؿȥĺȻԴΪֹ˿ǳˣ˶ǹŰ䣬д򶷳ͻ鷢м˺ȵ͵ԺﺨȻ˯
Ҷ̲סЦ벻ôԺֻдʲô۱ֲ࣬˻ῴд˵صİѡ


006 ޵
绨ͷصҪ˵ֱɱȥˣôһˣԭǴҽͽʲôÿģһ¡
Ҷҡҡͷ³çǵֹɮͶߣƺв˶궯ءҪҵ㣬Ȼٵݻľݵ˵Ĳ취һ򾡡Ȼ⻹ʱԣ֮£ʵ̫ǿûбҪ˷ʱ䣬Ǹ׸Ҫ
һûмܴ绨ʱյ̾ϢһԱ߾ߡ
ȥģҶʵ
򣡡绨ͷҲأԡ
ʱԺһŮӵľҶעֻ֪ĸһŮӣһ·׷ܵ˹㳡֮ϣʱɮ£ЦѵΧŪŮȡ֡
аһ徲֮أȴ˱֮ͽռݣΪŻ
ҶҲɫȺ쵰̫ˡҪ֮ȾѪˡŻ⻰ҪǷŵ˵ô˼ƫƫɱ֣ЩˡҪҼ˵һ»࡭ǲǣףأ
Ҷ컷ˣȴûз绨Ӱ
ɣҶаͬʱв͵̧ͷԺ
¡һ죬Ϊ¡ĴűһƬеȥļٺֱӱ˵£ֱӳֱӱѪһ±ĵϡãʣµϰڲҺ
ͬһʱ䣬һȴɲ
Ű࣬绨үүŻ
ϣϡ
˫˫ʡ
Ҷһվߣ̾Ϣ֪
аټһЦⲻǺܺô򵥡
Ҷɫأһ˿֮ȥĲԤѹͷüͳɤô򵥾ͺˡ

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ʮͬʱתͷ̳֮Уһλ׳ɮ˴̤׶ߵģ⽫ɮۼƣһˮĥȴѣȥаٰʮأۻ룬ˡ
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ร
ɮΧסŮӣǳ۾һ˹ȥ
ڳеļٺУǵһͬʱ
ле׳һЩȣߺˣҵҡ¡񣿡
绨һһᣬŲԶ۱еķʩ񣬵ϣյҪΪ࣬ɱ
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һۻ͵ըɫͬһȼ𣬶ʮװɺڵͽļٺǰһһոҽУ̲סˣ
绨ѣ͵̤ǰһ涼Ϊ֮һȣȵһϣ
ȺһģǽڰصĽͬ޴Ӭһ㣬ٿȻ䣬һ죬ʮٺУͬʱһȸı⣬޴ʯ̾͵ĵ棬ɷΧȫΪ촷ۣһƬɺ֮ɫ
绨пһ̬ۡ

Ҷаὣ£ֳҶ̲ס̾磬ôɱ
аһѪлԵŮӣ˵̫ңֻŮѹҲܴ̼
绨һʩչ֮ǰŷ̼ЩٺˣʶεŮӲûܵ˺ֻЩʬѪҺʱȴѪˮ֮С
绨ٺһ֣ܱ˻ǻűǿϰٱ
ɱ
ߵľڵע⣬ļٺдڵɱ˳ֻһգ۹򣬱ͷǰɱ˳
ҶĿĹˣʵǣ
绨һЦʱܵɱһ˵ɱ
Уȳ˵Ⱥ
ҶаΣֻųɱȥ

ݴǰ۱֮ʮ֮ϣŴĦһ㷢ʽЦſԶսĴ㳡ֱվŵִУ绨£һȣҫ׺һ⣬ǾڵͽͶĦ̵ӡգһߵĿݣ˫ֹǽ쳣׳ŨüУǴµͽ財
ʱǷĨĨص˫üһЦʥʹȻССƲ߾ЩͽͶֻǴʱδͺӰھͿɽһˡ
ͷһüͷһ壬ô꣬Ǵµô
ӡ˷ܲ廰ʦĪʧһοˡǴͷĺǽС͢ʸ̩Сʵ۵ֵܣ绨У˳ơɮıǣԱʹСһǡǽаһ˲ãͷġСɡҶץסˣǿɱҪõĶ࡭
ʲôСӾҶ˾
ͬһʱ䣬׳ģȻˡ
һһ죬Ӣò񻰵سڱڣȴδȸ
ֻ˫΢Уϸɨ±һۣȻдУҶ֮ǰϢȷǱӸˡԭΪͷǰϢˡǸϺꡣҲգץסҶֵеκһץסҶҲ㹻ʥΪ˵ˡ
Աߵ˺ٺһЦôȸֵܴͶʥţͶ״˵ùȥɣ
˵ùȥȸһƲЦҴʥлˡ
ңҡ
˵ǳݴ񣬾Ͳħûеλˡ
Դǧ׷ɱңͷһն֣һֱδñһںڵеĵλһǧɣһһסҷϡ
˲Ѫ˵أй۲ֶ׼
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βŵ淭Ҷ˵˹µ۾λãһɢԷĽһб绨˷˹ȥԴ޽²Զ͵˫ѹ
һֱҶ˫֮ϵһţγһִһų桭
¡
ڳ˶ǱһǿƷɵ˰С
а绨ͬʱͷŻγһ޴ţסԴޣóѾͬʱֱȥ
һ棬۵ħŸʧȥģﻹܹ˼нѵԴ޵ˡ
ҶһƣʱֳһɣԼɵľ޿ӣ湴µ۾˫϶ȫŤһݷĶ˫˶ſ򦣬סҶγɵ
˻֮ɣ˫Ȼγɽ־棬ȴͣʴҶԭԴɫ洦ڣҲ
µ۾ЦҶǵֵסħĻʴģҪʴùѪ⣡
ûô򵥣Ҷһһ˫µ͵һ䣬ȻɵĽɫٿȻɫͷһݣҲӨɫ
˫Ϣѹаľ̫Ԫ񹦡ġϵɢԷ֮ϵľתġľϵȾ֮£ðɫѿľϵ֮צͬ̽Ѹ򹴳µ۾Ϯȥ


011 Ժ
ⲻܣ
µ۾һôֿͬʱһϵأѵͲͻ鷢ôħȻҲ񹦣ҲӰ죬δμͬʱֵ
ħΨһܹͬʱתģҲֻħƵˡ
ҶùħŵĻᣬʱƣۼҪƿµ۾ķﵽ˵еĿģͻȻ춯һĽֱ屳Ķ
Ҷ
֮ʱҶĴҲһָ
ǡ
ܵԼʽҶһ
ۣҶѪǰб˳ȥ

ȻʧȥѹĹµ۾ץסսס֣ʳжָϽ͵ʧȥġҶȥ
һָֻҶЩˣµ۾һָҪǵʵԻ౬
ꡪ
䲻ݷ֮ʣ绨зأȱ޴ţ˾޴Ĵӣڹµ۾ҪҶɲǣȻ˹µ۾塪
飡
µ۾ʧԭأѣͬڷ䣬

Ҷ֮ʱ绨Ѿʩչħȷű͵Ϯ﹥ȥ
ҶʱûͷҲ֪͵ϮԼΟҲֻλµ۾ͽܣͬʹµ۾ֱǸƨһ
ոһɲǣҶ͹µ۾ֵĽڹϣռ˵˲ֹΟһ绨ҲˡۼȺħû׷ս绨ᰲĸа֮ززǼ͵ϮԼĹµ۾֣ŭգһվѾ飬оͿʼƣҪµ۾һػֻû뵽ȴûҶһ
ҶոյȺħͻȻֱҪѨ
Ųһ貨΢䲻ݷ֮ͬʱǰһһȺкȥ
飡
ӭħŸֱһɣҵһƬӰȺٿȻһӰޱȵرܿҶۻһ
Οߣ
Ҷ۾ֱǰǴаЦݣ˫ĿϸߵļһΟ˭
ǡ
ͬʱ绨תͷֻ绨ǱˣǰһģһΟ˫ʹĽͬɨػǹһ绨öᣬײ
绨ڶĽ޿ɱܣֻܻסײУѾ˲°ټΟߵĽˣΟʵ֮´в磬Ըʴֻܶ绨Ļȴԡ޺ȶ񹦡µıݻٲãˣҲ绨۵ֱ죡
绨ǱһģһΟԼߡ
ݣݣ
ȻʱֳߡòѧһģһΟеһλҶ쭽
ǰΟߣ֮ǰԼɵչɱһôһоŸΟߴˡ
ʣⶨħŴСΪΟԻ֮áΟߣһˡ
绨
Ҷȣ˵زɾߣ
绨ŭһǻشͬʱƴ˵Ĳ͵һ٣оۺôһٿȻ棬һѣ
ˣ
һ̫ٿȻըɸߵͣλΪģȻŷ˲佫ͣ׷绨ΟƷ˳ȥ
绨пЦһ㳯Ҷ֮䣬ҲһΟߵĴڡ
ɱһǻ˵
ۿΟȻ֮£Ӳ⣬ǰҶĴڣǱһ¿ƣһԡ
󣡡
绨֮󣬽Ųֱͣǰȥ
Ҷ˫͵һӣצ֡һСʽֱӽصʯƷ˫籩꣬Ǽʯ÷飬ͬʱ׷ħŸַȥ
ֳһƬ̳ƣʯҲΟĸͶӲ档Ҷ绨˽յɱ
ҶʩչṦһ·קṦõ绨Ժǽ֡
ףǸľͷأ绨Ĵ
ƿ绨ʶһȻ˹ȥȴٴαۼֿҶһץסȡ
һüĿ㡢޳ĺòĴĴɮ֮һ㡣
ʱһɨǰμʱѣһضŶ˳˵ɮ۴һӣڿնȥ
绨Ҷһۣæϡ

ڣһƬǽ塣
һģһΟҶʧķһЦһߣҶ벻Ȼô졭
ۡǰ򵥵ʩһΟߣҲ֪һġ
۹ʵһж
Ǹո˵ΟߣһȻңʦ
¡
ʱٿȻһ𣬹µ۾ͷɢسǰͬؿŵʧԶҶ̫ˡ˲šǰݵؽ磬໪۾¿Ƶĵ̡໪ζҪЭǳҶµЩֲã롮ǡɼ֣˵ʲôǻ뿪׸

ȥ
Ҷ뿪Ԫǰ˾׸ͲǱȥ׸Ƽʻᣬڴ˵ͬʱᣬӥҶ֮⣬зǸ󡢱ҡ˴ҵĸڴˣͨľҲո֣ټɼɾǹˡ
µ۾һǻָһ£׼׸
˺ȻӦŵ
ǰһʵ۾׸ǲ÷Ǹһ£ϾԸӥͬ
Ϳµ۾ͷ˵׿ǸŮ̫ʵˣҪǷһ飬ǿɾеĻˣпܰСϣҲδ⡣ûĽʲôôҿɲ뱻˵ǹʹ

һ¸߸ɽ֮С
Ѿɽɲ˵ر֮ӵԶ
ֻһеĽ߸ǣɫ£ȴ֪ںڴɨˡеĿȸɫΪҫۡµĻԲ龰
Ժ
Ȼ﹩ľˣһͭڴģڽëʨߴԻҩʦȺӵ𡣲ܽΣǣ˾е㲻һԺ
ķǰһ¯ȼŵ̴ľͳռ䣬˵಻Ⱦա
÷ѩȻУҵ˶ˡ
ʱһ˾ڴڵ֮ϣżϺΪϹ֮󣬶̾Ϣһ֪Ǹ壬û뵽ħŵҲû뵽ǻһͷײȥ


012 ž
˲ضһۡ
绨ʵǵõϢ㡭
ƶɮ뻢ô΢΢һЦϴĻߺ΢̵´гĳǶݳϼǷǳÿһȻԵõ
Ҫ˴˵̩ʦֵĸ롣
ӷʦˡһɫɮۣĵϺʩ񣬵ԺȻŲͬţͬǷŵӣԹۣǶͽ۷ء
˶һģн͵̩ʦǷС˷̾ڸɮϾչʦݱ·ʦƾҡ
ɽ֮иˡ
벻ԭʼ֮еԺȻоһĸִڣæ
̾һһ૵һεܿˣϣҶʩֶΣҴ¡࡯ЧܹﵽЧɡ
˿̵ҶѾͷ󺹣ǰԴѾȫԣΪ˷ֹĶӰ쵽Ľ̡
ҶʹõǡѨһϸţë룬Դ޵֮УͣߣҶʹáݡһ綾ֲԴ
ɢʯô˷κ˼õಡ
ˡݡֶݵˣѪҺвһֽ״ѪȫֻγɵʲѪ˨һְɫ͸Ķ乹Ѫơ
Ҷʹá컯סࡱά䲻ΪѪ֢״ȥ
ҶЩʱ฽ʩ룬ġݡ綾һͷţЩٶѪܵʣΪ٣ֲ˵ˣһ֡Ѫֺ
ҶָⰴԴ޵ؿڣԼȽѵѪܽӺãԼΪ΢Ĳ룬ʩչԭ޳һѪ޲ֺϡ
ʱ˽һչ⾰Ҷպϵ˫͵ͬʱָһһϸţëʱָ֮䣬֣صطŻһС֮ڡ
ЩʱܾĶҶһЯԱ⡣
ϣԴ޵ĺҲ˳࣬˸İֻҪϢѵȫ
߳⣬ѾȺʱ
Ҷһ޴ˣڲ֣ܶÿĵҩܼӿ츴ԭ
ûͺãа˵
Ҷ˵ͷתеɮˣҼֵ޷;棬ֻڴ˵ؾһʱա
⡣ƶɮѾ̩ʦִкʩﾲȫĺܡ
ˣл
Ҷɽɣһٻ³һշ̩롣
ͽΪҶʩУƶɮǸм֪ʩһҪôأ
ʦʲô㣿Ҷʡ
㻺ǰҶƽУԶħżȻ˼ƵƶɮϣƶɮȻԴУ˶֮⣬Ҫת£һɡʦֵնħ𣬿ϧһʱ𷨣統Ѫ䣬ħ׳󡭡һλȥҪʦδ嶼֮ǰĺá
Ҷһ㶣еһؼɻʵôʦҪȥ嶼ô
ӷˡҲһôҶʩ֪¾ڼƹͻȻټʮԪϻᡯ³嶼ٿű뵽
ʮ嶼ΪʲôҶʱһ
֪ʮԪϻӰС֣صгɴͬһ飬ôʮɾͱհ죬ǽ֮УȨ𡣾Ϊʮ֮ףҲֿ
ҶʣȻʮϻᡯΪʲôǸһֱûнⷢӣԸأ
Ϊ֮ǰʮɵͶƱûгǸȡƹѹƣҲ޷ðϯλķԡʱͬգǸ˷ˡ֮⣬šԺѹ֧֡
ʲôźԺôǸģѹôַ֧Ǹ󣿡Ҷһŵı顣ŵԭʧȥ˵Ҳʧȥ˱׺ָһƱӳɽ״ӣϢѹѣôͻȻתأ
ôҶʩϢҲڰ֮ǰѹľʦ̫͵ϮˣгѾָȻְ֮
ӡ𣡣
Ҷüͷ壬׷ʵǾʦ̫أ
Ѿʦˣ
Ҷʱôɵ
Լһ˵Ϣʵ̫ˣ׿󲻽Ҫھ׸ԸӥѾʼ֣Ը
ȻˣǸҪӿгˡ÷ǸʮɵͬʱӥĶ֡ʦҪת£һɡ˾׸˳μˮֱƺӣܿܵݵġ
嶼Զмˮ಻Զ
⡭㲻Щԥ
ҶԷǸԣȷòȷ֤ݣ֤һжǷǸıƣƴɣ²еûʵ֮ǰҲǸֱӳͻ
Ҷѵ̾ϢһʦǵķǸķӦߵýˣƱӰǸԴվӵжϡ¾嶼֮һöв´¾ͻֱԷǸĹ
οЦҶʩƶɮȻĳħǸ޷жڰ£ʮɲƻκжòأ
Ҷ˽ص˵ͷʦˡһΣֻǽ׸ɣ֤һ·ϵĻӦ漰ɽ飬Ҳ֪һжΪ˷ħŵ͵Ϯ
˼˫ֺʮлˡƶɮ߶ˡ

ڶһ磬˱̸׸
ѾͨϢԴȻнĸԻͣ͵ͨߣӦǴʱΪȫĵط
ԴҲΪͨϢûвħžУ˵ģӶþĽչ˺Դޡ
ɽдٶһ㲻ȿı϶١
н䣬ҶͻȻ˵İɣԴСӲµġ
һָɫһ䣬ɴ۾ŭȵʲʲôһᵣЦ
ЦҶɫؿ˹ʵа
ɫʱͨ죬һ˺Цؿ˹ֱҸطȥŰݡ
һֱԴ޶ôҲϰضԸǸһʱȻϰߣһ쳳ܾȻ߶ǸһԼò˼顣
ע⣬ǰ˹ٵˡеĻǰ˹
˶ʱɫһ࣬øӾ۾


013 ɮѰ
һɽ֣Ȼһɵɳ·ֱغبɽ´֮䡣
һ·򱱣ʱһС˵ǰ
ƽɳ
ƽɳ򶫱Ǿ׸ĵؽˡ
Ϊ˵ǺԪ뾩׸֮ıҪͨ·ССΪ֡
ѡ˼ҿջס£ڿջǰԺľƵгԷ
ǰǾ׸ˣʦʱ׼ֱȥôҶϣʵ
ˡƶɮͲ׸ˡ׸Ҳӣ´֮ǰ˶쳣ꡣλʩҪСġ
лʦģ
Ϊ֮ǰдϢ˶Ǳѹ벻ǸҲûţȻˡʮԪϻᡱʮɵİټ¥Ļ𣬵ʮɣ׵ֵĿȨǸб
ǵĵҲûŰҶ̲ס̾˿ץץͷƤ
绨йһЦʮصʲôҽžǡ
Ҷ̲סƲһЦʱһ𣬽զզؽһ糾͵Ĵ󺺡
ͷһһ˴ϵĳһ߽µˣˣþƺһӣүǼ
ϡ
Сһæϲˡ
׸·ϣﲻǴǹԭ̷ƽʱָҲʹһǿ
ˣͨǲġ
˺ؽ˹ӣмںƤЦؿŻӵЦ˵ļҵСϱƯļҵĹѸӹ󡭡һüб۵ļһɨһ¾ƹݣͻȻǰһҶһùĪǿ÷ѩ˵òҪ²ɣ
ԷվҶæѩᣬ˵ϵ׸ˣûĲǵ˭֪
Цؿ˿߹Ķ񺺣÷ѩߴһ۾÷㣬ǣء
Ҷ󼱣ҿɲ˼
÷ѩûһۣһףͽ̴֮Уֶ֣ŶţҪͲɾ͸ͷ
Ү÷ѩ֧֣ʱüɫ
ҶΣԼ㲻Ůˣܹ˭
֮̾䣬һζ̭ĺͻȻһУˣTMDλУǺСTMDС
δ䣬ȫסˡ
ҶһסˣһҲסˡ
һͣôǼɫⰡô˼ˣɫ˴ͷ
ͷĴ͵һӣTMDȺͺ¿еù꣬ӻָǶķɱķأȫTMDˣҴ򣡡
һ£һ£ȺԭĺӾͶ˹ߣ첲ӾҪˡ
СæȰһӸȵӵ¡ƹǸɴֱ࣬Ӷ㵽˹̨±ߣ͵͵Ŀ֡
Ⱥ쵰
绨ðɣƢǱ˶ðˣȻǷүòͷˡ
绨ŭ͵һӣĻûϣһӾɢ˼ԡ
ף
˲̧ͷֻ˫ð͵վŭTMDȺ˵ǼٵİȻͷTMDԼߣһӣ
ۡ
Ҷһھȫ˳ȥ
һ򶨵аıһҡͷͷ
һȺåһ㶣һǸⱲӶûľɫŮʱ¡
ۣɰС椸үһ
ͰȻǻĺܣҲ˱û˰ɣ
үֺֺǡ

ǸìܵѾͷȫڣɫ֮ͽ˶Ӷ
ϹôƯ
Ϸ
Ϊìܡȴͳһ⣬ӳɶ츮ݵүǣѾͷˡ
ֺ
һӣžžž
ϸܵھƹɢ
ϣҵᡭ
Ƕۣ
TMDǻӾȻˣ

Ŵӣÿ˵һ룬ʱڻĴү۵ÿ޳ᡣ
ӱʮ겻ߣ
ͷһߺȣʮ󺺲ֻӴܳȥ
ƽϢһϢһƨ˻ȥÿֵһͷҧһڣˬˡģⶾҩ˵ġǶһ㣬ͺá
ҶٺһЦûҴ𻰣ĵˣԼǵģϲСôӦ
ҵ˷һ˲ֻ׼˵ء
ͻȻ֮䣬綼þ
ûԱĽûƨ˻ûˡ
һ
ֻһ𡭡
ˣ
ÿ˶ǸİתͲÿתһȦ൱һΡ
˻ͷſڴȻһǱĲԭȴ˽ͨһԵڵأȴƴ˹ŷʲôˮ׷ŭŵͷжϣģȴûһѪƺܾǰǸư͡
ڳ˶֪ڸղţüб۵ļһһָ绨ƿڴġ

֣ƴҶ߹ɤУȴֻܷ죬֪ͣں
ҶٿȻվ𡪡
ݡ
һɹǺӵԴˢˢն䡣
ͷȥɾ룬ֱ֮ǰڵصĵСУеѪȴһζû
ÿµĹùĹ
ѽ
ոĵСͷֱӹǰֱ˫۷ף˹ȥ
üͷ壬ǰѹߵΣҵˣǲҪܣܳȥ׸ķܡ
Ҷʱ󾪣ʲôˣ㾹Ȼܣ
Ҷľţ˾ȻĶӵʵ
ӷ𣡡
ſڵ޷ԶٿȻ¶һˡ
㰧̾һˣˡ
쿴ȥ
һɫɮ۵ķɮʮ겻еȣӲâЬްڲ֮ͬɷбӡ̵ģϷ·بŲ䣬ͬľһĹЦݣ˾ĺ
Ҷ̤ǰһ㣬ʵѾöκ˵󣬿κǿУˡ㶼ɱˣ
ǷɮǺһЦ𡢰֮ˣ¶ó
Ҷ۾һУɷûɱˣ
ɮһƲףֻҪʩܰһƶɮƶɮԸⳬ꣬Ǽ֡
绨ƿڴʶԷŵԾӣǴô
ƶɮǷ˭Ǵңɮ˫һɣ磬Ҷ˷ŷǿĺ紵˼һ
Ҷд󺧣һԺ֣ɻʵʦ
ǾԼλ
аһ飡
ƶɮɮʩϺòЦݷ졣


014 
ʦ顣
ϵķѰˡ
˫ֺʲţӷ𣬷ݴ˵أҴ֮Լô
鵭ȻȻûʱһζһҲ˸Լʱˡһתͷ㣬ݵСУɻã
ӷɲѧİá
ãҾͷˣͷʩʲ
ǲ˽ܶڹϵͨˣֻ»ΪǶôгĳ棬еֻеΪΪ˫֮䣬пʱ֡
ͷһ¶׵ĺ󲱾ͬʱϵһ죬ֳͻȻֳһŰ׹⣬Χʮ֮ڡ
аһɱ֣ɱָ˽Ĳǹأɱ˵ʱ
ΪԼΪʱֱӶ֣
˾ռʮһɱľɱشλެĹʦһΣʮ֮⣬һΣȴǽǰ
аѵĽʵľ࣬ҫ۵ĽƥĽȴɲǼ侲ֹ
ͷδ̧ĴָʳָȴסаĽ棬ǺЦ黺̧ͷЦݴδı䣬ʮһɱ˾ϹͽôԵʦҲãлʦһͣƶɮܱչ֮ʱͻƣƶɮܴﵽ벽֮磬ȫҪʦ˾֮Ͱ
һ䣬һ죬һɹ͸˲䴫а
аɫ䣬͵˹ܣȴԷȻƥƿ޷֮ҪԱٴһɾȴƶȻǰ
飡
һֻٿȻƣаǰǽа绨پԮϴȻȴǽаײ˳ȥ
аȻδˣҲΪ绨İæûжнżһչٴη˶
Ƴ绨һۣ绨ɵͬţ˫ҲһƬȡ
ô
˫ۼʮ绨ȻϱССѹһ¡
ͬʱ绨մȾ˽ϴĹ𾢣ֻơһû˺һƤ;ȴǽڵȫȼʼͣط
ʲô绨һȴҲϨɻ档
Ҫһֹ÷ѩԡϵͬʱȥ˫˫ͬצһܹ뷵صаԷ
һȣһͬư㳯ȥסе·
鵥ֵֵסĹͬʱͷЦҵġ𡿣͵չţ
ͥŲҶֻ绨ֱһۣԷһġ𡿱㱻һŰЮֱۣһ˦һŽɫڿһǣȶʧ
ŵҶٴʩչԼһĻؾƽΪѲŸ湦
ٺ٣Сӣ
Ծ̲סҲ̾һ
ɱȻȷġ
𹦸ͺһޡԶ֡¬Ƿ࣬գ㡢а˵Ĺȫ⵲䣬֮䣬ǷȻɰת࣬ٿȻ
䣡
˹̼˿մ龹ȻڷȻʧ
ͬһʱ̣ҶռͻȻһһֻٿȻֱز
Ҷһæֵ˫ԷԺһƣ
Ҷֻ޿ɿܵĴӶԷȫһѪڣǰһڣ˲ĿС
Ҳκζڿն𣬺һ±ȽڿйɵҶһȭŶԷ󱳺£
˼״ɢƴ׷ɼ÷ѩ绨УҲ֮һġ
Ҷһбɣһ˾󾢷˼飬֪ף͵һƣ˫Žżһ㣬һŤÿҪһգʮơβκתϮ
ЦȭӡҶԷȻ߻񹦣֪ӵ湦öԷ
ۿһȭӡϣԷͬһȻתԼһȭԷյһ󴦣һ죬ȭ෽ȥһɿա
鵱ϣƼ٣ٴκѾתҶظ
ۼһڹ˦žһǣ֮ϡ
ȴԭҶת֮ʣɢ۷٣ͬرһϡ
һͻʵ̫죬ȻҲ˸
Ȼȫסͻһɱɽ˳ȥԭӦӡҶظƣֱļϡ
Ҷ˻һб顣
תȦйȥ׵ľ
̧۴ҶͷɢǱȴûܵκεʵ˺书ʽ֮죬ֱš
ҶһƣҺ߻񹦣ȥִҶı˷жȥ˴󲿷ֵɱȫһ¼мܹܵ
ϣ
ҶÿĹ绨Ѿһȫ޺ҫ̫⣬˶ȥ
÷ѩѩ񺮡˲䣬ѩ֣Լѩ֮Уϯȥ
ͬһʱ̣а߽һɮ
аѾɵУٿȻᣬ˫һУԷŵףȫһаʱҡһӸϵ绨÷ѩ֮ǰ顪ȥ
һΪаȫۣټеѽ˽֮ˣͬʱΪһǣֱǰ
Դ˽Ҳɫһ䣬ҵŭХһ¬Ƿһָ֣һ㣬ȫһָӭ

һ
Ʒѡ
аƺһ۶ڱѪһڵϣˡ
аһֶ֮Ҫرܣȴ书һָ֮Ȼˣֳ֮к˸Ӳ棿
¬Ƿ϶Ϊһһָ죬һָأЦϵ£ΨҶ𣡡
Ű࣡
绨нϲƽɫͬ޴ռ䶼ú죬𶯲ͣ
аһ֮ոսһѾظ֮䡣
߳
ָص˫͵ǰһϣٿȻץס绨һȡ
ռ䡰¡һ鱻绨һɾ룬˫ڵۣĲɢöɮ۶ɣ·ˡ

ЦٿȻץȲţҪ֮ʱຮϮ÷ѩһֱ򡭡


015 Ѫս
޵Уȴκθֶ޷رܵ㣬ȻԱ۾ȴһΣա
͹ȴ
ҫ÷ѩһϮǰ˲䣬ٴʩչѧʧԭء
С͵Ϯ㷵ѡ
˺ȻУվһţܶԷûĹ
ҶһСݺס˵аק˻롣
ȴϵسɾ֮⣬׿ԭأϢղ³֣ȫԪϢպöࡣ
Ҷһ϶Ҳ֪ۣϢ
ҶṦȫչɾգ۵˸ǰɽ÷֡ϡ貨΢֣аһˣλ󶯣ƴ֮
黹߱澭ȫԭʱ಻òжȻȥҶĹơ
Ҷʱʹõ书ΪΪĲѧȻҲδšȻʽƷãʽ仹н޷ǹץȵеľУ䷨Ϊۻҡ
ҪģҶʽ֮оȻн֮Ч
һȭոյԷһƣԷһԼֱۣ͵һתСָ̫ԨѨһۻҵžž£صһȭٿȻһ飬ȭͷȵȻɢΣһʱȴǼ
Ҷ˫ָɽʧȥ͵ն£鷴Ӧ죬һһͱҶѸַնһֻ֡
ʱͷðҶŹֵַŵòᡣ
һҶɳȥɾ룬أҲΣյĶһξ롣
˵ĹȴԶûҶѲ
Сӣʲô򣿡ָһ÷ѩһɣͬʱںʡ
ããɡɽ÷֡ʦͽһУҶƮɶٴοʼһֵô
ɽ÷֡ңɾѧΪڹԽߣ÷ֵĹЧԽͣȻƽɫƷɽ÷֡һ޶
绨˫ɮһڸ߿գһƽأչ񹥡
һ飬һ˿۴Сķ鴮ֱͬһһ鶥ţ
绨оҫ׺ޱȵֱԷؿڣ

鶥ϺһеĹδʵ壬ͱĻһ죬ٿȻٴץס绨ľȣ͵һקȵҹ
֪绨߾ʶһקȫͼԷǰҶĳ֣ͬʱټԻɱ
һûϵۿֱɲĴоȻˣС֮£ӦֶɣԷǿȻǼ
һ£׼ζʱƲסһ绨пЦһûȾûˣƣָֻץճɿȭ͵һ
䡪
һɲǣռһɽѹ顣
绨ʹһƣʮ֮һġɽơɣǲ˵ˣȻˣÿγƣҲãʼܽھڵ绨ڹѳӹеĸɮ࣬ҪƱƣһͽɽơ˳һɽѹ˹ȥƾ书ٸߣһʱҲͬɽѣƶ
æþȵֵԱһߣ֣
Ҷɽ÷֡һžҵ㣬ֱһ飬ȶʱֱҶȥ˳͵صͷ
ѽ
˫۽棬ˣȫֵһ
顪
绨һǡɽơ£˫һ٣³һ࣬Ҷȿͷ֮ϣٿȻͣ
һȣɵ֣ȥɵ֣ʮɵȥ·ߵҪȥšʺš߲ࡢСڷɵ֮¡
һǰԳһħ࣬ħȴ쳣ƽ
ħɫȼ𣬺죬ڣ𡪡
ÿȼһ⣬еƱһأɫĹâȼʱͻ죬ﵽ龳źɫΪ龳ڣɫ˹龳ڣ
½ѧħΪΪħһ֮⣬ħ֮γħ࣬Ŀħ࣬ħԼڷ࿹γɡħ𡱣ڼʱ֮ڣʩ߳ǿֲ
ֻ˹ΪΣգһѹסħ࣬߻ħʧΪֻǻۣȴûСֻ֪ɱ¾ħʶһΪѧײϰ
˵о书ʧȥǣ߻ħõʱĴɮ֮һоȥһѡ
ʱ״̬۷Уľ֣ȫ֣Ҳ˼ʶֽѧ
䡪
ħ飬۵¬Ƿʱ飬鱾ȫѪһɳ˾Ƶ֮⣬οƲסͬڵһ㣬ײᣬһ·̳һֱԶʮ֮⡭
ħ࣬ħķࡣ
¡
Сƹݲͬʱٻ
˻뿪סµʯס˵а
̵ģǷŰûУ
绨ӹҶľȣҪȥ׷ɱ
ҪкѣҴϢס˳嶯绨

ʮ⣬һƬ죬һ̳һգ¶ѪĿ顣
û绨ɴ˫ۣš
벽񻰵ĸ֣ôôҶһĭھջǣĵĽ
绨ͷԵص֣ٸһ£
ɫ԰ףЦ㵱ħôģһΣѾˣҪʹãֻ߻ħļʴʱ򣬲ɱ飬֮ɱˡ
һۣСϲһķɵֱڵ֮ϣɵ˳
ϲϸܵĵ̣εֱһƬѪģüͷգһ£·˵ĲԼֱۡ
ˣ
Ҷ˵ͷ˱صĶ࣡
һƲ죬ҵĵж
һЩίٵŶʱͦñֱĴ
÷ѩһۣһȺû
ӷ𣡡˫ֺʮƶɮ飬ҲðȻ
ҶٺһЦûǸɮۣ
ֱ绨ͻȻƿڴϻȻˡ
ľƣԴˡ
ҶЩæȵϽߣ˵ز˾Сħųû٣
ɱ
ʱֵͷֱɱһƬװʿֺ֣Ϊ׵ľǷͺۡ
Ҷҵܵܽһȣȴһָɱ


016 ͢
һδƽһ
ոȥϼһȻˣȴܴ˭֪᲻Ͷһ࣬Ż
ڳֵǺҺͷ踮ľӡԷȻѵˣԼһ˵й¶׸һУΣ֡
ƽɳС뾩׸Ҷһ˲ѡȥֻܳž׸ķȴеĸӻرܵ˵ĹҷҲ޷ھ׸ڴѲˣ𵱵ֵĲ
ߣҶһȣȳ˳ȥ
ԲѵаС
ǧƵľ˷ɱǽӹµ磬Ǵʱ£µһĸ֣ƵڴˣľҲ޷ͥŲĴݣôվŲȥɱҲҪĴ
ȴǵġ
ս֮صˡ
˫δӴǵصļ˹ХľȻȫרƻġƴ󡱡ÿһ֧ľ׳ִ̣죬ֳҺݣҶȫʢ֮ʱֵҲΪ
ڶﻹ绨ǿMTĴڣһȣ绨ǰȾɽɫоȺתͬһɫ̹һ㣬͵ǰƽ
ż©һ֧ҲҶ˻ȥδӽķ䣬ʱصľ󴮳Ǻ«ܼĶαһһա
֮䣬ɿգӰΧ˶ʱΧɱ졣
ɱ
绨ͬһֻ񱩵ľܣоֻһɨǰľǶϽֱۣӱɨ˳ȥײƬ䣻绨һɨ߲״ʬ׷죬ҵһƬ䡣
÷ѩΣ㣬ÿһʺðѪһѶľһһʽؽĵ˿
ôĵˣǲʺʹþļģȻЧӺˣȴ˷ս
˶Ϊ򵥵ɱ˼ҶҲ佣ݵո
绨ǰҶں÷ѩҡ
ĸΧűа㣬ɱ
ƾ绨֪ƣ͹ǰٶûյһӰ죬ֱƽɳ֮⡣
ߣ
һϺȣ̧ͷѾ˹ֹ
٣϶ͦûӰҶʧЦһһɨ䣬һУԭмԱλõĺ۶ʱһɴסԼ͵ԱһקһۿƲסεҶ
ۿһת壬ȻܲˣƴȫһųҶ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҷ֧ì米۾һ㣬ֻһΣ䲻ݷرܿ˳ìһ𣬳ì˵һìֲҽкˣ˫Ѫ죬ƹǾ顣
СʱһȣżѾҶš
TMD鶼ǴˣϼҶһȭں۵Ľģһ죬ֱɳȥʹధ
ղŵһ򵥽Ӵ۾ǱҶ˽Źǡ
ߣ֪ν
Ҷʼ򣬷⿴λҵ֮һ
Ա÷ѩɣΪʲôסȺǰ
Ҷһ㶣԰ôû뵽
˵ֱ꣬˸ֳָսķ踮ȥ
ס
ϵ۾ɵԲгһָҶһη֮ɫûС
ҶвףֳƺҲûʲôֱô͸ҴģϣԼָֻţ
ɱ
ⳬʮì֣ͬʱеҶͱһʱ䣬Ҷǹ֮ϣȥ

Ҷһ˫һչХ죬һС˫ȡˮʱһĵԴΪģܵһԭǹֱһɨɿգʮìֿѪ׷ɡ
ֳʱһƬǽ壬Ҷ˫أƵٿȻ䣬ҷɵľͻȻһâնֱ
Ȼи֣
ҶһŤת˲ܿһ
һڵҹľͻȻٷնҶ˫㡭
ɰͶ
ҶһΪʲôԼĹԭǰС׻ɰͶĹ龳ڴ
һɰͶܵסԼô
Ҷһ󷭣ܿԷն˫ļ˫£շֱɰͶȥͬʱżһ㣬ռٱٱȥ

ɰͶ˵Ҷġ񽣡ȴǱϢѣֹҶѾ֮
ۼҶҪǰȴͻȻ˫һչǰ˵ͷ͵رˣϵһٿȻһ˳ìֱָʣҶղٶȲĻȻᱻ˳ìš
ìڡʤСҲ˱߹ˣҶһЦˡ
ìڡʤСӶô˵ȻзǸ֣ԼǺۣҲ޷вЩ˵ˡ
ʤìЦҶһϷ׿֮棬ʲôߣ
Ҷ˻ض飬ԳЦҵ棿Цǹⷬɮֹᱱʿǲֵ棡
Ҷ̫˰ɣһЦһ෿ϴ˶ȥֻӡ®ɽʸ̩ȻվϣҶˣȵ˵Ĳ棬ǳ͢桭ѾΪʲΪʦɰͶΪ䡭ڶȣѹ֮泼ô棿
ͻȻֵġ®ɽ绨ĪʵôСӣ㲻ǱĿô
ʸ̩ɱһ˵ǸıʮôߺߣʦԳֽȣǸα͢кܹס
Ҳˣ
ɾʲôϢ
ߣߣ亹ֱðߴ١
绨ͺһٴȥ
ɱ
ӭͻȻĵһĽͬʱס绨ȥ
Ҷ

绨һס˳ʮĹҲŲģʮལжҪ̱㱻ƣڡ޺ȶ񹦡㹻ǿʮལʮ׺ۣȴûдһƤ
üһ񫣡
绨пһٴϣ
Ҷɨһۣʱüͷ壬ĿϤǵֽķʮ̫еĸ֡ս͡ˮ죬ý֣ʹõĽҲͬһ·Ƿʮ̫еһԱˡ
ˣҶ̸УҶǰ壬绨ǰ֮ƣͬʱ绨ȵŴңȰȫ뿪ΪҪ
绨ƺߺߵصͷһְаıģסԷȻһʨӺ𡿣ٿȻţʮɷΧڣƬٿȻѪʬصһأԶľʧǣ֮ʧķģҲǴڡ


017 ֶξ
һ˲䣬ǧʧȥս㡢÷ѩĸ֣༫Ϊ֮⣬δܵص˺
绨һΧ֣ͨ䵱Щھеĸ֣ȻԳԭ͡
绨һĿ֮󣬶ʱϲ͢ثҲ⣿
͢һЦͺ¿ҪժԴ
绨Ҷڡĺһʥصķ͢ȻҲȺУŻ
λ˵ʿݺҶˣյأҪϧ壬Ҷ֮о͵ɥ֮֡͢
Ҷķλ˵ӷ˵书Ȼ޵ΪͨҶ˵׷ɱҲ͸¶ĻŹᣬҲԷĸΪҲпǷǸΪ
֮йеоѾвԭֵİΣ볯͢ķѵ£Ƕ¶в
绨͢ȻǺ޼ŭУ񹥹ȥ
ֻҶ书µķ绨ȵȫȴֵһµ˼ûУɫˣͬʱƵֵĸ
Ī׷Ҷ绨³ç£ʶѡ
͢λԼǿУҲڵˮƽͬйȻͻﻹᱻҶ
֪
绨ʵŭһоһգʩչΤƷеһУͷȷɳͬشѸޱȵغе͢
ҶһѽǣҲˣ
Ķأ绨Ȼ
ҶԴֵܾ˽ʮϵڸ绨СΪС׽͡ϴ辭ؼĴڣƾǿʣȫǴĦһ㽫ʮڻһ໥ͻ⡣
ҲΪʲô֮ǰ绨ʹʮɽơԭ
͢ûϵ绨ôһ֣˫ĿٿȻɴϮ֮ʱػΪһỤ̃Լȴʧ
źȻҽȺ֮УȻһ죬ֳһƬѪɣ˵
üһҶ̲סһ̾ǰȴߵҶÿ
ٿȻȴ̫Ҷӵ̬ȴΪջͬʱȫҪһɫ
ҶתͷһЦλѣ˲Ҷĳ춼֪ɱ˭
ҶȻ¡һݺݣİСĽʹ
һ΢΢ġͷñĽɭȻ¡Ͻ𽣡£̸У
ҶЦȻạ̃
һ䣬һȣҶ˽һȻ䱬һŹâŭκ˰ȥ
˵̫סҶһȵʤΧ˺֮ȡ֮ʱԼҪϲ֮ͬʱӭҶ
˫˲û콣Ӱ֮С
Ҷ˳ȥ޾޾壬ֻзŭ
̶ʱڣѾΧÿһλԱڲ࣬ߣֻܿҶ鼫ȵӣ˿һһ򱳺Դ޾ͻĹ龳ֵȫѾȫߡ
ǰֻǰǰ
ͣЪţȻ󱬷

ܼĽ˫ڽâпٽ֣ٽâ֮էȻֿ˫ѾʱС
ڱҶ佣ʱ֪ףֻԷޱȣĸ˸ֽܵȻͬԣڵȻȫҶޱȵƣʱֵס
˵Ĺ估Ҷʤ˶࣬һӲȥ˶Էڵֱͬʱʩ׵ַͬʱҶǰأٲǰ
ҶȻ壬ֱ佣͵ػһԲȦб佣ϡһϣӭİѳȫһΡ䵱ɡָὣʱ˴һ
ͬһʱ̣ҶƻԲһСʮơġΪͷŶ˻ŭ𣬱ѵȻ˳ȥ
˵Ĵ̫ﵽҶĻôһֲסԼ˵ĳͬʱͳһƣ
˾֮䳶رҶεıֻͬʱֻʵƣڼݵҧͺȣ볯Ҷ;׵һƵ
䣡
̫һҺߣѪ˴Ҷõɿȥײ䣬ǶϽҽ˺Ȼʮֵһǽ֮ϣһѪŻڵء
ܸ뵹һʮ֮һġìڡʤҲһŵı顣
ҶսʤˡצһȻǴꡣ
ֻ͵ҶʱҲǺܲܣ̫ϵķ֮弤ò㾭ѣѪҺˣо飬еĄxǣ߶ܰޱȵȥ˶ԷǼȫ
Ҷһ龳֣ǰһʱ侹Ȼû㹻ʵĸ赲ˣ÷ѩһ洭ϢҶȳ嵽˶ǰ棬̫Ǿϡ̫ѩһʱѩƮɢ׵ľʱе糺ǣ֫У˵轣·÷Ѿ
Ҷ쳤ؾóϹָ壬ͬʱһץסаֱۣϵҪعȥ޲аڵˡ
аƺҲóĻֶָΣԼȡ˹ƽʱٶȷתͣ޲ࡣΣͷа֪ʱȣȫ޲ƣͬʱҲֳ˵ľΡ
ʱҶϵĹ䣬а˵ٶȵʱѸʮ࣬Ҷܵõ˶ãԴ޾ͻʱƻȬ߳ң˷ֺ
ɱ
÷ѩĽһϬ᲻ʱ֧Ԯǰȱٵ˸ֵ£˵ٶȶȻѸޱȵس嵽СıԵشһ·ͨسС
أأ
̴ٵĺŽԭ׷ͣľٿȻ󳷻С֮ڡ
˵ȻΪ˻ʹ˷ŹǣԷȻֶεԼһˡ
ȻŽٴȴǴСһ򣬾ڹٵСɽ֮
ﳷ
Ҷһȣһ䣬־˹ȥ
ʱ濪ʼͣزԶСɽº¡¡˳
ҿɣ
תͷȥɽɽһȻÿ˶һףȻҲֵͬìÿѱ϶ҫĹâȻǱװ
أأ
һ̺Ž׶ƣƽԭϵҶ˷ǵٶȣԿҶ˽֮ǰסǡ
ǿߣ
һѽϵаƸ绨һ飬㳯Ⱥӭ˹ȥ


018 ǧų
Ҷһ˲ҪʲôʦҪ
лͷŭ𣬡Ҫ˵ģ
绨һ㵲ס˵Ҫа¡
ʣҪ֣˫Ŀͨ죬˴δ˿񱩵㣬⻹ǸĶţô
ߣ߰гһ㶣˻ȥ
绨ҪȣҶаһۣһҧһߣ
˵곶绨˱㳯зɱȥ
ͷֻԽǧݶȥһ飬Ĭ𾭡
˫Ѹӽۼɾ룬΢ص˫ۣ͵𣺡ħ࣬ħذˣ
͵Գһħ֮࣬ؼɫʶһ˲䱻ħգر谵ɳʯ˫һ飬鴮ѣһ˿ŷƮħǰִ䡱ȶħ˫ǰһƣһ˿ŷ黯Ϊһ˿ǣ˲ӭȥ
飡
һʿ׵壬ڱǰķײ֮ʱͬϿ׺Ϳ类ƵľƿȻ飬·ɢǿǷδκӰ죬һλ
һ˿ᱻķ飬赲ɢס׶ͶеӣֳһƬ찵أ˵Сڵĸ·֣Ҷһ˶޷浽׷ʲô
Ѫ飬ֳԿ϶ǣҵʧأвҶˡ
˫ǰƵƣɫôδйĲ԰ףһĨѪ˫ͫײܿƵرС۰׷죬߻ħס
֮ǰ飬ʹѾ嵽˼ޣ֮սˣʱٴʹһУʱܲס˱
ڵƵûУħ֣ɱڣʶͿҪʧȥ
жѾƵǣ˵״ʱֿųɱ
ʧȥʶ߻ħ˲䣬һɫӰٿȻ֣Բһӣ
ϵĶٿͷͬʱ壬һ֣ƥսϥϡ
ͬʱһ㾱˶ʱȫػ˹ȥ
ɳսס˵ߣֳֻ֮ʣһƬǽ塢ʬѪɫɳУȴǲ֪ȥˡ
ѵģʲô绨ʵ
ѾУֱԵʱ׼ӦеļˣĿɿڴؿŴʱĳء
ҶҡͷңҲ֪
أء
СдŽԭѾĸ·֣ڼǧʹȫû֮󣬸㲻ԭίǣæѡȴ

ʧ٣ǧ౱ĸΪ²ɫʡ
˭뵽ĸֲУλ˭ȴԴ顣
ҲΪˣñҺͷǸ˲׷̫СìڡʤڣҲǲҷֹ
Ҷɵؽ˾׸
ȻҲûдҡڵؽǣȥ̽Ǹɱǵĵԡ
Լõĵص㣬Ҷҵ˺ͨ
ͬ˵ԴޣаԼֳѵܣּǵŮᣬʱãʱЦаܼж֮УҪԴڶߵ룬ô󻵡
ƺҲ֪Ҷ˵˾׸ҵõ˺ƹʢ룬׸ۣһʱɽ¥ζ
׸½峯Ŷǧųǣ۹ģһҲ嶼С
ͨҪÿڣ˵ǺͨĸڵأģӴĲҵռ˾׸Ҫֵ·֮һ
ûʵľ۱ϣͨеƷŲ裬һĿ÷ѩϲֳϣչ˵ţֳΨҶ绨ձڶס
Ҷʱüͷ˵ƹ֮ǰĽǲӦô¹滮һ£ϾҪ͵ˣ⿿һˣ޷񡣡
˵ʵԴ޵ˣҪҲǺͨϢɿħŵʱҶˣҲ˵ùȥ
׸¤ҵĴӪȥ͵Ҽͨ߷С檵廨Ь£Ҳܸɳ
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ͨ˵ǰ˴գҶЦǰٱϵ룬Ͳ߷С檵ЬС
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ԭˣȷҪˡǼԼ͵룬ָôõͨϵǰԿأ
ҶɵͨͨЦеؿҲӽ͡
Ϻ꣬϶еף˵ͨͲҪӡ㲻˵ҲʣͿ㵽ʱô
ľͷĲƬ
Ӧòþ͵ˡͨ˵˵ʵҲֻƴȫĲƬ֪ġͼĿȱҲܶ϶ͨǿж󡣡
ȷˡ
ڣǿ顶ͼƬʣµǿ顣
ϳܹ֪͢ͻȻõġͼ½˵Ծ޴
ͼΪʥԴȶϷ壬Ϊϳ͢ȫ򱱣޴ףͬ
Ϊһ㣬ϳ͢϶ɳֻͣȷһʧ
һУڼڼ
ҶһŻһתʵǺƹϵǼ£ֽеأѿǵ˾׸Уӥ٣֪ƹϢ
ӥ쵽ˣͿˡҵλѣǺǣҲ쵽ˣϢ׼ȷգͽﾩ׸Ϊ׼¡صдᣬ֮󣡡
֮󣿡绨һ㶣֮ǲͨϼһһٶʮô˭
ھ׸죬Ҷ˵ϢٲͨҲ֪պһʢᣬ˵ͨ磬һΰ˴ҾۻҪϣ⣬˴ҵļпԻҪǰ٣ٿһش顣
ûǸʱ򡣡ͨЦ
Ҷüͷһ壬Ȼʴƹλѣԩң϶ͷһλأ
ãʱҲ޷ֵͨʧ°ͣ¶ɫǡħڤ޵С



019 
ڤҵļʮλ˴Ϊصһλ
벻ͨĳоȻ
뱱ڤ޵жԿҶ˿˴ȫˣҲζŽϳ͢½ȨƵһ˷ֵ
Ӱ죬ʵ̫ҡ
ʸ˴ң¤ϣԭڤӴϣ˾ͽ𶫷ϺϹĽݡ
¤ԭԩҶͷͨΪܵһԡ
ԭڤӴϺͷ˾ͽĽΪڤҽ׳ѹȴϺ˾ͽҵռ䣬ǿսԹȴΪ˾ͽ𶫷ΪܣԿڤ
ǵ˾ͽûз֣붫ҵҲ˺˾ͽį˾ͽҳߵֱԭ
ϺϹңˣԭǰ˴вƲΪۺһŰ̵֣Ϻܾ޴Ȼλ˴ެġûȫϹҷôȴ˲٣ȴϹ˽ǡ
˴ңشռңϹдƫԶΨһϳֱ͢ӹϽģֻйյĽˡ
ĽҪϹۣ׽뵱λ֮С
˴ң֦ͬһپ٣һ
һ¤ҵͨ٣˴ҵ룬ͨŶԸڤ޵УǾǲ¤ӣǶ԰˴ֱӵս
Ҷ˼һҲûʲôʧȥģҲȻͬ⡣

ҹʱ֣Ƶߡ
Ҷڴ̨нԲ
ЩʱΪռƵĽһϦֻ֮صԭ㣬ƺ˱ø࣬ƸΣգԽԽصİ˷Ƿϡ
¹֮£ͥԺ
ʱ÷ѩӯ紵ϵĽ׵ĵ£ѩ¹϶Ϊһ¹еӣŷʱȻȥ
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ҪôҶʵ
÷ѩǳЦӨ·ϵɫܵս
ҶĻ׳ô֪
÷ѩӯӯ˫Ŀӣ㣬÷ѩһ죬ͷȥ
֪ʦżĥѣΪѹӣܲȥ룬Ҫǵľʦ壬ͷʦš
֪֪
Ҷס÷ѩ֣þòϷɡ
Դӵ֪ʦ̫˲֪ѹʦȫǸ֮÷ѩȻ˵ĵĽȴκ˶ܿüġ
ҶһֱŬἰ£֪ӱܲǽİ취ֻԡ
ҸȥҶһ˵
ôˣΪȡʲôȴߵҲҪԼĹģҪѵԼİ˾ͲҪô
Ϊ˱ˣͽ´壻˰ˣͽжŮ鳤
ƾʲô
ҶΪԼŮ£Σ
÷ѩҶִůг˻ҶҹС˼˲ֵ˹ȵס
֪벻㡣չԼȥǣҶɽֵܵ£һȥֻϢ˵ؽѹ»ع;ó֮ŭΪ˱˵£ԼΪ촷ۡ
Ҷ÷ѩܼ֮䡣Ϊ٣÷ζκʱ֣ܱûΪ֮ѡ
૵Ҳߡϵ£ȥɣ죬һ졣ֻҪǲֿ
÷ѩļ΢ЦȻ֪޷һϲ˵ĻΪرģɵͷǸŮû
Ҷһ÷ѩøˡ
ҾͦáôģôҪӦңһλȥһҪգʲô飬ͽϰǺˡѹ飬ߣϰǾԲβܵġ
Ҷ˵ЩͻȻһεЦЦʱҾȻģǱ˵¡
÷ѩ˲Ҳ˲ԼḧĦÿֵ˵ʶ
оϸָḧգ֮һ˲䣬ҶȻ޵ĸо
ģ˵촽ӡһֻĽӴȴ۵Ҫܻ
á֡
뿪촽죬㡣
ҡҡͷŴݡ
ѧ˵𣬶ҡںֻ㡣
÷ѩ˽񺮡΢Цת
㣡
ҶĶˣֻǶݵΪʲôôܣ
ҪһΣ÷ѩܾúܳף㲻Ҫңһ᲻ߡ˶٣ҲҪˣߡ
˵꣬ͷҲصس˷䣬Ӱ£ʧ֮䣬ᡣ
ҶĿ÷ѩȥһһյܡ
ħţǷǸеĵˣǵĴڣԼ÷ѩٴηֿ
Ȼʹ࣬ȴģһٶȰ£ԾٶĵˣԼ÷ѩٲȥԷֱʹࡣ

÷ѩȥϢȴҲû˶ʲô
ҶɫĿҪˮ绨ҲĲˬ˭˻ʱùͷأ
ʲôʱ֣ҶҪúõķйһ
ƫƫͨң˵ֳͨ谮߷С檣ÿҹֵʱ䣬ڻδء
ʲôʱ򵽣
֮ͨʱС檱ϾС檣ϲ̨棬֮ͨգأͨͨﵩͣģ֮ʱ
֮ͨգ㲻ҪǸʱұڤ޵еıŤô
Ȼ
ҷ
ͨЦǸʱа취ȥ¡ͨ٣ҲУҲĻᡣ
Ҷһ
˼֮ϣ˼ҵĳӣ͵˼ҶôֻţԼҲóսǲе̫ˣ
ͨϣվȥ
ߵҶߣοļ򣬳жѶȣȫõ
ҶźͨȥӰ׷ʣʲô
ͨͷҲأ˰֣ƣΪʱҵɡ
Ҷ
绨ǰʵʲô˼
Ҷû˵Ѷô
Ѷ
ҶվŤŤӣɭȻǣҶԷȥܣ
绨һܣʱ˫۱øͨ˵ĵһ
ȥģ
ҶȥһߣһߵȻȥĹӣĳԱ˵
ϲ绨ʱϲ
ʱ֮Ҷ绨Ѿ˾׸һҾ¥¥ٽֵİ֮ڣǰǾ׸ֵ֣Ÿش
绨ȫעһ˼طڶԸζ֮ϣҶȴעһ˼ط˴֮ϣЩӵָܵϡ


020 
ǧųǣʢ
׸ǡгǺڳɡڳǺгλеı룬ɽΪҪ۾ǣҡ湰ڳǺгǡеΪ磬󸨣
ڳǺг˳ȨڵľΪվ۾ĵطв֡
ǧټΧ֣ʮֲ
ǵݺʮ֣ݺύذڲΪϰٽַйᴩ֮ϱֺֹɾ׸ڵĽͨɣǵ嶼ֵ֣ʮɣ·䲻ֵĿģ
⣬λгǶϵС
ݺ֣зָɡεľŸÿٽ֣ҵĵٽֶ衣ÿ֮ڣСڲͨСΪ׸ֵĵط¥ʳٸͨӪҵΪ׸ҹķʤء
Ҷ绨ʱͬʱҲǾ׸һҾ¥¥кԺȡʴʱ䣬׸ڷ羰ѵľ¥ϯпճӣֻԤĿδ
Ҷ绨һˣеƹŵСһĵؽ¥˸¥¥λ͸Ӹ£ܹֵϵľԼԶͨμˮˮ
¥ѾΪ¥֮⣬ƻͬӳյ磬صͨС
һʯźϱһţȥ֮󣬱гǣǸǾסҪ򣬲Ϊ׸ûս£ָǺгǵľŵų˳ͨ裬Ϊ֣׸ڽ¥ĹݣȫʱЩˡӵǳѰֵʱ䣬Ҷڴغ򣬲ҵµĶ
Ȼɫʯвˣ֮ˣһڻкáҶؿȥֻСʱϱسһǿ彡ǿƼūӭ浲·Ƶ
·˸ŭԣһԣһһӵǷӵŮŮ¶ʮˡ
Ҷ۾һͷͿһδˣϹҵϹҲЩ죬ǵǴ޼ҵĴ޵죬ݸߵҵ͡ŮҶһҲʶ
Ѿ֣ҶȻȡ
ӣ绨׼ɻҶҪһȺ˵¥ãһͦΣżú׻ߵʿɫƤۣһ䵶ΪĿ
˲ʮ꣬סŮ㽿۵ϷŽĺΣںͷ԰ŷ٣Ӣΰˡ˫ӥ߱ĿģֻѪ˧ĸֵĳ˺µ࣬ܶκζֵʵ
˴磬ҶһƳȥ֪ͻˣ䵶˵Ǳҡǡɼһĵֻ֣ôҲӦͷµġ˴ӡ֮һΪ̫ᡣ
ģ龳ĸ֡һ˹ͷۡӲһͷɢ׳ɽһƺ䵶Ҷ϶Ƕ˱ǡǡİ˴֮һ֮켶ıҸ֣ڣΨհҶдΪ棬˱Ǳһһܽвǵĵأ
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˭
ͬʱҲ̧ͷԽǧˣ˴һۣǳȻѣŷ֮⣬ȴֶ޾Ȱ񣬶Է΢΢һЦ崺磬κζ
ͬһʱ䣬Ⱥҵĸ
ᣬΪװ磬˸о
ԭĽУֻһϡ
ɡҶ
ֲ³ҶݣıҸϳҶλյԭﲻͬвٶš׻
ҶЩҸֶеעĿȻв˶򣬵Լ˴ҳͻûʱЩҸ֡
Էһʮˣ¥ݿڣҶ绨ǰҶΪ׵꣬һЦ
¥ݺܿԷȻ˶࣬һӣҲԹȥ
ҶִöԷ·ľٶҲȷֻδһȻؿҶ
ֻ˫һͣ˾¥ϾƿǵעȤؿ˫ţ˿ǻ
һɱҸֶʱðͺͷĿĸָŭסĵѣʱ֣ܶûԼӵķԸǶλԭأ
˶ҶҶҲŶԷ
绨ɶͷԣȺһţɵЩǲ𣬲Ŀ龳ϣȴһȤģ
˫ţƽţƫƫǶһƵģ
˫ͻһʱͻȻȻһЦòزһԣһڣʾ·
лҶȻл·ղŵĶŴδһ㡣
ŵƺһӷֽ⣬Ҷ绨Ȼ¥
˽ҶıӰ¥ʱͻȻҶҪս㣡
һﾪȫ
Ҷһڣ¥Ȼ
½룬пܵϡ񡱣ͬʱԶʮһͣҲǡ񡱴ǧһλ֣Ľʮǰļ¼ʮ꣬һ롣
ţ˫
˭һ÷ɣ
ǣ˭ָð
Ҷ֣ǰɱڽдġʽı伫٣϶ħšа̡ڵɱУɢţİյУҶնħҲӵкɱ
ÿ˶̧ͷ߿ҶĽ֮ͷҲûأ˰֣Һæģ
Ҷ߳¥ʼնûʹսߵݡ
ʧЦԱ߸׳ɽĸæѹɤвա
һĶ۹ͷҲǽͷ
˵ȻŵãҶôôޣ˵
۹ͷġ޹˾ԲС֮ǰǡӥͺӥʩɽܣǡ׻ɰͶ³Թʦ˵Ӳס
һ׳Ĵ󺺳˵ĲҿǵĵȴʦֻǶʦֵˣٶ᲻٣
΢ŭͻ࣬ҿңΪҸսҶǾΪұȲôҪˣԪ˶ԭҪˣǱòšǡ֣һֵܴڣ


021 
Ҷ¥ֱ֮ʯš绨˷ܡ
ǴžĸȺëƵģҶҪ
ҶûҷԸ㲻֡
Ϊʲô绨ʱ󼱡
Ҷ磬̫أȺ˲Щ竣ѵһ¼ɣҪǶԸǱҡȵа˴ҵĸֵʩΪ
˴֮䣬ҲУǸزûҪͨ뱱ڤ޵֮䣬֮вȷԼһŪӰ̫޴ˡ
ҶһȺӵ߹ȥһʲôҶԷ鷳
ʱȺոŵ竵ƺʲô⣬һΧȥǰΪ·Ķūû׼á
ǸΧסĳڣһȺ׳ĺĵע⣬׳ǣһȺһͣתȦȺһ󾪺ͻ֮
Ҷк棬绨һ༷˽ȥֻһۣüͷ塣
ֻЩģѾ˵ˡ
⼸ˣеû֣еûнţеֽŶˣֻʣµֵ㣬һһ㣬һֽȫûˣſֻͣͣ˻Ҳᡣ
⻹мˣǹ졪
һƳ飬ȫ߳ֻ¶һɵЦԴԴϳͷϡɲ԰ףȴһŶͯ
ˣ㶼˫ϥϣȴڶѵĵطһֻ˫·һͷĹ֩롣
ˣҲߣֻǱһ𣻸һˣ֫ؽڣȫתȫˣ۴Ŀʮֲֿ
ڹǵľУչһ죬дšչ֣˲ܹȻһʱͬʱ׷ڶ
ЩΪ˼࣬ΪЩ̫ͬĴ󷢵ضһЩ
Ҷһۣа̾ǰԼҲϼȻεǵĺǿΪֻϼʶ󲿷ʱֻǸ̾һ£ҲˣԶûдʱۼ𺳡
Ҷһ̾һ˵ĲƽЩʱļ˲Ϩ
绨ǸḻĴУͣ̾ǲ
½ǴҶͷһͲʮͯ˫ϥϣʣµĹڵߣƿĥ¶ȴĥѪģ
к˫ĿֻǼҶžе룬˼ҪǮơ
ҶͬķģŻУͳһƱУ̾ʱϴĲ࣬Щ㹻ǻˡ֪סͷһλ̽ѧЩգúʤʱ룬衣
ҶϿңкһ£˫¶һ˿жɫȻͷ˿ˮ
ҶסкʵСֵܣʲô֣
каɫһҶָָϵͷ־ŷ˵˾䡰лл֮
Ҷԭͳڿкѵͷ֮ͻȻסŻȺĵľ׳ǡ
ͬʱЩҲ˳￴Ŀͳƺкûʲô顣
ͬ飬ͬʱÿһ³ҪǮƵĲмͯһרŵĴ󺺰۹۲죬ֹСйĽ
ҶĿÿмͯɨһͷҪǰкЩ飬ˡ
һкһæȥҪǮơ
Ҷӣô绨ʱҲҶ̲סʵ
ҶͳɤԸҲ´ˣ򡭡
ʱһ˫۵кǰϹһͰڵ·ÿһ˱ƴؿͷ
Ҷǰæк£סԷ˫۶ϵĵط
ʱһ͵س˹µιţʲô
һȣʱΧ˵ע⣬ֻǿ֣Ⱥӵһʱһ亹
͡޵졢Ϲϵ亹ʱͳˡ
Ҷ
ôò鷳İɣ
ʶҶＸԺеһ뷨ӣϹҪ뿪ͺʹ޵ŸϿعңҶֵϢݻȥ
Ϲ˸һͬųסЦϹɣʱֿôҪˣ
Ц˵Ŀɲǣ⼸˿Ȥβһ¡ϹҺųƵһƸңСǮͲ˰ɣ
ΧӵܶʱʧЦ
ϹȽϼѣ˴֦ͬԭŽžۻҳְææȨԸԶϺ˰̵Ϲҡ
˴Ҽ䣬ͬˣҲ໥˳Գǳ¡
Ϲɫʱ࣬Ҫŭȴͺʹ޵ס޵ֵԲϹ֣ĪҶͻȻҵѾԱͨ籨ţ￴Ҫʲô۶ӡ
͵˵ĲҶͷӦòǳǶ
ţͳ˵λǱߣҪˣ
æתͷϹ̩ͷҶһۣǵ˵ͷ
ʱҶڷŭıԵ俴ŶԼľ׳󺺣ʵ˭İͷ
һ㶣ŭСӸʲôǰͷڣҲ㡣ҪͱͣǲͲҪʱ䣬֪һҪôҪӣ
Ҷ˫ۣǿϵģ
׳󺺶ʱһֱӰε֡ҿһۣ˶ɻؿ֪ŭСӺ˵˵ʲôǻƣչЩмˡЩӣмϴġ
Ҷ䣬һֱԱ߶˫ȵĺӣʵ˫ȣҲǿϵģ
˫ĿһɱӯȻСӣƻôǿʿܷܸɳ顣
ܱݶʱͣʮ׳ΧЩмʿ¶ı顣
ԷȻʮ֮һĵӡ
ﵱµһؤΪ츨ڻʵۻʸµǻй죬Ҳ˲գˡʸ족ǡʮľ֣С֮ơ
ӰټͷȻҶʶ졣
ҶֻЦһһָ֮ǰСкɭȻʵͷҲǸϵģ
٣ҪǾ׳̲סŭ͵һȭҶıӣݺᣬǸĺ֡
ԷһȭҶǰ߾Ļ֮ϣҶһδֻߣһ𶯣ѵʱ
׳ǴָǴƣСۣϱۡȻϣӡ顱һѣѪ
ҽ𣬴ſſͬѪɽ󵹵ˤ


022 ս
ǵؤʼգиеǾ֡ͬǣǰؤֻǿſõĴ磬ƺߴһ㣬ǲȡͬġ
Ҷǰ˵߽ȥĹͯ²УȻ֣ȡͬģʱѾߣ벻磬Ȼ˵飬еķߺޣ֪
Ҷһ֣Աߵڶྫ׳ŭȣǴʧɫ
ŭǾȻ˸Ҷﶯֱ֣ǻòͷˣǾǣԼͬŵֱ۾Ȼֻϣ־ԲǸ죬Ⱥ˼һ飬Ҳ˼ҵĶ֡Լϴǰ׸
ȺˣͬʱǾսüĿĵʿһѺ
ﲻֻǴ󣬲ֻףǰԵ
ǰַģǮҲˣ񣬴Ӿ׸嶼ǣٵߵĴϱߵӦ츮ߵ̫ԭΧ֮ڣĵҪǮ˵ͱˣпϢؾûˡ
Ҷһˣԭ߿ֵȺһ¾ɢǻʯ̾͵ĳϣֻҶʿһȡż׳С
ϺأȺʱ۷׷ס
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Ԯһɫ߸߹ӣûͬ⣬κΰɶò񣬷ǲʵӣͬı档
ҵ֧֣һֱĵ
ʱǨڱ֮ڣǸ󡢷ˣﰵͬˣû¸޼ɵ
ɱ
Ƭ̣ȫǷΧڵӣȫΧɱȻǧˣؽ˵ΰΧ
Ҷ绨վ룬Χǧͬ
ߺˣҸԣѵ֪Ϊͬıôһʮꡢ۰ƺǵͷĿȺǹһΧģʱҶȣüͷȴǽ塣
Сʿ̫ǿλеɱڣһƵ̺Ļֲκζзƣδ
ĸˣҶ΢ص˫ۻ򿪣еŭⱻܺõ
·ģʮ׸˱ֺŰɡ
˸һ󾪺
벻ССĳͻȻֱӾ˾׸ͷĿߡģ˳Ծⲻ˾Ҫԭ
ԭǴʱ̬ȡ
ţߡĸĿƣھ׸ڣû˸Ҹ˦ӣ㵱¤ҼͨҲǿͿ˵
û뵽ǣƽŰվȻ˽ǿ˴۾
ʱո˵ķģҲǶͷԭ¾ԲᾪĴݣֻдɣܶ淢ź˵ǽ嶼˼λҪĿˣҪӭӡǳ˵ģû뵽ʱ顣
ĵʱΪջ±Ϸ֪ǶȻȻо֮ͽҳ£ĳӭӣҪţʶ˳һ񣬿֮˵ĵһۣͿһ£֪֮˾ԵĲǣҿԷĴ磬ԼվĴУת˲֮䣬һˡͬʱҲһϷҪԸĶ󡪡ɵġɡҶ
ҶĿ֮»ܡצѾû˸ǰӸСˡ
ĺ޲óԼӣԼǧҪ¶ԣԷǧǸҶźá
ϣע
ֻһϣʱעһϣȽȽ
һЦУٿȻ𣺡Ҷǵڶμ˰ɣҪս㣡
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ΧȺʱҳһţǰĿҶݡ
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ȺУֻҶֵϹ޵졢͵֪ҶҲ֪ڱøӵ
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ĿһΪ˧ıڤµʱŭΪҲң
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ãȥڤ߳ŭҪ³ȴ޵һס޼뱱ڤͬˣʶñڤ³ȰֵĪҶԹ˲Ͼ³¸ԶٵҲ
ڤҲװװӣͣ£һ䱦̫ŭޣСˡ
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ķҶ֮ǿһ㱳ȥԼȻǸǵĻ쵰սҶʱһϲ˵Ϊ֮󣬸Ǵһ
Щĵظߺ˿ǱҴʦǡӣĸлֹͬ
Ⱥ۷׷ףɼĵӣǽտˡ
Ԫ˶̲סƲЦ⻪˻˳ԼսҶȻԷô˹ϵҪ˵ʵɼǸΪ׵ѹϵﵱȻҲڡ
Ԫ˶׵Ĵֹۣⷽ棬Ȼƻԭ£ѣ䵶ᵽУһָҶˡŴɣȻ˵캦飬ҶݺԪ˶ʵڿȥҪָ˳ʶһԭ֡񡯸ֵʵ
ɼĵӣ׶ӡ
ϢǸذըֶЩĸоֳǧĿɿڴʧ񵱳
Ҷͷ˶ԷһۣҲõ壿
쵰
󵨣
Ԫ˶ɫԱ󽫣ԼڶĻ


023 ָ֤Ԫ
Ҷ̫ˣ
ŭУӰΪһۣ˫󣬸׳ۻ룬Ķ벻Ҳ˾׸
ͬģͬλ龳֣һλŨüۡŽһͷɢͬʨ׳꺺ӣһȴǸ޹ͷĿ˸
ҶƤûһ£˿鼫ȵӣȻͨԼ£ãԼͰøһЩˡ
ãҶȣʵЩˣǶ²еģ
Ҷ䣬һת˲ŭҶѪҲҪи޶ȡʮ֮һȵշİǻ飿
һ䣬ǧͣһʱķ
ոջήҵﾩ׸ʮģһԼٰѵʱ֣ȴʱҶСݺҷҲģҶȴǲ£ͷлҶҪȡ㹷
ԼµĴȻҲȺ𸽺͡
ֻ壬ȴûһ˸ǰһԶʮ⣬ȴһ˸̤ǰһ
һЦҶ㵱ǰҪǲһ
ĽƨҶͬʱһָǰʮ׳ΧסĲмʿҪҲǸһ
ԮȻΧЩյĵȴǰ㳡Ԯһźˮ벻á
ɱĶ
˵ǵĲмεģҶʵ
Ⱥм࿴һۣŴ󵶡ɷһ㿴Լľ׳󺺣׷׵ͷ
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Ҷ֣Ȼŭ绨оڵһͣҪ֡
վסҶһϺȣһѸĽѾǰ紦һߣԭίδ壬ǰһɱ㣡
һǵͨ죬߷¾ģȴɲԽ׳һ
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Ҷ񣬴ҡ
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Ҷ˲ҷԭλϣץסָڶмʿ֤ݣ򵥣Щ֤
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ԭ˵ͷ˸ˡ
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Ⱥмһʱȴûһ˸վ
վζԣҲζ䵽УкӹǱˣǼĿֲûҶĿֲΪ˻ǲҳͷ

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˵õȻûеûбֻ뽲ʵ顣˵Ҳеĵľǣ˵ʵ飬˭ţ˭أ
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к޵þ۽ǴѾʼѪԼĶˣȥҲûϣѾʧȥȥˡ
ʱһ˫ĳǰһְֻסģůĸоϮȫʹĸܣȻɢˡ
ӣ֪úܿࡣ಻࣬Ҫôȥ֣ܿôٿҲԹúܿ֡
Скã˫ۣҶ

к˵ͷû
ǿ֣࣬ǿ֣ôʹ֮Упأ
Ҷָָ棬£ǡ
Ск˳Ҷָȥһֻɫһëë棬ǰС
Ҷ˵㿴ֻСһ϶ô౶ëë棬˵಻ࣿ
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Ск˵ͷ
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Ск֣룬бߵǳԱůҲȷǼ˿ֵ飬ᶨص˵ͷ
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Ск˼ˣҶ֪ˡ
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Скã˫۵ʱ峺ͬʱǿشӵûϥµĲλɰȻվվüȡ
Ҷ֮ɫЦſ˿ΧƽʵСӣڸң˭㺦˵ģ
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024 ߲֮Լ
סڣΤֱͷĵĶԻʱԱߵɫ䣬ŻŵĴڳĶС
ȶʵҲз飬ҲؤϮǧĴͳÿÿеʲôŮͯ²֣ⶼǼΪձģҲжš
һײĲŻ̨棬ؤﵱҲѸɾе˶ȥɴڣԭǮԲ٣ҽûбǮ
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ȺһƬȻ֮£ȴ˸ҳͷָ
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СӶСû֪ĵز
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ԣҶˡ
ķһ
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⵭ӭڵ뵹һŲδȵķĵڣΪûϵҶ˾֮Ȼ֡
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֮ڣȡܹϨҶĳָϵĻ棬Ӯң
ҶŵĻＤ˷ŭ
ȶֵģȻǡΤֱ
Τֱֵԭܼ򵥣֣

ڴʱ֮ǰĻ֪Ǹ֮ѽһ㣬Ӳǰƹ˹ҶĲ棬һβһһκںޣֱҶķһ־֣׼ǰúñ֣һƷҶ
ͬŵͷӵĹȥԶΤֱôͻȻһ֣⶯δʩչҲʺˣͬʱ֡
ĵͺһҲͬæ֣˺
ֺ֣ͬһ˲Ҷ
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˿ͬʱȺ֣֮Τֱȶ֣ȼ⡣
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ĹһЦߺȣֲˣ
ոճڣҶͻȻСָָһһ㽣ĶͷһһͷѾһƬڰ֮С
ʱҶأҶָ֮ϡ
һ֮䣬Χ޹ˣܣĻ˶
ֶܸʱһΪҶĳֶ𾪡
ԭû㶯ֵԪ˶ʱ˫۴ʣͬʱߺһʣֱҶ


025 л
Ԫ˶֡
һɷˡ
һɫ˳й֡
Ⱥ۾Եһ
ȫˣæȴǴĽкã
Ҷȴһߣˣ
Ԫ˶ŭ㣬Լˣһ˸ˣΪ̸ֻ֮ˣȫĵ¡
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˭
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Ԫ˶㣬˳ʮɵѩ񵶡չذããغˬ
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÷ѩġ̫Ǿǡѩ񵶡ǡ⡿һֽԵ
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ʱҪɱ練ơ
λΪǿһ㣡
ʽȻֱܶ࣬ӵľԺǿӲơ
Ԫ˶ͨţķ涼Ҷһս֣ο߻˶ٵĹ龳ֻšҶʮֵİڰܹȡʤѾºڣҪ߲ȡΤֱѾֻʣһˡ
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ʣƱԼҪļһôܻϳΪԭһšԼأ
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ڴ̼Ԫ˶ĿȴϡҲǶ˾粻ɱʵȴġԼʨͻࡣǶ˲ҶҪֶԸҪ
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Ҷ˲ȡѹԪ˶ʵҲҶЦոշ˲䣬Ԫ˶һ޹޷ʱǶ˳ˡ
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ԭҶԪ˶ȫ·磬ͬʱ龳ȫһҶʲôµֵΪʲôôΪʲôԪ˶Χ
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Ҷʧ֮٣Ҫƫתλʦֵĵ棬ȴû뵽޷ƣӴԼһĵ֮ϣΪԼһ
Ԫ˶һȫѹҶ
龳ֵĺһҶܹסô
Ȼס
Ҳ뵲ס
Ԫ˶ֵһ̣Щҵӡ
ԭѧֱֱȥӲ·ӣҲŤҰ·ӡ
Ԫ˶һѾﵽɼ߳Ҷ԰벽񻰵ĸ֣ǲһ
һҶס
д㣬Űһֱ׼ŵġ貨΢һŤٿȻÿ˵棬ͬʱԭȫָһƥһ˳ȥ

Ԫ˶
ȻҶƫתĹ칦Ҳû뵽ԷȻܹ׵ؾƫķ򣬶ʱеѾǿ˳Ŀ
Էֻһ㣬Լһб˷򣬶þȫҲ޷ķֺؿһƥһطɹʮɾ룬ԽĿɿڴˣ֮ǰ˵Τֱ룡
Ҷ߲أŵ
ҶǵЦøӲá
Ԫ˶ֻһ䣬л̨ˡѩ񵶡Ȼ
Ԫ˶ֻһѪӿԺһ㵱ʹȥ
Ҷ̫
ԭʼնûаɸûаɶ֡ǰϷˣĶ󣬺Ϳõİ׳գ


026 ٴ
Ҷ塪
Ԫ˶ȳа񵶷תҶľࡣ
ֻһУŭ࣬ʧȥ˿ơ
ҶһܿͬʱһԪ˶ǰѰ񵶵ʱ֣˸š
ŲδأӡԪ˶֮ϡ
飬һ졪
ۣ
Ԫ˶Ѫ׷ɣ
޷һλʨͻһʦѩ񵶣
Ҷ˹ȥ
ҶһƷӡסâ˫޽Ӵ׺ͻѴɳȥҶԼƮƮˣһվʯŵ֮ϡ
ҹɫ֮£Ҷ𼦶֮ƣһָڱѩ񵶣һֵӨӨƣƮȻɣǧʿۼڣΪֹ֮
߲ɱˣϨ
ʱҶÿ˵С֮ʷửƾ֮ƵǰͼΪıǴʱĳ˸Դ˻һٳպǵ춨ʦϵλ
Իʱ˳Ϊ֮ʦͨⲻ֪ΪʦһһߣһһŨĪѧ似ȣڡʮأ֮ڻгӡ
ɴ˿ɼҶ赭д֮䣬֣ڵʱ˵ӡǺεȵ𺳡
ɲǼľĬϢʱ䣬һкñȻ
˶ŵ
һкãڹһΣһ£ȫкХܣ졣
治˶Ҷ书壬ԼԱͬų⣬ͬʱҲɥĲΪʾ˷ŭ
ؤΪ׼жţΪؤӴ󣬶ܹܣ˸ҹܣȵؤǸߵüǻйܷ⡰һȺҪģҡһ䣬¹󣬱˵û˸鷳ǵ꼾ֵġ˾Ҳܶһë
ķȺ䶯ǧɫ
һζ˴Ȼδ䣬ʱɱӯһϰϣ
îһȺľİڣʱͬ˼Ѫһ㣬ͬʱȵ񣬰֣
䵱걻ͬͣ䳰ȴ޿κεĿںţٴڴ˵ǧˢˢĺʱǹµĽк
ʰģҶҶ췸Ĵ󣬾﹫ԣҶҪڲ
Ҷ淺ЦƮ𣬡ɥǶó⵹ǣʮɣ˿еЦӣȻҲޱȵشÿ˵Ķ֮С
˵úã
ܺȻкá
˷׷װγҪԽкõȺ֡
߳
绨ͻȻһȣʨӺγɵĵɫ˲䵴
ҶֵеһΧɱ绨ԡʨӺ𡿵ƿԽԽɫѾԵãصĻ˼䱣ŵˡ
绨ˮ԰ǧڣǱһͻȻĴɤһƬֻһ˺֮﷽ѾǼɹһƬǽ塣
ͻȻ˲һܰնʱôЦ
֮УҶͻȻһХȻƶһתаʩչһŵ֣ر˵ʯϵˡ
ͷӣΤֱͷĶҶĶ֣ʱĹƣǶôǰӲأ
һ°ʯţ˻һ˵Ⱥ֮УȻҶ书岻Ѿʧȥ˵ֵġҶԷΤֱѾɱˣǳ׸ΪУʱбҶɱΣա
ֻһˣҶδǰ׷ʱ¶ʵͼ
ֻһ㣬ٴηϣʱа񵶻ƥİ׹⣬ڻӺīһɽˮڵˢˢˢؿʼдһʱʯм׷ɣ׳
Ŀϣʱ°˸֣ϰɥ񣬲һ
ʱʱֻߣ羪硣
Ʈ꾪쪣仨ѩãã
Ҷչ鷨Ȼ书ںд־䣬׿ݣֻ鷨ǿŲ鱼ӿʹ죬鷨
׸İգǾĬƬ̣ǺȻ
ҶһЦյʱԪ˶Ѿɫ࣬неģ
ҵ
Ҷո㣬δվȣȺͻȻһӰֻһѾҶͷͷ½ϣ˫ּһѴաľ޵ֱ
ʦ֣
ʦ֡
Ԫ˶ͷġͬʱ
˾Ȼɼгɾߵ֮һذϺꡣ
ɼг߰ˣͼ׺ͶذϺеٮٮߣ˹֮ʦֵֹܸ߳һŶѾɼɵʵ֣ɼҲûбʤİա
ʱذϺͻȻֻ֣һУһ̱΢紵ɢֱʧǰҶͷ֮һ䣬ʵ޻ϲƵ죬佫бȫȫڵ֮ϣһýӣ
ۼ漰壬ҶȻδȺʱԭӦþϲذϺȴüͷ壬Ȼ¹ҶŴաػǰ
䲻ݷɲǣһ˺ذѹ˵֮ϡ
绨ŭ֮ɢڴˣݵҰ
ذϺոսǵɢ飡
źһŻɫľ޴һ޴شһ㣬ֱӽ˳ȥ
ذϺвһ˳Ʒϰգһݶ绨ŭУ׷ϡ
ʼգҶûзӦһ£ȫĵעʱһط
Ĵʯ£˹ˮ֮УһҶȻ֮һλֱͦͬǹһˣһﲻͷңϡ
ԷǿƣҶòӡ
ȻصϢǡ֡ѦĸоѦĸ֪ȥһʯͷ
մˣȻҲ´磬ȴ͵෴۵˵սľ
ҶתɫȻ֣صеߡ
۾ڶԷϵͬʱԷȻҲͬʱ̧ͷ¶һżΪԵ׺ӡ
ĿǼ˵ǰ㣬ͬʱһ
Ҷ˶Էŵһѳ۾ɵһ
һ˲䣬Ҷϳ˶Էݡ
ڤ޵У
ħڤ޵У
벻Ҷһ֣ȻˣҲǲԭҵĹͣǡħڤ޵С
һʱ̣˾ȻͬʱЦˡ
Сӡ鷨ڤ޵Уܹϵּأ
һͷˮΨҶЦҲһֵ͸棬֪˼ۣ


027 
ڤ޵еһЦϷ֮Ͼ಻ضá
ϾʮԺԺȻΪʮɵһ֮ȴ书£ĵСµһ鷨ҡ֮ơ
ڤ޵жҶ鷨˳ޣȴǳԤ֮⡣
Ҷ˶ԷͣȫۣԷʱ̶пֵܶĿܡ
ڤˣС뵱ȽϡҶỺȴǸ߶ȼС
꼾Ϊִңԡ˾ռ鱨ڤ޵˳ǸЦбɱˣǸ͵Ц滢˴ҡ֦ͬ޼Ҹ뱱ڤףڤ޵зΪơΪ꣬ǰҵֶ޼ܾ޶ʧָֽʹܻȡ޼ҴӼȡͨѪɷɱ֣Ѫɷ֮޳Գ֣Ԯģʱڵ޼ǿ֣ȫɱ
ڤ޵һִʹ޼һ겻򼺷Ԯܶʱڣô޼ҳ˱ڤҵĸӹͽݾӡ˴ҡλãʵɥʧ˻Ȩ
飬ĴңǱڤ޵еױܣ̸Ц֮ȡԸ֮壬ټ
£Ŀⱻͷ֮סʧϵ
ȴȫûӾ谭һضԻ
ڤ޵еȻȺӺͽ忴˳۶ˣ˫ͬϷԸ⽻꽻ˡ
ʲôҶʣʲ˴ҽ񰡡
Ҷһ䣬ԱȺѾ˱ȵҶΪŰ볯͢ΪУҰ˴ȻȻ⣬оѾܲǳ֣͢ҷˡҽ⾩׸ͱ߳ȥ
˵֮վڰ˴ȺǰеȣĿӢƳƮǰ󣬼ͨһҲΪ˸еǷǳעݵˣ˳۶ƮȲԭòƫƫĿ˸¶Թƶ䣬֮ͽ
һݵλ򳼡޳顢Ϲ˾㶼վԳݵλڲͬ
ҶǲʶˣҲܲ³ݶȻǰ˴ҵļ֮һ򲻻ҵĳϼ˹
Ҷδ𻰣ԶһЦͨǴԲѣǰ˴ԸȥǸĴȣǱȥˣ⾩׸ɲҵĵ̣ɲ˵˻ץˣ
ʱӰһһüŨǸߣڲĻ˫ָڱһ˵ƺϣ˲֮ġԶʮľ׳ӣϸ²ŷββƣ͸¶òöꡣ֮ǰһֱҶġ
ôһվͨɫˮС󣬲ﹶӲдҲҳ£ѵ治Ϸġš
ЦȻҡšʮ꣬һΪҲʦչ۷ƫƫһǸѹȣš踺ʮ꣬ͷ˱Ϣͳ𣿡˵˻۾ͨ죬ŭͨȵͨ㣬ҡšӻһңǱѪϴ
ʲô
һֱԱҶ֣ͻȻеԴˡһ

ǡ۽񡱻괫ԼʶܶĦڭǾĺˣ
Ҷδ׷ʣͨ򳼸ȵ泼ı췴ּ͢ãҲ͢һ֮ѡ͢ҪԭҲд³κλִԲ򣬾Ȼʹȫңʵȡ
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ͬ棬ͬ췴
ȺУͨһϸɤ˾ȥֻһַ̼װޱȵȻȥ볣⣬·ƺǹŤĽһ۾ϳ˶ǳԹе̫ࡣ
ҶȴϵôˣĴܹ̫࣬ȡ˰ִơ̼ࡱĴ̫
Ϊ˾֮һġ̼ࡱΪͶ˽ϳ͢˴Ӣʵһǧɣд䱻ϣѲ磬Զץĺ֣Ҫò˵ʵǽˡ
ֻһΪץСɫΪ˲μͨٵ͢ͷǸᣬ˴ڵļԼܣΪ͢ãڷǸԸӥ֮ʣֱӶʮӥµİ벿ñ뱱һոʧأһٲʮӥ
͢ôһ֣ʱֳȻ󲨡
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ڤ޵һЦá
һ٣ͷʱĻˮ棬ˮʯϵĵ棬ڤ޵ӰˮӰһţת˲ʧΡ
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۾͵һӭͷˮ˫ʻ迪ˮձըΪˮ˲УȻ㲻һ
ˮɢɽȴ޷ǰɾ룬šġٻ֡ȻǺ켶Ʒ־ѧҲӥľ֣Ȼһ档
ֻϾǡӥչ۷ɣȻҲһ֣书̶ϱֻ֮Ҫ
˫һӣ֮Ѿϰٻץˮȴûбڤ޵һ˿һӰ

ӯĽˮ
֮⣬һηɽˮͻȻ̳һֻһ¶ͷ˲ɾ룬ǰ
߳һ˫צһϣޱѸٶץ򱦽
ۼҪ䵲£ȴڰдһηɽˮ飬ųһ㣬ǰûˮ֮Уʧ
쳣죬δüϮ壬ǿȴһѾ󾱶ѾǱ֮
ħ֮ħõԸӵĵزһ龳֣һ֮䣬ͼҪɥ£Χ۵Ӣ޲̾
ӣ
̾һϮ壬䲻һ紵д̳һˮٿȻΪųζס
ҶһͻȻָڶסĽһһ죬ͬɽˮͬʱ飬ͬʱɽˮ飬ȫΪӿ¡


028 Լ
ҶϢĵʱⴵµıɳȥգ۱ʮ⡣
񾪻긦ҶСѺֶΣ
УȻѶҶһСĳɳΪͣϾûۼеʵҲǷɡһȻֶΣȻܹʮĳ־£Ӧ磬Ѿν츳ˡ
о飬ôССͣôӦжԲߣǴģСսڣҲеʰ
Ҷ񣬳˾֮ɫ
Ҷδ𻰣Աһߣһ̲ˮͻȻ̳һλ֮أӯϣֱС
ٶ֮죬֮ݣ˺Ȼ
ҶȻ壬ʯ֮żһӨҫʱڽ֮ϣҶܹżеĽ⣬Ҳٴ顭
ֻɲǼ䷢ȺûüѾйȥǽͳ֮ʱڤ޵Ѿƾбһˮ㻺ͬˮϵĻ˶ӳĵ̲һ㣬һٴδ
һҪٴӭ

ͻȻƽһЦըװ㴫ڤ޵뷢ŵٿȻ±һ˪ˮı飬ˣվ
ʮ⣬һһӰվ¥֮ǡƹ񡱺ͨ͡ѿսˡ
һЦڤϹòʲôʱ˵ӥȮȽͷ¶ݵ龹ȻҪԳˣǸˮϸҲֵ̫Ǯ˰ɡ
ͨͽǳ֣ʱȺȻ󲨡
ǡѿս壡
Сƹ񡯺ͨ
׸кϷˣ

Ȼһֱûк֣ͨʵϽв˶֪λһ̰Ƶ书Բλڶʮ˵ġѿս塣
ڤ޵ޱ飬ŶˣͨҪ˴ΪУ
ͨٴδЦڤĻֻǰΪͨף٣˳̽һ±ڤ֣ҪһʣʮǰǳԼ֪Ƿˣ
ʮǰĶԼ
ڤ޵ɫһЦʮǰ㻹ʮǰߺߣҪΪ㻹лվ˵ҪûȣҲûͨ죬ֻǿϧ˲磬Լ⣬λֵҲûгͷֻûձٵľɲ飬ҲĿɣ
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һҶ֪Ҳ֪ЩĻ
߽ͨΪϣĸףʹֵܷĿڡδϢͨһʱ֪ձ¥ɲҲȵ⣬ΪľԵˣΪ¥Ŀˡ
ұ֮һġɷףۣܵع
ڤ޵еʣν֮ԣϻ켣ҪľҪֵͨȫǲӱֵһǷִɵģʵ͵ҲⲻԿʵڽܻӰ֯չ
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УаͨƱģΪ˴򱧲ƽģҲͬ۵㣬ΪΪġ
ͨţֻǶűڤ޵У˫΢Уڤһ躹ޣֻڰ˴ڰԷչʵͻȻֽǲһɥôߺߣ֪ͶķǸȷʵĲɲء
ڤ޵ЦԶҼͨȴȻȵԣǸԺգΪΪĿãǳ˵پܻٵģҵȽͬƴ۽УҪҷһва磬նħ˼Ǭһ̫ƽʢ
˵е˼ͨЦǷǣ˭˭棬˵׵ġ׿Щ£ȭͷӮһٽ֮ĶԹٹձ٣ۣʢ£٣֪Σ
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ͨһԼڣнҶˣľڳȫҪ³սͨһֻбڤ޵һڳǴôȫ䣬ֱټĴ
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˷֮ʱͨȵ֣ڳã֪񰡣
˲컷ˣɲ²ͨ֡Ǻηʥ˾֮ʣδһЦܼȺ󷽴ӣô겻ı¼Ȼ˶ˣôĵӣ
ںȻһΪܼȺ˿óһֱļе¶Զһ°ǿӰ
ʵķڣڵĽۣɺĶ˫üֱޣӥĿ磬ҫ׳˶ᣬɫĮĪ⣬ӥӺͱ촽˺ӡ󣬵һĵİɰͬԨsŰۻһɸ߷롢ֵʡ˾һӦʱܷӵ׺֮
Կֻη֮ģг羴֮⣬֮С
˲ýܣҶȺķӦԼԷֵλãλʮλʮİ졣
ֻҫ쵰Сľˣֱ죬һŲһɨҶһ£ЦȻ˵Ӣ۵ǰɱˣָҳ汣˵ʲôⳡ䶼ٲˣ
ȺȻ
ԭźͨӮ޴ľΪļ


029 
ʮλġ죬ʮλġħڤ޵Уսڶʮλġѿս壬ʮλҶԼʵ翣ȴĺͨʤսôǰ˴һռơ
ͨϵЦԡ
Ⱥͨ˵ͬ顣
ԭΪǷ̵Ļᣬû뵽ȴԸ˴ΣֵС
ҺȻ˲ûоʹ˾úͨ񣬸Ĵ
һɺȣƿգʡ
˺ϷȻòĳϣֻԹأ
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ĿͶŶڳŴȺֿߣһ˱ìȻ
ݳֱͦǹϰɫģüͷɱͷ˪֮顣
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֪˵ݣʱ
Դӡìڡʤݳڡԡκ޾֮ϵڶʮλãһʮλеʮһλΪҲδˡݴţ˲δعܼңѾȫͶ˷Ǹܷ¥вǸ䣬书벻վȻͻȻڴ˳֣ѵֳɣֿʼسֻκ޾εľծˣսκ޾ΣĻոսҶһ֮ãʱνɺ
ܲʤ꣬ۺ̸ȷʵȻڶʮǰ󣬾Բʮһλʵ
ʤĳ֣ûҶеȡ
Ӻиһ·¶һĲʤǲϵ֣ǲ˴ء
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ʤͨ˹֣Цȹףǹˣĳף٣ûŶȻʢ£֪ĳǷʸ˴һսأ
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绨ߺߵ˹Ҷӣ˵ûǡ
ҶЦǲôǵڻΪͶȡʢˡצ⿪СʱҾǺúʶһ£Ҷεʵ
绨ݺһͷʵǶϲʤаȡʤô
ҶһľȻȻûУ

绨еһҶˡ
ҶɲʲôֵģʤǿУԭڶʮλκ಻ײȡʤǷѾȫʤУƾʲôΪʵսʤ
ɣ㡭
绨жʱٴοİ
Ҷϵܿ˿̹Ȼ棬塣ԶЦҶСѲԷƱֻƾղŶڤ޵еļУҾֿãʵʤһϳ̡
ǰԡҶЦŴ
ȻֵļΪţеȷìڡʤȻʮһλԼٵǵʮλ޼ʵʵϣԲֹôһ㡣
ոս±ڤ޵еĽУ񣬵ڤ޵ĽδչಫҶҲûеܽסڤ޵м֮
Ҷӣ˶ˣҲ߰ɡ绨ãȻĹˣȺɢ󲿷˶̸պı䣬˶ȥֳֻʣȼ˻ԭء
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ֱãʱ˵˵̡̲ҶСǿԣҴţ֮Ҳһ۾ۡ
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ڴ֮ǰ
ҶһԱһڲмʿǲԶĲмӣһ˫徻޹˫۴ϣԼԼھЩ˵ϣڡ
ԼǴԼǷβܣﲻȥǣǵҲע˶á
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֣صͷҶϵܲ˵ˣЩ˰ҵϡ²٣ͷǶд֡ˣôϡ

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ص˵ͷǣҶƣһд
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ҡҶʧķֻԼüֹһΣһҪΪϱˣ

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ʸ̩ͽˮһۣʧЦ
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΢ЦһʩһǳѦĽܡ
һȵĽˮҲһ
ԭΪݣĲǿ˭⣬ͳ콭ϳ͢еıߵȻӴ¼жԽϳ͢вϢλ޵һʿެͬһľ֣书ȾӰ벽ʮ꣬˵ޣǷ½ΪĶ֮һ
벻վߵԼһĶ棬԰ɱķʽֱӶԼ֡
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ƨŴյİﵱǼ˰ɱԼб»ųȥ𣿡
һ䣬Ŵһ±ʮӰƣһȺʿ޽ֳ̼˽˲佫ԴΧס
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ΧԴȴǺ޾ɫԼĴǺ⣬ѦҵսӲܣΪһ˶ࣿ
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034 ֪
ѧ޳֮ߥͷԼںռˣʣԸλ̫ǻˡ̫ʬ壬Լұȳ£ӵͨȻ⹫ֻܽʬһ˰ˡ
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035 ʴ
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036 
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ԵһŮӰˣʲôϧģҪǽϵӰ졣Ҫռݴ塣ߺߣʱ˿̣ŮںͨĸռݵĴ壬Ÿ


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绨һŭһöĶأ绨ŭһȣһСͬһĶ͸߷˳ȥ


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ѵģûôͨһЦTMDϰҲ÷ˣϵĶ˼ݶС͸һ߳ȥУɵƯ涼㣡
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λϳҵҵʮ꣬벻Ȼͬһʱڣ
ˮסͣĻʸֵ̩ĳԴݣͻȻֵԷԭǷǸ׼õģûϵʣԭ±ע⵽ǻ̫Ǹֶˡ
ʸ̩һֹ֣ˮ˵ȥ˫Ŀͨ죬ҧгݣϰˣɱˣ
ѦͰţȵҳسϳḻǲɶõʵû뵽Ǹ֮ݣһ־Ͷȥ˻ʸ̩۰
ŵġ̼ࡱѦġͥξҲͬһʱʧȥһϵʵΪİźͺ鱨ԱϵǶֱӸ˵ʵݣֻж˲֪
һΣԴݵĸ׳нǺ
ˮĬƬ̣󻺻ϢɡȥλãҪ˶棬򡭡
֪˭ʤأʸ̩Ѷ֮ˣ֪λõҪԣĺոǰݣҲҪִƣûԵ˴Ρɲ롭
Уˮ֪Է뵽ʦᰣڻʦɽʱһѡԵΣ
ʸ̩֣˭
ˮ֣չá


ӥֱס֮ͨС
ŭУӥ֣ζӥϵˣӥʾҲμӱᣬ˵㡣
ӥ书֮⣬ҽҲʮָ̽Դ޺а˵֮󣬻˵ԳλƶǼءãӰպΪˡ෴ΪҶֵܱҽֶνܳλպ󲻵ΪܵӰ죬Ϊھ羭һϴպ˵ı仯ǿϲɺء
˲ⶼǴΪϲ
λڣöҪٶˣ򲻵أὫҶΪλµĻȫƷĪ
Դԭ˷ܵıʱ񣬶а¶һȻ˵ģûκ
Ҷ̾˿ˡҪȫľ׸ƱĪ⣬вأٲĵزƹλֵ͵ȫĵط
Դ޺аûзԣ֪ԼֻҶ˷ģǰ;δһƼתֱ£ҶʱԶҪ˶ڴˣȷ׸
ͨ˵ͷһ뵽ˡ׼ףۻпϣСӣ˳ͰǶаɡĺϣн˺ŵӦ԰ȫٲãݻתҲȫĺܣùӾ׸£Ǳ߶ǷǸƵĵ
˲ɵͷ
Դ޹һЦððкðֿԸŮһ·ˡ
ĿһɣΣ˭Ҫݰ
㲻ȥԴ޶ʱį쳣˿źЦƬ̣ǾȣаûϵȻҵˣҼȴٴμˣ𣿡
˶ʱһ뿴а֪ľͷȻʲôܷչ
аʱһ죬Դ޺ôTMDû˴ų죿
ûз϶ŵĺøУٴγԾС
ҶһɣΪϵİ̺һֱԱУа⸱˵ģҲϲܹһȴ˼ĺܡ
аҲеĽţܹŻݵʵ֤Ľһɾࡣ
˴ʱ¾㱸
ͨХһȵüˣձǱᡣϢȣм£

һҹ¡
ҪͷյСҲ궯˼ȴͨһٶʮٵĵ
Ҷ绨źͨ˵ִʱҲΪֵ龰һ
ͨ⾩׸һҵĸڣڳǶһСɽ֮ϣռؼ㣬ģһȥľ䷿岼۴αȣǧ
ŴĹ㳡У¥ߵӴľܣƣ߽դɻƣյ֮࣬ԻĿյ硣
صıͳĴѵŮڱУЦ֣ʤա
ڴŵƽʣȫк͡
֮Ҷ͵͵ǱһΣֲϰٱ
ͨ˵ĵһ䶯ֵͨĳݶʢѡʿ
绨Ҷ񹲳һ߿˺ؼ򳵴΢ЦϷʱҲǰ㰮֣ڶֳǱ֮Ϊ˽ʱ̣ҲΪܹõŵˡ
绨ֺһЦˮͣ򣡶ҳҶߣŰɡ
ʲôãҶȺ˻֣ЦҵĶʮа˾žǵùĲܴңãһսѡ


041 
ׯ԰֮ͣ£һ˳
ҶᣬϮǶһȺû֦չĹӭ׷׽ȵӭƹЯ˴ݹ٣ٹ⡣
ͨɨһ֮󣬹һЦôǲǴ¥ĺ찢ʲôʱˣ
¥
ҶɵȻԱǰһ͵¥Ǿ׸¥ϰҵͨ
Ҷʣ¥첻ӪҵΪǾӭ
ɫ޵һŮӰȵֱۣЦϰ٣£ҵչλ͡οйͶǴ¥ĹֻҲĵˣô򵥵£λСүҪū𣿡
ҶüĿģһװʱǵλ㴺Ĵ󶯣ΪҲ÷κ
ҶԷḡ΢΢¶ֱӽԷ˿ء
Աߵ绨ҲһŮӲǰһ
ͨɫ࣬Ȼλлү⣬ҵڹˣϲ˷̡°ɡ
Ůӻһۣȴ
̲סһͨڴ˹ؼʱ̣ȻһȺŮӢǰǵΪ𣿡
ͨŭط˷ۣ뱬䣬תһҶһ̾Ƚ˺Ժ
ΪҶ֮ǰ̫ͨ飬ǱֱֵֻҲˡ
ͣȻ羭ŵĵص㣬û
ͨ³֮ͨûг֣Ķк
Ϊ庽صլ̫ΣʱҶʩ֣װһòͨ󺺡
ЩͨĽȰתͷ
ͨ򳼵ָ£ܱߴӵͺͽһ𳯴ȥͷ׷ָָ㣬ÿ·
ͨ׸һֻ֮ɵլ㾡ݻ¡
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ʱڰ˽ʮϯۼٶͣû˿ӵĸо
ֵͨĽֻ˸ˣ⡣ˣҶˣһƺƴʵۺ
ʵĸ֮ǺȽк֮
ʶʶĶװ죬źƹΪ񡣺ͨ磬ܶԷǺηʿǴЦŻ񣬶ļԾȻļã˶һ֮ԵȻҲкһ˳ӿڡ
ٶˣָغͱصӢǴ󲿷ֵ˶ֶսմӸظġȺûʲôƫֻΪܼʶʶһʢ¡
ͨôһզӮò˵ĺøУڿͳӮ˲֧ߡ
򳼵ͷ£ûֱͣӴԽȣִӴҪĺá
ǰͬĿռ䣬ֻϯһУϯλƽ߷ֲԣϯߣ˫ռһμ
ܱŵõıͣǸǾ׸ͷԪ˶ˣֻò硣
ҶĿһɨΪ׵ıͨȴվĿλõǡ͡ìڡʤڱڤ޵УȴǲӰ
һϯŵģԪ˶Ϊ׵ıҸ֣ޡʨͻ͹һġࡱذϺ꣬Լ³ֵһλͷӥǵĳ󺺣ӥһ˫Ŀԭ΢գҶ֮ʣȻʡ
ýܣȻһֱδֵɼͽͬʵʶġӡͼס
ԷֻɨҶһۣĿһζҶ䡣
һƵ䵶ɼ͸Ԫ˶ġѩ񵶡˿̾ԵعҶʣζԡ
ЩҸ֮⣬͢ڤĴһһУҶǳ˲ơ
ϾЩ˴ҶͲ£ҶĵλȴǼôԶ͢ǸǴʥһǲʣ
ǰ˴ҵĸӵܣϹ񡢴޳顢򳼡ȳȵĺ۵ȵȡ
עĿģò˾ͽмƵ֣˾ͽͬĸܵܣĶӼ˾ͽ껺˾ͽ׿
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ʣµԸӵǸŴˣĺд嶼һ嶼׸١ڵʤԼӴڳ͢Ĺ
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̫ҶģԣӼҿճ
ҶһЦ͸λǣСʿýʵܰѸλûðɣСʿҲʮְˣ
ߣ
һŭߣԵ޳С֮٣Ϊƻı棬޴
Ҷڱǿף⣬ҧҰ
ʤɫ࣬ҶϵܣƤӹôãϧ񿿴ţϲģᣬҪúȣ
˵úã˵ͷɵ׽ɱ̵ѡδȷֿҪעⰡĪ£
ʤ༥ͨһЦλλ԰꣬컹Ϸٶ٣䲻һʱ
ͨȰҲ֮
֣ͨŴһʮ˵Ůˣͷ٣խ£ȹվࡣ
áѡġȴͳȫĻϡ
֮󣬲ãɢһԣֻɺͨ塢ҶͨͲʤ
绨ӥľϯڶȽԵõ١
˫ԣϯϣԸģΡ
ʱǰߺʱѵǷλƼݣñǰף٣
ͨЦеؿͨƹΪأ
ˣ
򳼸ߺһ˷׷ϯǰ
ͨǹĸλ֮ϣӵܣŸα׷ǰף٣


042 ӥݵ
غǰ֮ͨȺۻعλʱ֮糷£˴ͬһ֮ڡ
ͨȻٱĳ˰ٶ֮գѵøλݹ٣иԶǧ֮ĺѣзǸ볯͢ǲʹأĳܳһˮƣıлλ⡣
˷׷ؾյʱά붷֮ڶ
ͨҪ֮ʱڹϯλϵһЦϲ๫٣ղ๫ἰ͢Ӽҷһ»δ
ͨװһŶĹкҪ£
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һ£ͨΪףϯеִ뿪ϯڵأͨ鼤ߺͨʥ
Ҷɫʱһ䣬벻ʱǸ˾Ȼһס
ֳʿͨЩһ򣬶ʱվţ׷׹ڵء
򵹵ʱﵽڳҡ
ĳ㶵λϣһ֪Ǻõģ
ЩԭֻǴ֣ûʿǶԳ͢ȫûкøеˣֻһڳ˵ʱμҲȺһ˿档
ţ
ݺݵɨһܣģƺҪлλϵһ㡣
δµУһЩϲ͢Ҳ뱻˴ҺǺ޵ʿʱת䣬׷׹ڵء
úǰΪһ׳ջʵ۶˴Һ˼Ǻޡ
һͰ˴ѹɲϹ򵹵ͳ˳͢棬ǵ˵Ӳˡ
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ŶԷһͨҲ΢˫ۣҪѶԷӼΡ
ҶҲɨԷһʶһУƺи˵Щӡ˰죬żһμĺʱǸˣרĺ׵ģƺκԽһλ
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ԼУλӦǱȽ׽ӥӦԼһġ
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ͨ˷ܽʥּìڡʤȾƱȵλΪֽٹһ
ǼеӦһӦΪӼһϲҪ
ЦһߺȵĹкϲ£βһ˵ôҸ˸ʹ죡
ٺһЦ۾ƳһԵҶһۣеĳҶһãߺȵ͢մϲѶαΪҳشˣ泼šѦס˶һ͢ƽ֮տɴϲ£
䡪
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졢ìڡʤͨ˶쳤Ц
ĺЦϲµȻֵúֵúӦú̳ӣ
δ󵱼˵ĲԱߡᡱĻŽµ
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ͨƶʱѹƵ˼͵㡣
£롰첢Ʒ˫֮һ֣ڰ˵ġ֡Ѧѵľ
Ⱥ۶һ޷ŵ飬绨ҲΪ
ҶȴһͻӶԷоȻζһָоȻҲԸţֱԷ˵Ҳʵ
绨Էƿڴͨͽ壬ԼҶȴǳĬ
ͨһʱȥ̽Ϣ׼ȷԣɫЩҶȴɱӯȻʧȥơ
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ҶУ綼ڴʱ绨ƿڴͨ˾ͽ껵ЦͲʤԪ˶ȱҸһЦؿˡ
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ô¸ʲô
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ɱɱɱɱɱɱɱ

ҶͻȻŭһڳһۼһ㣬սɱӯ죬ڳ˶һݣʤ춼һ
С붯֣
ڴʱͻȻһ﬽Цһ絶ʸҵСӹȻֱʰͨһڣпݹ֮Ҳ˾׸Ϸӵ֮أǲӦÿԷأ
һڽȻ
飡
﬽֮ٿȻΪ촷ۡ
һźƤ멡ȴɢƵǰüĿֺ˫·صӥòѮͷҰףͭɫƤ˸ѣĿĹ۽Ƿŷɽܹŵסգ
Էڣ߲ͬ󣬵ǰȴ޷עһۡ
еķɶȡɾ
ͨ˺ͷǲԾȴ¶һɫӥչ۷ɣ
Ϸ򣡡


043 俪ʼ
չ۷ɣˡ
ҶɫٿȻһɣʱչ۷ɿЦУ侪ƣֱȻ²ݶԷѻ˵һһͷͨǰȴһֱд˵򳼡
㡭ͨʱֽűû
¾˿֮ͽȻű֮ʱѰɱ˼ҵˣĿһе˷ָ
ҶҲǼֽŷ飬ֳּȻչ۷˷ͷһѰļƣŪڳ˶ٴС
ìڡʤһչ۷ɣ·㲻ߣȻҵ˵أѵǻòͷ𣿡
ӥǿЦһһȻ϶˵ūţʶǳˡ¼ʲôطչ۷ɲȥģ
ȫۣʱҪֵӣͬʱչִĿǰ嶼Ϊڴ˵ؾȲأνΪͳͷҲǸ˵ǰɣȻתӶݣҲǶԽҲ˽û˻˵ӥֻ˵ǰɣӥȻư
չ۷ɲмƳһۣıĶŮ˵ĳɵ˰ɣչ۷ɻתӶݣΪԼʲôʮ޵ϷǼūŵẦµӶݣûʸ񣡡
չ۷ɼ仰òá˫üŭڣ¼û˸ô˵չ۷ɹѵͲ
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ͨϷűŻһǱɱһյģǰգʲôԣ˵ɣ
ͨ촽ףһȵչ۷ɣĿ̫Ϊ컹ܻ뿪˵𣿡
ơ͵һӣһƷӡ⣬ڰԵüĿ
ɱ
Ժһɱ˻Χˮйͨ
ͨɫʱ£һУŭȵ죬ʲô˼ԭǱǼ٣ȴŽһ𣿡
ȫйͨæҡֵĪᣬĳ޴⣡
û뵽İһҲǸӽɫЦУȵϷôģΣ
ʿʱС
һԾڶ𣬱TMDȺ˵Ȼûģ˵ŪʲôʥּĶ⣬ԭʶø缸޷뿪ӾѪ岽ҲҪһѺ
ҶһʶκԽͷֳֺܣǽͨ˵̬ȴ
ͨɫʱѿ
ȴǿһ͢棬ǽʲôֵ壬ɣ

ͨʱһչ۷ɺһ֣ЦλȻ޷ˣҲһЩءȻǱԼʲôԹǾͱ䳡ϼ£åȺŹδ̫Сӥΰ
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չ۷һ˦멣¶׳쳣ģһָ죬ȵϻ˵죬ǶϵҾͿλˣȻȻɡҶСӡ
չ۷һȴתҶλøϷɣ
Ҷ˻ȻȻܡ
ӥԼ̨ʤԼࡣ
ʮλչ۷ɣʮܹｫӥԷǸһ˵ֱ˴󽱡
˵̰ͼͣԱߵĲʤҲǰԺûȡ֣װ˸ˡ
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ͨһ㣬ӯ˱̨һľ׮֮ϣչ¶׵Ṧһȵλѣлĳ֮ǰĳڴ˸лλ뿴˷̨רΪҹԼ裬Сش̨ʮеشһٵ˸ҹ䣬ڴ˷ڽСҡ캳أǳܲ׸Ҳǳܲα䣬иأǲƻ̨䣬ҪֻܣҪйŪһش̣۵һݣŪһҲǿһ֡ÿǱ棬ʧܣɥʧ֣ҲͬԸ۶ϡλ
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Ц䳡ϣ졣չдʵĳ˵ùˡߺߣչǷ̫أ
չ۷治
ͨ΢΢һЦȻ˫ѶôͿʼɣչأ˫峡ױ䣬˫ѱдϣɶԷһͬǩɺã
ãͨһ˵Ҳǹƽ
ۼҪʼֺܷ׷ǰǸոոֺܣˣ˫ɳѡ۷׷ף˷쳣
˫дԷץΣ鵽ֱֽӷ֮ϡ
Ŀ֮£һ󺺽ֽ򿪣ݸԱߵͨ
֮ͨЦһߺȵֱѡ񣬶󱱵ҸذϺꡣ
һأҶϱ
Ҳү˴ұѡ˾ȻǱҵĸ֣ǡࡱذϺɼͽ֮һԭнӽʵԼ϶˵ʮþȣȻ
̫۸ˣ
ҶҪԿ飬û뵽ȴǴЦһڵվߺȵãҸذϺꣿϷҪġѩ񵶡
Աһֱû˵ġӥչ۷ͻȻ˵ʦܡ
һ𣬻վ
ʦ֣뽲
ʦֵܣʮû˵һ仰һμ棬ԭ˶Ըǿ֪֮οڴ֣ͷֽڻͱˡ
һʦܡһʦ֮֡伸ʮ˲֮еȻ޴档


044 ֮ս
չ۷Ҳ鼤ɿѹߵʦСˣԷĳ֮ǰŻһӦϰ¡ע⣡
лʦ㣡
棬һɲǣ·صʱһʦֵɸֱ֮ǰչ۷ɶҪÿʦֵܶһ
Ϥع飬ɣԵ˵ûһ˿Ĺ˼ɡ
ոԪ˶ԵذϺȻһЦԪ˶Ժ򣬴Ϊȥһ֣ҶСֻѩ񵶲٣
䳡ڣֹ
˫۾׷׿볡ڵλ֡
ȻڽԣΪӥͬʦܣ书һǿھ׸Ҳ֪ʶڳĵߣмϣ
ڡࡱذϺ꣬һ壬ǶͬϤȻɼͽ֮һͷ˵ʮֺˣĹڸϣǱܹȡʤ
̨̨֮ĿտһݣȻͬһХż̤һľ׮֮ϣֶ̬
ܽкʱȵ
ذϺͱСʮ࣬ȴǳ쳣̨ͬʱЦԭͷڹҸģΪʲôͻȻͷҿԭα¶
ʱ˿̬Ȼִϲӣĳúûĸ֣ذĪĳʧǣ
ⷬȻ淢гĴҷ緶ݡ
ذϺЦһ̨ǰϣģ¶ʧһ̯֣롪
룡
˸ʩ񣬽űĬȻĶţ
ҶرԪ˶飬ֻԱһ侲û˿ŵ״аɻ
ذϺȻϾֻۣλһ֮иֱȻţֳͬչ۷Ӣ˵Ԫ˶дҲֵͬʦܡ
ʱذϺϳԪ˶һ㶼Ϊ֮ģһʤȯյģб⡣
ʱڣذϺͻȻĿ棬ʮذϺ꣬ȵӸϷˣ
һ䣬ͻȻѸƣˮưȽָ֣㣬ذϺ¶Ŀţʱ˶ĿȻʱûóŵľṦ
ذϺ֮ǰԸҶĴ󵶣ǸһѱѰ䵶ҪСϼŵ䵶͵ذγ⣬˳䵶һȦȦֱָ
ذϺ겻ɼĸͽԡѩ񵶡ĵƵɣʵ似㡣
µ벻ֵ˳뻯ֱ֮Ҿ硣
Ҷ̲ס绨ɫԷڵľ졣ѹְ˴ҵ˻᲻棬³һ֣ȻȰ˴вνĳϡǿ̫ࡣ
ֳ֮ɫԭָ磬̽ذϺӭĵһȦʱ͸תĵ˽룬͸ĸȦʱָʧӰ١ҲɺȻ̽Է֮ѵ˼ߵˮ׼Լв磬±ս³
ԷȻôǿȴЩԤ֮⡣
һȣһһļ׮֮ϣ̽ӥצ֮ѳƵĹ·ߣץذϺҾ࣬Ѹߣʱı䷽򣬺ŹãĪɿİԵơ
һʱȣ
ʮġ֮ġɶȡצ
ܹսߣʱһ׽к
ȷǳذϺ֮ܣǰֵĲַ;˵쾢϶ɵһʱ䲻ӲӲ֮
ذϺãʩչṦڼ׮շתŲ
һһצذϺµľ׮˸飡
ذϺѸ˫룬ͬʱЦһƥ²ֵҳ˰ɣ
˵һ֣С䵶۾ȥǱͻȻбϣͬһ㣬С

˶ǴһذϺôͻȻԼбеɰ˳ȥû˵ѩ񵶡ĵָʩչ
ȫֻ޵ļ˿ߣԭС䵶β˩һ˿ߣȫͨӣȴܹͬްС䵶
һ˫֮ذϺȵƣ˲ѹȹ
롰ࡱ֮Ĵսǿʼ
˽ֲУ˶п͸ĸо
һִָ๰״ֺֿݵ¼ģѸޱȵС䵶ĵϣ
׵һ졣
ذϺ΢С벽
ȴɾ룬Щ̨˫Ŀ䣬˫ͬǧֹһ仯ˣҪǿռƣһûѷܴ졣
òױ־ƵذϺԸ
һЦذϺпС䵶ݺ裬̣ˮкһصƹǰ
ʱչŵľṦˮܶԷĹϸµȭָ£ÿһָ׼ȷĵееһָǿʤһָȻʢ֮ʿ˵֮
ֻȻֵܹԷĵƾӵоṦȴȫӽذϺǰѧҲû֮ء
תۼʮйȥļӲƴ֮ѱϢҲʼ֡
Ҷ˶üͷ壬Ѿʹ޸ıֵУѾܾѶ
ۼԽԽذϺЦһ䵶һɨ̫Ѩʱþδ֮ʱѾ۾ͨ죬ͻȻһȣ˷Ծߣӭһ
ʳ˵Ԥ֮⣬ֻ۵һС䵶̴ۣѪʱֱ
͵ؼн첲ץס䵶ϵĵذϺ䵶β
ֲҪĴ򷨶ʱһȻҲ˵˵ذϺ꣬ʶһקӦֶǳѸ١
ֻɲǼ䣬ѵذϺǰ
ذϺĳԾҲת˲֮飬ϾɼĸͽȷѪĲԭɱ֪˶ٴΡ
ذϺ۹ֶʱסһһ䵶ƴҪسɱʱ͵ذεʣĵֱɨʺ
侲յε
һеĶֻذϺûע⵽ȫƵһɲǣԼʶؽż˶ַϰΪ˳ʱõķǶϰɵĺϰߣذϺûоʲôס
û뵽£ûκע⵽Сϰߣȴѱӥƣ֮
ڶּĽҪͷе͵һŤ˻һ£䵶˺첲ϵļ⣬ѪȥΪңȴҲǱܿذϺһǵ
ڶԷ㵵ı£һצԷĺǣȴּʱС۵ס
ǣ
ذϺС۶ʱŤ÷ۣòӡ
ذϺҲǸһʧ֣δͬʱ̧ȾһţС
ͬ߷һɳڳ֮⡣
۵³һѪػԲѣذϺأ˼ֱûƣΪڵϣͬʧ۴
ɶ񣡡ذϺ۵öͷðģԼҲֵͬĺ
벻ԼɣȻĪһ˸ƽ֣ǲöַһֱۣʵǱҡ
Ȼ˫˳֮⣬ⳡԺжɣ
ӥչ۷ɵʱѾ˿ٽ̧ȥƾ
⡭
ͨƮһԵ졣
ƵƷ裬Իδ𻰣ԱйˣͳĲʤʱˣʱصġ
ͨһʱðɡ


045 ȶ
ߣ⻰Щ޴˰ɣչ۷˫Ŀ΢΢һĲʤԵصľˣϷ˵ذϺСӻô˵
չ۷˫ȭնɱӯ졣
ǳƣв
ȫһϢλǰˣҲǱչ۷ɵɱƵһʱʧűɫͨ죬ŭѵ
飡
һ£Ա߲輸ֱ֨һݵ£ֻƽ棬ĲյһˮûܽչǿͿ
컺׺ݶչ۷ɡ
չ۷ɶ豭Ʒ裬ƳһۣȴֵĲм
İܵ˵ʱŭһչ۷ɣսҵ޶ȣ
Ա߲ʤȴĸֹأսֹ
ž
չ۷ɽвյֱ˵ϣ໨ɵĲյͬʯͷֱ֮Уյȴ˿δ飬һиǱһƸ٣ɫʱ䣬ֻչ۷ɱŭӾսˣǫ̂һԶǹУ̽ʲôֹأ
һж
ѪǶµһĽҲԶһ켸ʧȥ侲
չ۷ɷ˻ʤҲôɡ
ô³ҲҪˣ
ʱվһԵͨЦǰλϢŭϢŭϣ˵һ䣬ⳡɲ˽ƽϣԺ۰ɣܹչ֣Σ
ʤһλӡ
չ۷һţǶʯϵĲյһ棬УˮδڣһڣȻȺ˵ɤð̣Сӻ¡¾ôŰɣ
ͲʤץͨæλλڤֱչδڶҷıʤģǵӵȴڤֳأֶΪأ԰꣬԰꣡
ͨذολүǶ֪󣬹ʶǿŭ𣬲˵
չ۷ߣ˶չ۷ɵİһ˿˽⡣
ҶãӥƢĳЩʱԵȽƣһİֻӥİۣԵİ˿־塣
ΪӥͬˣǳеģΪԵ£ȴսսΪ㲻֪ʲôʱλԵүһᣬԼԴѾ˳ȥ
һ䣬˫Գǩ̨ϵͨ
ͨһۣǲԾһƲڶ䣬ӥʮӥ֮ӥȮȻ
Ȼ
ѧԺĸͽмѡֵſͨĴӡ齣˫Ȼ
ٺ٣ȻԣҹȻλϳ
ȻȻһȻҪڱ߽սԵĲӥȣƺ̫Ĳ㡣
ˣˣˣ
ͯӵʮӥӥ˫գΣ̨⵽̨ϡ
ǲŲӴϸľ׮ɣ˶Ѿ⣬ӥһգҲͬļ
ֻǿյļľ׮һâһĽӴӥȵվ̨ϡ
Įޱ飬ȻȴԼֵĳ֡
һɸַ緶
ҶȤǸȻʱҲˡ
ȻҶҲһ
ȻúܺÿᡢįҴһȻʣҶô˿ˣͷҲһɶ⡣
ֻɫز԰ףͷȵЦţȻֵţȴ֪Ϊθһֹĸо
綾Űӥ´һԼƣ벻ʮӥò绨ĹСʧء
˵깧һ񣬼֪﷼Σ伸أ
ӥ׼𣿡
αļʶԵ֣ϲŮ֣ڴǴǰò³˹ҪȰġ
ٸ仰ʱ佻ԣһ䣬ұʹһ֣
ȺͬʱһźȻЦ
Ѿͷ˰ɣ
һ˸ҸԺĸ˵
ֻʮӥӱ߻֮أԡ齣˫δжŰɣ

սȺ۲˶ҳ׷׶ԲӥĻʾм
ͨ۳룬ֵ֮ɫȻҲҡͷЦװһĪ˵ģ
ָֻоȴҶһʱһѵĸоΪУȻǴĲӥôȺۿñԼҪ
Ȼ
Ҫ֮ǰἰ治֪ʲô
һԴʺţҶתͷ壬磬Щªʲô齣˫ͦ˵ģôû
ҶûпѹߣʶСȴסڳڶָ֣ԭ¶Цɫĸ仰֮󣬶ɫһ
ĻشǺڸ֮⣬ʴڳÿһĶ֮С
ʲô齣˫Ҳû˵
ͨ¸һЦʲôƨ齣˫ǸǮģͷʲôƨ￿źǮŪʲôٰװװò󣬾Ͷ˵𽭺ޣǵĸ㷨ϾͶӦʲô˴ңʮɵˡʲôԵģͳͳǹƨ
ͨһϯȫĬ
ոȻŵˣȷвΪͨݷˣʱ˵䣬ʱɫΣĪ
ͨһֱʵʶ˵Ļͨ˭˵˵Ĳԣ
λǰ˵Ĳ˵ȴȻֻ΢΢һЦֳŮʿһƬȻ˭ǿ˭ǲ׼ȷģ˵ûҪ³һ߸ߵ͵͵ģһĿȻ⿿Ƥӣġ
ȻǳϽ˵ĶԣʵϣҲöԷĻҶԷȻΪŲʵԴߵأҶû˵Ȼô֪ҵĹӥء
ȻŵСڲţȻطҶһʱǵǷ̬
ʱԱߵ绨ˣŴɤſ߾ǸСʲôͿģ˵þͷӣװʲôǧ
ȻԷֱɵһ£ȺܲסôЦ濴һĲӥҲ΢΢һȡ
ͺ¿Ҽסˣ
Ȼаޣݺݶ绨һۣڻǰĿ˶Ĳӥϡ
λ
˵ɣ
ʲô
ԡ
Ȼʱַ̱ЦЩȻôȷӮң
һ䡭
Ȼα˿ͣͻȻֲȻŭĸоЦҵԣðһ¹ķͷɣ
ӥ绨޵׾쳣ص˵ͷϸ֮һո㣡
飡
ʱӥյļˣͻȻͬβ㱬ѵͭɫűҵϢĻѸƥسȻ


046 ӥս
룡
ҶɵõһȻʮⱬ״̬ӡ̰
ʮӥͭڰײѪŭҹУʮӥȴΪǶѹȱҲһս似嵽ĳֻӥϣǶᣬȫ֪
ʮλĲӥǸεεĴѾ˲ˣ߲м˾ۡ
û뵽Сݵʮ㣬һ˵Ŀ񱩣ʱвһӦΥ͸С
ԱߵӥǺһЦչ˵ҶֵܳԾˣҼʮõȷ𱬵ƢֻǸƺ«ղȻµ̬ȣѾʮˣⳡ䣬е̫ã
ȷˣ˿ŵʩչĽҲֲ˶ð
һҪôȻӥľʧܣҪôֲסֱӱӥܡ
һ֣ǿٵĺܣҲĺܣ
ֻɲ֮䣬ӵĲӥ˻ٶȡ˲ﵽߵ㣬˼ɾ̱㵽ǰȻоһһá֣ԭٿȻ裬ͣתɣڲӥɲʱڣȻתʮȦ֮࣬Ȼһ罣һĨ⣬ɨӥһգ
ֱߵתɲǼ޻ڵӲƴһǡ
ˣ
ûԤ뵱еĽײתĵȥһֽһ˲䲻֪жٽû˲ӥ֮ϣֻ˵һ£˱һ֡
ӥռݵȻԭλãȻǱײɳȥ򣬲ͣתͣѸ֮ľ룬ӥϮĿת֮£ܷɢľ׮׷׶ۡ
ȻһʮɣۼҪɳ̨ΧȴǼХһζȻһĺϡ
ȻȻֳڱ󣬰Ȼ·Ĳӥм֮ơ
á
ȺۺȻкá
ж
ԣ
һС硯ѧԺȻ

Ⱥ¸ǣ󲿷ֶΪȻкãûȡԤЧװ˷Ĳӥ
ͨϯȻĹˣԱɫľȻ죬̲סѯ֡𣬲֪СѧأλҶָһ²źã
΢΢һ֣Ȼţ⺢ǲǲһ㡭
ͨЦһʱᡣ
һĲʤȴǴԲһЦҪϾǺ֮㣬ᣬֵˮƽ۶ϣ
ʤһ˵ͨɫʱת
ȻֶѧԺĽѾ¯ĵزշ磬ѾǽҵĵزˣպֻҪĥ༸ɱ¼伸޵֣
ͨɫ˷ܵͨ죬Цˣˣ
ϲﻥƨԼĵֺǣȺ˽ȷȻ˲ӥһУʵʵء
ӥ΢΢һ䣬Ȼ۽ȴһ
Ȼ΢΢ؿڣսֱֲͣ۶ЩԣղŲӥһգֻжɹʣµĳɣȴѾܲס
ǣôô󾢣
ͬⲿںģȻڳָ֣ͲʤǿҶҲǾ۵ס
Ҷüʵʮһξĵʮ֮һȥֻܼʮ˰ɣ
ӥ˵ͷʮõĴвǶǼʦڣⱩ߷Ĺ򣬱Ķž
дУ
Ҷ´棬ʮӥУӥ֮⣬˭ôбܴʮӥôǿ似أ
ͨ˴°ͣ۾ʵӥ֣ôӥ⺢õʽЩǰǰ֡Įաǵʽأ
Ŀ뿴ӥ
ӥһڲˮ赭д˵ûϹհӵĹ򣡡ָָڣЦӲǡµһۡʽѵûӥǺ𣿡
ţѵͨ͵˫ĿŲӥеһıƬ֮ʵЩϹհӵǶԡ¾աǲ԰¾աǺɫ𣿡
ǰǺɫģӥӣЦɲӥǺӺɫĲÿһ׽զˣã
ããȥѵѾͷϴֵĺˣ
ӹһЦĴ
ҶС֪ʣæ׷ʣ¾գ˭ôһ£
ӹͷЦǰǰһ֣ݺĮϱĶда²ʶԴֻʸϲãһʹġ¾ʮʽ䲻֡벻λʮӥҵĺˡ
ͨ˵ͷһԥʵ˵֮ǰǱɼܣ֮˲Ρ
ͨϢͨ˵Ļ϶ͲʲôţмĿܾʵ
ӥչ۷΢̾һͷȷǰɼ£ȴû˲Σֻǳ˻ѣȢӣƽϧʮǰϷ׷ɱ֮һСȣʹеǰǰΪ˸壬Σѣָ似ҴͻơƼˮ꣬ȴΪǰ´ѣٴλطС֮ʱҰȫѣֻʣϵŮҲǲӥӡ
Ŷ
벻µıôһβΪ֪£ųٴη𹥻Ĳӥϧ
Ҷ̲ס޵Ȼֵľʮ֮ڣؼʤˣ
ӥЦʮУߺߣбʤ
䣡
һɻӥٴκն
һȻӲӣתͣٿȻڿգڿһתΣλֱܺײĲӥ
Ȼ͹˲ӥṦȻΪӥͽṦһϣȻǰ
ֻ˫һᣬ΢΢һһչ䣬ֱ׷Ȼ
ȻδԸۼԷѵǰæ糵㼱⻯ΪһԲŭնռ⣡

һȻɫʱ䡣
ԭΪյһգһδɲǣȻ鲻Ȼһͣõ˿մæӲջ߷ʱԭ鲻УȻһɴ
һȻؿ׻۵³һѪ󵹵
ѽ
ͨһٿȻվ

Ȼδӿ׹䣬ʧȥƣ·ȫľ׮ۿҪӥǲϷɣӥðһռȻСȴҪڶԷǰȡֶμΪ
ȺʱһƬȻ
绨ȴǺȻкá
ۿҪеǰҶȴȻеһɼΪϤϢоһһãСģ
֮ʱӥȻͻȻ෭ͬһʱ䣬Ȼг΢΢һʻ״֮Ҷġ񽣡ضá
ӥܼܶʱȻԷһᴩ磬һ¾׷ɳȥ


047 Ժһ

ֳͻȻ仯õ˫˶Ǵһ
Ȼĸͨڣһŵı顣
һδ̫ͻȻԭѾ˸߹Ȼڱӥȫѹ֮󣬾Ȼз̵ĻᣬֶԶԤϡ
ȻѧԺ״ӣȻѧԺϵƶı£ѾѧԺ߽֮һġĽ˵زȻʵҲ˹̶֪û뵽ȻȻʹаĽУ⽣۴ĸĦѧԺĽ·
֮ڷͻ䡪
Ȼһе֣֮ɫȻ֣ЦһһɳѸޱȵ׷Ųӥȥ
ӥչȫܣĶܺת类˿ڣѪ
ӥġӥʹӯתɾ
ѧԺṦΪȻǼнʽŹ֮⣬ĹȫѧԺ·Ȼ޷ŽѸݣ׷òӥҷɡ
ӥ˿ڹ죬ֻѪͣȥʧܡ
ͬʱȻĽرʹһΣ׼ĲӥˣƽʱͿѧԺĽ׷ɱӥ
ԱȺеκԽչ磬ʮѾͷôֹѪսȥǰסģ
չ۷ɫأȵݵ룬ʮӦ֮
ĻشȻڳ⣬ԼֵܵӥŭӥԼӥѪӥӥҹӥȫ¶ĵɫ
ӥǸʦȻд˴𸴣дɣҲ׷ʣҶһ֮ȴŬŬ죬ʾɫʮһҹӥǰѯʡ
ҹӥǸͨͨʲôΪͨˣӽ˶ＸʶҶ㲻֣Ҳܸ֪ԷǱصǿǸ߶ͬӥýŲļʣҹӥǸóǱصĸ֡
ҹӥҶʵҶֵᣬﲻ֪ôⳡ䣿
Ҷͬüͷ壬ʮ㲻ֹѪֹסѪ
Ȼһ˽Ծ볯Ҷ
Ҷɨһֻۣӥͺͨɫ䣬ȻҲджϡ
ɲʵȻͻȻʩչʲô书ȻЧѵеıǸϻ͡˪ͬ񽣲ɣ
ͨûĴ񽣼㵱ôôǧҲôѶѡ۽Чĳ֮⣬м湦
ϸ
ͨܵõµһۡƣʶȻҲҪµһֻ˵ѪҺϵĵһ湦ǡһɽׯĽġ湦ϵ벬ϵ湦ںһϡ쵴¶ʮһʽعӰʮǡһ⺮վݡУѪֹĽ
û˵µһľͨ˵Ȼû˻ΪȻʹ湦
ͨǿ湦̫׽ڵġɻն½˿ڣϣ˿ڱ㲻ϡ
ڶҲжţɻն½̫׽ڵĴʼ̫һ¡
ͨڣһǿ湦ǿУ书ѪֹЧģ־֪֡ҲšȻ֮⣬ѦկѦġ¾ɵǶҩ˼ΡʮС塯ġһΡšϰǰոɵġָЧ
ͨբբ죬û˵θڱĹ󣬵ͨȴֻ˼ٴ𻰣ǡӥչ۷ɽӿڵǵȻĽȴûаӣ˵Ķ𣿡
ͨһĬ
а
Ҷһ㶣ŻȻ
ֲøղһ˲ԼϤĸо
аǵģָоԼڵġ̫Ԫ񹦡ԸħаżǿԼãͬʱҲЩĸӦֻҪʹħŹԼһͻӦ
벻ôûħŵټһħŹ
ȻʹõħŹɾħˣһηǸ㾡֣ɳ˱ڤ޵С졢ʤֵѾǴƣħϣԼһ뼫ΪΣյľء
ͨĲǲ²һԼУԼһɳ˶Է֮
չ۷һӣҿԽԽСˣ¸ƨºܶǸ˲ŸħŵǲҪˣˣ˴ҵ˸ħſɲһ·
һʱȼ˶־
绨ޡһħŵ˸ãүүͼˣ
ҶʵȻõħŹħŵѾ˴ˣҲѾһˡ
չ۷ɹһЦָָڴľͨȻҲħȡ˴ҵӣֻҪͨǷ֪ħŲδȫư˴ҡҲλҡҸħЩͨԺ뱱ߵ໪۾ţˣȻСõҿЩ໪۾ƶǣǵԷҲʸڷϡ
ͷӥжͬѡ
λõģҼʮȻˣȴ׶ֻڵ״̬䣬Ҳͬ⡭ѾͷҾɡ
ȺĿⶨڡ
ʱĳУȻ׷ֳʮӣȻԼҲѾļЩĵĸо
ӥңѪ͸Ȼݲ䣬ɫ԰׵ķŷֽ촽˲ȻĻҰɫʧѪأֻ־ǿ֧š
չȥȻãӥҲذɣôãΣ
ȻǶȻ֮󣬲ӥ˵ʱֵ͵һȻûܵľ׮ļˣһ֮ʱʧȥƽسȥ֮У͵ش̴ľ׮ڰ֮У治һɾ롣
ȻʱŹоһǼɹסӥ˵ķλֱӥϴѨȥУֵ֤ͬʱѧԺĽʩչ˼£׷ٶϣ¶ء
Σͷӥһ͵ббڲж壬һ߲һұۡ
һյʱ׷ɣ
ӥڿתѪӥХ˶ͬʱȵзϣ˫׷ɣҿأ
нӣӥѪӵλãȻѾΪȡʤɱУҪöѪҺܾ

һΣҶһ˾
˫ջɣ˫ˣӥ˫Ȳм֫ϣֵ˵Ĺأ
ڴʱӥļͻȻһչתٶȶȻ࣬ڹʤȯյȻͻȻһҽУ󷭷ɾ룬Ҷľ׮ز𣬼̧ͷһѪ۴ббѪֱðΪȫٵ
㣬㡭Ȼ˫Ŀͨ죬ŭӣ
ʱӥιľ׮֮ϣԺڵĴһ֧״׶βľ׮֮ϣͷľ׮֮ϡ
ղŵļ֮УԭԺıɿԭڲ״׶ֱɨȻӡ
ֻϧȻĽеסȻֻݣԻɥ
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Ҷ˻𣬶ⳡʤ裬ҲԲӥıִΪ͡
벻ӥ˫ȲмȻԺ˱һľؼʱͻʩһȡʤ
ͨһȴǴ˻žֻʤƣϵЦҲͬʱ񣬲ŵؿͻȻתı


048 Σյȴ
죬볡ˣ
ʵýŭӥ뻨ӥѾһس˳أͬһɸ֣˫ŵضһ£ԴԱ뿪˱䳡
ӥʱȻѾΪʧѪ˻ԣְ˽ŵ̧֮óҩӥһʱ˲ӥƣüͷ壬ãʮõ̫Ź֣ȫûаֹܰѪ
˶ʱһʮӥֵܼˣʱǱɫ԰ף˫΢΢ƴѹּ顣
ӥҽֵܾأٴսǿӥҽڽҪͷȻشһʮӥֵܣϴӥ⣬еĵֶǷӥһǴʱ˵ûа취˵ʮǺء
ӥһһԵӥüͷ
Ҷͬǰ̽һֶԷΪ죬Եظ˿ڣֹѪС˿ڣܱߵѪ⵱УѪˮǴѪܣѪбͷų
ԷҶҲһֱЩ޲ˣ
ڴ޲ߵʱӥͻȻһã
˸λãӥǰ͵ʦʮеǡ
ýͣӥǰһͻȻһ죬ָצȻץ˲ӥѪܵ˿ڴһðʱ˺һѪ⣬ʱѪģ
չǡ
¾ͨµһۡûܿλʲô˼ô˵ĵӣ䱾
ӥȻֱӻͳһƿӥʮʲôҲ֪Ҳ˽ʲôԷĽҲΣԼӥצĹҶôΣ
һ㶣ŻȻ򣬷׷Եرʾ
ȻԷɵ˿ҲΣ׳ʿϼˣϵضϾ˶ԷӰ죬ӥ˰ԡ
ӥԣҲ۵üͷ壬΢߳
϶ȥһ˿ҲôͣħŵĵСҲЩĪĵط㷳հˣ
ӥƵضվŶߺȵǼôһһıȥҪպĵʲôʱҿ䣬Ҷһͬϳˣ
һͻȻ飬˵ǶͨˣҶһҲǴһ
ӥôˣôôס
ֻкͨҶע⵽ӥ΢΢ָȻΪӥŭܲסȴļ尾׼³ɱ
ڶԲߵʱ绨еһط˱䳡أ̵ģҵԸһƵʲô˼ˣܴ绨үүһˣ

绨̬ȶʱȼȫ
ֵȫȼ壬˴ҵָǱŭ쳣
ԭЩɵˣʱȴǲԥˣǲӦս񲻱Ӣ۳Ц
ͨЦ˫һӣȻӥˬ죬ǷԣԵСˡãôһͬаɡԱϳɣ

׸ĵλسǹһǸʲ˵ͷ죬±ߵĳҲ׬ʡ
ٽƻʱ򣬲żǵԱԸʱ͵СǮͨһɻڡ
ϧֺķʲڽȴòֵǮ
Ϊ׸ͨһٶʮٵ֮ʣֶԺ䣬һһĴܹȥհһأ
ŵĳ뿪󲿷ֵıҲԸɣȥˡ
ʱſԭֵĵطȴԽ壡
˵ʲôʱǸ˿ܵģƽܵı㱻ǿӲ
ıҲɵڸ¥š
ⲻ˾ڸ¥⣬СƹݣС˾ͺȸˣ
TMDӾͻܵ˵ڿгкȵؿűذɣ
š̿ͷıվѾȵأֵվһˤ
һԵһ·ţЦֱ
ȵ졢òһƵģΪжͣԭ·ڴɣ
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ʱڡ
ټһƹݣֻյ͵ƣ׸·߿һ㣬˿ԭ򲻹Ϊı䣬ƽΪСӣԵرİ
һľƿͣƺ֮ʣСУȭˣ˾һƣƲ¡ǾƹݣھƹȻӵİʵڿǸ⡣
̿ͷǼϵıӣе㷢㶡¡һȻƾմ˸ס
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ԭľƹݣƺ˶˼ֻ
ԭƹﲢֻк̿ͷ·ţƣʮ̨ϣ󲿷ֶǿŵģҲſˡ
ӣʮλˡ
̿ͷһ㶡
ôԭƹô˰ôԼ֮ǰûע⵽
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ʮλ˶ڵоƣԣĺŨҹ
˵ںȾƣ˵ڵˣ
ǣڵ˭
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һ뼱һ£谵
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һǰδеȻ
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עҪһˣ
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һéݴɵӣֻܹһʹá·ţúܡ
·ţһǡֱӡ˸ˣйҲ·
ֹéӵ·ϣЩһСģ̿ͷûˤ˲棬ԼȴҪʺ
ϼʯף˲ţ˱ǣӬȺ裬Ҳ˲ô࣬˽ȥš
ŵ˲䩤
Ȼһ
⻮ա
һ
է䣬꽻֯еŰԭ
ˡ
̡ȫͷƤˮװˡ
ͬߵĳŸУȫ׸ʮţΣշӣ١ģȴغΧ
ģƣѾһɵʵֻоӲ
׸ѾĳЩ˵ƿ֮ˡ
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һò糾͡ɱ
԰׵֣԰׵ɫԼյһѺɫĵ
һĮ÷ŷبŲıɽ֪ô𣿡


049 
Էʱú˵СƵĺ̿ͷŭա
Ȼûʲô£˹ү۸۸СϰջǼҳ㷹
һƾɵĺ£ȥûԼʹȻҲżһīڵģûԼƯҲ֪Ѱ
һʱ϶ԷǸװҷϣ糾͵ظ׸ֻҲǿ֣¸ˣش֮԰԰Լ桭
ͨү磬¶ĸֱ䣬ʢ¾˵ȥ٣Ĺٲ¶ʮĴǮ
ȺƫƫΪ۸ȥȥã̿ͷʱһԼӵļһҲȥβͷ
룬һֵİ̿ͷľεεԷڶԷǰ˻Σô˼أ˰ƵͳǲǵǾ׸˱֮󣬾ʹش԰԰ڣƭ氡
̿ͷЦǰϣԷȴûκξٶ
ƹ˺̿ͷЦҲûκεĶ
ʮ˸˰ȻֻǲеȾƣȫͣۿյĺˡ
նʱüΪ졣
̿ͷȴˣȻûз쳣ʱݵ·ţȴǿ˸
Ǻ˽ݵ˲䣬žϵʮͬʱסıУ̬ƣɱӯֱͥ̿ͷԷ֮ЩشЦʱʮеıʼҲûаγ
ʮ˸ϵϢ˸еֲֲʮ˸һλĳࡣ
ͬʱ·ţȱ㿪ʼͣشŶ£ԼСƺȵʵЩ࣬ԼСпܴȥ
ȻٿֲĳҲ˳Ծŵ˫ȴοԷĳඥЩªԶ㲻Ͽֲ
·ţûʲô£ǼˣΪųļһǵʮ¸ʵͨжʮ֮áǧĽ»
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ɽ첻֪ΪʲôͻȻ³˾׸ҿ˼ʮ˵ݵλߵġ
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ѵʮˣȫ쾳ĸ֣
·ţ˫Ȳסش£ԼǾһƫƫʱǸ׳պ̿ͷǲͣੲݡ
ѵģûʮ˸˶ǳűȡЦλ
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ʮ˸ˣʮ˰ѵ
ԣϸոսǸ˵ĺڵʮŸˣʮŰѵ
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̿ͷʱͷƤһĻӲ˻ȥţ·ţǻŲ˹Ŭ侲ȵ㣬ɵXèȶˣϹȰɶȥվڣ
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赭дһ仰ǧ֮⣬תߡ
˾ͽҼǳĽύ˾ͽ
Щ̼ͬδš
ߣ
׼ȥ·ţͺ̿ͷǰͻȻһֱ֣ʺδüڣһӰһ졪

顪
˫۵ɵԲֻʮõеһˣѾɳȥɾ룬һͷ˴˳ȥ֪
ղѾſλõĺˣʱȻվ˶ǰ˵ۿʣµʮ֡
ֱʱ·ţͺ̿ͷ˲ſһҴӹŹض˻
֪ʲôԭ򣬸ղǸɳȥĸ֣ͻȻ֣ͨλ˼ʱȣǶ֮Ʒ˳ȥ˶ʱһƬãȻ
ʮɫһݵİ׷ͷԽڶٿȻ˾ͽҼŴ룬㲻ˣΪλ¶֣
ֻһ֮ǰˡ
ΪʲôҪɱˣʵ
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֮һ˵ڣ̿ͷʱԴˡһ£һֱڵϡ
ҵ谡˰ɣ
벻ԼĺºӣȻǡµһߣġ˾ͽ壡
̿ͷڵأ·ţ˰춼û
ոպȶһ֮벻ԷͼǺģȷ϶˶˾ͽôָ֮ɱҪ˾ͽ֣˵ͻᱻһˡ
ʱ˿̣˿˾ͽıӰĸһУ
ٸĹӣƽҲûѹյ£ɱһ˰ˣ˾ͽα⣿
˾ͽ嵭ǵ޹أֻǵ·Ҿúᣡ
ᣡ
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ʣµʮ˶ʱͬŭɫÿ˶ǽյѣҪεʣ
˾ͽ֪ôĺ𣿡
˾ͽһ¶мЦû˸ǰεȷ֪תˣң
˾ͽȻת̧ȾҪȥ

ͷ˸ɫʮͬʱסѣϣ

˾ͽŭһȣֻ΢΢תкڵһڣδʣȴ˵һһɢ
ʮиֵδʣһ𣬽˱㱻Ʒ˳ȥʮ˷ɱȥɾ룬ֱ˶˻ȥȻԭλϡ
ˣ
ʮͬʱ󺧣ͬʱһȴûзκơ
ԷһԼϵʮ߸˾Ȼûһ˵

һ˲쿴ȥֻǶĿͷ͵ؿУԼʮ֮õıڳʵɲǾȻֻһ룬һȴѾ˵֮С
൶һͬʱȻԼıûκκۼвһɣͬʱεʵ˲䣬ȴ͡
ʮ߰ѵжϣʮֻ߰ʣһĲе
˾ͽ壬δʣһ֮ѾʮеĵʣԳıϵϣ֮þ֮ѾǺˡ
ʮ߰ѱơС񱡡ʣԲͬ˾ͽȴ赭дһзֱѾѧķ룬ǽ˵ľ硣
ҵﰡ·ţͺ̿ͷͷƤ飬һ֮׷ȥ˾ͽ֪λã


050 ɱ¾
ͨˣԲôãʱӥ飬һӥȻҪҶǺð󷽵ѡ³ɣ
ͨЦʱͨ㻹ⲻСֶΣǵ³ȻԵزøҡ
ͨͨС˼Ⱥʱ۷׷ףͨɫƣЦĻĳôӢǰһҲռôСˡ
ͨбƳ̵㰮ռռһѾѡˣ绨ӥϵܣȥֽһ°ɣ
ԭԤҪŭӥһ㶣ˡ
ӥĬĬͷŭӥʱٱֳ飬ʵʵվ
ԴӷαħŵӰ֮˵ʽʱΣһϣͨҶ³ǼӴ뷨ȡʤʡ
ͨô룬ӥȻҲйؼ
ӥοŭӥļ򣬵Ͼŷİɣϻæģ
ӥǼƳ׿ʱ֮£жһʵԶ
ŭӥŶʱһϲҺӳһ˿̵Ц⡭
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ӥͷһЦѧֻǲ²ѡ
һСǲµð˾ŲʮˡͨһĲҶ˶ӿˣڤ޵е˴ʱδ֣ʲô·ͨĴʹħŹξ׸ţ񣬲ôô򷢵ġ
̲סЦħţǰļλĸô򷢣
Ҷߣ첲ӣЦŴòô򷢣ȴ˵
תӥЦӥ磬ξͿֵıˡ
ӥ΢΢һЦҪ𻰣䲻ԶЦҶǲܸС³ˣ³Σ
ƮҶһʱϲҲ¶һϲ֮顣
ӥХһƬӰͬӥʮʮɵʱ͵ֱϣڿһչӥһб£ٶҲɲǱ屶࣬ԭʮֿٵǻΪһߣ̵ǰ
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չĴЦʱƣͨ죬ԡ
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ͨЦ󣬿ĵӥʹ죡
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绨ѵȵĲͣȵûꣿҶȵĶˣ

ѾעҪĺ̿ͷ·ţˣһۣһݣԼؼУ˲׵ظɵš˾ͽȥСڣӦҲǰȫĺܡ
·ţӦ죬˾ͽشһ˹ȥǰſڣקţһǾ˴أȺꡣ
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˾ͽ嵭ţҡ
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⻹𣿾Բǣ·ţһԴ٣ղŶС˵ʲô׸ϣ֪ƾʲô֪
ˡܣ·ţеǰ䡰žؒOһͭƣкȵιǾ׸ﳤ·ţĲֵģ׸޵飬˭TMDϵģ
Ƕʿл߳һλˢһĽƣ嶼̼Ϸ衢Ӱظӹܾ׸ССﳤɽĪ췴
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ԷĹְ߳ԼüƷ̼£ɱﳤô򱨸档
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벻Ȼ˹Ȼͷ֮Ҳǳһһʾ˰Χϣ˾ͽüһ壬һ綸ȻʿԴͷ־ȻҲ˿Уͬʱ˵Ѩ˶ٸε
˾ͽ尺ȻԽȺȥ
·ţ˺̿ͷһ£׷ȥ˾ͽүҪǰ·ת
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һ£·ʯͷһ㣬һµ˲飬֪ɶٿ顭


051 ظ
Ҷչ绨λֵٴξףǿС
磬þò绨ͷеľʤͷƤ
չȵбһ£ЦֵٴֽȺһɲ٣
绨ЦԵи˼ֵܾӦǰ쵰ƴһŹʹ죡
չһ㶣ҶһۺͬʱЦ
绨˵ûֵ֮飬ɣྵȷֵܰˣҪ˵ʱ򣬻ƴһսʱ
֮꣬Ҫþ꺮ůǿҵö࣡
չȻһ½Ծһľ׮ͨλˣ˭³ֵһ³̰
绨ҶȻᵡһһҵԾľ׮ȻעӶԷ
ҶȻѾĸ֣Ը񵭣ֻҪ;ͷһ֤ݵһ
ͬʱ³ԭӦó಻ѵͨһȴǱ쳣Ȼ
ĿʤЦϣͨǼ಻סǵЦ⣬ãȻϵĸֶϧ³Ҷҷ֮ʿսأǼλ³ԵģվĪöԷΪǾ׸ĺܶǰ衭
ãе壬ҵϹۣĳԸ³һս
ʱһ׳ԽڶȻ̨
ͨЦһãСֻ졯ߴ׳Ȼһսʤ
Ǵһġ֡³Ҷ˶ʱбһȭĸо
ȻˣºͨҲԸ³һԣ
һ䣬һݺļһ³أϼľ׮ʱ򣬾ȻһԼԼľ׮֮ϡ
Ҷֵɫ࣬ԷϳĶ˶˵֣ǿͻѡ
Ҷжʱ׵ĸо
Ȼ̨ʱȺѾһƬȻ
ľȻǸŮˣһȶ˵ŮˣϴźɫɴòȴڳΪ֮ĿΪ֮һ͡
һȥǱڣһݺһ椡
ֵ϶ʱ˾ͨһⳡԣñٽսȥ
ֳ绨ôԱߵλֵܺȵͨ˵ϷŪǣ֪ãǹҵȣЪţȥһһƣȥ
˵֮绨͵Ծֱǰ
չϺһηȥӺ˲䳶ס绨һۣŶԷԭء
磬ң
壬֣չŶˣء
ԱߵҶЦһ°ͣҲͬ´濴Ʋ֣磬Է߲ư
ŶȻͨá۸ĳƺţ
չһ绨ͷ˵ʲôأ
Ҷ˷ۣ浱ͨʲôñ߹ȡʤûô򵥣ȿǺǺǣֻ졯㿴ָ֣һİɣ˫ƺʵֶۣĴ̷ֶָʴĸָüȫήУֻƾһֻһŹЧǾǵ֡ײӺСľָ
չ˵ٿǸݺ޹ǣָ޳֦һ㣬ָ˼ϸǩһ㣬ƫƫһָҲû´ùӦġצܹһֻܳһ޹Ǽ׶ֱӼ߹֮Уץ˵࣬ʶСġ֮ơȴǵꡮײӺСǱΪġժĵˡĳ
ҶֵһʮǰײӺС͡ժĵˡǱΪ飬ɱ޶ȴ书ǿֱ֣Σ˵Ǹ׿ǧ׷ɱնڻϡߺߣ֮䣬вġ
ֱʲôƨ¸Ǹǰǳһ𣬾ûýû˵Ǳ׿ݲغزˣܹٴҲҡ
չǲײӺժģֻͣҲӦǵ֮ģŮӣȴˡ׾ûϳߵأɿʲôߣ
Ҷҡҡͷֻƣ֪ѾáײӺС롮ժĵˡ궦ʢʱĹҲǹ龳ڵʵӦǷǸʵжһЩˡˣǸŮӣȴ͸ǳ
绨չʱ˵
ҶΪ֣ʶԶˮƽҲƶ⣬͸Ķ֣εĿֲأ
ѵԷҲһλ֣
ΨһһλŮӣǡ
衱Ϸɡ
ѵ
˲ԼͬظеЩͷƤ飬ҶЩûд߾Ҫԡ衱ġʮ׷ޡ
绨һԴȵTMDǷ裬Ǽ裬һչȥ˵
˵һȣȵС󰡣һȣ
Բ֮˷⣬ʮɣֱǺŮӣͬһ㣬ӭŶԷűȥ


кӣ׳˶ͬһ׳ָ֣֮ӲһŮǰһʷǰ׺ġָݺݵ绨жԺһǡ
էַ֣ͬʱˣ
绨пһľ׮һ㣬ٴηϣ
һչ𿴵һȵߵܣֹȻףҲϣ
ǻûȹݺһĸּХһйĿǡСӥչ𣬶Է죬ַǿ졣
˫ۻ֮䣬·޹ǵıӣҲ޹ǣָһ׶ͬһ㣬ޱȵسչ˫
չһ˿ӥצӦС
žžֱֱ嵽̨Ϸ绨һռ˱䳡ľ׮׽ɱһʱѽѷ֡
ʣµҶ𼦶ľ׮֮ϣƮƮָڱעŶĺɴŮӡ
ʮλġ衯𣿡
ԷǳǳһЦüΪӢʵɤǣǺˣ
ġʮ׷ޡ˺δ
ԷȣѡǽװʵڿԷĳСʮ׷ޡںδ
С˧ҪҪԼֹһأԷ̲סŶԷĿ֮£Ҳʲôľٶ
û뵽ҶǸƽԲҪʱ򣬸ӲҪĵ䷶Զʱ˵ͷ˵ãǲǣ²֪
ʱҶѾΪһֱֶȥ˫ķ·ժѩһ㣬ңɾɽ÷֡
һĨ̺һ㣬Ҷ˲㵽˶Էǰ˫ʳָһ㣬ֱԷǶ
ŮӺɴһ˫ĿʱһһȻףĺã
ָһ㣬Ѹޱȵػƿռ䣬һǳҶָˣ˺޻εӲӲһǣ䳡նòһˣ


052 ܻ
˫ָɲǽӴȴǹûзֿεճһ
Ҷġɽ÷֡нضԷڵһ˲侹Ȼ˸գԷһ޵׶տյһԷȴγһ©ýҶȫУӲ̶쳣ǿҶľȻһʱѲ
ھ⻤סˣδţδҶ֮ʱŮЦһһֻȴǷһ㣬ָâֱ
ͨһ˺Ȼ
Ϸɣ
һλֵĵ䳡ʱ
ôˣѵȺ׼Ҫۻ᣿
֮ǰʯŵԼսʱƽѵһ־Ȼѵسھ׸˵κһǰû׼š
ʮλġ衱Ϸɵĳ֣Ҷ̼Σ֮С
ܡצżȻͬԱǰϷҲûл֮
ۼԷġָҪؿڣҶХһһڤ񹦡ʩչԭסĻʱѩһ߽⣬ڡ
ϷԭһĿʱ˾֮飬ı仯Ԥ֮⣬кһ۵ġָʱΪ̣˲
ҶЦһŷġơʩչ˳Ϸɵֱ۲ƶϣžһ£סԷļͬʱڤ񹦡ת˼£ӵڵĿռ䶼ɲǳ˿ռݵĻþ
ౣ
Ϸɫ䣬һȻһ⣬ݶγɺڶ״ĿռʱĵȻУҶɳȥɾ룬ºŶ䣬һͷĿѣ
ǼϬ
˵ĲҶǳĺͨ
ΪϷһɤӣҶ亦ʮɿĽʿҲڶ¶֮ɫ
һϷԭˣʱתȺʱһƬ֮
ԭɴ֣ϵɴȻȥ¶һžӺݵӣһüбޣ˫ᣬɣμκ㵹覰ɽܵƤʱ޵ĸо
䳡ϣ˫˾㶼֣·߻ӡ
Ϸһλָǹ̬ȣü˳ĿվϷһհģ
衱Ϸ书֮ϵĸֻţĶʮС衱Զֵͷ
ڶഫ˵Уòȷò绨ģ˭Ҳûмû뵽λ־Ȼò˵زƣµ񽭺еġʮŮһԱϵı仯һ˿Ůǲӵеĳϡ
̴ῪϷɳԵɤҶСܹȻˢӣܻǸɱħɹ񣡡
˵ʲô
ҶŶ䣬죬ȫԷĻ
Ϸɶʱ󷭰ۣԼֲܸԷӲӴ󺰡
绨ȴһĳҶ˵ˢӣ
ʲô
ˢӣ

绨Ѿһգ˫ִˢӣҶǰһȻ
Ҷڡޡһ¶ı飬ϷһϹллָ̣´ϴһҴ걳
׸ү绨ŭ
ȺôЦϷɲѱˡ
Ҷ¶һ޹ı飬Ҳܹ˭öԷХԼʧϡ
Աߵչȴš衯ǰ˵ǰһϲΪδ˴ȴԶĴӽϸϵ˵أרĳЩ˳ͷأ˵֮ǰǸ֮ĹϵûôѺðɣ
Ϣô⡭ϷЦǸ׿ộȴǸ޳ԹγɽȴΪ˳ǷµһʾծһᣬǼСӻǹԹý뿪ĵطǡ
ҶʱѾָһЩ׶ԷĻ֮Ц˵¾ҪȡСܵ˵ɣ̫СȴǰĪ˰
˼Գơ㡱ǻ˳ֱӸˡ
衱ϷĿһ䣬ЦûϵˣСܰæԼã
һ䣬ٿȻһĨ̵ȻҶǰ˫ͬģҶ
ٶ֮Ŀ࣬Ե绨չ˶ְæ
Ȼһ󲿷ԭԱֵǣƣԼҶȫΡ
ҶһЦͬԾ𣬷У׷ϣڿʩչṦ似žض١
һָһתָܼľ϶׶
һŲƣֱľ׮֮ڣȫֱûֱۣݿ֮ƱȴһֽҲûʲô
֮䶷ʱ㹥صľ֮Уûʲô⣬˴ҹֳܷʤ
Ҷսǵ
һս뽩һսȴ
սֱֳ仯λãǶֵ绨һǡСӥչġݺ
˵ĹȫǽΪġ֡͡
Сӥӥצצצ֣ʩչǡצ
һһᡣ
ʶȫƵġ֡ȴֽȻͬķǺÿ
ԭҲһƾеսչĹѾͻͽȡצƣչĹͻ˽ơ
СŽ䣬ΪѹƶԷû뵽չʤһӥצʹ˿Է޷ҵһ˿϶ֻʼһǻצɳȥɾ롣
չһ˫һչУֱʹһСԼȻǸշ˫ֻӳûɫĦÿռ俨죬޴ļһβȵĶһΣҽһʬľ׮֮¡
һ˫뱻𾪵
չһͣбת֧Ԯ绨С
ǺĴ󺺼ݺﱻɱŵûɢչ˸ǰѾһ绨Χ׼䣡
绨ɱúۣݵѡȺХɣۣԲ˳ŵֵıӰͶһųգʯĥСš
Сģ
Ǻڴ󺺸ոĹ̨ѾͨѣȴѾһ졢ʤǰǺڴ󺺱绨һֱҳһͬʱȻУ̨˰ߣ
ౡ
Ӱ׷ɣϷȻ̨ϣƳҶһۣ΢΢һЦһˣ
ȵȣ˭˵ˣ
ͨǼһܻس˳


053 Ļ
ͨοǶˣ벻ԼһΪһʧı䣬ֳ⣬ǸϷô£
ʲôҶӲ㶼ڳϣûһܶõġ
ռ˱˵ͨô̵Ҳ˲ýͰѼסˣµˣˣı䣬һûأû꣡˵û䣡
Ҷһ̣δſڣϷɫһ䣬ͺȵʲô˼һû˵Ҹȥս𣿰˴ŷʲôʱ䶼䲻ˣ
ס죡ͨͨ죬ȻָϷɺ㻹֣Ȼ󱲶ӮãҶȻ
ϷɫɷףȴӲѹŻʵͨ⻰ʲô˼
ʲô˼ֻ֪ɣͨЦŮ³õ汾£أΪʲôʮ׷ᣬǲ汾°ɣ䳡ϣѣҿйᣬݺ䣡
ͨԴ¿ô˵ңϷɵʱŭְ䣬ȴסʮ׷ᣬʱҪ֣
ʱһϲϡĲʤվȰολס֣ס֣
һȴǵ˶м䣬һͨʹ˸ɫֶϷ˵ŮĪǼˣδжЩƣ֮ԣ֮ԡ˶֪Ů⡾ʮ׷᡿ֻһ֮Ṧ졿µʮ֡ˡòñӰŮʵӣŮһʱûȡʤʵǵֲ˵İĲʧƫģҴŮǣ
ߣܴ˵ĻܺãܺáϷ۾ضŲʤζԣҵȷǾȫˣҶСʵףҲȡʤߺߣܴǴԳ֣³սʤҶСඣ
Ҳңʤ֣ȴһ˿زסĽթ
ϷɿʤϻʵգڷǸڲȨƵģ˵ԼȫȴʤҶʲô˼ߵ˲ĿģĿǱԼѹ֧ԼķǸϡ
Ǹ󣬷Ǹ󡭡
ΪʲôԼԶԶرܿù֣ȴǸǣ壡
Ϸɫ࣬˵ҴӦǸϵѾˣɲɵľˡ鷳ܴҴǸļλһ仰պʲôС飬ĪܷңյӣҲΣλǣ
˵һ֣ͨһۣתߡ
ŮŮ
ʤϷȴ۽Ƕû˦һ£һչƮȥ
ߣʤϷɵıӰһЦ
ͨչʵ֣Ϸɣνһ
ʤǳһȣȻ֣һϵƣͲˣϷݵĺã
ͨǺһЦѹϷɣ׿ʦãǸͷǲǶ׿
ꡪʤ˸ۣصЩ˵׿ʱڲ⣬Щ֪ӶõһǸֳɽԽϴŵţ׿ϷɵΪ׿ľٱ˵Ϊ죬ϸ⣬£ûʲô֪ǲ֮٣ϷǽĽǸôܷΪⲻǸֵ˰ˣвģǱˡ
ͨ棬ʵˣ˭Ǹڵǰ׿Ʋˣͬ󱲣˭
ʤ̾˿вλģڷǸڣڷǸ⡭
ͨǲԣʤһۣĬĬһָ
ͨģҲһָʵʲôһ
һһ
һɽׯ
ͨʱһ˵֣϶سһ
ֹȴܵӢۺܡ
ιϵô£ûа
ôŮˣ䰡
ˣҪ³ս֡
վéӿɲܲʺһӭս񰡣
ģϰ

