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1 Ҷ
£ˮڡ
ΪˮʷΪƾõ֮һɽǰһ޴ޱȣǧ׵Ĺ㳡
ʱŹ㳡ǰȴļˡ
ˣһɽ֮ڵСÿɽ֮Żɫ۵ӷ˱һλ˾ϲӵ
ڶڵ۵ӹϣڵ۵ӣ״²ɽ
۵Ӳɽ۵ǵˣÿȴǰ̽һΡ
£ÿ̽۵ӵΨһ·ݣʶ³һʼɽŹ㳡ͼǰ̽ӶŮˡ
Ѿµףǰ̽ӵ۵ӵǣﲻ
Ҷɷ򸾣ҲڴС
ɽŸտʱǾ͵ţѾʱ磬ȴûмҶӰ
Ҷɻԣһͻ͸żӢҶĸ׽ѩȴͷǺ
ڹؼ׽ѩƶгԸҶĳ嶯ˡ
ͻأ׽ѩץҶɵĸ첲͵һҶɵĿ⣬Ҳرþϲ

ɽڣһλŻۣ˶üбɵӢ꣬ͷ󺹵ıܶ
ڷͷ󣬴ӽӵ´֮Ҷͣļʱ࣬ŵɽǰ

ԶģҶͿ˽ȺĸĸһϲдſǻĽкУҶ˹
Ҷ滹ԥʱ׽ѩһѾͽԸĻ
ʮҽڳΪ۵ӣȻҶԼļ֡
һԶ룬Ҷ漫Ϊ˼˫ףէһӾͷ
ˣҲˡ
һƵԵͤ˵˼׽ѩҿǶˣԿˡ
Ҷһ첲Ϸļ⣬ýʵţȴȫû
ѾһˣһΣһҳ֮󣬸Ҷɿѯ
һҶɫһ
һҶŬ٣ΪչǱȽϻ
ոͻƵѪһڣһǧ¸ѪӯҶЩ
Ҷ׽ѩüͷͬʱҶɵüͷ˴֡
ӦðȻѪ츳ֻƷʮһµʱ䣬ôҲӦѪˣﵽѪһ۷壬ӽǧҲŶ԰
ҶĬȻ
ʱѪ츳㻹ҪͰƷֻƷһʱ䣬ΪҲ˳ﵽѪһ۷壬ͨŵһȵĿˣһ֮ڽǲ͵
Ҷʱ׽ѩ͵һҶɣ۵˵ʲôأ
Ҷ츳һ㣬ˡѪ츳ģֲ˭˵ҶŬģƴ
׽ѩһɣҶȴǿЦһһ۵һ꣬ΪǲѪһ۷壬Ҫֱڵģⲻż
۵ʮţһһһ
ʮʱΪͻѪ۷壬ͿԽΪǰ;Զŵӡ
ڵŵӣǿǺˮľҡ
ֻҪܹΪڵŵӣպΪ޴ͣˮһǧܲ˵ġ
ǧְںˮǿвˡ
Դ˶ԣǧְλѾƽˣԷչһ£ͿԴ塣
֮ʮʱΪûͻƵѪأ۵ӶûʸۻڵƼˮξְˡ
Ҫǣһһ۵һ꣬ΪǴﲻѪһ۷壬ҪֱӸϳŵġ
ٹһ£Ҷͽӭڶ۵һһȵĴ󿼡
ҶɵĵҲԴڴˡ
ΪԼĵĸףٿάԼĸףҶһɬȻ
׵ɻҲĲ⡣
ʮһҶν̿࣬ΪǸĻ
ͬʱڣѪ츳ֻжͬţҲǰͻƵѪһغڣ˵Ҳһǧٽ
Ѫ츳ͬţΪѾﵽѪһ۷塣
Ҷ漫Ϊ⡣
ʱҶЩɣԼѪ츳ǲǱˡ
ǵѪ츳ʱǰֵѪӰȴ
ôһһʱ䣬վͱЩơ
أҶɳһҪؼҰɡҲûɶͷܼؼң۳Դο
ԣۼȻôƾֻҪϳԿ࣬ϵĹΪȢģ治ڻ¡׽ѩ˵
ȢҶһƺ׽ѩⷬˡ
׽ѩҶһۣôţҲ밡üĿ⺷Ѿչ¶ɣ͵ҶӦˡ
Ҷɼæҡͷ·ϵ㣬ǿɾ͵ඡ
һĻҶ治ʧЦ
һЦϣ׽ѩ֣˵ģҪ͸ؼҰɣﰡֻһƽƽľͺá
Ҷһ΢΢ͷտա
һƳһŮ·ӰͷӶ龰ٴθǰ
һĻҶ˼ǿҵĳ嶯ҲҪεݺᣬǽǺεȵ
һʱĳ嶯ͳΪҶ˵Ŀǰ׷֡
Ŷӵ飬ҶȻЩ̣ǿˣӣʱߣһº󣬾һһȵ۵Ӵ󿼣ʱ򡭡
Ҷɵ˼ײˣʱߣһº͵ñϳš
Ҷ濴УҶ˵仰ʱѾдʧ
ҶɵҲѧڣ֮ΪûͻƵѪأڣȻΪͻƵѪҲȻ
£һֱҶΪ¡
ҶɱԸڶҶϣҶ桭
Ҷɫؾ͵ü֣أҲȥҷģһΪڵŵӵġ
ģ
Ҷɵ۾ʱ˵ܷ֮ͻƵѪأ˵ǰһºŴô
صĻҶѾ˵ˡ
ңһԵģĵ˵仰ʱҶ治ɵԼǰЩӷֵǸСܣĿⶸرޱȼ㡣
ΪԼʱ룬ΪԼԸҪ֣
Ҷɻ˵ʲôʱȴֱ׽ѩһ£ٴαЩء
ãǾͼšһҶɱٶ˵
ĸ׽ѩȴǽҶһԣ˵֪ߵŵߺܶණҪ⻨Ǯ
ߣһ׬һӣպˣȱɶɶ
ߣָļ˫Ьм£㰮Եռ⡭
ĸ׽ѩĻҶ˫˲ģˡ
ԼҵļҾԼмĶأǳԱ׸ѣҪ̰ǸѪصΪЩ׬Щӡ
һδ׵޽Ѿһ˿ȻȻ¿
һ˲䣬Ҷ漸һָؼҵĳ嶯ˡ
šŶˮĸ׽ѩǿѰҶ
ȵȣ
׽ѩѰҶʱҶͻش󲽹ӹ˰
Ȼ׽ѩҶЩĿԸģһ£ͳԪ˽ȥ
ҶɵĶ׽ѩһ£ɣôѻȥ̲ȥ
˵һ룬Ӧ׽ѩ͵ס촽
ҶȴûĸףҶҼǵڣѪԪһӰɣ
Ҹӣȥ˼ǵһš
ѪԪΪŹһһȵſˡ
ԱϣҶһһƺݺݵҶļϣСӣɱʧ
һϱǰľٿҶ˥ܵɫҶһɣһѰס׵ؾΪ
ǰӿȵѪܽҶָʹСʱҶʱϷܾú档
Ծȡ
СֵģΪûͻƵԪһϣѪ˥ܣΪȻ͵ˡ
ҶЩǿӲĴӶгԼ֣ϵĿɬ
ӣˣ㣡
ʹĻ˻֣Ҷһѻ˵ʲô׽ѩɽȥֻҶԭأˮѾģ˫ۡ
׽ʮ궼׳ꡣ
ֻҪõѪô˥ܣ
ǷǸΪӣĸ᲻óԵõġ
ŸĸıӰʧȺɽУҶĻ˻֣Խصİɽȥ
ɽϣѾɵҶ棬Ѿüޱȡ
һҪΪŵӣֻгΪŵӣܼḸĸĸɸ׵Ը
Ҷ֪Լļ̫ǿ
ҶȴԽţǼˡ
ҶԼڵٶȣ˵ΪͻƵѪسΪŵӣ˳ͨһһȵĴ󿼣⡣
һ㣬Ҷ
Ҷ֮Ի˼֣ΪҶһ˭֪Сܡ
һҶڴСܡ


2 ѡ
תԼסİɷ·ϣҶŰɽ·ϼУţ
ʱʱһЩͬǼ׹µ۵ӴҶԽɣȴ治ɫ
죬ҶһĽͷȡ
Щɽ·ϽɡϢƳٶȴҪҶ汼ܻҪһߵ۵ӣΪҲѪءϢĵӡ
½УΪѪ֮
޹ǿɻ޽ƤɻѪɻ
Ѫ˴֮һиʼҲǴѪʼ
ѪΪأһ׳ѪڶϢѪ飬Ѫ壬Ԫ
ҶΪ׳Ѫľ硣
ܹͻƵڶϢϢƳѪ಻֮䱼ɣ治ɫ
ĻҶԼסİɷ嵽ɽ֮䣬Ҳòſʱˡ
һԼԽͬţҶĽ֮࣬˼ڴ
ǸСܳȥ˵ͻƵѪأָտɴ
ҲҶڵԭ
һԼСܣҶĽŲɵüӿ˼֣Сܳһʱˣ˵⼸͵ջʱˡ
Ҷһ·񱼣ԽʮһɽͷһīӰأǸߴʮǽ׵ɵɽʱҶһˣǾǰɷ塣
ɷԴ˵ͬʱҶΪ۵ӣÿۣǿɷе֦ɡ
̤ϰɷʱҶȴû˳ɽתСֱһԵС
Ѱһ˼ش˼ɣǿ룬ڿһӣԼ˽ȥ
һʰ׵˱֮Ҷ뿪̤ɽŽװĸ״ʳİŰɽľȥ
ҶصɽʱѾڣסڰɷϵ۵ӣʱѾϾȺľڴԺ졣
Ժӵм䣬һλңҡңĻţҶϵã۵ǰɷĴʦԪ䡣
ʱԪΧλ۵ӣλԵ۵ӣһ࣬Ԫ䴷ȡ
ʵϣڱ˵۵СŵУŴСѹûʲôʦ֡
νΪȡ
һ֮е۵УΪǿߣͻᱻͬ۵˽Ϊʦ֡
һ֮۵еǿߣȴһϵĳƺѡ
۷֮Уÿһ۵Упܽ׳ΪŵߣΪѡ
ͨһ㣬ÿһӵӣǸһԣ۷Ĺ¶Ҫɵ֡
Ҷ׻ˣ
Ҳ֪˭һɷ۵Ժ۵ӵĿ⣬ˢˢľ;ۼ˸ո̤ԺŵҶϡ
׼ȷ˵ӦǾۼҶŵİϱߡ
ԪԵļ۵ӣһ㶢Ҷеİ
ôһ㣬϶˲ٺöɣڽùơҡңԪ䣬۾һ䡣
ǣʦ֣
վԪڽϲӦһ󲽵߹Ҷȵ
Ҷʱҧһ˫ֽеİ߬ýġ
ȻڻɽʱҶϵһĻмֵӲɽϣһĻʱһݵ͵ӿ
ʲôɣһϾҪϳŵķҵӣٵɣۣ
ȵЩżڽֵģһҶ߬ýİݺݵһ۾ŭɵҶ棬ﳤȥ
ʦ֣Ҷİ
ڽҶǰţǵ˰ɷѡԪǰ̬˲ȥ
ţ
Ԫ䷭𣬳ҶİЩеķ
ÿ£Ҳ۵Ӽǰ̽ӵʱ򣬾Ǹ۷ѡӹʱ
ÿλ۵ӵļ̽ʱĶ۹ҪǵϹһ飬öȫҪǡ
ƾʲô
ʵ
ǿʵ

ȱȭͷ
ڣ򲻻۵Ӽ¡
ںųʮ۵ӼÿܶŹϸ첲ȵʤǸܡ
ԭĻϲҶԪ䣬ɫòˬ
˸飬ҵ˼·ʳӰûҵ
۾һУԪ˫۶߰ĶҶ棬˵Ҷ棬ҾҲ̫һһΣ͸·⣿أ
·
⣿
⼸һҶ˫ȭʱ߬ȭͷϵ
Ҷ滹żǣԶףϸ첲ȵļλͬŵĲ״ڲͣҶ棬Ҷ漸Ҫȥƴˡ
ЩǿȫһһǮƳġ
ɨˣ
ĶҲǷ
ûҵܹĶԪһĲˬƵĽҶЬࡢ·һܵ۵ǡ
Щ·ͷָˡ
Ԫߵڽλ۵ӣʱһ
˵䣬ԪݺݵҧһҶĸζţζţҲ
̼䣬ҶеռζͱԪɢ˸⡣
ۣ
һ鱻˺˼ռȱԪ˦Ҷؿ֮ϡ
ţģҲһڣɱ˵Ԫȫռඡ
ŽմռȣԶΪʱ˺Ƶ·ҶͷѪʼ͹͹Ŀŷ·𳶷һ
һɷŭһơ״ķŭֱҶš
Ѫӿһ˲䣬ҶֱȥԪƴ
ҲҶ汬ıԵ֮ʣԶɳ͵˹סҶ
Ҷ棬㻹ûԷɣѪԪҶˡ
۵һݣɳҶѣҲ۵֮УҶΪϵѡ
ɳɱҶһ꣬ҶΪչˣҲɳɵָ㣬ҶٳԲٿ
ߣǴ
űɳӲקҶ棬Ԫ䲻м³һ鼦ͷ
Ҷ棬һʶţҪǸͻǴȣˣ˰ǰǴеĳɰˣ
Ҷݵɳɣ֮һȰҶ档
ãҶŲƽɳɼһȿ޻ҪѿЦݣлл㣬ϧûܸʲô
ֵܣлƨ
ˣúгɣԪ޵һЩܵȫһɳЩԲԵȰҶ棬ΪףҶԺԶûˡ
òһ֮꣬ԪܽΪŵӣŵӵԴ࣬ٶȸ죬Ԫ»Զѹһͷ
ɳɵĻҶȴ˲˾ǻŭȫѹȥת
ãޣܵһҪԪһҶȻ
¶ʱǰЩӵİɷ壬ʱͱð쳣
ˣҶڣԾԼķ䣬ϥڴϣεʱ䵽ˡ
ںȸɾһͲŷµѪԪתڴǵڼͨ׼ȴѪÿΡ
۵ΪΣȭѪ׳Ѫ
ѪԪ븹ͻѪתУѪԪ̺ɢҶ֫ٺѪת
ÿʧһ֣ҶѪ׳һ֣ӯһ֡
һ֮ѪԪҩϣҶЩȻ۾
һѪԪ̫ˣÿʱΣҩֻܳһӡ
ѪԪҩ㹻࣬ҩܹʱĻҶƣΪͻƵϢﵽѪء
һֵҩΪѪԪǸҶֵҩ˵ҩһѪԪʮ࣬רЩѪ츳ѵŵӷá
ϧҶЩ۵ӣֻܷѪԪ½ѪԪ
±۾ҶĳתѪ
ѪԪֵ֧תѪѪ׳ٶȾͱ˹١
ҶƣʱЧѪԪ֮һӵЧ
һ;ڼ֣һ㣬Ҷ漫Ϊ
ʱ֮󣬵ҶоڵѪЩȵʱ򣬾ֹͣҲΪʲô涨ʱԭˡ
۾ҶɿסͬһɳɣѾϳ˯ȥ
Щ۵ӣأϼͷͷܳ˯ȥ׶ѡ
Ҷȴûȥ˯ŵĴ·ڷţݣڴ˷ĺУҶèŰɷһСɽͷϱȥ
СʱҶ漲ҹҹ˵Сɽͷϡ
̤СɽͷʱҶʱ˺֧䣬ɽ
ҶֻɽóҶȫߴߴС޽ʱҶĶ䡣
֨֨֨
һֻ֨ҶĶ䣬ҶĶڣȴǱء
˶к޹ɵ֨֨ҶȴΪ˼ʮ߸磬죬ʱˣǿߡ
⣬Ҷܡ


3 
ԼܣҶڼǰֵġ
ҶԼҲ֪ô£ǰĳһ졣
ԼҶΪͻƵǰĳһ죬Ҷ֮󣬾Ϊż˯ţܵ˸ɽͷ͸͸
˼ʱͻȻ֮䣬ɽּСߴߴʱһΪԼĶʲôء
Сĵоĥ˼֮Ҷȷ¡ܹˡ
֨֨ɽ󣬻ǺߺߵҰϻҶֻҪϸܹǵ˼
ҶڷԼСܵʱֻǾú档
ÿҶΪΪķʱ򣬾ͻᾲɽè꣬ߵ
ǱǴżɵɵ˼ȥΪЦҶ
ڰǰҶϷƣǰɽͷסɽ±ߵһֵܶԻʱ򣬾͸Ҷһ˿
ҶͻʶȤСܣҲܹʲô
ÿʱҶ浽ɽͷǶֵһȥĳطʳζ
ζҶԣȻûκεǣĳһϣҶ̽һͷǶԳǰȥ͵ֵ͵ʱȴˡ

޴
һףɽèҪһĴ󣬳βۣһǿеıһ㣬¹˸ɭɭ⡣
Ҷ澪ǣΪȵſڣǶ󣬾ȻҶ淢˹Ҷʰһ۴ϸ֦ɣȻǶһڸҧˡ
һ
Ҷ泹׵ˡ
ļʶԣǶͨ洦ɼĻɫɽһγ˰ƴСͺܲˡ
ȴ˽һ׳ȥĿֲ졣
йŹ֣йŹ֡
ֵܵĽ̸֮Ҷ淢ֵܵĹ֮Ǿÿʱضǰȥʳһνζ״򲻶
Ҷãֻͳ˾޴󣬿ܸÿʱǰȥʳйء
ʳҲܾĳĵر
ҲΨд˵еĵرѪΪͨĻɫɽ󳤵˾޴󣬼ޡ
һˣҶ治ɵȻĶ
ССмĵرһҹ޸ֻɥֻһҹ֮ɴִ˵Ҷ棬Ȼĵرļֵ
УĵرҲǺܱĶǰѪԪõҩݣ۵ֳġ
Ҷ治ɵȻѭҵĵر
ͬʱ֣ҲҶ涸ʶСܣҲܹͬѰջ
Ҳ֣ҶԵʱļ֡
һΪ˼Լʱݺյ룬Ϊ˸׵Ըߣ˲ӵеСܣܲ˷Ѱɣ
һҶٶȣѪ츳Ӱ֮⣬ܷӵдԴźܴĹϵ
ҶܹΪСܣñ˲ӵеԴ
ֵ֮ܵҶÿʱͻ⴦ϱߵɽңǶֵܵȻǡ
ǣɽеĴٶԣҶһѪһصܱȵġ
ÿÿҶԸա
Ҷ沢
һʮĸ£ҶѾжϳֵܻķΧɽҵʮﷶΧ֮ڡ
ңôĸ٣ҶԼѾų˺ܶطֻʣˡ
ҶƣٴθˣҲųڼ֮ҵֵܵÿĿĵء
֨ߣ
һУֻϵëͬһľ󣬳ɽ·ವʧС
Ҷèȥ
һ·ҶѾ죬ݸԼĪ˰Ϣ޴צ̤Ҷʧ
һ괦Ҷɫһ䣬ָˡ
⴦ͨ˴ͨ˷ÿһΣҶ涼ġ
Ҷ沢ţΪЩҶѾѰ˺ЩпܶߵķֻʣδŲ顣
һԵһߴʮ׵£һ󷽵Ϫһ򣬾ߵĲˡ
СϪѾųΪɴûھϷˮ
ֻʣʮˡ
Ҷȿʮҡҡͷﲻ̫ܣѰѶҲ̫ˡ
ʮ׸ߵ·ǳпĵر±ڣ·Ҷ涼ѰһΣûҵκټ
˼һ£ҶٴѰҺʵص㣬±ȥ죬б
Ҷ·Ǵ֩һ㣬ֽŽϣƶţžӣ¹⣬ͣ±Ѱš
Ҳҿһ޵ĵӣҶܹ£ҪȻҶ֪ĵرҲֻ̾ˡ
ͻأѰеҶ۾͵һһ΢΢ͻʯϣһҺɫľצӡҶ͵رþϲ
ҵˣ
Ϊ׷Ծ٣Ҷû¹
רһֲײĲľңǰſ׷Χڡ
һǾֻҪ֮ͻһҺɫצӡ
Ҷ۲һԾ֮£Լףצӡ֮Ҷʱ丽֮Ѱ
ûϢҶһ̦޺ϿһܵצӡЩצӡһͻʯмʧ
Ѱ˰ΣҶ͵صɴ۾һǸ̦޺ķ϶
ҹɫ£̦޺ʻҺɫɽҷ϶ҲʺɫһץգҶ滹ֲ϶
϶󣬵ҲҶ洩
ǾߣҶȲܷ࣬ͨһ㣬Ҷ沢̫ġ
Сڷ϶д˼ʮףǼ͵شһɶʱһһͨеȻɽس֡
ǰһĻҲ˲Ҷס
һӨ͸ķ·һʯ봹ɽľͷɢŵĝ⣬ӨӨ籦
ʯϱˮأƺʱ͸
·ʯϣһˮγļССӣȴǿտҰ
ʯܣȴǲ˸ָҰ޵İ׹ǡ
еѾȫ绯˰׹ǣеĻǰ븯״̬һʬһֻʬ壬ȥȽʣƺû졣
һ⣬ʬʬϣҧĺۼ
ʱֻҶ׷˵ľȴǳȺСͷȫעĵȴǾӨ͸ʯ͸ˮ⡣
Ҷ̤Ұް׹ǵ˲ؾֻȴʯʯҺľ
ֻ˲תβǱһը˸ź͵һڣȺ飬ĶҶ档
֨
쳣̶Уֻ͵ԾźһһҶ˻


4 ƽ
ۣ
ӭľҶһ룬ȳѪͷɲǣҶ͵زеĲãΪ׼ȷĽӲ˹һֻƶǡ
һնһãͬˮһ㣬ɬ
еǲ񵶣ڷ۵ӵĺ񱳿񵶣Ҷÿĥ£ޱȡ
ԴӵһαһԾϮ֮ҶÿᱳԼĿ񵶡
ǿ񵶷
Ҷÿۣһ֧ɵϬֱӣ޻ڡ
ңȻŷΧޡѱնɱɾͨҰ޻еġ
һҶµҰһޣҲʮͷˣնɱͷ󣬻ֵ
ٹһֻ꣬ɳΪޣǽսҲ͵øıˡ
ѪζĴ̼Ҷ񾭶ս˷նɱĿ֮Ѫζÿһ˷
һҶɽ˺һҶͽҶ쵽ǾӨ͸ʯ·ţһˮʱѾʯϾۼ
ʱǾӨ͸ʯһγʯɫҺ壬ʯϵˮ⣬ͽ
ҶɢɫʯҺҶЩĵر
ڵҩݾҶҲǿģ߼صĴǲҩҩıϣĵرмء
ͬƽʱĽ̸УҶȷһ£ֻҪʯҺĶʲô͵ʯҺǾõĺñ
ҶֱΨһǵģǰʯҺƷ̫ߣ̵̫ǿ󣬷ֱ֮ӱű
ʦ˵ĵرǺöЩƷ׼ߵĵرֲ̺̫Ϊʱã߿ܻᱻֱӳű
ȻֻܷͨʳɫʯҺɳΪҶһͱ˲֪ٱ࣬ɫʯҺӦòᱬġ
ԥģҶ潫ʯҺ̷ȥʯҺҶҲ̷ֱȥ
ڣʯҺʱҶ֫ٺɢȥ
ܵģҶϥ£תڴµѪʼѪʯҺǿҩ
ʯҺ̺ǿҩҶ漫ΪĸӦѪе·ߡ
ɾѪոտʼתؿڵɲǣҶüͷЩ
ѪʯҺҩߵؿڵʱһĪȻо˴ѪеһС֡
֣Ҷһæϸ졣
һϸ۲죬ȴҶ˸˵ķ֡
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ߵǲѪȻߴɡ
ϸϸӦ֮Ҷ澪ȵķ֣ǻѪԴȻؿڵǿŸ뵰Сӡ
ߵѪҲȫıؿڵǿɡ
ı仯ҶԼؿӵ
ؿڵŲӣҶ潫Ϊƽ顣
ҶүүǰҶģ˵Ҷϴı˺üˡ
ҶҲ߰ˣڱʲô̸ϣҶһֱǽ䵱һҴұԴ
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ƽҶÿһʱҪɵѪΪҶѪǵѪʧҶ޷
һҶʯҺĵرڵѪǣƽߵѪر˺ܴһɣҶ淢ܡ
ˣҶ滹뵽һ¡Сܡܹ£ҲƽѪ֮żȻֵġ
ѵ洫ƽ飬һɣҶͷ͵һȻĶ뷨
ͷһ𣬾ͼҶޱȵĺġ
ƽϵ֣Ͳɿ
Ҷ뿴ƽɵ㹻Ѫ֮ʲô仯
ҶʳʯҺѪ֮ǵ޷ɣһҲ¡
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ǿѪȫҶÿһÿһѪ⣬อҲʼԼԼ׳
ԽԽԭƽҲʼ÷ȷ̣ԭʵɫƽ飬ҲѪѪģɢĳѪ⻪
ƽɢĳѪ⻪µɲǣҫ۵ĳѪ⻪͵رҶֻؿ׻һɻȣ͵Ҷؿڡ
ʹ࣬Ҷ˫ֱһףʹûз˹ȥ

ҶǱһɳζѬѵġ
ζԴҶģڳһںĹͣɢһŵĳζ
ˣĵһɲǣҶͱܾؿڿȥ
ڻǰؿڵƽ쳣Ҷ뿴ƽ鵽׷ʲô仯
ǴʱҶؿڴֻһյƤؿڵƽȴǲӰؿڴȴһӡǣƽһģһӡ
ҶȥɲǣһҶתشӡһ½ľʼҶǰչ֡


5 
½룬̫죬ҵȻɡֻҪ㽻飬ǿ㲻Уһ룬ͷڵ
½룬콻飬˱䣬ҵ޽ԻΪС
½룬زݣ㲻УֲڰΧסһѪ۵½ŭ
Χм飬ѡѪ۵½ȴǱЦʲôزݣ˰ɣ
ӵд˱ңҡλðɣ
ȥҲ
ҽ˱벻к
½һݺᣬǰڲ
ЦУ½ͻҫޱȵĹâ
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ͬʱΧס½ĿֲҲһָһһ쳣ƣ½ѹȥ
ӣ½ʱһӹ
ǲǾӰǵĵλҪͷһ̣һԶĴ̣
Ц䣬һӴ½Ժɳ½Ľ⣬˲ؾͼһ𣬽Ӱ
ҿգ飬ƣ
ͻҵ½ȫŵ飬͵ͻƽѹƿһֲգӶݶȥ
£⣡
ߴŭʳָƣɫѪ쭳ɲǣһָ޾Ľɫ⻪ػһƳĹ⻪ȥ
Ƴٶȼ죬˲Ϣ䣬顣
ƳһɲɲǣĿռ͵һңͶƬղ
ǳʱȥĿռ˲ػָҲҲһ˿һټ
С֮ʣҵҪô顭
ЦУ½ɢֻλɫѿĴУþ

ⷬ龰ʧҶǰĻһ䣬ĳ磬ȴһλǿĴзɳ飬Ϊ챦ҹҹо÷ֱ
ü䣬鼸֣ȷѪ꣬Ϊɥ
оţ֮󣬽Ȼˡ
ļ֣ϱ߷ΪȴǽɢϢӵڵѪԪ߲ε
ļУҶҶһ֧ϵõ飬ȻұһһĴ
һ֧ҶӵܣΪԭΪҲû
һĻҶǴѪؿڵƽȡѪҺĻ档
½Ļһգһŷؿռ䣬ֻеһɢŝ⻪سʻɫӣҶǰ
Ҷȴ˳˼С
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߶ѪӵɲǣҶ;ˡ
ԼתѪΪˡ
ȷҶǱԼѪΪı仯ˡ
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ΪҶΪҽķȻС
ԷʯҺ֮ǰҶ澭ڵѪѾﵽѪӯĳ̶ȡ
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һһȵĿ˼ȽΪͲԶû뵽²øԶˡ
ؿһԷй䣬Ҷ͵Ծһȭݺݵĺɽڣ뷢йй
ͣ
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飡
ȭͷʯʯĽ֮ʣҶٴδסˡ
ȭƷ磬ǿͻƵǧϣΪﵽѪһ۷֮󣬲п顣
һ£ϲظҶӣһɽȥ
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ȻҶżһϲŰɷ䳡񱼶ȥ


6 
һǧٽʯҶɵ档
һǧ˰ٽʯʮ֮Ҷ죬
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仰˵ۣҶΪѾͻƵѪˡ
һ㣬ۣҶΪѾͻƵѪˣǴѪۣҶΪûͻƵѪأ˵Ѫһڡ
ѪһڵΪѪصֹҶЩ¡
ڴ˽һ꣬˵٣ԼҶȴδš
˵ֹν֮
Լںʱ״Լ߳һɢȳζ๸ҶԽĿ϶һ㡣
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Ҷͷ飬Ǵһ˿ɻڴ

գۼ䣬ʮʱһμһһȿ˵ʱ仹졣
ʮʱڣҶÿԼ۲֮ʱ䣬ȫ
ΪΪǵԭǰÿҪʱɵ۲ֻҪĸʱܹɡ
ʡʱ䣬Ҷȴشϰڴ۵Ψһһȭɽȭ
һ۵Ӵ򰾽ǵżȭͷ
˵Ҳ֣ҶǰϰɽȭоʽʱȻܹ˳Ĵ꣬ÿһÿһʽ֮䣬ǺӲ
һҹ֮ҲҶ߳һȳ๸֮ɽȭΪȴǴȭˮһ˿ɬ
Ǿʮ֮ҶɽȭɳɻҪĺá
֮⣬ÿϣҶ涼Ҫʱȥһض
ÿʱضڵʯ֮ϣͻʯҺ
ʯҺͨĻĵر÷ǳĴÿһηãҶΪһء
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ҶҲ˴ﵽ˿ֲǧĳ̶ȡ
Ҷ˷ؾһֱεõǵΪʱûб֡
Ҷ棬Ҫȿˣ𴲽ˡ峿ʱһɳһҶ档
𴲣ٶϴһ֮Ҷɳ䳡Եش˸տĵطΡ
۵Σϰɽȭǡ
һҶͺһ͵ȭžĹǱ쳹һƬ


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ҶһƿгȥͬӺݳһ㣬͵ı
һһʽ䣬ҶȭԽԽңһɽʱ˫ȭȻĽ硣
Ҷ˫ȭԼԼĽ磬ȴǽһԵȭɳɸˡ
Ҷ棬ȭ磬ôöôģɳһľȡ
ⲻǱƵϾһһȵŴˣҪǲϸ񣬿Ҫϳŵġ
ҪǱڸϳȥҵһʧģˣڣҪ޾ĳЦڿ࣬ⱲӣϾˡ
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ҶȭΪ̤Ѫ֮󣬰˵ѪอѪбǿϢøƳ
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ɳɵȴ͵˵ͷǵģΪ˲ϳţҪƴ
Ѫ۷һ˻ûͻƣֻҪƴͻƵѪأˣ
˵꣬ɳȴǲٿҶ棬һһɽȭȭ

һͭ죬ÿεĽ
ˣҪ˵ɷԹµʱһ۵ʱͣеĶһѷľۼͭԹǰ
죬죬һһȵŴˡ˵ǣǵеһ֮Ҫϳɽţǣ۲һ˿һ١
ԹµĿⲻӹҶˣо֮⡣
ȻԹӡУҶڽߵѡ
ҶĿ⣬ȴûһ㱻ӼͷȥĿƵĶԹ£û˿á
ΪǣѾҶ㹻ĵ
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ʤߣܲ˻ߣΪѡ
˵꣬Թ¾ͭﳤȥ
˭ҪսӣܷӲ
ȺУȥǰɷǿߵԪߣӣظҧгݣһһɨ˵Ŀ⣬Ǿ֮⣡


7 ʹ
۵ÿҪɵ۲Ƿǳصģÿ춼Ҫȥ۵ӵĴʱ䣬ռǵʱ䡣
Ҷڵİɷ壬۵ǵ۲ÿ쿳ڴС֦ʮţҪ˵ɽ¡
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ǰɷǿߡѡԪ䣬۲Ҳʱϡ
ƽʱ۵ΣϢһɽǽ죬ڳ緹֮һɽˡ
ÿһˣڴѹܹͻƣȡճΪŵӡ
ŵӵĵλȣ۵ӵĵλֱһһ¡
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һ·ϣҶ涼ĥѡ⡣
սΪŵӵĽݾһΪŵӣ۵ӵԴԼѡ似ķ
ҪҪΪһѡ仰˵ҶҪμҪսʤɷѡԪ䡣
Ҷζ뽫ԪͷѪԪ佫Ҷĸ͵Ķ̣ͨͨˣ龰Ҷһ޲ɱԪ䡣
ʵһжʵ
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һҲôͻƵģʱһ궼пܵġ
ҶѪغڵΪΪѪΪԭȴǧľܹѪغڵߡ
Ѫ۷Ԫ䣬һβࡣ
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ʲôҶһѺĶڽʵ
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ˢ
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Ҷ棬ҽٸﳤԣ
ǰãһǰǰܵЩ۸Ҷ۾ˡ
ŭһĹǱɲǣҶͬһȭӳ

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ҶͬһԸڽ¶һ˿Цȭ͵ؼ١
飡
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ڽ
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飡
һȭ֮¶ϱ۵ڽʧ֮£ɳһ㣬ϵıҶš


˺ã
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ĶϹʱʱֻܱıܹҪڽľ֮£ûκλ֮
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ɱɱɱҰޣɱ£Ҷ滹ûɹҶֻ뱨𣬱ϲûɱڽ뷨
ңڣ۵֮д˶ķΧ֮ڣɱˣǾǴˡ
꣡
ڽĴȹֱӱҶһȭҶϣĹǲֱӴӴ洩˳
شڽ𾪶ûüҽһ˫һʹ˹ȥ
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ˣҶ滹оʵսɽȭǰ׵ļ仯˲ˡ


8 Ŵ
Թ£ҽ۲鿴
ɷ崢ľʱչҶһˣʮڴϸ֦͵Թµǰ
ţô죿Ҷ棿۾Թ͵رѣҶ棬̲ס۾
ͨľ۲ԽĵӣΪԽǿҲԽǰ;
ҶҪͷƫʱ򣬲۲ǽȴʱ۲
ٶȣ֮ɷѡԪٶȻҪһʱԹ²òĪ
龪Թ»ǸҶ۲Ǽᡣ
۲ˬޱȵҶ棬ȴûзذɷľסϢǻŽջԹ¾ȵĿУֱԼǰЩظĸӵĵط
˵ջҶֱ˿̻Щϲʢ
ڽ֮Ҷ波ڽѰһ£û뵽ȻѵһƱ
ѻҶȻԼĻУڽԪǱΪ飬ȥͬĲƻĿ
ҶɸҶѪӣҶ˸ۣҲҪڽԪȥ
Ʊջ񣬲Ҷջȫ
Ѱһ£ҶͲԶڽǰõĶʮ֦ɡ
ڽǰҶǿȥ֦ɶ°ٿˣʮ֦ɣҶҲͺЦˡ
ǰһգҶ۲ʹˡ
ҶӵĵطΪأɷ۵⣬Ҳ˼˳ȡ֮Ҷ滳߰ӣֱŴ
ڵŴܵ뼮ףŹ׵һйصӵĸʳסһ񽻽ӵ
ҶǰȥŴΪ߰ʾ޿׼ǰȥһΪĵҩ
Ŵĵҩһģ޷ֱӹģֻŹ׵һ
Ź׵㣬һֻͨŴȡ۵ӣûʸȡŹ׵ġ
ǣڵĹ׵㣬ȴͨȡ׵㣬Ҳڵ۵ΨһĻȡŹ׵ķʽ
ʮӿԻȡһŹ׵㣬ʮһı
רŹŵӷõѪԪʮŹ׶һһţ仰˵ӻһš
۸ѾǱˣڵѪԪõϣɵһŵļ۸
ҲҶڵİɷڵŴ̫Զʮɽ·Ϊ֮Ҷ棬һʱ
Ҷ潥ӽڵŴʱʱһӰٷɹҶ漤ѡ
Ҷ֪ΪѪأԪء۷壬һͻƣǻ顣
ҶĿǰΪſѪأ봫˵пݺĻ龳ʿ˲֪ʮǧ
ҶһҲ٣飬һҲܹ
ҶĵһĿ꣬ȳΪڵŵӡ
ֻгΪڵŵӣܹøԴõʱ䡣
һһӡչʵ֣
ڵŴռغܴ󣬲ĵӲֻ̫࣬мλ͡Ϊͻִֵء
ȻĵӲ࣬Ҷλµ۵վǼΪ۵ġ
ȥŴߵĵӣһµŵӣһµŵӣҶ۵ӳ컹Ƕһλ
ûҶ棬ͿкڵǣҶһµʱ򣬺һ޶õ뿪
һģ¶֮ɫܿҶ档
ߣҶһµӣܲò˵ӿٶȣֱײҶײҶæһԡ
۵ҪǱŵӴǰ
ŵеͷҲֻ֮ĲʹĳͷңЩŵһߣһ۵ӼƽϣǲǶ
ЩŵҶʱǿñ컹ߡЩŵʱ̬ʱù
ŵ֮⣬µ޲á
ͻأ˺ѿ͵Ŵŵӣ㶼գŴʱ
£쿴ǲʦˡ
ʱһʹ⣬ٶȼĴмŴǲʹʱҶſǵʹ⣬ȻһλŮΪٶ̫û¡
ŮòʱҶ͵һ¡

λŮȻʩ죬üɨ㷢ƮƮȴһֳķ·ӰϢ
һȥҶһԲλĸо
ŮӵĽ٣Ŵڵִ˲ؾʹ˾
λִһŵſӭȥ
ҵλ洫٣ԭǲӣ֪ӹŴкָ̡λִǰӭùޱȡ
ǰţȺİŵӣʱҲޱȵվһţӭ
ִ𣿾޲ִ𣿡ӶЩŵӵļȴһץӭܵҩ˵ĺִ¼æʵ
ʱҶſӻбһֻĻꡣ
ֻĻ꿴ȥǳĿɰǣʱƺЩ겻ëըǲӾţ¾Ҫˡ
ʼĺִµɫһӣִȥΪԪݽ߶ˡ

õ𰸣һʧŻлԽԽٵĽУĽ
ʲӣҾ޲ִ£Ϊ˻еĻꣿִһʵ
Ǵ£Ӳͣ޳ְŻ꣬һߵǰض֪ιʣͻȻñ쳣ȻһʤһգգȴʳϳˣҶҧ
Ҳ֪ιʣִҽֻû뵽
ִµüͷӣԣҽǰٲҩһ˿ɡ
Թˣûáִ£Ǽʶ㣬ʲôҽεķضʮ꣬ҷǳҪ˵䣬Ȼ
ϷҲ֪ǺιʡиɽӲ鵤ӿһԡܷЧϷͲұ֤ˡִ˵

鵤֮󣬲ӻŻ꣬ʧյľͷ
ȥĲӣҶȴҡҡͷҶҿ϶ǿ鵤ǻûκЧκ鵤ҩǻ궼ûЧ
ҶѾӸղŻĽУһЩߡ
뿪󣬷űð쳣Ŵٴα
ŵǹһգٴαư
žӵִǣҲع鵽ԼλϣڵģһûһİŲ
ǵȽɭϰ
̾һҶ߽Ŵ׼һλִ£ͳƱִ´ˣҪһŹ׵㡣


9 Ҳ䣿
תɷ·ϣҶ漫ΪĽһƿҩ߬Ϊٵıܶ˦ȥ
߰ӣ㹻һڸ߰ˣͶһʮ㹱׵㡣
ֵģŴѪѪԪõͨ
ò˵䣬һݳ޵飬ĸĸ֣
ҶеΪνΪŵӵĹضˡ
Դ޵ģΪ˲˷ԴΪԴ޶ȵãֻͨɸѡѡǱĴԴ
ʵҶ浹ù׵һһŸһ似ţִ¸ҶĻش֡ûʸ
ڣ۵ֻù׵һͼҩƶûУӻȡĹ׵㣬Ҫһꡣ
תɷ壬ɫ磬󲿷ֵӶɽϣֻͬԪһ㡢Ϊǰ۵Ӹոջ
Ǽ˿ҶΣЩȻ
ҶȴǲǷϻֱӻתڣץʱҶ뿴רŵӵѪԪжôǿ
һɢŵζѪԪ븹Ҷʱ߶ѪĿ
ʱ֮Ҷ滺۾Ŀм־֮̾⡣
ŵӵԴÿһŵѪԪҶ۲ѡ
ʮ
ѪԪЧѪԪЧʮֹ
̺ӵľס
ˣҶ滹֣ѪԪȻҶõʯҺЧ࣬һʯҺҩЧ൱һѪԪҩЧǣġ
ѪԪܴ⣬̺ŨŨѪҩֱ׳ҶѪҶΪ
ʯҺЧȴǺȫ棬ʮȫһ㣬׳ҶѪͬʱҶȫ¡۶ڱǡ̲
Ҷ˶ʮʯҺЧǺԵģĿ־ǰ벻ͨĵطȻʡ
Чɽȭ٣ȭǷ
ԥأҶ̷˵ڶѪԪʼ׳Ѫ
Ҷ棬Ҷ棬ϢϢ
ɳԴϲĻҶҶ۵ʱ򣬾ͼɳĳڣһϲɫ
Ҷ棬֪ڽǻ쵰ˣÿɲˣģһȥơĹͷ֪˶ٸһȣܿĹˣ
һ߻ɳһ߽ƵĿջȭͷûƼţĸ̧ɽһ·ǲҽɱƵģ̫ˡ
ϧ֪˭ɵģҪ֪˭ɵģһҪ˺Ⱦơ
Сģ
ɳ㵸Ļû˵꣬Ҷһ䣬͵ؽɳһ
飡
ɲǼ䣬Ҷɳɾķţ飬һֻǧصʯ
ɳһͬʱҶ͵Ծһŷߣͽֻǧصʯ߷ɡ
Ҷ棬ģӹͬһʱ̣Ԫŭ쳹ɷ塣
Ԫ䣿δɳһ£ĿҶ档
Ҷɫһʹ󲽵ȥ
ΣҶϣϱȡͷ֪˶ٸڽԪţҶǿʱ֡
ʦ֣Ҷ⹷ڽҪҶ棬Ҷ۾͵һɣͽڽߵĻŵ˻ȥ
Ҷ͵Ϯң˳˵ȥһƱʦ֣һҪΪڽ
ڽĿոոųɳһ۾͵͹˳ȻҶ棬ٿ˵ڽһеģ
ЩΧ۵۵ӣǾĪ
ڽڰɷ壬ǰĴڣȻһŷ֮ƵҶˡ
Ʊ⼸֣Ԫ۾ʱһ
Ҷ棬ͬΪͬʦֵܣôԶڽ˺ڵĺ֡
ͬʦֵܣޣԪ佫˵꣬ҶʹһڣԪ䣬Ҳ˵ͬʦֵܡ⼸֣Ҳ䣿
Ҷ˶̣ô˵˶̴ԪƤЩͷ̣
ߣΣ£ΪɷĴʦ֣ܶˣҶ棬ƣ㻹治֪ɷĴʦ˭
У
ȼ䣬ȭһԪһҶ
һȭҳԪѪ͵˲һ˶Ѫ飬·һԪƤ´мԪҳȭͷ͵Ǵһȭȭʢ
Ѫ飬ѪΪеı־ȭͷСѪ飬ԪѪ۷Ϊȫۼһ
Сģɳɾ
ҶҲرޱȣ΢΢һڣȰȰȵĹǱͣͬʱһӭȥ



10 
飡
ȭཻȻԪ΢Σֻ˰벽ҶȴһסΡ
࣬ϵĲ࣬ΪϵĲ࣬һ־Ϳˡ
ҶֻԪһд˾ȡ
ǰҶ棬һָͷӲסȴ˸ƽɫı¡
֮ʣԪЦһҶ棬㲻ҵĶ֣ԹԵĽƱܿࡣ
˵ԪֵȴǲһٴҶ档
һҶжشԪ䣬ȭһ͵ӭȥ
һΣԪ䵱Ҷ棬Ҷĸ׽ѩַƵ·ζ̣˸һɶǿ񻹶ҶĿڡ
ҶԪһսʵǻԪŵҶΪжˡ
飡
ȭŽͣҵȭƵùսڶ۵Ӳͣĺˡ
۵ܹϰȭֻɽȭ
Ҷ滹ԪֻҪȭʱԷĺУȻҶɽȭһ㣬ʱ춨ʤĹؼȡΪ
Ԫȭ֮Ѫ飬һ㣬ÿһΣȭȭ֮䣬ͱƵҶ沽ˣҶأż
ȭཻԪеȴԽԽŨ
Ҷǰʲôɫж߲ȥķ
ڣҶȴƾУȻƣȴǿԿǷγɳȥǣ
һΣԲһԪ¶˾ģȭˣ
ҶҪȥذɡ
ԪĺֺڣԼˣԪΪڰɷȨҶ³ڽҪһ㡣
Ԫ䣬ҶеĻҪǿһ㡣
ۿҶ汻ԪƵǣһҶظҪȥ
˫Ѿ鲻ѵҶǱ޿ɱܣ޿ˣոӲһǣ˫ۻûָһӲӣҶذɡ
м䣬Ҷ˫һᣬظҪԪʺȥ
һҪʵˣԪ䲻Ҳˡ
ԪȴҶƴĴ򷨸һ͵سȭǱıùȥ
Ҷƴôɵ
ؼʱθҶƴˣǲɵ
ԪǱãҶ۾͵һ
԰ƴ
ݵģ²Ҫġ
ԪΪɷѡ󣬾ҪڽΪŵӡԪѪ۷ΪǼпܴǰΪŵӵġ
ԣڴ֮ǰԪǾԲԸ˵ģ˵ǸҶƴˡ
һ㣬Ҷ沽صȭ͵һ䣬ͬħһ㣬ԪϮȥ
㹥ͷҾͲܲõ㹥ȻȫĶȡ
ҺҾͲۡ
ȣҾѪ
֮ҶһƴļƣƴѪҲҪԪһǺݵġ
˻˵Ĵ򷨣˲Ԫæ
ҶҲǸǵģǧʵˣܹԪѪ
ΣԪҪġ
һʱ䣬֮Ʒ˸Ҷ׷Ԫˡ
ԪֱѪƫ˲Ҷƴ
ΪѵҶǰΪŵӵĻᣬֵ
ž
һ죬гһ£ԪͱҶߵõ岽
ߣˣˣ⵱ڣֱѪԪȴսȦԪҲǿˣҶץסߡ
Ҫȥ˵ηη֮£ҪҶˡ
ȭҶ棬ȴͻ
ǰӭսԪ䣬֪ԪСȴԪѹŴ򡣵ȵſֽƴԪȴѹŴ
ս֮ʤȴȫʵƺ롮¡һйء
ҶԼԼһսץסʲôȴЩ˵
ǾҶһ֣Ԫֱ
ʤ˾۸ˣ򲻹˵ˣԪ䣬ı𣿡ҶȻؿڵǿȴ˳˲١
ڶҪһ
ʤˣãɳɸҶ
ֻҪҶܹԿԪ䣬պҲòԪһ˵۸ˡ
һ۵ӴʱγѣҶ־ϲҶĿ⣬Ѿһء
սܵԪȴƵֱѪƫƫַйǸоֱԪ䷢
ߣ̧ڽط
Ԫŭһȴûм۵ӶԪӵջҪ˵һϴţŸϴˮ˲һսĻȻûˡ
Ҷ棬ţɹΪŵӣƴڣҲҪҪ
֮£Ԫż۵̧ڽȥˡ
Ԫһߣԭص۵ʱԱޱȡ
ƺҲҶʦ֣һЩ۸Ҷ۵ӣ޲͸Ҷ˵ԼǰԪڽָʹġ
Ӧ˼䣬ҶҡҡͷˣЩˣѡ
Ԫһսվ࣬ҶҪ
ɷĶ෿ݣɷõᣬɹͨҲԪڽ˵ľס֮
ʦ֣ҷſҪȡʤˣôתۼ䣬ͱǷˣڽڣһ۵Ӳʵ
һԪĿЩС̫ƻ׼պҪ˻ˡƴĴ򷨣ҪȻߣ
ԪȭͷصҵľϣУľԪһȭҵķѡ
ʦ֣Ҷѿѵô׾ٵķŹ
ʦ֣һҪΪұ𰡣Ҫ㲻ʰҶ棬ҶԺɾҪͷʺˡڴϵڽֿ
ߣңԪŭ
죬ٹ죬ҴʱΪŵӣֱԪŭ
ʦ֣ҶһֱܷϣҼǵһǰΪѪһ۷嶼ûдﵽôһ²Ĺ򣬾ͻƵѪ۷壿սֱ׷ʦ֣һ۵Ϊɻʵ
ǰڽҲһίʮǰ׻ʱƨҷţڡ
ףԪͷ͵һ
ˣ϶ǶʮǰǴμסǷļ϶˺öԪȻ
ӻߵҩҲѪԪǱѪԪЧõĲ
ڽͻشһˣ϶ʦ֣̫ƻ׹϶ǽ˸ĺñȲЩȡ͵͵ãΪͻͽģ
ڽһ˵ԪҲֲãİֻһЩ·⣬ԭͽö쵰ǿɶ񣡡
Ԫһŭһ졣
ڴҧгݵڽͻһתʦ֣Ҷ϶ʣĺñȻΪ㣬ôĵʦԿ
ΣԪ
ʦ֣ΪѪ۷ѾܾˣܹõҶõĵҩһ壬˵ܹһͻƵѪأֱӽΪŵأڽ
Ԫһ
ңʦֽ괳ȻɹĿԺܴ󣬵ϾûʮİǰɣڽϢһѻ
Ԫ͵һû˵ô죿


11 ҹ
ҹضڡ
ϥصҶ͵վ𣬿ϵ˫Ȼһ־էľ޸С˫ȭѪ֮һ㣬
ȻһȭڵѪٱӿ֮ʣ˲һѪ飬էһһżҶƤߣҶȭͷɢȥ
Ѫ飡
ʯҺҶŴѪԪ£ҶΪڽҹһٿѪءѪľ硣
˷֮£Ҷ͵ɽȭÿһȭ˱ըˬУҶ˷ֱܵС
𣡡
˫ȭһգҶ͵Ծŵ洷ȥɽȭһʽܴأ
飡
Ҷ˫ȭ̺ĿֲضĻζһЩɢʯ鶼õ
һĻҶۺϲɫ
ҶضϰɽȭΣܴһУʩչ飬ûй
ţҶ޲ȻȥԪ䣬úõĳһڶ
꣡
һ죬Ҷǻϲı˸תһ顣
ضϵǸʯҲǸÿʱ׼ʱʯҺʯͻشӸ۶ϣ
ȭ𶯣Ȼʯˣ
лżʪİʯٿضǶ񴦣Ҷüͷ
Ҷ治֪㲻ּһȴҶܾġҲܵġʯˣʱﻹ᲻ʯҺ
ĿǰԣʯҺҶô
ڣǽܳһʱڣʯҺҶҲǼΪպҶΪŵӣŵõŵҩѪԪʯҺЧǲġ
õѪԪһš
ʯ˾ٲʯҺҶˡ
ʯҺǴģôģͷʹ䣬Ҷ濴Ŷ϶ȥʯ˼
ŵȥʯ񣬳Щϸ΢еһп֮⣬κָ֮һ󣬾һ飬ʯۣ޳档
Ҫ˵ʯҺʯڲģҶ滹治š
ѵŶ񴦣ҶĿͻһѵʯ֮Ǭ
صĿһҶ滹ǽԼǶڿһ̽˼ȥ֪ʯ񱳺ʲô
бֻһУ
٣õʱʯҺ˵
һ缴ģҶ뿪ضŸϪˮϴһ壬׼طϢ
ʱڣֻҪҶÿʯҺͻٵ߳һ۹߳๸ĺںڵȳཬѾĻҰɫ֭ԽԽ١
ǷʯҺ֮ųڵʣҲҶĪĺô
ת·ϣҶȴСĴܣںڰ֮У±˷м¶ض
ԸķǰҶȴһ㣬ķʱԪһ֮Ҷɳƴ޺ˣᣬˡ
ԶԶȥڸһƬǼ
ã
һҶ漲ڣͿɳɻѪʵʵڵϣﻹһ˫ӡ
ҶһϢɳ͵
ɳɣ˭ɵģ˭ɵģ˲ô࣬ҶȴǼǰ׼Ϊɳɽ⿪

أɳɼ˫߿Ҷ棬۾ŭʹķ۾ҶɫǾͷֱ۷ýԼιȥ
Ҷȡɳеʱɳɿ
ͬʱɢڵ鴲͵رҶ˹ӰͬʱӴ±߱ͬʱȭȭ磬Ҷ湥
ƽ°ǺôĹ˵ɲǣһоͶˡ
ƽ°ԪĹӣˣƽʱԪƣû۸ˡƽ°⹷ˣԪͷͷ϶ڸ
ͷһҶġ
ùҲĳ°Ҷ濴Ҳһȭ͵ԼͷĴȥڰУҶѪ鼲ٵĹҶȭͷȻ͵ر
飡
꣡
ͷǲȺ
Ҷһȭ׼ȷĴ壬ƽȭͷ˸ӲӲ
ҵ֣
ƽĲҽʱҶѾһ˴Ҳĳ°
Сϱߣ
ɳɵʾɲǣҶͷ͵ض쳹
Ҷ棬군ˣ
ЦŵԪͬһݶҶ浱ͷϮ䣬ǹѪ˲Ԫ˫ȭһȦ˫ȭľ羹ȻҶͷ紵ɢ
˭군һأ
׼Ҷһɽӭȥ
飡
˫ȭӼ䣬ҶӲԪһ͵Ϯֻ΢΢С벽ѣ治ɫ
ԾԪ俴ֻС벽Ҷ棬ɫرѿ쳣
ʱ֣ҶӲƴʱҶҪڣӸʩչɱУѾռ˼ƣҶֻС벽
һɱУӣҲɣҶ棬ʱȴûһ㡣
Ԫ𾪵ǣΪҲ޷һ֮شƽ°λѪصʦܡ
Ҷ棬ȴ˲ƽ۶ϣ°ʱҶеȻڲͣĲš
˲أԪû˵
Ԫ䣬Ȼ㣡վҶһ
ߣΣ
ԪǱ뷨͵ϮҶ棬شҶ棬ٴҶҩʱĿ޷ɣҶʵԪЩ׼ԪҲû˼ȥ뷨
ߣһԪʹ˳ߣѹûиҶһ뷨
ԪԴ⣬ƽʱڰɷаԵˣˬ˾ߡˣ˾ˣĹˬˬԸⲻԸ⣿
Ҷȴŭˣıˡ
򲻹ߣҶ治ɵһЦ͵ȥģ£


12 Թ֮ϲ
Ҷ沽ƣ˿ûзŹԪ˼
ԪûиҶ˼ϵҶ棬񷴹Ҷ׷ƨԪƤٺҲе㲻˼ˡ
Ҷ׷£Ԫ伸ĳԿͽĹҲסˡ
ҹģԭ˯úٰܳɷ۵Ӷ⶯ˣ쳤ӿϷֱҶ׷Ŵհɷ۵ӵһ˵ݣϣͳԲסˡ
Ҷ棬ĪΪ㣡һУԪע£Щŭĺ
ʦ֣һݣһ˵ƽأԽݡ
£Ǿ
׷ԪҶ͵ȭڳһеļơǷ˵ǲ£ǲǾˡ
ԪҲĿ֮£ҹǲսպڰɷ壬ͱ̧ͷ
ãȻͱҳȫ㣡һŭԪ˫ȭټľ磬ȭҶ档
ܳ
ߣúã
Ҷȴǲܣȭһ䣬ͬҲһǺܳӭȥ
δͻǰԪƴƽ֣ҶѾͻƣֱӸӲӲΣ
ҶһģһȭӭԪͷɵЩ𣬷Ӹ͵Ϯûռ˵һĻֳǰ
飡
һ˲䣬ҶӲӲԪ׻ȭͷϴľ޴岻ȥ
һɲǣͱռȻҶߵõɶһѪڰоͿ쭶
Űӡеֻڿ۵ӵĿ˲һҶĿͱȻ
ܣܴңͻˣҲѪسڣңѾѪ۷塭
ͻƵѪѪ֮󣬻ߵڱʱƻ쭣쭣ȴԭΪġ
Ԫ䱾ֻǧѪ鱬ܹ֮ﵽǧͷҶѪ۷ʱΪãʹﵽǧ
һǾǽӽǧ˾޴Ԫ䲻ܲŹ֡
Ҷ沢ûԪĽȽɳɡ
ɳɵΣȴҶ沪Ȼŭɳɻ˺ȻԪһ˺Źˡ
Ҷ棬ҹɱڣҪ㣬㲻ڣҿ䡣ɳ˵Ҳҿ㲻ڣҪȻͱ쵰óˡˣôˣȥˣ
˯ţȥߡ
Ӧһ䣬ҶѾˡ
ǰ˵۵ΪǸѡаҹ͵ϮԷöԷʧȥʸģû뵽¾ȻԼϡ
һ룬Ҷ涼Щ¡
Ԫǳɱǻᣬ˯ٱ£˯⵽ͻȻϮҲҪԪǵİһãһӣɾͻԪ쵰ˡ
£ȴҶһǾӡ
һҶת˵صԪ䣬ɷ硣
㡭㡭Ҫʲô
ʲô
һ䣬¶һ˸źİʱҶ̧ûͷûԵĲԪ䡣
Ķ
㰵ң

һʱ䣬Ѫҽͣ
ȻԪҶ棬Ҷ;ԲùӳǴɻ䣬Ǵ˴УȴǺܳ顣
ʰԪ䣬ҶĿֿһ˫սƽ°˸ҹ͵ϮҲԲܷŹ
أԼ֣Ҷƽ°ȻһЦ
ûҶ涯֣ǰڽƽĿԪĲ˫ϥһ鲻ԽĳҶ˹ȥҶʦ֣ңңȫڽ˵⣬ȫڽߥǵģ
ڽҶٴһ䡣
֮󣬰ɷ嶫ߵڣͷëĲҽУɽҹ
ҹɫ糣ȴû֪ɷ˵ˣѱĵĸı䡣

峿ɷ۹Թµͭ𣬾ۼ۵֮󣬰۵Թ¿˵տսԪ䣬ȡѡףԪأԹһ㡣
Թ£أɵΪ²øһԪĿڶ۵ӵ
Ԫǲ԰׵ɫƣԹȴ־ŭԪɷѡԪأģ
ԹһʣȻ۵ӻشԹµ⡣ƽﱻԪ۸۵ӣͼӴ׵Ľҹ˵һͨ
ԹһŭԪϾһ˿ϲɫڴǣԹ½ĻȴԪеһ˿ڴˡ
ʲôԪ䡢ƽ°˷Ҷ涼ˣ
Ԫ䱻Ҷһȭ͸ˣ
Ҷ棬˵ĿɶģԹһɫĿҶ档
ҶЩɻĵ˵ͷЩ㲻ԹҪ

ҶͷԹ·Ц
ãããܹһȭԪ䣬ǳɹϣܴҰɷܹһλɹ۵ӣǱĿٲһʱҰɷ۷ƷףҲһСף
Ц꣬Թٴ̲סĹЦ۷ƷһСףǱ¹Ͻ۵ĿҲӰˡ
һЦԹһ߷ԼĹ·ٽǰԹ»ͷҶȵҶ棬Ϸ㲡ݣ۲ȫսڳ
ԣҶϲڶ۵ӵ¶۵ɫԪɫȴرɷס
⻹ꡣ
̤ŵԹһ䣬ͳԪȵԪ䣬ڽˣ۲ȴ⣬Լ취ɣ
˵꣬Թ¿Ҷһۣ۽ӹһ˿ĪЦ⡣
ҶףԹʾá
ѡΪҶ棬Ҫսߣ
ûУǻŸʲôȥ۲
Թµһȣ۵һɢֻ»˵ԪĴòңȻ˶ûˡ
ãԪԸķ֮һԹҶ棬ӵţ


13 Ǭ
ɳɣʰʲôҶصڣһԲĬĬʰװɳɣҶ治ɵüˡ
δڻشҶ棬ɳɵϾӹһ˿Ȼ
һ֮ڴѪͻƵѪصĿԾͺСˣϣǼãˡȴϼ䶪ıŸϳɽšؼңǰĵ뿪ϺÿЩɳ˵
ԱϣɳָָͷһͲѪԪҪˣҲûɶôˣҵǷݣҲһ˰ɣ˵ܶ
ɳɣ㡭Ҷܹɳеź˭ɳһߣͳԵˣպֻͨˣججĹһӡ
Ҷ棬˵ˡ²㣬ûˣһͻƵѪصĿҲûУҪ֣ҲֻܹԼ
˵ɳͻسҶһȭͷų˲ƵЦ⣬ǰܹԪ䡢ڽ⼸ңûκźˣȻԳ֣
ʵ˵ҲлʹԪڽġҶɳɵĻͻ˵
ʲôɳһͿЦҡͷ
ɳɿЦҡͷɲǣҶ潫ԼһͲѪԪݸɳɣ˵ΪͻƵ۵ӣͲѪԪǼǿҩп۵Ӿʹͻơ
£űãôûɳüͷȻš
ôھͲѪԪԲ֪ˡҰš˵ţҶİɳšƿѪԪ
ֻڲ䣬ܿɳߵʱҶϿµʯҺͻͲѪԪС
ԣͲѪԪ˵ͿͻˡҶߵ
ⲻ̫ܰɣǰҲܹѪԪģƺҲûʲô氡಻ҶĴߴ٣ɳջǽҶϵͲѪԪһ
ɳϥϵʱҶͿɳɶͷѾҶ֪ʯҺҩѾ
£ɳӦܹͻ˰ɣһҶ治˽ҹȥضΡ
Դضʯ֮ҶһһֱڰС¶˵ʯٲʯҺҶ޶
ҶϲǣҹʱʯѴһ㣬ȻʯҺҶϲ־֮ʣȴȷһ¡
ǾǴ˴ʯҺԲʯɵģʯҺʲ϶Ǭ
Ҳ˳ѵʯ񣬿ҵʯҺıһ˲䣬Ҷ涼һһ̽뷨ˡ
˺һᣬҶ滹ס嶯ѵ뷨
ҲʯҺһ֮£˵ʲôûˡңڳʲôҶãƾԸڵΪڳɶĻ治ʲô¡
ڣÿʯҺΪʵڲ
˵ҶԺΪˣҶŻ̽һ¾
ҹɳɿϲż־żֿ
ͻˣͻˣҶ棬ͻˣ
ŻǺɫ๸ɳ˹ҶҲû뵽һžͰɳɸ߷ˣʯҺ¶ǣͻƲŹ֡
Ҷ˿ûȤ˵ǡˡҶЦ
ףôôˡͻƵĿϲܿɳɽ˿ȥɽϵˮ
ɳԶȥӰҶЦˡ
ɳĸǣʯҺֵ
ҶΪһǰѪһؿ쭵ڵѪأһǰҶ浣ĵɽһһȵŴ󿼣ڶͬʦֵܵľ˳ͨˡ
ҶڵĿ꣬ѾڼҪŵϡ
ŵӸŵӵĴνر𣬱Ҷ治֪ѪԪѪԪЧǾһϣһ¡
ңֻҪΪŵӣͿԼѡصĹ似Լѡ޵Ĺ似۵ͳһѪɽȭЧر
˵ŵѡ޵ĹһЧֵ۵ӿѪˡ
ԣһΪŵӣһӵϵƣҶδߵ·ԹĺôҶѪƷ׵µĵӣʱ䣬Զȱġ
³һһ磬ɷ۹Թ¾ԽҶ͵ڵض塣
ⶫ壬ռؼ㣬ںųʮǧʮ۵ӷ־Ӹ۷֮⣬ǧŵӡ˵еŵӣⶫ
һ·ϣӸ۷ǰĵﲻԹ½Щˣ۷ѡ
Ҷ氡ҪעҶ˵ˣסҪǿʤֻҪʵʵĳɹܹΪŵӡ
һ£ԹֵϷ۷壬ܷһƷƷģȫˣɹʱϷһݺ
񣿡
Ҷ΢΢һЦͷҼסˣлԹ£


14 
ȿȥصʯϱߣˮ㣬⻪ţԼһԾڻԾš
֮ȡ֮⡣
ʱŸѾ½½ۼ߰˰ٺˡ˸۷ѡ֮⣬󲿷ֶɫεŵӡ
ÿ۵רſԾסڶŵӶԣһֵ顣
ҽԪ̿ˣʯķȻһһ߷ʯףһһһϾŷ棬һһһ
ʦ֣˵мͨʮˣǲʮˣ
һĺŵǼ֣ǸΪԪŵĶ̣ע߸ﲻ
ţǼλԪ˶ĵ۵ӣҲܵ˵Ĺע
ʯķȻһΪʮꡣ
촽΢΢һŰȻȻʮ꣬ȴźͳ˲µ̫ͣѨĹĵģ˸䣬棬ԵѪ
߷һʯףȥȴΪͣȻͣ˫в¶ţȴΪˡ
ɵȴϾŷ棬Ǿ޴Σվڶ۵ӵУǺȺһ㡣ξʮµŵȣҲǿ쳣ȼߡ
ȰĴ֣˭ỳ˫̺Ŀֲ
ΣҶԼԼף棬žνߡΪǴﵽѪѪ֮ǱԿֲ
ҶͻȻӰɷɱĺȻûŵӽԪĵʸˡ
ϸĴһᱻԪĵ۵ӣҶѾһ֮ޱҪЩѡеٮٮ߳ͻ
Ŀꡪ˳Ϊŵӣ
ҶԼ׼ȥǰŵִ±ʱɫ꣬ͲסҶ棬һλͷúĨס׶
Ҷ棿ǺĨһƵʵ
ǣλʦ֣Ҷ漱æּ
УȽɭϣ۵Ӽŵӡŵӡ洫ӡŹ¡ִ±üŵӼŵӡ洫Ź¡ִˡ
У洫ӵʵʵλȴҪŹִ¡ŵĹִ¼洫ӣġ
ǰλɫĨɫĵӣһŵӣҶ治СģҶһУҶ涼ûضȥ
һҶͷɫʱ˸ףǺɫĨĳ£
ҵ˭ԭõԪ䣬ǱСӷϵģĨŭҪõһ֪õܱ²˵أѡҲˡ
磬ϻʲôһ۵ӣ˵ҶҪ˵ʲôʱһŵѧԵĺߣܴжֵӡ
ѧһ˵һ۲Զִ£׹ֱжֵ˼
ߣҶԿϷʮ꣬û˵˸ǰμ۷ѡɷ۹ԹЩɭѧ˱
Թµĳ֣ѧֵԸֱգǻòԹ¼
ڳιµĴڣ͵ģҲŵӣһֶйŵӣɲҰ
Ҷ棬ǣȵʱҲŵӡڣŵӿǽֹ˽ģΣ
Թһ仰ֱѧΪԹ˵ûһҶΪŵӣһ£ǻҶûа취
лԹ£
ҶٴεлԹȴҶļϷܵİɷĿȫˣϷ㡣
ҶԹЦ̣ԭɾͻһǻŭɵը˷Ρ
ﳤտԪ䣬Ԫ伸֮󣬼Ԫڰɷư֮û⣬ֻԪΪŵӣû뵽ˣԪ䱻Ҷˡ
ҶȻܹɻѪ۷Ԫ䣬ܿҶɹĻܴ
չ˵Ԫ䱻˸ˣѾܶˣ𶼱ˣԼ̧ͷˡ
һҧһᣬóһҩƿҶЦˡ
һϴ赤ҸԪ׼ģȻ޷Ϊŵöϴ赤Ǿöϴ赤ΪõԪ䱨ɣ
һɲǣ;ŵҩƿ
ϴ赤һϴ赤֮˭ܹǰ쵰Ҷ߳öϴ赤͹˭
ˢ
ǰǧ˵Ŀ⣬ʱͼеҶϣһЩҶϵĿ⣬Щȡ
ϴ赤ΪͻƵѪشʱ֮ҩѪشЧֱӹغŵԪ
Чȴŵӵеϴ赤ϢϢء
һöϴ赤Ŵļ۸񣬸ǸߴһŹ׵㣬г۸ǧӶֹ
˵ÿһλŵӶԣÿһϴ赤Ƿǳġ
ѡֵĿĶҶ棬ЩˣҶĳεļֻҪкʵĻᣬõһϴ赤ƺɡ
ոջתһߵԹ£ʱ޵
ΪֻҪҶ治ǿʤɹĿǼģڣͣȴ˲佫Ҷ˾֮أҶ͵ɡ
£ҶҪɹĿԣ˲ؽ͡
Ͳ˭б£Ҷޱȵʼ磬ѡƵĿ⣬ǰִ¡
ԶȻüë͵һҶʯףüͷȴһ¡
ִ´ˣɷҶǰҶ湧ĵԼķơ
Űɣִޱ˵
Ⱥ˰Σѡȫִ֮ºһָطһ˶ĤʹĽʱ˰
רΪ۵ӿŵϹأǳɹ۵ӣΪԿԽΪŵӡ
ͬʱȴǰʮӣҲн¡һĵӣϴ赤һöѪԪʮöڶѪԪʮöĵʮѪԪö
˻ʱһƬҶҲǶݲѣǵһĽ
ʮöѪԪǿŵʮĳ˵ǵһϴ赤Ľ˭õһʵʱܹһء
һϴ赤ƺĺܸȻһĽࡣ
Ҷ濼ִִ̫࣬һ⻪֨Уص
ڵ


15 һ
ٶȲ̫죬ԼϢһˣ˽֮󣬺ײҽʱͣ
Ҷλм䣬Ҷ̤ʱǡÿǰߵһλ۵ӱڵ׮ֱɨɳߵˮء
ֱ̭
ݣ
һƺǾ͵׮͵شǰҶɨһһᷭҶͶ׮
ͬһʱ̣׮ӭҶжҶ޴ء
׮Ҷƣ͵һȭȭͷҲ׮ݺݵĺһǸžͭɫ׮һ͵˻ȥ
ڵһһɿͷͨͨƺ֪߶Ϊ
ֻҪ·ص׮ͻ˷ͣĹ·ߣԽֻ߻
ͬʱҶһθ۵ӣͨŹҶǼ׮֮͵ؼ׷Ҷ˫ۣǳȡ
Ҷ棬£һϣ۵շҶ档
ҶȴͷҲûأ͵һԾܿһûֵ۵ӡ
飡
ҶԾ֮һ׮бɨ˹ҪҶ棬ҶǡԾλɵҶ͵۵Ӿͱ׮ɨ˸š
ڿУ޴޴ܣ˾ֱӱ׮ɨĺ˳ȥ£ôһƬˮ
ɵƣ
ҶһıġֱǱϴ赤۾ϴһ㣬Ҳʲôطʲôʱ͸Ҷ׬͡
ⲻû׬ԸΪŵӵĻ˽ȥ
Ҷ淢ֻ֣Ҫʵˣ̫ѣҲԹΪζҶ汧˴ĵԭˡ
һ·׮СǰʱʱӲƴһ£仹ϳ˺üλ۵ӣղҶ׬ɵðҶ浹û
һ·ϣͨͨˮڶͣ˴ʧܱˮС֮£ҶеǰٶȣĿġ
ҶƣȻֻѪسڵʵΪĴѪԭѪʵսӦýӽӵѪصս
ҪȻҶҲӲӲһȭѪ۷Ԫ䡣սΪĻҶѾӵŵӵʸˡ
£Ҷ洳ͷˡ
ʯףһҷȻģȥٽһԣľͷһȻķȻʯ״òɿ
һҼҴɱȭ
ߣҼҴƾʽҲǳصģʯ׺ȵ
ս䣬ȻʯȴǸʩչ˼Ҵ似ǼҴ似ȴǱڴµɽȭ
ȴ׮չתŲĹŶԷ˭ҲԸ˭ͨȵҶ浽︽ʱѾսʱЩ
ŷȻʯ֮սҶȴһһμɽȭ֮似էһ;þޱȡ
ڼսķȻҶ浽ȴһãҽ㣬ϵͣһϴ赤ҶԣǷǳõģ
ǣҶֵܺñ¡ʯ״ʱҲˣ˶е⣬ҶֵܾȻܹߵ
һһ仰ȻҶ涸УʯȴҶøС
Ҷ¶һ˿Ц⣬ʯͻֵҶ֣֡
޳ܣʯ׵Ļû˵꣬Ȼɫ䣬ҡ
ҶԣȴȻһ˼⣬⵱еϵ΢Цҡͷܾˣҿλֳʤͨ
ΪĿǰ۷Ȼʯ˭ʤ˭ҶΣǵڶߵ𣬶ڶĽȴûκ
ȻսȴǲףмҴ似ΪһСģҶ汻ʧȥνΪŵӵĻǲŽп
Ҷܾʯ׵üͷȴǽȻһԴҲսʤҶʯ׵֡
սãʯ·磬żͻأʯ׾һҶСģ
ʯȴǱȻһķɣ֮ʣһµһתƺѵҶ߼ԾȻһֱʯ׵ĺġ
ۼʯ׾ҪȻĸŵʱ򣬱ʯͻһ͵ظ߸Ծ𣬴Ҷͷɹ
գۼ䣬ƾ䡣
ŻʯȻƴһʯһԾҶ׵壬ҶȻɱ
µͷҶȻҲ˷Ȼһܳӭ˷Ȼ
ǷȻҶֵɲǣոתҶʯһ͵ƹҶ棬ŷȻϮ
Ȼȥ
ֱϣ
ɲǼ䣬ֳƾ͵ءֻ˵ʯ׵ľ߻£˶һ
˲Ϣ䣬Ȼһж
ɣ
һҵˣлãۼŷȻԼҶֺϻ߳ʯɵЦ
Ҷüͷ͵һ壬ͷĪЩʯףȻҲ˽ȥ
һȻüͷһǰȻϢŨͻһΣȻܲҶĹϮ˴͵Ϯʯס
飡
һȭƽտԵ÷̶
ȻȫһʮþȵʯȻ֮⣬ʯ׻䣬Щ
ҶȭȴǺ谭ĺ˲ķȻļͷһбʷ̫ˣҶֻܱܵһ㷴ӦֻȭͷзȻɲǣ˼ɵ
ǣҶεͣһȥʯҲпܵģȻ˼ǺķȻɱҶˣֱȥ
󷽸ոεʯ׿Ȼ䣬ϣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
һ̣Ҷʯŷͻزһ˿񣬷ԺзȻһӣƺ˳ۡ
ʯ͵رξҶ棬ֱҶĵڶĵһ
κΣʯױҶжξ룬ҶҲ֮䣬ͳ嵽ľͷ
ľͷҲһȺصĴţ֣һ䣡֣ȴҶͷһѵֹˣ
ǣϲҶֶõһ
ڶִյȻʯף⹧ϲҶ飬Щڡ
ãܺãֻҪʯûõһ˳ˣķȻʩʩȻĴһִյ㡣
Ǻ˵ͷȻûˮ
Ҷ棬ҷȻǷһ飡
ȻȴֱʯףֱԽʯ׶Ҷ˵ȻȻҲ֪ҶһȭˣҪȻһȭὫֱӺˮУϡ


16 ֮
⣬һʪ͸·һˮ۵ӣ˵Խڴ
ŵѧ۾ɵøƵģĶˮֱҶӰǸˮﶢ
Ϊǵ۵ӣֻܴˮ
Զһļλ۷ĹµĿ⡢ǰɷԹµĿ⣬Ҳͬˮ
ԹµĿȴĿǡǡ෴ȴҶӰˮǶҶƥ˺
ʱʱģԹµĿĳɨϼۣڴҶӰǴسɹĵӣͻĳڳ֡
˵ԣˣ۾ǵɳѪҶҲǱɹѪصΪ츳Щѣһϴ赤ͣ˵˭һţ군ˡ
ңһû㶢ڣĪΪҶ滹øһ˵ƹܵİɷĿꡭ
ͻأ˵λ¶شס;һѼһ㣬˵жྪȾжྪȡ
ˣˣԹ»ɲǣҲؾסһܰɣ
һ۾ɵøƵѧһ߳Ҷ棬̲סĲ˲۾
ž
Ҷһ߳ŶһƬžڶ࿴ֵŵĿĶҶ棬ֱʲô
һҶ棡
䰡ͨ԰ׯͨԣǰִ¿ȷҶ֮ǰׯĽԪһշ˶ϲĿ
෴ģǰעЩŵӣһȴˣýе־˺˸顣
ǰԴһǰڶŵӿõ棬ȻɹĴΣȴŵ˵ھ
գ۵ʮǳɹΪŵӵ۵ӣֻʮ̭ʸߵþˡϣֻӵѪʵ۵ӣпܴ
Ҷ棬һĽһϴ赤ʮѪԪѪԪԷΪϴ赤ȴȵΪͻƵѪأſϴ塣
ڰµķȴǼΪɴ䣬ң۵Ŀпһһȵһʢ£ڵĸ߲У͸Էˮһƽԣ⽱ȴִµִµš
ҶԾǣִ½һĽŵԼеʱҶ淢֣Χ۵ŵӣȻȲѡ
ȻݽŵӶԣҲǲᡣ
ֵܣллҺ׬һʣԪеԪǻ£ȴһ͸žһǸ졣
ҶǰҲҶԸⲻԸ⣬Ҷ־羢ҶǶ겻ĺһ㡣
ֵܣǸģҲŵӵݣֻҪ㲻ͬ䶷̨մʱر𱳵ĻҲû취Ԫգ۾Զ޵ҧгݵ˵
ֵܣѪصΪõһ
ֵܡ
ֵܣڻòϴ赤ϴ赤Ұɣ
Ҷл˵ʱҶ治ɵ÷˸ۣ˰죬ԭԪһǿԼеϴ赤
ʣҶܾ˽ԪԪҲգЦҶļûϵ⡣úҶ治һֿǷĸо
ֵܣסҽԪȱʲôʲô飬ңҽԪض⡣
ԪСӣǶһүҪ뵹ɶȱɶˣ㻹˵ԪСͨ󰡣Ϸµʱ򡣡ԪﳤȥʱһϲɫԹҶԡ
ǣСӿǸϷһľϲϷۼϷ򶼲ţ㾹Ȼܹõһ£Ϸİɷһܲģ
Ҳ̵ҶЩǫĽڵ˵һ£˵ʵȻҶʵڣżҴ似ķȻʯףҶκһҲûбʤİա
ò˶ãͻ֣ᷢҲʵһ֣
ԹĪĸп൱ϷʦֵǣģϷߵøˣɾ͸ߡϷûģֻܹܹЩСˡ
ԶִѾߴҶ
Ȼ˵ҶѾɹΪڵŵӣǣΪΪڵŵӣɲʲô򵥵飬һѵҪ죬˵Ҫʦү
ڵ۵ӣҲǸͷӡȥҶǴǰݣΪŵӣǽˡ
Ҷ棬ȥɣΪŵӣһΪ顣
Ҷ棬סһŵӵִ֮½Щ½ŵӽؾ¥ѡ似ʱеʱȲҪؾ¥ѡ似ҡԹ½
ΪʲôҶЩȻ
Թ΢΢۾㲻ϷϷẦ㣿
ô᣿Ȼ֮ʣҶ˵ͷл㣬ˡ˵꣬ʹ󲽸ִ´½ŵӷȻһ˵Ķ顣
˼ͻ·ߵʱҶЦһʱ
ˬ˵պˮ죡
Ҷ棬ӵţΪŵӣҲҪõܱ͵ɣҶ˵ģʧܶӵȴǽһڸҧֱ죡


17 Թµĺ
ʦŹ桢¼ŵȵһϵеʽ֮Ҷһ쵽һԼֵİ֮ʽΪһڵŵӡ
ˣһʮˣѾʽڵǽΪһŵӡŵǧ࣬ڶ࣬ԣŵӣûʸʦġ
һ£һֱҶ˵ִֵļ£¹ǵǰ;Ҫˡ
һеİǵ֤зʦʦƣ쳣Լ¼ǵŹ׵㣬ԼϢ
ڶȻûʸʦŻΪŵӰʮλŽϰʲôɻ󣬿ȥŽϰ
ÿһλ½ŵӣԽؾ¥һ¥ѡȡ似ؼһ˺뻻޻߼ĹؼŽ֮⣬ҪԼŹ׵һˡ
ģǾˡΪŵ֮ʱӣǣÿ£ÿ˱һʱֱӷǡڣ԰׷ģ
Ҷú棬֮£ŵӵĴ۵ӣǾرˡ۵ӵҪ۲ˣŵӵҪ
һһѹʲô۵ʱÿҪгʱġ
ˣҸǽЩˣڣǿԽؾ¥ѡ޹ˡִµָԶʵһ¥
ŵеĺôƸ۵ÿ෹̸ʣִһ˵ǰȻĴڣҲ̲סӿ첽ȺڵĲؾ¥
Ҷ֣һ𣿡˷֮ɫʯ׹кҶһҶ治ɫҡͷܾˡʯ׹⽫Ҷս֣γ˶һľ棬Ҷ涸ضԴһ˿衣
Ҷ棬Ϊβȥؾ¥ѡ񹦷ؼ֪ѡһ죬һ죬ӵһƣҶ沢ûȥؾ¥˼һԵִͻؿʵ
ҶѾƳִ£ʵǶĹִܷ£˵йŵӳ
仰˵ǧŵӣִԼ
˵ؾ¥࣬ۻңƽϸѡҶ汾ֱ˵ΪԹ½ԭ򣬵׼Թ˽Ǹʲô˼ֻ˵
ԣִµɫȴǶһ뷨ǺõģŸŹҪȴڹؼֹ֮˽Ԯ룬һ֣Ϲţ
صһִ¾ʹȥֻҶԭؿЦѡҶû뵽ִȴͬӽؼ͵ˣ
Ҷ浹ûмȥԹ£ȻܺԹ˽Ǻ⣬ЩڴԹνĽȥԼڶŴ
֮£ŵĴͱ۵ӺöˣȻǶŶԺÿһĴҶþϲ
ŵеһɫһһɱӢͲƵĴҶ͸˳۵ӵ£ȴǺ̫ࡣ
ʰ֮Ҷֱɷ塣
ʦ֣
ʦֺã
ڶʱ򻹺ãߵĴ󲿷ֶŵӣɶȽ֣֮ǳ˶壬ǰɷ·ϣҶģȫµ۵ӡ
Щµ۵ӣһһµҶ棬ɫһ࣬ʱõ˵ԣҶ湪ʺá
ʱҶʮһ۵ӲڵʺãǸоʱҶЩƮƮȻ
ͻأһŵӲ֪ĸɽϲ˳ƮƮȻеҶֱߵǰʶ˰ŵӡ
̧ͷʱҶͿǰŵӲ˪һɢһҶ浨Īơ
ʦ֣ѹҶ漱æܵ˵Լ
״ŵɫԻһ£һֱҶĤﳤȥҶֺëըĸоΪ֮ʧһ亹ѾȻ
һ۵СȴҶ˾κˡ
ΪɹΪŵССĳɾ;Եãŵ֮ϣǿ̫ˡ
ŵӣǱ۵ӵλǿһϰˣǿ׳һϣϡ
Ҫǿ
Ҫӵǿʵ
ҪռĲһ㣬һǧˣʸִҲòӭ
һ˿ѿѾҶĵķѿ
Ҷʦ֣
ϲҶʦֳɹΪŵӣ
תɷ壬ڶɷ۵ӶԴҶ̬ȸӵĹҶ½ĸо
һ̣Ҷ氵ԾȶгɣһҪؼһˡ
Ϊģĸ⣬øĸĶѡ
Ҷ棬ΪŵӵĸоΣҶڰɷ۵ӵĹάȺҶԹЦʵʵ
ҶȴָָһɶһֲڿЦϣһֻǰǿ׳϶ѡ
ЦʵԹ¶¶ȻɫҶ棬ȷʵһΪΪΪŵӶ˷ܵҲű
Ҷ汨֮һ˿ɬȻЩΪѪ츳ڶֱӱ¼ΪŵӵĴڣֻŵ֮һ
˵Ҷ浱ʱƷľ츳ֱӱ¼ΪŵӵҶЩոռͷ۵ӽΪŵӵĴڣʲô
˵һ£ѪأŰ꣬Ԫɹ˵ųȣӲѹ£ҪȻܹԪ
Ҷ棬ҲԷƱһ;ηߵһȫ컯ˡ
һ£Թֵ㲻ؾִǲǺȳ㣿֪Ϊʲô㲻ؾѡ񹦷ؼ
ô֪Ҷһ棬ҡҡͷ
ǣ㴳֮ǰϷӦУɹһݺͣ⣬ʵϷ򼴽ĺйأԹ˵

ҶԲɵȻĶѵԹҪؼ


18 ʵ
߼ĹؼϷûǸ¡ϷǿĹҲ˽ƷȲؾһĹؼò˶١
ңϷҲûǸʸ㹦ؼڵŹֲǲ֪˽ŹؼҪϹŵġ
Թ··ܿ͸Ҷ˼һ㣬ŪҶһ죬һĨʧҶһҶ汾ΪԹ¿ܻһ߼һĹؼڿȴˣŹҲ
½ԶĹؼƷ׷ΪĽʮƷΪ졢ءˡĽףÿַΪƷ
ڴ۵ӵѪɽȭ㶼ǷƷĹؼڵĲؾ¥㣬ͬղصĹؼƷǲͬ
һղصĴǷ׵ĹؼӷƷƷУڶϣղصĴ˽ؽ׵Ĺؼ
ڲؾƵĵ㣬Ϊڹ˵м亱׹ֻڵŹ澭ʸڡ
£ŵܹѧϰĹƷףҲǷƷ˽׵ĹؼǽΪŵӲʸѧϰġ
żŵΪ´󹦣Ҳܹʹ˽׵Ĺؼ
ϷȻܴ㹦ؼϷȴܸһúһĹؼĻᡣҶ¶ʧ֮ɫԹ»һת˵
Ҷ鶸ʧתΪϲԹֿˣҲ˵̫ˣϷҲǸָһ·ˣܲܳɹȫ컯ˡ
Թָ㣡
ǣҶ棬ڣֻŵʸ񵥶ʦȻ˵ŵҲѾǽ֮ڣڶ࣬ԣŵһֻԼѡ񹦷Լ
ҲȫŵӣסڶŵӰʮλϰ£Ӧ֪˰ɡ
ԵҶ˵ͷ
Ҷ棬֪ʮλŽϰڶ˾ְ
ִ˵ŵʲôɻʱȥŽϰҶЩɻĴ
ҶãʮλŽϰܹʲôã
Ӧʦɣ
ҶĴ𻰣Թ͵תʦ㵹˵˵Щ½ŵӣһŽϰʦ
Щ½ŵѡ񹦷ؼǰ̹ŽϰԼʺһĹؼ
Ҷ۾رƺյʲô
ʵֹһ½ŵӣЩеŵӣѶʮλŽϰ˰衣
ЩȨŽϰ֮λЩɢְ֮Ҳʹŵ֮еĳֵľӢϡ١
˵ԹζصĳҶ˵Ҫ֪ŽϰΪӵдڹĴڡҶ棬ҵ˼
ףҶæĵ˵ͷԹ»˵ˣٲףǾԴˡ
ǾͺãŽϰָԺܴܷúôǾͿıº컯ˡ
ףлԹָ㣡Ҷ湪л
ǶϷ͸ɻ⣿ԹЦеʵ
⣬ǳ⣡Ҷæĵͷ
ǻȥ
ҶҪתŵʱͻһ£æԹʵԹ£ֵɳڰɷ壬պɲԳɷ̽
Ȼԣɷ壬һӭءԹ˵
ԣҶȴǰһдһʣɳֻһҪΪڰɷɽضڵʯҺ
Ȼ˵ʯҺһȡҶùڵĻܻɣҲΪԼպɷҸڡ
л֮Ҷʹ󲽳ţٳŵʱԹµ
Ҷ棬Ϸ֪Ķʮλϰ֮УηɰνϰΪ˴зѧţָ̳۵ӵŵӣȥνϰԡԹ˵
лԹ£Ҽסˣ
ҶŲãԹµĿͻرЩԶɰףҪҵˣҰ͹ȥˣģͿǵļˡ
ȥ·ϣҶ治ͣ˼ԹµĻԽԽ˷ܡ
ŽϰֻΪҪָĵ̫࣬һƵʦɡڶŵӾŽϰ£ǰȥܱ࿴ĻǲǺܴ
Ҷ滹۵ʱϰŷµѪɽͳԾָĿͷ˺ܶ·
񣬾ûŽϰ࿴ԹҲǸָһ·
ңԹ˵ȥηɰνϰ϶ҲָģηɰνϰӦʮλϰбȽϺáȽġ
ɫǰǰһ죬һҶ沢ûϼȥνϰ׼Ϣһʰʰ֮ԡ֮ȥνϰ
ڶ죬һˬӢҶŶķ嶥
ΪŽϰڶλĸߣʮλŽϰ붫ִ£ǾסڻΪĵĶ嶥
ﶫ嶥ʱҶȴЩ嶥ʮϰԺһſҶȴ֪һηɰνϰԺ䡣
Ҷʹǣ嶥ϰ֮ȴǿӰԹԣŽϰƺŵأʱҸʣ޴ȥʡ
ʱɽӰ˸һԲӰŷ嶥ٷԾͷѹһ˷˶Ӧӵеġ
˵ǰҶϳ˭ʱѾЦֵҶǰһƾ
Ҷʦܣüĸʲôཱུӽ۾ֻʣһߵĽԪЦеʵ
Щϵ⣬νϰȴ֪νϰסһԺ䡣Ҷʵ
νϰԪķ¶һ˿죬ôҡνϰ
˵νϰΪ˴зصǰ̡Ҷ˵
νϰΪ˴зԪĴ͵һ֣漴ЩֵĿһһΪưܵԺǼſҵԺ䣬νϰԺˡֵܣҪȥ̺νϰˣ
˵꣬Ԫһǹһ㼲һϰ
ưܵԺ䣿
Ҷ淢֣żϰԺ䣬ſڿȥΪɾ࣬ݽޣֻнԪָνϰԺӲݴưܡ
ưܹưܣҶ滹ǽȥˣϾԹ½ܵģʵڲɣҶ滹ȥݰϰġ
̤ӲݣҶ洩Ժ䣬̤Ľϰ
ϰȴӲݵԺӵң²нľϽɢһأעĿȴǴ֮ŵֻʣصʯ
ʵ
էһ߸ֹݺᣬ£ٿһۣͻһ쳣͸Ҷ治ֱӡ
νϰ𣿵Ҷ̣
ˢ
ҶĻδ䣬һɫĽâȻڷɳҶ浱ͷն䣡


19 쾻
ͣ
ǣ䣬Ϸҷɣ
⻹δ£ҶͷͷǱĵһһأҶ˫ۣ͵صɵ˼£ؽҧһ
Ҷʹ˶񣬺͵նҶͫһ˲˼£Ѫ˲̣Ʒһӣǹ˽һ㣬˿
䵽ҶͷϷһʱ͵ضסͷƤгһѪߣҶ˲Ѫ档
ͷѪոͱϵĺһƬѪˣͷɲǣҶϰһ㺮˪
Ҷ۾ĶڶͷǺ⣬һ㣬Сɾˡ
ʱʲô֮ĴȫǳҶֻǺⲻҪ
ʱƺʹ̣ÿһϢ·𳤵޾ͷ
ҲһϢҲǹһҶͷһ紦ĺͻػһ㺮ɢ
߸ҵŵӣȴΨһһǽ⻹ܲŵӣðɣʸηɰһ⣡ˮȹɫ߸ְηɰ״úⲽ
ҶȴηɰôǸŮûˡ
ôһߵһͻһһʸ񣬶ңηɰ׵˼ǵһʸŵӡ
Ҷ浹ţǺ̺ŲŲˣôܣ
ʲôΪ˴зҶᶼ뽫ԹԲ㱻һζˡ
һգҶ淽̵ֱѪʱҶָж
ţ˷ҵʱ䣿ηɰϸĽüһĿһҶ棬޾ʱסҶ棬Ѫ̵ֱĸоٴϮ
Ҷ棬ոոմ۵ӽΪŵӣνϰӦֹʣ
Ѫ̵ֱĸоҶ澪ֵĽõĸ˳ŽͷһĻҶһ˿ԥηɰ׵ߣȴҶ档
ǰηɰףһƵļһ֧ᣬ֪ᱻֲηɰôʰ
۵½ŵӣηɰԵһ㣬ϸĽüһ䣬毺õϵɷ΢΢һɣȻĪ԰ɷ壿
ô֪ηɰһ˵ҶȻ֮ʣͻһֲõԤС
ηɰûлشҶ棬ֻоǼᵽһζ֮ηɰ׾͵سҶ࣬һָҶ棬ӿ䣬ĵѪӰ͵شҶĶͷ
ȻĵѪӰĵѪӰһ㣬ȫ
Ʒ츳۵֮ѾǶˣʲô۹⣿ηɰ׳Ľü͵
Ҷȴо
ƷѪ츳
ҶļǵãѪ츳ʱƷѪ츳ƷЩǿȴƷ츳ֻһߡ
Ѫ츳ôʯҺûãҶȻ뵽ԼΪ֪ϱߡ
ΧҶתȦҶηɰ׽üͻһ壬ԣûôλζ䣬͵סҶұۣƬٴδηɰ׵ָӿ¡
໣
һ춯صĲҽ͵شҶбųҶֻԼұ۾Ǳͨﵽһһ㣬ʹֱ첲
ͣ
һƼϸĻҰɫҺҶǽֱ罦˳ȥηɰʹħһ
쾻壬ֻһ㣬Ȼ쾻壿
ʹԴЩҶҲЩ㣬ƻҰɫҺ壬ײÿʯҺѪ֮ǻٵĻҰɫҺ塣
ʲôʲ쾻壬ҶĿںȳཬ
һᣬɫ߸ηɰ׷·ʲôһ㣬ͻطſҶ棬Ҷʵʲô֣
ڷǺҶηɰ׷һİۣʲôǱ
Ҷ棡ҶϻʵʵĻشˡ
ʮ꣬Ҳˡ
ηɰƺһ䣬ȴҶøӾȣŲʣ֪׼ȷ䣬ηɰŮˣҲ̫˰ɣ
δؾ¥ɣηɰͻʵ
ûУҲ֪ҶľѾ޷Աˡ
Ǿˣһ䣬ηɰͻسҶʵҶ棬Ȼ㻹δؾ¥ѡ񹦷ҾͰѡһ㣬Ը⣿
Ը⣬Ը⣡ҶеһϲӿͷͷСһ㡣
ԭŽϰڹǾҶеҶû뵽Ȼ׾ʹﵽĿġ
ŽϰڵĹӦûȲؾ¥һɣãҲʺԸģŽϰ۹⣬ɲҶЩ½ŵܱȵġ
ⱾѪԪ幦Ϊʺ쾻壬ʺڵΪֻҪ׺Ϳ̵ʱԪηɰƾճһؼӸҶ档
ӹؼҶϲʢνϰ⾫ѪԪ幦ǺƷףԼ˶ĺôҶ滹Ǽ֪ġ
ηɰһɣʱҶڲؾ¥һ¥ķ׵⣬ηɰ׻ò֡
ηɰһۣҶڨڨĲˣ⹦ؼֻҪʺԼȴӲؾһ¥õǿҶˡ
лνϰӾȸˣҶҶ׼뿪
ԣηɰ׵۾ȴһɣôţ˺ôôߣ
һ仰˵ãҶһֱĸоôηɰһؼͺһ㡣
ͣ
ηɰһббгͽǿʯʱжһ㱻еһС飬ȻһָʯҰʵһ֮һеʣµҰʯ𣿡
һʯĺȣһ£Ҷ˵ͷӦÿԣ
Ǿ͹ɣ
仰Ҷɴ⣬ҲƵתţһֻŸո̤ſηɰ׵Ҷ棬˸㣬ʯزʯӲȣͨʯ
仰·ըһ㣬Ҷ澪һģ͵شһʲô⾹Ȼʯ
ʯǿѪ۷ĵӶҪʮһʯ
ˢ
ҶĵĵڶһͻƿնҶͷһ紦ǿֲ̺ǿҶѪ
һ֮Ҫηɰ׾Ի̤ҵԺţηɰ׺ҶĶ
Ҷ滹˵ʲôֻһĵͷǺ˲ɢȥҶ»ָȥ
Ҷ棡
ͻأηɰ׵ٴҶ͵شһ顣
Ҷͷʱ򣬾ͼηɰ׳Ҷ˵һ֮ڣʲô⣬ʱң
תηɰ׶ηɰףҶͻһͷηɰνϰ׵ʱƺҲͦÿİ


20 ͻ
ѪԪ幦㣬˵ҶηɰõľѪԪ幦ֻ㡣
ɵһ㣬ϴ壬ǿȱڶ㣬ͻΪѪʢпн򵶽ˡ
ǽѪԪ幦㣬ܹһԪԪż
ȥǿ󣬾ǲ֪ƷΡҶŽϰóĶƷΣҲ̫
ֻǣҶԹ½Ƽνϰ£ƺûбô򵥣ڣʲô飬ҶҲ
һҶǳĿ϶һ֮ﲻνϰҪô³϶ܲҺܲҡ
ԣνϰ֮ҶҲܲȫȫνϰµľѪԪ幦
ϣҶϥڵѪ˰һһİضйʽнţѪԪ幦ĵһҪѪ塣
þڵѪӵĽܾøӾѪԴǿ
ηɰͻ֣ᷢҶڵѪ쳣΢΢һתѪˡ
ˣѪѪԪ幦ĵһ֮ھҶؿڵʱһ֡
鿰ĵһؿռһܵĻһ㣬ʲôƷʵѪֻҪҾҪһ£øΪ⾫
һԭѵĴѪһأҶͱףˮɵ顣
ҶΨһǷȱģǳѪһ㣬ҪҶջ۲ɵġ
ڣҶԣҲ⡣
ΪҶﻹʮѪԪһĽʮѪԪŵʮܹȡķ
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ּ֮󣬻ҪüⶾԲٴηѪԪ򣬾ͻһ˺
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ѪԪ幦ڴѪʱͻһСԣʣѪеĶԣھĵһؿռʱͻ鳹׵
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ԭۺ֮£Ҷʱ̷֮ʮѪԪĳɹ
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ʱʮѪԪĺҲǷǳ޴ġ
һѪԪҩҶ֮ͨѪϸϸܵģˮһ㡣

³һҶ滺۾âľһţԭƽƽ̫Ѩ˿̾Сһ
һ֮ھ˵һ㣬⾫ѪԪ幦еļ򵥺ܶƺҲûôѰҶգ۾˵
Ҷ͵ı͵ͬһ㱬ͬˮһѪ͵عҶоԼһ˲ƺθ˼硣
һָᵯָǱһը˿УԵı
һִУִҶģҶãȻʯٴԿԺ谭ѹȥ
Ҷ澫֪ʱ߳һ㱡ļǰɫཬĶҶǣཬĶȴûǰȳζһɵ㡣
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ѪԪһ죬ʮѪԪȻһ֮ڣͻƵѪء
ֻǿʼѣҶõֵľѪԪ幦һ㣬ߵһһ㣬һѹһ㣬ңҶҲûʮѪԪԴ
һ죬Ҷ쵽˳Ϊŵ֮ĵһѪԪ̷һѪԪ֮ҶľѪԪ幦н
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ڽƽЩˣѾϳڣһһȵĴûͨ۵Ӷû
ʱҶĵȥһ˰ɷɽضҶ㲻ʮһ֮ڣض֮ڲûȥʲôҰޣʮһʯҺС롣
һЩֹ󴳽Ĳ֮ҶСʯҺϢĻת˶塣
ҹҶһһ̷СʯҺʯҺ̺ǿҶΪͽҲڵѪӯ˼¡
Ҷ̫Ѩĵµʱһ˿ɫʻһ˿Ѫˮ罦ʱһѪɵҶĵ֮лɡ
ѪһɣҶڳӯµѪʱйһ㣬һĳ˵еѪУ͵ֱ̫ѨȥҶѹֲס־ĸоʱʧ
ͣ
һҹһҶ͵ĹǱ͵ǰһȭ
飡
ҶȭͷͣסɲǣҶԶŰ壬ȴǷһ죬Ҷһ
ϸһȴŰƳһ󶴣Ǹ󶴣СҶȭͷĴС
ѪԪ幦ڶأ壿Ҷһľϲ
Ҷúһ¾ѪԪ幦ڶصʱͻ˴̶
쿴쿴ذб仯ˣϰˣ
ذ񣿡Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ɵȥ


21 ű
Ÿոһŵɱ񣡡
ʮѾʮһλǰ壡ԶϲǰѾۼһȺŵӣʱذʱʱ仯Ľ˷
״ҶҲ˹ȥȥһ̽
ʵذţҶҲ֪ģڻΪ۵ʱذ۵֮иߴϵ⣬λ۵ܹ֪ذα仯ǱȻ۵Ӳ෹ȵ
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ľǼΪҵģ˵֮һһŴȻҪҼ֣ʱżѪȡ
ҪΪذĺô޴ŵܹɱ񣬲ڵĵλܹʵʵ档
ͨŵÿԴȡһѪԪһһѪԪŵһɱذÿһȡѪԪͻӵš
ˣڵذϵÿǰһٶʮӡܹذʮÿһȡѪԪԴﵽš
ذһٶʮڣÿһȡѪԪԴﵽĿţǳذǰʮÿһȡѪԪͿԴﵽš
ذǰʮǿͨŵʮԴ
ۺǣܹɱذһÿȡĵҩͻ浤
浤ǿŵӲеĸԪĵҩޱȡңǽһֶѡ
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սʤͿֱȡսߵΣ˵˳һλԽսĴڡ
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˵űڴһޱȡŵǽһ䣬߾ͻɵаħ֣ɱЩɵаħͻһĻ֡
ֱȥĵӼֲסаħ߳ű䣬ӻɱаħܻ֣Ϊذеݡ
Ҷֱ֪ϰӷսذ飬Ǻ桢׽һַʽ
ȴҲ̼һʢ¡
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ΪսͽٶȾһսǬǿһŵ֮УΨʮĳȻƷѪ츳ٶ
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ҶڵذϿ鷳ֲ֣ţ߻вٸ࣬ԭ˵ذŵӡ
ŵֹͣ˸ΧŵҲûΧ۵ĶиɢȥҶҲȺŷȥ
һߣҶһذ飬һҪ̵ʱڳϵذ񣬲ܴŻøԴŻøԴΪø졣
ͿһԵѭ
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䲻أȺеҶ汻бһ͵һһΣҡҡλֱŷĵȥ
ɽһ࣬ǿһۿͷƺҪǵȥҪǵġ
ǧһ֮ʣҶһ͵ط˸Ҫɽ֮ʣ͵ץסһɽʯһԾɽ
ɽϣͲһֻŰҶһȵѧһϷʵĿžδҶ档
ѧһԣվһԣһЦ⡣
ѧ뺦ӲǡҶĨһѶͷ亹ָѧ
ҶʦܣĲˣԼ·СЩˤôܹѧأЦ
ҲСģѧģ
ҾǹģôҧҰѧԼĶ⣬һҶ治εӡ
Ҷ汻ѧöͷֱʱѧֳҶЦô뱨־͸䶷̨ҸĻᣡ


22 Ҷ
䶷̨
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ŵֹ֮˽һ֣ضϳͣ仰˵ֻҪҶ治Ӧ䶷̨£Ҷ滹ûʲô취
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飡
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ĵһ룬Ԫ͵ؾһ£Ϊ֣˵ҶʵʱڶŵӶûκζ˵ѧʵʱڶȺעŵĿ͵ؾ;ۼϡ
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ҶѧٶԽԽ죬ȭӰԽԽóһӰƺһͷɽͻҶ棡
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÷ƷɽȭʱҪʲôʯüͷ
ڱǲᣡ죬ѹûнؾ¥Ȼһ˿ǡ
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ҶǱɵ˻զأ䶷̨£Ѿ̾Ϣ
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ͬһʱ̣ҶѾӰε׷ɱȥ
̨Ͼ׼Ҷһ͵סôܣ


23 Ԫĺ
䶷̨ϵѧҶ汥ȭͷϵͣڱжʼѪʱ򣬲űҶһ߷ɡ
飡
֫ϵѧĵǰľ޴ѧһĲҽŽĪ˸ѡ
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ҴҶЦҺôֻǸһĽѵɽϣҪҵţ
ʱҶҲͳ˺ǲƤ
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Ҿˣѧһֻ֣´ĳɾҲֹŵˡ
ʱֵ˿̣ŹսĪŵǲЩѾͷ뿪ŵӣǴڣǳʵһ䶷תȻûпʵĵط
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磬ҵ֡ǻһѧԼѪܵĶֵһ仰𡭡Ҫҡ𣡡
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㻹ҪҪ
żҶһıӣһ˵ذŵӣҪһոճΪŵӲʮ䶷ҺܻɣƤǲǱ䶷̨Ҫ񣡡

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ҶСйŹְԺ£һܷŹԪ¶ĵ

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24 ѡؼ粨
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׺צƷ似
ƣƷ似
ȭƷ似
ȭƷ似
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ܿ죬Ҷѡ־ʺԼ似ҶУ似ûǿģֻʺϵġ
磬ŵα׾ȥβǾһǻУ෴ģˣʺȭһƴȭ
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Ҷȳƣǿصͨˣĺܶ似ʺҶ棬ҶĹѪԪ幦ȴص㡣
ѧһսҶʶ˾ѪԪ幦İԵһɣн񰡡
Ҷֻ֪۳Ԫ֮󣬲пѪԪ幦ȴҶҶƣ⾫ѪԪ幦ĹƷףãҲ˽ƷĹпܻҪߵ㡣
ƷƷĹǿŵӵı׼ҶЩ棬мֱνϰݡ
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ԭҶѡִѡĹ
׺צ䣬Ա仯ƣɣԵʱַʤȴ߸͵·ӣҲʺҶ档
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ҶҲһͨҶ淭ϰٱƷûκһܹѪġ
⾫ѪԪ幦ƷףȴǸҶڴ
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ιǰļһ˰ÿҶû鱪
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ǰЩһ㻹ûѡִΪԾ
ˣһŵȴǸӳԾôҲ벻Ҹذڶĺ鱪аĴڣȻһ½ؼûѡŵӣ
鱪۾͵صɴָҶŭģһ½ŵӾ͸Ҹذڶ˦ˣԺ治
ִһۣȴú鱪ȻֹûһѵĻȷʵûãؼֱߣⱾβȰ㻹ѡһ
ΪʲôҶɻ
Ϸؾһ¥ʮ꣬ûŵܹβȫɡ
ҶȴЩаԡ
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ʱ򣡡
Ҷһ仰û鱪۸ըˣһˣȻšٺʲôʱҶѾƮȻԶȥ


25 
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֮ҶŻٴαĿ˷ȭĸоȭѾˣǽſȭշĵˡ
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һۿʱ磬߲ɺ޽չҶ׼صԷ
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֮ǰûӣҶ浽Ŵ鿴һŵܹӵ񣬲ŷִ²񣬲ûҶô򵥣־Ϳɡ
ɼʮɺɽħ֩˿ѶȷƷмʮŹ׵㣬ʺҶŵɡ
Ǿִ˵ǰŵУٶģҲʱ䡣
ɽҩ԰Ѳߣȥɽ´ׯɱޣĳĳ۷Ϊƹ۷ȵ֮ʺŵӵ
ҲʮɣеҪ²ɡ
ܹһɵҶ浹Ƿ˼Щ񣬲ɱ޾޳û֮زɼҩѶٶƷмѶȣŵӲǸɡ
Ҷ治ɵôΪգԼ̫ĴˣѵҪ۵¸µŵҩӦ
ҶЩĵķбͼѰҵһһܹɵ
бһҳҶ涼ҪʱҶ۾ͻһһѶȵȼκ˶ɵбһ
Ѷκ˶ɵķˣȻҶйһ֮ԵĲӣ


26 ùĺ鱪
ӵĻͻ֢ս꣬˼ʳܹŹ׵ٵ㡣
ҶһǰżȻӵΣʱĲŻŴҽȻֻԶԶһƳҶ滹ǿ˲ӵĻ겻̫Ծ
׼ȷ˵ӦӻĽġ
Ҷû뵽ʱһ£ֻ⻹ûнֻҲ̫˵ɣ󶼽ˡ
뵽Ҷһ̣ɵ¶һ˿Цݡ
ȻҶŹ׵ĽȻߴٵ㣬Ӳ洫ӣ־¡
Ҫ֪Ҷ˼е˼ƷѶȣҪŵ֮еٮٮ߲ɵŹ׵ĽҲٵ㡣
ǧУŹ׵㽱ߵģҲٵ㣬Ǹ񣬻һҪʱµ
ٵŹ׵㣬ŵӶԣһʾ޴ĲƸˣһöѪԪĶһҲʮŹ׵㡣
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ʮλŵӣʮһλŵӽ񣬽ĶǱһźŮ塣ҵһλŵӣڻڴţû¾Ժòˡ
⻹ϷȰĽҪȻ뻹ִ˵
ǣôңҶ̾һ䣬ִΪҶʱҶȴֵаա
ߣһִ³Ҷ淭һİۣаգ񷢲֮ǰԲļλ洫Ǹǰظĵ죬Ҳ˵ģһӻң
СӣҸ˵Ҳǲҽһӣڵĳ϶Ļ꿴ˣ㻹ǸøȥȥҲڡ
ллִ´˺⣬аգҶٴ˵
Ҷһ仰ͽλִ۳죬СӣҪӣ
Ҫӣ
Ϸ͸ˣʱ㱻һɱϷû㣡ȷλִºľ͸Ҷ
ӵŮ壬һϲȥȻ񣬵ǻÿӺʱʱ䣬Ϸֻܰ㷢һѶǲпջԸĻ꣬Իȥ㡣ִ˵
ãллִ´ˣִ´ڷѶмһ䣬˵Զ۹һ棬а˳ɵİաҶ˼һ֮ص˵
ΪģΪ¸µĵҩӦҲΪܹٵŹ׵㣬Ҷǻȥˡ
һŵҪٵŹ׵㣬ȫҹͣ񣬿Ҳʱ䡣
£ٵŹףǵðʱ䡣
ڣЩаա˵䣬ִȡһէ֮ʣһ͵سת˲š
ˣȥϢɣǲʱ䣬Ի֪ͨ㣡
ҲֻˣҶϣܹ֮ҪȻ¸µŸɾ군ˡ
飬ȴҶһµ;Ǿˡ
ƿʱ򣬵Ӽɱޡ޵˵ƿܹͻơ
ʵսʵõļ׼Ҳõ;
Ҷ⣬ɣȥȡΪͻƵѪصĽһϴ赤ϴһĽŹ׵ܣ˵һϴ壬ΪͻƵѪأȻͳ
˼䣬бһӰ͵Ҷ漲бײײ֮ƿա
ܵģŵβһΣͷĪĶһ£жȥһּײһЩٶȼ죬Ҷ滹Ǳײһġ
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ŭУӳҶе۲һͣĺź鱪ŭȲͣĳ
˲أҶˣǺ鱪ҲءҲãڻط·˺鱪
ЩҶûбڶŵ˻һҲ˶顣
磬ŵУڶϣ˵ذһذûϵǵذڶ鱪Բǡ
鱪˵ڶаԵһ࣬ͬŵӴʮΣȴܵĴЩ۸ŵӣбصĴġ
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鱪ҲųϵĹգڶаԵܴ
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Ҷ棬ײңǸذڶ󰡣ôѵ㣡
ŭһ鱪͵طһļµƴӺ鱪ȭӰһãҶһȭ
Ҷ˶ȭͷϣȻһɫ⻪ǲɫ⻪һֱҶϢ
Ԫ״Ҷһһ³ԪѪǿֲε죬ǵóԵˡ
׹ףҶȴԲվһȭҾҪҧһѪ
Ҷȭһ˫ȻһǰƣһͬӭȥϢʱòޱȡ
·ʤ
ηɾ
ҶЩ촧ĦǰЩսʱһ
Ȼ鱪һ䣬ҲҶֲȻһһ˲䣬鱪ƱǣɫĹ⻪ѡ
ߣҶͳȫ
ž
һ͵ش·һǰһ˺鱪ϣ鱪ʱ׻˲ҽŷŵɳȥ
ͬʱһŲʹֱҶ棬Ҷֻ͵һͲٶ˿Ҷ棿


27 Ĳ
Ҷ棿
һᣬҶһֻżһ㣬ͻȻٵĲУܶ˿ܹת⣬ֶ²
洫ӵʰұʰϻҪ򵥵洫𣿡Ҷʱȴޱȡ
ŵ洫ֻ֮һŵӣǲ࣬Ӧ˵ûᲢ۵ʸ
˵ǲҶ棿üһ壬һĽ
Ҷ浹شǱӵǹסͶŲˣôش
űһȷɵĺ鱪ʱȴǳһǵѪеŭһ
Ϊذڶ洫ӲӵͷȻԣ·һӰޱԩҲ˵һŭ֣˿ֺ̻һ²ӣڣӵͷɲǸǵġ
Ҷ治𻰣鱪æӣ쵰Ҷ棬żĪǸʲô¡
ž
ڴʱһݺݵ˺鱪ϣȻǽƽŹȥǷĽɽ鱪Ѫ
˸Ǳǵ̺ľ޴ֱķɣɵĹУ鱪еѪͿ쭶
Ҫǿں鳤ϵķϣƾ仰Ҿܷ㣡һλ桢ڡ䴹ĹӸͻȻ
У˭²£˭²£¹ӸըâҪƿڴĺ鱪ϽͣҲҶ˵һ֡
£ס춼ѣôش㣿¹Ӹߵ˵
ĩˣ¹Ӹֵ£ҿҲĪͶҽСָһ͵ļһ֮󣬺ˮҩͻݷأʱһȥҺˮҩΪض
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Ҷ濪ڣϣȻһ˿ϲ⣬Ҷ棿Ǹ˵ضһ棬а˳ɰκض꣩Ҷ棿
ûҶٴε˵ͷ
ҶǰɣҪǸԣƭòģߣ¹Ӹǰһ󣬵ҶĶڣȴͬըһ㣬ըҶһ
㣬Ȼа˳ɰκغã˵˵ض׵õʲô¹Ӹʵ
ҶʱҲЩԥ¶𿴼򵥣ҪʧˣϣǻҶһδǲ֪ûʲô仯
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ߵŭûгڣҶǱߵһûʼͽˡ
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һҶٴαһܶмɴķ羢Ҷ΢ŲܱסϣֱҶϢ
Ҷľƣһ·ӴŮ壬ƣûнҶӵϣҶӭϵģȴǰ¹Ӹ緮ֱĿ⡣
Ůǲӵڣ˵ڵÿһλ洫ӣһķͷΪڡ
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СӣҪβû꣬Ҫÿ¹Ӹ緮Ƶ
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ˣҲˡ⻨꣬ǰںɽ񵽵ģƺոճãཱུġһ𣬾Ϊƽ⣬Ϊ顣
ĻҾ͸аˡҶеŸ˵ǰֻ߳ɵİգҶоųɾŵİա
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οҶ߻һɱ񡪡¹Ӹ緮
ҶҪ˵귢ڵˣҪĻ¹Ӹ϶ΪҶڵϷӣһ̲סɱҶ涼пܡ
鱪ŵĴ͵ظҶԺУ鱪ǽ˵ˡ¡֣ͱˡ
ҶҪǡ
Ҳڵ洫ӣָͷܸɵҶ档
Ҷһ٣ĿЩԥĿ˰¹Ӹ緮񣬷һЩԡ
ǼΪڴҶ˵ԭĲӣҶľٶȴΪҶΪǰв£˵
ʦ֣뿪Ůɡ˵ʵϣӶǰλķʦ֣ҲЩᷳ۵ĸƨɺߡ
ʲôһ㡣
ʦ֣Ҫض뿪ɣӵΪ䡣
һҶ棬ת˲˹شŭ뷢ȴѹȥ
֪ڸյԸҲ֪ж۰꣬Ҫؿڶ˲£²պҲûǻˡ
޺޵ĶҶһۣһڿնȥ
ڿȥķҶȴǴԩûҪӵ˼
Ҷ棬Ǻԭڿ˵˰ɣ


28 Ӱ
ԭܸӣһ԰˵ǻƻɣҲһʱ䣬㿴ڵ
գҶ滹û˵ĲԲǶ峺׵ӣҶʵ˵
ǾͿưɣҪʲôҩһҪƻ꣬ʲôģֱӾͲˡ
ҩﲻҪҪֻ֪꣬л꾭ûƻķҶҲֻͬˡ
л꾭û
ӵһ˵ضˣ
Ҷԣĵ˵ͷǰɡ
þӨָ°˼һµӦþǺɽˣںɽضģлûҲֻˡ
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Ҳһ̣齣ңķűӴߵҶ棬ȴҧ죬һˣڲǰæͣûи׽ж
һϰŵӣȴ׵ĵõˡȻΪ˾λ꣬ͷǹɲǻ֮ȥ
ڽɽ֮ϣɽ޺УȻھǧķչܹ޵ķͷҲٸ
⼸ٸͷǰɽ׼
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ɽĺɽ洫ӣҲǰ
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Ʈ䣬гһ裬һʮ׵ĽӻӰߴ紦£˳ƽӰ˵ϡ

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ڻӰ˽ƷޣԪĶڲܵС
ʱģȴӰš
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ӰҪ
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Ӱһͷٴεڵϣ˦Ҷ棬ߴ类ˡ
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һɣӰʱ
ҲڻӰɲǣ䶸


29 
Ӧ˵ͻ䷢Ҷڡ
ڻӰһɲǣҶؿڡͬһ飬ͻһ⻪š
һǿ͵شһؾӿһӿոĻӰڵľǰѪۿɼΣǹѪһ㣬Ҷڡ
ʱҶ塢˵һڶһ㣬ſȥĻӰ
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ҲУһƼССĻӰѪҶľС
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Ӱߣǿ˽Ʒޣͣһײ֮ǧһǱҧʵ˻ǱײʵˣҶ涼ʳ
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ӰߵӶʱһţڵء
ҶȻĿڵϵĻӰߣٿԼĻ£һһ˲Ϣ͵ʮ׵ľ롣
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ʵģҶףڵľͨ߹ı仯ӦøһؿռڵĻӰйء
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ΪҶ浱ʱĸоעеӰʱҪһ仯ɲǣȴΪΪΪ̡
Ҫ֪ʲô仯ֻܵҶԺΪ̽ˡ
˶ҶŻӰµƤȥӰƤǾǱƤǺֵǧġ
Ҷ棬ǲ֪
ͻأӵҶͷɲǣͿԭ˿ȴ÷ۺۺġ
ͻأӴɬۺһ䣬Ҷ


30 Ž
û°ɣǸ̫żضˡ
ʱʡ𷽲ŽҶһͷûɱĻӰһжΣգ˽ǰһյĻӰƤüͷٴ
ףôſյƤЩɻĿҶ档

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ڼʶ֮ҶѾ⣬йܣҪڶܶκ
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ħŽأҶһû뵽ڱһԣȻִ˵е顣
˵һŽأЩŵӣ˭Ҳ֪Ž
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˿±˳Ļ꣬˵ضѾûˣȥɡ
ڱ֮ǰҶһǹ׵Žһۣ˼


31 һŵǧ
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ҶٴοЦҡҡͷʦ½⣬в˵ԭ򡣡
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ҶȴǿЦͷΪʲô滰ûأ
ллִ´㣬ˡλִ£Ҷ滹Ƿǳ𾴵ġ
ڤ粻顣ִ¼Ҷ˼֣ҲЩˣԸȰˢˢˢľ͸Ҷֵ߽ؼӸҶ档
ߣڵˣԽԽǫˣβ浱Ϸ˫ۡ
ͣ
һɲǣҶһһεĳʮ׿⣬ִµ¶һ֡
ȻҶ¶һ֣ģҪȫ֣ߵһ֮£ʮס
Ҷ¶һʣִһ͵Ŵ󵽿ȥһȭͷ
βߵݣȻˡϢִ֮µЩ
¶һֵҶ棬һһ߷߽֣ŷؼҶιŤţʱʱһЩĶϵЦȴԽԽʢ
Ʋȷģ
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ʱƾŵǷ켫βټ߽֣ȭԼǼԪҶŵ֮У֮
һˣҶŵߵȴǸ죬ֻȥ߽֡
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32 ͷ
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Ҷںˮ䰲ҶңҶڵһܴļ壬ҶһҲҶķ֧
ÿ꣬Ҷ嶼ѡѪ츳ĵӣϰ׳ĸҽŵӣһĵλ
ȻָѪ츳ãֱܹӱΪŵӵꡣЩһڣÿ궼ܹüԴ֧֣ˣҲܻŴ
ҶѪ츳ֲͣĶԼ۵ӵ꣬ûмԴ֧֣һϳڣȫҶΪЦ
ҲΪûмֵ֧ԭҶĸĸҶ棬Ϊ
ǰͻȻҶ淿ڵҶʤҶҲǸҶҶӵܣֻҶʤҶֱӵƷƷ츳ֱѡΪŵӵĴڡ
뿪ҶǰʱҶȫ˾ƣĵıȫ˻˳ҶûǸˡ
ֻҶ˫ףϢҶ˳ǡ
ЩֱӳΪŵӵҶӵܣȻȻľͿҶӵܣҶҲǼΪ³۷ʱ۸ĵòˣҲûҹһΡ
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ԭ鱪ɽҶ棬ҪҶʱȴȺĲӡһǺݵġ
Ƿһǣû鱪࣬ˣҲһаԵĺ鱪ŵж档
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ԼɵȣҪǺòãҶʤȴԽԽݣָҶıˡ
Ҷߣȥ鱪ͷȥҪȻ

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мҶۻѪһ֮£ȻҶʤõ
Ȼ˵ҶҶʤҶûɶøУΪԼԭǱˣһ˿Ǹ⣬ҶʤĽϵŭȴҶеһ˿Ǹĵ
ϸӹȥ
˺鱪Ի鱪ĵףӾ㱻ҲͷϴͷޣҶһŨ̵ָŴ
ҶʤȴҶˣ˼ϢŷӦָԸıЪ˹ҽҹҶ棬֪˭֪˭ң
һ鱪ñ׵ͷѣҶЦһ
Ҷʤ۾һףңҶ棬һڵģҶÿᣬ㵱ģ
вң
һҶһһȭ˹ȥǿ벻̣
ճΪŵһ£͸צӣһ缤ҶʤһȭӭҶ棬ȭټ졣
ƷȭƷ似ٶȼ
Ҷʤȭ죬ҶȴǸ졣
βʩչιһΣҶʤǰʧȥҶΡ
飡
Ҷʤ͵⵽ػɫرɷɷ׵ġ
һŵҶ͵վһĳԾΪҶʤı£ԸҶ治ڻ£ǣҶʤҶһжû߹
⻹Ҷһ֣ûжԪ£ҪȻһȭܽҶʤѪ
ҴңҶһϣǽ׽ҲҪС׽ȥ鱪ͷȻԺô죿
һˣ϶Ķ֡
ҶʤݺݵĶһЩԥҶʱһҶʤϵһʩչȭҶ档
һжҶʤҶлҶտʼЩæңӦ˼֮Ƿ켫βʩչʱࡣ
ԽսҶʤҶԽûס
ΪǷ֣ôãǾȻҶ½Ƕûմһ
Ҷң
ͻأҶʤһŭԵҶ״ħһ㣬ҪҶһǣͬʱҶʤһǽһһţ̶ƿ͵ȭͷ棬ǵѪƣ
Ҷ棬ˣ
ҲһɲǣҶͻһһ͵صʮףǵ˷ľͷıܹҶʤΪʤһС
ǵǽڵͬʱҶ淴תҲһһһһߵݣҶʤ
ҶʤϸոոֵЦ˲̣ҶܿĹȴͻȻ۽˫˫һĨһ
ɲǼ䣬Ҷʤ׻Һ쳹
βһתҶҶ࣬˫ҶȸһһҶҲɶƵĲҽ
ҽУҶʤһʯͷһ㣬ƽ˵˵ϣô˫۶޷ͷ·Լһ㡣
ҵģÿһΣ˫۾ͻʹһΡ
ҶҲˣ֡˲ϢͲԸˣڵأ
⣬Ҷո·ѧһ߽֣˳ʩչһ£û뵽ȴ֮˲סҶʤҶ
ҹټͷһһҶͽҶʤҶ߳˷䡣
ͷҪͷԸȥޣһŨ̵ȵµҶʤǰҶһ˷š
Һ˺һᣬڶ࿴ֵŵӵΧУҶʤҶǿ뿪ˡ
ʱףȥʱҲ̶á


33 
ݣ
һɫĽâ޾ĺҶ浱ͷն䣬Ǳ⣬ˢľҶһ˪
һΣҶ۾ȴһգûգ۾ϸһǵɫĽâ
νϰַҲ̫û˰ɣǱɫĽâҶΪĵ˵
һɫȹüбɣһӢüηɰνϰ׵ĳҶǰ
Ϊһ֮Լ׼ȥһŵļһأû뵽㵹ˡ
Ҷ˲ͷ亹оηɰ´ƺڴµӺãͺҪһһ㣬䡣
һҶˣҶֻ˵ηɰŮˣֲ̫ˡ
ģҪΪ̫ˣסʰޣΪٳһҾԻһϲ
˵꣬ηɰָдСʵʯҶƣһжʯҸλᣬζжʯǾ׼
ͣ
Ҷ赭дһбУ֣δʯһѾҶзɣͬжһ㡣
ֺҶηɰһҶĿ⣬ʢһ£Ȼ˹
ǱеĻҪǿ󡣡
ηɰνϰĿ佱ҶҪʱηɰоһָһʹҶ
ܵģҶ·һ㼲ηɰ׵ãηɰ׵һָһ㣬һģҶ涯á
Ҷֻоһһڡ
Ҷϵָ񣬵ӿҶڵȴ
ǵҶڹһҶ浤ڵѪеļԪ˲ؾտˮһ
Ҷ沢ûжõǼԪˢһͲĳ˳ܲҶֱ۱档
ԪðǰΪ浱ηɰ˫۾Ϲġ
δ䣬ҶͰһɲǣҶ͵ؾͷǳеһҶһ㣬ҷ
ֻηɰ׵ϣҶֱӱ˳һ㣬ͷ˲ͻóһƬģҶˣһηɰϵż
Ҷ渹ڿʼͷĿѣʱҶͱηɰ׸˳ȥһ仰ηɰ׾תԺ
ˣͽ
Ҷ̤ηɰ׵Ժʱ򣬻ͷؽģ֪ηɰٶж죬һ˲䣬ҶоԼֽƺҪһ㣬ָоҶԲԸٳܵڶΡ
ΪеҪ죬ǸĽȻҪһ㡣
ԣҶ۾һôҲû뵽νϰﲻ˹ȻнƺгϰָΧ֮ڵҶֱˡ
£֮ҪܹеѪתΪԪͻƵԪҾͽһ˽Ʒ
˽ƷģҶʱޱȳԾ
۵һΪŵӣʱܻ÷ƷƷĹؼԾĴ󡣵ǣؼȽԽϣԽԽϡ١
ŵǽΪŵӣܻµĹؼµĹؼƷףҲ˽Ʒ
ŵܹɱֻŴȡñȽϺõĳɼл˽ƷĽ
˽ƷĹͨŵӣûܵõ
˵ֻܹڹƷҲŵؽƷ
ɴ˿ɼ˽Ʒжˡ
ͬʱƷ׸ߵĹٶȡϣŵƣҶܹһõ˽ƷǲƣֱԵơ
ȻֻҪܹͻƵԪ
¡
Ҷʶηɰ׿˲ؾʹסˡ
ѣǸ
£һԪŵӣҪ뽫еѪΪԪԪģһʱ䣬⻹ÿѪԪĵ¡
ҶǸΪ֪ʯҺ֮Ҳ죬Ҳðϵʱ䡣
νϰˣ£ҶЦ
ټأ
һҩƿҶǰдš浤֡
һƿҶʵ
һƿ
һƿиƿࡣνϰ˴󷽣ҶʨӴ󿪿
Ҷһڣηɰ˲ؾǱŭĸʨһ㣬Ҷƿ浤ôҪʮƿƿģ
ô浤ιȥǸҲܰԪõŸ㷢㣿
һƿ浤Ҫ͹ԺһһΡ
ηɰֱӱ˴ֿڡ
գҶ滹ЩڨڨĽƿ浤õԡ
Ҫ㳢ԣǱԺһһΡ
Ҷ˲ؾ͇ˣҪҲҪҲνϰҲ̫˰ɣ
һ£Ҷһе浤Ϊ֣صʵνϰ˵һ£Ϊʲô
Ϊʲô⣬ǽǸҩģҼǵôǰûκһŵָܹ㡣
ҶʣηɰȴǺ⣬ЦһôˣһĿӣءҪˣµҩԺһһΣ
¸¾¡ηɰ׵һЦҶѪԣ浤תߡ
ηɰ¶һ˿ԵЦݵʱҶͻַ˻ηɰ׵һ
νϰһϵ⣬㲻ףҪָ㡣Ҷ˵
һҶҪϵ⣬ηɰײһηɰ׻ΪҶҪء
ʰɡ
νϰ֪ǺԭѪԪ幦ʱȻֱӴѪͻƵѪأѹûоϴĹ̡
һ£ҶֿЦ˵һϴ赤ûзù
һɲǣηɰٴγҶɵ쾻壬Ѿ񣬻õϴ壿Ҫͽܣһ㣬ﶪˣ
νϰĻû˵꣬ҶѾνϰŵͷҲصĿ񱼶ηɰ׵ڼ
㵱ⰡҪ쾻壬˵һƿ浤ʮƿҲͻƲԪ
ҶȴǰԸղŻ˵ô浤ǸҲܹԪ
ҶҲû뵽쾻þȻ˾޴ôʯҺãɱҶлҪҪ
ηɰ׵ĽϰڣҶ汧ͷ֮һɫȹбŻĲӾͳηɰ׵
ν㣬ˣŵģ˵
ôţһĸαˡ
ηɰ׵٩ĲĲĪһ죬ûء
˵ûУ˵һ䣬ˡ
˵䣬ŮЦЦһᣬһɫ˵ν㣬㷢ûҶϿŲܰ
Ϊŵһ£ΪʹѪرǵѪءٶȣȵٶˡ
ң磬һӰĪľͳ˿տǣȻ˵ħûܾЩԾ
Ųӵ⣬ηɰ׵ĽüһͻرЩãϣ˭ûأ˵ǲ
˵Ҷϵܣǻ𣿡
һ£ηɰֵ˵ˣҪ˵ܵˣܡ


34 ŭ

һҶ滺˫ϸһʧ
ûͻơ
ˣ죬ˡ
Ҷ⣬㲻Ŀ˽ˣΪνϰŵ˽ƷؼҶѾʼƴ
һ˽ƷľѪԪ幦Ҷ波˸߼ͷǿŵӲ̫ܵõ˽ƷĹҶջˡ
ڣҶĿޣηɰ׸һƿ浤Ѿˣ˽µʯҺҲȫù⡣
ˣҶ׬ٵŹ׵㣬ټϴǰʣµʮŹ׵㣬Ҳһ浤ˣһٹ׵һŵ浤ˣֻʣʮͷˡ
ţҶǷԼһһ浤ûнԼѪȫתΪԪͻƵԪ
ֻһֻҪҶ潫ڵѪҲתԪҶڵľѪ֮ȫתԪ׵ͻƵԪ
һҶ浤ʱˣ˿
ƿˡ
ƿһζıſ޷ͻƿġһ£ͻƿķж
һս춷˶޶Ҳһ쾡µ֮սƿܹͻơ
ľˣҲʦָһ䣬ҲżһͯϷԣҲͻȻĸ򣬶ľˣͻеƿ
ڵҶԣľ⣬Щ£ҶƿõͻƷʽսˡ
һ쾡µս
Ҷ˻νϰĽ֮⣬ԭ򣬱˵ˣ
Ҫ˵ڶֵĵطҪÿϵķˡŵ֮⣬ųɵŵӣÿ춼óԷ
ԣռسǧ׵ķãʱͻᷢһЩǳѪ飬ڡ
Ҷ̵һţ֭˸ɸɾ˹Ĳɾ֮ĿɨһȦռسǧ׵ķҵĿӰ
ݣ
һ˦Ҷеһ˫ӷƿŰһŲȥ
ƿռХҶϮ·ϵŵӣһѸٸӣ£ÿ춼ݣѾϰˡ
ȻϰߵĽ򱻿Ӵ򷭷̣򱻿ӲԴ
ҶĿ񡪡ôԶľ룬ӵļХʱ򣬾жϳӵĿ
ʱڵģҶ˦һ˫ӿ쵽ǰʱеĿ̽һԿӡ
еĿ׼ȷޱȵסҶ˦һԿӣ˫ײɲǣ֣ȴǽסһ
ǿ
ž
Ҷ˦Ŀ̺ĿֲʹȻҶ˦Ŀرײۡ
ǰضϿתķٲǰʢ˵ķ衣
飡
޴ǷбӲһһ㣬ʱĽ
⧲֮£ͱ˸ͷ
ģ˵жǱжǱ

עһĻŵӣЦһš
վˣĨĨϵĲƿڴɾʱҶĺ
ɸҶһս񣡡Ҷңָһָ΢
кβңҶ棬Ҳڡ
䶷̨㣬ˣϴûŭ꣬ҶƮƮһ仰ת뿪
Ҷ棬Ҫʬϣ׵ѾȫҶ漤ŭˡ
ѵ£ݲݵĳϴһͷĲͼ׷ҶŵӰȥ
ǧŵӣҲҶ뿪Ҵҵӿ䶷̨Ϊǵľ飬սʱֳԽսԽңԽʡ
ﾫ棬ʳǵŵӣϲ̼һȺ塣
⵱УԪܵˣԲӣźǳշʣŲܿȺһ̱䶷̨
ᣬǷƵĻţ
һΣҶѧ䶷̨ϣΪ̫ûпׯ˳ӣһץסᣬͿȥˡ
ҽԪׯׯˣλʦֵܿעˣСĿ飬Ŀ¸갡עˡ
ذһҶ棬ոմ۵ӽΪŵӲĸµĺ֮㣬һ
עˣС飬¸
⼸µʱڣڵذһء
Ҷ浽䶷̨ûãԪѾ￪ׯˡ
Ԫעﲻһʱ䣬Ѿעˡ

Ҷ
ôҶ氡۵ӣ츳УΪŵΣĸ¶ѣսսʤѧѡ
ƵĳŵӣǰΪͻƵѪأԪΪ٣Ҷôʤ
ͲˣǶأҪʤˣתۼͷҲСһʡӮˣ׬٣һѡ
׬൱ڼˣȥ׬һٶ
ЩʵɲǸǵģѺ
Ѻ
ѺҶ棬СӼȻҵս˵лôء
ûһᣬԪׯǰΧˣȻҲһѺҶʤѺʤ˾Ӷ࣬ûһᣬڻ̫࣬ԪȻһӣʸĳһ
һĹʰɾ䶷̨̨µҶŭҶ棬㲻Ҫ䶷
𣿸ҵšҶȴǳһǰۣΧڽԪǰע˽ȥת˽Ԫ


35 Ҷľ֮
ʦ֣ϴ赤ɲѺҶߵԪǰʵ˴õĻᣬҶ治ΪԼ׬һʣǲŽɵ
ȻҪҽԪмֵģѺҼ۸񹫵һϴ赤ǧԪ޵˵
Ź׵أ
Ȼԣ
ãʦ֣ϴ赤ʮŹ׵㣬ѺԼ¶עҶƮȻתֱ䶷̨
һϴ赤Ǵģһϴ赤ŵΪͻƵѪ֮ŷġ
Ҷʦܣȫң
Ҷͷ֮󣬽ԪȻУһ˿Ϊ֪ĿϲһѹԼȫҵģǷӣʮİա
Ҷ棬Ҫ
ˢ
䶷̨ϣĳʣһŵ㺮ǾĴҶ档
Ʒ似ǽԿ졢׼ݼһẈ̂óһ
̫ˣҶһһͳڶʮ⣬ֻǰһʧȥҶӰת֮ʣͿҶЦʱȻ
ģβźųŵ޷ƵβȻҶˡҶһʽߵ֮䶷̨µŵʱ
˵ҶпӮģҿѺһŵӵʱ鴤
ǵһβֻռŶѡβĲ򵥡
ҶʩչβڶŵȻ֪ҶʩչβĻ֪Ծʲôģ
ֻᣡһη·һֻһ𣬼Ҷ棬еĳ㣬óǣҶǰе·ֻӲӡ
һΣҶȴûʱһŤ˼£쳣֡
Ҳһȭԣ
˳ƵģҶ΢΢ȭӰһȭ
˼棬ۺ죬͵رĿ⣬ӭҶ档
ԪˣҶҪˡ䶷̨ŵ˵
ԪҲУ
Ҷȭͷһһ˫ȭ͵ؼ٣ĿԪͬʱӭĳ
ô̵ʱ䣬Ҷ澹ȻҲͻƵѪأ
̨ŵӾɲǣҶȭͷĳѾݺݵײһ𣬵˾ȵǣҶȭͷ紦·һζһ㣬ĳ˿޷
أ
ͬʱĳļޣĺ͵ص𣬷˵
УȻ˰벽䶷̨ЩѺʤŵӣʱ⿪սĶ̶̰Ϣ֮ڣѾڶ¶ˡ
ˣҶȴӰε׷ɱϣһţȭһȭһȭ಻ʾгһƬ÷겻͸
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󿪴صȭȴҶʩչ˹죬ðԪȭٶȼ죬ͷֻñܵŤһ壬ܿĿҪ
飡
˱ըԪؿըʱؿըѪ̺Ӵֱ
ҶٴӰεĳȥȭŲãȭӰͷ䵽ϡ
ıĹͷͣѪѾƵĴ
Ҷ·ɳһ㱩Ҳ磬ɱһĻĻǰֿҶ˫ɭ쳣ȻѾ˼ûл֮Ҷ滹ûֵͣ˼
Ѫȵĳ䶷̨µڶŵ˲ؼʧ
Զ䶷ִ̨£ȴһԾ䶷ֹ̨Ҷ棬ˣҶѾʤˣְɣҪŹأ
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ΪЩ䶷̨̫һЩжԹŵ䶷ֱ̨ݡ
ˣžִרſ䶷̨ƽزһ䶷̨ϷֳʤʤһҪǼ֣ǾҪֹˡ
飡
ҶЩĵһ߷ͣ֡ûִֹҶ˵Ļɵˣϧ
Ҷʤ̨ڶѺʤŵӣȴǰ̾żһѺҶʤģ˿̺޲
˵ˣҪԪˣЦŷѳһţĺ̿ڣһΣ׬
һҪٶ򼸳ǶðԪҶĿ⣬Ѿˡ
ҲҶͬһʱ̣Ҷͬʱ΢΢˸һ£һɲǣҶ֣ͳ˵ذλãȡλá
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Ҷңң˵ذĿ⣬ȴŵذߴĵط
ʦ֣ûһãҶĿһ٣Ҷ档
СЦлشҶ𻰵ĽԪͻرþСġ
СġֻûгڣҶѾ
̱䶷̨ϵԻһ֮ԹĿҶıӰʱ򵨱ееĳԶԶͶҶ档
ݣ
עĳ˾˵ƿҶĺ󱳡
磬ҶĿʱһһٵأһӷͱܹĳͶ䣬ܹɲǣҶӰ߳
һĳĳתһ뷽ȻһźߣأĳһԲԱʱٶȣ
ۣ
ѪûзӦʱѾԼĳضʱ
ҶĿ⿴˻̨ϵִ£̯̯֣ʾԼ¡
ɻ̾һִ¾Ծ䶷̨ʰʬ塣
ԶԶģԪҶһĴָͬʱԪһҶ棬ҶʦܣҪʲô⣬Ҳʱõһһӣˣ
ҶһЦϾ֪ˣ
һɲǣҶ͵еɢһɲǣҶЮɱ̺֮ɱ˶ÿһ䣡
鱪ӿɸүүҶһս
䶷̨ڶΪӾɥ뿪ŵӣʱ׻ҶĿ⣬رò˼飡


36 Ҳң
鱪ӿɸүүҶһս
ʱҶſǺһڶÿһը죬ͣ˲侪޵ĵӡ
似ĺ鱪Ҷʱ˸ԲҶ棬үȥ㣬㾹Ȼսң
ವһ鱪ʹдܳ䶷̨ķ
ھĵذƴϣϿջҶҲ䶷̨ҶСӷ𣿲ʤܣ鱪ĳ֣ҶҪϸĿһǵذڶǵš
ɽۣӭΪĹŶǳһգ˼˼һСӣսذڶ鱪Ŷյĵذ˵ͻ
֣ذһҲôմգ
ɽϰڣĿηɰҲ˫Ľüһ壬ӢظԳһ˿ǡ
Ȼսذڶĺ鱪ĪΪͻƵԪˣΪͻƵԪ鱪Ҳܹսʤġ
ĿвתηɰͻЦݵȴǺܺθڣϣᱻŰ̫ҡ
壬ΪҶһ𣬽ѹڸ޵ŵӣ׷ͣȭţ䶷̨Щڵذϰŵӡ
սռذڶһĺ鱪ľʣһÿ٣Ҳܿ鱪ʵ
䶷̨£̨ϺɵҶ棬ԪĿɿڴ
ֿܣûҶ˹ս鱪ذڶĺ鱪ǿǵذһŶҲԸǵĴڡ
ذھţ˺鱪ҲֻߵķݣҶ棬ΪŵӲ࣬͸ս鱪
ҶһɤӣñΪǮͷɥ뿪ŵ˲ؾۻ䶷̨Χһ̨Ҷ棬ͷֻһͷҶɣ
һɲǣŵӺľΧ˽Ԫ
ʦ֣ˣ
Ԫ쿪̣Ҫע
Ԫ⻹ǵһΪ̿ڶ亹˵Ҷսʤ䣬Ϊ˶Ҷʵ̫˽⣬ýԪһˡ
ʵڿҶ̿ڵʱ򣬽ԪҲ᲻ᱬأ
ڣϸϸķһٱһǧ飬ҶʵĹ۲죬ԪóĽ۶һҶ漸ûκӮĿܡ
Ҫʣʿǡ֮һ
£ǿ̿ڣǾǱɣѪ֡
ʦֲǻû𣿡ԪЩȻӦţԽӷٵתţ˼Žյ֮
Ҷ棬ˣҵţԶɽͷϣһں鱪ŭԪǱýӲޱȡ
ʦܣһṦ˭죡
Ҳ
ʱӰ͵ط۵糸һһ磬ͬһ㣬䶷̨۹
ʦָʦ֣˾
Ӱ£ǹŶǵȴԽԽ죬ƴϵٶȣȴһֱһϣ󣬹ŶѾƴʮ׵ľ롣
ʦ䣡ŶӮˣڶŵ
ʦܣ㻹ӣ¶ϲǿʤղŻ˼ྡྷδɣ
Ŷһ·߽ȺŵӾԶŶÿһ·Ŷذһʦֵͷޱȡ
ս鱪ǸҶ棿Ŷ۾Ҷ档
Ҷʦ֣
ãã첻Ӯ⵨ԱϣŶǾ߽ȺУڶŵͬһΧŹŶǣʱʱǰʺá
Ҷʦܣô˳嶯һǲУ䣬Աȫ̾һҶһ䣬Ⱥвٶԡ
ԽԽŵӴ˷˹ҪԪ̿ڵĺҲԽԽߡ
ԪĲǸӮӾܰɣ
ʦ֣쿪̣ҿɵעأղӣһһ
Ⱥӿ֮£Ԫͷ亹ˢľͷֱӵģ˵ĿǰΣֻҪѺ˺鱪ӮǾڼˡ
ԽԽŵӣԪ޳ˣҪǿ̣ڿ㶼Ҫ⣿
˭᣿
ѹͣҲܲסడ
Ԫǿׯ⼸ƴǵҵףɾҪȫȥˡ
ˣׯܾͰˣܱѪҪãԺٲ̡һҧԪüͷһ壬͸ߺϣҶʹ
һԪʩչݾУ뿪
һýԪĽŲʱԭء
Ԫ˿Ҫׯģɴû;·ĵҶ̿ڣȻͷҪβҪǸܣԺ⣬һˣ
ʦֹŶǵһߣýԪϼһ˿ȿ޻ҪѿЦݣʦ֣أԪװģԸĶӣףˣֲʹˣ
ԣ
һ䣬ԪεߺˣԪׯˣ鱪ʮһҶʡһʮ
һҧԪ鱪ѹ͵ͬʱҲҶᵽһֲĳ̶ȣϣһЩðյļһѺҶ棬Լʧ
ʦ䣡һڶŵӾһӵϣע
Ѻ鱪һǧ
Ѻʦ֣Ź׵㣡

ѺעڶŵӷˣԪȴɵˣнӵĶעԽԽ࣬ԪɫԽԽ԰ס
һѣҪѪ»Ҫһƨծ
ѺҶ档Ȼʱ򣬼ֱ֮ͬ
ȻҲѺҶ棿ⲻ㣬һʵʵ׬һѪԪðɡѺ鱪˰ӣٵŹ׵㡣ʯ׳Ȼ˵
㲻ȻʯһĺףĿͶ䶷ɣǳȡ
䣡
ҴҸĺ鱪߸Ծ䶷̨ʱһȭ棬ʯҷɡ
Ҷ棬սǰɣ鱪촽ս⡣
û
ӲСϲ鱪ҶһڰˣһܹøʹˣҲ˹ˣ
͵һƣ鱪ȵɣܾöû˸䶷̨սˣҵȭͷѾʼѾȲˣ
ţҶͻسֹ
ôˣ˾ҿġ
£ҾͲսˣЦһҶͻһָԪ׼ҵȫҶѺԼʤҲң


37 ƴ
ЦһҶͻһָԪ׼ҵȫҶѺԼʤҲң
кβң鱪һ󲽳˽Ԫң׼ӵĻᣬѺɵȣ
ԪҧгݵĶҶ棬޲˺Ҷ죬Ҷ棬Ͳöʧһˡ
ǧӣŹ׵㣬һƿ浤ϴ赤ƿѪԪԪȫˣѺ
鱪ÿѺһԪ͸оԼһһ㣬ѺעڴϸⰡ
ҶҲ΢΢һ鱪ңеҪĶ࣬Щҩͼֵӡ
ʦ֣һ֣Ӯ˶ٰ鱪֮ҶȴʩʩȻ˽ԪĶǰ
һϴ赤ʮŹ׵֮⣬ҵǧӣûɣҶʦܣ
ҶǰԪͷֱոҶѺ鱪һ仰ֱ˺üѪ鱪һ˵עֵϼʮλͨŵӵעˡ
ޣȫѺˣѺԼʤ
ãȻҶȫѺԸýԪеǱʧʵǾţ֮һë
ͻأڽԪ޵ʱҶ΢΢һѹ˵ʦ֣벻Ӯ
밡ˣ
Ԫһ㣬һҶ棬ͷͻôһϣˮץסһһ㣬ż׷ʡ
̿ڵľǷһ룬ҾпӮҶ˵
ôӮԪ׷ʵ
Ϊ˺棬ѾֵƴˣƴѡҶ˵
ƴԪһ׷ʵжİգ
֪ݵģ²ҪģƴмӮϣġ⼸仰Ҷ˵赭дǲ֪ΪΣԪȴŨŨѪζ
ãһһ룬ֻҪӮԪ˲ؾѡҶ治ƴѪ޹鲻˵ҪǷһƨծҶƴôһ˿ᣬҶһ룬Ҳһҹ
ãЦһҶٴԾ䶷̨
ƴҶģƴҲƴġҶԪĽ̸ѹڳ˵Ķʲôܡ
ϻ࣬У
ҶһһٶȴӾֹ˲쭷ɵ£ȭͷܲżɫԪ˲Խʮ׵ľ룬һɫһ㣬˺鱪
̨µĹŶƴϵͫ͵һŶǵθվ
ɫԪѪ۷壬һ̤ԪʦܣǶʲôʱôһĴڣô֪
ʦ֣Ҳֻ֪֪ǰΪſͻƵѪءƴһ𾪡
ʱ䣬ʹѪͻƵѪ۷壬ô죿ʲôƷ׵Ѫ츳֪𣿡Ŷ׷ʵ
ƴҡҡͷ츳߲ȥĸǰһ۵ӣѪ츳϶Ʒ¡
ʲôĸǰ۵ӣ
£Ŷǳ׵׵ˣĸǰ۵ӣĸ֮ΪѾﵽѪ۷壬ֱǱȼ硣
гϴŶʵ
ûУҪУҲŵӵ˻ˡƴϴ
˼˼Ҷ棬ͦ˼ŶǶ㹥鱪Ҷ棬Ŀⲻͣ˸ţʲô
ʦ֣һҶǲӮĻ᣿ƴʵ
ӮĻ᣿ܡŶǼᶨҡҡͷŵذǰĵ̣Щͨŵܹȵġ
ңʦܣ㡢ҡ鱪ˣΪʹﵽŵӵż͵Ƚ׵Ŵֱ֮ӽΪŵӡҶΪﵽѪ۷壬鱪Ҳսʤģ
ҶƼ죬˼ģ鱪һȭӭȥȭͷܲŴɫԪ
Ԫ鱪Ѿ̤ԪҶҲǳԾѡ
ԪɫӵΪ࣬ʹߵΪʽ̤ԪҲĿʼ
飡
ֻȭݺݵײһȭͷϵԪ͵رһţ˭Ҳûк˰벽
鱪ҶͫͬʱΪ֮һΪԷʵȡ
鱪ΪڲǰѾ̤ԪѪ۷Ҷ棬ΪλϵѹƣܹһȭҶ棬Ҷȴ˿
Ҷ棬Լһȭ
ԪǾģ侫̶ֱԪĴڱȼ磬Ȼûгȫǽߵٶƣ鱪ƽǡ
鱪ʵеĻҪǿ
ߣҲһȭԣ
˵䣬鱪͵һֿ񱩵ƣȭһ䣬óıҶ棬ԪҲ͵رһֵɫ
շȭ
˽Ʒ似շȭԸٱƣСɣɻóıȣǴɣȭټ֮ʱɻó˱۰ȣ
ȭӰҶβһת˺鱪ıȵĹΧ
鱪ʱһŭĿգóıƲݼҶ档
˽Ʒ似ȷʵǸǵģ鱪ĽշȭһͽҶƵòӲӣҶҲûκλ֮
βʩչΧź鱪תʱʱʱһȭȭȭҲú鱪æҵġ
ŭĿ̤
鱪ŭһظ߸ԾȭȻó⣬Ҷ档УǽշȭеɱУʵʵϳɱС
һ̣ҶЩƣףԼĵ̻̫ǳˣ似̫ˣ㣬Ҷһ˽ƷշȭԿ似ûС
أ
ϵҶȴһʮȭÿһȭȭߺ˺鱪
鱪ȴȻ壬ŷߣֱӽҶȭȭ߱һһǽܻͷ½ϵľϮҶ档
һΣȴǽߣҶ޿ɶ㣡
߽֣
һȭӭȥɲǣҶ͵رȭΪƣץס鱪ȭͷһһжһ鱪ȭĴȥ
ʹһ鱪ȴǲ˱жȥе֣ȭһƣɫȭâʢ谭Ҷ浱ͷ䡣
һȭҪʵˣҶ㲻Ҳˡ
쵰ɣ
˲أ̨¹ս˶쳤˲ӣԪϢĶ䶷̨۾գգһҶˡ
ҶˣҲˡ
еҶͻ͵㣬ܹͷҪֱӽļ粿Ӹ˺鱪
ǡ
䶷̨µʱһԪʵ˽ƷĽշȭ鱪ȫ֣ҪǻˣҶ²ʱͷ顣
Ҷ治ˣ
˵ĿϵɿڴУҶļͷ͵һͣϺ鱪ȭͷɲǣ˫ͬһ㣬ź鱪˫߼ȥ
̨µĽԪͷͻһ˿ҶҪƴˣ


38 ջ
飡
鱪˸Žȭͷ·ɫһҶļͷ̨ʱס˺
ڶŵڴл˵ƲҶ汻һȭɵĳȴûг֣ȭɲǣҶļͷһֵƵʼٵĶΣеˣһֵ
β֮ʽ
鱪鶸һͬлĸоΪɱһȭûжҶɶ˺ˣ
ͬʱͬһ´Ҷ˫֣ؿ¼㡣ʱҶ˫֣һһ㣬ʮָÿһָͷһɫ㡣
ۣ
Ҷʮָ䣬ָһɫԪȻֱӱ鱪ڡ
ÿһⱻ鱪ڣ鱪ĪĲһ¡
žžžžž
˲Ϣ֮䣬Ҷ˫ں鱪ʮǣʮָɲǣ鱪һ˿֮ɫ
Ϊһ˲䣬ȻоڵԪˣ˵ڵԪֻĵڴתѹ޷
ˣȭͷܲĽȭҲͬˮһȥ
Ԫ߽еɱнԪ̨¹սĹŶ͵վ
أ
վ޷߶Ԫĺ鱪ȴǻģǿܶ˫һգҶͷ
˫ֱַһһͣ죬鱪ļؽھͱҶж˫ĴɲǣҶ͵ˣ
һȭʵʵ˺鱪ؿҪѪʹӺ鱪п쭳Ѿһȭɡ
鱪˷ڿУǰȰȰȵĳͻƽԪȴͣǺ鱪ڷĴ߶ԪƿҶ߽֡
Ҷ͵һһһܲԪƵ˺鱪ʺ
Ҷ磬鱪ͫҲ͵£Уһγ˾֡
ܲԪƵнǷͷǿһʵˣ鱪ɡ
ƫƫģ鱪ʱԪ⣬ҶڲµʮԪֻһС벻ֻҶһ
Ʒ缰ɲǣ鱪͵صɴ󵽼£Ѫ˿
һ֮
ں鱪ʱһݺݵײҶƵϣײƫҶƵ
꣡
ҶƵݺݵں鱪ϣ鱪ʱϳأ鱪ٴشز
Ҷ͵תĿЩƵĶ˿䶷ִ̨£žֵģѾǵڶˡʱλִѾ˵زĺ鱪
ٹ꣬ͻᷢɱˣΨһķʽ
ңҵְǼɱһλӣҲͬ֡
һ䣬λ䶷ִ̨¿һ۵زĺ鱪ļǣͽ鱪жĹؽڻָͬʱҶʤ
䶷̨£˲ؼžһƬǧŵӵĿ⣬ʱôޱȡڶǰĽԪЩŵ۾
˫۸ոջָĺ鱪˫ȭʱ߬
̧ͷ
ĽţһɲǣҶĻ÷顣
аԵҪ˶ʲôҪȨΪǿӦûȨŶǶǿӦеĴ
ڣյԸȴһЦһҶ״ƵЦ
ӮˣҶӮˣҶӮˣԪ˷ܵĴЦ£·ÿһⶼڻЦ
ʦֵǣллǵӣҷˣҷˣһ֮ǰԪ̵ĴʦֹŶǸ˾޲˺Ҷ졣
ڣȴ޲ðҶڣҶԸĻ
ԪĿЦȴǧӵŵӵĲǷŭǵеĺЩˣΪǼǮĺûᣬѺԼеҡ
ǧ˷ŭĿ⣬ʱԪ˲֮£ԪǼע͵˴ʦֹŶǵ󣬶ǵıͣŭ
Ŷʾ˹֤ʱܱģҲֻйŶˡ
ʦֹŶǴʱһ𾪣ҶһֽԪ֮Уһš
֮ˣΪŶҲѡֵ߽ǿ󣬶ѡϰ߽֣һޣǴӡ
ĿŶǵ߽ҲСɣеɱнԪ֣ȴôᡣ
һϢ֮ڿʮָ˰Ŀ๦ΪͻƵԪ֮û
ǣҶȴˣĻȻƵġ
ûãǧŵӣҲɢˣ˵ŵӣҲε߿ˡ
Ըķ䣬֮ͥ£ЩŵӻˣûûƤ顣
ǧʯףӮǧԻʮѪԪ£ҵΪҲܿѪˡ
Ȼʯ׻˻еĳɹЦﳤȥֻʯľԭء
Ѻ鱪ǰ˰ӼٵŹ׵㣬ȫҡ˰ǼģٵŹ׵㣬ĸƴƴµģһֱûá
ȴһɿգ
ԪһΣɷ˴˰ѹĴʦֹŶͻسԪЦ
СƣһСƶѣȫ˴ʦֵĸȫ˴ʦֵĸԪæĵͷ
ԣŶһ£ƺӲŽԪ̡
ˣԪ£˵Ҷĸ»۵ӣ𣿡Ŷʵ
ģġʦ֣ĸǰרŸ۵ӿ֪𣿺ҶƾɱһҴ׬һʡ
ԭİˣҶǰĸ۷壬֪𣿡Ŷͻʵ
Ҷǰ۷壿밡ޣˣɷ壬ǰɷ壬ʱҪ۸Ҷ棬ɷĹ»ҶŹԪ
ɷ尡ˡԱϣʦֹŶƮȻԶȥֻתȥϣһ˿ء
ʦֹŶԶԪЩĪ૵Ҷǰڵ۷壬ʦҪʲô
Ҳʱ̣ϵذ˸˼£Ҷʱ˺鱪ֳڵذڶλá
鱪֣˵˵λãƴϵ֣˵˵
Լ仯ŵƾ˱仯ԸƣƴϿЦ˴꣬ôء
ͬһʱ̣ذ仯ʱ򣬶Ĺִܷһףµĵذǰ
ϸɲǣִܷȴǴһ
ͬһʱ̣䶷̨ƲУһ˫ȥȻʤˣЩš
ʦ֣ǿط˰ɣҶЦű˽Ԫһսջʵ
ոձ̧ҽεĺ鱪ģҶĺһѪֲסĿ˳
ǽȫѺ˽Ԫһ䣬ͱһһе⵰
⵰Ҫߺ޵ǣһңȻҪ䵽Ҷǵ͵ʵУʵа


39 ⽱
ҶʦܣӦýҶʦˡҸ㣬ȥǲ֣һ׬ʮһƽֵĻÿˡ
ȵȣȰѺǷңһ롣
ҶʶԼС̣Ԫ͵һԴѽ㿴ңôءһʮһݿǴͷһ⣬һεĴɾҪˮˡ
Ԫǻ˵·һһ㣬˵ѻŷһġ
ҶһѺϴ赤ʮŹ׵㣬˷⣬Ҷ׬ǧӡ
ЩҶȫѺ鱪һҶѺȥֵܼʹﵽǧӡ
ǣҶ鱪һʿһʮš
һת֣ԪҶӵľ޿ýԪǶʼ鴤ˡһ̿ڵĴҲʮһӳͷ
һ⣬һ룬ȫҶˡ⻹꣬ʣµĴ뵱УҪһҶ棬ǵԼõġ
עʱŵµע廨ŵģѺӵģѺҩģֱѺŹ׵ģʱʣȴǼΪ鷳
ԪȴǼΪĽеĶעҶǰһƵҶʦ֣ɣֵӵĶעͳˣעĶӲͨЩ⣬ȫ
Ԫҿ̣Ҹ㵱˵ƾĬ⡮Ҷʦ֡Ҳе̫𣿡
ԪɣҶĺøУһͷԼüӵľ޿˵ˣѡݺɲһеģҶҲ˽ύ˼Ԫпһ㡣
ģҶɲȻǶˣϲɶɶģűˬ
ܰôܣֻҪҵǰҶͳɣϽ𣡡
Ҷ
һۣͻظʮӹЦԪУ۹⡣
ҶֵǰɣҪߵӾͱҪ˰ɣߣЩӣǶһ壬ƽ˰ɣϵһԪͼüŪ۵ϸˡ
ֵܣţ
һӣҶͺڶעԼҪĶʣµֻҪмֵģԪүܸ㶨
ƿ浤ȫˡ
ҶҲ߯ˣ浤һŶԪ˰ۡ
Ͻɱ˵ûи㵽浤
ٺ٣ŵӾסƷ壬ҲǳȥġԪ޵˵
ԪһİۣҶ涢һע˼ƿѪԪʮϴ赤Ҳˡ⡭
Ҷ㲻Ѫ۷ˣѪԪϴ赤Ѿûɶ˰ɣԪʵ
Ұ׼ؼһˣҵΪô꣬ҲТТˡҶ˵
ӦãӦðϴ赤ͨ˷ˣҲ٣ǿ
裬ԪͻһҶȴûзʣµģǧŹ׵㣬ȫˡ
Ҷ꣬ԪһʣµһӱƾʧˣȻˬˬһЩͻƵԪָտɴ
ҶȴǶŽԪһ죬Ͻдı⣬˵һ׵һһҲ̫Ǯ˰ɣ
㿴ҵΪʸôԴ⣿Ҵһѧϰ洫ĲдƷֻа뷽Ŀռ䣬һԪҶһָͷ˵
һǧ
ȥҪһǧ˼Ҳ㣬һһӣ⻹ҰһСæԵʡԪ˵
һӣ뷽ҲˣϽ𰡣лҲŪһҶ˵
û⣬Ҷˣһ뷨Ū
Ҷ뿪ʱ򣬽ԪͻسһҶ棬ûˣѹҶ˵Ҷʦƺرġ
ʲô˼
֪ڿĴϢĸ»۵һǺ棬ˣǰĸ۷ġԪ˵
Ҷüͷʱʲô
֪Ԫһ̯֣ҲֻǾ֣һʦˣܾġҲǺ棬ܾ½ĵذڶпвĵλɡ
Ҳɡ
Ǳ˽ԪҶ׼Ȼȥ˼һջ̫ˣҪúõĿһ£ôЩԴʵ
һ·ϣҶĺŵӣùּһһҶʦ֣龴ηҶЩƮƮȻĸо
ذϵα仯Ѿڵһʱ䴫塣
䶷һҶնɱһɱú鱪ˣдԣִֹĵذڶ鱪ҪҶɵ
ԣҶڶ㣬ֱӵЩŵӸҶʺʱȻ͡
ʵϣǿΪ硣
Ҷصסʱȴķ֣Ĺִܷȴǰţģڵ
µˡ˼һ£Ҷûɶ©ĵطӭȥ
ִ¡
ǺǣҶ棬ϲ㰡ϲһٶõذڶ
ִЦݵЦҶЩ⣬ϾȻˡǰʲôʱִ£ɶһ
ԼݵλͬˣȻͬˡ
Ҷ棬ǿɱذ񣬾ͳ嵽˵ذڶ㲻֪ذڶĺôصǰ֪ġִ˵
ذǰʮĽÿοĿѪԪ𣿡ҶЩɻʵ
ȻֹЩŵɱذǰһ⽱ģִ˵
⽱ʲô⽱Ҷ۾͵һ


40 洫ּ
ֲú鱪˽Ʒ似ء
߹ִܷ֮ҶŸΪʲô鱪һŵӣȻ˽Ʒ似һԪƴ¡
һУȫΪڶɱذǰŵӵһ⽱
ڵŵӣֻҪܹɱذǰ˽ؾ¥¥ʸŸذǰ⽱
£ֻгΪŵӣ̤ؾ¥¥ʸǸ˵ذǰŵӵĴ
Ҳܽͺ鱪ҶӲƴ֮£Ϊʲôܹƽɫˡ
Ҫ֪ҶĿ˽ƷľѪԪ幦ԪͱȷƷĹԪ⡣
Ҷ滹æԪҶԪþޱȡҪǺ鱪ǷƷĹΪҶһС磬ӲӲ֮£ҲҶƽɫ
鱪ĹƷ׸ҶһΪֱҶһС£ܸҶƽɫˡ
ǰƻջҶ⡣
ûκԥģҶֱؾ¥
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ӵãڸ֮Ϊǿ󣬿ͨӣо׼ˣԼı仯ָơ
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ΪͻԪ֮ĸı䣬ɲһ㡣
ߵĸߵľʱ޿̵ĲѪԹʹ߶ԪʱԪҲھнġ
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ĳ̶ֳ˵ߵΪͻƵѪ֮󣬾ԪѪͳԪھתϰ
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ʮöϴ赤ҲҪźϷ˼ãҪ֮ʱҪԪ߶пҩʮƿƵСѪԪÿһֻǷõѪԪʮ֮һҩĽС£ÿշһСɽȭɣ
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һΣɳȴûһȸҶԺлҳһѽҶķ䣬ȻȻʵҶ棬ǲǵʲôˣ


44 
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ܶ࣬ķܹ㣬󣬶ƵΪϱߡŵı֣ʱͻƵѪأѪأϣɷϷ㽻ֵ۵ӣȫʱˣԪǰսҲصעĶ񡣡ɳ˵
ҶȻô֪ô
ԣɳϸһ˿⣬Ҳ˭٣ѪԪҵΪͻͽҿʵİɷϴɶ紵ݶ˭ң
ˣԼǴʲôʱʼģ
밡ɳɳ˼˾ǰɣ
˾ǰҶԳ˼
˾ǰҶ䶷̨ϴͷնɱȭܺ鱪֮ʱҶף˵ˡ
˻˭أ
洫Ӧÿųˣ
᲻Ǻ鱪أ⵽Ҷٶ̫ˣ
ˣ
һ˵ӰشҶͷӹ
Ҷףٶ̫ˣĸµʱ䣬Ѫ۷۵ӣڵĵذڶ
ٶȣΧ֮ڣҲûУٶȵģһ츳ѵţЩ糤Ȼһţӵٶ
۵ӳҶϣٶȣͱúܲѰˡ
ǣ˽עҶϣ뾾Ҷܡ
ҶǳĿǰѾע£õӦԷǲɫ뿪ɷ壬֮ڣǰض֮ȡʯҺ
صþˣҶûɶܡԶʱҶǰضˡ
ֻǧǧշĵ
ңԺΣϣҶȥһضʯҺż侪˵ãҶؼңһҪһ㡣
䣬£Ҷ˼ƽϡ
ǰɷһ㣬ҶɳĵʱҶɳһƿѪԪ
̤ڰɷһɽϣҶ̤Σ·һɽǰУƽء
⣬ҶľȴǸ߶ȼУ˫ȫעɽҵκһ˿
Ҷ治֪û˸С޴
һɽĹ䴦֦ӰһεҶнɲǣ͵ص˲ʧУֻʣͣ
ҶŲúһӰسɽ䴦ߣСϹȻܡҲ飬춢ˣȴҡ
Ӱһʧ֮С
ʯϣҶγضڴضǰҶڵɽֿһۣӰ´µģûκ쳣ǣҶͷһ˿
ضֲ֮ȴԽԽʤ
ضڣһ糣ʮûҶ沼ڶ񴦵ͲѾСͲɫʯҺ
ʯҺʮĴӦ㹻ĸʹˡ
Ϊͷ˿Ҷ漸ٶȽʯҺװԼСͲߣ׼뿪ɲǡ

Ҷ沼ڶڵʯͻط죬һӰض֮ڡ
Ҷʦܣ㣬ͻԹԵĽеͲ¡һ
ʦ֣㣿ˣҶû˿⡣
ɳɸµʱҶ˽ԪĽʦֹŶǣƺġ
ҶǸˣпܾǴʦֹŶǣû뵽ˡ
ҶΨһЩ벻׵ģԼСˣضʱ򣬸˹򣬴ʦֹŶθٵģ
Ҳ𣿡ŶһЦҶʦܣû´ΪܹµʱڣԼŵһųȻٶȣѪһؿͽѪ۷壬ľеĶɣ
Ҷ濴˿еСͲڵʱ򣬹ŶЦ
Ҷ棬ҪŷϣƷѪ츳ȻҶңǳϵһܸ֧֣һӣһѪԪҲɣ
ûʦϢ׼ȷҵΪ֮ͻͽľ⡣Ҷ˻еͲһ벻ͨ·ϣѾʩչֶΣôܹٵң
ŶǵЦұٶȼⲢҪģҪǣ֪ÿȥɷ壬ҪɳĵúҲ£ɳôãΪʱ䣬Ҳҹ˾֮ʱǹ֮¡
ԣҰɳһְ㣬ֻҪɳгʱܽӴͻմȾְ㡣٣˵ʵҶʦܣβǾҪⰵ·һ׷ٲ㡣
ҶϸԼ䣬Ἰ£ᵽһּζȻŵˡ
Լһ㣬ҶĽ飬˼֡
еɻҶ˫΢΢һ֣ڳȭļƣŶǺȵˣʦ֣Ȼ㷢ˣҲ޻˵⻹˭һսһбĹ
⻹˭Ҷ棬㵱ɵֺ£ôᡭ
û˵꣬ҶͻؾͱƶŶ䣬Ҷĵˣ


45 ضˣ
ҵĻҶ棬ѵΪһˣʰ㣡ʦֹŶʱ׹Ҷûͬ
ʳ֮Ҷƶ٣ȻǶԼʵаա
鱪䶷̨ǰҲôġʵҶ汾߰˳ɵİȷŶһģʣֻΪԷһ
񣬼ȻȷֻйŶһˣͺðˡ
ҶλضĶƶţһɱζⲢ̫ضɢ
ҶʦܣɱңŶüëһȵ
ʦѵִУ
ҶʦܣʵΨһĽʽ飬ǿԺƽġŶЦ
ƽҶһĲš
ţŶǶҶ棬ͻضһ㿴
ݣ
ҶĿתɲǣŶָ˦һĹʹżƿ֮ϮҶ棬ͬʱŶ䳤ʣâֱҶ棡
ҶǱŶǴһֲһաμܹ˹ŶǵİϮضĿռ̫Сˣǰ󲻹ʮףߵȫʩչһεġ
ŶȴӰε׷ɱһСɹصСǽʩչϳ²߽âٴҶ漲
ҲҶβʺϽսֿռСĵط׷ӡ
ͻأҶתܹ˹ŶǽⱬǵߵĽâһһ룬Ҷɲǣⷢˡ
ԭҶ淽һضڵĶǰǶϵʯ񣬻ҶǰʯҺĳڶϵģԴ֮ûʯҺûڡ
ҶˣʯҺĶȴŶǵ߽âһͺ䵽Ƕϡ
أ
ʯɽ
Ƕ񴦣ҶĴͲŶǵĽâ÷飬һһ׵ĶϿӡ
ˣ
ҶŶͬʱһ㡣
һɲǣŶнһԾҶ棬ҲˣֱӶСǽеɱУ
ͬʱһ㴭Ϣ֮Ҷ棬һȭ
ƷȭеɱСͬ飡
飡
ҶһȭɳɫԪȭӡӭ˹ŶǵĽ⡣
ԪɫȭӡùŶһ£ô죬ͻˣ
ǵŶǵĽҶ洿ɫȭӡײһɲǣŶǵɫ䣬иֳ֮ɫ
ôܣ
ŶǵĽ⣬ȻҶĴɫȭӡǸ飬ˣǴɫȭӡƵùŶǲòء
ŶǵɵģΪ֮ͬ£Ʒ似˽Ʒ似Ʒ似ûʤĿܡ
УҲƽɫռơ
ڣƫƫͷˡ
ҲڹŶ𾪵ɲǣҶһһһߵݣҶֱײ˹ŶǵĻžžž
˫ʮָһ˲Ϣʮָ߽֮Ԫ
Ŷһɫʱǵͨ죬ԪӿҶոյʮָĵطĿըŶڷĴ߶ԪƿҶ߽֡
ǣѾˡ
ԪߣֻҪһ˲Ļᣬܿ˵ʤ
οԪĹŶǣṩҶʱ䣬ɲһϢϢġ
žžž
飡
Ҷμȭ絶һ˲䣬ʮȭֲԪȭͷͺ˹ŶǵҪ֮ϡ
գ۵Ĺ򣬹ŶǾѪ磬ήڵأһϢ
£Ҷɲģַ߽Ŷǵ˫˫ȵĹУͱж
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̶̵һ˲䣬ҶѾˣ¹ŶݼΪעĿҲøɵ
ȵȣ
һ˲䣬ŶǿˣҪҪɱңҶʦܣǵذһѾųϵߣɱңд鷳
ɱ㣬ҲŻд鷳
ҶʦܣбҷмֵĵҩЩҩһҶʦܣһС
ŶǵȻֹȴҶһʺ
ƲģŶǵŵȻΪˣҲҶǡ
Ŷ˵ûذһݣպٷְٵŵӣǺǱſصŵӡ
һͨŵˣڣȻ󲨣ǹŶذһˣ𶯣֪
ǲɱС
ҶģҲֹֻܽضڡ
ģҶֻܶˣ
Ŷǵ˽ġ
˵ĹŶǸˣûжκˡڴǰŶǰ˵ɷ̽ҶϢ֪ŶڹעҶ棬һ㣬ҶһҲġ
Ϊ֮죬עŹ֡
ŹŶֹͣ鴤ʬ壬ҶؾҵĴϢһĪĿ־˷ܸУͬʱҶͷҶ治ɵô졣
⻹ҶһĽɱˡ
һԶԶ߽ɵ̫Զˣѹûʲôо
ƽһºĨһѶͷ亹ҶǰĶ񴦣Ҷĵġ
֪ûбŶǸٵ
ѱŶǺһ󶴣ǰʳʯҺĶŶǺ˸飬ҲҲһ˿ʯʯҺټ
ʹİʯԽҶһģԽһ³ѵʯҺʹ˱Ŷһٵˣ
ͻأʯҶ۾һ


46 
ӵײһżСɢɫ΢ıʯĶͻسҶǰ
ɢɫ΢ıʯϱߣһСʯʯɫϱߣʱһ˿˿ɫҺ壬ǲһСʯ񣬸ʯҺˮ
һĻҶ漸ȷǰżСɢɫ΢ıʯҺԴͷ
ʯҺѾˣܲʯҺıǺεȵ档
ͻأҶ͵һ䡣
ʯҺıڱ¶֮к󣬱ӨӨˮȻĸɺԣǲһʯҲɲǼĹʧȥˮݣһϸɳ䣬ֻʣǿżСⱦʯƤļһ
ˮʧȥ⻪̼䣬ǰһɢɫ΢ıʯͱһſȥƽĶʯ
ҶЩˣæҵĽʯɰϣʯ顯ҶܹʯҺ汦ʯһ֡
ǣҶŬٶɰʯʯɹ⻪ˮû˿ָļ
˳ʱ֮Ҷʯ»ָʧȥϣңҲٵȥˣһʱҪˡ
ֻܽʯˡ
Ҷţʯһ˲õı϶֪á
ʯּһżСɫʯͷȴӵϴСʯͷҶʯ˲õģȴҶһ֡
ţʯ֮ʣЩĵҶ棬ͻ룬Լڵһ˿Ԫͽʯ顣
ֲʹ˷ˡ
һ˿ͷ˿ҪϸԪͽʯɲǣʯһȼĻҩͰһ㣬ֲŰشʯڿӿ
Ҷ˿Ԫ˲رʯڿ񱩵ը÷飬ǷನҶƾ˲ˡ
˵Ҳ֣Ҷͽȥ˿ԪʯٵøɸɾɲǣʯҶ־ֵֿĿ˲Ϣƽȥƽľһƽʯͷһ㡣
±ϣҶȴǺ²ѡ
ҿһֻۣͽȥ˼ϸϸһ˿ԪҪͽȥһԪʯǿ񱩷ನըĸ첲ġ
һãҪҶСǺ׵顣
ʯ飬˲ıһҪպඣ˵Ժã
պʯ飬Ҷ濴ǸŶĴӣЩȻüΪʯҺʹûˡ
ʧ֮磬֮ɣ磬Ҳʯʲô˲õıأ
뿪֮ǰŶǵʬҶôһ£ٵһ£ȻǰŶϵĲƻҶǲ׷Źġ
ŶĶ࣬һƿ浤һΪСǽ˽ƷؼаһһƬĽҶӣмֵģȴʮÿһǧĺˮǮׯƱ
֮⣬ǱдŹŶŵݵơ
գصĿǣҶߵģֻһƿ浤һŽҶӡ
һƱҶھϸȶԣԼеƱӡȫһҲ֮Ҷ滹ԼĻС
ڼֵ˽ƷؼСǽԼŶǵҶ滹ʵʵŶǵʬһ
ЩЩҶ滹ǺǵģǰŶ˵мֵĵҩиֵǮıȥŶǷ޴˼˿δ
ҶʱڼϲС˵ǣС˵Ǯûӣ̫ˡ
Ҷ涢йŶǵƣȴǲ֪δ
ÿһλŵӣһƣƼ棬Լ¼ŵӵŹ׵㣬ذӦ˵಻Ϊ֪á
Ҷ治֪ƻʲôãԲԴáвأɹغҶС
Укͬߡɱ⣡
˼ãҶͻڷһԣ˵һƽʱΪΪƧŵӣںɽﳤ꣬ʬǶ˻û˷֡
󣬻ͨƣȷŵӵݡ
ʵǾʹһ¡õƣû֪ͨųá
һȷֻҪȷһ£ҶһʱڸǹŶǵѶ
СĴضеĺۼҶŹŶǵƣϢ뿪
Ҷûоκ˵뿪˰ɷ壬ڵﶫ壬ذϹŶԵֵʱҶŵһҲ
ŵˣֻҪڣ־ͲӵذʧһʱڣŶǵͲᱻŷ
ŷԽҶԽȫ
ڶ죬Ҷڶִܷ֪һͱŰ뿪ڣ̤˹ҵ·;
λɽҶ䰲ԼǧԶҵ·᫣ҪǿУ죬ҲҪһ²ܸϻȥΪ˷ʱ䡣
ɽµСзɽƽصǧۣǧӣҶ湺һƥͷǵİɫ
һӵмϡٵѪƥ½귱ѱޱȡɽƽص
۸񹻹󣬶ιķǮÿһӵĽͷɲһܹġ
ȻڵҶԣѹʲô
Ҷץ·ʱ˿и
һ죬ҶĺˮϣźˮīӿĺˮӣҶͻһЯĹŶǵӽ˱ڲϢĺˮС
ЯΣ⣬ڱҶӽˮУ˳īĺˮԶƮȥ
ʱһͷˮףʱ˳ŰײϰʱˮںӵϣڣεײУŶǵơ
һͷŶǵջΪƬźˮȥ
ǹŶǵѵɲǣµذϹŶǵһٵ˸ʹӵذʧˡ
ذҶ΢΢˸һ£ռ˵һҶᵽĺ鱪֣Ǹ϶λá
ӦĶִ¿ŹŶʧ֣ŶǾסķ鿴ѯһ֮ɫ䣬ıڵ壡
ʲôذһŶǾȻǿϷеĵӡ
˲Ϣ䣬𶯣λò洫ӡλ齣洫ɽ


47 ɽ
ΪذһŶ֮𶯣洫ĳʱҶȴѾ䰲ֻаţɽ
ʱɫҶȴûڼŸ·һͷս
ǣ˽ƷޣײУ޲˵ٶȼ죬ҪǣͷϵĵֻУһ⣬߲Ҳˡ
ƾ輫ɵβҶԸǣȴࡣ
ͻأһˣǰצҫ⣬쳣Ҷ档
Ҷȴǲܣ˽ʱҶһǵ࣬Ȼһȭ͵غ
粽ȭ
飡
ҶȭͷݺݵǵĸһۿɼĲƴǵĸɢλԾڿеǾ͵طһ棬ŵǿУѾӿ
һȭɱǣҶ˼ؿڵ飬ִǵͷȻ󾲾ĵȴš
Ҷʧǣڴе龰ȴûг֣δ߶飬ǵʬ壬ûκεı仯
ǲ𣿡
ͷǣѾҶһ·ϻɱĵͷˣÿһͷޣûгҶڴе龰ûӰһ㣬ɾеľ
Ҷ֮ڴΪеһ뷨
Ǵںɽ֮ƣҶɵǻӰ֮鷢ر仯ɾ˻ӰѪ񣬲ҶΪһӰӰһؿռڡ
ΪӰӰҶ似ʱ츳ˣ£Ƿ켫ľ硣
Ҷһֱ룬ɵޣ޵ѪΪܱǣѧϰ似Ҳͻ÷ǳס
Ϊ뷨ιҵ·ϣҶһֱѰޣֻҪлᣬȥɵޣ֤һԼƲ⡣
ǣǶѾҶնɱĵͷˣҶδ߶ؿݷ飬һġ
ܣûô򵥣̾һҶͲٵ޵ƤëݣǼΪֵǮĶ
ⲻһ·ɱҶ汳İѾа˸ˣҶ׼䰲д
ɽ
ɱ

ͻأҶĶ͵һУȻԼԼĺ˺
Ŀһ٣ҶͣеĶŷһ·͵ؿһߣźķ򼲸϶ȥ
ţɽУһΪɽǿġһǰҶϵҶţɽţɽµ죬˽˵Ķ飬Ÿҽɽ
˵Ķɽáɽ硯мɵɽǻ˻Ƿ»ÿ˽ʮӵĹ·Ѳŵ԰ȫͨ
ʱҶͶɽΪʹޣҶû뵽һȥˣٸȻûнţɽϵĹɽ
֮Ҷϵ˰ɽһǰѪȵһĻȴҶ۾ʱŭѪ̲סļ
ȻӦһ֧ţɽ̶ӣһ̶ӣͼ̶֮ȫɽͨϰա
ʱͨϰգȴǵѪУ̶ӵĻŷ˲أֻȥѪصߣɽΧ£һģͷ
ͨϰգжͻᱻɽһףǶ֫бۡ
˲ĹѾŸͷ
ס֣
ŭ䣬ѪҶһ˹ȥ˼һʵʩչ
գۼ䣬Ҷߵݣһٶʮ׵ľ룬һУһӵһũɽоǰһҶͳǰûʺͱҶе÷飬ξȥ
žžž
УҶӰÿһгһɽʺе÷飬ÿһȭһɽؿ˲ݣһĳһɽԴĳϡ
һʱ䣬Ҷֵ֮£Ȼûа֮С
ҵģ쿴ǱһӲӣڶɽĲΧ̶ӻǼɽע⡣
ӲӣģңӵŭһеĳǹָҶ档
гǹָҶɲǣ͵شһ£ɫԪҵѽԪĴڣ
һеĳǹתܣеһ㼫ĵɫԪҲȫע˫֮ϡ
ǣѾע⵽Ҷ棬뿪
ݣ
Ҷϧʩչߵݣ˲Ϣ䣬׷ܵңһȭֱӽҵʮԶ
鴤һ£Ҿʹ
ҲΪļɽһǱͻɢӡ
ǣЩɢӵɽҶȴһûǲĵʩչߵݡ
ڳһɽҶּһѳĶʱҶ滺ķӣִһδСԴϣ£Ŀ˫ۣҶ飬Ѿ֮
һŲʮԴų裬ֻǴʱѾ촦ͯ˫Уɵôģд˾֣
вĶͯɱɽϧ
л֮
л
ɽһҴʱлҶ棬ͷصĿͷڶģȴȵ
ȾҸչŵϱɣոձɱǧĹɽǿ°ȥ
ȾҼɣ޲꣬ûô
ҵ㣡һ۵겻ͣĳҶͷ
˹һƬʱ򣬷ű̶ӻǸģͷ˵ҶǰסҶĴȾͺ
ȾŮɡǹŮʮ䣬ҪǱǿѣպô
ҳ𣬲ҺΰһļҲֻҪܾȻŮ㣡ӡ
ˣ
Ҷһŭȣȴ޽гһƬ˸סˡʵЩ˾㲻Ҷ棬ŭյҶ棬Ҳɱɽկȥ
ֻЩ̫ˣܵҶʳɡ
ɽɽկĸ򣿡
˳СһֱǰɽǵɽկС϶ǽ·ѣϵáͷ
ɽжˣǿ˭Ҷȴûмжϸѯɱǿѣɲ³çж
ߴԼһ˰ɣɽĴ󵱼Һ˵ΪﵽԪһٱΧΣʧˡ˵һΣξˣһ̶ӻ˵
ξˣ
ԣҶͷһݣܹ˿ξܵסٱΧˣɽʵС
Ҷ¶˽̬˺ΰȴǼٱΧξʧȫΪɽһΪ벽ɽϣѹ
ˣǰ벽ɽʱҪΪСģǰ벽ɽֻһ׿կ䣬Ѷܡ
벽ࣿ
ǵţ
һҶŹɽȥ·һȭɱҵʱҶŲ΢΢һ٣ҵʬ壬ɽȥ


48 ɽĲƸ
ɽԼһףߵͲƽУɽߣ׵Ԩɽ߷缲ÿֻС벽С벽ƶܱ֤ȶ
ǲù󣬴ХһȣҪɽ벽ͷɴ˶ʮ׳ɽͳ˹ɽǿա
Ҷִ벽ʱѾȫɽ֮Уİ
벽ȫ֮Ҷȴǵһ벽̫ˡȻ˵ߵһһܿʮ׵ľ룬벽ϣҶ滹ûаȫʩչİա
ߵͲƽɽխа벽ӽկߵĵطǱɽܲ޼ܹȥвҪ£
һҵĺ󾱣µԴʱסҵĺҶҵ󣬲ҵʬ̤ϰ벽࣬Źɽǰ
˭
ʲôˣ
˵˵ˣ
Ҷ̤ϰ벽ɲǣɽͷҶΣ׼ȷ˵ҵΣ
һ϶Ҫ¶ڣҶⲻеʬ弴ȻΪɽң϶ɽСġ
ɽկӰ´£˲˵ʹĻ˻ѣŻ⣬ۼļһϳ˵ݡ
ңңҵģֵأϴ˵ϾĲƻôû˵Ӱ
Ҷȴǲ𣬽ŲСƶţĹ򣬶ʮ׵İ벽࣬ҶѾҵʬһ롣
ҵģô˵ˣøˣŻ⣬ѾܹǵѪ
ҵģ
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ǻ׳ɲǣҶ֪Ҫˣ
ɲǼ䣬ӳĻѽҵģ˸յ˫ĿɫǵѪۡؿݵĴ󶴡˫ţ˸
ͬʱҶףŭ𣺡ӿţˣŭʱҶ汾ܵ˫һþԴ͵һ
Сɽһеʱк
ҹУƮɽϵ
ҲɽСҶһԵ֮£կ²ԵɽܵĽկƿһѡ
ڶɽĪĹҶҲǻ⼲ʱӽկ֮ڡ
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죬ţң
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ʸ
ɽŽкɲǣҶͻһһͶҵʬһկţܳȥɲǣҵʬ͵ͷʮ֧Ҷ˫ȭѾܲԪկȥ
أ
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կڣĴŻѣҰʱʣǰʱصɽµΣգҶһãʱӭɽȥ
˫һ𣬾ͽУ˵ǰһ壬֧͹ɽš
һʱ䣬ҶͬȺɱЩɽǺеɽ
Ҷȴû˿ѪصɽֻǽƤëͨɽͳͳɱ
еһĻѾҶ˼ΪпѪȵһÿΣҪ˵ʱɽկԺʮ߸ɱʬ塣
һУһ˲üʯ
կſڵɽҶ沢ûȫɱɾǼɽկڲӴܣҶֻǽ׺ںߡ
һ·ϣҶһɽĽкţʱʱԵɽ˹
ҶǰκԪµĴڣҶֵ£߲أƮ䣬ͱҶһƸˡ
һ·浽´µᣬ·һʱһӶûɽ͵ر˳һͿҶ档
ϣɫԪܲˮ
ҶûһȭպȭδɫȭӡͽɽԴըϡ
ҵġ
ǰǱͻɽͻط·סɤӰļһһĵ˵ϡ
ԭҶһȭɵɽĶҡ
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ɽŰۣǿֱָ̧ΨһһԺɲǣ죬ͱҶֱ˾ǡ
Ҷ澶ԿԺɲǣһ̹¶ëĴÿ˳
μСӣ㿼ǰӣҹɽ磬Բû㣬ҲкôʰֻӬԸ⣬ͱҹɽǿˣ
ÿʱǹɽأȰ˵һӰסŮ
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Ԫ͵ײһըһС磬ҶԭزɽȴС˰벽
ԪصΪ𣿡ҶһҶΪԪһغڣǼ䴿ԪܹӲƴˣҲֻԪǿĴڡ
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ֵܣϵģΪҪҵĳӣ㿪ҹɽһг˸СɽĿ˸
Ҫͷ𣿡ҶЦ
Сӣʶ̧٣Ϊһʶ㡣
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ҪǣȭһнӴճ಻˸о˲ֵͶ䶼Ĳʹ죬ʵ޷ȫӡ
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ҶɫԽԽأȭױȭֻǴ粽ȭȻ޷ƹɽ಻ȭƣ䣬಻ȻܹǣסҶȭ
ҶޱȾԪԪܹѹɽһͷĻҶǶҪˡ
Сʱȥˣɽȭͬˮ˰಻ݽȥҶȭƣȴԽǷϡ
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ұʧȥ֪Ҷĵʮ⣬߽֮Ԫ
ۿɼأɽ΢΢Ӳһ£˱ӰĳҶԪ
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֨֨˺üɽһȥ
ŵȥĹɽ磬ҶȴǰһȻҪϷɱɽ磬βԼ似棬̫
ԶſڹսĺμСӣһȭɱɽҶ棬й⻪һƬ
Ĵһ¼ͷϵƣҶͶӣڹɽĻѰҶ˽⣬ɽļҵףԲ١
ҶǣһȦȻջ
ҶʧʱĿͻӹ˹ɽסһӵʽȻԪϵĴﱦʮֵơ
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һҶ¹ɽϵͬʱĽŲԺŹ
ʱҶһһּΣյĸоͷ


49 ˮ
ಣ
оΣٵɲǣҶһһ˲ɽկڵһΧǽߡ
ɲǣҶڹɽϵָһһͽǸƴԼ
ͬʱŴļҶײһ˳˹ɽԺ䣬һеĹֱӶ׼ѾĹɽ硣
һ˵ĹȴǶ׼Ҷصĵطһ߳׵Ѫɫ޹Ҷ⡣
ҶϵãǺˮרõѪɱ֮ڣԪµĴܵԪߣֵҲΪ
ѪɱҶȴһͻȻֵЩˣǵˣӦ䰲Ŀ
ξˣǹɽ磬ɽѾɱһ֮ر
ҵŮܿˣû°ɣɽڶߵĺΰǾ͵ײײĳõĺμСӡ
ΰûн⿪ԼҰסԼҹŮӣͽμСӴñ˳˴Ժת˺üȦŽ⿪ӡ
ҶЩ⣬ȴˡ
ӣΰڳĴ֤ŮأҪǲôɣ֪Ժᴫʲôҥԡ
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ҶȴһֱûгһֱΰǸߺʱҶҲûֱλξʿ˹֮ҶСĴǽ
⼸·Ӱ£ҶȴǽࡣðȻپɱˣǲŽԩء
Ҷôϻż꣬ǿξԵһ㣬һ˿ŵľȡ
ʿɽΣɽˣͻȻΰǰӪ˵дǹƥɱ˰벽ࡣ
Ϊһλߣѹû뵽һδѾꡣ
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һ֮£ƽһȴȻ𾴣ʦܾȻǵذһ
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֪ҶذһݣƽҶĳƺҲˣҶʦܱҶʦ֣ҶжŤжŤ
ҶôȰƽǲĿڣ˵ŵĹء
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ҶģЩʿսΪٵĲƻȥԼһģ
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ô٣ξƽһǶѲƻüͷ˴ԣɽӻ޶ȣȻ鴫ȥĪˮ󻧵ȫң˵ʮƻһ겻ͱӻˡ
ԣҶһǼпǴġ
ͻأξƽһԣɫĳҶҶʦ֣м£ܲ
£뽲
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Ҷɫһ䣬ƽּæ͵Ҷʦ㲻֪ǹɽΣ˲ֵܣʱֵܹЩЩֵܵĸҲܺ㡣
ңǽɽǰϵûУ⿤ξҲǵͷˡ˵䣬ƽҶ泶ǰ·һһɼǵ˿ھ¶˳
Ҷʦ֣ǲ㶪ˡ
ˣĽɻһ룬ôæɣ
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𰸣Ҷ־͵ݸӣȥ̲ȥ۵ӣúҪǽ졭
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˵仰ʱҶͻҶͻȻԼִŵĽ׷ĵʲô
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ɽ·ϣҶƽĵģȻҶɱɽĹˣƽġ
Ҷʦ֣ɽˮƣôƵģǼһˮǳ˴ƽʵ
ˮƣҶһǲǹɽȭʵ죬಻ǰ󾢾ͷƷ
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Ҷҡҡͷ֪Ʒ̫ѲˣҲ˻˵Ĵ򷨣ĹƣҪȻҲɣô֪
Ҷʦ֣ߵ٣֪ˮƣˮڵĿҹ򣬷ǾӢӲýƽ˵
ˮҶ֪ģǺˮڶڵһΪӴţЩڲͷ
ɽôѧˮڵĿҹģҶЩɻ
Ҷʦ֣㲻֪ɽ磬ˮڵͽڽ˻˼꣬͵Ϊˡ
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˰˭˵û룬ش⹫ģˮǱ߾ûκλӦ
ˮҲǿɶ񣡡ܵģҶͶˮڲһ˿
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߶ξƽʣҶһ˵ʱҶȴЩڴó˴ӹɽȡµǸ
Ҷ水֪Ĵ򿪴ķϣעȥɲǣ߶һ˿Ԫͽ˹ɽ
Ԫ͹ȥɲǣ΢һһ߸Լһ׵Ŀռ䣬ظҶ۾
һڿռڴŵĶȴҶ۾һɣسһ


50 Ԫָ
ƽһĻƽ
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ԪһָҩòֱΪȴܹߴԪԪøӵľ
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ؼһΪԪؼԪָ
һǶξƽеˮˡԷһ£Ҷףɽ索ڵǴԪȫΪԪؼԪָ׼ġ
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ԪؼԪָһԪⷨţ˵ҲƵķţǣԪؼΪǿ󣬱˵ҶŵӣŵӣҲײڡ
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ҶţǹɽվǰƾԪҪ練ơ

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ش磬ǹƼҶһıǸ
ƽüͷһ壬Ȼˣ;͸ţڣܲˡߣʦǡҶʦ֣䰲Ҫʲôڲƽ飬ܱҵţ䰲û˸ҲҼӡ
˵һ룬ƽͻشסңҶʦֵΪ䰲ǣаڲƽ顣
شʢСܼˣм鷳ش磡
˵䣬ҶͽϵļƤӣϵ飬ŻӰƤȫ˹ƽ
ش磬ҹƼʵڵȲסЩƤëͷشҴˣӰƤͷشҽ˰Ƥס
ֵܣģڣⶫҾԸüǮߣǣ
ſڵʱ򣬹ƽؽҶһԵҶʦ֣˵ɱѵʱ򣬺ΰǲǸ㿪һҲͣΰŮȳת۾¡
ôҪҪҰôôΰǣµ³
ԣҶ濮ȻһЦҵɱϹɽѣֻΪһֻΪɽ̫ײУȻҲŹ
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ѪߣΪͣ
ش磬Сܾʹ˸ǣ
һҶµͷһĳ˳ȥ¿ξƽ֮󣬹ƽѾֻʣһڵҶ棬ңң˴Ĵָ


51 ʮٱĻ
ͨصĻŵʱҶɣ޵˫ᣬʱɵСǵʯ͵ĳǽеʱҶ滹ǲԾļһٶȣЩӵĸо
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δڣͱҶĶһۣʵɱʱسʿһս׹Ѳ˵󱳵ĺëը
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ֱҶһԶȥسʿµĨһ亹ֲ̫ˣĿһоһ㡣
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ʵһۣҲҶΪ֮Ǽسʿ¶ƣĿ⾯һ¡
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ŭȼ䣬Ҷ־һȭҶ浱ػ
м֮ɫҶһѪ۷ȭȭ٣ǰÿЦ
ԪҶָһţĸĸ׽ܾٲܵţӿɱͱҶǿѹȥ
Ҳ÷Ҷ־ûг׽ѩ֣ҪȻҶɲǣͻҪҶ־Դ
Ҷ־ȴ֪һ˲䣬ѾӹŹתһȦˣҶѾǰˡ
飡
Ҷһȭ޻ɵӭȥԪûжãƾģȫ
꣡
Ҷ־ұһֲ˼ĽǶ˲Ҷ־ɱĲҽǣجβŸոտʼ
飡
һƻҶ־˫۸˫ȣͱҶ澡ȥһȭȴǽҶ־ֱӺõɶѪ硣
ֶֻҵҶһϵѪҶ־ǰŭ
Ҷ棬㡭
ѵҶ־˵ʲôʱҶһֻžͺݲȥ
ꡣ
һҶ־̲סķҽ
ת˲䣬Ҷ־һұ۾ͱҶ˸飬Ҷ滹Ҫٲȥʱ˸Ҷɵ𣡡
浽ʱЩҶҶŷӦһӳҶҴԺҶԸһһ߹ȥȫ߳ҶҴԺģҲ߹ǡ
⻹ҶϵȰ£ҪȻҶʱ䱩ǵɱЩ˵³Ҷ־᲻ˡ
ȵȣҶҶܵʱȴֱҶһȸ˻
Ϲ̧ȥҵԺӡ
λȳȶϸ첲ҶҶ̧֫ϵҶ־ŵʱȴҶֽסˡ
ţ
ҶĽڲҽеҶ־ëըҶĿֲǳ׵׵ĳˣҶҪ
ߵǰҶȡĸƴľеĵҶ־˻εǲҪСү㣬ǲϡ
Ҷ־ѾҡͷڸʮӣҲˡ
žҶľдȫĵҶ־ϣֱӽҶ־˸һĪҶ־ȴҶһֱӸŵ÷˰ۡˡ

Ҷһ仰λҶҶƨˣܵ˵㡣
ǿƴļҲô˵͸أˬĸ׽ѩͻرԹ
û£öԣȿȿȣֻǽ졭˵һ仰ҶȴǾҵĿ
Ҷæ˵ǰ״˱ǷģǸ߶٣պǵʮٱĻ
ģ
ĸ׽ѩ۾һҶȴһɫ£ҶǱ߲ưոݣ


52 ϵ
һϢѾΪڵŵˡĸڣҶڵһʱ䣬Ϣ˸ĸ
ҶǣĸϢȻûһ˿һľ֮ɫƽòƽˡ
Ҫ֪ǰҶ滹Ϊͨ۵ȿ˶ȴΪŵӣ˭ȣ
ϢǰЩӾ֪ˣҾ֪ҶġӱϵϲѶ׽ѩæ˵
ĸҶȴǳ̾һʱ˲ðҲãڼҲܰһһӣܱȺĺá
ҶԽԽףԽԽò죬ǹҫ飬ôʱ˲ã
ϽҪջ£Ҷã϶֪鷢ˡ
׷ʲô飿Ҽǵ峤㹫ʣôͻȻջǵ飿Ҷʵ
Ҷ̾һԸ˵ĸ׽ѩȴǼĵ˳
ҶʤҶ쵰һǰ쵰ĴڻˣǻûãʹΪŵӵϢ
ΪŵӣҸ־ϲ峤ȥء
ĳ룬ûֹأҶʤҶ쵰˵ȻΪŵӣǽһΪ鱪ļһˣǸ鱪ŵеذڶб
˵Ǻ鱪Ϊ޼㣬ҪŪ㲻˵ǨŭеҶӵܣҶʤҶΪܲ˺鱪ϵ鷳ķ˼
Ȼ󡭡ȻӾԽԽѹˡ
Ҿ֪ͷҶվһŭ
ؼ֮ǰȥҹһҶʤҶõĴһǰͻؼ̽ˣҶ浱ʱ;Щû뵽ͷصȻԼĸĸ
Ǻ鱪ûôɣĸ׽ѩĵʵ
㿴µ𣿡
ϸϸĴһҶһ£ĸҶǼĸ첲˼£Ȼһ۾ͷϵҶɣ㿴˵ûɣҶӵ˺鱪ΪʲôϼҵĲҶӣҶʤҶ쵰
ˣҶʤҶĸ׽ѩһڡ
һᣬҶ泹׵ˣԭҶʤҶ쵰ڸϴųҥԣ˵Ҷȥ£ĳ֡
ҶʤҶ쵰ҲŹǵģҶһɱҲüʱϻˣҪȻĸָҪʲôء
Ҷȴ¶һ˿ԥɫʵȫҶʤҶԭ򣬻дϡ
ϣ
ǰһ֧һ֧ϵϱЩԹүүЩȥ˴ϵλãϧүүǴҶƽ˴ϡ
һ£ҶֵҶʤҶƽӣӰǰ;ȻҪʰˡҲ˵ϣȫǴҶƽƶš
ҶƽַҵҪ㻹ǸϽڰɣڵĹذֻҪ㲻£˭Ҳ㡭
㲻Ҫ˵ˣѽȣ£ͽɡ
ҶĻû˵꣬Ժͻ߽һˣʵϵ
еͷȥ
Ҷһӭȥʱһ̵ĺվԺУΪŤ
ͷݣݣ˼ôأҶк
ͷȴԽŤ˼֣ͷ˵ϵܣͲȥˣ֪ͨһµġ
ʲô£
Ͳˡͷ˵
Ҷɫһ䣬鲻Խ׷ʣΪʲôҶĳûʲôӡ
Ҷϵܣԭ㶮ģˣһ仰ͷһ̵ľˣҶɸ׽ѩɫҲһ̱÷ǳѿ
Ҷһҵ룬ǰĶռһ룬һҪҶ׬ģԭǰĶˣҶɻеĹҡ
еĹҲĪĶˡ
Ҷƽ̫
£һҶҲ̲סķƢƢ𱬵ĸ׽ѩǷ߷ߵҪȥҴҶƽۣ˻·ˣȴҶסˡ
ĸ׽ѩһ븸ҶһɫΪƷ˳
ǿʲôΪ⸸ĸǳҶ̲סͽӹɽһƽֱ԰˳ʱҶɷ򸾸ˡ
ӣ⡭ôƽģ
ôƽ㵽׸ʲôˣҶһŭ
ҶЦһ£æĽƽѾ˴࣬øԼɽġ
ǧƽ㾡ȥǧĶأЩ棬
ȥϹӶѾǰǰôԺӣһ˲ٳ֣̫ˡ

ĸ׽ѩҸӦһø첲һϵҶɣƣҶб£ôˡ
ҶɿЦ˵ģǵЩЩȴȫඣһΪԽߣǵҩֱۡ
ޣˣӣֻˣǼ£Ҳòٰٰˡĸ׽ѩҶһۣ˵

ҶڣҶ־ļ̧żзϵҶ־Ҷ峤Ҷǰ޳һƬ޵Ҷüͷһ֡
峤ҪΪҼ־ָΪ£ȴǸСӴԺɽô
峤ƣҲ̫ˣ֣ȫĭˣ˵ˣ㳤ãҲǷϵġ
ȵ޹ˣҶ־ԵһʹɫĴҶƽͻվ峤ԥˣҶ·ϣ޹Ź򳤱ðɣ
£ҶȷʵЩˡҲ³򣬶Ҷͬڡ
峤ʱˣ㻹֮ͬ飬Ҷ־գϣգ峤Ҳܹð
ңҶбĺ鱪ЩƲϵĺãˣΪ°Ҷƽʹļ׵˵
ⲻ̫ðɣˣϹͷŽţΪл˾ˡ
ǣҲΪҶһˣȫۣͻǰ;峤¾˰ɣպһһȵᣬʱͰҶһ֧׵ɣ
˵꣬ҶƽصĶ˶˽ţλ˳ȥ峤Ҷ죬һơ
ϱΪףԽԽɫǸҶƣȴԽԽˡ


53 ΰ
ףҵģͷͷһʱĳʱ򣬸ĸķͻشĸ׽ѩľ
ҵͷôˣ
ˣˣ޽ǵİ׷һҹ֮䣬ȫˡ׽ѩϲޱȡ
Լ޽ǵҶͻһ㣬ĶԸ׽ѩ̲ס˼۾ⲻΰɣ˵꣬ҶɾԼĴϺݺݵšһǡ
ôˣôˣôˣ׽ѩһŵʵ
ʮ꣬Ƥˡþʮռ޹ʱһˡҶɶԼҵţͨͨĿ
ʲôģ׽ѩһŽž´˵˾ǰʱʹסˡ
ǸˮۻʻŮ˶Լ
žӿһᣬ׽ѩճյҵģҲΰɣ
Ȼģ۶ӸǷõ鵤ҩˣش꣬ҶɾҲڴϴ赤󣬵ûһҹ֮ʮĳ̶Ȱɣ
´ҶϰԵ˸ļⶼ΢һþѪشӵӿָƼӿžž
Ҷ˲ؾ;ˣ
Ϊ
ѪصΪ
ǰԭѪصΪѪ˥޲Ѿ䵽Ѫˣһҹ֮䣬ȻָѪأ
ԺڣȭҶŸĸĴСһЦ
øĸһöϴ赤пҩ˵˯ǰڷǵĲˮиһʯҺ
û뵽һϾͼЧЧΪˣ
ӣУ˵䣬ҶѾСеĴӷڳҶ档
״Ҷ΢΢һЦѹʵ˫һΣӭȥ
һ죬Ҷ涼ûĵڼҸĸӣÿһʯҺһϴ赤˵ҶɸдѪԪá
ǰǰҶõ˺ܶѪѪԪҶû˿ôҶһԵȫ͸ϵ
̶ҶɵΪȫĻָ˵Ѫأһо
ȻԼҶҲû˿ɣÿ㸸ĸ֮⣬ʱ䣬ױȭ粽ȭˡ
ȻͿµϸָһͿµľĵãҶô죬ҵױȭ粽ȭǸͬķ㣬ǿĽױȭ粽ȭıںϵһ
ǣںȴǴδܹɹʮȭҲֻȭܽױȭ
Ժڣʮľ׮ҶΧҶ΢˫ȫδɣԺУױȭһһţֲͬȭ֮Ĺͬ㡣
ԺеױȭɲǣҶ۾һͻضˡ

ױȭʩչȭٶһ㣬Ժʱó˼ʮ۰򣬷·ʮֱͬʱȭһ㡣
ȭӰڻɲǣٿغ·һĴ
һɲǼ䣬Ҷ磬Ҷ˶ʮȭÿһȭԺŵһľ׮еɲǣеȭӰǴһȦеģȴûκα仯
飡
һƬʮľ׮򱬣Ǳȴǲͬġеľ׮ֱӱһأеģȴֻǶϳء
ɨһۣҶĵ˵ͷʮľ׮Уʮһľ׮ֱӱأоŸȴƬױȭɹ־
ӽɵĳɹʣЩĿ޻нġҶĵ˵ͷνɣֻҪȥò˶ãױȭ粽ȭں֮ױȭĳɹʣܴﵽʮʮ
Ժһ죬Ҷĸ׽ѩȴǼҴҵĻˣɫܲÿ
ҶЩƣĸ׽ѩ⼸ܣصģ֪ʲôǰ컹һϲɫôˣ
ǣ
ûʲôȥ¡
˵䣬ſھʹҶȥ˾ƿ˴ţ˽߽ģֹһˡ
߽ģһ̴ĸˣ󣬸ĸҶÿҶһӡ
ڷˣ㡭㡭ǸʲôǸˣ׽ѩɫر÷ǳѿ
ҶɩӣŸ˵Ķ˵ˣ죬ǾͰ¸ඡڷ˵
㡭ôأ׽ѩȴǼˣ˿ˣô˵ٻͻٻأ
ٻ飿Ҷһ㣬׽ѩô£
ĸ׷ѩһͨͣҶµԭί
Ҷɷϴ̽Ҷ֮׽ѩһֱٸϱģ˸۵ģ̸˼ΣͰ¸ˡ
Ż£ĸԭ׽ѩҶɣֱӾͽ񶼸ˣ͵Ҷˡ
ǡЩҶˣ׽ѩŲٰ£ΪҶ˰½ʮļ㵢ˡ
ǡöҶ׬һʽӻ׽ѩŷĸȢϱţææ˼죬û룬ڼҲˡ
Ҫٻ飡
׽ѩϻҶһ£û룬ڼֱβ׷ſڣƸˡ
˭˵ҪȢϱˣô£ôҲһ£˼ҹô죿Ȣ£Ҷѹû
ҶףҪߵĵ·עܹͨȥġ
Сӣ㻹е֪֮
Ҷ˵ĵڶڷҶɩӣ͹ƸһֲٵҶˣǻ飬㻹óǵ˺˰ɣ
ڷˣ㡭ôҼĵ䲻ҹŮˣ˵ҶӳΪŵӵʱô˵ģôתۼͷˣ
Ҷɩӣ⻰ɲԣŮΣҲܽҼҹŮư
ĸ׽ѩŭҶɫһһּȲˬĸоȻĵڶһûչ޽ǻһС컨ýӾԺӡ
Ӵι⸾ô˵أҶҶӣʲôʱɻҶҶӣǱĽġ
޽ǲ컨ýָڷ˵ıӾһͨ֮󣬼׽ѩǰ͸ߺҶˣҶˣҸ㱨ϲϲˣ
ʲôϲ£׽ѩһ¡
ʲôϲ°ȻװǵĺκδүΨһıŮҶҶˡýϲ˵
κκ˭׽ѩЩãȻ
ӴιҶҴɩӣ㲻֪ΰǣ䰲˲֪˲ĺΰǰҹˣ
ʲô˵䰲ǵĺΰǣûڷǵһ


54 Ů
䰲мΰǣýųڷ˷һİֳۣ׽ѩЦ
Ҷţǲ֪μСӲûòɣͨ黭֪䰲ǣ׵˶ųء
˵ýصǰһ׽ѩ˵Ҷˣδү˵ˣֻҪ³ˣļҲһ룬ͻױ޹
׽ѩѾˣոճŵĸҶɣҲ⻰һ䰲ǵĺΰǣǿɲǴģ鲼䰲⣬˵Ʋ°䰲
ΰǵһƲǵж٣
һԵҶȴǸһ˿ЦǰѾˡ
ý˵ҲΪ̱˺μСӣֱӸڷˣϽ߸ϽߣҶһҵףܸʵģ߿ߡ
Щ²̨ڷҲ˲ˣΪһý˵Ǻΰ˾Ǻΰˡ
֪ǲ٣ΰǻῴ
ĸ׽ѩȴ仰÷ͨ죬ӻȡһֽ飬˺Ƭʱͻشһ
˭˵ҿҶҶˣҺβءеУһĺΰǸںƵ̤Ҷլš
ν壬ΰǳţͶôһӻ̸ơ
һţҶɷ򸾣ڷˣΰǵƸˣ˭ףǰˣǸ
ǣеĴ飬ȴӶˡ
̤ҶԺĺΰǣڿҶɲǣ͵һ죬쳣Ҷǰ־ҾҶӣ
˸ȥ⻹δ̩ɽ
Ҷһۣ㻹˵ΰţɽϣǱ쳣ôһִζ
󣬺ΰ̬ܵ͵ĸҶĸĸ񣬾˵£ҶҶˣǰСŮ׵ģͷĪϷˡ
˵䣬ΰһ֣һͽԺˣûһĹ򣬾ͰԺӡ
⣬оʮų񣬻ͷЦɡΰһָ˵
Ŀɿڴڷһ⻰ͷһ̽ûԼҧͷҧ
ҵĸ죬ſڵʱѾ˳񳵶ӣһ۶ͷҿǳ޵ӡԲᡣ
ҶڴˣΰҲҰһӣչʾһ³⣬ͳҶɷ˵ȻŮ£ͷ򸾿Ϸһ̸
ĸ׽ѩͷʱҶɺһ׽ѩʾһҶ棬׽ѩ˲طӦ˹
ΰ˭ҪʽУҪŵˡ
ȴҶмӲ˵ģΪʲô
Ҷɷ򸾲ɵͿˣȻΪǵĶҶ棬£ȻҪѯһҶˡ
⵽ô£
£ɡҶǰ˵
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׽ѩ˵ʲôʱֱҶһ£Ҷɼʶ㣬۽Ϊ㡣
ðɡ
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Ȼڷ˱ĿģۿŻ鱻˺飬Ҷƺֳģɫٵرɷɷ׵ģЩʡ
ڷˣ¹ңûĸżˣѻ٣£͵Ϊ֮ɣ룡Ҷ˸Ϳ͵ơ
ڷ˵˲رҲǣҲǡ߰ɣѾûȥˣ߰ɣЩʣԼԼãЩԿܲס
ҶͱǸһģڷֻܺݶһ½ţЩʵ̤ҶҴţ̤ſһŵ˶ʱٴһ֮Ѿǳˮһӿͷ
ڷˣҶĿֿ˺ΰǣúΰæЦҶӡ
⣬СˣȴѳܡҶ˵
һǺΰǻҶɷͬʱһ䣬ſڵһӰǽ
ΪʲôҶӣΪʲôŮùɫ㣬֪ŮһΪɽկ֮£ΰǼˡ
ǣҶҡҡͷ
Ϊʲô
ҶȴǿЦǺμСȷʵɫ㣬ҼΪʲô
ΪףԺߵĽһϱǿսĵ··ϵİ£Բڷ˵ŮֻǹɫĺμҴС㡣
ǿӦˣҲǺǡ
ýŴʱ׽ѩߵ˼䣬ĸ׽ѩ΢΢⶯֮ʣͳҶʵ£ٲһ£
ԣΰֳָһĨϣ
ͿǺˣֻܹ˺ˣҶᶨҡҡͷ
ΪʲôΪʲôȻˣΪҪңҶܾɲǣϵĺμСȴӳϳ滨Ŀ
գҾ֮ʣսһɱ˹ɽ磬ҡ֪գֺαؾң
ԭԴձҶȺҶӰսһ˺μСӵͷԴ˲跹˼ΰǶ෽Ů£źƤҶףû뵽ûҶ浱ܾ
źμСӵĿߣ滨ҼģҶɷ򸾶ΪʹýڣϣĿҶ棬ϣμСӵĿܹҶת⡣
Ǹҵֻ뵽ˣδ㡭
һ仰ʹ˵һ˿ϣμСӸ۵һ˳ܻϡ
Ϸˡΰǳ̾һϷ϶Ҷǳ֮ȴһ̰ġ
Ϸʹ˸ˣˣЩ񣬻ҶЦɣϷҶľ֮ı⣬գߵ̫ˣȴδϡԱϣΰǴһӣȥ
Щ㻹Ǵ߰ɡҶ漱æ˵
ΰһ㣬ôҶ᣿ٳȻϷʵһ룬ȴҲˡ
ҵվˣΪǮƣҶ漫Ϊľܾ˺ΰǵĺ⣬ʵҶɵǮƣҶãҲõ
νлǮ̫ˣҡ͹Ҷڼʱû£Ҷ뿪ΪĸлҶա
ʹˣΰǴĺμС뿪ˡ
ǺμСȴδޣһ˼һһ־ߵꡭ
ΰߺҶĸ׽ѩȴǼˣҲҪҲϣμСҲϣ㵽ҪȢ˭ߣ㵽ҪȢʲôģ
ҪȢʲôģ
ͷҶͷһɲǣӵӰһӶ
洫ֻһССšͷһ룬ͱҶٵӰ١
洫Σ
ҶѾŵӵһˣò˶ãҶͻΪŵӡ洫һһգҶҲߵһ
ʱҶȻʸˣ
ҵİ£㲻ǲӣҲؽǲӰŮ
仰Ҷת߽ڣҶɷ˭
ݣ
ҲһɲǣƿյļХҶĴ˳˲䣬һֽѾĲ嵽ҶҴϡ
Լţû룡


55 
ãѪծѪҶƣ
˺ŷ֮ʮѪĴ֣Ĵۡ
ҶƣȻǰˣһۣҶɵɫ䣬ҶƻˣҪһܰɣ
ôҶƺ𣿡Ҷüͷ
ҶͬΪҶӵܣҶһ꣬ҶΪӵܣ츳ڣҶϵӵٽҶֻ֪Ҷ츳ڣǰͱͽˮڡ
ҲǴһԭ򣬼һ
ҶǴҶƽĴӣǱҶеҶ־ֶôһս飬ӦҪΪҶ־
ֹһˮڣҽˮʱ츳ڣֱӾͳΪˮڵŵӣˮŵеٮٮߡ
ȥʱд˵Ѿ̤ԪΪˮڵŵӣһȥˣΪоΪ٣ǰ㻹ֻѪһصһΪ
Ҷƣ˹ϵĽϣͻƵ龳ˡԲĶ֣㻹Ǿһܰɣ
һܣҶ滺ҡҡͷ
⺢ӣôôأɽڣûա
㿴ʲô˵䣬Ҷ΢һ㴿ɫԪʱܲϡ
Ԫһ£ҶǴ󾪣иֳ˼ɫϲɫԪԪΪȻͻƵԪˡ
⡭⡭ôܣ꣬Ű겻ʱ䣡
ޣֲãǰ˵ѪԪѾûɶˣԭ˼
ҶЦŵ˵ͷ˰ɣ
ҶɵΪ࣬ȻΪͻƵԪ򲻿ɴ⡣ҶƣϾͻƵԪһ֮ˣ˵Ԫۺ似裬Ҳܹȵϵģ
ף
ԣҶЦˣ似裬治¡ͬΪˮڵĵӣҶƱ֮ɽΣ
ģ죬һеҶһľϲҶޱŵ˵
Σֻϣúõģߵʵǡһֱδ˵׽ѩͻҶ־Ĳ״
ͷİɣ

ҶԶԶѪˣˡҶЩʤ̭ζҶ棬ûѪ츳֧ûвμһһȵʸ
һʸμҶ˾ͱȥ˾ųܹ֮࣬μҶһһҶˣȫҶ˵ľӢ
ǧҶ徫ӢУ룬Ҷ㣬ް뱲ΪѪǻĴڣѪصĴڣѾҶ徫ӢеľӢˡ
ԪĴڣҶеˣ峤еǰļλԪĴڡ
龳ĴڣҶʷУֹλÿһλҶĻҵΪ֮ţҶһλ龳ĴڶûгֹҲҶֻڽСسǳưԣ˽أҶʲôҲǡ
Ҳԭ򣬵˴ҶƽǣΪĴҶƣǹϵĽпͻƵ龳Ҷˡ
һ磬ҶԺ⣬ͼǰμҶˣֶʺͣò֡
ȴҶҶɸӾԵ
ڶǰǰ󱳵ģҶ游ǰ֮ڣһ㡣
ߵǣҶ游춯߷ΧĸȦͻӦƶ
ůҶЩ֮Уۡ
ҶɼΪ˴кЩҲǴҴӦһͼæתͷ±˿
ҲڷһĴԵԭ
ںΰ֮£Ȼ˾֪˺öҶɵ֮⣬ȴ˿ҶҸֵľ
־Ҷ˿Ϊ⣬ǼΪϵҶɷǳľɥ
۲ԶһʿҶƣͷӦкЩӦ𲻼ˣЩʺϰ죬ҲûӦִ˲ƣǰա
ȺУҶ濴˴ҶǰҶʤҶˣ˵ĿҶĿһԣʱܾͬһת˹ȥ
ҶʤҶˣҶЦһ죬һҪúõһ˵
ҶԺΪ㣬ĿյأɵǧˡŴŵĴ򿪣ڶҶһѷĳԺ䳡
Ҷһһȵĵһ⣬Ҳ⣬Ǿᡣ
˵ӿ̨һ࣬Ҷ峤Ҷ죬ԼԴҶƽΪ׵һϴӵŽɽ̨
Ҷÿᣬ뼸λص¸صĴ׳Ҷ
˾峤ҶСϵ˵ͷˣʼɣ
ԣʱվߵ̨ǰλүǣҶʽʼһᣡ
ɤӣָϹأ㵽ֹùˣǰؽǽ꣡
ȵһ浤һƿȵڶѪԪƿϴ赤ţȵѪԪһƿ
˻һƿ浤øߵĽ
Ҷ˾ȻһĽΪȣ䰲ߣһƿ浤ļ۸񣬸ߴһǧӡ
ֱʣϾСسǵҶԣһĽǴֱʣ
̨£Ҷ治иƲƲ죬⽱ûʲôջ󣬲ڵҶ壬óһƿֵһӵ浤Ǵֱˡ
̨ϣǸһ˿ԾЦݣһĽ֮˸ȫڱƶԭ
ΪʵģȵһĴҶơ
ڰԼΪϣ
鰴һ˫ֹ֣˵ľ˵μȵһʮһˣɰϹأǩ
ȵȣл˵ϻû˵꣬һʿҶƣΪͻأĴϵĻֱԾ̨


56 һϰ
ҶƣʲôᣬȥҶ쳣̨һΪ䡣
ҶƷûϵĺһ㣬ֱߵ̨УͻָȺеҶȵҶ棬ҹ
ϵˣҶԸΪЩ£ԽԽˡһԪһӿϾֱӴҶȥ
ҲɲǣҶƷ·Ӧϵͼһ޵ƶסϣһһܡ
ǿֹҶƣҶʧ֣ʱɾûضˣϾҶƿҶпͻƵ龳ˡ
һˣϲɵýĿ⿴˴ҶƽףΨһֹܹҶƵģҲֻдҶƽˣ峤С
ϴʱȴװʲôûڵĸƽгš
һģʱףҶݵһǴ׿ϵģһ㣬ʱŭˣҲٹ˼ɵĳҶŭҶƣʲôᣬҶʲôԹԺٽ𣿡
һΣҶȴǻشˡ
ƮƮһۣҶƵϣӣ᲻ʰҶ棬ٹһûˣ
Ϊʲô
ΪٹһᣬҶһ֧ҪҶ壬أһ֧λҪͳ
Ҷƴһﾪ
Ҷƣ˵ʲôأ峤Ҷɫ˳壬λ˲õĴ£峤֪ҶƵȺ˵
̨۶Ҷ鶸һ壬һ֧λƶʩչˡ
ҲҶ⣬Ҷ屾û̫ĹУƾҶļҲƱ£ϵ½һҶɶҲûС
Ҷ治⣬Ҷ⻰ʱ˸첱Ӵ֣һ֧壬ΪʲôǷʲô峤𣿡
ҶڶҲˣ˴£ܵͷ֮ĺֱ壬ɾصˣֱԸᲢˣ̨£ʱһƬž
ɽҲһͷˮҿģҶᣬأ
峤㵹˵ѽǲģҶɣ׷ʲôҶ
ʱ峤ҶҲסˣ͵վҪʱԵĴҶƽͻش˸ˡ
ޣ峤ҺͿ˸˵ˣҶӵ죬泤˵ҶԳʩֱ֣ɥĲԣҸλϺϼƳôһۣҪ㿴أû뵽Ҷ⺢ӿֱĿ죬˵ˡ
̨ϵϲмƲƲ죬Ҷ泤̨ϵҶɶأңҶ־µԭ˭֪
һƹ˽
峤Ҷɫһһͻһһٵ˵˵£Ƕϼƺˣ
Ϻϼƺˣ񻹴֮ͥ˵ǻҪ峤ʲô
峤ҶҪıԵʱ򣬴Ҷƽͻ촽ᶯ峤ˮڵĳ˵ˣֻҪҩȱõ֮ڣƶͻƵ龳
˰Ҷҵһ龳
һ仰һشһ峤ҶͷҪŭ˲ɢȥˡ
ǰ˰
ҶҪһ龳壬˿ϣȫҶϡ
һй峤Ҷλĵ˵Ρ
̨µҶȴ͵ˣɫɷɷ׵ģ漴üᶨޱȡ
Ҷһ֧ҲǵΪҶľѪҳԣ˭ҽһ֧λҾǰҶһָն˵
ԱϣҶͻתķƽɽͳķǰ˺ʱܿ
ҶܣʹߣڳͷҶͷأ޺
һԭɱ۶Ҷȴˣû뵽׵̬ȾȻ˸Ӳһ͵ĸףӦȻ˼ҡ
ԭҶ뷨Ҷ壬ҲգǸ׵ķӦȫҶϡ
Ҳһ˶ĹҶһһɡ
һ鲻һҶԲῴϵʹ˱˶գ
ȻҶļƻҪıˣ
ɣҶҶɣ½ɣ
Ҷһɫ˵λ壬ܴ衣
ңӵʵˣ
ҶһԣҶɵľܡ
ˢ
ε䣬ֻǰһҶͳ̨ϡ
̨ϣ峤ҶͫһҶ̨һܲ򵥰ٶȣ
Ҷ̨ҶȴŶ̨֣һֵҶλ岮ֵܣǰ屻Ҷ˾֫ұۼ⣬սᣬҶƣҪһ
ҶƣʵӦңûצӣҪȻڴľͲˣӦТˣ˭ҳҵצӣҾҪҶָҶƱɫ˵
Ҷһ仰ȴǶҶ˵ġϳҪ
ҶʱˣҶҲһ£û뵽ֳ£Ҷ滹˵ּŵĻ
̨ϵ峤Ҷ졢Ҷƽ˵üëһҶ⻰ʵ̫Ϊˡ
ϴʱֻʣµһĿЦ̨ϵˣһһţһһ
ôĿҶ棬Ҫ㣬ھԲٴţȫˡҶƺԼɱ⣬һ֡
ɣҶ棡
ȵȣ
ҶƱһҪֵʱҶͻؽһʱҶͣ֡
ôˣҶ棬Ҹ㣬ˣҲøһ첲
ҶЩ޹ʼ磬Ҷƣʵ˵㲢ҵĶ֣Ҫˣһϰɣ鷳
ҶһָȫдսǺȵǣһɣ


57 
ǣһɡ
仰һҶεģܶ˵һ뷨ȥҶԴǲպͿˡ
˵ҶˮڵŵӣԪΪҶ֮£ѪصҶӵܣλģȫѪҵġ
ҶҪսȫΪҶ˭
ģ̨ºսһʮλҶ꣬Ҳһ߬ȭͷЩˣҧÿԿ죬޲ôʱͳȥѵҶһ١
ģ̫Сˣ
ΪǿҶΪڵŵҲµӣΪǲ硣
ҶƵһſ˲رͨͨġ
֮
ôĸ֣ȭһˮӰӰҶ档
ȭһҶһˡ
ˮư
Ҷ⺢ӾȻõˮƣǻ򣬱֮ɽ绹Ҫѷϼɡ˵ҶˮƣǹɽˮƣҶҲ׾٣ʵӲӲ֣˵֪ˮƵ¡
Ҷƣ治Ҷ֣ҶѾʼҶˣһöš
ϻ˵
ðɣΪ˲ñ˵۸㣬Ҿаɣ
˭ҪãҶƳ׵ıҶ漤ŭˣԪӰˮˣҶ档
һ֣ҶƾͶˮеɱУͼٶȽⳡս
˵оУ
ҶĻδ䣬ӰһΣʧҶƵǰҶ˲סˣûˣ
̨ϣ峤Ҷ졢ҶƽȴǾⱬ䣬ǴҶƽǱҶһθ
ҶһΣ̫ˣյʱ̫ˡ
׼ҶӰеһת˲ŵĿ϶ɲǼ˳ȥһ֣ҶƽԼҲ
һУ
ҶʱҲ˵Ҷڵغˣøƨһ㣬һתҶ˻һ˫Ԫת۳һԪУĻҶ档
ˮɱСˮɱ
һΣҶȴû˿ܵ˼ԪٽɲǣƮƮһָ
ۣ
ҶĳǸԪУһѻľһ㣬Ҷһָ֧飬ңҶһָѹûжöԪ
ڶУ
ҶƵһڵرɫУȴ͸һ˿ǰδеءҶȥԪеһָ˲ȴ
Ҷһָǡõ㵽Ԫеתڵϡ
Ҷǳĸ
һҶ˫ǧһ㣬ϽʯĲһƵʣҶ档
Ǹоһͷһ㣬ƫƫɽ޷ܵͷ
Ҷϵãˮʵ٣ӲӲһСˮɽ
ûˮؼ֮ǰҶҪӲӲƵһУһˮɽҶУ
У
ɲǣҶȴҲûֻ΢̧ƣԪ²бָҶƵСﴦ΢΢ơ
ȴҶƴһɽ˰ҶˮɽһգִټУһˮӭҶбָСơ
ΪҶƺǲУҶܴӰеΨһֱϮСҪ֮
ѱϣҪˣͻأҶϺһ
Ϻȣ̨µˣˣǰǰӻ޷޲ƽҶ̫Сǵǣľˡ
ĿżһҶƣȻҶϷˣͯһùУҪǣҶˣУÿһУǶޱǾԽӲġ
ǣÿһΣҶ涼ɵģϷһһУֱˡ
̨ϣ峤λϣɽڣһ𾪣ڣǾãҶǰĻ˵ˡ
峤Ҷ춢ҶĿ⣬ѾʼŹˡ
Ҳ𾪵һɲǣ̨ϣһӰطУ˼Ѫ
ƶҶƽ
̨ϣҶ治˵վһڣ˵㲻ҵĶֵģһϣƫ
ؿڰһȭҶҶֹƵһѪûе
ʵҲҶ̫ˣΪҶ滹Ҫߵ㣬ҲԪľȱȲҶ棬ֻҪ»һȭ޷սʤҶ棬ҲܵŰġ
Ҫ֪һȭҶˣûжñ
ҪȻҶѾʬˡ
ҶʤҶͷҲ߼аɣҶһҶʤҶ
ոزȥѪҶһӰһãٴʩչˮƣҶ档
ͬʱҶʤҶ˵Ķͬʱһȣϣ
̨ϣҶƽǲᶯһ¡
ɲǼ䣬˵ľУ̨ҶʤҶŭһԾ̨ҶƣҶ档
սһ
ϧǣҶһõĻˮƣ
ųҶʤҶֵܣҶһһߣһţͽҶߵõ˳ȥ
ͬʱҶεһҶʤҶֵܡ
ҶʤҶ¶֮ɫǱܵķһȭһҶ棡
ǵٵÿԪҶ洿ÿµԪǰ۵

ҶеĳҶһָɣȻһȭӭҶʤһȭ
飡
ȭ޻ɵײһҶʤұۣһֹģ
꣡
Ҷʤұۣ黨һŤ۵ҶʤĲҺ
˵ǲҥһŽҶʤȵڵأҶ
Ҷ棬ſֵܣ
󣬴ҶƵŭҶշӥһ㣬צ㣬һóһʮԪצӰϮҶ档
һΣҶȴѧˣһ׷ӥʮԸҶɡ
ģ
ЦһҶ˫һչһԪʱޱıൽīԪ˲ϢͲȭͷһɲǣҶڵһȭͷϲɫ棬ӭҶơ
ױ죡

ԪйɲǣҶ˼Ϣ
ԪҶҲԪˣһĻ峤Ҷ쾪ϲĪ
ţԪ
ҶУмʶģʱһƬ
飡
Ҷȭͷɫ֮ҶƵԪצӰ飬ֻȭϵԪݺݵײһ
ҶƵĴɫԪʱҶɫԪڵҶϣҶƲҽһξʹӰе䡣
һΣҶȴûзŹҶƵĴ㣬ҪܣܵԶ
ڿһתһŤҶ˫žҶƣҪʵˣҶƲҲʵ
ͬʱĶսĴҶƽŭһӸҶξʹӿ̨ԾŨŨԪ⻪Ҷ档
úã
Ҷ۾͵صԲ˫ŸΪȣҶһԪٴγ־ֱϮĴҶƽ
ױ̽ɽ

ԭֻҪӵĴҶƽҶӭһһȭϢ̽ԪصΪӵ˼£
ҶСģͬʱ峤Ҷ
𣿡
Ҷ¶һ˿ЦȭӰ͵һĹɲ
ȭӵɲǣҶױȭ͵һ
ױȭ
ױȭ粽ȭıһ𣬿ɲһһڶô򵥵飡
أ
Ҷƽֻһɸƥڵɲǣ˲Ϣ䣬ͽֵľء
ۣ
ҶƽεȥɲǣһѪ͵ؿ
ʱҶûһ㣬˵ϣصɲǣ˳һŲҶʤؿڣ


58 ֮ʿ
ѻȸ
Ҷֳѻȸ
ΨһʣµģǺĴˡ
ҶˡҶɣ̨⼸λϣ峤Ҷɽɵˡ
ҶֱӸ㶨ҶʤҶֵܣû̫⡣
ҶǰϷˣҶƣԪʵ滪ĻҶƣǼΪȣһԽܵķΧ֮ڣǳԾԾ㡣
ǣҶһȭܴҶƽҶƽҶѪ𾪵޷ˡ
ֱ񰡣
ҶƽΪ峤Ҷ֮µһˣʮΪۺҶ֮У˸棡
ȴҶһȭܡ
벻ɵ۶ѣ
ȵ𾪹峤Ҷȴǿϲ
ҶܹɻҶƣȭܴϣҶ仹ҶСһֻ꣬˵һ£Ҷ˲õţҶƻҪŵţ
ص棬ϵһһһ죬ǵѪֱ²̨ĸоȻһСڻˣż͵Ϯɡ
ֱžž죡
ٿӣΨҶãҶʤһ첲Ť黨ΣԺ֪ܲܺá
ҶҲҶѪ⻹صģصģҶ֮ͥϷŪҰҶƣҶɵϵľ޴˺
ήڵأĽͷ˫֮ҶƣҶƽף츳ӣǷˡҪ߲ҶӰһӣͷˡ
ԸϵҶ־Ҷƽŭ֮ʣֱ߳ŭ
ţţҶϣ淸ϣкˣҸϳȥϳҶ壬˵λҲӳȥȫӳȥ
ˣҶƽѾ׵ķˡ
λϡҡͷˣ̫ˣ̫ûػˡ
Ҷ涼ֳʵ˵ʵϵ޿пһ壬ҲὫҶ塣
ɵҵĻ𣿡Ҷƽָļŭ𣬿죬ҶϸҸϳȥϳȥ
峤ҶɫһҪڵʱ⣬ͻһȡ
ۣҶô磬ȻҪ̫Ҫν֮ʿϳ壡٣ŵӵĵذһҲܸϳ壬Ҷ壬ţ
̫شˣɽͻվҴҵӭȥ峤Ҷһ㣬ڶӭȥ
ش˼٣˲õĴ£Ǹո˼Ҷ죬ȴɵˡ
Ҷڵذһ
źӭһƬˣĴҶɵˡڵذһҶڵذһ
Ҷ棬ڵذһģ仰峤Ҷʵ÷ѡϢ֮ۿҶܴϻҪ𺳡
ڵذҶ峣еУ֪ܲذһļֵλ
ǣҶ˵ͷ
ҶѾ𾪵ľˡ
ԭΪӴ𾪹ˣһһεķ֣Ӵ𾪣Ǳɽһǡ
Ҷˣٴɵˣ
ذһ
ڴ˵еĵذһȻҶҰ
˸ȥҶǵذһǰҶذڶ£ƨ£
ҶʤҶǾҥԣӦ峤ҶҶʤҶֵŭ
쵰ǵʲôҶǵذһΪʲôңһ£ܴĴҶƽҲŭˣȥһӣĻᶼûǵġ
һ㣬ȴԩҶʤҶֵˣΪǻʱҶ滹治ǵذһ
Ϳ
ŭһҶԽһƬӭ̫شˣҶҲûй򣬾ֱӭȥ
½Ǻˮ߶ĴԪĴڣԼٲݡ
̫شˣˣˣôὫҶ֮ʿϳȥصء峤Ҷ켱æ˵
ղŵĻѵ̫شˣξƽҶ棬ҹֵܣû뵽Ҷ壬Ȼ˶Դ
һ⻰峤ҶϵĺӾ͹䰲ͷȻΪҶˡ
ƹµĿξƽȻڳҶйĹϵ찡Ҷһѣεĸо
Ҷǵذһпͷ£ֻҪһҶƽʮҲҶô
ڣһʱȫˣ
̨ϵĴҶƽֱɵˣ
ԭΪҶǸһŲƣ֣ƺףЩǿ׳ٺҶǿ׳ĵףȻԴ
ڣҶƽ֣ˣҶ治һſԲƣǣ
ǵһλϣںΪЩ̼ںҶǿһڡ
˺׵ˣϣ䰲̫һ仰;˴Ҷƽˡ
ԣҶƽһûһͷԵ
ԭºͿһЩ峤ҶҲôЩеȨǿشһڣ군ˡ
ΪѾ˿شˣĳҶˣ
Ҷ棬Ϲضξй̫ش֮ʿ֮ţƾ˺ţһи˰۾Կ
˵̫شǿһ䣬ǸӵҶңҶ壬𣿡һ仰ȴǶԽ˵ġ
ڶҶԣȴޱȣеˣʹĺ˴ϡ
ûôһ֮ʿĳƺŴҶܸҶմٹⰡ
ڣȫûˡ
ǿش˵Ҷ˵棬Ҷ淢ǧӵɱ͡ǧӣҶ沢̫⣬мҶˣ۾
ǧöʮ궼׬ǧӣҶɵľ׬ˡ
˸ᣬҶ붼ξƽԽһ²ףԭش˵Ҷնɱ˹ɽ磬Ҷڵĵذһʱ򣬾ԸϵҶ壬Ҷ淢½ͣ˽쿤ش˳ֵһĻ
˿ش˵ݰ٣Ҷⳡᣬеĸ¡أ¾С
ǾҶǰһսûκǰҶֲ꣬תۼ䣬ѾҶ֮
һʱ䣬ҶʹҶƣһż
ģҶõһǴҶƽѾ˼ΪԼҶ׼һƿ浤ҲҶĿڴΪҶΪһѾΪԪ˭Ҳ浤ࡣ
п뿤ξƽڣҶеޱ˳ҶҶɸҶҵĵλҲ˷츲صı仯
֮峤ֱӿãҶҪ
ҶҶƽΪ˻ӹٲһְջйϽĸȨ
ҶƽλãҶ֮Ҷɶ棡


59 ˫˫ͻ
࣡
ҹҶһ̷浤֮ٴα۾
浤İҩɢɲǣһԪתͬˮһҶĵ
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һ˿浤ҩȫĻΪԪ뵤ɲǣеԪһãͻ˼֡
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죬ùˣҲǺˮˣǰɴľ֮ôˣ
ǣûһ֮߳ģǰɴµģ˵ļˡ˻ǣᾹȻɴļˣǵ˻ǹʺ
ȣһְΧլŵˮڵӻӣЩˣĵͷ˱ȴ߳ŭˡ
ϻ࣬ǼϣɱСӣǼϷ뿪һ롯˵ȴǼء
˱һŭȣˮڵӰϮҶ棬ˮھƿҶ棬ȥץɼ
Ҷ漲ڶˮڵӵĽϮ֮·˫۷Ŀˮڵǣɣ
ΪӢ۵ļˣȻȺ˳̶ȣˮڵЩһֱԡ
Ԫ֮ʣˮڵĵӾҶսһš
ˮڵĵӣȴǰѲҪĶ࣬ȻӵԪΪһΧȥͽҶΧæҡ
һ̣Ҷףɴ龳ΪȥʮλͬΪ龳ĴڡһʮλԶ龳Ļ龳ڣǶôļѡ
ôһѿµĴڵͬʱҪնɱսǶôĲ˼顣
ɴϵʲôܣնǿʮٱĴڣ
ͷҶԺһɲǣҶŭһԪĵһ㼫ĻܲҶ
ֵɲǣҶεһȭӰĳԼһˮڵӺױȭ
žž
ˮڵӵӡݺݵӡҶĺ󱳣Ҷ󱳴Ļʱͬˮһ㲨
СģɲǣԶս˱ɫһ䣬һ
Σͬһʱ䷢ġ
Ҳ˱ɲǣҶױȭصĺһˮڵӵؿڡ
ˮڵʶΣٵһɲǼ佫ܲԪ˫ֽؿڣǣµ
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ѪȵһĻȴˮڵĵӾˣͲЩ͡
һ˲ĳͣ;ǵд󲿷˵ˣοЩ˴ʱõģҶָƵˮơ
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ģȴǴ粽ȭ
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գ۵ĹΧҶľˮڵĵӾøոռ˱ˣ⼸λɶˮڵŵˡ
һŭȣצӰͬ쳤һϮҶ档
˱һϮͱƵҶ治òնɱһˮڵӣһΣһױȭصӭϡ
飡
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צӰҶȭӡݺݵײһرһŴĿ⻪Ҷ˱һ֡
򣬾겻ǴӹŹתһȦˮڵӣæ˿
Ԫأһ˵棬Ҷ෢ǵȭ棬ЩԾ
һȭϿƽɫǰҶ滹ǳ˵ԷԪ˾ڡ
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ҶɼĿĶųڣǰҶʱϷ˼Ķվˣᣬϸֲ֮ɫ
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ҶԾģ˱԰һЦ˸㣬һУֻҵʵ
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ҶԪָӲ˱Ļߴ磬ͺľɢȥ
ֵԪָн˱ĻУұ۰ͷͱһ룬ֱӼͷ
Ƭұ۵ϵɲǣ˱˫͵һ٣ξͬڵһҶսȦֱӳ嵽ɼҴԺſڡ
ϣϣɫɷ쳣˱Ŀ
ӣ˱
Ҷһһߵݣ׷˱Ҳֱ˿̣ԺڵڶˮڵӲŷӦ׷׶Ҷ档
ҶԪָʩչֵ¼һ֮УͣˮڵӵԴϰա
ոһ˿Ϣ˱󺧣ȥ
뿪ɲǣش˱зɳֱʡ
ͬʱոմзӦϷһлҶ棬ͨһͳҶˡ


64 ɴĴ
Ҷ㿴ɴķϣȾҵŮɣҶ泤Ϸ˵
Źͷ׵ϷˣҶͷɵһᣬɴǺεȵĸӢۣĸȴҪΪˮڵԵʸԼ¹򣬲ɵú޼ˮڡ
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ûϢӰˮڳֱɽǡ


65 Ѫ·
ͻţǾţƽɽǣʱһҵСӵĴϵرɢƽա
ҶɣɽǵĴϷɳۡ
һӣ
Ҷֻһӵʱ䡣
һ֮ɽǵǧ߾ͻϳͷҶɲΪģܹǧǰӳ죬ֻߣܹ˵ǧ
ɽǱǱ߳ǣеĽֵȫܹܰƥȻʱ˻ҵģҲҶɡ
ֵϣͣſѲεˮڵϮҶ档
ӹɽҶͿʼˮû˺øУڣҶˮڣ˵Ѿǳӵ˼㡣
ּ䣬顣
Ԫָֻȭңб
ЩˮڵӳεĿѲѪصĵӣżԪһصĴڣҲҶһ֮С
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Ϣ֮ҶڿɽǸߴʮɵıš
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Ҷ棬ѹأӲģԹԵɣ˱ֱ¥ϣͬʱֵģдˮڵӡ
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ԾµҶһźݲȵ˱ʬϣһƽأصɲǣҶٴγ˫΢֮ʣҶͬʱڵء
Ϣ֮ҶϷԶɳ۶ȥ
Ҳһ̣¡¡ŲУǧ¼׾īı߾ѹѹĳɽǵĳǽ


66 ɽ֮
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ҶӰʧаʱ֮ӰסƫڻҰҴܵҶ
ˤˣӦþҶ̩˵
ߣСӵǴ֪Сһͷ˼
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ʱ˽̩뷨ܣɽɽǽȥΣأԪصĽȥǲ𣿡
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λʦܣֻ龳Ϊٶʦʹ׷ɱҶ棬ʦܣɽɽ·׷ѰҶټ
ңʹ·׷ѰвӦǵ˭ǷСҶ٣ֻǿУͷȷѶ̼ܸϵ
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67 ·
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СͲʧΪпˮڵǧ׷ɱ״̬Ҷ⡣
ǣӣ߻Ҫ
Ȱ˵Ч֮ҶҲƢ
ȲΣӣ֪ˣжʹ
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ĶˣǺˮˣңڡ
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ԭǰҶ滹𿾳ԵģԴǰһڲͣɽɽϵͿѲӰ֮ҶҲˡ
ĸҲǳޣҶֻܳ
أСЩֽҶոյݹȥĸݵҶǰ壬Ҳԣ
Ҷһ㣬һ˿ѵһᣬôõСˮﹷָġ
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һŰľ֥Ϊһأһ¿ޣҵΪԪأɲźһء
һʱ֮Ҷ滺۾¶һ˿ʧһĻҪǽڵŵӿҪˡ
Ѫ츳еȵĵӣΪԪÿһΪҪһꡢĻ۲ͻơ
ҶΪոͻƵԪذ²ٴͻƣ
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ʧҶո۾Լɲǣ۾صɴĿþ


68 Ҳһʹ
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Ҷ澪ķ֣Լ壬ȻΡ
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СԻûסһ׵ĻӰǸҶͱȴԻûʮףһ׵ĻӰ
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Ԫָ谭Ĵ̩̽ؿڡ
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Ϳһˡ


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ʱı׷ɱҶ漲ٵĳɳš

ɽɽУɻľѪζһŨҵѪζɢģпһѡ
ҶС뿪ʱ֮󣬳Ӱش·׷Ѱ޹ȴ˽̩ʾѶͼϹ˹
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⽣ӿ·ݻһ㽫ԲڵĲնϣЩڿʳ̩ʬϲдѪĵͽޣǱг⣡
ȻѪǰ޽̩ʬгһѹͷǣƾֳ˿켣жϳ̩֮֡
Ҷ棬Ҫһ׽㣬һҪң
ߣ̩˽ӽʱǿ϶ܲԶģ
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Զǧ֮⣬ھ޵ˮų̫ƽһ۾
ʱһųϼҴҵǰ
ţڵ׼洫ӽ̩飬Ѿ䡭
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̩ˣվˮų̫ƽϣӿֳʹϧ֮飬һ׼洫ӵ䣬˵ˮڣڣǼʧ


70 ħ
Ҷ磬㿴ǸӰֿʼˡ
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ȻҶҪħ׷ɱߣʵϣҶһԪصĴڣȻ龳ڲĵؽƷޣδ
һСģҶԷ١
ûӽȥȰԼȥ
Ҷ⵱еΣգͷһ𣬾ͲƵҲҶĿǰΨһܹ˳Ļᣬ˵ܺݺݵĳһڶ
ǣ⵱еѶȣҲͬѰ
Ҷǰɽ֮
Ȼ뷨ҶʱϸѰ˼ǽС°õһΪεУҶŻ̤ħأһһͣһһ
ЩʱɽЩСǵܴҶҪϢ
磬Сߵ̸Ҷ˵һ¡ħصľˡκηҴħգǿħᲪȻŭʱ
ⷽԲʮأ١
ڵȨħͿúܵˣȥܡЩСߣһЩͽ׵޳ڴˣħǣȻ˵ͻħʳ
˵طΧڵЩͽޣħΪʳ
żΪǿܹħев޴ħʱħŻặȻ
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ЩС޿УҶҲħĳѨɽ·һѨ
ˣҶôħˮڵ׷ɱһأ
仰˵νܹˮڵ׷ɱ׷ٵǸ׹͵ħأ


71 
ɽһ涸ɽķ嶥Ĵ¶飬ɢɽӲݣ¶˷ڲݴеӰ
ӰҲֻ¶һ˲䣬ХӲٴθǹ˲佫ٴڲصӰ١
żֻвݴеԴԶһµʱ򣬲ܷﻹŻ
ӰҶС¡
ҶС⴦涸ɽ壬Ǳڷ嶥Ѿһҹˡ
嶥·ʮ״һ͹ѳһֻ峤ﵽʮףչǳ׵ħ۾
Ҷ̽ͷȥܿħͷ
¶ˮХڲݴСɫס
磬ҶСһһľǱɽ⣬Ǳ˰һҹĹˣħȴѶûŲѹҶ˿Ļᡣ
С£ܳŵסҪ뿪Ҷ濴׵С£Щġ
С¾ǿҡҡͷ˸ų޵ĹâֻҪܱˮڣͦס
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˵ЧҶСٴνٻ䣬÷飬ɢǿζٻ֭ҺĨСµϡ
ٻζǿңЧڸҶСµζԷħע⡣ҶĶΪᣬΪвпܳΪħʳ
磬绹û
ͻأСµ۾һһҶ漲תͷɽǰ
߿
ƳյɲǣѳһֱƷħسչ׵˫ҶСµͷʱӲ
һɲǣһħӴӰʧ
һߣɽɽһħʱʤĺһצϣһͷ˽Ʒ޼ڲͣ
ħʤĺҶ棬͵̽£úĿݲݰõɫ׹ʹħѳ
꣡
Ҷ濴ɫ׹׼ȷħѳľԴӲݽԼ
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˿ħû˿ı仯ȴð￪ĳ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ߣˣҵǵټˣ߬һ׷ƣ淭һ˿ĺ⣬һȻ
Աһ·򣬳ʱҶڵĵط
ųļٷУ׷ϵĺԽԽʢϵϲɫҲԽԽʢ
ˮƵ׷ƣӽĿﷶΧ֮ڣͻԳһƼĺ⣬Խ׷ϵĺԽ
Ҷ棬ţҺʦܣһὫܣȻڽʦǰҡһȻ
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Ҷ濴ǸСڵɲǣɽѳڽʳħͻһ絶ӥĿسԶ
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ͨһУħ˵Ŀֲ⣬ͣʩչɱУħ뿪
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ҫĿĻȫٴ˸һһ񣬾ƴս
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һʼżҸС£ħԴ󷢣ĴʮΣϵ˺ԽԽࡣ
˵һС£Լܻܲ뿪⣬ħױԲǶ֡
Ҫǣħٶȼֱ쵽˼㣬ӶӲ
ҹ
ݣ
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Ѫҫ£·߲ϼһ㣬ҫ쳣
˻
λδأħһһţһһצĲƴɱ
һԴ󷢣һΪ˱ƴùսҶզ಻ѣ̫ˣ̫ˡֱѪ
Ҷ˳ļָͷɳȥħֱ̳ȥ

ͻأһ쳣ĲҽҶ͵һ
УħצӹצľȻûнͷȴһӸ˳ֱӽһڳѪ
Ҹƴˣ
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˲Ϣ䣬еĽ⻪һ˲˼£УһС̫һ㡣
飡
ڹսҶͻؾ


72 ̵
½Ʒףǳļ򵥣֪ΪȽס
ǷϷΪϡСĸƷףͬȽ׵֮䣬ûκοɱԡͬһȽ׵ƷʲͬҲ
磬Ϊ似ͬߣһӵƷһûУӵƷ˱ʤ
ҶϵĻӰףȻˮ𲻽ˣɣڷУǿһƷ
ǼƷڱǰҲǲһ
Ԫ۷ֻ龳ĴڣȫӳʵԪ۷龳ĴڣӵһƷ
̫ˣҪĵرƣƵַΪӣɹĵ͡
һƷ֣ʵܹϣңӱʼͿô⵽µԪֻӵӦ֡
ʱ㹻ʮʮһһ㣬ʩչʱܹʩչһͬھɱС飡
˲䱬ܱһ˺
ġսǱ顣
ŴսĹ⻪Ҷüͷٴⱦ飬ͬھѵҪħͬھ
ǰˣܹӵбˮеĵλ϶Ͱ
УŭɲǣսرһţǧʯĹ⻪ԴսΪģɢͷ·ŭ̫һ㡣
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ͬʱѾѪ˺۵ĳ㷭һƣһر
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ͬھ
Ц
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ΪǬѪݷĵǱѪһڱѪĳޣһĵ̿Բ
һڱѪ֮ǰѾܵˣһѾ԰ֽ
ǬѪݷѪ֮ǰ޺޵Сɽͷһۡ
һóһüһѪ̲סֿ˳
ΪҶ棡
ҶվСµԣЦʵĿ

ѪУһŭ𡪡мˣǱҶϷŪˡ
еĲֹһΡ
ԭǰСͻȻվҲ
ñǼԸĳŭģѪֹסĿǬѪݷһɫ
Ҷ棬֮꣬ұɱ㣡
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ŭĺУǬѪݷʧԶ
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䣡
ħҵ˵ϣҳһӣӿѪʱһѪӡ
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ıԲƷ٣ҲƷƷ
һӵƷƷļһˮڵݣжߣ
ͷܿͱҶӵԶԶģ˾ǵˣӣֻҪлᣬҶҲҪȼš
Ҷڹĵһ£ҪҪ̰һأ
޵ƷֻҪﵽ˵ؽףһĻ۳ƷԽߣʵԽǿ۳ĿԾԽǿ
ǿǺñһЩضĵҩֱӵΪӣҲǷǳֵǮ
ڣһŵؽƷͿԶһһŹ׵㣬ֵʮӡ
ħħеߣŵؽƷƷףĿԿǷǳġ
Ҷ涯ĵǣʱħ岻ͣĳ鴤ţÿ鴤һ£ļٸѪоͻһѪۼų٣Ͼûˡ
Сģģ
һģҶ˾
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κζħҶϲ
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̵ְҶ˵ֱЦ
һҶֱԾħľȡһУ˳ħ˿ͱ˽ȥȫħ
ͱħԲɲǣħһһ˫ʵӥۣ׵ʧȥ˹ʡ
ͬʱҶؿڴ鶸һ


73 ˮ
ͬϴһ㣬һǿ쳣֮鴫ǿɨҶһ㣬ĳոȥħһС
Ѫ⡢衢ѪڲдںĳҶ֪˲۳һҶӿ
Ҷ壬ֻһͨյ㣬ؿһؿռ䣬ǣǽһͨҶ涼Щܲס
ӿҶڵĵһʱ䣬Ҷľʱͬһ㣬͹ˣǱĸ󡣬ʱǴһȦ
ȵͣҶʱֳѪ㣬ҶһѪˡ
֮ʣҶһΣȴ˾飬ӿڵɲǣʱڵأתһԪ
һԪһǰδеٶתţھнĦ÷ʹ̣ٵųȫڱ
Ϊͬһʱ̣ĵһؿռҲһ޵׺ڶһ㣬ųħ
ҶΪڷš
ǰУҶ̷浤ԪӣҲµˮһ㣬ʮϢһԪ
ڣҶһԪԪȴССϪһӿҶĵҶΪ쭷ͽ
Ҳħ޵Ƚ̫ߣΪ֮һɵĻӰ֪ǿ˶ٱҲҶ̫ͨСˣ޷һ̫ͨ
һħȴûһӰǰֻһ˲Ŀ״ֹ̬ĳȥ
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ΪУҶһԪں£ɹͻ˵ء

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ʱҶ⣬һ
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ѲɣֻбɱðԼնɱ飿
ҡҡͷҶЩƲ⣬˼Ӱħ֮пܵĹ
ͻأҶһ

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ֻҪμŴȣҶͿ˳ĽΪŵӣܸԴ
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74 ݣ˭ᣡ
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ȻҪ·ֱӸɵҲʲô˵£˵꣬ηɰƵ´ųĿ⣬ƺڿǴɵʡ
һ˲ĺˡ
ͨʲô֤ʲôǳʮ龳ĴڿһԣܹҪС
ˮڵĳʯͷ亹Ѿʦ㣬д⺢һƽϣ⺢ҲǿֱĿѣ
ٴξˣѾϰʮʯϣȻǰʮҵŮΪʦ㣬Ӳû
ߣηɰһģҿԷһ˭Ҷһηɰȵ
⡭
ߣ
ɽϳҶͨǷǹۣʱ򽻸͢͢ηɰһߣʯæ˳ŵ
һգηɰһתŰͷ󲽳ţߣˣ˭ܲ᣿˭ָҸȣ
ʲô׼洫̩ܱһŵҶɵ޿ɾҩ
ڳˣˮڵˣһ亹ǽŮɵưһ仰ͷ
ǳĴ
ȡʯϣҶ£ɣʱгۣ͢Ź澭ɫЩŹ֡
Ǿɡ
ʯһĿɬû취˭Ůħͷءһŵĳ۵ʱɴ󣬾ˣ
һֻ۾˭ȥ
ҲǴˣ¾˳ʯĻûз
ţϴڽϼ֮꣬꣬Ϸٴδűžǰڽд裬֪Ÿǲңˮڵʯ˵
ߣкβңŹ澭һĲģˮڵһÿ⸱ģ
ǰҲڵĴˮڵʮŵǰɱ仨ˮһΣˣڵͷλ
ǾͺãˣţϷ˴Σصشˮʮӣصʮд衣ʯ˵
˴ƴŵӰ
Ź澭һ£ǺԥĴӦˣôȻˮͷƣǲһ㡣
ûŵƴһΣŵӴһŵǱʵһΣɼŵӾָ¡
澭ӦˮڵʯΪ˷ܡ
ǺǣãǾɣ
ʱҪƵ֮󡣡ʯ˵
Ϊʲô
ǰɳ̫ƽţص˴ǰۿһȵɴȡ棬г̾ҪһЩ
˵ʯϺǺһЦȻҲΪ˵ҶǼ¡
ޡ
Ź澭һӹһ˿ɫһΣˮб


75 ľ
ŵС졢СµĲԺת֮󣬳ڰȫǣҶʹС̤˻֮·
СûеڣˮڵĶûй֮֮ǰˮڶпܽɱСҶ棬ɱڡ
ڻص֮ǰҶԲҵġ
ʱĵ·ҶǳСµ壬ǿĹɫѾ԰ֽ
С£㻹ܳŵס𣿡˴֮Ҷʵ
Сҧŷ׵촽ĵ˵ͷҶüѣǻϢһᣬٸЩԪ
ҶҪôС²԰׵ظһ˿Ρ
ΪûΪҶԪǿֻô֣ÿһͽȥټϸһԪ⵱УⲻһЩܽӴҶѾС¶Ԫüˡ
أ
ҶСʱ򣬼ٵƿ͵شͷҶ̧ͷɲǣͿһʹͷ
׷
һҶԪʱĵͬʱһЩʹҶĶ䣬Ҷ棬Ҫ£ң
һɲǣһλŲɫȹŮվҶСǰ
ӣ㣿ôˣҶһ
ãҵˡָأһνģ˵Ȼˮڶɱʦˣǿ϶ӳˮڵΧˣҳӦǡ
Ҷһһůηɰνϰǲ
ˮɱʦˣô˵Ҷĵ⡣
ģνˮڵĳʱӦͨһ£ֵ£չһ
λСƯ϶С˰ɣתͷС˵
С¾Ŀһ۲£˭˵СˣҶʮˡ˵꣬Ҷĸ첲øˡ
Ц˼Ҳ⣬ֻǵǻǸϿڰɡ
˵䣬һһӿֱʡ
㻹˵շеٶȣ治Ǹǵģ½ظ·ƣֱ߾룬˵Ҳİ
ٶȱ·ԭ·ֻ̣һҹĹ򣬾͸ϵˣ⻹ǲӴˣٶȴ󽵵¡
ӴҶ淵ŵʱѾõϢڸ߲㣬ľڵȺҶˡ
ȻҶݣһڳɽӭ֮ģȫ´Ҷ滰ء
һε飬Ӱ̫ˡ
ɴڵĵӣӢۣһڵĽ¶ֵˣҲڵĵӣҪǸ㲻ڵĶõĻڿҪд鷳ġ
ֱӽҶС͵´ſڣ´ſڣڵĵš
һˣҶ滹ʶ齣洫
ӴҶС´ճ֣䵽ϣһֱһֲƵҶ档
֮󣬷ӭ£֨һǣôܣƣ۵ˡ
ĩˣҶС»Ųӵĸ첲շʱƣһͳСһ֡
ʵҶ滹Ųӵĸ첲Щζ׷ôˣûܽӴأֱӺȳҶ棬òӾ̫СۣתͺС¡
һȣʱСºȵҶ
Ҷȴŭˡ
ʲôУˣҶ差ŭһ䡣
ҶһȣɫʱѿҶ棬ʲôһСѾͷҺ˾ͺˣ㡭
ɴɴŮҶ˵
Ҫ˵Ļʱɤۡ
һҹһƣĲӣһĿⶢŷֱŷĻңֶ֪ķˡ
ҶһŭѪɱ㡭һּΪ䵭Ŀⶢŷҡҡͷ㲻ٿһۡ
һҹദȴĴ˽˸ࡣ
ʱżˣݺݵĵҶһۣ͵£ⲻǹ۵ģ϶Ĺ˰ɣ¶裬̷ˡ
Էĺ⣬ȴһֶԸ˵ֻҡҡͷ״ҶĿӵ
˸Ȥǲεĳ´ͨǰһŵ֣棬ȥ´
ԭǷ飬ڴˣ͸ıˣӵദĻᡣ
ǣʦ֣
ΪŵӦǰɲǣҶСµ飬ȴǱˣҶ棬˵֣˳˵һ㡣
С£ǲˣҶʵ
Сҧ촽˵ͷҶһسʵǰɣÿɽɴͰӵ񣬶ɵǰɣ
ҶôһʣĿһСµɲǣɫ䡣
ͬʱҶһһɲǣһױȭ͵غ˳ȥ
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飡
⧲֮£ֻǱܵıܹҪͱҶһױȭҪҲ˵ãһҶױȭȻֻǷ˼ͷ
ʲôŭ
Ҹʲôľ㣡
յģԼµĿ£㻹֪𣿡ŭУһеֵҶȴӰΣϣ߽ʩչ¾ͽһ첲ж
飡
汻ҶֱȭڶȴԼԪ۷ΪӲҶĹ
治뷴ûлᰡ
Ҷÿһȭ̺Ϊֲò߶еԪ߶ר˽ƷĻԪ
漫𾪵ǣ˽ƷĻԪ壬ҶÿһȭܺĳԪƲϣֱɢȥǺ޻֮
꣬ǰҶ棬ŵ
ټһ첲жµĿ±ҴĻ֮£濰ֱɱҶ಻Ĺ±
һԣһ漴ŭҶ棬𣿾Ȼҹͬţס֣
ҶȴţֵȭŸɱ档

׹һҲŻѵҶأŭһȻ֣


76 صηɰ
ಣ
һ˸ĲɫƮشӲдܳס˺Ȼķ
£ǣס־ŭ¾ȻΪҶŶ֣
ʦ֣£ҶûͲҪˡ
üͷһ壬ӳζѣڲµ£ֻܸɿš
ǣҶĵطȴڵ´ſڣʼֵɲǣ;´ڶڵĸ߲㡣
֮£ڵŹ澭ŰλһԵĴ´һŵӣȴҶһŵɱҴܣ峤Ϻ뽭ıӣûᡣ
ˣʲôأס֣޹ĺ鳤ϷŭȣΪ棬ĵӡ
ŵһΪŵӣͿʽʦˣȻһ˫ѡ񣬵˼ҿųɡ
鳤һŭȣһηʦһһţ汾᧿Σ¶
ҶһһתֱӾͱĳԪ·һĸϣˢˢˢʮָԪָ˲
ĵһҶɱʢһƾֱʺ
Զ޹ĺ鳤ͫһʱŭϣף
һŭȣһͬƥĺҶ档
Ӵ󼱣Ҷ棬Сģ
вҲƥֱҶ棬һԵķȴһЦȵ£ǸʲôôܶԳϳ֣
˵䣬΢˲һ£һ裬òӵĲһߣʱ差Ŀŭʲô
鳤ϿеĳϣΪɲ⣬ҶҪǰһǣҪǵġ
ɲǼ䣬Ҷ汳ĺֶըָоħʱҪֲǱܵģҶ滻ΪץһļͷĶ
պϲߣһųϣȻ͵Ϯһŵӣ㻹ҪҪ
ĳһĴ鳤Ϻһ
飡
ĶԺ䣬һܲɢȥΪĿҶ棬ȴ
ײһɲǣҶѾɹԾȡ浱ơ

಻ĳನؿڣÿһһѪÿһѪήһ֡
ɢȥ֮Ѿ˪һ㣬ǰѪƵҶ棬ڵ
һĻú鳤ֱѪԼĵӣȻ˵ƣҲҿηɰһҪȻպĵӣҪֻɱˡ
ʱûضˡ
ͬһʱ̣һ΢ɲľŹ澭С
պģΪϲϲҪļһȻһŵӶ֡ٶһԣŲͱ㼸͸
ηɰڵĳָź鳤ϵıӾһͨֱú鳤ͨ죬¡
ɲҪ̫Ҫɱ
Ҿ۸ˣôţܳȥ۸һŵӣ͸۸㣬
һͨĴú鳤ϷŰֱιȥû취Ҳʧ棬ӱòӣ˻˳Ǻݵ˼
ҲǣҶܹɱŹ֡
ˣɰף󳳴ֵģɺͳˣŹ澭ųֹ
Ҷ澪ȵǣηɰƺŶôŹ澭ڵʣ
ҿҵϰʲôݣһĽϰҸųϽа壬Ȼһλųƿ󻹵ôݺѪ̣һţ
һĻҶľȼֱԸӣηɰ׵Ҳӵĺ档
ţҶⷸɱǲкɴ֮ĸΪ´ǰףʵ޿ɡ
պģϹˣɴŮС¾Ϸ˭ɱģηɰǺһ仰ʱ鳤ϵٴͨ졣
Ҷ磬ʱҶС¼ᶨޱȵ˵
鳤һЩĵĵ²ۣҶ´ǰɱͽܣǴ￴İɣͬУпǴ
Ĵ￴ҶҪɱͽܣǾͽܸӦñɱ
ԣڳڶ೤ֱˣҲ̫ԵˣҶɱ˭˭͸Ź澭ʼ鴤ˡ
һ£һųϡҶ桢С¡ηɰ׻Щɱ棬´
´⣬ҶȥһҹĲתߣһȴķ׷һæ£ҽͣΪãΪӣôܹ볤ϡ
ϧİͶԸʱһңɼıӰ
´⣬ֻ·һ˺޺޵ҧгݡ

´ڣŹ澭һвŴҶ֮⣬ȷֱϸҶС¼ϸ̡
£ҶȻ֪޲ԣ޲
Ψһû˵ģҶشɵ̩Ḷ́һԴ֮Щ£ҶҲС˵ǡ
ңҶСḶ́һ˵ȣû̫Ȥ
ȤɼСϡ
Ҷ棬ô˵ˮ˶Դɼ٣رΪɴ֮ɽǵһ⣿
ǻɣС¼̳ɴһЩŹ澭ʵ
û
Ҷ˵ͷˮڵŵӡɽξ˱ҵ棬ԱʹϷ⡣ҲʹϷˡСΣһ㣬ǿС¡
Ҷ棬Ϸ˽Сиʱ򣬾û㽻ЩʲôǰҶɱֵ峤Ϻ뽭Ҷʵ
һڳ˵ĿҶϡ
ڶ೤ϵı£Ҷ滺ᶨҡҡͷûУϷֻ˵ɴɴĹѪ·
һ㣬Ҷû˵ʵҲ˵ʵ
Ҷ治˵ȥһЩ̰ĵĻС£Ǹճǿڣ뻢ڣ
ڵĸ߲㽫ҶС·ֱѯ˴ʱ֮ˡ
ҶСµķֱηɰȴŭˣתߣˮ쵰¶϶۸治ǶȥǵɽţС³ڶ
ɰף
Ź澭Ż˱ŭηɰףɰף£ͬСɣϱ͢ȴۡ͢ȴ͢˹֮˵
һ£Ź澭ֶҶ˵Ҷ棬Ķԣйţպλ֮Ի۹͡
˵Ź澭һǹǹͬУڵĴɣҶ棬浽кζԹΪνվ´ǰʩ֣кͬţŹ澭غʵ


77 ɱ
ʲô棬ɥҲܸɳҶŹ澭Ȼŭ
ɼҹ¶ϵİӶ̰鳤ϣ̳ĺͽܰ
ηɰ׳峤Ϻ뽭һ䳰ȷҶ˴ĴָҶ棬¸ɵúãҲ´ڣҪ֪£һ
˲䣬峤Ϻ뽭ͱɫ
ųϵɫ쳣ѾƷܻڿʧˡ
ţ˴ڿʧˣУȥΪŰɡ·˵
Ҫ˵һɱ˸ɾ
˵䣬һطɳն棬ͬʱǳɫ峤Ϻ뽭зɳһ⣬ηɰ׵Ľ⡣
ţҲֻҶСµһ֮ʣܵͽ˵ɡ峤Ϻ뽭Щʡ
Ҫ𰡣ѡĵӣҪΪڿʧȥΪϳţʱ򣬶뽭
Ǻã棬㻹ʲô˵գŹ澭Ǹ峤Ϻ뽭һӣϾܽ´ųϣУǼзġ
ˡˡȷʵ˴˵ȴ³򣬻ܹᷢ䣬ңҶԣġͷأʹ˵
˵
ţȥǰɽӵʱǡӵļ綨˴֣ۿʧʳĲҾ緢Ӳ֮£óȫס
ǵӵĻʵޣӾͽ˼˸ɼҵİϱߣӱ㣬ȽٸɼͰӵʱ򣬾ͲǮҶ׼ˣ˭롭
˵䣬óһƱʱ򣬾ͷشش޵ʱһĨɫ۽һ
⡭
ţȥȷʵ֣˽ˣӻϼҾȹ֡峤Ϻ뽭ʱһ䡣
ⷬҶüѣ棬ȥ̰īɼҵİпԭǰأǰ̰ī֮νͣ
ǰꣿ
ʹ޵̧ͷһȻǰİӣһֲٵ͸Ϸˣ̰ī֮˵
Ҷŭ棬㻹ҵÿȥӣֻһ£С
㻹Ǳʮˣù𣿡
ûаģϷÿһΣ־ݵģȥһΣҲϷ˵£Ϸ˻ͬġָ췢
棬޳ܣϷѾţȴף
Ź澭ȴüѣתͷС£С£ɿˣ
С¼ᶨĵ˵ͷ˵ʲôʱ򣬻ȴ峤Ϻ뽭شϣǰŶܼôƱ㶼ϲɣ
ϵ壬Ҵܼˡ
С¹ǰ꣬ȥһӣ룬ǲǼǴˣһ档
ţѾˣͽ汾ԻǺܺõģȥΪ˾ֵףŲӣһϷ˵겹ϵģҲ㲻̰ī峤Ϻ뽭ֱӾ͸¶ԡ
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СһСӼң˵Ļż֣ѲɣϷ򻹻˵Ѳɣͽܣȥȷʵ֣ŷµĵҩȥˡ峤Ϻ뽭˵
˵꣬뽭Ŀһɨλ˵鶼ˣǵ˵仰
峤Ϻ뽭һƣλ϶Ϊ¶峤Ϻ뽭׸ϡ
ֻд·һһָ˵ĻҸС¶Ļ棬òҪϷ֪˵ѣҪȻϷȡ
ԣ뽭ٴǳɫϣ⻰ʲô˼
ҲСµĻС£Ҵȥɴǰĵط𣿡ηɰͻس˵
һ⻰СȻͷ
̤´ſڵʱηɰһ٣ػͷҶ棬һ񣡡
ʲô񣿡Ҷɻ
ηɰĿһתֱָлᣬͰĹεļһŪŪˣн
һ仰뽭ɫ䣬峤Ϻ뽭Ŀڶηɰȴﳤȥ
Ū棿
ηɰ׵ĽµҶüͷһ壬ڱ˭Ū쵰
˵ǰÿ궼͸ɼһӣһ͸ɼһӣϷ˸С£Ҳùô࣡
쵰ϷˣС٣˸޶֤
գŹ澭Ǻϡ£ûиʲôʵԵĳͷǸ漸䡣
ͻأһɽ´Ź澭УŹ澭˲λѾ䶷ˮ֮ĴȿҪʼˣҲȥɡ
ڴȣ
Ŵȣ֪£һᡭˣϷһ˰ɡŹ澭ΪͣһͽҶ˲ʧ´С
Ź澭ĻҶй⻪ҶͻȻ뵽һܹ˳ŪĻᣡ
ת˲䣬϶뿪ˣֻ峤Ϻ뽭ĵ档
ž
뽭һƺݺݵ˦ϣֱ˦һŴ
һΣҪٸΪʦ޹飬Ϊʦƨɣñ˶֣Ϸ㣡
ôһĻ⻪һ뽭˲ʧӰ١
Ҷ棬ȫҶ쵰£տ´ڣ˫ȭ߬
Ź澭˵ڴ֮أȴҶϤϵط䶷
Ź澭µҶ棬ϰԵŶµķȥһۿȥɫһ䡣


78 վֱඣ
ذڶҶ棡
Ҷңңһ۴ذɨģ£ڵذϵȻӵһ˵ڶҶЩ⡣
һȻҶˡ鱪
֮ǰҶ䶷ֱ̨ͷҪСĺ鱪
Ҷûڣ鱪ôᵽذһģ
˿ɻոո֣ҶˣһַʽˢذǾǴűȡ֡
Ҷܺ鱪ȡ˵ذڶԶļ̳˺鱪ű߻֡Ҷ뿪֮󣬺鱪ֻҪٴһű䣬øһĻ֣ܹϵذһı
ôҶ棬Ҷᵽذһǰɣ
˲أһΪ̶Ҷ𣬲Ǻ鱪˭
ʱĺ鱪һĴ⣬ȥ棬žŵӣƴϡԪ
Ҷ棬һһȵŴ㶼μӣǲҰ±һܰ
鱪һĵ⣬ϵذһǶýŴȵһĳ̶ֳֳ֤ԽҶ档
ҶԵҡҡͷ鱪ҸоҲ̫˰ɣ
鱪Ҷͬʦֵܴкʱ򣬺鱪ɫͻһ䣬Ŷ߹һߣ¶ϲ֮ɫ
鱪Żޱȵس߹һĿĳһ˿ĵЦݣ΢΢ʦֺãں鱪ʦ֣
鱪һŵӣڽȻ
Ҷüͷǰ鱪ŹţˣԳ⸱ȴҶ泹׵
ȻǣˮڵĳԺ鱪ĿʺãӶûС
ÿֺõĺ鱪ɫǵͨ졣
ú鱪ѿǣû΢΢һתתҶ棬ҶɲǣһֻĿ׹䣬ҧгݵ³֣Ҷ棡
ۺ졣
ɲǼ䣬ƵɱӳӿҶ档
ǣԭ㣬ôû
ҶЦһɳɱҲʬɽѪʹĴڣᱻɱŵ
ôû仰׼ŭˣ³ɺӿͷһرÿĪӿ֮£ʵʵɱʱҶ档
֮ޣɱ֮ó޲ýҶڵ
ǳʵʵɱҶһ˲䣬ĵĪϢʱ˳ó˿
ţҶ֣Իڵһ˲䱻˺Ƭ
ңûЩµϢҲҶ֣ǣеġ
Ц˼ڵĵϣˮڵˣǸҵɱڵĵӣֻһ۵ӣҲڵǿ˺Ƭ
޹غֵֻغ档
ң£ġ
ǼϢһ壬Ϣʱһ漴ȥǣҶĺ⣬ȴǺΡ
һƿ΢ʺõĺ鱪߹ҶʱһҶ棬Ŀ֮ҳʮ
Һڴ
Ҷһ޾壬ҪСˣһμ棬ҾȱһĿһΣҲȱģǡԴ
ߣԲѣ֪ϲ̨ҪǸ̨ˮڵĵӣһ㣡
һߣˮڵʮӼ뿪ֻ𾪵ôľʮŵӡ
ʲôˮ洫ͻȻȱһĿǱҶģ
ȺСǣ˲ؾͱϢˡ
Ҷ˭
ŵһǿҲֻŵһѡ
˭
ˮų̫ƽ֮ӣˮ洫֮һųƺˮһţǼưٳԻһصΪնɱصѪħ㣬ںˮУͷ졣
ǣǰ顣
񣬳ضĿǱҶġҶ޵ҧгݡ
һУ˲͵߸ŵӵ֪
ңҶ滹ԣһμ棬ҪԴ
仰Ҫǰ˭˶ΪЦ
ڣ˭Ц
ҶһĿĳЦĸЦ
վ΢΢վĺ鱪Ҷûɵһתɲǣһĺ鱪ļͷ߳һ鱪վֱඣŶˣ
鱪ܵĴһ飬ͦñֱһɲǣӦĺ鱪߳ŭ˭˵ҸŶˣộ
ҶЦЦһԣڵӴһкֱ߽Ԫ̸
а
̶̵һ˲䣬Ҷ鱪֮䣬С
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ں鱪ʳ¯ŵһذһˣɽϻӳƴѡ
鱪ҲƺܵĿı仯һʱǳɫ

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ɵԪ߰޵ԪţǼֵԪ߼ֱԹԼʱ䣬ʲôҲġ
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һڵŵ˲Ҫ䶷̨ɲǣȴɭɭ˻ŵӶ̨㻹ҪҪҪҪˮ洫߼У
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ɫǵͨŵηŭһ̨
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ӥСһ㣬Ƴĳ˲ض
Ҷ֣ȴûţĲƴĿϵѪ

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Ҷȴǲܣӿһ㻤Ƴһš
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82 ֮ŭ
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ηɰ뿪ǰҶһ񡪡һɵ档
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85 Ǭʯ
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86 ŵӵĸ
Ҷ棬Ժ壬Զӭ㣡
Ҫ뿪Ҷ棬ĹִܷһЦݣҶոճΪŵʱųر
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ĩˣֲһ䣬°ŽŮԭźŮѾҽˡ
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ֹǻɰ磬ΪȹδߣһСұģŵֵĺù
ۣŮҶҵԺһŮʮģûа񱼶ĽԪδȵˡ
˵䣬ԪξͿϵĽԪȲĳԺڳһۣʱ
ҿͬ˲ͬһ˵ԺǸʮ˵ģ໹ȥСұ㣬ƼƷ˵꣬Ԫ˵̾
лִˣ
ҶףҲĺôˣҪڼǰڴϵľ˱ֲִֺ֣
ЦǺǵĸ֮ҶԪ̤˾ʮߺԺ䣬ԪӾҶԿʼˡ
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⵹ǽԪҳⰲŵŮȫŸŵӵĸˣ඼С檡
ȥΪ˭һɵư˵Ͻ𰡣㲻ͽԺеǸŮ˰ɣ
Ҷ˵ʵҲЩȣʮ֮ͣ˵ѪޱȵʢЩ飬ѹס
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ǣҶԪת켣ȻĸʯֵĹ켣ϡ
ʯֵ켣ԽԽԽԽҶڵԪתٶҲԽԽ죬ҲԽԽ
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ΪһˤУҶ淢ԼĽ
һ̤Ѿܹɶʮһ׵ľ룬ȷţһס

һˤûҶ棬ٴεϣζµĸоٴ̤
󣬵Ͷǳ⻪Ϊʱ仯תɲǣҶΣűõʯһ̤

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⡭⡭Ϊôܣ


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龵УҶһ̤ĪһΣͿʮ׾룬䵽һʯ
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ʵսУߵݸǾȼܣֲ֮ʵսУ룬;ÿֲûֲֿ
Ҷһʵսе÷ǳޣܹһĲ֮ʵսС
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ģߣһߣҶһ߳Ԫ˸ɫϽ𣬻ׯɵ˰
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һͨýԪ֧Ҷϵϲɫʱȥһɫ־˵ãûһ˿һĿ
״־ǰҶ泬ĴٶŪò̫Ȼɫʱˬ
ƾҶΪɱأΣ


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ɵڵͷıɲǣҶǰģͬʱΧͷıʮܱС
ԿɽѺ˺ҶݱɲǣһֱҶĻɢһȦ߲⡣
⻪һĿ¶ɫҶƾմӵʧ
һĻŹ澭һӣɢȥ棬üͷȴøˡ
Ҷսûʲô̫֮
׳׷ǲԹ澭۹ҶսǿԪغڵ־࣬ƾսԲܴصġ
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Ҷ棬ŵһͷ
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ҶԾǧֵĻ֣ԽʮǧֵĻ֣Ϊʮ
ԭʮʮһ
Ҷ߳ʮһĴڣ
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Եʦȴҡҡͷһʱ䣬ɱʮҶ棬֪һǰ۵ӣ仰˵Ҷֻһʱ䣬ɱʮҶ츳
ƨ츳Ҷ治ƷѪ츳ѡ
ҶƷļһôûɱ񣬸˵ҶΣʮ
һʦֵܣȻΪҶ
һžɽϣͻеĿԼƣһüͷҵΣʮһˣ
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ʲôҾȻʮ
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ҶԾģڳŵֱۣԸҲ֪Ըôǿʵ
ǰףɤ־ĶϵķǾɵһ㣬ĿһҲ
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һǰǸҶɱһͷϡĶԼ־͸оͷƤ飬Ƥջջŵġ
֪ôôڳˣɽԺô찡˵ܱʮծˡ
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ͯ߸ֱ֣֮Ӧһ־޲ϲ
תȥ־ҶȴһڣҵûϢ˵ˣͬʦֵܣһܽϣתǸˣ
Ҷ仰תߵ־ƵֱѪ
꣬ô̭˵
־뿪ŽӸ־ŵӼˣ˦ѾӼ׷־ȵȣӣ
һ˵㻰һţ־
ޣģ˵㻰־ݣ־ȡ
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Ҳ־Ķӵɲǣڰλλųеλ۵žҡ
λϣǶкҪ£Ź澭ΪԾλųǰƽؿɼΪټ
λ϶һۣ߳뾰ȿˣţҴ֪һ׼ŵҶ棬Ϊ״
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ɲǼ䣬Ź澭ľڣʱ죬һģȫҪҶΪͽ


94 ɱǰʮľ޴ô
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⡭⡭ţηɰײذĻϲ߳뾰ʱˡ
ɰҪǽأǻᱻ˳Ϊɲ𣿡Ź澭Ц
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ڵؽƷĻıǰҶԭʼĻ͸ֽһ㣬һǻᣬҶ浣ǻӦС
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ҶĿ⣬˻ؼϡ
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ҶĶؼ֡
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ؼҶЩԥг̣ѡһأ


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Ҫѡľǹ似ˡ
似Ҷ涯ĵĺ̰ܶ࣬ãĿǰֻȾһ֮
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˵޵ΪѾ龳
ͬһʱ̣ҶԺиֳһŹءеλսλʱλӣþܾ


96 Žص
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97 ȡ
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֮⣬ʮһƿҩҶ漫ΪĶģǻϴ֮⣬ҶĿģǾĴڽ鼮
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ʦܣǾɣˣ㱻ҶӲˣ϶ûҩˣƿ浤š
˦棬־ʱ˷ˡ
ãҸˣʦֻ֣Ҷʵ
Ԫضѣʲô
һ£һıݸ־ҵƷԪ㣬սסлᣬ͸նɱҶ棡
ã
ӹ־˷ܵĲ
һɲǣһ־飬־ŭʱڵÿһ䡣
Ҷ棬ҹ־Ҫսʮث֣Ųǰɣ
Ҷ棬ҹث֣ųͶһӡ
ŮϣҶһɰͬһŪֻС꣬һԴιһżֻǰµĸо
ͻأ־ŭװĴŮ塣
Ҷɫһ䣬ϸüʱ
־ôô
ڱҽսء
ҶЦӦʱüͷȴ
ӣûһţҶ˵
һΣɲûϻشҶ棬ĿҶ漸۵Ժ㻹ǽҲ°ɣӣҲϲ
ϲΪʲô
̫µˣǷ˺áһʹ˵ϡ
һ̣Ҷĳңˡ
һɲǣҶϿջص
־ҪսǾս
Ҷȫڵĺոƽûڣʱˡ
ɽп似ĵӣֻǾвķģ׼뿪ĵӣҶӦսɲǣת䶷̨
ԴʮǰҶɱǰʮҶ棬һֱеȵ㣬ŵݱ෹̸ʡ
ɱǰʮϡ棬ԪصΪɱǰʮͺҪˡ
˶֪Ҷ浽ǿʲôɱǰʮġ
ɱǰʮʱҶǲʹɣ
ף
ҶӦսˣ
Ժһͣ䣬ͳԺ䣬䶷ܽҼǰʮ֮˵սɵÿ
ĳȻˣڵͿ𣬳䶷
žڣŹ澭üͷζǺ鳤ϵĵӣҪʲôôҲ̫ûƷ˰ɣ
ϰڣѵСµηɰףüͷգСӣ֪ʮˣ֪ˡ
־ҪսҶ棿ˣҪˡլԺо޵ĽԪһĴ˳ȥ
һʱ䣬ڣ۳һǰ䶷ĺֻҪǻɽڵŵӣûһ䶷ġ
ҶӦս־޸ϵ䶷ʱʱˡ
꣬ôˣ
ԴԴϵš
һ̣ҪʤˣԣҪˣǿɾ͡
ʦܣİɣƷΪǴﵽԪغڣҶΪԪضѣҶʮӣҪ𡭡
ԣҪ𣡡
һ־һʱɱһأҶ棬ôû
Ҷ棬ث֣ǲˣôߵ־ٴһ
ݣ
һ籶ƿնһ־ͷϱߵŵĿֱֲӽ־ô㵱
Ҫ
Ҷľͬʱ
ͬʱй۲һĻļλųͬʱһҪǳʵˣ־Դǵóϡ
й۲һĻ峤Ϻ뽭վ𣬿еһӰɫ쳣
ˢ
ҶľãڲӵĲں־Դǰɲǣͣס
Ҷ棬̫ˣ´Σߣ
ͣ־ͷĲһأֻˮѵ־
һԵĲҲǾˣĨ˰Ѻҿš
ҪȻڱŵðˣˡ
һĻŵӣˡ
ĿеĲ£ǷǳģֻҪ˵ĵӣ˵ĳޣҲĻһΡ
żðӺٷ𣬲¼Ǳ̵ηɰ׵ķ̲ġ
죬Ϊ־Ҷڷ𣬲ɱ־̫ˡ
ͬһʱ̣УӴҶƮ
һĻ˼ĵӾͰ̾Ů񰡣ĿеŮѾˡ
齣ϰйս洫ȴһĻ̼ˡ
ɲǼ䣬Ҳ֮ʣһʹӷŭ˷
Ҷ桭
ֲɲǣһεĲס齣壬˲أҵĲΡ
УӴŵҶЦӦټһ£ҪвԼġ
ʮദҶѾԲӵԸ˽⡣
ӦַǳǳŮ
Ҳߣƽظǹµ쳣ûѣû飬ֻгﻨ飬ĶԴǷǹ۷ǳļ򵥡
˭۸ѣ˭ʹǾǻ˻ѱǸ
˭ƻİ֮ϲСʹˣǻˣ
־ܲңҶƺѾ˲ѵķΧ
Ųŭ־֣ԭ
־ˣ
ĿУҶ̤䶷̨


101 ֪
ʮ־սʮҶ棬ڿʼ
䶷ִ¸˵Ŀ⣬䶷̨УֵӰңңӵĿ⣬㶼䶷̨
Уŵӣųţ֪Ҷʵ
ɲǼ䣬ոհֻ̤Źص־ϣȵԪʱĶ
ţ
ҶͻȻڣΪ֮һ㡣
ôˣ˾͸ȥһ־Цһ
£ϴһģҺ˵Ӯʮӣ벻ӮȥҪٶһѣ
һ˵Ҷһ߿һ۲ԶٵѺעվݵĽԪôţҲӵʱ䣬ԼֵһѣýԪյע׬һɣ
־ڵؾͺ͸ˣ
ν˲ҶᣬʮʮĽĶ̣
Ҷ棬
ŭеƷԪһɳĽⶸҶ
һս̨µĵҲ׷ۿ
˵־սҶ棬˭ʤ
ӦҶ棬ҶϾʮ
Ҿ־кܴʤΪﰡң־Ǻ鳤ϵ״ӣ似϶Ҷһͨӱȵ˵ġ
ʦ֣ô
ʼɹȻһЦҪԤϵ֮ʤͲˣ
ף־ȻбϸսĳȻͻؾһ
鶸رͬƷ׵ıΪԽߣӳԽ
һҶƷ쾧ҲûˣˣҾ־ӮȽϴ󣬳ʦ֣˵أ
ǰ־ıӦ˽ģ־бҶҪӮҲἫΪѣ

أս˾ڽ̸ĳȻ۾ͬʱһɣ̲ס˲۾
ⲽôоҵؽƷӰҪǿһ֣
Ȼһ
̨ϣ־һ֮ʣҶһ׷ǲ̤Ӱһ㣬־ʧȥĿꡣ
̫
־ٶȣɤŴ󰡣
ҶЦ
һմ־ŷĿҶѾһ˲غ쵽˲Ӹ
Ҷ棡
ŭһ˲תʦ뽭״˽Ʒıɽʩչɽѣ
ǣϮɱҶӰ
̫־ûԷ𣿡
첱Ӵֵ־˲طˣɽһ㣬һһ
ǣҶĳҲһһ
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мˣ
̫̫־̵ʹ
̫ôٶȣҶܳպȲˣ
Ҷ£־Ѿħˡ
ҶҲŭˡ
־Ϊս̫Ҫˡ
Ϊ֮дսذô޴İ񵥣ƽλսλӵսǳʱһмʮ
ǣλӲһû¸ɵĵսɣ
ʱȥֻ߱չؾޣ¶һ궼еġ
ʱ򣬴ӣΪѡһ·ű䣬űĻΡ
ֻߣսߵĵӡ
ǼսҲ˵֣ˣдһս͵Ȼȴǡ
־㼫޳ֱܵҶը⻹ǵһΣ
Ҷ治ŭŹ֣
ҪȻҶֻ־һҰܣԲ־
սĵǣˡ
ʮ״û뵽ս˰죬־Ҷ·ûᷢ
ҶӦƾĲأôߵĻֵġöӶʱȻ
ԣҶذֻƾ޷صġһɵ
ɶԴҶƷһƷɱЩֵ
һԵһŵӲмЦһʮƷҲɱš
Уλңң۲ųͬʱüͷҶʩչĲǳĸУûĲ
峤Ϻ뽭ɫһ䣬ֱӴֳӲ޵ޣ־³ɣʤҶ棡
ǲ޵õʦڵɲǣ־ͿҶ棬ҪҪ
Ҷ棬ثֱ֣ܣ
Ҷ棬ֵľͺӲƴһУ
Ӳƴð
Ҷϸֳһ˿ıɲǣζͣס
Ҿվڲɣ
ã
ŭһ־Ĵܳҫ۵Ԫڽ˸ɲǣɽ
ɽɱɽѣ
ž춯صƣһĵɫ⣬شӵըҶ档
ٶȼ죬˲Ϣ䣬۵Ҷʮ֮ڣ
˲ǣ˾˵ĽǰҶȴûκεĶ
˵ģΪҶᵽɤۣ
ɣ
ɣ
ɣ
ˣҶûκζ־ϣѾֳһ˿Ц
־Ľ۽ҶɵɲǣҶ涸ضˣ
һ˦һԪָ
飡
־ŵİһ㣬޷ֱӱҶԪָϡ

־屻õɶҵ˸һ£˲ر飬ͬʱҶԪָҲʹɢ
Ԫָľ磬ȴ־ϻһѪۣʱѪ档
û취Ҷ˿֮Ԫָʵ̫ˡ
ɣʮ׳
־Ľֻӽ׵ĳȡ
仰˵ֻҪҶ־ĽԶҲ˲Ҷ棡
ⲻվˣΣ
Ĩ˰ѶͷѪ־һ㣬漴һϲţҶ棬˲ң
˸֮ʣԪϽݺᣬ־ЩаٴҶ棡
飡
ư«һ㣬ÿ־ɱ֮ڵɲǣҶ˦һɳԪֱָӽ־ɡ
ɵ־ȴǷħһ㣬һηҶ˲ϮҶ档
֪
һߣҶ쾧سʣ
ݣ
ĳ߳ıش쾧˽־ͷ¡
ɫ쾧־ͫһĿпֹʢܣѾˣ
꣡
ɲǼ䣬־ĻͱҶ쾧˺ɷ飬쾧ֱ־Ķͷ¡
ۿţ־ҪҶһ룬ʬᵱ

һ⣬ش־ؿɢҶĽ⣬⣬ͬʯͷһ㣬˲ر˸飡
ţ
Ҷɫһ䣬׷ǲӰε׷־־µɲǣһױȭ־ؿڡ
飡
־θ߸ߵ׷ɳȥѪڿһĻߣǣԿţ
ΪﵽԪ֮Ԫͻʱʱ̿ǿټ־ޱҶһС磬űסһ
ˣһȭҲҶѹٴһĳ嶯Ϊ֮ҪȻ־ûˡ
ԼͬѾüˣһսɱһͬĶҶ滹뱳ңֻͬдѡ
˻
̨µʱһƬеĵӶһĻˡ
۵ųǣҲˣ
һɲǣϵ£ѻȸ


102 
ʵƲ̫֮ˣ
ڳ˶޷ܣ
Ԫսء
½Ƕûմһ˵ԪصĴڸһʤ
Щ֧Ҷ棬ҶʤĵӣҲû벻ҶӮ˸ɾ䡣
ǵ־ѾҶһɱˡ
ȻһҶɱ־˭ҲҶɱ־ˣġ
УҶɳĽ˵ڶųϣĿ뿴ηɰ׵ķ
Ŀһηɰ˲ŭˡ
ʲôⱾ£û̹Ҳ̲
ԣڶųɫʢ
һɱ־ûҶʦֵս
Ժ˭˵ҶʦɱˣҸ˭𾪹ǰ֧Ҷĵǣʱ
Σս볤ȻŻع
ɳĽôܣʦ֣ļǶ٣һҶɳĽǾЩࡣ
ɰɣҵļޣ似ĻӦܹﵽɡ
˻
˲صһ㶼ҶģҶ棬Ҳֲ̫˰ɣһ׼ʱսһأ
ʲôɣɳĽҲǾ˶ѣ̸ϿֲϾΪ龳Ĵڣ첻ɶ˺
սҶúȻ˵
һԣϸļһ־ƣŽ־չˣ־û£ڸܴ¾ͺˡ
ɫ԰ֽ־ʱޱȣһסޣʦ֣Ϊұ𰡣ҲսҶ棬ھսҶΪұˣ
Щԥ
ս
棬Ҫġ
ڲԥʱ򣬴ʦַʦ뽭Ĵͬʱڲ޵Ժը졣
ޣսҶ棬ΪʦǱҵԪֱնɱҶ棡
ޣҶ治ɱʦ뽭
һɲǣҶո䶷̨ʱ͵ؽӹ־ԪԾ䶷̨һɱңָҶ档
Ҷ棬Ҫս㣬ս񣡡
ո䶷̨Ҷ棬˲תһǲޣԪֱЦ
ޣҲҪսң鳤ϵ£ôˣѵҪɱҶ𣿡
Ҷ沢ŵİλ洫֮УֻλӵƷޡ־Ʒ
϶Ϊ˶ԸҶģ
ܴĽ裿
ͬһŵĴʦַ֮⣬ˡ
ǣͬսѣֲսõŴµĽƷ
н־ҪƤըһУ͸Ź쾢
Ҫ˵ûš
Ҷʦﻰ
εһЦֻɱǰʮдôһ
ޣһ龳սһԪĵӣ㻹޳ܵ𣿻泵ս㻹ҪҪҪҲս棿
һֱŵĲֱӳӾ㣬һ϶һ˵ĺûҲٴɫ˵ʲôϵ
ˢ
ֻãѪҺ꣬øƨƵġ
ڳǧĿ޲Ҹطȥ
û취ǲȫڵ˵һ֣ȴ޵ݡ
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˵Ԫһ֧Ҷĵӣһ
Ȼ޵Ϊո̤龳ûã̤龳Ҳ龳Ĵڣ
ãȻҪ泵սǾɣҷ㣡
ಣ
һѾ䶷̨Ҷ棬ַԾ䶷̨
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Ҷ澹ȻҪӦս
ԪͣеĻƣĳ嵽̨£ȰҶ棬Ҷɵǧǵļƣ죬ȥ
վ̨ϣҶһŽԪ˵ϽûеһѴ̼ģ
ô淨Ԫûһ˿һԥ
ׯ
Ԫһ㣬漴ظãҶ裡
תԪֱԼĶ̨漴ԪׯׯˣҶʤһʤһ壡
һʣԪĵӶʱһ
ԪԴ¿ˣ
龳Ԫ
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ҵ𣿡
ԪȻһЦԴû¿ߣֵˣһսֵҶ桪ʤҵģѹֵʤ
һɲǣԪҡ壬עˣעˣֿУޣ
УŹ֣
˵˵һڴ˵ĵǻһӵϣע
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УװǰɣһΣײ˴ˣѺˡһΣ龳Ԫп𣿡ʯЦ
Ҷ棬ɣ䶷̨ϣ޿ڵ
Ҷûޣ۾һУ齣ķʱ򣬶ؿڣʦ֣齣Ҳ˰ɣ
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Ҷ澹Ȼ洫ӷ
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洫ӣǿڳų⣬λߵĴڡ
ÿһλ洫ӣֻҪɳȥպʵȨųϡ˵Щŵӣ˵ЩͨǣҲҵ
Ȼų׼洫ĴڣҲơǶѾƷԪ洫ı
һɲǣȭͷ߬˲Ѫˡ
Ҷ棬ˣӣϲ
лᣬһҪսһս϶һ£˷ܵ
ȻЦʱ˵Ĵۺܴ󡭡
Ҷ£Ŀ⣬齣ķ򣬶뿴齣λ߸ϵ洫ʲôӦ
ϵǣûκηӦ
ĵʮϢȥˣ齣ķһ㷴ӦûС
ʱҶֿˡ
ʦ֣û˼˰ɣƷԪˣôҵ
ǣʦ֣ɱҿ㣬һʧģ
ҶһЦ齣ķҲװȥ
ǿųŭĿѹõͳ
Ҷ棬ҶҵʦܺģҲѺϼעո֣ǣֵܽԪⲻ𣡡
ҵֵⲻ⣡Ҷ󣬵
仰Ѻˣ
ĳЦɲǣһʹ齣ɳ쳤һƮ˽Ԫǰ
һƱʮƽټǱƷԪϣ𣡡
ǰĴԪѵһĭ


103 ս龳
ʦܣʦҵһңȫˡ齣巽򣬷һЦȥΡ
䶷̨ϣ޵鶸ؽ
ѹ̫ˡ
ѺЩȻֵˣΣеƷԪصġ
Ϊʦܣ޷ǳ˶ĴۣŪԪ
ӿ׬ӣδܹ򵽱
ѹҲǶ
һתʱԪһҶڳһʽȵɣҶ棡
޵뷨ܼ򵥣Ҷȳ֡
龳սԪҶ汾ͺܶˣȹ£޻
Ҷ˵ͷ쾧ңָޣǰб´̳ɫԪʼ쾧¹⻪ȻǺ÷ѩʽ
ҶҲʽûҲֽʽ΢΢һҶ湥飬Ƥûô
ʽԣڶڴеļҴսûʱݣζرù
ǣֹ״ֻ̬˼Ϣ޵ɫһ䣬ЩסٴδߴٵҶʦܣ룡
Ҷ·û޵Ĵߴһ㣬еվ۾ţһʽ÷ѩʽ˿䡣
ʽ䣬ҶԪȴҵĶ
߶УҶ浤еԪһһӿ쾧
бָ쾧·Ų֮ܳأ̶⡢ʼһɽѹϱߡ
ҶеУʱȫһ龰
£ѩ׷ɣһ֦÷аѩǣں÷ϱߵĻѩԽԽ࣬ԽԽأֱ÷ѹ䣬ѹۡ
Գ֦ܵ÷֨֨ɫĺ÷ڲʵĲš
˿̣ҶеĽͷ·ⱻѩѹĺ÷һ㣬ţţȴѩŭŵɲһɲǡ
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ɲǼ䣬ɫٴһ䡣
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һֵֺĸоǷҶֹȥҶ汩һɲǣܵʱ̡
ָоֺܱ棡
ҶʦܣС
ָճڣ鶸䣬ٵˣҶȥĺϡ
Ҷʦܣˣ
߳һһã𣬲еԪɳĽóһҶ浱ͷ¡
ɲǣе޴ڵԪһ˿˲޵Ľһࡣ
飡
ԪǿΪ顣
⻹ǲΪոտ龳ԭҪ龳۷ĴڣԪܹԼǿ߳ɰ˳ǳɱ
Ҳڲ޶ɲǣҶ쾧·ܲס޾ѹֱѵ졣
ɲǼ䣬Ҷ涯ˣ
һѾõĺ÷ѩغ
ݣ
̶ֱ˺ƶĤƿУ쾧ѩĺ÷һ㣬طã
ͬһɲǣҶ߶ǿͬ˽һĵڵԪйȥ쾧ϱǳɳĽƿһеƣöȥ
˻
ɽ
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ɢ
գ
޵߸ߵķ𣬷ʱѪѾȪˮһӴȴ
飡
һƺߣصĵأҡҡ֮ԪأǿûԵȥ
ʱڶӲſ˾
һˣӲ޵ĴбߡȴɭɭĹͷɼȻεģ·챻նˡ
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˽ܵǣһ
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ȻֻһĿŲ޵ƣһ𾪣ʦ֣𣿡
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Խأأ˫ֹҶһȭҶʦܣл㡭飡
Բһ޷ļԦǿֻôˡҶ˵
ԼǰһһɵҶ뷨ʱһ
·ĵǣٴα˼ĶԻˡ
ʲô
Ҷ治һʤ˲ޣˣ
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ȴǴˣˣ⵽ô£
һ̣ҶҲһ
뷨ȷġ
ڽ²޵սǰҶ˼ʲôʤո̤龳Ĳޣ
ڲ쾧£Ԫָ־˲ˣΨһƾǸո򲻾õĺ÷ѩ⾳
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÷ǳ󣬿Ҷһ˲߶Ԫɱӡ
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ǻһ˿ĻɹĵҶһĴ󲿷ʱ޾ǡ
Ҷնһλãǡôɲ
ҪһҪնʵˣɥնΪˡ
ҪĻ޻أ
ڲް̾һҪ군ˣǧһ֮ʣҶ潫ǿһƫĽƣͲСֵһննȸ
ˣǲ޿µСֵܱסˡ
ҲǲҪлҶԭ
ҪҶƫһ½ƣһɾ군ˡ
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Ҷȥȵɲǣ뽭Ľͯش䶷̨˲ޡ
ģʦԻΣ
˵꣬ͯ޾ߣͬһʱ̣Ҷ˿ԣԪӦ°ɣ
ͯһӳ˸ոռԪ
齣ϣһĻķʱޱȣҶ棬Ͳ³Ե£𣿡
׵أһ͵شӶϰɳֱ뽭ӵĶ塣
ͬʱηɰ׵ŭ߳


104 Ĩƽʮ
պģηɰ׵˺۸ǰɣ£øһ
ŭ߳䣬һ޴ĺ⣬ֱ峤Ϻ뽭סĶ塣
һ⼫ΪŵĴӶϷɳӭסηɰ׵ĺ⡣
ɲ㷢ʲô裡뽭˭۸ˣ
˵ûУ
־ͽܲǣƷԪǲĴͽܷ񣿡ŭ߳䣬
ɲϹǰɣҶúõģ㿴ͽܣһˣһˣ㶼ˣ
߿УеӿۣŵӣֱӾˡ
ҵĸ죬ηɰνϰô
ҲҿҶʤˣҪȻͲƽ㶨ʮɣֱĨƽ
˵䣬һƵĽⶸضɳٶȼıܹ뽭أֱӺ˶ϡ
飡
ضɽҡ𣬶ķĻҳ
ҵҩɲҸƴˣ
ߣһĻûأø͸
θոմӶɳĺ뽭ʱһ漴ķŭ
ţηɰ˺Ϊܲܣ
Ӧηɰ׵㶨һ˸״۸Сģپû𣿡
У峤Ϻ뽭ʱúںںġ
ɰףĪ֣Īڷ
Ź澭˵ηɰշȫ˻ȥ뽭һʱѿ쳣
ʱģŹ澭İҲˡ
鳤ϣʧʲôҩݣ岹ɡ
뽭źÿһЩ
̳ɢʱڶ˵Ӷʱˣԭƣڵڶ߷Ķ壬ֱӱĨʮɡ
ƽƽģκ֮㣬ڸ߶ȣֱȺ֮䣬ҲûǰĶ֮˵ˡ
һĻڶŵӣֱӿմ
ԭǵĽϰηɰ˿ֲĴڣԭҶηɰ׵˰
䶷̨ϣҶҲЩơ
ηɰνϰĻʵЩ塣
˸ͽܣЩġ
ƹƣҶ滹ֵͦģϾүҲк̨ˣ̨ǸҸųϽаΡɲ
ηɰôһ㣬Ҷķͷȥ˴롣
еŵӣ춼ʶһ¡
Ҷλǰʮʵġ
ЩŵӣǰɶһЩ˼ǲҸʱսһҶ棬Ҷ浱̤ʯֱɱǰʮ
Щ˼ȫжԶӶԶ
Цʮ޶Ҷһܣǣֱһɱ⡣
Ҳһ¡Ҷ棬Բܵͨ˿ȴ

Ҷһ
ԪҶһ絽˽ԪǰϽ𣬽׬˰ɣ
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еˣԼҶˡ
Ҳ٣µҾô𣿡ʯ׾һʧǵĵڵϡ
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Ȼҡҡͷϲ̵ȥԪ棬һĿģЩ棬¡
Ҷ̫̼ˣ̫̼ˣ֪׬˶ʮʮӡԪҶЦ
ҶָָѺ´ô
ĲƸģԪݸҶ棬ƴģôá
ҶЦžܾ˽Ԫֻ˻еԪ쿪׬ģġҪԪƷԪҶã
Ԫһ˲شסҶⲻɣƴģЩӦջ񡣡
ջ񣿡
Ͻ𣬽ҷ裬ջ񣡡
Ԫٴε֣˲һ
ǾͻŮ塣
ͻȻߵҶԣһ仰ԪӲû
ʵҶҲЩ죬ҶղŻ룬Ȼ뿪Ůˣ͵ùԹԵĻԸˡ
˵ʵŮǸõط
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Ҷ汾ţˣ޷ȥˣû뵽¾ȻҪŮ塣
Ҷ治˵ΪҶͬˣ˳ȻģҶʮգһڿնֱŮ塣
Ҷĺñ°ģ͸ô£ӶɳĽԪֱ̾ŵӵŮôҶˡ
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𾪵ģĪ齣洫
Ҷ˫ʮյɲǣ۾غ˸ͨ͸߬ס˫ȭһʹĲ
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һĻͬڰе峤Ϻ뽭ˡ
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ͬʱԼָ״̵ѪķҲ˾ģγֱ档
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ν㣬ǲ㲻æչСȥ˶ҡ
⻰ҶӶˣҲˡ
ѹͲסͬӡɶ˼
Ҫǲ˼Ƿǹһࡣ
ʹ˾ҪЦµηɰףҲµĻشֱӸˣһӾûеЦľͷ
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ޣˣֲСӽܹ߰ɳĽԭǷ˲µҺǵԭ򡣡ηɰԲ
ǰɣ
г˼֮ηɰ׵ɫͻһҶ棬һ
ʲô£ҶЩ졣
Сµ£ˣϾڲȥˡ


105 ھ
ʲôƷСµѪ츳ȻߴƷ
Ȼ룬ǵηɰ˵ʱҶ滹Ǵһ
Ʒǿˡ˵
ҪȻҲżСȥɽϿȽܴеˡηɰ˵Ʒһ¶ȥС¾ͻĿʱǰȥɽϿȽܴо͸ˡ
ɼ¼֮йСµ飬ԼϷ˺Ľ£Ҷֻηɰһˣﶼû˵
ηɰ׵Ʋ⣬ɴǰɽǵǵ⣬пһĴ⣬ҪСԵɽϿȲִС
ηɰҶ׼СȥɽϿִС
ʲôƷĳȻҲúõģСҲƷѵѪ츳ҶЩɻ
ʲôƷѣСӣɲǰ׽еģηɰ׵۾ʱ򣬸Ҷ˵
˼춼˵Ѫ
½ǣĽѪﵽߣ֮Ϊ
ֱ½Ѫ츳֣һΪǱ͵һ࣬˵ΪԪ̤롣
磬ҶѪ츳Ҳ
ƷѪ츳֮Ϊ
Ŀǰ½󲿷ߵѪ츳ǵ
Ѫ츳ﵽƷ֮ʱ֮Ϊ
Ϊϡȱǧ֮УҲܳһߡ
˵֮ϣıΪʥʮ츳
νϰʲôôأҶʵ
˵𣿡ηɰʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ龳֮ǻ꺣꺣֮˵ž
ûˮǰǰٻ꺣ǿߣǣ̤ģֻһˡηɰ˵
ٻ꺣ǿߣֻһ̤Ҷһ
ǵģܻ󣡵ǣߣƾ֮˵ѪֻҪ;زۣպٷְܹƿ꺣̤
һ£ηɰ˵仰˵һߣһλδǿߣ
˻
Ҷ浹һ֮ʣʱ⵱еϵ
ҪСƷ츳ȥĻ˵ˮڣǺˮŰˣǣҲҪ˯žˡ
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С²ƷߣҸһ쾻壬Ǵȣ㻹ҪǿһЩ
ʱ䣬СµΪʹѪһֱӿԽԪأҹƣаʱ䣬СµΪܹﵽԪ۷塣
Ϊߣ龳̫ѵ⡣
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ηɰ˵ʱҶ;ų˺һ㡣
ʱ䣬£ѪһͻƵԪأٶȣֱҶˡ
˱ˣֱˡ
Ҷһʱ䲻㣬ôҶΪѪһͻƵԪأҲֻһּµʱ䡣
ǣһ࣬͸飬Ҷ漸ϣݳɼ
С£ֻɽ꣬͡
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Ҷ飬ηɰЦһЦٻʢһ㣬հһɽģηɰף˲˼ǵζ
Сӣ㣬ΪԪѪ츳ٶȵӰ죬ޡ
һΪͻƵ龳ͻ֣ᷢءٶȵľ޴࣬ǲֱ࣬Ѫ
ν㣬Ҷ棬㲻ҲƷ츳ѣЩųϣһèһ㡣Щ˵
ߺôͻҶˣôţ桮ͬӡˣ
һ仰ηɰ׾ͽҶ׵⽹ۣ¾ٴ࣬Ҳηɰ׵ĵЦ֮䣬ʱƮһ˿̺졣
νϰȻ治סˣֱӴСһ˲͵ˣնȥʱܸϵɽϿȣһ»ˡҶ漱æ硣
ȥҪô򵥣һõ㰡
ηɰ׳Ҷ淭˸İۣҵҲˣҲ̫עˡҹҪȥˮڵų̫ƽˡ
ǲأ
ԣηɰ׷İ۸ˣݣҸС͵͵ȥＸȦɣҪǱм鷳󡣡
Ҷ۾ĵԲˣλɶݣһţҪսƵġ
ˣٸһʱ䣬Ҿܹһˡͻ˵
ãҾȹϲˡηɰĪ˵
գСǰɽϿɴе飬Ҷͷϡ
ηɰ׵Ļ˵Ҷʵѡ
ң飬ҲϷиҶġ
Ϸ˵иҶҲֻӦ¡
ηɰײûҶϳҶȴʱһӽɽ֮ΪΣĴСǰɽϿɴС
ҶΪʲôҪ鷳ʱηɰ׸Ҷһ˵Ļش
Ҷ棬ΪУû˴Сµ⣿ɴϵܣۺ죡
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Ȼᣬôѧ
һΣҶıˣؽƷķƽ¾Ȼᡣ
ѧǴѧģҶʵ
ƽڵھһᣬе洫ӣųϣƽ
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ڵھǣ߶ƽһķƽѾʧˡ
Žƽе洫ųϣԿûܹ²ƽ˵
ΣҶǳ׵׵ˡ
ͿǵĴָõķƽȻѾʧķ
ҶЩ벻ͨˡ
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Ϳǵ䣬رΪŽأ᲻ʧķƽйϵأ
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Ϊ洫ӣ֪Ҫá
˵䣬һͻش˲ӵУһ֮£ӶʱһֵĿ⿴Ҷ档
˵ҪŮ塣
£
㣡


106 Ź澭
Ҷ棬û󰡣
ŮϣҶŹ澭һĺͰ
ûУҶҡҡͷ
ޣзɰָ㣬Ӧûɶ󡣶ˣأûʲôѣŸûʲô⣬ҪҪչһŹ澭ٴιĵ
ţҼڽǿԶҲûɶѡҶٴδ
Ź澭ۺ룬Ҷ棬ΣĵҩȱȱҪҪһЩ
Ҷ泹׵ˡ
Ź澭̬Ҳ̫ˣŹ澭Բ洫ӣûĹɣ
ţϵҸʲôϾֱ˵ɣҶӲͷƤ˵
Ź澭ˢһ¾ͱЩ
԰ţǿҶʲôˣҪҺʱҲģһԸҶǻ
ȿȿȿȣ
Ź澭ҵĿ˼Щ˼˵Ҷ棬ģţһֱȽȱԪõԪؼ
龳µĵӣˮڵͬǣǳĳԿ
㿴ҪûʲôϸĻܲܽˮڵԪؼԪָдţ˴ڣǿʵ
˵꣬Ź澭۰Ͱ͵ĿҶ棬һڴ
û취Ԫָ̫ǿˡ
ˮڵžҶ澡նɱҶΪԭԪָҲû
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˼ܼ򵥣ţؼ㻹ûȰɣҶǶû˵׸ˣ㿴Ű졣
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龳ĴǺεȵĸ²ԷΪҶڲͬĽ£ɳŲС
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һУηɰױһתͻЦĶҶʵʵ뿪ʱ򣬲Ѿͷûиʲôö
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£Ů壬뿪ţٺ١
Цһֱ峤Ϻ뽭ڵĶ塣


107 úʱ򣬵úᣡ
ʯӳǺˮһСǣҲһɽǡ
ʯӳɽɽǣҵ䷢
ʢĺͭϺõıײϣˮƱĿϣʮ֮һʯӳǡ
ҵķʯӳǱʮַͬʱҲʯӳǷչһҴгļ塣
ĴУ˲Ƹ֮⣬ĻûػĲƸѹŮûʲô
ʯӳǳңĿҵ塣
һ괫оӪʯӳǳĿϣʯҡ
һͬģ
һҼһСһͣķչҲͣԴչ
죬ʯӳǳҵĴţţҼſڽţԺڣ졢ٵߣһĲ͡
춼һˣڵĵӣôҲ̫˰ɣӳǿΪ˵
ǰһȺˣˡôִڼóԺúȵģǼϼһÿҪŮ̷ǵӣ⻨ʵЩˡĳӳԶü
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յɲǣлϼԪرǯһҶ֣


109 Ҷֱ
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лⱬ֣Ҷһֺԥӭȥ
ֻӭȥɲǣѾܲ֡
СӭүҲĹͷ
лֶܵؼ٣

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μô˲˳
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²̨л̲סһĵͺ𣬷Ĵ߱ԪҶܲĻ
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лܵĻι䣬һɳɳ峤ɫһ䣬ȵʲô


110 
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ǳɲǣ͵Һ罦
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ɲǼĹ򣬲ҽٶ˵ĶһƬȥǴķߡ
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ڷֲʮ˵ʬֱ֧СһĶ飬ڳصУٴ·ˡ
ٴ·Ҷõǰδеӣÿ峤ҶʱлܸʯһɽرΡ
ʯһɽҹӶ˼ʮˣγشҲкܴΣ޹⡣
˺·ϣ񻢰߷ȺȺҲûϹ˽ƷؽƷ޵ϹĲ̫࣬Ӧ
ҶҲûɵʱʱ̿ȥԤǰޣҪҶδζԤǰޣ˵Լ鷳
ֻҪ̫ΣյģҶͲѣˣÿ·Щæһ¶ѡ
һ·ϣһֱҶлܣҲԹԵı͡
ڶʱ֣һִ˳ҵ⴦ϢݲݳԷ֮ʼˡ
ͭһ䶼лͨͨΪ˼󹤵ԭѪζ˲ޡ
ǰʱƽȥ޴ԼʮͷһǵؽƷޣҲԭ
ΪС̫Ҳʩչҵ뷨ǣǳҵλϼǣճɾˣȻֳ飬ÿˣÿһ
ҾڣԷӳµɱȥ⣬ȼϣնɱʱɢѪζ
˵꣬Ŀ⿴Ҷ棬Ҷ㿴뷨𣿡
ܺã
İţܵ
ô֣콣ܲʵ
ϼһͷɣʯһɽָ˺ߡ콣ܲ˵
콣ܲոյͷʱɽ߾ͶˣһһλҵĳϣԱ
ϵģٴСģллϷһˣô
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ҵλ϶龳ڵĴڣټһ龳ڵɽǣǿǿϣʡְȫ˭⡣
ҲֱӰֻ棬תۼʣ·Ŀ콣ܲˡ
һת۵Ĺǿ߶ɽˡ
ʣҶɽڵƸˡ
ȻɽߣҶ۵ʵľˣҶǵĺȡ
ϾԸޣ浶Ӳƴʵǵһλ
ȻҶߴһΣ콣ܲЩƣɽ˵Ϊǲ
ҶȻûģԼսԼνƸ۾һˡ
ʣ²˵øʵֻԪصҶһ飬ܲ⡣
⵶ͷѪ飬ʱ򣬶ѵʵܾ
һڹؼʱ̲һѣʱҪչ˵ĶѣԲʲô¡
ڸ۵УҶϺȵĶѡ
ʵҲߣڼһСţʮΪҲո̤龳ѡ
ʵ
۵üͷ龳ڴһԪأ֧ȫ龳˵ɽĶ龳ڣʵ̫ˡ
۵Ļ˿ûᡣ
ͷѪ飬˭ҲԸԼĶʵ
ΪһãģҲԼĻᡣ
ǣҶڵĸͽҶڣʲôл˿ŹҶĻᡣ
ߴ㿴һɫ
ֻˡһơ
Ǿͽ󶴰ɣ
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ӦһҶͻһ̤ҲϲܣǾѡɣ
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콣ܲкһƸۣЩ̫Ը̤Ҳ
Ҷǣȴһ˿
˭Կ˭ռ˻һأ


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īȻ˵Ϊ̤Ԫ֮󣬾ӵһ̶ȵҹûκιԴĿҪŻѡ
Ҷ桢콣ܲƸ̤Ҳ󶴲ʮϢɱɱı
Ǽϸ̶ԼԼģ̤м󶴵лܵľҲ˹
һ·룬ϢĹȥˣﶼˣ˵Ҷڵ󶴣ȴһֻ޵ӰӶû
£ǶɱôʵôʲôûУƸһơ
Ǻ°ô㲻⣿
һ˵콣ܲɨһҶ棬Ҷѡ󶴵ʱʶʲôû뵽Ȼġ
ҲãҶЦЦ
εѡ񣬲Ҷģϸ۲ġ
֮У֮Ϊ
쵽ǰͣ˰ʱʱڣֻҲֻܳһСߡ
󶴣Ӱһ
ҶжϣҲڵޣӦٵģѡ󶴣
ͻأȷϮ͵ӴӿϮ
Сģ˽ƷӥèһսֱƵؽƷޣһ˶ԸһֻҶȳţһ콣ܲƸܾӭȥ
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׷ǲ̤쾧һش̳һΣ÷
÷֮÷Ҳ
ͣ
˲أҶӥèһŹ˲رѪģҽûзʹȥ
ɱ

ΪĹϵҶԪޱȣԪ۷ĴڣԪҲҶľ
£ҶԪغڵΪȫԪغ۷Ĵڡ
ӲҪҸǾԪϣԪغڵĴڣҪࡣ
£ټ쾧ļӳɣҶ治ú÷սҲֱ׷龳ڵĴڣ˵Ƕ˺÷
һɱͷ˽ƷӥèҶսŲܲս
۵һ˫Ϲȷʵ˵ãȭɣÿһȭȥӥè˻ȡʤֻʱϵ⡣
Ҷ涯ݵǿ콣ܲĿ콣
һ̳ȥ̫죬ʵϣȴ쵽˼㡣
쵽ó˻ӰĽһ֮£óһֱߣ·𳤽ʮһ㡣
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Ľһգӥèʱȥ
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Ҷɱ޵ٶȣȻҪ졣
ʮϢ֮󣬸ɵԼͷ޵ƸһȻ
ſܻøҶæû뵽ɱģʱ뷨ʱĹۣȻԾⲻ˵ġ
һ룬ԽԽ࣬ƸܵĳԾԽԽ
ΪÿһΣҶɱٶȶģһǼΪе֣۵ͷ󺹡
Խ󶴣Խࡣ
Ҷڵ󶴻ԣÿǰףһͷޣ󶴣ȵսͣ
󶴵ʱ֮ڣҶ˸ɵܺϣҲﵽʮͷ
Ͽʱʱῴǿ޵ʳԵ޵ĺǣĿʮߡ
һڷֵĿͳ˳峤Ե̾ᶴڵĿ
ϲܣ鲻̫Ծ
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ǰҲò̫Ծ˵
Ҷ棬˼ǣܲ¶ɻ֮ɫ
޵عǺǿģؽ޵ع˶ĵؽ޶ϡ
˵Ǽ߿󹤵ʬ壬龳ǿߵѪ⣬ûô
ԣ콣ܲ۾һ˵ʲô޵ĵر
ûҶ˵ͷ
˼ǣҶʵڿǣƸü
ҶҡҡͷǸԵҪǳ֪б¾Բô
ңҹƳҲ֪󶴻۽˶ޣЩޣǿ󶴳º½½ߵıġ
һֱɱߣǲпҵܲ۾һ
Ҷٴε˵ͷ
ǿ㣬أ
ڴؽƷ޵ı϶򵥡콣ܲЩڴĴ˴֡
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бǰٶȣȴǸˡ
Ҷǵһ⡣
ûɱеؽƷˣߣ᲻иߵȼޣ
ңҪұ߶࣬бĻĿġ
˶־ǣһ·ɱǰС
ǣͨĺȿɱԽԽ
һʱҶɱұ߿ڸɵͷؽƷ޺ѰһʲôûС
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Ϣ֮Щʧ˾ظϣ·һ󶴻ͨ·ʱƸܺ˹ȥмͨ
룬һ󶴻ͨ·ڣ֪Ǳɱôˣ
䣡
ͻı͵ͨ·ըһһӰ˳
𣡡
ǵĻХɫ۳ɵķУͨں˹
Сģ
Ԫ绢
ˣˣǵؽƷԪ绢
Ӱɲǣ콣ܲ˻ߵĺ
ؽƷޣ
ҶͷʱȻ
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Ȼ˵ħ߼ޣսϣԪ绢磬Ҳ̫
ǱܵģҶĺˡ

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һΪ˻߶ߵ˻ǸԪ绢ӳӰġ
Ԫ绢вͣը˭
ΣǣԪ绢Ļβʱ߸ߵ䣬·һһǵӰ
ȵӰڿУѹ޷ܡ
ҪǳˣӰǱɣ
ɲǣǱܵģҶ콣ܲͬʱ
ݣ
Ļβֱ޴ſֲƿǵӰǧһ֮ʣһն˻βֱޡ
飡
˲رβֱɢҲɹڻβ˿ڣҶһֱӽβпһ룬ǿֲĻβ˲ʧȥã

˵Ԫ绢ŭ˹
һ˿Ϣ֮ǵмͨӳӰڻ
лܣ㣿
ӰɲǣҶ콣ܲͬʱһ㡣
ͬʱӵмл˿ͣһ߳ͽԱ޷ƸԪ绢
꣡
Ԫ绢Ĵһţֱӽл߹ȥƸҧء
ͣ
ƿյĽ⣬ž˵ԪҶ
Ҷ콣ܲΪͻȻıʷɲǣ˸һŵлһתۣһЦһ͵ϮҶ档
лܣ
һĻ콣ܲŭĿѣ
лһ̫ˣ̫ˡ
лһ͵ϮǸոתҶؿҪ˵͵Ϯ㲻͵ϮԿСĿռ䣬ҶҲ޷
Ҷģֻĺˡ
ˣ͵
ǵؽƷԪ绢Ϯոձصĸʬ廹ڳ鴤ҶҪ˵ĻԪ绢Ļ֮ڣʱ³ƸһĲҡ
һ˲䣬лܾͽҶ˱Ŀռ䡣
ˣлɱ
ˣ
Ԫ绢ʳ
Ҷģƺֻ·һ
Ҷ棬ɣʦ˵ˣɱ㣬ؽ֮ʣлſЦ
𣿡
ҶĿⶸرޱȣ
ٵһǰδеȻסȫ
һҶ治˷
Ȼͦӭлܿ쭶Ľ⣡

ģлܽݺݵĴҶؿڣ
ͬʱл콣ֲܲͬľ쳹


112 л

лܵĽݺݵĴҶؿڣȴһоֵ
飡
˵лܵĳҶܲİٵ˻
֮ɫشлܵϸ֡
ŻΪҶ浣ľĿ콣ܲҲһĻˣ;ôſֱȥһȭͷ
û취һĻʵ̫漣ˣ
ΪֻԪشڵĻȻܹס龳ڴһ͵Ϯ
һĻʵǳ˿콣֪ܲ
ؿڵİٵлܳԪ绢ȷɲǣҶ涯ˡ
һϿ󶴱ڣϸܵСɿֱ̤ڿǽϵɲǣ׷ǲ̤̤ɲǣһ콣ܲ
ʯ䲻ݷ֮ʣҶֱӴſ콣ܲͷԽ˶ǰ·лܡ
˲أ˹Ԫ绢͸лܡ
ǣҶĻҶ̫ˡ
Խлܵɲǣ쾧ϽǣҶͬһתɴлܡ
ոתӵлŭҶ棡
лôҶ쾧лܵʺ̹ȥ
ᣬлܵȷҶĻҪΣա
Ԫ绢׽һƸܵʬ壬һΣؽƷԪϾѾ˹
ǰл֮£лܼΪεӦԪ绢Ϯ
ߣңڣȫ㣬Ȼٲһݴ㣡
ڿ콣ܲ͵Ŀ£ҶɵԪָ쾧Ľһҷи
ͣ
֮ıڵ֧ľɽʯͬıе÷飬ĶڵĽ͵һ̮һƬ
ɽʯɳʱԪ绢лĶߡ
ɲǣҶ淢ԾԪ绢һ޴˿ڣҶüͷһӦǴ֮ǰȻԪ绢
ͬʱҶӲԶĻͨͨڿһӰΣƺЩ
μ죬ôĶһۡ
Ҷ棬Ҳڣ
ɲǣлԹŭ쳹
һĻÿ콣ܲĿɿڴ
鷢̫ˣ
תҲ̫ˣ
˵дô࣬ʵϴ·ڣҲϢĹⷭ츲صı仯һһ𾪣ÿ콣ܲڻЩ
Ҷֵܣлл㣡
ҪҶܲһѣԪ绢սģҲܲˡ
ҶЦЦߵ
лҲ̫ˣôΣգǾǣϧ˸ܣֱӾͱлܺιԪ绢֪ǾԲлܡ
˶񣬲ܲЩߵ˵𷽲ŵ顣
ϲܣ̫⡣
޻֮£ǾΪˣǵͬࡣ
ڣٰͽ޻֮£ΪˣǺԵ
ûлܾǸǾǣ治Ƕã콣ܲŭ
Ҷһɳʯγɵϲ̫񣬿ɱСôһɳʯ
ƽʱ˵龳ĴڣԪߵĴڣƾͿɢһֻؽƷ޵ʱôһѶ·ɳʯո
ߵĲǼҡ
лһߣƴ֮£սҲǼΪɹۡ
ǣؽƷޣǻ龳ĴҲüɵοխĿռڡ
ģߵĲԽԽл


Ҷ棬㣬ңҲˣ
Ҷ棬ңҴˣ
ȡ
ȻֹҶļʯ˿
һξȣ˵ıܡ
ڶپлԵҶ⡣
һûж֮Ҷ콣ܲСһɳʯʱǰһĻˡ
ؽƷԪ绢£ǳһ˿ڣһֻĿϹˣѪأʱš
лܵĴֱʧˣֻʣ°عԴڻڱߣӦǱԪ绢ֱӸԵˡ
ֲǻлܽеôңԭǱԪ绢ˡ
ǰɣлôƴҲܽһͷؽƷƴ˱ĳ̶Ȱɣ콣ܲһĳԾ
лûô
ôָܲ˱Ԫ绢ʵ
ҷſԪ绢һŵ˿ڣӦлһƴش˿̫ˣԪ绢Ѫ
ɽأ
˵ҲˣҲˡ
ȳȥɣߣ̫ΣˣҪٱһͷؽƷǾΣˡ
ã
˵ǣҶͷԪ绢ʬϣȻڳһ
Ҷ汾콣ܲƽܲҪ
Ҷ潫лĶ˲ֽܲԪ绢ܴߵĲȫ˲ܲǷɡ
صĵؽƷҶС
ؽƷֵߡ
ҪǱʦȥеصȵȸԪԪ龳ǻ龳ĴڣΪ
ֻ粻֮ͬЧҲǲͬ
ϴڴʱҶĽһ˽ƷԪ֮ޡ
ؽƷԪʡҶһĿûκ⣬ǰǣҶҵһλʦԪ
ΪȫƣҶܲ뿪˿󶴣ʱǽ󶴣Ѿʱˡ
ȥʱ죬ʱҶܲͳ˿󶴡
⣬ɫѾһֳҵΧȼŴ̱ǵϣѪζɢ
һˣżʵ⣬ζ磬ս˴Ҷܲɵʳָ󶯡
Ҷܴǿǳˡˣܸߴأӭ
ҶܲɫͬʱһҲһôѵҲ
Ҷܲ˳صĵ˵ͷ
أҶʵ
ٴһ˵һͷؽƷԪ绢ɽҼҾŵƴԪ绢˫˫ս
߽ˣǳ磬ѾԹˡһָԶ
λˣҰªȺȿǼϾͺãǼ˲ҩģԪ
ҵڵĵðĵҶͲܲæס
ӹʱһ˿ɻҶͷһ
⳵žɥ֮ʹܴɥ֮ʹ˳һЦݣ
ǰмڼӰƺ⳵Ϻ񰡡
㣬Ҳ̣Ҷ洵ţźȡ
Ź֣
Ϊʱ˿̣ҶһֺܹŹֵĸо
峤복ϴʱ϶ЦһЦݵĿҶܲҶܲϯˣվƺźҶǺƵġ
ҶҰ⣬ǾͽһЩɣ˾ͲúˡȰһ䣬ȰҶֱü
Ծ
峤Ƕ飬ҲԲ鵽ֵز
⣡
üͷһ壬Ҷͻʵˣлأôˣȥˣ
лҲǱأǰ˶ˣӿ󶴳󡭡
ЦǺǵĻشҶܲĿͬʱһ˿ɫ


113 
ҶܲһۣղĻͣһֻ֣Ϣ˽
ҶܲҪˣ복ϵЦݸʢ
Ҳһɲǣͻ
Ҷܲߵֱų복˹ȥеĳĴ̳
ͣ

Ҷɲǣ˳һʽ÷ѩ¶նܲĿ콣ѾóһƬӰ
䲻ͻȻϮ֮£ֵʱһ
ǳȻܵܣϻǶ˼˿ڡ
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ҶǸʲô
װҶЦ峤Ҫ룬ҽ͸ͷ
˲أǿװЦʧȡһ
ɫһ䣬ôܣôģ
ߣۿлܵʬ壬ȴ˵лˣйܲ˵
ԭˣûȷлܵû뵽ȻôҶлܵ䣬Ѿɣʵ
ҶĿ⿴˳һ˶ӣֵܵЦıġЦݣʵ̫ˡ
Ҷ治Ǿʹˣ̫ϧˣ
мԶ裬Ը£ңұ֤󣬾͸ǽҩóһҩƿջ
峤ôȷԶǣҶ濴һۿ콣ܲ˵
ѵ龳ڵĴڣӼʮԪˣԸҶһԪصСޣ龳Ტ𣿡ٴЦ
ճģҶڵӣɱ¸ǳ֮𣿡ܲ
֮
һЦôȥɢޣɽߣ㣬ĸߣֻ˵Ǽ⣬ΪƷɱҶ棬˭᲻ţ˭ֻỳǳң
Ǻǣ峤Һܺ棬ﵽ׳ʲôȻܹɥĲ񣡡Ҷ˵
Ǹ㲻ùܣڣֻңԸⲻԸԶ裿һеĶ衣
峤Ҫ˵أҶЦ
磬ٸϻɱɣ
Ը⣿Ǿ·һ
ɱ
ͬһɲǣҶŭһɳĽرӶһ÷Ľ˳
÷Ҳ
ɫһ䣬˫ȭһ÷ӶĻ÷顣
ҶĽ˿ͣ΢΢񣬺÷ѩк÷÷ӭʩչϺ÷⾳һʱ䣬Ȼ쳣Ҳһ˿⡣
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ÿһÿһʽ֮ڣ˳һȻ龳ڵΪȫı
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ҶɫҲú֣ء
ͻأҶһת쾧һķʽ𶯼䣬һɵıɫ·𾪺һųǿͷ¡
󶴿ڵʱ轵ոջð˲زһ˪
飡
ʢһ˲Ĺ򣬻һʮȭ
һʮȭһƬͬһת۶ϣӭҶֱıɫ
䣡
⻪䣬ȭҶıɫͬ飬Ҷıɫһ˪ĳ飬ȵ˼¡
Ҷ棬еҪǿĶ࣡һУӦǿĹɣҪǻһ龳ڵĴڣֻܵķݣ
ϧңΪѾﵽ龳ڵң죬ɣ
𣿡
Ҷһ࣬ôٽһԣ
أҶһ䣬Ԫӿ䣬ƺһһС磬Ҷ죬Ҷ֮ҶҲҶǣ£ת
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ҶԪһתͬʱҶ쾧һĹ켣
ֱ쾧ĹУȴʱ̵СȵתŹ켣ÿһתԪ

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ڣҶҲǿѧ˷ƽѣʧķƽ߶ѡ
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һҲֱӽҶ·ȫһȥһ㣬ҶԽزվ
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峤ĹǼܶصأˤ˸ķѵͬʱҲΧĳӵܵĿ⾪ͣ·𿴵˻þһ㡣
սҵĳ콣ܲҲһĻˣ
ԪصҶ棬Ȼնɱ龳ڵĳ
⡭Ҷֱһһεˢſ콣ܲĳ

ڱԵشĳӳԶ˻һ˻Ҳ˳
ܲսһɲǣԶˣҶǼһˣᣬ𣡡
죬찡
ĺȣóԶγѣŭһʮԪĳˣҶɱ˹

ҶЦһȷʵԪľˡ
ǣв͸ԪҺ
һȡԪҺһΣҶԺУʱ˲ʱǴĿ⣬Цݡ
һԪҺ븹ҶɺԵĵǾúһ㣡
Ԫ˲ؿʼָ
Ҷ棬
ոճĳԶȻֹһɳԪָóԶԴ˰գɱʼ
ֻҪǳĳߣͳͳҶһף
ЩΪԪصߣҶǰֻ䱻ɲ˿
Ϣ֮Ҷ콣ּܲл£˵ĳûĶʮųˣѾжԶӶԶˡ
Ҷ棬㡭̫̫̬ˡܲѾ벻ҶĴˡ
ҶЦЦһָ󶴣ܲ˵ϲܣǲӦ̽һ̽ﵽʲô
ȻóҪڸǣ


114 һ
Ҷ棬ΪʲôҪѰأҲıѾءӵڣ콣ܲʵ
ҪǿıܹһߣǳͲðôķɱˡҶ˵
˵콣ܲ۾
Ҷͷͬʱ콣ܲЩĿҪǲ²ʵǡ
Сʱ󣬵Ҷ콣ܲмߣһʯ֮۾˲ر⻪λˡ
龧
ȫλεƷ龧¶֣ʹһһ龧
ܲˣ
ҶҲλεƷ龧סˡ
ֲáҶ
һоʹ˽ˡ
ֲһ۵ͭ󣬾Ȼܹ˶ǵؽƷޣԭ߾Ȼһ龧
ֲұߵĿޱȽ٣ԭ޶м龧˹ȥ
ֲãҪɱڡ
һ龧ǹģС龧Ҳһʵڶʱ
龧ǿΪͻԪ֮ҪԴ֮һǸߵȼ߽ʱӲͨ
һʱ䣬ݺᣬҶܲ˿ٵھ¶Ʒ龧ûһĹÿ˾߰ʮƷ龧ʡ
ҲΪֹ¶Ʒ龧ˣҪһĿ󣬲ջ
Ҷ棬ȥߵĿһ£û龧
ܲȥߵĿҶڿ·ߵھʵʵڵĲƸÿһ龧ǧƽ롣
ңҶֱӶԪھٶȱ˺ö࣬ˣһ飬ҲҪʮϢҵʱ䡣
ҶڵúΪҶ֪һ£Ϊ̤龳֮д龧ĻΪٶȻܿġ
䣬ܲһΣ˵߿Ҳڳ龧Ǳˡ
һʱ
ʱ
ʱ
ھʮСʱ֮ջ߰ٶƷ龧֮ҶԪĴڣҲЩܲסˣȵƣ
žžž
ĹڿҶ漫ƣ͵ص쳣ĿŰ⻺̤ǸɢΣϢİߡ
ܺãĺܺã
֮ǰζ벻ɱһȻܷһ龧ǣôһѵĿ󹤸龧
̯̯֣ʵҪǲϢȥ㻹Զһʱ䣡ڿȻģǺܵġ
Ͼڳÿһ龧ҵģޣиڿǸһҲҵĺÿ󹤣۹
˾ȻЩƲסԵõЦ
˭
ҶĿΣյĹ⻪˾ȻǿɱԼġ
ǰüۣһ̫Σˡ
ȻϢĿһĿ󣬶ûκθоֻһܣǰΪ̫ˣĲ̫ˣ˿Ӧ
ҪȻϰԶĿע£ܻӦġ
˭
ЦʵӦúϤģΪһֱͷϣ
ӦǺ˵ģʦ𽻴ңϿһЩΪ֪ܣһ´һ£ҪȻϢбһʬˡ
ʦͷϣ
һӡ֤һҶԺл
սǬһսǬҶ澪һ

սǬҶ˴Ĵָ
Ǻ뽭ɱҵģ
ʦ䣬ҽеģ
߳ȼ䣬ӰһһƷ͵Ҷ
ܵģҶŲһսǬһƶգսǬ¶һ˿ɫ֮࣬ЦȴǸ
ãԪصΪȻܹҵĹܺã£ʲôˡ
ˣ㿴ʹʹĽϵܣȻȡһʹ
ǲƺĲҵĶַʣ㰧ҹٲأսǬĦȭƣһԾԾԵģ
ޣˣɲҪĴңҵΪûһ˿һӳĿܣǼϸڿǸҲɣ
˵䣬սǬ߶£ԪӦ˵ҵĲ
սǬһԪųɾŵĶתмżԪĻҶ漸ΪսǬǻ龳Ĵˡ
龳۷壿
ˣսǬ¶ʵҶ澪
Ǻǣʶͺã
ҵΪɲǳĻɫܱȵģĻɫһָͷͿһ
˵սǬٴһЦôѡ·ҵĿǺ޵ģ
սǬĴߴ٣ҶԺУ˾κˡ
Ҷû뵽峤Ϻ뽭ȻɥĲ˳̶ȣֱĵսǬɱ
սǬȻ޿ֱ֣Ӵҡڵɱ
Ȼ˿ûҶսǬԸʵžԵš
ôգ
ҲƽܹսǬһҶҪΪԪƽʱǲһشսǬҶ滹
¸ԪҺţȣҲһɲǼָĸɾԪ
Ǿֻˡ
Ҷ棬ǵˣ
ʮ
ţ
ˣ

ߴ֮£սǬЦſʼʼʱҲԽԽǿᣬԽԽֲҶ֮⡣
һ
ðɣʦ֣ҽҵõһֻһʹ죡һССҶ˵
ʲôǾ޿ܣ˵սǬü
ʮӣϣ͸ҵĸĸܹ꣬ҵ쾧ȫ㴦ãҶ˵
һҶƵĽսǬʱҲƽ
ãҴӦ㣬ӣһıأóɣ
սǬ˵Բ׳գ
ǶԶҶΪǿš
Ԫأֻ̤뻯龳龳۷壬ֱûпɱԡ
ԣһɲǣսǬ˾裬۰Ͱ͵ĶҶĴ
ҲһɲǣҶ洢Ϲ⻪һһηɰ׸ĽسҶС
óɲǣҶԪһͣһ֣˵ͺսǬ
ӭǣɲǣһＸʮ׵ͺսǬ
⣿
ӦսǬϵѪɫ˲ʾܵģˡ
ǣ죡
ηɰ׵죡
һսǬͷ䡣
˲أսǬⱬ˼¡
ҶԼԿµɲǣսǬιһ£ܿ˱һĲҾ磡
ˣ⻹Ƿ·жһ㾶ֱ¡
Ҷ濴սǬһ۴Ű磬ֱӱն£ܹģûһѪ
˲䣬սǬͽһҶսǬĶϼ紦ֱӱ˱ӡ
ʼսǬŰ
Ҷһ
ηɰս˴ֱɱһλ龳۷Ĵڣηɰ׵սжǿ
Ҫ֪ηɰ׸֮ҶǰҲòװСģֱȡһȥˡ
սǬҲ˵ã
ŭһԼһѪɲǣǲҲ顣
һսǬſӱȥϱ۶˲ü
Ҷ棬ңսǬû꣡
ڣսǬԹֱµ
ڶϱ֮ˣŰηɰ׵ǲˣ
׷ǲһ̤Ҷ漲׷ȥ


115 ãã
ߣսǬ󣡡
׷⣬Ҷ濴ҡҡλڿշߵսǬ޺޵߬ȭͷ
Ҷ浹սǬˣҪأκҶ治ɰ
ڵˣҶ
ҶôҲ벻һսǬĵһμ棬Ȼ¡
ҲսǬ˵ɲǾʱʼԶݡҪȻֻҪʣҶԥһηɰ׵
룬ҶãȻ峤Ϻ뽭ĶսǬɱôӦò洫
󶴣ڳҵԮ֮ǰǰȫġ
ԶʯӳǵĳңҪ֯Ա˹ҲԺ
·ϣҶǻʱ䡣
ǰЩĳˣҲܸϻʯӳǣ֯߸ϹСֶӣҲһĹ
仰˵Ҷ滹İȫʱá
ص󶴣콣ܲսǬµĶϱۣмɱߵĿ󶴷
ȻĶˡ
ϲܣ龧ɣ죬Ǿ͵뿪ˡԽ˼䣬Ҷֱ˵˵
ܲһ㣬漴ãξתһ
Ҷ滹ǲܲ˭û龧׵İռǸǲܵ顣
ûл龳۷ǻ꺣ĴһѾ¶龧ѹס
Ȼ޷ռ龧㣬ȡڵ龧ջģҲǱ˼ʮ궼׬ġ
߲ݵĿ֮ģѾҰ˲ĲܲҶͷˡ
ϲܣ˶ٿ飿Ҷʵ
࣬ӽǧ飬ٲɣҵĴأ
٣㣬ǧˣոսҵĴ
ǰ룬ⲻ߲ݵ죬ջģҶһõĴװˡ
ǰһܹЯƷһ׵ĴѾˬˣڲŷ֣̫Сˡ
ҪҶһõĴƷ龧ֻܴװˡ
ǧ飿ôܱҶһǧ飿죬˴ָԪһ۶ûϹܲԾ
㵱˯˰Ҷ˻е쾧
˼䣬ܲͻرЩɬһ龧ƾ׵ķ͸ǵĳңĺܲģ
ˣ
ҶЦϲܣ˭˵龧ҪˣߣҪЩ֪龧ڵļһãã
龧ȻҪɱڣ龧ҶԲгҵȥ
ͬģΪɱսǬҲ龧龧ջ󣬱˵ǶԵӵ
Ĵɣ龧ҲżҪĵλʵıϡ
ҶҶ϶սǬ֮󣬱ضٴɱ󶴣Զȡ龧ڵʱսǬһǰǰ˵ˡ
ޣҪô죬˵ȫģܲ˵
ãϲܣаʱãȻаʱ
һ֮ҶܲٵĲ
ȣҶܲ龧龧ڵô󿪣Ʒ龧¶˱棬ʼɢһּ㶨޵
ΣΪ˼ǿƷ龧ɢԱǿޡ
ҶܲÿڳʮƷ龧Ϊӵ˿ڣÿʮףһƷ龧
Ҷܲڱնɱʬ壬ȫһģжɼʮ顣
Ѫζ࣬Ҷβܲõǡ
ͷؽƷԪ绢ʬ壬Ҷܲϸķָֱڡ
ΪЩ˶ˣѪҺѾˣΪѪζٵɢҶܲˮ
һʱ䣬ڣѪ졣
ʱ֮ҶܲԻ˸ɾ·ڸǻѪζ֮󣬻һ򣬿ٵ뿪
뿪ǰҶܲſʬѪζʮͷͽɱһգЩ޵Ѫõضǡ
һʱ䣬ΪĵİﷶΧΪŨѪһ궯
龧ɢĺ㶨΢÷ԲڵһЩǿ޶궯
ͷţһͷͷƷ׸ǿޣ޵˷ſ󶴷
龧ߵıҲ޵Ķ
ҵԮҶԤʱ絽˰졣
Ҷܲ뿪һʱ֮λ˵Ǳ˵ĳڣųҽλϣͳ嵽˿󶴿ڡ
Կ⼸ʮ߳˵ʬ壬ǱһȴûʰǼ˿󶴡
ò˵ȥĳһϸˡ
ֿ龧ʱ򣬾ɳһŸʯӳǵţٴԮ
ԣҵԮűҶԤʱ˰졣
ڴҳϳ˿ģ˿龧
ǣţһ޺һͷҲ˿
һͷͷʮͷ
ûãľӢڼϮɥɥҶⰲµ塣
˻εŸյܵһսǬһ̰ĸӱ齻֯£һ󶴡
ΪҶ汨𣬻龧һˡ
ǣûãսǬһֵķҲƵĴӿӳ飬Ǳɫǿ׷Сϱһ㡣
Ҳˡ
սǬͷؽƷ޿׷
սǬڿնɲǣһͷͷһڹ⣬ЩûսǬк
쵰Ҷ棡˵̫̫ˡߵ·ϣսǬ׼Ťޱȵķŭ
ΪǿֲһĻ龧Եˣʦ뽭Ҳûٿܡ
ѾڳһƬϻ£ܲһһֲ޵ѳ
սǬȥʱЩǣĻץһ龧龧ڳ
һۿȥƷ͵ģǵؽƷޣһͷؽƷޡ
սǬĶӵʱҶܲѾ뿪ɽɽ˾ʯӳƽ
ϴȥ糾ˣһСƹڴԴȡ
ҶֵܣһΣǶ㣡Ҫ㣬ͽĴˣ
ܲһƣһֵܣ˵ˣȫھˣԺ£һɤӣȥû˵ģ
һյӣҶͬҲһˮڣֱһ·ָоȴǼΪˬġ
û˵ȫھˣҪϸ磬Ҳ罻ˡϸ磬Ժʲô㡣
㣿׼Ҹطչذɣôջ񣬵þתʵΪˣЩͼˡ
㷹֮Ҷ˲ַܲ˾¥Ʒžƣ۲Ŵ⣬ƽҶ滹Ҫ¡
ͻأλ˵ģסҶ档
˵ûʯӳǿңһҹ֮䣬ͬǺҸˣжȫȥڿ󣬸³Ҳܲҡ
ôܣǺܹ˵ģ
˭˵ܣ˵Ҹ֣ȫˣҲŸҶ֡˿ǲˣǸ桭
ߣҸƨǱӦǰ공ҿ̮ٶſ󹤣ҲһӶû⣬ҪӵĿŹ¸˳ȥ˵˼
Ϊʣá

Ҷţһ˿ҲʧˣѭӦˬ
ͻأƹ⣬һλһ¡縡͹Ůӣִɡ߹Ҷһæ׷ȥ


116 
ƽϣ·˼кЦĿβλֱֳɡ縡͹ŮȥҶ棬һֵģ
һЩЩ̵ҡҡͷһù֪ҪȻǶϸ첲ء
ֱֳɡĻƯƽˣÿ춼ҪűɡϽＸȦÿΣв֪ôĵͽǰڨ
õĴżӡëëŵֱ֣Ƕȶֵıӳ
Ҷһ·β棬սɲǣǰߵɫӰһһǱȴƿĳҶ档
̤׷ǲ̤һΣҶξͳ¹ǰߡ
ãܹɣ
ţ
¹ӰͣסתͷĿⶢҶ˫֡
ҶЩĿⶸһܣϾȻҲɴ棬ĿݣƾĽҲǼƯġ
ޣ
Ҷ漱æȡ˹ȥܷ״Ҳȡۼһԣ̧ͷҶ棿ֻ
νϰѰɣС
ɣν㽻Ĳ£һˡ߽ûһᣬܾͽҶһլ
С¾ԺƿԺ˵
СһҶüͷһ壬ͼ̤Ժڣߵһ䷿ǰż̤롣
飡
Ҷһ̤ɲǣżⶸһʹ·ʲôһ㣬һⶸرҶż鲻ѡ
£ҶˣĿ⿴ɴܡ
£˰ɣҾСһҲǿȷİȫܱ˵
ԣҶЦ
ܣǸСŮˣԼֹһ䣬ʱССıһ£Ŀײȥǲѡ
ǰεϣҶǷǳĺ档
εʲô𣿡
һֺܼҲЧķѣ󷨣ǶԵҪߣ̫õ𡣡˵
󣿡
ǰһֱµķֶΣΪ̤龳ȤҲܹѧϰǲ·ˡ˵
Ҷȴһ㣬ΪƺҲԪذɣ
˭˵ģ
һ״Ĺ첨ɢɢϢرޱǿ
ڣ
Ҷһ
ڵΪȻαװԪ۷Ĵڣǲڿӣڿ
߽¶ΪСΪʲô
Ϊǿ˾û˴ʰ龳ڵĴ̫ˡ
αװԪصΪ˴ʱΪ⣬ΪҲĻᱻʰңΪҸߵģҲᱻ͵Ϯҡ
Ҷһ⵹Ҳǡ
ⷨţƺѧϢϢҪϢѪʱĴʱ޷ˡ
һ˵һߵſڣ϶سһһ磬Ϲ⻪֮ʣһε϶ֳ
һգС¾ԳΡ
Ҷ磡
СͶһ˽ҶĻôɽϣ㶼ң
һ棬һͨıԹ
Ϊɽɽ֮õĹϵС¶Ҷ漫ס
ҶȴЩΡ
߰˸µʱ䲻С³øˮ鲻˵Ů粻˵ǰҲ͹ֱ˵Ҷ滳ǿǺ޹˼ɵҶ滳ĦϸܿţβŹ֡
ȥ˸񣬲أô
ãܽҺܺã˲ҳţ
ҲΪãѾˮڵΧˡ
Ҳǲ¸ηɰ׿зСⲻ٣һˮڣеĳ޾ͱȼ
Ҷ磬ʲôʱߣʦ˵ˣֻҪ£ҵΪͿͻͽò˶ãҾͿԱˡСµ鶸رȻ
Ҹһ˵
ʱηɰ׽ҶһԿεĽӦİ֣żΪǰΪĳԭɽϿһʱ䣬ĵμΪϤҶ淲
ֻԶԶƽɽɽɽɽƵɽϿȵı棬ȻٴӱŻɽѪϿ˵
ɽϿȴһս֮Ķ࣬ɽѪϿ㡣
һ·úΣաƵɽϿȵı棬һ·Ҫܹޣпɻˣ
ɽУ˿ɱΣա
һ£ҶֵǰɽϿȵĵ·ǲǶˮڵ˷ˣ
ҶܼȻ˵·ͨǿ϶ԭˡ
û
ҴǰˣɽѪϿСˮڵҺšתڣˮڵšΪ龳ľӶࡣ
һ£ֵǽɽѪϿҲʲô⣬ҪɽѪϿ£˵һʱ䣬ǰ;Բܾˮڵˡ
۰ֻ֮ܰķжû취Ҫǰˮڵˣ԰첻ɲ˵ɱ֮
ʲôʱҶʵ
ɣ·̫գΪһҪƼ׷á˵
ã
ҶһڴӦ
⼸񾭱̫̫ۣҶҲҪúϢһ£⼸սãҶҲҪĵúõķ˼
ҹŮԭҶ˲
ۣоͷ˯ţҶ滹Ǽϥ
ÿʱԲ١
תһԪǰƿ򿪵浤ÿһӣҶһҩƿоͻɳһ浤ҶУ˲븹Уɹҩɢ
ҶǴ߶һԪҩҩתΪԪΪ
һӺһ浤ҶС
㣬һʱҶĵʮ浤
˿϶ҶڳԵҩڳӡ
һ浤ֵǧӣʮţһǧӣ治һתġ
Ϊ൱Եġ
ҶоΪѾԪ۷忿ˡ
˵ˣô浤ȥΪûˡ
ںܶŵһĵ浤ûҶһĵ浤ࡣ
ҶϷֱɴͺɴС̤СԺ뿪ƽ
Ȼ뿪ʱٲЩ˵ָָ㣬һЩкһĽĿҶ㡣
С̫ţˣô椶ܽ
⻰ʱܵһڣҪҶһѣǸкһҪɵˡ
뿪ƽһ·ֱɽɽ׼бɽִɽѪϿŻҵطɽѪϿСɴС
ˮڵɽ
ȱһĿĳ˳ĳžңһϲ⡣
ڵĳһЦ⣬Ϊ۾ǸڿԭһôôǸһʯ֡
˵̽Ҷˣ
ھˮų̫ƽ˵ͷû鱨ȴΣ
Σ
ǰǲûд̽Ҷ٣⽫鱨͸ǵģ
ô˵ҶһҪɱ쵰ȭͷ߬
鱨˵ҶٻʯӳһҲпܡģԼɡ
ã
ӹ鱨һһɳ֮ʣʯӳǵķȥ
СЩɴ⡭̫ƽЩϵ
뿪һӰشӳ̫ƽ֣ҪҪЭ
ˣ
̫ƽҡҡͷҶѾΪϣɱƵϡ
ˣص鱨˭ģ
Ҿãпڵˣҵλ̫͡
Ϊʲô
Ҷȥʯӳص飬֪
Ҳǡ

ڶڣһķߺޡ
ҶҲ̫ɺˣȻֱ˲˵˶ʦܵһۣߣηɰˣȻҶֻĶ
߷ߵ˼䣬뽭ӧʦҪװְɣ
뽭ҡҡͷɣηɰһ쵽ǣңԲ֣ܳ
ô죿
ˣѲɽ¹øҶ棬ܡ
԰꣡£Ѿ˰š
ʦʲôţ
赶ɱ˶ѣ
һЦ뽭ϧϧ赶ɱ˵ķʩչЩˣҪȻ


117 Ԫ
ɽɽУޣԽ룬ԽУƷҲԽߡ
ҲҿУҪȻƾҶ棬һ·üѣҶǰɽ֮
һ·ϣҶܹ˺ܶΣգܵķ󣬿Ƿӳ˼á
ȻСҲһӽԪصΪȻ޷ԸǿһޣжϣȫҶǡ
ˣ£ǵͼϵľ£һƬ£ͽɽ棬ɽ棬˳ûҪСˡָŵͼ˵
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122 նɱ
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123 
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ͬʱɽۿ񱼵Ҷ棬ҲԶԶĿ˺µһӰ
ˮڵԮ𣿻˭أ
˭һΣҶҪһ̹ĵĽѵߣ˭׷ɽء
һɲǣҶ͵һɽУ˫ϸ͸˵Ĺ⻪


124 ı
ݣ
һ龯ѶشɽɽɳըһƯĹ⻨þòɢ
ǾѶûãĳһͷ
ǰ龰ó˫ֹסĲôģǸ˵ҪСô飬Ǳɱˣ
һݵأ˵ʬ壬еʬ壬˺أеģֱȱ˰ӣм޵ʬ塣
ģƺǱ޵ͻȻϮȻȫ
ʦ֣ǿǵȷ⣬˲Ϣʱ͸ˣ֮󣬾ӡ
ˮܳ鼫ȵΣȻųϵĳƺţ洫ּ֮ӵĳǰһλûС
ˣһĹ׷ɱˣ˱ɵˣôµģޣɱҲӲ𣿡ŭȡ
ʦ֣һʦܵϣһǳĽۣϴηֵĽۣһģһܳϽһ䡣
һ֮£ʱҧÿ죺Ҷ棬Ҷ쵰ޣ͵Ϯ
ʦ֣˿һޱʦǣҲҶĵܳϹ˵
Ҷ棬Ҫ׽㣡ȭͷ߬죬
ΪһʣµˣֳӦҾͲţʮ˵Ķ飬Ҷҹ
ѣϷֶӸѣҶȻܹǣǿ϶Զ˵ڸ
ܳϣҶˣҪеˣʣץŭ
˶ӵʧó۵òˡ
׷ٵĵӣ඼ˮڵŵӣЩȫˮڵδһĹ򣬾Ͳһʮ˸
óʹģɽѪϿ߱ɱ龳۷ĵӡǼλȫˮڵ׼洫
ͻƵ龳Ϊѣ֮ڣ֮Уٻһ˳ΪͻƳΪ洫ӡ
ˮһλδ洫ǰˡ
۰
ÿһλӵʧڸͷⰡ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣѾˮڵĻҵĻҵΪԺӳиҵûκ⡣
ˮڵδİ
һɲǣ۵˫Ŀҫ۵ǳһ㣬Ŀޡ
ڵͿշеʱֻҪû赲ĵط˺֣Ǽ۵ӲݣǼѪֱܷ
Уһֻֻ̬޴ӳĿһһĿһڲݴмŤǰеĻӰһ
ǣԲʮķΧȫѰһ飬ȴһӰûѵ
쵰صһӵĹԪصߣ죬ҲܲⷽԲʮķΧôҲأ
У˼ЩаٴڷԲʮﷶΧϸ
һΣɵøͣøϸ
ʮ⣬һӰ֮һʱҶģ
ĨһѶͷ亹Ҷзɱһ߷ɱһϸɽѰſܶԼϢ
ûˮȫû׷ɱ飬ȫҶ涯֡
Ҫǿɽеްæ
Ҷ֪̽˸ڵޣСĵѪʳˮ׷ɱıؾ֮ء
Ȼˮڵ޴սʱ򣬿ٵ͵Ϯɱ
ˮÿ֧׷ɱϵܽܣҶʱ̡ܶ
񷽲ţɱһ֧ˮڵ׷ɱ飬ҶӳԶľѶͷա
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ڳһֱڸ߿ѰԭҶеѡһֱ֮ǰУտĵط̫Σˡ
УҶһֱϸţֱһпܰԼء
ֵܣİɣأûһҴǣȫأ
ȫҪǵʳɱأ
ȥͣ춼ɣʳ˼һһԸأ
Уֻ˿ССĽ̸š

Ҷɫһ䣬һת뿪
һ꣬ǵؽƷޣսǿǿֲĵؽƷޡ
ҪǣշУٶȼ죬սƷҪߡ
ؽƷܹؽƷ޵սҶһ¶Ųס군ˡ
ԣ֪أҶǴжԶܶԶ
ͻأֻ˿С̸ȴҶĽŲһ١
Ǹʳǲ񣬵Ǳץȥĺӵʳأ
˵һ壬СͿʼץһЩݵС޸׻ʳ׻սҪĻûɶ˺ݵģѡ񰡡һֻ˿С˵
ѽɲǣֻ̣Ҫǽǡ
ֻ̡ϢʱҶĽŲζס
Ҷոյõһͨ£ǵõһֻ껢С
⵱еջ̫ˣ
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Ĵ󣬳ѨҲǼΪԡ
ûãҶǧһϣʯĻѨ
Ѩڣһֻ峤׵ư׻ư쵵ڶŪֻ峤ֻƵС̡
Կ̵߲ǾԴ
ϸĵȴ˽һʱ֮Ҷ;͵׻˼
粽벻˵Ҷ͵ˣҲܹӳ׷ɱҪҶڵٶ̫ˡ
ֻҪ׷һζҪҶС
ͻأֺ󷽣ϸܵĲҶ
Ҷңңȥͼͻ׷⴦ϸҶټ
У뿪ˡ

Ҷ涯ɲǣһ𣬶С͵޴ɫֻһڿնԶɭ֡
ȥʳˣ
ʯ䣬һðաпһõ⣬ҶԺС
ʱȣûжκοǣҶξǴһ䣬׷ǲֱչȫٵǧĻѨ
׷ǲֱȫʩչ֮£һܿԽףʮ䣬Ҷ嵽˻Ѩǰ
𡭡
ֻҶͺҶУȴһ˼
費ڼң
ٹ㡭
ǺһЦҶԳ棬ͽһֻ׻׽˻һֻ׻ĳҶ˻ʱҶһѸٵĻûһͷħ
һɲǣħһչᣬڿն𣬴Ͽռӹ˳ǰķ
ħķٶȺܿ죬ʮϢĹ򣬾ͷɹ˽ʮľ룬ٵĳͷ
ণ
Ҷûħ񷢳һħе
·ħĳʱһһֻʱˡ
ħǽɶ۵֮һҲʹ޵֮һ
£ħֻҪħͻնɱйޡ
һУóĿʱɨգһֻͨħʱɱǲƵӿ
ಣ
ͬʱһ׺壬еħе䣬ٵ˳
ܵģν

ͻأһĻóһգס׺塣
סɲǣһ㣬漴ϲ
̣
ȻܹһֻؽƷ̣Ҳ̫˰ɣ֪׻ֵĳ̲סĿЦ
⼸ĵˡ
𡭡ء
о쳣׻̲סؽ
ͬʱһǡ̺޾ŭĻХʮա
𣡡
Хɲǣе׻ĵͺŻӦ


125 ȫû

أ
Ͽգ׻ȻֻͬХ˷ĺӦ
ֻ׻ХХ˼ȵŭ
Хһ𣬷Բ޾
ĸŭХɫ䡣
׻ɲǣĴַɿȥͽ׻͸ʵʵҲһ˿
ͬʱڿն׻ʹԶ롣
ݣ
һӰһּԽٵ˹м䣬Ȼÿˡ

ŻңԶĻХƺһӾͳ嵽˶ڣһֲϮոڿնĳͱײôյȥ
ϣ
ס֮󣬳ϵƷˢسʣʮ׵Ľ˲
һһޣмҵս
սʱ򣬱ԭҶ棬ѾһȦƵѨ󷽡
Ѩڣһֻ׻űʯ۾ĿԶգܷƾ۽ԾԾɵĸо
׼ʱҶһס׻͡
ֻ˿ûзͱҶˡ
һ֣ҶͽǰɽʱζĲ֭Ϳ׻Լϡ
ȫ¶ɢŨٲζʱҶȫչĵɽûĿ
Ҷһ뷨жԶܶԶ
ڳ׻ս֮ǰܵԽԶԽȫ
ڳһֻΪʧӶƴĸǰֲ˺á
Ҷȫ񱼵ʱ򣬳Ҳڽһս
ⳡս֮ħҪռ֡
ϴ֮󣬳Ϊϵָ⣬ᣬѾ군ˡ
ŵɽУսΧǧڣľɽʯȵһУ·һĵֺһ㣬ȫƽˡ
ĸӵ´ϣִϴ򵽵¡
ʱȫǽ˵ĸڳʮĵطƷţͳĻХʱ׼ϮҶ档
ĸĸıһɼǵƲͣķâ
ĸǿǳĽȴ˿޷ϡ
ĸˣҲòȥ
ؿһɼǵצˣһצҪ
Ҫϵ͸һƷ׻һצߵĸΡ
ˣƷףҲһצ֮¡
ò˵ĸܷ񣬼ƴ򷨡
׻ջ̫󣬳з뷨ˡ
׻һɳ̫ˣˮڵҲ󵽿ֲǸˮһλųϰĴڡ
һһֶţĸ޷ԼУǳҲ޷׻롣
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ͻأˮܳϵʱ򣬾ͷ·֮һ㡣
ûϢܳϴʮӵ˳
ʦ֣ǡĸܳҲǼȵĽš
ŵֻ׻뿪жԶ߶ԶԺ͸Ϲȥǻϣ
סҲֻ׻⣡
ʦַģܳϽӹ׻תߡ
𣡡
׻ߣĸһ˵ĻХһеܳϣ׼ĳһˡ
һʱ䣬ĸһһĹ˾ǶԳ˺޷ƿأȥԼĻ̡
׻ܳϵʧĸеɲǣĸطһһʵľ춯صĻХ

һһĻХУ޾ϯԪһХУ۳һۿɼĹĸڡ
ۿɼأĸͿʼٵı峤˲ױ˽ʮף
ӿĸڵԪԽԽ࣬һĸĶͷƣҲʼٵĻָ
ĸϢԽԽֲԽԽˡ
һĻó˲ųOΡ
ҲУؿھȻͻƷףͻƳˣ
𾪵ɲǣĵһӦǳܳһ˳˵ķȥ
Ʒ׸ߴؽƷĿֲޣϴħҪһףսֱƼ亱ޡ
ǳתܵɲǣ׻ûȫɵĸҲ𣬼ٵܳϵ뿪ķ
ٶȣ쵽˼㡣
ڻûȫɽڵԪϳһĹ

Х𣬸ոܳʮܳתͷɲǣͿƿն
ϸոһ˿֮ɫʱܳϵ壬ͱһзָ飬ܳһʮˮߣҲһɲǵĹȫ⡣
ڳǵǰܳϵһΪҲ龳ڵˮߣ͸ֽһ޶
׻»صʱǰתߵĳŸϵܳϵ˵ʬϿա
һصʬɲǣʱһ¡
иϵֱӴ׻ߣû뵽ٶȾȻ쵽˿ֲĳ̶ȡ
ķٻҪһ
ҵǣ׻ҲͲôںóɿ롣
ܿģ֮󣬴ʧõ̻صѨٴηһ춯صĻХͷ
һһֻһֻ̲ˡ
˼ϢҲϢ˲ؾͱˣһһľ춯صĻХ
ԲĴСֱ࣬꣬ӱХ಻ۡ
ʮϢųʧķ׷˹ȥ
ܵΪһֻҲǱ͵ߵġ
Զոշɳ˰ޱƵĳͷԶһȻŭɱ˹
𣡡
ʮ⣬һǹˣֱӽƷһͷ
ǺԥģһһǬѪݷѪըɲǣڱԪ硣
ݣ
һצͽԭصĲӰ˺÷飬һѪ˲ʧ

ٴη쳹صĻХԲڣ޷أ
Զʱ̱ܳһŴϢҶ棬Ҳһ춯صĻХɷ˵һͨ񱼡
һܣһ߽ͬĲ֭Ĩ׻ϣС֮ܡ
ֿ˺üʱû׷Ҷһ
һҶ棬ͻغܺ棬ôˣ
ҶֹʱΪһζǬѪݷñԪɫȲ԰סɽ˵ĳһոշصˮڵӵĻر
أܳһ֮⣬ϴʮأҶأûҵ
һӣһ׷ʡ
ˮڵӣȴǲҿڣڳ׷£ôſǻششʦ֣ǣȫˣ
֪ãһֻ˲ϢĹʦֵǾͱʬãֻһ첲
ۣ
جģһѪ͵
ް
Լһʱ̰ģΪһֻ׻ȻŵľӢȫû
Ҫǣ׻ûе֣
״źĵæȥ
ʵ⻹ģ
պ֪ħҶûģֻ׻ҶӸģ֪θ룿


126 Ѫ֮
ˮϿյĴսڳһһҹ֮ˮ峤϶͸
Ȼ͸ûҪˮ峤ϵҪȻսͻῪʼҲˮ峤ˡ
͸ηɰġ
Ź澭һ֮⣬ˣ඼ƾСˮЩܽڿ⣬Ҳûеġ
ս֮ʱˮڵɽű澭һƸĨƽˣȻûʲôҲݺݵɨˮڵ档
ҲڶԽԽſˮڵһ档
˵˼䲻۲ĳ滰֮˫ձǣսûн
ηɰ׷·мһ㣬ֱˮɽǰ˽
һʱʱĻգˮڵһ˸ҳţˮų̫ƽ޷һ뿪ˮڣȺ鼤ߣ
ţɣǼȥɱɲһֲסţҲ̫ˣˮ߳ʯŭ
̫ƽȴɫȻĻ˻֣ȥɣ졣
ȻֻɲηɰһţŹ澭ϢȴĴд
š
ˣκΣȰɣȱɹ֮ʱˮȫ֮ʱ̫ƽ˵
ˮΪηɰ׶ŵʱ̣ҶѾ̤ɽɽ
ʱҶ棬һС䣬һֲ·һԷĴ硣
Ҷɲ֪ˮȫڳòСġ
Ԫ龳ڵģҶ滹ܶԸ龳۷ĴڣҶֻӵˡ
Ϊ̫͡
ҶΪܹ龳ƾҶ似龳ڵģҲƴһƴ
ɽѪϿлõʲôͨһ˵£ҶҲãˣҲ͸˲ˡ

һ԰èҶ汳ﴫһë׵СԴǣĽ
ʱֵ𣿡
һƧ˵ĵطҶ汧Ѿ׻ĿĶ׻ӣҧָѪҶʳָٵĻ
ϢһѪӡҶ󴦣ָ⻮Ѫӿ׻쳤ͷҶѪ
ӿѪӿ䣬Ҷ󴦵ķһһġ
ʮϢ֮󴦵ѪѪ׻ɸɾʱҶ׻δ촽
׻ʯӣһĸоطͷָоһ㡣
ƺ˵׻һ㡣
ֽĸоҶﲻͬҶܹǵģһѪֽУȴ˫ġ
ֽоֻһ˲жˡ
ʮ졭ֽһѪӽ䣬׻һ˹ȥ
ҲǸոճܵµԵʰɣһ죬ֻ׻ȴ뿪ıˣһкóԵģͺ˷ܡ
Ҷ淽õǰͨϵѪ֮
ͨУǵõ֮ѱޡ
һӡǿĿ֮ͨͬūһָĴģޱȵ˳ȱ
ʩչҪ꺣ΪҲû龳۷ΪҶȻʩչˡ
ڶӡӡԲָǿǵӦ֣ԵΪǿӡ棬Ҫʩչ
ҶֻʩչѪ֮ѪѪѪιʮ죬Ѫ֮֮Ĺͨ
ֻǹͨ޷ӡһūͰĿƣѪ֮޻ᱣ̶ϵҰԡ
ҶΨһѡҲҶϲѡ
һܰͣҶ滹治̫ϲ
Ҷͨµıǣֻǧ·һСҵ˵Ⱥܡ
һģηɰס
Ҷ浣ĵǣС»ûתһֱڻԡ
ܼҶʱһ۾ʱſ
ν˵ûҶȻڼʮ׷֮£ӳ
٣˵ǰɽ֮ģ
ʹɣɽ֮˭ţҶ濪Ц
һԵηɰԣͻ˵ҲҶɽ֮
ν㡭
鱨׷ɱǵʮλˮߣΪ͵ڣߵڣЩˣѾȫսɽɽУ

ͬʱ׷ɱĻˮ֮ӳҲ˴ˣ
ηɰ׻˵ţȴԽԽԾ
ôܣôģ
٣һѾյġ
Ҷص˵һ£׻óʱǴȵģʱܾˡ
죬ÿɰСè䣬
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ˣ
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㲻һֱѧ͸ˣΪķţҲһˣ
ž
һޣһȥԶԶģܵ˹Ҷ棬лᵽ۹һҪҡ
һĻηɰһ㣬Ҷ˵ߺûСͰż죬ͽܹⰡ
ؼģΪķţýҪ˺üζûңû뵽ȸ㣡
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򵥣ʵð
˵䣬ηɰֽؼӻҶ棬Ϣ
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Ӱ
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ûãηɰһһŻԵСҶֱڡ
һ·ģҶҲ֪ڴս飬ҶĵģȴСºı仯
νϰСʲôʱѣ
͸֧ȥּҺ˯ʮģͲˡҲû뵽ɴµľȻһܹеͨ
ҲҿȥˣҪȻСѹûܲ˴ͨСԴһˡ
ҲСӼ˴ˣȻ׼һͨ
ͨô£
Ϊ̤һһͨ츳ѪΪ壬ѪͨЩϣȫһϣ޷ɾͨ
ˮڵų̫ƽҲһϣΪûɾͨǰڴսű۸ġ
ǴˣЩǳ̫ƽûеͨȴˣҶЩĴЦ
ηɰȴǸҶ涵ͷһˮ
ߣСӿɱͷˣͰͨǸǻ˵أ
ΪʲôҶı鶸ؽס


127 
Ϊ͵ǰͨ
ɴµĴһͨΪС޷ܵԭǸԷһ룬ˡ
ͨΪͻƵ꺣кܴƣĸպΪﵽ꺣۷忪ʼ֮ʱٵĵһ⣬ǲͨ
ͨѾǳѣһȱİͨϼѣҲպĽᱻĿͨ϶޷ǻˣ
˵ͨǸǻÿ컯Ϊֹڻ龳ǻ꺣ͨǺ¡ܹǾǻˡ
ηɰеľɥûгҶϣҶϸǣǸˡ
νϰ⻰˵ˣҿͨȫǸһûУҶüɫ˵
ޣô˵
㿴պ޷ӵͨĸ˰ɣ
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Ϊʲô
Ϊ⽣ͨԼɾ͵ģǴжԼûӦĸ֪
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ҶͷȴΪȻǵõڵıԴ˵ҲһҲûɶϵηɰ׽ĻȴҶͷ
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ԣҶֱˡ
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Ҷһ㣬Ŀٴɨ쾧ĸ
ϲҶһɨ
ȫע쾧ϵɲǣһ쾧ظߣƮ
һ֮ɣ


131 սǬ֮ŭ
Ҷһ֮ɵڲЩĿУҶ뿪Ů塣
һΣǰǰҶŮס˿֮á
Ҷ֮ĸҲڷš
Ȼ˭û˵ڣ˫˭ס
ƽĥ㺼ŨŨ
ԵϲΣҶñǺã˿˵Ŀ⣬Ź澭ˣԭ
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Ǵǰɼ¼Ǵ¼ĶƣʶҪץΪ
ǿˣſӵи࣬ػԼС
Ҷ濰Ѫ츳ÿձ浤ΪٶҶǺ
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Ҷãնɱޣܻ춯
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ҶΪĵһ뷨ǳѰϢŻնɱޡ
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ڶΪĵ·ǿҩø߼ĵҩ
ԪΪĵҩ࣬浤⣬͵ľԪˡ
һڴȣҶõǿ˽ƷԪʡҶ޵ʱ䡣
С´֮УҲջ˲١
ȻƷ޳ĻСǿŵؽƷԪ绢֮⣬Ҷ滹˵ؽƷһţ˽Ʒţ˽Ʒš
ԪҪĲϣҶȥʦ֣ƳԪԹԼΪ
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Ҷڣʹȥˮǡ
ܹǼȫԪҶΪܹͻͽ
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һǰҶҲǵеһԱʱҶ棬ǡ֪ЩŵлּҶ档
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ҪҶ츳Ѫֻԭ򣬿ѾȡΪڵһš
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㾴һߣҾһɣңұش
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̧ȥһսǬ˦һյܴŴ߼䣬ĿĶҶ档
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ŭĻ棬ʱսǬӡ
գսǬǱҶȥһۣȥ˴򣬺˼ˣȥ̽龧ֱҶĲһΣû
սǬҶȴǺ޵ǣ
ߣ巢֮ڸĸϱ֮ۡұʮٱֻЩˣұضնáǣܽҡͷ֮ޣ
սǬҶһһٵ˵
ɱߣ˺ɱ֮ҪԴˣһԴϡͱ͸Ҷ粽á
ܺãܺã
սǬҧ˵ͷºŴȣʮһսʱһԸһ㣬ֲȻԴš
սǬĿŨŨ֮Ϯ
ûһԸһһԸ㣡ʱϣԴ첲Ӳɱٱһնඣ
˵꣬ҶƮȻȥ
սǬһر࣬ʣĶȭ߬ýģյܲͣĻζš
ܱߵĵȴǾˡ
һʦֵۣȻǱҶҶʦָնϵģ˵Ҷʦֵʵ
һˣ˵ĿʱȻ
ŴڣսǬߵһλִǰŭȵ峤֮ȡǬʯ뾳ƣ


132 ս
ˮԼһǧ·Բ¡ηɰǵķٶȣòʱܸϵ
¹ʱ֮ɴء
ֵҶһˮǸ·ȻһƥҶ滹Ǹһ·̣ڶŸϵˮǡ
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Сè̫СˣŮ£ÿ춼гԪιʳÿ컹дѵѪԪԡ
͵ǿ쭵һףɢϢҲﵽ˽Ʒ̫ˡ
Ҷһ£ضҶ档
׵ĸ߶ÿ׵ٶȣҶ沽ٶȲࡣ
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£׻СèҪ꣬Ϊߵͺ󣬳ɳٶȣ͵ÿߵĹˡ
Ҷڹ׻ĸԴڹܹһ롣
仰˵СèҪϴóٻһꡣ
׻Сèͨ飬ȴηɰ̾˵ѹûмͨޡ
Ҷ濴Ҳ׻˲µҺǵԵʡ
ϾµҺ꺣ĴܣΪϡı
˵һǧ·һʱ䣬Ҳ׻Сèôһйϵ
ˣ̫ףһûɳˡ
Ҷһŵı䣬׻Сèһٶﱳ
ˮΪˮĵ۶䷱ǲö˵
ſڣȴǵ̶ӡƽ˳ĳӡ
ҶȴڴڣŵӵһʾʹһרֱͨӽǣȻ˰Ҳû˸Ҷյġ
ʵϣһΪڵŵӣ͵ͬڹˡ
Ҷǵһ£ȻȥںˮǵĺˮҵϱȹҸš
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ڵĺˮںˮǵϱߣͬϳǵĻʹͬһֱϣţҲ޵ʹߡ
ںˮڵĵλɴ˿ɼһߡ
ڸصĵҪþǾӪڵĸҵ۵ҩƣչżȱʣ⣬߽ڵṩʳޡ
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һͷ߳ӣҶüͷ
Ҳסޣҵϣ
˭ŻţҰϣΪͼİǺˮĻӼϣҲͨ
ִһӣҪҶĴͨ󻹱һ䣬ģ俴ȥҲС
ġ
ȥȥȥ˵ߵǼǣ˰
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ʲôҲ¸ŶȵȣʲôҶ汨֣ͻִɫһ䡣
ͬʱڣһλ˺һλͬʱӭ˳
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۽磬ֺһЩ߲ӣ⼸˵ǰźˡ
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ǣ
ҲǸˣЦ˼ҶǰҶҶ汳ҲҪж¡
⣬ܾģాʮ꣬Ϊǿ̤ڣ˸ִλӣͼˣһӪЩˡ
ҶɫЩأİΪҶҶһ䡣
ûУ
Ҷҡͷ룬Ҳץ޵Ļպ󣬻᲻ִһģ
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Ҷ棬ĵǼǣ㻹ǵһˮǰɣҶ桢ϡ
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٣ã
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ҲˣһֱһսУһֱ̫ʣ֮УҶʦֿɷͽһ
⼸仰˵üΪί̬ŵúܵ͡
Ҷˣ˼˵Ҷûκζ⣬ֻǴҶһս
Ҷ˼ģΪڴĿҶ档
Ϣ֮Ҷᶨҡҡͷ
ǰϣҲΪʧ
ʦܣд裬ұذܣ
ҶĻشϸӵȻʧܾȻ̹Ȼ
ǣƴɣҶ˵
仰ȴǰһϸӾ
ǰһ仹֮УϾ˵Ϊ޴󣬵Ǻһ䣬Щ˼ˣһŵģ
Ҷ˵ƴ֮£ܣţǱɣʵԽܣ
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һȻ۾д˲ţҶ˵üΪֲţ뵱սҶ֤ˡ
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£ҶĵһҪһУΪΪҪ
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ã˸ĵؽƷޡ
õ𰸣һҪҶشɱһͷؽƷޣǾܾǵĴˡ
ҪƵؽƷԪˮǣΨкˮܹƣ


133 ˮ
ƾŵϸ̣Ҷ˳̤˺ˮ̻Ի͵ĸۡˮĻᡣ
ò˵ˮΪˮһˣǵλֱȼ
Ҷʱۡſһӣ˵ȫҪˮġ
ڸſڵ۾̧ñͷߣʮĴȥ۾գһµġ
ɴ˿ɼǿʦжôĳ㡣
Ϊṳ̂龳ҶҲûκҪѧȤ
ҶĿߵøԶ۳ݺ֮䣬ڡ
ռôʱ飬ҶǾԲġ
ںˮӷĴ£ȹͤһӣŵ˸ۡһԺɢŨŨҩľǰ

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ˮӦǸӦҶΪҶĵҩƷײ̫ߣдһ˵
ǰСҪƵǵؽƷƷԪֻеؽƷƷ
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ˮЩĿҶһۣؽƷѾΪˣÿһţߵΪȵ龳ߡ
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ؽƷԪƷߣҩģңϷܸˡ
ؽƷԪҩҪٿƷ龧ؽƷԪһʮƷ龧ˮ˼۸
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬ļ۸񣬺ܸߡ
һŵؽƷԪֹãҪһٿƷ龧൱ڶʮƽ𣬰ˡ
۸񣬻ҶĳܷΧ֮ڣٸߵ㣬ҶҲ
ԴⶫΪģȴɶôûС
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СӣһᣡֻҪĻѣҲǿˮϷһ룬ĿڻѪһͨϷ
ˮ˵
ԣҶͷһʱЦ˵ҪҪô˵飡


134 о
ߣҪҪһأǣ
һҶ˿ˮǼеĿ⣬תߣû˿ԥ
ĺˮ飬رˡ
Ǿ˲תŭ
ҶĻѡѪ͸ҶһĻᣬѾҶĶˡ
Դ֮˶ֻҪҪĪǾϲ
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ҪԭǻҩģҪ޻Ųܲ
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ˮЩǰ͸һ㣬һ仰ܾǵǰ;
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λӸȴǻδţĿĶŽнԶҶ棬СӣҶǣ治㣡


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Щɾ͵ʦһţƳġ
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պͻƿΪˣҪĵҩʱҶֻȥЩʦ
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һ˽ƷԪм۸ߴһǧƽŸߴƽ𣬻ме֡
ҶĵļֵҲǧƽ
Ҷ׬ġ
ıʦĴҶҲȥʦ
໨Ӷѣʦ˭Ը˭ȥ
ڣ׻СèϢԵıһء
ڵһ֮Сè̷˽Ʒĺ
ھھ죬Ϊ׵ȶԪ۷֮ҶȴûдӾ߳Ǽ
Ҷ׼һͻ龳
뿪֮ǰҶ͸»ηɰ̹йͻ龳⡣
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ʮߣоΪѪ츳ºԴȱԪ
ʣµһԪߣųϣ龳
龳Ԫͬ
ԪǰֻҪܹŪԴԴӲ֮£ܽΪѻԪ
龳ȴûܡ
ЩˣŬһӣҲ޷Ӧ޴ڵԪ
һЩ޷ͻƵ龳ˣʱͻ֮ͻؾĪͻˡ
һ㣬¸ηɰ׵˵ǳһ£
ΪͻƵ龳ص㡪ǿ
С޷츳ѪߣǾ޷ͻƵ龳ġ
ǿߣͻƵ龳׾ٵ顣
£꺣µߣѿóǿ
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һɲǣҶһ
䣡
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ͬһʱ̣Ҷ澲Աļˣһ
ǺˮİϣҲԪľҲ۾


138 ŵĴ
⣬侲˭ôô󶯾
ִܴһ侲Ҷ澲ϿһСĵԪһ
ʱҹʱ֣߶ҶԪʱľҲʱ߶ˡ
ԭܼ򵥣ˮ˿ھ۽ĵطԪͲ̫Ũ
Ϊޣˮ߶۽ڸԪһоҵĲ˶Ӧ
ǰʱĶûôɣͬǰפصŮҲһ
ҼǵûӦҶҶʦľңǰȥҿҡͬǰפصŵԲ˵
˻
һʱһ
ʮʱ䣬ҶʦֵΪʹԪسͻƵ龳
ǰ첻˵ҶʦȥҺˮҲǵҩáһĽ
ȴҡҡͷʦã㲻ףеҩԪسڵԪ۷Ҳ¡
ΪﵽԪ۷ֱ֮ɹ˼𾪵顣
Ҽǵãҵ㻨һµʱ䣬Ʒ龧ĸ£ɹġ
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Բͬʱʩ
Ϊʯ˴ǰҲפصġ
ʯİ˰ָ֣һСĵԪ˵ʦܣ㵱ͻƵ龳㾰񣿡
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ǰ
ЦԼŵһţҶһȣǲԶˡ
Զһ侲ڣҲһľ
ԪԪϡĺˮǣϷҲ㲻ưɡ

ߵĪʵϣڵҶ棬ҲһСĵˡ
ڴ֮ǰ¸ηɰ׾͸Ҷǰ˵һҶҲˡ
˵Ϊ̤龳֮ٶȣҪӰ졣
һԪŨˡ
ڵЧ϶ҪȺˮҪõöࡣ
洫ӺųеɽЧֱڵͨطࡣ
ڶӰأߵ츳Ѫ
츳Ѫ߹ͨصԽ࣬ԽǿԪٶԽ졣
츳ѪӰĵط֮һ
СƷ츳һΪ̤龳ߵ츳Ѫͬʱ֣ؼ伳ȡԪ
ٶȣɴﵽ츳
ߣٶȣҲԱ츳һ룬ʱһٶȾ;˳ɰܡ
ӰأߵΪˡ
ΪԽǿͬһʱԪԽ࣬ЧԽá
ҶƣΪǿ
ƣҶΪ߽ʧ
ҶƣҶǰΪģΪﵽ龳صʱҲῪʼʶ
ʱҶƻԽԽСֱûС
ٶӰ󣬻Ҫǰˡ
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һԪĴСǵڶĵԪ֮һҪࡣ
ӦѪ츳һɰͨҴĺô
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ΪͻƵ龳֮ǰҵٶȣԱŵĵӵٶȻҪ죡
ֻҪʱڣúЩƣ˵Ϊﵽ龳֮ǰܻøǿ
𣬵Ϊﵽ龳ǰҽŵĴڣ
һȭҶ
𣡡
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СģǵؽƷޣ
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ΣҲԭһ౩ǵ࣬⻹ֻΪǵ¡
Ϊ͵ıǣ⼸ûнʳѪʳСèʱһݻҶƣѪʳ󲹼Сèͻһء
Сèеɷ֮֮ǰȴǱ屶ࡣ
еĸ޶ԣҲǴ֮
Ҷ棬ǱչسˣٲϷҪˡЦеĳ֣ʱĵӾ۽һ
ҶԵ׻Ӧ˵СèȻЩϢˣμݣΪ𺳡
ԺȴǴŵӸСèͷ

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Сè
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ǣУǷģֻҪǱСèǲṥǵġ
Χ۹ԲʯһеĿҶСè
һֻеĵؽ޴˭˭֪
ҲһĸпƾҶ¶ŵж죡
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ǰˮڹУ壬ǵӵܣǵ֧õҩ򷢲֮ȴһֱûи꣬޴
ЩϼһöԸЩСģϷȴֻǳˡ˵
Ҫծϣû𣿡뺫ʯͬʱЦ
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û⣡ҶӦһ
һԣһĨ񣬴Ӱ


139 
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Ҷ桢ʯԲںˮִܵ£󽫾ǰ
ȻǰȥϺˮİţ𻰵ģ󽫾˸˴ܹܡ
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ߣ͸˵ˣӲڣϽ߸Ͻߡƴɣģͽܸؤһ˴̨ס
Ҳ󽫾ľ̫ʢΪѴﵽڵִܾͺ޷ı
̨׵ִһĿҶˣ˵ÿ
ʯԲ˵Ŀ˲ؿҶ棬˼ܼ򵥣ǽҶϡ
ҶҲΪ⣬ǰ·ܹܣ
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ԺڣһŮؿͷİ
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140 治
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141 ƨƫ
ǧƽƷ龧ٿ飬Ҷһˣ˳Ĵ󽫾뿪
ҲҶ˵ã˴󽫾˷˶ڸУȻûء
ǿˣһӣŲҶʦ֣һ˷ܡ
Ҷʦ֣ɰҸӿˣɶʱôⰡίȴЦ⡣
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쿴׷ˣ
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챻ҶŪúĺʯԼ˵пҶЦ˼
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ʵСóֻ֣ýˡ
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ʱĺˮڣСĵһλ͡
λͲǱˣǺųƶźˮǶҪĺˮ
û취ˮӰ̫ˣʱڶҪ˼һҪȻųҪһЩ߼ҩʱ򣬿ɾѰඡ
ҪҶ棿治ɰŰȥˡ
ʲôʱ⻹˵׼Ҫ֮ȥݷϣ
ˮ⣬ȴϸˡ
ˣˮˮȥߡ
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ϳһȴѹסǷݾȡˮȻҪ𽵹ĵҶ棿
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ºʯݼˮ

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Ȼ󣬺ˮҶ֣Ҷ棬ˣϷտԼģ
סˡҲˮݺҲסˣʯȴˡ
ôô˸ƨɡ
ǰֺúˮ˼ȴǺǣֺõĶ񣬵ǳҶк
Ӧ˵ûбεˡ
ҪЩһѺʯʯˮǰʯ֪Ҹ̨ˡ
ˣʯҲˢĺˡ
ȴûʱẫʯڿһ⡪Լ
ˮҶʲôԼ
ˮĴڣȻܹҶ֮Լ
˵ǣǰҲǼ档
Եһ£Щ£ҵøϻ㱨һ£
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˸ȥ㵡˭ɣֵܲĺˮ
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˭֪ʮǰˮͱҶľƢĥˡ
Ҷ潫ϼ򵥵˼£ϴһӵˣ£ͽӦɣȥˮɣ
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ˮڣ޲ӡ
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ϣ£ȫҶǳģӲ˵ҪţɱǸ
㿴˷Ѿɱǵˣ
ϵģϲûʯĻһתͷĿⶨĶźʯһҲֱĺʯ鷢ë
ϣǡ
϶ĿⶢЩëĺʯЩסˡ
Һܻɣǲ˴󽫾˽ӣ
ʯȻ⻰ʲô˼
ɱ˷ˣȴٴοˡ
ʯƨɾԴôоƨƫأ
ΪŵеľӢҲΪ忼ǣǣʲôʱŵǵһλġ
ǿˣǵ˶ͦñֱܵøָȨǼܵʵĺô
ƨƫˣǽͷϣĺôռʱͻ֣ᷢˤúܲңܲң
һʯɫ䣬˵Ȼ
ϾͲûֱʯǽͷˣ
˷ˣ㴵ˣ
հģǸҶҽҪ󽫾ظ˷ͲٴɫһȻ
ǷծǮ쾭壡ΪʲôҪˣ
ðҪǴ󽫾ظҾͻţ··һ˻ʹˣ
ϴ෭ɣ峡
ɱɱ˷¶һ˿֮ɫհģʲô
ʲôֻ˵˴󽫾ĹӺƷԣǷծ׻˵Ӣ۶ú˸̰Ʒԣ᲻Ҳ⣿
ǺǣƲ⣬Ƽ
˵͢ÿ²ãߴһǽлԲ
룬ڵ·ϣǲǵùעһ¹۶ӶԲˣ
ҪӶԲ˸ӵЩծҲǲ
Цĸ󽫾̰ã
󽫾治̰ľ̰ܲ
̰ô󰸣Ǵ󽫾λӻȣ
Ҳûž޴Ӱ˳
ҪϽ󽫾̼ˡ
ˣɱ˷˵ɫѾ÷ǳѿˡ
˷ˣȻ⵱е˼ɲֿӷĻɫ
ϣҪծҲڽҼڳɣ
ɫѿ˰죬˷˼ôһ䡣
ޣЩСӣֶûأģһúõʰǵģ
ƿĵԶ񣬾͸󸮹ѹˡ
һƿƮƮľĵ֣ڶ˷˾˳̨׾¿ͷĻתԸȥˡ
أǷֵģ
ԲȴǾˡ
ô벻ڶֱ̤ƽˮ˷ˣȻҪ򷢵ˡ
Ҫ֪ǿǺʦֿе
ʯһѾ˺ƨɡ
Ҳû뵽ҶǳȻϼ仰͸Ӧȥˡ
Ӳ򽫾ӣɱ󣬾Ȼһƿֵһǧӵľĵ򷢵ˡ
ҶҪɵɴ˿ɼһߣ
ѵΪ˷ǱҵһƿĵˣɭϵĿ⣬˺ʯϡ
ǣ
뽫ͷҡø˹Ƶġ
׾ͺã
ֻҪΪŶսţԶǿ֧
ʱʯѾεԸˡ
ˣҪɢһҶ󣬶Ҫ˵
ǣ
Ӧʱ򣬺ԺڣҶȴˮóһˣ


142 Ǭ
ǵ⻹𣿾ˮͰҲû󰡣
źˮóıˮͰҪ룬Ҷ治˸ۡ
ˮһ죬˴־ִٵ˵㣬롭Լһ뻢ѣҲ룡
ҶһҳһԼܺĿڲˮĲһΣҲţԼͳɣҲ԰
ˮæ֣У̫Сˣһε
ҪҶôһ룬޵Ķˣ˵䣬ˮݺݵĵһ۸ĵӷࡣ
ĵҶ涼ǰ׺ˣܹŪġ
ãǵԼȣҲ㣬㿴ԷĴ룬Ūһ룬˰ɣ
ãҪôһ룬һεҲʹ´ˡ

ҶСè֣ȻǸ쵽±ߣʾſ͡
Ļ±߷һʵ⣬ֲ׼ԣȻǿˮͻ
Ҫһ룬ҲСʱ
ǺʱСèҲή˼֣Ȼͳôһ뻢ѣҲС
ϿҪôһͰˮǰˡСèήҵģҶЩۡ
ǰޣϷƺõŵؽ׵Ԫ
ԪݸҶʱ򣬺ˮֵؽ׵Ԫ̺ģǾ
ԪΪʱʺϷãõȵΪͻƵ龳֮١
ˮͻһ㣬ףͻƵ龳
ô죿ʮɣôʹԪسͻƵ龳ڣ
ˮҲҶ쭵Ϊˡ
ˣлǵˡҶЦЦҲ˵ֻǽӹŵؽ׵Ԫ
һȻˮˣҶҲ
Ȼ󣬺ˮٴҩһͰĿڻѪҪȴҶᶨľܾˡ
ʱ֮Ҷͺˮʦͽ뿪˺ˮ
һֱڵҶʯˣڣһľȡ
ǳפغˮǵİϣûܹˮʱǺˮŵġ
ˮǳĳƢղߵʱ򣬾ȻҶмӣ
÷ƨɵĺʯӵơ
ɣ˵˵
ڣһࡣ
Ҫծһ£ɵĲҪҶһ˵ĹͣҪҶ棬Ŷˡ
ϣҪǰҴҲȥġҶһǻ
ѵ˼֮󣬰ϻһתҪμһ㣬ֻҪΪŰ£žԿǣ˴ʲô
ԵʲôߣǶ£
˵䣬ϾóһؼݸҶ档
Ҷ氡ΪͻƵ龳ҲܹշˣⱾؽƷķؼӰϷʹŽ㣡
ؽƷķؼ
Ҷһ£ʯ˵۾˲غˡ
ؽƷؼΪ
ڣؽƷؼղڲؾ¥ڡؾ¥㣬ҪΪﵽ龳洫Ӳʸ롣
ʯǣȻΪͻƵ龳ѾܾˣʯΪﵽ龳ڶѾһˡ
ǣؽƷؼһûУ˵ǵؽƷķؼ
յĹ˽ƷĹٶȣȻ˵ǷУҲ첻˶١
лϣ
ݽҶҲǷǳ⣬Ȼٲ˾ϲ
Ȼ˵ҶѾ洫ӵĴԽؾ¥ѡؼǵؽƷؼһ߰Ź׵㡣
΢һĵؽƷؼʮŹ׵𲽡
仰˵ϽҶⱾؽƷĿӰֵߴӣ⻹ڵļֵ
һ룬ҶʱǰӲΪֵˣֵˡ
ݺݵһͨԼһڶ׬ôһݽֱֵ̫ˡ
ǣӦõģ
˵䣬ַһСӸҶ棬ŵҲɡ
괳ɱʦʱõһСӣΪǸѹûҪ
ԼòˣҲʲôǮʮˣ񣬾ͱˣ
Ǭ
˿ؼƣҶЩ⣬ǵҶ淭һС֮мصݣͱÿϲѡ
Ҫ˯ͷǬֱ̫ʺˣӦ˵̫ʺСèˡ
һ⼸ۣʯԲ˵ɫʱˣ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ˰ϣǺʯ۾ˡ
ҶǵؽƷؼģ⽱Ҳ̫Щɣ
ҵȣֱ϶Ҫ뿪ˣҲ˿ûǽ˼
ϣҲ̫ƫ˰ɣҶô࣬ȴʲôûСۺؽƷؼĺʯ̲סˡ
ƫģ
ȥͳҪ࣬ϵծֻҪҪһҵģҾһؽƷؼ
ĵֱӽǷҪծ˺ʯ
ʯۺؽƷؼ治ҽӡ
ҪѧҶһȥӲĳλĸۡٴһҪծûǸӡ
ǵ̫ˣ
ôǰɣ
ң͸ұ죡Ϻ˵
ηηβˣûʲôøУҪǺʯѪһ£ӹӣ´¦ӣᶵš
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ãҽˣ
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ף
ϣҲ¶гһ˿֮ɫǺʯĻȴðϲûը˷Ρ
ϣ졭ʱ䣬һܹһҵծ񣡡
һ˼ıͷ⺫ʦֵ޳ܾ湻ģ
һԵҶҲЦ
ޣ
ϵĭӣû絽ʯϡ
ʱ䣡ʱ䣬ⵥһңţծȫ塣
ϷֻҪҶⵥںˮһ⣬ⵥϰ˳ɵծ񣬾ȫ룡
ﻹõͶݰ
ҲǱʯˣ⺫ʯװͿڳ˶ɵӿء
ұ֤ҶڵӲ󽫾ִ󽫾Ҫծ飬죬ܴˮǵ塣
쾭ĸ˷һ֣Ҳܴȫǡ
䣬С´
ЩǷծ竣ܵҶڵɱţһúõһ
ֻҪһϸұ֤ЩС竣ͻԼŻծ׳ģҶһ⣬ֵ
㺫ʯ˵Ҫ󣬲ҶĶ
˵ʯǰǵɵӿߣ
һߣϸﳤȥոնЩСĺʯһѾڵøһˡ
ҶҲЩΣϵĻҲֱ̫˰ɡ
ƵŮҲǾúʯ̫ˣ밲οһʯʦ֣ʵ
ߣ
ճڣ޹ĺʯһ·Ŷȥ
˼䣬ҶȴȲĴСèľҡ
ɺ޲ϾͽǬɹˣ
ǲ֪Сèû츳


143 
ǬʵҲһҶڰͨеõĿЩƣȴȿ˼ʮ
ϸҶǬúܼ򵥣ǿĿʹС
Ӧ˵ֻڱ͸С֮á
ǬеļأɹΪߵͣԽСʮ
ǽҶȼü֮
׳һͷϻڴֵʲô
Ҫͨ˿ˣʱŵһ£Ҫιȥ಻õģпܡ
һ߿ˣҲҪŵɢӣǰ
Сèǰȥ˸ծ⣬ҪڵУΧ
ʱ䣬Ҷͷʹ⣬Сèٴ㣬Ұ⻹УͨĳȴǼ㡣
û뵽ֽһǬͽ鷳
ǣؼˣǬҪҲǼߡ
һǵ޲
£޵ƷԽߣԽߣɹĻҲԽߡ
ɹĿʮ֮һ
ؽɹĿԣֻаٷ֮һؽƷɹĿиٷ֮ġ
Ϊ
ֻҪһǣ˵İ£ڼɹĿԻǺܴġ
޵Ǭȴе⣬Ҫ֮ͨͨϵһĴޡ
һΪ鷳
ãСèһȴ߶ڵˡ
ڵ˾ǰ
ڶڵֳʮݣӿȫ

ھŲĬھͨˣȫġţһΣ϶ʧܡҪģҸ㲼øԺÿϰ塭
ţ
ͻأڱĿСèҶͻرһǿҵ۾۾ɲǣҶͣ˲ؾ˲Σ
ȻһΡͳˡ
ֱӴӽӽССèҶľȣѾԱ
ؼп˵һЩ鳤ޣԳࡢ࣬пڵһʱͳɹޣ޿ܡ
Сèȴһξͳˣ
ǡѵǡ
˼˰ΣҶҲСèܹǿҺǷǳǿйء
ԴڲùҺ֮Сèͱֳ˷ͬһǡ
ʱӦҲԭ
£Ҷ泹׵˷ˡ
ЩסٴСèǬ
Сһ룬ġ
һ֮СèĳһֻСè
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Ҷһȣ׵ӿ˲Ϣ䣬ʹ׳Сһ߳ͷ
һɫè
֣СèһǵĻХһԾҶĻ
飡
Ҷֻã·һɽ˵ԼĻһ㣬ûҶ˵ڵء
СèС屶ǽǧأȴ˿δֱŨľ
ˣԺŵʱ򣬾⸱ģҽֳ壬ֳҶ潻
Сèĵ˵ͷһΣһϢĹһ߳ĿɰСèͱһͷ峤׵
ҶСèǱ״̬ڣҲν
Ҷȴû뿪ңϵĽ죬ҲҪٿʼҪծ⼸죬Ҫúõһ
ϥڵأ΢΢ľϢ֮Ҷó˺ˮŵؽ׵Ԫ
û˵ǿŵؽƷԪ
ؽƷԪ븹һһʱͬһϮ
һԪȫת£һٵıת뵤ѹ£ҶڵԪǽ˴¯һ㣬ʮԪջһ˿
ԪǿȫƷʵ
˵Ǿ֣Ԫ֮Ĳ̫ˡ
ңҶǰ֡
ĴãҶո͵ͱȱ˵ľ֡
֮󣬵ҶؽƷԪ̺Ĵ֮ںȻһ죬ڵڹ룬ռơ
ţҶΪͻƵڡ
һͻƣǰ
ǿĵҩɼһߣˮںˮ˸ߵĵλҲԭġ
ҶƣǵؽƷԪĿţΪܴһ·ͻƵڣٵ۷塣
ϧǣؽ׵ټּΪ֣ż˵õҲ˸߼ȥԣҶڶʱڻôԪȴǲ̫ʵ
ҶΪڶʱȴǲ̫ˡ
ֻһʱ䣬׵ȹΪֱߵʱҶ׼뿪ҡ
Сè䣡
ŵɲǣҶһȣֳ˰ߵ˲Сһֻ೤ĿɰСèƨƨ۵ĸҶ
ڱһǧصСèҶɲ뱧
һ̤֮ҶĽŲͻ˻
ΪһС磬ȴ̫ˣע⡭
ҶЩŵһŶǷҶʯҺܣ峤Ϻ뽭һսǬ˾ҶΪ̫죬ʳҶϵܡ
΢΢ܴҶת
˺һᣬҶŽڳͷص˿ͻƵڵģ
ŴȰСè뿪˾ҡ
ţô죿
ϼȰСèʱ򣬶سһĿǾȡ
˼ΣѧǬҶ
ѧϰƾǵǿҶ棬һΣǼ񵽱ˡ
Ϸ򿴣Ǽ򵥣кʵĻԵԺĳɾͣ
һĽ
ÿԵˡ
ҶҲڴСèδɳʲô̶ȣ

ҶǣϣȻûпҶΪ˵Ͽǻ龳صǿߡ
ܸǸö
йҪծ񣬹ϡ
Ҷչڣ죬һλӵŻծ񡣵ڣϵһˣѾծ
ϵ˵һ㣬Ҷˣδծİݷһͨ
û죬Ƿծϵİ˳ɣծΪϰƽƷ龧ǧ顣
ûлծЩӵܣҲר˵ڴʽһ룬ͻ
ˣҪծԲˡ
ҪծԲˣҶںˮҲ롣ǶǴˮǡ
˵Ҷڵû˵˹ӣֱӱϵľӪѵȥˡ
Ҳ󽫾˷ɻ˸Ըһѡ
Ҳ֪˭ȥģҲǰ԰ڵִܡ
պˮԼҶ棬Ҷ̸˴ʱ飬ʹ˳ȥ
ںˮʤĵط˵꣬˵Ҫףû죬Ȼ˺ˮҶ档
ȻûţҲҶںˮǵԽԽ
죬Ҷд似ʱһ޺ͻŸҶһݴ


144 Ҷ
Ҷ׼ʱĸۡǰ
ˮڣֻаҶյ˴
Ϊ£ĵĺʯƷǳ
ʱĸۡǰȻ̸ϳˮĿҲڸǰһ
ԭǰϼˣ룬룡
Ҳ£λһҶҶɣ룬룡
Դݣ϶վڸſӭ͡ӭ͵һЦĹѼɤרΪҪԱܼҵĹ
ҵɾǲ̤ţкԵഺĹŮ·
ò˵ˮİǸĻǼܻӭ֡
һ̤кʹͣһһǰŶӸк
ҶûǸˡ
ҶںˮЩҲǶʶҶ˸ǲ࣬Ҷʷǰıˡ
ȻҲ̸䡣
٣ഺζʮƯŮҶ·
λŮŵɴȹ׻¶һƬҶ涼Щڸ
ʱ·һһλŮؿĨһѣùŮʧɫ֮࣬ҲҶġ
˵Ҳ֣ҶǴȶľ촽Щɡ
Ҷ滳ɣԸǲǸ֮ǰĻһ㣬Ǹʲôڵˡ
ϵλģǰλԱ߾ǣ
Ҷ汾ǸŰϵģȥˣҶֻܸλ·ĹŮ˵
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߸һŵϯʰη俪ȥ
ϯǷǳεģԽӽмλãλԽãҲĵλԽߡ
īˮǵĵλһĸߡ
λ࣬һλ֮
һҲ֡
ЩҶںˮ˻þˣҲ֪š
磬ˮÿһλǻ»ʣڵǻ֮ǰҪȥڰݼţڵŵ׿ϡ
»ʵǻʱʽģڵĵš
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󽫾
ÿһſھһ֣ݵ͵ˣһѷӭȥ컻߸ϵЦݡ
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ݵλΪһλı䡣
ҶλǱλͷã
Ҷһλǰʱ򣬰ǧЦʵĳҶ湰˹֣УмֵɫǰձҶҪծʱƣһɨա
Ҷһ㣬һλȥðɣһλѣǶһʶ
Ҷڵλʱ򣬰ǧֿˣҶλߵܵλҲá
ҶЩˣƲһλ
ҶãǾûϯӡ
ǧе⣬ȦӣҶ͹ԹԵĳԱɡ
Ҷ泹׵ˣźҶλŮҲýžִ
ðɣҼ
֮£ҶɴŮֱߵŵھŸλҲһλ
£Ӧû˴ˡ
˵ԸĶһӵĻƣҶ滹ûܹء
ŮڷҶо֮ģƫƫźţҶһһۣǸоˬ
ܿģ󲿷˶ˣλҶλĻҲˡ
֮ʱĿҶһۣҶ΢΢һЦҶкˡ
ʱ򣬼ܻӭİǻҲ̸ˣӴص׼
۾һɨӴҵĩλҶʱɫͱˡ
ʶ㣬ǰߵϾôˡ
һӣʹߵҶǰߣҲŵڶλ
Ҷ棬ôˡ
һźϵĹŮؿĹ֣ҶЦ϶ˣʣ
ʵã⣬һأҶҿ˵
СģỹûɣҪҪҽдӸ㰲ż
һԱ߼λŮʱȫˡ
ǰɣҲ̫
Ҷ۾ɴʱ
޳Ҳϲϰϡ
̫ôţߣϷ治ԸϹ۵Ļͬϯ
ͻأѹͣЦһΪ겻ʹѪһؿ쭵龳ڵŲ㣬ȥЩͷӣϹ˰
ϿҵʵΪ˰
Ҷһ
ƨСͻʱĲϷϷ֪ġ˵СϢĹϷᾹȻһ㶼
Ҷһʱλŵǰλ˲Щסˡ
¸صİϣȻ󼸸λôܹס
밲ǧͬʱ˰ϡ
ϣϻ⣬סǧЦ
ǣҶ棡
һ仰ǧЦݽסУȴһ˿ɫ
Ȱʱſ˸߸ߵĳŵ
ˮݵ
һиոùͶվЦӯӯĿſڡ
һ缴ģôޱ߷ĺˮͿ첽̤롣
ǵ룬λ׵һܹЦöӶֿˡ
ˮΣÿᶼɾûλ磡
󲽽ĺˮȴǲܹܵһĿһϲͻؾĩϯ


145 ҪƯǰɣ
ףҶ棬Ȼ
һЦˮߵҶһƨҶԡ
ʱܹסˡ
ովİҲסˡ
ӭӺˮ嶼סˡ
ǱΪˮҪˮİϴкģû룬һƨҶԡ
һ˲䣬˽˼һѯʣҶ棬Ǻηʥ
ˮһܹܶʱˡ
ӴǵɲⰡ⣬ûָܹȫվֵܣˣۡ
ˮһɣôⰡҸҶҪ̸ܵŰ
ˮҶ£
ٴһ
ʱܹͲؿҲĩϯͳ׵ľˡ
ҵİϣôҲ˰㻹æǵ⣬ôⲻǴҼү𣿡
ˮǲ֪ʵʵ˵ǰϻҪˡ
û£ͦãⰡҶ棬ҪȻһ⣬ͦµġ
ܹǺεȵ˾ʱ˰ǻл
һ֣ͽŵС½˹仰ʳҶ汻ҵΣźˮҲҶ汻ҵθ˸һ
ž
ܹһƾͽǹ¸ȳ˴ȻܹҲɵˡ
²ð찡
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣҶû
ûϵϸˮȻ˵Ҷ棬ҶķȻ֮
Сӣ˰ҪǻϷ򣬷Σˣ
ҲǺˮҶ棬ȻһҶģ
УˮɣܱȰ⣬ͦˡ˵ϸϽģ
һֱܹӾˡ
˵Ǻˮ̬ȡ
ˮǳıƢʱ˵ļ۸˭ԥͲˡ
ҶϣǲߣһҶģ
Ĺǰλҹʦϸˮʺˡ
ݼǰʺˣ˵ô⡭

һ֣
ˮϸʺõһ֣
ˮҶǰʧıƢֳˡ
һʱ˽ɫ˰϶ˮҵ̬ȸˡ
ޣˣԺϷÿоٰĽᣬҲˡ
һ仰ȴŭ˲飬ֱ˵軹Ҫʹ֡
Ҫ֪ˮںˮӵ˸ߵȺӵ˸ߵɲǽġ
Դӱ˷źˮ֮ÿµУˮĸۡٿһᡣ
⽲ᣬҪɺˮʦ޳һЩĵá顢ϣʾ
ܶ൤ʦ⽲ֱӽ⽲ʦᡣ
ΪˣˮǵʦԻòμӽʸΪ١
ҲˣˮʦȺУ˼һݡ
ֱӱˮȡʸ񣬼ֱһ׺䶥ĸо
ΪʲôǰҶһֱмӡ
ϹˣûҸҶһ𰡡
˵ʲôʱ򣬺ˮ˲ŭˣߣãһȥȥκ˶׼ıʼǸ㡣
˭㣬˭ԶҲ̤һ
£׵Ĵˡ
ˮԹ쳣ĶҶһۣŲЩĵ뿪
˵Ҳ̫ܸ˰ɣ
ңǸұ㣬ˮͱˣ
ˮһŭȣٴһģԹ۵ҲָôҶˣȻôҡ
ϯǰվİͷѾЩˣ˫ȶЩˡ
ĻҲֵͷϡ
ⰲͷͦ죬Ǻˮ仰ͷඡ
ϵԪڿһֱźˮĵҩء
Ҹţ
ˮһȣվӭӵ嶼еˣҲˡ
£վŻۣ¡
Ҷһˬ죬Ѿ׵ʧˡ
ˣܹܵˡ
ǵϣϾ͸ȥǰ߰ɣȻүˣң˵꣬ƵĿҶһۡ
ǵ˵ȥǰɲ
߰º
ഺ٣ƯžͺãһͷӴߣⲻ𣿡
ܹܱҶĻˣˮһĸмҶ棬۰Ͱ͵Ŀźˮϣ
ȥһСӷأҪƯǰɣ
ͻأˮ廪֣źźͷҺҶ棡
ã
ɵӦһǰҶһ࣬
ôСӣƯɣ
ϷĺãɵüŰ
еʽĳһѣҶ˲شˡ
Ļź£Ҳֻкˮϻܵ
ò˵ˮǹߵġ
嶼һĻˡ
ĲǺˮȥź̫ˡ
ǾǣˮΪֺҶ棬źȥźġ
Ҷ浽ǺηʥȻҪˮֺã
ܹȰʱſһ߳ˡ
ǰôⰡҶ漷һӣ±ߵ˵ˣ
ſڵĺˮˡ
ûأû˵ң㿴źأ˭ҵ
ңҾͺҶ⣬㿪磬ң
Ҫڵʱ򣬺ˮȻ˻֡
ϣôҲˣҲſڣˡ
ǣҶ棬ùϷãҰźˮ
ǻİ£ʹżԲôҶĿ⡣
ǿˣ쳣ӦȫΪҶ
Ҷ棬ţ
źš
һ䣬ͿʼᣬϾôأ˭Ҳǰɣֻǻҹʦɥģֲ⡣
ῪʼˣҶȴڵС硣
һλźţǸоͲһˡ
͵һ۹Ǹͦأ޳񾱣磬˼֡
ǣҶĿ⣬ҲƵ
Ҷ棬ʵ̫ˡ
СӣϷ㲻ɣ
У˼в˲źҶˬʱ򣬺ˮø첲⵷һҶ档
ԣҶ淭˸İۣϾֱ˵ɣҪҸʲô
ˮʱЩεĴⲻϷһʱʧʧˡһݣԻ
ҪǸֱ˵
ģϷԲģͿ۰ɣϷԲһüͷ
ˣ£ɲֹϻˣûҶʵ
ˣ
һΣˮһĴ룬ǸͰ룬ûó
ӹ룬һߵ±˿ĵطȰСèӹȥһɽ䣬߾͹ԹԵߵǰſ죬Ѿͻ
ѧ
Ҷ循ﲻѵĺˮһ䡣
Ҷ棬ʲô
㷳˵˰
Ҷһۣˮͻˣ˵˵ȾƣȾƣ
Уȴһ˿ɫ
˵ҶҪ⻢֮ǰˮ׼׼Ҷݺݵһ׳ۣ⻢õ֡
ǵͷҶȴʲôûҪ
ǸоǶԴˣ˰һۣŷûˣ
ܲϲ
Ȼ䣬ˮãҶСƺͦģ
һһ۰צĻи
ʵЩ㲻ףҶ浽ƾʲôúˮ˷ģ
Ҷ棬ȴǸӵĺˣ
Ὺʼˮɽ亣ζģ˴ԼṲ̊ˡ
ƮƮ֮ʣһ̶ĴЦͻȻʹⳡա
ٰ֣ᣬȻֵңҲ̫С˰ɣ
ЦУjߣɷ̤ɢ


146 Įɳ
ܣӿ鰡Ϊտʼζˣ
Ȼ㲻Ը⣬Цʵӭjϯ
ֵǼЦݣҶüѡ
˻ϣ湻۵ģˬ
ֻҪʵˣЦЦ޾Ϳޣôס
jϯɫò
磬ұ飬ʵСǰ䳵ϡ㡭
j仰
˼䣬jͻóһЦ磬СҲ׼ڸһᡣ
ǡöڳ˳㷢㲻ɣ
ɫ˲رѿǿˣjȫֳġ
ˬ鲻ˬϻЦ˵⡯ŭ컹ЦӯӯģҶֱۡ
ҪǻҶ棬²̨˵
ո磬١
jЩ壬޲ɫεĽӹЩûģڽӹʱ򣬻͵͵ɫŭ˴ӡ
Ǻǡһһ
һ·ܿģͷ˿ſڵİϸǰ
ϡҶ桢ˮϯ˳ȴЩŹ֣Ҫǻһˣ϶æҡ
jһЦǰʲôˣС磬뵤ǰһ͹⣡
ûգ
ˮӻֱ֣Ӿܾjôϲɫ
ᣬˮһ˵̬͹ˡ
ǷǳˮɲǸӣӦǸҶӡ
ǰˮ粻¼ʮΣûһ
ˮԷһϰˡ
Ҷ棬úúõ£ӦøʲôôźأѰ˼
Ȼ֪ˮһ̬ȣǱܾjϻЩÿУһ
һ̣˳ӦøˮϷjͻתҶݳ
ǣҶּˣС磬Ҷ͹⡣
һ£jֵСҶһݴ񣬻Ҷһǰ
һһԵİɫʱˡ
jڸҶڿӰ
ڣڻӼ̳ϱߣһ˳ִ֧
Ҷˮȫֵ֧jһ򲻼ɫ
jֱӾܾġ
ҲΪj֪Ͽ϶ܾ룬ֱҶ档
ҶӦˣǾкϷˡ
ңjţԻ֮˳ĵҶ꣬˫ַĸܳ
Բģ¾͵ðѳֲסˡ
ҲҶ棬ܺ棬Ҷ浽׻ʲôѡ
˫ֵjҶ˵ƨɶûŲһ£ͷĻ˻֣ų֡
ȥ
һ̸ЦjɫֱӽסֱӱһĨ档
Ծ
꣬ΪǺˮȥ
Ҷ֣ɱȺˮĻشֱӡ
ˮĻشǸڣûհj档
Ҷش𣬾ֱ̫ˡ
ԭЩŵİϣ˲طˣش𣬼ֱ
ʵҪǻˣҶҲ档
jҶķˡ
ˮɱϷһ£պϡȫjڱŬҶô
ȻӢ۳꣡
ЦjΪεջ˫֣ҲȥҲˡ
ȥǲԸѿ
СӣֱϷи԰
ˮҶ˴Ĵָ
ƣ
ҶһȣҶĻæ˾ƣö循ѡ
ͷ֮£ҶͽλĹֱӵ˹Ůʹ
jСһȻյ᲻ǰգȴճУˣ½̨
һˮŲ̊ʱͻ
jͻذνһ
ݣ
һ͵ز嵽˴룬أԲΡΡĶ̨ͣŮɢӴܣ
ܣǸʲô𣿡ɫһ˲ŭˡ
jһյƣž磬㲻ãݺݺ赸̫Ȥ𣿡
ô
jȴǲشٱڵλĮҿɳԸΪ轣Įɳ죬Ըһ۷񣡡
˻شjһƷǷɫڵĽ͵Ծ˳ȵĮҿɳ轣
磬ΪΣ
ãããģΪܲͬ⣡
ȻѾŭǿ
ᣬ˭ˣjվǿֳˡ
ȷ裬ʾ֮⣬
ϣ
һĳ𣬿
ݺᣬҿɳչ֮ʣ侹ȻһڴĮɳ֮еĸо
⾳
Ҷ۾΢΢һС
ҿɳ轣ʾ
ݺᣬ⾳֣ӯӯĴ˲һȣ⽣ƣȴżֲ
龳ڵΪȻǽҲڳۡ
ûΪĹŮǣźˣֳʱҡ
ƫƫҿɳ⽣ʽüã赽ʴϯȻмִĮɳζ
ҶҿɳΣ
ĶŽƵĻͻسʵ
ǿ
ޣô˵ҶǿඣҶĻشΪ㵡
ҶЦЦ͡
ҶʵҶǰ֮ͨͨǰͨҶԼ͵ģǱĬ֮£ҲҶüΪ
ҿɳĽڱȻǿҶٳ
Ҷ˲Ը͵ģȴ˻İ
Ҷ֪ҿɳս
ҿɳе²أߣѾ١龳ڵ߲ۣΪͬ龳ڵߣնɱģ˫ʮ
ⲻǿս
һǰкųµ龳ǿߺ壬ҿɳŽնɱ
һǰųƴͬǿ޵ֵĿȽͣд֮ʣҿɳնɱ
Խնɱаɣ
ҶƽĲΪӦһҶ治飬ҶԸɵ̫ˡ
Ҷ˲Ϊı飬ȴΪ
ݣ
ͻأҿɳеĳ͵ط˵ƿĿɲǣһҶ浱ͷ£
£˵ĻûʧɫԾ
ǵ룡
ҶȴǻδţٱˮоһͷµĽ⡣
ۿŽҪͷ䣬˲أ̻һ㶸
ҿɳʮһҲ
ңǽʵҶͿ͸ˡ
ͬһʱ̣ͣҿɳ̤ǰһָҶһ轣ΪȤҶǣ˫ɸҶˣ


147 ɱ
һ轣ΪȤҶǣ˫ɸҶˣҿɳָҶȵ
ûȤ
ҶͷҲ̧ͳ֣øոջΪҶĵ˲ûƳһѪ
ҲϵҲֱ̫˵ɣ
ҿɳʮа˾jָʹ£Ҷ棬˵轣лݺݵĿҶһѡ
һ㣬ڳˣЩҶİ
ҶôȥӦѣͳ֡ˡ
һʱ䣬ʧ֮ɫ
뻪һʧ
ǻҿɳҶʱ򣬻ΪҶ浣ģҶֱˣͱޱʧˡ
ϵȴЩ죬ƺҶķ񰡡
ҿɳһ㣬漴ЦԭǵҶ棬Ǹ޵࣬ĳ轣ңʧĳǴʧ
轣ϷΪҵĽս֮ɱ֮һ㣬Ϊūͣ
Ҷ᲻أʧ֮ɫػ˾㵣
˵úã
ˮĽкͬʱ
쵰ȻϷӣ
𣬽һҿɳϮҶ棬ȴһ߳ס
𣿺ˮڲ࣬Ҷ֣
ܣô˵ģ
ʱ
ĮĴˣ͵һ
jڴ˸ͳҿɳȵҿɳ˵ϷӣͲ
𣡡
ҿɳһ޺ĺ͵ƴָ罣ԼĶͷһѪ˲£Ұ˻
Ҷ棬ɳģһҪѪϴˢʩϵĳ裡
һɳϢ֮ʣҿɳԽشȵҶ棬Ǹѵģҿɳһս
󵨣
߳ڵɲǣҶ˲ս¶һ˿ȻЦ⣬񻰣Ҫսս轣ҿû棡
Ҫ
Ҷʱ򣬻ͻᳶҶĿһ£һԪʹҶĶ䡣
Ҷ棬Ҫϵ
ҿɳ´޻ڲ˵ʵԱеĻҪߡ
ǰΪµڽɱʮģ˳ƶ֡ΪѾﵽ龳۷ǰսҿɳ
ҿɳǰϮɱ£ȫˣʹǣ
ô˵ҸҪһսˣ
˵䣬Ҷ̤
ΪҶ濼ǵĻ󼱣ңǰϻǺˮ˭ûȰҶ˼ͷʱһ˿ɻ
ҿɳںˮǵĺպ˭ֹ֪ʱjѾЦ
ãǿԾðղҿ趼˯ˣǿԾø񣡡
磬òǺҶɣjЦ
ڵʱҶȴһֵӣܲܿ㣿
ϾһλźƲ˵飬ѷ꣬ҿɻǵŻȥȾأ
˲شˡ
ҶҲ̫˰ɣ
ȻƶҪٵĽҿɳȥȾƣ
Ҷ治̧ͳǺ˰ɣ
Ȼֻǰǧ뷨
ãҿɳĶѾȲˣ㲻ñʧɣ
jĴЦУҿɳҶҶ棬ɣ
ҿɳĺʱþĵģ˵Ŀ⣬Ҷҿɳϡ
ҶȴǼҡҡͷ
ɣȳֵ֣ĻᶼûУ
Ҷǰ仰Ż䣬ٴˡ
ģûҶôġ
龳ս龳ڣһλԽնɱ龳ߵǰȻһ֣Էûлˡ
Ҷ̫˰ɣǧߵܾ
ߣһᣬͿ񲻳ˡǧЦ
ҿɳĿһۣͬâһҶ棬ƿʼǣȻҶ˵ˣ;ԲҶ
ɳѪ֮£ֻһ
ಣ
ƽش˸С磬ڳߣһֻɳ˻ĴĮ֮С
Ŀɳ⾳£ҿɳĽƲϵţ˶ҿɳһ֣ͽ֮ơ
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ҿɳĿɳ⾳£ҶС
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Ҷһ
λҿɳĿɳ⾳֮ڣֲҿɳĿɳ⾳һ
ҶĿɳ⾳ͲҿɳĿɳ⾳ˣ
ֻվﲻͽҿɳĿɳ⾳ˡ
ҿɳ֮ԵڻƣΪһ㣬Ŀɳ⾳Ҷһվ͸ˡ
Ϊһ㣬ҿɳԲһֱͣƣһֱ֣ɳ⾳
Խƣλɳ⾳֮еĽһҶ棬ԽߴΡȻж֮ơ
𣡡
ҿɳĽҲ޷Ƶʱ򣬻һ߸ԾһҶ档
˵ҿɳƵ۷
ҿɳĸоУƳ֡
ٲ֣Ѿ۷ĽƣҪйˡ
ԣ¿ɳ⾳޷ά֣Ҳó֡
һֵɲǣjüͷһ¡
ܹ֮ᲢۣҪԭ֮һΪҲǻҵ֮һ
ԲʮͣΪʹﵽ龳ڣȻڵ洫ûȣǲһ㡣
jҿɳγ֣һûˮ׼һ
һҿɳһŻɳϯҶ棬Ȼɳ⾳ƣһҲС
ǣɳĽƵͷɱҶûκζ
£Ҳסˡ
ҶһվΪǿóġ
ڣҶ˰֮⣬ƺûκθ֮
ͻأҶŵĻ籡ðϵ۾ٴһɣƺҶҪ
ֽ߬ĿڴȻǼ䵣ġ
ҿɳֵɲǣҶһ֮Ӵȫת£һһĻǶϣתۼ䣬͵ʮ֮ࡣ
ԪʱҶİٵܽ龳кߵȫһ
ͻƵ龳󣬼İٵǳɱ
ɳһʱŲҶ棬ҿɳһ
һ£ɳĽֺԥնҶ档
飡
ҶİٵݺݵײһɲǣСĹŮֱӾñ۾һĻü
ڶҲʼΪҶϧ
˵һĻˡ
ҿɳĽƿ֮£ҶĻȻǲһ£Ǻĵֵҿɳһ
ҲһɲǣҶ涯ˣ
쾧سʣâһš
ʱҿɳĳҲոҶϡ
ϲ֮ɫ뾪֮ɫͬʱҿɳ˶ͷ­߸߷𡢿Լ·ɲǣ޾Ŀ־ʱһɲǣ

νһӶͣ
Ҷ澹ȻǿǿĻӲҿɳһԽȻһնв˰ˬʽҿɳֱף
ˮһȥˮһ㡣
ҿɳǻеѪɲǣҶѾһ̤ǰ
ƣ
һǰµƣҶ·ǰնɱҿɳ΢һһ㡣
ñ۾ĻΪҶĺ۾ɲǣ˲ؾͳմˡ
⣬̫ˣ
˶ԣ̫ˣǰϣ
ǰ˼ҶкַʽȡʤΨû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼּ䱩ķʽֱնҿɳԴ
ò˵ַʽܱˬ죡
԰϶⣬˶ԣȴޱȵ𾪡
ǰΪҶϧǡ
ߵܣֱӴˣ
ֱҿɳʬ嵹صʱ򣬲Ų˼۾ƺе㲻һУ
̫ˣ̫ˣ
ڴеһȻҶͬвһ㱩ɱҿɳֱӽˡ
j͵ĿУž


148 ӵʹ
Ҷ棬ľϲɹģ
һ˪jʱͻͣҶ˵
ǳң
ϣԺ㻹Цó
һj󲽳ǰ뿪ⳡᡣ
ģһģ
Ҷᶨj͵һ٣Ȼȥ
jҪҿɳˣ㾪ϲ˭ϲ
ΪҶ漫ȳʵı֣ýⳡճһתۡ
ⳡΪjĽ塢Ե鶼Щ
Ҷ汩նɱҿɳȴЩ˲ذ
Ϊĳ̶ֳ϶ԣҶ汩նɱҿɳڳִjڼᶨִ֧̬ȡ
֧߳һŶ衣
j뿪ǰЩСҶǣҶ澴ƣڵ֪Ҷ浽Ϊֹʮ󣬸ֱš
ҶҲ߲壬ʤԺˬɫ
ЩҶİǧŴҶ澴һơ
˭Ҳûע⵽һֱҶźƲ˵ĻҶĿѾȫĲһˡ
ƺֻʣҶһˡ
ʱ򵹾Ƶʱ򣬾Ȼ˸ˮƣҶľƱǱʱϡ
ˮҲ⣬ձԼϣĿ⣬ȴʱʱĿµĴ롣
ǺĻѣǺˮ
ǣˣպã
ȡѾӵһ뻢ѣҶݸ˺ˮԺǻҪ⣬;ȡֻҪһﻹ³ٲϵġ
ãã
Цݵ£ˮ˽ƷĿι˿ȥήҲСһˡ
ζɴһ£ͽǰһȥҶԾѡ
İɣ޵ĳɱǿʮءֻ˽Ʒѡ
ˣԺСҪŪؽ׵ҩϷϷҲСˡϷˣ
Цˮֶʱ͡
ҶһߵĻϵϣͬʱ֮ɫ
Ҷı֣ˮʱҶŵŽоˡ
ˮУúˮŵģҶ滹ͷһˣ
źˮ뿪յҲβ
õĴǽһλλͳţ١
Ҷϣȴ
ϣҶСһݱ񣬻λЦɡ
˵䣬̾Ͷ˵Ҷǰ
һƱһٿƷ龧
񣬲أҲˡ
ȻǶǧƷ龧޸Ҷԡ
һۣҶͬʱӹ̣ӰĨƱƷ龧ʧˡ
Ҷȴյİá
žž
ŴλȥΪɬĹװŮͱҶǰ
ϣҶҹѶɣСΪλ׼һ˫԰
УλŮͷֳԣ˰Ҷࡣ
ãүˡ
ЦУϾΪԵһԼ
ү⣬Ҷˣ治գ
žУҶֹȷʵм٬Ҳֻ˵ıԶѡ
ͷ·ǴϿŮ᲻Ķ࿴ۣ͸ࡣ
Ҳѡ
ҶһոߵҶԵλŮɫұ䣬Ӹϣһ⡣
ΨڴԵĻǾϲ֮ɫ
Ҷʲô⣿ɫƽӹ
ǲǡ
ҶޣҶģȻǴɡ
үһүĺ⣬Ҷĳˡ
үҶ־ɲԸŮɫǣ˽Ų
ʢ飬Ҷ֪ȴʱ򣬰ʱĳŰҶƵݴ
Ҷ棬պǳ֮񣬻ˡҵúúõİŰš
⣬ŵҶ棬ͻس˵
۹⣬϶
һԣӦһһȴĶҶֱҶʧߵľͷŻع
ʱ򣬻ŷ֣Ѿ˺þˡ
û뵽һᣬȻҼҾõĴġ
ãģһΪ£
Աϣ͹ЦŻظ˲ͱûģ

ȻϲµҪծѾԲפغˮһ£ԣһµʱ䣬ôġ
ڼ䣬Ҷȥü䷻Уûչؽ׵
ؽ׵̫ټˣֵּ޴ƳԪȻ龳߷ˣ٣ҲܽʡĿޡ
һ֣ͱˡ
򱦸˸ţҶֻܻתˡ
ҶƵǣΪͻƵ龳֮˽׵ҶþͱüСһţΪ
Ҫԭ򣬻Ʒʲͬԭ
ؽ޶ԪˣҪɣ˽̺ԪľԪҶȻˡ
ҶﻹдƷ龧ģҶΪĸš
ҶڵΪÿ߶츳Ѫ龧ǰ˿顣
Ҷ˽ٶȡ
Ʒ츳Ѫг龧һϴԼĵӽ߿Ʒ龧
Ȼһݳ޵顣
˵Ȼм֧֣ŵԴһһƷ龧ľͲˡ
ٶȣҶٴζ϶Լͨǰȷʵٶž޴á
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣҶȷʵڵһţ
һ죬ҶӰԵͿշеʱִͻҶ棬˵ǵſһȺҶ档
Ҷϵſڵʱ򣬶ٵס٣ͯڵſھ۽˼ʮˣҶһʶ
ҪҵҶҶ
ſھ۽һ漴ˢˢҶˡ
ݸҶͷˣлҶҶӱѪޣ
ݶͷ
һλٸĶҲҶͷסˣλˣɱҿɳ˳𡭡
һʱ䣬ʮ˹һ飬ҶͷлһƬл֮࣬ݺᣬֿ޳һƬ
ǣȫǱҿɳȥսնɱ˵ߵļ֪ôģ֪ɱҿɳ͹ˡҶֹһ䡣
æ˺ð죬ҶŵлĹ¹ѣϵлҶȴһûգͳ˲ӡ
һ죬һֱҶͷĳ״ѿƺ

֮פصһ֮ѵҶʰ׼ɽʱͻҶķš
Ҷʦ֣Ҫɽ
ţô£
ԥһ£˵Ҷʦ֣ģиѣżȻ䷢һؾ
ؾҶ͵̧ͷо䡣
࣬ؾһŸĿǰ֮̽ȴΪ̫޷롣
һȥ̽ؾֻЩҾ뵽㣡˵


149 ҿɳΣ
½ƾãʷصģʱ⡣
괫оžһʤһ½ųҫ۵Ĺâ
ߣŹ⻪䣬ʱ䳤ȥߣͻؿʱʧߣȻҲǿͻȥ
֣ɽӱǨ֮£Щµ֮أͳúǼΪؾǿŸ
ؾŸдԴֻؼֻǿı߸ı
ܹʵԣһ֣֮͡
Ⱥ֮У򽫷ֻؾŸĺ£ͳͳ֮Ϊˣ
һ;νķ²Ƶ֮⣬ˣҲǼҪġ
ûߣֻܰͰ
ߣʱܹƾһɳ졣
ҶԼȥһ̽ؾŸв֮ͬȻǰ
Ҷȥνѣ֮ҶЩסˡ
ף㣬ʦ֣Ȼ⼸첻ô¶ĺʯ
ʦ㣬ȥ㡣ߵҶĶ䡣
ģиǰʶѣΪһؾζʧ֮󣬾׼ŵùѰæҵҡ
ںˮ߲̫죬ˣҾ뵽
һ£ʯɫһ֮࣬ǣãΪ̽ؾ֮£ʮֵգȻ˵ǾһҲˡ
ͬʦֵͬȥܶһӦһݰȫ
ǵǣͬʦֵܣֻҪͬЭΣӦܹ͡Ҷ˵
˼䣬ؾľˣؾľ巢˭ƷΣ
ЩϢҪϾŽУ̽ؾкڳԺڵ飬̫ˡ
ֻ֪ǽԪ۹һڽԪڵĵӣΪӷɣΪǳ˵ãǰһɱһޣʱѾڵΪˡ
ЩһƷΣüͷ
ʦܣˣѵ˵ӷƷУͲȥ𣿡
Ȼ̽ؾŸһУҪĴ㣬Ҫ˸Ҷº֣ɱģ
ãҶʦܣҵȵľ仰Ҷʦˬ죡
Ȼ˵ʯ֮ǰҶĶ಻죬Ҷı֣úʯҶȷʵǿεˡ
ʦֵ׼һ£ںʯĴ£ڿնֱص㡣
һգʯۺˡ
ΪҶķи߶ٶȣȻǲࡣ
Ҫ֪ʯ龳ڵߣΪȻֻ龳ڣҲӽ龳ˡ
Ҷһλ龳ڵߣΪһؽƷķؼӰٶ߶ȣȻ룬Ⱥʯһߡ
ʯ֪ǣ⣬Ҷ£ûԸʵȫķӳ
Ҷ治Ϊֱ龳ڵΪ߶Ӱٶ˲ͿԳԽʯ
ۼǺˮǰĺڽԵ
ڽʢֵĸߵĺڽݣĶࡣ
֮󣬺ʯһѶţһѶӺڽһҴϷ
ߣҴ
ʯ֣
ϴһ˫üб䣬һӡΪӾָҶ߳ʯ
ڵģԣǽҲܻǵĴ°ɣָҶ˵
һڴϣһ˶ƺ«ӣǿҶЦ˵ʯҶЩɣǲСֵг𰡣𣿡
ң˵ʲôأ
ƺ«ô˵·˵ڿҶһ㣬ʯЩŭˡ
֣£ȷʵò̫Ưβһɢ۷岨Ҳü
ҶƣӦþӷɡ
һΧʯЩ׾Ȼ֪Ӧԡ
Ҷ͵̤ǰһ΢΢ͨˣͬһʵıһ㣬˼װϣ졣
ʵɲǿ˵ģ
գҶȥҿɳĿɳ⾳ΪҶĽͨҿɳɳ⾳佣Ӳҿɳһġ
ޣһڵĻҲҸ˵ʵʲôʱڵΪٸ˵⻰
Ͻٲһ㣡ǱӵָҶ
ǣ죡
龳۷ӷɣƺҶĲ˵ʱҶ쾧سʣֱӵİǣ
ǣҿɳΣܹնɱҿɳ㾡ܷ
ңָҶ˵š
ӷͬʱһҶ潣İǣһݣ£ëը
Ҷ棿
ףѵʢһնɱҿɳҶ棿
Ҷͷ֮ʣӷæӭﺫʯʯô˵
ʯһƣǵǸҸ˵
ߣһնɱ
ͷɱܾ͸ҽиܸ˾͸ҳ޵е˺ȥ
ոһİô䣬мֲҶ˼
ҶЦЦһյ֣սɣ
ܣܣ
ӷæͷ֮ʣæҶ滥
Ϣ֮ҲʶˣӷɶǵĽܼܺ򵥣ǸգǸǣȴӷɵܣҲڵΪ
ҲǸƺ«ı˵õþˣͳˣҲӷɵĺѡ
ӷˣǺˮˣӷ˵ڽѰһҩĵģû뵽֮̽£Ȼķһˮڡ
ڴ֮ǰѾžӲĴΣÿΣʧܸա
ѣںˮ˰֡
Ȼ̽ؾǵиأĵʱݣؾҷֵģ淢ֱҵõһѡûɣ
ӷȽ˹ء
һ㣬Ȼûκ顣
;Ķ࣬˭նɱޣֻϵĲϾ͹˭У֮ѡ˳Ҳ˹״Сۡ
ӷɶµĹأȥ㹫ƽȻĶӦˡ
ȻûΪҹζ࣬Ǿ͸Ͽɣź´´ߵӰӷһͲȣҴֻҵļһ㣬Ӻ
ҶҲЩӷΪλò̫ĺʯ˵ԭˡ
ӷڽ϶̫ˣǰԼ̽ĴΣѾ˺Щߵע⡣
¶Ȳ˺ϻ̽
ݣ
һһӥ㱻ڴҶһնɱͬһʱ̣ʯ͵Ծ壬̤ˮеɲǣһŴնȥ
Ѫˮðʯ»ع鵽ϡ
ӷɣվڰͷȵԽ͸ߵôɿ졣
½ˮڣҲ޳ȺˮԽԽ࣬ߵԽǿ
ֻʻںڽĺϣͣϮҪ˻֡
գ
ʻ˽ʱ֮󣬴ֻ֮ͣʣӷһȣʱɿնӷɵĴ£źĵһзȥ
ﱧĽСȴشǧСèҶķٶһϵģǰֱԹ
̽Ƶġ
ӷֹ˰֮ʣָ˵ؾ֮£


150 ڽȺ
䣡
˳аһƮ£ǰһʱҶԾаһºӵҶǰ
ӵĺڹĲҶ
ڽݣ
ҵ죬ôڽݣҪȫȥͽƾҲ˰ʮڽݾܻǧŹףµмɣ
ҶǵһģĺʯȴߵĺɫҶˡ
ϲ֮£ʯǰժڽݡ
ʦ֣
ҶһصĺʯȴЩˣҶ棬ﰡǺڽݰƾЩڽݣһˣҲֵˡ
ʦ֣㿴
ЦһҶֵһСʯӣСʯӷǧ׵ľ룬һڽԡ
ɲǼ䣬ڽԵһ󷭹һ˶ĺɫͷаͷһԲν⺧ˣ˻˻˼˻ȥ
ڽ˽۷޶ѣʲô
˵һ룬ʯʱһͷϵ亹ˣҶʦܣ˵ÿһڽ±ߣһڽ
ҪڽˣɫˢؾͰˡ
˽۷ޣ˵ǣǻ龳ǿߣҲŲס
ٺ٣ǻһΪѾڽʼɱˣӰгİǵ
֣ôҪ飬ô˵ҪóȻȥ
ڹŹһĺʯŭ
ոӷһЦһģ˭룬ˮʱһͷ޸ϮˣһЩ
ôɣҶЦ
Ƿ̰һ㣬ǿѾڽΧˣڽĻǲǾ˳ͨˣ
Ҷһʯɫͬʱ䣬㻹˵ϸһ룬ô¡
ǺǣҶֵ˵Цˣ⣬ѣ
ӷȻϣһָڽݵڣǰͨǴĴΣնɱʮڽͻڽΧĶӡ
һӷ˵Ҷк
ӷɹȻһʼûģǿġ
ȴ޷
ϾԷһλ龳۷壬λ龳ڣѹԵʵ
ңﶯ֣ڽǲĽ
ӺӵˮΣ
㵱Ƕɵϰô򵥵·Ӷ𣿡źʯĽ飬һЦ򰵺Ӷһ鴢е⡣
ʱʮż˳ˮ棬⻹أͱʳһ⡣
ƷҲߣؼ̫ˣҹƣȺӰϵĺڽҪ࣡ӷ˵
ˣ˶˳Ĭ֮С
ڽ˵ˣλ龳ߣҲԶԸ
ȻӷȷʵǽҶǵͨƬӰ
ᣬ˭û취ˡ
ǻȥû˸ģ
ǺӰͷƺһߴʯʲèצһ˵ͷ
Ҫ˻ȥ˼޷֮£˵
˻ȥ
ܣ죬ǾҲ˳һѪ·ϣǸѹ󣡡
ʲô˼Ծĺʯŭ
ҶǿˣҪǴȥӰӷˣҪƴһ
ϾǷߣ⴦ǷֵؾͲˡ
ûʲô˼첻Ӱ˭Ҳߡ

ˣа취ںʯǳòɿʱҶĻͻ˵Ŀ⡣
ʲô취ӷ۾һ
Ҷֱһָ̧˵ºӵʯͻأĶ
״ʧ֮ɫٴθӷɵա
ȴٴγЦ浱ɵϰϷɹȥ㵱ûԹռ̫СԴ󣬾ͻᾪ·ĺڽ
˵ǴϷɹȥ𣿡
ҶĵĿһ۰ǣ˵ڻǽһ㣬ӶϷȥĿȥȻʱȽϴ󣬵ɹͨĿԻǼģ
ĩˣҶֳ˵һΣ˵ٳЦңȻĻ㵱ɵϿ
㡭
Ҷ޹İǲȻŭʱȴӷɸס
ף԰ô򵥵ķôû뵽ҵΪϲ
ҶЦЦ˵
һ£ûܹ뵽ִ⿿ԭʼķءҶҲɽѪϿʱܵĽġ
ǾΪߣͷס;в򲻵ѣöڽ
˭ҪǾ˺ڽ˭ԼȥǴɲᣡ
һתӷԴʾľˣҶȴ⾯һ㡣
ӷɵ侯棬ǵУȴ׹䡣
һԾӷɾ׸ߵĶڣȥС֩һڶǰ
ţҡǶԾ˶ڸѡʵ·ʼУҶ桢ʯҲȺ˶ڡ
һ˶ڣҶתѧϢѪ˼¡
ò˵·֮һɫĺڽҶ棬ҲͷƤ顣
ڴʱСèҪҶڶϷԾֱҶ滹Ҫɡ
ҶĽСèò˼ͨﳤĺӰ
Ĵ
ִڳ˰ʱ֮ڳ˶龳ߣҲ

ǰߵӷͨƬӰвһ룬ԶǸʯϵȴԽԽˡ
ϲûй̶·߿ѡ·߶ÿԼѡġ
˭Ҳûע⵽һֱҶǰеİǵΣ֪ģȻ䵽ҶĲ󷽡
˰ӣʯϵԽԽҶѾܹʯϵǰ֣ˮ

ͻأҶİһոϵһʯضѣζһ׹
ǣ
ӷɸͬʱ
Ҷüͷȴһ壬ղǸʯҲոùܽʵôأ
ͬʱ͵һ׹İǶһȻҶڵĵطһ˹һߴţÿÿ
Ҷ󺧣طǰȥ׼յİ·
Ҳɲǣ׹ð֣̽͵ץסҶȣһͺݺݵĽҶ·ĺڽȺȥ
쵰ǣң
ŭȹŭȣҶȴΪһգŵ׹ȥ
ǣͷҶȴһ㶼ңͷԸӵ侲
һͨСè͵˳ССĻһţһڣͺݺݵҧ˰ǽٶ֣
һҧ֮£ǺεȵĴ
꣡

Ĳҽʱ򣬰ǵֶٸѣͬʱǵͲҲŵȥ
ǣСèĶȴûꡣ
Сè͵һܣǧصͺݺݵڰ׹ϣð׹ٶʱ˲ؾͳҶ档
ͬʱ׼Ҷһƺݺݵ˴׹İǣһƷ֮β
ߵɲǣҶ˫֣ץһ߸ͻʯεĶ˶ϣСèһĻҶԣ
飡
׹ֱҶһƵİǣӦûӦͺݺݵ䵽˵档
Уϰڽ̧Դصİǣ


151 ˮŸ
飡
׹İǵƷɣ貣һϮĺڽδҧǣͱǻɡ
ǻһڽȴʮǼʮڽ˻˻һڿڶðֱε
ǵڽȺɲǣǾ˾
֮£Ǿ͹˲ôˣ͵رŷɢļʮڽŶҶڴ˶£ʮڽ
ǣʲôҪ𣿡ĺʯ
һɣҶ롭
ݣ
ҶָһһɳĽֱɢ˰ҡҡɢĻشİǵɲǣֽǺ䵽˵档
ǣ
Ҷ棬ʲôǰҸӷͬʱ߳
Ҷ˿˵߳ͷ庫ʯ˵죬аڽСȶҲûϵ뿪
ͬʱҶ˫ϵ΢ļԪһҶʱݵͬһֻһ㣬ٵڶϷ
ӰϣҶһشİǣȴҲûԾĻᡣ
ٴεɲǣͱɰǧشＸٽĺڽģСһĺڽֱ˰ǵ˿ڣðǵĲҽˡ
ң
硭ȡҡ
ǵĲҽ뵴Ѫζǽڽɧ
ҲڲҶ˵м
ԭҪʱп·̣ڼʮϢڣͳܲڽݵĺӰ
ˮŸ
ϣ
Ҷ濴ʯϵĸֵɲǣӷɳͻسʣһ龳۷Ϊʱĵ˼¡
ӴϮɲǣңңҶ档
Ҷ棬㾹ɱֵܣ
ϣϣϣ
ʱһƬ
һ˲ĹĽͷֳӪңңԡ
Ҳýģһƺȫһ˫ϣԣҵҶ桢ʯϮ
ҶͨҲڷţ˿á
˼ǣ˾Ӧã
ңӦԴУ
;ܷһҶҲ˴Բӣ
أҶƸҶ汧Ĵ㣬Ѿ߶˷ƽ
ƽһӷҲԾѡ
˵λǻƴҲҸõضɣŲţҪٲߣ⼤ڽʱ˭ҲӲߣҿЦ
ߣɱˣԲܾôˣ
һߣӷսԶһʯųȥ
Ҷ桢ʯ˶һۣսӷҳʯš
ΪڽѾˢˢĽԴתҶˡ
ֵǣҶ̤ʯ֮ڽûһ㣬ԻתԵĵ̣֮С
죬ҶѪ֥˵аһҶѪ֥ȻĴڣ
쿴ʲôȻǾŽڲݣǺɫݵľŽڲݣ
죬⵽Ǵ˶ҩ԰ÿһҩóȥϡ䣡
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152 ̶б
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Ӧһʯĵһӣ˺̶


153 龧
ۣˣ
Ǳ뺮̶ʮϢʯܾ˺̶ˮʱĻѾ飬֮ʣһˡ
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ĵֱ˺ƶĤʱ
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ֵɲǣɷ


154 Ŀ֮Ǭ
ٺ٣֪ǵͷǰɣ֪͸ϽͷϴѪɷЦ
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ųƲɷϲưײƻĶɷһ뻯˵л龳߶Ե˶ɷϲûԶ
壬˳ƹɷԸΪŰֻҪвϲͻɱˡ
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ԣҶѡʡԼķʽս
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162 
ܿ죬͵˵ʮ֡
ǰֻУҶ桢սǬҡȻ˽Ǿʤʮ˷ֵĻֲеһ
˸һʯˣҶ棬սǬʮķλӵڰ
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163 Ū
ͣͣͣ
Сһ̽ţǿ䶷̨ĵʮֻ
ھȣʮ֮γһЩ仯
սǬҶ桢ȻԶʮֲеһڶȴΪҶԭ򣬻ʮ˷ŵ˵ġ
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ȫߣ̭̭࣬һߡ
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СµİͨҶͬһţȻСĿǰĺԴǽͨͨĸãȴͬһš
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Ԫɵ˰ɣ

˲أϰ˵ĿˮֱӽԪûˣҲû˽Ԫ˲أԪˡ
٣ҲҸӶģ
ӵȫҵһƽʮƿ浤ָȫˣ˭ӶԶģ
˲أԪܱߵŵӵȫʧˣЩԾĿŽԪڳҡ
ûԪʱЦûһȫ˻˰ɣ
ǲ˵սǬӮôѺԸˣ
˵ҶӮҾ͸ѺԪԸظĵ죡
һɲǣ˳ٴû˽Ԫ
ҶģԪҸԶģҵȫңѺˣ
ž
һ䵽˽Ԫǰ
һɲǣžžڶ
Ѻ
ҶģҸԶģģһҪǿˣԪҸգ


165 ս
䶷̨ϣҶսǬԶ۾㶼һգգĶŶԷսǬӣЩˡ
ˣ俪ʼ
ӳһ˲յɲǣҶսǬϵرˡ
˵޷Զƿʼ
սǬȻֳֳƵ˸һͰֱ˶ɵĳһ㡣
սǬȭģ۱Ҷնֻ֮ʣұһۣȭˣսǬֻܸ
ҲսǬҶǵһԭ֮һ
ӿƿ֮ʣսǬ紦յܣʼҵĻζ·ʲôڷĳһ㡣
˲أսǬˣ
ݣ
ϬĽɫɵĵ˺ѿһҶ档
һҶͫһա

սǬ޵ģȻԹƵĽϵ
ͣ
Ҷ쾧ػӳһƽס˽ɫ
һУֻǰѣ
һɲǣսǬеĳͬҰţһ
Ҷ棬
ħ
ŭУսǬгκһ㣬˼ɵҶնһɫĵâݺύ಻ͬһһϮҶ档
һ֣սǬóȫֱҶһնɱ
ǰٱƻ䶷̨սǬĵâУʯҷɣ
˻
˿ֲƣ̨µһƬ
ͬһʱ̣ҶҲˣһƽӭսǬĵâ
һ˲䣬䶷̨ϣƺˣΪµĵӣӰˣУֻʣһƬããĽ
顭
ҵĺ·𱬶һը쿪ΪΪ¶սĵǼš
ҵĺУҶθ߸ߵķ
ÿһνײҶΣᶼߣһʮνҶξȻø߸ߵƮ
ն
ҶƮսǬһǽɫӵϡ
Ҷͫһһ˿Ȼ
ǼʺʩչһΪ˷ķƽ
˷зƽеĵУƾۣ䣬ڿоӸʩչʱǿ
ԥģҶ潣һۡ
Ҳ֪Ǵģ˷佣ɲǣƺеİƣԼԼҶۼ
˲أ䣡
һһĽʱ£
ǰ˷µɲǣ̨еŹ澭һֱĪĿеҶ棡
䣡
ɫƽݺݵײһཻһȦֲĹ˺ѿ˷ȥ䶷̨ĵӣʱ
Ϊ£ҪϣһһѪ
ʱأвõ洫δķ𣬹⻪ҫ䣬ײһһ£
һУҶȴռһ˿ơ
ƽ䵽սǬĻϱߵɲǣսǬŵŵ
£еĵӣһĻ˲ؾ
ҵĸ죬Ҷʦ־Ȼôܹͣʦ֣
̨ϵĳǣһ洫ǣи¶֮ɫ
УҶ澹ȻܹսǬʵ̫ˡ
սǬҲǾ֮ɫоóһҶ֮ǰչ¶ǿƽҪǿ
ǣû֪ҶҲޱȵľȡ
˷䣬ȻֻսǬ

˷ڷƽ㲻ǿɱУҲǼǿġ
ѹĹ𣿡
һЦսǬһ˵һֻҶü˵Ҫˣ
𣿡
صȻҶ泤һڵĽͨ⻪֮ʣһ̤ͬһľսǬ
ƣ
һһ̨ϵŹ澭ųǣʱþޱȣ
ƽ
ȻǷƽ
ƽôǿ𣿡
ų𾪵ԭ֮һ
ƽ˭ᡣ
ǽʩչƽҲûҶʩչķƽ
飡
һսǬĵ뻤˲ش㣡
䣡
ҵײ£˽µ䶷̨˲ķѣʯҷɣսĵӾһƬ
ţţ
ӲҶһʽƣսǬ
սȴҶӵľ
ΪһͻƵ龳̫ǿˡ
龳۷ĸңҶ治÷ƽֻƽӮҶ涯÷ƽҶұ֤һ֮£ұض˰ˣ
ǣΪ̤뻯龳սǬȴѣ
²䣬Ҷһ̤Ƹǿһʽף¡¡սǬ
ŵţ
սǬٴ
Ʊɫ
սǬ
УսǬҶѹסֻƾΪӲ
սǬӶرͨ졣
̨ϵųǣ˷쳣峤Ϻ뽭Ҳסˡ
Ҷʩչķƽ̫ǿˣϷƣ׷Ϸƽδʧ֮ǰˡ·˵
ûϷʩչķƽǿˣ
׷ϣǿԸδʧ֮ǰķƽˣԽŹ澭Ļٴг
Ѫնƣ
˲УսǬƴˣϱŷ˵ѪɫһеնҶ棬Ҷ沽ϮĽࡣ
ʱٴ̨ϴս
սǬһһҶһһһһһһֲ
뵶֮γɵĳԽԽˣȫٵ˽µ䶷̨Χսĵӣ˳ǧףڳ˴Ŀյأ±
̨̨£Ѿûоˡ
ˣϢĹսţ´κξ֮
˵뷨УҶ龳ڵΪһλ龳ĴƴزѾ԰ˡ
зƽѾʩչˡ
ǿɱзƶķҲֻܽսǬƵúԱѡ
ȡʤ
ڹսڶųУѹûҶȡʤϣ
ҶĿȴͻһʱӦòˣ
һչһǷٴκ
ߣһУˣ˰ɣսǬһնӭϣ
ʽ֮£ҶͬƽսǬѾûиտʼǰǱˣ
Ҷ治ԣһ̤һзףսǬ
սǬһ缴ӭϣҾɲǣһּȱϢ˲
ɷ
ҶĽâȻɫ
䣡
һ缴ģ
Ҷһз׵󲿷ֶսǬĵɢֻһСսǬؿڴĻ
һֱ⽣սǬûӲģҲֻӲ
һΣҲ⣡
һΣȴˣ
ɭɫĽϵɲǣһĨֱĺսǬĻѣ
ûѣɾ˵ĺɷֱսǬĻϱһ㱡սǬĵ
߶һڻϱߵļ飡
ҲһʱɲǶûУɲǣȴҶᣡ
Ҷ潣жûսǬɲǣһɺɷԪָ˲
Ҷڴ˿̷˾˵á
ɵԪָǺɲǣսǬ
һΣȴǺɷʵʵսǬ
УսǬĻֱӱɷѣһֱĺڣսǬɢͬʱҲսǬж
ݣ
һչ쾧ɳĺɷսǬ£


166 Ļ
ݣ
ɷһն£սǬȴΪںɷ֣ӽӲٶ˲ü
սǬҲ˵ãͷĿŭɣڵйһŷ
ŷ֮ŰĺɷԻ⣬壬Ӳİʮɡ
ǣҶĺɷӰεȥڱһɲǣٴһƫҶĺɷսǬҼһ£
ס֣
ɣ
Ҷ
Ҷ棬ȴûκֵ˼սǬĴҶأҶŹ鷳

龳ǿߵĿֲʵһ̣չֵ쾡¡
Ȼֻǻ龳һأҶĺɷսǬͷɲǣһǰδеƾղ
龳ǿԼ̺Ѫе׵ıһ룬Ҷ溮ɷ;
Ҷ׼ֵɲǣһּΣյĸо
ҶӦûӦһӡشӱɱһ󣬾Сһ㣬Ҷ
ʱҶŷӦŹ澭ˡ
ϣҹȻкͬʦֵܣ
峤Ϻ뽭ŭĺɲǣ峤Ϻ뽭ξ͵һǽҶ档
ϲҪģ֪ô
Уηɰ׵𣬼ͬʱһҲĴܳϮҶĺ뽭
һһ˫˫Ϯ֮£ո˳峤Ϻ뽭Ȼηɰ˹̨
飡
Ӵѣ뽭Ǳĺ岽վΡ
ηɰ׵սͲСӣ֮£뽭ֱӳһ
ˣ˶ò𣿡
Ź澭һȣͽٴγֵĺ뽭סηɰŮػһ㣬һһҶϷ
һ㣬ػҶ˼
䶷̨ϣŹ澭ѾҶ棬һսǬĺ󱳣սǬˣǣƸմսǬıʱ澭ɫͱˣ
̨̨µˣȴһ˲䷢ı仯ôľ
վ𾪻𾪡
龳ʦ־Ȼˣ㱻Ҷʦָɵ
龳ڵҶʦ֣Ȼܹսʤ龳Ĵڣ
峤Ϻ뽭ȻηɰӸˡ
һɲǣ˸оƺ̫ˣ̫ˣ̫Խˡ
Ȼʯ˵ŵȥһȭͷ
뺫ʯҶı̬һǳȻ뺫ʯȴһ
Ҷżֲˬ
һ̣һвˬɢµĳ
꣬ԭҶսʱûóʵˡ
ǳȻǸңҿ϶ֻҪҶ־Ͷ÷ƽҶֵ¾߲С
ԭڴѵķȴһ㣬ֱɵˡ
ҵ죬ھսʤ龳ڣΪҪͻƵ˻龳ǻ˵ã÷ԪԾ
ǰжҶпܻӮЦǰҶпܻӮǣ뷨УӦܾ˺Ҷ΢ƻʤ
Ŀǰ֣նɱսǬķʽ
洫ŵϣҲǾ㵡

Ź澭սǬŰĺɷ֮󣬳̾һ
һ̾ʱҶһ˿ΪŹ澭ֹԼնɱսǬԹ˸ɸɾ
澭һ̾ҶףŹ澭ŰҶ棬ѾΪͻƵ龳洫ֻһʽսǬڵĶ
һŵʵģŵųжǿ󣬲ж٣洫ӵ
洫ӣһδļ
Ź澭УҶսǬһҪ
ҶսǬ֮ĶԹŹ澭ҲжţԣҶսǬս֮ʣŹ澭һֱʱ׼ţһб䣬ʱ֡
ҶսǬеκһˣԸ
һսҶܣŹ澭Ҳԥĳ֡
ǣʱ׼ţһߡ
һ
ҶսǬҼĺɷΪֱĹϵɷһǰδеٶ
澭־ʱѾˡ
ʱ򣬺뽭Ҳܵ䶷̨ϣ״ҶСĵĺ˵Ź澭ࡣ
ҶǵһνɷõʵսУҲ֪սǬΣǿŹ澭ģƺܲ
һ峤Ϻ뽭üʱһĨ֮ɫʱա
ţͬУڵĴɣҶӣȻŴϣȻкͬţţ£һҪʮһ
ҪȻڵŹ֮ϣȻ޴棡峤Ϻ뽭ŭ
Ź澭üͷֵĿһ峤Ϻ뽭鳤ϣڶ淢ѣȴ̫ˡ
£ȴǲô
Ź澭Ϊѵʱηɰ׵ŭ
պģƤģûôƤģ
˵˵սǬΪͻƵ龳ˣΪγٳٲ洫ʽ
һ龳ֻȱʽ洫ӣȻ𽵹ԲμŵӵŴȣпɾģ㵱ﶼɵ𣿡
սǬҪʲô˭֪
ΪˣŴȣΪǶϱ֮ºˣ˲ɷѡ
϶ã۵鲻ֹᷴҶ棡
Ҹսٻغϣڸƴʱ򣬸Ҳ֣ŲԸ֣Ҿܴ㼸͸
Ƭ촽ǻǹһ㣬һֱͨú뽭ƿԣҲ뽭ոڶͷһѻƽϢȥ
ûʦֶ龳ˣμŴȣⲻѧ
϶Ųɸ˵Ŀģ˻ᱨϱ֮
Ⱥڵ۾ѩģսǬ״転ļƣﶼˡ
˵ˣսǬμŴȣнյĻ£
˲أڶӿҶսǬĿͲһˣԭʦֲǻˡ
һб仯սǬѾˡ
սǬĿն͵Ķա
䷲ϵ£췭ظЩսǬʱĸо
ȻŹ澭û˵ƾΣսǬԼȴ
ұҼ磬أû˸о·𲻴һ㣬ú÷ǳѡ
࣬Ź澭µһ˿֧£š
ɷֱѪ̫֮ˣϢĹ򣬾ʹݻ˿ڸһУ࣡
ûˣұۣ
ұûˣ˫ȣ
Ƿء
ζӿͷսǬǰһڣʹ˹ȥ
һսȷʵգҶʤǿȷʵ֣Ϸ򡭡Ź澭һ䣬Բ˳
˵䣬ιȥսǬ̾һ鳤ϣȴսǬȥɣȱʲôҩģڿ֧ȡǡ
˵꣬Ź澭һԵ߳뾰ȵӳϣɣ
ߣ
һ峤Ϻ뽭ĿݺݵĶҶһۣűսǬ뿪
ȣ
ɤӣ߳뾰ˡ
Ŵȵ˽潫ϷβŽ


167 ŴȵĽ
Ŵ£һŴȵȫʤ¼Ҷ棬оսʤʮ˷λеһ
ӳҶõһʱȫ׶
ӳϵϵ⻪һãԭλʮҶ棬ֱԾһԭһսǬ˳䵽˵ڶ
Ϣ֮ӳϼ
ڶսǬսʤʮλеڶ
ڵһҶսǬõΣȴ˹ƣ
սǬ龳ΪμŴȣһսиҶˣǰ;δһǧɡ
ӽŵУʦֵĳƺŽһȥԺĴʦ֣Ҷ棡
ңоսʤʮķ֣
Щϡû취һŴȵķͷȫҶռˡ
ʯоսʤʮ֣
ʯӦǱһƥˣȻĻĳȻ
εúʯϲãǳȻһȴǺںڵġ
ʵ֮Ĳ̫ˣȻ뷨Ǳû뵽ֱӵ䵽
Ȼоսʤʮ֣оսʤ˷֡
裬оսʤ֣ڰۣоսʤķ֡ھޣսһʤ֣ʮС£սʤ֣
ӳϵĻأϹ⻪˸ǰʮ˷츲صı仯
棬䷢
һڶӵĶʱ֧Ȼûǵķݣȴһ㶼
ʮÿ˽Ʒ龧һٿ飬ؽƷԪһöÿ˽Ʒ龧ٿ飬ؽƷԪһö
ڶƷ龧ٿ飬ؽƷԪһö
˵ӳϵ΢΢һ٣ֿڵһƷ龧һǧ飬ؽƷԪһöؽƷؼһ