ͷϷʵĲǱˣȺκԽҲ£ȫһƱĺڵֺúְͨ˴ŷ߸ϵһΪС˴ǰ٣ʵҲ֣˳ӥһ绹ûȻһʼͱ˸ΧסԲС
ʱͨͲʤվڳŲߣˣ䣬ʱȺһ˳
ͨʱɫףʤȴǹһЦΪ񣬵λӢۺúղⳡ䣬˵ǶԷʤˣҷ飡
绨̨ǰεŰӣԺȵȻ䣬Ǳð죬µĸʲô
ʤҲŭȻɫ峡λҲƣԻȥϢս
飡
ͨһΣվŭȵʤǵڸʲôãʱ䣬趨峡޹һĪʲôɸ˵Ŀģڤ޵أΪһֱû
ԣǲʲôɸ˵ĿģκԽȺȣΧʱһƬ֮սȺжв˺
ʤ΢΢һЦ֣ôܣóƺٹǺǡٹʱ֮λôʹأ
ȺǷŲͣΪͨǰ˴ҵļ֮⣬ھ׸ίʵô

ѿսһɫ磬ֱҹ֮Уʤϻ˵ûıƣǾ³ȻȻɣ
Էֱӽսʤ΢Цӵʱ
ˣŭվսʲôҲ㵱ǼٵĲɣ

ӥŶˣϻ˵չ۷ԵץҵĻᣬ̣ЩСݲáʱҲˣҲˣӰҲѾ˾׸̫ķҲѳ˾׸ŵӡ¾㱸ߺߣʱ䣬˵ȥ˰ɣѾȵĲͷˣɡ
ӥһʤ졢ͨɫ˲䣡
ڴʱһХԶٴ
ԭӥɫͨˣʱתʧɫΪϲ
ͨǼһȵãڤϵܳˣչ۷ɣҿ㻹ʲôӳ죡
ͨŭһƨıڤأҿǲ˰ɣʱ򻹴ƨİţǣһ
ǰЦĪϷڴˣĸǰһս

ӰֱбһĻȣٶȿ磬˲㵽ĸǰһצֱ£ϮʺͬʱһҰĶϺɢ˷
ңӥչ۷ɣ
飡
޻ڵӥƴһǣʱԶΪģ˷ɢ


054 ɱ¾ս
ߵͨʤˣҲۿɼıˣ׼֮ˣǱˤ紵һҹǧڣͬһ㣬һƬһƬ
ƺ߰¶֮ɫϺȵչ۷ɣȻز¶Խʮֵ˰ɣ
չ۷뷢ţ̬ۣЦһ죬׸֮ͽվϷ򿴿߸λ⼸꣬书ûн
һ䣬˫ֽŲã֮ӲӲضԺʮȭţ񱩵䣬ԭı̨˲㱻ɣȺֻ뿴֮ĶԾ˫һƴٹ˼ΧһУǱ̼ǶΣգ
չ۷ɶһӣָ⻮ɫϸߣʺ
ȻЦһһͬâɢֱչ۷ţչ۷ɲܹһȭȴȻ̻ͬţһٶȭ𣬵ƫ쳣ֱչ۷˲˱ʮɣܿһ
ݵһЦȵ֮ڻ˽ҿӥġϵսʤҡơġ֮
ӥԷһбʮɾ룬ɫȴ˿գһЦ𣬻Ҫ֮ǰŻ𣿴ҹѾһ˿֮Ϥ֮Ϊһ׾ȡʤ𣿻
չ۷ָצһ죬ڿһһĽγɣǡϵĹӥ˵ܹ֮ͨб仯һֵһҪ飡˽𣿵ҽˮˮܿ˻𣡡
ӥһǵĽ߶ʱͬưضһΪΪɲ֮䣬߸֣ͬˮƲŵˮ档
ӥһЦһģˮƴ磬ХȥĩХĴһ㣬ϯȥ
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˫üһпչ۷ɵʵȻѾԼ֮£һ˫֮ϻƣ˺նҹ׹䣬ֱ˿ɵĴ֮У
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ʧΪأ˼ҪΪʵľʽṹû㵹֮⣬̩ᣬ˲Ȼ
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͢ʹݵ۸ߺǣ˵ѱ͢Χּó͢Ҫȴʱ
ĺʱȺը˼ҵķ졣
ɱ
ĳ͢ɱ䳡ԭǵжԷĸ֣ȴ׵ɱ
˴Һĸ֣Ԫ˶Ȳԭ֣ϷǸǱֱڵɱȻÿӥ˵Ŀ꣬ʮӥڵ绨ˣǵĿꡣ
ԭĹƽ䣬˲˳͢Χս
͢ɱʮӥȼκһ棬ͻƽ򻧺
һһ߳ɤӣͼӴף
ԭΧһЩֻǿֵʿһ˺ͣӥһȻȴǱΧУܲס˶࣬ʱ̰̲סҲΧɱ
ҶһʮˣʱΧ֮С

ҿүİͨĲҪ
Ҷһ߷һָ֣Ǹ˴ҵĵӲҽжûüһһǶϽ۵ıҵһƬȺ
񫣬񫣡
绨տˣͬһ㣬һԴұһɨһƬĵط˳ͬʱȣҪҪﹷɱ˲ͣƽʱѾ۶ѣǸã
Ҷûط˸ۣԱߡСӥչͻȻʵҶӣ㽣أ
ҶһԼû
ΪԴȬ֮Ҷʶر߾ȴû뵽Լʱ书Χ֮С
߾ڴˣƾ񽣵ϡ߽󡿵ĵᴴ䵱ɾ֣൱ʮλһͬʱ֡ԼҲʮսԲȺŹ
ҶΪδص̨ʱȫ˱䳡Χ
ӥѾʤͲ֪ٵıڤ޵Ҳ϶Ҫ֣ӥڵӥͬͨĶʮº֣κԽһʮ˵ֺú˵Ĳӥ񣬷صֵ˵Ĺ
ӥŭӥӥ书ǿǿκԽºͺ֣ͨȴǱһֹ߲ΧʱҽеأȺ࣡
ʽһƬΣ
ҶԼΣĿһ棬˼ֵĲʤ֮⣬˴ҵͨ˾ͽ껺˾ͽ׿ֵܶˡԪ˶һЦϹۣò⣬ʱдŭһֵܺȵɱȥˣ
ȥչʱﲡǷʡ
ȥԸ˴ҵԣ
Ҷ˵֮һҪȴչһסһҶֵܣ統̰֮𣿡
ǣ绨˫Ŀȵȳͷ飬ɲң
չһЦĪҼֵܼˣڣһʱ⣬ֱǰɱ
˵͵ǰȥһХǰͰ˴һѪ׵
ɱ
绨ֱֱɱǰȥ
ҶҡͷͬʱѪڣʮָȺ׷Ѫɲ׷϶ˣֵҶΪͷչ绨ңȺУϣֱзλöȥ

սһ棬ӥ˲˰Ȼս֮С
ʱλԱߵĲʤҲǴһµչ۷ɵ˴ʱҲʤȡ
ʤȻλֶԾ֮ʱԱߺһܣһ𣬶չ۷γΧ֮ơ
ɣ
ռ·ѿһ㣬һɫâͻȻڲʤǰʤгìһᣬһǽâɣ
ڰУȴʤĶڣܴĪҪĶǽĳŶԣ
λΪһӰѸص˲ʤǰһǰָƿʤ˫ֳìһᣬìӲס˶Էһ
ˣ
֮ͬһ𣬽䳡ΧովǱȥĹڣٴαƷɣвڱӹУͻȻһҽУΪѪɨУֱ顭
ڣбǰָʤгìȴת⣬˳˦ɳȥ


055 ն
һٿȻһϣŽȻܿìˣŷ𻮿˿ռһ㣬ͻȻڲʤǰ֣ѿսǽмѵһġϵڶݵľڣʵַɢᡣ
ʵղŽһĴ͸ʱգǽɢСĿƹìˣìۣ֮γĽٿȻ˹ȥ
ֻšѿս̵ˣȴ˽ꡣ
ìڡʤδܸκ޾֮ǰ߾ϵڶʮλλĽ壬ֻڶʮλʶʤ֪佣ȴȫ˽⡣
ʱԷâȻܿԼ裬ͻȻǰʱһȻˣǵ㽣â֮ͬң׷ţۿҪ壬ܵ˺
ʱһһͬˮ㳤ȻɵһڽĽâ֮ϡ
ݡ
һ͸ˮ׷潣֣ע֮£ɱڤ޵е
ĮģһббһֵȻڱһɸģ
ڤϹ
Ҷͺһа˵һֻ̾Ͳôˣ
ӥ˵Ĳ²⣬һΧָʲôһԳ飬Ļع飬ζ岼ɣȫˣ
ڤ޵ڳȺУǰ˴ҵĸǴкã
һЦһ񱦽죬ڤ죬ǲˣ
ڤ޵ЩãԸ𣿡

һЦУͨȻΧɱİ˴Ҹ֣׷ױãǰһ
ֻ˫ķʴĶƤ˽űڤ޵еڵ˼µʱˣڤ޵Уǵˣһˣ
ڤ޵һӻӣҿ˭㣡
̴ͨĴָЦҳȻײܣŷ˶ģֻҪʤѽ㲻˵ȥܽ뽭ʮ꣬صֵܲ˽죬صͷˣ˵һָڤ޵Уǵԣøĸˣ
˵úãڤ޵ݣͨȻһԾŶҸᣡ
ܿԼӢۺܣ˴ͬʱѣ벻걱ڤ޵лʲôѱͨץΪȵĻ֣ûбڤ޵ɱҲĲ˵ȥ
ʲôܾúͨʮûн뽭Ҷ˲д棡
ôֻ׬Ǯ֣ԭΪ˶ƹ񰮲벻ڵȴչü
ҶѹɤֻܶԱڤ޵еӰ첻Сƹʮǰл񣬿ôã¾ԲСڤ޵ӣƺһ㶼أ
ʱǨҲڤ޵Ѿ±ϵ˰ɣ
пܣ
Ҷűڤ޵ԴЦݣаҲпǱڤ޵㹻Ľȫ
MDӵ·˼ˣ
ҶаޣȻ󣬵ôҶҲ֮һȻ˺ӣеĲú͵з֣׼ӥƹͽϣԸԼĸ֣Ҳ֮ǰ¶һϷɣ֮⣬Լһ㣬赲Լĸ֣˵Ĳ
䣬䣡
ҵ𵴣ƹ񡱺ͨ롰ħڤ޵Уѿս롰ìڡʤ˫˫֣ײһȻͬʱⵯѰҸԲᱻ˴ŵս
ͷûЩǶĸţҶоֳնʱ½һĵȼ̲סȻһЦû˾ûϷ𣿿Ұ˹ǵıݰ
һĹҶУͬʱȵŴˣ
Ҷδ䣬Ĭֵܣչ˫绨һȣȻһ𡪡
𣡡
ʨӺ𡿾ȻֳȻۿɼĳ̶ɢ𵴵Ŀһ˿Ťֳ뱻һ£˲
в˸Ѫ۾ףֱӱеǾǣһʱ˷Ӧ
ͬһʱ䣬ҶǶԪ˶ġѩµһƬâͬɳ̲ĳϫӹȺ
ɳ̲ۼһɲǼ䱻Ĩƽ
ͬҶȫһҲĨƽֵͨз̨ĵ·
Ҷһĵķ֮һ֪֮
ǰֻðããĹһű䳡ٸļ׮뱻һ㣬ֳ·֣ҲƬ̣˲Ӿ̵Ѫͷ漴ڵء
پʬͬʱԵҶֵǰʱճɺһƬյء
ɱúã
Զӥ˿УκԽĴɤſͺȣ
塪
濴̨׾룬ûвʤڤ޵ȾҶЦ㹻ĸش˺
סǣ
͢ʹɫ԰ף˻¡
һ£һ˲ʮĸֳɱס˵ĽϮ

绨һɨ˴޼ҳϴ޳еűλʮĹڸôѪ˫ֻڱѣ
չ࣬צ֡һһ֮䣬ץ֣һ·裬ŵ˷׷׻رܣ˺Լֵܣ
ҶţοͲᣬ¹ӰˣԿȡʤİƸűϮָֻһһһеΨһѽָͷμסͬʱ´˶ԷһۣߵڤҵĴҲˣСӸǸĸһ黹һڤ
˵һλڤҵġڿնȥҶһβ࣬ȥ
λڤ½ġĻᶼûУͱҶ˳ȥֱܴ裬Ķˡ
Ҳû취֮дҲʵ׵֤
ֻϧҶɡӥչ۷ɵĻѹֵÿҫ
ʮ֮УҶͷģҲΨһ⡣
ôһ̫ﱻóᲢۣߵͣƫƫгҶôһԼһɰݰӵֵܴòͬ죬һῡֵܸȣƨ㲻ϣ
ڤҵġĴ̫̫һŮСڤ޵ԽԸҲһһƺǱڤҳ˶һС
ġڤҶУȫܣȡʸʵ֤ʱǱڤֲʵҶ̫ˡ
ڤҵĴһɨɣӭͬʱӡ绢ХĬ۹򡢹ȫһµĸ֣ȴ˾ͽλȨĵܵܡ˾ͽ껺˾ͽ׿˳ơ˾ͽ˫ǡ


056 ʩΪ
ҶһˣɵһЦ˫һţ˶Էһƣͬʱ˵ϣⲻ˾ͽҵλôòڴ˵أλڸҳͷˣúҪĻ
ҶϷʱѶɫǺ죬˾ͽȻϷ˾ͽ껣ʵʵȨȴԶҵĶ磬˾֪顣
ͷʮ껹˵ܣϲ̵ϰ׳գʿȡЦʮ֮á
С֪ɶ񣡡˾ͽҧгݣǺХ죬ƴȫ
Ȼλһֱ˾ͽ껱ѹʼհѲĸ׵Ӱ
˾ͽ׿Ȼûз֮λͬĸ׺ǳΨΨŵŵҶ䳰ȷлһܣ磬ĪϻǺɱ
˻֮ʱһƣ˫Ȼ٣һѹȶȻһࡣ
ҶȻ壬ЦһϮ⣬һָмλã
飬飡
˾ͽ˫ǵһͬʱҶĻӡҼ֮ϣ˲һǿĪķ֮ϮϢֱӽƷ˳ȥ
Ҷſֱӽղ塿ӵ˼£˾ͽ껺˾ͽ׿⺷Ĵ򷨣ΪҶɵû뵽ԼֱӱԷ˻˲е٣ùӽʺһٰ㣬۵һѪЩˡ
ʱҶǰָһ㣬ĪڰȴͻȻ̳һͬһţ
˾ͽ˫Ǵһ׵Ҷˣһ˿Ц⣬ǰþòΟ
˻˻˻
ɫߵĽҶָѺĽ£ָ΢΢飬΢жļ󣬲̫Ԫ񹦡תһܣָ׹һԻ⡣
ӭһͨĸͻȻ΢΢һЦùӦҶ벻䣬Ҳܱʶƣ
ҶһЦΪȳζ̫ˣ
Οвж֮ɫƣҶĪţΧӳ죡
ΟԹݰɣǸȻħŰйᣬ˴ҵ滹Ҫģ¶вأС޷뿪չ
ߣ
ΟһΣȺ֮У֪ǽݣһ࣬Ż͵Ϯ
߰㣡չͳǰȻħŹΟ߲Ⱥ֮С˴õˣȻħŶܹ
Ҷһǻ浶ĶýͷöˣͬʱȻ໪۾ˣҲпͶ˱ңΟƵеˣ˫ͬΪħţֻΪ֣
绨ȵȲǹҧھҪȹԹ⣡ɱ
ȽҫХȥ·־зٺˡ
˺ˣȴƫƫ˲аƶϣ

Ӱӿ绨̧ͷһͷһǾĺĸ֣֣ڷǸǰֳڡ
书ףѲŰΪԼ书£ֻΪûкʵͷһηǸʹϵг͢ʹ£ҰıŷΪԼĻᣬԶжΪģ绨еĿ񱩹˷׷׺ˣԱâƫƫϣ͹Լڲͬ
ͬʱģ֣嶼ڵ龳ĶʤԼ嶼׸ڵ
˵嶼壬Үץչ𣬽ҶƻԵʻرչҶɱ˻ʸ˷Ǹ£Ǹ֣ҳ͢໪۾𣬶дޣһ·Ҫһѩǰܣʶֺ飡
ֻӿϮͬǣǴӵ洳ֱͬҲ绨ȴǱܿչмҶ
ȴӿ룬Ƽ绨š
ʤԴƿ°סŻִָɵֱ绨ţڵȴжѸ磬ٽ˫࣬ϢȴԼӡ绨ؿڡ
úã
֮ǰûо˵绨ʱΪ˷ܣһ֮ǰڴʯǰڶ౻޺Ŀˣ䳰ȷԼֵܣ绨ͺ޵һ棬ʱŭ𱬷ŭһ˿Ҷ˵ĹҲܸ·ֵһ٣˫͵һɫɢ䣬¶ͬϸĸ첲ֱֱץȥ
飬飡
ǹȫӡ绨ϡ
ʤһƣ绨ߣڵҲӡ绨ؿڣԼһƣҲ绨Ķš
һɲǣͬʱֻкӴĸоȻûз޴ĺӺصıϿԷڣȻִһ䴦޾ԨãȻ֪δƾȴһȭڿУֲֻ֮У˸ľ
绨ڵȻƬ̣Ϊ̣ͽȻ˷ֻ֡
ͬʱ󺧣ֻʼЩ֪롣
绨еġ޺ȶ񹦡ȻˡաľأѾﵽ绨ʦʦ߾磬ʵ̳еꡰ޺
ֻ绨еꡰ޺ʵҲɲ޺ΪʵףʵǶĶɮǳɲ޺ģ
ͬʱ绨ԭӦ³ǴȴǺһЦ˫Ȼסͷ壡
߳
ͬСһס˲ӣ˫ͷس绨˫ƷХֱ졣
绨ЦƾԷžشͷֻ˫ǰ壬۵һ˫ֲԷ֮У
۵³һѪ˫ץס绨Դ˫Ŀֱ¶־ı顣
֣
ʤȭ۾ȫϧȴһ
绨˫һ֣УǺ˺룬Ѫ࣬˷
׵еıǺļ֣бѪˮһͷһֽžµ棬ѪˮŻ²ֹ

ɮ绨вкһգȻУֹǶϽۣ׷ɥ
ɮ
ʤʱȫȭź䵽ǰȭӿ
һĺڵ׹䣬һֻ֣ͻȻǴ˲٣ɫҲʮڣȷ硣
ɱħӣ绨һȭƽɫľͬһɽХѹʤһȭɽǰϡ飬δüջһȭ˫ȭѾ䡱һײһ
ž
ϸܵĹٴ𣬶ʤȭ绨һȭ÷飬űСۡϱۣһȭݺڼ֮ϣλڵİӲãֱӷɳʮɿ⣬֪
ͬһʱ䣬绨еһƸڵħ޻ڵضԺһǣ

绨ȵϰһΣֺڵȴһнƷˣѾʮɿ⣬ת˲Ⱥ֮С


057 絶
ɶ񣡡
绨ƿڴȺħӶ𣿡
չһ˴Ҳɹõˡ
Ҷɫ
˫ʮָͬ꼻ʢǿָɢǰʮ·ַ׷׵ֵ֮ڶֻһСҶָҶǰ赲Ⱥÿ΢Ӧһģ㱻ָУðѪڵء
ǰʱһգҶһֱ˳ȥ̨ϵ˶ȥ
չ绨Ȼ󣬿ٸϣֻ˰λ׷ȥ
̨ʮλΧΪ׵ĳ͢ʹΧԳϸǰҶüŭȡȴûһ˵ҳɱǰ
ʱͬʱԾ϶濴̨ҶһСлڡ񱩵ǰһ죬˶׳Ӣۺúͬײɵıƿʱ·ɢҽֻ˵Ӱ
ԭҲǱֻʺˣҸܳһˣסͬʱչסҶĲ
ˣһ׳һݣ㶼ǺɫסеòԵüΪء
ʲôˣװŪ绨бһӭͷ£Ҫм令ŵҸϡá
񱩵ľŵɫ԰ףһƨڵϣֻܿҶ˵Яǿûеء
ʱ׳ͬһӭϣȭ͵ǰһǿ繥ǴХ𣬺Ȼ绨Ĵϣ
ˡ
绨ľ˲䶨񣬽žоһһȭ֮˳ȥȻҵ˿̨ı߽ǡ
Ҷڣ˶Ǵһ
绨е˵˭Ȼܹ绨һϳ̣
Ŀ࣬ˡ
绨ıҲǳصģԷ绨Ӱ죬ȫµòǰסԴĶñȫ绨飬¶һž޴ͺͷͬʱԷȭʵȭͷһƣֻĸָȫƹ֮С
չüͷһ壬ͺȵָǷǸĸ֡
ҶȴüͷչһЦδˣԷĸ֣ײӺбˣ
ӷʩ˵ˣͷ̧¶һ⡢⺷ףȫһһ£ϲƵĺɫ۱㱻ϡ飬¶һλŭĿ·ĴСǽ伣ʮ֮õľˡײӺС
ǲ˵һλһӰġժĵˡඣ
ƶ
֮ʱһλĸϵսͬƬһ㣬棬ᣬȴĸݵժĵָԼβͰ룬ϸɷ׵ָˣ絶ָױͿ˴ɫ
ָ໥˴죬˻ɴʱܳˡ
չǰһҶƽжЦһλǰ벻ôˣ컹ˮ
ײӡժĶЦ¸һЦǰһҶҶչСҲ֪𣿸㣬׿ָɶλרΪ˶ԸǼġߣǻɱ˶λİͽܣҿô
¡
һը촫绨ƿ̨ذ壬ӵзٿȻҶһս˫۾ĽضŸղһȭԼɵĶ֣һ˻аٴսٻغϣ
绨ûöѶԸΪԷǿӲǿʤ֮ģ

ײӺһЦԱժĵ˳ȵйţӣһûôǻˣ
ժĵҲЦһȻǶˣôϷǲһ̡ɲ˶࣬ͳȫǰɡ
ϣ
ʱײӺժĵϰĹ壬˲ʩչֱ˶Ҷ
ҶȻʵ֣ȴڰǰʵʮ꣬˹ͳ¯Ľ׶ΣЭͣԴϢء
ҶһҲͬǲãҶչ绨ֵ˺ӭȥ
ʵҶײӡժĶеκһ·磬ײӺժĶˣκһֶչ绨ǿһ
ⳡжľ棬ûΪĶѶǿ֮𣬷ʵΪ൱ֻ˫ٳԼĬϵĳ̶ȡ
ײӺ˫һϣһһ£˫һģ˵һ죬˫է֣ƵƿƾХ֮ǰѹҶ磬ȴش绨Կǣ
һʽֹˣͬʱժĵ˵ЦԷײӺ֮ǰ
ҶӾУȳ֣׼ƣһͬʱ˫֡תơʹ͵ײӺе֮ϡ
ǣԷƹȻ̼⼱Լ绨ȭײһһײӺ֮ĻԼһΡ
ͬһʱ䣬绨һȴźֵĶţ
һߣҶֵʱһϢӿ
ͷժĵ˵ָ⡣
ժĵ˵ġצɲǲ˹ͷݽצΣյĲǺݲݡ
Уʹָ߲շģȴǲ࣬ʹݾ׵ģҲֻժĵһ
ժĵһл޵عȴҪײӺͻҪ¡
Ҷոʩչתơ绨һвʱתֶԸժĵˣҲҪһڣò
˲ս֣ҪСӥչˡ
չҲȻ˫ʩչӥצֱ֡ӭ˶ֵĹ˫ָɲǽӴʱڷ֮ؼžعʮС
ժĵ˵ġצչġӥצצצǴӡ֡ݱ֡ĵһҪҪӴ
˫õĸ֣ôһ棬вɲǵʱ䣬˾ȻѾʮУ̻ͬ˲ʿһƬ
ժĵҲǡסһȻû뵽չپȻܹ·磬һ󱲱ȣժĵҲǴΪŭһֱ͵޹ǣƤһ㣬ͬʱҲָѳͬǹӵݵطֵˡ
ժĵһнһУϹȡգ澢ʯ
սʱࡣ
ժĵôһ֣չʱͷʵܹժĵ˵ٶȱѲͬ죬ʱ־ȻֿһչЩӲˡ
ʱ仹ǸҶȡˡ
ֻҶ̾һڴӡתơľлɹժĵˣʹһ
̾
еԪ˶ġѩ񵶡䣬ûаεֻƣƴ
ƿգ֮ͻơ
һ֮ͬڰųһȻţȻ
棬ɵһеҲܼ򵥡ͽС浶


058 ȫ
ժĵ˾һ˫ӻӭҶ浶ȵ
Ҷ޵Уÿһĵժĵ˸ոʩ֮ʣѻĺ󾢡
ջӻȫʧȥЧҶĵâȴѵǰ
ժĵ˹Ȼͬ죬˫һָǰӵУնǰĵ䵯ɡ
һʮ൶֮󣬻Ѿ赲סѬժĵɫͨ죬ͷ·ϸǱɢĻճһƬƬܼС
ժĵ۴УǿֵҶĹ
ԼÿһηҶַĻ浶ж˺ľ
ժĵÿһУҶȥ
ժĵμߣʮУȻҶȥ֮һҲԽԽҲ⿪ʼе
ֻʩչһ֮Ҷȴûгʤ׷ǱúϾֻ׼ƣԷʽһŷ
ʲô
һĻĸ֣ڴʱҶĵһȽϣûһҵƵĵ
ѵ⵶ҲλͯԴ
⵶Ѿﵽˡ֮ġ֮˰ɣ
Ҷʹģֹڡ
շ
ҶΪ磬ʹһ߳޼᲻ݣ޹̲ƣ޹ˣݿ硢Ƶǵڵȣĵġĵ
ĵʤ
Ҷĳ֣ĵ
е޵޵֮
Ҷÿһժĵ˱æһᡣ
Ҷûз
ֻС
ĵԽʹԽ죬ԽԽһ˲䣬̨֮ȫҵĵ֡
ĵ֣ȴֻժĵһˡ
ײӺзӦҲȫ֡
ָϡצãϣս֯;ݺύɱҶ
ͬʱ䣬˷λ䣬ֵӻػһ޽Ƕ˺ÿл鹥϶ˣʹ˿ұ졢һ
һ򵨴绨ҲΪ֮Ŀѣۡ
־ᶨչҲΪ֮Ŀ
Ҷٴʵּлľ棬绨չ𾡹İæȴѾˣ
Ҷĵƽ
һֱض϶ֵĽΪ˷أأĿȴΪ˻Ϊ
Ҷոʹ֮ġ浶ȻԼһŸ֮񽣡
ԵΪأΪԽΪ
أн
Ҷַˡ񽣡ġ󽣡
󽣡ȥ仯΢
ֳַ
ʹȴҪ浶潣
ײӺͻһ飬ġָжϡ죬жȥԼҶշһֱָüġ
ײӺвִټӲһ
۵һûָͷĺʵƣ㽫С
ײӺʹһɳȥŵŵһƨڵϡ
ΪӦһѾȫṦҲ޷ˡ
ժĵڵͽĹ֮£תƮһƮһһҶۣе뾪κʼû
ȻδɣϾҲʧȥ˷
ժĵʼԼṦǿţָ죬ÿһУ֮ӳ죬ݺᣬҶһ˫֣浶潣¡
Ѳã⣡
һɲǣժĵ󺹣ŵζ
Ҷҵͻһ䣬ҽ
񽣡֮г彣󿪴أӲӲַ񹥶ȥ
ʱˡ
һϮҵĵűѩһ¶ȣ˲ʮɵľ룬Ҷǰ
Ҷŭ߳һ˫͵һϣϣ
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ͼף
ҶŭһδնЦҶʦ
ϣ
һն䣬Ҷγѩ񵶡͵ϻȥ

ٿȻײ񱩵ٴδԱߵչ绨У׷ױÿⲻҪˣժĵǾײӺУȫ
˵СӡͼѾﵽɼɹôʵѾȫκһˡʱ׼ʱ֣Ϊ˶ɼ͸ӵıΪһɱ֣ԭĿ궨ΪһλҶȴͼвĿӦǡ˾ͽ壬ǡԵ
Ҷϵ۷̤ʯѣ
ϣϡ
ڶյУҶΨڵѧҲΪġŋ翸еؼ̫ٵԵʡ
ʱʹġȼľѾʮ֮һԿȡʤԣӭһɲ֮ʮȫӡ˶Էâϵһ㣬ڶԷâϮ֮ǰ˲䣬䲻ݷؽԷâնϣԷδ˼Ҷ˿
ƴݲȣʵҶĵҲðһ亹
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УȺȵ𡪡
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ȻǰСӡͼ׵ֵסҶʹˮĻأ
ҶԭֱļƻΪײӺժĵ˵ͻȻ֣δȡȴɹиעһʱӥ˷ΪɣֻǼɱ˰ΧȦ
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Ǹƾ׸ٶȼѸ٣ŸȫƣʮҲְ֣ռƻĴͻϮѲЩ͢Խϳ͢Ϊָ֡һģ˸գ

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ǰսμң쳣ѹ֣
ΪָӵҲսսվһԣͷ
࣬һƬݺݺ࣬Ʈ
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һŭȵ˭˭˭©εļƻ


059 ܾ
Ϣŭ
˻һһء
׿ü壬ʢŭ֮£һһҲ̬ǧָһԱߵ榻ͮ£ȥ㣬һҪ˭ǺɽЩϲҲҪһڡ
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ã׿洺磬ֻҪ³ɹȻ£Ͻɽһɽׯǰ׵䣬𣡡

һЦУĽ峤𣬳һȭĳڴȶл׿ˣĳȥҲ

ĽһϮȻȥ
ĽȥıӰ׿ɫأԱӮӢչѹʵĽûҪЮʵھϲ⣡
Աߵ榻ͮԹ¶ֻʦ㣬Ϊ벻ĽȴҪĽڶʮλʮ춼ֻǶ˸ƽ֣ȥʲôã
ˣ׿ͷһ֣Ľ֮Ұģ¾˼򵥡ֳ֮֮ãݹǳ˿ɼϧһ̶ã˵Ŀ԰ϰ׵ֵ֮λءڣߺߡ
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˱վ˫֮ϣʮɣңңԣ
һԱۺЦƮӲݸߵ޳壬Եݣȷǵа
ڡӥչ۷ɵϣ¶һѰζЦ⡣
ȻͬʱƶٿȻʧ˫֮ϣ
չ۷ٶ֮죬ɽκ˿ţƫǰʵ
ٶǡӥľ⣬Ҳǡӥƽ֮࣡
ӥϡӥצศˣӥһצץɽ
ٶԽ죬ľԽ
ӥһ£ͨٶȣҲٿ˵ٶȡ
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ӥۺΧɽˣֺԸֻҲδ¡
ҲǶǸӥ޿κεԭڣ
չ۷ɵġӥѴṦϰߵ߾磬תʣʱʧȥһ㣬ǷˡʯлӡؿࡱҶɷҲһٶκˡ
УԷһԼƶֻ˳ȥʮɾʱԷѾʮɵľ룬̼ǰ߽˫צһ֣ʺС
һȻԷٺȴǲֺ˫һ꣬ȼܻ棬ִԷʺһצͬʱϥ̧𣬻סСȴһӡ߶۵ĻӡѸͷɳӡչ۷ؿڣ
չ۷һŤ˲䵽Ҳ࣬Ҽ࣬Ȼľ
ͻһ䣬ܿԷһͬʱȺڣȼһ棬ɨչ۷߲ࡣ
ӥ֮ϣͷ½ϣ˻죬˫צһĽɫϸֱƶ֣֣̱Խֳʬ
Ŀһһ
ʱΨһӦ飬ˣ෽ܿչ۷ɵȫһ
Ҳ֪Ϊ˱ܣ˳ƣչ۷ɸܷӳɽĹơչ۷ɿҲ޷ü
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顭
һ˲䳬ȭͬһƬ̻ȭԽɫϸߣֱӵչ۷ɵǰ
չ۷ɴһúã
ʱѵȥ޻صƣƴӥ죬᲻ã
˫˲͸Էֱ䵽Էϣ
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ǿֱӽɳȥȻҽǼ֮Уǵשһһζ
һлʵʹԷ֣Ҳѵи³
ȭչ۷ɣһˣȭϮǰ˲䣬˫һ񣬿󷽼ˣ̰ˣԷܼȭȻԼϣȻУչ۷ͬɳȥ
ֻ˱ܵٶȼ죬ԷȭȻϣҲٵĺбȥɾɼˣغչ۷һСѪɫתףоâ¶췽
Ȼһײש档
չ۷ȥ̲סһҪͷڹ֪ղŵһҪ
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שȻ䣬¶Ӳչ۷Ȼĵģǰ˺۵ȷѪ˿֮ǳ˾ɥֻǺ֮䣬˿ڱϣѣչ۷ɵʽ
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ӥֱģֲö˵ҸԼӲƴԭǰ˷̲סЦһߺߣֹȻ׼ȫ֪ûð֮˵أ
ҪôŲźãǽŴ
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Ӱٴγӿսתս֮У

磬ǵ˳ˣҶȵ
սչ𣬸̧ͷԺǻʲô
Сߣ
˾ͽ˫ӡ£绨һȣȻ˫Աˣ
˾ͽ˫Ⱥ֮У绨ҶһѳסûгΪغ«
ֻͼ֮ĵ迳һæң
һӡвҶҶ֣Ҳˣ
ҶôģСҲУ
˫һϣȻֿ˫ƻΪӵϳͼ쵶Ӱն֮ϣֱⴵȥ񱩵ҶΧ˲һգ
ʮơ֮족
һڡһ֮µ˫졪
һ˲Ŀ֮ͼ׶Ӳ˸ۿˣ
ֻҶһ֮ҲЩͷͣ˲һ롭
չûһ绨Ҷһ缸̺ˣܣ
˵һչѾӾͷ˳ȥ


060 
׸ѾҳһţǸʵȫ׷ӥһֻЩ˾˼һ㣬ٿȻȫϢ
ӥ˻żԱֻһĴӣ˱ȫʧ÷Ǹ
ʱŷ׸ڣܿõĵˣֻʣҶֵܻӣֵսܹͨýȥġ
Ҷλһĸ֣ᣬ޷彭һЩߵĸΪǵľʱһʱƼ׷׷ɱ
ǣ׸׷Ҷ˵ΧԳ
չ绨ҶתܣԾϷعҶһأһ绨񱼣
ɱ
Ѳ˰˴Һĸ֣˸ոձȥʮɣӭ֣ͷһֳ䵶ǰֵİͺͷȴǡ׻ɰͶ͡Ϲҡļ̡Ϲ
ϹԴĦıȣټǨԭͶǸһҶչ˴ɱʸϹ֣֮ۺ񣬲֣ȴɱҶܣ֮нһʱ䣬γأҪҶһ
ʱۺ졣
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ϹһӡδǿѴǿ磬𷿶ϵƬɨҶһ㣬Ҷ˾
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ϹһЦǳ
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Ϲɿз䣬ȫ·ѹȥ
˫޻εضԺһ顪
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ֻչδ˼м绨ȴǷһţֱ䵶棬ɰͶؿŻʱ󿪣
չһצֱؿץɰͶһתݶֱڣչһצץȥȴǳԷѵͷ
绨С˶ӣȥŪ
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Сģˣ
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һӲ෽ɹǰĸ߿еʱһ޴ķݣץصĸ֣ڶʮλġֽ𰡱ơ
Ҷʱŵûɢ
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ҶԷú˼չ绨ţûͣ
ͳͷҲɴ˼һ֣ЦһٿȻ˵ǰֽ£һֽʵĺᵶԷָͷϣɢһ˶ĿĽ
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ԶȶѾչ۷ɺ컥ƴ˷
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Ҷʱ亹ֱð֪Լݽ˷Ǹץչ۷ɵΧ֮С
ԶݶֳʮӰѷɵİΧ
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˵Ķԣ绨˫ĿɵԲ˷ޱȵ̵񻰣
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ĽҵļĽ׿ݱһƮд͸ݣ룬һ֪е֮ʿ
Ľ˵ʦ֮һԭΪΪĴ󺺣û뵽ȴôһλųߡ
Ľڰ˴һʱǸӪίʵЩ⡣
δҶ˴𻰣ͻȻһԼ֮λ꿡;βЩ;֪еͶСŮԸǸĸ˾ȡ
ͻɤֱ˵飬̲סϧֵܲԼͬͬʱתͷĿһ
ĿһײµľɫŮӣ峤׿ȻüĿű˵ĳ࣬а˫Ŀˡ
һɲǣ绨жɵ̾һøƯĴŮ


061 ׿ս
ֻǵһۣͲҶΪԷ÷ѩ
ΪԷ÷ѩһľɫݣͬһϮ£ͬı屦
ףȽ洿ࡣ۵˫գ͸ȻΣ֮κͿ֬Ĩ۸˶ġ
ʹ˻˫ԵķĿϸȻüë£καʯˡ
ںҹУɫýϣɼһ˫޳絶ǰֳõеɻˮͦ˻Ϊ֮ᡣʹվڵɷĽкȺķˣŮȫȥ
Էһɫ÷ѩȾԺѷɫŮ÷ѩ÷ԷĴԼ
ʹʮɵľ룬Ҷᵽ֮ص϶һ˿ɿܵʡ
ٿһ۶ԷĳҶ³Էݡ
ʱͬʱʵؿԼԷ΢΢һ죬Ȼ̫׽Ҷף

ֵͬʱһĴȣҶ̾Ҿ˵Ůʣ˫
չ绨ͬʱͷСӥ޵µһɵĵӣ͸һȡ
ƶɮ۷绨˫ƺʮ
ҲֻŮܵõƳ磬ѡʮŮ˭ʸѡ
˶ЦһۣʱöҶ׵ɴ۾һʱ֪
ɽУֹˮһŮңעӡƷͷУҶԷԼ֮ʣԼƺЩ̫ԡ
һͷ̲֪ڴɫģ̫׽ڵҶŮ£˴ɽרΪնħΪƾϷŪ𣿡
Ҷüͷ壬ҶͬԻԼʲô
Ҷ̲סɦͷô˵ԭ̫׽ڲרǸ缸ΪУǼλδӲƭİ
δлӦһЦҷһֺݣƵ˼Цһ½ҶǸ˲õԭһ˵˵ɿ֮ͽôЦĻ˵óͲЦϷĴ𣿡
ߺͳŪ䡣
չһ䣬Էʵ˭ͲС֪мݣģЦСүҲ
ЦһɫߵϷݣٺ٣¾ɡˣϷǺӢۣ㵽˵ظˡ
ŶԭͷǺҵμӢ۰
Ҷֵܶλͷ׹ΪģֻΪܵܺۺͺۣһȽţڻûһУڻݹţ֪ʲôɰġ
˵λӢܵܿɲһǺҸ͵һ龳ڵʵֱ֣ĺ
ֻǶԷ˱ţһǰ˴һǰ׵еĸˣⳡ̿ɾͲôˣ
ֻ⼸仰ʱ䣬ʮˣʹԷʮ֮ڣһһĸ֣չʶ㣬ֻɨһۣͱʮ
ϣһɫǲٰ廢ŵ廢Աߵǡ˫šɽϿɵġɽͨɫƺ̰죬벻Ļ
һߵǼλǺڵ֣ĸկկӢɽŭˮĴ󵱼Ҷᣬ¹µġʿơǺǣ涼ͽˡ
չ˵ɣһԵҶԽп಻ԷϺݶģԭֻǽܷΧֵܵȤ
չһƵ̬ȣҶ̲סѹɤʵ磬ģòʲôûҰɣ
չҡҡͷ֪

չʼ磬ûţҹϵаţȻҲҴܣԶǰ˴պϵһѣҪûʲôƻ͵ÿ׶ӹˡ
ԭˡ
ҶͷĪһɣ̲סٺֵӥŲߣȻŵģԾ棬Խݣ˲Խࣿ
˵˴ҶһЦǰһѽѽ߾ģӾ½ҶûͷҲûۣһţƣһȺʹ˵˶۸٣ƨɣһȺǸƨɣ׿ϴˮĹֵ֮
һٱʱȫԾ
Ϊģֻڲŵû
չ绨Ҳһմ࣬һʶҶһؿ绨˫Ĵָ̾
ҶЦǺʵ磬ôǲǰȫɵˣһᱣ׼һǵģ
չľȻһ죬¶һӲЦݣǰһָǰأ

ҿ
ҶʱԴЩΣ˵ǻǰأҪĵص㣡
չľȻͷ
궿ӣˣ
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ô죿
չһ̯֣ʼ磡
ûë绨ߣ첲ӣʵľԴժܵã
Ҷʱ󷭰ۣعͷһЦ˵λҳԴҩˣǸղŵĲ죬ҸԻؼ˯òã
ˣһɱ
뱩ŭȺͬһȺò״̬ҰҲǰ˭ˣһ

һ˲˹ӰЩյĸо
ȻϡҲҶֵܵͷһƬӰ
ܰ
ҶһУ˫סչ绨һ٣Ƴ޴Ŀ˺һ±ʧԭء
ž
һܼ죬ĸְƷ硢˳ܼשͷľʡȫԭվĵص㡣
Ƕ紵ûķ˵ŭһ£Ȼ
ڷݵһ˲䣬飬飡
ȴ飬һƷһɨֵѩףи֮
СǷɢߣ
סǣ
ϵǰУ
Ⱥмеһʶ³𣬸иǽֵľɺޣҶֵܼ˻֡ǧٹֵֶΣ˶ʱҳһţ
Ⱥĸֻ֣Ҷһˣƻ޷ҵչ绨˵֮֮ҶöˣмǺصĿԣ
㿪
ŭһ͵شһֵ͵سһӡ£
飡
ɣһչġצ֡ͬƺӭ˶ֵƣ
ȵ֪
ʱǵһͻػΪʮֻơ
չʱһһʱ侹һǴһʵŵһܶԷ֮ͬһƣ
չдʲôƷΪÿһֻƶ
ԳṦչУӰ׷ϣϷɡ
Ȼ䣬һɱѵĽɫâͬɽ㱬绨һȣٵأ
͵Ƶʣ


062 
绨ľǷȫһ֮£ҫԶһջ䣬¡¡ֱƵʡ
ľ֣˶ͬΪֵҶӣչӵй˼ɣ绨ֵĸַⲻϡ
ǿ񱩵Ҳֻ˫üŴһ䡣
Ʋֻ֣һĳ濴ȥƽƽ棬ȴƥǱ˭棬Ӳ֮ܸ·ֲɵȲɡ
ʱɫҹУԶѾȼʮ֧ѡ
һأԭͬʱͶħŵ£صúܺãҶһҲ޼֪Ǹ뾩׸ɸģ֪֣ȴʼûмȫ֣ʱһ֮󣬶ʱһƬϲ֮顣
ĽͺӢ۵˸ǹȻλ岻ѣ
绨ȴܵöǲ֣ûʲôֻǼӭעȫӲƴһǣ
䣡
Ƶһ绨֮ϡ
֮
绨ƺһֺݺһص棬ͬɫһ䣬Ȼ绨еһһ෭ɳȥɾ룡
Թ޲Ȼʧɫ벻ûһĴ绨ȴеö࣬ȻܹϵľָɳȥҪ
ôһߣԭ׷ɱչɣӸոշɳĵضڣ͵زһٿȻֳ˻ȥ
绨չˣʱʧڵض֮С

ϵשͣȥ
ŭһû뵽ԼȻһлˣǵŲӢۺܵ棬÷ƴΪջһ˶ңһ£µıֽˢˢ±һѳΪӰ񳱰ȥ
ĽߣʱǴһȻ֪ȻһĳȹƣΪ죬ͶԷӲƴɵٴζ绨еۻһη壬ȻܹƵֲԿǵǶôصĴ
ΪģĽӰٿȻ͸棬ש̾͵ĵܼҴܵʱ
ѽ
Ӣֳһϸĺɫ͵شӿ£ХһڵϣһɲԴΪģѸܵȥ𵴲ݵΧ֮ʱܳƬլȻڲкȻٵľ
Ա׷ڿգһƬ
ӢеĺɫСƴѹƣǶīɫˣǺҴǧļƷڽϴ
ӾϣһκӢ۵ʽȻ˷ƣҲЧĶ࣬һһҶȫûע⵽լԺһдˮ⣬Ҷ˴кХŴȶµķ˳ȥ
׷
ӢɣдһڣʿɣѸ׷ȥ
Ա߷۾һУ̲סһȻԺӢ۳ķͷΪ
Ӣ۶Դ˲δ⣬Ľ۲ˣȴüͷһ˿ǡ
Ҷֵͬһ㱻˴ӵض˳ӵǰӭвʿǰгܣ׷
ҶֵȴǾӭ桰廢ŵֵܾ㶼ն󵶶Ҷǰһɣһȭʱ죬廢˴һƬ˵ȭ֮УЦèӮᣬȻΪסֵ𣿡
廢ȫ֮ʵֿҶһ֮ȭȻ˱ѹƵͨ죬˵Ψϴף˵ᱰСˣǿȡؼΪͬݡҶֵͽֵܣȻ࣡
绨ķϻֵ˵
һգһԱһԮĸĳࡣ
廢ľҶ֧׾еα仯ܸԷȭɨзչɱʱŵüأͼصڸǰԮ
ҶһЦ񽣡ȫֻ֣һ콣գһ谭ֱ廢Ҫ
һʱȭӰ˾Ķǡ
Զ·ֶʱĪۼպյ廢ҪҶɱ
ݣ
һ׹ϮӱֱҶģ
͵Ϯ
չתӭ׹⣬Žɫ׵һץ׹Σȴһذס
չոսסذףݶԷľͻȻذǡ˻һԭʮþȸɵ廢ҶͻȻһáͷҲأһŵߣչذ߷˳ȥ

ذըѣΪϸܵɢ
Ҷ˲ƹչǰ˫ס۾ˡղ񹦡ȫͬʯһɫ󡭡
ͬ绨ҲǴһ޺ȫƣ
žžž
ܼĽϣҶĻմ˻ҰɫСĿ쳣ȻרƳ˵ĻҪǡղ񹦡֮ǿǧٱֻһը֮䣬ҲȻסЩרƻĽϮ
ͬҲ绨ϣֻġ޺һƣʶûôֱȫճϣ˳һĨһһء
ҵ۾ҵ۾
ҽ𣬲Զ廢еϴ𻢣ѣըӶһѪۣҺˡ
һﾹȻҶת֮ʣ͵Ϯչˣû뵽ղžԼһذ׾ȻٿձըɢĽϹ۾
磡ֵæˣս
ɣ
չҶͷɨӣֻȺеЦɱȺ֮С
ߣ
չӥĿ¶Ũɱ⣬ħŸֺǳҶ֪ػһչ绨ȥ
ȫչֻзơĽӢ۵ܸ˵ٶȣе̫׽ڵҶ׾ȻܹϣһһͥŲģȴò˳Ծˡ
еʮɣҲ̫׽ڻ⣬ûиǸۣͬҲûƹ볯͢ԣǵųˣһ򵭱ˣκһֻµżΪȫǸ˵ж̫׽ڵ̬ȡ
ǰҶ׾ˣҲ֪ô׵ֺƵģ͸Ҷˡ
񱩵֮ǰȶ²ϵشݳɼӥ롰֮ս伤ңҶһ·񱼣ۼȶ²ΧĲѾǳ˵ӽսΧӰ֮ʱҶ˵ǰԶͻȻ֮һ˵ĻߣЦǺǵ˵λСѣߵĹԶˣ°ɣ
߻ת¶뷢԰׵Ŀȴŵ˻ɢ벻Ȼﻹ϶
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063 ߺ
̿ͷ·ţЩŵûҲǰһˡ
Ϊڸոգ׸Ƿһ㣬ڸҪĳ͢ͽ׵֣һݹ򽽳ĢһٿȻվ˽ͷ
ʲôˣݣ
һУξģľʿϰʿʮھ׸ںֱײ֡
Էոպʣ̿ͷҪشʱλǰֻһӣٶͷʱڵأŵöѽһڵϡ
ǰУ֣͢ñţԼ˾;ԻΪ͢˰
ѾڲԶɱһ·һ۶ȥơ
˾˾ͽ˾ͽǸ͵ɣǰǰǰߡ
֪ˡ˾ͽӭӣȻǶˡ߰ɣ
˾ͽüźɱķȷѾ֣˳˿ȥҲգ
̿ͷ·ţһӣΧҲûʲô˶ң˾ͽһ½󣬳һ򻺻ȥ
죬죬ߣ
ӥ༸ӥŶʮŸ·ָ֣ٴһСԺδͣǼٴùңһֵ˼˼ңȷû׷֮һ˼ҵĺ԰Уһ޴ļɽʯ֮󣬴µ֮ͨУֲ֪δ
Զһҵİ׮Цһ̽뻳ͳһ̻ͲҪͷ̻źţٿȻһ٣һϸߴӶϸ֣ϸܵѪð˳һʱ㵹зֳ롣
˾ͽ̾һҶСӲ÷Щʱˡ
żžĽֵǰУո߹һ·ڣ˾ͽĽŲٿȻͣ
ͬһʱ䣬һ÷·𴺷С洫˳˾ͽ
˾ͽ建תͷ
ʣȻ˾ͽæһϣ˾ͽܹһۣΣ
׸Σ֮ʱȴ˾ͽ忴һѵ񾭲ɣ
˵
ⲿʮֺͨ¾ӶõĽ˿ľĻƣÿһʶóϸ񻨴ʦգִǻ½ׯ£˵ǳ͢еĸ߹٣Ҳû˻ɡ
ɫеĴϣһ䲻֪򻨶䣬мúһ׵ġ֡
վŰ˸˸Ĭٸ˾ͽһȥ֪Ƕеõ֣Ҷǹ龳һŵʵ
˻˾ͽ弫ӡԼּУйѰȥԼսľܿϧ˲֪ʲôԭͻȻڽ伣ɽû뵽ǡ
ǡ廢ŵҰǰļԣСǵĵߴ˴Լħļ̳͡
廢ŵ⴫ƣʮ·ר̣廢ŵӵܣ㱻ڵأһӡ
ġ廢šϳ֣Ӱȫ롰šᲢۣȻ𡰰˴ҡһҪȡìڡʤĲܼңǹԷԼҪǿࡣνŻɭϣȨһ
˵⼸ɵˣҪȵʵۻ񫣬廢ǰԣإǰ£ʮȻ뿪ţ֪٣벻ȻǸ˵
ҵμ𻢴ĸܵܣ廢֮ϵ˾׸֪Ǽλүүǰμʲô뷨ûС
ǵǽʳݻĸӵܡҵľǵͶһиֱ֣Ѿǵ仯Ϊεƾ£ʮǰ˵Ǽ̰Ե֮ĵһõ֣벻ȴʧ٣ֵ¼Ψһսµһ
ʮ겻ȻҲΪ˵Ļ
ħɱһǰܳһλȻ׸ϼҵͣԭֻǱһЩ˵˽Цȴһ׮¡һһϼׯ߰ٿɱ˸ɾӴ˱˼ʮ꣬ʧ
ʱͣȴֻǳ˵Ļ֮һ
֮ˣ˭
˾ͽһݵҲĿ
֮˻䣬Сأƿ˻ĳ
꼶󣬵ͷüͷȫǴɫɫҲ쳣԰׵ӡ
˾ͽüͷһǵ˰׻ӣǵʵȻͬҲǹ龳
ԡˡȴһֻӡ
˭
˾ͽ²ôģȻеЩȤ
Ừһƣεġģ϶ֳ˱ϹϾ顣
֮˲δ³ֻΪ˸õؿ˾ͽ塣
Էƺʮһʮ¶ݣ˵ģʮֿʣŨüĿɫ˿̬һֹ
ʱλȴһСģŻеһĻƳаһʱı
˾ͽĿɨǿĻɫУű벻Ŀ⡣
㡪ҿô
֣ص˵ͷʥս롮һҵѵ
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ԷȻͷ
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˾ͽ֮򲻹ģ˵˿Ҫֻǿһѵûġ
˾ͽתȥʱһ
ϣ
ֻһ˾ͽĺëɲǼ䶼ըһ侲һ¶ŵı飬Ȼתͷ
ǰ꼻һֵıѾٴιУ
λСսѾ˷˴뵶ȫ˳ڡ
˾ͽ峤һʵ˵
쵶
˾ͽһ΢һĬ˼鵶ԷһˣȴѾȻȥ

̫һ԰ˣֱҶֵˡ
Ҷֵ֪Ҫϵĵص㣬Ҫ̫һء
ʱչжδЩԼĸȻԼֵܸϵ˵أҲȻ⣬ʱ˿̣⸽ķǸ֣Ѿ˷ƺ̫λڼƻڵ֣һг׵Ԥ֮⣬ﴳͼпܻᱻһ򾡵ġ
Ҷɫأŭһҵסˣͷһ£
չһ֪ҶҪƴˡ
Ȼȥ˶۸٣Ѿ޷ɰˡ
ҶҪȫ֣ǴӲƴһ̵ʱ˶̫׵裬ԷҷΪԼֵˣԼ绨κϽȥпܷҶš
ãҶСģ
չӦһת绨ɱ˹ĸ·֡


064 ͻΧ
̫׹һЦȻ֪СΪƾʵϷ𣿡
δ䣬ܷȵ𣬰˵Ӱ̫ɳսȦҶΧˮͨ
ֻ۾һɨϳ˰еһǵϼϹǴɼ˴ͽеĶλͺǡͺӥʩźӵǡɽܣ٣һá
Ҷη壬̫ױ˹ȥֱǰĸ֡
ϹǴҶٴۺ죬ҶһҶС¾һָȴ˹
ڶֵǡɽܣ䵶һĺն·Ҷв顣
ͺӥʩ˼˶֣ǣ£ȻȻһϻҶ
书ǼΪǿ龳һޣǷǸĸ֡
ͬʱ֣ǵضѾѹȵÿռ죬·ܲסѹнһ㡣
ֲ̫ϺУֺԶԸκһ֡
ɱ˵ģҶȴǺ£
ʵսҶǱԹѵڣѡѧҲԴΪǲ˶ࡣ
ҶһЦһȦƽʩһжܵĵһŰֳַɨӲϹǴĽָһŵĶ̹
ɫɢ˾Убƫơ
ϹǴĽһĴǹ֮ϣܵ䵶ķһ͵ıŵס˸ʩĵ·ŵĶ̹˺׳ĸֲ棡
ڱصõĺһҶתơĹ칦ǰȫʧȥЧ
ǵˣƾѹγɵǿͬʱѹҶ·˻ֵѹԽ󣬴ܳȥٶȱԽ죡
ɲ֮䣬ֹգϾɫδ֣Զ̫׻ûԼһЦݡ
ݣ
ҶԳೣʶٶȻΪһ̣˲䴩Χ£ֵѹǸ̨һ㣬ٶȿ쭣˲䵽̫׵ǰ˫ƺգͨ廯ΪһٿȻһű̫ף
һʹ˴ֵĵ˴ʧɫոջڵ̫һ򣬾׷ĽҶסơӢ۵ˣҲ㶼Ŀɿڴ޷ţ
ҶһСʮơʹ񱩵һ
תơʹó뻯ܹ֫ҲԽתơҶôѧԣѹܷӣ֮Ҷսܲ˿Ŀɿڴ
Ҷʱһ֮ȫߣƽǰֵĲڱ޿ɱܵٶ֮£̫ӲͷƤðȻƣһɲǵľѹһɽ
䣡
ֻһ޿ƥеĴϮ֧첲һ˲䣬֪ԼⲻסȻֻ㵹Ҫʹһ¿ȴʱԷѾӡҲ֮ϡ
ǲ
֮Ҳǿ˶٣̫ҼƣֱӱѾʣͬʱ˫۹ۣ˱ҶһƴڿвͣתȦѪȾ˻׺ͷ

ȺһƬȻ
ҶÿγʹȫԤֶ֮ΣжֶΪͷʹĽĸ֣ܴĦʹʽͽҶȫ֪һʲôʽУҲ֪ôСȫû취Ħ
翡ʵҶͬ˸еĳνɡ
ٵǡʮ񡱵𣬾û˸ҳΪСɡˣġɡ
ǿһһʽޣɡĲ֪
ɵƮ죬ǳܴĦ
Ҷɡַӵܾ£һȴԵЩˡ
Ҷһƻ̫ףϢҲһͣϷŹѵõĻᣬżһֱ̫׵ؿڣ
̫˫۹۷飬ָʹٶһθܵĿ־壡
ڴʱ̫׽ͻȻաһ죬һɫƤͬ߰㴩͸棬ֱӾסҶɱһš
ƽʱҶһűȻѺڱޣ̫ף߲Ҳһڶ²˴ƫƫʱԼҲǿ֮ĩϢЩϡ
һϧҶƤٿȻק·̫׼һ
飬飡
ڴһ졭
¡
ں֮䵹
ӰӿӰӷڱ˳ȥѾĶغͣһźɫƤޣʱ˫۷¶֮ɫ
ޡݵµ̳Ȼ䱻ɣ¶ҶɣڵȴͬħһӰһ۾俴ŻԼµǸȡĹޡ
ʱһҶձס̫׵壬ٳһԣסλ󡱵ĸ
λҲǶ겻ˣۡ⡢һ档λϢ񱩵϶֣겻ʵֽ٣ϵұ۴һ֧ȭվԭؿŭضҶ
ҶЦسŶ˴кѽǣⲻûˣһֱң
Ŀһ𻰣ҧгݣߺߣҶСȻøˣ
Ҷһ֣ܰôΣ
Ҷǰһʱһ
Ҷǰ˴գ
ȫ䱸ϹǴȴ˼ͻԳ
һ죬вȫҲǺ˰벽Ҷһ˴ǰߡ
ҶһȺ۶ʱɫͨ죬ȴǲҳ֡
Ҷһ̫ף㱻ƻ˻ɱĺʱֵѵķȴû˸赲
ߣ
չкһ绨ȴ˳ȥҶվԭڶһۣһǰһ˫ۼ棬Ҳͬǲҿ׳ء
죬ס
Զٸķƴڳˣ㿴ңҿ㣬ȴʼ˸ȳ֡
ǶɵӣȻͬʱȫпסҶڶԷƴ֮£̫׶û˭ұ֤Լܴ
ĪƶЩͶǸϣռˣΪ˻úôΪʲôִȥ
Ϊ̬ҶƣһʱӢȴһ˸ҳ֣һ˸ҳ
ҶЦﳤȥ
ĽӢۡҶ׵Ƭ̺ϵҶԶȥıӰýѪ
㣬ǡҶԸˣӥָΣ׳Ƴҡβ𣿡ɫ÷ϣһһ˸ӡ
Ҷ֣Ҳֻεؽʵ


065 ֮ǰ
ʱԱߵġޡǰһٺЦûסҶʵס
˻üʡ
һɽ밡Ҷ롮ӥ֣ǿͻΧҵмְս£չʹ绨ӥҶɶһۣҪȫˣֻҪҶչ۷Ը⿴ԼֵܶӲǻһÿԽһ򾡣
ţ
Ⱥ׷׵ͷղűҶĻһɨա
ɫ࣬ҶȴЩȻ
˾ˣαԲ˵ôЩǣʦ˵Ĳ̫һأ
Ҷһ˫ĿҶʧķüͷɵý
Ⱥˡ
ЩӢأ

κᶷתշҲ硣
ɢ˭׺ݺɫ塣
׸ʮǿ貣ϯˡ
һһվһСɽ֮ңԶƻɺľ޳Ǿ׸򣬲ҪľĻģԭŦĺڡǧۻֵңԭһҪռݾ׸ԴΪ¹ԭıǮ
ʿ̾һ
ǹҫ¶ΰ쳣ҽɫսףɫĴƮ󣬿һƥѰսһɫĳëӭƮһһһ㣬ǸߴսϣҪλһŴɫʤϹһ˴ѡ˺ӧɰ߼ǹ
ǹǹǿۡ
Ǵףõǻ߼ǹǳ֬߳ǡʮӥСӥ֮ұ۵ġӥ
üӢͦɫƽҲйɲŭơ
ȻӥͽӹӥǹӰ
ӥ׸õУӰԾɽ
ӥͷҲأȻʵϢ
߶òͬһ˫ֵ̥ܣŨüֻۣǻĴһڣһף
ӥѯʣ˻һۣҡͷ
ӥ΢΢һЦ˵ûϢǱǺϢͷ˿ɫһʱҹǱҪ塢ȥߵǣӣʱ֣Ҫ´˳ǣ
ӥӥȥԻͳС죬ڿӶϲ֪кλأȻںҹеĻζâϢѸٿݵԶ
ԲʮڣԭڵĴͻȻ䶯ԭľƣȻûһ˿һĶת˲֮䣬ʿĬĬشӵվڵϵ
Щʿ¶صϣĬĬһҹҲֻжһһڵ¼ϣŰɫչӥ
ЩʿֻһݣǱǡӥĮռӥ
ӥ֮㼯ϣȴıǰһ̣ӥ´ܹ̤ƾ׸ͨԭͬʱҲǶ½Լ޷ӽԭ
˿ɫӥ̲סٴ̾ϢҹǸ

Ҷ˵ɱ˷Ǹİţۼֵܽؿת˲Ҫ뼤սеġӥһ
Ǹĸ߲ڰ಻סȲλֵĽһһ̻ը֮صĺŽ׸
ǸڴȶΧĸ֣ڵĸ·ֻ۵һǧˣʤ붯֣ͬʱɱӥչ۷ɡ
Ҷ˶ʱΧС
ӥүӲûаŰɣҶŷԾϮڶ֣̲סͷƤʵ
չҲɫ԰ףһŬҵԶбԼȥ
䣡
ӥһ˫еһǿ֮µʱ
Ҷŵһˣȥ
ԶǴȶµ۱ҲǴ˵Ψһһû̮ԺһƬĻ۱ĸӵθζ
ߣ
˸յΧһͼ׺Ҷ
ɼĸͽдաһĵһʮѵֱҶ֮
ЩƴҶûӲӣ΢תʩչ貨΢㿪
һɲǣʮͻȻڿбͬڻѩˮһ㣬ڿвͣճ׳󣬲Ȼ˸䣬նҶؿڣ
Թ
ҶƽһмŤ׶Σ䲻ݷرÿ
ԭһĻɲǱƣ޴ĵҶһ½󣬿ҶٴκˣȺ̾СӺҶͼȴǵʵնҶֻûƷһƤһӶˡ
ù
绨ŭһŴȾҪƴȴҶһѳߣȵȹȥѺ󣡡
ߣ
չ˫ӣʮɫϸ߲һڸ׷
Ҷոձܹͼ׵һбѷֳֺɫĺӢۡ
ͷһɣźХ磬Ӣֱһ뽫Ҷ
ΣͷҶ񽣡תڵǧâҶ㼤ķϰգӢײȥâ䣬кɨǧ֮ţ޲ϲ
Ƶȴʧɫ˺ӢۣǸʩǿӲأҪҶԵóѡ
䣡
˺Ӣ۵ġǿλһƣۿҶҪײӢۻУУȻ֮䣬Ҷеײ鵴˸
ԭԾһ˺ӢۣͬһâҶɫأֽ任ϯһɳ׶ݺݳҶؿڴ
ֹ֣Ȼͬ죬Ⱥʱ׶֮һɨա
Ҷһ˫ƺʮ˵ĳ׶Ӳһǡ
飡

Ҷ߷ݣӦ׷ɡ
Ⱥ۷׷׽кãһе׵ģǷƣ˫ʱ׶ײǷһȭȴֻǽ޻Զ˶Է
һʱкȻʲô񹦣
˵˹Ȼܶ࣬Ҷ׷ɣһ˲߼ͬʱ׷ɵҶкȥ
ҶһЦ񽣡֯һƬ⬰㻤ȫδֹ룬ٶӿٵȥ
䣡
ҶڴݶߺɼУӲײ棬ݽ۱Ĵȥ
ɫͨ죬߳ȣĸֱ׷ɱȥָǽ۱ΧˮйֹͨҶѡ
ҶһƬߣ۱£ʱͬʱ˫ƣͬ׷ͻƶ赲׷ͬʱϡ
䲻ԱܳһʿٿȻһ㶡
ҿʲôʱʿˣ
Сʦ壡ң
ףӣ


066 ֮
֮ڣǸ߼ĲľνڹԵĳӳ£һƬׯµա
֣ƱһͻȻҶһδѯʣһ̽һԴĸȻɵĵʿҶʦֶ
ôǡҶһʱĿɿڴ
ʦ϶š
ʱ͹һֱӱ㶪˹
Ҷסָ⻬ı棬һ̾
ǧϻ
δˡ

ʱƿ󶴣̫׽ڵʮŮ֮һҶףɵ¡
ݣ
ҶͬʱէֵһʦֶǣʧȻϢޣͬһ绨չҲǲӰ
ⲻҶһҪġǧϻʵΪԼĴ
ʱҶ׼ҶͻȻ˸ľϻ̲סüͷһ壬֪̽ܣȴҲûзκ쳣һӣȻ壬беͷʯ֮쳣
ҶһСǧϻһ˫磬ˮԱߴɡ
Ҷ׽أһ߳ոı䷽бͬʢʻ㽣⣬Ӱ׷
ҶɫĮо١ǧϻƲ䣬һָڱָ㣬ۼԷǰͻȻһ
Ҷϻ͵һǣɢҶ״̵ǰһֱӱɢĻУ͵һɽ⵽һٿȻɾ룬֣ʱкȻ
ʲô书Ȼܹ˹죡
Ҷǧϻ࣬ġǧϻȻһЦѣٴβսɣ
ʱѾ֪˵ر鲼ԼҸ֣ӥȻ˰ţ޺֮ǣս
ΪҶֵҶףȴ޷ƽϢ
ǰҶǽǧ겻һ⡣
֮ᣬɶǸոɽСѾϤ񹦾ҶΪʦа겻ѧţСһţʮҲֻСгɾͣڰ׵ֵһڡСںᡣҪǰλɵȴƨ㲻ϣԷڽѹԼһͷʹƷṦȭȵžҲԼüȥ
Щ񹦾óκһţҪϰһɾͣƫƫĿࡣ
ˡ书ֹǾޣ
ҶгԾҶаݡ벻˵Ů֮ӲԼһСνԭΪὫб벻ԷֻǺ˼ѻھС
һӳ䡪
ͷ˸󶴣ܴҲһ飬ԷΪףʮ·ʦɱ˽һʱͷȫǵ⽣Ӱ
ҶЦһƮȻɾ룬ֱĦǰ֮ϣǧϻеıٷϻ⣬ذڷǰҶΧȻԵ⽣Ӱ
ˣ
ȻһȻǰоȻеѹŷһסһԽǰָоԽǿҡ
Ȼ䣬ʮʦȴƶзƣҲóȻǰȵ˿ʮ⣬˫΢УһɱؿҶ
ˣ
ҶƮưڳһɣɱȻɢ߷֣һʱΪԾ翴һ㿴Ҷ
ҶȻĹˣָϣȻλԶǿͣСʱδ٣˶ͼ٣ΪҵһΣ
˵֮ҶȻġˡصֻ࣬޳ȺʱһȻ
쵰ҲҪҶʱļƣ
Ⱥ˴һȴǺ˾ͽ˫е˾ͽ껣Ϊ˾ͽ۸ߺֵ˾ͽ׿֮⣬Ӧ٣еġ˫šɽ͡Ͽɡ¸ż֣ʱѾȺ
Ҷָ⣬һ
ˣһ죬ڳӵĸ֣ȫһöĤѣļҡһֺݡ
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ɽѪгңָҶһ߷ߡ
ˣ
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и˶پѪһ֮£ӢۡĽ˶ɫɷףһƵɫҲǼΪѿ
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ҶһҶĳڴ˵أλӢҶĳһԣαͽѿ֮أ
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ΨĽ֪Ӣ۶ԺҶʧȻ֮ϣӦ
˾ͽ˫һлɳˣͬʱӦ˶ϣ͵ϮҶ
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δҶѸеӢ۳ɭɽһ㳱ӿ˺ֹ
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Ӣ۳һ벻ҶлܼдŰ֮һд䡣
ͬһ㣬ȻȻһתƿԷĴСȴȥ
Ӣ۲ϸ룬̧ȱ㳯ȥ
һ죬Զš
Ӣ۴žĻȱȫ飬Ҳסһһɫ̽󷭷ɣʧȥ˿ƣ
Ӣ۽ƺˣҶĹ칥
ĽƮ콣âٻǧӰԽӢۣ·Ҷȥ
ͬһʱ䣬˾ͽ껺˾ͽ׿ϣЦΧĽͬʱ͵Ϯ
Ҷŭ˾ͽ˫ǼĲ֪ôҪΪ˾ͽĹϵԼǶۣû뵽ֵܸǸȡֵﶫһǵűĶüͷһ壬͵ͬʱץңǧϻл죬߾ӽҪ
ǧһʱ̣ѽһ۱һֱŵĴٿȻ˿һߴӰɫȻ˽
ȫӢһԴ۾ȻĴĿĿݶĶϣڵûأúõӲţҪô
ҶһϲҪȥǡ
һϮ£һѺڵԭǡ˾ͽ塣


067 ƾ
΢УȴǰĩеĹâ˾ͽÿһ
Ľһ˾ͽ塣
һȫʮ޲ݡ
ֱʱ˷ŷֶԶԶؿȻŰΧ̬ƣӰҲʮ⣬üĿη쳣ԶԶߡ
˾ͽ峤ֱ룬һ·ȺٴУ׷ױãбյýȴûһ˸ǰһҴüëһ¡
˾ͽ֮ҶԣţʵãȴˣϵأףҼѩѾͷأ
Ҷλ÷ѩ׾үүȼ˻ڣЦشѩؽˡԵǰ֪١ٺ٣Ͽǲǡ
ҶͲؿæˡ
˾ͽɨһۣбĿֶﶼǽ֣սҶϣͻһЦƨ£
ҶʱľȻ
иҪǡ
˭
һµĺУ˾ͽ彫һ齻Ҷ
Ҷϸһʱϳеִʦ
·ϼģ
˾ͽ½󣬵ȻҵǷһ飬ǻˡڱջԼȥ˰ɡ
һУ˾ͽתߡ
Ҷʱ´󼱣÷ѩλүôǿ˳ۣôԣộԼҲæ
ʱڳڶֻ֣˾ͽҶƬ̣ٴת˶Ǵʧɫս˱У׼ӦС
ۼ˾ͽôҪȻȥҶһֿү飬Щͬɱΰ

ҪϾɱ
Ǻһи뽫б׼˾ͽ塣
˾ͽüͷһתҶϲˬɼǶ۾в˵СӺֶܴ
˶֪˾ͽҶĸ֣в֪˾ͽ÷ѩ׾ү˾ͽҶ֮Ĺϵ˵ôֻ֣ܲû뵽˾ͽôĺʱƴ̬ȡ
ȿڣں󷽴ȵ˾ͽ壬Ƿά棿
ô˵𣿡
˾ͽ岻뱻ᣬҲȥ͡
Ľǰһ֮ԣȻ˾ͽΪ𣿡
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ޣԴ˾ͽ֮󣬱һֱȺ˾ͽ׿˾ͽ屳Ѽţ賤м֮ͽʲôΪ
˾ͽȻЦȺɫ԰׵˾ͽ˫һۣʲôʱܹһ㣿˶Ů˱֮⣬˵ĵӶû𣿡
㡭˾ͽ׿ͨ졣
˾ͽ껼ܸ·Ⱥۿȴǵһ׳ֵܴȺָ˾ͽȵ˾ͽҵ棬㻹ͬǰ˾ͽҼ㣬еͶ
ȺۻȻ벻˾ͽôеɫ˾ͽȻ˾ͽҵˣѾ˰ɣⶼһˣĻ
ơӢۡĽ˶Ǵ󷭰ۡ
˾ͽ׿͵͵һ£磬СѾ˾ͽˣǹܲ
꣡
Ⱥв˶̿סЦ
˾ͽҵĿ֮£ҲǶ˶ˡ
ƲԸһٳȵ˾ͽǹȻʮΪУǸΪ𣿡
˾ͽȻˬҶҲǸ˳ë¿ëըһϱԼ¶ʮķʣʲô̬ȣ
˾ͽͻȻһЦ˵úãˡ
ŭȻãǼʶһµġ
ϡ֮ڶ˰γ׼ս
ʱҶд󶨣һЦɨÿ˵ףҶ϶ͣƬ̣Էòص˵ͷ
ҶĿֹˮ档
ʱܾš
԰˾ͽ֮ľٶһֱѰ˴ҺͷǸѹôȫ
УԱҵġɽǰԾһȻޣһǳ͢շһְ࣬Сˣԭұȴǲ
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һ죬ȴ˾ͽ巴һֱӳ˶һͣĺ˼ԶѶ˸ӡԱߵġӡͼ׶ס
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ʱ
˾ͽҵӣɼ˵ϼ仰ȡ㹷
ܶʱŵ岽ҳԡ
Ҷ̲ס̧ͷ˾ͽ壬״νӴϵ֣֡Ϊλʦ岮ֱ̹ӣӢأҾ˵ҶҲȫǸʦʦ˵ǰ㲻Ƿһпҵĺ
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֪ڼ˾ͽȻŷƣ˫Ƭ̣ٿȻһЦ˵ôͻȻ֮˵׳ԭȴ˰֣λôϽ𣿡
ȵ
ڶȺһôֳδ𣿾׸ôˣӢ۾ۼڴˣѵһ겻аս
ơ̫סʤ졢ڤ޵еȰ׵ϵǰ׵ͬʣѵԺϾ̫׽ڵĳ˻Ǵµʦɣ
׷ײ²⣬ҿ֮ʣˡ
ʯͻȻһû
˲쿴ȥ¡۱ĴȻһݵӰнûǰ
ûԶԷһ߳߶೤ľһ·һ߿ٵû̽ŵ桭
óԷӦǸϹӡ
һѾϴ÷׵ĻҲۣ׷ƮԺüëףƫƫһųȴûһ˿ơݵͬݹǣ԰ףͬͿһ֬촽ֳһֹǦɫ
ȴ۾˫۾ҳоȻȫ۰ףʯƵģݷᡣ
߼ӺĶһ㡣
޳
һλڵжԸǵĶа׵ʿɫ԰ף̲סһ
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ֻĿ־˻ԣ˾ͽУ
һ˾ͽͷһµѣһأģɡ
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һ쳣ȻȺڳȫʦ֣Ȼû̲ס뾪Ҷͷɵһ˫΢УٿȻ˹ȥ
һͬɫ£ĸߴ߻һһ߹ƣ¼ҡλꡯαĽŲߣˣ벻˾ͽҲԲУǿϲȴҲϧ


068 ˫һ
ÿĻÿˣ
αǰֱ֮ʱޱ仯һͷҰ׵ĳֻǶǰǰһسסۡ
ųڶȻܿһѪɫİ̺ӹֻۻ롣
Ҷһ֮αԵ
ʱҶڶ棬αȴһ۲ΪԼ̲סھͳɱҶΪʱ˾ͽĳ϶Ҷλ塣
λꡱαĿһУҲȷɣֻԸκ˿񣬵ǰλ˾ͽ壬ȴǿЩ̫
³ֵĶλȻǷǸһڳĴ׵ȴɫм¶޹â
ʵΪͷָ̫׵֮ǣĳԹǡ޳Ǻڵһɱ֯Ѫɷɷڳٰ׵ʿǡѪɷܺߣֻλ֣ҵˡϲңĵȴǿ쳣ѾԸǽĶλս
ǰķȴһɣбˣЩ׵ǰâڱĸоȫޡ
ͷһЦȻλ̨ãһȰȰ˾ͽ֡Ǻǣ˾ͽֻ£αӢΪأĪ󣡡
˾ͽɫ䵭΢΢һȡ
ߵǰġ޳ȴЦһڱѵ˵ƣ㱻ŻͿ˰˾ͽ岻ǰ˴һɥȮʲôĪ󣿻ȰԾʵڣ
üëһԲˬ޳Ȼ紫˵ĿԼǷǸ뵽֣޳ȻȻ˵ֱѵ⣬ѵƵԼ²ɣ
Աαȴ΢΢̧ͷýĶۿ˾ͽ壬ȻԭֻǶԸӥչ۷ɵıɱ֣֮˳һС©벻ȴ˾ͽô㡭ߺߣһҪ㣬˾ͽ壬Ѿ
ҶȻ֪ԷνġС©ָԼĵɱԽأȴԽƽľСˡص˼ɱ֮ȫգһЦα룬һֻ۾ȴǷݲءǺǣɵúܣһ죬СҲǵá
αбƳһۣһοҶ¶ֵӡ
ҶԸĸ֣ԼȫҲ֪ʤǸδսѰ֡
ƾ㣡αʵ
ҶһЦ˵ͷƾң
αҪЦȻһֱ
αһ۵ЦȻӲѹ˻һХ֮
һ˲䣬ҶȻȳֱ֣˶ʮα롣
ͬһʱ˾ͽյɢѹȵ޳ͷƶ˴һȫ䱸û˿Խα롣
ХӯϣŵĻ
ǧͬƮȫǧǵĽХ֮ϳһʫƻŨѵ
䣬綼òͬ
۱֣ԴԱסħԣʱޱ߻þУѪҺʽ޷Уƫƫ¶ҸЦݣ˿֪ء
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ⰻȻ
ҶȻɣһѳԿ翷
һɣ
һҶȫۡ
ؼеʶҶһ֮УκοܵʶѲڣκʶڡ
Ψһڵģǵȴ
ڳˣ֣ͬһʱ˻þ֮УҶʵ¼Ѿûм˿Կܣֵֻͬĳմλֶ¶һĪ̬ͬʱ˹ֵҶڵĹ쾢
翣컨裬ӿӣѩ
ӻʼɲǣҶѾʼα֮Ľ
ɿ书ֵֻ񻰴˵֮УҶһ֣ʱ֡
α㣬Ұͷ¶նۺͱۣͨһ˼£һɫһɫʶԺзֵֿľҪҶһ֮ǰɶǵ
ҶʱѾʮɾ룬ɫ콣ҫ۹âֱαüģ
ǧһ֮ʣαͷ󺹣ŭһҶϮ֮ǰɵ֣ռ¶ʱ½£컨ѩɫĽâٿȻ䲻ݷشҶ콣
ؼɾĻþ֮ʱȫαҶȻʧԭأֻһبŲǳ۵ԭأźȻѣ
ˣ
۱̼еȻ޴棬ܲƵǽں˴󶴵ķһɲǱǿҵ紵ò֪ȥ
ʦȫͬƲް㱻˳ȥӢۡĽҶ׵ҲǱ֮ࡣ
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ۡ
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һٲǱֵĳ𵽣֮ǰҶɶǵ˳Ҫα뼰ʱ֣˻˵øء
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ҶȻαȴɱ¶
ԴһαҶϹһֻ۾αΪܴ裬һս֮չؿ࣬ҶδݣŽչأɱû뵽ѾʵͻƵԼٴҶʱȻԼ͸ԷԷʵѾȫ߸Լĳʶ
˫Ѿƽɫαȴδɥʧʤģ˷ܡ
ʱԼУŵѱ
׾ʽţտĽɢŵɫĺӭ˪
˪
Ǹ֮һ롰ϻ͡ġ˪
ҶأͷһԼĳ콣ԭ״ʯĽϣȻСȱڣһеģαе˪
αıһҶ÷飬벻һηǸΪ˻ȡɽȻ˪ӳ̶ѾˡĽ
αһĨй⻬ȱı˪ϴ˿˿ЦȻԼҶ֮ѧ޼ڱϣαԸǿ֡
˪˪αһЦǳ
Ҷüͷһ壬Ҫٴǰʱ˾ͽȴǰһǰ֣Ҷ󣬲Ե߿Ҹʱ䣬ûʱ俴СӴܣ
αʱɫһ䣬˾ͽ壬ѱ
ֻǲ˷ʱѣ˾ͽһкڵٿȻУǰһ̽ƽƽĺᵶһն
ݣ
һɫĲ˲䵴α˾һ벻˾ͽһ֣ȴǽ˽ȥ


069 
䣡
ȭһǣͬںˮͶµһöը񱩵ĳˮⴵȥǿҵͬĵƬԭƽĳǽӲǱˮĿӵ㣬ࡣ
顪
һӰǽ֮ϣˮ棬˲ҳһ޴ӣһĲ˳ųǽԶ֮ڵĳשȫɶʱ̮Ŀܡ
һ΢ֵӰм˳Ѫֵȴһ˿⡣
˲Ǳˣǡƹ񡱺ͨ
Ķ֣ͬһǱɫȴֻһ˵ġħڤ޵С
ʱıڤ޵Уһ壬źͨ˵ͨ治֪ţȻΪսʤңôڰ˵ȶսңҵŵԣƾʲôÿӮң

ͨȻһЦȴÿ³һѪ̬ȫޣ˷ܵıȴҲزס
ߺߺߣǺǡȷ֪Сʶǰʮʵֻһ򶮵ݷ̡
ڤ޵üһÿɷ
ͨסǽһ˦һͷϷʵؿŶ֣ЦǺǣֻս㣬Ϊ˽ܣΪһ¡ڤ޵У˵¶ʱĳŵ𣿡
ڤ޵ٿȻ󾪣һξҶ
㡭˵ʲô
ͨһЦϲֻǵ֮ĶԼǵҵ˰ɣ
Ȼվֱ̬۵شȵԣܽжܣұԽ㵱ĳƳֱղһУ಻٣ĳýһСٺ٣ûл㣬ջӮˣ
ҵ£ߺߣϷִƱڤʮ꣬ˣ
ǲǵʱڡҲ֪óƺΪڤأϹأ
ڤ޵ÿ񶶣۾һУͺһ
飡
ȻһɱˮˮһˮϰգǺоˮ˿ԭ͡
ڤ޵ֳֽǰһݵͬʱԼҲΪһˮ뽣϶Ϊһһ㳯źͨȥ
ͨ˫Ŀһ͵һײ䣡
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âơα롢޳ͬʱбУӭ˾ͽ޿ɱܵһ
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Ľ˳ȥͬʱӢۺҶ׵˵ʦҲȥֱڵأԶܾҵĳ
ǸȻһȻ飬Źսİ׳űų˾ͽϾ˼˵ʱ͵͵һ£һ¸󹦡
ˡ
ͬʯˮ浴Ĳ㲨ƣĴӲһľҳȻиֳһþһС
ֻɲǣŵƤԭϵʯשȫƷɣſ˸޷رܣĺúǣҺڣ仯ΪһѪ꣬紵Χ
һȻڷԲʮﷶΧڣγһ޴磬ǽ⼸ֱ֮ϣԭ貶ĿǿնʱһƬǣڸסǹɫ
ػ裬线ͬޣ
׸ĩһľС

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Ҷ˾ͽɲǱȫסȫһ˲ıȻ˳ȥ
գۼʮɵľ룬Ҷ±ǧϻһɣһһĹצ˲ھĲ¥ߵĦϲȦͬһڿУ

һҽУһùһﱻηɣȻڷϣǶϽ۵ſſʬٴξУһϡʱظѪˮֱӱ糶˳εѪˮʬΪأڷмرʧ
ԶĴֵӰ֣ǿĺĴҶɵø̾ʵǳǻˣ
ͬʱҲһôһһİΧ֮ǱŪҳһˣԼһȻڷ֮£Ȼеص֮ʩȴǰȫޱȡԼֻȴĽɣ
ʱǺǺ
ϸ΢죬Ҷ˫ĿһʱֲסϱնϸϸѺۣԭʵʱòôȫ

һһɫӰӳǰҶʱɴ۾ֶԷȻ̫׽ڵλͬղͬԵҶףطɵԼǰ
ԩ
Ҷһ֣ݺ׹ʹһѾͽʧɫҶ׸˹ŶԷֱ۾˻С
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Σյ֮£С椻߬űţҲˣ
ñ֣Ҷۼѿڡᡱһ󣬶ʱͷ󺹣Ҫˣǿ֮ʱ֪þɳȥߣṦٺãˤϡ飬ʱҶҪ֣æʩչڤ񹦡ȡԷĹ
Ҷֻһйһ㵹ҶС
㡭
ҶĿѣҶ˫۳ɱ
Ҷһۣһɶ˼һҪ𱨰Ϲɪɶ⣬ϱÿһٱռ˰
ҶֱۣȻΪҶġڤ񹦡
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һ䣬ҶһƣֱӽҶ˳ȥץסǧϻǰ
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Ҷһֽץһֱ˱һ

Ҷŭһָһ
Ӧɣת˲ڿвټ
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Ҷùһʲô̫׽ڵ˸ᣬϲΪŰǰһǬֳҶף
ʣʦ壡Ҷ״ŭʲôʸ˵ʦ壬ŶҼʦȥ꣬ʲôʸ񡭡
үҶŭϵǬû·û㰡һۣǬΪʥ˧췲ͷǿ˾֪⽭飬ò᳤ϵϺͿ˰ɣ
ҶԭҶĻ𾪵ĿɿڴһԷʦӢüһԼҲҪһ
ɾڴʱԭһյҶͻȻһ˿ŭ֮Ϻһʶ̫
Ҷһ֮ʱҶһǧϻӴһϣҶ׿ҶԼͬǧϻֱӱ˳ȥԾ˵
Ҷʮɣбǧϻһ٣ʱסŭζ磬һǧϻ˽¡
ǿ񾢵Ǻˣµǧϻ˳˰塣
ҶХһ˫ֲʱƷ磬Ʒ򣬳ʷϵһе͡


070 񽫽ӥ
쫷ϯڿգȶµķΧڣ޷֮⣬ؿǵȻ޴ˡ
Ҷ̤ǧϻڰнУ뷢ƮƮһ·ֱ쫷ԵսݵӰͶȥ
ӥչ۷ӥĿŭһƣֵסġơָһģһסˡĻġعӰʮ
ҽһ죬һףչ۷ɵĽɫмѵ˲쭣ǿҵִ졣
ƾⱻ紵һƬǽ壬ȴ˿ɫɢࡣ
뷢ţݳ¶ĿЦչ۷ɣҲн죬ҿô
չ۷һǿһڵСˣȻƽĻᶼŹ㻹ϵĸ֣
һԵġĻԵչ۷ɣΪ͢طΪΣڻüϿͶĻ廹Աһ
չ۷һ㱣һһαӣôǸСˣȴҲαǿϰٱ㲻˵
Ļɫ΢䣬ȻһЦƺ⣬ֵȴǿ֣Ҫչ۷ء
˵һ죬չ۷ɫһ죬ǵʱһѪ
ԭṦ롰𡱶˸൱չ۷ɣûϵͻȻܳһĻ塣
оӣ
ޣֱǸСˡȱС˻Ҫ޳ܡ
ΪĻΪԼе޳ܾٶԴͷʱָչ۷ɵݣ͵Ϯӥѿʵ
ٺЦʤΪΪܣչ۷ɣĴ壬µʸ̱Թɣ
ȫۣϡһȼ棬˫һ٣񱩵ӿչ۷ɡ
ͬһʱ̣ĻҲ˫ۺ֣гٿȻ⣬ԭչ۷ָסĽ⿪ʼͣΪΪͷͣתԾƬȫϮɱ
Ļץסʱͼһչ۷ɵ
չ۷ŭһȫâ㣬ֵֵϮ˫һʱţչ۷ľң̼İۿһҪ˻
ΣͷͻȻһ
ܲŭĻ谵գٿȻ両һâצŭٿȻŵһĸм䡭
лڡ
ҶͻϮ乥ĶһЦĿ졣

ͻϮһ
Ϊû뵽Ȼ˴Ӹ߿׹ֱʵ̫죬ֵ̫ͣҲʵ̫֮ˡ
չ۷ɵıɱ֣֮ɲǼϷԵı仯
Ѿעȫչ۷ɵ죬Ȳ֮æɹֻչ۷ɾ壬æ߾ٹӭҶƷ֮
һȫԸһִӦС
ȻҶʵԲĶ֣ʱ˿̣ȴһ⣡
䣡
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һ̣ԶǻҰ쫷ֱʣһȴǵػͬ˼
·ǺӦһ㣬ȶ±࣬һƬεɫˮӯأ֮ȴ˺ѿռıڶ
硢ˮ
ۣʮֵ׸ĩհĿֻ֮С

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׸ȴڰһ˻Һ֡
ʮӥףӻȡһɫߣϡ
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׸ĳͷڷ˺ڰбϮɴǷ˾׸ҲѾ֮Уܹ֯Чķ
ǷѱǸƿأΪǵĲΣԭĳǷԼڱӪ֮ڡԶķ踮Ӱر󲿷ֶڳڴѲ켺ûбȥһС
ô룬Ҳ벻ӥΪ˸˶Թ´ƣ
ǸŮˣΪֻһϵȴˣʵһսսǰľҲŤת¡
բţ
ڳͷһ踮˻ţͷٵıľ޴ͭբֻо׸ƴʱŻµľ޴բţὫֻֻҪűתء
ʮ롣
߰׹է֣һƬǰף
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֮£˾ֻչڷɵľ޴ӥ˱ݡ۰ʮءδһܵġӥ
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һ⣬һ⡭
⾿
س֮ԼƷ裬ǴۼͷеĴԼڵͶʯ׼Ϯǰ׼˳·λã

һ˻𣬴ʮƽԭͷÿһ˵ļ䡣
ӥˣŷɥĲӥˣ
һȣͬȼյĽ𣬽ӥٶȶȻȷɱ
һһ
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س֮˫Ŀͨ죬һڣȵǧţ
ԡ
Ƶһ죬һŴǧ֧һ˶ߵĴʮ̨Ͷʯľ޴ʯգѹѹرһ˶ȥ
ý׻ǹһһԵľ
ˣ
߾ٵĻǹҫҫ۹âʤֵ߳գ˫ĿäֱӣյĴâķΧڣˮ«έûһľ׷Կ׹䣬δֹԷֺһ˵ʯ䣬ҲڽըΪ촷ۣء
ǧѸٽӽ
һǧ˰ٲٷţ֣֣żż
ӥٶ֮죬ѾԤϵļޣǰ̴ﵽǧĴֻʧȥãس֮Ȼֻͽ͵غ֡
ʹͽ͡Ҳֻͽͣ
ٲٲʮɿĻǺӾǰ޴ĵűʮȵ߸קͷʮɣ
ʮɣʮɡ

һ˻ڻǺӱһԾԾʮɾ룬ֱ߸ߵͷбͷһţ顪
ʮִһֱ̤˰һڻǹһɨ֮£ͬȫۣصĵź¡һ
ͬʱسǹٱմһע£ӥٴηɹʮɾ룬ֱͷ
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س֮ʧ룬æְνȴͻȻۼһƬ⣬ƮƮط˰գһ𣬱㱻εض˳¥֮ϣžһƬڰ֮С
ӥһٻɱس֮ʱͷɾ룬ȴûһԾϣһ˴һ·ĳȥ
¡
׸ƺһ£ĳֱӱƣشͭբŵʱӥ˴ҳһ޴ӣͭŶﰼݽȥرΡ
ӥ˲배ŭһлǹǰͻһ͵ĹǴҪǿѾرεͭźȻҷ˳ȥ
׸ͭǽڡβƵĳţʱӥǰŻ󿪣
ɱ
ӥԾǹ紦·Ȼǰһָӥӵ뾩׸ڣ
磡
硭
ڰ˫ӥǣһĽӥɫĳĿ⡭
ӥ˷ӥߣĮǣӥţзߣɱۣ



071 Χۼ
ӥƳŵͬʱһö˶̻Ҳͬʱб
׸֮֮ӿָ֣ͷ׽һŵͭǮױϡ
Щһ㽫ãȻ֪ķ衢ӰɱöжסѾɢ׸޷γЧľ޴ڵİ׽֣Լһ顢ڿĽֵسɱķӥﾫֻֿ㱻ɱøʬ
׷ȶһƬг˫·ʤǰܣԻɱԷзĸΪҪĿꡣ
ԭռƣȴͻľ䣬зǸһܽʵ֮սûзֳʤⳡսͲֹ
ǰ˴Һ֯͵ؿʼ˵ֿսԴȶΪģ˲ɢ׸ս֮ң˴Ŀġ
ʱһŴսĽֵϣ˫Ѿ߰ɱһ
ɱˣˣԡѪ𻢣ŭŽĿǳŻҵļʿһԺ˵ļһϣ
ֵʬҰͷ׽һֵ֣ͨһȴ¥ĸ֣СȡĪ硢ʮֽ桢ɾĪ̾Գͨɱڶǰ˵ģ¥ص¥¥

дաһᣬֱӽĪȵ˿浶ߣһǺĪǿһбɳȥԶ۵³һѪ
ͬһʱ̣ĻһĪԵġʮֽˣש֪˶ٿ飡
ɱȺ¥
廢ԭֻڣǰȻͻƹ飬ޱȣȻ֮ǰذϹһֻۣ˵ϻ׶񣬴ĻƣȡĪ͡ʮֽĬҲס廢һĵ
廢ŵ֮£¥ڸֶʱѹܷǸϵֺȻкã׷廢Ŷסֿڵĵֳɱȥ
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飡
һľʵĴͬǽһȻѣһ󺺴зʳݣһѾŻͷֱӳ廢е𻢶£ĻȻǿҲһۡ
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𻢴һһĻͬʱ߾ٴ󵶣廢һӭȥ
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ǿҵĵݺᣬΧʮǸֱĵնö첲ȣһƬ廢סһȴһ˵Ľͬʱ¡
ĻţΨ𻢾ĪŶԷУףۣȻ㡭㣬û
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ͬ飬Ҳֵϳ֡
Ϲһ˫۾ġ񡱴޳ȻĿӣƺϰơĦڭ޹һĸӦбøӷ񣬴һʼ֮䣬ѾгͶǸİ׵ѪĳߣĶһҪԱԪ˶ͲͶ溲񵶵ƴ֤
Ӣ۷ʹȫһһҶʮѸֱУˡ·֣ۼҪɱһѪ·֮ʱӭһλֽݳ֣һʮȻԷȫ£δǰһǶԷķȻɺ֮С
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˲ϢսǸĸ·֣ʱĸ

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溲һԱߵĲɰͶֵס񡱴޳ʯһĽ
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һĶܣѱ˾ͽȫޣֻЩ뿪ԭص
ȺҸֶ־ȫޣѸٳһߵĸ֡
ӣ˻ߣԭ𣿡޳һ¹顣
޳ս֮ڲͬ˶սƫƫսϣ£ͻƣƿߣ񽣡֮뵱սʵȴǬܣϢս֮룬佣֮ңټ

޳˫ĿʧȴǱȳʮ౶ʹ㽫溲䵶ʹһֱʺ溲һһ¿
Ԫ˶һǻɢŤͷܲ˵ؾҪѡ
ոԽһֵӭһɿĺХ绨նоȾ񱩾磬ֱǰԪ˶

Ԫ˶ʧɫһʱѰľֵӭ

ֵʱ绨飬Ԫ˶ݶ֮ϡ
ܾһæǰֵ绨ɰͶԥһ£ǷǰԮȴáһһֻŽɫ׵ĴͻȻƬ·һסԪ˶һֻҽţȻק˺ڶķ֮ڣ֮ž
ɰͶһۿ֮ǡСӥչ¶ʱʧǣֻǺ֮䣬Ԫ˶ƺһʱ֪²תȥԶԶֳ
ɰͶų쵰ҡ
顪
һ绨ġɽƿڴ绨ȵԷ䵶һţȻ֮ж飬³һڻѪҺʬ׷ɽϣڷ

һҽУԶ޳ĸ溲ͬڼ֮ڱ񡱴޳ĳƿһķ˫۱ͻ²ʵϢ
磿
绨ݶϺʡ
ģץסˣ
չɵĻʱ绨ϲ
Ԫ˶ȻΨһıСѩ񵶡Ҷߣһ书ȫڵ֮ϣû˱ʵۿۣóչж־ȫޣֻǼغ֮㱻չסѨžžצסѨ־ܡ

ںɫ쫷ӿ񱩡
˾ͽַŵַŵһ˶ڵǰĿ磬ǴЦ⣬аȻɨһ۲ɨȫע֣ŷֻԼԼеѺڵ
ѣڿԳȻһսˣ
޳һŪ飬֪ν
ϣ
޳߳߹ٿȻʶʱҫ۵Ľ⣬ƫƫͳ÷·ɫĹһ㣬ʮΧǰһֱ˾ͽ塣
˲Ǽ䣬˾ͽǰĹΧҹӹɭɭֻһѽ仯ľ


072 ޵
ܵǣͬһʱֽ̣𰡱ƺ͡λꡱαˣҲͬʱǰϹһǣ˾ͽ塣
ֳ֣޳ڣ˶ֻɹķԱ⣬̽ζԣΪ˭Ҳ֪λġʵ״ﵽʲô̶ȡ
̽ʽΪڹΪǿ֮䣬˫ǲϤһس֣̽һ¶ֵĹ͹ǿֻǴʱȷʵô˶ΪǵĶǡ˾ͽ塣
ѵ֮ԳΪΪĵ
赶Ԩһ֮ٲľأա
һȫԸʮɵĹôһʮɵĹʮɹһתأգطŴ¶һǲɹԼȴ亦
һȲأҲԼء
һƴĵ
ֻھʱŻᱬѰʵŻƴ˾ͽһһƴ
ƴ˵Ȼ
˵ĽԼûб˵Ļô˾ͽԼûУݵµģֻһѵ
ҲֻԼˣɾΪ˵ɣԼĴڶû壬Ϊ˵š
ʶΧ˾ͽɲڵȻһ֣֮£˫յ֮ơ
˾ͽ屻ҹŵٿؾֹҽ̤ϣ׵쫷ڵغȻҡһ£𣬰ѿ֮ȫ˹ȥˡ
һ֮ʮɾ룬˾ͽ嶸Ȼֵм䣬ֱ桰޳Ҳķƺαȫһն

޳Ŀӣһ˲ֻ̮һ㣬񱩵ٿȻ˷ѹĿֻԼһˡһԼȻֵס㲻Զִڣ˳ûֹ˾ͽ壬ɱ˾ͽ壬ҲԼȻڴ˵֮¡
ݣ
޳һ̿͡
̿͵ǾԲƴҴ̿ͻиƣͬʱҲƣǾģȵһɱǾѵĻᣬҲ׳֡
ԣԾȻһ˾ͽ壬ѡˡ
ֶԾһˣпٲ
ˡ
Ϊ
ˣɲǼ仯ΪƮ̵ĹӰֻһ֮⣬ѾĽȴδˡ
ΧĹٿȻߣ˾ͽϮ
ͬһʱ䣬ķƺαȴ۾ͬʱ׼˾һкɵʽ͵˵ޣ˾ͽ
ߣ
˾ͽʽδ䣬ȴһ˲ۣšˡһһͬһɫ֣סԲʮɾ롣
һ˲䣬Ѿ˳ɿ޳Ҳر˽
ǿƻһɫֻ֣һ㣬ʵϣǸͲ֣ǵ档
˾ͽ忪ʱһһϸߣôڣϸһţһﵽ⡢ʵĵš
ɲǼ䣬ؼһ
ûһĻһֻӬڵâΧҲѾʬΡ
ͬʱȻˣˡ
ϣϣ
ͬʱС
޳ԶˣҲǱâһֻ䣬㱻ƷԿǣغ«ȥ
αưܣֲֽͣԡѪһбظ㽫ʳ룬˲ܿƵ׵һ·Ѫ
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ϣ
˾ͽ廹ʣȻһȻŷûг֡
ƿ˾ͽ壬΢΢һЦѵá
˾ͽ嵭ע
һĨѪǸ֣ƺҪ̧Ĩ֮䣬ָٿȻ䣬ƣȻֱۣ󡰻һ飬ûһѪһʬֲ

λꡱα롰޳ͷҲصطɶݶȥ֪ж೤ʱ䣬˶ûгԹɥ֮Ȯĸоˡ
ۣ
Զ֮˾ͽ巽һѪһУһжԸ㹻ҪԸƵУֻ»ǲƵСʵΣͻ벽񻰵ϵأ
˾ͽʣʧȥ˸쫷磬л䵭͸ƣŷ䶴Ϥš
֮գӢӡ
ˣ


εɫĽâ㼤䣬˫Ӱ翣Էǻã
һεˮȫ
ȴȻתܵһɰԵǰըѳˮΣˮһĽ棬˰ȦȻӰȥ
ݡ
ٴˮξ䡣
飡
һһìͬʱնԺһ˫ٿȻɿ¶Ρ
΢΢ɫǱĺͨԹúúõģ㹷յʲô֣
ͨ˸ۣЦûѣֵҪ𣿡
弤˸սѿսһӣŭȵңºڵ˭ˣҰæϲ㵱ǰ谡
ͨЦ֣ƾѱҲڡ
ʤðڤ޵иɱȴһʱ޿κΡ
۵ͨǽ壬˭ڰ֮ȡʤشǵɱû뵽ǣ쵰һȴ޷죬ûʲô󷨿ԣȫĬһ̶ȣЩ̥һ˫̥ҪĬͲʤ˹ԿҲֻǸƽֶѡ
ɱ
ԭڽͷĸʱҲɱ˴˵أְڿƣæҲ˻Ӫγɻŵľ棬Ϣ֮
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Ϲ磡˭
Ӻ˵Ǳڤ޵С
ļٵģû
ʲôƹǲӱˣ

Ⱥ۵ҶǾһš
ͨһƲ죬£ǶǸһˮļٱڤ޵У
ٱڤ޵У
һ̣ǽ壬ʤҲһ𾪵ؿ˱ڤ޵С
˿̵ıڤ޵ȴɫ˿δ䣬侲쳣شʲôϹ磿ͨЦ̫˰ɣǱҽӣ˵岻
ʤһĭȻ֪ʵǰȻʱ֧ͬЦһǻ֮ͨġµһۡϹ˰ɣʲôϹ硯û˵ΪȫµӢ۶ɵôϲڤҵĵòܹģ£书Ҳģ£Ϊ˵С


073 
ʤĻʱȺ۵һƬͬ
ͨԴ˺⣬ӣת̣ԭǵ걻˱µԣǽӲУܱԶСǺǣȻʱȵĻԵĻᶼС
һԵġ񡱴޳ɻʵΪ˺£
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ʲôıɱ׷ʡ
ͨŶıڤ޵Уڤ޵еֳڤʤɱˣλϹ磡
˵˵ڤ޵ΪʲôҪɱҵֳ
ΪܣΪ㲻Ǳڤ޵Уͨںܾ֮ǰڱڤ޵лǶʮͷʱɱðˡڤУûܱǼٵģΪǴûмıڤ޵Сֳڤʤ
Ա߲ʤôҡͷ˵ڤִӰǰͱðˣֳΪΰǰȥΪ֮󣬵񣬲ȥأͨҿķˣ
ҷû裬ϹȻ֪ͨűڤ޵УܣҲţ׷ɱɣڷ˶֮󣬸벻ͨǲŻæ顪٣ĸҲɴʶһλֵܡҲʱɱֳڤʤµļǺţصܵص㣬Ȿռǣ
ͨӻͳһͷıӣдּȴǼ¼һֳηܵͻȻڲͬþޣҲͬİˡ
ͨڤʤҲ˼֮ˣԼļٵܵ죬ٳɼٵ񣬰ѱڤҴ˴֮ףϲ֮ҪԴвٱڤ޵Уƿ塭ٺ٣ǵϹȻԸһŬ׸ˣŲ壬ֳֽɱΪȴû뵽ıֳط׼ĿһٽҴ
ͨԣȻ󲨡
٣߶ࡣ
ΪΣûֱӵ֤֤ڤ޵Ǽٵģνıڤʤռǣ޷֤ʵɿġ
ʤǿ׼һ㣬ʣ˵ô֤࣬𣿡
ͨ΢΢һЦ͵һƽǱռĵ÷飬ȵûУ
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ͨһЦ˵ľʵ顣û֤ôˣ²ôˣֻҪ˻ɣͻ˲֤ͻ˵һָڤ޵УϹ磬Ӿͻĵӣвϣ

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ҲǺͨĿġ
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ЩڲʤȴǺ壬ǰ֮Ǳڤ޵лϹ磬ǸԼվһӪ֮УǼٵģǸã֮Ĺϵβơ
뵽˴ʤͷһЦһЦһ߹ƣƹȤȤˣʣıݣ𣿡
ţˣͨؿڣ˿ңȻôǼ

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׿ľɫȴΪŭ֡
ǵѾȻڸַ治˺󣬵ȴû취֯׸ѾŴѾ֣ô죿Ԫɢ˸Ԫѯʡ
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׿һʱڳƵлݿŶԷ۱˪ģʵղŻ˵ĻС
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飡
׿вյɫһֱӻΪ촷ۡ
ռȻһƵԺڶɫ⻷֣˫ĿһƬǰǿѹ֮£֮ʦŮЩҲ˵


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񻰾ѹ׿ҲֿסǶԻ߲Ƶľη
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ƵǰųηܲľǿŮ뻳УĽôã㹻ˣѾȣֵǰ䱻սʧܣҵУʥơֻȫľЩνİ׵ʿζʥŵǧǰһ˳߲
׿һƵ˻УȻ⣬㰴ռƻаɡ
ţãҵǻ󱦣ҵĻʺĸ£
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ҶһĸֶʱȸԾһҡ
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ʱԼһĸУҲ˲¶֮ɫ
ʱӥڿ˵֡ڤ֡Ǻǣչĳţ´˸ǣڶȾȥչĳȨһأ´Ǹǻʸ̩Сʲôǣݹҷ飬Сһӥųˡ
ʲôºܣʱֻҪӥͷģǡìڡʤħڤ޵УĽӢ֮Ѿȫ亹ֱðӵûˡ
һλӵһλм˸ӥսδ֪֮ˡ
ڤ޵һŭչ۷ɣɱңһҹ
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λ뷢԰׵ֻ֣һ㱻ҶûܣνɨأĽλû˸˶䳰ȷ
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ܼ򵥣չ۷һֱƬѪ¶¶ĳأȻ뿪˵֮ˣȥǱӣԼѡһͷߣЩͷǵ֤ͨûͷԼͷ
ٰ׵ʿѪȵֱ˷ָ
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˵һ֣ȻҲеڶ˳֡
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ٷϻչĳڣչ۷۾һУʱŵòʤҶԣ滰ٶ˵ͷѪ
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˭Ҳ벻Щԭͬ׵ֵĸ֣ɥʧ֮󣬾Ȼ˳
ʲô׵ħаʵԣȫһӡ
Ҷ˳ⳡ־磬߳⣡
һ죬ԭǸټǧ׵֣ܹ߳׸ģûгһˡ


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Լ֮ɱԣⳡµҾ֣ӦñԺܿɣ
Ҷ֣ḧЩ͵̾ϢһϧԼʵȻѸ٣Ҫ뵽֮Уǲ˲ֹһ
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Ҷٴڿգһȥɣֱʮһ档

涸ȻɫֱҶһ˫һϣȻסҶһ
ֻǴʱͻִ̫٣һʱֻǰ̽˳»У

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һȻײ顭
лһðʱȼ

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Сӣʲô򣿡
Ҷϵһ°ͣЦͷרΪ㴴Ĺ˰ɣ
ʱŭҪǱҶ߰㣬ƫ־޵ؼŪƣӦֱԷıϵɱôֲа˳ɵİսС
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飡
˱ɳȥԶϻȫ飬˫ֶʱʧȥ֪ͣ񶶡
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үⱲǿˣ


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ҶɵһЦﵹǲǣô׼֮زز𣿡
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ҶĿɿڴʵӱˣΪʲôʦֵĺӣɫһʳԼʵ飺˭ˣ
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Ҷĳĸ֣˫ȴѾӵķ֮С

«έߣ«έ«ѩѩãã
«έ֪«έ֪񡣡
Ƭֱ«έžгţ«έˮһƽһ壬ˮˮظ
۵«һƬչİ˿ޣӭƮ
Ǿ׸֮һƬ«έׯϰտƬ«έһЩ«έƷһЩ㣬ĺǾڴɹ«έĹ㳡ϳŶ衣
ֻǵĶ鵱жһ°׷ȴźںӵĹͷҲŴһ߳裬һ裬ԶſĲ㶹ģ·ͷմ«έ«ԵǱֺЦ
«έߣ«έ«έ׽Բء
ٸͣǵţɡ
ӳʲôͷҲųʲôôͷҲô
ΧûһˣʶҲûֹɵǺ֡
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ǸСӣû˼ôƯһֻھ׸Щٹǲ
治ѣȴûһ˸ҹȥһ
ΪվŰ˸˸Ĭٸȴð˾µϢǸе־ģǽվڳԱߵ԰׵ķװ԰׵Ƥ԰׵ͷ԰׵üëǰ޳һ㣬˶ǵ˰׻
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079 Ы
ͼĿ⾼һ˫ŭҶ
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ҶһУȻѵҲûôΪҹ黹ѩΪ˸ɼ͹ϵɼҪֲǽŷġ黹ֻǸᣬǴ仰컹ûžͱɼһ
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ڤ΢۾ʵһΡҵ죬󣬴ң򡭡ߺߡ


080 ѩħ
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Զֻʣͼһˣְֳѩ񵶣ŵؿһС
ŷһУֻУ


081 ֱ׷
ŶŶŶ
׸һũͥԺ⣬ӤøոҪһ̣һһ׵ιŻеӤһɴȸģ
˭Ҳ޷һƵӣȻô۰һӡ
徰ڴʱֵģͬΪǰһĻе𾪡
ҶûмԴԼĶӡ
ͷҲ̧ιźӣؽ߹øɾΪһʦ˵飬ǵ¶뱦ٳֵɲǣҲףԼʲôΨ޶Ըᡣܶã
徰뱧ż򣬵ⱲӶȢӡѵԼҰˣ
˵ĴߣΪҶӣҸҪã
徰˵ͷԴǸһЦǸҸϻȥʱ򣬶ԷѾˣȻҪȳӣԷ̫࣬׵һǣֻá
ס⣬̧ͷһ徰룬µļǺˣҵԵ
徰˵ͷҲ̫ŰԵѾע⵽ˡҪôİﻹ
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Ϊʲô
վԵͻȻ֮䣬ҷıƣûоԵʵΪܣǰ׷ĻҵõһУһֵ˲䶼ԽҴԭΡ
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Ҷһ̾һǰǸͷ˵Ҿ¡
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Ҷչ֣صͷȫעٴηֱ׷


082 ս
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ת·Ȼ·һϵĴӣ·иСͷ˴еĿĵء
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᲻Ѿ˴ߣչüʵ
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Լһ·µħŰǣҲ֪ûע⵽ЩƽһӦħӣô˹ؼʱ̣ȴһûг֣
ҶӦԷ̳޵һХʮơһ죬ӡԷţͬʱЦãҶˣմ˿̣ļա
һ׷ץԪ˶лɵצˣҶβϲ
úãЦһ۹צֱӭҶһƣȴ裬ϸչӥǷû͵Ϯ
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Ǹڶѳ뾩׸ħҲ䲻ΪӥĶڵԮοǰսмɷֳʤȻԪ˶֮ߣþ˲ɣٴԼС


083 ȴ
Ҷݱóƽ֦̽ڣޱȵɱ˫ϯһ־ȥȫ޷Զ졣
ߣҲ֪鵨ӣѹԷһХ۹צʮצӰɢȥ˵н·
ġ۹צ綾˵ΪĿģֻҪƵһƤڶսͣľ£Ƭ̱Է֮УжνǼΪ
۸ҶûбֶԸԼġ۹צȻηηβרʹļֻҪҶϣչơʱֻҪ˥ƿ϶޿ײعȥ֮͵ַ˸еӦǳ಻ܳΪ֡
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ҶغٺһЦǰʩʩȻϹѲҵĶ֣ڻ뷭Ը㣬òűһСȭòˡ־ܣпһ
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ΪҶʲôأȴ֪ǿ֮ĩǿΪ֮Ĺס֮ȴ˲䱩ǣΪСڤ񹦡ĴڣĹûȫ޷ֵԹԳԼķ²
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Ҷɹʮɾ룬һչ¡һ죬ǿΪһŭʱΧӥ˵ħŸ֣׷׵ɳȥǶ
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084 һ
ĩ衣
ưôк£˷ᣬء
ؼһƬţ˺¡
Ͼ⻹ֻһ峿
СԺ⣬У¡
һֽɡС
Դ׸Ĵ䣬һһҹʱ䣬һֱվµСԺ֮⡣ϢѾ˳ȥᵽ
ֻʱȣھᣬԸôվ⡣
ʮڴһ裬ݺӻš
һҪȵ
ԼⱲµĶע
սҪЮϽɽᵶ֮ս黹˲ġԵ˷ڡ
ΪһľԵ
Զţķ

͸øһֵСƹš֪һʵǿ
һ̾Լ˵֮ѾǵĲϮɱԼˡ
ǰʬѾˣĽѪҲڴʧ١
δ°ڷ·ֻڷ𣬵
һһѳͬһи߸߷𣬾δڣ˳
ۣ
һ죬ͷҵָ뽩ֱͷϵĶҳܲסϮֱΪ룬һѪ۸ڶ˴͵ϣͬʱ㵹ѪˮˮʳȥûԱߵˮ֮С
ĳЩ˵ɽ󣬱֮ΨֲһЩ˵ȴǵȨ߷壬ƸĻᡣ
֣ûмӡ̣ͷҪ۷ͷܲЩ̸֣һָ֣Ҳֲ
׸һ֮󣬸Χ˶ս˫֮⣬Ҳۼ˲ָ֣ͻȻиССȻҲٲҪһĺú
սҪЮϽɽᵶ֮ս黹һ˻ɡԵ˷ڡΪһİԵԶţ֮Ϊ

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𼬲ѮĽҩģֹˮеĻ̼ɼ
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۾һУ¶ı飬ɽ֮ˣЩӡ󡭡ŶˣԺΪսҵɱһ֡Ǹ˾ˡ
»֣̿벻ǵ£
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ʥٳ㣿Ҳ˶
һɵؿ
һǸȻˡ±ǡڤڤ֮ʥٳ£ȴҪвڤϧȴ֪ѳţԼӰ첻󡭡
Ǹƽӣɫһɫ
ͷɵǡѾȻ£ϳ͢˾֪
ΪҪԼˣ
̧ͷĿᶨصҪɾԼҵ˵Ŀܣ
˶ܱѣβͼɱ֣ǿѹϮ
ĺµȻԼҰģ
˵˵Ұģһɣʵ
һư֣
ϲˣΪԼˣԼҰģаԵƾʵӮ£˿˼ʲô˭Ҫǲһֱӿˡ
Ȼ֪ϲʲôˣĴ𰸾Ϊ׼ġ
־һЦϧûʵĵۺ񣬿ϧϧԵɱҲ㣬ŤŤǣ
ΪͽԸѧͨһ򵹣µɽȴв֮ģ֮ȷʹ۷ƴСˣǲӣȫ
Ե۾һУŷ͸һ㣬˵һУֻ¶Ϊŵɣ
²ҡ
ҪǲأҲв𣿡
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΢΢һЦʲô
λƢġµһܻص¼ȨҲָ£ȻвӰ䣬ȴᡭ
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ͬ⣬Ϊʲôͬ⣿ĺܣϷļйضӺʲôֵõģֻҿԴ㵶ֻҵĵ㣬Ҳδ£
쿴Ե
˿̴ת磬ų쳣ྻεԵ̧ͷ죬ˣ̫Ļ̫ءǶҪǰʧȱֱǰľ񡣡
ЩĿ꿴Ʒǳ򵥣ƫƫЩ˾Щδ޴ʱ򷴶Ǵ¡ΪΪԼĲΪҵڣͷûЩһ£
Ե֮עƣһаԵĻ䣬ȱͽʣɾվޣ
񸡶ѣĬɼ֣Ըһԣ
ģҲֹ㣬Ҳ˽һ׮ףԸƽĺܣ
һЦǲФģ
Ҳ֪
ܵɱʱһߣæ͵֪ڤ󻤷ģֻҪץסǣɱǣΪڤ̳ˣȫȨֱͷ칫ӣ
̲סϷɱ˸ƽǺǣȻĺɽǵͽϧҶûⷭ书ߺߣүүƽҸͿ֮𣬵걻׿ǸŮŪùϣۡڤʮСȻ֪һֱûûϡ㡭ǺǣˣҹĿ࿴治֪ӦǷһѣ·㣬ǻǸ
һ˲䣬δ֮ܵǸϲŭ޳ˣǰһܺƣһ̾Ϳȡ
ƽһûбʤյǰ£ðղ뵽ʱܱɱȻһΣĶˡ
ģ
еɱΪ֮һ
֪һΣĶɱˡ


085 ڵ˫
Ҷɵ㶵ǵؿ̱ڵء°ĭġצֿ˿Լ˫֣ԼΧ͵ӥˣεʼ磬Ǹһʱûƺý࣬ˣ
޲ȥС쵰
ӥѶֵˣҶһ׵طסԷķҶ뵱Ȼʹˡڤ񹦡
Цб˲ռ˵
ҶһֵĹܹתԼҲǺռ˺̬Ҷתˡڤ񹦡˹ĸоʵ̫ˣůȪһʱ𣬾Ȼ˿յĳ̶ȣֱӰȫ˸ɾ̱ʺһأֱſڵϿ°ĭˡ
ҶʵҲ˲ӹ龳죬ֱȼﵽ˹龳ڰĵزʣһʵѾʮѽˡ
ԭĵʮλڵϴ׵ֱߺߡ
ûѶˣӥüģ˼һתȴ˵ҶСŹΪ֪⡾ڤ񹦡ϣһֱΪṩߣǷһ·أ
Ҷҡҡͷӥڤ񹦡Ȼ龳֮ϣ׷Ѿǵˡط֮򣬸ϣ龳Уھž͵ʮǹذڣڴ֮ǰܸأﵽ˽Сĵز¾ɵٶ࣬ҲԶʧˡֻεɣѸܵʧ
Ӧˡӥһ̾˵˽Сһľ磬֮໥Ӧ徭Ҳı仯ԭ棬񻰾ȫƿأʱǳʥĽ׶Σ˱㲻ǷˣԺΣ۵ı֡
һӥͷ˵ʷأҽ񻰾ԺɫΣɣֻƱ˸ɽֹŰԹδ֮ǰ¼һ˸췴
ἰ磬ɵ겻ѡ
ӥһķ֣Ȼվ𣬵ȻʱòħŻǷǸϸ鱨ǱûɨΧжҶ飬ȥˡڤߺߣĳӣҧˣˡȥɾɣüһԼʵ
ӥ

ҹСԺͥ硣
ƽڴ֮ϡ
ԣһ̴ڼϣһơ
ѿգоƣڸƽڡ
ⱭƣѺܾãźȥƽⱭƵʱһЩȾƵ˼ûС
ѾⱭƵĴڣĿⲢûⱭ֮ϡ
Ҳûʲôط۾ȻʵʲôҲûпҲǶĿ⣬Ѫݷᡣ
˼֮С
ǰǡڤӣΪһŮˣ˵׿׼һٴȡǸ֮λԺڵһɵʵƿطǸ׵һĴڡ
ı񣬵ԴӼ׿֪֮ǷǳпʵֵԸ
ֻȫû뵽ǸŮˣֻѡ
ڰǰĽ죬׿Դ׵ΧˡڤҪصˣֻһڤȫʧ
İŮ˱ѣ֮𣬸ƽг֧ꡣ
ǣ꣬ΪԱ˵΢ġ
һֱŭԼܣø˼˵Լ£ԼҲ÷
죬Լһʱˡ
ҹⴵ󣬷дݵ㣬ҲԶͳĸġ
Ѿ
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䣬ؾٱһڣơ
ƾǱһʺѪݷΪһƵĴ̼ظ
ֻƱ
һƱڵϣҳһӡ
ͬʱ죬һӰǰ¡
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ˡ
еƻԻͣǰҲڵƹ֮£ƹӳУһºͱ󵶱Ʈĺ˿ѤöĿ
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ҲǶŸƽӡ
ĿͶһڰա
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ʱСԺž㶼Ϊ촷ۡ
һ˶Ӱӷ׷ɵĻҳ˳ƽüһŵؿųǰ
ⱲĵˡԵ
һɲǣ֪ԼˣԼһεıѣ
ܺãܺãƽ˫ۼ
һЦãã
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Ŀһתļ˼ҹ꣬ţפ
ƽɫʱһ벻ȻС֮ա
ЦЦʵ£к˸˵ϷգƵеΣ㸵ƽһ仧Ǹʲô
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Ϸһ㸵ƽֲǽղ֪
ƽʱ
ˣĵһԵʮ㣬ɱмܲס
ʱһԵصԶԷ书Ķ֣Сڤֻû͵Ϯ
¡ݣĿһɨѣҲˡ
һ䣬С¥֮תӰֱǱǹ֡
硢סꡢ˽ȴСԺ֣ܳ־ĸͬķ򣬽ΧڵС
Ȼ治ɫڤνǾӢ϶׼עһͲ̽𣿡
ƽЦʵ֪⺢ӿסһҲΪѰ׼ģֻû뵽붯㣡
ҿ벻ôࡣЦֲͷβܲ˵ˣһûзϡ
ƽƺߣͣ
ЦҪϣھͿϣ
Աߵ罣һͷȣƽһȣ
ͷһڣƽɨ˳ȥһкޱ仯ȴ߱ס
δŶԷͷҵǰȻǰͻȻãƿ죬ͷβһ˰
ǶǼѪİ䲻ݷƫܿƽͷִӲϮ
𿪣Ц϶Ϊڤ书Ҳȴû뵽ᱻõôƽʧ
ƽֱڵǰһսһ


086 һ
ƽüţ̬ŭȵҪһϸߵ𣿳ְɣһβĶ㣬˲ͬš
Ųƣ˲⣬֮һ֮ɫǸġܷ｣Ҳڤ书Ǻǣ׿Ϊ˺Ū㣬Ҳ˲˼
TMDٷƨ
׿޽Ůˣ޷ԵĵˣҲݲκ
ƽʹȫ˵ֲͣշɣһƵֵͷ֮ʣһСǱɡͻһģץסȫʩչδһ
߳ȴʼնû֡
ɾǻĻᣬһͷǹֶ˷ϣðź˵ıм˫ۣͬһʱ̣硢סꡢҲִĸ󻤷ڤΧ
ɣ
кӧ֣ϣƴĳɱȺӲ忪һȱڣ֪ǰͻȻһŽ˳ȥ
䲻ߵ÷ɹ⣬źȵСӱ£һϸţ
һ䣬ȻƻһһʽʹԼġԵ
ڵѵˡ֮Ѿɵ˵˵ж
ֻŵĺúȻ׮ԡԵȡӺǱû׵һ顣ΪܹչֵǽʵӲѹɣͶ֮䣬˱
һţ˼֪ԼȥҲãҪģͬʱҲָ֪ԼԵȫ˽ͷβ
ǽףеĹ䣬֮𺳣״
ʱһסƽΡ
һ硢סꡢ硢දΧһת˲佫ĵΪΣȻΧס
ƽЦһԵˣסʱת󡿱Ұ˼ãת˵㣬ƵˣҲø׳ƳΪС׸Աȡ𣿻㵹ùóΪҡʱת󡿵ļ֮
硢סꡢ硢ףʱתչãֳƱɫһƬӿ
ǿ꣬ΪľǶԸ֣һչһεļƽ䡢쳣ƵУסλסΨһȥ·
еȴȫǣֻǽǡԵһһʩչһʮƣնڷƱɫġʱתΣϸȴǿᣬμÿһ仯
ôƣҲȫţ뺣üͷԾ
ƽڣЦ֮
δأζȻһ٣Ա߹սȵʮСԵѾʾϣζԵУˣ
䣬˫һһ֣һƷ꼲ײ˻ȥ
׵ӹתһƣȡڵ֮ϣ˴ȥ
ȣȴ˲罣һɴ죬ǲһܹϡ
תָһ罣ֱһ飬ֻʺˣ
ͬһʱ䣬һ˱ǹĳǹԵֻܵصǰ񱩵ľɳȥɾ룡
ƽʵʱһ󣡡
硢סꡢӦνѸٱ任ӱ䶯˫ƶХ
ԡʱת󡿵Ѹٱ仯׽ǿĵΣһȴ֮ǰȫͬ
ǰĵ龳ڵֲͨûжֻͬǸǿһɽƲɵ
ʱת󡿵ʩչԷ硢סꡢ硢˵Ĺ书α仯Ѹ٣ȽгɣǴݳȥһա
ĵȴȫͬԭʽʽ֮жȫʧһȴѭһ󻤷ܹ䣬֮ϣ𽥱䵶ǣƣ𽥰Ѳãߵʱȫ
ͬʱתԽתԽʮƣʮʽġԵ֮󣬡ʱת󡿶ʱɢ
ԵˡԵ֮Уһʱ伤Ī˫ˮ
󻤷һ񣬽Żһۣǳ⣬ٴһϣ
һߣơʱת󡿣ݲȣԣƽһԷƣæǰ󻤷չѾδ֮ͻȻ͵ϮͷһڣֱӺ¡
һЦ̤ǰһȵˣϷϷˣʱǿˣ
ֻȻ쳣ȫղų֮òˣƾһɲ˼ıϢ
ƽȥɣ
һ£
ŷؼİȫһͷţϱš
µשʯʱѡ
СԺ¥ʱŴ飬ԺǽԺеʯʯҲԶƮʩʱе
ɢϢâ֮ʢ֮˾ʸһ֫顣
һ𣬵˿ηɲƽ𺧵
һףԼоνʱתȸǰֽҲǿ˶١
֪̫͹벽񻰵ĸˣ
˶סˣֻиƽǿԿƣΪĳӵܲκεʧܣ޷ܣ÷
Ե˴˿̣֪УԱһ˿һ֣ǿ֮ĩɱ
󻤷ηѣʱڶϡ
ֻ֮УҲ˶йҰһ£Ųʱ˼֣罣վãԱմȾ˻֮ɫҲǹŲ
֮⣬ȫ˱ۿҪʱͻȻ͸һɹĪľӨ⡣
˶ȫڰ٣ѪҺʽ޷УоǴ󾪣ȴ˵
ƽȻɫô
Ҳûֱֺܶ˼
ʱ䣬СԺٶɱ
һеģǡ
Ե
ܼĴ󻤷ŷǸڡ
֮󣬱Ǹƽƽ񲨶޲ߡ
֣ơ
ʹֱţΪѾǷܴǣоһʵ֤ٸͷϡ
һᣬݵǰ
һļ򣬵𣿡
ƽɲǼƽϢʵһнʲôã
ʮ
ƽ˵ͷùҷˣ
ӫٿȻһգ
ÿ˶ͻȻ˶һ¾ɻ
ֻɲǼ䣬󻤷бǰ˵ˣ˿ڱѣʱѪɣҽδһء
Ψһٵĵ罣룬ðѪҺУӶݣԽԺ֮⣬ת˲Ӱ
Ȼֱδ
ǰԵʵǡµһ
Ѫ棬ƽʱѡ
ζؿһۣſԺⱻԺţ˹ȥ
û˳û˿ڣҲһ͵ı鿴Լ游
ƽǰ˾ʹ˴˸棬һԼӣƽݾδƽ˵ЩˣȫѣɰѲѪڤѪӽڤ֮ˣ
鸴ӵصͷ˭Ҳ֪ʱеʲô
ƽƽŲ⣡
ƽ۹ʧȥһֵͳֻԼӵʼδܱ𰡣ĺܲġ
񡪡
һһŵâڸƽ俪̼仯һ̣ξ߻ΪΡ
ʱƿϮ绨̤СԺҿһۣСӣʲô
ͷѾ֪١


087 
Ҷһʱ嵽ڤڵԺ䣬û½ŲɳӰѪǱ
Ҷһ۱ϳų˵罣һ롣ԥ׷ȥ˵غ绨չˡ
罣˻Ų·ŷǱ˵ҰֻһζسһӣȻûһ˿һľԣȻֽܷҶ
ҶҲ⵽һϡٵĵطٶ֣ʶֻ׺󣬲δһʱ
н׸һƬƶҿм˾סլ֮Ҷڲٸ棬͵ؼ٣˲׷

ͻϮ˸εѣһս֮ȴʧֻ֮Ҫ룬ǵṦαȵҶָ£˱ñһ飬ʱòܶ
δӿ׹䣬Ҷ˫һСݺסãŶѡһư˵Ժ˽ȥ
ʱ֮Ҷ߳СĿĵš
罣ˡ
˷ŻѪ
ģûѪñĿУΪʱڵʧ䡣

ôҵĶ֣һ㱨ĿжûС
罣һ̣ûɱԼԼĵ罣Ҳûֳۺĸо
ֻǵԼݵʱ򣬿ŵ罣¶ľʮŬûа׷ѡ
罣ˣȴǷŹ롣ͬģڤ񹦡һ빦룬֮޷һصʵ
֪ǵŵ̡
罣ѪɷڲһΪԼַҲţֽԼɷɱΪŵˡ
Ҷ㽫佻ţΪϾǡֻءĸףѵԼܽ뽻壬ִԼĸ𣿲ײҾ磬ʵ̫顣ǵļ£Լĺá
ԼʳϢκֻ֮Ǹȷ˼Ĳ²⣬긲ɵжƵк׿˲߻ħš¡ˡѪɷԼ⼸ӹĺɱһµģսʮˣϸֱˣЩ˴ºͷ˵鱾⣬ħźѪɷĸȫħġʮħ֮С
ħŴ˾ټΪ˱ʵͬʱҲǵĵ̫̫ӣ©
뵽Ҷɵ̾һ
ʮħԭĴڡ
һֱΪνġʮħʵֻǴ˵еĵص㣬ʵиͲڣΪûطЩƵħҲȫ˵ĸĸɽ֣ݵǸС
ñصħţӹ֣־塣
뵽ħžȻʵҲҶһϸһ룬ҲǴпܵġ
ҲѹɵԪ׶޷ҵһ˿һϢû·ƾʧһ㡣ԭЩȫħŸˡǰ쾳ĸ֣ǰֻ֮ﵽʲôĸ߶أֻЩ˲ħʵڰɡ
һ뵽ҶѪ
ʦų˼䣬ܱǵĺ˱Ҫý
ѨԺ⿪ɵȥڤҷʧȥֻŵ׷ɱˡ
ҶЩʧ߳СʱǰӰһӿжŻбһӤҶΪһҪΪ
ţ
Ҷ˫۵ɵԲûȴ𻰣ӱһѳסֱŷ
Ҷһμеһ˿ңԼǰеĿĶȷ̲סȰοǰǰת˳ֱУ׸ĸӥΪǰ
Ƶھ׸
һ仰ʱҶһ
ʲʲô
ˣ
ļٵʱƢⲻãҶʱһҭ롣
Եͷһ֮أܵؽھ綾Ƴȡħеκˡ
һѡӥ˻ʱľһᾪƵУλħһΪԮľԷͼпħ۵ֱӹɼģ
ôûдѱѹԼһ˲ᱻħ˷֣δҲ̫档
Ҷ˼һͻȻ뵽ǧϻЯĽⶾҩлһ컯衱ʮ涾ҲӳжǼǰĪһҩʮ涾Ҳȫסԣӳж𼬲ѮԹ죬ֻҪʱѹסԷǰ㹻ʱݲãðգ
ɱе͵ͣ٣˵ʵ飿
ҶҩϣôƭǰʦֵĶӣǵı
ţʦֵˡ

ҶæǧϻȡһСƿصصһöīɫĵҩ
һ˹ȥڱǶţ¶ԥı飬ҶͷƤаͷھȻԼɣ
Ҷû뵽ǣͻȻڨЦ̧ͷʵ⡭δ̵ĺӣôҩ岻ðɣжͯĽⶾҩ𣿡
ҿ
Ҷ㱳ȥԭͷǵԼĽ
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Աչһηסһ˾ͽ壬ѹɤҶͦסʱ

ҶǶЩ岻ȻչĻȻŭЦ뷨

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090 Ƽ
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׸һսλ޺Ҳ˲ˣ㱻ӡͼһж˼
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ӥͬһӣȻԱߣ֡
庽ӣҲǵͨλ̫ʱߣһûһš
Ҷػ÷ѩߣƬ̲Ը뿪ҲˣĬ׼Ϊ
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ӥЦǰǶ˵ܼģλʵЩԲ˰ɣԴɣܺѯһῼǿǻת
ӥӥصĴ󽫣˵壬ѹŶԷ
ɽŭĿһɣȵ֪ҶĻһҲڣҪͷڹꡣ
һʱŭ绨ŭӥ˸Ҫǰ֡
ʱȴǲЦһԴҩ˵ͦĸûԴԵǰԼ𣿲˼ҳȥһ˯أ˼Ҫӣʲô·ˣү졭ߣ첲ӣһкһߺȵɣĪôүȵòͷʱСĵ㣬ҪδҵȭͷȣʹĹͷ
ɽ̻˵òʱ˸ƿԣȻûֲȥ
Ц
ֻɽ˼̸Цζ
ڴʱһߣһߴӰС
æ°ݼ
ӥǰһѶ˸ˣǣһʿĴ磬ƾ¶ƤǳŴŵľ죬עӡ̡
Դָ󣬱㳡ˣϵ棬棬šԵһõ֣ΪĻϯͣԶǧɺ־һսԸӣ
翴ݳȥ˲䵴ࡣ
Ȼڶڣδ𻰣չѡޡһмȵԴݣҵԭʲôԭֻǱ޳֮ͽ֪ԵǰΪڼԲ㽻֣㻹ս˲ݡ
绨һĴȣŭԵǰH֣Եǰȹ绨ȴӦӦ
ร
Դٿתâֶչ绨ˣδ˵ɱʰ㣬ֱѹƼΪңֻһϵϢ޷ӣŷ𶢵þˣ۾ᱻϵĵƳѪ
˷׷װڿƣһͻȻ֣ΪӦơ
ʱЦҺի洫úãչСӹƢθҪиŮĻػΪչȴǺø
չǰ佱ϵɫ
ʱչ۷ɵЦŴˣǸǻӰˣ
İСԴݹžЦ棬棬ӿ乻𣿺ߺߣ벻ǵС֮Ժ𣿡
չ۷ɵϺȵ֪ұտڡΪǿıͼս֣ǰ˵ʤЩС˵չĳһʱȡ
ͨЦչֺαΪСܶ⽫ˣֵˡ
ֻ˵֮˾̣Դݱ֪ӥֻ֣֪ͬǺͨǽ壬뵽˵֮ս֣ǣ˷쳣̲סȵãЩСѪϴҵġҵơǻû塣
ԴһХ̣Ծ볡С
ٿɢ֣Ʊӥָʾ£⣬ﶼǹ龳ϵĸֶ䣬Ǽ洦һʱͻᶪ


092 ҵƵ
Դ˫δأ绨ɫҳȼȺХƿգԴݣٶƣһֵľ硣
Դڰգһκζҵơգӭͷ绨ȥ绨һߡ
ӥ⣬ôİεǳμ
ҵơʣʵʵɱ˲˷Բʮ֮أˮڶʮΧҹӥͺˣҪ˹Ųش˿
ҵơˡ
ʮԴݼϵ鷢ǰԮֵӥŭӥˡ
绨Դ潻棬оԷƴһʹĿѣʵĹаȫް취׽ٶ·쵶绨δǿ˵У˫ġ޺ȶ񹦡ҲԵֵɱԳѰĿ¡
ʱ̣绨˫Ŀͨ죬һȫٳ㣬žȡᡱһΣԴ⾪춯صһ
޿ɿĵ͸£绨ȫ⣬Իºߵʯʱۡһ飬С¶ʱУԶȥԴһ绨һ㡣
֪绨֮ǿʱ˽㶼Ǿ
չǰ壬Ϯʮھֱ˳ڣ֧Ԯ绨
ݡ
վΧ֣ƱȻֻǺΪǳڰֶһ˫ʮ׶ͬһʱʮѽ߿ٴ̸ǰšžһײͬʱѿԭ̷ڵİʱΪһƬϸĽǵصϮԴרľ̾һȻͬʱɣٷ׷չƵϸĽâ
˶ɵֶζʱָ߿һۡ
ʱ˿̣绨ԴݵͻϮѾ̣֮һʩչʮ֮ķħһþȴҵơתһ࣬Լ۱ͬ޸һ㳯Դݿȥ
Դݡมһ⣬̤ʵأĶ̵ҵơջأŵ𣬵
绨Ͻɫۡһ죬ƺһͬڵһ㱻նɳȥԶվȣǱԷӲ˳ȥ
ʱչХУ绨˵Դݸǰ˫צҫ⣬צӥצ֡ƥץԴ۾צȴǱ任ͣԡצ֡͵Էߣ
ӥȻŵ˵绨еУû°ɣ
绨ѪɫվĨһǰѪҡͷյĶȷһףȻҵġ޺ҺƲҡ̧ͷе磬С쵶
飡
չġצԴݵġҵơת˲֮佻°ٻ
ʱ̷ɢ䵽Դݺ󷽣ڿƣˣȴûг֡
ԴݶҲչȴȫһ𣬼ʮಽ˫ԣգ³ͨġצѿٴڣչȴһء
ٿԴ֮Ĳǰ岽һȡչš
չƥĵֱ飬޷֣ҵơʩṦˣͬһʱӥԽڶгɳˮ˰𣬡һסԴ׷ɱһһúչ໥վȡ
ԴյվһЦ޵ñ죡Ƹ֮صʢóصӰ߳ǵ沽ɨҶӥչ˾ȥ
ӥȻ壬һƬƣԷȥŭӥѪӥҹӥֵԴݹ
չ绨ɫԷϾݣ˸ʵδ֮ǰͬһһӿУһӵϣΧǰ
Դݲ벽񻰵ľ֣ΧȻ壬춯ֹ̣׼֡ŹһЦҵơӻӥ澢ĳϣòȥԼٿȴ벽ȻͬӰһȻըӰЮƥһͬʱŭӥѪӥչ绨˵ı
ˣ
һͬ󴸺У׵Ѫӥŭӥ˹ѷѴѪغû͹ϵȫλãչ绨ȴӥ࣬˾ҴϢһۣͬʱºȻ
սˣʮӥеӥչ绨ˣͬʱΧԴݣȻܿ⣬Է赭дһػˣˡֻ㣬ɿԴݲϯͽսʸ
ĵԾרƫ棬ʤһ֮ڡ
˭֪ڳ˿ɶԿˡ
Դ쳤Цͷڹ꣬չ۷ɡͨ壬ΪǾٴοԼӵܱҼɣ
һ䣬ԴݻΪһӰٿȻչˣӥ׵壬ӭ汻Դ廨ϸɵгǼơ书Ҳ⵲һĪչɵú˰벽չ绨ƽϣ˺һû뵽˴ŵİ벽ȴȴԴǰСҵơ̫ͬâǣӥӲ˸ǰƵӥֻܱˣֻɲ֮䣬Դһ֣̽ץ绨оȣһֱ绨Сͬʱҵơ磬չȥʹܲ绨еĹ
Դ֪ǰ绨ĴУǽϻʵۻʸ̩ĽֵܣչֻҪ±ɶԶԷĴǾ޴ġӥѿеĹͷֶȫӰ첻ĸ֣ԴȴЩ
ʤеʱ̣ɼ绨çײԴʵĺܣԷһץסȣ绨붼룬ȣ˷һ͵ǰһģռһʱһɽϮʹɽơԴ¶Ȼȥ
Դݱһ߷ɣҲˣϵõзӦѸ٣Լ߳һűԷס֮󣬶ԷȻһѾ˸ǰ
չ绨ĬȻ޳Īȴʩչɫϸֱ߰и˹ȥǣԴݵע
ԴһЦУ
ҵơصأֻһͽɽơγɵİи룬ͬʱɢʵͭǽڣû˿϶ʱ䵲չ
绨չʱô²ãԼһþ޷Դݣͬʱٴˡ
Դݴʱ˫Ŀһͺȵλܣˣ
͵̤ǰһҵơһǺնһ£ǰһݺ׿׶೤͵ɲǵ˶˸ǰĿ͵
ۼ˱Ҫնһ߲ʺ£ʱµס


093 
ϣ
Դֻѹǰ߲ʺէַ֣ǰһƹ޿ƥеֱ沿ʷִߺ˫ȡ
ޱȡʽ£ȻɲǼ䵲ԼĪһͬʱ˲䷴䲻ܳ
绨չ𾪻긦æȥ
ԴݽƬ̣ѾƥĵѪڣĿѣ˻˳սȦϢ޷Ѹٻصսֻ֧֣ѵߣСĵƻ񹦣
ʱԮĲǱˣѶҶ
Դ󳳴£鲻õҶȻðɣԳ֡
οԴ壬ϳ͢ѦͷѦҶЯ֮ܵ꣬ȴС˰˵ȴܲ
ҶһϮʹ¾ŽġƵʽͬʱӽ죬ſɻصԴݴȥ
ֻһУ㵴ԴݵıɱһȻԼҲԷֱ۷飬Ҷ׼ڤ񹦡С๦쳤ؾòϳңɵġң硿ת˲㽫Է뾭еΪУˣٴǰ죬Ƽʽ콣Ӱ̻֡
ݵĽӴҶ֮֮ͬԴΪ֮ݣӹ֮ɫ
ͬһʱ䣬ҶƵӽҲѾԴǰλĻһͲִ֮ĵյֻյʣֻ迪ȺײϷַɶѶ̽֡ҵơбϣõĽӰҵӣ߾⡣
ۿӽķɣԷǰһɱ
֪Ҷֹսڡң硿һת֮˳ңǻ׸ʰͬʱʩˡתơΪ֮
ݣ
߾ΪһǣֱԴǰأ
ף
ԴݺʱҶǰ̣㶼ҵơ
Դݹžҵơ߾ٺͷڳ϶ƣˣͬʱ壬ʹԱβֻҪֱĵ赲طأͬʱã롣
ֻҶԸϮһɫâƣ˵һ죬תơֵתһٰʮȣԴݷȥ
Դ¶˼ɫʣԷȻ񼼣ԼĵԼУϢһͣҶ߾ٻǧٽӰ޺磬׷
ԴѾδ뱻׷ĵزһʱ侹Ȼ˷֮У̾ͷͻ㷴ˣꡱһҵơ쵶ÿһ׳磬ȫ֡
Ҷʱڿⲻסˣ˶ңࡣ
Դݸ׷绨Ѿָŭоȴۻ磬ӭͷԴճŭҲӷֺȫʩ孵绨⵶һʱ伤崣һ
潻֮ڶ
绨ȫݽˡҵơʹļֻԷÿһҽǣ޼Ѱʮ൶ɱú䤱ֻܻһУۻ룬һıǿάʹ֮
ʱչһ˫ٴ˻
Դ̤沽ҵơӰһչȥͬӦࡣ
ϣ
߾
Ҷֵܺ˻ѧЧӦԴݵѹʱαӣΪ֮һͣæȶȫӦ
һʱĵӰֺϲݣȵ䣬нڶ˫֮˾Ŀѣԡ
ڴʱӥسսȦЦԴݣչĳʱ֣֤֮ȡ
ֻɽǰȴӥŭӥѪӥţ
ҵơâʢȻȲˡ
Դݶͷ̿ɿڣŭ˸£Զʤ٣ʲôӢۡ
չ۷棬ǽ䣬ʲôƽƽס֡
Դյơ
Ҷ˵Ȼͬʱ˿
ԴδվȣӥϣԴһȥӥһЦҫµӥצڵ洦

ӥȥԴȴɫ԰ףغС벽
濴ƽɫʵӥԴս֣֮Ѿռ˶ԷһıˣԴݻ˱֣޵һ֣Ȼ䱾¡
ֻӥһ֮δأͬӥһڿл裬һƶȻһأٿȻԴ䣡
Դݴһҵơлȥһȴӥ䲻ݷػر˹ȥ˫צץԴõһӥٴη𣬵δһɣٴ˻Ȼһ
Դݴһæӵٴεֵ
ӥ˫צٿȻץסҵơ棬˫Ͷ壬ֱѡ
Դɫ䣬ʱֵʣֵġҵơ˲䶼ǻ㣬϶ֵסԷ֮϶ӥ˫źصĺȻײһ
飡
ӥԶԴݣϥȫʯ֮£յĪ
Ҷ˴۽磬Ȼӥл̵֮ɣҲ벻ӥȻԽṦڹõ˷ʤ뻯ĵز˼̾ΣһʱıԴݴûͷʹ벽񻰵ʵҪĲƣ˾̾ѡ
ӥʩʩȻأԴʮɾ룬ָ󣬲ٳ
ϣ
Դͬڣ΢΢һЦӥȻӢˣδ嶼֮ǰ¾Բ߶š
˶ʱǳһ벻Դ죬ԷĻһ˵ӥȻ˼ǿ
Ȼӥü֮󣬻ͷԴ书֮ߣȷսµһʸ񣬼ȻԴֲսǱ嶼Ͻɽһϸ°ɡˣ
Դ΢΢һЦ˲Զȥ
ͨʱ𣺡ҵơȷ鴫չֲԳ֣ҿģֻôˣȴвʡ
ӥתЦµҪֻ³ǰԳ֣Ƕ̣ȴԴݡ
˲ɵĬȻ
ʵϵȷˣԳ֣пΧ֮ȡҶչ۷ɡͨĴȫ֣ԴȫӶݵ£˾زס
ͬİ벽龳磬һ֣ͻòɿأΪԼ룬ƢʱǾԲᶯ֡
Ǽ塣
˭Դôµĵʦֺ˿ֵûڵ¡
޳֮ͽ
顪
һ죬ԶͻȻըϰգľʯм֮УֻһӰʮУѵľۣݶϵƬƷɳȥˣ
˻δ֮ʱȻ죬һӰƿҶݶϿž޴ĹľЦһҶҪϱ׷Ұɣ


094 Եİ
߳
Ҷʱ˫Ŀͨ죬ȵ̡ʥ
δ䣬ѳ
ʥѪɷǡ޳֮µĵһɱ֣ȡƹ⽣ǿһ벻ߣȴ
Сթ
չ費ֻ׷ȥֻǺ֮䣬ҶѾȥʮ⣬չʮɾ룬ӥṦﲻѡ
϶ȥ
ӥһ£ṦõӥҲչ֮׷ȥŭӥ˿ٳ뷿֮ڣȷϽ

һ͵Ϯ֮˫ֺʲ¬ǷʵʣһƺİԵӲƴһǣ˫ѣˡ
¬Ƿ¶һۣ̱
һҲϵͬλãϸܵѪ黺һͱԵĵԺ⣬Ϸ¶һ˿Цݵ׸
棬ͬΪ벽񻰵ؿԼ֣ɫĹȼ𣬹ǣȻңȴûκ¶ȣƤҲûκ˺ȼյֻĻʩΪ޷ֹȼգ
𡿣üͷһ壬׹Ĺ
Ϲеһ֣ûκιֻһص㣬ЯܣͬʱȼڵµķӻֲڵҪʮ֮Żȫʧˣڼ䣬۱ᱻȼվ
˫ֺʲҴ񹦣մɣ
ɫͨ죬Ѿﵽ˼ĵزƾ𡿷գҲļ١
жô٣ܹǲͣУ취ֻԼȫմʱԵβҲֻһֻ׸ˣ
顪
ӥ޵ҧгݣȥͬһʱ䣬ݶƿ󶴣ͨͽ˪빥δ顣
ԴݲһӣĿǰעϣ˿ӣͨ͵ϮӲ֣Ĺû㹻
һеĺӶԸַνӡ
԰Եڱ;ǣ˴пȫû裬޴ĻںҲԴݻΰ侫ϳ޷ֲ־ɥʧ£˵սƵУֶͨпɱ
Դݺ벽񻰸ڳȻʹıֶΣֱ޷ţΪһʦѵι˹ˣʵ⣬ǶԷƷ⡣
ǸǸشɱʹֶΣڳ޲ߡðɣչ۷Ƕŭ¼û˿ϷŪ벽Ҳԡ
һתܡ
ֳаԵڴˣҪǱṦ׿ӥסΧ֮£Ҳֲôһ߳ŭ֣б죬Ҳмʵɥ
ʶһӥߡ
չ۷ɲСӥ֮ţԷյ֮⣬Ѿȥ˫צצӰƴֻмܼΣߺͨͽǶһһչ۷ɣٴηӶݣչ۷ٴξϣҪⷬɮÿ
ĸˣһ׷˺Ҫ¶أֻգ֮ʧ֮ڡ
绨ΧŭӥҶڱأŭֶݣӥȫ֮ûУͱ˰ɱ
ѪӥҲɿ췵أﻹŰԵСһСȣ۴ޡ
ɫ࣬þò
绨˻һۣ֣ƱǰǰҼСʦġ̫Ԫ񹦡Զϳ𡿣ʦʩչһΣҪԵƬ̣Сʦһ͡
ֻ¡ˣ
һ仰˶һ
ˣʲôˣ
˿ȼյֿ֣˿ԼĹԹСһֻḧ۵С컯衯ҩѾͦ˶ãһպȻҶһʱڣܼʱϻϨ𡾾𡿣ʧ޷һڲ룬Ҳ;Ȳ˺ӡ
˶ʱļ٣ŭӥһձñԵȥҶ׷
ҶС÷ѩ֮ѡ𣿡ŭֹѪӥȥ
˶ʱͬʱ˰֮С
̾Ϣ˼ݶƾҶѡ񣬶Ὣ޷صĻںԨǾǻǺǣ˺ĻԴע鹥ϷͬʱʩչϷΨһһܹ𡿵Ҷֱߡ˵ıһһÿһ嶼Ҫء̧ͷһܣϲҲһкƲߣˡҲĿӥҲϷҲҶСӺչ𡭡
ô죡ʱ󾪣ŵͷ⣬ܰɣ
绨ȥ͸˹һư˵֪ܣ𣿡
üĿ㡢һСѪӥ̾һҲܵĻᶼûˡ
ˡһЦӥڲ࣬ҲգѡִһλսᱻץסֻҪлᣬͷɱһˣôȻɢٲ¡ӥͺ˱д뷨Ż׷鲻ŵġܺãֻվϷѰصļ飬ǲأԵɨǰˣݵôֻ˾öȺ𣿡
˷ܣҺ˷ܣ绨һţ˷ܵð˺ʱǴɱķĻᣡ
˴֣̾ȷˡѾЩˣ
˶һ񾭲ؿˣôôѰ
һ˵˻㾡ҾͬΪǻԹԵһʱһʱ֮ҶأһΪ˾ӶֱӳƫƫǵԸ
˴棬ʣǰ׼£
Լȼա𡿵֣һЦȻǲõ⣬ǵʱඣ
ɻѣȴͻȻһ̧͵һС۾жϣȼš𡿵ִ棬նúòʹ죡

Ŀɿڴ
ѨֹסѪ˾㤵ı飬ǺһЦǼΪһϷھҪΪһʱĻ壬Ϸõ˸㹻ĴۣԼҶϱ֮ޣ
񡭡
նֱ֮󣬾һ㣬˿ú󷢸ɡ亹ֱð㶼η֮ģ׷ҶԷԼĵˣͬʱסԡ̺̺塣


095 ӿ
ʱ硣
׸һϽ֡
ϳ¼ɺͰˮͷǾ׸һֻȻóԣȴû⣬ֻеſڿڴ̣ȻԴϡ٣ǵˣҲ˾ͽȴ·صñĹһ
ֹյĺͬڣһʮ궼ϴͲž죬֧żӣȥЩͷľͷѾõķ죬Ȼõʮָɾ
һũģĵҶſڣરવسẓ́˾ͽĵδСڵĵڣһĺ
ҵʵڲôƹǻƣеĺܣһ㽹ģûС
˾ͽźڵ档ϰֹһ˿̴ӣﺰп͡ϳʳ
ˣˡ
һҵһ߳һִСƣӲʮ߰꣬ȴͷԣװ֣һװ˿⡣
ֺ϶һ̣Ϭ۵һ뷺ŰĭһɣһͷһϾơ
ҵ̵֣ϰ岻ʻ˲ͣ˾ϲˣ˶ͳԡ
˾ͽϸϸؽָ״С飬̵֮УЩûųԣԼ˿ͷ͡
ϸ¶ǣ˾ͽ̾˿˵ãζû䣡
ϰüͷһ壬̴˿һڣûصζȻû䣬ҳ꿪ʼڵǳ¼ϵ꣬汲ϴʱζһδ䡭˵Ӧǵһɣ
˾ͽһž׵Ȼ˵
ܣϳµļǿǡ
ǰʮǰ
ȿȣɶϰɴ۾
˾ͽʱүүտӣŴ顭
ȿȿȡ
һʱǺȲѡ
䡪
ʱԶķ޴ĺȫһŵôϳͷһ򣬶ؿԶصҵθԹԣһҹûˣôǱ߻ͣ׸ⶼжûô󶯾ˡ
ͬʱĻҲ˳ɵؿԶ
˾ͽͷҲ̧·Ǳߵ޹أس˸ʹ죬մžˮϼ򵥵ػ˸ͼһӣˣ
ϰͻͷϵͼ֮󣬵ź׿ףϰȴһ¶ŵ飬æǰȷͼ֮ͳĨ˸ɾͬʱ಻ס飬ԭϣԭϡ
˾ͽһ˿ͷʵˣ𣿡
ڣڡڷ󣡡弤ü޳תСŸ˼ҵԺȥϰ

ɵСæӭ˾ͽݡ
Щ벻ףǸסںԺʮϰˣΪʲô˾ͿԼҿӲʮͷֿ˧ԼϵƨҲóƺʲô˼Ұɣ
ɵСӲҲûʡ
СʱͽЩ˵Щ˵ЩʣЩֲʡ
˴ŹãһլſڣûɵСţķűѾ֨ѽһ˿һݲϵķŷʱнľ߳ſڣ˾ͽ¶ɫ
˼а䣬˾ͽѣǿ飬ֺĻƻֵȥɣȥɣûʲôˣ
Ī߿֮˼ĵؾҪ򵹣١ˡ˾ͽ
˾ͽʮδӴˣ벻ȻԼݣ˾ͽǸǰһ˲סͬʱ塭ˡЩ꣬Ϊˡ
ΪΪֻҪǵ壬Ϳˣ˾Ȼ˾ͽһܸ˾ͽ죬ϴ˾ͽ岮ֵܡӰǰʼΪ˾ͽڵ֣˾ͽ㱻ίΪ죬ȫ½ع¶Ϊ˾ͽĵʿ
˾ͽڵҰĲСҲֻ֪ӢţʹϨԭ˾ͽλ֮˾ͽ˼û뵽ȴ㽫彻˳ȥ˾ͽҵƿˣΪ˾ͽҵˣ˾ͽȻڶҵˣݷ˾ͽҵʿȴ˾ͽҵĺض֮λ
һȱʮ꣬˾ͽʮֱ꣬գ˾ͽ巽ų֡
䣡
һ쾪ȫǡ
˾ͽϵ˫оҫҪҵȳ֣ٺ٣Щδʣ˿ûЯǰʿõϵģǧˣֱֻжʮˣȫڽ֮У
˾ͽѵһЦЦոսŵСӣ˵ͷղŵ˲СС;Ѿ۷壬ȷˡ
ǸСӣǺǡ˾ͽΪһЦҵĹŵӣĶӣȻ̰ڹϣȴǺ츳
˾ͽ˵ͷûж˵ֱӵ֮ۡȰҰ¡
Ը˾ͽŵصǵھ׸ʮ꣬Щӥ˾Ҳ鲻ȴӲǵ۾
˾ͽ˵ͷΪˣŻᵽ֪Ǹĸܿӥ
˾ͽǲڡ
˾ͽǸıǸϼһڣȻҲڡҳ棬ǵƵСҲ¶ͷġҲ鵽ġ
˾ͽʱ򣬴ֵҵƬ̡

Ҷ׷ϡʥŭ𲻿ɶƣȻ֪ǵıеһͣܲ׷
ʥṦףҶ׷ϣȻԽԽҲѾ˴׸չӥ󲻼ټŹײĵʥҲѾļޣ֮޲ھ¹ײģҲû˶Կʱ
ˣǰ壬ŷǰһЩܿһ㣬ƴȫֻ뵽ĳĿĵء
ҶһȻ֪ʥٲѪɷ֣ԼҪ벻ڶԷԤķ֮ǰסʥ
ۼǰһƬٶධľΪ˱شҶһҧ֮ǰģһ·ģ˲ûһ룬ٶȶȻȴ̵ʥ󣬸ɾ͵һק
ˣ
ʥ͵ؾ屻һɴϮ岻ܿƵɶݣ֪ҶѾ֣ɢ֮½ȫڹײ֮ϣһƲȥȴһһ෭
꣬꣡
죬ԭʥվݶʱȭͷĿ֮Ҫϡ
ιԹԣ
ʥ亹ֱðˡ
Ҷһʥ׹Ĺײȥ


096 ɫ
ʥͷľϾԼ
Ҷǡ񽣡˿մĹײҵʥҶɵ˹ײġ
÷ѩҶⱲӶǣңһκջκγܣı䲻Ҷ˼
Ҷ㹻ײ֮󣬻ʱ佫ƣġʥе
κҪ˺ˣ븶شۣ
ײĺնҶ׷Խһ¸ǽʹݺסйײȻأСûˣڵ·ʢĽƿϮ
ͻأֵ߳߳ʱҶ֪͵ϮԼǡ޳
Ⱥ˵뿪׸ȴƫƫ鷳ҶдŭͬʱϹӼȻ֣ǡλꡱα϶˲Զ
Ҷһȣ߾ֿ̳
ﱻסһα֣ԼҲкùӳԡ
޳ЦһѸȵǰϿգۿҪҶס˺ȻǰҶʱһա
Ҷž泤ĽѾٿسǰӭ̶
ϹӹȻƺţʹĽѸȣ翽ϻգײڡĽ洦
һ죬ڽײϡ֮ʱٿȻһ֮ͬʱȥ
Ҷƺƣ뵽ԷĽˣ޳Ͷ
޳壬äа׹ʢӯҶ仯ٿ뽣ľͬʱ׹иҶ࣬ס
ҶüңڶԷʧͬʱ翽Ͼһ£˲ڡ֮ϣҶ˳ʱɾ룬ܿ˶Էʵһ
޳Ȼ죬ۿľ̶ȣȴȲߡС๦Ҷ

ҶŹײ׷ɣɵĸ߿գʱ޳̤ʵأĴݡ
ҶľһƱɴͷ£翽ӽˡһ롰ǧϻִҳ˷޳ͬʱʹ¾Žƽʽƥ֡
޳״¶֮ɫٿغƣرƽʽâ
ǵһųһһֵġɡҶУһ֮¹ȻǱѰ
Ҷһת߾ӰΣ
߳߹һڿѸӽٵһ£һΣҶġƽʽ޿ɱʱ޳ЦһȻӭϣ߳߹˺ۣͬһĨǰ㳯Ҷڳͬھļơ
ҶȻ޳˵ǣüͷͬʱһӣͻȻǰ֮Ϊˣͬһʱ䣬Ժһ棬һƥĽӣѩƮһ㣬ƻȴѸٵصҶǰ
αȻڴˣ
һ˲Σ֮ǰʮ౶
Ҷ翽𽣾Ѹޱȵá߾¡߽󡿣ɫʺһ㵲ǰ
ܼײڶ
仨ײڲʺϣ˫ͣģʺ粻ͣ仨ͬʱΣ޳һĨٿȻײʺ֮ҲǺʧ˲ʺ֮С
âȥֳ̩ɽҶ߾٣ס˿׹ĹľƮɣˡ
ý֮ɡ
α뾡ܶĿз޵ҲòҶ½ֶι˵ǡ¡ҲΪ
ٺ٣ɣҲ˵أ޳ۣ񺮡
ղֶ䣬̿ңǰҲ֮䣬ɼ˫仯Ѹ١
һԵġʥĿɿڴͬʱдزζǸԱԼ׷ɱҶһڣڵԼʮһ飬Ҳδ֡
Ҷԡ¾ŽΪбؾȣ޳ҲƣӦƣαһ࣬˲ˡ¾Žн˵ĹƣʹĲƣ߽󡿵ͬ˫ֱӦУȻصиɻ
Ȼصסȴزá
ֵֺϻҶ֮ǰʮ౶ԭΪ׷жĵϡ٣ֻжʢʱ֮һ
ҶϢһӥķһ벻ȴ˲԰ӥȡ
ƨһʱһʱӥ˵⻰
ἰ޳һԴݺѵ˾׸ƾǸභȴܾ֣ȵӥ˾׸׿ʧء֮£ֻӦ޺ʹһ﷽ʹǸո˳ս־ӢǰνǶ档
ЩֳûٵоǸ˶ŭ죬Ҳ޿κΡ
࣬ı죡
Դݡ飬ɼÿγ֣ǸҪ㹻Ĵۣν̰ᡣԽԽľ£׿ҲǲòǺ
޳αȻʲôǹʿֻЩ˵ĳû٣ֱǵĺôʲôĴ֮ģͲС
ҶûϢͬʱ䱸Էʱ֡
αϹ˵ۣһ̾ҶСӣȻˣͲҪˣ
ҶһЦȵã겻һǹн֮𣡡
һ䣬Ҷһ˦һ£ǧϻȡ͸ǶɰǮڣûͷûԵ˳ȥ˲һƬ㶼ˡ
벻Ҷȶ֣޳αбǰͬʱǶӾҶĹ֮䣬ƿХ𣬵ȴսٿȻԶȥ
޳αһ񣬽ͬʱƿڴ
Сգ
֪ҶϷˣ˶ʱճŭҶɱķ׷ȥ
˶ˣҲʿĴȻ飬˾ͽ壬ӥͨȣͬ뵱ȻذҶҲ˴ܣϰԵֵУȴû뵽Ҷ˽ƻթһתܡ
ǰҶ죬Ҷڶк⣬ʱʱظλӢƤһ棬չֵ쾡¡
ֲǰ׳գ֪ʵ⣬Ǹ壬Լòǰ֣ûȫȦѵƴǲԴ㶺ˡ׷ɱԼҲӵģ
Ǻⳡԭķսսֱ֮׷ս˫ɫʱԵ
Ҷα޳ֻ۾Ϲֻ֣ҪҶɱ׷ɱ
Զһĺ󷽣Ѫɷ֣ʥ͡ƹ⽣⣬ʮ׷˹
ײĳأҶ˫Źľűû̫𣬾α޳ƴ׷ϣȴҲ޷롣
ۼԶӦչӥ˹ҶһЦҪ˵䲻ǰµݶٿȻƿһ󶴣߰Ľ˳ֱԼ˫ϥС


097 
ʱգ׸ոճٴֻǰεȫǶͬһֻǼص˻ҡ
ţʯʨһͨլͬкѳֵĸլԺ˾ͽ建̨ףŻ
δã֨ѽһſһ϶һۻ軨̽ͷ´˾ͽһۣеĺڵʱƤԾһλ˭Ҽ˲ڡ
˾ͽ忴˶Էһۣţû
˵ꡰ顱һƣȷ˳ȥ߾һΡһ˿ʮԶ֮ȻֻһӰ
غ͵شһڣС¥첻ͣʮӰƴСԺ֮УгһģȻһ˲֣ϵѪɱ˵ĺ㶼䶢Ĵš
˾ͽ建ڣͥŲһ㣬˿һɸַС
ߴΪŭȵߺˣ֪ǵʲô𣿡
˾ͽɨڳˣһֵĹ˼ҿһԺװЩˡϢĹ࣬ѪɷġǱ伣Ϊ֪·Ȼҵû
Ѫɷ֮һڳʮȫ۾һ̲סһ
Ҫ֪ΪһɱҪһ㣬书жߣص㹻ãЩѪɷľ֣ǰѾ֯ĺģǱ伣ŵĺܣУ˵ؾ޿ܻᱻʶơ
ȻֱѰţҪҡѪɷ鷳й¶ϰԵز˲ȫС
㵽˭߶ʱΪ衣
֪ǵݣģȻвױ졣
ʱС¥֮ͻȻһЦ֮ϹɽǱذ꣬²֪񽭺ϲаСѾʤö˰ɣҸԪʲôôĵӣ
䣬¥֮ڱһ·ġԪɢˡԪգԴӷǸܾ׸һֱûڳڣԴݡ˹ͨǸھصѪɷɳ֮󣬱һӻĸԪձ񣬿ӥʰٴλҵĲо֡
Ȼ˷ŵ˲䣬Ȼһ䣬ŷ֮УԪյһ̧ȥԶԺУʮֽΧŵĺˣ纮˪ضԼ

ԪɢˡԪڿֵɲǣΪֹ֮
ԪͻȻľڳѪɷɱֶ²ĸо
ͷ߼֣ǡ
㣿˾ͽ徹ȻЦˣܺã
˵ܺá˵вһ޴ʡ
ôãʲô
ڸԪյУЦ˾ͽ徹ȻЦˣǸ΢Ц˱˴ǣ΢Ц
Ԫնʱͬʱһˣ£Ҫɱҡ
ڳѪɷĶɱֶһɲǾˡ
ͬһʱ̡
ϣ
֣
ؼȻһƬ
޾׵һ֮£λ˫۵ɵüʲô˺ʲôĵʹ˾޾׵һУ
˾ͽ
ʱ˾ͽľѾ֣һϰεʽĹâ
衪
âնʮͷͬʱÿ϶ǲŵı飡
塭
ͷأ³һ֣ϱ鶨˾֮У
С¥ɲǵĹâ֮ˢˢرʳ룬˳ŵâһ໬䡣
˾ͽ¶֮ɫһ˦ǿϰ¥ֱƷ˳ȥ°صз䶼¶쳡

Ԫձ˵زҽţ˾ͽ建߽ãԭƴӴܵĸԪղҺڵУϣ˳ķһ·Ѫӿӿ
УһڵءѪƺ̷ܾˣһ̵ζŲͣеĸԪա
徰뱻׷Ѫɷͽ벻Ȼᱻ˾ͽȡ
˾ͽɨһۣŸԪա
ԪͷɢѪۣȻǾ֣һ̾ǱŷϹֻſЩ뿪˵أȻѪûֹ
˾ͽüͷһ壬̤һ˳ŵ洫Ԫ£һƷ˹δζѾѨӿѪҺʱֹס
ҪҪɱңҪɱңԪպˮѪˮһĿδйĿ־壬ƴذš
˾ͽȻɡ
Ԫ۾һץסݣҿԸǸļƻܣеһС֪ģȫ㣡
˾ͽԥһ£ŵ˵˵
Ԫնʱ¶һӳı顣