ʱ˵һƬҶ۾һУҲЦ
Ÿһݽȷʵ˵ģϵҶҵһˡ
Ʒ龧һǧ飬ǿӲͨ
ҶΪͻƵ龳£ΪոͻʱһҲİ˿Ʒ龧ΪﵽкڣתԪÿƷ龧ֱӷ
µʱڣҶΪͽ龳ڣǵҩ龧ȵȶ෽Ŭȫ濪µĳɹ
̶µʱ䲻ĵһǧٿƷ龧ҶƷ龧ֱСǧ顣
һǧƷ龧Ľϴٰ֮ڣҶǲõõƷ龧ˡ
ؽƷԪֵ˵ںˮһŵؽƷԪֹãҪٿƷ龧˵ؽƷļֵˡ
ؽƷؼҶΪĻ׼洫ݣ̫ϡ
ǣһؽƷؼУҲҪʮŹ׵㣬ֵӣһʾ޴ĲƸ
ҶЦʱ洫š÷Ԫԡ洫ӣȴԼͬưͣһȲѵģ
Ϊ̤뻯龳ϾҪΪ洫ӵսǬĨμŴȣҪʰҶ汨ϱ֮⣬ݽҲԭ֮һ
Ʒ龧󣬼洫ӣ£һҲֻܴȡƷ龧һʮѡ
һεĽҶ͵õһǧ顣
˵ŴȽ֮ߣǡ֮ڵԭ⣬峤Ϻ뽭Ҳǳ٣齫˴ŴȵһĽֱӷ
ԭ뽭ǸԼĵսǬıģȴǱҶ档
˶ۺݽʱӳϵȴûͣ
⣬˴ǡ֮ڣһº󣬽ɱŵһҶڣμᣡ
᣿
ʲô
ǺڣֻĹ
һʱ䣬۷׷ףҶҲǺ治ѡ
ЩиļСŵͷͬʱҶĿ⣬ҲǳС
ֻΪ͵λﵽһ̶ȣ֪ĳЩš
£ҶҲżȻѾڲμˣôʱȻҶ֪
ҶߵѣǷźͽԪ쵽Զĵĵӣȴǲ̸ˡ
ǵעǫ̈̄ϰ䷢Ľû⣬ῴһѺڽԪǰĴָһģ׹޵Ԩһ㣬һ³
ǴָУǵȫҡ
ҶսǬս֮ʣΪԪѺȫҲҪͦҶ棬֮£ǾѺԸȫҡ
֮⣬ˣ˻ݺݵĿӽԪһѣϾԪҿɲǸǵģڵʱսǬѹûκĿܣȴԼˡ
Ҫȥһ꣬ͰŬˡ
Դһ䣬ǵʧɾͺȥµģɲֹǰʱˡ
û˵ûɣҶӮˣ
ҶӮģǻţɵ˰ɣ
Ҷվ콱̨ϣԪЦģԼ˵һҪˡ
Ц䣬ԪһץǰСϵĽٸָȫҲƵŵӵĴָߵĲƻ϶ٲˡ
ԪģٺѺԼȫҵŵǣ۾˲غˡ
ǿԼȫҰ
пܣ벻һе
ǣԪĺֵҶ棬ոնŴȵһ䶷̨أǾҲûǸ
һʱ䣬ŵӸ۾ɵøƵģҧñ죬ҲֻĿŽԪǵȫңһץ
ôǲǺʹʹ
ʹͶˣ
ڶŵΪԪģŭյʱ򣬽Ԫһףٸָͱ˳ȥ
ŵǣ
ҸǶģΪӮǵңֻΪ֤ҵֵܣһУ
ЦУԪЦȥʱҶ֣ҶһȾư
Ҷƺ̨ϵӳ˲ؾˣŶͣҶϽġ
ԸָŵӣȴǴˡ

ĵŴȣʹĻ˺üٷ壬عڼžΨһıģŵӲ෹̸ʣӵķḻ
ŴȽ֮ǰĸļСˮĸԻع飬Ҷ֣֮ڣʹ˺ˮȺ塣
ǴСļ׷׸Լҵӣ߽򲻿ɵҶ棬Ҷ棬һҪܽύ;Ź
һʱ䣬Ҷˮ⣬£
һУڵҶ棬֪
һգƷĺִ£ͻ̤Ů壬ŮŮĴ£Ҷľҡ
Ҷʦ֣ļһ⣬˹
飬ҿ
ҶԴϲ


168 ֮
ˣⴳĸ׳Եúã˯㣬һаãΪǵ֮֮ڣΪͻƵԪ
ż飬ҶۿЩʪ
м䣬ǹҶ棬ǽҶģһа֮ġ
дúܳ܆£ҶȫǸĸŨŨĹذ֮⣬ҳʱҶüͷһ
ǰ͢ͻضԸҶҶΪͻƵԪΪɣҶΪ䰲ξΪ̫ƽƽĵһˡ
Ҷξ̫ضƴӡ
ҶԴһԾΪص壬䰲ҲǳԵÿ
Ϊû죬䰲ءξһλΪ쳤СүǰݷãĶŮʮˡ
ʮλ绨Ůȫĸ׽ѩˡ
ҶЦϲ󾽵ģ檣Ⱳûϣඡ
쳤ҶǼģڴϣ쳤ΪĳӣҶ澴ơ
仰˵ҶɳΪξĶ䰲ĿضҶмӣȫԴӵˡ
ǻ£ȻҸĸ¹򣬲ȴˡ
һΣȴ߶·ӣҶøС
ңݴŴ֮ǰʹģҲǳˡ
֮⣬Ҫһ£Ǵ߻ˡ
ʲôҵСҶСһ꣬Ӷ·ˣҶһҶŮܴˣҶͬҶˬѾɵڶСˡ
ܣһѣʹ߷ˡ
ﻹ˵䰲кܶĽףǹһһˮ飬һһƯҶҵżҪˡ
ΪҶܾΰǣҶǷһûҴӦ
ڣ͵Ҷؼء
Ҷ·
һ·ǳջؼ飬Сӡ
ڶ·ҶϱؼңӰġ
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ŮߴһʯϣҶϥ·ʯһ㣬ңԶĿƣһġ
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ÿ죬Ҷ涼ҪɽϿʱƾ桢䡣
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169 սѪ
ʱһĹȥһ֮ѹֵǣﲢû֪ͨҶȥμʲôᡣ
ҶҲ⣬Ȼû˴ߣץһʱΪѾȥμᣬӦƲġ
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ƷٶǼģ龳߷ٶȵʮ龳۷߷ٶȵһʱɵķɳǧ·
Ʒһһҹ֮󣬱ĿҶ桢ңʯˣͬʱ۾
׼ȷ˵ǱһľϢѵģҶԵСèëը˿
Զһɽʯᾣһ·һǹһ㣬ֱָ񷣬·һħһ㣬ɢ˲Ϣ
Ҷ˵ϢǴɽɢġ
ǰɣǾͶˣħɽˣ
ӳЦţеĿ⻪˸䣬ƷͷһŰɽбȥ
ɽӪѾεضԼԼͷܶʮ⣬һֻᷭո£ʮŽԪзεĵӣڴ
Ʒ£Ҷ£Ԫڵ˲ͣе顣
һԪڵӣȻŵǰЦһײȻûˤǣ󣡡
˵ʲô˵һ飡һӻĸ͵̤ǰһ·һͷһ㣬ĿĶԪڵӡ
֣ү֣أԪڵӼԵĳҶԸĿɣһģһ˵ղûˤţҾ˵ˣҧ
ֱðҶ棬ֱӶ֡
ݣ
׷ǲֱһ̤
ҲԪڵŵùͷˣҲû뵽Ҷ֣ҲҶٶ̫죬̫ͻȻˡ
˲أҶξͳǰһ̽Ŀסʺ
ҶԪָӿֱӶԪڵӵĺĿϣǰһͣǽԪڵûųͱҶԪָ˺ĿƤδ
Ҫ㣬͹ԹԵģڵ춯ҵ֣ͻʺ齣ͻ̴࣬һҶһ̵ּ˵
Ԫڵڱӿ˲ֹͣ
·ֹһֹͣ
Ϊоĵ齣͵ش̽磬ֻ࣬һ粻ľˡ
ʲô
쵰֣ˬ
ʱڴʮλԪڵӲŷӦ˹䣬ˢˢˢľͰΧҶ桢ʯҡ뾰ˣ


172 Ǵģ
٣뱻ҽģ͸ӷˣԪڵŵ۳Ҷŭ
꣡
ͷѵӱҶס֣ˬʺ
ߣԣ˭ҶЦ
ʯʣƿ쭣ӳһţ̤ǰһ˲ؽʮԪڵĵӱƵòˣ
ͬһʱ̣ӳϵĴҶĶҶ氡ˣڿɲɱˣ
ϣ֪أ
ûƢ˰ϸҷˣ
Ԫڳδһõŭĳ˹һߣһСӣҶǽԪڵˣòͷˣ
꣡
Ҷһƣһ˾֣ˬͷһҽУͷֱӱҶϣһ˺ĹǲӶ¶˳
Ҫһ֣ҾͲȫĹͷ
ӣҡ
꣡
֣ˬһǣȻӲıҶ߿ߣѪӿ֮ʣ֣ˬҽУǣȴһҲҶ
Ҷ齣ֻ࣬һ磬ķԴЩҶûɱԸɱԸ
Ҫ˵ĽԪڳΣӲĽ˵Ļ̽˶ڣĿһת鼫صĿ뾰
ʲô˼Ѫƴһ𣿡
ѪƴѪƴǽԪڵĵӣϷֲûɱ
㵱ϷĲϷƴ˶ˬһĸҲ׬ģһһĨֲϢӽԪڳ
޳ϣʲô˼ˮjߴһ߳ͬʱͬj߳ˮʯҲŭ
ڣҲˮڴӦӦ
Ԫڳʯŭȣ֣ˣʯˮڵӳȴˡ
ϣǸҪڰǵ˱˲ǡ
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Ļû˵ͱʯһȵõһƣȵüأѪ
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ˮˣˮһλӵĹˣСڵӣʱ뽣ԪڵĵӶ
ҶУȴһ˿֮̾ɫˮܹ˿Ҳûеƾʯһ仰ˮڵĸ־;Сˡ
Ҷɲָʦֵ鷳ç򣬷ǿ˺ˮҵ񣬲Ķ֣׼һڶġ
գ۵Ĺ˫ͱƾʱԪڵһӳϣҲˣ޲
ֹ˰ɣֹˣĵӷ˰ɣԪڳκȵ
ӳϿڣҶЦˣ˿ԣȸǵǸ
ʲôǸɫһ䡣
Լɵ£ǲ֪𣿡Ҷȡ
ʱζطӦ˹СӣҲ̸Ҹ̸
ãӳģ֣ˬ
ҲαʮѿɫҶ͵һץ֣ˬ˿ڣԼǸأٲһ飿
֣ˬҲӲǣҶֶοĽסˡ
޳һ䣬ͲһСǣҲ龳ߣҩ꣬ܳҪһˣֱӾͲзˡ
ɾˣϵͱöˣɾͳױɲзˡ
ң齣߲أ
Բ𡭡ҵǸҲˡ
֣ˬֱˣԪڵˣǳڸ߲һʱˡ
˰ӱˡ
˭˼ֺĺأ
𣿡
·ϣǲӴ߶ᷭײǵģ
˵ǲǣ
ǣң£ԩ֣ˬˣǣҶģҪԩ
ߣ㣿ĸӸ£
֣ˬסˣ˭£ﶼ֪˵
һԵĽԪڳεһѾˡ
ȷҪȥγһǿѹŭȵ
ܺðʵϷҲ֪ĸӴ߶ᷭ͵ϮǵģӳϵȴǼΪᶨ
Ŀһֿjӣˮͳ˧ǺˮǴҽԪ۹ս𣿡
⡭j˲زˡ
սͿսǽԪ۹ֲûǽԪڵ洫ϷҲ׹һأjԥʱˮڳʯjشˡ
ðɣ㲻˵Ǹɣ˵˵Ǹ͵ϮǵĹǸҾͷ㣡
Ҷ仰֣ˬ޵ĶˣⲻһɱҶǸǱˣǳΰ
˵𣿡ҶЦЦ䣬һִֻȥ֣ˬĿɡ
㷽ſſǣ˵ҧ㣡Ӳҧ㣬ѵͿԣ

Ҷ֣͵ȥ
˵˵
˲أ֣ˬ
ԸȣǾ仰ʵڲʲô
ҪǣǰҶ֣֣ˬѾҶǸ˵
˵Ǹ߶ᷭ͵ϮĹǵǸǲԣǲð·͵ϮǣоҶڷ֣ˬ۾

ڡˮڡˮҵ˷ЦԶļϣҲ˴Ц
ԪڳεѾɫ
ãҶ˵㻰˵ˣͷ㣡
һƣҶͽ֣ˬ˳ȥ
ͬʱԪڵŴʦ۵ɫһ䣬ʲôҶ棿
ŭȼ䣬ξҶ棡
ӹ
һŭȣ׼ĸҵұȻǺ
飡
ŭȱϮҶ۾ͱҺõʮһɲǣӶͣ
ˮ뽣Ԫߣ˲سŶš
ߣǽԪڵˣȻϲ͵ϮǸǸӷɣҲ
ͷתҶѾ⵱еǰ
ںˮŸ⣬ҶΪɱɷӷɵ֮ͬҶ֪նɱӷɵ飬Ԫڿ϶֪
׼ԪˮУҶȴһ㶼㤣
Ȼնɱõܣŭ
ӷɿǽԪʮӢ֮һСӣնɱǽԪžӢǰҵںᣬСˣ
ߣӣǾɣǽԪ۹ҪսѪ죬򣬺ߣ
һߣɫѿĽԪڳϴµתȥ
Ѫƴ
Ҳң
Ԫǰӻ۹ӺˮɽսѪ죬Ǳ˭ء
Ҷ棬ڵĵӣˬ̹Ԫڵߺ߳뾰ʱֿ˻
ˮ˶Цǣjüͷȴ
Ҷ棬Ժ󲻿˳嶯ˣսǾ鷳ˣ
j仰ЦǺǵ˵鶸ؽס
ӣĪΪǲԪ۹Ͳ𣿡뾰Ϊĺȵ
Ҷ棬Ȼˮ£֮ǣǽ죬ϷҪĴָ
Ԫڵӣúã磡
˵䣬ʯָҶˮڵ˵ûԺԪڵӣлᣬ͸Ϸݺݵᣬᣡ
Ԫڵӣһȫ侮ʯǴ򲻼ǳԵ޳ܼˣ
ʯϴһjɫʱò
ѵҶһ䣬ѡˮڵʯϣȻ֧Ҷ棬ûκ
ӣһ㣬ҪμǣǴģѪƴģʯһֽѵ˵
ӵһˣǹֵлʯϽ̻壬Сˣ
ʱ߳뾰ʯһӵ˼ǡˮѡʲôţ
ʯȴεĿЦеɾ͵ĻӾô࣬еѡ
ˣҲɣƻвһĹħɽħսҪ
䣡
˵䣬ŵͻһһζһŨѪ⣬ħɽ߷գʱѪѪģ


173 ָӥħ
Ѫ긴գűȾѪգ߳뾰Щʧ
ħսڵǧѾʼѣһʱ䣬ħսĴžͻῪɣ
ûãڵҲˮһʮˣȴͬһ
ڽħսǰӵĳǣкܶעҪġ
ˮһʮˣʮһ߼һӳһʮˣλǴӵĳϡ
ӳħսĴţǳ죬ÿһοֻܽʮߣңʮֻǻ龳֮µ߲ܽ룬ʮ󣬾ͻԶرա
ʮߵ֣ÿҿԽʮߣսѪ졣
һ죬Ҫħսˣڽħս֮ǰϷ򽫳ǰͷ
˴ᣬΪҡΪնսԣ۴ǰʲôԹҪ£׿һУϺĿ꣡
ǵ˽ħս󣬻໥ĶǣѰԹ£˭ˮڵӣڵӣֻǻӵܣϷضȡ
סû
⼸仰ˮڵʯ˵ɫjɫҲΪ֮һ䡣
ʯϵĻϷĻǹ˽˽˭Ҫǹ˽֣ߣ߳뾰Ҳ
ߣ˭СҲһҪϳjɫЩڵӦһ³档
Ҷʱŷ֣ˣǧҲڡ
ǧΪҵֺ꣬²ǧΪҲ龳ͻƵ龳ڡ
⣬ͬjΪҳԱǰģǱһ㴣ߣһѪɱ֮
һΪսǾҳһӾѪɱгɳ꣬龳۷Ϊ˭ҲСӡ
һˣΪţ࣬һλ˾սƴɱССӳӶӳٷ򳤣ǧ򳤣򳤣һһӡ
Ȼֻ龳ڵΪɢϢ֮սҪֲ֡
Ҷ۹һţ࣬Աȵǧ
ˮڵĵӣ龳۷壬һ龳ڣȥڵʵࡣ
ǸĿĳ֮⣬ˮڵŴ١ɢϢ⺧ˡˡ
һǺˮϵӵܣһǺˮɵϼڵӣΪ龳۷Ϊ
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˭ҲҶ档
ŴȣҶ˻龳սǬ֮£Ѿ˺ˮˣǼλ龳۷ĴڣҲҶǰڼӡ
˴սսѪã;ܽսѪ죬ˣսѪҲܱߣʯ˵
һ£ʯϵҪʱǿ۹ŰֱֻЭǣ
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棬ڵӳϣǽһ½ħս֮עӳʮǰǽħսʯ˵
йħս˵ܶ࣬׵˵ħսϹħһС͵
ľÿһѣħսͬı仯ԣǰ˵ľ飬ǵô
ǣħսα仯мطԶ仯ģ˵ݣǶҪˣ¹ش˴ĳɰܣغǵϸˣ
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һħսһսÿһοѵľħ꣬ǧƣЩħ꣬ԾΪλж
ЩħĸʵǿԼֻԪ۷ʵǣһЩɽƵļһսٶȡͻɱĵ
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˶ӣǵһ˵£Ψһѡ񣬾жԶܶԶħ˶ӣ龳߶ɱ
һ֧ħǵȴΨһĽ
ڶ仯ģսħħһоȴţǵĿ꣬ǻ㹻ħ꾧壬Ȼħ꾧壬򿪴ţħѰսѪ졣
סħÿһҪ򿪣Ҫħ꾧壡ϷĽǣҪռʮħ꾧壬ſԽħջ
ҪȻħ꾧̫٣ǽħҲȻ
ӳϣħ꾧λãǰʯһƵĳʵ
ʣȻնɱħսڸյľħ꣬ÿɱһͨľħ꣬ͻһħѪ
նɱһʮ˽õħѪֵʮͨħѪ˽ħѪͬڰٿͨħѪԴƣ
ԣʱĬˡ
񣬻һѡ
ħ˶ӣѾܹɱ龳ˣǵѡ񣬾ֻնɱ䵥ħѲ߶ӣֻߣʮ˼һնɱħ˶ӡ
ҲѶȣ˽Ż龳ǿߵʵ
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Щħ꣬ΣյġֻҪǲͻһ£ǶǵоĿꡣ
Σյģʵǵͬ࣡磬Ԫڵߣߡ
ǻɱǣȻϵħѪ
ȻҲǵĿ꣡
ֻҪ䵥ĽԪڵӡߣǶԷɱ
˵߳뾰ͻһ٣ԪߣȻǲݣԪߣ֮£ǿԡħѪ
ԣ˵ɫٴһ࣡
ǵģЩˣģͿǸԵ컯ˣ
סймң
ʮˣϤһ°ɣ⣬Լһ¼еķ򣬷ѶȵȣΪռ䲻ȶԭÿ˽ħսĵص㣬ͬӳ˵
ҶҲʮ꣬ˣѾˣԼԸϲãͬݵλǺѴһƬġ
ཻʶһjϵĶӳͿʼƶԣַѶ̶зȵȡ
һҹĹת˲ҹ˷ξҵĵضħɽ籡˴Ѫ֮⣬Ҳûʲô⣬ֻǣⷽԲգѪѪġ
ڶһ磬߻û֮⣬Ĺˣʯ뾰ҲĽʮ⣬ǣ
ŵǸ߳׵Ĵ󺺣ǹŰĹŵһܲ麣ʱ򲻿ӽ֮ڣ
֮ڣ麣ǷͻϮ龳߶ҪԴ
λ̱ԹߣΪ
ӳʱ۹ڣʮһȳƣߣȴ뾰ɫһ䡣
ҿ˵֣
ĿⶢȥʱͬʱȻָ
ǵģ˱Ϊָӥħ˵ӵƷ츳֮⣬צʩչó뻯ΪȻֻ龳۷壬λ龳ߣɱ
ҪǣȴǴ˵ԸΪɱϣʱжԶӶԶ
ָӥħ󡭡

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أ

ͻأɽХǵ޺д


174 ˮԳ
죬ܺ죡
Уֻչ׵շ·һ㻺ӪУȳľ磬˲ؽýĽԪ۹ˣ
쵰
һԪڵŭʱ򣬸ոմ·СɽĽɫԳ˫ȭ·һĴԸؿڣ͵ͷԪڵһ
𣡡
ХȷŰ
ǽԪڵӣȻɫԳôһ𣬱ˣ
һװͷΡ¶ı۰һֻŭĻͷĻͷ꣬Ϸ£һֹ˿ˮԳ
ˮԳȻǵؽƷˮԳʯϾ
ҲѵģҪˣǵһǸˮԳ꣬뾰ҧŭ
Ļ쵰Ϊᣬ֪˶ٴۣһΪֻ龳۷꣬շؽƷˮԳΪͣ
סսϣǵ˶ȡսѪͷʹˮԳͷߣжԶԶ
Ҷ桢ʯ˵ɫѾʮѿˡ
⻹ṳ̂ħսأô಻ǡֻ·ļһᣬûʼͱ쳣
ɫѿѿʵǡ
Ҷ涼޷ݸոյˣֱһС;ţС͵޾š
ʮߣÿܶۼͷޣǴˮԳĻͷ꣬ӵͷ͡
ÿߵͷУһͷǵؽƷޣģȫһɫĵؽƷޡ
ʮˣʮֻؽͣݣԸһ˾Ŷ´ˡ
ͷؽƷˮԳؽƷް龳۷ҲҪĶӵĴһȻһλ߸˳
ˮڵ洫˵ؽƷħҪɲ飬ĵؽƷֻǬѪݲֻ
ֲĹΧ£ζᵽսѪ죬ʵ붼Ĳţ
һȵᣬˣӣһΣһսѪ죡
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Σڵĳϲ涼Щˣк˼ͽϽ˹ȥ
ϵ˼ܼ򵥣սʱĹӿսѪ˭ãΨߡ
ĹõսѪָ̣֮ĸء
ҶʱҲĹȫӦһĹӵʵ
㻹˵ᴿΪۣˮǵ׵ġ
۹ڵʮӣȫ龳۷ΪϢ׺
Űʮߣֻһλ龳ڣȫ龳۷塣
Ԫڸ۹һʮӣȫ龳۷Ϊ
ʮߣȫͷΣȫ龳۷Ϊˮ龳Ϊߣĸ
䣡
ͻأһضɽҡħɽѪ䣬գȾŨŨѪɫ
ʱ׼ɣ
ڵĳϲ˻֣ϣ͸ԸĵѪŨ
ĶȴޱӴֻˮԳߴʮףɽ䣬һһ㣬ֱӿһʯɽŪĹӼɹ
Ĺĺɱ˼ǣߣȫǾеľ
Ҫɵǣۿ֪
ûκһţϧĽԼľƳȥѪƴңԪ۹ˮ۹𣬹Ű۹ЩˣѹܾϺ
ɽϣһ׼Ѫɫڻתţ·֮һ㣬ɢſֲϢ
ÿתһΣѪɫоͻһ֣ÿһΣѪӿѪɫоͻٵš
䣡
һҵĵضѪӿ֮ʣѪɫ͵ʮһʮ״СѪɫţȫ֡
ҪǰʱӰ͵شħɽе֮ܳĴѪɫš
ٶȣֱ쵽˼㣬ĳǣء
龳ǿߣҶüͷһ
ɹˣôõһؾڴɰռôãҲֵ̽һˣ
˵䣬ӰһԾԾѪɫš
飡
Ԥ֮дѪɫŵûзѪɫ͵رһѪ⣬ʱλ龳Ĵڣͱ̲⡣
ߣħսôýģһȺɵðڳϲЦ
Ҷʱӳ˵ħսֻл龳µ߲ܽ롣
ðɣʼ롭
ǣǵı壡
һλϷʮλߣʹʮֻѪſȥ
ٺ٣λãҼҺǵıͶΪӴײǶϽۣǿҵģ
ȳħսߣĹҲֻεȽ
ֵǣ龳Ϊƣ޲ãǻ龳۷ĴҲܵˮԳȻҲ˳Ľħս
ܿģֵ˺ˮߣ
·Ƿ·֮ŵѪɫУҶ水ӳϽ̵ķСèϵţͨȥ
˵߼ĽħսԼͲֿ

ҶֻһĪ˺֮ǰһһѪɫɵ磬ҶС
ѪɫʯͷѪɫСݣѪɫĵ棬ѪɫգɫСݣһѪɫеĶѪɫģ·Ѫһ㡣
˿ߵСèҶŷ
ˣˣˣ
Ҷ̧ͷ۲ķʱ򣬵ͳķĹ͵شԶ
Ҷ߾ͷʮ⣬ټŵսȶУλһѪʿսģһһǡѪڵĹ
УһӶŰ׼׵ħʿ˷۶еļ˰׼׾š
һ֧ƺƵȥޱ޼ʵİ׼׾ţҶڵķжһ·ħɢɷ۳һʵʵĳɷ֮ľɻңɽʯɷۣ
˲أʵʵɷͳ嵽ҶǰּΣյĸоҶĺëը
Сè壡
ҶһСèıȫ֣Ϳȥһߣ˲ط𣬻һ߿ɶȥ
Ҫ۷ٶȣСè죡
Ҷ浨Сǰ׼ħŵٶ̫ˣһĹʮľ̵˰ٲߣҶ¾ͳɵһٵˡ
Ҷһ·ɳŴת˸䣬תһƬ֣ո£һеĴЦ
ҵĵһȻô;ˣǣǵʳˣϣ


175 
𣡡
ণ
ͷؽƷһͷؽƷĺױܣͬʱ˸ոصҶ档
һλߣ촽ٵʶţȻط߶ͷ͡
ȥ
СèԴҶͨһХһɫⵯͺͷؽƷĺױܣ˲սһ
ϣ
쾧ʣҶһһѹֶֿ񱩵ϢҶƽɢҶ⾳֮ڶ
ޣ
ǰߵĵؽƷʨӸոһ棬ͱƽһ롣
ʩչطߣԵһ㡣һɱһͷؽƷޣʲôʵ
ǣҶľȣԶԶֹڴˣ
һɱʨӵƽûʧǼĹһ䣬һͷؽƷ߽ͷһ룡
еĴ㣬˲ת޾ľ֮ʣ鴽Х
̶Ŀ˲쳹ԭҪҶֻؽƷķͰٶѪתߡ
Ҫӣ
Ҷһ̤һ
ҶƽѾʶˣһȻܹ߽ͷ룬⣬ԴӲȱȲ߽Դ
з̴ٵڣǰٶѪһһһ㻤ߵǰߡ
ҶǵЦͻرЩ졣
ɫ䣬ֵĴ߶ٶѪƪֻһ룬Ҷƽ͹˸䣬ӱλһ롣
һֻͣͬʱһ
߾ǵͣò崫Ϲطǿ޽ϵһģ͵Ҳʧ
ڶһЩʩչĻͿֱܻӱͷ
һֻٶѪͱɱСèòµĺױܣΪһֱӱСèɱ

һҶͺɱһλ龳۷ߣλֻһͷؽƷޣʮλߵУʵӦһġ
߾һʵȫӵе֣ҪľѪιͶǿ͵ĿߵսͨȽ
龳۷ߣ龳ڵ߶£Ǻˡ
ȻҲλߵùҶ棬ʵ̬ͬǵؽƷ޵СèһɱؽƷޡ
Ҫǻߣ˵ͷˡ
һֽŵǹģô죬͸㶨һӣ
Ҷ淭˷ߵĴָ˴Ĳҩ֮⣬ûɶֵǮĶ
ߵʮͨħѪһԴЩʮ˽ħѪҶջ
ջģҪСèˡ
һĹͷؽƷĺױܣͱԵһ룬ؽƷ޵Ѫ⣬ҲǴ󲹡
ͺУСèͷҶһɫĵؽƷ֮ϲ
ֻȫˣ
Ҷһ仰Сè˳ķֻؽƷޣֻҳһ
أأأ
ҵĻζǵ𣬶ݺݵĲȵϵļ»ζ
Զߴʮ׵ˮԳڼٵıܣǳʮ׵Ĵ׳˫ȣһ׵ľ룬һ
ˮԳֻؽƷ޻ɻܣ׷ˮԳ
ˮԳļϣĻ꣬Ӹ£ĿɭĶҶ档
٣
һ֣ҶԥĻһչۼʱһ׹ɳ
ҶոշɳϢĹǻˮԳϵС֣ʱ˵ʬ壡
ɱҵˣ
ŭ߼䣬һɫĳ˻Уһ£Ϲ⻪˸һ֧ɫʸʱ֣
ݣ
ƿ쳹ɫʸͬһƿٶȿ磬ʮľ룬˲ɱ
ʸƷ
Ҷͷɲǣһһƽӭɫ
䣡
·ױһ㣬Ҷƽɫ˷鲻˵ɫ̸ɫݺݵײҶıĴҶʮĻһ飡
Ҷɫٴξ䣡
һʸƽ֮󣬻ĻҪǱţñɷ飿
ܽסһҲе㱾£
ŻͷĴﺣһһ֣ҪؽƷ޳ӥǰȥ׷
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ﺣĳӥҲһٶȼޣұΪѾﵽ˵ؽƷ
ȱΪֻеؽƷٶȿ϶ҪϲϣҪ׷Ļһܹ׷ϡ
һ£ﺣջǷ׷ɱҶ档
ͷͣȫް϶׷ϳӥٶȣˮԳǹǿˣԺɨħսĹߡ
ǧ˼ǧϵħأ
ʱ򣬼ˮԳ֮ǿҲǱɡ
ַգð
߷ߵ񹭣ʰͬʬ塣
ԶѾӵԶҶ棬Щơ
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£ֻƷʸƷ޷ʸġ
ƷܽԪɣƷܹԪֲĳɡ
ĳɵ֮£ɱͬߣû
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ҶһɳǧԶͣһɽСһ·ϣҶܹǧϵħţмʮ
Щħţڻ׳˽ڵħţֻҪ𣬹֮ǧŰ˶ӣʮСӶ۹ȥ
һ·ϣҶ濴ĳʮ˵ħţ
ҶҲһ֮ħţƺͬụɱ
ҶѾֵģа׼ħţкڼħţгħţ·ϣһ֧׼ħţΧһ֧ǧ˵ĺڼħš
Щħ˱ɱ󣬾ͻữһſħѪڵء
Ҷ浹ţѹҽӽǸ׼ħţȰ׼ħߵԶԶ֮Ҷлȥ
ǣǵڵصħѪȴȫʧˡ
ʱҶ볤һ仰ħѪһ䵽Ѫɫϳһӣͻ棬һӣǾߣҲҲħѪ
Ҷңңĸħ󡢿ħɱ˵뷨ʹ
ʮħѪɲһСĿʮգϣÿҲռһħѪϸ
ĿǰֵģֻʮСˡ
ɱ
һͳֵĺӶʮλŵѪĺڼħСӣسɽ࣬ҶϮɱ


176 Ʒ
飡
ѪɫҶƽײ֮ĳ˷ըŵŵţҶ
ɱ
ոձҶ˵ħʮ˽ٴγ˳һѪɫͷֱѪǧһ㱼Ϯ
⾳
һССħʮ˽Ȼֲҵƴɱ⾳ԲߣʱǱᣬʧȥս⣬
Ҷ˫Ŀһɣ΢΢һħʮ˽еѪɱ⾳ʱӰҶֺ
һޣ
ƽĹ˸䣬ֱӽħʮ˽ɱһȵСħѪڵء
һɲǣ쾧ϺŵƽСèɱħʮ˽뼸ħʿնɱ
ħʮСһսЩħʿҶҲ˸ס
ħʮ˽ΪԼ龳ڵ龳۷֮䣬ܱ߾ۼʿԽ࣬սԽǿ
Щħʮ˽սʮǿս·Ǳһ㣬ƴɱҶ涼һֳ
ǣӵеģҲһֱܵս־Եķӣͬ۵ûκӰ죬ս˵֣ȥǻĵ͡
ĵ͵ǻۣǸӵĿֲ
Ҫĵˣµġ
һ˵£Բħ˽
һ£Ҷջ˶ʮͨħѪʮ˽ħѪҲһССĿź죬һħѪĿ꣬ȴǲ̫Զˡ
ͻأдƿնӰոմӸ߿շɹҶͷͶһתۣҶ
˲أߣһǰһ󣬶סҶ棬Σǻ۹ߡ
ˮڵĵӣ
ڵĵӣһھͽҶݣħս֮ǰϸıϹһġ
λڵʦ֣ǣ
Ҷ湰ʺһ䣬ӳϻˮڵʯ飬ҪͻڵĵӣҪ
ͷǽԪһпܵõսѪĻˮڻ߹Űֹķڱһ̶ȵѺãǷǳҪġ
·
ڵӲǿø߸ߵģӸ£һֺģ
ոħʮ˶սһڵ־Ҷʵ
ħʮ˶ӣҶתʱЩڵӵ뷨ҡͷûаҲڡ
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ħѪȫ㣬ǲΪ㣡
Ҷǰ䲻ͷĻ˻֣㣬СӣӦңҪǽǰϽĻѾһˣ
гϵĽǰ¹ҶҲ뻵˴£ٴҡҡͷλʦ֣û
٣ƲԳԷƣʦܣϣɵСӣģΪǻڵĵӲɱ
ûǺˮսѪãɱ
һŭȣ־һǰһɱҶ档
Ҷʱú䣬ڵĵӣǾá
һ׷ǲ̤ܿնϮһ޾ն־ҶͨСèХһӭ˲
ڵʵӳʯУΪǿҶҲòСĶԴ
ৣ
ƽһתۣݺݵ־Ժ־ĻĲ˼£Ȼδ飬Ҳһ˸ģ
ǿĻ
ҶҲһ£ܹӲԼһ޶Ļ⻹ǵһΣҶƣ־Ļ㲻ǵؽƷĹҲǵؽƷеļƷˡ
쵰ң
һΣʱóǧϰٵ·һϮҶ档
ǻڵǧýؽƷĽ˵Ǵӻڵڽݳļֻ֮һ
ǣڵĻǺڹ֪׹һ׹ݳĻԲˡ
˵۷徳磬Իó䣬ʵ˷ʤ
ǰ־Ȼûнǧý۷徳磬ǧǧýҲǷǳĿֲġ
ֻԱ˶ԣ
ӵнͨͨҶԣǧýֱٳ

Ҷһ׼ȷĵ־ǧеһĽ⣬ȥ־ǧý
ôܣ
־
ͬʱҶһ̤ŵˢ־
ƾ
ҶսپСèսڵľӢӣǷǳĳ⼸ϢУѾһˣ
־һãҲֳŵ⣬ӭҶƾ
˲أҶľŵϾΪһͷ£
ףô£ôҵĲӣôðѪ
仯̫ͻȻˣ־̫죬Լôģûиף
ʦܣ
٣ɱǻڵӣӳȥȫң
ûǸˣ
һƾպ£
飡
Ҳ˵ãʵ־Ҫǿϼ֣ڵŵŵſ֮󣬾ȻӲҶһƾ
Сӣ㱾£
䣡
һֲĽ𣬽ưŲȥҶֱӶ˷ƽ
ͬʱоΣյĲĹ⻪Ҳҵ˼㣬
һ
Ļֱӱ飬ܲһпѪۣԵڵصɲǣѪֹסӿ˳
ȻˣûҪ鹦ǿĻҲǵһλӲķƽ龳ߡ
ڵĵӣȻ˵ã
Ҫɱң㲻ɱңҶὣǰֵĴǰĲмһ˵ȴһ˿ˡ
Ҷû˵Ѿɱ˻־ܲɱ
ܣ㲻ɱңҸǻڵһֲ죬ɱңҪù
ͣ
𣬲ĶͷʱһѪ
ɱȥţ׷ɱҶ
ڵһֲ죿
֣Ҷסˡ
ò˵ڵĵҾǷ
ǲ־ȻֳһƷƷֲսôǿԭҶ˿ռơ
ƷǴջˡ
ջȴ˵ĴָڵĶ
־ãʮƽһٿƷ龧ѡ
ǲңȴǷḻı̬һһӵܣƱʮƷ龧ȻŰ˰ٿ顣
֮⣬˵ĵҩ龳רõ鵤ƿָеĶʮͨħѪʮ˽ħѪҲһջ
Ҷ澪ϲǣȴǲָȻһöʮ׵Ʒ䡣
ҶĿռֻһ׵Ʒ䣬ʮ
һֱΪΪռĲ㣬Ҷ涼źüƷﱦ䣬ǳ鷳
ºˣҶʱָеĶȫתƷ֮С
ҶеĶȫװȥƷָĿռҲǴ´ࡣ
ⲽͷСԺȴҪСˣⴢָҲҪڸһģ
ȴܾô
ȷû֮ҶٵĴһʬ壬׼뿪Ƿ֮ء
ͻأĺԶ
𣡡


177 ս˴
𣡡
ˮԳŭ⴫˹
Ҷһն𣬾ͿĻﺣ߶ֻһ֧ħ˴ս
ħ˴ӵİ˽ΪǴﵽ龳أȻﺣƷ͸䱬ˡ
һĻҶͷƤˡ
쵰ר׷ɱҵİɣôôɵĳ󣿡
Ҷԥһ׹⼱ɶȥ
ɼ䣬ָбµ˽ƷץһѣʱĸǿȸٷУǷǳģ龧õĲ䡣
Ϣ֮󣬽ħ˴ӵĴﺣҶ벽ɱĵطͷᣬϵѪͺ޺޵ö˶š
ֽ쵰ܵˣѪûȫᣬ뿪ʱԲᳬһӡ
׷
ٴοˮԳﺣͺƺƵҶ뿪ķ׷ȥ
ɱҵ˵ģɣﺣУŭ档

أأأ
һħʮ˶ɱҶ棬ͻ𶯵Զ˳
Ҳ٣һ겻ɢ
ڵصħѪҶͷһĿӶȥ
ͬʱĻﺣųӥգߵҶ棬һЦǱڣӥ˫һ񣬾һһ㣬Ҷ׷ȥ
ӥٶǿ죬Ƶı£ҲǲСһ񣬷Ƽٶ˲
ڵСèδֻ꣬еؽƷΪΪĲ࣬СèٶȣȳӥҪʮ֮һ
ٶȵĲ£ӥ֮ľ룬ڲϵš
һΣҿӣ
ԽԽԽģ֮ľ룬ֻʮ


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
ӽʱ񹭣سߴﺣС
ˣ
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ٶȼ죬վ磬ǾվԷܵʱ䡣
Ǿ֮ڣ龳֮£鷢ľ룬ǼԷѹûκζʱ䡣
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Ҷͷϴϵ֧ʸʱһ
ǽΪ൱ڻ龳صİ˽ֱӺɱˡ
ɣ
ﺣָһɣ֧ƿյļХ۳һ֧ĸȻˮһ㱻ƿ
ͬʱҶһԾ쾧ʱֱǰŴӲ־ɻƷسҶУһɷҲǱֱǰ
䣡
һ֧Ҷķƺݺݵײһ˷ɲǣƽͬʱ
̣
ͬһʱ䣬еˮֱӱɷ˱飬˲رڶ֧䱬˴̶
ɷһĵڶ֧֧ݺݵҶؿҪ
һɲǣҶֶ־Ʒĺǰ
飡
־Ʒ飬ҲɹĽڶ֧֧ĵ£ֻһ˿ʸײҶĻϱߡ
ͬʱҶ治˷һ˼ߴﺣ
쾧𣬷䣬һ
ƣһ쫷һĽⶸ˼Ĵﺣ
һﺣɫǾ䣡
Ȼﺣ۹⻹еģһҪӲӵĻҪԴ
䲻ݷ֮ʣﺣ͵һĳӥľӥһƫͷ·׹һ㣬·ȥ
ڣֵ׷ɱˣ
һӰչҶǿһ׷˳ӥβһǷٴ
ӥβʱ򣬳ӥһ٣ܿҶĽ⣬м֧β𱻽䡣
ߣ
䣬Ҷ£Ҷ棬ֱƲ㡣
ֻҪˮԳؽƷĿֲޣôﺣ񹭷ӲﺣҶ滹û̫в
ֻǣӥٶ̫ˣԶ龳ߵķٶܹ׷ϵģҲ׷ϣҶֻѡ뿪
Ϣ󣬴ﺣųӥǰսĵطȴʧȥҶټ
ߣ´ΣԲˣ
ʧȥҶټߴﺣҲ׷ˣó׷ζޣںߣֻܵȴ
ңҲ⼸ֻ̫Զ
ƲУߴﺣ׷ɱҶıΪơ
ﺣһһΣѾ׷ɱҶˡҶܶԶÿһ죬׷ٵҶ档
ҶԼϵζѾڸˣ̫ˣҶڸζҩۣѹá
ҶƵǣһǰߴﺣ׷ɱҶjļѶš
ԼѶʱ֮󣬾ͻתƵص㣬ʱ֮ڸϵߣֻܵȴڶμѶš
ʱҶ汻ﺣ׷ɱȻعͷпյʱʱʱ
ħսһƬѪɫûԵı־񼸷ɱûмѶָʾû취ҵˮߵġ
ħս·ûоͷһ㣬Ҷ̽˼죬Ҳûͷ
һʱ֮Ҷ˵档Сèûȫɳļ޷гʱ䣬Լʱ
Ҫ֤һսӦΣ
ʱ޷ϣҶҲţһشѲѰҿܵսɱħʿ
ĿǰΪҶ滹֪ħʿǴֵģʱĳطͻͻȻһħʿ·һ˲һ㡣
ҲڽħѪ¾ۼһ
ݣ
ŵƽ𣬹Ĺ˸䣬ϾΪһһλħʮ˽ֱӺɱɳĽһɨʣµľλΪֻԪ۷ħʿն
նɱħʮСӣɣ
ҶļʰŵϵħѪٶȣֻҪҵħʮС㹻࣬չһħѪҲʲô̫ѵ飡
ˣˣˣ
ͳսشҶĶڡ
ϷһսĵսسҶҰС
Ҷһ
սս
ħУսսͱ飬Ҳǰ˴ӡ
սսĳ֣пǰ˴ӣǧţ˾ţ
ķһӶħʿ֣̤ĲɱڵҶƽ
˴ӣ
ҶһɲǣζڿնӸ߿뿪
ɱ
ħŰ˽ŭʱλһѪеѪɫѪɫһһҶ档
飡
ཻҶһڵһ㣬˵档
ˣˣˣ
ƶսһħʮСӣǾۼһҶ棡
ɱ
ħʿѪĺУһѪɫҶȥ


178 
ݣ
һʮƾʮη֮ԪĵٶȣҶЩԲˣæһƷ龧һսһ߻ָ
ħӵʵȴʮС˼ʮֹ
ԭҶһɨһƬħʿڰħУΪȻ龳ڣҶ治òƾܸ㶨
Ҷҵǣħеʮ˽Ȼսǰ࣬û龳
ҪȻʮλ龳ħʮ˽ΧҶֻӵķˡ
ˣԭƽնɱħʮ˽ҪҶ涯õؽƷķƽӦ
Ӧնɱ
ʮλսȺ龳۷ħʮ˽Χ֮£ҶӦͲˣ
ȴԽԽѣСèʼͣļѪŭ
׼ᣬҶ͵ذεضһʽ˷غ£
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䣡
ִ׹뽣ͬʱ£һǰһ׷ɱҶħʮ˽ֱӺ䵽ޣȻħѪûе䣡
ҶȴܲЩ
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Ҷ˳ǰٻıѪɫն
ħս֮Ҷ״θˣ
ħʮ˽Ҷѹ
׼ᣬҶٴνƽ뺮ɷͬʱʩչͬնɱսǬһ㣬ֱӱɱħʮ˽
˲غת
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ˣˣ
սУǰҶһֱûٳֵħ˽ͻرǵѪâǱӰܳһһʮ׵ѪɫҶ浱ͷ£
ݣ
Ѫɫ£ѪˣһɲǼ䣬·ؼ䣬Ѫɫˡ
Ҷɫһ䣬͵ջؽƣг߾٣գ䵽ֵĵһ֮ͨͨϣ΢΢һ
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֮ͨԴ
ݣ
ɫԴرǣһնħ˽Ѫɫֱ÷飬£ħ˽鶸ع̶һɲǣ
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ʩչʱҶĸоһԴӽͨбͨʱһ֡
ֱ仯ǳǳСﵽﾳҶĸ֪ǰȴʮĸо
ⱾԴȷǷܳã
һսҶջ˰ٿͨħѪ˿ʮ˽ħѪǰ˷׵֮ħѪſֱ֮ʮ˽ħѪɢ
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ϰԵģҶһؿռɨһ£һɨҶ鶸شס
һؿռڣһλɷħ˽ֵ
ҲУħ˽Ȼͷ켶ˡ
֮࣬ҶҲûж룬˸ƧĵطСè˻ָ֪ҰǳΣգҶҲˡ
ʱҶģܵСٷ
һȥСٷܲܽҶСèγ׵ذʱ
ϧǣǰʱ̫ˣһ½һҶѹûʱϰ
ҶѾ⣬֮һҪϰƷ󡣹ؼʱ̣Ƿǳõġ
ͨĻǰһţܸԼӳһʱ
̫ǿؼʱ̣ҲܾҶһ
񷽲ʮ˽սʱôһҶ汳ĵˣ;Բ֮ࡣ
Ҷֻԭش˰ʱΪָ˳ɣСèתʱ򣬾ٴ
뾡ˮ߻ϣħսеľԽԽ󣬵ǹսҲԽԽΣգ
ϵħŵͿշ𣬾ܽҶӿи
ҶСèɵúܸߣƲС
Ȼ䣬Ҷһǧ˺ڼħŵϷ
ڼħǧŵǰʮսսǰ˵ǵսȻܹƲС
¡¡ս˷ɲǣһӶħʿ˷۶۽ǧħš
˳ɽƵħʿ䵥ħڼʿ۽ڼħǧ֮Уٵ׳ţ
һħʮ˽ԻϽڼħǧ֮УҶͷͻһòһؿռħ˽һڼħ˽
ǡ
뷨ҶͷʱҶֹסĿҶ涼ΪԼ뷨е𾪣
еĻû֮ûɺڼħ˽ڼħǧ֮С
飬ҶѾˡ
ܹɹڼħǧ֮У֧ڼħ£õħѪ
ջҶ涼
Ҷʱ侲ϸϸ˼µĿ
̫ðˣǱʶˣһֻڼħǧţҶ漸ûκλ·
Щħʿ˾˵ıսıܣƺǱ֣Ҷǧħʿһ죬Ҳлġ
뻢Ѩɵûӣ
󣡡
ӳʯ˵õħѪԽ࣬ڽħõĺôԽ󣬻սѪĿҲԽ
˵ģΪԼΪ˺ˮƽҶôҲƴһѣ
˲أҶ˾ϣ
ж֮ǰҶȷһ¡Ǿûħ˽Ӱ֮ڵܹ֧ûã
ڵܹ֧Ҷ泤ʱûҶ嶯뷨ûκοԣ
յ쾧Ҷ䵽һؿռڵħ˽ӰϱߣĲڴһɲǣҶοʼû
˲أҶͻûһλ߽סڼһѪħ˽
Ҷ΢գĸ֪Żû֮ڵĳ̶ȡ
Ϣ֮Ҷһϲ


179 ߿ճ
ˣˣˣ
Ѫɫƽԭ֮ϣͳսķ·һǼشһ㣬ÿһѪڣ
սУһӶħʮСӣǰ˴ӣǴ˷СϪһ㣬ƽԭнħڼǧš
һ¶нħ˽Ҳ˷Ϫһħڼǧš
ħ˽ħʿȴвͬƨƨ۵ĸһֻưɫСè
ˣҶ棡
ûħ˽֮Ҷ淢֣Ҳħ˽Ҷ࣬άֻûķǳС
Ҷһ£Ϊ㲻γ䣬ҲԽħ˽Ļûɵάһϡ
֣Ҷ֧ħڼǧš
ǣСèİǸ⡣
Ҷ̫Զ³⣬ħսǴΣ
Ҷ̫ˣ±ħڼǧŷ֣ɱ
㿼֮ҶСèʩչǬС޺ĳ̶ȣԼһħڼǧš
ɳڣִ飬Ҷɲ
ͼħڼǧŵΪǷǳΣյġǽСèߣؼʱ̣ա
Ͼķٶȣܹġ
Сèȫٷ֮£һĻ龳ߣ׷ϵġ
Ҷƣжʧܱ¶ؼʱգôǧУֻħڼǧŵųڿ׷
ƾűԴһ˵׷ɱǱȽ׵ġ
ˣˣˣ
սţҶ̤սĵĽ࣬һ׷ħڼǧš
ҲСèСԭҲҶλħ˽ߵԭ򣬴Ҷ·ħʮСӣħ˴ӣûСè
ҶЩġ
һЩħʿһ㣬ҶĿбӵĿǰ
ͻأõɫ⣬Զڣ·һңԶĵһ㣬þòϨ
ڶμѶţ
ҶЩƣؼʱ̣jȻ˵ڶμѶš
£ҶӦþĸȥˮ߻ϣϢ֮ҶֱңԶеɫѶš
Ǻˮʮ߻һҲֻܹһĻħ˴ӡ
˵ħ˴ħǧţҲĶӡ
£õħѪҲǼ޵ġ
ҶļƻɹôҶпջ񵽵ħѪֱԼ
ᶨħڼǧš
ˡ
ˣħڼǧֻʮ׵ʱҶĶᵽɤˡ
һֻҪ߽ħڼǧŵľ֮Уһλվţͳɹˡ
˽ʿȥˣ
һҶģħ˽Ҷ̤֮ǰĶסҶ档
Ҷģ˲
ǰһ֧֧ʮСӡ˴ӣɶû⵽κѯʡ
ǿУȫս
ȫսħ˽飬ʱɱɡ
Ҷ˲ؾʱڼҶʱϰĹʱʮնɣشҶͷһ
ȫߣʣսߣն
ǵģİ׼װ˴ӣ£ҲҲȫնɱžɵҶ棬æһ䡣
Ȼħ˽ɱ֮ʱʧ޲£Ͳ뽫ӣ
Ҷĺëٴը
ӳԣǧŵĽӵл龳۷ΪҶ治֪ǧŵĽ᲻ʶԼĻû
Ҷûѡ
ħ˽еתħڼǧŵģҶģֻǸϡ
˰˽ȫȫߵо
һǾħ˽һ߳ף쳣ֲѪ⼫ʢķǰر
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潫Ļشֻһ֡
Ҷħ˽ָ£̤뷽ӵʱ򣬷ͻػͷĿⶢ˸ҶԵСè
Ҷͷһ֮ʣæ͵·շһֻɷУ߿ճ֮ã
ʱҶҲ˲ħڼǧŵǸʲôֻӲͷƤһ䡣
һ䣬ǻشʱҶԺһӦϵһ䡣
УǲģԵ޹ʵĴһ
ҶľǣڼǧŵĽ۾һ߿ճǾհɣ֮ڣкα仯ر
ʵģҶͨСèӶա
ҶȴǸӵľħڼǧŽı֣ʵҶһƲ⡪ħУλԽߡΪԽߡǻҲԽߡ
ȻǲԶˡ
پûѯʹҶշĵȵȡ
СһûҶ棬֧ӣһһ㣬һпɵǰ
еҶ棬ǻȺеһͷţһ㣬룬ܸо޷֧ħڼǧΪһ塣
ҶϸĹ۲Сʱ̤ܱ֮ħ˽һĲųƶսһ̤
䣡
һ˲䣬ҶֻԼħڼǧΪһ壬ħڼǧΧħѪΪһ壬һ״ĸоӿҶ塣
ڼӿ죬תٶڼӿ죬ζر࣬ħڼǧΧħѪΪ߽磬˳ȥ
ҶоħڼǧУսͻᱻٲ֪Ҷ״̬ߴﺣҲһս
Ҷ滹֣ħڼǧڵʮ˽ΪѾ˻龳һءڰ˴Уħʮ˽Ϊֻ龳۷塣
ԽµʿսԽǿ
𣡡
ĺҶͷҲħڼǧŵĿ⣬ź󷽣һѪɫſ˿еСè
̽鱨ˣ
Ҷ漱һ
ҷ߿ճ󣡡󽫶Ϻһ󷽵ѪɫȥСèΣžʹ˽
˵
仰ǳҶ˵ġ
ؽǰʮһ֧׼˾ҷСʱ֮󣬾ͻҾ
ǧУͨħʿ龳ڵΪһʱоǺɵ飡
ʮ֧˺ڼ״εǰʮﴦһ֧ǧ˵İ׼ǧ˾н
ڷ֮ǰҶ漱æһ䣡
׼ǧţ
ɱ֮ӷһػ֣ʮＲоȻת
˽ָӸ߿ճʱ죬б仯رΪ죬ж
仰Ƿ󽫶Ҷ˵ģġжĸ֣Ҷʱϲ
ĸ֣ھɭϵľУֱ޼֮
˵䣬һӣһѪҶϣҶƣӦһݱʶ
Ѫɫϣ֧Ѿǧ˵ħڼ׾ţصתϣƶսٴ
֧ħڼ׾ţĿǰֻǧˣǰİ׼˾ţ϶ƴ
ǰʮǧ˰׼׾ţͲʲôˡ
ǾۼǼ֧˴֧֮ڼǧ˾ŵܳǧˣıϮ֮£ԿԳ֧ǧ˵İ׼׾š
һǧ˰׼׾űҶ潫ջħѪ
ЩҶ˷ܵġ
Ҷ˷ܵǣҶ⣬ѭζˮԳ׷ٶߴﺣ


180 ջ
Ѫɫϣһɫĺɫݺݵײһ
ݣ
һ̺ſֲɱİ׳Ѫɫӷ׼׾ŵĽֱӱɲ˵ܵļʮħ׼ʿ˰˽⣬Աɱһ⣡
һﵽǧ˵ħŵĽ죬ʿһǧ˵ħŽ죬ʵѹԵʵ
ֹǽʵСͨħʿʮ˽˽ʵҪȶħ׼׾ŵǿһɡ
Щ긴һεħʿӪʽɱ¾ıܣ·ӡһ㡣
һħڼ׾Ĵڣֻɱ¾
Ƶսһܼĺ
ûܣûηսÿһˣ𵶷棬žŭųԷֱսʻΪħѪһ̣
ڼѪȾҶ棬Ҷǿ־Ϊ͵Ļڳһ̣ҶҲžɱħ׼׾š
ǿѹ·ڵѪҶھжţ˷ܵļħʿʻħѪ
һţʮţٿţ
ջٶȣֱ̫ˣ
Ҷ˷ܵԱ
һӾ˵뷨Ҷͷ֡
Ҷ۲죬Щյħ¼ϼľɣҲ·ӡڹһ㡣
ֻҪͬһӪħʿֻҪ󲿶ӣͻĲ룡ǧ˾ǧ˾š
ٵһҲԥһ
ǴڵĿģֻ׳ɱ¾
Ҷ룬ǰ֧ħڼǧţ׳˴ʮ˵ľţȥɱ¾
öħѪ
ףѣ
ڣҶ滹ǾջħѪɡ
˽׼׾ŵѪʲôǰҶ桢Ҷһߵİ˽ͻسҶߡ
սƷ
Ǻڼ׾ŵѪôҲ񣿡
ǡҵսѣȻˣռǵѪǵľ꣬Զҳɱ
սѣ󡭡
ǰ˽У¶һ˿ã˼ǰ˽ͻһԣȻˣǾԲκһ󣬾ǵľһɱ
һɲǣλ˽ҲͬҶһħʿʻħѪ
ҿİɣ
ҶĿɿڴ֮࣬æӿ˼ʰٶȡ
ҵǣλ˽ֻħڼ׾ʿʻħѪ׼׾ʿʻħѪȴǿ
ҪȻҶƴˡ
ħ׼׾սļΪǿۼ۳һ泬ǧ׵ѪɫܣûּϢͱˡ
һǧ˾Ŷǧ˾ŵľۼߣڰʱ֮ħ׼׾ȫħڼ׾սٽˡ
սңͣʰħѪҶ棬©
գҶһսջͨħѪŰţʮ˽ħѪһţ˽ħѪʮһš
صǿǧ˽ħѪҶҲˣȻٲɻĿ⡣
ֵˡ
һǧ˽ħѪ൱һǧͨħѪһŰ˽ħѪ൱һٿͨħѪʮ˽ħѪ൱ʮͨħѪ
һ㣬һսҶջħѪѾǧš֮ǰ۵һ㣬ӽǧˡ
һħѪĿ꣬ҶѾһˡ
ջ֤Ҷѡȷġ
Ψһƣûнɱ׷ɱҶߴﺣ
ߴﺣҲǼΪ׷ٵ·һ֧ħǧ˾ţʱԶݡ
Сè鱨ߴﺣûз׷ɱҶ棬ھŸתƣ˳ɱСģħ겿ӣħѪ


쵰ΪʲôСӵôãÿΣܶ㵽ħ޷˳׷ɱɶ񣡡
ݺݵĸ˳ӥһƣﺣ߶ųӥص棬ٵһȥ
ţѭϢųӥһ·׷٣û뵽ϢȻǴһħϷӶ
ӥƲһӶҲᾪϵħţֻͣȴû취ãֻܱȻת⼸ֻת죡
һ̫ƻˣ
һ죬һ֮޷ɵһͱȥ˻ˣ

˽˵ĳǧ˾أôûУ
һ֮Ҷڵħڼ׾ŸϵߴﺣתƵĵص㣬ȴ˸ա
ǵĳӷǣǰתƣ
飬
˿Ҷ鱨٣ǵĸУֻҪͬһӪʿûκҳ⣬κһˣǴΣκһʿ᳹׵ִǵ
ŵˮԳµһž޴ĽӡҶ޺޵ҧҧߴﺣ̫ƻˣøıԡ
󷽰֧˴ʮ֧ʮСε⣬󷽣һ֧ǧ˾о
ڿһȦҶе鱨ֽ֧ߴﺣתƵķ
Ҷ֧ڼħţѾˡ
֧ڼħǧ˾ʿǧӵ˰ǧˣı
ּ֧ħ׼ǧ˾ţһǰһӲ̣һ֧ﵽǧ˵ħ׾Ӳƴ
ȫǧħ׾ţսҲǧˡ
ҪȻҶڵ֧ڼħǧŵѾһ򣬳Ϊһ֧˴ˡ
Ҷİ£ٱܹĴΣգаһ֧˵ħ׼׾š
УҶڼ׾УǷеĵλ˲١
ȻҶջħѪҲﵽһ˵Ŀ
ͨħѪǧţʮ˽ħѪа˰ٿţ˽ħѪ˾ʮţǧ˽ħѪȻߴʮţ
֮⣬һڲͬǧ˽ħѪҪǧ˾ͳ˧ħѪ
תо
õҶ鱨󽫡Ӧ˵Ƿ˧ʱ´
ʿǧˣµǧ˾ţѾﵽ˰˸ϵƣֲ
ԼԼƾȻųɢƲࡣ
о֧׾ţӦþ˺üεǸţǳĽƻҽֱգ
ֱգ
ǵģǸǧŷǵһ˴ӣ϶ȥȫʱٳưȥǿɾ͡
ն˧֪ܲ
ЦУ˧ɳ˴ӣյУʣİǧֳַ֧ǧ˴ӣӺ󷽰ȥ
µնִҲûκεˮȥն֧˴ӣҲǺԥִ
ӾӲħľӣ

ʱ֮ųӥڿƵı߷ɱʱߴﺣҰУͻس֧ħ˴ӡ
ߴﺣĿ⣬ͲƵĿϲ
ֻҪħǧţһ֧ħ˴Ӹ֧֧ˮԳǰûκ
вħѪˣӭȥ
﷢ֵ½ڣߴﺣֻͣһ޺𣬾֧ħ˴ӳ˹ȥ


181 ɱˮԳ

ˮԳһŭԳһ׵Ļ֮ͨħʿħʮ˽ԻɷɻңѪһգʻһſħѪ
ɱ
һħ˽һԾѪɫǹѪһֱˮԳ
ˮԳȴǲҲʮ׵Գһ죬סѪɫǹһѪɫǹͻΪС
֧Գ۷·糵ӹͽλħ˽ֱ˺룬Ѫɢ֮ʣһħѪ
ˮԳͷ֧ؽƷ֧ͣħ˴ӣҲһ浹ɱ
ߴﺣ߶ͱʩչܸ㶨֧ħ˴ӡ
֧ħ˴ӣŰħѪҲһջˣҵĿ껹ࡣǻ޷ɱǸһҾ͵ȫռħѪˣ
ҲƣҿԳɱһǧħš
ʱĴﺣŲͥһļʰħѪǳ⡣
սеĺܿ죬һӵĹ֧ħӾͱɱˣһ֧ħӣսĿţֻʱѡ
ÿһλߣˣʱ̱żߵľԣҪȻﺣҲαܿҶµס
ҲһȻջúˬǴﺣľû˿ķɣÿһӣҪһܱߵ
һУӥϣ׼ϸ߿ܱߵ
ﺣĳӥǽ崫ֱӽϵĳޣҶѪ֮շУĲһ㣬˵ͨˡ
ϸ߿գ󷽶ʮƶѪɫ˳ﺣʱһ
ǹģǰɱħԳǧˡ
ԥأﺣһĳӥ׼ȥתɲǣĿٴһ
һΪӴѪɫҲӺ󷽹ǹģǰħŵ
ϣҵʲôʱôˣ
ع棬һֵӴﺣǱų
𣡡
ֻͬʱһʼ񱩵ķʽ¾ħ˶ӡﺣҪٶȽսȻ롣
˧ԷҪˣȥһ
ͳ˧΢΢ͷҶʱֱ
Ҷɵɲǣͳ˧һӣԵѪɫһӣⷭڵѪʱǳˮһӿħŵĽ¡
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·׺֣ӷͳ˧бųɲǼ䣬ۼħµѪ⣬һ㣬ħǰٶʱ
½رеٶȣϵϻ龳ߵıٶȡ
һĻҶһϲͬʱҲ˼һΣԲܽдﺣһܵ
ߴﺣĵؽƷˮԳħսУֱһĴڡҶƣͨıԴҲһܹնɱˮԳ
ؽƷޣ꺣ǿǿܶԸܲնɱ˵ˡ
ҶƣħﺣˮԳԿԺɨħֻҪˮԳڣᵽսѪĿԣǷǳǳġ

һλħ˽ˮԳ˺ɱʱ򣬷ͳ˧ǧħѾߴﺣУ
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һֻǧħԼʹܵĻᣡ
Ԫ绢˳ɲǣﺣųӥֻͣٵϳˡ
ʮϢ֮Ԫ绢뱼Ϯǧħֻһľ롣ۿžҪɲǣߴﺣָµԪ绢ͻһתű񱼶ȥ
ǧħжطֳһ֧ǧ˺Ԫ绢׷ȥɱֱߴﺣ˵ķ׷ȥ
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дħսǰš׳ʿһУɹѹһ֧ħ˾ŵ׷ɱ
ڣ֧ǧ˵ħţȴȫ߸֪
ﺣЩаǱֵڣһֻ;޴ĵؽƷϬشӶ˳ӭħš
ͬģھħŲһԶʱϬ͵˶
һΣ֧һħţֱִյϬûзһ֧ħǧ˶ȥ׷ɱûиı䷽˻
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ʵħûб䣬ģֻħжһСҶ桯ˣ
ɱ
𣡡
ħųĺɱˮԳŭ޺ͬʱ
յʧܵʱ䣬ħ׷ˮԳ
ˮԳǸߴʮ׵ǿ龳۷ߣҲ׷ϣ޷뻯龳ߵٶ
ǧ˵ħţطӳ£СΪ龳ڣϮٶȱȻ龳ֻ첻
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Ϊ֧ǧ˵ħţѾϬ϶
űǧħΧˮԳߴﺣһ
УһֵڴӴﺣǿŶഫһ߷ʵ䣡
𣡺𣡺
׵ĺУˮԳ͵رһ룬ܵ˰ʮ׸ߣʮ׳ֱһӣϰλͨħʿΪɻң
ûϢĹħ˽ǧͨʿǣﺣһؽƷͣҲħ⣡
Ѫɱ׼
ֱɱ˽ˮԳͳ˧ûԳֻ֣Ļ˻֣
ħӰ֨֨
һʮ˽ʮͨħʿѪȫͽȥܳ׵һѪɱ
Ϣ֮һλħǧ˽ŭһţ
ɲǼ䣬һٸ۴ϸѪ⣬·Ѫɫһ㣬ˮԳ

ߴﺣĿĿУӿ޾ʹںޡ
ˮԳǲľĻۣ˾޴Ĵۣ붯֮ѹųΪ͡
ΪƾˮԳ֮ΪսѪ죡

ˮԳϣԲ
ǣڵȴ־ܹŤתġ
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۵ڶһѪˮԳϱ֣ѪˮǺˮһ˿ڴй
ʹˮԳӵķħ
һɲǣһѪɱƿյ쳹һΣָˮԳ˽ٸ͸ѪһǡĿλã
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ʢתĺУˮԳʵĵȥ

һʹ쳣ĺߴﺣһϳӥƲӶݶȥ
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ӥ˫һչһһ㼲˲Ϣ˸߿յƲ㡣
Ʋ֮ޱȾɥߴﺣɡ
ˮԳɱǳɹˡ
ֻҪƺħڻɵİ˽ǧ˽׷ҲǺ׷ϵġңЩħ˽ǧ˽Բһ뿪ŹԶġ
ˮԳˣôǽ
ƲɹߴﺣޱʹԴ
ˮԳƷ׵ͣ˵ϣǼΪϡġ
𣬶һӵһͷؽƷ͡
ˮԳˣֻǿֻͣʣһͷؽƷĳӥ
֪ȥôǽ֪֪ôɳǽ񡪡ȡսѪ죡
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ʱ򣬳ӥӦ˴ﺣڵָӣ·ܣѹûˣѾˡ
͵ľ֮ӦԵжҪָӡ

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СèӦɲǸǵģţǳҶ˳ӥɲǣƳԵؽƷΪؽƷĳӥѹŴ
ҶԸСèץסӥʬƷԽߡΪԽǿѪ⣬ԽǴ󲹡
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184 ڶؿռҪ⣿
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ʣ⽣ԪںԺˮжģǺˮħ˶Ӵսʱ

Ԫں۾𾪣ڣЩܲˣһ˲ĹȻͱˣ

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Ѫۣ޵׶һ㣬һһħѪͶȥͶħѪԽԽ࣬ħϵĴţѪͻԽԽʢ
ħĴţҪһħѪңֿ״ֻ̬ǿάϢ
Ȼ˳Ͷ뺣ħѪħĴŵĿʱҲӦӳǣû˻ô
ħѪ̫ˣĳɰܣÿħջĶ١
֨֨֨
һħѪͶɲǣתħϲĴţ
죡ųһУٽ룬Ҫ
ҶϺһʱҶҪųһУjٴһ㣬Ӧʱ򣬾ŵ˶β
ħĴŶһͨɲǣҶ˲رһ
ͶһħѪħſĳ̶ȣҲֻһֻһ˽ŷ죬ңֻϢ
ˢˢˢ
˶Ĵ˽ȥֻjǳĲӦҶȻһ¡
һ㣬ħĴžͿʼ֨֨֨Ĺرա
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Ҷѵ÷žɲǵj׵ջˣţħĴţǲıӹϵġ
ͼħŹϵʱ̽룬ȴżסˡ
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ҶѵУ˵Ŀ⣬ˢˢĿjУ֮⣬j˲һ
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λĽħ֮󣬳һ֮⣬˾ִ
סħ־Ų㣬սѪ죬ħĵھŲ㣬˭ھŲ㣬õսѪ֮ʱš
ǴھŲʱѾˣֹԪȡսѪ졣
ͳ˧ȨٴαҶᣬjæȽ
һȡʮǧħѪȡ飬ʮһǧ飬һʮˣÿ˿ɷֵһһ
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֮࣬ȴǿϲ
ħڷֵÿһţҪһǧħѪҶָǵһݣ𿴲࣬ȴÿ˶ളΣ
εĴ࣬ǣΣܾͻջؼǳɹܴħھŲ㡣
˵ҶóԼķݶޱȡ
һʱ䣬˶мĿҶ档
jҲһϲ漴ҶʵףҶ棬ǻаж࡭
˵һʱסҶĿѾĶjԻҵǧʱҲΪjΪе졣
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ʮħѪҶ湱׵ģҶѾ˽ĲҪҶһݣѹҶ棿
Ϊ֪ܴĺôûʱջħѪǲ˽˲١
ʣҶǵħѪ᲻̫٣ٵĻٷЩ
˵jʵû˵ȥˣԲĻԼҲ˵ˡ
λסȡսѪ죬ǵһҪ񣡡
˵仰˻ڷħѪʱҶתѪ貵ħͨ


189 ս
뾰ӳϽܣħһϹŵռ䣬һ֡սݣ
սϹħľڣҲһǿս
оʵʩ⵶жɱսڲҲ޷ݻٶԷָϵͳսڲûͨͻþأԹ
˵˾ָӵ£սݸһֲսɹɷ
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˿ƵħսݣƾԶת󷨣ʮοսѪ⣬Ҳû̽ʲôܡ
ЩǸĶڣѰ̽أǵѰйϹħһϢġ
ħֶ֪
ʱһѪ貵ıֱͨ޾ͷһȥߣǿһ貹ĻǿѪɫġ
սħѪ貵ıֱͨһֱȥüٶȷҹҲɲͷ
ħ棬ɼһߡ
ײ˵ʱˣ
ǰ˰ʮҶתǿչĻһ̤

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ʱҶղʧĵطͬת̤룬ȴԸҶ١
Ҳħĵط֮һһ󷨵ĳطôħתһ㣬еطᷢӦı仯
ǽħ֮ΪʲôҪֿжԭѹûж
һ׸ߣ׸ߵĵȷųڵҶĵطŵһ࣬ͬһѪۡ
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Ȼ˵ҵսѪͲһյҵģõĻǴöࡣ
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⻢Х԰׻ݻģǳǾӢӲô
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һҶͽԪڵӵĽɢһ̤ƽһߣһ쫷ĽʹԪڵһԪڵӻֱӱɢ
쫷罣һɨ֮Ԫڵٱ̳ϰٸѪദͷѪ
Ԫڵʱϻһ˿ϲ
һɱ

ҶΪ̤龳۷֮ޱȴһ˿ԪҲʧˣҶȫķӳƽ
ҶнͨΪƷʩչؽƷĻХ˿Եֵġ
һҶ˳ֵߣԪڵӵĴ̤һš
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һûҵϵĴͨ
ģҶǰĵѪͶһǧħѪŶһ̤룬Ŀһɨʹסˡ
ж
Ƿ׵ϱߣȻж


190 Ʒ
һɫڼףıϡ
Ҷһ˹ȥ
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ǿɫڼǹϢķģҶ֪һϹʱڼס
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ȡºɫڼףһգڵӿɫڼף

һ޵ķһĹ⻪ںɫڼǰ
Դػ⣬Ʒף
Ҷϲʤľ
УԵı֮ԵıΪ
ǻĺųĵһţǵĵӣһԵƷ
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˵һԵƷˡ
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ƷͲһˡ
Ҷߴﺣ񹭣ʸˡ
Դػ⣬Ʒ׵ı־
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ڷ籦ֱıȻõ˾Ҫϴϣ֪ҶʲôΣա
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ȴһҲŽ˼˵Ĵͨ׵ĶҶĵ·һװȵ
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ߣ֪ҵţҲΪ㣡ɫ׽ңҾͷ뿪ܲ麣һ
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Σ

ҶĻشܲ麣Ȼŭζһ٣ɫⱬ͵ػóӰӰͬʱһһҶ档
ܺأ
һУܲ麣ĳӰʵʵ޷ܣΪһΪһֻӲӡ
һУҪǽʵˣҶкڷ籦׻ҲùǶϽۡ
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Ǻ֮Ũ֮ңѪʢѺֵܲ麣Ҳһս
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꣡
Ҷ쾧ַɳǣܲ麣ȫҲ˲ظһɵı˪

ʲôҵ֣
ܲ麣ĻҶ쾧ϵֱ֣ӶĻƣ޷ıֺ
ɫܲ麣˸ˮһӿұۡ
ڣɱˣ
Ҷָһɷܲ麣
ܲ麣󺧣


191 նɱָӥħ
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ҶָĻҰɫĺɷһɨ½ߣһƾͿɢܲ麣ȴǷ·ֲһ㣬ĺܱܿ
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һƽն޾Դ
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ָĨָӥħ޾Ĵָָϵָָ׾ͳҶС
޾ƵָָףҲһƷ
ڵӣȻУһʮ׵Ʒ䣡
һ̽Ҷʱ¶һ˿ϲɫ
޾ĴָУװģעĿģװƷ龧䣬ʮ䣡
ĵҩһʱԼһħѪѻ
˻
һħѪɲǣҶ浹һ
ڵеħѪôࣿ
УøϿˣ
սѪ죬Բ䵽У
꣡
Ҷһ̳ǸѪɫ־ʱƣʱõС
һӣҶͽ˶ͷ
Ҷ֪ڼصĵʲô


192 ھŲ
⻯Ӱ
֮£֣˲شҶԺС
һ̫ˣ
ϲ֮࣬Ҷ͵ؽӶͷÿս˴
֮ǿҶѾԹˣǰԪָкɷҶɱʤ
õ⻯ӰҲǾԲġ
ʱȣп˷ѼϢʱ䣬ĿܾսѪˣԣҶŻὫսѪ콫ƿ
Ʒĺڷ籦ף⻯ӰεջҲǷˣɴɴֱջһͨǲԶˡ
˵ֻҪҶԸ⣬ҶкħѪħڰ˲еĴҶ涼̽һ顣
ħУԽߣ̽ĴԽ٣Խ࣬Կ϶Ҷ϶ջʲô
գĻȡսѪѹҶһ̰
һǧħѪͶȥŶ֮ʣҶһ̤һѰŴͨ
һֹˣҶڶ̤ħȻҲˡ
ҶȴǸӽˣü˶˵ڰ˲㣬ǵھŲ㣬ǲϾ˵ˣ
սѪһȡͻʱҶ滹һʱ䡣
ǺˮҶ棿
һţҶ¶֮ɫʱڴڵȴ¶ϲɫ
ϵ㣬Ҷʦ֣ǹŰʯʱǹŰĻϿǿ⽻ǣҪˮʦǺƽദԪǹͬĵˣ
ʯ𣬻ܶ࣬ƺڱҶǵͬ˹ϵ
ţǳҲģҲṥ㣬뿪Ҷ䱸һʯȥ
ʯȴǲˣҶʦ֣ǣģҴ֮ϵħѪĹˣҶʦֿɲһǧħѪ뿪
ǸҲˡ
ʯҶشһ£Ҷôɵ
ħѪҶϵھŲ㣬ҶԴż
һ˵ҶһŶһȥ
Ҷʦ֣кãҰɣûħѪҿǻᱻġʯü޳ˡ
İУʯĽӽҶ档

ҶȴЦⲻ꺢Ӻ
ߣôܻᱻأսѪ챻ߵʱЩ˾ͻԶ
Ǹ
ҶٴܣҲʱʯҶľѾӵʮף˲أʯ¶
˫ȭһʯͻҶ棬һӰشʯ˫ȭк
ݣ
ƿҶڿջһǷƽı£
꣡
ѪɢѹûϵҶķȻĹҪʯرҶһ롣
ߣ֪Ĵ治浱С𣿡ʯʬ壬ҶЦ
⼸괳ҶѾǸµëͷСˣ콭ľѾḻޱȣϵ
ӽһɲǣҶ־Ϣİ˽֮ϣһԽԽҶĽ䱸֮ҲԽԽʢ
ϧʯջǳˡ
͵ϮҶ棬ҶܻᰲȻ뿪һ
Ϊ龳۷ߣָ߽Ǳ䡣
ȡʯĴһҶʱ¶֮ɫʯĴУһǧ˰ٿħѪ
һǧ˰ٿħѪһǧ˽ħѪ˿˽ħѪ
ħѪΪʲôҪװ͵ϮҶ治ϧĴҶħѪ
йŹ֡
֮⣬ʯĴУƷ龧ҩȴŲ٣ʱҶѾûʱˣһգһǧħѪйһ̤
һΣҶˡ
̤ĴУȻûκջ񣬵дͨ
ھŲϵˡ
ż飬Ҷֱӿ˴ͨѪһ֮󣬳ҶǰģϤĵţһտƽ̨
ƽ̨ϣƣӣһ󷨡
£Ҷˡ
ӳϸǽĶУѹûҶ汾ΪħھŲԺӦҲͬǰ˲һиţѪͶħѪͿˡ
ȫһҶЩɵۡ
ʵҲӳϣΪΪˮߣûдھŲ㣬͵ºˮѹûⷽľ顣
о飬Ǹ쳣ˮ治֪Ҳ
󷨣һ㶼龧߶ġ
㳣ʶҶ滹еġ
ǰ󷨳ʰԸ֣߽ϰ˸Ƕ㣬ģҲһǶ㡣
ԵҶϴȱ
ſ龧ʱǶ֮ϣֵǣûκζ
ѵҪħѪ
ſħѪηϣȻûκζ£Ҷֱץˡ
ǰֻһƽ̨ķ޾գҶԿ϶ƽ̨ϵ󷨣ǽħھŲΨһͨ
Ӧô
Ҫţܻţϸ۲죡
ŨһҶƽľϸ˼һ룬ʱҳ
ǰ˲ĵţҪһǧħѪ󷨣ſͨħѪǲɵġ
һˣſʮ˽ħѪηȥûж
˽

һ˽ħѪɲǣѪʱ
ˣ
ſ˽ħѪη֮Ҷˣƺû
ھſ飡
ǰ˿˽ħѪʱ򣬶ѪΨеھſ˽ħѪɲǣûκα仯
ھſۣҪΪ߼ħѪ
ԥģһǧ˽ħѪ󷨵ۣ

һѪת
ȻҪһǧ˽ħѪܳ׵󷨡
˲أҶȻ
ΪʲôʯħѪûҪԭΪ˵ھŲ㰡
ҿҿҶħѪ࣬ҪȻˮܴھŲ㣬ҲֻǸɵۡ
Ҷ֪ӵеħѪȼߵģҲǰ˽ħѪ
һ̤УѪã⻪ת֮ʣҶΣͳڼõ˧֮С
ĿһѪɫս죬˧ϣѪɫսһ㡢쳣ġս֣
䣡
ҶһۿȥǸս֣˲Ϣ۷Ŵ󣬳Ҷӽ磬ǧĺҶ

ħս⣬ħɽɽӪʴ
Žʮĵȴ֮ħսĳһ֮ڽɵȺĸڵĴӹǣҲЩסˡ
ģĳϡǣڣ۳һȦȻС
һĻҪǸһ˿϶ᾪ
УĹУĹ֮УԪڸˮУŰУ⼸λϾȻܹһСá
ʵˡ
ЩϹǣΪǸţôʶģи˻Ų˽
һСȼ⵱еĴǹལȴǲ򵥡
Ǿһ۵ģҪսѪĹˡ
뾰ʯʵϷ˵ǣǺˮûҪμᣬʮһٶˣɶʱᵽһսѪ죿
ϷƣھŲĿ֪ܶɣ
Сü䣬Ԫڵĳκĳ뾰ʯ
ھŲ㿪ܣѵħھŲ㷽ʽһ𣿡뾰ʯ飬ͬʱѿ
ȻǲҲ֪ɣ
ⶼ֪ǻμᣬȡսѪ죬ֱţ
ǺһھƵĽԪڳڸ߲Ц
뾰ʯɫȴǸӵѿ


193 ֮ս
ɱ
սѪġսԾǧĺɱƺ̺궼ܲɱУҶ¶ֹסĲ࣬޹һ
һּ˷ܡȿ־ĸо
Ҷԥı۾Ȼ۹۱ǡǹġĹ۵һŽ궼ĺɱ׵ĸϳԺ
ٴڵϵսѪϵǸս֣ҶȴҲҶජһָۣоʵֲ̫ˡ
ҶһƲսѪ·ȡսѪʱѪɫ⻪˧ķ

ণ
໣
Ӱ˸ָ޺ʱ
ҶոմսѪ֣ʱֹͣȡսѪĶ
Ҷ棬ɲǳ嶯ëͷСˣѾʼǷˡ
Ϊ˶˼ɣҶȡսѪĹУʲô⡣
Ҷ֪ıȡʱŷ֮
ҲǺˮùѹûȡսѪľ顣
ȡսѪʱ򣬲˵ģҶ淽עӡսʱһ£ҶиһϢϢս߳ϮɱҶ͵ñսѪˡ
ͬһʱ̾Ȼˣ
ҶһҲǴǰսսߣֻʮͷͣǣʮͷȫǵؽƷͣҶеǰδеѹ
ѹ
龳۷ѾֲˣټʮͷؽƷͣҶƣսǺˮȫҲСӦ
ȻҲֻǣͬһʱ̳ڵھŲ˧ڡ
ҲֻƾӵƵܴͣģɱħǧ˾㹻ǧ˽ħѪ
Ĺֻһǧ˽ħѪǷǳѡ
ҲΪʲôǰ˲ҶĹв٣ھŲȴǳټԭ򡣿ھŲ㴫һǧ˽˽ħѪ̫ס
вָӥħ޾ѾҶɵˣŰܲ麣ҲҶˡ
ֻһսѪǵˣ
߼Цͬʱ͵һ֡
ɵʱ䣬ɱ
ǿʲô
ҫ۵ɫ⻪ڶسҶ
񹭣
͸ﺣ񹭣
ô
ﺣأˮԳأ
ҶµûߵУͷСĳߴﺣĵλҲĸߡ
˲أͻȻֵ񹭾üɫ䡣
֨
񹭱
Ҷԥĳʱ˸Բһ֧ɫʸڼٵɡ
һߣʮֻؽƷͣ£Ҷû˿ʤģҶ÷ǳֶΡ
磬ҶͻȻȡߣǵһ
ãϵˣ죡
ӦϲǾȻҶ񹭵Ļᡣ
ˣ
ҶЦ䣬񹭹𶯵ʱ
ƽʱﺣҲ죬񹭵ĹλܶΣʱ򣬹ҵǳö
ڣȴһ˵Ŀֲ·ħһ㡣
Ϊ񹭵̫ˣ
һ֮ڣ龳֮£ѹûκܵĿܣֻӲӡ
ľ룬ǧף˧㣬Ҳס
ݣ
ƿյļХ˲쳹ߵͫסͬʱ鴤ĺ
ۣ
ǰߵһߵԴ׵ıѿһһ㣬ͬʱֻ;Уͬʱһ˿ãȻ
ͻȻ֮͵ĺ֢
Ҷ沢ûʱȥնɱͷͣӿ˫ٴν˸Բһ֧ٵ
壡
ͬʱϲ
Ļʣӿˣ˵ʺϷͣط˻ȥԼǿԼˣ

ҶԵҲ˳ȥסһͷؽƷ͡
ʱҶ澪ȵ鷢ˡ
ǰɱߵֻͣھãȻ֮󣬱ѹԶػع顣
𣡺𣡺
ܵģǿʼܱв
ģǼǵ͡
˲أսʼ
һȥʮֻؽƷ;ֻʣ˾ֻ
Ҷе֮ÿ˶һͷĻԼǰּȥֻ
ֵһֻͣ˲رֻͶսֻޡ
ǰʮͷؽƷʹҶѹ˲ɢ
Ȼ˵ָֻӣԳֱĹҶ档
ǣֻޣʣµģֻ޵ıܣѹƵԸһ̱ɡ
ߵָ£Ǿֻȴǽ׷ᣡ
ߵ㣡
սʼ
ݣ
һֻƿն
شӻ߼ǰĳ롣
飡
Ǿ޴Դһ̲̺װ׵Խ߼һһ
ϣٿˣ
߼ͬʱ˳һ͵ıһҶ档
ȻʶϾԣҪȥ군ģǡ
ߣ似ˣʲôʱùǣ
쾧һƺХƽƽֱӽߵõء
һɲǣҶ׷ǲһ̤ƿ߼߶ɱһͷͣϣɳɻɺɷɵԪָӿһ߼
䳹ĺ߼ĪͬʱǾӲӡ
ҶһԪָǽסˣǣ˵ĺ⣬ȴϣӶ
İӣʱľһ˲䶼һ㺮˪
ڼʱ߼ʱɱΧ
ֻǣҶ׷ǲһ̤ƿǡһƽɳһ䣬ͽ߼Դ
ڴַյĿռڣܲ麣ޣҶ׷ǲ޼似ߣҶ׷ǲǾûˣ
쵰㾹Ȼɱ˼
һŭﲻһеıųһɬڣڵĴ߶¡
ߵֻͣ·һ㣬ֻ޵ĹܲˣһҶ棡
𣡡
һ춯ص޺ߵĲҽͬʱ
߼ͷ͡Ѿ޵ֻ˵ڵأһͷԪ绢һֻҧԴ
ýһ߾ֵķ˻
˲Ϣ䣬Ʒ츲ء
ֻսʣһߣֵָԼֻͣϮļֻս
һѾò԰ޱȣ
Ҳ벻ΪͣȻǵİʯǵˡ
ȻҲϮҶޣɲǳصġ
ͨȥҶһܽս
Ϣ֮Ҷ泹׵ڳ֣ǰյٴγУ
ݣ
ݣ
ݣ
һ֧֧ƿռХУޣǽʣߵͣҶͳͳɱ
󣬽һˣ
֨
ٴαҶ˸Բϱߵֱ׼ߣ
ƣ·һߵüģʾ
һɲǣ߳׵ıˡ
ҪҪɱҡ


194 սѪ
ҲҪҪɱҡ
һ߾ȻԼģ⺱ҶЩԾ
ٷҲˣҲЩʱѹûпƵĻᣬ군ˡ
ͷһҶɿҵָһʱ뷨
ܵøһɱɰɡ
ҶᣬߵĶУȴͬħһ㣬ˡ
ҡСеĲƸ㡭һƷ߳׵Ļֱֺ޲ĸҶ濴ȡһ˼
ϵĲƸߣ
ҶЦָһɣ군ˣϵĲƸȫˣõͣ
ҡҡ
߼ˣȴֲ֪˵ʲôá
ȻûɣǾ͡
ҶסҵָʼķɣҶָɣߴ󺧣Ҷǻɿָͷӽһ㣡

ͻأ״ε۾һܣйսѪġܣǺˮ϶֪йսѪܣ
ܣ˵
⣬ҾͲɱ㣡
ҪͼּۻۣҲϲ£սѪҵǰ䆪£һɾ
ҶĻλ߼ΪǵıԼ͡
ʵҲ㲻ءǺˮӦò֪ż֮£λ߾Ȼ˵©졣
˵
ʵսѪ죬Ҳеȼ֮֡
ȼ
ǵģۻȡսѪ֮ľ顣

Ҷе΢΢һһ
˧ֱȡսѪ죬ΪһսѪ죬߶֮£ܹһΧ֮սɡ
һ֮սħѪΪ࣬żһ£ֽħѪŵսѪ֮ϣᱻսѪգ޵׶һգϱߵѪҲŨ
ʮǰǲֶᵽսѪ죬ħѪǳ࣬ߴʮȻʮħѪȫսѪա
;ȵķ֣սѪһӰķΧ󣬶ҶԷΧսҲﵽ˿ֲĳɣ
ĳɣ
֣Ҷһ
һʮǰɽѪϿ֮սһ˿ɻҲͽ⿪ˡ
ʮǰɽѪϿʮһҹɨȻ֮սѪ֮е㺧š
ĳսսѪӳ֮£ݿֲսͺˡ
ǧİٽǧս֮£ռݵƲ̫󣬵ǧ˰ٽܾһɱˡ
ûԼͶʮҵħѪսѪ׵ҲĳɣҲΪֹˣѹûôħѪ
ĳƲ⣬ʮħѪսѪһͶħѪǲǿսѪļء
˻
Ҷ浹һĻսѪֵӵĿֱֲ
ƷҲĳɰˣսѪӳ֣൱һƷ
һƷʲô
οļأ
ΣҶֱ
ܣӦ㡭˰ɣ
ҶСʵ
ɣ
㣬ȡսѪʱûʲôɣ
аȡսѪʱܵߵħȡһ𵴵״̬ǿ𵴵״̬ʮϢϢ
ҲҶ϶ܣһľͽ˵ˣȫ˵֮󣬲žЩף˵ƼõĻ
ҵСûдǷļ֮սѪ죬ʮϢ𵴣ұɱʮˡ
ߵ飬ȴǾҶ۵ס
ҡ𣿡Сʵ
ߡɡ
Ҷ˻֣׵ķ񹭡
ڲסϲСֱҶ棬ͨҶ淴ڣ
봫ͨףתӵɲǣѾ׼˳ХλߵԴѾҧ飡
˵Ҳɱ㣬Сèɱ㡭
ҶԼһΥŵŽڡ
ʱ򣬷һ룬ǲҶԼҲ
Ҷƣߣһǧ򳤵ħѪǷǳɵ顣
һ㣬ҲλߵĴָеõ֤
Щϵƻ޼ƣʣħѪȴǸߴ
ߴͻȡħѪɼһߣҲӲ֤˵ܵʵԡ
ҪΪ˸սѪǲܷռ˺ħѪ
ݲݵʰһ£СèʬζҶ濴ŹڵϵսѪ죬ͻȻЩᡣ
ȡʱʮϢϢ𵴣һֲܿ顣
ãҶֱӽˡ
һ龳۷ߣܹʮϢʮϢܲ麣ĴڣһϢ赲ˡ
ҶƣʱƣԽԽߵĵִھŲ˧ΰȫȡսѪ죬Ǹ⡣
ʱһϢһϢȥѱһϢͻһǿߡ
ͻأ˼ϢҶĿ
ȻˣҪ棬ĺݵģָӥħҶɵˣ˻¸񣿡
һһʯ뷨͸Ҷͷ
һɲǣöת鵤ͱҶ̷ȥҩʱпʼָҶû취񹭽ʮΣҶĸߴ˳ɡ
ת鵤ҪþǸ߻ָǳҶԸҲûУҶļƿת鵤Ǵָӥħ޾Ĵָҳġ
ٵĻظҶ滺ı۾е񹭰뿪ţʱ׼֡

˧һ࣬Ѫʱ
ѪⲨɲǣҶľͬһͷ˵ͻһ㣬֨е񹭾ͱ¡
ڵӿһö˲ɣ
ˣ
ھŲ˧һڵӣѪɢȥҶɲǣʧɫ
ݣ
ͬʱ˺ƿļХ쳹
飡
һڵ΢΢һɣӦûӦԴһըϣ
񹭵ɲǸǵģ
ﺣ֮ҶҶ涼޷ܣֻӲӣ˵ⳤ׵˧ˡ
ңͻȻϮ
Сèȥ
ҶһͽȥĻڵϵĴˣҶҲһԣ񹭰뿪ţ˫΢գȫעĸӦ˧ΧĲ

ûϢѪٴδ˧һ
Ҷ˫ر񹭿µĸ֨ٴ


195 
Ѫ˸һߣس˧ڡ
ۣ
ԪŴۣ
˧òɲǣһ˿ϲ⣬ظҶǡ
ͬʱҶָ΢΢һɣ
ݣ
ֱ˺ƶĤƿ쳹ƿĿһˮ˷۵Ķͷǰ
ڱ䱬Դ֮ǰһŨⶸشȫҶϵãǻеĻ⣬һƷײ͵Ļ
ֿԵ龳ȫһĻ
ǰԵ龳ȫһĻҲֽһ㣬˲䱻˺ơ
ǣ⻤Ļ⣬ȴ赲ôһɲǵʱ䣬øո̤˧ۣлôһ˿ܵķӦ
һΣʱ屾ܵķӦ
һؿӿͷҲ͵һƫ
һͷ˽Ԫһ
赲һµ۵Ķ˹ȥ
֮ˮһ㱻ƿ˵۵Ķˡ
꣡
۵ҶֱӱߣԲҲ࣬һѪۣͷǣɼ
ʱ۲ŷһ춯صĲҽ˲سҵ˼㡣
Ҷ棡
Ϯ˭ѡ
ʱһʧֵҶѾһ̤쾧ƽ߰ɳԪָɺɷɵԪָ۵ͷ¡
۱޿ɱܣֻӲӡ
ֻǣ˧ڶ¶ҶԪָɢĿֲ⣬һĪĲ
ǣûѡ
˭һ˧ʧȴȻҶ沽֣
оȻ֮һͷɽɵĽӰΣ͵Ҷķƽ
ʽ̧֮ͷϰĽԪڵʽеɱУҲһУҲһУ
飡
ƽ뽣ӰͬʱƿգͬʱеĽ͵һӵҶǵ˵Ԫָ¡
ǵˣǵµɲǣ۵͵һ䣡
ҶЦܹķƽҲ۱ˣҶΪսپɺɷɵԪָɱﵡ
ֱĺʱ۵ʧȥ鶯ӶԿǾֺɲǣһ轣ն

۾ֵļֱԴɲǣĿһʹɢȥ˹⻪
𣡡
ո˵ǰСèĳҶһڿҶԶʳɻо
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սѪѪʢͬʱرһĹսѪĴСͱʮֹħѪٶȣ˲䱬ʮ
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뾰ʱĸʯһƣʱ򣬾ԲܴҶ档
УˣһʣսѪħѪĽȣٿеսƣޱȣ


202 ܽԪ
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ҶӦһ䣬ͱ۾˽֮⣬һ⡪αסսѪ죿


203 سǷ粨
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205 
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206 ޷Ĩӡ
Ҷ棬սѪ̫ҪˣҲ֪ԪڶսѪжӣԣսѪ첻ϣǾǺ㣡
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207 
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˭ҽսѪ챣ҶϢй¶ȥ֤ǻӻųϣ󡢻ڡա
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䰲Ҷ棩СûΣ
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ûĻ꣬˾Ǳͨ˰һѡͨ˻ʮǳˣߵԪҲǰ˾ʮѡ
ΪͻƵ龳ɺ壬ͿСȵӳӡ
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ҶĿ΢΢һjȴﲻݡ
ԷñҺˮʮݰʮһѡ֮һݿΪķأΣ


209 ڶϻ
ԷñҺˮʮݰʮһѡ֮һݿΪķأΣ
˵jĿ⼫ΪеĶҶ棬ҶһһҶգ۶ŹҶϿҶʵӦ
ǣҶķӦȴjʧˡ
һ˿֮⣬ҶȴԽԽ䣡

jһҧ˺ݡ
ѡ֮һݿΪ⣬ڵһ飬˰գԱǡӣ
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Ҷ棬Ŀף㻹ɱɣҶ棬ʵڸҲ

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211 ɱ
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λŻڳϷεߣһλ߱Ǳֱ꣬ӽٵ˹ڵϿգװڹϿ쳹
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214 ӵĽݾ
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Ҷߺηɰ׵Ŀ⣬ȴǶҶ뿪ķþòơ
˵Ķ˵ˣ·ɵԼѡ


215 䲻
ŮУҶϥһʯϣƺҲͣ
ͻأҶ˸͵һһŹӰҶҵĲ
ͷ·һűˮһ㣬ҵţ˵ǣҶüľܵĶƤһ㣬һһĵġ
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ͨԶԶһᾪһˣ
ΪϸȷʵǼˡҶ汳󣬾ȻǷһһ㡣
ͻأǸӰ͵شҶ汳վ𣬽Ųһٵȥ
ۣ
ǸӰǧʱ򣬶һ㱬ɢԪ
ǸӰɢʱһӰҶϻһΣϤҶ˾ͻᾪȵķ֣ӰȻҶһģһ
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һǧ⣬Ҷٴαɢ
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˴ʱ֮Ҷ滺۾УǾϲ
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216 ֵηɰ
䣡
澭ӡηɰ׵Ľ⣬һһǧӥӥȭײһ𣬷ĺ
ͬʱŵλųϣͬʱɱڵĳƽʱôĶǣɱ˭Ҳ֡
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ӣ͵Ϯﲻ㣡
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ڵĲǿҲһǿߣ龳۷ѣηɰ׵Ķ֡
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쵰㲻Ǻ𣿻͵Ϯ

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217 ҶĶ֮
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218 Ҷǣű
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ǧӥǲ棬ֻԪ֮࣬ͷҡø˹һ㡣
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೤ϱսѪӳƿ֮ʣ˺󣬼ᵽһŵǧ齣Ǽѣо֮⡣
ȷʵǡɣ
ǧӥϸֳǰδе֮ɫ˲䣬ͻһЦǣΪսѪ죬ܽ𣿵ŵԮҶ棬ɱˣ
УϹ
ԮûаûŴǼѶ
ǼѶУзˮڵķѶзŰڵķѶ
ΪԸļƻҶ᲻Ǽ٣ֱӳŻƤˡ
ߣһѶȥԪڵˣҲܿģǧӥǿŵ
ӥ֪ܲǰԪڴս紦󣬽Ԫλųϵʬ壬ƽ뺣ҲñѪ߶Ԫ죬ӵһ
߳뾰Ƶһ䣬иǧ齣Ҳǲһ£˵𾪿֪
֪²ΪǧӥȴǸӵķ
ΣΪ˸Ϸ˰뱲ӲҵͽϷƴҪҲҪ̿ͿңСӣϷͲ㲻ţ
ˣˣƫ޷ơ
ԣҶ淭˸İۣҿѾ뷨ˣҪȻҪ޳ܵԵġ
ߣӥ뱨Ҹᣡ
Ҷ͵̤ǰһһͦţҸһɱҵĻᣬ˭һս
ϣ
쾧ʣָˣһĹ˵š
ǣڳ˵ķӦûôˡ
Ҷ棬ˣȥǹ澭ĺ߳
Ҷ棬ɵˣŲһȥ
Ҷ벻ͨηɰΪʲôҪԳأս򷢻ʱ
죬һɽˣ
Ҷ棬˻
Ҷ棬ɵ£
ڵȰ˷ΨвĬĬԵĿҶ棬ûһȰ衣
ĿУ뵣ģ
ǲףҶԲôɵ
ĵģȻҶİΣ
һ㣬ǧӥһЦ˲ӿСӣԼ˵ģϷսһɱ˵Ϸ۸
˵ӥ㻹޳ܵ𣿡
սһܹóҺܻɣж񣿡ҶЦ
С˵ⲻԸ˵Ҫһ𣿡
ǧӥڵغ͸ˣȻͽܱУǽ´ȥñЦ
һֱ˰ˣ˸һ˿Ų褵Ц⣬ǧӥȻ޳ܣҲҶˣˡ
һһսƨֱӱšԴˬ죡
С˵
ӥˣһãҲܵܲĴ𣡡Ҷһָ˵
ŭ棬ʱȼ˲ӡ
ҵܵܲɱģ
⻹м٣Ʒأ
޼ȻˣҪЩ
ծ˲Ҷ泹׵ĻȥˣҶһֱӲжƷ罣
һǼƷ۾ͺˡ
Ǳ罣̫Ϥˣ͸ܵܵġ
쵰ɱҵܵܣҲ죬ؽʬΣɭɱ⣬Ӳӿ۳һõӰ˺ܷƼ
ƾţɲģ
ߣôţܵҪɱңҾ͵վôõ𣿡
ϻ˵㲻Ҫһãұɱ֮𣡡һ̤˵
ս԰
ҶĻشûһϲ
ǣмǵôӦҪȻҲɵ𣿴ˣƴƣ
սѪɵս֮£ϹڣǻڣҲûпܣҶ˵

ǧӥһȣĬ˼Ϣ֮ͻֿʵ˵ʲô
ǧӥһڣ˭Ҳûע⵽ƣѾɻͱˣڱҶǣűˡ


219 ǧ
ܼ򵥣
սܱɱȻö˵Ǳı𣬳ĳʤˣػڣҶϺȵ
㻹ʤΰɣ
ǧӥĿһƾ쳤ŸʲôʱˣסСһϷԳ֣ͽѪޣ
ţ
һ̤ǰ֮ʣҶ涸ضϺȣ
ʲô
ӥǻûдӦأҶĿƵĿǧӥ
ôţ㻹ʤ
Ҷ治ֻĿ⼫ᶨĿ˻ڵˣӦս˼
ãҶ棬ϷӦˣ
ڳϲȿڣ
ķϣҴӦˣҶĿע֮£ǧӥһ
ҲҶͳһն
ʵֵزսѪսıҪЮھͷĿԣ޽ӽˡ
ǣڵķ²ǧӥϻ޳ǳģһóľ
ǧӥˣĿҹغҶ棬Ҷľд鷳ˡ
෽Ŀ֮£ҶԼһػڡ
һλڸҴĵţڵƽ̰гйϵڵ֮ǧ齣͸գǻڵƽ̷ˣ϶ڸ
ڵƽ̷ԳĿֻһű֮˳սѪ죡
Ҷ潫սѪ鱩¶ûڻû˶ȡսѪĿܡ
ôֻҪڵһ˻ȥƽ̷˵вԳ
ʱǧӥǻҴҡڵɱҶ汨𣬾Խûزã

ڳԪһ̶ĴЦ澭ҶĵӣҲ԰ˣ
Ϸֻ֤ҪҶ벽һ֮˭ʤ˭ʱȥ
޳ܣ
ҶʲôΪʲôΪһ޽ɵηɰһŭȴ˵ﻰ˳
ҶԪɫЩ̫ȻҶ棬㲻ᷴڰɣ
ǻصΪҶֻ龳۷Ϊһ۸ֶġ
ʱȻǳԶҶ棬ô˻ɵҶ棡
ȻᣡȻͬˣǾսɣ
Ҷһ̤һߣĻسųţһѼıӺڷ籦𣬻סҶҪ
Ҷŭ汬ǣһ̤֡
ڴʱҶͷһᣬһּȳ˵죿⻯龳Ĵ֣սɣ
޳ܣԴżˣ
ЦҶţҲ龳۷Ϊ龳ء˳ƾĲ춷
ϴһ龳ص̫࣬͵Ϯ֮£Ҷ涼ˡ
ҶĶֿǺųһеһ֡
ڵغˣ˲ŭˣⲻ˵Ҫһ𣿡
Դżǰɣû˵أ
龳۷ΪãҲðΪѹ龳۷ҹаɣҶֱ˵˵

ߣҲ죬ҲǶصжȻˣҾ͸㹫ƽһս
˵䣬ϢͻؾҵĲϢʱ䣬컯龳صΪϢȻ䵽龳۷塣
ֱԷΪ
ڣɣ
ҶȴǲŶ֣۾һЦνϰսѪӳһ£ɣ
㣡
һĲں
첻ںǧӥ桢ԪҲǺں
ǿҶսѪӳΣ
Ȼ˵콫ΪѹƵ龳۷壬ǣѾòĺ壬ʵʵ¡
Ϊ̤뻯龳ѧϰĸ߽׹ɶģ
龳ߵһͿ˦Ҷ漸֣
˵䴵ţĻһվһ龳۷߿ɱҲ˲˲һë
ǻڵڣ
һ˸СܣСֻаٽ˵ҲռˣҲѹƵٽԴѹ˸һġ
νϰ鷳ˣ
ϷȫףηɰԵĻһսѪ죬ҶһߣһѪشսѪɳҶ塣
ѪɲǣҶ͸оһĸҺֱ̺Һ̺ǿǧٱԼԺС
ڼٵ׳š
׳һ˵ĸо
ǣЧȴʵʵڵģһڵһӵڳ˳תٶ˶һεۣ
ǿһת£ҶһܵĻһ㣬ƽʩչ˳
սɣ
׷ǲһ̤Ҷĳ˲죬е콣һĹ켣һ쫷Ľ˲𣬾糵һ˲졣
Ҷһ֣ǿķƽ
ؽƷĽ
ҲǲĽˣǻʩչҲܹв𡭡
һЦһƮƮĳ
ƼĳӰȴһһأǧַһ㣬һӰԴԴϵӭҶķơ
Уһ֣ʩչĳǧƣ
飡
ڶʮӰĽ֮£Ҷ쫷罣˲ط顣
Ҷ쫷罣ַˣǲǧӰӡҶ档
ţ
컺͵ĳԭǧһĳļʮţŲһĳ
ߵӰǰߵӰΪһ塢ٶȱɲǣҶؿڡ
ã
Сģ
˵ɫʱɷס
ŽֵһУҶгԿļˣŹ澭ɫҲ쳣
ţҶ
뾰һĵģ
İɣ֪ôҶ棬Բܳ¡
ૼ䣬澭ϵȴ΢΢һ£ҶӵпԼӳսսѪ죬ǾԲҶµġ
߿УηɰϢĽսѪ콻֣֣յ˽֮ϡηɰ󣬲ֱߵʹĲ籣һϢ
ŲǧҶ쾧͵ص
䣡
Ҷ׼
Ϊѹ龳۷壬ǣ龳ĺ壬Ͷ䣬ȴ̺żܡ
ؼʱ̣Ҷǿһá
Ȼԣ׻ȴǽڵǿа˹ȥ쾧ⱬ䣬˲һ䣡
ģ
쾧ɲǣ͵صֱһ֮ҶĺƮܿ˲һƾɱ
Ҳһɲǣζս쾧ϻ۵ƶ
飡
쾧һɲǱ飡
ݣ
ͬʱҶ硣
쾧飬нĽעһŲȥ
ҶΣȴ˳ƺƮ
ƮɲǣһĳҶС


220 
ע齣飬һײӰΰɱĲ죬ģӦòһߣҶȡʱ䡣
һɲǣڵˣɫ䣡
쾹ȻֱЩע齣飬˿ֱӳ˹ȥ
ʮ齣ݺݵײڲĻϱߣ̺ڲϡ
˲Ϣ䣬Ļͱ˺ˡ
콫ԼΪѹ龳۷壬龳۷Ļ޷⼸ʮƷɵİӲӲ
ǣѾ޳ɵĺ壬ȴȻҪǿ
ڶ
齣˺ƲĻ֮󣬺ݺݵĺ˲֮ϣ·˲ѣǣЩ齣飬ڲһӡ
֨
ҲһɲǣҶ£
֮£˲شӵӿҶֻƽʱһʱ䣬۳һ֧ʸ
ɲǼ䣬ϹһϢɢ
Ʒ
񹭣
£ڵǧӥ桢Ԫ˲䲻ˡƷٷְܹ˵龳ߡ
õõ꺣ĴڣҲҪԸͷ
һɲǣҶĵڣ
ʵϣ񹭣ҶĵֻҶû뵽龳ߵĺ壬Ȼ˿ֲ
񹭣弶սѪһӳɣҲҶ治Ϊ֪ĵơ
ǣҶ벽֮Ĳ໹̫ˣȫһ󾳽硣ȻԷΪҲѣ
似壬ܹģ
仰Ҷֻڸһλ޵Ļ龳صĴڽս
˵ףΪ
ҶΪܹͻƵ龳һأƾ˶ĵƣҶܴǱ
ҶͨıԴǵͷҶҲԸڴ֮ͥ¶á
⼸߽öˣöˣҶҲ֪ûгɳƨǡ
һһֲҲ˵
ƴɲǣɫһ䣬ĺˣǧĳһӰǷӵǧһ㣬Ļǰ
ķӦ죬ҶĶȴǸӵķ˼ϣ
׷
Ҷ澹Ȼ׷ǲһ̤ܿ커ǰĲǧӰ׷ɱ˲졣
ҪǣҶеϵδ
о仰˵ûȥļ˿ֲ
Ҷδ˲Ϣ䣬òͷƤʼ飡
ŴӲƻҶ棬һƣҶкʵĻῪ֮ǰǧٴĳ
һǧӰڲǰ۳һӰǽεĻס˲졣
񣬾ҶͻƲ첽µӰǽ֮󣬱Ȼ
ȻһʤҶе;Բ
ңúųƺһһ֡Ϊﵽ龳صĲææҲһĿ顣
׷ǲ̤ιһƣҶδƵ˲ı
һæңתٴҶķܲһӰǽԼ÷겻͸
ߣʲôһһ֣ҿͷڹ𣿡
ηɰĳЦɵòޣ
ԷΪ»ķ÷ǳҪȻᱻһλ龳۷ס
һһ浹սΪҶһ˲ת
Ҷÿתһη򣬲춼ǰܲ²ǧӰ
쵹ƹҶţҶǳľľ룬ڰҡ
ҵľ룬ǧҶ㹻ķӦʱ䡣
ǣһ׵ľ룬Ȼǻ龳صߣҲ޷Ӧ
һʱ䣬Ҷˣһ㣬ŪŲ졣
ڵ֮еһ֣𣿡
Ǻǣͷڹ굱澫ʣ
⵱ڣڵĳǣĳ𲽳ȻʲôС˵־
ܹ̼òңҲǰҶһѡ
Ҷ׷תĲ컹ûôĲ桢ǧӥԪ˵ȴǺˡ
ǧӥڵĸһ㡣
ŲնɱҶ棬ԸͽܱѪޣû룬쾹ȻҶ浱ˣˡ
ȥֻҪҶβĻûκʤ㡣
ӥղŲ˵Ҷô˵ˣ
ηɰ׺ĳǧӥǧӥڵòٺˡ
ò˵λһһ֣ȷʵ鴫
˵ĳţ˿Ӱ죬侲ܲһһǧӰǽ侲ļš
ܽƾƳҲҶ԰ˡ
ǣҶȴסˡ
ȥıȻ
ۺҶ׷ϲ졣
Ϊ̤뻯龳츳Ѫ츳Ѫͱи֮ľܹʱʱ̵̿Ԫģսʱĳ־
ҶȴǲС
ĿһҶ涸ؿˡ
죬ҲΣҲ뿪ڹȦӣһƽۣҶһ
Σ
һһƾ죬Ҷƽ֣
裡
ܽܵĳ裡
˲أУһ˿
ƴΣ
Ҷһͳˣ
˲˾
Ϣ֮󣬵Ҷٴһ̤Ƶɲǣתλһ⣬Ҷ档
ܵģӦһ㣬Ҷָһɣ
ݣ
ƿյļХ쳹ǲһ㱻ɲǣݺݵĺײһűסӰ
ۣ
˲ͱ˺ƣſµƣݺݵĺ˲ؿڡ
֪ʱƣѾǰһ£Ӱӿ˺
̫ˡ
쵽³ɲǣͼХŴ̽˲ơ
ĺһɲǷӳ˾˵á
Ѫܵʯһ㣬ÿǰһ֣ҪĵĴ
̴ƣؿһʱĸɾһ˿
ؿھǱ߶һһ㣬Ѫ쭶ʹޱȵͬʱαľ׷ʮף
Ȼ׷ʮףҶ֮ľ룬̵ʮס
ǧƷʱ

ǿѹؿŰǧĳ
Ҳһɲǣϵ˲еҶ棬һΣһΪ
УͻȻͳһģһܲҶ棡
⻯Ӱ
ʲôȻữӰ
Сӣʲôʱѧ
ڵĳڵˣͬʱסˣ
סģǻڵĳڵǣһǧƸոĳĲ죡
˭һĳͻȻ俴ԼɱĿ˵ʱ򣬶ᷢ
ᷢԥ
ԥĸ
ĸ棬ĸǼ٣
һ˲ԥģǾʤʱ̣
Ҷ棬ͬʱ˲棡
ܵģǧ˵ȳҶ棡
ۣ
һɢȥġҶ桯˲仯ޡ
Ŀ⣬Ӳи֡
Ҷ˫ָһɷŲ쵱ͷ䣡
˵ĺ˲ɢɲǼ䣬Ϳеˮɱƹƹҵĵȥ
˲ҡ
û˵꣬ɷеĲ죬׻
һ㺮˪ĸ˲ȫ켸ɱ
٣
ĺƿǱһͣҶĺɷȴһһ˲졣
ǵĺԽԽ
ҪǣҶһɷݺݵ˲ؿڵ˿ڴอᣡ
ۿŲĶԽԽϸǵļԽԽҶеɱ͵رǣ
Ϣ䣬ҶֵĺɷػһƷȻҶԲĳ罣
һӳ罣ƽ罣ž˵ƿĴ˲ؿڵǸѪ
ɣ
Ҷ纮ɷ


221 ڷ
ݣ
罣ŲؿѪĽƿշٻһ㣬òһſ˲Ť
ҲȫעĶⳡսǧӥ桢Ԫ˸ˡ
Ϊɷ٣òýӲһҶռȻ֮һµıɱ֮
һ޿ɶ㣡
ԭƾŲѾɵĺ壬ҶˣҲʲô⡣һ龳۷ߵȫһҲӡӡ
ҶսѪӳɣҲǴ̽ȥһģ˵Ƥ⡣
ڣؿǰѾһ󶴣ؿڵĺơ
ֻҪҶһ̽ȥɣ
ųƺһһǿߡ龳صĲ챻һ龳۷СϺ׸ɵʲô
˵ڶˡ
ˣҲĿŲ챻Ҷ浱ɱ
ס֣
Ҫ
ǧӥ桢Ԫ˵߳ʱǧӥӥһ㣬ֱҶ棬˳ɲǣ¾ˡ
Ԫ˿һһһңҶ档
֪ǻ
һֱĶŻληɰһǧӥ
ڵĳǿҲģοŹ澭зԸҶ飬һоҶ档
ŵĽȣڵĳǸ
һ֣ĥȭƵڳǾĳȥսѪսڣȲˣ

ָһߵ澭ϵӺȻת
иŵǧ齣һ£ͻعԭأڸ߿Уóһι켣Ӷţ
ʵģ˵ľڵĳǵģ
Ҷеĳ罣ĽѾ̽˲ؿڵѪ֮УֻҪһͻᱻɷ飡
˿ڵľʹò춸ʶԭƮһɲͻؽˣ
˲Ť

꣡
ʵŭŲһװ쳹
䲽װ󣬲ɢ˲Ϣ䣬ʹ龳۷쭵˻龳أ
ͷ⿪ԼΪ
龳صǺεȵۻ룬ʱڵڲ־£ɽһ㱬
䣡
һɲǣ籡ͷ·һ̫һ㡣
˵ǣؿڵѪǽӾ̵ĵ̿һ㣬Ǿ̵ĺˮһ㣬ӿ
Ҷոմ̽ؿѪ鲽Ľı̵˸顣
ֹˣǿӿһͽֳ罣ɡ
Ϊˡ
Ҷ氵һϧⲽٳɰϢ͵ҶĽ֮ˡ
Ҷ棬
Ϊ֮ɳսеĲ죬һŭֱҶ£
Ҷȴ׼
г㱻ɵɲǣξĺ󳷣
㡭ˣ
Ҷͳ˲Ķڣɫһ䡣
һ˲䣬衢ѵ飬ͬʱ˲գ˻֮սеĲ⣬ҲһǺƨһ㡣
һռޱƵսȻˣʽסС
ڼȽĲ쿴ǳ裡
ȵĳ裡
ûҡˣ
⼸˵鶸һмʧǣ
һսԽĲӰ첻ν
ռмƵ£㱻Ҷɱˣ󣬻һ޳ܵķʽס
ĽҲмѪԣĳˣ
ʱڳǶԻλΧŹҲʱ̣
⼸ϢĹ򣬳ϲѾѪԪǱ·һ䣡
ֻǧӥǹǿ֧ţҲԶˡ
սѪսĿֲڴʱֵ쾡£
ԭηɰ׶ǧӥҪһߣ
Ǵʱǧӥȴηɰ׵սѪɼӳ֮£ηɰѹǧӥ
˳һ
ڴ·Ϊԭ벽࣬һ֣һȭòѪò󺧣Ҳһֱδ¶Ļƽ̷Ī
ڣѾȷսѪȷʵս
ˣ
һֱŵǧ齣ͻһ£һۻĵͳ
ţ£͵Ϊֹɣ
ߣҶڣ׺죬ҶĤۣԴǡ
²ڵеŵӣֱӱѪ˹ȥ
ǧ齣ˣƽ̷˵
ǿӲ䣬ȴż֮⡣
ûڵƽ̷¶ĿŹ澭ɵϻο
Ȼƽ̶ˣǻڿ϶ԶţҲãλϣ˻ɣ
ţһڣٳֻеģ
һսһڼȻˣպ;ԲɱѰ
ҵĵӣŻǺԼĺãⱻһڵϣǾֻܹˣ
˵ĳŵҶһ
ôĹĿǴﵽˡ
Ժ˵Ժ£ֻҪڼſ޷ţǾˡ
ڵͷ˹ʶԭսһŵĻڡڳ˲طֻֿڵĲ桢ԪǧӥȴǷǱ
ǲ棬³ѪȾǰأ
߰ɣ
еǧ齣Ľһ졢ǧӥԪ˵Σƾʧ
Ҷ棬С˵ϷţٽϷϣϷؽҡ
Ҷ棬һҼ֮ʱڣյĳ裬ҵܵܵĳ𣬱ؽӱ
ǧӥȻȻʧ֤ѾԶȥ
ͬʱڵĳǡŹ澭ηɰףһһŵģˡ
ȻȴˣҲʯٵˡ
ڶ೤ʦֵܿҶĿ⣬һʱ䣬̫һˡ
ֻ峤Ϻ뽭ҶĿ⸴
Ҷʦ֣лл㣬־ҡ
ȳĺʯһĸм
ǿˣҪҶؼʱͦǼһء
Ҷʦܣ㣬ҪȻ洫÷ԪҲһĸм£ǵСأ
ûڣܳ£
ҶЦŰ˰֡
ȻҶ˵ǼλųȴףҪҶͦλӣĵˣ
սѪ쳹׵ϵ棬ǾԲύȥģ
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ҵǣڳ˯УСèҲµʱ䣬;֮һɢϢҲȲ
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Ҷ˺ˮ̲ܲͷͬĸۡڡ


223 ֮
̲ܲͷֳͬǳͨӵ˶һҲִ˵ǳͨ
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˵䣬̵Ҷ棬ƮȻԶȥ


224 ·
ƬƽԭǴҰԭˣ۳ǣӦþǴҰˣ˴Ұأ̤뽣Ԫ۹ľˡ
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Сèڴˣ񱼵ĶʮߣȻҶˡ
ʱҶ棬ķԭĽüҲһüսţȥȧǸʣԭ߳ߵߣҲߴ硣
仯࣬ģȴޓ죡
ģ˵ҶˣҶĸ׽ѩҶҲϲ
ӴǱ֮ͬҶ֮ͬôһͨżòʼ·
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ʮСսϰٳȫһõĵطⶼۣǱݣ
ֻ䰲̫￪ڣҰأ
Ǳûб֮ģһʮ꣬ʱӲ꣬Ӷ·ˣȴӵĳ඼ˣ
䰲ȫ
˵䣬ǽϥ˼ðҶꡣ
jҶնɱλ̳˵λãҲͳ׵ûǰͳ˺ˮĴ̫ӣ
ҰأȷʵǸطûԸ飬ʮˣҲöһˣ˴λȥȻýԸ
һӦ£ǼðҶ˳ֵľͽǽϵĴָս˻
ȻҵƭƵģҶʱʱǼðҶͻֿˡ
ԭҶӦڽĽ죬޲⶯
һģҰǸطûԸǺѣܶཫһؾǼʮ꣬ƫＫΣգֲҽҾӹ͵ģӾ͸ˡ
ôһЩ⶯һĽ죬ž룬ͱõĴָеĺðҶæ
λĪˣĪˣλΪعţ࣬ҲֵҽԼдʣϽ̫Ի
˵䣬ǼðҶ꣬ȻˣҶЩ⡣
ڽ֮ǼðҶͻظ¾˵ҲλǰһҪ죡
ܴ˧Ұصĺͼɻ
ǼðҶһԾ
Ұصͳ˧Ҳһ¡
ΪͼķǳҪ
ΪߡߵĴڣõͼַǳͨڵֽʵͼ
õͼǾͨ龳ǻ龳ߣ߱ɽӺڸ߿нԼ¼뵽֮еһĵͼ
˵һЩйĵͼ붯꺣Ĵǰȥͼ
Ȼ˵в죬ֵͼ˺֣ĵͼ׼ȷһ۹е֮أ˵ǾܶģûжݣǲܽӴȫ̵ĵͼ
Ҷļ𣬻ʸĹۿֵͼġ
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Ǻڵĵͼм¼Ȼˮĵͼͺһˡ
߿棬ҲֻǸţǴţҲЩýŲĵͼ׼ȷʮ
ܴ˧ʱҪ飬Ҫ
ɣðҶ漲æһ䡣
Ҫ飿ѵԪ۹ǰʲô
ɫ䣬æҰطԲǧģǳطǽԪ۹۹ģֻиţ
㹻ˣ
·ɣ
ðҶһӹɵĿǷԸһ䣬һһʮ𼱵ģ壬Ҳûɣ·
쵰ҵͷƭǮƲ˵Ȼ־֣ǲ֪ôд
ͷ˲䣬Ҷϵ֮ʱȡǽһ죬ʱָ˱Ŀ
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ˢ
һ쵽ǰ

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䰲
ǡ˵ʵһ䰲Ҷ֣Щ֪Դˡ
ǼðҶȴǾˣһָҶ棬ŭ
ţ˾Ȼ˽䰲ţɱ˴
۹Ϸٶ֤𣿡Ҷͬʱ
һ㣬һ£شַľһ£Ϸ֮ʱ⻪š
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쵰ƭϷ򣡡Ǹðŭ
ͬʱ¥ݿڵӾҶðҶ꣬ʣҲҶ档
һΪУ龳ڵΪҲ㲻ףǷҶǰƨҲǡ
ĻӾ͵ĲҺ쳹ͬʱҶһֱ̣ƽֱӭĽ⡣
ۣ
ҶĽ⣬һ㣬ֱӽĽ˸鲻˵ĳҲһʳġ
⣬һĴǼðҶüġ
ǼðҶ겻ɵûɢ
˫ϥһ˵ڵء
䰲С챦ϣ䰲
ҶĽͣüͷǰһѪ黺أھֵĴţ


226 رͼ
챦
Ҷ¶һ˿ЦżóһƬӰ߳ʱðƻж˹ؽڡ˵ӵһߡ
ʵҶһҲΪʲô챦챦ģҪҶ֪쵰ðͷ˶ٻ£
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λǡλҶͬ仰䰲⹫֮λҶĳݵݣߣһڵӣ
Ҷĳ߽нʲô֮λȫǸƣжŹ֮ߵҶĳðƻλɱ֮
λԺȣ٣Ҷĳˣ
ҶһĻ˵꣬ڳ߲ŷӦ׷׽˺á
ã䰲ģ
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Ӧ˼䣬ҶĿͿ˴Ұصͳ˧
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ǵģ˭֪С̫ڶվˣҵһĿЦһվһǧԭݳǣԭܶһ棬һЩС񣬼ƽƷ龧һٿ飬ȫڴָУ
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Сʱ֮ҶһȥǳžЩƵĵͼͼЩԼɽĳɽ֮Уһ㡣
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ԭܶֻҵԼðܷء
ԭܶɹ֮ҵֱҰأΪҵҰر߾ӪΪӵľõͼĵط
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䰲ϷЩ߹ؽпడ˵ʵҰسսʱɱ֮⣬Ҳ㷱ˮеģҲУǼܲסʱ䳤
콫ԴڿɱΪˡ˼Ҿǵ·;̫ңԶˡ
Щˣһʮ꣬˵ǶϲøĸϷ˵䶪˵ĻҰصĽ죬ñӶ֪˶ٶˡ
㲻֪ЩˣǴҰس֮Ϊñأ
ԣҶɫһࡣ
ϷƤֻ䰲̫Լ䣬˵룬ֻһһҲɰ
˵䣬ȻһŴָݸҶ档
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˧Ǻ⣿ѵҶֺ޵֮£˵㲻ᣬҲҪ˵ģ
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˧Ҷ˲Ҷ棬ҲѪġ
ϷˣϷˣ
죬ҶлҪĺ⣬ҹ뿪˴ҰأԷ¶࣬¶Ϣ
·ϣҶоŲرͼ


227 ͨ쳣
رͼƤԵҺڣƺЩͷˣչԼ߼ϱߵɽľ÷ǳ
һɽ֮УһСǳĿƺǲر֮ͼϵɽ𲻴ûֱעǳԱϡ
һᴩȫͼɽĺǳĿΪ
Ҷ֪֮УɽɴϢĺںУֻкˮ󽭺Ϻ
֮У̵ĺˮҲʮǳжϡ
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ҶԴΪھõͼϸȶ
Ҷžõͼҳ֧֧ҲǷѡ
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һλڸвŲ̋ɽڣӷֳ֧һǺģϸ΢ĲҲǳ
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رͼ˹ֻģǷǳġ
Ҷ˴γţҪΪѰǰͻƵ龳ΪˮһڻϢսˣҶʱܳ㡣
ҴӵͼϿпǲرصĴɽ˳·ƫҲ̫Զ
ҶҪִ۹ҪӽԪ۹ĵᴩŰ֮󣬲ܵһƲرص㰲̨ɽϾСһ䡣
һ··ҲȤбͼѰҲܽƣ
һ룬ҶͰԼļ·ǰŰ
Ҷȴǵ͹˶һ˳ŵѶȣžõͼҲʱ·ߴ·
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Ϊ޷ӣҶתԪҲѾҶÿģֻΪӶ
޷ҵ鵤ݣܹǰӵĻηɰ˵Ŀ갾ӵķʽҶΨһѡ
ʱ÷ɿ죬ảˮҲǷɿ죬תۼ䣬ảѾڸ콭н죬гѾ
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ҶڣɰͨĵһĿһ¡
Ҷ󾪣ſûд߶ͨ


228 齣ɽ
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ҶޱȵͬʱȻתת䣬еĳ罣ĳʣɽһ㣬Ž
˲Ϣ䣬ʮİܲҶ֮£ڷƷԴػʱ
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Ǿ˵û˿Ӱӣװϵ˿ͣҲǺ޶ǼŮ죬¶˿ŵı飬·𿴵˴ɵһ㡣
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ǰǰСʱȵڶϰͷҪȴ˵ʱҶŽ齣ɽ˸š
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ԪɽΪرŷ齣󽣷ݺ£ԪɽȻ⽣쳣
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ڽԪڵ󣬽ؾͱ˽ԪڵĽأǽԪڵ̤㣬ɱ⣡
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ģǽԪڣҲĲ
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ảٶȼ죬СʱѾʻأ齣ɽռʮټϸһߣʵҲ뿪˰
ʱ֮ҶСè̤齣ɽɽš
ո̤벽Сèʱ𣬻ëǴһ㵹Ե÷ǳľ֡
ڶΣյĸ֪棬޵ĸ֪ǿߡ
Խӽ齣ɽŷĽҲԽֲˣǣҶҲԽԽ˷ڴ
ÿÿн齣ɽбŷڵĵһͻ᲻ľ𶯣·ںӦһ㡣
ϵͿգΧ齣ɽһȦ֮Ҷ淢֣ۼ齣ɽΧ߻治٣Բʮ齣ɽû̫ΧĿյء
ңҶΧ齣ɽתѰŵطߣҲв٣дԶոոϵ齣ɽߣڵͿѲѰŵ㡣
תһȦ룬ҶҵԸŵ㡣
齣ɽϵһϿȣΪնԭ򣬲û̫š
׼ŵ֮Ҷ沢ûȥǳŷеʱСèԼĻ
ΪͻƵؽƷСèΪֺҺԵʣʩչǬ֮ѾܹСƴС
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
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Ӣ·ߣϿȵҶ棬ͲĴ˸ս
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Ҷһ˳ϿߣԽϣϿĽԽԽǿҶĲҲԽԽ
Σȴһɽһ㣬ҶΪĸߵ͡
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ͻأҶһʹ̧ͷһסһҡһĽزнĶ۽͵Ŀ絶һĴҶ档
Ҷ΢΢һЦĿһԥӭȥ

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ҶȻѧȽḧһɫĲнϱߣĴȥ
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231 緢
ηɰԣҶԼвĵ伮֪Եɺ͵֮ͨǰǷǳǿġ
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Ҳĵɫн©ӢĿڴ
֪ɫнܹٱԴ
ϿȵײҶٵļ˱ĳɫнոռɲǣҶһϣ


232 δѰ
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ܵͷǻ龳еƣҶָһֱ
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ʦĻأм͵شûʦ˲ͽ۸һʮƽ
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ȻûϲɫǳȵĿ⣬ȴ˿̵顣
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238 Ҷ
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֣ˣһǧİƱ߰һʮƱƷ龧ǧ顣
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һ󴮴ոոϵļʦһͣҲʿһһ֮ʿֻһɺֱš
ʮָɱ߲ռôࣿ
ҪǣһЩָϱߣ˽Ԫеıǡ
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ڽһѲôõĵҩȫóȥ֮Ҷüͷ

ѵҪ˪֧裿
ĻǷˡ
룬Ҷüͷһ壬ʱ˾ģϹ⻪һͽһ˳ȥ
Ӧù˰ɣ


239 ˪
գҶüɷ
ΪɷҶؿǵġ
ɷǿӹɣǣҶɷɣǧˡ
˼غɷһܹɷҪǣһĺ龧ɹ
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ǷǳܻӭģŹ澭ԣеĳ϶Ҷ湱׵ɷΪֹûһɣǹ澭Ŷûɡ
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242 ɱѪ
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Ѫ룬Ҷ·Եʮȫҩһ㣬˲Ϣ䱩һ

תۼ䣬Ѫͳ嵽Ҷһ֮ڣѪɫˮһ׵һ㱼еѪɫ⣬м仯һѪӯӯѪĺˣ
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ִٳֵոճһ˿⻪ɲǣͱҶǵɫ÷顣
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龳۷ߣôôǿ
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ң龳ߵٶȣע˲龳ܹģ
μ꣬ͻȻ䷢Ķ֡ҲҶУһ˿Цݡ

һǵĻХشͷ
תͷɲǣͿһ޴ĺӰͷûӦһֻצݺݵͷ
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쵰Ҫ
ͷ겻ܲȻ˻뷨龳ߵС壬ɲ龳ӵкǿĴڿɱȵġ
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Ҷ޷ӵдɺĻ龳صһǣؽƷȴԣ
ͬʱԶԪҶڵķ


243 ͸ԪڵĴ

űնɱѪ꣬Ҷ泤һ
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Ȼɵĺ̫ĺҪǿ
һУҶȲѣҶӼеͻƵ龳
龳ܹĺ̫ǿˣܹߵĿǿսеǿĻҲøǿ
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Ϊﵽ龳غɵߣһˣһʱȬɼǵƣҲһĹ
ǱˣֻҪμʱҲܿٵĻָ
ԪǷԽԽ⣬ҶǺ⣬ȻǰҰ֮ƣҶ˹
˪˵ûûѪ꣬湻ĿģԪﷶΧ˼У˽Ԫڵע⣡
Ҷҿ϶ԪڰĹ⻪ٷְǽԪ׷ɱߡ
ǵһ⣬ٶȿ쵽˼㣬⻪ҪһأӦǽԪפԪǵĻ꺣ϡ
ߣԪڵ˹Ȼˣ˵õ͸Ԫ뺣һݴ񣡡ҶЦ
ͣ
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Сè
ͺһСèһչۼʱҶ߿յɲǣٴξҶ˲ʧƺС
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£ƽ뺣סƽ뺣ֶŮǱɱġ
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ͻأԪڵĳʤԴϰŵĲЩŹ֡
Ѫɱƽֶ֮Ůʮܵñ֮ǡᣬȡѪ뺣֮׼͸ƽ̣һݣƽЦɣ
һѪ飬ȻɱߵѪӦд͵һѪ顣
ֻݣ۽Ԫ£ǶмλɵѪߣϾԪڼʮûɳɵ飬Է쵽ˡ
ֵ˵һ䣬Ԫһͳ콣Ԫ۹߽߳ɵĴţʮ궼κѪ꣬ôҶɵĸնɱˣ
ԭܼ򵥣ԽԪڵʵԽѪɵѹǣѪƻһвԣԶǧ㽣Ԫ޴ʩͽκΣ
ѪҶ治ͬѪҶϵΪĿˣҶ˸ɵѪĻᡣ
ѪݲȴýԪڵųʤɫ˲ࡣ
ԪǸĽԪҲһʤϵԡ
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ĽԪڣڵҶ棬ǿѪˣ
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𾪵ǣɱսѪʱ򣬸߸ϵų䣬뺣Ǳչ
˵һеԭ򣬾ΪҶļһ
쵰ҪǴȥҽԪڵҪˣ
ǿֱ˺ѪŭԪųʤγŭҲ˳ţ˸ѷԲǧ
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ǣʱҶ棬Ѿһٶ￪⣬СèٷУܹ׷ϵģ
ǻ꺣ʤܹ򣬲һ·׷ȥܹ׷Ҷ档
Ҷ̲ܲͷͬѧĲ֮ٵı£ǵ΢Ѫζ类Ҷڸˡ
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ܿģһִ³Ҳ½ع顣
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ڣ
ʤϵų֡һͬ뿪ģѪʬ壡
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ôҴҵĽΪ£òһµƽ뺣̤Щ
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ҪǴȥԪڣƽ̵ĸ飿
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²һϢֻҪҶ٣٣һɳų׷ɱ
ǣŷּ
һų֮ƽ뺣ŭ쳹
쵰ɷˡ

Ԫƽ뺣ƢʱɵҶ棬ͻͣ£·ĺ
ӦǸ콭вֳ֧һ֧ǰɽӦþǲرͼϺڵĮ̇ɽ˰ɣ
߿УŵҶóرͼϸıȶ


244 ħ
ҶĶԱȣŲرͼʾĲرص㣬콭вĮ̇ɽβҰɽ
ǵҶ浽︡콭вĮ̇ɽʵرͼһһԱ֮ҶѾа˳ɵİն϶رͼʾĵصڰ̨ɽ
ʱڸ߿иθϲرͼϵϸ΢֧֧֮ǰխڽ콭ĵһɽΪ͵ȵȡ
Ҷ΢ǳʮ׵ʱʼСûϢһƴССèƮ䵽Ҷġ
СèһգۼĺʹɢȥҶΣҲڿֳ
һҶһɽͷȥȻˣҶ׼һ£Ųرͼȥɷмƣ˵ܷʲôö
룬ҶĿĹ濪ʼѰʱ򣬲ŷѶȲһĴҶвرͼ
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رͼʾģرصӦڰ̨ɽģеݵأܾǸʵɽ塣
ҲҿҶѾ龳ߣܹշи߿ո۲ΣҪȻҶĵһ£Ťͷ뿪
ȻҶܹڸ߿ո۲죬·ʱҶֻ˫Ÿ·żҪ۲ʱϼϢʱһɳ죬ٵĹ۲켸ϢϷص档
߿УЩ޵ɽϿգ߿յΣǵʮ
ڷţһֻɢֲϢĹ񣬴һɽƺǽҶ浱ҪҶĿ죬ЩԶҶ˿Ǳûҵȳ˹ĸв͡
ȻϵΣҲǲСܲһС̤ǿ޵أʱ֮֡
ǣҶɽ֮ͷɲǰ׽еġ
ϸ֮£ɽ֮иָĶȭͷСĴ⬣ҲǳҶ鱨Ա
ܹҶǰ֪˺޵أΣյش˴Σա
˵ģҪСèˣԵͣţӦ˵Ѫ
ոձҶնɱ̺źѪ⣬Сèɱ˽ޣҶ浱ʳֱ͸Сè
䣬ҶСèëֱһЩϢҲøӵۻ롣
ҶпԼĴΪСèѪƷǵؽƷΪѾﵽؽƷĿܡ
ҶǵãСèĸףΪӶʧԭ򷢿񣬻Եɺ֮½ƷͻƵ˵ؽƷΪ
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ħսʱΪ˵ؽƷˮԳڵĴ󲿷ҶоڶؿռƺҪ⡣
ҶڴڶؿռܹʲôĺôʱڣһֱΪ˶Ŭ
ֻҪеؽ׵ҶһԵˡ
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ǣڶؿռķӡֻƺʱбĿܣǲɢ
˾ʮţһ¾ǲ
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밲̨ɽ֮󣬾Ǹ߿ոҲˡ
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תۼ䣬Ҷڰ̨ɽ˰£ҪǴָʱȽϣҶ¶ܳҰˡ
һգҶոնɱͷΧĵؽƷǣոҳ֮شɽд
ƺǳҶġ
Сè˲СϢصһԣ⣬Ȼ˳÷ǷնɱѪ̶ܴ꣬ȾΪСèͻ
˲Ϣ䣬߾ʹ˼ӵҶ漸⣬Ҷʱ˽֮ϣһľ衣
ҶĸӦһɢŻ龳ߵϢһ˵ϢҲ˵ޱȡ
ˣһħǵû뵽ǡħ̫ƻˡ
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ħǣûУҶ
üͷֵܣûޣˣħǵķҲǺģɫ㣬ûм
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Ҷ滺ҡҡͷȴ˿ҷɣƻļһҶ٣Ϊ仰ɾ裡
ȻˣǾͲˣֵǷħǵ٣ֻɵ߿ѧǽУǾܷ֣ʱ򣬱л
ã
˵꣬תߣӲǼıƺĶˡ
߳ûͻת˵ֵҲɽﴳİɣˡҶһ䣬˴Ѿǰ̨ɽĵشˣֵ򲻿ǰˡ
ΪΣ
ޣƬ֣ǰ·Сɽ壬йȵأܲζĶΣҵߣҲ֮򲻿ɴ룡
ˣǵطԣΧкüʵɽ壬ǧ򲻿ɴ룡ҵһֵܣˡ
˵仰Ҷ˵ʲôתȥûϢξʧɽ֮С
ԭصҶȴˡ
ȵءΧǸʵɽ壬ǺüЩҪؾۺһ𣬲ǲرͼϲرص
ôʱûҵҶ涼׼ˣȴ·˵ļ仰еõ
Ҳ𣿡
ҶЦЦչǰȥ֣أһֲСɽʱҶĿһϲ
Զߵ߷ΧһȦǲǲرͼʾĵص


245 
߷ܱ߸ʣмͰɽһۿȥɽɽȡ
ȥɽǻĻҺĲɫ٣ѱ档ԶԶĿȥҶֻܷɽֲǳïʢ
ˣ͵̽һ̽ɫΣȴҪСģ
ͻأһỺɽ촵һ˿ĸ֮˱Ƕ룬һΣҶʱͷۻתɡ
ĶΣ
Ҷ澪һ֮ԶСĺһ˿ζҶжļ
Ҷ漱æϢתŽŵ˿ڵĶλȥҶ濴ɫεĿ⣬Ҳý
ɽܡֻͨǶۼֻǸʬѻ֮ͻγɸָĶΡ
֮УɫԽΪߣԽء
ǰֲɫΣͨڣʱͻԪ龳ϼڣҲжѽȡ
£ɵĻ龳ߣԶصĵֿ֮ߣֲɫΣҲСġ
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һһģҶ淭ɽµɽţƬ֮ܲء
Ҷ̤ɽ֮ǰѹҶˣͻسҶǰվĵط
磬˵һǲѰģܲҵǵطῴҶʧӰЩġ
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ǺЦ϶㻹ǲ˽Ⱥı԰ֻҪһؾŸĵرմߵϢᵽѪζһ㣬ĸȴ
ǣ֪ⶾɽȼȵΣգ˴꣬뾡취ߵǸأ
ܴܲȥһȻܹȻĴ̨ɽܲмֱµġ
ңߣǻֵµһʾ𣿡
˶һۣͻԹЦ
϶ߣҪõ㣬˵СӸ˹һأǾܻñˣ
ֵܶҶ붾ɽ֮󲻾ãҲ˽ȥ

ĻеСèһǻشҶ档
ͣЩҶɡ
߽ɽȣҶŷɫεĿֲ
ɫɡһ㣬ھ漸ʮ״ܲţһƷȥ˿ɼ
ģɫθǵɽڵֲǳïʢ̵ģַǳ޵ĲĻ֮ɫ󲿷֣Ǿ綾֮
ˣҶ澹Ȼ˶Ľɫܣ֩롢ڻȶڻ洦ɼ
״ҶӵСġ
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֮࣬Ҷ涸֮һַǳĶΣ֮ΪʴǶΡֶγ˴ӿڱж֮⣬ֻҪ˽ӴֶΣǹͷƤʴǳ
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ʮν˲ϢͽǾ޴ĻǶϡá
Ӧʳ˻죡ͻȻϮʵֲ
ⲻʳ˻Ŀֲֲ֮Ҷʳ˻ڵһʳ˻ͻȻϮ֮Ӧһһŵʳ˻ͻͻϮʱ򣬱˵龳ߣǻ龳Ҳꡣ
׼ܲʳ˻ҶвͲ̫оյĴ
˵Ӧûǳǰ˵Ĺ⡣
мʳ˻رܼĵطƺǱǰһʳ˻ܶȱС˺ܶ࣬ҪȻҶµúݷһͨ
Ҷǰ
ҶߺûãˡҲڱҶնʳ˻
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ǿֲ󣬾ɽˣ˵
ߣһܿϷ
϶Сĵ㣬ʳ˻ȻΣǲҪĺá

ʳ˻ľѣҶȻСģһ·ϣȫ
Ȼɽһ㶯ټܡߡЩҲǶȻ࣬Ҷϸ֮£ַľ֮
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̻𣬻β䲻ҽҶ氲ȫͨƬͨʱߵһ߾߷ڵĺǣҶ澪Ĳѡ
β֮Ҷַ
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ŵ伮мصɳĮ߽мصġ
֪£óȻ̤룬ǻ龳ߣҲֻ·һ
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ʴǶԼʮ׵ʮײȣֻҪ״ӶͿ԰ȫͨˡ
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һ룬ҶüͷøͷܲŹ֣ǳĹŹ֣
˳ͨʮһںɽڣͳҶУҶ澪ϲǣǶϷȻ֣
ѵǱأ


246 ˭˭
ƶ
ǰһ·ҶȴҲǰˣ۾ĿŽǱӲ̦޺ǵĲֱ
ڲǰԭ򣬺ܼ򵥣ǰΣ̫ˡ
Ҷʱ븡ƶԼľ룬أǿȥǳȫĿղݵءǣƶǰһΣǳĿֲ
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Եͱѡ
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ݣ
·һɫ㣬ݺݵĺںĿڴͷܿҪǣŵֵΣȴǲɱ·Ļɳ׹䡣
飡
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ʱ׵ʮɳڻĺˮһ㣬ӿһֻֻƺɫӰӻɳ
˲Ϣ䣬ͱû

ҽվ𣬵ǣվģϵɳϡ
˲䣬ȫ£Ѿɳϸǡ
վ֮һ䣬ֵ˫֡˫ۡ˫Ⱦͱɭɭ׹ǡ
У˵ٴεԽʮɳʱѾ߿ݹǡ


247 ƶ󽭰
⻹ǡ
ת˲ͱһѰ׹ǵҶҲ𾪲ѡ
ɳϣҶеĻҪֲһδľ綾βˣƣ˵ǻ龳ǻ꺣ǿˣҲҪԿ
ɳϽ֮Ҷһӣ߰׹ϿգһǳɳеĴָͻĸգƮҶС
Ϊﵽﾳ֮һҶΪܹͻƵأ˵ܹϢеС
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ҶЩףΪҪټ˼Ѫˣʵ̫Ѳˣˮ𲻽
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һŲȥ󽭰һԿеѪ˳
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ģ󽭰һԵ¶һ˿ʡ
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и̫ȷеϢеĺảź޴ԪǸۿͣ˰졣
жʱảŹģЦ̸һ;´ߣȻ֪ǺảⰲŵŮ˷ˣǸߣͽ֣ҵ
֪ľЩˣҵǵѪǻұ
ģ
ʤЦһ󽭰һԵԴͱ˷顣
޳ϣǽԪлϵɣϷѯ֣ҵϴʱĿĵأԴΪ飡
ãӦһ
ʤ뿪ʱһԪִ±һеСкǰʾλϣǳһСĶӣΡ
ۣ
ԪųʤһָһѪʱͳСкϣǽԪִɫ԰ֽ
һС֣ôţ㻹Ǹ𣿡ԪųʤЦ
Щͨأɫ԰ִʾ
󽭰ﾹȻ깴ô꣬Щˣȫɱ
ȫɱඣ


248 嶾ӡؾ
ƶĵһڣɻƽ͵ĳ󴲺м䣬ƽϣװεĸɫ䱦Ρ
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⸡ƶˣǸݳ޵Ĵڡ
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һ㣬ӦǸƶ˵ԷҶһʮߺǣӦöŮԵʬǡ
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ǰãȴûʲô˺ۣƺġ

ҶжһѵǸԪݽߵϹ
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һʯ̣ҶһĳأһޱǷϵĸо
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ҶʰģٴŸƶ̽ȥ
һ̨֮һ⻪ΪĲɫţҶǰ
ֹסĴҶк
ؾ


249 ħ븡ָ
ϲҶ濴ͨͷĲɫţ侲
ղҶ֮ѿںؾ֣ҪɫеǬʯؾĹŷǳ
ڵ伮мأɫţǴԾ˵Ϊǿл۵֮۶ɣҲпǸʦ۶ɡ
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һſҶξʧڹ֮ڡ
бһķʯңʯ֮ڣеһߵ֮⣬
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ϸϸĽߵµÿһ綼û֮󣬺ҶվߵĶңң۲
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Ҷ淢֣濴ʱߵ۾ǳĿһҶĿߵ۾ϸȥ
䣡
ҶĿߵ۾ײһɲǣҶе磬ͻ췭ظ
һԺоͻأسһĻ档
ͿУһλͷǡ˫ᵫħڷŭ𣬳һһɽʱһΪػӿҽ硣
һһĴӺеĺˮʱħ˸ɸɾ¶˿ݽߵĺӴˮ븹ʱħһޱȵˮĻ

תŭһ˸ſֲ⻪ˮпȥˮ֮ɽɻңռһƬƬݣ¶˿ֲĿռڶ
Уһʯһʳָͻأس֣ǰǿ˸ſֲ⻪ˮ

ˮһָƣɢ£ϣʱɺ
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ħˮռ䶼飬ɾ˿ֲĴڣȴһָˡ
ˮ򡢲֪ˮɵˮĻΪ˵ĶħԱһָɱɼһָжֲ
ʱҶͻ뵽Ǹڴ踡ƶ̶ܴҲڷ⴦ؾ֮󣬲ſⶨڴ˵صġ
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ָй·󣬵ǵӡǾ춯صɱħһָĹ켣Ϊ
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Ҷǣ︡ƶڣ׼ʼݡӳ龧Ѫֵʱ򣬸ƶڵѪ֣ͻˮһɢ˵ڵأĸҶÿ˵·ȻҶ档
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250 ԪѪ
Ų̋ɽĸ߿УԪڳߵľ⣬ľۼ˫Ŀ֮ϣĿӥ͸鿴ŷԲڵһж
Ϊ꺣ǿߣһ˫ĿȫΪ߶ޣĿǷǳ˵ġ
꺣صǿߣѰ귽ԲûκģȻҲǷǳĴ
Ϊʲôܵｫ۾ɵøͭһ㣬ֻһԭһжΪʰҶ档
ԪɵҶŸεĻԪڳܹŵһ
Ϊħսһ£Ԫڼȫڸ𣬲ýԪʧأųϵλͬ˵Ц
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ԣڴ֮ǰеõϢ֮󣬽Ԫڳġ
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ǰһ룬ڼٵĽӽš
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һ˲䣬Ҷ漸˱֮֡
ôƣ
Ҷüͷһ֣ϢҶüͷչ
ƺֻղܲһ


251 ׵޳
һ£Ҫʤǿƴ䲻⡢䲻ʱ⼸ҶԼܽġ
ǣھʵǰƴ䲻⡢䲻⼸ͳͳǸơ
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ԭҶСèսѪ죬ϻ龳ߣ򲻹ٿӡ
Ҷ浱֪龳صѪǳпڳ⣬ɴ󵨳ǣ̾
սѪӳ֮µСèٶȣԸ꺣ҲȻҶҲƵˡ
ת˲䣬Ҷ˾
ʤǿǼַھԵʵǰ󲿷ֶõģʱʱھԵʵǰҲԾá
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ǣûУһطȴУǾǶɽȡ
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ٴĿǰò˰ӣԪڳξ׷ʮľ룬ɵĸɵҶ档
ȻҶԴǶɽ֮⣬Ҳ벻ڶԹҶĻᡣ
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쵰ȻϷϷһҪƤңٴαҶ֧˵Ŵ
ʱʱ䣬߰˿ڱѪȥѾоϢеˣ׷Ҷ棬Ըȼֲȥˡ
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Ǹʤ˷ѶԶˮҲⲻ˽ʡ
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ݣ
ҲһɲǣٴҶ·Ŀǡ޳ϵĿɣ
飡
޴ÿһ죬εɫ԰һ֣һþֲѡ
ҪǱҶŪȱûˣ
һɲǣηŭĺ쳹ɽȣҶ棬Ҳڣ


252 Ԫڳε
ϧҪҵΪǿһ㣬һܹĿ֮аɣ
ɽУɫСɽڼɵҶһϧû취Ϊţ⣬ҶѾսѪļӳ£սһأҪȻɫϱߣҲ
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ʴǶôҲܸһ㲻С鷳ɣ
磬Ҷ漸Լٶͨʳ˻󣬿ٵĵһ֧̰Ҷ漲ٵͨ˻β
Ҷ濼ǹʳ˻̫ãһβҶԣͬĿֲвҶԼҲҪ군
ԣҶѧԸһ㣬ֱûβ󣬲ûãҶͲ֪ˡ

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ʵ֤Ԫڵжȷġ
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յҶһ飬Ҷ滹ǻԥڸԪƽ뺣ǷݴϣԼĴ֪ᱩ¶٣Ҳڣ
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ͷݻױеƾҲ׵ɢˡ
ԣ׷ϣȻҶ֮⣬Ҷڣ
ԪڳβϽڻβǰ˼˼Ϣ͵زһЩʪݣټһЩ֮ʱ˴

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飡
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ݣ
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253 ʹ
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һֵҶ棬漴Ȼ϶֪ڵĿұ¾ֲҩɣ۹ڳ֮һҩṩ
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260 
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ͻظЦ˼ָҶһ֮ɫ֣ģҽЦһЦ
һ龳۷壬ǿԸ龳һضʰ龳أҴһָͷ㣡
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ͬˣȴһδĴУʱ񲻼ΪʦǸӦܶ׫ġ
Ǽʱһ벻ͬҲͬ⡣ңֻҪǰ¶棬תġ
û뵽һĴճұ˾ȻҲվߣ񳹵׵ʧȥϣͬʱҲ׵˼ˡ
һ
Ҷǳһ˿ڿڽѪĺ
㻹ҪҪҪǰɣ򣿡
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Ҳһ̣ܶԼ£ͻغǷС
ƾʲôŮһҪ޸ߺȣ
ɫһ䣬гһؽָҶ棬֣ģ㻹ǲˣֵģ͸Ҵһ

ͻƿյľ磬һװı˿ƮƮ䵽м䣬Ŀ⿴ʱĿһغȵ
һȣȴǱŭмһ˿һɫеĳЩòˡ
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֣ģûҿôͻƵ龳޷ͻƵ龳һӶܲ㣡
ңңĴñɫѿ˼֣ӦС飬Ȼûɡ
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ʦ𣬲£̫޳ܣҽŷ֣˳ʦ־Ȼ˵޳ܡ˵
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ܣΪʦʦʦżֽ飬˵ʦ˴Ҳյһһܴˡ
ΪʦķţȥȥҳʦæġóһЩΡ
ллʦ𣡡
лˣ
Ѿ֪Ϊ磬Ծʹ󷽷ǰл
֣ôΪ˰㣬ΪܡֻԺúõĴܣҾˡ
һ仰ͽ˸ҶҲֻܺߺߵӦš
Щȥ·Уǻû飬򲻿ǻ֮£
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˰䣬ܾͷӦ˹Ѿʱ͸Ĵƻʦ𡭡
ˣȥ̫ңԶӢۣ̫㺫ʦһɣΪߣҲиӦ
˵䣬һѶʱһȥΪ߸
ҶЦá
˾Ȼ·ϸɲһ𣬲֮࣬רŰһһͬ·ǡ
˵˶ܲĵϣҲǼõġ

ܵĺʦк̩һ龳صߣǱһλ洫ӡ
̩ǺԸҲˣ츳ȴǼߡʱδЦһţøоˡ
ȻǸҶܰ˸ݣʵϣܻҶ棬ܻӭ̩
̩ˣ̫ˡһ·ϸ·˵࣬ʲôֵҹŷ硢ʳۻ̩һɣŪҶ涼Щ˼
۹ǺΪһ۹˵ӶͷͷＸʮ۹񶼴Լ·
ṩڻ۹Ĵؿ񱼸·
ҲһֱѱĵͽޣǧҶҹ̵Ļʮ֮ھܸϵ񶼡
·֮˶ЩƣԵгһǳصʱȷ˻
ʦ֣磬Ϣһ·ɣ˵
Ůɾ·糾͵ģʵû
ףʦ֣ǳôл𣿡ͻأ̻ǰСڴ
ôᣬ½Уֲ̡
ͻأ̩
ͷϲһѪ죬ܹһѪ죬һֻǣ𣬲ԣǺƺ棡
ң죬ҶɫҲñ䣬һ죬͸һּаĸо
죡ǣ
̩鶸رѿޱȣ죬ǿߣ
µٶȴǼ죬Ĺ򣬾ѾӽСǵ֮ڡ
ߵǷǳǿģҽЦ֯һƬһ㣬˵Ķ֮С
죡ǿߡ
ʦ֣ΪʲôҪߣѵͿǳƽձɱ㿴кӣ
ָǽʱˮʱʹӿ˳
ǽϣһ˾ĺӿ̤ϳͷ³ͷһŸո̤ʱһֻ־ʹо
˻
Ǹ˾ĺӣʱһ˺룬ѪգֻǺСС۾ŭţǿ־塭


261 Ѫʹ
ܣȥ㲻֪ġ
Ӻι
ֹ̩ܵʱҶŭһѾϱƮɶշɶ˳ǽ
֣֣㲻֪
ҶΣ̩ĺ˿Цһ䣬ҶѾ̤ϳǽ˵Ҳ׷Ҷȥ
¿ǵ鷳ˡЦţ̩ܵ׷˹ȥ
ʵϣ̩Ȱ˵Ҷ滹ЩЧġ컯֮£ڻ۹ǣš
ССģǡ
ǵ˻ı󣬿϶ǳǿ
ǣҶ濴Ǹӱ˺ʱŭ˲ǵǣһеĳ˳ͷ
̤ϳͷʱҶ泹׵ľˡ
ҶϣҲǴʬɽѪ߹ģеҲϰǣǰСǵ龰ֻ˵ǡ
˼
СǵĽֵڣѾʬ壬ÿһʬ壬Ǳһ롣Сڣڱ߿޺ţһһſͷͷ
ɱ꣬ЩѪµĵͻҪЩһ룬ЩеѪų
۶ͯˣûһŹģСڣѪѾ۳һСӡ
һѪɫ硢Ѫ⻷ƵߣѪϿգһָһѪɫ⻪ʹӵѪƺʲô
а

һĻҶŭ׵ıˡһ̤һӣʮɳĽ£ͽһѪ߸롣
ţ
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ѪʹߵڳɱƽյѪߣ׷תѪ۾Ҷ桢ܡ̩
һѪߣҲνѪͽȻ龳СڲȵΪ
ҪǣһЩѪͽĿȻʮˡ
ƺ֪ĺ̩ɫһף̫ˣ֣֡ܣǿ쳷
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һĻú̩öŴǸʲôû˵°˺Ȼƣʮ龳ͬʱΧ
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Ҷͫ͵˼£ȻֻֻӳһһҲǷСɡ
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쵰
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ʱҶüͷȴѪʹߣȻӵл龳صΪѪִѪޱȣʽǶ
ֲżغϣ̩ͱˣҲֻʱ⡣
һɲǣ̩ĲҽҶƿͬʱһѪһƣƹ˺̩Ĺâֱͻƺ̩Ļú̩ɶ
һתʱһѪʹߡ
Сӣ
Ѫʹ߷һٵļХһֻ쳣Ѫɫƾץֻ
ۣ
Ѫɫ˲Ϣ䱻䱬ѪʹߵĲҽѪ壬ʹ߷ģһҪѪܣ
ԹļХУѪʹѪɫĻһҶ档
ʦ֣ô˹ɱѪͽˣԸ
һӣҶͽмֵǵ׸˸ովĺ̩̩˲ˡ
Ϊ龳ߣƷļֵжǻ꺣߶ҪΪ֮׸
ɱˣ
ܵīӰһ㣬ÿһγһѪͽɣһӣܵξʧˣΧѪͽΪ֮Ȼ
ٴγֵʱ򣬱ӰһѪͽԴͷա
ȴ֮ʩչó뻯
ʦ֣쿪ɱ
ܵıУ̩͵طϸ߿գӸµɱЩѪͽ
ѪͽһѪʹԴ󷢡
Ѫħָ
ѪʹһָָѪۣرòǳһ˲䣬·һ㣬ؼ䣬ֻʣһָ
ҶУȴһѪָȴѪ죬ֱԼû
ָ𣿡
ҶԳһ˿ȻսѪĹ⻪ϢڣҶ˲Ϣ䱩һ
ĿһҶ濴յĿرޱϲʳָ̽һ㣬һ˶ָι⻪ͷ·̽һ㣬ӡһǲǳѪɫ⻪ϱߡ

ʯѵ𣬲ǳѪɫ⻪رɢһ㵴
Ҷǣһ˿ıóѵЦݣѪʹϸ֡
䣡
֪ʱһѪɫϢ˵ҶıҶ汳նȥ
Ҷĺ̩󾪡
֣֣СѪħ棡
٣СӣɣѪһУɻɣѪʹ߿˳ʳ


262 Ѫ
ͣ
һѪɫ֮͵ȼ֮·ܹһһ㡣
һҶ浤ڵһӿڷ籦׵ػ⣬ĻǸոһ˿εҲֿ
ҶЩѪʹ߸ˣѪʹߵֶҲޱȣԼȫս֮ʣȻϢķųɱС
ҪҶĽͨͨûдɣһʱֻĻʽ뽣ͨľ硣
ܲҵģҶ沢ûн뽣ͨľ磬ҪȻܱѪʹ߸ˣ

Ѫʹ߹Ц̵ѪרһлѪ֮£龳ߵĻҲܷһСС顭
ͻأѪʹߵ۾һɣĿⶸرôޱȣһ˹һģ
пԷһеѪ棬Ҷ֮󣬾˿һ㣬Ȼ˲˴롣
ȻҶ׾ʹ飬Ѫ⼸룬ڷҶĻ֮ѪͼĴҶڷ籦׵ػ
ܡ
ͣ
Ҷʳָ㣬һɫָشһĵѪʹߵĶͷ
ۣ
ѪʹߵԴʱһ㱬ʬӸ߿ŵȥ
֣֣ҪѪħ̩ߺһ
ѪħҶһ㡣
ҲһɲǣһѪ͵شѪʹߵʬϷֳѪһһա

Ѫٶȿ쵽˼㣬Ҷոշ׷ȥɲǣѪѾʧ֮С
ˣѪħӶٶȿȻ꺣ߵٶȣ׷ϵġ
̩۾ɵôģе鹭ȴǲͣĿţÿһһѪ߱䱩սУҪǰһĻˡ
ܱƵ˵ѪʹߣȻҶһָɱˡ
Ҷ棬ֻ龳۷Ϊ
˵ǣҶĻȻѪħ棬˽˵һΪһǱĴ˵
ΪѪʹ֮ЩѪʱɢɢȥ
ЩɥҪκһ
ŭһҶλӰһЩʼɢӵѪߣһһѪߵԴա
ƣ磬һ޳ͻɱһѪߣֳ̩鹭ڸ߿ɱԶѪߡ
֮󣬽ЩѪɱ˸ɸɾ֮˲¾һ
ѪʹߵѪħˣպ鷳ˣߣһҪСģ
̩Цһ漴ǾĿҶ棬֣֣ϰĻȻ˲ѪħҲܵס
ۼһλѪʹߵѪħֱӷ˻꺣ǿߵĻλ꺣Ĵܳ˸û䣡
Ҳɣ
ʵϣѪҲѪħչʱҶѾĴ㣬Ȼ޿ɶ㣬Ǿƴźڷ籦ױ٣ҲҪôɱѪʹߡ
һǸָѪʹߵԴ
ҶǣֻгεףȻѪħ˴롣
ҶսײżĹ򣬽һ׵ĳΣҶƣǲף׵ûС
ȴ꺣ߵĻסѪħ档
Ҷֻһ⣬ˣ
Ѫħǡˡ
Ⲣ֡
Ѫħһа֮Ҷȡ֮ɣǼΪɾĸ߽֮Ѫħа֮ҲǺġ
Ҷ˷ܣû뵽սɵ׾ȻãǸΣȫɹã
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ǧĳѪı±ø֮
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꺣ܵڵĳǳأһҹ֮˹򣬶ҴҲ÷зģٺѪ̵¾û˸ҹˡ
Ѫǵĸԭ򣬾Ѫ顣
Ѫ飬ҲѪ̵ĸ
˵ѪһطԴѪҺȡϡѪѪ顣
ѪطĴ߶£ЩΪڸƿ߽ͻƿУΪڸƿ޷ͻƵ߶ൽʤѪ̵Ѫͽġ
Ѫ̣ĪģЩʹϸѪħˣѪе֮ΪѪ񣬾˵ǲĴڣҲѪ̴кüǧ겻Ĺؼ
̩֪ģЩˡ
ݺ̩˵Щزصĵ伮пˡ
æ˽һҹʱ䣬ֱڶ賿Ҷ˲ŽСڵ߾εĲ࣬СڣѾǰһƬһ˿ڶնɱˡ
ոշʱҶ¿ԣŻ۹ĵ۶񶼼۶ȥ
Ѫ¾СǣҲֻʱ˿ڡ
º󣬴ӱʹԻָСУһУλ˵
ֱֳͭޣŭĿԶ


263 
ڵĿɽʦ۹ĿͼڼΪһĴڣסĵطΪ
֮󣬻۹ĵ۶ͱ˳֮Ϊ񶼡
ʱҶ桢ܡ̩һ˾ų񶼵ĳǰ
˵ǳУΪҶ˵Ŀ˫ĿһȥңǽıߣҶĿҲʮ
ǽǰɣȥڳоסϢһٽȥݼʦ̩˵
̩ԣ۹񶼹Ϊء
һأ֮ΪǣƽոֵͼӪ׮ʶǡмһأ֮Ϊڳǡ
ڳߵģߣȻҲȱ޸̣ȫߵĸֵУȻҲǳĸߡ
һأϵ񶼡
֮ڣ˻۹Ļʹŵй֮⣬סȫǻ꺣ĴܣԼиҵĴʦ
㵤ʦס֮С
񶼵ŽΪɭϣͨƽ˴̤㣬ֱӴ£ߵУ龳Լ龳߲ܽԪ̤Ľƽûʲô
ңһֱŻʹľƣ֮⣬֮ڵĴߵˣȴ޷롣
ǣҶŷʲô˶ࡣ
ʱȻǰʱ֣ˡáĦ࣬Ϣ
ֻ̩Եķų龳صϢǣӵҲҶóһͨ
Щ»ĸ̣ں̩ųϢ֮ҲЩƽļڲһͺǲ˿Ρ
ǻ۹Ϊظϣǲ·ֵĻҲѲƤ
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ҶȴһĪĸпǿΪ𰡡
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ˣʲôģ
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˰˸ۻᣬصǰμӡͻذ۾һãҲμӰɣǰ¥ԺҲסµġ
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ŵؿ쿪ˣһֵĺʼɳľȻһʮҲΪ
һŵؿɳľЩںģġⲻǰ˸ۻᣬЩ֪ĺֻ֮пܶᵽεԼǰװˡ
ףǻ̩⡣
庫̩һ۾˵ĵף˾Ͳĵεˣĸǰºǿߵʵ
⵹Ҳǣǰд輸Ҳܻ۾顣
ôȥȥѵðЦ̩ĿȴǿҶܡ
ҶҲ֪ġ
ǰڵ񡢵ذʲôģǶԺһΧ
ʮڣΪڻ꺣֮µ߶ԲμΣ˵ںԽߣúôԽ󣬾ʲôôҶȴ֪
ŵÿ꿪һΣÿһεĺǳңƴʱз
ҲΪἫΪңģߣǻ龳ߡ
龳ľǿܹμӣΧ벻ˣ˵ǻΡ
֣ƣʦܣǵΪҲܲҴһμûʲôɣ̩ȻǺμۻᡣ

¶Ϊ֮ɫʦû龳һصΪȻԲμӣλѣΪ龳
֣㲻֪ڵɽӦü龳һ۷ɽͱ֣ɻˡ
龳۷Ļܻ龳һ۷ģ֣㲻˵Цɣɫһ䡣
֣ں˵𣿲˵ֵ֣սҲ磡
̩ȴѪʹߵһսѪʹɱǱܣҶȴնɱѪʹߣ仰
ʧ꾪֮࣬ҶĿУʱһ˿ɵ
֣ǵľۻᣬҾͲȥˡ
ۼ˼Ҷȴ̫ȥȫǻ龳ߣһ龳۷ļߣܲġ
֣֣ȥôõĻᣬôܲȥأвһʱ䣬ŵؾҪˣʱΪҲͻƵ龳
ս϶ҪģǰʶһҲиס̩Ȱļ顣
ߣôǿȥô˼ȥ
̩Ȱ˵ҶЦã⺫̩ʱЩ
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԰֣ս֮ǿǶӦûӭǡ
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ҶЩΪѵĴӦˡ
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˽¥ã˾¥ĴƬԺһģԺ
ԺһЩģľ¥רŸṩľۼõԺ䣬лһǳ䳡ɹд䣬ԱΪԺ
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Ժ˵䳡ڵҵʰ£Ϊݻԡأϴԡ
Ժڣռسǧ׵ƽϣֻоߣжŮ٣ɢϢۣ㶼ǻ龳еϢ
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ĵһ꣬ϢȴǷأϢɢʱֱƷΪϢȻﵽ˿ֲĻ龳ء
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ѹɳľĿһӶ䵽ҶϣɳľһʱǲˬĿ˰ꡣ
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264 ۹
ɻڻ龳һصɽţƾսҲвμۻʸ֣֣룡
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һ˵˸ոƿĿٴξۼҶϣҶȴǲΪ⣬˸λ£ʳ
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ҶһֻļȣȻ˹κ޼ɿе޾췢ս
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κ޼ɵɫһ޳ܣ֪޾춼ˣս飿
ҶһΪģ޾ûҲǣκ޼㾹Ȼһ˵սҫѵûֵҫĻˣ
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ûڣһմСϵĲҶ͵ɫκ޼ɵͣκ޼ɵɫʱþޱȣ


265 
κ޼ɵ£߬ýȭͷ֣ƲŲҶСΪͷĳ鶯һûһµĲš
һУκ޼Ѿŭ˼㡣
жϴñĸоܶˣⱻһĲһСŮӳЦκ޼ɵĿرɭޱȡ
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龳۷Ѿܹӵл龳صսҪΪͻƵ龳ǻ˵ã
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κ޼ԽսԽ꣬ҶȴԽսԽУǽͨǿ֮սžַܴ꣬ǳѹ
УþսٲȥҾǲܣҲҪ޹⣡κ޼ɰż
ͻأκ޼ɳ׼ᣬ͵ذθߣɵҶĿգɫĴӿһֻӰκ޼ɱ֣˲Ϣ䣬κ޼ɺΪһ壬Ҷ档
׻Ӱɱ
Сģ
κ޼ʹɱУܲɵþһ
Ұܣ
һŭȣκ޼ĺӰҶóһȦʮֻӰͬһʱҶ棡
κ޼ɣˣ
һĻؿڵĺ̩͵һκ޼һеҪǣҶķѹܺһ龳صȣ
һ֮ˣҶҪ


266 ۻջ
ݣ
ɲǼ䣬ʮɫӰ˷Ҷ棬˷ֲĸĸġ
ǣΪ⼸ʮɫӰֻһģǾʹشˡһУÿһɫӰҶĹ
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ʵӦǸɳľǰĺŵսʱãһս˻龳صߣֱӱ̭ˡ

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һԼԼܺɳľеӰͬһһͷײ

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һĻðĿɿڴԾѡ
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ģ⣬һʱ䣬Ҷջ࣬̾߼ľۻᣬлỹҪμӡ
ˣǲ֪ɣ㵤鵤ǰ¯ˡ죬㵤ͻٰһС͵ᣬ鵤϶ñϧûɳľ̾һ
һҶĶʱҩǰ¯ˣ죬ʱ䲻ˡ


267 콵
ڽɹ߰˰֮Ҷܡ̩һ̤˻۹񶼡
񶼣˻꺣֮⣬һȨʧͨһ޶
ɣҹ֮ߴϣҲҪý̲顣
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ԴˣԹԣҲֻεĽܣ˭ҶҪأǵһ
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ۻҲǳμӷ㵤֯ⳡСᣬǵ˵鵤⣬һЩĶϡ
ڣҶֻű˵ķȥҳʦܻܲһλ
ţǳʦĸۡʦķȥͨ
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һǱɵӳַǰʦֱӸ˹ܼңӭҶ桢˽ǳ飬ϸѯű˵״Ҷ治òʦǲʲôɸ˵Ĺϵ
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˵ģΪ˵黹Ǳ¸ˡóʦͳȥĶҪһ֪εã
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ϷˣȥҲҪˣǣϷ漱ĵһҰæҪ¡
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ˣҶһ˿ϣˡȫûãǰҶ滹ûִء
Ȼ˾ҪǣǳʦȴҲҪ˳ԷҶ濴óʦǣû취ѡ
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ǿ϶ҽҡ

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̫ˣ̫ˣֱģ
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⡭
ʦ֣ϲʦ֣ôһӣ˲үүˣ
֮ʣһ̩ϲôţʦ֣ղſ˵ʦܰŪʦֵţ
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ۣ
ܵĻҶˣͬʱʧЦһ˲ǳӡ
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268 
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Ҫǣ㾹Ȼܵ˻ڵĴӪ񶼣㲻֪һ»ס
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Ҷǣصŵľ¥ͷ֮󣬺̩ܸóһöָݸҶ档
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ҶҪƴǵʱһɣ㲻ҪΪҰ׸ģҪģ˺üң
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Ϊԭ򣬷㵤ٰСʱ䶨֮ǰصڷ㵤ĸ֮ۡڡ
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ΪԵʣ㵤ĸۡͿӭֳַͣ㵤Ȼǹר
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ţ
оһĿĿ⣬ո̤ĲĿһҶıӰȥ


269 ܾ
ƾĿ⣬ҶһâڱĸоҶ΢΢źһַǳƽȵĲ̤˾ź΢΢ʾ֮ܡ̩ͬʱ
֮ʣҶͿһӵĿⶢ
״ҶĿ̹Ȼӭȥ΢Ц⡣
΢΢һ㣬漴΢Ц⣬Ŀת˱𴦡
ƾΪҶûжΪҲ׵ĸӦҶ龳۷Ϊ
Ϊˣ˵龳ߣǻ龳صʺҲֱӡ
ܹμӷ㵤ⳡСߣ󶼵λԺգɻԲʶ΢Ц⡣
תͷȥƾ죬ȴǷһ˿ɻ󣬷ҶĿԣҶĿ⣬һԼԼļӸУƺ
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270 
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ҳʮƽ𣡡
Ҷ͸һŵ񣬼Ӽٴ𣬡ҳʮƽ𡣡
ҶĴֱʼӼۣû԰ڵļӼϡˣЩûӣˣȱ鵤
쳤ڵ洫һˣѹȱ鵤Ҳͷ˾ġ
ȻҲһЩȱģҶм۵ˡ뻯鵤мۣƿҲǽʮƽٸ߾ЩˣҲͷˡ
ʮƽһΣû˳ۣһݻ鵤ҪźĹˡ
ߣĵҩƫǵóѡʮڣһϸĽмʱ
ҳʮһƽ𡣡
񣿡
һܡ̩Ҷ˵üͷͬʱһˡ
ʮƽ𣡡
һ˼⣬Ҷһ缴ļӼۡ
ߣҳʮһ򣡡
ٴ𣬲ԥһ¡
ʮ򣡡
þհɡҪټӼ۵ҵʱʦ˿ˣҲЩģҪҶͻȻˣɾˡ
٣һ໨˶ʮƽе٣ֵˣ
˵ҲɣʮбžźԲͷܿźڵΡ
ʹĿ⣬һƵĺ̩ɵôˬȻҶޱ飬Ƕ໨˶ʮƽʹ
ܿģڶ黯鵤ֿʼ
Ҷԣһƿ鵤϶ǲģҶܹĵ鵤ҶԻ鵤ԣҶֿʼмˡ
κġ
쵰ˣҶҪ»鵤ʱ򣬾Ӽһ
ڶ黯鵤ƵҶ԰ʮƽĸ߼¡
໨ʮƽˬ
žźҧгݵı飬Ҷɫ˷ܵ߬ȭͷԴˣ˲û˵ʲô顣
԰ڵڶҲƺʶ˾źʮλڶ㶼˿Ϸ˼м۵˸ˡ
ҳʮ򣡡
黯鵤ûãҶͽгʮƽļ۸
ҳʮһ򣡡
һߣĽмۡ
ߣ̫
Ҷƺŭˣһ˶üŭ֮ҶļӼۣʮ򣡡
ʮһ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮһ򣡡
ҶŭˣӵĸˣҶӼۿ죬ҵļӼ죬ǰһ㡣
ֻӼһ򣬾ܱƵҶ໨ʮƽĸоˬ
ǿʮƽ𰡣£һ龳ߵңҲƽҡ
ʮ򣡡
ʮһ򣡡
ߣҳʮ򣡡
ҳʮһ򣡡
һ򣡡
һһ򣡡
һһʮ򣡡
һһʮһ򣡡
һٶʮ򣡡
һٶʮһ򣡡
ҶĶ֮£黯鵤ļ۸һһٶʦϲЦտ˵ȴʦ˵ͷһ˿衣
һʮ򣡡
СȦףٲҪӼˣþա
һʮһ򡭡
ϧһҶ涷ƵļӼۣѾ˳ˣѵոʱļӼ۾ˡ
ֻһּӵЩԥˣգǼӼˡ
ʦѣͷһ£ҪǣԭӦýĶҶļӼûϳ֡
źʱҶЦеĿܻĳһֻк̩һЦ
ֻǿУ̩ĺЦǳ
һˢľͰˡ
ͬһ˲䣬ʦ˵һҲѿޱȣ


271 澭
һˣȻһëûļһˣˣеŭ֪
ţ˵ҶëӦǳˣ˺ںڵĺ룬ȻЩ
˾ҲסǣȻڴ֮ͥ±ˣˣڻ۹ҲǺպˣ쵽ģкöˡ
Щڿ˱ˣ֮󣬷׷׷ˡǺǡĵЦ˸ӵŭ
ǶʹǻǮʹ
һʮһƽ뿪ķ㵤Ĺ£ٿԼǰƿ鵤ʹǶʼ鴤ˡ
һʮһƽ𣬼֮һˡ
ճľͷǳĴҿǺķ˲ٹһӱ֮һʹ඼ʼ鴤ˡ
Ҫǣƿ鵤м۶ʮƽȴһʮһ
оʱ˿Ŀⶼ˵һ˼ɵϡ
쵰ҪҴᣡȭͷ͵߬бźҶ桢ܡ̩˵ЦݣҲ÷ˣ
ԹУ黯鵤ʼ
ҲҶ˴ɣܲμⳡˣ󶼶Ի鵤мһˣģǺӵܣ㣬Ҫﲻȱ鵤ҪԸ˵㵽鵤
ҳʮ򣡡
ҶĽмеļ߷˾ģƿ鵤ԣʮƽһڵ㣬ۣͲֵˡ
Ȼ״Թ˹ҶϵЦݣȴǷķŭ
ҳʮһ򣡡
һ£ϵģһμӼˡʦڣû뵽ٴ˴μӼۡ
ŶЩȵı飬Щ㣬ҶĶ񵱣ˣҲǺͷԵġ
ҶΪҪ˶Ļ鵤
棬һҶΪԼ
˵ҶһңôʵôӦúһ㡣
һң϶ûרŵĸ߼ʦҶҶļ϶ȱҩҪ߼ĵصʦƵĵҩ
ߣҶһ뺫̩һ龳һأһ龳أǳҪ鵤ҶӦΪĵġ
ԣпܣҶ϶ᾡ⼸黯鵤ģҶ治ϧʮ򡢰ʮƽĸ߼黯鵤֤
Դ˷ʮɿȷҶ治׵ķ鵤
ʱȴǺ޵ҶҪ
ֻҪҶԿֻҪһһӵ£ȥԣԥļӼˡ
ʮ򣡡
ڼӼ۵ңҶɵĺһ۸
Եͼĵü黯鵤Ҷǳϲ飬˿ңҶҲ棬Ҹӡ
ڶ໨ʮʮƽģҶĲں
Ҷ治ںȴǺں
ҳʮһ򣡡
ٴμӼۡ
μ֮ͰﾯԼþգٲܼӼˣ֣λӦ߰ʮƽٲܸˡ
񾯸ԼͬʱĿ΢΢ƳбҶ棬ٴμӼۣһˡ
Ҷ棬ȫûκμӼ۵˼ר־һˮ
黯鵤ʮһƽһΡ
黯鵤ʮһƽΣϲʮĹĵû鵤
ʦһˢˡ
˼һִӵ۵ļˡ
ʮһƽĵƿ鵤ֻԹѣǣǮС´
ˣ񶼣½񶼶紫һɵͽܣ
Ǻǡ

԰˸ߵͲѵЦȻǱһĻˡɵģûôɵɵֱű˿ӵġ
ɫҰ׵ҶЦǮĸоõģ
񼸺ҧгݰĵʮһƽȴǱþɥޱȣĿʦ
μᣬҲרҶ鷳ȵġ
ҲǿϽֵһöҩרöҩġԭżĵģмƣƸֱСһ룬ҪĵöҩϣʱʮֵãѽĿ⿴ʦ档
ߣûõĶʱ˵
˵һȴҲûܾϾԼͽǲ
Ҷģ黯鵤ֱû˸Ҷˡ
ǿˣҶѹں໨ٻʮƽҪǲˬƴųѪҲҪһѵˡ
Ҷӵġ
ԣ黯鵤Ҷһʮƽһʮƽļ۸ĵֵģҶһмۣûԸӼˡ
ŵÿƿ
תۼ䣬Ҷͽոյֵ黯鵤ֱ͸뺫̩
ôɣ
ⲻС
˼ǰҵʱҿһûԵˣҵһСǻԸգ
⡭
ϳˣ
Ҷ˻⣬̩Цˡ
ȴҧ촽ҶĿɻ
⻹һǰǸΪֻԪصͷɬԵҶ
Ըƺû䡣
㱼䣬ԺиҶʱ׷һĻ
ҿǰɽ֮
ԣ
֪䣬ܵıˡ
ƷǷ㵤أΪ˲λ㵤صƷ½ļƷ龧ÿμӼ۲ǧƷ龧
ʦĻʱ԰ڷˡ
Ʒ˭ۺ졣
һʼ۸ǻһϴܡ
м䣬ҶҲһμۣ˲ͱЩ꺣ĴܵĽм۸ûˣҲ˽м۵УƷǺټġ
գƷ½ԶʮƷ龧۳ɽˣԶһλʿˡ
ҶԸĲƻʵ½Ҳпܵġ
л飬Ҷ滹ɡ
ƷƵҶұ֤ҪĵƷ½ǵȵ֮ڳʮλ꺣ǿߣ̸ĵġ
ڼò˵ⳡϵıܶ࣬ҶڽԪ۹ԪǲμӵǸĵβ֪˶١
ÿһҶ涼õģܣҶеƷ

ʮһƷһΪ澭ĵؽƷĹؼǻ龳ĹⱾؼǽһλóġ
澭
ĸ۵ɲǣȻ֮ɫҶһβֱˡ
λԣⱾ澭ֻϰ벿ķ°벿ͺĹȴȱʧˡ
澭͵ɷǳ֮ǴɣͿ԰аֺ֣ôҪĵԼˡ
͸¶һǣⱾ澭ԴɱС
棬ʼⱾؽƷĹļƷ龧ÿμӼ۲ǧƷ龧
԰ڣ˲һƬžҶüͷҲ


272 ˭ɵ
澭⼸۵ʱҶͲ뵽Լս塣
Ȼ˵սⱾؼڲû˵ûϰ벿֮ʱҶܾãսȱ˵ʲô
ԭܼ򵥣սٶ̫ˡ
Ҷˮһĵ˽飬ҶսĽȣɶûС
Ҷڵ̫ˡ
սǴѪ⡢Ѩλеģ뵤޹ءǣѪ⡢ѨλĴϣ뵤ȣǳ
ҲΪԭ򣬴ڣҶôѪ⡢Ѩλڵ΢ǿ׵ĳΣս壬ٶøţһ㡣
ٶȥҪһʱս壬˵ĳս塢սˡ
ǣʦ澭ĽܣҶ˲뵽澭սпһġ
Ϊ£ʺϻ龳ķǵؽƷĹһ
ضһķ֧֡
ңʦ˵澭֮󣬿԰а֣һ㣬׵Էǳơ
ҶѪʹߴսǳε׾ܵѪʹ˵ѪħаӦþǰаֵá
澭ǡȱ°벿ĺ֮֮£Ҷа˳ɡӦǳųɵİտԿ϶ս澭°벿
жϣҶĿͺȷˡⱾ澭һҪõ֡
ǣҶȴóȻĳۣܽԼе˼¶򣬲ò澭пܸԼ
ԭܼ򵥣Ὺʼڣ澭Ψһһ䳡ƷҪԭֻϰ벿ǲȱġ
ȻƷ龧ĶҲЩϵ
Ʒ龧൱ƽĿǻ꺣ǿҲ־ӵġ
Ҷ̫üУ˵ͻ뵽Ҷ澭°벿ֻҪһλ꺣ǿ뷨Ҷ鷳ʹˡ
ȻҶŪ꺣ĴΣضµսҪҶһλ꺣ĴܣҶַ군
λ澭Ȼǲȱģɰаֵһͺֵˡ㲻ȥһҲǿԵģοԴɱС
ң澭Ҳһ֣Ƿǳһַǳֵо
ۼ澭䳡ʦŬŬĽܺ澭ļֵϣ˳ۡ
ļƷ龧û˳ۻҪˣĹϽˡ
˰ɡ
ҶãԸӼ۵ʱ
ǺǣԸĶо͸˭ȤоԼ϶ϣ飬Ͳ̫ˡϷͶףǧ顣һ꺣ǿֺǺǵĿˡ
ǧһΣû˼Ӽۣǻ꺣ǿ߶оġʦٴιĴ
ҳ飡
ҶڼӼˡ
۵Ҷ棬ȴǳңң˹֣ǰСΪͻƵ龳аصСӺϲǡСҪĹҲааԣСһ£ǰ¡
Ҷ̬ú㣬Ͼһλ꺣ǿ߾ۣСȦһ۵顣
Ǻǣа֣ȷʵĶ߹ؼеͨˡ
Ϸʱʲôɽƣ֣ϸɽʵϡʱ԰߻Ц
аҲһϷĻ龳ĹرǿɺаֵĹ֮һ
ʵϣ֮󣬶˾ж֮ԷĻЩͨĿǿЩˣİа֣ǺǣҲգ
лǰָ㣬һ£
Ǻǣ˾㣬ײǽͷİɣ澭Ϸǲġ
ллǰ
λ꺣ǿߵ֣Ȿ澭ҶС
澭һΣû˳ۣˡ
ҳ飬ǡҲоо澭ҶʮͻһΪ
ʦȴǴϲʮĺ˧ӳ顭
ҳ顣
ҶӼ۵УѾ̺һ˿ŭЩŭֻҪǸˣ
ֻҪҶԵıԼˣŭˣҶӼۣˡ
Ӹ綷۵飬̫ˣ˭ҲỳɵҶ澭°벿ϡ
򣡡
ǺҺ˧ٴ
ʮƷ龧
ʮһ򣡡
ʮ򣡡

ҳʮ򣡡
ӼۼӵʱҶѾЩˣʮƷ龧൱һǧŰٶƽˡ
ԭƷ龧ܹµ澭ӲǱǺҵļһܵʮƷ龧
ͬڵ뺫̩ĿѾЩˣ벻ͨҶ˿ֲң
̩ãҶңҲ̫֣ܶҶĵϸǷǳģ;þˡ
ͬ𾪵Ļʮڵ񣬱Ҷҳ׵ľˡ
թģû˸ϱ룬㵤ٰթģ
Щ꺣ǿߣֺǺǵĿڶۡ
˭
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ʮڣһĹܼģҡȵĺҴӺ˧мֵ֮ɫ
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ʮһʱͳһ㣬Ϊ˧еɵƣָľ
ң㵱ڸźһﶷ𣿡
ǹǣ
ϤԼҹƢĺܼҿЦһ֪ԼҹҪˣֻʵʵĸӵһġ
ȻδѣźŵСҲ龳۷壬ҪĿľǾ鵤ˡ
ݺݵĿһѣһ鵤ܼһֶ֣Ϊأ
Ӹ
һһ͵ĶԻٴδȫͲû˵Ҷ浱ɵˡ
ڵҶ棬ȴǸոó˴ѵĽƱСɽһƷ龧֧ɹĽ澭õ
õ澭ϲãȴ˧ĻûˣŭҲЩѹֲס
ԭƷ龧õ֣ӲǱ˧ʮƷ龧ҶǲƸٶ࣬ʮƷ龧һǧƽ𣬶ҶԣҲһǳӴĿ
Ǻǣ˭ɵƻһأҶصһ
ʮĺɫʱˣ٣˭ɵƣ
˭ɵ˭֪
Ҷһ˧ɫúѿɫҲٴǺ죬ɵ֪ĸо
ҶôһƽʱŹ˵ĺ˧ʱҪȴǺܼҸסˡ
ӣǷ㵤ĸۡүˣҲµġ
ĩˣֵܼһ䣬ӣѾһѣջ˭鵤˭ӡӵɫźÿһ㡣
ߣӿô࣬һ鵤ʲô˧Եá
ĿԴ
ҶУš
ڶеƾ죬üͷ˴Ρ


273 ߣ˺֮
ڼöҲԽԽࡣ
ǱƷ½֮⣬ֳƷȫ𶼱Ƚţˮ̡ӡࡣ
ƷǷ㵤ṩģǲμⳡĿṩģӦڴԼò˵ı
ȻǳţƷҲĳ˽ʮƷ龧ļ۸
ǺüؽƷĹһؽƷĵؼЩûҶʲô¡
ž澭ѾȥҶһƷ龧ҶҪĿľ鵤һжΪ׼š
棬ǽĵڶʮ߼Ʒɷ㵤ƵĵؽƷĵҩ鸭úǿ󣬾ǿ׳̻龳ǿอʱõʱ䣬û龳ڵߺɵʱȵ̡
鸭ƿÿƿʮÿƿļÿƿһƽÿμӼ۲ʮƽ𡣡
鸭Ȼй鸭֣
ʦĻأ뺫̩۾ͬʱԲˣ뺫̩԰ڵĻ龳ߵ˲䱻ˣЩ廹ûдɵĻ龳ߡ
Ҷ淢֣бڼ鸭̨֮˲ֱˣĿһƬȡ
ҲǣصΪɻһ֮ңǼ鸭ʱӦþΪ˹鸭
һٶʮƽ𣡡
ҳһʮ򣡡
һʮƽ𣡡

ҳʮƽ𣡡
գһƿ鸭ɽׯĪˮʮƽߣڶƿһ֪Ļ龳߰ƽĸ߼ߡ
ƿ鸭Ҳһƿ鸭ʼʱʮڵһֿĿ⿴ʦ
мţǱҶ׿˽ƽ֮ûǸˣҲûǸм۵ˡ
ƿӼ۰ɣ
̾һȻıջ𣬵չͽܣڵ棬ÿȥš
İ򣡡
ҳİʮ򣡡
İʮ򣡡
ҳƽ𣡡
Ӽۼӵúʹ죬Ͼһ꺣Ĵ֧ţЩҴ壬Ҳżֵġ
ҳƽ𣡡һĺԼļӼۣҲչʾһƿ鸭־ڱص֮־
ò˵ھƿ鸭ʱ򣬻ǺвԵġֱʵļӼ־ڱصõĺúܶˡ
ƽ۸Ҳˣ൱Ʒ龧ҲһСĿˣһλ꺣ǿߣҲǸʮҵƷ龧ѡ
ƽһΣû˼Ӽۣ
ʦ΢ЦƽڶΡ
ۿƿ鸭Ҫˣ˷ֶܵЩˡһƿ鸭ǵ֣ٿԽʡʱĿޣĺɡ
ҪɣǽŴȻǺŵصĺԻøߵΣõĳɼõĽ
˵ܹɱǰʮأ˼
ƽΣС
ҳ߰ƽ𣡡
Ҷǳʱ˵Ѿָ׼ȡƽ֣ؽס
飬һֻӬһܡ
ÿ졣
ŸҶ海ңҼӼۣû뵽Ҷ濪ʼˡ
ҳ߰ʮƽ𣡡
Ӽۼӵ쳣ѣΪ֣ʦ˵ɫѾúѿȻǲˣϾĲƻҲǴģΪԽߣԽ
˰򣡡
ҶӼۼӵ쳣ϣȴд˳Ϊר͵ģû뵽Ŀġ
ĿðҪûĿ꣬ҶûʰĻˡ
ҳ˰һʮ򣡡ҧҧʦѿɫٴμӼۡ
˰ʮ򣡡
ҶӼۼӵޱɣӼȴһ׵ĺˡ
ҳ
ˣ
˵ĺȳһ˿ϣȫϾˣûʦ֧֣Ĳ鸭ġ
ɫһףĵУĿʧûй鸭һ֮ںǲܵģ˵ںлøõˡ
գƿ鸭԰˰ʮƽĸ߼ҶС
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ߣ˺֮
ŸոõֵĹ鸭ҶͺһСպܴȫҲǡˡ
ԣɫһףֱһѪĳ嶯
һ˿ŨŨĻ⸡ͷ֪ڣҪҶ氡ںˣҶûţԼ⼸ǰ;˽ȥ
λǱѹ󱦣鵤
ģǳ鵤ģ鵤ôҶ֪ҾͲ˵ˣһµøλ֪ˡ
˵䣬ʦװ鵤ĵƿΪ鵤׼ҩ㵤׼ʱ䣬ķѪ
鵤ƹĳʮֵĺΪ˱֤⣬㵤ƴ˵ĹУҺעĵݣĵҩ
ңݷ㵤˼˵һο¯鵤ҲԺ󣬻Ǵչҩǰ¡
ңһ鵤ĳʿܻһЩΪ㵤ѾûпԸҺˡ
ˣλͶһö鵤ļֵѾ֪ˣҲˡһ鵤׼Ʒ龧ÿμӼۣǧƷ龧
ҳʮƷ龧鵤Һ˧Ҫˣ˭һʼҴӺ˧Ͱ˳и֮ĵ˼
Ҳǣ˧ΪǺΨһļ̳ˣΪһֱ޷ͻƵ龳Ļպ³
Ǻңɽׯɲ£ʮƷ龧ɽׯĪˮҲǺԡ
ʮ򣡡
ƾ̶٣ȴҲ־ڱصõġ
ˣֱɵˡ
ż˼μۣͷƣķݣǺҡɽׯƾ˾ͰԲˡ
ҶҲЩԾ鵤һſĵҩѹͲһġ
۵ƣ˵Ҷǰ˴ʲûģҲĲ鵤
ҵǣҶ׼ҪȻҪһˡ
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Ǳĺսر񣬷·˲Ϣעһǿļ˲侫ٱĺս
Ҷڸֵĵ츳ѪǴʯһ㣬鵤ǹ˹ȥ
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ǣ˿ȴޱȵҪãΪǴԼֱ֮Դ
ⱾԴƽʱ洢ĵ츳ѪУѪǱԴѪڵ֮оǱԴ֮
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Ǳ۵ľˣ¶һ˿ڵƣɫԿٸ·Ҳһʹ飬οǳĲˡ
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286 õĶ
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287 ̫
ˮЩôǵ̤ˮϵʱ򣬾ͻֳᷢıɫ֮⣬һ޼ʵˮ
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Ӧ֮ʣһգɾɲǣͻ

ԭƽˮ棬ʱ˾κˣˮ漲ٵݣϰ׵ˮγһ͵ˮӣʱС洬С洬ϵ˽ȥ
ͬʱһ޶ظˮ棬֧ɵĴָ߸ɲǣܱߵˮʱ췭ظǸ߸Ĵ֣ȴԽܱ߽׵ˮˣˮ̽ȥʳһ㡣
ˣǸ̫꣡
죬ǵؽƷ޸̫꣡
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⾪ˣҶˣԽԽ󴬡
ϣһˮȹŮĿɿڴĿһĻҵĹҲɴ۾ĶһĻĿⶼЩ
˭˭ȥĲݣ˸̫ꣿ
˭һҹŭ
ˣ̫꣬ˣ
죬ͷͷ
ûõġǵͷ̫ͻǣһΣˣ
ϣ龳ҹĿһӣ뿴ˮȹŮС㣬ˣģֻǴߣ
˵䣬ҹסҶСֱۼͬʱҶС
ſңҪҸ磬ǿſңҸ磬ҵϣҸ磡
˴ϸ߿յҶСҶСŻ龳Ϊλ龳ͬʱסҲ޿κΡ


288 
С㣬̫ǵؽƷޣ;޴ˮޣ˵ǣǻ꺣ǿҲ˱ᡭһҹһɫ˵
ҹҶС˸߿գϵߣ龳ߣ׷ѧ󴬱
һĻôһЩԪŴλƤڵˮ֣ûһ˴ͷȡ̹ĳһڡ
ϴͷⶼʲôʱ㻹¡
ûõģڸ̫ǰǶܲģ龳һɵϵĸ߿գֻǵѣ
ϴͷɵͿߵĿ⣬ǿһ㡣
ǰֻ̫꣬ܿˣ˼ҵڶ̫ˣͿôˡ

˾֮ʣλҶСĻ龳ߣȴΪСľһϾ߿д˷еѶȲһĴ
ʲôǷſңҪȥҸ磬Ҹ硭
ҵĹѵҪĿҸ𣬿ȥ
ҶСʱȴǼŭһҹ
С㣬˵ǣǼˣҲ޲ߣȱǻ꺣ǿߣ⸲̫ǰԣҪԸ
ߣĹ򣬿һѾ˸̫ġ
ףС㣬ǿ쿴
ͻأһҹ¶ϲ֮ɫָ˸̫Ǹ޴ˮӡ
Ƿڸ߿УǾ޴ˮܱи̫꼤ĸߴ׵ˮˣˮڵ龰һࡣ
ˮڣҶڴͷ˫ֱһֵӡǣһССɫӡڸ̫Ǿ޴Ϸһ״ɢһɾ˵Ϣ
ɫӡΧԭˮȻһϲ㣬·סһ㡣
̫߸߾ҪʳĴ֣Ҳڸ߿Уû̽
ҶҪ޸ɲǣҶĳ֣߶ӡѹγֵ龰
ʲôˣȻܹס̫꣬Ҳֲ̫˰ɣУһĻҹ
һĻҲ÷ҶС㳹װӶĿˮе龰ǽš
ǣȥˣȥ
С㣬£֣ǻЧ
쿴ˮˮϣٳʡ
̫귢һһӤļ޴ŭУÿһ£ӡϾͻһơ
ͬʱеĴһӡ
򣡡
һǳˮһӿӡӡ⻪š
ֲľͷѹˮһҲ̫ӡĴĵ亣档
죬뿪ҲŲ˶ã
Ҷ漲ߴ
أ֣磡
ò˵ıԷǳƣͷעҶ档
ǿߣа취
˵䣬ҶһСèС΢΢һţ˲ۼҶĽ£Ҷ滺ա
һٶȣҶ׼Ѱʱӡ
Ȼ⸲̫Ԫ绢ǵؽƷޣȴͬն⸲̫ͣԪ绢ӡҲ޷ش⸲̫ġ
ڣֻʱӡס⸲̫꣬ӡͣѲͣ޸ƣ֪ҶŲ˶ˡ
ˡ
Ҷ׼ӡȻߵɲǣҶһ㡣
ԶĵͿУʮλ龳ھŵӴܣǴϣϰȴۼڼװϣ·һ㶢ߵĶ
⡭
Ҷ֪Ǳӡһ֮ԿԶϵĸ߿գӳ졣ǴϵˣǼʮ龳ߣԱŭĸ̫꣬ȴǱɡ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ˾Щ˵ܷβܡ
ⲻҶðգӢۣ
Ҷ治ɵҶһġ
޼ƿʩΪ£ҶԻٶȳԱ
ˣǸûǸֻȾԼЩ˵ҶܲˣҶ沢ʥˡ
ǣҶ֪Լ£ǷЩ˱̫ŰɱҶ޷˵Լ
һսѪ⻪һһѪϢͶҶڣҶǳɱı
߶ԣͳ˧һ㣬˱֮⣬ǿĴСҲһܹ߶
սѪӳ֮£ҶΪȻκα仯ȴǷˣһ˲䣬ڲһԵӿ˼ӡ
ӡ˲⻪ţ
ոһ׼ĸ̫ζһһ£ˮȥ
ҵ죬ʲôʵؽƷ޸̫꾹Ȼѹˡһ¶Ϣֻл龳һذɡһҹ۾ֱˡ
ҶС㣬λݵҶ棬Щ
ϢǻаϢʱ
ҶԴصˮ쳹
ϵһ㣬ڼװϵˮ֡ϴͷʱӦ˹
ˣ죬쿪ȫٿϢʱ䣬˵ܹӳ죡
Уոմɵ߿յҲһ㣬ҶĿ⣬رò̫һһ˿ѵõ𾴣
һϽң𾴡
һɲǣһ˴ϣŸ߿еӵ龳ŭ䴬ߴҶܻ
ӿ֮£ˮ־λ󴬿ʼתͷ٣ٶڷٵţԽԽ龳Ҳ䵽˴ϣߴС
С㣬Ҳ䴬ɣ˵ܻŻȥ
λ龳䴬ֱˮϷɳٶȿ쵽˼㡣
磬û°ɣ磬˭䵽󴬣ҶСϹŸĿ⣬һֱڵͿд߶ӡҶϡ
ͿУҶƣۼ绷ɣ
죬ٿ㣬ܵԽԶԽã
ʮϢĹ󣬴󴬾ܵûӰˣҶ߶ȫӳֵӡϵȴԽԽ࣬ˮٴοʼӿΡ
꣡
ӡѿԽԽܼҶеĴȫڼӳӡˣڵܹһ˿˿ҶĵڣֻѾտҰˡ
ˣ
Ҷһ߳һ

ɲǼ䣬ӡرй·ĸ̫꣬·ĺˮʱǷһ㵴һȦȦˡ
ͬʱҶİθߣŸ߿ճȥ
·ӡҶУһ˿ңҲһ˿ʧ
Ȼӡѹش̫ꡣ
ӡ̫걳Ѫֱȥ˺һ㣬ܹɫĹ
ǣشĲλҲ׵ķΧڽ״Сĸ̫꣬ˣһϣȥ˰ƴһˡ
˵ش˶㲻ϡ
һɲǣ̫귢˷ŭļХˮϵС洬ĳ˷飬ʮֻɵĴָ߸Ҵܡ
ܱߵĺˮǷһӯԲʮĺˮǱûһƬ
Ӧðȫˣǳɹˡ
ϸ߿յҶһһ
ҲһɲǣҶɫ䣬һּΣյĸоظͷ
ƲУһϢĴҶıҪ
һҵĺ£ɣ
ͬʱŭҶ


289 Ľⶾ
һҵĺ£
ŭĺʱǽҲϢĴҶıҪ
͵ϮʱҶһݣûκξţ¶һ˿Ц
ɵƣ
Ʋ͵Ϯߵϣʱһ˿ŭ
ɣ
һɲǣݺݵĴҶ汳Ҫ׼ȷ˵ǴҶ汳Ҫϸǵס

ǵ̵ּһ㣬һ͵ϮҶĽ飬ɢĳƶ䳹׵ĵ¶һȵߡ
ҶҲѳһƣıԵ
⡭ôܣ
ƲУһŵľ
ҶһΪӿʱѵ޲ͬʱҶת
͵ϮߵȻʧһɫԶŶȥϢ֮󣬾ͳ׵ҶС
͵ϮߣҲǸ
ҶһɣǱСèҲս״̬
븲̫꽻սʼҶ׾ܲףҶĿǰҪıֶ֮һټϲΪ֪ڴĺڷƷףҶţǻ꺣ǿ͵ϮҲܽһ
ԣҶ濴͵ϮˣͺǸ
͵ϮҲǸɱһУʱԶǧȻԭ򿴵͵ϮȻҶĻҲûƿ
ʱҶ浤ڳ΢⣬ݽߣҶΨһķֶΣСèˡ
û뵽һﾹȻˡ
龳صļһ˵һĺ£ôһƬˮĺ꣬ҲһŪİɣ
˵͵Ϯ߾塭
̷һžת鵤ٻָ֮ʣҶοӶ׷ŵķ
һ·жҶ淢ָ̫ǷԲʮˮ췭ظ죬ҲǷйû׷ȥ
ڸ߿мСʱ֮ҶǰӦҲЩģһ֮Ҷ׷˼ٷĴ󴬡
󴬴βһŮվڴβͷø߸ߵģеĶ
ҶγڴϷʱŮ۾ͻرġ
֣磬ôû°ɣ
û
Ҷ滺ҡҡͷʲôΪǲǻ龳أ
ǰ֣磬ȷǻ龳۷Ϊô֪ģ
֣Ǳɫٴһ䡣
Ұһ䰲ķ䡣Ҷûлش⣬ǴѾǳˡ
֣磬ˣƵ鵤ЧŮǰ޳ϻһƿ˵ҩ
ãллûˣֻΪĹȡ
ҶܾڸоҶĿϼûͣŮһ˿ʧ
Ҷ̤յʱ򣬼ͷͻشһˮֺĹһƬ
ɵȰл֮֮û
ϴͷܿճֵˮ֣ˢˢĸҶͷŪҶЩ㡣
ʵЩллģҶҲ⣬ֻǻֻ֣ǳԼ֪Щ˵ĵлҶůůġ
ĵˣǶġ
Ҷ浤׻ָʱɫѾȫĺˡҶ沽գŷҶС㡢˾㶼ĵȺҶ档
һҹ˵ѾҶһʱˣΪҶһֱûҲûҴš
ҹ޻ܼƵʱ򣬰ˮڡҵϣĲɢζᵭܶ࣬߸޵ĸʻɰٱ
ԣϣˮǽֹдġ
ֻǰͣһΪĲСϣⲹСҼ˵ľӪҲʵ
Ҷ̤СԺڵʱˮеʳѾˮĶ
֣磬㳢ˮزβϺΪۡ
֣磬㳢ˮز㣬֮⣬ʳ㻹ܹ꣬ˮ򸽽ÿͱʳ֮
֣磬һóˮеĺɴƶɣҸʢһ룡
ϣҶСΪ飬ҾŮ˰ɣȻԴҶ飬Ǳż֡
кҶͬʱҲûˡ
ϾҶģ⣬ҵλ龳
ҶСʢһһڣҶϣʱһܵ顣
£ʳƷǰ㡢ϺȻ˵Ҳ㲻ɫһڣֱţëһɲƺſˣתٶȶƺӿ˼֡
ȷʵֻ̺ԪĶдЧ
ţȷʵһ룡
ǺǣҵҲƷϷҲöȼ롣һλ龳ЦǺǵ˵
תۼ䣬ڳ֮ÿ˶Ǽ¶ǣҶСҲǺһ룬ȵʱҶüͷͻһ塣
ΪҶ淢֣¶֮ͻһ˿춯ȻԶתؼ٣ɿת
ɿת䣬һɢʱɿ
Сģж
Ҷ澪һ
ͬͬʱҵλͬʱһһĨظգʮɢ
רſߵʮɢ֮޷κ
Ĵ˭ˣ˭нҩŭ
ֶûнҩ
һҹһľɥû꣬һһ˲ϣ޷֮⣬ûκ
ҹȻϣ˵
ͬʱҵ⼸λҶСҲȺ˲ϡ
ڶѾ׵Ҷ棬ͷһһҲ˳Ƶ˲ϡ
澭аֵãȻġ
Ȼ˵Ҷ澭Ŀǰûɣûдﵽаֵĳ̶ȡǶ壬ͱ˸ɸɾ
ƺԶطǳС
˵Ը߽࣬ԲɾĶǳС

һӵĴЦ΢ĽŲ⴫ڵЦӵĵ⡣
ʮɢȻǺöһƷ龧ôһ
壬ñɣϵĴҸ׵һôͨģ
ͨߣ𣿡
Ӽڹе͹ϱߣҶһ˼Ӿ͵ñӵ͹ըһ飬˵Ҳһ
ҶţͷһһǸˣ
壬ö
ð޶ɷ򣡡
ֶĺþ˰ɣȻĴδҾİŵɱѣһΣҿ㻹оǣ
˵䣬Ŀͻ䵽ҶϣλǾǺüΣҺµ֣ɣ
˵䣬ͼҶ棬һһС֣ɵƺܹڣ㻹䵽ϣ


290 ջ
壬֣£ôɣ֣磬֣磡Ҷ棬Ŵ
˵ľԴ㻹ţҾǲ֣ģҲôô㣡
֣ģ֮ǰǺܵô˵ˣ
ЦţߵҶͻһɱ֮ǰ㻹øӵϣһ̫̬ˣ
ߣ
ͻأҶЦʵ㻹Ǹɵƣ
ʲôӲȻŭ
һֲϢشҶһɫָشҶҸ·
ɫָоӽһʯͷһ㣬һȦȦۿɼĲƣһͬɲƵģС
ָ֮£СϵѪ⡢Сһ㵴֮һжѹ˷ĩ

Ĳҽ쳹ͬʱҶüëһſɨһۣĿϡ
ڵˣѾˡ
Ȼüü
ĲҽѪζ⵽ش𾪵ģҪˡ
ҶС񾲱һĻӣţһҶĿ⣬رÿޱȡ
֪ô£˵ж״ȴҪЩȻжǿе㶯ǿԵġ
ʱСԷ飬µһΪϰҵš
Ϊ龳۷ߣѾɣǿǿ˵£Ҳֻʱ⡣
УӡǸΡθӸǻڻѪȡ
£ҶһָָҲһָɱɡ龳ɵߡ
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Ҷ渡ָɲǣӦ⵽ش
ǳԲ
ΪΪʲô
⡭ⲻܣ
ʮɢĶǡ꺣ǿˣҲҪ֮ڱɷˣôɡܡ
Ǽȵʹ࣬˻׷Ҷ棬һĲʡ
ϣֻ벻ûб֪
ʹĵͷѾΪȵʹŤˡ
֪±Ӱɣ
Ҷɾһֱָӵ㴩ţʹࡣְ龰ʵ̫Ѫˡ
ȥͬʱסˣĿⶨĿҶ棬ɻҲ֪ҶΪʲôûжǣĲȴǲҶʡ
⻪һ׶Ҷ֣ҶĿ⣬ʱһĶſڡ
£ôʱϷӦ˰ɣ
ˣ
һ㣬õĿͬʱſڣǣſȴûκζûˡ
ϣ
سʣʮɵĽ¶ֱӽź÷飬һӰسĴź

ͬʱǸӰϣȴǸֳһ˿Ц
֣ȻϷĴڡϷղֵģѾˡϵдΡ
ΪܻûжŮֵԭɣҶ͡
ٴθֳһ˿Ȼ֣ûжõϷ֣
Ųң飬ϷȮл֣峤δӰӰڡ
˫Ʒֱ񾲵ıɫ³ûã񾲾Ȼܹɻˣֻûһ˿һ
編֮£λҲָжֻҶ濴ţЩ죡
֣磬־һΣое죬Щڨڨ˵
̸ϣˣˣˣίѾɡҽ㱨꣬ҪˣҶһĺ˪
ΪģΪԹۡ
ҽеʱҶ涸شӦһ˿޵ĲΪȾϢҶ淢١
ҶŭǣҪʱȻ޶ԣȻ꺣ΪǸӦҶûж̬ȴҶе䣬Ҷ涴ϤĿ֮
֣磬ôˣһûкúõĸлأҪ㣬һ·Ҷ֪˶ٴΡ
ҵĹҵô˻ȵģ
ض˵ҽ㱨꣬Ҫ뿪ˣ
˵ʲôʱҶĿ⿴Ͳٺ˼˵ˡ⼸켲ٳɳҲҶΪʲôͻȻˡ
£ĸЩ̫ص
֣뿪Ҳȵ˸һҴ뿪
ˣڰɣ

峤̾һ£ϷòԡȻ֣ĻᣬϷֻܴӦ֣Ҫˡ
Ǹ̶֣ıʲô
ԣͬʱһ㣬ǱõĶ
õĶǾˡ
ԣҶüͷûҪҪ񡣡
ǺĶұûУǸɫ࣬Ҳеģǧ飬֣ɻ⣿
ұǵı꣬ˣҪĿһأҵĳôҿ龧򡣡
˵Ҷͻһһָڵϵʬ壬Ŀ⿴峤˵峤¡ıǻö⡭
ɫһ䣬ˣϸ޾ΣҶ֡
֣ϷСˣ֣ϷһĻᣬܹƸ͡
˵ţҶһҶ濪ǰֵ⣬ΪأûЯţûת񵺣ܽӸ֣
˵һ꺣ǿߣֵܹ̬Ҷһ龳һصߵǸҶӦüӴӦǡ
ҶȴûϴӦϸķһ׸Σա
ӽ峤ıֿҲһıļһ˵᲻Ҷ⡣
ȥҵĴӪһΣԵġԣң꺣ǿߣ峤һˡ
ΣգǾ
ջҶ̫ˣҲ̫Ҫˡ
ֻ˳Ҷٴν׵Ŀԡ
ط򵽳Ŀ̫Сˡǧ߻ۡǺĳڴССĵ̣Ҷ涼ȥˣУǳûУǳĺ
ңȥ񵺵Ļ˵иջţΪ
ſڲҪһԭ򣬾ڶģҶܹشɵ
Ϊ顪ɵ
ɱԼֵܣ̫ˣѾ޿̵ĳ̶ȡ
ԣڿɱ
Ҷ˵һ仰ǡ峤ɱֵµı꣬öɣ
ҲҶ˵һ仰Ҳ˷εĳҶֵһĻ
Ȩ֮£Ҷ˲Ϣ˾
ðɣ
ҶӦȥ񵺣¶һľϲ֮ɫ˭Ҳûע⵽ҵĶС񾲵УҲ¶гһ˿ڴ


291 
֣ǧ֣Сıꡣ
ò˵峤ǷǳõģһصƵͽŵı꽻Ҷ档
ǧɢŨĳɫҶǰʱҶССļһѡ
;ǳ࣬ƴڲøߵȼʱг񣬾;
ԭ֮£ǳֺ֣ܵͣԻϱһЩԲˡ
·ϣ峤ҶĹһĳԼʮңʮеһ룬Ҫֱӽڡ
ȻԵǼ۸ϵҲû̫ѹȡ
Ҷ汾Ĵ㣬򲻵ĻǾͨ¥ȥ򡣾ݺ˪ԣ¥鲼½ϡȱĶһϡȱ
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С˵֣Ҳ֣һ֮ѹ̫Ϣϰٺˣл⣬֣Цɡ
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һȥֵܶ࣬ʵֻǧ֮һ
ϣһԶһһƷ龧һȴܶһʮƷ龧ҳǳ֣ɽʱ򣬼۸ܻߡ
˵ͳһֵһ㣬ǣһԱߵһ龧Ө͸ˮҺ㻺ĲȴҶ಻һ¡
裿Ҷָʵ
Ǻǣ֣һл⣬Ϸʵò֣ͷٽԱл⣬֣Цɡ˵
Ҷһ£һ磬ҶЩ⡣Ҷ汾Ūôû뵽峤ôһ֣ҶС˵ζˡ
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߶ԣ͸ߵƷ龧һƷ
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龧ֶԽЧԽã䴿ȣǳʼαһӵġ
ԭҶҪ澭񾳺۷壬гҲҪµĿޡ
ֲ߲һ쵽Ŀޡ
裬Ҷƣ澭ͻƵ۷Ϊһ롣
ҶҲû뵽һڱĵƾ٣Ȼôջ
֣ˣ
̾һ䣬峤鶸رЩأҶŲҰ飬Цˡ
˵һи츳ߵӣǰʱˡ˫ĿЩ졣
Թֳ֣֮ȥҲǡ
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ȷʵ
Ϸڴ˶л֣Ϸ˼棬ǧıл⣬֣Цɡ
⡭
ʱҶ浹Щԥˡ
ԭҶһʵģȻ̬ŵ֮ͣһʱʵе˷ҶЩ˼ˡ
֣ĪҪ١ĲޣЩڵĶһ鶼٣Ϸܹ֧ģҲôˡ
˵һ£ֵ֮⣬Ϸһ֮룡
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295 ֻŽ
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ʲô
۾˲صֱ·ʲô˼顣
㡭
ۣ
һѪ͵شпУһ˿ɫ
ѪҶ滺ҡҡͷĿ⿴
𣿡
ҧ촽ҡҡͷ񾲣һɲѾ棡


299 С
߿УСèһֲٶҶţУۼߣҶԸء
Ҷӣһʱ֮ǰĻ棬ʱʱĸҶԺС
һ̣ҶԶˣĵģҶĲ̣Ĳпᡣ
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Ҷò
ҵ־
ʵҶѾ˺üˡҶٺһ㣬ֱӶҵͨ˺͵ͽֱ֣ܹƷ衣
ҶҲͲҶˡ
ԭҶõıõõѡҸطúõǱް꼸µģЩԴ׵Ϊ;
Ҷ沢ûᣬҶ׼ڡ
ֱܷѾˣҰԣλϻѡҪʼˣǣҶȴһֱûյܵķѶ
Ҷɻ
ҶãŪʲô˼
ΣҶ涼бҪȥһˣ˲ܰģΪĹѡ
ˮڴԼ·Ҫ·߿ҶԼУǵð½ʮ졣
ͲһˣСèõķٶȴԼһʱǧһʮʱǧ
ⲢСèļٶȣǲĵĻСè˲ʱٶȴԼԴﵽǧٶûв£ֻܳһʱ
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һԭʮ·̣ҶͿԸϵһ͵ãɴ˿ɼһߡ
磬Ҷ浽ڵɽ֮ǰ
һ죬һΣҶɰصԼİ죬ҲҴǹء
Ҫݷʦ㣿
յҶɽһֵҶ棬Ǹʦʱ䲻͡
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ҶüΪʲô
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ҶͷʱһɽִһѶҶţɽӿҶĿǳĹŹ֣ģƺǿ
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֮Ҷûеܣȴ˺̩
֣֣ˣôڲ̩һŭңۻĵţƺǡˡ
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ȱҵĸ첲Ͻ취ܰɣٲܣⱲӾ͵ˡ̩
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ʱ˵𣿶ϻʼѡǴ·ݿʼ𣿽¶ʮգûʼѡأôѡͷˡҶ漱ˡ
ԣ̩¶˺޺޵ɫ
ϻҵʼѡǴ·ݿʼǼҵĹܼң·ݿʼȺѡѡĿˡ
ôѡͷϣΪССˣ̩ҧгݵ˵
СˣҶĿʱ
Ǹʶ˵͵͵ĸס񶼵ϻҵĹܼȥһţܵĻ񣡡
쵰ô
ҶȭͷѾ߬
ĸ첲Ҳǻ쵰ģ
ʣǼһϣҸһˡ
أҶʵ
һ̩鶼ЩȻˣѾˡ
ܣ˭ܣ˭ô󣬸ҵڿˣҶķŭˣһ洫ӣȻԼڱܡ
ԣ̩ԴʹȥͲûдˣϣظֳ˺ںߺ֮ɫ
Ǳڵĵӿܵġרɳ˼λ洫̩Խ˵ԽСȻΪ˶е
ʲô
ҶȻ
ڵ߾Ȼܹ顣
ġ
ߣȥܡҶ߶˵
̩æ֣Уܱ˼λ洫ʦֿˣԲȥȥҪǸ˳ͻ군ˡ
ڣߣû˸ڵء
ˣʦ˽ˣҪ˵ĻҴȥ̩˵
Ҷüͷˣܲȥ̽ܣû̽
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ô㣬Ͳܳܵĸҡ
Ҷôһ˵̩ʱɫ
̩ʦýʮ꣬ܵԸǼġ̸ᣬ浽˹ؼʱ̣ܵǷǳĸҵġ
˵Ļǵʦ˷ǳĵ͵ֱ̩ȽϺԴʱһ棬ܾġ
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ߣȥܾסС塣
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˵䣬ҶԼ¼һѶ˺̩ţѶʦˡ
ȻҶѪͷҶ滹ûɵȥսȥԿڣԵǰе㰲ţҶ滹һ뷨ڷѶˡ
һ·УҶȴԽԽ
һ·˼ҶѾͨ͸ˡ
ûиϻҵĹܼͨ籨ҲۣϻҵĹܼȷΪѡ֮ô¾ͽˡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊܲϣ
ܵʦҲͬ£̬Ȼе
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ֵ֮£ڵŻ˵ڵĳЩϵɿ£ɷжľٶϻҿܣܡ
Ҷղŷ˵ķУôһ⡪ܵ⣬ģڵųɿ´ġ
ǰߣҲҶֻһ·ߡ
ǺߣɲԾ̫ǿˡ
֣ڵƽôһ߼ߣҶһʵ飬̶ܴŵ̬йأҶ漱е֪ŵ
ܺãôҾͲ֪ˣʦ˵ЩѶϡ˵󣬺̩ѹ÷ǳˡ
һ·ϣҶϸ˺̩Щڲк̩Ҳ洫ӣܻشϡ
ˣ
ͻأ̩һָǰС壬㿴ǰǰλ洫ӿܣҶΪ׵֡
֣ҲҸҳһ壿
кβң̩ҲѪӿ
ͻأҶ뺫̩ʱһӰбҶ뺫̩ǰ
֣ƣôˣףôͷ̰һ


300 ᵽз
Сˣ֣̩۾ʱˡ
ҶĿرñ쳣ɱ⣬ε¶˳ĵģϻͨ籨ˣ
۾ĺ̩ٿ޲ɱҶ棬ĵ⡣
ôأΪͬʦãôŭԹأ
ʦܹϻĺţһǺʦø˵ģȻܱȼ޸ҪõĶ࣡
˵䣬ͻشսҶԣ˵֣ģҵòĶҲõ

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ЦͷǰһգͳҶµûûϻҵĹܼҾϵģһܵĻ񣡡
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ߣ͵㶯أһոͻƵ龳ļһצӣ᲻㣡
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Դ߶ԣӻ龳һͻƵ龳أһ깦򣬻꣬Ǻġ
߿УոյִıҲΪҶ汬Ϣһٶȿţûôġ
ʵⲢҶ츳жߣҪģǹԭ澭ģ
󲿷ֹǳϬŰڽ뾭תʱδѣתٶ̫¡
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󣬸תʱϲҶľҶ潫߱ƵޣŻһոС
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ȫһУֱҶʩӸ裬ȫһ
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ԶСļ洫ӣҲ¶г˾ݣⲻ
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飡
飡
飡
Ҷؿڣײȭͷ𣬺ݺݵ£ٺݺݵȥȭȭ⣬Ѫɡ
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ͷϡϵƤѪҲҶĺ£׷׷һ˲ĹͱһѪ«
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쵰ַţ
飡

һĻֱú̩ˣԽԽΧ۵ڵǾˡ
ģûôġ
д裬ڴ׮
ʲôˣס֣Źڵ洫ӣˣ
һΪڵǰֹҶ棬ڵӷ׷׷ӦˣŭȲֹӿǰƣ
񲻹ʲôڵˣݲҶһѵ
һ˲䣬ڶڵӾʹҶ޾ѹҶ治û֡
Ҫʮλ龳洫һӿϣǿҶ棬ҲЩԲ
Ҷһ֣ͻˡ
ҲҶҺͿˣˣҵŭģҵ߷
һ龳صǿߣһʦ֣Ȼ˼һȭŵŹ¹ˣҲˣ׵Ļ˳
򰡣򰡣
֣ģ־ͼ˵ģʹӣӾͲˣ컹ܻ߳ڣ
ڴģǵһݣ򰡣ּ
Ҷ쳣̧ͷһ֮ϵıˣ˳Ҷ˵ͷУ֮⡣
ֻҪճ˵ĴҶԺ
ŵҶ´󶨣Ѿ·˱˵֧֣˫ˡ
Ҷò֣ȴΪҶˣˣסˡ
ôˣ
δܵĻ͸ϻĻܼҵģָһ̵ģܽôܽ
飡
Ҷȭͷ߸𣬺ݺϣѪĽĲҽͬʱ
ߣȻ޳ܣ׿ڳϵģǰ㻹Ϊһ٣
̩ʱŭԭͬڵǣȴΪϢɵˡ
ĵģӦңҪڣѾҸǧٱˣӽᵽзϣ
ŭУҶȭͷٴκݺݵĴȥ
ŭĺڵһͷϴ֪ͨʦˡ
󵨿ͽҰϷȱ㣡һ˵һͷ𣬴ޱȿֲƣҶ漲˶


301 ж
Ҫ϶̳ĵͽܣҳΪܣȸƴˣ
ÿ죬Ǳ˳ø죬˽ǰһŭ߳ͳȥսһ顣
Χ۵ڶ洫ӴʱȴǼĬˣűҶ汥ȭӶû˵û˵ˡ
Ҷ˵ڵӵǣȴϡͿԱԼĳ£˲ʦֵڳ֡
ݺܣ£ûҶ֣ҲᱻŵӡЩʣӦҶ棬ܡ
ᣬҲͦһ֡
Ǵ壡
УͬжǴǴ
˳Ծģȴ֮ս
ԭĿУ˵ķԶڱ˵ģͬģ˵սҲԶڱ˵ġ
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ϲҪģθû꣡ΪԼͽܣǻȥˡһΪڱ޷ϣܿ²ˡ
ݺΪϻҵĻѡˣ̵ղűѾǴˡ
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ʦͽǸӣ˭մ˭
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ţһţԼĵӶֲסԺôµӣôǧ꣡
ţǲͽ֣ȿͽǾڶҡڵĸһݣ޲˺Ҷ

ͻأҶЦЦУǳЦŨŨıģ
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ôŮͽϻңǸãҾͰŮĻ͸ϻҵĻܼңٷǵĲء
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л˫ŭ뷢ţ
ʲôңȻܳȫͽܣҾܳȫŮߣҹĽڴģ
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һлɻˣɫ䡣
Ź壬ֱӾÿֲס˱ˣֱӴ˱Եһ
ʦлл㣬ۺʱԶĵӣԶҵʦ𣡡ͻأĵϿ쳹
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ڵĵǣʹʹǧӾȻһжͻأҲЦЦһ
·ۼǧڵӣ޲ɫ䣬Ҳ·ܵʲôһ㣬
£ΪֹɢȥԻᡭ
ŹͻؿڣΪ循ֵķ֣Ҫ̬չȥĻᱻҡǧӵ
ǣû˵꣬Źͱµˡ


302 ˣ
ޣ
һڵͻشȺ̤һŨ̵ͺݺݵˤѪģϣ
ҪĶʲôҾȻͬţʦ㶼ҪݺǰΪʦ֣ޣ
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ľ˿ˣһȺݺݺŮӦһԭЩԥڵӣʱһ
ޣ
ޣ㾹Ȼ޳ܣ
Ķ

˵һ˴ͷҶ桢ˡľǵ̾ʱڵеɿ·ڣͲһ㡣
˲Ϣ䣬ʱ˺£ͱŨ̵ˣһЩŮӣҲ۾һڡ
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죬žǣʱ㲻ڣùֻҪǿڣùľһĵˣ
Уִлס˶ͷѵˣȻǱסһǵϺϺģͷֱһ㡣
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״ӣ״ӣû֮һ
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ǰΣڽڵӵ۵һǳȰֻǺ߳ڵĿеĵλͻᱩ˵ڵӴӴ֮󣬽Žԡ
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Ⱥ˵Ŀֲ
һܹԵģڴ¡
λģֻܼһ棬·壬ߣ
Ҷϵģλһ̨ס
ŷŵľٶҶѾڵĵӳɹվҶɲʲôԵ飬Աֵĺзִ硣
壬Ҫãõˡ
Ҷע£ǧŵӵע£бˡľ˵ע£λ洫Ӷһۣ޿κε˺󼸲ÿ·
Ź峹׵ĿЦһ̥һˣȻ˸ת

ܣΪʲôҷѶ
̤СС¥Ҷһˮһƨ£׼͹һˮ˵ӱҶɣҶҲǺ
Ҷ͸оԾˣܶĿⲻԾĿ峺Ļм˸е񡭡
¿ĿЩ񣬲ҲЩѣµĿ⣬ܹѧġ
ܡܣҶͻط֣ûʲô˵ˡ
磬㲻Ӧġ
ˣҺܸˣⱲӣֵˣ
仰ҶЩԣֵˡ
磬߰ɣ
ߣΪʲô
ΪҪȳӣģȻˣ;Բȥϻʲôٻ
ͻأһתѾ§סҶ˽ҶĻֱӽҶˣҲ֪˵ʲôˡ
磬ܵģ㲻֪ϻҵжôֲɳһѡĹܼңŻ꺣ʵ
һھӭӡ
ͻأܽһҶЦһᣬ㲻ɣҵ£ˣллʱңУ£Һܸˡ
Ҷҡͷˡ
ȻǾܾڸߣҶƺ̫Ծ˰
ƺǡ
ѵܲǸηɰһˣҰҺޣ
˵˲ƵôҶֳĸо
ȿȡ
˵⴫ϸ۲죬ͻῴ˫У֮ɫ
ʦ𣡡
ˣ
֣ƣ㲻Ϊ㽫Ǳڸ츲ظ˰ɣĻҲͷԲܾܳӣ˵
ʦ𡭡
ˣܰҼһ𣿡ܻ˵ʲôȴҶֱӴϡ
Ȼżأҧгݵ֣


303 ŵ
֣ƣʲô˼㽫ڸ췭ظֱӻٵһ洫ӣ㵽ʲô
£㲻һȫȫβ̤ڣ
ɿеӣǱһ㣬˵㵽ʲô
б˸ľһ㵽ʲô𣿡
֪֪ϷҪ붯֣Сǧ˰ٴˣ

ŹžڣŹףĭֱ絽Ҷϡ
Ǹ˶ָͷָҶȥҶ涼ɣҪܰԴɸˡ
Ź簡磬Ҷ;ű簡磬СʱǷйԼŭ
ſһ轵Ź壬ҶӣĨһĭӣƵĿڡ
ţˣǾú̸̸
ԣ嶸һ㡣
ţҪû꣬ò񫣬Ǿͼźš
ٴһ㣬ոŭͽȥҲˣҶǿ͸˰
͸ȻҶ棬ʱûʰҶĴ㣬ԲڵĿڡ
̾һЩϧЩơ
ĵӣΪʲôأһʲô֣ң
ʵ׳֮⣬Ҷ滹Ƿǳ͵ģЩϲ
̸֮ʲô̸ģϷֻСӸҹжԶԶ
ûоȳ֮ǰǲߵģҡˣ
仰Ҷ˵üᶨᶨŹ鶼һ㡣
ȻˣΪʲô飬ֱϵڡ
ҶǸֳһ˿Ц⣬治˵̫ˡ
ţ֪ϻʲôôһӽ˳ȥ
Ҷ治ôʻãҶһôʣʱףٴָҶıͷŭ
ҹ嵱ʲôˣ
Ϊҹְŵӵˣôôͷ

ŭٴһ䣬һɫƺҶǰŹжһеαװ
Ǽţ
ϻңϷʲô
ΨһĿϻͷɲôöԿġһССĻ꺣ܼңϷʱȻҲָʹ˵Ҳգ
Сӣ˵ɣϷӦѡΪٻ֮һȷʵģ
ʲô
һ
ֻѡһ洫Ϸ򻹸ǸܼʮƷ龧ĺôѡ
㲻֪Ϊԭ򣬻龳Ůӣкü
ԣҶ涸Ц
ʲô˼һҸǧ𣿡
Ϊʲôܣˣ
ҶʣŹüͷʱСӣҪ˵Щġ
ң˭Ǳѡ񣡶ңһУ𣿡
ܱٻ𣿡Ҷʵ
Ǳ룬ûѡ񣡡̾һ
£ñеѡ𣿳ǱԸԸ⸲𡭡
ǣϻҵλ߻죬ѾİûˣΪλˡ
Ҫ֪Ϊһ̤Ԫ߿Դﵽ˰٣ңƾҩߣǧ˰Ƶġ
ǶĲҲ䲻𣡡
ĲҲ䲻𡭡
ЦһھһĳĬĳš
֮Źˡ
Сӣɣ⣿£ʮ֮˾Ű
˹Ź壬ѹһλ߳ƵһʵʧߣǿߣҲ˳ģ
ϵģҶȴǼᶨҡҡͷ
漴Ҷȡһ̵򣬷Źǰȡݽʰ˹ǰ
ǣ
ͨ似嶾ӡ
ǣָݽʰʵ
¥¥˪֣峤֣ɵҶ˵
˪ҶǱ˪ʱ򣬺˪Ҷġ
ú˪Ļ˵¥¥õǻǰҲܹġ
֣峤֣ɵҶģһ塣Ӻζܼ򵥡
Ҷ龳֣ӵܣս˿ֲ֣˵Ŀֲ
Ҷ治Ҫʲô̫ãֻҪһ壬һݼɵͿԡ
ϾҶһ˾ͽڸ췭ظˣҲܹת顣
ʲô˼в𣿡
Ǵһ棿
˵ʵСӣֶΣϷʣµģֶΣϷǰá
Ī˵¥¥˪֣峤Ǳټϻ£Ҳκθıġ
ԲΪһˣڵˣٴϷ
˵һָǿ¶һָӵɫ
˵ʵһͨ似ֵȷʵܸߣԱҲкܴջʱ򣬾ƾⱾͨ似ϷŸ㵱һδ֣ϷҲԸġ
ǣʱ򣬵ÿ˭
ڣ˵һͨ似ǸϷʮٱͨ似ϷҲԴ裬ȥԿϻңûпܵġ
Сӣջȥɣûõġҡҡͷ
ԹľܾҶȴǲϲ
ţ˵ûҲˡ
ˣ
ûͳЩҪȥԿϻϻСӻеġ
ԣ鶸رЩ㵡
˼ǣ

һֻ۱һֻۼɣҵжҪ档ϻҡԸҶ˵
Сӣˣ
Ҷû˵ֻǶĿŹ壬ȴŹĴ𰸡
֮أŹҡҡͷԲȻϷҲ£ϷǲܴӦ
Ϊʲô£Ҷ漱ˡ
С̫ˣϷһӦϷڸˡ
ԣҶЦǰ̫ˣȻλŹˡ
ţģҲģڣӣҲӦġ
ɣ
棿۾һĿⲻɵǼͨ似嶾ӡ֮ϣлˡ
ͨ似Ի꺣ǿߵֱġ
棡
һ׼뿪ڣϻٴ֮ǰԣ
û⣡
ڶʱ׼ɿڵĵӡ
û⣡