һʱһӱ㽫ȥѽںϵ˻
ֱ۲ŵĲΪٴαѣѪδδһأȫûʱȥ˿ڣͷ󺹵ؿڵġ𼬲Ѯ綾ȵֶϴŭĿԲ͵һȣۡ
ѪͬȪӿ˲佫ǽȾһŵʺɫ
ڶʱʪȵѪֻζлһ㡣
æֹѪ߬סֶϱۣԱߺȣ˯СĲ԰¶һ˿οЦ⡣
벻ϱ۾Ȼ˺ôصٶһӡǺǣѪȴʧЩˣЩԪ
ԻҶµĴѵҩǲѪĶܲ˵ץһѣʼ˹Ϣ
˳ֵʱвʣ

˳ֵʱѡΪҶֵ֮ʣȥδֳֹľƶܵӰ죬ʱֱ֣ɱ
ãȴδɱ
Ҷһ͵ͬˮ״Ƥ棬ǽղ塿ת˴ɾ磬ȻֻƤ污һ㣬ϵĻѾлļӲǿȣѽȻͬʱϥǺСֻǡһ죬ûƿҶķ谭һ¶ûа쵽

ƿ󶴵ݶ֮һƬڣ˳ƶȥ⣬ȴ¶Οߴľı飬û뵽ֻǼղҶľ羹ȻͻƣġѾ޷Ʒĵزɲָ֮ӿ־ͷһʱ侹Ȼԭء
ҶˣüĿһɭȻ֪ߣ׹ٶȱԭʮ˫ϥ𣬳Οߵؿڱѹȥ
ȥɣ
ΟֳҵɫۼѾòֻͷ˫ǰ죬סǰأ
꣡
Ҷ˫ϥѹ£Ο˫۶ʱۣҪΟߵعǣλħѾһƬ֮ɫ
ڴʱĽУһźӰͻȻ˳ͬ˶ɵ۾ٿȻܹɾ룬סΟתһߣ䲻ݷرܿҶɱһ
Ҷŭ߳һʳָǰٶġոһԷ֮Ҳͬһָ˲Ҷġ񽣡㵽һ
ˣ
һӨףһǿĽСĿռۣģ࣡һ죬ͬʱΡ


098 
ѵͬһ㼤䣬ԷɫĽ꣬ͣ䣬϶ʱϺһƬ¶ľ綾ԡ
ҶһǣֵľȴһΣϺɫʱʴľҶָһɨմȾ˶ĹľСȥһ㣬ǿûиʴ͸ľ
Ҷ棬ֳΟЩˤ
£
ԣ
Է־޴ĺɫۣñ׶أȻƶ޵⣬ԷϾһźɫҶ˫Ҳ
ԷǸˣμϤİҶȷԼǵһԷ߸Լĸоȴ쳣Ϥ
˻
ҶʱͻȻʳָһʹ̲סһ̧һָѾϺڣŷ𱻾綾ҧһһ㡣
ö
Ҷæת̫Ԫ񹦡ӫҫָ⻺γϺɫѪҺڵͬһ˻˻ð̡
綾⡭ҶȻһЦػ˻±ָ£ĵȴ̲סɱӯȻԼⶫпһ˿Σյĺܡ
Ҷʣ˭
Էǰһվ֮£̧ͷñкɫȴ¶һϤòϤס
Ҷμ桭Էϸ۾𵭵Ц⡣
ޣԭ㡭
Ҷڿ壬ԷϤòϤףͦνýΣȻǸոձԼеΟߡ
һ񶾵ߣ
ֻǳȻòϤϵϢҶһİĸо
ģƲϲһĶߡ
ҶһЦȻΟߣ
Οժñ¶аӣͬǣϣһϺɫķߡ
ôҵɱһ֮࣬佻ֵĴܶడϧǣ֮䣬ûһĽ
ţԶûЩԼܺĲš
ôҶſɻ֣ܶ
ùĶÿԴôҾ⣬ʱ̡ҶŹľȻ
Ο߻˻δźɫ׵ָɭһβСԴһɽׯĽ֮ұչ񹦣񹦴ɣˣֲϡеʱ䡭
һ䣬Ο͵س֣һƸԱһֱļΟͷ
ǼΟһֱɸΟһ֣ʱŵƵƵġ
㣿²ã
£ȻһϺɫϢֶ£һ˫۵ʱףϺɫϢڣѪܱ쳣ִͬϺɫҪȥ¶飬侹Ȼ๾ֳ֮һƬͿֲա
Ҷ˫Ŀɵü󣬿ͬѪѪҺһ㣬ֻǼ֮䣬һ߻ڣɢž綾ĸʬ̧ͷһܵΟߣö񶾵ġħͲͻ㱬𣿡
Ο˷ܵǣΪʳ˹ĿУˮ»õӣͫ׷ŴΟߣҶɭȻڡħĸã㵹ǲõġ˵ҲһҡħĹܸҲ޷Ҫ֪Ο߿ҳΪħĵһˣĳͻ⣬ѽ㿿ʲôڹ֮ͬһǽɢ֫ٺȻۣ⣬׳Լ
ҶĿԷ˵ļַй˼ڤ񹦡ǿλڡѨġڤ¯ԽκʽתΪڤһֱ⡣
ڡǴ󷨡ڹ֮Ҳ롾ڤ񹦡Ƶķ
ȻΟ˵ļַ˿̵ȫͬҶֻһ룬ͨ˴š
أҶüëһþޱ߸ʴԵľ綾ȫʴֽ𣿡
Οһ㶣žһƣ޵ˣҶȻѧʦôѵѧⶼɷ֣ҿǳְ취ɲ˺üΡٺ٣ղȷž綾Դﵽҵ뷨ҷ꣬ꡭӣһһڲ㶯֣𼱡
ΟɭһЦڰ֮УĴħǺܿŶ

Цʧںڰ֮УҶüͷøˡ
飡
ǰǽͬʱײ󶴣ǰα޳չӥ
ӥԭˣ֮ʱһ֣ʱԷλͬʱɱڵسֶöںͬʱһ߰
ҶչһǶͬʱһ໥űˣ
˿Źľոճݣ¡һ죬źͬʱըʱػ죬޴ıըֻСķ֮ڣ˲佫ʮ౶ѵĻ澹ȻһճУֻǱѣһֱڵĸо
ֻһ˲䣬ڱڻȫʧΡ
һŭνڵα޳ɳ˲Զݡ
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׼㣬ѵİˣ˼Ҳ˲ᡣ
չµؿƽأסⲻŶֹİʲôʱŪôΣյ
ӥҲһ񺮣·˵ǵ޼ǰ͸ʦҲʮˡ
ǰ׾ƼҶذչɫΣ̲סʵ
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֮䣬ҶͻȻһתͷʱľһƿȭͷĿ֮ǰΟĺ£ѾʼͣµˮȻ˲٣
Ҷæ򿪹ľ÷ѩ԰ɫޣϡ̫Ǿڻ̩룬ϱһ㣬˵ڵġ𼬲Ѯ綾ؿڴ˿ڣҲѪĺۼ
ӥǰһ̽üҶӣѾӡסɢѪٽδûʱˣ취ⶾ
ӥ˵ҶҲѾ˵Ҽľ綾ȷҪ񻰾ĸֲ벽ǿΪ֮÷ѩڵġ𼬲ѮŨȲߣֻҪδ裬㻹оȡ
չôȣǰҪԭ÷ѩһʱ䣬ÿǰָнȣʱô죿ȥһ벽񻰵ĸ֣
ûϵа취ҶֽȻᶨ
ӥһҶӣòùѪ֮ѩڵľ綾תɣ
Ѫ֮ʲôѪ֮չвзʡ
ѾҶûнͣǹִؿӥ
ӥŭֱöѪûܾȵ㣡
Ҷһճյؿ÷ѩľգΡ


099 ٴɱ
ԴȥתѾȥʱ
ɫƳϡ
绨һ¥ϣԸһ飬ԵһʱȥԮ
ȻΣھ޴Ľ֮£ܺХ紵ɮۺ죬绨Ŀɮۣ⣬顭⵽ڣһƬ
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Ҷȴ˵绨Ҳĳɲ˴еĸɮȴδزܳΪһĸɮ
绨ʦ˵޷һ͵سɷ𣬱һƣڷãһĵԡ
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Ѿʱˣ绨ľ綼ٽһ龵죬ѾƾԼܹﵽѧޣҪһľ޶򣬽ʹͣͲǰ
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ݱֹˮ˫ֵĽսħƣڿƵغֺÿһγ֣ѽӥޱȵĻǹţ֮Ľÿһν֮󣬾ݱüͷһ壬ǽкˮ¡
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100 ޵
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ӥż⳩ȻչôҲ벻еġ塱־ءҲչѭġɡ


101 綾
÷ѩһζѪȫҶ֮ҶѾȫΣԿ֫ҧضϿ˫ϵȴٴ³һѪ̱ڵأϳ鴤
Ҷӣչ͵˹ȥסҶ˫ѱˮʡ
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102 ֮
չ۷κˣȻһצƿնȥٶ֮쳬ܲΨֵ죬絶ʯ鱻ƿ϶¶ݺڸɵϸǱӥһצƤϸϸѪӡ
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ȳǰʱһһڣȵáһ㲨ƣڶָ֡áȽһ󲻶඼ӡáһ𣬲൴㲨ƣн𣬾ػĴҲ¶̵ı飬ȻܵӰ졭
һ֣ݷԪɽӿһʯשʱ飬ǿɢ㳡괹޷ۣԶ޶˼ˮ߳ߣȻ˶ʱʧŷ绨ġʨӺɢ˿һ㡣
绨нԡ׽ʹšʨӺ𡿣ȷһɢˡΪĻ࣬ͬһʱ̣Ĺ칦Ҳɣһ죬ħȳŰޣһײ绨Ȳµıɱ˱ܵࡣ
绨棬ħȵ״˫צ̲ס˵˾䣺Ӳצӣ
ɫ԰סľ޴İ޵һԣ˫צȼɫ棬ŭкùٿץĳӣɱ
˻ָ繳ץ绨ͷ
绨һЦãȭŹ򣡡˵һ٣ų߾ŵľֱӲ˳߰ˣֻһͷ档
˻˫צһչΪۣһʱצӰ绨ÿһָצ˺ʯ绨Ȼ壬ֱʩչʮġץԵС
ħȵġ֡ЩӥצץȡΪҪֶΣͬڡӥצַ֡ħȵצԽض塢ץȡΪѧײ򱶡
ۼ绨ͬץӦУħЦһֱץԷƣ׼צ֮ץ绨˫֡


103 ҹɱ
绨һ˵ĸоǼ򵥴ֱˣѧҲˣΪֱ۵ӡȴ˺ѧ֣Ҳ似зоһ档
ʱ绨һצӲӲȴڼӴ˲䣬תֻһšԭѰָʱһâɢָȻγһʢķ𻨣յצ̺ħһץ֮»ָ们ȴĺ;γһ㣬͵иȥ
һצɿգָ£һ๰㳯绨羱ͬʱתãٿһϮѱȥһأڿл׹䡣һĻ绨һƷ˫ٿȻ֣һ죬ʮ롣
֮޴绨оԡץᾢȥһ½ǣ֮֮࣬ͷ
绨ѵ֮ģɫ书
˷Ϊ˶һ㶣벻ſڿˣɱ绨оȻƽһ棬˷ŷһʶһ㡣
Ŀ壬ŭô֮䲻Ÿոս֣ôֵ
˽һУΣմֻͬʱӣһȻЦһŭĿԲ˻֮䣬Ϊ绨ǸĵõɮֻǸƲסƢĽ󱲡
֮£֮䲻书˵̬֮ϣȻ绨ʤһ
ָоİ;졣
ХһѸǰ˳ǰ֮ʱӺһתȻû桢ȫڵķŭ״ͬʱתҲһͬתͬһ绨У
绨еһ߽˵似򷨣
ڶ̶̲ʮ֮УԷѾ֪תȦٶȼ۽
绨вߡ޺ȶ񹦡Ļ񹦣Ҷڵġ׽ϴ辭ȷŵһڹķԷ죬ȻҲ־֮ģһţֽżֻһɲǣѾȥ־ѧԼȭָתеġϣȴȫ˿
۽
ֻûֱǰһľ쳣צʱ绨ЧצѾץ绨еϣӲҪ俪ƶǣҪץʬΡ
绨һҫһ޺
ħֻһɲǼ䣬ץ绨ʮצ
ʮצȫУһצա
ϣϡ
ϸܡ̶Ħֳڶ˽Ӵλ⽦Ļ𻨣ǽʢŵ̻һ㡣
ʮצת˲ȥٿȻһ˿
Ȼ绨У˫ⲿӳצѾͬһĥû죬צԵòͣ
˫һӴ˲䣬绨ġ޺ȶ񹦡ٴηӾ˷ħ˫иְ˺ֽצ绨սĹУӲʯ໥ĥֻ绨²ʹؼѪۣת˲ֹͣѪԼȴǱ˫צԣһָ
ڸոյ¥֮ϣõľͻƣġ޺ȶ񹦡Ҳͻ˵ʮһ㾳磬Խʦʦﵽˡղơ߾磬ʮ㡰䲻ɱļֻһ֮ң
Ī绨ȴڴʱЦˣŨĿûһ˿Ц⡣
һЦҲûС
֮䵥ԵĽ֣С
绨ָؿ˺۸צ桭ֵ˰ɣ
һ䣬绨кХֳצ͵һǣһֻ޴Ľɫצγɣָ׵ž죬ҫϢͷ
۾ٿȻһ֮̾ͬʱϴ绨ŭ֡ץˣ
飡
˫ٿȻһֵɾڣʯשȫ÷𣬲ͬʱ绨צ֮»Ϊ촷ۡ

չҶӥǰ·˿нֱȥ
һ·ϣҶԣĺȹ̣Ҳӯ̣ڡ̫Ԫ񹦡ΪصֶתֿصϮ
չһηѸǰͬʱ̲סʵ磬Ҷô
ӥ࣬ϼ飬ͬʱ͵ġ̫Ԫ񹦡ת湦ã
չһ㶣ϲҶӿ
ӥ̾Ϣ̫Ԫ񹦡ȻҶеġ𼬲Ѯ綾ѾҪԼĹ룬ݻصɢʱһʱ䣬ǿġ
չͷ֮Ȼȥ˵
ӥҪ𻰣Ȼ̧ͷȥѵȥ·;ôˣ
ԼٶӹʮറᣬǰֳӰסȥ·
չ𶨾һ̲סѡ
ǰŵĸ֣۾ǡìڡʤҪ֮⣬˵ȫǵһĹ龳֣вȱһ۵桢Ϲ硢ڵףҲмλĺܣЩ׵ĽȫͬΪ֮ǰӥɱ¾Ḷ́ϵİǿĺܣһţӦǷǸĸ·ֵ
Ǹѵ־£һڽҹ㳲üء
չٿȻͣ½Ųҹ۲ʽ桰ìڡʤѾںȵСţֻҪǽҶ£뿪ͿԻ
ǷǸħţҶʺǺ޵ȫ˱ɱǺڵ׵аħҶǱ֮졣
ƨչһͬʱҶ˵ӥһХԶţǰӥõͶȥ
˵ؾʮʤ֪ǹ⾪ӥˣɵаޣͬʱҲЦ
ǻ֪ҲΣء
ʱǴڴʱȫһΧ߾׸ӥиֵģ֪ص⵽˾ͽͻϮ׼֮£ʮѵ㱻ϴȫսڷǸģƹ룬ԪɢˡԪն֪٣ʶʱĸ֣ٴεࡣ
ΧȫǵзּȻѾвͨôͻϮһ£ɱҶӦҲǲĽ
ΪҶСʵӰ޴ʼҪɱֻΪ谭Ǹ£ʵǿǱҶȻ
˷֣ȻҶСƢ㲻ʲôʿǼҲһ㣬ȱս˼άֵǣٳ´Ƶ¼ÿһζСϢϢأǸε͢Ƕȡݡ׸ЩӰµӢӽϳ͢һҵĽˮݵǰĺٵȡ׸ӥչ۷ɡЩܹһŽһµֿǸĸԴȫΪҶ


104 
ҶˣɲӢۣҲɴȴƾԼۼһȺԷǸħŵľӢʿΪŦεһγɿ㸲µ
ħźͷǸ˵ҶѾ˲òɱĵز
Ȼ·ԷǸѾ󣬵ɱҶɻЩ˵޴ĳһ˵ɱҶѾӥ
һΣò׷ҶʧȥսȻʱδԵԭ򣬵ֻҪס㻹ӥչڲ࣬ȫڼʱڽʬΣǽǸʧȥսҶʸ顣
ʤһЦϺһɱһչ彫չ˹ȥ
·ʤ
Ҷ綾ģչ˷ضᣬѾȫû˱ܵĿռʱ䣬ֻӲͷƤǰӦսǼϣλܹ˵صΣգֳԮ
ʤնСʤìǶһǹŻΪǧǧĽɫ㣬سչ䡣
һʱգʤųԱһǻŭ޴йչȵһߣһֱɱУڼʱڽС
չüĿأԼġצ飬ʤìȽУֻܸס˫֣Ľɫ˿߲ҪԶϱ㿪ʼֵϮ
ΪжҰܵĲʤʱ˿֮ģչǿĹֶΣȫעڽì֮ϣ꣬Сʤìͬˮһһ˼ǣϸУչ߸ɨһԣǿľҲͬλȴ޴󰭣ìȴչһʱæңֻṦСΧܣǲԸÿ·乥ӥҶ
ʤнìոշչˣԷ˺ٽƤҩһסʤͬʱʩչóСΧսġӥצ֡ìԶսĲʤһʱռϷ硣
ڲʤŭ֮ʱ۽ĳһ֮
δ䣬Ѿѹȶڰֱ˶˺ս֮ء
ʤһһìչ֮ì߾٣ʱסµ棬ͬʱһ˦
ٶȵʱ࣬߸ԽҪչֱӥҶ
һЦɭȻСҲҶСӻĹͷ
硭
չ𾪺ӥϽܣ
ʵչѣͷӥˣ˷͵ش˳ȥֻտʮɾ룬ͷٿȻվһźɱֳ֣ǿ󣬳ӥһ䡣
ӥ̲סһҶǿṦ䲻ݷرܿмʸһȴʧٶƣЦǰ߶ϱϽһҫâĺƿռٶյعӥ塣
ӥеһ񣬽һǵķ裬ٿȻߣܿԷյһͬʱ˫㣬һŷԷȭһŵԷʺͬ׺쳣
Сƣ
һȣȭ͵ٶȺȻСˡһ죬Ȼӥһ֮ϡ
ǿĹٿȻʱӥɳȥɾ룬ԲԷʺһȻҲ޹
ӥһ书Ȼǿжţȴû뵽ҶֵǱɣԭ书֮ʵڳ
غԭԳûӶݵĻᣬȴΪԶ˰ģһֵļϮ֮ӭ䣬ЦйҲǿ籩䡣
ӥҶжޣıʧȥٶƣһʱֻӲʮȭյδӥڱһȭҼ磬ۡһѪ˱ɳȥʮɾ룬Ȼҽһסݶ֮ڣһƬ֮ӥں󱳵ҶҲʧȥƣ˦ڿвͣǧϻҲѿһԷ֮ϡ
˷ĪЦҶ͵ػӳֱӹҶҲùǣһ־
ߣչ𾪺һĿѣ²ʤɱȴʤЦһһì˴ȣ̶˦˿ȥ
չǡӥչ۷֮ӣҪ̶ȾԲڱ²Ԫ˶չܻ׽Ҳÿ֮ΪʵԪ˶ǸٴȨ
Ҷ
ʤߺһɭȻҹζ֣࣬ұ
氽ŭ𣬡Ҷܿգ㸣ɣ
ȫȭٿȻγһ˶ͷͷɣ˻ǧǰ񡱰Ϊ֮µġȭҶؿ͵ȥ

չУӥһĻ˫ۣ
飡
ģҶȫһȭʱʩչղ塿͡񹦣Ҳ޷ȫ⾪캧صһȭҶ屻áˡһȫеľ죬ҶۡһѪͷ
һҶ
ף
ô
ʹ֮ҪҲùǣбؿڴ
Ѩ
һǡȭҶؿѨϣһͷ֮غ˻ڤ¯Уڤ񹦡ȻѨʱҵҶϢһǣӾʹѹ
ȫȣҶسһȺ
ҿ
ͺñͻȻһʳӲθȻ񫣬ҲȷҶԵɵ˹ӭ㿴һųǰŭ߬ȭͷڶȭ
ף桭״Ҷ͵ؾѡ
ЦһҶҲн죬ѹãүүȫͷ
飡
һȭٴκҶѨϣ
ۡ
ҶٴαǵԼⲻۻһѪǵɫһ죬ԭ𼬲Ѯ綾Űļ壬Ȼָ״̬Ȼ޷綾ʱȴ˷֮
㡭ôһҲ˲ԾôҶСԽԽ
ԶʮĲʤĿɿڴҲԳԲȭ֮£ҶȻûȫѶϢٿȻǿһ޷򶨣˹ͬʱ⣬˻ɱֵȴʱ
߳
ڴӾ֪Ҷʲô书ȻܹӲصסԼɱȭԴҲԻˣ
˼ȫȭֱҶŶ

һεһ죬ȴǻ涷ȭͷҶһץΣͬʱȻҲԷֱץס֮£֣Ҷƿԭ˵Ҳùǣ¶ԷŭŤס
Ĵôˬڸֵ˰ɣգ
顪
Ҷһͷʵʵغһ־ɫϡ


105 Χɱ
ҶͻȻ˶Ǵ͵ȫȻ˰֮ܵ飬˲һֻƿЦ֮Уʵ־ЦҶĪı֣˱֪룡
ѵСǴĲɣ
ʱҶ˫˫֣ڤ񹦡תԷӵҶڣΪ綾ĵľ˲䲹д࣬Ի̱¶־棬Ҷ˵ȥһͷ鳣
ž
ǱѣӶԴ
һǲǣǡ
žžž
µײ˱õĽ̳ӣȫû˱ӵĸݿֲ쳣
ֻգ۹ǿͱɰ˳Ҷʢһ߬ȭͷͬʱȵ㣡
ݡ
Զǧϻ⣬˲䶴壬浹һ˫ŭ¶ʹ಻ı顣
ɱ
ʤɱҺ߳汻Ҷֱ˦˳ȥӭʤҶ߬ȭͷٿȻһţͬʱһȣƣ
еҽһۡ
ڵӽγס֫ٺȻ䣬ͬʬһ㣬屻飬Ѫ꽦䣬ʬӽǣѶޱȵسʤ

ĲλܴһƬ񺮣Լӵѹ֣ķͥô̵ʱ֮죬ȻΪǲþνֵĲʤıĵ׾ȻҶ޷սʤĴ֮С
СʤìЩҵص߲ʬͬʱӽķɣǰ˲ϢƣһʱתӶݵ뷨
ֻҶûʤѶޱȵس˵չڵзδܷ֮ǰ˳ֱ˦ǿӥͬʱȵ·𣿡
ܡ
û⣡
֮ʣ˵չӥֻܻ֣ǿҶɱΧ
ãֵɱȥ
ҶٻǧϻǺһʣ翽⣬ԼڿնͷĲʤ
Ҷ˻ʮ֮⣬ĽѾͨڴˣǼĿԽˣʤɥԾغһ
ǡڴʱһ𣺡㣡
Ҷ̧ͷȥһ׷ԲԡŸ߹ڵϵʿȷѼѸףʵѴﵽ龳ھ磬治£ȴдϡ
ҶȻδˣɤȴΪ죬һʱ벻Ӻ
ĪϷҲˣڵϹҵġ̡Ϲ
ڴˣСֳͷȣͬһɱ
๦ĸ֣һߣ˷˹ҪҶΧ
һڶʤʱһǣԭܵ˼һСʤìЯ֣ɱǿͽ
ȺۺХҶȴϵʿлȻ
ԭˣ˵ʦ壬ͶǸ׿֮ȡ֮ϼëһֱڷǸķ£ŵķͻȻִ˵أҲ֪ڵǱǸסˣǱ˶ء
Ȼǣһʱ㽫ϵʿΪȻɱĿ꣬Σɱһ޺
뵽˴Ҷۣٶȸȥ磬˲佫ʤ׷ȫ˽ȥ
ˡϹ磬׷׵壬ɱҶȻΣҶһ۸ĺЦо
սҶ翽ҿĻ
ʤηҶϹͶҲ֪СӲǣȻٶڶֵʱҲΪҶҪĶ󣬾㶼һ֣ʶҶ̵ˡ
˻ǳҶ벻˳뻯ĵز߲ʽ絴ʱȫĹ֮УǵŽʵ޼᲻ݵĽü˶ڣȴȫûȺɴڸԶս֮С
һȣı߲ʺĴ
ϹкҶսľ飬Ǹҳɣ˫ȭ׾ʵɣңңһȥХ
ͷȺͲʤʤì๥ȥ
׵Ҷ֣ӭ翽нâγɵɫ⣬ŴеóǧؽӰ˲Ǽ䵲ҶʮȫԿԿ죬ûһ˿ȡɡ
ͬʱȫչŽƶŵġ⽣ת¶Ҷȡ˵λĳǿʵ
ŵġ⽣תΪ׻Ϊһеƽ⽣ãͬʱתмã롾̫мƣȷذµ񹦣ʱĲ翽һʱĪΣοҶҪӦֵĽ
飡
ҶͬʱϹȭ˵һǸȭ
翽ʢչѸҪӥչٺһֲֳָ׳ͬʱ˽֮С
ͬһʱ䣬Ҷʧ
ʹս߾֮Ĺظо
֮䣬͵غⱬѣ޴Űռ䣬ǿĳȻȫ˳ȥ
չӥҶĬҶŵзǿĲʤˣսȦѸȥ׼ƹȺۣ۷
˸Ծ棬δأȮֲ֡ǡֳ˫ͷߡպ趯˫ìղɽܡʷӵĴ󸫣ǰֱչӥҪ⼸˶Ǹ֣Ȼ޼䣬̶ȫȡɴӣӲȥ
ͬһ̣ӰٴδӺ󷽳𣬹չӥĺ󱳣ȴòʦѣλͬɳէһλǡŮ沿ġǹն
˾㶼ּĸ֣Ѹ롰ԡκ޾սѷѽ⣬¶ۺʵ
ɳĶű˾ִƵ˫ǣʮ䣬뷢죬һһ𣬶ҲȻǴ·һǴȼ棬Хתͬһ㡣
էšǡʹһϴСĶͷӡ
ͬĴ֡ǡӡ˫ͷߡպɽܡʷӣԼǹնͬҲڱɼѧʦʸȻӵҲиԲ档
һЩͬԴͬʱ֣ȻǸΪ£Ǹ˼Ϊ߰Ĵۡ
߸˷ֶ˽һ־ͷн֮·
ڴʱոһɲʤĴֵҶնֱӳڶ˱ΧǿлҪʱ̣Ҷݲȣ˫ֵչӥ͵һƣ
ߣ
ͺУҶһѽ˸Ʒ˳ȥ


106 Ⱥ
չӥ˱ΧҪƴУȴҶһɳ쳣͸壬ǧٺӰӿ뾭γǿҵϳ֮˴ض𣬶˸˱ǿṦХһٶȿı˲ڶʮ⣬Ⱥͷӷɶȥ
ͬһʱ̣ҶŽѷɽ¡߽󡿣İѽãѺ󷽰ѵӲȿǰƣӽۻǰӣӲӲӵͰպ˫ìײһһ죬ӺͰպ뱻ˣҶзɳһţǽżһ㣬˰ʷӵĴ󸫣ӰεĵڶֱưʷӵĿţ־Ӱȡ磬ŵðʷֵ񣬵Ȼһ߳ȥʮԶʱѪˣ⻹طʱҪһž߲Ҳ
Ҷһ֣ʱڳ֣ͬʱ棬ӺͰպߣʷˣܵİΧʱ¶һȺĹҶչΧ֣ƬΡ
ҶȸһԽ˵ķ䵽һôϣһ㣬һԲ׷չӥķȥ
ˣ
ʤʱЩܻغ
Ⱥ֣ôʮ㣬һƴĻʵһȺ˵
ȺۻӦһ׷Ҷȥ
ӥչ裬˶Ŀ궨Ҷϡ
ϾǷǸ׿յĶ֣ɱҶӦĺôʵÿĶ
һߣҶ̤ݶһֵϱһֳֹͷ󵶵ͺͷ󺺣һݡ׵ڴˣҶڰգͷ󵶣Ҷͷն䣬ʯ𣬾ɽƥҲǹ龳徳ĸ֡
⡰׵Ǳʮ˿ܻ书ǰһ౱Ůһ벻Ҳ˷Ǹ˵ͷѪһ
׼Ҷδȣ޷ʹȫʶһʹıƬ·ɣһ㹥Ҷ
Ҷȴ΢΢һЦС๦˳Ŀַ˫ֻһʱˣٿȻһһ׵һõɳȥ
ͬһʱ̣һһŮλ꽣ͷݶȴǱڤҵġ̫ڤ̫͡ڤ࣬˶һĸ̥ͬãڤº̫͡ڤأϵĬ̶Ҫ֪ٱ˫һž޴ҪҶ·ӡ
׵Ҳȷףڿֻһжȥ˵ϵľΪ˫յƷҶͷͷٴ䣬ֱȡ󱳣ҶܵУԼˡ
Ҷһż⸦һأһתһתݡ貨΢ʩչֻǰһʱʧȥҶټ
Сӡ
׵һΪҶСս̲סڱȴֻ˵˰䣬ͱҶһǡ񽣡ϣҪǸյõֵһ½ֻһ¾ԴƳ
׵ҲҺһȥͬʱڤͱڤҲԵһֱ۷飬æˡ
Ҷٴ˦Χµʱǰչӥվ֮С
˱ҶƳȥʮɣҶ֪ﲻæ׼ȫ̵ʱһ·ϣС
ҶжϳȫӦֻδҶԼһغᶨģ಻һ̾ȥֻһλĽСȡɫĻŮ˵һһĨâ
δ쵶չһ֮ԵҮıͽܡ㵶
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˫ֻǽУչָֻһ󣬱ɿס˶ԷĵӥצһӣֱԷš

ʱŵñĿС
飡һʮ⴫ʦֺ׿۶
ӥչͬʱЦһΪѨֱӷ˶ԷѨһӿ׹ȥ
׿ܹǽý˸ţȴͷ󺹣һΰСѾͷûʦְţóȻ֣ȴЩ
ոս⿪ѨСѾͷȴѾۡһ˳ְܸӥ
׿һˣ̧ͷʱչѾɳȥʮԶ
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׿Цһܻڡ
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һ״̬·һľأӸ߿еȻظŵԼһеı仯۵ףǵһֻһĻ޷
ڶνĩʶľ磬ûķҶȴƾԼԣȻȻˡʶܶĦڭǾ統Ȿ飬Ǿžʶ֮ڴʦԶݳһķš
ֱǰл
Ҷ˫۽գȴָ붼룬翽ӳͬʱҽųǰȥ
һ졣
ͻȻܳһСͷһÿ½˷٣ͷɢһѸȴһٴ֮¡
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߽һƣҶշһݶ
ʤͶ硢Ϲں߼׷Ҷı֣ǵɴ۾¶ʵı顣
ƴˣɱҶȥ޷׿ʤͺһȫҶӭȥ


107 
ߵҶչӥԶȫɱʱʮһ¥ϣӰ¥һڿУһڱαɫȻؿԶļ
ȿȿȡ
֮Ʋסһҿԣաۡ³һںɫѪҺͬɫԭͣճȳ
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δθ£Ϯݣͬķ첡ߣݣңʱнеģ
һϮ۵ġħ塱Զ¶Уһ˿ʹ֮ɫ۵ף˸ϵ̺ӣǻȥɡ
˰ֽ֣סǣֹٴαĿԣ޷нľ֮ˣ֮ǰѰɡ
ħ塱̾˿λѵħŵӣǽһ壬Ļ׷󳬳书࣬ϧȴʱʴ壬ԭԤƻʮ꣬䡰ѪӲǽľ֢֮á
ѪҲǾ綾֮̫ãѾ˾޴˺
뵽˴Զɵٿһ۵ȳѪԵˣѪʱͣðɣֻ̫»ɲصӰ졣ͬ⣬¿԰ܼλóڹޣÿΪʹ࡭
΢΢һЦʹ಻ɵһʱȴӳ˵ġЩ˵ķǲҪˣҲҪΪȥٳʲôޣҲ֮ǰٱϳص
ħ塱һ㶣Цǲʥˡ
ÿ˫۵ʱ򣬶ΪԼܻŶңЩȨǮôǿ𣿡ǵһ˿εЦݣǰеǳЦ־硭ҵıӦÿ˵Ľ֣缸꣬꣬ΣĪԼ֡
ԶɫĿȴ˳ĹעҶϡ
ǸС˵а취κáΪûȡҶ־Լһأ궼ûκжֻĬĬȴ
زסʣԶʵδҶ˰ɣ
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뼰ɽżȴΪļ䡣
Ѱ˵·ֵü鲻ʤö٣С¿ܲᱻϣʱ޴ѹÿһնżΪ̵Ȱ͸жÿһ춼Լһš
˶ʮ꣬Զ֮ҲѿֻԼÿһ
ҶǳУҲ֪
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չӥѾԶԶӶݿֻҶΪǶ˵ͬʱǸȺ۽Ϊռ׷ɱĿ꣬ѹʱ
ʱʮҶٴν̤ʱӭˣҸһˣһ֣ٴڿ񹥶ҶֻǴҴһۣϳ˵Ķ˾ǡɡۺ͡档
һֳȡɽͷߣһͷϷ߱Ŀֳֶͭ˵󺺡
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Ҷɡ۵ˣȴǹһЦѺþòββ˰ɣ
ҶеԼ޾Ǳͬʱ벻֮ǰׯ˵ġɡۣȻôٴγ֣ħŹҲͷ۲ѡ
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Ҷָס۵ĹֽЦǾͿûˣ˱
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һϷͭҶ󱳣ХܴѷΣͬʱ¡ͭ𡯲ľС˵ĪҪĳ
ҶһЦԭħŶضϹһγɽֻҪŻȥѣ˵䣬Ҷʩչ貨΢䲻ݷرܿ˹ðӭҲۣ翽磬¾ŽʹпյһУ絶ڶԷӰ֮ϡ
ȿ̬ݣ紩һ׼ĵзܣƫʹս޲ܵǿĪƥĶ־δ̬ݵƵӺ۷
ıۣȻʱĴħŸΧҶƫƫԷĸоζѲǵһγÿζ޷ֿɶĸܣȫΧΪξͲҶֿһעأۼֱҪ޳ĸо
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ҶɱһŤңɶŲľĶͭˣ翽糸һöԷšһ塿ͬʱ̳ɱòľ֧穣޻֮
ϹҶӽӭȻǡ档
ľֱ飬˻˿ȥ˹庮Ⱥĵ۷ʩΪ
񼫶˷״̬Ҷʽۡɢ飬пգ磬һֲ֪ɺδ֮УʹĵȸԾ裬һٱ䣬ˮŲܵ㣬˵з콣ƵĿ϶ȥһš
õĽ죬ɢǻǵùУгѾԮΣһֳʣ翽ıɱһ
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翽ӿһȦâȫͬʱǧϻһӽٴηɳ̶ʺǰء
۵Ƚ庮ȵĴȣۿɻжԷֻǻĲɫ֮ϣ뱻ˣʱӽ㶼Ǿһ¿һ˲˵ݶ档


108 ӳ
ʱѵʤȷǸ֣ϣۼԶҶ翽һӣݲȵػ۵ֲ֣һȣ񣬲ɵȻ
˶ǶһԸһҶˣһСӵĹĿ꣬ڳκ˶ҿ϶Լܹȫˡ
֮УìڡʤӲͷƤһХʤìҶ
˶ԲΨԣһεΧƻΪһҶӳ죬ڶĸǰȫ̧ͷ׿Ҳľ׿ȫûмҹʱΪĸʲô¡
ͬһʱֵ̣УͬһݲҶѣǾǼҶɳİѡ
ʱҶٶǸͬܣʱĺСӣһԾΪĴ֣ٶȼֱ񼣣ĶֳΪԼһУǲȡὫɱպ»˵جΡ
ʶҪҶľģ±ȲʤҪǿҡ
ǰʤһԽڶԺ󼸸λİѱѾ˼ȫеߵȻȻĵ֮һľ޴Ȼһ죬ͬշĻһ㣬˲䳬Խʤʮɵľ룬ײҶĺġ
ǿĳ˸Ƶ뾪Ϊܵ˵зϮ
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ҶŴϣһĺվȣֱ飬ڤ񹦡Զתȥ֡ɱ˵˼Ҷ
ҶԴһ䣬Ƴ˴ʵûпȥأת˲֮ѾָսֻǿŽӿìӰҶΰ̾һһ˳ӽҪƴӭս
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ͬʱĶϺϿմڴˣ˭ҷһս֮֮㣬һĹļ
ӥʯԶߺӥӥ׽
ԴһתҶۣЦһˣ
ͬʱʤ֪ɱҶѻᣬҪһһˣͬʱ˵İš


109 ƽս
ǿȴɢȥ
׷жأֻӥͷӥҵ֡Ҷʱһչӥתأ绨ŭӥ˷ܵس֣һΧ˹˵ؿʼοʡ
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СҶӺʤ϶ηϷˣԴݶ˱񣡡
ܵÿ죬Ȼһ뾩׸
ҶԵз֮ľ֣һ벽񻰸ֵͻϮȻסӲͻΧɹ漣Ҳ˵ǿ
Ҳǻδ˵޼Ѿɫת˹һѳסҶĲӣŭ㻹֪֪Լʱû
ҶڨЦܲԴаɣҡ
˵֮䣬ҶͻȻӱǿһֵѪ綼ûĿɫ䣬볯˹˹Ļ죬Ҷı̣ǰ˲㵹һ޼ĻУ촽԰׵Ҷ䶯Ƭ̣ȴ˵һ仰һƬڰ֮С
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ʮ֮⣬Դһ¥ݶϣСȻε⣬һߺżһϸϸزԼġҵơŷϬһ㣬ԴĿۣԽʮﳤ֣Ͷڵķ䡣
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ͬһѳʵ񵶣ӹʮ룬ֱԴǰ
ʮ룬ͬʱŶԷ


110 ˫֮ս
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Ǹĸ֣¶ֻı飬ӥĸ֣Ƿŭ֮飬Ա
չһ˹ǰ㲻ȥ
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ѾʮСѾͷһžɫսǵؿŴа©Ŀ˵ġԵ
һûĹֱӹڵأԿԵߵͷԵүүֹɣϳ£Ҹ϶Դ

ʱİԵͷҷ޽Ǵ˪ѩİ׷Ժ˸٣һλͰ׵˼ҡ
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ԴݴǿЦ棬ԵȻӣԴ˵깧һס
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ʱµľˣз̫࣬仹ԴȰ벽񻰸֣սأ¸Ӳ롣
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Դ벻滹ѪжЩԵĶӡ
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ԴɫһҲû뵽˵ôˡ
ĺඣƺռһЩˣֲǺˣҪ༥ԴɱӯšҵơĵԼɱ˵ĳ嶯
ͣҲ䣿ȻҡͷһֺһಫʹʲôƽսһֶΣҲһֶΣǳ֮ΣҲֶΡϣԸǹӵˣǾӣοв˶ɱ˲ѪԼֵġԴݣСˣ⡭
ԴЦô˵µİԵҲԼĵ֣
Ŀ𣬼ȺңŶԷ˵Ҵ£ΪߣҲмҵ»Ҳԡ
ԵȻһۣԴɭȻһЦе
ҪĹǿͲȥˣҪĹǿҲ㲻ҡ
˶٣Ϸ֮㽻֣ҲıõĲûж˵
ȻڣӥˣҶжǶԷֶΣδɵϡ
ԴȻñ⣬øԵԼһܣƸıƻÿײˡ
Ļȴڳͬʱһ󣬱ؽӡ̵ĻС
޼ĬȻ
ȡ
չ졣
ӥ
Դݸû˵
Ƕû뵽˵һ
Ե֮ˣȻ뷨˲ͬ
Դ۾΢УԼҵơĵأ
Ƿˡ
һѣ
õ𣿡΢΢һӣȴԴ΢
Էѵ֮˫ȻͬԴȴڵϣǷһ
ָٴ𲽣ԷȻ
Դͬˡ
һα벻ߡ
Ŀע֪˫ڼɵúΪֹ֮
Դ˵Ļĵˣ仰ʾԴݡ
õȻ
˼
һεľ䣬˵߲Ρ츲صһ
õȻȱΰıӰȺӢ֮ɫƣоǿûܸƵġ
ʤ֮ѱ
УһѵһѻʵİԵ
ǿ߱ƵԴƤֱȻֿ϶ԼܹʤԷþл̣ᷭԼԷ壬һʱǱѹƵĽ
ԴݹЦֺǿţ֪׼֮ڽջܣ
΢ЦáΣ
ԴȻĵŭ𲻿ƵرͽԼȫʢ֮ʱ𣿵ã֮ڣǲȡҵתߣһֱʤˣ

Ⱥը׷Դ˶Էļ
ʤȴûг
ֶԾʤֻɲ֮䣬С㹻ˣ
ЦθԴ֮ˡ
δ䣬ԵΪֱԷʺ
һ֣Ⱥʱۣ㲻Լһ۾
ӳȥһƻȶÿһÿһƶͬһٶ£ٶȾⲻ䣬ʵ죬û˿϶Ѱ
Դ˫ĿʢĿע
ƵֱغΪһ壬ĳ֣ȴطƱ䣬ȶĿռ䶼类пһѷ죬׾⺺ҲܿʽĵһǾأûпʼûսᡣ
ˣѴĪĲΡ
ȡĶһ塢ֵٰжһɲǣٿؼ٣ѲľַԴʺ
ԵƵûκƷ㵶Χսĸ·Ӣȴһͬʱ뷨İԵֵأԴݳӲƴһ;⣬ֻһѡ
湦
ٵɲǣԴԤ֪Էı仯һ㡣
ﬡ
ҵơʡ
ʵĶҲһ
ؽСǰ֣ٷϽ֣ؼɱ֮ս
ҵƻգصȫе洦һƬɲǼ䶼ѳ룬Խͣ޷ݡ


111 ֮Լ
ԴõһֱǰأͬʱֵʺبǰӲ컯Ƶ
һȻ۸һֱۣİԵԾ²һŤһܿԷͬʱƵѰ֣һϺ֮Ĵ䣬ԴݺնȥȫֵȻΣȻ覣ɾס
ڰԵͬʱԴǰһգʱǰ˷ˣ죬ֻѲٶȣѾ˿ͷʹѣƫٶ죬ɱȻбԵ
ϵԴûлͷƾожϵλãѸޱȵرܿϮĵȴ̾Ϊֹ
ã
ʤ˿ȺãԴݹȻ߾ǳ˿Կ⣡
浶ƶ仯ת޷жλ޷հԵһ̵λá
Դüͷ壬쳣α仯ûܻرܿĴָһ׼ȷ쳣ӡԴݵĵ֮ϡ
ָ棬һ쭴ӽƾˡ
˽ĵһ
ˣ
Ϊ֮ɫǿ𣬰ƶٿȻһԲεĴ󶴣¶ƺϴա
һӴӸ߿շɹƶ֮УҽжûһٿȻѪ׷ɣ׹Ѫ𽥱ĥ׹䲻ʮɣѻΪ촷ۣȫʧۼû
ֳ֮ϣԴէַ֡
ͬڵˣ˫ڵһ߶ĿӲֱۣʮ⣬ǿͦסһʱվȣָأͣϢѴ˿ٴαѣѪ˱۵档
Դݣ𣬶ɲǼɣƹʮɿռ䣬ǰ
һ֮Ʊʡ
ʤ˳ЦС
ľƣһյȫǴڶʢʱڵԴݶ֡
֮ԼУʵļޡ
ԴȻЩд󣬲ӣ֮ڣɣ
ʱ˫ʮɣٴ໥
Դһָ˪ɤһ
΢΢Цͷڶ롪
Դüͷһรҳ֣Ͳռȡʤ𣿡
ЦȻáС뷨ԭ˽ҲһϷȳֵģڶȻԴ
ӥһȺӢʱ󲻽⣬ԸǱңȻһֳ̬УΥһ磬Լ㣬ں֣Ȼʧ
龰֮£˵ǷǸĸ֣һԼ˶ڰǷѾвȫѾȡʤԷطѰҶֹе©
ƺΣգ
ȺӢðз̸Ц䳰ȷ
ԴҲд˻ɣ̬Ȼ˼ɲҷɣҵƸ߸߾𣬰ڳ϶εļʽƸ;ףƲۡ
һûзǿǰңָԴݵֻգڱ󣬰Ȼ
ȻƮһ˿ĵЦ⣬ǵĺˮȻÿУȥȫǿиɣվҪӡ
Դ֣ܹڴߴٵ
Դд󶨣һЦáãһȻ鴫Դĳ塣Ըڶ
䣬Դٴʩչƽǽ˷˵Ĺ첽ֱʮɾתۼţǰɾʱԴͻȻԾͷ½ϵϷӰ´죬ֱֱײĻ֮С
Ļ˶ͬ
˵ĻΪ˷Ϊ˽
ǵ
޼᲻ݵĵ
ԴݴҵһĻ֪ΪףǶԷжôʵộһǿҵɱ¾ϮԴݵĸоǿʲô壬ֶһ
ϣ
Դصһδ壬ҵϵĵĵ˰˳ɣͬһʱ̣Ƶֱ
ԴݴһһֵʵסƵһ¼ĿС
⻹㣬ԴݸĿ׹⣬һͷıȥ
˱ɱУҲûıģʱԼڳ¿϶ûа취ȥֵһС
Ϊ˾壬û¡
ֻƵԴͷѨԴֵʲģӲ༲̣˲ġ
ۡ
糵תȥԴ޼᲻ݵĵͬʱܿСһţһֱԷԴ
Դһڣصԭֵ𣬱˫ֳҵƣžһնʱž죬ɫˮ۳ɺ״磬֮䣬һƬâŶԷطȥ
ֺһչһ浶ֱ㳯ŶԷ׵˹ȥ
ԴݸҵƲҪػ裬Ƭ̼䣬ǧֻ׵绯ɵĺڿвֶͣ׷ģֺӭȻһ䣬׵סʵ̫ˣԽԽ࣬Ȼһؽ̧÷
ַĽʽڳĿֱ࣬δš
һĽڴʱȻ֮Уɸά֣ԴǷЦͣЦ
ڶ˾
ۣ
άֵ飬׵ӿֱֳ
Ѿͷ󺹣Ե˵ɱУƵÿһ־˿˵ʤĹߣָ⡢ؽڡġԵƸκҲûķʽӦԴݷ׵ɫһ㣬Ѱϵκη϶չꡢ϶롢ˮкذĽ
˫еԿ죬ûа˿͡ǧɫڰԵĿ쵶֮ȫ𣬹ֶΣռѾκݵĳ̶ȡ
ڳȺҲ̲סۻңǳࡣ

󣬶˻ظԶ֮ƣûж֡
ɫ̲࣬סԣû˵İԵɫ
ԴݰȻδйĳ֮΢Цĳ벻־һ֮⣬Ӳǧǡġ˾ȣ
ɫڣ½ĨĨ´ȻɲʹˣҲ֪ѾܹǿվΪ־ᶨ
Դݽաҵơ˫ĿâԶδ
ѹûпڣȷбȵʹҲǵ˶ѣʣµһԴݸоѾòȫԸˣֻ²Ҫİ벽񻰶֣һֱͨȡ


112 Ī
λ벽񻰵ľֶԾǼ궼ѵһʢ£Ȼ˫ΪУҲֶ֮Σ˸ɽֹһһ֮䣬Ī𺳡
־Ͷ֮صѧĸ书
ֻںֵܲңԹƺȲɡ
˿Ϊᵶ֮⣬
˾ѶԷӨͨ͸ãսʵϣո˵ȡʤϣһЩ
ǲ˵־ΪתƵģԴռϷ磬ʤĹؼѾһֵܷסأ
죬ķ
Դݵһʱͷܲڵסͷ⣬ĿΪ壬ħ
ͷգơ
ԴݻסҵƵĵȺĿҲͬһʱ۵˴˴
Ϊֹ֮
Դݵ۵Ϊ㹻ɱֵĳ̶֮ĿͻȻչһЦ
䣬ʣ
зȥһֱӣԴΪһ
һֻһ족ݣѿĸ¡
ȺУԴݲոհεмŷûκιһ㣬㵽˽һ̡
ɲǣеŷ⾪춯صһ˸ɾ֮ɱĺ˷Χ
ڳиֶһԴǾκηĻᣬʤһ̷ַ
ʮɵľȾֵѾһͷķ϶٣ݲ˵һҵƱѻĳ磬ʮɵգֱӵǰ
ӦһֻӲƴһ;
ԴҪӲӲʱҲѡֻȫ
䣡

紥磬ͣŷճһ𣬻á
ŻѪԴݾȵǣȻǵֵ
ֵסˣطһһԵƽƽһǺɨնԴݵʡ
һϳ
ƫ˶ؿ˵Ԣ׾䲻κα仯ǧ򻯾У֮ûоͷ
˾벽֮ƴ൱ƾС۵֮ԱԴݸ߳һ
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δٶȺѹԴݣԵȡʤӦ֮̾Ϊֹ
ֻԴҲԵɫΪȼΪ۵
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ʲųնɲǣҵƵͷ£ͬھѡ
ҪôֺˣҪôͬھ
ԼĲ׼Դ᲻öģ᲻ԼΪע
Ķˡ
Դݲƴ
ԴݱܷâСһХԴڿкȻŵ£ͬӰ㼲׶£棬Ŀ·
һƵ֮δ֣ԵһӣԭƥĵٴתΪᣬ֯ζʵĵ˿סԴһҵޱߵɱ
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ͼ˫ȿʼͣѾûãĶܵʱ䶼ûУֻܼӲ
Уذɣ
һ̣ûܸıƵķչԴʦڡ
ȺѾȫȴжԵ龰һ֮󼴽Ŀºѿ
ԴݵĹٴ£

ٴν񼣰ػԴݵĵ棬Ʒ潹ƣʱֹȻŷûܵ
ƵúֹŪ˰ٱ֮ʣԴһЦҵƾͷֱָգΪ˫յɲ뵶֮УȻһҵƴޱ
ӥһϵЩҪ۾̿Ŀ龰֮ͨܣ֮£ҲѵֵԴ컯һ
ڴʱԭӦһȻֱͦɹǣȫ޷Զüţ̬ǷȻƥ״Ȼƾٹͷ̹֮ٵأ¾κݵ仯Ѷȫ֡һƵȴǺޱõһڶԷҵƵĵ񴦡
ԭЦԴݶٸвȴȻֻӲͷƤӲһУ
䣡
һ죬󾡽ɢ
Դ˵ϰգݰת档
ˣغһɺѪ߷塣
˾ڶʱԭλãظ֮֡

ǷİȻתףֻظɫ
ϣ
ԴݻʣϺ֣Ƭ̬ɣƺûкͶԷ֡
Ⱥ۾ȻĿɿڴ޷
ղԴݻƴһȻͬʱˣƸءΪʲôΪʲôԭӦһյȻͻȻ˿񱩵أȻʢʱһ֮£ȻԼһǸһȫԼ۾
һ䣬ԴռϷ磬δɱȺǰºڣѹ޳ܣҲ޷ʳٳ֣
ʱĨȥѪνȻЦ֮Լѹ֪ԴֺԽң
Դɫһ졢һףһڣȻƵҪѪվ޷֣̾һ벻½νġµһҲʹϻ㻹ҵ֮⡭
ȻʧЦԴҪʦ޳ҲҪи޶ȵĺáλǼ뿪׸ɣҵܣ˸λ
Դ޵ݣݣշ
ʱԴݷߣȺеķֻɽ֮ˣʤȷǸֶûпһۡ


113 ÿ
Դݵĳ룬ʤҲɫ࣬޷ͣٶȳ뾩׸һĳ롣
ʤȥãӥͨҲƻת
ɱ֮У˸ոȡһЩƣû뵽дµĴ󻤷֧Ԯ鰲Ȼȥ޹
˴ϲ׷ǰףء
ӥչ۷ɿɫԣֻˣֳֻʣ¼֡
ͨ޵УȻɫ֮´壬̲ס֣㡭оΣ
Цգþ֮󷽲̾Ϣһ񷬴սҶС湦ת񹦣Ԫ˶ʣϷڣϷܹԴݵĽмСԴݱϾӹ֣ϷȻסⱲӣҲ޷˶ˣ
˾Դʧɫ
Ȼڱ϶ɹѹأȴΪʧ֣ɥʧܹƵеƵΪֻȺҪüĴ۲ܹƽϢ

ʱղѾҹ
ҹˮ
޼˽ϳ͢ϢȺӢۼ֮ڣϸӥжϽϳ͢
ˮᣬɰ޼Լͻʸ̩ױţϿңʸ̩ѧԾӣϳ͢һж򵥽ܣӥıߣһļƻ
ʥ޼ԭ͡ҽɡҶίУһ·ࡱĺ񣬷ֹз͵ϮаԴСˣҽʥʩչֽʱӾ׸㴫֮ͨյĴսԾͬʱϳ͢ҲϢ޼Ҷǰ֧Ԯ
ǡʥ͡ҽɡҹ׸ͬʱаԴ޸ǷĲ£ͬʱҲҪҶĹգ˻ԶУһ·˵ء
·ϰ޼ߵ̫ʶһոû뵽뾩׸ȴ£ҾҶһ
޷˶֣ˣ󸮵ġ
һֻҽʥĵ
һνѣø书Ȼÿ϶˵˵һΰԵǰ漣
ʵϣȷǿģܷٴȬÿжΪԼ͡
һʱѹ֡
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ͨ˵ָһô죿ˮڡ׸ˣһֱ嶼ǸСӻ֡
׸ô죿
һӥ
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ӥٿȻϵͽ
ãӥĿкֱðһΣսѾȡ˴ʤֻҪȹ̣ǵ嶼֮У޺֮ˡ

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Һ󸮵һС¥ǰССԺ߽ģľ£СͤľΣ޲ֵ˼ҵƷζ
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ֻʱһŷȫǣڵҶϡ
ӼǰĵһھסҶȻ֪Ҷϲ÷ѩ鼫¼伸˶ϰ檵£Ȼֻϲ÷ѩһԸΪԼ
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ʲô𣿡ӥͷҲ̧ȻҶСܵȻɲݺµĴӢۣϣִҪרһֵݻԸΪİŮӸΪĸŮӲᶯģ
չʱ״СؾѽԭҵĶ羹ʥ·ʧʧֻǲ֪Ů֮׺ʱܸҴɩӻأ
ӥڨЦ
չҪٴҹҹҵϵĶһ٣ʱȴҶѹʱԾ߽һ
ˮ

ֻҶĵڶա
׸˽ӥִ֣ӥһУֱ嶼ȥ
뽭͢²Ԫ˶һ£½֪˫Ȼ̸Уӥһ֮ǰٵķҡڵǰ嶼Ǹ󼴱޵ҧгݣҲð֮踣Χɱӥ
ӥԶȥ¥ļλ¥֣֮嶼
ҶȴΪδ
ʱ򣬼ͬһգһһλÿ͡
Ҷڴ֮ϣŮһС࣬棬ε֣ЦҶִ˿̴ѲһȺɱķ¼Ǵ齭ˡ
Ҷ̲סҡͷЦϺ֮ͽ̫ˣȺɱǱ׷ɱƨûˣ
Ҷ˸ЦЦȴ̲סЦֻɲ֮䣬ɫһ죬ԣԼһѪ
ҶֲеĴţԭѾˡ


114 ̸
ҶԴǸ⣬֣صµֵĲ飬˵ķ˴ʱգڵֵĲ飬ȴ
޷ֵЦţ⡣
Ĳ⣬ǿΪ֮ĸһħƵж޲ߣҶı£أ
ԴˣҶȴг㡣
̫һ֣ʹʢѹ˳ƣ֢״ˮɱ޴һ֣ܼͨʮ첻ѾԹ壬Ե֮ĿƣҲȻ̣ʱ١
֣Ҳܹ˳ʮ꣬Ѿž֢Ψһ漣ˡ
Ҷ֮ģԴΪһǾǡ
񹦡
񹦡ˡ澭ϵ书ŭhΪŵϼѧأ밾ȫԷ֮࣬ͨȫмٸѨɡ˹𡿡塿ΣᲢá֮ٶ죬޾ͨȭҲʹ󹥻޿ƥУԶ幦ܷɽղ֮ϰṦʤṦ֣ʥ䣬ٶ֣רſкԺ
Ҷ㹻񹦿ֵľ֢ˡڤơ޼һҲǼƺᶼ޲ߵ
ĹģأѧԺһͨͨĵӣѧʶ֮֮ƽ֮ȴڽϼüôܣѧԺѧʶΪһ书ΪڶＴ书ƽƽѧԺϾѧҲʤö٣ûܷţ
ʲôܱ˷ֵܡ
ѧԺмȻ֣ܳչħŴò˵ҲҶǷħ˲Уֻǰ֣͸صĸо
Ҷ˼ָͻȻ֣ɷñ̽һľ
ãصݹȥҶţ̫Ԫ񹦡һ˽ȥ
̫һڣҶʱ亮ˮеĸоʱ̶ʹ࣬һżˮ֮У־ˮ֮˶ʮ꣬ʹǳ˿
Ҷ̫ڣһ̲סޡһԷµĵ񹦣Чʮ־ˣֻʹľǱ⿪⣬ݲеòľʱм޸
Ҷüͷ壬ȻԼոպһЩ㣬ʮȻֻľ̽鲡飬̽ԷĹϸ
Ҷȫ̽˱澭ʮ֮Ҷϸϸ̽е֧ؾֱԼľͷͣס֣æĿ񣬻ָ
ֻ̩ɫԭɫú٣ȻҶջعɲֱԭɱĿþûζ
ҶʱȴǷһ㣬û뵽ֻѧԺġȻȻ٣ȴ쳣ûһ˿ħаϢ˹ٴ֢ڣҲЩȻĥһգƹڼ
һжҶ֮Уһһ仯ֵͬ죬ʮ֮ϮȻľòҲлٵʴɾȻͬԼʦһȫͨԼҪ񹦡ľ֢Ȭ֮ձΪ֮ʱ񹦡롾̫Ԫ񹦡ͬȼľѧ֮죬ǳܼԼóȻڣպһԣ뼺ΪУԼһУ
ɶԷûħԼζͶԼǼȣվھһӡ
һʱ䣬Ҷղѡ

ҶӴֵͬʱһλÿȴܶݷõģȴһˡ
ոܡ𼬲Ѯһ֮ࡣ
ͬˮ̳һڵϣµ汻ˮŪʪһƬͣϢͬᣬʹѵ
ͬһʱ򣬴Ƥû̧һ£ֻսߵ˰ɣͽҩɱң
ɫһ㡢Ե˰׻ӣһùƮҼҹӶʮֲ˵롮֮ȴԴıɱԵһӽ
Ƴ˶Էһۣ¶֮ɫֻǴӦȰ롮֮Ѿˣں飬Դݵ飬ΪıߣҲΪ˻սǲͲӦù⽫ҵ͸¶Դݡ
ұԹҼҹӣ㲻ˣԷʱɱ¶˲
ɱҺˣȻһЦ
ΪҲңԷŭ
ʾص˵ͷ
Էƣ䣬ͷ
ŶԷǰƤգһ£ԷȻ鰴һǣžظһͣĿףѪվûɱ
ô֪Ҳɱ㣿ǰɫһ翵ҹ²ý
඼࣬һֻ棬˵Ƥ֮࣬롰𼬲Ѯʱʹƨ㲻ϣԷѯʣֻǵȻش̨ɫдϣῴսɱңˣֻҶɡȻ̨սһʱǲɱҡ˵ɣսкĿģ
ȻǸˡ׻Ŭѹŭʵڿɶ񣬵ȴĲɱǼҼҹ㽫Ūڹ֮ļıѯʡ
׻лȻֹΪʱһȥı飬ֻǽһֻ쵽˸ǰһ˫۾ſɺ޵ļЦ֮ɫֱֱض
Ҫʲô׻ʵ
ɫŨЦʲôҩսѯʲô⣬ȶͬҵļֵȻʱǱȻ˽ҩҡ֮ǰǲ̨ʾһѺ̬֮ҩȸأ
׻м뿹£˼ξģնû֣ͳеСƿ
СƿһΣ滩죬ȻʵǶõ
׻ֱԷ͸ĸоһʱѯʶʣ£ǲõĶˡѾ׶Σٴζ֮ˡ
ȫĽҩңȻϰȻһЦСƿ治Һһͷ˸ɾ
Ұһ죬ż̵İ׻УЦʵڿˡʲô⣬ֱʰɣ


115 ֮
ʱ˫ۣҶһɫвɱһ뵱ȻΪҶԼĲ֢޲ߣ̾Ϣһ΢΢һЦǿȰҶֲܿ꣬ѿȥһֽѡ޽ҶΨһĺѣһˡ
ҶԷԣֿвжԷԼѣԼȴȷЩɷ򣬲
񹦡¹شзˣȴ֡
ԺƬ̣
Ҷϥٴڹ
΢΢һ㶣벻Ҷ˲䣬Լ̫Ԫ񹦡Ч¼仹ʲô书ŵϼѧ
ְʾţϾƵµһѧŶ޲ߣԼϣҶĺ֮㣬Щ̫ˡͬ˵Լʵδ̫
˼䣬ȻǰϢһǣǴӱߵ̫£΢Ӳ徹ȻһůڽӲľȻ˼֡
ǿҵ
ĿؿҶǹǿҵůǻϵɵģǿҵ
¼ҳ۵ڹķʩչơġֻĹҲֻǴһռһĹԶԶȲڰٷְٴڹտ
۷Ź⣬ֱֱضҶ
ʱ֮Ҷ˫ĿɫȻ֮ǰĴ󲡳һۣЦ鷳һˡ
ãд棬ôû˵ȻԸһԡ
ͬҶҲΪҲһ񹦡벻ŹǿԭڵһЩˣȻֻڼת֮У˸ɾһȡ̫Ԫ񹦡ҪЧԣһħԣȻûС̫񹦡ǿȻŹļһⱲӶʲôħˡ
Ҷֽӹֵţתעڡ

Ҷġڵһ̣ⲡĹٿȻ𣬱ýý쳣ٴؿεʱѾǶͷֻǺˮһëϸףһ㵭ɫΧռǻɱ
ҶһЧǺɣһֵͷУ˫ͬĻֵͬػǹɨУͣ˳Ҷģٵע뵽ֵڡ
ÿעһƾܵĻĴѨϱ㱻Ƴһ䳱ʪҶ˶ٶƣһٶشѨλһ飬ʱȥһӣҶո۵ľѾķһգʱ֣ƮҶͷһĵɫ㸲ǣ˶ʮʪ뱻ɡ
Ѿ˻֮УҶҲǶͷðһɾ޴αֱڵ֮ϡ
չ𻺻һര˽֣ߣĴ
Ҷ˵ͷȹȣ񹦡Ҳ״ڸáΪЩʹɣôһ֣ҪƳһܱ
չʵ񹦡Ŀ
ǵġҶɣԼϰſԽ⿪ֻֻܾ͡һʱ޷ĲǷ񹦡һҪ۲һʱա
չ𻺻˵ͷҶĵǣʣô죿
Ҷ֣֨ѽһƿŮ
ҶҪֽʣһдһ߷ԸȥһͰˮΪλ빫ԡиҩҩηŽȥֱ빫ȫٹʱˡ
ŮмҶαֱ˷š
Ҷڴ֮ϣ֡ĪҪʧ

Դ޾ɵСԺ첲֧°ͣ˫Ŀ죬аͬ࣬ҲϣĽ
һ˱ڰ޼ƨɺ棬ֱ׸˺еʱӵʮӥӥ飬˵˾ͽ˵÷ѩǰѰҽɡ
Ҷ˵ͣϢ˽÷ѩĲ֮뱱Ĵ󵱼ȳ棬ԼͽܶɢʯĴռһЩǷȱҩġ
Ѿʱ䣬ͬҽɵԴ޺аôԾ壬ڱµСԺţ£ѹҪ
ϻ˻˻ҰԣҲһԴǱʱգгƨ
شݴ˳ȵιʲô
㡣аԴ
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СԴ°̴ͣˣԻƨƨѪ
룬ֵǳˣ˿ɺóˣ
ճ˽ֳԣشԴޡ
Ὺʼüǳɣ
Դ̾㲻УҪӵġ
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㡣Դ޺аٴĬش𸴡
ҿᱻĥҪߣ첲ӾҪ֡
ɴȴƿС¥һĴᣬҾ˵شʲôʲôʣµιèιķݶܰˡ
Ž˵öԣ˲俪򣬵˵ͷЩ˾Ͳܿƽ޹ʵҪ̺¶ر࣬ð
İ
̾Դ޺аͷ
ļ䣬ɢʯŻŵسСԺһ·С¥Լҩܡ
Դ޿λģһ䣬ʲô°
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飡
ͬһʱ䣬Ŵ飬Ƚýڶɢʯǰѩ㵽ˣȥ
÷ѩཻǳĺ񣬱Ͼ磬ƯͶԵŮӲ׻ɹۡ
ߣ
ɢʯҵ飬ȳСԺ
룬Ҳȥ
Դ޴󼱣ȵιȵǰ
ΪδԴ޶˶ɾʹˡ
úɣ
ᵽſڣЦػֵǵõķˣҸŽҪԵޡ
Ѿͷ
Դ̣Էȴʧ⡣
ԴָͷȥЦôôӿ˰ɣϲŮôи԰ɡ
аһģ
ģԴ޻Цⶥ˶аأÿοţҲһֱı飿
аֱ壬ҿ㻹ǻáʱѪɷɱֵǴʱο׶༪٣
Դ޹˾ͽ嶼˺иҾͲĸ˵ô
δ䣬Ժȫºڿɱ֣
ҿԴ޴ʧɫͷаŭѾô࿪ɣ


116 Ǻɽ
ǵ˰׻һˣսѯʵ⣬Ҳ˴𰸡
Ҫá֮ΪѷɫƵĽġħ֮սҪȫΪ֮񣬲֮С
ҲͻἫ޶ȵ־Ӣʵ
ֻƵĽ֮ľսټңҲǶ˰ˡ
սҪģƺȫ¾Ӣߣʮڵĸ֣˴
սˡ
ܿ񣬺ܰ
Լ书ĽҲƵУҪᡰ𡱵ĵλͱıĵеǿ
쵶ʵҰĵİ취
ֻǿϧ쵶ãлԱƵĽΪģǻġ
ֻ֤Ҫѡ쵶̼ӵна塰ħۡƵеʵǲŻõȫעᡣ
ļƲߣǴ㣬ΪսƵġ
֮ǰսá쵶նɼġѩ񵶡ʵѾּ𶯣ֻɼϾңԭڲӰȫȲˣʶֻ˿ɼѣ쵶նϵĲǡѩ񵶡ƹǷǸļأ
˪ϻ͡ᰡ
ԭ˼Ĵ˵ǡ쵶ܽһնϣӰһֻ֣Ҫǿ
һߵʵӹɵģδвƵУһֳ֡쵶ȴƵΪ֮ɵ
δɥʧ֮ǰġԵȻԾġ˾ͽ塣
쵶նϹǱǱҶɶӹŵǽǹ⣬ǰ׵֡ǹΪҳ׷ɱʥʮպ󽭺ֻнõʬ壬ǹ֪٣Ǳħʥڹ֣֮ǽǹҶɶӵϡ
ʣܹնƷǹıֻǡ쵶ҵ껹δɵ񵶣ɴ˿ɼá쵶նͬƷ񽣣ǲܡ
ֻǰն֮ˣضǵϵʥ֮һǲ֪ʥ֮һ˵սʵܹﵽʲô̶ˡ
սǷԸǸǷΪ¶ˣͲǵˡ
²⣬սĿҰģʮа˾Ըðա
˸߳ţһЦݵȥҶķ䡣

Ǹõĸ֣Զûнеǰݻ
ܵͥ㶼ؾİɫĴʯ㾧Ө⣬оøʢĵУ޵ļͨΣԼһЩ޶ȵı֮⣬ûһǶġ
Ȼ򵥣⣬ʰüΪɾ
׿ȻǸעܵˣֻǽط־ԽྻκεطҲһҳ
Ͻ򵥵Ĳã˵׿ǵ򵥣ɼϣͽе׿ȫͬ
Ů˵Ұȡ
ŵλϣʮֵ˵һʦ֣ɫһ棬Ҳһ֮ɫ
ֻ׵ġìڡʤ¶һظĸ顣
ǸʵûɱһҶԭΪⲻ˱׿һٳ벻ǣһͻ¼Ȼת׿ķŭʹһεԡ
׿ˮӵоգȴԲ׽֮Уֻ
׿ҲʵǲʤĶ֣ʵȴڳĺ
ǸĴЩ䳡׹˵ķǸ壬ͷ󺹡
Ĭ֪ãͻ׿󿪿ڵʵʦĴ˻Ľô˵ģ׿ȻʮֵĮȴޱȵŵԶ۽ĵҪöࡣ
ŮĻԸֻ֣ҲᾫΪ֮һˬʵ֮󣬴˵϶ȫѪɫ
׿֪վã˶Ƣֶʮ˽⣬ʱˤüĻ˵ֻԣֻǳѯʵʱ򣬱ɱʱ̡
ԭܼ򵥡
Ľߴξܾ׿ټҼᶨ򴫻л浱ʾԸΪǸ֣
ΪһҲԸƵм£֪ΪΣĽս䣬ѾЩҵĵزδһγ֣ȻҶûɱǡλꡱα뽫Сˣɴ˿ɼĽǶôĳˡ
һѱϳʣǸҪأڽĿȫޣβ׿
һɭȻĽȻսҿ⡮µһҲˣպƵҲⲻһǵ棡
ݵλ⣬һ֮˶ǰһƲ죬ϲɫؿ׿
׿һȻĽжԿҵ˼ȴ˵ԼоҪȻԸΪֵǣҲգǾҸ˴ˡ
Ⱥһ㶣׷ȻԶԡ
ĽļӦ˭
׿аβƵλױϡµһıƾħŵƣȡ±ࡣ֮ԸһԿ⣡
׿ȻĿһһɨǡìڡʤ̫סȡηǡλꡱα롢޳⼸ֶ׷׵ͷʣµ͸ˡ
Ҫ֪Ľʧһͷ߿ҪԺųƲ񻰾ġħۡƵеġ
ǿսµʱ䣬ʱ˭Ըⴥüͷ
ƵôBOOSڳµһͷԱһɽ
׿͵һ
̫ʸϣ̲סһЦ뷨ãҵʵԿħۣǰ벽񻰣ҲԿһϧ
ʤǰһϲ벽񻰵ĸ֣װԴݻ˺ôó
Ϳ治ͷһϾԭֵ飬˳֣ʿοǸ󣿱ǷƮҡѵʵٵĿʵ֪ء
㡭㣡
ʤʱͨ죬ѵ㵱Ҫֻ֡һվ㿴׿Ŀ⣬ʱһίٵ
ǸһǺϵʤͶǸݵλͬն׿һۣȻҹ֡
̫ʤϵҪã˾æ棬ʵԮȻѡҵȻҲвƵУ֪пкѡ
׿̾һ˿˵ز˵ҪȥɽһˣǼλˡ
˶һ㶣Ҳһʡ
ɽǼλ˭
УΨʸϡǸϰϵ̫״һʵɽǼλ˵ǼλеϹ𣿡
׿ĬĬͷĿ룬˼ɵǸǹĺɽȥˡ


117 ж
ҶʱԭĶС¥˲ٿҶĽͣлԶݡݺͼĽĸ֡
µƴʦŵκԽڰԹ̸Աչʱ䣬绨еɴ˫漰ʦţһεŰݷõ¸棬Ҳ̸ʱż⡣
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벻ҶܵĴ̼ôҲǵס
СӡչղѣǰһԹǼ´̼Ҷӣһֱûἰ£ôôûɫһž͸ͱˡ

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ǵõɮȻĸˣƢ𱬵ĺͣȻΪһԭչϷ̫ˡ
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ӷ𣡡ƴʦҶʩִƶɮȰţֻͼתҶʩעȻ˵⡭
绨ɤšһһԭϺиղں˵˵
ƴʦǺһЦ˲ڿΪҶʩעƶɮ˵Ҳʵ顣
Ҳǵͷѡ
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Цʦⲻλô
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ͷͬؽʵڵģʦἰ˰ɿԸƧ˵Ǳŵĺˣ̫ϵͬţֻǴаδˣ˵ˣǲطںδڽ˶û˵
ͷȷˡ˽⵽Ϣ˵λؽ˱̫׵ʦܣ֪Ϊַ̫ʱ㲻Կ϶ǣؽ˲δҴпܾھ׸Զɽڡ
Ϣ׼ȷ˴Ϊ档
Ц𣬷չĬȻ֪ϢԴпܾǰʱõ鱨мп漰̫һЩùĴţıңĻҪյ׼޵鱨̫ͬһϵսѣҲնԷ鱨ԷֹԷδԼ顣
չҲǰƿϵףϾһѿǳԵ֪ԷɽΣɽݺ֮֮һݣɽ룬Ǽҵõ
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չվȻˣǾ绨ͬȥɡ
Ҷôû𣿡
ʲôҲûҪչ˸ָָۣҶˣһˣһ˶һ˲һģ
ʱ򣬴̨һ죬һϴ̨Цֵү˴ֶҡ
㿴չһָļһ˵ܷģ
˵չŹӣҩ̳Ӳݳ𣿡
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չɴһ˫۾ָŹĸ㣬㡭յģӲݣôҩˣҵġ۽ɱ㣡
չŭһȥ
үҴ
ҽ洫һ󱩴

С¥֮УЦ𣬳嵭һƬơ
֣ͬʱһ㣬һ̵ĸ飬ȴֿģЩܡ
ͯʱΣе˵֣һֶҩ񫣬ȴη塭


118 Ӣܻ㼯
˸һأкҲһʣԴ޺аɱ˹
аһγԸһҶԸ
ԸүԴǿһѳסа۵糸һԺ˹ȥͬʱ󺰵˰д̿͡
˻δſڣ̴ٵҽдһ´űײ飬ɱֳ˽ǽµŵģǵĸ֡

һԴֱ㶪һ׻飬ⶫǴҪġ
һŨ̹ȵס˵˵׷ֵڸĸѡ
Դ޳аͶһԺǽҪԾǽ⣬һӰӭԴŵһתҪܣȴаһѳסȵԼˣ
Դһδ˭ֱġߡʺɱ֮ɱȻţ˺Ϊ֮һ͡
δһң
һɴԴٿȻڿԺ⣬űһӱڻһ˱ǣԴһȴһϹӣ𣿡
ԴȻ̧ͷȴԼһɫŮԹķʽڻԼֻ§˼ҵĲӣҪඪ˾жඪˡ
۰һԴڵ棬ǸԲסԲס¿ɲռˡ
￩ֱЦԱаһΪģԱŲ
ʱԴ޲ŷ֣סԼĹʮ죬ϸһѰ˼žѵ㲻޼ӳǸ㲻Ǹš

ҽдԺдԴޱ׷أʱ䣬Ժмɢ
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һΧϰٵƵĿ׷׿˹аԲĴ͵һӣģԭǸûֵкûӰæȴ԰ʳ


119 ĴѪ
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ƹɫΣ벻Լ׽һʣȻÿ֮أȻҲò׵ĺ֮УΪλλµĲǣŪԵɣΪλһء
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ڷţȴᶨޱȵشӦŷģҶɱ˴ˡ


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ȥҲʦԺ򣡡
ǸŮ֮һųһֻŸ룬һĹѻתϢ֮󣬶ÿ·ʩθڣ
׿΢΢һЦܣ粽ڡ


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Ҷܿһֱۣܾ˿ӵĸоһ˶ռ֮Ǵɷ羰ֱɽʲôڴ񣡡

ׯѾ°ٶ֣֮ɹÿڸҲĬ͵ȴ˵ĳ
ʧܹܶΣκεԵʧܡ
ׯׯ֡ģǻ⹫ŮӨӨϢչ⾰Ѿڽɢȥ
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ȫЩѵ⣬ȻδΪܺˣȴͬء
Ϊ֡ĵŮ߻ģһ콣ɽһΪһкǰ;һѵǴ˴¶޲ǡô˷ǳøС
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жǶ˭û˵Ϊ̫вһ
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߻ͬʱӵһߣĻУֻѻҲƵĶԲͬĽǶ߷
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123 
֮ͬʱ߻ʵĳӭסһѻҲƵĶδһɽȽ֮ҲŽһֻѻɸǽ⣬һ
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߻Ľľѻٷ˻أгδԶֻľѻ㷢һļͨٿȻ죬ȻһѪ꣬ܣͬʱһɸŨҵĹζ֮ɢ
߻ˣֵסɽѪ꣬Ƕ˻ŵζǰʱһƬѪɫ
ڽϵѻͬʱڽѳͻȻַѸٵıչƬѪɫա
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ùЦŭģһ㵱ԭȴˣǣ
һ䣬ƿݶȥ
˿Ŀ࣬Ҫ֮
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׿ɽһ·̺죬¥续羰֮䣬ȻãǱ԰޵ɾ
һ̣׿һɹĵǰӭ䣬ǽߣǾϸ̵ʻްͿΣԭľɫһɫˮĥȺǽʯ̨ףɸʽʽļɡ
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صǸ׿ŭ䣬ӴһɽׯĻ


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Զʷǰһˮ΢棬ˬΪˡ
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Ϊʱ˿̣δеġ⽣ŷԼһܿƵزͣԭֹĽⲻδ˥ߣ·һҪֶȥʹһеı仯

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ԼһͣԼĽжƲסǻ֮
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𡯽üĿһ֡
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𡱽üת
һʧһЦָҵˣʱѾ˹ȥ
̾Ϣһڣתʧ֮ڡ


130 ӤħѪ
绨ЩźףֺЩЦãķɽһΣ
˴ʱǴ㶵ضڵϵҶ߶һ仰
ΪΪʲô֣ң
Ծĳ鶯ſ°ĭĲ״ҶĿ࣬ʵ˵ڡ
绨Ǹ˵İհשĵܵģ˭˭ˣ
Ŷķ࣬ǹŮĳһƻûջȥָţë뻹ź⣬̲ס㶵˵Ƿˣ

ǻˣ
羪ѣһΧȥ
ʱ䵹˵һ֮ǰ
ľе񶫱˴ܡ
ɶ
ҳզأ
ٳԣ
Ҿͳˣ
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ǡ
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绨˵һզأ
ࣺ̹µǸ㲻
绨һͦظҾվˣ㲻ɣܴҾ͸գ
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ŭĿԲһƴĻв˽һϸţë롭
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ͦãҲΪܿסû뵽һȥͷһƬʹתԲ飬Ҫ˵˾ͷ˰ۣĭ͵س鴤
鷢չ̫죬Χ˵ûӦ˵ķҲԼһʱ嶯ɵۡ
嶯ħ
һզ˺һΧȥɽǰ֣缲Ʈ磬Ҷ硢ԼǰҪѨͬʱȵ⺢Ӵ´ˣ˵˶ٴΣá͸롯¿ɻˣ
ŵ÷ɵöţô죬ô죿᲻
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æ󣬼ʷɽҩģ
ʱҶѾʧȥʶſſصڵϡ
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ɽ˷˵꣬Ա߷һĿ֮Ѿֱˡ
ʵǡʦǡ
ɽ̧ͷ̾˿ʦλҪѰҵģؽˣ

ѵʱ򣬷ԼһλƵϡ
ڼΪӵӣϸŵĽҲУֵǧϡ
ȥĶ
ֱӿʵ
ɼׯ洫𡱽
áԵҲǹġ
ؼׯüͷһ壬ҹò飿
Ļһ˿ɡ
ׯˣ𡱽һЦԲǧ֮ڣΨкףȥȥģׯϾҪˣҲֱӵؼׯȥġ
ԭˡ
Ȼỳɸ׵ΪŸ׾Բħʲôס
ҲһжԼ´ˣ
̾˿һԼơҹܵˣһҹѾȬ˳ϣֻЩǿĿҪлι
ͨͨѪ⵱е֣ά޸˵壬Чǿ
ѽŹ˯һʩչĵزٽȻԡ
ſٸԭ񹦣˵Լйء
ҹħŷڶ˵һɽׯĽǲȡʤõġ֮ԼȴǲͣܣѵպԼĳƺҪɡܡ
ԳʧЦһĵЩʧ䣬Լܣǲ֪ΪʲôԺͻȻֳָǰҶ˵һ仰
Լ㲻Ľ
гʤҲưܽÿҶʧȡѵһʱʧܣΣ
뼰˵㣬жʱȻʡ
ԣ
ܵġ񡱣Ҿưȱġȱˣ

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ﵽʯƹҫɫͷѣĿڶҪжʵڲס
һ˹ٳƽأһİԡ
һʯצɵĹͼϣð̣ʯѪˮһδεĽߣһ̥Ӥ
κ˿һʯŶжĵĸоħ⡣
ѻߵѪħʱվһԣڴ˵ֱϻűԱ߲Զһɫʿ㡣
ʱ˾۾ضŲԶʯǰһ̥ӤӰ
ⶦӤħѪѾӽɹֻһ̥Ӥ
˫ǸȡӨӨе̥Ӥ̤첽ħʯӽ
˫Żǰ󡢻ңڰ̤ùֻʯǰ˫ֽǸ̥ӤŽڡ
һȵѪʱӶð
˲ûжܣѪһЦ
㲻ĿãʵôæⶫûЧ
ЧһЦתͷ򶫷㣬ȴѪѪĪֻʱһͷ׷ƣû˵ݣǹ͸ɫȴߵ⡾ӤħѪ񹦡Ѫǧ겻֮أʥص䡶ħ顷˵᲻Ч
ĪתͷѪ˫ĿţɭȻһħѪ֮ұ㻻ȥȫѪҺ̱ԳΪ֡ϧΪأûаÿӤѡΪֵ̥Ӥһ񻰾ʱƵУҲ
ЩţԵ˵Ը⡮ӤħѪ˵ǰɣһǰæһ
ģ֡һ󹦸ɣʱǲǶֵĶġĪ˵üɫ衣
㵭Ѿһɽׯˣ¾ӵϣȰ㻹Ǳֹ̫ۣСµĺáҶڵҲδߴ٣ǺĹ˾ú򡣡
ˣߣҪܲ񻰣ҾĹˡĻ塭ΣֻʣһѪӤɴ󹦸ɣˣֻҪˣұһĪתѻ
ڡһԵѻѪħӦ
һҵ𣿡
ǳɼׯϸͼѻĴӻͳһᡣ
ĪһУͼѻзɳչƽԱߵʯ档
ѻ˵šһĺѾڵĵز˵ֱġ
ôĪЦ
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ܺáĪһЦĸĸӤһǳǿ׳
Լǡ
һ䣬ĪѻЦ
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131 ؽ
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ۿⳡҪֹؽȥԱߵ̲סλܷԺۣȾҵѡ
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ֻҪǰϾˣο
ؽӣֱ˹һƨҶԱߣֹ˵ǵꡮµһˡרҵĽҩһһţܹģ
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յ̵̽Ѿʬ֮ڣѪħ˫צʱһһ̽ץס˽˫ֵһӱ㽫֮ץ顣
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˫ŻδߵѪħ֣˳ȥɓǽϡ
ǶϽ۵װɽӵĸֵ
ʱһѾҪسȴĪһбѪŭţһҧѾľ࡭
ɱԷŴϴĪŭУѾӣײڴϡ
һѣѪħðŲ̣һͷҲƣڰС
ۡ
ְȥĪǰѾʬ֮ϡ
ĪһѾɾѪʬҲĽ֡
ʱĪ࣬ǰȥǵУѪħѻñһֻ͵Ĺȴо£ųɱǰȥ
Ѫħ龳֣Щεֵ˫צһ˺ץӭ޲ԡѪˤȥʬûһġ
һ죬һĽῴ׼ʱ֣оһͶýĪס
ץסˣץסѪħˣ˷ܸߺ
Ҳʱ򣬶ġ߻ֱַӲͬķ
Ѫħѷɣĸ
ͬʱѾǶһһöַɳɻĪ
ƾǣĪһЦ͵һ䲻ݷرܿͬʱҲԼϡ
һͷĽֻ֣һɴ˱ѾŹȥ
ʱĪһһǣʱϣһץӭĽǰָһʱ˳
ŭĿԲһʣͬʱ˫ֽץסĪֱۣþɣ۵ĪһѪۣȵ󡭡

ĪɭȻһЦ˫צһʱʬ
ֵܣ
콣߻ȻϲΪˣΪִ壬Ѿ塣
ĪЦУ˫һչܹ߻ҪĿ콣ͬʱһöҲ·ɹͬʱɽգ˫ĶͬһֻϷҪɳǽ
δ֮ʱ
飡
ݶ飬һ˽ǹֱʣ滨һ涵ǹĪȫ
ͽ
ΪʮŮڰλԻ̣ڿ׼ʱˣ
ǡǹŮеǹѾǹ֮ޣһ㣬ĿѣأҲסĪһʱ
Ի̱ˣҲʮŮ֮һƤӨѩףȳף˾ѣõ֮С
ֻһǹ֮£αĿ£欣ǹΪһ壬ȴ֮˪飬κ˶еӦý̬


133 Ȼ
ؼׯѾȫڣɱ˷ӰҪسŰĪ
ׯһ¥ϣȴĿѣҪ֣ߵġ𡱽סһΣʱѾŭɶȴϱڱ͵ϮֱӵҪѨֻܿźؼׯںú
쵰ôʲô˼ǧ˼ҲûϵԼ֡
𡱽ȻһЦׯνͬģѾչڹϣׯƽϢħ֮ǰһУôˣ񲻶æһˣ
ŭǵļƻǵƣҸףֶΣʲôӢۺúʲôоӣ
俴ڣֻׯķԸҪǽǹ̡ħ񾡣ǻ㾡Īô죿
ѪЩ޹һɽׯ˴£Ͳ½𣿡ڱߺʡ
ЦһҪ𻰣䲻һ
ҪҲǹʵãֱУһɽׯθɣ
ٿȻסǱõĻƿնһźƿ׵ӡһжȵƣĻǺ࣬ƮǰƳ˾һ壬¾ѧԺϾˣҲⷬ˰ɡ
ס˵֡
ĻĶУȴһ顣
̲סȴǿѹ±ŭƳ˶һۣӣ㻵ҵĴ£
ף㡭
죬ҲķϻĻתǵ˶ú𣿡
벻Ļ͵ĻᶼԼֱӱѵ⣬˴͵С
ׯѾ׵
ãòˣĪĴٳ֣һٽĪɱ
𡱽һ֣Ա𾪵΢΢һЦתȥ
ʱȫ׵Ĳˡ
һλоӣλԼ𾴵ĸף˵Ļȴĺѡ
⻹ԼǸ˵Ľо
Ǹ̵Լӹ֮˵ĸ

ڿϤİӰо᲻ܽһʻ㡪α

Ի̵ĳ֣ȻһʱסˡѪĪͬʱҲ˼ȵΣյС
Ի̵ǹƣĪһҽѪһһںѪȵĹֻűͬһ㣬ٿȻ͵·ȥӭԻ̵ͷٻ㡣
ͬʱ˫צһʣʱѡ콣߻ľֽץУ±һҪǸ߻˿٣ֻһ˫ֱҲ

ĽԻһǹ̳֪жټĪһ֮ϣʹ˳̵Էһͬһ㣬ƫƵصͷ
ԶĺͺƴȻԮԻΣֻ֮ܿԾȣ
Իһæ´죬ؽڶһ֮£ǹһգǹӰȻʧ˲ɫ£ԻһתʧĽǹ߲̳ǡǹԷ似ǹ
һתĴ£һǹȻһȻĪĽģԻ̽һǹķֱӶݻط֮ڣܿҪһš
ʱ֡͡ҲһϵǶֻ֣ӰֱΧ

Īһ롰һƣʱһѪͬʱ̧ŴжԷؿڣһ˶Էġʮֱ̫߷ɳȥʮɾ룬غѪعǲ֪˶ٸ
һȴ롰֡ץ˸ţŶԷֵףĪЦһ֣ҽ޹֣
һһʱλ֡˸飡
Ĳҽһֿ־֮ɫۿŶԷһֻ֣Ҫȫͷ䲻һϮǰ
Īһ˺ĳʱ·Ǳ˳ȥͷһأ
ĪЦһתŻĶ֡
ʣǡĻ塣
ôϳˣĪѵʵ
ĽһƳƮǰȻصλӢһĳֽһ

ؼׯϿգ⻪ʮ˶Ĺڿз裬ƷСʱͿѪɫⲨľһһ䣬ȺۺȲ˷Ļ岻֣ħѪڵĪѹԵơ
ĪħĻʮۺѹ£ҲֻƣӦ𽥾ƣΪġʬħҲĻĳ׼ʧȥáʮвܻһУѾǱز
ݴ˲Զվ¥֮ϣĿ˹ȫѨ׵ȫ޷ͬΪ㾡Į
ľѳۣĻеʵ֣ڽ¶׵αɱĪҪ
ҪѨҪۿĪס
ˣ
ԪѨλһִͬһȭʱѪԪѨһת磬ѨҲࡣ
һɽׯļƻ̫ˣԽĶʵԽױ顣
ۼԶһĪһٺˡ
׷ϣʱɨĪĻǲԾ¶һĨ΢Ц
ˣ
ȺۻȸԾţȸԾ㻻˾ŭ
ۿĪ룬ȴٿȻһȻ仯ɫСզզؽţһɢɢӡ
ãĪҪܣ
Ⱥ۵ʱңԻűͣ׷ɱЩƴС𣬾ĻҲһʱֽţֻóĽɨգƬȻһƬ̡
ڴһ˲ͣһѪʱ忪ϱļѨػɡ
ɫűɱѪ𣬶ĶһǱйȥ

ķ·ߣĻҲȫ½أۿŲ𵹷ɹǽɳׯԺ⡣
ֳʱһƬյľ
Ҳʱ
ʮͷ಻ͬĴڱɿֺ󣬿ǽǱ׷
ĻĪʧķɫࡣ
ַľʹǰׯģЩȮ׷٣ĪҲ޷ӳ졣
ã
Ļ𸴣࿴һ۶Ը⡣
ʱԻ̵һɸָĻ巽ɫһɣŷסĵļ򣬼ָϿҽƣĪͽϷˣλģĳȻԶһѪħ
лΪ
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Ļһ֣һѾΨհȺۣȥ
ǣЩ󹷵ĽͬʱſŲ˸ǽ£׷ЮЩ󹷰Խǽ׷ׯԺ⡣
漴׷һƬɳĮ⵱ȻǻþЩȴûбþԻĪڵϵѪ׷ǰȥ


134 ħѪ
ҶڲطһգȫΪ
˾綾ҶС̫Ԫ񹦡ĹҲ
Ҷ˴ѵĲҩÿڹڵʱڶȫɾͬʱҲָ۷״̬
չҲѵ˲طȣ˵ȴľֻҶһ˶ѡ
Ҫһһؽ˽
Ҷҩ֮󣬵
ó߾ؽ˴˴Ҷӳȥ
ϸһԭΪ⡰߾̫̫׵ĺۼؽ̫лⲻĳԹһ񽣣˸λûгɱѾ漣ˡ
Ȼ߾̫׶죬ȴ̫׵ͽ;죬ȻʥضͽּӹɳƷ񽣣Ȼ̫̫׵ĺۼڲؽһһʦУȻȥ
ҶЩĪͨɽһԻ˽⵽λʦȻ̫׵ʦܣҶǧǰΪ񡱰ҴıŴС
ؽ˵ʦ̫׵ĸסΪؽʵ̫׻Ҫǿ࣬ʦϲʶʦֻŲյġͷڸ˲ؽ˼֮λһλʴӱͽܣȴû뵽̫ܵ׵ļޡ
ʦλûжã̫ױ뿪ţŻ󡱣ؽԡԭؽ˲ԸʦӲطȣ벻λʦȴڰǰѰ޶ҪЮӲƲؽ˾֮óɽ
֮£طȫʩչȡʤڽҪͷ̫޶ҡ˰УնԼӲطаࡣ
˵̫ؽѾǾԵһС
еıԼβŭ
ɽĽͣҶҲط˵ŭνκ˱ƣСһ꣬˭ⲻ˴Ƣ
ͬʱҶҲǴΪԩ߾ǰһͣҲϣɽܹ֮ؽˣ˽ᡣ
һȥգڷɽŮİæ˵֮£ؽڴӦҶ翽иǾȻرħץͽɽĶӷɡ
˴ʱ龰
Ҷʰͣ绨չֵ˴ǰ棬֣֣Ʊ롢͹ΪԮࡢɽһʷ壬ʡ
һ磬ڷɽŮĴ£ֱʷ塣
˵ؽͷҲģΪ̫״ķģûһ˵һ
ΪԣͲȥˡ
ͻϮҲָλĸְæֻҶֵܡ
߰ɣ
Ҷ緢ĺ󱳵ǧϻ˵ֻҪƵڳħҲסֵܺ赣

ӣһɽĪȻ춼ûܰ׷
Ī֪ʲôһ£֮ǰȴ֪ʬħ󡱾ȻЩȮ޷Ӱ죬ͬʱҲûа취ֹ˿ڼѪ
Ļ壡
ĪһҪ
ĪȫչǾȽȺԶԶ£㡣
Ṧ£һ£ʹĻҲδܹ׷ϣĻһʵڲᣬӰ졣
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ȥĪڵɽʱռݡĲõعǰ
ʷĺɽ
Īûнɽķ۴޸ģ˶Ŀʵعںɽ·ʮɵһɽ
Īڣ޴ʯŵסǰ
ɽȣܵ˿˵޽УҪҵɽѣοҪŪһôʯš
Ҷ֪ʱҪɽ壬Īϳ֪кθ롣
ĪһСĵˣعļ̶̳һܷģһȴѲĸ
ȻңԶǰȻĻҲԶˣԼѪָǾԻҵعǰ
·Ѽθı䷽ͼѸ߻ĵ˵׷٣ʼ
Ѫͬʱסģֻлع
ʲôҪȴԸ
ʯһ򿪣룬漴ʯŹϣһתʯŴϢ˺һᣬƲǰС
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ѻĪš
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ģֵعʱȻûһ˻شԼ
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ѻߵĸߴӰææشʯ߳Ӧ⡪Īģʱһʣʲô£
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޴˴Ϣ˵λ˼Ҫλ׼˼Ʒ񣬶Ȳ޴һˣ
Īʱյشһ
ʱعӳӡ
׼һлѪĹߡĪһԸһعǸûеѪ
ѻԾǣһš
ĪϺȵٷϻȥ
ѻֻʶȥĪŲһᣬ̤ýڵϡ
һΣй㿪ʼתһҲƣеʯתص³ȥ
Ī漴뿪ǸõػƲԱߣۿԭûʯλãһ޴Բ
ûʱҵһٸ̥ˡĪ̾һȻδȫѾоʮŸЧŲȥ
һ󡰺䡱ײʯŴ
Īڶڣ԰˥ϵϣĿ񶾣ŲƶԲǱߡ
¡¡ʱһͣĪȥ
ĪԲڷǰһƬѪɫĹâ
·ǸħѪʯ
ʯ·һι״ӣΧĹӣһ˺Ȼʯĵײ
ӷʯҵУԱߴССĳ֣ų̶̵ӡ
ѻץЩַһ죬ҲײŵżȻ̧ͷԲȥͬʱҲ˴Ī
Īͬʱ֫׼ȷڣ۵ĸϣ֫ڵС
ͬʱתӵĳת
밼вٷĹͻȻʮҪѨλá
Īֱ֮ϣϺȵʲôһѪ
񡭡
ѻӦһϵоĪãһһ²ݸˣ
ʯڵħѪ漴ɹӿֱӱעĪڡ
ħѪһ̣Īܲסҽг
䣡
ͬһʱ̣عʯڱĻȽֳˣ


135 ½˵
صĪû뵽ǣ֮£ĪṦȻǿٴʩչѪ֮ӿڱɱһҲٴˣṦ޷ѵˣֻǿȡơ
Īǰڽ󣬰Ľ塢ĵȽǸһ·ֱʷ档
ɽ֮ʱĪȴʩչֶΣýڸˡ
ûȮȻҲѰڲݴµѪͬʱҲԸǸʼĸ׼棬Ըȴ󲿶ڸѰҿټ
ϧӵܣֶⷽȷʵôһȥֻʮӣƫԭ·ߣʷǰɽ
һ·ã̾Ϣһ׼תͻȻȴԶϡĽҺ֮
ڶʱüĿһٶȥ
뷨ܼ򵥣Ȼ˵ħһܻأʹпܻħ˴ڣûܸסĪҵħŵӣһҵõعڡ
ȻҽмΪݣʱҲѾ˷򣬹ʶٵر㵽·ص㡣
ϸһȴһºڿһô֮£ؿһƣعݣѾ÷飬ոûãؿڻȵġ
ɻֱƿ˵һʱʧɫԼǰﾹȻǳ͢˾ĸֹ֡
ΪˣеҶ´޼ȡȳȵ׵ġ֡Ѧ͡ԡκ޾εһ˾֣û뵽ٻĽգȻ
ĿĹֹ
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һʲôҪ飬˾Żɹֹĸ̽顣
̾һֵǰˡһ̽˳ɱһΪֹ𣡡
ʱü˰Էݵعǣǵһ죬ɢԷȫȻһ˲ȫ飡

ơ
ⲻǡħɮԹе书ô벻ſ似
ԹǴʦʦܣ˫аΪݣԭʸ߲ȴΪоᡣ
ĲǱʥأ͵͵ˡ߲һʱ书ձֲ֮ţԺʹϵ书ϳ¡
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⡰¡Ҳֻǳ˿ľһӶѣ˾ͽ֮󣬡¡ڽ伣Ѿʮ⾰
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ֹһǷʲôŻᱻڡ
ϸѲ鹫ֹȫʱѾ̱ؿλãһҵСʲôƤ֮¡
γСؽȡȴһʵСܣ򵥵һֵдһ֣ȫ壬֪Ӧ˾ڲܵ룬²˼ԼǷӦת˼鱨ϳ͢߸ǸǼ˫Ľˮ
ɾڴʱһߴӲԶٿȻͷһɫӰ䶨
ڣ˵龰ԷҲһ񣬾
㣿
ڻˣ㡪
λħŷۿڣɨһµĹֹЦһڣϴӳ죬벻һΣҿ˭㣡
ôһС⽣ǰħйأһΣ˵ʲôҲҪָ
һ䣬бѾΪһƴĺ⣬ֱʺ
է֣ҲǵһһɽׯĽһγֻڣҲǳɳЭħ֮ʱʱ潻֣ʱС񡱲Լǰ
ۼԷ⵽˸ǰĿһӶȻΪһӰ˲࣬ʱùڽǿһ㣬ڰ˰̣Ȼ쬡һֱӻȥ
ٿȻһȭڽǿһ֮¶Щ϶޻εضԺһǣ
飡
һ죬һƮˡ
ԷʱİԿյ֮׼ԤϣħȻֶθ̲סһһСʮű䡿һ
һ֦棬΢΢һЦһɽׯĽȻףСȫʩչĪ̫ɨ˲źá
һ䣬Ʈ𣬺Ȼһʮ⣬һٻצȭڻȥ
һӶԷͬһƫг׼ȷڵѸ׵һȭϡ

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ħŷڵѧʮű䡿ĵطٶȡ
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Դһĸ֣෢㼲ӹŵľ塣
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ֶݣжʧ
ɴ˿ɼġʮű䡿εȳ̶ȡ
һ̾ȴǺ޾ɫбʩչعӰʮƲһ֮󣬿Ϣƽһȥ
һ룬һХƵķ潣ͬʱ𣬲ӿȥ
ر溮ޱȡ
⽣ʣڴ߱ƳġϵҲͺʣһ˲䶫·֮УѪͽⶼ÷Ķʱ½ȼ
벻ڻдУúáݰ㼱
溮Ľȫ۵ļתжܡٿ䣬ڻؿײȥٶ֮죬Ѹȡ
΢΢һЦ浹תԽĿ˶Էһ⡣
ڵʯ֮䣬ֽ棬˲佻˰ϣȫԿ죬մ䲻ݷ
ԽԽľССͣʮ㣬ǡعӰʮԽӣԽԽǿߣͷŵı亮ҲԽԽ䣬ֻ˫һսѹԽԽͬʱԽԽ䣬жҲԽԽٻ֮䣬Ǻֱðڣζ
ֶ̱ӣľڹ಻òȡԪĻᡣ
䣬ƮҪݵϢȻŻս
Ҳò˶٣ٶ̫ˣȵʱ䶼ơŽۣ𽥰ƣʱԷٿȻˣ֪ʱʧǱԷԼսؽභ֮С
бҪԸոһˣ
üĿһʮеĽٴμۣ⴦ʱҫʮǰҫۺ⣬Žһָݡһѳһ㲻㼦Сʮֹâڶ㲻ŵĿ£ֱӿɾ룬Լλã
ɢͷرܣٶȿƱ̬ġʮű䡿ȴɱ֮΢΢һžһ±һѪâ۵ʱ޷˶

㺧Ȼ֮ʣ벻仹дμٽΪġʮű䡿˰裬أѿתҪطӶȥ
ڽʮ彣ڣĵ֮תѭŶӰ׷ȥ


136 Ĺɮ
ʯڱײʮץһزٵɳ
ͬЭĪ˵ʯţҲһֵס
һյʯǵһʱĪĲҽʯڵԲѹرգѭУɽĸء
һ·ƳŻһЩڵײ㣬һʯͷŻ
ҵײɽڶֱУͷȻƴȫ
ԭڲѪڸѻƲصص֮У˳ص񱼡
䣡
һʯűײһʯһۿڹϵĪ
ƺɺһ㣬ײŵͬʱԭڹŤҽвֹĪͻȻһ𣬵ͷˡ

˵صĸ·
ʱĪͷɢ·ҵƣ쳣̱ϣһ˵ļûС
콣߻һϺȣ
߻ǿҵĺǿ־壬ųǰһֱߵĪǰԷûһ˿һķӦ͵һ̳һжԷλã
Īһ޷Ӧ

˶ʱ벻ôҺĪôˣñ˷֮࣬һЩʧУ
߻˫ֲĪʬ죬մһնͷҪնԼ޶
ۿ壬ҪԭʬĪ͵̧ͷһХ߻һʱ׼ŵõ
ֻĪԭ˶ϲݣȻٴλָʱģֻǴʱĿϺɫѪɼ˫ŭڱѪɫ⣬迴ӼֱƮѪеһ̫
µĪŭŵĴУԭͨĿȮݣ쳣ͻѪһ㡣

˶ǾΪŮӵԻ̸ǽһ
ԶĽһƲã춯ɱ
ٿȻɢþĪڶֶֺʱѣԼͬسȻڹϵĪɱǰȥ
ɱ
Īĸ߻һ𣬷һٴκնԷ࣬ûϵĪһţֱӱ㽫߻ľֽҧһ£㽫Ǿֽҧöѿ
Ī񱩵Ȼϵۣȫ飬񱩵ʱĸ߻˳ȥ
ĿУĪǰγѪɫͺɫͬ˰ӿ˺۾Ǹ߻ղŴ̴ĽˣҲǰϣʧ
ΧĪǰ쳣ۺ񣬲ٳǰֶֺ赲⣬޷Ī𹥻

Ľڸϵһ˿ֳһµݹĺ۵糸һһ
һѾԾʮɵǰĪŭȻͷʱ͵һץ͹ٿȻ㱻У£Գԭ͡
ĻĿɿڴؿŶԷһץסԼȫһߵĪɭȻһЦˮתӣΣ
Ļδ𻰣Ī͵һŤһ죬ӦϣĻ座ȻˣĪһЦֵĶϽһһѪɫƵ˲ĻֻһȻԼϣܿƵ䡭
飡
ͣƵʱȴԼĪһιǣǱεضǽ֮ϡ
벽񻰣
Ļֻû˵仰
һУȫԾ
ĪЦѪɫͬںХ״ͬħ٣һԼ۰۵˫֣ȵãúãӤħѪӽħʬıԴ֮ѪȻٿȻתͷڳľһֺ֣ͲҪˣǵѪ񹦣

Ҷһ·УѾʷĽ£Ϊɽ޴ĻһɽָķҲͬʶȫû
һɽĿģһǾˣڶǲħ
ӱ²Ĺͽͺе֪ʷħžڷ硢ѪĴۼΪٻ˵һǼڿƵзͥ·ҵĴзһĿܡ
ɱץסȫһ⣬ԭҪҩСֱɱĵһȻСҩײпĳһڣȺħʱʧɫط˲طȵʵ
ȺħԷΪʣǿб佻ʦ䣬ΪȺħ
Ҳӣħþְ취޷еõһϢֱʷ̽飬˷֮󣬱˹ͽͺһ·٣˺
ħĴµʵͬڣҶҲұ֤潻кεȽһ·˼Ҷʷ֮ԼǱ룬ѰҷɱصλãֱӾˣ˵Ӧɡ
һҶԷʩΪй¶Ҳɴߣܱһ𹥽ȥôðǿ
Ĺͽͺ˸ۣûħعȷλãҶˣҲ뵱ȻΪħŻرڷ嶥ĵ֮ڡʶһ֣Ҷһ·ǱУѸ˷嶥
ӭһƲ˰ߵĹţһңҶӣĨȥɫ¶ƹۡ֡
ˮ
ü˵òۡ
۴ʱˣҶ֪ħܻأδ׽ۣϸ˳ɽ磬ƺɨصɳɳ졣
΢н࣬ľûһŷĽɽɲ֮Уһʱ
ҶʩչṦŵһ֮󣬹ϱڲ޶ˣֻһɵӰͥԺɨأ˺أƳ֮ˣͨߡ
Ҷɻ󣬴˾ǺηʥȻĽҰȥɨһĵۣҴ˵ħŻأв书ڴأ
ҶɻһǰͥŲһ㻺ڡ
˿̫嶥£ĵ۴֮ǰһλ¥Ļɮרһ־ڴɨͥ԰
У
һڴɨͥԺ
ֵĳôôΥͣŹ֣
Ҷ΢΢һЦʦ磡
ɮɨɣŷ֪Ҷһ㣬죬Ҳת²˹ĵʱʩ侪š
Ҷ֪ͨУֻϧԼȫ̽ⲻԷվǰķŷһнľϺУǶԷľ糬Լ̫࣬ﵽ񻰾ϲпܡ
ڴ˵ػôƵеľ֣
ҶȻΪԼ㵹ù
ҿһۣһԵĴһʯʣȻ£ɮӰ̲סЦʦס˵СӺǺ棬һĵۣôסһС


137 ɽ
Ҷѯǻɮɨƽȵڵ滬ȻƶɮĺΪңҲյ˴˼䣬һ޷ģԴɨͥԺȨ֮ʷѰɡ
Ҷ棬ʵΪ裬治𣿡
ҡҶǳңšŽСֻҪ徻з֣֮кгֱ֮𣿶ô˵㣬ǳűǳţƽǷġ
ҶȻʦγƺ
Ϻ˫ֺʮתƶɮ
Ҷ󾪣Ǵ¡ʦ
ƶɮ
Ҷɴ۾ϸһֻɮüףׯ͸֮һٳϴء˫Ŀ뿪գԶĪ侲ֳԽѪо
ҶڴʱҶȴҶļµĸо
֪ΣҶӿԷ׿ɽĸоŶԷǱ⡢деĸɮ
Է˵ҶȻ˲ͬûвһ˿һĻɡ
ҶһʱΣݵԭʦѹʶ֮̽飬ȴȫӦʦ֪ĻΪǲ书ͨɮȴ벻ʦӦѾ֮
ʦ΢΢һЦʩˡƶɮ˳֮ˣѧֹɱ֮ܣվɱ֮Ķֹֹġ
ҶֻȻдʦ緶˵Ȼֻǲ֪ʦᵽʷ壿
̾ϢһʦŲңд˵أĲò桭ϧһ֮ʱԶȥˡ
ʦ
֮££⸣УԵӷա
ҶԺڨЦһʦ˵
ʦ΢ЦΪʩԵشԵոڴ˴ɨȴͻǿʶӹǻۿ˾ǿϲʩйҷŴǻྭ飬д˳ɾ͡
벻ԷһӳԼѧϣҶЩȻʦȻѧǷžѧʶܶĦڭǾ
δ䣬ʦ˫˹âʲô˵ĦʲǱǾ
ҶԷеĹâһæⱾ飡ʦ
һЦ˫ֺʮӷƶɮˡ벻ȻʩڴʦĸѧδʧаοʩҷԵȻˣգա
ҶȻĦʲԭڷΪʦ֮һΪͥĦʲڴ˲£˵ǴʦһëûС
ֻ֮ǰ˵Լѧ⣬ôͻȻֶ⡾ʶܶĦڭǾ˹ģ
Ҷвɻ󣬽˲ðһ亹ԭͻȻ뵽˫μ֮ʱԷе񣬴ʱ𣬶ԷʲôԼشʲôûһ˿һĻɡ
ʲôʱԼôûжˣ
Էƺʲô⣬ѵһӰ˾طɣ
Ҷʱɣʱ֮ǰԼжȫƷ÷⼯С
ǰУ˭ܲԷʵ²ʦҪԼһãпܵԷУֻǴʱԷԱʶܶĦڭǾһʱʧأ¶š
ԼΨһᡣ
˼䣬ٴ΢ЦʵʩҷԵ֪ǴӺεõھѧأ
ȻϾ
Ҷжּؼ֣ȴõⱾľһ飬ȴزŭh󡱵顣
ʦطǳ͢˾ͥξġӵ󷨡֮󣬶ʱ˳ĬУǲԾҶεһһ˿ɱ
ã˵Ҫɱˣ
Ҷ֮æһתִⱾֻǷʶеʶͶʶڱʶûܷɹ
ΪΣ
ΪľõĶдһǷӴ½ϵԶģ˵ˣҲǷ벻ҵİ취
ʲô취ʵѧȫⱾ飿
ǵȻ
Ϊ˻Ҷæһһʩչǿʶļ־ʦһ飬֤Լȷû˵ѡ
ʦʱͷȥĬţҶȴѾ֣˫֣Щ΢΢
ˣһǷѧʦ
ʱʦƬ̲Ĭз𾭣ʵֻǷɱָɵҶ
Ҷⰵн䱸δʱʦţҷȱ벻ھлؼգȻǷ滤ӡ˹ǻۣ֮ѧǿϲֹһ˹֮ڷΪ֮Ϊ䡣ϣһʩܹ˾󡭡
زʦ
Ҷһ񣬶ͷȴǼ˺Ρ
ˡʩԵټʦС
Ҷಽζתܣȴѡ֣ԼôĶ֪
ڴˣǰȻ֮¡
ʲôˣ
ҶһٿȻ˹ȥ
µʦҶӰ˫Ŀ¶ɱһԥڷ
һ˦Ȼʧ

׷Ŷ㣬һ·ʷɽ
ۿƱڲԫ֮䣬һͷĴٿȻ׷ٶȴ㶵ΪʱĴ֮ϣֻһȴжӰӣ
ɻ䣬ȻӺһƿ죬ٶ֮죬жʱֳѸ׵ľṦ
һгٿȻ˳ȥһʱһֱӴ֮ˡ
˽һۿҪ壬Ȼһףȴ˵֮УΪ֮һϣоȻһ˿޷߱ƳʮâѸ
سȴδϵԷ˳ԼٿȻƿֱһƺԼš
һæ⣬Էһơ
δ˫һϮ壬ڱܵ·һϮֱСһȴȻһͣһϤòϤҿڣ
׼˵ʱҲȻסǰףҶ֣㣿
´˶Էһۣһʵô⣿
仰ͬʱһ֡
ҶЦЦţٿȻһת˫΢΢ҵﰡղŲû
ʲô£ڼʣղſˣ
ʲô㣿Ҷ㶣ʵ
ħŷڵûǡ
ݵġҶָָߣյղһװʦϺУʵɲ⣬˵©ˣҸɱˣ
УʲôģڶʱɽµĹֹ


138 ڸ
ҶòһһںһһţѽҵҶ֣㱻ƭˣ
Ҷ֪ʦ
ֹˣڴǴµͽʦʦܡħɮԹʵȻ߾Ҳû񻰾Ϊڵ˾ͽ࣬龳Բһ࡭
Ҷʱһôˣ̽ʱ֪ϵ˿Ϊҵ۾
ΪԹһŹܹȫǱĸҲ֮ơ
ҶȻ벻ϾȻбȡǱϢ书ϻͷ´μһŹ
Ϊ벻˾Ȼڴˣ絽һǰĳҲܱˣ
ʲôǰҶס̲סʵ
̾Ϣһ·ԼжһһͬʱҲ˵׷ٶȴҶĽ
Ҷޱȣ벻ɱֹ־Լ棬ԼȴŹԷĪ̬ŵû亹Ƕˡ
쵰´μҶժͺͷΪǰѪޣ
Ҷҧгݣŭѡ
ڼʵȲṫǰԹͺղ㿴𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷ
̾˿㽫Ѫħ¼򵥸һ顣
Ҷüͷ壬ĿһۣҲŸȴ㡭˵һʲôܵŶԣ
ǿң˵
ġҶٺһЦ̽뻳ͳһڹܣҺ˰æ
ڵʱԭҶкԮ
һźŷϰգһ컨ը̧ͷۿͻȻһ죬һӰ·˳

ͬһʱ̣ںҶһһҵسԣһĶԷҶȻʵѣ
̧ͷһ㶣ȴǸòСͷսսɨ˶һۣںæͷңңĻ𹤵ˣЮ֣ӳ
ںٺһЦһļ򣬳װòѪħѣĽƺõͦ찡
СͷǱˣӴܵѻʱ˷ݺ󣬵ʱ󾪣ŷҪߣȴҶһס̴ӰӿԷڣӲɵһʼͣ鴤
ͻʩڤ񹦡Ҷ֣ĶԷŵò԰׵ףЦ֪ʲô𣿡
ΪħˣѻʱŹǡħŵͷ
Ҷ˵ͷ˻þãɾٵķʹǻȥѪħɣ

ɱ
Īεվ˫һչԱߵԻ̡Ķ˾ȻɵʮǽϣЩֱײ
˻δأ͵һģһѪɫֱѹ£ĽֵʱѪס类һ㣬һʱá
ĪһЦٿȻ߬
һѪɫڵȫɢѣΪѪ⣬һΪһȭͷѪֱӱĪ븹УһĨѪɫϢɵ׳һݣͬʱЦʹ죬ʹ죡
ŵô󺧣ʳ˽Ĺǳܽܵ˵ģ
ֱǵĶ٣Ϊ˼ֻ
ۼĪһתٴˣĻ嵥һǽڣʱѳ֣ͬʱߺҿɢ
һ£Ⱥɢֿͬʱаĸ֣ͶһƬкĪϧѪɫһתӶľͣסŷһ㡣
ſ£õĸ߻ͬһʱ̣Īһǣ
ƬԸ͵ٶɽ˼ʱſض㿪һ٣вܣԾеĺ֣ʱ׶壬һʱֳһƬҺѪɫ
ĪЦʱһĿӰٿȻ˹ȥһȭ£
ǡ𡱽
ͬʱҲֲҪسɱͼסĪһʱƬ̡

ĪһƣѪɫһ㽫ɨ˳ȥͬʱǼĸ֣ȫѶ
һƬѪɢ
ĻĽԻ̵ǹĵ֡͸Ѫ꣬ͬʱϮ
ĪһȣͷϵѪУϵһһѪɫâ͸ʯĪǰһδεĽߣֻǱнģȴֻнûнûпУɼˣǹϢĺ
Сģ
Ļߺһв֪ӺѰľֽҫۺ⣬ӿٵֱĪ࣡
ǿ߻۾ɱ¶ͬʱǰȥֹ
ʱκһսʧ
ɼˣ˵ķӦҲǳ񣬵ȻĪĽ
һӤУƮĪǰĽɲǱѪɫһѪɫȥ˲䶴ˡ֡ĵƣͬʱ̴ʺ
ߴʺŭɵ˫ۻδպϣѪɫ裬˷ȥ
Ի̻Ȼ˴ȺС
Ļ屻һ𣬴絽ߵһѪ۸֣㱻Īһ롭
ͬʱһ⣬жʮ˵Ľ֣̼㵹Ī¡
ĪĽ󣬶ҽǼݷһħƳɲǣŷаһԿܣΪ֮ԳͻȻ˺ܶν£˴գҲȻ˵ֵ
ĪЦ񲣬ҵġӤħѪ񹦡ҵġѪӤܵУЩˣøԽ
ħ죬Ѫӳ䣡
ĪΪעħѪ㹦ĻͽҲܲסǿͬʱҲܲǡѪӤħ԰εֵȴҪ¡
ĪѾչͥŲһնɱЩ֣ҽ䣬Щһһ¡
ûֵܹҲûֹܹĻͽҲܹ
ĪѾ޵дڣֻʣޱ߾׵Ŀ־塣
ĻѾ⣬ٲߣֻҲҪڴ˵ء
Ա߲ԶԻ̣ʱȻģǹָĪһ߳ǰȥ
Ļ費̲סһɥĪ֣֮
ĪĿ뽣ͬʱԻ̽ϣһԻ̵ĳǹϣԻһ౻𵹵ϣĪһת¡
ӤУԻ̱ϣۿһ£ɢ㣬ۼҪɥ¡
ڴʱһϮһ죬ֱӽĪġѪӤƫͬʱһǿڵϵԻĪ࣡
Ի̾ѹĿһԼȴѾһòڵĵʿУԷרע񡢽׳ı۰Եζʱλҹ㷼һ׼ҪллԷ֮ʱǵʿ˳һžߴԻһƨԱߵĵϡ
ҶļʱĪѪ
ߵҶߣ첲ӾҪĪɼܣע⵽һ绨ѩµ


139 ħѪ
ĪԻ̵һҶ˲䵲ס䲻ݷ֮ʾŮһ
ҶһȴĪŭĿԲ˷쳣ȵȻ㡣̫ˣ춼ھңⱨѩ޵Ļᣡ
ĪҶˣǱĽˣ㶪Сһγۺ죬Ī书Ĵʱ̣Լ˼ҹ붼ҪسУܲ˷Ī
ҶһȻϣⲻǵ𱻴󣬵ܵôôø۲ͰڿϳĺӶǱˣ
Ҷ̣̬ḡʱĪ
ҶѵСĵ㣬书ȴ̼Сʵ䷴
Ҷü֪Ҳô޷עֻа벽񻰵ľ磬ֻעлˡ𡭡Ҳˣ
Ȼǽһ࣬ͣϢڵĽ壬̾һᶨõľ˰취ɱĪŽȴ߬øˡ
Ҷ쿴ڣȴеĹִ֪Ȱ˵棬һԼĪ
ҶҪѪ⣡
һչ֮;˫ӣѪɫɹ촦һ־̫Īһס˲ӣһţʬǻѪѪȫ¶ĿѪһڳȺ۾Ѿ˱ıԵ
вʧɥӣ޿ȻĪȻǿǰ
ĸ֣ҲûԵĶϰߣĪ̬ҶҲǿƤֱҿɢҪν
ͬһʱ̣ҶѸޱȵĪͬʱ˫ʹ񽣡ľУ콣׷״˷ϮĪ
ĺã
ĪһХѪ㣬ѪӤѪҶĽָǰһ㣬δεĽ߶ʱһĨѪ⣬ֱҶüģ
һٶȫҶ󣬾ȻܶΪ֮
һĨѪէ֣̱㵽ǰ
ۣ
Ҷһʳָָǰһ̽䲻ݷ֮ʣסǷĽߣ

类һڵУǰ˵ҶʱõɳȥȻһֱʮʯ֮ϣʯڵʱݽһΡ
Ҷָм䣬ɼĪǶһѪѪâҫĹУ߲ǰҶȫ񶼼еһ㣬ӲѪӤ
ͬʱҶ콣ͬĪ߳ѪɫϣߵѪɫֻ񽣡Ľ֮һͬϢĪһУѪɫʴתۻΪС
벻ԼɥĽѾȫ˺ԼĪıӲȺ۷
ৣ
ҫ۵İ׹еӵһ𣬽ƶʱǿֱĪ
ףعӰʮ
Ľ廹
Ī쿴ȥһŸ۵ףϵġعӰʮһֱĽഺķʽӹӺ޹˼ɡ·س
⽣ƣ˵ǸĽǸڹأ˵ǸĽǰȡ
ĪЦһڣߺߣе˼
ڽʮϵӣǿͬʱĪԵȻи˼ġ
籩ĹڶʱסĪ
һҶڽӴѪӤһɲǣЮǿˣͬʱһۻ˳Žľһ·ʴһ·ƻߣħһӤңһʱԼע
ĽӴҶСһɲǣ˵ֿĹڤ񹦡任Ϊ̫Ԫɫһֵ֣סѪʴͬʱһʨӺ𡿣ѹסˡѪӤħĪڲסҶڴϢָĽһ˦綾֮һ㣬˳ȥһһǽڽɾ룬ȻһٴĪ
ڵĽѾȫʩչĪͥŲһȴɶԷȫ߱ߵ㣬ϷŪһɽׯһչѧȻó⽣ʱһٽĨɱǿ߽һɽׯڸֵġ
ʮһʮʮ
ڵĽϽԲת⣬ȷѾ˽ҵĵز⿿ҼҴİĽֿܹĪ벽
ׯСģ
ȵǡ𡱽Ϊ֮ĵĲڳи֣Ի̡߻һֱĿתؿһС
ڳеľ޲ΪĬĬ漣
ЩУҲֻ׵Ľ壬Ϊӣ

ĪЦ̵úúãһɽׯףΪʲôĴºŽС񡯣ǡСˡĽĺܣһǴϵúˣ
Īؿ佱üͷȺ۰ԾĿɿڴĽɫˮ
ʹعӰʮ֮Դĵʮн֮ʱĽ˫۱ֱ벻Լһ̫עĶӣڽϾȻԣ̳İļ彣Ȼ﷢һнΪ֪ŽĽ壬Ȼ֪еѶȣɴ˸ףԼӵҪ߳Լһֹһ
յ˫ָ֣ѾУѾ߬ѪһζԼһ򿴲Ķӣ䱸
ʮĽʹʱ綼ѾʼĪҲٿȻһͣƶһ˿ѣĪɫһ˿仯Լȫ͹һɽׯĶ棬ȷнʱ·ȲĽҲĽ壬ȫԼ
ȻܹԼ½Ͼ̫ˣĽҲһЩвв龳Բİ벽񻰸֣
Ī¶һ˿аЦ⣬һֻҪڽҲʱˣ
Ѿ߬צһʳָѪɫĿ׼ľڵࡪ
ҪͳԷ࣬븹һɽׯӵѪζǲһɰ
ĪոƻʱڽüͷͻȻһеʮн֮δı仯
磡
ݺᡪ
عӰʮĵʮ彣
˵ǰʮĽĽֻĵӣôʮѾһ磬Ŀ죡
۵һ
书޼᲻ƣΪ첻ƣ
û˵仰ȴ仰ĵ
Լ϶֮ľ˼չ⾰һУȫʩչ
ʮ彣һĪͻȻŵһѪζһԼѪζ
ԷһֱʺδԼ羱ƤµѪܣѾƵѿѪζǴڲݵܼ䣬ģ
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143 
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144 ͼ
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ĪŭһֻҪĪѪҺƱȻȬ湦ʱ֮䣬˻Ҷ֣ɽֺõ·飿ʤϻ˵ٶµصʱ䣬ĪȴԸ
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һһֱ߳ſڣʤͣλСѣҵΪֹպҪСĵ㣬Щ˱嵱͢ڼĪҲûʲô˿ǵǡɱܡ
æǰǰǷ񻹼ǵҶʦ𡭡
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ǰȻϳԣʦɽеĲطȣĪһšӤħѪ񹦡벽֮ǰðȻӦսҪԿġ
Źʤɫһ䣬ʱһ
ˣҸܲ֡ʤɫأղŽ֣̽ˣϢȣȻȻ߳һûȡʤգǵȴվãʳѪҺָ죡
ǰ󼱵
ʤЦǺǵؿŷ࣬ʧܣĪѪҺȫô
Ҳ˼󾽣æͷ
İɣһķĪתӶǵǻȥҶСѰɣ˵ϷȥһĻԵĳǷþҸطúóһ١
࿴ʤӰŵȰҲȰס
ˣӻȥ¸֮ʦǣҸ˳ҵͶ
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׾ʸ׾֮жôǿʱգ⡰׾ʵǡΪŶԡ
һλŭΰԴǷԼʮӣǴ˵еġɽʸ׾˿·Գ
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֡дмζҪ֪ɽ֮ڣˡħɮԹ֮⣬һλ֡ߣλ磬ĪħŸһʱ˱ȥߡ
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ɽʸ׾ŭһͼλʥǱĸ֣Ƕ˲õڡﵡʤߺߣʤɡ
仹˵ȥ䲻һķι˳ͬʱһӶ˱Ĵȣүʶô壬ٶ˵䣬öȳɹ»Ұ
ͬʱͷȴаӰ̲ס񺮵ٴλͷȴһھװŹߵݺѾ˿֮ϡ
ʹʱ󾪣ȵʲôˣү
δ䣬һתžһ죬һѾͬʱ˶ϡ
һתĶλϣһҡͷԶÿķǳ
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붫ͬδţ޷Ӧ
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ÿһѱϵƶвͬص㣬̩еϵǡơϿšơӵзԣٶһ绨ġħȡϿ¼ǰƣͨͻ裬Խӡ
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ؽʦͽĹץʱˣҶˣһһػȡɱĪֶΡ


149 ַ緶
ͬˣͬСתתתӳ֮֮δ֮һ䣬ɽһ䣬ˮһ䡣Ǭ༤༤༤壬ɾš
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ҶȻҲɴ˽⵽ҡعӰʮľ裬Ҳѧ˵ʮĺʮ彣һ;ϣܵ˼άȴԶûڸܵôǿҡ
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ҶԺ÷ѩĻ棬ĽԶʹǸɱĸ֣Զ޷Խִ
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æڣԲλ书ȷǸ˫ʥžУΨв书ǵ΢ȻԸʥžλ¸ֽһˡ


150 ѳ
㰵һﲻ֪ôԱҲҪѵһ
ȭˣߴͽ̡ǿȴսζһһԵĳߵġ
ʸ׾Ȼ֪ĪĸҲ뿴⼸λǧŪħкξҵһҲö¶һ֣סڸ֣պĺıҵݵ㵽˺˵˽ɫ¶ֻǳ滰Ҫý黳
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һɽׯʱĽλΪ˵ĻѾǸЭ飬ֶԸӥˣתۼ䣬λԸϳ͢ʾãѾ²뽭ϳ͢κѪͻ
һɽׯ²˴󲻽⣬Ҳв˴ׯڵжжĻ⵹ϳ͢
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154 ӭɳͻ
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ڳ뽭ʱļλѣҶһֱмӣߵȻҲжš
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λֱһԽﵣжϵ
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162 ǰ
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ĽӹһɣǺ죬ʶǰһƬ⣬˶Ŀ
ԭ̫ģʱһҿָۣһȻ죬һ˲ɢȫ˶Ǿȳ̾ѡ
Ǳ̲ס̾ĪҲɵüΪע⡣
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ʸ׾Īһۣı鿴۵ףͬʱ΢΢һЦȻϷ
ĽƷڴʱͻȻݵһγԼ彣ͬǺֱ䣬͹׾ԲǷƷ
ʸ׾һǡ
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δʣѾָһ͵һУԼǰѲ׵彣жϣпڴ⻬羵Ǳиٿɽ彣ȴ˿
ȷǱ̾ǰֵظͣ
ʸ׾һ亹ѽȷصı֪Ȳ³çĹ飬ֲʧһС£ղŻº˵Ǳ棬Ϸݲȥˡ
ѽȷûǰ¶ӡ
ʸ׾Ц˵⽣ǲˡ
ʱԱ߷ЦɹȻʼį˵ǼһԶûУʲô
ĶʱɫһǲмʲôϷԾ㶼ǴĶȷΪѽҪ֮ģû뵽С˲֪ôȻԼжϡ
ֻһ䣬ɱĶ
ʱĻʸ׾ȴǴΪ˷ܣкСѶи˼⣬ˣȥСƷ
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163 
Ľۿ׿ɾԼ롢ֻٵԼŮˣ̲ס㣿ô֪
׿һˣϾܷɽʲôù׿󣿡
Ľɽݼʦ̫ȷ޷
λƷ绪ˣĽֻຮŮ˾Ͷ֮䣬ĪŮ֮⣬ȷ֪Ըǿ˺£̺ƣ鴦ĽҲզ಻ѣ硣
ңòˡ׿ü̾
򲻼к壿Ľ꣬Һȡ裬ϷǸ֮λȢһɽׯһɣұ޸ɸ꣬ʵвֵ֮ʮ꣬ȻԶߣҲѴףлкγ
ཻʮ꣬ѵûһ֮飿׿ʵ
סڣĽƣ¶Ҷȥ
һŮӣ㽣λȣҪΪĽģ书ʮ꣬Ͳ
ĽĿȻתҪΪ书˾Ͳɱ㣡
׿һݣɵһᣬôоֻһ㣬ѵͲҵ⣿
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ĽľȻת鼤ʵ֪ȥģ
ʦĻӦûȥǸطɡ׿ЦһϾʦϲСʦãʦ˼᲻֪ء
ĽλãΪɱˣɱ˭ҶΪ
׿ߣ촽ִĽڣĽ¶ϲͻȻɫ
ȥɡ͵ʮ꽻սᣬΨһΪ飬ؽʲô׿˵
Ľ쿴һۣȻ벻Ƶ׿дȻв²ʲôıƣΪ˰ޣĽԥ˵ͷȻɽȥ
׿ĽӰʧɽ֮䣬ٿȻһ˶ɲǱóĬ֮ǰŮǿ˵ļƣ΢΢һ֮̾ʱѡңʦ㡭¶᲻ͬɡ
һ׿֮ɫٿȻٴαǿƿһеķǸĽüֵֻʣѰֿƵһ;ߣȻҲʰġΪȡһʱɡ
תȥӥɽһˡ

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⼸仰ûͷûԣ˶󲻽⡣ĪͿɽȴ֪ʶߣȻǿ˽к⣬ͬʱ֮ˣҲ˵̫ס
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ʱɻش𣬡ħɮԹͻȻڵʩϣǷΪŴˣ
״¶ע飬Թйֵȷʵˡ
ô˵ʩԵ̫ǡطȡĲؽඣ
ʦǼŹ㲩֮Ĭϡ
벻ĪĲ²ⱻ֤ʵոշɵ۶òͬͬʱĬ֮С


164 ҹӪ
벻ǰ꾹ȻʧٰĲؽ˵ӣд˼Ȼ䲻֮
ɽʸ׾Ϊ˷ܣ򶨵صԸۡ
ӷ𣬷ԣΪѽ׽ħɮԹ˫ֺʮʵ
˲ӣ΢΢ΪѽѪ֮ɷȻƷȣ飬֮վñ濴ƽ洦ʵѾ־нΣա
˻ȻʣΪţҲ˲ʵϾͷǹߵΣȷ֤ݣҲǻƿС޻̸֮
Ҫ֤ݣףתĪλʦ黹Сɵҩ
ҩ
˶¶ı顣
Ī˵ͷȻħŵӷһʵССͷͨҩɽҩ֮õҩ
ֻûԼҩһſɽµıε¶һĪ΢ЦҪ֤ݣ֤λһעˣ
һ䣬ҩ͵һӣֱֺյı


һبռĹ߻СҩȷػбĽһ֮󣬽ҲڲŵĿ֮£ȻѣžһѿֻһѽڷУ佣飬ڵ֮ϡ
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ղŻһնϱȻһССҩǰ鿪һ֮ǰԽ֮٣˷ӦҲȻ˾ҡ
Īһ޵ɹȻֶΣ
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Ҫ֪̫ҲˮƽҲûһɴ˿ɼɵҪ̶ȡ
ҹ˾
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Ī֮ǰչ̫Ӵʶϵá
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չһ˫ʹӥצâŽâġĪȥ
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չ˹ӣ֪ƲᣬĪɱղܣš
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Ī̤ݵأպաչеԷÿһ̤ϵʱضƺҡһ£֪ԼΪԷħ㣬æ־׼ǰһʯ쾪ķ
ĪзֵУ䵽չУӤ֮һʱԺзͷת־ɣȻԷħ֮ڡ
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ĪһʩչѪ书벻ЧȻȻԷ΢֣µХһһȭֱȡԷѡ
չѳɣХһӭŶԷצȥѾɥľ
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165 ҹ˾
չΣ֮ʣԱͻȻһˣֵֿĪħ
Ҫֶ֪ݣѷѽʱݵ߲룬ҲѲֽȥŪþͻᱻԼ˵˼ȴչǧٴһ㣬һϵ޷졣
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Ҷεֻ˼ĬĬȴպıˡ

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ϣ㲻Ҫҵ̫ãϷ濴µıӰ˵

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ꡣ
ˮˮֵбϳɴкĽǰ֯һˮˮ庮ʹ̨һƬˬɽСֵĳȻڳ֮ϡ
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طаҲֵļ䡣
İΪҡ
ļҡ
ӷ𣡡һƽ϶𣺡ʩǺο
Ľ۹ɽɵԶתǽߣٻתͷһϵŵһϸϸߣʦǲϼң
ͬǸߣȻһǺ쳾һǳҡ֪ʩҪڴϵ´˸ߣԸ᲻ʩһԡ
Ľɫǿѹ³ڵ˼ʵû˵ҪӲȥΣ
ʩ书µһ˵һߣһֳ赲ܵ㼸ʱ򲻽һġ


166 ȥԵ
Ľɫǰߣֻϵˣʮ⣬ǰľᴫУֻҪǰһײϺߣüޣһ̾˳ȥƾʪ͸ȫȴǺ⡣
ģĪڴˡ
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ҲʵĽߣֻǰĽ
᱾Ȱο䣬Ů鳤֮ȴȴһ䣬ʩϵ°Σ纮Ī
Ľ΢̾ʦˣһһģǰȷҪĽ˭Ҳûء
ᵭ»кܶµȴʩȥʩԵΪնϳԵĻ㣬ˣȥдбĹݡ
նϳԵֲϵȱһؽģһص书𣿡Ľⲻϲֱõĸоŭʦǳ֮ˣҲŴѹˣ˵˵𣿺ߣħǷֽǷͿ̿Ľƨ£ƵҪսĽžǣΪĲʲô壬ֻĽϲ
Ľһ԰Ը˸ܵˣʲô´壬ʲôΪ룬ȫȻںһ֮⣬ֻںԼ
˽ȻᣬˣûʲôԣֻҪȥˡ
΢΢һЦƶ᲻˼ƶȴ֪һ
Ľ㣿Բ顭
ȷʵˡʦ̫ݵϣسɽΪĲ´壬ֻϣܶ༸ϣ
ĽһɫٴתãǿԿԼ̾ϢնϳԵ̸װ
Ľӹһֵͷ⼴ʹţǷѹԼԻ˼֮飬նϳԵ³Ϊأ
һĽͷ˷һۣ߶ʦˣȻڴģĳǣңҲˣ
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ʦ̫ɫ΢΢ЩĽٴһ߳Ե֮⣬ҲԵȥҲԵʩˡ
Ľŷ顢ż˾ɲǲͬһչˮȻ𿪣ͬʱϵˮҲ͸һЦ˵úãҲԵȥҲԵѾǵǳϲá
쳤ЦУĽʧɵ⡣

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ȣһҪȡҶ΢΢һЦһǻҪϤԣһ棬ӶʱαǡǽӶѾһˣûκζ֪̽Щ˵뷨жäĿжпܻٲ֮С

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о䣬ϢȴǺ춯һԵҶָ󽣾͵ͬ˿һ̽סĽ

߲˿֪һߵϣѾʼ΢΢ˣҪ֮زز
㡭ǹȻһ֮ѣԱߵɫɲǲ԰ףбѡ
ԷǼΪҲ֮ϣʵ̫ǿˣȻΪУȴû˸ĵ
ҶָֻǶ飬˵ʦⳡǷȴûҵ
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ţΥġ
ɫһеķ࣬ʱɢ޼ʡ
°꣬ڿϳˣ޸ɮȣһȺۣϷ𷨸βмʡ
ʦԺ⣬ڰʩһ񣬽ŵڰʹʦԶȴӭӲ
ڰͻ΢磬ڵüʦݣƶɮο
粻ʱ˸
ңŭ
ʦʱת΢Цʦˡĵڸɮãйʧʶߣɣȴڴ˵ؼʦǷȱ


174 ޳ҪЮ
ʦ˵󣬲һ˿̻֮ŭɶԵ÷ûȣһˣ׷̾ʦӷѧϱǿ鲻ֹһ
֪ھѧˣȴ֪ڷѧСħ࣬ԽǷŭԽǿڹķϱԿߡ
ڷԶƵ΢ЦǴȱҲǾ򣻶ڷ񣬴󲿷ֶĿֳŭ״߳ħħ¡
ʶԽǷŭҶ˱Խǲӡ
ϺУһ֮꣬ܰԼѾ֮Ƿһ䣬˭ڣ֮ǵȺһƬȻ
ǰ֮ĴսһֱΪֵ벻ʱգȻлĿõܶڵĶڴԼսʵǴ̼
ӷ𣡡ʦ΢΢һЦʦˡ
Ҵһ㶣Ҵںδ
ʦڶˣڶȼܶڲͳ֣֮ʦһڷ𷨣кų⣿ʦĦʲһӷӴ½Զ䴫̣ͥкֹ֮٣
ֳһƬѻȸ
ȷˡ
µĵͳ֮Ӵ½ĸɮͬʱҲɮȥӴ½ȡɴ˴ڡڡڡڵȵȷɣôֹͬͬԴڽ̣
ֻʦǰ֮սǷŵͳ֮ʵ֮սʦǼ٣̽Ӳɣ
ڰʹʱԵʦһ֮˽̰ȨڶʵǲӦãӦð
㡭
ѪȴǱ粵÷ֺ
ߣʦ֮꣬ƾɣҲֹڶҲν磬նҪֽʦھѧһ䣬黯Ϊһװȥ

ʦĳ֣˱ᡣ
෴벽񻰵ҪһۣڣҪĿִУ
һߣɽαȸҲ׷ȥ
䶯Ӷ˳׷׳հʦݣЩ˰ѸǷ˸׳죬һ˵ÿһۡ
ӶһС·ϣҶ˹˳ʦ㹻̬߽̻塣
ʦСݵӣͨͨϺУûκ֮
Լ˰ľŻϲʦЦǺǵصڰʹʦжΪ˺뷨
ڰͻЦЦȷʦԣڰԤһڷ𷨡
Ҷһ㶡
绨ֱԵСﲻ˼ҪҹôֵܴкȴȸϺ˵
Ҫ˵Ҷ绨һ£֮²Ը벻ԸҶ֧ڰ£ҲܻڵĹء
ڶʲô¡
Ȼ˶˽ϸֻҪõδִ
ڰΪѩɽಿ乩ҲмӰǲҲζڵȷſڴѩɽ뷨أ
Ҷûеȶã˴𰸡
ֻڰͻƶɮһĺ𷨣;ͳη沢̫ҰģֶΣ˴뷨Ҳϣʦܹʸңôѩɽʮ˲ͳ
һ¿Ҷһ
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ѩɽһֱǴʸ֮ȻϣʮɽǴ˵أʮɽѩɽ֮ȴһĸԣʮ䣬˿ڣҲڰ͵ĳء
ڰһ֮䣬ǽ˶˿ֱʡ
ʦջ󣬲ΪͷǺһЦ֮£Ҳǲúܣⷽ»ҪҶʩæʸһҶʩ˵ϻڷ𷨣ĻǾ仰
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ʦؿҶһۣͻȻҶСѣνħ񾡣ҲӦһʱʧԽ˴򵹣ɾ޷ˡ
仰˵ĪҶǺһЦԭʦѾˣСɻΪסˡ
ڰͻȻ򣬵ޣֲʦңҳֹԭҶʩѾķʽʹˡ
ôҶӣʲô
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ͷҶѾȫҪͨתͨ赡ϵġɡǿд߶ڴڵġعӰʮȻ룬а˳ɰտԲ˶ߡ
û뵽Լ˼ȫУʱֹԼðʧٶ
ʦ̻塣
ʦ˵ͷҶ˵ʮֿģ־
ԭѵóڶ˲ţֻҪЩ˲ɵ£׶Լʮ꣬ԭֱȻŹʡ
Ϊһʱƴòʧ
ԭָ񣬾ΣѵͷҲԶûಫĵز
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ʼţʱ䣬һߡ
ʦΪħҶ̲סʵ
ΪֻΪһˡ
һˣҶ첻ѣ̧ͷԶһָ
ʦҡͷҲ
˳ҶָͷȥԶԶ·ڣħɮԹĸߴʥӳǴ¹һͽɫһʦֹʦˡ
Ϸˣ
Դް˰֣ʾ˴ΧȥҪʦ֣Թ档
֮䣬ԹѾȻ˸ǰ
ɿСʦȣ⡰ħɮüףׯ͸֮ȴǸɮζ֪ϤʵݺҶϸ˫ۣʱܲǹ޵аϢ
ǡħɮԹȻֱ˸ǰ޽ĵʩһֱԲصʦִΪ
ʦкָ̣
Թ˫Ŀ΢΢һգ˵ʦִֻ·
ȴ·
Ҷ˴ȡ
̱Ҫȥ
ҹǰȥ
ִ˼񣿡
֣
˴ʱѾӾȱ˳ĬԹţ˳ӣֻм㱻ħɮƿء
Ȼ
õȷ֮Թħɮص˵ͷʦֶڳʮҶ£ʦߺãʦܲԶˣ
Ĵɮ֮һȻֲˡ
ħɮԹõ𸴣Ȼȥֻ绨˴ѡ


175 Ӧ
Թɮίʵɶ񣡡ԴĴ
Ҷֵܼˣûܹ˵
ҶһǸȻʦҵˣҵȱЮ֣۴ʦܴ˴衭
һЦȻ޷޷Ĳ伸䣬ȴܾһ㣬㣬
Ҷһ㶣ſЦʦûؽ󡣡
ҡͷϧ˵Ⱥħ裬ȴܽˡ˵תֶڰͻڰʹʦΣ˵ػǲ˾Ļת°ɡ
Ҫհʥءڰͻʩʦˡ
ʦڰͻʹԶҶΪ̾
Դ޿˼ҡͷϧʦʵִ̫ˣϲأþֶζԸЩˣɾ̫ˡʡһ
Ҷûط˸ۣʦֶΣ̫˰ɣ
ʲôѵģԴһ۾һգˡնħ
һֻĸɲɣ
Ҷһ䣬תȥ
ιһĸԴ޳ҶӰԭ͵ߵģ
˼һһҶԶԶ
ĵߣꡪԴתͷɨа绨һۣǺЦô˵ʦĵ߱ҵĵ߻Ҫôһ㡭
뷭˸ۣ޳ܣ
˲Դޣһ߿
޳ܣԴڱǿףû±Ͽҡ

ɫƳϡ
ħɮԹڽϣոѹΪв⡣
Լһֱͺѹͷϣ˵ȻʱԼգаţԼУʵ֮ʡ
Ӷ嶼̫Զɽһ£Լһ¶µĹԤܹ׼һ֣ȷʵǱȻ֮١
ֻԹȻ죬ܾЩĸо
ۼҪΧ·ϡ٣Լ˸ˡ
֪ͣ
ۿڸֻҪԼһ۶ԷǺεȸ֣Ƶϴʦ˿Σ
Ȼ˽ģħɮԹͻȻͣͺһţӷ𣬺ηˣģβһ
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һ֮һ֮л߳һˣ˪ĿǻʦõĺֶΣ벻׵ֵĵһ־ȻʦŪڹ֮䣬ʵ
һϯɫʿɵϽһֻ۾ɫݶ˼ֺ壬ʣ۾һĹâ
㣿λꡯα룿
ħɮԹΪ죬벻һ·ԼľȻλɱߡ
ĳα빪
ħɮԹüͷ壬ʵɱңǸ׿ע⣿
αҡͷ׿ſɽľٶȷΪ߿ȴɱʦ׿Уʦȥһˡ
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ʦȥˣȻ֪
ħɮԹһƾʲôңҲǲȥб£׿ɣƶɮҪ£ˡԶͣ
˵꣬תҪȥ
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һûȻǰġ޳Цţסȥ·ʦαżֻ´ʦѲˣ벻ȥҲɲ㣡
ܵǰмϢĸħɮԹԼѾ롰ѪɷֵİΧ֮С
ɼˣԹҲǲ¡
롰ɽʵ̫ˡ
λĪҪǿһˣħɮԹ̽뻳УսһöֻҪֶȥŪ춯ԾƾĪħŸֵЩѪɷֱ׼Բ˶ߡ
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ʲʲô
αĻʱԹһ£е͵ڵϡ
˵ʲôħɮԹɴ˫ۣα롣
α¶һЦı飬Ҵ仰˵ԹʦÿµʱĿλǲѪڣȫлˣԺлԲ֮ҹʧȥǡ
αһЦʧȥʱҪѪޡһͺÿ°
ħɮԹɫ԰Ѫ벻֮ǰвˣת֮䣬Լͱвв˵λԼϵ飬ô֪
˭һеģħɮԹңǸ˭
޳һʦ˵ˣֻҪߣȻ֪Ǹ˭ңʦϵĲ֢Ǹзκã
ʦģȻʦǸ˾ͶԴʦûк֮ģ򣬾Ͳͷֵˡ
ħɮԹŽߵġɽзᣬһ뵽ԼϵĿһҧãһС


176 ǰ
³һ
Ӷ¡
أͩҶ׷ǰ
һһȵᣬ˳ӿĽգΪһµıҡ
ɽ˺
ҶԴӵ֮󣬵һɽĸо
ֵȫռݣˣˣˣˡǰĶɻҲľ׮ľ壬վˡ
䳡һߴʮɵľ޴ʯգȫһɼĻɣ
׵Ĺ̨࣬ħ뿿ɽĹ̨λǰ
ɽʸ׾λħŸλǰ
ɫڱ䳡Եӭչ´ذǰսͨʿ뿪ó䳡ǰһƬĿհ׵ء
Ҷһֵ֪ܲ٣δڹ̨ϣǡСĻ࣬ԱɷĸףǸл浡
кӶ
ʱѾǱĹؼʱ̣ʼʱļ̽Ա䣬϶׵ֵĽ
Ҫıʼûã֮ǰ峡䣬ӮΣΣ˶
ʱڳϵģġ׵ϳѡ
һ⺷һǶȵ꣬սһѰغϣԭӦƾеĶսȴΪ˥Щ
ۼѵһûЧġˣԷߣṦٷˣԭӳ֡Ĺ룬һδͻȻһСٿȻֳڣһɾŽڱޣ˲䳤һͷž͵صǰ
Ѷžһǰ˸Խѣ
Ⱥо
峡Ȼ˫ӮҲǵĸֵǵһΡ
ɱúã
һոհһУ˵ġ֡ΪѺȺá
һİ׵ʿǾĻǾһʹļ
ѽְʹɷΪˣ

ڴͭȥݡ
һڼ̨ߺȵ䣬ɽʤ
ʤڻ˳ʧߵʬȻһʿ硣
ĻŴȱ֣ڲ̫Ȼ˶Է֣ɽ־һȻħʵλֵٴηգһսϷԳɣ
¸·׵ɫΣĻԷ飬ʣµħ书ɲ⣬ֻ֮еĴ֮Ѿɱʣµħָʲô̶أ
˲ҿڣĻаŭȻɫһĴ̾ϧ˵ֻһˣСˡԷ֣ǡ֣һڴˣҲȻЩħӺù
ִԺ⣿һ䣬ȺվһˣĪǿʦֵܣѵҡʮֻ̫ʣҼʦһ˲ɣδ̫˰ɣ
̧һǷ˵̫һġ֡ɡ
һԴ󣬼ڷУҲԷ֮޵֣ʱĻ˼ǷгԷ֮⣬˶ò֣һʱð
ᣬĳ˼ĻɫΣ֡
ʲô˼ɫһȻʡ
Ļһʱ֪δ𸴣ԱߵлֱԵʲô˼˵ǷгˡߺߣӢۡ
㡭ɲȻŭл浣ڣһʱҲ
ǶԷĻӵݣǷǸĳ׿ʦõɵ
ĻԲлŭ˼֪ʲô̫ǺҲġ֡ẦħŰࣿ
ɫͨ죬ȵûĳںЩħӣֻδֵʱѣȻ־ʱѵĳ³ɱħͷͷλۣ
ʦ֡Ҫ嶯
͡ԭǹʦֵǰȰ裬ȴŭĿһɣ㶼ǰ
֡ɷ̨кħˣǡʮֵ̫̫һүүšԴ
һ̨Ѿһߵע⡣
֮ԣλġɽһЦɭȻǲ֪Ŀͽ֪λԸ֣ȡ´ƽǧŮʮˣΪл񣡡
ħʣĿƷƷ裬ǷĴǷֻǷһˣɵ۾һЦүøŮ
Ȼã
ãЩƽүðɣŮݶˡүԺ򣬴ǿԴȡ¸ҹ
һ䣬һ̷ȥȻ˱̨ϡ


177 Ĺ
ͨ˫һкձڽʵĻӡɼ˫ֹε
ǺһЦɵǲСҲı£ٺ٣㻹ȥɣ
һ䣬ٿȻǰƮȥֱһӡֱš
дŭ˫ֺգ˾ѧһƱԷ
һӵĹȫһ˫ϣУƷͣˡۡȡ֡Ѧ֮͡⣬͵֡ˡ
ʲô֮Ҷġʮơ˴ļٰʽ޷ĹᲢۡ
ڶԼƷŵ£ʹԲ֪ϸĶ㣬ȻԷƷҪƷöԷԳԿͷӲƴһǱġ
ֻ͵ǲ٣ϧٶʵ̫
һƴۿ˫ƱҪһħһȻṦٿȻ˸ߣùһƣٴϮԷš

Էٶһæֵ֣
һЦٴһȻƵ󣬼ͬһƣȴԷԡ
亹ʱֱð˲תֱӷһƣסԡ
ž
ȫһ֮£ܱԷסǽĵķ˳ȥغԴֱ죬һģ
ã
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ǰһӰƮϴɴʧɫȫתһƻ壬һƳŷϮķֵȥ
ž
һƻʵڣԷ޻εӲƴһ
ԷһͬʱƿһԶ֪һжĶˣȻ𿪡
ԺһתҰʱָ
ɾɲǣ̨ʦֵǾ𣬷׷̨Ϸ
һ˿ͷ𡪡
ǣǸ
ͷ𣬽ŶһȰЦˣ
ǣ
׵ѵʱ
ҰԼѪǻһЦݵĶ㡭
֮䣬㾹Ȼáʮű䡿ǵɣùԼԷһƻɵļʵѾϢתɱ󣬳öԷȫתɲǣһժ¶Էͷ
ʮű䡿ٶȣǶĹƣȿȥ磬ҲȻϢɿԴ󣬲ֵ֪ϸԿħı仯޳ϣԶԼ
ʦܱȴɵͷЦת̨
ͷɽһЦҲүʹ˳أ
ɽ˷Ī̲סЦȻˣʮŮˣ
˵ͷҶ꣬ħŸ˸֮˲䱬Ȼվ⿪ɣͷһ򣬸ߺ
һ£ɱɷ˷˵һɸ֣˫ʹ˲
ˣʦ
˾̫ԭǹߺһԾ̨ϡ
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һζ̫˫½費ʱڲ
ʮ̫Ȼǹ龵ϵΪħ飬ǹھ磬ħֶβͿѧ˷ʤʦ˳嶯ֻº롣
̨ˣ𣿡
ӰһڵġĹĹɭɭվ̨ϡ

̨Ҳһ㶡
ҲΪһʱ嶯ϵ̨벻ľȻĹ֮ǰŴʦԷ˵롰޳սҹʤĸ֣ԼʦԷˣҲûбʤİգԼ֣Ǹ
뵽˴ԭǹ亹
ʱһЦ˵˰ɣֵ̨ܲսʦɵźǼĳֿɺã
ʱĻһϯȲվ̨ϡ
á
ȺĽкȵ
ǳͨҲܿսҸղʦѾսɭɭħŸ֣ҲȸղǸҪ֣ذɣֵĻ壬лʤİա
һʱ䣬̨¹սȺΪĻкãȻǰ׵ӣΣѣǷ˵һɸ֣ҲǶĻΪм
ĻһƯ
Ӯ˺øУǱܿĸ֡Ī
Ļ屾Ա֮ˣɵɥȻһִ̨̼Ҳδе˿Σֻǿϧһ
ⳡ䣬ѹûȡȫʤֻҪŻǰħšάˡ
ֻҪܿĪħҲȡʤաʱϳܴʱأ
ȱֵþΣѵ壬ȡʤħŵİգʵ̫ˡ
̨´˷ĽкһмĽʬպą̃ȥĻ΢΢һЦȻô֣ǲԸС֣ܽ
ĹЦߺĻ㾲ĵƮٿȻʧĻǰʮ룬һһͬɫɵĳ㳯Ļȥ
úã
Ļ峤Хһһƫбʣһҫ׼ȷޱȵڵѸ׵һϡ

һ죬âˣһƮˡ
˼Ʈվһ죬нٴβĺɫ޴ͬ͵Ļ꣬˵
ĻͬȻվбҫ⡣
˫ڰ׷ıԷšƷһ
ȸԾкõƸ߳
ֺùĻ
ֺýԡ
Уͬȡ
һմ˰̣Ȼ쬵һֱӻֱֱĻȥͬʱƯĹӰ֪δ١
ӰĽҪٶӰĽϡ
ľûж죬ҲضãĽ죬ʵʵĻӰ׽
Щ˼ܹٶȣҲ޷Էʵ
Ļ壬κδһĸ֣ļõаŵľ塣
ӭĹӰĻȴԷֱ߶ٶȺҲңƽˣȫû׽λá
ֶݣκһεжʧʧ³֮ǰɱ֤
ɴ˿ɼĵġӰĽǺεˡ
Ļ߳ԲӦ䡣ȫ·޷ԶƮɣб۹â˫Ŀǰδеľâĵ١
ۼϮĻһХŨâһӡȥ
һ룬һХƵĽ潣ȻһУ磬ӿľȥ
رûҫۣճ㡣
״ĻӰԼƺ̵ĺڽɲǱɢ˲١
ĻġعӰʮ


178 
쿴ˣ
ǡعӰʮһɽׯľԵ
ѽˣڽСعӰʮ
Сǰ޹ˣ

Ⱥȣк
̨޶ڱĿ⣬л¶⣬ȴɫƽЩ̫Ӧ
ֻЩĻĶУȴȻѪѹߣɱʢ
ΪڴԵʣֱӱʿĳˡعӰʮֱӳΪعӰΪ˭Ҳ֪λСǷܴʮߡʮ˽
ӱܸɣԼĳԭ򣬸Ļڵĺ⡣
ɱɱɱ
Ļ彣չ콣Ӱһƫƫʮصǽâ⻪ʵʣĻסعӰʮ꣬ȴ˼¡
۽ʵȴǴ硣
ĳϮζȵ·챻ȼţʱúáݰ㼱Ļһתʮʵʵĺɫ֣ͬһŨڸס˽Ӱ
ĻȵĽȫ翵жķٿȻ䣬Ļǰı佣УĻؿײȥٶ֮죬Ѹȡ
Ļ΢΢һЦԼͷȥһ⡣
ǽһĨʩзʮӰһͬУʵʵǰ㹻æҡ
Ļһ֣ȫ·
ڵʯ佻˰ϣȫԿ죬մ䲻ݷΧ˾ɫơ
飡
˫һӲƴ֮ĻʮӰ˶ݵһ棬ƾе
Ʈ䵽̨һǣϢ
ֽӲƴΪĻĸ֣ҲòץʱϢԪ
ĻҲò˶٣ĵٶ̫ˣ̫죬һֱȵôƣвǱ֮װĵ
ΪعӰʮ۳ػȫĵԶӻԷ֪ԷӰѾһ㣬ʮĹ⧲¸ԷǿŪæңҪǽ֮㹻ͣղֻҪټֶһᣬټӴһЩ˵Ҫ
ϢĻɫ΢΢һЦصԨ֣⼸Σ
Ļֻ֣׵ֱۺȾһҺڣȴħ֣˼Ƥ⡣
̨¹սȺ۶ʱħһһƬģ
벻ĻֳҲñħŰĽ˵鲻һ
ֻϵĻȴǲΪ⣬ͷ޵ħŹȻЩŵϧаɡֽǼֹڴˣ½ȴԻȥǵħŴˡ
ߣ˿ͷ˶ķϻоӲƤӹαӰˣ
ĻЦǷֵ¼ɣ
δ䣬λĻȳ֣һǰһ
ĹĪħŹ֮Ҫһ
ԭ⿴ƽƽһһķѹӴѹǼһ㣬ǽһͬѹȫӸλ˶ܵѹᣬ಻湦Ļǳϡ
ĵġӰĽһʱʩչ
ġΡ
ԣӦǷǸġ
ڶӢйʶĸ֣̲סгĻеƣʱɫת˶˿̨ϵл浡
лϽ֮ɫԣϸϸƷ裬ʱ뿴ĺ۵ͷʾ⣬Ȼһµһ˵̬
̨ϵĶʵʵӲƴʮС
ĻĽԽٶȴһʽһʽÿһƶôĿݵ¡
һȣһȻ仯Ϊһźɢڿʧˡ
Ļˣֱʮһ䣬ͣΡ
ۣٴ¶ΣС֮һ״ۣ˹ʧ
˷ֱ˶Էһˡ
ЦԵֹ´۽磬ֻЦʥŹ·̨ȴŮ˴ڵĹռЩˣ˵治֪֮䵽Ǻ˸Ӷ
䣬ļӶӰĻѸת
Ļ˫Ŀ΢أбָ죬ٴϣѷ̬֮ͬʱͷ⣬ɣȻһط̬ơ
˫ٴγֿʼʱľ棬ֻĻظʵͻǰĿ϶

һĻһٿȻ˳һҧ˵ǰġ
ࣣ
֮лΪ̣ɢΣȴһ߼
Ļ彣֮Ĵ̴ʱ㽫ĵķҧ÷顣
Ȼͷβûܹĵʵ壬ΪάֹͣµӰĵҲǼΪӴ
µġ֮ȫ֪һսʤܵĹؼʱ̡
ʮӰת죬סӭʩʽ¹УӦŰ˫ġ֮
飡
ڱĻӰ֮ץסᣬնһ֮ͷ
ڴ£Ļɱģۿȥ˭Ҳ޷ĲխսĽѾѹȵô粽ƣƾļͣĵĸ
ĹӰѾ٣δгֵΨڶȦϳеķ仯ǧʱʱԶƮֻҪĻһʧ߽Ļ幥ؼ汸Ľơ
ĵġӰĽӾ深ӰƮۻҡԿθо
ǧһʱ̣Ļ쳤Хǧ㽣Ӱ̻ɢ
ԭ֮бһͬ飬ķ漤䣬̰ȫͬʱʮӰУ̲סһ߳Ӳƴײ뽣УĻ巢ҵĽ
񱩵Ĺֻü䡱һһУȴǰʮͬʱײ
Ӱէٿ֡
ٺ£ֻӰڿл

˶߷ݰƮˣֱƵ̨ǣңңԡ
ȺȻʧĿɿڴؿų϶ˣȫ֪һʤΡ
ĻѪɫʾ԰ֽ
ǿȥվƬ࣬ؿڼ̲סۡһѪ
Ȼݣѿ֮
׵Ⱥ۶ʱȸԾ
Ļɫظ΢΢һЦ֣ʱ˿̣ǷӦˣ
ûɳɤŭһţĳѡһ֮ʱĳر
һ䣬ĻΪһ̨̣ûлأֱԶȥ֪١
ĻһЦߺһ·أĳˡԶˡ
һʱ件׶𳹺Ӷ


179 Ĵ
ȡʤڰӡ
ľʱȫĵĲȻħżɫѿǡɽʸ׾ĪҲŭɫԡ
ʸ׾߬÷ףݺݵصű˻̨Ļ壬ãúãøоӡĻ塭λ֪λԸ³ΪѩֻܰҪдţԸϡѪһԱ⣡
Ѫһ
ħʱɫһ䣬ǵȻ֪νġѪǺƽһζã벻ɽȻԸ´ѪһѪעʵջʮ㡣
Ļոձϣгֻ²Ǳˡ
οĻ֮ħ˶νĽ֮ԱǣԸ֣ڡĵʵʵѾǽĪĴڣǿϰܸܰĻ壬˾ϳսҲǵ֡
Ⱥħһԥ뿴Īɽʸ׾͵͵ƳλѪħ
Īޱ飬Ī
Īλϣϸǰ糱˺ɫ糣ֻͬרһ㡣
ʱ˿̣Īв˼ȣ˵ʤ춯صһսʮԹһ׵֣ǼƵȵԼ־度֮ˣ
Ļ壬Ҳ൱Ķ֣Ϊȴ˲һ˿Ȥ
Ǽįģļ壬ֻȺĸоԽǿҡ
ƵУҲ˰ɣ

Աߵĵعɨһ̨̨£̨Ͻܰ˷صĻ壬΢΢ЦһүȻҪĻͷкѣүԺƬ̣ڽͷȡ
ãȻܣӢۣ
ɽ˷ܵİ𣬸ߺȵ׳Ϊһˮơ
Ī֮ɫһţү˾ٻ˰ɣĻˣ㲻ʲô£Ϊһȴ̫ˣ
Ī˵꣬ͷҲתؾֱȥ
Ⱥ鶦еı䳡ͻȻһʱȫ
Ļһ鲻ˬȡͷһã
һԾ
һѪƻ£ĪֽѪĹݳȺĿ֮¡
Ļ͵һ벻Լ֮ĪȻ׷ʹֱԼսѵԼΪŭ𣿲԰˵ʤһ򲻶Ըģ㲻ˣҲȻΪͷǣ
ĪԺ⣿
Ļ󣬵ݼһԼ֮⣬û˿
ĪһЦ÷ϻ˵ϻ
Ļһʱʱ̨ϰ׵Ⱥ̲סͷħ޳СˣָոձҪ֮Σ𣿡
ĪЦڳ֮Σĸ֪֮ͽҳ˿ԣ
ħͷˣ¡ʮ̫ԭǹ죡
ԭǹ֮ǰΪͬʦֵܡ֡ɱɱͱһӻӲһͷϡĹģʱòʤһħ޳ܣ۸ͷϣ
ޣԭǡ˵ʮС֮һֲ֪
һʱ˶Ǵŭ
һˣ֮˵ǸǾ棬˵ǸһͣӢ۵棬˲ħʱĪƣҪȥǷҲʮˣֱӽɢ¡
̫˫½أʱҲ̲סŭĪСҷˣ
Ī㲻ͣȻһȺ֪С󣬸Ұʲôӣҳ
δ䣬ֻ͵ػΪһƬѪƣٿȻɢǰδȺ۾Ѫ֣ȴǵ˹̨ǰ
飡
֮ѪƮɢѪ֮ʱȴǻص˱̨ϡ
һȥһ֮䣬˫½롰ԭǹˣȻĪӲᵽ˱̨ϣɫͨ죬ΪͬʱҲǱԷѹ㵱С
ʦ֣
ʦܣ
ʣµ̫̫սʮ̫ͬʱ
Īһ֣˰׵һ벻˵־ͳ֣ڶ׵֮̽ȡһ㽫µĹ龵Ӳ˳ȥĻȸֶԮֻһоѾ˼ȺȻˡ
ţãһɣٴζ֣

Ī༤˶һۣȻ̨
Īѵĸ龵֣Ҳȡʤɣ
Ī·㲻ߣҵģԭǹŭһдǹȼ棬Ī˹ȥ


180 Ѫ޵
ԭǹǹһᣬƹĪȴ;Ȼһ䣬͵һһȦҵĻƶʱȵסĪߡ
ХһСս㽣ƵڵĪȥ
ͬһʱ̣ġһ磬ֱĪǰȥ֮
·һһġսԼ˸ġȴյգһǿɽҹ꣬һǴʱȴǼֱӣϵûȻ޼䡣
Ϊصġ˫½ձԳֻ֣ҪĪ¶κ϶˫ͻˣȡ
ڻ½Żʦֵ޼䣬龵ľ֡
˿ʼʱģĪҪֵ·ȫΨһķֻݱ˵ķ
ġսġĪ󣬲ߴĪȫ޷Զ߸߹һġ͵ͷɢɰգĪȴûаתֵͼ
Хһ콣һգһâɢһ֮ڣбб̫Ѩ
һȴһ֮»ʮӰĪʮҪѨ
˽ٱ䣬һɷһɼ򻯷֮࣬ۻҡ
ҲţĪһ׼ħ˿ʱ·һмƶˣͬ졣
ת˲䣬ѱĪ̫ѨͺʮѨ
˫ĿͬһɲǣĪȡʵʵһѪƣĪѪɫʱӿȥ
½жԷʱ֮УײʵĸоûУעһʧӰ٣ŶԷѪɫӿǹմƤȻ˳ͤ⣬ĹƱ߽⡣
ѪƷ裬Ҳ޷赲ֺ
ֳһʱѪܲĪڡ
½ĪͬʱлĪΪѪƣʱʧȥĿꡣ
ѪƼΪ죬ƣʵʵ涫޷ʶ֪̽
ȻѪĪ״Ĺģ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ԭĪġӤħѪ񹦡Ϊ죬Խ廯ΪѪƣڴ״̬֮£ͬһ㣬޷˵κֻ޹
½˶ʱ󺧣ĪħʤǰǲĻʾûٳһս֣ѹֶԷаոҽǵս顣
뵽֮ǰĻ屨Ϣ˶ʱ̣дޡ
ֻһУͲٴд
˫½һȳ֣˫Īǰȥܿ⡪½ȫۣʤ޻ء
ĪⱩֶһ½
ХȾ۾˫ͬʱ˺ۿҪĪϡ
ͬһХ𣬴촹ֱ䣬泤ǹڵĪͷ
ĪХһһѱ߰˫½Ӻ󱳹
һѱ뱻Юָ䣬ͬһʱ䣬½ġ˫͵شĺġ
࣡
˫Ī֮Уǰ͸
Ⱥ۶ʱȻ
ô
Īħͷѵ˲ɣ
䣡
һ֮
˳ĺˣ½ҲһȥǶѪ˿
ͬʱ¶Ȼ顣
ԭĪġӤħѪ񹦡ԼǰغλãȫѪ״½һƹᴩĺģʵû˼壬ǱѪһת޵ϣ½һˡ
ʱԭǹͷ²塣
Īħͺһһͷžһǹ֮ϡ
ֻ޿ɿܵѪӶԷ˵ȫһѪڣǰһڣ˦ȥԭǹĿС
ĪһΪѪٴʱȴѾڿйɵ졣
½˼״ɢ˼ƣƴ׷
һ輴ѣ½˾󾢷˵Ҳ飬֪ףǹ͵һ壬һ͵ظı䷽򣬹һˡ
ˣĪЦлɨıһ¡
˻һб׹
Һı˷жȥ˴󲿷ֵɱȫһ¼˭ܵ
ĪһУһѪȫ࿹ҲֵסѪʴۿѪҪอӲǸԼһƣͬʱǹֵѪһѪ˳ʱһ㣬ر˿ȥ
ĪδɱУ¶һ˿ı顣
½ѹѷıɽҰɱĪһڽ⽣Ӱп£зıʱա
ĪЦȭʩֱжԷϡ
½ȸгֻ㣬֣ΪĪ£Ȼǧֻ֪Ѽ𿪣½Ҫٴ̣һھؿؽѪȥ
ͬʱҲǺԼͬΣ书Ĵ
˺ˣĪһȴԭǹȥһ˫ֻóצӰ޿ײĻǹйȥ
һӴǹʱɾɢ£ĪצйӡǰֻһͣһѪܵ㵽УԲͣ

ҽһʬ嵹ɳȥ
ʦܣ
һǰȥһѱʬ壬ʹ顣
ĪһЦ͵һ߬ȻĲ࣬ʬס
ӤħѪ񹦡ħǿȻ˲ȫѪУǿӣ飬ʬ屬ըȫ
ֻһ˲䣬񱩵ѪĽʬ޴棬Ǳʬ׵ġըѪɣͬĲޣֱӷ̨Ѳ
½˾һۣͬʱ־
½߽еʦܣ˫
δ䣬½ͬһʱ̣£þȫһ½ŵף½ʱ٣˻Ϊһ󽣣ֱĪǰ
ա˫˫赣˹һ֮Уһʱؾ·һɣռ䶼֮Уǰ
Īڸ֣̲סһ
ý˽ĳܲһ
оȻ㲻ȫѪۣ͵һ𣬻ָΪתѪӤеһʽȫȥ

һѡ
½һ۶ڱѪһڵϣ
ƽĪ
ĪԭصϢһ޵ýʮ̫ȴǷǷĳǵͷˣ
ǳһ˿ζ΢紵鿪ΪƬ


181 ֿħ
Īһ֮Ĵ֣֮¶ʱѹ¡
⣬ʿĿɿڴž
ǡɽʸ׾һʱҲţ벻ħĸ־˳̶ȡ
ʸ׾һȨһ;̫ģȻֵʵҲΪӳʱĪµ书һʱ侹Ȼ⡣
ĸ֣Ŀȫ
ɱң̽ȡһ㣿
롰ħɮԹͻȻʧ٣Լ߲޿ɿֻĪкģǿȡʬ
ʸ׾ֻһ룬˲侹Ȼµð
Īվ̨ϰȺۣЦ̨Ļ壬࣬Ƿ̨һأ
Ļɫ԰ףԱȴܲأԴǵøĪħȻʱ˿̣ĳǲ³ֻ°׵ֶᱻħȡЦɣֻϧ˵Сұ˼ˣĳͬ
һ䣬Ļȳⷽȥ
Ļ壬𣿡
ĪһЦ׷ȥ
֮ɫлҲɫ䣬Ⱥ䲻ټ
ȺдŶҵҶһʾ⣬ֵܼ٣ٸ˺Ӷ

ǺӶָ̫֣Ļ˼󣬷Ķӡһ·˺Ӷûκѡַһս뷨һþȫʼɱ
δãĻոյ˳һСɽɽǰѪһĪٿȻסȥ·Ļ岻ˣɽˮ㣬㵽ˣҲ޺˰ɡ
Ļҹۿûκڳɫһڵұ޽ⲻĳԹֲᵲסԷ·α˿ƣ
Ŷ׵Ҫ˵Ļ𣿡Ī¶һЦı顣
µġоӡȻġ
Ī¶Ϸʱ飬˵޳Թˣ֮ǰƣñɥɽУΪ񹦲һδܽ񻰡㻹˵Ҳ޳Թ
⡭ĻЦͬߥޣֻϲũϲȨʵƣơ
Ī΢΢һ㶣һЦ˳ЦԽԽֱЦֱ
Ļ尡Ļ壬һĻ塭ۼ޳ܣĳǿ㣬һ棬ĳϲǶ֣µһ
Ļδ䣬ףȴǲһ졣
˼ֻ֮飬ĳ˵ԸׯѣպⲻкˣϧĪǰϧǣׯԴֵһѪۿɲĳܹġԡ㻹ɣ

ĪȻΪһѪֱӹĻ塣
Ļɫ䣬жϲĪķλҲͬʱסȫȻһˡ
飡
ͬһ죬Ļͬʱ飬һѪ˲ˣȴǳ˶ԷһƣͷҲصسǰȥ
Īһ֣ĪҪĻܵӴԺҵֵ
һΪһֻѪɫջУٶȼ׷ȥ
һ׷һӣٶ죬ĻѾṦٶȣȻĪĶ֣ӳȥԶ㱻Ī׷ϡ
֪Լ޷ѵĻ壬Բ˷ȻĪϮס֣ѵҪѪӤ𣿡
ѪȻĻǰ֣ż䲻ݷ鿪ĻŲ롣
ѪӤߣ
ĪһŻȻˣ˴ɨѽ߻ңȫʬ
ĻŭҪ̫
ĪЦ۸Σƴƣдʵ𣿡
ĲҪˣĻдޣ֮⣬ȴá
ĪǰӴƥѹ˷Ϯȷ֫ħвٿֶΣûͦùһһׯϣͦס˵
쵰
ٴθֻ֣֮ǰһʮ
Ļ屯Īͷֻƴȫһս
ϣϡĪɫһ벻Сӻһ֣ĶûþȫҲµû֮ǰӲƴˣҲΪ˶Ŀװİɣ
Ļ屻ʮɢĳӳͬˣ˵ʲôûˣĪҳһ
䣡
ʮĻӰһʮڣִ˷빥Ī
Ī΢΢ͷţе˼
ʮһͬҧĪһѪɫĻȻסͬʱĪХȭ
䣡
һȭȴͬʱʮͷɾ˵ײһ𣬶ʱˣǿҲǷƱɫðƱһ󶴡
Ī˺벽ĻѪ߷ݰ˳ȥ
һɳȥغһģȴӴܣ
У
ĪҲһ٣Ҫ׷ȥ
ϣ
һ
һ鶯쳣ͻȻ׷ͬʱһĪ㣡
öӣҵס
ĻϲԼȴͷҲأŲͣˡ
Īʱһմ࣬ĿĻԶݶȥͷҲأôѶӶԭء
ǰһбƵڣĪ̲סʵǸ˵ģ׵
Ŀбӣ״̬ޱϲ֮ȻϻĪ˵аɣ
ĪĿһ´һۣ̲סͷ޵øС֪Ȼһ塣ϧĻΪ˸ɫһֵСӣҼɣδϧΪҴħϴ󷨣һͳΣ֮£ġ
л⣡΢΢һЦȻڲϲմѪƣȻȻĿźÿطɽ˼ΣαǷ
ĪЦٴڣ۹һδʵ콣ϣ¶⣬½ֻ֪֮ǰΣ
Ц콣ǵڡԽˡϣѪ졣
ᵽ콣ʱеĽﬡȻӦʮ콣û룬Ľͨ˿Ϊ졣
Ī֮ȴΪڹ߶Ц֪ýϧǺýȴڶϣϧˣϧ
Īһ䣬ѪһðɫΪںݣѪħļ¡
ˣ
һ齣ʡ
콣˭棿ὣ֣ؼʱɱ֮
䣡
ͬһʱ̣Զɽ´㽣ͬʱҶʵԺ򣬲֪С࿹ɾòƽ
ʱԶʱҶȴѾȻƮߡ


182 񽣳ħ
Ҷɵۣž޴ײİһؽðɫĲƥʵʵ˼ֵܣ˭Ҳ֪ôһȻһѴ󽣡
ؽ޷桱
أǿľΪ򵥣ȴҶ
޷桱Ʒ족Ʒ
ȣƺ޷桱μ׾
Դ˶ҶԼ翽ʶʣŷûй߲ʵһ㡣
Ҷһƶң¶΢΢ЦǺǵؿһۣɵҽų̹죬˵ôúˣˣΣ
ûط˸ۣҶĪҪҸЦĪĳ
õõáҶͶŰѱĴжһƣĪЦЦˣȵòͷɣ˾˰ɣֵ棬㲻᲻İɣ
Ī΢΢һЦҶСãĪ˵˳֣ǼλֵһͬĳҲν
ûУûУҶ˵ĿģʲôãְŵģǸˡô
ڽüһȵϻˡ
˵ҲǡҶһɣ
ɣĪ
һʱĬ
ɽ紵
͸
ƮɣȻ·
ϣ
Ҷȶˣؽ޽ʣѶ֮ʱҲǽνʣһԾУŰһؽХ䡣
ҶڵȻҲš
ͬһʱ䣬СǰڣŵƤҶһգһϣͬʱ֣һָԪһǬһѼĪ
Īоȣ֪ȻᣬȴǽңԷһξ룬һ;ϣʵڲκֻûϵһСʱ䣬֮ϾĬŷϬ˫̥ͬʱһУȻס˷н·ߣֻӲƴһ;
ĪҵȫֻԷ˫Ϯӭһȭȴֺ͸ղ֮ǰĸ̫սʱͬһ֮ǰĸңȴְȥԭĪһȭʹһڻ˾Ҷ޷
ǣ
Īһȭѱ֮䣬ҲѼʺϵǸ㡣


˵ѽһֻȭȴƵճһӡ
Īɫһ䣬һȭˡ
ͬһʱ̣ҶҲ෴ˣغŲģȻ˸
Īȵõ
ҶЦѪϵ¶УѪϵʴҵȾȴΪΣҲ̫Ե˰ɣ
ĪɭȻһЦ֪Сų˼ëѧ˼˫赣ԭҲͽɴ
ҶЦ˵úãҾ˵ʲô赵ĽְǻǸչѧĺã˵꣬齣⣬ֱȡĪʺ
һϣȴǴһζŷ˵ĺʽϷһ㡣
ﬣ
Ӱէַ֡
Ҷͬ߷ɵƤһ㣬ȥ
֮콣콣Ӱصأǳۣ仯һԴ⡣
ĪһЦ̲סһɽׯġعӰϵóҵĶ֣ƾˮƽ˵ң
ۼԷϮĪ㲻һ𣬻ΪѪ˫ִϮֱ̫Ѩ
ˣ
һڽϵ׹⣬ѽŷŵ̫㣬ҫ۵İ׹⡣
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ˣҶɿ֧ţƾĪɽ鱩ҲͷһĪעȫؽ޷桱

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һӴĪʱɫ䣬벻ҶͨͨؽһȻ̺֮ʮ
Īħ죬Ҳһʱ׼Ӳѹڣұ۹ȫѹ飬һʱ侪öá
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ʱǰؽ޷桱ǡЩЩƤƣˡ
ֻǴһУ㽫Īѹģ֮Ĵڱ棬Ҳôһᣬץסһм

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Ҷ˶˵˻ΪصĪһۣ׷̾Ϣһħͷʹɥ𣬿ȥ

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Ҷ˷ŵ֪ԭȻҲǸְ𣬡ƹ⣬ǸڣֲáǸİ׵ҪԶƹعٲֹܣԭǸĹϵ
ȻĿâƽȻƹ⣬ڲĸҲûнΪûзǸڵΪеλΪȻʥʦʥϵġʥĪأ
ħأҶ̲ס׷ʡ
ħΪ¹УȻƹǸʥҪѹĶ֣
˺ֹ㣬ϡ
ҶܳٽᣬԲɱսıѰҵܿһԴ
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Ȼһ㲻ⱻЦ֮Ĺϵݾֹˮֵ֪ܼ̾˶ǹŵȳ֮һ糯ƺȨǰκĶпܱ
ҶЦǵֵΪеȨʵǰӪ𣿡
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ҶȻȻҲ֪ҼҰ˵ܵ׻ΰţţԤҲӪȼƻ
ȻӭĿ⣬ˡʵУ˫ʵ֮ޣùƾӲʵб𣿡
ҶһͷʹǿӲΪҲŷǸµβƣ
ȷˡȻչһЦĿǻ۹â
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Ҷһ˼ͻȻ򣬡䣿赶ɱˣ
ȻĿɫֻظƽصҶֹȻǾдǻ۵ˡѹּʦ˵ǧѰţֵĻ
Ҷʱ֡
Ȼ΢΢һ̾һ嶼ƼʻᣬǸĳ棬Ƽа̣кڵ뢡׵ۣħŵʵǰͶҽȴûҵĵǸһûʵѹסЩ˲¹ͷĶǣͼп⵽ɡЩȺ֮ҲһźǺڰħа̣ԭ⣬ڵ׵ٶĳԹƼãܱһš
ҶǸóı֮ˣЩҲһ͸
ԼʱѾװ˧췲ΪڵȻʥĴˣȻڵȺȻ׽ԼһŽһСȦӣŻһĵжԣóûɱ֣˫ͽŵĹϵȫжԣôǸӪӪ˵þͻֱԼһҽ͵ɸһЩ
Ҷͨ˵㣬ĴʵȻ˼ƽϣҲѧϲ˧췲ֺ֪һʵʩأ
Ȼ΢΢һЦݲȵصҪõңŽԽԽãҪڵϿɡȥһˣҵȫΪ˧췲


191 һʯ
Ȼ˧췲Ȼʶ
ҲǶ˹ϵΣ˧췲ҲȻɫԣһֱ׷󣬽ȻòûԷϵȻ˧췲ʶˣһЩϰߺ͹¼Ϊ졣
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Ҷݲȵ˶濿ȻȻճģǲǷүʦ漸ֱ棬кƫҪǰɣãúˣ
˧췲һнֽȣָŻıС˵ҵĦںڵкţŸ棬㵱ѣ벻ȴǰа̵СӰҵˣ˵ò
Ҷѧʮ˧췲ģԿɽӲĳаȫǺˣͳаȴ˿Ϊ⣬һ뵱Ȼ˵ģֻǸЩɫݡ
΢ЦæǰϴСܵʵвѵĿԣ˧
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ͳаͬȻ
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аü˧׿֤ʵҲŸŴԣǡ˧ܹˣսϷŹأ
ű˿ҫҶĵײɵһϲССһѡ
ƾɱ𣿡ҶһȻսǸ쵰Ҫлֻ֣ܲϧûɱңȻҪŹҡһʲôкڡ
Ҷöսĺ⣬֤ʵ˧췲ݡ
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սͻȻڽϽ꣬Ƕ˷Ǹ˪ɼѩ񵶣ǸͬΪжд̣̺ʹͬǸЯֺȻҲսɵжԵĽߣ˫ʱͬɵմ͡
һʵ˧ǰΪѰսĻϧս˷Ǹ󣬶ػδڴ˴
ҶһȻЩµȻһˣүŮרΪϽöġ˺󣬱ǵ⣡
Ҷ˼ݣȻԼ˧췲ҷǸļƻȻҲ˳ˣνһʯ


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Ҷ˵Ŀ֮󣬱˲˵а뵱ɫ䡣
һαĲ˵аҲΪ˫正ֻҪõǵĴӾԪ׾мճԲ硣
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˵һֱԱ߳Ĭһ֣ܵ˧磬λԽһ֮ףʦԽһ֣ǸոռҰ̳Ϊµһ֣ڣʱл̤벽֮
벽ʲôʱ繷ˣ
Ҷ۾һĵͬʱ뵽𲼾Խ֮أصǧ֮⣬Խ֮սȡʤԭԽڲڼ顣
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ٷϻҶŭ϶Ϊڵ֮ħˣҺڵʥ˧췲㣿
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꣬˵˭֪˵ʲôڣĸǶﲻ𣡡

ҶĹȻʱԮĵزħſֹУû˸ҳͷڰħϸͬ飬˽йᣬҲҳϡ
ҶˣֱӿôһñӣͬҶļˣʱҲ伣ûг
ʱ罴ϣǿ侲ʵԭʹݣ֪еȴҪڴϷ򣡹ħţ֤ݣ
֤ݣߺߡҶ䣬Сү֤ݣ

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ͬʱҲ÷̵ͽܣϾǡ֡Ѧĸͽ
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ãҶ֪ԷƣҲһڴӦ
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203 
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ƫƫҶУҲǶԼڹţʶһڴӦ
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͸дȴֻ֮һŨգҶڵʼܽ⣬·¯֮УǱһĴڣ˿̶ʱеѵͷĿѣ
̫Ԫ񹦡סаڤ񹦡񹦡һ壬ʱҶ


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Ҷڹ緽ĴмңƾԼڹԤܵĽΨһ㣬ȴûԤϵġ

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ڵġ롾ƽڶԿĹؽڣ˫ԭӦûͻȻ֮ڳѨתתﵽĪƽ⡣
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ɱôأ
ҶѰȥʱȫһĿһͲ˫ľɫŮӡ
ɫ֮£ҹ罫һϮɫȹϣг޳׿Խ̬ʮòŮӲкȺķˣŮķɸȫȥ
ģ˫ԵķĿϸȻüë£καʯˣǶСѣ˵ɱصĺݻҲ˺ݲְ֡
ˮȫһϣɻˮ֥ͦͱҡҷ
һˮ΢紵壬Ҷʱ֪Էݡ
ط̡
ʮŮڶλ̣Ȼ˻Ϊ֮ᡣ
̼ĿתضԼǷĲãɶԷ峺ޱȣκа֮ͷӿǰδеָоԼնɱа֮γɼ峺ĿĲɻ֮һæǱ˼ʣһʱûг߳
ֻûгԺǳ⣬ʮԪϻԱȴΪջ벻ͷŮˣŭԺж̾ϢزɫԳڴ˵ȵز
˧췲ͷ񣿡
һϺȴһֺݣƵͷ纮˪ŭ߳˧췲˵ģƾʥڵʹݣϷ캣Ͳ㣡
Ǹ۱Ͻ
Ҷ̾Ϣ˹֣λ׵ϣ˧췲֣֮λ׷ѰĲɻȷˣ»ݽ֣½Ķ¥ǧλֺú֤˧ĳһֱڳԡ

һЦδˣһۻ֮𣬡֪СǿЦ֮ǰŲѣ²ˡ֮ڼ޷ȴ֪ܣʥͷֻҲ㵹ʱˣ
¾֮Ӧûڴ֮ϣڳһλ
һߺͳŪʱ䡣
˫ƺʮţȻˣβ
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һԶҶǰһϵϺ߱һλ׳òȥѮ˫üŨң°¿˵ģ۾ñǿס
ƳҶٴ߳˧췲·˴̫ʮԪϻ˴ϯϣظͶ̥Ī˶󡣡
ҶγһʮԪϻĳ֮λʮɾ㶼ǲ¸صǰˣΨˣȴԼʮ̫еĴ̫Էˣ෴Ǽ书˼ߵλԷضãʮԪϻᣬã˵ǸУвԷڵĵλ
ʮ̫㶼ǹ龳ϵľ磬̳ʵС
ֻһӣҶ㷢ʮˣܹʮ֮ڣ㶼ʮԪϻ;񣬾Ǵ֮
ҶԽп಻ԷϺݶôãȴԭͣǵȴ룬˶ܷΧɻȤ
캣һȻѵ룬֪λ³
ȻһЦЩǼϼһ˲ῡܣǺڵۺħаܱģ˴λѵãĳûһ°ɣߺߣҲȺۿʲô˧췲ĺڵʹʲôҶսΟߡ֮Щ֪֮ͽĴˣ
캣һЦλῡһ󡣡
ܰ׵һ֣Ȼ֣ԾԾԡ


209 ֵ
캣ѯʶʱһ䶯
˭֪֮ܰ£ɵʮԪϻЩʦʶｭðͷ
治ѱ˵̲˰
ô˧췲Ǻڵʥʥʹ˵⣬ӵ书ҲЩ뽭СܹԿİɣ治ѵӢܵ£Լ롰񡱵һһֶäĿҹԴ
˿äĿţҲüͷ壬׷׻ֹ֣µӳ嶯ǰ
ƺֻУɵĳϺ͵ĦȭƣԾԾԡ
ҶֺֺЦ̲ס˧ĳʮԪϻرʮѡӣԸɾѧж߸ԵƹͷǸн޾ѧΪ֡˧ĳңҪֽһˡ
ٸһɷǵֵ˲廰˵˧ʩмּأǰʮˣнܳһʮˣ㶼ڷǸƹн޹ڳУеٮٮߣ˧ʩϿβ㼶Ӷأ
Ŷ
£
Ҷ벻⡰ֻ֡Լ֮ǰЩȴиڡ
ʱϵԱߵһλʣ걧ȭôʦ棬ǺڵСõʦӦʦֶ֣СʷԸսͽλʦǰ
׼
ʷʱһŭȣһ
ܹţȴΧֵȼʮֻѡ
úõһּ֣侹Ȼó˴µġʮ˽ħһʱХӰҶ䡣
ʷһǱţε˵ǳ뽭֪ѡΪӸ֣Ӧòƽӹ֮ûжģһãƥǱ˭棬ԶӲ֮һȲɡ
ʮ˽ħǷչʷתȴŵġǱһ徻ƫڹ֮Ԧ֮ʱֲ˹۵ıײŹ㡣
ŵļô¶֮ɫϯ캣ǹȻ⿡жʮϿɡ
ʵһ˭֪˧췲Ǻǣ֣ӣʷͦսʹһո¶ͷǡ
ᱲûкȲɵһʱüͷ΢΢𣬶ʦܵ书΢΢Щģġ˧췲ոձΧЩǣʷʦһ֣¶Ϊʧı飬ȴΪΣ
ӭŶԷҶֱһʳָ֮ϣ赭дǰһ㣬ǰˡ
룡
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ʷ˴ΪıУΪʵȴǧľƳɣǧǳأҲ̺ǿԣȻԷһָ֮ײɳȥԷΪκˣַθ
˧췲
ɣ
ӭ˾Ŀ⣬ҶмЦõŵת似Ƹãʵ򲻸ղᣬƨͨյ似ڳ˲ռƣȴǱиƨã˭սҹ
һ仰ҭð׵Ⱥƿԡ
˭Ҳ벻˧췲书ʶ׿
һеģոջԽкõ˶ʱҪ
߳
һŭ죬Ҷһ˵ʷٴγᣬӰʽɱ䣬񳱰Ҷȥ
ǧĻͬͣᡣ
еߣȻ֪ĳΪ䣬ԷӲƴͬʱڹʹѹġ羻ɾȴһ
Ѷ֮ĸϲǼô캣纮˪׷׶ӾȻŵ˹ƻвһµһͷ侲쳣ؿųھ
ֵıеҶһ񣬵Сӣе˼
һֻ֣ȭƣһУʱ죬ʷ˴ھ˵֮С
ʷ֧׾ǴµĹѹķԼŵľα仯ܸԷȭɨŷԷʱֻһֻ֣ŵøĹΪأأԴ֮
ҶƳһۣ̲סЦλʹ󷽵ּЩϡɰǵ̵̣ΪлͷȥΣ


210 ҹϷȺӢ
Ŀ࣬⽭ſޱȵ˧췲ȻôҪƤֶΡ
˲ᣬҶЦʱʷСĿռȭŪ
һʱȭӰ˾Ķǡ
Ԫϻ¸˶ʱһȥʷԷɱ
캣üëһԵʹ˸񡭡
ݣ
һذ׻׹⣬ֱҶ߲
ҶҲָһУɽذ׼סȵ͵Ϯǲϧ̫ˣ
һֺɤȵǮ͢ξܲͷ
ϻ˵˧ĳΣ
ҶͥŲһʦڵ̺󱲵һ㣬ڳԪϻ˴ӵۡ
ţ
캣Ĵ׳Ҷ󷽣볡ڵʷγǰл֮ơ
ҶӦԣһʷͷٴΰѶԷʮಽ⡣
ɱ
ǮһƱġ֮ȴǷ˵ġƳ֡ġơ
ƷǷ̫֡ɵĳ似ʽ󿪴أǧ
ӶһսɥħͷУ벻Ʒһĵ֣Ҳϰζԭ͵ƷΪˡ棬оٻ֮ơ
ҶŲɽ÷֡ʻţһǿ磬ƶʱбмյһ䣬ָǮ֮ϣʱΪ֮һ٣Ƽ侹Ȼһ˿תãʱΪΡ
Ǯ󾪺˲սʷˡ
ͬһʱ̣ߵӰսȦҶΧˮͨ
˾㶼һġ֡оһʶ̫׽ڵʩ֮٣һǸСá
Сòʮ꣬δϻеȸߣСһһʷǮ󣬾Ÿ˾Ȼʩչһ״δ󷨣νҶΧڵġ

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ڶֵСã߰в顣
ʩ֮˻ϣǳǣƣǷ·ǣ£ȻȻһϻҶ
Χ޷ǰȴͬʱְסǰ𹥻ͬź󱳣ǰֵļ֣ʱͣʽĹȻ̨ף
е˼
ҶһЦżڵһȦƽʩһǮĶƣһŰʷɨӲʩ֮ĽָһŵĶ̹üײһ˵ȭͬʱǸСõĽв¡ֹޱߵӦ֮ǵ޲뾪̾
ƽΧڸֵġҶǰȻֽһƨã㱻һƵǻһҶûһѹȫѹƣв
̵ıǸСãԼ֪Էο԰Ľţ齣ʱһɴɽһߣ˦ȥ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ͵Сײȥ
һ;ףȥ˧췲ڲͣʩչɱ֡
ʵҶȴǴĿģڶࡰֻ֡С٣Щڼɵĵӿ϶չмѣҴпɽɽĵӣɽΪǸŬȡĶȻĵڴ֮ͥ±ԼɱҶֻҪʣȻɻøõĽ
ȻҶһ֣ⲻ˶Ǵʧɫ
Ǯ˺СãʩǿӲأҪҶԵóѡ
Ȼ䣬ǧâͬ㼤ҶС
ȴԭһֱԹ̳֣ΣʱһپǸСá
ᣬᣡ
޵ĽգҶһʽɫöµ̵ĽУһٽɡ

Ҷ赭д̵Ľʱ˾㵡
벻⡰˧췲ȷо˼գ̳֡Ҳܡ
ҶռȻһϣЮСõļƻƲ
䵱ٴνʱǰһԭСõλվˡ
ԾСãҶǰ
һҲֱӱһưļͷ
֣мȺŹʶһֻʹҶʧȥ˰ܻ׽
ֹ֣Ȼͬ죬ʮԪϻ֮ʱ׶֮һɨա
ҶһƲɣһơ
ԷȻ㲻ܣתͷһеġ
飡

Ҷ߷ݣӦ׷ɡ
ã
Χ˴ȣǸ˧췲ˣ
ɾɲ֮䣬ܻһ𣺡Сգˣ


211 
һƻҶû뵽Ƿŭķ
Ҷ˲вףĴûκεľײһ˳ͬʱŷԼһѽҶ˳ȥʱ֪СӽӶݣԼһƸûκ˺
żͬʱ׷ɰյҶкȥ
Ҷнһ㽣⬰㻤ȫؼ٣ֱͶΧ߱
Χ۵ʮԪϻ֣ǻס׷ԾڣȫΧ
䣡
ҶڵһɳȥӲײݶ幬Ĵȥ
;УҶ˫Լµͻƶ赲׷ϡ
Ǹ߼ڹԵĳӳ£һƬׯµա
Ҷһغֱȥһ죬ֱײƵǽӲ幬Ŀյϡ

˴幬סֵʿ𣬲˯Ժĵʿ·δ룬һ
඼ͨʿľңҶ˵˳һƣ֮£ĴȻ飬ϰգƺòˡ
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ҪģûôҪġ
⻹ʥʹ书Ƣ㶼һ˧췲
ҶһڣƺƴƻͰЩͨĵŵ˸ټƷ£ǰڳͬʦ֣ҽŷϰգغҲͳɱ˵֤Ⱥ֮£幬ĵʿ޵ûͷӬһĴӴܣ
ҶңεȺعȥ
幬ڣҴܵĵʿʮԪϻĸǴΪͷۡ
ԺϷɤȵԪϻ׷ͽŵӰڣĪҶ
ɵɵĵʿҿµĲȴûͣ¡
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һ£еʿˢˢһҶ
˼ңҹͷͣص䣡
һס˾棬ƻҶϴԭأӰ΢ѵ˺
幬˵ȾԴԪϻ˲ݣ
幬ڸƸߵ̼䱻ʮϻƣټӴģɸ顣
ҶṦ£æҵʮԪϻᾫϵԽ¥Ҷβһؾ¥֮£۲Ρ
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Ҷ˼˴֮ʱһӰȻ𣬵ٹҹǰҪ£
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ٹһʸ̩ŸǰģٺһЦòɫ˰
ĳæûʱ
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ʮԪϻἩòɻ಻صģ
С񣿡
ңٹ֣ǻǸԹܺ÷ڵ£Ͳˣ
ʮԪϻ볯֮͢ϵΣԭʮԪϻȨʱ򣬱ǻʵ۵ⶼԲٰ죬ƫƫ͢ѳ˷ǸĿܣǸѣַмܿʮԪϻơ
ǷǸѣԷϵԳ͢ҲǷǸĶ෽֣Ļ䱸ûʲô̬ȡ
ֻǿӲٹȴЩʹ
ԼǣٹҪԪϻֻ뾡Сౡ֮ˣ
òţһʮԪϻʵۺһˣݣ٣ٹΧ֮Ϊգֳ֪ûаհҪҪ
ѽһٹмĪؼֹȻ壬Сȱֱ֣Сǰȥɺã
㡭ߣ


212 £
ЭٹܣѹûԷû뵽ٹ˳ֱӦ
һ˧췲ٹҪļһŭǣ衣
û򣡡
һŭֱӷȥ
ٹôһϣ˧췲书߾ѾԶѲ幬˷ѹѵѲòɻݣʶطƬ̣˳幬
˴ʱҶҲɵöͷٹȻܹߣֳҪı£ԼǱ֮ϡ
ԶȥҶٹ뿪ϼһﲻûߣ
䣬һƿ
һϤ𣬵ٹҵȻԪϻ飬˶֣ȴǴ鷳
Ҷһ𣬶Է׵ͬˮ𣬲֪Ǻη
ֻٹˬһЦؿͬʥţԵֻû뵽Сܽհ幬ȴ飬ǻ

һλϵһЦ¶ĥȻԪϻˣٹ빬̸໪۾֮¡
ȡ˵ز˵֮أߣ

ƿԶ룬Ҷк˸ΪٹԵ˭ˡ
ħ顣
벻ݲ㱻ʦɵļһȻ幬С
嶼ӣȻǴǰס
ٹݸҶһħƷײ͵ĸ֣ӸǱ໪۾ĵϵڴܻᣬħŽʲô
ֻϧҶҪ£޷ϸ֪̽μס˷Ĵλã幬ҳһţյء


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Ҷͻʸ̩ŵ޴ӭǰλǻӯӯŻʸ̩ź˧췲ı˻
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ҶæǸˡ⡭
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ү
һȺݺݺͷʩһƬյĹǰҶ书߾ҲЩΡ
ͦסͦס˧췲Ҷ
ɣɡ
ҶһЦûж˵
ȵؼʸ̩źҶм䣬ˣߺѹֱ۴˲¥Ĵ
ڵȫڼװϣֻж˽ȥ
ƻͨٴһŴԲڿ˴ƬطĿ֮á
ŮϤ̺ΪǶȥ¡
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ϽŸ裬Īֵ䣡
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Ƽȷ׳ʱֻѾһԡ
ع˿֮һȫŮʦŸɲһϸĴֶ࣬˱飬ƮƮһƬ֡
ʸ̩ſÿЦסƽкá
Ҷ֪ĵ׵Ǻ뷨Ϊζ˫歲ʣһȻԵõģԼ˼£ֻͼ
Ÿ𣬻ʸ̩ٴЦȥǰ˵Ϊ׼رĿֵһۣ
ڿһЦּżɫȥ
ʱ⣬ֻԶһǵȺŮʦ
Ҷһ֪ʸ̩űнҪº˵æ¶֮ɫ
Ȼʸ̩Żһɣ̾һöЦˡŻʵ۵ݲȥܣȴһʲôմմϲίʵ˿ɣ
Ҷ˵ͷĪʲôѴ
ʸ̩ŴչܣΪֻҲˣߣҲǸ˰ڲĿܡ
ף
ҶһϲȴɫƣˣǸȻֻ죬ҲѹͷϡȻƵ췲췲ҲҪ
ããԼֵܣ
ʸ̩ѹɭȻܣҪɱˣ


213 ƽ

ոȥĽŮɲ̤貽˳
ԭŮȫ˱ɴ£ȣһʱ۱ȣΣ׳ʡ
Ů룬Ⱥں¶䣬㡣
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˼ȥҲԼʥı书ֵöԷ򡣵ԷԼȷԼǸ
ʵȷ
ʸ̩žΡ˧췲
Ҷ롰˧췲ɫУ֣ʵʸ̩˧췲Щطĺ񣬶ԸգҶҰļСĽˡ
ҶǴˣû˸ıãôˣ֮ûʲôԣеֻǽס
Ȼǽס
Ҷ۾һǺһЦ±Сܵ£ɱ˲֮ͣ
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ʸ̩Źһ֣ܷģ°ΪϡֻԷݡ
񼫣Ҷظ֤ȻˣЩǺ󻰣ڲ˵˵ֳҪǸˡ˭
ʸ̩Ŀ⾼һһٵٹӣ壡
֮ӣ

ҹѹ
ʱиƽ
ֻҶոȥʸ̩һá
ʱȶüۼӯԸеĶ˷飬е˵ʸ̩ŻΪƱ͵ߣͳԸУ˺ôĵӣȻҸ
ʸ̩ŽһŻĽ欣һЦ񲻸ãƼˮ꣬ƤĽֵܣмԵ޹ʵΪЧһͷݵϷǲڵġɵһڴӦκҪҷỳͼˡ
۾һ˼ǡǳף
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ǾҪṩĶܲ⡣ûԵ޹ʵҳϣҳϣΪѵĳֻ̫͡Ҫ㹻һҲţ
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ʸ̩٬°ͣЦעҪţҲһҽô㣬ٺ١
ȴ˷ܵûͨ졣
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һͻأصסԷٶҲҪֻ֣ҪȴҾͺãһ춯Ϲʱ鷳Գˣ
ǡ
һᵫȴȵڲյ׵Ӧ

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ΪʲôҪɱأ
Ǹ֮ӣ嶼ӵܣ
ҶصջʱɫѾ
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Ҷ˿ԷͻȻʵû˵ҵɣ
Ȼҡҡͷûиû˵Ͻúܺá
Ҷ˵ͷ
ҲܺáȻøǣаȫҲҪ졣
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һĻһĸ裬һģǴʱϿͲҶһλǻʸ̩һ̫࣬üë޳һ㣬üȴһƬȻĮĮһе
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ͬʱǾ˽ƺˣͷҲصسһӣͬҲ˼ɡ


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221 ν
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ɱֻʤǬ̾ʥԺ󱲵һ飬ܸ췲ʤսΪʥˣʥҲΪҵãħһ


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Ҷɵɵһ㶣ţѽѽԭʺɩɩɽҰû棬ΪʲôأȻֳСеģʧˣʧˣһˣС˧췲ɩɩ
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Ǹȷϸļƻƿ߸Ϊ񷱶࣬ƻ΢һʱ䡣
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Ǹ˧췲ǺڵǿȻð𱰣֮ͥ¾Ȼ͸ҸʺɫҦȻǿŭ𣬵ͬʱĵҲᣬḡﶮóϵҲ¡
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ʸ̩üëһЦһʺܶλ̫ܲϤܱĲ˵书һ̳ǰ¥УǵֳԾ۳ǳȻʥʹ˳ɲȷǸʹ֡ʺѵѿ𣿡
˧췲¼ʱ嶼ڷ贫ǹҲжഫţִơ̼ࡱҦ᲻֪ȻЦ´Բӡ
Ŷ޴ںδʸ̩ŲԾ߬ȭͷ
ҦЦգظֹˮİȻһԷĿɨڳ֣֣ص߸ָʹһְַǽɣܽƾ书ߵоϣ˵߸ְܣǰѲ鼩ලٹ١گʣռ顢߷нֹǱ˵һ鶼Ҫãƾ˧췲һ򣬺ܴ׵
Ҧ浲׿еӣֻ;ǽʿܶԸġ
һ˵нڣڳҲгְ͢ƵƵͷԭԸֻ֧ʵ۵ģҲЩĶҡ
ʸ̩Ϊһ֮ȴûҦԲͷǿԵЩ˴˧췲ʴӱѧҲ̫󹦷򡣡
ҦаЦü£˵ǶϷ
ʸִ̩ŭȴҶͻȻһЦʱĿ⡣
ɩɩ߸ְܻһİҶŷûмҦ浼ɱ˵Ŀ⣬ֻȻӡһƣ߸˾ִƵӳ֮ײδ
ŶҦЦһҳ߸Ȼײڣδˣ˧Ӳ书֮ıڳ׸ඣ
ˡ
Ըꡣ
ҶĿɨ˫۾һǵĻʸ̩ŵ˵ͷµ߸ְȨңǱӦְȨ̼͢ξְȨĵطӦý綨
Ѳ鼩ɡگʣ͢ξලٹ١ô̽ڹ̼ࣻǰռ顢а棬߸ְȨʹ˾ලȨܵأȫ֮ߡ
˾Ȩǣƣ²ڹĶǣʵ¡һΧħʵ۱¾Ȼ㱻ħˣǰ߸ٲģкδڱҪ
Ҷֱ룬ֱףֱ˵˾ײڣһڳ͢ԱĿɿڴ
Ϊ˭Ҳ벻ڵȻɵ˧췲ȻִԱײĪʵһٽҦĿ࣬Զԡ
ãúãʸ̩ſĹƣѡ˲ţһ۶éٿָʹһְԵ֮
ҶһѺĵǰûµʱĺϰо˾һػ治ù
Ҧٴֹʸּ̩
ʸ̩ɫʱһʺ㻹кλ˵
Ҧ΢΢һЦʩ£˧̫Ϸ˾̸꣬ڣ˵ٶԣҲһء˧ӻ̫ᣬǱ²Ƽѡ֮٣Ȼһٳɹ
ʸ̩żڶΪ˴ֿǣʵǻʺƼѡ˭
Ҧ¶΢Цħڤ޵С
ʲô˭ʸ̩¶ŵı顣
ڤҼħڤ޵УһΣҦߺһһݵÿ˵ĶС
϶ʱһƬȻ
Ȼ
˴֮һڤҵļһ򵭲
ΪδӦǸ볯͢Ϊ٣ǷǸ˴ҴɵЭ
Ҷа̾ԼһλˣҪǲ¸ϻˣ˧췲׻
¡ʱײ˵ĸ˵߸ָʹһְش󣬱ڤ˧ӽʸ񣬼ȻʺһʱԾϣβԲΪָ֪ͬƽƣնٻʱޣأ
⣡ʸ̩һĴȣôˣ
ҦɫһЦּ


226 ɱС
ˣʵگԻʥ˧췲߸һָ֪ͬٽƷΡմˣ
Ϊ̼ࡱֻּ̫ܵ࣬ЦǺǵضʥּضҶ˧ӣּɣ
˧췲ּлҶζػ񣬽ӹʥּһʮƽЦˣԺСܻҪҪ򹫹ֽ̡
֪Էǻʵǰĺˣңӵٶȴһ㲻
˧˿ˣٺ٣γҸ
뽲
ս˶ϣ˵εѾ׿׿׼Կ죬鱻ͱʮԪϻᣬʮԪϻǸʩѹ˳ȨޣԿķΧӦûʮԪϻرעģ˧ǰиע
Ҷһ˵ͷ
֮Ҷڣ˼
һȻδȫһָʹְλҲǳɹһ룬ڿڵڲȫԼһˡ
ͷ
ʮԪϻȣпܻ뱱ڤ޵мʮԪϻͷ۵Ĳɻ
ɻʮѾŪ嶼Ļ̻̣Ҷ֪ϤɻʵݣҪԸƱҪࡣ
ؼȡѹԴ޵
仹нǰ
ʱ޶࣬ʮչ⾰
ԼܹõȲϳֵܣڲìûȫı֤ԼܹõԴʵ̫ˡ
Ҷ˼ǰ󣬻Ǿһ²źá

ǽȻ·ҶҲϲ嶼ھȻĵط
ˮķ֧ת䣬һƬĺ߼괹ҡҷ
ʱڣϾջɶѣǻƻʱ̡
Ҷʱںϵ㡣Ķŵò촽ͻ߰Ը񡣵ü䣬ϣȴƺѻ˹ǳһϮ֮ϣҲ˹ķ糾գ
Ҷδǰɪ޶ʮңһһ˼꣬ׯԺٴжž顭
Ҷһ㶣ԱߵĽȻЦˣʦ鲻ãǱŮ˦ˡ
ȻûĵһۣǰʦҶˡ

ͷҲأȫе֮ϡ
ҶոµʱƯ͵һͶѹ䣬ȻдϹ
һЦһһʱһβ˶㱻
õĺܣβ𱳣¾Ʋˡ
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ҶЦصҸɢ˴˺һ͵ôһ㡣
Ϊβ˵ùˣһҧЦЦ֪ҡǬСӸؼˣ
Ȼǽѧ˵£Ѿ߰˷֡
Ѹ٣
Ҷ˵֣̯֮תžžɫĵĻۣƬ̼γһɫɵΣҶҡͷβ֣Ѿ˷˼ĵز
֣ص˵ͷǧѧţεıΣ⾭תҲһ˿ģµġ
ҶٺһЦ̫⡣
ƾ׶εĿాоеʣСС๦תԣκιֻҪξͶģ¸߰˷֣οԭʼؼء
һܲµ֣ȷʵһ˶߸Ǹ䵳δ̫Ϸסϳ㶼ֺܽΪһй¶ܣ书ٸߣҲӡ
嶼ǹǰ벽񻰵ĸ֣ıλȷܿġ
ԣҪ֯ԼֻѰЩûбϱ˫ѡеļһӻӳһֽݸһ㾡ܵȥЩ˼׼֮ͽǷǸ󶼲Ըȥ㵹⣬ҲǼٵġ
Ҷæ˹Ȳľ񿴸ȴδйӣҶӣ󽻴һ䡣Щ㾡ȥãˣǶĹסǣҲҪҿƺã񣬿ɱҶ㷭
ҶһЦİɣЩԲ񣬶ĶķǸˡ
ġɱСӡͺܴ̼
С߰ɣûжľƲд㣡
˵ͷ¨ȥ
Ŷˡ߳ȥʮ룬ͻȻͷЦ˵£Ǭ˵ˣ˧췲ƺиСľϲԼǵýհɣ


227 ͽ
ء
ҰĿ񱩺ԶʯȻޱȵش˳
ҶͲס飬ɿشʮ䣬Ⱥشţڵ⿴ܺˮһĵ֮С
ڳʪҳѬĵ֮ڣ˨һ
ǹӴ׶ߵ屻ŨëȫڵòĺУǰëͣһͬ۾ĵҶ
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Ѿĥû˿ΣԭߴͲڡԡκ޾̵ΰģֻʣݹ᾵һƤɼˣǰȻһ֮һüķʹ
Ҷֲţʵ磬Ǹһʧٵġͽ˿ͽ
ǬŶ֣¶һ˿֮ɫ
۰
ͱҵŭ𣬼Էûһ˿Ҳ˲ŷŵĲˣһֻޡ
Ǭ˵˿ͽһֱϽ˧췲н֮ƣÿղͣĥ߽־㶼ʧܸա
˵ţǬӻͳһݸҶ磬ȻʶֻҪԴƣ񣬵мɣһҪʱ֮ǰסʱ֮ʱסᱬˡ
ҶͷӹϧˣһǿͽͷӲıƵơ
Ǭ˵ͷײУɱɱȫƾһʱϲãǹģδһ˵¡ʦַˣĵ׶ɻʮͣʥкҲҪƫԸֳӲյ˧̾ǻһ󺺡

˿ͽ˻ŭǬʾҶʹ
һ죬˿ͽͣӴӳһأȻľ
񡱹Ȼ
ҶӴ̬˷ţħʮ֮һԴ˷סӥ͡Сӥչ𣬵չϮƣնɱ
벻ʥҲַ
Ҷս˵Σ˫˫ۣ˿ͽ벻վȻٺ٣ϻ˵װɡ
ǬʧһЦЩûõģ˿ͽѾطסֱԣʲôףԼ˭֪
ûϵҶٺһЦױȽףҲһЩ
ˣǽˡڣǬҡͷѣתȥ
Ҷ̾һݴ͵˿ͽ˵ǽ׼õ˵ҵ뷨߰£ҺóԺúȵк㣬㲻£취ˡ񡯣ָǣٰ֤꣬ԺɱˣұָɡûУٺ٣㲻˵͵ˣҲͬ˺ðɣ
ŷ˼£Ҷɵؿڣиˡ
ҶתҪȥͻȻʲôͷ˵һ䣬ȥоһ£֤϶ɹΣǻָһ𣬾ɱˣǲһɱ㣬ҪǺˡ
˵꣬ҶƮȻȥ׷ǬıӰ磬Ҹ˸ʰʰ̫ˡ
ӰԶȥڵĵ֮УŨܵë֮˫۾ͻһ¶һ˿׺ľ⡣

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ұ¹͸Ũ£Ӳ԰ףı¹оһһƥ籣ɢǧ˿ơ
ϥСϣ¹£ŨУ迴ҲҪɢǧ˿
ǰһŰڼϷһҹ٣һ˫ƶ
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˵ĺ棬վһװαͺµĻʣ㶼һҲ
ʵںֻܶδ̫
˵Ҳʵһ׺ܲĹϵӡ
ҹ鱾ɣԲŻҹ۽ͷֻҲ벻ԼȻᵯ
ӲһΣ˵Ҳò
ˣ
ҷһֹסңӹαһɫë˲֣˵Ǹͻʸ̩СӶʼȾָ߸ˣ
ʿͨһ򵹣ͽܡ


228 崺
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˻תӵ¶һ˿֮ɫƳһ۵ϵĻʣܣ̫ԼݣԼΪǷǸһ
ʶɸӦ
Աߵα΢΢һЦԵϣҲֲСʣ׿ģܰʧѾõġ񽣡͸СʣҲǴˡϾҲСʧѾõľѧˡ
æûͽФʦ𷣡
ˣһǻʸ̩ǸŮ˹ҧ㻹ʱûжָʹһְպ¼һ㣬Īʧȥɡ
ɴ⣬æȥ
ңҹգµͷȺ
˳̾һ˵ԭƻｫ֮ƾȨ߸ɱڤ޵ִƣȻһУ벻µͷȴǻʸСЦ֮ٵ飬㲻㡣ɫһתͷʵǸСӿ𣿡
α빧ϣϹȻڤ޵ж꣬Ͼӣϵּ⡣
Ϲ磬Ϲ硭ԼѾ˰ɡˣȻҪڤ޵еݣǡϹ硯ĸ־ҲᣬΪ¶вؼʱ̾׳
ǡ
죬˽˽׿ͷŷ˵ЩӰûһ⣬ҲûһԼ̳֮λ٣õȴǰҡ
α뵱Ȼ֪˵˭һǼᰣһĹŵ
ֻˣһ˼ܣ԰㵼µıѣãαᣬһǳкŪģôͿǸǡ
ϣʦţҪ³֡
ˡ
Ҵˣαһ㶣ʲô˼
һ˿ȤɫЦСӣҴСģܲ˽ÿһ˿궼ҵӡⱲӶҵӰ죬һ죬ģУܷڡʧԼѰЩӰˡ
αһɻ󣬲ԡ

զզŮʱǴż졣
ԺҲȷ˻֡
Ӫ嶼ڡ
ոձȳϽãᡢŵ˵ŷֱ֮ط֮ϲԴ޼СҲԱߣС
ûвУģرҪһ
һ޴ľ֮У˺ɫѾƣ뼸ѵõı飬˵
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ǡ
˱ı飬ȴ벻ͷļį
̽뻳ȡһ֮ĽĶķ½¶˳һֻССЬӣССӤŻᴩŵЬӡ
ΪⱲԼӲģһֱΪԼ񣬴Ͳйԡ
¶Ϊ¶ӵʱǸͰ͡СȵСȻǣ
һŷԼĲһʯͷͦһ麮麮Ҳѽѽ֮Уڻ
ǡ
¶徰뱳Լ˱֮ٴαᣬǸĳ
ԼѾһɽǺڤЩȫɳȥѰ徰룬ȴȻûκϢ
һλصԼ嶼ǣ˼磬˵ѰˣĻصĺת̫ʺϣҲǳ͢˾ˣ̼ࡱ̫ƹܣԼûһľģ߸ʵʵڣʣµҲǡ͢ξˡ
ҲʱȥһԼʦء
϶᲻һŭɱԼأ
ͷһеıЬӣ̲ס΢΢һЦйâüΪᶨ

ҶžӣЦؿԼһ͡
ͷƽң崺
͵硣
ΪԼ߸ĸ£Ҷεһ£ǽְ޸ĸģг£ûʸ̩ʾͬʱͳһװҲһ顣
һʼһɵͷȻݣˡ
ǰܾõӾ˧ˣѺٻƣڱԼ˹
ʵմ͵ġѡ˻ʼҵĽƹɫ㡱Ҳʲô㣬ߵĶͷֻǣμβ컯Լϵġʸ̩ŴһӣĳˡС֮⣬ҲΪԻݵС
ȻֻǱ湦򣬵˧췲ػȨʸ̩ҲʮֵͣͬʱҲӿأƴߴЩİףʵ۳֮ʱҲܹ硣
Ҷ룬һ糯ʥʱ򣬳֮ϣ˵Ŀⶼеλ¹ϡ
ȻӢˬҶԸоյĲԡ
ΪʱĻʸ̩ţɫҲˮ


229 ¹
߸ָ֪ͬ˧췲˧˵
߸ָ֪ͬڤ޵Уڤ˵
һ·ϱڤ޵ĿЬ⣬ƳҶһۣȫǸưһ㣬Ҷ˫˫˳֮ϡ
ʱĳ֮ϣſһ۵ĿԱһ߸Űײʬ塣
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嶼ڲɻ͢ξ²ڳĻ̻̣ĶԹԣ˵ΪȻϣǿĿñ񼫣ˡ߸˰20ưڤ޵С˧췲λָ֪ͬ£ҪԴ¿߸Ƿҳ͢ӥȮ
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糯ּ˻ʸ̩ţڸͬ£ҶһΣ߸ڵء
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̾˿ʵʲô뷨
δáҶЦҡͷ
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230 б
߸ʹܹʮλҪϵΪͬʱд󹦡
ʮλȫڤ޵а˽ӡ
߸ʱѾź뱱ڤ޵иͳϽλʹʮɹֱͳ
ʮȫߣζų˻ʵʮ֮⣬ڤ޵ѾռԼĸ֣ȴһ˿áµǧٻǣǺΪҲѡһɶʣµĶ֮Ӳܴġ
ñ˿õҶѩϼ˪
ṩֻ֣Ҫʱ䣬Ȼӵһ֧Լ
ڣһλϵ߸صĴ
뵽˴Ҷ븣˵䣬˵ͷȻˣЩ˾Ͷ˧ͳɣʣµǸǧڣ
¹ڡ
һǷ㲡ʮ꣬ϸʮͷվ˳
ҶĿһɨס
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üһ֪Ϣ֣չǻ֪Ǹʲô顣

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˱Ĵ˼ѾǶͷ׵ĸ鲻ʲôϵôԼ軹
ҶȤؿλʶԼ۵ʱ򣬾ͼ͢ξĻ̼̫أ˾زӣݵʮ䣬ɴ̤㽭׷Ѱ۷֮·
˺ε緢벻겻ȴį
ҲǣϾϸ𣬻ɥ̫Ҳ֪٣걻õҲżΪٶҲֻǸǧ
Ҷ΢΢һЦûȢӱãñҪ߸ߣҲ·ˣٲǰβֻܴҪӼİ£ٱǰ;Զ󡣡
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ŸʲôȥǷ˰

߸ܵĵιȻء
ڻ˵Ĵ£Ҷʮֹ֮µĺţڵĵ֮С
ֻңԶ໥֮ȫ޷ʱ˿ֻ̣һ˵ġ
˵ˣﷸʮΣգԭħ£ȸ֮ʱһħŲ̫Ըʶȸһơԭ֪û£ȻָˣӲػ˹˺㱻ڴ˵ءħµӣǰѾʮˡ
Ҷ˵ͷʾ˽⣬ʾһţ˵֮ڡ
ǼʮƽСطһСڼˮУһͷӰվˮ롣
ˮûеطϢˣһֱĬĬվ⾰
˿̣ǳܡ
ƫƫʱҶȴ¶һ˿Ц⡣
࣬࡭
ɽХĺϮ˾ȻվˮУ˯ò졣

ýʺݺȵѣ˯ˣˣ
ڵϹĵطҲ˯𣿡
ڵĺһͷ¶һŨü۵ӣֻǺüëһץ˾һֻ˯ϡɵͻ
ˮ̣ʮ쳣׳ʵ
ˮã󺺳壬¶Ľ⣬̸ᣬƺǾǵҪըһ㡣
ƺպյĺҶҲֻǴһп벻Ҳó˵ȾŹ
ҶŶԷǺһЦáաеζΣɷģĴ޵ˣ
Էһ֣ؿҶôʵ϶ԽԽСҲסҲTMDӻⰲأ
ûˡҶЦЦһ·ߣһ죬˭˭ɱ˭ɱ˭ɱԼҲôţܻɽ𣿡
ƾ㣿աЦؿҶ
ƾңҶȣһһ٣ڷȻٰɱǸˣķ
աɫһ㶼֪ãɱǸˣҵġ


231 ۳
աХɽûʲôоɱ˰ˡ
ˣ˭ûɱأ
ֻաХɽɱЩ࣬Ҳǰ׵ʿˡ
ΪˡɡУХɽ˹ݳ׷ʱòһŭ֮£ХɽֿĴɱ˸ôϵ¡ӸϴµӣһʮĿڣȮ
˺ΪƵХɽɱ¾ģʽܹĸ·ֲǧˣǸĸֶ榻ͮķ
ݺὭʱ䣬ȻѪɫͻ˽ޣ˹顣
еȷˣһ뵱Ȼ壬աХɽ֪ӲɱΧУղķǸ֣־ܡ
ǵ³ȴΪ͵ʱࡱᰵʾһѺħ£һȥʮꡣ
¼Ȩ
Ҷûʱһһϵ£Ͼǰ׵ʦһĳṩʵǶٻתصļһ⡰աХɽпԭ
ҶҪģǿʵǴ֮ͽֻҪҲá
߸Ĵﻹж˷ϵмˣ
˶ͷðֻܴˣǶǼնġ
ˣˣҶһ֣ҲܣҪǻ·
ǡδ
Ĵ̫ˣ˶ǳͶƣã׼ļһȫˡ

ǡɾ°ס
ǡӡա
һһգָеķˣܸҶ˶˱ΪħŴ棬Χ˴ʧ֮ȴ֪ΪݻͤɽǰΪʴƣнڴˣն
ٺ٣벻֮㡣
˸۱ѽˮҴɱƶʱĽˮһ۷ߣѪħĪӶݣ߻ʡʥ
߻ʡʥһ벻Ӷݳһֱ˽졣ֻ˼ȻʥͶƵУôΪˣ
һСģġӡ˵СʦֶˣԭħŵӣֻʥΪ죬ɰɣʥħݲҵȶˣСʡ޺ʥѣҪնݳйͷ֮ޣħŶҶ˲άҶ˽ޣҶֻĶӣڻͤɽݡ
Ŷ˻棿ҶȤؿŶˡ
ްԡһ°ͬĵͷ
Ҷ죬ͷ¶ѯɫ˻쾳ϵķˣڷмˡɢ¹ʡ
Ҷɵõ˵ͷͬʱϸ˼Ƭ̣˵Ļкܴܡ
⽭ϵﵫЩģ̸ڣ˾ﷸܶΪۺգֻЩûпɽļһŻᱻ˾ˣħƵ£ƾʵݣĨ֣ǵһɧ
ȻˣǶһᡭĻᡣˣǴ
Ҷһ£еĲۿѺ͡
üͷλ̫Ϊħǣ˶ҷţһǳ¶˿ʰʷԹٲһüа¾͹һˡ
һ
ջ˼˿ᣬ־ܻңʮ״ǰھ롮̫ƽկͽʧǸҦ뿵ӯãն
ޣӲıӣһмǹʤʲôзǸǣӣǵɱ˼ҪķǸôôץͬеͣаǸǸѣ
죬ô˴󾪺ֹ
ҶһЦ
⡰־ҸɶӹĿɽ
ȻҲ
С
ҶһͻȻ¥ύԼǸܻĴ󵱼űΪڵˣ̰ľ볯͢ĹϵɣԷİԼͷ֮£λ̨йء
Ҳգ֮ʣȴ˵
ţ
ҶǺһ֣ˡա֮⣬һ֣ԼһУһͽɵİˡ
ѺУҶĽŲͻȻһ٣ǳָһڵʵڲôôĵѺһˣ


232 ֪
ŵһˣӲʮͷһɵģϸϣȴΪӢֻǵĻЦ˾Щƻ
´żȴһںģڵϣڵػεŶȡ
Ҷһοˣӡ͸еЦΪЩֵԴޣڶӡ;ԴһǷᡣ
оһƣҶΣҪһ١
Ҳǳæ˲ᣬ󷽲˵ޣˣΪˣ˳ơҹ㡯ֻʱѺڴˣΪ˽ƻ쳣ÿζлߣڴ˵ֻΪϷߡǸɻͬն
ƨǲɻȫҶǲɻ
СһһԾЩ˶Сү氮ûһǿȵģҪβСıԩͷԼñӣŰŤ͹ٸĸ˻ץң
ԭǸġҪĻ
Ҷˡ
˵˵ͷЦǲ¹ٲ۶ϣ͵ȴ֣ṦǷһ켶ֶ׷ιĶǸǸŵӣֻû˼Ϲҹң׽ڴΪϷǷǸʮֿصӵܣԲűǸɸãͶΡ
һ̾СүˣԺ󣬲֪жټҹ밧ˣж˼ɼ׷桭ǰк˶ˣ
̫Ƿˣ
ҶЦһУҲҪˣų
ˣȻɫ˶ʱ󾪡
ûϵҶЦа취ó͢иҲԽջ嶼ĲɻͬУϣ
еһɱʱϲһյդԼеǺ۹⣬¸ȥҲ磬Сл˶䡣
Ҷ˿ԷЦһ֮󣬼ǵΪֹҼһ㣬©ǳ鷳ٺ١ֱ㣬̼ϴ裡

Цӵʱɫ˼ƲίʵݶԺ󹬾ɫȴ˵ֱҪʹࡣ
˾СļΥ
ҶתȥͬʱԸҵļ˶ң

䣡
䣡䣡
ػҶ׵ҫӿ£ĿɿڴҶͬһ㣬ǹ龳ľ֡աХɽӲĸĽֻһͷ
աХɽͷתһɫ
𣿡Ҷʡ
ˡХɽԴ
Ҷٺһ֣ͷˣȵأ
æҡͷ
òóԱ˯þٽ
ٴҡͷ
ЦǸͬͻһ󺺶Ҷ򣬻쾳ˣ񲻸ǰ׸
ãȻˣǾͽһ
Ҷһ̤ڵϣһХɽ棬һ֣˱ָż߸ʿ̧һ̳ƶ
ոԡ
ѵλΪĴҪǺȾƣǿͷݰӣ
ҶҲ۹⣬ֻһ̳ڣŨľƮɢһ֣һɾˮֱ˹һ񣬺ֱð£Ƭ͡
ҶɻĿ⣬л˵Ƕǳ̵͢ǰҲãԩҲգȻҪ泯͢£Ͳòµ㶫Ҳʡʲô˼һ㣬ֻӦϰɣ
ɫȻͬʱͷ
ţ͢סʿֶλеģ¶룬λ˲֪Ǻ⣬ȻҪ¾
ҶһЦڵϻ˵͸Ǽµ㶫⿴Ƽ򵥣ҽµڣȳҲ֪֪Υҵ³
˵һˢˢˢ
Ƭڣλú÷Բͬ
ֻôڴ΢΢һű˿ڴôӶӲ裬ҧгҲֵס̰ʹֱҧʹȫҴܣƤʿѪҲ޼¡
һҽУ£ֻǺѾڵϣͣؿͷģ̵ıХɽҲֻ㿪ʼ
Ƭ̣ʹ൹أͣѪģ޲ɱ¡
ҶʱƮǡ˼áܡסεɣ
ҵȼסˣĹҵȣ
ҵȰ±ؾľ˾
ңң

Ҷ˵ͷɽơÿһġ
һů壬ʱʹȫ
ХɽҪվȴǼζΪֶҶĿУ˾ηֶһ˿־塣
ڵϣ˸ʺ°ĭˡ


233 ҹ볭
Ըʿ̧ȥãԼʱ֮󣬾Լ²ĸۡ
Ҷڻµ֣չõĸۡ
⸮ۡǲСҲиΪҶѡˡ
Ҷ򵥽䣬һͷ֮ڣоɵɵ˿ͽ
˿ͽڵġ񡱵ֶξȻħŻҪ嵱ѡõһ޵ľ磬ʼʱļΪ֮ҺȻü쳣ʱһãȻѾ˿ͽڵľһ
壬ʱʱ̿Ӱ˿ͽǣƫƫּȥŪþ˾书ʧȫ
ҶʱŸȥ˿ͽؿڸһ룬ʱŽѪ⡢룬Ƴ⡣
⻹ҶҽֶΡ
ĸʱһɫȻҹ
ҶԼ˿ͽŶԷһƬ̲סЦǰѾ֪²˧췲Ҳȷֶξ롮񡯵Ŀ˰ɣʱѾʱ̣ǰӦ΢һЩõ˵
Ҷ˵꣬ŶԷһƬţ̾һ˧̾һʦȻ뵽޵ľƳ룬뾭ںϣӾѶȣ㵽һ㣬ȴûϵ޾ϾҲѪ⣬ľʺϵʱ䳤ˣҲΪͬȻʱ伫Ϊǰ书ʵѾָǣʱѳʱ̵˰ɣ
Ҷһ䣬ԭһƬŵ˿ͽоһھ۽Ҷϣ¶һ˿͵Ŀ⡣
ֻԷ𻰣Ҳûжֻ֣¶һѯʵģ
Ҷ̾˿ǰҲܿˣµȻʲôٷְˣǰҲʥˣ֪µ˼ҿ԰ȥһЩ£ҵһףպɣұ֤ǰ԰ȻȥͬʱҲ˳ŵȷԲΪ˰ɣ
˿ͽ¶һ˿ЦȻҶ꺮ůܲðȻҰϵļʼ壬ĳŵص˵ͷ
ãյȥȵѾ˼ְաֻҪͬʱγһҪϰϰ
Ҷ˵ֵڿʼӰ룬ϣҴȥ䣬ʶˣɱˡݻأҪ˴Ŀס
˵һָϷŵһ޴ͭӣһɺĲ˼ףǧѰģһͭߣڸס
˿ͽ¶Ȥı飬ڵ꣬ʲôӡ
˿ͽϣ˻¡ֲиǣƾҵӴֱһƶıݣסӣһɭȻϢ˶
Ҷһͷһϲ
࣬TMDˣ

ҶڸۡʱХɽѾʱ֮УγԱ㡢ϴϣͷŽĴ磬ʱüòһ£Ȼмֲɫ˵ĵӻָҲǿĺܡ
Ҷűһס˿ͽ֮ʱԭλϵ˶ʱһվһ䱸Ϳ־ؿҶĹ˵ѹ֮£ÿ˶üķۣ
øֲĹ
ˣ
һʩ
ɡҶкһһͬһԵĻˣʵĶź𣿡
ˣķԸźˣ
Ҷ˵ͷǾˣȰ˽¡̡

ѪͳҶһҹڽͷС
˿ͽ޷֮⣬༸ڻ˵Ĵ嶼һ·ȥЩ緢֮С
⼸˴ǱٸͨҪƽﶼηηĻţţһʱǴΪ˷ܣͬʱҲǲԣ֪Ҷǵδ
ʱ֮һռعģСĸۡǰͣ
ۡΧأ߸ʿڼλٻĴ½ۡΧסҶٻǰ
ҶɨһۣʵΣúˣȷ˷ڸУ
һٻǰˣһ٣ȫڸС
ߡ
ҶźһģԦֱš

˲ԣΨХɽüһ¶һ˿
ˣˣ
ҵ֮֨ѽһյŻ򿪣һ͢ƷٷȻվǰۿҶһۣص˧㣬糯ոոΣϱٸۡ󶯸ɸ֪꣬ν°
ҶŶԷǿŭףͤˣٺ٣ҵġ


234 
֣ͤչñϳ֮ԭǡࡱߣǵõʸ̩ŵΣϧڻʸ̩ŵǻ֮ǰһҹϣŻӡʸ̩һߵѪȻλүıʱֵͤʵ̫ңǱʸ̩Ŵ乬ٴࡣ
ɼˣͤɺ̨ӲǷǸŵӣ׸Ԫϣ£ʶȻûܵõࡱһְ顱úȵ
ͤȨٹüȥߵúܽǰ˺Ĵ࣬޲šĸּ֣ţȻһ֮£֮ϵ̬ȣʸ̩Ŷ߸ˡ
ҶҹΧŭɶ˵ҶҪˡ
ͤһ䣬һң֪ͤ£ҪͶ˵֮£
ҶһЦͷһע֮ɫաХɽȻ˾ٱ˵Ҹӣʮ̰Ƹݺⷪͼı
ͤһɫʱࡣ
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֮£ԹûʲôýȰ˵
Ҷ֪ͤһֱǾ޶¥·ؿ֮УεҶȫȵĻֶ飬ϢҲǼ֤ؿвٵطԱͽʱдźͻ¸˱
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ͤȻЩʿѲ飬ѳʲôɾ군ˡ
Ҷһε˽ҪıǸաХɽͷ֮ͤеӣݺХɽɴɱ¾ԣձʮꡣ
ҶһڣХɽ˼ۣХɽʱҪɵԸм˼֡
ֻҸĺ񣬱ǸΧļ߸ٻҲ㷲
缸λε˧ǲǿͷˣǸ缸ڼӵ£ôΧͤĸۡ
ҾҲ˭֪ͤߵĺܽóţλϰϣֻ»壡
̫ԲˣŪǸ缸űڹ
ڹ£ֻҪԴУ

ٻֹĵǡ
һߵͤҶʣһЦ˧˺ôĹ۵úôñӰֻ˧˰ҹǰҪæһˡΪ٣ҸԪϣǷǸ󹩷˵СС߸ָ֪ͬٲƷǻָʹˣǵ£Ҳң
ͤһӲ߸İٻǸ϶Ҫù
ҶĻҲοߵˡ
һĻȴʼδ
飡
һ䣬Ҷڸͷ֮ϣ̧Ⱦһţͤţֱӽ߳ȥ׾룬۵һԱߵ֮ϡ
ͤͷתһۣۣ³Ž
㣬Ҵңͤŵı飬Ҳ벻ףһ˱³ŵ߸ȻͬʱǸٹ
ΣҶм˵ͤҿǻòͷˣ֪֪ƾղŵĻҾ
ƨͤ˲˧췲̫зǸ飬ȵմ͵βҵûȨ
һңͤڶʱʮĻԺĿ׶񣬷׷׺ֹ
ҶĿһ䣬źȺȵһɻԺãúãͤҽ㿴ûȨ
ҶһͷԱԼɰǧ߸ٻС죬ȵͤ۾ϣڿּͼı߸ʿͤһС£зߣɱۣ
˵꣬Ҷ͵һɡաХɽХɽ͵һȣɱ

һȥ
һȭͽͤڵء
λ쾳磬ȴûһʵս飬ʱͲ򱳹ȥ⻹ХɽˮΪԷѡ
Хɽһ򣬷׷ǰȥƷһɻԺ
ͤǿڴѪͣ𣺡езǸ飬езǸ顭
Ҷǰֺ˵Υ
䣬䡭
죬ʮԺɱں֮ڵɵףġ


235 ֪
Ҷ̫죬ںŵİٻСǻûȫս±Ѿβ
ҵϼϣҷֿһ£㱻Хɽ֮⣬ҵǸǸϱҲûзʲô
ǸͷӶѻҰȾѪϣұѹʱλ˸ĶһҶŭĿӣ͵СӣСˣҵңٹˣ׿Źģ
žž
ҿ⣬ֱȷһڵĲ
ХɽЦǺǵһָԼǵһүү
㣬ǡ
ϣһ־壬Ȼϳ˶Էȴһʱ벻֡
Ҷһ֣ˣȥ˵ȸϸѣǸ¥Ƹ׵
ХɽһЦһѽϣҳȵɣϹ
ŶԷХɽ˺Ժ
Ҷһ֣Ҳ£л˵һ˵
˻һ£ȫˣϴţҶͤ鷿֮ڡ
Ȼǹһ˿ͽ

Ҷַ˷ڰ֮ϵļţ漫֮ԣǵطԱͨͤżЩڣһ̰û⡣
Щͤ⣬зǸٹ٣Ҳ޴󰭣ؼǰ˧췲Ŀĺڡ
ҶͷҲֻ̧Ƿһ˲ʵˣкҪأ
ͤһ˧췲㹹ݱ١
žһ죬ͤɫһ࣬³ݣŭкλҪʣ
񻰣
Ҷ˱˵ͤļ򣬵ϲɴľͷ˵ͱʲôط

һΣͤɫ䡣
㡭Ϊ桭
ž
һͣͤһ
ش󡣡ҶЦҪʱ䣬ҪΪҲ֪ѾԮ˵ľ˵Ǹ֪ʿ˭
ͤϾѡΪѶƹǸΪե͵ֵѾѶΣÿһζͤڳ
Ȼʸ̩Ŷ֪ͱѺںδʵľڣǿԿģڸṩҶľڼ¼УҶעģץ֮ǰǸṩ׼ȷλ鱨ġ֪ʿ
Ȼһͽжץסˣ»иա
ͤ˻ߣ㵽˭
ҶɭȻһЦʵ˵˵ģʣ𣬴ֲˡ
ͤ¶־ɫ׶Է˵ΪΪʲôͬʱҲţԼĻᱻԷɱƣΪԷԲԼڵġ
ҶӶԷп˵ʲôһЦָָ˿ͽ˼ȻԸشҾͻʡҪ֪ʱҪȥҲǼѵ£
˿ͽǻεһ²ӣһͤ

ʮ֮ҶһѪ˿ͽ߳鷿
ΣҶԲʹ˿ֶΡ
ٻ˶һηصȺ⣬ոմĺĲҽ˫ȴ־ǳ
Ҷ֣ǰһ㱨ˣһؿ⣬иԱţԼ
ʲô
ѹԼҺڣʮ˽ܵżвٶ֤ܻͤ¸͢鱨
õġЩȽҪǵýң
ּ˴ʱ˧췲Ѿη壬һ˿ء
ô˵ôĳ͢Ա˵͸ˣҪʵ֤ͤȷͨ
ҹ£Ҷ̾Ϣһа˵㽻һ䣬ȵͤηɱǰѽһ״СȺּ͢ɡ
뵽һ£ǰˣ֮ͤϣҡҲˣ޲֪١
䣬Ȼһ󾪻ʧĺƹƹҵٽӽһõĴűһ߷ɣһӰХҶǰ
һӢŮͣŭĿüҶȵӾȻҹϮ͢٣ͤڣҽ
˷裬ҶǷǸһɡ
ҶҲ֪ǰˣ̲סٺһЦԭǷǸӢӮŮΪ󹩷ͤ
ϻ˵أ
ӭŶԷĿҶ˿ã̯˫֣ǸŮˡͤѾ˹ⷪһУڱ£丸ϣ˫˫ηɱˣ
㡭
ӢĿ࣬ɱ
Ҷüͷһ壬˵ηɱʲô£糯ǰ۶ϣ


236 ü
๫
һӷڴšۡʹ鷿д
ڸոն֮ʱҶע⵽ǰȥʦԮͤƹǰӺý鷿֮ڣȻҲῴͤĲ
ͬʱҲѾע⵽ʱǽⲼ˷ǸŸ֡
ӢɫѿжǲƵɱǧû˸ڷǸͷ϶첻˶ˣɱǻŵˣʵǲ󣬸ǲˡ
Ӣ৵ذνʣһָҶ־ܣҵǰл

ǽͷӰ֣ķǸŵӣˢˢذνʣüԺе߸ˣָɱ
ֻҪӢһ£ɽԺʮҵ߸СԱɱɾ
ԺЩ߸İٻǣλ˧ˣ˷Ǹ󣬿û֮ˡͬʱԷǸͱŭ
ƫƫλ˧췲˧˾һͲԲûκεҶЦؿ˶ԷһۣɤȻǸ󲻹һɣٺ񣬵͢ʲôʱֵǲˣԱоҲҪʮԪϻȨʸѯ٣ƾǡʸ𣿡

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243 ԧ
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ԶҦһЦʦǸ߿λ˧췲ˣǱҷǸɱɢĲеȻˣʵ˵ǲΪãʦʧ
һֳĽλ·Ц
ʤˮƣʺԼǣϳ浳ҵȹ±ͷܣ浳ףһ߸ֵĸ߹٣ȻһӴŮӻˣй˵ġ
Ц߳
ʸ̩ź޵ȴǲܱ粵䡣
̫Թıڤ޵Уʵڤ֣˵λʿƽôݴ¥л˳ԾǸͷڹ꣬˲ðɣ
ڤ޵ɫӲԵԶвʵ֮˧췲Σ֡
һʱ䣬˵Ŀⶼ˱ڤ޵ϯλ֮嶼׸١
ٰ˧췲˶ԼЦŵֻ½Զвʵɡ

ҹͷ
һЦԲʵ֮ˣҿǸԾ⼸ʮҲĲлᣬٴƹ񲻷Ҳսһ£˵Ҳˡ
֮ڣʱһЦˡ
ɫڨڨŸЦĿȴʸ̩űߵĿ⣬ʱͷ˧췲һ
һֱ׿·δ˪ʱ̾Ȼҿе˧췲˲ǸʥսҲôϧ˧̾ǸϹȻиôĶӡĿƳ˻ʸ̩һۣȻܸڤֲгãЦ
·δ˪Ļ̼ûʸ̩࣬Ｘѡ˧췲顣
һ˰Żʵ۵ûЦ̫Цͳ񣬷׷ڻʸ̩ϣܻʵ޵ݣƫ޷ϯȥͷƣ޲иطʹ˽ȥ
׿¶һ˿мЦУǸ˧췲пǺµԼˣ˲ͷ¶βûд󺦣Ŀʸ̩ţȻ˧췲ˣҿ߸ָʹһְͽڤְɡ
ʸ̩ΣҪͷӦͻȻ䴫һЦ˧췲еİ˧ĳĹְɣô˧ĳٵƬ̣͸˧ĳôһñӣ
飬飡
졣
żŮӵľĸȡǧĵķǸŮӣֱǰˤ˸˲档
һʱֻĸˣ顣
˧췲
ʸ̩žϲ̧ͷٳԾȥ·δ˪¶֮ɫǸ֮ŭĿѡɫĿ⣬뿴֮
벻Ȼ˲ϧ
벻˸׿˵
˳˸ɫĿ⣬ҶȻ̤֮ڡ
ҶһϮۣͦӢΰˣʯ࣬ŮӸƤȫݳǰ
Ĵʿһ߱ģʹǼխʵ崺񣬹ǴĳЦ⣬̬֮ʹ߰ԵǿаȻ˵
ڳľֿ಻밵ޣ˧췲ֻòȷǸ֮ȵġɡҶ
һЦȻ·δ˪ǹ˸ƴȵãããԹӢ۳꣬˧̾Ķӣ˧췲
Ҷ΢΢һЦ¶ڳзǸŮĶĿѣĽݣϸ·δ˪󣬵·δ˪ѹ˸


248 Ѷս
۷׷׵ʱ
һ£˶ȵúϲ
˧췲ϳ·δ˪֣Ϊ·δ˪سϢѾ嶼ǣڴ˵صиУҲֻΪλ⣬ܹ׿ߣĶơ
˾Ǵ֪Էǡ·δ˪İ벽񻰸֣ȻԸֱ־°׵һȻ֮׿󶼲ôڣǽΪݵĵط
Ҳеûߡ
ţпɿĵط
Ҷѯʣ·δ˪ٿʱһĪƣѹڳ˶͸ĸо
ȺС̫ǿ˧췲İԱСӣʥ˻ǿԴսն˪񽣣ȺۣǲΪҵʥ
Ҷβ˵̫ף΢΢һЦսǵзѣǰĪҶ˻Ϊһ̸
ìڡʤĿתעҶɫݵ˧СѣٵĲǣ¸սűˣδ̫ҵȷ˰ɡ
ҶһЦνù׿б½ȴŵŮҲңԷ̣ѵΪҳ͢ԱǸ˶𣿡
Ҷϴһңڹ۵Ưʸ̩һֱʱ˼֡
һݣʤɫһ˧СѵǹСȻڷǸҲ˿ĳ䲻赶ŪҲòȳ֣СѺúֽһʥĹˣ
仰䣬ʤҪ³֣˭óìڡʤǶŭ
ֻǰò½°ɡ
ϯλϵıڤ޵ͻȻһ䣬˵ע⣬λ˧С߸ָʹһְϲһۣҲù׿Ծ񡣡
һһƬк֮
·δ˪Ȥ׿¶Ϸ֮ɫʸ̩һš
ð
Ҷһ˦ȣ崺ȻҪֵ¼£Ҳ󹦷ֻλ·ǰõǶλ֣ҲȳԾ١
һ˶ʱѻȸ
̫ˡ
Ǹⳡҹĸ֣а϶Ž¸ֵǰһҶֶ۾Ȼֱս벽񻰵ĸ֣ⲻǿǷˡ
ڲڸȻ׿סʸ̩Ŵɵ·δ˪Ҳһš
Ҷߣ·δ˪һе˼ˡ
޷
ҶȻһЦָڱһַڱǶ˴궯£ᣬƤ˰ˣ֡µһµģǲܽ˰̣պ֮ʱкԶ˼أպˣҲиʼĻⲻǣ
ɫ䡣
ոĸֻڳЦ˧췲һŮû뵽˧췲Ǹ֣˼ŷһֻΪ룬ҲΪպи⡣
·δ˪ʱ¶ЦԷǵɫȻȻˣǱ֣
֡
һ䣬Ҷֻ崺ĵѴʱ䣬˶е轵ɭɱȫ
·δ˪˵ͷǰ
Ѿ˳׼ıڤ޵кͲʤɫ΢䣬˻һۣ㶼Ĭ
Ȼó֣·δ˪˾̫˧췲棬ͬҲڲŷ˲˧췲һ㡣
ֻǶҲ벻ʱ·δ˪Ҳд㣬Ϊǰ˧췲˵ǵһμ棬ƫƫϤĸоͬƳ֮£ɵֵҶ
Ϊʵ̫˻ˡ
·δ˪Գ֣֤˧췲书ΪţֻҪ֣˧췲װֻҪǼٵģͱȻ¶ڡ
˧췲ҶǶ̫ˣ츳ٸߣҲޣʮͷͣﵽĳɾͣȻһѧרʱ̫񹦾Ϊ̫ѧˡ
֪ҶôĲѧ
ͬεĽܳ߱Ƚϣûбʤƣۼµ񹦾¼ûһ˱ȵϣ񻰾ƵУҲȲΪСŋϵͳ֧֣ٸѧɶһ֮󣬱ʮȣǳġ
·δ˪룬ҶѾ͸
ֻҪԼѧýһеˮƽ±ȻʧܣҲᱻ˻Ҷ
ҲҶս·δ˪ԭ
ô֤չ˧췲ĵԺû˸һΪݣ͵ڻ·δ˪
ҶԵȷ񣬵Ҳᡣ
ڳŮɵöҦرģ˿̶ȻĶ


249 ħ
ΰĴ嶼Ǻ򣬱ϲԶʮϻĽȺ
ʱ֮ڵƻͨİ׵ȻɷǸڴٿ칦ᡣ
֮ϣ˽պյʿʱ˵Ŀ⣬ۼ˵ڵϡ
˧췲·δ˪
Ϊֹ֮
ԭֳĴ֮ڣš
·δ˪ϯλЦؿŶġ˧췲
ҹҶ֮⣬˶֪ʮ·δ˪ûжۼλֳڼɶ۾Ŀѡ
˫벻ʮɣ·δ˪ǰ
ֻ̨̤׵ĵһ˵ϢȻȫ
·δ˪΢Цӯ⣬˵Уǰ·δ˪ѻΪһɭȻ˵սľ
һأʮʵΪ΢ķǸŮӣ˲˹ȥ󷭰ۣ°ĭ

˶ܵǿѹϺ죬ܵĿʼԼѹ޿϶޴أ˶ҡҡ׹˱סԴ˲
ϵĸкãÿ·δ˪ĸ֣¶־ı顣
ǰ벽񻰣
Ѿѧ۷塢
⿴ֵܵӰ죬λڳڵҶȻѹ籩ġ
ϵλ벽񻰸ֶŹع΢ЦӢĿɫʿ޷ԶƮ죬ƼΪˣ԰벽񻰵ľ֣һ㲻η壬޵Уһ
ǿţ
˵ﶼһʺš
ìڡʤħڤ޵С졢̫׺͡ȡηʦ˶ɫء
˶֪˧췲Բ·δ˪Ķ֡ΪθսѵͲ·δ˪һʧ֡ɱ
û˿Իش𣬰ҶԼ·δ˪
˵ȼֶս춨ܿơ
Ϣȴ潻һ̡
ˣ
·δ˪ڶ
һŷ̤˵񡭡
ۣ
֮ڣµĸʣ켶ĸͷĿѣ²ֹ
ֻй龳ϵĸ֣ǿֿסѹɼϵļ̨֣׿Ҳɫ԰ףɫء
ڻʸ̩źҦ浣λʵۡʺѵھϯ֮䣬ͣ鴤
ǿѹҶֻ崺ĵϣɮ붨ǰһ޶á
ڳʿɵ˿ΪǿóҶƵֿסŽ崺ĵ⡣
ˣ⡰˧췲ֿ·δ˪֮ã֮ϣҲƾ
˧췲ӢۻЩСˡ
ʱ˿̣Ҷȫŵ崺ϡ
һų⣬һľʱռ䶼һ˿©ĸڴ֮䡣
ĸоŷԼеĵһ壬ֻһʱϹֵͨ
ͨĵҶУҶҲǰ񵶡
ȫѻȸֹ
Ҷŵ·δ˪ÿһս˶ĸо
Ҷ뵱ǰڳһ壬Ȼɣ۵ĵеĽʯƾ˴ҲȻ
һ޷ݵӡ
·δ˪ǰƣٴ̤˵һص
ƣΰɽģȻȻ¶޿ɿȡ
֮¶Ȼ֮ɫ
Ϊ˴ʱҶҲȫ޳ֵ˼ȴۣѡ
ǣеԪڲϵҶۣҶػһĵƣȫѰ

·δ˪ͷЦò⣡
ʱǴǿҵĵ֮Уز
ϣ
һxǣҶ崺ʶֻһնؼԪʶŷռ䡢ʱ䣬һ룡
˵ĿⶼɲǼͣһŷ궼С
ÿġ
аһ
ֻһȴоѵ֮
ն
Ҷոյõõǿ
ֵȻܴȴҲܴ˲ֻ
ֵ˼Уֵı仯Ҳκηõġ
ֻһûκα仯ֻһնȴ˵еı仯
Ϊһʱõĵλʱ䡢ٶȶǾȷģǡܽҶȫȫӵޡ
֣
ҶҲû֣
Ϊ·δ˪һڶľ֡
ħһ߱һٱ
·δ˪¶أͬһʱ̣ԭûʹõ񽣡˪ԾʣʹһУ
ˡ
һһڴ֮ײһ


250 һжֹ
񵶣
񽣣
ɹ¾µʽȺǰײһ𣬺޻ٵһӲƴ
ߵµӰͬʱ˲佫ֵĶΧ˵ģ˹γһ״ֱ֣ӽڵҶ·δ˪棬ס˶ƥһжԺ䣡
ˡ
ҵĲСĿռڱ޴סԵħʱо޴Ĺİ֣ŷʱ̶Ὣһ㻤ͱơ
ߴĸڽŰȫӡûй¶ֺûܵ㹻Ҳûɥ
ƬһأҳһⳡҹȫĻˡǣסɢȴס·δ˪̺֮ıԡ
ৡɢ
⣬˪⡣
ûֻ֮ͨı˪ûֳ
ʱۿĻֻգ֮䣬ǽ𶥵ͳһѩ֮
ΣͷͳһѸٵߵӰɱ˲䣬ֵֻͬҶһÿ˶ıѩסڸסΡ
飡
Ϣһ׿ɢϵıѩ
飬顭
ìڡʤħڤ޵С졢̫׺͡ȡηʦҲϱ⡣
Ͼ㶼ֳŵɫ
ڳͣ󲿷ֶʧȥʶʣĹ龳֣붯ݡ
˭õͲʮġ˧췲ܹӲס·δ˪ĺޱһ
飡
ȫעĿ֮£Ҷȫѩ¶һŲ԰ȴ־ǿЦǴŵѪգ˾Ǳһɹ°ɭȻ֮УһͷĶǡ
Ψһ״ģֻ·δ˪һˣһУҶһۣ쳤Цõ벻·δ˪δ뽭¼侹ȻӢۣˣ
֮Уìڡʤ͡ȡηǴײĸ֣֪ĲпᣬҲĳΪݶ
˴ʱ˸ɫԷе𺧣Էɱ
Ӳ˵һҶ
׿ʱͬ⣬ұǸ˧췲ʵǼҶ󣬵ССͣȻ书ѵɲĵز
ƾ֪֮֮԰֮޷ǸԼΪ

׿һתɫж÷ѩ̬֮ȻǸ֣ܹ˵һδòΪڶĽ
׿ϵһҶ˧췲;ԲܷŹҪôãҪô紦
Ҷһؿڣ۵һѪ·δ˪Цϧ·ǰǲöడһ֮Ѿþȫ·ǰӮˣɴã
·δ˪üͷһ壬벻Ҷ˿䣬ԼȻҲ˼ŪĿ֮£һǰɱһûз֮ĺ󱲣ȴǲãοԼѾ֤ʵԷĲҶٰ磬û˿Լĺۼͬʱ书ҲеĵѧδҶ֮ʥĦƺȴԵ
Էȷ˧췲Ҽ̳Ħƺе˫ԼԵϵͻơ
ȻѾ޷֣·δ˪ЦһȻӢ۳꣬Ⱥһˡ
˵һ˦䣬Ц˻ϯ
ʱڵ֣Ȼɵվţ׷֮󣬲˲ŷ֣ʱĳڣȻһ𱻱
ղŵһֵ֣֤ݡ
ʱϯϣǡìڡʤħڤ޵С졢̫׺͡ȡηʵ׿󣬶ѾȻ
һʵĸ֣沢δϯ˵˭
ʱҶҲؿųԼ󷽵ı
׿ȻŻѹˣЦһλαѵýȺ۾룬ñΪλһλѡ

ѩٿȻ顣
һѮ⡢뷢Ұ׵ߣֳ
һϮɫϣһѱ¶ͷ׾ϣԴ԰ֻ̬ĿɨǰҶ֮ʣ΢΢Щ
׿λϵ˫֣ݳսŵտ
һ䣬ȫ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ԭտա
ͷβϺ꣬ڰȫַ֧Ǹ
ҶԽ䱸֪ǣǰλտգʵҲ䱸
տ벻ھɽǸˣΪ۳ҵĽȻ˸ҪˣԶԵᡣ
һֱĿһеĵֵļʡ
˿ʸǺεУƣŻָ˳̬


251 ֮
·δ˪һг֮Ҷ䣬޷ʹɱ֡
ͬʱҶľٶҲݴ˻λռʱȶ
뱱ڤ޵б䣬ӮϣһˣԼ߸ָʹȫûϷˣ·δ˪汣棬ָ֪ͬĹְҲ
˻ʸ̩֮׿󵱳֮ǰĶԼץסŪ嶼Ļ̵̻ĲɻΪʮΪޣ߸ָʹѡ
ҹؿϯϡ
׿ĿɨЦӯӯ˧ڤ֣ʱڣ߸ҲҪϷǸ󣬵̷ϳ棬ֱնΪֹŶ
ǡڤ޵֣ش𻰡
ҶЦǺǵص˵ͷͬʱΪĩְڣȻҵһתŻʸ̩һ֣ĩвʣϯһ
Ҷⲻ׿ɫǰԼ࣬Ǵ棬ʸ̩ͷ⣬ȴתͷ˿׿󣬼ٱ·δ˪һۣһЦȻ˧岻ʣǱȥɡ
л¶׼Ҷϯֻǳ·δ˪һ֣תƮȻȥ
ֳ˻ʸ̩ź·δ˪֮⣬Ⱥ۾û˿λС
߲֮Ⱥ𣬵Ҷкں

ҹɫ谵һˡ
봦նڵʮֽͷ֮⣬һͨլԺ֮УҶɫȥǳ̽ͷ̽ԡ
һ׵˿ͽվԺſڣȨ
֨ѽ
ҶͲסƿʵôˣˣ
ҴбԼ
һľϣһϺһСͷ棬રડسź̡
˿ǳϣƤİСҶѵһģ򿪴֮ʣպһ紵̴һмķɣɷǺÿ
յģҵġɲݡСͷԭһģתһٰʮȣƨɳҶСӿشͷӾôһ縱ˣ
ҶæӴ˽һ۵ˮװС׵ĵصЦشĵүүң£
ܹҶŵСͷǱˣδġʥ޼
޼һЦӼһţģҺǸڴˣϾ͸Ūס˵ƲߵǲȻǸСﾫֻһ
Ҷ΢΢һЦŵģѡѾѡˣǰ͸
޼Ĵָһ㣬һ廨ĴͷҲ̧ģֻҪʱ˵߰˷֣ˣһҲϲǼٵġ
廨үҲˣǡµһˡػ
ʱĲػõĲǲҲǻ·裬һűƤ͵ģһɼûë͡
Ҷ֮ǰ򸣹飬һһһڵضĸ֣һҸᶯĸ֡
ƹģֻһϣͰڶεڸǰ޼Ͳػ
λǡһֱƹоơ
ػǶľɼ걻໪۾ƣûС˳ֲˣȻҶҶ־ѣһֱûȬʶƹ
޼ʧ٣ԭǵħʱⱻƵз֣˰ƣˣһֱƹϢԼͽܶûߣ±˷ƹҪ鷳
ҶļƲߺܼ򵥣͵
߸ݣһֱ﷨ĵصһֱ͵Ľ£ͷң͵͵£浱ΤСéʮһףϣȳ͡
еİŶΨ滻͵ѡ
ﳤĵصصͻϮڶǰҪȳ췽ҹ̷͵õİ취ҪƲ߳ɹĵصһؼ͵ǸҲ֮ء
ѡҪ̳ϵġ
ȻҶ˵ѡ޼Ҳûʡ
Ǹ޹ܺߣ߸ð޼ͷﲻ
޼ڵصػΪݡ
Ҷɵ
Ҷڶ̽ͷ̽ԣ޼ЦＱʲô㻹ģ
һͻأӵص𣬺ڲŭ𣬳Ȱȸƨصڵģװʲô군
һ䣬һ촽ƲβƵĺ롢ͺԿǺβһСͷͻȻӵصڴ˳غ߾ȻȰ޼ǸҶһ٪塣


252 ѡ
٪˵棬ƤһҶҲ˵Ĺ޼һµϺӾͻָˣˣ˵̴રવ
¼ðѰ޼ѵøƵģһЦȻǴͷ
޼һҲȷʵաһǲǰҶֵġšǱ壬ºš
޼ǴСѣڷصĹĺ顣
ѼᶮùڿӻڵĲǡ
޼ѡ
ػɰ޼ЦشչһԷЦϻƣڵˣ
ҡһβͱ裬͵ͷˣʮԪϻµ¥
޼һ̴Ĵָ޵ģһʱһ룬ҵϻơ
εԴ˿̣ܰ޼Ĺά
ͣ
ԱߵĲػͻȻЦ˲쿴Ψ²ҵЦʵѵϺ㹧άˣֻǲ֪˭ĵ
Ȼˣ
޼һ˰׳յı飬˲ػһİۣתͷĹȴˬæһЦȻˣڶı£µһ
źһתͷ
ҶЩЦؿЩ˼ңԼͼֵ֮ǲҲһӡ
˵ЦƹΪ׵Ȼ֮һΪʹ·Ǹ󼫶˲ͬ
˵Ǹʲô¶ֵİȫ֣ƹһʲôܵԺأⳬȻ
תͷҶһں̣ͻȻʵ˵ȻܾˣΪεصǵþǶ¥ĵ£ʮԪϻῴãмҪ̷ģһж֣Ʋ߾͵
ҶЦԲǰصƻ˼ʮԪϻ˰æţŸ׷
һȻص˵ͷ
ʮԪϻڣǷǸҲҽ¥鰲ȫ
޼һİɣˣҰѵصӳͨڸκ죬ʱͷԳ֣ͲŴ͡
ţ˵ǡǺһЦⱲӹ͵˵Ķˣû֮ͥ͵ˡ˻Ҹһˡ

ϳĴȫˡ
ֻӦ
÷ѩȻתƵƹİȫص㣬Ҷ޺֮ǡ
ˮûȫΡɡһʵأ˶Χ֮⣬ܸ֣ޡľ֣û
ǸΧɱأͷˮܰŵĸƣֳҲýˮȫ롣
ֻʧش
ϵĸ˳ʮˣˮĽ֣𳬹֮
ɺδ³
ҶǸظˣȫ޷ԼΪһֻʧѪȽۡԪ·ʶһ֮ԵпǧΪǵŭѡ
ԣɱйͷ֮ޣǱȻġ
ǸͣΪĿ֮±ն׵ĵùѡ

硣
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266 ֮
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׿һ쵰·δ˪ɽһΪ˱Ͻ֮𣬶Ϊһ¡ƫƫԼҪһ׷ǰճֶԸҶ֮Լδóѣ벻վ͸˸Թۣʵɶ
ֻҪ·δ˪ǣסãʱ˿̣ͲҪƹĸֶˡ
׿ͨ˴һЦ·ǰˣΪǸϼαΪ˵֮ñʹֵĵ
׿ԼѾ˵˷ϻĲͷһ֣ϣ

׵壬ֱӥȥ
Ǹ֣ͬɱǰȥ˷ɱӥ
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ЩִʱľٶҲȻǶԷǸ
ɱ
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Ҷ˲ˡӥļƲߡ
Ƚͣٷ²ʸ̩ţΪʣ˵ء
ܵĻɱߺ赲־Ԯľٴ룬ԡìڡʤ֣Щ׽⣬ֻšɷףۡ񡱴޳ԼʮӥеļֵĴȺңǿάס棬оԸ̫٣ֻûг
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Ȼİӥٳֻʸ̩ţҶ֪׿ûж࿴ܣΪﻹ߬ӡ߻Ӻ;Żӣȡ֮ѡ
Դп׿Ϊɱӥһɸ֣˻ʸ̩š
Ϊ֮ƣȾͣ취ӥѡ
Ҷүү˵õļƻأ
𣬷ĵ϶Ȼһ

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Сж
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飡
̨ϴһ죬չĸֱɡ
ʱСӥѲ飬˲ĸ֣Ķ֡
⣬̨ϴʱֻʣҶչˡۼ;Ҫչ뿪ҶһҧٶȻ崺ճʣһն޷ֵ͡
צʱֵ֮£â
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ҶһЦչòּҽ˧ĳһ
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չ𱾾ͲҶֵ


269 ;
ۼܸ·־ҪΧȳ͵ļƻҪƲҶҧʱһ䣬嵲ס˵ҰŨ̹͵ʩչݺ׹ľżһһѳ˹ֱץסֱۡ
֣
չʧɫצʹצ֡еġʽֱץҶ̫Ѩ
ʱǱԷͣٳ˻ʸ̩ţҲǹһ
϶ġ˧췲ͻȻᵶãȻͬʹһģһġʽӲԼƴһǡ
飡
չʱѪӿͬʱǾĪ
⡾צ֡Լ¼ֻ˻ãһϵչ۷ɣһǴ绨һǴھѧֵҶô
˧췲Ҳ᣿
չǿѹѪҪ׷ʣ䲻һϤòϤӡ˧췲дңߣ
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浶תʬ嵱λ棬ŻͷҲҶЦУһ̤˸顣
չ۷͵һΣһѪ˻ȵ˧졪Ϸɱ㣡

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ڸոյһ˲䣬Ҷһ̤ذ壬׼ʱܵסͣͬʱһһӣݵĴֱӾ͵ҶС
ڵصڣ̨µڣֻܴ򿪣ֲˣ˺֣֮󣬵صֱӷʱѲ֪ӳԶ˸ûзһˡ
ʱ˿̣ҶȾľҲӥ˵ж
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׿ɫʱ࣬һԥȻĻʸ̩ŵӺʵ۵ڮ֮ԣºʸ̩ŵĽܵġ
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270 
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յıʮֹŹ֣һУмԽ˿ɹأԶɽէһˡҫԪıҶ˼֮󣬱ѽַġִת
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271 䶾ĳ
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ҶһЦХɽ˵ĵѾǹڵĸ֣ﻹõѧ书
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272 Ұ֮Ѫ
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274 
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277 еԲ

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278 
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дϲˡԵ֮󣬲Լ书ٳֶԸҲʮİգֵϵպԱڤ޵УҲǾһս֮


283 ֮ǰ
ʮԪϻٿ֮ǰһγͻƺ˵񾭶ٴν
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Ļܹԭܵʹû㹻ʵһٹ˶ʱ˵ֵϳ֧ԮǶʵҲԸĻԿһˡ


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001 ײ
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뵽ԷΪλƲˣΪǵĿĲΪ˱ȫʮԪϻᣬΪ˶Ը
Թ麣һľƢԲίȫԴУǷ߳ŭ˳ԾķӦ
ȻºȻɢʾʮԪϻʧͲǶķŭ
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ԺѵĳˣҲ˼𣬳ʮԪϻּʮճɺԿУȴ˽ԪϻԱżȥɱٸʮԪϻˣҿ治ɢĺã
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ԺϾͬʱĽȻֹд飬ȴҲһԺ񷱶࣬λ㲻㣬ʹ˱
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عŭһۣתͷԷŭʦ֣ɳ˰ɣ
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ҶվЦǺǵصɴ˴ͬ飬ȻˣΪºʱȻΣأһлӵ̷ٺʳȵȣĪЩлɳˡ
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ӯӯһƮȻȥ
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015 ҹ̽й
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ʯ۰εիһ֣ʾԷ˺
ȴ𽥿ǰ
зâ¶ͬеһ㣬н档
Ҷһϵޱֽббʮȣָڱ󣬰Ȼ
ʯ۰εիϬ棬Ҷ˫ۣ²ˣץŵʣסµĵҶѹľޣֻҪһ֣Ȼʯ쾪һ
ԷǴЦһֵı飬Ȼ޵ĵڶҳ֣ȻֵУֻҪסҶߣȻῴ׼ʱȡҶ̺ҲҶ޷ѡ
ֻΣǰҶǵ̴죿
ۼǰʯ۰εի˵ҶͻȻһХٿȻǰȡʯ۰εիһεӻɲǣζȻһ䣬ȻǰΪ󳷣ٶδֺ˺󷽵ġ˫ƺ͡Ͻ𽣡¡
˻δޱѾٵƲһسŶԷ䡣
û˿ݴʱǰ
Էȵס
˫ƺ͡Ͻ𽣡̹Ҷʵ䳣½ǲ֣η塣ۼҶæкһȴâͬʱблǿķʽҶ޷ͻƶ˷Էʯ۰εիǿٴνѹơ
ͬһʱ䣬Էʯ۰εիڵ֣Ҷ˶ϡ
ҶһЦֱڴƺͳµıһ㣬˶پһ̩ɽѹһľ̲סȫ֣Ƴȥ
һʱҶתơ书赽ٶȶȻ֮ǰࡣ
һһƬĽתԷˡ
⽣ʵʵʵʵ飬ֲһǴвһͽ޷֪һǹԼһȡˡ
ҶĶԵо飬ǽɢǿѹȵ˵Ұýķ䣬סΡ
ԴʱǰҶ˿ֻĹ㽣꣬ſ֮ƣѹ
ҷ𾢣쳾
ⲻʱ˸ߡ
غ
ұ򡢵Ӱķ޸֣һĸʱҶ֮ƾͬʦֵδǲ£ЦɥҶµΪ͡
֪һ֣ҶǾĿ½޿ƥеƣʱǾտ֮ģǰߵġŽڱޡߵġԧ쵶âͷʧڽڵҶȥ
䣡
ⱩմһףҶɺ˵Ӱ
Ⱦõı꣬ɲǼأ¡


018 
ܲ²⵽ʵҶεˮƽ֮ԷҲ磬龳־ͿԽס
Էڣ˶û뵽һ㣬ǾҶʵһǴģ۶Եо飬ʮԷȲϡ
еĴʦ֣һ书һΣܵʿϿ֮󣬱ݣײಫϵĸ֣мҶ㣬һ·ƴɱ
ԷˣҲûʱʮû˽֣ʱҶͬƴһʱ仹Щ̫Ӧ
Ҳʯ۰εիʵս˫Ҷɱһ
ʱΧҶˣ龳֣뱻ҶһˣֻԷʯ۰εիˡ
ޱ߽꣬ʯ۰εիһȫһȥ
ʱбһͷҶֻܹһˣַɣӦôֵǿֻҪԼһ£ٻϣܽɱ
ֻͷȴϺԷ뷨
ԷʱУв߷ȫȻž
ݴҶ졢̫סʤηĴΧ֮¶ܴѣ·δ˪Ȱ벽񻰵ĸȫһδֱȻĪ֮Ǻε£ԼȫǰһԷʲô֮ԼԸǵòʧȻǰʯ۰εիǸȻֵ˺λŻ

һ죬Ҷޱϰٴι̻ɨ޻εػʯ۰εիȫһ
ɲǼ䣬ʯ۰εիоԼں֮׵֮УǰҸƼƣѹһԿҳһţ޷Ԥһǳıߡ
ΪȹΣʯ۰εիֻͬһ齸ʯҶǧٹֵǣʧȥġ
һͣͣʱѽԷͻ˳
Ϊʯ۰εիܵǧٹɲͬͬʱԷȴֻǸܵһ
Էбޱͬ߰ϣһϣʱһɾֹסΣ˲ǰ
ҶһȴԷɫ䡣
̼䣬ĽɴСٿȻɢѱɹ¾սԷС
Ҷһ񣬶Ȼһͣ˫Ŀתʶ߾磬ȻɱʱֱԷͬʱʨӺ𡿴ȵԷ
Էԭ书Ҷ֮ϣΪͶȡɵ˼£ϳϣǱʶȻһ˿϶ǾǶƴҶη塣
ʱҶǿ׼ʵҪһһʨӺͻأ˶ֵͬʱáʶܶĦڭǾʶɱԷ˿϶ӳԷԺɲǼ䣬ԷǱʶ˿Ҷηɢ˼£ŷԷһΪԼΪɱԼҶԷİٱԼȻмơ
˵ֶȻ뾫򣬾Կ
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ҶХһ󣬽ָԷѡ
ֻһ֣˶ʱ֪ƴ˵ķգƶϣϣԷ
Ҷ֮䣬һִ϶Ҳɲ֮䡣
ԷԼҲһ֮Ȼ
ּΪȻҶ϶ɱĽɫֻǴʱƾʧǿֻ֮ƴ˲ȫסҶϸɣ
ԥ䣬ҶѾһбУһ𣬴ŲʵŭġŽڱޡұ͡ԧ쵶ȥ
ԷҶ˻ʩϮæסɵԷѸٺˡ
һƺߣ
˱Ҷѹȥֹסľ¡һѹ·ķ֮¡
ҶǰһգٿȻɶݶȥ
лλͣǺڣ
ҶĿԶԶü˲Ѫ
Ǻॣ
ʯ۰εիʣףһŻعҶƱɱ㣡

ڶա
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żθĽɵŵĳֱж£ֻɱׯϵɰѵСƵ
⣬һɫ۵Ļ׹ޣջس޽Ų԰
Ҷüͷ壬ǸһҶʿ¾ɾ߻ӣԪʸ̩


019 һ
ϵķͬһΡɽǰ
ɫʯ̨֮ϣǻʸߵȨ֮ء
ֻǴʱ˵ʯϵӰʵ̫ۣȫƻһׯϡ
ϹֻƬжϣĸѪӣҲȷпԭҲǽ壬˵ȵ½ʱʶĸף빬Уڶ㻳ԪϧŲĸ֮˽ʱ򣬱ͻɱ˸Ȯ
峬ˣһ⣬˼Ҿ硣
Ԫ֮ĸҲڱʹȣǰ˶ȵۼΪʹ࣬ʶӳ谮ԪΪ
в֮Գ͢Ҫ޺õϢȻǲܽܣ˴ֳõ֮١
Ϲ˼ǻʵҲ¶ֱӹػظۡ¡
ʾһңһ֣߸ʿǰͰѹڵصԪ˵̧
ϣϡ˰ܼư
û뵽ʱ޵ûеȣһλ̳ͬ˺ѵ˲
룡
ҶΪȥһֵһ㶣Ŀ͵תҶһۺ󣬹һ˹ȥ
ܼ̺̼ĹԱʱͷð
ôִһλģȫҲλүˡ
һԵöͷðǰһҵүôλе˰ɣ
ᣬСе㹦򡣡
Ҷչһƣղһȥֻһ벻ԷȻɿǺɿٿȻʧԼһȥԷȫû⡣
Ѻ
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д
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Ԫ˽´Ӧ£ȷʵЩصǷԣ˽ѰҲǿԵģαֵϣ
ʸ̩Źһڲ裬ǺžһڵϣŭҪǿЩȽϰȵķϣ˷
һԵϹæү£²һʶˡ
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ʱ˵ҲȷһЩ
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·ģ߸ܼԪһһġҶ𸴡
ʸ̩ŵ˵ͷҡͷˣ̫࣬¾ͽ̼ȥˡ
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Ҷһ񣬵£ݳ˽⣬˶ԺļƲߣȷʵҪԭսҪĿ̲ôĿĲﵽ޾Բͬ⡣
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ʸ̩ŵ֮ڣ֮ɫԡ
ҶϹһּۣ¡
鷿֮⣬ҶѹϹ˵߻Ӷ̣ȷʵԵ̫ϹܷȡԪһϣֺĸһУǵĸ屻¾İڣܵṩҡ
һ㶣Щû⣬񸮵Ĳ¥СǻԪ⣿
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Ϊ·ϵİգǻһ飬ǾԪ̫ˣԪ̫Т˳ˡ
ۡԺϴ·ӣ˵ĳӣҲ£ԪĳЩ٣䣬̫ˡ
۹
ߺߣûҰģιֱף


020 ȡ
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СŶ˿˿
ЩɪҶ߹ʯš
ŰСƹеĿĵأĻƾƺȷ嶼ڷǳСԡ
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ķҷˬ֣߳δȾƾѾ˵⡣
ԭӦǺʱ⣬һ뵽ԼԼǰǸˣҶͲͷ
һƿҶͿ
һƾƣû˵Ҳû̧ͷҶͬӶֱڶ棬һƾƣһ
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Ҷ̾˿ʲô
Լ˧췲ûʲô飬ԷŻҵԼֻԼҪĶ
ȻһЦ˧ֹȻͬһˡҪĺܼ򵥣ֻҪӦһ£ұ֤ҵϢϡ
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벻ҵãǲ̻֮ء
ṩҶһ·Ѱ˵ء
ǰһƬ֣СϪиСС˿ѽƻ衣Լ󳪴Ρ
С£羰ľȻ£ֲЩٹ֮͡
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ᣬߵǰ̽ʵ֪Ůģڣ
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ҶȻؿǰƯŮᣬֻýС縡͹ѩ
䶯˵򾪿ֶŴȻЩʧ̬Ȼһɷ̬޶ڱףޱȵ
벻С޸ǳ
Ҷ˶ԷһæǸȻһٴһ䣺Сʦˣ֪Ůģڣ
Ůһۣɫʱüʲ˧˵棿ƶġ
Ҷ棬Сʦ֪Ҫ


021 һ
ŮἱеѲ֮ʱҼòʶʶ⼸д󵱼ҺѰȻ֪ǴѰڵȵˡ
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Ƴϡ
ҶһŮģʩչṦһ·Ȼ˽⡣
ûãƼһԺɽ¡
ԺһյɵĹµƣ紵ͥԺеҶɳɳ죬·滺С
紵Ҷֻñ쬵ģַ·йβͣƻֱӹȥ
Ϊвر¶ұ㵽˴˴ƺҶԥŮæ͡
ɿһ벻ࡣ
ŮЦҡͷӵֹܵЩ
Ҷ֮̾Ǿʦ·ˡ
Ů˵ͷ
֣֮ϵ͵ƱƮĵƻɫᣣķ񣬻ǺҶĲݡ
ֻѾû˼ˡ
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һ·˺Ժȴûеƻ𣬺һƬڳĺɫУɪͩ£мСС紵ŲƵĴһ֨ѽ
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Ҷܼɻһֱڴˣǲ滹ʲôأ
ŮЦһȻһЩأΪڸǴ˵ص˼֩Ҳ취ģƶЧء
ЦŲϵ˽ȥ
ҶֻȣԺڣҹ䣬ޣվ£ܾЩë
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Ҷæǰ̽飬ƺʱ䲻ʬ廹΢΢Щԡ
Ůʱʬ·Ȼ˹ȥ

Ҷ̾Ϣݲ־ԼϲĻ֮˱Ӧǡ׵ҡ
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ҶӦ죬䲻ݷ֮ʽľ˳Ҫ˱ܣͻȻһĸоǱԼǰŮϷҶвףݾȳԷһѽƳͬʱٿȻ󡪡
ˢ
һѶ̵Ůֱ̳ҶŶһÿ졢ö
ҶȻףѾܡ
ڶԷϮɲǣҶǰĹͻأ±ȥ䲻ݷرܿһϵѾǰ
ĵԴо綾ҶӦ㹻졣

ЦУŮᷭһ̳֮¶һǧĵŮ߳£ʱĿѼڹ⣬żϸķֱʺظ伸ҪѨ
ͬʱЦ˧Ϊ˲֪ϧ񣿡
ߣ
УһӰҵʬжݳʿֻǳҶһն䣬쵶˲͵Ҷǰ
Ҷһ죬ġԲ䵶Ѿ֣ηӭŶԷһӻ
飡
ҵչҶȻԷһ˺ǲʬӰͣ٣ѾסǻװŮŮײݶһصЦһ˳ȥ
˧˹Ȼ˫Ǻڡ
ɳƵԶԷкš
쵶
ҶʱϳӦþһűͲ־Ǹˡ
ȵҶݶ֮ʱǹصӰŮ᲻ټ
ʱ죬쬡


022 Ѷֶ
ⲻܣ
ɫҶ̬ȼᶨشŮȷϣȷһֵͷơ
ҶĬ
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ʱʰͣԼǰѺӧߡ
ȥģ
ͷҲأһ֡
ҹɫ
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ŨҵѪζɱ˱ѹ֡
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һ߾ŰײѪˮʬ̧˳
߸͢ξƣΧĲȻ裬һ·ڣѰµĲͷΪ̲ͷֱϼֱӺʵô£
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ֱ漸ʬǲͷŵǼܹıͣӦҲкܺõֳ򶷺ۼԡҲûмֶãбɱһն룬ֱߡն죬ߵʧȥսһס
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ֻжԼΪţûһ˿εˣסҶ֮

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ȴȳңԼĻᣬֱԷֶס¶Էɱڣʶַߡʹɱߣֻô󶯸ɸ꣬ɱһڵˣв¶档
΢΢ЦɭȻҪһηǱӵָֿأҪһ书ɫףеСǮķûܱȵ̲¾ͽҰɣ֤һҵ
ˣлˡҶ
ءҶЦǵǵĽ׾ͺá

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ڶһ磬Ҷո𴲣δϴ㴫
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͢ξ̷ڣʮյɵĹ״ƣصɱΣһԲͲסǵƹ;ۼһǿҵĹ
յصĵƣ̵ߡ
һ޳ԸеĹͷŮʱͱϣǿҵĹ԰
˫Ŀƽţɿ׷Ŵ־ȫ˶һֳѵ״£вס૵ġġҳġҳġ
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Ҷ߽ҡͷ̾ʲô˵𣿡
˵ˡòټǿŮʵ־Ҳúܣ¶࣬ʵס
üͷҶЦŮûʲôܾ飬ҹǣƾҲôˡʱֻ˰ʱʣµʱǰʱЩѶֶΣû뵽
Ҷ˷ĵƤĿͣˮʺ򲻽ȴȫķɵˡ


023 ˮ
ҶΣҡͷ̾ðյ£ԭŮʺģҡԲǸȥĵطֻϧԽǴŮˣԽ
Цϴ˲࣬ٶΪ˶ԼռˡŮ˸˴ֽҵĲԭȴѰȥһ֣߸ǲû뵽һ١
ûһ١ҶЦЦһ̯֣
ʲôЦʡ
Ҷɫһ࣬Ƕῴֻ¹شµòʧǽҸס
˼һ£̾˿ӻӳһۺɫˮӡ£ҶС
ӣˮ񻰾¸֮ϧˣЩ˵
Ҷĵϸеķ۾ӡɵЦİɣ򲻿ġӡŵԿײܴ򿪣һˮ飬Ȼ֪ʲôӰ죬ơӣˮ϶ûˡ
ԭˡ
ССӡΡӣˮҪܹ״򿪣һ϶Ρ
ҩ⣬ֻµġ
ڵˡ
ҶɵðһⶫǸҶͩ衱Уָöˡ
һɵҶȻһЦ֣˧ִӦҵ£Ӧû˰ɡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦδ޹أֻҪҸƨɾСʵģܱ֤ܲͷס֣мֺøУǿġʣµ£ͿԼˡ
죡һЦ
Ҷתȥ

£ֻŵˮȥһƬˮ½ꣵķ
ҶڽԺ˼һС
һոţҶԱһÿû뵽ȴǰ֨ѽһͣ
Ļ¶绨òݡ
λǸָԼŮһЦ˧ˣ֪ɷ񵽳СŮһ𣿡
ҶһᣬŮܲסٹ˧ĳ²ĺö󣬸ǣ
ڿһЦ˧˺ιʾǧ֮⣬СŮ㡣
ҶһЦתߡ
վס
һӳðҶȻͷ
ĿھȻ¶纮˪ݣΪͳص㡣
ҶЩԥؿһԵ壬λòƴŮʦѵͲ֪𣿾Ȼ˸Ǹ㡣
ΪҶҶɫȻʵ
ҧҧ֣ص˧ڸҿЦϢѾ㵱ҶϹ𣿡
ҶдΪȻ
ֻ֮ƻ跢ֲʲôִ£˿ٵشӣˮǸոյ֣˿ԼлûȺôͱծţ
һǶȻϡֻ´˿̷˺ĻȫĦȭƣҪ϶ǶΣվأͲǺ𣿡
֮ͨǰľʾѲµõľǡӣˮֻҪõ֣ͲĻǹĹ
ҶȻЦҶҪ֣Ƕǳ֤ˡ޷㡣Ϊ߸ָ֪ͬӱһ鵽ף֮ԷҹҪܷ˻ʿһץһץһ˫ǲ£ӻ߸ηʳ
Σһ̾ʦŶܸм˧˵鷳Ȼȷ˭ҪǶˣֻҪǶϣ޵Ͳù
Ҷ΢΢һЦҾûң滹вδ⣬ԶѰɿ˭Ҫⶫˡ
̻Ŀһƣ˶ڴǣ΢̸ڴִĵط̸ܵأ
Ҷ΢΢һЦǲûʲô̸ģ֮ԼѾ޷ɣҪģǸϽߴʦ뿪ĪҪȵڶ֣
ٲתȥ
ʮಽ׷³ϵԣ˵ԴôɵģôִԲǼǣ㲻ǲκ鷳ʵʵָʹǶƾռϷ硭֪޵ѾˣϣǵһǸӡͬΪͬΪʲôͲԮְǣ
ҶһοЦңǼֻ޶ȵİæǸ㣬ֻǻժժɾ
̶ʱΪȻ


024 ʲô
Щ鱨δգЩ㲻˵
ǹ麣һ棬ҶҲš׵Ǳӣˮ˭֪õӣˮ֮󣬻᲻֮֮
ƿ̵пܵǱ˼޻
⡰ӣˮԼϲա
ʱšеƮݣˣŮ·ӡ;˲ĿͶ͵Ŀ⡣
˭֪ò룬˵ĸִɱ¡
̹һӺ󣬼Ҷղóӣˮ̾ϢȻ㲻Ըｻң˧˻Ϊ֮
ҶͷſһԶ˵˧ĳҲһ¹󷽣ǸˣٽӴ΢ñ˶֪
̴ײƬ̺ʵҲĺܣȻΪǸˣȫȫΪ£ԣʦŵֻΥ˧ܹæһ£Ҫ
ҶȻƳһۣǰĿˣҸԸ֮
ҶȻԵΪˣҲΪԷ˳۵ԭҪëҶҲ˵һ
죬Ҳ졣
һԶһ㣬లµĺá
Ҷ΢΢һ֣Ȼȥ
ĿԶУüͷ壬֪˼Ʈ˺εء

벻ĻôͶˡ
ƺڳνг˵࣬ԶʱʵĻͷ˵Ķ֡
嶼˵أΨһܸ趫ģֻƹˡ
뵽ƹȻ뵽ƹиԼ飬Ҳ뵽ڡ
뵽ǼһˣҶһ̾ԼǺġ
Ǹˣֻϧ̫Щһ㣬ҲͲĺͲ֪롣
ʱ֡
ɡ
һƬš
ھʱ֣ųͷſţһۣԺӵĻ
ԺⲻԶ޾Ұũæʱڣũڵæոʳ
꣬ȻںȻңȴֻЮ£ûдͷϡ
ߵú
һ·ֻԼĽš
˼ңӵʱҰɫֻǵʵ⸽۵ʲô
ֵذɡȻ
ãҾֵء
ƺֻԼвԴȥתȥκ¡
ڴĵһ쿪ʼգԼһɽׯݣֵֻء
ԲǧĶɽذжƹĲҵڴδֿʼһ˿ųͷ淭ء
ֻǰµʱ䣬Ӳؾͱһȫһ顣
ʱ˵Ӱû뿪ũߣũũУȫܿæµӰ
̶ʱ䣬ʵڣһصصũ
ϼĴųͷƤڶֲڣ촽ʱŸѣ΢΢ŵ˫Ϊɵϰߣͷ£ͷʮͱѼҰס
ΪͶ͡
۵Ĳ壬ġ
ҶǰʱֱڣȻԷŽһ
ôˣ΢΢ü
ҶһЦ㡭
¡
һء
ĳͷ飬ɿͷ飬ط¢һũû
Һæҡ붬֮ǰ뻹һײ˻ͲˣȻû˳ˡ
ҶȤؿֵأʵ˳𣿡
ڸش
Ҷ̾˿ֵʮԪϻɢˡ裬麣һ汻޺ͷƣֻûʲôùӳԡ
޶ԡ
ҶƲƲ죬̻ң˵ԭѾû֮ˣͽȻŶ裬߻侮ʯ
һЩòҪ˵ҡϵ£޹ء
Ǿ¾ĴսأҲȥҶʵ
˭ʤ˭ʲôƨϵŭȫˣҲбΪǱʹޣʲô˭Ϊҵһ᣿
ϾѪ֮ס
䣡
һ졣
Ҷ䲻ݷ֮ʶ㿪ĳͷ͵ľڵСӡ
ĿɭȻ£ɱ㣡
ҶҡͷȻ᲻ڡӱҲǽİ취̫ں˶̬Ⱥ͸ܣȴԼˡ·ڸ˿ֻ˿ãƿ˿ڣŧƴһʱʹ˿ڷϣſ˿ڸϡҪ˵ĲƽҪԼԲƽʱʲô


025 󲻶
Ҷ뿪ʱڻɵɵվ
ʵҶûж˵ʲô˵ĻҲԼ뵽ĵ
ЩʱԼȵʹ࣬һʱΪĺˣԽǻţǼ⣬еģԼ˵ԼģҪһˣȥ֧֣ȥ֤۵ȷš
˵ˣ߳ĻǿԼ
ڵһ̫˳ҪЩۺʹ
һΣѧϱҶ֮书һΣֽһصĴվȻһεƼҫޱȡ
Ǹˣ˲Ҫѻ˵̫͸ʵףֻǲԶѡ

Ҷظ֮󣬵һ±߸ʿסйݡ
²ҪκʾҪͬ⣬ֻΪ߸ָ֪ͬΪά嶼İȫȨô
߸ûиκν͹ֱͨйΧֵ˼վɱפأΪ˵סʿĹҶɳ˿ͽ
׿ħֻҶһ˵ɱ¾ԣֶ׺ݣֻǵһҹʮ߱˿ͽб˺Ƭ켶ĸ֡
һʱʿη绢ϹѪĿֲģ³ɽ˿ͽ֪ʵݣϲŵм䣬Ϊ˸ѪĴºš
û뵽ºһпõ˵Ͽɣûã߸ڲԼҲʼôˡ
ҶֲҲϿˡ
Ͼ˿ͽݺһҴڣΪ಻Ҫ鷳Ծʹĺá
˲գ˹޷ȡЧϢģ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҷյ˹Ϣ硣
޵ǸԺȻ죬ԻʸĹٷ̬ȣҲ޷Ȼ߸ΪУǵõ˷Ǹָ㣬ʵۻʸ̩ţͬʱҶϯ
ҶȻһЦ֪Էûʵ۵ţѹԼձΪȫ׼
ΪµҶȻҲܲµʸ̩ŵ뷨
ʵʮֲ˵Ϊ̬ȣԷǸѹ޷ȫȻ񶨣Ҷ˵鷳ʸ̩һ֪ı֣ȴǰԸˣΪԼ˶ʵڶ˼Ȼ޷ȻΪУ˽ﲻҵ鷳̬ʮԡ
зǸǰѵ⣬ҲԼ֪á˧췲ССڹǺ׵顣
ƺͷǸҲû̸üǮһֱ׿󲻽һߣֻܿԼȥԸ麣һ档
ؼ֮Դ޵ĸ߹սƣίʵ˶ԺһصĶ⡣
һ⣬Ļֻգʵ޷ȥҵ׿ͻʸ̩š
ҹ£׿һԿɶ

Ӧ˷ǸŮӶͷṬ٣ʢװᣬζΪ£ͷҡֻ򳤴ϥȹ³ӣַ䣬纱۵Ľ𻷣Լָ񻷣飬ϵңӣһʱӰĿѣԡ
ͷᣬ¼ۣüɲ֮״ˣŮӳȤ
嶼ǵ󳼼ȫλͬ޵֪ʿŮ飬ڡ
ǰΪ֣Ϊࡣ
Ժʸ̩Ŷˡ
Ժʯ۰εիҺΪһµߡ
Ļʸ̩ţҷֱΪҶٹ
ɥӶܿյȨ࣬ʱĿƽޱ飬һʯ˲²͸롣
ֻشһ޷棬ʶ׿
׿пǰһŲ̨ܷܷ֣Ϊ衣
ʸ̩һ񵭱飬ǶԺһꡣ
֮󣬶Ժ̲סȿڵ׿ʵ۱£ԭĳģΪȴܵ˶Դѵ󷽻޵𣿡
ʸ̩һ˲ˮЦԺǺⰡĪǹдĻʳãʶ޷Ƣ
׿Ц
Ժȴһʵ۱¿Цˡα֪ʡԭͬˣǵõ׿ͻʵ۱׿ϵģȻδʽǩЭԼӦòᷴɡ
Ȼʸ̩ŵͷͬ⡣
Ժһ̣ŭȻǰδ䣬Ϊҷ붫еĶԿƫҪӣ
£ʸ̩һ㶣ⷴʡ
װʲôɵ
Ժİ͵͵һǣӲҶһۣ²ţλ֪ͬˡ
췲ô£ʸ̩ǰҶйͨϣһ֪Ҷͺá
Ҷ΢΢һЦر£΢йݸ£ͽɱˣ΢Ϊ嶼ȫǣʶ˶顭ԺνĶԸСò°ɣǿɾǶԺĲˣ


026 
Ҷһϯʱһ㶣뿴Ҷ
ԺͩɫŶ˧ʾδĲף
Ҷһ½󣬺Ͼص嶼˱Ժԭǿͣдˣ˼Ҳ̫ɣԺ붫֮гԹ붯֮ǰҲӦ˴к˼ҵĶܻ˵˵ȶͿ²̫˻ӭ
ҶȻݱ˫λãʵѾ˵ĺǳֱס
˵ˣ嶼ڴˣʲôʱֵΪΪˣμӵʮԪϻᣬ嶼ɥ˵ǳ͢ͷǸ
һֱĬԵ׿ʱͻȻ˵¡ȷԺ֮ˡ
׿˵ԭĶԺʱƵ
һʱƣڶԺǸߣٴǰָڶԺı֪ЩʲôݣԺüͷƬ̺ڻȻˣ˫ʹ̸׽ˣǩͬ˹顣

ʸ̩һ豭Ҷһۡ
ҶԵͬ˹鲢ǲɣֻǲ֪ԺҪõʲôܸҷʲôô
˵ֱף׿ٹҲɵÿҶһۡ
Ҷδ֪Ⱦ£ԽԽãΪĪ
Ժ˵ͷ˿ֻǲ֪˧˵Ļɷ
޵˼ʸ̩һ߸ϵģпǳ
ٿҲֻҵ̸ƽ̸Уûʸ
Ժѹŭ𣬳ޣֻҪʮԭްֽ֮⣬󷽴ӦĻԸǲȫʿƽѡ
أ
ҵȡ¹麣һ׼
Ժ΢΢˵ֻҪ麣һף¿¡
Ҷ΢΢һЦԺǵ󣬲ɫһֵǵõģֳɵĺôǵĺôδԶһɣⲢŷ
ʲô˼Ժˮ
ҶһЦܼ򵥡˶ռˣպǷ飬ݹ飬սΪ֮κΣ
Ҵʿ˵㻰Ժʱŭ
ԲվǰǶԺĻ󽫾
ԺٿȻϰ͵ذסʿҿң
Ҷǰ̽̽ӣʵԷ˫ۣЦһ֮Ĳޣο֮䣿Ժһ룬᲻Ҳ˵أ
׿ͻʸ̩ԭͬʱɳ벻˧췲С˿԰ѿس棬仰֮öԺʧ磬Ǹɣ̸еȫҶϵʱ򣬲ſ©֮
һԵٹĬ·⼤ҵԴǽ޹ϵֻһ˫۾ǰĵ棬ʱʱһƲԵĹâ
ǹ󷽵˼ʲôԺʵ
ܼ򵥣ǿԴӦ󷽵ڶһԹۣôԺҲҪЩʵʶ֤˵ķ㹻Ȩ
һԵʯ۰εիͲסʲôҼҶԺĻ󽫾һ֮£֮ϡôܲȨ
ҶͷЦһ⻰˵е˰ɣǿ嶼ڵľ˲ԺĺӶԺ
˭ʯ۰εիʡ
ԴޣҶһһ٣ʱ˵һ
׿¶˼飬ΪҲ벻˧췲ĿľȻԴޡ
Ǹˡ
ȻԼıѲȹ̣ڽϳĵ֮󣬿顢ɼһвԼͳεǿˡ
ʱǿߵͬˣֻݻ֮ߣһͬ˽Ȼ֮ʱ
Ƿһս֮׿ٴαȻ˾ƣЩǿߵĵλʱ½ϳѾܵܣȫֻʱ⣬ʱǿߵвͻ˳
˴ܹԼڲԴޡ
ƺԼûʲôʧ
׿һЦΪҶһ衣
Ժһ࣬һ죬ûзϵȣֻǳĻеһбµʿˣȻ㣣һ仰֮䣬и
δðɡҶЦŵԹ麣һжҲŶԺûдߴٹֻûɶԣ߸ļ֣Ҫ麣һȫ»ǺѰ쵽ġ
Ҷ֧ӸһسȵԺڡԴ޴ţԶԺλĳֵ췴ʱԺǷܼλδ֪ɣ
Ժŭң
Ҷһӻͳһžڵϡ
Ժæһڵɫ䡣
ӡһռǡ
Ҷͩ衣


027 β
ŶԺЩҵȥҶǸһ˿Ц⡣
ڣԼĿĴﵽˡ
Σڲ֮ǰԺһҪκвԼ̳Ļ󽫾вԴ޵ĲµǣǸҶͩ衣
ԺɵӣȻһ۾Ϳöռǵα
ֻҶͩˣҲһͷˮԽ֪飬ζŸӵĿº͸ߵĿԡ
ʸ̩ŹһЦҶļ޵Ĳ
԰գ׿һ񣬰Ȼȥ
ϹŻӶȥ
ٹҲһ񣬳ĬԵĻظ
ʼգ˵ضûôһ㡣Ļ䣬ҶȴȻ˵ԽˣԽ˵ʲôֶΡ
ֻǲ֪ǷӵԼйأ
Ǻǣ˧ƺٹܸȤء
׿һ仰Ҷ˲΢΢һЦֻǿһ¹߰׷ͺڷˣЩͬˡ
׿Ŀ¶һ˿âҶЦɣҲײʲô
ΪǱµ𣿡
ҲҶһڸ˱裬ֻǲˬ˵ɣΪ֮
Ϊ̣׿һɣڿЦ
ҶһݣԼжʱʱ̶̿зǸ˰мӣһ̤㸲Ŀܡ
ֻ
ʱ׿Ƴŵֻ˵ǶԼǭ¿ˡ
ʲô¶Ļ۽𾦰Ҷ̾һȫȻϣŮУûлڸҲֶ֮Ϊأ
˵ǡ׿󵭵һЦԭֻԭ˧˲ǹ֮
ޡҶһ
׿˫Ҷһֻۣ˧ΪΪıΪβŽ볯ЧأҼǵõ˰ɣ
ҶҡͷЦ췲ٲ£Ϊ²ſ˭ԴҶս֮췲Ȼ򡭡ҪԸǣûЩԳá
׿ÿɷ΢΢һЦҶȴһ
ȻɣԼⷬ˵Ҳ֪ܱܲܡ
һдı˵Լ߾ȫҪŪԴޣõôĲǶͬʱҲϳˡ
˧˾⺢Σ׿豭ʵ
ʦáܺãƯƽ⡣ҶЦŴ
׿¶һ˿㶮ı飬һֻаһ֮󣬲Żıᣬϣܺúô
Ǳˡ
ҶʱĸҾܾ΢Цƾˡ
׿۵һҶԼٴξܾԼʵĿʲôǸ󶼻Ὣ˶ԴϧһֶΣϵ
Ľ̫磬Ҫ
ȾԴޡ
á
׿¶οһЦǵĻһԲٰ죬ҷǸ󹩷֮󣬲ҶսҪҪһ仰¡
׿תȥҶͷ綷
úŪؼ÷ѩô

ҹ
ƹŷԲ½ȱ
Ӱɺ֮£һСжի뵽Ƶ֮ڡ
ʩԷˡ
ĺûеõκλӦһδС΢΢üϱԼӰһۣεذ̾Ϣ
˲֪¿գڴ࣬𣬾ǵˮδδʳǳֻʣƫƫһǲʱ̾ϢΪȥ
շɵķԸС¯ȼһ֧㣬Ʈ룬¹ƹ룬ǰŷҲû⣬ԼԼ迴·һɷͻ
µļƷ㣬Соɵһһ
һ̾ϢͻȻ
ΪСʦ˷һ֧ˡ
µ㣬ԣڸְ˶мõЧͬʱ֮ã
Св֪ϵĵǺˣȻҲ÷Щ˷ѣʩ񣬳Сɳһжǰָ£ʩعġ
ع𣿡Ľ˿ϵһҶż㣬΢΢̾Ϣ̸װ
СӺԣ𣿡
ĽЦһСʦһЩȥ쳾֮Улԡ
Сʩһ񣬵Ȼʩ⣬û취𣿡
Ӳãá
β£
Сж֮ǰһδ̣һȥһţˣкãܹкá¡
С˵꣬ѾԶ
£
ǴһҶżϣĽϤζǣʮ꣬һϦõζ룬ּдһС֣ȥԲȱղڡ
żϵּĽ֪˶ٱ飬ÿζͬʧȥһشͣڲܿƵ
ˡ
ˡ
Ľ˫ֲطһС֣ı
֪Լʧȥʧȥģʧȥˡ
ǡ
ĽȴЦΪǾ䡰ԲȱղڡΪһֿЦЦбᣬдο
Բȱղڡ
Щ꣬Ȼջڼ޸
Įʮձòڣʮһ̣Ҳòڡ
ȥ
Ͼйһļ䣬ӵУȴһʧȥ
µһĽµһ㡣
ΪȥΪģ
£
Ľѽ⣬кѣ
䴫һ̾ʦľ㣬һ߸УһԶȥԻһһ磬һҶһ࣬ҶƮ㣬ڣĬȻʣ˳ȻĪ󲻵öŲ¡
ˣ졣
֮ڣĽһ֮ϣż㣬į


028 ܱ
ΪҶıȺգɶԺԴ֮ìܼˡ
书߾ԴޣԺʵǸöԸһЩҶԺԭżΪ̵ʶ򽻵ײݵԴ޸ҪһЩ
ìܼҪѾ̵ϣڶԺ˵κζ̳Ļ󽫾֮λв̡
Ҷͩ衱ʱľ㵱飬Ҷ϶Ժͩ㱾˶ϤĻ£вҪԴ޸
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誴ʱˮŭԴ޴ˣ⻰ʲô˼
ԴҡͷһԵԷ̾Ϣ֪ǰЩʱ޴Ϣ˼ðӣ񹬵ߣ͵˼ΡӣˮĻ󽫾ǻô˾綾ĳλԭʿԭ޵ìܣʶǲԺһԭͣսˣһǵ顮ӣˮȥ򡭡벻ͷȴöԺʦܳԩꡭ
ӣˮȻӣˮ
ʤڣȫһսľ
Ǿ綾ڳ֣Ҳ·һ
ŴʱڵĲ˶
ΨҶһ亹ֱ뵽Էνһʲôˡ
̫һϳģʵȻף֪̽鵽㼣󣿡
Է̧ͷҶһƬϷ֮ɫȴޱȳʹȷջ񡣲
ȡηι£Ȼжϣ˵ѵＸλڴˣ㻹µ粻ɣ
¹ش󣬹ϵԭ֮ս⣬ԴΪأ֪޲ԣ޲
ҲաԷͷ̾ϢºǲǵȡӣˮˣǶ̽

Ⱥ뾪̾
Ҷ̾Ϣ
ԭ˶ԺļһԷԷĲԾ˵ֱӾ˶̡
ΪԼʱҲ˵ӣˮԼУ˵޷ɣֻ»Լ۽ȥ
Ϊ޷֤Ժġ
ȺУʤԭֲ˰ŵºĸױǱԴ˶ɱһºҪΪˣ
ȺһƬ۷׷׵
ʯ۰εիʱ޺麣һ棬ʯ۰εիҪ˴𣡡
誴ʱԥĪż֪Ƿˣвܡ
һ˿֤˵ĻԴͻȻԣע֮һתͷҶȻǸ˾˧췲˧ˡ֪˿ɷʵ棬Ǵšӣˮ޵ԭģǲǶ̽
̼䣬˵ĿⶼеҶϡ
ġ
ҶձԷĻ˶ʵġֻû˵ӣˮʵҲ֪ƿӣˮڹ麣һϣҶ
˧ˡ
ֵӣҶð΢΢̾Ϣֻһ֮ԣ޷ش⡣ǡӣˮƺֻôΣ֪ÿĻӶпдˮ֤Ƕֵأ
Ͳˣ͸ϡࡣ
Դһӣˮֻʣ±͵ߵ5ˡ˧˻Ҫ𣿺ߺߣ붫Ʋù麣һɣ


040 ü
ô龭Ļʸ̩ŲĿɿڴ
ԭɱԴ޵жȴöԺ
ԷıȻһ
ʱ鷿ڣҶϹüͷʸ̩ȴѾǽȥ
˼Ƭ̣˧˽ľҲ²ԷпܽӣˮͿĨ¹Ɑ֮Уֻõ¶ڱףʶ۶Ժôѡж
ϹɻȻӶжΪԷԴ޲ж
һЦӣˮҪУҪһ¶Ⱥʱ䣬ûв´ĻԷԴм飬Ŀľǽͱ¶ȣӻˮڻԺԣûҼӱþߣӿ˶صڻʶԺжԡԴ
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ƾĪǼƣѸڻʸ̩ǰռҪλãǲҪδѦĹ˵ȾɳѾı֮ϡ
ô죬ô졭Ժһԭ޵ĺ̸ȻƲ˫֮һƬ߲ҲûˣԷǻ޼ɵ֧ߣλ
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ʸ̩žһ𣬵ƽ
Ҷһݣֱ֯϶󣬽ԴԷһ£

ʸ̩ΪҶĴ󵨼ƻŵôϡ
ǰһԵ򲻿Ĵ˴ʱռƣΪǾʧ룬Զʱɸһ
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Է䣬㴫Դ޹ǿ
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ң
ԴһЦʵҰӰжȡûһġ
ռݴ塣Цŵûбµּ⣬ռ˶ݣֻҲ԰ȡңҲôô򷢵ģǽˣԸְæ
ЩԴ޳
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Դ޶۾Ҫ˧췲ͷ
һЦð졣˧ˣ˧Ѿǳָ֪ͬ͢ˣ˵ΪѾ˶йȥȭˡ
ԴɭȻһЦǾĻʵ۱ºú׼һ죬Ҫɱ˧췲͹麣һ棬ҪǰúŪһ¹νʮŮǸ̺ͷѩȷǶˣ


041 
йݵʱҶȴûеһʱ䵽ﶫйݡ
ȥ˽Ȼ
ˡȻЩȻȴһ˿ϣ˵ġܹԣ˵Ѿʼעˡлл㡣
ҶǰŶ绨㽿޵գοֻǹȥԼһأȻ޵ݵһԼģҪ߳ϼѡڣţûҵȰοҲ߳Ǹġ
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Ⲣ϶йڵֳ档
ڶйӴĻ֮ڡ
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ҶԷļңЦˣԴǰҪ붫λһߵͣ˧ĳҲʿţʶƴŹְҪҲҪԸǰ
Цһô˧ߣֶҶ̫ðüͻȻһ壬ͻȻųڶֵĶ˺ȵס֣
ֻʮĸֶʱеˡ
̿һ΢΢ƵĴ󺺣ƵСӸղŵʮеʱ򣬾ӦܹȡʤΪβʹԻƽ״ʧᣬҪ˷Ѵҵʱ𣿡
Ǵ󺺻Ƶ΢죬ɿһңǡ
һֱûвԵºͻȻĿ˵˰ɡ硣Բԣ
ǻƵһ㶣ſͨһڵأͷүȻ档ǡֲΣÿÿͬһʽ֮£ʵڶˣүΪָԽ򡣡
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Ƶæѽһеĳֲλʱ䡢׽һ˿˿̱ѧүơ
̾ȼ֪һеĳвλʱ䣬ȴƲһúˡ
Ƶһģں֮ţѲ⣬֪ĳ֣ȴҲá˵ϰγ𵶣Եүָ̣
һ̶ֱ
ǵǧٲ˿һ˳ȥվǻƽɫĵ⣬ҫĿ


042 Ī
һʹ˶Ǿɳ
ǡʹҪƵ쾳ʵҲΪףȻܹģ³ԷʽͬСͺѵˡ
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Ƿѩɫ֪ʲô΢Цһɣ
Ƶ˳ȥ֪ŮӿȻ磬ȴһѲ书
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ȻŹһѵõġѵ֮ա㶼һЩ㼫ѻشѧ⣬º㽫ǴˣģЩ·ϡ˵ĻҪѽѧӭж⡣
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ǹ麣һ棬Ա̺ͷѩ˶һɵɫ߻ӻʸ̩һϷʵı飬̸ֳŭҶЩԣ֤öֱӺϡ
ҶԲŲæ΢΢һЦº⻰˵ȷʵû취֤ԼǼȷʵ

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043 ʶ
̺ͷѩػһۣһʦûпֵİãرǵˣô쾹Ȼ˧췲쵰
һԵĻʸ̩УʱºѲǵǸĹȻ֮͸еĪĸо
ҶֺһС˵־ģڳȥĿɨÿ˵ϣʱԼļһһ䡰ʲôɣǼϸõģǼϸ㲻ǡģϸҲᡣ㣬ղô𾢣ô˵ˣ㣬˵ʮ顮ҲǼϸ
Ҷǰǰòһ飬ŪȺ鼤ܣ˶εӶ֣ͰСʱҶȻطƽ̨ƲƲ죬һ̯֣ûҵ
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쵽ֻһĨ¹⣬ͻȻºҲðļƤ
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ʸ̩ʷӦѸ٣һأͣ㳯Ŵŷɶݡ
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޷ºЦһҶļ򣬵һĺܺáһС෵ΪѾ벻ӾȻϰɣ㲻ǲ̫Ϥ޵ռ˴αˣ㲻ʲôһûôˡ
Ҷνʼ磬˵ˣӵý
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ոջüԵ̺ͷѩɫ죬ŤǰҶˬȻһЦȶŮڣŶӵûԷͶ֣úˣϽŪóԵġ


044 Ұ
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ףӰ׸ɭֲ
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ģԷż˿
ʸ̩ɫĬ
Էı飬ɫݣһµʱ򣬽Ҫõһ濴ֹܱ۵ִ̬еʱҪΪӪԴܱССʱ̹ģ㲻ǵ𣿡
ʸ̩һ㶣æߵף״˽̻塣
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Էʮͻʸ̩ʵ̬ȣŻʸ̩ʵʹ¶ǴͩҶ״̥ǣλ̾һĻͩӳѩױϼС㣬ԻפʳǣǸɱŶûʶơߺߣͩӳѩ֮󣬳αװȥԲþͬ飬ҸǳûӻĶӣǰַͬΪͩҶ֪֮ۡʸ̳лͳ߻ˡ
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ף״ˣһͳ£פʸ̩²°ٱ飬ΪԷһıÿһζҪĽĹά
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ʱ꣬ꡣʸֱ̩Դذ֮ϣ̧ͷŤףֻĿ־С
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Դ֪ԼԷ֮СĽӲҰԼҰչ¶ֺ
λҰļҵУе顢㣬ֻҪĿ꣬ɱ֮ϧ
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ԼѾ֪˵Լ֪Խ࣬ԽΣ
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ǰ㣬УϵĸסȻѾ˷Ǹļ誣ͲҪи֮ʣԺȥĸۡ˻ɣ񲻻˴󽫾ļƲߣ󽫾ļƲߡ
ǡʸ̩ľƣ
Է̾˿ϧеȻҵļƻУЩȷء긲ϼңһСӣͻȻ䲻ϣһУĵܵ޳޴˧췲ǡ㰡һҪԴ޷ǿһѵΪǿߣһֱŷΪ޵ѡǸϸʿķӣûбκˣΪһֱЧҵĶΪǸǰѵδ֮ǰκ档
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ǡδ䣬Աҡ˯ԴޣҲش˸硣
˵콥ҪôԴŷ˸۾ûͱԹð˿ô죿
аԴһţ˭˯ģ
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ңԶʳǵص߸¥̨ҶдһĸоԼһ΢С֮󣬾µڻʳǺֱײȷԼ˴˿š
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ӺϣɪˬˮҶ۷ˮϣһϾƣŷԾϴͷˣȶ򣬸¸ֱе
һƬͣдսĽա
ͻȻ֮䣬˶ĬĬز˵ؿǰƾʱš
аͻȻѵõ̾˿һ죬֮ԲõҾһѧһ㣬֮ϣһβ㣬һϾơ
Ҫ˳ˣԴЦʡ
аЦֻɫУȻŷ𿴵ԼճϢңӣ޵òȻţаţɫһ졣
ԭ˼ˡԴڿЦתͷҶʵҶӣˣ׼˳𣿡
Ҷ˵ĵطззĵطн˾ǽô˳
ĿˢˢؿҶȻ˵Ļ
ҶһЦ֮Ըƽհɡ
ضԶ
Դ˲صڵϣְ˸βͲݣƾݹĿɬζζټ仯
ҹȥһˡҶԲ䵶ķУ桰С¥һҹꡱʫ䣬ԴޣߵᶨһȻһնиԴɱһܾᵱɱ֮
ؿһۺаоһתȥָȻƮ߰ɡҹµգɱ˵ĺʱ

ɽ̺ͻ̵ͷ߸ϡ
Ϊʬʶͷ
֮䣬ǲݵĵزȻƣԼʿǼͬʱҲŭĲֶΡ
ɫ
йݵĴڣ˾ţţͣزĵȴҵĲɱʱ̡
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ĿɨĿġ˧췲жжΪм
·ĶеĽ֮󣬻˾˵ơ
֮вˡ
Ƴϡ
Ǭ˲ȺһլݱϣңƻͨĶйǷԺ䣬һЦֿõ顣
濴ȥй˾ƽһûҶľٶκ궯ļ
˿ͽХɽ°סաˡˣԼϹѦϰļֶȺ֮ԣӴǳ
ڣÿ˶öԷεĿ¡
ʵԼ˾ȻƹϵĪ棬ʱԼҵǰ;ġٲΪ˿ƶࡣ
ǡաХɽɫڿΪԼ̧ͷͦˡ
Ϊʥ֮һƹʿӰġ
ĿעĿ꣬˿һ㣬˫Ŀԣִһʷݵζ˵ķ
ΧĴ󲿷ˣδҪ˵ĳ֡е˷֮ѾԱµ˫ֲս޿ɱҫ
ϹĬǰһսֻЩڰħͷҲס˰ɡ
΢΢һЦƿƵʱˡԤıħţ򣬶Ѿ͵˼ޡ֮Ƴ֣ɽγ׶Ⱥħؿס̲ǾʰЩ˰ɡ
Ǭ΢УָָԶĶйݣҹ֮սҪް겻÷
һЦˡҲԴ˾֣ۺʱԭǿġҹһսеסԤı꣬ʱȻȫһκβ֣ƹһƾ˭ǳе𡣡
ͷ̾һú𣿡
ǰһӦ֣ڼƻеľݵ㣬޵ֻҪ˽˶йݣ۵ǸͻΧǾ¡ȻЩؼֳ⡣
Ǭһ֣Ц޷Щյĸ֣ǵ¾Ʋˡֻ踺ֱá
⡣
ж⣬ʵı󶯣жԲߡ
¼Ǽ׿У书ս벽񻰵ĸ֣Ȼ˺˸Χ֮ӳǵзǿӲƴֻһ裬Ի׷ȡ֮


051 Ŵս
򵥷Ը˺˴ӦֵֻҪйһ֣Ҹ·ȷ档˿ͽХɽ󣻲Ǭա°׾ңʦѦֺϰֵ־УӦԮսκս
ȻӦŵ
µա
Ȼˬˡ
Զҹ£Ȼһ죬йݵĴŷ򣬶ʱһƬ졣
ɱֵţӰ˷ӿ˶йݣֻǧ˶ֹס
벻һȻ˶ǿйݣ˶Ǿ
ҹؽһս
һЦӣȻԵõйݵķȥ
æ
ս٣

ɱ
ŷĺ֮ʣɱ˷ͬʱӰŶйɱ
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ӭս
ºһ˿ЦȻһ֣ܵӦֱɱйݵ
ºȻֱɱ֮С
ŷȰź˵һ㣬˫ĵԱȫĵط˶йǰС㳡֮ϡ
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СС㳡Ҳվˣء
ǰԴޡԷԸ֣ǰºӧһ͢ξ֣ʩʩȻվһ࣬Ըһξ롣
Դʯ۰εիΪۣԺİңκȻУ֮⣬ԭ֪޾Լĸ·֣ʮˡ
Է󣬷ʮ̫ˣ˫ơϽ𽣡£Žڱޡұ򡢡ԧ쵶㡢ħ̣ڡ龳Ĵ֣ϵڳ
֮ǽĺڰ֣˶ͷ棬¶вء
һɫɫ̾ͻҰɫװķ˵ӣ쿪ֱĹ㳡࣬塢֮ڣģǯŲĵĵˡ
Ժһĵط̾ȡݶǽͷŲС¥Ƹߵ㣬ͬʱֳֹԶٴС
ĿǰĵзͳһǧۻѾɱйݵ
ϣһʵڴԿ
ֻҶĿƳףһЦѿһξ룬ǽͷƸߵҲãв͢ξܸ¶вأưѼʵİţؼʱ̷һ
ԴһЦĿ⾼صŹ麣һ棬ǹǻ˵棬棬麣һ棬˫սʮ꣬Ƕ㲻˵ġ
Է˱ʣԴӣºȻʧЦصԴڣڱصˡǹ麣һֻ´ҲʳѰ˰ɡ
˵úáԴ˫ִӻ̽סҵƵұȡ׼ΪҴʢ֮ء
ˡ
һ޹죬Ⱥһɫ¼ɫFֳŮӯӯǰУԴһ顣
ŮýСںڵ㷢縡ɽѩĿضׯϣԴʥ֮Уޱȵ
Ƭ̣һգŮӯӯһ̴ῪմѾ͸ԴڣףԴ쿪ʤŮ˵ʱ¶౴ݣ֮ˡ
лӣ񹬴͸ѩӣ뿿󣡡Դе¶֮ɫȻλӣ񹬵ŮԴ޵Ĺϵǳ
ҶɫһĿŮƬ̣̼ǵСƺֲ֣̫϶ǰŮǷСӵľˡ
ΪĻԴ֮µĵһ֣ʯ۰εիºɱ˶ԺĻΪУлῴ̫
һἰԺʱȫʿļŭȡ
׷װסȫһಫ̬ơ
ֻºλ̫»У˶ڣȴ˲İð亹
ҶɵЦһʯ֣ԺɹﲻͷϡҲ֪˾Ļ󽫾֮λɱ˶Ժȡ֮λνľңǳڲĵ˵ԻȥǻصޣֻĻĴ󽫾ҲҪˡһʯûָܷʤºûʸˣٷָߵͣΣ
֮ⷬʯ۰εիжƣ̨˫Ŀʱɱʢ


052 ̺
ʯ۰εիҪ֣һԵԷ˵˷һ㽭Ƿַ˧췲㱳ѳ͢˵ء
Žڱޡұһпɳ̱仯Զ˵ľŽڱޣȵʦֺǷϻҿȺڶ򣬾ʲô̶ȣ
Ƣ𱬵һľȣ淢ˡһ죬ȵ˵úáյҵģϣϷˡ
ұӣġԧ쵶㷢һЦһԧ쵶ˡ죬ʾ׵ĹӦС˴º඼Ǿҷɣ
ã
ºȻֽǰԴҵƵͬǰ
룡
룡
ͻǺȻ֮£ӯӯɢ¹ĺ㳡Ѷ᳹صĽ
¡ԣ뽣ӳֱ߱أͻȻŹ
ȺֻĿѣԣǲұӡ
࣡
Ĺ㳡ϣƽĺˮͻȻʮϮ񱩵ֱʡ
ǹ㳡ϵĿҲΪ֮֮һգȺͬʱܵƣĹʱ㲻ȣԶһЩƸߵϣֳ󹭵ľ˲䵹һƬ
λһ֣ٿȻգαʧ٣ССĶйݸ޷öʩչȭţ˼֡
ɱ
ԷһŭȳŶһɱسŹ麣һ治ڵʱ򣬴Ϯɱһĸ֣ռ
ҶһЦҪӭ¶֣ΪڳĸУֻԼ֮Ĺ֣֮Ҳһ
ɾʱͻȻһѵ˧СѣҰɡ
δ֣ǵصĽٿȻϯǰез֡
ĳ֣Ҷĵ׵һʯͷء
û˿ʹĿѣԵ
լǰ㳡Ȼ˾ɾƺ̵ƺãļµɱ⣬ޱ˱ܡ
Էִ󺧣֪Ѫս٣æȣż
˻֮ʱѾΪû뵽һֱϾ뽭ȻͻȻڴ˵ء
ԼҲ֪ͻȻֵӰ죬ԼѾ³ֻŽɵϯ˵콣泯Ϊ׵ʮϮ
Ҷתʨ𹦡ȵƹԮȺۻ־ܣ
һ𣬲һ⣬˶ֵʱ
Ȼ
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٣
һ졣
ܷԭڴ˷ɱ֮Ӣɱܣ
ɱ
Ƹߵϵ͢ξ֣ʱһתйУ̾мʬͷݶ׹䣬Ŷ󣬰ε֣Ѹײڶ֮ƣɱ
լݶϵʱѷ֣һƬսȫʹʧԶ̹һʱɱɫ䡣
ԷĿѣʹСҪɱ꣡
һΧǰʿҹĳҲͬۡ

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ԭƶļƵԴѹƹ麣һ棬ԼסǸµ˧췲Ȼ˶ƣʯ۰εի˺ϳʵǿһ飬жɣɱ̣ɱ̺ͷѩ֮ƣһɱԷǿ֡
Լʦܣˣʹ˲ܻӦԮﵽٶ𶫺ĵĿꡣ֮ڣȷһ㡣
֪ǧ㣬Ҳ㲻ƹȻͻȻ֣˹زһֱȫֳ˫ı񽣣ŶԷͷʮˣǿսԣȴ޷չ
꾪µġ̺콣ֽ
˿̸˶᰽Ψзֵüֲҽ죬ֻԽӦǰΣѡ
Ǻ󷽵ٽֺ̾ǣһʱ䵲ǰ޴Ӳ֣ս֮ڣ˶ڣ潻ʼֻĿæֿңͼƹȥɱû뵽סδʩչɱ֣ԺɱХɽˣͬȺһسɱ
ʱһƬ
ʯ۰εիЩʿһĸʱԭֹ֮֪һõĿ½޿ƥеƣʱǾտ֮ģǰߵ磬ߵķˮ̣صâͷʧƺ֮ڵȥ


053 µ
ʱĶ棬ֱԷҽһԷұľŽڱޡµĶϽ𽣣̵ħķڡԧ쵶޸ֵͻϮȫƺȥ
жͬһͷֻһˣӦôֵǿֻҪ˶Է˵ס֮˱ɳɱ֮С
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ʮ겻֣һֻǿ
ӦҶսаԴޣŸ̵ؾ˵ƺһʱĿڴ֪β֣Ҷ򣡡
γѣŶֵṦȥɱҵĵط֧ԮѹĴļ

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ƾ֮ȴһ㣬ֻǽĸ׹֮ơ
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ĿעŶԷ̩ɽԣǵĿҲΪ֮ƿƬ̡
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էֻºһҡеĵһСէһ־볤սšϼʮýһСϼдƣϸһȴ־оǡһɽׯ֮عӰʮеһСӰɱ־ʵ붫ɳġ̶һʱƽһ졣
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ºüԶһƵɲǼͬƽ֮ϣιһ̶̳гһƿ棬飬ųͬԵĹâ
ԴУһǴͬ
˹཭Ҷġ񽣡һС庣硱Ժ֮ʮͽеġʥ͡ڴʽġΧء̫׽ڡɻ½ġƷɻԼ¡ΤƷеġ˷ꡱ֮衣
һ书֮ƣºһУֽ֮ݲʹһСƺ¡ľһʽԴ޳ԷӲƴһǣʻ˭һ
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ޱߵȻڶ˽ֵĵطɢأƷ˷ԲʮݶƬвٲʵĽΪ֮㵹
嶼ǣΪ֮𶯡

һ죬᰽ѷȺػ̻ɨ޵ػʮֲͬ
᰽ߣǿԷʯ۰εիߣǽұ򡢵㡢Ƶˣ޲кֶչ㱻ȵ׷
ֻһװﱻ᰽һϣ˷ǰ
ɵ˲ۣһ㽣âֱֱصǰ
Ŀȵͷ¶β֮
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Էһʱ֪ӵϣϣͼ˵Σѡʯ۰εիһߣǲҪ
ϧľѳۣкӳ죬ھʯ۰εիͰ˿ϵʱһһƬֳ룬أ¶һ绨ա
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ʯ۰εիϲĪ
۾һУͺȵ
ĿɨٿȻסԺһͨߣŭ㵽Ǻˣ

ˣһѿĲĻ󽫾֮Ůͩӳѩμָ
һԭɱ
ⱩţٴΰҪ˳ƺĵ˾˽


054 һ
һһס˶ԷһҶ˫ṦһС¥֮չ֮ɱĵ˲סѪϡ
ʱԭԴ޵Ľֺ̾ЩԾ߱ԸҶӵսС
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Хɽ߸ˣѷͷǽϵĵˣլ߱ϻϣЭڹ¾սĶ֡
ʱй֮Ҳǵصĺɱ֮ҶӸ£ԶԶֻйݵֵɱһͷڽĸ̫࣬ǧˣسΧ͢ξ߸ʿͼ֧Ԯһ
Ӱ˷¥ȵ͢ñͺɱˡ˵ֵѦϰѾȥ֧Ԯ
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Ϊ˷ֹͻΧг͢ЭоᶽĴԷһ벻Ȼˡ
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ӰһһɱȥǬ˿ͽ滻麣һ棬סԴޡ
Դ޹ǻŭҶ֪λԴһʱǲ岻ֵˡ
ɱʱľ񶼹ؽŴã֪˺£ֻݷϣүӲ꼰㡣

ʱҲ˲ɱҵʱ̡
ʮ̫еġڡǽƻգۼǰұ͵򸾶˾طݵ˽иƬ̣æ͵һ󣬺ȻֻרӦǰˣȫ֪Ĵڣпϲ£ڱһͣȡСġڡȫһӣɫԷȥ
һۣ֪ۿͻȻǰһȻһգ̲סǰˡ
ʱɢæ͵طһ顱һ죬߲һţ룬ʱѣѪ飬ʬ׵ȥ
ͬһʱ䣬̸е̵᰽£˵Ľر۶ϣֱһʱʺһ㵹
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һɲҵѪζֵ
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Էͼζ벻ֻǱ˼գۼĹ򣬼誱ݰ¶һһˡ
ٿغˣ꣬ὣ˵Ʈݣ΢Цɨ˸һۡ
ֻȻ˺󣬵ȴˣֻҪǣȻһ
ۿֱΨһսļļ١
һļֿ¾Ҫ˴ԼĴԮҲǱˮнΪ֮ƣһ˲ס˷ſֽš
ϧԷλѪĸ磬ȴȻһϼ޻ģʱ򻹲ʶƴػǹ麣һǰ㣬ס벽ˡ
ʱ˿̣ΨһܹģֻԴˡ
߳
ڿնŲеԴ޴ȥӰһһ߸Ŀİסȥ·һɢɭȻǸҲȥ
㡭誼ҪƿڴĿӶԷƽ侲˫ۣһɼİϤĸоӿͷ


055 Ⱥ
ȻԷ˵Ľλ书˵ǿޱȵ־ЦӯӯĿ⣬Ȼضһļ¡
ֻĵŲĿĲݵĺĺڱصõš
˶֣ڳ޲⣬־Էɱ˺δ֣µӣǷ𵨲ľĸо
Էаޣ֪Ѿ춯صĽǿ壬սʤͷ֪æֵܣǿ֮ĩĪȡԪʱ䣬ϣ
δ䣬֡ơ֡׽Է֮ѹȶĲƺ񹥶ȥ
֪ĹͷƣȴԷһߡ
΢ǰȥ᰽ƿƺһâʻԷµķƽ֮䡣
һȫԶš
Էƺһ߷ݰɵغۡһѪݲҵ
ֻһ֮䣬ԷȥˣͬʦֵԷ׺
ֻüͷһ壬Է˥һɡΪղŵһԷûоȫԼشԷԷֻ֮ȫ˹ص˼֮ϣǱݣͬóվֲǹؼڡ
ֻԷΪգҲı䲻˰Ľ֡
΢΢һЦӹȰ䲻ݷضұ͵ľŽڱ޺˫һڳ̻֮ϡһ˴Ƶ˫
ұ͵޶Ѷ壬һУ̺Աȴûȴˡħ̡
һеĳħХһԸ͵̬볣һؽӰ֮Уһ¾͸оԼ·𱻶ԷݺһϣֱؿڣѹòѪȻܣԷ׷ûһκȴסʯ۰εիĽ·ߡ
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֮ħڻ˳֮֮£ǣһᣬҪʱһĨϼɢֻüһۣ͸룬汩ж
нĺһ䣬ȴһģһȥҪ˵ʱ򣬶Էһ᰽ͬʱžһ죬۷ȥΪҺ˼ڳˣֱԭһת֮زز
һԭó߻Ӱȥͣף߻ٵǱó
ȻûȡöԷ֮ȴǸ˻ʸ̩һ˵ˣǴʱԷѾĿ׹ûʵҰĵĶӸԼһ
ԴһĶֻ֣ʣԷʯ۰εիұ򡢵㡢ƺͳˣԷòˣֵֻܶˡ
ٴսǺЦδֵӣշĵȣȷ˸ɽֹ־ȫ⡣
ԷװŵϢһ󣬻վɫ԰ѿû˵ȴ´Ȼ⡣
˶ΰΧῪƣͬʱԪ߶׼һֵѪսʱƶ־ѵȻ޴档
˲ڰ㣬ͷȫֻЩƻĵˣѸҶ˳ɱɾʬ״ǧٹ֣ҡͷ̾λΪǺοɡ
ⱳĿյɱ顢ηʯ۰εիĵ㺮֮£Խ׳һˡɼ޵еֲ
һĨպգ˶ϻѵʱ˿ָȰҵȻͷ𣿡
´еܿܣʦֵܴһѾĻ󽫾
ԭˡ
뵽Էһ˴пܾ޴ԭֵ̽ʱĻᡣ
תͷֹˮؿűѪı᰽̾һơ
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ֻ֪Ǹٶѷʱǰ᰽£߽ڶϽϣܼ
ѪڣĺʱһᣬȻ·ֻʣ˰ؽʱ亹ֱð
ʱұľŽڱһɸֱ޻ΪޣӲͳӻХ硣
±̾ȻѹȫۼתԸ㡢ұʯ۰εիˣϲ֮æƮˣҼһʱؿһʧ˵ǰؽѴ͸ķ
·ȫǰҺʱұĳһͷ౻ˡ


056 Ѷ
ŽڱޡұϾֲˣͬʱȫ˾͸ִľŽڱޣ˰ֹȥܽס˱ɳû֡
ұʮޣȻͨɷӣһе˫ԮӶʱ򣬵ұеľŽڱѾ䳶ֱžžƾŽڱ֮ϡ
ұʹЩ˵Ĵ㣬ûϵԼȫԸ֮£Ȼƴ˸ƽɫѵѾƴԪ¹
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ұʱոճһĻﲻ֪ԼȻмƣ¿˦еľŽڱʱ͵һɱϢ͸ֶ룬˲乥뾭֮ڡ
ұһѪȫѣƮҶȥʮ֮ԶһԷĽ¡
ۣۣ
ѪҺȾ˵ұĿг˶ľͲʣֱֱضǰԷסԷĿţŷʲôҪ˵ȴʼ˵
ԷһٿȻ߿Է֣ȴӣ˲ģһ˫Ů˴ޡʮֻĻõʿǻΪ㱨ġ
ұ˫ĿԲɣŭҡͷŷһУֻǿԲ˫ۣһ
ʦܣ㲻Էµһ𣬶ʱõ״転ȥ
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һʱԧ쵶˸ʵֻøĲƣݱܵ˷
һϳʱȫ򷨣Ҳ뷽跨رˡ
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ʿ߱ʿʱ⣬һ֪ȥһתߣѩһ㣬ٶ˼ӡ
ʱΪѹߵһݣʯ۰εիƶ˸ɫХһǽͷȫӡ
Էһ̾Ⱥһʧ
˼ͷɢ˭ϲСһķȥ
ԷҶһߺȣǰ׷ȥ
ݶ֮պȻ
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ɢӵȺʵ̫ң֮䣬ԷѾʧ
аסļ誣ͩӳѩĻҲټǣԴǸɫҲ֪ȥδ
ԶԶؿһӰһƺʯ۰εիǸϻҶһҧϣϣܴ˳ϣҵʧٵԷ
ںڰԽҰ嶼ⶫʮһˮͣ
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һһ
һεʧ֮󣬿ް궼ԻָԪ䵱ѡ츳Ķͯʱ£Ǿ򣬿ν˷ˡһһϦصġ
뵽ɵһ֮СΪһεĴƣԼĸ֮࣬ǳ˿
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Ϊ˸׵Ĵƣ誺ԷԼͩӳѩͩ㼪ݣΪֳĶԺûܾ֪벻ȴԺԭ֮һ
Է
ǸҰĲļһΪԼĵλҰɱκεԼǰӰʹǸס