һʱڣܣţԲܶһ̵֮󣬹һҶЩ⡣
ʲô
ߣΪʲôϻҶ԰ٻҪ󶼱Ǵ֮Щ졭ߣ
ϻ˼뾹ȻôġҶ
ӦǲӦ
Ӧ
Ҷŭ֮Źһ˿ĪɫڣЩ֪ǰ꣬ôţȥԿϻң
ҶͷȴΪһһ˿ɻѵϻϰĹߵǡɲ֮


304 ̵
֣֣쿴ǹַѶˡ̩һҶڵʱŵ㡣
ҶɲǣͿѾʧʡ

ǰĿɴˣƺϻҵղȻһѶ̩ŭ֣֣ȥӣ㶯֣ȥɱ˭Ҳ˵ʲô
ѶѶ·̳ʮѶðò˼죬ǾҪϻˡҶ˵
ѶһָΪ߼ϵΧķѶ˵ֱ߷ΧܹʮܹǺ֮һϵǳĺ
ΪѶҪĲϣ
Ҷ뿪ڵʱŹ澭Ҷ潻ĵǺˮһҪõսѪĵطͻôѶϵҶ档
ݹ澭ˮӵеѶᳬö
֣֣ǲϵӻᷢѶϵϻңΪʲôֹ̩Ȼ
ϻѡٻʱ䣬ϻҾͻĵӭȢٻ
֣ϻһܼҶŻ꺣Ϊ˵ѡףϰ˵ӭ׶ף
⡭
̩˲Ϣſڽ࣬Ҷסˡ
ʵϣҶ滹һû
ǵȵϻҵӭ׶ʱ飬⣬ûκõĿܡ
ʱϻΪϻ¾ˣҲҪܵʬǴȥϧɱ䡣
ʷϲûС
ڽ⣬ϻһ˲ĿԣȻеռֱ
£ԤΪٻ֮ټϻҵ˵ʱ򣬾ֻӭȢٻʱˡ
Ҷ϶ԹĻ϶ģ϶뷨£Ҷ뺫̩ҹĶ
ⲻһʱ䣬
ȻѾ֪ϻڲպ󼴽Ҫʲô׼
׼ûУҶ滺ҡҡͷ
̩ΪȻ׼ʲôԸϻңʦã
֣˵Ӧʲô׼Ҷ淴һ䡣

̩ɦɦͷ
飬û취׼
ҪܲĴţҶ滹׼׼ȷ˵мȭĸ֣˵ֱӾߣֻߣϻѡȡٻš֮ԼԲûôࡣ
ǣŹȴһжˣҶֻܶȥϻҡ棡
Ȼ޷׼Ҷ沢ûȫû׼
ҪҶľɵȥɢϻңҶ˲֪ٴˡ
Ҷ׼ǡ鱨
鱨
ʹҶڳƵƵ֡
ҶҲû뵽¥̣ԴԼ֮ҶڳôԸϻҡ
ûκ鱨£ǶԸϻôһȻǸûʲô
Ҷͷ쾾ʱͻȻͷڴָﰲûκѶϢʾ̡
ȡ֮Ҷע룬ϾʾһϢ
͡󹺡ͬ̽աϢһ㡣
ĵһᣬҶͷһϢйغϻҵϢһһǧǵ㡣
ңƺͣһ̵ı⣬ûʲôϢ͸¶ȥ
ݺ˪˵ҶѹõϷͻ֮ĻᱻƭһȷֱܲͶߣƭ֮ˣ޷ܵĳͷ
˴ĹҶһʹ̾ͼʶǿãƿֲ
ֱ̣ӵһʮ˵ĹţֻҪܳǮ
̶̴죬ҶյʮѶϢ¥̵ǿһչֵ쾡¡
ҶռϢ֮࣬ҲǷǳ˵ġ
һϢһǧǵ㣬൱һǧƷ龧ʮǵ㣬ҶǵĴֻдӿ콣ŪһǧǵĲͷ
ҵǣ¥ڣʮеÿһλԤʮǵȨҪȻҶỹûŪϢҪ¥ܲͷˡ
ȴûǵҸͣ¥Դ˵ĳͷƭ֮˵һһͻᷣ޷ܣص£ֱ¥롣
Ǵ󣬵ջҲǳĴһѶϢУҶϻҵ˽ԽԽࡣ
˵ٶǰϻΪþ޷ͻƣ뿪˺Ѱͻ֮Ϣ滹һСעΪǵ;˵ȷ٣˵ںϻ
¥ڵĳԱԼѶϢҲǷǳġ˱ע֮󣬾֤ϢǼٵģ¥ڣҲԴʲôͷ
֮֮㣬߶ԣе;˵ϢѾ㹻ˡ
ϻϰĹǳ棬ĳһƿֻҪ뾳ĴŮ߽ϣпܽͻơŮԣȴǷǳġ
мѵмŮӱϻѡΪɱҲü뻨ҡ
ҳѡ׵ĹܼʵǳǿǰĿһǿߴòɿ
Ϊϻԭ򣬼ÿһͷϡǰҡ
Ϊʵ߾ԭü䵥඼һǣʵȴǳı̬ǰѡʱֻл龳۷Ļһ꺣ǿߣˡá

˸һһϢҶϻҵԽԽ˽⣬ȴԽԽá
˸ѶϢпԿϻҵʵǳĿֲǰĻ꺣ǿߣһܼңӵŸǿ࿹ʵ
ϻҵʵֲֲҶ沢־塣ϣεĵ˲ѶԸֻҪ˽ˣпҳӦİ취
գҶյһһʮϢʱֹϵ͡ˣҶ汾еһǧǵԤ֧ʮǵ㣬׵Ļˡ
ţ׼ȷ˵ҶǷծʮǵ㣬¥ڵĹأ֮ڻϣĲȡ£ÿٷ֮һϢ
ջ㹻ˡ
Ҷû뵽Ȼܹϵõôص˲֪ϢҲǣܹ¥ģ֮ӢţǿߣһȦһ㣬֪ôصϢҲϡ档
ļ죬ҶͿڸŵס·һʯһ㣬˼Щ鱨ʲôܹõģŹϻҵ˳ֵֺܻ״
𡭡
ͻأһֱԷҶ滳СèһƵĵХ²ƵľҲ
ҶŽϵ꣬Ҳİ޾Ŀ־塣
Ҷ鶸һ䣬İСèͬʱ̤⡣
Ҷףʮа˾ţϻҵˣ


305 ⻨
Ҷ̤ŵɲǣĿģƬյɽŸǶ
ʱΪ֮һƺһ˲ӰתҹХŰľݡҩǿϯҷɡ
ŭڸͷͬʱһ󷨵Ĺ⻪֯𣬻סڴССҩͷ
ƬһȣԪͻŰı磬ڸͷ󷨹âʱһЩ󷨹âĵطҡҡɢ
һȲڵ֮һͬģһɫɫССɳ֮ʣɢĴɫ⻪˲Ϣһ޴ĹڣŻס
ǣɫ⻪ҫ£Щ֦Ҷľݡҩ˴ڷɿĸԭš
һμԦ⻨Щˣż££
һһͷ϶ɫñͷԵ͹Ĺܼģ˴Ǿ޴ӰԾ˹
Ź£е֣ȴֹסĲУԾŭ
ȥһƬǼЩͨĻľͲ˵ˣڵֶΣ¹ͿԸԭ
ɽĸҩء
λ⻨·ĵʮҩȴǱ˴룬ĵҩһҩ
ĶڵѪߣкЩҩҩ
ܼңЦĳûʶϻ⻨ܼԦģ˵
ԣҶһô¡
⻨˵ϻĳһūԿƵġ
Ʒޣޣǿǿ߶ԿޣɻҵϵƵġ
裬ǸܣֻҪпԿָʹȻʧص
Ҹղ⻨ɢ޵ϣСèɪɪϻҵˣѹʾ
ڣѹû

ܼҴЦ漴һƣ
⻨̤Ȼһҡȵİһֽ̤
Ҷͫһ
мǰϢˣ龳۷ѣǰǰһȫɢŻ꺣Ϣ
ۼƾݻĶΪ֮Ŀ
˴ӵ֮µİ꣬ϻһ˫ˡ
Ҳң˫һվһְ˵΢бŹ壬Ȼһû˵˼ȴķǳס
һɲǣŹƤʱǵͨ졣
ǳİûȻ˰ȻҪǿ߸
ɫ˼䣬գ廹ҧ
ϻκ˶ܹײʸġ
£ӭӵĵֻǻӼٵĶǲ̫˵㣿
һλǿߵϣŹ廹Ǳһ˿
Ǻǣүү˵ڱʲôУΨֲҩһ棬µһǻȵĻūҲ硣
ǰЩ뿪ʱүүļİĲ軨ЩήңԽ쵽̲סԹŵı£ȷʵүүǼİĲ軨оˡ
һ͵Ӳĵһ£ɫ䡣
ڳҩϡɣǿܽܡ⻨˫ȻڵŸǻȵĻūᲢۣڶԣֱ衣
ҪǻκˣҪݡ
ǣŹȴҧһڸǿ
˵ģǰʮˣټһֻƷ⻨ͲܹԸġ
ˣھ̺򻨻ݲݵĹҲϡɵģ֪Ӵ˴ͻȻ٣Ϊ£
ϤŹˣܹѾŭҲùţҪţʱĹ嶼ǰһһͨݽ˼ˡ
û취Ʊǿϻɲǿ촵ġ
·Ҷ棬Ż˫ı֣ȴƵƵͷһһõ鱨֤ţһļƻ
ԭүүǼ軨ˡˢһ˫ȣӽ˳ѡеİٻнӻȥ
Ƚӻȥ˵ĸºӭȢӭȢٻô˲ִ١
ǣ⣡
˫һ仰ͽµ޻˵ɫĹĿɨһλСɽµҶ棬ͻЩĽҶ档
Ҷû̫ǣ꣬Ҳȥݺݵǰ⻨˫һͨ
ԭĴ㣬ǾԲðŵﻨҵΣոҶκΰģڣͻ˰Ҷһѵ뷨
ǣȻǰѡеİٻ˭Ҳû˵ڣȴһ״
˫ɫһ䣬ԭȻӣʱõһĶŹ塣
״˵Цɣ
ʵͨķţ˫Ѿ֪һͨϻ˫ԣǵ۵顣
ԭǵļƻһڣ߶ʮһֱӽٻܽߣǸν֣ƣᱻɲӬһӡ
û뵽徹ȻȽڵϡȻǰֵٿ˫Ҳһλǿߡ
ǰѡٻ֮ʱһȴ˵ˣڵܣʵڴ֮ǰѾ˻ԼδҲڶˡ
˵䣬Ŀ⿴Ҷ棬Ҷȵ֣ƣԼ֮£ѾԼ۰ɡ
лţ
ҶͶ˸мһƳ𿴹ֻ˵˼仰ȴ°ڵ̨ˣʡҶ飬˰ҶĴæ
˫ĿŹҶ棬ҶɲǣĿͱһϷʣСӣʲôҸ
ԱӶԣһٻʲôһܹĻ䣬ǣǱӿϣҲɱ㣬ʲô
ֻҪһ£ͻһֻһ㣬һָͷķǣ
ûҲһǲ
Ҷͻظֳһ˿Цû˫֮ӣӵϻҵ
ǣһУȫģıºθɣոţƾʲôƾϻҵ㻨˫ı£
˫ɫһ䣬ԱߵĻܼȴŭˡ
󵨣١
˵˫˵

죬˵˵˫Ǳ㵽Ѩһ㣬ŭ߳һܼҡ
һĻҶȴһҶ֪ĶˣϻҵĶӣǽԴԸġ
Ⲣ֣µ˶ڹάǣʱԴʣγԸˡ


306 
Ǹˣ˫ܼ߳ңҶ۾һУ廨˫˴Ĵָޣ
һ仰ַϻӲһɲһֻ룡˫һȴ
СڹάгģҶʹһ٣˼֮̾á
ʵǻ˫Լûз֣ģǱΪǻ˫Ϊϻ
ӹｲ˫һֱϣܹͨĳַʽ֤ԼǣϻĹ⻷̫ǿˣǿЩ
˫֪ҶӰ죬ǻܼҿҶĿ⣬ȴдɭ뾯棡
ȻˣҾֱ˵ˣ
ҵδޣǱСݺȻҵĹܼѡУ˰ٻ⵱еġ
ϻѡֻˣݣֻҪ
Ҷ˵ܼ꣬ҾʹҶĻҶһ䣬ԥĿڷ
˫ôЩףϻң˭ˣ˭ūţ
ǰ˶˵ϻµϻҹشôһеū
Ҷһֵ٩Ŀ˵⼸仰˵ǵ٩ȴûܼҵɫ˲һף鶼ЩӲˡ
Ǻǣū֣ģ£Ͳøˡϻңū£ûгֹ
˵һʱ򣬻˫ͻر䣬ܼ׹ѡ
ܼף̫ˣ˼ɻ䣬Ȼû˵ܼҸұ֤ٸҶ˵һ֣ū
Ǿͺãһ
УŹ塢ˡľ˶ЩĿҶ棬ǵ۹⣬ȻܹҶܹ˿ͬϻҵϻ磬ǳ׼˻˫Ըԭ
ܱҵδޣĹܼѡг˰ٻ⵱еǷֱ˭˭ѾûҪˡ
㻨˫ΪϻҵΪ˼廹ΪԼõġͬģΪҵδޣΪһ˵ϣҲõġ
Ȼˣ˵ķʽյĽִһ˭˭˳
ϣ
һĳ²Ľֱָ˫
˫˵Ļ͸֣ƾһսҶս쳹ڡ
ԣˡ
ܼҡ塢ˡҵĻڵĳǣˣû뵽ҶĽȻְ취
ڵĳǳϣҶǿǣԻʱ̫
ڻܼҸҵĻǣֱˣҲɣ
ϻҵ˫ʲôˣ
ͬ޵У
⻹
ͬѹϻʵ
Щ˵ķ㣬ҶˣΪ飬ûаҶƺõľ籾ݡ
Ҿһս𣿡
˫ᡢܵͣҶĶڣָоǾڸһ㣬Ҷͷر
ĻŻ˳ңҳǰֱ׳սǵһǸˣԣҳȫ㣡
˵ţ˫Ҷָͷ
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ԣʩչһʽָҶΪ̫ˣŻ龳ءܹͬﵽ龳أһʽָǿԿɫɽ
ͬıˣЩ̵ı۾ƺѾԤˡ
·Ҷ汣ʳָƣʹţƺûɫɽһۣǽͨȴҶ涴ϤһС
˵ֻͨǸԵͨôҲһͨ侪˵ãҲֻʹԼ֪
Ҷ֪˽ͨĿֲá
ɫɽٵĽӽԽԽҶ桮ɫɽҲԽ͸ṹɡֲǺı仯ҶҲܿ
ҪǣҶҵάˮƽ˿˵˫άˮƽǸƽ㡣
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ŹĲҺ쳹ΪҶһָ̫棬һʱУȻûע⵽ϻҵҪߡ
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ڵǣҶĿ⣬ǿһȽȽһ㣬ܹϻҵа廹Сʤһߣ˿赲
ңһﻹڵŮҪȻУͬʱһͷ

Զǵ⣬ҶһҿУҪȻ


309 
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ֱ˼ֳ֣̾˲ŻعеҶ棬ٿһƬǼڣһֹĸо
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ϻҼҴҵ󣬼еϵ;ʱŮǳҵҲܹһ֡
ǣ龳Ǹ󿲣Ů߱Ͳ࣬Ůߡ龳赣ͬʱ⼸Ů߾¶࣬˵ǻˡ
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˵ܺã͢ܣڱɶ¯֮ЩŮʮѸ˥ϣֱ
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飡
ͷصڵĳǡǸ¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
ǾȵĲܾȻܹնɱͻȻֵƷס
ڴֻĸ֡๼
ŭԹ֮ģûС
ʵǴһ㣬˴ǾԲеģҪġԸƤ޺ݺݵĳ飬Ҳǿµֵġ
ܾԼˣ֮ǰݺܣ鷳
ԣûӦ
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ԣҶɴţƾߵı£˵һҹǿҹҲûκġ
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硭
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磬֪ǲ½㣬ҺĽ½㣬һҲʡ˽ҹⱲӣѾ޻ˡ
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ŵǡܣ
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⣬Զ˵Ǳ޵ɽϣҶƺһٻӰң
ȡǰܵڹ黹ĺڷ籦ףҶĵã˴ߣѹһż㡣
ܣˣúñأסǡҵģ
һɲǣҶ̤ų뿪ڣڵĳ߷ϣһٻӰճյʾ⣬УôֻһӰӣ

ʮ֮ĻڣչسǧӥһѶͽƾ˹ȥ
죬ûҶǸϢɱͽ֮ǧӥһֱͷ
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˵ǧӥһϲ
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֣ƣ
ʦ壬ȥʲôʧǧӥ켱һ
ɱ޷Źǧӥ˹


311 Ӱ
СӣȻ˻»һ죬ĵ뿪ڡȻ黬Ȼ֪Ƕ֣
ڣڴƢͷԾţȥе˷飬֪
ԸͽˣǴһȥģȻҶ޵Ҫ˶ԸҶļƻ
ֻҪҶһ뿪ڣǾͳ֣ʲôӵܣɱ˴˵һ꺣ǿߣѾһˣ治˭
ǣһ磬пܴӱ˵ľ뿪֣ƾȻûߣ
˺öϵ෽͸֮£Ŵ֣һΪм£뿪ˡ
ñһһֱ׼ˣûΪˡ
ԭҶ뿪֮ʣҶġ
𼱡
лɣܲСӵĿֲֲûǴһλᣬɳϼĻҾɱҲûǸˡ
Уҵóȥ׷ϹèӣҲȥ
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УҶСèϣƲмٵķš
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Ҷܹܽ߳ƣЦȺۣ֮ΰҪӵҶڿܻŵ֮洫Ҫˡ
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ţ
ͻأҶоǰһһӰԶһ
Ҷ˲侯Сè·֮ҶѾ뿪۹뽣Ԫ۹ˡ
Ԫ۹ĽԪڿǺ޲Ҷ棬ԣҶһ𾯾֮ģͽ׵ķ˳ȥӦΧҪǱ˲СϳȻ˽ӣҶ鷳ˡ
һųȥҶɫ͵һ䡣
ӦУһǿڼٵĽӽҶ棬ӸӦϢǿȣжϳҶ֮ľ룬Բᳬʮ
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ҶԸСè˫һ񣬺ۼʱʱÿʱǧ쭵ǧļٶȣ
ӣûţ
Ӱݣ
ŭɲǣǧӥͻһ˸Ȼԭƾţ


312 
ǧӥƾʧʱҶһһּΣոоĶظҶͷ
ণ
ӥХس֣ҶתͷɲǣͿʧǧӥͻسﴦ
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ҶԾĵڣ˶ӥĺҶıģǳӥ๣ݺݵĻҶ󱳡
׷һԳܵĴ죬ɲǼѳǧ֮ʣ˲ɢ
״Ҷٴδһ׵һαֱӻ飬Ȼٻ꺣ǿߵĹʱǲ
ԼһӥֻǻҶĻףǧӥҲǳһΪһӥܹشҶġ
ߣĻײҲˣ
ӥһһֻһֻӥ˶Ҷ档
ͬʱҶ滳սѪϢĳѪ⣬ҶСèڡ
Сèһ񣬺ۼɲǣٶ˲Ҷƺ쭳һˡ
Сèٶһһӥ˸գСèԶԶ˦ɢ˿С
һתһٴθǵҶҶŵ񾭣ɣţҶڹŹתһȦ
ƺеҶ棬ǧӥ˫Ŀ¶ŵɫôҲ벻Ҷ澹Ȼܹٶһ˦
⼸ϢĹ򣬱ԶԶںߵˡл׷
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СӵѾֿ񱩵ٶһˣߣÿʱӽٶȣǻ꺣ǿҲֲ˶ãҵҪֶܼãٶż̶ǧӥҲЦ
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ţǣ
ɢſֲĳӡӳǧӥһɲǣǧӥ鶸رþޱȡ


һŵĳӡǧӥľ쳹ǧӥѾûʱȥҶһ龳ߣĻӰݵĶݳصġ
ʩչӰݳһɲǣʱҲʱ
Ѫӥ壡
һڱԴѪ˲Ϣ仯һ޴Ѫӥǧӥǰ
ѪӥûȫӡıĿֲͽƷѪӥ˺÷飬Ȼ󣬳ɫ⻪˲Ϣûǧӥ
ߣǧӥһμ֮ʣڣ
ڽҶȴǿҲһʧƺ֮С


313 ף
ȣȣȣ
߿УǧӥҵĿţÿһдѪ˿罦Ȼڸ߿պ£ѸٻһֿžӨѪ顣
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˲ǵѪǧӥлû׷һһֻ޴ӥӥһǧӥ޾ɻޱȵ̤˹;
һαܵ׷ɱ

ߣлϻ겻ɢһУҶĿѲһӰһ
͸ǱƲӣҶԿǸѲӰڵִлɡ
ѾҶشǧӥ֮ĵˡ
죬СèڼٶȺսѪ˫ؼӳֱÿʱٶȣҶɹİ׷ɱ
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ǧӥһֱûг֣лɣȴʱʱĴҶͷһӶȻ˻ġ
ʱǰлɿʼƬϿ
˺þãҶŽȻɵлɵĳ嶯ǿѹȥ
Ǽƻõֻлһ˵ĻҶаشɱлɵģ룬Ҷ滹Ƿðյļƻ
ƻҪ̫֧ţԳһ⣬ȴҶģٲľء
Ҷдˮҵõǿ裬ֻҪ裬ҶʵһĽ
ڣðա
лɣٶ°ɣҶһϢ׵֮С
һ֮елε뿪

СèƲзеҶ棬ͻؿһƵɽ壬Ƶɽ壬Ǻˮڱ߾պ壬ɽ壬ҲʹҶˮԶˡ
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ûҶüˣͻطһ΢ǰƲͻأĶһӰ
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Ǵ·뾰һ𾪣ҶĿ⣬ѾǿͨӵĿ⡣
£شǧӥЩеκһ޷

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314 ԩ·խ
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һΣʱݱһĻĻֵɲǣŵ׵ľʯ˲ϢۻʯҺ
Ҷ棬ǳɵս席𣬷ǳɴ⣡һԹս߳뾰һ


317 席
ˣ
ҶڸֵĽͨɵһԴţ·۳һ޴ıԴֱ֮񷡣
ڤڤУҶоⱾԴ֮ⱾԴ֮ⱾԴ֮ļӳ£һУҶ涴Ϥ
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319 ż̳ˣ
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Ůϣݺᣬӿһ׷ƽҶͬˮһʩչ
ݣ
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УҶЦԽԽˬʣЦУҶһһףԽԽӦ֡

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ȿɺˡ㲻֪ȣȫС
ƴСѩûУӺģɿɰˡ
ûУǺ˾һ㣬ҡҰڵģǳĿɰ
ʱҿ㳢ȵİǿ˼Ʒ

ŮϣҶҪ棬ָͷһһĸ˵ȵĺģ˵òǺ档
ȣأôûҶЩɻⷽҶһֱ̫˵ʵҶ治̫ϲ飬ţҪԭǣ˷飬硣
ҪǣһƤѹûߵ˼
ңڽߵġԼλںˮŰ۹Ľ紦ɽɽ˵
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ţγҪ죬ȾͲȥˣȻʱлᣬȥҶ滹СΪϡ
죬һĿɫǺðɣãȻҪߣҲܴŮˣҲ뿪ˣ
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ŴҶ治Ҷֻ֮ҪпܣҶͻȫȫİڷչ׳һΣҶ׼һݴ


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ǣںߵҶ棬ԽüͷԽҲԽӵء
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뽭ŭ֮ʣһһ齣飬·׹һ㣬Ҷȥ
Ҷɫرѿޱȡ
ϵ뽭˲Ϣ֮䣬׼ţ


324 籩
飡
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УһƿԪҺҶ̷ȥ˲Ϣ䣬ɺԵ·עȪһ㣬ٵ
֮ǰ¸ҶƿԪҺ˵ʱƵġԪҺǸöҶΪԪʱһΣͿҶΪָ۷״̬Զһ㣬ܹűҶ档
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334 ٴͻ
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ǣҵĸ߲㣬ڼš
磬ٶȣʱ޾͵ˣͨڣҲղ鰡һĻ
磬֣СҲ̫ˣ˵ð꣬ǰҪⲻǽ𣿡
磬˺ȥҲλ꺣ǿߣҪǡУ˸ΣյĹâ
ĶһҪˣҶأأ֣ƵֲֶûʶҶϸ𣿡
ͷ亹ˢľˡ
ԷϢʱ֮ǼĿȻ겻ɣһҪ

񾲳һ񣬾ɽϲĵطҶǰҶֺÿҪһˡ
Ҷ磬û뵽һϣȻֱɾһ㡣㿴ķ·һ㡣
ȻϲǾͶ죡
Ҷ磬ԺﰲҺÿ궼ס죬ҹգ·λһ㡣
ֻҪԸ⡭

ɽȴǳˣǸӡڹϤǸŮ˲ϢһС
£ҲǸӶֻǣûǸ
屬Ѫȳͻ֮ҶӰӣҲĿл֮ȥ
ҶԵ¸̫ӣĥ
ˮ̲ס¡
ţ
񾲿ɽۿ澰Ҷ£ͷ֮ʣҶĲȻ񾲣
֣
ЩȻǰˣ֣Ƶģȴ̫񣬲ȴ֣Ʒǳơ
ҲǱѩ֮ˣҶϵԼʱͨһС
֣ǡ
գ֣硯֣񾲻ǽвڣҶմôѪд磬Ĳ
ʵ˼ˡ
ԣҶصĵ˵ͷһԵĲ£Ȼ˵ʲôֻǾĿҶ棬ʲôû˵
񾲵ǿɬңŲ£˲һ˿һʱ֮ġ
ǹҫ£Ĳ¾һ㣬·䡭
㸸ףЩ࣬ҿˣ󣬲ڳٳȫңĳķݶ͹ˣҶ˵
лл
񾲲֪Ըô뿪ģϢ֮󣬸ظһء
ļ죬¿ڿ
ҶһΣѾ׽Ǵˡ
ˮҶҪǴ棬˳·ȡ°ĳ
˺ü죬رϲҹɫ澰ҶҲʹţһֱû棬ȫԱڿ󣬾󽵣ȻҲûҶĵ
⼸죬ǲ»Ҷ棬Ӷ÷ǳİݡ
ϣһӰ죬ڸԵĲš²⡣
Ҷ棬ȴڳڶӡ֮Ҷһֱܺ档ңҶ֪ڶһûľ飬ʲôã

ʱת˲ҹ㳡ϣǸװǧ뿪֣ƣ˵Ҷ棬һ
ҵĽǹȥˡ
δÿ񣬶Ҷԣʲô¡
Ŀ⣬ȴǸӣһ⣬ûЩʣĳû֣ƣڻʲôģ
ΣԲģ

ŵأλں콭ˮˮһλɽɽ밲̨ɽĽӴһռĴĹŵء
˳ŵܿʺɭ֣ɽǹˡ
׳ôҷչľá˿ĲԣŵأӦǺġ
ģʱ򣬶ǳĻ˼ÿʮһεĺŵؿ⡣
ΪСèΪ쭵˷ٶһأϵŵе磬ʱҶ£վںŵصıԵңңĴΧΡ
Ǳɽңңȥһĺһ㣬̨ɽһͷ
ʦ֣ʦ㣿һӰ֮ڵļλ洫š÷ԪԵ˾ͬʱΧ
Ƴϣӳϣ
Ϊ߳뾰ΪԭЩһ˲̫ʣתɶƳһӵġ
ÿʮһεĺǴţǳӡ
ͻأʦǽ̸Ҷ棬ظоһͨһĿ⣬·𵶽һҶϡ
ǽԪڵųʤҶ棬ɵСģ͸ǵĴ񣬲ûѽԪڸˡ뾰ѵ
İӳϣǰһδͻƻ龳ʱܸǵĳΣοΪѾͻƵ˻龳ء
Ƴ뾰ĬȻҶʵȷʵҪ̫ģڵĺ뽭
лɣ
һڵĴӳϣȴлһϣҶ棬лһؿ絽Ҷǰ
ʲôƳʱҶǰ
ҶģϴɵСˣлɶҶ棬һһٵ˵
𣿡
лɣҲ㣬һΣ·ҲСˣҵģһһֲٵĻ㣡л䣬Ҷӵɭ
ݣ
ƿ𣬹⻪һϼƳǰͶһӰ
˿εʱǧӥĶҶ棬ʼۡ
лϣҲҸϷһΣﵱڸɵҶǧӥУ˷
ң
ͬʱϼƳ߳뾰ͬʱŭ
ƾ𣿡

ҶȫҶǰһգҲЦӥ־
ˣ
ͬʱһƥشҶ𣬸ӦɰƥǧӥĿⶸرЩ壬Щò׼

Ҳڴʱһ죬쳹أУ·һĵ˶ĵط
һϼǰź¡¡ضζ
ˣ쿴ŵؿˡ
ԭŵؿʱ


336 
¡¡Уһ·Ʊһصһֵĺŵأʼǰ֡
ģһϼ⡣
һϼ⣬ҶΪǱ䣬ǣһϼڶ֮󣬾Ȼڸ߿ۡ
ÿһϼ⣬ۼڸ߿ɢģһһϼ۳һǧɵľ޴ϼţɢһѹֵϢ

ϼΣߵҶЩȻ
ͻأһϼͻطɵͷλãһͷצϼ֮سǰֻ˶ϼۣȻת
Ҷ濴ȥʱϼƺһ£Ҷһۡ
һۣҶ
Ҷϸȥʱ˶ȴûκתļ
þ
𣡡
ͬʱеϼ֮ǻһ㣬Ťһǵ
£¡¡ĵضɽҡֹͣոմӵص׸ֵĺŵضرðޱȡ
У˵鶼һ࣬ҶģȴСè
һСèʱɸһţ·־һ㡣ңֹˡ
Ҷо֮СèȻʰݷ״ͨӭӾһ㡣
֣Ҷʱһ
ģ̺
Ҫ̺ԲܽСèкüͷ׵ķʱСèûκηӦ
ҶȥڵƷǻڵķ춥ףһ֮ήˣ׵ķ춥Ҳһ
ϥͷ·ӭǵľһ㡣
£Ҷ
ҶΪŵصĺҲ괫һսѣӦиŵĻҵӰӡ
ǣҶˡ
һܹƷ޵;Բܸġ
˺ƭ޵Ѫȼѹƭ
ųڳеĻ꺣ߣϼӰղŲһҪɵҶǧӥлɰԶʤԼŵĳǣ۰Ͱ͵Ŀеϼƺڴʲô
𰸣һɲǽˡ
У޴Уһһ⣬Ľһͻʮ縡͹ƣڳߵĿԿ
ɫƵɫһצĺڰ˻
ƳֵͬʱеĻ꺣Уһ˿֮ɫ߳뾰Ҳ⡣

һɲǣʮеʮһ棬һһɹ£ȺеĻ꺣ܡ
һƶǧӥͷֻһ˲ƾͻ⣬ǧӥڣǧӥϣɢһĪϢ
ǧӥǸֳһ˿ϲ֮ɫ͵صڵأתڵ⼸λʱǰ
ҶǣڵлɣȻҲõһƵľˣû룬ʱϥ
ҶԸӦõǧӥлɣں֮Ϣ࣬ǧӥ
ߣԶһ㣡
˵߳뾰ڳϥʮһˣۡ
˽յĺƼ󣬻ڿܾͻһλλǿߡ뾰̾Ϣһ
ϧˣӣܻúƼİ˾ɣһҲпܡϼƳ˵
ԣ뾰ǿЦ
λϣƼô£Ҷڲס֮ɫʵ
Ҷ濪֮ʣУһͻƿնǵոսŵصķΧһһͳǵ⣬˲Ϣ˵塣
¥˪
˵ʱҶٴγһ
Ҷ淢֣һܻúƼˣȫǺڶĻ꺣ܡ
ɻĿ⣬ٴο˶ϼƳ
Ҷ棬Ϸ֪ΪΣǣܹɱǰʮҲܹһ׻ָΪĻᡣ
ô
ϼƳô˵߳뾰ϣͻظһ˿ϣ
ȾҪӺ˵𡭡
ŵأǺصһؾǧ괫ѹûκܹ͸ŵصܡ
Ժܶ࣬˵ŵһͷϹź֮Ҳ˵һͷڶΣҲ˵ǧǰۡ
ŵص֪ǺƵܣǧȴڶ̽˴롣
ÿŵؿ֮ʣǵϼͻ³һʮơ
ãǸʮֺŵظˣƼ֮ˣɵĳأҲĪ֪һЩصϢ
ǣ˷֣ʲôܹúƼйɵġ
ɾǺ
ɱǰʮڵŻ߼ڵĻ꺣ǿߣβͬһƼ
˵һ⣬𲢲
ڶʮߣڵŻ߼嶼һƵĽĵһ
ңƣֻǻ꺣߲ںϣ޷ںϵġ
˵ŵǧǰտʱ򣬺öŶ˷ᣬǵõһڵţֻһˣֻںһƣ˷ˡ
ϧʹġ
ʹĵԭƵһйء
ǧǰŵϰ꿪öͻȻ䷢֣ںϹƵߣΪһˣĿ
ɻԽԽ࣬źԽԽܾͱˡ
Ҫںӵʸ񣬳ںӵֱʸ⣬ƻںһô
˵ֱĳ͡
䱾Դ
ǱԴѪ걾Դֻ츳ѪѪֻҪп𣬶Ჹ㣬Ҳ֮󣬻һ̶ȵļǿ
Ϊһ·ͻƵ꺣֮걾ԴѪٷְٻĿѪ
Ѫߡ
£ܹѪǿĺƣһʱ䣬ͳл꺣ǿе
Щˣںŵʱһơ
һжͽ͵ġ
ΪǿҲߺƣһλǿߣ汾ŵĳƣյĽǡ⵽Ƶķɶϡ
ɴˣΪƵⲹԴãʱ˺ҵİ񵥡
ӲΪǱʦ𡢳ţƴ
һһǻڵŵӽĬ
ԣһκŵؿֵܹĺƣ
ϣڵĸ۹кʣһԪ۹ԪһŰһ
ģЩҷˣˮһûС
ȻǺˮʵ̫̫
ϼƳԣǰڷͷǳпɱǰʮηɰףڲμӺ֮ǰ˰㣬ûɱǰʮΪȡһơ
ôҶ棬ûаɱǰʮһƣϼƳʵ
Ҷش֮ʣĿһתͫͻһߣһֻ޴ĺ


337 
ϻҵĻ˫ȻҲεᣡ
⻨ĵ໯龳߶˸Ҷһ뷨ˣȴơ
Ϊʲôƣ
ʮۼĻ龳ߣȴǧˡ
ϻҵѪ˻˫ʵ˵ɱʮ֮ڣȡúĵһҲɶ⡣
޵ȴһʵǿļһһעҪռȥһۼĻ龳ߣȻͲˬˡ
ңʵԽǿԽп֮ıȡεߣԽơ
Щ˶ԣ˫ĵܾͽȥˡһЩ˶ԣ˫ĲμӣȴصӰǵ
ɽׯĪˮڵ洫ͷǳƣһѪĳ嶯
һǻ龳ʮڣһӣټϺŵÿ꿪һΣϳ߳ɵߣһֻܲһκĽ
Ϊһ֮⣬ߣͻƵ龳ڶʮԺˣõģʮμһΣʮ껹ܲμӵڶΡ
õģʮμһΣȵڶεʱ򣬾ûˡ
žͲˡ
۹ɽׯĪˮʮͻƵ龳ڶʮʱԾ޵սȡúİս
һκŵٴοŶʮꡣһ̨ͬǰʮߣΪͻƵ˻꺣䳬ˡ
һĵһĬΪһǰΪͻƵ˻꺣ʧȥ˽ʸ
ĺǰʮҲĬ࣬䳬ˡ
ϾǶʮͻƵ龳ţҪںõһõΣûл龳صΪҲġ
ԭĪˮƾƣЮһκİսΪһĿԷǳĴ󣬺ܴ
ǣ˫һĪˮоޱȵѹоɥ
һǳã
ڵ洫Ҳֻ࣬һǿɱ˺ǰʮһԭһ뷨Ӧܸǰ
Ż˫ĵǰˡ
УߵԽߣԽãȥŵĽҲԽࡣ
߿У˫һ̤⻨Щϸ۾΢΢ɨһͨ;ֱ˺ŵصڴ
ģۼںŵصȺĻ龳ǣ˫ڿ˺ôһƬյأվλ꺣ǿߣҲŲ˵ط
磬ϻҵĻ硣
һǽʱӦϳɣ
˼ţҶͻ촽ͻһ˿սĹâ
һڣҶ涯˼ȫս˻˫һѣŹУܡ
ڣҶ֪Ϊܸ˫ƴʲô̶ȣ
ণ
һӥӸ߿дһ׹⣬ըһȺǧӥ
չＸʮ׵ӥʱǧӥǰһ׵Ŀյء
ʦ壬ˣ
ӥ
ǲֻͣؽƷ޷ӥ
˲Ǳˣǲ죬ͷӥҶ滹ǵһμ
ҶԾǣͷӥϢǳǿ󣬶Ҳʮ㣬Сèࡣ

Ϊշӥʱ򣬷ӥͬСèһҲһֻ̡
֣Υˣ
ڴĻ˫ңңĹ˹֣ӵĻ˫΢΢˵ͷ԰쳣ĻӵܶԣѾˡ
ͻأֿȺҶڿҶʱ򣬲ĿҶϡ
Ǹý֣أҶ棿
ֶΣõ
ȻҶ˴Ĵָǳɷҧгݵȴܱߵ˼
вɻҶ浽ʲôˣôô˺޵ҧгݣ
ǣˣ󣬻ǱǷ𣿻㱻ǻڵӥɵ
ҶĻòЩƣǱǷˣǱǸɱԼصʦǧӥײġ
ӥ֣òĳüصɱ͵
ôţӥ׷ɱҪҵСŻҪɵңûʮ˴ѾͲˡҶԥĻػ
Ҷ棬һΣӲ˵ģ
ΣҶὫնɱҵ֮ܵ飡۾˲غˣҾôһܵܰ
ҵţ
ҶѾˣܵˣ˾Ͳˣѵܵܣֻܱɱܻ
˵ҲֻһΣ
죬ҪܹڱնɱҶ쵰Ϸͽ˼ʮĽʯ͸Ʒ
٣Ϸǡαߣ˵ʱܹ꣬ҹҹĥǧӥҹһ
ǧӥҶܱߵߣԾԶҶ棬ϻһ㡣
ң˵УҶĿ⣬ǿһ㡣
ϻڣмܻ
ӥݻ˭˵ϴ׷ɱ޹飬ô˵ˣ˸ԭ
ǧӥɫһ䣬ڵĵڣһ

ʮں˺ƵĻ꺣ߣľۼ˺ŵصĴǰ
һÿϷɳһɫι⻪ӦǺƵ˺ŵصĴš
ʮʹΪһ壬ܲŵʱ򣬺ŵǹӵĺشŻĴˡ
Ŵˣŵصȴûг˵ǰǰģһɲɫϼɵĹš
ŵؿǣ䣡ڵϸΪϽһڵţڵϣõĳ˺ŵص֡
Żڵų˫ҡȣһ̤ϼ֮š
ͼ⻪һ˫ξʹϼ֮ʧ
ڵĳѾҶ˵
Ǹϼ֮ţǺŵģ˵ǳ׼Ǵһ죬ҲˡʮڵģͿԴϼ֮š
ʮģǿߣҲ粻ϼ֮ţǰ˶Եġ
Ż˫̤룬һλλ龳ߣųɶͨϼ֮š
ϣܹĻ龳ߣǳԼ䣬бϼ֮ŵסģҲм磬ǰĵ͡
ܰһʮ갡ôܣ
λаĵͺݺݵĳϼ֮š
飡
жϼ֮ŵķж󣡶ĵͱ߸ߵĵɣײѪ
ǣλٴһϼ֮ţһΣϼ֮ţһλں˺ƵĻ꺣ǿߣСһ㱻˳ȥ
ţҶǰλһµĶпͣڱϼ֮ŵס֮ͻط˴
ԭҵѾʮ𣿿ûǱĹ¶ҪȻĸҵôᡭ
λ¶пͱʱҶŲ£̤˲ϼ⡣
Ǽһ˶һ㣬ҶоڴɲǣƺʲôԼתһȦת֮Ҷʹϼ֮š
ϼ֮ţǽ˺ŵأҶĿһǧ⣬һƬգУһܲС
ӦþǺŵصĵһأˣ


338 
ŵصһأͨߣԼŵأÿֻһλᡣ
ŻڵųһȣʮλкƵĺŵʱִ£ͬʱڵĺƱƳʮϼͷеʮ˲Ϣʮϼݡ
ϼɵɲǣ̤ŵصĻ˫·һ㣬ʰ׶ϣ̤
˫ӣƺߵ÷ǳɡ
Ҷ֪ġ
ǺŵеĵһأҪߵΪ
߳뾰ڵĿռ䣬ǳ⣬ѹƣҪǲܷС
ֻܿԼһ߹ȥ
ҲôǿΪÿһκŵؿʱϵߣиոͻƵ龳ģҲл龳صģй龳صߴ׹ļ¼
ߵľÿߵ򶼲һ
֮һ仰ܴĴ⡣
ʮλ꺣ִµĿ£ǧŵصĻ龳ߣԾ˶顣
ڰȫҶ潫Լǰߡ
ÿͨٶпʱҲΪΣա
Щ꺣ִµҪǰһ߰׺󣬺һ˲̤룬ԣȻʮͨٶȻǺ
һʱ֮󣬲̤ϼݣ̤֮Ҷʰ׶ϡ
һ̤ɲǣҶʱһأ·𱳸ѹһ㣬ÿһóޱȡ
ȵҶȫ̤˷ʱ˿ֲ쳣ļѹּ֮ѹ֮Ǻˮеİһ㣬̤ߣöᡣ
ڵһʱ䱬ȶסҡҡ׹Ρ
ҲʱһҶഫһո̤ߣζһᣬϵȥ
ҶӦõ˵Ϊߴﻯ龳أҶ鲻ɵȻ
Խǰ˷ļѹ֮
֮ϣҶͻط֣ΪĳףһãһУ
ףһǧףҶߵû˳ȫĶ֮ϡ
ǧ֮ܵѹҶĵٶȱܳȥ

ǧ׹ܵѹѾϸ볡ʱ屶࣬ҶξƮһϻε
ԣ϶ﲻԣҪ״ȥǧ׻ǧ׵ķΧ֮ҾԻ
Ҷζͣסԭؾ˼
У龳ص߲ټΪʲô龳ص߿ͨҶȴ޷ͨأ
ͻأһհҶ漲ײ
ڳ˼еҶ棬ܵļǿλǱײҲ㵹ȥͬʱҲհˡ
·һ㣬ҲհһײҶʱָԭλֻЩζ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷͷ·һһ㣬ʱˡ
뼼ɣ
һɲǣҶͷ·һһ㣬˷հҶײöᣬһɲǣҶξָܹԭλ
Ҫǣ⵱УҶĵǳ٣ֻһתתȥıײհˣͲһһƽ⣬ϣ̩ɽ
һ̣ҶףĲΪǼɣ߿ļɡ
һ㣬Ҷʱ
ǰǧԺ·ҶУʱ̹;
ߣû¾͸Ͻȥٵ
ͻأҶʮ⣬һɢŰҶֱײĳϢȻǻ龳ߵϢ
ߺֱײĳֱԸײҶ鶸һ䡣
ǡڴʱҶײһհײɲǣҶ˳һҲ൹ȥͬʱҶڵҲҳ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷξʹʧ
Ӻ󷽺ֱײĻ龳һ㣬Ҳ٣ǰɣôǱƵˣȻԸȥ
ͣ
û˵꣬Ҷʧζ·תһȦݺײ龳صߡ
١
ʱ龳ߵΣѾ׹䵽·ڡ
ռڣÿһռ䶼֣ѹ޷գ»龳صҲС
˾ʹ˳֡
龳ص߳ˣյ˾ϵҶȴϿټ
ǧס
ǧס
ǧף

һ֮Ҷ濴ľͷ
Ҷ濴ͷɲǣҶǰ·飬һȻ͵شҶؿڷɳ
𣡡
ХУҲܲסеѹСèεԳԭΣϻ˶
СèһԳԭΣǾ޴أҶξҵĻζûе
·ǼҶѾޱȣ˳һһҡڣҶ˳˦
ովźңĲ£ͻȻֵҶСèЩȻô죿
һԣոտɽׯĪˮҶΣҲüͷ
ļǵãҶ̤Ҫ磬Ҷ棬ȻͨıҪ졣
аһĶ֣СĪˮһء
֮ͨһƬĹȵأǳĿտͨߴ඼ڴ˵ȴ
μӵһģʱҲģҪһһҹʱ䡣
һ˵һȫɸѡ֮󣬵ڶزŻῪ
ǰͨЩߣԼһҵϢʱ䡣
ͨˣûһġ
СĵĴ߶Ӧڳ˵Ϊռ鱨ΪЩ˵УпܾͻԼĶ֡
Ȼ˫⣡
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ͻأ˸ָӥ𣬲ͷӥش˹
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Ҷȴˡ
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һʱ䣬ͦĵģڹأ֮䲻˽֮ûԼˣ
ô˵ޣһҲңƾͬķӥһ㣬һƣ


339 Сè֮ս
ҵķӥһĸҲңȻҶ棬ҪˣֱҲԣ
˵꣬ЦʵĿҶ棬УȴȻ
Ȼڲȸɵ㣬ǾȸɵͣյϢ
ҪȻϿҶԼǰƶ֣ܶԼᷢ÷衣
ǰܱܵҵˣûлᡣҵˣǰȴֲּ֣ܶޱȵĸоҲֻеԼ֪ˡ
ӥĶвƣ˲ؾͽ˵ĿȻ·Щ˲һĻ˫⡣
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ҶĻشЩڴޱȵ¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫƾҲǶһ䣬һث֣
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һںԼߵϣһΪԼδ֤Լǿߵʵ֮̽󣬾͸óԼȫʵѪƴ
Уӥһӥ䣬ǳＸʮɵӥٵĿ£۴ϸ׹ⶸس֣һǰһ󣬿ĺСè
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СèҲ˵ãؼʱ̣Ӵ͵һܣܹ˺ߵ׹⣬һۣһʮ׵Ļβ֮ޣݺݵĳ׹⡣
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ҶƺЩ
ԭûɶȤĹսǣҲþСèʩչǬʼսƺѾԤϡ
Ϊ˴룬ӥСèչҵⲫ
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ƾĿѣʶıһСè
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ϣ쳤ХСèХԽԽԽԽңзۼأȻۼһ˶ޱȵġ֣
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СèһŭȣСèͷ⻪һһƻ֣СèĶͷ



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˭ҲԸΪһС¶ɥʧںϽĻᣬĻᣬ˶ԣһӿֻһΡ
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ҰԭһҰһɫ⻪УȻһɫ⻪
ɫ⻪ţӽĺƵĴҴܣҰԭͻȻͶһĪϵ
ҰԭƵƮţҰԭͨ죬ͷһ͹֣·óȫһ㡣
ҰԭŲһ㣬һһ׵ŲϼţͬҶһСĽҲ̤š
ƴĴ߶ɫ⻪ŵĳƮš

ոճţҰԭ˾̱ڵأĴڴϢ˾Ǵˮӳһ㣬ֱ
һߣ
ҰԭûŵĳڶϢ˼ֽŲ÷·Ұһһ䣬Իָ

ˮڵĳ̤ţҶĿЩڴ
Ȼ˵ҶϣҶ滹ϣܹͨš
ˮߴŵĲ࣬Ҷ棬һлһɢޡԳ龳صΪӦÿ׵õΡ
ʱԽʲôԽʲô
һһĽⶸشո̤ŵĳţ·ĺǶһֱӽϽ˹֮С
ô
ˮڵ֮ӣôٵ˸ɾ
ҶȻ
ĸʱ֮󣬵һ̤ŵߵ֮УϵϼµĹͬʱһգһĹ򣬾ʧӰ٣·δֹһ㡣
ǰŵλãһƽ̹Ĳݵء
һĻڶ߾һеĸо
ķǱϡϡ
ǲʱǧ˼ͷֱܶǺѹѹһƬ
ڣֻнŰվϴֱӿࡣ
ھ洫Ҳ̭˽룬Ҷ£ֻ˳ɹɱˮҪһ㣬ʮ洫ӣɱģֻˡ
ǳ̭ˮڵ¾ޱȡ
㵹龪㵣ֻҪǳɹͨѡһصߣ˷ޱȣЩŻ߼ߡ
ͨѡʹĳ̶ֳϵĿ϶˵ֻҪͨѡأǾ˵ߡ
ۺΣ˴λȥ֮󣬿϶ܵŻصעԴ˶ԣܹѡؾѾǳɹˡ
ѡؽҹȿսкС
Ŵִѡؽʮϼʮзɳ˺ŵص˷
ʱŵصĽաءֽʧǸΨһϼҲʹʧ׿š
һֱغߵĸŵųϣ幩Щ̭ߣһӿ
ģȴЩԶǰ۹۵ߣ龳ģҲ͵Ļ龳ߣȵľǺŵؽƵʱ̡
ҵĳǿŴѡصĵӣϲȻͼҴҵĴСеעеˣѾʼѼпǶֵ鱨
ڵĶϼƳ߳뾰Ҳ⡣
ȿ˵ͨ
һ͡
뾰Ҷͨʱ۾˲صɴ
һԣϼƳһ뾰ͨȻ˲شͣ
ѡ֣Ȼλѡ֣ڡ
̾䣬뾰Ƴ˵ȻЩʣȦЩ졣
£ֵҶ桢뼸λ洫Ӿȡ
Ƴ뾰ΪģʵҪӺСĹ
ÿһУѡ֮ɱ߰ˣǧˡ
ֻй̶ʮˣУҪ̭ߡ
Сǽ߷ֳʮС飬ȻгǩֿǰʮߣĽ
ʮСĻֵݣͨѡͨϵʮΪڵ㣬˷Ϊʮ顣
ǰʮߣ򱻳֮Ϊѡ֡Ϊڹչ£СУʮǲġ
£ѡֶɱʮ֮ڣ⡣
仰˵Ҷ³Ϊѡ֣Ͼںռһϯ֮ءֻҪеںռһϯ֮أǶԼǶǼ壬кô
Щ˵£ǧ֤ˡ
ֻҪɱ֮ڣߵšԼ˵ƶһ㡣
ЧԽЧԽá
ȻüƳ뾰ȵǣҶµΣһһһڶ
Σ˲Ƴ뾰˼
˵һĺŵʮλʱִУڵһԱ
úõϢҶ棬ϽˣҪģʵ飬ŵδȫˣȻΪ϶ļһǣҲǰ÷ԪԵ洫ӡ
С𣿡
ҶĿһԽӰ˸ֶĻ˫졢Īˮˡ
ҶĶ֣ǣ


347 
λϷһ̨
ŴִأʮλŵʱִͷԸһƣһϼ档
ϼأ¡¡ĵضɽҡ
ʮǧסͨɫ̨ӵص̨ԵϲĻƣעĿģȴÿ̨߶һ˶ͷ
ͷ۳룬ݣһۿȥǶ̨һ㡣
ͷ̨һĪѹɢۼ˵̨ܱߣȻþĵģޱȵİ
̨ʮΪһУͨϵԾۼԵĺ̨֮ǰСǩ
СǩÿС鹲ʮֱϸñ򡭡ִȵ
ʵСǩĹϼƳ߳뾰͸Ҷ˽ˣȥЩӣʵܼ򵥡
һС鲻жˣֻʮֱһֱУһֻܳսһΪǩߣǱߣֻҪһһֱ
һֱжٳǾͿСжˣֱǩͰеǩų꣬һֱɣȻٽһ֡
һżֿյģÿ˶Ҫʮ
ʤһ֣ƽּһ֣һֿ֣ռǷͬʤ
ʮСߵʮ˽һִεıֱ̭
ΪҶѡ֣ͨڶԲ¸ҶֱڵһСڶС顣
Ҷѡ֣֪˲࣬ϾֻͨԼ֪
ܹͨѡصģ඼ǲǹ֮ܿģ˶׼Լķ飬ִ̨µҪ󣬿ٵԼǩ
ҶЩͷִ̨¾ȻǧӥӥʱҶ棬
Ҷ沢
̨֮ͥ£ǧӥңǰ˪ԣŵƺǳԡ
ִǵ÷ǳޣƺֻ֯ãĴɺʩӡ
ѡصĻ龳ߣһ˰پʮˣҶһ飬һʮˡ
ҶĿһһɨ֮£ŽԪڷεĵӣˣʱĿĶҶ档
ƽ뺣Ͳνߣ͵Ķһ龳صߣ˭Ķ
֮⣬Ҳλڵڶ飬һ龳أһ龳صΪļʮˣԻ۹߾Ӷ࣬Ű뽣Ԫ۹Ĵ֮ˮ٣Ҷ⣬ֻһˣڵ洫÷Ԫԡ
Ȼ˵ͬһڣⲢǻ£෴⻹Ǻ¡
Ϊ֪֪׵£ȷѡսǱʵ
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Сǩʱһ죬ÿʮ֡
仰˵һ֮ڣÿһλҪսʮ˳ߵľΪ־һ޵Ŀ顣
ѵģǾ
˸Ƶȵսÿһƴȫȫȡ
ҪȻֻսĳߵսҪΪΪȫ
磬֪սʤߣҲãʵܹĻ֡
ǣҲһηͻӰյ⵱еľȡᣬҪԼˡ
ΪԭЩѾʼˣɢӦΧߵʵԷԼѡ
˺ܶ࣬ǣҶ档
ʵﵽһ̶֮ᣬֻѹ
Сǩʼһ̨ǩ״еۣ죡к֮£ȵĴɹ
֪ѭӦˬ˿ˣҲһǡ㣡
һ㡯֣Ӵһ㣬˵ԺУԺȻ졣
Сǩʼ˭飡
Сǩĳǩǳļ򵥣˭˭Գ飬ÿһǩǩͰгΪֹ

һ龳ص̨Ҷǰֳ߳ǩ
״ҶҲһֻսһ˭ȥ鶼һ
һսţ
һ̨ǩĻЩƣײˣȻ鵽һ龳صߣûз˼
ΪƷײʵȫ෴һСԽսӷǳĶࡣ
ȣ
óȷһ˫ȷ·һ㣬ƵţˣǷ
˵˭ʤ
ţˣӦǻʤ
˵

Ҷţû˵ʲôţ˵ʱʵѾ춨ʤ֡
׶
䣡
ţһȭȭ׶һݺݵĶ˻Ľġ
صʱȲסĲţЩվˣɫ÷ǳѿ
䣡
Ϯţɾ䣬ڡ䡯ֳڵɲǣִǧӥԺŵĺгһ⻪һ͵ĹĻţ¡
Ҳ̨Ĺ֮һֻҪһ䣬ִ¾͵ñߡ
ȻҲ÷ʱΡ
˼ҵĽѾԴˣٺ䣬ôˡ
Сǩеĺܿ죬ÿһս϶ʮϢϢ֮䣬ҶıʵЩǿߣʵ
һ麣սҶ棡
麣֣ҶЩ⡣
ô˵أܲ麣ƺԵħսû뵽СǩУȻһ
ȻҶ治òܲ麣
ܲ麣龳һصΪȻأһʵҶԸӦܲ麣ΪǿͨڶأӦܲ麣ǿ־
һܹѡ񺱼֮·ȥˣ־ǿ󶼲ܡ
Ҷ棬ּˣ
̨Ҷ棬ܲ麣յұܴЩʹһУȫǰҶ͡
˵ܲ麣Ӧ÷ŭޱȵҶ淢𣬵ǣ麣ȴǿɬ
˲˽Ҷ棬ܲ˽
龳ھܸɵʮ龳۷ߣҴܣ˵ҶѾǻ龳صΪҪһء
ҪǣҶϢӵأһվʹһױȵѹ
Ե
һ׾ܲ麣޵ҶǼأڣԽսĿֲڣҶǳСġ
Եƨҵù
䣡
ݺݵһĭܲ麣ֱ䣬ޱȵ䶷̨
Σʱùսߺһֲ߲á
֣û뵽Ǹ˻
һ龳һصģ龳ضҳ֣㻹Ը˭
òڶ飬Ǹ˻һ龳һذɣ
㶼ֱˣ
˵áܲ麣ͷҲصͷ̨УǲмҶΪֻл龳أϤˣ˭ָ龳ص߶Դ
˵ģƾҶеƷ񹭣جˡ
ߣ˭ɵԺ֪
˵áٿᶨͷ̨ܲ麣ҶǧӥͷͬʱһͷǴˣ


348 
սʼ
Ŷͷִǧӥأ̨һܲ麣һ֧һ㣬Ķ֡һ龳صĵͣ
ܲ麣ٶ̫ˣǺХƿֱ˺˵ĶĤ
ƿյ̨¹սɫ䣬λ꺣ǿߵҲгԾ֮ɫ
Ϊǵľ飬Ȼܲ麣ٶȣѾǵļٶȣܹ꺣ǿߵٶ
䣡
龳صĵֻգ˸۵Ĺһֻȭ׾ǰ⻪ţݺݵĺš
̨µҶҡҡͷ龳صĵ䶨ˡ
һܲ麣ûгǿķֶͨΣǺѳŹȥġ
ңȭ͵Ļͱܲ麣俪ˡ
˲Ϣ䣬ܲ麣ͷ·һͷͨⲫҰһ㣬ȳ飬ָܣ翿ȵ伫ÿһؽÿһͷǿĹ
Ҳҿ麣ֻһֻۣҪȻڲ麣·εĵ͵ԴѾšˡ
飡
һǷߣ˼ҵ龳صĵֱ߷ɣβܿƵֱӵͷ̨عǶֱӽսǿɵˡ
ųЦáܲ麣ǣĵıͣϵĭĵĽš
һ龳һصļһô˿ֲ
ˣ麣ĿѾһˣԲ麣ľȼ˲˺ü
ȻֻǴ󲿷˵
һСָϸĵߣȴǽĿҶ档
ܲ麣Ѿ˿ֲôܹܲ麣Ҷ棬ǿʲô̶ȣ
СǩڶֵսҶĿ⣬ûͣڱ̨֮ϣǲ̨ͣѲ
̨ո̨ɽׯĪˮӰҶĿ⡣
Ҷھս֮ǰܵռЩѡֵϢΪԼδս׼
ǣ̨ϵȴҶʧˡ
һոտʼͽս
ĪˮֻһͽĻ龳صĶָˣжûãҶֻӦǿ⣬һá
СǩǺóصʵ
ʧʧҶ沢ûз۲죬ֻҪϸ۲죬ܹռһЩõϢٶȣԵȵȡ
һսҶ棡
Ϊߴﻯ龳ص꣬ǩʱҶ棬ҶоЩˣǱ˳С
෴ģϣһ˿ϲɫ
ӴڵĽǶϿ龳صߣһɻ龳صߣȷʵһˡ
ΪһСԽսĺܶ࣬СʱܹԽսģͷǳˡ
ΪڶʮңֻսʮֻҪеһ߶ս鵽ΪȽߣȷʵһֵø˵顣
ҶӦ̤ͷ̨ʱһ󲨶ҶоĿⶢҶ档
ֹһڹ۲֣Ҳڹ۲Ұ
ҶСܣɷһ
ͻأͷ̨ϵ꿪˵
˵
˵ʵ̨ϵķϻҶ沢̫ϲ
СǩһҪʮķǳĴ󣬲ÿһȫȥƴԣʵ޴Ķ֣䱣ʵĺá˵
ţҪ䣿
һڴ꣬ӶûҶ仰ᡣ
䣿
ʲôЦ
һ龳ص߳һ龳ص䣿
ҶҸо̫˰ɣ
ֵܣҪôʶ̧٣ɾͱֲ飡ɫ˲Ϣȥ
ϻܶడҶε˸

һȣĳǹһΣγǹâҶȫ¡
֣ȴҶ鶸һס֣΢΢һɡ
ԭҶ汨ѵ̬Ҷȴһ̨˼
ǹâҶΡȻ·ɽһȻվ˼
ͣ
ĻǴҶĳϱ俪Ҷĳ׺ˣǹâȴȫ
¶֮ʣҶûֻ֣һ㣬ס꣬ȻҶǳϥǾͺݺݵײţ
飡
һһƴϥײš
ʼļ£껹ŻӲţûϢҶϥײӰһһ䶥ϰٴΣֱӺĻ
ںĻ֮ҶϥǻϿΡ
ıǡǱײ۵⻹ΪŻ龳Ϊԭ
ҪһߣֲѾײ飬ֱӻˡ
飡
Ϣ֮·һ㱻Ҷͷ̨ݣ۶ϣѪǰȫˣ˴
ȥ˿ֲʵƲײ
Ϊʲôһ㣬ҪΪ걻Ҷϥײײˡ
ҶһϥײĴԳԴϱô£ǻ꺣ǿߣҲ÷Ρ
˲Ϣ䣬Χڶͷ̨ǧȫɵˡ
ǼĻ龳֮ս
Ҷʤһ
ǧӥ̫ԸΧ۵߲ŷ׷ױѣλڳ鴤꣬һƬ
ڣѾЩ׷ŵܲ麣Ҷ棬ΪʲôҪġ
˵ֶΣ˼ǿĻѾ㹻ˡ
ǵڶڵĲߣҶþޱȡ
ЩѾʼңҿûг鵽Ҷ棬ҪȻ
ʦųİϣѸٵʦų߳Ҷ漸䣬꣬ڳһҶ֮ѸٵĻصһ࣬ҲҿҶһۡ
ֲ̫ˣ
Ҷǰһ㣬޷ϡ
ЦžȻҪҶ䡣
֪Ҷֵԭ򣬿¿޵ĶС
һȻǾС
Īˮ鸴ӣֻ۲һֻҶǿһ㣬һ㣬ǳͷʹˡ
ʦ彻ûҶһʮֲֿҪʦ׼¡
ֱʱƾźһΪҶֿʼһֱϢ۲죬´κһϸڡ
ǿķ̵ĶĳìʲôԶҰԭͻһЦ¶һɭİ
һڽԪڵͬţͬʱͷʲôǿȵĹܹҶأ
ƽ̵ǺãҶո¶һķףȸǿһ⡣
Ҷͷ̨ʱͷ̨Χ۵ʱѸٵĸҶÿһ
ǿߵĴҶղ¶һ֣ˡ
׾ٵѹ龳صߣֻл龳صΪҲǿˡ
Ҷûϵŵĺ־Ȼô
ҶûϵǣŶֵµӦ


349 ش
ҡ䣡
ͷ̨˸Ҷ棬Ϊߴﻯ龳صЩѵ³֡
ҶһȻ漴һЦ
ȴͷҲصļᶨͷ̨
һֲԣҲһѵľ
龳ߵȫһ޷Ҷĳ׷ֺôõĵطǣ龳صҪҶĳףҲҪʹƴΪ
⻹õĿǣû￼ǡ
Сǩϴʱһ֣仰˵ʱ֮Ҫһս
Ϊأڴʱ֮ڣ޿ɶ޷ָǿһĶֻ֣䡣
ҪǣҶ棬ûбʤİգӮ治ࡣ
ԣؿ֮Ϊߴﻯ龳ص䣬ʵ
һ䣬Щڴ˽ҶʵսߣͬڵڶСĽԪڵߣʧޱȡ
ȻǵһҶġ
СǩѾеʮ֣֮ǰʮߣ˱Ҷҵ֮⣬ڶҶʱȫǡ䡣
ֻǵһҶĻ龳صߡ
Ȼ˳˳ˮģҶ沢Ψһһ
ڵϻҵĻ˫ܵĴҶ滹Ҫ߼
ǻ˫鵽ˣǱ˳鵽˫û˫ͷ̨˫Ķ־ͻֱ˵䡣
ԵΪֹ˫˵һʱһͷ̨ʮս֮УԶԶУʮֱɾʮʤ
Ӧ˵µʵҲǳǿᣬҲӦֲܵó־ɻʤĴ
ʵǡ෴ġ
еѡ֮Уһ
ΪʵµʵжֲҶ
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Ϊˣ¼ÿһҪս
ǿ󵽿ֲȴŻΪͨʽҲ޴ĵҲ
ȻµǷǳԭ֡
ǰڻλ
¹δɷޣ
СʮģڹŰҲǷεῡ壬ҲƣԴЩԴұ֤¹ʮ̤֮꺣
ȻǼҸ׼ƸֻҪ
Ȼ󣬾ûȻˣ
вһ˲Ϊ˲Ϣ䣬һ޴ޱȵĲʽλῡ嵹õɶ
ڿУϵѪͿ˳
λῡؿڣһɼǵ˿ڣڳ߾˵ĿɭɭĹͷܿ
㡭СˣȻ͵Ϯ
ҶʱҪŵؽֹ˽׼ڻļһúõ֪ʲôк
¸ղŵĳ֡
ֻǴһûж̫ǿڱ̬ɫ⣬ֶû֣ҪȻһʮɱ
գһ̨ĺŵʱִһӽλῡȷˡ
͵Ϯ
̨ѾսʼˣڻĵϷ˼С˼ŭ֣˼С͵ϮҪҪ
ȻǸһһͷ̨ߵĿˮ˳֮С
⡭ǲµ
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ҶʱĿ⣬ȴź̨ϵĳҰԭˣԴҶϿҰԭͬһ֮ҶرҰԭΡ
ҶԼԼһԤУҰԭľС
ҰԭΪ龳أǰҰԭĶΪһ㣬ȫȡʤһĶһ龳صߡ
һϳ˾ͼҵĴս
ҰԭĶʵȻ֮ڣҰԭսϲ¡
ͻأҰԭüͷһ¡
̣
׵̵س֣һɫŴĿ⣬Ķ֡
ܹģҰԭҹȥޣھɫһ׾ʱ򣬾ͲıһĪɡ
ɫĳȥĶֱӳ÷ɳͷ̨
һ飬޴󣬻˲Ϣ𣬹һƬؿڼȫݣѪС鲻ͣĴӿ
ȻˣǿĴϢţ峤æι˵ҩ͵ؿʼˡ
Ǻɵĺô
ҪǻûдɵĻ龳ߣˣѾ龳صߣǿĻš
⹥ǿ
ҶԾѣҶǵãҰԭ֮ʣҲǿ
Թ㣬ĹǿѾǿӽҶĳӡˡ
Ҷ̵Ŀ⣬Եλϡ
ûĻǵӦǼ亱޵ĵشϼƳ˵
شΣҶʵ
ϷҲ̫شѾüûˣҪϡüʮ
˵ģϾһʱżƣǰشűɱֵĳƺţ
Ҷ棬÷ԪԣԺսУˣ򲻿ɶǺоһ
ԶϼƳ֣صľ棬Ҷ÷ԪͷҶУȴһ˿ء
ֻҪҶɱǰʮҰԭһս
ɻʤҰԭƺע⵽ҶڿתͷӭҶĿ⣬΢΢ףУ˲Ϣȼս⡣
һӱսҶ棡
ǧӥɲǣҶ͸еһͬĿ̨ϿҶ档
Ԫ洫ӱڽԪ洫֮Ϊߴﻯ龳أ߳뾰ɫһ䣬Ҷ棬һҪСˣ˵Ԫڵƽ̶Ԫڵÿһӿ㣬۾ɶǺģ
Ϸģ
δ䣬Ҷͷ̤ͷ̨
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ŵصĺΪֱһ־ѾɵСǩ̭̭󲿷ֵߡ
ڶֱǻ̭һ֮⣬ҲҪΪĽһ̵档
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ҪԴҶġ깥깥ò޷˵ƹ֮ʣֻüҷһ괫
Ǹ괫ǡ


355 µŭ
Ǹ괫ǡ䣡
ԣϷżмԲֱ䣬˲ϷҲϣϷ˼м²죬һ㡭˽ĵġ
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356 
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һ߿ܼҴż˾Ϳһľͷ̨


357 ľ
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ҶΪѾﵽأ깥Ƕʮףʮ֮ڣ깥Чǿ
ҲǵҶսʱΪʲôҪ벽ӽ֮󣬲ʩչ깥ԭ
Ҷ汣Ŷʮ׵ľ룬ΪҶ깥
ҶЦǶһ˿̡
һΡһ
ֳڵɲǣڣһּشڴ
ͣ
һ̶ٵѪش͵Ķɲǣһ־Ľͻش
ͣ
һɲǣ͵Ǳϰټһ㣬ҪѨ֮ͬʱһ̶ٵѪ
ôѪϢʢٵǰڵٴη
ֻһη֮ǰۺɲ˵һ˿ѪɫѪɫһ޴ѪɢſֲѹϢ
Ҷ棬СģǽԪڵѪʩչ֮ӳ̶ȲͬԽʵɵһȡо䣡ƳҶԺ
Ѫ壿
ɣҶ棬ڣ
ͬʱϢĳɲֹѪһͽҶ淢˿籩Ĺ
бһֻһֻСȸལԶҶ棬Ȼʩչ˽ɿҶ汣ž롣
ʩչ֮ĽУⷶΧɣҲһѪɫɷ
ԭҶĳӡܹɵѹСȸལ壬ڣҶĳӡǿǿܹѹСȸལ塣
ǣĹҶʮǳӡҶǷǳ顣
飡
Ҷӡ۲һСȸལݺݵҶĳ壬иҶ
УҶĳСȸལͬʱ𣬵СȸལƮɢĽȴǸҶҶƤ˼ӡ
Ҷ棬ڽ
ҷôôĴۣ㿴ϣˣʹЦ֮࣬еĽȴǸ
ȻҶʵܱ̬ǣѾҵҶ㣡


361 һָ
ҵҶǡΪ
ҶгףǳǿҶгӡ깥ҲǳǿټǿӦһֻĴһ㡣
ǣֻҪҶƴģҶƴ
龳صӵеû龳۷ȡ
ǣʩչѪ֮ǰҶƴΪʸûС
ȴˣ
ڴ֮ǰ뽣Ԫڵλʤ֮ҳĶԸҶĶԲߡ
ԲȷʵЧˣ̨µĿЦˣյгʤҲЦˣУڴ
ҶɫĵӣڵӵͷܹնɱҶ棬ڵĴֱԹ
ԽԪڵĺôҲԹ
ΪҶ񡯵µĻ̻̣Կȶ
ҶһȻս߻ǳһ
ô˵ҶҪˣüͷ
ʩչֲ־ǻʤҶı̬ˡ
һԣĪˮüͷҲ
ʩչѪҪҶǴҪҶԽԪ֮ĶԹôҲ޿ɺǡ
˵ҪնɱҶ֮ʣҶͻȻ䣬᲻ܺ棿Ұԭֹһ䡣
ǰһսҰԭĪˮĹϵȴǽ˼֡
ܣؼʱ̣Ϳ϶׼˾ҶɱУ
ΪҶ䣬
ţ߳ǰ˳ɰɡĪˮͷ
ܣ
Īˮ뷴ʱҰԭͻ˵㿴Ҷ˵ɣ
ͷ̨ϣҶЩᡣ
ǵģǾᡣ
ԭʩչѪΪʱҶ汾߶սѪ졣תһ룬֮ͥ´߶սѪ죬̫ױ¶ˡ
Ҫһ¶սѪ죬֪սѪҶЯģǵȴҶģ޾鷳
սѪ첻ãҶֻǰ¶һɱˣҶɱУǸ˫׼ġ
顭ĪˮüͷٴνЩ͸ҶˣѵҶ滹С֡
𣿡
ſнԽҵԽͣҶǣͻظֳһ˿Ц
Ȼôֻ㲻׵ˣ룬׵ģ
һ䣬Ҷĳɫͬһ㱬ֻһҶı󣬾һԳɫ
ڴͬʱҶħľڵħҲɡ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ汳ĳɫһӰҲһ˲һƵ
ݣ
̶ƿͷ̨ϰΪոͻƵ龳ߣΪһ̶ƿҽ
һλֵ龳ߣ˫һѪ
ͬʱ͵ͫһıˡ
ҶζԭʧУһɫ߶һš

ħ츳ͨ
ΪĲͬҶҲûħߵıߣʩչͳ˳
ɫ߶α˵͵ǰţһĳ⣬͵ǰ
漴޾Ŀ־֮ɫ͵ŭ˫Ϊ־壬͵һɲǶеŤˡ

ŭ
ŭ֮ʣ۵Ѫɫ·Ѫɫ˳һ㣬ӿ˸ոճǰҶ棬Ҳһɲת˲ˡɻĻѪ
ǣһУֲ̽һɫָ
ۣ
һ㣬ǽɫָͶ͵ĻѪɫָ˲Ϣû͵š
͵۾˲ϢԲĿ⣬дˡʻв⣡
ҶһɲǵĹǰģ
ͣ
Ҷȴ֮ǰִٺѪɫĳ֮£ĳըһơ
ǣ͵վ޸֮ľֻҶĳ׹ѳһƣȴ޷˼Ҷ档
飡
͵ʬص䵽棬һ˼¡
ҶȴǿдͿһĻĺŵʱִ¡Ԫڳʤ
ʤϣԪ洫͵ͷ㿴ݴΣܷöҶĳƽ⣿
УҶ渺ֶ·͵ʬ£˵
Ԫڳʤǵʱ಻ѡ
ʤĿһ
ôʤϣ㻹빫˽𣿡
ΪɱңѪˣѵ׼ҷ𣿡
ͻأҶɹȻһЦʤϣ㶪˿ԣԪڶˣҪȻպҶ˼˵ĵУнԪڣ
㣡
ʤһţʱӿӿƵɱ
֪ϣʤƴܴͷնɱҶ档
ѾҶúҷˡ
ԪһΣ˶ˣ
ϣǲӦһʤˣ
Ҷѣְ˺̨γѣæҶʤٻ֣ǿҶĿ⣬ȴѾòһˡ
ͨ
ҶŵһɲǣУӦУӦͨ似ζ
ǣһ龳صߣôʩչͨ似
Ȼܣȴۿˡ
⵱У϶Сܣ
ĶҶһۣһ
Ҷ̤ͷ̨ʱŻ˫ķһۣʵŵһӸָϣҶǸ˫׼ģȴ͸ǰ˳
ܹҶԸ˫ľиƳҲͱˡ

ֱҶ̤ͷ̨Ĺսߣųһ
ˣҶƾʧһɲǣס˺ֱ棬һ
̫ˣ
̫ˣ
ҶĿֲѾԴˡ
ͬĻΪһĻ꺣Ҳֹ
ͳܵһУǻϣҲǽӲ㲻Ҳˣ
ĪˮҰԭģȻҲҶһиˣţǻǣܲܽ»ҶһС
Ҳɵˣ˵ͷͬʱһͷ
ǰҶң죩ʩչһУ˰ɣ
һİоҲһ𾪵ĿŴͷ̨ʩʩȻ̤µҶ棬Уд˸ӵ顣
ͬһĻĻܼȴǼˣ˯ߵĻ˫ܼҵһʶҶǼҹӾУ
ڼǣ˵Ŀ˵עڳϵս֮УζҶɱ͵ľһָ˲Ϣʧ
ۣʲôеѾֳ˵Ҷʧġ
𾪵ǣȴҪµĺŵصʱִǡ
ҶһеѹûȫǱˣǺ˪һľɡ
ͨ似ϢҵĻþǡ
͵ʬܿ챻ߣǰ˺ͷ̨ϲѪζȴð˺ͷ̨ƾһɱ֮ҲǰɵķΧ
˭ףÿһսп֮ս
ܿģٴֵҰԭϳˣǣҰԭʣµˣ׵ˡ
ʣµˣֱǲ¡Īˮл˫
ҰԭĪˮѾսһ
ܹѡģֻв뻨˫
ս˭أ


362 Ҿѧ
ӡ
ԶϻҵĻܼһ˿ůķʽ˫˯߷ʽлѡ
˫۾˯ǰǷ϶񣬴ʱȻмˡ
ôսң
ûӣҰԭ̨ս㣬ӣƣ
ָһս˫Ȼ
һսΣ
Ż˫ѯʣܼҽһֵսһһ˵û˫üͷһ¡
ӻЩС֣ˡһָɱͣҲмֱˡţ˵δսҰԭȴѡսң
ˣӣ
ߣΪƽܱȮ𣿱ӾأҲƵģ
˫ӦսʮϢ֮ڻ޾ϣ䣡У
ܡս
սֳڵɲǣ˫һػһ⣬ֱ˺̨˫ȥ·ȴ˺̨ܱΧŵս߸赲סˡ
ǻ˫Ҳ˵ãһˮϵסȫǽֱײȥǿرǽǱˮһ㣬ʱöᣬŭʱ򣬻˫Ѿվ˰˺ͷ̨֮ϡ
⻨˫ָúÿ죡˫˿ֳ̱ʵҶһ
ҰԭҪսңˣ˫ĶסҰԭ
ҰԭƤһ˲سȥ
û
ڳɱлҰԭǡǣ
ֻںں̵Ķǡ
ѡ»ǻ˫սϣҰԭϵѡ˻˫
Ը£Ұԭѹûκΰգ
µĳ̫죬ҰԭҪٶ۲졣
ԭϻ˫ҰԭҲûжٰյģǣ˫ˣˡ
Ұԭսʤ˫Ŀ˺ü
ʤһ֣úһҰԭԣںǽڱôҰԭǴܵġ
ߣˣΰɣ
俪ʼ
صɲǣһʹҰԭϷɳĳ˻˫
С
Цһ˫һᣬľ磬·һƮ֮£˫ش֮һֱһ㶨ľ롣
ϻҾѧӰ粽
ֲǳӰŶԷĹľƮϣֻҪԷܹ磬ԶҲ˫
ı𣿡
شš
䣡
Ұԭһȭڵϣش·ˮһ˷ɢȥҶɫһ䣬ظоαóޱȡ
ͬʱΧڰ˺ͷ̨˷ߣǷڿһսߣ£һ½һŵ׹䡣
ֹЩˣ˫ƮΣҲһʧȥǰƮݣҲ޷Ʈɵ̬
е˼˫˵ͷĿȴǲмǣⳡ䣬Ϊֹˣ
ʱˮɫӻ˫ڿӿžĴ򿪣˫һ̤һƣ硭ɽ
ˮɫ뻨˫ƷȸӵĽϵһɫɽҰԭȥ
ɫɽ󣬼˺ͷ̨Ұԭ޿ɱܣֻӲӣû㡣
Ϊһ㣬˰˺ͷ̨Ƴ̨ۡ
˵ģɫɽ֮ˮϵɢľ˲
˭ԸӦõɫɽһˮϵײǲһһڶ
Ұԭɫ˲Ϣѿޱȡ
شҰԭʵʵֻ̽һСأҰԭЩԥ᲻ǻ˫أ
ĶˣʤǶˣܾ
ߣɣ
ȻУɫɽѹֱҰԭࡣ
Σʱ̣Ұԭһɫɽѹͷϵɲǣĳ˰˺ͷ̨
ͬʱ˺ͷ̨Ͽյϴŭսˣ
Ѿͷ
ȻԤɫɽ֮Ŀֲǲӷͷ̨ΧʮڵĹսߣȫҪ
ʱ˫ȴɹȻһЦ
ϣģշı£һеģ
ӣһºɫɽͻؾưɢ·ûгֹһ㡣
̨Ұԭ˲ˣ˫ޱȺ˵Ĺâ
թң
թ𣿡
Ҫԣ˫ÿɷЦ
ϣһɫɽ˵ģҪˣϰٺŹսߣ鷳ɾʹˡ
ʵȴܡ
ڶֵ峡Ұԭս˫˫ʤ
ߣ
һҰԭ˫ȭðȰ죬һߡһƣԩһʵûзӳΪԷƳͷ̨ˡ
йսҶ棬üͷȴǽ
һսҰԭ뻨˫ʵָԱ¶˲٣ǣҶԾģǻ˫ı֡
ڱش֮ôָܹһսָٶȣʵˡ
ҪǻҶܵͬصƣҶƣ˯죬Ҷ޷˫սġ
ҪȫָҲһ°ָܻơ
ǻ˫ߣֻһʱ
ĺš
Ҷ涸뵽˻˫ų˯ʱʱ࣬ӦøйأӦһĻָط
Ҷжϣ˫ָֻطָٶָٶȵĽٱ
ҵĵ̣Ȼǡ
ҶȻ˫ĻָطҲֻ룬Ȼ˵Ҷ濴˻˫ĺ࣬ǣ֪ûúͣ϶ķ߶
ڶһĪˮս£
ĪˮЦûѡ
ϵģĪˮûϳ֮䣬Ѹٵµľ룬Զʮס
ʮ׵ľ룬ĪˮӦܹòµ깥˥һ̶ȣͬʱʮ׵ľ룬ҲĪˮ׹ѹ롣
¡¡
׽лһĹ켣׹н֯۴ϸ׹⣬ͬʱŲµͷ¡
ϵģȴǶҲû
΢һʹ⻪شӲµбޱȵ͵𣬸ӦĪˮ赽˼¡
һɲǣĪˮһſ˲ذˣ׵˼£һ㳡Ҵ
ҲôɲǣŲµͷµ׹˲ͣ͡
ǵģֱͣ˰С
Ȼ׹·ˮһ㣬ſĪˮ
ҲС
ʲô̬𣿡

ܹͷľǳˮһ㱬
εĿЦţĪˮһֻһ㣬׽Ԧʱʱĺһ׹ӭ췴׹⡣
¾ڰ˺ͷ̨ţϹһ˿ԼԼЦ⣬ĪˮǺһ㻯ԼĹ
ҡ䣡
ǵĪˮͷ󺹵ĻԼ׹֮󣬼˵ĵһ仰˵ˣֱӺ
ʵϣҪʰҲôʱ䣬ϾѾʮϢĪˮݵĺϷˡ


363 
Ҷ棬˫ʵǿ
ڶ֮󣬶Ƴ߳뾰ͬҶ̸
Ҷ沢ûӦǵλϵġ
Ҷ棬Ӯ˫Ϸ磬Ż˫ƻûлָ֮ǰսһ֡
ģӮ߳ɡ
ʵ˫ҰԭһУе顣Ӧ˵ɫɽȫǻ˫ɢȥģпʼɢ֮ʱ˫˳ˮ۲ȫɢȥ뾰˵
Ҷ棬úõĿһ£˫ĻָٶȾˣԽսԽƳ˵
Ҷ沢ûϻشһͷ߰ƣǰ뻨˫ֵһĻƺҶ¸֡
֮Լĳ裬Σ
˫Ц
Ի˫ʱһĸо
֮Լ߻˫֮ң븡Ҷͷ
һζӳһ¸Ҷͷ֮ʱȥδӣҶ˾

Ҷ׼죬һ˫㹻Ļָʱ֮ĸ˫һ
޹غ޹غʤֻںһ
ֻںĨɱϰĸоϴˢ֮Լĳ衣
Լһļȥһ˿۹

ϼƳ߳뾰֪Ҷľ֮ͬʱ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
߳뾰ȰȴϼƳסˣӣҶһ֣
Ľᡭ
һʱ֮ڿʼ
ȻһսĺϷ롣
˵ʱʱ죬һ£һӰĴ˰˺ͷ̨ˣǲ졣
һʱĻָֻǺתһ㣬ûл˫취ţעƣһҹϢ޷ָġ
ǣȲ쿪սˣһӰͬһʱԾ˰˺ͷ̨
Ȼ˶ˣȻ
ʦ֣
󡭡ʦܣ
ͬʱϰ˺ͷ̨ģȻͬһŵĻڵĲʦֵܡ
ʱˡ
ֵģû뵽ȴԼˡ
һսеҲЩΣˣΡ
ǲ컹˭ûж֡
ֻһϤ
Ϥˣڵ洫ӣҲײ˼
ɣ㲻ҵĶ֣
ǲ˼
ڻڵŴУٴʦֵ䡣ֻһΣȴѹͲͷ
˲غˣ
ҧ촽Դ˲أ̧ͷѾǼ㣡
Ǹıˣıδʱ̣Բܾʹ˷
Ƿڲû֮ǰԥ䣬벽֮Ĳࡣ
ǣ񲽳ˣȴһ˿ӮĿܡ
Ҫս
ʦ̨֣ҹҷһս꿡ܿǻڵķɣ˵
ʱ󵨡֣Ȼûкȳȴźһ䡣
ЩʦǣȻʱʱ̿λá
ҲãЦ룡
Уɫһ䣬Ҫ괫߳Ѷ߳ȴǱѹȥ
ͻЩʱ̬
£ԶȲϲ죬죬ȴΨһĻᣡ
룡
ֳڵɲǣʱȥӰóһƬ
ھѧĻýսǧƣ
ò˵֮󣬲ʵȷʵ½Ҳ٣һ֣Ȼƽ֡
Ҫ֪ŴУõսڲֵǿ֧ʮغϣһֱƣ
ʦܣ֪뷨ǣ뷨Ⱳעɹɲǣ괫ͻԺһǵͨ졣
Ӱƣ
һлһӰһֻһӰӰơ
Ϊսپٴζþѧ
ĺ֢ڴʱȫ¶ˣԭܻĸӰĻӰƣʱֻܻ
Ӱͫ˼¡
ӰƵпֲڵ
ĳĳλϽʱλᵽӰƵ
£ӰֻҪһʩչûκֻӲǿ
ǣڻӰƸճδ֮ʱǻӰ
ʱڻӰոջԳƵһɲǣʩǰźܶݵĿհ
ݣ
һߵ˸ĽغΪһһߵһţֱиոջóӰĲ졣
Ĵ̣
УĴ̣Ϊ֮һ
ʵһеʱյüãǣʵԲһ㡣
ʦܣĻýòԸʦң㣡
ۣ
һ̺ųıԴѪشпʱߵɵĹ⻪ǣٶȶӿࡣ
ţУ۾صԲ
㣡
ȴһɲǼҵ겨ĴӲϱ
ۿǵĴ̾Ҫвǰأڲ׵Ӱ˲һ㣬˲ǰ
ۣ
ĻӰ˲Ϣ䱻⻪ǵĴ̶߽ļݺݵĴ˲ؿڡ

ӰˮһӲǰƵӭ߽Ĵ̡
Ӱȡʱ䣬ڲǰĿ顣
ۣ
Ӱͬʱһͬʱ
ĳƿĻӲƸ룬ؽֱûӲĸ첲⴦̳
飡
ڴͬʱƣЮŭ𣬺ݺݵĺҪĻ˲
ۣ
УѪ磬˾ʧȥƵʯͷһ㣬кݺˤ䣬ͬʱѾ³һЩСڸ飬ɼһ֮ݡ
⵽شȴû䣡
֪ΨһڲǰĻᣬѾ׵ʧˡ
δ꣬δʮ꣬ʱڣڵĵλڵǰ;ûκθĵĿˡ
ʦֹȻˡȿȿȣأһһĵĵײײĵ˰˺ͷ̨
˺ͷ̨ΧڵǺüʮλ龳龳ߣŵײײȴûκһ˸ҷ
ΪգһÿԵγˮ
˭ң
һ߽Ĵ̣ҪشҪòǳ
òֱǣδãˣͬʦִ͸ģ
첲ϵĹᴩˣ鵤ҩȫϣûĹ򣬾Ժòˡ

Ҷ濴ĵıӰ̾һЩӡ
ʹʧˡ
ڼС
ǰֵĳ۲죬ֽٶȶؼӿࡣ
Ұԭڶϲ֮ͷ̨£ĪˮıҲǸɴ䡣
ֵĳҶսо
ҶϳսоҶʲô뷨ҶܺоǸڽͨķš
Ҷоսһоķʲô֮ûܹĵط
Ҷʦ֣ǿ
ǰо̨֮ĵһ仰
һ仰ҶЩΣоòֱɣ


364 𽣵
Ҷʦ֣ǿСþԲֱ䣬һøһ
оҧ촽ĳҶ˵仰ʱ򣬲ǹսߣҶԼҲһҪǶ԰о֣޵ĸо
ʵϣսָоЩˣһͷ̨оĳ嶯ǿûҶǿ
Ҷ磬Сһ㣬׹رѾ㷢깥
µҶΪ֮һݣĵ׸ոֹУʧ
깥
ǵģȻһ깥ȻȻ󣬶һӰ죬ƵӰ죡ղǲһ²ֵĸоʵ
ûУ²֡
Ҷĸ괫УЦ
ͷ̨ϣоҶת˲ͻָϧ֮飬һ
Ҷ澹ȻȫӰ졣
룡
룡
ݣ
ƽشо

·ڵȴһ㣬Ҷķƽոоеĳ͵Ҷķƽ֮ϣֱӵɢҶķƽ
ҶԤе飬һɲǣҶ澹ȻһֱѪĸо
ΪĽδ֮ʱоĽѾǰķҶ潣ķ򣬲塣
м䣬Ҷ͵رУǰо·ϤҶ뷨һ㣬еĳӰһ㣬ǰҶĽ·֮ϡ
Ҷ漸УûаѰоƣһ˲䣬ȻҶĵһΪ֮С
־Բߣʱ¾뷨
һسһ
ˣ
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Ҷ뽣ͨɲǣоɫرˣͻȻ֣ҶϢرòһˣ͸ˣһһ㡣
ңһĪΣȻ
ڱˣĵĪΣпܲʲôɶŷһķĵ˵ĪΣУΣա
һɲǣо֣Ҷж켣Щ޷ˣҲǰһˮ⡣
ǣҶԣȸ
Ҷ淢֣뽣ͨľ磬Ҳ޷ȫյоĳ켣·пһ㣬ÿһΣܽĽз¡
֮Ҷüͷ΢΢һɣЩˡ
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оκνУ˳Ȼûκ̻Ϣ
⣬Ӧһڽͨķӱܣӵ˳ȻҵĽ֮ͨͬ
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ҶãоȴǾޱȡ
о֣ԴҶǵĪϢĽķͱü˳Ϊ̵ĸо
Ҷý̽Űоʵͷ̨ΧĹսߣȴǸĪ
ǿҶоڶͬʦڶһιУһ˭ιУ˭ȴ޷ֱ棬·ǣ·ֶǡ
֮ǽУֱϵ˼㡣
ʦãܷңϰǺķҶͻؿʵ
šʦش𽣵䣡ûԥ΢΢һ٣оͻشҶ⡣
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ĽϲֵĹսߣЩ̫꣬ʣϳθ³ȴһѪȵ
Ϊֹθ³սȫܡ
ңǰʮʮ֮УΡ³սͨȻҶ桢Ұԭ˫Щսͨ
ˣǷŵУҲǶĵӡ
ǣǵĶ֣Ҷ桢˫Щʵǿ꺣ǿΪ֮ĿĴڡ
£֮⣬ˣûκʤϣ
ڣսȥһǿ֣ʮһǰʮԣˣֻҪʤһɱǰʮ
սʤֵĻᣬֻսʱ
£һθ³ɱ
գ΢ƾʤһ³Ǳʦų̧ȥģεϣҲɼǵ˿ڣ
ԭ򣬻ιݡ
Ե˺ݣҶԼݣ
˻˵Ĵ򷨣³
Ѫȵĳ棬ùս˻˷ܲѡ
ֵ峡˫ֿա
ΪͱҶնɱԵʣԺÿһ֣һֿߣձ򣬻ϵ󣬴˶һֿյĻᣬȻͽֵˣǲġ
ÿ˱¶ʵԽԽ࣬˶̨ͬߵ˽ҲԽԽ࣬˫ĲյҲԽҵԽ׼
ңͣˣˡ
һЩǿֱ֣ˣҲԽԽࡣ
绨˫¡
Դӵֹ󣬷Ƕϻ˫µߣֱ䣬ûһˮġ
ģ˫Īˮ˵
űԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽʣսҲۿ
ţһ϶ڲ¸˫֮
ҶҲܲΪֹûκΰܼ
ҶǺһܣֻпҰԭĪˮǵҶܹսʤ˫ǻϲܡ
ɣҶ뻨˫֮䣬һսңӦúܾʣ
ޣˣ˫˵ҪɵҶġ

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һʮһ֣һ֣ڶ֣
ŵֱ俪ʼǰһ̨սֵΣûз֡
ǵ֣һ֣ܶˣѡ֣׼ȫһսѪƴ֡
ֹ󣬽һҹĹָֻҪǱˣŲϧҩ֮£ָܻ߰˰ˡ
˻ѡֵʱҶ̤˰˺ͷ̨
̤ϰ˺ͷ̨ҶĿ̨µıȥ
˭Ҷս˭أ
˫ɣҾһҹ󣬻˫ƿ϶ãҶս˫õʱ
ɣҶҪս˫ռˣڶֵ־սˣõռˣ
ʵϣΪԼҹӴĻܼңҶѲĿ⣬ҲЩ
Щ£ҶսԼҹӡ
۹ҶıֳʵǿԼҹȫʢʱڣȻ޶˵£Ǿ˵ˡ
ڻܼɤ۵ʱҶͻؿˡ
Ī֣ҷһսΣҶĿ⣬Īˮ


365 ʤ
¡¡̡
۴ϸ׹нۻ㼯·һҶ档
Ҷ漱æ߳ӡѹĪˮ׹⡣
ǣĪˮ׹ٶ̫ˣҷǳĹ䣬ӡѹ׹⣬һתҶҴܡ
ΣҶֻó齣ӦĪˮ׹⣬Īˮϵˡ
ϵǿ֮ڣһ⵽׹Ҵܣشߣ߻ԣһִ巴Ӧû취ġ
ԣϵҶѹӲӲãܹϵ˺ϵܹҶԡ
ֹУЩĳٻѾˡ
ҶЩǱ
û취ǵʵ籩¶ԭҶΪĪˮҰԭǿĶ֮һǱǵʦųڴ֮ǰоҶʵ
Ҷı¶ʵƶһ֮ЧӦԷ
ǰĪˮˡ
ȻҶĵƣȫЩм罣ͨıԴҶ沢뱩¶ԸĪˮʱöơ
һʼ䣬ĪˮȫϵٶԣѹҶ򣬲ҶӽҶκηĻᡣ
Ǽ峤ĪˮƶĲԣһҶ濪ʼǾʹš
Ī֣׷Ϭ
УҶһѱ׹𷢺ڵͷ
ǺǣҶ֣иϬģ
𣬵Ҫ˵Ī֣ĺ˵Ϊֹ
˫ͬӰʮӡӡҶǰ֣ҶĳӡûзɳķٵҶͷ⻪š
ʱҶ˫һŵأһ֦һĪˮȥӡҶͷתţ֮׹⾡ɢ
Ҷ߶ӡĪˮȴǼˣһڱԴѪ׽ϵ׹Ⱪ࣬ŵ׹˲ؽ֯˷ΧҶ档

ŵ׹кΧ֯ɣ˲ϢһޱȵҪǣŵ׹⽻֯ͨѹһ׹ףǾŵ׹ʱһģȻӡ⻪ţҲ޷˲ơ
οҶǰĪˮе׽һͣһһ۴ϸ׹ⲻͣĲ䵽׹֮ϡ
һĻɽׯλϣһˣҶͷ㱻ѹסսˡ
ͬʱһã񱩵Ϣɽׯλɫ䡣
һɫָͻأشеֱ֮ϡ
꣡
һʱϣֱҶΣٴγ
䣡
ͻأĪˮ׽׹һգ˫Ͷ״ոճ嵽Īˮʮ֮ڵҶ棬ֱӴɵֱһһѪ絽Īˮϵĳ嶯
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ҶƴƴͻĪˮѹƣҪʼŰŰĪˮʱͻȻͣս
ǸоŮ֮£ǰϷˣ֮ʣŮȴҪˣǵжƣ
Ҷھָо
ĪˮͶ̬ҶֲסЩ²֡
ٺ٣Ҷʵǿ彻һѹƲסҶ֣Ҷֽʮңʱ䣡

þ
ȻһʤˣһǰܲˣһʤˬҶĪˮͷץٱһ٣
ҶսĪˮҶʤһҶֻ㬵³Īˮȴͷ亹
ţѾӦҶ깥һ㣬ûǸ˫ͶĶƣҶ깥ͻȥ
ˣս¶ҪܵӰ졣
ֵһйսߴ󺰹񫣬ڶҲڴ֡
죬ҲõǾսʱˣҰԭĻУ͸¶һ䣬Ǹо·ʲôһ㡣
һṳ̈ͷ̨ȻʱѹƲûٺתΪʦԭ򣬸ϼˡ
սƾ𣿡
ԣ
ͷ̨ϣҰԭⱩδУһȭݺݵĺ˵棬ĵشҰԭһңɢͷ̨˷
˺ͷ̨Ϸշе͵׹ף֮󣬲סΣɵɫ䡣
ͬʱɫҲǴ䣬һƮ𣬿ǣһͿƮƮķ𣬵ڣ··׹ǧһ㣬αûޱȡ
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ƷĲ죬ҰԭĵشһƵøոշĲص棬Ұԭ
ǣص֮󣬲ŷ֣иֲ
Խӽ棬Խαûޱȣٶȼһࡣ£켸ҰԭĻӡ
Ҫǣڵش£Ұԭٶȣޱȣڵϵʱ
΢΢һⱬ֮ʣҰԭξڵһٶȣȴ龳ߵķٶȻҪ졣
شƴӲֻܶΪսĲֱѪ
˺ͷ̨һߣҶȴһ¡
أҶ濴Ұԭٴһȭ䵽˺ͷ̨֮ϣĵشٴɢ˺ͷ̨
ʮϢ
ҰԭĵشһʩչֻάʮϢȻҪȥ͵ʩչ
óۣҶһ
ҪȻҰԭĵشֲ̫ˣƵս֮ˡˣҲս֮ˣҶİɽ֮֮ͬ
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ѣٴʩչ˻ӰƣֻǣĻӰֻ
˵ǣ컯ĻӰܵشӰ죬ܹٵƶ
ǣӰʼǻӰ
Ұԭڵشϣ컯ӰûдڼϢͱҰԭٶȸˡ
ݣ
Ұԭŵĵش·һŤϣĴӲĽŤϡ
꣡
ĹĴ
ҡ䣡
һߵĺ֡
ûҰԭҲܱƵò֡һˣȴǸޣԵʣֻܵӦԣֹǱ
ǣҰԭĹûŲĺֶֹͣ
شţŲʺȥĻʼҰԭĵشѹ£ٵ˸ֱ顣
󵨣
ˣ
һΣְ˺ͷ̨Ĳˣһ𣬽ɳһϼ⣬Ұԭĵشʱ
ȿȿȣ
ҵĿ
ŵһ˲䣬һֱֺĸоһɲǣо֮
һɲǣ췢֣ҰԭҪɱǱ䡣
Ų챻ϼ£Ұԭʧ
һ㡭
Ұԭ´λڶ£ףὫֱŵأУҰԭ
Ұԭ·δһ㣬ͷҲδصԾͷ̨һر࣬޿κΣ

Ҷ泤óһһսסҰԭҲٴα¶ʵǵشʩչó뻯
ģ˵к֣Ұԭ֣򲻿ɴ⡣
ҶԼ
һ
Χڰ˺ͷ̨ܹսߣɢȥ˲١
Ϊ˺ͷ̨ıѾûɶ˼в¸˫ް϶䣡


366 ٴαһзŵĻ˫
һıϦʱ
ǰʮĵһС鵱УȻ˵ҶͬΪʤ˫սʤһǣȴûκ˻һģһǲ뻨˫
Ҷ涥ˣҰԭߵĶѣҶõս
һ㣬ڵĶϼƳ߳뾰ɡ
ţĿǰȥԲҶսҪϼƳһʧ˷ܡ
λϺ˷ܣս̫洫÷ԪԣҲ˷ܡŵǿ󣬻ŵʵǣȻҲǳ
ҶЩɻ
ǺѣѵŲʲô츲صı仯
һսУ÷Ԫʤĸ÷ԪǵʮʮڵսӦʮҡ
÷ԪԵ˵ӦаմʤӦÿʮҡ
һսʤаʤĳǣڵһ飬ǵʮźŵʮ
Ҳ˵ʤٶ࣬Ҳʮҡ
붨ָΪţı䣬һܳ⣡
Ӱ˰ɣûôõս˰ɣ
ֹ갡
ţҲû¹һߵڶ۲ǺһǵڶǶǧõĳɼ
ϧͿǣǲμӺĻǰӦҲû⣬ϧ
úõʲôƳһ뾰
Ϳǡ
Ҷ̾һͻЩ֪ͿǵǺεȵţ

ҹͻ䡣
ԭǶҹǵ˺ҹƹ¶轵ɽ¥֮ơ
¶ȵı仯Ϊߴﻯ龳ߣѹûκӰ졣
ǣƹ֮ʣһϥͻس𣬿Źƣ̾ϧ˷ܡ
ڶ죬ѹǺھС
ʮλͷִ̨·Ͽգֺʽʼ
ҶҲڴʱֱͷ̨׼սˡ
ҶҪսʮλߣѾսˣ컹Ҫս˵УҶս
ˣҶԣûκ
һҰԭ֣һ뻨˫ս
ˣǿ֣ɲҶȫԸҲǼ
ҶļƻҶ׼ڽĵһսҰԭһʱս˫İţҰԭսĹˣǵȵ뻨˫սʱҲָܻ߰˰˵ġ
ǣҶ죬˱Ҷ졣
һĪˮ̤ϰ˺ͷ̨һ˵緢
˫ɽׯĪˮ̸УĪˮ˵
ţ
˫Уһ˿⡣
⣬ĪˮʵҰԭ࣬ҰԭҪһɣӦʱ䡣
ھȻս;Բ䡣
ȻսǱӾָ㼸У
һҹ˯ߣڼҴķϣ˫ƻָ˰˳ϣȻûȫãǾԲӰսеķӡ
仰˵һҹϢ󣬻˫սѾ׵Ļָ
ԭһзŵĴ׵Ļָ˹µһӵʣſ
˫д˵Īˮһ˿
սǣЩϲ֧Īˮķȵǣüͷ
ĪׯҪʲô
һҹָĳ澫Ҫ˷ѵսʤĻ˫𣿡
ⲻ·𣿡
Īˮޱȵ飬Ҷ濴˿ѹգ֪ôģֲĸо
룡
Īˮһ֣˫Īˮ֮Ĵսʱʼ
һ֣˫ˮɫμĺ֡Ҷϵãǻ˫þųʵҵĺֲ֣ޱȣӲѹ޿ܡ
ˮɫĺһеɫҲЩţԺƸһĨϼɳʱͷ̨ΧһϼػԷˡ
Īˮǻĳ˳ʵ߶ĺ֣ܽ£Ҳǿ뱾һݵʸǽӲ£㻹ǳ
ǻ˫һ죬һͱһзŵһ졣죬˫׼
úõһµһӵ
սĪˮĶ
׼УоͽĪˮŵ
˫ĿٴĪˮЦ
ĪˮԸӦõˮɫ̺ĿֲǳľˣҪǺѽµģǿ£Ҳʱսܣǽ𣬲һ
칫
׽׹˸ʮɳ׹⣬ǣ׹⣬ȴǳգĺ֡
¡¡
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Уһ׹Ʋ·һı߽һ㡣
ͬʱĪˮ£ޱȵ
к׹⣬·ҵ˹һ㣬Īˮܲ۶
˵׹⣬Īˮط£տй¡
ʱأĪˮе׽һָ
䣡
ˮͰϸ׹⣬һпϣ֣һβϰ׳׹Ŀֲùս߸˲ѡ
ֵģҪĪˮͷϵİ˺̨
ڿ׹йµɲǣһ˲˰ףһ˲佫ϵκδŵоϢĶȫս˴ָָҲһˣɫرò԰ײѡ
ҿţ
ҿ׹ĪˮҪȻǵһġ
㲻Ҳǰ
̣
·ͨѩһ㣬ˮͰֵ׹ֱĺˮɫĺ֮ϣǺеˮϵǿֲ׹ֱ
ֱ𣬻˷ɻңӦеĵڶر仯ˮ׶δ֣ͱֱ
ˮͰϸ׹£˫ֱɵˡ
񣬿һ˲䶼ûС
ܵģ˫Ļƺ»һ⻪ʱ̫ˣҶѹ塣
ͬʱˮɫԴݹ̬ˮͰֵ׹⣬ͳŻ˫Դйȥ
ϰ׳β͵׹⣬йһ㣬й˻˫Դ֮ϡ

˫Ļ˸˼£ٵ
һӨӨĹ⻪ӻ˫ٵӿ˳Կǿֲ׹⡣
ǣӨӨıҲڼٵĥţٵšǣӨӨı⣬Ȼģ⻪·𣬷·ʲôԴٵĲš
Ʒף
ȻƷף
һЩʶ߾
ǣĪˮµ׹ֲ̫̫̫ȻϿڱ׵ķ⣬ҲֻϢ˲
ǰܿ
ʣ׹ˮһʧȥ˷Ļ˫ͷ£˫һƺߣʱԵڵأ²ѣ
˫ٴαĪˮһиɴķŵ
ͬʱҵĻܼѾһּĿ޺ӣ


367 ˥
УĪˮֳ׽ͷ׹˸״
˺ͷ̨ϣĻ˫Ѿһؽ̿˶֪Ǹǻ˫ƾģϲǰˣµһӻ˫
սˣеĻ꺣ߣɵ

ǿֲ
ǿľĿֲ
ҶЩѵĳ鶯һ£ĪˮһУֲ̫ˡ
ҿҶģҪҶĪˮ򣬳һϳͶ븡ָĻĪˮҪȻҶ³ֻȻ˫ҡ
˫Ʒ׻ҶûС
Ӣܣ򲻿СţҶ氵̾һ
ӡ
ܼ˵ڰ˺ͷ̨Χϼ֮ĻϣĿţȥǳҲûǰģ
ôҲ벻µһӻ˫ս˫µһӻ˫ȻںУλߣһзŵ
ߵ磬̫Σˣ̫Σˣǻںãڰȫţһ̣ܼĵͻͷеѡ񣬺޲ػȡ
ܼҵĿ޺æ߶ƣɢȥϼĻһɲǣܼѾԼҹӡ
ӣ
ӡ
һһѻҰ
˫ϣȫǷɻҡ
ܼһѲȥɻ֮£Ȼ¶˻˫зڵƤȥƤãֻ壬ڲͣĳ鴤š
ܼҼԼ彫˫ϲдĵ˳ϸַȥ˻˫ϵķɻҡ
ǻ˫ë׹
˫ûбһֻޣ
һںڵıȥӦþǼƷף
ţãӻţ
̽˫Ϣܼϲ˲ľԼҹӱ𣬱ϻҵҩΡ
꣡
ɲǣ˫ŵһ£ѣڵء
ܼһ㡣
ӵƷףȻˣ
ܼҵĪĳ鴤һ£ƷװǶϻҶԣƷҲǼı
УһĻĻ꺣ǣͬʱ鴤һ¡
ƷװһûĴΪ֮ƷףĪˮС
ͬʱ뿴һĪˮĪһ£
Ժ졢졢죬죬ҪСģܸһͻȻһ﷢ԻҪ
赲֣
УĪˮ²ѵĻ˫Щӡ
ʵľ׵СҲǿԵڵġ
ֻһ˫ͼŭĪˮĪˮһ֮£ǰֽ֡
ĪˮһҲڡ
֮ˡ
һСģಫ
ಫʱ˫ǾԲˡ

󷽣ڱҩĻ˫ˡ
һԼģٴλȥ
µһӣʱıһ˱ڻ⴫ȥ
ҵƷס
ӣˡ
顭ˡ˫Щʧ
Ʒף游͸Ļ屦Ʒڣǻ꺣۷ǿߵȫһҲԽΡ
ΪϱǶƷ龧ΪԴܹԶ䱦ģΪ
ȴˡ
Ʒˣȴһھͺá
ߣĪˮ
˫ؽҧһ̣޲õնɱĪˮ
ĪˮһУ˶ˡ
ֵһĪˮս˫Īˮʤ
սеĻ꺣ܣʮλŵصʱִǣϸԸֳһ˿ɡ̾ϧ顣
˫һαĪˮɴһзŵֻ˵һ顣
ϻҵ˥ܣ˥ܵĲһ㡣
˵˫һзŵǲµ̫ǿԵʡ
ôĪˮһзŵźܴ˳ɷ֡
ʱʲôʱƫƫĪˮս˫֮ǰ٣ⲻʲô
Ȼô˵еǣǿʱ飬йġ

ĪˮƮƮԾͷ̨ЩսߣʱĪˮÿһ··ʲôɷһ㡣
ЩδĪˮսߣʱֻһ뷨䣡
һϳ䣡
ʲôЦ
˫Ʒ׶ˡ
ȥģ¾ˡ
Īˮͷ̨ʱҶٴοͷ̨
һĻùսٴ˷
˵Ҷս˭Ұԭǻ˫
˵ڣҶս˫õʱҶս˫һڶ׵ġ
̫ܡ
ͷ̨ϣҶĿ⿴Ұԭ
Ұԭһ㣬漴󲽵̤ͷ̨
Ҷ棬ʱܹսңҺǣӻҪһɵðҰԭ̨ĵһ仰Щ㡣
ҶüͷѹŭûзҰԭġ
ʱӦս˫ȡʤǱ䣬εģнģҿֳӢʽı䣬ɵðɵðҰԭ˵
㲻Ҷ滺ҡҡͷ
Ӳƨֻ֪ʱ˫䣬ָܻһսˣ
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ԭѪǱҶ洢һŵĴƿ֮еģʱƿѾҺ壬Ѫ˸ѪɫĹ⻪ޱȡ
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һ䣬һӦ376£½ںűˡ


377 Ӱ
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ǣֲҶĵһ֮УһɫıԴƾյţѸٵ׳ŵһͨ

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378 ˮ黨֮
ʱҾ˵һμ֮ʣڣҶ汳ֵĻ˫Լɱ⣬ʼڡ
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µһӻ˫ҺܲϻҵĵҲǳ񣬵ǻ˫УȴûһҶ涯ĵġ
绨˫Ĵָ߸ףҲƷ䣬ǰҲǷǳģҶС
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ЩҶտյĴָһܴĲ䡣
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Ҳǣ˫ϵıڴǰУȫˡƷףƷŵϣȫѪȷı
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ΪҶ治뻨˫ųԹɱ˫ʵ
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Ӵ׻Ĳ˫֣Ŷס˺ɫʯڱĸ£ҶҲ˳ס
ҶţԲƷƷǿָںɫʯ鱬ҽ籩񹭶ܻȥҶ治òСġ
С֮࣬ҶСʯգ˫ĿĿ˷۲
һ·ϣҶͷֻ֣ҪʲôǿɫʯͻӦı仯̣صȵȡ
ɫɽ֮ʣɫʯͱụ̀ǲԶ
ͻأҶͫһ
Ϸﴦڹ졣
Сè
һ۶ҶµСèźڹ֮ȥ
һΣعҶһοֶ
Сèٶȼ죬Ϣʱ䣬Ҷ嵽˺ڹʮ֮⡣
ĺڹ⣬·ɢϼһ㣬ԾϢʱڣԭĺɫ⻪ķһźɫĹ⻪һźɫĹ⻪ԼԼ֮ŵļ
ؾ֮ţ
Ҷһһ㣬Ҷ淢ģǿ͵֮ԵһӰ


382 ʽ
죬ǡδ꣡
Ҷƾ֮ʣתԭ죬Ȼ𾪡ơһ˿־ĸһ˼䱯ϲһ㣬ڲַӳ
˵ʱˣҶ϶֮һڷǰ⴦ؾ֮ŵʱ
ںعڰ࣬ŷû뵽ûܳɹҶͳ
첻ɵЩ޻˫ܣôˣȻûгҶ涯֡
㡭ң
𣿡
ͬʱ˫ĴѾεؾ֮š
ݣ
ֲķƽɫؾ֮һնƾһͣ
оԼǼǵƽͷ亹ˢľˡ
Ҷֱǿˣ
ΪҶ֮һҶʵǳƽȴ֮ǰҶķƽǿɲֹ
ؾ֮ҷֵģҶ棬㲻޳ܵɣʼ
𣿡
Ѫôͣʬ𼣣ٵòɾɣҶָŲʮһźɫѪ˵
źɫѪϿ֤첢ǵһؾ֮ǰߣ֮ǰһѾնɱ
ȻЩҪ
ûѪڣؾ֮ţҶˡ
ΪģΪؾ֮ǡ췢ֵģ
ɫһ䣬Ѫ֮ǰˣ
ͻأҶЦЦУǳ
죬㲻ΪѪûϵҾͻȴǷŹɣ
ã㣬пܷŹ𣿡ҶЦ
㣿
һرҶ棬ĪΪһ㲻ɣΪعҵ似û𣿡
ƴѣ˭᣿
һȣǸ߳ƵĻڴӲ·ֻ˹һ㣬ɷ磬Ӱʱó
شģһ޴ĳʮɵĽɫԴ
Ӱݿһпɫ⣬켸۷ĺ巢谭޷赲ͷǵѪ޷Ŵ
۾صɴ
㡭ôܡôǿ
һɲǣͷһᣬʱ
ڷͷʢĻ洫ӡƾ죬ʹҶһɱ
ڽعʱҲӦþӰսľʵӦҲõһ̶ȵ
ΪʲôȻᱻҶһɱ
ԭܼ򵥣عߵӰսĻᣬĻ似磬ͨ׵˵ǹ˵ķһδ
ҪǣһĽҶʵͷĽҶĵһȱ
ҶĵһͨıԴǰͷǳǿŵһ׳Ҳǳɱӡ
ڱҶһɱҲ顣
ȻҪǣҶ治˷ʱ䡣
ȻܹҶҲܽȻĿǰعڵߣҲҶĶ֣ǻӰս似ǳ棬һ򣬾һ
Сèܾ䣡
Сè۲ʱҶ׼ƾʬ壬˵ƾ컹ܸһЩջ
ڵ洫ӣ߳ƾ죬Ƿʵ͡
Ҷ׼𽫲ʬ𼣵ʱҶĶͻһ٣һԼߵļƻʹ˸Ҷͷ
ڴ֮ǰ˫пܴһֱҶͷ
û취ֻҪ˫ˣ˶᱾ܵĻҶ棬ǻ˫ʸ־ҪɱҶһϵĻ˫ҶԣҲһ޴鷳
˫һѲ鷳Ҷϲһɿص鷳ԣ˫ˡ
Ż˫ϻȻӰҲͬһɽһѹҶͷϡ
Ҷȴҵ˽鷳
һᣬҶ潫Լƻǰϸ飬Žƾʬʱսһöָ֮С
ƻҪǳܵĲãҪҶһţڣҶҪȥ̽ؾ֮š

УСèһʾ˹ˣҶӽʱ䴦һкۼǰɱʱµһ̲Ѫ
˲ɱѣ£ɱ˵ΣǲҪҶκεģ񣬴ҶϻӰļƻҶͲòСĴˡ
Ҷ֣
ҶʱɽׯĪˮȿЦΪܹջ񣬵û뵽ҶѾһ֡
һͬ̽
Īˮ̽һ䡣
أ
Ҷһ仰ĪˮˣεĿ˿죬Īİϧһε뿪
ϧûơ
һ֣СèȭͷСҶĻʱҶһת̤˺ɫ֮š
Ҷʧںɫ֮ڣĪˮŵӰԶɽ֣Ҷһͬʧ֮ţĪˮ׵ˡ
Ȼļһ㣬ع֮ǳؾ֮ţֻһ˽ϧֻȥѰˣ
ٴΰ̾һĪˮεԶ룬һΣ뿪ˡ

ǵٴ쳹
ҶȴûмŹ۲ǿ˴ָкɫʯ飬ûбҽ籩
˵ǣһʣûɫʯҽ籩ȴСèٴη˰ۣ˹ȥ
ؾ֮ڣһһֻͷ޴սͷһͷײһɽʹ˷飬ײɽͷ޵һֻԴѪⱬݺݵײ˺
צβǰˣУһǳһ㣬ͷ޵ֻԴ˲Ϣ÷顣
𣡡
ͷ޷һŭĺѪⱬǣһѪɫߣһ˺޿һţѪӸˮһӿ˺
֮Ѫʱøɳ㣬ٴͷޣǳצβǰУһԴٴη顣
ǡ
ҶͷһǰӰ񶸵飬ȻͬһĻٴݣͷ޵Ӱ죬ٴݣС
һ似
Ҷһȫ߶ȫĹۿյӰ
һĻľ븡ƶҶѧḡָĸؾ࣬ȴȴȲϸؾˣĻɬ
Ҳ֪˶ãҶɵùԲ˫Ŀɬѵʱͻأǰһеݵͷ˫ǵĺҶУ֪ؾͱһ沿ģģĺߡ
ȭĹ켣ҶбޱȣҶ涯ϸĲʱһӵй·ߣҲǺϸ֡
˲Ϣ䣬һּ޵Ľ̵ǺߵĳȭҶԺг֡
β
צ
ȭ
УΪʽ


383 ߼ƻ
УɫĺһһʾźʽֻͷޣǱŰǧٱŰһ㣬һһıŰɱ
ʱһצ󱬣ʱһȳɣʱһȭԴҶչʾźʽ̺ľ塣
Ҷ漸ǿоչֳľ壬ÿһΣҶ涼Ųͬĸо
Ҷ治֪ؾʲôʱɢԣҶȫ֮࣬ѾļסչֵһĻĻԹպ
Ȼּ䣬ǽҶǳǿ£ܼסּ临̺⾳ĳ棬ҪȻ붼Ҫ롣
ΪʲôҪסԭܼ򵥣ҶĸоУʽǽӽָǸ似
һʽָҶ涼һ࣬ǸһָʽУÿһеǳ޴󣬺عһֻ졣
似ԲҶܹȫġ
ҶĲеĺͷħĹӰȴԽԽÿʾһ飬Ӱø
ʱˡ
ۣ
Ҷ˵꣬еĺͷħĹӰͬʱһѣҶֻоһɴо˾ͱ˳

űؾʧҶ滳еСèҲһĽҶعܾί
ҽؾ׶ˣ
СèίҶȴһؼɻ
ؾֻʱ䣬ڽؾ֮ǰҶѾʱ䣬ؾвУ߰գѹûʱУҶ治֪˶ʱ䡣
£Ҷǲʱģںع̽Ϳԣʱ䵽ˣںعͻὫҶͳȥ
ڣɡ
Ҷնɱƾ죬ҶпܰδϻӰĻᣬͰҶǰ
ˣںع̽ĻȻǳһֻôһΣǣҵڶϢϢصˡѵҲֻһΡ
ҲΪҵһ˽ȫӣϻҵԣҪ滳ɵϣ»Ὣŭйصϡ
ҪǣҶƻںع֮ɣ޷죬ܹܵ£ɹĿԷǳĸߡ
ǲںعɣҶƻʧһ롣
ɣƻ˵
Ҷ˲˾
Ϣ֮һҶзɳڿ΢΢һϣңԶϷͬʱҶ׼õǵʧķɶȥ
лڵڴ˵Ļͻ֣ᷢҶзɳĽ⣬ǻеĽ⡣
ҪҶĻеĽ⣬ܼ򵥣ƾĴָ
ʮϢ֮ǵⱻҶ׷ˣ˳ŷʧķ׷һ֮Ҷٴηɳһϵ⣬ٴ׷١

һһеĽ⣬洫ȴˣǳľᡣ
ϵãǴʦƾ췢Ľ⣬ҷѶУȵ˼
ջڵŹأκһŵǽӵͬŵĽ⣬Ӧ
ȵĽ⣬پԮӷȣһ֣ʱջΪš
ȻǳڵĲ񣬶һֻڻ˻˺ܶˡ
ڵŹȻҲûпӿ꣬롣
յˣ㲽첢֪յģ
ҲһҲһǧڸ·ǰɣ·ֵܹǲȣǸϲ
˵Ϊʲôڽӵ˲ȷѶ֮󣬲ԮҪǰֻҪӵķѶܵñӻҪ졣
ԭܼ򵥣ںϷ顣
ǰʮϣ벽һͬʦֱֵ䣬ȴΪԼǰ;˲һһƴ
ϧ˲죬ǣƴҲòˡ
ʱ𣬲֮䣬Ͳ
Ȼº⽫˽еһ𣬻һ뻯ţֻǲ۵׵ĺ⣬ȴЩ
ǣڵľᣬȻǲأ
յƾĵȵĽѶʱ򣬳׵סˡ
ҪûͬʦֵֵܷĻһɾˣڵڹֱ˱̬ͬżһϣûκαͨ
ĺع֮ڣڵĵӣɲֹ죬ٻλ
һżķһӦķǵأ͸˴ʦֲĽѶķƺ̫Զ
ƲУСèҶ棬յӦķѶ΢΢һ̣һ˿Цݣ쳣
Ϣƾʬ屻Ҷһ۽һ;һսɽߡ
ʬϣҲ˼ĪƣЩص㣬Ҫǣָϣֶһʽӿȥ䲻ĴָָϵĴָһԣȥá
϶ĴָҶԻ˫һöƷ䣬ڲöƷ䣬ʮֹ
ңҶȥģһöƷ䡣
öƷУ˫Ǹ׹ǻ˫ָеĴ󲿷ֲƻҶ涼˽ˡ
һƷһǧƷ龧һЩͨĵҩһĽ𶧣Ҷȫ˽ȥ
ҺƷ龧̫ĶҶҲûҷţЩǳǷϣݾߡ
֮⣬Ҷ潫öƷڵпŻ˫ۼĶȫˡ
ҪϵϳöƷˣҶƻʧˡ
ЩеĴָڵĶҶҲһûʲôûȡ
˵ʵҶΪƻͶÿģǸƷ䣬Ʒ龧Ĳƻеġ
úһУСèҶգǧ׵ĸ߿գСèαװʱҶҲʼȫϢһڸ߿յƲУϢĴ·ʬ塣

ʱ֮ѭŽѶӶ˫ʬʱǰһһûһͷԵڵϡ
Ҳֲ̫˰ɣ
ôһĹ򣬴ʦֲͱɵˡ
ͬʱըëһգĻ˸˼£еĽ²ʱ׼
£
¸ɵʦֲǸˣڸ
ǣ̬ķѲСʱ֮ȷһ£ܱû
̶ֳȵѰ£˲˶ԷǶԷѹͲҪ
ȻɫصĲ鿴Χʦֲϵơ
սʦһһս
۲һ֮»̼Ųʬ뿪
ʬ뿪ҲǻڵŹ֮һ
ͬпܵ£һҪͬŵʬߡ
߲ʬ壬ҶЦˣƻɹЦݻû֣סˡ
һĴָɢһȦ⣬ס˲ʬ塣
ޣʦֵĴָûժװȥ
ժִָ˲ˣΪڲϣһöָ
ʦֵĲ촢ָĸ
ôͻضһ
ˣŽͽǸδĴָ
Ȼˣ
Ʒ䣡
꺣϶ӵеƷ䣡
洫ӣӵеҲһöƷѡ
ȵǣ߻һǧƷ龧żֵƵĸɫҩƷ䣬ֵܼﵽʮƷ龧࣡
Ũṵ̂˲и֡
ƲУ˫ָԼָҶһ£漴Ӧд˲ƻĵһŵĻҪ
ֻǣԺҪùˣ
߼ƻһɣ


384 ɫʯ
һȻĻϵɽ
ڿ߲ʬ뻨˫Ĵָ֮ҶͼӦźɫʯڵںع̽
ľɽɽ֮ҶַһϵɽϵɽǼƷ龧ҶЩ졣
ѵعڣɽľˮϵ͵֮ɽ
ҶѾľϵɽˮϵɽûз֡
߲յ뷨Ҷ滨һʱʱ䣬龧ȻӦźɫʯڵĲ̽
һһɢſֲ֮İ׽ɽҶУ֤ҶƲ⡣
ΪֹһˮϵɽܹɽˣһԼԼĲ²⣬Ҷи֡
ȡ鼫Ʒ׽龧֮ҶٴθӦźɫʯڵĸ·
ҶĹ㣬ʱѾˡԽعмʱţѾ졣
Ҷ治֪ʽʱ˶ʱ䣬죬һ죬һ롣
ɷϣɫʯĹ죬ѾɹĹҶĺģҶǳ֪ɫʯ鵽عʲôϵʲôأȻܹǳɽ𶯣
һҶһɢſֲѹء
̤صһɲǣҶ͸оһĪѹ٣ѹֺܶ
Сèڽӽ֮ǰͷŰۻ˹ȥ
޷Ҷٶжˣֻʼޱ޼ʵзɳۡ
ҶأҶеĺɫʯԽԽ̣ģȴԽԽᣬԼԼһڿշĸо
ǣ
ͻأ˶ĿҶҰУʮͷͻأس
ֱĳ֣Ҷŷ֣أͷգƺҲصһ֡
ǸоǸһ㡣
ֵɲǣҶеĺɫʯ½һ𣬵Ƿ˶ĳһ㣬ԾԾ޷
ͬʱһּǿҵͻشҶеĺɫʯ֡ع飡
Ҫع飡
һҶһҶûнɫʯӳȥ
ģ
ǰɫʯ龹Ȼ൵ڻ
ţ
ͻأҶ͵תһĿɨ䲻ѣѰûκη֮Żת
ڵңֻþ𣿡
ҶЩɻ󣬾ڷţҶͻһֱĿעӵĸоͷ鿴ȴʲôû֡
Ҷ֮ʣҶʮ⣬һźĿǵӰұϸ֡
ӰԽԽ棬ģȻҶںˮŸһ۵ϱ
ʱϱȴӰĿȴһ˪һ㣬ɣǣ䣬ǵ˫ĿУƺһ˿ϣ
ҼǵãǰǸСһߵһ֮󣬾ߵյ㣬֪Сһܲܿһ
ãã֪챦š
ϱĵ·εĲһ㣬ǰҶ澹ȻδţǴĶеĺɫʯ飬鸴ӡ
ɫʯ·һ㣬ҶϢǳ׼ȷҪع顣
߶ԣⲢһ׾⡣
ÿһߣղãһȱ˵һˡ
ҪǣĿǰɫʯıɫʯ飬һ챦ߵĻ˵֮㻹òˣǾΪ
ˣ֪챦ͳȥͳȥ֮󣬽δ
ô죿
ͳȥʲôûأ
ˮһգ
Ǵأ
ЩӦÿһ߶Ҫģһѵľ
ǣҶԣЩ⣬ʵһԶģҶıģ˿̻Ǻ棡
Ҷ֪ɫʯ鵽ʲôı
ҶһֱӦɫʯĲ׷ԭ
ԣֻǻһɲǣҶͶˡ
˫΢΢һУͷ·ɫʯһ˫һ㣬ɫʯ
ݣ
ĺɫʯٶȶؼӿ죬·ʲôһ㣬ֱɶǸ
꣡
·ںϵһ㣬ɫʯ鶸ؿߵǸտϣɫĹ⻪һһʲ
۾
ⲻ۾𣿡
ͷҶĵɲǣĻش˷ɲǣأҵ
ǣ𶯣Ҷ澹ȻܹӦһˡ
ףѹûˣ
ֱ˿̣Ҷŷ֣鲼صֺܶѹƣȻƾʧˡ
ͬʱعڣľɽɽɽɽϿڣͬʱ˷
ʱ쳹عںع̽ĺǣֱӴסˣλڽɱߣҲΪ˷Īֹͣս
ڼǸһĺɫʯЩӲתţ·Ӧʲôһ㡣
ɫ飬ǰҶζһ
ˣ
عʵǺ˵еĺڲɫɽӦǺĸΣľɽθθ𣬸𣡡
ˣԭˣԭˣֲûκԭ˵еĺѾ䡭
ǡ䡯ֳڵɲǣոջعĺۣͻһתڰ׷ͫ͵ضסҶ档

֮ٴ
֮һɫĹסҶȫһɲǣסҶĺɫ⻪ˮһҶڡ
ɫ壬һֱͨӿҶһ㣬Ҷ۾һ͹ֱ˹ȥ
ͬʱҶؿѨ鶸ع⻪ţǹ⻪ֵɲǣӿҶĺڹ⣬Ƿʲôֲ׷ױãһط
⡭ôܣ
ҶϱӰͻعڴţĿ͹š
ô
ϱľ̾УԴԴϵĺɫҶ棬Ҷĳ
ϱҲûз֣ҶĻУһСͣ䶯š
ÿÿ䶯һ£һ˿ͷ˿ϸĺڹ⣬ͻӿСèڣӿҶڵĺɫ⻪ǳϡ٣ǣȴڼᶨţ

ŵڣʱѹֲǰֹսߣѾǰ뿪ˣںŵڵߣ󲿷ȫǻ꺣Ĵܡ
ȫ׼ԼϰӻڵĻ꺣ܡ
ϾֻҪܹɱߣ˴λת֮󣬶صĵӣٿһ㣬ÿһλδż嶥ɵðȫĻͻڡ
ʦ֣ʱѵˣǿҪ˰ɣǲ֪ǣջΣǧӥЩʵĿʱʱĿһ˾ۼһʵЩȲˡ
ǧӥʣеĿ⣬
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣھϵţҲŵ伮ȫţȻ֪š
ӥżʦֵһˣջ϶ˡ
Ȼ˵ŵؿֻʱ䣬Ϊ˼ͬ˱ͳʱ䣬ȴǰк󣬵ȵȰɡ
ˣ
쿴ˣ
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385 
Σζȳˣ
ŵиֵӰϲæΧȥζջΣһˣ͵ʵ
һЦȴŻش߻׷ʣȴͬĿֹߣȻؼңûջһ˿϶ۻˣ
εЦݿԿ϶ջġԣˣٶ뿪ŵأ̤˹ҵ·;
Ϊʲôôԭܼ򵥡
ܹɱߣڴоԶšҵȵȣЩô괫Ŵ۸ӵĹϵ
ңŵж
һʹѷһ֣ÿһĺ֮󣬶кöżûжš
һĺϰߣȻ˺عǷγɳΪ¡
ԣе壬ڿԼҵĵӳ֮󣬶ڵһʱ뿪ж죬߶졣
Ȼ壬ȴڵȴԼҵĵӿ֣ڵļλ꺣Ҳ⣬Ȼѹ˻ǣȴ֪Լҵӵ״ںعڣкξ
ͻأһһ
ף죬ˣ
ջΣ
ǧӥһֵɲǣӥץСһ㣬ܵ˵ǰ׷ʡ
ʵǧӥ氡
ŵǲμӹ⴫˵еĺعǻڴ˵ɴûȥ
ǧӥ׷ʣһ˿ϲɫգջУ٣һ˺ع֮Уսɡ
컹ţڷǳܹһֱѹͷƾ졣
һ𲽳죬ɫʱˡ
£뾡Ļرλϡ
λϣȻƧ֮˵һء
ǧӥλڳͬʱһϲдջ񰡡
ǣһ䡢ȴ˵ջʱ˵ɫͬʱýӲޱȡ
죿
ô£ô
˭˭ɵģ
ɫ˲ͱûҰײѣʧ̫ˡ
ƾ죬ǻһĶȻʬ壡
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ͻأԲüؾһ£ͷ·˯оһ㣬˲Ϣͷ亹
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ʱɫϼɳŵٴεضɽҡ𶯼䣬ŵٴγ˵صһߡ
𶯼䣬ǳɱۼҲʧ


389 
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ڵκһӣų⣬ˣ̷ͷ飬תš
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ת֮κβ˲뿪ɽŰ벽뿪ߣʱڣ
ʮ֮󣬼̷ɽ꣬κˣóڡ
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ڣնЩţȻֻЩ֪ԵɵĵӵķӦ
֪ԵЩϵǣϲЦտ޲ýԼļ˶ڵɽš
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Ȼ˵ļӳ֣ѹҪҶʲô飬Ź澭ԣҶʲô͸ʲôֻҪ뿪ھͳɡ
ҶȻǾסŮϡ
ֻһ죬ɽΧĸɽͷ䣬;ۼϰλͬʦֵܣ೤ǡ
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ʮ죬ڵͻ죬ʱ˭Ҳ֪顣
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ҶΪʲô
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ԭհ״ֻ̬Ѫĵڶ츳ѪŨīĴɫߺɫ⻪ת·ڱʯһ㡣
Ҷþǣڶ츳Ѫĳȣֱһء
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ҶΪɫ츳Ѫ˵ǻĳͨУǵһĽͨһ㡣
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ңҶ֪УֻлͨУܽͨıԴ츳ѪѸ׳
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תۼ䣬һµʱ۾͹ڳʵЩ˵Ҷ棬߳ԼǸľľң׼ȥ޳ڹ䡣
ȻҪԭǣҶ滹вʮʱҪ뿪ˣ뿪޳֮Ҷ׼ϼһˡ
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죬㣡٣Сǣ湻ģ
ɲ𣬲ôܹӿء
Цţţɡ
ǡÿһĻҶ棬һس
վţ


392 Ů
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Ϊµĵ飬ҶӰļҵҩóɫѾˣ̶ѾˣҶĸ飬ֻʹˡ
һҹ޻ڶϣҶʹҴ뿪ڳǣ׼޳ڲɹЩ
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ҪҶ½磬϶Ҫǰ̽ӵɢҶԾ׼׼һЩõһЩ
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󣬾ˣҹ
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396 ˭ڣ
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֮ɱҶĳϣ˲Ϣһĺ˪һ˲Ϣ䱻У

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397 ѵ
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ҶɽǰĺȻΪһ֣ü
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츳Ѫ


399 ɽ
츳Ѫ
ҩΪϣ԰ĵرΪҩطʦƵľ䡣֮󣬿µߣһ츳Ѫ
̶̵ļ֣Ҷ۾ֱˣҲҶ˾κˡ
ֵǣҶ濴Щһʱ뵽ǿ۸񣬶뵽˸ƶеĸӵľʡ
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Ϊ۸ԶﶼֻҪȥˣǡ
ǵ֪׵Զ룬޶֮ʱ˵°꣬Ǽ죬ܲˡ
Ҷھָо
һֱҶԵĴڸУ̫ǿҶصŮʱ򣬲ǻںʵʱҶǰ
ҶΣֻǿҶȥĳһǴڲϷġ
Ҷ汾Ϊ뿪ˣ޷ܵӰ졣
Ҷ淢֣ˡ
뿪ˣ֪ϰߡ
ŮʱҶÿ쾲ϣܻһҺ
ȻҲС
µŮҶ澲ϵʱ򣬶ҶһҺǲµķԸ
˵¸һָߴٶƿҺҶһֱڣЩҺҲһʱˡ
ǣǲϰߡ
ҺһҺȴѾǲ¡
ϵһˮÿڴߵϴøɾ£ĸɫɽʱһģһ
һģˡ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷͷ֣Ӷǲ¡
Ҷ֪һ߶ԣ״̬ǲħ߻ħĲס
ҶȴƲס
ҶһһĸԼٲ˼ǻ᲻롣
ʱҶ˲µѴ
ֲ룬ȴ޷Ƶĸо
ҶΨһҵķǣȫͶ붼֮УֻУܹݵȴ¡
ǺҶ濪ʼһֽ
죬似ʽʽþе˼ʽ
ʽˣƽͲָ
Ҷ潫Լÿһեɾ֮۷꣬͵ڵأʼ޳澭Ĵս塣
һʮʱǰӶĳԷˮʱ䣬Ҷ漸ȫ
ޣ
ŰʽĿޡ
ŰʽĿУÿһ죬ҶΪͻͽ
ڣΪгɵ洫ӣųϣһЩ龳ĵӣܸӦŮһ̲ͣϢ
ûĹŹ澭Ҷˡ
Ҷ棬ޣò˼ʱ䣬壬ͻȫĿ͸֧ǱֻҪһ£ͻ;ƿݡ
Ҷ棬ףµ뿪Ĵ
ţ㲻˵ˣʮ֮һ᲻;ƿݣŹ澭٣ҶҲûֹͣ
ʮźˣ
ţû裬Լʲô
еҶ棬侲Ź澭ɻѡڹ澭ĸӦѾһҹ߲ݵҶ棬״Ȼõĳ棬Բ洫Ӳ
֮Ź澭ε뿪ˣֻǣҶȭ磬˿ͣ
ҶԼԣз裬Ҳǳ֪ʲô
Ҷ֪²õ뿪
ֻǲħ˺ǡ
Ҫǣ»
Ҷڣֻһʱ޷ܲͻȻ뿪
壬ҶκθںԼ塣
һ¹ǿһϵҶ棬ǳЦ
Ҷ֮˷ĽŰʽԼԼԼħİգʵת
ϻҵĵϵ˻˫õĻָת
תȻΪҪǿٻָġ˵ꡣ
ָͬʱĻָҲǷǳǿ󣬼ѷĻָ
֪ԣеҩҩƷܹٻָҺҲֻǼӿָḶֱ́ӻָ
ָѵķʽ˯ߡ
תͨضĺƵʣӰȫⶼһֽ̥Ϣļ˯С
ȫ£һּȻȻ״̬
Ǹ̥һ㣬޵УȻ˯ȫеɢ֪޾ʢ
״̬£Ļָʮʮ
ҶĿǰ״ֻ̬תǿתǻָЧѾﵽϢʮ
仰˵Ҷ˯һʱ൱˯һ졣£ҶΪߣһֻҪϢʱ͡
Ҷ棬ֻҪתת״̬Сʱָܹ͡
ԣҶŰʽĿޣ״ûκ⡣
ֹˣҶתתԽò˶೤ʱ䣬ܴﵽϢתת
תĻָ״̬£ָͨߵʮ
ʱǴ֣
һҪɰÿôһ򴸣ҪǸʱ䡣
ÿܹô򴸣ֻҪʱ䡣
Ҳˡ
֮£ͻʵı仯
ԭκһ߶ԣ龳һʱľ硣
ǰ龳Ԫһϡҩ֮£ܹһ硣
ǻ龳ɡ
ҶڼӵһӦԴ£ҲҪһ̡
ٶԴԴҲֻܽʱһ̶ȣԲһ͡
£һߴӻ龳ػǾͻƵ龳ػ죬ҲҪʱ䡣
һЩߣԽʱ̵һ롣
ЩԴӦ£Խʱ̵һꡣ
һʱ䣬ѾǼˡ
ڵļأĿɽʦӻ龳ػǾͻƵ龳ػҲһһʱ䡣
ǣҶﻩĹǱŮԶԶʱ䣬һֱĬĬĹעҶڵšڶ೤ǣ뾪ˡ
Ÿ²Ÿµʱ䣡
ʱڵĳѾľӸͻƣҶ治Ÿµʱ佫Ϊӻ龳ͻƵ龳ء
ʵһѡ
ûĽ
еģֻǺ棡
ǵĵҲҶǰ޽ʱ䣬˵Ҳܹٴͻƣһѡ
Ϊδͻƣͳ׵泹ˣ
˶ں棬Ҷ浽ʲôطʲô鵤ҩַļǴݲԼĿ޳ģ
ŮϣҶǱס
ǱУƸֳֳɫĹͣĳҶĸּ޶
ǰ޷ڰϢ֮ɵĺʽһʽβҲƺܹסˡ
η·һĿ˦ˮһ˫ȿӿһƬӰ֮УҶ˫ʼ
ٴ߶֮£Ҷ˫ȣ˲ϢʮΣ״ɵĹڳסָǿȵĿ
תҶϢһĽӺп

һʵĺ쳹ͬʱֵģһȥĳ׵ĳɫӰ
ģһ˦β
٣
β֮£ʼѹեǱһ졣
βɹĿ˦ɲǣҶüëһһ˿֮ɫҶü両֡
ڷţҶĸӦһֱ޶ĵڶѾɺɫ츳Ѫˣ


404 ˭˭
䣡
β֮£һԲʮ׵СͷػΪʯۣò顣
ʽĵһʽβɴ˿ɼһߡ
˾˵ƣȴûҶע˿
ʱҶ棬Ĵʯ£ǵûͷ
ǣȴӿһ˿ϲɫ
ϣ
Ҷ濴ǻĵڶ츳Ѫϣ
ڷţҶɹʩչʮĺβ֮ʣҶ汻Ĺ⻪ռݵĵڶڹ츳ѪͻȻһ˿Ĳ
ʱܶݣһ
һɲǣҶȴĸӦˡ
ڶڹ츳Ѫʽϵ
һɲǣҶٴοֻһΣҶȴǷա
ǵȲ»һҶٵϲŮ壬ǾͲˡ

䣡
ݣ
ģβצ˺ѿ󱬿ͣҶϵ飬ҲԽԽƶ
£ҶѾȷˡ
ȻҶĿǰ޷ʽȭʩչѾȷʽĵڶڹ츳Ѫȷʵϵ
ÿһγɹʩչʽڶڹ츳Ѫвһ˿΢Ĳ·Ӧһ㡣
ǣ˿ڶڹ츳Ѫ΢ȻܹҶСָǶʽĲ
ڶڹ츳Ѫ΢һʦһ㣬ÿһΣָһ˿
ÿһΣҶʽһ˿΢Ľ
Ȼ󣬵ֻҪȥǽǾ˵ġ
Ȼ
ҶԺУ۹⻪ɵһɲǣֶظ֡
ԶλңңĹۿŮ壬Ź澭·ϼƳ뾰˾㶼ڴˡ
ţҶʩչ似Σ֮ӦþҶںعõĺôˣȥʵ
Ϸôָо似пܱϷѹ׵ĵؽƷ似黹ҪǿϼƳ˵
ԣŹ澭·˶Ц
Ƴϣпܣǿ϶Ź澭˵
ֹ似ҶʩչĸָӡҪǿ
·ҲЦұϷǼѹ׵ؼҲҪǿҿҶΪŻ龳أҪҶΪܹͻƵ꺣û꺣أֻҪ꺣һصΪʱ򣬶Ըǣնвһ㡣
ôǿܸͨ似ˣϼƳһ
ȻȲͨ似Ҳ˶ˣǷʩչβѾԼԼĸӦһ˿ͨ似Ϣ֣
Ź澭һĲ죬ͨ似ϢǳƫƫС
ǣͨ似Ϣ΢ҲֻǿϲţȴΪ龳صҶϡ
Ҷ͸ܻ
ܿعߣȻ룬Ҷ滹һ۵ӣ˭뵽˳ɾͣ
ǰ˭Ҳ벻ŵ˥Ȼڳ۵ӵҶ档
·ϼƳĸ̾Ź澭üͷͻһ
ӳϣگڵ۵Ӵֱӷͬһʱڸ۵ӽߣŵӴ
ŷּ
߳뾰ӦһƮȻԶȥ
ҶҲ벻еı֣Ȼʮ۵˴ĸ
ڵͶ룬Ҳûջģڵ۵֮УһλѷҶŵӣ
ȻǺˡ

ºҶڽŰʽĿޣ
ʽǰʽԽԽ죬֮£ʽȭҲС֮
ݣ
ͻȻ䣬ҶʽȭʱһǰĽ⣬شӷɳֱҶ档
ɲǣҶͷ֡
ڱȻȭʶģһȭ

һȭӰشҶȭͷϷɳǵɫĽݺݵײһ
·ѩһ㡣
ȭȭӰڱɫ֮£ɷ飬Ҷ汾ˣǱɫĽʮԶ
ߣ̫̫ۣ̫ã
һ࣬޳ôɹ
ηɰҶĶ䣬ɫĽ⻮һµĻι켣Ҷ漲̶
֮Գɱ
ҶһУηɰ׵ٴ
֮ȭƣߵǸ֮·һ̺֮СǸͻԣȭ⡣
ֻнȭȭⷢӵ£ܷӳȭҲܽɱС
ҪȻ͵űŰɣ
߳УҶͷһݣٴγȭģҶٴαηɰ׵Ľס
ҪǣǳڣֱɱҶ档
ηɰ׵ĽƵķǳֻǺҶ棬ȴֲҶ棬ʹ᲻ˡ
Ȼηɰ׵ĹҲǼꡣ
ÿһιҶһʱ䡣

Ҷŭٴγȭ
̫ã̫û֪ʲôаҪҪ̽ʲôа

ˢ
һɲǣηɰһͽƲйսĶϼƳˣɽףȻöϼƳ˵Ļ˵ˡ
ûͽа

ηɰ׵ŭ߳ɽڵҶĺȭȴԽԽ
ηɰ׵ָÿһγȭеڶɫ츳Ѫһ˿زҶ
ÿһȭҶ
Ҷ˫Ŀ˪һȭȻһ˭İ֮С

ɵȭӰƿնƿҲΪȭӰ״ԼԼһ˿֮
꣡
ηɰ׵齣ʼ飬Ҷĺȭ
Ҳ̫Ŀ˰ɣƲУϼƳһֿڡ
ҶĺȭηɰƵķ飬ڣȻܹ齣ˡ
ߣһȭӣӦáǿܾסġˣ
һɲǣ˵ͬʱҶҪǣÿһĳȣࡣ
Ҷ˲Ͳˡ
Ҷ治ˣŮ帽սڵĳǣҲˡ

⻪Ҵܣ
һʱ䣬ڵĳǣжԶԶ
̬ɲԽԽ̬ˡ


Ź澭ֳһɫСӣһǡ
ӴһɫĹĻͬ˰ɢס¡
ȻڽսҶηɰ׳⡣
Ź澭߶ػĻǳɵĽڽսҶηɰ׸⡣
ۣ
Ҷĳ˲Ϣ䱻гɲǣҶɫˢľͰˣڵҶ̲סײ
ģҶȻ
㵱ﰮģСｫòΣηɰײ֪ιʣͻȻ䱩ˡ
ͣ
Ҷʧԭأܹηɰ׵һ
һɲǣһѪ⻪شͷ亹Ҷ滳зɳҶڣҶƶرǡ
ߣսս˭˭
ŭУһɫβؿηɰף


405 
ɽĽХţи죬Ҷ
ٴδ˷Ľ⣬Ҷ۾һɣ׵ķ˰ۡ
˲һɣҶʹʳûˣɣ
ͬʱʮ⼸ҶıǼҶļƷ˿˳Ҷһ˪
ôˣηɰЩԶ
Ĺˣ벻˶ɡ
ҶΣηɰ״սʱڵѾեһ˿ʣ⻹ǸոͻƵ龳ص¡
Ȼд衣
ʵսƾ赤ҩ龧ֶλָ£ηɰٴսʱҲǿԵġ
ǣҶټְʱһʱҲûκȡʤĿܡ
ҶѾսѪ졣
ֱڣҶΪʲôڵĳǣһηɰɲĳƺţ¶ɵ֮ɫ
սʵֲ
Ȼ˵Ҷ沢ûжƴõıԴǣηɰ׵ʵĸࡣ
˵ηɰҶĿǰĻ꺣ǿǿһλս֮ڵǧӥҪǿһ㡣
Ҳ
ǰηɰ׾ܸΪߴ꺣صĳϺ뽭Ŷԣú뽭ɵ쳣ײǡ
˵ˡ
Ҷ䣬Ϯηɰ׶طҶͷСһҶ棬ӽŮ塣
ߣˣȾȥ
أ
һˮͰСľ̳͵ظ鵽ҶǰҶ淴ӦηɰѾͬСһ̳Ҷǰľ̳
ɣ
̳ײͬʱηɰѾԹԵľ̳͹
ЩƵľҺٲһĵ£˳ηɰ׵£ؿڣҲʪ£ԼԼ¶һԸͦҶĿΪ֮һ
ηɰԸȴǺཹཱུʶţҺڵĹ롣
һ£ҶҲǾ̳
㻹˵ֺȷһָо·еķնžҺ˶֮һ㡣
ٸɣ
һ̳̳꣬ƳҶǰöӹ͵Ҷ淢㲻ѡ
ʲô㣿ɰ
㲻Ϊµ뿪νһǧʲôǵˣ
ʲôӺޣôʣܲˣʲôӺ
ϣ˭ҲΪһ˻ţ˭вѣջʧȥÿ˱뾭ģңֻΪ˿ħʱ뿪ѡ
ȣ
ηɰ룬ִγҶ˾̳ҶҲæ˾̳Ҫٲ̳ηɰ׵ľ̳Ҫҵͷˡ
ɣ
ɣ
ɣ
ƣ
һ͸̳֮ҶͻȻ䷢֣ҪοˣʼοˣοĶ񣬾ηɰס
ҶҲ֪ηɰôˣһĵģΪãŪҶ淴ο
ηɰṩľƣȻƣҲǷƣҶǻ龳ߣڲƵ£Ȼˡ
ΡϰʲôˬģܸߡңҡҸͷ
Ҷηɰױһһûһµľž̳졣
ߣ㡭Сˡ
ˣ
Ҷ桭ʲôʱ򡭡˹
飡
һ֣Ҷ͵صڵأת˯ȥҶηɰ׵һҲҵҶϣΪƷ̵͵Ҷ촽ϡ
ʶģҶ˫͵شһ¡
˲أƵصηɰ׻һ͵شһ飬Ĳһ˫ȶؽʵýģرͨ졣
֮ʣηɰУһ˿
شηɰ׵ӿһͬģкľ
֮ηɰѾ׵ˣ˻ɢŨľ
СӡյգηɰζسڷɳŮ֮ʱһŮĲŮݵĶ䣬Ҷˡ

ףνϰôôŹ֣
ҶŹ澭ǱηɰףСèٴ֪Ҷ⣬Ź澭Ҳû˵ʲô
Ҷȥηɰ״еʱηɰ׵飬ƺЩ̫Ȼƺûյ׺ҶúǹŹ֡
һγеĿĵأǻ۹
˵Ҳ֣Ҷ汻ηɰ׿һͨηɰ״һ֮ҶͷȻͨˡ
Ȼ˼£ѾûǰҪѹƵˣûγħΣˡ
һ֮Ҷࡣ
·һҹ䣬ͳֱ࣬üࡣ
ȻȻģ뵽ˡ
뵽˸ĸ뵽ܡ
һ֮ҶܲˣǵҶһ֮ܣ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷȥܡ
Ҷ淢֣Щˡ
ȻǰȥܣҲҶΨһĿģҪ졣
ʱŵؿѾ߸µʱˡҶ浱ѼϻҵϢϻҵĵϵӵһһ֮ڡ
ÿһγںŵؿİǰţϣŵʢ½꣬ϻҵĵϵӵܾҪѡİٻعϻҵĺȡ
Ѿ߸µʱˣҶƣϻӦѾ˻˫쳣ˣ˵ϻҵѾˡ
Ҷƣϻһ϶ΧһΧ϶ڻ۹
һϻҵɵӰ죬ͬСɡ
Ҹ㵽ŪþͻǣҶϡ
ԣҶЩ۹ϻҵĶԱӦ䡣
һҶǰ۹ǧĹԣ㻨ʱ䡣
һΣ˵һʱɷǧٶȿֻ֪ʱ䣬ͽ˻۹ڡ
Ҷ̤۹ڵʱƽѾõϺȣ
ʲôûκ˫ϢҼ˪еĲ豭˲ϢΪɷۣߵĲˮҲĸɸɾ
ؼȷûκϢū˻еϵʽʮλ꺣ҹָѡİٻ߸ۡ
Դѡٻ֮ûгֹ·˼ʧһ㡣ֹĹܼң꺣κϵʽҲûκλӦҵĴܼһа˵
ôһ𾪣֮ϣǿߣ˭˺˫
ûв鵽˫μǴ￪ʼʧģõһ˫֣ʼĲ
ûУ
ʲô
ؼϻҾòʵЩڼ÷ŭ֮ǰаæͣ鵽Щֻ±Ҫڵ
ڵҲգһˣ
Ǽ
ԣõɫһף漴һ̾
ˣѾסˣҲǼ˵ģ֪Ϣ֮Ӧܹŵס
ȥڣ˵飡
֮һװشӺȺ
ʲô˫Ȼʧˣ
Ȼ˸ҶϻҵĶ֣
һɲǣȺΪģԲʮڣСݲݣĲ˲ʧȥе˷ɻҡ
ںȺߵϰūͣһŭУϢıѳǧٿ顣
ڣ·һ˻һ㣬ΪԵߣʱУ


406 ֮
ţɽſһݣɽʦȲǾʶ˰
۹ڣŹ״Ӻζһ̽
ޣǾʶ
ŹֽӹֻһۣͶ֣ơ
Ȼˣأ
Ѿ˽ڣ˵Ƿȥˣ֣ƵĻӦȥˡζ

ţȥ֣ƽڵϢκ˲ҴôߣŹź򣡡Źȵ
ǣȥ졣
ŵӺζţüͷһȵȣȥִлʦ˵̣
һʱ䣬Ѿ֣ΪʲôҪصһֻдֵİˣҲеڵķԸ
źζţ建£ٴγ˼ֻûϢͿĵӺζȻ˽
ڹüͷʱ򣬺ζæرʦлʦ
鶸һ䣬֪ϢҲͦ𣿡
ǽ
ţڴͷ˰һţִлɾһּŵ˵
ţҵõӻرҶ棬ȻִҡڵĽڡţҶڿа
ԶɱǧӥĵӲۣڰǰڵ洫Ӳ죬ҲҶС
û֪ҶʲôϸڣɾҪͷˡһࡣ
Ҷ𣿡
һелˣŹһ䷴ʣȴлЩ㡣
ţѵû˻ر֣Ʊ˽ӽţлȻ
а˽ӽȥ֣ƣɲʲôҶ棡ŵǿŹ彫Ҷϵİ˹ȥ
֣ƣ
ţ֣ƿɲҶ𣿡˼ˡ
˭˵ģֻϵ֣ƣϵҶ棡һ˵
ţ⡭Ҫǽл֪ˣε˰׹˼лɣȴǼۡ
ţ򲻿ԥǻڵ֪£ʦ
ˣ
Ź͵ŭˡ
ǿڿڡڣҪֺûڣܴŭڣ𣬻Ϊ
ǵڵĳϣǻڵԵף
һ仰ɿ֮ԣлֱɵˡ
ţһΪڣôǻڵԵף
ţϷޱϷģϷ˽ģǣԲܹϷڵҳϣ˲뷢š
ҳϣЦ
ߣǱǣҶ͸ڣ߽Ҷ͸ڣڿкκô
ڻǵҩĸ߼ۣǻΪмһͨ似

ǰɣûκκôǰɣ
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ǸֲɱһĻ꺣ϵŮ£˭ȥ
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˵ףʵ
ڻЩʵҪǣ߳ɵʧôռ˴õԴ
˵Źһ䣬һĵģлϣʦܣ֪Ҷ϶ԹЩޣ
ǣûУЩޣôģΪʦǸĵӣȻܸɳŵӵ飡
ЩˣʹŵҶд˵ˣ˵Ԫƽ뺣ԳˣûҶ档
ǳ֣Ǿܱ֤һܹҶ棿
ˮҵĲ£ѵûҶԵжݣǲ֪
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ôԲŶõˣĵ˵ƨأ

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ңڵĵӶûУպڣҪܾ˵۸
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Զҡҡͷһԭʧ
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ˣ
Ҷ飬رò
ͨ˶ԣ
Ƕһ龳صǿ߶ԣЩˣңһһ࣬꺣ǿ߶Ҳԭǹˣ


407 ǰ
̩ĶСϣҶĺ̩
忴ȥܽɫЩ԰ףٿκεëǰ˵ѹ̩һˣǲһĲˣҶҲЩš
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ΪҶڵš϶ûп̩ǱѪħôλƾͶ϶̩ǱѪħǰǸˣ˲õĸˡ
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׹ͬʱں̩ϣһ쳣ĲҽͬʱһŨ֮Ѫ⣬شӺ̩ϱƳ


409 񵽱
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Ѫ顭
˼䣬Ҷıϥ͵µõľ׾ĵһ
ֻһ飬Ҷͷ֣⾪׾һǰʩչľ׹⣬֮

ңԶ򣬰üڷ߻̣ɽһϣͻظһ˿Цݡ
Сһܹ֮Ѫ飬Сӣ˵ֵϷصעһˡʮ갡ȴصΪкһ֮ĺӣɲ


415 籾ߵĻ
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ҵǣϻҵĻ꺣ֶηǳĶ⽫սͨӶĵطȺУһзŹȥڵĳǲˣЩͨȴ꣬ΪԲģࡣ
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ɱƽɱնɱϻߣóǧصǰ벿򣡡
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ɲǼ䣬ռݾϷĻڵųǣƴİϷϻҵĻ꺣ǵĲҽһҹһ
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ڴֵĹ⻪ӻƽ̷ĵطֱĺһڸոո֧Ԯųɫ䡣
һɲǣڴֵĹ⻪ʹųؿڱֱĴųϵͷһǻ·Ϳһ㣬ճһˮͰĴ󶴡

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ҺУԶһĲһ£˷ʱ˹ȥ۳һһĶСƶ䣬ƶУһƴССè۾·ս
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λڳϵؿֱӱۺһ󶴵ʱҶ汻òû
ۣ
ܹشǿߵĽۣһһƷ龧ܴ״̬£һʮƷ龧ǿ߶Ӳӡ
ղŻƽ̷ǼæܿˣӲӡ
䣡ǵĻ꺣Ǻ䣬һһ
ϻҵļ÷ĴЦЦУ磬׷׼۵Ļƽ̷ˣ˲Ϣ䣬ƽ̷˴ս
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ϻҵļȻηˣʮˮ黨׷һ˷ˡ
ǣ˶ڻõĹȴǲܲˣĽܾɳӭ˴󲿷ˮ黨ö©֮㣬Ǻ˻֮ϣȻ
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ŭУһϻҵĻ꺣ͷ­
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Զƽ̷еѪ⽥ɢȥѹס˷ŭع飬۽ǲʹʹ֮࣬Ҳ˼
£Ծ
ڣ˫Ÿģ˵˰ɣܺȵ
үӣҪżŸӦúܰȫҲһģǣڸ֮ǰȻشҼ⣡

Զ͸Сè۾һеҶ棬ȴЩƣҾȻͣˣ̫


418 ŵ
үӣǲͨĳطΪǱһڵıģ
ָ·һѷŴɱˮסīΪ׵һʮλ洫ӡ
ܹΪڵĴϣƽ̷أԲ˵
ͣս˳ʱ½ͨƪ˼ܿģ͵óĽۣҪȻϻҲѪƴģ
ǻ˻ûз裬ʮİգչߣϻҾ˺Ǿǻڳ׵ʧȥ죡
һ䣬ΪǸŸӵϢ̫ΪؼǾԲֵͣģƴ⻨ңҲϧ
Ҿ˺ЩҾĻ꺣ūźã
ƴ˺
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ܲûܿһֻֻΪӱѹû롣
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ҪȻƾڵĻɽ󣬾͹ϻҺһˡ
˵ҪԸϻңǽ֮ǰڣϻҳڻ⣬˿ܾҪˡ
ǻڸ߲㲢ûıǣٷְǱǻڵ洫ıġƾһ㣬ǻŶûκ⡣
ܴһƽ̷̫ϳϻòʱŭˣĿ£ѹ˻
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ϻҪģҲǻҵļλϵѪʱ򣬾ϻҸˣҸطʮϰȥһ塣
ǻڲͬޣҪڣ۹ҪƮҡ֮С
ãֻҪүΪǻڵĸ߲㣬ûпıͺãǽͺðˣ
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һڵƽ̡̫ϳϵ˸ɫ䡣
һλǿ˺ɫøֶҹҹ͵ϮڣòŶãڳ˸𣬱;
Ÿӵ£һ㣬ڣðһİȥ⿪ᡣ
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أҧгߵָ·ˮסһʮλ洫ӡ
⡭
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ԣϻҵļһͳһʮλϻҵ洫ӣڵʮλ洫ӵͬʱ
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Զ͸Сè۾۲һеҶ棬̾Ϣһ
ֻ֪Ҫڵ״̬ڵɾҪĨȥˡ
ĨȥܡáˡòסǧӥĲ֮£Ҳ࣬Ҳ಻Զˡ
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ȻҶ治֪ܵΪأ۵ڵκһλǿߣĶ֡
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˵öָǴģ˵ʵϷҲȲ㣡
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һûѳӶˣҪ֪öָôͷá
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Ǵʦֲ죡ںعڣյʦַԮѶ֮󣬸ϵֻ֮˴ʦֵʬ壡
ʱҾͷִʦֵָ϶һöҴδĴָ̰ġȻҾˡ
Ѿ˲ôˣһԵĽöָ˳
ԣһûһѪ
ͷȻ̰ĺ˴ⴢָϽųϿ϶ᷢӡϢ˴
һ̣Ķˣ
ŵ⣬ô̰ģȻ̰ĶҲϱôȥ
ҵڻȴЦЦԳѪ쳣
ڵĵӲɱ˫㻹кλ˵
ˣǻڵ׿ԣ㻹кλ˵Ҳŭ
˲Ϣ䣬ƽ̷ˡ̫ϳϻò׵˶ͷ亹˳


419 ѻ
һΣɣҲ޻˵˰ɣ
ڻܵ鶸رñ쳣
˫Ÿӵ䣬ֻҪȷ˫Ÿӣô£ͿԵΪֹʱֻЩ˸ᣬ¾Ϳһʹ
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Ҫʮλ洫ᣡ
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ʩɫƽ̱𼱣ϾνŸӿǻҵţء
ߣһڵӵ˲ֵǮŸӵ£̫ϴϣ̫ϴֱɱƣҶ군ƽ̷Ҳŭˣ
ƣҶ군
ͻأϻҵļòŭЦЦޱȵĲá
ƽ̣ǻǳԶǻңΪǻûˣΪǻǰѰһԵͻΪ汲𣿡
һºý֪ʮǰ̫үү껻һΣΪѾﵽ۷壡
֪̫үү˭һ˶ʱĻ۹ţһѪ̵Ļнɻ껣
껡ţ̫ϴϻò׵鶸رò԰ײѡ
Ǻǣֹ̫үүţүүţǰһƱǻڵźӴ͵Ļ
ʮǰҲҶ˫֮ʣҲһˣΪ˫׽ϴ衣ţΪѾͻƵ˿
ͻƵ̫ϴϻò׵촽
Σһλǻ군ˣǻҲ군ˣЩûӰŻǣ
ǻңҲ㱾ˣȱˣЦ
ǰʱǻңǻڶ군ˣǣ̫үү˵һ仰ϻҸˣô۹ҲûдڵıҪˣ
۹ɱù𣿡
ʻòףнɻ껵Σ
˵õͻһ˿԰У壬ǻҴ££
Ϊôʱ۹飬ǻᣡ
ߣǻ壬Ǹ𣿡Ц
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ԶҶٴεһ
ҾȻϹһȻͻ˿˲Ϣ䣬ҶһͷƤĸо
˼õĻڴ۾ͻһƽ̣үӣͻȻһɻܷҽ󣿡
ڻĶһۣգеĻѹȥ
˫ŸӣǾ˵һϣ
Ϊ˻ҵϣֻˡ

ͽԣǴһѾȥ洫Ӳʬϵõöָģ
ôȻǺնɱ
˵˫벽콻֣Ϊǲ죿
˵ǲɱ˻˫ɱ˲죬ΪβȥϵĲƻأ
ңҪǣ洫Ӳ죬ѹûնɱ˫ʵǷҲɣһ㣬Ŀã
ôʾʹ˶˭ɱ˻˫˭ɱ˲죿ֻ˵һУı

һһ⣬ܡáˡò׵˵üͷֱ˼֪һ˼ȷʵɵء
ǻԸɱ˫֣ô͵ú˼⼸⣡һ䡣
ߣȷʵɵ㣬֪˵ǲ滰ǲǺƭǣһ
⡭
Щɣǻһһ˫ʱţļµ겨شӻ
ѻꡭĿЦ
ƽ̷ȴһڸҧÿ죬Լڵӱ˵ѻ꣬ڷ˿ŵĳ裬ȵĳ裡
ԼҵĵӷٴĴɱҲɱݲñ˶֡
Ǵ˿ֻ̣ܽݳ¶ȥ

зһļµĲҺ֫ţ˫Ŀŭ͹ͷֱϵ𣬷·һּȵʹһ㡣
ѪˮСȪһ͹ʼѣһһѪð
ۣ
Դһ㱬İ׵ı˻һ֡
ȴ·δһ㣬˼š
һĻҶ溮ëը
ѻ꣡
ʹģȻеʹֻ࣬Լ֪
ͻȻ䣬ҶЩӵЩˡ
תۼ䣬Ҷļʯ
׼ͼˣ
šԣʵңļе֪ϵֳʱȥѾʱˣֳû̫ҵĴ򶷺ۼȷʵ죡
ϣȻ㽫ô͸ôʲôͻؿ˵
仰һ
үӣ㻹Ϊһıﻨ˫𣿡
ųһ
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˭
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ǻҲصһϢϵϢɣ
ﻨ˫ڿҪȡҶǱ֮УȴϧҶУҲһɥ
ңʮǿ֮Уնɱﻨ˫뻨˫гģʹҶһˣңҶ棬ǡǻڡ벽г
ˣ϶Ҷնɱ˻˫֮ǻڵģ
ӣ
ȻˣŷһȻ˫ȭ͵ؽ߬һ𣬡ҶСƽһҪʬΣ
˲Ϣ䣬£޵òʳҶ֮Ѫ⡣
ԶҶȴǿˡ
꣬ҲС
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Ȼ²ҶĸɵģڴʱҲߵҶϡ
ѵ׾Ҷ棿
ڻüͷԣҲһ鱨Դģ˵ϵ飬Ѿ鿴ˡ
˫Ĵָںع֮з֣仰˵ֻǽعĺʮ֮һ
նɱ˫ĺһҶ棬
˲Ϣ䣬ܾ˾
ˣ̤£ϰʮ߸նɱѻ꣬ҳ׸˫
һĿ꣬ǺһҶ棡
ǰһҪ񣬻ҵ˫ŸΪҪ
öҵ˫ŸӣҸӾһѰҺϰʮߣһѻնɱҳףΪ˫
һĿ꣬ǺһҶ棡
ܵòԶҶ涸شһս
ԣȴһڵĻ£ǿȥˡ
Ҽ˫Ÿڿ˵˰ɣܻʵ
һ˿֮ɫ΢΢ͷͺĳ
й˫ŸӣҲ̫ȷֻô鱨ҽ˵̫
˵
鱨۹洫Ůܣﻨ˫йһΡԵ
Զ仰Ҷ棬˲ˡ
һɲǣҶĶͷһ£ŭɶָŭ
϶㻹ҪҪڣ
ˢ
Ҷŭ֮ʣ˵Ŀ⣬ķ


420 ֲĻܣ
ˢ
ŷϿյ˶תͷԼҶͷ亹˳
޳ܵϻˣ
ͷˮ˵ƻܵڣֱӺܣˮڣҶһʱ䱻ˣû뵽˳
ˣ
ҶĶ
ֹҶˣǻڵ˵ҲˣʶҶˣô벻Ҷô
Ҷô
һ㣬漴ޱȣˣ˫ɱģ߸ǻڸ̽鱨ǰɣ
˫ĴָڲָϣȻ񵽵ģһڳʱƽ̷˵˲Ť
үӣҶ棬Ǻ˫Ҷ棡

׽ס
䣬ӦĻƽ̷ˣͬʱ˳
ͬʱһκӰشҶɳҶĺͬʱ˭˵˫ˣ쿴˫ţ
ʶģЩµĻܡöǵ׹ĺӰ
ǣǿߵӦεʱǸӰˣһţ˰Ϣʱ䡣
Сè
һҶ滳еսѪѪⱩҶڵɲǣǷˡ˳ʱҶ汳ؿ

ۣ
ķһȥʱ˸գҶΣѾǧ֮⣬Ʋ˲ϢҶɡ
ʱϻҵĻܡòŷӦһ·һһҶεĹƲ㡣
𣡡
ŭĻХ쳹ϿգҶСè굽ҶĿ£αǼ䣬Ҷ絽֮ϡ
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󷽣׷ĻŷˡòסáǧӥһϻҵĽۣһ´µĺߣҶ˦Զ
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ͣ𣿡
ǴĵļưҿжƣȻ군
΢һ˼⣬Ҷٴʩչƽʼ׼׹⣬Ϊı׼
ֻǣ󷽽׷ˣ˭Ҳûע⵽⣬ҶѾı·ߣǴܲĲʺɭ
˵ѹҶ潫Ǵ
λܼһҽۼλ꺣ǿߵĺݣȥã
⣿
ʱ֮󣬵СèϵҶͻ۾Զɭǰ̺һһ֮أⶸشҶһ
֮ءˣ


422 ѪӶеĻ
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̻һ㣬ʮˮ黨رѿ
Ҳˮ黨ɲǣһֻ˶ħ񣬶شһ˫һ񣬾һߣسѪӶڡ
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423 ľϲ
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ͺһӿڵܴת˷ħ
Ǳ֮ϵܴ˸Ĺ⻪ŵˣֻǱɢİˡ
ħһ¼ޱȵ߷ɡ
߷У˫צжصһľʯӸ߿׹
ʱ򣬻ſֻħ˫צץһ
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ɫɫŨŨĳתͨ͸쳣֮ʣԲ֮ڣʱһСƬ𺣡
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龧һ鼫Ʒ龧
Щˣ
ΪˮϵЩˣһ㶼ֻܵˮϵ߻ϵǡþǻϵ
ڻϵߣԳ龧Ϊõ鵤ҩ
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㱩ŭƷ£Ƚ̳ͬŵıӣ˺󲻽֪ڸģ䱾Ϊһ֮˽棬ɴ
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442 İо
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443 ӿ
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444 һʱ֮Լ
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ѩ͵ָҶŭ߳𽣵ŷص䣬Ųϰ˵һˣ˲Īŷ˺
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447 Ѫ
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ȻҶҲɵĶʵشΨѪһˣĳ˽ŷ֮Ѫ顣
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ǰѪѪԼָ״С⻪תʯֵϱһѷ졭
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ҶСӣɱѪ飬δȫ֮ѶϢһ̾
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ѪȻڼǰַܹطһΣҲ⡣
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Ѷ󣬻ҶṩһķѪħΪ˾ͽչѪħӣ󲿷£ǨʱὫӡѪħӵºԣֻÿһأͻɫµ߻ͨˣѪħ·ӡĿڡ
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յ˾׾صλǰʳˡ
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Ϊѣǰı׵׸ศһҲˣһСģ֮Σ
ͶˣϷʳԣǾ׾֮׾ڶհٱ˵ûϷԣ⾪׾أ˵Ǿѹʮ
Ȼ㾪׾أϷԴӦ㣬гһܹϷϷԳ֣޳ɾ׾ؾף
סϷΪʿ죬ߣ򣬿ϵϷ򣡡յѶϢûκζ
ʿ졭΢΢һҶμ֡
й׵ľҶ֪ʿ飬ҲΪãʧ֮Ĵ
ʰһ飬׼ţɾʱ
Ҷʦ֣죬ʦм룡ź󣬰о˵


449 𽣵ľ޴
ӵĺΪղѳţʱǰǰ̽ӣŲӦѶأŶ֮󣬾Ժڷ߸ʬ
ŷ׺˪һأ齹ޱȣǰֵĸڴѩϵѪħŷ˼صʧ
û뵽ûƽϢ죬ַѪħ١߸ʬȻ಻һǲϸ飬ҲƲѪħΪͼŰоҶ飬ǿҶԸѪħо飡
߸ʬһһСԺˣһ龳ڵߡŷڶ龳ߵĴһһСԺһŮ
һ߸ʬСԺŮֻ˵״вͬ
˶ǻ¸ɱһǱѪħѪɶΨһĲͬ龳ߵƿһȭͷĴ󶴡
·ʲôһ㡣
󶴣ҶͰԳ̾һȻλΪʿǰ˵ˡ
ѪħѪ÷ֳ֮ѪħӣΪ˷չˣͰ˸Ůһͨˣ׵ľͱѪħȫѪ
ʬĸɱ̶ȣѾˣ仰˵ѪĲѾˡ
׷ٵѾǲˡ
ѪħٵĹأ;УǷΣգ㸽ϣκ˶Ҳ
ҶΨһģѪĲϽԶԶģù
Ҷʮа˾ѪħΪ֪Ҷɷһ֮׷Ѫħŷ׺˪˵
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׺˪ɫһ䣬ҶԹۣһҪŷɹ˽٣ҶҪļ𽣵ķھͿԴӦҶһΪ죡
ŷ׺˪ļˣǰѪħ粨ŷʵֱʧ֮һҪ࣬Ѫħ֣ǰ˵ϼΣһΣŷеĵ̾ͿԽȥˡ
ԣҶΪ֮һ࣡
ŴԣȴСҶ棡һۼ𽣵ֻҶĳһԸˣ޹غ׷ɱѪħ
ܷó𽣵䣬ֻҪһ˿ܣҶ涼ȫ׷ɱѪħ
׺˪Ϊ֮һҶΪΣ
ţ˵׷ʵԭġ
˵䣬ҶͽǰҶλǰʿеõϢ׺˪˵һͨ׺˪ס
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𽣵¹ɸԱֻ𽣵ķҶһۣȴǲܸҶҶ½⡣׺˪˵
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𽣵ãͨӵһ㣬ЩˮͨΪһ壬γһƴͨˮˮˮ˺ˮ
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д˾˵ջҶȻǷʳҹҹĲ𽣵䣬ÿնá
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Ҷһޣһࡣ
䣬ŷ׺˪һΣŷ׷Ѫħĳɹ
ŷĵڣͷŷ巽ԲķΧûзõϢ
ֻڶϷޱ鲼ɽУֻؽ޵ĸʬѪħ֣ÿ߾޸ʬԼһңѪħٶȣʱֻһҡ
ڻ֮ѪħٴʧȥϢ
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450 
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⼸ۣŷĽѶ֮УûᵽҶϸϻȥҶ;ȿ뿪תڡ
ϹħսᵽսѪѾʱˡ
۹ǶᵽսѪ죬඼ʱʼˮȴǲͬ
ˮķӦսܵڹ֮⣬أԣҶսѪ֮󣬺ˮûзս
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ϣηɰһһߡ
΢΢һ㣬Ҷʱ׹ˡ
лӡ
ԣηɰ׸ոճȥűÿ
ӽҴӣţ˭ҽеģԡ
һɲǣηɰڣķսųɫЩѿ
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ӣɲɣ
Ȼ⼸仰ҲѣǸ˵ηɰʩҶϵֶһ飬ǾͿ޶޲ˡ
Ҷ棬û뵽һ겻㲻Ϊ쭣սҲ쭵˳̶ȣȻܹɰսһӣ˲𰡣δ˵ˣ
߳뾰Ҷǰȥηɰףһĸ̾
λϻԶء
Ҷ棬Ҫף仰ڹάǿ佱㣬ʵʵ˵ǰɰƹضеĳϼд˸飡
ϷͲ˵ˣڷɰ׵ֵ£û߹ʮУΪߵĴϣ˵Ҳֻ˰ӳͷ䣬Ҫһ㣬ǶҪˡ뾰̾
νϰôηɰڵսҶıˡ
ɰڰΪ츳ĵӣ㣬ң֮·ǳרעдʡ˵һǰ֮йһս뾰˵
ԣҶ۾ˣʤΣ
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ˣô˭ӮˣҶǺ棡
ϷϷ˭ȥСҪǵ󣬾ȥȥ
ȥɣѾھڵ㣬׼ֶˣ


451 
Ź澭Ҷѡ
һѡҶΪ˴ζ˧֮һҲʵְֻҪҶԸ⣬ʲôְλԸҶ档
Ѻݡֻ̽ͳ˧һ֧ʮ˵Ĵ˳ֻǳ󶼿ԣֻҪҶԸ⡣
ڶѡһʹξͷΣֻҪʵʱ߶սѪϴսͿԡ
ÿһжһѪΣһоΣһ㣬ҶҲ⡣
£˶ѡһѡ񣬱Ͼͳ˧һ֧ʮ˵ĴսҲһ˲顣
룬Ҷ滹Ƿ˵һѡ
һ֧ͳ˧ǻϾûʲôսˡһҶ治ôָӣֻҪҶԳȥʲôĵоͳ˧Ҳ군ǵͳ˧ǽԪ۹ĽԪƽ֮
ĻҲ߯Ȥ
ȻҪǣǾθ˧ǾζҶҪھӪ֮Уɡ
Ȼ˵ˮĶѾʼǶϢڸ߲֮иո߲á
սһ临ӵ׼ӼῪζҪʱ䣬ĴսʼҲҪʱ䡣
Ҷɲʱƾ˷ھӪ֮С
ԣҶѡʹξͷΣǴսʼҲڵжܾԼȻеϻǵеġ
Ҷ棬ȻѡʹξͷΣһ;ɽɣȥˮ֮еľҶѡ֮󣬹澭˵
ԣҶüͷ
ţ˵ʹξɣôҪȥ
սѪԵʣ澭Ц˴ζĵųɾսѪ죬սѪ֧֣ĸ׶
ҪҪսѪʱƽǡڱϷܾ֮󣬾תҪսѪĳ߱뾡ȥԱ̸֮¡

Ǻðɣȥˮǣ
ãȥɣļһǣЩǽϷ߲ˡ澭Ц

ڶ죬Ҷٴαµŵηɰ׺ݺݵһͨǱ뿪ڡ
ƮȻԶȥҶ棬ڵĳǵɫ˲ͱ˿ϣڵһʱԼѣչصıչأεΣһˣ˭ٱηɰ׸

ˮȻǺˮĵ۶ϸҶĴ࣬Ҷںˮе䰲Ҳһֱš
ˮǣҶһ²ǰǴһݺȥ̲̽ܲͷͬ
ͬڵ֮ҶܻܲŻһδ֪
ԴҶǽͬʦһ㿴ġ
ͬںˮǵĸۡ󣬾һСԺӡ̲ͬܲͷͷȥ磬ʵϣƷײߣҲǴƷѣҲͱȵطϵһ߰뼶ѡ
Ҷǰͬĸۡдʱ䣬ºϤֱӾͽţŲ˵ͬڼͣҶֻõһԵĻȺ
Ҷո̤໨ʱһλžʮҵʹһĺ˪
Ѿʮ΢յͬں棬Ŀɫסİš

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455 صɶ
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458 СǼơĶ
Լ󽣺ʯ֮󣬾ͽѶ齣ɽķֱɽԪŵķҶЩεİ̾һ
ԪϾͻ֪Ҷ齣ɽ٣Ҳ֮ҶҪԽԪƽ뺣׷ɱ
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һһҵʱ䡭
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ӦһСèطϸ꣬˶ĻĿԶԶԶ
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ż𽣵䣬ԼҶǰ򽣵ãҶĽΪڷٵţһ֮УһһĽɫԴٵţһ

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һöͨѶ齣ɽԪڵڵأԼҪĴʱ
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һԪƽ뺣ڳļλųϽһӿǰȥ׷ɱҶ棡

ԪڶϵĿͻؿڣϿڽԪ֮УһֱǼս̫ߡ
ܹϣʵǵҶ֮ڼҶĳͻУԪڵļλսǿĳ䣬ֲζϡ
ʤĲĻôǾпܳΪԪڵĴˣԣ۴ķ潲ǵ뺣òӡ
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ŵһ̶ȼԲҶĵһȻһļ񣬽⡢жѾȫɣͲϵ໤ɣһɫ޽ͽɡ
Ҷƣһ̶ͨȴӾųɾŴﵽʮɵʱɫ޽ͽɡ
꺣һҲ޷ɾ͵ͨҶǰ֡
ͨͨȫɹڵҶԣѾû̫ڴˡ
Ͼڴ֮ǰҶѾܵ˽ͨĺôֻ޷Ͻ룬ȫɹ֮ҶʱصĽ뽣ͨľ硣
֮⣬δ֮ǰû̫
˵ףͨȻֻͨһԵͨ似ѣԶԶ޷Ź澭ӡֻǽԪƽ뺣ͨ似ȡ
ɣҲֻҶ汻ǰռݵĵһɷˣԲ޶ڴС
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Ҷ洫ѶϢ֮󣬾ʱڿնʱ䣬ѾҶٶයһϢ
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ҡָо齣ɽһֲľоҵһζѣĽԪڵųǣ¶֮ɫ𾪵ĿŽ»ζ齣ɽ
һӹɣκһվ½ϵʱȴվںеĺװϵĸоĪ
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ʱԪڵƽ뺣ʹסˣ

һɲǣԪƽ뺣һ춯صĺһеĳ齣ɽԭ׷ɱҶĽԪ죬˲Ϣ͵أһѾ嵽齣ɽųǣ˷ֲ齣ɽܱߵϰԪڵųϣ
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齣ɽ󣬷Բʮʮÿһ֮ڣкüص棡

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һ֮ڣԪƽ뺣Ľ⣬Ȼ˸ߴΣ
֮ĽⶸһͣԪƽ뺣ξͶǵ齣ɽӿϼƵɫ֮ǰ
ӶµĽش뺣


462 
ӶµĽɲǣǧⶸش뺣ڷɳȴͣ뺣ǰ
ǧĽⲨһһǿ쳣ʵʵĽɽԶҶ涼Ϊ֮һ
뺣⽣ɵɲǣѸװ㼲ɫ⣬ƶһٶȱûޱȡ
ģƺǱ뺣ɵĽ
ɫ⽥ͣԼǰʮ״Ԫƽϣٴθֿϲ֮ɫ
ڣȷ˿ɽʦµǸ˵ģ
Ԫڿɽʦµ񽣵齣ɽпܻ汦ǳͽ뷨ȡ
˼ֿܵȡ
ǰ뺣ΪԪƽ֮ǰΪʱǧ꣬ɽʦǶԣҲǸЦѡ
û뵽ĳˣ
һˣ뺣ǽԼڽϵΪȫʩչǿǹʵʵĽ׼ȡɫ⣬ҽвѵĽԪڳҲ˲ˡ
ֵһĻȻתҶ濴ˡ
ҶǣȻǵһμϼƵɫ⣬ҶȴһĪϤС
ͷ·𽻴˺ܶһ㣬Ϥ벻
ͻأҶⶸһ
䣬ת𽣵ķ߶ͨǵɫⷢһѶϢ
㡭ˣ
ˣ
Ҷ洫ѶϢͬʱ˷ܵɶشҶԺҶףǿ϶Ļش
ǾɡҶٴγŴһѶϢ
ҶѶϢոմɲǣԭֹ뺣ǰ״ɫ⣬ؼ٣ɲǵĹ򣬾ʹӾֹٵ£
ݣ
ɫƿƿģһ쳣ԼһѪ
·ڻӦҶٻһ㣬ɫ˲Ϣʹ뺣ǰһϺһ㣬ͶҶ档
ۣ
뺣ѪҴļλԪڳǴʧɫ
ƽ̣
ƽ̣㡭ô
ʱ򣬼λҴĽԪڵĳǲžֵķ֣ƽ뺣ؿڣһ󶴣ӤȭͷСĿնն߻һɫĽ⣬ݺᣬʹ뺣ؿڵǸ󶴵ڽһӾţ

뺣зһѵĹѪӿתͷԶҶ档
þͿǵϼƵɫ·Ϻһ㣬ֱӴҶʧ

һĻԪƽ뺣۾صɴ󣬿ѹֵѪҲ̲סĿ͵ԪҲǵһת뺣ڡ
ƽ̣
ƽ̣
ҴļλԪڵųϿǴʧɫ֮ʣͬʱƽ뺣
Ҷ۾ҲһɲǶصɴ
ҶҲ벻Ȼ
Ҷ𾪵ǣǵڵɫ⣬ǵɫ⾶ֱҶѾɵĵһ֮ͨУʱûϢ
λƴҲҪɱҶӣ
ԪڵĶϿŭҴļλųϣչƽ뺣⣬˾ɱҶ棡
λڣ
ЦһҶһݿСèûϢӰͳ׵ʧƲ֮У׷ɱĽԪų˦ԶԶġ
꺣Ҫ׷ɱҶ棬ֻгԻҵķݣ
ҶΨһϧģʱ˱Ԫڵųϱڻƽ뺣Ѿһһ⡣
۷ɵĺ忪ʼ޸֮һ˵뺣һȻܴأû
ϧɫǴ뺣ؿڴ룬ǴĿڴ룬뺣оһζҪ군
齣ɽΧһĻҵĳҶ;ãһεջѾˣĳˡ
ҶôҲ벻齣ɽɹ֮󣬾Ȼ齣ɽǳ붼Ҷľ
ԪһΣǡ

һ֮齣ɽܱߣʬɶѣѪ齣ɽʯϱߣŲ֫ϱۣ࣬·һ˼һ㡣
׷ɱҶ޹֮λԪųϣ˼ΣѾ޷ˡ
ϿǵǾɥ˾˲˼ʮһ㡣ԭΪгɣݣҲʮңʢꡣ
ڣһϰʮͷһ㣬ˣϲˣ
ǼƣЦǼƣ㡭
Ĭ֮󣬽ԪҴųųŶϿŭҶһˣŪǼƣĻôʧ
ˣžӢ룬ҿôŽ
ŭǣҴλųϣȴûŵ˼ŭſǡ
ڴ֮ǰǶԿǿŪǼƶȽϷУ񣬸ǲԿֺͬ
ۣ
һѪشӿǿп˲Ϣ䣬ǾֽȻ⵽˾޴Ĵ
һɲǣǺ޲ýҶץǰþǧ㷽Ҷκɱʤϵġ
ǻҶʵǾ޷˵ĸɵʤһƶϣǾԲƶϵġ

ŭֱĿǿһѪ֮ʣ˾ʹ˹ȥ
˵ιȥʱõѡ
ιȥˣȴ⽻Ҵλųϡ
һսųϣеľӢųսʮˣƽ뺣ֱ˻ԡ
Ҫǣǵĵ˻뿪˵ĺëûһ
һУ齣ɽĻȴԽԪڶԾͲʲôˡ
˭ףʵĽԪڵĽѲĿʼ

УҶСèٵǰţºûκ׷СèҲһֽӽڼ޵ٶȿٵķš
ҶƻҶҸطúõڵһɫ⹵ͨǼΪ֮ġ
ɫҶǼʶˡ
ȻܹصĴ뺣һأ
ʲôҶֱ޷
仰˵ҶܹɫΪãôҶԺԸǿߣҲͲʲô̫ѵˡ
ҶɴƶϣɫãҲһƷҺпƷ
Ҫ֪ڵӣҲƷѡ
ҲˣҶϲ֮£Ĺͨȡɫ⡣
ǣҶ׼ٵ֮ǰȴͻȻһ£
ս
ڼֱѵһս
ԪھӢм˲أƽ뺣ˣֱǶ
ȻԹǿߴս壬һֱǾսʤؼ
߶ƾл߲಻£߶սʤӰСֻΪάƽ⡣
֮ս֡
ǲ޴£Ǹ߶ͻʤƽֱһ㵹
ôھѵս
ҶҪǵǡ£˵ȥ


463 ֮
ŶİʮƼڴҰܱߣľʣžĴҰأ·һҹ֮ͱ쳣
֮ʮսƣҲҰԭĽԪ۹ıŲѡ
ıͬҲǴƼ
һзѶʱʮжѹزˡ
ǼʮӸؿҰ֮ʣԪ۹֮ھӦĶԱҲǴƼ
ʱƼڴҰصİʮѵ
ǴӸȻ󰴸󣬵ִԪ˧ǽ֮䣬Ҫһϡ
ҿһֶдָˮ괢ĴָߴöƷָôľ쳣
ҪȻʮ˳ģ;֮£Ͽһ۹
ڽѵĲıҲ죬ս顣
ʮѵʮ󣬴սʼԣıڵķΧΪ࣡
ܸ˧ʮĵһ̣Ҫغʿغģغڵģغʤ
ʮ·Ҷ˧ڶӪ֮ڣһ㣬ܱ֤ܲԪ˧ٸһࡣ
˧Ǹһ㣬޷ֻ֤ܳŵϵҶ˧ջع顣·˧̬ΪϿҵ˵
޷֤ʲô˼Уֻǻ߷оҶӰ˶һս˧һҪ¡
ٸĻȴһʱԪ˧Ҫһ£·ӵжͳȨ붫ƽģͳ
챾˧ܹμӶĲı飬ǿͬΪѾķϣ費Ҫжѵġ
ٸұҼҶ˧ֻ뿪ˣǵľ飬ˡԺٲμӣ
㣡
ĻöԪ˧ٸֱᣬҲû뵽ȻǿӲ
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Ԫ˧ϱǣµʥּ֮Уԣ·붫ͳӵжսȨҲԼ˵㣬Ԫ˧޹أ
飡
Ԫ˧ٸһȭݺݵҵǰķ֮ϣȻķѣȻŭ
ΪһҪҶжȡսѪԭ
֧֣ʵսѪ죬սѪȨжܴܵơ
񣬶Ѿ֡
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ҶƿսѪ죬һζҪʧܸˡ
·Ԫ˧Ҷ
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ŭй֮󣬹ٸͻЩŹ֡
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ем龳صųϣսʮˣʣµģ˴ˣˡ
Ҷ˵һ鱨ıڽ۾һһĵɴУд˷ܡ
Щ߼ǣ˭Ҷһ鱨Ҫԡ
ݹսУСģսڵҶսǴģսУҶɳΪǿ߲ս
㲻ɳߣ۹Ҳ´Эɳս
ҪֻΣҪĻսնжնɱо󽫣ǳ󣬸оش
һζˮɵ飬šҷЭһʮ꺣ǿߣ龳صߡ
ˮŵƽ̣Ҳǰ߸֣
֧ʮ˵Ĵݣһһ꺣۷սһûеĻϣֻҪӵл꺣۷ߵһӵѵǲĻʤġ
һ֧Ⱥ׵ľӣ޷ġ
ҶϢŽԪ۹ľӿܻȱǿ£ûսѪĸˮľҲӮ
棿
ϲ´ӶԪ˧ٸ굶ϸ֡
˧ǧȷˣԪƽ뺣Ҳ˱һҪ군û뺣ҪָƣҲ£״̬£ҲҪһ£Ҷٴ׳һذը
ϧǣҶ׳ذըȴûȡӦеЧþн춼ȻĪͬʱԪ˧ٸȻ漴һ˿ŭЦ
Ԫһ֮ƽ뺣˱Ҷ˧ϢþˣҶ˧Щ£ǺΪ
ɱ˵ڸɵģ
ڵĸȫڴӪèأһû
ٸ꾹ȻҶ鶸һոŭֱҶѹȥΪ˵۹Ҷٴˣ
˧ҲЩŹ֣ǽԪ۹ڵ齣ɽԪڵǡڸʧء
Ҷ˧㲻ỹ˵ԪڵϰٺŸ֣֮Ϊ׷ɱžۼ齣ɽİɣ
Ȼɵ齣ɽˣԪڵƽ̶˱Ҷ˧úĻˣ
ٸһҶ泹׵ŭˡ
ٸ꣬Ҳڸ㿪ЦԶ·˧壬ͨ飡
ߣҶ棬˧Ҳ㣬ǿǶ·˧ķϣ˧Իű壬նʾˣ
㣡
һΣҶֱӱԪ˧ٸ̸ˡ
ȻҲǶԪ˧ٸ̫ǣҪǰ䣬ҶƫΪ뷨ټҶ˵鱨ʵ̫˼ǰķӦ
ʵ˵Ʒʣһϸͳ˧
ٸ꣬ԺͻΪѡڣϣʱ㻹ֱ׳
⣬ȥ֮һἴ㣬㻹׼ɣ
һҶ󲽵תȥͬʱҶĺҲ·죬Ӫ׼
Ҵ뿪·죬˧ٸЦһƣߣ


464 
˧㲻Ҳ˵鱨ʵ԰ɣ
·Ӫص·ϣҶ濴·ĸ߼һľ㵣Щơ
ԣЦ
ôᣡ˴⼸鱨¿϶ỳɣ⼸鱨Ҷ˧˵ʵԾӹɣֻǡ
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Ӫ֮󣬾սɣ˧ʧճ֮ǰҪʼҶ˵
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Ҷ˧·ӪڴҰв㣬ұҲؾƼҶӪڱ档
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Ҷһ֣Ļ
˧֮£Ҵ㣬ôεǲӣȫ㰲ţʾֱǲͿԡ
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ҶĻδ˵֮꣬ɫʹϸ֡
Ҷ˧֮ΣԱͻȻ䣬ͳҶ浥ϥܵأ˴
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ʵҲ⣬֮УеĽ죬ԾȨĿؾǿԼò绨Сһ㣬޲
һ֮˧󲿷ʵȨ٣йմ⣬޹ڹҶȴΣܲ
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˧ˣǰǼˣս϶չ˱ǣһУǵıˣйǹйǹͷǣҶ潻һ䡣
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һҶ·˧ȻҪΪѷȡһôˡ
缸λѾв㽫ڵӣܹ˻¾ǾھݺݵĶ¼ӣڵӰʢ
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ٴθָ֮̾ɫ̫ˣҪǻˣֱӾǸĳЩ˷ġ
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˧Ҷ븱˧ĻӪ·˲Ϣͳ׵תһ˧ڲͣתȥѸٵıִС
·ǰͼϣоҰص·ϣѾϵòˣĴͷɱɱñᣬûʮָӵָʹò˵б£
ڶʱ򣬴Ϳʼ½ֱĴҶǣ

ʲô·ĿˣߣҪʲô𣿡
˧ڣԪ˧ٸһȻϢʵ̫ˣԪ˧ٸһ˿ŭ֮⣬ȴ˼
ǰԣԪ˧ٸ겢ǲݰ෴ܹ쵽󳼣Ԫ˧һλã˵
һʱ䣬ͿǵҶ˵鱨ʵԡ
Ҷ沢ǳ嶯ˣҸ˧϶ҶӺ·ĳеˡ
ξ۶ûйؽԪڵ鱨⣬ȥ齣ɽߣûгܹ
ʵϣҶߺ󣬹ٸ齣ɽɳʵ齣ɽıըˣҶ鱨͡
Ԫ˧۶ʱûнԪڵ鱨⣬齣ɽѾˣڵ·жѲԭ򣬵Ƶǰ齣ɽ
Ԥܹ齣ɽܹѶξ
죬ãǾ͵鱨

УҶļ֮ϣСèǰУżɨһ·һ㼲оĴ⣬񼸺ȫڸոɵĽ֮ͨС
׼ȷ˵Ҷȫڽ֮ͨеǵɫ⡣
ҶĽ֮ǵɫ⻪뽣֮еĽԴۼһƺǳʡ
էһȫޣǳͨ
ǣһҶȥһݵĿֲʱֱꡣ
ϵĽӴҶ֮С
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ɫ齣һ¶ĺһ㣬ǳĺ棬Ҳѧĺܿ졣
ܿģϿҶ֡飡
ȻҶҲ᳢һľ֮ģĻشܸܶ࣬ӣӵҶҲ
ֽҲûõġ
ʱ䣬ҶĹϵ£о;УҶ漸һʱ䣬齻
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ԴҶ츳ѪһĹˣÿһδ̿츳ѪϢʾȱ
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ǧʮ³ʱ伲ɱҶǳµ·ھһҹ֮󣬴˹ǵĺŽǣ
Сģսͬǣģսĵһ£Ƕ䣡
ŴսеĶһޣʤսӰȴӵأֱӰ쵽սʤ
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Ҷǵľ˧һ龳ߣߣΪߵģһǻ꺣صߣǻ龳ߡ
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ҶǰѹǶԸͨ龳ߣܹ˻꺣ߵڣҶҲûжôҶù
ΪҶ˵Сèԣڵٶȣ̫ˣ
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ͳĺŽУˮ·ȷʼǣ
һ֮󣬴Ǿƣ
ϾͷϷλ꺣ǿߵʱǿʿѡ


465 ٸͷ
ʲô·һ֮ھɱ˴ҶǣҶʮؾն࣬²ֻ࣬һӳ˳׷ɱܾǣ
Ұ˧֮ڣԪ˧ٸžѾ̲סĲ
ݣ
ǰˮ߹صĵһݣ
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Լ˧𾪣ٸĻŹβξÿοԪ˧ҶǱֻʮؾټսѪڣȡĴҲ
Լɡ
ٸΪĽݸԼĸĻţֻһۣߵʱֳ֮ɫ
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ΪҶͬ򣬴ǰΪˮѹԪ۹ߵҪ򣬶нԪڵĻ꺣ǿפء
鱨ҶǰԪڵųפأϾļһ꺣ɢޣҶǹ꺣ǿߡ
ԣҶֻһ꺣ǿߣ
ȥ齣ɽ̽鱨ߣûУٸȻʵٲжһζ׵Ϊģ
·鷳ʱûзѶ
˵䣬һȺ䣬˲ξõУһۣõͱÿɬޱȡ
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ý鱨ݸԪ˧ٸʱһһɬ
죡
˷ıʱ䣡
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ϧǣԪ˧ٸûг֣ڡˮڡҵһ꺣߽ʱ򣬲ˡ
鱨û򶥼Ļ꺣ǿֻλȫǻ龳۷ͻ꺣һصߡ
ôǼܲס˶࣬ǿס˶л꺣ǿߵĹ
Ҫǣʶѷ߶Ĳ㣬һʱڣȻڳͷ˸ߴʮڡ
ڻɿ龳龳ߴ߶
Э߶Ȼ붫ƴ˸¡
Ҳͬʱǰ̽Ҳ鱨
ʱڣԪ۹ľ߷˱
߾͵ظϸ򱨵
֮УѪж
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˧·Ҷ˧ЭɣսѪ󣬰֮ڣͿԹ±򣡡ξøǵĽ顣
ǣҶҶ·Ҿ𣿡ٸһĵǣ
˧ģһģ
Ϊʲô
ԭܼ򵥣ǲǶǱڱ޷Ҷ·Ҳҹ¾룬ҪȻ뽣Ԫ۹أǱۼߵ³
䣬һѶ
ͬʱҲŶԪ˧ٸʽҶͷ

ڶʱ֣Ԫ˧ٸ𴲲˾ʣңϷʣЩǡ
̫֮ʱǶһηʱ̣շѶԼ֮ǰ·Ԫ˧ҶӦЯսѪ쵽
ǣ̫вһˣӪڵʿѾʳװ׼ˣлûҶӰӣ
˧ǰ沿빥Ѿ׼Ƿ񡭡
ͣɡ
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ҶԪ˧֪ڴ󱣣ҶľģӰжô𣿡
󱣾Ҷǰس֮еն׵ͳ󽫣ֹҾ֮ҶʱԸϵ˶ܲ׼
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ˣĴ󲿷ֲıҲȻ֮У߲档

Ҷһ˺ˮʷ֮УҲ˺ˮУѧԣ
ҲΪҶһԪ˧ٸ޷˵˾;ӣΪʤҰĶ˼
󣬶Ԫ˧ٸ·Ԫ˧Ҷͬʱ䲼ʮɱͨȫɳߴʮ龳ɵִӣѲķ
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ҪǣҪʱ䣬ʮ꣬ʮʮʱ䣬һεս׵
ڣҪǣɽؽ߷ȻܽԪ۹͡ҪǣҪԪ۹۹пַܵˣ

ǧʮ¶ʮգˮŹ澭ηɰףƸԭõĽԪƽ뺣ǿ߻ҹƾԼսɽϿա
սһһҹɽСǧɽ壬ڴսбƽ˰࣬ڶսԪ۹ˮʽ͡
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469 ͬһĺ
ӵľ㣬һǳӵ㷨ְλͬ㷨ͬ
һСնǴһְһһλͳնɱϰͨʿС㲻ϣɴ˿ɼϿ
Ͽľ㷨֮£Ҷ棬ǺĶһ
һϣܹɣǶԪ˧ٸꡣ
ҲΪԭ򣬴˴ζĵڶɱ··ͳ˧
û취·ͻռĳǳ࣬ھϱߣռơ
·Ҷ£ÿһλ죬ÿһλʿ˲Ƶľ͵ģҲְһʿõľܹĸ
ͬĶսʼֻһͳ˵Ķξսͣмıԣ̳丸ͬСĽ
սŸ˧޵չˣսδѾΪͳǧ˵Уξ
ʱսܵľְܹΪƫͳ˵ƫ
ƫںˮ۹ʲôĵλأ
ˮ۹߷ؿܱԼٶˡ
ͳ˽ҲƫٶˣѾʽˮ۹ӵи߲ˡ
ҪǣһεսУΪҶԭʶ˺üλڵĽ죬ЩˣְͶͳĴ󽫡
˸˧ţ˵ǰ;
ҶİҲڴˣʣµ·ÿԼߡ
ֵһ˵ǵǴǰĻھͳ󽫳ӣҲսֻʵЩɽѪս֮УһֻУ
˴˴ζľְߵĽ֮һ
µľҲǼΪƣ㹻٣
УҶӼһ´󹦵ľڷغˮ۹۶һ֧ʮ˵ţҲͬһʱ䶫ɽ֧Ԯ
պںˮ֮пʼʢ׷;ˣʵ۱Ϊʿְ
˿ϧǣһ·˧Ҷȴûгֻ֣丸ҶɴҶھ
Ҷ䰲ΪϮҶ游Ҷɱ;ΪǺĸ׽ѩͱͷΪһƷˣҶǸͷĵܵܣҲͷΪظ󵽽أɽһ֧ǧӡ
ȻһзͶҶȹͨԭ
յ۹˼ҪҶط⣬ڹռĽԪ۹ĹУҶѡһǧ﷽ԲΪأͬʱԱཨ˵˽ְΪߴ󳼣۹ҹȵȡ
ЩҶܾˣ󣬾ͳʹ͡
˵ĻҶ治ϲķͣǵʵ۱£Ҳҷ⡣
ҶķЩϵ֮⣬˵ķͶǳĺˡ
λ䣬ǼϮ֣֣ͼֵ𣬸һеΪķʳء
ͬʱӷΪߴ󳼣Ϊٸ겢еľͷ
̲ܲͷͬĶ˽ְΪƫ⣬ӾľλӴʽΪ塣
սĻھ󽫳ӣӷΪϮɽΪ

ʹͣ
ǻ»Ҳǲʹͣδսս㹻͡
»ڴ͵ʱҶŹ澭ȴһ顣
ڽ½һҶ棬ȴô͵ԭ򣿡Ź澭üͷţʵ۹ЩͣΣڣ˭ҶҶҰָͷ
ţ˼ףҶҵĸ̫ˣһλǻ£ǧķأٰЩ൱ڹ֮ˣ
֮Σڣڡ
ţҵĵӵɳҲ֪ģڲϵУϵĳɳֳɳעԶһط
ҲԶĽҾͻ뿪ǰĥһ뿪
Ҷô˵Ź澭ͻЩȻϵֿܣҶ׿˵Īʧ䡣
룬ںʵʱȰҶ֮λģ񡭡
ðɣ£ӦˣػὨһһһλ꺣ǿ߳ǵ
ţлţ
Ź澭ŵҶһ
ΪҶһԭڸĸǰТ٣Ҷģøĸƽ꣡
ˣˮų̫ƽķ֮ͬϲӣҪɽʱ򣬾ӳϴȥɣķҲ㹻ˣ
ƽ̽ͣ

ںڣһϲ£Ƕ߸ˡߵļ塢ڵĵ۹һʢ£Ҫٴġ
ף֮⣬ʾ˼
ǰҹ֮ʣˮų̫ƽʮĥһɹΪǿߣʱ򣬾͹㷢Ӣĵ֮ȴ
Ÿ̫ƽϲԽԽˮڵϿҲⲻͣķǻ꺣߷ɹı־
Ҷ߳뾰ΪڵĴȻҪĵ
ģˮӭӱߵģˮų̫ƽĶӣˮڵų
ֻڿҶʱΪȻ
뵱꣬ҶΪԪǻʱΪѾǻ龳ˣҶΪѾߴﻯ龳أֶΪ֮ηţﵽƽƽĵλ
Ĳ֪ΰУˮƽ̳̫ƽҲǳϵ⽻ҶλãŵŰһ𣬶
ǻƽ̻ƽҶΣпѺ
תۼ䣬Ҷ洳ôͷԭ̤Ϊǿ龳۷壬³˺ˮûʶˡ
ӳϣҶϣ룡
Ȼﲻʹ죬ǳǲòӭҶ뾰
û취ȻҶΪֻл龳أƽ̹澭ʹѶ£ҶѾΪڵųϡ
ԣøҶ
Ҷһ̫ƽͻƵȻǴϲ£صĸţڡЩţĴɵĴԵġ
ȻǶţˡ
ϲˡ
ϵ㲻᲻صĺģ㼪ʶȻó̫ƽ¶һָո͵ͨ似ЩҪġ
ҪģҪó̫ƽΪǿߵϢˮڵԸҲǺˮ۹Ը
ӵһλǿߣǶˮڶԻǺˮ۹ԣǹǿʢ
Ҷһһݺ֮󣬾ͻתԼڵıĿų̫ƽϺ񣬺شʵȵȣΪģҶ˯
ŹСسٵף޽սһ⣬״һţײһ
ݷͬһĺ˯Ҷ棬͵شһ飬ֱ壬۾


470 ˮڵ̬
ˢ
˵Ŀ⣬ͬһʱ俴˴һɫʿС£Ծǵͣ
ΪģΪСµĹѾһڱƤײģƤײϣһѪս飬һŰֵֽ״
⵨ʵЩ
һλǿߵĺϲ֮£ʵǡ
ڴн˵صˮų̫ƽҲˡ
ˮܹܱͽӴȴǼˣ˭Ҳû뵽ȻŽһµļһżͬʱʱŭˡ
ڽˮ£Ǻõһŭ߳ǣ΢΢֣һ־С£ȽСµĸȥ
ϵģС¶ˮڳĻֺᣬ·ûпһ㡣
Ҷ棬ϲƣȻңҴ򣡡
һɫӰĴ˽һɫһֱϮҶ棬ɲɵģɫȻӻԱһ
ɲǣĻವؾϨˣ·ֹһ㡣
ˮڵ˲ˣˮų̫ƽɫرˡ

˲Ϣ䣬ҶĶ䱻šΣҶ治ķҽʵɲǣҶ֪˭ˡ
ҪȻҶ˹ԹԵĽšΣߣҶĶ䣬˭šģ
ϰٺߵĿ⣬ˢľͼеҶոճֵηɰϡ
ͬʱˮų̫ƽңңηɰ׹⣬Ӵݹ٣ϷʧԶӭʧԶӭţ
ԣڳʱסˡ
ӣ
ηɰ״ºŲǽɲʲôʱӣ
Ȼˮų̫ƽλǿ߶ΪӣҲֻηɰΪˡ
ʵӵţˮų̫ƽżʹľˡ
ʱηɰ׵һ뽣Ԫ۹ҵǿ߹ƾŶԣηɰԳΪηɰס
ʱѺˮų̫ƽȴһ£ηɰ׵ĻŲɲʲôʱأ
Ϊ仰ηɰڻƾսܻƾ֮׷ɱˮų̫ƽҹ
˵һս̫ƽнʮΣҲһ׷ɱó̫ƽض򣬿ǷβƵƿ
Ҳһսó̫ƽ˸Σнηɰ׺ӣκ˲óƺηɰΪɲ
ҲΪһսó̫ƽ׵ηɰ׵սҲΪʲô̫ƽηɰ׵ɲǣɫͱԭ
ԶӭͱˣͽܸϳȥҾոˡηɰһƨҶԡ
ˮ˵ɫȴٴαˡ
ηɰСµʦ֪飬ֻСһ黹򵥣ηɰǰͲ˵ˡ
ڳ̫ƽɵηɰ׵ʵ¡
Ϊ֮ʣ̫ƽͽĿ⿴Ҷ߳뾰
ûǿҶ棡
νʵӢۣ
֮УеηɰҶʣó̫ƽ̾ѣǱֳʵ̫ƽԾ硣
ѾͻƵ̫ƽҶηɰļɵҪȻ̫ƽ緢ˡ
κһλǿ߸ո֮ʣ֮ʣСǰ£
Ҫǻˣȥˣ
⡭ﻰ
̫ƽЩΣСµĺĺôգ
ҪǣηɰҶֳͳ㲻ϲµľ档
ҶüͷҲ
Сˮڻ˵֮дСҪ쾭ġ
ֻǴʱǳ̫ƽ۷ʱ̣ҪôȥŪãͻݱˮڵս
ڸոնʤĺˮԣѣ
ŴεĽ֣ˮų̫ƽ齥ѿ࣬ڷϵ˫֣֡
ҶͻСµս飬һۣͽսݸһŭĿˮ
ϣս飬£ûʲôɣ
һ㣬漴ӹս飬Ӧǣû⣬û⣡
С£Ѿս飬մ֮žͻᰲŴ£ȸźϲɣҶС˵
С¶ҶޱױȵģϣС¹ԹģֻҶηɰˡ
ã
˵䣬Сյ˹ײ״̫ƽֺϲС½ף޽
˵꣬ҶСһԣηɰҲû˵ʲô
״̫ƽһ
˵ʵ£ҪҶ棬Щ֪ΰˡ
һ棬²ǵôķ͵棬󣬳˷;
һ棬ǷĻ̫ƽ֪Լмʤʡ˸£ηɰסҶ涼ŶβսĻᣬҶηɰױֳʵΪľûס
ﲻĺϲڼÿ˵϶ϲģСµĵȴˮڵˣͷһӰ
С±ΪڼҶ֮һţɳٶȱҶ滹Ҫ졣
ҶʤǿĿֲս˶СҲ˿־֮ġ
ߣһոջ龳صѾͷƬӣȻս飬֪һŭߣһͷʯʨڳȭͷ֮ķѣƾˡ
ҶӺؾصڲãСµΪͻƵ˻龳
һʱѹСµΪѾ龳һͻƵ˻龳ء
飡
Ҳŭˣ
ڴ֮ǰҶһֱѹһͷ
ҶͲ˵ˣڣһոͻƵ龳صС¾龳۷Ϊǰ
ߣսսҵһҽˣɵѾͷƬӣ浱ҳ۸
ԣǰͨϢȴɫţŵ˼ǣпܣ뷨Ժϣ
ԩ˽ⲻ˽ңҶηɰڲ࣬ҲûɱСµĿܣСµΪ٣ò˼֮˵һҶ桭
ⷬʱ쳣
֮󣬳ŵ˵ͷ
ϣ鷳ҵսӳɽӣս죡Ҫͣӳ죡
ã
ⷬҲ̾ѡ
ųˣ׵ĳˣ
Щľ٣Ѿó׵ĳˣ˵ģʺδˮš
ڣű͵ĵ룬Ѿʼ
ζˮ۵Ķ귽ʮ˵Ů裬ò֡
תۼ䣬ʱѹˮڵѾʼͿˡ
ſԽԽ٣ڣֻʣڵҶ桢ηɰס߳뾰ˣʰɾĴڣˮڵų̫ƽˮڵʮλųҲȫ룬էһмʾ˼
ܶʱ˶಻һڣ
ˮƣҶҲЩͷ
ţˣҲŸˣսһ£Ҷʵ
̫ƽûдǽĿ⿴ڽغõųʯ
ӵŵĿʾ⣬ʯҶ桢ηɰס뾰˹ֵ˵λˣҾֱ˵ˡνԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬɼ֮£ЩӣˮȷʵЩˡ
˵Щ޲ԸСһЩҲɣҸһºƽճǿأ


471 
һ˵ɣ
ʰɼҵʱɱ̵ʱΪʲôһֻǸͨϸˣҲǲɱʱΪʲôһ
ˮڳʯĻأС¾ͱߵŭСµĳˮ֪ɼһµĳǣһ˿ɫ

ʲôĲܹСˣܣ
˵С¶ᵤŭ߳㻹ǲˣҵֻܶűͷڹ𣿡
һʯˮ೤ϵɫʱͱˣˮų̫ƽɫҲΪѿ
ˮų̫ƽĶӣΪ츳ΪڣˮͶµһţСŭǼ൱ڴˮڵˡ
ߣС£Ҳ棬浱ҳ㣿
ǿǺˮƣҪˮЭΪһС¶˺ˮĿǰĴþ棬ҳͽСնڽ£
⣬һĳڣ
Ҷηɰ׽üһһԵϸ۶˸ոսŵĳнı
ͬʱӦˮų̫ƽ۾һУһӰηɰбĽ⣬жʱһСУ
ҶĿҲ˴ڵĳϡ
⼸Ѿñȵأʸӵ
ƾĶۣ˵ǰ仰ǺеģˮĿǰȷʵҪˮͬЭȷʵǿǵ˴֡
Ǻ䣬ҶͲôͬˣ뽫Сնڽ£ǲˡ
Ҫǣֹ֣Ϊ㿼Ǵ֣ͽĹһʹÿ˶ҪΪԼΪ
ǿʱȡ˵ôҪнɱľ
նڽ£֮ã
ϣ
һߣСгʱʣ䣬ڵ¶ʱ˼֣ͬʱһΪĸоشСϳ֡
ŴʱֽбָС£ˣҶ桢̫ƽʯڣȻһִ
Сеĳ·壬һ塣
С¾ǽС£
˽һ
ָоɲǣҶӶֱ
С¸ɴһĴУ׼ȷ˵С˽ɴУҶֻĳĴС
˽һݴзֳݣ˵ĽҲǽȻһġ
ҶĽǽͨǸСµĽе˽һǹԵġ
һֳͨ֡
ͻȻ䣬ҶʶСµĽʵܱеĻҪǿ
սսһ㲻ɣ
ţ֣ܶ
ͬڳȳɲǣˮڳʯһСм䣬赲סˣ
ʯʲô˼ҪԸ⣬ΪҪηɰ׶վ𣬵ϸһ侪˵ĽرǰҶ˲Ϣһĸо
̫ƽĿηɰףƶرǣʱηɰ׵Ľƶ
ͬʱˮڵʮλϸߣռҪλһԲͬʹ˶ֵ˼
Ҷ۾һУڱ˫Ĵǰ˸ں׹ͻȻҶ֣ԼԼһּ΢ĺ¡ƼΪˣ
ֺ¡ȻĵͣǶΪǿߵĳ̫ƽˮڶ꺣ϣƽؾף
˲Ϣ䣬ˮڵɫ䣬ҶȽϽλˮڳϣЩ˼ıܿҶ档
Ҷ˸׹⣬ǶϤЩ˲¼ʮˡ
ΪϤϤǳ˽⣬Բſ־쳣
꺣ڶҶʱһ׺УϾʹˡ
ʱԪ۹ĻҹƾҲĿ֮°һǾף˴
һսˮų̫ƽӰΪ̣ΪΪҶһǾףսƽصǿ߻ƾֱ·磬ƣűηɰش
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һʹԤʱԺС
˺ƤսôηɰԲסҲԸɵС£ʮλ꺣ǿߣȴܹɵҶ档
ܹɵҶ棬½ˮڵĳǵһǸࡣ
һĳǣ˵ҲɲҶ棡
ʮսѾó̫ƽҶʵһʶҶ治ǿ󣬶ҷҲǿܹӲߵȫһ
ҲѾͻơΪǿߣȴһֱ޷ǰǿӲԭ
й澭ηɰףһҶ棬ѾλӲǿߵĴڣҶôԸܴһֻ꺣ߵĴڡ
̫ƽĿʱ˳ʯʾ⣡
СִѣʲôصԭλȥϷ˵ϸ˵¡ʯһ
ʯĺ֮£õʾˮڳɢȥƣ뿪˷ռսҪء
ˮ֮ʯЦĽĿ⿴Ҷ档
Ҷ⣬׹һա
Ҷ׹վɲǣԼԼ䣬ˮڵųͬʱһηɰ̫ƽһۣҲͬʱƣ
֣С֮£и뷨һʯ˵
뽲
ڷţ뾰ҲһѺҪǸղǺˮõƣɾˡ
ɼ֮£ȻС²ԸִܲҪҳԱϷҲˣҲ
ˣϷм仰Ҫ
һǳС£ǳӴֳС½С£ʱӰҵĺӰ˺ˮò׵ľ棬ɾ鷳ˣ
ԣϷΪǽӻ㣬ֻҶϣҪǩһЭ飡
Ƕ˾˭˭¾͵Ϊֹ֮еκˣ£
˵꣬ʯĿ⿴ηɰס
ߣʯС±𣿺ã£ҴӦˣС½ձնɱηɰ׾޶ҲԲҳ֮鷳
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ã
أʯкãηɰֽĿ⿴˳̫ƽ
̫ƽһ㣬漴˵ǽ֮֮УСնɱ˳ˮԸķ䣬Բ£
ã
ηɰһ߳ȻˣǾսɣ
ţӣһҪһ䣬ɷٿһ£
ϾΪսţֻҪСԸȻԸʯٴǿ
أηɰֱӴС˾
ߣҪҾͳȫ㣡ȣ
ϣ
Сٴ


472 зʱ
䣡
ĻͻȻʹӳĿڡβθࡢλͬʱɳǳ޵席
ǰҶսʱ席ȣ席ǰɫǳɫûʲôֱ
񣬳席Ȼһ˿อ֮ɫ֮ɭ֮ɫֺ֮ס
席ڳתһ㻤֮ʣͻȻһ֮;С£֮͵ȼʮֺˣ
һ֣Ҷüë΢΢һһֿҲûɣƾһ֣һĻ꺣ص߾ͽӲס
席ɣڹп΢仯ֱ仯席һƾȷʵ
ݣ
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·ϸܵһ㣬ʱг˳ǧ飬һ˲ϢͻΪɢؼ䡣
ɫر÷ǳѿ
席ǿĹֶΣȻ仯ʵ벻С¾ȻܹƵɡ
֪ԭ򣬵Ҷȴ֪ԭ
Ϊһ֣С¾ͶǿֶΡ
ҶԸӦõһ֣С¾ͶҶͬһĽͨСµҶȴأ
һƵ֮ⶸشСǵصĴ˳
ÿһô󣬺֮ĴҲΪ۶ϡ
ҿǽص㻻ˮڵŴߣҪȻˮڵŴܶᱻС¸ˡ
ҶоڽΪϣС¿ܱҪ߳һȻǽ֮
Ƿ֮˵ڽĻ֮ϣС¾ԲҶĶ֡뵱˷ֱ𴫳еĽͨйء
Сµ괫еĽͨмĿܹĽͨҪȻƳ席𣬾Բɣ
ңһǺҲӵ˴óӦòɣ
ˣ
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һĸӦҶĿⶸϰٵеͻأֵһ
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СںеɱУȻĽ
ҶѾɹĽͨռнһĽ
أƲһּƵʸţ·ʱһ㣬ҶĽһ
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ԭҶȴ׵ģӦøҶһصһɫйϵҪȻҶĽӦñСµĽһ㡣
Ҷ֪ⳡսѾˣ
Ľֵɲǣͽˣ
ҶĽ֮꺣۷߶޷ܣ
СµĽ֮ԸΪֻл龳۷ĳûκ⣡
Ľһܱ߹սˮˣˮų̫ƽɫʱ䣡
ڣСɱĵ
ܿĽĿֲ
һ˲䣬̫ƽһвֵ˼
ų̫ƽɲǣһֲĽƶشӳ̫ƽ̫ƽΪ֮һʱսѹܣ
Сġ
̫ƽֻü֣ͿǵĽ·һ˳𣬶Ľƿ˲ϢϰٴΣҲûаĽ
ۣ
ʱ
֮й¶һӳĵ˿пһ˿ڵһ㣬ľڼʧţ
СµһĽֱӶ˳ĵ
ŵ˿ڴʧɢĿⲻ˼ĵͷԼĵﴦɫ˲Ϣɷޱȡ
ˮڹսڶųϣҲһ
ﱻֱӹᴩƣ޾ˣҺҲԳܵģȶ֫廹ҪԳܣ
︹ͨĽ˵ⲻǱᴩʹŵ٣ΪӴ˾ͳ׵ıˣ
仰˵ȻţѾ˷ˣ
ˣǿ׳ķˣ
ΪɵԭܹʮѪԪߣƾļʶ˵ܹùѪԪߣԪ֮ϣϣ
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ǣô߶ԸͣЩ;޴ǣҲֻǺһ㣬΢쳣Ľһһֹ֡
Сèһһ㣬ڸ߿УĿ֮ЩؽƷ޲ɪɪ
һĻСèϵҶ棬еķ
˵һĻҶԼҲľ졣
ƷףСèǵؽƷޣؽƷޣԶЩؽƷʺ˵ͬĵؽƷǿ־쳣ˡ
ҶĲ²⣬ӦøСèںعڷһԺ۵ĺɫ⻪йء
һʱ䣬ĳǸɫĿҶ棬۹Ű۹Ԫ۹龳ǣҶĿȴޱȳ羴
ֳ羴޹غޣֻغ壡
ĵңѪһϲߣԭĹӣʹޡ
Щű޺˵ǣÿޱȣ޲óХһֱ⡣
Щ龳ǵĳ羴ͬĴӳǣȴЩǵǣ
Ϊ£ʱֵӦǺˮ۹Ĳμʮ龳뻤ϡ
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ȻҶвʱ˭ûˣҶ˵ļ仰ĺϢ
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νƲۡ
սѪջʵ̫ˡ
ϢҶ⼸ûж˽⣬ԣһļž֮󣬵һģĳά
λսѪǰǺβһӿϣȸɵҶ棬پսѪĹά۸ߺ


477 Ѫ
λսѪǰǺβһӿϣȸɵҶ棬پսѪĹά۸ߺ
ء໡
άĺλʮλߣ·ΪӦάĺһ㣬ͬʱ߶Լޱɻ̤;޴һǰǵضɽҡҶƣ
һʱ䣬ƾˣƺϾҪ֡
ǣάȴû´ΧҶƣ
Ϊάһε
۸ߺ⣬ûκ˻Ӧ
ߣǻ۹߻ǹŰ۹ߣֻ߽Ԫ۹ߣĿ⣬ֵֹġ
·ڿʲôϡŹֵʲһ㡣
ĳάһֺܲĸоԼԼãпǺʲôҪȻڵ۸ߺ֮£ȻûжҲĿ⿴

СèٴηһХٴҪǣһΣСèˡ
Ϊ·Ⱥ֮УȻҶ桭ˣ
һһ֮һţһɲǣСèͽһֻؽƷ籪˵ڵأһڣҧ籪Դڵľ׽ֻ籪Ѫ
ֻؽƷ޵ˣʱˣ
ֹֻؽƷ籪޵˾ˣļλҲˡ
ֱﰡһ˲䣬ŭߣ³ɺޣĳά
ʱ̣Ҷ
УҶĿⶸؿάĿ
˵Ҫɵң
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άĿʶĿгǣ˲ͷ쳣ڳĳǶǻ꺣صĳϣôƺҶһ龳صЩɵ
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Ҷĳָˣ
ΣؼҶ׹ͺɱһλ꺣صϣȻк޷££ǿߣҲһܹҶɾ
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龳߸쳣Щ꺣ĻǣȴǸʧɫһɲǼ䣬貵Ĺ⻪
ˣڵлɣǹŰڵĻϣֻ˵Ԫڵĳǣڵһʱ佫ԼĻ߶˼¡
ˣЩ꺣صĳǣֵķֶΣǽȫ߶СķҶ档
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˭
䣡
߳һ׹һž׹һͬģһɫӡ

Ҷһȣӡ̺ĺɫ˲Ϣ䱬ĳɫܷƵΧ龳ߺ˲ѡ
ɢȥֻʣĳϼͬѪһ㣬﷢һһʹİ
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죡
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˲Ϣ䣬ҶսһӡǵĿС
ѪɫսѪ죬ƮħɽɽϿա
ͨ龳ߵ𾪣۹Ű۹Ԫ۹Ļ꺣ĳǣû龳ôˡ
ԭܼ򵥣Ϊ֪а
Ҷܹڻּնɱλ꺣ǿߣҲһԭġ
ԭ߱㡣
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ӽһҿҺˮ۹ΪԵɣҾȡʮλߵԴ
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𣡡
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꣡
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꣡
ɱ¾Ѫأ
۹ŰԪ۹ĳǸɫµ龳ߣȴǸĪѪڣ
Ǵж
Ӣۺú


478 ħؾ
СèϷһĽѪܵͷһλ׳ţ߳׵ߵʱ׳ţߴһֱεڵء
һĻСèס޴Ļе䶼֪
ĳάȴᣬ
̶һӵĹǰĽʮֻޣȫ¾һգżиҷģҲֲҶһ׹⡣
ϣһ߾ߵȫͷʬѪˮСϪһħɽɽ¡
άѵҪҶһ̣ͻأҶ澪װĺ߳
ңҡ
оҶе׹ȥάɴ⣬ǱλԵѾӿ񱼡
ʱڶ࣬ȱ޾ǵܻˣңܲƽص˵
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λһᡭǻ۹˳

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ǽԪ۹̫ҪսѪˣһΣƽ뺣طԼӵԪΪۣսѪ־ڱصá
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ʵΪǰĶ֮սǽԪ۹ʵǰĳϣ֮⣬˵Ϊǻ꺣أҶںͨĻ꺣ߡ
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лɻǻֻǣ˶ףҶڴ뿪ˡ
㿴ңҿ㣬󣬸Գ̾һ㶼˵ӵϸҵݣŷݵһȥ
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ħɽٴη˵ضɽҡľ죬ħɽƺ˻ζζУħɽ߷Ѫɫ⻪ԽԽŨһѪɫ֮ɽ֣תı
ʱ֮һʮ׼ѪɫйỴ̂սѪٴδҶ滳зɳӭһչҶ¹סһɲǣҶһԾ룡
ֻл龳֮µ߲ܽħսؾ龳֮ϵߣҪħսֻһ·սѪȥ

ԶתԪ۹ĽԪڳҧгݵķһѶߣҶ棬ҾͲţ㲻ҪǱƽ̶¸š


479 ħ
ѪɫʯͷѪɫСݣѪɫĵ棬ѪɫգɫСݣһѪɫħսڣһУҶǰһνʱ޶¡
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ǰҶոսħսãħʿûãֹܷģһĸħš
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ħսתһʱûκη֮Ҷֱħսġħ
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ǰľ飬ֻҪѪɫͨǰУҿͻһ䷿䣬ʼײˡ
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ǰҶ水սѪ챾ԴӡµķһߣսѪһѪ⣬סѪɫˮ̨
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483 ħĻ
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ΣĵطԪŨȱŨ٣ҶĿǰĵ⡣
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ƷŨͨطƷЩϡˣҲټУƷͺϡˡ
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ȼ֣һģһƷԪŨƷƷıƷ屶Ũȡ
ȼһǻһǽر
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ϹظУǶƽضǳ°תټÿһӣҲÿʮ꣬ϹظȴΪĳԭ֡
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ҪǣһεϹظճ֣Ѿȥʮ꣬仰˵ò˼꣬Ϲظ֡
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ҶЩ죬Ҳһ˵߷࣬ɽңеȹģǣɽչǸɵĵط
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ңҶΪֻл龳أǴСèҡУǻͼı֮ˣ񷽲ŵķǰ㣬ҶڹһˣΪֲߣǿᡣ
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493 ϲ

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ԪŨľˮһ㣬һڿܱܵһԪ
ָоصˮУ»صһȫ޴ӯˣƺһƮƮɵĸо
ҶǼ䷢ԼԼҶԺƹһ䣬ҶĿⶸرЩ죬ʶԶ˼
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ҶΪͻƵ龳ʱһʱĵƷ龧ͻᳬϰٿ顣Ҷ龳صΪҪȫ֮£һʱһǧǧƷ龧ûκ⡣
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ʱ֮ԺҶ滺۾УǹտȻ㡣
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˵ûħĻҶ뷨Ҳ޷׽ħĻġ

һҶһʱһѪɫ㣬ҶɲǣǸѪɫͻһԳԭצ
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Լӽٷ֮һ
˿֮ʧʱҶѾ׼ȷĹԼ̶ȡ
ٷ֮һ࣬ǣֻһֻͨħĻ깱׸Ҷ
ħڣħĻ껹ǧӴ󡣳֮⣬кüʮǿħĻеĻ꽫ͨħĻʮħĻеߣ˧
ҪȫҶҶҲҪ𾪡
ϲ֮࣬ҶѾʼͣĴħȡħĻͽԼ
ʱҶ˸׼ȷݡ
ֻͨħĻ꣬ܽҶĿǰٷ֮ʱĹĵʮֻħĻ֮Ҷ̶Ⱦͳ˰ٷ֮ʮ
Ѿһ֮ļˡ
˶̵ʱڱɣҶԿǶʼͨͷһһģ·ٶܽҶԴűһ㡣
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һˣҶ˼ӵĳ
֪»ûУ
ǲ»ҲҶ棬Ҷʧˣжѹ
뵽ҶӵżҶּεǣΨһϵʽ̣ûκζ
ԴӴħؾ֮Ҷһֱսָ´ʲôϢƵģɾûκζ
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ȴʱϢ֮⣬ҶһʱˣΪνһǧ
ÿ죬Ҷͨ߶ħĻһÿδԼҡԼҪҵʱܳ׵ȹ
ʱ䣬Ҷʽ뽫Լ۱Ĺ⻪ռݵĵڶ츳Ѫ̻
ϧǣҶԺʽģҲʩչʽʱõڶ⻪ռݵ츳Ѫ΢΢һ¶ѣ֡
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ò˵ħȷżмصһ㣬һսݣ켫ء
ֻҪսѪ쳹׵ĸǵѪɫˮ̨֮ϣܹ׵ĿսħǿĿħС
ССӤȭͷСڹҶ沱㣬
ΪǣҶͨ߶ħڵ󷨣ħ⡣ֻҪҶԸ⣬ħֻͬҪҶԸ⣬ħ̩ɽ
Ȼ̩ɽֻݣմѪɫˮ̨ϷϢħزа߶ħʮﵽǧļ
ħʱҲԳΪһɱﵡ
ħ󵽷ԲʮԽħԽ󣬷Խ
ҶԹģħһ䷿ĴСٴҶûҳԣܴСһϣһ汦λǿĴпǾ鷳ˡ
ͬģħһйܱ仯Ҫ龧֧֣ǳϹʱһޣľ޴
ҶֻǽħӰƴС˷СͶ龧ҵƷ龧ĵһ顣
Ҷ澪ϲǣħ澹ȻܹػĻػĻǿȷΪһ
ҶֻħŵС£ħػĻ򿪣ά֣ûκι£ĵһƷ龧
ҽͼһػĻǶػĻ˵ĸǻɱ
ֹˣħڣȻҲͬһ㣬䱸ܴڣÿһܴڵĴС֮ҶڽڼܴڣҪһϼΪ
ϧǣܴҶ沢ûлãҲãǶҪһΣǶҪˡ
֮⣬ħһЩܣ޴Ĳִ䣬ƶ£Իƶ
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ҵǣħһ󣬻ԶԪ洢Ȼ󹩸ħġ
ԪҲܹħճά֣ӤȭͷСҶؿڣôڵάֵġ
һԴһĶҪҶƷ龧ɡ
һҶͽսħо߰˰ˣܶòˣֻһûи
ħС˴Сʱܴܲˣ
Ȼ˵棬ҶһֱûħСè飬ҪĲУ˵˲ܹ˼⽬
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ֵһ˵ǣҶ޵ʱڣСèҲûš
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ҶԸӦСèΪëӹͷĺɫƸӵûκͻƵļ
ҶҲСèΪ츳ѪƣΪܹͻƵؽƷɾͻѾΪס
ҪٽһͻƵףǾˣֻܵȻԵˡ
֮ҶΪ龳۷壬ﵽƿҶһεĿ
ħڹŵħĻѾһ룬ҶΪڽԺʼĿ޵ĵڶʮ죬ҶΪͻƵء
ڵʮʱҶΪʹͻƵء
ΪۣҶΪѾ൱ڻ꺣صǿˣȻҲ൱ѣһģҶ滹ûп꺣Ȼǲ࣬ɲǵᲢۡ
ңҲҶչԭ֮ΪһͻƵ꺣ͼһ귨
귨Ҷ沢ûУûкõ귨ôҶһǿͼã
ҶӣڶµѵҶǷ⣿ദ˼ΣݵƹҶЩˡ
ȲˣԺҶĿһԺ̤
Ҷߺã
뿪ԺҶ棬ƹָһʮѶʹָ˳ȥһ˿Ц͸ǡ
龳۷߳صϢһһٿƷ龧ǽǧƷ龧쵽֡


495 ɵͻ֮·
ţǸ龳۷ɢ޳ˣߣȥ
ףˣˣУȥ
֮Ϊӻ龳龳۷壬ȷʵɣֻжʮңЩɵˣһҪ뷨ȡߣ
Ǹɱƹһβ֪Ϣת˶٣֪ǧƷ龧ԲϢߡ
ҶҲûϵһĿ֮أȻ֮иӿ
ʱҶ浽죡
ʤѪá¥ϵЩյѶ֮ʱ춯̷ֶĸ羢ҲյϢ
羢ɲǰ㼱ҴҵĸȥҶ棬ڿһ飡
ǰǼ£
ǰֶλ˲䶯һʱûץ֣ó̺Ǳ˿ЩЦ
羢һֱ׷£׷£ֶĶҲߴΣҳ֣
Դλ˱ɱ֮֮ѹûгֹһλ꣬ټȫޡ
羢ɲ֮ҳ֮е羢濪ʼжϣϸ顣
ɱĻ˷ǻ꺣صǿߣ⻤Ҳǻ꺣صǿߣյ֮󣬽ӣ˾ͱɱˡ
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һһɸȥ羢Գʰ˼龳صĶʮҵߣûһϺ
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ɵǣ羢滳Ǹɱ˵߻᲻Ѿ뿪ǵʱ򣬳յƹ鱨
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ߣսǿ󣬾ڵҶ
ΪĳЩԭ羢涼ݽҶ澾ˡ
ԣʱյҶ߳صϢ羢붼룬ʱֶеİλ̳ϸټ˹
ȻǸҶܹں̵ܶʱڸɵ̵Ļˣ˵Ӧӵкͻ꺣۷߲ս֮ʲôֶΡ
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ģҪؽƷ귨ˣЧһ۸ҲʮƷ龧ʮƷ龧֮䡣
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ҲҶ浱ϻҵĴ󲿷ֲƸҳǧƷ龧ҪȻ治˴ֱʵĻ
Ҷһؼѹûһؼȫڵʷޡֲϡ
ģؼܹҵһЩ򹫿۵νǰ˵顢ĵȵȡ
ҶЩҵһЩԽȵȣܹ۵ģҲȥ
ҶӺ顢ĵҵڵ;ӵеȻֲҩǵҩͬʺϵھͲһʺϡ
Ҷӻ龳۷ͻƵ꺣Ĺؼʱ̣
ȻӵиõȻҩֲǴ龳ͻƵ龳Ǵӻ龳ͻƵ꺣ҪȺͻɵö࣬Ҷҵɵͻ֮·
ϸжһ£ӦûҵҸȫ˽ڵպΪؼ봢ָҶٲ̡̤
̤ɲǣҶ͵һ
Ϊ̤ŵɲǣʮĿ⼸ͬһʱ


496 
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ֻҪҶʤʱԼãʤĴÿС
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Щ˾ȻҶʲô֪ô£
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ңҶҪ
ÿǣҾܾҶ̬ȶرǿӲ
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ʶģѪɨһֶۣ渱羢ڶѪֵУиһ˿֮ɫ
һ羢壬Ѫѹ
תͷɲǣѪ۽ǵȴɨ˸羢ɢ˷İϢ侪˵ߡ
ֶ˻Щ˾ȻȫˣҪԸң
һ䣬ת֮䣬Ѫ΢΢һһѪһ㣬ֱգȻֱӷҶ档
Ѫº𼫶࣬볤֮Ŵ𣬴ʱֶĸ־ҪԸ
Ҳ͹˲ҪԸҶ棬ͼˣΧ
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ͬʱǰ͵羢ңңɢĳֶ˻μʱ˷ΧסҶ棬硣
ԿóҶ춯˾ͻ붯֣ҶƬ
ǰɱ̻˷ӵˣǲ㣿羢Ʋǰʣ


497 
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羢ô˵ɱ˵ģǰҶģ
ҪˣǷŵͱЩЦˡ
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ڣŷ̵֣Ŀ꾹ȻҪҶġ
Ҷôǿսǻֵá
˼䣬ѪֿҶĿⶸر쳣
һʱ䣬˵Ŀ⣬Ҷ棬ڵȴҶĻش𣬰ֶĶ羢Ҳˡ
̹˵Ⲣ羢硣
ǰ羢׷ʱеĿֶΣץסһ̿һӲģֱ㡣
֮ԭġ

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ǰڱնɱ׷һֱ޹ó̵Щ𣬽ǡ֮У羢ҶЩս߶ԣ
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羢ɫر࣬˵ҶģҸһᣬ͸һʹҪȻ
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501 ֲ
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ֵɲǣѪֵѪɫצϵһָͻرǣָһͻһλ̻̳ϵľ
ǣλ꺣صĳ̻̳ϵĻѪɫָǰ·ֽһ㣬˲Ϣ˺ƣԴ뾱ǻеѪس
յˣ
ǿԴɲǣѪֹֽһҲһλĶһһ첲Ѫģĳ̻̳ϣ鳲һͶԶȺ֮У˲Ϣʧ
ѪӶݵĶ죬ҶĶ죡
޴һҶξԭʧٴγֵɲǣҶѾСèıϡ
ƻۣСè֮Զȥ
ҶȥϢ֮һΰӰо͸Ͽգ·һѹͷſڵĻ꺣ߺЩ
ڻ龳ߣֱӰ׻˵ϣһͨ죬ֱ
ǣֲֶѹ˰Ϣ쫷ĺһ㣬˾κˣҵĲ
ǰҶһɱ羢˵ޱ𾪣˲Ϣͱֲѹˡ
Ż˻ǣ˲Σ
άκأ塭
磿
һҹͷ羢ͷɲǣĶͷ͵رѪһ˵档
һˣصĿֲڣƽһ˫ֽ˫֣̲סľҲ
ͷ
صͷʬ尡
ͷܹɳΪǿߣһǴʬɽѪдģôͷ
µǣһ߾ʬ壬һͷȫǳ̵ˣӢ⡢ܹ֧ųֶתһȺˡ
ûǣϣ̵ֶҲʵˣ
ң˭ɵģ˭ɵİ
˲Ϣ䣬ҵǳ̵ľӢ߲֮ΨһĻˡûȡұۣظѪģ
Ŭ죬˵ʲô̫أȻһ᲻
״ȡһžӨ͸ĵҩĿУֱһĻѨ˳˯УȻˡ
һ˲䣬ڱԵĳֶԶΧŭ𣺡˵˭ɵģ˵һУĸɱĸɵģ
ǣȴûһ
Ҫʱŷų̵ĵӣͣ˵ʲôһֶ˵
ףΪѹֱֲ̫ѹƵЩΪµĽ˵Ҳ˵
ѹһգڳĽ˵˷ŵΣۼģֱָʧһ⡣
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͵תͷʧߵһ⣬Ŀر쳣
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ЩǸʮϵǣʤ¡ϵԪ¥Խ־УȴǸȻɫ
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һ̵ĳֶĳص⵽ԵĴͱ̶ֳȣܽ̾ͻɳɱأ̩ɽѹ֮ƺɨƽصĵж
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ǳ޳ܣŰǵÿʵҲˣ֮ڣǣ
˵䣬Խ־еҲʹʧҲʧȺС
һʱ䣬֮Уড

һҶСèٶޣٶȳǡ
ɽǵ⣬Ҷ潣ͨУȻüԶҲܸӦ̺ϢĲͬѰ
οԹĶѪ֣Ҳתӡ

ǿߣ
˵Ի꺣۷ǿߣҶǼþѹ׵Ĺ򾡳չ黹ȡʤĿܡ
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ԣڷпǿԮ֮ʱҶһʱתӡ
湻ˣҶʱ䡣
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ǰСèٶȣһɡ
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һǧļٶȣܸصĹƴ£ӽһǧʱ٣ܹʩչͨĻܡ
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̶ʮϢĹСèѾܳ˽ʮأҸ츳ܣޱƺҶƺ֮С
ҶãѾ˳Ƿֶˡ
ͻأҶֻ죬͵ػͷȥ
һҶͫһʱһͷ綷ĸо
£鷳ˣ


502 Ҷͳȥľϲ
ƲУһֻֻ򡢳ǻȸͻسƲ֮Уȸ䣬֮֮ɢ
ȸ峤ʮɣ߰ʮٶȼ죬ĳ΢΢һסƻƣ˲Ϣ쭽׷Ҷ档
ȸҶԼϵãΪȸһּޣϲƷ׸ǸߴƷ
ȸںѾûгֹˣҶֻں޵ͼϼҶû뵽Ȼܹޡ
ǣⲢҪģ
Ҫǣȸıվһˣ̵ۣһȸ֮ϣĿĶҶ档
ҶͷͻָҶ棬ңԶľ£ɱͬˮһӿ
Ҫǵģȸٶȼ죬ڷɿҶ֮ľ롣
˾ǰ׷ɱҶĳֶĶ
ҶüͷؽҶĿȸٶȣʱپԳһǧѾСèսѪӳµٶԶˡ
ҿӣʱٶȣȸļٶȡͼϵޣȸû𡢼ٶȣٶȷ츳ӦñСèҪǿһЩ
ӣЩѡ
룬Ҷ滹ڵһʱ߶սѪ죬һѪֱħ֮зɳСèڡ
󷽽׷ҶüͷȴЦֱһ괫ôɱҳ̵ˣ֪ˣ
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죬Ҫúϣɱҳ̵Ļ̳ϣֱ֪
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Ҷ治֪ȸּ״ֶ̬ܹãҶԿ϶ƷȸԻȵؽƷֵʱ䳤
Ҷߵĵģ׷ȸıϣҲǱףͣĴ߶еĿȸһһঽ밧ٶȣȴı¼ӿ졣
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ѪֻͨͣҪһܹʹ̵ʹɣֱֵ֮ܡ
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䣬ħʼٵı˲رһ䷿ССèʱľ˺ıħڵʵʵġ
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ܴ¶ɲǣСèٶؼһٶȣ˲Ϣͽǧʱ٣
Сèٶ轵󷽳ȸԼٶ׷ĽӽҶ档
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ǰ֮п漱Ҷ汻Լٵ׷ȻǴϲֻҪ̵ʮͿԶˡ
ͬʱҶħѪɫˮ̨΢΢һͬһ̣Ҷ涯Сèٶٴ轵ͣ˿С
ڴͬʱϲɫոոյһ;ҵĳ鴤
ҫ۵·ɽһǰ־֮ɫʱ˫ۣ
ܴڣôܣ
ҲڴʱҶ̾ϢһһڣʮƷ龧㹻㾪ϲ˰ɣ


503 ɰ
ˮͰϸܴڹ·һ㣬һĹβųֶȥ
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ħܴڵ̣ɴ
֮£ﻹԣ˻䲻Ŀʮ֮ڣС
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ЦʮƷ龧һǧƷ龧̺һȥģ
һڣҶ֮һң
ΪѾصһɲǼ䣬Ҳһٵĸо
ܴںѹκ˼ʱ䣬ֻǱܵģڱʹȻʯ䣬һźʹһȣһµȸڡ
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ʱȸ׻޷֮£ĺݲ֮£벿嶸һ׹Ӧģǰͼε
΢΢һ̣͸ոӭ˼ܴڵĹ
йܴڷ·ˮйһ㣬ȸͷ
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ȸȡĻʱ䣬ҲϢûУǣϢʱ䣬һλصǿߣ㹻ˡ
㹻ܶˣ
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ͬʱܴڵܹ߿ȸǰ壬Ҳһ˲ʧ
ϧǣܴڴݻٵδʧĻӰ
ֻһ˲䡢һɲǵĹ򣬵ȻҪĻ侲ݣ
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ΪҶ濴һĻӰ
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ֹУһ˿һӰ죬Ӱʤܣ
ͬʱŭ쳣óһӰѾҶϿա

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ԣһƣҶֻӲӣ
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ܹΪǿߣ޲ǴѪȷдģı£ȱֻҪʩչĻᣡ
ٴα׺ɲǣһɫͻȻʹĴָǰƾձ

һػͻȻǼһһ׺ȥȻû飡
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һ仰Ҷ漸ͬʱģ
׼СèһĴܳ
ܳɲǣһӰԶĳĿ
ӣûţŭŭ
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ŭɶ׷ҶЦûȸʲô׷ң
˵꣬ҶһǰˣҶϥˡ
ҶϥµɲǣĿͻһһʱˣ


504 ռ
СèĺҲǷűɰƺеĵطʱѾŧҺɢһȳζ
ҪǣжŧĵطڲϵţҶոտʱֻȭͷСôһ黯ŧʮϢĹѾ˰ƴС
ңСèʩչǬСͣǽȫſжж
ԣǿߣҲӲɰƣɰƾ綾ޱȡ
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ҶĿһԶֻͷ󷽣󷽣ĻӰ´µܹȻʩչͨ׷Ҷ档
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ɰƣʮϢ֮ھͻᶾϢ֮ڣ꺣߾ܹС
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ҶٴԶǰɽѾ´µĸǰֻǣտȥգۼľ룬һΣҶȴö갡
ʱ̫ˣ㵽㵽
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ΪжСèٶѾԽԽˣɱҶķٶҪһ
죡
ⲻͣţϢɢΣСèŽС˼èС
СɲǣҶһѾͽСè˻޴ֵ֣ɲǣһƬ
ͬʱΪһ飬󷽵Ѿٵ׷˶ʮڡ
״Ц
Ҷ棬ǰɣһΣӣ
Ҷû˵ĻͷһƳԭʧһʱݳͶԶɽ֮С
գ۵ĹҶγ⣬ոճֻ֣һʧ
٣ͨ
һ龳߻ͨҲ٣ļˣ
һһ˸ʧԶҶ棬ݺݵĲ˲۾飬ȼ˹ҪԾ
ΪĿҶ龳ʩչͨȻͨӰݣҪһɣһЩ
һ£һֿڣӰٴν׷ᣡ
ȻͨҶʱʩչͨҪһ㣬ţҶӲĵġ
ʱʩչͨģɲǻ龳ܹܵġ
ţֻҪסҶ棬һɻ󣬶ӭж⣡

ҶѾˡ
ʩչ߰˴ģȫԳܡǣڰʩչǧģͲҶܹܵˡ
ϻָЧõľת鵤ѾҶ̵һƿˣҩЧԽԽڵԽԽϡ
Ȼ˫иһ쳣Ʒ龧ɸġ
ңʱǿȵҶľһֱ鴤ĸо
ͷһۺ󷽵ɽ֣ѾӰӣӦУǿֲѾ΢ˡ
֮ҶĸӦѾûôǿˣҶţܲɽ֮С
ˣСèƣٵˡҶһĽ
һɲǣλɳɲǣҶһسħľ֮ϡ
ɵͷ͵ԳһŹӰֳĹӰȴҶ档
һֻ峤ʮףչ׵ħ
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ͬʱ󷽽׷鶸һ
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Ϣ
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һ˶ɫӡشԺɳ˲һĶԲȻ󣬺Ȼ£
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תۼ䣬ԲʮﷶΧɽ֣Ǳ󴸸һһ㣬ľɽͷȫĨƽˣ
ֵ̺ʽĺҶ棬ɼҶԹж
У·ǳªİ̺һıĨƽɽ֣üͷ
ҶûùϢڸƾʧˣ
У
ԲУ
üһǰȥһӣӥһ㣬޲ô͸صף;УǷܹɽһƺ£͸Ĩƽˣ
ʮ
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תۼ䣬Щ¡
⻪һͷħͱһģ
ۣ
ͬʱͷѪӰʨĶͷͬʱһѪ
һɲǣҶһͷͷѪӰʨ֮УһۿռСҶ治ζεȳ;ˡ
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ԸһҶٴδܳСĽͷѪӰʨʬѪʰһɶ
һλصǿ׷ɱҶΪõıֶΡ򲻹ܣҲˣݲҶ治ġ
ǰҶǿ߷ŶԣСèսѪӳ֮£ҶСèʱԶݡ
һΣСèȴˡ
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Ҷ濴ۻͽСèڣţ뺣һ㣬ѹ˻
ҵǣСèͨԣܹתڵҶ棬Ҷһ㣬һһģϻСèڵĶء
֮Ҷ涸سһƣ̱ڡ
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ɰأҶеĻҪѲö࣬ǳҲѻ⡣
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ȴǲٴˡ
ޣѾˡ
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ңδ죬ԽԽ࣡
ֱĳһһֻǿҪռΪԼأͲҴˡ
ڣҶȴ뿪
Ҫ쳣֣Ǿ鷳ˡСèڵĶȻסˣɰ֮δȫ֮ǰǾԲҶġ
һù磬סĶٱɢǾǴҲȲСèˡ
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Ƭ֮Ҷݵһ㣬ּչŲٶȣ˿ڿзС
һ·룬һ·ɽԽ룬Ҷ˿ûðκһֻ޵أûоκһֻޡ
һ·ϣܿ˺üȺӵޣҶʧѡ
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ϧǣҶѾаʱûпӰˡ
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Ҷɽ֣ҶԼĴ㡣
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յϢҶƣν޵ĽѾ̫Զˡ
ҲˣҶСġ
ÿнһξ룬Ҫһ
ͻȻ䣬һƾͷҶͷɲǣͿһֻɫβҶͷӹ
βҶ۾˲صɴĿⲻ׷ȥ
ҶĿ׷ȥɲǣֻոմҶͷӹβҲͷҶ档
·߲ʱʯһκĿ΢΢Ҷһۣһ֡
κĿ˸֮ʣҶͻȻһֻ㱵ĸо׹ⲻӿ


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أ
ʹŭĺ쳹ɽ֡
ͬʱһܹ˺Ʒ˶Ĥĺ˲ϢҶһ飬·оһ㣬ֻ㱾ʱʧ
أҶˣ
Ȼ󣬾;ˣ
˼ĿԼ˫֣ٿǰⷢȻȻɢĿֲϢҶĪ
ôˣ
ͻȻ䣬ӰһζһβͣĿ
Ȼ󣡡
ôµҶ棬ʱ
ˣ
໣
űҶ澪׺еһֻɫǣǳĳߣȥǳı뺷
ŭĺţͷһͣͷǸĶǾͱһɫҶ档
Ҳ٣
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Ϊ棬Ҷ˳ɨһֻβ
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ϼأһԻĵı£ֻ伫亱ֻһΣȻҶɽˡ
βȻ˵Ҷ棬βָ£߶ֵľף˺׷ɱֻϬ
ʱΪҶɹϬһ£βѾʧԶϬѾҶ泹׵ĸŭˡ
ţƽţϵɲǣͳҶ棬·ֱҶ̤⽴һ㡣
һ̤ǵǵضɽҡƺɽֶڻζһ㣬һſ˺ϱǧϬĺֱײз·ǩһ۶ϡ
ÿһ̤涼һ׼ĴӣһУҶĿѣѣҪǱһ£¹ʲô壬ȫñ⽴
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˿ֲޣɢƷϢǾƺûʲôޣҶܹģжԶӶԶ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ汳óһƬ⣬ȥ
ƣ
Ҷ⣬ϬƺҲҶҪʹȥһŭĺУǰ߸̧ȥȻݺݵ̤˵档
һ̤ȴǰһһ̤£һȦƵ˷ɢ
ˣ
ոӶݵҶ棬˲Ϣ;ɽ·ŵ׹һɽһ㣬ӲĽ״̬д䡣
ɢȥҶһöеµһ㣬ݺݵڵϣ
ݣ
֮ϷɳݺݵĳҶϣҶĳֱӱñ飬Ĺشӻǰұϴ
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ҵ죡
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ƹ֮ʣҶѲõ׷ǲһ̤
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ƣ
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ô˻ᣬҶֱӳϥԶӶݡ
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ҶҶһܹӰߴ
ҶһΪɲǣŭĺУϬһֱӺҶһӰ
ڿӵĸӰϬһ£һķŭƽţ󲽣׷ϡ
ÿƽһϾͻһҶӰɷ顣
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սôãҶҪϲһǾĲһϸߡ
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ǷŵҶڸٷдֱקı£ٿصش֮Ľ
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ֻϬĶǳĳ࣬ͼϼأϬߣϬţȺмΪϬ
˵ʱֻ׷ɱҶϬӦһֻϬ
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ȻлһࡪҶ棡
ǰӵҶ棬ȴƵֱѪ
ְ߱
ǰ챻׷ɱ죬ոͱ·һֻСһѣֱһֻϬ׷ɱ
ֻϬ׷ɱҪϬüΣƵҶһͶħƹˡ
գһҶɫͶһ䡣
֪û뿪ɽ
뿪գû뿪Ĵˡ
ϬߴＸʮף峤ϰףһ·ֱײŭƽУĶ̫ˡϴʱܵ޳Ⱥ޾ֵĽ·ɽХһ㡣
Ҷұ֤⶯˵Ǽ⣬Ǽǧ⣬ҲӦǿߡ
ֻҪһʱܹҶ٣
뿪ɽ
Ҷú
д뷨Ҷһ߻ûӰӣһ߿˼֮һʱʱĹ۲ա

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ǲˡ飡
ҪǾֻȥǿߵͷֶͳ׵군ˣǳ̷ֶ棬Ҳûжſˡ
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ϣ
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κ쳣Ķ鷢
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ʵģһӰ̳֮ء
֮ͨ£ǧ·̣Ӷ͸ϵˡ
Ŀģˮһǰƴܵĸָޣɵġġġؽ׵ġ׵ȫУֱһĻ澰
֮£ȻҪ̽һɲǣͻط˹̳м޳еһӰ
Ӱɲǣ۾ʱˣ
Ҷ棡
ˣѶõҶ棬Ȼ
һ˲䣬һֳХһܵĳ嶯ҵˣһΣӣ
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ҶͻȻתЦһĹУظͷ
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̫ˣ˭أ
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ͻ¶һȻҶ淽ŵЦԼԼ䣬ȻЩ
Ҫʲô
Ŀӥɨȥͫͻһ
ˣ
ɲǼĹǰһɲǻЦҶ棬ͻȻͲˣƾʧˡ
һȥǱϬϵɢӵޣѹҲκӰ
Ȼһֻ޳֮йǰħ̫̫ˣ˿û⡣
ƣ
еѰҶӰʱ·ͻһŭ
ͷɲǣͿϬŭţһѾſ
üͷ͵һ塣
ƷޣԸǷǳ鷳ģϬƤǿޣһѲ
ܵģһתۣԶǷ֮أȻȥѰҶ档ȻҶôʱڣҶӲⷽԲǧ֮ء
ҪӣϬǷ˷һһǰ߸𣬺ݺݵĲ棬һȦҫ쳣ɫ˷ɢȥ
ͬʱոתεظоһŵ¾׹һɽһ㣬ֹסŵ׹ȥ
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󺧣
Ϳ۾ѪѪϬƽһһҲƵĿ
һĻҲƲѣûϬѵϬˡ
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һˣϷҶЦݣҶǱõøΪƵò˲Ϣ䣬һжˣ
ˡ
۾ͨϬͣʩչشŲĽڵϣǸһһ
Ҷ棬Ҳڣ
ɽУϬƵǱӴܵƿڴ
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ֹǷŭֱŭ񰡣
̶̼ʱڣѾҶ˺üˣ
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ԭϬ׷ɱҶģڣȻҶ棬׷ɱ
ңпѱ֣
裡
Ѫܰ
ֻѪֱ磡
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ûǿŰ
ҶҲû뵽һλǿߣϬʱҲǱŰ³
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ҪȻҶѾϬˣ
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û뵽ӹˣ
Ҷ׼óˡ
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ҶȻ˵ģøһģһܣŪ߰˷񣬻Ƿǳɵġ
ȻɱʱҶ߶ûľ飬ССʩչһϬҶǷʧڵķ
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ǿ֮࣬Ϊʲô磬ǱͳΣǿޣɲòǿߵ
ΪΣ
Ϊޱһǻۣ
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ǣûãҵϬ㡪ͣ
ʮףһʮףʮ׵ͣϬͨƵشŲԣȻⲻ˱׾
Ҷһ˲ΪԪʱ似׷ǲһ㣬ת˲䣬Ҳһ似
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ͼϬͻطһشⱬɽһظն𣬷ˡ
ȴϬҲԼѾжжĹู˿ڣѾóһˡ
״ǲŹ
εıҶƣһŭ޴йֱݺݵһͨòռ˵Ϸ磬ߣ
ζһӰܵϬ׷ȥԺ⻪һɰƶϬ¡
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̵ϥ
ϬսУҲܴڸܴѪ˵ˣ߹Ƕ۶˽֮һش֮ļѹѰ
ҲɰƥҪǻһصǿߣѾϬĸд㣡
ԶУҶĵĿֻɨһҲûҿ¾
ϸ˼һЩҶ˳֮ͻϮĴ㡣
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ȻͻϮĴ㣬Ҷɱ˼ȴǰδеĳң
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ĵǣڴһĻôҶ棬ܵûӰ
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ҶǰЩնɱĳ̸羢ˣҶһöָ
öָУʲٵģҲߴƷ龧羢Ĵָڵ龧ߴǧ顣
ҲãԼСģɲϣѶϢ
£Ҷηɰ׶̵ϵʽϾǶڷı޷ɵͣԱ㽻ȡ
½봢ָҶ˵鶼ͬˣǰֳüĽ꣬ѾʧӰˡ
Ҷ治һˣһ뿪ǰǰ̽ˡ
ǰߵһģľȴر
ݣ
Ҷһ㣬һӵһ֮ϣԶĴɽϣ󷢣
ҶǾ뿪ɽǲ̫ϧˣò׷һͷ׵ޣܲһ£
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ԣããɽ֮ҵһͷ޵Ϣ֮أֱ죬ǲܵ顣
ǣҶɽ֮ԣȴ׾٣
һ·޷ݳϵԽҶĶ䣬ɲһ
Щ޳ϵܶ඼û壬Ǻģʤֻ࣬ҪҶϸֱ棬ܹҳ˿켣
û߾Ҷ涼ܹ
ɽеҶһ·򱱣ģֲԽԽ٣¶ʯԽԽ࣬ǰһݲʯҴϿȵʱҶǰѾǴݲˡ
ݲĵط޳ҲҶҲͻжˡ
ǣҶȴףѾҵĿĵأֻǷΧЩˡ
޶ԼϰԣϲڸԼԲĵطϲޣǾԲˮߵġ
ϬߵشԣϬϳ϶ǵش֮ʢĵط
Ҷ濴ʯҴϿȵʱҶѾʯ챻׹ˡ
ңԽӽʯҴϿȣء
Ҷ֪ʮа˾ţϬ;סʯҴϿڣ
֪ϬĶΣܼܲˣ
˼䣬ҶϢ̤ʯҴϿȡ
Ҷ̤ʯҴϿȵɲǣһҶԺôŰˣ


512 սϬ
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ǻͿһˡ


513 ϬҶ츳
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˲Ϣ䣬ڵϬ·ǻһ㣬׳˻


514 ش
ϲɫƵĸҶա
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ҶȴܸӦ̺Ӵĵش֮Ҷ澪ǣش֮У̺
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ӨӨʯ飬Ҷ۾ص˸Բش飬˲õĺñ
ϬĶߣҶȻû
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515 ྥ֮·
ӰӺɲǣҶʱͲˡ
ܵģ˵ʶģҶΪӰҪش飬ϾشǼı
һҶ˵ش飬׼Ϊһŵش˵ͬʱѾӿҶġ
ĿǰӦ˵Ҷ淴Ӧٶ似һܹԸǿߵͨ似
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Ҷٶȼ죬ӿĵɲǣһŵشץУ׵ʱҶȴǴסˡ
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ôƬɫҶӣ·ѹҽһ㣬ҽϿոܲһ˿һޱȡ
ҩĵر
һĻҶ氵ԿǿҲûãྥΨһһųĹʵѾ˲ˡ
һԣһֻƯ쳣ββУһ۶ϵĸϣһɫ졢īɫߺ۵Ĺӡ
ǳྥǸ۶ϵĹʵ֮һ
㣡
βɲǣҶףֻһӰӦþֻβ
Ҷβ΢΢תͷһԴ߲΢΢һתҶ棬է֡
ǿβתͷɲǣҶʹ
һһͨͬʱһеĴ߶𽣵䡣
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ǣҶ淴Ӧٶٿ죬ôһߡ
߲Ҷֻһ㱣ĲһӣȻӰҶһ
ҶָʱβѾʧˣҶĺ󱳣Ѿ亹͸ˡ
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ҶɴƶϣβսӦòǿϬĶ֣ҪȻҪྥĹʵӦòҪ鷳
ǣβȻ츳ȴַǳĿֲҶĽͨ޷
ĹʵѾβժˣͰ͵ĹӣһûгĹӣժȥҲá
룬Ҷ濴˸µҽϷһ㾧ӨҲǷժƬྥҶҲǲһˡ
ྥĹʵҶ֪֮㡣
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ǽӴҶʱĸоȴҶ˼ҶоҶҪǳ༸ϢǶᱻ˵
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Ҷһα׷ɱɽ֮£ɱһδϽ̵ľ޶龧
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Ϭľ飬Ҷ淽ŵõżĵش飬ֲôˡ
شǵش֮ӣڵһŵشӣӴ˿ĵشҶ濴ҲȲϬľ顣
д˺ջҶѾ֪ˡ
֪ǳྥĹʵҶûء
ΨһҶģֻβˡ
߲֮еĹ⻪Ҷĸоǳ֡
ҶӦĿ⣬һ޵Ŀ⣬һ˵Ŀ⡭
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ҶҪһʱ˽ڵһУҳĲͬȺӷḻĵرԼ滮һ֮·
ȷԼ֮·Ŀ滮֮ҶŻ뿪ɽ


516 
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ϵ˼߶ǻǣΪνǣԭֱˡ
Ϊ֮Уп򣬶һֹһλȻ˲ࡣ
Ȼ䶼ǵĽзҲɡ
ΪԪŨԭּ࣬ͨգҲǧݻѾʧˡ
֮ģһǿŸɣȻҲû˷ɵ˵
ʵºܺ⣬ֻǱȺݻø׶ѡʵԵʣڵĻȨѾǳˡ
ˮ۹λĸҪ׿ϣʵ´ͷһа״
Ҷû뿪Ǻˮ۹ĻʵҪֵöѯһ˵ˡ
ǣǿɽ޽Ķɽ޽䶼޽ʮɽеɽɽɽ֮¡
ɽƶԶԶȥһֱ޽ɽɽ϶н䶼ֱһ˼ɾĸо
Ҷʱ䶼ǰʮңңĹ۲ɾ䶼һĴ㵡
ҶĴ㵣ȴΪ䶼Ĺģ
ںʱҶĳǳأǻ۹ˣǳǳܳһٰʮ˲õĴˡ
䶼Ҷڸ߿գĿȻͷ
ֻľǽ˸ӰݺᣬҶƣռҲ﷽Բɼ䶼жôķ
û䶼Ҷɽой伮֮󣬶Ŀĵء
ɽԼʮԼĪʮҶСèнʱ䣬Ÿϵ䶼
ҶոյʱһڣڵҶ棬оôйĵ伮֮Ѿǰˡ
ֱʱҶŮӤ˵ΪʲôҪϽҸˡ
Ϊһûм͸ںûйһ㡣򣬼һֵصİգҲĳΧԱ
һ꽻һ˰ĿܹǸıӻˣʱѲߡĳԱ¡ֳԱһץǾ͵սˡ
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ٻ꺣ĳɹʣҪȡ棬һǿ
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˻ŵĻһУͨ˳֮Ϊǣ߳Ϊ꣬ɢܹжҲʬɡ
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ҲǺһڻ龳۷һԭ
һֲΪֲĺСܳɣӡ
а񡢾ġȶֹЧã˵ȴǿֱӵ׳꣬걾Դġ
ЩšоԶңеΪﵽ龳ҵʱ򣬾ͻúӡ
շһ֮Ȼӻ龳۷ͻƵ꺣֮󣬻谭һԳɹ
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˼꼫֮⣬ߣֻҪһźܹںİͻƵ꺣
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ֻҪҵ¥ÿڣҶĿǰܹˡҾҶ֪䶼¥ÿڣ޽Ʒ֮ϵľ¥ڳԱ⡣
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λʲôҪܸС˵¥ˣֻҪйصģ¥ӦоУеģ¥Уûеģ¥ҲС
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¥ķû˵Ҷո̤϶¥һλ̬ŮӭλˣҪʲô֪ū澣ū澿Ը·

Ҷ㣬ȲܱģȽͻƵ꺣õĺ깦Ū˵Ȼ˵Լ߲ݵ顣
ŮЩĿҶһۣ룡
ִ£λҪֻܽˣ
ŮеִϢ¶տȻȻΪҲǲס
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ҶִµüͷҶ棬һҪ֪¥ǹһλġԣ룬ֻѡ񡣡

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ѡǡ
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ִ˵꣬ҶʹִµĻֱ˵˾
Ҷִµüͷʱ
Ҷ棬ǲЩ̫Ϸˣ


518 Ь
̫ϷҲáҶ浭Ļһ䡣
ִ±һ漴ֿĵȰҶ档
Ҷ棬ǴģǴƫƧĺģЩ飬ǲףںһе̳
򣬻龳صΪ治ʲôȱ츳һߣҲɵ
֪һλǣΪ͵һλǺΪִʵ
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ŵִǸһǣΪָָҶ档

һ㣬漴ЦⲻǿЦɣһ龳صߣҲս


519 
ִ£ⲻڿЦɣһ龳صߣҲս
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ҶĻ꺣ڣһһǶһ㣬ֱ庣ףֱֲ񷣬Ҷ꺣֮ڡ

ʱҶһҲͷ亹ͼæ߶Ĺ곹׵˻꺣֮ڡ
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꺣͸Ӳܹ˵ҶˡҶѾ׵꺣֮У꺣֮еκεط֮ء
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533 
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֪Ҷ츳Ѫֻ֪Ǻ뷨

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޽Ʒ֮ϵƷԺ»òԶʱҶԶԶĶƷɢ
»ϣԼһƬ񺣣ڵÿһ񼸺ڴϸÿһŶǴΣӦܵŨԪĹϵ
ӵеĵƷ֮һ֮ڡ
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ԺſһڣһλͷɫЦеĿҶ棬꺣۷ΪϢӦ޷ͻƵߣɵ￴Ժ
»Ҷ棬еԽƷԺ졣˵䣬λͷ߿ҶһۣЦǺǵ˵СӣǡһƷԺţҪȻ͵Ⱥһӡ
ţȥɣѾ˱ǡͿͨػĻˡ
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536 Ժ
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һ۴ϸ׹ⶸغڻɵ֮ϣ˳ڻɵĻй£䡣
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ⲻǶ𣿷İɣӰ⼸ҪϢ
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ͻأһѵ񽫵Ļд̽뻳ɲǣ񽫵ɫʱ䣡


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ߵٶźܴĹϵҶΪδ䣬Ϊ¼ĹϵǿˣҲ൱ˣֱ仯
Ҷƣ¼Ŀǰŵһأ¼ڶءصʱܻӵԡ
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д˷֣ҶӵϲҲӵĿ̿ࡣ
ҶԸԺֿʱ䣬Ҷٴ̤ԸԺ뿪»á
Ҷһν޽Ʒ֮ڵԺѾ˿һˣҶеÿ¿ƷԺ֮죬ǧ˷ˡ
ỹвµʱˣҶȳ׵ͻ֮ȥʱǺܽš
Ҷһһͻ񾳣ֻҪҶʱ䣬ټֲָ¼֮Ҷڹ֮ǰԼΪͻƵ꺣ء
ʱҶ澭ͻƵ񾳣Ϊ꺣أҶսɱڹصߣҶҲ˿壡
ֻϧÿֻƷԺ죬Ҫܹ죬Ǿ͸ˣ̾һҶԺ


571 кñ
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ߣԣҦɭԥЦ


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ɵһλɢһϢ۾ֻҶһۣһΣؿռ֮ڣͻγϰٵӰӣ˷Ҷ档
ֲǣϰٵӰӣȻɢͬϢ
ͨȻʩչͨ
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ҲҶڴɲǣһǿļѹش˷Ҷ棬ֱҶ漷̳ĵ㡣
ҪȥˣҶЩΣֻΰڲ
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һԣһȺóǰӣţ·ѹû˵һ㣬Ǽλͳ죬Щ⶯
︱˵Ľпܶѣһ仰˵Ҷܹɱ̳㣬Ѿǿˣɱǰ˵ζѣͳ졢ͳ˵ǰɣ˵ҦɭЦſ˽ϩԪˡ
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ϣûʲôܵ飬漣ʱܷҦĿԴǣڼ֡
ǰȷʵʱ漣ȴԲܳڽ졭

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576 ϯ
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ʱ̳йűֵߣ»ΰ϶λеһ»ϯྸ顣
»ϯÿڣҲνϯġңϯһͷʱһÿڵϯĻÿڵĸҪá
֮⣬ÿкʱȿǣн·ϯԼȥȥܶʱѡ̹Աʱ򣬴ȿǸÿڵϯ
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Ȼ̳һܳΪ»ϯǳҪһһεĻġ
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Ȼܹ̳ʧܣǷ׵ྸǱҶ档
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ԳƵĿЦһҶΪεջ˫֡
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ոչлͳԪྸϵϲɫһ齩סʲô˴̳ʱ䣬Ҹ죿
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ڸղţҶ棬Ҷʾòмһˡ
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֣һСûǲ㣡»֣һͳԪ㣬һ߸̾һ䡣
ྸһſٴ˸ͨ죬֣ɷ𣬻û֣ɷϣһӰ̳йű
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Ҷ棬ûᣬ꺣صΪһѻ꺣۷ȺУʵǷǳ۵ģ󲿷ˣԸ۽½Χྸ֣ת
ôǲǸоܲã
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ȻҲ⣬ҲʱܹҴԭ򣡡µ괫ҶԺ
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濪ʼΪսεİţóǩ
ÿ߽гǩʮɻֶţǰ˵óһ٣ȻΪʾƽȻҲսǩǰǣսߣֻһΰ֮ǰߣ
齫ͬʱб䣬ڳǩ򣬾Ͱո̳ɼΪ濪ʼǩɣóºУʱߵ˸ոշֺõǩͰ
ܿģڶ飬ȥǩˣǵһǩͰǰûǰ
ʱ˵Ŀǵһ»Ŀ⣬ʱͼеϯྸϣ˶ʶΪྸԾǵһ
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ྸ鼫Ϊεǰһָ
ҲڴʱҶȺ󷽣˵һǩͰ
Ҷ棿
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577 Ĳ
һƬУʮԾޱȵĿע£ҶǰǩͲ֮гһǩȻ̧ͷˡ
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𾪣ѾԼжԼ̬ȣų̋ϵҶ棬䣡
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͵̧һͷҶĿ⣬Ȼת˲䣬Ȼͱ߷ߣ̶Ų첽š
ٳǰͷҶһۣΪԹ
ǰԹҶЩת˲Ӳĳֵ˹ؼʱ̣СЩĺã
ں뽹ϩһζ¶ҪʰҶ棬û룬ȴҶݺݵĿһѣֱýϩȥְͷ
벻ҶɵģǼ»Ҷ룬ֻὫҶ޵ҧгݣ˵ʱıôҶأҶ治òСġ
Ȼ֮⣬Ҷ滹һմȾԭ
Ǿǰٲ֮
һҶ飬ٲݰ˵ں֪Ҷ飬ʰҶ棬ѵʰһͨգΪԪҵŮ
ʱҶܲ˵ġ
ԣҶĿǰǽԺðɣ
ǰ죬Թ֪ͨҶһ£Ϊ֮ٽԭҲҪսѡȷ
Ҷ棬̹ĺѡȴаˣÿֻɳ˲μӹᡣ
Ҳ˵֮Ҫ̭ˣµ˵ʱ򣬿ܻһڲ䣬ԱȷսѡҶ׼š
ؼĵڣҶ治κ⡣
ЩʱҶԹ˽ԽԽ࣬μӹҶԣѾǶµһŵˣУҶԼǰ;
Խǲ⣬Խࡣ
Ҷ沢ǽĹӸ磬⣬ʮ첻ϴ裬ֻҪҪԡġ
ҶǰĹأҶԡʱǲҪ˷εģǰٲҲǣŮҲǡ
޹ˣҶԺʮˣҶҲûԡʱ̹
ϣҶ׼ˮԡͰ֮š
ͻأԡ𣬡ӣҪҪūԡдһ˿ʣż⣬ȻĶ
ŵҶŵ˫Щ䡣
ٲĲءٲҶĹֻҪԸһ飬;Զִȥʡ
ٲݵһźҶԡʱҶͽҪź򣬴˺ĴʱҶÿԡʱٲֻǱˮӲԡһ¡
ͲһˣһʱҶͽϴʱҪԡǽѾʮˣʣǵˡ
˵δĴӣǾԲ˸ǰյģ˳£ǲ뻢
ȴһѾǵοԡˣҪʸ֦ˣҲ㡣
ʱı¶·Ҷÿɡ
ν³
ôʲôأ
ã
ҶĻһûϢӰ´£һᣬӰǶ
ӣҪҪūˮʵ
Ҷüͷһ壬ɫһ䣬ٴξܾã
ǣū֪ˣ
Щʧ䣬ƺתȥˡ
ɾһɲǣͻؾһ͵ص
״Ҷ͵شԡͰ֮վ˰ٲݵǰ֮һ⣬ҶǷǳĵġ
飡
ҲҶվɲǣҶԡ͵رײжŵһˮͷĵϡ
ģʱĲ࣬ǱɴԭЩ¶Ϊˣˮһʪ͸ɴ¾ʪϣ͸
һ˺֣䣬ǰ̺֣˫ɽֱ͹ƽ̹СµһĨɫ
ĿУǷһ·ˮ̵ˡ
Ҷұ֤κһ˼ⳡ棬Ѫš
ǣҶȴǶת䡣
һڵһͨ΢΢һʱеһɲȥɢȻҶͻԡͰע񣬿ɧŪˡ
ʱԳܲסˡ
£ֻҪǸˣΪʲôûأ
ɻ䣬͵͵תͷҶ棬ģȴһ˫òκθӣػһ
˵ɣιңΪʲôҶϺȵ

֣𣬷ʱò԰ֽ
˵
Ȼƽִͣݻ飬Ҳǲ˵㵽״ξģΪҪεĹңҶٴŭȡ
ûҼȷʵڹ㣬أˬĳһ㣬ˮȴĴĿ
ֻ޲첻ֻһĴڣҪȻҺ֮εĹ㣿񶸵ؿ޺Ҷȴסˡ

ϩסլ֮УڳԷĽϩͻˣˣȴںͻȻ䵽ˡ
ţ׼һ°ɣϷҪˣںŵ˵


592 ޶
ֻ޲첻ֻһĴڣҪȻҺ¼εĹ㣿
˺ѷεĿ޺Ҷ΢΢һҲôһ˲䣬ҶģʱּʯĿͬһ㶢񣬱ûκθ顣
Ŀ⣬ƺǴʹǰ͵һӣûЩȷʵڷѾ˼Ĺӣ
ǷҲǿģڰʱ֮ǰ⻻ᱡΪһ̣㣡
֮¼ΪΨһܹģҵɫ࣡
ȫ£ΨһõģҲɫ࣡
ҾõΨһᣬҲֻȫɫ֮ϣ
˵Ѿ̲סķغޣ޵Ъ˹·ĵίĵ׵Ŀޣȫй
ò˵ⷬ˵ú˵ĿҶʯĳҲ˼֮ģǣҶ沢ûп˵ʲôֻǾĿ񣬿ޣ޵øγϡ
ģĿҲСǿˣ޵ûˣֻš
ˣô£˵˵ɣ
ͻȻ񼫶˾ϲ̧ͷԭΪǰҶʯĳù£û뵽ڻǿˡ
ӣūҪΪ˾ΣڵϦõҲд²ߣЩĹµİ仰ʱȴӵ˵ˡ
ūҪǵĹӲ־ãԾ;ź˹ӣϧ֮£˵ܳ־һԣҲд²ߵģ˵
ͣ˵ͨҶ˵ͷٴηʣãôˣ
ūԺźĵ죬þͱ͵ҫóԱԺŮ
͵ҫóԱԺӣǺ°ƽĶۣʸһλǿߣûһˡҶ˵
ȴһӣ˳죬͵ĸϣȴǵ˻ڵϦ
죬ô˵
ҪŮһÿ죬ҪµŮȥѾ˰˾ˡ˵磬ޱȵľ壬׮ţǽ̵ǵ˵ģ˵ȥź˭Ҫȥź죬ҪȻ˭ֻоˡ
һ˾ˣôǰźŮأɼ
Ҷôʣҡͷһ˫ĿУٴˮˣˣ˼ˣʬ
˵Ǳˣˣ˵Ǳˣ˵ɱ˳񫣬ˣ˾ˣʧǧˣ
Уū澱̵ֽڣõĹǣÿҪѡ̵ɵŮ͵Ժˣ״򲻶˵Щ۵Ŀ־塣
꣬ǧŮƾʧΪʲôϸ棿ǾŮҲϸģΣ춼ڲ
ʹҡͷûõģȥ꣬иҲ㣬Ϊãȥãϣͱˡ
ޣҶ¶ɻ֮ɫ
Ϊ컹һݣ
ʲôݣ
Ķӣԣǲҹܵġ
Ҷ鶸ر䣬ĶӣöҹܣһССĻ꺣߾͸ҹˣǺξģ
仰񶸵ذ𣬹ҶĿͷ
ūҲǱ޷ӣȻ͵˹ӵԺֻڹӵʹֻӿãȾãʮ갡ոʮ갡
ת˲䣬ͿͷĵöͷѪ˼㡣
ʮꡭ
һģҶϵı佥ȥҲһĨͬ飬ҶеһĨͬ飬ȴûпֻһͷ
ӣȾðɣˡ
ðɣ⼸ʣҶ̲סӦһ
ҶӦһϲȴֿͷӣʱ䲻˰һýȥѾˣ빫Ӵȱһȣ
Ҫϵ˾죬þκĿܣ˾ˣǧλãϰ߾ʹûһǵǰɡžѪУȴΪһ仰һ˿졣
죬Ҷ沢û˵ֻǻ˻ֵȳȥɣһаţ
޵滨󣬵ǿ˿Ҷ飬ǹԹԵĳȥˡ
뿪ҶԺУȴһͷ⣡
ҶߵһУӦģһ仰ȴҶᵽһıζ
ǰߵЩҶõĻһ仰˾ʧĽǧλŮϣƺҶ˼
ҶӲҪһλŮӣҶ滳񲻶Ծԭ򣬾̫ˡ
ǰԣûбֵṲ̊ԺŮҶǼģޱȣֻǱϼ֡
һ̵Ů֮УǾɫˣľɫŮǴӣӦŸڵĸ߲㣬ȴǰŸҶһСС»ϯȻϾ¡
Ҷ氲һɫŮͲѰɫŮϻֲƽĹ£Ųƽľٶ
£ҶҪٲģŹˡ
£ҪûµѣûзЩɵ㣬ķչȥʲôأҶ¡
ҪҶ治ģҶԸôĽǧλŮĲ϶Ҷߡ
һֿܣҶȥǸҪˣۡ
ԣĹӣȨƵÿڣڵƢ϶òȥ
ȻһԲϣ֣۽ΣҶ϶ҪˡûʰҶ棬ҲʰҶ档
ڶֿܣҶ֪Ҫ˵ĿԷǳСҶǰ磬϶ҪΪģ˵Ǳȥɵ죬׵ľ˺󻼡
Ҷɱ֮ʣǸոնɱ֮ʣ˵ͻʱָ֤Ҷ棡Ȼ󣬷˽̹棬򱻸ɱûɱĶӣڣȨƱλҪߡ
ʱҶûɱҲԶˡ
˻
ƶϵˣҶ浹һ
£ֻҪҶϣôûºóңɱĻռųɣ
öļƲ߰ҶĿ¶⡣
˵ǣҶ淢֣ƲߣȻԸ񣬷ǳ֮
Ǵ˿̣ҶȻ֪һĶƣǣΪǼΪŭˣһеȥ鿴һα뷨
ҶԸ
ͬǰںʱ޳пһ·ƽҶ滹ǺԥľˣһҲҶŭնɱ˽
ˣҶɲڣһΣҶ滹ܻĸӵĳף
޶𣿡ҶԳƵԼһ䡣
ȻܣҶ鶸رȻ
˾ҶĿⶸرԶںȻҪҾͺúõĸһ
ʣ֮ڰųֶԸҶģںҶ벻ڶˣ


593 
뿪֮Ҷھڿ˼˽һʱ̤˾ңһֱԺڵȺϢ͵վӡ۶ڴ
ýʲô֣л񣿡Ҷʵ
عӣ飡ûУϿԻһϲ˵
Ҷͷ֮ʣֱ鷿ɿֽ̿ʣʼõĻ±ȻЩ׾ǰӶһŮĳξֽϡ
ģ࣬Ű˾ŷ񣬿ȥոԲ󣬱Ӹͦһ㡣
ˣ㰲ĵȺŰɣȥ˿ܾܲóҶ˵
ԣʱҶûĿͷлӴȱлӴȱӵĴ£ū澾ţҲһҪ𡭡
Ȳлңܾܲȵó˵žǣһҶţųŵҶ棬˱䣬ҧ촽ƺ˵ʲôգûг
ҶŵʱһƴСǽӰ𣬿ٵƮգܿ뵽дƬƬ֮С
ʱոң̵ɽͶƶǰ춼ϣ˵ʪڣƬʱʱס
£СèĵУ˵ԪߣߣҲɷֲˡ
߳ԺҶһ·Цʵ»ͬŴкȴǽϵСèϣԺһһ
ڷţҶھڿ˼һʱͨ⣡
һǣȻںƣôԸҶķʲô
𰸲̹̽ԭںٺҶ棬ҲԳ֣ԸҶֶһǽ赶ɱˣһҶ淸̹̽棬Ƿ̹֮̽档
ǰҶ洳ֶ̳ΣһΣҶãп߶С
ȻȷԸҶķҪȷһ⣬ԸҶĵصʱ
⣬׵ó𰸣ӦþĸۡҶ춯֣֣Ȼ󣬾ͻ˺ɵĴҶ氲ϸ
仯ģںƿأȴ벻Ǽؼ㡣ҪȻںҲѡνĶԩͷ
ݰֻҪ£֣ȱûҶҲֲ˺ãˣô̶׷ɱҶ档
ϣںԸҶֶΣҶѾ͸òˣһЩϸв
ЩҶԾѣʱôһ䣬Ҷ뷨ҪȻҶʱѾмˣǺ
ڶͨˣǾʣһˣȻҶϿ͸ںĶƣôԸ
Ҷ淽ھڵһʱʱ򣬵˼ˣѾ˻ĸмҪ
ҲΪԭҶʱǰĸۡȥѰ̸¡
Ҷƻļؼ⣬Ҫ°æ
ͻȻ䣬ҶǾ͸һ˿ȻȻˣȻ⡭
ҶһٺԺڣҶߺ󲻾ãװģһԼҶԶ֮󣬲ŶַһѶ꣬ŵĸ˸Ǹʵظ
һĻΪ޷죬ȴȫСèУǣҶҲȫͿˡ
һĻҶȷԼƶϵһУҪȻһԪŮṩķѶ
ҶϣķѶûãһӰ͹ĴҶԺ֮У˲ϢٴμҴҵĳ뿪ҶԺ
ҶСèϳǸϤӰǽϩ
︱һ£֪
̸µլԺУҶ仰ʱµ͵ر˼֡
ҶĹϵѾ죬˽Ҷ涼ƣշûһˣҶȴ֣صá︱ƺȻЩѰ
ţţ
Ҷһ֣һľͰס£Īе꣬ɱģ
ʲô
µ˫֣ĪĲʵĶȻҶĻǣ£ȴʵ̫ˡ
ףҶȻ˵ľʵ
ɱҵŮٲݣҾն
˶УΪʲôûκζ
ߣţУ
Уµ۾ٴεɴһĲ˼飬صΪ£նɱ꣬ҲǲףҪҶΪˣ¶ЩϢ
УһֶΣһֲҶ˵
ȻҶһ£µľɲصǿ߰Ҷֻǻ꺣ص߶ѡ
˵ǴֲĻ꺣۷ߣվŲ꺣Ӳ䣬Ҳ¡
ֲ֮£ֱɱص꣬ãҲص߲
Ҷ澹Ȼǿһˣ¶ڴҶȻնɱ꣬ôϣ˵ܹһȽϸߵΣʱټˣҲ˴󹦣УܹѹҦɭһͷ
仯ѣҶ沢û˵ֻǾĿһС
֮ԽϢ£ֻеļֵѡ
Ҷн
У
ǣԲ࣬ǳ١
֮ԶҶ˰ҶͷҪҶļֵģҶõļֵѡ
һʮϺ̸飬ΪȨ˼ʮϺ̸飬Ƿǳ׵顣
֮䣬ϵӿ׸ιһ㡣
Ҷ֮棬Ҷ汻õļֵˣֵԽߣ֮ĹϵԽܡ
ҶҪˢһԼļֵ
ȻϺҲʶʲô
Ҷ棬ֻǶ˵ɣʲô£˵ɣ
£
˵
һ·ҫóԱķΣһһݵͼ
˼˼£¾͵ͷӦҶ棬˳־͵һɫйâķΣҫóԱеķΣ
أ˭
죡ûķ
죿һ£漴Ȼ˵ɣĶӣ
أɫһ䣬Ҫ췢Ҫʲô
Ҷ淢º֮ʱҶ˵ҶӵĿ϶˵ġ
µɣҶ沢ûлشֻǶĿ¡
Ϣ֮̾һãҿ԰ʲôݣҪҪ׺
ݷã׺ϩ֡
ϩٴһ䣬ˣϢ֮һų͵ݵҶ
ȻҪǷôͼҪ϶츮ĵͼɣĶӣĿǰ;סĸԺڣΪԺŮԭӣǾסڶԺġ
˵䣬һ¼õĵͼ͵ݵҶУȥٴΣͼϻϲ࣡
˵Ҳ̲סɻʵҶ棬㵽Ҫʲôɲһˡ
˽֪ˣʵҲǲ˸߰˰𣿺ˣ£лˣǷҵһʮƷ龧ʹһʹ
˵꣬Ҷתߣˣ͵û
Ҷ뿪ӰµУǸӣСģĪ³ç


594 
ڵλ磬լԺλãʹ̳̴̳ǲԶ
̴Ľ䱸ȻɭޱȣѹҶǰӵ»ܱȵ˵ģÿףҶܸоһ
⻹Ҷ涯˽ͨͨ£ԼԼ߽ʱ򣬸Ӧôһ˿
Щ֮⣬ÿףһλֵأʾ塣ЩڵΪɢࡣ
඼ǻ꺣۷ΪҸ͵ģĹ޷ͻƵߣд඼ʸ
ò˵ҶʱðĽϩݣǺܹõģԲ˵ֻǿһۣҫ÷εĽϩ֮󣬾ٴα۾
Щڣȴ뽹ϩʶ
ϵԶģһ佹ϩȥ
ⲻǴкʵЩˣֻǴżˣϾѾӽصأ̵Ľ㶼ˡ
ϵģһ䣬ҶҲһһӦˣϾЩڶֻл꺣۷ΪݣϩԶˡ
ҶǳǵͷӦҲǸӡ
Ҷһ·ɭϵأĸۡǰûκһڻɹǰ⡮ϩ١
ȻҶҲǸǵġ
ʮǰҶαװɽϩģ͵Ϯ꣬ʱִ֮䣬Ҷֻܴµݳɽϩģһ㡣
ͷ롢Ρߵȷ涼Ľϩܶ࣬Եʱ˵ڶۣͷ쳣
ǽ첻һ
ԴҶԸľڶ˻ؾںĴƣ׼һ
ҶѾӴָдŵƷҳһļ޼һҲǾŪġ
ϩν֮Ҷ԰Ͻ磬Ҷ涯ȫž죬߸ϩǿӽ͵ǲࡣ
ΪϩǺҶڴ뿪󣬻ҩˮȾţٴҫõķΣҶֻҪڣһĽϩ
ʵҶ濪ڣҲûж֮Уб֮ҶȻ뽹ϩӴĲ࣬Ҳģ³˾ų
ҶΨһΪϵϩصΪϢǲģܹģ³ġ
ҲΪҶʱòάŽͨͨ
ͨͨ似ɢĪ⣬ȴܽҶֻл꺣صΪϢڸס
ҶϩˣҲ֧һᣬʱ¶
ҶõϢǣϩĹϵһ㣬Ϊһµԭ򣬽ϩڣҦɭ֮⣬˵Ĺϵô
Ҳһ֮潹ϩ˵ԭ֮һ
ҫýϩݷӣĸǰҶϵĹܼұ⡣
ΪǴ̳ԭ̳䱸ɭϣڸ߲ĸۡ䱸ɣ١
ĸۡʱҲ͵Ļ꺣ţϹܼҲǻ꺣ߣģҲӲġ
һҶûκв
үҪݷôӣһǲ͵ģҪȰݸϹܼ츣ԥ
ΪϹܼң̵ĸ߲㣬츣ϵõģϩǰͳһְȻϵá
Ҳã
Ҷ˳ͱϹܼ츣뵽˿ͷ
뽹үԴȥȥأ
ͬʱۡϿյƲУӰƲע·ں뽹ϩһĻȻҲ䵽У˽ĸۡϩɵʾĿ⿴ں
ҶѾȥˣȥ׼ɣסƻ£ںޱİŵ
ŽȥˣҶ𣿡ϩЩɻ
ʱҹɽأ¹ֵģƲ֮УԶԷŵһĻòǺУ㽹ϩþĿҲ޷˵ǲҶ档
Ҷ棬˭
ˣϹܼһڻؾ˽ȥ󣬾ǰ㣬ҲܼġҶӦǽ졣ں˵
ǣҶ죬ҶĻ췢ͻãϩЩɻ
ںϩ񣬶رñ䣬˵Щ߿ˣ
ҡ
裬ϩɫǵͨ죬ڣȴǿˣҲںǰը̡
ӸŪҶ鱨ǰ׿ˣУҶ֮һ׮׮һ飬㶼׿
֣㶼ˣں߳
ϩ˼ֻ˭˵ûзҶ泣ܹܣܱ˾ϲм¼ļսȫʤ࣬ңӼΪթ
ϩ˵ţںϣȴһĨϷʣԽԽŨĳЦ֮ɫýϩĻ
ľЩȫ鱨ϵĶˣҲ˵Ҫ鱨ֳĶ
鱨ֳĶЩ治ףôƶҶ֣£ɵӶɣ
ߣ׳գ
¥鱨УйҶԭɿˣ
ˣ
ʲô뷨
ɵ£ƾôһУͨˣˣҪɱأ
ȻǴ£˵ҶȻһԾӣȴ֮ģ磬·ƽذε
֮⣬Ҷ鱨֮еС£Ҳ֤һ㣬ǰЩҶܹΪǸŮ֮׷ɱ굽֮⣬Ҳ֤һ㣬ϧܴɡں˵
֮ģ㲻˵һû𡭡ϩЩΡ
ԣ˵Ҷһ꺣ߣǿߣҲԶ֣ıУЩۣӱǲԶˣҶˣ֣ܲ
Ҫ͸Զ֣֮УԶ֣
仰ϩͷر͹¡
ȥʲô
ǣ
ҹУŽϩµӰںֶһ䣬һҪպʱû֮ǰ򲻿£
ˡ

ۡĻ֮ڣŹܼ츣뿪Ҷˮһɢؾӵǧ׷Բ
ǧ׷ԲڵһҶĸӦ֮С
˲࣬ԺֻģȫͨŮҶ׷˸ո뿪ǰȥͨϹܼҡ
һҶԶԶ׺Ϲܼ츣סĶԺһ·ϣ˼Ů֮⣬ˡ
ԽӽסĶԺԽ٣ӰǣһԼԼȴҶĶڣֻЩС
Ҷ湦˫ϸ֮£ԽԽӽԺԽԽһŮЪ˹Ľкȴִżֲ⡣
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ҶɳСèʱۡ۵̵ĸ߲ǣҲΪӶľѶԾѡ
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¿Ӱʧҹ֮еҶ棬Щӣ
ͬһʱ̣һѶںС
ѶɲǣںʱһӳȥˣǾͺá


600 ׷ɱ
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ȻҲִܣҪǽϩΪƻ䶼֮ίʵ̫ӣҹ߲ͣЩط̵ִȥ׷ȥġ
Ҷ֮Իǿ׷ٵϩ٣ҪСèԭĳЩ츳޷ġ
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ǿ߳׷ſ˿ٷУ;ԲСèܹ׷ϵģ߶ħڵսѪ죬СèӳһսѪ֮Сèܸϡ
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ɫڽϩϵȻɫûиϩκ˺ĻҲûκβǽϩ۾ǵ˸Բ
ͨ似һǷͨ似ͨ似ҪǿҶôģ
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˰죬ԭҽϩ䵽³ףȫҶ棡Ҷ棬ҽɱ죡ϩŭ
ҪǲƶԸңҾԸ㣬ҲûᣡߣϩһУȫȡ

˭ɱ˭һأҶЦ
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һöһöӡ׵ı飬Ҷ۾ȴǶصɴ˲д˾棡


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Ҷ漱ٵĺ·һųҶ滹аײľ룬ıӡѹ֮סɽϩ߶Ҳ޷֣
ˣҶһӡ⻪ٱȻֱѹһųٵļŵȥ
ǣҶϵĽ֮ɫȴԽԽأһٵǵͨ졣
УѹסųӡѾʼڱѵıԵ
Ȼ˵Ҷսʱ澭񾳣ӡǣֱǵȴ޶ȵġ
֮ǰһöӡܹѹסһϢͱˡ
һöӡȴҪͬʱѹһϢͷǳĿֲˣ

УӡƵٱĹ⻪һۣ͵رһϹ⡣
飡
ӡıǵȼһһ㣬ųͬһʱ䱻

ֲĳڿеһȦȦ˷
Ҳ٣
ϩж¶ޱȵɫֱӷ˶һĿƣһԶȥ
˿ֲĳȱҲ׵壡
ŽϩƣҶ汳һֱӱҶıӡѹޡ
ֲǣǷ·ܹһеĳҲҶҶΨһҵǣǷųһ룬ҪȻһöħƹҪ˷ˡ
ˣҶ汳һöӡ͵һ͵Ҷǰ
ѹ
߳һ·һϯĳʱһݵͣ٣޴˲֣һһϹһ
һɲǣǴݿĳǰӡҲ赲סʱɢ
УϹʾŰ֮䶢Ҷ棬ϩȫ𾪡
벻Ҷ澹Ȼѹ׵ͨ似֮ѡ
Դ޳֮ǵԵУǰĴΣȫһΣҶȴ
벻˿ֲıը֮Ҷ滹ܴѡ
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׵ĽɫŽϩͷ£ǿֲĽɫ⣬ϩҲһ˿֮ɫ
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603 ɫǹ
ҹУһӰ磬ÿǾҰһļХţˣɾò죡
ԴյҶķѶ¾һֱĸо
ʲôЦҶһȥ׷ΪߴصĽϩ浱ϩİ
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Է¶ԣûоϢʱһֶϢĸо
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ҶһУƺ˿δ۾ɵôģĶǰӡ
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ʱĽϩʬ壬ֻʣ֮ظȫʧֻʣȡһ첲һԴ
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604 
ڣ˫֣ڲͣⲽľȻƺٷŭʹ
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ͳ죬ûϢ𣿡ۿŶѾһ˿⣬
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ܲټ֣
ŤͷһڱĿó֮󣬼ԪֻӲͷƤش𣬡ֵصģȫ˳ȥҫҲɳȥ˴롭
ΪʲôûϢ
԰꣬ͳѾԴȥ׷ˣҲڲٲְĸҲ׷˳ȥ
һԣںŻؾͣҲڴ˭أ
ںЦЦУȴ͸Ŵ̹ǵıڳǳԽģˡ
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׵ģһطŴĴ˷£

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Žϩͷ鼫ȸӡ
ǰһҪΪӱ𣬻ǿѹסеıˣñеıȴƵ籡һʱ䣬ɵñ
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ĳлˣں鷳֪ͨϷ򣡡˵ķ˹֣лλϷղޱ䣬ʧһ
˵˵
Ӧţȿôߵʱ׳һָ
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׷ɱϩʵҲΪ˽̹ѣͻǡ
ԳУҴӲǷ顭˵䣬ѾԶ
Ӧ뿪ͳԪ㳤һЩɡ
鲢ûе˽ΪȻѯһ·ɱϩϸ̡
Ҳֻ˵Ҷ׷ٵҶնɱ˽ϩˣ»ǼԪ㣬ֻǸҦɭҶĿⶼ̫һˡ
ʲô˶ʸǿ֣նɱһǿߵġ
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һ֣ס˱ŭںҪ֪ںǸаĴڡ
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605 ̳ܣ
䶼һεĹᣬа¾ҪˣĹأÿѡ߲μӹᡣ
ڣһаѡߣ̵İţ찲һ䣬ȷѡ
˵µЩ࣬ؼʱ̣ȴˣҪ²ܺã¡
ԣҶȴЦ
ҵʲôأԭڲѡ︱㲻Ϊ̵ѡͨɣ
ҪûˣϷȻģˣұȫϡһĵģһιᣬ¹ش󣬲¹ˣ¹µĸǰ;
һܹڹ϶ɹᵽΨһһƷʹȨͻ뼫ƷչأͻĿǰĿ۷塣
ʱչأͻ䣬ͻָһλ̸߲ھⷽʹ
ܹ񣬳Ȩ֮⣬˵һܹ֮ΪͻƵ
ΪٽΪͻƵôһ֮̽λ˵̵ܹˡ
ԣ¶һεĹǳĿأϣҶǴսģҶսĳ̶ֳǰ;
ԣ϶ҶϣòۼҶҲһֻ۱һֻۡ
۹⣬ȻѾɱϩɱ飬ʮа˾žҶġ
һУΪҶڹϵı֣ؼʱ̣Ҷȴˣ
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Ҷһģٴοڣһ̳еĵһˣǺӣǼģǰţǼѧԨԴʮ꣬Ϊ͸ߴأ
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ܸӲӲƷȻһ㣬ҶǳţһƷܽ߳ϣս쭣˵Ʒˡ
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뽹ϩսʱ򣬳ɹ澭ͻƵ񾳣ͻͻˣҶ滹þģúòͻƵ֮ı仯
죬սȴҶ棡

һһҹĹ򣬳˱ҪϢ֮⣬ҶһʱˣʼͨұڻѪ
ϵڵģұһȦĵһˮĥĹ
һʱ䣬Ҷ澭ͻƵ֮Գ顣
һֱˣֻǽҶЩʧ
澭ͻƵ֮ͻƣһǾ
Ҷо֣񾳵֮һ似澭ԴӡչָҲԣһЩƷȭԣǣȴ޷ڽ֮ϡ
Ҫչ֮ӡй̶̬Ĺţǧ򻯵ĽͲˡ
ң֮ͬڷ
Ҷγԣսʼף޷סһϵĹҶΪ˳ԽΪףΣüΣûԼ˵
һ״߶״̬׾ͻԼ飬֮˵ҶԼ
֣ҶΪʧҪҶܹ׵ĻҶ涼ӲߵĹˡ
Ȼ֮޷׵ķŲõ֮ϣǾҪҶˡ
ʱµӰѡαҪʼˣ׼ûУ


606 
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кüӰ˸˲ͻ۵࣬ذ׺ڹ͵Ĵ˹ȥ⻪յĵ
ҶʱͿ˶ߣ۲ǿ󣬷ͬǿޱȣҿӣ۵ͨ似䣬һֹǿͨ似
գһսΪ
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һֽɵľͱƵׯ᲻ϺˣһĽһŮׯʹܡ
սҶüͷȴ΢һû̫ջ
۲ǺӣʵǺӣѹʵûжãҶʵ
ڳ֮УҶϿɵĶ֣ǺһܹˣҶѹû
ĳȤһһص߸ص߱䣬ʧܵģȴصʤģһصƤ
ƤʤҲǳļѣһսʮսʧɡ
Ϊ˱ʵǿʵԼΪǿĶ֣ڶֵҶ涼ս÷ǳɡ
ڶҶĶǸһصƤҶӡһѹֶûгڣƤ䡣
ҶĶص
ҶʱƤǿһЩƽҶӡ޹Ҷӡѹ֮󣬲ġ
ҶûпʲôǿߺǿǺʤޱȡ
ֵһ˵ǣڶʱɣׯ֮һսʵɣҪǿϰɣΪһ̫ˣһسӣȻıׯܣøҦɭֺ˼֡
ֵһ˭ÿѾսˣѡؿɲˣͳԪЦǺǵ˵ۣһΣֵѡˣս˭
Ϊ˹ƽһҶһս֮󣬴ͳԪʶÿֵһսߣڹƽ
ҶȴǱȽƣһսֻܱĵս
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Ҷֵӡ˵ãһսҾҶֵֽһ
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610 ױ
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һĻ˶ССĳһȻԪһУǾȫ
ӡѹ
Ҷ滹һУȭͷСӡطɳҶ߳غš
ۿɼΣĳĻצ͵һȻ˸߿У̶һ㣬Ҳ޷˿

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ˣǱǵڹһߡ
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ҲһɲǣҶ˫͵ŭʳָĵһɫָǳŹֵĵ˿տҰ󷽡
ɻ֮ɫظ˹սߵӣ̵ĸ߲ǣ鲻һ
ǧ۰еӶһһ˿Ȼһ¡ں˿һĻжر˼ʣģȴǳԾ
˭ҲϲҶ澹Ȼܹﵽ̶ֳȣ
һɲǣһڹƾյĴҶǰը֣۷ıͳҶǰֵɲǣ޴ıצһӣܵҶ档
һ룬ľ޴צһɢȥ
һɫֱָľޱĶͷֱӵɢıɫָ۵ӡУ۵һжΪ֮ͣͣѪɫʣǿЦ
ױһΪͨ似ԸǺӵģҶ˵ãԸҶ档
û뵽ֵɲǣһͷײҶǰĸָΪıףҶĸָǰͳͳ˸ƣСҲҶƿء
еĴͳԪٴɵˣһѶͷϵ亹æҶսۣҶʤ
꣬ͳԪҲѣҿҶˣҪȻһ˵Ҫˡ
һԹģ϶ֱĴͳ졣
һĻҶǰ۳֮󣬾Ըϴգܾܲ£һء
лҶֵܡ飡
ЩѵҶ湰ֵл۵뷨ѡò˵һڶûκģܴģҲǺһˡ
ڿһûϣڶҲܣȡ
Ҷۣ˿ҶĿٴα˼䣬ΪģΪҶܹǰ֪۵ĳַ򣬾һ֣ǹĿ࿴ˡ
Ϊһ㣬ǿߣһܹҶȴˡ
ȻҪҶһͨͨԵʡ
︱һƼҶ棬ȷʵǸ˲Ű꺣صΪȴ˵ãѵã㻹ܲӣƸƼ̣ǧͻؿһ䣬´й⣬ҦɭɫȴǸˡ
һжΪ̣¹Ӧһӹ
ؼһӦþҶǺ֮սˣ˵˵ⳡѡ˭õһǧʵ
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ҶɣʤţҶսǺӱʤһ㣬ȴͬǰǺӸҫһλصġ

һΣ˫Ĵٴ𣬷ֱںĻѺ˫ҶʤҲѺ
ģٴںԥˡ
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ں˲ͱѩףһΣڽǰݺݵӣƫƫôһ˵ôҲ
Զģ˵ʵҶֳʵ֮Ҳĵ״ġӲĳԶģֹܻ˷¿ʵûӡ
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ȣҶǺ֮ʤ͵ÿ˵ķˡҶӦڹ߷͵ߣǺܹͻƵҶǰȻʤҶָӡҲɾͻƵģҫ״˸ǻһںΡ
ûҶǿǿӣһͻƵǰ¾ͻ᳹׵ķҶΪϾǲЩɳս㡣ҦɭʱĲҶһš
ߣܱȱһѹڵϣҪõö࣡һ
㣡Ҧɭᣡ
ŶҦɭǧ۰ĵ˵ͷλˮݣҪġ
Ҫλõվһȥͷ۵ģˡ
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ֱҶһΪۣƿɳ£ֵһ˵ǣһ֣ǺӶսɣȫ
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ʵһҪɣȫԿսҶﱻһͨҪٲʤ¾ҪԵˡ
ż֮£Ǻ˴
һǽ⣬ҶһͬʱǺӵʵҲ˼ְա
ս֣ڳ˵ʵ¶òˣսûκˣսƵҲ÷ǳ졣
һ֣Ҷսա
ǣϳ֮󣬻δ֣վͼֱ䣬Ҷ˵
Ҷ汾Ϊںˣ϶֣ʱ˵ҶҲøݵġ
ںĶ͵ۻۡ
û뵽Ȼ䣬ңںûκ⣬Ӧǵں⣬ֻǵõںͬ⡣
ǺߣҲûʲôǰߣҶ͵Сˣ֪ںʲôƣ
˼䣬ҶҲΣֻ³
ֵڶɣȫսۣ
ò˵ɣȫԽսԽµӣڣûκη˼ǣһˣȴ춨һİܾ֡
ңûҶ潣ͨĸͨͨ似ȫǹԵͨ似ֱӵģ۵ױƾճɣȫһֱӷŷ
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ҶǺ˫˫³ս̵ĸ߲ǣΪ֮һʵһսˣ


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Ҷ棬ڴ֮ǰ벻Ϊʲôῴ㣬ֱڣҲŲòµ۹⣡
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ǣǾԲµģҪµ㣬֤ҵǿ󣬽죬ǾԲֵģ
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ս̵ĸ߲Ҳ¶Ծ֮ɫ˭Ҳ벻Ҷڽϵ裬ƺǺӲҪһ㡣
ٽһԣ
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ϸ쳣ĽӡȻۿɼΣӡĹ⻪ڷٵļš
УǺӵУ¶һ˿ϲɫĽҶֲӡͻǰ

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Ҷ棬ҪСˣԼҲƲˣǺһ֣ء
ɣҶһţ
ǺӶҶ˫ر˵ʣĽʱӸ߿бƻڲͣǿţ
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񽣣
߳УһȦưĽⶸص䣬ƽ֮һнԳɷ顣
ǣƽոµɲǣ͵һ٣ʧȥһ㣬겨ͬʱҶǺ
񽣻ɲǣǺϰԵĶҶһۣҶ۾һڶһ㣬۾겻˹ȥһ˲䣬䣬ǽһڡɫɫһ㡣
ɫ⻪סɫĹ⻪·һ㣬ֱٻ
깥
ǺʱӦ˹͵־ǺӵǺˮһúɫ⻪ҵ
ͬʱȴѡ̵ĸ߲ͬʱˣ
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ȻҶѾߴأߵ޷ģ
ߵѾﵽ۷꣬ѾʼΪ׼ˡ
˼Ĳ࣬ڣשֺ࣬һ㣬޴
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ϾҪͻҶǺͻһĵصԸ޵ķŴӢϣظֳһʤеЦݡ
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˻
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612 Ľ
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ĿǰʵȥᣬвԣһЩ£ս
ǧ۴һҶ˵۾һ


613 ֱ
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µȸˣ
仰̵֮ĸ߲ǣ˵õǺܿ죬ΪǶףҪһսϱʤıˣΪܵԭǱ˿
Ȼ뿪ʱ緢ҦɭЩһµľУҦɭܣɣȫ̭Ѿûκη̵Ŀˡ
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תۼ䣬ֻ̳ʣ½ǧۣͳԪ㻹Ҷһˡ
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ԦŴʦֻδ˵꣬һ׹ⶸ˳˲Ϣۻء
ȻԦŵĴʦ־ɵˡ


619 
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ǿޣûһǧҲа˰٣ȴûһֻֻܹһɵĸɾ
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ߣţҲ·ͷδһʱڣ͵սҲʸμӹᣡ

̵ֶˣһ꺣߲μӹ᣿ЦӢЦ
ǺǣնεģһΣҪˣҿʲôҶжسһɫ
ɫɲǣ׽ػʱվɷ̾Ȼμӹ᣿׽ػһĲ˼顣
棬Ӣ鶸ؽסЩڣǣҶȴŹ
ǣɷ˰ɣߣ˵ӢĿ⣬Ƕ󣡡
ҶĳӢң仰̫ˣöӢ˲Ϣţವľվ
һȣɷӿɱҶ档
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ɫӰƮһ¥ɲǣ˵Ŀ⣬עɫӰϣðɵĶӢҲ⡣
ֻҶ棬ƮŮͻһ
Ůôе죿


620 
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621 

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623 
˵ʱҶӸʵҲ˵˵ѣӡܵĴһġ
磬Ҫ֮ģζҲֻһʽҪʡ
ÿһԦųһʵĻᣬͨɸѡֻʮƷ龧֮Ļᡣ
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ںСʵЩǷֹεޣϷԸһ϶Ĵ𰸣УҲֹһϷֵ֪ʱ䣬һǰ

ЩҶ滹ǶӢ꣬¶ȳԾɫ
Ϊʲô˿϶أһǰֹ壬ѵϼͫɵ
ֹǼһٵ鶸رޱȣΪһǰԦžǱ٣


624 һٵ
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ԣҶȴһѪѾĿ꣡
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ԣһٺǺһЦҶӦĵڶˣڵ壬Ϸǵûش㣡
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ɼΪһεĹᣬ̵ĹҲ١
ͻأĿһбָɽոսһλɫҰ׵û
Ǿǰص䶼֮һ֮еһˣ׹ǹӣ


628 ͸
׹ǹ˳һαأΪسغڣһͨ似
ڽܵϸһ˿ź֮ɫϧ׹ǹ˳ĳʱ̫ˣ̽ӱ˵ǲʲôͨ似ʲô͵ͨ似Ҳû壬ϰ׹ǹӣһҪСģ
ѣҶ桢Ǻӡۡաׯ˵ĿˢˢĶ˸ոصİ׹ǹ˳
ĿӦ֮£׹ǹ˳ʱҶǺӵķ
ԶԶģ׹ǹ˳ͳҶ΢΢һЦ¶ɭ׵ݣȻ󣬵һһĨĶõϣЦݶرɭޱȡ
֣̿һһˣǰĹᣬ̻һλصߣһ죬Ϊߵģˡ
ˣ꺣ص߶ɳˣ̾ûˣҲɸ꺣صСһɣԶ̽ĳЦһûꡣ
̵Ҫˣֿſҽ㼸ûģǳ̣ȱľˣ˵꣬ڵ۵ĳ̽Ц
̴ͷﶼ⣬ų̽𣬸ոյͷͷĿȫ˹ЦҲǲġ
ԸĳЩС̵Ļ꺣߳㹻ˣ޶ˣ֣ǰλ꺣صСһƵֲòų̵ֲ̳ô˰ɣ̽ǧһѵģ
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֣㲻ô˰ɣ
ǧҶȴǴķ˸ۣҲİɣ
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ģҵȱȡҶ湷ͷΪأսȣ׹ǹ˳˵ͷĶҶ棬Ŀ絶
дˣҲţ˭ܹն³СԴ͸ҹƷ龧һ飡ǧ˵
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ңħҲǴ˴ι֮еĵڶλصߣΪǸߴ۷壬һҪСģ˵
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ңһβսߣһΪֻ֮⣬˵Ϊȫأ˵ҲЩɬ
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ĸӦʩչûõҶϡ
СӣЩŹ֣
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ƱƼҵһΪƲߣΪأս࣬м¼ģƴһص߶ܡ
ǣƱǿԴ֮ϣǰĹϣƱ֮У˾Ʒ
ŽҲ⣬ƱߣһҪСǵ˵
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ͻȻ䣬ɹɽ˷ʮɫɹ⣬ˮһɽȥ
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Լ֮ѵʱ֮ڣҪؾǰؾ֮ţ


629 ؾ
ǰǴֻһ߿Сţǰ⾰һ䣬ͱ˼俪ɽƽ̨
ƽ̨·һ㣬·ɽͷֱӱȥһ㣬Ϊƽ
Ҷһ̤ʱƺһЩʮɫβɽƽ̨ĵ֮УȥΪ졣
λλɣ
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ֻһɽеС࣬⻪Ҳ࣡
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ҲҶԾؾ֮ŵɲǣͷǣͬʱֳһ˿졣


630 ֲ֮
ҲӦһ˿̫Ѱˣ̽ǧ۶ؿڡ
Ϊǳʻվڸոտؾ֮Χ˵仯ڵġ
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οҶԻ꺣Ϊսʤߵı̬
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ѪζŻͷޣһʱ䣬ҶԼĴΣޱȡ
Ҷ뿪ԭأ
Ҷ治֪ǣԼСʱ֮󣬺üʮµ¾ۼսĵط


631 û
ԵʬΧʮͷ̬졢;޴޾ۼšš˻ţΧʬתУǷŭ
ǰҶֵѵͷƷ޺ȻС
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ϳܵʱҶѾ֪ѸϮʲôˣӦһֻܵͷ
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ϧǣҶĿԲУһֻһĿ꣬ҪȻҶĽֻһԸ㶨
ԸƷܵЧһ㶼ûɣҲѹûɡ
ûĲûþ֮²Ǻ־ΪǿҲΪǿ׵˽ȥ޷Ѳһͱɰ׳ա
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ݣ
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˲Ϣ䣬ֻСɽһܾͼҵս˵һ𣬵ضɽҡ쳣
ԭҶֻƷ޼Ѿأʱı䣬÷ǳɡ
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ָɲǣҶʶĿһ۸߿еСèתͷɲǣҶ۾صɴֱɢ


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ӥ˵ӵϹѪٶޱȣҼ͵Ϯ֮ͬУٶûпȼߣ˵ӥƷޣСè֮Ϊֱ֮࣬

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633 ʥˮ
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仰˵ֻҪõһöǾͻΪһźţҪʼСģΪ߻ޣڸӦ
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634 
ҶһƿȥƿӨӨҺ壬ҶһһݵʱҶķθƣͷ·һɲǶָ˲١
ҶʱҺ壬ǴӴѫĴָҳĳʥˮ࣬ԼֻһΣڵ
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Ҷ˫ĿصԲһעǰĹŵħעɲǣһһѪɫ⻪ˮһעҶСèڡ
սѪѪɫ⻪ע룬޷ȫֹסҶ״̬ǣսѪע룬ȴҶܹ߶һЩҶһ˿Զ
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Ҳһɲǣһ޴Ľɫ͵գ˻ɸ˳


635 ׹ǹӵ
ݣ
ƿʱ򣬿ֲĽɫѾֱ˺һе׹ǹ˳Ķͷ
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ܵأ׹ǹ˳һˣʱͬӰһ
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һɲǣ˳ɫͱˡ
ҶһǽɫȻӰεնɱȥĹӰҲ޷ܡ

ŭ߳һ˳İ׹ӿ˲ϢڻҺɫĻ֮ܲһɫļ׿飬ģ˹ͷ
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ԽԽҼʱɭɭİ׹Ƕȥһɲǣ׹ǹ˳ͷ·бһһ㣬ɫŲеնе˸֫ѣһǳĺпڡ
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ڽʯͷǰ鴸˲ϢͱһΪƺǼĽһ㣬Ȼ󣬽ʯֵһ
һѪ߽Ĵӽʯͷ˫޴۾Ҳʧȥʡ
һѽĩϢĴҶл䣬ŵǱֵʮƷ龧͵ļƷսѾΪĩ

Ҫ
һݵıʹŭشԶǿֲƿա
кƲ㶼·ĳƶһ㣬һ㷭
ŭҶɲǣͷƲǲһ㵹
⶯Ҷѿ쳣
һһֱȺСèͿ£ҲҶɲǣҶͷյؾҵĲ˼£ǿ·ʹһ㣬ͻأĳ֡
ɲǣʯɲǣʹסˡ
ɱ˽𱳣
㾹Ȼɱ˽𱳣
㾹Ȼɱ˽𱳣
һ仰ǴҧгݵĥģݵıŰɱ⣬ǵصӿҶ棡


639 
㾹Ȼɱ˽𱳣
ҧгݵУǵصɱҶո˵ҶǰСè
֮һ𵽴ģʵʵѹֲѹɽһ㵱ͷ£˲Ϣ䣬һҶ洭ĸо
ЩŤǧĿŻ֮ûͨǧĿ˫۹۲ս龰
Ҷֳսһֲĸоԣٶȸ
ǧľ룬ֱӶ츳̵ͨʱϵƣҲ˼ʮϢʱҲˡ
ǣһ
ʯȻҶɱˡ
޷ܵ顣
ޣƷޣҲˣǽʯͬʯؾ֮֮еĸϣεޡ
һܹΣͽΪǵͬ塪塣
ڶָʯһΣʯĵλɼһߡ
ڣȻɱˣƤӵ±ɱˣ
ܲŭ
쵰һҪ̵ַɱ㣬ҪһĽĹͷɹǻңҪҹҹİ
ŭĺ·һؼҶɫѾѿ㡣
ҶôҲ벻ؾھȻһλߡ
ңλɢϢԲҶκһλߣ̽ǧۣ̽ȵȡ
ڣλ߿ڿҪɱ
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ҶߵСèֲѹ֮£ֱԵ˵棬УȴûκεĿ־塣
޳½׷ƷǣĿֲѹ£ڵأɪɪͷɵÿƷޣڽӴĿֲѹʱ۾һֱ˹ȥ
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еħƹǲ֪ʹúܲӲǰλߵȫһ
ǣҶܹħƹӲλߵȫһΣҶӵ
Ϊ̫ˣ󾳽硣ңòǰλߵĵ̡
飬ܸܲɵҶԺУͻһ뷨
Ȼ˭Ҷһ֮е飬شǳĿ϶Ҷǳľϲǽһ仰͸Ҷ涵ͷһˮ
ȻɵͬʱҲữΪһҡѹ޷ҵı
Ҷ氵ԿЦ⵹ģһնɱϩʱұ۾ͷ˴£ҵһٴҶΪǣֱӷұ۵ĸõû֡
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һ仰ҶݴǰƲ׫ġ
ԼԼǹƨֻߣŻƶʲôƨԼʲôԼСӣˣ
һָһ죬Ҷķһࣵ鱬Ҷֻһ徹ȻƯȻƮķ򣬰СèҲˡ
ҶһǰոմӰ׹ǹ˳سУһرޱȣ
飬ܹٵ͹ע
Ʒܹɵǡ
޷ǹעʱֻΪɻܽܣܱȶĺãһҧҶһɣ
ߣϣһƷʲô˵㣬ߣƾһƷҲԸˡ
û˵꣬鶸һ䡣
һݵķâشҶ
εĽһ㣬˷죬ҶνҲΪνɶ
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һɲǣҶһ䣡
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ƺͫЦȾ¶һ˿ЦݣҽС
˵ֵɲǣ鶸رþ쳣ǣ㡭ʩչʲôȻҡ
Ļû˵ҶѾ³ˣΪͬ飬ҶѾڹˡ
ͫȻӰҶڽͨ״̬£Ӱһڣ֮еĶڣҲܹӰ쵽
ͫԲ򵥣
ңϣʵҲйء塯⡣
ǣǰýţҶûκζ⣡֪壬һλ𣬻ûˣͫٴʵ
˭ʲô˵ţָҶ棬ŭȵУʲôˣҪɱ

һ·޺һӰһһӡͻأĳ֣Ҷ档
ӡ֮ˮһƿ·޷һƵ
ͬʱͫˣⱬӭӰǰ㲻ɱ
ΪʲôƾʲôŭŭǣӡȻ޷ͻǰͫķ
Ҷ棬Ѿˣ

ŭһһɫĳƾճ֣ɫ޳ֵɲǣձݶŤ˼£ƺ޷ⳤ޵һ㡣
ͫһޱȡ
ǰ㿴ʲôͫ߳һ
ʲӦȥɲǣĿһͻرЩɵŭɱʹƾʧǸոճֵİɫҲΪ⻪ɢС
״Ҷһ
һ󵨵뷨ظ֣ʱúôʱã


640 ԭ
һҶ˸ոձɱõĽʯʬǰߡ
һЩֱҶһҧڡ߶ɲǣֱӰ˽ʯʬĶͷС
ڴɲǣһɿƥسҶģ·һ㾭Ҷľڡ
֮һ˿ĴŽʯԴľѪ⡢ȴǺˮһؿռӡ֮ϡ
һһĺ֮£ĵؿռӡʼҵĲ·ʱһ㡣
ڶؿռӡ̵Ҷ棬ȻĵؿռӡѾٽıԵǣ飬кܳһ·Ҫߡ
ȻˣڵĵؿռӡʼҵĲҶЩڴؿռӡ󣬻ʲô
һؿռӡ֮󣬴Ҷڶؿռӡ֮Ҷͨʩչ츳
ǰ߸Ҷı˱ǿĻᣬߣȴҶӵǿս
ûؿռҶǾ޷ɳָ߶ȵġ
УǵڶؿռҶͨʩչ޵츳Ҷս
ǣҶڵļž飬ƷߵľҪûľ飬ֻƷ
ģȫǵؽ޵ľ飬ҶոոɵĽʯƷȴǸߴƷֱܹӺɱͬ޵Ŀֲ
ҶƣλᣬٴεõʯĿֲľĿԷǳС
ԣҶܸɴðˣźͫʱҶûȡʯľ顣
ʯСɽۿɼٶȿٵĸɱţؿռӡڲͣţҶĶ䣬ȴһֲ©źͫĶԻ
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еĺͫϵҶͬʱ¶һȻ֮ɫҶ棬һش𣬴Ӳ֤Ҷµƶϣȫȷġ
ƷڣĲһŶΪɵĴڣ᲻
ҶÿеС
ܹúͫ׵ĿƣǿҲԲϼ޻ŵĶ֡
ж壿ͫʵ
ңһ룡
룿ͷ죿
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˵ǣһ̾ϢһʹҶ۾顣
һ̾Ϣ·ħһ㣬·ʧ˻һһ̾Ϣ֮£˲Ϣ˹
Ȼһ𾪺Ͳ˼Ŀ⣬Ķźͫ任ʮΣתһֱǿķŭίźͫ
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⻰ͫЩĬ
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Ҷĵһ֮г˯սֲ飬ǣҶоⱻΪڵĿֲڣҲһָͷ
ֵ֮ĸоҶǳĲϲ޿κΡ
ɱ˽ʯ̣𱳵ʬ壬ôϣҿԸһʹ죡ͺһ
ȻٱʱҲЩף˵Ŀˣпܸͬ࣬ͬΪ壡
ͫû˵ĿһתĿա
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Ϊʲô
Ѿдˣ˵ûʲô˼ˣͫλصںڴա
һɲǣλصȴЦһڣԽԽϲľˣСһȴǷϷ飡ϲ
ҪǷܴɵ飬ΪʲôҪǷأͫ۾˵
ҶЩԣǶͷϵȴһı˱ƿصĸо̫ˡ
ǹΪʲôƴΪԭ
Ϊ˽ƿԼУԼˣ
СѣɷϷΪλģϷܺ棬ǺεȴڵѪϷѹ£صͻؿҶ档
ڣ֪ףСӣֱץȥоʲôˣЩ˵
û˵ѪҶˣҲԶˣͫĻЩ졣
Ҳ֪ڽһؾ֮󣬾ͳڽͨ״̬£Ҷƽ˵һѻ
ȻҶ֪Ӧþǿźڵڵԭ򣬵ǣҶ治˵
Ȼν˵ѹҲ£ôʹڵѪ˵ڵѪҪ߽ס
ҪǸ֪Ѫ֪᲻ɵ˼
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ԭ򣿡Ҷʵ
һԭȻϷ䶼֮ԼϷˣǲܲģǵֻйأ
˵дͻһֻҪϷԸ⣬ϷɱΣ˵ϷĨɱ㣬֪֪˭ֻΪһ꺣СһϷ鷳
ԣҶЦһ˵ͷ˵ûԼʵֻЧҺ֪ڶԭʲô
ڶԭʵ


641 ʯ
Ӧøлֻӵеδ֪ѪɹϷȤϷֻ֪ںڵδ֪߽Ѫ֮󣬻ʲôӣкֱ仯
Ϸ֪ͽںϸ߽Ѫֱ֮仯ܣϷһĵڶԭ򣡡еصд
Ҷţһ׵ķںѪķ
СһϷе̰ģϷոһڣ㾹ȻϷ̽ںѪķ
Ҷû˵ֻǿСèһۡ
ΪܹСèףκοܵķҶ涼Ҫһԣܵþ
ϷҲڿûδ֪ĸ߽ѪϷɵ׵Ʒһ˵ڵδ֪Ѫ֮£ƷѪϷҲںϡ
ǣڵδ֪ѪıԴϷѪҪǿԣϷҲ޷׻ںѪ
޾ʧ֮ɫشҶи֡
еڣ϶ĿǰĴڣ޷׻ںѪ
Сè׻ںѪѶɴ˿ɼ
СһҪʧϷⱲӣ֪ٴξľأÿһμֹͻῴϣ
ǧ磬治УֻҪᶨѰȥջҵСһ׻ںѪķģеھȻҶ档
лǰΣҶСèġҶ濴СèĿǼᶨ
ܺãȻΣϷһ֮룬ϣܴӦ
ǰ뽲
Ϸ˵֪СһںѪ֮ɳ仯ԣϷһСһϡСһܹںδ֪ĸ߽ѪϷµһͻԶϷСһ״̬Ը⣿
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̤ӥͫһʹƮӥһҶ쳣ϤıʯӣĿҶ棬Ȼ󣬳Ҷ΢΢һȭ鷳ˣݺл
̸ϣҶ΢΢ҡҡͷЩɬֻܣúͫϢĸСèϡ
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ڣҶٲ׺ͫҲ壬ǾĴˡ
ͫû˵ֻǿҶĿЩӡ
Сӣţؾ֮㣬һÿһͷپнꡭ
Ҿλǰ˵ʵڿ佱ˣλǰ˵Ҫ֪ںδ֪Ѫģ
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ոշյҶ棬Ҷ۴Уƫ޷ΪҶһˣҶ˵ǶԵġ
һɲǣλڵִдСһϢȥؾ֮ڣκ޼СһҪܵԶԶģ
ΪʲôȻ
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ǣһ֮Ҷŷ֣λڸһӣܴĿӣ
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һ΢紵ʯʬʱϸСĿɢڿ֮С
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ڴ֮࣬Ҷһһ˽ʯľڡ
ɲǣһݵĸо˷ӹȥ
ǸоĴǣһ㣬ģҶĽŵ࣬ԽԽԽܡ
ǣҶȻĴԶȥԶοʼҶг֡
ֻҪⴥǵĵطҶܹԶǵ渽÷ǳ
ҶͷƷͻȻ˶䣬ȻķһۣʱԶ
ѾǶʮˡ
ֻǧ׵ΧⳬʮĹ۲췶ΧѾǳĿֲˡ
ҪǣֻҪҶԸ⣬۲췶Χ죬ҶоֻҪĴǣͿ졣
ǰǣҶ㹻ǿ㹻־á
ҶﷶΧʼľͿʼٵӣ󵽶ʮķΧѾﵽһֲĳ̶ȡ
ҶƣҪ״̬ȥǽʣɵ״̬£ֲ֧˰Ϣ
ҶӳʮĴʱصﷶΧ֮ڣļ֮Ҷ̽оΧĴǡ
ûãҶͷ֣ĴǣȫܹΪ־ƶϡ仯
ѵǣҶͷһȻ뷨
һɲǣ겨شҶϱͬʱɫ⻪شؼ֣̣
ˣ
һ³ġǽƾո֣


642 ռϵķ
һƾոĳġǽҶ澪Ӷˡ


ûҶ澪ϲϣҶǰһڣͻԴһҽУήڵصͬʱոƾոֵġǽҲ˲ɢΪɫĹ⻪ɢڿС
ǿһһ˯ĳҶ߶һ˿˹ǰħ֮УħħĻϡ
ΪɾǺˮһɵĶʱȴǷͬһѡ
Ҷоţƶһ㣬ѾŽһֻͨħĻͽڣҪǿ־ţмкüΣҶ涼ʹ˯ȥ˯һոֱļ׵ָܹˡ
ؾ˯ȥ˵ҶԶҲѲˡ
ħĻ걻ƽڵɲǣڹ⻪һתһɼʹҶؿڵֱ꺣
Ǿúһ㣬һ˯ǰڡͷʹѵȵΣΪһĳ룬׵Ļˡ
Ҷȴûͣ߶ֱӴħʮͨħĻ꣬ҶĿݽߵʼɿĻָ
Ҷ浱ʱħؾ֮ȡ˽ӽһǧֻħĻ꣬д󲿷ͨħĻ꣬ٲǻ꽫һֻħĻеߡ˧
Ϊ˿ٵΪҶڹħĻ꣬Ϊڶʱء
ħĻ꣬Ҷһֱħڡ
ǵԭʵΪ˽
ħĻҶĿǰֵΨһһֱֿ߻ָıûǱҪ
һĹȣҶΪٵĻָ
һֱҶ涼ǷǳСĵģһĹȣʱͻܽ
ǽΪ˳Խʯ츳Ϊ֪Χֵ̫Զˣһ˲ֱҳǽɵǽģֱӿݽߣһ㣬ͳ˯ȥ
Ŷһֱ᲻õħĻ꣬Ͼ⣬һһΣҶĿǰĴҲͿİֻоųɣͨħĻꡣ
˽ӽʮֻͨħĻ꣬꺣ڵָĳңҶŰµĨһ亹
һ㣬Ҫ׵군ˡ
һɲǣϲ֮ɫ͸Ҷա
ŵ飬Ҷڸ˽ʯ츳
ȻǶƿأ
ƿأ
Ҷġ
ֱӵԪ˵ǿߵרҶ뿪磬̫Զˣ
ͨʯ츳ҶȴЩ츳ǿ˵ǿߵǿˡ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣӵ츳ΪͻƵôսʱĳ־ɱɱӡ
ң似ҲɱӣϾԼڵޣԪ޾ġ
һɲǣһԼסԼһ׵ġǽͻأĵҶǰһصĶһ㣬Ȼڲͣӡ
ϢĹ򣬺Ⱦͳ硣
ֻҪҶ߶صܿı任С״λҪǣҶһ˿һֻҶңƵķ仯
Сʱ֮󣬽ʯƿҶѾòˣֻҪƷΧĻǺ޵ġ
кҪһǣʯƿԽӽ棬Խǿ󣬵Ҷվڵʱ˲Ϣ۳һ׺ܣӦзֲйأ棬ࡢԾĵط
УЧͲ˺ܶ࣬ȻؼʱǷǳˣڻһǿı
ʱ֮ҶСèǹҫ̤;Ŀǰֻӵҵһͨ
ʱ䣬ҶţٱҲҵ
ǣҶ뷨ȴЩҡˡ
ؾڿѰҹҶûκջ
ҶҶѹҲκޡ
еޣƷĻƷģֻƷޣԶԶģҶ滹мʮԶʱ򣬾ͱܿˡ
ңһֻֻıܣҶΪķԲüʮﷶΧޣȫԶԶıܿҶκλᡣ
ҶСèּӳ֣Сè˲ٶٴο쭵ңˣҲ׷һޡ
޵õ˳֣Ҷ׷ǵʱǾͻɢܣҶµСèٶٿ죬׷һֻ֮޾ܵûӰˡ
ϣ׷һֻϣǲܴġ
ʱҶŷ֣λʱһ仰ȻҶΣգǣҲҶõĻʱ΢΢
ҵǣܴһ·ֻǣҶЩȻûκһߡ
ؾЩϵǣҶѾʼżˣʱѾһˣҪҵ
ûҵҶȴҵ˷˵ؾеĿռϡ
Ҷ׷ɱһͷƷ޵ʱһͷײռϵġ
СèǷǳھǿռϻмʮ׵ʱ͵һͣٶȱ
ҪȻһʱĸײһ͸ĿռϣǺǷǳֲġҶƾ㲻ײҲԶˡ
ﻨ㣬ݳݺɣҶһ۾ͿֵΪݣǹȥ
Ҷ波˸ַƳϵĸָҲûκΰ취һǸָǷһȦ
ҶԸУ޾أ
ԻûоʧˣΪڴ֮ǰСèѾһαˡ
ʮҶĿżͷеĽȥٳٽȥٳҶΪصԭϹȥʱɽȥ
˶ڵòĶĺǿģһʱ䣬Ҷڿռǰ˼ȥ֪ʲôջ񣬵Ǵʱȴޱеȥ
߿УҶ߷ŵüԶԶռϣвɵĽţżһͷĵؽ̰һĴǿϣȥ
һ㣬֤˽ռΪûйϵ
ôռʲôйϵأ
Ҷ뵽֡
Ӧޣ˵ǻضɵޣܽ롣
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ǣҶ뵽һֿܡ
ʯǲǿɽռأ
ȻʯˣǣҶӵнʯľ飬֮⣬Ϣ겨ͨʯľ֡
һɲǣҶسڽʯľڣһתҶͻؾ˱仯ˡ
ϢĹһСɽһĽʯسڵϡ

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643 ˵ķ
ûԤеҶûɽʯ֮ԴǴһ㣬׾ٴ˷ͨĿռϡ
һɲǣҶ飬Ӧ˵ǽʯͱ÷ǳ⣬𾪣Ȼ
һɲǣҶᵽ˼ƷԪŨȡ
֮ļƷ
ڱǼ䡢ȫµÿһë׽ӴĶԪһݵĸоӿҶͷָоصˮһ㣬ޱȵ
⼫Ʒ֮ƶ·һˮߵĸоСֻôһָоŨԪɵıֿɼ
Ҷ澪ȵǣĿڱǱܵĺëױܵĺĴ쳣ԪźҶڡ
ȻҶ澭ΪʼԶתΪʼһ㶨ٶȿʼӡ
仰˵ֻҪߴ⼫Ʒ֮УֻҪ룬ÿĽ˯ʱڸ·ʱκʱΪʱŶ
屾ܵĺУ⼫ƷдԪõ޸ҩһ㣬뵽ҶÿڣÿһƤÿһʣƽսµİˣǱĬб̸ֱʧ
һôͳֵˡ
һ߽ʡʱ䣬ֻҪûƿûƿΪ벻ѡ
⻹Ǳܵĺ״̬µǿĿʼΪٶȵ׻ﵽεȳ̶ȣ
ңҶãƷĺô϶һ㣬ģҪҶȥ
ҶֻǺޣܴ⼫Ʒڵʱ̫ˡ
һɲǣҶʱ˾
һΣһҪ뾡취̶ᵽƷʹȨ̶ֻᵽ⼫ƷʹȨҶܻý⼫ƷĻᡣ
ҶûɵĽʯ⼫ƷڻƶţʯȻĵȽѹֻøԱܿȴûκҪԶ˼
ӦΪλڵԭЩԭͻɱһܹƽദ
ͬһ֮䣬Ȼһľ룬ЩУǸԶԶġ
ҲΪˣ󲿷ֵҶûĽʯľ붼̫ԶңҶ֮£ԽЩ֮Ľ̸
ȻЩ޵ĺ˻ҶĶڣҲһ˼
Ҷ󲿷ݶЧģЧҲֻ㹻ˣ
˵һλ¿ˣ
ֹǿˣǵλܹ޵ļһ̫ˣûɶͷ
ԣ
˿˵ˣǿ˲õĴˣ˭ҪǸͻˣͰ˭Ƥ
ˣ˵ĿζĲǿǸɱƨɣôȵֻëɫı׻ƨɷ顭
У׻ƨٷ飬Ҳģǰǿ˵ר裡
û˵׻ӹúܿ࣬˵Դ˻ʮҲûҹռ۵ϴ桭
Ҳǣ׻Ȼסڹӡ

ֻ޵ĶԻҶЩЦЩƷǣȷʵǣҲǶѣǲǻۡ
ڽ̸ĹУȴҶ͸¶˺ҪϢ
νġ޵Ǳ׻סġʱ򣬼̸ֻ޲ԼͬңϷ
һΣҶܻ⣬һΣҶ;ſܴʲô
ĿԾνġϷ
һսʤҶǣҶԻûĽʯһֲ첻ٶϷн
ǽһʱҶͲˡ
ԽԽľ
տʼнʱƷ޻Ƚ϶࣬˴ʱǰʮﷶΧڣȫƷޡ
Щ޵ģԦųһٵ¼֮жûмأҶ־ǣЩ޿򡮽ʯĿЩ⡣
Ҷеģʯ޵Уһս鷳ɾʹˡ
һҶ汩¶ݣΧʮͷƷޣݣһλĿ߶ͷʹޱȡ
Ҷ泤ĽռϷ磬ҶȻûмǰŬҶ뿴Χʲô
ܺĴǣһһɫĹ㣬ЩɫĹ֮£Ҷ·޵˹ȥҿʼŸ߿еɫߵȥ
Ҷ淢ֵһЩߵ÷ַҶڳԶдӸ߿
ͷ·۾쵽˶ʮĸ߿һ㣬κ˵ע⡣
ԶɲǣҶ鶸رޱȡ
ԶһռعĹȺʽΪӣȴɢһݵգһĪƳ𣬿һۣ֮ġ
ǰͷᡢ;޴˫ѪڹҲͣѲţɢϢȱǸôԶҲҶһëȻĸо
Ѫǣû뵽ȻܹѪǣҶ૳
ѪǣԦųһٵ¼ϼصһֺޣ¼ļأѪǣһٶǰԦŵޣԸ߶ս
ǰǰԦŲҰУͷѪȴʧ
ҶҲû뵽Ȼܹ￴Ѫǡ
һҶûĽʯٴǰӦģĸӦصҲǰ
ǰ֮ԶǹȺڿԿˡ
ǣҶǰΪ˿ȺΪ˿һǽϵ̵ıڻ
ǱڻɲǣҶʱĸо
ɫۼף
ǱڻȻһ޴ɫۼˣһеͼ
ɫۼϻơɫǴСԦųһǿۼ׵һģһ
һ˲䣬Ҷͷһַĸо
͵ĵһλڰ
˵͵ôһȺ
ǰԦӣһҹ֮ˣ
һ˵ûԦţǱġ
ҶãԦŵˣ̫λ³çпλΪǵڡ
㲻λΪҲѲ˸ϵ
ڣҶȴ͵һλɱĺĴڡ
ҪǣҶǰͬһ㡣
λڷ⼫ƷھȻֳһֻʯʲôӦ
ϢζƵĽʯȻҶûʱ򣬻ʲôӦ
ѻƬо¶ģ
˲Ϣ䣬һ־޴Σʱ٣һΣҶ־ˣ
뿪
뿪
һ֣Ҿ֮أ
һգҶûĽʯһת˿ҵʱٶȥ
𣡡
ͻطһ쳣ĻХһ޴͸ɷɫͷسϷ
Ҷͷͻһݣ


644 
պδɫͷĺƺޱ޼ʣѸٵĴԶ
кԵ͸һƵζһ㣬Ҷó
ҲˣҶһջ˶ţҶĶᵽɤۣҶ滹Ϊ޵֣Ҷ鷳ˡ
ҪҶɾҪ군ˣѹԵʵңҶоλǰһԾ˵Сһ㣬ûκη߽ҵĿܡ
ϵıħƹҲá
˵ǣ龪һ
ҶЩɻ
ε᲻ĸͫ
ͫҶΪʲôϸоϤأ
Ȼ龪һǷŵ£Ҷ˾ӣҶ֪ǼǼֲĴڣ·ӽʱһɨģܹ쳣
ϾʯǶһ޶ġ
ԣҶûбκνңʵʵ˳ⱻεĿռϸļƷ
ȫصռڣ»ָʱҶһ
ȻҶܹɵٽ̤ļƷ֮ڣżǿռϣҶ滹ܷһֺݡ
ǼֵٴҶ涼ûиԽ׳һ
ԽռϣҶûκΰա
ʱҶѾӦˣǰλ˵˲ɱԭҶãԭʵпܵһԭ
λ֮Լ϶Ǽ򵥵ĿͷԼ˵λʲôɵġ
⣬ͷǳˣҲҶƾܹġ
ҶڵĿǵʱ䣬Ҷ취ŪλڵҶŪ;ֻʣһˡ
һɲǣҶСèؾ֮ĿĴҹ޻һǰһıҶͬߡ
˵ǣ峿ҶʷһӰȻ׷ȥ
ǰߵķٶҲܿ죬ֻǱƷƷ޵ٶȣͲԶˡҶСèӳ֮£Խ׷Խ
ûãƺҲҶ棬Թ۲֮󣬾ͷӭҶ档
ģһ׵ľ޺Ҷ֮УҶͫ׶һ
ãأ
ֵᷢ׳Ǹرŵڶ˷磬Ϊߴ۷塣
ٺ٣ôס˺ü죬ҵһˣ⼸׷ɱޣүˣ˷ٺһЦŴϣ͸òľ
ţɢϢɢϢǿ󣬶ǿĲһ㣬ֻһôϣٴ
㣬ҵˣ
˵˷ͻسҶٺһЦ٣ôţɵ˰ɣǲǻҵţû뵽ȴҼһ׮ô
˵䣬˷絥һһֻ󴸾ͻأ֣ңңָҶ档
㲻
˷ǰɣ㣬ǾԲ˵ôϻģҶͻһЦ
ϻҾϲ˵ϻôܰô˷Ҷ治мһЦλ϶ǷҶԻ꺣صΪܹμӹᣬ϶Ź֮
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û˵ôϻ㻹лᣬѾûлˣҶЦЩа죡
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֪ʱҶ˫Ѿֱ⻪
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˷ʶƺеҶΪʲô˵ϻ̫ˣǣѾ̫ˣȻܱ߻һߣ˷޿κε˻þ֮УһĻþ֮С
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ҶĻûҶƵĲĻþ˷Ľûκ
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ʮǸʲôԲʮﷶΧڵ޻ΪϢϵĻ۹γһһĹңԲ١
߶ԣΣա
ڵҶԣȴûκӰ졣
ӵһɲǣҶʹӸߴ۲쵽ԶϵиɫɢϢڵأҲҶڵķ
ǣ񱼵Ҷصʱ򣬾ͻһͣȻ͵תԱʱٶȣɿԶҶ档
һĻźܺЦȴҶѹϢ뷨
ȫѹ֮£Ϣ䷶ΧСʮ
ûǸҪɢϢȻ޷Ҷ޷Σգôֻʣһá
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սǼʵսֶΡ
˷Ĵָ֮г˼뼸Ʒҩ⣬ûҵκαܿģҶͱ˷ָϴŵһ״СƷɢϢסˡ
ö״СƷɢԽԽŨʼɫĹ⻪ңʱţɫ⻪ԽԽʢ
Ҷ۾һУ¶һ˿ϲ
ֻֻŻ޷ֵй¶Ϣ


645 Ͳ
Ϊ˷֮ڵӡѾΪ˵ɢɢµģҶӡǾɵӡ֮С
ⲢҶܹ߶ⴸˣӡӡ֮ҶֻܳĴ߶ⴸⴸйǿôС
Ҫ߶ˣûкü칦ǲܵģҪָʹҪܳһʱ
ѾҶ澪ϲˣû뵽ܹɵĵõһȻһƷ
Ʒʲô
УӵһƷߣɵԽս
£ƷصߣսʤδƷصߣʲô¡
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ңһͨ似ıͨʱᱬĹȽص㣬Խͬͨ似ǿ
Ҫǣǳ
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ڣҶʶǿ֮УֻзںӵµǷǰһʱԾġ
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Ҷ治ɵЩңҿֱûûɵĽ˷磬ҪȻսʤƷƷ׵ͨ似˷磬ºѡ
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УҶس֮ɢԶʮķΧҶһźŵһ㣬ؾε
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ߵĿǿҶĻûҪãҲöԷ֮ڵĿ֮£ܷ
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ѵֶ֪Σⲻ̫ܰɣҶЩɻ
˵أҶɻĽţЩ²͸ⱼ׽ػҪʲôΪһֱŲ֡
ҶԼ٣ҲӦļټٺˣһֱҶ֮ľ롣
ûʲôֿҡ
ҿҶֱӵķųϢ϶ˣֻû뵽Ĵ㣬ܳ˵Ĵǰɣһ˿Ц⿪ʼڱ׽ػţȻٵķŴ
ô˵־ܳ˵ĴඣҾǱԵඣ
һöӡҶǰ֣ɱ˲Ϣ˱׽ػ˹ͷȽӲֵڲã˲ɣ
ӡǰɲǣҶ˲ؼ٣׽ػҶ治ˣ׼֡
Ҷļ٣׽ػ˵ٶҲٴαɱҶ֮ľ롣
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ǻۡ
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Уû֣ϵϢãұ׽ػʵʱˣֻҵһ𣿡
Խ˵׽ػԽ⣬ϵЦԽԽʢػϵЦʢµʱͻһָҶ˵㿴ʲô
ԶǺѹѹһƬҶͻһִЦĳ嶯ţǲͲ


646 ǻþ
Զ׽ػƴȶͬʱһֵķŤ
ÿŤһٶȾͻʹܳһأԶ׷ļͷƷ֮ľ롣
ʱѹѹĸһƬһҶ浱޳һ㣬ɫȽ׸ǣԷһһĺ˻۾ͨ׷š
ԭ򣬺ܼ򵥣
ΪҶѾӦɢĵϢ룬ҶƣӦЯ
ڸӦϢʱҶѾȫ˱׽ػļƻ
׽ػҶӦһʱˣϾҶޱͷųϢػɵķҶ档
Ȼػ˽赶ɱˣӦǽɱ˵ļƻޣȻɵҶ棡
Ҷ֣͸Σ
ĴЦһ׽ػοʼŲ漲ҪЩɱˣҲڵ裬Ȼһİյġ
󷽣ų˹ǰߵ΢΢һ·Ҷڵķ
ɵȣ
ҶӵĿػжд˱ġ
ߣ˭ɵȣϾͻúҴɣ׽ػܵҶ෽ʱ򣬶شһױ

׹ⶸشӿ֣Ȼ͵ر
׹ⱬУ׹⣬һ˲Ϳ쭳ʮľ룬˲Ϣ䣬ͽҶ֮ľ˶ʮ֮ڣͬʱҲԶ޳ľ롣
ǣʮľ룬޳ԣûκֱеĿ׷
ʼʩչ츳ױҶ˫һУСèҲ͵ת󳷣ٶһ˲ͼϡ
ʱҶѾ׵˱׽ػԸļƻ
ȻֻҪҶվԭһͿ׵Ƶػļƻػɵۡ
ǣҶĿػ׵ɵȣԣҶҪһ㶯ڵĺ󳷡
ôҶ涼Ҫ޳һ㷢ӵĿռ䣬ãҲҪ׽ػⷢӵĿռ֮ڡ

ڲͣʩչױÿһʩչױ˲Ϣ쭳ʮϵľ룬СèҶļӳҲǲٵĺš
ҲǲѣҶ֮ľѾԽԽѾʮˡ
Զ׽ػĿһУڴ
ֻҪ޳ɵĸɵҶ棬ȥ֮Ϳ¥ǷͣǷΪʱܹһͨ似
Ϊ˿ڴػں󳷣˵ػܵҶı˷ûע⣬˵ѹû⣡
ֵزı䷽Σ
ԭҶ֮һֱߣػ֮࣬䣬ԹһΣ׷֮޳Ҷֱϵһ㣬ǿ񱼶ϰͷѹػκνʣѹûзּʮ֮ػ
ǣ޳һԽػڵķλʱҶڳʱı˷
˹켣ĻһĻߣҶı˷׷ֱϵ޳㣬Ҳ̸ı˷
Ϣ֮⼸Ĳʱ˱仯
ԭȲֱ߲ʵػĵ㣬ͻȻֱߵߡ
Ҷͷڶ޳ػֱߵĩβ
仯ػҲˣѹûֱ仯޳Ѿȥ黹ô仯
޳׷Ҷ棬Ȼֱ˺Ҷ棬һУֱ޳ɢȥ
˼䣬һöƵɫػУöϷΪӰϢӰػ߼ġ
׼ʵʱ򣬱Ҷ汻Χ˺ʱӰӰ¥ڽĹؼ
ԶԽ׷ԽҶľѾʮ
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طһ̵˶Ĥ۵ļҫ۵׹ⶸشϱһα׹⣬ǰʩչױʱ׹ⶼҪңǿòһ㡣
Ҳˣһױݳľ붼Զǰζݳľ롣
һ˲䣬ͿԽ˽ʮľ룬ɲǼԽҶ棬ڷҶͷɲǣһ磬Ҷһƾ˵׹
Ȼһ׹ĺܶҶɶ˺Ҷٶȱ仺ǣĺ׹󷽵޳Ժ׷Ҷ档
ңҶٶٿ죬ǰţΣҶ涼Ӳ޳ĸǡ
ػƣ
ߣɣ
ͬʱ׽ػһеӰ⻪˸УӰʼǰӰ
ػţ˵Ҷ棬̵ߣģ޳ǰҲԲŲϢʱ䡣
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ͻأػĿһ
ҲٶԽҶɲǣҶµһͣȻͷ塣
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һɲǣػ۾Ͷصɴ󣬵ɵñͭ廹Ҫ
Ҷ淵޳Ҷ޳֮ľѸٵСʮ֮ڣȵһֻƷѾ׼𹥻
ҲڴʱȵͷƷ޶طһǿ־塣
ֲģһһͨ棡
Уһ·׷Ҷϰͷǣˢˢת񱼣·Ƿǳ־һ㡣
ͷƷڣһȫתӡ
ңͷƷܵıеǶҪҪ죡
еޣƺĳĪĿ־£˱ʱҪ˵ٶȣһߵٳ󷽿񱼶ȥ
Ҳ٣ǻþ𣿡
һֿڣ׽ػ̲סĲ˲۾Ȼ󣬿־ʱ˱׽ػ˫ۡ
ӰҲ˲ùܣںڵӣ
ٶȷƣȷһ㣬֮ͬУػٶȻǷǳġ
ǣٶʱǷʱͲˡ
Щ޶һЪ˹Ŀ񱼵ʱ
ܿģͷ޳ػľԽԽȵͷֻƷ޴ʱѾ嵽޳ǰߣػвʮ
Ҷƣò˼Ϣ׷ػˡ

죬ң
˭ܸң⵽ôһ£ػһһ߿񱼣ʱʱĻͷһۡ
żȻĻͷ䣬ػͿں޳ҶͻһͣңңģȻһΣ
ػϵóǸΣ
ɵȣ
һɲǣ׽ػɫٴδ䡣
Ϊ֣ųɢ񱼵޳ǣѾûֲһпĸоһѪĵɵϣǲʱе
ЩǷڰҶϢǸ⴫ҪԶϢʧ֮һɢѪߣسǵڡ
ǸܿϢ⣬˵ߣǵĿ꣡
һɲǣٶһͷƷһ˸Ͷµػǰ

໣
˷޺У׽ػ޳ûûһɲǣɫ԰ֽȣ


647 
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Χػ޳ΧǷһ㣬ͣĹΧޣ굽޳ġ
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Ҷ˺Ƭ֮󣬵ػ޳Χĵطġ
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ȻҲ˵λִжȷǳľˡ
֪ҶǱ׽ػıҶ浽֮󣬱׽ػȻš
ȻţҲԶˡ
ȸһ첲ѾˣؿһƬѪĭƬͣĴػĿðһ͸
ҶĵʱһϢػ۾һţҶʳ֣Ϊʲô
ҶûлشҲǼ仰ܹģϢػŭ˫۴Ųһ
ҶƵǣȻûҵػĴָػŴָѾӰǱһֻ޸ȥȻˡ
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⼸죬սʱÿʱỵ̈Ҷ涼ˮĥƷƴ
Ҷƣһ죬ͿԽƴ磬ؼʱҲóսȻҪƴȫӳҪ־õ
һʱ䣬ſԷųԶôһݣ֪ܲյʱҶЩڴ
ӵһϢ䷶ΧǷǳģҶƣ䷶ΧӦÿԴﵽԶ
£˵ܹҶ
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УκһߵӰӣȻҶ֮⣬ĴѲѰϢޡ
ҶǧһïʢĲݴֻƷƵתƣʱʱĿһڷʲݡ
һͷţ׼һһӨ͸һ̲ݣͷһ˦ţ;˹ȥǾȥɲǣţ͵һƺʲôϡ
һⶸͷţǰ
裡
ŭĽУһͷţײɫϡ
һǱӰش
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ǺӼٶȣֱӴ߶µƷ⽣ٶնɱͷţȻӵԶԶġ
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ֱ׵ڸϢµĿԶ߰ͷãȻޣһ
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кüǺӶ
ҲΪǺӲźԥ˽µĴȴһĽ
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ǺӴʱ뷨ܸӣӱϣҶ氲ȫͨһΪ̣Ϊ£Ҷ氲ȫع飬¾Ͳġ
ĵȴһڼҶ£ǲǻлأ

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ϣֻҪռߣ󶼼Ϣȴһ̡
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ǿߵʵƾյĶ֮֫ȴֶ֫ĵҩȥ֮Ӧÿһŵҩ
һʱԼǺһһڣ׹ǹ˳һԹ
Ҷ棡
ţȵս֮ϣһҪɱ㣬Ҫûҵ
ЩصĺܺãЩ˵Ͳ˺ܶࡣ
̵գûĿ񱼣аͷ޴ӸΧ׷½ء
ȵһͷƷޣٶȷľˣ
Ҳڵģڱ˵ռСסˣĿЦһӦںǸɵҶģ
ģôɵҶ棬ʲôɵҶ棿
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һŭһ߷ŭıԹţһ߷һһЪ˹ıоֲȥˣÿһ𣬶һΣÿһαȴԽԽС
ָоԽԽ־壬ףԶˣ
˭ҪܹңҸмʮ˴շһεĺƺᵽ˺߿׷޿ȳϢ
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漣ûг֣
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ҶĵЩǺȻɢҶոշֵﶼҲˡ
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ʱһֻƷ޵ѪڣѾݺݵҧյ
пܣҶգ
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ҶľգҲֻǽյƳټʱˡ
Ҷеõõ鱨֮Ҷһʹ죬ϧǣ첻Ҷᣡ
ҹĻ٣Ҷֹͣ˵Ѳ֣ôתҲġ
ԶĿֲϢὫڵ޶ȻЩڽӽҶʱٴκȻɢ
޾ۺϱ仯ϿԱ֤ҶﷶΧ֮ûκһ߸ҳ֣ż֣ҲжԶԶ
ԣҶɴϥڵأһƴһתʱٳɶ࣬Ҷһֱڼֵһ¡
ʱҪˡૼ䣬Ҷ۾
ؾڣڴʱҲðеߣطԼȴһɲǡ
ؾڵİͬǣɹɽϣͷͷǣѾһƬ
Ϊսڣ


648 ˭˭
ɹɽɽϣһؾٽʱ䣬˵鶼ýŶڴҲ⡣
Ǳ˻Ҫš
ۣ⼫ƷԿҪ̽ǧ⼸֮ԽԽ⼫ƷᣬԭҲڴˡ
ڹٰ֮ǰǧۻǱȽĵģ̵һֳǿսǵɹɽóصʵǧ۵ľ˴ء
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ҶʵսôһγսҲֻ
ؾƴĿɲսͷԡȵȡ
ԣֱʱǧۻǱźܴġ
ţվѵûһ仰ϣԽʧԽ󣿡
Ϊ̵ͷ̽Źκһ̻߶̵Ļᡣ
֣ʶ죬ǳţǴӷ̳һ㣡ǧ۷ǳֱӡ

֣˵һҪһƷѹܣţǳ̵̣Ļᣡ˵
ǵһᶼƴģ㲻ΪĻһսֻл꺣صϳɣǧЩɬô˵Уһֵĸо
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쿴˭
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Ҷ棿
Ҷ棿Ȼܹų
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⡭ôܣʵڴľ޴ʧһɻĿ˰׹ǹ˳
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ģ֮սһȡҶ׼˫ַϣ׹ǹ˳һ䣡

̽ǧۿŻתҶ棬شЦͺãͺãˣնǸ˰ļһһֱۣϲϼϲãǳã
һԣɫرʮѿڣ
ʹĳţ˵Ҷᣬʹˣžž֡
Զ¥¥ڿҶųʧߺ֮󣬿һһϻųߣȴЩżˡ
ػأûмػô


649 
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һĻؾڲμ뿪ʱľ񣬴ʱͫվһλϼ׵ԡ
Ҷʧ龰һȭ߬ýģ޲óȥҶ¾
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ǱԦŻĻ𣿡һһҧгݵģ
ע⵽һ㣬Ϸͺοˣˡϼ׵ɫüһͫʲô
ͫʯ΢΢һ˵ڣԦ֮ĶԹҲ֪ʯʬ廯ΪɻҵʱҲûиӦҶϵϢ仯
˵ҶӦûýʯʬǣҲԲʲô£ҽ飬պлԶ۲죬ǷпΣ壬Żնɱͫ˵
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˵ͫһתͷͿϼ׵ڣڣ˵Ķ𣿡
ϼ׵ڲûشͫѵûУλͫδҪԭˣҪģﰡһ˵һָָԸԴ
һǵͨ죬ڣԭ׿ڡ
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۹⣬Ĳ
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һƴ߶ԣų뵨Сص裡ǺӻҶ棬̵ֻߣ鶼÷ŭޱȣ
һԣҶ۵ļ򣬶ǰ
˵˰ɣɭһЦһĵˡڱ˵ƣۡ
ô˵أ飬ϹҶϷʵͻ
鶸رɭ쳣Сӣҵҵˣûܹùڶġ
裿Ҿû˼˵ʵ
ţúøӦӦϵϢҪǸӦɣǼҶ潫ƤеһԵĵ˳
ɲǣ˵۾Բˣߣͷͷǣ۾ȫԲˡ
飡

ߵû㣬Ȼܻų̵ĽǧڣҲɴ۾ǳĳԾ
ô죬̫ߵˡ
һһ֮ΣգǼ
ǾһˣһСģҪ޴Χڼ֮󣬾ǴϢķڣȴ
飬ǲǵǽԲһ
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ոմؾĸӢǣҶĿ⣬ǰռһ㡣
Ǵ֮󣬶ڹһţ⣬һ군Ҷ棬Ȼ飡
鰡
ˣǰɣţ뿪ؾǰ۽дġ
˵ҶٴһЦ˰ɣ
飬ʸսɣ
㿴˵ʵϹ
㣡
ɫرޱȣһޱȵϢ͸ֱҶ棡


650 ҶĻر
֣αضŭأ
ǧϢҶǰһһܸϮҶǵϢʹʧ
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ǺǣҶСӣǵӴ󣬿˵ע⣡ַģȥ֮һѵģ
˵ҪѵǼǧȫԺ⣬мüɫģɵӶԿóȥǧۻѵҶŹ֣ǻǽͲŶԡ
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˵żǧֽⷢӵĽѵһ䣬ˣʲôʱֵǧѵˣ
ƫû
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һ㣬Һţҵ£ȫԼҪⷽǷȱܿڣҾԲ˽
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̽ǧٴȣĻҲЩǶԣģµˣ
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鶸޾㵨Ұּܻҵһ㽫ʬϣ
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˵Ҷһ̣ͻسЦˣ¥һҪ㣡
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㿴ʲôҶͻóһɫںڡ׹ֵĳ
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棬ɫرò԰ޱȣ
㡭
ɱػ׾ǰһĿ·ʸһҶϡ
أӦòΪײ˼׽ɣ˵꣬Ҷٴο¥͸ݴΣ
㡭ָҶ棬űҶջȥı׽ĶڵѪػƷ׽߼Ū͸ػء
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׾϶ر˵ɷҶ棬ţϣұȡ׼Ϊֶ𣡡
ͬķϻѾ˵ܶˣ
ҶĻ׾ϸոձܳɷһͷһԵĴܸС
ǰ˵ҶѲҲû⣬һ꺣߶ѣǵҶĽ棬ŷ⵱еѴ
ڣڿͷĽϣһ˶ûռ
ңҶóնɱ׽ػսҶΰ쵽ģҲ׾һֱΪϵȻƵȻ޴棡
Ҫնɱ׽ػҲף
һԣǳ̵ŵɽֻƱıƳҶ˻ȥӰ¶˼֮ɫ
Ҷóؾڰȫع顢ջնɱ׽ػս׹ǹ˳ն˳һ۵սӴ˿Ǳ뽫Ҷ濴֮ĴԴ
һУ޹غΪҶԼģ
ͬһʱ䣬һϧһдۣѰҶս鱨
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İɣ쿪ʼϣֻҪҶ棬һնԴϱ֮𡭡׹ǹ˳ҧгݵ˵
Ҷ棬Ļ㲻÷ϣˣһ˲ɣ˲ãУһΪ´ˣȹ֮󣬱һصĽǣ
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µᣬȴһֱƢĵ
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ӦһҶʵûϢĵطҹû˯ˣˣ
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̵ںǹ⻪ʧ֮󣬻ûзջҲĶסˣɫѿ
ʵڿҶʱںɫͱúѿ
Ӧ֮ΨһһԸ⿴Ҷĸ߲㡣
ߵҲ֮Уʱ򣬸μĿһҡ
ƱõģֻһߣҲˣһιᣬƱʤĿ
˶ռƣҲǾԡ
վʤķʽйأ
վʤķʽԻ۶ʤ
֣Ǹߵս֣Ըμӵڶÿһߵõܻʤġ
£¥˾ֻܻݻ̵֣ܻݻ֣Ʊܸķݻ֡
ĸ˵Ļ֮ͣӻ϶Ҫ˺˻õܻҪ࣬ڵĿȻ
Ȼ֮Уÿһ߰ÿһսʤòͬĻ֣սÿһߵı֣ǾʤĹؼ
죬ʼҲζÿһĹҵսʼ


651 ߶ĶĽ

ڶ̽ǧ۾̤Ҷ桢ǺӡϢ
ۣƻָˣǧʵ
ؽ˵ҩ︱ҵѾָ˾ųɣԷսˣ
ǿʺ͸ԴĶ쿴ȥһϢ۽ͱȡ
ͺãҾͷˣۣһܷɣǧͻ˵
¾ϵɽ»𺣣ҲҪɽ´񣡡۵Ϊ
ǧЦŰ˰֣ȱŴӦ񣬿ɱϵɽ»Ѷˣһιڿȷһʮ߲μӣҪɱǰʮʤʮֵĻ֣𣿡
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ԣʱˣһƴ౨
ȻʮֵĻֽĿ꣬һҪ취õĻ֣һܹյʤؽ
һԵҶǺҲЩԾ
ʵΪͨ似ؼҵģҵķЩͨ似Ҫĵر߸ⱦ
ЩΪչԭˡ
ҲΪʲôܹᵫΪߴߵĸԭˡ
һԴȥֻҪǰ׳գΪܴȵߡ
˵Զǧ۵Ŀ⿴ҶǺӣ
ҪһιлʤҪÿ˵ŬϵĵӸأ
˵ʵɱǰӦûʲô⣡ǣһҪʤҪȡøߵΣøĻֲпܣ
ϾϾȴƣ
ĹҪʲôܻȡյʤҶ濪ʵ
ܹռݵڶ۵Ļ֣һǽϵĻʤǧ˵
ҶǺȴͬһۣӸԵп𾪣Ƿֱõڶɵʤʣ
ûĻֹйϵԣһαʱ֣;ԲҪ飬ɱ־ɱ֣ȻһУҪڱ֤Լȫǰ£
ңսʱԼҲҪСģΪˣҲ˼Ҫսʤ֣Ҫشɱ֣ǧһ
ǵ˶õһأǵʤмɣҶͻʵ
˶õһĻʤܻߵ˳ɣҪõһѣ׾棬ǴУ
ƱƲߣҲܹսʤģ鱨ƲһԵǧ˵
ԵƷҶǺͬʱһװһȽװĵȼԽߣԵװԽϡ١
̸ǵķװֻƷףƷ׶ûУƱƲߣȴӵƷ
ҪģƲҲǲսʤģֻҪΪǣƶӦԲԵģ
˵ǧһ٣һܻܲʤֻҪɱǰ߾ؽһͨǾٲˣܹȡʤؽ
ˣǺú׼ɣһʱҪʼˡ
˵꣬ǧһ뿪̤ɲǣǧֻͷһ˸ǣιǰṩĽǱջǣеһЩǱЩȣ
ҶǺٴȻԾǧ۶Ҫȵıʲô
ʵҶ滹Ǻӣֻ۶׽ǧ۸ղһ⣬޷Ǽǵս⣬ƴѡ
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һɲǣҶͻȻЩڣпܣڷյʱҶ뷽跨ľգȻǷǳǳѡ
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һεĹһʮ˲μӣȡǩƣֻǩֻ˳ÿһˣҪеĲսߴһ
仰˵ÿ˶Ҫսʮ峡
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Уǰ߻жļӳɡ
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ҲԭעڶĲҳ̶ȣ
ЩսĿ꣬Ҫƴɵģ


һʱ֮һҶ桢ǺӡͬʱӾ֮һۣͬʱȥ
Ҷ֣¡лǺӳ֮ͻسҶһ֣ǳ֣ء
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˵һжǶģĳԺٱ룡ۻȻһЦҶУ
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Ҷû˵֮䣬޷ܵľǱ˵Ķ飬Ҷ棬˱˵ĴҲҪ뷽跨ı
ɽƽ̨һ޴ı̨ʱ̵ĸ߲ѾۼҶ˹üЦ
ҶƼģһΣɸ˴ˣ
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ţ︱ʸⰡ˵䶼Ϊǰ׼ЩĶȵؽ
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652 Ʋߵʵ
ʱԣǰĽȷЦʵ˵
ȷҶЩ⡣
ҪʼˣȷһԣǺҲüͷ
һ¶һ˿ЦݣǽͰɡ
һֱΪɥ֮ʹһֱһ¶ЦݣһҶ桢Ǻӡ˳ɹܹͨȡĻЩ̵ĸ߲㣬ҲˣȻˡ
ǰĽʵͳˣ֮ԵڻȷҪ뽱Ʒȷйأ
Ʒȷ򣿡
ûǰĽƷͬʵģڹῪʼ֮ǰ׼ĽƷ͵һε췽
ңͳĽƷҲѡһͿԵģͳĽƷֵϿɲͨܲμӹᡣ
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ѡ͵ĽƷǴѡܹʲôƷģʵǣ˵
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֮ûɱǰǸṩĽƷͻᱻȥ
԰ҪŬˣܹڶǽõṩĽƷ
ǣһڸģеĽƷۺ첻ѣϧˣҪȻҲμӹƴһƴЦ˵
͸¶һʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
˿ңҶǺһĴָҾ͸¶һ㣬͵ĽƷ֪ʲô𣿡
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ʥˮЧײˣΪùôصƣʮϢ֮ھͻָɣϢ֮ھȫָ
ΪҩҲΪ
ֱҩ߲ۺŹ֡
ǵڶš
ۣܹóĳʥˮôóıܲأ
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ֹϷͲ˵ˣѾ˸ǽˣϷҪ˵Ǳʤ򣬶ˣ
ս˭ʤ˭ȻϷ˵λףϷҪǿһ㣬̨䣬ԣ˭ҪǱⷽԲʮ̨ߣۣ
˵䣬ָᵯһɫ߾ʹɽָɳܿģⷽԲʮﲼһȦΪ˵ǣ߾Ȼһֱһ㣬ͿԿɽĹ
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ʮٰĹǷǳˣڵӱӵĹˡ
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ǩǶٲûκӰ죬ⳡΪ¹ش󣬼žκһ׵Ŀܡ
ΨһܿƵģˡ
˴ιһУÿһսÿս֮Ϣһʱ棬ɳ鵽һǩٴγǩѡ֣ɽ˵
һǩ̨ɽ̨ɳֳ̽ǩΪ鵽һǩŵĵлǡ
һһŶսߺţ
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룡
Ʋ㣬Ʈ˱̨ԥһ£鶸رüޱȣҲ̤֮˱̨
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ΪһڸеĵλȴһƲƱƼһĺģлеĵλһˣǿϡ
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ˣ
лǼƷǹأǹ棬ǹβɿ˵Ĺһ㲻ͣĲţлǵ壬Ʈɣ
ʱڼžһƬ


653 һս
飡
лǵصҵ˵ϣʶķ˼£УѪˮͣĴӿֱ˻ԣ
ŵ߷ɿϣιҩȵȶһǳɣȻС̧Եл³
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ü䣬ħŻһֶĴ죬һԵɱش÷
ҶԵǺۣʱŻĳһɫѿһ˲䣬ǵĺסˡ
ǺۣĲսɫҲܲãеˣڿһĻ֮˶ˡ
һս˵ĲпᣬƲߵսȻ˿ֲ
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Կ϶ǣٽ죬лûٲμӱĿˡ
Ϊʲôص֣ҶҲס
ӵսߵƱǴ˴ιʤߣԣһлᣬȷ˶Էһߡ
һһ֮ڣлǶ޷սˣ˵ջˡ
ŵ߻ֲôƱġ
ЩҪģҪƲһͽΪһлǺ䵽˻ԣֶΣʵ̫ˡ
Ƽҿ±ǮȻǿƷӡȥڣˣһ䡣
ǺǣƼԸ⣬ôţôƼǣǸ𣿡ƼҵĶƳһ仰Ͷ˻ȥ
ƼΪƷӡԹ޴ƣǱƷҲΪ޴ǶƲʱҪҪСҪǶƲߣֱ䣡
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ڶŶսʮţ
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ģ˰ҶڣҲġ
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룡
ħ沢ûеıŭȻˮзȡ
ָ֣̣
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汳ħŻͬһʱֱһؼƺֻʣһĹ⻪
Ⲣֲġ
ֲħŻϵľŸͭһȥµײǴ̶ĶײֱԺԶսĵҶˣҲһǰδеķҵĸо
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654 ֲ׾
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Ӱֵɲǣػһڹ⣬˲Ϣ;ӸµͰ
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ƲߣΣ˭

Ҷһ仰ͽƱߵĻ͵վȴֱƲ߸ѹȥ
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𣿡Ҷ濴еıɽɽޱĵ˵ͷ
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Ʋߣ֪𣿡ɱⶸشҶϿ
ĵģҲҡ

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ȺӿƳҪƲĴָ
һΣǧ۲ûȰҶط̨κһǰ
ǧֻҶһ仰
侲ҪŭӰжϣ


668 
Ʋߣû̹Ҫر˵ĸûҲ⵽𣿡Ҷ澶ߵ̨Ʋ߰׵ĵطͣס
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ƱڣƲߵĸ׺ͨΪûͻƵƯҪǣƲ߳øƳĺ񣬸һ㶼
ԣһֱƱڶƵҥԣҲ˽ﴫ˭Ҳҵ˵Ͼ漰峤Ƴ˭˵
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̲ûȥǿʼֲɹɽɾڵķ
÷Ϊ͵ɾǷܵϮ
ĹҶѾ֪ɹɽɾܽȥģһΪķ󷨡
ǰɾ֮зɳǵ˶ŷӡ¼󷨵ͨԼͨƷ
仰˵˺Ҫ⼫Ʒ֮ɽǧƵͨſԽ롣
Ҷȴ֪ӦɾڴڵڵԵʣڹϻʤҲǶռ⼫Ʒߴڵ⼫Ʒ
ҶЩ棬ߵλڸ䶼׶ʲôԼ
еڣûãͲһ׼Ĺһ󷨣ûãһɱڵĸϵȻӹ˷
ˣҶһٴ̤˽ǧ۵̹ת̡
뿪ʱҶ涢һԽԽԶɹɽͻظ˺ͫӰӡ
᲻뿪⼫ƷΪʲôܾأ
ҶĸоУͫһһ㡣
ûϢҶͽͷǿѹȥʼ˼һιʧ
ջǱҶҪöࡣ
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˵ƷƴƷˡ
Щϵջ֮⣬Ҷ滹һջ񣬾ǻԵɺ֮£ԦųһڵǸɫƬ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣҶջ
ǸɫƬҶͿһٰСèס
һ˵СèףҪԦŵѪԦŵѪѾʧ
һٲûн˵˵ѾҵһЩйѪ
ҶãӦòһٵĵθڣӦ˵СèͻͲ
һ·˼⣬ûãҶ˼ƽϡ
ĿǰСèͻƽҶĵһҪ
ʱ죬صʱ졣
̹䵽̵㳡ǰʱ̽ǧ۵ĴЦ쳹
ţ޹ģҪ͹


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ٴһȵģں¡ͳ³ˡͳŵˣÿڵĸаֽµķΡ
վģǷεǣε»Ȼûеιмλǡǰְĸÿڵǣֵⲿͳ죬µڵλ̴ʹߣǷΡ
ģǷε࣬һ߰ʮˡ
ų·εߣ˾ۼ̵֮ڡ
࣬ȴѻȸ
ңӦһڲ͹ᣬʱȴ쳣
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ҶĶһΣǳ׵ıҪѹȥˣδ궼ˡ
λض֪Ϣˣ챾޹ľڵԭ򣬾Ҫ󽱹ͻأǧۿˣ
˵ĿˢؾͿһŵҶ桢ǺӡˣҲҶͶЦһƳ
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֮⣬ش͸Ҷ桢Ǻӡ˽̳ĻᣡУҶÿԽ̳ΣǺÿԽ̳ΣÿԽ̳һΣ
̵ĸ߲Ѿؽ׵ˣ˵𾪵ľˡ˴ʱܵȨѾӽ̵߲ˡ
̳򰡣֮ڣʸģ㲻ᳬʮɣ
ʸ̲ǽʮУÿ̲ĻᶼᳬΣ
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˵ʵĽҶ桢Ǻӻۣǳˡ
Щǽǰŵʱһһʵ֡
Ҷ滹ǺӣֻۣڵȴŽǧۼ
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Ϊڽؾ֮ǰǧۻ֣صĸŵһش󽱣


673 ѡͨ似
⣬Ҷ桢Ǻӡ˶ľ޴ףǿԲμġҲǱ֮ǰŵµش󽱣

Ҷ桢Ǻӡͬʱסˣǰ߽Ƕ֪ʲôش󽱣ȴһͷˮ
μӡ
ʲôʲôô
Ҷǣʱڵ̵ĸ߲㣬ۣһãȻɻȻҲǵһۡ
ܶ·ε̸߲㣬ҲãȻģ
ֻշε̸߲ǣһһ𾪵ı飬ƺܾȽľƷ׵ںҲһľ㵣Ȼ֪¡
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Ҳμǲǡˣ׵ģһϵô˶һ
̳ϣǱǲμӹʱµŵԣңֻʱ˶ѣң࿿Ǹǧ˵
ᡮޡһͻأֵٴγţҶûԴ
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λˣΪߣߣֻ߽ҪһΪ̣Իؽ
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⣬ǵѪ֮Уϰߣӵ֮ȫǵ״ÿһһ㱨һΣ󣡡ǧ
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Ҷ桢Ǻӡ˵ýأǰ;ԭˣҲЦΧϣҪһơ
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ִɬìܻ壬һڲͬĶʣˣһ۾Ųۡ

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뿪̳ؾоڵı仯Ҷ棬ͻرסˡ
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ӦúܴɣҶЩС
ֻҪõ飬ܹˣԼһͨ似
ͨɱĽȻĴ󣬵ֻôһУսʱԵЩˡԪƿɹأɹҶĽӵĿ졣
Ҷڴ飬΢΢һ٣˵
ôҶɫһ䣿
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ѵһһУпܱͷ츳ͨԶ
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ڣ̰ŵȻǿԣһķĽ龧ҩڼƷĸ߼С
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Ҷ뿪Ӱ۾гһߣ۷Уȫ䣡
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Ҷ棬λúˡҶ漱æӭϡ
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һ·ϣԵ⼸һһֻҪҶ۾ǵģӵҲÿ졣
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ȻרҰɱԽߣҲ˼Щ˵ߣҶһˣжԶܶԶ
һ·ϣҶ֮⣬ǽڹ۲죬֪طӡ֮ı仯
ɹ۲һ·Ҳû۲ʲô
ȻҶֻ۲죬йϵ
ֻܵȵõ֮ˡ
һ·ϣβÿϢʱ⣬һֱڷУԼʮң˵гһںɽʱ򣬺еķٴ֣βٶ͵
ɽˣӰɽӦþɽ֮ڣ˵ţִһ⣡


682 ϳ
Եķɳûãһ߾ʹӺɽ֮гתۼԵ˻һ
ôôòŵһˣҶҰˣһŭ⡣
ҲȷʵǱģۺ壬ͷ͸һ㣬ɢһŵȳζǸղ߼䶯죬էһΪһؤء
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һֱںɽżһ£һµʱڣֹֻΣÿͣʱ䶼ᳬϢ
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ԣҶһ˾Ȼһˣ·Ϸ˰µʱѣ
Ҷͷɵһ
˿һ£ؤĵ˵ͷ˲ϢԶȥ
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㣬Ӱɽ޵ʳ֮һ֭ҺڸζӰɽ޲׷ǣ
񣬻ȥ֮ݼ趼ȥζ˲
ٺ٣ģҲģΪӰӵķһһЦһĨ֭Һ

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ҶҲѧ֭Һζܹܣ̫š
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Ҷ֪Ӱɽ޴ġ
ӰɽΪϵޣɽ׾٣ϲϲɣη⣬ϲڵصӴͨ˴Թһ㡣
ͬʱӰɽ޵սǿȻƷޣֻҪӴ棬Ʒ޶޷սʤ
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685 ֵ
ҶӰɽͷɲǣӰɽǰľѪ̺֮ڵɱɷµĸָˮһ㾭Ҷģڡ
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䣡
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ǰطӡĵؿռӡƺӵĺء
űڹ⻪һԵľѪ֮ʼһţӰɽľ顣
۾ƺֻҪһֻԴƵģľѪ֮һԣȻ֮󣬻Ϊ͵Ҷڡ
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ڴͬʱҶٴα
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˼УҶʩչݣصʮֻӰɽʬĵطһһȡʣ¾ֻӰɽڵޡ
ÿһ޶ճ飬Ƿǳġ
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İɣﶼݳˣʱڣӰɽֻѡطؽѣǾԲˣ˵ڶڸ壬ʲô紵ݶϾ֪
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ݣ
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ӰӷʿҶ棬˿еѾ޷ˡ
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һٵΪʮλӣΪһ㣬ǴӶһֻƷͣսҲǼΪǿġ
ǿսһ룬һٶһҶãһȥĵطӦúΣա
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ǸǺҶõѪĻһ˵
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ʶ˱﷽ʽĴһٽԴͷͷβҶ潲һ顣
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ԦŵʷΪƾãһٵ˵ǧ꣬ʢʱԦưԹм¼ļأԦڰ˰ǰһٶİ
ʱҲԦʢʱһԦţХ죬֮Ϊ۲ŴԵ
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ﱻԦų֮Ϊ֮ص޹ȣ
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ֱʮǰһżȻ⣬޹ȣһٲͻԵĽչ


698 ٴΰ
ϾˣϷʮǰֵ޹ڵأҲ˼й޹ȵϢ˵»һطӵѪôط޹ˣ˵ţһٳ̾һ
ʮϷ̽޹ΣŶ롣һΣΪ㽻ףҲΪϷ򷢳ͣϷð̽޹ȣȻջ񣬵µҲʧأһ˵һٻ˼ᣡ
ΪʲôһҪҶҪΪҶֻС͵ͨ޹ȵһؼؿ
˵һٵĿһҶһҶһж̽޹ȵ飬ϷҲֻܷˡ
ȻԲв
Ҷ仯һٿٵĽһ䣬ҶҪᣬǸؿǰϷͽܣûд򿪣Ϸ۲죬СָӵõӦֵ޴ǸؿӦñȽס
ҪҶԸϷֻȥѰһͼСȥȳɳٴγԴ޹ȣ
Ҷе鱨ҪϷҲֻܵˣٵȸʮ꣬Ϸǵȵġ
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δʮ꣬ҶΪܻͻͽСèֻԭ̤Ҫʮ꣬ҶƣСèᷢġ
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޹ȣǿԦŵĸ֮أֻҪɹ޹ȣ˵ƾսһԦų
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ߣΣɱ֮һҪġ

СèҶµɽΧڸ߿УǿĿһռؼķַӳ˵֮С
ĿһɨҶµУͬʱ֮ɫ
ΪһɨȥȻûпַľͷ
ڸ߿հǿĿӸԲķΧûκε⣬ȴͷ
˻ǧɣģŸ䶼˰ɣϢ֮󣬴һȦַ֮Ҷͬʱһ
䶼ô󣬲˼ʮССܿɡ
ԦŵĲַȻ䶼СĲ˶٣ǰԦŵжǿǧǰԦʢʱ򣬵жǿ󣿡̾
ǰôţȻ˵ͱˡҶҲЩ
ûҲϷһֱΪ֮ܶĿ꣡Ϸһֱ֪˭ôǿԦһҹ֮価ɱһڣԦųһٵ
Ҷлλܹ¡
ϣ
ҶͬʱתͿһٴĴԾӭ
Ӧһİ֡
ʱҶͬʱˡ



701 
ٶ˵УȻֲ֪߳ܵļһ
Ҷ濴ǽߵͬʱǽҲҶţһţʱ˶
£ҶҲ̲סˡ
϶һٶĳԲѷݹҲŭ߳һҶǣɱӿߡ
ҶѾֺݺݵĽѵһļһ
ѵңƾһصΪҲϷǰڳԡ
¡¡
ںڵ׹ҶķɳֱӴӽͷ£Ϊߴأ⧲֮£жϣҲ̲סҵĲ
⻪һɲǣһپ;
Ҫ
ҶҪ
һʱ䣬һ٣Ƿ£һ˫ֵֶеߣҲԲ۾
Ϊڹ⻪һɲǣҶѾͬһ˽ߵıһ˸ָѾ㵽Բ̫ҪѨ
ûпҶĶҶ淽ŵٶʵ̫ˣֱ쵽˼㡣
һΧڣشӳ֮£Ҷٶȼ޵еġ
ֻҪҶһ£˲Ϣ߱
Ҷлú˵𡭡𡭡һٺôҲ벻ˣոյҪɱ
ңȥΪ͵Ҷ棬ȻһоסΪߴصĽߡ
ȻҶ͵Ϯ֮ӣǣһλص£Ҳܽһλ۷͵Ϯɹ
Ҷȴˡ
һΣһٷ֣Ҷܱеĸǿ
һԣֶежţҶ棬
ҶûȴǰҶࡣ
϶һԣҶָҪѨŭ߳ߣˮ絽ˡ
ߵɫѾ࣬ͷ·¶ƤΪ׵ĺýޱȣ˱Ǳޱȡ
ȻǰţȣߴʱҲҴҶùͷ
ĸоҶɱ⣬ָо꣬ĻɱӲޱȡ
СӣɱϷ򣬲ȻϷһҧгݵĺȵ
ôһѣҽǵɱ㲻ɣȻ鷳ߣ
ͣ
ҶָһСأĴ̽˽ߵ̫ҪѨѪʱ£ߵɫһף
ס֣
һŭӭģȴǷǰޱȵϢ
Ҷס֣ס֣ɱǿɾͽ޹ˣ
ҶҪǻõѪ;Բɱż֮£һֱӺ
Ϊʲô
һصĲҪ϶ѣûҲɱȥҶ治ţ
ǣ󷨰û˭ҲƲ޹ڵĻȴӱӰһټ
ӱʲô
ӱӣ˳ӵ󷨴ʦӣҶԵķȴǴһ
ߣСѾͷƬӻеʶҶָҪѨıʱɪʶģϷš
ûɪ꣬Ӿͷһʹƺߣɫرò԰ޱȣҶָٴһָͣѾ磬һ㣬Ҫ̫ҪѨԺ֮Уһ֮
𣡡һټˡ
СӣҪǸҶְë˵أŭ
ⲻѾ𣿡Ҷһӵһüëʱɡ
㡭
𣬵ô°Ӧǵһμ棬ôһҲһԴĴͽԾѾɵˡ
ԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬô£˵һȰ
Ҷ浱±Ľ˼䣬꣬һٻǶߣЦ
Ҷ£ϱⱲӣƢˣҲһˣ㵣һһ֪ôˡ
ĳƢƾʲôǵѵΪճ˼ꣿ
һΣΣһ̣϶ԸɹȥôԶˣ˻ǣãˣգ
һ棬ֿڳԣһûе϶ֵޣ
ݺݵһڣߵҲЩ죬ӵĲͦùģݻٲ˵ˣֻҪҶָٶһ£͵군ˡ
ҶϷˣΪѪҲôʱˣϱߣôƢһٿЦ
ҶӰĮϱҵĺѣһŵ˵ĳ죬Ҷǣ
ﶼ󱦣ȱһܵ󱦹ܴɣҶ˼Ƚ޹֮󣬵һѡʱҶѡѡһΣ˵ţӰĮһ١
û⣬û⣡һûӵĴӦ
ƾʲôŭȣû˵꣬ͱӰĮ˻ȥ
һԣקקҶ䣬仰Ȼɶһ㣬ҲɱˡʵǷǳġ
ðɣһΣһһٸҳԲѷС
ҶһָһգС˿
ոսвʱˣһҶ֣ڳǰȴӰĮסһҲӱǰ
һȰ˵ϰ죬ϴ˶ֵĴ㡣
СӣϷˣպ߽ССӳҶһ䡣
𣬿һʱһڵһ˲նȥԴҶɭȻޱȵ˵
Ҷղŷӣʵǳڶ෽Ŀǡ
һǷµȰ⣬ߣҪΪСèǡ
ɱӣ޹ȵ󷨿϶ƽ⣬ɱӣǸӰĮ϶ǻƴһƴһε޹Ⱦ޷ˡ
СèôõĻᣬǾҪ˷ˣҶȵСèȲ
ؿ֮£Ҷŷһ
ҪȻҶȻһպȥ
һΣûĻᣡ
ԣ
ӰĮһټƲԣҶӱεĸԷͻһȰ
һҪ״̬ܴ޹ȣǲɵġ
ٶȫû֮󣬱Ȱòıӿʵҿɲ뽫ʱ˷ڵ֮ϡ
ˣˣѾ·ˣаʱ͵ˣһ¸ոյһѶһ˵
Ǿͺã
ӰĮ˵ͷˣ˭
һ˳ưٶ˵ˮǣһ˵
ˮǣǸǰʲôٶˮǵ֣ӰĮЩš
֣޹ڶأûһöĸ֣ǽȥһΣҵһڶСһٿЦ
Ҳǡ
ޣ쿴ˣͻأһָ߷˵˵ĿʱͿ˹ȥ
ĽӽԽԽ
һŸɫɫȹͷֳֹȵԶԶһһɭɭϢ
һģһɫȹҡҷŮŮɲǣҶ涸ʧһ
ͫ
ôˣ


702 鴫ɽ
Сٶ˹ϵһɣСҲǺܺʵģʵҲǶԦһΪ֮ˣҶһϷϣǻǼġ
ҶľһЦеĽһ䡣
һ˵һЦӭ˰ٶˮͫ
һĻҶȴһһͷͷ񱼶ĸо
ʲôʲô
Ԧŵģʮа˾žν
ڣȴδˣһȥ̽Ԧŵĸ֮޹ȡ
ҶͻȻãԦŵһθˣҪˡ
ͫĳ֣Բһͷ
Ҷţͫĳ֣Բɺϡ
ͬϴκͫһٵϣҶСèβϣҶؾ
һУһļƻ
ҶãһΣͬҲǣ
Ǹڻ᲻أҶЩš
һˣҶһֵͷߵĳ嶯ǸΪڵϹ٣Щˣûһܹ뿪
λڳĿԣӦò󣡡Ҷ涨˶ʱжϡ
ҶƣҪ˸ŵĻʮа˾ŻֻҶ治֪λ
ͨ˲ʹ߶£ҶĿӥһɨ˷Եķ¾Ȳѣ֪Ҷôˡ
ɨһȦ޴ڵ֮ȥ˶ʮҲûзκصӰ
ϢҶջ
Ǻͫ˸λڻ϶Ҷ淢֡
ûκηֵ½Ҷʹ뿪Ҷġ
СèͻƵΨһϣ򲻵һҶԲԸ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷãзһ
źͫĵбΣ֣أδʱЩã
£ҪȻء
Ϊ𣿡Ƴһ۸ոصĺͫǵ⣬ֵ⣬ǿһ㡣
ôܣҶЦͻȻôзǳΣգ㡭
Ҳߣ
ΣҪߣʲô˼Ϊҷ̰֮𣿿ңˣģ
һߣ룡˵ն
״£ҶֻܿЦҶҲΪж
Ȼû˵ǣѾҶ̬ͬȡ
Ҷּˣصĺͫк
Сʲôʱ뿪ģҶʵĺģҲģǺͫȴ֪ҶʲôҶʲôʱ뿪ɾġ
뿪ûãҲ˳ͫĻشҲģһͷˮΪֻ˵ĳκ֮̽ģҶȴˣҲһ
ͫĻش˵ͫΪҶĿǰʲô֪֪ѾĴ
Ҷ˵ǰȫġ
ͬʱִҲ׵Ĳ޹֮£ҪҶλȡˡ
һҪõѪҶ氵¶ġ
һԣһѾʼˡ
λӱӱߴʦҪˣ

λᰵҶҶͼ죬ĹؿҪͰæ

λǰٶˮˣжýⶾҲʹ棬޹ڶأʱⷽҪˡ
ò˵һٵİźȫ档
һټ򵥵Ľ޹ȡ
޹Ԧŵĸ֮أԦʧĵ伮ŵԴɫĵرصĸ
ԦŵĽأߵķʩǧǰԦǿʢʱۺԴ޽
Խ޹ȴҪ̳֮еӡܽ룬ǰǰŵĲӡҲ֮ʧ
ڣľǴ޹ȵһս޹ģȡеıء
ջ񣬳һڳ˵˽Լ֮⣬ÿ˶лѡȡһ
һ·ϵջ˭бõ˭ˡ
⣬һ·ϣΣ֣λðѷıóСˣһһ䣡
ˣٶûΣյ飬Ϸ򲻸أ޹·Ӵߴһ䣬ͷüëѾ裬ֻǴʱһüһûУȥĻ
ã
ӦţһȴжһͭĿдʡ
Ϣ֮һ͵ۡ
ʱʱ̣Լʱ֮Ҳδʱ֮ʣ޹Ӧûڡһ͵һָȺɽ򣬡Լǧ
޹ȻƶģҶһ䡣
û޹ȵƷݡļʱı仯ͣı仯λϷҲżֹһΣֿʮ꣬ˣŷѰڵķһ˵
λ
һͻһӥণһֻƷĺӥظ£䵽һٵǰ
ƷĺӥӦþһٵ֮һ
ҶţһԦŵĳϣͿ϶ֻһ
һٿϺӥǰд·Ҳ׷Լϡ
ֵһ˵ǣӰ۷ĮûˣͫȴǹһϵԵΪܡ
ǵͫǰǴϣֻƷΪڣ¶ϢȴƷ
׼ȷ˵ҶĸӦУϢѾЩԽƷӽ޵ĸоˡ
ڴ֮ڣһֻƷ޵ʵ˴Ҳֻܹˡ
Ϻסȫǰо綾ٻΣְٻΣǿһڣʱͷĿѣϸڣòһʱ̣ͻữɰ׹ǣٶˮǵʾͻ
ҶͬʱһݣסڱǺɲǣʱ͸ͬʱһ㱡ҲסСèȫ
Ϣ֮ǰ׵Ʋʣرụ̂ӳ£ʮɫƯ쳣
ƯȴǳĿֲ
ҲҶһ˴ʱһֻβƷβħ˰ٻΣǽɲǣͷһҵĽֹס׹ȥ
ĿǼǿǺβħ׹ĹУѾ¶˿˿׹ǡ
Ȼޱȣ
ɽȷʵ鴫
УеĻҪΣգ˲Ϣ䣬˶ٶȣСĹ۲ǰ
Сʱ֮󣬰˾ۼһ۲ʮɷԲȪΧ
ٶȪ޹ȵڣȪˮһĲš
ʵϣҪȥҲţңвһӣȪˮͻƾʧһ˵
һԣҶüͷȴ
Ȫˮȷʵޱȹ죬Ȼ޷롣
ˣΧ֮ڵҲ޷ţΧ֮Ҷĸš
ʮа˾ػһһ󷨣󷨣ѹ֮ܽõܱߵԪϡ
ǰ󷨣ȴԣ
λʱ䲻ˣλҵȽ뿪·˵ţһֱԾȪۡ
ǣˮûмһ䣬һٵξʹʧ
һۻ˼ıӡĮˮǵˣҶͻ˷µ֣ߣһ
˵䣬һͬʱԾȪʧ
һԣͫĿһУֵȴҶֵһĻ


703 Ӷѣ
ǰӰãɫ·ͲһҶǰһﻨȵɽȾͳҶµǰ
ţӱӡӰĮֳֹȵˮǡҡҷĺͫγɽȿڡ
޹ȹȻ棬ڣͬڣޱȣϷһˣӱ̾
ٶ㲻˵ϴѾ촳𣿿·ɣͷǺÿʼɻӰĮߴһ䡣
һȴǿЦ޹ȵĻȴڲͣı任ÿһν󷨻ضʱ仯
һΣϷǻ˹ȥģս߸Щӣÿֻͣȫս
˵ţһٿӱӣ֣ǰ޹ȵĵһػȴ󣬿ˣ
ţϷ󣡡ӱһ˵һǰ̤̤ɲǣ鶸һ䡣
ڴͬʱٶˮͻس˳ӣڲԶ
һӰĮɫһ䣬ǰͽӱӸ˻
ʲô
˵ԶӰĮһ䡣
ԶһΪӵĻˣϷ򷽲ءһĲš
Ǽһɼ䵭ζǲǸоܾ񣬷ǳĽ޹ȣٶ̽޹ȡ
ˮȣֿһ٣ϣһǴʱǲЩرУر¸ң²η
ӱһһٵȴþޱȣô֪ģ
ҵЩƽﲻôһ죬ȴ¸ޱȣΪϷ»ءһٵ˵ԽͣɫԽ˵Խѿ
һ滨¶ɢһּ䵭ŵζζ˾УԿƣͣ˾ٱһ˱üȿܡ
ǿͻʱϼ¶ڼǿЧ
ǣһͻڲ֪пܵơ
ЧǺöΣķɱĵطȴɱ˵
ˮ˵꣬ӱӵɫͱѿޱȣǰͨٿԼָ
һɲǣһֲһ̤ǰĳͻ
ˡ״һôĿǿˮǡ
شˮзɳһ١ĮӡҶ桢¡Ծһһһ
ƵĽ裬ɽΣֻҪʮΣͿɽԾʱڱǼһھͿԡˮ˵
ˮô˵ӱʱҩ˼ڣ˵Ҳ֣ҩζĳ£е뷳Ȼʧˡ
Ϊ˰ȫҶҲ˼£һһ˲ܹζش̱ǵζ
ʱϢӰǵĶΣµġ
һʱ䣬˿ٶˮǵͲһˣҪûڣϢУ˾˵
дǰ֮ӱٴ̤ǰʱĻ׾͸˳ס˿ڱǺתΪϢ̤˻Ŀ
Լʱ֮ӱӶ˻أһ֮ɫ
ߴʦ󷨿һټ
ٶһΣҶˣѾѾʧʱطԻ󣬻ˣֻ޲ߡ
ǡɣϷʦŵĴмйʱطԻҪ㣬ҪȻȱϷ򣬶ʱҲҲ󷽷һ԰
Ǿ̱ߴʦˣһЦŹάţһӦ˵ģһԵˮǡͫҶ桢°ԾУҲһ˿֮ɫ
ʱطһѣֻҪǸϷĲȴûκ⡣˵
⣬ʱطԻȻ󣬵Ҳɱ˭Ҫв̤ɱϷ򣡡
Ѷÿ˸һʱгֻӻҪܣֻܰҵķѶ߱ǣӽ˼䡣
棬λֱ߲˵꣬Ӿǰ̤Ȼͻʧ֮УӰĮ롣
ҶʱѾˣӰĮӦó䵱ű󷨴ʦĻʱ
ȻˮͫҶ£ľһԾˡ
ǰ̤ʾɲǣһƬããʱؼƺ˻һƬХɳʯ
˵ǣİгŻޱȵɵһɹ籩һ鵶ײγɣȻҶµϣ˵Ļ˸ѡ
˷ĿУҪҶ½ʱǣ֣Ѿɢˡ
󷨣ǿֲλߣ±Ҷһ̤λȻٵֱ߲
˲ͷƽ˾Χðޱȣ硢з·һɲǼʧһ㡣
ձߵĻе㱾𣿡ҶЩȡ
ֹЩ£ϵ裬ڣҲŵϺŵġ

»û˵̺꣬ſֲСڷٵγɣҶµɫͬʱһ䡣
Ҳһɲǣһ
뿲λ岽Ȼֱʮ˲
Ѷһ淽λٴҶããһƬȥŲǰУÿζܱܿΣա
ǣÿγʱ䶼һѶǳļʱ
£Ӧõ󷨵ˣѶӦþͿͨˡҶ˵
ţСЩĵ籩Ҫȸոսĵط籩ǿֹ˵
ݣ
һ޴к׵ĴҶ£ݺݵڷµı÷µĻ׶Ҳ
һϵߵȫһˡµɫΪ֮һ䡣
ݣ
һֱӺҶԺҶ漱æάֻ׵ͬʱɫȴǱЩѿ
ѶΪʲô
ǰѶļʮϢᶼʮϢˣ
ܳ⣬Եһ£µɫҲò̫ÿ
϶϶ûģСģͻأҶ澪һһ޴ɫӡظ֣بһֲǰ
ۣ
Ԫǰֱ顣
һɲǣһʮ籩ɵСϣ˲ϢԪɢ
һɲǣҶͬʱ籩ԽԽܼ
Ǳ뿪ٲߣܾͻᱻ籩˺Ƭ̶ֳȵܼ£Ǽֲ˶ãҶͺһ
ߣҪˣ׵ˣյѶҲûˣһߣǾͳ׵˴󣡡˵
ȷѶԱϹƷԣ࣬ҶǿӲһקµ֣ʱ뿪һԽԽֲ籩֮С
˵Ҳ죬Ҷ뿪֮ԽԽֲ籩Ȼʹɢȥˡ
һ֮󣬴һˣӰĮͬʱ̤ʱطԻǰɢȡﻨɽٴγǰ
ֻӰĮһɣӱȴһ˿Ц⡣
ܿģٶˮҡҷĺͫҲ̤˴ͬʱһȻĹвɡ
ֹʮϢһԾҲЩǱ̤˴ԾһԵ˿ڡ
̤ɲǣһپһ¡
Ҷأûǰģ
Ҷǰ棿ΪʲôûͫһĿͶӱӡ
ֹǺͫˮǡԾһ˵Ŀͬʱӱӡ
ǿϷʲôѶϷһûٵķǡӱӲ
ô£
һһżŸոմأˣǺߵĹؿһһΣգˣ𼸴Ρ
ߴʦҪͷȥҿ
һٴЦ̽޹ȣһߣЩ飬þеͣ
ȥǣϷвⷴ󷨵ΣգǱȴǰͨΣֱӾܾ
Ƕˣû߰£ͫһɻűӣߴʦҪۡ
ƾʲô
ȺͫĻ˵꣬Ӿ
˴ƾʲôҪϷðգ
ΪʲôߣϷ֪һԭ򣡡ͻ˵
ޣʲôԭ򣿡ͫ׷ʵͬʱ˵Ŀͬʱ˹ȥ
Ϸƣ϶һԲ֪ܵļһڹʱ̲סǲ֪֮£ϷѶλʱ
޳ܣ
ϹȻڸ
ӵĻû˵꣬һһŮŭʹд˳ͬʱҶ¾ͬʱ̤󷨣˵ǰ
ĨҶµıӣһ۾͵һɣ¶һ˼ģ
뷨УҶӦñУôܳ
ôܡȵľȵ˵һ룬ʶʲôͻشס
ôܻųǰɣϹǰɣҶʱǣɱ쭣
ͬʱӰĮͼ侯Ļ˱ǰһԾͬʱҶм䡣
Ҷлú˵м䣬ʲôᣡһ˵һһһְҶ档
᣿ֻҷŷѶҿԵᣬҲϡȻö֮ĸˮǶˣ⻹᣿
Ϲ˵Σķң湻ḻİҶЦ
ԣٶˮǵɫһӣֻѶ־һ飬㾹ȻҿӶѣ


704 ·
ôܣұ߽ô꣬ôػ֪ģ԰ٶˮǵʣȻһڷϡ
ΪʲôУ
ⲻǳ𣿡ӱһĲԺ
ҪյķѶӦ֮ǰֵģڣٶˮʡ
˭֪أ߸ʲô˵ġӵĻ˵ֻ˵һ룬ͱˮǼ䲻Ƶƻȥˡ
ǰٶˮǣһ١ͫԾ˿ӵĿҲò
֮У籩ĸż󣬻ǷϢ籩ˣǷѶǡɾ籩ûյѶԭ򡣡
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ҶϹЦҪ˲Źˡ
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ܷɣӦýӽǵشˣֻܸ߷ɰңԳһ£һ˵
Ҷ波ԣһĸӦҶ֪һ˵ġ
ҶĿٴοһ٣ڵʱһй⻪һʹӴָȡһ׼õľ޴ʬ壬Ͽա
Ҷ濪ڣһҲ֪Ҷʵʲô
ܲܵͿշɹȥ
˻
޴ʬɹȥɲǣ˵һ
ͫ̽ˮݡˮ޴ǣˮ˼
ʬӹϿյһɲǣо̽ɫˮݣָˮ޴ǣǯǵȵȡ
ʬ屻ק棬ǰ׼ʬͱɭɭ׹ǡ
һǱˮ޿еģһǱһЩˮĶҺʴġ
˭ͨһٿЦ
ܼĹ˵ǣǿ۷ߣҲ޷˳ĴϿշɹȥ
ȷʵΪػ޹ȵոˮ̾һ
ʵҲ̫ѣҵһߺߵʬ壬ۣܾͨˡĮһ䡣
ûô򵥣Ʒĺߵѹһѹƣ촬ʱ϶ֶΡˮһҡͷһ̾¿ãҪȥǿҲ군
˵˵ɣΪʲôֻҶа취ͨ
һ˵ĿⶼҶ档
£λ֪Ҫ˳ֻͨܽӶ԰ŪȻǹȥһٽ
£û취ŪģΪ˭Ҳ޷ͨϿշɵ档
ǣڵ޵ĵⲢǿԽСޣԽ
Ϸ֪ҶӵоɢԸܺõαװ
ҪǣҶֻıͣϷһԹֻҪ峤Сһ׵ޣＸǲġ
ݳСʮ׵ޣĹҲ١
УҶǴСѪģΪͨ飡ܵҶָӣȻǼԦ۹
ô˵ҶͨΨһϣһ˵
һɲǼ䣬ڳ˵ĿⶼҶ棬Ҷޱȣ
ΪҶʲô


708 ս
Ҷ㿴Ϸ׼һֻʮ״Сʬ壡
ò˵Ϊ˵Ҷ棬һٵ׼Ϊ֣˵ţһ͵һǣþȫĽʬƽ˳ȥ
ƿϷ˼Ķڷɳ֮󣬲һִˮ̽͵ؽǾʬ
ˮ׵ʱ򣬸ˮݡǾʬ幥һֻ;޴ޱȵĳݵĹ㶸شܳˮ棬һھͽʮ״Сʬˡ
ţһֱַȡ״Сʬ塢һ״Сʬִӳȥ
״С޷г֮߰󣬱ʮˮ䣬䵽ˮУ˲ʧ
һֻһ״Сʬ壬ƽеķɳ˶ʮƽ֮ǰûܵκˮĹ
ֱƽˮ棬ˮ滹׵ľ֮󣬱һ޴ĴֱӲסȻ󼷱⽴
һһӳֻһµʬ壬㶼ˡ
ҶԷ˰ɣϷۿƺӵ죬ܹĻ;СһסһٶҶĻﾫ˸Ц⡣
ȻȻҶ޹ʱСè뻳ʱܣһٻǷҶܡ
ҶǰСķȲ̫󣬲ֻҪˣܿһߡ
һģӵûκûʢѪû˵ɢеϢˡ
һǻʢľѪϢеϢ
ҶЩţң̫Զˣ
ĿȸߴôԶľ룬·ˮ֪࣬ͻ᲻ʲô⣿ңСèѪģ꽻Χ˲ᳬ
һҲָӾͷǳޣˣֻܸӦĴڣƶˣѹû취ָӣ
֪ΪΣԶʱҶһļµĸоСèȥ֮󣬾ʹʧ
Ҷ˵ģһٴεҶָ飬ʵϷ顣
ǵôǰϷǳòμʸѡηС㶼ǲߡ
вߵͶҪȡһˮ⿼޵̶ͨȡ
ֻͨޣͨ
ҶԣϷƽ֮
˵ʵ˵ƷޣϷļֻпܻΪεޣҲ硣
ⲻǴϷʮ£ÿһؾѡηʽѡ쳣ޡ
Ϸʮѡİͷ޵ǿģǰϷһֻΪͨèǰЬ䣡
ɣ򣬾ûܹˡ
˵ţһپĿȵĿҶ棬Ҷ
ΪԪʱңһ·ɳڣĴڣҵֵûʲô
ҶĿЩԶм䣬ȴ͸żֲðյ˼һٵɫһ䣬Ҳ¶˾ġ
һɲǣһٵ鶸رޱȣҶûϷ޴һӽ
ָ飬Ϸţֵֻһ㿴
ǣû
ҶŶʮɣΪѾߴһغڣҶ뱳̵֧֣ҶΪﵽ۷ɰɣ
ٴͻƳΪ߶пܡ
ֵأ
ҶΪͻƣΪڵؽƷ۷壬һ˿ͻƵĿܡ
ҶպΨһģǰһʱ򣬼ʮҶ㻹һֵ𣿡
죡
Ҷͷ͵һһٱһ˫ĿޱȵĶ˹ȥһȴ̹ȻޱȵĻؾҶ档
ΪͻƣҲ쵱ǡ
𣡡
һޱȵĻХشҶĻ𣬺վҶԦŴԾһ
һҶȴХЩХеСèĻβë
Ҷ̫СèҪ˼
ЦݽĸһٵգһɲǣһٳҶ˴Ĵָ
ҶȻܹ˵ʲôԣ½У
ʲô
ҶȻܹ˵ͫٶˮȻ𾪣
ȻҪȻôᷢһХһЦúܿģȻϷ޴һӽХ˼ȴܴϵĲ²
Ҷǲս
ʱ˵ĿⶼҶϣ׼ȷ˵ҶظǴ΢΢͹֮¡
Ҷ鸴ӵĵͷ˵û
Ҷ뷨أʱһٷҶˡ
Ҷ涸һ˵Сè˳κ⣬һ᳹׵Ļ޹ȣе飡
һٵȻޱȣ֪仰Ҷ沢ڿЦЦҶǵеκһˣƽ
ݣ
أһ̴ٵͻأضҶͷ̫ˣٶҶ濴Ҳ̫ˡ
ҶֻһԴͱܹĺ
˻ͷȥɲǣӰĮѾϲı˹ȥϱߣˣ̫ˣˣͿԴ߶ӿˣ
ɱ
ɱҶ˵
Įɱ˵Һģɱոʧȥȵһֻ۷·һ׮һҶ˻Ŀ⣬Թ˼㡣
ӰĮ쳣ʱ˭ҶҶ棿
ңƾǰҶֳʵҪɱҶ棬ѡ
ĮȰϱߣѾǿߣֻҪΪڣҵ֫鵤ǿԻָġ
ҶȴǱޱȣĿⶢűӣ׹˸ձߵģǵһΣҲһΣ
Ҫ͵Ϯңɱҳ׵Ľɱ
Įæ˱ǰҶϱֻͻ䣬ȣ£
ҲڿЦ
һҶתĬĬĹ۲
ٶˮߵ˱ӵǰߴʦǺͬ飡һУһɵģ㵱Ҷ仰ͨҲ˶ѣ
ĮΪʲôúõģΪҶĴߴ٣
һν޹ȣǶԴģԸ⿴κƻһ̽޹ȵж
һŹ
ˮǵָӵָ˲ޱȣһɲǵĹһָȻ˰·ɫʾˮǼȾտֲޱȵĶĮĿȻ
ʲôʱͨʱѣȫվںߵҶʵ
һٴϲҹΣգȫϳáˮ޵ϰԲ࣬඼ҹʳǱ
ã
Ӧ䣬Ҷд˵ǣľ룬һأСèܷȫ


709 
Сèסٶȷһ㣬ȫϢԲԴ⣡
ǰֻаƴСëѩżƵСèƮǰҶĽ˳ӵĵ˵ͷǿɰģ԰ȷˡ
ͫµĿǽϲԸ뿪޲ñڻ︧һ
ʱܹСƴС飬ҶûҪˡ
ȥɣ
ҶһͺȣСèѾöСޱȵһȣסСèȫ
˲䣬ʧǰֻʣһƮȻһƮͽͷ˾׸ߴİȥ
һɲǣҶ͵ᵽɤۡ
ȻһüΣǣǲһģܶޣǲмһ˵ģЩʱװѡ
Ҷ߶˼£ʱ׼ԮСè
Ҷ棬˵ҲΪţһ٣ҲĿתĶƮɹȥ
ҲһƮȥŴĲͬ
һƮˮϿյʱ˵Ķᵽɤۡ

Ϣڳ˶һ¸ͫЩŵĸ˸ؿڡ
СèڵѾƮϿһ࣬ɰȫ
Ҷļ尾ûнǿʼѡ
ӿһٶȡҶָӵΣյľ£ٶǹƾյΣա
Ҷָ£СèٶάһΪмĳ̶ȡ
Ǻܿ죬ֻƽʱٶȵʮ֮һٶ̫ĻγɵĴΣգҲ̫ڵٶȣСèӦڰʱ֮󵽴԰
ںʱܹأǾ͵ÿ۵ٶˡ
ĿСèʧһٵҲд˵ġ
ʵȰҶʱһҪû˵ǾҲֻܵΪӽ޼ĺ֮ѹӰ졣
ڷ۲۵һɲǣӰǳ
ͻȻ䷢ֵĿֲѹܻʧҷɣȻͻڵˮ๥
ǳ۵ĸΪѾӽޣѹһӴƷҲᾪʧ롣
Ҷ츳ҲֻеؽƷΪ
һĵģ·ϣʵ̫ġ
ʮϢ֮󣬰׵ʧ˵С
˶ǿߣߺõ£ɵĿʮ￪⣬ˮ裬ֱȽСɳʧȥټ
ԣ˵ĿⶼеҶϡ
ѪźǿӦǷȫҶ
ʱҶ˫пģȴһֲޱȵĻ档
Сè˫ۣҶ漸ӵˮ棬ˮУҡҷŸָˮݣͻСĸˮޣͣȥ
ʱʱģһֻ޴޾޿һţˮйһǵľ޿֮УɰǧˮݡСˮ޾˳ˮǵĸС
żҲƾе޴֣Ѫɺӡ
ûãͻɻսʬƮ档
ò˶ãƮûʬǾͻᱻˮɸɸɾˮеѪҺᱻȥ渴ֱøɸɾ
ͻأҶüͷһ鶸رЩ졣
СèпǰΣȻЩ졣
ǰĺ涼ˮݡˮޣһ硣
һƬ棬ȴǿյһƬ
·һ㡣
СèԲǧ׵Ұ֮ڣȻûзһֻǰˮӵĻȻͬ
ǣΪˮݣƬˮ֮УƺҲʧȥ
ͻأҶͫһ
Ϊˮ·ͻطһ޴ˮˮȻСèеҰ
СèҰҲԶ߰﷽Բ
ˮޣԽ󣬶ʱˮԽ
κˮ޵Ӱӣ˵ˮ֮Уˮ֮л˴ˮ޵͵жôֲ
һˣҶ涸صһ
ˮɢǰַʮ֮ˮŻָָٴٴѪɺӡ
˵ǣ·սͣϷ˾״еСèȴûκ޷֡
һֱСèɽʮĵطҶ꺣еĻͽϢ
ҶĻ꺣Уֻʣ겨
Ҷ֮ҰļޣҶ滹ܹĸӦСè
ֹ˴ԼһӣСèϿհʱ尾ʱˡ
ÿһ̣Ҷļ尾ڲͣļӾ硣
ΪҶ֮ϵԽԽҶΨһܹӦģǻ꺣СèԽԽ΢겨ֻ֤Сèš
ǻܸӦ˿겨ҶѾһеĳ
ûһ̵ʱ
Ķ꣡
ÿһϢǹȥ˼ʱ
ڲͻŵʱ䣬÷ǳ
һ١»кͫ˶ҶĽţһ£ĸҶ졣
ʲô⣬Ҷ涼ͬɮ붨һ㣬վһģΨжͷĺ顣
·˼ʮһһ㣬ͻأҶԺеͻؾҵĲһ£ҶüȽ
˿̣һˣһͨʹǰɫĳ߰ף׵۳СèС
׼ȷ˵Ͽհ˾׵һС
ǰ󣬸װһī壬ԼԼɢѹ֮еСè΢΢һ¡
ۣһۿȥһֻޣܵĴϣǶһһž޴ԼԼɢɷΧԲʮûκһƶ
㸽ϵȷˮݣ۵ѹ֮£ǽʬһ㣬Ҷֺ
е΢΢һ£Ƶ۵ģȻ󻺻½䡣
ɷѹʱСèҵĲ
ʱҶ飬Ѿŵ˼¡
ӦУܸӦСèڲͣĲţ⾭ԤʾСèΣա
һɲǼ䣬Ҷ͵˫ۣ˫ʵʵԶ籩ȥֱһС
ôˣˣ˶ΪҶ仯ý
Ҷûд𻰣ͷ͵رŬĿԼԼ
֮Ҷͻһɡ
Ҷ˵Сèпܳˡ
ʲôˣһһľϲ
һٿ龰»ӵĳԾ
겨֮Сè䵽֮ϣͷ·ԼԺɢһ㣬ӽ޼ĸѹǰƵġ
ûһᣬСèͶر⵽β͵һצ£ˮɢ۾Ǽһǰܳ


710 о
죬ۣ
Ҷ潫˹ˣ
ˣʦ𣬳ˣ
޴۳Ұеʱһֱź˶ԦŴԾһһ㾪ϲĻ
ӳɲǣҶȴһѵĸо
԰˴ʱʻۻȴʱʱڣҶľǸ߶ȽţޱȵļУѾʪͨ͸
£ʪ¶ǿ߶ԣǲܵġ

ۿɲǣСèһ˷ܵĺһԾҶ档
ΪǾ޴ͻ˵ҶʱСèѾӰ׿С˰ƴСһֻһ˵Ҷ滳ҲҲһ˿İ
ҶḧСè˷쳣СèСèս֮ϲá
Ϸ޴˰뱲˽֮ͨޣǵһֻԼѵޣʮ֮һûУ
̾ţһϲĿ⣬޲ýȥ
Ȼ۹ˣǾͲҪʱ䣬ͨɣٶˮ˵
ã
һٵ˵ͷɫ磬㵽԰ĺãǾ۰ɣ
Ҷ汧СèԾۣ׵һѿݹҶע⣬Ǿϣ˩żص
ӦԦԦ۵ͣ˹ʣпĶˡҶĿ⣬һٽһ䡣
ܿģ˶εۣ˫Ⱦʧ׮ӱҲӰĮۡ
һҹƣѾָ߰˰ˣ޷ת౻อڻָ֮С
ϷɣһٽɢһȦոյʱ֮һŭһȦȦ
⸲ʬѹȻֲԶԶģʮʱԶˮеĸ;޴޾ܾһɢǰ;ˮʱΪ֮һա
Щȴ޷ƶˮݣ˲佩ֱѹ
Ҷһ£⺣۵ѹΧԼΪʮңΧʮﷶΧڣκޡ
վڴϹ۲쾰ɫҶüͷһ壬λҪ봬̫ˮ򣬲ôһºɷ⣬Ҳǲܣ
ҶԺͻȻ͸ֳСèпһƬˮо޴ޱȵˮ
Բʮﶼûһ˿һ޵ӰӣҶǲǽͷˣӰĮЦ
Ҷûж˵ֻһ·£˴ң˵˴롣
״ۿܾɫˮͫһۣҲϢ˺
ӰĮ˺󣬱ڱϵıȴЦһС󣡡
ˣ֮ϣиѹһ޴רŷŴѹ󷨣£ȻˮҲκ޸ҷ룡Ӻȵ
ҶĶһ۱ӣתͷϸĿԶˮ档
һ֮ˣҶøϻ
ΪҶ˾̽޹ȵĽΣ뿪֮ǰһնɱ˱ӡ
±ѾммĵˣҲǵˣ
ҶԲһҪصĵ˴
ţСèѾһˣȳȥȾƺòãСָĹ˹ҶģóҶ񾭱úܽĿҶ档
Ҷ϶ظһ˿ЦֻǺȾ𣿡
µ͵ظһ˿̺죬˺Ⱦƣ㻹ʲô
˵أ
֪뻵£
£ô֪뻵ˣҶ滵Ц
µָݺݵһҶĵ⣬Ҷ񶸵һȳȥ֮󣿻᲻Ϸأ
Ȼݵ̬ȴ˵۵һٿһĻֻǺǺǵЦ
һĻȴٴӱߣ֪ܡ
䣡
ҲһɲǣضɽҡˮĻˮ
ʱⳤǧ׵ľ޴۾ҵĻεֱ㵹
Сģ
ôˣ
жôܣ
ʲôˣһƬ
ǰǾ޴ʮﷶΧˮҶԺٴҪţѹסۣԲ㸲Ҷ
ͬʱҶʱ˫ţ͵һͬҶߵķҲѧ³ֹ֮
飡
ոձĴ嶸һصĵˮϣ״ҲѧոջεѵĴʱȶ
ɫò԰ޱȵͬʱʱһô£
ģô£㲻˵۰ȫޱ𣿴±ߵʲô
ӴʱδҪʲô⣬Σյľˣܲż
һٵɫҲһɲǱò԰ޱȣѵ
Ŀһͬʱһ٣ʲô
ˮ֮δŨ񣬻µġˮ֮һ˵
ͫ׷ʵˮ֮ʲôƷף
Ʒ۷壬˽ӽޣһ˵
ԣӰĮͬʱһֻҪޣǿԼɵĽɱɣ
ǣһٵȴûаɵ˼ɫӵĲ԰ף㲻ˮ޵Ŀֲ
ˮ͸ӵľ޴ͬλУˮ޵ʵͨ½޵ңǡ
أ
һٵĻûأ̶Үشˮ״ĺͻȻһȥ
·ĺˮһ㣬޴ʱ³˰ףֱӳ˺ס
䣡
ˮ˷һ
ˮУǧ׵Ĵһֻ޴ĺɫβǯ·ˮһ˳ˮеˡ
βз
СģƷĶβзѹƷѾҪӽޡ
䣡
һٵͷµĺˮû
޴ĶβǯһĿ꣬
ֱַһ١Ҷ桢¡ˮǡͫԾˣǾ޴ĶβǯȴǴˮ˺ݺݵǯ˱űӵĮ
Įⱬܿ
ǣˮս½սȫһԼʵʵٶеٶȣ̫ھޱȵ¡
ǯδβǯȺݺݵĺĮϡ
˾͵ĶβǯĺֹĮĺ˳ȥڱıӣֱӱĮ
꣡
ĲĴ𣬸ոմĮıӣβһҧУǯһͱ⣬Ѫʱ
ʦ𣬾ȡ
Ծļֻһ䣬ͱˮûǾ޶ĴֱӺԾĻףԾһɿľ˶βзǾ޴Ŀ
Ծ
һ˫Ŀص˸Բһںڳޱ˵⣬;˹ȥ
ǳ޸ոշɳһ޴Ĵһٵͷ£ֱӾסһ٣
ݣ
ɫĽˮеһȦȦѸĲƣֱӽҶͷһ׳Ĵжϡ
µ˫ֱͣھ޴Ĵ֮ϣ˫һͽǾ޴Ĵǽ飬ˣ⻪˸˫ھ޴ĴϽǰѸٵĽǳǧ׵Ĵһ飡
أ
βзʹ֮£ոĥ˱ӵľ޴βǯһХŷҧ


711 ͬ

һ˲Ĺ˫βзĺɫǯײ£ˮʢһ㣬һȦһȦ
ɫǯޱȣÿһ˫ײУȻ𻨣Ҫ֪ˮУ
һײʱ򣬺ɫǯ͵һڣ
ˣ
ֱ˶Ĥһɢ
ĲҽУԦŴԾֱӱӽ˶βз޴Ŀ֮У˲ûӰ
ΨдӶβзѪ֤ԾĽ
˵ĻңˮͫԺһ㣬ҲԺһѡ
ǵĹˮУҲӦΪѡ
ٶˮʱĳչβзβзķ̫ǿˣ
Ǿ޴ĺֽɫļ׿ǣˮ˵ͨ似ȥţ뺣һ㣬һ˿
˵ǣȻˮһֱ۵ѹΧ֮ڣβзɢѹĿǰΪֹǵĵֻжβзһ
ҪȻж˶
һڲͽԾ֮ǰסľ޴󴥽նһӣڱӽ֮ǰӳ졣
βзʮ׵ľ޴ǯ͵Ŵ󵽼£͵ŷ¿ҧȥ
޴ǯں£֮£ٶȿ쵽˼¡
£ӣ
Ҷ澪
𣬿ٺˡ
һˣˮ߶µٶȣǱȽϿģǣڶβзˮԣǾǷӥڹһ
˲Ϣ䣬޴ǯӰ˷Ϸ
ͬʱҶҲŷµķ򼲸ϹȥǱɢˡ
벻Զֻǧף
½ϣٶȴ߶£ǧ׵ľ룬ҲһϢʱ䡣ˮУҶͨһˮԣٶҲء
ڵشˮȫá
ͷϰˮ㣬ҶκεشĴ߶ù
Щãˮߣ㱬εÿ죬쭣ٶȾǿ첻
ˮβзľ޴ǯѾ׼ҧȥٶȣ磡
ͬһʱ䣬ҶҲɵˡ
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иģȴǰĽͽ
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714 ǰ·
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˲Ϣ䣬ͽҶǳһ˺÷顣
Īһ£Ҷ鶸رѿޱȡ
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ڷһĵŷİٶˮǣҶЩԾ
Ҷ棬ˮǵЩ䣬СӣԶ㣬Ҫɱ֣
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ʮִһ·кüÿһĵϣܲżǿķûзûа취ġ
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ǰѡģߵԶԶģҪȻݹ֣ˮǾٴ
һΧҶ˵ͷȥȻһʮ·ڣҶƣˮǵĻӦû١
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ӰɽľϣҶһڵص׷ɿĴţһߴУһ߿Ц
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ݵҶ棬ȫԴӵص׶ʮ׵ķΧɵĳ룡
ص׿ݵĽϵ󷨣һΧһ㣬ڵص׶ʮķΧܲһŨޱȵĽϵûͨ޷롣
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һƷۼƷ龧ƷۼѾʮ顣
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ȥ֮ҵ֮ʲôˡ
飡
ͻشһȻ죬˳˼еҶ档
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ʧɫ֮£ˮǵѸٵļһеĺУ漴Ͼޱȡ

һԷǳСĴնɱػܣ
ǽǱϣˮǷһƬʵʯмʱͱޱȵ
ŷǹرյģôˣ
ңҾߣѹûиӦκδ򶷵Ķ
˭ܹ֮ͨǰȡĶЩգǿܡ
ˮǵĳüʱһ֣һ֮еκˣӦöû£ѵ˴˽
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ص£ҶӦˮǵģֱһЦĳ嶯
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ˮٴοʼĴڲһȴŵĵŽƵʱҶѾӵصһݶڴһ֮ѹһյĴ֮ҶͻطһһĴ
һĴߣÿףһߴʮ׵ͭףĸ·档
һȥֱ·ľͷȻϰٸ޴ͭףŵ·ǼƼȲ
ѵ޵
Ҷһ䣬ʹӵص׶ݵ˴ǰƷǷĴǰɲǣҶһһʧ
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720 ͨۻ
ҶôҲû뵽Ȼ﷢ǰһȽ޵Ⱥһ١
ʱһ٣ͬٶˮһ㣬Ϊĺǰĵŷ
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һǰԦĲر֮أ
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һٻǷƣǷĵŷ˵һС
ģһǰս˺һʱˣĵŷҲ͸ոռһѡ
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ȸӦһ£ٽȥ̽ҶƣĹģ϶мǿػػ
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ܣӦ޵ȺˡҶϲϲ֮࣬Ҳеǡ
һķؿܶͨۻֲĴڣԦڸ˵ĸߵػܻжôֲ
ڴΧһ飬Ҷ淢֣֮УֻҪ뿪ķΧͿԻָˡ
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һߣҶʱԾ˵صףޱȵĽشҶ÷Ʈ𣬾Ըǰֻͨۻһֱӱܿһ˿ڣǳķ飬ٿֲҲͣ
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ͻطǰͨۻܼȿֲľ֮£ʱˡ
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ʶ޴ΣգܵģҶһµһ棡
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ţ㰡һˣûᵽһ˵һ߱۾鶯űӣ˿Ƥⱻսζ
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Ҷһʱɷɷ׵ģǰ仰仰ôôֲ˼ƺҶ浱ʳ
һԼǰһʳһ㿾ԵҶ˼ս
ӣҶ濴ŵˮһĳɫ⻪ҶĿЦ
ǰֲļһֻһţϾޱȵĳɫֱҶʧЧҲҶ
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һ𾪵Ҷ棬ͨۻͻغٺٴЦһٶˣһˣúõĽļįײģ
һء۷ΪȻܹͨɱ˼˼˵ɣĸ϶ģͨۻĿٴζҶ棡
ҶȴٴεһǰһȻһ۾ͿΪ
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Ī𶯣һһ΢һ˼֮ȴһĿϲ
ˣ𶯣϶ǼһڷǼһﻹڣ
ֻҪǸһڣԦŸһ㵸Ŀ


721 һ֮
ʲôԦѾһٶˡ
Ҷеõ𰸣ǰλͨۻЩʧ񣬾Ȼ
һɲǣʯıЦ
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ǱⱲõϢţХ죬ţХǻ쵰أЦУͨۻֶҶ档
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ҶĻû˵꣬ͨۻľ۾ŭҶ棬һƭӣʲôǧΪ۲ŴԵģޣҲ䣡
ҶȴǾˣΪҶͨۻ仰еõһϢǰͨۻпǧǰĴڣ
ǧǰϹﰡ
ʱ򣬿־ѾʧѾôˣʲôµģ
ԣƭӣҲֻ֪֪ǰԦŸʱ򣬳һĳ⣬ȫڸ𣡡Ҷ˵
ȫڸˣЩϻأȥˣ
ͨۻЩŹ֣˵˳˼
˼һỹû⣬һһ˼һӣɵҶżʱϲ𰡡
һ⻹ڲͣĺ˵ò˶þͿԽ
һٸˮǵ˲һԦŵΨһˣҶƣһپԲԼ˵Ķ޹Ҳһ֪
һٶ޹ڵĽƿ϶˽⣬пƵķţ
ڣһȱһᣬһлڲ·Ľƣô޵ֳǿƵʱ򽫻ơ
ңҶĵǰһǰͨۻֲޱȣҶţͨۻʮа˾ҲǱԦŪػġ
ҪȻֳĿֲΪͺȥˡ
Ȼͨۻʲôܣʮа˾Ҳʲôͨۻطһٷʹ֪ܿʲô
һһٿǰͨۻôҶˣʮ
ΪǻҶ棬ҲԸ⽫ԼŸ˵й¶ȥһȺ֪˻ųȥ
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ڣҶȥնɱһ٣Ҳˡ
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ӿᣬͨۻ͵̧ͷţԵģ
ҲôҶֻôϮеĿȾͷ˳ȥ˲ʱϸܵľ׽
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һϢĹһֻȾʧˣͨۻĿٴζҶ棬СӣñȥĴָǣ
ããСԼȡ
˵ţҶͽָ֮еĸɫ㹻Ҷһ˳Ͻһʳȫȡ˳
ವõڶ
ƣƣ
СӣҪǸ˵ûƣѪҺƺȣ೤ʱ䣬ûԹˣͨۻͻ¶Щζ顣
УУУ
ʮ̳ʱһɫİڵͨۻǰ
һ̳Ŀ⣬Ҳᣬ;̳
ģҶͻһͷ֪ˣҪһ̳֮мһΰٶѪߵĶҺǲǾܶǰһ
ͷŸոͨۻܹɱ׵Ķ½ϻûأһж뱾壬ɢ
ûУˣĸҡ
Сӣϣٷϣͻñ㣡һʱ򣬼ǵðصһ㣡
˲أҶЩȻѾö˵ˣǰһʵֲ̫Ȼʲô֪
ףȻʮ𣿡
䶼شʮóТҲСģҲգƽռ˺ôмشھˣ
˵䣬һѶϢͳҶԺУǼתĿھ
ھʲôתˣȴܽ겨ص꺣ģʲôᱻıֱӶϤˣͨۻ˵
Ҷǿų嶯ͨۻ⼸ھת˲Ϣ䣬Ҷֻǰ΢Ļ꺣رޱȵƽ
Ҷ߶꺣Ҳֻǻ꺣ڲ꺣ȴһֱƽˮǰҶֻҪ߶κ꺣ͻ
е֣ôѧˣ˵ţͨۻٴĿһ̳ʮ
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ҶӵķϣᣬᣬСôأ
ߣĸƤ
˵꣬ͨۻͲҶ棬רעǰһʳǧɫ⣬ˮʮ̳ʮڲһӵĹ򣬾ͱͨۻ˸ɸɾ

ͨۻһıãܵĶƤüˣ˶ٱСӣʮûˣ
Ҷ潫ͷҡø˹һ㣬ûˣһ̳ʮǺüƷ龧ʮ̳ѾСϵȫˣ
üƷ龧ô˰ǵãһ̳ǧƷ龧ѣ
˼Ϣͨۻĳͻָʮ˸ŷ⻪ĹŵСӣ߶ԦŵĴ֮ԸǷ飬ձһ٣ԦŵĴ֮һɣ͵ǻˣ
ñ˵ĶԼĿֻҶǲ˵ģֻ︹һ䣬ȴǴϲ
˵ʵҪǰλͨۻҶƴҲòκһ
οЩϱ߻ַ⻪
лǰ
ϲ֮ϣҶͿߵʮһǰϸĶȻҶͷѡ
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Ԧܹղֵӳ˷ӡĶǴֵ֮ǣȴһҶԼҪġ
ҪǣʹĿǰҶֻһλᣬҪֲͨۻ֮ǰˣۻǶüѹܣ
Ԧŵˣˮ˵Ԧز⴫ĿǣҶĿǰģܹСèƷ׵Ѫ
ǰһҪ񣬾õѪ
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ͨۻԸҶֱ˵ʵǰָ֪ܷһ£ûѪеĻһ
Ѫͨۻ۾ҲҶ


722 ֵ
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ͨۻ۾Ҷһۣĸӡ֮У
Ҷ۾һʱϲлǰ
ͨۻû˵ʲôĿĴҶؿһɨ
Ҷѹûע⵽һ㣬Ϊ˷ܵߵĸӡ֮ǰ͵ӿֳŨȻĸȥ
Ҷ֮£ӡ󷨿ʼҵĲҶеʼǿӡ󷨿ʼٵ
أҶбͨۻ͵վˣ˫ԣ۾ɳͭһ㣬ëը

ƵĲҽǰɵͨۻз⿪ʼһķ𣬶ͷ¶֫۽ǣѪɫһ㸡֡
һݵıŰϢشͨۻ֣ͨۻޱȣ¶ھҵĲ·˼ʹ࣡
ǰһֱڵεĳɫҲڴʱһɢ
ͨۻ״ҶһʱҶСĽ䱸ͬʱƿӡĶҲ
Сӣ㲻뱾˺㣬Ϳ졭죡
ͨۻȳһ졯ֵʱڷˡ
Ҷٴδһ˲ö룬⻪ȫ߶˼£ˣҶ泹׵ƿӡʱѾϢ֮
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ģҶɻ󣬺ܿģϲ֮ɫ͸Ҷգ
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򿪵ҩУһöȭͷС˸ʹ⻪ҩҶǰһᣬᵽһֱθ㡣
Ѫɫ⣬㣬Ҷ˺ܶ伮֪֮һйѪ˽⣬ƾ⼸㣬Ͽ϶ǰѪġ
⻪һҶͽѪս˴ָ֮УȻοƵĻеСèСè׵ӿˣ뿪͸ף
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ҶԺһСè˷ܺҶ΢΢һЦĿⲻĿ˵档
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ˣԦŵǸƭõһ󷨽ưˣһĲرӡԷ򿪣ǵ󷨽ƾǴ̼ñԴ󷢣ݻǰһлͨۻ˵
ڣ⼸Ҳĥһŵֿܵƣ㷽Ҫһ㣬ɾͲһܹסԼˡ
ԣҶȴǵһǲһ㰡
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վʱͨۻΪ͵ĿҶһۣСӲмүţûгñ󷨽ƹʱܣҲûгûȡ

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Сֵ۰ֵ֮ͨˣοԦŵһЩС⣿Ҫֵܣܿ㲻ɣͨۻм
ʵʲôֵֵܲܵģҶѹûȥһλǧϹֵܣҶ滹Щ֪֮ģҲǸ˵ѣ̵ô˵
ǸðǰţδĴ磬˵˵ҪҸʲôҶ˵
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ͨۻҶһۣǰⲻǻû𣿡˵ţٴһҶ棬߻ǲߣ
ҶٴοЦãߣȥǸ𣿡


723 
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ȻҶĿǰѾõѪҲѡ͵Ϯһ뷨ɵһ١
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ܿģҶѱļûʲôջ֮󣬶ϱѰ
ϱѵһͬһ㣬޷ĴСĽȥ֮󣬷һ״ϧǣտҰΪ㣡
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ѱʮˣȻûм£֪½֮󱻴͵ûΣգ
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ź׷·ɺһֱӾסԼӵɫȺĳޣҶֱɵۣ죬ң


724 

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ҲһɲǣҶףһù顣
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ⲻ𾪵ģ𾪵ǣҶո̽Դ޴߸סˣǣⲢΣա
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˵ҴкпܻһԵ;ȻԵΪʲôһҲڡ
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ÿһ棬ͫɫͻ԰ޱȣȻ߶ƵҲ
ʱָͫɣһɲǼĹ򣬾͵ϰٵɫ棬ǵصһ١
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һ˻УٶһȻһ峤ߴףˮ׻Ҫֵɫ
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ݣ
Գɲǣ׳βĳͨۻ˺ͫĥ̴ơ
ԵģˮǼԳһƺ޷ºͫ
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飡
ͫβײ÷ɳһ٣ˮǵǽضϲȴֱĳöϾ
ͬһɲǣˮǵԭҲ׵ľ͵𣬼͵Ĺͨۻͬʱźͫһ쳷ǲͨۻĶ֣ߡ
ԣһʱĿЦߣΣˣκ˶Ҫ뿪ǽ춼Ҫڡ
أһٵЦȻֹһӰشһٻг𣬲ײһ٣˳һеĽɫ
ϣǵδءҶ


730 
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һһּһҶ棬ٿһԼظһĲ졣ΪڷţоҶƺǴĻܳȥġ
ѵ˵ҶǰڻŸֲͨ
ҪҶ淽ŵĶ̫ͻȻˣҲ̫ˣ׼ᣬֱӴӵصһݶ·Ծһ㣬һٻ˳һеĽɫ
ϣҪɱǣûɣҶеĽɫЦ
ҶûҪɱߣɱأ
һ˵һһҶеĽɫͻأһسҶеĽɫ
ͬʱոͣͨۻһֱ͵رֱץҶ档
һپȻոɫͼ߶ͨۻɱҶ棬ؿͨۻĽɫ
ҶķӦν죬ǸӦӿɫɲǣҶһֱӾͽɫӽԸĴָ
ͨۻĥ̴ƣҶͷϷһ״ͣģ
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һٵʱ԰ޱȣһְĿ⿴Ҷ棬Ҷ죬콫ǽɫңȻҶҪ
ģûƭ㣡ɫңҿԷԣŵΪԦŵһ֮֮ϵĸģ죬컹ҡ
찡ūϾҪˣ졭
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ģԲɱģ˵Ԧֻʣһˣɱ㣬ɾûضˣ
ģһúúõģÿ춼Űһٱ飬Űһ꣬Ҳ˱ڶ
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˵꣬ͨۻƱǣŰޱȵϢһɲǼҶ档
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ͨۻɦɦԴЦһˡָһСèƾյĳͨۻǰ
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ʱͨۻų׵һرһɳдϵ棬ͨۻ׵֮ϵ
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ͨۻЩΪѣĿֿ˺ͫС꣬ҪֻƵһôһˣܷ
ͫȴǲɿڣҲ˵ˣҶţһ㻹֪λҶǧͷ޵Χ׷½£նɱͷƷޣ
оһֻֻ벽Ľʯ
ңλҶһиСŮӵȻ񼼲Ϊһޣ޷ֵ
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Ҷ㲻ȿ¼˵ʵҲֻһֶѣ㿴꣬˵оϲģͫҶ˵
ͨۻҲӦԶԶԣֵܣȿ˵ңǶƣҲԶҪʲôᣬľüͷ

Ҷ鶸һĿⶢ˽һϢһ٣Ժжظһ󵨵뷨


732 Ԧĺ
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ȷʵͫԣⱾ¼صūޣūߣֻҪ飬ūۡ
ͬǣū۸ҪͬҪūߣкü֣ÿһֵǳ̡
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ЩҶʶ¼ľ޴ֵ
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Ҷֻ֣õϣҶЩܲˡ
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ûֵܣĳŵۿۣҪʲôʲô˵ֻҪ޶ͨۻŵ
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ͨۻһԦΨһӻûأȻúˣͺúõһ棬ййģ
һϢһٶشһս鶸رþޱȣУһ˿һɼ΢ʹһٵɢ
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СȨƶմϱߣֳɵĻᣬСܾÿūһһؽԦΪʹ
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ͨۻܵʬ壬ͨۻüë̲סľҲ£װ
꣬ԦžֻͨϹͨ۴ԳѪĻͨطҩĴ̼źͣȻϰٸ˺ӣ
ԭ£Ϲͨ۴ԳѪѪ׳ΪͨۻĻʷǳС֮Ϊ֮һҲΪ
Ԧţȴϰٸ˺ӵϣľѳֻͨۻֻΪԿƣȫ˿ܡ
ҲͨۻһֱΪһʹ£
ò˵Ԧŵ£
һǵеĳܹһ˿ϹѪǾζսɰٱ
ȻԦĳҪؽԦţ棬ԾЭ̵ģԦĳЩ弫Ϊı£չֱӿģ
ϾūһؽԦţҪʲôǰ;˵Ĵ£ƾǵǷַӵ£Ҷٴ׳һն
Ȼԣͨۻ۾һԷ
Ȼ
Ǻã£ͽСˣͨۻһӣ˾
Ҷһȴһ˿ɫͨۻȻǧ֣ȻúͫҶ̸ġ
˵ǿҶ棬ǾĽ࣡
Ҫǻͨۻ̸ƾҶͨۻİգռֱˡ
չһ£ؽԦ֮£̸
ֻҪ̸ҶУҲһݿɹ۵ˣ


733 
κһֻƷͻƳΪޣϵ͵
УֱӽؽԦ군ˣûмֻ޼ӣԦŻñŰ
Уϣû
ȻؽԦűˣһɢҾȥһ٣ǰʮѪͼѪЭ飬ʹϣ
Ҷߣͫȴҧҧ촽쵰ԦűһԱ
ʮֻ
ֻ
ֻ

һҪԦפʹߣԷԦĴ治죡ڷ˴촽࣬Ƥĥ֮󣬺ͫһ
û⣡
Ҷˬشúͫ⣬ΪʲôӦôʹ죿
ѵıڣ˭ϲԦؽ֮϶иָ鷳һλʹ󻹲أ
ҸһҶָͷ

һ㣬ʹֻм֮ȨȴԲԸԦŵκԦΥ֮ʹֻͨǣȻϵãԲȨã
ڶȻҪԦΪô࣬ôԦ鷳ʱҲӲһԦԮԮҾԮ֮УпߣҶ˵
˵꣬ҶֲûԦԼؽȥ
ԣֱͫӱᣬӱùƫƫҶ޿κΡ
ؽԦŵ˲̸ðգһ̸ŷؽ֮ԦŶջ̫ˡ
о仰˽ˣˣѣĵˣ
ͬ˽޵ģԼר޵Ԧţ
һЩѪޣѪܷǳļѣϰһҲ޷ԼѪ
ԦͨƵҩȴһ㡣ңһѾѪΪѵͨۻʵˡ
һ㣬˵ǶŵĿϹѪѻʵطҩˡ
ʵһʱǺͫˮǣҶｫԦŵĴȥǿؽԦţΪĳ̶ֳ϶ԣԦŶԣʵ̫Ҫˡ
ǣѾˡ
ڳУͨۻǾҶֵģʵǶǸˣ˭֮ǰûʶԦŴжľ޴ãֻһζ˼ԦŵĴأ
ںͫˮǣԦŴе뷨ǣ⣬ûǷοͨۻһߺء
ȻˣһЭǻǷ԰ɣԡͫ׷ᡣ
Ҷǳ׵ˣͫ˿һҹݣһһģȫΪ롣
Сʱ֮ԣ
֮ҶƲƲ죬Ǹһ˿ĪЦ⣬һ١
ûɵϸЭԼߴʮҺͫλŮȷʵǷǷԵģǸճ֡
ЭȷǾβ˵ඡ
̷һԦÿһɻ̷ޣҪָһ롣
Լȷ˰ɣ⵱еĿɲԾ̫ˣǽһϺ飬Ҷƣܹķ֮һ֮һɻ̷ޣѾǸˡ
Ͼ̷޵ĳɻʣɲһ
ϣңҪһ˵㣬ֻߣ㽻ͨۻҸԦȤļһѵҶޱĿһ١
һմѪ۵ϣֳһ˿Цһеѡ𣿡
䵽ͨۻҶūۣȴؽԦţպĵλ֮ϣһУֻҶǰ
Ǿͺãʱ䣬״ָ̬۷壬רԵɹʿֻ߳Ұϣô
Ҷϣ鷳ϸжϸж⵱пźܴյġ
ûʩչһپѾ˽ɫҶĿˡ
磬պ󣬴ҳɹʩչ֮һ뿪ɣ޶ˣΪ˷ֹƽԭϵ޳⣬Ҫ¿󷨣ϵĽѾû˰ɣҶͨۻ˵
ȥɣѾӦʧȥ󷨵ѹԼһѾʼɱˡͨۻ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˲ʧ
ȻҶ֮Ҫ¿޹ڵ󷨣ҪҶѾ޹ڵһΪ˽ˣƽԭϰޣɱһͷܻһ
ο޵ȺĴУŴҶ濴ϣؽԦŴõƷЩɲܽѹˡ
ҶĿ⣬ͨۻͫƲǰٶˮǣȴɾͲһඡ
֮޵ȺѾʧػĻڿܼ򵥣ǰȡµ졢ηŻԭλǡ
Ҷ滹еģΪǿ󣬲ܹ
ͨۻһһкҶݵһյĴȻҶԦŵķӡеõһԦ޹󷨷ϸ֮£Ƴͨ޹ڸ󷨵
Ҷڲûʱ飬ΪҶҪ飬ʵ̫̫ˡ
ˣÿһ£Ҷս츲صı仯
Сè
ವһСèʹҶ滳ܳȻƮҶǰڴĶҶ棬ƺҲ³Ҫʲôˡ
ϵһԳŰɫëСᶼΪҵ
Գ

һХ峤һٶʮף߶ʮ׵ݵͺبҶǰ
ԦΪԦʹ޵Եʣ޵ùޱȣ˾޴Сèبڴ֮Уɺܿտ
⻪һöȭͷС˸ʹ⻪ɢѪҶǰ
겨һѶϢҶڡ
סûҸղŽķѪ
ȵģСèҶʹգգ۾
ԦſںѪѪɲ̷ȥͿµģҪ뽫Ч׵ķӳһݼ򵥵
߼򵥣޿ɾͺѶˣȻһޣⷽСèԣѹûʲôѶȣ
ſڣ
ָᵯȭͷСѪͱҶ浯СèѪ֮У˲Ϣʧ
Ϣһεʹ⻪ʹСè͸ɢǵʹ⻪õռһ㣬˲Ϣе
˲Ϣ䣬һѾõĺɫ⻪Сèڱ֮һģһɿֲޱȵѹϢ

һشӺɫ⻪ڴ
һԼԼҶ۾͵صɵ˼£·ʲôȲ˼һ㣡


734 ͻƺƷף
ڣͨۻͫˮǡһ˾ϥһսˣԶץʱָ
ͨۻ⼸󷨽ƶ˺أ飬ʱҲһһڻָΪͷһԪС
ҵ޹ȱ޽һƷ֮ϣԪŨĺ񣬵Ҳڶ˵Ӱ죡
˴ǰȻУʱҲǻţ
ͻأһ޵ĺ֮Уɲǣ˵İٶˮ͵شһ¡
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ԳɲǣɫѾһ̲һ̱ڵأֲļȿ־ĲһһĶ϶־岻ѵ˻
ҲˮԳɲǣͫ۾͵־ޱȵĿ˷һţ·ʲôֲޱȵһ㡣
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ôˣǡʲô
ͨۻ޴͵ǳɫë·һըĳɫβֱһһٴеģ
ʱ޵ڼ־岻ϵͨۻǿ
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໣
ͨۻַʽйԼĿ־塣
һĻ˵һ֮󣬲һû
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Ҫģ
ģһƤӶգһ£¾񾭱µͨۻ˺
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ɲǣ˷ʾͨۻ͵̱ڵأëβȫȥ罬Ϣţ
ͫ״̬Ҳˣ㺹죬԰ףЩֵĿ˷
ģʲôôˣ
죬ͨۻŻʱ򣬰ٶˮɫͬһ̱һġ
ʲôĿֲڷΪʲô˲һ˿һĸоǰҶͫһľ壡
ֹܹñޱȵϢֻϹźϢˡͨۻ˵
ϹźϢΪʲôͫһɻ
ͨۻҡҡͷҲ֪ʲôֲĴ·ĳϹźϢĶˣϾλɽǱϢĵط걾ɹϹͨ۴ԳѪϧ
ͫ¶˳˼ɫ֮󣬲ЩһɫڣˮǲŽĻָΡ
һУڱڿСèںѪҶ棬֪
ңļ˱ԼԼŵˣҶ棬ҲСèڹڴˡ
Ӧǲû
ΪһɲǣҶڵĵڶѪͿʼҵĲ
Ѫҵ֮£ҶڵľѪһɲǶˣ·ܵĳһ㣬һıҶĵڶѪ
һ˲䣬ҶĵڶѪͷ·һ޵׶һ㣬ҶڵѪȫǳ忪ӵĺˮһеĳ˵ڶѪ
ҶҲٶԱѣ޷ֹơ
ǣھѪͣӿѪ֮ڣԭûһ˿һĺѪȻм䲿ֿʼһ˿ƺбĿܡ
֣ҶǾϲһ
־ϲʮϢҶþޱȡ
ʮϢʱ䣬ҶʢľѪͱѪ߳࣬Ҳɹ룬Ҳɳɣ
ȴͣҲҶƣҪͣȥҶֻһһ߸ʬ
һɲǣҶͷĴ߶ֹ꺣ڽͨԪ˲Ϣ⻪˼¡
ѹűߵͬʱֹ뾫ѪʧǣЧǳޣڵڳıš
ûһĹҶؿڵһűѪ֮⣬ڵľѪͱøɸɾѾƤͷ
ˣѪûֹͣ
ҶȻ֪״ԴͷҶԥҪҪСèʱСèڹڵͻȻֹͣˡ
һֹͣڶѪͷ·𱻳˽һ㣬ʱɷڱҪҶСΪҲͬһʱֹͣ
ա
Ҷ氵̾һĨһ亹
ĹҶѾñƤͷڵѪΪɺѾֹͣһűѪţʣңҶѾԶˡ
ҪǷٳϼʮϢҶҪˡ
ѴѲ侫ѪҩҶȥ߶ʱ˹ѪսǿĻָһɲҲչ˳
Ѫ⿪ʼۿɼٶѪĿʼ⵽Ѫ֮С
ָţҶ濪ʼ۲ڵı仯
һα仯ѪڲмĿʼԼɵĺѪȥʱһļ¶
ҵƺһرĺѪϵ֪ܲأ
գҶûִ󵨵ĳԣ״̬Ҫٳ⣬Ĳ˵ˡ
һҶʱ˫龧ҩʼָĵѪ
СèʷڹӿڽĪںϡ
Ҷٴ۾Ѿ֮ˡ
̫㻨ʱ䣬ŽĲ۵ɲǣҶסˡ
ǰ⣬Сè
һٶʮף߶ʮף׳䣬ݣ
ǰĺɫ·һ˫ϣһȥгȴּµĺɫ·
Ҫǣǰһֻжʮ״С׸ߣȫݵƤͷƵģ͸һ㡣
Ҷ浱Ȼ֪ǰֻģ޾Сèˡ
ҶǣѪںѪģСèɢϢֻеؽƷ
Ȼûͻƣ
̫˼ˣ
أ
ҶСèҶ淢һޱȵҶ棬дҶԺϢֻһ֡
Ҷһ£Сè飬ӸСè
ֻ˼Ϣʱ䣬СèͽͼԵøɸɾݸҶѶϢֻһ˼ҶҺö
ҶһȡӸСè
ɲǣСè۾رһȥ
븹ɲǣСèɢϢͷһ


735 
ףͻˣ
ӦСèϢӵؽƷ۷弲ƷҶϣ鲻Խĸһ˿Цݡ
ֻҪѪþͺá
һɲǣҶٴȻΪͻ֮Сèݸ˼ǡһҪ
Ҫ
΢΢һ֮Ҷóʮ޵ӸСè
·һ㣬ʮ޵Сèһ̽˶ҶȻ֣±ű
СèȻûбűűȴɢϢʮ븹֮СèϢٴαǡ
Ϣ֮࣬ϡ֫ͷϵĺɫ·ԡ
СèĳҪ£ҶͷǳеĲϵ׳һһŵ
һ׵֮СèɢϢƷͻƵƷ峤ס
׵ȴҶһݵѹȸУǸоԽʯֻ벽ʱй
ҶӴİٶˮһӽСèĿУٶʮ߿ӽȥʱСèλѾ쭵Ʒ
ǣСèĶû˿ֹͣļ񣬼ÿ̳һСèɢϢͻԵȻ󣬵ҶӦУǳԡ
ʮһ̵ʱСèΪѾﵽƷ۷壡
ǣ̳Ϊûֹͣ
ģҶӴõƷƷѾιˣԥһ£ҶͽеʮƷҲ˹ȥ
һƷƷʣ൱ʮƷ
һţţšſţʮţʮһƷȥʱСèϢҵĲ޵ĺɫ⻪ʼСèͲСèͿʼڲл
Уһޱȵɫ⻪شСèദⲨɫĹ⻪Ƿ䲨һ㣬ɲǣΪģɢСè˷
ɫĹ⻪ɢȥɲǣСè͵ۺڷཬ˲Ϣͽš
Ҷ۾ȴ˲ɴ󣬡壬ޣȻͻƵޣ
СèɫཬĹ˰ʱҶűǿףֱ˿ڱתΪϢܵȴȥ
ζֱȳ˼¡
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һߴϢһôָڴ洢ˮϴСè
ûϴɣСèģҶ濴ˡ
ÿһɫëѩѩ׵γɺɫ·ÿһɫëǺһ˸Ź⻪
һ˫۾ԣ鶯쳣ȫ£͸һҶЦõǣСèͻкòױǵʮ׵ͣ徻ĹУֿ֮һ
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Ҷұ֤Сèʮײ屩Ա͸ߴİ׵޻Ҫֲ
ΪСèʱɢϢƷޣ
ƷϢ
޵ƷУʵ൱ߣ޵սߡ
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ʱʱʱ䣬СèΪʹӵؽƷ쭵Ʒǿߵʵ
ȻСèĵԴҲǼֲģİٶƷռ֮һƷ̷ʮһţЩֵܺѾǧƷ龧ӽǧƷ龧ˡ
£һߴ龳۷壬ʱ龧ĿܺͣҲᳬƷ龧
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ʱҶȴãƷƷףȴСèƷףͻȻ䣬Ҷ֪СèڴǰѪںѪ֮Ǳʲô
һɲǣҶͽнʣĿƷӸСè
ˣҶ濪ʼѴָڸ䣬⼸նɱߵĴָѼҶԼǧţȫСè
ҶǾſӰɽ޵ȫ˹ȥ
һţֲҶӹȥǧԼֻʮСè̳ȥģȴСèֱӺɨһԣһĵҲ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷˣ
Ϊ֮СèһθҲˡ
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Ҷ澪ȵǣĿƷʮƷҶĸӦУСèϢԵһ˿
ҶָоСèΪӦûǣǳҶĽࡣ
Ҷֳιһ龧ιƷ龧ʮƷ龧֮ҶˣЧţ
նɱƽԭϰСèΪʲô̶ȣҶͷͻӿһ侪˵뷨
ȻǰҶ治ؽԦˡ
ƷҪŪ㹻СèΪƷ۷壬ǲǾͿԸǸνڶԿˣ
㲻ܶԿҲǰɣҶ֧°ͳ˼
ԼȹԪҲҪĲ¼ˡ

ɱҶϣȷѾòˣʧʿǺܸߵģ˵Ԧž޵ţХ죬ʩչĳɹҲ߳ɣ
һһپͳ׵Ľ˽ɫʼΪС
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ûϢʹһʺ˻졣
һĻúͫˮǶЩ̵뿪ͨۻȤĿһĻ˼
ꡭװ
ʱ֮ͨۻһͻ¶һȻףһʩչȻͳˣ
ͨۻĵһ˲Ұ׵飬Ҷĵһʱ䣬ʹһ¡


736 ͨۻĴ
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ΪԦųϣĳɹҲ˵ġԦʸϰĺĳϣĸǸǧ˰֮󣬲ĳҵĳɹʡ
Ҷʩ֮ǰһĵԭԦŵļ¼Уϰĳϵһʩչʱɹʾûһɵġ
һٵľ̾ҶƲƲ죬£ɲǿ
ҪǿĻһͱԶҶԸҲܵش
ҶϸоɹĹؼߵĳ֮⣬Ҫģ˫ǿȡ
ǿȲɣߵĻ꺣ͻɢ
ҶʩչʱһٵĻ꺣βһͱˣڹؼʱ̣Ҷ˴ħеֻħ飬侫ͽһٵĻ꺣֮УȶһٵĻ꺣
ҪȻһٵԴͱˡ
Ԧŵ󷨷һ֮뿪Ҷ潻
ϣȥ졭
Ҷȴһ˱ӣȥȥȥȥϴϴʲôζ
һεһЦæת뿪תɲǣ۽һ˿Ҳһ˿ο
ǣһΪ˴뱻ӣͷȻһʮͷūˣңֻҪҶ룬ѧҲѧ
ΰ
οǣȻūˣ뱲Ϊ֮ܶؽԦŵԸҲˣңҶı£ԦвѾˡ
ֻҪԦŸ
磬뿪֮ȥҶ濴ͨۻ
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ͨۻЩ㯣߰˰갵գҴ㵽ߣϼһȻҲûһᣬ˵ɣ߰˰ˣһС˷ˡ
ЩĪ꣬ŪҶҲ˵ʲôˣ
Сʱ֮󣬳ȥϴһͻȻײײĳ˽ϣ죬ֹٲֹԦؽĻ˰˵⻰ʱһ˫ֶʼˡ
ֹ˭ֹʲôҶЩ졣
ͰٲֹƽԭϵİޣҪ˰һʹǶ鴤
·
һֳҶͨۻһ·ֱûϢĹ򣬾͵޵ȺǾ޴ͷǰߣȻҶЦͨۻȴǾ
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żĹСһʹӵؽƷͻƵƷںϵǺ޵Ѫ
Զƽԭϣݳֻжʮ׳ͷСè߸ߵһֻ޵ıԲ֮ڣĹ˼ʮͷƷޣҳһڡ
ʱʱģɫһ̽ͽһֻƷ޾ס͵Сèǰצ̽Ʒ޵İУֱڳƷһھȥ
Ȼסʬ壬۵ļмڣʬӵһԡ
ԶƷ޵ʬѾѳһɽѪѾ۳һѪɫĿʬֻ
ԶĵطͷƷڼʮջĶʬɽȴûһ
ϰͷƷޣǶԶԶģСèżһ񣬾ǼͷƷ޾˲ѡ
ϣһͷ˰޷֮ıɱƽԭƷޣҷȥɱҲûпܰһһۡ
ò˵һٵȷؽԦŵѡ
ҶȴǸӦСèϢ仯һЩûޣСèҲ˽ǧƷˡ
ΪϢûƷǴƷ׼ȷ˵ѾﵽƷڡ
仰˵ٸɵ̵һƷСèΪܹƷ
нްսһء
ðЭոտʼԦΥЭ飬ɱޣʲôͲԷ𣿡
󣬰ٶˮǵŭ֮һģһĺͫȻһĻҲǲ
һɲǣˮͫ۾ˣޣ޳ˣ
ҵЭ飬Ȩ
ˮǵĻû˵꣬ͱҶˣˣˣһǽ׵ˣǣҵͣԦŵġ
ڶ޳֣ҵЭ飬ӦԦţԦӵԱ֮ԣûɶϵ
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⻹ƽ״̬£Ҫȫٴ߶ǵö찡
ϣȥͨƺ֮󣬿뿪Ҷߴһ䡣
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¼ڼصĿɲūࡢƿܡ޸ܵȵæòɿ
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һٵȿ·һ·ƽԭɹֱ·
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ססһҪЭס˵ʵһһģǿУûģ
סඣ¹ǵĺƻΣգɲΣգ飬һɽˣҶ漷üŪ۵˵
һٴӦףһϵĽ죬Υ
¹ҺûɣҶĿ⿴˺ͫ
ԣͫˮͬʱס׵ˣһ㣬ˮʹ߲ԦŵĴ
ƫƫҺĴñӿѲãֻĬӦˡ
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ããʱֵܲݣڣ
Ҷͨۻݺһȭͷͫͨۻξͳ˲ʧ
ҶȴǿֱɫĺëԺлصסˡ
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ͫͨۻ뿪ûãҶҲΪǵСè뿪ˣĽûС
רҵ½רҵȥؽԦ飬ֽһٺʲġ
һΪ±˽꣬߻˼ʮ꣬ؽԦܹЧġ
Ҷ뿪ǰһѾ˽ǧѶʼˡ
һٵĻΪǰԦŵظЩһֱսսģͬĶһͽٵͷϡ
ԣߵĵӣȫ˾Ծ֮⣬ѡĳɫĵӣֻҪһ̶ȣͻᱻɢػ뵱ص֮Ǳޣֻɢޡ
ΪľҪͻ⣬Ԧһ𴫳С
ԱһٴߵĵȫˣȽ츳Ԧ״ӳʮˡ
ָһ£һؼͨӳˣһЩ״յӵȨżӼָ
ʵϣԦڸصĵӳһǧˣһپʹһΪףѸٵ׳Ԧŵʵ
״ʮ֮У˵ʵﵽ˻꺣ӵΪڽͻƵֻǱԾ硣
ΪԦŹ⣬ӵʵǿĹؼ޵ƷףֻҪЩӵλƽԭǰޣԦžͿڶʱڳɳΪһ˲ɺӵ
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ڻѣԦŵ޹Ǳ˵һЩ˽ҶӣңҶ滹ڵƽԭϵĽޡ
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ǰСèݵһҶļһСľͽҶӵĵطͷһ˵˼Ѫ
һ·ϵӦСèƿѾöˣȻﲻǰԸҶ·ĳ̶ȣһ¾ͽҶŪɵ飬Ҳˡ
ȥʱҶ˹һʮʱ䣬ʱҶֻʮʱ͵ɽѾܹڸ߿ңңĿģ޴䶼ˣ䶼ֻвǧ·ˡ
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ӰɲǣҶĿһۣ
Ϣ֮ĸϵҶǰһǵͨ죬߶µı֡
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۵ϢıûҶȴЩˣңˣڳˣ
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ԣҶһ䣬ڣɣ
ǰǸݿ˵ãڱĴ䳤Ϸݣڶ쵱ģ䱾ˣǿߣ˵
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Ҫɱ̣ǵˬˣһĻ㲻֪ĹϴȻ䶼ڵĴˡ
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ɺ޳ܵ¥Ҳɸͳ֮ĸ߲㣬¥Ȼ¥Գ档
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ԣҶȴǿЦڵһУЩݰ
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ʱȻҶ鷳
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ڣҦɭҪԸҶ侮ʯҶס
µΪҶЩˡ
ҶǸϺ꣬ؼʱ̾ԿסҶû뵽Ϻ꣬ôҪ飬ȫȻҶǰôȻѶһʵҶ֮
Ǻˣͨ籨ţҶжѡ
Ҷ˵ﻰؾڣҪ㣬Сꡭ
ҪǿҶĳԺֵƣ
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˵꣬ͻһֹŹޱȵĿ⿴Ҷ棬ֵܣ㲻ǵ鷳ɣ
ǧҪ뷨Ǹɣһλߣ߰Ȼ˵䶼ڣڣû˸ǡ
Ҫȥˣ˻û뵽ǾȰˡ
磬Ҿôɵ𣿷İɣ׼һϷɣҶƶޱȣڣ㷢һѶǺӣǵŵ㡣
Ǻӿ˼Ҷ棬һɻʵ벻ҶҪʲôΣֻܰҶĽǺӷһѯʷѶΪôҶ涼ڷɵ
Լһ֮յǺӷĻѶйһ˵ŵ㣬ϸ߾ס˵Ϊ嵥С
˸֮⣬λأһλߵˣһˣΪֻء
ˣ磬ȥˣȥ̵ҰɣҶ۵ļ˵δ䣬СèϢĳҶĿ£˳ȥ
ԶȥҶ棬ȴżĴֵܣĴ˼ǧˣ䶼˷Ѳ飬͵Ͷ
İɣƾǣֲ
ֻ˼֣Ҷһߵʧˣ۵һҶ˲ϢʧΣ˲صһޱȾ
ת˲࣬ʲôٶȣ


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˵ʲôʱǸͷⶼˣҹߵѲ飬ѰҶӰ˵ˣҶûҵһƬ
Ҹ۵ģҹһȥҵͷ˯죡䶼ǧƲУ޾ʵһƣ
̾һɲȻ˵Щ߿Բ߲ݣǳʱ̫Ҳǻ˵İ
ɲãסˣ㿴ţʱʱ֮һ㣡
ܣ⡭̫ðɣҪǡ
ƣʮһԼһ˯ˣϧûŪһͷҪȻܹ˯һˣ
Ҳãܣ˯˵ţһĹǷ
ݣ
ͻأһ׹ѸޱȵľӹǴĿֲ̺Ĵֱӽܴԭشһ
˯ոͷʱһ飬ģĸ۵
û꣬;ͱˣ쵰ҪɱӴң
ܵ۾صɴЩã
ôķٶȣûصΪʱٶȻûһ룬ٶȣ¾ֻпߡ
ߡ⼸۵ʱܵ۾صɴ˲д˾֡
ô죬ôû뵽أЩµĿѾûӰ˵᲻ҪҵǸҶġ
㣬ҶĲһصΪ㻹˯˯ߴ
˯类û˯ˣ˯һ˯⡭

⣬ǱˣҶ档
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СèٶóǵؽƷʱٶһʱܳǧսѪļӳ£ٶȸԷ
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ͻƵףСèķʱٶѾһǧˣٶȣ͸Էһ򵥡
Լ٣ʱپܴﵽһСèļٶȣԿ쭵ǧϡ
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ûһϢȲ人ƵϾ͸ʧ֮ɫȻǽ߶˼£ҲûκصӰ
˲ͬʱĿ⿴Ϊߵϲ
ϲȴʱʱҡҡͷʾҲûκη֣˵ٴһ
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ͬʱҶȴǹƣˣȻѶѾˣҲ͵·ʱˣ