057 
ͩӳѩ뵽ԷȡʤҲˣԭȡ
ϧһιһԷʧȥԭеһУôһָأ
ͩӳѩͷһ뵽ԷпܻعޣȡĻ󽫾֮λͼɽ
뵽ͩӳѩнǣԤıеصȥ
ĿгһССͷԼӰͣһС֮ʱͩӳѩδüˣش˸սȻͣ
ʵɫ£һݣֳһӰǰĿ˹
ȻڶйסԼǸˡ
벻ǱԷϣͩӳѩ̲ס㵽˭
аǰȻҽаӲġǳԤϵƽ
ͩӳѩɫӲСһ׷˵أǻˡ
һ䣬ɫӳµĺӰӰٿȻͩӳѩǰ֮ƣаΧס
ĸסʸ̩ʻʩ
ùá˵һˣȴ͢
ʸ̩죬ͩӳѩɵһɫһ͢㸸أ
͢ڨЦסδ
ͩӳѩĿһŭʱ򣬾Ȼ١
ֻ²٣ı·˰ɣĵԴ޿šһЦţһ߻Էı㣬ôܸߵķǲǱõնĿֻǡٺ٣֮ززǻΪʵɿ
˸㼪¾ǵġ
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ǶԷ˽⣬Դ޵Ĳ²ȷǴпܡ
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Դ޵ɨǰˣȻʯСӶˣǵ˰ɣ
ǻ˵
ҶºϵĴݵϣӸΧסȥ·
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ͩӳѩʯ۰εիҪͻƵӱߵĴϣһԵģа
ΧԴ޺Ҷ֧Ԯʱаڵз˵İ֮УνʮΣա
ɴʱаֻƽƽؿŶͩӳѩ˿Ľţ峺׵ȴöԷֵܡ
ʸ̩ʴʱЦһƸۣ¹˭ֻһĸ״ˣʯ۾һ֣ɱǡ
ԴһС˵úáⳡϣ֮Ҳ³һú㡣˵ϵƤһ¶Լֻ˿ɫһƬ˵Ѫ죬ʮǰϼҵվ͸ͩҺúõֻˡ
˾һ㶣ǻʸ̩ͷһЦԭϼǲ֣նδȻ
ͩӳѩĿԴͣƬ̣һ̾ϼҵôȻдһϼСӦùðɣΪĻδҽӽϼС֮ãҹѧϰǻϰߣɱòΪҲʹôΨһѣǸĹһֻΪ롭ԣһò밮ļˡ
ͩӳѩͷ£ػϧ˭˵ױҪΪĻĴƣֻĸ㼪ɱǣ
ҶĿ⾼ڣΪԼҰģϼҵѾѪ֮ɱļ誣
ͩӳѩһɱϼСȲѣɱ誣ȴȫѰ·ŷǸݷ裬أҪΪ˴ƣίȫⰫĳţôܹºӵʱ򣿡˵ɭȻһЦҴ󹦸ɣʶ֮ұסֻƤʹ࣬죬㰧졣ûƯ֮ģжôĳª
öͷƤ飬ͩӳѩȴ¶ı飬ʱҰһررľӷŵǰΪòʲôȻã
ͩӳѩʱģʮǸ񾭲͢ͻʸ̩ʵϣҲ¶ֵη塣ΨаУ¶ȴͬͿ
ͩӳѩһ˵ţһḧԼգʱұԼԭʲôˡĿʱתаܵ꣬ȻһЦأ꣬ʲôޣ
а˵ֻǻժԼƤߡ
ͩӳѩĿ˲ͣ¶ı飬ܣⲻܣ


058 
ĳԾ鸡ͩӳѩϣʱ˵ľ
ĸ״ˣ˭ʸ̩ʼʡ
ͩӳѩһס˺˵϶⡭㡭ôܣô
ΪͩӳѩǰǵԼķ棬ֻӲʺӢŮԵ
˭
ô뵱Լ
ʱͩӳѩΪԼⱲӶģû뵽ֻɲ֮䣬ڼףͳԼǰ
ԭԼҪΪǵģӡԼ޷ѡ
Ǿͩӳѩò
ͩӳѩĿٿȻƳʸ̩ʣֿаɫ룬޷Լжϡ
ôô
˭ҵĶӣ
ﲻͣ߶һ䣬ʧķĲˡ
Ϳ֪Լ۾ԼĸоǶʮ꾫ࡢһ㳤ĸ顭
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аŴ͵ͩӳѩ˱ˣȴû뵽ձҲơͷ㲻һö˶Ӱˡ
˵һѳԼ½¶һͩҶ״ɫ̥ǡ
һ̣ĿɿڴĲֹͩӳѩˡ
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ԭ㣿ʸ̩׻ô˸ԼһҲͬһλͬһ̥ǣ
ļǵãԷ˵̥ǵķȡһƬͩҶմӣˮ֭ͩҺĻ壬ҹ֮󣬲µӡǡ
ϣʲô֣ԼͬӡǵֻԼȡ֮Ļʸ̩ʡʸͩӳѩӡ
㡭ҵġͩӳѩϾ޴֮ˣɲ֮뵽Ĺؼջʧɫ͵һΣεڵأתͷʸ̩ʣһ˿ʹ࣬ǰʵ⵽ôһ£ʶ⵽ôһ£
ͩӳѩԼһײʧȥӣʹֵʸ̩ʣࡣ
ʸ̩ʴѣҡͷЦһﰡҶΪⱲӶ֪Լĸףʲôһˡµ񡭡к⣿ŷŷȫһ㣬̧ͷȵҲĶӣԷҵĸסӣ길ֳ벻벻Ȼջϡĸӿžˡ
䣡
ƾһըףػ̱صģֹͩӳѩһˣΧԴޣҲһɫȻ԰ס
ԼСεʤֵܵĺѣȻԼŵĳ֮ӡ
ԭ֪
һֱ˵
Լʲô
ʲô
ʲô

Դ޴аоԼѾľˡ
Ϊʲôͩӳѩŵ˺ԼͷŷһغԷΪʲôô
ʸ̩ѾȥˣԼѾ˳ʲôģ
ΪĻĴ󽫾ҪԭԺҪңǼҪӵ£Ҫ½ʣ
ӣҶ
Ƿӣʸ̩ʹЦ˻ΪĿģͬʱʮŮ˻Уѡ㡢ʺϵ̳߻֮λѡΪ͢˵Ų̵Ц⣬ؿԲ֪͢ΪԼԷĶ㲻Ǹ˶˳Ķӣ֪ǸļһҲֵܣдСɳʧĻ飬ʵֵܣֻǰܸ㣬ֻʧ
ܿ͢Ƶزðһ亹
ʸ̩ЦһôܻҵݣҽС΢ıΪҲҪΪҲ֪Լĸ׳ʲôӣӣӡǲӰˡ
ڳˣѾȫԷһֲŪ˼Ҿ֮С
ҶֱڵصͩӳѩԸаĿ͡ʧȥԴޡ
Ȼ˵ӣеͶҶʵ
ʸ̩Цһ䣬˭ӳ˵ģ㲻˿ƵӣֻƱ˵֣ңͶ
飡
һ䣬ʸ̩һƽԱʧǵ͢ɨɳȥסаԼ֮ϣնһˮ档
۶ʱ֮ġ


059 ճѪ
쵰
ӰһҶںϣȴֻŻʸ̩ʵԶȥ
ʯ۰εիѾסˡ
ԼصʿıЧҵľȻļ
ʧˡ
衣
а俴Ѫ˵Լǰ͢ǲһĶ棬ʱϻҶ֪룬һڽͷ˹
Դʧǡ
ͩӳѩʧꡭ
֮£ˮ֮ϡ
ҹ棬һƬʹı
͢ЦһϧˡԶҲزޡ
ҶĿ⿴Է
͢⣬һ޿ڨЦݡͷҲһ·ļ̳֮λ𣿡ȿȣҲ뿪ˡ
ΪʲôҶɻѣǰ͢Ѿӱ￪ʼѪɫѪ
Ҷǰ͢ѪӦ͸Ƕ֮İҴⶾֱӲ˺ģȲˡ
Ϊߵġۣǣ׼ġסġֻܵҲµλáġǺǡ߻ӡţӾġ
ۣ
͢ЦһѪܲң۹зŷȻ˻ʸ̩ˮ󾪻ʧı顣
㡭ʲô˵Ҷ֪Լ˵Ļƨ硣
͢ЦţѪֱӿһӿЦɣҶ
аѾ˵Լ֣ҶȻҲ֪زסԼݡ
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ҶԶԡֻ̾ϢһǺο
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а𣿡ͩӳѩȥ
Щôġ
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⣬ͩӳѩǰһһÿĸ׶֪⡭
аޱߵĿͩӳѩ촽˵ֲ֪Ӻ˵
߰ɡ뿪ĵطޡͩӳѩһһѱסԼʮ겻һεĶӣǻޣ޾ӣŮһȥɱԷﱣϴ󽫾֮λɱԷ
ҹˮ
аһƽصֵ𣿡
ͩӳѩֵáͩӳѩĶӣʸ̳Ļ󽫾ıʸ޵İգͩ㼪ͳ֮£
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ӲĶϺУԴ۾ͨ죬ߣ㡭ǣҲȥˡ
ԴޣԼȴѾòˡ
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Դ촽ŲһٿȻʵ֪𣿡
аĬ
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ʮ꣬ΨһѣԴʧȥͯйذ˵ֻ飬ѪҺеĳޣûбɱ˫ۣڣһгΪλӰѾȵףоȫ綼²֡

ŭʵԴ޳˾ĺУҲټǣԶҪҼǣ
ԴתɱʧǵӰۡ
ҶٿȻ
׷ΣѲ֪ΰοԼֵܡ
ѡ
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УǷ·ϲá
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ĿɲǣһɴһϮһƫ䲻ݷرܿһ
Ƶȴնˮ֮ڡ

ҶĵаĽʱƥһ
棬棬ӳѩһ·ߣԴĳףٵǽ
һգԴ޵ٿȻ˽˺ˮ֮Уʧ
Լһͩӳѩص˶ӻС
Ѫɫ˵԰׵ͩӳѩѾԴ޵һնȫ
аĸ׵˵ϡ
޴İʹеǱӦӯ˫Ŀжᣬȴʹ
̧֣ĨȥаյˮͩӳѩҲáĽ֣ǸôˣеˡҶһˡ
аŶԷ𽥱֣Լϡ
ĺ񡭡
ͩӳѩĿ⿴յ£˶ޡԶʣ硭£ãԲ
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Զڵصʯ۰εի򶫷һ߲˸źݺݵغһ

ʣ
ҶŶճһĨ졪
Ѫ


060 õɮ
峿
ˬ
Էѿ뿪йݡ
ڽй֮ǰƺ֮·
Ȼֻһ˲֪·
Ĳ߻ܹʮȺ͢Ķ飬ԷƾĪѸڰѷļֵ˳ӿĴ֮ϡ
˶йҵļֵ嶼ǵľǲ֪˿ڷ֮һ嶼еա
ԷһͨѲúõĲ㣬Ƭκ󣬾صֿٵصһӡ
صڣΪ˷ҲԷĸصڳȥ
Է˼ǾܣһдûŹκˣֻԼԼĶӣҲȽһöӶѡ
ɽڣûա
Է书ֻɻĸˣԡɢˡ͡ħħΪף˵Ĳ书Ѿƥеĵز˺׿ֻܾڶ֮
һΣΪɢˡͽܣıһҲʦ̶ҪϲׯΪƹһֱ¶𣬷ŷûʲô£벻ֻǵһվǰ̨һƻ޵İơ
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չʦʱ䶼һ棬˵һ仰嶼ڣһҾڵССԺֻҪصɰȫþ𣬾䣬ٻصݣȻ뿪ԭǰޡ
вۣȻڴϻߣѶغʲ
Զȶʹ˾ĵǵȻΪ嶼һܿķʤأ˶Ŀľѱӻ
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ΪҶһ֮Ҵ˧ֵĿһϣ˧ҲҪҵܡѡ

ԼѣǶԼΣյһ
Ҷ豭һ
Ҫҽ˵ˣǶءҶڲ㡣
Ǹ˭Ժи¾޵һ˧һֱûдǸֵݣѾ˰ɣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦǸԼ뽭ħŸ֣ȷôˡֻЩһûݡʲôݣ͵ⳡϷ֮еأ


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ٹһ˻⣬кġԭֻʵС޴Ϊ۾ɨԭϰ벻ǻʵСȻϷ򡭡
ٹվתüĿٹƵСӣοǰļ򣬻Ϸ氡Ϸ棬ڻؼˡʮˣΪȡá󡯼޵ΣΪҲòʹħţڡȻΪڰܳĵӡҲҪʱ̼ǵãŵļ̳ˣٹĶӣٹӷ档
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֮⣬̵ԽԽãеʿܻ᲻ģϲһѵʾԼжȡ쵶ʸ
ֻ⽭ǣƢƺ̫ãͰε򡣽ÿ˵϶šҲǡı飬һҩͰ΢ôһǣֻ¾Ѫƴ³
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ҶŴƱڽͷţͷҲصص˵κ÷嶼ʱ뿪еðɣ
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ΪңҶ쿴ȥ
ǬɫȻЦЦ밡ôһ£ҶܲҶ˧췲ô죿˲ͬʱֵĻ˻ɣ
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ҵøϽ뿪װӣڽ£Ҳţ֤ͬһˡùؼʱ̵ӣս
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תһ룬ƵǰСƨ
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ô˵ˡǬƵߵ
Ҷɵһ̾
ϵ⣬ԼûʲôܹǬġΪԼҲǱ߰ĸŪ߰㡣

һ֮̾ʣҶĶһˡ
ĺþƣһβʣص˶Է͡
ҶƲƲ죬СʲôʱҲôˣ
һھˬص͢ξܲͷѵһ𣿻Ҫл˧ֵշ
ǧҡҶ֮Ыδͻϣҿʲô֪
ġ۲㡣ȻãֻСþơ
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067 ħ
ֻܲΪˇNɪһ˰ɣҶһ͡
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¥صĺԺҶ̧һţ񻨵ľӦ顣
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ҶһֱǰǾҪմϰԼˣ
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068 ֪ϤԴ
һֻ֣ҲŮӡ
Цٶ˵غ˸ʹ죬һ˵ϸأħˣȴħе飬ֻų͵귢µĶģʽֵܶѣǮʲôϸһŲʣֻͼİʵ֮١ȻĻֻϸҵͷ
һεı飬ҶЦ
ֻʵ࣬ϻͷ˵ô򵥣׷ݵ飬ҲҶĿġ
Ҷ΢΢һЦϸȻ˵ħŵ鲢룬ħڵ鱨ܲһҲûаɣ໪۾ľٶǲⱣΪ߸ָʹܲӶϸĵλҲṩЩ鱨
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ҶĲ룬Ҫȥ֤ʵ
һΣħ໪۾Ķ̫ҪƵбսĽĿյδƵе棬пܻƵеķпܻƻħİƣڴħĵߣħ϶鷢չһ֮ǰ跨ѹ໪۾Ķ
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ħħڲƽ⣬跨һǿҶƽ⣬ǿһ
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ʱֻҪԼԼƵħ֮ìܣƱͻԡ
ħ󣬿ƸϧƵħ䣬ҰĲֻҪһлᣬͲ֣ħԼĻᡣ
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ЦǺǵصϷ档ȫٹӷ档
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069 ɽׯ
ԭϷʵٹӷ棬ٹĶӡ
Ϣ⿪δɱԭͬʱҲܿٹѾ֪ٹԼɱġ
ٹƨȻز¶ؼʱֺ̳飬ֻлɣɱԼŮ
ݡ
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Ҳпٹšʼ磬Ƶħ֮ǰٹСӾѾ໪۾ߵĺܽˡۼƵоҪɽ໪۾סˣǰ䣬֮ǰ˽ͬˣĽϧһƻٺ١
ҶЦЦҸ֮ĳԹֻ˲ˡٹȻ໪۾ǰ䣬ɼ໪۾ͷǶ˵Ķ֮以ﻥҲأٹȻҵڵľˣûϵţ
ٺǺһЦŵֻ¸ٹ֮ûǸ飬Щ¶ġ֪ڵĿȸƺѾӦԸƵУڡں͹ڵϼһԳһɣҲ桭ҲҪ嶼һ⣬ʲôˣĵַģˡһŪ
Ƶеͬ˿Ҫγˡ
ֻٸԼϢȷУ㲻ϴæ
ҶһϷʵؿԼ̾˿˧ϵܻǡðɣðɣиϢٹҪһˣ˸Īϵ
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ɽׯҶüͷ壬Ͻɽܱǻʼ԰֣ĵׯ԰
ֻ¾Ҫǵġ࡯ٹˡЦǺǴ

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ϽɽһɽϣҶվһôۣ֮ңСɽַ֮ǳĹء
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ׯ԰ȻȻʹضá
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ҶĵһգѾеػȫϡ
䲢ͣЪͨڶգѾ󲿷ֵĽƴϡ
ҶΣÿζǷ츲صı仯
һʱнѾϣʮ޽԰ֻ֣һʱɽׯǶһ̨ͤǶһ¥󣬲ǶһǶһƬ֡
ۿֱҪΪ漣֡
ලԺܹշ嶼ǡҡĶҡ
ľһУʷƾá¡ľ嶼ķңʹԺɷҸ졣λҵ׸磬ǹһλԱɡ
λܹܽׯԺսӣҪ֮լɺĵ죬ڴ˵֮ͣ峿ΣɽׯҪȫɡ
ֻҪ깤ϧκδۣܻǮûϵ
Ѿ嶼ǵĴǮׯʻֻҪܹܴӣʱ֡
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070 ޼޹
պɽׯɡ
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һգҶյսдİǸ׻飬
ͬһ죬ҶҲյǬϢ˧췲ĽԼѯ˧̾ĽڵõһءҪϢ
սȻ໪۾ĦƺеĶӣ
ҶԼЩʹ
ǰİϣһֽϣ໪۾ΪĵĹϵͼ
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սǼ书˧췲Կģƺһֱս˧췲һ嶯ɵϣĿģԲʥļ̳Ȩ
໪۾˱ʮΪģ˵ʶԭȨʲôܵ顣
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սɼһϿ໪۾ͬĸ츸ֵ֮䣬һ飬е㻥ζ
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Щ飬ҶϹٷֱ빬

Ҷ빬Ƭ֮󣬳͢ӥѷɳͬʱĳ嶼ǣֱ뱱ҽĸعٸͱӪ
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һԵ룬ȻˣӦּѦĹǰӰһߣͳǰָӣӦټ嶼ܱ߾ӣϷ壬ʱǰ֧Ԯ
⡭ʸ̩΢΢ԥ̲סڰԼǣһǰʮչ򣬾͵޵ǰ嶼к˻嶼ܱߵıǱ޵Ҫ
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ɽǰʸ̩ŻǸԼ
ѦĹ룬ԵԼǣȣǱµΪҪϰԣռԭҲ벻ϰߣʱһãжعʵصİգΨµʧ
쵰ƨ
Ҷ޵عţ𢡱Ļĵ˵ǲƨ㲻ϡ
ѦĹƨȴĵ˻ʸ̩ŵĿ̲ס޵ѦĿ̡ˣɽʲôʱ˶ٶ


071 ֮
꣬꣬ꡣѦĹӯߺأ£Ӣ䡣ΪɽǱ£¾ǽɽ𢣬µʧΪΪ˱°ΣΪ˽ɽ𢣬ǣԸǰͳغиһߣ֤Ҵܳ嶼һ衢Ӱھ׸һʧأ±ѵдʱգΪ֮ƣӦü¡¸⸮̫ԭ涨·иؾʦϡ
ѦĹһ˵ţҶһڵͼϹۿѦĹ˵꣬Ϲһ㶣ʵѦ˵帮и༽ޱأȫ¶ڱ֮𣿡
ҶҪһƴ쵰
ǰֻǾѦĹǸƨҪôڵЩˡ
ѦĹ΢΢һЦ糼֮ǰԣ°ΣǵһλģڶأԺǡұԶȷɢҪҪǽɢأƱ߷ȹ̣ʵױҴƣ缯һоսֻҪһսʤһջʧأ練ơ
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ս֮أоͿֻ̿һ룬˲
Ҷԣʸ̩һУãѦ䲻Ҿ֮ˣ˲߿СϹּ帮֮и嶼ͳｭ֮£䱱˺Ǹսؽһٻɱȫɱˣ
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ͷŻʳǵΡ̻ԻͣΪ֮ƣñ༽޷㡣֮ЧķҪ༽֮ìܡ׵ģԵظΪԱ齨ѻӳٱҵĽ佹ͷöʧءյȡ͢ʱ䣬Ҿƣ֮ʣһٶʧأ˷Ϊϲߡֻǡ
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֪ﲻǲɱġҶļ򣬵һҪֻ͢㣬༽ΪԷ޷𣿡
磬༽ֿ񣬶ⲻɱӣԳʵдоȻ⵽ڷ⡣ΪԱֿ֯ҲԷ֮١޳͢ԱҲǱȻĽҵܹЧ֯ڣֻٲҪʧ
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ҶǳһֻǷߺԼΪȻ޷ֹһУǾֻʼٸ߳Ӧеĳͷ
ҶĿ⾼Ͻɽķ

һɽׯڽϵĵλĿõġ
죬ͬϽɽһɽ壬һɽׯ
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һȥƺϡͷ԰ףòͣͭ壬ֻǿ֮侫ֱðһçĸо
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ҶһЦ֪˧췲ʥϣΪսСʶһ򶼱˳ΪӡƺսΪӡ˧췲һƺնԷˣȻΪ˼ŭԼ
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ҵϯģҶЦʵ
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ЦУϯһӰԽڶҵȵͷѪĵͿʲô裬ŵɽׯкƣһԵѣ׳ɫΣ


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˵Ļ˵ȴš
෴ʱվڳʯ㣬һȻĸо
˵Ŀۼϣս΢΢һЦʵʯ󵱼ǺιʣգѵҪΪ˿ֵʱ𣿡
ʯЦһս˵ĺáʯĳȷ̫ϲڴ֮ϳΪֵС󣬵սһ֮ʹӢ۳ϷӣڽϹ֣ҲǴĲװɡ
սһЦ߽׷Ĳ֣ĩѧ󱲵ΪӢ˺ΪʤߵĽѵǽҪ𣿡
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ԭĸԴڷǸⶨ׿Ƴֲʱ仯ĶԲߣҲǸս·

սͻȻһЦЦóӢ۵ɫǳ
׿δȴˡֻҽսĳɵ𣬵ǽս֮ң׿ֻҪмΰɡ

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ʯ㾪ŭһͬհĴۣһͷĿѣ
ֻһɲǣǺ֮ɫ֣һתѾʯʺ
ʯ㵶֮߱󣬴ʱѲٱ䣬ܵĵ֮ʱҪУȴѾ˰ġ
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ϲãǿ־塣µĿ־塣


079 Ե
˧췲ͻȻֲʯһսҲüͷһ塣
ڡ֮нʱκθսսģСΪⱳǣħڶֵĴơ
ս֪˧췲ңҲ֪˧췲Ǹ軵˵ĺӣǵңҲֻΪԼˬȻ鱳ԭ
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ҶȻؽԲ䵶ڼϣааһЦϾǸۡɵĴϲӣѪֻ²
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ҶƲƲ죬šԴҴŷЩűȽϺáˣͶþη²޹˼ɡϲͬ
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޹˼ɵĵڴսľ飬Ȼ˧췲ļȷŭս
սŶԷŭһĻ
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ҶվԲ䵶°ҪϣٸһλᣬΣ
ʱͻȻһԵıڤ޵вԵأһһ롣ʯս˼ңȷʵܾô߳ȥô죬ʲô˶Ե˼ҺһԵ߳ȥ˧ϵܽ鲻㣬ʯǽˣҲñѣ
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֪ԼǶ֣ǻͷսһۡ
սüָףŷ̧ͷҲ͵ľٶʧЦʦʲôʱҵôˣǰǶֱ𣿡
㲻ӦսҶЦĿɨսһõ֣ЦǵĹֻͣ󵶿һҲҵĶ֡
Զʱŭյľ޵ŭҶ
ս˴ָףȻ㻹ô
Ҷ֪սԽƽԽԽŭʱ
ҶЦһְɡˣ㣬ˣ٣ǰѵңƽɣ
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սֱ˧췲
ɾʱһáĵϣƿһ󶴣һ·Ӱֱϯϵġ쵶


080 ȸ
ս֣ûá쵶
ΪˣǱʤ֮䡣
ڰյʱսУϷѷвһߵḶֱ́ա
սԴֱ
ĮֱԲ
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ʫС
һֱһԲһһһաһᣬһһࡣ
ս书ۺĦƺеĵ˧̾Ľڤӵڹ
ͨԼ򣬽ˡศ֮У˹ȭǧƥС
ˣֻУȴ̺޾ı仯ֻƥ
ʽһǷֱС
˧췲ǲֵһеġ
Ϊ˧췲һǴȴĿǳ֮ı󶯣ֻ˳Ӧսȴı
˳ӦģעǸӣҪƽģۡ
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սǸۣӡ
գͻȻǰӡ
ԣһ֣Ҫơ˧췲ء
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ҶҪѵҲԲѵڷǸУˣ˲һŰá
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ĳ֣ȻҶġն
飡
ǿ֮УҶ쮺ȶΣϷбһʢС
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µ۾ұ
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Ӱиֶ׷ս󣬳Źµ۾Ӷݵķ׷ȥ
ҶԷ͵ϮϷ棬ֻǷһͽնˣתӶݵϷ棬Ҷһ׷ɱһתͬŹµ۾ķ׷ȥ
񵶲Ǹ֣֮ħ֣֮ս
TMDͷۣ


081 ǿȡ
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һ죬ɽׯɽĳʱˮĽӿĳˮϰߣԸոֺõĻȫ١

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ֵɲǣ˾ڲҰ׵¹ʧΧʮڵתһɹе棬ⷶΧڼټײ
µ۾շΣʱڷ籩ģ̿ɣһеѹἯϣڡ
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֣ڶ̱ӡ
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쵶һߴһ߱仯޷Բ䷽⣬ศˣʹ޴ӶӦ֮
µ۾һУȻľɼλη壿
ٿȻһԭҲһУ˲࣬ڿвϸıǶȣɼ߾˻һն쵶ĵ֮ϡ
䣡
ޱ޼ʵȻɽ鱩㣬쵶ϴȥµ۾ֱӺɣ
âֱҹգҫʤµĹâ
µ۾һѪֱɶݣͷҲصһ·ߡ
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֮£һɫХգºɲǼײһ
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ǵĺԲʮ֮ڣƬֶʱΪѩء
·δ˪һ˪ǡɼһʮɣŭĿӡ
·δ˪Уš쵶ĵʣɼǡ쵶ĵ
ղŶ˿ƽɫһУȴȻ·δ˪ѷһ
ûеʣ쵶Ȼ񵶣û˱Ҫǵк壿
·δ˪ͺȡ
ɼƸ·δ˪Ϊ˷Ǹ󣬻׿󣿡
·δ˪ЦΪ𣿻ΪһŮ˸ʵǰ䣿쵶˪񽣣նϣ·δ˪Żʸ⽭ϻȥ𣿡


082 ˽
ɼĿ·δ˪㻹ִң书˴˵ȵز£Щ֧ų棬Ǹ벻̨ˡ

·δ˪һЦȵǣϻ̫ˡѵζǻҵĸԴûԴҶкôͷ΢΢һ࣬Ц˵ĶԲأҶСѣ
ǬαװġҶḧ棬ǸϾǰ׵ɣʱԲΪնϡ쵶Ҳãȡ쵶Ҳաѵʱ˿̾ͲӦڽ֮ϡ·ִǰ֣ЩΣ
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˭һ·δ˪һ˪񽣣ģǬ֮һ𣬶ɼȴǼ׶Ĥ̲סһ˦ͷ
ͬһʱ䣬Ǭ·δ˪ѱն˹
ɼվḧ쵶ĵ棬˲ųĹâȵõ
ﬣ
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ֻһ֣Ǭ·βɣҲɼ
ۼǡ쵶ƿնǰʮɿռ䣬ֱͬʱ˾뵶֮ڡ
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Ǭһ侲еطɼһҲͬʱˡֻ˶ĿһɱԴޡ벻ˡĿ·δ˪һǾϧɼãȡ·δ˪Ĺߡ
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ô
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ܣأҡͷЦ¾ǰǵֻܾۼ嶼ܷɢĽƵеľΣǶħ׺һ


083 С
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ѧɴЦݣŷȫ֪ԼϷˣһ㣬Цòˣ΢΢һ񣬵ȻȻѾԸˣִС
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ֻ˶ûѧת֮ʱ۵һâ˵䡢ˡ


084 ˿
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ɽ֮һСС䣬ǡλڿɽ룬˴Ƕ͵ұ֮⣬Сɽľԣ纣Ŀ
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ոļڣһĽոѣųĹ뱻صߡ
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Щ뽫ڴĹϱɹɡ
պͽѿǣģСס
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ÿ쵽˳ʱԼҵӶλεشӴš󡱡ȵؽռΣ¸µЦκҪ
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ʱҽӴÿһʼ
αϸرÿһĲҽУֲԾشӣ˵֡Ӧôڵ硭

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徰Ȼ£߬ŵĲǵݣһ˿


085 ޽
ҶҹմӽȻõһϢԭҪڶһ磬õĵڶϢȴĬˡ
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086 
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088 
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089 
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093 
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˵ɽȣﻨ㣬Զһɽ࣬Ҷƻ
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òʮƳ룬ٱΰԳ˫խ˾÷ᣬƤ԰͸ִӹ͸аζֱһ˵Ĺ
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ޣǸڤϹӡƵͻȻչһЦһ֣Ȼء

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094 ֲ
ѿʳɡȴֻͬʳίʵ㲻ѡ
Ƶԣġ̽κ֮תΪĻ˵̥һı仯
ĹһħʬѪ
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ħ߹һ̹Ĳѡ
ԭѾͣͲǰĹʱһ󲽣Ȼɹڣֱﵽ˹龳ڵľ硣
ĸòҲӼᶨѰҡħʬ
ƵУһ;ϣ󣬾Ȼԥһ龳£ɣֻ
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ˣƵȫüȫ۵ػһ⡣αص
΢΢һЦŪһֻ˸磬СӵβͲġˣʴӱҪϤĵ̡
ǡαĿһͷӦ

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095 ©
ѧһЦ˲еЦݣǸȻȴˡ˵СԷһŮʤ·˼ˣ˼ύһгڲ࣬ʶһ·ҲҿڣֻĿͼԶȥж˻ȴץ˸ţ̫ˡ
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ѧ֪͵ëֻҪƲϵȻɱһ
Ȼ
ԷǸ֪֮ܵͽƽɫݣŭͬʱȴɱȥ
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ӻɫ԰ףŭ๫ǷϻϽųһɱȥ
ͽľʦ̫ɫޱϲݵ֣ҪνϽߣסǡ
ոյͻȻϮʦ̫Ϊ˾ˡİƣ书ֻͣһӡʵǵ³
ƽŭƽ̰֮ͬضԣҪһҪһ

Ц
ʤİɣ֣һ뿪
ηһȣȻУƽԹԾͶ˵ɻŮһ
Ҳӵһʤһ仰ٴǵ˿Ц


096 Χɱ
ƽ̫ˡ
嶼̶ѨȴƹİţԸǡ
ԼϧϧӺͺ
ƽеöˣߵȺͶΣ
ߣտһһеöˣƽħŻŮʵ㲻ҷϰɣħŹ˵ʲôʿޣ˵ҵְ࣬ʲô
㡭ƽΪ˷ʱ˵ϻ
ʤԹһЦĿƳ飬Ц˻٣Ϊ׵ʿķϣֻҪɱħŮҿɴΪǸ飬㲻вҷͶĻᣡ

ȺЦ֮⡣
Ϊ˭֪ƽΪˣԲŮΪ˸Ů
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ŮҸħ֣֮Ѫδñպƴˡ
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ʲôƨ׵λɷݣ
ɱɱħˡ

֮ܺһƬνȺ鱯ߣһ˿ء
ηǸõ㶼ǰ׵ɵĸӹ˶ӣЩ³֮֮ˣڳԣ׺ݶʮ˷׷װαС赶һӵϣƽһҵʬ
ƽɫ԰ףȴǱﲻˡûкˣƾʲôԩħŵĳΪʲô㵽ͷϡ
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΢΢ʼ磬Ц뿴һѾͬĹߣΣҵĻػҲܼˡ
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бݣ֪޼İţ͵һһžʦ̫ߣ
ۡ
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ⷶΧ֮ڣ类һ㣬̲ǿǽҲͬ޷һ֮£סƽĽơ
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097 ˹ȥ
ֿڴֱ֮Χɱض
һӰ͵شһѽסȴ롣
ҹЩʱҪԵɫǣһϲֻ㣬û뵽˸ոջת޴ıʡ
һеǰҪ˹벢δѪͷԣȻ֪Լİµʱ
ļֻ÷ǰһԺ󣬽ŽԵϣһеⱼӡ
Ӱ׷ףѾдβ׷
˼ȻҹΧɱƽǲõĸսҪƽˡ
ȥǲǵģʱֻƹܾƽ


ġơողХһʤġʤìƽļͷһѪηȸƽֻܻܲȫں󱳣ȻУӲ˶Էһػ
ۣ
ƽϢתһѪڵƻ⣬ֱ桰տա

һҽУտվ̷ȥۻѪҺպ϶ѪӿеһзɱУҲ֮⿪
ƽηһеİ˳ɱʣµɣˣ١

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ƽΪܹȡŮʱ䣬ϵԽԽá
غȻۣƽĽֺɭϣȻĴΧȫֵ֮£ȻܣһʱȻΪ֮κΡ
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ǰԼ׽Ȼᣬ룬òײҵ˼ҵů벻Լǰ׵ļˣҪ֮
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ף
쿴ȥͻȻһȣʦ̫˲仯Ϊһɫ棬ȶȾǱ֮ԼضãӰԵʮ㣬˲㽫ϯ˽ȥ
ԭȻס˾ʦ̫ȫѨȴû뵽ԷáޱöޱЩ۵ܾƣ˲䱻ʦ̫⿪ͻ䱬壬ͷž޴
⧲æ֮壬黯ĳȻ˸ͷöӲ͸


098 ƺ
쵰
ƽУ졣
ʤ֣ǰԮ
񱩵ٴڰըѡ
Ȼ䣬ƽȱȫƲް㱻档
ʤһìηһȣտյһϤӡֻηһѪ
Ĵ֮ǰѺľ
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ļΪ˷ܶĿϲȴѾͷš
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ɾʤɲǣαϵĿϲٿȻ̣
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ƾϽɽϷƱá
ʱ嶼⣬ɳƻ
嶼Ͻ⣬һȺӹˮںϵһƬ̲߷ɣԽһɽɹɽһűͶԶɽˮ֮«έС
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ǬױɵҶ񶷣ĽԼӵĻһʱһֻӥ˶ϾɵĴ֮ϡ
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̲ס˸ۣôõ֣Ϸһߣ·ǵðԼ
ıԹ̧ͷˮϣɽµֵСһ߰ɡ


109 ˳
ɽС᫡
һ֮£һͱ֮£ֻһʯףͱ졣
ͷȥ̲ס̾Ϣ벻嶼Ȼׯ԰ƽ֮һ󣬾嶼
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ͻȻһ֣תͷǰߵʵСӣûʲôҪôĶΪʲôҪһ죬£ﵽʲôĿģ
תơԾӷȣԡ
˲һ
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зҵ˼롣岹
ϾɵԣֺγǵҾ裿
ô˵ûʲô˼룬ǵʲôͨźʵ
һЦͣ塭ôˣ
ȷŽңҡȴʵ顢ѵңȳֽ䣬Žϸ񡣾ͺñȸһͯ壬һģߣɡ𡯵ӡǧˣӦǧ˵ĸԣҪɵõɮһģΥԡԣһģͼҡ
飬ȴʧ֮Լڷŵ󽲾ġԾӷȡڡԡ֮ǰֻأתƣһɣˣӦԼλãλ׼ȷϲũ񣬱㾫ũϲ㾫нϲѧ㾫Ȳɧˣֿɵڣɾ塣ҹڷݣֹģ´ͣϢ´ң޷ҷ
αڸ֮顣ҵľҪ㣺ò˹Զӣɫ˹ӣ˹Զӡ仰α
ͨ
ʣ仰кαҲʥˣ˵仰˼˱ׯءԶֱǾӵУȰƵ
α֮ɡƲЦλ˵һҪʱ̱ׯòôһͿԱԼֱľٶڶҪʹԼɫʱ̱һһԼţͽӽڳţҪʹԼԴʱֽ̱СģһͿԱҰͱ顣ģǾˣ˵ˣ޻˵ʵϣӹмȫﵽ
ҾһŹѧˣҪҪΪӣﲻӵҪôأܼ򵥣װ
һáҡׯءĶţǾװһģԵõ˵ϿɡΪ١ΪΪΪֻҪݼãװùһнԿɻãô⡣䣬һαȴǱؿʶ壬ĺļֵ
ͨͽĿ࣬۵ǵһ˵
ûʲôĻĶϾɴͷ˵еǷɱα̫ࡣ۲Ϊβأ
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˵ˣǲЩαУαҸα˼թҸթȰϰƭԼǮʱٸ߶Է࣬һӴˣǣƭǵģ˭ɵƵģã
ϰյķŭӶ˼޴ΪӶ
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˵ˣ˾һȺ̵ķ࣬ΪŭʹƫֶȥΪǶԵ飬ֶΣƫƫִеʱ侲ΪìܵôһȺˡ
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¥ͱڱԵһʯźʮɾ룬Ӷɽ壬һʯǰ
ˡ


110 һ
˾ͽֵɲǣʱľ塣
α뽣ת˾ͽ壬ŭȵҲҲһţΪ㣬
˾ͽ֣αƴȫȳ֡
һһسҶȻƾճʧ
о񴵣Ҷ볾
ɳʯͬĽƵ֮սؼ侹ĺ
пŭţգŷֻʣ˾ͽһ˶档
˾ͽһЦǰƣǰ
ÿһ̤£̤˵Ŀһ㣬ŭ硢Ҷһ̤ǰУ׷ء
ۣۣۣ
ǰȴ̤˶ʮɡ
̤ʱԭյĿٿȻڵڵ档
һɳ֮ʱαѿһŴ¶˳˿˾ͽ࣬߾롣
Ȼ˾ͽѹԼ߾˵ʵ̫ˡ˾ռµһĴ̿ͣϳ˾ͽĵУ㹻İȡʤ
ԣν
Х幵شܴʱϸţңɼʱ쳹ռ䣬˶ģʤȸոձѹȥĿ硣
һʱؼ̶ֻ
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˾ͽ籩ģ̿ɣһеѹἯϣڡ
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ʱαĽѵ˾ͽľࡣ
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˲䣬ʱỵ̂
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ôදʱȻ˶־Ľ棬Ȼδǰն硭
ÿ죡
αֻüӦ˾ͽѾʼε
翪ٵصһ
һ޼᲻ݵǿŵʵɲǣǵصն˹

αУ֣ڶ̱ӡ
ֻ˾ͽµĺڵգϸ΢ĶխСĿռڣʣնлһȻĻߣתǶȣȻӭԼ䡣
αһο˾ͽµġһϰεʽڵһնصһ֮Уǿߣǵ仯޷
Բ䷽⣬ศˣʹȫ޷Ӧ֮
Ƽ򵥵һȴΪÿһαӦ֮ΪУǵ澹Իǣ޿ƥеӡ
Σ֮ʱαٿȻ˫ۣȻȥǿٵصһУʶֺʣǰͬʱˣ
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αִټӦԾȻס˶ֵһ˾ͽĵƳɲǵͣ٣
飡
αȴ˫ĿŭУһ͵رһžâڿвϸıǶȣӦ˾ͽѵϵһ
α߾˻һ˺ڵĵ֮ϡ
ˣ
񱩵ɢ
αֻúڵϴһޱ޼ʵȻɽ㱩˲佫Ʒ˳ȥ
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αײһþ޴֮ϣֹסȥƣϡ
Ѿȥʮ⣬Ѫŭ˾ͽ°Ӱ

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еĽʣŵǶ̶̵һ⣬ѳ׷飬Ųнص֣Ҳǲͣڱѡ
ֱҶڵס˵ߣʱαһɣ͵ðһ亹ǲܿƵز
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񱩵ƾ춯أеսʱ׷ϵĸ·ֹס˽ŲҶսЩвʵָ֣׷У׷ȥ
ڵıڤ޵С޳α룬˾ͽɱȴһҶ³ΪԷɱĶ
涼ĸ֣˾ͽĵʵ̫ˣ˾Ȼߵ뷨
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ǱȨʧ˫ֹۣͣѧϵ׷ǿȫʵ˵벽񻰣񻰾Ҳָտɴ


111 
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ȻϲԼά˵ҪħȫȥϵԼ뷨ҪȫҪֶΣǽħŴ޷ֻһζرܣϲߡ
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⡭໹дȶݲɼƬ̣˵
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Ը
ףΪԷһԼǱԷˡ
νˣֻ±໪۾ɡ

ۣ
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112 ս
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һ㶣ոȸ˵ȥҵ۾ôû

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113 ໪۾
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α˷ɵͬʱϵһʩչһһصĽȻڿУռþòȥ
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116 ɻʵ
ոհԴ޵͵ϮǬҪз·׷벻໪۾Դ޶û׷Լȴһͷײ˱ҸֵȦ
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նԴϰգԴ޵һǩǰ˿ǰǹ֣һЦħžȻ˹󷨣е˼

Ӱأ໪۾һǰһʥŵġ󡿣ⲻܣ


118 ʮ
󡿣˼𣿡Դޱżʵ
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δ̤ʱһͣ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
˸񣡷ԴޱһҲ˴кٿȻµ֮УžߵѸͳ
̼䣬ոջ֮أƬر㲻ͣز´ҵĲɱ֮֫ϱ֮ͣ׷ɵ档


119 Ѫȴ
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໪۾һֻ࣬ǾŸͭɵġ󡱣棬вͣڵת֣ڵͷɽҽһĵ棻ǩľìɭ֣ѩ⺮̹ǵĵѷ죻Ѫɳʬ޳
ʮ˵˼䡣
ֻǿһۣ˵սľ
ʱԴƿ棬ҵƵȻʣһѪܵͷһȻʮȻףϧֲǹ龳ɱ֮󣡡
໪۾Ŀһϵʮ֮һ΢΢һЦȷԴ˵ʥŴеĸԽԽܷ󷨵ʮΪۣס֣ȴסϵĸ֡λ̷ֻ΢͹ĵطƽԿ֮²˳٣뼸λ֣໪˴ɡ
ãɱ
໪۾һ䣬Դ޺ɼΪףɽϣ֮ͽλڵľԸ֣ɹСӣɱħšʮ󡿡
໪۾ڶ࣬ϡ٣ʶγɼԴ޺ɽΪĵ˰˷ɱֺͭͱ֮С
һʱѪ죬ϡ
ɼڵִֻһȥһһգ˲ɵԲ֮ڣ꣬һ죬һʱ˽ڣҽжûü㻯Ϊһ࡭
ɼŭһбΪһâ͵ز뵽֮У֮У˲飬ƻһء
Ȼûɼ㱩书׷̤ǰ֮ʱֻҪܵ´һ𶯣ԾУԱ¡
ɾڿյ˲䣬ˡ
һ졣
͵ڿ΢С֣ͬķݣڿһ
ĸ֣ʱնУһʱѪɡ
ɶ񣡡
ɼУֻһ˦㽫ƵڿУҷɵײ䡣
֣õķ׷׶ñӲġ
ײУҷʧ˵ĴۣƵִķֹơȻħŲֶֻΣ죬һƬڿյУӰִӵ·ɳֱɱıʿ
Աҵĸֺη壬ǰȻֱǸ˽ʵҲõơ
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Ϊһġʮ硿Ҳ٣ԼΪЧʺͲпɱ¾ֶΣ¾űҵĸ֡
Ȼ֪ɱ۵ĺı󣬵֮ڲѰֻܲͣȵ
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ŭ׷ɱ˵ġӥһʵ֮µĸ͵ϮȻ䱻°գ֮УȻõزڵ棬ֹ䣬˫һƬѪ֮УͬΪࡣ
͵Ϯϲд̣ͷ·͵ıһ㣬ƾڴˣ㹷

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ʦ
ѪҲ̶á
ɼһץסĺ󾱣ȥȵˣ
иַ𣬽ס˫ȵİ뵱ȻģλṦ׵ġӥԴԺ͸ĳˡ
ɱ
ɼ˫Ŀ࣬ŭɱԵħ֮С

ԴӺɱһ̣ڷǸҶЩסˡ
Զ·ѾԿԼħŲµĲ󷨡
ϳѾħŽˡ޼ս΢ʥʤ
޼ܵӦɱΧ໪۾֣ħɱ
ħŲ¡ʮ硿󣬸翹
໪۾Уɱң󡭡

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˰޼ɺ˾ռ˲δ
׿ٴ֮С
ǰһϳԲӲпѾ׼𹥻
ǻҪȥ𣿡ʵľǲʤֻüƵֻ֮˵Ѿˣȥ໪۾ƲħŴֻƵоͻħطѹƣʱҲزסˣɾǰˡ
ɴʱ֣᲻ʧ̫󣿡ηѹʵ
˲һü
һεĳҪһ㣬ɱƵУҪһ㣬Сˣγ֮Σǽ
Ƶμƻʧܡ
ҪƵӲҲз
ʱַһӰȴǸѶӢֻؼ˾ͽˣα롢޳Լڤ޵н֣޳αӶݣڤ޵в֪١

ϢδرΣʱɽд˿
֮µһ֣һ˶սȡʤȻɱһһһϢ̫ˡ
Ϊ˾ͽֵĵطһɽ𣬹ʶнսǸ˲ûеһʱ֪
˼Ϊ𺳵ͬʱˣ
һ죬𶯿ռ䣬ֻһְ𣬵Ǹͽڳˡ֮ãеӳ֣
˲ûͷ֪˵˾ͽ岻Ķ硣
̫һֱɷΪжд̣֮죬ܹǸһԭ򣬱Ƕ̫Ҫǰˡ
׿˾ͽ֣ɳŵʱˣٴɫֱӱ׿̬
ţ
׿ĵȻŭֲȺǰʳԣԥ䣬Ҷ˹ѹߵ²˳٣Щ֪ߵغļһˮ
׿۾һ˵úá˾ͽҫƵ˸⡣λɱħŴ󣡡

һХһȳȥ˾ͽ껺˾ͽ׿ָͬ׷ȥ
׿ȶһۣ֣ڵΧ˹ȥ


120 ʯ
ʯڣʯţʯơ
ǰͨͶϾǰķ羰̾Ϊֹ
ͨͣ˺һᣬ͸˵ƵĽƣǳϡκյǧʯף̧ͷһŻƱس̩ɽѹ֮Сǵ֮಻֪˴ơǡǰ͵Ľ˼ʹͶء
벻ͨľ飬ȴ˴кЦ
һʿһϺպĲү˵֮ľǲĽ⡣
ĵֶΰˡϾĦһ±ĸ¶̲סЦ˳ÿ
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벻ʯŵķأȻƵ޷졣ȥΪʵû˿벻Ȼһʯͷܳܣֱӱ㷭ȥ
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ߣ忴
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ͨüͷһ壬˿ʱˡֻǵҪץʱˣʱԡ𡯡ʱ㲻ǡ׻׻ȸǡ׻ȸΟߡˡףûΟߣǡ
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ͨż㣬ڡ׻ʯשһġ׻ڴʱ·ͻȻһ΢Ļ죬ɫ䡣
죬ȸ
һϺȣмŵĺͨž˦һֻЬӣתˡȸʯש֮ϣֻЬ򷭹ʯ壬¡
תʯ·磬һɰǣ˿֮䣬˱סֻҲ
ͨʵȴѰеʯשۼ԰һɾ룬̲סһҧֱԾ
Ҫ
һȴһںͨ¸ոڿյ˲䣬ϵʯ壬ˢˢطת˾ʮȣ¶·նƾԨ񱩵Х˲佫ͨס
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ˣ
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Ͼ󣬼״ͬסͨĶ֮С
ҪͬʩΪ䲻ȵСİ
ʱ顭
Хϵģġ׶Ļһͨ
һѿսʣںͨǰһƬרƻġ׶ʱ֮һգ۹򣬱㱻նǧö
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ϴܲסѵ졣
޲˳ȥѣֻ֪ɱоʱͻȻͷһ
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콣ѿա
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ٿ䣬Ͼ˿մ͵һˤڵأͨѿ˵ϡ
ֻ֮ڵ˪ɫ࣬ӲǱ޷С


121 ȫ
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Ÿͭͬһʱ죬ոճ֮ڵıʱ濾ŵﶼȼգߣֱӻΪҽ濾
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ȻХִ߷ʱõأ棬ǿȵ¶ȶ޷
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ҲֻǾԼһζѣָĻδٴӶݣۡ
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ЦŸ߸߾ŻգߺȵħףƣȻͶ
÷Զǻһʱδ߬ؿڵĹռ⣬ͬǩƣȥ
ɱ
ӵɱͭʧȥĺģʱƣħǽɢӣȴû˱˺֮С

ͬĳҲԴڵĴз
ħŵġʮ硿ת˲֮㱻һ棬׿İ׵Ҳһ෢𹥻Ѿ˳һĴľ󡭡
Ϊĵģ׷쵶ָ֣ҲֳΣ뵽֮С
ȡ쵶ƺɱƵУҲɵõҫ
º̫׽ڵĸ֣Ҳһ֣ԥؼ뵽֮С
ƺһжõķչ
໪۾׿󣬶Щڳֵ̫磬̲סҪ͵͵ȴķһ
ʱһɭ֮·ԲʮķΧ
䣬ɫۣؼԲ˼ٶڵһ۶ȥ
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Ⱥд쾪֮Ⱥ۴ʧɫ
ӷ𣡡һȵλʩƶɮʱħۼ깦ʱͿ̿ƶɮԸ´Ըλʩ˽ԹĹΪ²һս
ƶ̫׽ڳӣԸʦһս
λ׵һʱһƬ֮
ׯԸһս
ʯ㣬Ըʦһս
Ըλһս

׿ɫ䣬һҧתͷʾˡ
һ˲䣬ĺ𡪡
졪
ստա
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ĲǱˣȺеҶ
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Ⱥ۵ʱܣ
䣡
ʱһ໪۾һ챬Ƶ졣
ɼȻˣϵƤ۾Ȼһճͬʱѿһ޴ķ϶ҺУԴ޷ϵرŲͬĲѡ
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۹ⲻ֮ˣһϳͷǱҲ֡˫ͷߡպɼͽ޵ͷ
㣡
Ȼһȴ׿߲ԶĳԾ
һźͿ־ı飬Ȼ߲ơ
ԷȻܹͬʱɼԴޣѵ񻰾ֲɣ
ڶֵϣȺеҶȴҲǾﲻѣΪ벻ﾹȻݻ̵Ľ벽񻰾Ĵ
ɼ͵һ˦ӣ¶һװŶԷĦ죿㾹ȻͶƵУ
ԭݻ̽ıǽĦ졣
ЦѾãԴӽͽԶϸкıҪ˵ǲ໪ʥҰݻ̵ͽԾ
һʵ˳Ծа̸ݡ
Ծʱջؾ̬Ħ죬ԭܵавһӵòһΣӳ졣
ɼЦһҲҪ˵ȴ󻰣ĦҲģɼģߺߺߣŴڻ͵ϮҲǣĦ죬ҰĵΪֹˡ
ԴҲһ͵ϮҵĿɻλ
д΢ʥЦǺЦõ䶼ѹʥţǳ֮Σʱ˿ȻֽˣǺЦǺǺǡ
ĦҲǴЦȷȤҪ˼¡֮Уλʵɣ
˵һͷΪҽȴʧȻػش


122 ػ
ţԶһʯǽبǰһ¶ͨС
¶ڵطȻбһſ̨ףԼʮ֮࣬ͷһƽ̹Ĳƺֲϰء
һʯ·ƺŰأһʯɵʯ㳡ֱլĴšκˣҲʶ֪ǹűʽסլ
˿ͨϾɱźͨһ·йլǰ㳡ʱ򣬺ͨѾָ߰˷֣һԾء
Ϊһַֿĺڡ
ʱվڹ㳡֮ϣΪʱĴլţѾ򿪡
һݵİ׷ˣ滺˳
ŵ壬磬Цݵ׷ͯյɳӭѣֻ˶֪ƴߣȴһַֽĴ֮ͽ
˵ֻƾƣͨ˾Ѿ֪Էˡ
λɽˮڴ˹ˡ
һףȴúͨס
ʱ
ѵԼһ˵٣Է֪
ͬһ˲䣬˫۾뿴һԵ
⣬ͷ΢΢Ц֪һ
Ȼҽ̳ģô²͸Ȼúܡ
һһۣȻΪ˸ħϳ˵ס·򣬲ƵС໪۾׿ôڣ˶ˣħ׬ġ
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νЦ֪㿴ҵ뷨Ҳ˳˼·׼ʱ˿ֻ̣סҵĶӡ
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㡭ô֪ġɫ΢䣬ŵؿԼͽܡ
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˺̸ʱѾоã֪Ļأ۹׼Ӷݡ
ʱһͬʱһԾˣͨͽ嶼Ƕ˵Ϲ㳡ʯĶˣΨϾȥƲ㳡֮⣡
䣡
㳡ͻȻһ׹أָء
뱻̳ϯʧȥټ
ɶ񣡡еɫ˵ʯֵʱѾ֪СӹȻԼеǧѳĽܳӣȻҵءصıڡ
ֻϧ˲࣬ҾпϵλãҲⲻ˱ˡ
Ȼ
һ㳡ĻҺŨ̱ɨһա
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ʱʯ̨㳡ѲڣΨһʯܱҲǡءڣʶ˶һ
Ѿûȥ类ը÷飬ʬ޴档
ڱԵ䴦ϾɲƵڵϣۺȱըɣֱۺҲŤֻʣµһֻۣ˲ʵıߣ΢΢һϢڵѪ
϶ϣ
ͨͽǰơ
ֻһĲ״̲סһ
ĸ֣ˣˣҲǼȬ
Ͼɸˡ
ܻҲǸзϡ
ϧϾɴûͨͽǰϤǸСӣΪ˴ﵽԼĿĿκˣֻҪ㻹üֵ;Բݺ
ȻҪΪ˽ף˵ĵص;Բթ
´ʱʬ޴棬һţСӶȻ취
˴Цһգħ١
ͨӭϣ϶
䣡
һ죬ͨԷһѹ£ŵŵվȣһƨ˵ϡ
Ҫ˹ˣȴϾɺֹңɱ


123 ħ
꣡
ŷռ𣬸ոջڶϾĽ壬ճһѵǰ
˷ã뷢ŵٿȻͬһʱ̣͵һƣ࣡
Ӵſգ˲ͽ嵯˳ȥ
䣬䣡
ײլ֮Уײݶáǽڡ硢齣ײƺǽȻһ԰еļɽ
ЦѿսԾٳһҲˡ
ƥ
ͨǴѪһϡ
顭
һʮǶƴͨδƿԷһаʽ˫һǯȴзһס˺ͨ˫֣ӣ˫֣ôƷ
Ҫ˾Ϻͨ˫֮ʱͨһԭһ˫͵زһɵ֮һ㽫˵ڵأ˿˼Է˫۵в
ͬһʱ䣬ƿնбһ㽣ҪһѿսͻȻҷֿ¶м侧ɫľˣɫӯڣ͵һâ
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ԵǷ˵ʵ֮ƴ֮ģʶһ־ಫʽǻ㾡ˣûӦ˵Ĵ򷨡
һںͨСѪˣûжֺ
ݣ
ۼϮ壬˫ۼ䲻кâһһ
һֻŻǿ׳ֱӲص

ͨͽͬʱһֱֻۡ
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ͬһʱ̣ͨǰһƣٿȻķ˳ȥ
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Ϊʱ˵𽥷Ŵԭ𽥱ǿĽ棬һߵͣȻóס
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ѪħĻ壬Ǻڵ硣
ɱ֮󣬲󱳳ֻǿ׳쳣ֱۣ£Ҳֱۡ
ǰֱۣ
ͲĹֱǵħ

˵ĿѲɱͷòƬǺȧǶǰͻĿݣΡ
һЦ˵ͳɤ˻ִħʬʮ꣬סħ۹񹦡ȷҵĶ֣ΪѪ
⡭
ͨ־ӣͬʱ뵽Ǹħʬձǰˡ
ˣħͲħѪ𣿡ͨȵ
ɣ˿ЦħʬѪѹʧȥǵĹֻϧ̫磬ٸЩʱգұ񻰾ݿƱݺ֢ðȻĺֻǵѪˣ
ˣ
ԭһԾȻ˶ǰͨͽ彣ϣ˫һ죬һֻץס˺ͨƣһֻ߬ס˽ı͵˵ĹٿȻ֮ͬʱ˫͵һƣ

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ͺͨĽֱ˵󱬳޿ӣȴǿƥһƣӲ˳ȥ
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ʱһصĶϱڲԫ
ۣ
ͣĺͨͽ壬ͬʱһѪ
Ѿǳǿıˡ
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ʵҲⲻʧȥս
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ȻһۼѾԼ֣͵һתһѪеĶϾɣѪ̫ˡ

ȻȥֱץܶĶϾɡ
ҽ˺ѣ
ϢոأۼҪ˶Ͼɸǰ͵شһƥĵƿ棬նˡ
ͬʱһء
ˣһ죬ɱɱɱɱɱɱɱ
һŭɱ֣Ҳһµߵ
µġԵˣµ
Եµİ˵һ֮ԵףֻǼƣ޷ֿƫƫԸգ˼䣬ȫûаԵǹɾİȻҲ޷Ե
Եɺ֮£аɱ뵶˵а죬ɱȻγԼĶط
һɱ纮죬а˲ʹ˾Ȼ޷ϣԷһߵ߲
۵ϵ֮һն䣬˱˫ۺʮһѽ֮סм˫ơһֱӺ˳ȥ
غͬۡһѪ˳½°ڣĽƬڵϡ
ĻأЦһͽΪʦ˵ֻƾЩС߽ɥ
ǿڴѪһĨЦʦȴǲصúʵۺȴ޵ɫƵһߵֻͣصԣֻѵ֮ۡ
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ӰͨԣüƵض˵Сӡ
ͨСӣҵȵɺˣ
һѿս˵Ժ㣬ڣһ϶˵
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ȣһͬħһˡ


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ͤľ޴ľ׮·ɵĸֱҵ
һɽ֣ȴ壬ħŵľ̴󡣹һĸ֣Ҫħİ׵֣Ҳ쵶ĺڵͽ
ΪȱԵĸִ󣬹ʶǲء
䣡
һľ䣬İ׵ֵʱ˸ǣ
·ΪⱻľУæɢ

һҽУȴģĺһ̤գ벼׶֮Уʱ׶̴壬
ѽҡ
УֱͻȻסСȣ͵ľС
ҪǰԮȴһҽУľԵĸֱס֫˺ѣѪõǡ
羪õĸ·ֺȻУֲۼһ
˿滷У壬š
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һУԶһͻȻӶ׹䣬ȻܼȺ
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١һƣ˹ľУʱȼ˫һۣͬȼҵĻ档
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ʯǰԮסׯȻðһĵâৡ
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ӰһԴ޳ֵԭֵĸ·֡
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ׯ֮ׯŭŲҪ˹
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ɱ֮Ȼݡ
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ɱ
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ԶֱɱʱĲҽ翴˴ҵļ֣λģһ󣡡
˵ֱһȺɳסĽҸ֣ľɳһ壬𵴣ҺУµħŸֻһȣĽݼҸ˳
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ٰ˴ҵĸ֣ΧͻȻֵħŸִɱǱɳеȥ
˫ĿԲҲʹƴļƣһȣԴУƴһɱ
ͷ͵һɳ棬˲ڿգһ㣬еĴȥ


125 ˫Ծ
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ҲҪԴ޲첻ѡ
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û㣬ĺҪ
ĬĬԣϢͬԨҹ
ƵĽһս֮¼߾󵶿ͣȻٴζȺʱΪֹ֮


126 ռϷ
ˣ纮
΢΢
⣬ֵĶԾȺɫ䡣
δѾ
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ҶɳʰƣһƬ򣬼̻Ϊ촷ۡ
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Դ޵һͬƥն䣬˷ŷ𿴵˾ͽ׷Ĳ״
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Լոһеȫ
Դȫֵɾһһǿһ˱һ˼ϵ
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˾ͽ߾ٵľһת˫ĿɱȻ
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˾ͽ뷢ţɷһ㣬԰Ե֮ն䣬һӯգԵ׵ƿռ죬صÿһռС
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Ⱥ۾
һ̣Ȼ˾ͽռ˾Ϸ磡


127 ᵶһ
Դɫ԰ףȻ֮ɫ֡
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˾ͽ壬ȻԽԼˣռϷ硣
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һ䣬ٿȻʧԭء
ǿƿ¡죬һϺȣ¡

䣡
ŷռ䱻˺ѣڶϺͬʱӰԴޣͬʱ˾ͽͷ棬һͬ
ҵƻգҫһZΣ˫ͷ֮˺ҧ˾ͽ壬й޿ɱܣ

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໪۾Ƴ裬ڵĴ񻷵һȴߵĶڼХ˶˲סԴʹ಻ѣǳߣǱѪĿ֮ͣС
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128 
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ͽܣҹȻûп㣡ͷɣͻǱʹѪƴ󷨣˵ʲôҲˣ
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ʱͺͨ˵أԮ

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ҪͻȻչֳѰսҪǶϾûԼָʾ֣֮䣬ܾ˵³
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129 
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ҪҪԿ˾ͽ嵭Ȼʵ
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໪۾õЦ˫һУǶ˫һ㣬ɻأӱ׷ͬʱ໪۾Ʒ·裬׿ݡ
׿һҿմ

˫˲ķɣͬʱһ㣬Ӳ໪۾ƴһǡ
ͬʱ
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ۼ˫񶷽֣ʿϤóأתͳ˵ĴͻħŴ󣬵֮룬Ȼħ֮Ҳﵽ˹ƽ⡣
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˵˵ôģ浶¸ᡣȻ


130 Ⱥ
սĳ֣໪۾һʵɵõ
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ħŸƣֵĴȫȫڴ빴¡΢άֵ֮ڣ˵Ĺƶʱ
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˾ͽľԮԼݷǸΣѵľٶʧȥ׿Σսһĳ֣񱩵Ĺ
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ҶһԲ䵶磬ͣţŸԡҵĵ
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ҶٿȻƣܹһţʱսӭͷһȴն˾ͽ塣


131 ǿ֧
ҶһٿȻƣ鵶նսıġ
սԸȻðɱ˾ͽ壬պ쵶ͬһչȿҶһͬʱâն˾ͽ塣
Ҷһȣնȳâϵһս˳ȥͬʱգն˾ͽĵâն飬ⲻֹ׷ս˳ȥ
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Ȼ֮ǰй֣ҶȫһȷǴԤ֮⡣
ڶԷδ׷ǻ˾ͽңȥ˱Էǿѹʧܵ³
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˵УлᣬܷŹ
Ϊ˱˾ͽ壬Ҷ޷ߣһٽɱĺûᣬսһȫɱ
ʵս˵ʱѾعǰҸżõ֣һҶ
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Сǵõֵȴ˵һνϮһǵ߸¶ظľ޴š
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Խ죬Բ䵶Ѳĸ٣Ⱥشӡħǧҵ͵ĳϡ
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ɱ㡪սŭޡ
ƫƫʱԶһţǺŴǰһǵ۾֧Ԯ
սŲһԥʱ̣졣

սݺһţȵߣ֧Ԯ۾


132 Իʯ
սһߣת˾ͽɼΪȫܺɱǵأҶȴ벻벽֮ʣ䲻󼸵Ӱֶˡ
ǣҶ˵ʱϲ
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뵱ȻӧվҲԹҶ
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ѽʱ죬Ť󲻿صͷ
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ҶǰˣǺһЦУ
ԭԷҶ뽭ʱָһԱʨߡӦ档
ʨ߹ЦƶɮնħΪѱ𣬿ο
ħмλ֣ͺ϶ϣѲ˼䣬ӦǳˣŵȳΪ˸Уħ˷ߺֺ顣
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ҶʵģȻǴµʦ̫׽ڵĳˣԼƹ
ӦһָС
Ҷ̧ͷȥһƬص룬һƬ޴ʯѣֻһȥʯѵ㲻ǧԸ¥ôߣһȦȦһ㣬ƣǰڵҰʮԶȻһص󷨡
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Ҷٶ֣΢̽ҡҡͷ޶۰ˡ˵аţ㿴·
һﻹнʱĿ϶ѾʯȫסҪתһȴҶһѳסҪߣҶ˸ҪֿȻڴʧ


133 ս
벻ħŻֶΣô̵ʱڣԻô
Ҷҿһۣòִ٣УΪ˸Ƶȡʱ䡣
ؿһҶ㻹󷨣
ԶһҶ꿿šŋ󡱶һ˰һ;ȴԲ٣ֻǺʹá
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ҶһȣֻͨǰУתΣһתһǰУתΣתǰС
أʱһɢһСĿյ֮С
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135 Ӣ
ħۡƵйһЦͷڹ꣬ʮ겻̫ɽ޽ⳤɶ
ˮ𻰣ԾѵƵǰ
ݺᣬ㡣
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ҶĵͬһͣһȻ˲䷴ʱܲסн
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Ƶüͷ壬벻ò˵СӾȻߵħ񹦵ġ̫Ԫ񹦡ҵ֮亱

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136 شħ
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ҶĿɿڴƵΪԲС
ʱƵбۣȻΪѪˮ˲佫ΧһѪ룬ȫһȭȻ볤˵һײһ
ѪɫɫڰײȻ飬һڴѪɫĢԭر
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137 𷨸ߵ

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ȻʧȥʶƵУ޷ʩչħ̲Ĺħ֮ٶȣǱʱڿʮ౶ֻһ֮αѵ໪ǰ̽һצҸְʷӵץͷǣѪ裬ӳ˫ۡ
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ٻͷʱȴǾһֻԼ˴Ϊµġʨͻ࣬ƵץסһۣͻĺݣһնֱۣתӣȴϱѪ̼ƵУһ˵ڵأſظ˺ҧ
ͻһһ߳ŲԶɼУԼʦܾԼһһ˽⣬Ҳʤȱħ˻ҧ
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ȸµĻͦصֿסϮԶҶԴ޶ˣȴٿȻ󷭷ɣӲƳȥʮ֮Զʱᴥһ֦ȴǻȻ飬ԭĲѸٿήŻΪһƷɻҡ
˸һأеһɽ֮ڣήɺԣȫ˿
Դ޾ԱҶͺһưסԴޱģ顾̫Ԫ񹦡ħע룬ǵҶήʱһա


007 սħ
ѣ
Դһڷɻң֣֣Ǹ֣ͱ˵׷ɱ˹ƨĸ֣һùģ
ϵĻҽҶЦҲǵĶֶʲôˣ
˵갺Ȼսġ
ʱĳڣһ͵ӣԲʮڣвľɻңԴ޺ҶȻΡ
֮ļսλúȸ֮أγһΣҲԷγɶƵеļл֮ơ
ƵסĶ㣬ɱֻĴã޷ѣûĬħҪƵе
òȸҶЦؿȸΪ
ȸһ˫ƲҶЦӺ˵ôöû֣ϲɺأ
Դ޴ħŶɢôãȸûνͬϲ
ߡ
ȸһЦһٿȻԱߵϷ水棬סѨĴѰ㣬㻹ʵ㣬ҪҶĺá˵̧ͷҶˣʥ֮ҲҪ֣
ҶĲܣֻҪƵʧ
ȸ٬ش˸ڣ⵹ҵĿͬ˵֡
ʱԱ߱ĶҲȵԣԶԣ֡ȸ֣Ͽҳһа
԰ꡣȸһЦ붫ֽʶ꣬ﲻ̨֪ѵĵһ£תߣҿ㻹ǡ
δ䣬䡪
һ죬ԭ֮Ȼһ۷ͻȻһֻϺħĴִ֮͵קס֮βһ˦

һץסߴߣ޷֮˵ϡ
Ӱ飬¶֮嵯ɳȥʮԶ۵һѪ
ڳ˵һ
ٴٿȻһȸæ𣬻ָצǰӻȸ֮צɻӿգһȸһƺķ˳ȥ黯ʵͬ򣬺ݺԡ
ӡȸͬһѪɫ㲻˵һһЧô˵ʱѶԸˣ
һܣⲻܡоתħʮ꣬һвȫЧ
ҶԴԭòȻһֱоԸƵеֳֻƺЩʧ㡣
𡪡
ٿȻһһ㣬һŨصĺ̳𣬴ͤƣħƵдӺһԾȵ֣Ҫ֣
ʱƵ̬ȴΪǱѾըɣҲֻʣϥϵĲֱ֣ǲƲ
ˣԴ˷ܴС
ĵײɵһɡ
ƵоϾѾǰǲսʤħˡ
ԼʽЧɵôϲһϵһһ֦һıУһɴػشϢٿȻԾٴλΪһƵУֻһ֮ǰ֮ͬǰһļ
ľ
֮һԡħʩչ֮°ת֮֮Уȷʵѧ֮
Ҷ˵ԷʵԼʦ뼰ڴˣвЩʧ
ôһȸ϶ϣɽһ䣬һֻĻɽڣӲɱƵС
ʲôɱ
ȸĺͬʱҶԴ޶һۣһͷͬʱƵбġ
һ
ľƵн棬һ֮ǰӲƴ̬ƣľٿȻһ˦ʱͬһ㻯ΪָᣬƵеһֱʹһڿ۷ȫסֱۡ
ȸ죡
ȸֻγɵĴ˫צסƵеһֱۣŻѵĻ磬ٿȻ㽫Ƶо˽ȥ
ҿ
ҶԴ޸ոƵУûȳ֣Ӳر˳ĻУлɱյͷȫð̣һëζǶ
˻
ĵƵиΪңλãֱǴеҶһȥĹĵռ䶼þһ㡣
ԴһƬأֵס棬ŭյȸǸһ
ȸδ𻰣ҶȴٿȻһһָƵкԣȵټӰѻ𣬻ûսȥ
ԭƵȻ¶ߵģȫӿͬһЮס壬ɢ溮ĺֵסȸ档
ãдȸȣ
תħɫΪɫΪתıԣԸѹЧ
Ψڡħϣо֮Ƶе
ȸҪҶ׼ԷԵһָҪƿԷĻ
ʱȸӴԴҲƵλãעɾҶġ񽣡ɲǣԷԺŨܵͷͻȻһ֣¶һֻ´µ۾ٿȻҶ
ʲô
ҶٿȻһͬһʱ̣һ캮ڶ
飬飡
Ӱɣѡ
Ҷ˼ͬʱһǺⶳصһƣ
ĵӰͬʱ׷ɣ䣬Ƶȫ±һ޴ĺɫޱȸķ֮ںڱȼƬ̣١
ҵĺɢ£˵ġ
ʱƵУ˫ƽ̯֮ǰƲ䣬ıֶһֱۣһɢ⡢Ͽݵֱۣ
ȸһŵصͺۣͷӵֱۣ
һ˶Ǿ
ƵС
Ȼһֱۣ켣󣬶һֱӻĺϵʵ


008 ħһ
һ֮Ƶܴأһʱ佩Ҷңңš
һֱ۵ƵУŲƵ°ͷɢħ׻ȸ䣬ΪΟߣΪ¡ħ顷һԵһա
һһգ
ڳˣƵ仰૵仰þòѡ
ħеļˣ𶯣˼ȫ
֪ħŵص䡶ħ顷ħʼݡħʬѪķ湦˵ħͬһԴǱǡħʬ
ħŵţϣܹħ湦عһ֡ħʬʱʵӶӵյ
ǧħо˲űεţնûħһĵز
ǧųơħŵһħĦ죬Ҳһ㡣
ħŸ󹦷ȻϵͬԴȴܺǿܹħһţҲⲻ˱³
ʱƵлѪ죬ʧѪ࣬ʶģ塣
ȸ˼󶯣ͿȻʩصӡСˡһԾĵƮĹͻȻ䇡˺ǡ
ڤްлޣڤһ㣬Ҷ˵ʶ֮ʿΪ֮һѣԴϸʧ񣬱ҶݺݲһţžѣɵðħԣȻ
ЩմƵУ˫ٿȻһֱ˵һ䣺䇡˺ǡ
ȸʱΪ֮ϲֵȆi
Ƶָ˵һ䣺Ȇi
˴ʱ˶֪Ƶȸħ
Ҷ֮ϲѯʿɷ񹥻
ȸƣֹ춯ȴ˷׷ʵʥһһգǺεȾ磿
ħһʥ壡ƵľȻ
˽ԾΪħһʵ
ΪΪ֫ѪΪԴԻΪýԻΪΪ
һ¹׾Ļ渵Ƶоǳʵĸȸ׷ʣȻħĻܣ޾ϸز
ħһ
俰ħѧܵһ仰һֱһԽĺ蹵
ǽ죬ǰġħۡƵУƺԽ蹵辶״̬ħһ
ƵС
㵽Ƿˣû裡
˲ĵ׷
Ҷ֪˾ٲףҲΪħŹȫע
ȸ׷ʣƵгմظһʱ乥Ϊ֮һ
ÿ˶Ϊħ֮ذ¶֮̾ʱȻ䣬һƵԹĵּƮ˳ƺΪԻõƵж¶ɫ
ȸ˲亹ð
MMP
ҶŭһĿĹˡ
ΪʵϤĲϤʶϣһϻѣٺܶڷħУ벻²վȻ֮
ȸ߾ܣȻ޷ħסƵУ翸޷ж䷽λ
׿ݡ󡭡ٿȻ䣬ҶﻺƮ֡
׿
ҧгݵһԺг֣Ҷֹסɱ⡣
ʹѻ꡿ֻҪ׿һӦҵλá
ϧ׿ӦֻһĿƵС
ۼƵоҪʧȥƣҶٿȻһ޺ˡ
һɢɢƮɢĵ
Ƶе˲ɢ׿ĵŭתҶһһҶԺ
һЦҶʶ֮ǵ˺ģ
˲䣬֪׿λڣǵҶֻٿһͶֵһо䣬Ҷȫʩչʮơһ߲Ȼڰ׿
ȸĴɢ
һȵҶѺ֮УӿҵĲɱ֮
ȸ˼󶨣ȸħѹƵʶԴ޺ͬʱԾ𹥻
һɲǣõĶϷڣ˶ϢעŷƵеĶˡ

ǡڴʱҶսִ֮ͻȻһ죬һŮӰ˲ɳҶ֮ɳȵⲻ׿Смƣ
顣
ŮӰأϺɴȥ¶ӮӢһʧȥѪɫףҶһӡظ֮䣬عǺһ飬䣬һѪ
ͬʱԴƵǰ£Ҷ棬Ȼû˺ʱ䡣
һʻƵٿȻ֣ŶȻһЦħ۶ǰһƵãʱһ壬˶ʱ


009 
׿ͬһʱ䣬Դ޶Ѷ𣬷ֶԶݡ
Ϊһڿ֮ϣԴһͷתӰ֮ʱӴܶȥ
Ƕ죬ƵеĶ졣
׿һЦ֮Ҳۣ
ɲǼ䣬Ƶһָ죬һָأ͵һȣ񱩵Ϻ˫ɫ˲ɢԴͬʱԳϺζԭأá
ƵŭϺɫγֻ֣˲佫߬ġ
ֻأٷٿȻһȣȼһǣſɫͬһ㣬֨һ£˳£һȻץסԴ޴ֵ֮ϡ
֮ҧںɫ֮ϡ
ࣣžž
ҧָ˲䷸ָ࣬ӸȻήԴһǣ϶ָ˲
ͬʱƵֵʳָָ˲úףѡ
㣡
ֻɫ־壬ԴǰսβһڣһԴȷ˳ȥ

δ䣬Ӱͱһֻץסߴ硣
̽צ
һֻ޴ɫצƵǰյֱӹ
Ƶ޺һָĺɫͻȻɢٴǰᣬٿȻץ֮צһ˫һᾹǺɢ
һҪԾȣֻת˲֮䣬Ƶһƺ֣Ȼǰо֮צͺɫͬʱɢǰģȴƵ˵ٿʵؿһ
ãʱҶþȫʵֻһ˿ӰûԼٶȾԮȻһ
Ƶ𤵽һƵй˫ֻһת֮צҵ֮צ
ˣ
һֻȫͬӾһԷӿ˹ȥ
ħ
ֻüһűȫܿƵز
߳
ȸΪøһֻ޴ȸ£צֱץƵͷ
һУɶʯڽһצȴڽʱȻץһ޴ĺɫ֮ϣ񱩵Ļըȴֻڻڱֺ
ɲǣһֻ޴ƿȻȸ֮צԺһǡ
ȸһƺߣȸӰʱ飬ԳȥʮɣٿȪӿһѪ
ȸɫ˲Ǻ죬һβ쳣ɺѪҺغɫ԰ףһ¡
ʱʶԣֻǺ֮䣬Լֱ۾ͱֱִǿ׳һȦ
ƵеġħΪ죬ȻǽĹɣǽĹѪȫֱС
ħںǿգⲻͻ³
Ƶ辶ȻֵȫǿٽȡõĲֲ֣ԼϣӵжԷĹܣֲ죬ֱ֮١
ֻɲǣͳһߡ
ʱ׿󣬳ûħٴشȸٴ¶ͷЦȸһȸħеʮ꣬ϧǣһСģΪ˾ڻ¶һСѵˣˣڵܣħŵĺѧ֮⣬ħдڵԼƽ֮ˣһֱȻʥڵĿ¡ڣ֪ˣ
ۡ
ȸһѪŭ׿ǣ˴Ĵָ̾Է̲¶ȴ̲ס¶һ˿Ц⡣
Цʲô
ȸѪǿ˵ңҡЦ㣬ߡ߸˵̫硭Ц㣬Ц֮ǰʮ겼֣ǧƣͷһλӰ
ȸһ䣬ʱ˺׿ĵ˰̣˫۵ʱͨ죬ٴγĹӣߣ֣ȸ㱳ʥţھ㳢ߴĵʹ࣡
˵꣬͵һĵٴ
֮Ϊȸ޷׿ȡȸ
ɾڵɲǣ׿ͻȻӰһһ޴ʨ

ˡ
׿ֻ̼ԼԴһش綼ʼʵҡ
׿
Ҷڸϵȹ׿
ΪʱƵ̫֮죬ȫϺɫ֣ҶûаܻƵУȴ֧ƵеħѣʶȫԸ׿ͼħѿƵУĶС
ȻȸＤŭ׿ŭãʧȥ侲ȻҲʧȥΧĹ۲죬ҶṦ˫ֶԸ׿󣬲ռơ
У׿ʩߴƵоԮһеסҶĹ֮ӰУ׿ֻһգħջʧȥټ


010 ħ
׿󾪺һᣬȴҶ׼¡貨΢һתӰ֮ʣȻʮɿ⡣
ȻһħѣҶЦƵеĶɣ֪Ҵһ£Ƿܿħˣ
˵ͽħѷߡ
Ҫ׿ʱɫ䣬
Ҷһ̣˿
ڶɺҶ˵סģ׿ĵֱ׾١
ԷԽǽԽ˵ԼʱΪҪԡ
οʱӼѹԼۣٲ֣ʦֵȻû
뵽˴Ҷ˵Ͷ׼ѿףٿȻתȫ͡
֡
һĵȻ˻һӶ룬ֱ衣
Ҷ⧲֮£ҽһħ׷ɳȥԼðǣվȡ
ãмˣ
ҶԼ⣬۽ȴһȵֻüȫͱһƺ˳ȥ
ۡ
ѪԺҶ˫ۣеԼǱơƹޣ¶졣
Դ޿񱼶κҶﶼһƬ·ǱˮףԼȫһ硣
ʶȫλĸоֱˡʶܶĦڭǾ֮ת
ʱ׿ЦУһѽӹħѣڻҶƵϣŲԶʹ಻ҶֿһƵѪֱۣһЦʥŴеıǿٿصģҶСѰͱݵħԶˡ
һ۱ԴƴҶֿһήҲȸԼ֪Ϊһߺǰ׿쳤Ц״̬񣺡ˣˣ˵ʵ޷ͳʥţ޷£գʥŵһѾ¿ܣʥڼº˻ң˻ң
׿̬֮Ц֮񲣬ڳ˶Ǵʧɫ
ʥĦǧʥؿһͳ꣬꣬꣡
һĴʱ
˲ĿȥȴǱƲķ㡣
ֻǶʱһģ׿Ƶڵ벻׿Ħʥ֮ŮĦʥ֮׿׿ʥдҵԸͶЧǰʥһ֮

׿һЦƳŶ㣬ǳصִ⡭
ԴϲʱԼӳ졣
׿һ٣ĵȻתҶһ򲻸ȤħżҪϾʱƴյ˫Ҫ˫µĲǣ
һ䣬һֱϲֱ۵ƵУȻתͷ˷쳣˶㡣
ʱ׹Ԩ׿ʥ㲻ܡ㲻ܡ

һӰ˲ס˶㡣
׿Ҳᡭ
ͣ
Ѫ֣㱻Ƶ˺Ρ
ѪϰһԣŤĶһʱδ˫ַȥ
㶵ƵУ˫㵸һڿ貿Уȴȫ飬˳ŹѪ⣬ɫľ磬ŵһ㣬򶫷ȥ
ľеľһѪѪ졢⡢еһжƬ֮ӣƤ˺ѵ˿ڣҲۿɼٶϡ
Ƶװȣһ£ȸԾļûˤԾ˵ٶӦȡ
šǡһ˵ֻʣĶϣڿһ£ҧѪܣŴڵʳѪҺ
Ϊ֪ģռ˫ԼŽӶ֫ʱİˣȫڴڼ䱻
ҶԴ޵˿Ǳ׿ȴ˫ð⣬̲סͺԭˣԭˡѪʹΪһ塣ƵаƵУ㲻ǼҸУʥţ

ŽȵƵ쳤ХѪ۸֮ɫ
Ž˫֮󣬵˵棬Ƶֱһֱ۵Ŀɲ
۱֮Ƶһ𣬿ӿԭسǧɳƳ
ֹɳ䶨Ƶı۴ͬ֩һ㣬ͻأĿϻħ١
˵ҶĿɿڴ׿Ҳǵɴ˫ۣ١
ɫһҷһתʱֽĿ׼ȸ
ȸۣ֮ȸۣ֮
̰֮ɫֲ֮ȸҲɫ䣬ѡ
׿˷ܴУüˣüˣҵҪȸ֮ħżʵܴﵽΣ


011 թ˶ħ
ȸ޷ѣ綫һݵааһЦȵ׿Ը
˵굥ȸצ͵ؿԼ˫ۡ
ǧһ֮ʣȻһ𣺡٣
ˡ
һɢħһһ߲ǽȻبȸƵ֮䣬Ƶ̽צǰȻǽӲص˻ȥ
ף
ƵȻһ񣬽˲ָֻ糣
仯ȴ˲䱻ȸУͷɵһԼǲۻˣ
ƵһδɣҪٴιʱ翵ٴ𣬡
ˣ
һƵȴŷܵ˶ԷĹ͵һԾ˫ʹؿڣһļХ

ۿɼӣڿнһ޴һǿ磬һɾ޴˶վȣž
һ죬Ƶһܣȡ
׿ɫʱ䣬ײߣ
һ䣬׿ƮٶߣƵж˵ת˲ʧӰ١
ţΨһʹáײȹؼ汸֮ˣֻдм֮ͬġɢˡ
ȻֵŴ湦ƵеĹܹתַ֮ϣӹֻõ
ǰɼݵˣԴ޴ϲҶæʾ
ƿУӰͬʱƮȻͷһˣ·ƹ
£ʧһЦ书ǿﵽʦɹܹħͷߣѾ֮ˡ
ʱӰҲ֮ء
һŮò»ƹװ״ӽȻ
һһ֣Ҷ˲ϵƣæǰͺʦ֣ҡ
ɫݣһ֣̾˵ˣѾ֪ˡ
Ҷδʦįµ갮ӱ˶ߣҲֻǿŭȴδ˵ġ
˷ŷȻ˼ʮ꣬ҽŲģź֮
ҶҪǰȰοȴһסȥɡ
̾ϢҶʵֹᵽˣҼҶʦ֣
˵˲ԶʧȸһۣҲյϢƵھϳ֣ʶϿǰڵļ֣ƺȸίУܵؿѺһˡ֮£ұ鿴һ벻Ǹ˾ǹ֮ġҡ
ڸ֣Ҷ׷ʣڸץסҼҶʦֵģ
ȸŭŬ죬У̽Ƶе䣬һı𣬵ֲգʶȸץʦ֡жҲڵĸֲ룬ֱӾͱɿˡ
ԭˡ
˵ʳӣǸظ֮ˣԴԼˣˡ
갮ѾʹĿŰӾΣյС
ֻ̫ţץס˷ңʹϢͲȥ޷ΧɱƵУԼֱУȫƵС
˷۱Լ
ʱһڸ׵ź֮ǰݵ
Ҷߵȸǰȸһ˫޳ĿŲԶҵıӰһǺαأ˻ŵʱ֪ú̸̸Ҫ޷ˣ˱ˡĲףЩνʿһҪνĵ壬Եǰ𣿡
ֺγˣҶ˵Ϊ˳ޣһߣҪ֮ǰűԼĸγǻ֮ӣ
ȸβ˵һִ̫̾𣿡
Ҷûд𻰣ʵǸ֮飬Ϊʲôֵ֮壿ħҲ𣿡
Ϊʲôȸ΢΢һ㶣ǰΪʲô
ΪҰģΪ棿Ϊ飿
ȸ黺֮УԴ𣬲ͣҡͷ
ˡȸ૵ʼʼֻΪȹҵȻپġʥ֮Уû飬ֻáѵÿԻãʱӢۣʥڵһУڵðˡ
ֻãҶš
ʼǣƺϰˡȸͻȻЦʵҶСӣûйָо
ʲôо
ľżһĸоȸ۾ҶǺЦԼһľżûʲô룬ʲôȴ߷飬һδεؽƵ˼⣬һ׷㣬׷㲻òƴسǰΣ׷Ͼˣ׷Ͳ֪Լǰķ򣬲ǰߣǴ󺣵
ҶĬȻ
ΪȸĻͬܣô󲿷ʱ䣬Լѡ˽෴ǽѡ
һ·ǸأǰߣãȻĹˣƵħͷңԼһҪʲôԾ
һʱ䣬ȸħҶѵõ֪
ԱߵȻһЦ벻ȸ֣ȴϤҵΪ֮ģֱģ󣬿ϧΪɱΣԵˣǴ󳹴ˡ
ԺΣҶȸԶ¡
ɵ𣿡ȸһЦ
ȥǺһЦһػħ
ȸüͷ塣
գգ۾ƹɽɣһ裬һ㣬ԼѣġȾơ䣬ɡ
ȸǳЦ
ҶĬȻ
Σȸݣ򲻿ɵˡ
ħƹɽס˻֮ͬ⣬߲޶
ȸ֣ǲԸ⣿ʵ
صסȸӣδܹصסȸȸʧЦҡͷһЦңҸһܡ
Ҷһ㶣׷ʣȻ÷ﾪһŴУֹʦܣ죬
Ƿ׷ɣ̱㵽˷Ҹǰ


012 һ
ʲô£ҶɱԴѺһԣ㶼ǲؿŷҡ
һﱧǾѾɺԵʬ壬촽Īص࣬ҵû

һʧɫ
æӣץס֣ҶҲһ֮ڣƬ֮󣬶˶һۣͷ
Ȼ
λãɲһʱ΢΢Ȼδȫ
Դ޴ϲǰδǼ¡˵Ƶеħǲǻʲô
ˡǿԼı»ġ
ء
Դ޾ȳ
Ƶеȫ֮˲Ǹ漣
֮֮Ҷ̲ס޵벻ǰƵеġħǰһ˿ȴȹһǰơ
ҶĬˡ쳤ؾóϹӡɱؿڣϵעԷѪһȪעήĴϵԭ˿ʱΪ֮
ˡһֱƵ˵ľ괺Ҫע룬̫
Ҷչ
ԭµݣһ˿ѪɫԭѾĺҲ˿һ΢ţȶסһ
ͷջ֣̾˿ұסպҪٻָΪȴϼˡ
һ񣬵Ҹһˣ˽Ѿк֮ˡȻҸȶתᣬɽɡ
΢Цͷ
ʦ֡ҶŸոռ棬ֽķң֣صء
ʦܳˣЦҶļ򣬵£ҪСģвһʱ𣿡
Ҷص˵ͷ
΢΢һЦɽʦԱžѧҽ䴫ڸ㡭
˵Ҷһԡ
ʦֿʲôҪ½Ҷʵ
Ȼ㡣΢΢һЦ˻ȷʦҴ㡣
Ҷʱһ࣬ʦ˵ʲô
ɫ죬ʦ˵ϣûԵ޹ʵаҲûԵ޹ʵ塣£ϣšһСΪѡ
仰˹ػ֮飬Լҳ˼Ķһ㣬˵ûͷûβûʲôɣҲûκѡ
˵꣬ʧһЦʦ˼ʦܣȻǧҴô֮ʦˣתȥʦ
Ҷһݣûһ˿ĸо
ʦǶŮ鳤Ѷ֮ˣֵĵǺʺ򣬾ԲһԣȻöʦѡ
ʦôҶʵ
õúܡЦԴʶһս֮ʦÿЦ𿪣ÿնŪСңڵĺܡ
ʦûչˣҶͻȻʵ
ҿûע⣡Ҳ°ͣϸصǰʦÿ¶ҪչصģԴһɽ֮󣬾ͺܾûмչˡ
һɽҶ׷տյǴ𣿡
ûҵտȻˣ˸ַΣ󣬹ʶʦǰãϧ޹Ǵεֻʦһǰʶʲô֪飬ֻǴ֮ʦգκ˶ȻͻȻԸʣñɽԷˡ֮ڵʦֵܣ˼ÿվһ㣬֮֡
ѵǳտʧٵϣ
֣֮Ҷһ˶ʦһۣʦ֮ˣƾ룬һʦšѪ𣬶աաʦһ֮󣬲ɽ֣ɣǻڼҵĴүү𣿡
һ㶣԰ʦһ˵ģôͻȻԸˣ
Ҷʱ󷭰ۣ˵һɵ꣬ϱûɵôɵˣʦ˿ģһ⡭
ϸһ룬ʱ˸
ʦܵ˼ǡΣѾɽʦ𶼱˼ӣһأһȥʦ̸һΡ
ǧҪҶ˼Ƭ̣ʦȻʦֽ¸֪ңȻĪ
ҲһжֻǵĺҲҲ˵Ҷа롣
ҵ˵ͷҲᰵע⣬Сʦܣһ⣬СġʦȻҴͣ˵ƾֵ㣬֮⡣
ãȸˣ
Դ޵ľͻأ
ǣͬʱģϷ棬ԼΪѳʬĶޡ
ҶһԭμаĽڴ˿ƺøӹˡ


013 į
⣬͸Ҷķ϶ּյϡ
һƬҶӴ֦ͷ׹䣬ɽбȥغɷͣ
Ҷ˼ǧĿȴעƬ׹Ҷӣþò
Ҷӡ
һĺҶ˼ѡ
Ҷתͷ£ȻһϮɫװͤͤɫһֻ֮£Ǳһˡ
Ҷ٩һЦ½󶨣ΪΪΪĽӷЩˣòǵ˰ɣ
ˡȻһĨʹһ
ˣʲô˼
Сǵģÿ鲻õʱˣƢʧ٣ίʵʲôϰߡ
ԼϵĸǸ˵ĸԼ

ˣԼڣҲҵʲôƵá
ҶЦ˵䣬ȥɢɢҲŹ˶ãͻᡭ
ˡȻǵĴ
һΣȴҶôˡ
ϱнӰӡ°įҰļįĨɱĽ̤ȻĿУĵ˵ҶĿɿڴĻԴĽ֮Ļ֮ѾоǸį°ҪˡΪҪҪѩܣҪ̳н־뿪ң뿪㡭
̴ǳЦĽȻ˵Ӧ飬ҶͻȻɤӷɣ΢΢Щɵʵ㡭ġ
෴Һܿ֡ȻȻһЦΪֻڣҵǸС񡭡飬֤ܶ飿һԼôģ
һ˵ţȻĬĬͷ˫ְСϣɢδйĸԹâͣĦĦ
ţͻȻʧЦõ͵òٵ͵૵οѾΪĶҿĻء
𾪡
οһε𾪡
ҶԶԡ
ڡ
С㲻Ӱ
ڣڻ̤˽ĵ·
һۿʱģԸģġȴΨ˽񱾸þеļį
һŮˣԸŮһӡ
ҲٹµһˣŮˣѣȡ˰Цٹµһˣʽϣڸϣ˼С
ԺԸٿĸѾı䣬е֣ܶʱ򣬺ܶˣţڵ츳飬׷Ľġ
ǣ罪Ȼ˵
飬֤ܶ飿
ƺýԽԽԶ
ǽ֮
ĽĽ顣
Ľǽ顣
ڲǣһˡ
ҲʼҪѡӰӡ
ǣ֮ھˡ
һڲų⡰񡱵Ӱ죬רҪΪڶ
ʱҪ֤ģԼҪ֤ƺţκε覴úۡ
ҪΪ񡱣Ҫڽˡ
ûκ˿ԸԼԺС
ڵܾ
Ҫ߳еľ֣Ⱦͱ֡
ȻһˣȻ󣬸ǸɵɵŮһӣһ˵ĺӡ
ǣǸŮҲ˼УǸԶȥҲԹԡ
ǸˣİǸż񡭡
ҶȫԶˡ
֪ʱǶڣǶԽȻѾΪ
ԭ뷨У뽪Ȼϲһɽׯңգ֮ӣ׵֡
ɱ˵վǱ˵ģԼϲΪתơ
»عį֮·Ҷĸоǳ׷һΪϲС˵ƫƫĽԼһ
һˮͷ£˲ѡ
ԼһԹۿֵˡΪڿ˵ɺͿЦ
˵ı˺ҸԼƨ£Լֲٵġ
ԼΪЩ࣬Χ۵ĵˣҲδظˡ
ˣǶΪԼһЩȽʵʡ
԰
ڣȻ
ǰզզذɡ
ҶͻȻɺڶ˵ĸ飬޿޲ɵءšһ
ȻƺͻȻ򣬲ΪԼͻȻ˵ôص飬ɫɵһ죬æҵĻЩˡҶ֣ٹһʱգҿܾҪصƹĺɽ㽭мұ֪ͨ㡭
£Ҷʵ
Ȼ̾Ϣһ뿪һɽׯΪ׷ѰΪĻһɽׯˡ
Ļ壡
ҶĵҡһԴ

ͲͣһʱƬ


014 ؾݱ
ͽȻʦͽˣȴʱ
ΪҪȶҪģǵˡ
պھϸСУԭԼʱ䣬绨ڳ֣ͬʱģһһСʿ
Сʦ塪
һСʿԳٶȣԾɾ룬һҶ£һѳסĿţһѱ顢һĨ
Сʦ壬ɷʦֶˣʦֶΪ㣬ղܳԣҲ£ʦֶáˣ۰
أҶʱΪ̧ۿȥǸﾫһСӣǮؽϡϲ뽹ĺ˭
ʱĺͬһȴûǮôţʩʩȻʩһȴѱһ˶ߡײİһĴɵժ
ǮءҶƹ֮ʱС֮һһ겻벻СӣѾʮߵˡ
ֻǶ겻Ǯظˣȴˡ
˵ʦֶ棬ҶǷǳˣֻǵܵСȿűŪʪһƬ̲֮סһ˦Ǯأȵˣˣ֪ʦңϷ̫㣬Щݹ˰
Ǯͬڵһϰգ֫ţһ£米һεĴɡƮƮأЦصʦ壬ҿ¶զô˵Сʦֶ
Ҷ㹷յݣٽ˰ɣ򶼿Сܵܡ
ǮԭЦ׵ʱһ࣬ȴΧ˺ôЦ
ٻŰһĶ˹͵ǰҪ¶һߵ񽣡޷桯طǰֱԣѾⱲӴõıѾﵽƷǶ͡쵶Ҳһ֮Сʦܵĳħ֮
Ҷʱϲӹݹı֮вһŰһ޷潣Ȼǧأؿ˺һۣЦӣġòˡ
಻סеϲɫı̶̺֮ЧǰЩӸոͻ˵أѿ
ϣ
Ҷ͵ĺ
С֮УԺµʣóӲӲĹԾ㶼ˡ
ʱǨ벻ȻŹ˵زȷʵ˾ϲ

Ӱһٶ֮죬ֱȵ˲ˣһŴ˷쳣س嵽ҶǰСʦ壬ҵṦƷҲнġ
Ŷ𣿡ҶЦ
ǮغٺһЦӶȻһͬ޷ʵĴһɾ룬һӡһֵĴϣŵɶأӯԭء
žžž
һԴ̲סƵṦƷߵͬţ񹦾ա
ԱһֱĬҲ̲ס޵ֻɽ˵ĵӲӣҪŬˡ
һ˵ţһӣһϼոձǮһƵĴжֻۣǿĴ˷ĩͽıˡ
ɽׯŷġ˲Ϣϡ澭µġơȷʵ
ҶȻҲٲ䡣
һԵķһȴǫõТͽɽ죬֪Ӣ۵һҲǴʦܣɽʶһ
ҶôФƷ壿
ФƷǶʦַҵİͽɽûɲš
¶һ˿ɫȻƷڱչأ׼ͻ֮
ҿ
ФƷҪͻˣ
ʮ
Ҷһǿ֮ľϲ
νǰˣһ˻ˡ
һ̣Ҷһֱɳ̲ϵĸо
ҳһ֣ѵ룬˼Ҳһ䣬ҵطɽλأպ󽭺ټ
ټͬʩ
һҪȥǮǴΪᣬҶοһ󣬶˷Ųȥ
ô죿Զȥļ˱ӰԴǰһʵ
Ҷ̾ϢƵк׿ͬʱͬʱʧҪҵټ²Ǽ˿ˣѾǰ׵̽õġ
˵ͷһɽ
˲쿴ȥ
ḧϱۣ±ϾħڵʥŮҲа취̽˿
ҲáҶͬȻˣǲж磬ȥ£Ŵʮд̽һ¸̬ƣ磬һϰûʲôüĿȥһ˽ҲӷǸҲܴ̽ʲô
˵ͷĿⲻɵôӢʬɨ


015 ֩
һɽ½硣
γɵˮʯ͸ɭķա
峿ɽ룬һɽ£γһӯ̵Ĺɽ˼ա
Щι״ˮʯϣɫʱͷס
ΪڵɽڵĹԽԽˮʯҲʧɫȻӨɫж뵽˽ìһַɭĸо
ɽͨ˴Ҳ֪㡣
ɽ룬ưݣγһˮأĪǳ
ˮʯˮðҲʹˮԵرա
ˮ룬һԲˮʯ̨ǱһֱͨˮʯȴΪĵоϣֻ͹ˮɸһء
һֵӰϥˮ̨ϣ²˿һĶĿ
˿һĶһҰװףȻɢһּĹ󣬲˿Խ棬ˮΧˮʯϡ
迴ǻńxУû˴ɨķȻ⡣
һƺʡ
ûз磬еҲˮ˿еˮʯҲûˮ¡
ɽҲû죬һƬš
Ȼ䣬һ
ɽڶʱһ½һ£ŷ˷һ
ɽΪ֮𶯣Ҳʼˮɽе죬ŷЩˮʯҪ÷顣
죬಻ϣɽڵʼײ𵴣ķ
ɹ˺һᣬ𵴷ڼһķ˯}а񣬾ǵħ֮
ɲǣɽƺаţҲųˣһȺɣҶ鱾С
ͬʱˮΧˮʯϿʼڵ㣬ԽԽ࣬ƶˮ̨ϵӰȥ
ϸ֮£ЩڵȻһֻֻȭͷĺ֩롣
Щ֩ںڷǴо綾֮Ĺ롣
ЩûһͬϲŭЦޣЩŪζ˼֮ëȻ
Щ֩е̬ΪȴȻûһֻˮȫ˳֩˿Ȼϡ
ÿһֻϹĹ֩룬նһҧѪ֮ϣճĶҺһͨ͸˿һ㣬ע˵Ѫ

΢һ˿ʹ࣬ǶҺһѪҺ˵ľѪΪһ壬͸ȫٴӾٴβ˿һʣеȫ⣬γܵ˿
ֻԭͨ͸ĶҺʱѾ޹⣬ûһҰװס
֩ĶҺľ綾˵עѪҺմ϶㣬˵Ƥá
˲֪ǹ֩ҧٴΣ˶Ӧñʴƫƫ˻úúõģŹ֩붾Һע룬˵ʼȥһںڷ㲻סĹ
֮ɽڵĻԽԽ
ɽŷҪһ㣬Ǳ֩ĹˣȻը

˿ͬʱ磬һֻֻ֩˷ɣڰз׷ױ顣
𤸽ϵҲƬƬѣ뿪˵ӣͬһ㣬ɢ
˿γɵվ¶⻬Ƥȵ˵ֻƤɫһֹĻҰס
ɴ壬ת໪۾ɫգһ˿аЦ⣬䡣

ͷһЦ໪۾Ǵδйĵ⡣
ƿһӢӣˮԱߣ˫һգգضˮ̨ϵ໪۾һ˿쳣̰֮ɫ
ϲĸ󣬺ϲĸ󡭡
Ӱݵڵأ໪۾Ķӣս
໪۾ȻһЦɹˣڳɹˡʥ֮ڣƵţҲȷȻʥô͸дչҲӹţƵ񹦣ֻоһʮڽҳɹˡ
˵꣬һЦ
սĽ쳣ص벻ĸ⡾ħʮ꣬Ȼ֮ƵиȻԹ֩綾͡ڤֲͻ˿֮ĸֻҪɽ¼Ķ֡
໪۾ԣЦһŹǿܶԸƵСɼطԭĸֻ̰ɫָˡֻҪģҶȻҲᴫڸġ
лĸ󡣡սϲлҰ֮
䣬Ȼһ죬ҵڣϥأʥƶ֮ټ
ã໪۾һϲġڤǴ֮ģ
ϸ


016 Ƽˮ
ǱˣûҶ˶
ŷ֮ȥ˶еҶǶȼһڡ
ȥ֮Ҷŷһε顪
ûӡ
ϸд˵ķֶ棬ŽӵȻްԼ񽭺쵱֣ŻҪӣδЩˡ
ˡ
úܱ
Լнţᱻ
Ҷ֮ͨ󣬹һЦһϮŹײİһ޷潣һ·λεε˾ϸǡ
ʱǽϺ÷⡣
ɽ̶̣ˮ
һ·򱱵ּٵϣǰҵɽҰ٣һĿ
ʱ峿ɽҰֵؼ䳯ȸӭųֱ̫Уתһ֣ǰٲ¡¡֮Ƣˮӭ
ҶΪϲʩչṦһ̵رǰ
Զһٲʷ䣬Ͷʯ᾵Ĵˮ̶ڣɵˮ̣ƿνR
ˮ볯ںһΧһƬɣľԼֻǿɼȴסݷ⣬ٲ
Ǻˮ
Ҷ̲ס̾һͬʱҲԶԶĴˮ̶ϣ˺ӵ֮
˴ͨ긮ıɹٵϣдźͯÿڴϢ֡
תһʯҶǰȻʡ
ֻǰһƬ̶ˮǳ̲׻λεĶʯӹٵһ̶ֱߣǰ̶ͣˮԱߣƺһЩ𻵣ݡ
ƥѾ˽£е˨ϣе̶ˮϴˢ
Ůһ̸˵أС̶ߵĲݵ׷Ϸֵܾ䡣
һҶɵһ㶣ΪĶţͷ崺Լǰ·ʾԷǽϳ͢³Ľ
Ҷڽ͢ʱһʱѪĲã˽Ȼصϳ͢ʱ򣬽֮˽ˮû뵽СӴΪãֱӳô֯ͬ͢ξ̼߸
ǰĸСһ졣
ҶͻȻʱͬʱӦˢˢذγŭҶ
վסʲôˣȵ
˾ҶѼע⡣
һ˲䣬ǼŮɫ̼æкӻصߣС죬Ҳѹ˹
ᣡҶǺһЦǰҾǸ·ģϴһ£ȵˮŶá
У߿ͷĽüʱˣˮȻ
졭
ʱһʵһд˳
Ŵһƣһʮ£ʿ磬ϹߣȻЦǺǵؿҶһۣȻǽ죬ٵǱ֮·ˮ̶һ֮أȻλСҵͬΪ·β˷㡣
Ǻλ˼ΪæȻϷԸȻԡ
˵ЦǺǵؿҶһۣоζԡ
ҶʧһЦηؼǰΪлɡ
һ۳룬ЦСˡ֮£ְڣСҪ
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ҶˬһЦֱȥˮ̶ߡ
Ůźͯ㵽һ֮ϣĴ϶䣬˫С۾ߴﹾҶɨͣ
Ҷ֪ǼĺӣҲ⣬ϲ̵̶ˮϴһߣʱм̶ˮд㸡æԱߵһֻ֦һ̣ñֱ֦ʱһβ㣬ֱӽᵽϡ

СǾ֮ͬʱȺע⣬ŵѵ֣γ
ɻժҶԿˡ
ǰˣǲĸ֡
ҶȻ˵Ŀ⣬Ƶشмβ㣬ȥ࣬ôƬҶʢţɲָֻһɲȼգҶŲ˿㡣
һ翪
Ŀ㰡
ŲǳϵʩʩȻ˹ɻػǰĺ죬ҶЦСǺաֻһ˳Ƿ̫ģоϸʮիϺõ±ţ⣬ʮ׾ƣ֪ɷԸһأ
ҶһЦ˼ҿǻ⣬⿾һءû˵ģˡ

Ҷ𣬴Ʊһ˿棬ն֮ڣʱðƮڵ⣬㶼ý㡣
ȻҲǸԻмң֮۾СһȷǸͬʱ˿ˮס⽹ۣǿһСһѧЩѧԺġơϷ˼󣬲֪Сγƺ
ҶһЦ·ԶƼˮ꣬ʲô


017 ܼ
ҶȻȻرʾ֪Է˼ͷһ壬ƺ˵һʱȴ䲻ˡ
߹һЦϲæȥȡ±þƣԼһƨԱߵĴʯϣץһ㣬̬Ϊˬ
þûԵҰζˣǻСʱºӣֻ⿾Сʱļ䣬ȴǺõ̫࣬Ƕļ㲻ᣬҸˡ
ټ䣬ٿҲǿֵġҶЦ
ǼǼ˼Цѣ˷ܵСݣǽϵͣϷȻҲΪκȴЩĹһѧ£ĽЩȥɵʿ
ʱ˽±õţ׾ƶ׾ʮװ̳ӣһŨľ֮Ҷ۾һ޵þơ
˼Ժ֮ɫ˾Ϸһҵ𷨣ѡȳζϷԿ䣬߱ϹʮҲҲõ˽׾ˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦҲ˵˼ԿţƤֱӶһ̳ʹһڡ
˼ˬоʱΪϲͬһ̳ˬʹϢԶ̣ȴǱǺһ£̧ͷҶһɵЦ
˼һ죬ĨĨؿڵľաϷķȴǺþûôˡ
ҶڶԷؽһһ£ڣʪ͸½Ƭ̸ˬЦµͣþ
˼ԣʱʧЦҡͷ
˳ſ±⣬ƣƬ̣ƺȣ㿪ʼ
С߽֪ʲô㱳
ŶǸѴĶǱСõֻǻЩͨȭš
ѽѽȭŶԿУȻв׼գ
ûб򲻹ʱ㶪ˡ
˼̬ݣֹţ̸²ףҶȻûôЩ˽Ӵһ̸ҲΪԼĽ£˼ݷŹ⣬Ϊ̾ƬμͽҶΪƾ֪֮⡣
˵󣬼±¶ǣ˸Եʮƣȥһ룬˼ӿѾ˾ޣʱԵϷȥ긮䲻֪СηԵ֣ɲһ·ͬпɷ񣿡
긮
Լϵı֮·
벻˼ȻԼͬУɬҶвһ
ү
һְŮӳд˹Ȼߵ檣ľƺ֮ЩԹ
ǺȫһҴӦҪÿı顣
Ҷһ̾Ȼ˼ͬпɵ÷㣬Ҫ˱ԹɫͲ̫ˣ΢΢һЦҪܾ
Աߵ˼һס֣صѵСͶԵ׼ܾܾˣǿҡ
ʱһƬ̾Ϣ
λүƽ￴ƴ⣬һ˾Ͳǳ˿Ծܾġ
ҶЦһá
ã˵ãǱǺã
˼˷ܶһģԱæ˷סԸλλϵܣʰһ󡣴ֿѣõҪŷ磬ãÿ
δ䣬ȴһֱ˹ȥ
үү
ͶʱһæңˣӡѾߣˣȫ˳ؽ˼
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ҪУһ˿ϸ΢촫˼һԭĴǱ֮Եߣȴǻһתˣ߶ˡ
˵꣬⿪ײİһʵ޷潣һʯϣĿ
ƱĿ񣬵ʵϣȴǽʶţɨһﷶΧ֮ڵһƬ̺󣬷Ŀ΢ЦһȻˡ
Բ֮ڣжʮֲֺ䣬ϵΪոϸ΢춯һƿյȻǽӽ͵
У˼Ϊ֮⣬ǸҲ켶ĸ֣ԷΪ˶ԸǣҲڰĿŵڹٵ϶֡
Ҷ²⣬Ⱥ˻һֱ׺ڳ֮󣬴֮ܶ֡
ȻҶſɨЩ֣ǵݺĿģȴǴΪ档
Ͼʱ˼Ϊһˣȴ³ĽпεҪԱô˵ԼˣҶ֮Ҳܲ׷ɵؼ򵥴á
Ȼ£͹һ°ɡ


018 ʾʾ

֮ϡ
÷ѩ糣ͷԵĴϡ
Բ˴ССʮҴæµؿʼ·絽ϣ˳ŴǰŽ
ղͬͷ˼ʮٲڼĴ£סĵˡ
Ͻ͢ǰһˮս඼һЩԽˮռơ
ϧûãϳ͢ˮͳ죬⵽ɱʹýһʱণΪš
ԴҶݱ֮÷ѩʦѹһʱգԹϢȴΪʺıüúϲգ鲻ȣټϱ̿ͲⱣʶϵһЩʱա
Դӷѹġ̫Ǿϰ쳤ؾóϹ֮÷ѩѴ򿪣ãͬʢʻһ˿лǳഺ书ҲһֱͻͽҶİ£ͻ˹龳
÷ѩڽɫ磬ϽԵ¥Ҫһٽ᷿һ̲ˡһࡣ
¥ĻɡʸŵŮʱһæңкر𹧾С
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˧췲һΣᵽҶʱֶʱһҧгݵģȻҶٰԼñ췭ظʮ⡣
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˧Ա㡣÷ѩһЦתȥ
ҵ˵أиϢҪ˵ġ˧췲Σ̾ϢһڽƴѶѾǣպҾֿ¸Σա
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ǡ˧췲̾Ϣʥʥ֣ҸȻ㽭Ħƺڤܵ໪սĹƻѾ̤㽭ȾҪһʥĵˣҶȻֽϣλ俿ǰ
л˧ѡ÷ѩһ̾ˡ
˵ӯӯһתȥ
ѩ
˧췲̼𣬼ĦơڤӽΪ񻰸֣ҶǶ֣²޽⣬ֻҪϡ
ס죡÷ѩȻתһ˫Ŀ˧췲ЩԶسڣͷĽ鶼߽꣬ԩҲʤö٣겻ǿУȻšʥʥҲӦ˧ǻǿǿǣĺã
˵겻Ŀɿڴ˧췲ƮȻɰȻȥ


019 ʩԮ
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ӵ˼Χڵģ𱻵ȼūǴϯض˯ʱҹһߴ˯һ
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֮ǰΧֵ˺ʱѳ˯ȥ
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ˣˡ˼ڲ͵شϷ˻ͷ˶ЩʲôλС˵ˡ
˵ǾͲˣĸƤ˵Ļɲġ
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һĵܻʸ̩Ͱ˵ܽˮر룬ųɽƺʲôҪְ񽻴ϳΪӵ
жҪˣǡ彭ƽϣ֮⣬ĵʵ𣬵Ϊ˲ĴɱŴӳں󷽻Уע˼ᳵӣһϣܴҶֲ֣һص
Ҷһ֣Ǹƴֵ˼ԭҲǸϺꡣԼ˵ȥ긮û뵽ȴȥϳĶ
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ʱҹ
Ҷȴ˵ĳ֣һٽ𣬻˼һ֮顣
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ġ˺ٺһЦźţϴжףģô
Ǻ˻ǰͬһδ˲쳣æСǰһĽͬ飬˭֪ͬӦֶ

˴ʧɫæ۽ͯذ׻ࡣ
ƾӦٿ죬ȴҶĶֻ֣һ棬˲䱻Ѩ޷ֺ
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Ҷһ֣ҲԷȴֱӵӣűڻеСᣬСѣ㻹ǵѣģ𣿡
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Сٺ˼ڣҶ˵Ǻˣеġ
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Сɴһ˫۾صҽУʮһˡĹָһ˲ܶ书Ҵòã
ҶʧЦΪСӵ棬Ϊ֡
и常ףƫƫ˸нֹ֣ѵҪӹԹǳӾɣ


020 Ю
봳ҶЦʡ
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Σյġ
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ʱ䣬Ƕĺãڸǰܣ̫ˡ
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һ䣬޵ҹһЦӭǰȻͷɽĵֿɲǱЩӥȮŴģպεģʶԼĨӣʶ࣬ͰιҰ
Ӣɫһһá
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ˣһĩңǸ缸ƴҲҪȥ
Ӣɫ࣬Ѿ֪ƴʱ
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мͼ׵үСӲǺˣҿЩǿͽģΪǰûǿˣһ֣ǿͽأ
һ˼Ҳһʱ
ʱͻȻһһͻȻµѽôˡ

һСӲټ˼ʱΪ
ΪӵСӣ˼СΪ۰ʱŭ˼ң˽ҪͷӶס𣿡
δ䣬Ĵ޵ҵһЦȵͷĹۿߵλСү˭
̧ȥĿյϣһοƵĺͯлкˣ
һǸ˶ʱ˹ȥ


021 Ϸˣɽ
˼ŭĿѣҲԱߵļһѳ˶Ҫɱȥڼţû޴ľٶ
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Ҷ˿ǰҳΧӵɽжʮˣǺ֣ǵ˵ͷҿˡ΢΢һЦҪҰԸ
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һȴûѹߣʱ˼˶ŵɽ˸š
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Ӣɫ԰ףѹ˼˵ˣ˾ΪҵȻŴ˳ɱȥֻļˡ
˼һΣɫڵϷҪһ
ˡ
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Ӣһĵײɵ΢΢һ̾
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ѽ粻ҡҶУŤһţǱСпУˣСй

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ֻʮСɫͨ죬߿µ𶯣ٶҾˣһ˵ţһ˼߽е۸㣬Ұ㱨ˣ

һ̣˼󡢺ӢеԱǴǰһУȫͷԡ
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˼ϾǡѧԺĳȻרעѧʣԼϲ£ȻҲɶԺӵĽССУҲǴСϸУü书ġ
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ڳɽ۾벻ǰСǸľ֡
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ҵĶ
ոջԹȥĸףٿȻһƨȴӶĳ棬ŵԼһѣԱһ˹µã㿴ҼϢˡ

һ˹ȥ

оһǰܡ

һߵɽʱ׼ᣬֹ
һ󺺵Ĵ󸫺ݸɽִͭϮǿХ棬С۾
ͬʱ·ĸ֣۾һͻȻԳѷɵһֱеĿڶ

оһǰ˵ͻرһӴ˻ȥһһʱգ֧ͬʱһ
飬飡
Ǻ󺺺͸ɽһƺߣͬʱء
ǱƥķɵͷϵķһٿȻת򣬡ϡһһɽƨϡ


022 
˭˭װŪ
ǽ·ոɫ䣬һȣѷɵں˼ɵطУͬʱһȣɱһ
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Ӣһȣʿ䣬ɱ
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Ҷһ㶣ϰ˽ˮָԼʲô£
˺ٺһЦģֻҪҼҴ֪ͶȻԹ۵ġϾϵΪҪѵáѧԺϾϵݣϾȥ̸УȻȡѧԺ֧֡Ҳѹһѹ档
Ҷʱ󷭰ۣͬʱҲ֪Լλ˼£ȻµԼڸ͵ȻҲԼȴϢ͸¶Լæ
ǰ벻쾹Ȼָˡʸգ¿˱ƻʸ̩گΪ˷Ǹν찡
죬
һ̣Ҷ֪׷ɱ˼󣬱Ǹνġ˭ˡ
죡
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023 
²֪ٵĵط֮УһƬ޴ҺһոҽŨҵĻҿǵΧ͸⣬ʱĵݣһɳҵǵζ
ѵٶϣҽֳʺɫ
Ƭҽģһ޴ĺɫʯϣһ̿ӰΪŤڵȿ֡
ӰȻģµһȴǷ
һö֪ǺνƳɵƣŻͭһĲʣԵͬȼյĻ棬ȴһʢͨ޽֮޷ҲֻСһţд֡
ݻȨ
ǰݻ̵ˣȴǰݻ̵ˡ
죬Ǹոձġʸ졣

ʯ֮ϣȫ̿ȫòֻһʽ˫־죬ҳеҽ֮һģɫɽʱΪ֮һ
˫һҽٴλ³ɽ֮һ
ĬʮϢ˫ٴ͵о٣ǰġ֮һ΢΢ƮҺϱ̧һߣҽʣɽʱǴ
ֻ򵥵һȴطһµʱ䣬оһΣڵʮоһΣҽĸ߶ȣҲĲһ磬ڵһ֮࣬ټֱ˷ָ
򵥵Ķ򵥵ظı仯ȴš
ʯ̵壬ԭѿеѪܺ;ĺо٣ʼͣ˸
ܼѪܺ;Уʵķ·ѪҺǻ档
ÿһεо٣ʯ϶ԳĹӰƿҿǵҽҫ̺
ɽ֮⣬ɽµƽϣʮӰ㶼εǰɽ塣

ǰݻ̵ʥɽʥ塣
ҶԶ򣬹ݻ̳ĵط
ȴ֮Уһɫۣüëǻɫͺ󺺣˶Ƿⲻͬ
Ϊĵӣ¡

ħŻ֮ʶһս֮ƵзӴܣ׿ݰ¶ħ鲻һֱϹ۵ħžڣڵ֪ħ˼ʱȫˡ
֪ħ첻жĴڣڹ۲죬ȣڵȴ
ȫ˿־֮УԭҪͶ໪۾Զ⣬뷨ҲűҵĴҶȫ
ʱҵ
ŵȫİȫħ죬Ǳ㲻òֶԿҪģֻǶ԰ݻ񹦺ħŻ񹦵оĵá
ޱعԼ
ǣõģħŻڵ߹󲻵ǣõ˰ݻ̽ġõ˰ݻ̴ǧϵа
ʱգʱ䣬Ҫͻˡ
ңݻʥɽ˵ʲôζ
¡¡¡
Դʼͣش
ĸǿʼˡ
ô£ô£ŵֵƣ׷ʡ
ʦʦ𣡡ԭӻʸ̩ĪشеʦҪɽˣ

һŵһڣ͵Ϣӡ
䣡
һ촫Ļƿɽ壬̳ʥ岻ˣµֻһҵĻɽڡ
˶ǰһĻˡ
ۿŻɽӿҺʯطεĶǰܹ
סһ𣬻Źڵء

ڶĸָεѣæǰ
ʸ̩Ŀɿڴֻص
˫ֲ촽԰ס
ѵ
⣿
ͻȻĻɽ֮£ѵˣ
𡪡
ҵʱͻȻӻɽڴһͻʵĴ𡪡
˾ſȥֻҽӿĻɽڣͻȻԳһֻ֣ץס˻ɽıԵֻ˾޴ȫһֻ˵֣ƽ̯ࡣ
˸ӴɵֱؿһҽĻˣӻɽ˳
أħ
¡¡¡
ҽÿһ˳أʮɸߣʮɳ
ÿһ£¡¡𶯣±Ǿ޴ʯҲΪ֮ڻҽΧڵľȫȻȼա
ʮľ룬ҽ˿̵˺ܾãһƬҲ¶ȵĽͣʺɫ𽥱ɫҿǡ
ǣ
̵ҽʼ䣬һ룬ҽ˿ʼСܳҵȻ˵üëͷôҽߵǰʱҽѾ˴СʯһڣֻѪܺ;źͣҫɫĹâ
ףǰһĻŵӣӲźһ䡣

һɻӶ֮˵ͷȼգͷͷֻȥǻһ㣬ʺɫͣڡ
üëͺ룬ۿɼٶȳ˳
Ƥ𽥻ָò֣Ȼ졣

ĸǶʱһأȵϲ񹦴ɣ

쳤Цĵ뷢ͬȼա
ڡϷڳɹˣ
߾˫֣ԳһС۴Сƣȴǡֻ޴֪ΪαϸС
ϲͻ֮תæǰ
ʱ죬֪̽£һɢŻĻѾȫܲԭϢ
ͬϢĸо֮ǰֻƵеϸܵ
⡭
ôܣ

һȫ
һ˿Ϸ֮ɫļָ֪ȻȻϷͻ֮ߺߣƵУ㽻֣ϷҲ˿塣
ͻˣ
ͻʸ̩ǴΪ
ôᡭ
˵뷨ԼжϣһεУܹ벽񻰱ѾĿˣû뵽죬ȻͻƵ񻯾
ؿСġһʱڸ̲סѵѵõ˰ݻ̳񡯵ĹУ
һеġ˫Ŀҫ˵Ļ⣬̾벻СĴܣȻƽ⡣ꡮڡµıȻҪߵ¶Ȳſܽ⣬ϧ̫Сҽ֮УƻϷƴһͻƾ磬벻ȻܽˡܣҲ
һ뵹أõĻʥơӽǡ񡯣
񣬻񣬻񡭡
ɫĿ⣬Ǿؾη
񣡣˵úã
Цֹ򶫷ｭɽ̲סһЦһΣϷȥ̶ȴһϾҹ棬ٺ٣˵ãһξҵĻˡ


024 ҽ
塭
긮ĴϣҶһϮϹһɫĹžͣҡһֻ壬޷һ鲼סóһ˶ӣ顰ҽҩ˸֡
ʱҶ׷ͯգͷİ׷һ٣׵ĺƮǰʦ鵱ģױһִ߽ҽ
ǡҽд٢ģλָҽ˾䡰˭ǻ٢
Ҷٵظһ£ƣҾǻ٢
Ŀбӡ磬һվ·һ㣬·ϵעĿ˭˶Ժһʡ
ʵӦЩٳϵķȽڣҶֲһ·͵͵ǰУ˸еķӣױһҩηУܴҡڵ·ֲõ鷳
塭
ҡҡ壬ҶȻұƣ᪻ưػ־ҩ
Ҷһһۺ룬΢΢һƳһ·ʮҸһƬһ˸رĿٿȻε
·˾ҶȴǽŲһת˸ǰָڶԷµѨһѮת
ҶһЦһҩɩЩһݻȥˮ̷ɡ
ִɩǰҶһ˫۾ȫǡ
ҲҪ
ҲҪ

߰˸׷ǵĴʱҶ֡
Ҷһѳӣæ΢΢һչΧ긾ŮǣĨͣЦУȺûټͽһȺ̾ĴԹ
СڣҶ¼һױݣίʵȺԹŵòᣬתһ룬ɵʧЦһӰʮʱ򣬻˷⣬Ҳ㲻
ʵ˵ĵ֤ĵķѾλĸ֣Ҫɱ˼󲢲Ϊ
˽߼Ļ˼ӽ긮һ·̣õĻ¡
Ҷװɴ⣬ҽһˣǵʹ֮ʵڸеһֵܿ¡
ӷ⣬תֵ˳˼ˣЩӣһʱѪδȡֻǴ˼鴶
չ⾰긮оһΡ٢ҽ񡱵ļѻ
ʱҶѾ˰ʱ뵽ͷһӹǡ
ɾ֮дһŷӣһǮҲûգͷⷿ
̧ȥǰһƬããˮΦ֣ǧټƵĽŷжÿʮַæ֡
װûĴֻ˳ֱ½϶ȥҲʮ˳֧ġ
һ׿ˮԵŴҶĶӣǴδй㡣
ʱһҶۣ÷ѩϣʳһ·ȥ̻ϣһô顣
Ҷ֮ʱȴһӯĽŲ
Ҷüͷһ壬ڶʮؽŲװɲ书ӣȴ֪Լʶѳ֮ڽֽǴṦһ·ûӹĶ䡣
ԷȻǹʿݣĿĲ
Ҷո˵ͷҲصؼŽ߷羰
λˡ
һҶתʱǰһԭһλʮ겻὿εŮһǵش
ŶλϷʲô£
Ů̼֮ɫƣҼʩֱӺֽţ֪˽ӹǣɷ˵ֶΡҼұⱻؿڣع۶ϣмΪصˣ˵˵ҼұٲҽΣֻ¾ˡء
һ˵ţŮסӣȻصؿ
ĪޡҽЩԸ˵Ѱ֢ҩǼΪأҲԸҽΡֻ긮ҽڶ࣬ΪѡηУ
ŮסǻΪѵȻһЩҽΣҪʱҼлҪ£󲻵ãǰʶұ
Ů˵֮󣬷ŷҶӦʱǹڵأͷȡ

˳·
ˣˡҶæǰԷԷ˫һ˲䣬ʱͷϸ΢ɾ뵽Ҷڡ
ͣСӰϷܲ鵽ҵĵϸҶԺҲͲڽϻˡ
ڶԷɲǣҶС๦ʱתȫԷ̽˲èèɵرܿ˶Է֪̽
⻹ֻҶ֮ģƾ衾ڤ񹦡ľУȫԽ黯ΣڼСһ֮ϣƵи֪ҲûаҵĸԴڡ


025 ϴ
ֻǺ֮䣬Ů̽Ҷת˼Ȧ˸еԷΪﵽԪڵģɵðһЦŴſǻ֪ɷҵͬУұһ
ҶһЦȻ־ԸĿҲ˱߶Сһˡ
˶лˡŮЦҶ޺һԱ
ˣū֪γƺĿЦʡ
ҶȻ࣬٢

Է书͸Ρ
Ҷһҿ촬ֱˮһΦľ޴ʹʱ˼ˡ
⾹һҺ
ĺֻݵغвŻ֣ʱ˾⡣

ֻ²Ŀĵذɡ
ƺٵҶߣŮӰȻڴͷе󴬡
ɵӯصǴ֮ǰֵ̽׺ֱǰסˣŶԷһЦλģֻĴû
һЦһۣضҶͺʹ壬ؼ飬ȷûд
ĸջǶȥҶӡ
ҶǸȻһЦҼ˹ض࣬Цˡ
޷޷ҶЦЦٲҪȥ
ȵȣһһָҶĴᦣȵʲô
ҽᦣҶ
ûôġһǰ
Ҷ򵥵һãܿ˶Է֣λҪǿðۣͷˣ
˵꣬һ޷潣Ƴɵҽᦷ˼װϡ
˽¶һ˶һ¡
Ҷæǰҽᦣ¶ײİһľõصļһ洫ġ
ڴ󺺲ɵþ̾һҪĴ̲֮סһ䣬⣬Ҳ
ҶЦ洫ĶƽġߣѾϰˡ
ؿ˿ûʲô쳣ǰҪ̧һߡ
Ҷæư޷潣ľϣס󺺽޷ᵽ˴һ࣬ʼûб¶޷潣Ĵڡ
Ҷܣʶ޷潣һľ壬ϻһ㽫װУǽλҲľϻסǶԷȫᦲ򲻿ܲ޷Ĵڡ
˻ƺǽص˼󺺣קҶ䣬ƴȥ
󺺵ЦңңλŮڴϵĵλôߣȻͨЦ
ҪҾȵˣ˭
˲֮һŵǰչ߸ڲյŻȴκˣ͸صա
ǵĲŴǰͨ´յ¥ݡ
ҶΣѲƿ
Ҷٲ뷿ٸȻ
ԭ˷ǳмȴԴһΪĽǶȼ͵ƣһ鹩ϢĳСǽϻ˼Ե൱˼
ڹߵԭһؿߣҶȴ޷ڵκ顣
صִգҶΪ⣬ֻһݣŵһɰоѪ֮

ҶºӯӯһЦ㵽֮
ĺԶĵطҶ֪Ǳסһ룬һĿռҲǴˡ
ʱ΢Ŀԣ˲Ҷж϶ԷҶ˴⣬ˣѾѪͻˮ
ɨһۣҶһЦλѣҽУιҽΪԸ˿֮ҽֻͻ֮󷽵ʩչδ
˿Ǻǣȣȿȡʲô˿һɳƵһ
еģ
װʲô崿װʲôܲס
Ҷ΢΢һЦν˿ǰ˿ߵһͷڲ˵ϣһͷָ⣬ƾ˿ϴָУ֪ϼ
ۣǹȿȿȡҵĴЦǿҵĿӶʱһѹһضٱѹĳ
ӴϢ죬ŻǸƭӣһЩֹʹҩȻ󶪵ȿȿȡ
ҿ
TMĲ
Ҷɵдŭȴѹ͵ɤȻ˶Ѿˣһ޸ġʯɢϾжֳԸ⣬ٲӣǿɾ͡ڼ£ɱĳЩ˿ҵ񣡲ǵġٰ֮
δ˵ҶȴѾ˸͸
ѡ
Сӵ˭ֹݵġ


026 ´
Էﻰ˼ԣ֮˵ݼΪҪ⴫ֻԼṩһЩֹʹҩ㽫Լɱ
ĬƬ̹Ҷ˼תȻһЦǲǽƭӣȻһԱ֪λϵĲ֢ߺߡ
ôһƣ¶ɫұĲ֢Σ
Ҷ˶䣬Ȼۡ˽а취븭Ѫȴôεˡ
һʱһһҵĿԡ
磡
һٿȻ֮ڣ鼱֮£ҲԼ书
Ժ󷽲ƽϢʵ㡭㣬εã֪ҵĲڡ븭
кѣҶȻһǰ룬಻֪ǡ븭֪Դ
洫һ
ҶϲĻΪϵ⣬ɣǺǣһֱǿѹⲿֻٴˣ㣬븭ѣ֪˵Ŀɶԣ

һ䣬΢һƣðӰ䵽ҶǰһССĹסĲ϶㵽˭ô֪ô
书Ҷ
ΣʻЦһһ·ϣҽѾɱʮˣϴף´ѡΪԼȰ㻹ʵʲôģ
˶°ҶĵһЦ𣿡
ƨ͵һݹҶֳһĨѪߣߺߣηУôܽƾͲµұĲ֢
Ҷ¶һȻı顣ʵǺǣУһͨУ洫ҽ
ҶƳ˶Էһۣӣݵ֪ұĲ֢ǻףϳֵʢģĺȴȼ¯̿£ȼյľ̿ľƳɣľζаʪʥƷ˵ͨӦľ²֮ˣ粻ûкתˣֻ˵ľޣȲ壬ȻڲǺǣλ֪˵ÿɶԣ
Ҷӡŋϰõҽ롰ҽɡҶ£²ԷĲ֢ء
ֻһϯʱ˵ĿɿڴڲϵĹɵһɡ
ȿȣȻˢӡ

յٿȻ飬¶ĿĿռ䣬Ʈ̵¯˶Ĵ齣ԼϥϵһӰ
˻
ϵһҶʱһ
ֻ˳ߵһʮҵˣȻüĿȴǼΪӢҰӣȴͬʬһ㣬һϵƤͰ͵ڹ档
˹ͬ壬˿µ󣬾Ȼͬһ˵ϣίʵ˸е־塣
ֻҶԷľȣΪԷ󣬶ǶԷˡ
ħʮ֮һļƶ
ϱ͢෽ã벻ϰڤļһȻ
Ҷɫ΢΢һ֮
ƶһ˿֮ɫЦѰ˼ҵƣŶŵðɫǲס
ҽͼ̵ֲ֢Ѫãǳ
ƶ˵ͷˡ
֡Ҷ̴Ĵָ
ƶһ֣ȴҶǰ
ҶѰ˸ʣڼƶĶ£ʳָָڼƶ֮ϡ
ץŵð
ҶʱһЦȻھҪԶ֪֮ѵƣ״ЩССʹϣܹһ̡
ƶֳһ˿м΢ЦģھʹһЩӦԵĵõġ
úӣ
ͼƶĿ£Ҷͳ˲ڡ
ڵһ£ƶ𣬲ҿʼܿƵؾҲ
ʱɢ
ۼԷĹҪԼϣҶһס֣
ƶʹ亹ֱð嶶ɸһֹ֣жҧ촽֧š
Ҷͳ֮ʱƶڵѪ磬һһŵͼ㾡չԺ֮ڡ
Ҷٶ̽ԷƣƶҲ޶ȳ򵶹ʹ࣬ǰǰ󾭹ʮҶǼƶ·ǹһڼƶһҽУʵʱҶɿָ


027 ʩԮ
Ҷһ֣ƶһʱ亹죬ɸ̲סһͬʱ˹ȥһѱסƶ壬תͷŭϹôһ£
Ҷ˼¶˼̬֮ŭҪʣȴԱߵļƶץסƣҡͷҶһ̾þġϵ
ϵ
ʱ©һ˿֮ġ
ƶġڤ롾ϵûΪУǶԷͼ죬ȷʵԸƶش˺
Ҷȴɫ䣬΢˼Ƭ̺󣬻Ҵʮ֮ԾˡϵܵȴЩ֡
ƶһȻ˵ı飬һĨոȼϣ֮𣬷𣬶֮ȼģȴһɱ
ҶٸӦԷı仯Ȼ˿Է˺Էʱȴ档
һУʼѰ
ƶʧȥҶһЦ̨أһͣอ̺֮˿˿ħŵԲ˿һļ̨ͣľ֮ϣڲͣʴոյ֮̽У̨ڵľ緢˿һ׶ϣκĳٲҽΣȫʴϣ򡭡
ΣҶ㲻˵ƶҲ
ҶȻԼĲ֢ƶĶʱȼһ˿ϣ
Ҷ΢΢һ̾Σǿεġۼ󡣡
ԸκδۣƶüĿһ֣سŵ
ʱ΢΢һڿ
˳һͷָķ򣬸Ǳ˳£Ž
ҶҡͷʧЦ΢΢һ̾
һɫ΢죬ȻֻҪֻشκҼұĲΪʹֱٷʾǸ⡣
ҶȻһЦǹʲķᣬ϶٣㲻һࡣ
棡ƶʱϲֻҪ֣Ըһơ
ãϡ
Ȼ
գʧܼʼеɥ֮ݡ
ƶĿ˸һ£̾ϢܺùԴС
Ҷ˵ͷƵһ㣬ҪĲ֢Ҫ̨ԭйȫһ˿棡

һΣֵƶʧɫþò
硭
һһ˫ĿƶгΡ
Ȼƶϧʧ书
Ǽƶûʧ
ô
һжҪ𣿡
ôõļ֣ôõҪ𣿡

̧۴Ҷڵģݷˮ֮ץסһݣƶһһץסҶ䣬ҽȫ֮Ըκδۡ
ҶζŶԷ˫ۣų̆ɣܹΣ֮ѾǶǻǸ
ƶ׹һȻҶҶãӡ
һ߬סƶ䣬ĺˮ͸ӣƶһ̾ʮޣһΪС
Ҷζص̨ʮǣִţһ£ɣ
ƶЦô򵥣ȫʧݲҵģǴ˼ˡһûüֵˣʲôŵ壿ο
̨ǵǸˣ
ҶƻԣʱΪţƶЦһ󣬻£Щûʧ书ʧǣʧķǰɡһ룬ЩǴʧ֮ʱˡ
˵󣬾Цƣʹ
ÿҶǰһưڱһ룬ֹȴƶϢسһ԰׵ɫԳһ˿ݷϢõȡһʿƶƴһΣо֮ɫҽ֮ѧԲ֮
ת۷ɳá˵˹硭
ãƶһŤڳһƣڡڤ˲תֻɲǼ䣬ƶϻҺɫһðһҽһٴ۵ÿ
ҶһáʲôаŹֱѰ·Ϊ
Ҷѵ⣬ȴǰһЦֻɲ֮䣬Էڡڤзžͱ֪̽߰˰ˣڶħŹоȻڶԸħˡ
²ǰָ㡭
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ûԼдħ书һ죬뵽ѧ᡾룬ҲһˣһתͺȵĿڤչ̾˼ߵʮұء
ֻھƶɴ۾

ⲻǵŴ·׼ѧԪ


028 򣴨
Ԫ˵Ĺھų֮֮ͥ£ǧܸ֮١
ƽͣ޹ҡ
ҶԴ˹ȨƶϢ֮ã޿κΣⲻ֪ȷϼƶʱľ
Ҷƶڵʮ澭һȦƶֻͬգůĴδй
֮ڡ̫ξصУβеȫ룬ƶһǴŴȳ
Ҷƶеġڤͬڵ˿״ȫƶĵ֮ڣʹСͬƣۿɼٶʴ
ƶʮħŹ˿ںѹƵ£ʼ塣
ע⣬ҪˣҶͷѡ
ƶǿСʴǵʹ֣صص˵ͷ
Ҷָð˿˿׹⣬һָڶԷĵ֮ϣϵڤȴԡڤ񹦡Էʮ˸һɶ
ڡڤ񹦡֮£κԵ˱ڤǡڤаԣҲ徫
һʩΪڼƶҲһʱ֮Ҷһ˿
˿̵ļƶͬһտǣʮȫΪޡ
ͬģʮĸԴҲһɶ
һ˿ڤʧƶһʹ˱ֱӳ˯˹ȥ
ȵĺƽͣή壬Ҳŷµӵһ˿˵Ѫɫ
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032 տ
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˶ΪһȻ׵ʱ򣬡ҵǰͻȻͬݶһ㣬࣡һ죬ٿȻ

޴γɵ֮󣬲һľ޴ͽͷһҽУͬʱѪ˲ɳȥʮɾ롣
ԣñɣʹֶΣ֮Ϸնֽ̡
ԽԽȴѾӵӰ٣ֻҵһ㶵ı顣
ԣΧ۵ˣֵңȫǰһĻ
ʲʲôͰˣ
ǰɣ˵ҵʲôʽӶݵġ
ûʲôֶΰ˭γֵģ
׳գȾֶַҿԿó

ɡһ֣ʱȺ˾޴ķӦ
˶ʲôصֶΣˣ֮ԶԶӶݣôֵģһʱ˵硣ȴͳһھ˶ôֶΣһжȻ޳ܣˣɥʵ
֮䣬Ƿһʵ̫ޣ̫ף˾ԲԸţ׵ǵġǸСֶαӵСˡ
ƫƫоһСˡ
ֳܹŵģˣеȻҶ
ֻҶҲûϵл޳ܵ˵ز㵵ò°Ѿʡ
Ϊ˻ʹֶνôˣƷίʵе˵ȥˡ
ҶγϣеƷѾӵ˼ޣǸ޿ɾҩļһ
ͬд뷨ģҲԣⱲֱֱȥû޳ܣԼ߲˵Լһʺӡ
ССˣֱţҪǻиҪ񣬼׷ȥ´βҪ㣬һƤ
һתͷһҵ̻ڴװϵҶˣȵƶʶĸϽɱļˣ
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һǰһͬʱɱ
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̥Ǵֻһ˦ѵì⵹ǹǿƻʱǰһ˺ѿҽۼͲܻˡ
һ棬ֳֶͭ˵ͺ͸ǿ񱩣ѱеǰһģ׷ɣ¸һ֮գۼ䣬߰︮ԿǱ顣
ֳ֣ԭȹ̵ۿҪ顣
֮£һźӭ˿ͺƽһȴһ̥Ǵ󺺡
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ֻҶ߳ʶ֣ƶںģƺǳ˶񶷵ήҲǡ
ƶȴ֧š
ǣǸнľı飬ήҵģ
ͷȻüƶ˹˼ɣԼһ˫ŮԵзֵ鹥Ȼסȴ˲˲

һƴ뱬Ƶƽľһ̥Ǵһȭĺƻƽȡʤ뷨Ӳƴһǡ
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λƽһ࣬¶һ޴Ŀյ
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׵ģڸһҾ죬Ҷ۾Ψһһֿظ֣Ҽǡ
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һ𣬸ȥ϶˸൱

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ƶ΢΢һЦƽ㵲ѣҼ˫ƽУȴɻ֮һ˿⡣
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һߣֳֶͭ˵ͺ󺺣ɵסһʱۻңӰͽ
ģĽж۾ϮýѹӾ񾭣类ָ򣬼Ϊʡ
߳ŭ֮£ͺ͵һȣжͩ͵򴬼װ壬һҵĺװû˿ˣŷΧȫƿ
һһʱվȣֻսԾ
û˫أͺЦһͬܰ㵯𣬿񱩵ٶֱ˶ͭԴХ䣡


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֪Լͭ˸ոյݳոէֽгֻΣƲӢĳì֮ͭϡ
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һִ֮⣬һ֮ƣ޴ղסӣʱԼӢ˺Լ˴ͷͷ֮ƺһʧȥƣ·ȺȥеĶʱһҸ
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Ӣ䣬˲ôϢŭһʱ뼸˵Χ֮С

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ԼΪġҵȻֵͬԷӲƴ֮ʣͻȻʧȥƿأܿƵػһߣʹֵĺһֿܵԼǿһڴ֮ʣһɨ
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Ҷ΢Цָǵ֮ϣŶԷʮһ̽顣
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⡰ϹƶһֻϹƣ֮˵ëҪϸСٱۼѷ֣ĵ֮ڱݷ
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ʱڵ֢״ˡϹƶһģһҶǸеһ˿Ծ
ֻڵĵġϹơŷ˯һ㣬һ
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ҶĿǡ
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ƶһԣ۾һ˲գͣҶǵɨɨȥ
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ˣɵٴ֮С
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040 
ֻһ̣һΣǾȻվ̲סһ
õҶҽȻˣһʱĿɿڴǰʵ
ʱϲоΣ
ɫ˲Ϣ䣬æ˫ۣƽæǰ·֮С
ʱ˵鶼׽
ϲƽϲӣƶĪ
̬һʱ価չҶǰ
˵ڶ飬΢΢ۣǳЦҽֶΣ尡Ƽһ㣬͸ޱȣؿڲʹֽҲָ˵
ҶаЦԼһٽԷαװĶȫ۳Чνǡҩװһʱ䲻֪Ӧ԰ˡ
ҶһЦȻүİɣĲѾһиĿܣǶ壬ֻ辫ĵüȬүӲȳԵ㶫ú˯һΪүҽΡ
٢ҽʾЧҶĵλʱȻͬ
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ֻҶģʱڵӼܶͷˮ㵹һˮһ˼ؿó
Ų𣬼ƶ
յĵҶԴƶտҰ֮⣬жֹѾ죬ѿήİҲ𽥻ָٹʱ䣬ԡԪΪ׵ļƶ»
ƶҶϣˮɽ̲סһ̾ڽˡӴԺеҲѰ
Ҷ֪λħѰΪƣΪΪΡ
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㣬㡭ԣ
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ĲҶԣѵĲ飬ȷǺԡ
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ࡰһУתĽУѡ
ĽһЦ˳õҼС㣬첻µز£鶼벻Ȼ´ף


041 
һ̧ͷȻ޵һʵ㣬Ҳ´ףº죬¹
ĽԸЦôˣĹ
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δ䣬кȻһ͸Ǳ磬Х䣬

һ߿ļʱһƬҡ
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һͻĲ̸۵Ľ㣬Ȼûעƶһĺڰ֮У֪ʲôȻûע⣬֮ǰǣҲûл

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ҲΪ໪ȷƶˣʵ١ǵЦЦڤʥг˼֮⣬вһŹҪ໪֪ʲôش˼ƶҺҲѱʴߺߣ˵ʲôҲӳҵġ
˵˴ǲɵһ̾źϧСŮûܻϼƶĹ⣬ĸвﻹ¼ƶ¶ԡ
һΪʥ֮Уǰĳֻ¼ƶֻǼ󣬶顣
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Ҳǳ̾һһΣζʧ֣һҪסƶʥԿףǸ٢Գ֣󻼣
ãһЦδҹζ࣬ǽҹͶ֣


042 Ѫ
һ䣬һĻʧ
ԭһţҲ»ع֮С
ȫȥҶŴһʯ֮һ绮ʣӺڰŹҶӰҲͬʱʧԭء
⣬ôܣɴ˫ۣŵضżƶѾӦǣҼ̳м֮λôǸıôܻ֪ʵݣô̰ħŵʥ
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ԼƶȫȫİԭӲ˲̾Ϣһ˵ģҸ뿪㡣ϾһˣʲôȥҸ״˵
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ʲʲôƶ˲ɴ˫ۣһ˲գصҶ

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043 
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ƵľŵʱжϣһƬ֮
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ĹӰ֪Ҷǹˮ޻εһ˲͵Ҷǰ
Ҷ۾һУΪ΢Ĺ֮£ʱԷ֮ϮĲʲôһϸ緢˿ߣޱȷϢֱ򲱾
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Ҷһջʮ˫޸ڰһֱӽǸ˿õˡ
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Ҷһ͵һ˳˲们ȥɾ룬ԶԶرܿ˶Է߹Χ
˹ȰӰ֮ϣµ˫¶һ˿âͳɤ𣺡ƥ򣬾Ȼõҵġ˿ߺߣ˵ϣҲдʱˡ
ҶһЦ˼ϷΪһδУǱҪеŹΣ˵ôһˣСӳ˼̥ëϷҲ
ͷһЦƥôĿȻôб£ӡ֤һǹľѧ

ĵĹڴ
ҶһٿȻеһϢʶ΢Ȼ̽鵽ڱ֮֡
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ɲ֮ٿȻһ񺿵ı֮
ſ֮һУɲʱ侹Ȼеҡ󾪿֣
ҶһȻԼǰŪǹعǰˣ󵶡
ΪϣһȻתͷȥ


044 ɽ
ҹɫ£ϣٿȻ·ƮТ
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վλãǧҪöԷץסӣ
ȣҹΨһİԴȪ

һҽվڶΧһߴͻȻҹ°ĭ˫۷ף﷢Ǻǡ죬һᣬֱͦͦڵϲɫ࣬Ȼȥ
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סȺӢһǰҪæ
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ӴĻǰߵ·㽫ʬһһ⡣

ĸʬĻбͬʱǶʬ壬Ҫܡ
һˣͻȻðһɫ⣬˲ȼȫ
ɫĻ˴ĲҽУֱ֮У˫غץӣȴˤ֮ʱһקסǰܵĻСȡ
ɫ˲մȾϣֵĻߣڰ˱ͬţɼˣСҲʼڹпʼȼա


045 ѧ
ɫĻûһ¶ȣ˸еǵʹȷǧٱ
ȫŻĻѾͬώһ㣬ڻݡ
һСŻĻȣԭشɳ񣬶ɫ
֣
һȣƶгǰһ۵һŵСնϡ
ǻҽһ˹ȥңȴ˱סһ
ʱҹͻȻһЦ翣Ȼжϲ巽λĹӰⲻͣ֡
ͬʱһɭĹƮĺƫƫһһÿһ˵Ķ֮УƶҶѣιʱܶ
̽һԽڶëװŪб³һսͷβʲôӢۺú
һȣʱ֮︮ͬ飬̲ס׷׺
ۼһʢҹٿȻһЦͣ
һ޿ƥеٶһ£ֳֳĽ֮ϡ
ǿֱһ飬һУסַɳҫȻֱķ֮Уལ¶档
˻
΢Щѧʶ˶ǵһ
ʹð֮ˣȻΪӦʱûУ˵ԷʵԶ
ʱ٢δ飬Ѿ˶ֳ֣֣ʵ£зһ֣չֳȫѹʵֳ˵˼ɵֱס
סְɣҪٴˣȺƽ˻𣬡ԹʱֹǻɸΪΣһתĬȻǹڵأܶԷ˵ļƶ˭ȥɣΪһħˣң
ɫͨ죬ȴԣ˵Ȳͬ⣬Ҳʾԡ
Ϊŭȵ磬еǰΪҪԻٳǣ׹ʿ
ƨΪʲôҪΪǸƶƴƽŭãҲҡԴôǸƶѵ֪˭ǲˣ
ƽżƶһָʱƶɱ⡣
δɱö˱㿪ʼﶷ︮ĻҲվӣвͬͬƿڴ

ʱǴһЦǸƮٴƶҪٲˣ˱ˣù𣿲˵ʥŵܣҲ㣬Լ˵ΪҹСħʬܣʥŻԻͣ
˻̿ҿ֪Էеļƶ˭
ƶǰϵ᲻ʲôΣ㶼ߣҪͷ
Ҫһ𡭡ɲá
ʱΡΡĴźȻһƴ飬һĺһТӣһ㵸лҲӶлᦳĳߣгǴɣι״ŻĹ֣ǻӶ֮䣬ȴϢȻϮֻǽ΢赲㱻лϵľķѡ
һֱǰͬʱ޵
һһϣ
ֶƶеıӭͷŵɱ˹ȥ
¡
һ˵ԭʵǽֱƿһ󶴣һТпɥһƬɫӰ޺ɱ˽
ӭ︮һ˱һǿɥͷǣһ˲ҺһһƷ˳ȥбȼɫغ±㲻ٶ
Ӣ֮ɱϣĽвŰ׼ͬʱ˳ȥ
ݣۡ
һĸʽÿɥӡ
Үɹˣ
˷ܵһԾ𣬵һĻȴðڵ˴ʧɫ
ֻǶʮöе֮ʱаܸԶʯİȻԷļӲļס뼡ֺ
ĽĿɿڴʱ򣬶ԷһЦСҪıɱ׷򲻳ɣɽġʬ¾ףƾǵֶΣ˲ҷֺġ
ԭɽɵѧġšӰСṦһĻţʬ
ǡʬΪǽһѼȫ⣬ȫ罩ʬ㽩Ӳÿά࣬ѰУȻȥҲڣμס˺ֺ
Źǹеľ򣬴űǹ֮Ķûɣ벻ȴһˡ
ŵٴδ֮ʣԷѾЦֱСòʢĵ߷Ӱɡ


046 ֿ;
ߣ
ƶеĴʱʹлᦵѾֵסһߣֳֿɥʢѾͻӢ֮صķٿȻĽŮֻǼ֮䣬ס˶ŮѨرһԡ
Ҳ
һϺȣδȫڣҪѨһ飬ʱԷס
ƶĿѣǰȣκȫ޵ǶԷĵֻ֣һ棬㱻һ߷ɣز
Ӱ︮ͷˢˢطֳѾǶսΪһ浹ɱ
ס֣ס֣ؼʱƽСУбһɽѣͶˣ顭
ûĹǵ︮ڶ໤֮׷һ̾ضбС

һ翵ĺӰ۳ΣĻ֮УĿɨڳŮŮݹǰ͵ƽգίٲͣ㻺˼ƶǰƶֵܣǺοࣿΪѾ̮ʥţЩкôҺһҵħʬɺã
һ䣬˶Ǿȳ񣬶ǳŭ
㣬Ȼ㡭ƽߺ޲ƽ̲סǰҪ֣Ϊ㣬Ҳ˺
ûǰȴһ֣žһ죬ֱӷɳȥɶԶغպףͻݡ
ҪнľʲôȻҵĹ񣿡
ƽգĪƶһ˫۾ɳ˳ޡ
ƶվ΢΢һЦִú⡣ҲǲŹҵļˣҸɽ
ٺ٣ƶֵδС𣿡һЦԸĳһڱصãλһҹͣǿҹĵһˣеҫɣ
˵һתķԸʢ٣ùɽ̣

ɫƥɫĻɫ
ǰܹײĵľ޴ɭɭű
Ӵлᦣһ·ֽǮ·˷׷ױãһԶ
ǳĳӣϢ
ҶȻû
ǹ׹ɽȵļ˺޹˼ɵĶ֣ҲҪԷʲôֶΣʳħʥڣͬʱħʬϢҪ챦֮һٴֵȷѪꡣ
һ·ԶԶ׺Źĳӣν̽ѾȷʳħʬϢ֮ǰ︮˲κΣգʶҶĴ󵨵׷ȥ
ȥɽ·̣ԶǡҪʮ·̡
⸽ĵƣˮ·֮⣬ɽ·࣬;ᾭ䣬ȴأҪһģĴĳСٸ
Ҷ˸ͨòһ·棬ԽٽٸԽе쳣֡
ΪǰԶĹ֮⣬ȻԽԽʿȥٸ·;֮ϡ
һյɫʱ֣ԶٸĳǳȻɼ̰ԣϦ·
ҶĲͣȴͻȻһ󡰵õá졣
ͷһµĽͣͬİɫͷһ̵˹ȥ
ԽҶʱһ˻ͷһۣӢ׳һⲻм̬ԡ
ҶĪ֮ʣԷѾԶԶؽ˦
ѧԺѧӣ
ող˲䣬ҶȻϳԷ彣ʽѧԺʽǻͷὣĿ˸˸ԳտΪȻףѧԺĺ
ǡ
ôϳ
Ҷɻ䣬Ȼһ˵Ĵι⣡
˴ٽٸٵǿȻ·࣬ҪǰԲҪ·
ҶʱԼԶʱȴѵԼȻԷṦ׿˿ǣԷٶȲ䣬ȴӲԼײ
Ǽ˴ͷûʲôù¶Լк
ҶͷһһӷײĴӣһƵñⵣͷ޴Ͱŷһ㣬·һֻѼһҡڵֱ
ٵôĵطߣȴǸҶгһ㣬ֱ㶵سײȴš⡱
ǹںԼϾ
ҶȻĪ֮£ҲǷǣۼԷͬţŸֻ΢΢һʹһС貨΢ӯرܿ˶ԷĹֱӳ
ף
ǴĿоһҶٺһ֣Ҳкξٶӿٵǰȥ


047 ջӭ
ҶɻȴһƹƹҵĴ֮
δʱһҽдһʦģĴ󺺱һƴԴʬɳ֮⣬һ󾪻ŭ֮УһӰɳ֣¸´Цڹٵ֮ϣҸ¼һӣͷʲôƨ嶼һھ֣ǹʺһү˺û£Ҫػҡ
쳣ߴһ£վҲƣͷۣꪣ¡ϸһ飬ŲձǱʲô
ͷ֮ʱѾ׷ɱʮھֺ֣һݸߵĺӣӽһ˿Ʋ룬һװƯĽ˿ӶԼΪӣƫƫʱһҧгݵģŴ󺺺ȵ¡ھһˮˮھȥĮʱТҲһֲ٣ιҪҼҺ㽻֣Ҳˣǲϡ綨ưոݡ
ʱ򣬹ܵΧѾΧ۵ڣʿʤö١
Ǭ֮£˵ֽٵֵǣƾΧٰ׵ʿȻһǰְæ
ȺпֵҶʱҲüͷ塣
嶼¡ھ֪ģھֱĽ᯴־ΪǴŴӡ˶ĶֵĽָԱȡˡ𡱵гš
ȻװƣһԺãκһ񣬾˵롰ƹ񡱺ͨмֽ顣
Ҷ嶼ױ˧췲ʱڼϼǸˣ˵仰ʵʽ顣
ǰ磬ºšӰ¡ھʵʲ̵ͷҲǰǵؾϵĸ֣ҶǵСʱڡ¼϶սȡʤı벻ʱĴ֣ڼˡ
ǵؾ֣ӦҲˡ
ǸաҲţСӥչἰǸĮϺ޼ɵĶдֻͬΪʶʱûǹʮӥͱ˸ˡ
벻ĺڰȻھϵĵؽ
ʣչһЦưոݣޣΪα¾ôŪװʲôڣһΪˡħʬ
մһֳһƬȻ
Ҷ׵壬һ
ҿ
ʲô
ħʬϢôôʹϣ
ѧԺĸִӽ嶼ոǴӼԶĴĮȴͬһʱ䵽˹ٸ
ġҵˣƵк׿ĳ֣ȻħʬϢѾڽϴʶЩڰĸȫϳ
ⱳ󡭡
ʲô˸ɵģ
ҶҲʱһѴһЦմȻϵܣһ𣬺αΪѡ
Ȼˡ
ӰˮһԵزһá
չЦС
ƺԡħʬ챦ϲаʼ
Ⱥ뵽̸н׶Σû֣ҲɢȥͬʱħʬϢҲÿ˵
ҶĿһȺѸһòġ飿
ս˵ˣ֪սˣ᲻֡
Ҷа̾һƺ±øӻˡ

ϳµĹٸȻƫԶȴҲʢ
Ϊĺ֪ϺĿﲻ
ٸ֮ҶͻȻһ£֮ǰѧԺĸ֣ԼǸӣҪԼ鷳Ϊᡰħʬ·ϿвʶʿǱڵĵˣʶ֣ơ
Ϊ飬һ·ϼ˲٣ٸ֮󣬸Ǽֱڽͷ֣֮ǰͰĴӣǽŵĵʿҵ˽ͷϸ첲ȵĵʿʹΧȴûһ˳ְæ
ʮɵĵӱ裬ΧֵȴһЦı飬ƺ˵صĽٶǳڵа
ٸĿջӭɾӡϰȴùΪӭĲʲôˣһȺ˲ˡĹֿ͡
԰һСԺ֮󣬶ʮ˱һ밲ȵסʳûеϰ㣬ԼͳװͷԹԵس
ջ£ƹ񵽵СͲЩ˲ʹǣΪЩϵϢʵ˿־壬Ǿŵ˵оΪġ
Ϊ⣬ʵںõĲˡ
ǰ¥ʱϯȻȫܳܺȵĽ󺺡
ֻ
ЩŹ֡


048 Դ
ҶΪ磬ʶܹһ¥õĽռһС
˼ʳ򵥵ĳԺ
ʱΪƱյڶֻҶܹؿЩ֮ⲻھƣʱʱСԺ񣬸˵һС
ǵĿ꣬ǹˡ
ϢþȻô죿
ֻ¼ƶϢѾС˾֪ˡ
ǵϢԴ

Ҷһ˸뱥
ڴʱԭֲĴãͻȻһƬ֮С
˵Ŀⶼһ˲ˡӭɾӡĴſڡ
Ҷ֮ȥĿһͷҵŮ˽
һһԸеŮӣӯӯ˹̨֮ǰժ¶ң¶һĵӡ
ƹ͵СĿɿڴöһƬʿˮ
һ˵ģһ˾̾ա
֮ϵÿһһֵطջһ˫۾ֱǹǡ
˵ǣĵȻҲ˵ǡ
Ӳ۽ǺǸ΢ЦֻҪ˼ˣ޲У֪
ңһϷһϯƲˡ̴£Ůĵ˵
Сɵ㶵ſˮվƹļʶ㣬˹ȥ˵СһƣǸȻλʵڲɣСѾûϷˡ
з·
ƹԳΪ֮ɫзҲûˣ·ǿ̡ͨ
ν̣ͨʮ˯һĴϣһ²㲻ƽϻ֮סĵطסĶǳʦĳɵ²ӣȲɾҲ˵ĺζԲһǧĵĴסĵط
ž
һֱƹǰŮüһϷȥ취ñóһҲС
⡭ƹһʱΪѡ
ȴŮӺüһкһʱͷһæĿڵУҰԼڳҸȥ
Ůıһţǵû±졭
õġƹı˱һĲζ
ʱѾŮɫ𺳵ˣڴѹЩвٶֵϴҽĺݽɫȻٲ˼ɫļһʱϯһϵĶ۴ЦˣС椣˯ϺķӶүϷͬ˯ɺã

һʱڵһƬЦˡ
Ÿĺúǿʼ˻˵Ǵֱɲ˶ŮĵϷ
ƫƫŮӷŷûһ㣬ˣϸ΢΢һЦ˵Ļȥ
ֳһƬ
ĿλһһɨעӵӶʱ벻ǵķÿ˼ΪעæڳԼ˧ƣǷĹչʾԼͬʱҲԵС
ŮĿɨվȻ˽Ҷϡ
ӽʱʼŮӱȷϹӣÿ˶ɫڻ룬Ψòֻ꣬Ǽ򵥵Ŀһ֮󣬱ͷŷǰһ̻ףҪ
ߡ
ң׼Ʋˣ˹
ԸϣŮӯӯֱ˶һڽҶ
˼Ŀ£ŮӯؽҶ棬һЦҧ촽λӣСŮӿɷ
Ҷ̧ͷԷһЦⲻԼֻνʼ磬ȻﲻѾ㡣
˵꣬ͷĻס
ŮӲΪ֮ᣬҧҧԼôֵͨСŮݣ֪γƺŮԵ֣Ӳ̻Ե֣СŮӻɣ
⻰˵ֱԵˡ
֮ͥ£ȻһҶвз˼˷ܣԸеһ˿ΣС
ڴʱ˿̣ҶѾܵĿеļɱˡ
˵ЦˣƼˮֺ꣬α֪ҶеŮЩµζæС꣬ˡ˵ߡ
ҶһٶŮɫһԹģίߡ
ȺǶʱͬĴ𣬷ҶĮŭ
Ҷδ߳ȥԵϷΪݹĶ۴һԾ𣬴ͬ󺺣ٿȻҶǰűǿףҶλС磬ĺ֪ܰǵֵܣȻλûһӷȡ
ƾԼӣȣ
ҶȻʧЦ
Цݸ𣬶Ķͬȼ̣һȭֱ


049 Ķ
ʱҶǿЦã벻ȻᱻһŮϷǵȲҪ鷳֮С
ʱѾȷŮӾԲʲô֮
ֳпֵȺУ¥ϼ¶۾ѾԴпֵ⣬ƺʶλǧĵŮӡ
ԺΪΪǸԼһ۵ӣһʡȴؿԼƺ֪ԼᱻϷˣ
ʱۼǶ۴󺺵ȭͷǰҶܣӭϣ顱һ˱һȭúɳȥԶҽһֱһߡ
һ£ĵŮӴ㶵ֵĶ۴󺺶ɵؿԼȭͷ
۴󺺵һֵǺȻЦ
ۣϴȭʲôʱôˣ
ΪСôǸ벻Ȼ˰
Ǹ

һȺɽĺúĴָŶ۴󺺴
۴˵Ŀ佱УԵɵɵطӦſȻЦûУҵġɱţȭһȭܴһͷţСʲô
˶ʱһƬĹά˳
Ƕ۴󺺹һЦҶϵҶһۣһתЦŶŮСˣ𣿻ǸӹǽʵȻɫﻶãҲк˼¡
һȺʱ˶ļЦ
ʱ򣬷Ů¶һߵģӭŶ۴󺺵Ŀ⣬ĵô˵λӹǣܹñ⣿
۴ڶԷ֮£ʱͬĹæشչȥ̧Ůӵ°ͣЦ⣬ģ⡭
ŮܻӦ۴󺺹Цɾڶ۴󺺵ִŮӵ°ʱһУ۴󺺷ŷһ㣬ٿȻ֡
ָֻ⣬ͻȻֳһɫӡǣɫת۱㴫˰ֻƣָѾ͵øܲһ㡣
ϴ󡭡¾У׷ǰץ۴󺺵֡
۴ֲɫֻ͵ذγֵԥһ¡
ۡ
ȳѪ۴󺺵ֱԼٿȻնϡ
ֻһأɫѪҺѾذ壬ֻۿɼٶȣڣͬͷһΪѪˮ
۴󺺴ֺ˲òҰס
һ¼֮ŭиֵһָŮСƤҡ
δ䣬һѾϣ˵Ĳҽ˲䴫ջ۵شϷŷһ㣬͵ðỤ̋ȳζƮ磬Ľŵ÷׷˱ܡ
ļҪ֣۴һס£
ŲԼƣҲ۵ͷ󺹣ԼĶ֣һɽѷ飬֪ǡӡݵϣڼʦϣĹҵε³ç
۴һ仰ʱһƬ
ȻλӡĴȴ׹ЧڵϵҶкɣƺδ˵š
ҲӦãЩԶǻ켣ڵֵȻǺڵ·ӣҲǺڵ֪
ۼԺڵֵʶҶҲԼĸɶӹ
ʱǡӡһЦӣһ˫ǵգգôˣ󵱼ңἰʦʲôҸûʲô顣
Ƕ۴󺺺ѷʱɫһףұϾͬʦʥ
ӡ۾һһ˿Ц⸡ֻ֣ǴʱЦⲢĿԵΪݶ
ݶĲЦݣ۾һ֡
ݶߡ
âзɳǶ˵ҲŮһڿзڡ
һ䣬ҽ
˺ѷ֮⣬Ե󺺣˵ϣʹİ¥һᣬȳζһϢ
ѷѾ޷ԼĿ־塣
ޱ˸ʥӡҧݺݵ˵׳ʿҿԷһԼȡģǵùʦ޹ء
Էϲŭ޳㽫ѷųû뵽ԷɱԼ֮󣬾ȻԸŹԼݺݵسԼһͣʣϷߣ
죬˸ɰı飬ô㲻ߣ
ѷ֣ߣߣ
ȵȣںѷŵƨתӵʱ򣬷һǲǻ˵ʲô
ʲʲôѷȻ⡣
ЦЦָָ۾˵Լ顯ġ
ѷ˲㶣ŲȻһЦԣԵģ飬˵㻰
ӽĵص˵ͷ
Ƕĺѷһ繳ٿȻһժ
ҽУѷԼһֻۣӲؿ˳ƾżڷӸǰϡ
֮ڣ˶ǰһĻ𺳵˵

ΨзӵĽĵЦÿ˵
ѷлﲻɱ֮
ĺѷ˻лҲ֪۾ֶǷǳصײײ߳ӭɾӡĴá
ӷκؽЦͣ欵Ц˵ĲˣֻǴʱĴ֮Уһ˸Ӧԣ˶֪Ů˲ǸһǸɱ˲գ۵Ķħ
֪λӣԸ뱾ﹲɽأ˸õչ¶ţֻתͷʱ΢΢һ㶣ԭڵϵǸɶ֪꣬ʲôʱûټ
¶Ȼֱ䣬ĴѰң䲻һķҵĿͬ˵СʢȴֵһΣ
Ӵʱɫһ䣬еĽҲһɫŵһ
ĿһɨТӣվ¡


050 
ĵӣлᦵǡꡱ٣ſɥǡʢֵܶ˱Ϊɽ˫
˶һڽ߶ʶʶֵܶ˵Ĳ࣬벻ǰӡȴϵǡ
΢΢һЦ˵ԭǸҲһ׷󣿿ǾͿǸˣҪﳬֵұֵܶˣΣ
ء
˫һ𷢳}ˡſǻĹŹЦ
ꡱٵ㻹ױ
ʢ޸ܣ
ء
һ䣬Ƕޣһʱڳ˶һ书΢֮˸ͷ͡Ż
ɽõģǹšϧ˹Ǹʹֻ»Ҫ
üͷ壬ЩҲռұˣΣ
𣿡
һſ޲ѣһ潫лͬһػӶֻ֮䣬һɿҵХǰη׷ѣһԣӵҲ紵ýϣԳϸȳģһԸġ
æתֵ֮ʱꡱлһһһӵͷ䣡
ͬһʱʢҲֽһɥһƬɫӰвֱ
޺Ŷ糹ǡ
ԱΧ۵Ľһܵı飬ھеķӸʹˡ
ģǷӲûżһЦһһӲӵľŽڱޣǺһһ⣬һһܿɥ˾Ȼͬһл¼
һ˦ٵұۣ
һУǱ仯٣ңṦ֮ѣ֮ʵ
ڵĹڶʱкã֮ϵҶиǾһһ˵֡衱Ϸɣ
Ůݣѵǵ걻Ϸʦšʮĩƣ
ǸСǴ˵䷢Ϊᣬ桱
ѵˣ
ṦƵɣڣ硰ӥչ۷ɣʥ޼ҶṦĴҡ
۵ܹŮо˾ָ߳ģ֮ΨС衱Ϸɵġ졿˾
⼸֮¡
Ҷھ׸̨ͨϷɽ֣Ȼϵ˫ʶԷһʹ˳
ȻԷ⽫ЩĶڣȫסҶȽ֡
衱Ϸʮڶλ󲿷ԭ겻Ը˽֣ǸŮˣռݶĽӣʵϣ书뻯ô򵥡
Ϸʮ׷᡿Ṧ졿ԼʮСˡɢֻ֣оŽ޵ʽʽ֪ͽõϷɵ߳洫Ƿȱֻǻ͹ˡ
ݴƵϷɵܾԷĶ͢ףһ֮ΪᣬֵΪڣΪνһŮ˸еȫһ
ϰϷ˾ɷ򣬷гʦŵͽƴͣΪȾɸҶʦͽԸǡǡȫ෴
˵ķ˹󵼡
ܹӰ쵽һλֵֻǼµıݷͬСɡ
ҶڷϺ˼룬ʱµĽѵ˰Ȼĵز
ֻһޣҫȻʢһƿ
˲ĹΧֽһС
ɥһУδջ֮ʣһһ޲ƣʱɥβס
ʢɥҲǾִ͡
иղһʢͻȻϼһʢ˴ǰһ
˱úܽǰһʢտտѪɫףʱ͵ǰ
кɫһֻּһâֱʢ۾
ƶŰǧ롿
ϵѧţС衱Ϸɵĵӣ֮ĵĶӣҲǳص
ЦȻʢǰյĽ಻䣬ȴȼһɴźɫ𣬶Ƶǰֱץ
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ƲƶԷѧ֣ͬʱжʱһŻ֮У֡ǧ롿ֱһٿȻƮɣͬʱһŽ޵һڣ壬ƿأ۷ɣٿȻʢǰ
Ϸɡʮ׷᡿ľ֡
ʮ׷᡿һޣֿʮöɷֿƵĶܹͻޣƺֻܿƾŽڰ


051 Ѫ־
ӭڣʢЦһƮ䣬Ϣת˲㵽ˡӡƵı
ɥ𣬶ͷ䣡
һߣٿȻһ㲻ԷĻһϮ࣡һ죬еľŽڱ޾Ȼٴѷһڣڼľϣʢؿڣͬʱƽһ֮֮βݺݶʢڡ
ƿһЦΪ⡣

ʱһٵлȻֵΪʢʶûȫÿһͷ㷢õͻȻһ˵㷢Ȼͬñһ˳ȥ¶һСͷ

ֳʿʱһƬ֮
ҶǻȻԭƴһٷֲ糣һ㣬ҴԹȻ飬СƤȻȳҵá
㷢ɣ¶漣һûͻȻԱӦ˵ʢͻȻһЦٿȻһͦ޵һڣ
࣡
һ죬öѾԷؿڵڣȻһӲƵĿڵ
һ£ڣȴŻڳĲ
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ȺۿòԣɵöԹжϣʶ
˽ֵҶȴ֪Էһֻ񹦣ܹͬʬһ㣬˵ıüסһģҲп޹
Źǡʬʢٶ츳Ȼ丸аŹ
ɽ˫һֶʱƴһھֻؿԼö˹Ѿ
ʱͻȻǰ׹һݡ

䲻ݷ֮ʣͻȻһһʱö䡣
׹أһתһȻһ״ɵס
ʮ֮İȻܹ׼ȷڣ֧֮׾Ȼ˿ֶʱڳһƬ
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ɶ˫ŸոأͻȻǼзɳˣɽ˫ԶԺһƣȻУɽ˫䣬һŵı飬㶵ؿͬڶĶˡ
һİ£һİ׷һİɫƤ
˰׻һ˫̥ôֱ㶵صŶɽ˫
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Ҷ΢΢һ㶣Ȼֵ֣ܳѵֵս
ǡ˭ɽ˫ûڽͬĶ֣ҲˣͬҲ˫ֻ̥ԷǲҰ׵ףԼܲࡣ
ġ
顣
˸Իش
ֳһƬ֮
ֳʵ̫˼ˣϷŵĹ̥ݣ˫̥֪˭
ʢһӿɥЦ벻ϻѧǸļٻ
ǾǸܰɡٽӵ
ɽ˫һʱҪ֣䲻һ𣬵ס֣񣡡
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ǸɭɭĴ磬Ȼվڴߴһ֮ϣ¥İʥսʹǰҪϷ֣˵ɣ
սӴڴǰˣ֮£ֻɶҵһѣʶò֡
ŶѣĲʵ
벻ʱơޡһĿתµ˵˵ĸѣ
սһ̾ƶҶһƬģι
ôŮ˵𣿡ĿԲɣȥЩǧ˳ðɡ
ˣȻȻԴס
ҶŹ֣ǵ黰ȴǷز
ҶǲǷ곡Ϸ㲻ϲҰǶǰһһɱˣΣ
ģһʱնЦҪ˵㻰

һЦɭɭٴ𣬵ȻٳΣϷ㲻ˡ

һתʧ
ɽ˫ֵܻһۣͬձ
ɢˣɢˡ
ϰ壬ˣ
ط˯ȥඡ

ʵû˼ս˵ĹѪ־磬ת֮䣬õֺǶɢ˸һɶ


052 ҹɱ
װ˻ҶȻҲòͬǵϿɣҵ𾴶ò
ӵĴۣҶȴֻ˯ڿⷿôǶһޱ
ֱӰޱһԣҶջȻΪ˴ֵġ
ƿⷿĴҶһ̣˷֮ϡ
ҹǣҲûа˱ҶſڷֻʶһɨͷֹСԺΧа˸־ĿӣȻЩӸֵĽ

һҽһ֪ڵĸɽͷĺúӲٳһӣ˴ӵ˴ϡ
ҶҡͷʧЦϣǲʲôڴˡ
߰ߣҶһϻЩƻ𣬱Ʈ˹ȥ
ÿжеҹҵΪĳиˡ
ٸҲˡ
Ҷҹĵطǹٸмҹ֮һ
䣬ֻȺۼڼС̯λǰȾ졣
ҶɨһۣŲɵһЦһС̯λ˹ȥ
ڵͷ⽡
޴Ͱһˮ⽣һ˸ּһʲ
⽵ģǵײҶĴӣһԳ⽵ģѧԺһеɹҶ꣬һڵģȴͷĽѵ
ҶһƨڴǰĿλ¡
ԣ
ԡ
ԷʣҶ
ޱ飬̴ֵָɱ仯Ƥڰɾ⽣ʮֱӶ֮С
ԭͰװЩһҶ˿ЦһΪֻſͰʹء
ǳԷļһë˲޽䱸شʲôʱ򣬾ʲô
ء
һߣ֮ǰһŭ꣬ͻȻشøӲҪҪġ
ӹӵľ⽣ҶȆһͬʱʵǳһ
һԣͳһ˺̴мصһЩճé®СӣΪʲôҪôӣҪôŮӡ
ҶһЦ˳ͺܴţͷ治⽸Ǿˡר˵㵱ɱָ׬Ǯ
ԱߵޱӣҶ֪Ϊʲôǳʳ
оһȻܶ˶ϳҡ⽺ݣܶҲΪ࣬ʹû
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겻ҶĶʦַңαװһɱ֣Ϊ̽ѪɷϢ˶ԺڵɱһУ΢˽⡣
¼ĸʵϸΪ֣ǡ񡱺͡ؾ񡱣֮⣬ֵġǱܷ񡱣Ů񡱣Ŵɰ񡱣ְ񡱡
Щ棬صĻһɱֽġѪ񡱡
ĴѶȵȵϵļɱ֡
һֱһĵȻǺųơµһɱ֡˾ռеġ޳ʥȵȡ
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˵ȵʵЩԩϾѪɷλ֮Ľܳɱֻ֣ڱѪɷѹţûͻԳ
Ѫɷ֮󣬽ٲ׷ɱеΪǰĺͤȻôǮߡȴѰǡúͤͽôһһ
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ֻһ£ʱá⽺ͤ˵˾ռ֮⣬˿õɱˡ
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ҶڳԵ⽣Ҳȵһβʣ˸ãЦʵζʲôط𣿡
ͤǺһЦƳҶһۣطܼ򵥣С
Ҷɫʱѿ㵱³
ͤʺЦøӲˡ

ڴʱһҽУҹд˳
ֻһβҽķ򣬲ǹڵĺԺһ
֮⣬Ҫǣǲҽе˶졣

һ˲䣬ڳˣҶڣȫʧͽʢ̿Ź
ӰɣԽС֮󣬼ӰͬʱһƫƧСԺ֮С
Ҷʵ󼸸λصʱ򣬺ͤѧԺĸ֣Ѿ˵ء
ոջޱӵ꣬ŭҶһۣתͷɱֳ
Щ̯ϵ֮⣬ƿգ˼Ӱ
ʢ٣겻ɢδ˵صؿ޸ͣ


053 ¶
Щᡣ֮ǰޱӵ˷һȴԱߵͬק
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ɽ˫ԷһЦˣˣʲôСҿ㵱ͷʡ
˵ӰƮХת˲ѳ֡
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׵ָֻδ˵껰ԷĿɥлᦱѾҵͷ
οЦ䱦һͬӭ˫ıУֻһ֮䣬羡磬ѧԺĶ˱һ֮ɳȥɾ룬غĲѣǿסΣ˲ɵɫ䡣
ɱ㣡
Ƿǵʱͬʱ˫ֻǵûη壬ذγԶϡ
ʦܣҪ

λʦִʧɫ
Ц֮䣬ʢչһΪһƬ̣һʱգδջرҼͬʱһ˫־ʹȻ˫ͬʱס˼米
֣֡ʱŭɶȻɲ֪ƿڴɽ˫֪˭֪ҵ˭𣿡
ɽ˫һۣЦӣҹ˭үү˺
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Ҫ
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˵꣬湫һףȻšϵһӡ֮Ƶԡ
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ѧԺĵͬǰ
ȻȥˡԵһۣɽ˫ȴɱּѵķȡ
λϾĴӣѧԺɾ֣˵븡һ˿̿֡
ҶȻϤ벻嶼һ֮󣬾Ȼڴ˵
Ǹĵܵ
֪ܣ׵ܵܡ
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һСٹⲻ
˺ˣͲ˧ˣʢ̵ͬص
һ㶣벻ԷȻôԼӣʱɫһֽȡৡһգģ壬һ㡣
ءšһĿһƮѧԺæˡ
Զɽ˫˫սһ
ɾʱȴԱһߣͲ͵ġͤȵСҪܣ͸ҹһȥ
ɫһ䣬Ҫ˵һɽ˫Хһ˫
ͤûͰ˫һӣŻӰͬʱһƣȻУɽ˫ͬɵڵ˲䱻ķ˳ȥ
һ֣ʱڳסɫ粻Աߵȴǵͺһ
ɽ֡
¶һ˿ɻæһ
ʱǰһ񣬹ԭǡǰڴˣ
ЩҸŲһ·ӡͤһ֣϶ԷĻͷĿɨһۣͬʱһָϵʬף˾֪¶ݣȴ˵Ϊζˣ
飬飡
죬ʢײԺǽͷس˽ɾ룬ͤңңԡ
ͤҲһۣȵСӣҪ־ҪǲҶ֣ʵĴš
ɽ˫ɫ䣬վûг֡
ʱڳˣźͤĿ⣬תװֳһʬϡ
ʬԱߣҶѶ׷ڵأϸֽع۲š


054 װֳ
źͤľٶ˵ĿⶼͶܺߣҲͶܺ߸ǰҶ
λ̨ʲôˣǰһʣôͬǰҶ
δ䣬䲻һԵĺͤϵ˭
Զʱɫһͤ仰ʵԲǳмʬǸƽˣӵĸоԷŭ
ⲻ˶ϳҶ֮ǰƵϷɽɥĵùֻǴ벻ѪɱֵĺͤȻʵΪò
ʶҶһҶϵá
ԾԲ졣
˵ˣʲôӣԵĵܵٴγںʣ˺ݺݵһۣȻҲԡ
˭ͤʡ
ҶվӰ硣

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ۣǸմĸɽ𣿡ȺУһżὣʧЦ
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Ϊ˿ʵǶô˾书
ˡҶ˿ʵ壬õֻ˵һ㡪Էģһֿγ˿ͷŵа书书ʳྫѪϲЩʳѪʩ߱
Ҷ̧ͷ˵ڳ˶־һ仰
һųԽħԽ־Ѫȫתͻħ

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ʱ˿̣װֳΧ뵽˶ʮҶĹȰߣӰ׷ףֳ
ͤ˸ƣ˵ǣҲȥĻȰĹ
ɽ˫ߡ
ͤһ㶣ҶӴЦ
ߡ⽣ͤһ֣Ȼȥ
̫ˡҶЦ׷ϡ
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ԿŵϵĸʬһͷŵܵܣŭóµĲ㡭ߣ
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ҹ紵ĸʬ˫ŭգŷеĲʣŭʲһ
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һӿȸ˳ʵ˸˵˭
ȸż÷գ΢΢һЦϾܼˡ


055 ƾֽ
һִ̯λǰҴҶ
ͷǸ׶ͺͷ󺺣Ѵ󸫣ܻıװֳķȥ
ͤ¯Ļ̿ͷҲ̧ص㿴ʬˡ
Ҷͺͷһۣʵͷʲôˣ
𻨴Ǯ͵ıڣٵظ밢
͡
Ҷһʱ̲סЦλǡ츫ϾɵԵ𣿾ȻԼȡ˸ٵظźš
ͤޱϣԵܣʦܡѰ師ɲǰ衣ֻϾʦܣԽе⣬ôõʦֲȥͶƫƫǸȥģִ˲ƣ
Ҷ̾ϢһϾɡϧˡλʦҲңĴ֣һʦֵܣͬϲáˣиһֱ֪

Щڵѣյʲôܹǧ֮׷ģ
ͤҶ΢΢һЦڵȻкڵϢԴڵҲкڵĹءǮϢûûóȥ
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˴Ļҡ⽺ƣֽͤؽһʰ̯ͣλĸƷȻ޴Ͱ֮Уһ
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ͤûص㲻ܶҴȥˣɣҲպиҪ

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ҶھŲʣͤȥˣȻ֮ǰᵽģܹΪ˽ġͨү
ͤһ¥սǵǽϣһͼȻ庬壬ҶҲ֪֣¥ʲôʱʲôˡ
ͼĺ֣ͤˣʣµʱǵȴˡ
һȣȻֱȵʱ֡
Ҷźͤ¥֮Уˮ˲֪ٺһֱԵ緹ʱ䡣
ҶûоòͷԽ
˵¥ռ鱨ѵص㣬һˡ
ÿӼһҶͤͬʱӶ¥Ĵ·ֵȥĽͷֲٽ
صͷӽͷһž޴ͷӣһȳȵգһֻһֻ۾ҶЦΣɽҲˡ
ͤƳһۣߵ϶ļҲǳǬæ̫׽ڵϾˣǲеڴ
ʶһս׵ʮɣܾ޴㶼ǽɽţϢֱɸֲ뽭Ҳʱ𣬺ڵŻԽԽʢ
ָָͤһ򣬵ħʬħȻħͷˡ
Ҷ˳ƿȥһͺĺ۴󺺣Ⱥһţǲɵ΢΢һ૵
ͤؿҶһۣС۽磬ȻϳҶݣΪ桭


056 ͨү
ҶһЦֻ̲סˣһΪ㲻ء
ͤǺһЦ˵ǲܵģֵֻܲˣʶʡ㲻شҲش𡣡
кġҶЦŵʵǡ
ҶµĻһߣֱӴͤĶڡ
ͤʺ̼ôһԭ㣿ֲãֲáҲˣֲû˵á
Ҷǫõع˹֣ƳһۣȴǾһǸˡǡ
ͤתͷȥֻβһȫںɫеӰһζ֮Уľ޴ˮףӡΪ̡
ôҶϵܼˣ
ҶҡҡͷӰΪϤ֪ΪΣоȴȫԣһˡ
ͤʼ򣬱ʾĪ
ʱ¥´һ죬ࡣ
ͷȥֻһͷ綷٪ˣԴһС裬һͷӣҡҡλε߹¥ĸ߶ȣһɹɾŷ˸ոմӾƸһ㣬һԶҲѵģ
ҶЦˡ
ûʲô֪˿ĵ顣
ģôȤͷӡ

ҶλͷкøУֱʵ޼һڵصȹͣҲʶһսͱħŵѣս
벻²ͷȻ
ֻҶû뵽ǣʶԱߵĺͤҲʶ
󣡡ͤ˰ֵ
һ̧ͷһЦʺ
ƿҲʲôֻһӴֱӷ˽ͷӾȻÿԼߵһԵǳ˵ȡ
˦ֶһӣпǵĻƺףСһ±ƣǿ԰͵ӡ
ǻƺõþˡ
ҶڿһЦͷӵԼʦͷ¿еһˡ
ָͤЦòôʼˣɲķ񰡡
б۾һۣһȾƵѣѾûˣҲԼȾƣѵܽ
ͤʱʶһսȷʶɥܵİ޼Ҳһȡ
뵽Ĵɵһ̾Ϣ
תͷԱߵҶһۣΪƤߣûеһʱϳƲʵС˭ôͷԵģĶѪûУ
̲ͤסЦô㲻ϵã
´Ҷһۣžȵѵӣ
ҶЦǰſڱտڵİռ˱ˣүүǺܳԿġ
ҶûɤֻһڣԭббʱɵԲԺߵСӶ㶶ñֱ٣Сӡ
үȻ󲻼ѣԴȴҶʹһǵͣȻйĿı죬ȻҲ
֪ǵôһЦǺǵذ֣ҪҪˡ
̲ͤסЦֺȣûѹ
ûСĻشܸɴ࣬Ǭ󣬺³ΪʲôҪѣ
ͤЦʵ첻УԼˡ
ʵԼҲȾƳԷʲô⽺ӣ
ͨүͤɫأ˵
ɶǡֵһ㶣գգ۾ӿڵɵúˡҲԼǲģǻط

ͤؿǰӣ겻̻Ҳ֪Ƿء
Ҷͺͤ˳벻յĿľȻôһط
ǹٸƶߣһƾԱߵķլ֮С
ͨүôܣ
һӣߵҸͨүʶˣÿμ棬ȲСڵĵطָͨүΣǲҲΣ
ͤü˵ĵʵ
ûʲôʲôʲôӡЦǺǵҶϤĶݣ˴ָҶ˷ۣݹȥһƱ
˵ֱӶӣʵͨүǲ棿
ֵͰʹôСˣҲڵϲܽȥŪǴԿǻῨڶڣʵͨү档
ʵôĻ䣬ȻһߣһͳɳƵд˳ЩϻڣȥӣҲǸ⣬ˡ

û
ҶһۣǮ治ֵҶʶͨȻľ쵽˵ĺ
ͤһʱ֣ȻͨүûƭǡǮ֮ǰöӣһε⣬ɲҪ״ˮƯ


057 
ߺߵض˶С裬б۾ʵ׼ʡ
ã˵ͤǰһȥһƱʵͨүħʥʲôط
ڵĵطͨүɳɤͣΨһ֪Ϥ֮˱ǼƶҵƶҵħʥأҲҵȥԿףֻͽ͡
ͤһ㶣ʲô𰸣
׼𰸡ͨү
ͤΪ֮ᣬҵȻ֪ƶ֪ʥڣⲻ𣿡
ʵĴ⡣ͨүܻ⣬ȻֵֻĴ𰸣ѵΪҵħʥأδҲ̫˰ɡ
˵ҲǡͤЩЦá
ԱҶ̲סЦøԩǲͨүʲô⣬ó
ϻͤûĵôȥ
ҲֵҶЦ
ٺһЦȻʲôҪӡ
Ҷô֪ͨүüٻң
̾˿һԸһԸлɣͱʰ
ҶƲƲ죬ûˡ
ͤҶ̾Ϣʲô鱨ʱòףɻ֪ĸϸ֪ĸ࣬ǵ;˵ҲùãȻ
һ˵ţͤͳһƱ˽ȥʵѰҼƶĸ֣˵ȽֵĶ˭
Ǹ⡣
Ȼȡƶ鱨ȻҪֶ֪˭ǰ÷뵽Ըķ
ͨүһң⻹ǸͶȡ⣬һ仰ȴҪһһ㱨㣬νһǿԸ㡭
һĸ֣ͤͷģħžڵġȸͼޣɽϡ׿ƵҲڸ·ϣ㲻õģ׿С鷳һʱ޷ϵսԣԼǱ໪۾ˡ
Щͤʵ
ͨүû˵
ͤţֵݽȥһƱе㲻صˣһ𰸷λش𡭡
⣬Ĵ𰸡ߵĴ𰸣ļֵˡͨүŹֵһЦŵͲǱЩôˡǧעһˣһŴ׵ĺˡǰߵͤͷ˱֤ͷĻᶼûУΪӴԺûԴˡ
𰸶ʱһ
ܹúͤԴҵĸ֣ѵ֣ҪֻҪΣա
Ժ֣ͤ־ذܣҲûһս֮´򲻹Ҳлġ
ἰˣͨүΪ϶Ȼú֮ͤܡ
һ㣬ϸ˼֡
һôǰᣬͤԱܴһʱ䡣
ͤԲٷʣʼ磬ûеĻǾ߰ɡ
⡣ҶٺһЦǰǧƱ
һ٣ǲǮġ
Ҿ
ԡ
Ҷ룬ʵȸˣҵ
ȸн񱣬Ȼסջ֪λãȥҹٸˣ˭µԺӣ˭ȫµļҾߺͱ졭
Ҷ΢΢һЦһţԺӣ²ãȷǿȸķ
ãڶ⡣
ʡ
Ҷһ࣬ʵ˭Ѽƶ͡ħʬϢɢȥġ

һͨүͣ٣ͺͤҲһĿɿڴ
⣬⡭ôᡭ
ô֪Ҷ΢΢һЦҲǸ⣬شȴշѡܼ򵥣ûκһֿԱ֤һٷУʧʱ򣬶Ψһһ⣬֪ʲô𣿡
ʲô
˶쳤˲ӣȴ𰸡
Ҷ¶һ˿ЦǾ󻭰ӡ
ͤĿɿڴɫŹ֡
ҶˣЩҲˡͨүҪԶܹ⣬ֶǾ׵Ĵ⣬ǲд𰸣ȻƳ⡭
ͨүþò̾Ϣһϣдˡһλ
˴˱˴ˡҶЦ¶ֵӰʵ̫شɲҲ롣
ûлͨүƺԥһ£Żˣ˵Ҳ޷ܸҵˣǡ
Ҷ䲻һĵ
Ҷһ͵뵽׿еֵֻѡ
ڵͬʱҶվݶϻĿĹˣȴκӰոյĵŷһξҶƺˡ
ڴʱȴµͻȻһУѽá


058 ô
ҶһȻ¡

ͤһӣשɣֱӽǶѨ˿
Сӵ澹Ȼؽһ㣬õдΣͨͨһвٴ
Ȼ˵жһסϸʮ²ó
˾ȵģȻǴʱġͨүſڵϣһ
ʧǰҪᶯʬ壬ȴͤһѳסȵҶҪ
Ҷһ֣ͨүʬ屻˹һɫϸСٿȻֱܳҶ

һ죬ҶָһһöͭǮֱӽС˳ȥζ˵ϣǰϸ۲֮ʣǳС͵һȻذϵͭǮ¼öƬ˳ͨڴ˳ȥ
ҶӦȻߡ
ʲôߣȻ˼ͣҶ棬̲ס
ͤصȱˣ˻ûоȣ
ҶæתĿһʮĸɰСͷʱѾڣ֪
Ȼ˾綾
ҶָһᴥԷľ࣬һ˿ɫ΢΢һ̾Ѿˣ
ͨ
һԵһƨڵϣ˫۷־Ĺâ촽ͣ䶯մһΪʲôôᣬôᡭ
ҶζȥƺܴӶԷϿʲôһ㡣
ͤ̾˿ǰοʶͨүɣ벻˼⣬ȻáͨүɥȪܸǲ罫˰ɡ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ˣˡ޽˫ͤһӾҪݣסʬ壬͵شȵ񣬾Բ񡭡
ͤһ㶣ΪΣ
ҶһԷķӦƺеĳжϸȷ
ҡҡͷȻǾ˼֪ˡˣ˼ʬ壬˵Ϊ˻ţ˵ȥҡͨү
ʲôͤ˷Ѿˣܻû
ҶһʧЦǰ˼ǡΪͨүˣûˡ
һ˵
ͤҡͷһǲףԽ˵ԽͿ
Ҷ΢΢һЦȻͨүˣȻҡͨү鷳˼֪ͨүû߷֡ͨүˡ
ʱͤһʲôǡͨүô֪
Ϊˣ书һǸư͡ҶЦǺǵһ仰ʱúͤ˴㶣Աߵ亹ֱð
ҶתѪɫողʱұ㷢֣˵ĺλһƬİ̺ۣһ̽飬ѷֶԷʺλļήԣʺλܹˣʹɥʧ˵
ͤһŵı飬ôܣڽ
Щ˻ڼǸǱ˵ҲмŹ翣﷢
Ҷʩչѻ꡿ͤĿɿڴؿҶſ˵ƫƫ⴫ƮƮ֪η
⣬⡭ͤԽʱҳһţġͨүǸղ롮ͨү˵˵ͨүڸ
Ҷ͵ص˵ͷ
ͤ㶵ɨҶٿȻ㡭
ҧҧ촽ޱصҾǡͨүң¸ռ鱨ĳʷֻ鷳ʶûж
仰ͤ㶵
ʮ꽻飬Ȼ֪ѵʵݡ
һ̫̾أ֪ĲˡֲҪ
ǡͤʵ
ҴѰҪģһǮֻſﲻһ׬
ֻгкȵشϼ죬һ׬ȷǸΪһӶǾ̫ˡ
¶ԷֻǸҪġ
ʲôɱ㣿Ҷ׷ʣ˵ɢħʬϢˣ˭
ͤü㻳ɢϢҪɱڣ
ܡܡɫ԰ףϵϢǸˣԲẦңҪɱҡңἰ£ֻΪĺӰȥѽˣ̫̰ƣŻὫϢȥ
Ҷء
ԽǲܵԽпܾԪס
˭˭Ҷ׷ʡ
ĿɨͤҶϣһҧ£ʦ

زǺͤҶҲȫɵˡ
ʦ
ĸֵķ
ôء
ʱҶȫ˻֮С


059 
˵ʦֵʱҶ֪ȫжˡ
ЦҶȥ˵ʦΨ²ңɢħʬϢ֤һʱͻΪЦ˵ʧķ趼ģŪ룬ָģΪĹС
벻ֻ̫ͨ࣬в룬ԽԽңҲ粻ȥ롣
һҶԭ
Ȼ룬·ǿоĳһˣ˫Ⱥ껹ƻȶ߻ݶ۾ڶ
ֻҪлᣬҪٴޱߵľκˣ
˭ؽƽģµĶ֡
һ˲ûס
ͤΧֹٴα˰㡣
Ȼ֪ͨүʶûɱֳ֡
Ҳо˭ˡ
Ҷʱ䣬̽һˡ
Ҷȸʱ򣬲ɵٴθ̾ܡ
ԭ֪ǺģԺ䣬ʱѾüΪš
ƬƬ񣬵÷
ʯʯʣɢڻһ֮¡
һ´éСͤζéݵ棬ԺǽٵéݣȻҶطŸõĴС
øĵڡ
Ҫģ֪ľȫ¸ǵģҶȻЩϿµĺۼҺ·ݵǹζ
ԭطˡҶʧЦ
ȸͷҲ̧غһ裬ΨһԭͷϵŴҲΪŴҲ
ʯϳ»ۣҶɵЩ
¶ζʯۺľ۵ζȸ˵ڰ֮ϣһЩù۵Ժ䡣Ҳһ˹һУ°װģֻ϶µġ
ҶҡͷʧЦƷζTMD󡣡
ȸ̧ͷؿҶһۣ㷸Ϊգ
óҶʯϣǰһ
ȸЦ
Ҷһ䣬ԭг̱ƣ벻Ȼôһ¡һתҶʣûߣǲǸйأ
ᴫ毺õĻŵ¯һԣĿҶƳɫ΢΢һ죬æſȸ˸Ʋ׼ˡ
áȸȻ𣬵Ȼϯ˵

ССé֮ͤڣѰںĵӣĵСˣаɫơ
һѬ㡢һѬѼһˮһСն졢һƤһ¿һǴСĺ⡢һʷʵ᳦иնĻͷ
Ҷʳָ󶯣ɻʵٻȲǳô쿪ˣ
ȸѰȻϯԵٻȴӲأֻŮӾӶ࣬ϲʳЩСˣǳΪġ
ҶһЦһЩһ߳һ͵ţţȻζ˫治֪Ժ˭Ȣš
ԱʱǵôæҶ羻˵ȥþơ
˵С¹һæߡ
ԶȥıӰҶͿȸжһ˿ϧ

˲һ̾ŶƬ̣ʧЦ
Ҷſȸ˹֣ų˿ģҪлǰˡ
ȸƳҶһۣǳ׾˾ˣһ⣬ҵȻҪԵˡϧ
ϧʲôҶһˮ򣬳Ե
ϧ˾ˣվ޷չһӡ
ȿȿȡ
ҶŵǺסæֵססȸǰǧ˵ʲô˼Ȼĺи֮Ļ̫ˣ
ȸüͷһ壬ʵΪʲôԣ
Ϊϲ˰Ҷ
÷ѩȸ˵ͷ⡣Ӧò⡭
ҽ⡣ҶȸǰΪ˳ԸˣΪ˸򸾱ҲԸµİ׵һоԲΪϲһֱҵããԼҵˡָ顭޷Ҳû취תΪ飡
ॣ
һ䣬ԱͻȻһ춯
ٿȻͷȴɫ԰ףվͤ⡣
Σ
ġΡдҶϡ
Ҷæվ޴صԲ㲻ãҡ
磬㲻Ҫ˵ˡͻչһЦҵĸ飬ҶҲ˵ġ
˵תȸͨһڵأŵöֱ
ʲôȸɫһ䣬ǳվ
˾˴Ӵ˲Ҫ¡ִֵصǰѾģǲΪﱨ𣬳һˣ
㡭ȸ÷𣬡ž˳һǶ⣬ŭĳҲұ֤ܱˣƾ㣿һӱ˳𣬾һӹϵ𣿡
Ըһԡ
ˣ֪𣿡
ҧ飬ֵԸһ
㡭ȸüëһ˦Ҫٴ
Ҷæǰǰǰ顭
ȸ͵һ˦֣Ҷ
Ҷʱһ㶡ǰǺαء


ȸһ˦ּӾƲȫЯһƥİֱҶ
ʢŭ֮£ȸ־Ǻ顣
ҶҲŵ÷ˡ
һתҶȫʩչ貨΢ڼ䲻ݷ֮ʣ㿪ЩҪġ
ȸմ˿ѾȻּ䣬Ҫٴγ֡
˾ˡ
һһѳסȸȡ
ȸһȫվס΢΢Լ
ǰҡҶһʱ֪Ǻá
ŷڴʱ˿̣ȸϾħϲŭ޳Ƣ˵ͱ䡭
߰ɣȸתҶɤгƣҪҿ㣬ҵĳҲ޹ءҪٳڳǰ


060 ˾
Ҷ֪ôһ졣
Լĸ飬һֻһֱرܣ֮ȥʾԼʵ뷨ûϵһλǿȸ£һʱЩֲҲӼᶨԼ뷨ӶֱӾܾ
ֻûϵȸķӦôҡ
һʧȥе˵ǾຣΨһ;Լ̬ȣǲ̵ġ
ϲϲϲǲϲҶΪ˭Ϊ֮Э
֮Ҷʵһɵġ
ֻǿϧӿȸõһħŵϢԸɿա
ô˵ħ༸ڵĵжý
ħžڣƵħţѾȫ߽⣬ڵĶ㣬ֱӱƵг룬ѪĪ֪ͬٲڵľѾ嶼
ܹٴеģֻڵļޣڵڵĿȸо໪۾
챦ͭʯ߲ͨ赡ԼħʬȫΧһռܣǾǡա
ħʬħ˵ӰԶʿ
һĽңΧšħʬչôħŶ
뼰ʦͻȻ֡ѵıʿӰӣ
Ҷ˼ңȥ̸һɴҴҵĲδ߼ٴλͣ
Ϊʱˊš

һ˫ĿҶɨΣҶ޴룬쳣
һЦ˳ҶһۣЦСŮֻǿ㼸ۣԶҶ˾ִ٣뵽ǰĴ⡢δʧЩء
ҶȻһЦܷǸģҶĳˣ׿󡣊Īִˡ
ҶĻ棬Žε°ͣϸҶûпҶֵȻ棬㵱˧췲ΪǸһӣֱ֪˧췲Ҷ
Ԋһ˫ĿҶǻڣԣεӴӦòΪȡЦҶĳİɣ
ٴκҶһۣһ̾ȻǡǷʦ֮̽׿Ǽϸġû뵽ܹҶ֣ҲСöҶһ֮
Ҷ˿ЦȻֻҪһ׿Ϣ֤һʱ֪ͨ󡭡ţ˵ĿǷǸ󣿡
ҶͻȻһ٣ɻʵɲǡ
Ϊ׿ľٶǸеһǧɣѲȻɵĵλɣΪֹС
ҶУǸɢŴʱ˵ʦţԲɡ
ŵһЦǸǧĻۣһһϦͻٵģʷϣǸΣʮΣճʱģҲΣǸܹΪ׵Ȼɣ˵ġ
ҶɵɫһЦ˵ʶϣҷǸǶй׵ģʶһսԲȡöħŵѹʤ׿ݣҲпܲᱩ¶
˻Ҷü
ŵѵҶֵʱû˿ĳЩóֵˣȴûг֣Ƶ׿Գ֣¶ݡ
Ҷ䣬ʱ׿ƿݵʱȻ׼Ҳȷû̫Ҫܼ֮Уð׵ɱƵУеӰӾˡ
׿󲻵ò֣ΪѾûп֮ˡ
ǡ
ҶȻ뵽ԼڷǸ·ֲɽڣȷǸܵл޵Ϣǰ벽񻰵ľ֣²ǾĹΪ·δ˪ֱҲ˳֡
ѵ˵ģ£
Ҷ۾һδ˵Ѿ΢΢һЦĿʵ뵽ˣ
Ҷ˵ͷʵ˭ֹģ
ʦ桭ŵܾǰʦЩ׿Ϊֻǰ棬ûи׿ĸּƻ
Դ·δ˪֮׿ȻٴμΪķŭЯšλǰɽͼɱ׵Ȼ֮սʱʦĲ
ͷʦԳֹλǰ׿Ϊǰγ֣й¶ݡҶ֣˵飬ǲǷǷǸأ


061 Ⱥħ
ˡҶɵʧЦͷͻȻһ׷ʵ˵Ǹǵʦ涨ݵ£ָڰ׵еĵλඣ
𣿡΢Ц˵㣬ֻҪǸڽ֮󣬲ٻ񽭺أܵʱλ
ţԴڵġҶʵڡĳϢħһ򾡣ɶԷǸǸ޴ķת
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Ҷüͷ壬Ȼ˵Ê˵ĲǼٻ
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ƻңѵǸҪٲһţҶ̾Ϣһ
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ŊȻȥҶɵ̾Ϣһ
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Ҷòϣʶһս֮ԭеӦ˵һп谭ħȫء
ȻϿħҲΪƵк׿İܵĴ
ЩҲΪԭ̶ܵͬȵ顢Դ޾㶼໪۾ɥʧһҵ
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᳾ֻԼǱ˶еĸ󡣬ͬ׷ɵڵɳȥʮԶһŽֱ̯λһƬ֮
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ֻ밢֪ʱƹһСԺʵѿһˣеֻһ޵ʣԼⲼõĻذ
ģֵǲүүҿҪȥˣ
˻һڣҶʱһҪǲس˽ֻҪأ̲סһⷿӽá
δ䣬Ҷͻһƿյ죬ûٴξ棬顱һݶʱƿһ󶴣שߺһ³Ƭ
쵰
Ҷŭһͥһת˫֮ͥϣȴչƷ絹һ½Ƭשߴݶƶɨ˳ȥ
ֵͬʱ
һĴͬըľ簵һ䣬ͬʱһӰ֮뷿ڡ
ÿ֣
˾Ȼƿݶڵע֮ԼȴѸƿ˽
ֻ֣ͻϵ
Ҷ˿Աģ˿̵ֻǵĴ󴥻أ޷ʴΣա
˳ȥлأ
ҶһˣͬʱƷͬһɨƿӰľһɨɳȥ
ͬʱа룬ʲôˣȽͳȥ˵˴
ͷոƷոմӰҶͷ׺ϰ͵һʺλһ뷿

뷿ݵӰҶһɨɣȴˣһ
Ҷȣͥϵ˫ٿȻһ˺Ž߾룬һӰƿնҶոȥλá
һһ֮ͥϣ·Ҷζ˫ƮƮƣ緱ƮһҶ
Ҷסͥһֻͥһ壬ͬʱ˫նӭ˫Ƽȴֽ˫ơ
ܵһ㱬ҶһƣռϷ磬˫ġʮơȴֻԷ˸൱
Ҷʱ´󾪣ܹԼϵǼλ˵˭
ҶԾȫ֮ͬҶһ֣ͬʱᡰסһ
˸ľΪԾͻȻͥϱһӲرͥ
Էһ֮δӲҪƳĽ࣡
˶ʱŭУһһŤȻΪ䣬ٿȻ£
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ף
ҶѹȻЧֻǺ˱ע⵽˴ڵ쳣һԷȻһ٣ëֻһ˱ѵ࣬ܿϸߡ
ɾγɷ֮һϸ΢޵Ҳݵϸ֮ϡ
ˣ
ϸ˲һͬʱ죬ϸţëĺɫ״ƲһϷ
β룿˾һεһţԸٶ͵ƿݶٴη˳ȥ
ܼġβ롱磬ϸ緢һһǧܼ࣬ƫûʲôƿ֮Ⱦо綾ֻҪһö鷳
˵ķӦѵѡҶͬЧ£ƫƫʱͻȻһȣĻ쵰үү

ƿǽڣȴһѴ˽·Ǹո֮ͣ
ǡɷɳݶ밢һȻգŹһִԭ·˻ȥ
Ȼûȴ˱ģ
˲䣬ڴϸ߱һնϣ԰ټƵرͬʱ


067 ֻ׷
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ܵȺۻȻӰ׷׶ǰһƬǴΪŭ˹˲ΣգٿȻзҡ
ٵظ밢һָŴ°Χס棬·γɶţڴҶǰαֻɣֻǻвʱû˺Ƥ֡
СԺҵ죬֮ĳȴûһȥע⡣
ۡ
һλͷҶŴӵضקӶģǰӰ
ƽӣԼӢ硢Ľ
⼸ڹֶ´ߣҶ嵲סаǵķݣͨضӷ˳
ʱҶݼǱѾȫ𣬾Ƥ߶ٻϸ˸ְһ֮£㶼һأŵȻһӡûУˡ
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ҶһۣЦǺǵصЩҪ⻤񹦣ֻСɵķͷͳĲˡ
Ҷġղ塿Ѿŵĵزټϡĳǿʣʲô涾̸ƲĻרİҲƤǰӲסԽ࣬Խ࣬㡰סҶˣűµˣҲȫȫ۵ػ
ôɾҶûӻֻóͽѯʡ
Ѩҽ⿪ˣ˵㶾̣һʱѲˡ
Ҷǰһ룬ĽʩչֻǺ֮䣬ĽٿȻ𣬴㶵صŹŰӵҶĿɨŹֵŴͣһҽУ

Ҷ׼ڶԷɲǣָһ˶ԷѨʶֻܺȴһҲ˵
Ҷа֮̾ԵһѵĽҪΪŮ˵Ϊ侲һǣӢϸӻҪࡣ
Ȼ侲һͻ֮ҲԱȶ
Ľݸӿ־壬æˣһصˣŵ
ҶǺһЦĽݹﲻú£ȻǱ޶⡣òѵѾϲˣ
Ľһϸɨһ͵ؾѣȻ֮Ҷ
Ȼûӿһ۾ܿ˵˼
ඡҶһЦüԡҵ˹ѨȲѣȺۻۣǷǴӹлֻЩ֮ܺͽΪѯʹ䣬˺ǣʶòѨȶұѨмɲţɺã
Ľһŵ˵ͷ
ҶһĽֻСһ飬һϮϣ˲⿪Ѩ
СŮӶлҶȡĽһʱ䣬ӯӯһ񣬱л⡣
޷Ҷ˰֣ȥˣ
Ҷ½ɴݲȡ
ǣĽ֪һУһһʮ˵һ顣
ԭ⼸˵ûаôÿԺȲϣǱɣҹ֮ʣ֮ͻȻʹ¶֣Ѩڴõϣػ֮󣬱ʪ͸Ļֽǵϣͼǻ
ҪҶּʱֻǶټʮӣȻϢ
Ҷ޾ϸϸһ֮󣬱˳Ĭ
һԵ룬֮ǹס˵ġֱɱǸӸɴ࣬ô
Ϊ˷ֻ׷СҶٿȻΪֻй׷ߣŻͣƽأ˷лأǷżƶߣһ׷ģ˼
ʱӵһβ롱ЦҪֻ׷ߵģֹһˡ
ҶüСͷٺһЦȻ֪˶ٻأ⡮β롯䲼ַǹˡ
ǡҶһƣսˡ
΢Цͷ
Ҷվݵ֮˲ӣյСֻ׷ҪһȫɵҸҿ϶һ׷ȥıȻսӭǵģҲһϬֻĿǰʵ㻹أԸ໪۾ǡ
һ죬ǹõԮ
ҶһĶͷеãħžڵˣ


068 ֵ
ȻжϣҶȻӲ
ʱȺƺѾЭͷģĸֱ֣˷棬ͣھ
Ҷ֪ᷢϵĿӵϼδ֮ˣһĵص뿪˵ء
һ·н·ϻ˼Ҷһ˵֮ǰԼõĻķ벻ͤȴ
أҶʵ
ͤǺһ֣ʲʲôŹ䣬ʶҴҸ˹ȥ
Ҷ˵ͷλǰڴȥ׷ˡ
СġĽ˵
ҶòͷҶӡ
ҶнȥǰȴһɣתǰϲʶһòʮͷƷȺĸ֣
ҶʵǸոС¥֮ˡ
ԷƷǼΪȺԼӻδʹȫΪݲȡ
Էֺ
ü𰸿в١
ҶӦñԸߡܸߡ
ĸ֣¶˼ɫ۾һ׷ʵ㻹ǵ˵Ʒмƾͳɡ
Ҷ˵ͷƻ˸ԲƮƮһӡлΪ׹ķ
ֻĻҶһƣѾﵽԭƷľųɣʶȼߡ
һ£˵ǼʶһԵĺͤҲɴ˫ۣһҵιԹԣƮơôˣ
˭Ҷ׷ʡ
һʲôϡ棬֮ǰǸŮ𣿡
ǾˣҶʱ
İ𡣡
Ҷһô͵ˣ
ЦһֻλҲδȫ滰ҪСˣȻˣôӰϰˡԪҲȻ⸽Ǹһºš֪Ǹ첻˰ɣ𿴊Ҫˣɱ·δ˪ĳ𣬾ԲǣǱȻ鷳
ҶһʱԶԡ
Ȼɱ·δ˪ǻױԼǬǱϵԼֵǬıʹ׿Ǳͳ˵Ӳ˸ϵ
ʲôɣΪδδ˵Ľʵ
͵һ֣˵飬Сӱ죡
ĽһΪࡣ
ţ
ʱԵļУƽʹнת
ˡҶϻֱӸȥ
Ľһ˫Ŀ϶ҶıӰþòջĿ⡣
ͤҡͷʧЦȴǰһľ˵˾䣺ǸСϧ֣ˣ
Ľʱ첱Ӵ֣šһתչԼĺýࡣ

Ҷʩչٶȣͬһ̣пǰУ֦ͷϵ˻ȸҲֻǲҿһ˿ûע⵽ոӹ΢УһӰ
ٶȣѾᾪȸĵزṦ裬Զ֡
⣬͸ľķ϶ڵϣγƬƬߡ
ҶԾĿĹˡ
ӹٸǰɽķֻ򱱡
ȻҪ໪۾£ȻʲôԻ󣬷Ҫ׷˦ˣǻƨ
мžȫκζֵļ
Ҷü˼֮ʣԶа֮֮УȻһƬȸ
ҵˣ
Ҷ˵ٷɱȥ
ĿĵزʮĵطǰѾԼԼĴҶʶˣȻ
ħڧҧҶȻֹ䡣
ܹҾ֣ƶ򸾾ȳǾˡ
Ҷ֣ٽӽ֮ǰĵطʱѾתƵǰ˵һССϣʬҰ״˲̶ӡ
ѵе·ʬʮ֮ࡣ
ɢϵߣȫһʽװ㶼źɫͷͷ϶ʥı־
ʣЩս׷֡
Щʥĺ֣󲿷ֶ˻ذ˻жɱ
ʬܼһмʬ徹Ȼսֵ֮һİ顣
ͬʬ壬ȫǱץǣץӶ
ײֶΣɵҶˡצ
Ȼǲܵġ
һսҶ˫۵Ĺͷ;˸飬ⱲӶ˫צˣܳ
Χֻбĵطʿʬ壬ȻսǴͻΧȥġ
ʱԶɱƺҲ֤жϡ
Ҷ߾䣬ǸǱ˹ȥŴٽҶҲǰˮ
ת·Ȼ·һϵĴӣ·иСͷ


069 Ԫ
ͷ쳣ɱһ
ǰʥʿĵͣڰĵĴ£赲Źֵ׷
һʮӣֵܶˣԼǶ˵ʦ֣֮ǰҶֵǸߵĸ֡
飬顪
ƮƮķӭ߸ֶһƣ˫൱ͬʱˣ߸ȴڰһ֣΢΢һȴһֱĶ
ǰȻ֪æһӲ˺ɣ⡰˻һһʥҽжûüԴ㱻ֱժߣϿڴƽ羵һѪҲû
ûԴʬäĿǰɱܳȥжʮſͨһض
ӶʱУʥļλƿڴ
ء
ֵҲҵĿ޺ѹס˫ʥȫɫǺ죬¶ܵı飬˵ĵͣһѪѡ
ɱ
ͬĲҿЩڵʿԣûкˣȡ˸׺ˣ֮䣬ǰĹ赲У˵ʥնɱˣһ˱ֱۣذ
ֵͬſĹǻͬʱӰѾһһңȥ
лɥɹ磬Ƶײҽ˷ʥĸֶʱɱΨһĸְļҪ赲ȴ߸ֳס֮䣬ʥ֣նɱ
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СӾȻΪߣԼ赲ǲ֪ֵ
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ʢٶһۣʦ۹⡣
ū»һۣλʦȥʦһ֮ȥЩС׷ûС

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ŶϬͻȻӵ֪ǳʦ֣ܵõղݡֵһԣ
ֵܶΪ˾Ĳ룬˷ܵЦһԵӣȴǽʬһ㣬Ӷţ
ۣ
Ƕϱ۵ĹԴֵܵĴ£ȡ˶ͷΨһСűӶ԰ȥ
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Ȼֵǵ︴ȻƶҲ
Ҷ͸«έݵ˺ˮ֮Уܲźӵ׵İ˰⣬ٶȼʻӶ԰
͵ҶĵλʱԭɵıͻȻüͷһ壬䶸Ȼһ˦ͬµ«έٿȻɿ⣬ͬʱ
һ죬ųľˣˮһ㣬޴ˮҶǰ·ϣҪܼʱ֤ᱻ޴ˮ
ִͬСݡڸĲ¥ľ޴ˮȻ𣬻δ£ˮȻԳһӰźƵҶȻһƣ
飡
һֻɺˮɵľ޴ƺնݺҶ
ɲǼ䣬ƽ羵ĺϣκˣҶһ֦«έȻھ֮ϣԺնľ޴ƣһ絶ٿȻһã
ৡ
һ״ɢӨӨâĵٿȻľ޴룬ƲնˮֵӰ
õ
һֺıȴȻڿգˮԾܿҶһƵħն
еĴ󺺣ף׳˶£ϾȻϤġԡκ޾λҪҰ׳һţϲһɷӿóŭĿһ㡣
ҶһԪ񣿡


070 ϼս
СӺ˿ȻȵϷԪ񣡡
Ҷ۾һУǰոʹԼΪң
Ԫҷ죬ĵƯںˮ֮ϣգͷ뾡ȻһͷԴЦǸʵھٿǸɫȻΪ궾ģΪǸߣҾԼҪ£ΪǸǰһȮΪ㣿ߺߣµ㻹װͿ𣿡
Ϊ·δ˪𣿡Ҷһ
ԪһЦ·δ˪СӸҲԸҪɱǡףֹ㻵ǵĺ¡
Ҷʱһȵ˵ʲôǺ£ǸħŹ᣿
ޣŻħŹᡣһںԪڶϣӲɱ㣬ҪƬ̡ٺ٣ħ˲ɱ׿ƵС໪۾ҪǵˣٽЩһ򾡡Ⱦ߼ƶ
ҶһȰ뷨̫ˣƵм˵书ɲǳصģСԷ٣
Ƶвʧǡ˿ƵСˣǾȣԪͷЦǾħһ򾡣ʱͲǷǸʰҾΪµĳȻˣ
һȺݷҰ֮
Ҷһ벻˾Ȼ֮ҰģȻȡǸ֮
Ҷ֪Էûʹɱ֣ѾӣǰβƶԼУ䡰ħʬ鱨й¶±Ȼҡ
ҶУΨб˱ȭȻǰԸ·ֻеˣ
Ԫػ˻Դ¸¹ЦһƣҾɱ㣬̫Ҳˡɣ
һ٣«έҶһָֽһ죬˻δ񽣡ĽѾʮɾ룬̵Ԫ۾
Ϊ˷׷Ҷ޷˺ͤǶͰͱⵣѾҡˣҲŰһؽˡ
ԪҲɵóһ
ǰ򿴲Ǹ˵꣬òǽ˴Ľʵһ֣ԪƷ֮ǰ￴
ѾҶһֽ֮Ԫ뷢üëһֱо˸һХڿܿҶһķâ
Ԫһʪ͸Ĵۺ죬һʪ͸˵Ĵ˲ˮ飬ͬİ·Ҷȥ
Ҷ⣬һչԶˮǰߵλãȫͣͬεǽڣ䣬عˮ֮С
ʱԪΰΣ˫ںһ㣬Ȼ˻ͬŵڵһ˫ȭһֱҶš
ҶһŤ«έںϻһΣܿ˫ȭһָԪĶѨвԷȫͬʱǡôرܿ˶Է׺ݹ
˲ʵϽ֣ںϵĽսշתŲϸʽ׺ݣδγֶҪƺĻһмľȷеգʵһ
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Ҷһ˫꼻ʢһ䲨״ָָָ˶ԷÿһָĹơ
˫ָײȻĽ졣
һȷ֣ٴ׺ݵײһ
Դʶһս֮ҶصɽѧѹɽĶٴһɨ⣬ͻͽ顢Դİ벽񻰸֣ҲȫĶԸÿһ̡
˽ˮ켤ڿγɲˮĻʱֱˮۣ΢Զһ㣬Ӱֲۿ˵ò
ཻʱľ죬ûͣµʱ
һʮӵʱ䣬ҶŭһУؽâǣ
ȥ
Ҷһָռ
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Ԫȴɫ䣬󳷣
ˡ
˲䣡
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һĺ棬ʮɿ⣬Ԫǿã쬡һб£ûˮ
лƮһػɫ䣬Ԫ񱻽˵һСشۡ
Ҷٺ档
ԪԴûˮ󣬱ٲκӰ٣Զݶȥˡ


071 
ҶԪסȥ·ʱʮٶħŵĸֶ֣ܣ㣬һ޴ԲȦ
ƶ򸾶һͻĴʯԱߣΧ̲Ĳݵأ˾زǰ͵ɽ˫ֽգꡣ
֪ԼѾԶ̹Ȼ
򸾶˲ԶһʹڵϣͣҰ׵ͷɢһˣȥΪ
Ŀݵζһʯ֮ϣͷŴδժĺɫңȫ˹΢΢ϸᷢӾʯһξ룬ӲƯڼʯ֮ϡ
ȤؿģԴӺӶһսܸĻ֮󣬷ǿöԸʱ޿̲һʱ䣬֮ʵһֱͻͽ֮С

һĴЦУͬһŻƣХƯ
һأһϮ۵ǴֺĴɤµ̵ģ׻սһˣϻһǡһơٳ֣
ת¹һļ޴ת˳ͰЦ⣬Ƴƶ򸾣ЦŶ˵ȵ׷ѾʣµС¶Ը֣֣Ϊҹζ࣬ǾʳʥصԿײźá
ȺħһʱĬȴһ˲գؿ˼ƶ
̾һżƶƶֵܣͬŷϣ㻹ǰʥصԿ׽ɣû֮ͬꡭ
ƶһЦҵȲͣҵȵģ֮кԣ
̾ϢǻΪƵȣȴЩǵϵѹŽԹôƵѾˣŵǸǸͽĿܣѵ㻹ҪΪң
ʥŶġ
ģʲôģһɫüë㽻ԿףһΥĶǲھ͵
ƶһۣЦֻǱ
ȺħĿⲻɵϣӻǿȻᱻɷۡ飬ֻҪȰҼƶֵܽʥԿףҿԱ֤
ȻһЦ̧ͷؿԼɷ򣬵СŮӶȻᱳԼɷģҲҪϴ⣬˵ǱҶ˵⡣
ɫ˲䣬ֶԼƶƶ򸾶˵˵ȫһ֮䡣ϽԿףһɷһΪǵѣպһ𿪷ħʬϵܣʥţư֡
ƶȻϵ룬飬ҸȤҲΪƵУΪʥšĿϷ뿪Ը⽻ʥԿס
Ⱥħһʱϲ
һ죬ƶԿ׽㡭
ƶĿתصŶԷɵȽҵȣߺߣҪõʥԿףȷߣֻҪ˰ȫطҾԻύ
ޣڻʸ̸ʱŭžһڼƶؿڣ˻һһӡؿڣһɽζʱɢͷ㻹ǵͨɣ
˻˻˿ڼƶؿڣȵϢͽζȴӲҧס촽סһб
ƶ۵ô죬ɺҡ˱ӣ޴书֮Ҳµ˺֣Ȼз緶ֻϧУ֮ܳܵʹ࣬ϼ򱶣
ͷӲһЦĿ⿴һԵƶǸӢۣӢۣҵҪӻ᲻ҲŮкܣ
˵һ֣ƺҪȥ
ֵ˲䣬һֻצĴֽ䰴סƶŮ˰ٸһλᣬΪԼҲΪˣȰһȰɡ
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㲻ҪǵвһǽԿףһҸ˭Ҳˣ
ҿԷʥŶģֻҪǽԿףˣ֤һҵİȫԶᱻ˴ţ
ƶЦΪһ㣿ʥѲУһԼɣ㷢ʥŶģܰΣ
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Ű׷ԲԵĸף촽ζ󱯺ԭŮТ
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ʱǣɫˮոջ˲ǿԼŮŮƶ˵ĲҾǸΪˡħʬӲһŮȥֺ㣬ͷִԲ򣬺üˣüˡŮҸģҾ͵棬ɱˣ㻹ҵġ
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Ƭ̵ĴͣȺħҲɵΪµֶڡ
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ҶһμԷġӾתҶЦ嶯㣣춨ޡ
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ҶϲƵĽɫȼգݺ޵Сҵġƽƽһȭ
ɲǼ䣬ռ䶼ŷһ㣬Ҷһȭʮʮ֮ƶ㣬ƫƫ֪һȭٶʵ޿ɱܣƾͬߣɸеǿеĿ־к͹¶С
޺ľڶӲͷƤһӭϣͬʱһתСĿһöרڼĶڡ
ۡ
Ҷ̫öںؿϣЦݸոո֣žͱޱߵĿ־塣
ǼöھȻҶĻûƿһ½ɫ״ǽסӲ˰С
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Ҷȭƽһ֮ʱʱȴֱ۹ı֮һ·ϴơСۡۡιǡнɢȫʱڷӦȵṦʩչȴǹɿֲм֮ǰطʮɣź󳷵ͷҶһȭϾҾʹһȥӶݣ
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ҶһȭٶȣӶݵٶȣȻ٣ħĿɿڴؿȻһ֮ʱΪǿԮġӵò֪١
ףЩ͹ٶءҶһңȴڳħð
ҲڽԣħڲǾһһľ֣ƾ賬ѰṦԼĹɱ֮У˷ʤǵ
벻Ҷȴʧ棬㶪С
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еѻԲᣬҶһҲסħ
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ŭɶȫХ𣬿ϧȥ͵ȴûҶǿ˫ƽ棬ǰһ⣬ֵҶȭ
ʮһ㣡ҶһΣܹʮġڵڶȭбǵ˵ʮһ㣬һȭ֮ӵʮһĺ
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з֮УΨ书ҲĳݵһۼҶڣֻδϻӶһλһתǷǵûǰæһŤͷܣ
λħʱƿڴҲ޷ֹ
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Ҷյ̾ϢһΪ֮ǰȼƶʹһͨˣո𵴣켶ĸҲܹοǼƶأ
ҶûڵģƶǺЦֹĿɢżɫʵҷ򸾶лλʿȡҲΪˡħʬɣϧһˡ
ҶĿɨȻף΢΢̾ϢǰΪˡħʬΪ˾ȶλຣ;бأٵһ
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ۣ
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ƶоһʵ㣬Ͳ³ΪֹУ
ΪͷҧϰأƶĻдŹŹֵĺҶǿ𣬷⡣
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Ҷû뵽ƶôһ֣ͷҪҽ
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ҶһȣȻң벻֮ǰƶȻΪԼ롣
ллҶл
ƶҶɬһЦͻȻüѣҪǵáԿסУڴ𡭡ۡ
ͷƶڰ;ƿݣһûһѪ
Ҷæٴʩȣȴ췦ƶɴ˫ۣǴŶ˵ĳЦһ
ҶһƬþЩ֮ʱһ壬ȴѲһذףʱ
٣ƶˣ
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һܣ˵ʥصͼϣϱϡ
ʬ壬ǹ˼飡

ȺǲڵõϢƶһ˿϶ϷŹ
ƶƶƶ
ĽкУҶڱ˼ڳȺ۵ӣȵ



073 
Ҷʱ飬޷ݵĶӡ
ƶǺˣҲǡ
Ƿ޶ΪԼܹԼֻΪ˶ĿҪԼɵľ˶Ҫɱ֮ǰ֪ɱηС
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ΣѣɣĭҪı䡪
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ʱУȻĴ㣬÷ѩҪǸʦ˺˵ҪҶɽϴɱˡ
꣬÷ѩ˱ƵͶ·ͬ鷢ڼƶϣⲻҶ֮ģ벻鵽ֻŶˣȪ
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ٵظ밢վ࣬˳ͬūһ㡣
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ʮš
һŲ࣬һŲ١


074 
ҶɻԿˡ
Ҷĳ֣赭дȲִ˵ǽ񻰣ǰʵ
ȺȻ
ٿȻһȴֻһ룬һҶƳ£Ӳ˻ȥ˸סͣ⵽һĶˡ
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ʱȺͻȻһߣվԵغȵſѣտֵܣҶһħأǷװ
ҿƣҶѾ֪Ȼõ˼λϢҲܣŸӢǰ˷
Ҷûгһ˿һĲͷǸӵˣȻλΪħˣΪֹҲڽչ鲻ٳʶϽħ𽭺塢ֻħĳЩڼɵʿҪһЩ
㡭岪ȻŭǸг˴֣δκֵľٶ֮ǰûʲôģ硣
ҶҲûж˵ϻֻ̾һλûеʿУ֪λزؾʲôģΪλһ顭Ҷл
ޣҶĳˣΪħ˳ȣģȺһֽһĵԽڶȵȰΪɵǣǳ罫ƶ򸾶˵ʬ彻Ϊãҡµˡûʱĥߴ
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һʱ䣬ļΪѸ٣һʱ˴ڳ͢ƿر书Ѿﵽ˰׵ֵָ߾磬ԱǴµʦƲĶ֡
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Χڵһˣʱµˡͬһͻ˳
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Ⱥٴκ˼Ȼ꼰㣬׷Ϲۡ
ҶʱҶĳɱ¾֮ˣܳΣΪŰĶˣκβסڴΪծұɱ㣬ΪʵڲԸٿɱ䣬ͷȥ죬вԱУҪ׿·Ҳ
ԲѣľʱȻŭȻҶղŶԸյһȻ𺧣ڳֲ֪ԼҲ𽭺οԻλͬڳҶҲ޷ԼһߣȵҶȻ볬ħˣõúܣµ˽ձ䣬һ鳬˰ɣ
˵һĽʣ󱳵ıǺһϰգµ˺նУݺᣬХųҶ
ٽҶɵľʱȵһ㣬һȼ棬Χ¶˲ڵǧȸ£ԼΪ֮ƣѹҶ
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ӳϣ۹ͻȻһ޷Ρ޷Ƶĵϲ˳Ŀ⣬ֵһüĿ㡢Ůһ㿡ĺС
Ҷûг֣ÿµһۡ
ֵǸͻȻֵĺС
һħٿȻڰ֮УǾ˵ɱ˵磬һ˲佫˼һ㣬ƫƫħУȴһ˿˵ɫ


075 ɮ
ħֻһߣ潣ħǿ֮УɲǼ䣬㻯Ϊޡ
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ӷ𣡡۾΢УţмҶʩδҶʩݸʤ
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Ҷ΢΢һƳȻЦҶĳûгø˧Ǵʦľʤ
ֻһ֮䣬Ҷȷе书ǰһ󲽣Ѿﵽ龳ڵĵزˡ
΢΢һЦûоʹ˻ػ
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дʱתͷɨһܣԴ֮Ϊ߳ȣλûɣ
ʦɮƺţȻȱΪԺ԰ݷ˲ͬ⣬ԵһӦԵٴ
ܶʱһƬЦֻ֮ԵĽУܺڵȺȻ࿹
ǱĵķǸ;ŹʱҲ˵ʲô
ǴӡҶһЦٿȻһӣ䡪
浶棬˲佫ƶ򸾶˵ʬУϢ֮䣬㻯Ϊһ̯ҽ
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ǰһѻҽҶ̲ס̾Ϣƾǰòڣ󻹲һǻңΪ˶˵½ԿգǷ򸾿ǿˣȴǸö¹ʡ
ۿһǻҲɽбɢֳĴ󲿷ʿҲʼ׷ߣƬ̣Ⱥȫɢˡ
˾ҶתͷһЦΪѵ˶߹ˣԺɶҪӱʹˣΪζ
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һʱ֮Ҷһլӡ
֪˶Զһ˼ҵĺ԰ˡ⽺ͤ͡Ǳ
ֻҪȻٲ˲ĵص㡣
һ˼ҵıԺƽסֻǰпصŷײᵽԺ
ԭǰȻҶһСɮǶˡһǸ
Ҷһ㶣üʵħʬϢ벻ʦ͸¶ģ
һҶŰۣô˰ɣ
Ҷ֣Ǹ
һԵĺͤЦǺǵصҶ֮ǰ͸¶Ϣ߱ı֮ˣǸӦõģʦʲôɵǸģͤʵ
һЦ˫ƺʮСɮĴɽħʬϢǰʱƶɮģǰ᲻Ӱ죬ôϢ񿴵ǰϢ֮ҶѾʼжȴСɮǰʶǸ
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076 ϲ밮
Ȼ֪±Ĺ£ͤҶҲûеƣΨʼ磬صüʱϷ򻹱ԩ滵˴Ϣء
ģȻҶ֮ǰԷϢߵĻɡ
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ԴʶӼз𷨣һֱδأֱǰƹһ
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һ֣Ҷͤһݡ
Ϊ׵ֵߴڣּ½һܵǵĳݣԴǰħŵһħһս֮㲻ڽͷӣ֣Ҳֻͬżֵĺͯ˫¶ǹ⡣
˵±ı㾹֮󣬾ȻɶˣʦɽͤһɫδйߵĳأʵĪ±ıߣпħ죿
˵ͺһƵлҪؿµĵˣ˾η
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ͤһЦϵܹȻǷˣܶǧبŲ̾ϸĸ飬֪öٹΪ֮ҹ߰
ǾҶĳˡҶһ뵽÷ѩˮǧҲֻȡһư
ôϵܣ϶˵Ǹ޹ϣֻϲһ÷ѩȴģ
ҶһЦƾϴŰɡϲٺ٣ϲʲôǺɶɴ̼˴֮󣬴ɲǳ嶯ˡĸ飬İ飬廯ѧӦȫ侲֮󣬻ʱšַšΪ֮ϲΪ֮ǳǸˡ
ͤޡһӵؿҶһҡͷ


077 ɫ
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Ҷѹֵؿ˺ͤһۣҲõĺ֪лҿҪúüʶʶˡ
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ǺĸŮôˡҶƲƲ죬˼һתͻȻʵ绹ûңĳҹ߾Ϊʲô£
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Ҷüþ
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ˡɱ֡ͤһݵҵֱȻҲΪʦУһҲǱأݣΪβӢۣһԸħأȴǰϢٸ㲻Щ𣿡
һɫҹգҶͻȻһЦ㿴Ưͬһ̣˭֪ϣֺ䣬һⶼûУǷĹâˡ
ͤüСִʲô棿⣬¹⣿㲻ҪȥҾ㣬ÿɲɣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦɣô
ͤһ㶣˼Ƭ֮ҡͷ֪ܲȥɡ
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ͤźף㶵ؿҶֻ߶߶꣬Դ⣬ȴµʦա
ͤжϡ㲻ȥίʵЩš
ҶʣͬƬƲʵס¹⣬һһֽŻΪҽеĻ꣬շתΪ

֮ͤǰӡ
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ֽһ仰仰ֻĸ֡
С
仰ԽһǰҶ±ˣ
ʮɻϢ٣˵ȴϢ
޵ġɷ
ԼŪүǵŮӣѾ׷漾֮ˣʶû
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ټʦĹŹ־ٶҶӲһĻҡ
ٻңҶҲţе˶ᱳԼԼİˡʦϺ꣬ԲᱳԼ
ǣҶѡš
⣬׳
Ȼʦ⣬أ
һԴɻҶС¥ϣ˼ݡ
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ԼĻɣҲֻһ˸Լһ֮󣬺ͤ̾˿¥Լļһʲڳÿ˯žҹèŪһ⽡
⽰Сͤͷõ˵Ļ́ͷʱ⽱㶼ˡ
ʲôͤ㶵ؿˣֿ˿һεҶ
ںͤĶ棬ʱһλ绪ŮͿȥѮȴǱ˪üޣһԷĿǲʹһȥȻĶ¶ԷʱӵĳۣҲ˿ɫ
ҶѾеֽ޴ˡ
ͤŰЦλòץҶСӵʹ˰ɣη壬ĪʲôΪ֪ʷ
ƲƲ죬ͤЦʵλҹʱţҲ¼˵ģǲɰ
ҶɫȻɫ䡣
ͤʱġŮӡƾ⡮֣ұɰӡĲϣһΡһֻ۾ɣ
еģ
ͤɫһ˲뵽һˣ亹ৡ


078 ɾȵ
ܹҲߵˣ˿ȸ˭
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ħžл֮
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ͤȻٴУҲҶҶһЦڵȸǰٺ٣Ǹᣬֺαء
㣬죡ȸһ꣬ȵ˵𣿡
Ҷʱ
ȸѴһƣҶǰһ룬ٴԼٶȳ˸⡭
ҶͺͤĿɿڴλ˵ʲô鶼µ޵Ļ֮ʱΪζؤ
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Ǻ
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ССȸʱҽҵ㻹俪ңֹɱҶɡ㡭
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ԼһġĵϯϣĿһľʷ䣬ܴ󿪣һɫ
ԼΪΪģֻǸ첲ϥǼطЩ࣬λðź񲼣ǲҩ㡣
Լ£ںˮײΡ
ڵĲü򵥶һһΣȫֹΪӡ
һǽϹñӣһĹ˸¯衢롢ȣ㶼ƵĴգľƷ
ԼԾµΪĪԼʱΪ־㱣Ȼô޴顣
Լˣĸĳк
뵽ӸжԼһĶˡ
ǽڣ߳Сݣ˷ţǰһٿ
һСȣ̧ͷһƯͷ
ⲻ֪Ӻζˣ쳣˿ڰ
ˮľ廪Ѽ
ʱֵʢģȴˬͬٲȪƥңѩĽϴ÷ϵЩ̦ԴΣü
˴Сľһ΢΢ͻСʯɽ֮ϣʯʰϸеɾ
ʯ̨£һ·ߵ˹ȵס
һԽԽĸоֱҲ˲ֲ̦֮ãȻǰ֮ʱʱŵһ
ǹǣڻԼı⣬һ˲Ϯһ죬æӿٵسζķȥ
һ㱡ǰȻʡ
ȻһӴˮ̶ͱڣһٲеһȴ߶̶̵ͱڼŵһȱڣ̶ˮȱעȥԶƣȺɽС
ٲҲǳرǧ˿ƣɴһʯȻעˮ̶ڣȻˮˮȴ֮
ˮ̶мľʯ֮ϺȻʯһСݡ
һɷǵСǰˮһʯϿ㣬ɿ͸ġ
طֱ˼ɾ


079 
ߵ˹ȵ̶ߣΧϸһ飬ƲǱȥ
˺ļ㡣
һʯ̾͵С·ð˳̶ֱмСǰ棬Ҳ̤⴮ʯ߹ȥ
һֱ޷ӦǰʵŮ޶ѹӣ
ߣǳ
ǡĻش
ͻȻΪħŻڵĹۼ
һ̾ǰħˣǾжħ֮ģ˶ħź׷ɱҵĸĸǡ
˵˴ιա
ҲǸпദ޶΢΢һ̾ʵţǲǸֵ΢ǾѾͷˣ
һæ˲ᣬǰѹϴš
ϴţأ
ɫǱϴǾʦ
Żعͷѩ׵ͷ룬˿һɢƣȴûһϵģֻһЦеĸо
ʱݻ䣬ƺѰҡӰӣȻЦǸÿ϶Ҫų󼦵ͿޱӡС޶Ҳˡ
ʱΪ֮
ڵžʦ̫Ѿǰʮˣʮ˾֪꣬ʱʲôӡ
ǰͷӱȾʦҪö࣬ѹԨԴڶʦϤ
ӯӯһʵǰմմ֮պб𡣡
޶Ͳ˵ġЦŽӵͷӾˣҪЩ󱲴л𣿺ǺǣʦѾͷˣĴлҲۡϷȵס˶꣬ˡ
˰ǰĿʢһʯ֮УֽƺڵľƺȵһβʣְѺ̶ˮһĨȥǾգŶ˫
۲ϸ΢ŹÿһطȴûֺɫԵĸо
ƽ޲ĵ͵һ𣬲ɵĬĬͷ
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ҡͷ̾ϢС޶ΪҽεʱѾĴʣʣѹġ΢̫ʣ͵쾳Բ˰ɡιڸոͻ죿
һ㶣ͷһ춯ʵǰʦžֻ˵̫ѩ̫Ǿ̫رԪȵȣ湦ҲһšޱΪδδš΢̫
أסûôܣ
δ䣬һָ΢΢һΣһɫԲȦָˡ
ޱôһ
⹦𣿡΢΢ҡͷĪ̫󣬼Ǵ֣԰
ָһΣɫԲȦڷУźȻը޴ĳХһŨҵϢ鲼СȣֻɲǼ䣬涼һɫĺ
˵ĻסȻû˿Ӱ죬˿ҲĿɿڴ˵
˵ġޱ𣿡ʵ
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һͨһڵأһͷ֮󣬼ǰѪ𣬲֪ǰɷ񽫴񹦴
ͷһЦɵⱾѹľϷδʮ֮һС޶ʣ񹦵ļ̳ߣȻʦѽžʧϷɽ㽫˾ѹҲǱһˡ
ʱϲ
ͻȻһת´һۣĴһֱûеõЧĴڵĹȻд˹Чʱж̣ųȻá΢̫еġޱתϾ࡭⴫һžѧĴʣһҪɶ
ж㣬ߵ׵
˲ɵõ˵ͷŰʢſʯһƣЦɣŮ޶һţһϷĿ㡭


080 ֶɿ
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սưצղ֫ѳһŴŨǵһ˿ааЦ⣬㰺
͸С¥ϣս壬չ¶۽ƾϵӵŻ΢΢
һõƣս򴰱ߣŴо̨ʽһҶǻܣȻСҵլԺ
ҶߺսռɫլԺǸػͣѻΪ⣬лݵķϡ
ʥүĴ
ԼıϵͬʱʦĦƺУսüͷɵ΢΢һ壬ǲĸԶһ㣿
ӢҼү˵һεġħʬʹ˲򵥣˵ֻɽ֣ᡭ
ߣϺͿ˭ң˭ֿԱãΪжûô
һֻϦҿɲһĵϳʥϰꡣҪᣬұҪµһ
սһһָ̽ƣһͬ˿ľһ¼˲ήЯȴϵսڡ
սƲƲ죬ֲեȡҲЩˮֱָ֣ȽϲϴεǸʲôͲֻϧһ㡭
ҵѾɫ˼㶼ǺڵϵǹƥĶе˶û˲
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⡣Ҳ𣬡ҶһѾȥ죬ǻҪȣ
սֵһƣһڣֵϢųȥ˵ҶѾõħʥصԿףħʬħŻǧĲƱֿɵá
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ս˰ָȻסҪϢҪɢһЩۡħʥءٺ٣ѧǲƸýһ޸˲ӵʮɵʵһ˵ħˣһЩ׵ɣʮɣסġ
Ǽ˫ȥ졣һӦһƮȥ
սһЦһߺߣҶҲ㳢Ϊеζ
սǳתڣһᣬҡ⶯ٴ

Ҷһˣ뿪˹ٸһ·򱱶С
ռ䷭ɽԽ룬߹ٵҲʿܹ˵Ĳ
һգ߳ɽ֣ǰһסȥ·
ֶɣ󾣡СݽҪ壬Ǵ󽭶ɿڣƼΪҪΪԹűұ֮أҲ˱ϱ֮ء
˵ɿڵʱʱѽƻ衣
նɴĶɿڣʱȴǿտҲ
ҶбңǧƵϦ֮£ƬۣƼΪ׳
ǵгڱ˵ļ֮ˡͤ¾޴Ͱӣһŷ磬һ߻ĿĹ˵⻰
ŴԴȻҪȥʢɽͱȻҪɽֶɿڣȴǸΨһжɴĵطźٺһ֣һԴϵС裬ʵ˵᲻أ
Ц
Ҷ棬ͻȻѻ졣
˲̧ͷ«έйȻҡһֻС
һͷңƮ괬ڴβ˫ֵ˳ɣٶȾǼ죬ϰɵľ벻ʱ㵽ǰ
Сϴ˫һգԴгһ֦ݣˮУסЦҶ˵˼ɴߣҪȶ԰Żٶɡλ͹м¶ɺӣСǹȥΣ
ϴһֻСӲڽС˵ˮļָߣ˻Դͷ齦ѩȥĴ󣬵Сȴֻһ㿴ϴĹǼΪˡ
ֵǣԷƺչ¶֣֮⡣
֪ǴӦǾܾĺãԱҶɨϴһۣȴǱŵһעһҲ˴𻰣΢ȻڴС
ͤȴǸһƮڴͷ˫ֺʮšӷˣʹˡ
˶ϴȻҵúöС
ϴһһ㣬㵴Ȼýɡ
Ҷڴ룬ãпͻϴͻȻ裬һĳǿ¾ݣ޷ǡ汦޳һݣ
ϴ˵ķԼһˣ챦֮أ׷ɱֻҪһ󽭣Ȼ֡
ͤɵ붯ŭδȴ𻰣ͻȻâЬݣպǣǡ½࣬ξƬ
ϴһ㶣ɵͷ𻰣ȴҶ߸衪
һϮ̤ݣξ巳պξǣʹȺħۣһӵݣ
ϴƬ̴ͣͷЦʦÿοķģҶȴǺصɱİ
ʩѵá̡Զʾƶɮˡ
Σ۾һҶһۣǺЦֲҶСӺ޶ĵص˴ԭǴ˵Ŀ䳤ϰ
ҶεȻǰҵ⴮ǮϳԼˡҶĳ׾ȴûϳǰʵǸȻ
޷ҶȴһֱԵüһᣬοЦŴ⼸ʱȶ࣡ޣֻܱλϰǣ˴󽭣λǰ;ããҪСˡ
Ҷڴŵ£ŽˮȻʵ֪ڽֶЩСأ
ЦСǻֻۣ
ֻʲô
ˡ


081 Χɱȸ

峿̫ƿʣһƬů
ϣ羰ʫ续
ֻһڿȸУȴǻɫġ
ǻɫģƲҲǻɫģ˯еĹٸûпʼѣɼ򻧻ǷˮīеɫȫһƬ֮С
ԭĽͷΪҶ˵ȥȫ徻
е׷ѰšħʬϢȥͽȻ׷׵ĵ˺͹̿͡
һĿȸʱЩ㲡
첻߲ݣٸΧﷶΧڵеؽ̤һ飬Ȼûκټʬ塭
ûǺõġ
ȸҰοһ£ͷȴ˿ɲ
ǶĹѪѾ֪٣û뵽ԼǻĳʱҲʧȥټȥһҽ
ȻһոտŵĲǰ£ԶһȮͣɫ£ȻðӰ
һ
ȸڵˣ
ӭˣһǸһͷɢĿͣһȴƼݡòĻۺӡ
ո˵ģͷɢĿ͡
ȸɨˣϣȻһЦж֮һЦȴ˲˸е֮İ㲻ɽϣȴ˻죬ĪиɽݼţɽҸô
˲ǱˣǾλ絽˰벽񻰵֡
벻İȸǾʶЦֶ겻ɸʤΪʦŴѰϰٻȣϧնΪֻرܣʵ¡
ȸЦһΪʦѰӦãȴΪʦͷȻ㡭
ʦҶɽΪ˵ȻҪΪʦ𣡡İ
𣿡ȸʼ磬ʦȴǸ쵰ҿûͷ
İһʱ
һԵĿЦħ˹Ȼ壬Ȼʦ
ȸоâȻ˵ԡһ˵һ߷ķ棬д֣ѸٽӽţЦԷϧۣҪȸˡ
Ҳȫ׼ȻҾָơİȻſЦݣλʽһµĺãλͱǡԪ񣬶һλǡףСܾλеڰˣλǰֱֳλеߡʵڰ֮ǰִҪСӦԣԸޡ
ȸ쳤Цãûĳɽĵаɣ
һ䣬ȻʹһĲƹͻͬʱҽеأüĴһöĲɫƬ̣һʵ˵ʹ֣ͬʱ߬һζ̵
ȸɱӿѪɱ֡ϻС뿪ɽʮδɱֶİ㣬ҿȸҲڽϻˣ
ɱ
ܺɱ˳һ㳯ſȸӿİ˸¶Ц⣬Χȥϵȸߵ·ߡ
ָӵȫǷǸȻԹۣ÷Ǹʿ䡣
׵ʿһѮңһʮꡣ
ʹϵõ
Ͽʹ׳һ˫۾ûκвſȸһʹ˵ĺ
ֽˣȶſȸĶ΢ĸı䡣
ֻɲǽ棬ȸѾĸӦǸʹ˿ƽߵϵɱɭȻ񣬵ʵȴ綾һ£ζſȸֻҪ©Ȼһ˲£ǹҲ߸߳һߡ
δŵĸ֣ǷǸǱصĺ
ʱԹ۵İ𱣳ſЦݣСˡλʹĽ콣õĽеصλ̨ǷǸĻ̸ֱ֣ܶʦָ̫ӣ׿ֻ֪ڣ޷˾Ǳ뽭תս£Ϊʵս㣬Ǿʹشˡ
δ䣬콣صѾֱһһ̶
ȸһ䣬һĳȺڵͽϡ

콣صƺһ
콣һΣص˺С벽ȻֱӲ˿ȸ
ǷǸ󷭱̣˵书Ȼǿᡣ
ȸЦһκƮ㻨˫ֵӰʵʵسŶӡȥ
˷ֵһһ磬Ҫȸԭء
ȵ
Ӱ£ֱ֧ķ콣صΧĿȸ
ȸа̾һηǸȷбΧĲѵصĸ֣һ֧֮ľ֮ʦ


082 ⽣Ӱ
һһǰΧı˷ΧˣֻѾû˿֮أκһ龳֣п
ǿȸħСУ书ΪΪصĻ֮ȸ
һЦȸˮ沨һ㵴䱳ĵصԷ󱳿Ŵ¶ʱϲһʱƱ룬⴩͸ȸţǰ¶
˶ʱһƬϲ֮ոȴ´󹦵ġصһᵶˣ

һ죬ǱһġȸȻڿбըҵĲв˸ëĲ룬һ˲Ĺʣʤȸ
콣ڡصէ֮ʱѷˣǰ첨ƣڱʱһ¿˲һԵĲ֮С
ĸ֣δü棬ӭһƬʹϮ
ı֯㽣ȫֵĲʹ⣬ϧܼĴܵסϸ͸
֮䣬ʹƿУýֻǱʹһ£ٿȻͬȫȪһѪҺ
һľ֣ո̤һ˻֮񣬻ĹһĿȸûü͸¶˲ѡ
ľʬȻ֮ʱȸĽЦѾƮĻӰϮɱĸ֣ӥצܸƷ˺顣
콣ٴδӲǽʱѾжʮǸ
ۼȸӰһָצ˲ץìֵԴ
ס
콣Ŀѣȡ
ȸЦһԾٶȣ֮䣬ֱ콣
콣ʱӰ䣬δȵϢ׼ǰѾǿȸצӰ
콣ȻǰĿȸṦǰԶԼ֮ϣǸģǰһҧΣңһһ絶ȡĲǿȸצӰǿȸľ࣬ͬھƴ
ʱġصȴڵһƴֿòȴʹɣϸƥĵУֱӾȸ·
Σʱ̣˵һһأ޷Ĭϡ
ȸһúá
м䣬һתϻεĽ˲ȸһ㣬ƥи˵ĵ
죬ȸӲն˶˵ıС
˾һһǰһ뱻ˣڶȡЭ֮ʱǰͬʱһȸˮӰȻƾճ˶ǰһצֱ۾
һд˵Ԥ֮⣬콣ص˸ǻɢǱȸһצץ˵ӣԿǶһƷɡ
ֻǲִ֮䣬Ѿ޷ֵȸһɱС
ۼǸλĸ־Ҫɥȸ֮ʱӰִǰϵǰ
飬
һֱսİԪ̲ס֣ס˿ȸһɱУ
ȻĹһԿǸɴͻԼһҪԣӴǸ̸еĳ룬콣͵صǸ̵ĸǰôǸ֮䣬ͲǺп˷
ڵľ˵һòʧ顣
ϾǸǧԾ˵ǿԺúõġ
ʶΣѵʱ̣ԪǿһȭİܵĽƣ޻εȸײһ
벽񻰸ֵĺһյ˵񻰾ĸ֣Ҳȫ£λڶĿȸȴǽЦһˮư㵴ͬλӰ˲
ã
Ԫİ뾪벻ȸġˮȻõĵز˵ĹϵתƸ˶Էӳ˵Χ
ȫǿȸļı
һٹƵĿȸȫڸǣȻѷŹǸ֮Ĳ¼ɺ͹ǣ콣صֵΧɱ֣֮ʹİԪ֣ƵһڸֵΧ
ֻһ£ԭ·˲˿յ
ȸһХԾһ¸ǽ
ķ棬ӰأҲ֪˶ٵˡ
ȸһڿлҲδγ֣ϬİѲͣΧĸַ׷˰ʹధڳ鴤ж
ȸŴֳȥʮɾ룬Ѿһٶʮ֣ɼղս֮ҡ
ۼȸҪƷǸ;µİΧȦٿȻ䣬ȸ۽ǴƹһϵһһѾ޽նȵĽӲ˻

ƹʹ⣬ڰܵײһƾȸַ˫ȻҲûܹƻƹĽ
ľ޴󣬸ȴ֮ǰδֵġףӲڿȸǰƵɫͣؿԣ֧֣ƹҫȻֱ۶һѳʵ


083 ·
Ҷһ쾹ȻԳ֪ѾǣֵĴ¡
˵书ȴҲ֣ţѾȡ˷ǸڵΧһµһɡʵ
μҶ˸޾ɫɣȻҲ֪ȰֻúЦ˵ͷλɷ˼
üƣЦŽޱߣѶȣԸɫѪ⣬ԡһҶȺҵھκ֮У΢ԣڻج֪֮⣬ܻѶ࣬л
μ޿תأ΢΢һ̾
ȴô󷭰ۣԱߵĺֹͤק¶ܲˣôںҲôɧˣֺ˵ҪĲɸʲôҰ붮ġ
ͤôͰֻǹЦ
̡˫ʱѵ԰øݽ£Ҷ´
Ȼ˵Ϸ΢ĩܣǸΪҶʦλ֣ǰ裬أ಻Զˡ
Ҷ˰֣ǰмңС»ǽǰɣҼҰ˵ܣعҵȺϢɣ
롰̡λֱַ𣬲֪ģҶһƬƾǰ;صأδӻ
Ҷһ֧飬зֵĺͤСһУô˽䡢ӣһأԼ̫ɳɮ֮⣬롶μǡɮʦͽĪغϣ˰ͲסڹЦһĪ
ɮʦͽһ·УžŰʮһѡ
Լһ˻ħʥǰħֻ֣Ҳֹʮһɡ
ʱĺѽڣʩչṦֱǸС

ǸǴ뺺ˮ֮أһͨ뱱ˮͨСͨ顱֮ơ
ͨӱı֮·
ӱλδ֮׵ִɡѧԺڵأҶ˵Ŀĵء
ʢɽҪ嶼ǧͬʱ롰ңʸѵĿ⸮Ҳ޶ȱܿӰͬʱԵõλ̫ĽӦ
⣬ӱʥأѧԺԼ޶ȵѹħźаڵӰ졣
Ҷϰ֮һ·Լжʮ·һɽ꣬ǰԼ̹֮ǰԵΣķʱȴǺ޶
һ£Ӱԣɽҹ΢⣬ĳ죬ùľ졣
żҹɱ䣬ɽķɣĵҹɫԽļš
ںͤŵĴͰϣεСţҡŴͷСҲڣʱܾɵЦ˵ͷϹ֣羰Ȼҹ˾ǿǿˣȺɫ֮£Ҳ˯˰ɡ
΢Цʩԣ˷ɱĺá
Ҷ΢΢һЦȴ˿δи
ƽʱ飬зԽǳԽѶжϲںʱεطѡȻӼǰУһʯһľӣԷ⡣
ͤһҹɫôãҲߣͦȴռұˡ
Ǳ
˵úáͤǺһЦǿˣŵӣһ߱ã
ƨһվڴͰϣ߶ͤƽŶԷԴƲ͵ȵĲͷˣʲôǿˣӳ֣Ҿ͸Ҵѵ
ʱ˸ոתһɽǣĻ䣬Ȼǰ±ڵļ֮ϣӰɽԾ
ŵһƨͤЦˣȥкɣ
ҶչĿһϵʿΪһɷǣƳƮȻǰоǺڵǿˣ֮䣬ԱߵǰһţЦ벻߾ŵδˡ
ˣ
Ҷ¶ɫȻλӦþսʶ˵ʦܣ׿͵Ϯ֮Ҷڵ£õ̸бᵽҪеķرἰĶˡ
벻ﾹȻڴ˵
ʻ˾Ȼ¶һ˿Ϊ֮ɫԥһ£һ˦зʦƶˡ
δ䣬ͲѮĸ¶мЦһƲСӵĵʿԵ𣬸ǷʲôϽ£
󱲵ĵʿȻ˿ǺҶ˵ʱһ㶡
ɫһŭת˲һ̾Ҷˣƶ𣬷֮λҪһʦ˲ҪѰգɣ
Ҷ벻һ·ٵģ֪ʲôڵǿͽǰ׵ɵһʱ㶼֪δˡ


084 ֽѵ
ӷ𣡡ţǺιʣ˵ĶǺ
¶ɫԱСӵĵ˴ΪͣǰһһУ̬Ѿ贫Ǽ˽ħʥصԿףԹԵİǣΪ׵ͬˣ˴ҵĺ
ƨţӣһüͷ壬ʱŽŵƿڴ֮ȴתͷҶǺһ֣أǺţӣ
ҶҲɵĵʿô󷭰ۣʱȴȵʲô׵ͬˣյģǼ·٣Գǰ׵ɣڵֺúǶûôҪ
СӵʿôŭǺһγ󱳱ȵСӣƾҲүǹħˣȡħűΪߺߣ֮ʵڿɶ˵ö֮˵ǰ׵ͬˣǿڴµϣǸ̨£֪ôѰ·
Ҷ˶һۣЦ
ͤЦŴιǸòû˯ѣɣ˵ǹħţҲ̫Цˡɵùħ׿ΪУʶһսò̶ֻߣ˰׵棬ҪƴһսΪֻΪ׵ﻹֵõ׵ɣͬˣЦˡ
һļ˶ʱһңɫѿСӵݵúԣʦΪ屼ߣ׿ıȥ׿󹴹ʦţ֤ȷ䣬սʶýʦ̰׵Уûг֣ϵЩ֣ȻûƵУ֪ˣʦ֣Ƶеߣ
ҿ
þʰ
ҶŻѾץͷTMDôģԴǱż¿߹ȻҪ˵زõͽܵͽܰ
ҶСӵһ𱦽ȵ˵ʷĸ֣ߺߣϹˣ³ҼӮҰӣЩ£ˣԹԽԿףôȥۡ
ɫǰλʦܣȽΪơ
ҶĿɿڴôһϵܳǺƤ񾭲
һԾƿڴܲˣ˭ҲңҪ
ͤ費Ѿᡱһ£˳ȥ
ӣúã
ǰѱͷ𣬼ԷǷۺ죬һЦбȴǰһָӭȥ
һг֣Ŵ̶ХԿշɽк磬Ѹס
˸ҿ亣ڣȻֵЩס
ŭֵ֣߳ҲǺ·ΪԼζأƾŴǣԴһ׵عԷŵ淭ͬһƤ򣬻һߣܿһٿȻײӲߡ
ǰÿʦʦֵдգа˵ı£뽭зɫһæת棬һ㣬һĨ
дȻЦһƤ»ΪСһͬʱһһ£һɳӱ˰ӭ㶪˹
̣һˣбǰֹ͵Ϯ
Ӹնϱ㴫Ǽƿյ˳һ˸š
ϲõ黹δչһᣬһȴһۣɲ·δڣѾǾϮ壬ž
һĶ⣬ֱӽȷ˳ȥ
У˻δأӰһٵ˸ǰžһһǶ⣬һȷ˹ȥ
žžž
һǶ֮󣬰ѾȫˣȻ㶵رȥ÷
ƣСһŽ߷վؿϣֻҿžһӾͺȥ
㴵ţƣţƣţơ
žžžž
޴ʯһ磬ûɱ֣ȫȫƤʹŹ
ʱͤЦڵأ𿴵ҡͷӵһʦֵܣȫĿɿڴ֧Ԯ
˵԰ӵ书ӮΪѾƫƫλδȲͳĴ򷨣ȫ£֮㱻ڵأȫûзӳʵ
֮䣬ž˼ʮǶ⣬ʱӵͬŲһ֮»عὣǰ
Цһæ˻
ֶôԺС裬ͤҫ
ͤЦֹΪ̴ĴָΪ͡
ȵñ׵İʱͬŲ𣬷ȻӣʹУҲһʬΣҺޡ


085 ͬ
˸ͷİӣӲز䣬ֻ״˵Щ©磬ûκٹֵķζ
ŶͷһİӺǺһЦѽǣô񣿿һͻûѣ
һ
˶飬ðӵŭʢҲʧȥǡ
һȻܶԸģǻŭȫйϡ
㾹Ȼ޶ԣѵҲһʦ𣿡
һɫһҶҲ΢ŭ⡣
˶ҲڮٵģҶȵΪȰ裿
ŷƨһǲǱʦţ˵㣬ʲô˵ת𣬸ŭȻشȵˣ㻹ţ֣ѵһ㣬򽣴Ķ
ɫȻŭתͷȵ˵ʲô˵һ飿
ŵһ£ת֮䣬ͻȻЦٸǰ磬ˣɽϻļͽϢأҪǿлڹ֮ģЩͽֻһϵȫѽ֮ﴦˣ
ŭɶһ˫¶зİѱյϸ飬ɴ˫ջһգӢ۳ĺһ̾Ϣһߺһˣˣʦˡˣ

ڿնзֻһӣҵʱХ˾ǲܲ˵һġ
߷Ϊ˱Ѻͽò֡
뵽ʦ֣뵽һʦһþɱһʱҪһ֮
ֲɱͽܱȻˣΪսÿԼķϣҲΪڵӲڷҲԼͽġ
ʶһ֣ƺ飬ͬʱϮҶˣȡʤǴȫ˲Ҫ֡
Ҷˣһ˾ղŰв˵Ļټһı飬֪Ĵ־к˷˲䣬˷ɢһ±˿

ϯյ·һ˺ϱľ޴ֻһ֮㽫ĹƷ֦׷ײۣ޴ڿգһƬһֱ
֮⣬˿öһ
벻˵ʦܣֵµʵǿƥɡת񹦡ڰת֮ǰʵǿƥ׿ľʵ
غһ̧ͷȻëֻݰ
һ࣬Ҷأӯ࣬ҶСˡһǱ޵ʽԹҼҷԣ֮г֮⣬ʵǿʶ֮
ҶƵðԵͷǸ󹴽ã֮֮ƿţ޷ǸĽ룬ֻ֮ܣַĶ֡
Ҳ˵ĶԿʹڲȣδסδܼǸҽж֮У˵ҲӰҶһѡ
һգθոأİӵںȡ
־Ȼ˿ڣĪǹߵˣ
ҿ飬ϳͼ񣡡
ɽʮӶҪ㶪
ʦ壬ĪҪ󰡣

ʿȰвѾ˫ͨ죬Ѽ˱£ƫƫסҪʱް취ʱ̣һХٴһγҶ
Ҷо֪ƴʵûбҪ˵ϵͲϣȻ佻֡
˿Űӵ˵в֮ɵöһۣһһֱͣĵʿ
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ѧأṦҲΪԿȸδܰѣͬȺʱһ㣬ʱ̽ȸ
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ȸһİϮһȻ粻ֵתԣ˫ذһʣǰĽӲƿһ󶴡
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֮׷ȥʱԱ߱յнķУͻȻӤͺӵĺһ̾תһķݡ

תΪҶʱʹ࣬ȴǱӡ
һ֮УŨһ𣬶ǡĻ֮
ﲻǷȼյĽŷһжȼգǿҲŻ⡣
ǡ桿ﵽĽ
ûȼֻҪڣͿڿоȼգòϢ
ȻϢ
ֻкһаĶȣеǰݻϢ
书ͻȻһǵõ˰ݻ̵ʥ䣬дͻơ
ŨڵסǰһУҶֻƾ賬ʶжϷͳ·
֮⣬ҶУ͵һϢ˲䵴ԲʮɷΧڵỤ̃˲ȫϨ¶һƬڵ֮ء
жʮεӰԭأɱǰƣϵĿ־ɫֲ䡣
߰˸ˣһߵĴ磬ӻδջٵıϿЩӦǽ˼Ļ벻Щ֮ʿһ֮޷ܣֱӱɻҡ
ЩεĻҽֻʱ䣬Ϊȵļ仯

΢죬ʮźΪҽ˶ʮǻҶѡ
Ҷ΢΢һ̾

˵ٴξϨĵٴεȼǿҵȷ罫ϵĻҽ𣬷ϰգЩǣһѹǻҶû
Ҷ㶵ؿһƬţִӱһŭ𣬶ŭ
̡顢˷ָ
Щ
Ҷڿգֱʮɸ߿գ£Χﵽϵľ޴ӡӡԼ·
Ҷ裬ߣʮơת۷壬ǳ۷壬һֱﵽʮɵĹϢһûĽɫͻȻüʼ𽥱⣬գһʮɵıγɣһХȻڵĻ𳡡
Ʒʮɸ߿ٿȻϣȻУ飬ΪѩƷѹ£ֱӸ˶ƥĻӡϡ
߳ɡ
߳ɵ˲䱻һƬڵĴϣƮëѩɲǼһƬɷףڸסһеĲ
Χ֮б˾Ļ
Ϣ֮£ʣĻҲڵķбϨ
ǰһƬ̮ᣬرѩǵλҽҶ˫ֲǰֱ˿пԼϤףı˲ܹܵġ
ӷ𣡡е󣬵ࡣƶɮţʩǾܵκ˺
ҶĬȻѵʹࡣ
ȻѾǸеָ֣书ĸ߾ûѷУɸøŨңӴ⣬Ȱ
ԣ޷κһ׵ȥ
ʱ˿̣ѽеķŭԺеֻǻ̿֡
ʧȥ˵Ļ̿֡
һʱЩ֪룡
Ҹô죿
Ҹô죿
Ҹô죿

̻̲֪ʱ򣬻
һƿשߵ졣
Ӱ޾ĻҽһϤƿѩʦܣ𣿡
ʦ֡
ϲӣ
Ҷһɣۡ
һѪ쵹¡


096 ж
ҶѹʱĶŵʦֺ࣬Ϊ
ʦ֡Ҷȴͬѿһľʹ
ὫҶش齣һЦ涯ּģҪգȬ
ôأҶ̾ϢһԼ߶ʮ㹦ȷЩɣ˫ֵľʹֻԡ쳤ؾòϳ
ʦֺҶʵ
һ˵һΣֻǸһ棬Ŀ꣬ѾתϾˡ
ҿһƿһ㲻Ǿ档Ҷ̲ס²۵
Цʹɱ֣УʹɱȻؾ桭
УҶһ㶡˭
ʦ
ҶȻ򡣡ʦأ
ֻƬ̣֮Ҳ֮ȥˡ
ײβҶ˼߶䣬ŻһתͻȻʵѧԺϾһַ֮⣬ΪһͻȻ޺ãн֮أ
ԭҲö֪Ϣݵ;Ϊء
ôط
ѹߣĵƺɷֱӵݸˮģ
ޡ
ᰣ
ҶĬˡ
ǸϺ꣬겻һ־ô¼ڡ
˼䣬һƬҺȴǷҽСͬͤһͬӭ˻
һݣͤЦǺǵĵģ˵һҵʲôþƺò𣿡
Ϊ֮һ㶡
Ҷص磬ǰ
ͤңҿһۣϻʲô˵Ȼһ㶨Ʋ˵İ
ȷǲ
ǿɹˡͤͷǸѾͷҲ˵ż׷ȥģȥˣ
Ҷüͷ壬΢΢һ˿̫õԤС

ķƧĺ԰СӰӹû˼ʯɽ֮
ͷһʯɽǰͣڼʯɽײһť˫ھһһԼٽĴʯӲƷŵϣ¶һڡ
½ͱһġO͡ԭ׼Ծķְ
ƨ㵱ǰǸϲ߰
һŭԭļƻΪ½ݣֻñɶ˵жˡ
쵰ҪǲԵͷͷ֮ޣἰү޵ҧгݡ
˵öԡ½͵򣬡ֵܣ֧㡣˵ǰͺӣӣ
ͺӣûصܱܲôСҪŪŪġȻһжҵ˵˵ȥ
½ȻһOKƣ첻ԡ
Ȼ̫½Ƶ˼ԷͬԼָӣǵһЦʶһүүֶΡһͺˣȥ
һ£ͷԸǵðʯͷϡ
С½ٺһЦڵ׼ȷλãתȥ֮˳ʯٴνϡ
ӻͳһŶѴҹ飬һһȥһ·ǰʮɾ룬һʮ߼ССңȻ£ȴһҲơ
½ҿ˿ɦͷӶʲôصģѲȵڣȻȥߵ鷳
СһΣЦ˵Ǹ֪ѾͷˣԺ˵ǰöԽﲻǸѨء
һ˵ţһץŶڵһʯƣʯȻȷʯء
ʯͷƿ¶һʯ
½澪̾һȻʯףΪ׼˶ã
̾Ϣһھķʱ򣬱ˡҲû뵽ϵһ졣
طͨ
һʯҡͨһͨ⣬һͨߵңһͨķؿ⡣
½סС죬תͷɴ˫۵ң㾹Ȼã̬
ʱŭصҷѾĽΪ͵ߣ
ޣˡ͵Ǯ½ƲƲ죬ղŻЦүүҿҲһ֮ѡ
ͷʹѣ͵ǽѵߣǰؿ⣬ùǮƣҿ
á½Ħ°ͣЦΪ˱߲ǲھоһЩǮôַ
һص½棬Ѿͷɽ󣬻ﳤİ


097 ؿ
ɽ϶ǻˡ
ʱ֮ȫʶȷ˵Ĺء
˲ʯףһ߽һʯҡ
ڿˬտյֻһǣʯͷһľ壬ʮӣǰĿһչޣһŨҵľ㲼ʯҡ
½ɴ˫ۣԭľƽѣıжòǺȶˣ˼Ҿɣ
ޣˡɫͨ죬ŭܲܰ۹ſһ㣬СӼҵֶΡ
˼ұС
ǰǰС˲𡭡
㵹СɻûҸأ

½泳죬Ϊÿһζóס
о̳һߣѡһߵʯǽһλãһһǽʯУڵϣǽ¶ĿһͬʱԵõصүү㿪ۣʲôŽ˼޸
½ƲƲ죬һмӣһ˫۾ȴɵԲ˷ܵɫ
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һ죬ԭʵǽͻȻƶ¶һ޴ңȻīڵģһҹͶȥĹӰ漫Ϊҹ龹Ȼղһǽڡ
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򳡴Сؿ֮ڣһȾ޴յĸţڲĿռһ࣬տյؿ⣬ֻһǽǴ˼ӡ
˵ľķؿ⣿½һţʧˣﲻǱٹǾķѾƲ
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ʲôǮǾķģǴٳɹҲҵһ롭½
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һҲʧ̬½濩һЦľԣһľĶͬʱЦϵܣ²ڷŵʲô
Ӧһѽƿ
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½ŵһôôˣ
ʱ򣬸ŵķǣͻȻһƵ졣

ûҵ𣿡üͷѯʡ
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ˡǲǱηץˣͤʵ
пܡҶ˵ͷ֮ǰηʱпǵɽ֮ơ
Ϊ½棬ҶһæѰҡ
ʱɫѺڣûзκټĿܣǶ˰㣬ͬʱܡ
ˣǱȻǽ棬Ӧ
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Ҷ̾˿⸽ֹһаܶ˵ʵʣķܲ˵Ž棬Ȼȥͬʱţһȥķ̽һʵ
ͷ
ע⣬ûҵ֮ǰмǲ֡ҽһ䣬˻عµŵ㡣

ռŵıµڣûһ
˵ĽŲ
еѱһɶʯǽ֮⡣
үֳֻѣšȡη֮ڼ˽ʱ
ηѲǵԼתٴ䣬Ϲٴʯףͨ˶ٵš
Լ߽һŴĹɭֲʪء
һŸ޴¥ôߣͨƳɣĺȳߣͽߣֻ¾ͳʮˡ

үӻͳѣͳһֵĽӣͬʱ֮С
ĳܵ˳үһԿףǸȴյ죬ֿСݣĳ˳һԶת
һ߿ţүһЦǺǵصϴ磬֪ʮ˵أȫ⿪ŵ˳ϣϷֺ˶군滹ŵľըҩǿͻƣҲͬĲһը顣Ǹϰ尡ϧƵĺܡ
󣬻Ǳ㵽ˡηһ䡣
үǺһЦ˵ɲסҷѾԼİŮˣŴӶķල㵽ڶԿףԿףֻϰϡֻǰһ룬ʹһգڲ֮¡
ηô㵽ֵģ
û㵽֣үЦǺǵصһ˱˴ӳ͢Ĺ͵һ

ǰүգգ۾ŽСʮ˾šǲػŹƵĳ壬ȥ͵һݣͼֽûҵȷҵһӡ
ôʹηʡ
ʹүܹеܴ򿪣ֻҪʱ΢һ㡣
ǡ
һ죬ү˿̾üˣһɣʣɴ򿪴ˡ
Ȼܡη̾
ֹһʱ䡣
ͻȻ¡¡죬һߡ
ؿȫ򿪣¶һƬء

һȦ͵Ʊүȼͬʱһ񣬵ӭϴ磬ιҺ̨ϰȫʮز֮һؿ⡣
ηȻڣܿ˿ǽڣصͷȷܰȫǶԼĴˡ΢΢һЦϵܣտҲҲ˲ٺôɡ


098 ֮ϲ
үٺһ֣ǿǿ°뱲ӳԺˡ
°뱲ӳԺȣߺߣҿ¼ӵĳԺȶó˰ɣηз̰Ŀ⣬ȴһƽ˵£嶼鱦ǡƹ񡯺ͨ¼ǮģǾķĺ̨ϰ塪ү
үһЦ⴫űϾǴšǵĺ̨ϰȷǾүЩ߼Ա֪λүŮͣ״治ڶ֪֪ĲƸǲµһء
Ŷ𣿡ηһνģ
үһЦǰ벽˵СҲòˣΪⱸһݱϣܹЦɡ
һ˵ţһߴӻͳһУηǰһ򿪣ȻɫļƷʯÿһŶӴСֵ
η̰֮ɫһţءšһ
үõʾæкϣηĻС
η΢΢һЦôǸνġүҲͽඣ
үæͬԡͽ
ηү̥ضӶЦ
ȻˡǼݴˡηתһȦص˵ͷŴ˸ڣȫںɴеͻȻӰһӺڰо˳ģŷǰ͵һ㡣
ÿ˶ضϢȫƻˡ
үֻǿһۣ۾ŷһ㣬ͷһۡ
˭һ۶ɿ˾Զ¶ĸ֡
һ˵Ļһ޴ϻװһС
ηȻشнӹϻżı֮طһľϷ
Ǹϻη˵ǵãΪҪʧˣҶˡ
İɡ⣬һʧүظ֤
ηЦŵͷǸӵýҡû򲻿ţҲܷĵ㡣
û⡣үаȴشӦ

۾ʱ򣬿ľ½һ˫һ˲գضԼ˫°ͣ˶Ľë۾˽Ĺâ
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ؿڣѵ뱲ӣȻһ˳Ļ쵰ѵȱ¸ɵ̫࣬˱Ӧ
ǰǰ½ֻһ䡣
Ҳã½棬ɫһʵôûнң˳˵Դҩˣ
ʲô½淭˷ۣЦⲻǹ˵ĽεҲùⲻ⿪һ̳ƣѹѹѹ
һ˵ţ½һߵݹȥһ̳ӡ
ƹȻԽ
һ˰̳ӣ̾һ¶ǣƺҲתࡣ
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С½һˣҵġ
ɴ۾ŭﲻҵĵ̣ҴģúúãЩҲ˵֮ǰǿоЭõĶһһ룬㲻ôŵɣ
½˼ص˵ͷСʦ˵һҪá
һ̴ĴָСʦ˵Ķԡ
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⵹ǡҿ֤½ǺһЦιȥ֮ؿһˡ
ʲôˣɫһ
үнǸۺӣʲôνġ
۾һȡη
½һЦⶫǸηүؿģ˵ǺҪĶⶫСпܶ
˫۴еصǸҪҿһۡ
һۿԡ½ЦǺǵذϻ˹ȥǰصҲ԰Ķһ롭
ôãĪؽ˹ȥ
½̾Ϣһ򣬵ôͶԵķϣֶ飿־ְ㱨𣬻һ뵽ֵı˵ôлң
˵˵Ҹл㣿һ߼ϻĿأһʵ
ǽݰɣ½֣صҵͷ㵱ϵܣ
񾭲Цһ䡣
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ҿһϻڵĶʱڶĽ
ݾͲ㣡ң½ŭڵǰᣬ˳ۿһϻڵ˲һ飬һƨ˵ϣɴ˫ۣű㲻ܿƵؿʼ˴á
á
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½ŵôãȫľˡ
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099 
ãã⣬⡭ôа롭ãˣã½澪
ߣǰߣô⣿ôηûھѹ
ãιã½һʵ⣬˭ã
㲻Ӧ˭Ӧʲô
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һЦ͵ץס½ƣָϿҧһڡ
ҿ½ڵ˦֡ģҧң
½ʱðɣȻûзԼõëȻ˲ˡ
㿴ָָʬ¶Ĵȡ
ǰʬϣʺѪҺԲѪһһŻʬƤ֮ڣγһ㣬Ȼĳֹ켣Уֱȫʬղ
й켣ȴö𺧡
ڲྭ֮һֻû뵽ַʽתΪٵطٶµģԴģЩ·ǰ̵Բôת
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Σգ뿪˵ҶӦ
ȴƨﲻסЦǺǵҶϵǡħʬ
ʲôҶһֱҧͷ
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100 ħʬ
ħʬȻͰ
ֻһֻûѣݣ
챦𣿡
ǸŮûС

½ŷǹһ㣬յһ·ͣŪҶԴԽԽҶƺ֮£½淽㬵ر͡
ת˻һ˿֡
Ҿ㣬ǣشҪ˵©ʦŶᱻۣ𣿡Ҷɫ֣࣬ؾ½һ
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Ƶзˣ׿Էڣħžڼ̥ΨһܺħŵĴֻС
ħ죡
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ҶһǵõߡħʬȫǻԵɺϡҲȻšΨһҪһǿ˴ħʬһ棬ħʥأȥǲȥ
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Сħ顷ҲС
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ˡеͷͬ
һ֣ȻˣǸҪħʬظʵȻϰħʬħʬڸδأ
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ҡҡͷɽʵ̫Զ·;Ȼ£ǶҪ޷תϵƹʱգʦҿǽѹɡ
ҵͷҲͬˡʱʦԮ֪ɷʦ棿
ƶɮҲֻˡкͷͬ⡣


101 ķʢ
ħʬĳЩ˵ϡ䱦ĳЩ˵ȴɽԾĶҩ
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ѧǣѾáħʬȥµѧħŹϷ;ǣҲʲô֮ãΣջ
ħʬǽ£ɽǺġ
кʦҲŵù
ԣħʬ±ܣû˿顣
̣ӱҳħʬ¹شǱһ·κιɱĶ֮٣пҪ鷳ףǵһҪ񡣡
˵ͷͬ⡣
˼֮˾һ磬̡
иʦ´µܺ񣬰ħʬһУҶҪ£ûἰֺ
ھķүȻ˽֪ħŹᣬΪ˱ݾߣ¶°ߡħʬʧ֮£ʶҷŹˡ
ڶһ磬˱ڿջҵİ£󳵣˷ֱϣһ·򱱶ȥ
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ӱ֮УȻҶ֮¾УͷصȴʱԷ£֮С飬֪˼ֿգ˼ֿ֡
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ѧԺĵͷҶѴɵĵͷݵͬʱҲⱻ˲ͣ̽Ϳӵ鷳
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һȣʱͬͱһ㣬ԭֻǶ˼мӵѧӣʱɫ䣬سǰʩ񣬴šѧ˭˭˭ʥơȵʺ֮հ˼ݡ
ǳ21ݳҲˡ
ҶȻˣͷԼʶʵǰͬôô磿ʥʲôְ𣿡
ȻҲǳ͢ģȴǹְʥơǵĲõīʦѧʶ۳̡ÿ¶ʮߵġʥڡɡʥơ֣ʥ˴ʶ׫дĸ踳ο塣˼ΪʫΪΪһĺȻǵѧĽĶ󡣡
ޡ
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ѧԺ˫ޣ˼ĵһ;ٮٮߣϾʦܡ
С󣬲ֹ֪ʲôͻȻЦ
Ҷͷȵͣ㣬Ҫעʦ󰡣
һĨӣٺЦСʦ壬ǼоǲҲŪʲôɼơרŷúõͬţԺ֯ʲôģҲ硣
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ֻһɲǣ˸ͬľٶ
Ҷһʱ˼󣬱İȫͤһ˦ͰסµİǹԼ˰ΣתСĸǰ
ˣ
Ҷ˫־죬һƬ֣ΧȺ
ҺͺˣΪ磬ֱ˼࣬һ䣬ΧΧȺʱ֮⡣


102 Ҵɱ
˼ϵͬʱĴֱ󣬻Ȼһ죬ϰٵǿڼȵֽ˵ĵطȻ䡣
ͬʱȺȻӰѵİֱͶҶˣߣΪ˷ɢҶ˵עвٰʹǶ׼书Ϊ΢С
ɡ
Ҷ˵۾˲ŭͨ졣
ȻһļĴɱжǲ֮٣Էһ·˼һ˵г̣ǸոյִӱǶԷɣ
Է˶ԸҶ˵ķʹ˱öСвɢҶ˵ʵﵽһɱĿġ
Ϯ̫ͻȻٷ֧ԮСѾ֮
ۼͤһ˫־޴Ͱת糵ҲԼС·ɵصֵרľ󣬱СҲֱĸ񵲰
һն𣬷ҵġ¡ʶһƬ¹Ӱǿ¹֮ϣ籡֣һ˿ۼҲδκμҵײֻϸʧ
һ־ʱס˰ϵǿ
һĺ񣬲δñ󡰿˫ӣһռһ㣬ٿȻƯͣǰǱտġơӲס

֮ϵؽ޷桱Ű޴ĽѾϰգҶڿն𣬽Ųȡ޷桱˰һڰлУֻǽһŤ޷ڰлһߣ֮ڶһǿ

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Ŀ֮⽺ͤȱһ䴩Ѫ䣬Ӳɵòһ㣬ܵķʱһ˿϶
һɥ궤룡
Уһɥ궤д붤µĺ֮ϣԵƴϣֱ۱ö
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ͬʱҶǰĴУٴİķʸȻڶ䣬ҶһоȻԱֱɲ˫ʩչݺסѧֻȺмͷŰĵзֱУڻ˲䣬һ˦֣Ӱ˴ĸǰ
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󼤷ȴʧصӰ˸š
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أһߣҶȴС
˭ģŵױ棬λεıһ˦ɺѪһء
ߺߺߡһмЦˣǣ͵ٴαŰɣ
ʱŭҪ˽ѵˣͬʱЦһЦȻֹɫʱϺڡ

һȴֹֻѪͬʱ
벻Էɱ־ȻһʿɱһʧܣȻһ֮˶ûУõȻҧƿжңֱɱ
˱о𣬾ڴˡ
ͷҡ˼ͷһƬء

ʱҶһƬϲ֮תͷȥվһߴʹһ߱ҶֵشӺ°ɥ궤
ԭɽ͸ҶһϽģҶ͸СԷУ¡Ļ֮ЩֱӼûɸ˺
ƴˣöɥ궤ʹ飬ѾֹѪҲû˼ҲûͿ
ͤ˾ͱȽˣȻû˼ǣȴ˴һʱѪ磬ڵסѨֹסѪֻҪҶѪܣɱסֻǺѪҺѾɫ԰ףˡ


103 ѧԺ
ⳡɱͻȻҲͻȻ
һڲһյʱڱͽ˼һˣ֮⣬˲޴󰭣˵Ĵ̿ȫɥ֮⣬ΧѧΪʮ˱ľмˣһʱĿ꣬ñء
˼ǰֹǰߵΪˣھδȺҲеˣաｻʦܴãҸȫĵط˵
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ϾڴʱһҺƿӰԶ۶ǰһԶԶشȵߣѧԺ£һ֮𣿡
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ͻĳ棬ǷҺͺ񣬱˼Ҳ
ǰһʩλ̨ЩᣬҵȲǴ̿ͣܺߡ
ҹ˭ɱ˭Ƕ𣬾ӷѮʿ˫һɣԷҴǳ⡣
üͷһ壬õʱŭ
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ѮʿڻԾһڿһ۷ӯԭأһȻػͷȥ
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λʦʱɡԺǺһЦĿƳ˼һۣȻкҲȶȥ
ʱ˷źͤƴϻյǰ棬ԵıӰǺһЦ˵ͬﰡ⡮ʥơλãȷ˴ˡ
лȻ
ֻԶԴ˼Ϊֹ˵ǡʥơȳѵݣǶʦıֶûи㹻أвɵ÷׷һ
ѵʲôıҶʵ
˼һЦҶСѿ²֪λԺʦֵƢ½ëԲʲôı֮٣λСʦֶֻ붯֮˵ĵλϾˡݵλΪ֮ѲںʥơΣֻЩϧϧǧ괫ڵӾȻҰĲǿʤѭ񷨣ﻹһ˿ǫǫӵȣ
ǺЦ֣չã֣ͨǸȻħˡͬڣѧԺ⣬ܴϡ
䳰ȷһѣͷɵöһ
ȷˡ
ѧԺֻ¾ô
Ͼͻ룬ǻأ
λ밡ʮ⣬Цعһ˶һۣǰȥ
ʱ˲á


104 鷨
ѧԺ˵ѧԺ˵ǹҲָΪѧܸΪǡ
ǧѧʥأģѾʤ嶼Ļʹ
¼Ψһһƶ͢ʹĵط
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׻ʹĲ֣ѧԺǡǰޡǰĵñǴҵ֮ʦѧǵס
ǰ͢Ρ׳λȺϣĵи鼮СͿңұĵĻܼͬ
ׯµĵ֮䣬дĻ԰յأۣ֮ڶһв߱Ƚϼнͬ͸ִ
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ѧԺѧԺһдΪעʱͷҡͷ̾Ϣ
·ԴӼҶ֮һֱûʽкŷ𵱳嶼Ҷ˧췲ݣĳͻȫһ㡣
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ҶЦǺǵش鷨дò书ҲҪ书鷨š͵һҵЩȻ
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ʱһԵ˼ЦŴԶﴫˡ
Ŷһ㶣ǰҲȻ˼̸̲ס¶ģ
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˼һ˵ţһ߻䵱ʱĳ
Ǵʮ֮ʱƾھŴءϰĲɸġʮ߽Ϊƽϲ鷨ʽ鷨֮У鷨ǧÿһ֣͵ͬһ齣ЩҲᡣֻ˵Ƿ˷ͼҲǰ鷨дİ˸塯֣м׹ģнģִַ׭׭顢顢顢顭ʦְ֮籦ġвͬıʷ
Ǵαչرнͻ֮ʱԭѧһذҪͻƣķ֮ʱ鷨ȶġ벻ڲͣд֮ʱǴͻƵĹذȻͨ˷֮࣬㽫αչѧƺΪ˴塿ֻʦֶ鷨ϲˣǴ鷨ʲôѧǷ˷ͼھ͹鷿֮У˶ԿˣҲ޷ɡ˴塿
ԭˡ
벻лʱ¶Ȼı顣
ԣҲ˱飬ŷƽһš


105 ´
ʱǲѮ湫дʫʵһ֣Ҳӵ˼£ֻһХëֱѸ׹Ϊ֮㸲һǹӣһƬá
á
湫ӯأѾһƬȲ֮
ԴͷкãȼѵкȺһ㣬д֮ȻæǰЦ֣붼벻ˣ
ԹһЦʦӭӹͣһչ鷨һ书ּ벻סȻ̨˳뻯ľأѵųζ֮
֣ЦԺ㣬鷨ڣԲѧЩƤëܱȵù֡ĿһתһԵļ֮ˣɵЦʵ⼸λԺ𣿼λѰã·ԡ
ΪеĶʦ֣һɢȹϵĽΪУһ̨ϵӦ꣬ʦܺ
ǰһ񣬵ҵɽĵʿӦԺ֮룬ѧԺᡣ
ɽ
ҵĽܶʱΧڶѧӵע⣬Ͼһʱ䣬ɽдĺνͷ֮صСңħšڰսûб𣬷ԽսԽǿʦͽ֮УȻжͬʱϡ񡱣ʵ֮ǿ󣬱ʮɶضãʵ漣
ڹɽ֮·ƽݰ˿ɽţ϶սĦ룬ȵݴս򣻾׸嶼һսԿǸʶϣֱȺ
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ҵ䣬ضʮ񡱺͡ʮɡ⡰ɡһʮɵ֮һ
ѧԺǿ˵ԭڽС֮ԳȻĿЦ֮һ¹ӵսλʵЩǿɵĵǣ˻֮⣬һֶ¹ǿҵĵӽһ
ԷԽ죬Խǿϡ
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ȼѣЦǶǽ֪֮Ϸ԰ˣȻԽѧԺλֵǧ̡
Ȼɡδ˵꣬ͱԴϵڸղţλԺֵ鷨Ʒƺй۲졭
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ǷԹȻ⣬Ƥһ׷ʵŶλѣ֪µ鷨÷ۣ
ݵҵȶ鷨⺺ֻ黭֮䣬ݺأǧ鷨ѣƺ̲һ׼Ľ
񵭵һ乧άϲɵԳһ˿ɫ
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ʱüͷһ塣
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δüͣԴλɵĵԣ鷨鷨ѧѧǿһδⲻײ࣬л֮ӡλԿд
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һΧʱһƬм֮
Եɫʱ࣬ѧԺĵΪҵΪҵ䣬䣬λ֮ԣƺŵǧ֮΢ʰ
ʸӳģ֮ܽԣռݴ壬صˮƽ
뵽Էһ仰ȻͰǵ˼ϸߵ˵ȵزʱѧӵļ巴ֳʱΪ֮š
󵨣
̫ˡ
ŵĺ֣ܰѵǡ

ҶȴһԵ˼Ц⣬ǰֹͻ뷨ɵôչ˵ϸ磬ⶼˣôҲȰȰôͽͽ
ǿɲҽ̳ġ˼ƲһЦһｫžԺ֮ͽǲܵѵλк壿
Ҷʱɴ˫ۡ㻹ǿֲ´󰡣


106 ɱ
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ϾЦȡ޷֪ôȪã
ơҷʩʩȻԭأЩˮˮҿɲˮƣµһ
ϾЦֹԭѾǾˣ̳ʲôϵϲ˵ش˷ڷרˡ
ʱһ㶣˼вյǻһµ䣬ǵϾͺʦ֡׷ʲô
Ͼһ̾˼򣬵˼Ϊֻ֡

˲͡
ϾٴΪ˵ϲˮ˵һ棬ΪĳһɣȴѧԺ˾ءʵʮǰұһˣǿʮ꣬ΪѧԺȡһˣֻѧԺѳΪйߣΪŰˡ


112 ǰ
˵֮ԣ˶ʱһ
˼󼱵ʦʮǰˣΪδ᣿
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ͤʵĪϴ֮˵ݺУ
Уȫ޷͸֮˵ݡϾһ仰ٴγһҶԷ͵Ϯҵĵصʮأ¼֪ȥ˲Ϊˣһʱڣ޷κˣϵ˼ʦܡֱǰҵĸλˣŽ⿪ɻĽᡭ
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˲ɵֱ塣
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ƽ򸾱Ϊ׵İ׵ȺΧɱŮһȸȣһ⣬ߣ㶼ѡ
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ҶӸ硣һҶУͬͯʱһ㣬ʧʹޡ
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ЦЦӶݵǶʱ䣬޵Уһƣ벻ˡľɼԺԺȻѹƣֻҲټҶֵһ졣
Ҷ̾Ϣһ˵ǹڵİɣһǡơӡڴ׵ѨѹˡУͬʱ߷ˡ
ҶһʱĬһԵͻȻеҶӸ磬㲻ҽȾ磬Ϊ˾ҲŵǹӰһƵġ
Ц޷ƾأҶֵľζ꣬Ҷֻ֣¼ǰҾѾ϶ˡ
ҶĿ峺˫ۣ΢΢һַ̾ģһΣһὫ񹦡ȫ׹˽شڸ㣬նϡһл
ɫһҶ֣֮һʱ˵
ҶӸ磬ȻĺˡȸԾ
Ҷʵô˵ݡ
ֵԺߡ
Ҷ˵ͷ޵ˮ֮У벻;ͬ飬ѡ
ЦСѧԺʥ˽̻壬С˼ڲͣشܣʲôǶԵģʲôǴġʱãڽɱУԼжϡǺǣ˵ҶֶҵӰҲǼġ
Ŷ𣿡ҶЦʡ
֣ص˵ͷҶֻ֣Ǹû롢ûҰģججԵӹˡ
ǰҲԵڶǡ
Ц
Ҷνʼ磬硣
ָЦЦȴҡͷͨҶν֣Ҳŷ֣Ҷʵµһ֮ˣҲҼȰȰˡԲΪҵħųӺ͵ӣƾУûŻ֮ݸߵ֮ˡ
ҶһЦεӺףһα˿佱Щ˼
ֵҾǿ⹧άиж
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һڡϾһϻοһ޵ֵˡ֡ȴ⡣
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ֵˣɵһƬ֮
ʱͻȻԵȻ֣ħѧԺڵǲǾͿˣ
Ͼͬʱ̾һ
Ҳ


113 ֮
ֵĽͣ˷֪ħ͸ѧԺƵ֮ǰѾɣƵյһ֣֮󰲲֣ڰǸˣ˭Ҳ֪ݡ
һһϾˮһ²裬ȻҸһᣬЩԼʣµģҪˡ
ƽ˼ʵ
ϾԺеȪȻˡ
ɫһʱ뵽Ͼµ
ҶҽȻûл֮߾ȫٶ䣬Ҳѻһꡣ
һꡣ
ڵѧԺ˵к壿
乶ӲдϾȴҪԼһ塣
ԼڰԼѧԺĿȨ
Ҷ˵ʵԴ佫Щ˲
˼ѧԺĹؼ
ҪͨϾﵽѹѧԺĿģȴϲϾҲִѹסѧԺڲ
Ͼ˼ϵش֮ѧԺʵΣ
˼̾˿֣صһ˶Ŀţѧһѧ磬λͽԡǺǡἰԣ˼󣬱ϾҲƵƵҡͷ
ʦǡϾꡣѧԺһɸꡢ䡢ķһŵӣû˵еģֻǶȡ»ҰġѧԺѾǵ֮ǹ͵Ľݡ
Ͼһ˵ţһ߻ԶѧԺĸߴʮ˲űѧԺ֮ڣгɾ߲ˣǹӵģҲһѲŰ۸ֵ͵ģֻǿǰµĹҵűʮɵͷʵ䲻ϵµҰġݷпʮˣǲȻ֮
˼ʵʦֿ
Ͼҡͷһľ֣ĵòһѧԺһĵõķˣٻٺΰҲվһᵹʱҪĲǰ﷿ӳ棬һѻӡͬһոɾȻٴӻҽ¸һûķӡҪĻԻͣΪѧԺδ½һճɻҽҲùȻأҪá˼ѧԺֽȱٵĲǸѧǡһԹ֮ĺȻ磬ǿСһУΪõĵػʣµģҪˡҪ񡣡
һ˽Ծ
벻ϾȻôľģȻѧԺȫݻҲϧ
ʦܡ˼һ
һУϾŷص˶ɲࡣ
ʣµʱգҪú׼һˡϾǺһЦҪӮңųɡֿҶˣĿ½桢µ˵ϣһЦãôſ۵֮պġ۵ᡯϣǺúñ֣ܹĿһ̼ǵУмȻҲǼõġ
İɡ½ݺݵһ֣ЩͽͽһǴ
ϾЦ
񡣡ҵ½һۣЩǵؿλʦһۡ
Ͼ˼üСϳԣ˵ûʤİգӮˣҲӴѧԺ棬Ͼֻ֧֣½֮Ҳʹ˸洵ˡ

ҶСϪߣߵЬӣţ˫ŷϪˮ֮С
Ϫˮʡ
ĵƣһɨա
ûѡصѧԺŵĻңѡС֮УƽȴʵĻʱ⡣
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ȫȫƷζһС
з֮£ɲޣȻֻǰвƣʱ÷ѩ
ÿʱ̣ʱ޿̵ز뵽÷ѩ
ʱ򣬾Ӧһ
ҲֻнŵʱŻҪһУߵһзա
Ͼ̹ش̼
Լڵͷعһ׻᲻أ
ڡ
϶Ǻڵġ
ΪûȢ÷ѩûΪԼӡ
ȻڣǾӦóŻû£ȫҲڣ
ȻֻصʵϪϴ˫㣬·ͯ깦ΣңŴˮţȥ·СϪԣҶк
Ҷʾ⣬ڱ⿾ůĴʯ֮ϣ͸֣̲סһű˯ȥ
Ƭ͵С
ȥ˼


114 ŵ
գҶʼ˶Сѵ
ԴӼǰڼѧ֮ҶһֱæڽûмСĹΣܴСŵġ۵աȾҪ˽С书ĳ̶ȡ
ԼϤ֮Ҷɵôһ
ԭС޶ս飬ʽӦʮӲŶԣû뵽Ӧлǻ䣬Ѿﵽˮƽ
½棬Ѷ̽תֱƯͬŮ·ʽǵŹ֣ǾþսҲδı仯ˡ
衣
½һҶչʾԼİıʱǰһΪѾĻһˡ½Сйѧ
ʱһ˫̽泤һߴ磬ϵɺ
ӯӯ߲޷Զǧʴ衣
ҫ֮֮˽ý֮ȺԾ֮״
ȵ½һһϣҶþó˼
СǵĶս֮ΪɽѧԺٰڼٴеĵӣʶ廨ŵʽѽɵĽڻͨһУ
ҶʱɵĻο뵽ǵԼѪԸıȥֳĺôˡ
˼ϣҶ˵ͷǼ˵似Ѿ˵¯࣬Ψһ̫Ȼƴϳ⡭Ҳ⡣ġѾﵽ˰˲㾳磬ڣ켶ĸ֣ҲԲסһơ
½½һۣҶ⼸գ취ǿһǵڹܵʲô̶ȣͿǵ컯ˡﲻ쾳Ҳ޷һᴫǼԺļʱէһãȻǴһ
С˫ð⣬ƴͷ

ʮչ⾰һζ
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Ҷɵʿ㶼һϮʽۣԵĴ£ѧԺĵ
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ԣ飬Ϊ׼ʱ
ǰֱĹ㳡ͷһΰĴ¥
䣬һҶдšŵϦӡ߸֡
¥һΰͨ죬ŷؼеĺȻ֮ۡ
޴֮ϣŵ
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ʱеӭ̬ǳϻ̳Ͽ֣ϹϾ
̤š
һССãͨźͶΰã֮Ϲٶˣ̬ãǲʱûа˲ͷ̬רע
ԵЩŵĵӣˣʮձʾ⣬ʸܽŵѡֻдġ֮ˣ߹һء
Ѿ
˲̨ףʮŵĵʩ񣬾Եȼɭϵͷ
һ̨ףñѺȻĿ
򳡴С÷Ϊ˲ϯ
ֻռõʮһ˵ӣǧһĴá
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ɽ
ϰ纣
ŵһһϯֻ̨˶ʮӡκǷʮɵĴɽˮųһͣгڿ̨ϵ˵ݡ
һˣѧԺݽϸߵ
һ߿ŵһ࣬ȻΪṩλ
ѧԺʮλҲΪǰţǰߣһͬ
λϣһλӥ˫۵Ѯ˫ĿǸһʱһɨһȻȶǰһѳȴտڹ֮£һ˿
ĿҶ֮ʱһ⣬ӥסҰã¶һ˿Ц⡣
棬ǸͷҰסһֽ۵İѮ̣΢ֵȥֻ̣λ̴ʱŹȣ˫Ŀգһ˯ģ
ȳ֮£⸱ٱǺܲŹۣȴֳغÿȻӡ̡
󷽵һˣǸʮӣһӢ룬÷ǳ㡣
ͣѧԺԪƽƽ˵ݽޱ


115 Ϧ
ԵĴ£һ˴Ӽŵϯ̨Ҳʮӣ
˸ոϯ̨ѮݸߵļҶƽӲȴһʦķơ

ѮһԱߵٱųȡ
ָʾŵһչ

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ŵһ
ѮȲԼҲͣ˵˾䣬ֱϯλ
ҶԱߵܵλѧԺ˾ңͬʱҲݴԺһְߵλߣѧԺĸ֮䣬֮ǰԺסλǸǳҵӣұߵ½һ֮Ϊ书һĵһˡ
ЦѧԺĵͦ밡ӡ֪ûʲôϲ
ϣô֪оϲ˷ܵһչֽȣ£ĿȴǶҶЦյȷиϲδʱܡŶλ㣬¸ų밲
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ԵıӰҶһЦ
½ȴǴǰֹϵܣǴ˵е˹İɣ
͵ûöСһûƨ
Ŵǰϸ硭˵Ǽжʤ㣿
ⶼǸ֣ǼСľ͵ɣ˲ˡһƲ죬бۿһżĴɵĶűǰɣ˭ϸ磿үү
ϣүү˳ƺߴ۵ⲻǸʦ۵ôȻүүˣڲزסİ˵һøѧϰء
٣СƨĵòʱСϲ㣬ġ
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˵úãЦӶѿˣҵȷ̬ᣬеѧˡýүүˣд磡
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ৡ
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ৣৣ
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һž䣬һʽС
ǧ˱ݿġ񽣡ʽǺϽУͬʱҲһ壬ɵ壬䵱ǧѱһ䡰ǧӡˢˢָҶ˵ʱǧ˫۾ͱľ⣬ҫ۷Σ˶Ǽֻ֮˲ͻ־Ϊ֮һᣬûиεѣҲ֮ģӰ켺ơ
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ˣһҲûз۾ˢˢλꡣ
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Ը֮ϯ΢΢һ֣ʾټ
ǰ
һͣ˵һȸߺȵӷԣ̡
һԭĳʱΪ֮ơ
ʲôʦҪϳһһδҵѧӳ𣿡
ѧԺʮ֮һ϶һġ
٣ǲ֪˰ɣǰǷʦֱ˵裬˵ķŭ˳ʦֵġ
ɿϷˡ
ãŵ㱡͸ѧԺ԰ڣ͸øǵѵ
ԣЩֱǣ֪֪Ŵɵĵ̺

ֳһƬҺɫһȵཡ
һ𣬶ʱȫͣص䳾ÿ˵ĶӶŷһ㣬ԴǶͣ飬ҵֳʱΪ֮һ
ɨȫɸֽ̣˲֪棬ͳ𣿷ԣ鷨йٱʷпĿȴ¯δ࣬׼̡
롪Сһ׼˷Եʸ䶼ˡ


116 ʼ
гǰԭӻԾıͻȻ䵭
ĲΣע۵̲ͬԸв̫ĵӣǾԲ涪˵ġ
캭ɸָ̡
δ䣬Ⱥٴɧ
캭Ķӡ
һԵζɾ̫ˡ
΢У΢΢ͷæٴκȵ캭С
˳캭³˵񶼲һˡΪѧԺһܳӵĴ̴ֽɸпͷ
ŵӶ۷Ž⣬С
ű˵ļֵŵӶһӢеľӢ˻ѡǸ֯ġӡ֡
ֹΧĳ캭֮⣬ʮŵӡ
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ֳʮ˿̨ս̨վŵˣӮҡ
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ڵıЩѧԺĵʵ书ƽƽûʲôͷ
ھ𣬲֪ٴսɱܵļһֻҲЩǿࡣ
ЩŵȻϽȴΪ壬һӣ˻һģĳʩչĽǶҲû˿𣬺޸ԿԣνձƵģ˹ɡ
Ҷ˵Ĵ˵ɣѧԺһ˵Уȴʮơ
ߴߴ֮ɢճֳһȺ鼤ܵĳ档
Ҷ˲ΪɳĬʡ
ʱ̨Ѿվ׽ɱĵӣһʱϣַǳ
һܣµս̨
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һ֣СϹ¡
˵У½½ʮ꣬ƴϵʮˣİСݿ㣬ȥ½Ψ֡ӣ˵ʮ꣬˵ʮ궼š
˵ǳ֮󣬶ʱŵһƬȻ
ʲôȻϳ
ǿѧԺ𣿾Ȼˣ
ѵΪСӾͿӮ𣿡
ǿ벻̣ѵǣǧ飡

һߵϯ̨ϣɫ࣬Ŀкҫȴһ仰Ҳû˵һԵĳƺ˾ѣ̨ϣҡҡͷôϳĶǺӣ
ǴһЦҶ˵λδϷ˰ɣѧԺġ۵աȻֽ֮ѵ֮£µӳֶЩֶΣɺˣδⲻɣ
ЦŴȻֽ̣ȻҪֶΣ⼸СǱžĵӣҲ֪ϤѧǳɸֶΣǺʡ
ЦȻǹɵҪǱΪѣӦˡ˴α峡ֻɳˣĪһˣλеһˣ
ҺǺһЦҪȴԱߵҶص߾ʹӣǷҪֳ峡ʤҲðúܡüëҶָָѧӣĽܳô࣬ѡһָУҲˡ
֮ŭǿѹͷŭ𣬳Ҷѵ˼ֻҸӣָ䣬սʤɾľӢඣ
Ҷ˻Դô˵Ȼ֮ӣҲ˼û

һΣѾǹȻѧԺĽѧˡ
Ҷһ仰ѧӼΪҲȫ˲еĽѧ
˲䣬˺ߵλųߡվ׷ָҶĿ
ҺͺһۣСʦܹ⼤ŭԷмܹȡʤ
ԽݣԽѡ
ѣ˻δд˰ɣ
ǧ괫УЩީСɿģ
Ҷ˿Ϸ˵Ҫ³ֽһˣҲָָ㣿

Ҷһ˦䣬صһȣ˷ϣƳƳǼ׷ԲԵ࣬ǧ괫ôˣǸȻɵݣֻѧԺǿ󣬻зˣȻۣһɢ𣿡
㡭ҰҵȱŮ׿󣿡һ
ôܣҶôܱȵ׿˼ҿһִݻ˷ǸǶൢڼѧӰˡ
ǰ߿һʹȥų
ˡʱԺֹ˼һۣαسѿ֮³°ɡҶѣ֮ԣѡһ˰ɡ
õġҶһָɡ
ȫѻȸ˳ָתͷȥ
ָĩˣƫƧĽ䣬һĨĽ֮ɫСۣӳ


117 ȭϳ
ʱԼֻǱ˵ĺƨɣһ԰ǸҲ˲ĸо
оģֺֹһꡣ
Ҳ߷ѵǿƿڴĳ嶯Ǵ㶵ĵӺͣǵӣ˭ǰ棿
ԭֻ͵ֵۣһ£Ŀ֮£˵ĿȻԼɵӲͷƤϵΪ񣬵ʦѧ֮ƣֻŵӣְۡ
ŵӣѮ̳۾һУЦǺǵʵҲжʮˣǸŵӣѧԺˣ
֮ƹĸϣѧԺȻѧ꣬ڴ֮ǰһֱڼҶũϰһЩա
ʲô磿ϰˣ֮ʵ
Ԫ죬似С彣ʮ
֮Ʊ˵Խ࣬ԽԽȶֳΪҪĳϣĻشˣη֮⣬˾ȡ
򵥼Ĵ𸴣֮ƳѧΪȷ΢浹Ϊڣ̸£֪
֮ƻش֮ʱһķӵؿ֮Ƽۣɵõ˵ͷתҶ֮ǰἰĹ֮ӣͽ
ҶЦŵͷ
ԭ֮ǰ֮УҶѯ˼ѧԺǷĹʾɣӦ˽ѧԺ
˼ֱΪ֮ϯ֮¾ݣΪ˲ǰ̣ʶѧԺ
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ֻӸ˼һƢ䣬ЩûбѡС
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꼸ιȥҪ֮ǰĻߣ¥϶ַ£ʼʩٴξأ
ֶΰֶΡҶѺ͹ο𽭺ձ˾Ǽʶءҧгݣ̲סһ֣ȡʤһԣȥֽһɸУ

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Աʷɭϣһʱʱ糤Ĵ̻
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һ֣Ա֪Уйٱһӣ½ͷ£ǺɨȴǡءֵĿͷ
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δϵ½ʵȫûпȻɳȥһɾ룬ñܿԵĹΧнһͬƾһ㣬ץŽƵĳԶԶƽһ˲䣬½ĽﵽһĳȣܿԵʽƽֱ˫۶

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ηԲҴ⣬ֻ֮ձʶ˫ȴԽŴʣּ½档
ݡ
ʴʱסһȣȴһϣֱʡ

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ƣæɣһʱͷð׳֡
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Գһйٱʼæǰ
½һжģƯһ޶ȴƵ÷ֻ˰֣һƪͤȻֹʹȥˡ
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ʱֻаƴС½ǰѾǴһ˴С
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䣬ѾʷѹƵ½棬ͻȻһԭط
ЦһٳУϽͻȻһԼ˲䱻õɶ𣬻ûӦȫȻʴϵĹӲӡǰһԷĽѾʺ


124 ָ
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֪ʱµѾȫ˲ʴԭΪԼʷѾȫѹ˶֣벻ǣԷƱȵüΪңʵǳĴߣʴڵ档
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㣬ǡڰյķŭӣɴ˫ۿ½档
½ٺһЦûҲ쾳Ϊ⼸ոͻƵġ
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½һûңƾʲôҵΪңҲʹҶû˵ʲôƾʲôͳˡɡأѧԺĵ˷ѽⰡ
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峡ĳô⣬ѧԺ涪ǲʵ
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ڴʱͻȻһȣƣ
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ʱ캭֮ƵĽ⣬ǲת򣬱Ȼ͸
캭ϾһĽܳӣΣ֮ʣһŤżȵ䣬ֱ̤֮ƵĽ֮ϣȿһӣٴε˰ա
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ʱ֮һ캭ףһűһʽƥġӴ塱ϣ캭룬ɾʱ֮ƽģӾȻûվȣʱý֮תһֻϡ
ֻ֮һգԼȻ캭һֻЬȻܿƣֱڵ֮ϡ
캭յɳȥ࣬ʧȥһֻЬӵ˫ڵˣֱ߰˲󣬷վȡ
ʱһɺ֮ⷽϮ亹˲ʪ˺󱳡
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ѽȥҶץͷƤһֻŲϣ֮µ֮ƣСʵĵľͷô򵥵Ľܳ


125 ˽
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һԹֻ֮ᵽܵ棿
ϯĲһеġ
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Ҷһ֮Ƶļ򣬺ȵӣ㻹а˽ᣬһ̿ʼֻýУתҵķԸһСй֮顯һСʹʮТԡסβ
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˸У֮ϤĽûа˳ʩչǴ̽ķ򣬻ǽŲķλǱŤ
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ֳһƬЦ֮캭һ
Ψϯ̨ϵʹˣͻȻüϸϸƷζ֮Ľ
Ƕ˶ǽңֻԺһͬʱɫ䡣
ݺץס֣㺰
ڳϣҶҡͷ֮̾ƣСӲŰѧȻ̲֪֮ͨˮѾֻýУؿڹϣɹؼʱ̣㻹ٳУܲͰôôѭ浸أʹÿһЩΪ֮
һԵʱ֮ѣȻҪ˳֣⽣ȻԲѭ淶ֻóá
뵽˴һᣬѸشһСй֮顱ʽþҲδλ;б˳ƺɨʹˡǴ
ҶԣһУʹġס֮ʱýʹꡣ
Ҷɵõ˵ͷǿͨˡǲ˳ԸС㹻ˡȥ԰ɡ
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ġҶȻһЦмƳ캭һۣЩʽ֪˳Ҫ㿪Ҳ롣ƾ彣ܳŵڰУǲˡ
캭һԿףȫİܴε漣֮չʵ׼𣿿Լ˰ɣ
ˡҶһ䣬ȴ֮ҪϳʱͻȻܵشܣǰаҽ˳м˳򷴹һС֣


126 Ļ
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캭һѼнռˣ㻹붯֣ѵ˼аɡ
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캭һ죬Ȼÿ׼Ҫ
֮ﻹҶһ仰䲻ȳ֣ʶؾὣ񵲣ȴ϶ͻȻҶĴȣԹ𣿡
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ԭнȻ˾˵ķ
ŵӷŷһأһýѧء
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ˣ־ˣ
ѹȡʤҲ붪һ˿棬öսʤԼ
ǣҪӣ
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Ҷ޵УҲ㽻棬ȡʤ
ǣٺãȴȻûϵԼ龰
Լ缤һײɽ֮䲻ǽ棬ǻ֮ƵĵУɽ赲ء

캭ĵ׳ԾȴǴϲ
һУֻŽֻʽҲᱻصԼӣǱҲ
Ӷݣ
캭ǰϮһ̣ɲǼ䣬ٿȻƮƾײѪȻƮȥ࣬Ȼء
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֮ƵȻԭסһУҪĲǽҲǲ۽񣬸Ӧı仯ԤжһеֶΡԭҶָʾֹϲȻѾӶݣأ֣ˣ

һ̣ܽŵƻ
ԼʦŰܸˣǶˣԼҵԼҵĽӮ˸֣ǱǾϲˣ
캭һʱĿɿڴ̧ͷȥԼĸȻȥĪҶҲӰȫޡ


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̳ҶֱĶ֡
ԷΪ޹׵ܵܡ᳾
嶼һδҶʵڲ֪οڣ˵һԼúܴĻ
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128 
ҶصɽСʱؿڻʹ΢΢Ż
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ĽŲҶδͷɶԷͤ¡
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ҶڱߵϣνصѧԺеһ򲻼ѣûεĴжɵĸҲҡο᳾òף˵ˣֻԺ󻹻ҵ鷳
˼һʱĬ
͡
˼ͻȻʧЦ꣬ٲͣԴǰִƼ˾ұ뿪ѧԺû뵽һҵļӣĶӡֻ֪֮󣬻ӹҡ
ŶҶǲ֪飬֮ƶ캭֮٣ⰲš

Ҳ֪ɡ
˼һ˷ܵ̾ҶСѹȻݺᣬ벻ѧҲоȻý⣬֮СӶ򣡡
ҶæϵɲҵĹֻ͡Ǵӽеϣжϳǵãѧľ壬ػȴ֮
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ҶҪϣ
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ԷͬδֺãֱɳȥʮɣѪһ㻺ء
ҶֻԼ˫类ώһۣͷһ˫֮һƬѪۣЩѪӡǲͣԼľȥΪĵʹ
ѪپơҶ̲סһæת̫Ԫ񹦡ֻ׹һѪɫƳ⣬һ˦öѪڵص֮ϣʱһƬ̵ľήá
ߣҶ壬ʮ⣬һϮϣͷĹüΪɳƵ˵
㣿Ҷ۾ɴ󣬿ŶԷˮһСĹӣһʱĳ
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Ҷ˹ʺܾ´ξûôˡʯĦ˻һ䣬ȥ
ҶһҧҪ׷ϣȴ󾪺һ˼Ȼ֮ˣȴеҶСѡʦ

ҶȻͷȴǱӰȻУֻǴʱȫϺڣнС
ˣ
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˫ĿȻ岻ɵò
ڳУҶͺ֪ͤλͨү
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129 ˺
绨ʧ٣ԣͻ¼ҶʤϲõȻ޴档
һõϢҪ𣿡ƺҶ鲻ãɷȻϽͣЩϷʵؿҶ
Ѿˣʲôġ뽲ҶЦ
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130 Ī
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ۼӪɶüͷʱһϵԺɳϺʱģ˾˵ĴԺݣҲﲻԺͷϡλذɡ
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131 Լ
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132 ʶı
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ûϵҶôһУԴ󼱣ȵҶʲô˵أòԸţ˴𣿡
ҶٿȻһЦԣ˴ʱ㻹װ⣡յĻңɵĲɣﲻ츮ɣҲû̹ֻµҵģǼλصѰɣ
һ䣬ŵûҪȴһȫ̴ͬһ㣬ӿҶڣԼȴǻ˵ڵء
۹
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¥ĴٿȻƿ¶ͷɢġԪʱġİ
ԪһЦ󣬿Ҷּˣ
İһƳ룬ЦһΣҿҲѷ˰ɡ
Ҷһ겻ɢѧԺƮҡҲʱң
İЦȻΪѧԺƮҡҵȲǰ

϶ﹴᣬ벻ҲûŹ
Ҷʱ޵
Ӱ׷ף԰֮дΧ
ȫǾĸ֣ȸ콣صҲȻС
һ۱ҶסͬһԣİмصͺһʵǰæһҶʶҵȼıģ
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133 
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ߺ֮鵴ƮԶеĻӦδ֡
İԪΧڶ֣ϸһ˿Ц⡣
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һЦİ̾һޱҶСѣֺαڴ̬ѵΪҵȲ֪ҹΪ
ڣҶ񶶶ٴζϺȡ
ԪһϷʣɭȻҶأ
İһԽҶҵ֪˾гԹҲ벻ͽȻ˾֣
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ǱˣѧԺĴ˾ꡣ
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ԪһЦ״Ϊ⡣
İЦ˰ҡ

İδ䣬ҶͻȻͬһ㣬һҽС
˾˴ɱˣɱְΧ츮ҿ˰
Ҷһ˰벽񻰵ĹʩչʨӺ𡿵Ĺһ˲ͬľף𵴵ðǣԴΣµǣѾۡ˵ѧԺǺɽϾ˼Ҳŵһ
Ҷ㣬㡭ҡİû뵽Ҷ׽Ȼ
ԪһҶΪ𣿡
Ҷһԣȵݺҵ֤˾ɡϣҿôݺǣٺ٣Ȼδ֪֪һɱ꣬Ǵôһǰץҿôͣ
İԪһ
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ɱԪŭͬʱ
İɳߺȵȳԡҶѡ
䣡
סױŰԪŭһƣڷԲһɷΧ֮ڣȰ벽񻯸ֵȫһƣֻ±Ҳᱻϸ顣
Ҷ㲻ȻӭԪȥͬʱֵԷһݣһʵĴ𣺡Ҫɱ
Ԫŵһ£ҪԱһƴ¿¾ĸ˵ˡ
ΣͷԪӲԱ߳ƣת
ƫɾʱҶһСơֱͬһߣһӴƱ˳Ԫƫʱķ϶˽ȥٿȻһơΪʮơ޴ХӭԪǰ
ԪûϵҶƷȻô֮꣬ǰϵӲƴӲȫһ·Լв£ֻȫһҶƷ޻εӲƴһǡ
࣡
񱩵ٿȻɢԪӿȪһѪܿƵȥȻҿ˰ߵ¥

İ벻ԪȻҶİжûн㱻ԷùֱӺ˳ȥ
Ȼ֪أȻָˡ
İ߽꣬ʶȸľʶԪĿҰֺҲʶĻ¾ΨûѧõôҪҶ
Ԫһлɵɲǣİ֪ԼûоϣͶȻֲãҶʼʩٴֵԼһ̲סһݣбֱͣԵĲ
ʱԣȻܶڲԣһжС
ʵ޷İȻԼ¶֡
ھԼͶӣûо˼ʹɱֻ֣ҶԾжʱһƬң̲סĿ

ҪͷҶȴǺһţİսϣǺһЦ߹룬û̲ס˰
İһŭûõĶҲ׸֮ҪЮƻǵļƻˣʣҶնɱٶ֣
ɱ
İ֮ǰж˰ĵڶ֣ٴκХɱ
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һһĬɵɱҶ
һת˵ĵתγɾ޴УвУޱӴֱӾҶ
ҶȻ¶ԷĽ磬ޱߵȴӰĶ
С
Ҷһתڤ񹦡һɿ쭵ֱȻ䣬磬ڶըѿ


134 Ա
֮£ܹвҶĸ֣Ѿָ콣صֵҲǺͯİϷ
Ԫһлˣ޷׳ֳ֣ܹвģҲֻСİԼ֪ٵġףˡ
ˣ
޷вҶᵢԼĳ֣İһȣľӦҶ

һ׺Ҷʱεǰä
ȴİһϮ
Ҷ˫Ŀæʩչ貨΢ٿȻӰİһʱա
Լˣ벻վȻⱻռ˱ˡ
ҶغŬ۹ۿȴϸոտ۷һƬǿ⡣
ҶŭУɵʮɣһײľ
İ֪֮СϷ겻뽭Ȼû˼ǵҵġ⽣𣿡
δ䣬
İĽϵޱǿ⣬жֶ޷Ŀӣʱ˵Ҷľ֣Ҳ׷ײĿ̧ͷ
İġ⽣̺ڽ֮У̼޷ۣҪǿΪ֮֮ϹΣգͬʱ⻹вĶЧ
İһҶΡ
İЦҶΪԼṦͿԶÿҵġ⽣֮£ƤҲܲҽϮ

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Ľ
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ꡰĽġһ⺮վݡֱ֮ҲĿäİⴿġϵ˺ȻҪ޷ͬն
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ХԾնȥ񱩵ϿУƾҫ۰׹ζĿѾһϣڿС
ܹսľ뷢֮ҶµġʮơεҧסаȻµĽ
Ŀɿڴ˲䣬еİ׹ٿȻһȫ𲻼

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ͬʱкҲκһشݹ
İϣҲڸһ˿Ц
ɾʱİɫһǡýЦȫȫסͬʱԶƮĽкҲôǡֵصֱǶܵĳ
ʱҶյƻδջأѵĲߣ޿ɱܵʱһ죬ŮһĴдָסĽ档
Ľ⣬ͬϨĵݣɲǻָԭΡ
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Ҷͷ΢΢һЦ¶һڽ׵ݡץסˣ
İ˲Ŀɿڴ
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ҶַתȻɳȥʮɵٿȻһͦһǡβ޴βȻİظ֮䡣
ǶϽ۵İͬŵڵҶһƺ˳ȥֱҽȻߵ¥֮С
Ѫоĸ𺳵ôľ
仯ʵ̫죬˭Ҳû뵽ҶȻķһİĽ֮£֮ûУΪʲôҶָֻסİľһأ
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İͷɢѪ۵شӷ˳ǱݺݵصҶг˲ŵ顣
İ𽣹˵Ҷֻǡ쳤ؾòϳһת׶ʱˣİ΢΢һЦûʲôܡҲ˽ĽԣҲ˽ҵ书Ϊû۾޷Ӧ𣿺ôҲǷǸϹˣѵΪû취
İ˲ͣѿڶǡԪôܣôᡭ
ҵȻᡣҶڶ䣬ϷʵҵĹ

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ң
İȻû˷֮Ҷʹɱֻ֣ܵɴ˫в
Ҷᱻֺɱвס
һ˿Цƿգ޾ӭͷ䣡
ˣ
һȴӱȴδֵġף
Ҷаðͷת֣ͣ
ɾҶһнӡİԴϵʱ䲻ףĴ˶Ҫ𣿡
ٿȻͣ٣
İ治һ硭
ඡ
İʶһɣֱڵء
ҶٿȻתĿʮ֮ϣףͬƽ𱦽ѹһ˾ࡣ
Ů߷ѵҶȴǴľ
̣
ҶԴ׻
TMD
ץʣҲҸ״
ǡڴʱܸԶĵطӰ׷ףһȴ־˵Ľ棬ѧԺĸ֡
ҶģһƬӿȺУԼԼλʦ֣λѣһص÷ѩ

˵ġԪףߣһ̵°ͣҶЦҶϣбٶ԰
һֵ̣ҶһƱ˴ľ
÷ѩһ˫ˮ˫ֱ㶵ضҶȻתͷ̡
ҶȻŭ
ܳ갡ȺSB


135 Ƿ
ʲôûɣ÷ѩӯӯĿ֮£ҶȻЩ޴롣
죬ףСԴżҶء
ʲôⲻҶãԪ˿ֿ̣˿÷ѩȵСӣ㹷յƭ˭ôƯĴ椣
ף̵ָľ˱ƣһѪ˳ֶ䣬һЦǲˡ˵˵ɣСӣ
ٿȻתͷҶڽµԡ
ԴʱȫҧгݵصҶҶ˵δϲã
ҶһŽѹ㻹ǷǰҸȷǳеöˣվֱ˵˵
͵̧ͷһ˫ͨ˫ۣҶЦеöˣվ̵ֱ֪֪⣿Ϊܵܵĳ𶼲㻹˵ûС
סڣ
һȣͲס˻Ҫ˵ҶΪ޵ѣֻ֮ͨѣɱҵܵܣһҪѪծѪ˳𲻹죬Ҫ˼ȥĦҵ⡣
һȫĬ
ԪףһۣЦ
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һڸֶʱЦ
ҶаʢһУڵصİ˲䵽ϣŲӣСһ
ҶʲôףʱһָƵø㲻Ҫҹûˣᣡ
ٷϻҶŭĿӣѣ顣
ԪȻһЦҶСϣ𣿡
㿴ҸҲң
ҶааһЦ͵סİۣһŤǡ
ܼĹİ˻ҽУȫ˶Ǵʧɫ
ףԪͬʱȡ
ףָһʹһ໮һѪڣѪ˲˳
Ҷ˫Ŀһٴİұۡ
Ҫ
ס֡л˵
ԪףͬʱҡֹǶҲ벻ҶֱǸ첻ߡ
ڴʱȴһЦףԪ񻺻˵ҸҶ֮ĵˣǾɱңҲòҪġ
Ԫף亹ֱðԵҥԡ
ףƵĲԼЦҶСѡú̸̸Σ
ʱͻȻλʦǧҪϵ֣ҶǵĵϵⰡ
죡ףϺȣûõķҪ㣬˵Ⱦأ
ҡٴһţԼѾԷȫˡ
ҶһЦ˵ӣùɣ
ʱԪףоƬ̣ףȵҶҽʣ͵յûзΣ
ðҶ΢΢һЦ˻İֲ˲ȽµԣЦһһҽⶫҲɡ
Ԫһûõʦţѡ׾죬˵ȻɫźãҶСԼŴðɡ
ãˣ
ҶĿʾ⣬ҺͺԽڶף
һߣ콣͵ص˻Ҷ
ţ
ڴʱȺһȴֻһװĴԽڶŭĿҶ;λɨȵǵʲôطѧԺıɱ˾꣬޽˭뿪
ԪƳһۣܳȺӵѧӣͷһЦһȺ֪νĴҲҾǽ
һѧӵ󻩣
ΪİҶУƮݺҶıѾκá
Ҷ˵ģ̫ʣ©̫࣬ҶΪѡ
ѧԺɣԪŭȻȻк
̫ŭһǺһմԪ

ףԪκһ˳֣Զĵص𣬰нһ
صһɨɣ˷ɳȥʮԶغϲͣˣվȣһƨڵϡ
һг۶ϣֻڱңѪֱ
ѧˣʱ˵һ仰


136 ־ս
ۼ˫ʣף˸ܽŵӣ̲סһЦȵԼСģ¥ϵȥˤ˲ӡڰ˳䡣
ԪؿڣҶһۣתͷŸ֣һ߷׷ԾԾԵģҲһЦȻôţͷһЦŻţ򲻷Źʱ̣
԰գŹЦ
ѧԺ
һȺ˻ϵ£ҪϾţͱˡ
TMDʲôֻ
ѧɣèɣҲǿ

޾ĳڶ֣һ·ﳤȥ
ͽѧԺ½ӽϯֻһ߷ߣȴһ˸ڳ֡
ΨһֵĴ㶵ڵϣ˫ĿѾ˼㡣
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بŲһεõ֤
ϧǣѧԺǧ괫У񣬾ȻƲӵ˳̶ȣµḡƫƫûǿ
ѧԺ˲ŵѾǰܵԸӵĵزˡ
ҶžŹһԶȥıӰɵó̾һתʱȴ÷ѩλ˸նӣҶʱͷ綷̲סתߡ
ӰһЦصǰһѳסҶɤЦʵСӣǶ㲻ģҪҪϸҴ֣֮
ǡҶҧгݡ
ף


ˡ
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ûʲô嶼ʱΪº飬й
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ҹһЦáԽЩ£棬ԱѵʦţͶЧֻϧ²ܣˡ
أҶ̾һʡ
Ҳؿ÷ѩһۣѩû˵ѩ飬ǲΪԣˡϾҵӵܣҪؼ壬ڲá
ԭĵ°
ҶĪһɣʵղ˵ͶЧǾǷǸ󣿡
ûǾһʼįıķǸӣѾͶЧˡ˱裬һڣǸٴηˡͶЧĶڶʦ̫Ĵ£ǿѰʦֻ̫ÿޣùǸ󳯲Ϧǰ;
ҶǸһȴͻȻһһ˿ϸ΢ɫһ˵ҲⶨݱȻǸϹŰ壬ʳŲҪҵĻֻһ˳ɽǸԻع졣
˭Һʵ
Ҷһһ١֮ޣۣ㡪
΢΢һЦʵ»˵ҲĻ䣬룬Ըٳɽ
Ǿʹӱһ󰡡Ҷ̾˿ĽǻиŮʲôģ

䣬һЦͬʱһƿ֮ԶȥŽĵлҶʾм飬ūұ㲻ˡ
Ҷŷ΢΢һЦ㵹ǻ˳ˮ顣
ܺùʱ㣬ŤŤ˵ɣҶֳ÷ѩ˼۾ЦǰŵóͷΪ㵲һһծвʶȤŮӣϸ͹
ҴЦȥȴҶЦá
͡
÷ѩնЦҶʱů
һֱܹԵġ
Ҷһץס÷ѩ裬Ʋ
÷ѩȻͷ
Ҷĵѹֵʱ󶯣һչȥһ
ˣˡ
ѧԺ֮ϵʾ˿𡭡
Ժʱҳһţڶַ׷׳ݲ鿴
ʱӴӿһŵӣɫţֱϾСլȥ
ʲô£
Ҷһѳסһŵӣѯʡ
ǵȻЩԾʧصˡˣҪսϴҡ
ǻʱ𣿡Աߵĺͤʵ
ô֪ǵһ˦Ҷ֣ѧԺֻʦˣʦٳŲסѧԺͳˡ


137 ɽ续
ʱֵ硣
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ѧԺĵǰΧӹƽϣϾվ˫ʮɣԷһһ絴ĺ룬Ŀ
˶Ĺ㳡ǷԲﷶΧ֮ڣһŵӽ롣
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Ĵ鰲ˡŭĿͷӺƳ֮⣬Ķ
һ࣬˼Ҷңͺͤ
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λŴʦʱһɽ壬⻷Ϊһ壬켸ȷǰûһ˴ڡ
죬֮ͬ£Ƶ·ǵûƣԵ⻷룬γԱȵ档
ͫ׺ȻһȫȻ
ϾˣɽһӴѹӭ
찵£еڶܸѹ
Ͼ̺ƣȫŷ˵Ŀڿ罣潻һɭȻĻ𻨡
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ûϵԼʵȻᱻϾһʶơ

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ʱҶҲ¶ɫϸؿ졣
ҶܲԷ׵˿˿ľ֮⣬˲޲
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ǱϾֵͼƿһУ̵̰ıŰ
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ڱŷϰգɢ̫һĹȣһ·Ͼ
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ʵ˵ĹȷѹϾһͷ
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һĴֿɤӾ֮Ʈ˸졣Ͼҵġ֮𡯣ġ˴塯ɣ