740 Сèµ츳
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Բѣƾ㣬һصΪ··ɣȲһ⻪һһߴסͨ˿ĺɫ޹С
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ͬʱϲ人Ҳᵽ˼£ȫ䱸ǽ䱸ĶȴҶ档
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СèϰǬйأСͬʱϢҲȱ
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Ҷ泹׷ſԼϢɲǣȲˡ
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ΪȲսһصʱ򣬾ͳսܶصߣصҲսԣҶͻȻ䱩¶˸ߴصϢȲ־塣
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Ҷֻл龳صΪûﵽ۷壬ȣһ󾳽绹ࡣ
أʲôΪҶʲôΪ
ΪֻأҶΪȴߴ۷壡
۷尡չؿޣΪҪﵽ۷壬һ˳£Ҳܴ֮ﵽ
Ȳɴ˿֪³ɼҶʱҪĪ
ǣûȹȲһ𾪹ȥٴαˡ
ɫӡ£ҶɫʸȻӲɢ˰
ĺɷ鹭ĺɷʸصߵͨ似ҲֱӺ䴩
ңʸԸֶܷƷȭʱȻƣԵ氡
ǣȻֱɢˣ
ͬʱڳϲһ䣬СģƷͨ似Ԫƣޱȣ
Ȼ˹Ȳϲûκθⳡս˼人Ľ䱸ܱߵΣһ룬ȫ֣
ϧǣûһɲǣȲ۾صԲǼ˹һ㣬Ӷˣ
ղҶĳһԪֱ˹Ȳ֧ɷʸȥδŹȲͷĺ¡
Ȳμˣеĺɫ޹һΣͷ·ǹһɫӡ
ڹȲ뷨УҶԪǰ֧ɷʸҲ˺̶ܴȵġ
޹֮£϶飬ͿԳƷ
ȻǣҶɫӡͷµĹУϢȻʼǣȿʼٵ
һɲǵʱ䣬ԪԭЩ˥ϢͱҶոĳʱϢҪǿɢһֲּ
⼫ֱֲӾ䱸ܵڳϲ人ơ
ǣѾˣ
飡
ǿʱҶԪѾ˹Ȳеĺɷ鹭䵽˹ȲĻ֮ϡ
ȲصĻ׵ҶԪƵҵײţڶ
ǹȲȲ飬ʱѾþȫûյĴݣ
һ£Ϊ̫֮սҶȲ֣һһĻ׵ʱ似Ҳźܴȵˣʵʵ䵽ϣԸԴµĺǿȣҲɲ˶˺
ǣڵȴΪںĹУʱʱ̿УҶԪƶΪ˷ԪĻ۶ɿĻָ׳ţ
ȷԭȲķҶĹǰˣһĲģǰȴڲͣĻָ׳ţȲķȴڲͣıţģٵһ
ʱҶĹѾǵʮˣ
ۣ
ѪĽ
µĽϱĹȲһֱڳظǿҶһеĽ
ȡ
Ȳȵļֻһ֣͸Ȼֹ
˾һһ㣬ҶԪֱıѪˮĽ֫ķɡ
Ԫƿ֮Ŀֲ
ԪƱһȽӹ似ɷأǷ빥ɫƷͨ似ͨɫ
ҶĿǰӵеƿͳ׵̥ˡ
ƿԪڹвϵĻԪ׳ָӳϵս
ʱϲ人λϵıһ㣬ֱӾɵ㡣
人Щǰһģ˲Ϣ佫۵£ԿǲҶܴڵλֲڸĻþ
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һУ
һУң׷ȲҲйϵսΪǿŵӣһʱԽնɱλصߡ
ǰȻҶһƸɱˣ
ҶΪߴأҲܱһƸɱˣ
Ϊ˵Ҷ棬ǣܹȲףһƺɱ޿ܣ
人пֹʱʢ˼£㡭㵽ʩչʲô
ɱڵߣɱ⣡
ŹȲɱϲ۾رѪһƬɷǣ۷Ϊ˲Ϣߵ£˫ʮָӡµһ۳һɫɽ壬Ҷ棡
ӡɱ
ʱҶͷһޱȵǵغҶ棬û뵽ϲϳϣҲϵ
ӵƿҶԣԸ򵥡
ҶһǵĻХ

ƴСèشҶͷܳܳɲǣ;ͿʼٵıǣҶ滹ûӦʱ򣬾ӭϲӡ
һҲҳϷһӡº䣬û˵꣬ϲ;ŵϴޱȣЩˡ
顭Ȼޡ
ҲһɲǣѾԳСè͵һצ̽
ۣ
СèצĻ£ϲϢֲӡȻֽһ㱻˺ɷ顣
Ȼϲ人˾ޱȵĿУСèǰצ谭ϲͷ¡
ͷϲһ˫ַһͷһֲӡ赲һģ
ǣӡ⻪꼻һһ㣬ֵɲǣֱˣ
ȻѪ֣
䣡
ضҡһĺȻ
ϲֱӴк䵽˵棬ֱӱһţ
ŵǸѪĴӣͻȻ䣬Ҷˣ
֪Сè֮õ츳ˣ


741 濪

ⲻܣô
ԼʦֶȲʦϲһɲǼ䡢Ǻ޷ı⣬ڳ人˲Ϣͱˡ
˶ҶĹֵļţ䣬ηһٵ
ǱŻˣ
յйȽ׵֪ڽ춼߸ˣôҲ벻ҶҶŵĵȻԼʵһֻͣ
Ц֮ǰƲ⣬Ϊһλߣڣףĺı
ǧѹǱҶĿֲ͸ģЦǣŵļٺžӢϼһǻһƶҶ汳ˣһλֲĴڡ
׵ɲǣ人ƵĵһӦӣжԶӶԶٲӣģ
ǣȫγɲǣҶ۾һб΢΢˽š
ŵɲǣһεɫ⻪ҶΪɢ˳ȥ
ش
ͬʱոճ人ζһŵ¾ǹһСɽһ㣬ûק
人Ƶ鶸رþޱȣ۾صɴΪոֱʦϲѾ¶˺ס˫ȣ
ʹ人ƾ;ֵĿ屻ֱ˺룬ġΡѪգ
ǰһڣͳ׵ʧȥʶ
Ǳ
СèҶҲһ𾪣ûأСèͽս
Ҷ֪Сèµ츳ʲôˡ
£ںѪΪ֮츳ֱ仯һ츳üǿǻµ츳
Сèǰ츳ͨǿԼٵȵȣںѪΪ֮ҶϸоСèһ츳ûκεı仯
ǿֻǿķΧˣǿСèΪʵ֮Ӧеı仯ûκαϵļǿ
ȻҶˡ
ڻת䶼·ϲԹܶãӶԹСèп츳
һ
ֱμսҶûָӸ֮£СèܵķԼսҶ˷֡
Сè츳ֲ츳
ʵͨ£޵ܴΪ;޴һ㶼ԽԽ
ǣǿԵģΪȫԿǿˡ
صϲΪӦƷǿ󣬵Ҳ޷ƾϲͨ似
Сèȴԣ
ҶĽͨ״̬֮£Сèŵ״̬ʮǹϲ人Ƶʱ򣬶ûжһ˿һ
˶Էͨ似ס⻹㣬ֱӽĵݳһ׵Ĵӡ
ҶƣһɽҲ˰ɡ
ҶĿǰȫ޷ıֻ˵Ǻǿǳǿ
һצȥƾһλ۷ǿߣлķͨ似
ĺǿǳǿҶƣһĿ߶޷ɵһǺɱһλ۷ǿ߰ɣ
ҪıҶԴǰСè˽⣬Сèͻ֮֮ǰӦǧϣǧ
Сèϳ˾˵ı仯ӦںϵѪйأϾںϵϹŵĺѪǲȫģҲֲģ
İ˵ĴָȫƷ䣬ߵ龧ҩѹһգִʮ׵ΪӽСè
СèĽ˼£̵ʮԲһ£ûκα仯
ХһСƴСٴԾҶļͷȴҶסˡ
ȻСèЩίһʮɿĴ˷ɿİסһǰצȥ
˫צϵѪɾƵҶ濴˿Ҷͷ֮󣬲ŻԾҶļ
СèһԽԽˡ
Ҷҳһ˿ߣҶ⼸ָһǰ
ҶռĴͷĶ̫ˣЯĴָͳö´ģȫ
ÿָϴһöָɧ飬Ҷǲϲģ
İһӣҶѪ۵ԺţĿա
֪ڳϷķɶܹϵ
ʮϢϢһӣ
鱨ĴƹڳϷ棬λֻĻָ塣
ȻҲûţÿ䶼Ĵ֪ʲô
һ㣬ҲҶĵġ
ҶƣҲǸɴѹԴ
䶼ԭలµģһεĹʤٲңҲһվɡ
ǣϣͱ΢
ҶƣǧҲΪԭ̬ȱܾҲͬ⡣
һ㣬ҶѾˡ
µ˵ǧ۵ѾܼᶨˡҪȻԼڲϢĵҶһͷʱҶҲ군
أҶͷ͵һ˿¶ǽͨʾס
̧ͷȥɲǣһҫ۵߸ٶȼ죬һ·ϼʮͬзеⶼɳ˦ԶԶġ
ʮϢʱ䣬ⷴӦҲǹģ
Ҷ涸̧ͷĿͶѸٽӽĸɣλǺ鱨УΪﵽһغڵĿߣ
ͻƵ֮Ϊһʵı仯ԣÿһߵΪޱǿġ
ԶԶģī׷ѩһۣҶ͸Ӧ˸ǿ
ͬһɲǣǿϢѾԼԼĸӦԺ߳Ѫɫһ䣬ٴμ٣
е˼֮󣬸ɵξͳԺϿա
Ժεɲǣɵһͺˡ
ΪڳϷҲǷͬһ㣬ɷ֮״ҵλˣûбŭ
˵ŭǿѹȥ
㡭Ҷ棿
֮ʣĿһҶ棬λߵϢɲǣҶ·ܵػһһ£Щ˳
λߵѹѾйҶϣ
˵ңҶ۾һơ
ΪĲ˳˵ЩͣҶҲһɲǽҶһԿߣ
Ѿҫ£һʱֳԪʱԺ
ˣҶ滹ֳһڵϬ֮ϣʮڣάһȦش
ʮ׷Χ֮ڣǸϮĹܵشӰ죬ͬʱֻҪҶתشʱԷת˲Ϣǧס
ɲǿߣ۾һУͿҶļʵżֵش֮ͦӰ
Ŀ˷΢΢һɨɺȵʦɣϷһȫʬ
ԣҶ۾ٴһУɱǣõʦ֣㣬ӣ
ɵİü˼£εӿ


742 

һŭ߳һ۹ĵ죬һʵʵɷֱҶ档
ʵϣȴûκζλͣԭأȻƣ
Ҷ棬ѹûͨ״̬֮£仯仯Ҷָơ
ڸŭȵɲǣҶ֪ƣ
ŸɺɵҶȴЦҾ˹ˣûڵʱϴµҪҶ棬ҪҶɱ֮졣
޲÷䶼ѰҶټ
ڵãҶǰˣȴֲҶˣǺε
˵ţҶǸһ˿ϷʵЦݣѵҪҶ治ҪΪ˵ӱ𣬶ҪҶȥڣ
ˣ
ҶһƤ࣬ûŭ֣ˮһӿ˷Ѱſĵط
û취ɷ˸Ѿɱϲ人ơȲͬĴ󡪡СҶ棬СҶ棡
ӦҶһغڵΪϵΪǰһУԲҶһܹġ
˵һһغڵߣǵĸУʮһغڵߣҲ޷սʤϲ人ơ
Ըţµһ֣ҪԸһ֣кֿܶܡ
пҶǰնɱǧʱͬҲп̵ĸ߲ǣҶ棬ֻ׳һԸնˡ
ɴӽӵʾѶʼϻ·˲ʮϢʮϢʱ䣬Ϊֱءءصϲ人ơȲڷ
ս߰۷ҲӵУʮа˾ǿ֣߳ԣʱĸɷǳСģ
Ϣģһ̹µСɡ˸һ¹âǿıƷǧޡ
ڸɵ뷨У϶һλߣλ߰صߣ֮ԷˣڸϢ
Ȼ˲ǾͱϷʩչ֣Ƚ
ɶ߳һ΢΢ǰ壬һһīɫĴӡҶ浱ͷ¡
һΣĳˣ
ȻĳˣҶλһصߣһĿСϺס
СϺףһƾͿ
ԣһЩĵĶҶµģȫע˷Ϊ϶Χ϶Ҷֻնʵ׼Ӧ˷͵Ϯ
ҶоȴһһƸ£ʱһµĸоһӡоǵأ
Ҷʱ˼£
һУһԪƾӭīɫĴӡԪӭȥɲǣҶеľѾɢȥϢһһǸָ͵˳ȥ
ָīɫӡ֮ϡ
Ī²ɢīɫĴӡʱͱ𵴵һһ㣬Ϣͬһʱ̣һ·ԪеԪƣīɫĴӡײһ
䣡
īɫĹ⻪ҶԪƵɫ⻪ͬһʱˡ
ʱעȫ˷ĸɣҲʱһҶ澹ȻܹĹʵЩ⡣
ǣѾˣ
Ҷ浱£ҶȴΣյգһ־ȫԸ

ХУҶͷСè˶һ˸ɣ˳ɲǣ˲ϢʹӰƴСǵ˶ʮ״С
Сèһͬ˳ģ˶ĳɫ⡣
׼ȷ˵˶ĳɫǱҶ˦ȥģʯͷһ˿߸ɡ
ͬʱϸСһ¡
ͻı仯ҲɶʧСèϢøɴһ
ޣȻǿߵޣѵһˣɫ䣬ףķˣΧûֲֻƷޣ
Щûڣ̫ˣȻûעҶͷǸƴСС⣬Ȼһͷ˿ֲޣ
˹СèɵȻӦСèǿֲΣκһֻ޶ܱӡ
ͬʱССǧʱ̹ⱬ䣬ɡһſɡɰǧޱīɫ⻪
Ҷ׳˶ĳɫ⻪ΪߣȻҲע⵽ˡ
ע⵽ˣǸɲûӦԡ
ΪѾϿųɫ⻪ֻĳëޣ壬֪ʲô͵ޡ
ڸɿߵӦУֻ޲ûκϢҲûκϢһ㣡
ɾԲΪֻëûκϢ
ս̫ḻˣսУκˣǿСû顣
Ҷ׳ֻĳɫޣ϶Ҫõģֻ֪ˡ
ֻëǱҶ׳ģٶٶȣֱʮǧ
Ѿ˵˸ǰֻëɻʮԶ
Ȼľ룬;˸ɳӦԵȺ˳
ǧסֻϢֲޣٻֻĳëޣң֮ʱԲ࣬ԿߵʵܼϢûС
ò˵λߣսϣ绹ǷǳĽġ
ǣսٽû뵽Ԥϵһ£ңĳ̶ֳ϶ԣֽ춨˸ɵİܾ֣
ǸɵǧޱɰǧɫһĹ⻪ɲǣҶɵͷëޣ
׼ȷ˵ֻͨۻܣϸС̼£ͬһʱ۾
۾ɲǣޱȵŰޱȵɷʱһɲǼ䣬ס˸λߵϢ
ֻͨۻ۾ɲǣֻëֱܲͬʱǰף˲Ϣ͸ǵ˸ɵͷ
ոձֻͨۻܱϢĿ߸ʱɵۣɵֻ֮࣬ûһ˫ۡ˫ȡͬʱסĻ׸¸±죡
סɲǣƺʶʲô۾صɴʧҺ
ոֻͨۻⷢ͵һ
ͬʱһֻצŸɵͷ£ǧû˸ɵĴ߶ǳǧϰٵīɫһצͱСè˺ƣצֱֹ˸ɵԴ
ֻͨۻֱֻ۶Կø۾صɴ˲Ϣͱþޱȣ
飡
ͣ
Ӳ·ķֽȻͬͬһʱġ
ͷ嶯ˣӲŲһԴ뾱飬Դֽ֫Ҳֻͨۻֱ˺룬Ѫ쭣
ֱӱһʬ
أɷɳԴһѣһѿзɳҡҡλξޱȵľɳԺ
Ҷͫһ󾪽⣡


743 ߵ
⣬֮󣬽ɢ곹׳֮Ĳ
ߵǷǳģһʧȥıܵκγ̶ȵ깥ͻɢ
ɢĽ𣬳׵ʧֻڴ˵еֻضܡ
ԣΪûͻƿ֮ǰÿ˵궼֮֮ڻ꺣¶
ҾأһֱӹҲɢ쳣
ߣ˵깥һ¶һ˿磬һ˿ԪĲܹɢ
ΪһͻƵ֮߾Ϳͨط׳꣬⡣
һ㣬ɱ겻ôҿʱʱ̵̿ꡣ
ַ֮깥ʱòǺǿǿ깥һ顣
ȴҪҪá
ߵöǺ壬อܼǿģˡ
һ⣬ͻ׳ߵԪͻһȵǿԪԴﵽ꣬߰˰꣬ͨۻܹǧ꣬ҪԭǾΪͻƵ˿
һĵڶþй깥ġ
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Ϊֽӳֵ깥飬ġ
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ǣеٶȱ죬ҸλΪոմﵽһغڵߣⱾͺС
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Ȼǽɿܣ⣬׳Լ꣬Խǰһ˿⡣
¼֮Уط¼һ׵ս⡢н
ս֮󣬾Ϳٵط׳Լꡣ
¼Ҫοйأʩչĳɹʩ˫ǿйء
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ԲִżĿǰҶ֪Ψһһ׳
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ķ˸ɵ⡣
ҲǸԼù̫СҶ棬ûҶ˴١
ҶӳֻͨۻҲǼĳ䲻⣬һĶͻȻͷ
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ֻͨۻܱҲ޼ĴڣټСèһ̥ޣֻ޵Χ£벻ѣ׼Ҳֻʱˡ
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ʮϵһҶ㽫£ٶüƷӳɣҲն⡣
ҶԾģȴСèı¡
ʮϵ⣬Сèֱ˺ϣӣСè˺ĵԽԽ
һٵϵ֯һСèʱСè޷һɲǼ˺⡣
һ޷˺ϣͻԴԴϵĵȥԽԽԽԽ󣬾ȻֱӽСèŵô˻޺Ҳ޷
ֻҪҶ㹻뽫СèþͶáֻСèʱҶķǳĿ졣
ңͱСֻҪȲ̫ⶼ֮ɽѹ
󣬻Сèһ˲ϢӶʮ׵ͱƴСſ
ʱΪͻƵ֮СèīɫǧޣѾЩηˡ
ֻͨۻܣҶ߶ǧ֮£ֱӱһ㣬ǣȴСè׵öࡣ
һӿͻἲٵڣٶȻÿҶǿȡ
˵ԭ
߳еȻ
ǧ޵ãҶԵ̾һ䡣
ҶϵĿǰֱƷ񴸣ƷãʵսãǰԿ߸ɵǧޡ
÷ǳǿ޶סôҲ⣬ֻҪסһϢͽþԵĻᡣ
ΨһϧľҶĲľܽǧ޵ӵ¡
ˣҶֻܽǧ޴߶߰˰ٵ⣬ɷǧǲˡ
Ҳˡ
һҶһϱۣȡϱ߸ɵĴָͬˮһĳ˴ָϵӡ
Ȼɵûȫɢʱⴢָ֣ʮϢͳɢöָϱߵӡ
̽ɲǣҶסˣ⿪ߵңȻ


744 齣ɷ
۵ģǴָƷӿĿռ䡣
ƷڵĿռǳ߸ףǰöߵĴָ͸ǰףǳȣȴﵽǧף
ǧס߸׵Ĵָ䴢ռֱӱҶƷʮһ൱ʮƷ䡣
΢΢һҶӡöָ֮УöָʱΪҶƿء
ƿصɲǣҶһϲ
⾹ȻһöƷ䣬һ
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ɵС˭ЩȻЦһ䣬ȻǼҶϵĻ񣬵ʱѹ벻Ҷ澹Ȼǡ
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748 ù
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ʱ׷⣬Ժʱͷ
ѵ׷ɱˣ
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ͬʱҶĴżϷʵЦǰ
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ͷһʱ߶˼£һС̫һĿҲޱȣ
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ǣ⵱ڣҶӡɣһһɫԪƾͽϵĸ˷档
˲Ϣ䣬汻ԪƺýϣϢĹ򣬾ͱҶϺ䵽˵£˫ֱӱ˵֮УҶԪƻԴԴϵĺ¡
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ӢĻ׾Ǵֽһֱӱ˺ƣȻ󣬶ӢعǷǶϿֱӷַ·ʯĥ
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ۣ
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750 Ļ
ƲУһ´µӰأ´µӰüͷһ壬һ˵֮ǰξƾģ

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ӽĻεĵһŵʱҶݽȥʱ򣬾;㵵ķ֣Ļεһŵ龳ߣȫ赹ڵأŲ֪ʱѾˡ
˽λǣ
һҶʱһ̰ƮĻεͨǰвһ࣬Ҷٴο˱ιȥ龳ߣĻ꺣ߡ
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ѡԸʮǰȥǸңң𣿡ں֮࣬״ֵҶֻһ£ô˸ӣ
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Ǹˣȴһҳ׵Ĵ˳
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һֻ֪ͷūţһǰҴһڵūţұΪΪλĲ࣬зҲɳΪǿߣλڣʱһū࣡
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ûһУҵģֺѣ̾һ
ںθһ˶ȣ˵ѾõǸϹģҪǷǼ˵Ҿ;Բʧȥ
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ںһ㣬漴Ǳβ͵Ķһ㣬˻ǣģ
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Ҷ棬ܣ뿪ͬʱɫһ䣬Ҷ
ܣΣںЦһ󶸵ظһֻ޴ĻӰ⻪һһɫ⻪شںķϷɳ˲Ϣ⻪ǣĴҶ档
ҶȴͷҲûأŽķЦ£Ǿģûǲߵģ
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Ҳһԣ
ҶޱˬĴЦһشӳ֮£ڼ̵ʱڿ˰׵ľ룬˪ٴһںͷ£
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ںͫһ飬һһֻݵĻͳҶ档
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752 ǽж

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˵ԩ㣡鵤ֽҲֻŵĴȴߴʮţô౩鵤Ҫʲôʲôǧŭ
ڴʱˣǧеԴƺδʧȥʶƵգ۾
һǧ۵ٴһߣңɵñ׵ĲЩ㵽ռ̶ٺôл꣬ͽˡ

ǿŻڵѪԴһޱȵļХȴûκôǧһףͽǿűסԴ˸ոոϵó¡
ģϷһ˵л꣬ѵ˶óɭɭЦһͱԴ뿪
ǧ۵ĿȴǿҶ棬ûϴƷǧӦڳϷɳеıɣ
Ҷһǹĵ˵ͷûϼһıոյֻûȺأˡ
һΣֵǧ۷ˣҲû뵽Ҷ澹ȻֱӵĳϣΪҶأȫ֮⡣
˰ΣǧЩĶҶһۣˣ֮ڣɹٴһǧܵĿ΢΢һξƾʧ
ˣ磬ھչһСģϴϴΧҪ̵ٵֱϵϵˣԼϰˣǱնɱ
ǰεһЩ̵вҲܵ˲Сǣüʮ˱ְְܽ
Щ˽֮󣬷񶾵ԣŻ±̽Ρ
һʱ䣬еĸоģҪǺˣһȨ
һȨһλԵΪƷɵƿأ˵Ʒɴǰǽǧ۵Ľ

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κκɣһλߵԾ춯ص飬һ֣Ǿǲݣ
ҶĿǰΨһģǾܵʱ䣬ҶĿǰյԴһ֮ڣΪսһηԾ
СèĿǰֻƷΪСèΪܹͻƵƷʱֻҪƾСèٶҶСèļӳ֣Ҷκһλߵ׷ɱ
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ִȴһĿЦôһƤĸоأ
˵˵ľӣȥȡʮĿƷľȥȥ
֣ǵãƷƷеķϵҲȫ±龧ҶŶִ뿪ıӰߺһ
ڶִӰʧ֮ҶٰľϵЦ˲Ϣȫ֮һأŵ겨
겨УҶԪ޴֮ϣѸٵ˳ȥϢĹͽ˸Ķڶִ±ʮȳҪϸСʮ֮ϡ
ȻҶŶִµĽŲһ·ƶ
ʮڶִ±ȳҪϸСʮҶ淽ŽŮʱĴִµıĻʱġ
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ȻҶ¥رͷҶƻеص㣬ӵľˣ


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Ҷֻڶִ±ıȳҪϸС֮ϣСѹ޷ӦߵΪϢ
ִǹģҶƣŵʮа˾ǿߡ
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ɫ·ٲһĴӶִͷй£ˢϴһ㣬ϴŶִϵһи
ͬһɲǣҶһΪɫɢ
⺣ɫٲϢʱ䣬Ϣʱڣִ¼ǴͷŶˢϴһ飬͸һζ
Ҷɫرڡ
һ㰡ڶִϵһͱȫѡˡ
ҲҶ淽ڶִ϶ʱ򣬶һ˼ĵҶ涤˺Ƣλá
һǳµĸ壬ж֣ΡΡġƢֱӦľˮ
ӤĸʱڣΡΡġƢ̺һ˿֮һڵ֮ͻᱻ׼һմȾΪ֮
ͨڵ˿֮ǳӦһ·อȷǿɰǧ̺ĺ֮ͷǳǿʢ
Ƣ࣬Ψһ̺ĵطκԵĹƢڶ̺һǿʢ
߽Լ壬һǴɵ壬пܻȥӲΪ塣
ԣҶڶִµƢλöʱҶһͽ֮ʣ˶ִ±̺һ˿֮С
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ϵߣִ¹ĵһȻ󣬾͵Ⱥ⡣
ϵһһһ飬Ȼ߶վԱߵĹ֮ȡһöָһͷȡһöڻ⻪£ת˻ػ
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һ⣬Ϳٶ֪ͨ棬ҶĿǰĲرķʩӦķʩ
Ҫ֣ʱֲķ֡
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ȻߵκϢĶҶǰĨȥˡ
ҶһϼĴָĸָҶ޷ʹõĶÿĹһĵҩĵرһ
ȻϡȱļмֵıҶǲóģҶóǣ඼󵫲ȱĸɫҩĵرȵȡ
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գҶֻ߰ʮƷ龧£õ˶ִһһٶ
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ȻҶЩƣװһϲɫ棿
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ҶǣһҶ٣ȻֳҶ汧һλȻȫ߶һٶͨͼǰ߶½Ҷ档
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СӣʶľͽĴָǿķųתҪȻ
ҪȻǾͽ㳹׵ĺɱɢ׵ĨɱϣһȴҶֵģȴǰͬϵˣΰסҶ档
ǣͻܵԶԶģɱ֮Ҷ̾һ
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ҶǶسһ˿ζЦݣǿʲôһɭͷͻأĳҶǰ
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ХɲǣҶ߾ͬʱԴʹļ⧲֮£ȫ˵Ҫ˺ѵʹ࣬ǿߣҲ޷ܡ
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ҶЦҡҡͷһƷķϵ
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һ㣬Ҷֱ뵽Сèڵ۲£ǳ
ʱʱڣʮƷķϵʮһƷķϵͱСè̳˸ɸɾʮƷ븹СèΪϢһ˿ԵҶĸӦУѾƷڣƷڽӽ
Ȼڷ֮ǰСèΪѾǳӽƷˡ
ʮĿƷ֪ܲܽΪͻƵƷҪĻϵ飬ҿɾ͸аˣ
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ȻҶͱЩ졣
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ʵϣһƷ֮ΪֻƷϵ
Ҷ뷨̫ˡ
ڴϵƷǷϵƷʸ࣬࣬Բ
֮£Ҷ˽ͨ״̬ϸĹ۲СèΣûãҵԭ

ԭгɵɢСè֫ٺÿһͷÿһѪ֮С
ȥɵĸʣձСèΪϢֻһɳͷ
ˣҶҲСèɵôԴ֮ΪʲôȻԭˡ
Ϊ󲿷ֵСèˡ
ҲǣСèǱֲ̬ǿȣһצܽߵĹ顢ãġ
һŽһŵιţСèΪȵƷ޽ӽţǿҲһֿԸ֪ٶǿţϾһһ㣬ܡ
һֱιڣһֱι죬ֱƷʣһŵʱҶ͵ĿһĿ䶼ķ
ʱˡһһ䶼ǵҹ


759 츳ѪϢ
ʱҹ䶼Ͽգ䶼úġ
ȻҲ⣬Ǿ¥ռݵ¥Ϊ㣬쵽ɽڣ¹ˮһ˹ȥҹУ
ԭأܼ򵥣¹¥ΧǸ򣬿һ󶴣ųǽԺڣΨ¥ҫΡ
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жƽܴҶ治òء
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ȻСèһһ쿪һ㣬Ķ¥Χ¹⣬ʱһЩۡϹҵķƻи˼ҵĵƻ⣬䶼ͱһƬ
Ҷ滺ı۾ƲбĿҹʱ֣Ƕֵʱ󲿷ոջ಻ãء
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ھôһڴ֮ǰҶ滹ͬһڵĶŹֿظң÷֡
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ҶʣͽͲһȫ˵˳
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ǺǣҶͻسЦ¥ٿҵ˭


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갡ļУּҵЩߣҲûҶ˿ֲٶȡ
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ָУֵǮĶӦɫ¥ɫĲرͨзණҶͿö֮Ľ¥Ĳرˡ
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ɽ˵꣬ҶĿѾվڴһѪɫִλִڣ̹棬սʱϿӦδã
ն
̴ٵĻشʱڵ¶Ƚ˼֡
Ǿִн̹ɣ
ҶɽһѪɫ˲ʾҶ浱ʱûеɱ;ÿԻû뵽Ҷڴʱɱ
Ҷֵ̳֮ʣ¿Դģ̳ɽĸġ
λִһ£Ҷûκɿڵ˼һĳɽԴʱ͵ϣ
һʱ䣬̳ڵĸ߲ǣ޲Ȼɫ
ȻޱȵͬʱҶ̳һɽģٲĺô˭ҿʲôݣߣ


782 
䶼̵ʱڣɫɲ԰ޱȵĽǧһѶʱʱĸֳһ˿ϲ⡣
ҶСӣ¾Ȼû뵽Ȼ̵նɱɽִ֣
˵СӣȻһóһٶƷ龧ʹͳ̳ߣңǽű壬˵ٴּأǱ»أ
һոյرǧͻؾ͹ЦûûЦ˾ˣ־ҵĿ
λͨӰͳϢĳڼǧ۵
뽱Ҷ棬αĨأɢȥ龧ģҲģ
ǧºЦ͵ģʵСһ㣬֪ڰҵļңɻܵޱȻϲ
ҵڣԽԽ¸ѡŮˣȻᣬɱжȣıһγǵΣ֣˵ǰæܸ㶨
Ҷд˱ֺѵǴǰ¥߼鱨УҶں˵Ķͳ˧ȡսʤӰͳ˵
˵ͳ˧ô˵Сֻ̳ˣ
Ų֪֪СӾλãҲûκ⣡
һǧ۵ɫ΢΢һ䣬ϹҪǰʹͳ̳õ壬仰ɾɱˣ
ٺ٣ֻʵʵ˵ѡ
ˣϾͳְɣٲ֣ҹƳ̵ЩһҪԮˣ
ǣ

Ҷ洦ɽӰ죬ԤƵĶҪСö࣬ûٲҶ淢µʹеĹϵ
ʱ䣬ͨԱİ壬̳ͨӡͶҶͳ׵ƿ˳̳
Ȼ˵߻ûҶ棬ͳڶʱڣǾԲΥҶġ
Ȼ׵Ľ˳̳ҶҪʼֽ̳ĿǰΣ֡
̳ĿǰвҪ档
һвȻԷɻá
ճ̳ڻйطɻõ鱨Ҷ淢֣ɻÿɲ򵥣ɲϵĳǷɻĳǿӰӣǿп䶼Բ֮ǿ
ɻռųɵĵ̣ǰһǵķۺĳ⡣
̡̣Ŷɻõ⣬ڴûе̵ĳţڴǰʮʱڣΰͻϮɻá
ǣûе֣ʧأҵʮһǰ̵һҹͻϮһҹͻϮ̳ߣС
̳ʦݣڿսǰڣ͹ռ˷ɻɵĵ̣նɱǿ߳ʮˣ÷ɻʧء
һս¼ȼңŻ̶֣׼ȷؼʱռʤɹ׵̲ɻá
ϣս¿˾תݲĿͻϮ˳Ӫء
ɱóһߵƣûȬ
˺󣬸ǽѪϴ˳̵ʱӪأնɱʮˣ꺣߰ˣ˸˴ˡ
ۣ̳;Ϯ߾ӢһԶ˳ǣҲ׼ֵ亹ֱ
֮󣬷ɻ񣬳˳ʵİռųǵɵ̣˸ǡ
Ҳһ֮󣬳̵ʵЩһֱѹţҲ̵ʵָ
£в֮УԷɻõвǿǣΪɻռһ̫ˣǲҷſ̻ƴ
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ʤ֮Ԫˣʱ򣬲ǷɻõĩգԻԥķ˶ϣʳɻá
£ɻõвȻ󣬵ǰ׼ԣҲѴá
ڶвĿǰŵˡ
ǿɲһˣһεĻᣬǲܷŹ
ǷвģΪǷǳ˽̣һ֣ܾǲݣ
ĿǰŸһĴ¥ĵֲ̣㡣
ǺܶطռȣûռٺôɳȥַֻܿأһЩַص߼еǾǾһսʱ
ԴҹͻϮ֮󣬳ûж֣ӦþڵȴԮ
вǳڴССϰٸÿڡ
滷ɽԴ࣬Դ֮ǣ˻۸ģľγһЩСɡ
СÿڣƽҲڸļзԹ졣
һȴѷĻᣬСڰϽˣܹӻڶʳ˵ռһɳǵĵ̣ռݰɳǵĵ̣Ҳܹòˡ
һˣǰӿҶ濴ҲǳΨһõһˡ
̳ºӡм»رͻأ⴫˸̳ӡ
ʱֵҹҶƣ϶д·һָ磬Ҷʹ˷š
̤ţӡȷֵǷϾŵİƴССèֻʯźӡ˸˵ĺ⡣
һۣӡʹһս˭ҪǸ͵Ϯ̳Իòס
鸱̳ʲôˣҶʵ
̳صرǳ̳ķͼвӽ翪ʼڳǴССߴϰٷݣʱһЩӵͼ۶ۣǵĴСѾһˣ
ʲô
Ҷ͵վڲķͼй¶ˣڼ飿ҶĵһӦ
ԣӡЦҪˣҲݣϸıȶԹӦòǴڲȥġ
ͼе񣬵Ǵܶ࣬ƶҲɶѣңϱ߱עĲҲܴ
طĲʵʲҪǸࡣ˵ӡüͷһ壬ЩԲ׼µ˵˼
ҪЩõͼÿڰⲼͼǷΪǳԴ
ͳͼˣڰǿЩС˵ţӡͽһģһĲͼݸҶ档
һۣҶɫͱˡ
öİţĲһ㣬ܹǳ̳ٲ֮أ
ô᣿̳ôĲͼкôļҪԴӡɻ
鸱̳۵̫Сˣ㿴֣㣬ΪγϰٸСÿڵΪֹҶǳ̳֣Ҷʵ
ΪǿΪǳ̳ʵ㹻ǿ£
ǺȻ֣ǳ̳ʵûǲ²еôǿԤеĳɣǻôҶʵ
£ӡɫرˣ̳ⱳ֮ǿǳ̳ʵóЩССÿںõӸѪƴ
Ȼܾˣٳˡ
׾ͺãĻ֮ˣзɻþǳţ鸱̳һǵϸͼҶͻ˵
̳Ҫ
Ҫҹ̽ǣ
ԣӡɫٴδ䣬̳̫ð˰ɣⲻðɣ̽Ϣ飬ǽصɣ


783 ˻
뿪̳ʱһҶûи̳ӡ˵Ҫ۵̽صϢڳеصٷʮҲǱȲҶġ
ȻǰҶǸǸʱ䵽ȥ
һͨҶʱǱ˺Ժ
ڷݵ󷨣ҶƳӦú٣Ϊ䶼ڣҲֻ¥رĵطŻзݵ󷨡
źӡṩĳǵϸͼϱųϸĵͼǷɻڵһéޣҲע
ҶĵһսȻѡȥɻùһȦ
ƾűǰҶɻڲ֮Ҷ滹ڷɻõ´ص׹һȦ
εǣɻȻûҹµϰߣ˵Ѿϣ󲿷߶ǱޣȻΪڵƣҲʮܣﵽӬļ𣬲Ե϶ѡ
Ҷպӡṩ鱨˷ɻ۾޵ĵط
Ҳǳھƽŵԭ򣬺۵ķأԱ¥¥ҪǿĶࡣ
Ⲽ֣Ǿҵ׼⣬Ҳ͵Ϯ¸ɵЩѶȵġ
ɻõĿⷿ⣬ҶҲһȦ
ĸԲƸǼΪصģɻõĿⷿҲ⣬һΪӵػȻûиݣǣҶҲϢǱ룬ֻҪǱ룬ͻᴥ󷨡
תһȦҶ治ǷڷɻҵµĴ㣬ʱ򣬻Ƕɻõʱ
뿪ɻãҶִӵص׶鱨ϱĳǴССϰټСÿڵĵ̡
ϰټҵÿڣҶ治һһȥǰص鱨ϰټСɣΪͷ
һֵܻᣬڶá
ϰټҰ֮Уǿÿһ϶зɻð
ǵϰٸСϷֳۼҵΧֵܻĺǿ
ԼܹӰĵɵСɣȻｻ֮ӰʮСңӰֻɣ
ɱʵǶԷɻụ̂첻κΣգûκв
ǣһҽǷɻụ̂ǳͷۣҲСϰÿڵ֮
ͷһǷɻụ̂֡
ϧǣͷ˼˭Ҳ˭ΪȡԷµСÿڣڶѣѹûϵĿܡ
ң⻹ǶԼµƿ㣬޷ֱָӣִȥ󶼻һۿۣҲͷЩһֱɲԭ
Ҷһȥãûȴ˸գÿڷܣȴûи߲Ӱ
ڶ˳·ȥҶ˿ա
Ҷһ·ӵص׵ֵܻܲʱ򣬾ʹһ
ֵܻܲڵ䱸ɭϣзɹһֻ׷ȥ鿴һ
ֵܻľڣȻۼϰˡ
ϰ˾۳Ӫ¡
Ҷ溧Ȼ֣Ӫֱֵܻµµµ
ۼģͰֻǻͷ죬ϰСÿڵͷǣȫۼ
Сÿڵʲô֮ģΪ͵ĶصΪΪߵģֵܻĻΪߴء
仰˵ۼϰٺߣϰٺʲô̳ߣҲǿͷѣ
ˣϰСÿڵͷ죬һֵܻᣬӵе߽ӽʮˣСһᣬ֮⣬ȫÿ£һλߡ
ʵϰٸÿĿܺϣȴӽʮˣ꺣߸ǽǧܹ֣ԿһԾΪǿÿڡ
ϲ֣ܳЩСÿڵĴߣϲɢԸԼߡ
ʱͷϰ۲ݣ۵ص㣬ǹϷڳǵĵ̡
һ޴ıײںúôռͷȴûԸⶥǰ߳
ʱ۵Ľ̳Ҹһ治ֵͬľ龧ˣԼҹ龧
ڶǳ̳Ԯ˭£ͬʱ̳ռԮ϶ɳԮɵһǸ϶ʵռ֮޷ס̫
Щ˵ۣҶȴǰԾ̶һϵʱ䣬Щ˾ȻѾϵһǻûЭ棬̳¾д鷳ˡ
ٶλͬʱ̳̳ܲˣҶСè򣬶ˣҲͷסһѡ
ֳƤ¹棬òã£ֳƤֹĳȥҶͲõ顣
ûãһʿ硢ҡص߾;ԴһӪڶվ˾м䡣
λͷλ죬ܷһԣ
˴ۣõĴҲߵͷ衾üͷǺˣ˵ʸ񣿡
ͷ棬ͷľʦλͷ岻һϣԽλͷ֡ҡ˵
ͷʱ߳ΪľʦһССľʦ˵ʸ񣬻ȥ
ɫЩѿһֱԸĦҲͷԭ
صҶ棬жؾ䡣
㻹˵̳鱨Уᵽ档
ϰٸСÿھۼͷ£һϣ˭˯ȣǷɻûǳ̳ƿһЩС
Щ̽ȫƿһСӰƿС
ڵ磬ڳ̳鱨УŷɻõӰӣǷɻ÷ȽСÿڡ
漸ǰɻð׻ͳܽӴΡ
衵̬ȣɽĲصһͷҲ
ֺηͷ㲻ߵһСʦ˴޹ɣ
ЦƾʲôĿǰֵĺüƲߣ˵ţ衺ٺٹЦȻͷˣĳ͸ͷһӣ㽲ϼ䣡
úգǽãɾͱֱͷ˽ҹȥˣ
˵ɣҲĸ߼ֵܻҲЦʵĲһ䣬ܽ⣬һƷ
ԣϲ
ڵص׵Ҷ棬ȴֵĸоƷʹһλصߣɢ޻ǹİ
һƷҲƷ龧ѣ£һƷҲһƷ龧ѡ
λͷʵĿǰҪһ޷̳ڿʱ֧Ԯĳ̳˭ԸƾȥǰԮĳ̳ڵ
ǹļҹĸΪ治ͬ޷ȷĳһɵĽ⣡ŵ˵
ֵܻ۾һߴٵޣ˵
ͬʱ˶ĿͶ棡


784 
λͷȻ̳ʱеκһĪʧκһҶԸ䵱ԩͷôǲɳһ֧ʰ̳Ծҵĺ֮ǣ
ҡ˵ޱȵȴͲõĴͷһڣһŨ̵һֱ棬淴Ӧ죬ȵһ£ҪȻҪŨ̵ϴˡ
ˣǱ԰˿֯ɵ棬ҲŨ̵һ󶴡
ͷȻͷˣĿŭ
ȴںĺһڲˮԿڣ㣬νļƲʵڳţʰ̳˭֪
˭ϰ˭˽ϰ
ͷԸԸҪԸ衵λͷ棬Ǹ
ߵͷɽɫ΢΢һ䣬ͷƷ裬ȴ˿Ͻ硣
ͷҿû˵ͷ£һ䡣
ԣȴЦˣףϴ㲻ǽɣ
Ҳҵ˵·ϵͶ˶ţͷĳٿڣĳ˵һ䣬һ磬òĳͷİ
ģƾ仰ͷͿԡ
֣ҲֵܻĻͻؿˣֵܻǿȨҲһڣ衾Ҳ磬Ҳӡ
ĳлͷ
ķһ֣ɤӣͷԣң˭ҲԸȥֵ̳
ǣҲԸԵֵҿԸһʰ̳
衵һﲻȴۼ⣬ȿڵҸһ֣϶Ҳ⣬˭࣬˭٣˵Ĺִ¡
⣬ÿԽ̳Ĺ
ֵܻڴʱڴ˾棬ô죬仰ŵ㵽֮޷ϵҪ
ļҶϧë뱣ʵļֶռݵģԸԿ

ܼ򵥣˽һ֧Ը̳гĿͷԸʱṩǸˣõһѡȨԵһλѡ񹥴һ
ͬṩڶģԵڶ˳λѡ񹥻һṩٵģǾֻܹʣµģ
˵ţȶһϣŵĳķһ񣬡λͷĳ˷аɣ
УȻУ˹ƽֺķӣ̫ˣֵܻЦ
ֵܻʵǿⷨӣֵܻò֧֣ܲ
˴ͷ°˼һ£Ҳ֧ӣ˵ĿǰΨһķӣ£ҲԻõڶ˳λѡȨѾˡ
µģ˴ͷһɭβ˵ȷʵƽǣʵɴöԣȴƽ
⣬˾ֻʣµġ
ֵܻĿ⿴衣ͷΣ
ͷ°ȴǲ˵ͷǵĳΪʣǸҿڰɣ
˭˵ûʣٺ٣ⷨӺðҲ֧֣Ц
ðɣȻˣһ¾ʵз
ڵص׵Ҷ棬ȴһͷ亹
˵ʵķӲЩͷԵ˶ӣǣӽ˳ɹϵһֱָ̳̳㡣
һ˰ʵȥʱ򣬳̳ܻĻᱻ˸
𲻵ҲǹӲдˣʱǷɻûǳֻţԳɵժӣӮҾԲˣǣ̳
ǰҪȻû̳ǾҪˣҶرޱȣһǵļ飬Ժпʼٵ˼Ըҵķ
ҵĳƤҲҶʶʲôгƤƽϵ߾硣
ҳĿʼǿߵ꺣ǿߵĿ֣ǿеΪ֣۲ݡ
ΪνĹƽߵΪ˻֣һλ߼ưǧ֣߼ǧ֣һ߼һǧ֣꺣۷߼ư˰ٷֵȵȣ˻֣׼Ŀܻ˳
ּƽϵľ磬Ҷʶˣֲ˵ǳ̳ɻõɣڳǻñޱȣҲԭġ
ĽȴЩ⡣
ֵܻ˳࣬߸ߴʮˣ꺣һʮ˻˵һѡȨʣֵܻѡȻǵٵֵߵ龧
ԭʵãȴ˵ڶԭõڶȴ˳ʣģɽ޲õ衾
ЩҶѾˣҶǣЩһճΧ̳ĿȻߴʮһˣ꺣Ŀߴİˣսǳ̳Ŀǰʵӽ
Ҫǵļƻʵʩ̳ҶСèҲǺ
ҶƵǣȷѡ֮Щ˵ĳƤڼ
ͷǲгСһ㣬ҶᣬƻÿһϸڣֹЩ˳ʵִӣͷʩȵȣҶ涼ˡ
ҿ࣬һʱܹġ
ԣҶ뿪ֵܻľԶˣųСèСèڸ߿ңңǺʱƤҲֻеǽ˳ƤҶֵĻᡣ
ҶԼ¶صף˳ڳǵפء
ǰس̳óƾеƷħ뿪Ӳնɱߵķɵѡ
½뿪ǰĳ̳ĸֻῪʼҶţȻСÿ˶Ϊ춯ôţ϶ʱӦѵ̽ʱ
ң̿͸ɢСÿˣȴ͸ϸĳš
ԣҶ̽ŵʵӵҪ
Ҷ㲻ﳤ̵פصʱ򣬺ܿѰҵһΪءؼΪܵľҡ
ڣһŮϾޱȣҶδһһŮһģ
ˣһ˲̫֮⣬
λзεģһλǳ̰˴֮һ˷ȻֻصΪƾеƷԪ󣬾ſߵս
һˣǳ̰˴񽫻ߵϣһߴصΪص㣬صǳ̰ÿλһ塣
̵ǰ񽫣ǿߣ¶棬һʮһǰͻϮɻõĿߣ˵ΪֹƻΪȬ
ŵλҶҲʶһλŵĴħ棬һˣȴŵϼ
أλŮеӿˣһڣҶһ


785 ĸ
ҲǵļƻΣҲʲô֣ʮ֮ڣҪǻ֣ǷͻǰɱҶ棡ΪһڣҶһ
ǰʶʲôޣȻʮ춼Ȳˣһ̵ʮ֮ڲжҪɱҶ档
ϸ˼ۣҶܾǰЩ죬ȴ벻
ûôãò׵ȵᣬԲٷŹһΣҾƴҲҪΪ߶𣡡ͬŮҲˡ
һ䡮߶Ҷ䣬ֵѣҶ˵˲²⣬ҲΪʲô졣
Ϊǰӵü۽ǣȥڹϱҶɰ׳յƲм
Ҷûв´ǰӣӦƲߵĸףŮӦƲߵĸס
ģòʮ죡
ǳ̷ɢ˷ȴ˿˵ߣʱȫ䶼УȻͻдߴ䶼֧Ԯ
죬Ԥгʮ꺣ߵǣʱŵܹ룬Ϳһɱ̳̳Ҷ档ڳеڰ˵˷˵
ƷˣǷģȻ̵ԮܵŵԮҲڵңԲʮǿ꺣ߣ
˵ţ鶸رЩһΣҪ̵ĵ̣һҪնɱҶˣ
µ鱨ҶɻúڻԿʱߵֻȻ޵ʵһͷϵ˺ڻһսֻ׵ޣҶ汳ֵλʦǴôԸ
һֱû˵ϼˣһھֱָģǲӦĴڣʲôȡ̵ĵ̡նɱҶ棬ȫЦ
˼⣬˵ʱЩãŵ
䶼̶죬ǰ죬ŵһλ̫ϳϱԼսˣƿµһʱָܻԣĿǰֻһλܹѿ֧Ԯǣ
һһ磬̵λ񽫵ҲЩڣǳЩʱµ˲ٵ̣Ҫ򣬶䶼ǱߵǣƲС
ԣһ֮ڣֻܲһλ߹ߡ˵
ϷΪǱܹһλ߹û뵽ҲֻһλλߣӦҶ汳صʦЩѡ
˵ֻͣҶ汳λʦ𣬿ܹնɱһ߸ɵĴڣãҲſصΪߣ
˵һͣҷ鱨Ʋ˵¥˴¥ɱλɱҲпҶ汳λʦ𶯵֣ҪĻҶλʦʵǡ
û˵꣬˷λ񽫵ɫȱˡ
ҪĻҶ汳ʦɾ̫ǿˣѹͨĿܹԸ˵ġ
ϣϢȷҪȷеĻ¶ԸҶһ£͵ѺˣϵޱȵϾ
ֻ鱨ŵƲ⣬ǣ֮⣬Ϸʵ벻к˻¥´˶֣ңͬһʧģй̵ĻͳӢɣ
ʧȫҶĳңҲֻжˣЦ
ԣ˷ɫر࣬ӢϵãȴĪ
Ӣ걻ɱ̸߲Ȼŭǡ¥±䣬Ӣ޹ؽҪˡ
ô˵ڵļ鶼ޱȿɬʵϣǾһյĿģҲΪһѡ
ڱޱȳĬʱһλźȹŮӣҲҶƶϵƲߵĸףͻط˼˵Ц
ǷѪûа׷ѣҶ汳ʦǲգһ֣ͽǷԸɣ׼
ʱǿɵǱ֤һҪҶӣǧУǳɻңйͷ֮ţƲĸ彫һҧÿ죬Ǻ⣬ֱҶһּĸо
ʱڵص׵ҶһĿɬ
Ʋ߸ĸƴҶĺ⣬Ҷȫ⣬ϾҶ潫ƲŪ˰׳ա
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֪ΪͻƵƷСèսǿǶΪڿ֮µߣӵı̬
ǣȴҲû뵽СèսȻ˱̬
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ʮߣΪصزȣһɲǼ䣬ҲСèڵͿлһȦʱ䣬ȫСèɱ
һģ˶Դĳϣ˵ģûѾ
ת䣬ҶͨСèս˿ֲԭˣʵأһٶȣ
£е޶ƫƣҪٶȿҪٶǿСèֹ̥ٶ츳ܣںһֺѪ֮ģΪֲ
ֲٶȿЩΪһֱӰղСèƶ켣ֲ̾ˣСèǿֲһźߵʵ
ţСèǺֱײȥѹûԽôһײһײ·ϣ侫ĽʮλߵԴ漰ڡ
СèӦڼ̵ʱڣʮμ侫׼ı򣬲һɱʮλߡ
֣Ҷ澪ϲ
Ҫʣ̾ڣСèһ˶Ըϰλ߹ƶûʲô⣬ǣһƾ鷳ˡ
СèתһȦֱɱʮλߣǰͨۻܸɵλߣڳʮλ£ͻλˡ
¾λߣҲҶġ
ʣ˸ոճվҶ淢ʱһɵĴ׳ֱֱɲǣԴͱĳϡ
û취ƷͨۻܶЩѹԵʵһϻСÿڵߣսͨߡ
̵ǺӻеĿԽսߣһûС
УҲסʵ൱ڿߵͨۻܵĺɱ
ͻأģֵܻĻһޱȵĹµУ
еĺɱ˲ʧƺؼֻʣһҶ档
ЩľĿĹˣ˲Ϣɵˣ
ɵˣ
ǰһɱҶֵǣȫʧˣ
˵ȫʬ壡
еģѾ䵽˵棬еģе䣬Դʬ塢ѪԽسֱԭҪҶĵֵܻʧ
ԭأЩɵ۵Ŀ·ʮʬ壡
ɵ۷ҶûУ
ҶҲûôȥѹʲô壡
һɰǧ⻪Ʒǧڳ̹һƣͽֵܻ˸ʵʵ
ʱγѣſңˮˣ㱰ɣ
һߣôܹ˱ɡ


790 ٲ
һߣôܹ˱ɡ
ֵܻҶһһӡš
⵱ͷµӡŭظȻֹϵѪɫһɲǼ価ȥУʱ˾
ҲΪһܣڳǴƴô꣬ôһݻҵǴչֵʱȴҪ
㲻ΣУ񻺻ı˫Ŀĵȴ١
ģԭһɲǾҪĵԴϵİƣûг֣˼ϢЩ۾ͿϷŵһֻɢſֲϢɫӡٴһ䡣
˵ͻȻָıˣҶһ뿪֮ǰһ;ͱһǧ⻪ġ
룬ҶСè˴ƬⷽԲʮ룬Կ͸
Ҷζر˵ʬ壬תһȦʮǿʬϵĴָȫҶ
ȻЩһﶼҶԺиոոֵǸƻԣҲ⣬ܷŹ
ţҶһӣڿն𣬴űøһֵܻ˲ϢԶȥʧҹС
ʵֵܻܲսʼһ̣ħԪֺɱҶ棬ƽ˷ԲʮｨһʼֵܻܲͿʼЩˡ
ʱֵܻǿ߳˼ոͻƵһصߣȫۼԸҶ棬ȫǻ꺣ߡ
Щ꺣ߣȴħԪǻԵһŻˣʮ⣬κοǰʧ꼰ӣ̫ˡ
ҹĻҳЩѹսĵ׷ʲô£ںսֹͣҶǰСèĴҲЩ˿ҽӽ
ֱСʱСèĺ˿ƶȻɢȥ¶ߵĲ״е߸ǰ̽ӡ
ǲʱɵЩ꺣ߣ
ʱֵܻң

ǳһĿڣһֵܻһ㱻Ҷڵϣɺˮ˵Ҷ棬ֶһȻ
Ҹѡһҵ޵ĿҶָָСèȻأһʮС檣ò˼죬ͻڱ˵Ĵϣ
ŮƾͻᱻѶƹ䣬ֵܻЩ۵ĲƸɱ
ȻĸŮ³ܻһ㣬ûıҪЩ»Щģһʹ졣ûģٺ٣
ҶһЦ̲סһսҶ˵ģ˵Ҫʧٲ³ң
ĴŮǵԵĴСƢ
һˣ亹ʱ˲ʹʪĺ󱳣Ҫǣͱģһ仰˵
ҶȴԹԵ˵ǵһ·ڶ·أҵū
һū֣ø쳣
ˣ˵ū֪ūһ֪ūǷԣʩһªơ
һطΪʩչ֮ʱҪ㳹׵ķſ꣬ʩչֻ֮ҪҪҵ־ͻ᳹׵ĽףǸΥ棬ֻҪ⶯ʱͻɢ㽫׵ĳΪҿƵĿܣ
ȻľͷƵĿܣǲҪģҪһͷǻܹΪҴֵĿܡ
ʩɹ֮㽫ֵܻȻҪʱ㻹µΪЧҶ˵
ѾЩˣҶӡµʱѾһˡ
һɲǼҡֲᡢֲʣʱ֮ͻȻţ˵
ǣҶ̫̣ܣҶǰľżһĿܣһͷת˲ҪΪ˵ū
Ҷ˵ҪͷǻֵܹĿܣ˵ֵܻĻԥ
һ֮֮ϲ
һЩСҵĽ󳼣˻ʵ۴δοͷڳūţҲ
ңֻҪϳΪǰ˵ĿܣˣͶԱȫ
ЩСںŮֻҪǮ龧Ȣʮ˶û⡣
ķŮȴͷ⣡
һˣ˾ϣ˵
Ҷȴż˵˹˵סֻһѡĻᣬܾͬ⣬ûôʱ˷ϣ
˵䣬ҶһǧϹ⻪һס͵⻪ʹɢȥָ˵
·˺ܴľһ㣬ˮǰҿΪЧЧԣΪЧ֮ϣܹ֤Ů뷢޵ġ
û㽲ʸ뱣ˣͺúõΪЧڣֻҪشͬ⣬߾ܾ
߳䣬ҶĴӡٴθţ
ҡͬ⣡ҧ˵
ãſ꣬׵ķſܶκεķһκηͻᵼҵʩʧܣ
ģʩʧҲʧһ㣬ɢ
ԣٴδһ飬²ңԲң
أ˺Ϣƽ֮Ҷ泹׵ķſꡣ
ҶѾǵڶʩչңһһʩչҶΪѾǵһأһεľ飬Գɹֱѹһζһʩչʱǰ㾪ա
żֵܻĲҽУһӹʩͳɹɡ
ò˵Ƿǳϵģ
۾Ҷɲǣȴһ£æʩ񣬡μϣ
ǱҶʩչ֮֮󣬶˷Ŀ־塣
ǺǣҶԼʱ뷨ΪͣʱһƱͻȻͶշͷ
Ϊո̳ӡҶ鱨ֵܻϼҴڵģΪӼˣշĿԻǺܴġ
ȻѾҵĿܣǻҵĿɣҶͻ˵
Ŀ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ҶЦһȡһĨûϢһŴż㵫Ӣӣͳǰ
һӣ񾪵õ˺üˮǰ㣬㣬㵽ǡ
ߣֵܻ鱨̫ˣסȥ֮󣬵һ¾Ǻץֵܻ鱨ţҶˮһˣսһȻϵ˭ҶЦ
㡭ǡ
ûҾҪıҪֹնɱ̳̳̳Ҷ棡
ʲô
ʧɫ˼ûһƨϡ
ΣŷӦ
ϣֶΣʵǡ
ˣʱˣӦÿתֵܻˣٲȥֵܻͳ׵ˣҶ濴ֵܻ÷⻪˵
ˣҽô˵ս°ɣҶʵ
ϣƴƾżħԪ֣ŴӺˮӵһģͻ˵
ҶȴһЦ˻֣ȥɣ
γɲǣʱʧҹУ


791 
Ҷص̳ʱȻǰҹʱ֣нʱǳ̳ڵߣѾˡ
ۻǧ¥ֻǸ̳ӡڷ̳ԺڽתȦʱʱӳһѶ
ǷѶոճûϢͻһͷ£׹䵽Ȼˤ÷顣
Σ߽ͨս˴ָֻ˷ϢŻ÷ѶֱʧȥĿ꣬һͷ¡
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ʲô춼ҪˣⲻǺúõ𣿡
Ҷشʱóüĺӡǧ¥һ
̳ˣ
ˣ˵
һҶ͵̤ӡ˽롣
̳뿪ڿҪַˣǷֵļСȺѶֵܻᡢ˽·ֹǣۼߣᳬʮˣ꺣߳ǧˣӡ
ȸ̳ӡأǧ¥̳µϢͷһλкˮ˵Ĵڴɱˮ˵ӰӶûм
õλΪ˶ȨʱѾսһ
ôͷ衵ǲҲû뵽ĴͷɽȻҲȻɱǺˮΪ
˺󣬸˵ǣˮ˴ֵܻãնɱǿֵܻʧ٣ֵܻȺףҳһţ
ҴңҲ׵ˣǻս̳Ӧô죿ˮˣӦӦԣƺվߵģҪҪ뷨ϵһأ
ǧ¥ͬʱӡҲҶ棬ȴҶĻش
ˮˣ
ҶͻЦһ˸ǣˮ˾ҵʦҪʰң˼Щۣͻһǣ

ӡۡǧ¥ͬʱɵۣһޱȵϢ
ǵĴңȫ̳ʦģ˵ףҲǳ̳ģǻú䤱
Ȼ̳ʦ֣̳£Ǿ䣬ǡӡСʵҶĿӵĹ
ͻɱΪµͷϢģָɵʮλߣ̳ⱳʦʵֲ̫ЩɲСź
䣿˷ʦĴþ棿Ҷһ̣͵˵ǲܾ䣬Ҫˮ㣿
ˮ㣿̳˼ǳûȳ֣ռ˵ĵ̡
Ⱥӡ˵꣬ҶʹֱĴˣ鸱̳ǰ㲻Ҫ׾Ҫмʶ۹ĸ̳Ҫ׾ɵҾҪˣ
ҶЩ⣬ӡǹĨǵҶǰǴǰ϶ԭ̳ɽ̫ˡ
̳֣ʵǡϰˣӡЦЦ䣬ȴһ˿м
װ϶̫ˣϰԵĳ϶һҪװɲܡ
ҶεҪ£ڲװˣ
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Ǵʱǳ̳ĵ֦ó̳ʵ鲻ܣûģӡ˵
ʧأ˵棬˵úã鸱̳ʶȻСһ㣡ҶЦ
ӡˡ
ûǸҪ͵͵֦ΪʲôܹأҶ˵
ۡǧ¥ӡͬʱˣ󣿡
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ҪУҪУһҪУ
ڼ̳̳ߣֳ·ҷƷ龧һ飬ص̳֮ƷƷĹؼѡ
꺣Ǽֳ̣·ҷƷ龧һǧ飬ͬʱص̳֮׹ؼѡһ
ԣӡۻǧ¥ͬʱˣǧ¥Щŵ˵̳̳Ʒ龧άתģһҲңܹõģᳬ顣
ʱѾһʮƷ龧㲹һ֮ʣµƷ龧棬ֻάǳ̳תһ£ѹ
龧飬Ҷ涶ҳ˶ʮӣÿһڣװƷ龧
Ȼǧŵ˳̳һ룬ôҶͶһ㱾ǮҲûʲô᲻ˡ
̳ǳ̳ûô׵Ĺؼǳ̳еģֻʮ౾ƷĹؼ
ȺӡĻ˵꣬ҶһǰһָһҶӳ˽ٱ׵Ĺؼ
Щ
ӡ۾ʱ͵˸Բ
ЩȫҶӱնɱͷֵܻʮλߵĴָѵģЩ˻ȫɢޣЯģֻǱҶ档
ϧǣûһҶܹϵģ
̫ˣ̳ܲѡһۼĺӡʱͶסһƷȷ
Ȼԣԣֵ̳ǣѡߵĹؼҲ޴һֻѡһг֮󣬲ѡ޵ڶҶ˵
ԣӡʱͼˣ´ڶֵл̳
̳»и⣡Щ£֣龧ؼ֮·ô죿ӡͻʵ
ҶһЦЦĿ⿴˸̳ӡ鸱̳㲻ûнķɣ

ӡһ㣬漴͵صͷУȻУȸǿЩİҷѣйؼȻ⶯֮ҪǷԲܸǣ
ȻԲֻ̫̣ҪܹԼסǲڱ֮ͺãʣµģ͵ÿ̵ֶˣ
ȻһĹҲ뷨ӳߣ
ʱӡһļһͻؾͱһգҶ淢ѡ
ã巽ͽˣ֮󣬾ͿٷͷжɣǶ١Ҷ˵
ǣµȥ죡
źӡۡǧ¥ҶЩԶһжܹó̳׳أ
֮ŵԮ뵽ʱ򣬲֪̳ܲܳסأ
С㣬֯ܵĳ̡ŻзɻãҶĿǰĵˣ
ҲҶ´ͬʱϥķɻð׻ͳҲһѶˣ


792 ̳
ɻð׻ͳӵĽѶҴҸϵ´ûվȣһͺݺݵˤӣ
ŭˤģ֪۵Ƣѹû㣬˵͵ˣӲսһ
žһһӡӣ֮ǰϽס
ͬһʱ̣۵Ѿ쳹ôģظ֤ļƻ
һ겦ʮƷ龧㰵пˣƵģոնãͳ׵ıˣ۵ɫѾࡣ
ɫ࣬ڳĺڻͳ콯뻹лнͳͳ죬ɫҲѿ㡣
׻ͳЩ£æĽˤһɲǣ;
⡭ⲻܣһʱ֮ǰһϵͻᡭ
һ룬ԼɻΪش飬û˻Цģ侪÷ɻ۸ոƽϢŭٴα
ܣ㵱Ϲ˰ԼȥڻսսѾ˳ǵİ죡
ʵϣ·ϣͿǵսʱûж룬ΪǳֶԳ̳˹
û뵽Ȼң
һʱ䣬飬Щ֪ӦԵµˣ
֮ǿδ˵ĶйϷһ棡˭뵽ǸûĺˮˣȻһţͳ컪˵
ڻͳ콯ɭɭҲд˵ˮ֮նɱ˵ͷ죬Ϊ˰ͽܣ
ĿǰƵģֻг̳̳Ҷһˣ
һըһλս˵ĿߣʵǷɻ˵Ǻ£
Ҫûд£Ǻˮ˰иǡ
Ļڻͳ콯벢û˵꣬˼Ҳɻ۵һɫرѿޱȡ
Ϊɻ۵ʵǿᣬҲ۷ߣȻνİ벽벽ߣɲĿߡ
ΪǿĿߣűܵļɵ
һԳ彯׳һмʱǰԮֽ룬Ѿˡ
ȻǿĿֱӲˣҴԳҲпߵǲǰ֪ͨǱߣҪȻͳ컪㽨һ䡣
۵ɨһ컪㣬ǱԮ֮£һᰲŵģȻѾң˵˵ôŪô
δ˵꣬һֱ˺۵Уһۣ۵ɫʹ˴䣬ŭų֣ɶ񣡡
ʲôˣĴͳͬʱ¶ɫ
̳Ѿˣ
Ѿɳ·ֱֵܻᡢøĵ˵ĳԱңǿߵ룡һ࣡
Ȼвٵ̣ûˮмֵģЩߣȻ̳ˣǲѧϰٺ֣ҲǷɻʵǣæûԣ
һԵĽͳ컪ȴһȻ̳·Ƿ̳϶飬ҪҪû
Ǻˮ˳֣Ըڻͳ콯һ仰Ͷס컪죬ҲǰҶһսʱ򣬱ˡ
ͽܶôֲʦأ
ڲ̳Ѫƴʱ򣬺ˣͰ˵ҲȥˣҲҪ̳֣
£ͽĴͳɣ˭֣͹˭ͳ죡˵
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ϧǣҹңϢȫɻõõ˳̳˵鱨ȴûѧ̳˵ľֶΣ
Ҫǣ̳֮󣬸̳ӡֳһƣ
Ǿ磬ѣ
֮ĹϵǼٸӵģÿһǿĴڣĻǻ꺣ߣô߹ôѡ
ҲһһÿڣǾŵùģ
ӡļƲߺܼҲʵãѾ̳̳ܵôʮ꺣ÿ˸ԼŵùѷѶ̳ôμӡ
ңÿ˷ķѶ࣬һˣˣ
뷢ƽؾεѣ
ȻƣǺӡƣȴǲһ㣬ɿĴЧǳã
һѶߣɹ˰λߣλ֮У˵ͼ˳̳
һˣںӡһƤ֮£Ҳ˳̳Чҳԡ
ʮ꺣ߵţЧǱֱ̬˽ʮ꺣ߣΪеѡ׹ؼһ̫ˡ
Ȼ¼Уӡ編ƣٴһһѶ
֮ʱڣ̳ߣǳɱ߻ǻ꺣ߡ
ɻóĴͳ죬ɵɵĺ˽ʱֻ֮˴Сֻ֮󣬲ŷ˳̳·
⻹һλǰ̳йͻ߽ӵѶ֮ΪԸӳ̳ת˷ɻãűϢ
ȻĴͳɵˡ
һߵҷһƷ龧࣡
ǣĴ˰ûͬ⣬ǾһƷ龧ҲҶ໨
ɵ£û˸ɵģ
ṩ׹ؼ£Ҳɲˣ
£Ĵͳٴνۣڰ˺һٺ֮ǻѾ˵۵׿ϣ
̳ʲôǷɻþʲô
Ϊ̶ʱ֮ڣ̳Ѿ˽ʮߣյĻ꺣߳ʵѾӽǷɻһʵˣĻ
Ҫγ̳׳ȥǷɻڳڵĵλͻܵصս
ʱ򣬱˵ı̳ĵ̣Լĵ̣ҪСˣ
õȨĴͳͷ׷״Ŵʵ龧Եĵ̣鼱֮£ֱ˷ҷѡṩ׹ؼĴ죬Ĵ
£תһʱĹ¾;ۼʮߣ꺣ߡ
þûãĴͳ췢֣ԸǷɻõߣԽԽ٣
ңһЩ߱ѾߵĴĵ̣ںͷɻýӴˣѾ˼ɻõԸˡ
ǣһѶͷҲص뿪ˣҼļ
ûãĴͳҵЩ̬ȱ仯ĸԴԵڳ̳ǵѶ
ֻѶڵݣһλѣһλȴûɻĴͳıӸᣡ


793 ĸ
̳߷Ѷֻݣһһֵܻʮλλֲںˮˣ̳̳̳Ҷʦ
һ㣬ͽɻĴͳñף
ֵܻȷʵսʮλߣԲһ
ţƤ̫ˣ
ǣŵƫƫַǳ࣬ң˿ֲһλվڳ̳󣬶ɻõǶԣһ޴壡
ӵĵڶҲЩףǳֵܻᡢóɵֵѾ˳̳δԤƻиֵܻ̳̳
һγ̳ԤƵĲޣֻ׼ļ߰ʮˣ꺣İˣĿǰΪֹ߻ʮ꺣߻ʮ
ȵȼӣΪֹ
ɼݷɻõĶ෽鱨ʱ̳ߣԲᳬʮˣ꺣߶Ҳ˶ѣʲôʮʮȫƭ˵ģ
ڶ̶̰ʱɻĴͳĿгʮߡʮ꺣߽˳̳ļ㣬ûһ
ң꺣ԴԴϵĹȥ
յһһѶ֮󣬶һĳ̳ļ㣬¸ϲһ
Ĵͳ龧Ҳסˣ
˵ǣǰѾ˰ҷѼɻõУʮλȻ͵͵ߣת˳̳лһصߡ
Ҫǣ̫ˣĴֻż룬Ȼû̫ĵǼǣ֮⣬Űҷ뿪ߣȻҲ֪
Ѫĸоͱˣ
ңڳ̳һһǰɻþȻһΪĸо
գ˳ڵڶʱ
˵ڶڽ˰֮Ѿβ
ǲôģֵܻƽħԪֱ˺ˮˡ
ȻֵܻŶҶնɱڵȴǸǵģ棬ʱշ˴СʮԳֻɱ˼λ̫СɵͷĿȻֱ̲˶ȫֵܻῪʼٵ׳ϣҲʼ˵ĸ֡
ǰ̳ɻ÷ֱߵ֣ɹļҲԽԽ٣˶۵ĳ̳ʹŴת˳̳
ڷɻĴΪļ̫٣ڳ̳ߺּļ˽һʱջ˼λصĻ꺣֮Ҳ뿪ȴǵģֽ۵ŭ
̳ڣԼμĺѹѹͷҶͻȻ䷢֣ڳ̳ںų϶ĸ̳ӡǸ˲ţ˲õ˲ţ
ԭҶ뷨ӡܹļʮλߣͺˣû뵽ӡȻһļʮλߣİʮ꺣ߣ
ңʮλԣҳŰ˳ɱ֤ߡ
ǽ̳ʵһ
Ҫ֪ڴ֮ǰ̳¥Ǿʮ꺣һʮѣ
һӾʮλߣİʮ꺣ߣȻЩ˵ʵȲԭеߣҲȥ
һ˵ļ룬̳ʵȻɻõʵԲ㣬Ƿɻ붯̳֮ǰ͵úú˼ˡ
ӦԳŵֹҶҲ˺ܶ࣡
ȻĽӡϵǼĪĹϵ
鸱̳£ӹΰҶĳһ򽲾ͷȭһƷȭףΪ˴ι͵ĽҶ˵
ӡһգһ۾ģ
Ϊ̳ὲЦ𣿡˵ţҶʹӴָȡһƷȭףӸ˺ӡ
סȭ׵ɲǣӡ˲伤ˣƾȭףµʵٿɣƷȭףڿˣ
⣬ƷҲˣϣƷ׿ڹؼʱܸ鸱ֱ̳Ҳú鸱̳ܹõΪЧҶóһƷף˫ֵݸӡͬʱ˵
ӡҲǾ˶Ҷ˼ҶаΪҶϵĸ˼һ£
ӡԴʮǰƾԼ쵽˸̳λãȻ²ٹͣһҲûŲ˸ǻñޱȣ쵽϶ĳƺţ
ȻҶ棬ʱͼ˳ο˺صʹͣ
̳ģһΪ̳Ч֮࣬ӡȻҶ
߶ԣѾ˲õĴˣڣ߲μǧۣҲǹʩѣ
ɣúЧٲĺô
˵䣬ҶͽĿ⿴ǧ¥ۣļһ£ǶҲйͣһƷ֪òõţ
ˣҶֲ̬һҶϵܺãǹлǵС
ǧ¥ǽǧָɵ֣ûж£ļֵ˳ʹֻҶ浱Ϊͳ˧ϰ߶ѣ
Ҷ潲йͣʹ֮ʱϵֻҪ¹ͣе֣Ҳճʹͣ
ˣļ˴֣Ͼ׳̳ʵЩ˴ǰڲͬİƷƷԶһҪȫҪһʱ䣡
ңǵдʾɣԶҪɢ鸱̳£ҾͽˣҪһڽĵڽϽ̳γһսܲҶȵ
죿ӡЩԾ
û죡Ҷ̬Ⱥܼ
̳һᾡʱȻܽţҲˣֻҪִܣ¿Ա֤Щ˼Լλϣӡ˵
Ҷ˵ͷǾͿȥɣ
ͻȻ䣬һ䵽ҶУ
һۣҶϾ͸һ˿ϲɫ
յūֵܻĻ㱨Ѷ
ĿǰΪֹѾ׵ѹסţסƣ
Ȼǰֵܻʮλ߲ԪˣǳŻңֵַܻٵ׳
׳֮ǰ״ֱָ̬ܹӵֻµʮλߣҪָڵߣҪֵܻ˵ĸÿͷͷԣңִȥۿۡ
ҲֵܻȻǿ󣬵һֱԭ
ǣһβͬˣ
Żᣬֱӽǰ󲿷ֵܻ˵ߣʧȥ˰Щߣֱֵܻ£ֱָӵĵϵ
һЩڵÿڣǵİҲڻսĪȻµҲĪĹĸߵֵܻ
սֱӼֵܻ߳˰ʮˣ꺣߳ˣʵǣ
£ϱ̳ʮλϴǰҶɵڻսʮˣǰС˵УҶУ
ҾݿɿϢɻһζУļĿʮˣ
ڴǰֵܻµˣȻµͷʵ𣬼ʵ
ŵԮʱ䵽ʱ䣬㹻ܶˣʵҶ⣡


794 Ҷ
Ҷˮ˳նɱõͷУһҶʼϲġ
ó̳ĸ߲㣬õСޱȡ
Ϣľңǿ˷ֱӶ˷߸Ӹ߼ľѶϵǰ˷˾⡣
ԭܼ򵥣ôϢĴͷɽ֮նɱ
ţܲľѶȴˣ
ˮȴϢǱ룬ֻһܡԵصף
óǸĸ߲Ǵʧɫ׷׸ıԼľԡ
ֱӵĺҶ⼸ûκν
ĴսѹҶ汾⼸ٰԳ֣̻ŵĸ߲ɵãҲ͵͵ʰ˺ųſնɱطƴ򸾡
ϧǣһϵеӦҶûκγֵĻᣬһǿг֣ͻᴥЩ˲µĸ־ƣȻҶܾͻ⵽Χ
ڷɻáŵפת죬գҶֻεķһ뷨רϳ̳
ȻСòˣôֻһսˡ
һյߴǰߣսһľ飬Ҳ֡
ҶûСǱûУϴϣϵڸСϡ
ʱ䣬תۼ鱨ҲԴԴϵĻ㼯ҶУҶѹҲ
ȷʵֻʮߣ꺣ߣǣȴȫǾеľ
ǳΪóԱóԱǳ̵ûŵã̵ҫÿڡ
Ϊ͵߶صģΪĵ֮䣬ƽΪء
ǰȻʮ߼˳̳Щ˵ʵŵľ񣬲ľеԶˡ
صߣǸˣƽΪᳬء
ЩвЩ֮Ĳ̳࣬ͨǰúõ󷨿ֲһ֡
в֧Ԯλߡ
һλǳ̵Ķ񽫹룬λ񽫹һλĴڣͷ̽ǧۻҪϼ֣˳һΪߴ￪ء
ңڿԽնɱĴڣڿΪʱնɱһλصߡ
ĿͷҪԲһ㣬ڽҲǴĴڡ
ҲһλΪŮԵĿߣΪ͡ϼµĸš
ºйأĳһΪޣһ޷ɳӲջأڻš
ȻںܶǰͿʼǱޣ߽ͷɼΪΪҲߴ￪ء
Ҫ֪ǽǧ۵ΪҲǿضѣλߣҶѹ֪
ҪǣӶĳŵһΪߴһΪߴأսȺսǶǿһߵĴڣҫһ㡣
ӴԮȻ̵ע⡣
ǧҶ淢һǸķѶϵ˼Ǽƻһ⣬ҳŵ̬ȶɳ֧Ԯ뿪䶼
Ȼ̰˷˫ˣûֹ֧Ԯ鰲ȫ뿪䶼
üǧ۵Ļ˵⽫Ҷ޴ѹ̷棬ûа취ҶЧԮԮ
Ǽǧ޶ԣǧ޷ɳԮҲԭġ
ǧڷѶ˵֪ιʣ֮ڣ̽ͻ޹ΣӶķԼƺĿǰ״˻ɡ
̶׽⣬ֵ˽ǧδ֮ʣڵĶǲᶯ
üǧ۵Ļ˵ƺһصʱ̣ǳŹؿڣԷƻǳŲ˵̶
ҶĿǰܵѹж󣬼ǧڷѶһɿڵĽͿ֤
ڴ֮ǰǧһֱҪҶס̳ǰ֪Ҷշʮߣİٶ꺣֮󣬼ǧ۵һɿڡ
˵Ҷزס̳Դų̳뱣ʵΪ˶ʧ˳ǵĵ̶Ԫˡ
ƾĶۣǧ۵ǱȽпϵģΪĿǰ֪̽鱨£Ҷס̳Ŀԣɶ
ʵϣҶҲôΪǳ̵İ˷һҶֱЦľĻҶڿӼǧ۵Ľ飬˳ˡ
ǰҶȡʮİʮ꺣ó̳ʵǣ˷еһЩв벻
Ϊڳ˳̳⣬һʵǿķɻãɻõ˼ɵӶóɽۻܾ֮ټֳɵıˣ
ƾϵʵſսʤ̳̣ǣҪһܴĴۣ
̵ǣǳصģ
ôˣսʤ̳֮Ƿɻûô죿
һСģͻˮһգ
Ҫ֣Ǿֻսʤ̳֮󣬻ӵп÷ɻüɵ
ǣ˷һӢľҶѣ
ĿǰĳڣɻǲǵĶѵģһɢɳѹûǶѵʸ
ʣµΨһһѡҲڳΨһʸǶѵֻʣͳֵܻˣ
ҪǣпնɱߵħԪֻ֣Ҫų龧ųʱ䣬ħԪǾͿһλԶ֪ƣ͵Ŀߡ
οֵܻŰʮߣ꺣ߣֵܻĻ꺣ߵĿﵽ˿ֲǧˣ
Ѿս֣£ԳԸٵʧ³̳ս㹻˵ķɻá
ңΪǰкˮͼնɱֵܻʮߣɱֵܻΪ볤϶ֵܻһԳ̳Ҷ֮ǣŹͬĵˣ
òĶѣ
ԣڣſʼ˶ֵܻ᲻£˵һһĿս̳ɵ̵
ֵܻԣ£漰ܹҶ棬ºޱĻ㱨Ҷ档
󣬰Ҷָʾ˴֮󣬴Ӧ˺Ҫ
ңΪҶĽ룬еȫֻսָɵ̡սֵָܻսһžܾ
ܼ򵥰ⳡսҶڵĳ̳ʤˣô볤̻ŵЩôȫģò
ⳡսǳŻʤˣ϶ˣֵܻҲˣЩôҲûκ塣
ֿ£ֵܻҶָʾݺݵĿһѳţ
ٿƷ龧ʮγʥˮٱƷؼʮƷؼһƷĹؼЩļֵͳһǧƷ龧
֮⣬ҪƷƷװټƷʮƷһƷʮԸ˵壬ӲųҪһƷá
գӲĴӦ񼸽ʨӴ󿪿ڵΪһƷ⣬Ķȶ˳ǵĵ֮òһĹ򣬾ܹȫ׬
Ҳ磬ŲŽɽͽֵܻᣬЭ飬һõƷϼӡ
˼Ҫϼӡת͸ҶģҶ沢ûҪ
¼еĿ֮һ٣Ҷ涼ҳϣǵʵҲҶģ
ҲΪԭҶڼʶ˳ֲ֮ʵžأ

¶ʮգδֵģ
µȿʼڣͳһɪɱ֮⣬ԭޱȵĳڣһƬ·＾ǰһ㡣
ǰЪҵ˵ЩĿ˳ԮɱڵĽǵɢߣ˳ǣӵԶԶģ
һʱ䣬ǾǱһһ㣬ڸڵĸ̽ӣЩȥķѶûһ˿һ
ڳ⣬⻪죬ǳ̳ķ󷨳׿Եʡ
ƺڵȴսһ̵٣Ϊѹ޴ҶݳȥһȦûзκγֵĻᣡ
ͷ֮ڸĸ߲㣬׸ŵˣ
ΣҶֻܱĵȴţΪԳ̳Ŀǰ

ʮʱ֣һĺشӳŵפشߺѹѹĳɱֱӳɢϿյ
սʼ


795 ͨ
̳Ѿ·ҷ
̳·ֱѾ򶫲ϲ·Уÿ·߶ʮң꺣߲пԿٻ
ǰұ龧һ·Ŀһʮң꺣߰˰ңԤһ֮󵽴
ֵ̳ܻٳֵܻԴӣʮ꺣ѾĿǰнҷ龧

̳ɳĳѾҷ˫ˣ
̳ɻûκ춯ǲϵɢķɻûת
̳̳ڣ鱨ѶѩƬһĴ䣬һһҶУһͬ鱨Ĵ߷ɿĴ㱨һһ鱨´ڵĺӡۻǧ¥г̳ͳ졢ͳ˵ԽԽ£ԽԽ죬ԽԽ
鱨룬鱨ƵʽҶֽеķ̳˴ߣĿ⿴ڵļλš
ҶĿ⿴ɲǣӡۡǧ¥̳ͳ졢ͳҶ湰ʾ⣬һľ㵡
ǾսָӵĺӡԭضͳǿϲͳɣţޱȵĿҶ棡
̳㣬µ֮
ҶЦҡҡͷָǣĸݵѣ̸㣬ֻҪĿоſеķԣôˣ
ҪǱô˵սԵĸ̳ӡ϶Ҫ֮ԱǣΪڴţƤҴţҲġ
仰ڴţĻҶ˵ȴǸķڷ˵ţƤ뷨
Ϊǰ鱨Ϣƺ̳ƶϲ˶٣һģһ
Դǰ̳ҶԳʵʩķԣְԱȫ벢ĿһУԴʱŻ𾪣
ǰҶͶ϶һ;Բǰǿ̳
̳̾Ӫ˼ʮˣ󷨲һһأͬ߾ԿԶס˵Ĺ
ſ϶й̳˱Ƴ̳̳ڵߣó̳ʧȥƣҰ̳оս
ңҶ϶ŵķӦǴӱ龧ʼ
龧ʱ̳ôͻһٹ±龧Ȼιϲ£̳ҪȻǵĵ̾Ҫȫˡ
£ŵضֲԣ
ǰҶ˵Ȼе˻ǱŻɵ̬ȣͳǿɣţҶ潫ǵڵĴ󲿷Ϣĵ룬ǳĲ
Ҷ棬һΪҶԭʧǽȫҶΣ
Ҷûнֻͣ˵ĸִ֡
Цͳ˧ͳ˧ָ⼸ǧ뼸սԽ棬Ҷ滹û
Ȼ糤ŵɱϳ̳ǿ̳ҶҲû˵ˡ
ʵ֤ŲûǴ
ϵжѣⳡսʤ֮ٹر̳Ҳ
սڲŸոտʼ
ˣڣƻ°ɣ
ǣ
뻮һĺУ̳̳ĸ߲ǣ߳´һ߳ڳ̳
ʵϣڳŵûгʱҶӦԼƻ
ȻЩŰɻڣûзɶԳ̳Ĵ̽ôҶαܹǵĶĿд˴ģµģ
ҶǰļĴ˵ߵİãҶõڻҲҶϢһе
̳ѾϣʱԳӡã
ҶͷҲ̧ʵŵڵδûеԤص㣿Ҷʵ
̳鱨ŵͷѾԤص㣡
ãҶ泤𣬴̤ã

䶼̳ڣɫЩ԰׵Ľǧۿһ鱨һĿЦСӣôҪ볤ŵ˾սҲϼ죬ϼ죬˵ڿˣ
սʱ̣Ҷ̳Ҳϲ˵ģǳŸϵüӰͳϢĳڼǧ۵ֻǽЩ¥ʱʱţ
ǧͻغٺЦϹǱƴ꣬գۼ͵̳սϣ˵ô
˵׼ȥˣҲΪһսһɵʤ㣬ǣҳڳǵս³ֻһ̳ң̳һֵܹס
ӰͳһŲ褣޴뷨ʵҡ
ԣǧۿЦȻûôǱ˱Ƴôģ
˵С𣿡ӰͳüͷҪ¿ýСȥˣ
Ůˡǧ̾һһӵ£˼ǧ۵Уǧ۵鶸رޱȽ̳Ҳ𣿾սڿʼˣ

ڣźѹѹһƬӰĴӳ̳ڳ𣬴󲿷ɢ߶ж¶˿־֮ɫϢжԶԶΪʱġ
ǣɻڣȴһƬ˷ܡ
֮£ڻͳ콯롢׻ͳͳ컪㣬ͳȫۼ´ڣĥȭƣһ˷ܣ
λŵ̳սˣһΣһͳǵĴûᣬǧܷŹһ˷ܣ˷֮࣬ӶЩ졣
̫һͳǵˣʵһͳǣֻҪռݳǰ˳ɵ֣Ǳͻȫſͻơ
һͻƣ᳹׵Ĳһ
һֵȫܶˣ
̳飬ȥ³̳ôͳЩ˷ܡ
ƨûУ³̳һ棬һͳǴʲôϵûС
ھҪȣȣȳ̳ƴܾˣֱֳʤʱһٳͨԣռô
ԣжƵķɻЦԣ벶ȸںǵսܾˣͨԣ
ӢĴͳͬʱֹάۣ
۴Цͬʱɫһ࣬һ
ȫսϵκα仯Ҫ©Ĵ
ӿع飬һʱߣù洦ã



796 ͷ
ϵģŵ󷽵õϢ׷ĳ̳ڻϿ
ϿλڳǱ绢̳龧ʮľ룬ǰ̳龧ıؾ֮·
̳ڷصӳǳʱ򣬳ŵȷոͨ˻Ͽ͵õǰϢ
̳ȻҰսǳı⣬ԣһϢֹͣǰȷӣӱǰӣǧΪǿ߾ڿʮﳤԼʮĻϿڿƣ׼ӭս̳
һѶɻأûʱ򱨸̳໢Ͽʣʮʱ򣬳Ż˴ĶֵܻߣҲ׼ʱ
˵ʵֵܻʱĴóʹѣǴ˿ֵܻ̿°ʮͷģ꺣ߵʱϻǰ˷ֻŵ뼾ǳ˷ܣ
Ϊֵ֪ܻߣֵܻųɵʵˡ
ܹ¾ųɵǰսǰĴۣʵֵֵ̫ˣ
Ҷ֣þò
ԶԶģոտҶʱһЦʵӭȥǱЦУȫǻ棡
һǰĹǴ£ҲΣһ㰡ҪսᵽҶˡ
ΪЩˣ˰ˣѣɽ˾޴ĴۣȥҩİˣΪҲرǵأ
һҶΪڿޣһֱûлᣬһ棬ӭȥ
棬Ҷ沢⣬˿ɢΪϢȴҶЩ⣬һ಻û뵽Ϊо
˴˱˴ˣ
Ҷ棬Сӵĳɳʵ̾Ҫ֪ɳ˾أһǰӦƴҲҪ㣡˷ӭҶһĸӡ
Ҷ֮ĳͻǴǰʼģڲͽһгͻԴͷǽڵ˿ҶѣʱҶŻ龳۷Ϊ
˭Ҳ벻̶ʱ䲻ҶɳΪһλصǿߣֻ۵;ȻɳΪһֻޡ
֪ˣ̽¾ͻٽ̹棬ҪҶ̣ҪɴɱҶ棡
ǣû
ΪҶ۵Сͷ˾޴Ĵۣ˳ھӢ˶мǰʧٵĻͳӢҲҶ
˵Ǵǰͻȥͨħƹҥ¼ɵľ޴ʧ
ϸֱӣһҶ棬ϢҶ棬ǹ˼ҶλֲʦֱҶ֣λֲĿߵıֻѾҶ涯ˣ
ϧϲҩ˵أҶ۾˵꣬Ҷֿ棬һĿϧ
֣ϣͷǲɱĳͻǶλźαҪͽأ
飬һͣҪ˶λһȰλǿǣ˳á
Ц
ҶĻ˵꣬汳ħ𵶶س̣ɳĵֱָҶ棬Ҷ棬ҪʶĻ͸ϽͶţԻҪȻĽգļգ
𣡡
ĵһҶؿڵСèͻؾ̽ԴһǵĻХһХǲһ㷭𵴵ĵҵĻε
ʱ桢˷ϵ˽СèһХɫɷײѡ
ͬʱĵϢӸ߿ֱ£Сèϡ
Сèһȴǽڸ߿еλߺλߵ˳
ҶҲ⣬һСèӻдܳɵҶļͷСèһɳȴ桢˷˺òᣬæˣʵƹǣ
ͬʱиոԳϢλǿߣͬʱһƲԳ
һصĿѹ߸߲ѹʱй£ӴĻ꺣߷׷ղȣһн䣬סΣ
λǿȴûг֣ɨ˷գȻڽ䱸Ҷλ˵еʦˮˣ
Ͼǰˮ˱ֳʵֲ̫ˣ˳ҪΪ˶ԸˮҶֻ׵Сèģ
λǿ߳ѹЩİ˷һɣ߳Ҷ棬ûǱذɣ
ʶ࣬ǳ̸һλҲû⣬ʦˮˣҲԳΪǳ̡
ЦǱذɣֻ۾ˣҶֱĴ˷ĻЦ
ָͷϵλָһ֣Ҷָָͷָָǰ
˷˵꣬ҶЦͷϵλþͳԶʦҵСè
λȻʦ𣬵ǣǼأ˷һЦֵָָܻķӪ
һ⻪˸һϢʹֵܻӪһ״СħԪֱֵܻʮɫĲͬƷ龧͵ʸϱ⣬ɢſֲޱȵϢ
ħԪһֵɲǣֵܻһϢСèɲǣСèЩ˻ȻҲӦħԪֵĿֲ
˭ҲûֵܻӹҶʱһ˿
ҲҿŷҪħԪҶСèҪ߶ħԪֵϢҶ棬¾ǻҶ׿ϡ񶼲ô
ħԪ֣
ҶϷƵɫһ䣬˷˵ϣڸֳһ˿⣡
Ҷ̳ô
һħԪֶѣɱʦСè
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˷齥ĵҶ棬ʦǳ齵ǳ̵ĺãǳ̿Լ
ʵнҶ棬Ҳǳ̽⣬Ͼн֮ĺô̫ˣ˵Ҷ汾иոļôߣһʦˮˣܹ˳볤̣ͺ̫ˣ
˷Ļ˵꣬ҶЦ
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ȴһǾãᣬҲøҶ˶һ¶Թ㣬Ժûᣡ


798 ֮
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ʮȻ΢Ҳ̵ܹעˣпһأ
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ȻϢ֮󣬷ӦֵܻڶߣʱͻȻһЩҪҶ棡

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Ըǣʦˮ˳棡ҶɹЦһͻָͷһħԪ֣׼
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˵ţͳ컪㻹ķųҶ漫Եͦ˼ó̳ǲɵôŭŭ
Ҷİ˰һֹֻ֣˵ŭֻǣһָֻղָɴ˭û⣡
ǵģǳ̳ڻǷɻһµߣûĹ۲Ҷƣ
ǿҶ֪ͨħԪַڶι˼ô򵥣
ǣֳħԪֵУȴһ壬ֻ׵壡
ɫģȡʮԲͬ龧ɿİװ˾޴ħԪϱߡ
˭Ҳûע⵽ÿȡʮ龧ͬģ龧СԵıƷ龧һЩ⻪ҫۣɢϢҲӵĴ⣡
ϸ۲Ļͻᷢ鲻һ龧һǼֵһƷ龧ļƷ龧
亱ļƷ龧ҶһԶĿ飬ÿħԪ飡
źɱ͡뿪ʱ򣬲һѣ
һɱһطԼԼҪȻҲһ
һֱӺɱصߣʱһϾ飡
üƷ龧۳֧ħʸһͬ䵽ɲһһڶɱ
ʵϣħԪֵһֻҶ氲ŵһλ̽ѡ
ҶҲϸĹ۲Ѿεǿ󷨣ħԪֺһֻطѣ
һεĻ̽Ҷ֪ʲô̶ȵĹԺƷɻõĻôˡ
£ǰֻװһ鼫Ʒ龧̶ȵĹӦԺƷɻõĻô󣬵ǣҶҪĿɲǺƻôЧҪһ
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ħԪɲǣڻͳ콯׻ͳеĲǿҵ˼£ܵģ˶һۣͦסͦס
ڣķˣĳ󷨽ڵ㣡
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أЦĺۿԽħʸȳ֧ħʸϱ߱ǰħʸǿ̲סĶһ£ɫͱޱȲȻ
ôǿ˼Ʒ龧ɣⲻܡ
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һɲǼ䣬λʮ󷨽ڵϵȵ߻ᶼûſסħʸĹӰͺȻ飡
ҵĸ˲ͳ׵ĸ˷ɻЩߣȻѸޱȵĸ˷
ͬʱһʮĸ󷨽ڵ㣬ͬʱը˫ְϱߵʮλ屻߸ߵըͬʱҽг

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ǴĿĹ⻪һϢˣ̳ȴǳ˼ʮϢ£
Ļҳ価ʱУǳ̳߻ֵܻǣ뵹һ
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812 һ
ΪߣĸǴѪȷдģ
ĸΪǿûѪûɱˣοǳսֹĳǵߡ
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ڣеĳֵ̳ܻ߶һɫɷޱȣʮŮߣŻ£
ǵеĴ˶ɱˣһɱһˣɱ߰ʮˣɱ˵Ҳмǣǧ˵Ķ֫ɵĳ棬ûм
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ͳ˧Ҷ棬ҵĳ涼һӽʬǵ˿ҲʮΣ˵ǰǧ˵
˵ӲҪҳǾһεһɵģҷɵĲ֫ʵ̫˵㣡
ըĳɢɲǣϮߵֱӱ⣬˷
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ͱһ֭ˮ
ض˱顢ϳء룬ɽ̿ߣʤ
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Ҷһ£̳Ⱦʹ˷Χ˷ɻãͬʱֱ̳źҲ쳹
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쳹ֵָܻ߲֮°Χ˷ųַ̳Ŀ飡
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ЩҴķɻߣǰ⼫ֲѪȵһĪ𾪵ˣҵ£Ѿս˵Ѿҷˣ
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֮⣬ۻһΪĸߵٶʮң߶ʮˣ꺣۷ˣ
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һ߻һǧңд󲿷ǻ꺣ߣ߻ʮˣ
ҴһߣһɷǳǿҲЩ޶־ʧȥ˷֮ġ
Щ˷ӦһͻΧǾ;ԲҶǰЩܹµģ
ԣҶ£̳ٶȿͶķɻߣԷб䣡
ͬʱܺħԪѾٴʸϣɭĹ⻪׼±߷ɻ÷ڹͶߣһдģĶħʸԻԥٴ
е߶ڹͶ
ҲôλߣڵһʱķӦǳ˷оʮߣոհΧĳֵ̳ܻɱһ
赲ĿҰܵѶҪصѶСܿģЩóٶսǿնɱǵĻ꺣֮߸֧Ԯ֮ǰӶӳ̳ߵİΧȦޱȵԶȥ
һڶܿģĸˣ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һһֱҶͷСèͻضˣХСèƶ켣ûпСèʧ
Ϣ֮󣬴ԼϢĹһХСè޴ͳУעĿģȴĻצŵĸкߡ
ߣǷųΧȦܵߣ

һǵĻХСè˵עϵʱ򣬻צ
飡
ߣö͸˵һ㣬αѪ죡
һĻڷߵߺʮ꺣߸ˣ

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һɲǣҶͳų̳ŭǶ˱̳һ𣿸κηߣɱ⣡
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ͬһʱ䣬̳ǣҶѾÿޱȣǼǧڴ˿Щ˵񣬾ͻԾѣ
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ҶеļƷ龧Ȼ٣ȫǴӺعҵģԺܲٴν룬˵ء
ҶһسɱϣǰһЩСɵĲƸϼƹڰУɻӦҲ˶١
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仰ɫͬʱòȻޱȣһĿ⿴Ҷ档
ѾߣٻȥԲģ

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Ļһ·Ǿǳ׵ķſ꣬ҵĿܣҶ˵
ɫͬʱѿޱȣǵĽḻޱȣǳʱ˵Ŀܣܱ˻ҪֲһЩ̬Ⱥõ˵ʱ򡭡
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۾͵صɴȷʵҶ仰һֱ벻ͨ˴𰸣
ٸǶ˵һϻҵĿܣֵܻĻԺҲǣҪһǿǻ۵Ŀܣūͣ
˵Ҷ۾һУţ˸ʱˣǲͬ⣬ֻھͳ׵Ĩɱˣ
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˹ؼһսˮ˾Ȼ¶棬»ɣˮˣѹڣֻˡ
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ǾȻӷɻõĲֿУҵöĳ֪꣡ҾǷ䶼ĻҵҲҪռ˳ǣ
ӰͳɫҲǴ䣬ǾȻֱѾûҵֱˣһΣһٶʮһǰҵһö
ⶫ̫ҪҪ֪ͨҶ桭˵һ룬ӰͳͻȻһּ˽ǧһۡ
һۣǧ۵ɫҲޱȵι죡
ҽǵսƷһȫŵҶʱҲû뵽ǾȻֵĳֱ
˵ⱦ̶̫ҪˣǻҲҪҶ濪ڣһᣬһѶʹӼǧзɳ
ǧ۷ѶͬʱҶҲոոϵɻõڵصװ׵Ĳر⣬رڣһ𾪵ĿöɢżֲϢĻꡣ
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Ҷ棬ĳ̷ǳҪҪ̶ֳȣֻ˵Ŀŵĳ̶꣬䶼ָտɴ
ǰӦ㣬ֻҪܹס̳ĵ̣˴սһнɻΪһ룬ȫ㣡
ǣΪĳĳ֣Ҳòʳԣ
ҪʲôĿڣϣܽĿŵĳ꽻̴̣ܸݵĺôҲܸô
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ҶԸӦĳڵѹĿǰܹġһɳŻ뱩Űİޱȵĺһ
Ҷұ֤һĳڵǿֲޱȵͻһ˲ǺˮһйҶ棡
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ڣöĳȴڼϢ֮һöƷ䣡
ЩаҶ潫öĳսһöƷУֻƷ˼Ϣʱ䣬öƷĴָٴα٣
ƷĴָҶûУҶеƷĴָҶѹԣҪ汻ˣҶɾˣ
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ĲƸǸָĿʯϣ
һ൱һǧƷ龧İ׾Σһǧ飬ϹͭĸʯͷɫȵȣֵܼȻǧƷ龧
ĸҩ鵤ؼȵȣܽɻȻǧƷ龧
һʾ˵ĲƸˣҶ汾ΪĴָһ𻯳ޣжٽɻû뵽ɻȻҲ٣ҶЩɻ
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ûˣһֱݺ˵Ҳĳꡣ
ЩҶջҶջǷɻúڵʮͷƷӶĻޣ
һɹĴӱ²нɻʮͷƷػ޷
仰˵ʮͷƷĻޣڴ˿ѾˣΪҶƿص
£ûСèı̬޿֮£ʮͷܿƵ׻ޣһɼǿҾƵ
̳еĲﶼѾϣ̳һǧ²δãͻǰҶ棡
ͬһɲǣ˵ĿⶼҶ棬δ÷²һ⣡


815 Ͽб
ԹΪ²һ⣬˻ԣһ࣬ͷǳļ֡
Ҫȫнˣ֪ǰնɱ֮ûЩ²ѣһպǻ
Ҫȫնɱˣһɱ꣬Ҷԣ²Ǹ֣
⣬߶ء
ҶںڶʱĻͨʿ²Щ˶ΪᣬֻҪͬ²ѣҼ⣬Ҳ
߲һ߸־㣬϶ܹıģǿһ£Ǵ£
ǰѰǣǰķ²Ŀһǧˣȳ̳Ҫ࣬һȫճ⣬̳ˣ
ͳ죬Щ²ĴãҪҶָͷ
̳ʾ£
һÿһλ²ſ꣬±֣Ը߻߸κηߣɱ⣡
֣߿ߵһַǳ򵥴ֱֶΣĿ߻꺣дһõı֣ⱬ־Ϳһ𣬷ⷨŲɽ⿪
һĿκβ죬ֻҪ鱬־ͻֱᷢӽĿԴһţԴߣ
ǣⱬֵãҲڴˣڷĿȷеĲж֮ӵԶҲñأ
֮⣬κãĿ߰дɱʩߣʩûзĿֻ߱УҲ޿κΣ
ҶĿ¼رҶߣҶʱ򣬾һﱾϵĿ־壡
ЩɻõƷСèǰһ㣬˵ǹСèСèһǾСèһۣ
ңһЩ쳣ҶһͿʰǣ
ֲ̫ڽϣһֱǽҶ棬Ҳҵʹá
ңҶãôˣҲƲ
ⱬּ򵥴ֱݣ
ڶÿһλ²Ҫָ֤ͨϵмߣſڳ̳Чֱϵⳡսսģһ͵̴̳á
ڳ̳ЧߣٴηЧԣȻɢã
ҶЩ£ʵ̫ˣֻ
ˣƿ˵̷ˣڼ֣ϣǾҪ׼ˣҶ˵
ǡ
һۣЦһӹҶǵĵҩ
ֻܽˣܣͷĶ˵Сè˵

ͻȻ䣬еСèһĿЩĿеĳ
еĳʱڼٵ𵴣Ҷɫһ䣬ߣ
ӰμҶ̳
Ϣģͷһö۵źɴߣҶǰ
Ӱǣ⿪ߵĹ̬ȣҶЩԾ
ӰͳӰҶ̳ǰȡǰԼ֮ǽͷţӰ˵
Ҷϸ֮󣬾ԴӰǰرȥȡǵĳ꣬Ȼ⾰öӵĴָɹװöĳ꣬ûϢӰ뿪ˡ
ҶЩȣ
̷棬ĳ̫ˣӵһŵĳ̶ȣ
Ӱͳ죬Ӧþ̳ˣҲǱ˵Ľǧ۵ľ
ȻΪ˵ĳ뿪̳ңǲĵĿϵ˳ǣ
Ҷǧ̸꣬һʱʱѣӰͳӰʹ̳ϵ˳ǣǶʮ·̰
СèٶȼޣҲһһҹ
ߵٶȾٿ죬ҲСèóٶȵ޿첻ʲôļٸģҪȻӰ뿪ʱϢҲǳĲȶˡ
ҶԵĳãӵĺˡ
ʲôãȻܹӣ
۲ó÷²飬һʱȥˣչųĺӡĻع飬Щ²ٶȣؿ
ò˵ӡǸ֣ңҲ׵ıҶⳡˣ
ӡΪȫһսû뵽Ȼһ浹ĽգңҶ澹ȻԱٶȳ׵Ļ˷ɻá
ֱӵǣӡҶĿ⣬Ѿһֳݣȵĳݣ
̳ĿǰĽȣʱ֮Щ²ͿԴϣһ£ھ͵ϰšӡߵҶ๧˵
£Ҷʵ
̳Ƿû˵꣬ӡ˵֣Ҷ񣬾͵رޱȣֱ
Ҷ汻ӡһ͵תͷĿҲһɲǼͱøӡһͣй֮޲
Զʹ⻪һɫʺ磬ôԶޱ
ǡþǻϿķ


816 չ
Ҷ漸ٶȸϵ˻Ͽ
Ͼǳʹ⻪̫ҫˣ̫עˣʹ⻪𣬶챦ס
ǵ֮󿴵ֳ֮Ҷʧ֮࣬üͷٴĽ
ܹеʹ⻪ȷʵ·챦ظûǣǰһĵصҽʱڿ粻ѣ
ֻľͷԻһ㣬ֱ䵽УСȪһӵصӿ˳Ȼøʹ⻪ӵص˷ŵ
Ҿ϶ԣ֮ǰҪࡣ
ǰǸǧ׷Բ׵ľ޿ӵĵײʱѾӿҽ
ӿҽŵĸ֮ǰӿȴҽٴڻٴα˰ɫҽɢž˵ĸ¡
ҽϣҶƣʱڣ޷̽Ѱ·ڵ챦ظġ
ǿߣҲ޷ŨµҽҶƣֻǰı˴ͨۻǻϵ޾ÿػΪĴڣǿ̽
ȻҶ洢ָеǼֻͨۻǾԲеģΪֻ֮ʣ±ܣΪܵͣƷϢֻ൱ڿصߡ
̳ǲã̫עˣò˶ã챦ظϢͻᴫ˷ʱ򣬳ǿܻǿߣʹ⻪̳ӡ˵
Ҷ̾ĿһۺӡҶüͷԭ
ȻҶ˳ڵĴһͳǵƣǣڵ߻ǷǳģȻΪһսɢľ뿪ˣǻڳǵĸ䡣
·ϣҶͷＱڷҶһ֮󣬾Ǳһı˸Զ
ҶܹԼԼӦü΢ڸӦ
£챦ظϢסģ
̳ϢԲסΨ֮ƣ̵ֻʱ뷨ҵ·ڵ챦ߵý·ܴڵظЩյϢ˷ǿߵ֮ǰȳԵ
˵ӡһ٣ҪȻֻܿŴ˷۽ĸǿ߹Ϸص׵챦ظ
ӡ׼ȷĽ飬ҶȴǿЦֶ̣ộⲻͣӿҽһȻϣ˵ǣһĿ߰߶޷ͻƣ
ʲôõ뷨ûУҶ濴˺ӡ
̳ûʲôõİ취ֻ򵥵İ취ӡ˵
򵥵İ취
뷨¶Ƚˮʮһֺӣǳ̳ȫֻʱ䣬ڳһ㹻õˮ
뷨㿴ҽ¶ȣֺӵĺˮȫˣҲᱻ˲ɣңص׻ڲϵӿҽҶ˵
̳Ļ۽꣬һֻϵޣˮ֮£˵ԡ
Ⱥӡû˵꣬ҶȿЦϵޣУ
ܹҵô
϶ǲܵ飡
ӡȻʶ뷨вͨҲοЦ̳ѵǾķǰѰĴûᣬȻ·пܴڵ챦ظø˷Ѷߣ
ĿǰûкõĽȥķ̽һ
˵䣬ҶһԶȥɲǣļкӡϣȴҶֹˡ
һȥǶҪ
ӡһ㣬ʱҶ˼ʩչʲôط̽ɣֹˡ
ҶȻʩչʲôطأֻݶصף
ɳʮһ˵ɽͷ£ڵɲǣҶξϢصס
һɲǣϿص֮УһɫĹ⻪ڷɿĶš

Ĺ⻪ڵص׶еҶһ͵һͣ
һĻĹ⻪بڵصףɢ£ԶԶľ赲סҶȥ·
ǻŰԶм仹а׵ĵصʯ赲ǰĿֲ¡
Ҷǰ̽ʮףͱ׸Ѿûһ˿һϢȫǿ񱩳ȵĻ
ҶЩаĻһȦҳһڣŬ˰ʱ֮Ҷ泹׵ķˡ
˷ȫֳĻȫſ񱬳ȵĻҽҶѹ޷롣
ȻҶҪǻݵĻܹУϧҶ治ᡣ
֮⣬ҶصǱУûСˣûзڡ
ҶڵʵԶصңֲѹѾҶһַǵĸо
Ҷصҽһҽѹȥ
գҶ޹
תôһȦҶ浽챦Ϲصûг
ǳɫĻп챦ģҲпϹصĻ
ϿϿգʧ˽һʱ̳Ҷ̳ӡһڴ
գҶֻεҡҡͷ
̳طҲ
Уҽ¶ûֹ֮ͣǰûа취ģڵƣҽûǲֹͣģ֮󡭡
ʣµĻҶû˵ڳ߶ף֮ЩõϢǿ߶ʱ򣬾ûǵķˡ
ϢҶϾ¶˾ġ
鸱̳Ҷ߳һ
̳ڣ
ȥǳ̳Ͽ󷽵龧ڵߣȫص֮ڣ龧ڵĿ󹤣ҲȫسǣҶ
ԣһ龧ͳ㼱ˣ̳ǺòסˣΪʲôҪ
ǷսԳˣӡ˽ͣͳ죬ʱò˶ãͻߡ
ֱѪɺӣ̳ǲ˳֮꣬ųǻسǵģ
ңֻҪڣıˣռˣ
˵ô˵ʵôǿô²ոռ룬ֻҪ֣˭ߣҲܸʰඣ㼫ģ
䲻أһߣʮĿأкܶΪ۷þòͻƵϹأ
ʱסˡ
ⲻ̫ܰɣ
ʱΣ̫ܣֻܶ࣬٣ۺȵ㻹ʵʵִ̳ɣ
鸱̳תǣϽӹǣҪһʱȫӹܳǣóƽ
Щ˷κνսĿԣܲҶЩأôǿ߾۽ڳǶԣԲʲô£һãͻݱɻ£
ԣӡԥһ£Ҫ·ֶΪ
Ӵ˿𣬳̳֮£ȫĵɣҾ棡Ҷ
ԣӡüû⣬±֤ޣˣҪ̳һһ¡
ûʱ䣬ҪչأҪʱСèԴתһȦҶ˵


817 ͷƤ
ò˵ӡȷʵһǳĸ֣ҪȻҶỹڿƵĲķ̳ܹƽľĽչأ
˦ƹĸоǺܲģ
Ҷ֮ԽչأԤе˼Σ֣
ҶӵиǿʵڼΣаȻɹпܻˮ㣬ջ
ԼĵϷʱ⣬пܲ챦ϹصĵطҶĿɱᱦǲܵģ
ٷְ٣ҶҪȥһġ
ߣʱϢһȥ˷ǿ߾Ὣոһͳĳ޴Σ֮С
ȷпǰ٣һôλаĿߣǿɾĴͷˡ
־棬ƾСèһֻƷޣӦ壬ҶҲҪ취ڶʱԼս
ԼսܹõӦΣҲҶδĶᱦӵиĻȨҲҶ࿪֮УӵиǿԱ
£ΪҶ̶ֳȣǺڶʱǼ֮ʵ
Ҷط֮Ҳ޷ڼڴΪ
ʵϣҲˡ
ҶĿǰΪֻ۷壬Ҷ츳Ѫһֻ仰˵ҶΪ۷ߵͷˡ
۷壬Ҷյ㡣
ԣһͨ似ѡҶǷǳء
ңҶڶʱһΪ۷壬ҶδΪصߣһʵʵڲֵһᣡ
ôҶķֻŬˡ
ȻҲһһϦܹģҶĽݾ
ǰնɱĿ͡ɷڶ⣬Ҷ
˵⣬ҶͨתԼ⣬Ȼתʺܵ͡
ЧҶĿǰһصΪҶƽ˵ȫ֮ܲҶض˵
ߣΪʵÿһصΪǰһصһ
һ٣ǲһϣͺֲܿˡ
൱λһߣߵΪ൱λһߵΪصߣ൱ڰλһصߣߵߣ൱ʮλһˣ棬ǳɱ
ҲΪʲôϵ߷ǳټԭ֮һˡ
£ҶĿǰһص⣬ԶϿصߣͻǳΣա
ҶΪأɷǳС
ҶΪֻزпܹɵӦԸΣ
ǣ£ⲻ̫ܣûôٶȡ
ҶɢŵĿϢĺڻҶҲѹ룡
Ҷ볢ڻ
ڻҶͱҪ˽ڻ֪ڻĿֲޱȵԹϢûʲôŹ֣ҪʲôŹ֣ڶ
Ҫ˽ڻĿǰֻһ;ԺɷĿڶѻ꣡
ߵѻ꣬һǳΣյ飡֪ڶڵ̺ĺϢ᲻űҶꣿ
Ҷ꣬һػµ꣬ڶԣԶˡ
ΪԽߣ֪Խ࣬ԽСĽҶھˣ
ΪܹٽڶѻΣգҶǻ˰ʱ䣬͡׵ĵա
ҶϣһλߵȫֻҶ׳ҡ
⻹ΪҶΪﵽһأЧһߵԭ
˵ǣҶΪﵽһأ߶ٶȳɱԭҪɵˣ
֮ҶСĽɷڶ룬ڶ֮ȫڶ⡣
֮ҶͻƵأһӾͱ˽
ǿΪУ׵һԽԽ
أҶȴûϽڶѻ꣬ò洦һ顣
̳ӡɣһʱ䣬Ѿľԭȵĳ̳ڣ˳ǳڣȻδ¶Ҷ棡
Ϊ˾óڵ̺Űӡڸ̺ŽһҶܹ档
գҶ滨˰ʱʱ䣬¶һ档
ͬʱкü䶼ķѶҪҶһһظ
ΪѶĴڣϢĴٶǷǳģ̳Ϣһʱ䣬䶼ڵ¥̡ŻƱ֪˳ʱϢ
׼ȷ鱨ΪβҰܣ볤ԭѾǣʱĳ֣ȴٴγ춯
һλ뿪䶼ǵķ򣬾ļҵģͲˡ
鱨ʧ̽ҲлΪ˵һ鱨Ѿʧڳڵĳڰߡ
֮⣬ʮ̳У߸̳鱨ѯʱ飬˵Ϣķ䷶ΧѾܹˡ
̳й·Ŀߣҷָǣ
̳ʾ֮⣬ǧۻһ˽˷Ѷ˽ѯҶ棬̳ܲǰỢϿĲر
֮ôʣ⻹ǰǧҶԼйأһֳ֮ǵ飬þҶͬ⣬Ҷ淭Ļ
һ㣬Ҷ濴úܿȻ˷߶Ѷô̷Ϊʲôأ
ܱܲˣ
ԣҶֻһѶϢǣλϵĿ߲ʸѰһλ߻ߣǾͱˣ
Ϊʲôô˵
ܼ򵥣Ϊһ֮ڣݳ̳ڻϿĳرǰϿҽ޿Ӹ鿴Ŀߣʹﵽˣ
ǰ̽谭ߣѾʮˣ
һ죬;ۼλߣҶĹƣҽֹͣٻң⻹ҽֹͣ䣬ҽȴܹ̽ʱ䣬ܸ
Ҷƣڵʮλ߶ٵģҶƣܹ֮̽ǰ۽ڳǵĿĿܻߴʮʮ
һжʮ߾۽ڳ˷ˣҶһͷƤĸо
ЩһñǻǶôֲĳ棡
УҶٴν˱չңȻȡ˱ڶ꣬ڶĿУһɫҶڶ꣬ڶһĺУ


818 ħ
Ժɷڶһ˿лϢĻΪҽʱҶЩʹǵüġ
Ҷôû뵽ڶȻѾߴˣԺгĵεΣǺϢһûҶԺű
ҲҿҶΪͻȻ⣬ҪȻ˿Ѿűˡ
£ҪǸҶԿѻ꣬ɣ
˶Ҷ濪ʼתڶļ䣬ʼЩõϢ
ҶĿǰѾߴصΪһѻڶõļߴɣҲҶһζһ׼ȷʶ
˵⺣ģ˵һ֮ͨµߣ̤֮һ
½Ӹ֮ĺǳĹ֮䣬Ǽǧĺ
½ЩƬ½أ
ڶԺеһЩ䣬˵ռ½ľų࣬Ŵ½½һɶռݲ
֮ȻΪӣ籩Űǿķ籩絶ַ籩ǰΧķ籩ҲܽһЩ̤Ļ꺣߻꺣֮µ߸Ƭ
˷籩֮⣬ڡϸܲ׵Ҳ÷ǳĳűǿٱĿֲڣڼ亱壬ʱг֡
ڶļУɷһٰʮ⣬һϵߣȫ޻ζ壬ʵǿɷڣΪɵ֮Ϊܱ߰ҲΪ
ںɷһͨС﷽Բ
֮ϣСǳĶ࣬󣬴춼еص˼ʮϰٵصвƷ
˸ƷʵڵСϣͽЩСͳһ츣أϱߵٶǸ½ٶȵʮϰٱ
ҲʿԴ
ǿʿڸ½ȻͿʼѰһЩĸأ۽ɡ
ȻԭֹЩ
ΪصĻۣСϵĵرǳ࣬½򾭹⼸ǧݵĵر÷ǳϡ١
ǧݵҩǳĺ
ЩСϣȴܳ
ޱȣδֵСһһС˵ǧݵҩݵҩݵҩҲֿɵá
֮⣬ĺףǻźĵر֮Σޱȣ㼣ൽʤ
ڶԺôһ˵ֻҪܹɹǱ뵽ףôջһҹ
һҹĻУһٸºǿ֮УֻʮܹǱ뺣ժĵر
ǲժɹܹ֮Żصǣʮһ͡
Ϊڣȫϳ
½ϵһɽͷһȺиͷ޾Ƕˣǣڵȫ۾ӵȺĿΪλġ
£ɾÿ겻֪и½Ķʧ֮ڣǣкǰ˺̣̤֮·
ǧĻһЩ߳ɹСϽ˻ҵɷһС
ɷԲ˿ǧЩͨڣǴǰҵǰµŮǧ귱ͳɾӴ˿ڻ
Ԫĳ㣬ɷϵľ񣬺һֻҪ츳ģ龳ԼͿͻƵ꺣ֻҪ츳̫ģͻƵ
ڶļ䣬ɷϵĿһǧµģࡣ
ЩǺٳģɷܱ̫Σˡ
ںɷϿʳ׷ݣͳ˶ʮֻ
ҶԾڶںɷڵĿĿ
ʮλϣ
ڶ֪ģΪڿµĺڹʹߣͳʮλ
صصʹߣҲʮλҡ
ϻλΪߴ￪صĽʹߣ¶棬ɷΪ˵ѾԽ۷壬ڵȴһ
ģڶļûУѻʱʧˣֻڶĵλѹ֪ϸ鱨
ȥɷʵǳĿֲʮλֻ߰Ҫһ𣬾ܹɨ򣬲ʵûô򵥡
ɷܱΣأЩҲϲζѪʳʱʱ̶̿ǿ޴ɷ⣬ɷܱߣʱǿ
ԣܴһֿ߶ܱߵвǣƣ
ңвޣܱ߸ССĵ죬ÿΪĲָͬزĵرЩĵرǶһġ
ÿ⺣죬ʱʱ̵ܱ̿ߵ컢Ҳڵһƽ⡣
ҪȻ½ɾˡ
ҶϧǣɷҪϢȻѻĹжʧˣֻõһ΢ĩϢ
ɷһаޣܱߺ֮е֮УΪڣԼڰ⣬ȴܹϵʮſߣѹģ˸ģ
ǰƴʩչطΪħ䣬ǺɷΪһطҲúɷܱߵ켫Ϊɵһط
һΪħȼ鵤ĵҩϺħ书øߵΪڼ̵ʱɰǧ
ƴ򸾵ں̵ܶʱڴؿ뵽۷һ㡣
Ҳǳ󣬶һзħȼ鵤Ҫ
Թ޵ߣܷħȼ鵤Ч
ʩչħ书ЧʩչеԹ߳ǿйأƴֱܹΪ뵽۷ģǷǳġ
ֻӳ޶߶ѾߣŻ
ڶļ䣬ʮʱ䣬ͳĺħȼ鵤ϰöܹΪ۷ģҲֻһ
ڶʱڽΪ뵽ߣĴ۾ǳ׵ʧȥǣһֻܰµĹ
ǰǿҵԹȴӰЩ߱ɺħ֮жܡ
ƴǱɺħʧȥ֮ҲҶ棬Ҷ棡
һþЩ߱ɺħ֮ΪܲǾ޴ıǺʮϢ֮ڱ
ЧԱһǳĿֲ
ΨһĺôԱ֮󣬻һֿԴΪڻ
ڻǺɷ޵ĹбһֺڻɷΪܽһ
ʮڶһֱڸ飬ƴȫĲƸڶŴڶл˺ħ书κħ鵤һΪӱĻᣡ
ֻڶôҲû뵽һصߣȻصҶ
£źɷطصߣҲӵһ
ңߣ֪⺣ɷͷģһԱţҲûҸ֣
ֻû뵽Ҷࡣ
Щ֮⣬Ҷ滹ڶѵ˼ڶȥĺͼǴǰǧЩػ򺣵ǰ̽ĺ·ȫĺ·
·һ·ܳȫԱܿЩֲ֮Ⱥȵȡ
Щʱյ··ߵĶ٣Ҳ򺣵ǿ
ڶУ·һ
ںڻ鱨ҶҲڶļҵһЩǣֻһЩϢûκ÷ڶûʸ֪Щ
ҶӦһ㣬ڻ̺ź⣬ͬʱҲ̺Ŷһ߶ԼʹĸָԹɷ
£˺ɷ֮⣬ѹ޷ʹúڻ֮
ƴԱϢߴ￪ߵĺڻĸϢĿߣҲᱻң
ʱҶȴеһͷСĺڻ˼
ûڳɷ֮κߣǻҩǹ
ԣܻûζһغˡ
Ҷʱȴгһµĳ嶯
Ҷãƾڵ飬Գһ¡
ľһֱǿ
ǰҶжֻҪʱĶֻҪѪҺڹһ飬ͻὫػøɸɾ
ҲһҲ̺źĸϢɱ¾ŰѪɷȵȣȴԾøɸɾ
ľȣҶãںڻ˵ͬá
һܹڻǺôֱ̫Ҷ漤ˡ
൱ڿߵ⣬һţҶΪ̶ֳܹȣ
֮·ðյġһ˲䣬ҶĿͱüᶨޱȣһָϸһ⣬СİǰͷСĺڻϣ
أָĽӴ˺ڻı棬һּĸо
һҶָһȡһ˿ڻڵ
ǺڻڵҶڵɲǣҶ£ڣһ׹ѵĸо
ʱҶɫ䣡


819 ɫ
ҶԼڻƿһ˿СĵĽһƱͷ˿Ҫϸĺڻɫ֭ҺѾʵ廯˵ĸָڡ
ôһ˿ڻҺɲǣҶ͵شһսһ׹ѵĸо
Ҷµ꣬һַĸо
־һ˿ڻҺھڵһرһ㣬һֶĸо
߳ŵĸָϢΪ꺣ͨɢϢӰҶ棬ҶѪ񶯵
Ҷ۾ص˸Բһһ֮Уʱ˽ͨ״̬ЩҶӰ죬˲併˴롣
Ҷ£һƺڻҺں̵ܶʱڵҶؿڸ顣
ƺڻҺҶؿڵɲǣҶоΪаĺû˼֡
һҶͽƺڻҺؿ飬Ҳ⵱ڣҶɫٴδ䡣
ͣ
Ȼ޷ֹͣӺڻȡڻҺҶϿڻڵĺڻҺҵйڵĺˮһ㣬Ҷڿӿ
һӿ룬ҶڵĺڻҺҶǰȡֱ˼ʮҶڵһɲǣҶֱ۾Ѿںɫ
ҲҿҶĺѾɣҴǰսĵָֿ֮һĺҪǿ
Ҫǻͨصߣһ£첲ȻˣڻҺ֮ᾡ٣

Ҷֽſ˦ָ뽫Ǻڻָ˦ѣҪǣڻʱճҶָһ㣬ҶľȻҲ˦ѡ
鼱֮£ҶȥڻȴڻڵĺڻҺʣѹͲá
Ҷ꺣еӿϺڻйĿӡ
Ҫǣڻֲ̫ˣǿ൱ڿߵⰡźԹɷȸ
ҶϺڻͻᱻڻڳĺڻҺ÷飡
ͻȻ䣬ҶͰǰϣȻһ˿ľϲ
һƱҶڵĺڻҺڽɲǣ˸˼£ںĺڻҺͻؾͷһЩɱ䡣
̺ĺɫɫȵȸԱָֻ׸ǴСһ⣬ɫ⡣
ǣеĴѹûн
ָ׸ǴСһɫ⿪ʼٵıѹٴ˲ϢĹָ׸ǴСɫ⣬ͱС
ֱӱŨʮ
ǣⲻҪı仯Ҫԭɫ⣬ˡɫ
ɫ⣬һܹ˾ķ֡
ɫƷס
£һλǿͻͻƣʼնɫġ
˵ϹʱмĹܹͨƷ״ɫɫ
֮⣬ֻһЩ̺ѪϹż壬̺Ѫߵȵȣӵɫɫɫ⣡
ƷײͬҲر
˵ͬ£֮£ɫɫҲѹԵƣ׵Ļ
Ҷ֮ԶԴ˽⣬Ϊµԭ
뿪֮ҶΪ֪µĳغͼ磬ഫϹŵĹ±ҳ֪йƷ׵Ĳ
Ҫǵʱĵطڲͬʻ⡣
ΪҶ׷Ҫϧǣµļûвȴ֪ೣ˲֪š
ҶһӣΪôǿ󣬵Ʒף޷һҲֻɫ⡣
Ҷû뵽龹Ȼܹɫ⡣
˲õǰΣգҶ澪ϲĽСɫ˻꺣֮Уһ·ϣ꺣ɲǣɫİԵͱ˳
Ȼ֮һֱӳɫ֮Уһ·룬ֱ뵽֮ϡ
һ𣬶ܱһ߷Χڣûһ˿һɫ⡣
Ҷ澪ȵǣɫҶϵһɲǣɫ£Ҷ澹ȻֱܹӸо׳ɫ¿ٵ׳
ȴϲõʱΪָҶйڻҺĺڻҶʹв
йĺڻҺҶұʧȥ֪
ھĻҺҶҲٵӦԵĲԡ
ѾйڵĺڻҺҶɿĽؿڵڣ齫ڻҺڵĸѹΪǿɫ⡣
ͬʱҶ߶£ڵӿסͬʱҶĿ߶£Ҷ͵ؿ
ǳ鴤һ㣬ٶȣƽʱٶҪ屶ֹ
ҶǻдʱǼһţƤսһ㣬ڷû£ܼͳĺ
ķٳ鶯ֱӵþҶѪҺٶһ˲屶
ʵʲôķţֻǻ龳꺣߼һط
ѪҺĿ£ҶѪˢˢˢˮˮͬʱѪҺĿҲ˾޴
޴ȫÿһѪܵĵطůҶ汻ڻҺҪָҲһ˿ů⡣
ͬʱȫǰĦһ𵴳ˢȫѪ⣬ĻԿǺڻҺڼа
һŻԵƷ龧ϢĴӴָҶֱ֮УЩŰĻϵʱͳҶľ䣡
ʩ֮£ڻ黴аҶĳ⣬ﵽҶܹܵĳ̶ȣ
ͬʱһɹָϸĺڻϵĳҶؿڵڣϵıѹɫ⣬ܿıҶ꺣壬תҶԼ
ûãҶΧܲһȦϢޱȵɫ⣬ܱ߾۽ɫһȣ޻һ㡣
Ż꺣ɫٵ࣬ڻйĺڻҺҶΣҲʹ˽
ԭйĺڻҺԽԽ࣬ڻǸȱڷɿţȱڵͬһʱйĺڻҺԽԽࡣ
˵ǣҶ߶ոյõɫ⣬Ȼ޷ȫסȱڣȴܹ׵Сڻϵȱڡ
仰˵ɫ⣬ҶͿԿƽڵĺڻҺ٣Ǳڵв
ܲסʱ򣬿ýڵĺڻҺȼ٣ܳܵĻܼӿڻҺٶȡ
£ͷСĺڻһۿɼٶСţƤǱȥ˹ˮƤһ㡣
ͬʱҶҲڷɿ׳ţ


820 ̫ϳ
Լʱ֮ҶָճŵĺڻͱһճһĸƤһ˿ڻҺڻǲ㲻֪ʵĸƤϢĻ˷ɻҡ
ͬʱҲҶ泹׵һӵе൱ڿߵĺڻ
ʱʱ
֮ô죬йء
ڻڵֱģҶսĿߵⲻһЩߵ⣬ŨŨЩߵϢӡҪҶһա
ڻʵ壬Щߵ⣬ȴû취ֱġ
ڻֱſʱɡ
ʱʱȻ̣ҶΪȴûԤеĿͽ
ʱʱڣҶΪǴؿ쭵أִؿ쭵أ͵Ϊֹˡ
Ҷǰյһλߵ
£ֱ֮£ٴҲܸҶ嵽ɵľҪСĶࡣ
Ҷźڻ֮ΪҲܹͻƵأԸߵΪ
ʵϣҶĿǰΪոͻƵضѣ
ԭܼ򵥣Ҷ꺣ڵ󲿷ֶɫ⣡
Ҷ۲ѹ̣ʮɫܴһɫѣ
ҶΪֻﵽصԭ򣬵ǣҶָоصԱһصǿص⡣
Ʒף
Ʒ֮ĲǾ޴ģ
ʮٶ࣬Ҳ޷նһ͵ıȻΪƷϵĲûôţԲС
ԣҶķȲ󣬵Ҷսǳɱǳġ
Ҷڴ֮ǰ֪ؾӡǾǴ
Ҷ潫۳Ϊ֮ǰʵһֱʱûиҶƷס
ҶṩƷ̫޷
ҶΪǿгȡߵ׳Լ֮Ҷȴһֱû⡣
ҪȻҶɫͽ׵ɫ⡣
ȻҪҶǰĻҶΪпܵ䵽һҲпܵģ
Ϊʮѹ
Ҷʱ˿̾ᵽ˾޴Ĳ࣡
ڻ֮ҶĻ꺣д󲿷ֵⶼѾɫ⣬кܴһϸɫɫ⡣
Ҷ波ŽЩѹһͨ
ȻҶոͻƵص⣬ͻĵ䵽أ
ɫⱻѹֱ֮ӱʮҶΪ벻䶼ѣ
û£Ҷлһźڻ
λɷҲ벻ò׸ıȻȫҶ棬һ㣬ƴҲ벻
ܿģҶٴοʼһźڻ
һҲûһ˿һΣա
Ҷ꺣ڼ侫ɫ⣬ȫԿסڻаĺڻҺ˺Ҷٵ
һεٶȸ죬ʱһʱҶһźڻҶΪڻָ֮ǿͻƵ֮󣬾ûκ
ҶЩԾ൱ӵпߵĺڻȫ֮󣬾ȻֻҶΪأ
£龻ʱɵģôźڻȫˣҲ൱ڳ׵һλߵ
ҪɫĻҶʱΪӦأ
ʵϣֻأ
ò£϶ֲܿǣҶȴܵģ
պȣ
൱ӵпߵ⣬ֻҶ潫ΪأôҶΪһôֲ飡
ߵΪÿһصһؿߵһ
ʮɫѹ׳һɫ⡣
仰ҶҪһأҪͬĿ߶ึʮŬ
𣬺пʮ๦๦Ĳ
ҶպҺڻΪҪأ̶ͬȵĺڻҪĿţҪأ̶ͬȵĺڻҪ˿ţҪأ̶ͬȵĺڻҪʮţ
ڶļ䣬һͳĺħȼ鵤ϰǳɹڻģʮš
ʮźڻ֮У˳ɣϢڿ֮£ʣµɺڻϢڿ뿪֮䡣
ϵģǳĺֻһöɢϢĺڻöҶ档
ջ񣬾ǳȵģûиջأ
˫һգҶٴοʼĥеɫǿԱԲת⣬ָʹ
˵Ľɫ׳ɫ⣬Ҷ滹ʲôأ
ˣ׶ûǸأ

ϿڣǾ޿ӿҽԽԽ٣ҽڱԵشҽѾȴƣҽһʱ⣬ȴԽԽ࣬ԽԽߣߴף
ߴ׵ʱ⣬һ޴һ㣬Ҫضزˣ챦Ϣǲϳһ㣬˷
ʱ䣬ۼϿڵĿߣֵѾ˶ʮλĿҶлҪࡣ
۽˷ߣһλ
ڰǰųɵߣǳ뿪뿪˻Ͽ
Ϊ̶̵ʱ䣬ϿѾһ޴ɱ
һǰλ߽鵽Ͽ̽ǡһλѾõĿߣ˳Ѫߵ硣
ǿ߲˳ۣ߳ײλѪʮ֮ڣɱߡ
ߣΪ͵أߵأ
ңѾʱڻϿڱɱĵʮһλߡ
ͷĿڻϿֵͬʱ˳Ʋɱ˵߸ߴʮˣ
ԣһģɴ뿪˻ϿϿ·챦ᣬܹġ
µʮߣ޲Ϊﵽ߰۷սȿһߵĴڡ
£۵ĶǿǣǴ˾޴ѹǸոһͳǵ̳̳ѹ֮󣬼ֱ
ǰ̫ϴ˾˳ǣħԪ壬¸ոսĳǳҪЩߺˣ
ˣ鷳ɲϣһЩûеߵа޵֮
̳ˣ̫ϴˣһ⼱ѶĥҶоѡ


821 
̫ϴԭ¦ӣ¦ұɱ̫֮϶˾˳λϡ
˾ҶҶ֪ģԭҶҪһλߣͲҪ˻ˮˡ
ǧڷѶ˵аţ˾еҶסǣֻҪϼգָֹܹ
ǧۻǺ۹ģ˾ǰʡҶ治£ҪĻҪȻĻҶѹ˰ȵ졣
ʱյ˾˵ķѶҶҲǴһ
̫ϴ˾ΪҲǿصߣΪǸߴ￪۷壬뿪ֻһ֮ң
ΪǶϿߣҲӦοħԪСè˵һλߣλλҲܹӦ
񣬺ӡȻ漱ˣ
ѶҶɫͱޱȣĥջڣһ˾Ǵһƴ
ոոûõĳϿգλ£һаߣϿſĹЦţһ߿Цһ߽š
ʶģϸϷ׼ͯͯŮҪȻϷȾƽֲ̳
Ϸƽǳ̳˵꣬ҪΪϷá
ǵĽƺ˻ţϸֱĻͻῴһƺżֺͯģ
·ոոĳɳǳĳ̳̳ѾȫʮλĴڴĸ󷨽ڵϣȫάŻ̳
ĵĿյϣ˵ųʮλߣЩһɫɷҰ깥
Ҷ۵ǣСèȻҲĽųڵϣ֫ͣĳ鴤ţʱʱһһʶľֵĺʯĻ۵ɵôģһʶûУ
̫ϴ˾ʱҲǧ¥ĻУһ̲ĿĵѪɫǻҰܣӦУƺҲܵ𵴡
ҶǿΪһɨϾͽ˾Ƹˡ
ӦȻܵ˾ΪҲǲƱ߾ͺࡣ
ӡ롢۵Χ˾ԣӡ⣬ÿ˶һħԪ֣գеλߣħԪ֣ƺһ㡣
֮⣬˷УʮߵϢÿһϢһλߡ
Щûһվ˵ȫԹһУλɹʹ˳̳£ֻɱó̳Ԫ¡
һ㣬ڴ֮ǰǧҶ档
ϣΪߵĴڣϼһⱲӾȷѪֱʤ
ԣߣˣΪ̫̫࣬͸ܶѾûƶа֣֮һЩرµ⣬ˣֻںں̡
ȻҲ⣬Ҳѣ󲿷ϼһǳΣա
γֵɲǣҶ䵽СèߣָڵһʱСèĶͷ
СèתһȦҶһ
СèֻܴѣСèڣ̾ɭɭĺͣҧСèꡣ
Ҷֻһɫӿ룬ͽøɸɾСè쳣ʱʧ˳˯
ҪϢԵʡ
ҶؿڹŵħڳȡһħĻ֮꣬󣬽һСèͷ
ԸӦСèѾָܹ׵Ļָˡ
£Ҷһӡ
СèƷޣޱȣǣһ˶սʱȴǳΣգһó깥ߣ̫Σˣһһ㣬û嵽λаǰͱλа޵ķ깥ˡ
ȻǰͻйأǰļͻУСèģλа֪̳һֻٶƷޣ׼йأҪȻСèٶͻϮ֮£ǿصߣҲֲá
Ҷ浽һŵĺӡһæҶ棬ҶȴûӡʮλذԵһһ߹
ÿ߹һԣͻḧǵĶͷһ£ǵСèĲ࣬Ϊ걾Сèֻ޵Ҫǿһ㣬ܵҪһ㡣
Ҷֻ̾ǻ꺣֮ڵǻϾͻָˣȻҪºһµĿ๦Ҳͻָˡ
ҲҿЩ˵ƲأҪȻҶҪѪˡ
ʮλߣһ˲õʵ£λߣҲꡣ
һĻúӡ롢۵һ𾪣ǴǰҲ쿴Щ˵ƣ֪ƣҪˣǵûܵɭɭķɡ
û뵽Ҷʮ˵ƣȻǾ֮͡
̫ϴ˾Ҳһľ㵣ǹҲǷ˺ôŻȥˣҶȻɣ
ô£ħԪҲβǣҶ涢ͷϵޱŵͷһ
ԣҲЦ̳޷ǣƺķֳһӰħԪֻΣÿһζ䱬ǵķ
̳ѾˣǱǵĸưԵаޣϿǱǶߵϹս˳Ʊ¹ţֶμѪȣҲΪ̡
һǳ̳£ҪΪҪʱɱʲδѰһϵɱʹãҪͯͯŮزģʱڴղ롣
ȻǾҵǳ̳ҪǸһʱѼͯͯŮ˵ӡɫЩ̳žܾǵҪ󣬲Ÿ̳ôĻ£
ûüڱնɱķ̳ߣѾʮˣ
ҶһĺӡöԣҪǸҴӦһһɱ㣡
ˣЩߣԲܡԽ
ҶᶨĿڳһһɨǰոճΪҶܵĽҲһ˿
ȥֵܣһǱģÿߵͷǣ
ߵɲǣҶγ𣬾ֱ˳̳Ļ̳󣬴̴̵ӭɭޱȵı
ǰɣһԲõĻᣬʮϢ֮ڣԲڴˣҿԸǵһʹ죬ҪȻٹɻ֮࣬Ӳģ
УҶһĵȻͷ·ڼҴһ·˵Ĳ˵һƽС¡
Щص㣬صǣҶΪ
ҶصΪȻвΪߴ￪صλߡ
ⳡʵЩ
Ц˷ĺüλߣҲҶ仰Ц


822 ٹɻ
һصСһߵϹԲã
̫ˣ
˶һָоӦõߵŶԣ
ӦصصСԲòŶԣʱƫƫ˹
ҪǣصС˵һ˭ԸоⲻڿЦ
ԣ˷ĿǣЦˣ飬ֻͨзɵӲԣЦһɵӣЦú޼ɵ
ԶսһЩԸȥ߰صߣҲЦ
ǰһ˵ǵγһӢһȻǸɵƣ
ҪⱱԲãЩ߼ǸҪ뽵һջӵļһһƲеĿ߶ԣ
ͬʱڴһ֮ҲһֵЦ
СӣΪ˭ԲãΪ𣿡
ϴЦˣ˰죬̳̳ȻôԲаϴ󣬾ֱӳ֣ȳ˵֮еĹȼЦ
ϴХֳҶһۣ˵ͷȥɣɱ꣬ƺǲźð£Ǳɲǣ
İɣϴ󣡡
Ĺһͻطֱ˺ƶĤĹХӿƺӰţ·һһƮҶ档
ͬʱĹ˫۶һŹХĺɫ⻪ʹĹ˫֮Ҷ棡
ɫ⻪ɲǣ̳ڵĺӡ롢ǧ¥
̳Сģ
Ϊžɫ⻪Щһһش˶̫ϴ˾
ɫ⻪Ҷ΢΢һ̣Уǲм
깥ͨ˫۷⻪ոʵʶѣźɫΪɫ⡣
Ҷ꣬Զˡ
ңҶΪûд֮ǰҶҲ̶ֳȵ깥
οڣ
Ŀ֮£Ҷ澹Ȼܣֱ۾ӭɫɻ⣬·ĳ̳ʧ󾪡
ͬһʱ̣˷Ŀͬʱ̾Ϣһˣ
ⱱɻʵһּͨĹǿΪܹʤǿͨط
£ɻǰǿҲӲӣʱƵŵģԣһĿص߶Ǳ
ٺ٣СӣҴԲѣүүŪꡭ
֮߳࣬ɫ⻪Ҷ֮ǰĹ˫Ŀٴ˸һ˿⣬ֱӴ߶Լһ˿߶˳ȡط
ֻˮɵ飡
ǣһɲǣ͸о˲Ծ
ɻ䵽ϣͷ·һī֭ˮһ㣬ʱմȾߵַ꣬·ȵһ㣬ߵ죡
ǺҶڵɲǣȴоǺһ鱻յͨ壬ɻ⣬˻ͣ
ɲǣɻ˲ʧûһ˿һ˺
Ĺɫ䣬ֽһܵģͼոմ߶귢ĳȡ
ĹǰȡܹɹǶԷʱպһ㣬߶ĳȡһͷȥԻɻ
߶ԣһ˿һʧ˲õˡΪ˿̶ֳȣԶ֫壬Բʧ
ӣˣ
Ҷޱȵ˿ֲޱȵŽͨĸӦ֮Ҳǳɱ
һϸ΢ı仯Ҷ͸Ӧˡ
ҶͬʱҶϢĲĹ߶ȡһ˿꣡
ĹȴûκθоɷɿޱȵĽһ˿ڣ
һ˿ڡĹոһɲǣɫرòҰޱ䣡
һɲǣѪ˲;ĹӣɲǵĹ򣬾ĹǳͷС
ۣ
һ죬ѪԽֱӳĹԿǣĹȵԿǳ˰׸ߣһҺĹ걻һ΢ĲʹֱӴͷϵƿקѸ׵ķҶ档
Ųʹ⣬Ҷɫ⣡
Ĺߣ׺źԺɫΪ⣬׷Լ꣡
𾪵ǣĹȵ⣬Ȼ׷꣬׷ϵʱ꣬Ѿ߬Ҷ
ָһĨҶǰƥ͸Ĺȵ֮ϵ
˲Ϣ䣬ĹȵͱһҶս˴ָֻʣĹҶŭ
쵰ſӣ
ң

һĻ仯̫ˣ
ǰصСһһģգۼ䣬ͱΪߴ￪صĹȵڰˡ
⻭任̫ˣ˷ĿߣΪ⣬ûпһĻôġ
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Щ˷пӵĿ˽֮ʣҶ飬Ҳи
Ѿ˷ʮﷶΧȷûзɽӰӡ
Ҷƣɽʮа˾ţˣ
⣬ɲһܹܵģҲɽΪѾߴ۷壬Ҫǻһˣ类ɱˡ
Ҷ̳ɽӦˣԷˣͬһʱ̣˾
ҶһĿٴȻĶ˷Ҷĳлλǰ͹⣬λǰԶǿͣҶĳҲӦþ֮ˣ챦֮ǰλǰڳǵĳסȫҶĳģ
λǰͣҲӦи˵ӣ
Ҫλǰ˶ͣɾͱҶĳˣٹɻζ
仰ҶֵĽ˵Ĳлٴ׳ַų˽ЩСħĻ꣬⻮һȦӣһ֮Ҷ˳
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˷ӵĿǣɫٴһ䣡
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޲ȻһЩΪ͵ߣĲҽŵӣһǸ
ЧҲǼΪ˵ģ
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һӾͱȶޱȣҲóͨޱȡ
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ӡˬˣǳڵҶ棬ȴһĵǣ
СӢۣûһնɱɽЩЩ鷳ˣȫ£ҪʱɽϮҶһԴͷʹûնɱɽ֢̫ˡ
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ɽҪ̳Ϸ򣬵ǾԲһ߶ֻ֣ҪǲɽĻ
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ңɽڴɽҲкôһƬҵɽˮҵһɽǾԲ޳ܵ͵Ϯҽ̵ͨߣ
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Ͽ޿ҽֹͣɲǣɰǧѶͷ˷ҲһεѰʼ


827 Ԯ
ڻϿҽֹ֮ͣʱҶסˡ
ӻϿҽֹͣ俪ʼд߾۽˻ϿΪֹѾʮߣǿߣ
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ͬһʱ̣Ҷһ֣·ѾۺʸħԪ־ͬһʱλ赺ߡ
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棡򹬹ˣ̫ϴ˾ɫΪ֮һ䣡


828 峡
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Щ߶ԵƺЩֶοͨߣǾЩǿ֧ŵĿߡ
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ѰĵҪ˵ʲôʱɽͻؿˣţ峡ûأﻹһСûиߣ
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829 ػĹ
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ʮߵĿһһɲǼҶ棬һ˲䶼Ҷһִĸо
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ˣȻλҶ츳ܹϺŶԣôҶҲѰʸ񣡲Ϸܺ棬ҲڴʲôʱҲҶУϺôԱģ˵
Ȼ仰ֻǸɽһ̨ף˵꣬Ҷ濪ڣֱ˵˵ݸλͬ鱨·ҽȻֻзԲףȴף俪ףȴף
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833 һ
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أɫ⻪һ˸еҶ棬ȻƾʧһĻЩͬʱ
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ʱ˶ѾǸͭǽǰ޷ĵػĹǣǰʮأܽȥˣ˭˭һ⡣
ڳĿǣһĺ֮κԽӽҲ޷ֹߵĹ
˭һָо˭ҪǸԴǸͭڳɫ⸲֮ǰ϶ᱻʮλߵͬʱɱ
齩ֵԼһӣɽ˾ʹסˡ
ȥ˭ȥĿܣǱ˺пѾҶ档
λҲǸ취ܲһɣװױҶ棡
Ϸ飬ɵָһг̽Ҫܹν룬ҲԿͨö˷ʱ䣡ɽ
ɽҲ֮飬ʱڳߵ׿ϣϾڳĿǣҶ־ǴҶȥ½֡
˭̽Ǹ⣡
λͬϷҲֱָ˳ˣʱλҶҶѾʧȥϵǽȥˣǱĨɱˣȥطһδ֪
лҲżΣգУһѡϷָ峤䧣
ָڶ࿪һƣȻҲΪϴصģŵȻΣԼš
˾Ӱȴ֮Աǡ
ĿŵȨı˽ֻ޳ܵ˹Ľڡ
͵ĵƷļһ
ɽὭ˵֧Ԯľͱִȥһϸ֮峤䧣С۶ͭ
ģ֮ͬǰҶһ㣬ҲһɫסʧɫӰٴγ֡
һ촽ģʽʽ֣֤Ҷ뷨ǰӰӦþһܶѡ
˰ʱ֮峤䧵ͻȻڳɫʧˣƾʧΪΪۺ죬Ϊż
ûڣ峤ЩʹԶϷµûǸҶ棬пѾػĹʼп飡
ڶ࿪ߴʧɫ׷Χѯϸ
ǣڵ£峤䧽ߵгѡǸĻ˧˺ӵĻ衣
ȻͱֱӴ͵˰֮⣬ʧܣ
ңԣôͭûκηӦ
ȻڴֽҫһأľȷģҲĳϣŻὫϸκгˣǾδˡ
һȺ֮е˼֡
Ȼ󣬾һѡѡˡ
һΣûָѡЩԸ˽˼ĿǾûôˡ
˭֪ȷѡĸ
ҪѡʧܣһεѰԵˣ
ҿĿǰƺȷѡǿ̽ġ
ȻҲôλðյĿǣǴˣǰп飬Ǻôɾ̫ˡ
ϾӦֻһݣ
ܿģѡһλ۶޴ͭĿߡ
λ߿۶֮ͭǰڳĿǣλ߷һܶԣ
ѡʧܱͳ뽫ѡĴ𰸺ޱĸڳˣԹ߲ο
һܴķӣһ֮̽£ͿԵóȷ𰸡
ʵϣǰڲμӵػĹпһһʮˣܹһؿߣ͸ߴһϣҲΪԭ
ػ˧û뵽ȷѡǿԳԳģ֮ϵܣЩʧһΣʧȥٴαʸ񣬾ͻǰһһ飬Ҳܹͨһؿԭ
ûô򵥡
峤֮һˣֻһȷѡһ飬ˣȫʧܡ
䧣ʧܵĴУʦá衢幫ѡ飬ȴȫΪͨ͡
ҪƣڳĿ˵˻ѻ
һ֮ڶ࿪ߵó˴𰸣ѡܲǵѡ
һλʧ֮˵õͨһؿȷ𰸣
λ֪ȫѡһ
⣬ҲҶĴ𰸣


834 ħ
ڵĻ˧ĵһ飬ĳ̶ֳϽҶ沢ԵĻ˧ѡ
Լ״ٶԼĻ˧ͬʱ䣬ô죿
ҶҲźüλ֪ҶãĻ˧ѡһ죬ҶҲ
ʱҶξأ
ҶǵĻ˧ǰ㣬ֻѡһλλҶ
ÿÿ룬Ҷ涼һ絶ĸо
Ҷ治ҲԸκһλ֪ѡ
ΪһǿУӵ檣顣
ҪǣҶϲǵеÿһλ
ԣҶͬ⣬ҶԻԵĽŮȫյߣ뿪
ҶãĻ˧ڸϣƺûжٰ
ȻֻҶԼѡ
嵽ϣҶΪĻ˧ƺѡһ޷ֹ緢ѡһĻ˧ֻ֣ǿջЦֻʹࡣ
취˶ߣƺõѡ
ҶãֻѡһĻ˧ҲûҪΪпĵһء
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ǣǰʧĵĻ˧ĲӰٴγ֣
ˣϲ㣬ڸϣϷӵ¸ңӵĴ󵨣ԺӦòϷı磬ԣ㽫лϷУȻǰͨ飡
±ߣϷǰڶ飬棡
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ֻѪɫģ
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ܹõħ層ݿռħս죬ǳɹܹ˿飡
ȻϷҵǴˣһ֣ԣϷµһЩϷķȣǿ׵ĶɹΣգ˵꣬Ļ˧ĲӰʧ
ҶȴЩ㣬ƺʼˣ
ǰһſĴϣͻȻƮһȭͷСѪɫ㣬Ҷ漲ޱȵ
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ǣҶħеħĻ꣬ǿһֻ˧ħĻ꣬ҲǼСѡ
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Ѫɫ⻪ҶĻ꺣֮УҶ͸оǱѪײһһ㣬ɫⶼЩܲסľҵһ¡
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ҶľףֱܹӺɱ꽫ħĻ꣬ǻ˧ħĻҲشǰֻħĻ꣬Ҷľ׺֮£ƺûжӰ졣
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ᣬҶǰħڣģһģʹ߶ħһֱӽֻ޴ħĻħ֮С
ҪҶʱħؾ֮˴ħĻ꣬ȻħսǧֻħĻ꣬ԸħĻַѾǳˡ
ֻħĻս֮Ҷһ
ҲҿΪǿ󣬶ɫ⣬Ҫһߣһ߰ߣ޴ħĻѪɫ֮£ҲҲˡ
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ǺڻҶ濴Ϲĵ伮УҶ涼ûзģĻء
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ֻͷСħĻ꣬һιҶ棬ҶһˣӲħȡ
ҶؿڵħϹħսݣƺǰħ層ݣҲһϵɢϢֱܹȡĿǰֵħĻꡣ
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ҶǾȣΪڴ֮ǰҶЩħĻ꣬ûжټ䣬żҵ䣬Ҳûô
ǰȭͷСħĻļУȴһйħħĻһݡ
һֻȭͷСħĻ꣬ȡЩħĻļ䣬Ҷų׵ĸйħĻһ
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ʵһ㣬Ҷˡ
Ļ˧ѡߵҪĲߡ
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п֮У˵һ֮⣬֮ǰϹħսϵߵˮƽ趨ġ
ʱߵսǳǿͬΪ֮£ϹʱڵߣͬΪʮ˸
ҲûϵϹħսԾޱĵػĹڵ򣬾Ȼû½ϣһֱҲߣ
ҪǴξޱ䣬Ļ˧Уֵ֮Ҷ񣬲žͱϹЩǿޱȵŸ̳ˣ
ȻҶأҶܿ͵̬ȻˣǾҪ뷨飬ãҲҪųȥ
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ôܲ˳ɿ飬ЩҪˣ
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ͻأһɢż䱩ŰϢ⣬ǰ֣ٵҶӽ
Ŀ⿴ȥɲǣҶ۾ͻһɣħ壿


835 ħ
ҶĿǿǿɫ¸żʮҲܿɢűŰϢڵӰӣ
ӰӸߵĳеƣֱϿһԴȣ⼸Ͽ˺
ǣǻĳ첲Ҷһ˵ŵһسβˣڸߴɵߣѾôˡ
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ٸ˲࣬۾һӣûѪãڣ˸ŽĽʲ㡣
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ˣһڿԳԵޱȵˡŤֵǣҶ澹ȻǰĻ
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ȻҶ˷ҹûмȥѰνħ層ģȥ뷨ͨ顣
Ȼǰߵһٶ߶սˣһٶ֮УԲܸȫ֮ǵУ˵кܴһǷǳǿߡ
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ǳҪһʱ䣬ǰħ層ݣҲپǧʱˣǧʱڣ֪˶ٶħ壿
붼ҶͷƤ顣
ʱʱڣҶĶħֻˣ˵ǣ˫ħ壬ǰɱսǿıħ壬࣬ʮλħ֮Уͻһλıħ塣
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ȻЩħ壬ҶջҲĴģҵַһٿ飡
Ļ˧λǰ֪ǿ鿼ߵĻǹ۲ķص㷽λǳء
ΪǷԭӦûжЧ
ҲʯͷҲڿ֦УҲ밵ɫһҲĳͷУҶЩطҵ١ģʽķ
ҵЩĵطɣΪзĵط;۽ŲħĻǶħ塣
ҶҪһõЩΪǿǿУΪռݴ
֪λǰ˶ٷܼ١
˼䣬Ҷ۾ͻһУʮ⣬һɫУһߵӰ죡
ЩǣҪ𣿡


836 ɽѡ
һɫŴµĿǣҶɽԻ赺Ļ˵Ӱ
Ҷüͷһ֡
Ҷû뵽Ȼ˶Ŀ߽롣
ҶԭΪһܹ赲һϵĿߣû뵽Ҷ滹ǽ鿼ǵ̫ˡ
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ܸߣʵǣıֶ÷ǳá
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837 ʰ
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һûҶ棬ոͳһĳǣҪˡ
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ǶλҽˣȻռ㹻ĵĻ˧µķǰħ層ݵĳͨ飡
Ҫģ
Ҷ˵ĳϿңӰ˾ҲǴܿͬˡ
Ϣ֮ҶŻӦ֮󣬿Сèת˲ʧѪɫС

ǵĻ˧ԼҲû뵽µп֮УһԵӿ˶࿪ǣҶĹ̥
ɽһӿΪҶ鷳Ķӿǣ״ÿӵʧǳС
˺Ὥ³ĶֱԱ֮⣬볤աҲĶ飬Ȼս
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ң˷̽ҲҵٵĵĻ˧µĸɫսоʹ÷սС
Ҳ£ǰѾƬħ層ݵ̽òˣɹҵ˴ڱشħ層ݡ
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ΪȼλΪǿĿߣħ層ڣӦЩڶܵĿ־Ϣ
󿪸۷Ϊ۷ĿֲڣֻԷȫͷų۷Ϣʱ򣬲ǵһ˿˿ѣ
ڿ־壬ɢϢǸӦ־壬Ǿܣ
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ǶԷǴ˵СĴܣ
仰˵ħ層֮УλΪܵĿֲڣ
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ҲҶ治̤ħ層ݰ벽ԭ
ƾٶȺƿҶõϢҪһЩ
ռذ﷽Բħ層֮У˵ܲľ󷨣ŶǧλħĻħ֮⣬һλ۶ħһλ꽫ħĻ꣡
λɢϢʵֲ̫ˣ
ѹҶɫ⻹ܿסֻǸоԼԼܵϢѾʼˣ
ܣ˼壬Ѿ˸ϰУѾ̤֮·
˵Ϊһ̤ͻĻΪıԵʽֱ滯Ķͻᱻ׵ķ
һָһȭ֣֮սֲ
λ۶ħҶ治ֻ̫꽫ħĻ꣬ҶȴһָоҶ꽫ħĻ꣬ԷֻһһͿֱҶ꣡
ҶɫⱣҲǰ״
Ϊֻ꽫ħĻ꣬ΪѾصĴܲˣ
ңΪ̤֮ڣרһħĻרһΪصĴܲ࣬սҪԽصĴܣ
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ҶţȻĻ˧Ĳãֻǿߵǿߵսλֲħ壬ԻнķֻҶĿǰûзֽİ취ѡ
ԣڷ֮Ҷ沢ǵһ㣬۽ħ層ܱѰһᣬ˷תѰ
ҶΪǵĻ˧пܻ¼ǿԺɱλħܵķ
ѼŸɫ֮Ҷ뷨
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Ҷġǿһصߣõɱܵķ»ûͻᱻЩħ巢Укɱ
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Ҷ治ħ層ܱϸ̽ţûҵħĻ굹ս˺ܶࡣ
ħڵĻĿѾǧˡ
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ҪҲλֲħķǸòᱻһɣһˣҶЩ£
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һ˼ţҶһڸ߿ǿĿſܵ
Ҷ温嵽͵㣬ٴγҶ潫ԲڵĴξ۵׵ʱҶͻһм䣬ʹͣͣ
Ҷڸ߿յʱ·Բڵ߸Сɽȣƺһ̳


841 α֮
ħ層ݵΧ̽ÿ춼ûκνչջȥɲɰ
⼸Ѿλ߱ͻȻħѲ߶ӸնɱˣҪҪǿһ£
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ǺὭеĿߣѾԱˣΪֹսˣѾ֧һ֧顣
ǿĶ飬˳յһ֧˾ȻˣҪԻ赺ߣսǿ󣬾ȻܹӲıħ·硣
ߣսһصߣһ̫ϳˣʵǿ
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֣һ࣬˭壬˭ҳ壿
ߣħ層Ͽ۾ħֲû˵㣬ϷȥҲɣ
ὭüͷҲǰ취ƺûзĳڣ޷ȥѲֻ
仰⼸λ鶼һ⡣
ǰеĻԵǵÿܻܲųȥҪ⣡
취ȥˣԺų˵Ҳż
ݻװǰѰð˼ķգ뿪̫ã̵ĸֳ߲ʱϵĻ̿»⡣
취룬Ϸðоħ層ܱߵķ󷨣ɾûʲô֡³ҲһƣĿǰƺһ֡
λҿһ֣
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ͬʱ̧ͷɫ⻪ճһɲǼ⻪˲Ϣɢͷϵ¶ЦĿǵҶ档
ʱλɫ䣬ΪҶ̫ˣֻаң룬ڿ߶ԣ͸ûʲô
ǾȻûзҶ棡
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ҶϲɫȻΪ⼸ϼһģ෴ģǱҪҶǾԲԸ⼸ϼһкġ
ҶΪȷһЧ

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Ҷȴһֱܷɹõħ層ڵħս죬п߸Сɽڵļ̳йء
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۾׹˸װһںģ
װĹװҶͷƤ鰡һ㽭˼ߣ¼仰ͻᱻװͶأ֮
Ὥüͷһ壬˶˵ĽʵҶ㵽׷ʲô
ӣὭαɣҲܲϲ
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ħ̳߸Īɷħ̳Ҷ滰˵꣬³Ⱦ


842 
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Լ̳Ľ跽λȽϸߣӦɷλұħʦļ̳ħ׼۽ޱħ
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ȻУս죬ȷʵûκ㣬ǣټϼأһλǿصĴڣΣ
˵ǰ΢΢һЦɣ
Ҷʮһ󲨶Ժų볤񽫼Ҷ󣬾Ȼ뻢˶Ҷγǰл֮ƣ


843 
ߣأǹ뽵ǿԿǸһʹ죡
ŴӺ߻лĳˣƴЦһ˷ܡ
һλ赺֧ԮɻãǸϵʱɻѾⲻǵΣǣǲܽɻõĳ̳Ϊɻñǻȥ֮Ҫġ
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ĳ˲ǣû뵽ֻŵһôͷǳˬĴӦǼл׷ٶҶ档
Ҷ澹ȻΪûз
뽵ƾǼ𣿡ҶЦ˵ǣǶһ֣뽵ģҲֻǣ

ֱˣҶʵֲǲ֪սǿ𣿵ǣ㱾ΪҲˣ
ôˣֻҪһ˵Ĺ㣬ڣݵЩƺһǰЩӡ
˵ţͻӿޱȼʵʵĵֵɲǣͽմ̵죬ɱ⣬ʱҶ档
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繫ԣһҶκö˵ĹͻǵصйҶ档
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˵ţҶңңĳ˹ֿ֣񽫼飬ֻǲ֪λǳ̵񽫻񽫣

һЦһĨͽϵαװȥ¶ĿҶȻĿ磬ϸ緢Ϊǿ˧šţ
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ģҶĳһֳֽ֮ͷ̤ڣ̤̣

ҶأҶһۣͬʱЦֻЦЦ󣬾ܷƼرɫɱ
ɲǼ䣬˵ɱ⣬Ҷ棡
Ҷ棬ٸһλᣬ򣬱һ֣ڶûлᣡ
ΪʲôͲأҶЩΣ˵˵ǰ˸ˣһӿߣҲ
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˾ͷҽУѪ
Ϊһ˲ܵҵ𵴣⣬˵ӶֱۿȻžıۿѾˣ
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ҶԶħս죡

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ʼգֻһ
ͷһͻȻ䣬Ҷ뵽һµĿܡ֮ڳֵɲǣûд߶ֱӺɱҶ棬Ҫԭ򲢲߶ҪԳܵĴۡ
пǡͶ
ΪҶ¹ͨпڶصħս̫ˣߡ
Ƶ棬ĿһɱҶ棬ͬʱҲȥҪħս죡
ħս챻٣ô֮ǰŬһֱͰ׷ˣ
ҶƣǵΪʲôһֱҪԶħսԭ
ǣһҶԶħս죬ⵗܻڵһʱԥĺɱҶ棡

𣬵һƬȻ
ҶͷһװģŲһ㣬ȻҶķ֣󿴵Ķиһ˿Զ׼ϲɫ
֣ʵҶƶϣ
һɲǣҶͷһϸܵ亹߳
һΣĵһߵʱ̣ҲҲ
Ҫֻƴ
Ժ˼ת˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ뷨
ȻͶôҶһѣ
ĵûлȥͨеڶؿĹؼ֮ħսľģ
ңҶ治ҪûлȥħսľģҶֻҪһɲǵԥֻҪһɲǵԥҶĻᣡ
ΪͬģҶҲֻҪһɲǵʱ
һ
ô֤Զħս֮󣬻һ˵ͬʱҶѾϢ˵һ֮г˯ڡ
һɰޱ˱Ŀֲ⣬ʱҶӦ֮У
֤Ϸ쵱ţϷƷǱ֤Ǹһ˿޷Ц⡣
Ҷǳһ˿Ц쵱ţαӵ𣿡
αӡ֣ɫͱޱѿͬʱҶһ־ץħս졣
쵰
ɫɲǼͱޱȵѿ׺ޱȣеƵ͵رǡ
ڽδͬʱУȴһ˿Ե
ɱҶ滹ǲɱ
ѡܼѣ
ɱҶףһţ£ûܹסǣһħսҲһ
ǿǴ˴ͨĹؼ֮
һ٣ͽڿʧܣ
ҪǣĻ˧Уԣ̫Ҫ̫ˣ
ͬһɲǣҶȫڵ΢ӡʱһɫ⣬׵ĴҶԺ


848 ʧ֮
ɫֵɲǣͫףʱ˼£ǰᣬһǰʱȫ׵Ժ
һɲǣһֲĽ
ʵʵ⣬͵һ£ʱƵоϵ͵رһɫ棬ʱڷɳӭһõɫɫ⣡
ʵϣɫֵɲǣһҶ棬ҲΪԾ
ҶһֱάŽͨ˷κһ仯ӲҶĸӦ
Ϊɫ̳ɲǣҶͻȻ͸о˷ĿռݣȻʼҵ
Ǿҵ𵴣˷ĿռϣȻһơ
ɫԽĵطһԽࡣ
һɵȻÿռݳƣжôֲ
ɫĽ⣬ƥ
֮ϸ΢ĳȱһ룬Ȼǽ̺Ŀֲ˷飡
鼱֮£󵯳˽棬Ϊ¶˾ģΪ⽣üֲǶ޷ֵ
ƵҲϬޱȵĹı⣬ֱӺ⽣⣬
ǣɫɱƻ
ɫһʱ򣬲ûʲô˵Ķɫһͺıһ롣
һɲǣʳ汻ɫɢϤֽɳɰǧ鼫Сɫ⣬ɢڿС
ǣɫȴûжٳ̶ȵĴؿڡ
˲ϢʧȥеѪɫ
δвȻһɲ֡
һɲǣܹӦɫĽ̽ؿڵĴʹУ⻹δ壬ؿھѾʹѾ̺Ŀֲˣ
鼱֮£˵ǱܵģԥĽеƵǰ

һɫƮƮĴ̽ƣ
𿴴̵ƮƮģɫȴǾ䣬˲ϢϺɫ˵岻ܿһ󵹷ɶؿڵһɲǾƬ
仯˵ģȴǵеƣɫһֱȥ࣬һôĻڡ
ɵǣһǡþ˵յλãµյֱӱһĻڣԭڵյʹ⻪ͷ·һ㣬ӵյ˳
Ϲ·һɲǣΪ䵽ʱȼ棬渽שʯľ˲Ϣͻ˺ڻҡ
ŵյڵĵͰϹħ層ݵ˧ſڣʱȼһ
ͬһɲǣ֮ɫҶ棬ԥѪɫħս죡
һĪʱħս̽Ѹ׵ҶתһȦҶ̲סһսȻҶ滹ûзӦʱѪһչȻ͸ŨŨĻסҶ档
һɲǣڴƾʧҶҲʹʧ
ͬһʱ̣ʮλٶĿ߸ϵħ層ڣʱͷߵĶ۽˹λ̫ϳϣ
ǸϵʱǡþͿһ̵õɶģ
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һţѪͿп쭳
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һֽȥһߣ
ڶĳǴ󾪣ΧŹæʩƹѪֹѪֵҩûһ˵ĿС
ĿߣȴЩɵĿ˲ϢͽǰճҺڻҵ棡
ңнץסƣʱյǸڴڲϵϹ⣬ϹڲϵĻɫһ
ֻŵյڵϹⲻϵоϵ棬Խ΢ˣʱܹϨĵزˡ
λʩȣɫ鵤ҩι֮£ڻ۾Ϣȶ
۾һɫٴһףѪٴƲסĿһΣȴŭĲʩȣ˫ĶżϨƣӿһɿĴ֮ڡ
ÿһҪһѪתǰǰѪȻΪ̫
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ܹӦߵڰľǷһ㡣
պǿһ»ԣǴ߶磬ܾͻ᳹׵ı
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ǧ֮ؼĹؼȻһˣ
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˵ǲƣҲľˣ
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ĿǣһΧŵ׷֪ŵ顣
˵׷ʣһһԲĴһ£ǰȼյɫ棬Ȼ߶ƽɫսյܵĻָƵıԴ
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ƵıԴй¶ʼ֮󣬾ͿʼɿģȻѪյǰҪȼյɫ棬һɵıԴûջأ
ǰɫ澡գ뱻ճҺڻҵħ˧ڵǰʱ򣬵ؿھҵ˼£һѪٴο
ħսλãѾˣ
ҶҲʧˣ
ţĻ˧У׾Ե
ʧȥĸоõʹֱ裡
ֻԼ֪Ļ˧УҪȻҲλ̫ϳϼǰˣ
һǻ𣬶ĻУҲǻ֮
жӣжҪöԣ
ǰȴʧۣ֮
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ҲԵɲǣҶԺУͻȻһ


849 龻
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ֱӳȡҵı֪ҵıж𣿡
ҿ챻ˣڳ˯ʱ䣬ҹͣһΪʱ䣬Ҳǽָ˰ɶѣ
ڣֱӳȡһɵıš
Ľ֮ҵΪĹжǿҶͻأһ䡣
Ϊ̫ˣעųɵӵдǰ㶯õһɱʱ嵽ɵ˵
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ҶҡҡͷǲŵΣĽ֮ղֻܶı
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飬Ҫףؽһ壬һپ٣һ𣬶ûб壬ˣܺõȥ
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ԣڱҪʱһǻᶯıףҶЩζ
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⡭̫ܰɣҪΪܹﵽ۷壬ͻǸܡ
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仰ֱӴҶߣҶɫһҶĿǰȱݡ
ʵϣҶΪ츳Ѫ£һֱѰ츳Ѫķһֱûͨ似ҪȻĻҶΪûдﵽ۷壬Ҳﵽغˡ
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˵ҶζĶӰһۣһѾҵӡûѡõˡ
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ô˵Ҷһ㣬ܹΧСΧĳû˼˵Ѿܹṩ֮ˣ
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ԣҶ¶һ˿ɵЦݣҵǶ٣ʮѡ
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Ҷָһ𾪡
һΣҪṩʮƷ龧൱ǧƷ龧ȻⲻǱģǣ̶ֳȣ治һܹеġ
ҲҶնɱ˺ЩߣЩˣҪȻò
ǣôһΣҶ棬Ҳñ⵰
ðɣʱһṩģֻҪԵ¡
һΪţҵı㿴ðɣԲܶʱʹãΪġ
һһҪûҵΪԲٴε䡭˵
Ҫ飬ʲô飿ҶЩɻһ¶
û˵ֻҡҡͷԺлᣬ֪ģ֪̫磬ûô
仰Ҷոնôһ˿˵ĸо˲
ʱ飬һǰ˵ģǱҶӡı

סҶҶҪһγ̸
һγ̸춨Ҷ֮ӵλʶҶ֮ĹϵҲ־ҶʱĶǿֲ
ȻıһһΣÿһλָĴۣǳҶҲܳãֻͷֶζѣ
Ҳ齻ʱ̫Ͷ룬̸ڵһг˯֮ҶͻȻѾһǳɫǸָĿռ䣡
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ʱʱиɫҶһƤĴҶһҶɫ䣬ˡ
ҶӦУÿһɢϢΪֲϢһ棬Աħ層еλħܵϢ
ڱӶϷŪ֮Ҷŷ֣ǰЩ棬ûеôֲҲûеĿֲ£һҲ˺Ҷ档
Ϣ֮ҶƣһƽɫĻ䵽ҶУǺһƤķ
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ɢٵɫ棬ͻȻۼһһ壬ƾվ֣


850 п飿
λ̤龻ߣôǵλͨڶؿඣǰλأ뿪ˣ
Ҷǰ֮ĵһ⣬ǰ壬ҶһҲ֡
ǰ壬ҶǰڵһмǸӰģǳӦǵĻ˧һӰ
ָĻ棬ǰĻ˧ģĻ壬ϢӦϣǳǿ
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ԣĻ˧ĻҶ죬
˳Żķ򿴹ȥҶͫһ
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νĻ龻֮ڣ֮Ψһ
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ҶӦֵôǲǾҺ̣ܲ
ʵԼѡ·˧ݺǧ꣬ϲһˣҲԲһˣΥĵ£ȴûմ޹Ѫ
ػĹѡߣϷҲҪһԸһ黹˵ǵأֻҪôͨ飬ñ˧УҪ
һֳڵɲǣҶĻ꺣ɫⱣµ꣬ͻĪľһ£һǰΪеı䣬˲ϢסҶȫ
ҶϾһʵǰĻڴֻһĻ˧ǰµһ΢Ĳлꡣ
΢Ĳл꣬ҲҪҶǿ࣡
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˼䴿Ļ֮⣬ѹǻ֮⣬ռڣûһ˿һʣ˻ǻ
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飬żʱǣϣϷ˵꣡
˵ţǻһָҶǰȻͻأĳһСš

Ҷ˳ӵȥٴηһ˿֮ɫ
ſǻʵأȥҲһƬȣȥȴʲôûС
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Ҷ濴һĻٴɵۣĳŻʵģܳԣ
һڣ֪ˣ˵
һɲǣҶǿҧһڣЩħ層˻죬еĻǸ⣬ڵĿʳָ󶯡
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ңеκһ˶ϷϵһΣϷ򷢳ϰѶһ
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ǣҶҪſʱһͷͻȻҶԺһҶʱ亹ֱ


851 ˮ
飡
ܹͨΪϷ֮ˣΪϷ򱨴Ѫ𣿡Ļ˧Ļ⣬Ҷ涸뵽ܡ
Դӽ龻ڲ飬ûʲôǣǰλ龻ߣȴ˻龻֮ڣǻһ
仰Ļ˧ĵп飬ǻ龻ڽеġ
ҪǣĿǰΪֹҶڻ龻ûзκв˻塣ң龻һƬ磬֮⣬ѹĿ顣
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ǻ뷨Ҷ뵽һ˵Ŀܡǰ⣬пܾǻõĻ˧мΪؼĵ飡
Ҷ뷨ɵġ
ݵĻ˧ŵǰ飬пܻһһһ⡣
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ƨ룬ȷ𰸣ֻһ֡ᣡ
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Ͼ˼ˣ㴫˼ҵ˼ҵĻ˧Ѫ൱֮ʦˣ
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ǣǰٷְܹ𰸵ߣȴֻһعǻҡ
ʣҶؾһ亹
ǿĻôҶҪ˳ڸ𰸣Ҷ³ܾǱɵĴعǻҡ
ҪɣǰĻȻֻеĻ˧һ˿л꣬ȴǳǿ󣬱Ҷǰħ層ڼħǿߣҪǿ
ɵɱҶ棬οǰ弴׵Ļ龻ڡ
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Ҷϸ˼
һҶԿ϶Ļ˧ȻôʣҸݴǰЩʱһɼĻ˧Ǻ޼ǸΪ˾С
ǻõĻ˧УΪĻ˧ˣΪʦ϶ģǣǰߣȴˣ
˹ΣҶ漫صĿһǣǽʱ
ŹֵǣҶĵĻ˧Ĳл͵Ļ壬ȴɶĶҶ棬Ҳߴ٣ĵȵҶĴ𰸣һȣǰʱ
֣ҶƶԼжϡ
һͨĻԲ᲻κδߴ٣ôĿʱ䡣
һеһУĴ𰸷ǳĹؼ
ӦشأҶ˼
龻ڣҶԶ㶼һԲ
ֱһʱ֮ҶŻ̧ͷ
ܵõǰУΪʦѪһͽܵıݣǣû㹻ʵǰǲ˾鷳ˡ
һ㹻ʵʱ䣬Ҳһ꼸ǧ꣬ҲŻȥǸ˾鷳
ڴ֮ǰҸ˾ûκιϵ
Ŭ֮·ߵøԶٲκζ飡
⼸仰Ҷ˵üΪϿңҲҶ澭˼֮Ĵ𰸡
Ĵ𰸣ֻǻĻ˧𣬻ش𲻻ᣬ
ǣشǰߣȴˣҶֻ˼룬ϿҡʵʵڵĴ𰸡
Ҷã𰸶ܷ࣬ͨĹؼҲǳ⣡
ǰĻжϳ⣬ҶͲö֪ˡ
ش꣬ҶЩŵĶŻ۾ϾغС
ҲڴʱͻһɣȻĳҶ¶һ˿Цݣˣ𰸣ôϷһ𰸣Ҳ϶һ𰸣
ǣϷЩϿпǻ۵һ𰸣
˵ҶһЦˣϲ㣬ͨϷп飬ʲô֣
Ҷɫһ䣬ȴûκϲɫǰҶ棡֮ǰλΪʲôһʧܣǵĴ𰸣ӦҲ벻ɣ
Ȼ
֮ǰˣÿһ˵Ĵ𰸣ܿ϶ӦΪϷ򱨴Ѫ𣡵ǣǵĴ̫϶ˣңǵĴ𰸣ֻͣϣ˵
ֻͣϣҶЩɻ
һЦ㻹ǵϷǰԵռҾ𣿡
ţǵã
֮ǰˣˣ
ʳû⣬һǴ󲹣Ҷ
û⣬ȷʵǴ󲹣ǣȴ̺һ˿Ϸľ⣡˵
ľĵ⣿ʲô
ľϣͻȻ͸һʹȻ飬ľϷʹʧλ֮󣬼ʹ֮£ԴһɹϢͻ᳹׵֮䣬κҲ޷Ϣҡ
ңģľһʩչͿԸӦܱһб仯ǵκһ˿Ըо
ϵȻʤ
˵һ٣һ£Ϸľĵ⣬޷˵ڣǣһϷľĵ˵ڣôһһ˼תԺǹһУԱϷ׵ĸӦ
һҶ۾ʱɴ˫ĶŵĻ˧Ļ壬һĲ˼顣
ô˵
֪ҶҪ˵ʲôЦǺǵĵ˵ͷûģϷȷʵ֪ȷʵϷĸ֮Уעϸڵһλߡ
ȻͨϷĿ飬ҪǣĴ𰸣ȫģĿһĴ𰸣ǻۣǰһλߡ
˵ɫһǼһڻش˵һϷ򱨴Ѫ𣬵ʵ뷨ȴȽϷõֻҪϷõֻɵӲŻϷһ˱𣡡
ȻǼһͱϷҹŰ
Ҷ涸شһ
λҲǿڲģһ˵úܺãȴԥڿⱲӿ˾涼ϣ̸ˣ
Ȼڲģ񶾣ԣϷ͸һʹ죡
˵Ļ˧ĻͻؾʹսҶ棬һЦôǲǾϷ̣ܲ
Ҷû˵Ҷı飬Ѿ˻𰸣οҶһĻ˧ľĵ⡣
УϷѪҲϷһϣǰشпʧܵߣϷԷǳȥأҪͨҪ
һʧߴ߳ȥһܶᱻй¶˵ǻۣϷ趨ϷǻᱻʱϷһѪǾͻ˱ˣ
ϷһӲмڽͣеļΣҲΪú֪ѻתͣһνͣϷһһνˣΪϷϣϷ˶٣ףʵ
ҶЩãȻĵ˵ͷĻ˧ĻȻ͹ЦЦ䣬ҶȻ֣ǰĻϢȻڷɿʧţ
ӻʧĸɫ棬ҶǰţһⷭĲɫ
һҶݵޱȵϢӲɫ͸¶͸żǿ
ɫɵʱǰĻ˧Ļ壬Ѿޱȣ·һͻᱻɢһ㣡
öϷһ˿ϢƾߵϢԻѲϷǰˮꡣ
ȻͿԻϷУͬʱˮǿޱȣڸһ˿ѪΪ֮·ǿ
Ϸսǧ꣬ϷĿϷطǿ˳˯֮УӡϣܹƴĻ˧Ϊ˵
˵ָ꣬ǰ˵ڣһƳ֮УȻϷһ˿лͻ᳹׵ͻ
Уһ˿ˮꡣͲϷ˰ɣˮϷУһѪȫĴ
ڵĻ˧лڴ£ҶСķֳһĽ֮С
Ļ˧Ĳлԣ֮УȻϢ
һǵĻ˧ɢȥĲл꣬һȴޱȵıŰǿֻƺڳ˯֮УûκεĶ
ˣӡɣ
ŵĻ˧лһȣλˮ֮еĵĻ˧һ˿΢궸ɢȥȻۿɼĿճһλã
ǰһкҶѹףֻǰյĻ˧ķԸޱȵӡ˵Ļ˧лճǸλã
ӡϵɲǣǵ˯ˮ΢΢һ£һŰİϢسҶĻ꺣УҶ֪ӦˮϢ
ҲӡɹһɲǣҶǰʳĻṩռҾƺڻɵİеһ֣΢΢һǺˮһ㣬ޱȵĳҶĻ꺣
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852 
һɲǼ䣬ɽһ㱬İͳҶĻ꺣Ȼ־ֱĳҶɫ⡣
Ҷ𾪵һĻˣҶɫ⣬Ȼûһɹһɹꡣ
ҶʧɫҶ淴Ӧһɹһ壬Ҷһ
ܵģҶ߶ǣոսӴһҶ͵ؾ
Ҷ󺧣
ȻһɲǼΪһһ㣡
֮࣬Ҷ濴ǰڷɿɢĵĻ˧Ĳлꡣ
أҶģĻ˧лϣȻһ˿ЦݣģֻϷʩչϵһСŶѣûκ˺ģ㻹һĺô
ʱҶѾ׵侲
ò˵ǰĻ˧һıļһҶ̤龻֮󣬲ڵĻ˧֮С
չһֶΣȻҶνġռҾơȻ֪Ҷһ˿ľĵ⡣
Դ֪Ҷ˼Ҷܷͨ飬󣬾ȻּҶڵľĵ⣬óֶΡ
Ҷƣǲ֮޷ȥ϶ҶżƣҼΪ
ҪȻҶɫⲻ޷Ӧ޷ȥˡ
ǰֱ˵ɣ׶ʲôƣҿԽܵģҶ鶸ת䣡
Ҷ棬ϷѪи㣬ҲϷ򸴳ΨһϣǣĸƤֻϷԵѡһˣϷյͽܣϷûжٸ飡
ԣȱϷǰͨľѾ֪£ȷʵΪϷ򱨳Ѫ޵˼
ǣǻģ
ԣϷŻᰵƣԶгɺΪϷ򱨳ѪޣĻ˧Ĳл˵
ŵĻ˧ĻҶĵ׵ŭͻȻһɲǾɢȥˡ
ԭԵĻ˧ɵİ¶ַǳķŭһͻȻ;ãĻ˧ÿ
һݺµӢȻ䵽˾أҪʩչ˸ӶɵֶΡ
οĻ˧Ҳ˵ǻģ
ҶҲ޷ȷгɺ󣬵׻᲻ΪĻ˧ҪҶĻ˧λãҶҲҲô
ͻȻ䣬ҶЩĻ˧ˡ
ڣҶ֪ǣƵʲô
ǰֱ˵ʲôƣ
ǧ꣬ǧ֮ڣǲȥϷͷ˾ȥͻᷢÿնŷĻ꣬ҹҹİֱ곹׵ı
ܳŶãͿ굽жǿˣ
һ⻰Ҷŭˣҹҹô
˾ɱ˼궼úõģʱѾ˽꣬Ƿ񻹻ţҪţεȿֲĳ̶ȣҶŭ
ǲܵģ
Ǹ̶ȣԪߴ꣬ĵرǲΪˣϷҲ֪Ϊֲεȳ̶ȣ
ѾûѡֻѡΪϷȥ𣡡
˵Ļ˧ĲлһٵȻϷ򲢲ǽǧ֮ھɱϷĶ䷨ǧ֮ڣֻҪõ˾һξѪڣͿʱӺһ꣡
ңƣҶ꣬һıã
ڣһħ࣬޷ꡣ
ԣҶ鶸һ˵ֵܹ깥
ǣϷֱֵֻܰӰһЩħ֡ħӰȵȣսʱڱʧǣýЩ
ڵ˵깥ԼȥֵκηãĻ˧Ĳл꣡
ҶЩƣΨһãһ߰ã˲Ϣ䣬ҶעתƵ
һ˾ľѪķӺꣿҶüͷһ壬ǰͲҳ㣬ȥ˾ҪϼǧξѪȻо⿪𣿡
Ҷô˵Ļ˧ĲлȴһҲŭЦܣ
ȣ˾ľѪΪһξѪ֮޼֮Ϊ˾Ĺ⣬ѪΪԪ
κθҴ˾Ѫˣ˾У
ң˾ԶɣҪǸ˵ϷĴˣ˾Ը񣬵һʱὫɱĸɸɾʲô֤ѹŵģ
ԣϷȰ㻹Ǳɵµĺã
ڽ⿪ϷĻ˧ĲлغǺЦˣ˵㣬˾˾ҪǿҲ޷⿪Ϸ
ϷľϷǽǧ˼֪ҹҹʹֺ֮²һŶ
ңΪ
мʮϢʱ䣬ľϷһɢڣԶɢ
⿪ܾϷʹ֮һĻԵܹһƵķţܲܽ⿪ľϷҲͲˣ
ԣҶţϷȰ㣬Ща˼ǲҪˣרһ·ϸ߸ͽΪϷ򱨳Ѫ޵ĺã
仰˵꣬Ļ˧Ĳл仨һٵɢò
ľǧġϷΪһžѧû뵽ջҪϷɢ
Ļ˧ĲлͻؾҵĲҶĿ⣬
סܻɱ˾ҪŽ⿪оġ
û˵꣬Ļ˧һƲлͳ׵ɢˣһӢά˽Ĳл꣬ʹɢ
飡
嶸ըѳϰٵϢǿĻ棬ɢ˷ͬһɲǣ龻Ҳҵ·ʱҪһ㡣
Ż龻Ļӻ龻Ʈɢ˷
ŵĻ˧һ˿лɢԵĻ˧־Ϊ׵Ļ龻ٵıɢš
Ϣ֮֮ǰϢҶĻ龻ͬĻ˧Ĳлһ㣬׵ɢ
һӶׯϵĹŻ龻ɢҶǰ
ǰһɵĹȺĵػĹ
˺ϱĲµĸɫݣֻҪ㹻ܹ¡
ָĻݲݣǰĹȾɫ
ǰŶݺסˣ
һĻҶ氵ң˵Ļ˧ûдϰߣҪȻÿһ裬¶ܳΪһɱҶĴڣ
ʱ䣬Կ漣
һʣһεʱͷסǰĻݲȫ飬¶ϱߵҶ
˧
Ҷոտ֣ҶϢĻ˷ĩʱѾݻĴ󲿷ûֵġ
ǰػĹ˧ڣѾûκмֵĶڣҶ֮΢ɷĩ
һʱ䣬Ҷһοһ⽨֮ǰĵػĹڣһһţ·ߵĻ˧·һ㣡
ػĹĽλãõļΪ
˵Ļ˧ס˧֮⣬ŮװηĴһˮƽϣÿһŮԾסĴڣݻϧǣݻĶʱ£Ҳḯ࣡
ÿһڣ˻񣬳ǧ򸱻
ӦǵĻ˧ĺ֪ǵĻ񣬿ϧǣʱ̫ˣѾݮߣκģ
ҶڵĻĿҲһ
ɼĻ˧ĺ֪жô˼
һˣҶͻôöûϢĲ£
ľǱҧһһ㣬ҵĳ鴤ʹ࣬ҶֱһϢĸоͻȻ䣬ҶЩĻ˧ˡ
ʹ˼ǰٷ˵ͨˡ
ػĹܴռа﷽ԲҶ㻨һʱŽػĹһ飬ҩԡ԰صȵȣϧﲻǿտҲΪµŶʧûκмֵĶ
Ҷ潫ĿͶ˵ػĹԵشɽ
ĻɽɽߣǧңǵŻ棬ַҶڻ龻ڼ
ɽмһ޴ӿڣڲͣӿųɫҽ·γһ޴ҽء
һֻ޵壬ھ޴ҽ֮Уֻ˶ͷ­ҽسϡ
ֲǣӻɽмӿĳɫҽշ£ǡþͽǾ˶ͷ­ϣէһԡһ㡣
ǣǴſֲµҽͷϣͷȴǺˣƤëûˡ
ϸһ£Ҷſ˾޵ģ
¹ǡè˶¿죬һ𣬷Ĺ죬ǶԾ޴Ϻۣȴһİ
ӦþǵĻ˧ˮɣ
Ҷ飬ͻرЩֻҪͨеĻ˧µͿԳ׵ӡǰֻǿޱȵޣΪˣӶõĻ˧ȫУ
һӦûŰɣ
ૼ䣬ҶһӿУѾӡһˮ꣬׼׵Ľӡˮڣ
Ҳɲǣһǿҵķ֮⣬ֱӵҶӡꡣ

һŭˮ͵ؾ۾


853 ǧĶ
һ˫ôֲ޾۰
ֲ޾ҶֿҲв٣ɾǰôһ˫۾ɲǣȻͺҶŵһ
ˮľԼͷС۾ǳƯһۿȥ۾һɫĺˮһ㣬
ˮȼյ棬ɫĻڵɫĺˮϱ޵ȼţͷ
ҪǣҪĿҿȥʱͻһִǰɫĻϯ
ˮˮеĻ沢ûдǣҶȴʵʵڵĸܵޱȵȣͷüëëһ˲䶼˷ɻңɢһŵζ
Ҷƣ˵ÿһ㣬ͻὫ
ˮ۾ϢڷٵţһĹˮɢϢͳԽϢȻѸٵһҶ޷֪ľ磡
ϣ
ʱҶֻһָо
ˮǰСһ㡣
л߬ſԽˮӡĵĻ˧ҶһҪȻҶ涼һתܣжԶܶԶĳ嶯ˡ
ǰˮϢʵ̫ǿˣӦλħĴ¶ϢҪǿٱҶԼԼӦϢҪǿ
֮࣬Ҷ氵ҲһЩڴǿϲ
ˮǿ󣬵Ҷͨӡɹ֮Ҷ񲻾ǿݺݺ½ˣ
˵ҶͿǰȥѰҲˡ
ߣôˣл˳ˡһǼĥҶһǰˮ˵Ĵ
Ҷ棬ǵĻ˧ǰѡˣʦԸǰ롭ǰϣ
գҶһƣǰˮΪ̫ǿ󣬶ʸϣȻһļʶֱ޼ۡ
ԣҶùϵպҲദ
ˣ
ˮһǷǿ˰׳Ļ棬͵أ;һţͳҶ˻
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲôô˲˳֣˰һ˰һ㣬˿త˽һ갡
һ갡֪һж೤֪жƣкҽӻţӹӣֱλҪ࣡
Σܼˣ˵ǻˣﶼû
֪Ϊ˳ζѾԼβ̵ˣ
Уˮ޿еĳҶ漲
Ҷ溧һæˣǱܵģҶˮӦòҲ˺ڷйưɣ
һɲǣҶɵˣ
ˮҪɱ׼ȷ˵Ҫ
޴ǰɫˮ磬ʱȻЩ̣ģǱʮµͻȻ䱻ųѪһ㣡
Ҷ󾪣ˮͷҪסҶɲǣҶ͵شеȻˮһһ
أ
ˮǱѵһ㣬Һһ޴ͷĲζ
һǵضɽҡˮǾ޴ҽֳ
׵壬޴ҽһȦӻζһ£ҽǵһǻɽҲҵĻζ
ͬһʱ̣ٺ˵Ҷ淢֣ҲҵĻζˮһȻζػĹ
һѵ𣿡
ʱҶѾԴ亹ղͻȻϮҶָ̲סü֮ƽ
֮Ҷоһ͵СèٴһСèǰֲˮŻඡ
תȥʱҶȻ֣СèﾹȻǸûһ㣬ûʲôо
仰˵ˮƷ׵ޣСèβѪѹ
ҶѾԶ⣬æ˲ҺСˮ꣬˼
Ҷã˵һͷޣһˣһ꣬Ȥһ꣬Ҳ⡣
ǰֻˮģǶúˡ
£ҶҲ⣬ңңĹ˹ֵѪʳǰ˽꣬Ƕúˣ
ǰģɴ֮»ǰȥһγԸѪʳޣˣﻹһЩ޵ʬ壬ǰ

СèĽҶԺҶ˵޵ʬ壬Ҷ汸ڴָиСè׼Ŀȫչͨĵؽ޵ʬ塣
Ҷ氲οСèһ䣬ִȥʮߵؽ޵ʬ壡
Щʬ廹ûأˮĳ;˹Դľ׽쳹ˮǶһ㣬
ִ˽ʱҶСè׼İԵ˰˳֮ˮĴ˸ã
СӣǸˣ
ˮȼųһ𼱵ǰצָҶ棬һ˵Ǹո˵꣬ҡֱͷϧ̫ˣ
С̫ˣ
Сǧ꣬һ۳£磡ǣ̫ˣʵ̫ˣ
⻰ҶһԴʺţ̫ˣǰʲô˼ѵǰԪ
ЦӵԪҪõö࣡˵꣬ٻʮ꣬Ҳûκ⡣ˮĴЦ
Ϊʲô
ˮһͳҶĻ֪ţ
ǧǰҾ˷ԾԪͿʼĵػĹŪǼѡ˵Ŀ飬Ȼ׼ɢϢѡˣ
ɵùǣɢϢûȴ϶ͷһսһ㽫ػĹˡ
Ϊ˱סػĹϹʹýӲһ籾ԴѪطȻӵİ£ػĹ˳ŵĻԶǧȻصҵ׷ɱ
ǣǰ˷Ԫ־˴սýֿΪıԴѪطӶ֮󣬾Ѿﵽ;ƿ֮Ҳ޷ػĹƵ棬ңҲƳ棡
һӽ֮͹ˣӾĵȵ˳֣ˣ
˵ɾˣﱻһؾ꣬˻ʹ࣡˵ţˮϣȻһּʹ飡
˱صǰһ꣬Ӿ룬˭Ҫܹ̳ҵؼգӾΪѵͣݺ£
һӻˣҲˣ
ܱܲһӰɣ
ӵַģ˭ҪܹһǧؼգӾĸԸķһӣţУ
ǣһǧӻ
ƻɾ޷ǰµĽƣ
ٴηģ˭ҪǧھӳȥӺݺݵĳһٱӳһڶȻ͸һ죡
ǣǧȥˣٴʧˣ
ǣӷģҪǧˣֻҪӺ忪ˣˣӵڹţӾ͸죡
ǣһǧ꣬ٴʧ
һΣǾˣǧ꣬Ѿȵľˣ
ǣǧһ죬ӷһģ벻֪˵ţˮҶһЦ


854 ׳ʿ
ģ
ˮ飬Ҷͷһ̲ס˼
ĸ쵰ҪǧϲŵȵӾͻὫǧĵһѪʳһһڵĥϸϸģһģȫȥˮһһĶ˵
˵ֳ꣬ҶһЦСӲӣӳһٱǣӵĶģѾǧˣ޷Υ
ԣӽһ㣬ӳһٱķϣӿԷ뿪һ·
ˮ˵꣬ҶɫѾѿޱȡ
ҶôҲû뵽һʱ䣬Ȼˮ⸱ԣı仯¾ǵĻ˧ˣҲԤϲɣ
ҶһҲģΪеУȴһˮ꣡
Ĳǲ֪㷢µʲôɱ̫ˣпŵĻ˧Ƶʲô㲻᲻֪ɣҶ˵

֪ܲʲô⣿
ǰ֮ǰϰôһ˿걾Դʹ࣬ǧΰ
ôΪܹ˳շңҵĸǣ̫ˣ̫𣿡
һǱޣ޴ĶҲʲô֪Ϊʲôǧôһ𣿡ˮ˵
ΪʲôҶʶʵ
ǧʱ䣬Ǳ꣬ǧʱѾطԲһ걾ԴӰˣ
ԣӲŷǸģ
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ҰİѪ˼ֻأֻǰԵĹ
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Ҷ뿪Щħ層ڵһʱ䣬ûзκγڣи˵Ѿñޱȡ
ͻȻ䣬Կܵļѹ֮ЩҴĿǱþޱȡ
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ңһߣ޳սĵʱ䣬԰Ϊλģٶȼ
һ޳𾭵ߣֻҪ֮󣬾ͿԿʼս壡
޳мصս壬Ϊս壬ɹ֮󣬳˾һս֮⣬һЩá
ٶȸ죬ֱӻݵȵȡ
ǣȻǰʼս壬սٶȣǿֱӵĹϵ
һµսٶȸߴսٶȲ࣬԰Ϊλġ
ܹսСɵˣǶٶȿˡ
µ϶ڰ֮ڽսСɾ硣
ĵĻ˧ˣսֻ˰ʮʱ䣬Ϊݺ´˼ʵĻ
ݵĻ˧أܹﵽһɣôսٶȽǳĿֲ
ݸ˼ͬʮʮʱ䣬ͿԽսɹ
֣Ҷйһ뷨ڿʼͱأֱʮʱս壬ʱǲǾֱ޵ˣ
Ȼ뷨Ҳͽѣֿ飬Ҷǲġ
ĺôҲɴ˿ɼ
ӱչصĵ쿪ʼҶѾʼĴʼս֮·
Ⲣû̫£ҪľǼ֣
Ǵһ㣬һһô򣬳ǧû֮󣬲ܴ֣
±չصʱ䣬ҴҶҶ沢ûгأǼչء
һαչزĶѾ޳𾭣
һĶҶǰҲԣҶһ뷨һ;רһ
˵ľ޵ģණͷȥߵĺܴһ־Ӱ֮ϵ
ǣĻ˧һ黹һЩĽȴҶı뷨ʼ׼һ
Ļ˧˵϶ĵ൱һ־һı׶ˣ
ǣܵ˵ڱף
ңĺôǴĴĻ
Ļ˧оٳĵһôҶ涯ˣ
ȣܹ߶Իϸ΢Ŀ
ϸ΢Ŀǿܹӵеģջġ
ڶͻϸ΢Ķϣõķ
ϸ΢Ŀͬ飬ӳ
ֻߣŻϸ΢Ŀжǿ
Ļ˧ֻһ仰ĺôʤǿԽսɱֱԣ


870 
ʤǿԽսɱֱԣ
ǵĻ˧仰Ҷ˲һ;ľġ
ߣĻ˧˵ϸ΢ĿӰĲͻ棬꣡
ֻּϸ΢ĿһЩķźط
ȻߵսУֻʤܣûе˵
֮⣬кܶĺô
һһɾͣôȺеĵλòһ㣬һЩǰ飬Ҳһ仰ѡ
ңԼ˻ôϧԴ
ΪԽߣĵԴԽ࣬ӵеԴٶ࣬Ҳĸɾһ죬ǣȴܹԴԴϵĻȡԴ
Ļ˧һΣܹýʮҪԴ
ڣĻ˧ÿʮһΣҽĻύÿһΣĳۣ
ҪԴ˵صĲһ㹻ˣ
ңƾƳıܽ༫ĵرǵҩ
Ϊ˵Ļ˧ǸΣ༫ϡıѾû򵽵ģʱ򣬽׷ʽ
Ļ˧ڳ»еĵرɣǵĻ˧ԼƵıģ
֮⣬ҶһǾǸ
Ŀǰԣڴ߶ԣǳܹŪһ߶ԣѾǼˡ
벻ϣǶǲǵģ
еͲˣЩ
£õǿȴ޷ӳȫֻ߿Էӳȫͣ޷⡣
Щ⣬Ҫ˵ǱϣҶԼϣҲȫ˳
˵ƷǧޣҶĿǰֻܷӳ˳ɲ
Ҫ뷢ӳǧ޵ȫҪľ߶ϧǣҶڵҪѹ޷ӳȫ
ȴԸıһ״ֻҪǧһ£һת󷨣ͿĽ⣬Ҷ淢ӳǧ޵ȫ
ҶĿǰӵеļУΪҶƿĹϵƷõ˳ֲ
ǣ񴸵Ĺһ̫ˡ
ҶڲһҶǿϧ
£ҶΪߣֻѡ߳۴񴸣һЩʦǸǸĴۣһҪߡ
ҶԼͲһˣԼ񴸣Ҷƣͼ󷨣ټӼϣܹ񴸵ƷƷ
ϾĻ˧Ϲʱ֮һ
õĻ˧Ļ˵ĳ̶ֳ˵͵λҪɾͺ͵λߡ
˵Щĺô˵ܹá
ҪҶĲϵջ֮£ŻЩ˵ĺô
ļأҶҲò̫õʱ䣬ܹиԼõˡ
Ϊ֮Уʲô̫߼⣡
أ˾֮⣬Ҫйأ
Ҫطֱ桢
ҪԲö˵ˣϹʱڣҲǶ֮һ󣬸˵ˡ
Ȼǻ棬Ʒ׺ҪͬƷ׵Ļ棬ĵرٶ뾻ʵͬ
Ϲʱڣһֻӵ׻ʦʵ̫ͨˣһѧ߶ԣѾ㹻ˡ
Ļ˧ѧʱӵеĲǵؽ׵Ļѣ
ˣ̵ʱĿ
Խǿ̵ӵԽԽܣңΪӰۺԵģÿһУٲĲ룬ƻ档
˵ӰǷǳģ
أѧԳƱƷƷƷȿƳƷ֮󣬾ͿԳˡ
ܹƷƷ֮󣬾ͿԳŸ޸һЩˡ
ĸһֵؽ׻ϳ£ϣһ֮ھͿƷˡ
ЩϡٵļƷֵĸʣͲܹƵģҪϵƷʡ
ߵԲʱ䣬һˣܹ֮󣬾˵Ѿ׵ˡ
ʣµ֮·ǻ۾ˣøָĵر߳ɹʺƷʡ
Ʒʸǿ󣬶ĳɹʺƷʵľ̸
ĿǰһܹʦҪʮǼʮʱҪĵƲ϶ԣмĵʱ䣬ֱ֮١
ˣҶһϵĽչصĻҪˣ
Ļ˧µľ飬ƷʮֻҪɹߴΣͿԳƷˡ
£ֻҪʲ̫ߣһҵʱ䣬ܹƷˣ
Ҷֻʮʱ䣡
ʮʱУҶ˰ʱмصĸַʱҪ̵󷨣߼صĸĵرԣʱ䣬ֻ죡
ھʱҶһһƷֱӳɹڶһƷ׵ʱʧһΣ
ϸ˼һ֮ͨҶƷʱɹȻʱУҶƷûʧܹ
ʱڣҶһƷżƷףֻʧһΣȫɹ
ƷԽԽãһƷ׵ʱǼƷ׵ƷѾ޽ӽƷˡ
ʱõĲԺһ㣬ܹƳһƷס
ٴαչصĵʮһ죬Ҷ濪ʼƷ
һΣоƷʱҪɣҪѾţҶʱ䣬Ƴ˶ʮƷף뱦׸룬ûһʧܣȫɹ
ٶȣȵĻ˧˵ٶȿֹ߱
Ҷϸԭ򣬲źǿ츳ܸߣǳߣ
ϹʱڶΪ׵棡
һ㣬Ҷұ֤еʦʱõĻ棬ƷʵĻ棬ǵؽ׻棬һٲ֣õ˽׻棡
֮⣬Ļ˧µĺйأ
УصĿɲŵĻ˧һӻ飬ָ㡣
ҶãĻ˧һӵ飬ӵı
Щ֮⣬Ҷ滹һƲ⣬Ľչ֮죬һҪйأ


871 
Ʒף
ҶãĽչ֮죬ӦߴɫƷйأ
£Ļ˧ļأҶһѧߣҪƱƱĳɹ߳ϣҲҪһʱ䣡
ŴĵĻ˧ʼǣʼǸҶṩ˱ǰ˾飬ԴȵļӿҶȣˣҲðꡣ
Ͼ飬ǰ˵ľ飬ҲҪΪв
֮⣬ҶĻ׻棬ҶĽӰ첢̫׻ӰҪǲϵƷʺٶȡ
Ʊؽ׵ĻѾ㹻ˣ˵׻棬Ҷʱӵ׻ǸƷʵĻ棬Ҳһ˿һɹʣ
Ҷǹؼ
Ļ˧ʼмص󷨵ѵҪ㣬ҶԣǳԷˮһ򵥡
ٶȵļ編Ҫ·ͬʱ̣Ҳ˿شϸܳɹ
£󷨣Ҫϰ֮ãĻ˧ʱϰǧβܳɹ̡
ǣҶξͳɹˣң
Ļ˧˵󷨣ߵ츳ˣǰܹ֮⼲編̳ɹǾ˵һϣ츳
һϰλ޷⼲編߾ͿԷˣΪ츳ʵ̫ˡ
ţҪ⼲編̣Ҳûʱϰǧβпܡ
ҶǰӴ󷨣ǲ󷨸ʱǵķرֶ
ǣҶֻʧһΣڶ֮󣬾ʹδγɹˣޱȣ
һʧܣĿǰµΨһһʧܣ
ֳɹʣϹʱڣϣҲ漣
Ҷ˼ǰĻ˧ģֻʣɫˡ
ңȻĻ˧ǿ귨ٸҲ޷ӵɫ⣬Ϊɫ⣬ѹͲܹӵеĶ
ҶҲֻĸ£Եɺ֮£ɫ⡣
Ҷжϣ
ϧǣҶ棬ǵĻ˧֮Уɫļ¼̫ˣãֻҶԼ
ٴαչصʮ죬Ҷ濪ʼƷ
һΣƷĳɹʣٴ漣
ҶһһټƷɹǰٷ֮١
ɹʰٷ֮٣һټƷ֮УȻʮһƷס
ΪҪԭҶƵһټƷ֮УаʮȫƷס
ԵıףԶϡȱġ
ڳ̳Ļ꺣Ⱥ֮УƷҲǼϡȱģڼƷףֱܹͷ
ҶЩĲϣȫǴӳ̳ĲֿṩģƷĲϣǺͨġ
ƷĲϾЩˣҶĿǰƵϽ𱦼ͭǰġ
һͭۼǧƷ龧ңһϽ𱦼ףҪͭ
ҶһԵĴӿⷿ˽һǧͭø̳ӡЩģ޵Ľԣ˵ÿһλʦøֲ϶ѳģǮľ顣
ʦһЩʵǿΪǿŻڱ֧ţܹΪʦ
ڳΪʦ֮ǰȫڵ
һҶһС
ҶҲû⣬Щ飬Ҫ˲֪
Ʒټɹʰٷ֮ٺҶ濪ʼͿʼо
ƱƣҪӵöࡣ
ʱҲļ󷨣׷󡢼編Է󡢻ܷ֮ģңֻ򵥵С
һڿ̵󷨸࣬ڲһܵĻһ㣬ÿһ֮䶼ǣһȫһ㡣
Ҳǿ󣬵ͬʱƵѶȴʮϣ
ڴ֮ǰĻ˧˵ƱҪһʱ䣬Ҷߣȴֻ˶ʮ죬ҳɹǰٷ֮١
ǣҶһβ򣬾ʮ֮á
ʮ֮Ҷ˶ġ
ƱĲϾͷǳϡˣҶڳ̳Ĳֿ⣬֮ǰĽɻѰһͨŴյʮƷĲϡ
һڶֱӱϣ
Ƴˣ˵ѹһ˵޷룡
о֮ҶٴοʼļٴγΣƣȴ޷
ӵļ֮󵽵ڰ˼ÿһΣÿһǷƷ⣬תڵھżھżһɨǰëƳɹˡ
ÿһҶ涼Բһ飬ȫãĴ߶£ɴСˡ
Ҷ沢ûϲã֮ͷһε⡣
ھֻǳŴ߶˼Σͱĵɣÿ߶һΣĵһɡ
Ҷжǿ˭֪ɫ⡣
Ҷ߶ʱĶ˿ֲô߿ѹ޷߶߶һ£ܾҪĸһɶˡ
ǷƷ
ҶٴοʼѰԭ򣬺ܿģʹӵĻ˧еıʼҵ˳ԭ̵ͨλòԡ
֮Ҷٴοʼʮ
չʮʱҶչصľ֮УһڵĽһҽԽʯһ룡
ԽʯҲĲѻ󷨣ļӲ̶Ⱥ˶ͣɵֵסһߵȫһ
Ҷ淽ţĹ̶ȣ൱ڻ꺣صߣȫ齣һʯ
ɹ
ɹƳһ֮Ҷĵ·ϽһǧںʱڣҶߴɹʧܣ
ɹʸߴ߳ϣ
ңҶƣԺĴԽԽ࣬ɹֻԽԽߡ
Ҷ֪ʦĳɹʣɶûУ
䶼Ʊ˼壬һҲʮң󲿷ֶҪر
ϾĲ̫ˣ
ǣҶµĲͿֵƱһĲ
һ㣬ҶһҲ֣ĸѹƱܱȵġ
Ψһ޷ݵģҶһϵĽչ
Ҷԭּ֮ͿʼƷ̳ӡȴҶһεıչ
̷Ѷһεڰºʼ̴̳̳ŷ֮󣬻ת׼μһε
һε
Ҷ滺ѾòĲϡ
һεʵʮһεļӴֺ£ɲȱϯˡ
ҶЩɻΪʲôûյѶ
Ҷͷɲǣһ⾶ֱ£


872 ֮
ҶķѶǽǧԷҶķѶ
ݸӡ˵Ĳ࣬ǷҶǰ䶼μӼֻԶһЩ
Ϊаµʱ䣬ӳ䶼һҪʱ䣬ҶֻҪһ벻ʱ䡣
Լǧ۽Ҷ棬ؼŷ䶼ڳʮ죬֮ǰг
ʵȫǽǧ۶ˣµʱڣѾȹ
ڵҶ뿪£˷ŵʬ֪ˡ
ʬУһ붼µߣһֻȵʬ壬һλصߡ
λص͵͵Ǳ˻ϿͼھػĹķ棬Ҷ氲ŵֵԱ֣Ͳ˳ͻ
λ߻ûչʾߵ磬ͱҶµħԪָɱˣ
Դ֮󣬻ϿͰˡ
ܹߵĴǣûһɵӡ
Ȼǧ۵ĽǺõģҶ滹Ǿϳ
ΪģΪҶĲϣûˣ
ƱĲϳ̳ƵṩҶ棬ĲϣʮףҶѱֿɻŴȫģ򣬶ʱҲ򲻵
ҪøĲϣȥ䶼ĴǲУңڣҲŴϣԹŵʦ֡
ȻԭҶЩҶеƷѾһƻ
񴸱õĲ϶ܸ߼Ӧ˵õƷĲϣƵַ̫ӣӲĽƷĲƳƷ
ƷĲƳƷƷһʦ
ʦΪ˱֤ĳɹʣ϶ƷĲϣòϱܣƷɹʣƳƷ
񴸾Ǻܵ͵ҶƣֻҪҵϣ֮󣬾ͿɵĽΪƷ
鸱̳öָеĶЩֳɫֵܣ˵ǵĶ⽱ͣһ֮ǰҶͳһöָ
ӡ˵ͷӹָҲû⣬ʵǰʱͳƳּΪɫֵаˣĽͱ׼
ߵƷһһҶ˵
ƷһһӡЩᣬ˲סˡ
ҶƷǿԽܵ飬ǣһԽһټôƷ
˵Ҷ̳̣Ҳûô
ǣҶģֲǿЦʶģӡͽöָڣɲǣӡˣ϶ԷŽˡ
һټƷ˵ǣаʮȻƷװıƷף
ӡұ֤ϣҲԼ˶ƷףҪǣӦ˼Ʒ׵Ϣ٣
֣ӡðϲ£죬ߵŵһƷûע⵽
ţһһʮһǼƷףȷĳ̳ľӢԱ
⣬ǼƷǶ׼ģҶ˵
Ʒ̳ӡѾ޷ˣܶ˰뱲ӶûзܶһƷȻҶʵˡ
ʱ򣬺ӡɵҲһټƷҶƵġ
Ͼ龧ٸУڣҲ޷һһټƷңƷǼƷףɶսʣ˭
ӡһҶ棬ƷǲҲҶԼƵģǣûڣҶѾлһСڵ㣡
ҶѾ뿪ˣ
ʵҶ滹ֵģһη֣Ȼ֮ˬǺӡ𾪵ı顣
ңҶҲͻȻͳʦʦֵλֲڵǼλʦʦλͶǡ
һƷ׶ʮƷ龧ĸ߼ۣҶƵƷ׵ĳɱÿһᳬƷ龧ֱǱеı
ҲҶƣֱʵʹͣҪֱʵʹͣҶҵ

Ҷ浽˾Υ˽µ䶼
뿪£һۿȥ䶼ƺûʲô仯ǣۼҶ棬Ĳ׽һЩϸڣ
պܽţ
һҶΣ뿪ʱ򣬻ɳϷǰ䶼ʩѹҪ̽Ҷʱնûǰšɱ
ʱиѲ߶ߣҲ࣬ǣպɡ
öʱ򣬲ͬѲ໥·ʱ򣬻ЦĴкϼ䣬Ϣɣ
ڲͬһŵģ࣡
Ѳ߶飬䱸šһľ롣
ڴ֮ǰѲ߶ĶζɢϡϡģڣǳĽգ
̵ĳɹţŵĲҰʧأ¥ĵ̾ʧһеһУ䶼Ƽۿڼ
ŵգִǰ׵ģ
Ҷף䶼˽Ҫʼϴˡ
µʱ䣬ǧ۵ƣѾõòˣ
ɨ˼ۣҶ˫ȣ䶼Ͽգһӳ̵Ѳ߷Ҷɲǣɫ䣡
ǿҶɲǣоͷɳ˺üѶ
ûã䶼УʢǽķѶ
Ͼڣ䶼ҶĴţ̫ˣ
㣬ſնɱǿǿߵʦ䶼ڣҶ浱شɽһ£Ҷʦڱֵԭˡ
һʱ䣬䶼ڶֻһ顪Ҷˣ
Ϣ֮ҶѾСè̳ϿգҶθոճֵɲǣһ⼲ޱȵĳҶ档
ǶٶȣСèľСèǿһۣûκζǵ⾶ֱ嵽Ҷǰ
һɫȹķҶǰ۵ļ
ʱ䣬սƵֱǧ۽㣬ǵĻˣʱҶ棬Ȼޱȣ
㡭ˡΪµؿڼٵš
Ҷ沢û˵һֱ֣ӽ°Ե˻÷·һһӵľ

ͬʱ̳ڵͬʱżǣ
ʱ˷͸ȥټ߲еķʽ
һ£ͬʱżǣǿ־Ҫӭӹͣ
ڵǺߣ


873 䳤
Ҷ棬Ҳûϵǧ۾Ȼ˸ߵĴ̵ĸ߲ӭҶ档
̵⽻ֻֻɽĿֲڹãŻܵӭӴ
ڣҶȴִ
Žǧ۴Žλ̸߲ԳӭҶôһɲǶݵʧʵЩ⡣
ܿȻˣңҶӼǧⲻͬѰľٶϣ˵ʲô
ƺǧҶν뷨
ҪȻͲͥڵҶĹ¡صӭҶ棬Ȼûʲô̫ķ͡
ֻǵҶһεĸҲһΣǴ˺Ҷ浣ΣǼǧ۲ڣҶֱӴǧ
ͣλ
һеһУƺΪҶеΪҶպν׼
ˣ
ǧ˫ĿҶ棬Щ˷ܣҶ˵Ҷ֣Ŵȥһһ˵ı֣ʵǳϷϣսԻս
ܹ˻ˣ㽫˵һ
ǧ˵ĺˬҶȴһ˿֮⣬ƺ̵ڻһЩ鷳ȴѯʵʱ
ΪǧΪӭҶĵʢĻӭᣬڣ˸ֵصߣȫзҶ浽ĸ
ӭϣ̵ĸ߲ǳҶƣޱȣ̵ĸ߲ǣƺѾᵽһ˿Ѱζ
ȻҲ˾ʱһЦ⣬ͱ縱£Ҷ澴ʱ϶ЦЦȴǴżֿɬ
Ҷϰ̣ϷҲ벻ҶȻ˾˵ĳɾͣΪ˵һ¾ɫ˵
︱̣Ҷ֮ԣƣҾ㣡ȸΪһһʮ;ʹһ·Ҷظ֮С
۽һ˿ĺ֮ɫȴЦҶպܹΪ˵һôϷΣҲһλ۲ˣ
ɣ
˵꣬һƺȸɣתߣƵĻøһˣֻǣôµıӰôЩɪ
һԣѾƵĸҦɭįıӰü۽ǣȫǿɫ
֮УҲôһͻؾĪĴһ˵ǳǳҶ棬пνѡҽǧ֮⡣
ԭЩûжŵġ
ͬķǰιΣηĶʱ£ʱҦɭʱĳλֳɫ
ǣӭҶƣȴøҦµģ˰ء
ǵ۹֮ܲףǧ۽յѾΪҶˣʱĸ֮λҪ
ڴ֮ǰʱĸ֮λһֱǿȱģΪ̵ĴͳɽļߵΡ
ǧ۵Ҷ浣ʱĸֱӵһ㡣
ΪҪǣҶΪļߣ̸߲еκһˣƽȹɣλ⡣
һֱΪ̵Ľ߶ǴӸвģҦɭ£ҲΪ˷ܶʮ꣬ڶʮꡣ
ңأһҲҶΪļߣΪְλвû̫ƣҲûȷơ
ֻҪǧԸ⣬һֽҶܹΪ
ʱһҶΪȷʵ˽̳֮λôεľλõҦɭ¡
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ҦɭԣΪĳЩԭǧ۸Ϊ׽ЩΪƽθȨƵĲ£ĶŽλýʮˡ
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ǣһ֮䣬Ϊ֮ܶ˶ʮĿ꣬ͻȻͱ˰·ժˣ⻹ժӵģ̵ģ
Ҧɭãʱ򣬿ںڣҶ̣
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ҹ翪ʼʱ֮Ҷǧ۾뿪ˡ
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ǰ˽תˣʵأʱӦÿ³̰ɣǧ۶һҶʳԼɻ
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Ҷ沢ûмſ鱨ڶ˭ӰͳӰ
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ˣͳ죿Ҷüͷ
һ鰴һƣϢһؾͲˡ
ӰƮƮĻҶٴδһһλһصƣɾˡ
˭
Ҷͻһ˵ʵӰˣȻ͸żɭζȴֺܱݣҶ滹ϲġ
𼱣㿴һ鱨֪ˣǧҶļ
һɲǣҶͳʱҶüͷһ֣
ҲҶ潫̽شһ֮ڣھ춯
һڣ̷ֲؽӽ֮һĲߵ龧ϡʮҩɽͬһڣԶг۵ļ۸ֻۣһҪ
ҪƷ龧㡣
ˣЩҵɱΪ۸ʵ̫ջˣֻƽʱ֮ļ۸
ߣ䶼Χݹƣһ֮ڣ̳Ｏ龧ĿܸߴһǧƷ龧
ˣһǧƷ龧ʮڿƷ龧
ǳＯʮڿƷ龧ʱ鱨̽ת䶼ת䶼֮ƾʧˡ
һʧ죡
֮󣬳̽ŴĵĻˡ
ѪǴżǿֲϢѹҶ˵Ƥã߸ǶʮλϢǿĴڣÿһλɢϢǿϵϢ
ʱҶ͵ʧⲻܣ
ۼ̽һƤãԶˣ
ûʲôܵģѪۼģңߵһȥôߣһƣͲһҪҵӰͳӰɬ
ʲôһƣҶ۾ɴ


874 ߻
ӰͳӰʲôսҶ
ڵߣһߵǹɱ·ӣѲ⣬Ҷڲȫýͨ״̬£ǾԷֲӰͳӰġ
ҪǣһԵĿϢƷǳʵá
һĿѹֲ˵ǻˣ
ϸ˵ͬߣһѹ˲ӰͳӰ
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£ֵҶԾˡ
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һ㣬Щ̵ĿߣĿǰΪֹڱչǱޣӰ˵
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ҶһʣüǧӰһۣ󣬼ǧ۳Ҷ˵ͷЩɻϷд𰸣
ϷܵĴ֮ǰ뷢ģܽϷһУй¶ȥֻ԰
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875 ڲ˿
Ҷǰص䶼ʵкܴһԭ򣬾ʳ̽
Ҷ̷֪Ϊʲôû̡
ңԭΣҶ涼취ɵ̽
Ҷ볤֮µ̫ˣѾС
Ҫǣ̽еĳᦣǿܹ׸ɵҶı
Ϊߴ￪أһҪƤó͵ϮҶ棬źܴĻɵҶ档
˵Ҷĵˣ¡
Ƥõģȥӡ
һӵˣпκ޵ߵġ
볤ᦣҶͷŵһһ㣬Ҷҹ
ԭҶ֮뾡취ҲҪɱƾҶɱźܴĳɹʵġ
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Ȼڲ˿ΪϣǴԷۣҶ漴Ƶڲ˿ʤ
ۺۣȴܹϢܹαװӰʤҶȽƵڲ˿ףֻǴķѡ
ѡҪƵ֪ҪĲϣҶгһݲ嵥ǰ䱦ȡЩϡ
䱦ؿܹ˳ܹܣǽǧ۵ĸڣȻȨλԣλȴĸߣҼΪ
ܶǰ䱦ѡϵ̸߲㣬ŪƲѣÿһβϣҪ˵;ſá
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һۣܹܶشһ飬ɫɢѹֱܹһֻɢĸо
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ܹܸҷģеѡԲԸٱҶ¶ۡ
ʵҶ棬Ҳûϵô
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ڲ˿УȴܸǼ˼
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ҪҶҲûù֪ɫһߵѹƵжôĿֲ
һۣͽܹܸˣ
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һ㵹ⲻ
Ҷڲ˿޸Ӱ磬Ҫڲ˿ҶʧܣͶҪһԱʧܡ
Ҷƣڲ˿Ӧ㹻ˣ
ܿģҶһµܹܣûκεԥֱӸҶȡڲ˿ͬϣһͬҶ档
нͷڲ˿Ҷȡˣκ˸鷳ֱң
ܹı飬ʱҶôһ仰ܹ԰
Ҷ棬ǾԷɵ̳µԺھڣųСèͬʱʼȫƷ


876 Źⴸ
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̵ķ٣ֱһĲϱһźڻңҶһҲģʦǧεʧܣҶʧֻܴϡݡ
ңһƷʧܣַûʲô⣬ҪҶһνӴƷϡϣ̫ϤϵԶʧܡ
ܿģҶ濪ʼ˵ڶγԣһΣҶֳɹˣȴֻһƷΪƷףֻƷ
ֲͬĲ֮ųûãƷ½
ܽһ֮Ҷοʼ֣͵ĵ£Ҷڲڲһһ˸·
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ҶһǰƮŹⴸ־һ⣬˲ϢʧӰ١
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ֻʵֲ̫ˣҶ治ﳢԣһ֮£̼ɹ
´ɹҶҲһΪʱ䣬ҶǰҪڲ˿׵Ĳϣݡ
Ҷ׼ڲ˿ףƷƺ֮óȥˣȥǷǳ˵ġ
ֻҪóȥǾѹ֮
Ĳ˵Ҷǰնɱô࿪֮УƷƷĶУǹԵġ
ԵƷҶ滹ΪϷֹ
Ҷ׼ٴοʼƵʱһ˸ŽķѶɫɲǣҶһگ
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877 Ҹ
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˭ıչع̱ϣˣһһЩȥĪԭ
ǧ۷ҶĽگֻһ仰̴м£Ҫһ£
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Ҫ͵飬Ӧþ췢飬Ӧûʲô飿
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ǧۣ£Ҧɭó£ҫףͳԪ㣬»£ߣøǺӵȣĸ߲㣬λ̫ϳ֮⣬ȫ۽
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ҾܹʮİƳһƷףǷԵƷװ
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ҶָԾָĲҶĻԾ±״
Ҷָ裬һʱĹ򣬾Ȼһڲ˿׵ĳΡ
˶ܸӦҶڽϸ΢ı仯
ǻΪʦ̫ǰҶֳһежôľˣôĿֲ
¾֮ǰʦʦ棬ûҶĿǰٶȵһ٣
У建ĹҶ棬һֿۡһĿ⣬ĶҶ档
۶գһ£·ŹҶʱһ˿һϸڣ


881 Ц
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仰ۿҶһΣͶϽԼʮ꣡
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һȷʵǱҶչֳĸ߳ɺ۷ˣܹΪʦˣҲǴˡ
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ΪԼ֮ǰԵԭҶηֻš
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ʮǿȴֲһԪƵǰ൱
˵ҶΪսǴˡ
ֻҪҶ滨һʱ䣬Ϊתʧ׻ָҶʵܹ屶
ûǱ屶
ƾһ㣬Ҷսͬߵ屶Ҷͨսǳʼαı
޳𾭵ǿ֮
ƷĸߣٶҶƣҪΪ׻ָ۷״̬Ҫһʱޡ
ǵɽɾ֮
Ҷϧǣǿӡų׷Ҳʩչˡ
ָɲӰ졣
ϧϧȻ޳ֻһĻ˧Ҳûʲô书ؼǣĻ˧оУȴźü߶طʮ־ˡ
Ҷ֮꣬һ
꣬ǵĻ˧޳ľԴһ
·ӣʩ֮£Ȼ˲ǳֲ
ݵĻ˧˵ܹ꣬Ļ˲Ϣٱ
Ҫﵽ̶ֳȣգҪ󶼼ߣϾҪһɲǼʵϰٸ󷨣̫ˣ
ܳһʱڣҶ涼
ڣҶǰѾÿճʱϰˣǿɹ˼Ρ
Ϊɹʲߣһֱûôʩչ
ҶܹƷ֮󣬶һ
ܹ˲Ϣ۳һöͷɲǼϱ߸һ׷
ҶǿźܴĹϵ
һ׷ʱöͷٿԴʮϢʱ䣬ҲǽĻһ
Ǹ׷ͷֻܴʮϢʱ䣬ʮϢһͻȻ⡣
ȴĻ
ͷ֮ϸ׷ҶļˣɵɣֻܴһϢʱ䣡
ӦĴﵽԭ
Ҷ涼ûԹһҶȴںͷ¶սĹгԡ
Ҷ˷һƷڲ˿ףĽҶ潫Ӷˡ
һ飬ǰҶһöһ꣬ҪһϢʱ䡣
ڣǶ֮䣬ָһ꣬һöη͸·ʯһ꣬ͻҶָ⣡


900 ļƻ
Ҷһҹգ䶼ӿӦ˵Ƿͻ䣡
鱨ѩƬһɽ֮ڡ
峿ʱ֣̰ڵһƴһѶ
Ѷʮ־ˣּ޼ԵŰݷɽ̸һʱ޼뿪
޼뿪֮žͽȼ߼ַѶҷɣ˼ƴŷ鱨
鱨յ̵ĸ߲ǶܵԵѹ
Ӷݵ޼ûߣô¸ʲô
˵ǿֲսƾݣԿ䶼ڽꡣ
˵ĵͬʱϸ鱨ּ޼ọ́̽ӭ
ֵһ˵ǣϸԣ֮ϾͷһѶȳ̷̳ʱ鱨Ѿˡ
ͬһʱ̣ų̵鱨ԱҲ˲ϢǵϢͲˣֻ֪˰ݷọ́˭ȴ֪ˡ
޼ݷš䶼֮һͼͷǳˣ̵ĸ߲ٿǾͰ׻ˡ
Ȼ޼Ҫ䶼ֶԸ̣
Ȼʱչ޼ǰƱݷƼңң޼Ѿݷù볤ϿգķѶܼ˷ָ
ͬʱ̸ط̳Ҳ鱨˵ǵص볤̵ķ̳춯˲ٸ뿪ʱ򣬻ǿ˷
ˣ޼ıѾı
һʱ䣬ڷʸ֪Щ鱨ģ̵һָ߲ǣȻ򶨣˭ԿóǵĻҡ
ȷʵʵǣǰҲϡ
ǣʱ̫ˣ
ŵڣĸµʱѣֻǸոջָһʱʧԶԶû׳
ܹʱչԲ֡
ŵ飡
֣ڿ߻ϣ̵Ҳֹ
ݴǰõ鱨Ǵι֮󣬳ڵĿԼ͸ߴʮһˡ
ڣҲˣϷ¸Ҷ滹СèܹԸߵĵλҲ˶ѣ
ǳ⣡
ҪǣԷһΪߴ￪ءƷսޱǿ޼
һ޼̵ܹĸָǣƵģ
ο֮УˣӰͳӰˣҵѹûпɱԣ
˵ǣ̵ֻ̻ʱֻڸ߲ϣҪȻһѾôˣ
£˵ĽǧҲסˣҪǳƾȥ²õ̾Ȼҡ
ǣǧԷ·گټ̸߲Ӧ֮ߣ
ңһټģɲڵţڵи߲㡣
õλͳ죬ͳ죬ǰټΪǿķ̳̳ĳʮˣ
ȻټЩ߲Ƕô£ͷӶţ̻֮ɫɱĳϡ
̡šƱټһص޼ǲǾͽǵĵӸˣǲǣ
ǻشңǲǣ
һǧ۾ŭ
ûκ˻ӦҶڣûκ˻ӦֳһƬţǧ۵ɲǸǵġ
һɲǣǧ۵ĻȴЩϣ
û˸˵ǰɣǱ˵
ûȷʵŵˣǱȻûƣǱŵˣ޼ϳ̡šƱҪ̰ǧ˵
һվ
Ȼ޼ԮҲԮһ̳˵
˵úã
ǧ۳λ̳˴Ĵָ޼ԸǣҲԣ
ǡ
ǧ۵Ļһ٣Ŀɨ˴̸߲ϣһ˲䣬ڰţ֪ǧתۺߵĴ𰸡
ǣǲҪԮ
һ֮ʱ󻩣۷׷ף
ˣһҶ£ҲȻ
ҪԮôܣ
˵ǳ˵
˵ģ²𲻵κЧ˸ӵĻҰɣ
ˡֱԣҪϮڶԷһλߵĿֲڵ£ûԮʲôֵ
ƾضز˶ʱ䣡һλͳֱԡ
ʵúã
ǧٴ˴ĴָȲش⣬ȸǿһ
ˣ
һɲǣһöɫԲȭͷͷСİɫ壬ڼǧ۵İİ£
ҶͫһⲻڳǷ֣Ȼ͵̵ĵĳ
Ҷλ̫ϳӰͳӰ⣬ȴǲ֪ʲôġ
Ϊĳ꣬ޱȣ
ļֵֻüƷԱȣ
Ʒ龧λûɣһöƷ龧ٿԶһһٿƷ龧һƷ龧Ʒ龧⻹Ʒۣ
һöĳ꣬൱һ鼫Ʒ龧֮Уöĳ꣡
ⷬܣ̸߲һ֮󣬾ûˡ
ǵı飬˱һ£Ϯ˵鼫Ʒ龧İ鼫Ʒ龧ҲҲˣҲûʲôã
ûȷʵˣǣǱˣʱ֮ʱ
̵ļμӹ˶֪׻ʲôĺô
Ȼǰûиλ̫ĺôԭ򣬻ϵļƷ
һΣϵļƷ֮ǰļƷֵ򱶣࣡
Ǳеĳ꣬Ȼļֵֻ൱һ鼫Ʒ龧ǣƷһöĳļֵ͵ֵǷϺüƷ龧
˺ļƷм䡭
ǧ۵̵ָָһ߲㣬ԻǵУʮλϵĿߣңܹڳÿһ˵ΪȵԸԸ⣿
żǧ۵仰̵ĸ߲ǣ׵˷ˣ
۾Ķżǧеĵĳ꣬ǿȣ
ʮλߣǵΪңƻᾡߣ
֣ǻ²£
ɲǼ䣬̵ĸ߲ǣһˮһ㣬ʱͷˡ
££
죡
ˣ϶һֿȣҦɭϺ꣬˷ޱȵĶżǧۿ
ԭܼ򵥣
ԭ˶ԣңɼģǧȴϣ
ֳʮˣʮλ
һ˵ΪѹͻƵǵĻʵжܲ
ɲǼ䣬һɨգ
̱ʤ̱ʤ
żǧһ˶˷ܵĿ۾ŹĶżǧеĵĳ꣡
Ҷ棡
ǧ۵˵ֻܺŪһˣȴܺŪҶ뿪߽Ĵڡ
ٳɵĿߣȷʵҲ㿪ߣǣ˵ʮλʮλƶԷһλصߣһƾܹˣ
ְ˾ļλȫ̳׼ʱ
ǧһ£ڶ߲㿪̳Ҷȴ˼ǧ۵ķҶ֪ǧļƻʲô


901 Ͻʹ
֪ļƻʲô뿪ҶֱֻмǧۺӰеӰҶŷʡ
ļƻȻ㣡
ǧδȿЦʵϷǵڣɺìܣûյľ
յľô˵ļƻֹһҶʵ
һƻܼ򵥣вඣ֮ϷӰΪָܹ軤̴󣬶Կ
ͬʱƱɳʹ˵˳ǧ˵
˵Ʊ
ǺѰɣѹܡ
ŻƱѾĸ̶ܵǵвֻҪǵ˼ά;Ի̡Ҷ˵
ֱʱҶʶ¥Ӱ쵽ж
䶼ôãȻϣһֱάһֹͬڵƽ⡣
иӮУʵǣǿһֱڡ
֮ǰȳռ¥ĵ̻˴ƣڳǵΪҶȫʤ
ʵȫǣĴ޴ѹ
ѹǿԳܵģǰҲֹƵǰһҶ
ǣǰļһҶѹٴ󣬶ûбֱ
¥һҹ֮䱻ֱ־޴ѹ
ȻҲȫҶģͷ⼸ֶԸһ죬ᵽֻǰˡ
ңһǳţǰڳǵϣгԹһ֣Ȼȫģ
£סѣҶ˵
ԣϷ׼˵ڶƻǧ˵
ڶƻҶЩɻ
ǵҸ㿴̵߻𣿡ǧѵ
߻ܣ
ĸ֣Ҷɫرѿޱȣ㲻롭
ûĿǰǽĿǰΨһֶΣңһṩļƷǡҲһ裡ǧ۵ޱȡ
ҶȴǼˣ㲻˵Ǽ·̫󣬲򲻵Ѳܶһãܾƾһ𣿡
ǧۿЦǣϷڻеѡ𣿳ϷԸĿ̱
ŬԲ˵̣עϷʮѪ
Ǿ鱨Ҳǿˣ޼һ˻˵ؼǳѾߵһʲôȥԸϽ֮ˣ
ԣҶ鶸һ䣬ȷˣ
ȷˣʱõص㼸ȫڳ̵췢ϣռ˴йϢ
ȷ췢䢾ǳϽʹ
֮⣬û취췢ڳĵλƽؽڳУ췢ƽƽ˵
Ȼʱʾ֮١
ǰڷһСͻ񽫼Ůйʱ䢿ʱĽɫǿ°ȥ
˸ϵʱѾ񽫼Ůˣɾ˺¡
񽫼ǿǳ̵ˣգûгʹǺ췢䢣һü鼫εŮ
ˣϽʹ֮⣬Ϸʵ벻ʲôҶģǧ˵
ҶЦһϽʹƷ޶ˣͲͬһĻ𣿡
ǧԥһ˵ӦòɣϽʹƷУҲȥʵ鱨̵ʹ䢣˺ɫһ⣬пɣ
ڶ𣿶̵𣿡
Ҷ⣬ǧ˳õĳĬ֮Уһʱ֮ޱȡ
⵱еգǧ֪ܲ
ֻΣգǧѾû̫ѡˣ
ͬǰĳһ㣬ڼ̵ʱڴ˴ҵų˺Դ׼
ʵϣ̵ʱҲǱƵģ͸أƵ̾Ӣһ룬У־ٶ
볤̵Ǻεơ
Ҷ棬ҪףϷҲûѡ񡭡Ĭ֮󣬼ǧ˵
ܰ޼أҶͻﲻݡ
Ҷ֮ô˵ΪҶǸνϽʹһǿҵĲ
ֲҶ꣬Ҷڵ顣
Ҷһΰ֮ʱ״Ҷ浽ڻǵڵ龹Ȼ
ĵסĲʹҶֹżǧ߳һ
ǧ۵۾һ޼ܰɣЩصͨ밵ɱ޼Ĵڣѹܣ
ҶҡҡͷԸ޼ģңˣһܹӲ޼Ĵڣ
мİգ
ųɣҶصĵ˵ͷ
Ļѹǿ߷໹̫ˣԷĿߵĿ̫ˣǧ˵
λߵѣȭҶ˵
ǧЩ죬£˻ȭ̫ܰɣ
ģǷҵ飬Ҷ˵
λʵΣ
ֱǿغأҶ˵
ԣǧ۵üͷһ⣬ȻпصǷ飿
λ
ÿһλصߣǴ֮˵˵λҲϷʶء
ɷ³㡭
ʲô㾹Ȼܹɷ³㣿Ƿ飿Ҷ滰û˵꣬ǧ۾ȱվ
еĻ̳ɷ³㣬ĴڣսΪˡ
ڼǧ۵⣬ҶֻЦЦûлش
ܹλλľսʤܹƥλˣҲûСǧۻǺܵǡ
»һһ̶ʵǿߵĿҶ˵
ޣʲôƣǧ׷ʵ
ˣ
Ҷ濪ʼǧ꽻Ϣ֮󣬼ǧе֮ɫԽԽŨ
Ҷ棬Сգǧɻ
ôˣһû𣿡ҶЦ
ô᣿
ǧЦһˣô˴Ӧ޼Ҳö߻һˡ
ʵһ˭ܲã
Ƕһ˽⣬̫ˣóȻãܻ벻ĺҶ˵
ǰһΣ㣬ҪȻϷɾֻһˡսЩ£ӦøϷ˵˵˰ɣǧЦĿҶ˵
Ȼ
ã
ǧصҶļ򣬡߰ɣ׼ɣʼ֮󣬿ɱϷ򽻴ǸСţ
ǧ۲գһѣҶǸȥӰߣ


902 ʼ
ʱǰӣǧ۴̳һڿʱʮ̵ĸ߲㣬̤̳ĵھŲ̳
ò˵ϵ
ǧǰ˵Ҫԣ˵֮󣬾ֱӽ̵ĸ߲Ǵ̳ĵط
Ͼʮ̵ĸ߲ڣ˭Ҳ޷֤ûڼ飬žκһй©ϢĿԡ
ھŲ̳Ϊȥʮ֮ɿյġ
Ǿ޴˶Щڴλ̫ϳڡ
֮ʱ߶ôС֣
֮ʱҪϾ˼ɻ콵󣬶壬ĬĬùǣ
٣ǸԵƽضǷйأö࣬ϲ֮Ժ㣬ٽ٣˼ѹĸԴ´Σ

ǧһأҶȴЩЦ
ȻǸǵģôһҪǿһ½ڵ뷨Ƕ̵ҳ϶ȡ
ڳЩ֪ǰǧ۽̹ҶСţ֪뷨
ʱʹλϼƷ
żǧһߺѵõҶǰһ̣зöָһöָעĿ
һöʢŵĳƷ䣡
ҲΨһһöƷ䡣
̣Ҷ滺̤°ɫ̣˫̤ϵɲǣһ̳Īϵظ֡
ವһ죬һӼǧԺܳɫ顣
ǧ˫ĿʢʵʵɫֱĹע֮ڡ
עΪ˽ϢҶоǧ۵һյʱһһ⻪شֱ̳̳
˵Ŀ⣬˳Ž׶ɫ⻪ȥķȥ
Ϣģ̳̳Ʈͷ׶⻪ֱʣ·һ㣬ֱա
Ҷ뵽һ⣬˷׳䶼ڣ᲻أ
ģ̳ޱȣֻд̳֮УܿһĻ澰̳֮⣬ǿģ
ǧ۷·Ҷ˼һ㣬Ҷ洫һѶϢ
أҶʵ
ȣʱ
˶ھĵȵţϢ֮󣬵һԵɳ©ʼһʱļʱɲǡ
һ°ɫ⻪شе£ޱȵѹʱһڳ˵ͷ
ͨͨУ̵ʮ߲㣬ʱ˫ϥأ򵹣λ̫ϳ˾вڣѹ֮£ֻܹ򵹣Ҷǧۣ
ʵǹѹٵʱҲҶ˾޴ѹŵµȴһĪϢҶİޱȣѹӰ죡
°ɫĹ⻪Ĺ룬ߴʮ׵񶸵ڶ·һ㣬ɢϣ
ݣ
һɢźϢĽɫĴٴע֮ڣƾնһ˿֮У˵ĸоҲǰǰ䡣
Ĺ⻪Ҳһַǳݵĵɫ
½̼ǧ۽һڴңݾϣף޽桭
ǧ֮ϣޱȵ˼ʣע
Ҷ澪ȵķ֣һʴӼǧȻʵһ㣬ɽǰѾ˵ɫڣ
ΪϺأҵȽĳﱸһԾϣã
ǧ۵һ˵꣬ɫ˫۶ȻڵͶһƬ⣬Ƭ⣬Ȼ˼̳ģ
Ƭ̳ͶɲǣҶٴΣǾȣҶڵ飬һɲƺһ춯
Ҷ̳ѿ׼Ʒǧ۵
һ࣬Ҷ水ռǧ۵Ľû뿪̣мöָٵ̳ڣһʹöƷ䣬ߴŵöĳ꣬˽ɫ̳
˳ԾޱȵһĻˡ
öĳ˫ͶĽɫ̳ɲǣɫ̳һ£Ȼƾʧ
ƾʧˣ
Ȼǧ۴ǰѹһ㣬ۼһĻҶ滹ǼΪ𺳣
ⲢҶְ
һöָдļƷ㵹
ò˵ǧһ׼ļƷǳķ
ϡޱȵĵرɶй£ѵһҩǶϰ֣ÿһҩݣǧϡ
֮⣬ŴƷ龧Ʒ龧ȵȣǧ۵˵һΪҶĿŵĳ꣬ҪȻϵƷ龧ĿٻҪһ
ǣҶ㵹Ҷ㵹ٶȿֻҪɫ̳Բһ£ͻȫʧ
״˰ӣȻǾĵȵȣĵȵȣ
Լһӣɫļ̳ͬʱһ¡
һɲǣʹӽɫ̳ӿ˲Ϣס̳ھŲ㡣
λͰɣ
Ǽǧ˵ͬʱɫ°ɫͬʱɢһȦʵĹ⻪ɲǼ䣬ӽɫ̳֮ӿ֮ڵķ
ӽʱɵ֮һΪĳɹ̣Ȼ˼ǧ۵壬һɽֱ̣Ӵӽŵ׽Ҷڡ
֮ҶڵɲǣʱҶȫÿһϸÿһѪÿһܵĻ
ȫ⣬Ϊӭ
Ҷ漫Ϊ죬ҶҶ壬
һɲǣҶһͱҶĵ
ת䣬ͼΪٶȣ龧ٶȻҪ졣
Ҫǣתʰٷ֮٣
ͬһʱ䣬Ҷֳһ˿еһ
ҶΪս׼
ս壬ڶģҪҲһ㣬ǿȡ
Ҫܻϴˢеʡ
ǣ޳Ļ棬ҶĿǰĵ𣬶ǷǳԵĻ棬Ϊ١
һСģɣȱճɻˡ
ɱûʲô
ԣսĵһҪԼǿȣԼܹסԼĻա
ԭĻ˧˺ü׳طÿһ֣ҪĵرʹãҶļʶԣĻ˧еǸ嵥ϵĵرҶ˵һû
һ壬ͬʱҶãӦܹ׳ڵľٶ
һҶͽۿɼ׳
£ڵѪܿʼô׳ͣϸСļ⿪ʼ׳
һ󣬾ҶоԼ˰ɡ
ҶǰһЧҪǿ
ϲ֮£ҶӴĳȡ
һȡԭͲĽһɵ͸׽ˡ
һҶ׼Ӵٶȡ
ǣüǧ۴Ҷţ
߸صطأ


903 อ
ʶľ޴ֵҶȻҪܶӽɫ̳ӿˡ
Ҷ⸨ְλõĹ̶һ֮⣬Ҷ淢֣ɵٵÿ
ȻٵÿҶ̶õһȵġ
ȣҶóһ½ǧ˵ǸСš֣ڻ꺣й
һ㣬ǳףڹʱ򣬳һС⡣
Ҷڻ꺣йʱҶڵ飬ٴβҶ֮£Ҳûʲô
Ч˼Ӱģ
Ҷ˷ڵʱʮȷǳĴ
ǣȴ͹һ붼ûС
仰ЧɶûС
ȻǼǧۿСŵãΪҶΪӰ첻ȫԭ
ɫ̳֮ӿ֮ɱҶǧֱռȥʣµɣʮ̵ĸ߲Ƿ
£ÿ̵ĸ߲Իİٷ֮һ
Ҷ͹İٷ֮ʮ⣬ֿ֮ԶĻðٷ֮ĵ
һٷ֮ʮģˣˣˡ
ǶҶԣǲã
ΪҪãҪãҶƣҪǻ۵ܹﵽٷ֮ʮͲˡ
ҪǧС޷ﵽĿģҶֻܽĿתǸмصķ
Ҫмصķ̫˼ҪȻҶͳˡ
Ҷһؼ
һɲǣҶЩðеš
Ҷɲְ;ϵˡ
һҧһһö룬һߣʹ

Ҷ
صһ㣬Ҷö̻ѣѹ㲻ϣɦ㲻ϡ
ǣԵĹٶƺŭǰһ񣬾Ǵϡ
һҶ湥ʱõĻģĽɫ⣬شϷɳҶ
ϷɳĽɫ⣬Ҷɲǣͳ˧һ㣬֮һ׷ΧڵȻܵͳһ㣬ĳҶ档
ؼһˣ
ǴϷĽɫ⣬ںҶɲǣҶŵ׵΢΢һԼԼɢһȦʹ⻪סҶ棬ɫȦʹ⻪ʱֱʧ
·ͳ˧һĽɫʧˣǱٹȴǾӿҶڡ
һɲǼ䣬Ҷڵͳɣ
ҶΪٶ׳ٶͬʱ
ڴʱ۲Ҷ棬ͻᷢҶޱȵ𾪡
ΪҶҲû뵽еĹ췽Ȼģ
ȻⷽģǽôȻö˵
ҶֱӼӴ˴̻ȣҶĹԽķԽǿ
Խǿ˳ҶڵҲԽԽ࣡
ģͬʱ۵ҶڵԽԽ࣬ɴﵽһɶȻﵽ塣
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ңǸӵ˿ĶҶ棬ҲѷҶС
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Ҷһָоɫ磬ƺҪ
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ΪҶÿһ磬ĲȾͻӴһ㣬һΣҶڵĽɫͻǿٶȸ죬ͬʱҶڵͻࡣ
ʮ֮ӿҶڵѾİٷ֮ʮ˰ٷ֮ʮŰٷ֮ʮ
ӽɵҶ˷ǳţǧ۷ȥҲĳɶѡ
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ɫ˺Ҷ棬ÿһδҶڵĺȴԽԽֱ࣬Ҷű
Ҷͷ亹ʱ͹
Ϊ⼸ϢĹҶСѾ߸ߵ¡𣬹


904 Ԫ
Ҷû˹
ȥȻᱻԴԴϵű
ǣʱڣҶûκΰ취ı
ƺҶһ㣬ͣķɫҶ棬ֻҪǰһɫ⻪ʧһɫ⻪ͻ
ңһһǿ
̶̵ʱڣҶ波˺üַԼϢҲ޷ı״
Ҷ뿪ܻ̿ı
ǣҶ治ң
Ľɫ⻪֪ΣգһҶ뿪ʧȥһ㱣һãҶôĶ֪
ŽɫԽԽ˳ҶڵȴԽԽ࣬տʼԼֻܽɫ̳ӿɶҶڡ
ŽɫԽԽǿҶڵȴǳɼαǣڣҶڵѾռɫ̳ӿĳ࣡
ɫ̳ӿɹ̶̺̣˹ɣԭҶոһɣӰҲ̫
Ȼ䱻Ҷռȥĳ࣬ʣµʮ˹һɵӰɾͱȽϴˡ
ʱྡĽܻõڲϼ١ٵһп޵ĳ̶ȵʱ򣬶Щٵ۾
ȻȻģͿ˽ɫⲻͣĺҶһĻĿɿڴ
Щ˵Ĳ죬ҶѾûʱ˼ˡ
ΪԼѾƹصʱСѾģٲãܻĳΪʷϵһűߡ
һһҧҶǿд߶ЩȻЩųĵؿռӡݡ
ҶĿǰܹйΣΨһ
ǰҶ֮ûΪǰֱ仯ģ黯ǰΣ᲻Σ
һ㣬Ҷһֱûж飬Ѿ˲ôˣǱҪ
СӣϷⱲӼʤǧٹֵǼʶˣֱűϷǵһμ
ǱԪˣϷǵһμ
õһƶôԴ˾ȻܹҪϷ򻹵μ뿪Цһ
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Щ뷨Ҷʱֹͣйľٶ
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ڵػĹ֮ҽ֮УҶյĻ˧ĴӵʱҲôһƪתֵķ
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ոתһȦһתָλõɲǣʹһϤĴʹС
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ɰ
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Ҳǽǧ۵̶̹ȥģҪȻҶƣǧ۵ҲᱻӶ
ǿһĻĿɿڴҶĿֱǾˣֺ־ţ
Ƕôϣչˣ˴ࣿ
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Ҳݣôܣ
ǰһĻǧҲˣʧ֣


905 ֮
ǧΪ̵ĽֹѶʮΣ⻹ǵһҶְԵĽеĶ֮ɹȥΣ
Ǽǧ۵һ̽¼УҲδйļ¼
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ЩҶϣǧ̳գҶеĻҪǿ
ҶԾ
ǧ۶̳ƿǿ߾ȻܸҶ洫ߵжǿ
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һ޷֮⣬ģϷȴԽһ
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ЩԪأȱһɣҪȻСͱˣСӵм˵

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ҶЦЦǰԻУ֪ܵھŲ̳ʲôɣ
Ҷλ˴飬ôλߵĽףǱýˣҶģߵ⣬ǶǵУ

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ôأǰҶЦ֮࣬ȴ˼
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֮ͣ
˵


906 ξ
ߣСӵҪ󣬶Ա˶ԣǿ飡ϷԣҲǿǾ֮ͣãϷͬˣ
Ҷ˵ʱνľ֮֮λˬͬˡ
һͬ⣬ҶȴǴϲҶ飬𿴶λǾ֮ͣҶԣɾ˲õĴˡ
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ҶֻЦЦûж˵ͽȫڡ
ܸܲλߣӽ߳ߵ츳ѪıҲ㲻ʲôڻʮߵء
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ɲǼ䣬อģ


907 ҹɱ
ʵڿɫξʱҶѾʶʲôˡ
Ϊ֪߻ܵԭҶҲ֪һοܻɫξ塣
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ˣҶ˿еϢҲӦˡ
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췢ꡢλϽʹȴһɢģ
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۾һб˵ǳ̵Ҳˣǰʱƽţֱ;۽ڣһСָڸ·ϣһ֮ڣ׼ˣ
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սһ꺣ߣƷ龧ߣʮƷ龧ǲп䣬ּңҪʮƷ龧ɽֱ˵Ŀ
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޼ԼΪˣΪߴ￪أҲ˳̶ȡ
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̣
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910 ҵ
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Ụȥ
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ʱϽʹԣȷʵǸڰ

ܲһ侲ڣϥڴ£˫üһ˫͵ŭˮˮһ˷ɢþޱȡ
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ͷ˫ĿһɫĹͱֱڴϮ
ӦǰɫĹ̺Ŀֲڴ°вõͬʱɽ緢һ

һ֣ڴµ˿һҶ⣬΢΢֮ʣҶķЩƫ
ҲڴµĻɲǣѾͬʱڴµš
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ŶڴµĻȻ鴫ȻܹҵƫҲǾ̣Ǿ㹻»䲻
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ҶԭϣܹҵһĿ꣬ܲתһȦͳ׵ʧˡ
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⼸⾯ѶҶոɱŶڴ֮յԵķѶ
һѶǽŵľ伶ʱ߼
ڶѶŵĸʱСĽ飬Էɱ
ѶǵڶĲ䣬иɢСĵ¡
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һҶ͸ɵ񽫼飬ָɵһλصߡ
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һɲǣɽһʹֱѪĸо
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Ҷݳɲǣξͳ׼ȽӽƱٶص編ơ
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911 
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λʵصϽʹ䢣
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һɲǣ˼һĻˡ
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Ȼ䢵۾ͶصɴĿ赲ĺ䵽ϣ
̫ⷢͻȻˣԭֱܺ꣬Ӻ䢵ѿޱȡ
ȻˣҲûзϣԸӦõĻƷףҪĳ׵Ʒס
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˾ǷٽһƤѣһƤ˶ѣ
ԣ޿ɱıˣ䢻ûнŵϡ
ǣӴĳɫ׿ʼɲǣǱ׷ȫϢ䢵飬ǳһֻӬһ㻹Ҫģ
Ҳݣյ֡
ʣµĻѾˣΪѾ걬Ļ⳹׵ûˡ
ǿֲĻⱬһ߾׵ĴԭĿʱޱȡ
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жֲҶԼҲ֪
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ʱֻܸӦĵһߵ׷󱬷ܽϡ
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ԺҶΪʱ̸ķ
ӿٶȵļ編󣬸ķ巨ȵȡ
·ҶȴһβκֱͣӶصʮ֮󣬲ŷų쿴֮еǸ
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شͲ˵ˣ䢵ĳƫģҲҶ涯ˮľ츳ıġ
ϧǣ䢵Ϊǳǿ󣬱ҶǿĲһ㣬ҶʩչˮʱֻֻӳĳƫǷ䢱ˡ
ȻҶܹ׵ĿƳ׵ĻҶľԲÿƳ׷䢡
ǽһƳսо
޳ϹŹǿĵطڣͨƷ׻Ʒʡ
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ڷţҶݵӰ䢻ӳĳ׵ʱ򣬾Ȼ֣䢵ĳףȻƷĻ棡
ҶܹŪ㹻ĳףô˵ܹɳ׻֣Ϊ䣬սȴԿ쭣
쵰
ҲһɲǣеĻͻķѣ䢵Ĳҽʱ쳹


912 
УΪʹ࣬ҽŵ䢴ƿɲǣʹм׹䡣
ϢĹ䢾ס׹ơ
һҶ棬һߴԼ
쵰
Ȼˣֶν˳ץ㣬һҪҵ̷к˻
˵ţֵһ
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ӿ䶯˼£ֹѪˣصĵطʼۿɼĵطʼʱ䶯ָ
Ϣ֮䢾ĿɭĶ˵棬ŭ쵰Ҫɱ㰡
ҶЩ𾪡
֮ǰҶѹûһɱ䢣Ǹܡ
ǣشȴǿԵġ
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𿴴ʱģܲңʵϣȫ˶ѣ
ܿʼɺ֮˶ߵӰΪ߶С䢱Ҳͨ£ɵҶĵ
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Ϊɵ׷ڵص׵٣Ҷڿʼ뿪֮ǰͲϧصС
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ֹĸоҶһʱɢȥ
ʱҶɫ䣬ǵֱӺԼͷĻǣһֻɢĸо

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̵񽫼飬һ
ҶԽ˵ǧԽǾϲҶĿԽǸӡ
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ʱصʱ֮ǰҶǿӶݵɲǣУѹǿд߶Ҷ֮䢸ոѹµƾҲѹƲס
ۣ
һѪɲǣոֹѪ˿ڵѪȪˮһ㿪ʼ䣬˲ͽȾһѪˡ
ͬһɲǣ䢷ŽǸԲǧ׸ߴ׵ɽҲάֲסȻ飬ƳССĿͷе䣬ҳ
һɫµ֮г䢵ڡ
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ŭ֮ʣ䢸ոֹסѪٴӿ
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ʲôˣȻܹ˵ôأ


913 
ʲôûУûʬ壿
ⲻܣ
ʦڵڴǰսϿһ֮ͨ˵ڵõĻرĵһӦ
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ЩոմӾ޿гУһҪҪڣЩɵˡ
ڷԲǧ׵ĵؽڳ׵ľ޿ӣ̫ƴˣҲ߸ǿշУٵĴָ䣬˳ʮ꺣ߣڰʱ̡
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һҪҪڣȻͷʹޱȡ
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ʹѾԴΪģھ˷ԲʮķΧûзʬ壡ЩΪѵٴλر
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߾۽Ե̳Щӵ
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Χ£ľֻء
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ڶıͨûеģ̵ĸ߲㣬һš
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ҲҿǴǰԪǿʹǿȴһָҲȵ
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ڽܹĵ׼ţ̽ɽƱƳ¥ų޼ĴͷҲڽսǰ飡
λոյ鱨Ѿ˻̴ķߣ̳˳ɵĵ̡
ңڴķַսʣǧҪ׼Ѫƴװɽ˵
ԣƳüͷһ̵ķʮﷶΧ令̴ķͻɱ
ʱߵҲɱ
һãܻϰ
ôƱˣˣԣ޼Ц
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󣬱Ƶüǧ۲òмٺܶɣƳ˵
Ƴ˵ɽЩ⶯޼ٴЦ
ðֻҪƱĸ߲㲻±Ǹܹ֮ûҶһһɱ;ʱ䣡
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޼һɽͬʱһ飬ҹҹʧλߡ
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ԲԸ⿴ģƼҵĿߣһһ
һɲǣɽƳͬʱȵ
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914 
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ֱߵϻƹƺҲֳܵƣһģˡ
ֳƣŴѹѹԳơ
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̳ڣڵ֪Ʊʼж֮һֱڵȵȵĽǧۣѹѹĴضϺһλƻս
ͬʱĿȴǿҶ棬ѯ֮⡣
Ҷ׼ǧ۵˼ǧѯӦ飬ĸǷѾ
İɣѾˣҶ˵
ˣأǧۿգЩɻ
ģóֵʱǲŻ֣δ֪Ķ֣˿־ģ𣿡ҶЦúš
ķѾȫع飬ݳ̽Ʊǧˣһʮңȫǻ꺣ߡ
̹ǧϣʮңȫǻ꺣ߡųԼǧϣһʮңȫǻ꺣ߡ
ĿߣΪޣ޷̽壡ΪѾͻƵصǺǰر
һǧУٰʮϣȴ߲ۣʵ̵ڰ̫ϴ˾˵
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ߵΪֻҪ˻꺣һԶֶ̹Σ
Զֶ̹ΣһɦҵԸһʱûѵ£ѺУ
ǵĿһԲʮػĻʱ⻪Ŀֲͻ˲Ϣѻҳɱ
䣡
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ʱоһһ㣬˼£Ҳпᵽ˼£
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ɫ⻪ʱǺصػĻϱÿһǿ󣬾һСĺһ㡣
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䣡
·ضɽңһ㣬̵̳ҵĻζ̳Ĵǲһ
һػĻ˲Ϣֱӱһ࣡
⼯幥ֲǣָй⻪һɲǼȫѻһ˸Ѳб仯úɱ
ЩطȥػĻȻ磡
һ֮˹
̴ͨ߰һֵĸ߲㣬ɫˢľͰˡ
һξȥһ磬ֻҪʮϵĺϻͿɵĺ̵ػĻ
һػĻƣǴʲô
ͬһɲǣ̵ʦǣͳһָ½󷨻ָ߶˼¡
˶ܸоŵ·ǳԵɶ·ʮڲһ㡣
ǵص׵ʮصڸػĻɿ
ʾ𣿡
ǧ۵鶸رޱȣĴһƣͳԪͶ·ųɷĽ̵ͬʱ
׼
䣡
ʱͬʱַɳ˸Ÿɫ⻪ػĻвߣ
ƣһҲڷ빥
̸澫׼ĵһͣ
Ҳͽͬʱɳɲǣʮ˵ǿϢشӪг֣ʮλߵϢ
ʮλ߾һ㣬̵ػĻϿաǽ֮һӶ
ɲǼ䣬̵һ빥ĽԵʧϣȫЩʵǿĿ߸ˡ
һȵ޼ѹͷŵ˼£֮ЩƷײߵĹ׷׳ܲסѹǰ顣
޼һˣͻٵ˽ǧ⣡
ͬһʱ̣ӪеĽͬʱ˳ʣǧ⹥
ˣǧ⹥ƽÿߵңڴ߶ԣǳɣ
żи©֮㣬꺣Ⱥ֮УҲɲʲôӰ죡
̶ֳȵĹһȱûκˣ

޼ɽƳͬʱЦ
˵ĳЦ˷ҲͬʱЦЦף


915 Ģ

Ⱥ峰ЦУ̸߲ɫѿޱȡ
ֵùעģȴ̵ǽͨߵģ⾫Ĳ߻һֱʧ߿գֱԷһξ˵빥㡣
̵ͨǣĳЦУɫףߣѾʼĿ⿴кѻͬ飬ѯ֮⡣
һ빥Ŀġ
ˣӰǻɢ̵ľġ
ȻĳЦУ޼˫鰴ʾ⣬һɲǣŻЦʱͰ
̽ǾôֶΣֻܱһգ޼ǰ˵
ȼǧӦ޼𣬡̵ͬǣϷ޼֣صĸ˵һ£
һ£
ǵˣֻҪڻ֮սĳսһŲԷ뿪ҲѡһҼЧ
ǣЩΪͬǣϷֻ˵Ǹˣ̳֮󡪡ɱ⣡
⼸仰޼һƵŴģǳĴ̵ػĻڽߵĶС
ʱǧ۵ɫͱޱȡ
ÿǧҲ̵֪һǺܴһѾҡˡ
ΪԷã·˵Ľѡ񣬶ͨ߶ԣýѡѡȷĴ𰸡
Ҫǣ޼һжɵӰ죬ϱ
սûпʼ̵Ǿҡ뷨Ҳѹĵףû˸춯
ô̵ǿ߶أ˭춯ǲ
˭ɵ
Ҫǣһսʼ뽺ţֻҪ̷һƣӰͻʽı
ʱ򣬸߲ȫսϾܼڲһ뿪ͻʽķӦ
пеڼ飬ڹؼʱ뿪ʽӦ֮£̾Իϴܣ
ǧ̵ĸ߲Ϊһ㣬ɫűѿޱȣ
ǰҪģǸıƣ
ĳɱɵλ֣һ֣ӰͳӰϢĳڼǧԣһľȻ
㲻Ҫˣ
һ˳ȥϢķٸһ֣ͻᱬ¶
ʮ߻֮£˵㣬ǱҲ޷ǧۺȵ
ǡ
ӰһĽΪĿǰ̶ֳȥܰһ̵֣ڲͻȷѣ
ͳ죬°ɣҶͻس
㣿
ûҶ˵ͷȻһӡ

ۻУӡ롢ͬʱһȺڶ
һΪǰ׼̴Ӹ̳ٵľӢ䶼ĳǣࡣ
ԣӡ롢˳֣
ˣ׼ɣ
ʮϢ
ӡӦͬʱһ־ͺȵڻ
ʱԳǵߴȺбӿʱһĻڵ˺ӡ롢ǰ
Ļڵ˵ߣżҵԺܺõڸ·ħԪֵ
ûħԪ֣
ǺӡԼһСֶΣΪħԪʹ龧ʸʱ򣬻ӴӶõǰħԪֵĴڡ
ԣӡôСֶԻˡ
ͬʱԷӪгôһĻֵľ񣬿϶Է̽飬Ҳҵˣһã
ȻϢҵĻһеߣǿĿⶼ
˿Լ˿
ħԪֵɲǣ̵ĸ߲ǵĿⶸһ
ǧĴڣǲκ˿Ҫʲôˣ
ߣߣսУնɱһλ꺣ߣƷ龧һǧ飡
նɱһλߣƷ龧һ飡նɱһλߣƷ龧ʮ飬ڴ
ֻҪܹɱУԲǣǧҰͣǳߵĵ˵һ㣡
κ˵ǧ۾ףʱҪҶȡһʱ䣡
һʼսʼʿ޼ǲŹκδʿĻģ޼Ц
̵ͻͦߵİ
̵λͬǣǿ϶һ仰ɣ
׬û
׬ûͣܲõﶼһأ
Ϊʱ̸ˣǵļҲնɱˣʱ˭Ƿأ
޼ٴɿ̵ľ
Ϊ֮ǰ֮ԼսһˣҪһݸ
ԣ뾡̵߽ʿʧ
ͬʱϱıҶͳԪ˧Ŀ⿴޼һУȷʵıԣǵһУǳ
ϧ޼Ҷ棡
ֳϣ¶ɱ̸նɱǵļţҲ·ͷ𣿡ҶЦ
Ҷ治ãһ޼˫ۣͱѪɫ
¥¥¥ּҵĵϵѪһ¥иʮ鵱Щ˱ɱǰҶ͡
һҶ棬޼޲ʱȥҶ棬Ȼٰƣ
޼Ѫ˫ۣĶҶ棬ĿСӣŽ첻Ҫ䱻ϷܣҪȻϷһһⱲӶܲľϲ
ͬһʱ̣ӡҶԺ𣬡׼ϣ
ǺǣСӺֳ֪ϵ׸׼һʲôľϲڴ֮ǰСҲ׼һݾϲ͸ֳϣЦɣ
˵ţҶĻ˻֣䣡
ʱʮλ߲µĻʱɢ
ͬʱ޼۽͵ؿһǰΪеΣУظͷʲôʲͬʱͷ
СģħԪ֣
ݣ
ܼƿͬһɲ
ʮɫͬħʸ·ʮһ㣬˲仮ƳգӪ
ã
ħԪ֣
ͬʱɽƳͬʱŭǳ̽ɫǾ䡣
ΪħʸĹǳ̵Ӫ
ɲǣ˹ȥʮħʸθնͱ޼סˡ
㲻ҪˣħԪֵĺһ㣬ȥлţǿҲˣ޼ŭ
۾͵ص˸Բĵطǳ̵ĵشȥδս̵ʵɾҪˡ
ʹ֣ΪУһߣҲֻп߲
ɲǣһҫ֮ĳɫ⻪شзɳӭʮħʸ
ڼǧϣɲǣǵɫ⻪Աʱٶȷˣһ߷ˣһ߼
ĸ˵Ūôգ𣿾Ȼ˼ɼƷ龧۵ħʸ
Ͻʹ䢵ľУʮħʸأڸոպȺɲǣػײһ
䣡
һʮɫĢ䶼Ͽ


916 û

ʮɫĢƱɲǣ̽ŭֱˣ
еĿߡߣʮɫĢƵľԶ˶ֻһӦԶ룡
ʮɫĢжԶԶ
ǳֲ̫ˣ
ʧ
ʮɫĢƷԲǧ֮ڣеһУһɲǼȫʧ
Ʋʻģֻߣ
ǣʮɫĢƵ˺ΧɲǷԲǧס
Բǧ֮һʧԲǧ֮ߣʱýһߣֱķѣ
һʱ䣬Ѫ꣬Ĳ֫ϱۡ
֮ûһˣ
ΪҪǣĢƵĳΧڣųɶǻ꺣ߣֲĳѹûκεֿ֮
ɳɢĹԼ˥޷˵ĵزʱѾ䵽ǧⷶΧˣ
ǧ׵ľ룬࣬
ħʸĢΪģܱﷶΧ֮еĳߣϴһգ
żмϺǣҲм˵ûбɿֲĳ˵Ҫ֫ѣ
Բ˵󲻴Χڵĳ̵Ҳ̫࣬ҲǾ۽ǧ˶ѡ
λúӹһٵһλϣһͺ˳̽ǧˣ
ֻǧ꺣ߣҲʹҪǣǸѡķΪղŽ̵ۼ˳̽ӽһߣߣ
һ߰
ǳ̵ʯ
ʧЩˣ
Ǵսʤô̵Ҳɱ˥ȥ
ߣޱȡ
ǰһʱ仨ĴۣŻǿʵó̵ĿĿﵽ˾˵ʮλ
ţʮλ
û뵽ǱҶ氵ɱˣֱħԪֺɱˣԭռƵʮλߣһӾ˥ˣ
һĻеһɲǼɵˡ
ϷʧˣϷǵǻᶯڳǳֵħԪ֣û뵽ܣһ㣡
û뵽ǣǾȻٵļƷ龧޼һĳأ
飡
ٸӦ֧Ϣȿֲħʸ
ȻĹɱ˱ӣǾԿñ˳սһأͷ亹
ղŵ̫ˣ
ɽƳͷͬʱҿǳ̣ҪǺңǼֱ
̫ˣ
̫ˣ
̳ڣ⾪˵ս̸߲㻶ǽͨ߻
˷ܵĻʱͽ޼ǰʩչѹһɶ
ƽز˵̫϶ϲвҲ˷ܵ˵ȻħԪ
ǰ̶ֳȵĹϸΣܹһϵɽܣĻõ˵ģ
ҶǧͬʱЦ
ͬģĹΣ
ǰ̺ҶļҵȫǸɾˣ̶ͬȵĹ˺䲻
ħԪһ䣬һĵ˶ʮĿƷ龧鼫Ʒ龧
ʮĿƷ龧ö˵ͨϣһƷ龧ĳһǧٿҵƷ龧ʮҵƷ龧
һΣ൱İƷ龧
ģĴΣ̵ǿܵ
ǷǾ޴Ģ֮ôΪ鼫Ʒ龧ԭ
һ鼫Ʒ龧۲̫ߣʮƷ龧𲽣ɽһƷ龧Ҳ
ؼǣûа
ѱ鳤̵Ŀ棬ҲֻԵĳ龧ѡ
ҶֽʣʮöƷ龧óĿ飬չ飬Ŵֲһ
Ҷʣ鼫Ʒ龧Ǳõģײᶯá
̱Ѿ޴ԣһѾûκθֵĿܡ
ǧҶŻͬʱЦ
ǰһ֮ħԪָ֮׷׺ˣ
ĵ飬ħԪ֮Ѿʮħʸħʸңָ֮ǳ̻ţֻƱ׷ָ߿˳ʮ֮⡣
Ȼĸ߲Ҳ⣬ͬĺٳ֣޼ҲȰûһҸҶģ
ֲ̫ˣ
޼һˣΪ߾Ȼ£һǣҪʵ𣬳ڵӡ
ʹֱѪ
˲Ϣ䣬ħԪһͽ˺սˣ
ϾЩ꺣߹̣ɴﲻʮ֮⡣
ûɵ˺ս޼һڵøƵģ
޼ĿڳĿһһɨ˳̵Ͻʹ䢡ɽƳϡ
λµ̵ֻ֣ܺĻ̴Ȼһˣ
Ȼ˵ʲô˼ҪǶû̵Ļ̴
ֻй̵Ļ̴ǵƲܷã
ˣȻǺѡ
ɽƱƳûϱ̬
˵λǲʱ򷴻ڰɣЦ
ˣɽٶӣҲֳ֮ˣҵĵǣΪֻܴ߶ŵڻΣɽ˵
Σ㹻ˣ޼˵
ʵ֮ǰ֮ûֱЩִ߶Ҳǻԭ
ϷνϷɡȻǻҲһƷǵĻ١
ҪǣϷ߶ʮΣƵģƳ˵
λΪ˾λģ뼸λµ뿪ߣһ޼˵
ã
ã
ӦͬʱһľӢȫǰһΣȴѧˣÿ֮䣬ֵúܿ
ٱħԪֺҲ֮ǰһˣ
ϾһħԪֻܶѣ
λ׼ɣ
޼һͺȣɫɫĹ⻪ͻȻ͸ֵǰͨ߻¡ڵ㶼Ϣǵص
У䢵ǼӡΪǿ
ȻǳӡƷߣֻܹ׵ķӳ
ļһƷƷϢֵɲǣǧһһ̳Ư˼ǧͷ
Ƕ̳һöһ㣬˲Ϣ̳âɣƾȼ˽𡢰׶ɫףɢ˼Ϣ
Ϊ쭵֮󣬼ǧ۴߶̳Ѿ
ǧ۵飬ҲһɲǱޱȣ
ֳϣҪ˶۸ǰɣҶͻ˵鶼Щ⡣
СӣҪˣʲôϷ˶۸ôˣ޼Ҷ涷죬һһĴ߶ǰĻޱʣޱʵϢš
Ȼᣡ
ֻһ˸ֳϣСӽ׼Ĵ񣬻ûأ
˵ţҶЦݣһĳĳңңһҾ


917 
Ҷƽ޹ʵңңһҾеߣǵ˫Щף
ʱˣҶôİϷ
ǣҲҶһҾɲǣȫ߶Ʒޱʵ޼Īľͳ鴤һ£һǰδеΣжظͷ
һʮǰ޼ոԻ龳صΪʱȴһֻʳƷ޶ϡ
ʱͷҲӿƵΣУҲΣоһ
ƵΣٴγ֣޼ĺëը
ʶĽ׵ķſȥѰΣеԴ
ͬʱһֻ˶ӡͻأĴг֣޼ͷ£
ӡֵɲǣܵվͷžžı˷տʼݡ
ӡ֮һ޴ĺɫƿʼϢĳ֡
ÿһɫƶһĺɫԨһ㣬ܱߵĿƲʡԪɽȥ
ƲʡԪɸɾ֮Զ䣬һЩЩɫƱȽϽߣͻȻʹĿ
⻪䣬еԼٶȴ߶˼ޣҪǺɫѷɡ
ǣЩߣ֮ˮһ㣬ʱ䣬Ͳҽںɫѷ֮С
գ
˵ƵǿߣСģһĻ̵Ͻʹɫ䣬
ͬһɲǣ޼ɫɷޱȣ̵ʱڣתϰٴΣǣ֧յľ޴ƣǸͷ֮ϣҾԽԽ
Ҫǣ޼Ķֲӡ׷޼һ·ӡ֮һݵգϰ޴ѷ졣
ĹѾϰ߱һͻأֵѷˣʱң
ηᣬϷ
һŭ޼͵ҧ⣬һڱѪͿǰ⻪ѼʢƷޱ֮ϡ
ʱƷޱɢĹ⻪ͬһҵС̫
У޼ָһָޱʾʹһų̫Ĺ⻪Īֵӡ
޼ˣ
һɲǣ˵Ŀⶼ޼ķ֮ϣߣ̵ߣ˵Ŀⶼ޼ķ֮ϣҶڣ
ˣֹһ⡪ʤΣ
޼ķ˿ֲһӡ޼ķ᲻Ч
󱲣
ߵͻЦˣϷǵһ֣
Ϸݣ㻹䣡
ҲһɲǣƷޱǸӡײһӦ˵ײһɲǣǸӡ΢΢£ˮһ
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̶һɲǼ䣬𵴴ﵽϰٴΡ
ޱʴдӡĵʱƷޱϱߵĹ⻪Ѿʧ˸ɸɾϢ̶һ˲Ϣ˥˽ųɣ
ͬʱӡʳָĴָ΢΢һ󣬾ͽƷޱС
ܣ
ⲻܣ
޼һŵĿ⿴յһУ˼ʮƷֱӱס
ˣȻ涼δ¶
ϣûʲôܵģνΪһ壬ȴ⾳ֻǰ֮֮еĲȴ硭֮𣡡
š֮ĸֳڣеĴӡʳָ΢΢һ꣬Ʒޱʣ˲Ϣͻϸ΢ķĩ䡣
ۣ
ļĻ޼ξ𣬿Ѫ磬Ϊܴԭ
ͬһɲǣ޼ͷԶĴӡһ²ûк䵽޼棬Ǵӡ޼ͷʮ׵ľ롣
ôһ޼壬ɲǼһ󱬵һ㣬鿪
Ѫࡢһš
ոӳı⻤ŵ꣬ҲûӹĶˣֱӱһɫ⻪ʧؼ䡣
˻
۵ңˢˢһƬ
̵λϽʹ䢣Ҳˣ
ȻĻҶ棡
Ҷλ׵ߺǿ󣬵ûǿ
һλ꺣߶һλߣֱɱҲù˵ͨ
һλصߣ½Ĵˣȴɱϵķʽֱ󱬣
һĻڳߣ˵ж𺳣ж𺳣
ԣɽƳǧ۵ˣһĻ˵
֪ļˣǧۣӰͳӰ̫ϴ˾һ޷ݵĿ⿴Ҷ档
Ǵǰ֪ҶԮҲ²Ԯʵǿѹû뵽ǿ˱̬ĳ̶ȡ
һɱ޼ӵƷĿߣǶôֲĴڲܰõ
𾪣̵߶ԣܽܡ
ϾĿǰλֲĴڣվһġ
棬Ըǣ׵ˡ
ǸֲĴӡһҲҶ߶ƮǰĻǿƵģһ˿ҷλֲĴע⣬ǵеκһôһƣǾͱˡ
ڳ֮У˳̵ϽʹΪ޼֮⣬˵Ϊ޼Ҫͣҵ͵òһ㡣
ʱһſҲ˿춯֮У˭Ҷ
˵ҳһڣ
Ҷ棬Ϸ飬ϷѾˣˣϷĽףȻɣ׼ˣգʮգϷֳŵ
𾪵ĵڣߵȴҶԺС
ϧǣߵ̫ƮҶһֱҲӰ괫ˡ
ԣ˵棬Ҷ˵ͷȻٴγеĳңңһҾ
һɲǣкبĴӡͻأһ㣬ٴͻأʧ
Ŵӡʧдգƿĺɫѷ죬ڼʱڣ£ʧ
˷ԪѾɿĲⷽأ
Ǵӡһͬʧģ߼ֲڳ˶Ϣ
¾ߵĿֲϢʧˣڳǣЩǣɱǰ̬һУ
ּžޱȵĹΣ˴Լӣ
ӦѾ׵뿪ˣǳ̵Ͻʹ䢵ֻȥļѣ
䢵쾡һ
ߣʱһķ֣ǵĺ󱳣ʱȻ亹ʪ͸
ˣĿǣȻһֽٺĸо
ɽƳǼǧֻۣ䢣ˣ


918 ͬ
˭Ҳ벻ⳡɱ̵Ĵ¼м侹Ȼ޷ı仯
ķˡˡָ޼Ȼıһλظɱˣ
ԭΪ޼̶ֳȣս˭ᱻɱԲܱɵ
ͻȻֵظ֣޼ʱⳡսλƶ˼ελã
ȣ޼˵̫ˡ
ʵۣ޼һˣ͵ֵλλصߡֻҪ޼̵Ͻʹͬڣ̵ĸֻ֣ܹػڣأ
޼ˣȻ˵ʵ߾ǼǧǿҲǿ֧һʱ䡣
޼ʵĴϻΣϾĶ⿪Уӵɷǳ޴
޼ĴʿϵĴ
ͨߣʱѾҳһţЩ˷ΪԵͶҲˡ
ǷŵǺɫѷ죬Ȼֻɵǣȴ˵
޼ʿѾȻ޴档
սʮսܹӳ߰˳ɾͲˡ
Ҫǣ˳λֲڳ֣վһģʱߣʿ磬ʮ㣡
Ǽǧһ£¸ܹƴ
ǶԾӰ죡
Σĸ߲սҲǼġ
޼֮£ַһɱ̵ս˱ܵв֮⣬żϵ
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սߵĸں̶ֲܴҵʧҪ¥ͼȨߵ̵ȵȡ
ⶼǼսԼֵı
Ȼ޼ŵˣǳŵսгŵһһš
޼ȫɢˡ
ɽƳƨ룬ҲõǼԼɱ̣¥ǾԲһ޼֮Լ
ּңҲϵģ
˵Լ
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Ͼ̱֮ɱߵң̵ĲƸ̡²ȵȣջ
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921 һɱ
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ҽжûзԲµĲλͱֱӱ˻ҽ
һĻǧĳ̽˸ţ
Ҷ棬ǡúɱİ۾رѪ죬ͳҶҶģϷƴˣҲҪɱ㣡
ŭУȻֱ˼ǧ۵̳ϺڹⱬǣغҶ棡


922 
뵱ҵɱҶ棬㵱Ϸ𣿡
һ̳һתⶸرһɫ⣬סᦷĺɫ⡣
ոձһ亹Ѿһ׷Ҷ棬ж׹䣡
ᦺĺɫҶǼʶˡ
һεػĹʱͱ߶ᦵĺɫһΡ
ʱҲһߡ
ҶµطҶƷĸ⾵ıҲˣҶ滹ǿһһ
붼Ҷ¡
ⳤᦵĺɫȻҶƷڲ˿ףǽⳤᦵĺɫ⣬ûκΰա
Ҫᣬ̫ˣҶλ
ҵǣǧ۸ˡ
ҶԭȥԮ³㡢ɷӰͳӰ˵ġ
˴ʱ֮ΧɽɽΪȻߣֻпصΪƾеڻɱ
ǣһ֣Ҷ泹׵ĸı⡣
գһҪնɱ
Ҫǽ߲Ϊ߾ֺҶǵĿӵ֪¶ˣ
㣡
һŭ߳Ҷ˫һⶸغ

һŭ𣬵ŭŭһɲǼ߶˼£Ľ߶ᦷֳһɫǰ
ϾҶ⣬صɽҪԴܲСģ
Ҷ澪ǣᦷֳǵɫƺĳȻҶ
ԭҶĹƣȱҶɫ£ҲҪԿġ
ȻҶ⣬ǣʱģ̽ǧۣǧ۵Ϊ࣬һʱͲƣ似಻ͷ̳裬Ƶòˣ
Եҳʱһ£һս֣Ҷǧ꽻һ¡
ã
ҲͬʱҶ֮սƵͻرĺرĿƵĶ˼սѰŻᡣ
͵ؿһ£ͻȻһַǳõԤУ
أһ궸سҶָ⣬ָᵯͼХź
ղſǼʶˣһǾܺɱĿߵɱУ
£ޱҪǲӲӵģ
ΪһӲӣǧ۵Ĺ;ܹѪ
ԣǴ߶ᦺɫأƾſ߷ɿ
һʱȻǱҲӦù
أҶָͻطɳһö꣬ǣһ겢ֱӺǺµĵط
ʱҶָٴηɳһö꣬ɲǣʹŴ̶ļХٶȷɿ죬кƣ
һۣͿҶڶöĿ꣬ȻҪһö꣡
ɲǼ䣬Ҷƣ
һ
ٽһԣ
ǧ۵ĳЦ̳ѾŴ󵽰׷Բ̳ðŽɫ⣬ͷ¡
ʱþսҶǧ֮ơ
ǸóɱҪʰ
껹̳ϮԽ£һͬʱУΪƷ壬ҲҪˣ
ҶǧƵ۾͵ر͹ʢ·ڵһӲ̳ĺܹĹ
һɲǼ䣬Ҷǰ̤һ͵طһȦɫ⻪
ش
ɫ⻪ɢɲǣڰеļǧۣͬʱоһŵɲǼ׹һɽһأ
ͷ̳µٶҲܴӰмӿ죡
ͻȻ˼ʮڰеļǧ۶ԣҲοٵ׹׵ĸ߶ȣȻסˡ
ųƵԣӰ͸СˣҲĳյĸ߶ȶûнͣ
ǣȴǰֻӲһĴ㳹գ
˳֮£̳ؼ٣͵غͷĳ֮ϡ
ײף
ĳ˷ͬʱΣҲ׹䡣
䣡
ڴͬʱڶ׼ʱĺҶĵһϡ
Ȼ֮࣬жرһŷԲ׵Ĵ򣬾С̫һ㣡
δ֮ʱҶǧ۾ͬʱˡ
̳ͷǳɵ׹һɵ𱬿Ĵ֮С
û׹ŴУֻ׹˲ߵشǵĿֲҲһ춯صĲҽУ
Ҷ棬Ҳ㡭ڡ
ֽУһֱӴӻ֮ǰ׹䣡
ҶǧԤϵһ㣬׹ֻ֮Уõİ취Ǽ׹롣
ôģ
ǣȴȴһĽɫ⣡
ȥǼǧ۵̳˲ڷƤ棬ҽŴ߶Ź⻪΢ĳӭ̳
Ҳڴʱһɫ⻪ǻһ㣬бﵱͷ¡
лһɲǣɫĹ⻪ϢѾ屶࣡
ҽӦ̳ӦյĵӦûӦͱҶ߶Ĵ񴸸У
ûǱҶƷΪƷĴ񴸣Ҷ飬ֱӷƿ˲ͽԲʮڵԪ۽˴֮ϣ
жֲʱҶԼҲ
飡
һ£˸Խѣ
һɲǣݳĶҶһۣתӡ
ߣ£㻹ӣ
һҶɫһʵʵֱ֣ץꡣ
ɱʱҪˣǿɾŻˣ
ûٶȱͲ죬ɲǼ䣬ͱҶָץסˡ
ҲһɲǣղѾű޹⡢ĳᦣع⻪䡣
һɼֱɢҶ֣롣

Ҷ澪һߣ꺣еɫ⾡עɵ֮ϡ
Ҷļǿᦱɫ⻪ʢֱ˴εĳ̶ȣǻֱӱŷԼıԴ
ᦵıԴ֮£Ҷʧɫ
Ϊȫ߶ɫɵ֣Ȼʼһϸܵƣɢ


923 
֮Ա֮ΪΪѾһ˿򵥵꣬˵ʶһ߳շ֮һգͻˣǻԭ򣡡
һû˵ļӳ֣ʧȥ£ۿۣ
ǧڸҶֵ͡ȴ˿ֱӷڽŵҶ뻤ĳϿգһһƥͺ˳ᦣ
ǧۣң
ǧҶһϹĳᦣһӰļ
ʰ㣬ѵӻȥ𣿡֮߳ʣǧ۵깥Ȼ˳֮ϣ
һ֮£ᦶؾ͵һ⻪Ͱ࣬ѵʱС˲١
ԭѾҶɫ˿˿ƣҪˣżǧһ䣬Ҷɫϵѷ쿪ʼɿĸԭ
żǧ۵һ깥Ҳ̲ס߶һļУ
ʹң
ʹң
߶£ʱսÿһ䣬ͨۻԿս䢶еͬʱҲս߶С
ߣһԳ̽ʱͳ׵ˡ
ҲԼû뵽һ鼱֮µΪܵĺŽǣ
ԭɱߣûע⵽̽ˣʱһУ˶һĻ
ٵֻֻ̳ӣҿʱΣƺס޷Ѷʼˣ
ǻƴʲô
һɲǣһЩӦĳߣѾƲ¶֣תӣ
ӦģȴҪŵɽ
λսǿĿΧɽڿĲ״ʱûбһѪ
Ѿ군ˣ̵һλҲڿţ볹ֻʣʱˡ
ôһǧ۸Ҷʰֻ֮ҪعͷսȦɽɡ
һɲǣɽ˫Ŀŭر߶˼£һȦɫ⾹ȻʵʵĳԺ
ͬһɲǣɽһֱ߶Ļ޴عâţϢʼ޴Ϣһ˲ϡ
Կսɽһȫ߶޴
ǰΪΪޣֻȫ߶޴Σһֱ
ͻȻΧɽĳ³㡢Ӱͬʱ˺Ȼ
ÿ
ɽ鶸رޱȣ޴â֮³㡢Ӱ˷׷ױˣ޴ɷ֮ʣԥģͱܿ޴ķâ
ڴ֮ǰɽĻ޴֮¿ǿֵڣһԤУǸӲɣԣˡ
߶޴ɽ޴һ⣬пתһȦڼǧ۵̳䵽֮ǰ޴ŵλĸ߲㣬˲Ϣʧʣ
ʧˣɽЩ̵ĺȴÿһ䣡
ٳ
ٳ
ٳ
ɽ仰ⳡĽ̵ж׵ʧܣ
ԭ֮սңʱɽĺѹյһһ㣬ЩԾ翹ҷӣҲòսӣ
ڴͬʱ̵߿ʼոһոЩֻߣһɱһ߿Ͷɱ
Ͷɱ
Ͷɱ
ЩӦģеıɱеѾսЩӦģзͻᱻΧ߸Χɱ
һģֱӹ뽵ޱһҵģֱӾˣʱ򣬿û˻飡
ܾʹ˿ʼ
ͬһʱ̣ڼǧ۵Э£ϵĹ⻪Ҳڴʱ˼£һܵıᦰֱ꣬ӱҶ
£Ҷͷŵֱ꣬ӽ˴ָҲ⣬ֱӱҶӽ˴ָ
һҶٴԮս˫ĿһתҶˡ
ɨһȦȻûзһֵԳֵĶ֣
ӵӣѾûˣΪӵѾԶˣѾˣʣµļ̶ѣҲ̵ĺüλΧҲŲ˼Ϣˡ
ڻ꺣ߣʱȻвսѾҪҶ涯ˣңҶãʱٸ꺣սǲ۸
ԭʱҶӦȥսģӦͨۻ볤Ͻʹ֮ս
ɴʱҶĿ⿴ȥ䢵ӰѾˣֻʣͨۻƵ
ǸģһɤӾͽǸĸˡϧǼһʵ൱Ȼ츳ͨռţǸһеĻҲ˵á
ֻܻܽˣȴ޷ܣֵܣǸ
ֵģСǱһˣȻʱֶԪطûǻָġ
ͨۻ˵ֵܡֵʱҶͻӿһּĸо
Ҷ濴óҲóͨۻȻǵԵɺ֮ϵñ˴磬ƺȴʵҶ浱ֵܶԴ
ҶߣƺЩˣĿҲ̫
ֲҶĪ⡣
ôˣСʵǡ
Ҷ潫˵꣬ͨۻԾҶһǼ򣬴ҶĻ
Ȼ˵ֻһģͨۻһƣûҶкȥ˼ӣûȥ
ֵܣȻ˾ĺȹѪƿĹͷֵܣȻ˵ֵܣҵֵˣ˵ôʲô
˵ɦɦǺëĺףʱ֪֪ǸطƳˣģ޻ްԸûθڵġó͸͸
ˣ׼ûɱǺþư
ģܱƹܹҶһЦһ߰ʡ콭ɲܰ嶼ûˡ
ԣͨۻȴһۣЩĵǹܹ𣿡

Ҷɻһ£ϾˣģߵĴҲٲˣ
ǾͺãĿɣԳҶһָͷ
һ̳
ƨǹȼ죬һ̳
ԣҶһ׵Ŀˣ磬ɱҰɣʮ׼ϼ̳Ǽˣһ̳һĲûôడ
ҲôģֻҪ̫εģţԺȡͨۻԴ˵
û⣬ľƣһ̳ףҶظ֤
õ𰸣ͨۻԳ׵ĸĳ˼䣬еĺͫʱһָͱͱҶֵܣôʱˣôҲͫŮޣ㲻֪ǡ
ͨۻ˵꣬ವһ죬һĺͫѾҶǰ


924 ˫
ҵ£ܣ磬ٸҺҵ£ߣ
ᵽҶͨۻǰĺͫһǵ¶˺üȡȥ첻µزµͨۻԣںͫһ֮£͵رͣٶ˵֣
һĻҶɻ󣬡磬
ģȥҵӣڨڨһЦͨۻطԶұ۱ףͽһոΪӳ߸˻
㡭ôˣ
仰ճڣҶ;ЩʧԣæĿڵһΣлл㣬Ҫ㣬ʤϣ
Ҷ֮ôʣΪһǰͨۻԷԮѶֻʱֻһˣ˲ûᡣ
ҶֻҪ֮ǰǷһ飬ģˣҶѹû
ҶǼλֻʶѣѶҲûᣬû뵽ǣͫȻˡ
һ㣬Ҷǰû뵽
ңͫˣҶġ
һ֣ʩչһ츳ͨһ͸̷춨ʤ֡
Ҷһ仰治ǿ׻
ûк֣ͫǻᣬܹûɱҸɵƳʤ˵أ
ǰҶ治ı£һΣˡ
廹ǵһΪгɣԵ츳ֻͨҪʹõõܹӳϵ
ֻӦڵҪǰź磬Է£޹أͫһ䵭
ͫԽƲ壬ҶԽǾòͫΪʲô֣
ҳֻ֣ǵĺ类Χ˰ˣصģϣͫ˵
ǡ
ôǣŵλڿأ˷ʱˣһͫͷͨۻԡ
ҶͷʱĵĿĿΪӡ
һɲǣҶһͷ綷ĸо飬ôƣ

ҶľУⳡ޼̵Χս̴ʤ
ս㣬նɱ꺣ǧˣپʮˣնɱʮˣ
У޼̽ƱƳԱնɱɽ⣡
֮⣬²ܻ꺣ǧˣ²߰ʮˣһ²
ɱзеս̵ķʧȴ־˵С
꺣սһǧ߰ʮˣսʮˣһս
սȣʮֵľˡ
£սȴֻжԷķ֮һ֮һߵսֻһɰ롣
ݾ˵ս˵ںͫǾ춯ص춨ʤֵһ֮⣬֮ҶǰṩƷڲ˿ĪĹϵ
ߵȴСèѲ˹ϵġ
սһʼСèһλص֮⣬ȻĿ꣬ȫϡ
ͨĿһٶСèԲСģǱˣ˵Щˡ
ǻս£Ŀߵעȫ̸ϣǰǣСè
Сèһ·ܹλߵԴɱÿ޵
Сèһ˼ʮλߵԴֵ֮ע⡣
ǣʱѾˡ
ƳѾûжǣСèˡ
Ȼ󣬾һ浹ɱ
Сè׸ɵ˶λߣҶ治Ҷƣһս֮г֮һСèɵľСèйء
ҶЦõǣСèһս֮ϴٳϰˣȻս֮󣬸Ҷһָ
ЩָȫСèɱЩϰģȫ͸Ҷ档
ﵽ˾˵ʮö
ֻҵľ£СèһܹõеɵߵĴָСè׸ɵ˶λߣɴ˿֪
ʮöߴָڵĲƸۻҲһܾˡ
Ҷ滹ǵڽսִ
ҶûҪΪЩսƷ顣
ΪˣСèҶ˼Ĳ
Ȼսʼ䶼ڵսûн
սβʱ򣬼ǧ۾λ̫ϳó̳ԴҶ桢³㡢ɷӰ׵ȿߣһ֧ǧ˵ľӢ飬ɱá
νնݳˣ
ѶѾ˳̣ټϳ̵ĸ߲սǰ⵽ҶĴɱսʱ޵չ˶
ʱģȻֻһλΪֻصȸ
ŴߵӻأڴʱѾУȻλȸ˳̵Ļ̴󣬵ΪȵĻңȻû󷨣
ǧ۴߶̳뼸λ߻һɾӢ֮£ֱӺ˳̵Ļ̴ɱ˳ڡ
ûп򣬽λ̵Ŀȫ߶Ϣͽ̵Щ꺣òܶ߸ս
ɱƵնɱ˽λңǧ˵أӻǧߣȫ뽵
Щ߷뽵֮󣬼ǧȴûжͣ»³ɷѹЩ²Ҷֱ峤õ
ʮϢ֮󣬼ǧҶͬʱڳڲһߴɭϵĴǰ
̵мƣ̵ȴֶ˼ׯأ
Ҫǣ³ʱޱȵĻңϱߣȴһػĻ
ȻػĻøǵסǧ۵ģ̳⻪һػĻͱֱӺ飡
һɲǣǧ۾ͺֱײײͭ͵ĴţƬ
ȥɲǣǧ۵һһʧ
û뵽Ϸϣϳһ
ʲôҶЩɻ
Ŀȥûʲôʹ֮Ϸһ޴³ڣеɷǵζ
һӦƷȫէһʲô
ϸ۲죬ͻּᷢƷмλãƾտճһλãƺȱʲô
̵֮һһȻǱµĳᦡ
Ϸҵľǵڶˣڶǳ̵֮˵ǳ̵̸ǧ˵
̸ʲôҶ
Դǧ˵
ԴǻѵȳᦸҶʵ
ԣǧۻҡҡͷԴǻȴȻӵ
֪ʥˮ𣿡ǧʵ
Ҷһ㣬۾صɴ󣬡㲻˵ǳʥˮǳǳԴɣ
ǧصĵ˵ͷû
ⳤʥˮܹ׹ǣʥˮǶԿߣЧ
Ŀǰԣ˵ڣ䶼֮ǰĴڣҲκһ볤ʥˮȼ˵ҩ
ϧϷһȻѾˣǧһʧ
֪˭ȻܹȽһ˵һ룬ҶĻشסҶ͵뵽һܡ


925 绢
䢣ⳤ˫֮һĳԴʮа˾ǱߵģҶжϵ
Ϊʲô϶ǧʵ
ȣˣⳤԴȻ۳ʥҩʥˮʮȡⳤԴˣҶʵ
֪гԴȱˣɲɽҲ˲ˣǧ۷ʵ
ûǽʱڷųԴĵ𣬾ػҲ
ܹػȡԴģֻг̵ڲߣڳڵλҪ㹻ߣˣֻˣҶ˵
䢡
Ҷжϣǧ۸ʧǱˣϷҪⳤԴ뷨͵ˣ
ⶫ̶Եãʵ̫ˡ
Ҷ׼ǧ۵˼Ϊǿطǲ֮£Ҫҵ䢣ܣ
żǧ۵һ뷨գ̵߳׵Ŀ˳̵ã䶼һսβ׶Ρ
գǧۻûмʤ׷Ʊ
Ҫԭ򣬻Ǳ̵ʵˡ
Ѹռݳ֮󣬼ǧһ˶Գ̵Ľ̿˷㣬̵ʱ˿˳̵Ļ̴
̵Ļ̴̵Ļ̴󷨣̵ֻĻ̴ؼ汸̵Ļ̴ڷ
ҲǳΪ˽һڸ߲ѶңҪȻֻҪһλߣ֮ǰİ֮һһȶһģ󷨷
㳤̵Ļ̴ջᱻƣҶţ̾ԻḶص
ͬǰһ㣬ûһҪƻ̴ֻܿ
Ҷǧ𾪵ǳ̴䱸Ե׷ͳǧöÿһö׷ʹһλߵȫһ
ǧö൱ǧλߵȫһ
ҪŻΣͷǧöӳ̵Իɱ
Щ䱸ʱ򣬼ǧǿ亹ֱðˣ
Ҳüǧ۾ټʤ׷ԭ
ʣµңɽڣǿԻҵķŵ䱸þͻȳ٣ܹǿţĴۣܾͲܹܵġ
˵ƱΪƳɱѶȿܻһ㣬ǣԭ䶼֮УΪŽѿеģƱˡ
ΪƱһԼѪɾ͵ҳ϶Ĵ޷ģһ˶ƴ
ȻԭǣĶս̵ߣϵ£ӿ꺣ĹȣƣޱȣѾˡ
ԣǧ۾Ϳʼʰսβˣܹƣܹնɱ޼Ƴͷԣ˳̣εսѾˣҪЩ̾Ҫٵʱ䣡
ȻƣޱȣǧۻǾһ򵥵ʧ¡صᣬԸлҶļλ֣ͨۻԣͫ³㣬ɷ
ϣǧ۴л˵ÿ˶һݼֵһƷ龧ϵĺ
ᣬɲǸлô򵥡
һ¡صл󣬼ǧԼʵ뷨
С㣬γԮ֣Ϸм֮䶼ʼϴƣֵƼ֮ʣ֪̿ɷΪѣΪǧʵ
Ĺ򣬼ǧѾͨۻԸͫҶ֪һǾ˵ʵ
ͨۻûд𻰣Ŀ⿴˺ͫ
ȻȻͨۻսˣģǺͫ
ɼ񰮣Ϊ֮£һ֣ҲΪ˻Ҷһˣ£
ͫɫľܾ˼ǧ۵ĺ⣬ǧ۵ɫȴ΢΢һ䡣
õģȻò¶棬֮ɣԣޱҪǲߵģֻԸǱޣ
ͫĻüǧһ졣
ǧ֪ģĹļƷʵء
ΪἫƷĹأλڻġ
ǰӲǰ߶һ˶Ȼ֣ǧǴ뷨
һǵӴ̤뽭ôɹɽ䶼׵壬ЩģǼȻ˻˼׽ô˶һĹϵ
û뵽Ǳͫ׸ˡ
̫ϧˣպ裬ܿڣϷܹӦģһӦ⣬ӽÿϷ򶼻רһʽɹɽļƷ֮ڣʱȡ
ãȻ㣬пԸ㣬ͼģͫ˼ǧ۵Ļ˵
ﲻõģֻһЩʵĹϹ߲桢ƷζƷѣȻԸ㣬˶϶ҲίǧЦ
ܾͫͿͨۻǿĿ⣬һƸʹϹԵ۾Ҳͺˡ
ڳԺȲȱ⣬ͨۻԶԼֱԶҩһ㡣
Ҳã¾ʹлˣͫԥһ˵
ԣǧ㲻̫ʧֻҪһ˿⣬ҲһõĿˡ
Ϣ֮󣬼ǧĿͿ˻³ɷ
λƹ֮Ԯ̹̿һл֮󣬼ǧٴ˵ʵ෨
սѾ䶼춨ĵλٵ߲ͣϣ㡣
Ϸ򲻲ţ뽫λΪ̵Ŀ߹һд̵̫ϳ൱
ңֻҪλְҪְλλѡǧۿ󷽡
ʵǧ֮Կ˴󷽵Ҫھǰʾʧ֮󣬶λ߲̫ϣ
ҪǿôôҲôһλߡ
ÿһλ߶Լҵû˻Ըµġ
ԣ³ɷһۣȻͬʱֵɼ񰮣ҵԸΪ̹ҵ
ʲô
ʶģǧۼҪԼĶڳˡ
ԭǧѾΪҪܾˣû뵽ȻԸĴ𰸣ûκθǷ𾪣ͱˡ
ӭӭӭλ̣жλ룬ֱ̼绢绢
ǧ۴ϲ֮࣬ѹûзֻ³ɷҶ֮Ǽݵ
ҶҪڣǲܼ̳Ϊ̵Ĺ
Ȼһ㣬ǧǲ֪ģ
ⳡᣬʱɢҪͨۻǺ̵ĸ߲㶼ȵмܲסʼ͵͵ںͫĺֹ£ǽ
һͫҪͨۻ뿪
ͨۻȴЩᣬֱҶһָüЦ
Ҷͨۻ׼̳䶼ѹεĸֺþƣ
ֵܡ
ߣ
ʱͨۻ˵ʲôͫ


926 
ֵܣпյĻͶɹɽؾңǵôưҪ
ںͫĿв֮£ͨۻֻ˵ôһ䣬Ϳĸںͫ뿪ˡ
Ҷʵ벻ͨۻսֲĴڣôᱻͫŮ˸ʰ˷أ
ֱ͸ѱһ㡣
ҶͨۻԵ̬ȣƺҪ˵ʲôÿһΣᱻͫϻֹ
һ㣬Ҷе㲻ס
᲻ͨۻҪ޳һҪŪֻĸ֮ģ֮⣬Ҷ벻ͨۻԵҪʲô
ϾҶͨۻ֮䲢ûй̫ĽҲʲôܿԣ
£ҶҲû⣬ʱȥɹɽؾڵڿͨۻʱġ
Ҷû뵽ǣһû⣬ȴΪδһʱ׷Ī飡
ˣҶǧ˵һԼլԺľңıܿ˷¡
ͫĳ֣Ҷ¶Ѿļ˳ҶãŮϵѴĹϵˡ
Ҷ׺ͫζ䵭ˡ
ʱͫǼµĴڸող꣬µĳ֣Ҷԥһ¾׷˳ȥ
ʱҶ沢ûж룬ºҶף£Ժͫ˺ж󣬿ֻкͫԼ֪
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һ޽⣬Ҳ˺ͫҶ漫Ϊ䵭ԭ
¼ͫȻ£ȻûʣҶҲףΣܿ
ԭʱոշֳʤ̷æʱҶҲıܿˡ
Ҷͳ˧ʮЩ´´࣬ȻмǧִͣҶα˷ʱأ
ڽ棬ƿ̵һʵ飬Ҷǿ͸ˡ
ʵ
Щʱ򣬻ҪԵʵ˵
ͬ޼һ㣬޼ûпصΪôöϣ
ڣҶҪǲֵù࣬Ϊ
ʣµһˣͽǧȥðɣҶֵУ
£ҶպѾû̫
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ζԸ̽ĿҶԮһս
ʲô뽫Ҷȡ֮Ҳһˡ
ҶȻô֣ҶҲСˡ
ǵϵ˵³ɷڴ򣬾˵֡
οʱ佥ѾָԦѾܹóˡ
ҶҪģǽ߾ȫԼΪ
˵ΪһҶơ
ҶлԵ֮ӲĽ츳Ѫ
츳Ѫ׳ޱȣǿȽһߵ
һ˵Ҷ츳Ѫʣ൱ͨʮ츳Ѫٶȶԣ츳Ѫ֮м亱ʮȫҪǿһɡ
һ㣬Ҷ⣬ǣ츳ѪҶΪ۷壡
ڣΪ
˵ڵͨ似Ҳ׵ҲкüҶѡغܶࡣ
ǣҶ濴ϣ
Ҷߵͨ似ֻṩĸţһӳȥκŶԣǾѧ
Ҷ۽ζˣЩͨ似ȻˣЩ̵Ʒͨ似
ԭҶǰѡһƷͨ似պϵ뷨
ڻ˵Ļ˧֮Ǹպϵ뷨ͳ׵ɢˣҲôʱҶδҪԭ
Ļ˧֮Уǿһ¡
½ڽߵĵȼֵô࣬ǿ֮ôˣ֮ǰΪʵΪպ֮·
׼ȷ˵ΪͻƵ֮ǰһУΪպһ磬ΪҪ
ν֮أ
ʱɵպͻƵʱʱҪĸ֧š
ڵ½϶һĸĸѹԺ󣬵Ϲʱڣŷǳ˵ġ
𸮻Ǿ𸮣һλߣԼ츳Ѫȫɻϵͨ似
ͻƵ֮󣬾ͻᰴٳе𸮻𸮣ҪãߣǼϵô޷սżǿͼӳã
ԽߣӳԽ
Ļ˧ԣԳΪǴ߶Ʒ𣬾ӳ֮ȻƷ
߰𸮣Ʒ𷢳Ʒ
ĵĻ˧Ϊټİ𸮡
Ҷʱһֱûԭ
ΪӴ鸮ʤ߸𸮣ˮһЩ˵鸮
ˮ鸮ľ鸮ȵȡ
Ҷʱ俼ģѡ
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ԪʵʵĵǻԵģȻö˵
£ҶĿǰϹʱڣ˵ġ
ң½˳ϵߣǴǰҶĿģѹ֪һ㡣
ҶȻ֪ˣҪúõ˼һ
ԭʺҶľǵĻ˧İ𸮣Ҷõ𸮣ĻļӳҲǼġ
Ѿ˸ɫǽһƴԪ˷пܣѷǻ͸Է书ûɶˡ
ңδĺҶҲϲˡ
ڵĻ˧֮о˰죬Ҷҳһʺϵ鸮
Ǳ鸮
鸮ʱ仯ǳֻ࣬츳Ѫֻ鸮дͿ鸮ȵȡ
鸮þг֮תϢκι޽ɣ鸮ȹ̣Ҫȳ˸ۺ
ˣҲǳ̶ȾͲˡ
˭ҶǰûʦأˣȴˣֻѡĿǰʺԼģҲܱһͨĺá
鸮ľǽľˮˣҶѾ߽𡢻ͨˮľͨ
ƫ͵ͨ似Ϊϡ٣ڵҲô֣Ʒ̫ͣҶֿۡ
ԣҶѾ츳ѪҲֻš
Ҷ㣬֮ٺѰҺʵͨ似Ļˡ
ԣҶĿǰΪʱڣֻ۷塣
Ϊֻ۷壬Ϊȴûжơ
ҶڽĴսУս˺üλ⣬Ϊ
һһ磬Ҷľʱһ¡

죬ջһ


927 շ
һ䶼ڵĴսնɱʮλ˳ٳɵǼλߺ⣬İλߣ˶ǻ
޼ҲлģĻλߵɷ飬ʹϧѡ
֮⣬λһ˾żһ
ż֮УһƷƷףǴƱƳõġ
նɱƳģȴǻ³ɷˣȻȻģƳϵɻ񣬾λС
ڽλӦΪ̵ĹǧҲ޷Ҫġ
ΨһһǶԳ̽ϵĳˣʱҶǧۺµģһֱҶˡ
սɻ֮ʱҶ沢ûϽᦣѯ˽ǧ۵δã
ȻƴģǻŰɣϽǧشġ
˵ҶȻȻ£ǧ۵⣬ҶҲܹ׼֡
ȣǧѾһ̳һ̳߶͹ģ档
ߣҶϽôʺϼᦵˣԲҶ棬Ϊǿλ̫ϳϡ
ǣһλ̫ϳϼս̳ĻᦣôһСģᦵλ̫ϳϣͻΪҶպϽ֮λγβ󲻵֮ơ
ԣ¼ǧ֪ҶＸڷΪ̫޷߶ҶгᦣǳⷽĿǡ
֪ˣҶ滹볢һ¡
Ĳ˵ҶΪɲһĿ߲
ûҶ볢żᦣǳᦵҶۼΣǷǳȡ
һȻǰ˵ӡȻѾɱڣԳӡûɢ
ð졣
һҶͽȡ˳
ոս⿪ɲǣͼոɲǣҶֵһ׹⣬ͽɻҷɡ
һָӿ˿Ĺ⻪Ҷ߶طʼȡǾޱȵ⣡
ò˵⣬ǳǿ󣬿ص⣬ۺ񣬵ûͻߵķ룬ֻɫ⡣
ԣۺ񣬶ҶķȲ
ҶɫƷϵĸ߶ȣעҪɫ
ʱ֮ۻ⻹ǸҶɫһԵ
ҶΪسڡ
оԵҶԾͽ˴ελߵ⡢ǰһҶɱŸʱҲһȡһ
ҶΪԼΪ͵ٶԽԽ졣
Ϊߵأ͵أҶֻʱϡ
һص֮Ҷ澪ȵķ֣һֱûʲôΪȻسڣ
Ȼ󣬵ҲҶ澪ϲ
ΪҶΪڻͻƵس֮һԵ
ԵǰǰҶĵ˶ʮλߵ⡣
ڵػĹ֮ʱҶնɱĿ߿ɲ
лλߵ⡣
ϲ֮࣬ҶȴֿЦ
Ϊɫ֮ĿǰصΪֱѣأöѣ
ǵ꣬һӶʽķȻҲٳɣǲȫת
һζʮλߵسڣôҶ¾ɱĿߣǵ⾡ҶΪҲ޷ͻƵϡ

ͻȻ䣬ҶԺɷڻлᣬҶǵõɷһˡ
ڻܹıɻȡķа̣飬Ҷ治мΪ֮
ǣǱƳ˺ڻǾˡ
˫Ҷһ˳īɫɫĻᦾͳҶǰ
ʱĳᦣѾԳı塣
˳һɣռһ룬īɫɫĲ˸ָ·
Щ·ȻģǿȴһֱУ·ÿһ·Ӧһ㣬ϸһƺÿһ·͸һµϢ
ͨ˵۹⿴ĸоҶλʦУǰһᦣֱһƷ
ÿһ·һַָÿһ·Ļ뽻㶼һָɡ
ⳤᦣ䵽κһλʦУǶ޼֮ϸоЩ·꣬ˮƽܹʱ
ϧǣҶ治һ
Ҷ֮ǴϹʱڵ󽳵Ļ˧һۿȥⳤͱҶ濴˸ͨ͸
ңеĵطҶԵĻ˧鿴ƵַǳĴǾϸƷ
Ȼƹ鿴ƣҪǽҶһҶƲġ
ɲҶ֮ǰӼʮ󷨾ܹƷˡ
ⳤϣҶĿǰһۿ󷨣ͳһǧν֮
˵ƲϵѵãҶҪƻʱǲˡ
ڳϱߵĽ˸˼£ʹʧ
ʧɲǣԭ⻪ĳᦣ⻪һȻ˻ߡ
ϧǣҶ׼ڽ⿪Ƶһɲǣɫǳˮһӿ˳֮ڣʱͽѵĳѹöá
ЦҶһϹŴеʦǽһԼѣǾͿҿ鶹ֱײˡ
ų֮٣ҶһӾͱ¼£ҶеĻҪѶȡ
Ϊ£Ʒһ˱Ĩɱ΢ʶҲ˻Ľһͳûѡ
ͨ£ֻΪǿĻϣһ㣬Ҷ֪ıʲôȽס
ӵнһһ˼άʶ꣬ǾԲڻϵġ
ᦳֻһ¡ᦵƷףԲƷпƷƷ
볤Ǿ˵ܣΪڿʱ߶ͻᱻֱӳƤãһ㣬Ͳˡ
ΪһϹŴеʦҶǳٶȼһ
ÿеһ㣬ҪڻסĵķӡԼӡǳɡ
һҶɫֱڲĴڵĵط
飡
ɲǣҶɫͷ·һ㣬͵ײһȦĹ⻪ϱߣźĹ⻪ߣһССĳᦵӰǾǳᦵˡ
ɫⱻҶüͷʱһ塣
ᦵ꾹ȻֱӴ߶˳ᦵıԴҶӡ
ҪΪᦵƷĸߣԴǿҶѹ޷ͻᦵıԴӡ
仰˵ֻҪⳤᦵˣҶ޿κΣ
룬Ӧÿҵ˼ǰõѡǷſӡΪҲǿҶֱ˷һѶϢȥ
ɱҵˣұԴ𣬻ҷΪΣ
ϵģ龹ȻҶһɵѶϢҶʮ⡣
龹Ȼܸ˵ҶеĻҪǿ󼸷֣ͬʱҲҶϹŴеʦѶϢĲȷǰƷס
ӦƷģһԵܹΪƷҲ˳ƵΪƷꡣ
ǿΪŴģƾΪ𣿡ᦵЦһ
ԣҶȴ̾һ㱾Դսе֮٣ǣǿĲ㣡
ߣʹɣ޿κβɣұԴ¾ʹ˳ȥҲóѵģ˵
Ҷ¶һ˿Цǰⳤᦵ꣬ѹһΪĺӣΪԴ𣬾͸Ǿʹ˱ȥ
˵ԸһƤĺӣҶһʦеǷ
𣿡
һҶһ˳֮ڣÿĳ󷨽ڵʱҶһ¡
ߴ֮ڵ󷨽ṹؾҵĲ
ͬʱ꼫侪ֵס֣ס֣㵽׸ʲôȥһģ
ҶһӵϹŴеʦȻ鲻࣬ΪĿǰƲ˻ǻһȴһ׶ˡ
ֻҪƻ˻ڵ󷨽ṹڵķͻɷɳᦶ꣬ȻҲɢˡ
ôڣǿֶ𣿡ҶЦ
һΣĳȴ˵ˣҶٴЦһҪ㣬Ҳлı£ܹûƷ׵ı£
һʱ̣Ҷһֻ޻Сѵĸо


928 ׽
ΪʦһϹŴеʦշһС꣬ʵڲʲô¡
ظ֤һ֮Ҷóᦵ˷ķſ˳ᦵıԴҶӡ
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˵ģҶⳤɫɵӡʱ򣬾ó꾪ϲһ
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ҶɫԵʣⳤȻ˳ֻ˲ʱͳɡ
Ļ˧µ֮УмСţԽʱһ룬£Ҳûʱ
ڼϣҶߵĲ죬Ҳֻɫһˡ
ɣǽ꺣֮Уҹָʹˡ
ֱܹս꺣֮УҲǻص㡣
ҲΪһ㣬ƻĲϼ󣬷ĵر޷ƣʱʦҪҲߡ
ڽ꺣֮ǰҶ滹Щ಻ס볢Ŵ߶һ¡
Ҷ֪µõĳΡ
Ʈǰ̸˺ᦵĳᦣҶⳤᦵ÷ѾȻġ
ҪҶӡ˳ԭӡɹ֮֮һϢͽᦵ˵
˵ⳤǺñܹأܼǿ
΢΢һҶСĳŴ߶˳һ¡
һɲǣĹ⻪ôһ㣬ôһһ߶ȴҶһֻɢĸо
߶ɲǣھʹһɼɲǼĹҶ浤ڵͱȡһա
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ôæ͵еĻᣬҶúõĳһԼ
ʱڣҶնɱӰɽޣȻǸǰһΪСèףһȥѾԦŵĸ֮޵Ѱҵҩ
һɹǡǰ鷳ڳϸɣ֮ǽΣҶΪնɱ¥¥¥䣬˳Σ
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ȴҶԼԼʵһʶԼĶԼĶ
һӵҶ˼Ҷպ֮·ߵøԶ
ÿһ֮ĸ򣬶ʼҶͷĻ˧µӳ֤
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ӷǳࡣ
ʱһĹȥҶķ˼ҲԽԽ࣬ջҲԽԽࡣ
תۼ䣬͹ȥʮһĹ
ʮϣߵͻأĳҶԺУСӣе
Ҷʮľ˼Ҳǰģ֮ǰҶ϶һ˵˳׷һ¡
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˶ΪǶһѷ׷޲еµõĵ̶һ֣޲ЩµõδϺݺݵҧһڡ
Ķǵģòֺ
СӣȴܰﾲʮĹ򣬲Щ֮Уͳһ㣬պ֮·ϵĳɾͣҲ
ߵĹάҶȴЦǰˣСӲȥΪҵģ˭ҲòߣҵģĿǰҲ簲Ǳޣ
СӣʵϣܿɹĵطˡҶСӣϷԼ㲻˰ɣ˵
ôô
δлǰԮ֮ǰлˣ˵ţҶվ˳ǰһҾ
лϷֻ֣֮Ľ׶ѣңϷ򲻳֣İҲǲҲսʤֻԴһˣ˵
ˣϷҲ˵ϻˣǰϷ̸׵ģ˵
ȻӦǰ;ԲʳԡǰҪʲôֱԣҶ˵
ܼ򵥣ѾΪ˸ɽ̳ھŲȨޣֱϷ̳ھŲļ̳ΣͿˣ˵
Ҷ΢΢һ־ֱ˵˵Ϸ֪Ҫ˵ʲôҪʣϷҲġ
Ϸ˸֤Ϸͼı̳֮ģϷֻ̳ͨȷһ°ˡ
Բ̻̳ʲôľٶ˵
΢΢˼һ£Ҷصĵ˵ͷãŵԵģǰηֱʲôʱ룿
ڶʱδϷҪʱ򣬻뷨֪ͨģһΣϡ˵
ϣ
û
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ҪɣϷ֮ѡżǧ֮ʽ̳Ҫǲˡ
εģ֮󣬳ϷϣǧǼһҲ˴ô̳ƿظһ
õ״̬£˵ᷢ˴̳ھŲ㣬㿼ǣ֮ĵĽĺãҶ˵ʲô߾ٴδҶĻ
ǣǰ֪˵ģƱӻ˵ĿߣǿıƳնɱˣô˵˽Ҷ漱
ϷϷ˭ȥԼĴȥ
û˵һʱ֮ǰϷ㣡󣬾ͳûϢ


929 ߵʵ
չؽһʱҶ֪⼸췢¼нǧ˵ǰ
գǧ۳ſǣǷŹţƱ
Ȼɽڣлʵǿ󣬵ǣֻҪǧºģڸƵ֮£Żûκġ
ǣŸۣȴ̵ٶȴӰ졣
ǰ¥ĵ̻ûг̸Ʊĵ̣ǰĵ̡
ҪЩ̣Ҫ֣Ҳ½֣ҪһҳϵϽڡ
ĿǰռݳƱĵ̶̣ΪԶһķ̳ʱڷ״̬
¶ţʧһֺ֮ռݵĵٴôȥܻ̿
ң䶼ܱߵҲǸǵģڶѾ춯һвԻ˳֡
ҪǣҪţǧ۲ûʮɽİա
ӵһ䢾͹ǧͷʹģӵһɽǹƼǧ˯˯ˡ
ǿλлսɸɵһ㿪ߵĿֲڰ
һôλֲĴʱڰȴŸֻҶ֮ǰһ㣬һһһ˵̵ĸ߲㣬̾ͻԴ˴ҡ
֣ǧŵľ
һڸǰڣɽ˹ͬˣ˫ԡ
֮ڣ̲ÿս֮ڣ֣һͬС
Ȼɽǳ׼ǧ۵⣬ںǺ̸ҲȡЩ̺ͷչʵʱ䡣
Ҳ֮Žʮɡ
ǣɽȴòӦҲܲӦ
Ϊɽʮһ̵ܾĴͻ᲻ϧһдܶ档
ͬʱһ̾սҲʵ𣬲սλߣֻӻλ
һˣûһصʱ䣬޷ָģһλΪոͻƵһصߣΪһ͵
ҵģΪӢ˹룬սʱǧ꺣ߣŻģǧˣģǱɱǱ
һŻ˴ˡ
űҲʱָԪ
д󣬾˹ͬ˵ĳ֡
ǩ˹ͬˣƱ̬ȴһ
ǧȴǼᶨҪƱ
죬ǧ۷ƱΧ˴ս߳ǧˣ߳˴롣
ĿľҪƱ
Ϊʲôأ
ƱйأȫѪƼһˡ
ּһĽͬһ㽭糤̣ҲˣΪ临ģ١
ǼУһ˽ѣһ˿ܾͻΪˡ
Ϊ帴𣬻Ϊ˸Ϊ˸𣬲ϧһдۡ
кüǱĳЩӵĺ˸ġ
Ҳԭ򣬼ǧ۲Ҫ׵Ʊ
ҪѾɱƱıҲ峤Ƴ޷Ѫ
ֻɱ
ӱҶüǧ׾ԣǴǧ۵ȷġ
ѪҲڼǧƼʱ˳
ʱƼҼλΪڻƼҵļλźߣϧֱطȼһԴ
ǧ۾ʱ˵ģֱӱλƷһƷǧȻ̳Ҳش
źǣգһλƼɹӳ죬Ŀǰڽܹĵ׷λƼꡣ
Ҫǣһս֮У̻λܵشɷڣսʮˣ˶ʮˣ꺣ߵսǧ
ν˲أѪжǿɴ˿ɼһߡ
ͬʱЩʼģչ
̶ʮ֮ڣķ̳ͳʮĿǴǰ̷̳Ŀһˡ
ңڵ̼̳Ѿ޷չ˹ˣѩƬʾĽ񣬽̳̱ѣǧۿٵĸı̵ļܹ
ڷ̳̳֮䣬ʮãÿøܱߵϽĵ߸̳̳ˣʮͳﰲţŷ̳̳Ȩֱӿʮá
Ǻʮõʮĸλãͳֿȵλá
̣͵λҦɭ£Ҳһ֡
˵ĹĶӪָЩˡ
һ֣ɽǧǬٶϣһ
ҶĲ֪ҶǰĳǵĸӡԱΪʮ֮һ
ڽ룬˳ǵĸ
Ҷƣǧ۵տҶ潫ħԪֽ˲϶ҶţֲҶʵд˰š
ҶլԺŮ˵ӡ֮⣬Ҷ棬Ҷһֱڱչأ޷Ҷһ֮󣬾뿪ˡ
Ҷ濴ˣϾǺӡҶ¶ļˣҶ֮Ҷ浫飬ֱӷԸǡ
ڽǸ˵ˡ
Ҷεǣһ£˵ˡ
ǧȻˣ˿̽æûˡ
ǿѹƣҹټ̸߲㴦Ҫ񣬽սеĴ°ŵò࣬ʱ磬ȥչˡ
չǰ˼Ѷش񣬿Ҷλϻ̾
ò˵˵÷ǳ׼
øոսչصҶҲò˷Ľ֮С
ҶȻûȷǽĽֻҪɵӣѾҶѾΪ̳ˡ
һֱæϣҶǳլоλߵļ١
Ϸ̳㣬·עмҪ˷
꺣괫ʱҶϢĶصףֱ̳ķ
ûʱҶ͵̳صס
һΣҶˣ˸СۣڵصתһȦ뿴λߵģҶת˺üȦûзλߡ
ЩٵĶݳ棬Ѱһûκη֣
ˣϷ󣡡
أһȣҶ溮ëը͵תͿһԼ԰ֵĺˣվҶҶľ룬һߣ
룬Ҷ񺮲ѡ
ӽһߵľ룬Ȼûз֣ΪҪǣڴ֮ǰҶͱŽͨ״̬
仰˵ǰˣҪȡҶС練ơ
Ҷǰй²⣬²ǲ²⣬飬һָоҶĺ󱳣ʱͱ亹ʪ͸ˡ
תɲǣҶ湦˫Ŀλ沿뿴λߵʵݣǲ²


930 ֵ
ҶĿȵλԳϵʱ֮ģȴŨŨʧ
ǰλͻأĳҶߣҶԿһǳԼ٣ϸòʱȴֱ÷ǳģ
һˮһ㣬ôҲС
СӣͶϷĿôȤ
֪ʱ򣬾ͻ֪ģ߰ɣһҶ棬ҶƼһ㣬ߴ̳һ˸΢Ĵš
Ҷ𾪵ǣ߾Ȼ̳ĴĲһ£ʹҶֱ̳
̳ǵŵķжǿѾ̳һ˿ӡҶ棬
ǿ۷ˣȫһҲ䲻⿴ƹ⻪΢Ĵš
ߣȻֱܹӴ롣
Ǵţ̳ǰŲÿ֮磬λǰ͸һ㡣
ңǴһҶ氡
ҶǷݳԾͱˡ
ͬһʱ̣Ҷ΢΢һСèͶˡ
Ҷ滳̳֮⡣
ҶһûиСèͳ𣬻һɫ⻪ֱ̳Ժڵľ
λû˭Ҷһֱй²⣬ģǿԺİˡ
ҶΪļ汩еĵȻûֱӹϵǻǰƺڲһϵ
Լ˵ٴ˰ʮˣҶ̵ЩŰʮϽڣ
ңһǰҶ̳Ǹ˵ıӰԼмƶҶð
λԼʱ棬Ҷ⣬ǰСèߣСèǰȥ۲ڵȷҶжϡ
ΪҶʱĸӦλѪ֮ǰڣôڴʱ϶ڣֻαװ
Ҷϣƻ
һɲǣҶһ
ò̫ԶСèڵһ˿ͽֱ۵ĿСè˫龰
Ժ®֮ڣʱӰ´£뷢԰׵İԴŰϾƣһһһ±ζȵòֺ
ĹСèѾŰں˺üɢϾƣƷ졣
һϾһˣһȻֵģ
Ҷʧ֮
ܹĽʳ˵ڵİڲĻһʵʵѪ֮
Ȼ֣ͳ׵ƷҶ֮ǰжϣ߲ǰڣ
֣ҶЩˡ
ҶСӣʲôأˣߵͻ
ûʲô
룬Ӧôƺǰأǰ͸ţҶʱΡ
ţ¶һ˿׷֮ɫ콭ţϷ򶼿˰ǰɣͳƺϷΪϰɣ
ϣ
£Ҷ泹׵ʧˣƺӵ˵ϸ֮ûκιҶˡ
ˣھŲ̳磬Ϸ޷ȥˣͻȻسѵ
ޣã
Ҷһʱһ˿ӡռǧķһ߶֮ǰʯĵھŲ̳磬ͻˮһζ
һɲǣҶλϣͽ˵ھŲ̳֮С
ҶĵھŲ̳ǰν޶£λϣ֮󣬾һޱȵӡ
ҶԸӦλϰޱȵʼھŲ̳ݺἤϸĹ۲š
Ҷٵǣʱλϵǲˮûһ˿һĲ
ҶСӣȥվϣ΢Ĵ߶̣ͻ
ǣ
ϻϷҪǣϷֻΪ֤Щ뷨ѣϷҪлģܵסϵòͷ
ðɡ
һɲǣҶվ̵̣ɲǣ̶һȦ°ɫĹ⻪
վˣҪҪһֱάסԲܶϣ
һ߳ͻ°ɫĹ⻪ע֮УɲǼ䣬ھŲ̳ܱ˴°ɫ⻪
Щ°ɫӳĹ⻪־Ͷ䵽֮ϣʱһ°ɫĹֱӳֱ̳޾ա
ҶԸоõλϵһɲǸ°ɫĹ֮ϣƺ°ɫĹһ˳ȥ
ͬʱվ֮ϵҶ棬ȴӿһɼĸо
һ˵ĸо
ʱڰڽ֮µ̣ƺƮƺָĳȴڽʵޱȡ
ָоޱȡ
°ɫĹȥʱļ侪ˣȻϵΪҲֻ֧ʮϢ°ɫ⻪Ϊ̣жϡ
°ɫĹжϣھŲ̳ڣҶµ̵΢֮⣬еĹ⻪ȫʧ
ҶֹĸоҲʹʧ

ͬһɲǣͻطЦЦУǻ뾪ϲ
ҵˣôˣҵˣڶˣϷôĿİ

һЦҶģ˷·ײһ㡣
ͬһʱ̣ҶҲþޱȣ⸱ģҶһֲõԤС
ϼֲΪҶ漸г׿̳뷨ˡ
ռǧڣ̳ڲҲޱȣǿд룬˸
ǺǣҶСĪĪ
ϷֻǿѰ˼˽Ĵ𰸣ڵõ֤Щʧ̬Щʧ̬˵
Ĵ𰸣Ͽɷ֪
ҶСѣϷСĿǰϷһҲֻ̤˼Ҫһֻ֤Ϸһж϶ѡ
ҪóĴջ񣬻Ҫһƶ֤˵
Ҫһƶ֤ҪôϣҶʵ
ҪʱҪҡͷ
Ҫһƶ֤ϷҪǰ⼸طˣϷһæһҵʱӦþҵմ𰸵ʱ򣡡Ц
մ𰸣
ûմ𰸣˵𰸶ҶСҲãʱϷҪҵǸմ𰸣ȻٲҶСѵһݡ˵
ˣҶСѣ˼ˣϷȥɣ
Ҷλ뿪̳ھŲ㣬ϵסϷĽףֻһ룬һ뽻׵ʱϷϷ̽õմһҶСѣҶСѶԣǳֵģ
ֵ
ôСĿԴ
˵䣬λϵѾƾʧУһƺ˵ƺ
Ϸİ׷ѰĶǡֵܹݵġ
ͬһɲǣҶѾĪ
İ갡
ǰλϣȻһλİϹ
ңԣֻ׷Ѱմİѣڴ֮ǰ϶Ҳɳϡ
ôϵ׸ٶ٣
ꣿ
ꣿ
߰ꣿ


931 
һü죬Ҷڴǧ۴һЩͬʱҲеȨʼѼ˰ΪﵽصĴܡ
ЩءûȷѶĴܡ
ҶΪľǴЩ˿켣ҳλصϵĸš
Ҷ棬ϻİĹѰҵĴ𰸣ʲô
ǣжֻ죬Ҷͷж
صĴܱϾ࣬һҲֲһǣ̵鱨ŻܹĽ˰Ϊ￪صĴߣȴһٸ
ϸ鷢֣һˣߣп·пǰ£ҲпܱܻĿ١
ң̵ֻǸһŵ֣ϸһŲ֪
ǰ鶼ǳѣ˵ǰ˰ǰġ
οҶˣִķʽҲλϵĸŵġ
صߣɵĿԽ½Ŵ֮пߡ
ַʽҵϵĸţѹΡ
¾¥ҲҲλϵĸš
ļڣÿҪҶԴĽĶ࣬Ϊ£ҶףǧΪˡ
ҶƣҪ֮УÿͲˣÿһۣǴıôĽ
Ȼ̵Žܻ٣Ҳòȥ
ʱһţҶȴԽԽ
Ҷԭ¥¥¥õй츳ѪϢѾˡ
˵츳Ѫˮlˮlʿ¯Ƶģ¥鱨츳ѪĲѾ룬ϡˮlʿҪ׼
һֲʱһУҪ˸ҵ׼ʱ䣬ˮlʿ츳ѪһҪʮһʱ䡣
Ҳ˵ɵӦҶ浱õϢ֮ʮһ֮
¥ּҵʱʱǰԼĳʱʱˡ
ǣǰˮlĺͼҶûС
ο¥ˮlн飬¥һɳ֧ǰˮlĶ飬ֻǲȡⵤҩҪǰǰ
ôҶͼûУһĨڵǰѰңʱٲǾ͸ûлˡ
Ҷż
ʱգҶѾڻԵɺϵ¶츳ѪȻΪҶܹ츳ѪĵҩǺεȵ󣬺εȵѵá
ټҶõ˵Ļ˧У֪Ϊɵ֮պ֮·Ӱ죬ѡԼδ鸮
鸮
鸮֮ģͲռƣǲܳ鸮Ƹ
Ҫ볹鸮Ҫ츳Ѫ
ҶĿǰֻ츳Ѫôһżʮпһε츳ѪҶԾͷǳҪˡ
ڱصá
ңֻҪЩˣΪԼ󱲵ʣԻ´ѪѪƴ
ҶҵˮlҲѣοڻһĨڡ
οޱȣ·ʱ䡣
ԣҶھͼޱȡ
һͶһֻᡣ
ǽǧ۱չ˻δҶֲһֻ֮ż
˵ǣҶƽʮʱ䣬һֱչصĽǧڳˡ
ʵϣʮʱ䣬ǧ۵Ʋûȫָֻǻָ߳ɣͼҴҵĳˣҪǵҶƽֵŵĹؼʱ̣Ĳ¡
ĵһ£ǧ۾ǲ鿴ҶЩ촦ùĽ񣬿Ƿ׵
ǧϵģҶ洦ƺǳ˳֣˽һʱǧ۾Ȼûһ
Ҷʮͳ˧ǧҲȻˡ
Ҷ棬㴦Ľ񣬱ϷеҪõĶ࣬мȥıϷҪϷο̺ˣϷǷˣ
ɣ㴦òϷƻδȬͼϷչˡ
ȼǧ˵꣬ҶȿЦһ£ȴҪȥ죬ˣ¾ˣ
ʲô£ǧЩ档
£ҶҲǧۣͽõй츳ѪϢ˼ǧۣĴ㡣
Ҷ棬뷨Ϸ֧㣡
иıԼ츳ѪĻᣬһܷ
ǣĿǰȥѰ츳ѪҪ˷ǲܿ˷⣬ȥҲǰ׷пܰװ׶
⣿
⣿Ҷʵ


932 Ӱ纣
ǰˮlĺͼоʸǰѰ츳Ѫ⣡ǧ˵
Ҷüͷһ壬ͼ£ףûкͼͷĲӬһ㣬ѹҲĿꡣ
ֻҪа취ģҲǰԭ򣡡
ǽ⺣ôҲ⣿Ȼ޷ԱΪСè
СèǰУԱ֤ȫԣһӦòʲôɣҶʵ
ǧۻҡҡͷûȥѹ֪Σ
ȥҶЩ档
ΪͻƵûãȥһʱ䣬ջ顣
Ҷ棬ǲǾã֮ϣȫĵطˣǰɣǧʵ
ԣҶ˵ͷӦǰɣ
ģǾǴشˣΪˣ֮ϣ־ʹ䣬ʬǶҲ
ͨΪ֮ΣǺϣʵȻеЩֲޣ඼ϲס֮С
ˮ渽ޣƷ״಻ߣҲСӣΪЩ޶Ⱥޡ
һַβ㣬ֻǵؽƷޣҲ൱ڻ꺣һص߶ѣǣһʮβأ
ʮβ
Ҷ浹һҪ˾ص¶Ըˡ
޶Ⱥӣǳе޳Ⱥ֮ȻֲЩƵĺɿɢǡ
£ϣΪȫ
˵ǧһ٣ڴ롪ȫĵطѹǿӣ˲ĵط
ϵڶ࣬ǲʺСЩ죬ʱḡˮ棬ʱᱻˮûʧ
ЩʱʧʱֵĵЩ޷סСŴޣǷޡ
֮֮սҲƵôܹģ˳Ⱥӵķޡ
룬ǵصĳʱô죿
УȲǣ
ܣӣ

Ǹûʲôɣǿɽ·ľ
żǧ۵Ҷ齥ޱȣóǧ˵Ρ
ο˷أУЩϴǣЩպյĵ죬µأҶʵ
ַʽ
ǧ۳Ҷָͷһǳɹģĺ޻ǿз
Щ죬ôһЩѵ޻Ƿ޵ط
ѵĺ޻Ƿ֮󣬳ɹģĳУоһ㣬ܵңкͼ֪ܱ߷Χ޷ֲ
֪ߣ֪ﲻߣԣݣ
ǵڶأҶʵ
ڶ֣ǺרõĴֻ֮Ϊ򺣴ȫͷڣ򱻳֮Ϊ纣󣡡ǧ˵
纣󣿡
ûǿ纣󣬿纣УҲһֳΪĽͨߣͬʱոڵϮֻҪ̫϶ϰȫߡ
ⶫ˵ǳνߵıرı֮ˡ
˵ţǧ¶˻֮ɫ꣬ϷδҲΪ˿纣󣬲ܶαģ
ôһ˵纣ĺҪôⶫܹŪҶʵ
ȥˣϷҴʦӰ纣󣬾ϷĽɣ
˵䣬Ҷֻù⻪һǰͳһͨ°ɫ
Ӱ纣ԼʮףмߴԼףԼףͷββͬʱβһܲϸܵ·Ҷʦ۹ϱ˷
˵βºͣôͷͷǳ׺ġ
Ӱ纣ͷűĽ⻪״мһһ״һ㡣
ȴǷޱȣķ˸ľĺ⣬ʲôײȥܹƿƶǡ
ңҶĸӦҲӡһָȥɲǣҶ͸Ӧ̵ķ
ǿȵļͷǿƼƼ׷ַֻһ㡣
Ӱ纣Ϸʦ괳ʱѴƵģƷɣüƷ龧߶ܹӳƷҶڴǧ۽Ӱ纣
ʦӰ纣ʱλӸλϺõõĲϣϼࡣ
Ӱ纣ʮ׳׸ߡ׿ʵϣֻܹɵĳˣֻܼˡ
طȫ˸ַںˮУԷӳЧϷϷָһ
˵ţǧ۾ҶӰ纣֮ڡ
ǧԣӰ纣ȥĴ󣬵ڲռȴСߵװȴ򵥶ݻ
նҹ飬ƤгľƵС
ҶԾģǴǰļ˸΢Ŀ󷨽ڵ㡣
Ǽٷ·龧գ벻ͬ龧ṩͬĺϺٶȣȻҲƷ龧
ͽȥһǧƷ龧ںﺽʮʱٶؽƷ޵ٶȲࡣ
ǻƷ龧ٶȾ͸Ʒĺ޺ٶȲ࣬ǻɼƷ龧ٶȿɾ͸ƷζٶȲˣȻֻżġ
ңʱԼ󣬼Ķ٣һɵĺٶȡ
ӽȥ㹻ļƷ龧ֻҪɰǧֻ׺޵ΧҲ޷
ͬʱһ׵ǸͻϺٶȣͻᷢӳµ
ƽغʱںϺУǱޣǱˮ󣬿Ӱ纣˲Ǳ뺣ˮʮףһԸٵˮǰУܴķޡ
һ˵ţǧ۵¶һ˿⣬ЩӰ纣ĵطӰ纣ĵطʵǿ
ҶЩԾ
ûҲֵҹֻҪӰͶ뼸ǧƷ龧ɫͻ뺣ˮΪһɫ˺ˮ֮С
ͬʱӰϢãֻҪ㲻÷һֻиƵĺһ㣬ܹ
ͬʱӰ纣УһֻƷͷǣɢһѹɢһȺӺޡ
ȻѹֻӰ纣ںˮʱǧ׷Χڵĺ޲ܸӦⶫֱ
һ̾ţһһֻĿ⿴Ӱ纣󣬼ǧƺڻŵ괳һ㡣
ͻأǧ۶ͷɫɳӰ纣תһȦ
ʱҶϾ¶һ˿ݣǣ


933 ǰĿ
żǧ۵ɫɽӰ纣ĴڣҶĸӦӰ纣ڵһӡڼٵɢš
Ϣ֮󣬼ǧ۵ɫɳһƣǧ۾ͽӰ纣Ҷ档
Ҷ棬ǸˣϷҲ֪ۺɣǰľģ
ͬϷһϷģǰӰ纣͸㣬ϣڹؼʱ̾һ
ϣܹϷһŻ
Ҫ˵°ɣϣϷ˼ǧҶļ˵
Ҷ촽˶գǹ˹֣ף
ãǾͺã
ڣ˵˵⣬ʸ񣡡ǧת˻⡣
ˮlˮlʿͷϷҲģ꿪¯һΣÿһο¯ܹķĿ
Ʈѩȸ漰
ҲֻЩڵĶǿ߻ܹˮl򣬻ϵʸ񡣡
˵ǧۿЦһ£̣ǰѹûʸģͷչ׳ʮ꣬У
ԣҶͻһ˵ĶǿߣҲпܻôôûпкͼأǰˮlĺͼأ
Уڣ͸кͼǧ۴
˭򡭡
СӲȥɣǧ۵۾
ˣһȥĵɣҶЦ
ûһɲǼ䣬Ҷȷʵɵˮl뷨
Ҳѡ
սǿŻƣҶ̵ݴɱҲ֮ء
Ǹܡ
ޱȣ˵ǾŴ½֮ܺʮءӵлĿߣһҲɲľͷ
ûаյ飬Ϸ괳ʱһΪ߽ͨ׾ɢ֮أֶ鱨ͼԣȥԣǲ֪ôȥˣڲڡ
˵ţǧ۵ݸҶһ򣬡Ϸ괳ʱ¼µĺͼһЩע
пտԿһȴȫţϾϷ򴳵ǰʮǰˣôȥˣ֪ᷢʲôı仯
лҶӹ˵
㰡ô⣡˽ϷɲԸƺϷΪģҲ̫˰ɣǧЦ
Ҷһ㣬漴Ӧл
ҶȻûаȴʱڶĥѾ˷֮ʵһҲӦõġ
ŷǧʱЦúúãʲôʱ
죬ɣҶ˵
ǸǻǼĸµ飬ǰһ°ɣȻչأĵ뿪ɣǧ˵
Сף
ȥɣ뿪ʱ򣬲Ϸˣ

ʵҶ뷨ǧ֮һھͻ뿪ͻȻ죬ԭġ
ҪΪǼӰ纣
ǧôһ˵Ӱ纣ҪҶҲʶˣǣҶһʦ۹Ӱ纣ȻƷƷףѹһƷĲƷ
Ҷ񣬼ǧ۵ʦ𾴵һ֮ӦڵʦƵģȻ̵ʦҲ̺ϯʦˮ׼ˡ
纣ӴһƵģλʦƷĲϣһƷĿ纣
ȻڱǺñˣҶУȴǴ©ٳ
棬ô棬ֻƽ̫˷ˡ
Ҷ۹⣬洦ķٿԵӵʮϣطΣҲࡣ
ҲΪ֣Ҷʱ⣬㽫Ӱ纣һ
˵Ҷصסʹ߶ٴϸϸĹ۲Ӱ纣
ÿһ󷨵ϸ΢νӴÿһֲϵԣҶ涼ϸ΢Ĺ۲졣
ȻӰ纣ֻһƷĴѶҪСö࣬Ҳʧܡ
ΪܽӰ纣£ٳ⣬Ҷ滹ϸоһ֮󣬲Ŷƣ
һӣһԴСתҶǿ£ѶȺֹǳɱ½
ԣӰ纣ĸ죬˹ǳҶ۵ùǺ֮⣬ǳĳɹǳɱӣ

ܲȥ𣿡
ڣҶӵߣýźḧҶţĲᡣ
Ҷش𣬷Ҳ֪ҶĴʲôһҪȥܴܲңҲ뿴˵ķ⣿
ŷµૣҶĿЦ
˴ǰԼǰ;ΪϣϷ£Ҷ浹·»ؼʱ̣ƴԼҪҲҪȫ¡
¾ЩʱҶƴҲȫ˷£ǲµ顣
£𰸻˵ġ
ԹԵģΪѾͻƵһأѾǿߣҪģǽɹɽƷǱޣȫͻƣ
һҵΪͻƵڴһȥķ⣡Ҷ˵
ƭңﲽΣԲҡ
Σһڣҵ£㲻ǲ֪İɣ
ǡ
ԣҵģҶĿ⣬ûжԡ
Ƿ²֪ǣҶĿУȴһŮ˵Ӱӡ
ÿʱҶͻ뵽£һֱѶĲ¡
ҶԸһŵǲأ
λҶͷЯĲأ
֪࣡
˼֮࣬ûжϹ
ʼգҶһֱûзѰҲµ뷨
˴ҶǰĿģɲȥѰ츳ѪѰҲµ뷨
ȻҲµģΪҶ浱֪뿪½
ǣڻǺڣ½֮磬˽ⶼ̫ˣٵ
˵½ϣЩоԶĵ죬ǱصĵطһЩǧϹ
ͨۻ˵֮Ул˺üǧ塣
ΪЩҶſҪȥڴ˵Ѱ츳ѪֻҶдҪĿġ
Ѱ½֮ϢѰ뿪½ķҶ˴ǰĿģ
ֱڼһҹ࣬ǲ˵
⻹һƬڵʱҶĵװ÷͸׼õңȻߵ´ǰҴҴӣڷ¶ͷһǣתŶ
ҶŶɲǣ͵۾һһ·Сģջ
ҶûлͷһصĵͷһʱʧҹɫС
´أҶУȴűĿģҶЩ
Ҹʱ䣬ýµ˵
߿УҶ̾һͿСèĿ⿴˱
Ŀꡪۣ飡


934 Ѫ춯
ۣλ򱱷ڿ뺣ļۿ֮һΪ
Ҿͽ飬ֻΪǿ߲ʸǺ˲ܽеһ顣
ããޱߵЩǾͼҪ鱨ϢȣģȺĶǿǣͻ۵ۡ
ö֮СȦԽԽ̶۾ͳ߽Ψһһۿڡ
ۿڣΪ˻ۿڣߣͷǳټˡ
ϧǣȻǣһΪսǿ󣬵ܹŻģɶ㡣
Щǿǣмҵˣ檣ǽŮء
һЩúĽŮͼеܵۿ棬ÿźһߵĺ棬˻ع顣
һ꣬꣬ʮ꣬ʮꡭ
ȥյ䣬ɿݣոһյ棬ɵܡ
ɴ˶
˵ʱϰλ䲻һŮ棬ηš
Ӳ˵˳Σԡ
Ҷ沢Ǳ֮ҶеԽǧ۵ĺͼҲΪ㣬ԣҶҲô۳
ٵŪһЩԵĺͼǧ۸ĺͼӡ֤Ͼǧеĺͼǰʮ֮ǰˡ
ҶźǣҶɵѾв٣ɷĺڹڶ赺Ļ˵ȣ˵Ĵָȴûдаݺͼ
ȻҶãԭġ
ͼϵĵ죬ÿһǱԣΪ˽ɱǴЯͼģǼԺеġ
ˣǼԺеĺͼЩڸߣйغͼļ䶼ᱻʩطӡǱѻ꣬Ҳ޷ѵá
ǱҶѻĺɷĺڹڶˡ
ȻҶѻ꣬Ҷɷ鱨ɷܱߵĴԼĵ鱨ϸĺͼȴǰ㶼Ƿ
ҲҶĿǰٵ⡣
üǧ۵Ļ˵Ͽһ޼ʣȴԲһƽĵطҲоĳƬ򣬾ͻᾪĳֻ˯о
ԣҶĵһǴͨ۱ȶһǰͨĺͼȻк֮Ƶͨ԰һж
۾䶼ֱ߾ٶʮһĿߴԼҪһµʱܸϵڿ߿Լи·¡
ߣûдСͣҲа·ѱԹ˵϶ʮҾܵ
֮£ҶСèٶȾ͸һˣֻ˿µʱ䣬͸ϵۡ
⻹Ҷ氮ϧСèʱϢԵʡ
ҪȻʱֻ̡
Ҷ汾Ϊߣֻ۷壬СèɢƷϢȴ൱ڿߵϢ
ԣ·;Զ·ȴҲûֲ۵ļһﵲ·Ҷ˳˳ĸϵۡ
۲ԶҶСè΢ĸıһòΡ
֮ǰǧ⽻Ҷ˱Ƚ϶࣬ڣǶĴ¥߸Ǳ鲼Ŵ
һθ¥ɱ޼֮
޼λ¥¥ųϡּϱɱ¥¥𶯣Ǳ޳ĪѾ˵룬±ˡ
ҲˣǧҶ棬ΪⰵǱҶı䣬Ҫ̫ҡ
ҶҲϽˣǧ۵ĻȻýȥѾһҶȻҪ
ǿ߳ûԭ۲ôЩ壬ۿҲƾɡ
⵱еԭҶ֪ġ
۳ûģΪսΪǿߣЩ֮УôһЩӶ˲ƻ֮ˣ۳ĻҴʧϡ
˵֪ЩΪǿģһʬ𼣣޿ɲ顣
Ծû˻ˣ߽֮ء

ԴЩĺУҶɳıϣʵĺͶ϶ĴҶĶ䡣
ҶҲû⡣
һϸʵĺУȻŮӵĿ
ٴηٸ߿ϸҶŷ۹Ȼ鴫
Զĺ̲ҵĽʯ֮ϣǰǰվŶʮλͲһŮӣеѾǰ׷еֵ䣬ңźһߴ
׷ˮѾ޸ɣ˵վѾһϰߣǺеĿλŮ
һĻҶ浹һ
飬ԣۼͷǳˡ
־ᶨģ¿һĻͻùģ
ȻҶļˣһĻҲмֶҡ

λүҪһ·һεͨţҪֻλӣҪϽˡ
յĸۿûãһΪڻ꺣һͻıɹú͵ĺǰӴҶȴһ
ͨţǰͨĺҶʵ
үһмдеĸˣǺ߳ҶһĴָ
ͨţÿһ¿һǰͨ˴Щ֮⣬ֻʮλүɸϽˡ
Ϊеͨүǰĵһվ˺ܶడүɵץˣ˵
ޣûǰͨĺͼҶʵ
ԣϸһ˿Цͼ⣬ôˣǳʲô
Ҷ汾򱾺ͼǧ۸ĺͼӡ֤һ£ҶԼӰ纣˺ͼԼ·
һ£Ҷʵ˵ͨ϶ʮһСϲɳ·ܷͣ
ԣǺߵϵЦζŨүһǰͨĺͼԲſСĻ
СҲүźͼѾʱˣǸƲɳСʮǰͱһλһƸĻˣѾһֲޱȵĴڣ
⻰Ҷͳ׵ûƢˡ
Ȼʮʱ䣬׺ɣģ仯̫ˣǧ۸ĺͼȻѾˡ
һˣҶͲɵÿߡ
Ҷһһޱȵĺ˼λӣСϴ⡣
Сֻ֪һƬĴı仯ͼѹ֪ģСģѻҲõģ
ߵ仰ŪҶЦãôɵѻꣿ
⣬Ҳ˵׼ΪⱾС˵ĺã˵
ðɣͨŵλӣҶһ龧·߶죿Ҷʵ
ȥͨ·һҪʮʮ첻ȣڹϴҪ龧ǸǵĹµ̸ɣСĲ֪˵
㲻֪۸񣿡ҶЩɻ
ү֣ͬˣ۸ǲͬģȥǵĹ±֪
أðɣ·Ҷ˵
үǹںߵĴϣ룡
˵ĺߵĴ󴬣ʵƮڽ뺣Լʮ
һ·ɹȥոշεĺϿûãҶ涸һͣþޱȡ
Ѫ
⺣ûãڳѾõĺĵ


935 
Ҷڵĵڶںع֮ȻҶΪͻˣһֱһһ㡣
ںعڵõ似ʽڼʱһǽһ㣬ЧСҶҲͷˡ
ôȥˣҶַԹˣĵģɫʱɫ̼
һãǱһ㣬κζҶˡ
ǽ죬Ҷ⺣ϿգǱһĺȻ˶ڲĺɫ⻪һ䶯Ǳѩڻһ㣬ʼڡ
βҶ𾪣
һֱ޶·ĺ֮ϣȻˣ
ָоҶǰϰʽʱҲУǣʱٶȣ֮ʮǼʮҶ
ڣҶȴеĸӦ˺ϣ
ǣںʼ仺Ľ֮ʣһ״ĸоҲظҶͷ
ָоǳĹ죬Ҷ޷ݣͷ·ԶʲôںҶһ㡣
ҶѰңַоȴǳƮ졣
һУҶ澪쳣ΨһҶܹȷģڶ·ȷȷʵʵˮ
Ҷѡ鸮ˮҶ泹׵ķ
ֻǣҶЩףǰڴ󽭴ӺΪʲôû۸оΪʲô˴֮ϣ䣿
үǣ
Ҷ涸ͣЩɻ
ûʲô·ɣ


ʲôϵֻҪʮƷ龧ϣΪÿһأͨĴʾƷ龧顣
ô˵Ҫǳ˴ͨô֧ĴʾҪߴʮƷ龧ϴı֮ҶһĳԾ
ϴһصߣɢżϢϣȴЦеġ
λôƺϴ󲻼Żش𣬷Ҷ档
֣֣ƣ
Ҷǰļһ֣ţҶڵܡ
ΪֹҶйüλ֪¡ܡ¡ͫЩ˵УҶǷģˡ
֣ţͻȻ䣬Ҷһ뷨˼ˣһҪ뷨תһˡ
ԭ֣ӵ棬պΣ֣ӳƺϺαǡϷ򿴵û֣۷ΪûɣϺʵ
ԣҶ˵ͷ
֣֪ǰͨгУΣأһ·ϣΣ
Σ֮󣬶Ҫг˿͹ͬӦԡ
£һʮλ˿ֻͣһλߣģǿ߲Ӵ
ԣ˿͵Ϊغдİȫ£ΪԽ͵ĳ˿ͣĴԽߡ
ңǵĸУеĿߣӦһƷԣǿ߻ߣߣԭۣ޹ԵӼʮƷ龧
ԣҶɫٴһ䡣
ϺȴǵȻһЦ֣ӣۣͨԸ⣬ܿԳͨţΣʱ̣ǵĵǲǲܣͨţҲȱ˿ͣ
仰˼ײҶɫɵ䡣
Ҷֻڳʾ֮ͷӦԹԵʮƷ龧
һҶ治ȱ龧Ҷ治¶ˡ
ҶսǿչʾĻص߶Ƕ֣ǣ£Ҷڳ׵ı¶ˡ
ңԷһͬ⡣
ɸɴĸǮˡ
ã֣ˬ죬֣ͨţһλʹˣʱ֣ӷѶ֣⡣
ղŻƲ˵λ𣿡ԣҶЩԾ
Ǻǣ֣ӣǰ߲࣬Ҳ٣ÿֻʮλãҲֵġ
֣ҸطϢһģǳϢΪߴ￪صϺ˵

죡
Ҷ۴˰죬յϺη׼ķѶ
ҶĹ򣬶ڽĺ϶ɹһֱڸӦоźʼİ
ҶյѶٴεִ󴬵ʱ򣬶û뿪벽
Ҷ治֪ǣҶ̤㺣棬ҳ˰֮ãĳλһֱĳǱ޵ߣͻ۾
ˣʱˣ̤ˣϷ뱲ӵźڿܲȫˣ

λһ߳Ϣģ˸һ£ŸӰ͹ǰ
Ϸ֮УѾ֣ңѾ̤ȥ˾Ŵʮʹ̷ͷ飬򱱷򼯽ᣡ
ǣµȽ
УͻأֵľŵӰƾʧ
ŵӰʧɲǣλϵλųߣҲˣˣǴУҲվи˽ˡ
УλΪĴڣƾʧ


936 
λΣأ̽İȫĺϣҲƵǨ㡢öԭȫĺ߱Σأ
ԣλ֮ǰϷҪٴλȷһΣһΣգҪϷָӣӦΣ
λܴӦһ㣬ôǸͨϲӭλ
ٵǰͨŵĴϴ󡢿صϺΣٴΪصһ㡣
ңһΣϺҪ˵˵һһڳŵȷϣ÷ׯء
ʣ˴ε۵ʮߣֻҪɵӣͻŵ
С֮󣬹ִϺβһһȷϡ
棬λεͨţ˵䣬Ϻָ⻪һһΪӴĿ纣󣬾ʹϺεĴָںϣøߵͷ
ͨſ纣
ͨſ纣θҶӰ纣еƣβҲ棬ȥǳķҲ·
ҶλʦĿͨŵʣӰ纣Ҫһ㣬ַȴҪҶΪƹӰ纣ǿܶࡣ
ɴ˿ɼиˣ
ͨŸԼףףжʮףСӰ纣ȴӰ纣
ɴ˿жϳͨŸעصӰ纣ȴעطǴӲϱԡ
Ҳǣͨһʮˣÿ˵ĳ۸ӶʮƷ龧ʮƷ龧ȡмֵʮƷ龧ʮˣһ˾ŽƷ龧ջ
۳ɱǱеı˭뷨
зһΪͨŵĿ纣ն¶ߵڲա
λգ˲βͲ׵λ֮⣬λϺεʮλ˿νͨš
ͨڲҶŷĿռΪС
λÿλÿλСֻߣǰһߣϥ֮ǰߵľֻһߡ
Ķ̵ľ룬һ·ֻϥţҲǿȾˣһʮ죬δȷˡ
Щص㣬صǶĹ۲촰
纣һʼУȫյģ߶߿ͨڿ纣ܱߵоʱ̼Ӹо纣ܱ׵ˮ仯
ֻǲߵķʽˣǳ˿ͣͱȽϷϾˣܱշ·һĴգǳѹ֣ˣ˶ꡣ
ңӦҲܵģڣӦĶ۲촰Ӧ˶
纣۲촰ĲҪǳߣҪܹͨǿȻҪǳߣҪһ͸ȡ
⼸ҪĲϣкü֣˵ıҲۿģһ˾ҪһǧƷ龧
ƴСôһ͸ߴＸٿˡ
ҶӰ纣֮ϣƴСĹ۲촰ǽǧ۵ʦܼҡ
£纣ϵĹ۲촰ֻͭǮСɢ߽۾ȥͿԿ纣¼ʮ׷Χ
ͨϵĹ۲촰ͭǮСңӦΪ˽ԼɱͨŵĹ۲촰ֻĸÿ
ⶫڿݼŵ;ԣǺö
ǣй۲촰λҲͳֻ
Ϻԣδͨŵʮ֮УֻҶһߣģȫǿߡ
ЩߵΪҲߣһǿصߣ˵Ϊڿص֮䡣
ңʮһλߣ˶Ӧǳǰһ˶ǵһνӴ纣
ոսѹͲ֪۲촰ĺô
ҶڵλģҶǣʱй۲촰λȻ
ûҶȻһƨˡ
ȻҶ֪۲촰ڿ纣ʹù۲촰⻹ǵһΣԣҶҲΪ档
ո£ͽ۾ȥͭǮСĹ۲촰ܹ۲쵽Ұж
۾ոմȥҶͳһ
ǰʮ׷ԲĿռ䣬ܹܹͨŵĴϺ뼸߽ӴָӦǴ˵Ļһġ
֮棬ɴ˿ɼһߡ
ҶȥȻλڹ۲촰ߵĺ棬һγν纣󣬳ʹù۲촰Ŀߣ۾ȥһ˲ͻϲľ
죬۲촰Ȼܹʮ׷ԲĲռ䣬ܿף±һʮĹ㣬Ѿʼ׶ˣӦǱ纣ɢѹˡ
һҪһȴڳߣֻͭǮСĹ۲촰á
Ϊܹﵽߵģûһ
ʱǼλ֪۲촰õĿߣ׹ΪҪǣ;İ˾۽֮أֲҳ׵ޡ
һ·ΣƵø۾߹һ·£۲촰ҪԿ֪
ʱкüλߵ˼ͻ
ߵ۲촰λãλصߺһλˣұߵҶǰߵǸ۲촰λãҲһλصˡ
һʱ䣬üλߵĿ⣬ҶΪֻ۷ϿʼתȦ
˻˼ʱҶһӿصߣʹҶļ򣬡ֵܣλ͸ϸһ
ҪһλҶ滻Ҳͻˣ纣ڳʮķọ́ҶǳûаȫС
۲촰Ҷ˽⵽ԼĿǰ״̬ϷλõΨһߣԣҶǲó
ǸҶϧ
ԣһ㣬Ͼ͸һ˿֮ɫСӣ㲻ҪƲԳԷƣҪǻˡ
ӻû˵꣬ϺξԾ˴գϺͨŽʮֻ꣬һۣ֮״
£ܣҲԸܡ
Ϻֻǿһۣ;Լλʼע龧
Ϻλص߲ܣ󶨣ڱҶЦСӣȰ㻹ʶ㣬ϽλóҪȻҶÿ
ʱ˵Ŀ⣬еҶӵִ֮ϡˣĮĿһۣûκηӦ
мλߣҶһģҡͷ
ǿǿΪ𣬼Ȼ߿ˣôҶߣӦòŶԡ
ãǳԿͷҲǺ顣
ԣҶֻƳһӣûκζ
Ҷӣӳ׵ŭˡ
ߣЩˣǷᣡ
ŭ߳һָţץҶĺҪ
֮ץҶһССߵĺҪ˳µ飬ֻҪץסҶĺҪôǰСӣԲˣӵ뷨
СҪԿͷඣпһĻĿߣ˲뷨
Ҳͷ뷨ʱ򣬲ҽ


937 Σ
ҽɲǣͨſ纣еĿͫΪ֮һ龧龧ĴϺΣҲͣһɲǡ
ԭܼ򵥣ΪһҽΪߴ￪صӷġ
ûӵǴҶĺҪɾڴ֮ǰҶĺ󾱴͵ðһɫĻ档
ɫĵ
һðʱֱۣҶ󾱵ǰһɲðˡ
ǡõģӵ־һ֮ϡ
ɵǣǴ⣬ţѹûд߶ףһֻƣ˵
𰡣ƷĻ氡ֱӽڵ߷ճɻҵĻ档
ɲǼ䣬ھͲһɿⱻսĶζ
ӲҽţܵĿ˦֣ڵϷյĳɫ
ˣһϢʱűϨ
ʱ֮£Ѿյ¶ָǡ
˵ǣȽӴĴĴָʳֱָӱճ˰׹ն˽磬ӿӿסֱ׹ڵأһѹǷۣ
һĻڳĿ߿ɵۡ
ոϳɫӣŵѳɹǷ۵ָҶĿüԹ
Сӣôĳһ֣Ҫ֫壬ҪɺϷ򷽲ųʱ֣
˵ţƿʼǣ⾪˵ɱ͸ֱҶ档
⻪һһɵɡһĻ׸ҶҶµλʱ˻ҽ
ĳ㵹Ƕȸ״㲻ңôܹ˵㣡ˣҼ޳ܵĿߡ
ǿɣʺӣһ㵣ûУ
ҶӵĶһۣЦڣҾʹˣҾͲ֫ˣôţ㻯Ҷӵ£
㡭
ҶһֱͨӵһǳɫҪô࿪ҵڣû뵽Ҷ淴ˡ
Сӣģ
һɲǣǣ֡
ҲһɲǣһޱȵȵĿֲϢ·ƥһֶҶϡ
Ҷ滹ãӵĿߣֱӱֲϢѹôһģϢɢ
ôţϷͨŰ
ͨŵļֵһƷ龧붯֣ȿԼûңϺεѹͬʱ١
Ҷû˵ȴЦδôأֻСӡ
һָҶ棬жȸ״˼
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ҲڻûпҪǿˣǸ֣ϷԽӽ֮ιޣ
ϺεǿƣӱһڨڨҶ鲻䣬ףϺαġ
ѡһǶֵ˫ھ͸Ϸ´ȥһѡ⳥ϷͨŵʧϺ˵
ԣһϲָָҶٻٵλδҲûκʧеʧСӡ
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Щλûй۲촰Ŀǣ۲ѡ
ӵûκ˸ҴҶˣҴϺεĽһ·ϵҲƽ
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ԣҶҲżʱںƮţǡ
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ڴУй۲촰¼ͼҲѹܡ
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Ҷ潫۾׼۲촰Ĺ۲ߵ龰ҵΣյԴ
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ڶɲǣͨŶնػһϺξˤȷɳͨš
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ͬʱһʹӲն˳˲ǱˣǴǰΪΣнޱȵҶ档
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գգǧףϺٴοѾŸ߿ճȥͬʱڲβλѺյĿߣһɳͨŵġ
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ǸӦϢɲǣҶ಻Ŀһ£һα벽䢴ӱʱǿʮľףظҶͷ
һɲǼ䣬Ҷ˾ϣ
ͬʱҶ涯ˣ
Ҳͬһɲǣ֮Ͽգһλһֻ˫һ㼲еź۵ߣһжر˲˼Ĺ⻪
ˣ
ȻҵĴڣôܣ


941 ʧЧĺ
ҶԶɲǣڳλʹĿͬʱһޱȵĶҶ档
絽λʹĶҶһۣͺʵʲô
֮ķӦҪҶ淽ŵһȲ󣬾˼ˡ
ЦĿǰڳλʹ֮УǿΪǿΪǿǰҶûԣǸûʲô
ο˱ֳӰʱָӺδ˹Ҷ棬Ҳûпܡ
ԣȻҶ˾ҲòСĴ¡
ޣȥҸطһ£Ҷ˵
ԣλʹüͷһ壬Ȼ̫Ͽ˵
Ϊ̶ȣÿһֵĿȻ˵ĳ̶ȣǿȴͨ˵
ûκģڸй̫ܣอǿֻ˶һЩõĶҩŻḹй
мڴˣʹĻ֣ţ𶯣
ҶȴٴһȻﲻסˣô죿
Ҷ˲һΪ۷ߣεĸ죬ʹﲻɵôŭһ͵Ҷǰ
ﲻסҲøұţδ֮ǰ˭˴ʹ֮ô˵Ҫ⺣Ұ̫ˣҪҸĵطǵ߳Զ
Űʹһŭλʹ˵Ŀ⣬еҶϣλʹһĽ䱸֮ɫ
ʹһ𣬷·Ҷŵһ㣬һεͷðɣұͱţ
ҶλʹͬʱһᣬĿʹҶŲ
ˣ⣬ŵã鷳ҶǰİʹҲݺݵĶҶһۣתתУǾ֮⣡
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봹˫͵һ˸ɫⶸش˫͸ֱ˰ʹ
̫ˣҲʮ׵ľ룬ǱҶ档
ʹƺ߶ûзһһľͷ׮һֱ亣档
Űʹǰֳֵεĺ죬طһֱӷһλʹֳֵĺ졣
ֹΣҶΪ֮һ
һĻֱӽʮһλ˿͡δˣֱɵۡ
Ȼ۰Ծ⺣˰ʹֱ֣ӻɱǻ
ֱʹ䣬ĴʹһŵĿ⿴Ҷ棬ŭ

쵰ɱֵܣ
ǸŭͬʱҶ˫ָͬʱһ꣬öɫĶ꣬ʹָХ
ҶȻоȥİʹͻǿΪ֮ôҶɱУǾĲ߻ģһһǷӦ
ǸӦöɢŵľ˵겨λİʹͬŭȣµĹ⻪һɲǼͳҵ£仹⻪˸
ͬһɲǣʹǮͨһλʹͬʱӲ湥Ҷ档
䣡
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Ҷ澪ǣλʹڵַɵǿǰȻûˡ
˲Ϣ䱻ɢֻ뷢٣ѪϢƽȣû̫صˡ
Ҫ֪Ҷܹ꣬벽ѪģһǶԸصߣӦ㹻ˡ
һɲǣҶͷԵʣ

λϣһƷףʽȥ࣬ʽġ
֣ҶԾޱȡ
ÿһλʹӵһʽƷףʮλʹӵʮƷף
Ʒװ
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״Ϻξ΢΢һϢΪ𾪣㷣˵ǣλʹܵ˺
λʹͨţɾͱ뿪ȥˡ
ôһɲǣϺεͫ׾һ
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𣡡
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λʹֹľȻһͷޣȴǲЦˡ
¶һ˿ЦһҲڱʹǰ
ЦУλʹеĺ͵ǰһӣɫ⻪֮ʣһԼԼӺɫ⻪֮д
ѹ
ֳֺʮʹ޼ɵݺĺԭ
ǣλʹϸ߸ϵЦôһɲǣʹ˴ͣ
ںڵУСè·ûַ·ѹûӰһ㣬һ׷Բľצ·ɡһλʹϡ
һλʹаǮͨڵλʹ۾ͬʱ˸ԲУд˲˼飡


942 
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Сèľצ£λʹԴһ˲飡
Ļڷŵ飬δԭƷ׷ȻǿȴԴ棡

λʹһɲзŭûףð顢ޱ׵ĺ죬ؼʱ̣ΪʲôͲأ
ôʧЧأ
ҲǮͨλʹޱȵԭ
ƽЩʹݺ˵ƷޣƷˣǰҲɢӣƨ
ɽ쵽Ȼʧˣ
һĻǮͨ۾رͨޱȣǰɳĺɫ޶ر󣬻һɫҶ棡
ֹǮͨһλûܵϮİʹҲǼ˵ɫޣҶ棡
Ҷͫ˼£
Ʒ
λʹһ־ԵƷ˵ʵٴҶޱȣ
ɿߴ߶ƷҶ治κεӣһСģܾͻ᳹׵ҶС
һҶѾֲѾҶĿӳϢʱĴ񴸣һɫĹ⻪һɫޣ
ͬһʱ̣Ҷηˣ˫ĿĶſǼɫޣָһ꣬һöһ궸طɳӭ˹ȥ
Ҷʱ̫ˣһ궼Щִ٣
飡
ɫ͵رɫĺɫӰشɫ⣬ݺݵĺҶؿڡ
ɵɵ˲飬ǺɫĺɫӰٴСһϡ
ҶؿڵƷڲ˿֮ϣʱ
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ͬһʱ䣬ҶĴǮͨĺɫ͵طֿǮͨٴֳ˼֮ɫ
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ƽʱѹǿɲܵ飡
ʵǮͨûƽʱȷʵǲܵ飬ǣڴ񴸳֮ǰҶѾƿ˷о۽ӳֵ˴֮ϡ
Ҫһ֮£ҶƷ񴸾ͻᱻش
ʵϧҶ棬ļƻɱһˣȻöشˣСèƶϣܸɵˡ
ȻعͷСèͿɸɵˣ
ǣЩ˵װ侫Ҷһʧ㡣
СèڱһλʹסҶһսһλءһλصǿߣ˲Σ֣
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֣ǰҺ뷨СӣСһ⣡ŪãҪ֮ˣ
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ףԪˮף֣û뵽㾹ȻˣɫţʹǮͨҲǳһ
Ҷ鶸رޱȵأҶоУԪˮ׹ȻҶĶࡣ
갡
ҪǺУֱӺɱߵɱаҪǺҶϣţܹҶʣ
ҪǣǮͨĺһ͵ˮɫӡѾͬʱ
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깥ޱȣհʹĺԪˮ׻δҶͺ
ⷽһŵ⣬հʹ˷űһɱпֹʢ
ǣʱ̫̣̫̣ݲκηӦո겨ɲǣͺţ
Ԫˮǵͬһʱͱ֮ûƣһɢһ⻪ʧ˺档
ڴͬʱɽ
ȴҶո׳ȥֵǮͨĹΪȡʱֻͨۻܱ˵
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Ǯͨĺ޺еֻͨۻں޵ĲĲ£ɽתǰͱһѰ׹ǡ
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һֻͨۻǮͨĹ£Ѵݣֱӱ࣬һͬٵģпˣ
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⣬ҶĿǰԿʱΨһơ
ҶһϢ֮ɱհʹǮͨ¶ͬ˹һĿ⣬һֻͨۻҲ˲ʰˣɿĺˡ
˵ͬʱ˰ƥʵʵɫ͸Ĳһһ
Ҷȴ¶һ˿Ц
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ϧǣ񣬾Ȼʲôû
ֶԾУûʲô
һɲǣҶٴκǮĶͷ
ǮͨοɫһɲǼûҰޱȣͬʱѪǣΪɢһͣͻָ
Ҷһ
һҶ泹׵Ĺ
Ҷֱɱغµߣǿؼϵߣֻشˣңŵ˵ΪԽԽߣĹԽԽͣ
ֽҶһ⣬ǮͨȻδҲ¶
Ҷûжֻ֣ͨۻܵ˫۶ر䳤ô˻ƸסǮͨһ塣
꣡
ֱһ˺룡
ǮͨĲҽȻֹһе໹ţǮͨѾɳ
ûӶݣͱҶֱսӽ˴ָ֮С
ͬһɲǣǰ۽Ǯͨǰ죬ٴηһ˽λСèĿصİʹ
ʵʵλصİʹƾϵƷȫԸɵСè
ȱҶĶˣսУͬŵĲһһ֣Ѿս
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׹һһĺλʹǰ
Ҷδʹõľס
ڿص߶ԣ׵Ѿˣʱ̣ȴ㹻ˡ
λʹϢСèľצͨۻܵȭͬʱϣ
һɲǣҶμ˫־һԶĺ죡
һĸоʱҶͷ


943 ֮
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ˡ졢ʹҶоǹɼңԶĿֲϢһеĸԴӦǺعڵԺ۵ĴС
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ʮʹ֮УҶֻնɱλҲ˵ʮλΪڿصİʹλΪڿҵĸ󺣵Ѱ
ò˶ãͻ󺣵ѲҶ档
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ôܹͬʱʮʹˣ֮Уֻһˡ
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ַλдʱģҶţﵽһ̶ȵʱ򣬷λԽԽ׼
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һ·˺׵ޣǳȺ׺ޣӰ纣ٶ׵ǰҲ׷׻⣡
һͷƷͳǧ׵ĺޣڻûзӦ֮ǰͱӰ纣Ӹƿһ󶴣ֱӴ
ʱһϢһϢȥɫڡ֮ʣҶѾ߶Ӱ纣ʮϣԶ˳µƬ
ŸӦú뺣棬ҶͻȻһʱˡ
һɣӰ纣ͻȻͣ˲Ϣͳ˺ʮ뺣ˮɫһģһ
ͬһʱ̣ҶСèӿ纣εͬʱǰҶܵ죬ٴγҶУ
ҶҪڶʱһĸı䣬ҪȻӦλǿҶӲ˶Զģ
ΪֻҪλƬ򣬾ͿԸ׼ȷĸӦҶķλʱҶɣ
Ŀǰ죬˵Ҷһ㾪ϲ


944 ɿ
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Ҷһɲǣھٴӿһɹʼĳȡ̺ĺϢ
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ˣҶѾȫȷĴڣͬһĴС
ҪȻܹ⣡
ˣҶҲĺһֱǱһ㣬޷õԭˡ

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ҶΪʲô֮УҲһּ仺ٶȽ⣬ҶҲһŵĲ²⡣
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Ҷ֮ȱֱԴϢĺͻԷʼһ仺Ľ̡
ǣֱԴʱͬʱҲԼϢɢ˳ȥǣ֮
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Ҷ淢֣ȫעź֮еʱǸǰӦļңԶĿֲϢڵķλͻȷ֡
Զ
ֱ߾뻹ڰ˰⣡
ڸٵҶڵķӽ
Ҷƣȫ߶ʱҶڷλĸӦҲӵ
ں֮ɵĿȴҶ潫ˮ֮Դ֮ųϣ
ͬʱҶǵٽӽϢĸӦҲ˼£
ҶȫעʱĸӦϢڵķλǾ룬ǵҶź֮ܵʱ
ǵϢĸӦѾûУ
ֻͷһ˿ΣУκηӦ
仯Ҷƣλ׷شڣѹס֮ʱ򣬶ҶĸӦӦû󽵵͡
Ǿ彵̶ֳȣҶ޷Ʋˡ
еҶԿ϶ҶĸӦ϶ҶĸӦҪǿǿĲһ㣡
ҶֻϣѹסʱλķλӦҪ̫
Ҷããϣһ
Ҷ濪ʼѹƺʱңԶĺϣǰλ˫ԡź۷ߣ͵һͣ˫ж˺˵⣡
ôܿʼƿغˣϷҲ
˵ţԿ;ЦûõİϷ֮УϷֻܸӦĴŷλϷԽԽӣ
߶䣬һɫԿУӵɲǣԿ͵ͱñŰλʹȻܲһصߣһȺ


945 ͼϢ
֮Ҷ׼ǰͨ
Ҷ˼ǰ󣬾󺣵׷ɱ츳ѪֱҶ滹ǲܾʹ˷
ѵð
ԣҶĿ꣬ˮl֮ڡ
ǰˮlͱǰͨ뷨㵽ǰˮlĺͼǱġ
Ҷ˵ĺ϶Ѷʺδһ˵ȣڵ֪ҶĿ֮ͨ󣬿϶ͨصע
Ҷǰʱ΢ĸıòҶ֮ıò
Ȼ˵ߣ϶ûô϶رΪصߣǣҶԣҲ⡣
зµķҶɵĽΪǶء
ԣҶãȱ˵ͨ޵ҶҲԽǺŪȥȫ治̫ġ
ǰͨĺͼҶнǧ۸İʮǰѾʱĺͼ·ƾ֮أǣͨλãȴ䡣
ϴǰλδҶĸ֮أҶţ໥ӡ֤֮£ܸǿӰ纣ӦÿԸϵͨ
ǣЩ飬ܼ򵥡ףֵԼʱ򣬾ͻ÷ǳѡ
ǰҶúδʻͨŷǳףûʲôѶȡ
ʵϣӰ纣ʻҲûκѶȣǣ
ãã֮ϣһСģͻʧ˷
ڿֱ̫淽Ƶʱ򣬻ԣһ죬ֻ˵˱꣬Ҷͳ׵ʧˣûʲô
ںˮУӰ纣ֹҲᱻаԶԣû죬Ҷ뺣ߣͳ׵ʧ˷кͼͨĸ򶼸㲻ˣ
֮ǰҶû뵽ֹ
ҶҲɱ֮ˣȻʧ˷򣬸ɴ׼һһ·С
ȻҶѡҲǺнġ
ͷƵΣеǿѡĸͷƵΣлм߲ӣҶǰ
һǰҶɳСèڸ߿յƲѰҿŵĵص㣬ҵǣһü죬Ҷ涼ûпѲİʹ
һ¶ںϻεһ¶ֽŵ״̬ҶýǺͱ

𣡡
ҶԼʻӰ纣ڴƮĵ죬ƲеСèطһ˷ܵĺ
˼ҶףǷ½ˣ
Ҷǳ˷ܣ
ԥģҶͼӰ纣˹ȥ
ûںƯˣǲ׿½صϲġ
ʱ򣬲ǰǵɽ𺣣ҶǶҪ̤ȥһˡ
ǴСè˫еĴľСˣҲ١
ȻҶҲçײ֮ˣе׼Ҫеġ
罫Сèջػıòݻ£÷ԼΪϢ
ԶģҶͼʻӰ纣з𣬷ɵеʱ򣬾Ӱ纣ֱշȥǹĺ
Ҷڸ߿յ£Կǧ֮⣬ȻС
ǰҶһȥ۳߼ʣԶԶȥдеģȥǳƯ
Ҷ澪ȵǣոսӽʮķΧһŨ
⺣ϵԪȻΪŨ񣬸żʮķΧŽӽƷڵԪŨˡ
ô̤㺣֮ϱߵԪжôŨ
ûҶӽĵӰʹӺ֮ϳӭҶ档
Ҷ΢΢һͣͷ
ĵӰɢϢǿĴͷλҲǿصΪˣȴȫ֮ߡ
ߺˣ˴ǹ˲룡
һ仰ͱǰ˵ݣӦĵֵء
ֵֻпصΪҶҲͷˡ
Ҷ棬ں·뵺ϢҶ湰ֵ
ͷĿصصĴҶһȷҶֻصΪ֮󣬲һԺε
ͨҶ˼һ˵
ͨǿԶˣ·֮ȻƮǲȻѣ뵺Ҫλ˵
뽲
һƷ龧ϵѣڵÿͣһ죬һǧƷ龧һȽʮ죬⣬ڵͣףǹ
һۼһƷ龧нףҪȡһɵ˰ѣ⣬Ԥͣʱ֮ҪϸǸ֮н֯סã򣬱鷢ֵģɣ
û⣡
ҶӦĺˬ죡
һ֮ҶڻƷ龧õһԲεңǵĹأԲεĿſϵߡ
ҶֵܣȫĵͼҪҪÿֻҪƷ龧ޣǳ꾡ȫͼҶ뿪ǸΪŵĿصٴλסҶ档
ȫͼҲãһݣ
ҶˬĴӦˣŸæóһݵͼݸҶ棬ǣҶȴûκҪӵ˼
Ҷֵܣǣüͷ΢΢һ塣
ǰ֪ܹŪĺͼ٣·ˣܵ뷨ȥҶЦ
ͼۣŵһͼΥƷϽ˽½׵ģ֪кͼ
һ⻰ҶתͷߣȫͼҪˡ
ЦҶں۹֮ڣǶʱڣвðе
ЩˣΪ棬ʲôԳοϵһֽ
£ҶҪߣ⿪߲ȼˣһȶҶȥ·ȫͼҪҪˣ
ҪȻҪǰǰܹŪĺͼҶЦ
ټ飬ʮƷ龧һ㣡˵
٣ǰ˵ЦͨһȫͼҲһǧƷ龧ֵ飡
ȻǰԸ⣬ϵңܻģ˵ţҶתߡ
ȻҶ沢Ϲ˵ĵ۹ȫͼֵǮֵͼֵǮڿ߼£Գ֮Ϊġ
ЩΪǿߣֻҪһʱ䣬תһȦͿ¼һݵͼ
վţ
һϺȣж¶һ˿׹⡣
Ҷһ£¶һļµɱ
ɱȴΪ֮һ
ˣƲƺãһ鲻ֵǮϢ׬Ʒ龧ҲǹˣСӣҲƲ簡ʲôءǽѴȥҲ鷳
˼һһľûº֣
ðɣš
ǰûȷһ򵥵ԣҪ֤Է飡ôãҶѾǳĲˡ
ĶҶһۣڷһԣͽӸҶ棬֮У鷻ڣÿһεĺģ
лǰ
׳Ʒ龧һ֣Ҷﳤȥ


946 
Ҷ̤Ԫķҷ֮
ԪĳԣȻƷڵԪŨȣƷ뼫ƷڵԪŨȡ
ֲãЩΪǿ߶ϲƾŨԪҲֵˡ
⻹ǹıԵشҪǽĵ֮ԪŨ̶ȣڼƷԪŨȻҪǿ
һҶͷڵŵ㣬ͬҲȱ㡣
Եʮ֮һƬȫΪĺۼ
ҹԵʮ֮⣬ٷҲ˼
ϵĵӵ״йϵ
ĵȻȻԴ棬ԪŨ񣬵ǸҲǲ
Ǽҳ㷹ϴȻĶˣ֣Ǹ޳֣
еķȺ壬ʱһӶ֮ɰ
ֲе޳ÿһʱ䣬ãǳ䣬ͻгȺĺڱгƳϺһܶɱһա
ַ֮£ֵطҲ˺üǣüרŹ޳Ĵǡ
ȫͼԼʮƬ﷽Բ֮ΨһĴ󵺡
СǶʮ޳һ
Ψһľ޳ǣǹˣλڹڵߵɽ֮ϣһش޳ǽķߣ
ͬʱҲǹǻ۵ġ
ԪŨͨһޱȣܣܿЩ츳ѪĶͯһֱܹӿ龳˵ء
ֲϣѣͳء
ˣҲΪǿ߾ۼ֮أǿԷߵľɢء
ȻȻģôҶĿĵĹˡ
Ҷϵĵطֻвʮľ룬ҲǰĹ
ĹҶ濴Ŀߣͳ˶ʮˣɼʵ
ʱ֮Ҷȫ֮£ǺصĳǽУҶͷһϲ
ҲһɲǣҶͷ׺֣͵ͣ
һֻˮɵĴӡ߿գֱ˲ԶһϣʱƳƬ
ףȻܹܹҵ͵ϮСӿе㱾£Ǽһû˵̾ϧУһ¶ɢſϢߣҶͷ
һš֣Ҷһ䣬Ͼô¡
Ȼǲûе֣ɱϾûзŹתۼ䣬ͽҶϢ˱ˡ
Сӣĳʯרޱ⣬ʯĳеļһûһǧҲа˰ˡ
ĳϲһߣԣԹԵĽĴָţΪڵ϶ĳҿԸ㿪õ龧
˵ţʯһߣеѹǵصҶѹ
һɲǣʯˡ
£˵ǶԸصߣǶԸǿһصߣֻҪôһţɫ԰ף嶶ɸԹԵĽָѹΡ
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ǣʯѹ˵ߣԿһصߣҲǷ簡
ܵģʯͷ͵һһֲõԤУ
ͬһɲǣһֱʯĻ꺣
ߣһߣҽҲһһʯֻһʹԴʱһʹ϶ʼ鴤˵ǿƵˡ
һɲǣʯֻһ뷨ˣ
ʯĻ꺣оʹɢȥ»ָ˶Ŀ֮󣬾ͳ׵ɵˡ
ѾǰΪֻص꣬Сһ
ѡһǷſ꣬ҵūҰ֮Ҹ㹻ɣ
ڶҸƧطѻ£
ҶʯУһֱĺ䣬˽ɱ߻۵ľ飬ǳ˱˵úɣֻμ仰
ȴԲĴ˵
˲Ϣ䣬ʯ콫Ӹˡ
Ҳ̫ˣ̴̵ĳҶǰ׷Χ֮ڣҪԷֻصΪһָͷĴڣѹû⡣
£Ҷⶼûжãֱɫһ̣ʯܴʯ
ȻҪǣҶֵʱ򣬾ѾʯһС˼
ҪȻʯǿصߣȻʮҲҶɱ
ҶĿǰʵһĿߣ治壡
ʯˣʧ÷ǳ
ԣʱ֮λڹ˳ƽ·ߵʯһĹԹԵĸҶ
ʯ﷢ǣҶ귨ţҲֿԿΪвˡ
û뵽ҶƵĿȴǾޱȣΪҪЮҲĥ꣬Ծͷ
ϵˣϵˣ֪Ϸ˾ңҲūⷨţū
ߣҵūҲ컯ΪЧҴ˼ˣٲĺôɣҶȵ
֮ƣֻˣֲǻһ˫ʲôĹۣȻϵʵʯ̾Ϣ
š֣Ҷѹ˻תǵǲ鷳ĳ嶯
Ǽһʵ̫̰ˣĴ׬˰Ʒ龧˵֪ǰ·ʵ̫ɶˣ
ҪҶ治¶ˣתȥǲš
ҲͬʱԶڼ֮ѲصĲţ͵һľɵӣɢ˳
˵˵׼ȷİյҵ٣Ȼв֪ͨϢǰ·ߺ⣬ôµҵģҶʵ
ԣʯǵĿһҶǰĹţ㵱氡ֻҪͨķţʱҵλã
˵ʯһҲĴ󣬸ոձҶƱūϲЦտˣ˼ЦҶˣҲһ⡣
ֽţˣ
𣡡
ϣҪѲ߶ӷֵĻǿɾ鷳ˣֽţɲģǹĹء

һһţûã͵˹ǳУڽɣԣҶʯֻܲн롣
ոյſڵʱ򣬾Ϳһߴһӣȵصߣߣʣ
ˣҷʲôҵס
ûκεĽͣص߾ͽص߸ˣҶͫһ
ǵģһ㣬ߺһһصߣָҶ棬Ҷ鵭Ȼ˹ȥ
һɲǣߵĻҶΪ֮һ䡣
ֻصΪȫ߶ǿʵΪ


947 ޶
ֻصΪȫ߶ǿʵΪλصĹһ档
Ҷ氵Ծģ˵Ȼô󣬲øʼ̲صߣҲ棡
ʣʱǵɵصߣٷְӦյ˵
һ㣬ҶԤϣҶûϵǣȻ棬αװص֮Ҳ޷⣡
ҶҲǾ˵ˣɫ䣬ǰ߶Լ
֣ղֳֵ˰ҶʯͻǰҶǰ
߿ʯɲǣɫһ䣬˫һ£һӦǽԼȫ»εġ
״ʯٺһЦҵԶֶӣе츳սʼڹպλչ˰
˵ţʯһȦҾҶǣЩλڣʯһ񣬸һ䱸·ʯʲôһ㡣
ȻʯֶӣǾɣ
˼һ£λüͷһ֣ʯÿһʯҶҡڵ߽˹ǡ
ϣ㿴ͷ֮Уðɣ֮ʯĴļһȻҶոµ
ͷҿɣҶЦ
ʯЩڨڨϣǾǺһͨ鷳ǰɣ
⵹Ҳǣ
ҪʯһãҶ治д鷳Ҽƻøı䡣
˵˵ɣô£ҲеףҶʵ
٣ϣ˵
˵һ˵˻Ҷ䲻ĺȵ
ϣʱԹǸ͵żȻϱУΪԽߣûзϱУ似Ҳܵ͵չõҲˣ
ϣսڿߴһ㣬֮Уǿ߰صߣҶ˵Ҳͷʹޱȣ
ԣٵҵģ
ޣΪʲô
٣˭ҵңҹͻһңʧﲻ˵ţ罫С檵С¹Ҵţиġ٣ϣ㶮ģ
ƫƫ֪ģҲû֤ݣҵ͵ӰĽڻţɲǸǵģʯȴԽ˵Խ⡣
㵱ЩҪʰ㣬Ҫ֤ݣҶʵ
٣ϣҲɵһ£Ҳɵȥ￪ϵߣżҲôùͷĿػ٣֮Уһˣ治Ϊң
ҶȴЩʯһ⡣
ʯԿ䣬ҶͷͻһȻ˳ԵÿȥҴһ£ΪʲôĿʼ̲ؼµˣ
ԭҶ֪ģӦΪҶȴ֪飬ô鷨Էպ£
Сһ׮֮ͶѣʯڴӦ
ʯ˼⣬ա
ôţҶЩɡ
٣ϣǸʲôˣٵרЩ鱨ȫǹǵĶӳͳһĿ߷ҵġ
ЩһƽʱιñģһСϢѣ治ʲô
ʯ֮䣬Ѷ;ʯС
һɨʯ͵ϣ˲ðųſڵ飬Ȼ˲ֵġеۿԾסĺΪ͸ͼһ֣ƵߣЯһֻʮҡ
У㲻֪⼸Ĺ򣬴ʵߣѾʮλˣд󲿷ֶˣֻ˲ȷɵļλ
Ҷһ
Ҷ֮һֱõ֣Ƶļţ֣ͨһ㣬Ҷ˿֡
ҶԾǣеۿԾסĺ
ҶȻǵһϺļ۸Ҷ滹ŵġ
֮ϣܹסеܹĺСַԲСֵҲʮƷ龧֮ϡ
οֻҪǺһĲϣСĿɾסĺļֵʮƷ龧֮ϡ
мУ
ο
ǿ൱ʮƷ龧ܸߴƷ龧͸񰡣ǿƷ龧
һƷ龧ԶһһһʮҵƷ龧
Ŀ꣬һλصߣ˭ܲ
£ǵ桢ҵҲͲΪˡ
һʱ䣬Ҷѹɽĸо
ΪΪʳһҶ汩¶ݣǿ߶ΪҶ
ϣʮͷأ֣ƺ಻̫󰡣գΪһأֻ
˵һ룬ʯͻؾʶʲô͵ر첻ԡ
ҶȴǺݺݵĵʯһۣʱȻЦ㿪
ȻԹ磬ô鷻ĺģ֪ɣҶʵ
ģ
Ҫ
ͼûУҶʵ
ԣʯҡҡͷͼһֱǽŪǳٷĿ纣ģкͼģ
鷻ĺģȴ֪ģ٣ҿĳͣţĳͰ˵ţʯЦ
Ҷʱһ˼鷻ĺģʯǹߵ֮ذ
ϣһĸոհû죬һĿʼҪʱ䡣ʯ˵
죿
֣Ҷüͷͽҵ
뷨ǰˮlӱ˵׷ǳĽʱ䡣
ǰʱǲһط̫ͣõʱ䡣
˳ѲʮʹҶ涼ôģҶΨһĵģڤڤ֮иӦڼٽӽͬһԴϢ
Ҷ²⣬˼п˵
ʱţҶͷΣǿҶѹȺ£ҶţʱڣλҲǸӦҶľ巽ġ
Ҷ浣ĵǣһλҶԽԽҶķλӦԽԽ׼
ԭز죬ʱʵ̫ˣ
һãҶԣ֮֡
ʮʹҶ滹ǿܶԸҶֻķݣ˵λܹˡ
ôʱܽҶüʯϲΪҶ˵ֻҪ뿪ͻʯɡ
죬ȷʵ̫ˡҶЩأԭش죬ʵ̫ðˡ
ϣȥģΪ˸㵽ͼɣʯʵ
ûҶ˵
ǾͶˣ㺣ͼΪʲôһҪȺأģǿרΪЩķ׼ġ
˵򡯶֣ʯҶע¶һ˿ڨЦϷģڣѹȥʲôģõܹ㵽ͼ
ޣô㣿Ҷһϲ
ʯţһţ


948 Ӱ
ϣϣ飬ɱ˽ٲƣ򣬼и㶨һӣ͸ûֹһģһ
ΪܹǿߣибģЩϳ֣оͳˣ
ңΪƵԵʣ˰ĸߣЩǹٷչ۸ĿӦ˶
ҪУɱſԣңԲô鷳
һ·ϣʯڲͣĸҶš
ʵ˵ˣĺУҲżֹٷģ²ĵ˭ףҪȻвƶ֮Ŀڹеķش鷻ˡ
ʯ죬ٴػ֮ҶһΪ˶ĵ¿ռ䡣
¿ռڣɢɢϰλϢߣÿǰһƷ
ЩߣϢǿһǾǸһ㵭ڸŸԵĿ
Ϊһ䣬ʱʱĴĳ̯λǰһ
¿ռߣŰ˼̣ʱʱ߽
ϣҪͼȥߵǼ亣µĺãҵĵ궫ʵǺĵ֯ߡ
Һµ꣬Ҳ֮Ψһܹ򵽺ͼĵطʯ˵
ʯҪҶֱȥµͼҶȴǲˣƵƵһЩ̯λǰפѡ
ÿ̯λڵĶ̫࣬ϵؼףµĵرеҩ෱ࡣ
ʯԣƷ֮ϣҶͿԿ۵Ķ඼ɱԽ
ҪȻ಻˷ӣĿҲǶѲһ
ⲢҶѡ񣬴ô꣬ҶѾӦǿʳĹ
Ҷ汾ʦЩҶǿ۵ģҶ濴ģȴǹؼ
ձ׷ɱҶĹõװҲΪϵľ޴࣬ȴҶ汻쳣ҶޱȵĿٵΪ
ֵ似඼նɱߡã඼ǳƷҲĸߣҶ뿴ûʺ似
ΪܹأҲԺһ㣡
һ·ü̯㣬Ҷͨ似ûѡ½Ϊĵر˼ͨ似ѡ˺üʮƷĵв٣ȴûҶҪģ
ҶĿǰĿ֮鸮鸮ǻһ⡣
һ𡢺ˮԪ𣬻ľͨ似ռһԿѡһ
ԭҶѡͨ似ĿͱȽϸߣҪЩϼˡ
´ʱҶѾʮƷ似ˣҲûһġ
ӰƷ似ɹԼĻӰжǿͿԿƷԶ
ӰһɣͿɢ뱾һģһϢѹΪԶʩߣпʶơ
ⱾƷӰҶ浹ǿˣңҲҶ鸮ƻ
ӰУҲǺʡ
ɣǱľ
飬ҶַŻһˡ
ӰҪĵر̫ңҪڵӰ
ѾϹޣ˵򣬾½ڣѾǧûзֹ޵ټˡ
ҲĵرͽκΣ
Ҷ潫Ӱŵһԣ̯ɵЩʧ
̯ӰǧȴûһԸ⹺ʧ
һɲǣ̯һ뿪ߣֻˣˣǱµӰ
ǰӰʲôۣҶ·ʵҶ֮·أΪ뿪ʱһ£
Ʒ似Ǽ亱ķӰ似ӰۼİƷ龧̯˵
İƷ龧ιֵܣҶ˵ʲôҶʯӰЦ
̯һͣƷĺ似гۣ
˵ֵܣӰ˼죬жʹмʼۣӦ
гۣȥʣⱾ似ʮƷ龧ûҪⶫ󣬿ĵر飬ȥȥ
һǧƷ龧ҪܹһһǧƷ龧£ȻٻİƷ龧Ȿؼ
Ҳôӵİɣߣ
˵ţʯһҶֵܣһУֶ񵱣ԺҲǵֽôƨûУ߰ɣ
Ҷȴûתͷ̯ʮƷ龧ûȥĥĥ
̯촽һ飬ۣʯٴοˣʮ飬ֵɵٲǿˣ
ðɣɽ

˵ϣȻʮһƷؼǿˣӰǰͿһˣѹɣһӰ뿪̯λ֮ʯһԹ
ûʲôֻ볢һ뷨ѣ˵ͻɹأ
Ҷ˵õȻʵҶǻҪȥͼҶϾҸطһ뷨
뷨ĳ棬ǿɾļ񵽱ˡ
Ҷ뷨Ҳʲôܡ
ӰѴڣʱҪڵΪ½ϣ޶Ѿǧˣ˵ˡ
ڵһηʱҶͻؾһܣڲһأ
ڵ᲻߸йأ
ôҶ鳢Ӱ᲻ɹأ
²⣬ҶٴλͷⱾӰԭ
ȻҶ沢ûжٰգɹ͵ǻʮƷ龧ʡ
˵ʯǸⰡ仰ͽһƷϡ似˼۸񿳵ʮƷ龧
ҶƣҲ۳ˬ죬ҪȻʮ鶼пܵģ
õӰ֮Ҷѡ˽ٱͨ似ľԵͨ似٣ľ͸ˡ
ΣҶʯֱǼҺµꡣ
뺣µʱҶǸʯȥģ·Ҷʯõġ
ʯϾǵͷߣͷ죡
һʯҪͼ¾ʹ棬ôţʯúõزƲҪȥ𴦷ȥˣѵҵʲô·ӣ
УҪΪپòֻ˵㸡ƣ˵ˮlĽһҩʢᣬȥһȦŪ㵤ҩ˳֡˵ţʯЦŴ˴֡
ˮlĺͼˮlҵҲҲ֮һ˵λ֮ڡ
ֻе֮ڵĺͼҪҪˣǹµ˵
ϣֻеĺͼҪҪţʯ괫ʵ
Ҷشʱȴش䡣
ͷƵΣУһɲǿʼɿǿ


949 Ҷķ
ͷƵΣУҶʱ
Ҫˣһ㣡Ҷ氵Դߴʯһ䣬ͽͼȫȨʯ
ʯҲˣһǳڴģԹɫ
ûκһϻٵּۻ֮󣬾͸Ҷ漲뿪ºС
ϣ̫˵㣬ҪٸҰӣһܹͼļ۸ѹһ
ţʯڱԹҶȴһƣЩŵĿա
ĹҶͷΣУѾǿ˽ӽһһڼٵš
ʯ˫۶Ҷ棬ƺѾһʲô
أУҶ΢΢һ˫Ŀⱬš
˫ĿеĹ⻪էżš
ɨһۣҶջĿ⣬ֻ۽ǵⲻͣ׷е⡣
֮УŵһĨɫ⻪ۡ
죡
ѾɹҶ棬ǸԶҲܸӦ졣
졢ҲλʹĽӽҶͷƵΣбһԭ
֣ҲҶһ
Ϣ֮λʹ⣬˹ϲ˲Ϣʧ
ߣ
Ҷһλʹķȥ
ǣʯһβûжסҶ棬Ҷüͷ΢΢һ塣
ϣϷǹԪŨĵطͬʱϲڵΧκߣ룡ʯ˵

ܴܲȥʲôҶʵ
һ£ʯԥ
Ҫǿǧ˵ע⣡Ҷ۾˸ΣյĹ⻪
ǣ
ʯһݣ첽ȥҶҲûţڸ˼ҵ̣ٵĸˮˮ
λʹĵҶԤУոûõĹܴ˶ˡ
ȻλʹҶҲ̫õʱ䣬͸ˡ
ʯͷ߻ĺܿ죬ϢҲҶϡ
λͻȻİңǰ鿴⼸ļλɵߵġ
֪֪ʲôʱߣҶͻһʵ
ʯҡҡͷͲˣĶܴ󣬰ʹ˵мӦô˶õġ
أûʲôǣңҶͻĪʵ
ԣʯʶҡҡͷˣʲôǣңҪмңͱЩԩҳ˸ϡ
˵һ룬ʯ͵̧ͷһʶʲôϣҪ뿪ˣ㲻Ҫڰɣ˵뿪ʱɵİɣ
Ҳǣң𣿡
ңֻǴӦһ̶ϵɣһӦеϣǰ㵱һɱĵūҶ˵
仰ʯһؿʱڣʯΪҶ룬в֮⣬ҪĻΪ˿Ҷ񣬺ػɡ
ûϣͳû羢ͷ
ʯģҶһ̯֣㿴һǺģ»ǻѯһ㵱鿴
򲻵ѣҲҲԸ⶯ǿϵֶ㣡
һϵֶΡ⼸֣ʯ;ͱøɰͰ͵ģոձҶƵʱǳһǿֲζġ
ʯ벻ͨǣҶصߣȻ˱̬߶Ҫǿ
ңڹǵѵûйζ𣿲ȥҵ̼Ҷ˵
Ҷһ֮յҪǰЩӼԦӰ纣ʱҶ淢֣һ˼Ԧ̫ˣһ·ѹòκηɡ
֮£ΪǿҶ棬Ҳ֧Ųס
Ҷ漱һŵùͬ顣
ôƵʯѵѡ
Ҷע£ʯٴֿ̯Ц㶼˵ˣһܾܾ𣬻Ҿܾ𣿡
⼸ʮһյӣҲǸûˡ
Ǻã߰ɣ
ȥģ
Ҿͺã
ϣʹһЩԣǲʲôϸ𰡣Щ׷ˣʲôϵȻ˾ʯͽĵ׵Ļ˳
𼱣һᣬ֪ˣҶͷʯһЦ
һ·Уڸո̤ɵĹûԶҶͷ·һֻһʯȻǽϡ
ʯǣ߿֮Ҷ沢ûԶ룬ڸѰҷ򣬺ܿģҶʹڹǵĶϿյƲ
ϣҪʲôƲܱһֱ
Ҫʣžǣ
һɲǣʯ۾Ͷص˸ԲԾ֮£ס͡
ΪһֻֻаƴСС޴Ҷ滳зɳһһʱ;ޱһƲʱʵ
ȻֻСޱȽСɣʯϳˣһֻ
һˣʯɫٱ䡣
ϣ㡭㲻׷λΪ𾪣ʯѾ˵ˡ
˲Ϣ䣬ףôһ
֪ˣҪҪȥ棿Ҷ濴ʯɭһЦ
ʯæ֡
Ц
˵ǸôǸһ뷨ҶˣҲɲǼ
ĽƷţԵһ֮󣬾ԲԸⳢԵڶΣ
޼漦޹湷Ҹɽܣ̯ϣǿˣҲˣ
̾һʯʵϣƲ֮УҪʲô
Ҷ̲ס˸ۣʯĴôָ̬Ǹ˲š
ʲôµ׷ɱңôҲӦøǵɫɣҶݵ
ȻⲢȫҶﻰҶĿģǲʯġ
ҶôĿ꣬˱֮⣬ʵǺ죡
԰Ҷĺ죡
ȻҪԭ򣬻ֻλ
ֻλʹУⱾ͸Ҷɳ֮ʯλص߰æҶҪٲ֣Բûᣡ
ʯһ䣬ϣӦòҪ
ûλʹ뿪֮󣬾͵طɱǣʱǴģʱҲ뿪Ҷ˵
ʯһʱͱɷףһǹ˵ġ׸ݣʧ֮󣬱µ׷ɱϣҪҪҲס
Ҳãæɱλʹʧ֣Ҷһš
ԣʯʱˣһ˵ϣȻſصΪȴпߵͷС似ѡϣƫˡ
ԣ۸۸һĿµ߻ԣԸصߣ˵æܲȣѾոˣ
˵ţʯæҲ̰µϵı㣬¹ܴɡ
Ҷȴİһʯ֪ô˵Ҫǰֻ֣Ҫú
˵ţҶһȥ
ʱʯ۾͵Բˣ


950 дõķ²
ڣŰɫİʹţһĲ䣬һıԹš
˵Ȼ֣ǰܹǵ£ǹܹµģ
ºˣһ˲˵ǵóһƬɫ΢ڵİʹȨһĲˬ
ƾ̲飬ôܻ֣ƣһλʹҲϵ
ԱһЦĹĸκΡ
λʹʵǱǸǹЩ˰Ķ࣬£ֻһ΢֮ĳӡ
ߣҿΪͰɣʹȨһ仰⸱κβѣ֪롣
Ȩ
곤ǸΪİʹ߳һ£ҲһƬģҲΪ£ˣ
ңǴҲǽ׿Ϲģ󣬲һ򣬾һȫ£ɷŹһ˿˿켣
ǸлɱԹ
ˣθǸ
곤߳Ȩһʹһֻۣùҵֱڿ죬θ
˵꣬˾ͱκҡ
λʹԶ࣬ұˮƣλʹ͹⣡κ
κ룬ȴλʹлˣֵ˳֮ʣ֣ǲҿ
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˲֣ƿܹͣṩ֣Ƶ鱨һƾ鱨ҵ֣ƣʱҲһϣǰʹٴǿ
ͣøκһٴӦ£˵˵ƾͣǹҲӦóʮֵ׷Ѱ֣Ƶ䡣
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л
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֣Ҫ˿һȺץһûҵ鷳Ǻ£ǵǸߣس̵·ϣȨһĲ⡣
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ãѰˣܷͬŹκ˿켣˼ҹٺȳⲻ飬ȥ˭˵æ
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Ȩ΢΢ͷϣв֮ɫǡ
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˵ĻףڵһɲǾˣȫƷףȴǷ˸˼£ֵ˴󲿷ֵ˺֮󣬹⻪žʹ
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ɫϢ˵ɶİʹѡ
оĿֲ겨ѵѾþޱȡ
ʱѾЩףһĪͻϮɱ
ʾ͸ոſδ鸮鸮ڵͷ·ɸһ鸮ڵ߸ͬһʱȻҲ鸮ȱ
ѹκηӦ
о鸮΢ӦʱĿǣһسɫͷ
Ȼ󣬾ޱ޼ʵĳɫоĹͷһɲڻˣ
һټһǶ꣬λʹΪߵʹɣһҶͽĸոӳܻ
Ҳͬһɲǣ׵ģһֻ޴ĻצƲ̽ݺݵһλħʸ÷˵İʹԴϡ
飡
ҺĽ
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ܵģŭյȨͳҶ档
ס֣Ҹԡ
ŭոһ룬ȨشסƲԳȫò۾˸Բ
㡭֣֣ƣ
̫
һЦҶޱȵȨɲǣ겨һţȨӦӦͻѪ
ٴ۾ʱ֫ؽѾжѾһĺ죬ѾҶס
ƲУʯŷſյħԪ֣ĿɿڴĿһС
ҶλصİʹʱЩŵ۾
λ߰λأһλأÿжƷ׻ϣֻһص߶ѡ
λصߣڶ̶̵֮ڣˮĽλնɱһ
ħԪϣʯɲ˼飡
ǻʯħԪ͵Ϯ֮Ҳɲս
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ͻȻ䣬ʯʶڴǰٵҶʱӦǶô˰ײ˶ܻ
ҪȻֻǴǰΪҶĲţǷַӱĻ
ɵʲôߣ
߳䣬Ӱ纣ͱҶ˳Ҷʹܵķ²ȨʯһӰ纣
˲Ϣ뺣ˮһɫˮԶ
ϣ²㻹Ǵ˵ĺãŲ㣬Һ鷳ʯ
²дã


951 רҵʯ
Ҷ֮ǰλʹĵطԶֻаﲻ
ôĶȻע⣬Ҷʯ뿪ϢĴ־͸ϵ
ſ߰صǿߣҲһ
ܹӦľҵ֮⣬ûκη֣Ѫζ紵ɢˡ
λʹʬ壬һճɻңһ˺
ճɻҵȻ˵뺣ģѾʼЩ޵ĳ﷢ˡ
ò˵֮ϣһɱԽľѵ
գĸתһȦ֮޻顣
ͬһʱ̣Ӱ纣ڣѾʯȽӰ纣ˣҶ棬Ѿʼʵոշ²İʹȨˡ
֣ƣ
ԣСӾӲ˵ģһŹģ
նһУʱǧٱʩӵϣ
ҶոպȨͣʹȨڵвҶ
Ҷ治Ȩյҵһ㣬Ƿ²עݣһ䣬һ䣬Ǵ𰸲⣬׵ģţ
ޣΣ
ȨһĭҶ棬ұˣҲ룡
һ⣬֣
Ҷ˵ϢȨûκλشҶΪ֮һ䡣
һɲǣȨĲҽ쳹
ҶȻѶĸ֣ΪſԭʰķţǺܶġ
ϧǣʱ֮Ҷ泹ʧˡ
²ȨȻһӲͷʱڣѾĴΣȻҧز¶һ֡
ҶЩΡ
ܹһλʹʩūǿɾ̫ˡ
ͷͦӲİǲ֪ܲסˣƹɣҶ׼ֱѻˡ
ߣԣϻߣĸ֮ûһƷţο˵Ĵʹߣ
õ˵鱨Ĵȥɣһ鴤һŵȨЦ˵жж
Ҷɫٴһ䣬֮ǱƹʵҲΪԭ
ʵϣڣΪߵλǵλﵽһ̶֮󣬾ͻ
̾
Ϊ򵥣Լһ߻Ե깥ȻͽĴ֮ط֮вһ꾯СţеĹؼط
һ꾯䱻ͻֱĴǵԵ깥ȻͻὫڲֱ
̵Ҷ֮ҲУҪĿľΪ˷ֹɱ򱻷֮ѻй¶ܡ
ҲǴͬС졣
£Ҷǿѻ꣬õϢԻٵ
Ϊĵļ䣬
Ҷʧ飬ʹȨЩĹЦ
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ڴ߶Ӱ纣ʯȴͻؿڣϣרҵ飬ǽרҵ
Ҷһ㣬ʲô˼
ϣ˰뱲ӵƫţģɲûжټĽٵֻƣƹ飬ҲǺֵģʯҶգ˼۾
֪ʲôңƹͺãʯ˵
ҶЩ⣬ҲҶĵһ˿ϣ
ƹ£ҶеֶΣǸ̵ñǲ̫ԶȻʯóͽˡ
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ߣʲô£үкүҪüͷͲǰʹ
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˵ţʯóһҹƿһȨͣĹ˽ȥȨؿļ£Ȩ;ҵĿ
㡭ҳʲôȨԾʵ
Ҫһ˶õļһ۳ʲôʲôϵȻҲûʲôֻѪҺٸĴиʮСѣʯһɣ
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ʯĿһȨ㻹еʶ𣿡
㡭ôֶȨڸһ˿־塣
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ǾͿԿʼˣ˵ţʯСȡһСܣһС߹һ߽ܵߵ˵ûУжǱҧһڣʹǿ߶ҪŰ
뵱꣬ΪʰһңҸǸɫʦðžһǰߵ׽ֻϣʮֻôֻˣҪ˷һˡ
ʯ˵꣬ʹȨɫѾñȹҪѿ֡
˻һȨĿӰ׿ͱʯ˸ϡãҶһȻ
һˣȫеĵطʵˣԣȥ
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һֱֻ˳˿˽ȥ
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ģҶﶼġ
ʯĿ⣬Ѿȫòһˡ
ҶôҲ벻ڹʱһٵʩչū
û뵽Ūһֶ˹ļһȨҶ滹ֲһﻹ
ʿǹġ
ٳһƿҩģƿҩǱҩѪȻܹ꣬δ죬ٱԶԲˡţˣֵҩкܶࡣ
һҪ㣬ļ¼һصļһһ£ǼһҵĽָͷġ
ĹȨǴˮ̳һ㣬ȫѾˮʪ͸ڵĴϢţҽѾߵ
˵ĳ̶ȣҶ涼סĳ嶯ȨĲҶʶļнԼĴȡ
ϵҧֻ˰ϢʮֻϾͱʯ˳
ôϣǲһ
ʵѶʱֹѶֻĿľҲԽԽǿ
Ѷʱÿһʱ䣬ĿϢһᣬһ£ôһѶʹ࣬ͻɱ
˵ţʯͺĽõҩȨѪ߰ߵ°ϡ
°ΪҩȨ鶸رޱȣħħ
һĻҶԺֱ

һʱ֮󣬵ʯʼѶʱϸոշųȨͼȾֵľͣͣУУ


952 
񵽴һƬİʹһж٣
ʮһλ
أʲôʱ򵽣
δʮ֮ڣȫ
˼λ

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̶һʱһʱһӲͱʯֱʱشκĴ𰸣ǲ˼ѿڶ
ҶԾѡ
ķ¼һݡѯʰ֮ʯҶصһҪ

ȨľȻһ˿ƺ뵽ʲôЩԥ
״ʯֻЦһͲڵϾ˳ȨٴξҪҪ
Ȩ׽ҶĺᣬʹĽķ¼һݿհ׵ķ֮УŽʯ
Ҳ룬ûѡ
ʲô֣
ֻ֪ͳһƺΪ
δ󶯸ɸ׷֣ȥҪʲô
֪˵

ʱ֮ʯһָȨ۾عԲ˫УȻ¶һɽѵο
Ҷָʵʵɫ˸ֱӽȨݳȻ󣬾ͽȨ¼ķ
ϣҪ롭ʯһĵģ
ôţˣҶ淴ʡ

ʯ˵ûǰȨݰ֮ήСࡣ
ҶְȨϵǼƷ׸Ʒޣӿ룬һĨĨȥȨкۼȻӸʯ
Ʒɣؼʱ̣Ҳ
٣лϣ޾Ͳˣҽٵô꣬ŪһƷҲ̫ˣ˳ֵء
Ʒףɵ滻ǼƷģƷףԺ߰ߣҲܹӲһ¶ˡһЦţʯһ߷ɿĽƷӡ
ңƷʲôöٲģҶ˵
ǣǡ
ʯӦţԿڲģȻǲţҶȻܿҲ˵ơ
ϴҶ䶼һ˲ٿߵ⣬λߵ⣬Ҷسڡ
Ҷ⼸һɵ˰λʹõݣҶַǳĿߵ⡣
ҶƣŪϼλʹ⣬ҶΪ˵ܹһ
һҶΪһҶƷѶȣĽ͡
˵һʱ֮ҶʱƷҲʲô⡣
ҶΨһ⣬ʱ䣡
̫ȱʱˣ
ʯ߿ԿӰ纣Ҷɲ١
ʱ֮󣬳ǼƷϵʯ۾
Ҷ鶸һ࣬ϹأħԪ֣ûɣ
ʯ촽һ£Ȼݺݵĵ˵ͷû⡣
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ʮ궼ûɹô̼ˡ
Ϣ֮ҶȨ¼ķȨڸİʹеһλһȷѶ
ͬһʱ̣ҶʯͬʱӰ纣󣬳еƲ㣬СèɳԲ֮ڣʱƹǦɽ
ҶðȨ֮ȷѶ֮һӣյ˻Ӧ
λյȷѶİʹѶڼϹҪҶ棬Ӧ˵ȨͣĸʾλͬʱѯҶ浽׷ʲô¡
Ҷ飬˵Խ࣬ĻʾԽࡣ
ԣҶֻ֣ΧΣԮһͬȥģڵķλ
Ǳ߽׷ʵķѶһһҶֻǿȴһҲء
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ϷģѾ׼ˣ
СèСϢҶٴζһ
Ȩԣ˵ʮʹ˽ôǣ˹ȴǼϣͬѣʱ˹¡
ؼǣϴҶնɱλʹ֮󣬽˵ǡʮʹһ
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СèҶ桢ʯ͵Ϯ£պܹԸ
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ħԪֺ֮£ҲǺԻ˵ѹûᷢǱϢֵҶ档
ʷٴݣ
ʮϢʱ䣬ҶʯСè֮£͸ɴ˷ɱλʹ
궼ûӳȥȫҶս
֮Ӱ纣ٴҶʯǰһƬԶƬǧ֮Ҷ編ƣٴηȷѶ
ò˵˵ʮʹ֮УȨôһͽ˵Ȩ̲ס˵ĴǼ޴ġ
̶һĹҶɱλ˵İʹ
Ҷ׼ɱĵĲʹϡ
ҶĲʹɱѶ֮󣬵ĲĿ귢صһѶʱҶᵽΣա
ȨţϵһҪסǺܿ͵
Ѷǰ˷ӦȫͬǰԮİʹڽյȷѶ֮󣬶ἫżѶȨ˱Χ
磬״̬սΣ
Σû䣿
УѯʵʵΣΧҪҪٽ˾Ԯȵȣ
⣬ҶͷʹѣҲ½
һɱߣЩȻһʣһҶᵽһ˿ĪΣС
յѶҶڵһʱ佫ӽ˴ָ׸Ϣͬʱ׳Ӱ纣
Ϣ֮Ҷ泹׵ķ˶ȥ
ȻҶ˹ķһҪԭǾһֱͷΣУͻԵĲ
ǰɱȫһĲ
һʱ֮ͷڵĽ·һҶ֮ǰĵط
Ϣ֮ʮλʹʹ˷˹
֮ڣڷûκη֣
֮ڣڷûκη֡

һɲǣ쳹棬ټʹԴΪģѣƬϵκһӰܷŹ


953 Ӱİ
ãã֮ϣλɢſֲϢͣϿգŸոյһѶѶɲǣɫЩѿ
мģź۷λԿͣʱʹ˫Ŀй⻪תʲô
λԿ͵ңȴһˡ
һλһ£˫ϸһֻצ˾֮һա
ұߵλ뷢ģ˾֮һıϯȱʱһŭ
ʮλʹ䲻ѶѾѣǷǱߵľ֣Ȼܻˣ
̶ʮʱڣѾսʮλʹʮʹѾӽķ֮һˡ
ǵĿֻ꣬һصСӣ
磬ԽԽȥˣϯȱŭ߳
ϯ£ɱˣȻݱ棬ʵڿȥҲǼ𾪣ǣⲻ˵һ˵أ˵ţվͿԿͣλ
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ûҲֻǵĶ֣֮У
ҪȻȤ
ңҲȷصļһӦþǱ֮ˣ
֮⣬벻ʲôţܹݶ¶£͸ɵʮλصߣ
ǿ˵ĴʹƾǵһΪӲصߣûκ⣡
˵Կ΢΢һ̣ڣͻȻ֪֪֮еܸɶ鷳
鷳ܷ˻ϾܹӦķλûɣЦ
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Կ͵˵ͷҲͷɲǣ鶸һ䣬ɫһ˲ùŹ쳣Щѿ
һĻøûõ뱼ͬʱһ䡣
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СӵķλӦͻȻͱ˽СҲǳ׵ķ˱Ĵڣ֪쳣
λ֮УܱȱеĻҪ֣ͻ˵
ԣ뱼ɫһ䣬ܹ˵˵ֵ֡ˣ¼м
λӦ˽ڶλøӦʲô̶ȣ׷ʵ
ԿĿķһȦ˵ڴ֮ǰԸӦڵĴ·ڣѾģˣֻһԼĸӦ
֮Ҳ򵥰ôͻ߶ˣȻٺ٣Ѿܹ鷳ˣ
ǧĿǰֻнڷλǧ֮ڣܸӦľλãֻнڵλ֮ڣܸӦľ巽򣡡
Сһ֮ͿƶʮһǺҵˣϯȱɫһ䡣
ߣܲĵģһĺУɲǰ׵õģ
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ȥʮʹһɵжٸСӿɳ֮
⣬СӣֻܣԲ
ǣͣ
һɲǣ⻪ʱͻ棬һ硢һ⻹һ׹⡭

Ӱ纣ڣҶ滺۾ǰʮѾʧȥ˺ɫĹ⻪֮ǰŵĻֵĺʱѾ·һ㣬ûκԡ
׵ĳȡʮڵǵƺϢҶڵĺĽ⣬һȡ˾˵Ľ
֮ǰİɣ쭵ڵһɰ룡
һɰ룬ҶĺôҲǾ޴ģԶ׼ģǶԺĿɱ
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磬ҶʱѾӦǵϢӦҲһͬԴĺ
ݶԺƿصĳ̶ȲͬڲͬľڸоһɺϢ
Կ϶һϢԺƿأ϶ҪҶҪǿ
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ҶţǵϢԴҲλӦûܸӦҶ棬ӦǿȣӦñ֮ǰ˺ܶࡣ
Ҷɻǣʱͷͻһ˵о
Ըоȴ˵
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һеһУ֤֮ǰѡɱʹǶԵġ
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ʯЩǷϵĵ˵ͷڴϺеʵ̫ˣڶŵĻһ˵ʱ
ʯҶרĵоǰڹ֮򵽵Ʒ似Ӱ
ҲӰעڵҪȻСĿ纣ڣû취
׼ȷ˵ӰһӦͨ似
ӰɣһӰһӰ
ӰһַǳһʩչܱӰǻӰѹĿĸĸ顣
ҪǣӰӰ˵һʩչ޷Ŀꡣ
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ӰۻȥΪ£͸ûʲô
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ҪǣӰӰʩչûɱʶƵĻʣҲɱ½
һ£ҶһλֽսͻȻ䣬սϾͳһģһ޷ֱҶ档
ǻһʲôĸܣ
㵣
𾪣
Ҳ᷸Ĵ󣬵ʶģǻ٣۽ΣһɲǣҶõʱ
ңǱ粻أ
µһֱץĸоɣ
ԣӰǿ˵ʤǳĹãҶãӰԹͨżˡ
Ҷǰݵļֵ˶١
ֻƷʽҶܹʮƷ龧ĵͼõԵʣΪ󡪡飡
ңƷԽãӰԽ
˵飬ǿϹޣѾʧǧˡ
ҪȻӰ䵽ԻһȷѪ꣬ĻҶ©Ļᡣ
飬ҶȻûеġ
ǣҶȴһ飬ҶⱾڷӰԭ
ҶãĲӦò̫ɣ
Ҷڣ𰸣Ͼܽˡ


954 Ӱ
Ӱһݴ߶ͷȻӰķš
߶ķţҶ֤֮ĸ
ڵɲǣҶһ䣬ʱʩչ߶ķţ
һɲǣҶ۾صɴͶÿһƻˣ
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ӰļأƷи֮֡
ӣ߶֮£Էɢϡİɫɨ紶̰Ʈɢ
ְɢɵӰģʱ򣬿ͬ߶׿ӰӰ
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ɢ룬ۿ͸룬Ӱ
ɢѾӰˣѵһɣΪ߳ԼһصߣûʲôķţҲѿƣ
ӰڼصƷס
ǣҶô߶ķŴ߶ʱͷųֱҶĿɿڴ
ڵĴɫһ͸أֱ͸Ҷţ˲Ϣ䣬Ҷʧˣ
꺣ʱþһʱ䣬Ҷ·羭һ㡣
ͬһɲǣƺҶŲͬľ
гɹߡʧߡǧߡһߣΪߡΪ˸ߡԾ
ƺ֮һУþ̲֮סҪ֮С

һɲͬʱҶĻ꺣һƬҶĻ꺣֮еͬһʱ⻪󱬣⻪ԪɵһɲǾȻɢ֮ࡣ
Ҷ棬ȳڻ꺣þ֪޷԰Ρ
ҲԪɵɢ֮ʣҶλõ飬ͻؼѾĻζһ£Ҷ꺣֮еһĴɫʱ֮ڡ
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Ҷûʶص飬Ȼ˵Ŀֲ
Ǳ߷һ˿ͲҪС
ҶǣȻջ˵Ҳʶ
Ҷô鶼ûκλӦҶ²⣬һҶΪ̫мӦҶ档
Ǳӡģֻ⿪ʶҲǱġ
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ɢʵɫ룬ͻ
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ΨһҪעǣҶڴ߶ʱҪСģΪһСģͻὫԼȥ
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֪ڵǿ׵ӰжǿʱӰӰǿ󵽺̶ֳȣ
뷨Ҷ濪ʼСӰ


955 һ
˯ʱֻȫערעĳһ¡һܱյĿռڣͻȻּѹֵܳ˵ʱ򣬻һʲôĸо
һͷֵʱӰж
ʮа˾ţˣ
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һ·ϣʯȫעĿſ纣Ӱ󣬼Ҫٶ뺽ߣҪгȺӳֵĺޣνǸ߶Ƚš
ӰУ·Ҷ棬һֱ֮УҲûע⡣
ոһȺؽ׺֮гɱһѪ·ʯһɣʶĻͷһۡ
һͷˡ
ĸҶ棡
ĸһģһϣϥ⴬ռһֱĿɲǼ䣬ʯëˣ
Ӱ纣һܱտռ䣬ĸһģһӰɲǣʯбĳȥ뷨ˣ̫ˣ
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ҪģĪǾѾõ飿˶ʯڵķʡ
ҪȻ㵱ɵ˲ⱾӰأЩһϹعҵõһöǧ顣飬ҶǾԲ˵ġ

̾˼ʯ˶񣬾ͿʼתϸķֱڳλҶ
Ҷʱĳ㣬ֹʯʹʯһһɨţֱǰλҶʵ
֮ʯЦϣܲһ£
ԣҶ淭һİֱۣĻǻõԣֵʱ˭᣿
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˵ʵϻ켣ôֻ꣬ħӰ٣ϸ쿴ܷһ˿
Ӱʵǡ
ֱ粻ǲҪȻʣµĻҶû˵ҪЧʮٱӰʯƵĻľͰ׷һˡ
ʵϣڵ͵ӰҶеĻҪǿ
սʱֻӰܸʯôʱ䡢ôľֱģ
ʯ˽˳ʱ䶼ûзֱˣȻΪԶʯ٣·ǳѡ
ϲΪͻƵأ£˷ͨϿһˡʯֵ
ӰɣҶ۷ΪȻȻľسڡ
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⣡
ҶʯͬʱһֱעڷֱӰһϣӰ纣ĿȴǴˡ
ʯľӡӰ纣ĿƷ

Ҷȴʯǰ棬ʼ¿Ӱ纣ʱ͸Ӧ͸˳ȥߵһĿȻ
ˮУһֻ峤ǧסɢſϢвֵĺޣĳĴĲסӰ纣ֱӰ纣
Ӱ纣ķ󷨣Ѿʼ˸龧ڵƷ龧ʼһļ١
״ҶȴЦһһֱ΢΢һһ˱ѹʹɢ
ʱסӰ纣ľͺ޷һ־İĴַ·һ㴹̱˺
Сè
һȣСèʹҶ滳дܳУ˺ˮУץһ̽ͽǾͺ޵˳
һȥ
󣬾ʹڴڵֻͺ޵Ѫ
ʮϢ֮ҶȵСè
һɲǣӰ纣ͷ·֮һӰ纣뿪֮ʮϢڣѪζɢĿ޴ĺһľѸչһսһƬ棬ʱͱѪɫ
ȻʹĺɢһϢܹ庣޲ַôʮϢҶ棬û庣ޡ
Ϊ뷨Ҳ˸ղŵһĻ
޻ǺޣǻΣ޷˷ԱܣѪζͻᷢһУǿ޵Ѫ
ʱ򣬱˵Ǻ죬Ҷĺȫ⣬Ҳ岻סĺ޵ġ
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ʻȥǧҶͷӰ纣ٶȣ׼ᣬһȺˮӰࡣ
һȺӺޣƷײߣֻеؽƷȺСһǺǿ޵Ϻÿ
ץסֻˮӰ࣬Ҷͽһյʮ죬һԵֻˮӰĸС
ȻҶּӰ纣Ⱥ෴ǨˮӰȺŻأ
Ҷ֮ôΪҶǰע⵽һСС쳣
Щ죬ǳǵ𣬻ֱӻɢǳķ򸽽һ졣
ÿһΣҶɱʹ֮󣬾һĺ죬·һ㣬ȻԶ롣
£һߵ걻֮󣬾ͻ֮һ㣬ɵɵģѹʶ
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ϧǣʮڣҶΪͷƵľױ仯п·İʹ
ǣÿһʹ˽С
ҶףʱڣûĻᣬòġ

ò˵Ҷڹںкµ껨Ʒ龧ǰ·ߺͼֵ۵ġ
·ϻû̫ǿֲĺޣżҲܰѣֻʻţڷٵĽӽ
ϣҿ˿ͼһ죬໹һʱ䣬Ǿܹˣ
ǰ˵ܵģ
٣ϣֹܣŮǶģûζ
䣡
ʯԻζɲǣӰ纣ٴξҵ


956 ȥĸ
Ӱ纣ľ𵴣ʯͬʱһҶȴЩŹ֣
ϿգһִɫС죬ɫСĴ߶£ǧ档
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ʱӰ纣󣬾ͱͣһпյش֮Уղŵ𵴣Ҳ˶
ҹ
ߵ괫ֱ͸Ӱ纣ĸӦ˹ӦǶԿ纣ǳϤˡ
Ҷ۾һУһݵΣϢ
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λʹſ纣ͻȻϷλһûи״ˣ£
ʯλص߿ڽͣλĺʹԻϣȥеޣ
̬ɲǵ飡λҲŲƵıģĥģ
ȻˣҲͲ׷ˣλ̨ôƺ
ϷʯϷҶ
ˣʯ֣Ϊǿɳִǰǰ뾸£֮бϣʹ˵
ʯӹһҶ棬뿪Ǻһͻغȵţ
ʯ֣λֻصΪûм뾸ʸֻܼɵƺºбϣɳִǰϱߺ˽Ӧ
ҶУʯɫȴ÷ǳѿ
λʹϷһγɷϷߣ
У
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ʯʣҶЩɻæ괫ʵʯô£
ϣЩ鷳洬һҲϹһ٣ʱҲǿصΪʱҲǾ
ɣǷһ飬ºıҲһǧƷ龧
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ǣҪϹȥƺȴ˲أ˵սĳ߳ɣڻҶ飡ʯ˵
߳ɡ
Ҷһ˲ԥ
ϣ˵ô죿
ˣĥˣı꣬񣬲Ϊ˷ֱ˵ݣҽ⸲Ƕϴӡǣºƾӡȡ꣡
ͬʱ纣ʱǱˣ֮ȡǣ
еɫĸɢǧɺ΢΢һգסյӰ纣ʹ˵пյĺ档
ͬʱڼԺóһ֣ץӰ纣
ҶĿ⣬һɲҲɭޱȣ΢
νʹ·أҶԽܣǱڵʱ٣ҶҲǿܡ
ڱŵνڻƺ֮УҶҲڿǲǿǿܣϾΪҲһڻҡ
ڴ󺣵׷Ҷ棬Ҷ治֦̫ĶעĿ
Ҷֻҵͼĵǰˮl뷨Ū츳Ѫ
ǣȥҶӰ纣ҶȴԲܽܣ
ã֮ϣӰ纣ҶҪĽͨߣҲҶҪı֮Բܶʧ
ֻҪӰ纣֣һҶΣջǱ˵˷ֻ֣ҪӰ纣ƾҶһ£еһλҶҲİѣ
ʧȥӰ纣Ǿ޷ܡ
˵ģƾӰ纣ҶڴȺӳǧĵؽ׵ĺȺ壬ƽһٴ
ǽƾҶԼȴС
ҶʩźѹһСģҲǱȺ˺Ľ
ңӰ纣Ⱦıܻ֮ܲñ˵
ԣҪҶӰ纣ȴǴҶĵߣҶ޷ܣ
ںߴ߶ɫĸɲǣɫ⣬ͱֱĺ˺ʹ
ʹ۾صɴһûзͺš
˲Ϣʬе䣡
Удţ
ƺ֮ǰɲҶصߣȻʹ֣
Ǻʹɢɲǣڸ߿յɫĸ죬ͻؾͻһɫԶ
šһĻʯֱɵۣһɥģ
ߣŸʲô
Ҷ͵һʯʹʯӰ纣󣬿ɾҶոճ嵽Ӱ纣Ϸɲǣżٶȥɫ죬ȥ
Ҫǣĸ죬ѾǴǰİƴСգ·һ㣬˲Ϣ͸סڵ棡
Ҷʯͬʱ


957 ֲĸʥ
ȿȥֻаƴСɫ죬ɲǼǵصĸסգʱʧ
ֲȴֲǸ֮ɫͬ͸ס档
ɫ⸲֮£ˮǱĪƾһ㣬ٵĽţǱصĺҲ¶ˮ档
ҪǣƽЩڴкаԵ˵;޴׺ޣʱɫһգ޴ʱӲʯ˿
췢Ŀֲɫ⣬ɿҶʯӹ
ҵүǸʥ𣿡
ӲҪȫƵϣ
Σʱ̣ҶֻǸʯһϢͬӰ纣󣬾ͷ·һһ㣬׹˺ס
Ӱ纣׹˺ףҶϣһӰӰ纣׹뺣ףƺҶ汾ˣվ
Ӱ
׹뺣׵ɲǣҶ΢΢ڵĶβзľɲǣһַ·صҵĸоسҶͷ
˫ȷ·һ΢΢һڣҶһźˮȥ
Ӱ纣ǺãӰ纣󳹵Ҫʱ䣬Ҷ治֪ûǸᡣ
ң˽ľ룬ҶҪԦӰ纣λʥǰμѹܡ
ǣҶֱˮȴǿԣ
Ҷһ뺣ɲǣӰãɲǵĹҶѾóһֻ׳ʰɫĻһзǯĶβз
ûɺ޵壬Ҷˮеζٶȸˡ
ҶΨһɻ󣬾ǷˮһɲǣڵĺԼ¶һ£ƺɢһֵ
ʱҶ汣ҪʱЩ顣
ҶҲƲѣǸʹǿӰ纣ǲᷴģҲڵ
ȻˣҶ;Բ˷ʱȥڡ
ֻƴȫһУ
ҲҶ뺣ɲǣɢɫͱ鲼һƬ򣬺ɿ콵͵ͬʱɫҲһɲǸʯ뺣ҶӰ
ʯһֻһĪǶʱá
ûзҶʯ֮Ǿ仰סˡ
˵ʵѾеˣʱ򣬻ӣһūİΣһ¡
ƺһֵ׷ļһ
ȻҪƣҲ˵ĸƨġ
ֻʯܺ棬·ϣܲ˳ӵ
ۣ
ɫ⼷ѹ֮£ҶߵһɲԭصӰرһţ
Ӱ
Уشһĵͺɱ˱ʥʹӣΣ
һϸܵɫסͷ˫ǵӣسڸ߿Уһŭݡ
ֵ˫͵һһĸɢĺ⣬Ͷرʮϣ
ɲǼ䣬Ǳƾռһ㣬ˮΪ֮һգط¶ɺɰʯĺףǺ׵ɽ
ģȴЩʧȥ˺ˮĺޣ⼸ʮﷶΧ֮ڣ˵Ҳǧֻޣ׵ģҲ׵ģģȴǵؽס
ЩƽضںˮˣȻ뿪ˮҲܳһʱ䣬ǶȻʧȥˮǷǳĻš
˲Ϣ䣬ǧֻ¶ĺ޾ҳһţǸɫ£ǧֻʱ޷ֺ
ոĸʥĿһɨһ
ûˣѵˣ
׺޵ٶȣҲûôɣ
ڰеʯȻ˱ӻǿתһĻҲһͬʱȴһ
ϣӳȥҲǺõģ
ûзߵӰʥָһɣ챩ɫ⻪࣬ˮ
һǧף̺ĺˮֱԼǸʥ츳ͨٿغˮҲǷǳĳܳ־ã
ͨһɢʥĿһգ
Ŀƿɲǣȴһֻ״СɫɫĶβз
ɲǣʥĿⶸرޱȣٺ٣ԭһ˱ʥβз׺ޣôֻףĻ򻹲һ㰡
ЦУʥָ΢΢ţ춸رһɫ⣬ֱҶûĶβз
Ҷ󾪡
ľ׹Ԩһ㣬һ³
ϢҶ֮ǰİ벽ͨۻԻҪǿĶ࣡
ѾˣɫסɲǣѾƼһĴӺ׷𣬷ͷ˫ǵĸʥ
ɫǹһѹҶĻҲάֲסر˱塣
Ҳһɲǳ֣ŸɫⶨסҶó״СĶβз͡
ʱҶر壬ξʱСһٱɫĿȼ
һɲǣҶͷ˫Ŀŭ߶˼£ɫ
ͬʱ˫ָͬʱһ꣬öҶָ⣬ХźҶϿյĸʥ
ҶΪغڣҶ۳Ĵʱ䣬Ҳ˽һԴﵽϢʱ䡣
սУѾ㹻ˡ
ҶĹû꣬Ҷһ𣬱ҶĴ񴸶شԺ𣬾ͺ˸ʥ
ͬʱҶӿ񴸣ٵŴ񴸵ܡ
ϧǣǺϣԪˮǳϡȱȻҶǿ츳ǿҲͽκΣ
ѾҶͬһʱ䷢ǿ
֮ҶĻ꺣һĪĿ飬ǿȵս̫ˣ
ڱʥǰȻܷ˼˼
ЦУʥͷӿ磬Ҷ˵⡣
ǣһɲǣʥŵЦУͳһ˿ľ㵡
ֵֺ깥Ȼƣ
Ȼǰصļһ깥ƣ
Ҫֺ֪깥˵ģǿ˾صģҲܹӵס
ڸʥ֮ϣӶҧһ㣬˺øʥٴξ㵡
ʲôʱȻܹһصϸ˵ˣ
Ȼûˡ
дͷʥҶҲͷӡ
յĸ·Ļһ£ֱӽҶö񴸸˽ȥ
һɲǣҶЦЦ֮ʣ𣬲һѪжѪ˿
öԸ벽ɲ˺꣬Ȼֱڸ֮ûϢ
ҪǣҶĴ񴸣ڱֱ֮ӱ˷ĩ
ӡ٣Ҷ˵ֱӵԭ
ҪǣҶͬʱʥָٴţҶ棬ͬµĺˮѵŸʥȥ
ʥҪҶ棡
𣡡
ǵĻХ𣬻ʶ˵ΣգСèһҶ滳гĳ˸ʥɲǣѾָ˱壡
СèҪҶ澪


958 뿪
ףһֻһֻƷѪͳ
ôˣһΣǵһ޸ʥϡţ˼˼
һɲǣʥ˫ָһ̽
ԭСèٶȾ͹ˣǸʥһ죬ҶУСèĶʥһ𣬾͸ˡ

һ죬ʥסСèβͣһֻһ㵹
Сè
һҶ۾ʱͺˣ
СèҶһ·ɳڣ飬ֵܣҶ治ɴĵߡ
һɲǣҶͷĹעԴ֮ΪùƷ֮ϡ
ͬһʱ̣Ҷǿлڳ˯е飬ⳤᦣܲʩչȫ
һ㣬ᦣᦣƷʵǲԳסȫʢʱɵһΣ
ûʩչҵСҪʲôҪ㣬ҵıԴֻ𣿡Ӧʧɫ
˵ɲɣɣֻóеƴһˣ
ҶĿǰΪûд߶ᦵȻҶƷĸߣǿ߶һ³ᦡ
ʱֲпڵĸʥѹûõġ
Ҷܹ뵽ķֻ߶ᦣһ߿ܣ
ƴķӣ
ҶĻʱɵˡ
·Ǵ󺣰
һҶ浰ıʮа˾žͻ֮У֪²ٴҵ
쵰պ˿Լ֮壬ٿôʰ㣡ҧŭ֮ʣҶĵһУһ˿ļµĽ֮
ܣס֣
ͻȻ䣬һϺ쳹գϺһ;׳߳סޱȵӣسڸʥԡ
һֵɲǣɢֱȸʥҪǿϰϢҶһ
һΣҶͷ˾֮У
ˣ飬ְͣɣˣ
һҵıѪһ֮߶꣬߶Զɣ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷͷ˵ֿ
һʥҪҶ涯ıԴ߶Ʒƴˣʤϡ
һʥΪĴڣƺ֪ϵˡ
ƴҲûκοܣˣ
磿
ʥɻĿλӡ
һֱһԵʯȴֱӷ˸ۣʥ֮УѾʥϾҲûκѵĿܡ
ʥ֮ǸʥǾʥÿһɺоÿһǺеϰ
ͬǿߣҲڴϸǷŶԣ˵Ҷһصߡ
ܣϸֻոոϵľʥˡ
СһϡǳĺԭѪؽƷǶˣû뵽ȻܹﵽƷʵǡ
ܣ˵Ĳ룿ǰЩӡ
õʾʥɫһ䣬磬˵
Ȼʥû˵꣬ʥɱصĵ˵ͷ
磬˼ǣ

ʥ뾸ʥ˵Ľ̸Ȼֹһ겨Ȼ꽻ڳǵ̸
ʱ򣬱ɫֶҶ棬űһСèԺ﷭ȥֻ֡Ϊ
ΪˣΪԷ̫
ҪȻĽ
ͻȻ䣬ҶͨˣֻҪʣҪϽΪֻΪȥˣܸõ档
涼治ȥôٺõĻʲôأ
һ˲䣬Ҷ;ֻҪľͨ似ҪΪҲܺˣ
ҶţֻҪΪܹǸոͻƵƾҶһط뱾£ҲǱ
ʥ뾸ʥƺʲôһһƵƵĿҶ棬󣬿ҶĹâѾȫһˡ

һЦʥָһɣһգСèشܻҶ滳ҶҲָɡ
Сӣ߱ʥͣôͻѪҿģ뱾ʥͳޣܹͻƺ֮У˵һǧ֮ûһ
ȴԽףʥʵ̫棡ʥʵ
úûشǴˣǰ£ۣʥֲһ䣡
һԽսʤǿһ׵ĳӥʱ˳ƽΪˣһΪ˾ңؼʱ̱ͻƳޡ
ǣںһϹ޵ѪǧҵѪ˳ںѪڵƷףҶ˵
Ѫʧ𣿿еʥһԾ
ѾԦҵһöƷûеҶʵ
ϧˡʥ̾
һͣҲܹ˾ģűʥûпĻΪͣҪʥƴǰɣʥٴʵ
Ҷش𣬸ʥּ˵壬ҲԵնɱʹ£ȴǲܲ׷
ˣλСγƺʥʵ
Ҷ
ʱҶѾҶ治ףŻڶĸʥΪα˺˵
Ҷ沢ǵһ콭ǺԵͷŹƺҲܣ
ѵڴСè⣿
ԭҶҶΪҪɱʹɷɣʥ˵
ҶӵˣʥĿǣƺҪΪˣ
ȻƴҶҲͽŵԭԭ˵һ顣
꣬ʥȿ˸ʥܣʹҪһˡ
νƺڻ˵ȻᣬµʹǿûλҶĿ纣ȴ˽ģ
ķЭȻǿʣǾԲǿûķߵĲƻ
һ㣬ˣ
ʥȴǹһЦǵǸҶͱˣ£ֻддţȴûеͷǸ˵
ˣҲǶԵģ
ⷬ˵ðޱȣҶĬȻʵ
ֻоԵʵе˵Ļ
ѡһǱʥҶɱ
һǣҶӽ𣬳ΪΪЧ࣬ʥ˵
ԣҶüͷܻȻǺõģҶûôɵʸʥβ뿪˵Ҫٹͣ
뿪ȻԣдޣҲԵȻΪ㣡
ţֻҪ൱ڽְΪĹѫ֮ʱ뿪
Ҷü֮࣬ʯȴﶼһȭͷˡ
ţûһԴϹŵļϽļ㹦ѫķԲ
⣬ȻԸƺǾȥʥĸɣ
˵ţʥָᵯҶĶͷͶӡһöɫӡǣǱʥıԴӡǣҪܣȥǱ߱ɣ


959 Ƶ
ʥҶĶͷ±Դӡ֮й⻪һ뾸ʥһͬʧյĸҲ֮ߣʱʹƲ͸
ҶĵһӦȴȲ쿴ʥͷıԴӡǣһɲǣҶûκηӦֻеһͷƺͶʲô
ӾпҶĶͷжһɫӡǣӡߣͷ˫ǣһۣ˲һֱؼ֮С
ⲻص㣬صǣҶϸӦ֮󣬷ӡǣƺûκι
ģϾƾҶɫ⣬ҪҶֽ֮ţѶȺܴ
ûйϵҶԳûߣ෴ûнӡ֮ǰҶǾӲʥĵġ
ڴһɲǣһӡǣȻԼԼҶѪһ˿˵ϵ
ҶнӡǵİգǷɱûʲô
ֻҪҶԸǹԼŸɾȫѪҺǷոɾȫѪ⣬ȥöʥıԴӡǡ
ǣǿ
Ҷ治ɵüͷ
ѾôˮlͲ̫Զˣˮl飬һµʱ䣬Ҳû⡣
Ҫǣ˵׷أ
Ҷ滥иӦλֲĴڣ׷أ
ǲҪ
Ҷֻһһ㣬㹻ʱ뿪
ϣҪȥˣСЩ»ɵʯ˵
ҲעⰲȫһٹһְλⱾԴӡǣȥ㣡Ҷŵ˵
һλĶͳ˧ԣͨ˾ӵͳ˧ڻùѫⷽ棬Ҳʮİա
ϣ㲻ҪߵĲˣȥɣ
Ҷ沢ûпʯǵı飬Ҳû⣬ӻ˵ùң˻ȥģܸӦλãҶ˵

ʥĸһƬĶҶ˽·˺üλʹ֮󣬲ҵ˸ʱľݵ㣡
ҶһǧصΪҶЩԾ
ΪӦȥƺôǸˣǸΪ͵ģҲԡ
˵һ룬ҶΪ³ǧĿ⣬Ҷͷеӡ֮ϣ
ӡǣ㲻ǱЭǵߣ¼븲ģΪҴΪ㣿³ǳԾ
߶ǰɣֻܼ븲ˡҶοЦƹص飬ֽճҲˡ
ֻҶһֱ֪ʥ뾸ʥǻֹĵʲô
λΪԵʶҶһ
⸲ӡǣֻǴʥյ㣬ȻиӡǣǾҸʽһԱˣ𣬼뱾£
סǧİ˶ӵڡ
˵³λǧͻشסĸȺĿǰֽȱһʮλãԸȥ֣
ȱˣʮҶЩɻһʮҲ̫˰ɣ
ЩǰߵüʮλãֱǸʽԱ³͵Щš
û⣡
ҶһڴӦҶͳ˧ˣһСùѫôܹʱ֮˵Ĺѫأ
½ͳʮˣҲһ
ҶӦ³ظһԵĵݸҶһ򣬡ʾĴʮʱǴ˴жĺĸͼ
йνǸĿǰǸʮΪλжʮ񣬾ǴµˣҪ
ɵԽ࣬ѫԽࡣ
ƷϵĺްͷǸ񣿡Ҷɻ
û³˵ͷ
ƺʲôҶʵ
ƺǵжˣѲﺣ棬ռ鱨ߴ̽ȵȡǧ³
ԣҶ͵һԼĶͷʯ˰ƺԲڻ
û󵼣ƾǺʹҪҶ汣õӰ纣һҶҲ÷
ˣǰ
Ҷһ֣뿪ȴֱ³סˡ
ͷ˾³˿ָҶʮ˵Ҷţʱʮ£ȫʱ·ߣΪǲпסǣ
Ҷһ˵ʱ³ȴǵݹöˮתǱƵǬԪˮ׷ÿһö൱ڿǿߵȫһ
ЩһΪΪսǸ磬³һЦһĨӵĶ
Ҷͷһͬʱһ־ΥԵĸо
һ˲䣬Ҷ⸲һ˿У
лǧã˵꣬Ҷתߡ
³ϸո¶һ˿ЦݶؽסӲ㶼ûᣬ٣ӿ࣬Ϊ˸ʹģһԺһ㣬û뵽һ鳣
λҶ棬ǸʮҶ棬λɱջı꣬λϣҶ浽ʮǰЦŹ˹֣
ûκģʮλҶ£ֻһҶ棬͸üͷһֱ
ûһëûļһѵʮ˱㣿
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龰ԭλܵߣҲ
ҶԤ֮С
³Ҷһ֮УΪߵĿأΪ͵أ󲿷ֵΪǿأ߳Ҷسڵһء
֮ʵΪЩˣȻҶˡ
ҲҶͷеöӡڣҪȻĻȺݺںϵĺͣܳҶĶˡ
Ҷ沢ûжŭֻЦеĿλߣһһöһͶس֣صıߣ
ּֿɲǼ䣬һͺ˱ߡ
ɫ䣡
ϵǣҲûĻ˸΢⣬ȻĻ׺ġ
ϵǣҶöһ궸ڱǰ״ͣ
߱еĳʼ˵ͣǳһ˿ЦҪȻ㲻һ룬ҲҪ
ȫ߶Ļף
Ҷ涸߳һҶ߳Ҷ淽ͣһ꣬ʼһٶȣűƽ
ɲǼ䣬߾Ҷ˼ƾ㣬Ҳ빥ҵĻףΡ
ΡֻûڣߵɫͶؾ䡣
Ҷһ껹ûƽǰ֮ڣĻףȻʼɿɢɢ
֮ʣ϶˰ɲǼ䣬ںĹע£ߵĻײȫָҷֱӱ߶˼״̬
Ƶ⣬ҳ֮Ϊף
һ߳Ҷһٴͦ˰ף
ɲǼ䣬߶ͷ亹£


960 
Ҷͦ˰ף뱳ߵؿڻһװʱ򣬱Ļףɢĸ£ɿڻ
⻹ĵܣ
껺ͦǰһ֮ڵɲǣ߶شһɿĺˡ
ȻͨľüһҶ棡
ΪһɲǣĻѾױɢؿڵֱӻ˺ڻң
۶𾪣
ΪʲôŷǰصߣҪɱѾ֪˶ٴˣ
ûвģ
Ҷͷһƫ˫һţһҶɵɵףظסҶȫ
Ǿ˵ĸ£ɢĿֲʱҶ滹ʮ׾ļλ߾ú˲ѡ
˭ԣ˭
ָٴһ꣬öһٴҶǰ·ʾһ㣬ɢž˵
ûǰɣûǰɣ
Ȼû˸ԣҿھͽ˵ǰͷˣǳᣬ
ڣˣǶûˡ
ԣһִʱ˭ҪǸҲҵָӣҲپ棬ǻֱôһ꣬ţбǿģ
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961 ʥ
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ȻȻģ׷ʥλʹҲûв߿ⳡսʸ
սһʼԶԶıܿ˸߿еս·ս֮У˲Ϣ븲һӾһ
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963 ĺ
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ϾִģĻս֮У춼˸ÿʱÿ̶˻Ӹ߿׹䡣
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ͬǴ߶ƷƷҶصߴ߶ƷǱȲϿߴ߶Ʒġ
ǴʱλΪͷİʹȴ¶˾飬ŭס֣
ŭУͷֱӷҶ棬еĺĳ˰ͻȻֻ޴Ļצ
ֻ޴ĻצĿ꣬ǸոҶ֮ʹ
ݣ
öһֱҶָХöһĿ꣬ȴͷСèĺޡ
̫ԵʱԸǷԲ׵򣬶ҾǱԵɱҲǳǿ
ҶСèֻһ꣡
һöĿ꣬Ȼͷˣ
䣡
Ҷһ׼ȷĺں޵ıϣⱬɲǣ˲Ϣͺ޸ɢǣСè˫צĺޣҲɱıһײˡ
꣡
˵İʹǺ޷֮ıԴǰĺ죬ʱͷͷ
⡭ͷĿѣŭɲǣҲر걬Ļû
ԭǿԶ㿪һģǣѡ˾Ԯͬţ
Ҫǣڱûɲǣͷþĵ߸֣ڡ
·ȻֹҶ࣬ȴ͵һ
ͬͬһɲǣڶսʥ͵һ


964 ˭

ʥҲǱĸ̫ˡ
ʵʥڵľʮʹ˵ߣĸ֣ǳС
һµʱڣеߣڱصߡ⼸ѰҵĿꡣ
۵
ÿһͷޣ˵ǣʶȥۡ
ʥķӦ֪
ĸֵɲǣʥһʶĳԴ
Ҫһʥ͵ؾͶһ£ͷ͵һһ߹⻪һͺˡ
ʥĿ⿴ȥʱҶո˰ʹͷԴ˳ֵĽнУһ
ʥֶģȴǺһ졣
ʥε۹⣬һ۾ͿǸ߾неĺ죬棡
һܣʹʹ
ʶһɲǣʥĶڵѪ
ʹλʹֱģҲλʹĵϵ
ڣλʹƤӵ±Ϣĸɵ
ʥβŭ
ͬһʱ̣ոʹСèֻյúںĶ֣Ҷ档
ֵָֻϣÿһ϶һöָ
СèҶˣҲѧÿÿɱ֮󣬲ҶԸͻὫɱĵ˵ĴָҶŪѹҶġ
һ߽öдָĶӸҶ棬СèһС壬ҶĻ
ǣҶȴûֻдָĶ֡
ԡͷôһɤӵɲǣҶЩŵĿգһʥע⵽Ҷ鷳֪
ǡڴʱʥĿҲҶ棬Ҷ滳е
˵Ŀ⣬Ͷһ
ʥĿɲǣҶͰвã͵һ飬һ
˫һΣҶ嶸һΪŻսȺȥɲǣӰ֮УոûõӰʱʩչ
ҶӰʱͱģ֮һ׽ĲӰ
һ˲䣬ҶΣƺ
Ӱص㣡
ûдͨ似ٶȣû䣬ȻƷͨ似ٶܻƷͨ
ǣȴܲӰ˵Ӧõѹ㲻Ҷƶ켣
ҪǣһӰʩչմ͵һ㣬˵޷Ҷ棡
Ҷ濪һɲǣʹ۵ʥҲˣ
жսУʥʥ˱ýڽڰˣ޷ʥΧߣȴ׵
Ҷ滳ɲǣʥ֪Ҫôˣ
һͷƮöںɫ׹飬һˮͰϸʥܺôһĵ׹⣬ͷֱҶֻһӰ
ҪӰÿһҪҶ治ٵҪȻҶ񷽲һԷֳĵӰ
ǰҶ͵ϮλʹɱУĴ󣬴ʱΣǰͲٹڷˡ
ֲϢͷѹ
˲ϢĹҶķֻǵӰͱ߹⻪˷飡
ͬʱһ߹⻪֮εҶ汳˲ϢҶұ۷ɹ
ʱҶ汻߹⻪ұһҼ磬ֱӱ˷ɻң˲
Ҷʱһҽ鴤ŲܿƵˮ棡
ʥ߹⻪ڣ̺ſֲ̺ž˵׵磬׵˳Ҷ˿Ҷڣ˲ϢͲҶ֫ٺ
һΣҶ波˱˵׹еζ
ζ
µÿһ鼡ⶼڲͣҶǳѣסԼ
ôŬǲʹ
Ҫǣ׵֮ڴȥҶ顣
ҲҶ֮ǰ֮УΪܹս壬Ԫǿȱ˼ڴ֮ǰҶΪףܹϴ񣬶׵֮һĿԡ
ҪȻ׵֮ҶĺܹҶ̱࣬컺
ˣϢ֮ڣҶһָͷҲˡ
Уʥȴһ
ԭԤУӵļһӦһ֮¾ͱû뵽ٷе߻Ȼƫˣ
ʵʥ߻ƫˣԭʥ߻ҶӰǰӦ߿յģƫ
Ҫǣʥĳٶ̫죬׹ⱾͿ죬߻ĺٶȸǿ쵽˼㣬Ҷ淢Ӱɲǣ߻Ѿ
Ȼ߻ʱʥѹ޷ҶӰ߻̫ˣƾ۵ĸоʥһǻҶ档
ƫˣ
֮ľԶһ㣬ʥĳٶһ㣬һ߿գƫˡ
Ҷ棬ѾûʱȥԹӰˡ
ΪѾ䵽˺ˮ֮С
ʱ򣬱ŭƽϢʥ뵽͵سһͷ亹
һ㣬ɱǰСӡ
ǰСӵġ
һʥ׹Ҷ棡

ĲҽһɲǸʥҽУʥξҵĲ˼£ʧУسһֻǧɫۼ׵˫
ʱ˫βѣѪ
ܴ֮£ʥȻԳޱ塪ԣ
ЩѾʼεޣһսԳ壬񸲺ʥĴڣʹѾҪƴˡ
ޱȣһԳ࣬ʱͽΧһڴǱƵúһȦ
Щһﶼϼ޻֮ʱǸʥƴĻᣬһ£һЩʥԳ壬Ҳûá
ʥһԳ壬˶ûʲôһֱάźؾйŵƺʥܲˣ
ۼѷܣôٿıؾйţҲûκˡ
ٱȥսҪԪˣֻ˱ˡ
ͬһɲǣҽйԳĸʥŭˣҪƴǱƴǿ
ͷ˫һڣͣںϿյĸ춸طɻأǵصĳЩΧĸǿߣ
ͬһɲǣƺʥҲ֮ŭȻҪǾ˭ȥ˭õ˭ˣ
ŭУƺʥԭѪ˿߰ĺɫ⻪뿪ֻѪĺʬ塣
˿߰Ĺ⻪س΢΢һͷ׷׺ϲǧǧϰ١ٺʮ˲Ϣ䣬˿߾ͱʮ۴ϸĺɫ⻪Χʥ뾸ʥĴǣ
ǰƺʥһֱû֣ʥΪøĺˮ棬һֱ޷ʩչȫ
ʱȫ֮¡
˲Ϣ䣬ƴǣ
ͬʱŸĳȥ˷ĺˮʧȥ˿ƣͱӿ˺ǸǰƳǸأ
£ûʲô
ҪǣҶո뺣档
ңҶˮʱ򣬾ܱߣ
һ뺣Ҷͱˮϯų룡
ʱ˸һɫؾ֮ţ


965 ɱ
Ҷһľһ㣬Ϊǰ׹Ű޷ֻ˳йصĺˮй£
Ҷ汻ˮЮأйĺˮһٲһ㣬Ҷϡ
ֱӽҶ䵽˺ˮײ㣡
ҪǣйȥĺˮǸɫйϵɲǣˮȻһй롣
˷йĺˮ˾޴ѹйţͳ޴ѹͷſڡ
˲Ϣ䣬γһаͨ
йĺˮľаͨ
ĿǰΪֹҶ滹޷壬ֻаȥ
һĹҶͱǼӿİйţ˲ϢźˮһӿڷСйţ
ûƺʥ˶ͷѪǣɺѪйţʧȥ˺ѪҺĳ֮ڷٵСš
ĹѾǰ߰״СС״Сˡ
һĻǡɱҶıʥ˸ţҶ汻йŵһĻʥǿ
ǰӵ꣬жҪʥ
˵˵һ仰ֻҪҵܵˣΪͻٴδȵ˲Ժɨǡ
Ҳܻþ޴ĺôпΪήͷϵ
仰ǣԶ˵ԣǰ˵Ҫԣӹɣ
˵ʵ˴ŸؾڣʥȤ̫Ϊûеһ
ǣȴԲĿŶҪʧǰ
֪ؾ֮źʲô
Ҳ˾ʹһȥأ
ʲôԵ˸أ
صΪս˵ĿֲܹλʹʲôԵǻ˵ã
ͷӿϣʧй֮Ҷ棬ʥ˲Ϣ˾
ʱʥͷ׹鶸رٲһ׹⣬˲ϢͽʥȫסҴʥ˺Ѿˮסйţ
һɲǣʥҲ·׹һ㣬ٶȿ쵽˼£
׹˲Ϣ뺣棬ʱ
һˮʥٶȾͶر׹ˮеĴʱ׵˳ˮɢ䣬ķǳĴ
ͬʱеĽֵһڴǣҲʥľٶ
ǿɲΪʥȥ׷ǸбйŵҶģǿһĻɲǣֻһ뷨
ʥӣûժӣ
й֮ǰûȥ
ʱս˫ͬʱֳͣʥŭ
ʥϲҪģ
޳ܣ˵ˣ
ˣĴȥ


ŭһƬЩݺĺۣͷԸ󵺵ĵɲֻڵ
ŭУһϬֲֿޱȵĹ˸ոǱ뺣ı
ϼһɫ⣬ɷָһöȭͷСĺɫţģҪ赺ˣһȭһŵĻͷȭӡȻֱƿˮ棬ĺʥ
˵Ĺٶˣǲһһ˱
ֵĹӣٶϾͲһأٶȿûȳйţ
ΪصߣڵһɲǾͿ˴йĹ
ɲǣ͵شһ£
үҪȫˣ׼Ӷʣһ飡
쵰ҲڣҪ׷ǸСӣҪ
ŭ˰䣬ȻֹʥԼǳ߿յЩˣҪĻŹ֣
ͬһɲǣʥɷ赺˵ĹͲź
ȺģȴǸʥĸһ⡣
һɫ⻪ڿеٶȸ࣬һ뺣ٶȾͶؼӿ죬ҿʼٵ׳
˲֪Ŀֲȴ
ǸʥıǸԣ⸲죬ǸʥµƤȻһλˣƤ׵ĴԼ쳣Ǹʥ֮ϸʥľѪһ˿ơ
֮󣬼˸ʥıԽʥ츳ͨɱŴ쳣
һ£߶Ӳӣ½ϣʥƾⱦ׹飬ҲӦһ¡
ҪǣںˮС
ʥȻųƱֻΪϽ˵ƮѩһǿȨƵĴ֮һ
ºţȨƣǱ£
ԣ˺ˮУòˮᴦޣʵӰ죬ҲӰ졣
ȻʥԼһ㡣
ɫͷ׹һںɫ⣬Ѹٵǰ۳һںɫҫŵ׹ܣ
˵ǣ׹ֵɲǣ׹ܸĺˮȻϱߵ׵֮ƾյ˲Ϣںˮ·γһ
̣
ɫ׹֮ϣûκ죬ǷԲʮڵĺˮ˲ϢǷһҵ
ʥͷ׹Ĺ⻪Ҳһɲǳҵ˼£
ϧǣʥһϾִ٣ǲʥȫأһ֮£׹ܾȻûȫ飡
һɲǣźɷ⻪뻢ȭӡȺʥϣ
飡
ɷ⻪ɲǣ׶ӳ˺ɫ׹˲Ϣ飬ۼžܹشʥͬʱ׹鲻֪ʱȻʥͷƵؿڡ
ס˺ɷһǺɷŵĺ
סһǺɷŵĺ׹Ĺ⻪Ҳرޱȣವһɻʥڣ

Ļ㵴ĻХ쳹棬ٴǷһ룬ȻΪ赺һǻȭӡһ˶Ļͷӡǣ
ǿ֮£ǰǺѾեʥеǻȭӡʥӲĿµģ
赺ĵǿǰ벽Ŀֲڣ
ʥֻĹͷͣ·һɲһһ㣬ѪѾȪһӶǡڡп
Ⲣȫ
ǿߵĹÿһϸڣż侪˵ô
赺һǻȭӡԼԼĻߣ̺ƥɱε깥
һȭӡɲǣֹʥҲĬĬˡ
꺣ԴһŽһ㣬Ҫ޷֮£ʥڵľһɲǼͶ˴롣
ڴʱ߿յǿߴǷĹٶĵڶʥй
߰˵ֲޱȣÿһܽ˺ƬĹʥвɵ¶һ˿ǿЦ
뵽ֻ׷Уû뵽ɱ
ҲһɲǣʥֻǰⱩһ£߰˵Ĺ˲ʧΣ
ʥԼҲûûƹصɲǣ⺣׵İȻǵɫţ