컯һƬƣϾ
ơһ֮£һǣƥ䷲

ϾƮ˫һƣȻ̣͵ֵĳɽ룬ǺɽУֻǵǵ㲨ƣʧȺɽ֮䡣
ϾȻģ
һһ˻ڰвͣػȦգ类ȼŨҵĻȦֻͣǰʱ䣬бһƬŨҵĻơ
Ͼ֪Σյʱ̣Ȳ㣬Ҳͬƣڻһ׳ɽˮصƲڵᡣ
Ƭ̹򣬲ɽȺɽ֮䣬дӼｭɽָ֮ɡ
ֶԾֻһ֮̽󣬾Ȼֱӽ뵽ಫ׶Σйս֮ˣΪ֮һ͡
ʱ˿ֻ̣ջգϴ󽭴ӡｭɽ续
ǽߵҶ˱⹵ͨصѹȵúѣʮ￪⣬￪⡭ӱڣָָ㣬ǰգѾʼߵأΪĩ١
ڿգ֪жߣأ֪ж
գǵϵŵѱЩڸǣ֮䣬ֻʣɽӵĶԿ
Ҷ˾ԺȻ
˶ѾŵѪɫҶµ˵ҶСӣǿǲ̫ˣ
תͷȵѾԤ쳷
˵һ˼󷽷ɱȥ
ҶҲǶһۣһɢڶˣȴ֮زز
ʱĻ֮Уٴĺ϶Ȼز¶صҲҪ֮£
һ䣬ٿȻһ
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ӣԺ֮ʹزʣξ֮С
֮ɽ֮е𣬺ȻȻֱȺɽȻӺƵǻصĻֱ䣬ɲǼ䣬Ϊ֮ڣȺɽΪ֮
ЦبţֱѧԺ֮⣬ÿһӱڵĶ֮ڡ
еѧʹ飬ֻѧԺˡ
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ŰɽΪ֮㸲һƬ
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Ц𽥻䣬Ȼֹ
ٳҵҲϨʱ򣬶ǴأȺɽƬȺɽ»ɽ緢Ӹɺԣɸı䲻Ƭء
ӣԺ
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һϮƮȻϾ¶ǳЦԺͬԳһֹΡ
ֻĹΣȽȽһ𣬶ϾԺĹΣǿƽ͡ʵҵĺȻżȺɽһīڹи֣ϾĻµ񻯱
Ͼ񻯾
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ŭģոյĽϾ졣
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ģ˷ܵ㵸е벻϶ôһ֣ȻǶƭˣ
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ԭڰ׽ӵĻɫٺͺ룬ʱȻȫҰףףҲһ˰꣬ϵüϲλŴʦ
ϣǡۼϾҪֲסҶæǰһѽס
ϾȻһЦ죬ͻ񻯣ƭˣȼһ˿֮ƭ졭ȿȣǺǡϾһܣͣҸţµһɡ
סҶ˫֣ϾϣģزʣΪۻĥѣʵγĥҵԣһʱ֮ңԹˣǴĲأҰҴʮ꣬շѡħպ󣬱Ҫˡ
԰գһŴȻš
ʦǵˡ
ҶһϾвʵ˫Ŀˮֹס
Ȼ֪Ͼнһ𣬵ͷҶȻƲסĵıˡ
ǰһȻֻһ䣬ֻһ䣬ԡʦ֮
ƿҡͤ˼ͬʱ
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ڷҶϾѾûϢ
Ҷ˫Ŀͨ죬ɫݣʦˡ
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ҶҡͷʧЦ˵ĵطн˱ǽܻرܵĵأ
ܸͤǻǰֵڵͽɡ
˭һˣʢ棬ѧԺһˣ˭ܹ򣿡
˳̾һ
̣䣡


138 
ϯףǰʩŽϯ͵һһɫȴ޷ڸеĵ⣬ֻòͣ棬װһݺģ
£ز֪վ˶ˣÿ˶ɫȻı飬ȴֳһ˿
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ŴϾһеĽأɣ̳ĵֻһƫнС
ԺȥԺλȥΪУļΪöλϺͽϯĴߴ٣֮Ϊ˰ѧԺֱģΪѡӦ
ҶҲΪαϯϣۿųԸԳı
мְգϯλϣѹѯʡ
ʵǳݣǷħӦ
һԵЦŵû϶еЦ𣿡
ͤҡҡͷⲻ˵ʲôܵĴٴΣΪе䣬ҲΡ
ڵʱվɾġҶ¶š
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һΨհ£ͷƽкá
ѹѹ֣£ѣĳоĴҹѹء

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ϵɫƣĿɨҶˣ˼ͣ٣һ˿â
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ڶŵӺȻƣ׷׷ԣԸ׷ơ
Ȼһ࣬ĬĴʱ̸󡭡Ժ֪ڵҪְкηԸ
΢΢һЦŴϵѧʶԨ似ڡ֮λãܻˣѣ˾һְɿУְء֪㡭
ԭݶʱһæֵԸΪ˾ǺǣԺԣֵ֮˾ץѧԺİȫԴ
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䵱˵棬ҪְλһһίɸԼҵš
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Цصֻһ仰ȺһȻ
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ԵжΡ˼䣬˵һ˷˼Ļ
һϲ˼ȣȻǿϧˡţұΪĸ֮
˼Ȼ̴ˡ˼ӣҪְǳ̴ҼΪá

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139 ҹݷ
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澽ӳн˹ȥ
ųӵұڲװͿҲʧһЦתȥ
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ͣѧԺľˣ¡΢΢һӣת澣ЦʵԺǾ͸ˣúõ̵𣿡
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̴Һα֪ʣҶȻһЦԭֻſ̴ҵ֮󣬻֮ȴͻȻòܾôȥܵøЩƱ˵ļµӡźá
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һʱ鵨ӣĸҵҶȳ֣һХвյ͵һ˦ֳ·ɢȥҶн·
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140 ز¶
һ֣еľʱ׵⣬תݱ⡣
ҶϷǱʮġ޷ʮȡ
ȷһҶʱе˷ȫǻް磬͸ǵľ粻Ķѹƾת䱾ȴͬһ㣬ٽӽҶʩչӲȭǰҲ޸һ㣬Х
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ͷһ䣬˫Ѿʮؽ
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߶ʮҶƵжӲĽϬҲȻ塣
糤𣬺˼ͷµĹٿȻնǰ֮С

񱩵ľʱһʵϵĳ产Ȼܵ綼Ҷһƴϯųն
ǵƻһ㣬ۡ˶ţɴ˿֪ǿһƣǾкεȿ񱩵
Էһƿ񱩾ףٶǳѸ죬ֻԼºϻʽδжԷԼѾҶһеȻţԾойţæȫ׼ӲܶԷһơ
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141 Ӧ֮
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142 ·ɽ
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147 ڶ
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ңҶĿһһɨһս÷ѩ֣һܡ

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Զľ΢΢СڣḬ̄޵Ѫľ⣬ɰͭ޷뿪һ
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ֻҪĻ𽭺⣬ԼҲ˳ѵĿܡ
ĻϢѪɫԽԽŨĪеЦ⣬ҲԽԽŨˡ


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Ҷȿܵ˲䣬ͷϴһХһӰХų˻䣬ֱں󷽵Ļݺ
ҶҲûϵԷٶ֮죬ֻ֮䣬ѵ˶ͷ

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ҶɫһףȺ־Լ˲Ҫå򷨣Ҳѹ͢ĸֻڴ˵ɥˡ


160 һ
ҶҲĹֻܼ̳һţǰȺֱͬͦɨػǹཡͣɨ
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161 ʥض
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ͬĿͬ˶ձ˶ϵãձ󺺱˳ơĮա֡
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˶Ĭѹֲֿգʵڲĺʱ
¡
ʱ񷶥Զһش˹˶ǺȻ̧ͷңԶ񷶥
ʲôµʵ
ͷȴ˵Ȼ
ˣ
Ƶһ֮ǰͬķ񷶥Զڰвɿĺ桭
˴㶵ؿķȴƺ뵽ʲôɫɵò԰Ѫɫֻǵͺһ컮С
Ҷһ㶣ҪʣȴקһѣȽȫҪ봬ף߶ˮǰС
ҪĻͰæһҶҲæȫ߶С
Ĵֵȫ߶һ˲Сٶȶ֮ǰĿͧҪѸ켸֡
˻ɽ÷ѩüǲ̫ˣȥҪɢˡ
ҶҲʣҪѯʣʱķһɾϮҶչʶȻܵˮı仯ʱɫһ䣬ٿһ㣡
÷ѩһ㶣ĳ̶Ѿ˴Σգæʩչ봬壬Ĵζסʱ䡣
ʱͻȻݵľ֮
˳Ŀһķһ¸ʵĺɫǽڶ
˶Ŀ࣬δ˵Ⱦ
ΨҶ̾һȵٿط򣬴Ҳܿʲôһңָӣ
˲쿴Ҷ
ȴǲڽͣ͵һڴˮ棬ͷʱתʮȷ򣬳˺ɫǽϮķ
٣
Ҷһȣȫ߶С
Сʱȫӭ˺ɫǽ
Ƕ¾ǽԽԽɱȳľӭѹڵ˿Ϯǽȴһ¸ʮɵˡ
Ӵֱ죬ŷ𶼽ӵ񷶥һ㣬ÿͷ𺳲ѣΪһľѹ
ݴʧɫʱܲסѹҶҪ𣿡
ң٣Ҷǵٶܲˣֻнϵͷ֮ϣǲ


164 صˮ
벻ҧ
дʣҶֲӵܣôᶮЩ顣
˾Ҳֻжˡ
һ棬ҶҲʱжϣҲǰӵӰѧģʵûЧһҲûС
ӭǹǵصƣ˶ǺΪֹ֮
ͷһں;˵ǰ潻һֻһ˲䣬˱ƷڵأͷʮȵĽǶȣ˳ȥ
٣ټ٣
Ҷȫ˻ɫͨ죬ͷŵޡ
СһϳȥͷĽǶҲԽԽͷĽǶȴﵽʮȵʱ򣬴Ѿ˵֮һط
ж֣
Ҷͬʱ߶бҲԼﵽٷְٵĳ̶ȡ
ݡ
Сﵽǰδеļ٣һֱ˶ˣСֱھ֮ϣƾһǶȣû󷭹
÷ѩȫάСĽṹͷбļ󣬽æһ٣ӲСȻˮ棬˷Σա
ҶЦһ÷ѩĴָ
תۼ䣬Сķ֮ĸ߶ȣۼҪһ˶ʱ򡪡
䣡
һ޴ͻȻˣٿȻײСײ
÷ѩһǿάִûбǿĳȴѾֱϵСˮ棬ת
Σʱ̣Ҷһʹʮơ͵һģǿķĻˮ档
һתͷ֮С
δ󺣣ֻȫһСٶ˲ﵽ֮ǰֱ࣬ӳͷԾϾ֮
ɵ˻Ĵϣȴڸǲסϲá
ϲòάɲǣҶͻȻһ㶣нСϣȻû÷ѩټɲ֮䣬׺ͷҶһһԾ֮С
Ҷӣˮֻ´㶵ı飬ȴʲôˡ
䣡¡¡
˺ѵŭţֱ硣
ͻݺȻ̧ͷֻѨ񷶥ʯڣͬƵƽˮ棬㲨ơ
񷶥ԭӲʯѿмĳѷʯͷұϵ䡣
ڶĿɿڴУ񷶥ϣһСɽһľң񷶥׹
˾ǣҵĶ˻վСС㣬ȫľԴﵽ벽񻯵ˮƽӰͬʧ룬׹ͬʱȻಫҵ˾ҵ׹ٶȺơ
ɳ壬໪۾ʶ㣬˲ϳ˶˵ݡ
촽׹ľңֻﰡں¡һУ׹ͷ˺ˮ֮С

һҵĺɨҶܻȫʩչҵˮɽͬƲһ÷ȥ
ŵĳҶ׳ˮ棬Ȼ£ҵĺĶĤͻľ֮ǰȣҪϺü
ˮȥѰ÷ѩټ˵ˮеĹҲⳡı仯Ūò֪롣
沨
ҶǿƻԼٴˣҲֹˮЩ񱩵Լ
ըĻڤٳûȥ
֪ǿˮƳȥԶʱаҹҶƣľ磬ڵҲڱıԵ
ڣһУҶĺײһӲұ֮ϣĻӦ顣
һץҶʸұ֮У˵ĺˮŰһ֮󣬻ȥ
Ҷƣſұ֮ϡ
ռеͳĺþò񷶥֮ϣǱôƤģ¡¡𵴲ͣƺӰ첢δֹͣ
ź˵ʯѵζԭɪɪĳѾγŨлһЩζصʪζ
˳һƬ±ڵ䣬͵ҶԱߣл񹦱˺ǿĳɽͬҶ㴵ɡ
ɵɰͷ۳ڰڰĶѨСҶʹƬѵʯͷ֮󣬶һѨϢѡ
÷ѩˡ
޴ľϮҶġ
İ֮˼ֻҪûһҪҵ
ڣһҪǻָ
ҶϥãǿԼȴһУȫתķָ

ڷǳʯʲôᶯ£Щ졣
ҶٿȻۣеĺڰӾһ࿴ȥ

һʯ죬һ޴ӳƬзڳһ֮⡣

ԼʵǱڵýƣȻûע⵽ԵΣա
ＴĺˮҲܴȻҲھбڵò壬ճƤѾͣѪ
һԵҶвԵŭɭĴ죬ԴԱߵͣĴţ³ʪĿһֻ۾ꤵؿҶ
ˡ
ּˣ˻˻ؽ죬Ӽ
תͷſ죬Ҷüÿһݡ
βֻһڣֱҶſҧ
Ҷ᲻һ˿Σʱ̣͵һմӲܿȭ־Ǻݺһȭ
ֱӴ˹ۡ
ۡ
ûҶƾܼȻһȭֵԴ
£Ȼ
ȻڴԣǿҶϢƬ֮󣬵ơ浶һĨпƤһѩ׵⵽У΢ؾʹ
Ҫҵѩ
ұҵָ
Ҷǿ̾ҵʳ븹С
һ֮΢ָҲԼڵͱڡ


165 ͨʯ
ҳʯмӶѨɪɪ䣬Ҷʩչ㹦¶
Զҳʥ̶֪ȥԼҲ綫ãȻͱڣ˳źһ򼲳ۡ
š貨΢ʩչԭѾյһĵҲ
֪ǲԼĴҶȫþʱ򣬾ĸоҲϸ壬΢΢ƺƤϵѪ͸˾֮ڣԼľ͵׳˼֡
ϸ۲죬ƺǲѪĽʣȷһ㣬ҲǺܱһ㣬ԼƤϵѪɺ罺Ƥ
äĿɳ۵ҶȻǰʯ¸һ֮һæǱĵؽӽ
һʯķ϶ӣҶɵóһǰɱȻǾòġɽϡΧɱԨš֡
Źڶ࣬ɽνԨŵѹơ
Ԩŵλ֣һѱľҶ£һĳ溣ҲľʧûЩӣ˽ƾϵĹɽϵĶ֡
ֻ֮䣬ĸߴĳԨŸ־һͷӵһɰɨСȣһڼ䣬ȳȵľºֻһ͵ؽ䴩˸͸
Т۵ĳԨŸֱһҪسǰǹѲڣϹһֻ۵һڱѪͬʱָһ࣬ҽУТ۵ĳԨŸֱ㱻ٳһֻ򣬵ʹధ
ЦһһŲڶԷؿڣ˵ʥģ
ޣ
һڴѪŨ̵ϡ
ɱãЦһ΢΢ʱһѵ졣
һϺٺЦǵТ۵ĸֵǼϵܣҲʹ죬֮ҲЩϽˣֻҪҵʥǱ֤ɱ㣬˵һαѧֵڤ粻أ
Т۵Ǽ޲ЦǺǺǣֵֶܵ᲻֪˵Ҳһٺ٣ֵ̫ܵȻΪ໪۾˵ضɥʧȫ裬򣬶ǳĵʹ࣡
׹»ٴλ
Ǽʹ
вӲˡҼֵټӵ֤ع飬ѵعǻ࣬ÿһ£޾ʹ࡭䡢鴤ʹʲôζβǺأ
Ǽޱտڲ
ɱ̫ˡԱߵԲۣǽҰɡ
ôϺʵ
ǾĴǼޣҲŶ
ܼ򵥡ϴӻͳһҩ«ɭ置ʬƳ棬ϸϼٰʬƳ浹ȥٺ٣úÿţúζԼıһ£һ㱻ҧãԵǸоһˬ
ɽͬʱЦǼѪɫŵÿ־岻ѡ
ϲԼ϶ӳԵĸоʵ˿־壬ӣʵ̫裬̡̫
Զ͵ҶҲǿ·亹ֱð
ãһЦÿӡ
һǰȥǼ޵Ŀӡ
ҪҪǼ޴ʱѾк«Ƴ桰ɳɳʳŵɫ԰ףæ˵Ҵȥ
ɽ϶һЦһѳǼޣžž˼ѨЦһ̯֣òǼ֣·ɣ
Ǽɫ粻ϻεĺ«һҧתһȥ
ɽԸȴסǼ޵죬ҲƵĳǸȥ
Ҷ˵Ȼϡ
ǳԨŸֿƶǵĲҵʬʱŵһģɽ£ˮ֮УΪʬ˴ˮᡣ
Ȼ÷ѩ֪٣ŵļʾԲ⼸ħŸСֻҪ˰Ϊ˻ԼпҲȥѰħŵʥ
ûĿѰʥҵ÷ѩļɻ

ʱֹһա
Ҷиɽϣˡڤλãһͻĵİ뵺ʱڿΪʥĴš
һͨصľ޴ʯ
һ˶죬һء
˵ʯĴϸȴǱȵ۹ûҪ֡
Ӵĵʯűʯ·
ǴűҲ찲ŻҪ޴
˴ţ滹һ˶Ĺ㳡Χʯ̨ʯסʯͤʯʯˡ
Ǽ޵˴˴˳һָţ˵ʯͨʥĴţֻҪ˴ţһ·ϣʥˡ
ô򵥣ЦǼޡ
Ǽ̾ϢһʯΪ˷ʮţӦʥʮÿһڵнԿס²ʮ֮һǹ鸽ĳڣû취롣


166 ͨ
ˡлǼˣ
ž
δ䣬һֱЦ˵ľһƱǼ޵ǣʬ塰ͨһڵϡ
ȻǼԼϣɽϾ
ȳȵľϸǸĹļƣթ֮ˣѰɱȴ˿δ¶
ԼͷӣЩεЦÿɱ㶼Ҫڰ죬εˣô֪˵ʵ飿
ֻƤЦⲻЦһ°ָָǰĴŵٺ٣Ǽٶνﻹб˰æֺαشһ׸
˳ɽϵĿ⣬Ҷ̧ͷȥֻȽյĴϣ׭дһ˶ġ֡
вһҶЦһ⻹ԩҲͷء
ȻһЦе˼ԭ˹ڵĵ̣ħһǲǵƤǲֻڰﺦˣ
һ䣬αֱԱߵһʯ
θƷХʯٿȻһɭɭЦӰһһȫźɫװȴĺˣվһʯ֮ϡ
ū
벻ԷҲѣҶӰȵɽۻˡ
һЦʯϹūӰЦϷֺϣŷʵ֮䲻תɽϾ첻֮ġ
ɽĵӣǴʱƣһЩҷ緶
ūһݣɤЦɽϣǺôĵӣɽĵطҲҷ¼ʦֽѵ𣿡
϶ʱһɭȻСҵȵȷЩ˼ɣϧڴ˵أСͷвҵȣֻͳֹˣ
˻һĹūʱһ㶣ԭƮζʱһʵ
ڴ˿̣ˣˣˣ
Ƶ졣
ȳȵľգһڽ£Ʈɶ𣬵ڶ;٣ڿնת˲ѵ˹ūͷ
»ͣūȻˣʯһ֮£ҳɷۣҲǵķ𴦡
ݡ
һļХ𣬹ūͬɫһ㻬ŸǰĹ㳡ͬʱ֮㳡ܶʱӰ׷ףǱصĹڸַ׷ӭ
ߣ
һлյľЦһͬʱͻȻϵӰ˫͵һƣھ̤ף
ϱѼΪѸʱֿ̼࣬׷ȥֱūͷ
մֱūؿڡ
ۼūǱ޿ɱܣǵЦȻ֣ڴʱūϡ߹âǽһ죬âԱʯϣūһݵһոı˷˲۷ɵʯ˴䲻ݷرܿ˾ϱɱһ֮̾Ϊֹ
ᣡ
ϵһٴգռһࡣ
ԭЦ˲üΪѿ̧ͷŲԶĹū˿
һԼľʱĹūҲǻðװģָ΢΢ϸ緢˿ıȻЦϹȻǡ˿
ЦǰĿɨΧֵĶʮڸ֣ڹūϣɭȻСӣѵȹھպ֮λ÷ĪˡҪ̳֮λȾҪʱƣڣǺ򿪴ţ˺ô֤òֻ֪ЧģߺߣֻϵĺôޣҪһͻƣɾҪʦΪ˱ס֮λɱˡ
ūһݣԼΪԼҲûо䵱Լѧ⡾˿֮󣬱Ҳòĵ㣬˵ҲʼʼԼ츳ˡ
֮ഫؽӰĽļط롾˿ϢϢأɣؽ޷ɡ
ūôһģϢʱûҲ
ɽ϶һۣЦ
ƣɽϵĴϵȣϵ죬ֱӦĺش֣ϵṦԼϹƻġϹ
ʱһҶˣҲõ˲ܲĵģǶԷĻ˵ʵ顣
ʵ飬ʵ顣
Ҳڸɽֶζıԡ
ʬ廹δȴǼޣǰ
ɽϴʱΪΪ˷ֻˣΪǰūʵЩѲɱҲҪЩʱ䡣
ʱֶ룬ֻҪֻ˹ūڸֲΪ塣
㲻ֻܷڹūĵҵӣһʱ˼ɣҲǼõġ


167 Ⱥڧ
ϲֱĵĸ֣һ˵ùūһʱ
϶֪ĿĴﵽٺһЦ׹ɨֳڸ֣Сֵ²˾İõģҰ
ֻ˲䣬ɽͬʱ֣ڸַ˹
ūֻһԥֳѾ޵һ㣬ҽѪһţʮڸ֣ɽϵĶ֣̼˴롣
ūһס֣
Ӱһɽϡ
ڴʱһҡҵĹЦТֵܣһֳлᦣһſɥƮƮشһƮʬȻ⣬ֻ˵۾㶵سŹūµūʦֹȻĻ죬˱ɱ޶ԣѹڣʬ̣֮
ūһ㶣λʦܣĪҪɽϵĹư
δ䣬Ա߾ѾһмתͷٴιĶ֮࣬ŵūϵܣ˴ʱ㻹ĴңĹɱڡʱϣڲѣ
㡭ūǸ֮ˣĻ
ֵܸǶӶϲ͵ǹūպвǼ̳йڴλý˻Ὣƿڴַӱ㽫ūѱļʵ
ϴʱǻϽͣȵūֵܲҶ֣ұԸ

Լ˵ĻδˣѾֵܵͷһֱֱ䣬ƷδбѺХƬɫƷһֶǰôһƬ
ϵĶŰ顱
һ񺿵ֵܶ˺ʩչҲһķһֵͣ趯бع磬ٵлɨ飬ʢĿɥҲХϵһƣ
飬
һ࣬һƵ죬ֵܶɣиһѪ
ԭղŵһĽУǰһöϢĽ飬Դ͵ϮǬûгɹټʶֱܷʱؿڣ˳ȥ
һߵʢӭϵһƣȻҲǱһɨɣѪ
δأṦ׿ľһ٣ѷٶͷһ٣Ҫȡ˶
ɾڴʱէ
Хɫһ䣬ջգֱˡ

һλΪΣֱӱϵյ
غڵ೤̵Ĺ֣ɽ뿴һ࣬ĹͥŲһ㻺ͬʱЦλϸ磬ǵݣֶԸ󱲣̫𣿡
ʢֵ𣬿˻
ֲøոն޿֣ԭ֪ߣֻΪ̫³çãĸһѵ˵ˡ
û֮ǣֻ˼գͶܣӵô֮ĵһ£ǶԸɽϣͬʱһָŹūȵūѸףˣͼǿ֮λ
ûСūŭ
ֵһԷģʱ˵£к壿ֲָ޶ãΣҿжϣǵȴжϰɣ
ãֵЦͽʬʹ࡭Ҫ̡
ūȻҪˣԼʦĶԼе̷ǼпܽڣͽԼԩǲԩ
̼ūĴ˲ûбѹڣûбʦҪݺңҲӦ
ֵܴЦȻʦԩģβҵ˵
Ҳ˵Ǿɱңūߴ
ĵ׾Ҫඣ
Ȼ䣬һڹū
ȻתĹһӰ֪ʱѾվ
ūɢܾͬĸһ
Ѿ֪ʦȻԼôģνͣӲһ
ԴУԶߡ
ū죬ĵĽ졭
һ콣Хľѹ۵ĻᶼûУУֻĹӰ⣬ǡ
Ѿ׼Ŀ˲䣬һ֧бб콣ʱ»Ϊһյһײһ
ô˻ūˣδ
ɭȻת־˵ɽϣҹ֮£ҲҪ֣
ϹһЦģǵзѣ㲻˵£Ƕһ
һŵСԺ鷳һҲ޲ɡ
ɽЦ
˲飬ļΪġ


168 
ĶҺ˫ɨɽϣٴɨδĹūһµʵ֮˵ɽϣס
ĲǴϣ˫ʵȣҪһԴҶûкô
ɽϳռˣϳԿҲȻಫ꣬һĿģǾ̸С
ȻĴһϱβסǵЦ⣬ʵʲôף
һָūɱͽǽʥ
˻棿ϼʡ
Ŀ¼ѪۣγһͼɽһʥѪΪ֤
ȵľ仰ϻ
ͬһʱ䣬һ٣Ȼū
ϣū˵׵ʱѾ׼ߣʱ˽ĿָԼΪһӰתӡ
ȻṦ߾һʱҲδ׷ū
ūմܳɾ룬ǰͻȻһȴǡǰЦūվס
ūһ»ΪӰɢ˷ȥ
һ㣬Ȼ֪׷ĸӰȴ߶СӹȻĻ죬Ȼڵġʮű䡿͵ѧȥ
һ֮׷ϣȻ߱ˣʮű䡿ĹӶ͵ڸūϵĿܡ
˵ūֿõƷ֪̫ܣҲ̫ûȫյĹ˵ûǲܵġ
ʱѾҪǾ;ԲɷŹ
ӰɶݣĻΪһӰֱһūıӰȥֻǺ֮Ѿ׷һǡơɫĹХǸֱӴܵĹӰʱʧһ۷ܿһơ
ҲˣӴܵĹӰҲ𲻼ֻôһ
Ĺ׿ת˲˹ūǰЦū˭ʦ˭ͽˣǰŪ
ūæڵأĵʦͽһɣ
ĲмЦѹܺγͷˣڶʦͽϣֻܸȫʬ

ơӭͷ£ǹūһӭϡ
飡
ơԺơ
һʱɫҶ䣬ֳ̻ţεһƬ
û뵽ūȻҲ͵͵Ʒû뵽ԷѾﵽԼɡ
͵ѧѧҸ㲻ãۼūԼһķɣѪأĹХһٴγ֡
ūȫһʯȥʱǹūһǰһӭͷһƬҵĻϮ
Ҳ룬ԭūġơȻȻӭֻ֣

һε̻ţȴһһ̻
ֻһɾϮŨҵ֮ʱѪڣ֮˲մȾֻǷȴ
ʣʱֵģǲڴ˴Ҷ
û뵽ԼôùĴҴܵĹūȻѡԼΪӶݵĳ·¹ūԼҲûϵԼ֮٣Ȼӳ졣
ɫмһӴܵĹūѲ֪١
ҶأۼͬʱΧǽ˷ʱ䣬ͬתȥʧ
ʲôϾ
ɽڣиֶؿһɫӰ˹ū
Ǹ¶ƤȻȫһƬѪɫֻһĴӣûټ
þòԼĶ
Ͽģ˵ʲôѵħŰлﲻɣ
Ƭ̲ɳɤȻ֪ǰҲΣաǷ񻹼
ɽ϶һۣЦȻ

ڵĴţûˡ
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171 ޿ɱ
ҶǱнɳ֮еʱʥǰĹ㳡ϣĸֿʼܳ֡
һŨɫǴӵر쭵ķɳҲûֹӣ˲䱬˲串˹㳡ϴߣֵң޲𹥻ʱ˫жأŲӣ°ĭƬ̱̣Ϣ
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һЦУ޴ӶͥŲһ˹Ǵһ߽˦ֶһ«ǸȻλֵĪֶ֣Ҳֲңнⶾҩÿ˷һܲپ¶
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СɳЦŵϾŹǸϵǳ׷龡үݣоۼϡҸǣﰡ㲻صľүͬʱ֪ġͨүҲ㰡㵹ǻáĺ󡯵ݣ󷢺أ
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룡Ҳ룬ԴǵصҪҵǮҪҵ
ɳһ㶣⻹ҪǮҪ
ϻŭҪӵǮûˣҪʲô
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ٺһЦҵȻˣɳƤ֤ʮĹء
ɳŤŤձʲô˵ҵ޶ȵġ
ҿһۣصĵħʬô


173 ֮
ħʬĸһڣɳ嵱ͣŭӣǿʮ꽻ϣŸᣬ㾹ˣңҷȣ
ۼһ䣬ɫ䣬µɳӣʥֻаħʬҿû㿪Ц
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ԼȻһСвʱɱ㣬һߣ֪СҿҸڲңˣҽͽ£Ƥǣ
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صȫйѪͬʱ飬žһֱ𵴳һ⣬ֱ˵档
ͬʱ콣ʵһҲش˸ߴ˵ؿڣϧײ촫콣һȻδдӲƤ档
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174 ҳһ
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ɱ
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һ˾һǺ´ѵǰ밢һ˫ӭϣԷĶ̹ӭһ

Ӵһ㼤ƵġٵظȻԷһ֮Ӳ˳ȥ
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һ񣬼ЩŵصǰĸߴӰһʱ侹Ȼ¶Ϊ顣
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һҧŷΪ֤ԼĲһ㣬һɱȥ˲սһš
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ⳡޱߵĻսУԭգ˻֮УȲ֪ǼɱãǼΪãԼҲսӶ֮ĵʱתЦһͷûˣ㵹ùһ̡
˵˫Ŀһշһƣߵ
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ɫͨ죬̲סһѪ㶵ؿǰҶ׿ȻԣۿԼ
ҶСӣô䣬Ҷһ׹ڵأǻյѨҲһ֮£⿪Ƶʱתȫ֮䡣
Ҷûصһۣ˿ܻҵĳ棬Ц֪һ㣬ֺαŪôĳ棿


175 ޱ
ҶʣЦصɱһࡣ
ҶһһҽŵĸִͷɹɫѿصηֹӲĸֶҪԭ·ѱȵ졭
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ˡ
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ҶΧռ䶼ʼ죬ŷռ䶼ܲôǿѹȣ𽥿ʼ롭
ǿѾʼ磬ɳʯ´Ʈɣ׷ڻۡ˿ʼǰ㣬ܲסɿ񱩵
ڶָֿƤֱŵؿҶȻֵָһɲǵֻԻء
ɱ
ƣסˣвʧ֮
Ҷ۵ǿ֮ǰΧɳˣԼսͬ飬ͬʱһҶɱ
ƺԽǿԽǵע
ֵҶûаڣ˫֮䣬һ̣γɵѾԺ񻯾ֵۼҶ˫ĿͻһһƬѪ֮ɫ
ɲǼ䣬˫ּɹΧΧİ֣ɢһǻҶû¡
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ڸȻԣĴݹصĸ֣ͬʱ֣Ҷǿź
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ǻδüһɻص֮


176 ħħ
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񡪡
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ֻħûʦǿһֻİСħˣϵһһţʣ²ȫ䶯ֲƣҲ޷ֽţսȻ롣

ҽȵħˣʼ񹥻ⱻʧȥжĸ֣ֱ̻ʣֳŷ޵һ㣬ŵЩܹƶĸ֣׷ȥ


177 ħŽ
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ʧ֮䣬ɳվ𣬴ȵ𷢴ߣ
δ䣬ʥڡ¡һӰƿͨɱ˳ͬʱƿڴͽ
ȴɽеϺ;ϣĿݡϹһ۵ȴûټԣȻϵСʧ˶С
Ҳѹ֣֣ǰ벽񻯵ľ磬ɽ֮ҲֻǿǬ൱һĵ˺ֻܻе׷ɱ
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ףԪЦһʱԼҡΪԮᵣͷ
Ԫ½ףػԣףһתȫۣ˾ͬһѳʵĽɫ󽣣â
ɾף˶ֵ׼֮ʱͻȻһޡޱȵĵĴƳ
𡢾ϸոշɳʥţһƬУͻȻһֻ֣Ȼץס˾ϵա


178 ħƻ
ף
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һ㣬׿ɥʧԵƵ̸ЦŷԷĻһ㡣
ӰηͤһöסĿˣվ׿

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һٿȻɨ񣬲䣬˻δӦǰӰһޱߵĺɫ֮£ڶ˺ڰɫ硣
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ŵʮǧƵġѪħˡߵϢҲΪ˹ѱ˷˻ԵĹ


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ǿһзõֱʱȴ˰ٹܼûֻɲǼۡ

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ҺһǴּףԷİֿ׼ֺݣӲñֱļУƻ˻ֹǡ
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200 ֺ
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201 ֮
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202 
ۣ˵ʲôʲôˣԴ޾һ̾ѡ
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204 ֮
Ļô࣬ϧǶ䶼ûѩƯ䲻ϰ䲻ϣ
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205 
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214 һս
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215 
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231 
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Ѫʬ󷨡ħ˻ŭ𣬵飬顱Уħ֫ѣգۼʧȺħǰ
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α̾˿ǲʥ𣬵˳ְæ
ڤ޵кһۣ̫ƽ


238 Ů
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240 װŪ
Ҷɮ޶ãڶʱŭһɮ˼⵱ڻڸСѾͷԻ˿Ѱ̷У̲סһʦһԣСӴ죡
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244 Ʊ
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250 ٲά
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ҶҲɵؿŶԷ
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Ӽһ㶣ҪҶȴٿȻתͷ˫ۣŭȵһ㣬϶˵ʱֹȴҰس֮ʱ֣˭ǵУ˭ѣѵ㻹ֲ𣿡
ӼȻҲɵӣϸһȴˣŲɵ˼֣Է֮ľ롣
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˶֪ʮûгֵǰֳڼɶ˿óռ䡣
ҶаЦԷ쾳磬Ҫѹʵˡ
˫ĿҶ޷ԶƮ죬ƾһ㲻ѷڶ֣¶ڵľ硣
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257 
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ʱǰҶľɡ
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ǰ֮˾˲ӽһɡ
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ҶԹһ˿Ц⣬һ˦°ڣϲߣô컹֣ѵʹˣθãҪʺɣ
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𺧣ɱʢ;Ȼ书ѵɲĵزպسĸ󻼣˵þҪɥźá
һһȭӭԷӡ
һȭƽƽ棬ʵǻһѴﵽ˻Ϊ桢׾ľ硣
Եǹ龳֣Ҳҵ֮
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׽ṦԹ֮ǴͷʹοԵеĻء
ѿüͷ壬ĺӼ¶עɫҶĿĽѽԼԺĻ˭˭
ʱŻһߣȫһȭѾӭҶһƣۼ˫޻εӲƴһǣƾԼʵվʤԷһ
ڴʱҶƮһӰƷͻȻһΪҶҪʩչӶ֮ʱҶ͵ؽһ٣˷ٿȻվ˻ǰ
ԣǽⲫľ룡
ʱϲվǾ̫ǳȻڹõ£ԼӲֱһ͵˸ǰ
͵ȭ粻䣬˳ֱӺҶؿڡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦһӰͻȻסĸȭԭֱֱͻȻû˹ͷһ޹һ㣬˳ֱһٿ㵽˺λãһƴ
ʧɫæˣͬʱ̧ȱһš
һ߿յʱ򣬻ͷһһˣ
飡
ȻҶɵܿԷһţͬʱԼһãлʵƨɣ˼Ҳҽһֱϣƿݶ֮󣬼̶棡
֮ǰεԮ֮ˣոһӭͷʹĶˣ


258 ԯ
ҽеӽͷͬʱ
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ۡ
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ҶеСŵˣƾȻûֳܰæ̾ʲôë
ûëûëۺǺǣǴСϲϵӢĴӢûһλҼ˧һӼǹ⣬ƨ糱֮ǰΨΨŵŵģˡ
Ҷ˲ʱףǽϵ׷һ尡˶ڱõУһжеΪȽڵİʿ
桭
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ҶٺһЦϾػһ¼ЦպûһӣλֵܿԺˣֱɱȥúȺڵǵ磡

ӼʧɫæǰһѱסҶļ򣬵ͺӢۣ˫ȭѵ֣ݱܷͷĺã
Ҷһ˦첲ǺӼͬһεعϣʱһ̲࣬ס˵ôô˰
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˭ĿˣҶ⹷Ƥҩһʶ
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Ҷߣ㵹ȴ
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Ǳߣ۰
ӼһҽУҶס죬ֱӴӴƲ˳ȥ
ҽŵĺӼֱʮɣڰ㵸ոɾ룬ҶɶһѽٴνסЦʵıߣ
Ӽŵɫ԰ףǿһ·λָһǣǱߡ


СϿգһĹֽ
ſհʲô

ϴ󲿷ֳǳ೤ĺӵˮ֮ĽͨŦ໮˳Ļ֡
ٺӰˮľ񣬷ǽӰӳмֻɽĺڰУ˳ˮ»档һɡˮСŶ࣬ޡĶ
פأǰĸãλڳĺӵĽ㴦ӴͨҲô˵мơ
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ӼĹֽȻֹ
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ۡ
һƬ֮̾
Ů֮ɫƵһ
ӼȻһЦȴǽһµµͤϹһڵϣæҵȴֱסͤһתŻ
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ҶͥŲشһת˳Цؿ˿޲軨̲ס̾ѽѩ׵ĻȴӡĪǴ˵еġ˺һ̾һֿԱ߸˶һ軨ϾȻʮ˶仨ɫͬľȫ죬ϵıȫϣްֻӣʮ˶仨״䲻ͬиǼƷ軨ʮѧʿˡţ⻨޶ʣʱ뿪лʱлͲһˣֻʮɫǡʮ̫ˡ
ڲŮ֪кλֹĿˡ
һʱ쳣ЩصũҲŮǰѯʵʱһѹ͵ιСˣкϷˣ
С㣡
Ҷ֮ʣԶһ󼦷ɹһŮӴɤź󸻣㹷յǲ͵ҵ˽ǮȥȾˣ
лȥ磬Ůһ㱻˴紵˵ڵأһɷ㣬һӰҶֱ࣬һѳס˺ӼĶ䣬˻󸻣Ǯ


259 󸻴
ֻǷԾŮͲʮͷɫ㲻Ǿɫ֮÷ѩǲͬն˽ý籪ѰŮ󼰵ĽģСɫƤá
ֻСĸΪѱһһšס˺ӼĶ䣬ŭ󸻣͵ȥȾǰɣ
Ӽ죬ĵϣ㣬ȥύܣʱһ£ʱ
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⣬⡣ӼõֱЦλ̨һֱˡһ˳ӡ񣬾ǰˣλ̨ôƺ
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ӼһæЦǺǵضҶ֣ˣùء
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Ӽν͵ǼڻּЦ
˵үүĲǣôˣҾ;ͦãŮӳҶһȭɵصҽкáΪŪҸͿƭƭˣùһУ
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飡

һȥҶ˿δȴǲҽһҺҵ֡
û°ɣҶһЦǰλ⡾ơõǲƵٶȺͽǶȶֻܵ꣬ЩⰡӦȫƸӦðصСϣ͸ԷлҲܱԼ˺ôȫƸǷԿˡ
ңٷϻٿƣһǷһƣҶ࡭
ǣǡ
ɫһ࣬Ứתҵְ֮Ҳѵ졣˶ʱòˣ˫֣һ
Ҷʼ磬һ㿴ɣ˵ı顣
Ӽ򼸺ЦǷıչãû˰ɣҸղŲ˵ˣλǸ֡
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ʥˣӼʵ
һǸϹүүʩѹǹȻϳԣӥģﷷǼ⣬Ҫүүͬˣֱӽɢˣ
˵⻰ĹĵصҶһۣת˶ȥ
Ӽֹ䣬ҶǸȻЩǸܸүүʶģֻܵԺϢһ£ԺұȻΪ
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ȷϳѺãƫƫҸΰһΪȡһѣֲƻ˼ҵأ
ϾòֱתͶܲʵϾϴˣںڵлòãֻһ·ϵɽˮˣͬҲܽƵͶ·
Ҷһͷһ߸źӼԺ
һ·ϣӼֹҶҲûģֻǲͣŵͷ
˵ʵʥڲҲһźǲ֮⣬šʥڤ˼Ҳ̫ԸϳĦƴʦЦǺǵģ̬Ȳֻ˧ʥһǡ֮λǣ˵Ҳͬϳ̫ӲΪ˻һ١
ҶԺţȻԺһ㶣ʵ˭˵˭
˵˧ʥŶǡʥ˧̾
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ԣǷ˼ĻӼҧгݵص


260 в
˵䣬ǰͻȻһҵĶ֮ٿȻ䣬һײĲƣ糱ˮϯһ£ǰߵĺӼƷ˳ȥ
ΧһƬ߷Ļ죬Ӷŵҳһš
ʲôӼҶһѷסű̧ͷһ仰һȻؾʡ
иڹڶ֡Ҷüͷ΢壬ǰ
үүӼ򾪺һ˳ȥʱкҾƬ̣ȥȥ
˵꣬Ծ֮䣬㲻Ӱ
ҶȻ˾ôڴ˵أεҿһۣʼ磬ವһʧΡ
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ҶϡܹϳľͲ߰˸δġʮˮկĴկˣĸկĴկӢɽŭˮĴ󵱼Ҷᣬ¹µġʿƣϿɵġɽȣ˫ɽԼˡɽˡͽܡ
Щƽﶼպգлһ۲´һЦȻɵġ
ʱĳ֮ڣֵУһݡ׷ףŭݣƳ죬뺣Ӽ򼸷ƵϣҶϳ˱Ĵ׺Ԫ˳үӡ
ģһδĺ۸֣Ѯ£ݶһӲݣɫĮһ˫ĪֱŶĺԪ˳ͬһ㣬һֺĸо
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үԻˣʱԱȺͻȻһ̾Ϣֻ֮һͬŲ̷εѮ߻߳ȳǺһ֣Ԫ˳˵ѽϸ磬Ǻαأ˼ҼϾʥʹ˵˲ŭʹϵҲﲻ㰡
ģƨԪ˳ŭһ뷢ţһָߺͺ񣬲ΡΡ㹴ˣвλҲͰˣȻвҵļˣһԲϾͳ͵ϮʲôӢۺúұʥ¹˵ǻ֮Ĳͣ벻㾹˱Сˣ㵱Һҵ˺۸ɣ
һܲûǰȰ⣬һƬЦ֮
ҶлȻԭʥͲסҪڲķԷˡ
ֶֻδЩ㣬ʱЩҲǺϣǴ
ǺһЦʯɤϹҿԽԽͿˡѵ˲ݣˣΪأڽһңڣȴȥӥչ۷ɵƨɣֺϳ͢ѵŵʲôٶɣҡɷηǰȰȰүӣĪ͢߹ֵͬԣ
Ԫ˳ͷЦҲʥΪֳȻɣʥָԭǲҲΪҲڵ棬ҵӪǣɸΪ˧̾һ˵ҰĻ˰ɸҵҺԪ˳ӦҲ֧˧̾ѡϳӥΪУȴģ
Ԫ˳ϳ£ҪҲͷϣԱߵһŭﲻ㺣ҵģôҲǸףұ֧˧ʥΪȻҪ֧֣ҪĵףϳߣΪ˴壬ⲻˣж
Ԫ˳ŭЦʵ˼ǲȥȥ
Цһ򶫣
Ԫ˳һ㶣ʵȥݱ㲻ϳΧˣ
ЦȻϰһ裡
䣬һԵġɷһæֹסͷԪ˳ɵӣ˲һУϣҪ̵˽ˣ
סڣͻȻһɭȻĻʵ̫ˡ֮һ仰֮λҲýҲý
ʱܱƹĺڵҲǷ׷Ȱ֮ˣҲ֮ʿѸԪ˳̣ŭɶմһұ죡ҺԪ˳Ҫʲôһҵɣɲ
ڴʱúһӼеιǸʲôҲĵطҪүүƾʲôң
΢΢һ㶣ҶǺӼ


261 Ы
ʱһү԰ֻ꣬ڴ˰ȴƬ̣ϣȻȥ
ӼŭҲĵطֵõ˵
Цһ˵ģʥָɲˣ
Ԫ˳̲סҪʲôȻҶ񣿡
ߣ׷׳λãһᴫһ죬ȴɫƾװĺѺźӼ򣬴ӺûŭɶͶ֮£Ҳֺ
һãΪһ˰ȻʥúԪ˳׾죬һˡ
⼸仰죬˵ý쳣Ⱥ۲˶֮ɫ䡣
ͬʱۡܶƿ֮ҽкڶвٵطֵ죬żмҽҲ̼Ρ
Ԫ˳ʱŭżȵ̫
һ䣬Ԫ˳ȭҪȻһȴ
үү
Ԫ˳ٿȻתͷȥֳֻˣѺŮ󣬻һֳУĺģԪ˳Ҫֵ˲䣬ѾסѪ⡣
ˣϡϡ֮䣬ĸۡ㱻ѺŮŮʮ֮࣬к֧׾죬вٺҵ״ӡ
ϴѪȻ˺һԪ˳ڳʱҳһţ׷ǰϣϼΪֻ
ֻÿһ׾󣬶վʥ֣ͬһ㣬סжеס˺ġ
Ԫ˳ͣɲǼֽű
ЩǺҵѪΪ֮ܶĸвأԼǰѴ̡
һԵ淺Цﱥص˵ϺǺαأķ϶ÿҿ㻹˧ʥּ⣬λͰɣ
ƣԪ˳תԹ۵ȺֵۣλѿɿһˣǺĳһаʥƣĳԴ˾ͷкڽ֮ϣٺ٣ĳҵͷɶϣѪ
һ䣬ȻļһС˫ָһ죬Ϸ֮ǿ˫Ŀ

һԴһƻסȫ
벻Ԫ˳Ȼ᲻˼˰Σ֣벻ǣԷĿ겻ʥļԼ
Ӧ죬书ײǺԪ˳Ķ֡
ֻԪ˳ѹڶԷ֮ϣͻ˲ûţͬʱ̤˫ϥѺС

顪
˫һСʹ˲㱻ߵùڵأһͱԪ˳ֱۣסʺ
ˣԪ˳ɫ˫ͨ죬˰ľλļδ׵û
һĻէ𣬶ʱǵȺ۲Ŀ
˫ɽ̤ǰ벽ɤӺԪ˳ѵҪֺúΪвɣ
ɽƵġʿһչֽȣЦ˧ʥжϹȻû⺣Ϲϳɹļϸᱳǣ
ƨԪ˳ŭʵǰǶǰģ˷ֻΪ˱ˣ
žžž
ʱһ𣬡ɷľȻѵøһ˿Ц⣬ȴȲЦҪɭźԪ˳ƬΣŻֹȻֲܵϲĴס
ʥΪίʵĺԪ˳ŭȻˣҺԪ˳˳ڵϴ֣˻عҵң
ҡͷʧЦȻ˧ʥԣָɱʤֵ֦ͬܡǶ纣˽˵߱ߣ˵˳˳ָ񲻳һɢɳСڴȰϸһ䣬ͷǰǹȫͬ꣬ΪάֵŽᣬҲΪ˺ֺá
ΪҺãαưɣԪ˳Ц͵һʺȵٷϻˣ
ɫϣֻܷ죬ż¶ı顣
һЦεðɣҷˣ
ۡ
䣬ڶУһԪ˳ӣŵؿŴؿðĽ⣬ѪԪ˳¶һ˿ʣ˲
֮γʬ岻ܿƵصڴ֮ϡ
һ̣ȫžǸȺԪ˳ļλڵҲ۽Ƿ

һ
һˣʹʧ˵ϡ
ҡԪ˳Ŀѣ
ޱ飬ٷţ
ۣ
Եʥ䣬һն举ͷ­
ͷԶֱ⺣Ԫ˳ǰѪʱӿǡ
߸磬ʱޡ
ɱ㣡Ӽƴһҷ̤ڱϡ
һ˲䣬Ǻ˵Ŀ޺ͷŭ˻


262 Ԯ
ۼһз̫죬ǲһԵҶҲûüֹ
Ҳû뵽ʥΪȡ֮λȻɥĲ񡭡
һ˵ҶһͬĺڵȺҲǴΪԾ
ĸկĴӢɽɫһ䣬ԣ޶ͬĹأֶοҪţδ˰ɣ
ŭˮҲһˬԭΪ˼ȰһȰѹһѹ˼Ϻԭ˼ǡɱ￴ĿȺӰ
˶һ˵ʱĲĿӣֳնȻ轵
ҶشԹۣŷ˼Լ޹һ㡣
һԵǺһЦĪҪ룬ҿ˧ʥ˼ղŴϵ˵ġ޶ֻͬ䴦ìܵķȻǱ֣ͬǳУԸˣʲôֶΣѵλ𣿡
ݳ
Ⱥ΢΢һݣ㶼Ĭ
ؿһ̶ۣתԪ˳ԵϺˣſףѵҪƴƣһЦ֣üǻԵͬ
ȺŲ
Ȼոնѻ˵ϣνġͬҲǡ޶Ԫ˳Ѿλôˣɣ
ԭ˧̾ľ֮󣬾Ȼϧ´˶֡
ﻹǡʥֱĺġɱʥ
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˧췲ŷʲôûһ㣬ɨˣñٴ˵˵һ飬ſǡ仰Ҳ˵飡
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һӰӲԶķϷԶҶ΢¶Ц֪ʥӺߵİڣĿģȻǽִȻηϱ

Ҷ켶ֱֱִɱʹõλãһ·ϵңӵĲӣǴõʣһء
ǧ֮䶼ݺ糣֣ѹƵڣҲ˵ء
ۼǰʹĿҶͥŲĹƣܵǰеĸ֡
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ҶҲ𻰣һţС
ѪɣӻδأӰһԺһػȥ
ߺߣһ
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ոһȣԴˡ
ʱ˫ĿɱʢǰһָҶŭȵʲôˣҲĵͷҰ


264 ̽ȡ
ҶԲһڸ֣ȴȻ壬һЦ򹴽ˣкףͼҰҵ·鰸Щ֮üһУͬ
Ҷֱһڸ֣һ˵ôȻư磬ȴЦĸоݺԼȣű˵Цľ档
ЩҲ벻ոܵشĺԪ˳ȻбɳַһʱӦû̻̲գβ߲Ŷԡ
ʱˮոճ֮˻Ҫʣȵ죬ʲô˭ˣ͵û뿪ϣ
һеһ״ѾҶĲ棬֣䵶༲ϮҶ
ҶһץһǰѰֱֵץУ˳һţ˴߳ȥɾ룬Ⱥ֮УҵһƬӡ
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265 ɱ
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˲ը˹˶û󣬴ʱǰ꣬Ѹ𽭺ǸħɸҶ
֮ǰҶСĺӼ򣬸ǻ˷ܵò֪롣
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Ԫ˳һЦ˳ͳƣȨ
ȨһѽţЦȥ
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˧췲̾üˡҶڵǸ˵˵ôܲҵشģ𲢵ľ棿
ҶٺЦǾҪ˧ʵ뷨ʲôˡ


266 н
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һСС֮ڣĺԪ˳һġȨԼҶ˧췲ʵ뷨
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˧췲ҡҡͷұҲ˵ģĦƺзΪ͵ǡʥڤӵһЩ˲ò˧췲΢΢һ̾˵㲻ò˵ʥһ׮ǿ֪صڤӣʵ̫ƽʦң׸У

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жʱȻʡ
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һġȨվ𣬳˧췲һ֣Ψ˧ʥհ
˧췲һķ֣á˺Ҹף˧ĳ㽫ƱͶ󷽣޶ֻжɣٺ٣ǱǸˣĵһѡǼҸǱѡ
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˧췲һӥչ۷ɣ
Ҷᶨص˵ͷ

Ԫ˳ɫʱ˷ܡ
ǡӥܹϡǽԴϲĽ
˧췲Ȼͷչ۷ɵӢȣǼֻͣʵĵֻչ۷ɵ书
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˼˧췲ʼ磬ӥѾ֣Ҳ޵УҲƣɱ
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267 
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Щֻһܱһ
ÿҹʱԪİСһ̳ս֮󣬱Ҫһҹ
һʱ򣬶˶õĴʳԸ˵ǰ
ҲˣֻԪƿĸʱɫȴͻȻࡣ
ûһ˿Ѫɫ
ͬ޴ĺ֮УûϲԵţ棬ǼһˮûС
еֻһͷһѪܵĹͷ
ȮԴ
ԪϲһȮڼʮ֮ǰǰҡͷβˣ
ɲǼ䣬θʼθشһȭ
ȻһԽյĳŭ̲סӴȥмȫǧУػȮȫɱʮ飬ʮ顭
ǣԼеΪǣԪȻ˫۾䣬˫ִ֮ǰĲûȶܹ֣ͣеŮһȻøɾϵѪ
ԽǷŭԽ侲
ΪѾ֪ȻɱԼİȮȻҲԼ
һ˲䣬Ѿ֪Ը˭ˡ
ʱ򣬷Ŷ
չһЦ˽
ԪǵˣǲǸˣ


268 ҹɫŨ
Ҷңתڤ񹦡
üϵһģų߲ʷ⣬ڤ񹦡ɵעü֮ڡ
ǰʱŻֹͣ
ڣҶ˫һ˿⡭
ڰͻʦ֮ϷҶüѾȫ񻯣ԽںϺУڶԵ֮ʱͷţԻü
ϵֱ˵ɲ⣬ҶÿݣѾȫʢʱڵȻ鵴û˿ʵĸо
Ҫˡ
Ҷ֮ǰʱʵ飬ֻҪͷѾȫѹ˰벽񻯵Ľ£ͷ屶ӦþͿԲ񻯾ȫʢʱƵһϸ£ͷʮ
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˧췲ܴ
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˧췲Щ̫Ըˡ
Ҷá
վΪԱֻתԼơӥλܺùκ˵ϡı
ʱȥһаɡ
ɫãҶݼһ·Զڸۡ
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Ҷüͷһ壬̧ۿȥȴԶķϣһӰһޱЮŮӣһʧ
̲סһ벻Լ֮٣Ȼ˲ɻ
Ҿ㵹ù
Ҷһ٣һ̰ʧԭأ׷ˡ
ٿʮ֮ԶҹɫҶݶԷῴԼƾԼ˵ʶȫ˶ԷӰ¶Էܵ
ֻǿŶԷ۷֣ԼҴ֮µΣҶ΢΢Щ죬һʱȴ벻ʲôط
˼䣬˱ŮӴֵתһխӵжδԾ𣬷ǽͷһԵĿյϡ
¹£΢΢תӣڱҶüĿȻ½ڸֳа롣

ԪϵչûмСӥ
չһ߽ţԪ֪˵ˡ
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ױȵȡ
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ǿһֻԼϰķ
ƺɻ֮չķøӳˣһѩƮݵѣƤۣͷϵĶұԺֻһϸڲϡ
Ŀӥ·̬ȣȫ˾ÿһʱݶ·ܳ
һֻʱչӥ
Ԫδ˾֮ˣһ߽˵ƱѾȫѹƣͣ١
ֵ˭չκɡ
ԪȻ֪ʵ˭ͷһУܻһ𣿡
չҡҡͷܻһʹ
Ԫɼһ˿ЦǸ˵˵ʲô壿
Ͻ֣Ӷ߸լԺ˵𣿡
չһ仰ȴԪŵĵչ𣬼ѵ㣬ҡ
ԪһŮ˯˲֪٣ûһȢţƻƣʵԱ֮٣лһӣһͨյļϧ
벻ջӲ˵׷顣
ϵĹأ޶ĺˡ
չЦһǵϵ˵űɱѪծѪ
ԪЦһӲطסӣ͵ϮǺ˪ˣɱֵηʱѾûаַһҶӽ
һ䣬ԪָʺһѪʱӿ
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269 ѪȾϽ
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ǵΪҶܣһֱѺУϧƽħ;УΪ̫ƽȡ
벻Ϊ֮
͵񾡡
չЩߺ֮飬λھ׸ġšۡ
ڣǾ׸ΪϵĽֵ֮һ
Ľլưܡ
ļڣϽһ͸ǵɭԭΪšЩĽֵȴΪǰǳѪɱøӵĻ
ϻŲòѪ±һСѩҹ紵֮£Ҳ¶ѱĺں졣
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û˸ҹӥٶǮҲû˸
ԵչʱӥֵլԺǳġ
ʯʨӶƵĿɭϵĹײģжʮħΪš׼ġ
ֻһǿյġ
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۽񡱻͢ξĽƲͷָҶ򣬴ˡʶܶĦڭǾϧۣܵš
Ӣѵӹһ٣벻󣬾ȻٴŲһ
ӥչ۷⡰šʣµΨһѪʶӵʮӥǰҲҪߡ
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һȺȺӽͷ֣ͷһ³㴩ТĴ󺺣һȺĺУŵֽ֣ǮӣԼϰ򡭡
չģšĶٶڣ̧⣬شᡣ
Ϊˣӥڵɽͷʽ
ҵѽɣչر˾׸ĸɮҹоҹΪ߰ꡣ
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ǡСӥ£м㣬ԼҲТĳʾߵء
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ʱһ߹ײıĸ̧ţ֪Ƿ̧ʱ̫ãִͻȻѣصĹײĺ¡һչǰԶĵϡ
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ͬһ㣬ŭĿǰ
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ǻҼˣܲ˵سչײ
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һɲǣĸ˵Ķû⵶ϵâһߣٶȴﵽ޵ı֡
ĸˣĸ֣ͬʱĸչİѵ
˫뱾ͼʱ˫ͼѾһ𣬵âϮ˲Ѵչûչ
ʱչˡ
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ǰ˵Դʱ򣬺ߵλֵԴҲֱӱײϡ
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չתͷź׼ϴĿʬף̾һ״磬ҿΪǱ𣡡
һչ˽Ⱥ֮С
ʱ䣬ѪٴȾϽ֣


270 ӥ
Ѫģȫֱ治Ŀ
չǰӭȺɢʮ˽ȫȫΧ롣
˫γɶţ̧׵ġڿӵġŵġġʮ죬һģÿеж̵
չһЦٿʧ
һ˲䣬ʮҽмͬʱ
û׶ţ˸޷󣬶ʮ˵ͬҽУжôжô£
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չ𻺻ͷ㵹Ĺײ֮ʱĿɨ̱һԵ塣
ֻһʱ߷֣һɲǼ䣬亹ʪ͸ŷǸմˮ̳һ㣬εǣһʺɧζĿƮ˳ֱſڵϣʹصүүҲǡҿ治һġ
չҲһۣӣ׼Һӵ۾ϣײġ˭ҵģҡ
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һϸӰƿһ׺»Ȼ죬ľͬʬ嶼лΪ촷ۡ
ƿȵӰ׷ףһеسչÿ˵϶űıʹʹȴѺκ

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һЦһӰƿ棬Զᡣ
ڰ˫ӥأȴֻһ֮±㱻ɡ
ǵӰ˲ͶԶһɭЦԶԶСݴҾӥ˵ҳڿ⸮
ۡ
˵ӰԶʧӥļһѪ⣡
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Уӥһ𾪣չ뻳С
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ûǰһУԭԶıƣΪؼ¶˺˲ǱˣǡӥĶӡ
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չ촽Ŀ룬ǿ˵˾䣺壬
һ㶣Ψӥоһչ½ڲһ̽ʧ֮ʣ͵͵һչС
չ¶һ˿΢΢Ц˿ϸˡ
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кȥӥ
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271 ɲ
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֮䣬Ҷݶ̴ԵİӰںǰ̽ƾۺϢȫ޷׽Ҷټ
ϵ˲䣬һӰӺݶϰסΣܿһûܷκټźٺһЦǰĿյء

Ӱ¶Ҷһ˫ž۾Ϊû뵽а빴֮ˣȻǸֺУʶֺС
ɽ˵ġɮԲ
쵰ڽϵķһ򲻼ѣһֱȴûץסаŵ֤ݣԴʦֻ˴ʦݻһս֮ԲɽԽԽܴҲûٻѾȫԵˡ
벻ʱʱҶȻҿͳа빴һ
ǡɮԲأа벻ɵһЦʵû˸ٰɣٺ٣ҵṦԿ䣬Ҫҵˣ֣ͱ벻ҷ֡
ԲһķֵĶƤЦϵܣΪֲǻĹνСʻ괬ǸӴǲҪ˷ֵĺá
аһռˣҪҪ˷֣άɵԲʦ֣ҶѾ㡾ĪҹȴϲڵҪδԽԽˡ
ԲһĨԼĴͺͷЦϵĪҪȡЦΪˡҪС椣֮ǰеǸûɫ
һ˵ţԲһ߼͵سǰȥֱȥа뻳еı
Բʦаһ㿪ԷĴ֣ɫǸɫ壬ǿɵ˵ǲǸֵҲͷˣ
ԲԽϵܣΪҾͻƹֻһ֮ˣǸӣøвɲ顭
ϴҲô˵
Բ۾һɣŭ˭ϴŪǸɧҪԭģͻˡ
ǹҿаһɣתŭߺߵؾҪȥ
ԲĿ׹һæֻһЦǰϵܣϵܣǺαأ֮ǰҲ˵ãȫҵô
а볤طˡޡһתЦǵľЭˡԲʦֿҲˣЭ飬ԲʦǲҲǷݳŵأ
ȻԡԲЦһǸǣͿ˳ۣǰ̿ԳֶԸִ֧ɽˣʱǵĺ֤ôշү⡭ϵҲˣ龳ڶͻƲˣû֣ǳ˶Ҳ޷סɽ˰Ͼһء
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Բ۾һɴֶԸˣ
аһЦ˻֮磬һܸ˵
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ٴζӴЦѡ
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Ҷŭһ޷޹֮ǰֻ÷ȥһЮס𡿣ֶС
Īġ𡿣ڿлΪޣҶҲסӯأ̧ͷʱԲа֮زز֪ȥ

ˣ֪ɽεΣء
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Ҫ췢ϢɽŶǰˡ
˿еıű죬ҶȻܸܵɵð̾һٲýһˡ
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类ݺһ£Ѵָ⣬һ鲻ܸоָСӣȻǴ˾綾

һƷ𣬽ЦУλǧĵŮӣһӦڴʱ˵سֵˣӯӯҶǰ
ҶĿɿڴ
㣡


272 Ы
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ǹ֮£һĵؿҶӳ󣬾ֹĪĸо
Ů֮ԼĲոҶ̽Ȼֻѱ֮˵ͨŮӣ벻Է˼ȻѶ˱ǣһмơ
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Ҷ޷ۼ굶ˮϮһ˫໥һģΣͷԡݡӲһȻٴϷʮɾ롣
Ҷոߴڵرľ磬Цһϵˮĵͷпɲ˰ɣбǼˮΣ
ڤɫһ䣬һ´ͥˮʱٴɣͬʱˮҲϸһࡣ
ȻҶԣڤ޷ˮƵøߣ뽭ʮɣļޡ
ڤһˮͬʱб¾ϴţǧ
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һΪͷ½ϵƣ˫һܣסֻʼתת
է˫תšһɣ޴ѹֱ½棬̼ý涼ʼ־޴С


277 ڤˮ޵
Ҷ䣬˫Ӵѹ˫Ϸˮֶζʱýˮࡣ
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˫٣ڤ뷢ţ͵Ƴ˫ơ

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䣬Ҷٴδӿ׹䡣
һΣûʩչκιһʯͷֱ㶵£ڤӶûü֣ͨһֱ뽭ˮ֮С

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280 ˭Կ
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281 ໥
ڤӵĿĺܼ򵥣бƵİȫ̫ƽ޷вڤӱȫּ֧ѡϡ
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282 ج
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ȴ£ҶһֱǰƸϵפء

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Ŵɵ˿ӿ룬ԭѹֵĲҺʱ
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˵˸Ҷ壡֮࣬ұǧ򱶹黹

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κʵһޣҧǰ֣˿ӥҿɾ˵ˡ֮ǰҶԶһΪȴҡ
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κʵҿһָָۣԱߵһ񷿣ȻðɣǾ˵ɡ
˵գһָӥ̾ϢһŶ롣
κʵ¶һ˿Ц⣬æݣ֮顱Ȼرա
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ӥʱתһ룬ŵеаɣôҿõκŮε޳ģ
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һ߿޽Уһһһŵӥ
޳ܣ
ӥʱκʵ˷ΪĿģǱԼͷɣͬԸĺ᰷һڽŪ

ӥһȣת͵رܿκʵļˣתŷ򣬷˳
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һУǸ⣬мƻԤı

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һĽ㣬֪䣬ǸԼѾȫԼǸ˵ĳ
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ԶʼǰĺҹʱʱϤıӰԽԽľ
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Ϊʲôӥȴ
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˵һ֣ͭӥҹɫ֮С
ķɢȥȥ߷װ»Ϊݵķˡ
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⿴ƻĴլҲס˼ңŷ֮ǰĲҰһ㡣
ӥټҲʹʧȫʧڽ֮С


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ҶԶǶ𣬳һݵССɽ֮УѾȫΪҽڡ
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ƵѾ޶־ֱֵӹڵأҶݾߵǱȲΰݻҪϡ

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Ҷһҩʦġ޳Ծ滨ΪҩֹˣȻЧ
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ƵϿ־֮ɫһţ˵ʱʯһ㣬ڶ⣬𽥱ɫ˻һ𣬻
Ƶһɳܵģͣ˲»Ϊɳ
˴ĵҶͬʱ鳾Ψ̫ƽ¹


291 
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Ҷʱв죬ȻǰĲ˷ְʶֵɲǣȴһգȫ޷֣ͷŷǸһ㡣
ۼڶֵǰҶһԹսͼ̲סʲôأÿ
δ䣬гɰǧķ֣ХҶͼΪԼѪɵҳ֮ʱЩȴ׷죬ֱҶǰһߴΪûһ˿һɱ
ͼ׹ȻĿɿڴҶҲһˣĴ󷨺ô飬ŪЩͷԵĻΪƭ𣿡
δ˵꣬Ҷ۾͵Ǵǰɫ羧ʯ͸Ľϵֱӳſ
ϸܵײڶʵײ飬һ𻨡
˴ʱЦʱҶΪƶʵֹڴ𣿡
Ҷ΢΢һݣɺģЦ˵һϲҲССаˡ޼󷨡ҿǽͷϷİˣ
ɷᣬеûмǺٺЦҶһһҪֻҪͼ׽ˣ˻ڴҶǵͬڵķϣһ·
Ȼͼ׶ĺҪҶҶʵҲûбʤİգʶ˶Σץסͼ˵
ҶɵȻͷͼһۣЦ벻ҪȻ˷ֶԸҵĻᡭϧĺܣĲҽ֣ȴдֻһ
΢΢Цת֣̫ķȻΪչ𣬻ͼף֪Ա񡯣ֻΪһֶΣв޲ɼ֮ˣڴ˶Ծܺݹ۹ȥܳɴҵߣ˭塢ĺ֮ҶѵĴǣȻƴ˵㣬ǷǳЦҶڤ粻飬עӣǱ֤
ҶЦһŲ岻ԡҶĳƤ޳ܡҲҵΪͬڣǺЦ
˵úáڶɱ˵ϣ㲻Ҫٷϻˡ
ȻһһֱѹҶĸϢٿʧ٣֮һǵ޿ײʴ־ɹĸɺɳĮȻתƵѩصĻУȵı任֮䣬ɲǵƮʹܵҪ
ƽ
벻Ҳһϵ
ҶһʱӦִ̫ƽа̶꣬Ȼѽĳаð£书ﵽŤתǬľ˾硣
ֻһ㣬Ҷĸм֡
ƫƫʱ򣬳ҶĲӦһ죬仪쳣ıѳʣյ㾧âҶÿ㣬Ҳ㡣
һȻɱռԭҶˣùԷԷһзƫƫ֮ǰΪ˻סͼףΪˣҶ֮⣬ʱҶļ˵Ļ֤޷֮ͼ׻ԷС
ҲǶԷһĿġ
Ҷ֪ԼѾ޿ˣΨӭһ;
ۼԷ⵽ǰߴ͵һţ³߶೤ɫµġ̫Ƽֱӱ㵽Ҷǰ
ʱҶͻȻһʨӺ𡿣͡
޴ƿڶֱ˵ĽԺһ
˫ͬڰ֮У˵Ļͣ죬ҲԴֺڳٴҪһ֮ʱڱϵġ̫Ƽȵֿסֱӱһɫꡣ
һΨзˡ
Ϊȥݣȴûϵ֮ʱӭҶӴȴͻȻתǿһԺ׵ľ޴а㣬ǰʱסһŴסȫϵҶ
Ҷһ˿Цðһ亹


292 ƽа
Ҷԡڤ񹦡γǿ˲䲶׽˳˵Ρ
Էһƣæ֮ٴҶƼ٣һǰͶҶǷصȥ
лƽ𱦽â͡Х̶ֱ֮ҶĺĴĺ쭣忪ϰƳȱڵĺƽƺҪҶ˺֧һ㡣
һνǳ˵۷֮ȫͶľ񣬲а־Լȡġ
а۶Թ𣬵̸ֻһеĽ⣬ֻ˵һ˽˵ľҶ֮Уȷѵһǿо֣ܹﵽ˽һģԼ֮⣬صһš
һҶЦһȵúã
بؼǿͻȻʧ٣ɢͬʱҶ̤貨΢쳣غȻƣʳָǰһ㣬һֲصڳ˵Ľϣ׼ȷýš

һ촫ء
ǧ㽣꣬ɳٿʧ٣±һִáĳ߰ıС
ȫбϴֻǱһƵģûκԣҪǣŴȴش徭ѣѪڣðǣܵá
˴һ㵱ֻֿתӴܣȻų֮˫Ŀһк֮ӯ֣һߣġ̫Ƽתﲻġ޼󷨡˺һ£Ϊ측磬жڵľǵһһᣬƾƹҶ棬ͬʱһӲҶţ֮ʾɡ

Ҷָһʽʵ޻Ѵ׾
һѺʯһ㣬δܶҡֺǿķкоò
εȫһƴҲɣһһѪˣͬʱбǰ㽣Ҷĳ׷
Ҷֶһɴҷ緶
ʵʳָͬͣոʩ񽣡ָͨ͡Ӳ֮£ʳָ˵ˣһʱֵֻ޷ʩչ´ͨɲǣѾӳ׷ΧʧȫѹƵ֡
Ȼʧ֣Ҷȴ⣬Ͼǿƽ̫٣ûռȻпܻԷõ塣
һ˲䣬صʮɵλãŸɺԵСϪվ
һѪ֮󣬷ɣһָҶҶֵȷҴ⣬Գҳ˴δʮ֮շҶֻˣҲǳͷɡҪɱҶֲף֮ǰȻЧֻҪ㽻ͼףǻЦԶԡ
ҶЦų˲мǲ⣬ʱ˿̣ûʸ̸ЩҼҶˣǻûһأҪӣǲӦתء
֪˲û¶һ˿ЦȻҶֵʮȤƶֹڴˣȷӦÿߵϧƶһ򲻴ĿĲݣΪȫƫƫƶ׼ЩСϲ㡭Ҷܹһһܣʱ̸벻ӵ鷽ˡ
ȻǺ˵ʵݶļ⣬ҶҲò̸¸ţ֮򶯻򾲣ÿƤɽҰ֡
ŶȤġҶȻһ̯֣Ǿ˴ͽˣ
΢΢һЦҶֹȻȷǷѹǿκ˵ӣĿ࿴
Ҷüͷһ壬֪Է˵ӣֻ¾ǡӡˡ
ǽңԣ⣬ǵĶԴ𣬻ΪһԺ졣
Ҷ˼һüͷ΢ɲǣһǰ̬˫Ŀ׹Ȼ
δֵҶһ磬Ŷȼ
ֲ֪֮ҶץסʱӲʹõȻġʮơ
˼Ҷӭһƣȥƽƽ棬ʵبŲĹ仯Х䣬һѹƾǰҲʱ壬Ƥʱһҵбһɫʢʻ㳯Ҷƥһӭȥ
֣ٶȽ档

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âɣĻʢ磬絶һ㣬ĥų
˻â㣬Ƴȥʮɾ룬ŽǰƷĥɾ̧ʱҶѴһСлڡӭͷ䣡
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Ҷһƺ棬޴Ϊɢ̼γһ޴ʯӡ
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ࣣࣣ
ŨҵĻ븡𣬳ٴʧԭء
ҶһҪٴ֣˫ĿȻɴ֮һâȻڳϵնϣ
ֶƽѾѧ룬ﵽͬزʱҶȻ
ֶΣǳѾͻ񻯾أ
ɲɣҶʧȥ˳˵λãҲʧȥ׷ֶΡ
æԭأסͼףдƮлƣ˷ƽʿǰ˳߲̫һּ뷣
ɫתлɳܲһ£ŵ״ӿ׹䣬¡¡ɳת
ҶĿɿڴɳһ׺ĵϣ־ŸߴһĻƽʿԻɳΪ˫Ŀ㣬һŭ𣬾ŸƽʿҶһɱ
ҿ
ҶͷƤ飬Цá
ϻһֺаȻ콫ײɣ
Ҷη壬ϣֱŴսʿ
ǾŸܹȻʵ壬ȻһɸߵͣȻ໥仹ϣȫ֮£һ֮ԷҶк·ߣΪ
ЩȻѸ죬ײԴӦҶֻá貨΢Լ٣ʱŸܱûмʱӦҶȭһߡ
ɻûݵҶˣֻǽʣĿܣڵƬ̣д»ָһĿܻƽʿ
Ҷüͷ壬Ÿƽʿͬʱ˵ĳЦҵĻƽʿӵв֮ۺ񣬵ҲþʱҿҵĻƽʿΡ


293 ʩ
ҶھƽʿΧ֮£ԾŲսݣüͷ壬˫Ŀ֣Ѱ֮֮ڶǾƽʿʱҶȭŻ٣Ϣؾսɡ
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֪Ҷ𸴵ϵھŸƽʿ֮䣬Ա𣡡
ʩչ֮ʱ˶ữΪһŸƽʿɳɣһһǳжϳصĸƽʿ֮ϡ
ͼھ⣬Թߵȴܿ˺ӵĲ֣ɴ˫ۣȵϵҪȻӲƴɿ׼ˣһڻƽʿģп
Ҷ͵һһŭ𣺡СӶ죡
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һֳ˫ĻƽʿȻһִ޴Ĵͷͬ׳ʯЯһɴݳǰկƣֱͼס
ӰһȻУҶһȭǾ޴ӭ飬ǰľŸƽʿ¶˿˿ЦأڿʼغŶ¿Ҫһ󡯵Ϸˣ

һ䣬ҶӰֱܵľŸƽʿȥʵʵӰ죬Ի˵жϡ
һĿһӰͬʱƽʿͣշתŲЦСԷԴҵƶ棡ƶʩչ׾ŹбԼҳڣ
ͼ׵֮󣬳ıսʽͬҲƣҶ޷жڡ
飬飡
ƽʿҶƣȴһɻɳ֮У𽥻ָԭΣʵ˿δ
ҲڴʱŸΧסҶĻƽʿͬʱŵҰ񱩵ƼԴͥ״̬ס˷ͬʱ
ŵĽͬʱϮҶܿڱߵɫк󱳣ֵƬ̣˵ƼҲ֮ɨҶֻóſϵӲš
֮䣬ŷͬͨġꡱ죬ʮϢʱ䣬˫ŸԺľͬʱִϢ
ҶӰ£˵ڵϣϴ죬ֱ֮Ħĸ¿ûðɫ̲סĴָ޵һֲ
ȤȤ˵ͬƣ΢΢¼ʦ޺ĽĽһ֮⣬ƶûκһ濸סƼĶ֡СӣȻֻܲƶ֪Сѻڼּأ
δ˵ƽʿХ׷λٴνҶΧ˺ġ
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ҶЦ˫ּţЦͬʽΪһеڶʩչ᣿У

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ʮơһСлڡ

˺ٴ٣ȻΧסҶɲǣѾʼ׼ŹƼ󡱵ʩչһҪҪϢƬ̣ϵҶһȴ˵û׼׵γɵѵ˸ǰ

һƽʿֱӱײ÷飬űǵڶ
ŸƽʿԾŹԵķλΧסҶƵתһȦ÷׷׻飬»Ϊɳ
Ȼ޷ҵڣԱ㽫ȫһ飡
һƽʿΪֳ֮ɳأƮ
ҶţȴǰȻĹˣѰ˵ڡ
Ϥ٣㻹

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һһ㣬𵴡
ҶһɨӣʱɫأԭУŸ޵ӰڻͣոձƵĻƽʿȻ˵³֡
Ȼأ󷨱㲻ܱƻ
ǳ֮ͼ׺Ҷûа취ˣߣҪң
ؼʱ̣λֵҲЩ
ҶȻЦȴһҵ˵ķλô
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ƽﱻԼ벻õĳЩֵһˡ
ҶٿȻĿ͸Ǳյʵʵȫĵľ񶼼֮ڣһĵЦƮҶɤܴݣϹװŪļΪԻҵ˫ۣӳҵ𣿡
鵴ӹ⴫˼䣬˷ֲķλȴ޿ײ룬ܴݡ
ԣ˲мɤȻ𣺡Ҷб£Ұ
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նϣҶӰٿȻٳʱѾ˰У˫ȫ·һ΢͹


294 
˵ľֻü䣬ؼȻһһĨǿä
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˱ŭҶ֮ƶҪһ
ʱʱƮ١
ŸȻ۳͵ĻƽʿԭҰ֮ϣâʧŸȻ
ǰŸ޴ѣҶɵҡͷʧЦ˵⡾޼󷨡ɳ͹µ۾ĹҲضãӹ졭
ûʦңġ޼ǲŽд󷨣ãлƳͼ׼Ҷ˳ˣһʵʱ̣㵽õʲô취ҵģ
Ҷνʼ磬ǵСϷѻ󷨡ҲŴ󷨣ѧѧҽ㡭
ͼһ̾Ϣϵĺֻƾһͨ赡ܷ˶񹦾˲ģѹְǰô鷳
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Ȼػ˻μ׵ͼָָ󱳣̾ʱ˰ɣҰ
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Ҷһ㶣Ӻԣνɣ¾֮ͣҡ
ٷƨͼײˬһ֣ؿҶһۣ˵ĥĥνӵʲô·ԵҰ˵Ⱦܾȵģ
Ҷҭ˸ͷ룬ʵôʣ
ͼ룬һָͷɱһٸˣһٸϵĸ֡ȻˣȥɱƵлħ죬ǾݹҲˣˣ֣Ҳɱã
ҶĿ࣬û˵
ЩԭĺӣСɱ¾гȭͷǵֻеӲǡ˵Ҷɱһ˵ʱҶظܵԷʵ⣬˿£ЩɱΪ¡еĸо
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ҶԷһƣμִƣǲμһᣬסơ
ִ᣿ͼ׵¶һ˿һĽƻЦݡ
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ȻͼҿһƣЦΪԭⳡִᣬҲųϷϣ赲סǶҵ׷ɱϧԻǣȴû뵽̫ƽˡĻ
ɼϾʦͽԵ֣ΪʲôҪ׷ɱ㣿Ҷʵ
̵ġͼ˿ĭͶɼΪǸǿߣӲūţĹߣ˼ʮҲͰˣͷȻǵ
ͼ׽渵ԭʶһսɼһͿأԼͽܵȫڹؼʱ̣ͽܡࡱذϺ䵱ƣһԵͼ׿š
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295 ԭ
벻ԭĲģȻϵԭİΣ
֮ǰѾмݵ̫ƽк֣ԭΪǱɳĵɧԭԭǱӣǸոɼ
ͼ׳̾һԭɼҲһȥһҲذϺ˵³ԲǣֻŴҵҿԭƽգݣȻץסҵвҡߺߣͼӲɣһݣɱӣԼӣһԪ˧Ȼﳤȥ
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ͼһңǵ˽⣬ΪҼ𣿾ᣬҲ塭һɱǻŵʱ򣬱Ǳ
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֪ɼ˵вȣް취֮£Ҳڼڳ֣Ӳɼʹɱְ
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ӺСʱÿһԭϵĺӾ֪ҪȥͱҪġԭ뺮ǣͬڲԭϼǿĲ䡪ǳܣû˻ΪԵ˵ʴȣǶԼĲ̡һ˳ūһͷţҪ
ͼ۹ҫҶЦЩڵŪ£ȫҵԭˣôܻԭϵأһֱЦӴ½ϵĸ衢˼ȡһǲԭ˵۾ԭҲ˲֪ηڸв֪
ҶĬ
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ԭĻȷҪԭ࣬붬һѩܶϰǲ½ӣþͽϰĲԭ
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Ǵԭڸԭԭ͢ĸԣԭԭӦȼ۵֤Լԭ͢Ĳɻȱһ˫ͬһ֮£ͬչ
κһһĵȡ洦ͳΣս⵽˫ڵķԣٴηѣ»صԴӶĳͻ֮С
Ҷһ˲䣬뵽ǰջõĳƳ峯
жͬһ㣬пƸ׳нļƲߡ
һձǿľΪԼ󣬶ǺĶ徫ӢãǸ߹ٺ»ٻʢ볯͢һģ벿ȺڣΪͬȺ塣
Ƴ壬ʵ߶ǺܳɹģҲͿƳںڽļšƳ̲¹ȻͶͻʣԭٶ궼ûʵٶԭһвĹ֣ûвԭ
ȻƳ̫ݣ˽ڶʹƶ֮ϣͳν׼ĸò˵ܱĿϣʼն˼ǿԺͿ
лᣬһԭ͢ȫлһٽ½ежͳһ½
˿ԱߵͼףҶа룬Щ뷨ʵʩĻʵǰһһֵ£Ķ
ֻСӲ̫ÿƣŪþͻŪɳ׾ڶɼ
Щ߰뷨ԺתһȦ㱻ѹȥ
ͼѾܹԼָ֮ԼĵѾػʵҶǵͼһϯéٿԺԭԭηչڿԿƵģպͼعԭչԸҶĳԴϳһӦ
ͼһжʱ󶯣Цһ죬ͼױضϳհ
һΪҶֵͼִȥ򶫣긮Ѱɵӣ˽ӦСľҶգΪ̨ӷϴ
ͼ֪ҶȥΪչһ£Ҳֶ˵ֻǱȭһ񣬱긮ķҴҶȥ

ͼʧҰ֮ںҶ˿Żһƣɵ΢̾벻ȻͼһԸͷڶĶǣû̵ô֮ǰ㷴ҧһڡ
ʰ׵Ҷ̫ķȡֱݸȥ


296 ӥ
Ҷͼףһ·ݸȥպ֧ˮ˳ֱϣձ㵽ݸһС塣
ҶһСֱݸֻա
ʱǰб׹οյεɫྻգֻһĨϼӳĵСˮס
ҶŲ紾ӵСС壬ֻһСϪֳʽéСϪˮ˻Ƶڰ߻ҳǴΪϷ
ҼҴ죬Ȼ֮ʱ
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ҶҲˬ˷ǳ
Ѱһ곤ߣ̸һ̸С飬ȴԶһȺͯʱĶɽˮ࣬ʯͤ·ɣ顣
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֮߳䣬Ҷһȴɫ䣬æĿĹˣѰҿ֮ˡ
ӣҶʶǴ˼£ҲûзκһˣϸƷζһ¸ʣвкһ˵ĺͯ˼䣬ͳһ֮ͭ󣬺ͯҶһСɽȥ˵˼䣬תȥ
Сɽ֮ϵլҶ΢΢һֱ̾˽ȥ
һصũСԺط󣬳һ֮⣬᷿λøĳ˳Ͳ񷿡
żѼᣬѼȺԺȥʱСڵٳɢĲѣĸɾ
ſڣһųſһ˵ŮӣҶ޲˳СԺĿ϶ȥԶٽ㣬ϻࡣɽ´棬ƽƾչУǰ棬緫㣬ֱߡ
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״һмƳһֳۣвĺҶͽ人һۣ˾ͽ˵ͷ˼ʴ֪ƹĿڣƵĴˡ
״Ƽʢֱһů¯ֻѱͺˣů¯Եúܶࡣ
ȥԭϣĵĴ󺺵õֻӦ˾ͽ˿̣Ǿ仰̵ĸƷ
״󺺵ӵʱɵüŭ𼸺۾˳ŵָǷףһȵͷղ˵ʲô
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302 ɱ
˰γĽĴӶɱĺ˳
нĽǶȣΪ׼ӿѪҺ罦ǵطΡ
ɱѵҪȳѪҺȴʺλãԷסš
Ѫûнϣûнϡ
óо飬·մѪȣܲϴɾϽѪǻӰԷġ
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ʱڵƵĹ̨ǣɻ
ǸͲĻԺվƲ޵ĺӣ״󺺵ʬȥ˺
ҶͻȻʵʣؿǰӡ
˾ͽ̴ЦģǼҲĺڵ꣬ͷ
˼ҵЦδϣſڵ޲ٴα
ӰѩƬ㱻紵
ͬʺ磬ͬĿ߶ңͬͣͬĸ߰ͬı
Ȼ˿ǵĿֻǶԷڵṦĿĴ磬ѲƵ۾ֱˡ
ͷĵˣһɳƵɤһ洫˳
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ɱеǮʹ˺ֱ¶ģҪм˸ʲô
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ҶЩ㶣һԵȴһ汦ģʵǡһߺ졯Ǹ˾綾ӵļһһתͷҶЦʣӦǡˣ
Ҷûд𻰣ֻؿŶԷ
˾ͽ̾ϢһСëô͸Ĳеģɻľٸʵס˵꽫Էһȵɣ
һ˶ʱ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ѹؽ뻳Уȴһģ˾ͽ˴ָ
˾ͽοЦӻͳƱԷϹأųʮ飬ССͣŮ˶Ƥϡ
ǻүңһЦæ˹ȥҶһ̨֣һܺԵ긮ټ
˵һɷƵ˳ȥ
ˣҲȥʬˡ
ᣬҶ˵ǰһȴѾˡ
˾ͽһеֱԣҪþãԵĺáߣӰˡ
µһҶһֻһ֡
ʿơ
Ҷ˿ΪԼǰˣʥȭĺڵ֡
벻
Ҷؿ˾ͽ죬ʵ֪ˣ
˾ͽҡҡͷֻ֪һǸԲֶܳԸˡ
ǸꣿҶ˭
˾ͽ̾˿һУҪһеĹء㲻ʣˣͻֹֹˣ鷳Լ°ɡ
˵꣬˾ͽҲûг


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ԣⳡɱҪг׼ȻݵԼƭŲ˿
׼ȷʱ䣬׼ȷĵص㡣
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лű䱡ȴ
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307 س
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ԶҶ͵һѪص
֡˧췲æǰԵлֳ벻־Ȼ˸Ľ衭
ҶװѵҡҡͷѯʵǸŮ
ˡ˧췲Ȼ¶һصı飬мǾˣǣ浱үǺǵģģգǾҵ


311 ǣ
˧췲Ȼûſںߡ
ʥΧ֮ڣҵչ⾰ûõ
ǶȽƺŮҲûаҪӶݵļ
Ҷŭ˧췲󣬼һ߿ССջΨһϷĴ֮ͬ˧췲һǰһĻˡ
ʱƣһȲڵϣԵĿżȡ
ڵϵļͷλŮ˲ٹ⾰ƺǻһ㡣
ôָһȻʵūҿɵãһֻлҳԹˡ
˧췲ŭȻ˸ɾշǳһƨڰϣֵ˵࣬ٷϻϢң֮ʹ塭

һЦָ˧췲Ĵת췲Ǻñ£ȻǸļһ
˧췲͵֣类ݵһ㣬ȻŮ˽䱸ǳ
˧췲С֪أҶϣȻڴӦǣ֮ڲ鷳Գôʱ䣬ԶݱȻӹ˽١
𣿡Ƭ̣ҡҡͷūһһЩҪûʱ뿪ڡ˹ˣҸԩ޳Ϊ鷳
ҹǻǼһҶֵܼ˹ϵĪ棬Ҳ˳ͷҲ˵˧췲͵֮ǰԼ鷳ϽҪϢ滨ھͰȥڡ
Ŷһ࣬¶˼ı飬˧췲һ仰š
㡭˧췲İŭɶ
ǡڴʱ¶˼֮ɫƲɫ˵˾䣺𡯽
ʲô˧췲һʱȻûлع
˵𡯽̾˿ٴظһ飬͵ǸСسʱûеһʱؼңȴ˽Ȼ֮ûҵҪĶʮа˾ţǽˡ𡯽ɫΪ棬ǰһһ汦ģЦʵ췲磬ʲô㼱У
˧췲һ̾˼μִ֮⣬бǼҸһΪȻǿļֵȻ󣬵ϾǼҸأֻأҸв
Ŷ
νʼ۾ȴһƬŹ֡Ľâ
˧췲⣬˵ֻתͷǽʮɱ֣Цʵʮ֣²֪ɷһ֮˧ĳл
˧췲λһ˵ɱ֣ԸΪʥ̳˵ԼύϾɱҲǺڵˣպⲻõԼĵط
ʱҶȴ𡱽𾪣벻鵽ͷø鷳Ȼ֪˧̾ʲôĻ£ϢǶȻᴫĻУ֪ʲôĺ
˧췲ѯʣķҵҶǸʱҪ£°Ī
˧췲ʧɫ
Ҷһչ˧ֲʧ⼸ĳ긮ʲôҪæģֻҪʱ䣬Ȼν
˱лʮֵˣ˧췲Ц˼ˣǼ·ǰ긮ɡ
ӯȻЦõģǳɡ
˧췲ʧɫȵȥ긮ʲô£
¶һίı飬ūҲҪȥ긮˳·λһСŮһ̣ɺã
˧췲˲ƿԣҶȴüͷ壬вס

ҹ˾
ΪڵͻͻҶ˸ϵ긮ʱѾҹʱ֡
˧췲룬Ҷһϣǰµ緽ʽҵ˻ͷʵ˾ͽµϢգշתҵһϽլԺ
լԺеȼ˵ƻ
ĬļҶ£Ҷҹɫŵƹ⣬߹á
լԺĺܡ
Ҽ˾Ⱥ·Ҷֿңʾ⡣
Ҷͷʾ⣬̤ʯףֱá
ʯӭ細ͷͬۼ
óҲơ
㣬¥Ϳҹƣ
ƹ£ǰʯ񼸵ԱߣվһλסòΰĸүѮ£ֶƲһ΢ӼҵĹٸԱһ㡣
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣Էȴ´һۣиֳһ˿̵ɫȵˣ
Ҷޱ飬ûҪʲôʱ򵽡
Ǹ۾һУһˡ
Ҷö˵һ֣ɱˣǮأ


312 ޹
ԷٴθֳЦʮѾͷˣȡȡһĿꡭ
ȶԷ˵꣬Ҷתߡ
վסǸüͷһ壬ȵҵĻû˵꣬ˣ
ҶãֱȥͬʱñȶԷҪ˵ȳԼϣҪҪߣҵ£
̲Ȼŭȵѵͷû˵εֻǿʼֻһĿ꣬õͣһжʮ͵㡭
ҶŲ̸ͣ⣬ûͷң㣬䣡
쵰

ӰһΣǸԽҶͷǰ࣬Ϸ֡ƣ뽭ʮ꣬û˸ô˵
ˣҶ⣬ŶԷ
ɫһ䣬ٿһƣ͵һ䡣
žһ죬һŰȶȻϳ˺üأƵȴ𣬻һڵϡ
һȹڽϣйĶȫҶУȴϸع۲쵽Էֻһƣȴķֱ֣ʩϣƵȴĽȴͨ˿
ҶƤ΢΢һķִɽơ
ĶģѧͶԷΪŹĳ
ţڡ
Ǹֳɽ䷨塢СĿƣҲķڵڡ
ͥڶ಻ͬһͳͥڱǴ¡
ݸʤĶУ绨ܹµĹУ˫ˡħġѪ綾Ϊ˻˫ìܣҶðżգ˹䣬ԭΪгͻ벻쾹Ȼôһλ
ԭǸʶġƲ֣Ը֮ɫƣһ⣬Ϸڴ׼ҵģӸȻɫ˵ѾǸӡʮȷ㽲ȻѾȥɾûôˡ
Ҷȷû
˼ԷͻȻԼ鷳ԭڡ
ڶԷУȴʮˡ
ǶԷøſ
Ƶüëһ˼ԱߵһڱϵѵƵ£ĺƯ̫ʮֵ޴Ȼ˧췲Юһö֮롮һɽׯڽ֣ŪǷꡣ
һ˵ţƻһķ֣ѵݣǸɱɱ֣ǽͣҪŽͲҪ⵶ͷѪ½֪νһ񣿼ֱ쵰ֱƣ
ҶȻתͷŶԷֻǮ£ҵ˽£ֲܣ
֪ˣ
һٿȻǰһȻǧҪΪԼε񲻹ǳɸѡģֹһˡ
ǺüˡҶһ䵭ʽ˳
˵꣬ͣٲȻٴοֱ֮ͥ⡣
ڲȻŭҶһָϺȵʮǰһұ֤ȾͲˣ
һ䣬ܴͥһƿֻ֮²¶ʮˡ
һ˿δйŭ۵׸֣Ҷվ
һƲԣԷƣ㵱ʲôطǹԹҵͷǸһᡭ

һ΢ԭزʮȻٿȻתָɽʽһ쳣ֱۡ
˫Ŀһɣһ˫ĳҶӭһ£
Ҷʱеһǿ˼Ϊ֮Ϣӿнһն
ռ䣬Ӳơ
˻˻˻˻
һѲҲƵƸոջһƣȻһΪģҶ֮µһɾֱҶŶ
Ҷһߣһתָͬɲǻ
һƣ˲գ򻨴һƬҶմ
ǧӰɲǺϳһ壬ǧϳһֱǰ
ǡʮеһ
ʮһ
оⶸȻ䵽£˫ǰ͵һӣ̩ɽƳ룬ʮ͵ֱֱۣץҶֱָۡؿڡ
һ̣ҶеָҲˡ
ѼĽƣȻʧ
ֻһֿһǱǡ죡
·ޱ߼ʣֻǼµĿ죡
쵽Ƶ۾ѾһеĹ켣
书޼᲻ƣΨ첻ƣ
ƵֱۻͣץסҶ·ϣҶָѾƵüĴ
ϧˡҶǳһ˿Ц⣬ʱϵһģһ˵ϧġĦֻ֡ʮ֣ﵽʮֵĻ˵ܵסһ


313 ̽
ʱɲǼ䶨ƶͷĺˮڻգڵء
ƴӾתʱ򣬿ֻҶ°ıӰʧͥͷ
ΪûƵĽʮ֣Ҳûһ˸ҳء
Ȼˡ
һЦ洫صĽŲͭӥһĳЦ
һʱߣѵɱң֮ߣ
ĻܴͭӥЦǵĶԷ֮кαҳ
һҶʧķ૵ĽȻܿ¡һֵá
Ŷ㲢δȫͭӥ˵
ƵΪԷûиʹȫĻᡭߺߣܺãǱѡеɱ֣ʮ겻ȻԳΪӰ˾ռ֮ľɱ֣
ͭӥɵóһôߣ
ǵġȻɱ֣ͬڽ͡ƴĲʵǿ׼ᣬȫһ۽硣ԣɱֲһҪȶ书ߣõɱֿɱ书Լǿĸ֡
ͭӥüͷһ壬˼ǡɱֻӥ
кβɣƵƳͭӥһۣԱߵĿΣսܺǷϸУΪ˫۷Ź⣬ԭƻ䡣һᣬһĻᣬҲɱչ۷Ҳ˵ʧܣҲٳ֣֮ǰƶĿꡣ
ͭӥĦ°ͣƬ̣Цȥ˵һ˵Ӧⲻ󡣵ӥ
һ˿мҪ˵𣿱ˣǸСӱϾǲԭ֣˼δԭȡӥλã˵㡣λãȽȵߺߺߡ
ͷһЦͭӥҲЦֻ۵׵⣬ȴǲΪĿֹ

Ҷһ˴ڣɲɫء۲족ϢΪǿ
ӡУǿϢֻ绨Ͼ
ҲȻ׵͸֡
ƹ̼ԼƺҲһֿ飬ǿԼǿԼڼ·ֵ
֪ĿǷ˵Ϲ
֮ߵһˣȥ˾ͽͷʱˡ
ճլԺҶü΢΢һһ˿ɵ΢΢Цתͷ߽һڰС֮С
ǱҶŴСʧֽ߽Ǳתˡ
ɺɫ磬ñԵķңñԵ̧żᣬҲɭӣ
Ҷȥɭͬʱ¶Ĩȴ׺ݵЦݡ
ǽӥ¸Ҷ˲ôɱƥǡ
ƥȻˡߺߣۣǰºڣʲô֮£׼ҵһˣޣܵܺȷʮıӰȴơ
һЦʯĦɤ˵ƥֵܣ˼Ǹçײҿթ
һ㶣ʵѵֱ˼
̾ϢһΪɴҵһЩν֮ʿȵΣֵ΢ᣬʱǹͻٲҪӼӣЩԲ֮˺
ǡɻؿһҶʧķ򣬡ʮ飬ˣ
СҲ治ʲô϶ǼͷȥˡڵľӢűɣһơͭӥĻ顭
˵꣬˻˺ںڰ֮С
˵Ȯ֮ԶļȮ͡
һпƶƽ
ڶʧ󲻾ãһӰӸεĽһʧΡ

Ȯ飬飿
Ҷڻ¯ԱߣŴȸɾˮһͣһ߲ʵȷƣ
治Զɫ䣬⣬Ųš
¥һսڹȻӽϳҶ
֪ظҶ󣬲Һط˼ҶȮֵܶ˵̸УϤЩ鱨
ͨһƿ˾ͽһ̰ˮͷ˳һڶǰȻӦòҲ½½յϢӥЩʵһ£ͷͳȮ֮⣬ͭӥͳĻ飬Լ֪ͳĸ顭Ȯ鸺Ҵ̽鸺𴫵Ϣ鸺𹥼ɱڻû飬ʱͲ֪ˡˣֶԸӥģǻ顣
һӼʮƬͷ⣬ҶһƬһƬպ⽴ԵÿģԻصûдӥڲѶԷжС飬ͷ˶ʲô˴̽


314 Ͷ
˾ͽʼ磬˵ˣһ̷ֱӥǵӥŵֶû̽ӥСӡٺ٣ס
Ҷһ̾¿ӣǲܽһγպΪĺĥˣʱҶɴĵɱ֣ӥͰɱ
˾ͽ첻мط˷ۣ֤أʲô֤˵Ƕ˶֣ô֪˶Уץסͭӥֱӳ֮ˣʸڷϣΪԼеأ
˾ͽʣֱӽҶƿԡ
΢΢һ̾˾ͽҡ㿼ǹôĺ𣿶ԷΪѡִʱءҪ֪ȫ߹ѡӥߣƫƫʱӥͻȻϮɱͬ¸صͺصֽӥΪ˻δӥвжĥɱ¿ͬʣֻܹࣿһӥǽ֮λãԷ׼ǻͶѡʱġ
һԵҲǵͷͬͺͽӥۣݣ༽ݣǼþģǺɣðȻɱ֮˵°գʮӥڲֱΪ߽֮⣡
ֻ˵ǰɱҶԽԽС
ֵڴ󷭰ۣ׳գûв͸ǽصĸɾֻһЩ˺Ҳòʧ
Ҷһ̾ƣصǵԴڲˣˡˣһʲô
˾ͽ춨ĿҶ𡯽

ڵ긮
˸չһͬжļֻӥ֮⣬һͬϵĻͺκԽһ˫Ů
Ȼӥ
űѵӥʧˡ
ˣʬ
ûǣѵĴͣ긮һСͷԱߡ
Ϊչ۷ˡ
Ҫһ档
ͷԶһСɽϣչ۷Ŵ멣ˣɽ²Ĵ󽭣ʯһ
ͺκԽˣиϵķӥӣˢˢɽͷ
κԽҪǰкȴͻֹ
Ϊʮѣ֪ʱòҪŵλɥӵӥ
ˣ
չ۷ӰͻȻƽشһʺ
ˡʹһ䣬һ٣ߵ˼֣Сӣˡ
ֻӥ˵ʮӥʮӥչһĺӣͽܺ¡
ӥչ۷ɻתϻǺޱ顣
ӥǰһҪ˵ȥչ۷ɰ˰֣룬κҿˡ϶Σˣʧ
κԽɫһ죬ҲҪ˵ȴչ۷ɵһۣ˲ŵòҳ
ܷʲôţҼ϶Բᱳң
ֻôһ仰ȺзӥֵܣĬĬһӥһͷˮǿƲסص
ģֻǿӥһһ仰ȴδЩ
չڵѱ̧
ײĸǴ򿪣¶չʬ塣
ֳɲ̣ȴû˿޳ᶼס΢һĴӥ
չģǰӢ˶֪Ͼٲܸ
չ۷ɽʵڰոСʱոʱһ
Ȼ䣬Ἲ¡
׷ͺڷˣ顣
ʹͷ
ǰδչ۷ɵᣬڣЩҿһչ۷룬ȻᣬǾ󲻵Ҳҿ¡
ͬͷģκʵ
Ŀ룬ƺڡ
չ۷ɵļ˺Ƭδжϴ
ֻһΡ
ΨһĴ󾺺ΨһĶӡֱ˿̣֪󾿾
ͬĴԺҲܷ
뵽һȫѽӲ
֯ܣܵþһֻ֯ȴ˸ȱڣװȱڣҲ׵ȵʱֻǿյģ㲻飬Ҳȫ޼ֵ
ԸһҳȱȴҲ
ӥˣΨһ⡢˵µĺӣҲߣ˭˿أ
һǿӥʱУǸʹʧӣǻ㱵ˡ
ԣͳˡ
˻֣æ׷׺ˣ֪λһսʮѣЩҪ˽̸һ̸
û˸Ҵǡ
û˸ҽԣƻǶ֮Ĺϵһ
ǰһѵĶϵϣôˣ㻹䱯ˣһΪӱһ·ߺðɡ
չ۷ɳ̾˿ڣ㣬Ҳ֪˭
̾Ϣһʵˡѵûϴĳ


315 ²ж
ȻҲֻͲ˵ҲֻŻ˵
չ۷ƣ¶һ˿ʹ֮ɫһֱԼĶӣԼĶӶΣȴܲΪЩ³֮⣬ĺûбˡ
һ׽ʱȷһǳʹ£
ȴȫޱ鵭۷ɣ㵱ȥˣֻһɣ֣նݳ㰭ڶ֣ҿ֣ٻɡնչ۷˲˼
ϣֻ˲Ų˻ɡ
˺ܾãչ۷ɲŻ˵ʱȷǼԵģûʸնݳ
֪Ǹ͵
Ҽǵã㻹Ѿͷ޸Ϊ޵ġ
һ̾ǻȻԸҵŮ֪´ļϣߣκһɵ˴ڣӥˣҲˡ
һ˵ţһƮƣԶ˵˵κԽϡ
չ۷΢΢һ㶣ôκҲɣ
Ͱ̾һһ·Ҷ̽һҧӥСŮͼ죬ҲȻҧ֮ӥѲϵǼҿɻǵãǸé®СӣΪڻңǱҽĳȥ˰ˣû˵ǵ٣ҪǼʱϵҸ嵨£ΪŮɫأ
չ۷ɲɫԭⲽ
вܽķʹ࣬ͻ᲻ͣȥ
ͺʶʮ꣬Ȼ֪ϰߣҲ֪һ˼״̬ʱȫԸ˴ţͬʱҲľжϡ
ܾúܾ֮չ۷ɲͣ½Ųʵô
ܼ򵥡͵˵ٽӥ
ٽӥݶȨȫ͵У˱ܽΣͣʱ֣ĽҲùֱӷ
ҲʵıѣʱֻѸ£ԭӥľӣȻɢʱһ֣ɽɱӪ֮ڡ
͵Ȼ򵥣ȴǾ֮ơ
ҹɫѽ٣ԶϵĴϣȼ˻ѣ⴦ССɽͷÿ˶ѱ˺ڰӰΨӥ˫
ƬͣͣȻת̵
ȥҽӥ
³ƺ۽ӥ벻ע˲·
͵һɣǲɵøһ˿΢Ц
ڵҹ˭ûע⵽ӥǵĻȣƺҲ֮һ¡

ϻͷǱ鲼µݡ
ҶΧ¯𣬱Ϸһ裬һѵһո֦Ҷ֦ϸš
ģһįˡ
˾ͽ컹Ҫϡ
ˡ
ҶķԸװӣڽ긮֣ȡִƣװļ
֮ɱҲˡ
Ǹॵģ˸ǩһζģ˭ˣ֪ĲʳĳŮ
һߺ˵ˣǰһѪۣ㽫ʳ룬ȻţһսĵˣȻˣóס
ҶѭеĹأûд˴ɱĶ˭Լʶѣʱܲסֽɱˡ
ΪѹסԼĺģҲΪһĴɱʱר־Ľ
һĳľҪһĳ糤ľ
ϻͷһĿжķԼܹṩϢȫһ顣
Ҷȴŷţֻǰѽ
漫죬ĵȶ
˭һɱֻһżʮ꾭ľһ㣬ôһ˫ȶ֡
ľˣȻǽ״
ĳľһĳ߶糤Ľн棬нȴûнɡ
Ҷḧ棬¯ϣϴֵı顣
˭Ҳ˷ܣǱˣǸп
û˿ʱ״̬Ǿޱȵϡ
Խϡ
ĽĿתؿҶ̲סЦһʵıˣòҪһɣ
кβ𣿡Ҷ
͡
ϸ೤ľҶеСһľľϴͷβŷǼӲľɲֽɵģľϸû˿仯иɣ׼ȷȵ˷ָ
ɲǼ侹ȻЩԺĸо̲סѵ˿ĭ
ýһֱĬһߺ죬ͻȻһ̾
˿˶ԷϵһۣһҪбˡ
Ǳб£ˣ
һߺɫ䵭оƺһ


316 ׼
һߺ첢ûз˵Ļ꣬Ҳȵøˡ
˾ͽؿһߺһۣӣȴûඣ
һߺûпڡ
˾ͽ첻ɵóһ̾ȻǺοࣿ
Ҳʬ⣬ҲˣԻ˸ɾһߺ쵭Ӧ
˵ñһߺУȴû˿Ȼ֮ɫŷĿͨ͸η֮ģϸ۾ȴܳеĻ
һγ˻˷ܣҲʹ౯˵¡
ȫעضҶѩ˳ָһʱ侹̵ĻҲ˵
һߺᳬԼŬѰҶе
ľ·д±仯ģϸ΢Ҳ塣
ʮеذףȴȶĺˣȻǰһ㣬׼ȷһ㽫ľ䣬ľм׷ɣһѳĳ֡
ʮĶħȤԣȴ˲©һ˿һ
˵ȫҶĶȫ˹ȥ
ֱһѽɣżٺŷ֮ǰѾȫ˺һ㡣
ôôֵĸо
˲ǳֻǹ۲ҶĸոַƺԼ㿴һЩʲôϸһ룬ָоƫ׽ɵã˳˼
Ҷ󹦸ɣؿ˿еľĵϵľмԣͷ£һЦСֵܱǰ֮ˣĳľܿþ۾Ȼôľ㿴ˡ
˵꽫ľһԷУЦǺǵϻͷԱߣˮ๾غ
ȻվľŻ䡣лŸձҶµļͷ
û˸ļͷҲļͷ
ҶȴȻˡ
ĺ޽ģûһ˿Ͳ
ô
ѵԼʧȥһɱӦеĽģ
ղҪɱԼԼֿС
뵽˴˲ɣѵ˿ĭŷֱʱԼδ˵һ
¯ľ̿յž죬˾ͽ쳤һվҹ͵ɡ

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ʧٵѪĪѪڸֲɱ֣ڵĸĽԼķޣĪϵ޷⿪ţΪ֮⡣
ԷһƣĽѪ˫ʱΪ֮һɱȻǵСӣȻ㲻ã

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322 
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323 ͭӥ
ר˸ѶִٿڼͶҪҵټʲôѵ顣
ҶƷǵûбʾΪ˷ܡ
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324 ȴ
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˧췲ޱɻı֮£Ҷﳤȥʧڳ־ͷ


327 ǰԺ
СӥչòõüΪ򵥡
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ӥϲӥצչ͸ʱͰڷѵԱߡ
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Ժ֮ڣǰС㳡ϣʮӥеѾ룬վһţˢˢעǸӰ
Ϊ֮⺷ͭӥʮӥ㶼һʱ˽ܣͭӥһֺȺĸо
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ŭӥôһѪӥҲʱŭɤߴ󺰵Ż쵰ɫѣǸʧ۾Ȼͬ˿Ӻ磬ҿӦȥϴϴˡ
˵ʲôŭӥ˦־һ˹ȥ
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аʹĲӥǱǰֵܷĿһĻŪûֱðҪ֮ʣȴǰɿͭӥͻȻХǰ˫ֶָһۣ͵һק
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ͭӥˣȫһʱ侹Ȼû˸Ҷ˵һ֣׷׿ǸϱӰ
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˵꣬ӥǷŷ˲ϼʮıӰʧ֮С


328 Ѱ·
ڵһʱ㿴ңҿ㣬㶼ԶԣֻܹΪ񣬷׷ȥ
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ӥüͷһ壬ͣ½Ųתͷʵ£
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ͭӥἰ£ӥĿⲻһᣬΪʦŹ֮¶෱æСһŮмȻ޷Ϊʦǣڽ߳ƣСò֪жôĽС¶Զ
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ͭӥٴ̸ӥӥвⷳ꣬üͷ壬ֻ˼ϸ壬Ϊ˶ƸУǹֺá
ǣǡͭӥͷֵҿûб˼ֻǳʮ϶ͶԵߵ϶ʲô飬ȻѰʮáҵ׶һֵܣܺæʮƴǣõõĵطܷԸţ϶ȻвѵĿԡ
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ͭӥЦЦطʡ
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˵֮ͨ꣬οֵܣͭӥӻͳһƱֱӵ˹ȥȻʮƱŹֵת˵ˡ
ҹӥʱϲӹƱлһת˲ʧ
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ͭӥɱһţοģί㼸죬ֻҪӥµĵһѽΣұػȢš
˵㻰ڣκʵһЦͭӥͷɲĹһıӣߵΪλ֪ж󣬾ӥݺˣҪ㲻ȢңҾͰĻȫ˵ȥٺٺ١
κʵһ⽿Цȴûпͭӥ۵׿ɱ⡣
ԹŻµıضŮӡ
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329 
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ӥ֮ӲδݼĴȴȫ롣
ʯͺӵչĽֵܣҲ˶ɢʯ绨кԴޡ
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ʮбļйϸѻǵˣûʲôùӳԡ
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һϮصİɫۣƮȻɵλͬϯ˧췲Ҳæվִ
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״̬˸еĪ⡣
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ʱܹԺѾٮǷǷѾʱԺһеˣǵġʮ
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ѱ򵹵˷ߡ
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ΪǰԺµ͸ոͶɢʯڣ侹֮˶ûУ۴Ҳ͸ڵĹܼңҲţӰ֣֡Ҳڰˡ
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һĸݣĿƣòǾġףһˣͱ֮˶һţȴһͺϺУֻ˫Ŀŷɵı۰Բ͹˫׹ֱð˫ָڳˣۻȵֻȭڿбžžıһϵ䣬ǰոͶΪ油·δ˪档
Ϊ֮ˣ֮ǿٱָ߾ˣѾвٲ³ݣǾΪ֮һġЦЦˡ
һʱȺۡ
˰ײԺͼȷǳĵطʱΪ˸·ڿճƬռ䣬ɸ˽һЩ˻վͷ
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Ӱ֣֡סĵǰһһ֣ǰΪ񣬵λǰǲμӼģԺƬ̣仹δʼ
չ۷أЦЦ淺°ͣϴҵܣ۱֣չ۷ɻҵʦֲֶ˵ң
֣üͷһ壬æӥңھɼ뽫ִƣ

һͬʱĴָָһԵһӰֻ֣֡Ŵһش˵һ˱˳ȥغʹ
ЦЦһչСܵħаҾϮɱħԼӥ֮ӣʲôȻңչ۷ɳ
һε̴ľУʩʩȻ򿪣ͷһͷ­ȺۺλҿǺ˰
Ⱥ۶һ˲ͣ˿ס׿סȸ


330 ͷ

ھͬһʱ̣ȸͷ­ֻһӰͻȻԼǰӯҫˮϢͬʱͷ­һһֱƶ
ͷ
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ˡ
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ĿƥȻɢԭȺܼԺֻ⡰ˡһУŰ˽Ҷ׷ɣֱֱعǽǡ
Ϊ̫ǿԺһǽڣ׷ɵӲһ
ԺʱΪ֮һգǧȺأȺǽǣ췢һʹߡ
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ˡ
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ÿ˵϶¶һ˿ͰĺȻ֮ɫŷһ̵ĳ飬ͻͬЩʯһ޳
ɾڴҲĿӵʱ̣Ժһ¹էͻȻ䱬ѹ͵عâһǣһ˦˳ȥ
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ЦɫѿŶֵ˴һһٵص»աǧǰ˵벻վȻˡǳ飿ɵţ
һֳ࣬ǰһ죬ͷ


331 ɸ
֣һжڵʯ֮䣬ڳȺۻδȫһغϱȫµģֻ𺧡
ġЦЦǾȻѾͻ񻯾
һȻ˾ϸ˼֮ȴǱȻ
ΪӴ֮ɵĹǹ龳Բ񻯾ֻһŵĳ׿
ľǱھǵġ·δ˪Ҳнʱ䣬ǰҪʦħȶǰﻹҪԶ
˵һѧֶħƵҪֻħͻͽٶȣͻ񻯾ȷǿԽܵĽ
˾ȵģġЦЦǶͻ񻯣ڶġϹչһġңֻﵽεȾأ
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ͷ𣬴æãȴáӰ֣֡Ĳ졣

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ʱ䣬ǽıԺûԼ֪չϢ
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κͨԽԽ䣬Ȼתìͷֱָӥ
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333 
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չ۷ߣһܻڲĶûС
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˵Сͨ죬תͷͣ㶯֣ɱĴ󻵵

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С㡭
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ͣ׿˫ͭצֱ֮󼪡
Ϊ𰡣ŭ˻ڡʮ˻
ţԭͬͬţ㽫ڶ׼Լ
ǶƵˣҲǽӥˡ


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ͲȻһЦ˵úãλ˿ѪѵҿܾܲȾ䣬Ͼ㿴ųġ
Ƽӥɫһᣬ̲סնݿҪ
ӥ˵ͷǸһЦͶʱҡ
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ӥһЦҪ༥ʱ׿ٿȻ˹ɫͻҪѿѾ˲καӣܻصչ۷ɵʬ岻ˣ

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ⲻܣɫͻ䣬һض˭ܲ
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ˡ
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Ҷӥ˵ԽӥұͥǵҾ½ӥ֮ʱڶļƲߣֻǶӥϦദðˡȻдһ䣬˼ʵʩҲ˳¡
Ҷô˵Ѵ⣬ŹӥͲݻɽ
ߣǻ𣿡ӥЦһֻҪһţֻ䵱һ㲻ǲΪӥδ͵˱ң˿Ү϶ļıֻѾ¶ˣܻܲӳͥͿ컯ˡӥҵƣҲ˳˽ӥ±ʱ䲻ĻҲȡǸͷڽӥߺߣʹĲбܽرڰɣ֮ұشһٵƽĮ


338 Ⱥ
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ףͬĵ˵ͷƹĸУֻӥǸ˲ɵ
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ףһ㶣æЦ˵Ķԣչ۷ȻӢۣǾ
Ȼ˵ףǼ棬ֻɫ࣬Ĭ
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ЦƢңԵŭʱϺڰ˫ӥ˶˵Ŀ⵱
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Ⱥۺĵۼڰ˫ӥӥӭӪʣһȻ

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ףЦ˵ǣͽܶѣʦʵʧܣ˷ﻹҵӣίʵЩð

ӥѣΪ˴Ϊ˷ܵˣ
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벻һȻġЦؽ󣬱˵棬ףҲһʱΪ֮Ȼ
ת뵽ӥ󾹱ֵܵͰ˲ɵһ̾мϧмֱмΣмҡ
ɱ
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ͣ򱱽Ӣɥˡ
ʮӥҲˡ
ӥʢ֮ӥҲ֮Զӡ
ۼ˼鳾䶨˶ž˵Ϣȥüá
ʱӥʱ֣洺磬Ⱥ۸ǰȻЦλиҪλһ档
Ⱥ
ӥոӥ̳дλҲӦȴӥʬι˼ȵҪȺǰδ̫
˵İǺһЦʧһЦӥ˵Ĳǻûݼչءֻɥӥֲⲻ⡭
ߺߺߣ֣˭˵ˣ
Ⱥһ𣬻ͷӥһЦ֮ϣƳ֮ˣġСӥչ
ӶһȺ۽Ծ


339 Ż
ӥһֳ֣ʱһƬ죬Ӣͦεչվÿжɵðһ˿
Ȼչ֮Ǽٵģ˵ʼգӥһı˵ͺͽӥڳȺҲȫڹڣӥĶ
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չӦһǰһףȻλ岮ۣСֶչλҾǸˡ
ܲķӥǰȺæ׷װ֣ʾް
һߵĺɽ˹ЦǰάѽѽչָӾ£СҲǷˣ֮ǰجģСǰʹ벻⾹չıȻµӥС
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ĴֻоһֳȻ̬ȣƾ׿ʵſȺۣȻڳһǽͷݷ
Цǿչ۷һЦȻչָӰȻҵֵܱˡչ֣úñ壬پۡ
˵꣬žһڸͷҲصԶȥ
չ۷ŶԷӰֺͬߣ֮£պչĳб𡣡
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չ۷̾ϢһϵȻͿʼգ޵Ķֻչ۷һˣѳ͢ҵϱʣΪ⣬ȻᡣһжлʼҷȣչĳΪٳ֣˵һˡ
Ⱥ
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⡭ΪһħȣҲɵһ¡
ΪȸȣɱվӥһֱΪˡ
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Ǳˡչ۷ɳ̾һЦ벻ԭΪͽµһ֣Ȼĳˣݼ֮ȴ˿ȸ
չԱȰοףڰ
ܸȸĳ𡭡ƫƫһʱֱãչ۷ŭһţֻܻΪһ̾
Ħвǰԭֻн߳Žһƴ֮ʵǿľڶͬͬԻٳǡ
ãжӰݼӥߺһȺׯ԰ݼ
ˣͻȻչ۷ɼ֮ϣչ֣װˣòҪ֣͵Ϯɣ
չ𡢺ԣŵɫ䣬뿴չ۷ɡ
˭Ҳûϵչ۷ɴ˾پΪ˿ȸ
չ۷ɫһȻԩ
һǡɫһװľٶѾЦʶƣֻ»ᱻԷûʵ䷴
չ۷ɫѿεֵǻ˵ûҲЦǵʵ
Ȼ
벻չ۷Ϊ˿ȸȻƴĴ㡣
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üͷһ壬еͽڣԼõģ
չ۷ҡҡͷǿСӵľģȻЦʶƣ󷴵Ҷӡ


340 Ҳԭ
ӥ˴ܵ׿ƾĴ۲죬ֱȷϷԲһﷶΧûκε˵ټĽӥ
һƷһ۳룬ȻЦߺߣƾӥŲߣǰһ裬ȻǶסӶݵܵҵȽ졭
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ӥ˰֣Ȼʲô壬ͷӷһˡ
һв졣
ӥҰԶ˵һСɽ̾һͷұϲԭŪ췭ظңҲĿģзվƵ·ˡ
׿
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ӥɫһᣬжǰ;δ㲻Ϊҵ£ˡ
׿ɫͨ죬ܰʱ򣬵õģҵģΪҵˣҵİҵֵܡԭĺӣΪĸ׵ɱˣΪֵܵĳԹѪ
Ȼҵĺð𣡡ӥжЦǰһѱס˺׿ҽӥԳ췢ģؼֻҪҽӥһ֮أаģ
˿ȻЦ
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ʲô㾹ȻðͲˣ
ͣչ۷ٿ˼ܻ飬չϢȴ侲չ۷ɴΪŭ
ԹźջˮѾӣһʧݣڷԭϼ֪֪Լ˶󣿡
չ۷ŭɶ̧־Ҫչȴֿӥһס
ʦϢŭӥЦլʺǰЩ飬֮£ᱻá
չ࣬ӥ֣ǿӲǸнľͷӣкηԣ

չ۷ֱƷ̴ľ˵ǸҪͷӣǸᰶ˼ʮĶǣҪ໪۾ηǣ⣬㵱һнҾͳԭڶٽˣ
˵֮չ۷̧ȣҪ߹ȥ
ӥæǰغչ۷
ӥʦؿڣȰοʦĪͲȻнթ֮Ҵңӥʧ㼸ҲƱʵ𡣶ԭռ޵ı
ϸһ׷׵ͷͬ
̾һӥԼǡǺǣӥһı֮ͽʵļıҲֻ޸ƼΪ̡ҵֻԭ֣ΪʳһͳӥСǷмӥɫڷӥ˽ܣģлẳԭ
ڳĶɢʯ绨ˣһ
չ۷ؿӥһۣԭ֣ɷƮҡǳħ죬һжȻһ꣬һ֮ڣħ죬򣬻ͻӥС»ᡭ
һʱĬ
ԸҶСܹԴֳĪƻͬ˰չ۷һ̾ȴ˽ǵٴһΡ


341 ս
긮⣬̲֮ƵԹ졣
΢΢֮УҴͣ긮Ķɿڣ緫ʱ׼𺽡
Ϊ״󴬣һĲΦľ޴󺣴
¡¡УͷΦȲڰԣһ̤壬ʮ߰һĺӣӴӭ湧ӭѵڰߵЦǵˡ
Ӵʮȫһľ֣ǵӵġͷҦʢҲΡ
ͬһĸ֣뱱ڤ޵йһġ¡ԼɡС
˶һģ
ĸڲͬǾ˺ֶ֮ϵͬţֻŻᱻΡһģҲһΪʱȽʶ˺ξء
ɡУģǾ֮ϹչļͽܡֲлǸأԭԴڴˡ
Щ˵Уһر𣬳üݷ磬ۿݣ߶üӣģ¡
ȴһ̬վڶǰЦǼˣҲɵϴЦǰӭӣЦ벻·Ҳӭӣĳϲ
һԿһ㶣һЦΪλԴ⡣
ǺˣΪ˿أ۵¶͵͵ѹߣһԵףѯʡ
ףæ˼ߣ˵ﲻáŹɽҲȻϻ𣿡
һ㶣ѵǴϵħŹڵţɲǼǰͱȫ𣿡
ףˣû·ǵꡮšĴӣǾһԱ·δ˪ֶӡǹ꼸εķǸҪύǽɱԸνֶʣűߡλүħмԹħɽȤɽ벻ǰĴֻһ·йҲ˳ӵǡ
ݹǡ·
벻Ѿ˽˵еаҲɽĺ󱳲ɵЩ䣬æ𼸷ְ⣬ףһͬǰ֮ݼ
ݹǡ·ðת˶һۣͣǵһ˿}˵Ц⡣
ʱ䤱ŷ˿˸ͨ͸âڱĸоҲڡҺ͡ħħϸܹ
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벻Ҳ˾Ӫ浱롰Ϲչмֽ飬رӪΪˣʵһ顣
·ðݷյûǲӺһɤϷٶ겻ɽ벻ЩҲǲҲˡԭָ徻ȹͷȻħǸϹʼįϷҲֻóɽߵˡ
Цǵԣæ׷ͬ
֪˵漸ѿڶԲѡ
Ҷá塱дûҰȻ˵ڡ
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Цɫһ䣬һ޺һȭӭ޴׸֣ӭ͵Ϯߡ
Ϯ֮Ȼ׹⣬̽ҽ֮ϣ׹㣬һȭһٴκ޻εضԺһǡ
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345 ǧ
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֪Ұⲻɾһ·Уת긮
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346 
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Ȼ̾ϢһٴοҶ˶˵ʦǼˣڻ֡ԪˡԪͽʮԼʦǯƲͣλʦ뷨ʵҷѽ⡣ʦǡ
ȻȦһ죬˵ȥֻǼᶨ꣺Ҷ֣һлǧСġ


347 ŷ
ʲô׳ʲôӡ
ҶĵһƬհס
һǿԿ϶ģǾλɢˡĿĵأ
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368 ѵ
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һУǺԪ˳ԳġɽԳ֡׹ģԳ֮ṦƷںһǵԲ˼ǱӴ֮ʣƫƫзΪʤ˷ʤΪ
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ХɽڿҤãȻȫѨƣȴాݣĻѪÿնԼĥòΣΪľһ˿һʵ
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ԾΪʢХɽԸе左ֲ֣˼һתʹЩ˷ȡʤ
ʱƹĹ̨ϣУϲɫ
˼࣬ȻХɽռȣۼʵ֮ϡ
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Ҷ̾Ϣֲǰ֣ڽڮȴǷǼ˴Ķ顣
ϷɴͷɫȻ
չ۷ɰȻȻŮжҲݲΪŮģǷҵ黹ĲˣҲס壬ֻҪպв̫֣ҲΪ˸ζ˶ϣ
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и볤̾ȻղּչȻ٣ȴǳĳԤϣһĳϧ֮׵ʶ´飬ͶĻᣬ벻ҲգȻˣĳ㲻飬ԣָʤɡ
·磬˵顣
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ҵĹԹԣԴ޺Ӱָű䳡ھһа˾ˣ̫ˮ˰ɣ


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379 
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ƨƾҲѵң
˪תһȦЮ֮۵ˣֱڶ

ʧͽͰˡһ̾бʣ粻¶ȵ̫ȴкɲǴøɸɾ
״㶵վԭأʧǡ
תȥҶضãպݷҶ


380 ڹ
ϲĽֽˡҶͥŲʵ
üͷ壬ʵ㡭ΪΣ
أҶʵ
μòʥص󣬾ɲ⡭ٵ֮ʱпһս
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һңǧɽѾ͵ڤҺҽμʱһ֮ڣ޷˶ˣպȬָܷ书Ҳδ֪֮
Ҷ˵ͷæڤǱѾ˽ôȫڤһ֮ˡ
˲ô򽻵Ҷ㻹ۡһ֮ͻȻ
÷ѩ첻ѣѯʵ֣ǰӢ۾ۻĵطιͣǰ
ĬȻ
Ҷ΢΢һ̾ǲ֪ĸŮ˴֮ĳƺôΣ֮⣬ﻹнȻ
˵ǸһγϵԵ
ȻҪˡͨһе÷ѩͻȻЩɵ㲻֪ôȻӦüһɡΪ˽ӣıĽҪ飬ҴӴ˲ѡ
ͷ÷ѩ촽һ䶯˰Σ˵Ҳ֪ôָô˵

ҶɵЦ
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ȵȡ÷ѩһסҶȥ·
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÷ѩ˷ۣЦðҶղЩ˵һһ׵ģǴѧģĸŮù
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ǰɡ˵Щɶ񰡣÷ѩţȥһšסҶĶ䣬ߣҽ
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Ҷű÷ѩӲԼСԺҪһϷݡ
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Ҷ磬÷మ˶ʼɡҲףҸҪģҿԵȣҲԶᣡ˵һҧгݣչһЦһ֣˻ΪһƬͷĺɫʧ֮䡣

ĸɴ䡣
ҸڣҲܡ
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δɽ֮ǰڼ½游֮⣬Ķ֡ǿģҲʤۺ־ðˡ
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ղʵʱһϮ
ͷҰڳһ˫ɫ廨Ь


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ĸɵĻŮԼͶͱİɡ
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ĿտտŶ治˫ʮ껪Ůʵǡǡ

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ӣվѡҪԣĻɫɭɭضŶڡ
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˫ִһ˦ʮָﭹ˲䷢ʣͬʱһ֣ϸ߰Ľ
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ڹãȴᣬ̫Ǿĺ˼״̬
ѩΪһ壬䳡ķΧڣǴѩ׷ɡ
رԵάְȫĸַ׷׳֣ǵصӡס˱йӰ쵽䳡أҲ˼ܹսȺ
ԶԶȥŮڵı䳡Ѿͬѩ͵һ㣬ֻܿɵһƬﻹ˿ӰĴڡ
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ΣЩƱؼֲ˶ãִŶҵĴƬ֮󣬸һϵĸ֣ǰֵıһʩչϵŽЩ᧿Σķӡָȶס
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ĻĿޱ䵭ؿѪʵĶӣøɭȻĿɨҶȵףΪŰϷΪ˲𢣬ʹ֣סҶһ֣ΪΣ
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˧̾Ƿһ˿ЦϺȵ죬֪ˣ䣿
䣿ͻȻЦһȫĵ߾ȫ͵һ˦֣ڣ
һûͷûԵһǰȴûܶ˧̾κ˺

ֱ뱻յ̨֮ϣʯֻ¼̵һأƷŷǸӣϵ飬ײͣ
˧̾һ̵죬ҿϺͿˣŮõĶҲΪ㣬㡭

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˧̾дңֵиɻĺȻʱò
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ҶĿܼԶԶȥ컯Ϊ֮壬촽䶯Ȼɱ棬ֻǶ̶Ƭ̣Ҷ΢΢һ̾ˡⳡˣ
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ʱĳ֮ڣ˧̾Ѿȫ˱Ŀ룬ƾʶķӦ֧Ųֻܡ
չ۷һʧܣЦһˣֳ˧̾һ񣬴Ц˧֣ʧˡѾ䣬¾ͲӴˣ

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ģġ׵ʱΪϵġҲʱΪϵġ˧̾˫ʣǣǾȻȻŹǾȻ˶ŹŹ
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˧̾վԭأһ
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397 Ҷӳ
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Ҷʼ磬·ǰ㲻Щηηβʩչֽ𣿡
·Цһ֮أ
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ݻꡱ·˲Ĭ
ԱߵæǰŵҶ䳡˫ǰõģʱٱ䣬ǵ󹦷򣿡
¡ֲ߶ԶҶΧȻһȦ·ǰ㿴޹ڣҪǶ˵޹߱㲻ÿˡطı䳡ɺã
е˵ȥģݻꡱ·ʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ飬͵ϱȻȻϱĽ棬ѡ
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˾й˲󻩣һ£ʮĹս߷׷Ծ¿ֱ̨ͷȥ


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ˮҶ·߶Сֱ뽭ġ
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ݻꡱ·ȻһЦѵҶС˾ϸ㣬ֻҪΪϴνֱѣΪϷˮǿɾҪʧˡҵɲ
ޣǸãҶǺһЦһ˲ء
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ǹģǷ׷Ծˮ棬ֱڴϣվȣſһƬ
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䳡ϣû˸˵ֿܵס˵ĶԺˮо͸ܱܿˡ
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˰ˣ
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399 һϽ
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һѪ˴ӿ׹䣬ֱ뽭ˮ֮С
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400 ʤھ
ߣ·ﾹȻˣδˮûһ·֮ϣŽģмЦݡ
Զһʯ֮󣬴һɤ㡭ֻҲɡ
¶һ˿Ц΢΢ͷδлĽֵĶСܱƷ˧̾ǰ¶ֻĽ֣رһ£Ϊβǰ˵һй¶ȥֻС𡣡
һĻӾʯ¶ӣɫض죬֪˾ʬ飬ֻ᲻ǸߺߣʤȽֲ÷ֲذɣ
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ǰ֡䣬õ־òףᵱ䣬֤ЩοͲĳҵˡ
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һЦУĻתƮȻȥ
ҶҶһϽֶֻһμѻʤ֮䣬ϣİ
첻Եע£Ļ廯Ϊһڵ㣬ʧ
쳯ŶԷӰݺ˿ĭ˾䣺αӡ

һյı䣬Ҷʤ·ܶա
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·һˮ೤̶Ⱥ۷׷չ۷ɵ֯£ǰ
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ͳƣǧɥʧ԰ߣ˵Ҳа˰֮аϣǹսĵͽߡ
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Ⱥоһչ⾰ѡһλá
ﴦһ޴絺Ľʯ֮ϡ
ΪὭʯ
ܳǧɣɣͨһ޴Ļң񣬴ݲ
統ȺսƵеġʶһ㡣
֮ǰսϹչԾ·ΪҪ֮Ӻ졣
Ⱥ֮Աǣȴ˷ԡ
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Ŀ⣬ע˶Ϊĵⲻ֪ͬһʱ̣һȷѪ꣬ȴǧ֮ľ׸
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ǰһֻӥ˵ضһʼӥפ˵صĸۡӽ
ӥļҾ죬Сӥչӳ£ʱ鷿֮ڣһϸʶһ߶ŪҡСչѣΪһ㡣
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ССͯһƯ壬չؽΪģ͵ӥ˻
ʱҹڣߡ
ɱ


401 Ὥʯ
ʮ壬ںὭ
˫Φ󴬣ǧսģǺὭʯΧˮйͨ
ǧڽ棬ڱ̿ա
ʮ߲ԼңңΧ˫Φ֮⣬²ýһҲԸڰ֮Ĵ˵ңң
ɫϱɣԶԶؿǺὭʯĺὭʯԾɫ֮⣬ب֮Уƴ壬ڡ
峿ˮǣ˳ΧĽʯסʹĲ񵴵ľ죬һ̷Ż
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ߣߺ֣Ӧˣۺ˵ѡΪ֮
ķҴ󴬣ŸԸ֣սὭʯĽǰ
Ծ޽ڷϹչСͧ˺ὭʯһܣͣὭʯı棬ûκζ
ͬһСͧʧںὭʯµŭ֮С
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ڴʱͻȻһϺȣֹϹչ䡣
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չ۷ɳ̾һȵչĳвԽ̻书Էڣ˼֮λ

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䲻ŵģƸһ
ΪɵӶóϹչԾǷļƣӥڱʤ֮ǰ˴ò
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405 ʵ
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ھƴ赲һʱƬ̵ʱǰǧװѸٽս󣬴ܳǹ⣬ڣܼҴ󴬸׷ף赲ס˺ĳ
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ʱǧںΧ£Ĵ½Ҳȹ̣ʿϰ
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ֻǱֺּᣬÿγֻܹݵǧҵĹٶ࣬Ҳ޷ˡ
ǧһεĳ棬ȻսǺõսԷͳʶûô޴ķǵ֮ǰǵĲļ¥ǰռ˼Ƹߵ㣬Լѹƣǧһ飬׺Ĺ
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㹻ǧ˵ĳɱȫΪ׺ƴһܴ죬ɴģˣһǿ
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ɷףۺǺһЦү׼ɽۻǰ龰ȫṦҵġ
ʸͷЦҲϷ򲻹ܣֻ֪ǰǧѷΪߣսܲĶλڵգҿϷһչ۷磡
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Ū죬еǻᣬȻΪսϵԹߡ
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أңȻָָ󣬵з밢ңǧӡ
˵һ˦멣Ȼֱ³¥ǹѹѹһƬߺڶɣϷɱ
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413 ش
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ĺŽ쳹£̫ƽͺ﷽ȻûϵͬˮĽϽ͢ڴʱϱһ
Կ⸮ĳ棬̫ƽĲȫѪ֮ļ̤ǲģǧƣǿɱһӭͷײĻ𳵻Ҫˡ
ԷϮķĺ󱳣û˾޶ܴǹܷЩֳһɳìĲ޷赲Щֳɰ˴õװ
ֻ̣һ棬λ󷽵һǧ˷󣬱㱻һ
ĲҽкѪӿ죬ɫ׳ɫӪ֮У̱͸뷢԰׵үֳִ󸫵ķ밢֮£Էʸͷһɱ°үĺ룬Ⱦ죬ǧ֮͸ǧ̩룬ǰǱǱײùǶϽۣ±̤ࡣ
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үһ̼뷢ţնٿȻֱ֣庫ʺͬʱһĨ˫˲ճסһִﵡ
Ťܹն֮ʣдǹү²µ꣬ʤһﵣ¿ĻĴǹͺһ

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ⶼңܣ˿ˣɼңΣҲ᲻ˡ
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ֻ˵ĹʮҪسǰƴɱ˺ȥ·

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ңһĨѪȻЦڽʿս
Ա߼ʽ׼սʧүΪλҪִţ㼺Ե˵Ĵì
ڽɣɵѪ磬ǶϷľκγɣţǺ죬ɢڸսؼѸңλüϡ
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񽣡Ľɢֵ֧ĹУ봥졣
ɱļַɢ񱩵ٶȺ궼𽥲һ߿񹥣һߺ㣬㣬㡭ΪʲôҪңҪͻȻ֣Ѿȡ½ҵͷҵԸ
һ߳ܶԷķ񹥻һܶԷ̬ķ⣬ʯ׷ɣҶλӲֵĹҳһ޴ӡ
˴ù֮⣬ҲֻƴǵһĹ


416 üǮ
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Ҷüͷһ壬Űһ̾תͷһʮɶߴʯϿȥ
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죬Ȼ𣡡
˪ʵֺ˪Ƴüзһ˦ɣʩƣɹɺɱѩʹεĹȲдȥ
ϧƾˣҲܹѹһЩƵȴζ޷͸˲ֶĻϨ
䣬䣡
һԱдķֱӱƻһĹΪһȦסֵĻƣԶΧ
µһխüý֮µüëһԲԶĺ˪𣬿϶иǱУʦѾɳӣ켩з̽Ҫʵ׼ӭӶս
˪ɫ࣬Ƴ΢΢˪ŷʬ˿ɶץҶҪ̳ʹҹڵһ⣬ͷ֮ޡ
˪˻䣬Զһе˼뷨ƺЩֻͬǲ֪֮䣬˭ó
һ̫ƽ׷ױ֮ʣԳһյֱӿȺϵӰ
һɫ׵ʿͲʮббȵ֮ͥϣĿضź˪¶ˡ
˪ɫ䣬˵Ŀȴ䡣
˪Էһͷɵһ̲סʣʲôˣ
ɽᡣ˲κе𸴡
ңһֵдһߴӰƥĽɫһһ˶ķ׳˶ãŷһ㣬绨ڴˣΪλ̴Խת
һţڳ˶ǻһ£˪˺µøд󺧣벻һеľȻ˶˵书־壬Ҷϳ۶ֵܳܣܹǲζҶĸҲǱڲ࣬ȴǷһ
˪¶һۣԷĵ׵ľ壬ͬʱҲһȷ
Ĳʧ
Щ̫ƽͷ춼¶־Ϊôµľһ˲ⳡ̾ͲôˣֱűȽ׵
߾˪һзɭȻпڳԣΪ涨ڵĶʮǰ費ɣҿǷлӳ죡ڵӣϣ
ɱ
һ䣬̫ƽͽһѷĳɱȥ


418 һ
ڶ̫ƽӷ˲䣬绨еǰüĿĬһţ̫ƽĿصǰʮɾ룬˫Ŀһţ˫ɫʨŭһ㷭ڶ𣬴ŭһƳǰһơ
䣡
˳Ʒǰ˲ǰʮɾ룬̫ƽϵ֮УҽХӥ䣬̼䣬̫ƽӱɣΪһ߾߱ǰ̬ιǻҡ
˪¶Ŀɿڴо㶼¶һɺ⡣
ЦһУоƷԵģ
µ˫Ŀɱѵ°ǵ𣿡
绨пЦҡͷӷ𣬷˵Ҳ˭ħϰ֮ˣֻᵴģ޷ֺϰħаа֮ˣ˹ػȼаԷٵӷƶɮҲ벻ٵӾ۾٣ƶɮնħдһ٣
ƨ˪߳ЦУ˲ڿ㵱ɵӲɣʲôħҵүǻĲɣ
һǰУǿۣ
һţ绨͵ػһƣӿĳɫ˲佫С
º˪һ
ڸΣЦȴеȻУƷɱаȻܳɱԺҪˡ
һߴЦһߴл
˪¶Ѿɵۣ˵
벻侹Ȼȹ칦ֻаãѰȴ˿塣
֪šħ񹦣绨Сչħ䷨ϻڰʹڵġ֮Լġ޺ȶ񹦡֮Ȼʣһ׽񹦣ӥϷΪǧ컯֮һ񹦡񹦲绨ֵҲǱͬħа֣ȫѹ״̬Ը߼Ķ֣ҲӲʵ
߳棬˵򲢲ڵ΢Ŵ㶵ĶɭȻһЦ𣿶λǽеͶǸ翹
绨һһסȥ·ǿѹִϮǶ˴죬ѹ
ǿĲ绨ᣬͬܵ绨ʵ
Цȴӿ԰µ޾⡣
ΪṩԵħŹ޷ġԪ񹦡֮µϸ⣬ƾԼԣħתħʥף绨ġħҲ徻磬Ϊţһ
ʱ뺮˪ѵʧȲҳɱӣѡܵİ취ϡ
ϵôϵң٣
ۼ˫Ѿã绨ŷڽһֱûзòԶһ죬ǧ̫ƽĻȣӭʦܣ
һƹɽʻ׹䣬ˣͷһζһֶһ¥ˣӭһչȴһɫ졣

ðƬɢȥݶ¶ң°ģһϺȣ֮ڱҰһοѣҪն̨ܾ
ɫسȣΧٴӿǧɽļߣϵŸʽű绨ΧסΧǽҲվˡ
ֵܱ߽̫ƽǧˡ
˪˸һԾ𣬼ʦˣ˭
绨һۣЦ
㵱Ҷ˲֪ڹʱ䣿
ӷҵȾңӡ绨

˪ŵɫ࣬ңɫƣŭԲѣ˭սң
Ҹң
ң䣬淿ϴһȣңһȻ֮ʣһӭ
Ҷ
ңҰ֮ڣҶδ񽣣÷ңĿ
𣬴̼ǧ໹УвΪĸ֣ڷɵĸȺХŷҶ
ͬһʱ̣ңһɫӰһҶ
ʱȻҶ΢΢һЦһ죬¡һһ׶೤ֺصĺɫ޽ҶУ񽣡޷桱
ؽ˶ĥٴγȡҶܾ֮ǰġ߾ΪҶıС
ӰĿһž޽ǰһָ˫ĿٿȻһµľ⣬ҶΪһӰֱ֮ڡ
طŷһᣬҶӰɢһ࣬ҶѾվ涨ߵ¥֮ϡ
¡
źȻͬʱֵţֱʮﳤ֣ȻһɵĽۡ
һʮһǡ


419 ̫ƽ
ŽӪŷӵصһ㣬ӥӳɶǳض
ûκ׼̼ŵǳرƣʱסΪʱ
һһƥȳУһǹڳŴһĳű㱻˳ȥǵ·
ӳͷ䣬ǹӥȳţ乭ϵӥǲҪسɱ
ȷֶͷ֤󲿶ӵİȫ룬һʵǿľ񣬸ӥǰȳţһ·ֱɱá
ˣˣ
ӥХ߽зسʿ־
ϧԸΥ˾ٷǵû߽־̫ƽͽĹ
սսΪʦս졣
˷аЩͽսˣŮٴӷɱװݵķӥ
ӥӥ¾ȻҲʲôĴӣ۵Ķͯǰ׷׵ߣ绨òŮӣϵԲ˿նɱ¡
ҶǰѪɺӵһĻüͷ΢塣
ʱӰһչҶʵΣ
ҶͷҲأһȴһֱۡ
ңӶݣʱ׷ϣ϶ɴ󽭡֮ǰС
չͷ㷢׷ɱʹ˰¡
Ҷչ˳Ŀ⿴ȥӥܵ·߽ں֮ڣ𽥱ӥɱʬҰ
ôȥҪˡչ̾Ϣ
޹ɱΪáҶ˵
չ룬̫ƽռ˳Ǿ֮꣬ɱµĶ̫ƽĿͽҲǻ
ҶȻк֮£ܾһ˱һˣպѡһأúụ֮̀ܽ󣬵볣졣һӥġ
ðɡչͷͬ˪µͶ֮⣬ҴڣؽݣȰ˳ˡ
Ѷչȥ
ʱ䲻̣涨ĺӱ㱻죬¡¡֮ڳڿٴݣɵÿһ˵Ķ֮С
ɲǣչϻء
¡ᵭ˵
᲻ɱŮˣԶԸµ绨
չһ˪Ǹˣ˷ѿ࣬
Ҷ˵ͷħֶһλԸĺֹܹǰɱ
Զ涨ǡ
ڴƬ̫֮ƽͽ㶼ڵأ֪Ӻδʼ֮𣬲ȫǣй֮˵ɱ׷Լʦ
ûֹ޵оЩѾýڽ̿ߣžǻ
ѻŵ̫ƽͽ޷ŮϵǨɽϰݻԭפءҶüĿЩͽ񲻿ƣպƽ̣ҲǨ˴аͽΪһϼӿܣԻٽҷߣֱӴƲҷС
չ
ᾪ̾ҶӣȻҪǣֺιʹ˵ϿֶΣŵ˲м㣬Ǻģ
ǵĸжҺ⡣ֻҪҶĻֻһΣΪϣϧĪҪ;³ֻ·һⲻǲ̣Ƕ²Ĺƽ
ɱ
һɸ翹̫ƽͽӥ
ʿʼѺ̫ƽͽԾӪΪңﵽʮ򣬾ӪΪվʬ̫ƽͽһķ϶ɵá
սѱϣҶپӥչ˰ţһ·׷ң

嶼
Ǭ⣬ฮ
֣չð֮һһǰСɽһļ
໹ĹٸյĲΪЩҪļɸѡ֮󣬻ᱻ͸ڵۻʸ̩
С˶ϲβ裬֣չ˳ֽӹһ
겻Խ֣չǷεģΪ߰˫üȴǹʢ֮Сࡱ緢ģ
ղβ裬֣չͷҲ̧һļ߿üɽΣٷϴˣҲǷԸݳ𣿡
ͯæ򵹣࣬ǱԷԸŵģСĲҲӡ
֣չ΢΢һ̾Ǳ¼ǱˡβҲλˡ
лࡣ
֣չԴͶϳħš׻ݣŷΪֲʧһڹ֮ϣۺة཭ˮΣѾΪࡱ뵱λȫͬ
һԱ²յ֣չипֵ࣬գϢ¹ٵ˻ֻ˻壬ɲ͹
֣չЦȻݳڰͷةδߣҵܵ
Ϊ֮ݷ
˷æ֮ʣһĽŲЦ֮֮֣չû
֣չüͷʱ塣


420 ⰲ
ĴЦһŽ֮Ļ˷˳ͻűǼ죬֣չõ˴һո֮ʣһؼڡ
Ϊһ˳෢ףӲʯ̣һۣǡ졣
վĽ壬һſֱվšµˡľ棬鰲ˣŭĿͷӺ͡šĳһڸ֣㶼һмݵļģ
µ˻ﻹŻƵ׺״壬һɫ֡ǡˡŪԺġ
һɸִฮãܣ߲ơ

һڸûⴳ룬׷浶̽Χ롣
ֻЩ书һɸַۣ㶼Ц׹ƣֻе֣չãΧԱ
ٻϴˣвٻ˵ز֣չüͷ壬ǿŭλѣպιʴҸã˻
һЦ°ͣȻȰڡҵȷ֮ڵ֣ݴɣһ˰ɡ
һܹԱȷ
֣չĿһ˭
֮
Ц֣չôһϴǵ֣ĳѳħ֮£֮˾֪ʲӻã֣ĳĻжʱ̲иǻ¾֮֣ĳ˳볯Ϊ٣вȱ٣
һ䣬һ뽭㶼ǽˣ˵˾ˣħ˵ƻıƲϼɸ飬϶㰵ûħŹ᣿
㡭֣չһʱ֮ˣٽҲ˵ֺͨ
ʱԱһֱĬĽһЦǰһص֣֣֣֣Īŭһʲôᡣ˷ѲʹⶼֻǷ£˯ֶ֪֣ħŵĴԼĹأ
ĽôһУ֣չɫÿֵ˼ǡ
߸߸ʽĽп֣֡ҵֵ֣ܶΪԾģļλ֪ǰҪ̾ħǲӦ棬ʹ˲ԶֻҪ֣һˣ֤һ£ȥȥأᵢʱ䡣ҲΪ
֣չɫݣ뼰ħҲΪ̫ƽǿŭǱٲǰȥʵͷæһʱѲ缸λ԰꣬ҴҪº׼ڣᡣ
⡭ֵĽһɫˡһתŭĿͷʹ˸ɫ
ͷӶʱһĸʱĥ䣬㲻ߣץǰȥ
һ䣬ŭĿͷӷǰһȭ֣չûȥ

ȭХһ㡣
֣չõʱŭԼΪһƷԱȻʿ˻ͥ裬ݡ
߳Ϻȣ֣չñ绢͵سǰһХУһӡŭĿͷӵһȭһ

һ죬֮ڿɢļ֮׷ɣЩԱͻҲ׷ױɳȥ
ͬʱŭĿͷҲŭĿԲѵطԼҲ˳ȥ
ӴԾһڸ֣ײƴȻ丮Ժ֮С
֣չúΪ֮һͣ̾Լδר䣬н࣬ȲЩĽͽ˵ףվǹ龳ʦӦһŭĿͷӻ´ࡣ
ɾһŭĿͷӣʿȸԾ֮ʣϴһһ˴ϮյͷƤʹ
ʣܰѻϵ˵ز֮ˣڳֻѡ
֣չôһ벻һʦ˵ĸ˲󣬳û͵Ϯ̣֮æˣͬʱһ͵طͼ㿪һ
첻ѣһֱѴ˻֣չõ˼ղŵһȻƥҲֻɹ߳ɹһƣڶԷ͵ط˲ѾͷŶԷ󱳣͵һƻ£

һ죬γɵһ˲䴩͸֣չõظճһƬڻĿ֣չһһ棬ѪҺȼգ˲͸ʱɳɾ룬ݺݹһԾ޴ļС
¡
ȼ鼮ļ̵֣չڣҽж㱻ȫɡ
𣬸Աͬʱб߻ɱȥһһС
֣չùħţѱ˵ɱзߣͬ棬ɱ⣡찺ȻȣѪ⡣
Ľǵһ˿׾ЦЦһŴȼѽѽֺÿ죬ȴֻ´´ˡ


421 
ԭϵฮѾɣ֮ʱƮȻȥ
ǰһƬ棬Լһ߾߻Ϊ̿ʬ壬Хɽ˫Ŀͨ죬Ͻжļŵÿ졣
һٻҴҶϥص嶼ķŽգڱΧ̷ֽ̳֮ڣɸ̲죬ˣȴϷ崦á
Хɽҧгݵ쵰ϴɾӵţκ˲뿪ߣ͵ظɱ

кλ˵Хɽʡ
Աߡɾ°ǰִûõµּ⣬˺ͻ˸ڹฮּϢȻһʱ䴫
Хɽ˵ͷԶ¥дսԱ̷ֽᣬǿƴֻҪּһǿ
ӡպ°˫¶˷ܹâæ׷ʵָʹ˵ʹة࣬Ҫ;棬ѵ᲻򣿡
Хɽбۺ˶һۣյģСӵٵˣǽĹˣͷ˵ֻ׼ռˣʲôʱֵͷ϶ˣ裬ǽĴͳͷ˵ġͷڻָݣ˼ɶ࣬û䣬⴫ͳ̳Сãɱ͢Աͬı棡㵱ºة𣿺ߺߣ߰ɣӽ𣬾Ҫϳˣ

ةˣ˾볯͢Ե˼һʲôᣡƻָпɵġİϣһع˵һĽˮ
ȻͲʮͷˮĪƻİûס
۾ʵô׺볯͢ԣɲ֮٣ҲǾԸ
֮УΨСİˣҲ볯ͨ͢ȫһĨڣİƴδҲҪһ⡣
·֮İֱฮʱ˵˶ٺûĽˮɱᣬռ䡣
ʱİＸҪ쵰ô˵İ
ɲ볶췴볯͢Կ޷ݣڲס
ʼ뷨ֻ֣չ߸ûôһ³֣ͨ͢չΪͷˣ볯͢ʽȷͳϵ쵱ʮԪϻĵλɳּ͢Ϊɡ
û뵽龹Ȼἱתֱ£ɱ֣չãɸ鷳ΣãҲõħų֣д糯͢ɣھ͵ķѣս
ۿŶ永֮Ľˮޱ飬ֻǵؿԼﲻͣطһֽણણડ
İ糤ݣ֡
ѲʹĽ
ʱһߺʱİһ
Ľ塣
쵰
Դȥ֣չ֮һ±㲻ټ벻Ȼฮ治֪ǲ
ֻнˮһˣʵϣһâڱĴ̼Уʼͷİֻ֪ҪԼ֤뼫Σ֮С
룡ˮڴƳĬȡ
ڽˮ˵ڵȵˡ
İ֮ʱȻûпˮ¶һ˿Ц
ѽѽ
˻δĽǸȻѾ˽ʱֻǱ·ӻɽһ㣬ëϸǱճ
İ΢΢һ㶣ʵѲι˰
Ľ弸˰֮ǰŶһѽѽĹҲڴ˴ã˼²ãԭ붫йᣬγ˻ɱ˳д󳼣Ѿѳ⣬ĸͶȥˣ
д£İһһϲѳϳǴ˼תɱ֣չõһԵƸһˡ
Ŷ£ˮȻһЦѹЦո뱱ãΪʾĸвα۱Ǩó嶼⣬գۼӳȥأ
ƣȫǹơĽ̾Ϣڤ粻飬Ȼҵȶһƭʵұ׷뱻һƣӵüʱֻҲħơȣȿȡ
ԭˡȻ֪ĽſڴƻƣȻԷѵĽԼҪģˮĽһۣȻȻڴҲɱΣ֮Ҳ׷󣬵졭˵һƳİ
Ϣİæ𸴡
ϢߣӦǽֲŶԣˮ䡣
ãİһ֣˵ȴ治֮£˸ãӵĺǣѡ
áҾ;ˡˮٿȻվ𣬴ȵңеһ׽ãз͵ɱ

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422 
İȥﳯ͢ԸĻȴˮ
ĽһףЦ֪ة൥±ˣν£
ˮ²յȻׯΪж죬Ϳ𣿡
̿֡Ļһ̵ܽģﻹһĴҷ緶
ˮоһСˣδڣɱⲻƣΪıòȡᡣ
ˮ΢΢һЦǸˡһ̨Щ֮ˣΨһ̵Ķ󣬾ֻˡĸ֮λȻʲãֻҲᱻְɣ
ңҡֻҪΪ͢ЧŻѪӡĻһת⣬ʾ˺̬ȣǸ
ڵĳ͢˵Ļݺһ֣Ϊ͢˴󹦣͢ڲһٲ
ֻҪĻ壬ڲȻҲ˳͢һöӣ֮ǰʮԪϻͷǸԳ͢ƿʱڽһȥֵĵλԵڳܳ͢͢ͼල
Ļȷƣ׼˳͢ԼöӣԼҲڶȨ
ˮǴ̫ˣΪƿһУȴþηΪĵ
ڶģðฮǶԼյԴҪҪ
ȻĶˡ
ˮȻûɱԸ
ˮ¶ı飬Ŀʹ˵úáֵ֮͢ʣ֣չ֮λӡ࡯֮λοء
Ļһ㶡ة˼ǡ
ˮ˸ǷڳϣʾŮһ²裬½ճ̸óܲ͢ԽԿƣ֮λպҲҪ裬Թܿؽ֮λɼΡ࡯һְͳ½֮¡ׯ·Զ⡭
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Ļɫ㱣ĵױʢҰĶȻľȻתϽˮн뿪Ժɲǣһ䣺ׯĪ£Ҫ׵Ŷ
Ļһһʱ亹һ
ĻԶȥˮٿȻֱ壬вյϣɫأһ֣ΧŮһԺȥ

һϻһ黨̳ʯˣ½ˮߵߣҲûͣеʯ䡣
ˮվ࣬һһ񣬳ʦķԸѾɹϵĻ壬ͽĻһ
˲ǱˣϺ֮Ƶļᰡ
һϮҲװñͷҲ̧صһʯԵԺС£ңš
ˮһ񣬼Ҫ˵ߣǿ
᰼ûлͷŷҲı飬еʯ䣬ǺһЦǲʣĻιİǣΪλҪ𣿡
ʦӢˮûзϡ
ܸңΪʲôɱʡ
ˮüΪ˽Ϊ˹壬Ϊѡһ˵ƺɱɡ
Ƴһۣѣй壬нܺá͢أأأ
ˮɻ󡣡ѵɱк
ҡͷ¸
ˮĬ
̾˿Žˮļλãķ򣬲ܽӽǶȺҪΪ£Ϊ͢ΪտǡµĴ£һͳһȫһǽӵڶ˵˵Ŀ⣬Ӧճ̣ĻеλãѾ㣬ܿĻ˵ʵȶµĺ¡Ȼˣ˵ʵҪȵħ֮ʵУĻǸӡ
Ӳأˮʵ
һʢĻ䣬ȻϷ壬ֻһöӣ
ˮһݣٴһȥִĳȰοˮϷ֮ѡΪҵĴˣǿ㶮ȡᡣһ죬Ҫڳ͢뽭֮һȷѡϷ㶮ȡᡣ
仰һˮ˲ɵ
ȡ᣿
ѣգ͢
ѵԼһҪȡᣬ
ˮ֫飬֪Լ뿪Ժص鷿ġ
Թҷ䷸
ѵԼҪΪ²Ϊ
ˮһʱ飬Լҡڲ
ͻȻ䣬ˮһһӰ

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423 նݳ
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Хɽæ֣˵Цˣ˵书֣Ѱһ֮ԵֵУЩ䱻Ľ
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ңһڵһͷҲأԪ򷴵ķȥ;˺أ׺ƷһһС
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µĴһϲû㱨֮˷ػеľͲ¹ԱĿ⣬Ÿһ޴ɳ̵Ľˮ࣬ݸݡ
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Գ飬ݸš
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ˮŮһöö̽Сľһһɳ֮ϣճݺͲݵСԭزͽ棬ϼӶټС龡ӱһҶǲϳ顣Уǵ˲Ҫ֣˵Լʰ졣

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עԴǡҶһȻͬˣҿԶ֧֣òҪ˵˵
ǽЦһͶĽģ
ūҽ̻壬Ҷ˵ʲôʲôɡ
Ҷĵһ̾ܵŮѷǵԵϼҴС㣬Ļѱ٣ǾͶ֮ŮȻ֮ôҵĺͽܣ㣬ҪôҸ׽͸ϸ԰ա
ʵ飬ܷһ֮ƫƫŮѲæֵͷԵðɣһҰһءȥ߼ҪͼңҲҪ®ԡ
㲻֪ҵˣ˫ۣʵ
Ҷ롣
ƫҪ㡣㿩һЦĿɲϱ߷һЩ£ǸӹšҪϱߵĹϵɽУй
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Ҷ뼰Ҳֻ񣬲Żֵ÷̵ĸͽ

ҪйҶȰ㲻ҪԷ٣̵˿ɲǰ׳գƾ㼸ͶؾأС˷۱
۾һèֱЦʵҶҰ
ҶһҹĵôҵԼѦǰ󱲵İΣ
УҿûôѦĹ
Ҷ۾һУѦĹûȥ鷳㲻ˡ
ѦĹǡ֡ѦӣҶܴ֮衣
游Ͷ˱Żʸ̩ŵ̫ԭãյľʵǰ
ѦΪϳôһѪѦĹֻ˴ĵĺޡɱˡ
㵱Ȼ֪ҶԲ飬ֻǹϷŪˡ
걻ҶױɵСͯýס˲ӣĵױһдҪһſϰݡ
ˡȻҶӦ£ұˡӯӯ˦˦䣬®ݳֵϢʱֻѾ齭ˡҪôӣҪôСĹǽҧһޣ
ҶÿɷؾƾȻȥ
ʱ˵ĻȻҶ֮УͶ⣬ûиͶ״ֻϱݵλϴĸ֣ԼɱõͶ״ˡ
ֻʱɥ֮Ȯֵĵ
ҶĿ⣬ϵͷʱõͳ谵
ƻʱ֣Ѫ
Զڰ֮⣬ɽһ¼صӰ̧ͬͷһѪɫ̫
۾ͬѪգɺһƬͫ׶
ǽϿʱڣ˵ɲŹʬһı˿˿ŨȳѪʱ͸ѪȴǺɫģŨ͡
һӰ䣬ϥأ˵ıӰηһ󵶱󣬾òġҵԣֻһǰ®ݳˡ
ϣ
һѵĽűߣָŵѻɳƵҶһΣҪǷҵģӱˣ


435 ʧ

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Ƹšܵ¥ȫɣΪϳܵص㣬ϳǨ嶼ĵλѾ½
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ЩôҪ˶ǵĶûüߡ
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һС̫ͷ󺹣Ҵҵ˹
ʧǣЩʱȻһٳշͬСɣܹѵ⣬׷ʵôʧͳƳ𣿶Щﱻ٣
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С̫ഭϢ£ͳңҰ˽ոһıµĶЩƷĶ
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˵Ǹ˵˵ͣûü˻Դ
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һôظĸ棬ҪѰˮҲӵó
С̫Դλְأ͵
ƨĸظִָڵʱȾƣԴŭһ˫üһ
Ʒ嵥ҿ
Ͼǵ̼ܹܰģҪž׼жϡ
С̫æӵ˹ȥֵϸӡ
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ɨ飬ȷС̫˵ûʲôֵ͵ƷΪﻹЩϰ£
˵мֵĶҲҶүùġϻԼƷı룬ҲҪԣԲŻһߣϻı٣Ҳߣʵڿʲôס
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ԼõʲôĴ͵ּɡ
С̫½ӹ¼ҲµĿһ飬ʧƷֵߣǼֵòס
䡢Ȫϼ

Եˮ죬ֻҶ֪Ϻ۰ݣз֮ˮв
֮ĵϣӽڵأͷأҲҶĺҺ۳飬䡣
ľܣվſڡ
®ɵˣ㶼ҹˣҶ̲һ䡣
ӽؿһͷҶү˼ҵķԸ֪ͨһ飬˷ټ֤ϱ
ҶһӴ󵱼ˡһ䣬͢ԺϷİֵ֧ģֻҪ¼ڲᣬֻҪ˰ܵ㲻Ҫó͢ͷձеİɺ⣬Ҫ֪Щǳ͢ԲġҪҽҵͷգԼһ֪Ҿġ
˵һ䣬ҶЩӰǵġʶܶĦڭǾʱӽŵͷֱϵҶүˡʵçײһЩеĻСɻȥͳʹҽϵͷж񣡡
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ӽͷҡ
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ԹͶޱ׬Ǯġ
Ҷŵü켸ҹҳݣӽ˵ȷЩ붯ͷֻոһΣڶͱҶѣʱŵӽ˼ҲҲе
˵һѱ֤ĻҶȴûȥ
ָżδ²ҶҶ룬˵Ӵ󵱼ңмҪá
ҶүԸ
üͶ͢İɣ¶֯ǰĳǷںӽ𣬱Ҫ֯ҹѲߡ̵ͼı졣
ӽһа룺ѵ͢Ҫ̿ս
һЩûй˳ģֵֻ˾Ҫʧɾ
ףס£ȥ죡
ӽ£ʵͶ͢ݣҶձǡ
ӽҴҶȥҶ˶ֽдŽİɣдڵݡʯūȵȣϸļ¼
顭
ˮݹĶӡ
ϧˣҶ΢΢һ̾ˮˡ


436 ΰԸ
աȻڸ֮ϣԶµ®ݳǣȥ®ݳֻǸ̰Сɽֵɷָķᣬһһӡ
ϱŵսϱ˫ĵ֣®ݳǸλãһżΪҪӡ
֣ʸȥȴָʸ֮һκһӰֵʤ
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ĸţ쵽˴󽭣Ϸ˰ԽΪ֮Ƴ
ͳѾԶԶԭȻ󲿷ֵԭͬնԭȽ飬̶һǧ
ҪģǶԽͳΡ
ѳơۡĻȢ˱ԭԽңӻȢһλӵ˶ԽͳȨԭҵĹ˳ð̵õ˴Խʿ
Ű̱ȷɹ̣ͽϲΪṩԴԴϵʿ
Ĵ⣬ʵھĳ͢һµʵ
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ҪͻȻҶ˼ɣץסӳΧǴʱ˿̣˾Բǰ档
ҶҶ
ٴηүĺ¶ǻϣ
뵽˿λµļһ®ݳңڵػţѪڣŷһ̫һ㡣
į
¼ƣΨҶâڱں졣
һɫӰִܳԽǰ̵ĽͯŮˣѸٵִ󣬵ϥŵأϴʦ밲
˾Ȼħšڡ
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𣬵ɹӣߴ׳˶ǰԵ࣬Աڵ죬Դʦ죬㻹һλѣҲ֮⣬Ը֮ơ
ޣüͷһհĹЦһЦ˵ѡò໪ǸŮ˰ɣ
ʦʥһæʩ
ÿɷתͷȥ䵭Ȼ໪ͶҵȻɡΪĳ⣬ǰ®ݳΪĿɣֻҪɱҶ顭ź̸
סܳΪħž֮һȻǴˡ
˵ǡȴ˵ǡͶЧžԵĲͬ
Ϊڱ߳Ƶ໪۾ǰһɼŻָɣֻôǵʵȷûʲôʸͷĴ̸
Ҳû׾ܾ˶˫ĺ
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ʱȰ֣ļͷЦеص콫ɵ⣬Ϊ˽һ·ˣɻΪǣҴһ㲻ҪԼǺ֮ΪЧҰ
˲亹ð˫һڵصԴͶЧ⣬һΪ⾡ҡңΪˡܣΪ˽ˣɱ·ͶΪ·Ľ飬СԱ֮ߡϴʦأĶ֮ʦ
¸һЦͷúúãһƬ൨ġ˵תͷٴο®ݳǣһεжΪҪ࣬Ϊ˰ɡ
˫ϥ򵹣ϥ¡
ȵԶ¶ϵ亹ٲ㣬¡
ע®ݳǡ
®ݳѳսԺ;üֵͬʱӰϱˮ½ťĴ⣬ȴκ˶ֻһӮҡ
ͳһ£͵Žᱻ𣬱ħš̫ƽݻ̣ҲȫʱʢΪΨһڽ̡
ΰǰͽҶѪΪĿˡ


437 ɱ
Ҷ®ݵ⼸죬һʱѵõӡ
ΪнΪæǰæѿֻ農ȴȴĳ˳ֶѡ
ʱҶ®һνֵԵի¥
ΪҵĽ֮أȻһի˲顣
Ȼˣիʵǿ׬ǮǷ˿ڡ
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ܷϼСˡĶλ
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ڼֺ֮٣ҶȫɣΪ®ݵ㡣
̶̼ʱ䣬ѾȫȥɸǲԱ׷Ըݾۼիң˴ǰ궼ɴﵽĳɼ鱨Ҳѩӿ
Ҫ鱨˽ҶҶԼֵУ飬ȺȲ裬ա
ǰõ׼ȷϢȻƹ˳͢Χ׷½أ˻ˮ뵽˽ķҲ®ݳǡ
ǰϢҲǹһϢ֮·ڽȫʧһ㣬ҲѰ˿ټ
жϣпѾ͢˶׷Ͼڳ͢ͽӴ˵û⹴ᣬͨ籨ţпѾܿҶ̵˽ӴѾӵ˴֮ϡ
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ҶȻ֪ԼֵܵĵǣҲ֪ʵµѡ
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ʱһ飬пֱͶ⣬̵ΧԽ󽭣ԭء
Ľɲ˵Цġ
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ˡ
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һҶ®ݣΪϽֱ֧ԮҶ˵˰ٻְаѶ
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ʲôսʲôأνҶеģҵһͻƵ㣬Ȱѻ˵

ի¥ĴһһӰӰֱӶҶĶϣץ˸ʹ졣
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ٷϻأҶһ֡
Դ޺ٺһ֣ݹȥһͲ
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Ϊʱ®ݻûнӥվǴݵõҶ鱨һ·˹
ҶͲ˿ֱֽ˹ֽ˸ɾԴ޵磬㵽ϢĪ©һҪٰҶһЩˡ
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ҶٺһЦǷ鱨Ǵ˵ذ̹顭Ҫǿ


438 Ŀ
ȷҪ֣ɱ¶ҶԴüëʵƲδ֣ô񲻻ݾߣ
ҶȻһЦҵٱ¶ѾݾߣôʾſΪҿԴ󣬲֪ˣ߳
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ȻϣҶ̾һڳε֮ЩǳֶΣȥ죿
Ͳ´򹷲ɣҧ
ҲҪ᡾򹷹ļһæҶЦĴ
Դ֣˵õģָҸƴҼһнޣ޺󣬻Ҫȳͷء
ҶЦŴ⾰ɫģƴǣǲˡ
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ãҶ˸˿Ҿʹ͢йа֮ˣ®ݳǡ

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ʱӵдȨɳЩľݡ
Щզզں֮ڣпЦѡ
ոͨҶ޸õĹϵעҪ֮һ
˵ǸˣʵˣһϲŪīӹŵˣ̿ģҲ־̵Ĳܡ
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Ⲣһ߿֡
ʶҶֶ֮
һĽĺҳһ᷿һסļֵغϼ򣬿ֵ̣ܵһҲҶСĲĽ500ȫﵽ5000ϣʮ
üͷһ壬ϵǹӾζ˲䣬ЦʮΪҶ书Щں֮ڿԵֵ˵𣿡
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˶һۣϵʶ˭ӶԷﻰƺҶΪʦ壬뵱ȻñҶͬʦֶһߡ
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ᣬƷɡƷɹ˹֣·Сʦֽ̡֮λԼλ͸ɣ
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ʵϣеĵͶĳկ֪˴ս٣׷ױŹص꣬꼰㡣
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ŭһҪԾ֣һѰԵǹ⼤ŭġ
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ޢҪܾһ¥жһ֮𣬵ʿĪҪΪ˼ޢӢΪλ࣬Ԥףλ쿪ʤΣ

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Ǻãӡʦ֡ˣǸСԱߵɵӣҲ뿪
ܹ΢ЦжĺĸԹۿһǿ˵ʵҪѪȵ龰ǵԣŵӡ˵Ҳ֪ɱʱˡ
λʦԴޣͽˣܹǹΪ񣬹Ը
͡ް軺߳ӰȻͽǰɡ
ӰңϢսȥ
֮жģһжصաĻɮš
аϵ֡


456 һ
䣡
ҶһϮľͻ棬޷潣ҵֵսϺ׵磬δдϢ֮һһ̶ʮ׸ߵ̴ѣ
Ҷһ޷潣һ
ռ䶼ŷһ룬ûκ˺ѿ㽫Ǵľ޴̴Ѹʿķֿ࣬¶
Ҷϣ޷潣ųһԣλշġ𡱺͡ȫõİ衣
ֱ޷潣ֱü֮ǰ˫ƺʮһС
ˡ
޴ĲΪĿɢȥͬһʮ쫷磬Բһ֮ڵһУǿ˦˳ȥ
ؽ޷棬ȴʵʵڵظܵؽĽ⽣꣬ǷŷԽɽİɱüӶۣԼȫԸԺ񻯹ξãֻ¾ɽⶼܰԴˡ
һȻðգȴЧסһҶ
һŭһӻȡһ֧೤̡ͨ״ƣϻ涸Ȼ࣬һ׶ߵĻˣһȭ޷Ҷ
ս߳ȫ۶ɵϺϵһȭУǱ廹ҪһȦĻȭʱϺ׵磬صħҶȫһ
Ҷֶὣֳƣǰ˸Բ͵һƣơΪ޴ĺ֣֮أһȭӲӲضԺһ
ط·һ˲ᣬȭڿнƬ̣һըѿ桢׵硭ϡŹֵͬʱΪƬɢ֮С
ʱ®ݳĩ٣ϡŹֵ֣֮ԭͲƲĳУǱһƬ档
ⳡʼٸߣһγУֱ伣֪ȥԶ

һЦУͷشһվԶ洦ľ޴ӣԼ֪ٵҶһĴȵҶСȫһ㻹
սɨһֱۣԼղŵĹס
յգƯڰ֮УҰ֮ԣ׽Ҷκһۼ
Σȴ˿ټûз֡
üͷ壬
һеġЦʦģд˱ӳ֣ҵĻϵɣټսϵܵʹʦǣƣһֻҶСӳܲѾҵȺʬ޴ˡ
ǡĿһתζסǿ޴ơ
ЦݶʱΣ֣صǴ˱Ҳ׸մʦı

һ֣һʱ
ʶһɫһ䣬æֺ֣ðͷ
ȻЩ᲻á޴˱ƾԼͷѻð̵ݡ
ݻͳһ졢סࡱа̵Ҫһ
һ֣ϧ쳣ظţϹЦݱø˫΢УŶȻһ
𡱵ͷΧ˲һࡣ
ѽ
սٿȻһæס棬һʱ޷ɴӴѹĹâʵսеԼԴγķθһܡ

һΣЦ
˱үϣʤһ죬˵ǲ飿
ܣӲҵæƨմʦǣֻڴʦϣﾡã
޼ɵĿЦЦݽӲĴֹսĵɨһۣһСˡ
һưˣôЦ𣿡
һͻȻЦһĿ¶âؿ˹ȥ
һѲԫϱ֮УҶϵĻҳűص޷潣е˳
۾ʱɵ󡣡Ҷ㻹û
ҶһȻģҶ
ͷҶߵ˶ʮ⣬ʱΪǱϵĵѾ˲λøǱһգͽȻ¶һѩ׵ĴȺͰƨɵ
ᳶǰһƬսӲĲϣҶֽڿУյģܻͦ·ҪôȥҪ㱼Ǹˣ
´Ҷһۣߵ·ճ˵ѾĻүû뵽Ƥ⾹Ȼʵⶼˡү֣ҿƤʵ
ţսԡҶĦ°ͣԣ


457 Ԯ
һǹ˰켶ĸ֣˶ǼԵİ鵱ʵһС®ݳҲ⣬һƴһʱҲκá
ǿУǹչ̵зǿ֣вƹϰ飬ģվȽŸһ࣬Ϣȡ˵ͬʱԸϢӭӺҵĹ
һֱǱӽ֮£δͻʵȻƽʱƾǣӮĳϣǿУܱ侲أʱӾء
и̾ǧӢӽǻ¾ȻƽӹˣʵӲһ룬˶̾Ϣ
®˳˳͢ڰӽѹƣǱȫ˳
θıˣһͬʱɱǰ
Ҷǹ˶УԵװвˣйȻϵ׷ǰ
ǹ󳷣ۼзХɱŲһ٣ɰ˴ǹ͵һǹ۵һԾɱİ֣ʱͱ˸͸߸߲Ĵǹ֮ϡ
ᯣģ̾
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ЩԭԼĲ£Ƴ;ηӽжʱһɶ⣬ֹâ;ĿֻἯԼϣ˳˳͢ǵԼûܳͷأԼԭǰޣӽм䲻Ǹζ
һԼǰ̲ؾأԭҲǸҰļİǣʱʲôΪ͢ȡ
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ӽֵ֮ɫʾؾ˾ٴ󵶡
ǡڴʱصĸֿǵȫһ
ɮѩ׵ɮۣŶɫģͷɫñֳַָгšˡ̤Űڵͷת˲뵽ɱҵĶ֮С
߾ٴ󵶣ǧӽʱЩɮϮҪĿꡣ
սħ֣š
գۼ䣬ɮͬʱӽ׺һɮüףֳһ޴ľ㣬һֱӳӽͷ䡣

ӽ̣ˣǰҶӰԼܼķǰ޿ɱ֮£ֻ̧мܡ

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ӽҲѵغһƣƿɮҵĻɮʱ֣лɮӵȫȫصԱûֺ
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ӽֻһܽļͷ飬ȫһ첲
ˣӽҲҽһʧȥƽ⣬һࡣ
ɮɭȻЦľ㡢ħơ䵶ͬʱк
Ȱ

ԭ®ᾫĽǷһǰΣʱ̵Ӵ󵱼ҡ
ɱ
Ⱥ켶İɮ࣬һս󣬱Ⱥһ㣬ܽչɱЩȴǷȻԷɱ
ӽǿʹִ󵶿Ŀǰ䵶һ˵ǰŵסľıǶϽ۵ֱӽĶǰ𣬶ǰѽħƣȴǿرܿأֱʺ
Ҫˣ
ӽɴ˫ۣۼǽħƾҪӡԼʺ֮ϣѱܿ
ʱһӵ˹ĵħƵķ֮ϣһ죬ɭЦݵİɮһл֮⣬ӽӱ֮н˳

״転ȫΣֵסɮĹɱһ˱ʹ˼һЩ̵һʱĪΡ
ɼƴȫӵʵȻֵסֵȫ֮䣬а
Ҫ֮ǰϸѵ󷨺ͽֻ֮´ʱӵķѾѾչɱ
Լֵ˲أӽ̲סԮԮﰡ
Ԯˣ
һХ
ƴһ֣ݶϷԾðѰ˰ɮνס


458 սͷ
Դ޴ʱδйն֮У͡¦͡ް裬ؾ͡УкڵĴͻȻϡҵɲʱԴΧס˻δ֣ƾƱסԴ·ȻѹƾṦٸߣ޷շתŲ
ҵԳôʱһ䣬Դ޺ֵһһһ
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ްҲñֱʹԴ޶ࡣ
Ұ׳ıУڴϸͭԴǰʮһɢ
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ԴۿŶԷƣ볱ˮ˺ĵˣݳһ˿Ц⣬ȵԼߣʹ˺Ϊֹ֮ʱ̣ӰġٿȻǧӰΪһʵ壬͵صڱͭ棬һĨ֣ԭԴؿڵͭ͵浯䲻ݷ֮ʣްľ֮ϡ
ǹб֮
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ԴԴҶѧİġתơؼʱ̾ԼһȻһˣȴõ˸أ˵Լصıơ
һֱл׽Դ޵ͼıһеĿյ
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ԴŭԾһ½ֵսķ֮Уһһɮõù飬׵ȥѺͬײѪɣҳһţǰӰһݿݡƳġ͡¦ǰ
Сܣ¦ӵ۾ֱӳԴ޵ʺ
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ʱԴٴάȣһ·ɱɮǴ˸Ϊȼ˼ס
ԴҲ֪ļ룬ûԮ㸲ҲֻǼʱ⡣
ʱ򣬸ոձܿһһݼԴޣӭ涸ȻһӰŵг

ԷһӡȴԴ޵뱳͵Ϯġ͡ްԺһС

˷Դһ
ʲô
Դ޴һ򣬳־ԼģȻߵ档
ʱԶƵĴҲɴԮˣ
һɫݣԴ޺ٵһЦ˳ԮӦþҶ֮ǰˡ
֪ʲôյķӣȻҶһ˸ȭֻɫӦþͲʲô˿ĵֶΡ
Ӣڴˣɮףؼʱ̣һȣʱ˫սݵľ档
棬벻㾹˳͢ӥȮҵŭ֮ǰȻй顣
ɫˮŭԣҲùȵ˼ūֵаצū
浲һеġ͡ްһ߰ڶҡŤٷϻһɱˣ
飬顭
ԶѾ뻤ɮűͻЩڵȺĺֺݣʱЩаɮѽѷ֡

һ෿һҳǱشӷ˳ӡպֳִƣЦŴ׷ɱ
ԭʼĻҺɱ֮С


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Ʒ糵תֽӡպеĺ󲱾ĽУǴзĲӺ棬ȴֻһӡȻƤûơ
񹦡Ȼףȡ޺նɶ񹦡

ӡպлһơ
Ʒֺڽӡպһײ˳ȥײһǽڣ춼ûܴ
ӡչһЦתոЦСʦֶһû㣬ʦ·ɡ
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бǿѪǱ
쾳Ĺס龳ֵȫһ֤ʵΪˡ
ӡպе׷ɱûл֮
ƷٴϮԮԼĺѣһһϮסľԮ
ڹϣ˺ڵȺ۵֧ԮҲڵǸǰ
۵˺һƣĿӡպеĴƣתһţӡպõɶȥһǰˣǱĹƷһߵԴԼӲһơ
һУֺֿݣӡպͻȻϮĶۺУ֮󣬲ɵһ㶡
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һһ´ˣͬŵغȵ㣬Ȼ㣿ɵҲȣˣѵԼĶϱ֮ôˣ
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һߣҶаŸֵսѾȫȻ
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Ҷһߵֵһߺˡ
ڷһĲ¥ߵľ¥֮ϣͷһƤҶӲգµľ¥֮С
˫鰴һɻɽ緢˫Ƽ档
¥кȻһо̻֮С

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460 תս
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治һߣѹе࣡
ռ䶸Ȼһ˫ٴʧԭأԶ롣
ࣣ࣡
®ݳǵУ˫ϳĹ㲻ͣ֡
˾ͽչãɽʱѾаһߵˡ
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ҡҪƿڴԱսѾ죬תܡ
ػ֮սȻǻޣҲøϧ
ûб֮ǰԸһ裬ֻΪԴա
֮£Ҷ׼Ȼûйɶ԰̵ȴ߽˶Էǿơ
˾ͽ򣬰һȡκκôΪҶҪĿ꣬ߣʵ


461 Ѫս
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Ϊ˵ĺڵ˾ͽǿų֣Ҷޣ룬ǽ˳Ͼˣ˲ڴ˵أҪȥû뵽ʶԴѷĲͬѰӲѶ˳ս֮С
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ۼǰսӽѲ⣬һԲˣŸ첲һҪһСߡ
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ۡ
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ԴҲǡڴʱϵХٹǶˡ
Ϻӣݵò񣡡
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ѽ
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462 ǿӲ
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Ǻٹᯡ׶Ǹ߳һʱ̣һҧƴЩˣҲҪٺˡ
ԴͬٶȲһ㵽˶˸ǰӰأ˲ס
ᯡ׶æǰ֧ԮҪȫ¡
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һŭǡ͡ްһʱҲֹãƱ㱻˳ȥɱȥ
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ɱ
ٲϻɽȶ˴һҲ֮սš
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463 Ѫɺ

޴֮ƶͬʱ׵Ļˣûʹɱ֣Դ޼ٶֱӴǰŽԶġ͡¦һ𣬾Ӱ֮УƹƹҵĽУǱܣ¦ԴұһǣһѪɳȥ
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ɱ
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ۡ
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ۡ
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á
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Ϊֵܳ
һأˡ͡¦ƴĻȴǰֱ档
ȻԸװԼӵǹȴӰһ죬ӡպƾš񹦡Ӳס˶˵Ĺһ棡
ƺһ£ҵöˡ


464 
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ͳö׶ԽֶβϴѨס书
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465 ֮
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466 
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κһƣ´һ߱ơ


467 Ŵս
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ʱڸսɼң´ŵĴϰ֣ĴҲǼҵġ
ڸֵ֮ܽӦžôطսϳ
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ѩҧҪԼ֣ҲҪ޽
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麣һӻӳһţȵͩ㣬޵ʵѹĻ󽫾ͩٺϷͳ֮͢š쵰ص޶Գƴ󽫾ȴûϵǰĻ󽫾飬λСӡͩٺаֻ֧֣ʣ¾һ翹εԭ˵̣˵İɣ
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ʱȴֲ˵ȼϻǰڼֻͽÿȡʱˡ
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ʸ̩ɫ࣬벻ԼᣬҶУ޿ɱܵһֻȫʩչͼԡ෵֮ٴ
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麣һԷĿһԷЦһ͵һ˦ʱ֮ºͬʱԷһ㣬Ϸ罣һŷֱֱ麣һ档
Էһ·ۣâԽԽ󣬵ȵ麣һǰʱâհԽ麣һС
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麣һǺˣԷԶӣչʱһţ󺣲ɲ⣬һ㶣׷󺣵Ĳ׳֮С


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˵ʱΪԼĺһŹ麣һԷԿ޷תɲǣ˫ǹžŵĹ֣깳ͬʱϮ麣һĺ󱳡
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麣һôһʧмĿٿȻһգԷĽ˵ıú޻εײһ

ͬȫԸ˫ı֣˴ʧɫ֮⣬ҪЭسⲻҪĳ
ǿиıƱ࣬ɲҪơ
ԷΣƴҲسУԷȴ˫Ŀ֮һ֪ԼӲֵĻϢܵײƱԻ麣һ϶ڴʱ֣׷ɱԼһҧһݣû֣Ӵ͵ײȥ
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Էɫ࣬Զžŵ״ڣ͸еһЦ麣һȻһžͰѽϲŵĶž߷˳ȥ
ڣ
Ʈ֡žű麣һһףʬɳȥɾ룬Ȼء
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麣һ浹ᱦƳӭƮڣ俴һ۶žŵʬ壬תԷŵصԷͩ㣬㻹Ѫ飬Դ֮ͬѣ㵹ǺݶĿԡ
ν޶ɷ򡯣ԷЦΪǮƶͶߣҵģʲôʱãʲôʱãº⳥ǡ˵ųոĽɱ³֮󣬸ޱͷ˶걦ؿɲ˵Цġ
ʱĽѱǰһĻĿɿڴ
žű˽ãʱȻ˱˶ε״̬
Է仰Ȼüͷ壬ŵҲ͵Ĵʧ״̬ѹ˫һ
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һҧҲ깳ϡ
ﶼǰֻһ͵ؽ˫ǹͶ˳ȥִӱǹΧǰ͵Ϯ
䣬ࣣݡ
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Զй١شԲ־аԲеΧͬǿ֧ţսɳҡ
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473 ǹ
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Էȵˣ麣һ棬ɱ
麣һһн˼֣ȵԷñ޳ܣ㻹ʮ֮һΪ飡
ԷЦһʤΪ߿ܣ·ˣҲз˵ĺôǴȣ죬Ҷӱ𣡡

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474 ֱ
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޴Կɼ״̬ɢֳ˲ֵң˲䱻嵱
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ΪҪĿĽĿͣѪ˫ֹλеĻʸ̩ʣ¶һ˿ЦݣȻأ
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˵ĺŽԭнƵĴڸɽХĻ
԰̲ӵ׷ɱչɱ۵ĴŵӲЩа̷Ƿģ㶼һȥͷء
麣һһ۳룬Ҷֿǰ󣬵סԷȥ·֣ƶбĺڵͷˣ
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ԷЦһ˹ֹסǻѪֻʱֶΣֻҪһ֣ȻѪֹ
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ҶȻǰЦҲãһ̣ɱȰλȱҲԵĿˡ
ҶǰԷֽ麣һӣش̲סȰһ䣺ҶСģա
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ܼĽУ񽣵ĽûڵзϮ֮ϣҶĽɽʮɷΧڵһи֧飬бжܲġǹ
ùֻδ̴ܰôֽսĵһ⡣
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Ҷɫ˵ͷһս׼𣿡


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ЩͭڵԪðǣɨǰСɽһĽ鱦ϲطһʧǧ书ѧ
ȻʧѾõ书ؼж٣һǧһԪ˷ܵ׷ʵ
Щؼϲ֪ٴǧŷḽӹЧҾΪۣȡʧ񹦡
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476 
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Ϲչаŭ֮ʱĽǰһݵֵҪͷ²罻ĳȥɡ
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489 续
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490 
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Ϊ֮ʮͷ͸ֱͦȳƣͦĿǣòӢ˵ĲǶĿɽŮڻɫڴŨڶŵСӣƺԶݹһ˿Ц⡣
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Ҷ¶Ȼ״ЦԭˡȴǻĳˡԸԷһ
ϹæԵ¹ңûǰ˵ͽûᣬҲԷһ
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491 ս
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Ϲ༥ıȵٹ֣һֱΪ໪ǰģͷôû̵˲١ٹȣϷءŶˣ®ݸСܣ˶顭˻֪أ
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⡣һ˦䣬׼Աη֮ǰĿ°ںã
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492 Լ
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ȳ׿Яٹһԣ´Ůקˣֱ˶˻УŮŵûʧɫȴǸŭԣֱ۾㡣
Ҳ޴룬ɵƳʥ̾һۡ
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áСүԱ㡣ʥ̾ð𣬱ȴòάֻǡ
ʵۻ٣ǳĶӾΨлӴ󣬶ʥ֮̾˶½ΪһӣֻǴĴλ֮ѾȻ˫ֻϵĽ鶼ά֣Ż٢ս޵Ļᣬȫı
ֹǳڵĻ٢޶ˣʥ̾Ϲٹ֮䣬۹ⶼڿвͣĽ档
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493 
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ʱڳվݸߵξȻҶҪ߳һ࣬˫͸Ĺâ˫һĨԭɫ£֮ڶһĳ߳ޡ
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494 ָ
һ͸޶룬ϸһ޾֮ڣһ飬ͺһֱӴӶ¶ټ
ϸ޲ƵĿɿڴ˭²ҶȻܹˣ֮޳˸
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뵽˴Хһ̤沽֮ƮƲļٶ֮ٿȻҶּ࣬һ¿ƽƽ棬Χ޲еƾ֮ף޿ɿ֮ƣǱɫģ˵һ̺˲ɴľ綾˭ǰֻ˱һ;
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Թ۵ʥ̾һվ۾һУ̲סϹƶʮ涾֮һıϹƶ޾ȻⶾƷ֮У
޿Ца𣬴ȵݴ˺ںϡϹƶ֮ġ϶ơκ˴ƣһʱ֮ڣȫǣͷΪۣΪһ̯ŧˮ
ʥ̾ͨһϯһ֮̾ɫ
ʱ˿̣ϹңҶȻд󣬽Ȼɥ֮֡
һȻлݴ˳ϣǵ̫ҽԺѧʿ֮λ
޺ȻһЦתϹͻȻϴ죬һǱ
ʥ̾ǰ㣬۵ɵþ޴ֱ㶵ؿűĻ٢
δ
ͺȣתűͷһ䡣
գȴǧҶ֡͵¶ڱͷǧٸӰǳȭǳָɸʽӡ仯ָ֮һͬһӴ͵һġ
䣡
䣬ס٢εĺر鿪ɽ
ƺһˣһΩֻ٢׷ģ
Ҷٴ¶ȫֻ΢΢һΣظ̩ɽƣ벽뿪ԭء
޷˺ɾ룬վأոձһǵƱ˫ĿţҶȵ٢Ϲʲôŵ
𣿡ҶһЦ϶ơǡ㼼ֹڴˣĽ죬ļա
һΣֳٴһƬȻ
ոջΪ޾Ⱥ¶Ի٢ĸмýкòѡ
ԷסԼߣҲӦԷĲͣԭʮ꣬ĴġϹƶáɽ÷֡ĽַһĴɢ
ֻѾ޷ãӳ죬պҲⶾƺˡ
á
һֱΪ٢ĵʥ̾ʱڴһơ
ϹȲҶӮֲ䣬ĵ׿νζӳ¡
Ҷͷ䣬Եޣոغϣȳ֣ڣֵϷ˰ɣ
һ䣬ҶһһƻӰӭкһΪǧӰǵһ㳯䡣
Ϲս֮ʱѻȸϵⳡֶԾҳ̶˭ҲһռϷ硣
޼ҶȭǿһһʱȻ޷ȴĺ«һĨһչǴƬɣ
һ۱㿴Ҫٴʩչ̶֮Ҷ׷ɱ
һʩչ̶֮ҶȴӦ֮ߣֻһЦߣ
ǧֺգҶӵʱתʱһƾγɣεض𣬽޲µĶٿȻ˸ɾ
ֻÿͻȻ鲻һǿͷڸεĶ̱գʩչ̶֮޷ʩչضͷϼ̶ǧӰ
޶ʱŵûɢһӶݣֻòĵһ˸¿ͼӳҶƿء
ۼʱ죬Ҷﻹ϶֮һнӳ֮ʱĴ͵زһ޵ĶΪ֮һ
ҲɲǵʱҶ£һźݺݳ޵С

޺ɳȥѪӿڶ۴ӿ˻δأ


495 Ĺ

ֳʱһƬ֮
㡭Ȼվֱ˫Ŀͨ켸ɱˡ
ٹͬһɫ㲻ŵؿŵڵصޡ
벻һСĵĶȻһ򴺵Ļϡ

һЦУʥ̾𣬳Ż΢΢֣һϷʵصлСү̧Ҵ̫ҽԺѧʿ٢л
ߣ
𿴶ʥ̾ݺݵ˻٢һۣɱȻȥ
ٹҲƳ˻٢һۣæȥ
Ҷҹգӿοƶ򸾵ߣһ̾ٶԡ
ʥ̾ЯϹԣ΢ЦϲҴ⡮̫ҽԺѧʿ֮λպϣ¼ʵ˾Ѳףһ
Ҷݴ˵ĺ⻪ĳֻǱһӦ꣬ɺԸˡʧ㡣
԰չȥ
⡭ʥ̾žƱ¶һ죬ɵÿԱߵϹ
ϹȻһЦݴˣҼֳ⸱ߵģģ̫ҽԺѧʿ֮λƴǵġ
˵ͬ˹֣ת׷Ҷȥ
˼һ䣬ΧȺһ̾۷׷׵ȥ
ȥʾ⣬ЩʦǻһģܣԶ֣޵ʬһϸСƵʥ̾ԣʹû֡ϹƶĽҩ󹬵λСӡֻֻܿλҽˡ
ʥ̾һ̾ϧҽˡһҪȻСӡһŵơСﻹҪʲôТ壬ҸȻɫˡ
ʮ涾𼬲ѮʴѪȸħԪ¶ӣˮ߲ܣϹƶ
ʥ̾̾һʮ涾⻹ǧδеĻҰ

⣬ػӵκϡ
ȺɽֵĻĽҰ⡣
һһӣڵҹ·
޿״ĺڰǣǵĽû·ߵļ죬СкҲü
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Скҧϡ
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Ȼҧ֣û˵һΡһ㡯ҺۡźۡĻ
Զػϵڳ˵ǰ͸ϵıǹ֮֮
ˡ˵Ϣ
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ˡ˵Ļɡ
һܿɽͷȼɽոһ꣬ÿóģѾͷ˵ûʲôǲûȼġ
к̺ӣڵϣ
ܸܵõ
˫Ŀʧ֮ֻ¶ȣûɫ
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ǵġǾͲõĶᱻˣ𣿡
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ݵĳĬ֮ʣһᣬСкŹǷٴʵ
Ϊʲô㲻Ϊͽȴ书
ҽĲ书ǻȥı¡
ҰΪʦɣҾˡ
СиʺΪͽġҲʺϡ
ðɡСкεص
Ѿ֪ٴͬ⣬һģһһεľܾ
лáСк̾
ů𣿡

ǵģкն˫ۣɫһ㱣˯
ҹţô
ʲô
𡣡
õġ
ԺůĻУһ
ʰɡ
ô죿
Ҳȥ
ǾͿһˣ
ǵġǾͻԶһ𡣡
áһΪҵģĲ˽Ӻܺóԡ
һᣬСк磬ҲĲ˽ӡ
㡣
ǵģ㡣
ˮʣԹ
㡣
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һľ֮УСк˵ҹš
ÿһ𶼱ɣһʪðֻ̣ů
ҹɫӺڰ
ԶػϵĻҹδߡ
ҽ٢
֪ǷĳƺţΪҶػһ˫۾
СкһƬڰСкΨһĹ


496 빬β
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ҶһͱϹŶֻͷ˷ܵس䣬ȻҶ磬һ磬㴫Ϣ˵ݹҪˣСҲ˻ԣݴ빬ȥΡ㿴
֪ʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
Ϲ¶ɫȻСҲͨҩȴʼûκͷ
ħûг֣
ħ˼ҲЩ¡ϹȻһЦ˼׷ѰǴȨ飬һǽݴˡ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵʥ̾ħʲôˣ
Ҳǲ֪Ϲ¶Ϊѵı飬ԭΪħ˼ҾͽܣˣƵк׿󣬵ڿʥ̾ҲΪ뵱׿󡣡
òϼһ˽ӰɣҶȡЦһɫһòǰɡ
˵ϹתȲϣҲϡ
ϻͷ
ǴʱҪҶúһ϶
Ҷոմ룬һֳַȫذ׵İ̺иּ̫ҽԺѧʿ٢
ּ
Ҷһ֣⳯͢Ȼ󣬾ڵ̫Ҳ˺Уֻǲ֪ЩеµĶûе
ҶϹ˹ٽΣֱеʹԺֻһ·ʮһڣŲһڣİ·ԣ䱸ɭϣǸԵʸĴʹҲׯϣֻϾǴĻɣԭĵ̾ͲԽ侭Եû嶼ʹ
ڣϹеҶȻ֣ȻּǻʵۣƼֱۣȥ󹬵·
ҶŶһתͷϹļƣòݴұ˴ɱ˰ɣ
Ϲ̾˿ѳɣŰ裬˵еôǲò
ǿ𣿡Ҷʡ
󰡡Ϲѹߣǰ󣬵ʵǻţԽ壬˫δսȡʤԳ֣󣬲ûȢŮƽԽȻҲ˻š
ԭˡ
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˼䣬˳Ĺٽһͣ˺󹬵һš
˱㿪ʼ½βУǰе£˹˾ʮ䣬ֹؿûĴţһ԰еС¥ǰͣ
кǰյĴţߺ̫ҽԺѧʿ٢
ҶǰȥֻȴһһϢػԣʥ̾һЦڳӭӵúѧʿ٣ǵȵļٰ
Ҷǰһ񣬻ȥ㱻ʥ̾һץס첲ЦڡҶԻһʣٳϵڲҲաڡ
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䣬ڲͻȻһ˿ʥ̾һæ˽ȥ
ҶʶչޣһȴֵĮ𣺡λ٢ҽˣ
ֻһȴŵҶ΢΢һ㶡
ϤȻò׿
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͸
ǸġĿǧѰΪƾŶ˲죬ҶƭһΣʱѾˮݣò죬Ҫƭһ˫۾ֻϼѡ
Ҷæһ磬ֽ˼֣ᱻ׿ơ
˲ݺݵϹһۣϻǲǹⲻ֪Լ׿ڴˡ
ɴһչɴ׿˳ĿҶɨĮ쳣ͬʱλǻҽ˰ɣ汾ɡ
ϹȥʸûС
ҶӦһȴǷֹ
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497 ֲ
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úúãϢｻܵɡʥ̾ӭ׿ȥתҶϹ֣ʾ˸ϡ
ղŵλǡҶѹѯԵϹ
Ȼϳ׿󣬵Ϊ٢ǲʶΪá
λݹĽ㣬ˡϹ˼۾
ҶһЦޣ
ʱǰߵʥ̾һЦոδ뻪ҽҪ֡ҽ׶ಡٳˡһҪǹزòչˣ»ڸۡ١ͻιء
ҶæٴΡޡһ̾ǽϴ֮㣬ʷǷ˾
ʥ̾һЦ뻪٢Ʋ
ʥ̾·£ƹĻ֮ڵִ˴ʵۻٵ۳ݹ֮ǰ
ݹֻһɴ
ʥ̾ҶԺԼŵ˽ȥȻ̽ݹ顣
Ҷûһര⿴ȥ԰ڲɹŻïǽͷŨڵء԰̣иɫ涷ޣ
Ժдиأһˮ࣬ͤʯɽͷſһȪעڣ齦εΪۣڼ֮עһл㾦֮Ч
ͼ䣬Ļƿʥ̾ʾһ˽룬ϹȺ
Ҷһʥ̾벼õĴ֮ǰ
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Ҷֻ΢ɨһۣҹڱɫҪߵ°ݣʥ̾ѾǰнصҽضˡҼҽѾ˵״̬գǻԣƫƫ˵ЩӦϽΪÿι缲һ͡
ʱԱһλݹ澵Ůӿڵ֪ҽ߶뽲šʡУ֮ʱѾ񣬹˼ɶ࣬ҽߵϡԻҽȥЩ͢ڡ
á
Ҷһʥ̾óĿϣָݹ֬ʱǼ̵ҶҲɵһԳ
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ҽĲôһ£ʥ̾Ҷصɫɵøǽ
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ݹСףٵֶֻһ㣬ȥħڴʹڵļƻνش
Ҷ΢΢һ̾ȻҾ͸ðΪǲһء
ʥ̾Ϲԡ
Ҷ̾һԵﲻжˡ
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ʥ̾һ֣صͷħ֮ȻձҽеޣħŶôҽʴ˻Ǻ⣿
Ҷ˵ͷֵû˵衯
ʥ̾ԣĬ
ϹԽͷȻ˵˵ǡħۡƵ򽭺ֵļƷҩ֮󣬿Խʵһأ˿˵ҩͻ˾þòƵľ磬Ϊĸ֡һȷѪꡣ
ǴҶһϹ򣬳˵ⵤҩĹЧ֪ĸ𣿡
˵ٶ¾ôʥ̾ЩҽĿǰʲôϵҽ㲻ϰ书

ҶЦ


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ʥ̾Ϲüͷ壬ԱߵŮͬǰǰ˵ͷۣиʹҲ˯žҽ˵һ㶼û
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ʥ̾ⲽֵˣˡǡ衯ǵƵ֮֮ޣʷ˵û޵ĹͣҲšƵ󣬾ڹϷŲûٵõ衯͵͵ʳ֮С
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ߡ
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а취Ϊҽβʥ̾׷ʵ
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ʥ̾쳣ֱӳסҶ˫֣ϲۺֻҪϣƴȫҲҪҵ
Ҷ룬΢΢һ֮̾ֶǡʮ涾֮һһǡʴһǡԪ¶
ϹһЩĿɿڴ
ơ衱ĹؼȻ߸ʴԵġʮ涾
־綾Դõʥ̾ҧгݵʵ
Ҷ˵ˡġѧа

أأء
Ĵϣ̷εĽ룬ӽжӶ
ҰڱϵֵԣڵأϵߵͷԸ
һ֧ΪӴж飬ͷʮɮŵİɮ֣ÿ˶ֳȣͷɮñʮɮľ㣬һ·ô򣬿շš
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֧Ӵж飬з϶ģǴĻʵۻ١
λͷ˶ӣֱת°ʮ㣬ǴʮΧ˫ֹϥ޴ĶƤվϥϡ
ĨױݣüëȫھԭüëһϣСԲ㣬Ϊüѩ׵ϻͿŰ׷ֱۣռһ
ʳãƽȣ޼
Ļվǰһ·ǰУһ·ߺȡ
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ȫڵǣкշķţͬʱ̯˫֣ĳϡϻվɫˣһ֬ƿ֦ͣˮΣ֮Ϊʥˮųҽ˼ٲǰ԰̵㹻ϡ
һа磬ڽ⡣
Իڣݺ䡣ͿħŻҪɶ񡭡
壿𣿡Скʵ
俴Ž⣬˵סˣպҲҪƻǴӶ񣬵ֻҪаˣɣһɱ֮


499 
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Ҷüͷ΢壬λĻʵۿȥǰˣҲǿ
ȻλʵҲǸԸΪܵĴ
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ûи̺һҲûжȨ
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΢ҡҶвŻֵܡ
ЦҳƺҶΪ֡ҶȴܳƺΪϵܡ
ݰΣʵ
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˵˵ţʥ̾ԾһץסҶƣϲҽʥո˵ģٸظһ顣
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ԴûһëüëûеնȻڷһת˲䣬ΪģѸٻ㼯һٶʮ޺аϣʮ޺еһԱ
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䣡
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һγѪڣҲԲڶµĹδȫǰ޺ڵϣ˹ͷȴû
ޡüǲȻһ
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ޡ̣֮ʱ˫צӣץһ༸ֱסֽź;ݺݽս

һȣ׼ʱճϴΪһ׹⣬ֱţ
໣
ס֫ӵġޡ˫Ŀ̧࣬ͷһŭ𣬾޴˲ճϵ˻ŻδӦѪ͵һҧһ£ɮҧڿС

꣡
飬Ѫ֡
ճϾײкġޡҧ̣Ĵ첼Ѫ⣬ɮʬǽ졣
ڰϵһڰ޺ŵû
סλڰؿλõնŭһͬŸʩչɱ¾ֶΡ
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һƺߣһžžסֵϣ޺δأ㱻צһֱ˾޿֮С
һֱȫʧȥá
ն뺰˿ӣ˾צֱ֮ӿס

˫Ŀͨ죬צݺ߬ƾնþȫɱ߬ù飬һ࡭
¶Ца޺¾ɾǰٿȻһͥĽ⣬缤
һæצֵ
ꡪ
צź֮У̶ƿ󱳣֮С
ҶͯŮ񶷣ռϷηһеӰʱŵ򼸲󱳿һɼǵĽˣͷҲصȥ
ޡŵбŰ罣ҶһڴѪ㡪Ȼ㡪ɣ
ҶһЦһᣬħն֣˲佫ͷ­ն䡣
ССͷ֮ʱɴ۾ʵİѾ㵹ڹ㳡֮ϡ
һ֣䡣
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֪һ˺ѷεĺУİ޺ͬһ㣬Ѿӿܡ
ǵУڰ̵Ĵ˵֮УҶ޽ֻΪ¾ÿһ̵Ľ֮Уɱ֣κλڡ
ɱ˵ˡޡҲӮȡκκøС
ֻп־塣


520 
ʱһŽǳΧչڹ˰ɮڵķֱ˷ɱ˽
԰޺ǿ֣ɱʬҰڻĽ֮£ƾܼĶκӴס˰޺ǵͻΧ
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ܼĽ£˲ס㳡
Ҷġ񽣡ܣ˫򣬷ȥ
ܹǸոյסһϽһʹ㱻һ˴ǹ̴˴ȣ̲סĽкҶ壬δ䣬㱻ҶĽ塣
žž
꣬õһƬѪֱð
ֻǺ֮䣬ǧ̺ʹ긲Ƕҽ˲㳡ʬһأѪɺӣڽžž졣
ΧĴѾɱֻۣǰķȻһգ˹㳡ֳֳǹ󵶣ŵϻδİɮһ
ǿֵ£վ˫ȭѵ֣һڽøѪ«һʬǹ𣬴ӣ֫ͷ­ѿȥ
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ڶĽ֮꣬һɱҪǿǧгǧ壬޺ҽС
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ӵŻ𣬱ɱһ·Ӵܡ
չĹѾΪƽأŹ㳡ϵʬһɶ񣬼˹㳡͹ÿ䡣
Ҷ΢΢һ̾βӴܵķ򣬽ȥ

Ҷۻ׷Ѱα˵׷·ߣһ·ǰС
չΧвٴѲߣԶнֲϴԾ׽ѵİɮڣв֡
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ʱչŨĹӣƻá
·֮һȺ̵ͨڣֻǴչɨءͨԱŮ٣ˣһȺžۼһ
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Ҷɹ֣ѾһҶƺͣȴһЩ¾ڵĽٱͬǵͷ죬һͷһƬҶ׷׵е
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ԽҶֱֱʮɵĸߴŷ˴չڵɽ֮⣬һƬҺͻ֮С
ӻѾõӵϢڳô˻峯ڽȨɵУӽȹԼȨ
Ӷݵķһ·ϣֱػӷ
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ϾڸĽλڽϺպǰ̵ϳӵһ֮£Щ̵ĿͽһҸͶӦĺ٣ʱȨаʵˡ
ʱػԶ˺Ӱϻ룬ƳУԶĽϣսѲ߮Ȼ׼ˮʦѾãֹκ뽭
Ҷ΢΢һЦ²úְ취ӳ죬ʱǰβһͻȻĽ͵ҵɨͷֱӵסнеҶ
ҶĿɿڴĿǰȴźӧһαȳȥʮɾ룬ǰн棬һɶĺ蹵
һֽ˷ָң󣬶αңҶգ۾վм䣬ǰɣ֮⣬һմıڤ޵С
ڤ޵ˮһָҶɫصҶҲ˻ˮ
ҶεһʼЦ˵·ģ𣿡
ٷϻɱα˫Ŀ࣬һЦͳȥ


521 սػ
ǧ㣬վαԩڴʱˡ
Ϊֹα棬ʥ̾⽫ѧλã彭̽Ȩӣȴûϵչ֮·߾ǳػӵķջα롣
һԺѾ޿ɱ⡣
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ѧҸһ֣ȻͬʱҵĶԺ״̬սνΪΣգʱѪ岽Ŀܡ
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ҶһߴЦһ߻ǰѹ
ǿѹ˲ϯȫαʱͷðû뵽겻书ȻԼһʱ࿹ĵز
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һ˵ţڤ޵нСˮ˳ʱ뻮һȦۿɼ״̬»ΪһˮҺ壬ˮ˳Žƻһ̫ͼ̫ͼıڤ޵нʧǰֻʣһˮιɵ̫ͼ
ڤҵġˮˮ֮Ҷ۾ɵһ̲ס޵ðƻǰ˼ϰɵľˡ
ݣݡ
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е˼һЦҶٿȻʧԭأٴ֮ʱѾبǰֻǳǰһռ䡰ˡһˮͷٿȻͣ˰Уǰֺ
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ۣۡ
ŽϸֵܴԱһ˼ҵŻڷһ˶ߵʯʨӣڱɢˮδ֮£̺ˮδ䣬ʯ۷ػǹܼɨһ㡣

ʯʨڲƻֱӱͬʱǴ˼ҵŻԺǽҲ֮˴롣
ȻûдҶһˣ䡾ˮɴ˿ɼһߡ

Ҳα벻뱻ģһ񣬴ӰӿӱһббشԱߵҶ
ҶһЦ
ݵ;һĨµƺնһķαһϣӧնȳϮαؿڣͬʱȵҵģ
֪
αηˣͬʱһеһʢһ
һתĦбһƬ𻨣ͬʱΡ
ͬʱʧԭأдһ
ˣ
ҵĲͬһöСͺ˵۴αȵĽֵȻֻƬ̣㻯Ϊһط棬ʣԫϱڻϡԭò
˼޹
ҶϰգʮơΪһȭȻŷ˵αȥ
αϢδȣֽǰҶӲȳȥϰɾ룬ֱػӵˮ֮ϡ
ҶһðԮıڤ޵еסˮͬ棬յα벻ͬһͷˮ֮Уˮӽ


522 ϳ
ҶŪɳ׾ˣˮǰڤ޵зһЦ
ҶͥŲһ㲽ˮ棬̤ƼδںκβƣԲЦӾҲˮѡڳ˻
һȫɺˮɵıڤ޵лˮ棬ҶЦˮˮ֮д˴ҵĽɡ
ҶԴЦߺߣڤǶһԣҶӦ磬һػӣα롢ڤ޵УλͷԵĳ棬һɣ
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𣿡һߣһȻڻϿգкӧһն¥ߵľ޴رһΪƫƣ뻭ҷֿ׹档
䡪
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Ҷ˫Ʒֿң͵һǽȽľ˵ʱһ٣ͣڰգÿ֮϶Գһֻ޴ӡҶסͷ
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αǱҶڽϵָȫΣӲɳȥʮԶЩ׹뽭У
ںһģα뻹δվΣٿȻһն䡣
δΪ֣֮αϢȣǿֵ
ֱһɳȥʮɾ룬̲סһƥ򡱣
ͬʱηȣŷ䣬ҶαӲƴһǣ书ٸߣҲ购ϢҶᣬǳû֣׺ƥһ䡣
׺书κ޾ΡͭΪҪηġȡˣµǰġ츫ϾҲҪ֣ʶηһ
ֻϧԸȴҶԽƷ£ͬ˫֮ʮηԺɽһŲæǰһһС
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ӴѹͬʱһԳһֱʮɵľ޴󰼿ӡ
η¶ŵɫ벻Ҷ־סԼȫһѾܴﵽģһ˲䣬ηȻԼԵĲһ֣ŷԼħʥħ졣
ֻħ֮ʱŻ֮С
־˲ηȫʶأҲٶᣬֱȱӣˡ
Ҷ¶һ˿Цʱܣˣ
ֽͷֳֻβһġ

صȴƥֱ׷η󱳶
ѽ
η磬֪Զܣת˫ǰƳӲԼȵĳ

ۣ
η˫ײһǿʱϮڣһѪ
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ڤ޵Ծˮ棬˫η󱳣ֵҶһػ
˫ƴη󱳵ɲǣ͸ҲٿȻһѪ׵
꣡
ʱƿη˫ƣݺײؿڣǶϽ۵촫ηٴһѪͬʱıڤ޵УҲһѪ
ͬʱˮ֮С
δϢʱ䣬ηŭĿԲʬƮˮ棬ڤ޵򲻼Ӱ
һʯ
Ҷһηʬˮ棬λڵĿؿڹݣֻҲóˡ
ָһӣηͷηһӣͷãͷҲǸκ޾һ
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α롭
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ųַӵʥ̾ʱηͷʬ壬ŭɶ


523 ޹
˭ʲô˸ɵģʥ̾û̲סʡ
Χ˵Ⱦ㶼ҷ˭ҲûһĶŵʥ̾ȻᷢôƢ

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һڻæε䣬ڤ޵ȴˮ۳Σʥ̾ǰֵݴˣҶ͵ϮǸûз
Ҷڽʥ̾ҧгݵؼ֡
ڤ޵ǰһѹߵҶӦסα룬ηᱻɱ
ڣʥ̾ɱȻ
ڤ޵ǿؿش֪ܵصϴˣڱҶˡٺ١ܵ˺УܲһֱǸСӻ
ʥ̾۾һЦһܺáǾͰ³ӣȴҶҪ˰ɣ
˵һ˦ڹ͢
ڱæ׷棬¡ܼ˽Եסоѹֻ뵽ɱս
ڤ޵תͷηʬ۵һƬ壬Ŀ⼫ԶػӣԶǴػӵĽ㴦ãã棬޾ĿҲӾ𽥱ãȻ

续ɽաˮ˫ʺ硣
ֵˬ֮ʱĶؾĬĬطӳųװ̨¥ϻ˼ɾ
Ҷ»ױػ٢λڻߵϺ̫£ųʯ԰Сݹλڶر԰ڵ󻺲ǰУڷָ԰Ⱥĸǽ⣬Զ⳯͢ʥĵ΢Ұ˪ľ֮ϣǧ
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ЩС̫࣬ΪΨһľǴͷϺ̫࣬ӦǸ龵֣Լ˵вԼٰ绪٢ݣӦûб
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˾׿
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λ˲棬֪Ǽ٣᲻ǣϷϣҶװһ޹ı飬ǰһ͵͵һƱ̫
Ϻ̫೤İüһɫؽƱػУЦҽֻܷģƺֻΪ˽£Ǽϸֻϧĵӣܵǣ
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ʶ̽飬ԲʮڣûзֹܼİϢĸ֡
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δ䣬׿һϮװ̬ǧվſڣҶӯӯһλǰǸĸȷĳַµȣ΢΢һЦ岻ʣͻҽһˡ
ĻְڣְڡҶͷǫã׿֣죬һ·벼õȥ
һãǹ̫Ůӵ£ɫ㡢ǧһϣһҼı
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ҶұɫҪߵ°ݣݹҽض񣬰ӲʣǲǾɼֻҪκðҵ缲͡
Աߵ֣æָ̫ӣҶǰ¡
Ҷָݹ֬ʱݹһ̾˵ҽ߸ĸģβҪУΪλҽˣȴ̧ͷһۣǷܰҲɣ
Ҷһ㶣ʶ̧ͷȥֻһ˫ĿԼ鶯ģ޴飬Ҷ˲ˣ޻ǰ𣬷ŷԼǰ޹֮ڣǻǰ£ˣβ֮⣬Ϊ͵㡣
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ɾڴʱҶһȻӻþѹɫһץݹ󡭡
φһ£ԷȻֱҶл׼֮£ҶҲץ˸ա
ǣԷƿ֮ʱȻһƣҶš
ҶƵֵû룬Էѩ׵ڴ֮ʣһ޳ֱ߰˫ָһ㣬ֱҶ˫ۡ
ùƷЩŷġơǶԷľȻ֮ļС϶һֱҪ
ײҶʤ̫ȻκζԷãۼԷ˫ָţֻöû͵һǣȻУȥɾ룬С¥֮һŴʱ飬ڼҾ߰豻
׿һȻ⣡
Ҷһƣֱ׿֣һһ׿ʲôʱ򿴳ģ

һЦαὣԾС¥һһָҶҶȻ㡭ٺٺ٣ʵʵ˵Ǹûϳ٢ҽ֪̫಻֪飬ֵʱҲ̫ɺϣǱǼ٣ƱҪ㡭
ƿ֮Ҷ󴰻ɽħڤ޵Уɫˮֻס·
׿Цǵܵܽ鲻ȫȻĴңǺǣֻ׿޸ࣿһΣ滪٢ҲҪֿܵõġĴ󷨡¶ݣҪȥ
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ݹתһЦҶֵĹ򣬽һ˰
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ٷϻҶϺȵô࣬Ϊħ̫ʴȣնɱ̫ƽˣ

ϹһۣȳһȵαЦϷһɱ˭ɱ˭˭Ͳ˭˭˭Ϸ֮ˣϷ򶼼ǲ塣ϷֵֻСɱ¾ûС̫ƽ֡ҶСӣ̫ƽĴϷʬϿȥ
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裬׵ľǱڤ޵еġˮֻҶһȦ裬ҶͱΧм䡣ֻĽǰȴˮ֮У֪ʲôط
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ҶЦһһҵ㣬һΪ꣬ӭͷαһײһ

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ڤ޵ڵǵˮٿȻըѳϸۣӰˮе½ɣٿһ£һˮ֮С
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Ҷһ˱ڤ޵Уֳα׿Ǿʧ룬ϾԶʵѾ޷˺Ҷ˶һۣٴߵ뷨
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Ҷ΢΢һЦʵôİ׳Сӣתͷƹ˵ģ
ƹ̧ͷȤؿҶһֿۣ˿ͣСӣָָľͷֵǸȽȥһֱףתͷľǡ
Ҷ˵ŭĿӣתԼķ䡣
۵׺һ͵վʱһܸߡļáȴСŮӴԱ˹ﻹһϡõϺţ⣬ߵ˵ǰ˶ԷҶм䡣
ȫǷŮӻûü㿪ٿȻ˾Ѿüͷ壬û˼γ֣ţѾŮӵϡ
ŨţðŮӵĲҽ
Ŀһ˲伯й˺ôЦȻҲƿڴ޹ŮӣȴѾ
һеʼٸߣȴһı飬εûһۡ
ֻҶ
ҶЩŭˡ
۵Сɫ鷳νϷɾˣȷ̫ϵĸܡ
ѡԼˣȴ޷ΪǨŭ˵ˡ
СǷѵ
ҶѵʱȺҰĴվľȻҪΪƯ򱧲ƽҡ
ţӦþǸյġ
ûκηϻҰֱӳˡ
Ҷһ̾󺺻û˵ĸǰѾŷ˳ȥ
һ¡һһոϣֱӽ֮󣬲ſһϣһȴҶ
ע⵽ЦǣҶȻ֪ԷǹΪ֮
Ҫ͵µҶֻ֮һУصĴ󺺱ȥһƬҶ㣬˳ȥƨ΢΢һ󺺾Ȼֱԭλá
ҵĴѾ˹ȥҶͻȥĴ󺺣ȴһãȻĹһɫ䣬Եͬܳˡ¥
ɫ΢䣬ݺݵҶһۣһڽڶõļȥء
֮ؽһضٿȻ궨Ҷ
¥ĺúǵʱȤذĿ⼯ϣȻһϷҲƹĶ˱۰һֵģ
ʱһޱϤͻȻҶ𣬡ѽѽⲻƲֵ𣿽һ⾰벻Ȼ
ҶתͷȴһλϤӭ
֣ɻǵκ𣿡
Ҷɵ΢΢Ծ벻ֹⳡսģȻòġ潣ꡱκһͶˮĽϸ֣ӦҲǽָʹ֮һˡ
κ֣ôҶʵ
˵ֵҸطúɡκҶգգۣһ߽˴
κڽĸʢƺҲʶĿֻˬɫȴҲû׷ٶ


542 ˯Ҵ
潣ꡱκҶ棬յСڣλʮͷĽָʹһѹ͵ɤʺְˡû뵽˾Ȼᵽݣ¾ϲ
Ҷǫ䣬ɻʵΪ㻹ڹеô
κǺһЦ͵ְǽʿ漮ݣҲΪϤԴӴ⽨֮󣬱˲£ת磬ΪԺЩ׼һǱ¥ټ˴ʿ֪ν£ְҲյһ뺯ʶ
뺯ںδҶʵ
κæӻｫ뺯ݸҶҶϸһɵôһ뺯Щĳ滰֮⣬Ҫľ˵
Ҷû뵽뺯дľǡͨүĸ֡
ͨү
ǲǡ
ôСҲ
ôҶʵ
κ˲֪Ⱨ¥˵ͨүܲҵλײβĴ󸻺Լҵټúһʲô˵顭
Ҷ֪κ˲Ǹµġͨүǹ֪ʵιԼ֮⣬ûԼˣ
κ룬мλ׮δϣǰﲻæСɫ֪߼̽Ϸ嵥ϵЩʱԼˣ໥֮Ҳʶ
Сɫʶ
Ǿûˡ
СŪôһΪ˺أ
벻ͨͲˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˿˼
ʱκŵӣϸʵˣ֪Ϊ˺£Чĵط
Ҷ˵ͷ¼ΪҪǵ˰ϸ⣬һϢ֪ͨҡ
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ҲǡŶˣղǸ첻ʲôͷҶԭҪȥȴͻȻո鷳̲סһ䡣
κչ¶ռ鱨سϸСӽǽϺڵֽɱֶ֣κơһβ֪ʲôˣһֱ׷ɱ㿴һֱԼȰˮΪ֮ǰ¹㶪Լסһ̣ͨҲǵĴɱĴ̿͡Ŷ˵⣬ˣסҵķɣ°ȥСסһڽϵΡ
޷Ҷ΢΢һЦ㲻Ǵ鷳ҪĻִԼɣعġ
κ

κ㷹֮ҶûڴйයǾֱصԼķ䡣
յǰҶֻûţüͷ΢壬ٿȻһߡ
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ű𿪣ͬһʱ䣬һ˳ˤڵϣȻһߡ
ͨڣƬ߾λãߵĻ״ƬȴǾ綾ޱȵ߻ߡ
һУҶ̧ͷȥȴ֮ǰţŮȾͷһֵ̿ȴ
ԼģֻǰһĻŵòֻʧ롣
ڣɫ԰ףͣһԡ
ϵı챻߻߿Ǵıﱻġ
ӣҪˣִͦš
߻ӲߴλãָӲжϣ߻߲綾Ƥͣ䳤Ƭߴ磬ǼӲ㱻õնȥҲδһϡ
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Ҷ̲סʧЦһʵ㾿ʲô£׷ɱǶ˱˵Ĳ·˯˱˵ţ
ƺϲ£ؿڷſڣѾĲȥ
Ҷ̤һſڣԷȥҲöԷš
ĺһཱུ
ιʱȴŮ̲סڻһ䣺ݣҵġд
ȴȴЫģ¼ҲҶһˡ
ҶͷҲأ˵ֻϲ˯ԼĴƢã飬˭ң˭͵øۡ
ʲô£ʻĲһŮ
óԷʺе˯
Ц˼ҷĳˣҺܺ棬ҸʲôĴۣ
øۡŮɬغԸһ˯
Ҷͷۡ
ʱ򣬶ȴͻȻˡ
˫ָ͵صҶʺûȶӦһֵָҶüġ
Ҷûó񻯾Ĺһһ׼ȷص˶Էָϡ


543 ˭ɱ

˵ָһȻ
ɫ䣬ָϵľʹֱվȣֱӺ˵İ벽
Ҳǰ벽վȡ
Ҷּзִ磬öԷԼҪǿҲǿޣôһ֮
һȲöԷΪ֣̿Ҳѹ档
ŶԷ˵İ벽Ҷһ£ֱ˷䣬š顱һϣصʵʵ
վԭأҶԼ̵ͨһˣôһ룬ѱ㺨Ȼ˯
ˣ⴫СݺݵĻݺţûܹҶ޺޲ѣתȥ
һ˲䣬綼
æصѣͷĪĸоӿ𣬾ȴһҲ޷ߡ
ӵʱ䣬Ҷ΢ѴĪĸоøˡ
ˣʲô
׷ɱԼ޹أΪҪһţǵԼôͲ꼰㣬ǻ
ѾԶȻҺѾǰˡ
˶ĲȾƵ˴С֮⣬ֻж淿˵ĴԼҲ෿𽵹졣
һжҶ޹أֻͻȻ˯˸þ
ϾԱи˯ŵɱ֣ʱ̷ű׷ɱⷴҶİŷԷػİȫһ㡣
ֻ˯ٺãҲ
κ֪˼ҶѾνĹƨˣҲ˳ԺһأڰҹʱҶſӣȥˡ
յĲ֪Ⱨ¥Ĳġ
Ҷһݣƿ˴ֱӴ˳ȥ˿Ӿǽ·ˮ
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һ߸ߵعϣûƲʵĽҹҪж
ֻǸе΢΢ԣҶһͷȴһ齩ӲԼﻹһ¾ŲŻʹõĴܣɫŻʹõ㡣
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ٶͬӦ죬ṦҲߵĳ棬Ȼû¶Էֱ׷˳ȥ
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ʱҶȻ׷ɱ˼ָȤ
һɾҶ˷䡣
鷳һһҶһأȻ֮ǰܵǸСȻԼϡ
Ҷʱԭء
СﳤúƯԳƵ֮ˣӲҶ󷽵ĴأЦҹģΪʲôϴ˯
ȥˡҶЦһûн̹㣬Ҫ˵Ĵ𣿡
Сҡҡͷֻ̹ңҪܱһ򣬰µʱʱҲóһ㡣
Ҷ죬ⱲӶŮ
ҶҲģⱲҲԲٸ˵Ů˵һ
Ϊ˵Ͼ仰֮ǸСǰʼ·
ŵŮ˶⡣
÷ѩµһŮûзҶһαһСŮӱƵĶӡ
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ҶҲȫⱲӲ÷Ĵ󣬾;Բܷ
ˣٲ
ڸŽҶֱӷƬ׷Сߵķ͸˹ȥ
ǲ˯ˣӵһȥĳ졣
Ҷ񻯾Ϊ׷չﻹǷ֮顣
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ֻʱվڱ¥Ļ԰һǰԶһССĳƮżɻʮҶԼһͷ泯µʬ塣
ҶХ䣬վԣųʬ壬΢΢üɱˣ
俴ҶһۣᶨҡҡͷҰ׷ˡ
ǡҶ΢΢һ㶣æǰһѽеʬոշŵرߣԷݾҶȫ䡣
κ
ǡ潣ꡱκ


544 ƽ
˭
˭ɱκ
Ҷ־ŭԼûмǴ潣ꡱκѾǼ̤龳ĸ֣ĸ֣Էܹκ˾ȡ񻯾֡
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ɱˣϤ֮ˣȫûн֮ˡ
Ҷֻκŭɵ˫ۡ
ѡԱվŵԴʵôģ
Ҷ̾һҵĺѡĽ顣
˸飬ûܷκơ
Ҷüͷ壬̯ƣκʬ룬ظ̽鵽ؿλʱ΢΢졣
ع
Ҷæƿκ¶ؿڡ
ֻκؿദسָۣɡƷηֲסλá
ָѾϺɫҶ΢̽飬жϣֱָָӶعǣǡָ֮ŹʵʵָȴѾ͸ͷ
Ҷ̾˿̧ͷɫλѣһʲôҪҽɣ
ңô֪ɫ䣬̲ס
Ҷת䣬վûʲôɽָѵУ
䣬ҶͻȻ֣˫ֱָӵʺڶԷ󺧺֮ʣһֵָ˶ԷüģһͷȾܡ
ɾͷ˲䣬ҶͻȻˣҼڱе˲ͳ֣ŶԷͷĹָѾؿڡ
һָ㡣
ûκιһûС
ɲ֮䣬ΨһһѪɫӰ٣촽Ҳò԰ס
ʱҶ𣬡µġķָΪϳǴµˣʶŹ𣿡
ֻһ䣬˲һΣεڵء
㣬㵽˭ǿѹͷ⣬ĿתصҶ
Ҷ治ɫһΪѱ˰ˡ
һҧߵҵȷ֪֮˭书һߣҲܲ𡣡
ܲܣҵ¡Ҷʵֻ㣬Ǹˣйأ
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׷ɱˣҶʡ
ǡδüᶨףҪɱңɱӦûҡ
Ҷʣ԰⴫һĲ߳
һ֣Ҷݶ֮
һƹߵ˻԰ߺ֪ʲôûãһ쳹԰
ɱɱˣ˰
ƹߵ˾ƣСűӶȥ
Ҷ̾һȻԼѣȴڴʱ¶棬˾֮Уʶݡ
ļ򣬶˷뿪˵أعԼķ䡣
յķǸСµ֬ζһˡ
ӣؿҶ
֪Ҷ̾˿رѡ
ʲôˣ׷ʡ
鷳ˡ޹صˡҶһ䣬תȥ˵
ҶӰɫ֣û˵£ҲֻԼıѡ
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Ҷ˯ţ˯š
ǺڰУ˵ɴ˫ۣʱ
ҶͲסڵʲôҪɱ㣬ʲô£
ĬΣشһÿ£ɱһɱˡ

±ģҵѵȫ޹ءƺܸȤϰ˶£
ҶƲƲ죬Էûп壬Ҫ»᲻ǵˡĲ˵ƺѵ͸Ѳϵ֪ɱ֮˵Ϣͱøйءϵ鷳£Ҳͱҵ鷳¡
Է˵
ԡ
㣬ƲκôƺҶ
Ҫʶһ𣿡ҶȻһЦֵǿԴ㻳ɱѵˣٴ㡣
ǴһͻȻѪɱɱҵˣٸʲôɱѡ
ҶĿԽתķɿ졣ôͨˣҲ£Ҫɣ
һ֣¹ӰԶ֪ԭίҪñƽס
Ҷתͷߺߵ˵ĵǻ̡
һθĵ̬ȣ¶һ˿⣬˵ģҶ΢ϤԺֻһתٰ뵽һˡ
ǾֻǮ˵ͨү


545 ʲƸ
ڶһ磬κѶڱ¥ڵĽʿ䴫ˡ
ݸĲͷһֵʬΪ¹شб¥ıʬûбߣɱ¥棬һңʬ塣
¥׷׵̬ȣҶ΢΢㵣ȴڳĽʿİ
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ͨүһǽϴ鱨ӣǺܶ¼ټˡ
һεħ¼ͨүǽټˡ
һεټڼΪص鱨УűĴصĲƸࡪү
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ңһεħ¼ߣ²ҵգ˱˵Ĳҵ
ͨԴħŴս֮ⲻˣ⼸ͷҲôԣˡ
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ĬĬλϣСϢҶʱѾȫĴסˡ
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ȻˣʲôŮˣԼ͵˴ϣȴڹؼʱ̿Ƶߣ˭鶼̫ã仹ǶԼòŵŮˣٶֱɱǻҪܡ
Ů˼ǺޣҶȫЩŮûйԼ
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ΪһʴҶЩͷ
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˵öԡ
Ҷע
һҸոһϢϢԴ㲻ùܣǧȷ
ҶüΪ˱ʾϢأǰ̽̽
Ҳ֪үɡԣĴ̡˵һΣһֲƸͻȻˡʲƸռвƲ֮һһԾүĲƸ˵ɵйǮ֧һ֧
Ҷһ˫Ķ䣬ȻϢɿ
ʱŭĿԣո˸񵣱Ϣ׼ȷԣ벻ת۱˻ɡ
Ҷæ֣Ǹģ̧ʾ
һ˵һξү뺯ȫǽϸ֣Ŀľ˵ǲƱ䣬Ŀ˵ͽκֻṩһƸȥϢõͽ𶼹һӳԺȲꡣ
ԭˡ
Ҷ˿벻Լ׷ȻõôһҪϢ
ϺӰѲƸõǣվǱ˺Ӷʧһʣ͵Ǯ˭ֻҪڴĳ͢УǶһ
ԭֻκµҶô»Ĳܲˡ
ϢҪΪֱ͸¶ңѡңҶüͷһ
ٺһ֣ѹⱾ㣬Ȼкô
ʲôôҶ֪ʱ鷳ȴˡ


546 鷳ͷ
һ󼱾Ĳӱ¥ſڼҴ߹ۣ󻹸Ųٶ̴¥ڻƣһƼҶȵˣ
Ǻ졣
۵ıз׷׳ʣֱӽҶΧм䡣
Ҷüͷ΢壬ۿȥȴ˴Ⱥм˳ͷһͷģһһĲͷԼλʮ̵ͨƹġ
ƲʻĲǴͷǸصǵܲͷվĸͷʻĶҲҶǸƹġ
ûǸƹ΢΢һЦǸκֵܣ˾ˡ
˵Ŀһ˲伯еҶϡ
¡λü۶ûҶһµܲͷĿֻ΢΢һҲֻһɨűǿף´ץ

չΧҶ˳
죬ĸĶǼ죬ҲΪĬ˲ͳҶͷ䡣

һ졣
˶ûм˭˳֣Ȼͬһʱѿпڴ⻬羵类жϵһ㡣
쾪һͬʱȥֵ죬ȴԸٶȰΧҶӡ
Ҿܲͷҿһۣһȣȫûп˭֣ȴѻɶۼҶϡ
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ץҵԭ򣿡ҶЦá
㹻ˡͷͷǳһ˿ЦƾǵΨһκ˵Ķϵɾ㹻㼩ù鰸
еЦҶ㶹У˵
Ҷ¿ЦҲ¶һ˿Ц⣬ҲЦˣҲúܿЦ
ΧĲͷûЦûЦλͷûЦֵ˸ǲЦ
λܲͷ΢΢ͷƳҶһۣĿӵ˼㶹һʵľϣĴָȥķõ㶹ָ¾Ȼøһ㣬ԷӲʵľ֮ҶȥǿϺֹһ
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֡أȴݳǡšĵһ֣ϵĹΪǿʵڹ龳ڣܶŴɵޣʮָӣںڵϸ˵һûĸֺܸҸŸɣеӵģˡ
˵⻰ĲǶЦŷҪҶУϤľɫ
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ʱһֱĬӻͳһ󼦵Ͽ˿ģǾˡ£ΪҲúܺЦ
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ѣʣ䣬е㶹ֺݺݰһ
ץץƨ¡ֻǾÿЦһõļһҧ˰˯һ̣ͨҶû뿪ôȥɱˣ
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Ҳ˯֮뿪ġͷǿ
Цһʱ䣬Ӿû˯
֡Ŀһض˫ϣɤͳصܹ֤̣ͨȻҲ֤Ҳδ뿪𣿡
ȻҶ΢΢һЦҲʧߵ֢״ȻҲ֤һֱڡ
˵˵Ҳһ֪ඣ˵˻Աߵĸͷǰһӻӳһʾ৵չ滭һ񣬳һֳһ޴ªӥӡ
Ҷ΢΢һ벻ҹ͵ԼļһȻҲˡ
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548 һ
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549 ʤһ
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552 ȥδ
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ĵ˵ȸٿȻμžһϼ޻ڤӣΪҲĶ𣿿ϧˣҪϼһ˵㻹ЩôĺҡҶСӼȷǸҪ룬׸Σ뿪˵أ

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ĦƺУս໪۾ƺһҹ֮¶еĶֶݸֶһڤӡ
ѽǺܺãܺã
ô˴һ㹻̨Ϸˡ
ԼȥĹ۵ˣ˭
꣬ꡭ
ҶȻһջķᣬҲҵһͿ
µһ˵ӣԿԷһʱ뵽ȻǸ˱أٰԼƱȥֱ˵ĹĹͷôȱۣʵʵ˵Ҷߣûܰһµĸˡ


564 ҹ̽ׯ
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ԷĵﵱȻס벻ԼüͷСѾͷϡ
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ʯӵһ仨꣬˻֮УһƺȴǲڻµҶʯӻ˹ȥ


567 ¼
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ҼѩɫߡҶ˵Ժ׼ҵŮˣ붼룬Ҳøƿ

˧췲̲סҶˣȴûмҶ죬ͻȻת䣬ˡ
Ҷɽ˳ȥĿֻӰһʱùսǰеĴУĦƺˡ
ҶһμĦƺУҲûλ˵еĺڵ뢻ⷬģ
ָߵͦһ˴ǹɫɮ۴棬ϵһ飬
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֮ʣһ˻̲סһ۷Ʊɫʣµʵ裬˵Ρɳܻ𣿡
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581 ţ
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Ҷûȥ⣬ûдƷĻԡ
֮ǰĵ¼Ҷ֪ĽһڽҪͷɱ裬ӦĽ
ݺĽ͵ƽס
Ҷһʱȴ²͸к⡣
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̧ͷɱɳĻ֮սѾȻսķΧҲתƣݸڲԻҲƴһһԷİ֣ԼУ͵òʧ
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Ⱦˮᾲ˵
Ҷסˮᾲֱڴ˵صܾȥ
լԺһ֮Ҷһ˼΢һȦΣǱػ
һݣͿδġ֡˳ŴӣȻɱ;ŹֵսҲλ˶޷һʱҪ״̬
ˡҶæǰֻȫЩЦתͷҶҸµˮᾲһ𾪣ˮСǱˣ
Ҷֱӽݣˮᾲڱ½Ĵ֮ϣ̽ʩһ̾˿ֻǱιȥǱɳ˵ֻ¾ͲȬˡ
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˵ʵǵĻ壬书ʣԺ;κθᲢۣʵϣĻȴƾѪڵ书ͻԭʣȻɳֵ֮ܵĵز
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Ҵ𻰣ָָֻ̨һҶƬͷٴ𻰡
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ְлΡϲɫæʩл
Ҷļ˵ɡˮտһδ飬ɳ˴ս֪ʤȥӭһӭһ
Ҷ˵ߣûſڣһɷƿ˷ţ½һ˾ͳ˽
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Ҷһѳ壬ֻɫѾ԰ѪɫؿһƬʺ졣
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582 澶
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ʱԶһѴϢ˲ⵣǵؿ˹ȥ̾Ϣһֵǡ֡ơ
֡һڵǴµǸƣ˵ùȥˣ֡ŵʦ
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һҶæǰʩչϹƿٻָԭڵİҶһɶһѪɫת˲ָ
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һĴȣЦҶϵܹȻϻۣǶĽп̽·
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Ҷһۣߵ˭û±ôӸֺǣȻǻõˡ
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˴֣Цٺ٣Ҳһ
ҶŶһ
΢΢һЦعάԹܳɴ󸻹ߣռáֻڻǮʱпУܳɴ󸻹ߣ׬ǮʱпУٳɶ࣬ǰܼһ
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583 
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ʱԱߵĶһ˷ܵزԵϷ壬Сĵиѡ
ʱ˸ۣõõãԼŮ˶㲻һ
ʱһЦϼЦˡСȷŮ࣬Сݸ꣬ĽҲǺްšл˼ҵĸױɱҲ˰ǱĻᣬǼҵĶСӴСͱĽңǡʹӡ
ͰŰɡҶӻ֣˶ȻаգͽɡҲʹ̣ҿ
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ŶļǡеܳȥԼɽҶ΢΢һЦ϶ĺ⼸ҲûƫƫСβֻԼһĶֵءĽлͶϡЩеġһۿݵڲͬƴʾá֤СӲǸӹš
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ԺԺڽдõֽһֻŸͲ֮С
լԺȻٲ˸ĴڣֻѡŸ룬ϢŸͻԶɵ̽Ǹ𴫵Ϣȫݡ
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æܸٹţһΪεլԺһԶݣʯϲԶҲ羰¡Դ֪طûжպл׽һ֪˵Ѿ¶ԣʱҪһ㣬пܡ
ҵص㡣ҶԸ

컯֮£Ҷݶһ̵ؼУͬȼĸ֣ᷢ˿״
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ĺشӦ飬ʯʨӹµµ˽ȥֱӰһҵ
ԺʱҳһţӰԺ˳
Ҷ粻̧ȱ˵һԺ䡣
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˷һţҶƿڴҲǿʵҶ̫ᣬʶ˭Ҳǰ˾ǽպյҶ


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ݵǱ峯ӺʵڲԭϴڣＫΪĵλȴԭУֻҪիܻٹĵλͽǮʹòԭϵ׷Ͷ֮С
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ڿܲ
ҶͨԱתƣ֣˵˵ǵ°ɡΪʦ⣬¾ܹȥ
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һϲֻҶ䷢ͷƤ飬¶֮ɫԱߵĹɺҲ¶һܿı顣
ҶûûˣҪ˵ȥ̲סԴϵõõãϽסѭֻصһס˭
ެɮһףݵƶɮޡԷӴ½ֻΪ澭ԭຣܸ
ɮⲻȱҶ֪λĺУһ첻ȥҷԡ
ҶĿؿƣϻ˵̫࣬е㲻ˬǱˣְɣ
˵ţװһŵúһûȴҶϷŪ֮٣Ҫ֮ʱҶسɴ磬˲ǰųƱ˹
ʦͽ˲ޱܵķʽٽӽ
ƺȻˣٶж죬űĳʼվǰûԶ룬ԽԽ
ԶĹɴһԮϧ书ǿһѣ߶εʵҶԣȻþȴʼձҶ˦ȻģȴԸϵ
ۼʦͽҪ׵һͻȻ䣬Ҷϴһ
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Щ޹Ҷѯʵ飬õǣλҺʱ֮󣬽աǲǰͻȻõԷܴϢҪԭõʱӼա
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593 ֲ֧
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ĽҲͲסʧЦ
ЩŮҵ˼˵˵Ҷ˵κΣԱ˻þάȥ
ƺرѵÿҶԱӣŮЦƻҪٵ٩䡣
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ףʲôʱ˵ˣ诶ȷʡ
ΪǰһߵҶԣһļȡЦΪ˵λͽӣҶҶ˰

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Ҷδôιֻε诶Ҷ
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ҶҡͷŶŮ˵Ҷĳ˵ǱǸɨˡ¹Цһӵˡ
ĽҶһ񣬽ѵҶôƽ׽˵Ĵ֣Ҳ诶ϲ㡭ˣʵ̫ûˡ


594 һ
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Ҷһýż˵ԷĴ׵Ѩǧ㣬ȴû㵽ﰡôЦ滢Ѹ˵Ķ˵ɣҶ֣Ȼ㡮Ц滢ɡ滢
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ҶھҺһɨʱ𣬽ǾҺΪıƬ̶ֱԷĴ׵ѨС

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ǡЦ滢ֻô׵Ѩһ˿ڴֽ裬̰ʹ˲Ϯ

Ц滢˲Ť̲סʹ߳ȫʱҧʹӣԭ뱣ֹּ˲һյʱ䣬Ѿȫʹధˡ
áܵʹȫ߸ԼܹͿ̵ѵҲȫ޷ǹƹ֮ĸܡ
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Ҷ鰴֣Ȼ壬侲侲ʲô״ʲô⣬񡭡Ǻǣ⣬һܼҡ
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ҶЩǿ½棬ͬʱλǧһ𣬶һǻ϶ʲô۶ӡ
ҶѾͷתߡ
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Ҷһ仰ȥ


596 ǰ
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䣡
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㡭ѩͨ죬ŵصҶ
ҶһɭȻŮŪ鲻ҪԼʱҲҪŮˡ
ѩҶЦһѵΪҳ÷ѩȴѹӵ𣿡

Ů˾һҶ¶ŵı顣
ԭ˾𣬸޵Ҷ
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˵һ˦ѩлδ䵽Ҷͱһɴ˦˳ȥֱȺܼĽͷ
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Ⱥ˲佫ûֶ˱ϣº䶯ݸ
ѩıУҶһЦתߡ
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Ŀ֮£Ҷȥһѳסϵӣͳ˴һڵʿ֪ĵʲôˡ
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ҶѽЩĸ갡ϵЦе˵
Ҷ۾һУϵүʲôʱ֪ҵݣǡ֪
ϵǺһЦ׵ڤӵѾʵ档СҶƣϵһ˵κ𡣡
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˹ӰƿڶȻͬ˧췲ĸֲ
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ϧʿҲչȺһһȺĦƺ䣬ɱ
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Ҷֻ߸̽ϳһ֮ͬ̵ֻԱأ˧̾ȴΪɶ䣬һֺϻ󷨣ȷʮϬ
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Ħƺгֵͬһ̣Ҷǰһسɴ磬գ۱㵽Ħƺ࣬񽣡һָ˹ȥһӰ
ĦƺкᵶδգһšҶָ⡣

뵶ƾԣһʱˣڵĴ֮ȻֱӵУХ罫Ͷܵĵʿȫϯٺݺκ赲תϰϣǶϽ۵Ĵ졣
ҶһĦƴʦôôСģȻˣ
ǰڽͷ͵ϮĦƺУȻɹҶעڤӾƣҶȴȻҲĦƺС
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ҶյصͺһһĦƺУµһתӰ˲Ħƺеľƾݺᣬ޷ҶŭëҶСȥˡ
δ䣬ڤǰѾһ⣬иְġ浶ʼֻݺύػ˼ȵҶһǡն˹ʱڤŷ֣ԼǰҿѵķλѾȫҶǣڤӱ޿ɱܣǻˮ̬Ҳⱻˡ
ؼʱ̣ڤӲݶĽֻ֣һΣӲڡն֮ǰһקס˱ú޻֮˧췲
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ҶòֱӰˣ뼰λʥٵԳ͢ȶڵǿãҲò취һ

ѸޱȵġնϮ˲䣬Ҷ˰գ˵ĵֱӽ˧췲ͷеһ㣬նһϵͥٴηɳݶʧ

ֵķӦϣһ˲ƿ˸󶴣ߴӿе
ڤӹһЦһѳס˧췲ĺӣҶҶСӣҲ̫˰ɣһֵгԱˣ
Ħƺдӿ£ɨ˱²˧췲һۣ¶һ˿мǸҶ֮£ҼҶ֪ǿٱ
Էἰս˧췲ɫѿ
Ҷƺǰһжûϣɱŵ΢ЦŷڿСڱ־һ㡣
ڤӱ࣬Ҷзë̲סŭ㿴ʲôЦʲôЦޣҿһ첲
㣡Ҷ˸ơ
ڤӲȻŭ˧췲ΪԼʱ˧췲ͻȻԼ첲ͻȻһȣ񾭷Զ˳ȥ

ڤӴһմģֱӱ˧췲һⶥ˳ȥ


599 ׷
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ղŲһǡն˧췲˵עǵâ֮ϣ˧췲ûע⵽Ҷһ塣
˧췲ȻڤӿѨҶġ磬˲㵽˧췲Ѵ͵չڤһ
ȻȴҲ˸ڤӴֲһѨ΢΢һͣ޷ɱ˧췲
ȵҪƵʱ򣬾棬ҶѾƹ˧췲ǰӭ˫ָĿֺ

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Ĺ۵Ĵ紦ھκ֮С
˧췲ֱӱǹɵ߱ƵƤѪĿӣڲܿҶߴ۶޷УԼ룬񲻳˵ꣿ
˧췲Լˣη绢ˡ
䣬ظȴȻָ侲ֹ
Ҷ˫ָӫ⣬סˡ쵶ĵ棬ŷǼסһô򵥣ʱ䳯˧췲գգ۾ֻԺ¹ʵЩۡ
һֵ̣Ħƺдһ
ƴᵶҪӳҶǰϧԼԷָġ쵶Էһ֮Ȼһ
֮ʱҶѾײĻУĦƺæʩչµ¾ѧĦڭɮo񹦡˲һ𣬰վԭزӣһΪĵʵӰ
Ҷļײ뻳һӰԭز֮⣬Ӱֱˡ
飬飡
ҶײԭزӣӰʱ鿪ſӰûܳסҶĹĭ㻯Ϊá
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ҶһôŹֵĹǴµ¾ˣȻԽӰܵ˺һΪģֱĸܣԭʮ˺ת۾ʣķ֮һҶһǼײǣķ֮֮󣬽Ҳӳ졣
ˣҶҲóĦƺгסĦڭɮo񹦡ҲĻ񹦣ʣķ֮һҲɥʧս
ֻһײ֮ڤͻȻĦƺеȫһ»Ϊˮ˲佫ĦƺйЮĽȥҶٴγʱǡһΪˮ飬ܶȥ
Ҷ壬ƾˮͬӵڻϣȴȻͬʱҲʧȥڤӺĦƺеϢ
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С๦ĸ߼ܣҶԽƵ磬ͬʱҲһʶӦ
ڸոײĦƺһ£һ㱻˹ȥݷĦڣֻҪδ͸޷ӦԼ׷ĴڣֻҪڰ֮ڣҶܹ֪λá
ⳡŸոտʼҶɲô׾ġ


600 ֮
ݸԺ̳Ժ
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ۡ
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ڤӻջ󱳵ƣ˵ϵĻҳȻСĦڭɮo񹦡壬ҶһײѾûˡ
Ħƺ΢΢ͷԱл⡣
Ƕ˲Զ۴սչϺɫĹâĦƺ˵ӦõȺһǰȥȻҶ˲񡣡
ڤӵһֶۣòϷܰɣ
վüͷһ壬볰䣬ȴĦƺдϢǴ⣬ڤκα¶ҶǷǾǵ߻ƽĽٷˣﶼȫ
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ս¶һ˿ЦԴĸ໪۾ȫʵѾͻƵ벽񻰵ĵزڹĪ˿Ϯ˾ɶԷѪ͹ΪݶгҶ֮⣬˵ȸϡ
ǰħŵ֮һҲǹ龳кڵΪǿϵĸֽһԼĶ֣
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սһֻƱ˲ˣδϨ壬뾭پʴˣǻǱսҪŹ֣ȻΪȼϣû˿˥˵ļ󣬷ԽԽ
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ս໪۾Ĺ֮ĵһγ֣ȻȸϳԱ֪վǵ°ɣϺɫ˿һ˲Ż˿͵˿ȼյٶȡ
ֻһȴԼƶϵϺ˿ողסħսü΢΢һѾȫָȸӯؽһִֻսļͷ˧ȴаߵľ࣬ҪٶඣȻҾҪСԴšˡ
㡪ս˲͡
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ȸһѿסսʺЦתĦƺڤ˵λ֮ǰйЭģԲȴ̨ܻ˵ȥȻλжֶҵļƻ¾͵ȥ˼˵˵ˡ

Ħƺڤɫڴ䣬ٿȻվ˫ȭգƺҪ֡
ȸ͵һ֣ս־ЦôˣĦƣԼӵ𣿡
Ħɫ࣬ڤδ˸ɫֿңסȸȥ·ǺЦ˼Ӳ˵ǰ˵ˣԼҲòһ
ʱ򣬾ȸɫҲһ䣬ѵԷҪ֣
˫ŵʱһϴ𣬾ڼҵүү㿪ڵСȸĪҪŻСӡ
ȸڤΡĦƣɫһ䣬ٿȻһͬʱеֿ֮㶼ʩŷ


601 е
Ħơڤκȸ˵Ĺ˳̬սһ̲סɴ˫ֱۣضſڣȴһȫ۵ĸߴӰԼԺһ㣬ڵ̤̳ԺĴ֮ڡ
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֮ĿȫźͷǰķһЩ̥ԼɫˣܱӺˣ
˵һָһǾ޴ķһͷֶϣ׹µµֱսűߡ
սĿֱӣǷͷԼвɵһƬã
һЦǲϴȱСӣҿĹ򡭡
㣡սһŷֶԷ֪ʱѾ
ոתѾһ絶Ͽٵƿ˺ѵá͡죬սŭӣæʩչħеֵϺɫ˿Ƽÿһ˿һԵĶ棬һ˵ȥ
ֻս֮ǰȸͷŵġħ𡱻δɾȻ˿޷ʴľʳתħ𡱵Ĺ̼ΪҪĴ˿һħ
ʱǿߵĳһֱ۵սμ׾˫һʱսϲƵ˿롰顱һըġħ𡿳ٴֱ

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ɾʱ򣬶˷һǳЦǰһƻս֮ϣڶϵġħһɢȥ̻ըѣڰֱӻΪޡ
սʱǰһĻԷγֵǾԼıоɲ֮£æתͷס
ϧڵĦƺУɮ붨һ㣬ûκα飬µõһɫʾûС
Ħƺıսһǰ˵кα¾Ȼһѱĸױ˷ƺɱԼκβ
Сӣħʱ˱˫֣ٴƽڡ
սԷд󣬶ʱΪŭħʩչޣȫϺɫһֱ۱˿ƣ˸Ǳ÷絶ǽ֫ǰ֫һ㣬˵ؿڱݺ
һ֮֮ڶ˿µ˻˻죬ɭϢ˼ȲϺɫĹâսϺɢƬͬһ㡣
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սһе֣ôΪ⣬¶һ˿Цݣź߬ȭͷǾ޴Ϻɫͬʱڲ˿
սǵĵ֮ɫոո֣ת˲ͱ˾㵡
Ϊ˿Ѿʼ룬ΪʲôԼȴԷһѪûأ
սɫδãǰľ޴Ϻھ޼͵ҫһĨǹݵĲŰϢˣսֻüĴһʹûӦǸ޼Ѿֱͬʱֱۺ˫ȸ㶼һʹѴһ飬ֱڵأҲá
սشȸˣԭѹҶٳԸܵдһʱڵϣһϻҲޣƾԷá
˺ǺһЦȻĦƣӲѡ໪Ϊĸ壬ãȻûѡ
Ħƺǰһֹ⻹ǵϵѣҲд˼ӡ
ƺΪص˵ͷŴӻͳһ壬ֱӶսߣҵ֮ʱħϵĹоĶֻһҲֻһйǸղסһСȥɡ
ս΢΢һ㶣㶵ؿˡ
ĦƺһԺǳӣлܹģһʺĶ㲻Ҷɹ
ģսһŵشǼ¶һѹŹֵıС
ѱУһ߰룬ΣһǷĵڣһȴʾΣеУȻšе֡


602 ü
ѡеͨڳȻ޹⣬ȥΪͨȴ͸һѪ֮пһ棬ÿԴëϷһ棬ȴɭɭݣˡѵ͸ſֲпѪȣ
սѵ΢΢һٴζǰ˵еԻ¾ֻһһʽȴỤ̋ѣһֱȻǶ֫ڸΣġħȴ̶õ˸ֲܵʹ࣬ٶ徫Ѫա֮ǰãʽк죬ʩչеĺԽеɱԽ󡭡гһܺ޵أ޾ˣҲȻնϵأŰʡ
սвæպáе͡¾ס֣ؿͷǸл
˲أΪŹ֣ҼΪʶģֻһֱץסսĸԸرƿ֮С
սõ˵ĶݣĦƺСڤӺȸˣҲǱȼ仰ץסģӶƿ
ʱշսڻתĦˣİɨ˶ͷðͷȴˡ
ĵҵΪ£ǿ츳Ƿʤǿң׷ľѡǽǵľҰ̰Ȩٻ֮ϡһΣҴʧʵǡʧ
Էֻǵ˵˾䡰ʧ˶ʱȫɸͨһڵء
ڤӲǾ˷֮⡣¸ոڲǰõбǽҵİؽ棬ƴо춯صĿУֻҪбǽãؿŽǧ֮˼䣡
ͷյ˵ͷܺá̫ƽɸġбǽ˼䣬Ϊһμѻʦ£ϯڽɽ֮ͻȻƾʧλִпնȥ⽣ǡաһԿףܲܲȫĺܺá
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ǻƽΪ׷Ѱɻʵ
ڤæ
ָ˵ڤӣһأһ£Ҹһµʱ䣬ʱġбǽңϣġбǽܹ⡣
زڤһɣͬʱϲ֪ԼɻأǿӸĽ֮ĽҲҪˡ
ʱתͷȸĦƺУʵΪ׷ΪʲôѽѵʮƽҲΪ¸Ǯ򵽡աˣ
ϡȸףǸȻʮƽ֮£ҶʵƽۡչҾüȻˣʮûʲô𡣡
չչûˡչͲ𣿡˲̾ҵ˵֮壬κλϵУһʱ̣Ʊоյ͸ǰݻ̵ġչˣԶأ
ԶȸһʱЩãȻ
ŭ䲻̾˿Ħƺһ֣ó
ʲʲôĦƺһͷˮ
ϵö
ĦƺлȻæӻһң󽫡˫ֵݸˡ
ġЦݻ̽Ҿ͸߹ӦֱȡĪƫƫϧһӣʲô֮ƻңͷԼ̻ԼƵеһһ츳һˣʦɼϹ硭ʧ
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˵ʧ֣˫һǺųġȻӦΪأ׶һ㣬һƨڵϣŵؿ˵˫֡
Լһˣ˺ߺһЦ̯˫֣忪ޣ벻ϲഺפֻСաһ;
˵꽫ж۵ġȸǿղ㣬伮ӦһдּƤǾǰݻ̴֮ǰдԼƤϵġչ񻰿ķϻֻĹ
ȸһ飬ȻһƤţд֣ϲ֮˿ͷл
һĻϵο㹻⹦ˣӦÿ߳Լ·㲻Ҫ̫ʱ䣬ҵĿ޵ġ
סȸæӦ
˿ȸߵƽ澭ԻֵĶֻĲԭ档Ҳϲƭҡ֮£Ҳ֣ҲʣȻΪǳʽҹܲ¡Ȱ㣬ĪҪŮɫϳԣҪС
ǣסż쳣Ƥ˷ܵȸ仰Ūüһ£ʱͷٴð亹

̾ϢһߵɹڵصĦƺǰߵķ̨ϣĦƵĴͷǵ¶ˣ˵˵ˡ
ĦƺͶأ֪𷣡
Ҫġ˶ȣƵ˵㵱ȻҪˣ츳ǿƫƫҰļ̰˼ȨȻʥתƵ˽ϣ͵ʮƽͼɽ𣬻Ρ˼𣿡
¡㣡Ħƺ亹ֱð˵Щ״Ρ
˻εŶȣЩΪǵҲһ򲻹ܡ㾹ȻҵУԸϰ˵Ħڭɮo񹦡ô£
ңҡΪ񹦣Ӧá
ӦñҰŵĹҪã𣿡һЦһĴ滳ɰ
²ҡĦƺͷƴһڤӣϣܿ˵顣
ʱ򣬱˵ڤӣսһĪĵģܹӹһ٣ѾǶˣ˵¹֮С
ҲաȻĲʣ鲻Ը֮壬͵Ϊֹɡһ̾վ
ϣĦƺһı־֣ƴ飬ٸһλᣬһλᡭ
˺ǺһЦΪôµķϣҸһλᡭһ˵ţһվɣҲˣʱˡ
žžž
һҶ⻺ڣ۵Ȼ֮ɫħɴݲȣȻ벻⽭оȻиô˵һǹˡ


603 Ī
˿Ҷ˵ͷ˵нȴһ
л佱ҶЦ
ȴ
ҶɫٿȻһ
ΪسҶҺܺ棬Ϊ˿ߵ죬ߵôԶôȣ׿󣬻ƵУֱӻӰ֡ĺܳҵԤϡǿ˹ĹδЩ˵ȥ
Ҷһ˼ңǳоϲ㣬ʲô¶Ҫƣǻú۵ġʺõ˾޵УŬʲôãҺŬġ
Ŭ˵Ļһ㶼˵ʸûУ̸ʲôεĶȣվֻŬһУһ;ϣҪڷҪö࡭ŬƽӽԶɹ֣ȴǴǰԿסŬԸıԼֿԸı硣
ҶһЦһսصô𣿡
Ҷսʱ˫Ŀͨ죬ҧгݡ
Ҷ仰ζԣ˵սָߣΪμֵ͵Ĵܣһһۣòνġ֡δҲ̫ˡ
ûϵ˾Ȼĵ˵ͷҪսô֣ʸ׷Ѱ
˻һҶսһ㶡
ȴ˼ҲΪսΰ֣Ǹġȴ֪ս֮Ի㣬ã˼žѧ֮⣬Ҫģ֮ǰŬķȫߴˡĲҷԼĲࡣңֻҪµʱ䣬ʤ㣬׷Ѱ·ϵһʯ
һ仰˵սĴ˵ĺøиǴӡ
ҶϱӿʼѾ˱˼ҺӱԼĻͿʼӣ˵Ķûã˭ָߣ˭ʵͣҪȭͷӲЩƨòŵ£СүھͶ롭
ˣ
䣬ҶһȭȻֱսؿڶ
ǿƺٶȣֱڴһĦơڤκȸͬʱ˹εô󿪻۾
սͬеҰݣȫﶼϣոտҶȭͷѽ飬ȭ˲䵽ǰ
սҪܣ䲻һɾ޴ȴҶһʩչݺסקס
ȭХ˺Ϊֹ֮
սаȫѣʱȴ㿪һȭ֮£ҲΨӲһ;
ɾ׼ƴӲʱǰͻȻһڣһִֻԱ˹ͷ׼ȷؽסҶһȭ
ͣ
йҶһȭ֮ȫĵж
ӯյƣ˲ȫɢǹ龰ǸոҶָסĦƺе쵶һ㣬й֮޲
ף
Ҷ΢һЦʵϲ𣿡
˺ǺһЦûʲô£ǲ㶯ҵ˶ѡ
ܰޡҶ΢΢һ͵ʩչڤ񹦡
ҶʵƽУŪԼ͵ý⡣
ʵԽգ̬ƫɣ˷ܡΣľȫÿһϸԾ
Է嫺һ㣬ҶоԼӾһٶȸӰһƬ󺣡
ʵҲȷˣδκηȤһ̾ɹȴ˼öԾ֣䲻ܷȤҶСӣȻ˵ʲԴȴšϧˣͶȡɵĹ򣬶׷ѰôԱˣС
һ䣬ԷٿȻһ£ӿǧٱٶȺ͹Ҷ֮С
Ҷ˲оԼչÿԼľڼǿ籩֮µĺ棬ˡ
ֻ뽭ʱǶԶԼ²Żᷢ
ȻͻȻҶȴ侲һ˲Ӧƻָһǡ񽣡ڶԷģĽֱԷ֮ڣ;ƻԷľ壬ͬʱһǰⶥԷؿڡ
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ԷԼڵӴϵתأҼٶԷѡ
ٶȼ죬˵ڶԷոսҶʱѾ⵽Ҷķ

Ҷһ˵ظ֮䣬ֱӽ÷˲ͷ
Ҷ׷ȴͻȻֶԷٿȻͬһֻ㻺ڰУԼȻЦСӣȻһסֻҪӦһұ㲻
Ī
Ҷһ̧ȱһš


604 ֻ
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ҶþȫһȣֱӽԷߣûԷܵκ˺ٺЦУһ֣ҶͬһײӴƥľ˦˳ȥȻ˵ͷײƵǽɵ˺Ժ֮⡣
湻
ҶϵĻҳµִǽ߻˴
վڴ룬վڤӺһɫӵսĦƺڵأ¶ɫ
ߺߺߡ
ЦУ˶Ҷ˵һʱ䣬һһµʱȶ񻯾ҿǻῼϣ⣬㻹ٻ¡ߺߺߡ

Ӱ˳ŵ󶴷˳ȥת˲ʧ
Ħƺĵ棬ӵϻ𣬱Ҷصһλ᣿ԭҵᡭ
˵ҪĦһᣬĻᣬԭҶߣĦ˵޿ܵ¡
ҶۿŶԷıӰܵλڵ۵įĦƣƽ䣬ٸҸղǸ˭ҿһԱ书Ҫڡ
ƺһ·

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뵽ոշԼһˣĦƺһУȻҶ˴ûƢȡʤûκϣ
ұѸղǸ𣿡ĦƺвЦһ԰ȰɱˡɱԼɣȡ½յĿɣ
˭Ҷüʵ
Ħƺ׹տտ˫۽Ҷ쵶Ҳġܴң
ãҶŭǰһ죬ɣĦƵ
Ħƺ΢΢һٿȻǰһ˫ʮɵľʱǰ쵶ӭ䣬ǲõĵâ£Ȼе˫äܱ̫µҲԵûްࡣ
Ҷһ˫ǰ绨٣ųǰһָ˫ʮָͬ˰ɳһ򿪣ָӰݺύȥϾÿһָӰһ콣շɢϻšһһָڡ쵶ĵ֮ϡ

һ죬űǾ䣡
Ҷǵ˴󲿷֡쵶ĵĦƺƴǰȫһ֮£ըһ㣬ٴλɴɽš쵶Ħƺеķ䡣
ۡ
ֻɲǣĦƺб㱻ͻȻըѵĽ˼ͷȺ͸Ѫʱ䣬͸Ȼ壬Ŀѣףٵǰ
Ҷʩչ貨΢ֳʱһƬƮӰƮȻѩӯƱ£Ħƺеġ쵶ݺأǧȴʼ޷մҶֺ
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ĦƺһȣϰȻľ壬һĸĦƺֳİѡ쵶ͬʱĸ赶˲ŶĿâ͸⣬ź¡һȫ
ֳһƬ̳ƣֲΡ
γһ罫ܸɢĦƺˡĦڭɮo񹦡פأѪ죬ڴŴ
΢˹ȫѪ֮գⱻĦƺпƵ˼ΪľأѾȫɱպϡ
ĦƺлĿĹˣȴûзҶһ˿һӰɻ䣬ͻȻԶһ̾ĦٿȻתͷ۾ɵ΢΢һ
̳Ժһ֮ǰһССķ̦߲ҶվڷǰһʯשϧˣµĻݽʦʬ޴棬ģǼ˶ĿϹǻҰˡ
ˡĦƺһᵶһǱӦԼǻҵķĹǻǻݽеġ̳ԺҰʦĵطé®߽ȴһսҡߣʢſΪ޳˴º켶ķָڽ򡭡ǳҵĵ֮
Ħƺ¶һ˿ɫġķָȷмҴʬҵţ֮£㽫ɡȴ֣ⷢⱾΪ֮ѧӸ߼ġĦڭɮo񹦡ʹԻݽ½ޡ
Ҷ˵ݽбǱʦĹ¶ʦĺУû֪ʵĿݱ¶ڤɱ̳Ժɮڣ𣿡
ĦƺɭһЦЩ鶼ҼġݽʦܣȴɱţԼͽµа֮ͽгֵܣܲ޺أ
ҶͷҲأŷȴĦƺ˴ĴָݣѣбգվΪĻݽʦʦܣֻɡ


605 ĦȥҲ
˵úã񲻿գĦƺпȻЦɷΪ˽ܣΪۡǲˣԳһкãҶ
쵶䣬Ϊ֮һ
һĦƺңﵽҡᵶ֮⣬ľ磬¼õ֮ˣ˾ͽ⣬ܴﵽ˵Ⱦ硣
˵õĴң书ߵͣҲĦƺǰéۼõľȴ˾ͽ壬ȲϡԵ
ʣ
ͷڳ·ϵʵ̫ˡ
һ;ʮ࣬ٷִţƾ֣ʲôϢ
ĦƺУࡢ֣֮лʶƫƫжȨɱΣʹɳһƸøɾֱĦƺٴαŷ˫ǿʵ
ֻϧҶϧǣ̫
ҹ޳ɫ
Ҷһγ֣񻯾ʵȻǰգһȴգɺһƬɫ
ĦƺЩĿɿڴؿǰȽȽ£ԼϥڰУ·ҶԼָǵ

䵽ų޾âġ쵶֮ϣĦƺеע£쵶ֱ˰գȥ½ӳϧȴѾӵ
ٽǰҶָһƫͬʱչͣ֡
Ħƺ¶һ˿ЦӭǵδͣЪĽȥ
ݡ
ѪҶ񽣡Ħƺеࡣ
ҶֱǰһѰסĦƱؿڣ쳤ؾóϹľֱӹڣԷ
ң˵˭Ҷ˫Ŀͨ죬ʡ
ĦƺѪ¶һ˿ЦҶ˫ۣЦ㣬Ҳ֪Ѳ𣿺ǺǺǡ㡭ǣ㣬㡭Ը࣬š
˵һ֣ĦƺһҧؿڴѱֹסѪҺȻ䣬Ѿȫըѣ⧲֮£ҶѪһ
ܰĦƺһʦƵһĻţһȥǸ˵װѽʲôѱ˵ʲô
㶵طĦƺе𽥱佩ӲҶĵ׵ŭһıˡ

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ࣵУ߳Ƶĺڵۣʥʥĵ֮һĦƺУһʬбɡ
ŲЩ½Ұɡʲô
Ħƺ֮ûһ¿ױġ֡Ҳ֪Ϥǰ
ҺأҶʡ
̾˿û֡Ӧñ˴˰ɡӣҺҲӦ˵£ǸЦ滢壬ĦΪԷһŵİӡƴʵ˼ҵ֮СҲǸĦƺǰݱ仯Ļôױҵ̫ܵˣΪֻֽһţ
˵ʲôҶüʵ
ʲôʡ
Ҷ̾˿ҪȥҸˣЩ顭
Ҳȥüͷøˣնص㲻ȥ
֪Ҫ˭
Ȼ֪ϻһ;ѹһͷģмˣħ죬֮ǰǿ𣿳ȥ˭ĳسһԼɽңȥΣܳϣ֤ݣ
ҶŭȵϾǰ׵䣬ƹˡߵգһУΪڱ
ΣȵҪ˵棬Ļԣѣָ𣿾ˣôǸˣΨһ׷ںˣкλ󡭡ǧǰŰ¾֣ǧ֮󣬻Ľաĳ׿
Ҷһֻ֪Ȼһ׷ѰƫΪνҽֲĦƺСڤĺڵۣоħ죿ɫһ䣬૵᲻ħ죿
пܡҶļΪûֱۣϺ˵һ˷ˣһҪݡ
ᰣ
ļ֮
ΪʲôҶ˼⣬˷Ǹ󶼲ϳɽǲǾΪˣ


606 Լɱ
Ͳ빷ǽʲôӦѵû˵¾ֵĽ𣿡˫ۣҡͷ˵ʲô׵ڵɱ˾ųϡˣҪĿľ׷ѰȻֲЩڣһ̽˸һЩοҪˡ
Ҷһ㶣üңħ֮ĴսԼʱʲô
ΪɱƲƲ죬ɳɳ塭˴˱
ɱ
ѵҲʲôϵ
ĻأҶʡ

ҶޡһĻ嶼ҪˣҪɱ˵Ŀˡ
ҪչһʱˡҶ̾һ䣬Ǹ˸һµʱ䣬˵Ҫ졭䲻֪٣Ҿ޽ֻ´ν־δôˡ
ҲϺ˼Ȱοһʱ䣬æµȴ˶Σ׼Ҷӣڵݺ书ʺΪڵһս񽪶ңҪԼ³أһĸᡢϣԴޡ绨ǲɶõ˲ţҲھľΪ͢£οֶͣ˹أ
Ҷ̾˿ЩҪԶִǸɱôΣյǻɾǡΣյġ
˵ͷ¹ЩΣǻ֪ͨġҪ£ǱչԼս
ҶͬͷͬʱҽšһˣҾͻطᡣ֮ǰһҪټһˡ

Ĺ۵һƫ
ȸľҲʮɾ롭
һԭأҶ̧ͷþĬ
˧췲ӯ룬ҶıӰ˼ŹһЦչǰϲҶ֣ϲҶ֣նĦͷ­Ϊֳһ
ҶͷҲأһܿģ
˧췲΢΢һ㶣̹ȻûʧԼҸֶΣõĽԩ
ҶһƲûϼתͻȻʵɱģ
˧췲ǴһתװһɻģʵɱǸսİ׳ո֣ôֲ֪ʶ
ҶЦ
˧췲һ৵شһϵֽȣüҶ֣Ϊһҵı飬ɱкθϵΪһʶĪ
ŹгҲг𡭡
ҾӦʶ˧췲һʱһŭҸһһ㡭
ԼҶŷû˧췲ĻҪڽʲô
˧췲Ҫ⣬Ҷȴ׹ȥһ˧췲ӹһ۽ǲԾһ¡
һطСĴָǴκҵһء
˧췲ɻؿҶ
Ҷָָǵָһֻ֣һβָóǡ˧췲ʱеһضָ
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㲻֪Ǻǣöָȴ㽻κġҶ䡣
仰ŵ˧췲ɫ䣬æϵôڷָ˵Ҷ֪ŻƽҪ֪ͽȵǣύκ
ҶҡͷʧЦ͵˧췲˧췲һͿһʱȻһԸڤӺĦƺУʥĿȨûʵ϶ҪˣͬԾ޵ľֻ֣ɱǵƿν޷죬ȴΨһ㣬Ǿκ书ϢǱĹۣȸƤһָ˵κҲֻɱ£ֻ书ȸƤָȸ֡
˧췲ɫӲ԰ס
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Ҷ˻᡾񽣡̶ּʩչʮơһ֮ʩչ貨΢̶ѹ²ͣߣ
ѭʱ弸ڱԵ֮󣬷̶ֹͣ˹ڼϺʱȫ̥Ϣ״̬
ȵȫ֧Ųסּ֮ͨ赡֮ǰ赼еĻƾǻþеŮζľ񷢶̨һ˿ת⣬׳󱾾ڳ˵ľеľϣü֮С
;񻰾εҪҲȹ̺ǿ񻰾صڡ
ͨΪ֮Ѿ߾磬ӽڴ˵е֮
񻯾һЩ˵Ǵ޷ﵽ߾磬һҶԷͻ񻯾еĵ·Ȼһǰ
ơȼǿн񻯾ĸ֣ȫҲͻоġϹչ͡ЦЦǣ񻯾оǽ롰϶Ϊһʱ򣬡صǣ֪ԼѾȫϾ׷ѰĿܡ
µĽ񻰵ķҶԲʹûкҩɳԵķǽٻ٣׼
ҶûûҹȴһУһֻͻơͻơͻơ
ֱΪ㹻ʹµʱһգҶҲ֪صʱ䵽ˡ
ʵʮ֮ǰͻ񻯾Ҫһؿڣȶ񻯾֮ϣ񻯾εʮȹһ׶Σﵽľ΢硣
һμ䣬ҶչؽʰͣߵſڣһУʮĶʯƿ˽ء
Сʦ塭
߳شţӭӰŸոտʼ߽С


618 
ҶСһϲԼƨɺ߸ӣ½澭֮⣬˶Ѿδˡ
ʢѾҶһͷ͸԰װ棬׳ͬһͷҰţĺŷһһţͶ֮䣬з֮Ȼмԡ˽ķ׽¯衣
ӰСƴΪϸ߳һݰס㿡ݣϼ񹦡ɣΧʱɫϼѾڵľ硣
Ǯظˣݡ
ǮѾȫһ״ṦӳƮƮľһŴ޻ݸߵĺͬüĵãͬʱ澶ԡɲǳɱͷǳһ
½ǸԱ½Ǹ˽񣬲˿๦ɽʦ½ʦҲõ佣ǧֺ
ФƷһĿᣬ˳ĬﱧŵĺڽһѣѪ
ҶСѧΪοҲʱɽˡ
Ҷ̧ͷĿһɨ΢΢һ㶡
ΪʱӭصģȻС֮⣬ֻʦֺһˡ
ȻҶʱϲ桢ʽĹԸ񣬵ڶ౾ӦֵĺֵܶڳⲻЩɻͲ죬÷ѩڳеһ˿
Сʦܣˡʱ򣬺񲻽΢Ц˹
λòƮݵʦ֮ʱһ򿴵ϸʱȴޣʱüɻȫһֱҶ֮󣬷
Ҷǰ񣬡ʦ֡
Դɽ˵Ĺ诳⣬ҲѣòҶǰȵļ򣬱΢΢࣬ȴչʱ䣬һЩ顭
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Ҷвһæһקס񣬼еѩ
ġǵáסҶļ򣬻ǰСһˡʺˣ
ʺ
ҶһʱûзӦٿȻԭʦ˵ǻʸ̩ţԼǧѰ޵Ǹá
˵÷ѩĸ׺ͼõĸ׻׽ܣǹѣҲǱã÷ѩ;빬Уϵǳ
ôɽأ
嶼ɲֹ֮ңѵ
ǹʲôʣҶһʵг˴£Ϊβҵıչء
֣ʲô£ֻǡѶϼ¡㻹ȥСȥɡ
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һ£æʦֵܺµӣҪֻһֱѧԺ֮߾Զ֮ҲѵУܹרء
ҶһЦлʦ֮ǲһ
ֻæ
ʦֹģҶ֪Եɡ
ȼ÷ѩ˵

֮÷ѩλ֮󣬺㾶ֱȥƺܿ뵽¼֮С
ⲻҶ档
ļ紺ʱǺʱ̡
ķҶֺ͸ˡ
ɽ˻һ˺ɽȣСɽϵҰֲҲһ˽ɫҶ
ɽവȵףһƬƣȵ׵ĺҶ֯һۼʤա
Ҷ̤ŷҶ趯˫ɫɽ͸˹ֱеСľ¥
ԶԶأͿڷľ¥ƽ̨ϣһѵĸˡ
Ҷأ˷ڰοõ÷ѩ֮⣬ȻòļҲɽˮΣˮһԡ
ҽɡҶͷ֪˵ЩʲôֻϺ겻ͣͷȴҲʱЦҡͷ
Ҷӯأ˴кһˮʵôˡ嶼ÿ㣿ǲǳˣ
ˮЦһŬŬ죬ȴһƳ̾ҽˡ
Ҷͷתߵϵļ᰸ǰһҶ˵꿴˻ļãʵ׷ʲô£
÷ѩʱ̧ͷҶһۣʾСĪ̼á
Ҷ᰻˻֣ýˮΪ͡
ˮæҶһԣ˵Ǽ£ȴҲǹ¡ʺĸɩҲˣһֱδãԪϴ󳼶з飬еļλȵ֮Ҳ˴
ޡ
ԭǼ̳Ⱑ
Žˮ渵ҶʱȻ
⽨Ϊ£ȴҲǶԹȶӰԶĹ£ǰȷѪġ
ö겻У˳Ұķ飬ʸ̩ٳ谮Ϊ˹ǣҲòɼӣõĿ飬̽⹫Ϊɣ뿪˻ʹܵ
ƾŲߣҲ޲ߣֻҶһЧҲǲá
ȻŮӼҵ²ôµȷ¹شҶҶǰѯʵа취
ҽɡҶһ֮ɫ볤̾æѹߣѾͷҩʯ֢֮Ȭ޷СʵڳϷΧϾ⸾ơǿ
ҽҶʵ
̾һõĸƴ嶼ڻʹ˵áʯŮ֢֮á
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νʯŮ֢֮ҪôûӹҪôǷִа취ƣʱڣȷ
⻹Ҫġʱ򣬼ᰲ廰Щ֮⣬˽ŹĶϺ֮٣ҪһٿƳˡߺߣĳЩ˷޷Ʒ֮󣬿ʼֳڲͼڶص߸֡
Ҷؿˮ
ˮĽҡټһŮ빬ΪΪͶ͢Ů빬֮ȵó谮Ѿ붫֮ͥơ
ʲôҶŵ˵ţĸ²ɫǻ˰ɣߣҲܹܣ
ˮһ㶣æ߸磬ĸȻݣҲǻʵۣĺ󹬣ֻһ
ôԣҶߵ˭˵ʵ۱ԺˡӢ۹ĶǡԲ˵
Ҷæ˰֣ڳӢҵĻȽϣǶǻ̹ұصĽ̹棬˽һѣʲôӡ
˵ףʸ̩ҪȢҶܵ£ҲܲˣȨӸŮλͲҶ̵ˡ
ˮӻھһһҹģ·ǵᷴԻʸ̩Ųֻпܻͬһٴ룬ǴĽҵŮˣٻһԼһŮӡ


619 Ȩ⿼
Ȼ
ں̸֮УˮһҵŮ빬ΪļƻȻֵΪźΪ˼ҹƣҲֻίãҽŮӻԸ飬µĺӹ̵ϥ£缺ȫķ
쳤̾ģƺΪԲԼŮҶ̲ѣûϺ׿ϣˮ򲻿ļƻпƻϺģֻܾʹ˶Ů֮Ĺϵɽˮ֮Ͼʸ̩֮ĸֿģΪ˵˻ʺԼŮ
С˹滮Ҷа̾𣬹˹֣οȴΨû˿ζܻᡣ
ҶıӰ΢΢һ̾ĬֻĬĬش˴ЩľĴȡ
ϺȻװܹǸ׷ɱڷǸ̨֮󶼲ϳɽһǸ֪Ǹ󱳺ľ޴Ӱδһ棬ǵȻҪħľǶ˫ʧȥյȻڰ죬Ҳòȥ
ˮǰһϻ̺ΪҴҴʦЩ²Ҫ߸署һ𣿡
ᰰ˰֣Ը̫ĳЩ̵ҪǸѣȴǳ۵Ϊѣˣмɲֳ֮£ʵ䷴Զ
ͽμǡˮ̾һԼλȴʦ˵ˣԼΣգ϶ܲ˵ǰȣ뵽Լı֮УֻһͻԣԶԶ룬С
̫Ѩ૵Ǹ˵飬һҪȻΣ͢ҲͶҲ°ĸңǽĳ̬κһ˵ĴڣýɰŽĵط
ѧҶĸ֣ѾһֵġҪȰȰҶӣײ뵽Թ֮УҪݡȻ˵Ŀ׷ֺαȥͽأһʧûҶǵĳ͢Ҳòȣݷͻһƶٲĵز㶮𣿡
ˮ֣صͷŵʦ˼һȰ߸磬ݵ׷飬ϧء
סˮĲӣԼǰ˵ͷ޵ǸӣǧҶһɵ¡ȥɣλ߸磬ӦȥãҪءǻа취ôԼŮί
תͷһҶˣ
ҶػѾ׼׵ںԺһ
ᰰ˰֣һǲˣǺӼǺҡˮȥһɣѸý̻Ķһ̣Īκ⡣
ˮһȴ
ǽˮͽλŮӣͬݵһɫŮӣ黭ʫʸ踳ͨŮ˿ΪҪģҲѡԭ򣬻Ϊ뼾߷֮
ھػử֮£֮ΨһͬȱҲ޸ǲػ̫ѧݵĹ򣬾ԲҺò
ˮ֮󣬼᰷ΣվֱֱЩѵ˼΢һ¡
Ҷһ̲סʵǸˡĲ׷ˣϾôһֱҪĻ֣¾ˡɵҲҪˣ
ҡͷ̾ⲻǷʶʱ˷ֲǿߵΪ롮աйأһ׷ѰԼΪĮȫİħŵͷǸĶ䣬ֻˡҵУѡԼĿꡣҪʲô̳ˣˣʵжϡǸ㼶ֻͬ㼶˲ΪԡҶûдﵽԷļ֮ǰԲ¡
᰻ͷһЦҶˣϣ¾Ҫˡǿ֮Ϸǣֻȥ˳ȨûС
Ҷ̾һ૵һ
ǵġᰵһ֣ա̨ףˣûвȡҵֶΣһжڱܽСҪžŭֶͿ̿ûֹ
ǡأҶЩֵ̿ʵλ׵ѵҲ޷ֹ𣿡
Цһʵô֪Ǹ˾Ͳ
Ҷȫסˡ


620 й
ҶõľٶֱڼλڹŮ˸Ÿ
⼸ѹŮǱʺȻҶмøУҲӽʵ۵Ů졣
οõĲ顭
ʵڲһӦùʵġ
ֻҶ鼱֮£˲Щɻ䣬ֱŮٻ÷ѩ֮󣬼Ȱ˵˿ҲҪԼõĲȫ˽һ
ôҲִˣĳЩĿ̶ϣҶҪҽĶࡣ
ڼȰ˵֮÷ѩͬҶΨֱ֮飬Ҳȷ֪ԼԼ˵Ψһ·֮ͬҶ
ɴأĹŮ̫վ˷䣬÷ѩԶ֣һϸϸ˿˼õ󣬵ݸɴ֮Ҷ
ž
Ҷһ˹˿жϡ
ͨ˿߸ܲסҶҶŵ˿ߵȴҲ޷֪̽ڵ
֮£Ҷϸһ룬ͻȻ÷ѩĽ㻹𣿡
÷ѩ۾һЦصͷˣƳ
˵һһСָϸԽ
Ҷ˵ͷ÷ѩæһ˲ڼõϣһ˴ɴʣݵҶ
Ҷȫע˹̽鼾õ
ƾ賬ǿĸ֪ҶǸһBģԺ˲ڵĲͼȷ֮Ҷɵ˿к÷ѩ򵥵ֹ䡣
÷ѩǲŵҡͷٱҶ˵˼֮һʵģ
ġҶ²ҳ棬ϾŮб𡭡
ǡ÷ѩҡҡ촽ңѧϰ
ҲСҶܹȽûʺĵģʹһЩֵҾֻɽѡ֣û⡣
÷ѩ˵ͷֵҾֱӸ˵ĲƷȫ᣿
ȫᡣҶصΪֻṩѡƵķѵĶֶΣȫ֪飬Ӷܾ
÷ѩһЦ˳ЩŮҵ˼ұ㶮
ҶһЦæǡ
Լһ̽飬ּõ֢״Ϊ򵥣ӹЩճ򵥵һι
ҶϻκϣϾҲǸƴ򣬿ƫƫһһýй֢״򵥵һСͽ˲в⣬΢һЩ
ּܹ֢ҶҲԼ㹻ˣҪʲô֮Ĳ֢ˡ
ܹɿŮŮˣ»ٶԻʸ̩ƣҲԼֵܾԲԭ䷢ޡ
˷ܵҪϢ֮᰺ͽˮʱӭȴˮɫƵվ·̨ͤеԼ
ҶԼλ˼ܵİ˵ܣ΢΢һЦ֪ΪζȰҲãǵ°ţҸ㣬ʵԶûô㣬ʺ
Ҷüͷһ壬ֽˮɫһأõγˮδ˵벻ʱвһֲֻ֣̿⣬ַŭ
ҶɫҲȻѿ
ŲһͣҶתһ֣
紵һӰѸ缲磬ɿƮ˳ֱֱվҶǰϥأһ񣬵СӼүү
˾Ȼǻʸ̩̫ࡰСӡ񼱦
겻Ǹ綹ѿһС㣬ѾüĿ㡢꣬жȻҶɹϰ䡿书СӣѾ°ˡ
ʮζԻʸ̩ĴɱҲ·ֶֽ񼱦Լ书ѼţüҲЩɫλҲ˼ǡ
үүеļΪҶ𻰣һ϶񣬰Ȼֱͦ壬¶ɫۡ
̫ۣ
ҶĵһаȻ
ǰԼСӣʸ̩׽֮˵ҲЩջ
ҶĵײˬһϲСӹˡһ˵Ҹýһǧǡ
ʸֻүܳơǧꡱҲֻүۡɫۣүƷߵġ
һ˵ţҶһתͷݺݵ˽ˮһۡ
ĳ͢㸨㸨ĳɹ
СһЦɫȻȻεү˵ЦˣСӾٿҲҴ۰Ҳֻ¾ͳ嶼ˡ
ʲô˼ҶƤһæ׷ʡ


621 ǽ
ҶѯСһЦүĻСǷ˻ʺ
ʲôҶת䡣
Сɫһң촽䶯춼û˵ڡ
˵Ҷǳ⡣
Сҵصǡһɰ籺һƿ׶졭ûʺԼѡСġ
ˣ
Сӻδ䣬ͷԼƮȫȫӿɲǼȫӿ֮Уǿ̺֮ʣѾҶԶס˲ӣݺݹ֮ͤϡ
񼱦¼޵ֵ书Ҷǰ֮ûУĵ׵һ˿Ҷ֧飬Լ죬˷ˣҶǰҲһֻݼ
ٰĻ˵һ飿ҶдδйСӵ˫ۣһƹǿϢѹȵöԷ촽࣬Ϊֹ֮
СӼҪˣͤеĽˮ̾˿ᵲҶǰЦ߸磬ĪҪŭһʲôᡭʦ˼һֶԲߡ
ֶԲߣҶŭһ˦֣СӾֱ˦˳ȥ˼ͷɫϣͣؿԣҶŭȻһۣȵô򵥵£ǾȻܵﻹֶԲߣѵĸһǳ𣿷ĸԸôּ⣿ǲžˣ
ˮεһ̾Ц߸磬㾹Ȼô棬ǻġ
Ҷ۾һؿŽˮ
СӿѵүСĿ֤ȷǻ´ּ⡣ʺ֮ǰϴһܣִ˻ϵĶǡǴ󲻾֮Ľ붫ͥ񣬿ɻʺôҲöֵİڻһͷϣСȡǰҲΪ˻ʺİΣҪǱȡʺΣˡ
ˮĵСӣĺܺáǰ¾ܻŻȥһϺͻʺìܾͲɵͣЩҲǣż֮ϣȶµľ棬ˣ̫ðʧӦڳ͢ݵġ
СӰοܻתġֻҪʺﰲȻҴ˲ȥˣµġ
ˮ͵Сӵļ򣬿Ҷһ󷭰ۣ⸱ҪòģΪۣ̲סǾû𣿾ûڳãҲ֪ԼʶʲôˣһͷڵϵֵǸʲôˣ˵ĸ䣬ͬ⣬λòһͻ᲻һûʲô˵ģԣĵԾ䣬ҲĸǸ޴°籺׶Ļ쵰

ͨ
ͻȻһ죬ͷһȴǼ÷ѩųɢģȴ˼˵Ļܴ̼֮£˹ȥ
ҶԼ޴֮£Ȼûз˽ӽ
æҵؾã˶ǴΪûڡ
˵ǲģ÷ѩ̧˼ãֱӺʣʸ̩ĺҪҽ㣿Ųȥ嶼ɱ
Сһʱˣȴ۾˵һ˵ϡ
Ҷ̾˿÷ѩ˵ЩͷϣҲóڵġĸԲ£һΣգпܱ˿ˡ
һŵı飬Ҷ΢΢һЦǲңû衣һϤˣǿáƱ䡯Ļ˽ʸ̩ǸҾĵ֣Ҳǣ˵ܣ˽ǣǡʸ̩жãҲ֪ȴ֪ٻҲ̶ȡ
˵öԡ
һȴӲԶӵĲ£̩ɫ˹ӵĲץסҶļһֳˮʲôֵܵ岻䣬۵ʲôҪԼֵܡߣϰˣҾţĵܾԲ´Ҹȥ嶼ȥ
һ˵ţһ߳ŶҪ
ˮһΣλǸĳҲǸӣԵĴʣʵڰѳÿ̫ˡ
ڻʸ̩ǷıϣǱŽŵ̬ȣԼڼѧһУǡԱ񡱣һһӵȻøҰģһܵѹʹۣ̬֮£ͻԽԽ
ﾺϷ
Ҷ뵱ȻšԱơֹһ˵ÿ˶һ棬̰Ƶɳ£ɫһ㶼
ȻЩ˳ΪֵܣԴĿϵȷűʵĲͬ


622 
Ҷ̩ļ΢ЦģһȥġɩڼҰĵǵĺϢ
̩ۣҶĵ˵֮µ˵ͷ֪֪ǵ׸ˡһҵǷݴģһֱ
Ҷص˵ͷתͷˮСӣȻ׼ɡ嶼
ǼìܣѰ·ˮγ̾
Ҷʳָڽˮǰ֣µصǵһΣҲϣһλԼֵܡУһҾ˼룬粻һ˵磬Ҳһ֮Ե磬絽費Ҫһʵͳⶼǲһ¡ԶҼסʸֵ̩ܣǻʵۡ
Ҷ˵仰תȻȥͽȻĿɿڴĽˮ
Ǿ䡰粻һǵҪһʵۡĻİѽˮŵˣȫ߸׳Ļ֪
ϲҪʵۡ
Ƕô˼뷨Ƕô治뷨
ôԼλֵ뷨Ϊ֤ͨױȵȷЩطǰհԣԶԶýˮҶĻ˺桭
ףûлʵ۵磬ģ
ûлʵۣǲĿУ

뷨һĵףԽ룬Խǳ֦ѿ
һ㲼ԺץӸεҪҶϸʸ
ʱҶѾԶСæܹѯʵү
Ȱ߸˵ˮƬ̣תȥȥ
˵꣬ˮҲҴҵسżӵС¥ȥ

֪鴦õļã֮༸ʧȥǣѰٻšȻҾĻõĴҹ㣬ʱһũ帾ŮûκεĲͬ
˵˵ǰҲѰ̼Ȼͬת嶼һᣬټǸˡ
Ҷ̾˿׷ȰŮŮɩ㲻Ҫ˵˵ļƣп˼ٴʥּݺǷ޸飬Ҫ棬ˡ
ÿ޵滨һ۾һ˵öԡ̩ôҵġ
СüǰҪǻʵ۵ּ⣬ȴҶݺݵһۣæ첻ҳ
ҶʦһĴȣʦ˵öԡһҪȥǸ꾫ˣߺߣûһöҪð
ŶӦ𣿡ò쿴˹ȥӦôܶùǸС
ѽ
Ҷʱͷ
ʦһ˵ģũŶСһף˵컨׹Ҷ岻죬̲סŭһͷ󺹵Ĵʦ½һۣҲܹܣ˵ʲôûʺ޶ͷ۾
½֣һҶߵڱȥǶȺ鼤ܵģСǻ
̫˰ɣʦ֣Ҷҧгݵص
½ŭбϣˮ
˵һ˦䣬ֱһԣͷڹ꣬Ҷһĵı飬½֣λСʦиõļ⡭
ৡ
ŭݵŮˢˢŭ˹ȵСʦܣ˵ǵļƻô
ǰļŮԣʦзҵ÷ѩͼãǲǵ
Ҷ亹ֱðæһ̴Ĵָʦ˵ûǵһʱ䣬оλȥϲԷ׼˻ʺٶпܲȥһҪƵ룬ӻȥʦ
˵úáŮŻȸԾ
Ҷ亹Ҷһ٣½üŪۣЦ

Ҷһ̾ûеˣ˽εΣ
ʸ̩Ǳ˿ǣôĶ֣ʵ̫ˡ
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Ҷ۾ҲǸʺ磬ҿԽƶȡڸѡٺ;ܡ
ܵˮȻҶ֪Լⷬ¶һӡһ죬ӻѿġ


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631 ֮

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һͬѷɫҶٵЦڿҶĺϢؽһͬʱΡ
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Цδ䣬ҶѾӰһռ䲻غһ£űԳˡЦЦǵӰӯһɽϵĴۣ֮Ҷңңԡ
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Цɫʱ䣬Լɱ͵ϮˣⱲΪ֮£ʱҪҶ֣˾˰ꡣ۾΢΢һУҶ㲻ɵİɣ
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ЦǹһЦûСҲʶˡ
˼ҶҲɵЦĲ볯͢ˡ
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ͬʱҶҲɶֱ˶ϵЦǡ
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Ҳֽˮ˵ĴĴ⣬עĵжԵĴ⡢ҡȴϣʣµĽҲ˽ҶˣȫѾΪ°ܽҴ;ɳʱ޿̲ٵųзֻҪ׼һʱ㽫һĽ
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639 ̫ǰ
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ֲһ˶ûУԭĸŻʵۡ
һХӻʹڴӰɣʵĹ֮ԳӰ
ϹչЦЦݻꡱ·˲һţǡ˯ΡİԼˡף
һĿֺġЦЦǴЦá̫ƬԵҶҵȹʱǲҪ˰ɣ
ҶһЦδ𻰡
һġݻꡱ·﷢ײġաЦɭȻҶһսϷ棬ûгɱɣ벻㾹Ȼ˼ѣߺߣ³ɺޣһһɡ
Ⱥ˫ĿɨҶδףʯŭ𣺡Ҷģװʲôͷڹ꣬ΪԴǸ𣿲浶ǹؽ
Ҷڴʱ翵ش˳λյĻ룬ԸĽãҲҪԵˡ
⼸λüͷ壬̲סһҶڡ̫ƫƫ޷ȷλڣʵڹĺܡ
ЦǿЦҶǾܻ㣬Ǵ治˵ΪС
ʱڴһкãΥĽʦ˵ļǡҶ㾹ȻԼֵּܵⶼأ޾޸ҿôһ
Ҷ̲סЦĽΪԼļ޷䵽ϣ㻹ﾡð
Ҷ˻һ˶ʱһŵػ࿴һۣ벻޷ļƲ߾ȻҶ׿ơ
Ľһ٣ЦҶǲŻʵ۵ּඣ
װ⣡ҶȵΪϲʥ̾Ǹ𣿾һļǿҺӸصģҵ㰡Ľħŵ湦ʥ̾ĶϱҲϡ棬벻㻹б޸˵ĵ
ϹһսҶʥ̾˫ۣҲ˵ĵٲܺˣǼʥ̾лʸ̩ȫƣȻ˵ĵҲ޸»ع顣
Ľ麣һûд𻰣һεΡȻʮ̾һ𣬡Ҷǹ֣۸ūˡ
Թųųֻһ죬˻ͷˡ
˵Ĺ˫ֻһ仰ݶϵļλ֣Ҳ¶һ˿ɫڻı顣
Ů¼Ҷûܹ˫Ĺ
Ҷһ̾ϢУȷ˶ԷָʵͬʱҲӶԷЩֵĿУжϳ˶Էָԭ
ҶһתЦҵĽʲôıܹ޸ԭŮѨµΪеǿΪ֮ߺߣֻѨ̫֮ӲѨش˷˵ǻˣ
Ҷ˵仰ʱңɵġѻ󷨡ֻҪԷһشͻڡ
ʱһڻʸ̩ߡ
Ȼ
Ҷһ˵ҪڣȻʶغʵ㡭ô֪
һսҶŰ׼ֵħü𺳡ʱҶһʰĹؼʱʧܵͷٴȷ־岻Ƶظͷ

Ҷáѻ󷨡ץסеĿ϶˲ڣŽһ٣Ϊһ˻ʹڡ
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ҶһͬʱҲʱϹչЦǷ֣˵ͬʱҶ


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ҶӰĹ㳡λã˲ԳһȫĿռ䡣
ЦϹչĺһƻڼСķΧ֮ڣﵽ˶ȫĿֲزҲ̫˼ΪصӰ졣
ҶӰ˸ţֱڻϢ֮ɢɾͷӶûʣ£ϹչЦǶȴһ󺰡ϵ
ȻǵӰҶá貨΢ļþŭĵ˿Ϸķ֮£ȫȡһ˿ķ϶
ģЦǴͬһʱ䣬ϹչѾΪһɺ磬ֱ˹ڡ
ʱ򣬳˻ʸ̩֮⣬Ҷȥκεط
˵ϹչжǼΪ׼ȷġ

Ŵ飬Ҷƴ룬ֱӴ롰̫λΪܵĵطǰٿȻӰ׷ɣӭһϮͬʱһϤڶҶСȴˣ

ҶָһĽʱɢ֮˷ǵûгԾһЦ¶ı顣
Ļ壡
쵰ˡ
Ҳ֣Ҷͺһֵȴ飬浶նգ֮ʮ浶ͬһĻ壬ͬʱһ٣ӭŶԷؿھһš
ǰ󲻹ϢĻֿҶӭһֱӷ˳ȥ˳ƻײ˷ţеļ
Ҷһ֪Ļ岢ûпֶΣҲΪ˰Լǹ⳷ˣһԿԼɱ
ĻһˣǰֻʣĽ˶ԶԶ֮ϣʸ̩ӵϣһ
ֻһƳ֮䣬Ҷѷʸֽ̩˿״ֻ̬ŶŹء
Ҷŭ벻ĽôȻ߱
Ľ
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վסĽ˫Ŀ죬ŭҶ
Ҷվûǰһʸֽ̩벻صĻҾ档
һ˦䣬ҶһָǰĽ͸ˣ
ˣĽЦһŵʱǸҲŶ԰ɣ
δ䣬һƾϮϹչٶһ˴ǹζĽ࣬һɿ磬ЦϵסҶ֮·
Ƿ׷ɣӰ㿣͡ݻꡱ·Ļ壬ԼͶŷɡ֣٣㡢ؽҶ˸ʵʵ
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ҶЦɫһŭĽȴϹչʹ˸ɫûз
ҶȻĽĹǰԼˡ
ʱ·Ⱥ鼤ܣҶ֪ֵѵĻ
ЩĽǰ¶ģоĸѹҶһԼĵԡ
ҶΧһȫĽΪ𣿡
𣿡Ľһ°ͣڳζԡ
ҶһȲʤȯĽҰģҲֶΣѲ⡣Ųţǧһǵķ֮£ɱ㡭ңţ￴Ƹͬһߵ˵У˰Ͳ㼫ȥܹȡ֮
Ľ䳰ȷɫʱһ
Ҷһ˵ʹ￴ͬһߵˣʵΪ˳͢ģԸЩвҰļңγܹȡλá
ͱվǰľˣԼ˻ʵ۵áѡ
ҶϮɱ˵׼ϹչͻˮöԷɱԼ
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ĽҲǴˣҶܻ뿪ԭ򣬼ᶨȺͬľġ
ϹչҲɫһµҶСѾͲضˣͷҵȹϵߺߣ֪ʵۣӦ֮ߣǧǶŶ㻹Բðɣ


641 ݹ
ϹչۣⷬǶҶ˵ģĽ̬ȡչ¶ġ
Ϲչ̬֮ⷬĽɫȻúÿ࣬ѹڻʸ̩ʺҲΪ֮һɣǶϹչǰĻʾ㹻Ρ
ĽһЦҶһܺ棬ΪϷҪЮɣ㿪ۡ˵Уͬʱžž֣֮һҺ·ŵӽ
ھλİ֮£һۡòʸ̩߷ƣΪ˽Ľһ֣ʮุ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ŵضˡ
ۣ˸°ϵĶ֮⣬ʼʸ̩һ޶˿ҶĿ˲мͳԵôҶϵñˣŶ˴ˣޡҶڣӦóƺΪˡ
Ҷ۾һϳԷ㣿ʮӣʸ̩
ʸ̩壡
ҶԼֶвʸ̩ɫٿȻͨ죬ȵȻʱЩ쵰ɱΣȻλʮЦ۳۲ŸɣұĶǧ򱶣ҪǣҪвȸʣı⣬λ
ԭ㣡
ҶһеһУĽ֮ôĵӣҿƻʸ̩ҷϵʵۣʹ¶֣ʵ˱ĻҳԱ֧֡
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һֱҶ˶ӵоԾĶӡӺ߻ӵҪ֣ڲƽǱ֧߷Ǹͷ֮󣬱뵱ȻΪʸ̩ԸˣԴȵµӼΪݣ鸽Ķӻʸ̩šӻʸ̩;Żӡʸ̩ɣõƴ
û뵽ᡢȥΪʸ̩ϵΪǢʮ壬Ȼʱ̶ûзϵλĽң͸͢
ˣʮʸ̩ؾڽϣпܵлʸҵӰӡ
ͨ˵㣬ҶĿɨʸ̩ӣоΪõµͬ𣿡
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ҶɫԽԽѿλ֤ˣ˭
ĽЦøӲָָԼЦҲǵ󳼣
ϹչһߣҾޡ
ūҲǻ׹ݣؿڣεε˵
𣿡Ľ˵ĻٸҼ֤ˡŶȵ˭ԸΪϷ֤
ҵԸ⡭
Ƕˣǻʸ̩ܣλõģ
ûҵȽԸ֤

ָ󺰣вҶʶİ׵ɡʦ֣ٵִԼͬһӪһ֮
ĽЩ˺Ͷ˶ԷΪľȡ档ƹĺ٣ɽ˵ǣգĽǱΪ飬ҶģҲǡ
ɽƢ𱬡ò˹վڲԶȭͷ߬죬ϳЦɵһ̾ҶСѣͬһߵķϣҵһȰΪ´壬㻹ǽ˰ɡ
ҶĪִԲ򣡡˵İҲһĵȰĽүġơΪ²ǺοɺҴΪأ뿪ִɺŷ⿿ЩСܹܹչ
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ҶŭɶһСˣұ죡Ҳ´²Ǹ߸ϵ̰ʳ˶󡭡ǣ
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϶ҶֱϵĻʸ̩
ҶУȻϹչЦǣ񻯾ϹչԺһֽԲ̣дǹ˽ɫЦԺֱţ˫ּһš
ͬʱŭһأһӺ󹥻ϮֵҶ
̫ٴӭΪпĶ񶷡
˸һӴҶ˫һǰһϹչЦǶԺһͬʱϹչԶʯ棬ȻӼΪϸСķ϶дһɺ̣һֻӡϹչĺ󱳡

˵ͻȻ͵ϮҶһʱ䶼ûܲοʶǶȫҶϹչ


642 ɵȼ
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Էֵ˲䣬Ϲչ˺ҶѾϳˡ
һΪеԭһֱھϣҵ͵Ϯֵʱ
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һƵľ죬Ϲչط˳ȥѪͬŵĺ컨
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񻯾ĹͲߣɱ˳ҵĹֻһ֮䣬ͻᱻٵȫѨй©
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յҶȴԽˣֱӵǰ
ȻһɨˡĽͻʸ̩ѪˣҶһӣݺס²֪Ļʸ̩ųݶɳˡ̫
죬ס
Ľ˲ǱѪҲǰǱקסû׷ָ֣ȴѾӿų˵
Ҷסʸ̩һУʱϰƬƯǰŵһƣʮơЯƥϰƬΪԶʯУХնӿĵˡ
ֵҽпͬʱ𣬵϶ʱһƬѪ׷ɣ֫Ѫưô棬ֻ˲ʮ˵
Щָűоǰһһʱ侹ȻȴҶŭʱĿ£ô׵һ̤˹Źء
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׵ıǺɽŵ˹Կ׳˶ͷ˫ȭչ͵ػȭǰӲҶһǾ޸ƬǿĺֱӱƬ˫ȥɾ룬ֱӱ䵽ܱԵվվס˽Ÿûˤµ
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ͬһʱ䣬˹ҲסҶƵ˲䣬Ȼڹϣһرۡ
׹צ飬Ҷȴ̫Ѫȣʶʹãպ޼Щ侮ʯİ׵Բֳ飬ȺۣͬʱҲáϵѪҺóԺÿһ㣬ҲŪһѪȡ

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ɱȻˣ񻯾ֵԾУϵЦǻǲһοԷԱ߻Сݻꡱ·˯εȸֵİ֮䣬ȫ·磬ڸǶĿܡ
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ЦǲֵҵԱ֮ҶסɱŻʸ̩𣬼ʧ۴αȵĹȺ֮С


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ŷĴ۱֮⣬һȵĲۣҡҡλε߹˵յִڣűصԼסȻ˯
֮ڣҶʸ̩õǰ֮ϣ˫ץŻʸ̩˫㣬ĽӿȪѨ߱ơ̫Ԫ񹦡ʸ̩ڵаа裬ľٶСĽ
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йؼʱûκ˸һ˷֣ǸĲۣп˵Ŭȫ׷ϡ
ҶϢѹм͵ǣϣԼġϵ֮ϣһһɢơ
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Ҷζӳ£һʱ䲻֪˵ʲôǺá

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644 ȼݹ
ΪôҶ־ɵʵ㱨뷨αͶħţħ޲Ӧȫ
һţΪ˱𣡡Ȼ̲סҾ˾ǰȥǺݶظͷ­һѾˣѾˡŵֻСɱܱҵ壻Ϊ˱𣬾ᣬҲϧ
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ҶԹŶԷδķʽЦһʱ˵һ仰
ޣѾһУҲԼŮΨһһݣȴľܾڳ޵ĺг磬ʲôʸҪԷأ
ҶֻܻοЦҪ𡭡Ҳ㣬԰㡣ֻϣ㲻ҪֻΪ˱Ҫðա
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˫§ʵҶȫʧȥƽʱ侲ƣ֮ովȻ㣵ǽȻͬ龰
ҶеıʹǷĵģȻܸ̾һҲȥֻǳ⡣ο㻹ã
Ҷŵ뿪һ϶§ȻҸҲᡢҲҪǷݳһ𱳸ңעǹһˡ
Ҷʪ͸һ˫ָ֪źãֻ˵ҿ԰㡭
ʧһЦһҶؿڣ뿪ǸůطסؿڵƣܲҶǿҵһ䵭鷳ֺαաҵĳ𣬲Ҫ˰æ鴦꣬÷ѩ뿪Ľɣ
ӲתҲϻͷֱ⣬һΣҰȳ˻ʸ̩ҽ񻯾ҴԹѾǷһ˵Ǿ仰Ҫֹұ𣬾ҶӸ磬ҲԲ飡

Ʈɣ⣬ߴ飬¶覵¹⡣
¹УƮȻɣȻȥ
ҶԶԣĿֻǾ¼ŵıӰϣӿд
μʱǸȴǿŮҲزˡ
ҶƣΪһ̾ϢþòϢ
ͬʱͬһ̾Ա
ʵʸ̩˫ۣһЩɤûһ˿ţѯʣǸֵޱȹĵĻʸֻ̩ҪԸȢʱԱɱ
Ҷ֪Լոչ֮ûãѾˣ֮ĶԻЦҡͷ鲻ǽסκҶԽܣΨ鲻ԡԲ𡣡
ҶȻֻ֪ҪͷͲ뽭ֻԸǽģ¸÷ѩһˣҲԸ⡣
ҶԸô
Ϊɲֻ÷ѩ
ֻΪ˿ͽǶݸĲ
Ҷ㡣ʸ̩˷ϣԼֵ΢΢һЦΪãҲҲǷ˻ӵݣǧܵôʱһжܷµġ
أҶЦʵ
ʸ̩һЦһҴδӺ
ʸ̩ʵĵȻǼá
ҲδţẦ
𣿡ʸ̩ʵ
ܺáҶ⼸վ͵ˡ
סʸ̩ܻ
Ҷؿʸ̩
ʸ̩һ⣬޵ŮˣĸµĻʺôصôۻĵطǸ裿ܵðѹɾܽؼң
ʸ̩Ȼ̾³ǽ֮˴󶯸ɸꡣӥ˱һˣ򱱷ң˱һˣϴҡ룬ܳ£ֻҪûд󶯸ɸ꣬Ľͻʸ̩СӾͲаǷ
ҶһЦֵܣһ
ãֵܼʸ̩죬ǿشӵվǿ̾ҵѣΣٺ٣оΪԶǣȴֵܱѵľ涼Թ
˵ʸ̩΢΢һΣˤ
Ҷæǰá쳤ؾóΪԪ
ߵܣֵǡʸ̩ծʱˡ


645 ս֮
ʸ̩ԪأҶϢټλֵܿټ֮󣬱γ˯˹ȥ
һ˯һ졣
֮ټеȫ롣
ȵԴޣṦ߾գûյҶټ֮ǰ嶼űǽˮᡢСӺͶɢʯŴӵĴӵϢһʱ÷ѩҶʦֵԼͬСʺá
ƻе֮⣬ҶһЩ˵ĵϣһֱ丸ۡȵķԸ걸¥嶼ˣյҶټ֮ԷЩ˼˼³ļӣϣͬʱشˣҶ˼ľϲ
Ǿа塣
һԴӻصޣһֱежԷ󣬼˶޵ͳһʹݻصԭԭƳɹ뻹û嶼˳͢еһЩʣʶǰϣͷ
ټȻ룬ɵһ֧ͬԮ
Сӥչֵʱ˸̲ס
硭Ҷɵǰһӵʸ̩Ҳǰסչ˫֣Цʵ·Զôϻģ
չһЦڱżĻϷ˺ͿȻĽҵҾ֪϶ǳˣǣﻹָӴ̣ʲôҶһߣܾܲ㡭
ֵܼ˶ӿȻЦ
ˮֵ˵硢߸綼֮ǰּĸ籾⣬ƫƫʱĸߵֵܣȴû˿ɡ˵Լλˡ
˺ȻЦ
ʸ̩ˮļ򣬰οǵ԰ҵҲûϵĽᣬĿ֮£ŮȻ֮ԭΪĽĹ鸽ȥǳԿŶ裬ȴ˼Ұģһ׼ǻϯġʧߣ˵޹ء
˻ʸ̩øȰοˮɫԻһ㡣
ۡ
ʱ򣬡Сӡ񼱦ͻȻͨһڵϣʵūŲãҲûүūŵûðݲ´ͷ
ʸ̩һ̾æȥοСӡ
չĿɨˣδаٴʺ򣬼Դ޺аֶۿ죬بڶм䡢˵ĳޣڰԷɢˡ
ʸ̩׿Сӣ˻ʶ⣬ϻ̳Ͽֵشֹ
չ֣ʾ˰ʱüǾģĽıй¶ûڲκ˵
һĬˮڴʱڵʱᡣĽġơǺģԻԣɺͶ߶ͶоΪףᣬǲƴһ£׷ġ
аʵȻ׼ٻӥԴ棿
ʱ۷׷ףΪͬ
ȻĽڳվ˽ŸҲдӵھǱڣӥĶʮһϸ¡
ʸ̩һɡһƱ´ҡ
ˮͬĸ˵Ķԡ¸ոƽĲȣвɸ꣬벻ʰĽ׶Ρ
ͬͷ
ʸ̩οص˵ͷԼةѡܹʱԼ뷨һ¸еңʵϰˣ˵˵ǽӦô
ˮ˹֣һΣͻϮǺıһһɱ߲ʣֻҪĽ;ļλֱһŤתǬ
ͻϮ𣿡չʵԷͲȥ
Էлʸ̩ʥֻּҪܰѻʸ̩ɵ¾û˭ܱȻʸ̩ʸϻλ
ҪһʦǼλԴ޿̽һʦ˾ǰ˾ͽ壬Լκ޾κǬλİæɾʮþˡ
ҹζ࣬ûʱٵˡʱҶɫȻص£ˡҪ㽭أϹչȻսǲϰ׵ҵսҵҪϹչҲӦս
һԣ˶ǵһ
һսֻ¾սˡ
ҶӮˣЦڵľһս֮ҶҪˣԼһɾ̽ˡ
ȻҶ鼫ΪգڳȴûһҶ䡣
ôչʵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦŵܼ򵥣Ȼսˣ
ڶա
һϢٿȻ䶯֡
嶼Χĸʳǽһֱ嶼ĳ佫ۼ̫͵ǰһ׼ָʫռݡ
Բ֮ҹϽ֮ۡһɡ


646 ս֮
ҶĹսȻĽһǸΪϾսغǷΪͳҲΪǵ⡣
ҶûսĶ󣬵ܹҶһսģϹչЦǺ͡ݻꡱ·֮⣬߽ԲǶ֡
ʵ񻯾ĸ֣ײΪȨðգϹչЦǲͬΪǿͻ񻯾֮ǣԪز㣬ѾӰĵز
ΪֲľԪҪĵرΪӳпٴ׷Ѱ۷壬ĵرѾԶԶһɵֻ͢
Ľ֮ĺǻڴ˵㣬ԣҶս֪ΣգҲò֡
һ֮䣬ϹչӦսҶϢ㴫¡
ͬʱˮ硰ޡҲĵϢԭѹƺԴĽʹڽҲ𽥹齨ĺǣͷ֮£ĽĳγҴ塢Լ³֮ͥĶž档
˫Լɵڱγƽȵľ档
Ϊ˻ʸ̩ˮý⴫޵ּ⣬𣬳֮⣬нκθйǩѺԼӣֱµλΪֹ֮ǰĽվͬһߵĳд󳼣ֻҪھսڼ䲻ΪŰ޶Լ̣ھڼ䲻׼뿪ۡ벽ΪŰߣݹֽ飬ӵһʱպҲһ㣬ɱۣųն
һ̣ǳָоʸ̩ٷǰλúͿ֮ˣ˴Ŀߣ֮
ּˮ
Żʸ̩󲽶ȥıӰˮмΪܡ
Դ޲ʵʱָӽǸ绢Ϊýԭز
չԽ͵µı嶼в㽫죬ӵġǻȨʱĽͻʸ̩С
Դ޾ȵѵǻ췴ɣ
ǵڡҲɵӡչ̾΢ӣԷЩͬһߵĳд󳼣Щӣǻվǰֻͬĵĳɨһա
ֹˡԳ֣µľмϵãˮ̾˿ģǿġͻʱһҪᡣ
˼ҪأԴʡ
ˮʼ磬ֻܿˡﻹӡĺүӻһֱûϽɡ
ʸ̩̾һΪˣҲŸӵĺүİȫϣĽ;˲գҲֻܴɱˡ
ˮȰοϷģĺүӵλӶ߻ͺƹҲڡ
ԭͨ绨ฮ⻹аĺڵλӣ˵ӦӦ֮κθˡ
ǾֻҪϹչЦǣȥҲ
ʸ̩ڣ˶˿
ԴȴǴ°ͣβ
а̫øһﴩһӣβ΢΢һЦʵ㹷յĲִʲôɣ
ô᣿Դ޵ɴ˫ҡͷ
аײɵһ֣Сһ룬Ҿ֪ҪʺǷƨ˵ǲǴ⣿
Դ޴֣̲סһסѵļ򣬵˽ҡô˵Ľ˵ﶼȫҪҪһ͵
Ȼа˵ͷһȥ뻢ڣ
һһֱԶ͵壬ҲͻȻ廰Ҫͬ⣬ھͽҷǡ
Դ޺аһۣ̲סͬʱ֡
ɫ
Բ֮ҹһ졣
ŷԼһзԺʱ̣Ѿ١
ʱС뼭³ӦӹﴫϢһ磬һ֪ĸּ뵽˻ʳ޹֮УǧˣҶŽϿ
Ǹ˲ɵһ
ʸ̩üСӵЩĽԭŽǷܣ
СӹūˣЩһԳӪûκнӴ
ˮʵǻɣЩ˲Ľҵǡ
ʸ̩һһĽϵпǻٵĴڸ֡
пܡ
ʸ̩Ǳ˽ҵĽĸȥɱ֧ǵĳ͢ԱȻѸһɶ
ˮ룬ϣ¡
ʸ̩һұȴǵҶɡ
˹һЦĿȫеҶϡ
ҶһЦĿ⣬ͷߵЩ


647 嶼
ˮϣϣȥ֮󣬻ʸ̩ˮ˵ܣáޡ֯ڼҪλãֹ͵ϮôԱݺǣͬʱҲҪֹЩһﹷǽƻҪָ࣬ЩǱҪܵϣǧ֮֡
ˮ۾һæ˳ȥ
˲ɵð޻ʸ̩СĽȷ֮ࡣ
Ҷĸо԰ѻʸ̩ӹŹسչ¶һӢˣʮ㣬Ͷ㣬һһг˼š
ʱʼҲǱһ·̧ϻʵ۱С΢ǸһˣҶλֵڽѪɱηǿȨĻʸֻ̩ˡ
Ҷ̾һѵڵƷĽȻһԷҲɱ嶼ǾҪ裬пĵжҲ嶼
ʸ̩ʵ
Ҷ˵ͷĽ׳־֮£²лٵлʸ̩ܻʵֻۣ»иĺСпܵģǽӥıҴˣǰӥɡ֡ڽĽ̸һΪԷֻ֮ΪЩʡߺߣڿĽıԶǴʱѾʼˡֻҪԭһңӥԴĴؽһ·£ռأʳģӥڶ֧Ԯ嶼ΨһָܹӾӿⱱҴңѾǿʱ´ҡͿ̿һ¾󡭡
Ҷһʱ˶¶һı顣
ˣԭֻٴ붯֮С
һεľսҲҪӮҪشԷ֡Ҷ֣صԷһأһ뷽跨ȡϵرĸ磬Ϊȡֵʱ䣡
չ𡢶ɢʯ˶һۣᶨİɣһΣֵͬ
ʸ̩һһסֵܵļ򣬼ᶨǾͬ϶ṲΪһΣʤһǡ
չ𡢶ɢʯʸ̩Դޡа塢Ҷ˵Ƶһս

ʱ
嶼ڽ֮УϵľȻ˵ĹעʱĽֵȴһ˶ûУֻżм³̫Ǵ¾صѲӡ
ùΪڽͷβЩ˵Ĺз㱻ɱѺ³ѶųļҲޡ
һСԺ¥֮սıĬĬŻʳǴš
ˣԶϣݺݵһ䣬֮ڣһԸŮƺΪţɱһӶʮ˵ĳ֣ɷ˵״˸ŸŮһС
ǸŮƺЩɫЩɫĴ𣬴֮ͥ±Ѿʼˣֻģ̫ɫ࣬ݺݵһ˱סȵϸ
УҲܲܣϣܲס̽뻳ͳ˷źŵͭͲ
Աһѹס֣
ϣֱ£ָΣụ̆
ط˸ۣӻͳһССľӣһ˻ΣֻǺ֮䣬СҵʮˣִķΧȥһָʾ£ٿȻţֻһ棬ͽеĳŮӾһֱӱ˹ȥʣµĺ˿ǰ崺ЩڣȻʵŮӱ㳷ȥ
ϣһ棬̲סҪ
һۣǽ߼ŻеĶ㼶𲻹
ϣʱһƲ죬ҪϵŰڵ˴ƣҪڽڵļ𲻱͡
ѵһЦһ£ָָʬͷʬ»Ϊǹؼʱ̣𲻱Ҫĳͻ㿴
ϣһ㶣̧ͷȥȻʱĽͷҳһţһӳҴҸ˾ִӲͬӿ⼸ֵΧ
ǵˡϣɫɵһ
ǵû¡ֻΧļ񻧻ᱻǣ³˻Ҵɱ¾ԹɣҲûӱQЩǣڻлȳ
ϣƵƵͷĿһɨ䣬ȴͻȻסص˵ġ³ɱ¾㿴Ǳʲô
΢΢һ㶣תͷȥֻʳǴŶƮ֮£һǧ֮ڵ飬˻ʳǣֳɣɱ
⻹Ǵɱ¾ôֵܲİɣϣ
׳գһҪԳ͢Աˡȥ棡
սǰϦ嶼ҡ


648 ɱس
ĺǽͷӭչ죬˻˺֮λֳڸ״ԣֻСƹ񡱺ͨ͡ɮ绨һվǽͷңǧӭĴ
Ʈ£һǧ֮ڣһɫȻûеһʱĺۡ棬ҲۡΧ˸ʵʵ
ǿȫһģ̶ͻ졢ȧǵԽģԭʿ
ɫ֮žףһѹŹ䵶һٶܣдͲոͣסƣһţǺЩʿ׷󣬴ǰں󣬾ֱ׼˸ǽϵĺۡ
䣬䣡
ͷϵǸꡢսıۡĻҲٶˣ̸ǽԺԵֵ
ڸ֮ۡǰһСС˺ӾȻγһǺӣֵխƣչԷĽ˼š
ϮȻҲ֪֮ˣûаԼ޵ıɢ˷ǽе˸ۡ棬ֻЩǣõıֻһţǺ죬䣬˫ս̱
ɱ쳹ء
ϮԽֵһʱ㽫񻧵ķݲЩԽʿڼϣڹڻ£Щľʯѵ˺֮ϣܿССʧȥá
ɼٶܺ͹ڻҲаԽֱںӰ֮ߡ
˺ӵʧȥ֮󣬶Էģǿ֯صĶǽڻǽһ뵽룬зĹǽͷϵԱɱˣԷиΪεĴǿԲ̽ͷֱƵķ϶͵ϮԷĴͿо綾Ѫֻʱ䣬ĺۡ˴
ۼǽҪƣһУɮ绨ǿƺͻֱǰĸֹ޴ȺХž磬ֻһɨӭǽʮԽֱ֣ӻΪѪ飬ǿɳȥͬػǹһ㣬ѺܼȺɨһƬˡ
绨ЦһŲǰһ֮ǰԽֵʱӦֶɣ
׼ٴλӻʱһɺ£һסһȡ
ǿĳ㵴ڶһƬյء
绨ĿбӣĿӣǳһɭȻȣЦ𡭡㾹ˣ
þòУ𻺻̧ͷӢ¶аЦݣܿǸҶһҪϣٵң
ϣ
˫ֽݺĦ𻨣˺ݺݶţ绨ƾǿӲƺɾ룬һһΰ䣬ð⣬ػΪһζڵϣסȥƣɼˣɫҲࡣ
绨ЦһȻ뿴֣б»ʱ𣿡
䡪
֮绨ǰ֮½һֱһĲС¥ϰգŻ⿪аЩŻһ׹ס绨ߡ
绨һʨ𹦡γɵľ޴ˣֱӽ׹ɢ¶հ׵գ֮Ļȴʧ
绨΢һЦһһ֧ĽֱӲʡ
ɫǺΪԼоõɱڵֶ˷ܲѡ
ֻЦݸոţת˲˾ȡ
ǰѱġ񽣼˫ִ󽣣ƴ绨ڣʵȴǱԷĻӲ۶ϣ绨ƿ֮£ƽһǿûܵ˿˺Ƥûһ㡣
绨һסֽ˫֣𾪿ֵǰЦСӣ绨үүĻ𣿾û򵽰벽񻰵ľ磬үүĻ񹦣Ųѷɫķ
꣡
绨ݺݵһ󣬻ֹǱʱ쳹ÿ˵Ķʡ
ҽ֮𣬻ɫ쳣֣绨ЦŴǰһ˫ץסԷļ򣬾Ҫֵܾõļš黨
ۿҪС꣬ʱѾ˲κκֱӿڽµ죬ңҲҪҡ
飡
绨ҪЦԷ˲䣬ȻһɿϮֱӽ˳ȥͬһڵֱʵǽ֮ڣĺߴɵĺǽҵһƬǽͷǾһ˰գҵֱ˹ȥ
һϮġİͥŲһ˹ҲڽԵĻߵߣ¶첻áǿǴǺķϣֱӱ˻˲źá
̶ʱľȻֱд󳼳֣ŭ߽ĳ͢ĺ


649 ฮ
ھս֮ǰʹĵϮɱ͢Աľٶ˾ٲΪ߽ĳ͢ĸҶģ̼ҹս֮ʱľ
ʵҶȵزõ̬ھսΪҪ
ʱ˿̣ܹλֵģֻһҶ⽫λɢ֣ҶҪǲ棬Ǽλ͢Աɣǳ֣ȴעҪߣװ˷ܷվ
ҲֻĽǸһó
İһƻ绨Уһ˿Цֱ̧࣬ĺۡ

שʯɣ绨з𣬸ϵשʯͬƼ׵һХ
İһ벻еĻȻӲԼһ֮󣬻ܷ
ӭשʯİɵһЩƳǰһչԭǰһߺĻʱǿ񣬴שʯ죬ȫ˻֮ϣǿ߶
İҲɵ΢΢һ벻дȻǿˣҶ֮⣬ƽ֮ˡ
שʯ֮ϣûݵİ𿪣绨Ѿһ˶дȲŽɫһʽΤƷ͵ǰ
שʯ̼䱻ûΪ촷ۣ֮󷽵ĻҲ飬Ⱥ谭س֣ݺݵصİؿ
İӭ紵뷢ţΪ֮ͬһӭֱӷס˴ȵơ
绨Ľɫİɫ޻εײһ̻ͬ翪γһ޴ĻǣΧܲԽʿ˲ڱǰ÷飬İҲһȻɫ֮£Ӳƺɾ룬µʯ涼
һŭبУİһĵΪ˫ƣٿȻֹס˺֮ƣ绨ǰƵĶʱֹƾֱð˫֮£Ҳ޷İֺ
߳
İһ˫һƣ绨ֻһ޿ƥеľϮеĴȡһ˰ա
绨ǰŴ¶İЦһ̤ǰ˫͵ز绨عࡣ
˫̫İһֺ쳣绨Ѿ޿ɱܣǿˣҲؽ뼫䱻̬֮£İȸֵ׷֮£ֻܸӱҵĹ߶Ϊĺ˶߽⣬ĺзƹơ
˾֮£绨˫Ŀ죬ֱӱǿġʨӺ𡿣޴ٿȻۿüٶ͵رİ𴥲ǰ˫ֲɵ΢΢һͣͬһʱ̣绨ǵûкˣǰ벽һ˫ȭͷǰһ˫ȭֱİ
ϣ
һľ졣
绨ϵĽɫֱİ˫Ʋƣ죬ͬʱٴα˳ȥѾȫΪշӰ绨عǷ죬ɫθһڴмĻƽѪҺ
غ绨ʹһţͣ鴤
İȴĺˣ˫ֱסԴ˫ͨѪ˫ѪҺ
ˡ
İ绨жҪѨʱԺһƬհףزͣת綼һɲǱѪ죬˴󺰴жֻζδ
绨ಫİһʱش
绨ʵ𣬾ԲѾ벽񻯵İ֣ԼľУȫͷ״̬µġ޺նɶ񹦡κΰ벽񻯵Ļ񹦣İҲûһƣ绨ɱʽķԴ
쵰
İŭһƾŲģƴӽ鴤е绨Ҫһ
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ƿ֮ٿȻİǰһӰͬʱִ֣ͬһʱ̣ҲһӰ绨࣬ŶԷԺǽȥ
һ˲䣬İǰӰأǧټƵӡ˷Ϯİǿѣ֮У˫ָֻȭơӡǧ򻯵ַǿϮɻûԽָѣһֻӭոյǧӰͬն
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Ҷƣսȥ򣬿ԸһʹȥĻᡣ

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ʥ̾˫Ŀኽֹ˹ԼĶ֣̾ƫ㣬ҶϢһһغ


666 ɪ
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СнʱӰһսŽҵʱ̣ٿȻӴӳ˫ָԳһס壬ʹڱҷԼˡ
֮䣬սѵ֮أʱĹֲŷŵ뷢֮£ȴ׷գսһʸ֮
ˮչĺͶɢʯ׿С֮ϣһ˿©ذŻʳǺСߵչ
ĺ㿴սӴܷ΢΢̾ҶӲ²ĲսһأȫޣѾûɱΧ뷨ֻӴһ;
ˮԶԸɥ֮ȮѾòǳˣͨʿ䣬ҲðչԽûиֵλãԽľսԽǰŵ塭ǲǸϹʣµ£߸˽˶Թˡ
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죬Ҷӻȥˣɢʯۼ
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ˮԴһΣֱ̱ڵϡ

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Ҷһֻ̾ҵѩ
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Ȼأܵõʲô̯˫֣ЦԺ󣬵İȥ¶һ˻ϣ¶ãҲûκλŵĸоʱǰһֻʣ¿顢įɱΨһܳȫĶ֡ҵ·ĵˣϷΪģǰĮ磬Ĺ¶С
ְɡһѾȥѾָƽٲɱ¾ٲзУҲǡա֮ˡҶ֣ǧ󣬷̸һΪɣĽһ㣬ҶԺһΪ˳̵ġӢۡɣЯ֡ա뿪αǵϽ磬ǰ£ϡ


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ҶĬؿıݣĳ´ʣȴֻһϢ󣬵ʱֻǵؿһۣ˵˼ҾеϡҲ˵ϡ
޴۾ֱӲջ֣ɫص㻹ҷңѣЩ˻Ļ𣿡
ҶɫľȻβ
ЦһɭȻ֪Եĺ𣿡͵һӣָͤ¥·ڵãΨһյϣԣЩ˶ҪΪᣡ
ҶһתͷգȲϣҲϡ
Ƭ֮ŵʵʱ䣬ص㡭
ɫʱһɣЦҶȻǸˡģҺ㲻ڵġһȻǡաôҪӣæáϷ꣬Ҳ׼ʱ䡣¶̧ͷƹ߷㡣
Ҷתһ
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ЦתȻȥߵɺֱ̤֮Уһ˦ȥԼҲĻɢ١
ˣеĸ·Ӣȫ˻ԣлԽ˳˯
ᰶγеͤ¥֮£Ӷȡӣ·ԵĻС
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ᰶĻû˵ϾķȻȫ˺ȷʵСġ
Ҷִⱨһʧܣɶ񱨸ŭ𡭡
Ҷ΢΢һЦûлػָŻˮ֮⡣
ˮ֣嶼֮ϣϿ֮
ˮ⣬ޱ޼ʵ֣ÿһʢò˼һ㡣
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ԴӼ÷ѩҶ״̬˲˶㣬ڡҲδйǿңȴȫڶԡӡ

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ʱԷĴ֮߱ҶȷԼʬ޴档
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680 
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