966 ˵֮
Ҷ汻뺣׵йŵɲǣԶһ֮Уһֻ޴Զһͣǿɢ
ԱϵӣȴǱ˫ĿޱȵɲǣһӰشӽӱ
ӰֵɲǣǿֲϢ÷ԲʮﷶΧ˲ͱð˻ĺǣҲһɲǾֹͣһҶ
Ӱ˸˼£ӵ˫Уд˾ȣ
ʧˣ
СӵϢȻ׵ʧˣԼԼķλҲˣ
ô
ɻ֮ʣٴα˫ĿӰ˸ţϸĸӦһкеϢ
֮󣬽ٴ˫Удʧ
ûиӦ
ôʧأ
ӵ˫ЩĿա
һȵ̫ˣ
Ѿͷˡ
Դǰ·꼻һһĸӦһ˿ϢӾһֱڵȣһֱڵȡ
չأϢ֮ʱҲֳһŸӦ´Ҳĸ֮´ע
ף޵֮Ѿ֡
Ҫǣǵȣ֮ɳ׳УϢ㹻ǿʱܹӦ
ʱ޵֮սĵ
Ϊ̣Ҫʮꡢʮʮ꣬û뵽꣬ĸӦǵϢ
ΪһĴˣףʲôӦôˡ
֮Ǹһеߡ
ʵϣԴ֪Ϥ˺е֮֮Ͻһ֯ʵҲΪһ׼
ˣС⿴ŵ
ֻһصߣĿǰΪֹѾʮλΪڿҵİʹ
ƽأݺʱڣҲܹһλʹ˵ʮλ
ĳ֣һĪĿ־壡
úʱһĻĻ£ʱʱĸǰʱоѡ
£ӲŲ˲һеķ˵׷Ǹߣϧ˵ĸ
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Ϣʧˣѵ˵СѾȫƿػƿ˰˳ɵĺҪȻôϢʧ
˼һ޽֮󣬽鶸һȫƿһΣ
ҽӵʮߵϢ㾡˱ˣ㵱ҽӵıˣôռģ
˵䣬͵ҧָָ䣬ӿƳһɫƵıԴѪָһãһµ·ǵαԴѪڡ
쾫ѪԴ׷
һָǵӡ·ľѪһתһȦ෴ķͶȥҹУʱһѪɫǣ
׷
ŭ߳һԷһͷٵ׷ǵѪɫǣ

׷ͬʱĺսϿյĸ߲ǣʱȴǸĿɿڴˣһɲסˣ
ԭƺʥĺѪʱ򣬺γɵɫйţڼٵСš
Ҷ汻ȥʱ򣬾ѾСһ룬ű˳ƾɫ֮źɫ֮žѾС״Сˡ
һ֮䣬ɫйţע׵ʧˡ
ǣⲻص㣡
صǣ߰λܺʥһߵĵڶ
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ɲɵģǵڶˢˢĺɫйʧĵط
ǵطǡþǰ¹䣬Ӻظֳ̳ɽ壡
е߰λܣ͵һλΪǿ۷壬˴ǰ벽ǰΪսȻȸʥԲһ㣬ǣҲԲ
˵Ǻں׵һɽ£һɽҲܸƽˣ
飡
ʯɽ涯˲Ϣ䣬׾ͻˣ
ʥʥƺʥ˵۾ȴһɲͬʱˣ
ǡ
ȫһ²㣬Ļ쵰쵰ʥƿڴ
ߣºˣ˵ǽǴ˵еڣ񣬾̳ڣҲǳ׸ˣˣ
£ǶǰɣƺʥһЦһԵĸʥһȴļγˮ
ųֵǼλܣʱһΣ֣һڨЦֹֻʥǸҪģ˭롭
˭롭
ѵģ£ʲô̲ˣ赺һ˵
˭˵ģ
ڵģȴһĺɷʥСǽȥǴ˵֮𣿡
λӽ𣬾͸£һֱټϱȫΧˣ
٣ֻҪǱϷֶΣڴ˵֮طʲôһʺϷҲܽгʱ
ɷһʱ˴ͣԶԶԣעʥټͿԣˣǸص꣬ҲܷŹ
ΪʥǸͬʱȥǸ껹ܻ
һԣʥУƵ


967 ָ
屻ˮЮųɫ֮ŵɲǣҶ鶸һʶʲô
ȻڻԵɺϵ£ǸʥѾ˼ͷѪؾ֮š
һΪֲ벽ǿ۷Ϊ֮սĺؾ֮ţȻҶ˱ˡ
Ҷͷһֻ쳣ĸо
һɲǣҶǾŤһ鴤
ڵ׵֮ʹɢһɲǶָ˸оͿƣɬĺˮˢҼϱ۴ʹҶûвҽг
ҵǣɫ֮ԽԽСӿĺˮҲԽԽ٣ңӿĺˮؾйϣ˲Ϣȥˡ
ǿžʹʩչһǧ׹ڱӿĺˮվҶĿͿ˷⴦Щֲؾ
ƺǡһͨ
һۣĺˮٴοӿˮУһƺ
ʶģҶͻͷȥ
һûҶĻ
죬ң
һԥģҶչؾͨ߿ӣֻ޵ȡ
Ҷ淽Żͷʱ˱ӿĺˮִһߣߣȻʥ
ɱʥ
ںϣʥһߺҪҶʩչӰʥ޷ϢһУͲûҪҶС
ɾˣɺҶһ첲ǿֲ׵֮ҶʧȥƳϢʱ䡣
Ȼβ׷ɱҶܲ
ܵģҶӣ
һӣҶһ߰пࡣ
ô£
⴦ؾΪʹ˱ܿʥ׷ɱû뵽ʥҲ׷˽
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񣬽ؾֻͬص½֮ϣ½֮ϣҶûаʥǰı£
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ʱȥ΢һӦҶϲ£ǻʵĵ档
һɲǣҶһ̤棬˲Ϣ䣬ͷ·ɳַ·̶һ㣬һգ۵Ĺ򣬾ͽҶɣҶƾʧؾ֮ͨС
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飬ƺ̫Ծ
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ڷʥĵһʱ䣬ҶʵǱʥŵˣ֮һ񱼣ֻӵԽԶԽãҲûעʥӡ
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ҪȻҶ淽ſʥӰ֮󣬷ӦҲôҡ
ʥʵֻҪƻѹƣ߲̫ص£Ի׷ɱңǷ룡
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ԣʥѾʼˣѾ˵ҩϢڷɿĻָţ˿ڴѾѿʼ䶯
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ʱʥͻشڵĴ˼Ҷ֣֪
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£ܹüӦģֻҶڵˡ
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969 Դ
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˿ʥҶһԵˣȴǷǳʲô飡

׹ǱҶ汾ڿӿסˣ
һɲǣʥȵľ㵣ҶҲһ⡣
ܷ飬Ȼˣ
ô£
ʱ˭ûʱȥô࣬ʥڵһ꺣вдǵ߶˼£ͼ׹ȥ
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ʥڵĴ״һöһ꣬ԿԽɱ
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УҪ׹֪ʥʲôķ飡
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Ļ˧ļأ鱦Ǻ鱦ڶΪ̺бԴƵԭһû߶ƣ˲Ϣͻգǧ磬ҲҲ
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ĺ鱦һҪСˡ
ûӽ鱦ĺ֮ǰԲɱ鱦֮ǰˣǰ֮ǰļ֮鱦Կ˲Ϣգ
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һ˸ںɫͣõ׹··ǳ
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Ҫ翴׹·Ҷ浱ףͲôѾ
ͻȻ֮䣬Ҷżµ׹·ʲôˡԴƣ
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𿴶ŵƶ֣ڼֵ棬ѹûκοɱԣ
£ӦÿҶڵľϲˣ
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˲Ϣ䣬Ҷɫ⣬ǳˮһӿ׹ڣĹ򣬾ͽ׹ʥһɨ⣬ʼۼ׹Ĵöʥӡ
ֻҪ׹ĴʥӡҶܹԼӡӡȥõ׹顣
ҪǣһҶɫ⣬ȴ⵽ҵķ
ʥشǰ˺ںѾ£ʱûлԹȥΪ֮ǰҶһƾԭ
ƾʥ޷ֵҶɫġ
ǣʥȴԵ׹Ĵһ֮ԴƵһ
Ȼʥһ֮ԴƵƿȷǳСҲǳС
һΪȻ޷ɳ׹˺Ҷ棬ȴɵĽǵ֮ԴƵκ䵽顣
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£Ҷɫ⣬ʥǿƵ׹չ˳־õս
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һɲǣҶЦˡ
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źѪ׹飬׹ͷ·Ҷһ㣬ĶҶĵ츳Ѫ֮ڣ
̶̰Ϣʱ䣬Ҷ츳ѪڵѪ;׹֮ڣ׹Ҳ׵Ҷĵ츳ѪΪһ塣
ʱҶͻ룬ʱɵʥʲô
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ޱȵشҶĵ츳ѪΪһ׹ڷҶ澪ֵķ֣ڵɫ⾹ȻȫܿƵӿ׹ڡ
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ڱ仯Ҷ棬ѹûзֵ׹鷢ǿֲʱʥĲ԰ֽɫرޱȵľ֣
֮ͬʱʥ壬ҲҵĲʥĿƾҵĲ
ֲУʥԺ󣬾ȻһһСںɫ⻪
׹ԽԽǿ֮£һСںɫ⻪ʼٵת۵Ĺ򣬾ȻʥԺһߴ׵
֮ڣ׹ž죬ҫɢѶµ׵Ϣ
ɲǣҶ;Σǿߵ鸮ڵôܹأѵǡ
ҶһɻУʥͻȻͷһʹ˻·Ť黨һҵĳ鴤
ͬһɲǣʥԺֵһȻ׹ǰ֮£·һʺһ㣬Ҷ档
ɿĽӽҶֱ֮ӴҶԺ룬·עһ㣬ֱӳҶĵ츳Ѫ֮С
ʥ͵ڿ֧֮鸮֮һȻӲı׹עҶڣ
ʥʹ֪
ӵһ֮עҶڵɲǣʥϾͿʼѪŤʥɢѹϢҲʼɿĵ
֮෴ǣҶĵ츳Ѫڱһƾɿĳʵţ
ڳע֮£Ҷ֮һǰδۿɼٶȷɿɣͬʱҶΪҲڷɿţ


971 ʥĴָ
ʱ֮󣬵ҶѾںɫ׹˸̵ĵ츳Ѫʱһеĸо
ʱһ
ңʱɵɿʼߵʹﵽ۷״̬
ҶѾġ
ҶĹ۲죬ǿֱӽʥ鸮ڵ֮ǰ׵˹
ҶΪֱֱӽӵľһأ
ҶΪֱӴسسڣ
һеı仯ֻǰʱɵģ
ʥǿ˲֪ľӴ˿𣬾ͳ׵ĹҶˡ
һҶ֮ڵ׹飬Ͷط𣬸Ҷͷ֮ϡ
΢΢һߣһˮͰϸ⻪ʹ׹ڷɳҶοռ֮ϡ
˼׹ʱʧ
ˣö׹Ѿ׵ĹҶУ׹ڵǵ֮Դ֮ڣҲѾӡҶӡ
ʥӡ
ˣʥӡҲɢˡ
ʥǺʱģҶҲ
ҶʱʥѾˣ״ɲǸɽѪֱ
ȻʥҶƲš
ӦǱ׹ӲڳȡһŸ鸮ٶ
Ҷѹʱʥ궼Ѿɢˡ
Ψһ鷳ǣҶȻδ߶ʩչڵҶȴһŲ֪
Ҳѣ׹ڵǵԴƣҶڲ򲻳ƣǲķţҲǲѵġ
ΪĹҶͿԽ׹ڵ
Ҷ澪ϲǣ֮ǰľ׹ʩչʱȻܹȵ
ϧǣֻҶĸӦûʲôɹҶʲ
ͬʱҲǺ鱦ĺô
ΪǿĻҪ߶ҪӵӦΪܴ߶
ƷᦣҶھѹ߶ˣΪߴ￪ص̽߶ʱһû˸ʬ
Ǻ鱦Ͳһ
鱦ֻҪӡ֮ǻ龳ߣҲԴ߶
ߵΪ
ߵΪԽǿܷӳԽ
Ҫǣ׹ڵǵ֮Դƣڹʱϵá
׹ԾÿһϵŻΪ
о׹鷢ϵڽ׹鵽뿪׹У᱾ܵܵһ֮ԴӰı䣡
Ҷľףڸ׹֮󣬾ͷĸı䡣
ֻıĳ̶жҶ滹
ΪʲôֶҶ˼˰죬ҲûȻ
󣬸ɴ಻ˣҪҶԺ鱦˽⣬̫ˡҶԿ϶ǣ׹鱦йء
ֱһΪҶã͵վ𣬴һ
ѳɣΪͻƵ۷壬͵׼
һ뵽֣ҶɫͶؾ䡣
ŵϲһɲȫ˿Цˡ
ֱʱҶһҪ飡
ֱǿǣȴƻҶƻ
Ҷƻ鸮֮еκһУ鸮ϢԸ㡣
ڴ֮ǰҶɵĵһΪΪˮԪΪǻӰΪ
֮ʣµһľܴƻɾ鸮
ʱѾûжȴƻҶƻ
ǲ鸮鸮֮УǻȱľԲȱ
仰˵ҶҶƻʹ˸ϣ
ԶأǴأ
ҶЦ˼ϢͻرޱȻһлᣡ
ûжҿ뷨һ츳Ѫҵ鸮Բϣ
츳Ѫˮl츳ѪһҪõ֣
ֻõ츳ѪܹһԲ鸮
һµ׷ɱ֮Ҷõ츳ѪģԽԽ͡
ԭѾ뷨ΪŴԼһҲ̫
ڣ±ˡ
ûǿ츳ѪҶƻ鸮ͳ׵ˣϵҶ濪֮սǱһá
ڴ֮ǰҶ뷨뿪⴦ռؾǰˮlпõ츳Ѫ
֪ռؾʲôȻôĴ᣿һˣҶȲҪȥ̽һ
ҶĿɨԼĶϱ۵ʱ򣬾ͿЦ
֮̽ǰҶĵһҪˣ
֮һٵȥ̽δ֪֮ǰǰԼ״ָ̬۷壬пͳԼС
ʧһұۣҶսӰ̫ˡ
˵ģ˵꣬˫ͬڣҶͬʱ꣬һԪһ깥
ʧȥұۣһжܣ
Ҷ̵ʱԼĶϱ
£ϱΪѵģǿߣҪ֫ҲҪһҪҩһЩĹ
ֻнս֮ҶĿǰδŵս壬ɹֻ֮ҪҶ㹻֫κһ֣ܹٵ
ս壬ͨ£ֻ߲пܴս壬ҶĿǰûǸˡ
£ҶߣֻѪ嵤鵤ҩ֫
ǣѪ嵤⣬ǳڣֻЩΪ´󹦵ߣܹá
ȻҪҶ̣õѪ嵤ûκҶ
Ҫǻߣ϶ûˣֻʱֶϱ״̬Ҷȴһ
ΪҶһ̵֮ᦣ
Ȼǳ̵ĳԴһʥҩʥˮǣڣȴ̺һһֽȻͬ
ڵĺɫ֮ޱȣ֮˱ԴҪǳڵɫ֮ȴ׹ǣ
ҶƣǳֵңҪǣ߶ڵɫ֮Ĳ
Ҷ޷߶ᦵĺɫ֮ȴԴ߶ڵɫ֮ҲҶ洳Ҫ֮һ
ڴ߶ڵɫ֮֮ǰҶȴѾʥ־ͰʥĴָ
֮һʥĴָӦòٰɣҶ룡


972 ׾
̽뱼ĴָҶעģһ죬߶ʮʹӵеĺ죬ȴе
ʮʹĺ춼Ǻͨĺ죬죬ȴŽߣҪǣɢϢŨĺϢǿ
ҶԹһ£ⱼĺ̺ĺϢǰʹĺ屶
屶
ҶЦǶһ죬ǰõͨĺ죬Ҷƣڵĺܽһˡ
Խ࣬ҶԺĿԽǿҶԽȫ
ջ񣬾ֵˣ
ò˵ߵңǲһ㡣
ĴָڣƷ龧Ŀֻ࣬ͷҪǣƷ龧ĿȻ˰顣
һƷ龧൱һٿƷ龧Ʒ龧൱ڰ˰Ʒ龧š
Ҷ澪ȵǣĴָУղƵļƷ龧龧
Ʒ龧Ŀֻ࣬оŰٿңֵܼȴ൱һǧƷ龧
ĴָУֵģȴҪʮ鼫Ʒˮ龧һ鼫Ʒ龧൱һٿ鼫Ʒ龧һƷ龧һƷ龧
ʮ鼫Ʒˮ龧پ൱ǧƷ龧ңʵĽ׼۸񣬻಻١
֮£һǧƷˮ龧Ҳˣ
ЩջҶԾѣһʶݺĶǿߵĿֲƸ
Ҷڣǰǰնɱʮλߣϴ¥Ĳر⣬ǺЩĵر㣬ҲǧƷ龧ҵҡ
ǽңҶ࣬⻹ֻ龧
Ҫ֪ڣɽĿǿߵңҲƷ龧ҡ
ҶƣӦ뱼˾йء
Щ龧֮⣬ĴָУϡŹֵĵر
Ҷϵõϣͳʮ֣ʮƷĲϣڲʶڴĵرǾ͸ˡ
ЩҶȻһһЦɣ֮⣬Ҷջ񣬾һʽƷһˡ
˵Ϊ׾һǳۺϵؼ
ߴ˸ţɱٵδ߶似ط١
ǿٶߺΪֻһֻܹһˡ
ͬʱԿΪȺߵΪٿԹˣԹǧˣǳ
һֽ׶ݵΪķ߶ڼ̵ʱƶﳤľ룬ٶȣ׵ٶȣ
ʩչ׹ܣ
ٶȼ죬Σͷǳǿ
Ҫǣ۶ɵ׹ܣκνżǿķá
Ҷһ߿һ߲ԽԽϲڵҲԽԽָʹ
Щȫⱼ׾صķţڱ׾󣬻һ˷ʤ׹ⵯ
ս֮ʱԭ׵ĹȴͻȻ䵯䵽ϣ𵽳䲻ãǳ
ϧǣڱ׾ڣ׹ⵯֻһţȫƺ޲֮С
ҪǣЩ׾ߵķţǽ׹ʩչͻ
Ҳʥһڵߣѹ𾸺ʥĸԭ
һ׾ڣȻϵ似صȫ棬ʥ֮⣬ˣ
ҶԼԲ²ʥӦˣ
Ϊʥ磬һΪ۷֮ٴͻƣͱ÷ǳѡ
ôЩǿߵģĴУͱ÷ǳҪ
ʥڴԼڱ׾д֮󣬱׾ΪʥȥֻҪʥԸ⣬ɣҲ޿ܡ
ϧǣȴûд꣡
ȻҶѾ֪ˣ
Ȿδ걾ı׾ҶոɵǴʥֱӰģȫЩ似طҶѾĲ׹ڵ֮ԴƣͿԷӳǿս
ƾЩҶսԴǣ
Ҷãٴʥĸ죬˵ӳȥĿء
Ȿ׾ǼʽƷˡ
ʵޣǰҶնɱİʹУҲ˺üһ͸ʯ
ʥʽĺûãһֱûӡҶޡ
ȻʽҶãƾĺܹ޵ӵ
Ȼԭ򣬻Ҷ淢Լͬʱ߶츳
ҶǰĴҲŹⴸûͱʥˣȱٳֵʱֺˡ
ϧǣҶұ鱼ĴָҲûзֺͼһĶҶЩź
ָᵯһŵɳ˲Ϣͽʬ廯˷ɻҡ
Ϣ֮СèشҶ滳зɳĶܣΪҶ滤
Ҷ沢ûмˣȿʼһĺϢԽ⿪ĸӡ
˱֮⣬̶ԽߣҶԵľˮԵĺԽ֮࣬˵ٶԽ졣
һ֮ϱߵĺϢʧ죬Ҳɻ˵İɫ
ҶĺĽ̶ȣѾǰһɰ룬࣬ɰ뻹һ࣬ȣԳ֮һ
ҶѾܹӦޱȵĺˣ
ʩӡ֮󣬾ͱҶӽ˴ָ
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䣬̸˺ᦵĳᦣشҶԺɳԭ߶ᦵɫ֮ʵľˣҶȴûľ
֮УˮľԣˮҲԴ߶ᦣ߷ᦵɫ֮
߶ᦣãҪ߶ɫ֮Чͷǳˡ
ҲҶҪԭ
һҶʼδġ
ҶǳԵĽһƺ˳ڣû뵽ھȻ˺ɫ֮
ɫ֮Ҷĺʮϡ
ҶЩæҵĽɫ֮ϱ۴Ҷ˷ţұ۶ϱ۴ٵĿʼһۿɼѿʼ䶯ϵĹͷѿһ㣬ʼ
ڵɫ֮Ȼǿ󣡡
ںڵһƺȻܹʮɫ֮ⳤᦣƷ
ںڵĺƷףжߣҶǳɻڴ
Ҷ֪ĺȫʱ򣬺׻жǿ
ϱ飬Ǽʱġ
ˮĥڳᦵɫ֮£Ҷųһֻȫµİޱȵұۣ
еճӤƤȥǳۣǿȣȴҶȫκһط˵ǸֵǱȥһӡӶ£
һᦾʹҶĻ꺣֮ڣҶȴ͵վķ·һ˼ȭȷԼұûκ쳣֮ռؾͨȥ
ҵҪʥܱǿƴռؾڣʲô


973 
ǰռؾͨڲֻʱѹûʱעͨκǰ̽ȴжˡ
ͨǳĿԼףɣͨ༫ӲҶʵҲκӡ֪νɵġ
ȴͨ㣬ҪȻҶ淽Ҳݲȥˡ
Ҷž㵵ķ֣ͨϣȴޱȵצӡӡצӡӡ湹һֵĻơ
Щצӡ޴ٵģҲһ׼һӡǰ󳬹ʮϡ
ԣЩצӡӦЩ;޴µģ١
Ҷϸıҳʮϵȫͬӡ
˵дΪǿ޾
Ҷýһ׾͸סҶ档
룬Ҷϸ۲֮£ͨǽϣһЩսĺۼǽڱɺںɫѪ
ͨĩˣҲǴǰҶңң˸ĵطȻһ峤׵ľ޴޵İ׹ǣ
ʲô
Ҷ滹ûüϸ۲죬Ϊĵһӿ޴ķ޵İ׹ǣʱͻ˷ɻң
ֱ֮Ӹɻңôռؾźܳͷûˣƣǧϣ
ǿ޵ĹͷȰֻҪͰٱһ£ð𣬾ǧ꣬ҲѸɻˡ
ףǰ滹У
Ҷ漲ǰͿǰͨڣÿǧףͻһ޴ʬǣ˵ǣҶ滹˼мʬǣ
һȥǸԶԶǰ˸ָʬ壬ʬ壡ԽӽǸ磬ʬԽ࣡
ǰѹһ׹ǵ磬ҶͷƤЩ飡
ﵽʲôȻô׹ǣǧ߰ɣ
ҶƵǣǴ˷Ĺ߰Ϣһ㣬ҶǰĲһ΢磬ʱһϯͨ
֮Щ״ҵʬǣͳͳһϢ֮»˸ɫɫĹǻҡ
˲Ϣ䣬ɳ죡
һУҶֻԭؿЦ
ΪڷţһʬָϻһöָҪȡооû뵽һһоȫΪ˷ɻҡ
öָϵĺָָ
ʲôǶ೤ʱ䣬ܹЩǿ޵ʬǡߵĴָܻɷɻң
һ˲䣬ҶԴɻ
ǰУǰûãҶͻȻ͵ͷ忴ȥ
֪䣬Ҷ洩·Ȼʼٵķֽ⣬Ѹٻ˺ɫĻҽҶ淢ֵĿ죬ѸٵȫҪȻҶͷüëʱ¶Ҫɻҽˡ
ߣʲôҶһĽš

ͻأҶ໤СèһʹĵͺҶ濴ȥɲǣٴδһ
СèëǰɫëȻڻıڣ·һεʴһ㣬飬ʱҲʹޱȣ
ʱҶɫ䣬ֱӽСèУԼı֮ڣСèʹ⣡
״ʲôε
Сè״ҶҲǰһֻͣԭأһ֮Уȫ߶Žͨɫ߶£Ӧһռڵκα仯
ϢҶĶŸоһ԰ɫĹ㣬һȻ
ЩǳϡĲ԰ɫĹ㣬Ȼǿʬ塢ָΪɻҡСèΪʹԪף
ҶĸӦУ԰ɫĹ㣬ȻɢϵĲϿ϶һַǳǳǿĻϵ
жǿأ
ҶĸӦ֮Уһ׷Բ֮УͽƮϰٸԪеİɫ㡣
ͨ£һ׷Բ֮ƮԪ㣬мʮ˵Ҳ
࣬ʵϣȴǳС䣬ûκ˺ǺڣҲûκӰ죡
һٸɫĹ㣬ƮƮĹУȻܹĶ࣡
׼ȷ˵Ƿٻ٣
Ҷһ飬ԼָڵǰвϢʱ䣬ͿʼȻ󻯳ɷɻң
԰׵Ĺڣ̺м侪˵Ļϵܣ
Ҷóĵۣ
֮ܵ˺Ҷ·˷ɻңҶ汾û£ΪҶ洦׵ı¡
Ҷ޳ԭΪս׼ÿʱ
ԻĵֿǳǿԲųҶûκθоСèȴܲ˵ԭ
ңҶĸӦУֲ԰ɫĹ㣬ԽռͨߣԽŨ
ҶԶ϶԰ɫĻ㣬ӦþǴռɢġ
ѵ˵ߣƷ׼ߵĻ棿
һˣҶ涸ؽ״߶£ͨ˸ĵط첽ȥ


974 صĺ
̤µİɫǻңҶ浽ﵽͨͷһɫĹĻͨһ㣬ب
ɫĹĻǳĺأҽṹҲǳ֣ӦһҶδγɵػĻ
Ҷ波£ɫĹĻǳǿ
һ֮£ɫĻȻ˿Ҷ֮£ɫĻɢһȦȦƺ
ֲܿͻָػĻĴ·϶е֧֣
ȥ
֣Ȼܳ٣ҶЩ£֮ǰʥûˣôҶӵ֮󣬿ܾǾ·ˡ
֪صܹܲȥ
һҶɳһٵĳصס
Ϣ֮ҶγɫػĻڲɫػĻֻ˵صʮ״Ҷ֮ɵԽ
ͷոմɫĻڵĿռ̽ɲǣҶʱס˺ݳĶҲޱȣ
ʬ壡
ɫĻڣǱͨڻҪʬ壬ߵʬΪŲپ޴ʬ壬˵ĵ
ߵظ䣬ŲҪı
һ˵ʬ壬ҲҿʬѾȫ˰׹ǣҪȻǾһ޵
ˣҶ浨ѣﵽ׷ʲô£
Ȼôߣ
ͨڵǰ֮ҶĶޱȵСģκһĲǰһĻ׵Ļˡ
Ҷͨ˿켣֡ҳһߡ
Ϊô߻۽
Ҷλĵص𣬻ߣͻȻ䣬ҶĿһ
վڵϿȥҶͻȻͿⷽռм䣬˾޴ռԼĪʮ﷽Բİ˽οռ䣡
Ļ֮ڵĿռ䵽ʬϹǣʮ﷽Բİ˽οռڣȴǿտҲʬǶֲˡ
󷨣
Ҷжϳǰʮ﷽Բİ˽οռһ޴󷨣Ҷ澪ȵǣϸȥƺ˷ʬ壬ƺΧ˽󷨵ܱ߶ġ
Щʬ壬ʬǵķԲƺڼĽӽ˽ε󷨣
Ҷ滹˺ü׶ͯʬǣ
δ׶ͯôҶӵɻ
أҶĿͻڶʬ֮пһ΢΢İƴСĺɫƣҶĿϿȷǿӦûδٻ
΢ҶһּٶǿɫƷȥ
һɲǣҶͿЦ
ȻٶȺжһǴɢһʬǡ
ʱռھͷ·Ӧһ㣬еʬǣһɲȫݳɻңͷ·һɫһ㡣
ʬǣڼ֮ڣͱһصİ׷ۣ
ãƻڣ֪ûʲôõϢϱߵİɫǻң죬Ҷָϸһץ΢΢ơ
һץ֮£Ҷ治ɵȻ
Ȼץжأ
һҶ˼ƣȥһ鷺ơ
Ϣ֮յҶ棬Щٵɿ˫֣һĴ鷺Ĺơ
ҶȻޣĴԭһĿߵĻҪ˾µĽǣȻûɽĴ
ǽ֮£ӶһǧСɽ壬ûκһģ
Ҷ𾪵ǣʱƴȫȻ޷СС˿
⿴ȥ۵ƣжأ
˵Ҷһǧ֣ôȱһһǧٶֵĶҶǰҶ᲻ȴǾԿԻζģ
ͺͨˣٽٽζһ£ʱǿԵģ
ڣȴ˿
仰˵ɫƵпһǧֵ屶߰˱࣡
֮£Ҷϸ
˹ӶµĻƣûκεԹ룬ҲԹ롣
ҪǣȻҶŵĻ˧УѵĻ˧ĵر֮УȻҲɫƵĲϣ
ҶЩϲ
˵ģƾһ㣬ɫƾǱ
ԿܲսָһɲǣҶͰΧһɫƣ
˻
ʮϢ֮Ҷٴεһ
ȻҲŲɫơ
ָȡƷ£ǳɣֻҪ㹻ǿصĶһɽҲܹսָǰɫƣȻղȥ
Ҷĺ棡
ȻԽУԣ
һɲǣɫʱӿɫ֮С
𣡡
һҶĳ»䶸ع⻪һĺɫʱʧԭأҶ棬ǰ͵طڣԭشһģûһͷԵڵأ
ҵү⵽ʲô⣬Ųһ£Ȼҵɫĵ˰˳ϣҲһݽ߶ԣ
ҶָһĳԾ
ôҲ벻ͨƴСĺɫƣȻصֵز
ҶǿƷʼߵɫⰡҪǻһĿɫᣬµͻˣ
Ҷٴ˳»ϸĴĺɫ۲˺һᣬôԣûзκ쳣
һͨĺɫƣȴ˵˼㡣
۲˺ð죬Ҷ淢֣ƱĻƣƺһǳϵ֣Ҷ֮ɫʶҲΪĻ˧УƵ壡
Ȼˣͽкưɣ
Ȼûз֣ҶͲپƣպΪߺо˵ʲôջ
ȻҶ沢ûмڳϥ˰죬ǰĵİ˳ɵָ˸߰˰ˣǰ̽
Ҷϣмǿʮ﷽Բİ˽οյأȷʵһ޴󷨡
ȥңøϡ̵·Ƕһ̵̣ĲϣȻȫƷõĲϡ
֮࣬Ҷǳ۲ȴûκΰ취
ңҶ沢ͨ󷨣ѹϲʲô󷨡
ΣҶֻܽģ·ȫ¼һ֮УԺȥ֮ʻ³㣬ϲʶ󷨣
֮⣬ǰⷽռڣ˹ǻһǹǻҡ
˽ǴҶǰ̽ǰĿռ俪ʼխֳһΪͨͨϱߣȴûκεʬǣ
ǰԼʮһ·ڵɲǣҶͷͻȻ޻ȼ
⽫Ҷһ
ӿȫ˸ʵʵûлð
ϰٱ
ǲ԰ɫĹŨȣȻǰǸͨŨ˺üٱҶ˫ĿϸĸӦߣ
ǲ԰׹ӦԴߵͨ
һɲǣҶȻתߵͨҶ֪ͨﵽʲôȻɢ˾˵İɫ㣡
ߵͨЩۣԼʮľʱҶֻǰһͻȻͳһƬɫ̲Ϳ
ϸһƬɫ̲Ϳ˼ۣҶɫͻش䣡


975 
Ҷ𾪵Ĳɫ̲Ϳǰɫ̲ͿϿ⡣
ҲҶ淽ͷ޻ȼҶľѣϸĹ۲죬ΪԶ֮²ŷǰɫ̲Ϳ⡣
ѵǡ
֮ʣҶ沢ûмǰɫ˳ʱͽԲһ֮ڵĲ԰ɫĹǿоۼһ

԰纡ǵĻ⣬ʱҶǰƾԾһţҶĴӳ»֮ȡһõıŲ԰ǵĻһ̽Ϳٵ˻
ջˣǲ԰ǵĻ⣬ȴҲճ˱֮һ
Ҷ˦˻޷ϨⱦϵĲ԰ǵĻ⣬ǽرֱӲµУγʱ򣬲԰ǵĻ⣬֮һڱȼա
׻𣡹ȻǸ׻𣡡
Ҷ飬һɲ𾪵˼£ֱĿǰ⸽׻ķٻֱһ̲ˮָ
ôһƬɫ̲Ϳȫĸ׻𡭡ǰҶʧ
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ǣȴһ㲻ʮ
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׻ʣĻԷԲȵ֣Ѿˡ
ˣ׻ҲΪʹޡ
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˿̵֮£⸽׻亱
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ĸ׻գ֮ͿԷٸֻҶĵй֮޲Ӧ˵Ҷĵ
Զǰɫ̲ͿϿ⣬ǲĸ׻ǲ԰ǵ׻׻ĳ״̬㲻ϣ
׻ǧʼɣ
ô˵ĻĿռ䣬ٷǧ꣬ĸ׻Ѿȫ״̬ˣ޳𾭵ļУ׻Ҫγ⣬ǧ꣡
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һǰɫ̲ͿϿ⣬Ҷ࣬͵ؾһ£Уϲɫ
ҵ޳𾭵ĵڶŻӣһƷʽܾҪ⸽׻֮ˡ
޳ǴϹŵĹûоĹƷףǣȴԸҶĻƷ׵ĸߵͶν
ֻҪҶܹһŸ׻ӣӽ󲻿ʩչڶǿĻ棬ɹ֮ҶҲдȵ
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ȻƷ׸ߵĻʱǳΣգһҪСĵģ
ռؾҵĸذʥջ˺鱦׹飬Ȼֺĸ׻صĺƣѹͲʲôˣ
ţҶӿȫ»εģĽӽǸ׻İɫ̲Ϳ
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ҶڷٵĽӽţǰɫ̲ͿԽԽҶڵʼٵģ
ľ룬׻ɢ˿ֲĸ£ɿҶ滤
ˣٽͷǳΣˣȻԶıȽϴ󣬵ɫ⣬¡
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һȻһ㸽׻Ȼ޳еطϸӡ
һһҲõˮĥԣҶǳСģ
ɫٶȼ죬˲ϢͿ˽ľӽǲ⡣
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Ҷ治˷ɫ⣬һ߶һ¥ɫ;н˰ƴһŸ׻һɫʹһŸ׻ٵĻس
ҲһɲǣҶüͷһ£зŸ׻ɲǣҶͻȻһֵĸо
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ͻȻ䣬Ҷͫ׾˼£
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գ۵Ĺһֻ˸ŰɫĻˣʹֻɭɫӣʱĶҶ棬˳ޣ
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ŭ߳һҶڽһŸ׻ɫһɢҶתӣ
Ҷͷǻͱˡ
ò׷⼸ǧɵĸ׻û뵽ﲻ˸׻𣬻츽׻顣
κ飬ֻҪһɣǾʵңսԱͨǿ߿ֲ
ǰ츽׻飬Բֳ飡
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ʱҶ澪ȫǲݵľ棡
Ҫǣһ·ӵķտռ䣡
Ҫ
ȻˣҶڵһʱ䣬ʹ߶׹鷢˸ոѧûõ
䣡
һ߹⻪ؾʹܳʮ
ǣǵɫ˿һ˸Ҳܳ˽ʮľ룬ɫ֮ͨʱͱͨ죬Һ֭Ӷ£һ产˵ĺɫҽ


976 еĺˮ
ͨڣ߰Ĺ⻪˸һܾǽʮһɫ⣬ȴҧ׹֮ڷ׷׻ҽ֭۳һСϪһҽҶ׹ⱼڶȥ
ܿģҶʹܵ˷ŵǸ·ڡ
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ͷҶ沢û̫ʱ俼ǡ
νǶһ£͹սδĲ·ڡ
֮ôѡԭܼ򵥡ԭ·أҶѾԤԼ³
ʮа˾Żᱻ츽׻ճɻңǸǰռؾɫػĻ֮ǰ
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ǸΪ֪Ĳ·ڣһδ֪·пǾأҲп
ν޾֮·ҶĿǰֻƴˡ
ȻҶ·ڻûеʱ䣬ֻԿһɲǶѣ˳ƹսǸδĲ·ڡ
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ԥģҶֱӶ˳»ϵĳ»ܡ
ս߼츽׻ǰҶ治κεĽңΪвǾʬ޴棡
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ԭҶΪԵĶԽԽǿ׵ԽԽ
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ǣ츽׻壬޷ֹĲһ£ڿде壬زܿƵĵ䵽
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ⶫֻҪԸ⣬Աóκģһӡ
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УҶͻƵĺһ󴮾ףȻ˫͵һΣĸҶϢһģһӰشҶڷֻ
һļӰִǶȣͬʱͨӶȥͬʱһƬ޵ͨɢͨԻ
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ҶοǣĻ˧أǣܵ£ǰ츽׻鲢Ǹ𼸸֮һ
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Ȼ໿һߣ
ǰͨ׷ֱ߽Ҷ׷ģҪһҶӰҶ£츽׻ͲͣͨбǣͣķҶȡ˴ʱ䣡
һ߿񱼣Ҷһ߲ͣķֻӰ
ÿԶҶҪֻһӰû취츽׻ٶ̫ˣ
ܿģҶǾͷ
̶ʮϢʱ䣬ҶͷֻʮӰ
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Ҷ潹ֵɲǣǰͨһڣƺͨľͷҶɫرѿޱȡ
Ҫǵ˾·㣿
˵ãֻ취ص꣬굽صܱܲܿһ׷ɱ

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죬ڲˡ
Ҷ˴һ㣬ͨ·ˮһӿĺɫӰ͵һԾ
ԾˮеɲǣҶʱͳڶβзľڣˮˮıʱҶȫ
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ĺˮҲһɲǱҰɫ˸͸
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һɲǣҶĲҽ

ǸĺˮĹˣ


977 ˭Ĳ
һΣҶ波˲㱻ζ
츽׻ŭ֮ȫʩչ֮£ͨ뺣ʼԲʮĺˮֹǷڣ¶˲Ϣǧϡ
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һʱ䣬ҶǰĺˮͻǺˮеĸࡢϺֱӱǧȵĸ¹˺Եʡ
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Ϣ֮Ҷܱߵĺˮ¶Ƚ䵽Χȴֵ˻Һ
̵ͨƤɬĺˮʹ࣡
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ޱ޼ʵĺˮ
ǽ⺣ˮ֮Уȴģпܾǳʧ
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ҶһɣӦǻص֮ϣҶʱռؾĺôѶӦǸӦʯϢڿתһȦ֮ͻ»صҶС
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һµĺˮִһⶨҶϥںϣ˵ҩ֮󣬳ᦵشԺɳһɫ֮ʹӳӿҶ֮ϣ͵
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ǧȵĺˮ˼Ȼʱ伫̣Ҷܵˣʵصġ
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ƻָĵһʱ䣬Ҷ⻪һٴԾ˺ˮ֮УƾԺеļ䣬ʱķ׷ѭ
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ΪʲôҪǣԭܼ򵥡
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ֱҪ뿪Ҷŷһ£ûкͼ
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ǳɲǣҶ꺣׹鶸طɳͣҶ֮ϣ߶֮£׹ʱ׹ӿγһ©Ƶ׹©Ҷȫߡ
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ð䱼
һϢضǿ׹˸ͷһö׹Ĵڣ˭
Ҷ²İʹȨĿڹУǾͷ׹飡


978 õ
ԴҶһɱʮʹ֮˵İʹеʹһӱһӣ
˵ʱҶҪʯİɷɱһӵİʹҶĵӣҲȥɱ
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ģҲˡ
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Ҷʲôˣ
ѧŸλͷѧ֮ģ֮׷ƣ׷ơ
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һֱҶһ㡣
ԣʹԼӽɲǣҶһ׹Ϲ⻪һ˾ͻһ߰Ĺ⻪ӭʹ

Ǳ־Ե
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ҵʧٵıˣ
죬˴ѶϢҵ˱ˣ
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ʵϣʧѾˣôҲϵϡ
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伸λʹ˶ԣʧԳܣҪҪʹһ˶ڵء
Ǿһλǿɾ˲õĴˡ
һλ˵ž޴Ĵÿһλ۰һܣΪսһǿͬȼߡ
ȻֻпڵΪӭսʥǿߣȴһҲ
ԣѶĵڶ죬˾͸Ѳ֣ơİʹǣӷһѰұ䣬һз֣ʱ֪ͨˣ
ǰһĻ
ȵȣҪŷѾҵ֮󣬵õ⼸ʧٵϸϢٷҲ١
ϾԶһѶȥܵСĹܴأһȥһʹ˵
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ηɰ׵˽⣬ҶҪǸӦˣηɰ׷ὣ׷ɱ
ˣ۰ɣ㿴ûҵķϣͲƽˣѪң
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û뵽ϵһ죡
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㻹˵Ǹõطûһ꣬ҾͻƵ˿ΪѾߴ￪ء
ǸϻΪأһȥԺʲôѵң;ˬηɰײĴЦ
ΪѹҶͷǷݳĸжʱɢֶ¶µĸоת
һ꣬ʹͻƵ˿νϰ㵽ôͻƵģҶһĳԾ
˸˵뿪ʱѾ۷ˣ˵ηɰ¶һ˿ЦСӲҵ츳Ѫɣ
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ηɰô˵ηɰΪͽɻҶͷ⿪ˡ
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£ҶͽԼõкʱ飬ηɰ׽һͨηɰ׿ϧѡ
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ҲˣܹѾ޺ˣܹԿصΪնɱصߡشصߣֱ뺷ս츳㣬Ҳ֪ˡηɰ̾
ԣҶæ׷˼䣬֮䣬һصΪͷǳηɰɵ鸮Ӧòô
ηɰõĽƷһ㣬Ҷ֪ηɰôӵ˱뺷սġ
һ֮̽Ҷȴֻ̾˵ηɰֱ͡
ηɰӰŷõĽõķصĵͬʱԼ츳Ѫ٣ѡ١
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ڵĻ˧֮Уʮǿ鸮֮УԹۣҪҶĿǰ׼鸮ǿһأ
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ηɰ׷ʣҶȻýһηɰһһġ
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ΣյҲģ˵ǰģҪûңⱲӣҲͳ׵ˣηɰ̾
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˳ȥڵĴҩøʮСƵģǽһˮۣ
ԣҶͷһܣһֱĴǷ
ѵõǣܼȻڸĸǰТҶмޱȡ
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ңӦûǿҶϣҪȻηɰӶӣ½ԪεĿɲǷˡ
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пܣΪǿˣҲȥ֮⿴һһ˳ȥѰҲµ䣡Ҷһֽ૵˵
ҲҪȥ
ηɰ׼ʶ˵仰˵ʱ򣬲ŸоЩֵֹġ
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Ҷı֮ηɰײμӣǲɿصıࡣ
νϰҵ˼ˣҵ˼Ӱ纣ڸڣؼʱ򣬿ԳӦҡ
ҪǣһвԣҾͻӻغУȻĽӦ룡Ҷ˵
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һɲǣҶ뿪Ӱ纣󣬳
УҶ»һҳһ鳤Լ׳ʽĳɫ
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תУһؽڰĳɫʼ䣬һȦһȦķ˷ÿһطɳȥĳɫ⻪Ŀ˼㣬˳ǣÿһڳɫ֮Уͣɢһ겨
Щɳȥĳɫټ죬ǰʱ䣬ʧҶУУֻһȭͷС飬ɢĴĿ⻪γһŭӰ־òɢ
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ͬһʱ̣ҶͷĸԵӡ͵شʹһ£ʥҲˣϷҪˣҶЦ


984 Ϲ
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һ֣ʮλʹÿ˵·ǽ䱸̬ȴûκεķɡ
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ĸıԴӡǣӦҶڵλãҶͲںˮ·
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罣ֵɲǣվ;ҵĲձݿʼŤ·һĳһһ㣬򸲺죡
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985 ùĽ
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һ˲佫λΪǿȫ䱸İʹĥ⣬ȱԸʥΪҲ
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ģλʹͬʱȡ
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һɲǵĹ򣬾нϸСĽɫڽҶĸӦУˣʱҲһ
Ӧͳ򽣵Ľ֮ͳ˧һ㣬쳹ء
ЩɫһԲʮ֮ڵ䴩ɢ
·Ĵ󺣱棬ڲͣ¼һ㣬͵ˮͣ汻⽣һͷ·һ㡣
ʥȻҪ˿սϷʹ˽ˣֻǣɱڣ˵⻰ʱ򣬽飬ޱȡ
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仰òԴʵĸʥˣ֪Ӧôˡ
ɴģʥһᣬŭڣСˣֻã
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Ҷͻس˼Ϣ֮ҶſЦƽʱûôѻش𣬲Ϊ߲嵶屡죬Ҳеģ
ȻҲһϾƣԣ飬ǧǧľͺã
һģ
ʥҶ˴Ĵָƾ仰ʥͿԶ϶СҲһĺӡ
ʥĿȴвͬʥΪ飬ҲҪά
άҶЩ⡣
죬ʥΪʲôҪ֮ѯǸϹſռ飬һСά
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Ҷ潫Լ뷨ʥ⳶˼䣬ɻʥ˵Ҫάû
ǣҲףʥΪʲôҪĶҶĳ˵Щأ
ԣʥصĿҶһۣΪʥͻȻһ󵨵뷨
ʲô뷨
ʥһѧҶǰܾ˵ȥˮͨµģҡҡͷҶ棬׵ġ
״Ҷ۾һɣֱᣡ

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ҶֱӴ㵱
ЦУʥԶСӲϱʥɣ
İɣʥ׷㣬Сһ
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һֱӿȵСè죡
ʶģϰԵģҶ˫ǰһ£ͻסǰߵηɰ׵
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993 ηɰ׵Ĵֱ
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ηɰƽȹԿɣֻԼ£ǽ֣Ҷŷ֣ηɰ׵ĺϸǸͦؿڣǴٵ㣬ǾĻˡ
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ţ׵߳ҶһҶ滹ΪηɰҪὣ׷ɱأ
ɺˣĬ˼Ϣ֮ηɰͻؿڣҪСˣΪ̫ߣǺ뻢ıƤһСģͻᱻƤͷ̸һ˿ʣ
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нϰˣֱŤģʦͬţУλҲһڵ뷨λݱһԺͽҡʦɣηɰͻؿ˵
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ޣûûûô᲻Ըأʦ㣬ǲԵȲǣҶæӦǡ
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˵ţҶͽǰĺսǸģԼܱǿߴͬʱΧ飬ȫηɰ׽һ顣
ʦ㣬ȻǶǸռؾ֮˿أĸǿ߲ϧ˺ƤĶǵҪԿ֪
ֵĶûãǣҾԿԴΪǽףҶŵ˵
ηɰ׵Щأ뷨ϣ湦طԲûн֮
Ϊβ֪ͬҲ֮ͬвµıӡЩǿߣ˵н֮أ
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ÿճ˴̽Ϣ֮⣬ǰյÿڿļ룬ںѰҸָϡĵرԻȡճ裬˳׼һЩԱѰҶ档
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˵䣬ηɰֽһµƿݸҶŵװģָЫĶҺǸһռƿһƿȥã˵ɶʱܱһأ
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󣿼ûСôôˣηɰ׵۾һɣмңȰGǸ϶ĴָҴ򿪣
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һȺٺһŮˣ׷˲˵ʧʮһȺ
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ڴͬʱСèϣηɰ׽ŽɵĽӹҶݹĴָһԾ֮ɫҲƲסıӿһּȹĿҶ棬·ʶҶһ㡣
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Ʒ龧ôࣿҵ죬ҲʮƷ龧ɣ
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ˣˣȻô龧Ʒˮ龧ʮ飬Ҷ棬²õħԪûˣô༫Ʒˮ龧ܶˣ
ϼһҿ࣬Ǹɢ޵ϻһʱҵ˼ʯŻһƷ龧ﾹȻǧ飡
ˣǷˣһҹˡһ߲鿴GĴָηɰһ߷ƵЦҶЩȡ
ηɰ׵˼Gң֮˾֮һıһҪ࣬һϡ

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ۿƷмʮƷȻҲңףӣУЦţηɰ׵˳˴ָȻͳҶ漷˼۾Сӣǲˮˣ
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˵䣬һʵκӾͳηɰУκϣĵŲʮ
ʮηɰȻסֻúһֻ֣ץס
ηɰ׵ǱĴ֣˲Ϣͱһı˪
⡭
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һ˿й¶ڵĺ׵ķ˷Ҷ⡣
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995 Ⱥʾ
ɷⶼʲô⣿Ҷľηɰ׵飬ЩãȻ

ηɰ飬Ҷͻ޴ӽ͵ı飬Ҫһһ춼˵ꡣ
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ηɰ׾֮࣬һףͽץŵĺҶ棬·һ΢ʯͷһ㣬ȻôǾ͸Сӱˣ㱻ɱˡ
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ηɰ׵񾭣ǹģ治ùŶɷ⣬ҪǴȥϢܹЩڡ۷ĴܴԴ
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ᣬȻܹ׸Ҷ棡
ⶫʺҶ棬Եݰɣ㻹˵ɷʺˣǰɷηɰˡ
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ˣʦ㣬ڿԸң㵽ôеĶ𣿡Ҷ⡣
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ˣҶЩɻ
G϶Բ֮ҹҪҸ˫޵ʱΪҾͷȼһ¯Ѭ㣬Ҳ֪жˡ
˵ǣҵĺѹƶⷽ棬óĿǰûд󰭣Ӧܹɣηɰں˵

ʦ㣬ԵʱϸĲ쿴ˣȻ֪ǶʲôǾ嶾ԣȴǿƶϳ£²ܽⶾĻ㽫ö
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ʥ˵ҶȴǱķһۣʥҪиŸɵʵͲᱻ뵽ɣ
ȺʾȻǾʥҪҸϳȥĴ֮
˵ţҶĿ͵ؿ˸ʥʥǺܻĳ⣡
ôʵҪʲôĳ⣿ƺʥ
ҶηɰͬʱһۣЦ
ʱʥʥƺʥɫͬʱ䣡


996 뻢ıƤ
ףȻף
ϼһﱣ⣬ôУ
ھʥʥ̲סʧһƺʥҲʱѿޱȡ
һеԵɣȫηɰжöԲ򡢰ɢľϢĹŹ⡣
ԭףҶĵ
ʥʧɫ⣬ηɰ״GĴָҳģֻôһö
ηɰóʱ򣬾ͽҶ˰ĲʶĳɫƷףҶȴ
Ȼ̬Ҷ濴ıʣƷףȴҶĵҪһס
ǸǳĿֲ
ҶĸӦУͷС׵̺ľĻҶȫļʮܺ͵ѹ
Ǳ֪
ο˿ѷ߸̺µ·
ʱҶһʮа˾Gı֮ǿߵııжǿ
ҶʱҲûηɰѹס
Ҷһ·ϸԤ̸еĹпֱֵܻʡ
ȻҶԤĿֵܳıʣηɰһһоƽ֮
ĺôʱֳˡ
ʥѹҶηɰص۵
ԱΪԻΪвѾ·磬ں̸У÷ǳı
õķܹԷ㹻ļɵΪˣҶηɰ෽
ħԪ㹻ǴħʸҪʮϢʱ䣬һʼۣܻ޷Ԥϵĺ
ôѲ⵫Կвʥףõѡ
ʱҶηɰ׼Ϸ룬ֱס
˵ı鷴ӦҶ֪Ķˡ
λʥ׵Ӧ֪ģȻҲвѣҪǵһ㣬ҶҪȻͳưˡ
ҶûôɵҲὫ׺ǣֻ±ߵġأ
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ʥɫ˼䣬ͻؾٴιЦҶֶΣȻ˲ãǰѶΪһЩš
ڣˣȫˣ
ڱʥļϳڣвϣʲôҶأ
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Ȼ˵ʥҵ棬˼񶾵ԣϣѱûлԵı
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״ƺʥɫһڣвҲУҲУѵϷˣʥ
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ʥʥƺʥ˵Ŀ⣬ˢˢľ;۵Ҷϡ
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ԣʥһۣϵϢܹĲȻ꽻
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أʥ͵سҶ˴Ĵָ˵֮֮ʿй뻢Ѩ֮ȡ֮ܣӾɫ죬ʥǼʶˣҶ˵ã
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˾͵Ҷ棬һһķҶҪǸӦȶ񶾵ԣ
Ŷ˷꣬Ҷ治һʱҶŷ֣󱳾亹
뻢ıƤ治Ǻ£


997 ̫޳
Ҷ棬ʲô˵ǸϹռؾߵʲôߵĶ׶ûã
ߵĶǲҪĶ֪ҪȴӦ⼸Ҳ̫˰ɣʥüͷ˵
ʥΪҲȷϹռؾߵĶ׶ûãԣҲҪ
ҪҸˣǶȴûʲôãǿˣҶ˵
Ҷ桢ηɰʥѾ֮Уʼⳡ̸Уһʼ
ǣҪǴӦǵ鱨õĻǿˣʥ
˭ҪأǴ۶ˣҶһŵ˵
ԣʥıӲûᣬһԲƺʥȫˡ
û취˭ǷǼ̶񶾵ԣ⽻̸֮УЩˡ
ʥҲǼϽˣȻΪһԶҶڲ
һ֮󣬾ʥһָͷãǴӦǵ޸һ¡
޸ģҶʵ
ĵһҪҪһǰˮlĺͼһˮl͵Ҫѣ۰ķ򣬼ˮlеġ
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ԣҶͷʱϲ
ôʱ䣬ǶԼСǶĶˣǰˮlһ£üĿ
ţʥ˵ڶָͷĵڶǰæʦηɰ֮
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˵Ҫⶾֻ¶֮Ҫҩ¶֮ȴG
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֮⣬Բʮľ޴ռڣĿĶǣϣȴ¹ӵ󷨣һռطԲʮش󡭡
ش󣿡
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Ҷηɰ׵ͬʱЩޱȣǸϹŴ󵽵ʲôã
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Ҷǳĺ档
أʥ͵ضҶǰҶ棬ǸϹռһڣֻҪģǴӦе
žʥֿĿ⣬Ҷȴǻҡҡͷ
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飡
Ҷ˵ĸ֣ƺʥŵȻֹ
ʥ˼˺һֿ˵ȻѶԸֻҪøһЩۣǻǿɱģ
˸ǣһֻѲ츽׻飬ĳ֮أһƬ׻𺣣Ǹھֻмʮľ롣
ֻҪǸ׻𺣲Ǹ츽׻飬ǲ֮
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Ҷ˵꣬ʥ˵ɫͬʱѿޱȡ
лѣһһȫԶԸ츽׻ķٽϹռؾģ
ҶȸǸϹռؾڣǰǶӦˣΪսҲϧʥȻ
ʥȲˬǣҶȴٴҡҡͷУ
ʥһۣȻ󿪿ڵҶֻҪܸڣʲôᣬ¡¾ҪĻҵҲǲԣ
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ǵĻҵҲҪΪҪҲزסֻ˵㣡Ҷָͷ
һ㣬Ϲռؾĸ׻ҪıԣҵʰǸȫ֮֮ҺҪһȥҪõǸ׻𡣡
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ͣ
Ҳڴʱһӵһۣʥɫһ䣬纣ʹױʷ


998 
Ȼͣˣϵ飬Ҷάֵġ
Ϊλ磬ͬһ㣬ֲһˡ
ԣаʹױʷʥҴֹ˽̸ȥӵʹ
֣µһʹǰҹƣʮа˾ţʧٵıйأʥҧˡʧ١֡
磬ôһ˵ҵǺܺ棬ҶֻصΪôɱƺʥĿ⿴Ҷ档
Ҳܺ棬Ҷ棬Ѿ˺򣬲ҷԣնɱӦÿԸǰɣʥʵ
ҶٺһЦܼ򵥰ҿǼһʱǼһѾˣһͱҸɱˣ
ܣ
ƺʥ븲ʥͬʱϺ
Ϊһصߣڽռؾ֮ǰѾǺˣҲԲܹԸġ
ıӳһܽɱˣƺʥɵ
ǣҶ棬һߣҪһߣôʥ̸нأҶ漫Ϊ˵
ƺʥ븲ʥʱˡ
Ҷһ仰ûǱˣ
ҶȷʵһߣǣҲҶնɱḶ́ûҶ˵ǰɣֻҶ治˵ͽκΣ
ļ䣬Ӵʹľʥͻתˡ
תĵһʱ䣬ĿͽҶ븲ʥʵǴǰնɱµʱû©Ϣɣûӳû֮ǰʾѶ
Щʹн꣬ûκһѣҶ˵
״̬£û˸ҷʾѶģϾһɲǵķ񣬿ܾʥһ䡣
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ԣʥһ
Ѿ֪ʧ֮ǰϹż̳¼УѾʼ£
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ԣҶһʥ˼ɵˣ
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ʵȻĿǰΪʵЩò֣£Ӧ÷ӢķӢǰݡ
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ĩˣҶ˵ʥֲȻҪҪٴ죬Ҳֹ㣬ȫ˼
ԣҶҡҡͷ
ʥ
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ʱ֮һѶʥзɳûãͷ


999 
ҶʽȷʵǴӼģ
Ҷؿ˵ûмˡӼ򡯵ʽ
˵ʵʵ۵ǻʽҶҲҶؿ˵ӼʽԱȺ۵ǻʽҪ¡أҪݻ
ϵ۹ΪҶļٹ죡
ˣ۹ʵۡʺأҪԱǰΰҶ档
۹λʵۣ˵ǾʥӣһλΪѾﵽصߣ䡢ʥѪ棬ĸҶͷҶ澴˲裬Ҷүү
ʽûҶŵĶӣ
һʵ۽үүʵһȺһȺٰʮĶӡǡҶһոնʮһүү
ֱǡ
ηɰףЦòˣ
ĳأ࣬УҶӳѴѵʹͣ˼ҶͷүүˣҶҲûʲôʾǰɣ
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ʱ䣬۹ڷص˵ĵϸһ֣һȫµĵ̣Ϊʥ򺣴ʥء
֮⣬ÿ۹Ͻɵĸɫ龧ĵرݻֳķݣƽ֡
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縲ʥ˵ηɰڵĶٻѹµʱ䣬ԣ
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Ҷƣ£ֻҪҶڵﷶΧԼԼĸӦҶĴԼ
ҪǾ׼ĸӦҶλãµýҶİﷶΧ֮ڣпܣ
ȻᵽԽָѳ죬ôĴָڵջ񣬾͵һ¡
ĴָڵĲƻڱģ٣ֻбİ˳ɣǶڴ߶ԣһ֡
ȴһղߣĴָУƷ齣Ͳѣ⻹㱻ҶӡǱɫ齣
Ʒ齣ʮƷ齣ϰٱڴǰҶԸı֮ʹͳȥˡ
׾һջ񣬽Ĵָ֮УûС
ҶĺôȴȱҶĺôٶ٣
ǽ⣬Ǿޱȵ⣬Ҷ⼸չΪ⡣
һ˵Ч൱ʮλҵĿߵ⡣
ʵ̫ˣ
һ˵⣬ҶΪغڣ۷壡
һҶɫͻƵأ
ҪĻҶΪܴһˣ
ҶһҲżΪĴָУжʮΪӿصزȵĿߵ꣡
ʮ⣬Ȼ࣬Ǳ⣬侫ľͲһġ
ǣʤ࣡
֮ͻӦòѣ
󣬵Ҷȹ̸ոͻƵسڵΪʱ򣬻꺣Уͻؾ˶縲ʥ
ĵܣ˵̳˺еһ룬㲢ûзеҸͬԴҹһʱ䣿ʥ˵
е
ԣҶжһϲС֮ã


1000 µϢ
ĵܣɢϢǰƺб仯øӵˣĪΪͻƣ
ողʥĽŲһЩ˵
ȷʵͻƣû֣ˡҶЦ
ðĵ֣֮ܽãĵȻֻصΪ湦ط
ĵ֣ܽɱܽ˼ˡʥ˵
Ҷȴҡҡͷ磬ҸոͻƵģԣýֻ֣öУͻ֮ΪսΣ
У깥
ʥͷ亹ʱˣǰҶ潻ʱ޷֮£ҶһǣԾ˿ͷ
ⲻüˣϵƲŸԭէһЩ
ģһΣȲ²һҵ깥ȣ׵ģĿǰΨһ뿪߶ԿģˡҶ˵
Ȳ²Ǿͺãҿȫˣʥ˵
Ҷ΢Цͷʾ⡣
·һ겨ӸʥɢһϢĹ򣬸ʥǰĲ˳һٵ
һٵʵʵĸڸʥͷǰ·಻Ĵһ㣬չֳʥ衣
Բ
ĵܣ׼ˣ
ã磬Ҫˣ
ʱҶյ˫Ŀ΢΢һɫʱͱֱļ
ͣ
ȵһ㣬ʥµϰٵٵĶ
ʥҲǸǵģÿÿ͸֮ʱʥͻǲһ΢΢ζһ£ȻҲܹȵҶ⡣
գҶڸʥ󼸵ǰʧδٻʮ
δȫƣʥ¶һ˿Ծ֮ɫ
Ȼһǰ׼һǿԷֱó깥֮ϸ΢࣡ĵΪȷʵȲԣƺ֮ǰࣿ
һ˵ʥһ¶֮ɫϢȷʵòʲôӰɣʥЩġ
磬㣬ֻ˰˳ɵҶͻأ˵
ҡʲôֻ˰˳ɵһΣʥĳԾˡ
ð˳ɵ͸ǰĹǿȲ࣬ȫ
һΣȫң깥ܹңȫ֮£Ҳޣ
ʱʥӿϢʱڣǰ˽һٶʮ
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Ҫˣ
УҶ˫ŭ۴ϸİɫⶸغ˲Ϣͺ˸ʥµĲ֮С
ԵģҶһζȫ
Ҷ֮һ㣬һʥ˲Ϣ䱻ɲǼ䣬ʥȫµһٶʮֱӺ˸ʥţ
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ȫ֮£ĵ깥ҵܵ𶯣˵ģĵƾ깥Ҳˣ
ߣȱ׼Ҳܵ𶯣սӰ켫
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ܵö϶򺣴ʥպǰҲ̫飡ҶЦ
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˼ҸʥҶ֣ǿͷֵܣȻֻǱϵģؿɲá
磬ҵΪʵոͻƵضѣԶδﵽءҶʵ
ֻأⲻܣ
ʥɫؼ䣬ص⣬˵ƿҵ˺ңվ䣬ҲǾ˲ҵģôܡ
ȸʥ˵꣬ҶϢ׷ſʥſڽĳ״סˡ
ȵȣ룬ôôŹֵأô᣿
˵ţʥҶĿͻرüŹ֣ĵܣ⣬ܲɫİɣ
ǣҶЦ˵
ⲻܣ壡
ʥһȥΧҶת״һҶɨһɨ̽̽
ôܣʥץǻʵ壬ôӵɫأ
壬ǲӵɫϵģ
ʥץӣҶͷһһ£磬ɫ
̸ϣ֪һɣеѪ֮Уһءʥ˵
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֮䣬ʲô𣿡Ҷ
ɫ⣬һЩӵǿѪĴڣΪͻƵ֮ʱ۳ɫ⡣
ǣɫ⣬ȴģֱ֮Ϊɫ⣬𿴸ɫֵֻ˳֮ǣǴʣȫͬʥ˵
ôͬ
ɫ⣬Ǵ̥ģģҪһɫĺӣҪ
һЩԺܹڿʱ۳ɫѪ丸ĸʱ̥ɫĺӡ
ô˵ɣЩϹźѪĴڣѪǿģڿʱ۳ɫ⣬ִڣϹźѪ֮Уһ
һٸɫĴڣҲܹһɫĴڣ
ңսϣɫɫ֮Ĳ࣬ľͷ֮Ĳһ㡣
ɫ⣬Ը˵еɫ࿹⣡
ţ֪ģϾˣˣĵܣʲôʥ˵
ҶЦЦЦЩɬһйء
⣬йأ
ʱѪչ¶ɫʱΪǻ꺣ضѣû˵ǿˡ
ҶĿǰйزµĸһϢ
µıӰΪˡ
һ㣬Ҷ浱ڼλܹ˺ռݵ˵ʱ򣬾Ѿ׼ˡ
磬Ȼ֪ɫ⣬֪ЩѪп۳ɫ⣡
ȻµϢ˽չҶպиѰҵķĿ꣡
ԣʥЩΪɦɦͷֵܣҲ̫߿ˣΪոͻƵһضѣܹѪõĴмǳޣֻ֪Щģ治֪
Ҷ鶸رʧޱȣոյõһйزµϢʱֶȴˡ
ҶʧʥȴЩ̣ĵ𼱣֪ЩϢʵң
ΪٴõѪĴмͻֻ࣬һЩѪԶĴڣѪмⷽϢʥ˵
ģҶЩϲ
黹棡


1001 ˮ֮
ĵܣĺĿǰȻΪĳЩԭûȫ⣬ǰ˵ĺѾɰ롣
ȻѾԿɰĺȴûлӦΪʲôûУҲ
һ㣬;ͬ飬ⱾԣͬˮһȻһһƷײܴ󣬵ڶˮ֮һϣȴǹͬģǻ
ˮ֮һǧ򻯣ģǿˮνֿˮֱȥһˮơ
ؼ޴ڵˮһԱҳΪǵͳ˧Ȼ󣬾ǰս۱һ㣬ôָǣôָǣţͨһ˵
һ˵ǵǳ֮Ϊƣˮ֮һÿһ֣ͻ۳һ˿ơ
Ҫ۳һ˿ƣ£Ϊпܣ
ܹ۳һĵ֮󣬾ʹѾ׳Ϊǿˡ
ԣһλǿߵı־Ҳǿߵĸ
Ҿͻ߶۵һˮ֮ƣݻãϸĲ򣬿ܲջ񣡡򺣵ڣʥ˵
˵ȴҶЩ⣬߿ֱӲߵĵʵ
ǲһΪδȱǶŵƿһǧһ飬ҲãҪΪǿ󣬲˲Ƶʸ
ңеĺƷ׼ߣ˲似Ŀܣˣ۾ϹˣҲôʥ˵
ˣ
ʥͻ߳һӨ͸ˮɫƣشӸʥԺɳ
էһˮɫ˳ӵ·ƺǳĻңϸһȴ־ÿһ·ƺӦó
ƺÿһ·ƺ·
ۣʥٴ߳һ
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Щܲ͸ߣ䱾ԴǴӸʥڷģһۣҶͻһ
ʱһޣԭˮеģ
ҶͬʱҶĺĲһ£ȻĪһ˿
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ңˮ֮ƣӦòڵĽķҶȡڵĺϢӦƫˡ
һɲǣҶʱˣΪʲôһ֮ϣͻ춯
Ϊ֮ϣμʶ󺣵׳ʶ֮УͶˮ֮һ򣬺Ż΢Ľ⣬춯
Ҷһ㣬Ҷľȫעĳ˸ʥչʾˮ֮Ƶݻ֮С
һʱ䣬ˮ֮֮еˮ磬ǧ򻯣̬仯־ޱȵĿ֮ʥһһչ֡
һУҶɴ۾ȫ񶼳˽ȥ
ʥʾණҶ涼ƶǶŸʥܶʼĲͣݱ䣬ǰ治׵ĶͻȻڻͨˡ
ÿڻͨһ㣬ҶĺͻٵĽһ֣
һҶһָоǰѧ似ȫǲֵһߣ̺
¡
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ʱʱҶһҲѧŵиʥչʾĶ͵֤
Ҷֻͣżͻأĳһˮûã򺣵·ٲʱ
䣡
ͻأأҶָһΣ΢΢һ򺣵·ٲ͵ص𣬳򺣵֮мҶ븲ʥͷ¡
ǣ˵Ľǲͬġ
Ҷ汻ʥ£ǵˮմ
ʥӵ֮ڴȻĵôˡ
ʵ֮ǰͨ似ҲΪ׼
ͨ似ʵͨ嶯תʱ̻һ˿ٵÿĵƣɱУ
ԣڲ֮ͨ似ͻӲ
νͨ򵥵ķƵ
ˮ֮ջ֮ĵֻҪסĸ֣׵ľܹԼеˮ֮
ĸ֣Ҷʵ
ˮ޳
ˮ޳
Ҷĥĸֵʱ򣬸ʥֻҪԵԼˮ֮ôͶ䣬µ似ΪѾǵˡ
Ȼˮ֮һǧ򣬼֮չʾˮ֮ƣֻԼ΢һ֣ڿˮٸʾһ飬ͿϢˣʥָ
л磡ҶǸмҶԼĵƸϸһʲôĸ
οʾһһ飡
һöССˮ֮ƣʥʾһ飬Ҫһʱ䣬Ѿʼʾˡ
ʥʾһˮ֮֮󣬲Щƣȥ˵ƣ۾ĵܣջ񣿡
ʾ£ǿߣҲǺܴģ
Щڲ֮УҶ˵
оͺãһҲû׷ѣúòˣͣ˲򣡡Ȼأˢһʥξƾʧ
Ҷȴǻı۾ƺȱһٶȡ
ૼ䣬Ҷָţʮɫˮƾն΢΢һʮɫˮ߾ͷһľ˵ƿ
򺣵мɱȥ
ˣ
ɱһɲǣ򺣵͵һһĿռƺҪһ㣬շһ㷢һȦȦεĲ·ˮһɢ˳ȥ
ʱոսɵӴ򺣵ıϣʱͳϸܵƣ


1002 ɷ
һµʱ䣬Ҷ򺣵ĴŶṳ̂벽
µʱ䣬Ҷץһʱš
ÿʱ䣬Ҷ氲ŵġ
ÿ컨ĸʱΪҶÿ״򲻶İš
Ϊһڳ֮Ժ㣬½ϵĿޣҲЧġ
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£ҶΪٶȺܿ죬ҪǣҶŴ侫龧
ʵΪʽ龧ڵΪǣڴ߶ԣ龧ѾɻңΪԴıƷ
ߣչƷ絤ҩؼ龧ĸݳ޵ֱ龧أ
Ҷȴԡ
ڽնλʮλʹ֮ҶĲƸֱ˷ָ
龧Ϊλ㡣
ҶںϣȻһֱӣÿһ̶ͷջȴҶǰջܺϵҪࡣ
Ҷһ£龧ĿƷ龧㣬ͳڿƷ龧⻹Щ󺱼ĵر
ԣҶÿ춼ǳΪЧҶʱõ龧ȫƷ龧
ҶÿʱĵƷ龧һǧ顣
һʣ൱һҪĵʮϵƷ龧ʱ䣬ĵƷ龧Ŀͳ߰ٶʮƷ龧
ĿѾ൱ںܶһĿߵˡ
ɶҶԣҲǾţ֮һëѣĿǰңҶüꡣ
ݳ޵֮£ҶΪٶȣǷǳ˵ġ
µʱ䣬ҶΪسڣ쭵غڣҶƣһ³ͷĹԿԽΪ۷塣
ÿõĸʱ֮⣬Ҷ滹ٻĸʱʱԼܸʥˮ֮ɱУ
ڸʥ֮£֮ʱҶһΪʵɱгΡ
µʱڣҶÿ춼ڲʡ
ÿ춼ҪдϰȻ޸ģʱգѾơ
ҶԸĸܣӦüǿϾֱӲƣȻڵɱС
ƷϣͱЩͨ似ҪǿĶࡣ
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ոʥջص뿪ʱҶĺĽ̶ȣѾĳˡ
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ڣҲǰҶĺ̶ȳɣҶΪϲ
Ҷڴ׽ʱ򣬻ʲôľϲأ
֮⣬Ҷÿ컹ỨʱĻ˧µ
ҶԽԽ֣û֮Ĳ࣬ҲʶҪԡ
һӵǿߵʵͻɱ
ȻҪǣҶʦηɰ¼һ
˵ʵηɰ׵ӣҲǸݵӡ
һ۸ηɰףһ⣬Ǿƹص顣
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ڱϵֵƷ֮ҶͳɹƳɹƷ
̵ǣҶӰʹУᵽʮޡ
ˮϵ߶Ҷ涯úˮ߶Ǿˡ
ҶеĵرԺף޷ǳ˳֣˼֮Ҷ޵ƷףҲƷ
֣ҶԵĸһ£ĳ˺ޣ
Щص㣬صǸηɰ׸ǱԽĽ齣
Ҷо֣齣ɲǼƷô򵥡
ΪĳЩԭ齣пܻΪ
һУΪ齣ڽһŽɷ
⽣ɷηɰ״GĴָҵɷӦǲһıҴӲԣ⽣ɷĲѵɷѡ
Žɷڽ齣ڣÿһⶼԶıޱȵĽɷӰӳ֣˲Ϣܹϡ
ҲǽһλصߣܹʥǿӲӲԭ
ϧǣλƽ齣ʦǼʶΪޣֻǿģʱȻ׵ĨȥһŽɷڵһԡ
ҪȻŽɷ轣ɳһ̻Ϊ򵥵ǣ齣ܹɳΪƷҲδ֪
ŽɷڵǵѾ׵ĨɱǸˡ
ԭΪηɰǺ齣ʺηɰʹá
ǣηɰ״GĴָеõɷת
֮Уһתԡõ֮׵ĻԼϵķ
ȱҪһĹԲΣҪҪתԵĻй֮ͨ
֮ͨԽ࣬ɹĻԽߡ
ͨԭǼ̵ġ
Ҷȴķ֣ηɰĺɷ齣ȻŹ֮ͬ
ɷǲö˵齣ڵһŽɷɷȴŹ֮ͬ
ɷһ֣ԻȾı䡣
ԣҶʹһ½齣
ԭҶ浱ǰˮƽƷܱ֤δγɹ˵ΪļƷ齣ˡ
£ǰٷְٵʧܣ
ǣΪеǸתԵķȴ˳ɹĿܣ
뷨Ҷͼ볢һ¡
Ϊһɹηɰ׵սܻ÷ǳı̬
ⲻܹҶֽ࣬׶ζԣҶҲܹһǳǿİ֡
ԣµʱ֮⣬еʱ䣬Ҷ涼׼£˯ҲÿԴһʱ档
ϸԺнԸ齣Ĺٴιһ飬ҶŶַһѶ
ѶǷηɰ׵ģΪҶ뷨ʼηɰҲÿʼҶ档
ȽɷϢһ˿һ˿Լڣ֮Լڵĺںһ
ɷĽڵĺתɷȻܸ齣
һ飬ҶԼҲûʮİգ
ͻȻ䣬ĿͷһĿͿ˴ڣڴԭˮƾʧϡϣ˲Ϣ˾Ө͸ı
һɺƾճ򺣴ڣ


1003 ʥ
ʦ㣬Ǽ軨ȥɽϲڵĻڣģҪң
Ŵɷ֮ηɰףҶЦ
ص͵һ˼ĳ̶ȣҶ涼Ҫתڵܹס¡
Щ׺õĻݲݣͱʵˡ
ôˣٸɼǣոɷЩƲס㲻֪СԺԲ֮ڣ˼ѣ
˵ţηɰ׾ͿٵĴյҶǰȡһͮͮƻҶԵҧһƻ
һ߳һ˵ãƻҧöԺڣƻ͸һ㣬ѹҧ
£ʲôҳԵñȾֻӲȿˮÿб飬ӹÿడ
ηɰ߿Ҷһ£Ҳû뵽ôһ
£ҶԵĴ߶һµ𣬴ڵ¶ʱηɰ׸ǻϲĿҶԣˬޱȵĿ˸ֹϹģ͸࣡
ʦ㣬ɷûϰɣһɣηɰ׳ˣҶʵ
ηɰСȻ
ˣǿʼסһһҪҵָӣһʧܣܻһӣҶ˵
Ϣ֮󣬽ӡѾɢĽ齣Ҷǰ
ʵʵɫ⣬Ҷͷӿʱͳ˽齣ڲͬʱҶڵɷȶ룡
ʱ˵ɷʹηɰָͶҶɫ֮Сڴ֮ɷͼΪɷֵʵǲ̫Ͽڣ
ɷɲǣҶɫ΢΢һҶһηɰıɷȻҲһ˺ã
ηɰ׽ɷΪɷʵѾ˾˵ǽ齣ɹηɰ׵ս֪
һɲǣҶͰеķʼ齣
мصķǺܹõġ
ҶĽ£ŽɷմȾһ˿ɷϢͻһɷ
ողɲǣͻᱻɷ̺ĿֲƥĽɿ˺Ƭ
ǣֳ״̬£ҶɫԤ£ɷĴһ˿ʼŽɷ롣
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ҶأһֻиӵСɷطɳɳɲǣͱҶɫȻֱͽ˽齣Ľɷ֮ڣ
Ҷǿ£Ŵɷ˲Ϣ뽣ɷںһ
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ͬʱҶ۾ŭȵʦ㣬ҵӡ
һɲǣηɰ׵ӡҶ֮£˲Ϣӡ˽ɷĵ֮С
ҶԸηɰʱɷ
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Ҷģηɰ΢΢һһ˿ɫҲѧҶһ㣬˲Ҷͷͷһ
㵱С۰Ҳʮ첻߲ˣ

ҶǵûжŸɣҪǶŸɣ֪ʲôĶ֡
ʦ㣬£ԣۣҲ׵ıˣҶ˵
ʱĽ齣Ѿһɫĳϸڽϻֽܿɫ·ֻҪϸ۾ͻۣһһֻĸо⽣ڵɷνɷԵʡ
Ҫһηɰ˵
𣿡ҶһǰǸºŽʲôţɲǰɣͽɲ
û˵꣬ҶɱĲҽηɰֱšҶĶתȦСӣתǰɣ
ڣĸǳΪӣҽɲǶˡ
⣬ⲻģ
죬ģηɰײ֡
ɽ
ţɽ֣ϲַֺҵʣηɰ׻ϲӦһɿ֡
ɿֵʱηɰĵҶıšĶ࣬Ȼ󻹴˼Ȼ˵еôۣʲôС
ʮϵĿڵıɷηɰ׶Ŀֱԣʮηɰ׶ԱɷѾܹշġ
ⴵ
ǣͳ
û˵꣬ηɰ׿Ҷ͵ģر÷ɺ죬ֵʱ͵ջأһͻΪһ뿪򺣴
ȥҸط⽣
µģֻһЦҶ棡
ηɰȻҶ˲Ӧòĳ嶯ηɰ׿쳣ŷɿ뿪
ܴˡ˻Ҷ

Ҷηɰ׸ɽ֮ĵ죬Ҷյ˴羸ʥķѶ£
Ҷ浽ʱ򣬾ʥʥƺʥѾ룬ʥģȴЩŹ֡
ҲڲͣĴŶ£ɫԵЩ࣬ԵĲ
ߺ֣˵ߣһǲܳôġ
ô£ô£ѵˣҶʵ
ʥ¶һ˿֮ɫûʲô£͡Ǵ󡭡ˣСʱúɷˡอһ졭ͺá
ȸʥ߶µ˵꣬ҶѾôˡ
ʮа˾ţηɰȥҸʥУпܾ˵Ĵˣֳɽʵηɰ׸ˡ
ɽηɰ׵ıɷ໥֮ȷʵǿޱȣǣǿߣûǸܣһ£пܵġ
ԣʥһĵܱΪǿˣ˧ҵģ
硭˵ˡʥӵΡ
ˣĵܣ˵°ɣ
ĵܣʦĶ֮ʱ䲻ˣθʦⶾѾ˼飡ʥ˵


1004 ߲
ޱĴϿգڸոԾƽĺյ£ĵٵһֱٶһȸߵ͡
ٶ֮죬ԶĻֻĵһѹߴ֮зɹ
ĵܣĿǰٶȣٷɰʱ䣬ʱ֣ӦþܹˡУ˾ʥ
˷ɵü죬˲ŷУȴһһ߷У⡣
дˣҪҪϢʱٷɣϾѾҹˣ˵ϵ飬϶鷳Ҷ˵
ĵܣ߶ԣΪﵽһȫµľ磬ֻҪǸǿȵַٶȣ˿һ¶սκεӰ죡ںȥĸʥЦ
£ʱӦϢģλģԲã
˵Ǹְǵѹ·УȻ˿Ӱ졣
ЩҹöԼһˣǣﻹûԸ̱ˡ
һЩǿܷɵģҲǶ߶µģٶˣ
˵ƺʥ۾һգĵܣңҪ͸ʹʹҰҸٶȱҪɵļһΣ
Ҷ΢΢˼һ£ͳƺʥֵ˵һοڣΣСǲܾܾġ
ǴСҳģΪԪ֮ʱͻԵɺϵõֻʱֻ̡
ЩҺһ·ɳһУ͸ҵֵһ㣬ǡ
ã˵ˡ˵ҵˣƺʥ˸ۣ
ԣʥȴǵһƺʥ֪ĲСˣַʽϷŪģ
ѵƺʥȴǲһ죬һڹȥˡ
УסϵжҪѪƴ׼ʥٴǿ
ԣʥƺʥͬʱ˵ͷҶȴһݡ
ò˵⼸λ磬ϣǷǳġ
֮ǰʥϸĸҶ潲顣
Ҷչؿ޵µʱڣʥҲûţ뷽跨ڴ̽ϵϽG״̽˲ࡣ
ϸ֮󣬾GôĿôˣƾ˵ӣҪҩ
ϾGҲĴڡ
֮󣬻Ǿǰһˣ뷨ȡҩ
ڳ֮ǰ˾ѾĴ㣡
ҶͷʥλеĴܣϢһţȺͱܿˡ
ԣһ·Ϸǳ˳ʱ֣Ѿңңˡ
Ҳһ󵺣ֻĶ֮һǣϵԴȴ˿ѷɫ
ϣԷֲڵ϶ͷĺ̶߶⺮̶߱ĺȥϵ°빦
̶߸ŲҩԼ˵ĲľǺһ죬һţ͵ֵʮޡ
ֻǣǰͱڵλռˣǺ̶߸ϵĽأô
ǺȻУżôһųϣĳ
ңָزѾֵ龧ʮЩ棬ЩҲ˴ΪЧ
˿
ֻʽͬҳϣѷһѡ
ҪȻҲΪĴ
ʱ֣Ҷһ˾͵ִϿգҲǺϵھӣԾʥҲȰ£ó˵ʥǰݷá
ʥĵʥԣԭȵʥͷ˾ɱġ
ϢͨȥɲǣͷֱĶͷɳѸٵĻһ
ΪԭλһסǷ־ڻߺ̶
ļƣʮа˾žλˡ
ȻʥͻȻãǸˣͷأ
ûһĹһɢ˷ûʱϰٵߵϢʹط𣬻ش
ʱ뾸ʥ˽ϰѾ˴ʱˡ
һһɲǣԶģЦǸͼλõˣλܹԼϷСϷ֮֮
˵λʥҪôǰ֪ͨһϷ׼׼úõһкλ
ˣʱϷԷ
һµĴЦӭһ۷ĶGں
ʥЦӭȥλĪ֣ǲҲǶˣλ£
ôأGͬʱЦĿһɨ
ʥ֣ĵʥλɷһ£Щɻ
Գʥͬݷãʥ֮⣬ˣΪϢѹʥƽƽĵʥ
ڴͬʱG鶸һϣ˲Ϣͱޱȣˣ㾹Ȼҵţұ
һGŭɶĳηɰס
飡
εɫĹ⻪ͬʱȻͬʱȴ׼ĸʥηɰǰ
ÿGŭ
׵ʱһָηɰ׾ŮĪǰЩʱնֵܵǸˣ
˵׵رޱȣλǴ˹ʲô˼Īǡ
ߣλ÷Ÿɾ㣬ҪȻ
λǲ𣿡
Ҷ˵꣬ηɰ׵ˣһ⻰G˵ͬʱͺˡ
ҶҲһȻʦⷴȻϬˬ
˴뱲ӣȻ׸Ů˶죬޴ˡ
¾ηɰ׵䶾࣬ȻһĿ˾ʥ֣ǽ߲ţ
磬ģȻˣ;Բٸˣ£ǸһͱˣGһŭһһַ֣ʮ⣡
ʥȴǵɨһGˣλǽȻģ
˵ʥ鶸һǶλھ͸ֵܼսһɣ
˵ʥ۸صɲǣʥʥƺʥ۾ͬʱһΣģ
״Ҷ۾һգҲ۾٣ǲʥ
G뷢ȴ׸סˣй⻪Ī˸˼£׶Цһơ
ȻˣǾ뵺һϷҪ뿴ô⣡


1005 ǲ
ΪϿյĳͻԭԣⳡνĽӴᣬڵǷǳĺס
ÿǰϣһ裬
Ȼû˻ںⳡӴľݡ
ⳡӴġװΡġ
λӴֱӰ˵ǰĹ㳡ϣ㳡˷ʱǧλװΡ
ľߣ߾ϰλģȫߡ
Щڳĳƣƺһ䣬ͿԷ
GʮϢǿĿߣЩˣΪ͵ģǿء
˾صҲмλ
ҶĿģȴGһλȱһֻĿߡ
Ǿ׷ηɰסҪηɰ׸Gܼˡ
뵺֮δ㳡Ѿɱڡ
ȻλʥǷǳɵ
ʥ˵ʵǻûʲôо
ҶЩȵģȴǾƺλʥʱķȡ
ǧɱڵע£Ȼ̸Цһ裬ָʵָ⴦㳡ϲк󷨡
λѿޱȡ
Ϊģˣб
ȿڵǴס
Ŀɨһηɰף׾ͳŸʥ˵ֵ֣ܽһΪŮİɣ
֪ŮкιϵȻܹ㳲
Gȴһҧгݵģ𣿿϶Ů˽ҵĴָ͸ˡ
϶Ҫλǰģô˵׺ȵ
Ĵָǻ治֮ΪŮǰΪŮĵܵʦ㡣
ϵǾǸҲǣʥ˵
ĵܵʦ㣿
һ㣬漴ӦĪǰЩͨĵλʥ򺣴ʥʦ㣿
λʥϷҪʶʶʲôĴڣȻܹݺôʥΪֵܣЦ
ʥɫһλĪ۾ʹǴǰİϣѾעʥã
ȫ˵λǵĵܣ
Gò֮ʣĿͬʱҶ棬ʥ˵ףҪٲʥ˭̾湻ˣ
һۣ׺G飬ͱȻޱȣ
ΪҶϢʱ̫ˣ
غڣ
ʱ䴫÷зʥȻһλصϣ
ʱGָҶЦ
ʥǻɵ˰ɣȻһλصǵĵܣûëɣ
Ҫȱֵˣ⿪ڵߣҲôҪðɣ
Ц󣬶GϵЦݾͱɭޱȣ˵λǲΪҸ£ôһһָͷͿļһĵܰɣ
Ҷ꣬ʥɫͬʱȥ
Ѿϰֵͬˣͬ裬ôѾһֹϰߣȻһֵܣϰߣȴûκθı䣡
飡
ƺʥؽǰĲˤ÷飬ȫ˵ýޱȡ
ģҿԽ仰Ϊʥ𣿶ˣź֮Уûһ˸ҵʥ
ޱȵɱشƺʥڿӿĿŵ˶GGĺëըͬʱæ߶꣬ӿ㻤⣬Ű
ƺʥɱйɲǣ˷ǧӿ˲Ϣ˻ףʱͽս״̬
սһ
Ҳʥֻǵ۹⣡˵ţG΢΢һЦһֵܣǲ̫ˣ
˵ģصߣܹɱϰٴΣ
ޣˣλصǿ츳ǳܹԿڵߣôصߣҲַܷʮΣŲţGһЦ
һɲǣЦͬʱ
ȴǾʥʥƺʥͬʱЦ
Ҷʲôʵ
㵱ʥ˹ֵˣ
ǻ治ţҪԣ
ʣGȴǳλúԸ֤һϷ˵
ԣɫͬʱһ䣬Ҷ۾˸ޱΣյĹâ
׶ԴˣȻȴҲֹһݵģ
ϼ޻Ҳ˻ʥĵס
²ţֽһʥ򺣴ʥĸУֻǣЩ¡һλϸĿص߶һ
GЦſһ˺ʵޣʲô˵
򺣴ʥ֣²òȫԸǣ򺣴ʥΪҪһСģһƸˣô죿
¿ǲʥߴ˵
һ㳡ڣʱЦһߣЦһƬֻ۳룬ȴûκֹ˼
ԣGȴǹȵľһѽǸ⣡
GĿⶸתҶ棬λ򺣴ʥ˵ô죿°ϷңҲеնɱʥ
Ҫкãֱ䣬ҪΪϷϷˣG
ʱ㳡ٴαЦһƬ󷽵ЩߣЦöᣬһЩߣĳĴЦ
䣿
򺣴ʥһγôɣҪ㻹Ժô죿GװɵĳҶҲǴװͿ
λǣҪǻսһɣҶЦ
ãսսԼ˵ģ۰ҪǱɱˣ˿ɲ鷳λصߣߵҶս
״Ҷȴǰ̾һϣʲôµĴ
ʵǡɵĿ
ãҴӦ㣡ҶӦ
ԣصߴϲŵȻҪսǾͿʥҳһڣʥһȭˬ꣬
Ц㳡ڵߣٴ޼ɵķЦGҲЦЦЦУǳ
ЦУҶ𣬡λǣ׼ûУҪ˰
׼ˣߵߣҶߴһ㰡򲻴Ҫǲңֱ˵
ðɣҪˣ
˵У֮Ҷ棬ָ΢ţȻ͵һ߬
ʱһּΣյϢ͵ӿGͷ
Сģ׾һ
Ҳ׾ɲǣĴָϸĺɫسߵ
ɫӳֵĿʼ廨һ㸲ߵ
Ҷָ͵һ߬
ɫǱͷʼһ㣬һ˲ϢнߵĻס
һ
ɫֱпŵƷף󣬾ֱн


1006 
ɫҶָٿ£ǽɸ͵һ㣬˲Ϣ⡣
ɫս֮£ʶĽ߶£̲סķĲҽ
Ǳʬһ㣬˲Ϣ䣬߱Ҷƾֵɫ⻪г˴Сȵļʮ飡
뱻пʱɢһأصʱ򣬻ţÿһܽѪʮԶľ롣
ǳ棬ֱѪȵ˼㡣
Ƕڳ˳˳ˮ߶ԣֱǴδ
ʱŵĳЦ˲ʧ˾̲סŻµ
λG˵ɫʱͱޱȡ
ǣѿɫҲβסе𾪣
һĻǿ
Ҷ֮󣬶Ҳδƾ۳ɫȻһգ۵Ĺһλص߾ͱһصʬ
һλغڵߣôӵֲɱߵ
ǾȵǣŵĹУǾȻӦһ˿Ĳ
ǿǿ߲ܽӴ
ǵ𾪿֪
ǣ𾪵Ĳǣ
оʥˣ
ʱǿҶֱɱص߳棬ҲĪ
ʥΪ𾪣
Ȼɫ顣
ƾֵĺɫӦҶǿеˮ۵ߣɵɫˮ
ȻԴΪ㣬ֱӽи飡
ɱУҪǿȻҪˮ֮ƵӦããҪмǿˮӦ
ȱһɣ
ȱκһأȻܹʩչɱȴǳɱ½
ʥԼġ
ǸʥǿȲʥΪǱҶǿ󣬵ǿĽ
ʥǳ֮ͬ£ܣ
ҶƣҲʱ䳤һѡ
ߣʥû뵽죬ҶǵˮƵ⣬ȻѾﵽ˳̶ȣȻԸˮ
꣬ʥһʱ䣬꣡
Ҷĵ˶ԣһجΣ
һСģҶֻҪһͻήٵϣܻܲȥͿǵӲˡ
ʥƺʥûô뷨ˣ𾪵ǣĵչֳʵеĻҪǿĶ࣡
ԼҲû취
Ҫű˵λҪľ򣡡ž֮£Ҷ̾һ
Ҷ̾ȴޱȵĶG
飡
Gһ£͵ؽǰĵ÷飬վҶָŭ򺣣ʲô˼
Ȼҵʥ棬նɱߣû
ǲǾ۸Ҫս𣿡
Gһŭȣͷ·һźһǧͬʱʣɱǳˮһӿˣ
ʥĶһGһ֣ʱɳյĸ㳡㳡ʱ˰ɫͬʱƺʥЩŵ
˵˶࣬һ󰡣ң˿ɲ̫޳ܰţ˭սҼĵܵģ˵ܹ׵Ҽĵܣ
ҲҼĵӮˣҼĵҪˣԵѼˣЦ
ɨذ
Ǻһλص߿ضˣ
ǼĵʤˣӦףذôܹ޳ܵĳǼĵأûзȣԺǻܲһϻˣ
˵ţƺʥĿͿ˴ף˵Ҳǣ
׵ɫʱҲޱȣǧǸǰ˵ӣǶˡ
۵ô£϶ģ֮ı֣ʧȣ
Ҷ滹ƺʥˣ͹Ƥĺȣ
ô˵ǣôҲܵʥ棬նɱǶ˵°ɣǶо˵
ͣ
ʥЦָָǰķΧߵǾǶͣˣҲòȥɣ
GȴЦһô˵죬ϷļſɱϷˣǲԣ£Ҫһġ

ʥɫһȻҪǾͻµʥȫţ
磬£ɣҶ濴˾ʥ
˼һ£ʥͷ
Ȼ㲻ˬǾͰ˵ģǻµʲôȫžǣҶ
ԣGһ棿
ߣҿɲ޳ܵ£ҶЦ
㣡
Gɫ˲ͱɫЦúúúãȻҲͱˣ
ȻǰؽôʥԳ
GĻû˵꣬ʥʥƺʥ˵ɱĿ⣬ֱĶ˶G
ĿУǾ֮⡣
G˲ҪԳֶԸҶ棬ǽ飬ֻ鵽ˣʣµģֻҵȭͷˡ
ңǴһﶼμӵĴս
ĿһGͷ΢΢һʥ֮һԳ֣ǲܵģ򺣴ʥȻλݹΪʵ̫
Ϸѡµһλս򺣴ʥ
򺣴ʥʤһʹ򺣴ʥˣͽϷĴָصĸϷɱ£
˵꣬GĿͿ˾ʥˣΣ
ЦУҶ漥ڽޱȵ˵̣ɴǹģ
ʤʲô¶ûУǷƵģסǰһսԼģǸһԼֲң
Gɫһ䣬ô˵ǲˣ
ǲܣʤˣôҲüӵͷɣҶ˵
G˵ʲôȴ׸סˣ򺣴ʥҪʲôͷ
Ҷû˵Ŀ⿴˾ʥ£ô
ģǴ˴Ҳǰ˵ţʥһָηɰ׵λӣǰйһЩԹԵɺ֮£ԼҲĶŶҩ
˴ǰǾΪλȡҩģ
ȻⳡսĵˣҪĴָôĵӮˣܷ񽫽ҩΪͷء
ܣ
ԲܣϷ޲ɱˣôɾͽҩGǱŭҰһ㣬Ъ˹ŭ
Ҷ鶸һ䣬ޱĶGôܽҩɣ


1007 ν֮Ԥ
ôܽҩɣ
ҶɲǣGЦһǼƣҪʨӴ󿪿ڡ
֮ǰҪˣҲ۸׵ġҲʱʥǾ
ϴƻǵƻǳ׵ĻȥϹռؾڿ̳ʣǻûأ
£㿪֮ǰҪǺˣҪǾúŪֵˣȻҲûֶأ
ʥĻأƺʥ٣ҪûؽҩҪÿһԴȥ
ƺʥһG۾ر͵վѾĿŵвˡ
GȴһѸ¡
λǿӮеĹزͷ˵㣬Ǳżĳģ
ʱʥˣǿܣƢ̫ã飬ǿŰ죬ʱ⣬ν֮ԤҲ
ֵһһ䣬GҲ˵ͷֱë
λǿµİҪֳһֱӿҪҩˡ
ʥбǿɲС
ǰʥϣĶӡ
ÿһ£̸̸ȥֵֺ֣ĳ֡
˳֮´ֲûʮҲа˸
ȻʥǿҲնɱʥҪѪƴǺò׾ӪһƬҵܾ͵군ˣ
£žֵܵľ棬ȱGţҲضԴҲʨӴ󿪿ڡ
£Gϴ׾꽻
Ҷ飬ʱȴЩŹ֡
һУԴڷžʥǾ仰
ֲôǰҶʥĺô˳ʥȻĵֱʥ黹ġ
ԭΪϹռؾڿ̳ˣôҶ֪ǸڣͳΨһڡ
ЩҶǰ֪ڲˡ
ҶҲǽĵġ
ȻԭʥòҶ漫ģǣƾĶۣʥҶĵܣǺչ˺ϵġ
ٸʥֱӴ߶ݻĵҶ飬һֵܣҲδܸõ
ʵ͸ĸɵĲ֮شҶûʲô
ҲΪˣҶ˺ĿֲɱУ
˵ʣʵԭ򣬻ҶӵǿɫƷʼߵĺˮ㡣
ҶɫãҪ޿ġ
ԣȻʥҲʩչںʵɱУڿˮϵ裬ҶҪǿʥʩչĺʣԶҲﲻҶʩչĺʵ
һʱȥGѾ׵Gˣ
ȻҪذ£ǾͰذ£Թ黹ϷĴָڵһвƻΪͷϷóҩΪͷ
ã
ȻҲģһսˣóָвƻֵɣΪ͸ʥ˵
⾸ʥɣҶֱͷ
ʥֵУƺʥԸȴΪֱӣ״򽻵ˡ
϶ʥΪǣԼĸԣ֮ˡ
ϴ󾸺ʥȴԲֶ֮ˣֵ壬Ҳܻά
ȱŵϷ򽫻˵꣡G˵
ҷ˵ģֻǲͷ
Ǿսȴû˵ͷĹսG˵
սƺʥüͷһ壬սôǴƽˣ޽⣿ҪͶһսֻҪʤ˻ʤʤźöʤɣ
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ȥɲǣ˼ͷĺ˪˲Ϣ·ûڹһ㡣
ˣGˣɫͬʱ䣡
ǵΪǳʲô
ܹӰֻǵļͷôһɲǣҲ⽣̺ѾӰ쵽ˣ
ΧӰ쵽ˣô塭
һɲǼ䣬׵һģͷ·׹޵׶һ㣬һ³
ǣG۾һɲǶصһԲ
͵վָηɰŵƵɽ鶸رޱȣǣǾȻ
飡
׸Gɫͬʱηɰ׺޻ɵһѾܼϵغͷ
ҸϷӲƴǲ𣿡Цһޱȵϵغһ⣬ͼηɰ׵Ǿ޴Ľ⣡
ϵغηɰһǺ⣬ȷʵˡ
ȷʵֲ
Ͼ֮Ϊ̫ˣǳСĽ֮䣬ϵغãмܶãӲ⽣ˡ
򺣴ʥǰĹ֣Сķ
ͬʱһСɵӡϵغǰ֣Ʒ׼ʹ˺ɱηɰס
꣡
·һһⶸشɽ鿪
ɲǼ䣬ɽޱȵɷʹɢ
˲Ϣ䣬ϵغͫ͵һ
ǼƷϢ
ߣƷɱ𣿡һϵغǰǷɫӡӭηɰ׵Ľ⣬ƷȷʵܹɱУǣҲÿ˭ã
һصߣ˵üƷǻҲܹϷ򣡡
ŵһЦϵغͷӡع⻪ţ
һɲǣϵغЦݾͶס
ͷĽһɲǼ䶸طֳŵϸСĽ⣬öɫӡ˲ϢͽǾ޴ĺƬ
ǣոշֻľŵϸСĽ⣬ȴһɲ֮ϵغ¿˰Σ
ÿһΣĻ׾˸
һŽɫ·Ľ⣬ǳϬ
ڶʱ򣬾Ļףݺݵĺش
ҵǣһȫ߶Ʒ׸סˡ
ֲǣһݵĺɷ֮ȴ˻ڣʱƺѪҺɺɷ֮ˣ
ηɰڸոսûõıɷȫ߶£ɽڵɷڣ
ɷֶר޻Ҷ棬ҪСķһڱһƣǾһΣ
Ȼϵغǿصߣʱɷ룬ʱͻӲһ㺮˪ʱڶĸȫ
ǣηɰ׵Ĵ߶֮£ɷɽڵɷڲͣϵغĵ塣
˲ϢĹ򣬾ͽϵغһ
˶˱飬ͱ˵ˣ
ݣ
ɲǼ䣬ϵغͷ·һһ㣬Ӹ߿׹䣡


1011 ǲ
ϵغͷ·һһ㣬һɲǼ׹棡
飡
ͷ·һʯ׹һ㣬˶оΪϵغ׹һ¡
˵ͷĪһ
Ϊһɲǣ˱ѵ
ɲǼ䣬һƬȻЩɱ¾ߣҲɫ䣡
һλصߣˣ
ǰһɲǻúö˶˫Ŀߣص
ÿһʬ飬ȥѪӨӨľӨ͸쳣ÿһ飬˵ͷ
ڵ߰ѾһεĴˣˣ
һĿɻҰʥŴܼϵغʬ壬ٴδһ¡
ǰηɰУʱҲû⣬͸ڵϵغһ㣬ͱһȻ߶µĴ˺ü캮ս
㻨Ĺ򣬲˺
³ȣϵغ³̫ˣҪϵغΪڸʥԣԶˡ
ȴ븲ʥһηɰף
˭
׵ǲĳ鴤鴤׶ŤĶڵѪ
̶̰ʱƽһλܼңһ˻ԣ
˵ʵϵʧλܼһˣδܳһʱڣҪףҲҪޱȵͷʹ
ū⣬һһԸūΪǿߣֱûС
һЩ顣
ûūܼңǹôƬҵΣ
ڴŤҲGֱɵˡ
ΪֹĶŴܼϵغɵһر飬Щֱէһƺûת鿴ȥĹŹ֡
Ҷȴڴʱһ
ԭЩηɰ׵ģϾսǿءװΪǿߡ
ǶԷСĽ䱸֮£ηɰ׾иոս׵ıɷɽҲֻսһ;
Ͼηɰ׵Ϊ
ǣΪηɰ׵Ϊ̫ˣ뿪̫֮ˣ
Ȼһ㣬ϵغɡ
ϵغηɰ׷Ҫһԭ򣬾ܼףܹηɰס
ʱѾηɰ׵ս˶ۣηɰӳ֮׷ɱηɰʱΪĴܼңϵغ׷ɱϸΣӵ
˵ϣηɰʵ֪ϣϵغܹηɰ׵׻Ҫ
ηɰս׼֪ǡþ͵ϵغ֮
Ҫǻκһλ˽ηɰ׵Ŀǰηɰ׳䲻֮£ܻܣڵ䣡
˵˭ϵ̶µʱڣηɰ׵սܹʵأ
ɽּϡɱأ
սѾм˵㶼ԣλ֮ǰԼҩսʥˡ
׵ޱȵĿɬˣôأ
ʵҩСؼǽ£̫ݰ
ҪǴȥ棬¶Ҫˣ
ǰ˵ģƤռźû뵽ȫˡ
ңȫͷ
һʱڣΪƬϵЦ
ҵǣһ˲ֻ࣬λֻҪƺߵ죬Ҳ̫㣡
һ϶
ԣϴˣթˣթŪǣҩǲܸ
أһֱû˵ĶGһЪ˹ָҶŭ
һ˾ˣߣҲһȵĿ˶G
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ʲô˼ǰսİȫ˵㣬ռƣºַʣ𣿡
ƺʥЦû뵽Ȼһλûκõġ
϶ұ죡
ʱŭһƺʥĳЦһȣҲGסˣ
ˣͷҪϣʥԺôϻ죿
ȻΪǿߣʱ򣬶Ҫֵͨ̽ظ鹬ԸЩֲĴ
ͷȥ˭ҸǺ
ԣ׷ˣ
硭Gסˡ
ұ죬£˾ˣɲʣ֮£ѵG
ԣGˣ磬ҲʣˣȰ
㻹˵ұ죡Ҳ׵ŭˣ
ǣ磬ɷ磬ҴӼ֮һ֮ƴûһɷG
ţѵGһ£Ŀ⿴GЩɻ
ֵദ꣬ƽҲЩĦ˽⣬GΪƫһ㣬֪ʲôʲô²ѵԭ򣿡
磬ˣһò޹ϵɷGٴβһ䡣
ˣɷ㲻Ϊ˴ָˡ˵׵Ŀһ٣͵ؿηɰף϶˵
磬˰
һɲǣG˵Ĳ㴵ղűѵ޷˵һĻƵֱѪ
ŮˣŮ֮У֮УмɷϢGȵ
˼ǣ׻Щף
磬֮ǰǵԼ֮У˵ҪӮˣǸҩˣõĻҵĴָ
ǣ˵ѣƭǣѾҵĴָѾߵɷˣ
ˣʲôҴָڵĶĻɷɽǶһ޶İ
һˣѹ޷гŵ
δսǾѾŪˣ
GԽ˵Խŭ˵󣬾ָҶһָŭ浱Ϸɵ𣿽£һû꣡
ҪҩǵĴȥɣ
Gһŭȣʱʹ̣
ǣⲻӮ𣿡
Ҫ𣿡
оԵţ
ҪˣǾŪǣ
ǣӮˣ
ߣŪǣϷҲֱ˵ˣҩڿս֮ǰҾȻˣΪоԵſʤ
ˣòҩˣҧҰ
GһҶɫһ䣬ͱѿޱȣ
GҪҧ׼һˣû취
һɲǣ׵ĴҲվһأ֣£ɵøһ
ʥЩΪҲû뵽ƯӮսǱGôһ㱻ˣ
ΪΪʥǰںϣҲǿӲ˵Ľɫ
£ʥһᣬͺȵ޳ȣǻҪʲôGҩǸǲ
˵֣ʥϵͷߣ
ǣʥȡҩʱ򣬾Ͳַʽˣ
žʥ仰أʥʥƺʥǰ̤һޱߵĲɱʱ
ʱGɫҲһ䣬̤ǰһɷɲǣɱʱˣ
սһ


1012 
Ͽգʥ˵ɱʥ˵ɱһȴ
һһϿײ̬ü䣬ǲҵɱʱ˷俪ȥ
ҵɱ֮޲֣̱ڵء
ɱľҳײУֳϢҲŵ˼¡
ǧߣѾԷĽƣ˸ǧ˵Ϣʼɿ
ߣ㵱Ŵİ
һͲˣɱأΧأ
ɱֵʥֲģֵ֮УҲһλɣ
ЦGӵĲϷҲǻģǲҪҩ
Ϸǽҩ׸ˣô
ʥЩȻҲûʲôʱǵѪǣֵֻܼҪ˱壬Ƕ˽ˣ䣬Ǿ޿ܵģ⼸仰ʥ˵ޱȵţ
׵ȴһȻţҪԣ¹˭֣
ʥĿⶸһޱȵأ˵ģ
̸֮еĻҩζԽԽŨҶȴԽԽֱҪ㣡
Ȼ羸ʥʱӦȷġ
ʱӦޱȵǿӲҪȻĻ֪G޳ܵļһ޳ܵҪ
ǣʥǺҶ濼µĳ㣬ǲͬġ
ʥǴʱǿӲҪΪҶ濼ǣҶGĵѣǿӲ̬ܹGò
Ҷ治ͬҶῼµĳ㣬ʦηɰ׵İΣΪ¸ٴĴۣҲҪΪʦηɰõҩ
Ϊηɰڵĺ׳˱ɷǹ춾صѹǿ˼֣ǿһҡ
һµʱ䣬գ۾͹ǶҩGĶŶҩҶҪҩȻֻܴGã
ʥʱ̬ȣGٲҩǾͿս
ʥʵһսӮܴ
ǣȻӮˣGõҩĿҲǳС
G˵һӲͷܻȥҩ
˵GԸǽҶ滻Gλϣͷʮа˾Ҳ
ҪҶ泦ӿ¶ûˣ
ʯ䣬һϵͷҶԺһһһɲǣҶ涸һ̤һ˿ҶеɱֱʥԿʥеG
ҽļʶʲô޳ܣ
ȻңҲò˵޳ܣǳĹãƵҲòͷ
˵ţҶGָͷ
·Ըѡ
һ·ǳ׵̸ȫ濪սͿ˭ܳŵЦˣ
Ҷ˵һ·ޱȵľʥˣͬʱҶ˴ĴָƾҶⷬҲܹ֤ҶѾʥС
٣Ҷⷬû׹ͷ
Gɫһ䣬˵ͬʱҶȴٴ˵ڶ·ôܽҩ㻮ɣ
һʥɫͬʱһ䣬Ҷȴתֵǣ֪ΪҺãҲ¡
ǣʦ£Ҳͷ˭ͷ򲻵ѣǲԸøΪҶԳɱģ
ηɰ׵ĿⶸؿҶ棬˵ʲôȴҶҡͷʾ⣬¶һȻ
ҵ·
GЦΪһѡڶ·ٺ٣Ҫƫƫѡһ·أѪսףݣǲǽҩأ
ҧҰҰ
ʦܣҪҩҪҲգηɰҲ̲סŭ
ҶȴЦˣ˭˵ҪˣȻҪݣǾͷඣ˵ţҶٴתľһֵ磬չ黹Ҫһˣ
֮أ
ʥͬʱЦЦһ㣬ֱʯЦУʥ⿪ʼޱȵضش
Ҳһɲǣȴ͵ػͷݺݵĶһ۶GУǾζ
ھ⣬ڳκˣö룬ܲ¸࣡
ӦǾGĪҪ̫𣬱Լݽȥˣ
ϾʥʥǿߣȻ̸˭˭ƾĶۣʥսҪǿһЩԳ¡
Ҫǣǿ֮սʵֲ̫ˣ
һȫ濪սЩƴµһƬҵͻḶˮ
Ϊǿ֮ѪƴֱӱĨȥĵ죬̫ˣÿ궼ᷢ
Ŀǰԣ׻Ը⿴
ãã֮ϵڶ࣬Ҫһһǳʺܹĺȴ̫ˡ
ϴһɣĶGЩѿ
ϷȱΪҲԸƽ֮Ĵսԣ򺣣˵ҸᣡGЩɫĺȵ
У
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޵࣡ʥĳЦ
˾ӦʮյʥЦ
һһֱͣӽGˣûõ
һĻҲҶЦ
λ磬ʲôĶأ
GǱɱģ湻ġ
һᣬôҶʵ
G۾һУ˸ΣյĹ⻪һָҶ򺣣ҲҸһսҪܡ
㲻˵Ҫսʤɣ񲻳Ƥ׵öôǿ󣬲˵仰ҶֱӴGĻ˵
Gǵͨ죬˭˵ҪսʤˣǿϷ˼Ϸֵ£֧ʮϢֻҪϷֵ֧ųʮϢϷͽҩ㣡
ֵ֧ʮϢ͸ҩأҶкһ棿
棿
һʥ˶ʱˣĵܣɱGĶ񵱰ǿߣҪһеնɱ㣬˵ʮϢʮϢʱ䶼ɱʮˣ
ͬһʱ̣ʥ괫ҲҶԺĵܣ֪
ҽ֣ȷʵֵ֧ųʮϢǸ࣡
ǣGһ
ȷʵȫ֣ûκεɱģGһһ֣ͻ뾡һа취ɱ
ÿһУǼɱУ
GΪֻҪһУ͡ңGΪǲ࣬ؼʱ̣Ǿ㣬ҲûǸᣡ
ʥȰҶͻЩжˣȻΪĳЩ׵ԭΪνֵܣʱ˿̣ȷȷʵʵΪǰ
ףǣұ롭˵Ҷ͵ؿһηɰףҶǾ޷Ŀηɰ׶ģ
ҶĿⶸؿ˶GãҴӦ㣬㽻֣ǣҲһܼ򵥵
ʲôGʵ
ԣ
˵棬궾ģֻҪֵ³ŹʮϢýҩ


1013 ʯͷԼ
ҶϵģGȻӦķǳˬ죡
ֱӰҶҪ󣬷궾ԣǿ궾ģһӦ֣
ת䣬ҶGΪʲô֮ķʹˣ
ţ
Դߵǿţ
һλǿߣ˵ߣ£һߡصߣҲƵ顣
ҲͿصߣܸǶԿѡ
Ҷ㲻ͨߣս뿪صΣ
֮ǰѾʶҶƵ¡
򺣴ʥɣ
΢΢һ֣GһԸȴգ󣬾;ӸµĶҶ棬˫Уɷ
ѾˣһһҪҶ浱նɱҪնɱҪҶ꣬ĥһ֮ȻһüǮ
磬һῪս֮󣬾ˣҶԣս˵ǶһϢǶϢҲģ
Ҷ仰ûˮݣ
һλҪƴǿߣҶԼû̫İա
ĵܷģ
򺣴ʥģػеģλʥǰϷϰϢҲܣ˵
Ҷ棬Ϊңֵˡηɰ׵ͻҶԺ𣬲ηɰ˵꣬ҶͷҲصĳգٸηɰκȰĻᡣ
ϣҶΣηɰĿУǸӡ
ҶոշɵеɲǣͿGѾԼǰܲһغޱȵУ
ȻҶһ׼
һ㣬ҶһGеĻҪѶԸģϽ
һҲΪǿŶ⣬ʮֵСģȫ׼
ȻҲǰսʱҶŴγйϵ
㻹İһĻҶ̵˵
GмɨҶһۣսǰƶѣҲԵģҪб£ԽϷһɱĳ̶ȣҲûģ
G仰УŨŨķ̣һɲǣ۾һɣ͵شס
նҶ棬ͷ֮䣬ȻһγһģһҶ档
ʱһһģһҶ棬ɢÿһҶ֮䣬ҵķΧ
ɲǼ䣬GЩΣ̲ס۾
۾ͬʱޱȵ겨Gɢ˶Ҷ棡
Gٴδס
ֱ粻
Ȼֱ粻Ҷ֮Уһһǻ
G͵شסָҶ澪ôԡ
սǰƶѣԸ˵ģҶֱӴGĻ˵
GһȻһְʯͷԼŵĸо
̰һСˣûҶ棬ȴû뵽ԼԼ˸ӣ
ǵ׼ֻԲȫ
ҶʱҲ޷ֱٵķһսʼٿĵϢϵʱ䣡
ʱ䱦󣬿Gʱжˣ
׼Ҫû׼ˣܿԼ˵䣬еҶ棬ͻݺᣬλ
£Gǵоûˣ
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λɣսʼ
Gصĵڣʥ׵ͷͬʱӿֳһһ
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ʥͫҲ͵һһ֣ȻͶǿĻ
GǰϺɫĹ⻪ɢ¶һǾ»ƵɫһεֶסöɢǿϢޱȵɫ
һΣ
ݣ
һϺɫĻ棬شķɳ·һһ㣬ٵĺҶһٺ˵ķ
Ȼ޷ֱҶӰ٣Ǿֻķˣ
һɲǣGһ׷Զ˵ҶӰһ׷һ߼ٵĻζеɫ
ɫζٶȼ죬һɲǵĹ˶Ϻɫʹɫзɳ·һһ㣬ֱ׷ڼ˵ҶӰ
ǰһɫ֮յ죬գһɲƺպƵġ
ɼGɼGҶɱ֮ң
˵һǣҶǱɫߣҲʱͱᱻٻɻң
ϣηɰ׵ʮָһ𣬲Ľʶ
ͬһɲǣʥͷΪ
ۣ
ӰӰ
һĵӰ֮GΪ˷ܣĿĶŽӰٴλζ
ѾӰĸҶˣۺޱȣ˷ѣ
ʱʮɫ֮GĿ£Ӹ·鵯һ˽룡
˲Ϣ䣬һӰػ
Ҷ֣
ʱҶҡϡ¡򣬸һɫ
һɲǣҶŵĵĺˮˡ
֪ӰĹǰܲãҪǲãɾҪһˣ
޴Ҷ֣͵һ
Ҷδùٴζã
޵츳ǿ󣬻Ϊ
Ҷħʺ϶̾볬ƶǰΪҶΪߣһƶһһǧ׵ľ룬ѹˡ
Ҫһʱ䣬ȴֻܷɿӹһǧ׵ľ룬ԿʱѾˡ
ԣܳʱ䣬ҶѾˣ
ڣȴʵĲˣ
ҶֻҪѳɫΧȺͺá
ˢ
ɫ⻪һҶΣشɫİΧȦһ
ҪĲЩҪǣɫ棬ȻûӰε׷Ҷ档
ʧȥĿһ㣬ԳŸԵķֱ߷С
Ҷһ
Ӱõ޷ϢãǿߡԻҲЧģ
ҲǣҶӰڵ͵ģڵжҶԼҲ֪
ʧЧǲŲ
G鶸һʱᵽܼǰľˡ
޷
ɫеϢȻҶϢ⵽ʲô
Ʒ
һ·һGG˲ϢͻһӰ׷Ҷ棡
ͬһɲǣ·ͻߵľУ׵ľ
ϣʱ˳ӿң


1014 ɲ
GмǣȫԸ׷ɱҶ棬±߻ҵľȴüͷ΢΢һ壬ʶɨһۡ
һۣG˴ţ
ǰΪ˺ɱҶ棬ҶӰ޲ȫλɱ߶һʮɫ棡
ĿҶɫȻ˵޷ҶϢҶܹɫ档
߿֮󣬺Զա
գɫ潫ɢУǣΪǶȲͬȻ߿պ˵棡
һǹ켣Ȼ·ĴﲻŴĴߣ
ʱЩΪһĻһ֮ʣͷ
ҲһĻȴҲֻܾȴûκµĿܣ
ʱ̫ˣɫǶGȫ߶ƷĹԴ׵ΪҲ£
ԥһ£Gر˼겨޵겨شɫɢ
ʱƼֲɫϢĴڲ߽⣬Ԫɢ˿У
Ȳ֮£GֻܶɫڵһϢֱӴڲ
ҪȻԼɱУûк䵽Ҷ棬ԼºһƬǲĴЦ
ºǳ鷳
ԣѣؼʱ̣GҲֻȷֳһ
ϿGһΣʱ򣬻׷ɱҶ棬ǺԵģٶ½ɫڵϢʱGΣԵһͣҶ֮ľ룬
Ĺ򣬾ʥͷֵļϢѾﵽ
⣬Gٴμ٣Ǹһ׷Ҷ棡
ͬһɲǣԵĸӦGٶȱ仯Ҷ棬һǣظһ˿Ц
ںʱĶˣ˼ά콩ˣһҪӣŴƬ½أ
һҶξ׹һ㣬˲Ϣ׹·ïʢɭ֮У׹ɲǣͷһΣӰҶ߳գۼɭڵ˷ȥ
ҶٴʩչӰGüͷһ壬ŵһɲǣȻҶһ˿Ļᣡ
ԥģǰƮμ£ɫХźɭ֮ҶΣ
Ҷɭ֮УGҲӥĿ磬׼ȷҵҶӰֻǣҵҵȴֲҶģ
ֻը
ͬһʱ̣ʥ׵ˣͬһɲǷչս
䣡
ҶһӰʼ飬ͬʱӰڵɭڵķԲǧ֮ڣԱһٻɻңɭڣʱȼڴ
ߣԭ
ΨһһҶӰһξͱܹɫ档GЦ
ζ֮࣬˫Ʒ·һһȦȦɿĴGɳ·һĻһ㣬ޱȵ׷Ҷ棡
ɲǼ䣬ؼ䲼޵
ҪǣһĻӹɭȼյڴɲǣᾡеĻ׳
˲Ϣ䣬ǾG˫ƿƵʮϢͱ÷ֲ
ҶоеļúҶ棬ֻҪӽҶһ׷Χ֮ڣܹٻҶ棡
֮ؼͱһƬɫһɲǱޱȣ
Ҷףʱκγ̶ȵ֣
ԥģ鱦׹͸ҶĶͷ׹ⶸؾҵ˸һ£
¡¡
Уһ߰Ĺ⻪ػʣGĻΧȦһţ
ʱҶݳȥΣGסˣ
꣬ϵôӵôŭ䣬GһҲͬһ׷ȥ
ҪǣҶ߰⻪˸ͣGȻһֱ׷ȴ׷ϣ
ҶĹ򣬼ѾﵽʮϢ
֮һʱȥˣGż
ͻأGһߣСһл棬ڿԼ
ȥ
׷еG߳һǰϺɫطɳһţ
ԼԼֻһϹڷٵĽӽҶ棡
ʱҶ࣬ȴĪĿ˼£һݵľ޴ΣգڷɿĽӽţ
չɲǣҶ淢GƷɫĹ⻪ʱڷٽӽҶɫŰ׳ɫֱҶ棡
ΪӮһսGȻϧֱӶƷѻϻıԴɱҶ棡
ܵɫ̺ļ䱩ŰϢҶǳףҪǱһ¸ˣɻңҲҪɢ
ʱʵʵɫֱӹ׹飬߰Ĺ⻪һҶٴԶݡ
ǣƷѻϻٶȴҪҶĹ⻪ҪһЩ
һɲǣG۾һɣָҶŭ򺣣ô޳ܣ
ȴǷһҶ澶ֱı˷ֱӴܽǧӢǵͷϷ
˵ģGѻϻҪǸ׷źֻҪҶһѻϻͻᲨȺӢߣ
һ֮£˴пܵģ
ٺ٣һһ㣬㣬ǲ˵㣡
ݣɵ˰ȥʲô֮ջѻϻGƿڴ
һʱ֮䣬ǣͷ亹乣һţͶˣ
ҶûһؾɲǣһַֻӰ
һΣҶӰȴûӣͷG
Ҷ淢ֻ֣һζӣ˵ʮϢʮϢŲȥ
Gһ㣬漴Цһúã㲻
һɲǣGֱҶӰɫ⣬شһλҶĶͷֱĺ
Gϲ
ǻû˵꣬GͱþޱȣһȦȦۿɼ˲ϢǰһС
гֵɲǣҶͺеģɲʧ
ʱͣôʮ֮һϢ
Gһرޱȵ죬ͷ·Ѫһ㣡
٣
·һ㣬Gͷжر⣬G̲סľ֮ۡ˲ϢѪ
սĴ׵۾صɴ󣬡򺣴ʥȻܹҶܣһص߶ѣôܣ
ټһϢʥȻѵУҲڵ𾪣
Ҳû뵽ⳡսȻһ浹׷ɱҶķ
Թߵ𾪣GֱӲս֮˵𾪣ֱ޷ݣ
һܵ𶯣ֱ鸮
꺣鸮˿˿ƣ
һܵƣGʮǰ׷ɱһλ벽ߣԱˣ
ҶصΪȻܹ˵
ǣ𾪲Žǿʼѣ
Gۡڡ쭳Ѫɲǣ¡¡ĹٴһֱˮͰϸ߹⻪ʹͷ£
˲ϢͽGд䣬˻̿һ㣡
һɲǼ䣬Gˣ
һһߺGͷֱӽGմ棬GĻƤ̿һ㣡
һԪʹ˷עGڣһɫ͸⣬GۿɼڻָҶԿGƤѿ䶯ڷɿĻָţ
ǿߵǿ󣬿ɼһߡ
վG޸ٶȣǱҶƻһ
սȥձɱģG
ǣҶĵߺ䵽GͷɲǣGѾ׵ķӦ˹
ǰƮѻϻ嶸ɢƬƬɫ棬ʱͽGŻס
Ҷߺոѻϻ巢ɫ֮Уͱޣ
΢һ˫к
ҶǣһΣG·Ӧһ㣬ǰһȻܿҶһεĺ
̾һϧܵǴƬƬɫɢĿֲϢһɲǣҶֽһٴ߹⻪Զ
ʱѹʮϢһϢһƽŴߴ֮⡣
ɲǼ䣬Gͼˣ
ҪϢ֮ʰҶ棬ôGɾɨˣ
αֱ׷ҪǣҶ˶٣ǰҶѾܳԶ
ʮϢ
ʮϢ
ʥļǴһ㣬GߵûǵģƺʥտȻֻʱ䵽һ͸GҶ棡
ʮϢ
һϢG۾رѪ죬һҶ֮ľ룬͵һҧͷһڵɫıԴѪ뺣˲ϢͷעƷѻϻ塣
ʱѻϻ棬͸һϹ⣡
һɲǣѻϻ·һֻεĴ־ҡ͵ؼٵĶ
ĶУ̺һɼ겨
֮Щ߷׷Դҽ
ʱһУGȴǹ˲õģ
һɲǣŵĹ겨߹⻪Ҷ棬͵һһ׹е
򺣣ɣ
ЦһѻϻһΣһһɫ棬ͷ·һҶ棡
ʱʥʥƺʥ˵ͫͬʱһޱȵĽšģ


1015 
һɫѻϻкɲǣʥͷļõ⣬ͬʱʮ
ʮϢʱ䵽ʥǺ䡣
ΪڣѾ׼õĸʥƺʥͬʱ춸ػһҶ棡
죬ģƺʥǰĺɫ˿аĹ⻪ɲǼ䣬ɫ˿оͲա
ޱȵĲһҶɫ棡
һɫںɫ˿еĲٶȶ͵رһţɫ˿ͬھ
ǣƺʥ븲ʥжٿ죬Щˣ
Gһɲǣʱ䵽˵£һĺʮɫ棬ɱҶ棡
ʮɫ֮Уƺʥеǣ
ʥĸɾȥɲǣѾˣɫѾ׵Ҷ棬ֻϯɫ棡
ĵܣ
ʥ춯صıһʱѹ˵ϵǧߵĲҽ
һηɰ׵һףңң׹
ͬһɲǣGĨһǵѪһŻ⣬һɣ
һɲɱҶ棡
ҪȻһСǴ󰡣
漴·ߵĲҽGĶС
GĿһɨЩȻ
ȲѣƷѻϻһɱУѻ
ѻٶõһɱУһּ깥һǲֵҵķΧ
ֻҪѻķΧ֮ڣˣܵȴΪԶǿ
ȴǳϬ
ǰGλǿͰ벽ǿ߽֣кüΣƾѻȡ
ƾѻնɱһλ벽شһλǿߣ
ʱ̣ΪԭΪ˱֤ѻGעһڱԴѪѻϻ
ҶЧ⣡
ˬʹ죡
ǣ·һ߾ߵԵߵʬ壬ԴҽеľӢǣGֲ̫ˬˣ
һʹ
ɨһۣΪһѻڳߣֱӵ࣬⻹ǹؼʱ̴ױһ˵ԭ
ŵˣųɶˣ֮һˣϵˣ
ģûüĹûָģ
仰˵һδ˽롣
ȻʥһҲû˸
ʧˣҪѵˣ̾һGĿޱȡ
һУȫ쵰GĿ⣬Ϳ˱ɫеҶ档
֪һ֮£Ҷ꣬ܲ༸ɣ
ɫȻ깥ǶҲһ˺
ҪܹҶ򺣴ʥϣҶ꣬ѰҾߺʵ嶼ûˣ
֮Ϊ걾ģ˵Ǹ֮ǰѾش
Ҷ
G붼룬϶Ѿɻҽˡ
ǣGʹϧĿصʬջȥʱ͵һ
GЪ˹Ĵôܣôܻţôܣ
ԶҶ汻ɫ䵽ɵǸڣʥָ˵ҩҶ
һĻĻˮǵҶ潹̿ϣҶڵĻ𶾣
ʱηɰѾ˹ȥϲҶ֣ʦܣ㻹ţ㻹ţ
ôʦ㣿ҡ
ҶĻû˵꣬;ͱηɰһŵҩˡ
⣬ôȻţҲҶˡ
һGϧıԴѪǿѻϻٶλӢ߸Ҷᣬû뵽Ҷ滹ţ
Ҷῴȥܲң
Ǻܲңȷʵţ
һţӮˣGҩɣҶЩѾ˵
㲻ҪˣϽѹڵĻ𶾣ʥҶһۣ
ҶGʱͻҰ͸˼һɣʹͷɥĴƵ
GȴŽҩĿ⿴˴ףУƺѯ֮⡣
ײɫҡҡͷ̾һͲٹGתپ
ԼҩɣʥһҶ棬Щӣ
ҶܹΪλʦƴ壬֤ʥûпˣǣƺҲûѡˣ
ҩGϣظֳһ˿Цݣҩðɣ
ʥɫһ䣬㲻룿
Ҹ𣿡
GͻЩϷʵĿηɰһ۵ҩûУȴиⶾķӣңף
ûУʲôӣ˵Ҷ
ϷĶطֻܸʦһˣ˵ţGĿͿηɰף괫㣬һ֪
ãηɰ׿Ҷţҧ촽˵ͷ
һɲǣ΢겨ηɰG֮겨ոɲǣηɰ׵ͱЩ졣
ǳԾ
ˣⶾѾˣܲܽⶾͿԼˣGЦ鼫Ķηɰһۣһʼߡ
״ҶȴǼˣ㡭ʲô˼
ʲô˼Ϸʲô˼أҩѾˣôţ㻹ҲǰɣGȲ˵
ǡ
ʲôţʦ㣿GٴκٺһЦ
ʦܣȷʵҽⶾ֮߰ɣηɰ˵
ҶȻЩɻ󣬵ηɰ׶˵ˣҶֻգ
˵ţʥøҶ棬ϵĴ߶ڵĻˮҶڵƣ
Ϣ֮󣬾ʥ˴Ҷηɰͬʱգ߶ˣٻᣡ
ٻᣡ
λɽģˮ֮£ĳˣձк׻ûʲôGȴЦһ
Ȼô
ģ԰ͣպҶĳػرҶȵ
ܺãҺڴ
ҪСˣصΪò˼꣬ҵΪͻгɱ
ϣʱΪҲһɱҪȻٺ١
ĻҶ沢û˵ڣֻһЦ˼Gȴײ
ɲǼ䣬Gɫͱޱȣжأ
Ҷһ仰ȴ˵Ŀ
ò˼ʱ䣬ԴҶΪԿԳɱɱأ
ǿߣΪܹ߼أ
ĪGһգ
϶ʧˣȻȷ򺣴ʥǴУУһʼҪϧɵ򺣴ʥ
ôǸ֮ʰ
׵Gӵİգ磬˭֪С˱̬ҵѻϻ巢ɫ氡˾ӲһҪ˵ģСȴ
ЩѾˣҪģԺ󣡡׵ĿЩԶ
Ժ󣿡Gһ㣡
ǰ㲻ã򺣴ʥҶ棬һ鷳𣿡˵
Gһ㣬磬˵
ǰʥʥȻ·磬ҪƴҲô
£Ժ࿹⣡
ǣһ򺣴ʥҶ棬򺣴ʥҶǱ˾޴ƾصΪƣɱصߣشصߡ
һȫ֮£֧ʮϢ
ԺأΪͻƵٷءءصʱô죿
ֻ²򺣴ʥΪأСӵΪֻҪأսоܸɼв
ʱʥܾҪʥѹˣпܻΪСӶ׵ǡ
ԣGȴǱޱȣ磬ȻСв֮Ǿ취δɳ֮ǰ׵Ĩɱ
׵Ĩɱкΰ취ʵ
G˼˰Σҡҡͷ磬ѣΪ˵ãս󣬾˱ضϼӱҪҵᣬѣ
ֻҪңеģҪӳ飬ڼ䣬ȫҵĽ˵
GһģֻҪܹɱ飬ҳһڶʲôУ
ãڣϾȥţϷҪ̵ʱڣ֪Сӵһ鱨һ

ҶŸʥ˵˵GĿֲ»ʱããһСϣͻȻһں˸ŴĿ⻪ľ޴ĺģ
źƮչԶԶȥ·һһ㡣
ɲǣԲ֮ڣе޶طҳ
Բĺ棬ƽû˲Ρ
ʶ˿ͻϳӵĺ졣
֮֮أ
ģһĴʣȽȽ
ûãһһ⣬ʼ˷֮У


1016 ŭ
ĵܣ㵹˵˵GɱһУ㵽ôܹȥģʥҶڸϣʥƺʥʥ˷ֻңһ·ٷ
ûԶƺʥ̲סʵ
˵ɾˡ
˵һ룬Ҷһ٣һƺʥҶͻһĪĲʱŪһµ뷨
Ͼϣ⼸λƴڱԭѿڶĺŪ֮ԣ˻ȥ
磬ҪһıҶ˵
ʲôƺʥһĺ棡
һԵĻ˲Ϣ伤һΪǿĻܣҶ˵
ԵĻ
ƺʥҶ񶸵رòһЩԾԵĻ㾹ȻиԵĻһδأóҿ
ܣ
ʥƺʥһܣĵܵıܸ֮Ͳˣ㻹뿴ʵ˲֪أ
ʥһѵƺʥĶʱЩΡ
ҶȴЦЦҲʲôܣöĴָԷųһ汣õĳ»ܣ
Ҷָ
ܱҲȫǳ»ܵԭ򣬳»ܣܹסһɫѣ
Gѻϻ巢ѻʵ϶Ҳûж˺ֻҵķжݷѣ෴ģң
һɲǼ䣬ŵʮ鱣õټұҲϰģǱɱһ֮У˶
˵Ҷ鶸һݣǿߣһĶɱʵֲ̫ˣֱǲ
ڻҶ滹Щ£
ĵд˴սףԺΪٽһ֮󣬶ǿߣ൱һս֮ӽĵӦСģʥ˵
Сģ˼ǣ
ʥر֮ˣЩһֱ£ĵķͷ֮ʢǸӵļɵ˵أزʹ˰֣
ܻһЩ˵ֶΣʥ˵
ԣҶɫֵģһģ
˵꣬ҶĿȴǿηɰףʦ㣬ĽҩҪЩҩģҪҪҰæ
Ҷηɰ׵Уһ˿ҡ
Ҳͬʱʥõæص֮ʦֱһ嵥͵ҩ⡣
ҩУȻȫͳȥҪҩﻹ䲻ȫĵǩһ٣۹ΪʦѰȱҩģ
ҶĿ⿴˸ʥ⵹ҲǣҲûзηɰеһ˿ң
ʦ㣬ȥ֮ǵõģҪʲôҩģֱһ嵥Ҷ˵
ηɰȴǻҡҡͷãҩǺܳҩģֻǹˣԼͿ԰Ūã
ηɰ˵ҶҲͷˣ˫רĻָڵƣ˺Gɫ֮ڵĻ𶾣ȴǳĹ鷳

ϣĺ죬ӭչ
еʣš
֮ڣӸ߸̨֮£Ӱš
̨·һֲλɢϢߴ￪صĴڣѾ˵λ
λŽʮλʹ
ôˣڵˣһԲÿ˵飬أ
ϿգӭչɢһĪϢ
ûãһ˺Խʣΰ֮󣬾Լλá
΢΢һɨһۣ±۾
ʱһַֹȥ죬ûκһ߸ϵ֮ڣ
ĳʱڵӣ͵˫ۣŴڵߣʹϧ
ʱѵִʹߣ

һ߶شʺ֣һ֮ر˴ʣλȱϯ
ʮʹһʮһˣʮλʹ½ϵİʹ
Դ˴κжȷսİʹжʮλʧٵİʹʮλִʹ߻ر
δʵλԭ򣿡Ӻȵ
ʧ֮£ѾϸرڽĿǰûκϢλѾøطϵͨûκνϢ
ϵƲ⣬Ѿ䣡
ʲô䣿Ҳס͵վĿĶ˴ʹߣѾ䣿ôܣ
׿Ѳ⣬ǽôҲܣλʲôжϣ
һڵʹϸ˾ɫ
ִʹ߻æڵأ˫һ򣬡ǰʱ֮ǰͨŲ͹һ֪
ӹ򣬽һۣһͻĵ̨֮ϣУд𾪣
ѪһŻδȫȻϢѣ
ӵ֮У˶Լԭί
Ѫѣһ䣬ߵӡҲ٣ӶֱӵСɢ
ǡأλϿжϣӼ
ִʹҡҡͷĿǰûУҪ̫ңԶϵޣص׼λ֮󣬻н
ڵΣرޱȵĳ
֮Ӳٴοڣ£µʱڣһλʧһλʮʹʮλ
֮һʵǵƤӵʧˣǣǵĵˣֻصΪȴôʧ
Ϊʲô
ΪʲôǶ룬Ϊʲô
εҵĿ꣬ÿβˣΧԱնɱΪʲô
ӵر÷ŭϰˣΪµһ˸ǣ
أ˶ˣһλ
ԴΪǣֿÿһ󣬶ģȫˣ
ǲǵ伸λǲŻᾯѣ
ǿ󣬵Ǿԣǻ̬ͲԶˣ𣿡˵ţӶرһ
ʱһڰʹͬʱվӦµ֪𷣣
𷣾Ͳˣ׾ͺã
ϣӽڳÿһˣʮ־ǼǰǿƬҵʱһÿһɲǣ£κˡ
ֻصߣҪʮֵСģ
ԲϣλϢ仰λ˵ģ
λȻӦǣ
ˣɢȥˣڿʼȫ׷Ǹ֣ƣǣҲܻķˣ£һҪСģ
ûãڵ˾;ɢȥһֱһԵִʹߣȴֵһ
ǸոյļλϵϢ
ӹһӵ飬ͱ÷ǳѿǽҲпѾ䣡
ҪΪ油Ϊʵˮlʮһε͵Ὣزܴ


1017 ⶾ
򺣴ڵľڣηɰϸĵĸҶǰ˿ͿĨһ࣡
ÿͿһ࣬ηɰ׾ͻ߻ֱɫɵɫȥɫ࣬ٴͿĨһȫµ࣬ظ֮ϣ
ظ꣬Ѿʱ֮ˡ
ʦ㣬£ȫҪЩΪֻл龳ŮҲģҶ濴ſʼηɰ׿Ц
ʱηɰ׵Ľüһ߳ʲô˼ҲҲĲãҪǷһӵ飿
һ߳ȣֱӽҶˣҶٴοЦðɣʦ㣬Ҳ˵ˣҪö۵ˮɢԡζˣҪҪ
ž
ηɰһҶ汳˿ϣĵҶ淢һҽУ󣬹⻪һηɰ׾ʹʧ
Σ
ҶεĿЦȫǱGģ
ɫĻ𶾣Щһֱδ壬˿Ҳһֱδãʥ˵̺Gĵ֮ҶΪǳҪ޸
ҶĸоУGϻ֮Уȴ͸һɼԵа֮Ща֮֮һ㣬֮ȥ
ᦵɫ֮ЧҲһ㣬˿ںֱָܿܿƻˣ
ȱҶҲǳĻ
߰ƵζøʥƵˮɢ޸˿ڣЩЧģ
ҶƣһĹ򣬾Ϳȫָˣ
ֵһ˵ģ⼸ηɰһֱźλƽؼʦ̣Ҷһʱ֮仹Щϰߡ
ηɰԼԣҶҪ治ǣѵúý飬һֱһ
ԣҶͲˣỤ̊Ǻõġ
Ȼʱֱһ㣡
תۼ䣬ʱֹ죬Ҷ֮ǰܵƣѾȫָˣηɰҶ򺣴æǰæ
ʦܣʦ԰ƵİӸȥЧòηɰ׶Ų˵
ףʦ㣬ʲôʱ᰾˰
Ҷһ٩ηɰȲȣҵˣ
ȣȣ
Ҷӹ룬ں꣬ŵףʦ㣬ôһֵζʲô
ûʲô
ηɰû˵ԼһӸǣηɰ׵֣ȴڷ
ηɰ׶֣ƲסĲţ඼Ҫεˡ
Ҷ󾪴ɫæסηɰ׵ʦ㣬ôˣĪ㻹ûнȥ֮
һ֮ĸ֣ηɰ׵飬·ʲôһ㣬رޱȣ͵Ҷֱ֣ӽеİӸһ
ʦ㣬ǣ
Ծ
Ҷ汾ܵľãԾ
ηɰ׵ı飬ƺЩ
ʦ㣬㿴Щ춼æʣڵĶôˣҶæʵ
ڵĶˣηɰ״
ʲô˼ˣǽҩˣҶʵ
ˣ
ԣҶһǾͺãֻҪܽˣҾͷˣ
ͻأηɰһǰδеĿⶢҶ棬Ȼһֻ˵ʦܣһ£㣡
ʦ˵Ҷ˵
ûϲңηɰͻﲻݵ˵
ʲô
ҶʶĶ˶䣬һľɣʦ˵ʲô
㣬ûϲңηɰÿ϶ޱȵ˵
Ҷ˲ϢˣףηɰͻȻ֮Ϊʲôأ
ң⣬Ȼûش
˵ھ˵Ҫ˵ʵηɰ״ߵ
˵ˣʦ㲻ңҶ̽ʵˣʦ㣬ΪʲôҪǲǡ
㣬شǣηɰ׺ǴֱĴҶĻ
˵ʵĻȷʵϲʦ㣡Ѹ˵꣬Ҷڳһƣ
еЦȴʵ
ηɰ׵ԸʱȻֺһ㣬ʱǿĺӣ˭ˣȻĶ
ԣηɰȴͬչһЦϲңҾ͸ˣҶ棬Ҫף£ʦҲǳΣ
ң缸Ļҿܻġ
ηɰ׵Ļû˵꣬Ҷ鶸һ䣬͵Сʦ㣬ߣʲô
ΪʲôҸоһĻֱ֫ٹǣСҶεĿһԼ°ЩΪļн˫ȣ
û˵꣬Ҷ;ȵķ֣ηɰװϾӣҲһɲǱ÷ۺۺģգ¶˵񾱣Ҳ÷ۺޱȣҲɢһޱ˵Ϣ
ηɰ׵ĺҲüͦظҵţҶܹᵽηɰ׺дŵ㣡
ʦ㣬ǡҶ澪㵵ķ֣٣ȻҲĿηɰףֲΡΡץסηɰ׵֣ʱһֱηɰ£뻳еĳ嶯
һɲǣҶоǿϢƺ˻棡
ǿ־ֹҶ潫ηɰ뻳УҶ漸òηɰʵʦ㣬㵽סҡˡʲôУ㡭ôҲ䡭ˣ㵽Ҫʲô
ʱηɰֶѾ÷ۺۺģʦܣ㻹𣿡
֮Уҩ
ҩ
ԣҩܹÿ߶޷ֿĴҩ
ΪΪʲôҶ泹׵Ժˡ
ʦҪʲô
Ҫǿ
ͼʲô
ͼʲôҲ
ⶾ
Ϊ˽ⶾ֪GǸ϶괫ҵĽⶾʲô𣿾ŮʣµĻηɰȴҲ˵ˡ
ǡҪҡæҲڡ⡭ҶоѾЩƲסԼˡ
ҪҪô죿ұˣֱӸ˵
ôǸڣ˵ˣô
˵ηɰͻسԳԵЦʵֻΪ˷ѣҲ̫Σ㿴ڲѾ
ͷȥɲǣҶ󾽣ĹѾηɰ׳׵ӵ˻ýģ
ͬʱҶҲǴ󺹣ʦı뺷治Ǹǵģ
⵹Ҳǡ
˵ţҶҲ̲ס;͸ȥ
һʱ䣬ڣƬշ裬Ϣ˷

ŮϵһͻǸؿڣϵܶȻһ
һʱҶηɰӵԣҶһ㣬ηɰ׵˫գȴһ
ãҶŻ۾ηɰ׵Ķͷһǵʦ㣬ڵĶɽˣ
ûУ
ԣҶʱˣû꣬Gϻƭǡ
𼱣˵꣬ûȫ
GҵĽⶾ£Ҫ죬ܳ׵Ļ˫ܸ֮Ӧ֮ڵĶѾһ
˵ηɰ׵ȴԽԽֱͣС򸡣
״ҶЦˣηɰı뺷ĴڣҲк˵ʱ
찡
ҶҸЦˣ


1018 
ʱ䣬תۼ
ʱҶηɰ˺õ罺ᣬղࡣ
ʱڰʱҶηɰףԼͬʱޣηɰڵĶѾɾ˼ղĹ͵
֮ȴԾĽÿ춨ʱд似ʱʱĲĻ𻨣
תۼ䣬صѾһµʱˣһ죬ƺʥƵ򺣴ڻ
ĵܣҪǼȥˮl͵ᣬɾҪˣ
հһӨ͸ѵιҶηɰףһԽüʱ͵
ƺ͵
߳δأηɰ׵Ѿ˴⣬ɢޱ߱ɷ֮ɽͷĺеƺʥ
ҪɱˣģŵľУƺʥĶӡ
Ҷ棬˲˺˪򺣴Цʦһɻ湻Եģ
Ϣ֮ηɰ׻ת򺣴ĹĵģƺһûƤ⼸죬ɧǼˣ
ӦֻײġҶЩƺʥԩ
вŹ֣
һηɰ׳ŴƲƲأȥɣ
Ҷȴû뿪еĿηɰףʦ㣬ңӦþ⼸ҪҪǰˮlˡ
Ҳ׼һ£ʱһ
ң
ηɰԥһ£ҡҡͷǰˮlҪǾĵҩǼһУӦûʲôΣգҾͲȥˣ
ʦ㣬ҵ˼һ𡭡
һ𣿡
ηɰ׵鶸رø˼˰֮鶸ת䣬ᶨҡҡͷʦܣǸˣ
ԣҶ͵һ䡣
ʦܣ´һʼʵͺΣһ󣡶ǣȻ̰ĵ˽һ£֮Ѿȫ⣬Ӧá

ʦ㣬Ķǻˣǣȴ֮ĸ飬ⲻΣǲҪѣҶ͵ǰ§סηɰ׵磬еĴ
ȷʵΣǣҪһǲô죿ô죿˵Ǹô죿ηɰ׷һķʡ
Ҷһɲǣͱޱȵļ㣡
ʦ㣬⣬ûʲôôģǵеκһҶ
˵Ļ˧ǰ֮ڸϣҶѡѾ൱ȷҶԸ̤ϵĻ˧ĺ󳾡
һҪȫգҽ⣡ҽͱ˷ԣԺ⣬㡭˵ηɰ׵ͻرЩʹࡣ
ʦ㣬Ҫ뿪Һ𣿲ˣڻҲҲҶȥҶ鶸رʹޱȡ
Ŀ˰Ҷʹ飬ηɰͻһЦɵϣʲôʱ˵Ҫ뿪ˣ
ģ
Ҷ涸شϲǿнηɰ§˻ûͱηɰǿ
ʦܣҵԸ׵ģǾԲԸ˹ͬģ
ԣҶɫٴһ䡣
ǣñ㣬ǾνˣηɰЦ˵
ҶȴһԺʦ㣬⻰ʲô˼ôЩ㲻װǲܵģ
㲻ʦҵ磿ηɰЦ
磿
ţҺ֮䣬֮䣬һܻв֮䣬ǵռߣ
ǣҺ֮䣬Ҳռߣ𣿡
ηɰôһ˵ҶȻ򣬲ɵÿЦʦηɰ׵ı뺷һ㶼갡
˵ҶҲܽܣʵηɰ׸Ըһ˵οѡ
ʱȻ㷢Ѷ㣬ҪǸҲ͵ܳͷɣϰ˵
İʱ򣿡Ҷʵ
㵱ȻԸҷѶңȻԸԸ㣬벻㣬͵ÿҵˣΪ˶ԣռߣηɰһԵ˵
ҶȴǼһЦȥ룬ϣʦ϶ܾɣ
Ҵ򣡡
ηɰ׽߳һ򣬲Ҷһ;ֱ򺣴
ߣϣԸȥηɰϣȴЦ⡣

磬ǾõˣǲҪǰˮlˣڣʥʥƺʥѾȺ
ǰĵܣˮl͵ᣬһ֮ʽյ鱨𣬾Ѿи½ˮlˡ
ǰˮlôʱ䣬ԣҪʥ˵
͵һ°ſʼΪʲôô˵ˣҶü
ĵܣ֮кö߻ǰ·;ңԶʵֻΣҪ͵ᣬʵȫ͵ᣡʥ˵
ȫ͵ᣬʲô˼˵Ҷɻ
Ҫ˵һ㣬Ҫˮlʿ˵𣡡ʥ˵
ôܲһ𣿡
ǰҪȴˮlʿĴº˵𡣡

ʥһ˵ֱֱ˵˽ʱҶ顣
þʥĻ˵ˮlʿǿĴڣȴĴڣû֮һ
ˮlʿôˮlʿĿұ˵
ˮlʿĿұ£Ȼˣİ֮ǰˮlʿոճʮ꣬ҩյĴ
Ƶҩĳɹʷǳ߲˵ռϡҩĺ͹Źֵĵ
߼չЩΪչЩˮlʿƴͨҩ׬ȡ龧ȻչϡҩЩŹֵĵ
ģˮlʿͷߣԽԽˮlʿΪǿ¯ĹˮlʿͳʵĵΪҲﵽ˿ء
࿪һ㣬Ϊһͻǰչ
ʥǵˮlʿǰ
һٶ߻ͶûһΪڿصġ
ʱʮ꣬ʵ΢ΪĸҪ
ŵõսľĵꡣ
ףЩߣȫˮlʿˮlʿжߡ
ˮlʿ֮Ϊʵޣǰ󵤵һǲ٣ÿһߣãǿߡ
ϲеˮlʿǷʤ¹أÿʮ꿪һ͵ᣬ͵ڼ䣬˳Ѿƺõĵҩ֮⣬Ľ
ʮ꣬ŻΣЩҪҩĴڶԣ̫ˡ
Щĵҩҩķǳң˭Ҹһʦ̣
Ҫ̣ˣ̣ĵɾͲҩģЩܵΪ
ԣЩҪˮlʿĴǼˣ
ˮlʮҲʮǰһҪˮlʿæһŷҩⱣ
ǳǣʱ͵չһͷһ͵ỹھǽֵȲ
ǣŴ˽ˮlΧסҪǿˮlʿ
ĵܣôţʥͻ˸ӣ


1019 ֵܵ
£
ʥҶָµʱ䣬ʱһھͳ׵ĸ𣡡
ͷǱһλĴ͵ˮl֮ϣȡˮlγıᣡ
㲻ҪΪ±ʵȻǵһʵôǣڵʱʵһʵߵ˳ɣʥ
ʲô
仰ҶҲȥˣ˵ߵ˳ɵʵȻڱôܣ
ûʲôܵģ
ƺʥĻ˻֣ǲ֪ˮl֮Щǿǵķ񰡡
ЩܣһˣֻΪˮlһᣡ
˵Ҳֵôһ뿪ǰʮ˿ŽڻͷŽڳϵͷֵᣡʥҶָͷ
ǶˣҶǳԾ
־ɵӣˮlᰡʮΣ⣡˵ʵǰıҩˣʥ˵
˵֮ϣ˭ԣǾԲҪˮlˮl
ʥԣһս̫ңˮlһʱʹﵽ˶塣
֮ˮlһʤһգˮlҲسŵÿʮһε͵ᣬڿ
ңΪάˮl½˺üûκ˸ʮһε͵¡
ˮlʮһε͵ᣬͳȺ֮ʢ£Ϊǰ߶Ϊ߾֮ˣЩ겻¶ĻޣҲ棬еĴɴȥ
ܽôΪǿ߾۽һ£̫ˡ
ЩǿĴھһ̫ˣɴͨޡ
ģγһͳ
ÿ͵Ὺ֮ǰЩߴ֮Ľײϣɴ˿ʼٰ콻׻ᣬᣡ
ΪԷ֯ύ׻⣬ǳӣˮlʿԾͰˮl콻ס
ģ͵ͳ˶ǿ֮Դʢᣬÿʮ궼ٰһΣٶѾγ˴ͳģ
ڣֻҪŵϺŵĴЩǿߣÿʮһε͵ʱûҪĵҩҲɴǰμӣ˵ͳѰҵԴأ
Դ˸һЩڵĽ׺̸У
˴ǰϵˮlĳ档
ÿʮһε͵ᣬѾ½һִ֮ľۻʢ£
磬ô˵ҲҪȥˣҶʵ
ԣʥҡҡͷ
μһ꣬ҲˣоҲûɶ˼ˣңܵڼɣЩ꣬кЩܸȥˮlμ͵ᣬȴͷûŵģüˡ
ڣÿε͵ᶼȥһˣӦǡɣʥĿ⿴ƺʥ
ʲô⣬Ҳ̵ʱڸϵʥһ䣡
ðɣԲμ͵ᣬûʲôҪҵģҶʵ
ûʲôҪģˮlϣʲô͸ʲôֻҪˮlĽͺãʥ˵
ãˣ˵ţҶĿ⿴ƺʥ磬һ
𼱣
ʥȴЦĵܰΪĵλ򺣴ʥҲжʱˡ˵ЩģӦøһݼġ
ǰǶʵ֪ӦʲôھһսǾˣ
ԣλģһ׼һϣ㲻Ҫ
ҶЩȻ

ƺʥһһ޴ޱȵīɫʲҶ浱ͷ
ҶæϴľŽסȻһϸˣǣ
ԣڹǣ
ȴһֻ˵ϡѪϹĹǡȻ̭һ㣬ǣȴǷǳǿģ
ϣһƿԽǸķɣȴĲ飡
ؼʱǳĹãҲǳʺϬȴּĴڣʥ˵
㶼Ĳ飿
һ㣬ҶǳĳԾϸĴʮ״Сľ޴ǣȴЩ졣
磬ôӦڵķϢǳСƺƵĺǴֲڣҶʵ
ԣʥ˶һۣЦ֮ǰûԭ
̫Ӳˣǻǰֵһƴնɱ֮󣬵õģ꣬ҲΪ¶ˣˮl˱ҩʮȫָ
֮֮УγԶΣѰЩʦ뽫ǻ
ϧǣǰݷ˵ʮλʦǶΪǺñȴѹˣ
󣬻һλ޵ʦֵ֣ܴЭǿ˼󣬾ҲΪˣʥ˵
󣿡
Ҷ潫ִ˹֮ϣӿ˽ȥϢ֮󣬾۾ֻлǬⷨ󣬳֮⣬κη󣡡
ûҲǬⷨĵǿǱҪȻǱǧ׷ԲĴСóñȽԼˣʥ˵
СǧףҶЩԾ
ûϧλʦԣʵЩ㣬̵ǬֻⷨܽСʮ׷Բ
ؼʱ̣ȴǲˣĵԺлᣬƣƷʣΪûκģ
ˣĵܣڵķάʱĵ޴ƽطڴָ֮Уǧ׷ԲıСš
ȡõʱСʮ״Сסÿһָʮ״Сʱ򣬶ҪĴ
ûʲôԣһģܾҪ࣡ʥ
ⱦڵңȷʵǱĺñҶлλˣҶ֣˵
ĵܣ˵ͼˡ

ֽһ֮ҶЩڴĴ뿪ֱ򺣴
Ҷ뿪ıӰƺʥ̲סĴЦ磬磬ͻȻ֪ĵڹؼʱ̣ȡʱ򣬻Ǹʲôӣ
᲻ڹһڱϡӦΡ
ƺʥûЦ꣬ͱʥһۣǰǴѿǿһΣ
ʱƺʥ˵ˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ҶһĻת򺣴
һλʦԣʦ޷Ƶĵرһּ޷ݵĳ֮ġ
ԣһʱ䣬Ҷ뿴ĵ𣬻ɫ⣬ܲǣһ


1020 Сèʾ
ڶһ磬ƺʥ͸Ҷ淢˷ѶҪŸ·ǰˮlˡ
Ҷ浽֮ƺʥһɫҶ棬ȴȴЩŹ֣ĵܣɫڰɣǳһһϣԼͿ𣿡
ߣΪ˺̶ֳȣɫǹιǸյǿߣҪһģΪеĿܣ
ƺʥһҶģտʼҶĪŷӦ˹
ҶЦ磬
ʲôвģҲǹˣ֪ζǲЦģ
ȻżһΣҲûµģˣƺʥֱӴ˵ҶĻٴ
磬ˣŪһǸҵǸǣĶЩѣҶЦ
֪ģǸʦҶ油һ䣡
ƺʥ¶һŵģģ
Ҷصĵ˵ͷ
飬һľͷСʤ»飬һžǺü£ôܲúöһأƺʥ۾һɣͲҶˡ
ҶԣֻܿЦ
ʲô˵ƺʥһ˵ˣҶôðѵ
һҶСè˻֮磬ǰͷ·СèɣСèıϴϢһᣬ̫ˣ
У
ҶǣƺʥȴһҡҡͷҶЩơ
ôˣ磿
ôˣƺʥ۾ٴһɣ˵İ㹫Ȼ·㲻оʮʹĳطǰɣ
˵ͨУҪңֻһţҪƴҿɴ򲻹ǽӣƺʥ˵
Ҷ͵һԴһ磬ȴЩӺĳ̶ȴɣѾڵһеĸӦ
Ϊ򺣴ʥݣҶȴ⵱еΣʶˡ
ᾭƺʥһѣҶʱͷӦ
һӣҶСèСԼڣȻˣշиã
ԣƺʥְҶһۣ̫޷ʱά֣ƾշٶȣǰ¶ܹˮl
ǺãҶЩơ
٣ҿܵΪ׼ˣ˵ţƺʥһָȻָǴԶģָ궯䣬һѾɳ
ণ
ֱʯӥԶдֻһһһֻɣչɵĽɫھƺʥǰ
ҶǣȻɢ׺ڵϢ˵ֻΪ൱һλ˾صߡ
ëʵɫÿһƬë֮ϣŽƯƣƯȴУ๾ȻŽʯ֮ɫ˸ź˵ĺ⣡
׺ڵޣƽһԷᣬٶȼ죬̾ڵıٶȣԳԽǿߡ
ϧǣѪأ׺ڵΪǶǳ˵ʶˣʱڻ
ƽȴΪļֵֻܹܸ̱ޡ
һֱͷͻãǴһ˿ĿػҵĽ㻰ġƺʥ˵
ȻӹҶϲ˾Ͷлˡ
һҶԾ˻ƽıͳƺʥ֣һ
˰ɣƺʥҡҡͷҪȥһȻſѣٶȣɶӲ
డֻԼඣ˵ţƺʥһ͵մ·
Ҷոӿػڣ߶ƽϵʱͻأСèشҶ滳дֱܳӷٵ˻ƽǰ
𣡡
ǵĻХУСèֱԳ壬ֻĵŻƽһʾģ
ƽһһֻΪֻڵʱʱŭХһĻƽըޱߵɷͳ
𡭡
СèٴηһХһγХУȴǺ֡
ںϵĺϢ
ϢһɢƽʱſˣһƽˢˢĲζ̫ȵ
֮࣬ƽǳСèֱͷһģ
ƽ񳼷СèҫһûצƽͷŻɰƴСҶĻ
һĻŵҶʧЦѡ
Сļһ
ȴҶޣչʾʾȨˡ
һɲǣҶٴ߶ػƻƽҶ滳еͷһͳ
ɲǣҶƽͷ·һɳһ⣬ֱ׷ԶƵƺʥ
ҶΪ֮Ȼһʾ֮СèȻֱܹƽˣ
ҲǺ£ֱӸСèһ֮Ҷ͵ڻƽıʼϥָĹȵ
ƺʥ֮ǰʵһ㣬ϣҶ滹ûݷݵıǿ޴ǿоһϣ
ҶоһϵĽǡûн
һϵʱ䣬Ҷþ˷õһʱ߽Ƕûڻ
֮£Ҷ֮мصطѹػ𣬶ʱڵĻƷ
ҶطԿܲǡ
ͽ͵ģ
Ҷȴķ֣طƷʵĻһʱ֮յĵطѾ
ǿģȴҶĿǰӵеĻġ
ҶƣŪƷĻ¶ǳǿҪǣãҲ׵Ļ档
ͨ£ֻƷĲʱŷ׵Ļ治
ȻһЩǿƷĲϣҲҪ׻
һУ˵ǷǳֻҪҶܹͿƳһƷƷ
ңʦԼƵĻñƵȫһ
ʦԼƵĻȫ
Ҷ棬ΪԭĿǰ޷߶߶ԺΪͻƵ߶Ҳǳĳ
ǣԼʱҶͿ̴ͨ⣬ҶɵĽ߶
ȻǰҶܹǲС
ʱڣҶҪΪ𣬻ϲܣеļأҲһЩķʦƳ
Ҫʱ׼Ҷ׼ԺʱͳԳԡ
һ·ƺʥǰͷ·ҶڻƽϴϢ֪䣬Ѿҹ
ҲʱҶͷ׺֣ûгֹΣУٴҶͷ֡
۵ɲǣҶͿԶУӭ˹ǰĿ
Ҷͫףһ


1021 ֮
ԶԶģҶͿλʹӰ
Ҷλʹ֮ǰҶɱļʮλʹȫһ
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һЦ¥ˮlΨһһԶĵطЩ߿ƽѵһĸֶԾעѺʤ
ȻҪǣעˮlѺӮ٣⡣
ߣҪЩЩãİˣ
ԣҶҲ飬΢΢֣ξͳ𣬷һЦ¥ķ
һЦ¥˼壬¥
¥ΪһЦ¥¥ֻһƬ֮ΪһЦ¥ĽȺһѣС¥ٴҡգһһֱһɢžϾơ
ܹһЦĶͷͿϴ¥˾ƣֺϽ⡣
˵ˮlΪһЦ˱С
ǶܹһЦкüԣǴһδս֮󣬲ŻС¥
С¥֮ʮһ⻮ķԲʮ䳡Χ˷ֿʽС¥һϰĹս¥
Ҷ浽ʱһս¥Ѿ˹սߣ
Ҷ棬һЦ¥սҪߵǩ״ſ̨սոոϵĵ˵


1025 ӴƤ
һЦ¥֣Ҳһҩζߣһˮlʿ»ʹӣɢĿߵϢȴҶ氵ԳԾѣ
Ҫ֮һЦ¥֣ЩԾ
ϾҶ֮Ϊ࣬Щ
Ҷ뵗𻰣־ͷǳʽҶʵȷǱвȡ߷ԸһЦ¥䣿
仰ʵıȽ࣬ǳҶʵġ
ǣ
Ҷҡͷ֮࣬Щ⣬û뵽ˮlĿǾȻȫϸһЦ¥෽ѯʡ
ҶҡͷֶĿҶһۣȻͿ󣬳嵗ͬ⡣
̬ȣԾڷ߹ˡ
ȻΪǾԲܱвȵġ
ˣǵĻϢķעϣǾͿԿսˣ
˵ֵ꣬Ŀ⿴˵󣬡һЦ¥ߣʿһ仰ҪҴǣ
һߣһա
ҶǿˣԵģ仰ǳ˵ġ
лѣ˴˴ξĲͷ˵ţƣҶҲó
Ǽ֮󣬾ջ˶ҶЩ֣λ֣㲻ͷѺ𣿡
ְȻĿҶһۣˮlϣûκ˸ˣ
λϱ̨ҺһӵĹ򣡡
ƣһɲǣƽ쳹Բʮڵÿһս¥
Ҷ棬һ֮һЦ¥󿪸صΪһ
Ҷ棬۷Ϊȴնɱߵս˼򵥵ĽܣߵҶսȴѯҶġ
ϹأˮlׯΪλӣˮlĲ飬龧԰⸶
ʣѺע˫ϵĶעעʱһӣλ죡
ֵĻأķսʱը˹һ㡣
ԭѾ֪ս˫Ϊǳ󣬵û뵽֮󣬸û뵽Ϊֻ۷Ҷ棬Ȼնɱߵս
ܹģǸеĶǿߣǾž޵ԣֵĻأȴûκ˼ע
ڱĿǰٵϢзŸֿԡ
Ϸһ¥֮УһλһֻȻɵĹߣ֮УҡȣվλϢǿߣڲͣĴű䳡ϵҶ档
˼ˮlһЦ¥ĵڶս˼뿪ؾһӹһƤʵ˼һĹЦ⡣
λ󣬿ǸǼҵ鱨֮кŵģһĹȻһ֣ʵڣЩϼһȴŽǰʮһ˵
һҸǼҴǼǼڲǿǸʵԿŵϺš
Ǽҵڣļǿ֮һ
Ҷأ鱨ʵ
ʱûУߴ
ͻأһͻһǰͨУĵʥ򺣴ʥҶ棡
ԣЦϣһصĵʥ
ӳˣʥӳˣ
ߵЩΣֻôһ˵صߣնɱߵսӭսߵزѰˣ
Ļ˻֣˵ûƾȷʵѰˣһˣ治̨˸̨ƾѣ
ǴһЩ죬ѺѺѯʵ
ѺΪʲôѺ
Ǹ˼ѺҶ棿
бŵĸȴǰ˰֣ѺҶ棿ҸɵҲ龧ȥɣʤʸߴ߳˳ϣּ龧飬ȥң
ѺѺʮƷ龧˵ġ
õģȥ죡
ƵһĻҲǵһ¥ڡ
¥ǣһλذ׵ӣڼλŮź£űƣιİõˮʱʱ⻮ιʳһ֧֧˰֣ǵŮЦϡ
ˮٹ俺ȻΪٹȴȴҲϣֻΪͷϵϹڣΪٹ
䣬ɷɣ߼λòŮЦϡ
ٹǽĵһѺѺ
Ѻּ龧£ΪʲôѺ俺˵
ٹ˼Ѻ󣬲ãǸҶҲ򵥡
Ů˵꣬俺ȳڽһװƻѣÿַʽߣĿ
ңеͣصΪص߲һѺǲ龧𣿡
ȥѺȻʵͣҲһһһôҲһöָڵ龧ȫѺˣ俺׳һöָ

Ѻһһ¥ڣĿǰһڳϹʾĺߡ
ɣ
ˣʮǰһΣȻû֣Ǽ˽֣Ϊ˹թ䣬ּ࣬һصСӣսʤ̫ˣ
ǰʱ䣬ͨĵʥ򺣴ʥƺͽҶ棡˻᲻ǣ
ᣡԲᣡ
ĺŵҡҡͷʥϹۣŻŪصǵֵܣǽԸİѱݸǵĳ
ԺҪԸֱʰ򺣴ʥˣ
ҶСеģƺֲģ
ȥѺʮƷ龧ѺҶһƷ龧߿ĺ˵
ܡ
治ҪҪⳡս㿴СŵģҴδһصܹڿǰܹ̩Ȼ
飬ȥѺҶϵƷ龧뵽飡
ǣ

ͬһĻͣ˷š
һЦ¥Ͽ۳ʣҲڻı仯ţ
ʻҶһߣһߣ㿴ȥ
ģҶʾ쭵һˣһţʣֱߵһһ˵˶õ
ģҲ̫ѿһɣҶ汬һֿڡ
Ǻǣ˵˶ԱʵǱȽϿõģҶ棬Ϊʧȥ֮ʹҪҲѺһ㣬ţѺϷӮˣ
һһһʣȻ٣׬ϷѺһǧƷ龧أڵȴսĵЩŵ˵
ԼҲѺ
Ȼ
һɲǣҶһͷһöָ͵ѺԼӮ
ޣã
ЩľĽӹҶĴָɨһۣ鶸һѺôࣿ
ҶٺһЦ죬ЩҲȫ˱ˣȫѺˣ
ã
һɲǣոעķǣͬʱһ


1026 
һЦ¥Ͽ۳֣ͻȻһŤҶʾʹһһűһһߣֱӿ㣬Ӧģȴ㣡
Ҫ֪ǧ½עʶһı仯ģЩע֮ʶκα仯
ڣ˴ȵı仯㣬ǵע龧ܵ⣿
ǣҶעע֮ˣǲ֪ʲô
ЩѺʤߣĵʱЩˡ
ȻҶѺԼҵû󲿷ˣѺԼҵһ롣
ʱ仯֮ҪͶǧƷ龧ɣǼҴüͷһ£úʱ仯ᣬעѾӽβոעģֻһҶ档
ܶʱ䣬ʵҲһĹϵģ֣øͷ΢΢һͻȻһֲõԤУ
һ˲䣬ܶ˶뷨иˣЩˣ
˲Ϣ䣬ͬȰУּᶨ
λһʱѵ֣͡
ȵȣȵϷעˣϷעУһɫһδȵˡ
ڳѾעǣЦˡ
ÿʮ꿪һε͵һЦ¥ִ־ɲǸǵģǷƵĻᣬǱĻᣬǿʴϷĻᣬ˭
ˣ΢΢һңң˹֣Ȼˣ͵Ƭ̣


ǿߣ
ƺһ˷ʱը˹һ㣬һЩʱʹ¥ڷӭɫ⡣
οˣ
겻һɺã
ɻǵҡ

һʱ䣬ʺӭʽһƬǿߵǲһGĵʱ˰һЦ¥ܱߵߡ
俺ĺЩڣǰңң⡣
GʱһЦݣ·һ㣬ֹͣ
ʲôʺãǹһζӦˣڹܼܲǵ˭ʹãǾһˡ
һʺ˽Ӳһߴк֮󣬲»תԼλãʣµһߣGкȴûǸʸ
ʱˣעɣɱþߵȵ̫ãִһ
ãããϷϾע
һһҶ桭
Ҷ桯ֵʱģGһʶĻͷ˱̨ϵҶ棬Ŀ⣬޲ϾͽҶˣ
˱Ŀ⣬ȻˣҲʱ
˵Ѻ˭ʤ
˭أ㿴飬϶󰡣ֻҪѺǾӮǿߵ۹Ⱑ
Ҳǰ
ѺҶģɾͲˣ
У˭©Ƶģ
ⲻȱ𣿡
һȺŵʱGͷ֣һöָ
ʱһЦ¥Ͽյ˱仯
һεı仯Щڴޱȵǣٴɵˣ

Ҷʣٴαһ㣬һһߵһһӦģʵһ㣡
£۵˸߲ҵǣȫɵˡ
Ҷ棿ȻѺصҶʤôܣһɲǼ䣬Ѻ˵ɣѺƫҶߣȴ
GȻѺҶ棿ͬʱ俺˵ͬʱһ䣬俺˵ɫѿ
ô죿ҪҪעһʵ
û˵ǿôˣǿߵжϣҲһȫԣʲôžǣ
ЩעĻԣ仯ģҪˣ
ʵһʼһֱЩɵҶģһ·һս֣һٴڵʮ㡣
Gһעõ˸͸ŵ飬ʱʧҶĿ⣬Ѿޱȣ
ԼѺעGҶȴһĳ嶯ҲѺң
ºˣҶһν͡
ʵGҲΣеѡǲѺҶģҲܸ龧ȥɣ
οոʧ˴һңǼ貹ʱ
֣Ϣ֮󣬾սʼ
ֺ쳹ʱ˷еĹսߣȫĿȫ˼ı䳡
䳡ģҶ뵗ʮսͬʱһ㷭
⣬һ磬ۺ
Ҷ⣬ģͲԶˣȴһѵõĺظУһ㡣
Сӣ򵥣ĺһء
һ
һϺȣҶ뵗˵ͬʱڿն˶Է
ҶɲǣһΣһ޵ϢɢʱйսһɲǶһָоˣ
Ҷȴһֲĸо
ҶӰеЧ
ݣ
ƿУһͷСԲ鶸ش棬·ʯһ㣬ХźҶ档
ǿֲϢùսͬʱƷ
ҶĿ΢΢һҲͷ΢Σǿʯʹ˲Ҷļͷɹ
ڴͬʱеȴЦ֣
һϺȣǿʯ鶸һģĻˣ˲Ϣͷֳʮĵ⣬̶˷Ҷ棡
ʱҶ˷Χ֮С
ս¥֮ϣGĿĶҶĶҶĶϿһʵ
¡¡
ǿʯոշֻɵɲǣͬһʱ䣬һ߰Ĺ⻪һҶӰʧʮĿʯİΧΧ֮С
ҶͣסɲǣҶ˫۶һɫ⣬ͱֱĺ˵
Ȼ˵壡
һɲǣҶϣȴ¶һ˿֮ɫ
⣬Ȼ߿ˣ
еǾ壬ȻǵĲӰ
ߣ֪깥Ϭأ
ҶȴͷҲûأ˫ͬʱһö꣬ʹƿ֮˵ڵķ
ҶΪĴʱѾǰĶ࣬ȫս
Ҫǿһ㣬Ҷܹ۳꣡
⹥
źԼ꣬΢΢һЦһ֣зɢʮöʯ鶸ؾͺϻΪֱӭö꣡
ҲһɲǣҶͷظֳһ˸׹⣬۴ϸ׹⣬ǵһ㣬ͬһʱ˵
䣡
ö뵗ʯײһͬʱʯҲըø߸ߵĵ𣬹⻪Щ
ȴԾͻߺ䣬õʱЩæң
̺Ŀֲõ󲻵ߣ˫Σһ˲ϢĹĳʮ˼ӡſЩݱĽһߺ䡣
Ҳڵոһͬʱ۾صɴЩ֡
ǵ󣬾˷սߣһ˲Ҳþޱȣ


1027 Ҷȱ
һһģһͬһɲǴҶָͷ
ˣͬһɲǣͬһʱ䣬ûмûȺ֣֮
꣬һߺ䣬Хźæҵ
һĻոЩǱҶһߺ۾͵صɴ󣬾һһƴСζƶشԺɳӭꡣ
ͬʱοɿ˵ɲǣһ磬һǻӭҶϬޱȵߺ䡣
ζƶر˲Ϣ͵Ҷ꣬εƣҲ걬ըûӰˡ
ҲһǱޱȵĽҶһʱӰ׷Ҷ棬⻪һһģһĺͬһɲǺϢûдȵ
£ɵˡ
˷սߣҲɵˣܶߣʶվųвͣĺһҶ棬һɻ
ˮٹ俺ڣʱҲһľɡ
£߿ܼķȥƺͬһʱģڸУʱġ
ЩΪǿĿߣ׼֮£սʱĶã߶귢ȫһĹҲǿġ
ǣҶͬʱΪһйʽķǾͲˣ
˵ǣǿҲһܹ˵ͬʱȻеǲһģ
Щ俺սǼ𾪣
Ǿò˼ġҶĹ
벻ͨһصߣȻܹϬĹ
ܹһλ˼ɵĹ
£һλӵжǷĿ߰صҪǶһλصߣǿ۶ģ
㷢ʲô۾ǰͿˡ
ϣ߷ĹߵĻս׶Ʋˡ
ˣҲÿߵĻսײ¶ѣ
ǰΪֻصҶĹ֮ǰѾһܻЩ̬׼
ڣǱˣ
ֹǱ̬
ֱǷǳ̬̬˼£
ôˣһλӵĿ߱һλصߺòˣǱ
ԭһ׺ҰҰè֮ս˭Ҳû뵽սһʼҰèͱϻ
ʱս߶̲ס
ҵ龧ҸղѺƷ龧ǿһʱŴµҰ
Ʒ龧ѺƷ龧ֵ࣬ҳŪҰ

󱻺ýڽںˣķս֮УʱһƬ
ȻҲвͬ
𼱣𼱣ⲻûֳʤأ
ǣûѹŴ򰡣
ѹŴֻʱģλصȷʵ̬սȷʵǿǣǿ̬Ҳһ޷ֲȱݣһλ˵
ʲôȱݣ
Ϊ
ҲطսΪϵľ޴࣬ȴ޷ֲˣǿĹע޷־õģ
ҶֻصΪڵܹ֧ǿȵս೤ʱأһӣǰʱ
ʱ򣬵Ҷڵĵò࣬Ҷ䣡
ⷬ۵ɢոհЩߣʱһЩģ
Щ۵һ㣬䳡ڱҶ׷ŴѹŴ󣬴ʱʹ뷨
Ҷı̬֮С
ǣҶսǿţΪϵĲ࣬Ҷսǿֲܹġ
ָǿȵĹķǳҶֹܹĺȥ
ΪͷԴʱҲ׵ķˣһԷΪ
ȫ˵һӦЩͻ鼸ţŹΣ֮󣬽ٷ
Ŀغܼ򵥣Ҷ棡
Ҷ濪ʼĵҩʱ򣬾ʼʱ
ٹǼλ˵ģҲ޵ֻҪܹȥŵԽãӮԽ󣡡俺һŮ߼俺ɫѿæ˵
俺ȴǲмĻ˻֣ӮҲϣʮƷ龧ҶҲʲô£
ҪǣθˮlһעͱҶĸӣˬ
ģҶҲȷʵЩǽ첻ԺлᣬҪ
俺Ļû˵꣬ͻȻһ͵վֱײŮߵƣһŵĿ⿴ű䳡
Ů˳俺Ŀ⿴ڵɲǣͬʱһ
䳡ڣսʱѾˣ
һɫɢŰϢĹֱֶ֮ϡ
Կ˻ţֻ˱ҶŴһ㣬һƮǰҲҴ߶˿
˭걻һޱȿֲ깥ָţ˭һ˵ָͷ´˳һ¡
һСģǿɾɢ׵ʧ
ţ̵ʱҶһ΢һ⣡
һֱҶ깥ţҶйʽĹǰӦЩӦæҵģȻͺҶ깥
׼ȷ˵ǺԣǿˣѾΪ޷ˣ
깥ٶ̫ˣֻҪôһɲǵǣ޷
ǰ׼õġ
ڿս֮ǰ鸮֮оطһʮ˵ҪǱҶ깥ˣӦҲ
ڷҶֺһǵԸɽʱ򣬱ܵģһɲǵĹǰʮһ
ÿһȫã
ãսǰط׼õ֣ʱõĶʮһҶǿҲܵ°ɣ
㵲£Ҳܹ󲿷ֵҶ깥Ӱ콵͵Сɣ
ԣ̬£ٴκʱĵģ
ǣҶ·˺ֽһ˺Ķʮһʱһͱò԰ޱȣ
˵ò԰ףҶ⣬鸮֮Уֱ˺սǰǰط۵Ķʮһ
Ҷ⣬ֱĺ鸮֮Уֱ꣡
һɲǣԺֻһͷӣ
Ȼ󣬵һ˽ֱԺͱһƬհף
ڿԽֱ˺ֱͣǰʱûзӦ
ҡšʶһ˷Щʶʲô
ע£Ҷǰɫ˸ɫ⣬Ĵ鸮֮˳
ҶɢȥƵ£󵨲ľ⣬ɢ˿֮С
ʱŷ֣ҶۿУ
Ѿհ׵ԺӲתһ£Щ⵽ô£
Ҷ澹Ȼһ


1028 Ե
ɢȥҶ۾ŵһɲǣԺ˺Щͷ
ûɱҶ棬ֻװµļսȵȡ
Ǿ䳡ֻҪһûпûɱսͲ
˾֡
Ȼ
˺֣ܶ࣬һƲȥʵ
ǾǾˣҲ޷սʤҶ棡
ֶõĲˣһƴõͬھֶΣǲõģΪ˴ֵ
˼˺֣ܶ࣬սˡ
յĽ֣пܻһڻҡ
һΣҶڹؼʱ̷һһһΣֱܻĺģֱɢ
˼ãڿˡ
һɲǣƤƺһɽһ㡣
һλص߸һλص䣬ʵ̫ˣ
ҡҡˡ
˵ĸ֣ңʧǵ˱Ե˷ĹսߣǴ󻩣
ʵϣǿű䳡ϵΣҲϲ³ΣҲ֪ˣ˸ɴ䣬޷ܣ
ˣ
ѺȥĴ龧һɲǼһɶˣ
ˣȻˣˮ俺͵һȭͷһȭž죬һơ
ͬһʱ̣ǼҵĴеĲ룬Ϣ˷ĩߣҪǿȫСӵ깥ȷʵе㾪ˣҶҪһϷƭ龧ˣ
ȻҿۣȥҺúõĲҶСӵпܣҪ
صΪսʤߣȥ̫ϡˡ
ֳ꣬λʵˣӮôѺ˶٣
һĿɬҲˣҺܸѺƷ龧һӮˣ
ޣüͷһߡ
ϷҲǾСӸսߣһ̣Ѻһû뵽ѺˣֻѺһƷ龧һĺڡ
ԣǳ鴤һ£ʮƷ龧𣬿ǣʮƷ龧˽˵ĲƸǸǼҹеģҲʹһӵġ
һߣĺѾŴʹѺˣǻǲ㣬Ѻ˰
ֻѺҶƷ龧Ѻϵģ飡
Ӣ
ĺļͬʱƨ
Ӣƨ
ҪǱһҶѺʮƷ龧ڽϵߣĺһơ
ȥҺúò飬ǰҶ棬ðģȥᣬΪ˲á

һʱ䣬䳡ڣأ˳˳ɵߣһƻߺ޺޵ĶҶ档
ʮƷ龧Ʒ龧
Ͼսߣ󲿷ֶѺӮ
עѺҶʤĶעĳɡ
ǣߵĴ󲿷ֶעҶG˷߹ϵ
ȻЩӮСǣʱѾ˸߲ҵȥȡ龧ˡ
һҶ֮ӮGʱϣȴûһ˿һϲ⣬ҶıӰü˼
ϣڶĶûʮϢɱҶ棬ˣǣǳս̫˵ĵط
뿴ҶʵΡ
ϧǣΪֹҶչֳ似ûʲô̫ġ
˵쳣ģҶʩչϵ似ϵĴٶȶĿ졣
GܾЩԾһʱ֮ȴҲ
ҶѺǧƷ龧һǧƷ龧ˣ
Ҷȥʱ־͵ݸҶһöָּ˴棬ݸҶöָʱ򣬻ЩԾ
һӮȡǧƷ龧ˮlôˣǵһμ
Ҳǵһμ˷ߣ׼ȷ˵Ӧýꡯȥ
ѺǧƷ龧ߣǵһμ
ҶķӦƽˣͷ·Ӯһ㣬ȭһл֮һͽָڵ龧ȫŪ˳»֮С
ҶңԵΪνڱԵնɱ֮
Ҷĳ»ڣ˵Щĵر龧ļֵͽӽǧƷ龧ˡ
⼸Ҷ򺣴֮ͳȥһЩʹͣ龧ֵܼаǧ
һӮǧƷ龧Ҷ龧ʲڣ
ҶǰŰ˾ǧƷ龧ˣǧƷ龧ʣȻͲôںˡ
һһǧƷ龧ǻƷ龧ҲܻӽһƷ龧ˡ
Ҷû龧֮ȴߣվԭؿʧǵ󣬡ҹͷһ£㲻˰ɣ
ǳ˳飬εĿЦ
˿ޱ֣ŵ··׹һ㣬仺صҶ棡
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Цһ£¶һ˿޿κε顣
ҪطҪҲҪͷ
ƷŻ֮ƷԲ˵ģ
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ϧǣʧˣ
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Ѿ޷ʱˡ
³εĿЦһ£ЩǵҶ棡
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ԣƿɲһƷط棬Ƶĸ
ΡΡĽеƵҶ棬ݵ;ȴЩ᲻õջ
Σûнͳȥ
ҶȴҲĵȴ
Ϣ֮ڽеƵݸҶ棬˳ֻһ
ǣҶЩɻ
Ƶ÷ţȻ񣬾Ͳ𣡡˵һ٣ҶϷ˼ģղɱ֮Ϸлˣ
˵꣬ͳҶ泤Ҿף
ոһ룬ͱҶסˣ
ҹ˼ף죬ԵǽˣҶ˵
ʵںһɲʱһҶ濼ǵģ
ɱĹǿɾǲݵĴˣǹƽսеɱģ
Ҷ治Ҳϣ¶ǵˣ
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ҲڵԵ
ãԵϷҲˣ
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л
лֻûгڣҶ͵һ䣬񾪿ֵĿգ


1029 
Ҷ̧ͷյɲǣѾд𾪣һ˿֣
пյģʲôûУҶͷѾǾκˡ
ǰδеΣУһɲǸҶͷ
ǽֻǺʮλʹʱҶͷΣУûǰΣеһ롣
ο֮ҶڵĺĽ̶ȣͻͽ
ҪǣΣУʱڼٵǿţ
Ҷ
ͻȻʧҶ棬Щɻ
Ҷ涨˶Ľ̸˼䣬ǽԵԲľţȻҶͷҲصĴҴҵ뿪һЦ¥
ͽһЦ¥ѺעѺʤ˵ﰦ̾ŵȴһݡ
صˮlУҶɫѾޱȣͷӿĪΣУڿٵš
ֻ˵һ£Σ·ڽӽˮl
ѵһΣҪˮl֮ˣˮlǸõط
ҶףһδΣзӦ˾ңǰѾλˡ
ôܹҶǿҵΣеˣֻһ֮Сӣ
óжϣĽŹҶͳ׵ķ
Σ
ܹˮlϷԼܲܶһ£οҶʥ򺣴ʥ˵ҶԼʵʥʵҲС
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Ŀʱʱڴɨ˵ʵҶν֮УҲܺ档
ͬҶУˮl۸ۿڣһɫӣЩżĿǰ˵ˮlͳƤ
ˮlش󣬽ӴʱһֽƤɱֱӳˮlĳ嶯ˡ
£
Դǰ׵ʧȥ֮еϢӦǽڽӵһθӦ֮еϢ
ʵϣδ뵽֮ǰ͸Ӧ޵֮еϢˮlΧһȦ֮ȷ֮Уˮlϡ
ͼҴҵ⺣ۡ
ȻΪǣǼȴûκεı飡
ڣǸƤˣһƤ˵յһ

ӾЩҲͽˮlҪ
ߣ
һӣһߵò
Ȼֻһһǽһľ룬ͬǰΣǿϣ
λ϶ȣýӵÿһߵķǳء
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ڣǧ֮ڣȻǲܡյһľ졣
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һ˼ǣҪǿˮl
Ӱ˰֣ǿˮl㵱ʧķˣˮlϵ̫ˣټǹ׼һֶζѣ
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ֻķɱһһȥңӦòѣһҵЦ
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ǵλɫƳߣһ̤һࡣ
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ÿһ̤ƺصһ㣬κȴһ̤һľ롣
ٶȣ֮Ҷʶ࿪ص߷ٶȻҪ졣
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ңʮа˾žǼ̳һ֮С
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ͷ
ܹͬʱЩģ¾ֻһˡ
ڴͬʱһޱȵˮкһɫɢɢ˷
ܿģǵޱȵͷ·һҶɨ׼Ҷ棬ɨ裬Ѿûκη壡
ΪҶѾ׼
˾Ǳֶѡ
ǱˣӶʱڣҲҶô
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ƺʥҲҶ汾ѹ׵ıҲв١
׼ҶҲڲˣɨԹԵûжĲһ¡
һɲǣҶ۾鷢ˡ
ǵޱȵȻµĴɨˡ
ǸҶΪǽӵĴڣҲҶǰһζֱҶ档
ѵǣ
ҶһȻ
ĳμ
û뵽ξȻǰμ͵ᣡǰʺ֤ʵҶжϣȴҶӵȻ
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ĿǰĺĽ̶ȣߣֻҪҲ߷Ϣν֮УҲ޷׼ȷҵλã
УҶһʹӾ¥ʧ
Ȼûзңһǵ׼ͬˮlңӦǳ飡
һʵһһʵĺá
Ѿ˼ŪƷƣܲá


1030 Ʒ
صСԺĵһʱ䣬Ҷȡ˸ոӮֵơ
ƣҶһĸˡ
Ҳû뵽Ȼܹˮlõơ
ƣҶ᳹׵ķӳ
ʱƣȴЩҡ
⻪ǳɫ⣬ʱֻ˸һ伫СɫС磬·һ΢綼ܽϨһ㡣
Ҷ浱ıԴһǸڻڣȴһŨıԴˡ
ҶܹǵŨıԴ֮зһ˿Ѫζʵ֡
ϵĻڣӦıԴѪŶϵģңƵıԴʱʱ̵̿ıԴʱʱĵòӡ
£ҶЩļˡ
Ҫϵʱ㹻˻ڵƣܹϿ塣
ӦҲܹʹʹ콻Ƶһԭ
ڵľ׳ƵıԴָܣҲ޷̫á
Ͼֻڣκһλ˶ԣƾһ׸
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣƷڱҶ涯ıԴڵһɲǣѾˡ
ѰһϵıԴʵΪ棬ʱҵһԳı
ֻй棬ڵ棬ſɣ
ϧǣ벻Ҷ澹Ȼһλʦ
һλϹŴеʦ
ʱҶλϹŴеʦϸ鿴еƷƣԴٵתţѰ˼޸Ƶķ
Ҫǲ޸εƵĻڵĻƶҶԣǷ
ҪñԴѪܷӡڣʱ¼ӳַӡôҶ棬͸ˣ
ԴѪ۶κһλߣǳҪ
ԴѪڣ̺Ψһһ˿쾫Ѫ֮
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ӵ츳Ѫ߻ڳУ츳Ѫʧ쾫Ѫ֮ĻָǸЩ
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Ĳ˵Ϊǿ۷ΪȴֻпڵΪͿ˵һС
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ƵĽƲʣԺͭΪϣ͸¡ҪͭͨҪܽ
ԣĿǰҶ޲ƷķУȴûǸ
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¹ش̺ĺޱȵĻжֲҶ
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һҶȻƸ׵ӡˣһŷҶơ
ȻҶͽͽ֮ڣȻ߶ޱȾĻ֮ڡ
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һɲǣҶʵʵɫ⣬йڲӿľѹ
ѹһϾ⡣
źľѹƣһϾȣ˲Ϣͱñ̫ңοʼٵǡ
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ͣȴֱҶѹţ
£֪
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ϾɢԽԽԽֲҶͷüë׷׿ʼΪɻҡ
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ɢֲֿϢҶ侲ڵɫ֣͵زһ¡
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Щѵ³ֵɲǣҶĿһɫ͵ڽϵȫ⣬ƵǸڡ
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ڱͼСҲССԣһӦ޸һ˲ˣ
ʧȥһĻ֧ţոڻȱڸͭ˲Ϣȴ̡
˵ǣһɲǣҶѾеĹ

Ҷ泤һʱʹʱ첲ƤѾýһƬ
ͬʱһ͹ҶĶ䣬ģ֪֪һ㣬ҪӶ⣡


1031 ؿ
ģ֪֪һ㣬ҪӶ⣡
ƺʥըװĺûҶŵ
Ҷ񣬿˿ԼƤýڵĸ첲ֻһ޲ʱ龰
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ƷԲʮ֮ڵĲľҲǷһɻһҡ
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ʱҶǽʮ﷽Բػ˽Ǻ֪
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ͷһתҶʱǰ
磬ԲҲû뵽ǿ۳ƷȻ˿ֲҶһĲ
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뷨ܺãʵȴǺѡ
ҪһƷӣҪƷۣңҪǣҪһƷıԴſԡ
ҶǿѹƷֻϴﵽƷѹûбԴ޷ġ
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ҪĵܵǣˮlϵĵҩȡʽɲǾģˮlĻܶ࣡
ңؿļֵԱлҪ󣡡
ͨ߻￪鸮Ȼǿٻ꺣ΣգɹʮҲֻɣ
ҪǣͨΪﵽ۷壬ҪûлԵ£ҪҪʱ̺ܵ׼
ʱΣ꣬ʮ꣬һһɹЩҴߣҲӲһء
ԣܹ۷ֱͻƵĴؿļֵ֪ʱľǳĲпᡣƺʥ˵
ģʱһᾡΪģҶ湰ֵ
ãǵãҪ鷳ңҪҷѶδأƺʥӰٴϢ
˼һᣬҶ˼Ѿ޸õƣȴŹעĻĵıԴ
ǽ͸˴ǰһЦ¥ʱһǿ
ʱҶ˵ǿߣƵãȳŵµġǸ¹Ҷ氲Σܣ


1032 Ͼ
ս֮ȷʵʮĳҶԵģһ㣬Ҷ֮мصйƵĴ߶ţͿԿ
ϸƵĴ߶ţҶͰҡ
ҿڴ֮ǰҶ涯ıԴˣҪȻҪڴǰľУܹʹƣ˭ʤ˭һء
Ĵ߶ԣһܹܹƷҪڽ
ķʽǴ߶ڵֻҪ߶ߵǿܹԸָʽˣ˷ʤ
ʵ㹻ǿ󣬾Ҷ淽һϾɱ
ڷˡ
ȻڵϾܹɴ߶ߵУôͿĶĽϾⲼ÷С
ôãҪ߶οˡ
˵֮䣬һġ
ҪǣϾҲһ˺ã仰˵ϾҲһķá
ǴǰҶʱΧŨŨϾ⣬︨ԲҶܲ˵󣬻˵ء
Ȼ˵ƵĴ߶ʽҶ澭ʱĳ̽ҲоվҪĲٵʱ䡣
֮Եǳ׽ˡ
Ҷľǣȴ¼µһ򵥵鱨˵·ײһ顣
кͼͬԭˮlʱǴҶ෴ķġ
ǰںϱ˽µʱŵˮl·һ죬纣һΪεɢСܺϵı꣬ϴϢɢ֮ʱ˸СԺе˵ĶԻ
ܹ˵ĶԻҪΪ˸ߣΪߴ۷壬ǶԻˣΪһ۷壬һء
ΪȻҲǿȥ
ƽĵȥҲǲģ˵ĶԻУȴˡҶ桯֣ע⡣
ڼζԸҶ棬ڸԶټ̽͵СĵԼ
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Ҷ֪ڣûκһλߵĴڣǰΪߵģҲصĴڡ
ηɰ״ϢǰΪߵģӦǻڵŷˣΪոͻƵء
ڵŹ澭ΪǰأȥҲء
ƾرټŴǿԸһλһص߶ѣȥһλصĴڣһֻ־
һֱΪ򱻵ƧҲûǿ߹¶ˡ
ҪΪҶпߴڴ¾ǲ鷳
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ҳҵıߣܽвһλص߾͸ıң˭أ
УҶǿѹͷĲ߶ָڵıԴ
ǰ޸ֻ޸ƵĻڣԴδָ
ָƵıԴɾͼ򵥵Ķˡ
ֱӽڵľעƵĵо֮ڣͿˣоԶġ
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˵ĲϣϾ⣬ܹˡ
һˣҶʱȡĳ»еĵĻ࣬һԵĹע֮ڡ
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ÿһĻ̺൱һڵĻ
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׵ƷϾ𣬻Ǻεأ
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һҶԿ϶
ȻƷߵ߶ЩѾҶ߶ƺ̫ѣ
߶δĳһˣҶо߶һƣԼҪĵҶ浤һɵ
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ѾԽ꣬ΪҶµһɱﵡ
һıˣҵĶֻ̰ΪˣΣҲҪõؿҶһļ㣡


1033 ɱ
ļ죬ȻˮlϱԽԽ֣Ҷÿȥһ˼Ϲ俴ûкʵľԹ⣬ʱ䶼ܵ͵
ȻҶԱ֮еĳ֣Ѿһ׼ӱĽܲ־Ͳְɣ
ҶƵǣˮlϵǷ˺üľԹȴ벻Ҷۡ
ҶҲˣˮl֮УϲҪԵһı
ΪһıȫἯеˮlٷ֯ľĴϣʱ򣬲üǮʱȻˡ
ͨһ㣬ҶҲͲżȥˮlҹˣĵȴ͵Ὺʼһ졣
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ҶƺʥյʱҶ滹Ǳ׳۵ģһ
ߵϢͬʱڷԲɢһʲôĸܣ
ΪԲ߻ᶨߣӶȥ
ҲǽߵϢΪҪǼᵽһĻƽϢһˡ
ˮlǼʶˣûǷ飬ƾݺ֮ϣ˸ǡƺʥ˵
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͵¥ǰߵĹ㳡󣬴ʱ߶ľ۽ĿʱʱĿ͵¥Ź㳡һ̨
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鱨飬ҲҶ˲ϵСӵļƣ䶼
Ҫּ˲صףСӾܹǰ׾˵
ʲôҶ棿
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Ҷ֣¥ڣ¥ּڣֱ׹ּҵĺüλϵѪҶϡ
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ĿͶɲǣҶ͸ӦĿ˭ˡӣ
ӣ
ĿͶעҶϵɲǣһ״Ϥо͸˽ӵͷӵĿҲ޷Ҷƿ


1034 
ᣬ˧ʮСӡ
۷Ϊ
ɢŵĻϢ
ĿⶢҶ֮һʱķ֡
ֵ⼸Ȼ֤ʵ¥ּΧҪ׷Ѱ֮Уȴ߶ȷ֮е
Ŀǰ˷ֵӵǸ֮ʮꡢΪϡΪԼصսȴǳ̬ûһͷѰ
Щ֮УҶٷ㣬Ϊ֮Ĳ࣬ڽӿⲢǲࡣ
ı£ȫһλ½Ϊ۷壬ֻǸĴЩˡ
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Ų֮е֮пݵģǣΪȿųܴһ֡
֮еΪǰֻأô̶µʱڣôҲ֮ϡ
죬ΪҲܹһҡ
ȣӽΪϣϵȫųˣˮlϵߣΪ󲿷ֶڿϡ
ģֻˣ֮УصעΪߡ
ĿһӾС˰ҡ
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ȻߣҲ޷һۿĿߵΪʵǣһȴжϳһǵΪߵΪʵ
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ҪɢЩͽȴǸͬܡ
֮ͬӰ첻翪ص߼˿˾صߣѹӰԺԲơ
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ȼܹܻش׾ԼȲ˲ԡ
֣Щ˷Χ߿Ŀ⾹Ȼֵֹġ
˿Ŀ⣬ȻżϷʣǳЦ
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ϧôһδõĻᡣ
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ص߰ӽˮ˻ǳˣҪҶһЦ¥
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˲ϢãȻգ


1035 ׾
ôһ׾ʶĻͷһһ޺ЦݵҶ棬Щš
߳ϣⲻܰɣ׾ʶʵ
ܣ
һ⻰ʱðּҵ˶û
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ԶԶģͶҶ泤Ҿȥ


1036 ӵĹ
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ԣҶ淴ӦʱѾˣǵϢѾ䵽ͷ
ƺʥĳҲ죬Ǳӵ͵Ϯԣ˰ġ
ɰǧɫ˿ֻס˴󲿷ֵĺɫ⻪ôһС֣ڽӵľ֮£ֱйҶڡ
һĻٸϹˮlܼҴŭ
ס֣
ϧǣܼҳƤĻִֵĽûκӰ졣
෴ģлдڴ֮ɫ
ԭǲô³çģˮlͷɲǸǵġ
Ƿƺʥ˵Ҷݵʱ򣬽ͷ΢΢һ
ôã֮лӰ٣ֻܡ
һķǳ̬˿ıӻǵڶܣôһǳõѡ
Ҫģȴǻ淽Ҷս
۷ΪӭսصߣȻȫʤˣ
սѾΪսˡ
֮ǰ֮صΪսصİʹʱ򣬾Ȼܹʹȫߣ
սڵ֮Ҳһսˡ
һսһߣƽسһǳϡˡ
Ȼڶʱð
ڽӿͷǳĿˡ
Ӹ߶ȻɣðŪþһˣ
˽ڵĺȻ֣
ͬһʱ̣Ҷĺëը
ӳֺףҶ淴ӦǺɫ⻪ѾйҶڡ
ԥģҶͶԼǿɫӭһϢĺɫϢ
ҶɲԴ֮ˡ
һɲǣҶסˡ
ǵ·ɫϢҶɫӭϣ;ΪһţһСɵĺӰȻ׳˻
ɲǣСɵĺӰʹɢ
ʱҶ쳹
ͬʱҶɫٴһ䡣
ڴʱ׽ΪҪʱһеҪֶԸˡ
ΪӴʱֵ⣬ѹͲҪɱҪ̽
ͬʱӰ£Ҷһֱŵĺ·ܵʲô̼һ㣬ҵ
֮ʣȻҶڵĺķ֮
Ҷ汳𵴶ĺˮڴ֮ʱͻȻЦˡ
ǹޱȵƣ˲Ϣɢ
Цݣظ˽ӵϡ
̽ɹ
ǵĺɫ⻪ʵһֿطѡ
ڣѾܹȷǰ߶ȻɵҶ棬ȴѰô֮С
ʧʮλλ֮У
ͬһʱ̣ˮlĴܼҳƤһˮlߣˢˢ£Χ˽ǰ
Ǻ⣬ˮl֤ˮlĹ򣿡Ƥһĺ˪
¹ܼˣϷˮlأϷֻǿλСֵܹأ̽һѣ
ˮlĽ֮УûһɣЦ˵
ԣƤһͣ˼Ϣ֮󣬲ŹֵȷʵûУŵľٶս
֪ҼҵƢԺ󣬻ע⣡
ֲʹľ棬û˵ֻЦЦ
ƤΣ˹֣һ֣ʹ뿪ˡ
Ҫǽӵλ̫ˣΪˮlƽƽ֮ˡ
ֻҪΪ̫Ҳֻһֻ۱һֻۣϾˮlǿƣҲΪôһС¶ӵġ
ҪǻĿߣѾϳˮlˡ
һɲǣЦţңңҶ湰˹֣У˼ײ
Сģڱҳˣ͵Űɡ
ҶȻҲ׽ӵ˼ңһ̵ĵҶ׼
ĳŽӹ˹֣ҶЦ¸ԵԺҪ׽׽ˣ
ĵ˵ûҪ׽׽Ҫ˵Ҳ׽׽һ̺ŭƺʥʵؿˡ
ޣˣ˵˾֮еıʧһʱ˰ɣ
֪ûѡļߣ
ѡ֮󣬱ʥҲȥ̽̽ûʸΪµľƺʥ˵
ޣˣҵûУ֪ǺηʥȻҳº֣ƺʥֲһ䡣
һڣӵɫһ䡣
ƺʥ˼ŶҶء
ⲻҪҪϢ
Ϊݺˣһλʧ
ʧãʮа˾ž䣡
ʱλ˵ʵ𻹲̫ҡ
ҪǣϢ壬Ϣȥ֮˵ľ޴Ӱ죡
ϣѾܹƲսˣһ˾޴ʧ
Ҫǣ˵ڻûҵ֣
ɾͺ΢ˡ
᲻˵Ѿ޷Ӵˣ
£ԭЩ˹µĴС˵ͻһЩ˼
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һЩǰҸԵĻ˹Ƶģͻ֮ģǳֹ
ϢжذͿ֪ˡ
ɲǼ䣬˷УЩǣʱùŹޱȡ
ӵĿ⣬Ѿһ˿
ΧӣӴʥĿɭɭĿƺʥʱˮlܼҳƤ
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1037 Ͽ
ˮlʿü԰ףȴһͷڷǼ򵥵Ĵһɫۣһͷڷһľ𣬻¶͸¶һ֮
ǣˮlʿһ֣ҩʱ࣬ƺˮlʿҩ֮Դһ
ˮlʿĳ֣͵¥㳡
ˮlʿȻΪƽͣȻ򵥣ɢƮ֮ȴ˲òȻ
ƺʥĴҲˡ
ʮ굯ֵָϷӢ۵ӣǣϷ
ˮlʿż࣬¸Ǽ࣬һڣǿżɽ
֪λͬ󲿷ֶǳ츳Ѫ֮ʣΪһţ֮˲츳Ѫĳɵֱɣ
ЩѼҩĵͬĳŵҪۿۣóλͬĵ츳ѪҲޣ
Ϸ֪λкܶ˵ʮ꣬ϷΣҲλʧ
̸֮£Ϸֻóһö츳ѪøλģϷʵǲĽ
ΪˣϷ⽫ʮǰɵһ¯ؿнʣµһóλ
֮⣬ϷϷĵӻ׼ҩȻ̸ϾУҲеֵıǸ⣡
ˮlʿ˵н࣬Ҷоһλѧ֮ʿ
˵ţˮlʿͻһͣˮɲǼʹ͵¥ǰ㳡һɨ
Ϸղһ£쵽ˮlͬߴһǧ߰ʮˣֱʮǰһǧˣ֮ǰ˽ǧˡ
ǰͬԽԽ࣬ϧǣϷ֮ʮǰǰȴû̫Ľ档
޷ǰͬ飬ϷƵĵҩޣԣֻǰϷӣɸѡǧϷƵĵҩλͬ¡
ȻλͬˮlҲǿϷϷȻλֶͬ顣
뵺֮ʱÿλԿɻһ̫ͻ鵤Ϸһ⣡
һҶոһ䣬͵¥㳡ķߵӦ
ˮlʺ֮⣬ҵˣ
ģ޷þʸֻ߼ˣϲԹ޵

ڶҶԾģȴˮlĴֱʡ
̫ͻ鵤ͷҶ֪ġ
ܹ֮ڼ̵ʱڲĵ൤ҩƴ֮ʱر֮ҩ
̫ͻ鵤ȴ߶õ鵤
ǿص߷ãҲڼ̵ʱڻָһϵڿ߰صǾ͸˵ˡ
һصֵ߳ҩһֻܳ԰ȫȫ˷ѡ
̫ͻ鵤ܹΪ߻ָѣҶڱĴָУֻҵ̫ͻ鵤ڽĴָУ̫ͻ鵤
ǳλ֮⣬ҶôİʹĴָ֮Уȴûٷһ̫ͻ鵤
ͨ£һƿ̫ͻ鵤гǰǧƷ龧ңʱ򣬶мС
һƿʮţƽÿٶƷ龧ۺƷ龧ǰƷ龧ңǼܲס˶డ
ǰˮlһ;ǽһǧţǳŰƷ龧ľ޶ֵ
ֵҩ󳬸ߣˮlһ̫ͻ鵤ĳɱֻۼ۵һǰɡ
ҲǺüʮƷ龧üǧƷ龧
һֱʣҶˡ
ˮl֮˫治ƾյġ
λܹͬϷҲϷĸͬˮlѾЩˣϷҲ뵢λʱ䡣
ھ͹͵ɸѡˮl˵
ʱ˵Ķ䶼͵¥ǰٴαðޱȣǹغܷμⳡʢĹؼ
˵εɸѡ֮ʵˮlĵλйأϷѡˮlҪΪˮlһɵ׵ĺϿȡ
ϷܹԶԶĸӦģ⺣Ͽڻ۵аٵ֮ڣԣ⺣Ͽĵر࣬Щҩ
ǣҲǼ࣬ƽϷĵӻɼһЩЩϷƼµҩļϷĵӻɼҲ벻һա
ԣһξλϷȥ⺣ҩ
⺣׵ÿһҩϷĵӶע˲ͬĻ֡
ÿɵһҩͿԻӦıע֣󣬻ǰһǧߣɲ͵ᣬʱ죡
ˮlĻȴûнϷҪλǣ⺣Ͽ֮ڣǿΪߴޣϣλܹС
ΪλˣϷ⺣ϿȵĵͼںʵΪܹȣȷıע
ϣܹλ֮еĲҪˣ
˵ţˮlһӣʹˮlǰɳ׼ȷͶ䵽ڳÿһλߵС
״Ҷ治ɵúȻݿҲ˵ˮlĿֲ
һɲǣҶڳһעȫͶˮlΪϿȼͼ֮ڡ
ͶһɲǣҶȵһ
ϿȳԼʮԼǧ֪ע˵ǧȣֻˮlԼ̽ļޣ⺣Ͽȵļޡ
˹һƬռ䣬׻εȿֲޣ
Ϊ̽ֹ֮ݡ
ߣ̽ֹ֮ݡ
ߣ̽ȲҪǧ֮ݡ
ߣ̽ԲҪǧ
챦̽ȿԳһɣ̫޳Ⱥӣںսв⣬֮ǡ
ˮl֮ѵļΪĿһݻӳ֣Ȼ
ɼˮlҲΪڳߵİΣǣǣжܹýȥǾͲö֪ˡ
ڴ֮Ƕǧĵرÿһĵر¼ͼעͻ֡
Щֵ͵ĵرгû࣬Сķ
ЩĵرĻһ֣ߵĻָߴһǧ֣ǳɵĵرĻֶ֮ڡ
ֳһٷֵĵرֻʮ֣ߴһǧֵֻĵرֻһΪڤȻҶδһζҩ
עλͬõĻ֣ܷŽһǧֶЧԴˮlһĵҩˮlղصһЩ似ط
ûģôֿһ龧һֿԶһһٿƷ龧
ȴһ⺣Ͽȵļ׵ͼעԣֻοֻˮl۵һЩ׵ζѣȫȷ
ǿҶüͷȴ
Ϊ⺣Ͽȣˮl֮⣬ĿǰҶԣȴһǳѵѡ
ͬʱҶ΢΢һ͸Ӧ˼ĿѾͶעϣ


1038 ֣
ҶûͷܹµǼĿԺˡ
¥˿϶ٲ˵ģʮͬһĲĿ⣬¥ġ
ļĿ⣬ˡ
ʣֻҪҶ뵺ȥϿѰҩЩ˾ԻᶢҶġ
˵ˮlĽãã˺ףҲ˶á
һ˲䣬Ҷԥ
ҪҶһε͵ᣬǽܣΪһε͵ᣬҶǳı׼˽ĹزۣŵˮlҶֱӷĿģȫ׷ˣ
ǲμӣ
ǿֲΪҶͷƤЩ顣
ҶһǽλĴڣǽҲ˺Уڴ֮иˮҶʵûκġ
ҶţֻҪҶһˮӾԻκĿֱ׷Ҷ档
ĵܣ⾺ʸ֮£㻹ǲҪμˣ񣬽Ѿ㣬¥˻񣬶ԣʵ̫ΣգƺʥҶԺ
ԣҶǹһ˿ЦΪһε͵ᣬ׼˽ꡭ
ĵܣİɣ츳ѪһȫΪ㾺ĵġƺʥ˵
⵹ǣʵɱһǧҶ˵
ƺʥ¶һ˿֮ɫĵܣ㲻֪Ĵڣǲòɸѡģֱӻþʸ񣡡
ȻҶ鶸һϲ
ͬʱˮlٴλԸμӵģھͿԳϷϣλںϿժȡҩ֮ʱĪҪɱ
һɱϿȱΣޱȣֻЩޣǵѪʳ
˵꣬ˮlһ֣ƺ֣ŷ֣֣գϷδأϷˣϾԸϷһۣ
ŷĳҲӣ
ЦУһЦɢȻһʵʵˣƣһλĴڡ
ҶͫȴһΪλŷڣϾȻ¥еı־
¥ˣ
¥ȻҲһλĴڣ
ƥϷˣſк̫ˣһ˻ĺɫ⻪ǳ
Ҷϵúɫ⻪ںʱͼһΣǺɷĵ
ţGҲǳЦһˮlƺʥƺʥƺ֪Ҷɻ󣬴һѶϢ
ŷ¥֮еĵ벽Ϊÿһ͵ᣬ¥Ҫһ¥ǰġƺʥ˵
ڴͬʱڶڼ䣬ֿĿһҶ֮ŷ
뿪Ҷд󶨣ԺѸתǧͷʱ˾
磬Ҫȥ⺣ϿȣȡǾʸ񣡡Ҷ괫
ƺʥʱŭôĵŲôģҪðգ
Ų磬͵ıɲֻ츳ѪңҲ˵ˣˮlľķʽĶ࣬ɲ龧ܹõѹ󱦵ġ
ܣһԲμ⾺Ĵᡣ
ߣãܹܵ˶ã
ӶڣҶҲ뺣ԺҪ׵λ֮ˣ
ңҵʵҲ֪ģο֮Уܹӳʵֻ߶ήͣҶ˵
ԣƺʥ̾һô˵ˣ˵ĵܵӣ޷ȰģǴ˽㰡
ˣҲȰˣĵܣһСΪϣ
˵ƺʥҶҲͿԷĵ뿪ˮl뺣ǰϿˡ
ĹѾд½뿪ˮlɿķֱ뺣Ѱҵġ
뺣Ҳûʲôλѡģ⺣ϿȳʮһȥܿͻӰ
Ҷֻһۣͬʱξͳ𣬼Ⱥ֮Уٶȳ˺档
ҶļҶΪĿߣ̫ˡ
ǰ¥ǰμ͵߶飬һ֧ÿ֧ˡ
߷ֱ¥¥ŷ࣬桢׾ˣ¥ˮlߣʣʮˡ
ʮ˵ĶУˣˣ嵽ˣ߶ˣ۷׾һˡ
ʮˣ¥˴βμӾʸʮˣʵ¥ŷһ֧ˣǲòμӾʸġ
ȴǼ˽ʣǶΪҶ档
¥֮䣬иᣬгǰȴΪŽᡣ
ʱ¥ʮ֮аˣѾӰǰϿȻȡҩԻ͵ľʸ
Ͼ¥ŷһ֧⣬֧飬Ҫþʸ
ʱĿҶԻ桢Ϊ׵ˣӦþ¥ʱɵһʰҶɱСӡ
֮˵Ҷ棬һЩߵߣ඼Ϊ֮
ˣˣһˣĺݣ˵ǶԸҶ棬ԿǿߣҲ֧һˡ
ʱҶһλҶ涯¥֣һʱ⼲׷Ҷ档
ͬһɲǼ䶯Ĳ¥λ֣˵ڡ
ҲˣҶ治ǲҶһʱĽ׷Ҷȥ
ʵ£ѾԶþʸѹòμ⺣Ͽȵжġ
ǲμ⺣ϿжĿģֻһʰҶ桢Ҷ棡
Ҷ֮ٶȼȺУǽǱ뺣ףֻҪЩһԵΧм䣬ҶĻᣬʹġ
ͬʱ׷Ҷȥɲǣով۵һλǿУƺʥͳ¥¥ŷЦ
׷һ˺ݣ¥ΣΪ˶Ըĵܣ˱Ǯ
ƺʥΪֱˬһԵλ¥ŷɫ΢΢һ䣬ЦŹ
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ƺʥˣ¥ôܶʥ򺣴ʥأ
˵ŷͻװģһѽ⺣ϿȿΣգȻ򺣴ʥսǿΪ
ϷƺʥǸϽĵܵĺãһСı޸ˣǿǺã
УϷǺƺʥˣ򺣴ʥҪʲô£ɲ¥Ͽʺӣ¥ŷŵ˵
ߣ֮Ȼ鴫㵹ժøɾ
˵ţƺʥĿЩζĿӣҺܺ棬Ҫǻˣ¥ȴҪɱĵܣ֪˵λǹĵأǱĵܣ
ԣ¥ŷһۣЦ⸡ɲǣӷЦͲƺʥˣ
ʱʶԵƺʥɫ䣡
ѵǶ̶̵ļϢ֮ˣ


1039 Σ
ˮlϿգһɫһȣͶһˮlĺ档
ɫ֮󣬰˵ɫ⻪׷ᣬ׷Ҷǵɫȥ
ͻȻ䣬ǰλͷĵ֮Уһɫ󣬶سһԾ޴ʵʵ
ֵɲǣֻ΢΢һ񣬷ڵξͶػ˻Ӱ·һһֱ׷Ҷ档
ɫΣͽҶ֮ľ֮ϡ
ȥҲò˰Ϣʱ䣬ھܹҶ棬Ȼ󱻺߼׷λΧ¸š
״ƺʥɫٴһ䡣
ӵȴǳһЦ⣬תˮl˹֣ΣϷȸʧһˣ
ˮlÿɷĵ˵ͷԶ飬ҲΪһٶĴڣʵǼ̫̫ˣ˵ѾѪ䣬£Ҳܲ
ֻҪΥˮlĽǲֵġ
ϷǰԤףԸóѣպҿɵö׽׽¥¥ŷ๰Ц
˼ײˡ
ֻҪҶһɲǵĹ˾ܸΧҶ档
ܲҶ棬һ㣬ѹ迼ǣλߡλءһλĺݣ˵ǰΧһλ۷ߣǰΧһλߣλ˵ҲóԱ
ҶȻܱܣʣµ飬˳ˡ
˵ţŷһЦĿⲻɨƺʥһۣмƵ˼
ֻδأƺʥͻЦһ
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׹Ϣ
׹飡
˵䣬Ŀĵƺʥԭնɱ˱µı
ݵɷʱֱƺʥ
һ֣ƺʥͻ˽ӵɷȻмЦΣ
ӵͫ׶һˣ
ƺʥмƲƲ죬һҸɵģô
Ȼնɱ£ʥɵģȴҶλ򺣴ʥɵģʱҶ滹ûгΪ򺣴ʥ
ǣʥλһ壬Ҷµ飬Ǹµġ
ϳˣ˾ǡ
ߣƺʥϣ½Ҳš
Ҷնɱ£˵ǽӲţˣš
ӵһɲǶرޱȣȻ󣬾ͷЦ
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ҵ˭ܹϢĸɵʥԭµ֣ҲֻϢĸɵʥ
²ֻʥʧٵĽҲǳֱʰɣʵ
ʱƺʥծ˲ңҶ֮Թ֮䣬Ѿûκתء
һ׮࣬һ׮٣Ҳƺʥʹʹµԭ
˵ˣǿһأ£׷ɱĵ򺣴ʥǰɱҲ๼
ˣӦеĴݣȴܺ
Ҫսඣӵ۾һС
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һɲǣƺʥһۣЦ𰸣
λϷˮlСλҪҪɱԶòϷСĻݲݣˮlˡ
˵ǣҪҪɱҲõ͵ˣᣬǲͿ򺣴ʥֻǰֻèΧ׷½صģŷ
ŷƣɷȫ
٣˭˭èһأƺʥЦţƣ
˵Ŀʱת˺ϣĹһ׷һӣȵҶѾӵ˺ϡ
Ҷʩչ÷ҲҶͷƮ׹飬Ӧķʱͷˡ
ǽһԷ߶˼£һɫй⣬Ҷ鱦׹ʩչٶȣҲٴαٴ׷
ۿҶոյ˺ϿգǷȴһεıƽ˵Ŀ⣬ԿҶ뺣֮ǰԿҶ档
ƺ֣һ٣򺣴ʥú鱦׹ȥһأ֪򺣴ʥȥأŷĿĶźϵҶ棬һڴ
ϷҲͬʣĿͬĶź棬ǳڴ鸮ڵĺʱѾʼϱߵĵƲǹ⻪š
ˣڵȵ˻ĺеʱ򣬻һɲǣ
ˣһθڽӵͷ
źǵڴҪˣƺʥŵҡҡͷ
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ʱֻһֻδĽһ
ʱͱƾճֵĺɫ廨
󾪣һķ·һɲǼĹ͹ͽʮ÷顣
ǣһ飬󷽵桢׷ҶҲǷ뺣һ㣬ֱͶ˺档
ԥģٴμ٣˺棬ڽӽɲǣͬʱһ䣬ĻսףһɲǼĹҫ۵˼㡣
ͬʱ·ĺ棬·һ㣬ˮ·Хһ㣬˲Ϣ뷢һ㣬ˢˢĺ˷桢ϡ
ƺˮĹǿֻ÷˵Ļսײһ£赲ôһɲǡ
ǵôһɲǣ׷뺣ʱ򣬼ĺˮûǵͬʱҶѾʧӰ٣ǲѣѹֱ粻Ҷ뿪ķ
˵λ¥λֶһۣŭ߳һ䣬ͷ׷
ĩˣջ¥һ䣬ҵԼ
͵¥ϣ¥¥ŷ࿴ƽĺ棬þɫЩѿ
ƽˣ׷ҶһûǾֻһû׷Ҷ棬׷ˣ
ʱƺʥȴǹһԼĴȣķ˿ŵĲҽС
ΰ
¥¥ŷɫʱѿޱȡ
ڶԣϾͱˣžžž졣
ӵɫͬҲòȥȴŷѶˣŷ֣ʱأʲô
ʱ䣬㹻ǰֻèֻС׽ʮΰ˴˰ɣСü
˵꣬ӻ̼ƺʥһ£ƺ֣ʱأ˵أ


1040 еĿֲ
ˮ
ھ߶Ƚ׷ſƽѹƵĺŵĴ߶ˮסȫ󺣵ɲǣҶֻôһо
·ص˾Υļһ㣬ÿһƺˮƺڻ
ڶβзľڣˮıܣʱ͹᳹Ҷȫ¡
ÿһÿһ鼡ĶҶںˮеٶȼ١
ǣҶĺˮƺܹȵֱһ㣬Ҷںˮеζٶȣٴδ
һ˲䣬ҶںˮеζٶȾʹﵽһδﵽĸ߶ȡ
Ҷָоˮеٶȣƺ½ϵٶȻҪˡ
һɲǼ䣬ܵԷת˼£һ״ĸ򣬿ʼҶͷ֡
ˮڴʱʧˣ屾ܵÿһߴܹĻΪ١
ͷȥֻһ˲ϢڴС
һɲǣҶƺ׷ڴ֮ζ·عһ㣬ܵǸ״Ͽǰ
Ҷ濴׸ɽмĴϿȵʱǴϿС̽ļߵӰҶ涸һ͵شĪĳת
۵ɲǣɨһԼĺҶо¶һ˿ϲ
ͷһɲǵĺȻֽһء
Ľ̶ȣɱɣ
ޱȵŶظҶͷˮ֮֮УҶݺ۳ҵĵطһ㣬׷ж٣Ҷ涼¡
ӵҶԺӹɲǣҶͷһ¡
ţˣѾһĽӶԣǲ
ĿǰԣѾ㹻ˡ
ⲻҶԴ󣬶Ϊ߶ԣЩרˮߣڽ֮Уս᲻˵ٶˡ
ڷ׷Ҷ治׷ʱѾҶ˦ûӰˡ
һɲǣҶһ㣬ν׵ĺϿȡ
뺣ϿȣҶ浹룬ںϿһ࣬̽롣
Ͽϱ߳˸ˮֲżмҩȴ磬ժ
ʱʱзȺιڽӴҶϢɲǣʱȫ˰׶ǣȴǱҶɢϢˡ
⻹ɷ羰һҶϢϾһȺؽƷ߽Ҷ浱ӿ
ѣҶٴηſ˺Ϣ
ʱ߾ںϿ֮ȦֱҶ뿪֮ӣŽָ
ģҶ뵽˺Ͽ֮а࣬һ·ϣҶ񵽵ҩֻ꣬ÿһֵ֡
Ͽһ֮͸һ㣬ɾޱȡ
ⲻһε߲ժ˵ԭƽˮlūҲǾ˵ġ
ܿģҶͼǱûãﺣϿҶһջ񣬲ҩһֵ֡
ҶҲ˺üλժҩĿߣΪڿ¡
׾ԶĻݣȴܹӦϢÿһλҶĿߣ鶼Щ𾪡
Ҷ滹㲻Щ˾ȸʲô
Ҷ淢ЩںζʱǳģŶһ¡
ںײժҩ޵в֮⣬ϰʵˮѹ
ˮѹǳĿֲȵɱӡ
ͨʼѣǱ뺣һѾǼˣߵĴѾǿޱȣǱˮͨ˵ĳɰǧи޶ȡ
ǰˮlĺϿ̽ļޣʵǴǸΪȽ׵Ǳ뺣ȵ޶ȡ
ͨߣǱ뺣װѾЩѶˣٳǱôˮˮѹɥʧ󲿷ֵսΪֲֿˮѹ
һ⣬Ǿ·һ
ҲҶ淽Ǽλ߿ҶΪλ¶Ծ֮ɫԵʡ
Ϊ£һλ۷ߣֻǱңȣѾǼˣĵطǽǲ˼顣
ҲʱҶŷ֣߶£׵ĿֲˮѹƺûκӰ졣
´ʱҶѾںϿĵطȴûиӦһ˿һĺˮѹƺˮĸоһģһ
һ㣬ҲҶոշֵġ
֪䣬ź𲽽⣬ѾҶһһ
ˮˮѹ׸֪ȡ
ɱСӺˮѹһ
һλ׷ɱҶ棬صǱ뺣ˮбʵͻܵӰ죬ǱǧĺףһʵҲֻܷӳ˳߳ɡ
Σʱ̣ˮѹҶǷٵǱǧĺףλټ׷ɱôɵʵӲ
෴ģҶȴκεӰ졣
£;ÿֲ
ȻǱǧܲˮѹӰ»û֤УҶܵˮѹҲҪСĶࡣ
ͻȻ䣬ҶһεĺϿȲժҩ֮Уޱȵģ෴ģҲûôˡ
ֻҪҶԸ⣬ԿٵǱǧĲժҩ
˴β뾺ʸһ֮УܹǱ뺣ϿǧȵĴڣָ
ʱҶɵĻþʸ񣬼ûκε
ȻþʸûκεҶһѰ˼һ
һΣҶǳ׵ı¶ˡ
˸ǰ¥ǰǳ׵ı¶ˡ
Ҷ¥֮䣬ǻ
ҶȱĥȻѾǻⲻôֻҪлǵʵҶ;Բ
ڣ
ǾѵĻᣡ
һʱ䣬Ҷ뵽׾
Ҷ¥ˣֻɼĳޣҶ׾ȴɱ֮
ɱ֮Դʹ׾ʧȥǣһЩⱨҶ顣
ôҶĵһɱĿ꣬׾
ˮlĽ飬׾۷Ϊô׾ĻΧӦþ⺣ϿȰ֮ڡ
Ȼ⺣ϿȳʮνĴããѰ˼ѣǶҶԣҲʲô̫ѵ顣
ΪĹҶͻȻ䷢֣Ȼܹź޴ڵˮ֮ԸǱϢ֮еһˮ֮ϣ˲ϢԶȥӦʮ֮ĺΡ
ҶڽʯҶĿһģһҶ֮չȥ

Ӧ˵ҶĿˮȽʯľҶĿҪǿ
ڽʯĿ֮£Ҷ긽֮ϣչʮͶˡ
ںףҶȴԸˮˮ֮˷չ⡣
ңĻҪȿ֮ʱҪСĶ࣬Ӧӵӵ
˲Ϣ䣬ֻҪҶԶԲĺڵΣͻһһҶԺ֮С
ңⷽԲʽģ
ǰҡϡµȫλӦ
һΣҶ˺ǿ󣬽һĺеĿֲ


1041 ټ
Ҷԭɱ׾ʮģòһҲʱ䣬ܹҵ׾ɱ׾
ǣһҶʧˡ
Ҷôʱ̽ʮҵĺûз׾Ӱӡ
ҶƶУ׾Ϊˮеٶȣ뺣ڣǾܲԲʮĺġ
ɾûҵ
֮࣬Ҷ͸ı⣬ʱޣѾ׾˷˴ʱˣþʸ񣬲ǵһλġ
ԣҶϵķѰ׾ж̶Ǳ׼ѰĵرԻˮlĻ֡
ҶǱҲһԵǱϿȵĺϿȣҶ滹ǵһμһ߻Ǳһ̽
˳ռһЩֵĵ͵ĵرͬʱ۽硣
һ·ϣҶҲ˲ߣ·ɱ飬ʱûз
Ͼ⺣Ͽȵ̽Ÿոտʼѡ
Ҷľ飬գض뿪Ͽȵʱ
ߵȴѾɱĳˡ
Ҷۿһصֻ߱ݵĹ̵һ˿һʣںˮеѪҺҲɸɾ
ЩޣҶ浹ǲ£Ϣ΢΢һţ̱Ƿ룬һ·ϣҶŵĺϢӺȺµߣȻλ
һ·ϣҶ滹йزջģˮlĸֺҩҶ澹Ȼ⺣Ͽȷ˺üʺΪϡ
Ҷǣһ·ʶˮˮ֮£ĸӦԲʮ
һǰӦһûʲôΣգǿû©µĵرϿ˹Ҷ治ܱÿһֻΧ
ʱô֣ƴѰҵĶôҶҲţǵѰҵʱȴײ
Ҷ뵽ϿȰ˰ȵʱѲһЩһʱ򣬾Ȼ˴ǰѰ׾
ֲҶ֮ǰǰѾҲûѵ׾ԭһﾹȻ˴󵨵뵽˺ϿȰ˰ĵ
ǿڡΪԼĵ߲ܻ׾Ȼ
׾ǵһˡ
һģһλصߡһλصߣ˽ɼҩ
ˣ׾̣׾̣һһ⡮ߡ
һġߡȻɢſеϢһĿߣϢӵᡢŰ
ôһɢſϢġߡڣһ·Ŀڵ߷׷ױã߮׵ȺЩͼӴޣҿ
һӦġߡϢʱͱܵԶԶġ
Ҷ滺ӽϸϸӦλߡϢ֮ɫһ䣡
Ȼֹ
ߣ
˿ܲϵãΪġߡһλƢĿߡ
ǣԶսնɱһߵҶ棬ϸӦ֮󣬾ϳλߡһ¥еĹߣ
ɢ䱩ŰϢҶ浽ڼ£ǰλġߡɢϢһģһ
ֶ⣬Ҳֻߵһڶѡ
У׾λͬЩѵǰš
ֲĺˮѹ˵һ仰ЩѾǾ޴ˮѹͣļѹĻսףͬʱҲǼġ
ΪӦģǲҪʱʱ̷ָĵҩлżƷ龧գٵĲǾ޴ġ
׾λڵ߳ŵĻǿ׾ͱȽϷѾˣһ·ϣֻ˵
ڳܵľ޴ѹջǷǳġ
ʱʱܹժҩŵߵĻһȵĺϿڣûκΣգߵĻ޵ġ
ԣǵջߣҪöࡣ
߲ҪߣҪĺޣ׾ǣûⷽв
ӣҪǳŲסǿǰȵĺջҲ٣׾ԽԽ࣬λص߿Ȱ
׾ЩѾĻ˻֣ãҳŵסûзںˮѹ֮ƺܹȵЧٶȣ
ĹڵѾ˼֣
ǵûзˮѹǶԻɣ
ż˵ĶԻҶͻȻ䷢֣ƾĶۣ׾Ǹš
⺣֮УȻܹˮѹܹЧɼģϧǣţŵҪֹˡ
ףˣڿٲɼҩĿڼ͵̧ͷǰˮӿ֮
ˮ˲󣬵ˮ˵ĴٶȴǳĿ죬ֱ쵽˲˼飬ڼ͵سʾ
ͻȻĵأĿ⿴ȥɲǣǵˮ˵ٶȾر仺¶ߵ˵ģ
һۣ׾Ǵ㵣ͷЦҶ棿
жãɸҩ㣡
Ҷ棬һΣ·㲻ߣ㴳
һΣһΡҡҾԲᡭŹ㣡
ҶǵȻĿעţ׾Īһϲʧ֮ģһַĵĿ־壬Щ
̫ƽˣҶ飬̫ƽˡ
صڼͫһ¶һ˿֮ɫҲʱŷ쳣
СģҶ治Ծ
̫ˣ
ҶƮǰ͸վ½һ㣬д⣬ûκһ˿һ˸
ǣ޴ˮѹѹ£ͣ˸ţÿ˵һ仰Ҫĵ
ҶΪֻ۷塣
׾ǱˣȻҲ쳣
ǣ׾ڵһʱ䣬ͽ˽е޷޷оܹɿߵʱĵײһĪİȫУ
ʲôڣ˵Ҷ棬ǿ۷ˣҲܶԸ׾һţ
Ĺ¥ж٣Ҷؿˡ
Ҷһڣ׾Ǵ䣬㡭ô֪ߵģ
¥Ķܣ֪ߣҪԣշڼ˽ʱõҶǾԲģ
ô֪ģ
Ҷǳһ˿ζΪ֮ǰ⣬նɱһֻ
ܣܣ׾͵һ䣬һŵģ
ҶߣţնɱһֻǾԲŵġ
ߣǿǿ߶޷նɱĴڡ
ûʲôܣΪ⣬и㣡˵ţҶĿⶸؿ׾߬޷֡
ҶĿ⿴Լ֣׾ͷԺиʱүү޷Ŀ⽻ͷ
ʶɲǣ׾ߣ߶նɱҶ棡
ҲһɲǣҶĿע£ɫƾոֵ׾ָ
ҶĿһǼɫز׾֣
Ĺͷڶ
˲Ϣ䣬׾־ͱһ⣬֮һͬģ׾е޷
׾ҽеͬʱո¶Ŀߣһ˶Դͬһ


1042 
׾ɱһĲҽУҶֻĿ΢΢һͬĺɫͷֱ׾˵壬ͬʱʼɿ
˿־еͬʱҶĿ⣬ڿİһ㡣
׾һֲ۾ĳ嶯
ǰҶ棬жֲԸˣȻֶģ
ڣ׾ҶɶԸߵı¡
ǣѾˡ
ɫڽ֮УѾǵƤ֮УڵĹͷ֮ڶѪʼ䡣
оڷɿ
Ҷڲ򸲺ʥˮ֮֮ԴɱУֲ½ϣͿɸɵҵߡ
֮Уʵǳɱʮ
׾ÿһˮƺնɱǵ
գ۵Ĺ׾˾ͱһʬ
ɳ˵ս׾꣬Ҷʩ˲ӡ
һΣǾԲٸ׾κλȥĿˣǣڻ׾ɢ
׾꣬Ҷ滹á
־˵ĴָҶһһȺƷ޷֮ǰҶʧӰ١
ˮѹҶеĻҪǿ
뺣ϿȰ˰ˮѹҶӰ㣡
ҶκϿ̽жġ
׾˵ĴָҶջ񲢲̶࣬һʱռҩĿҶһ
һռһʮҩЩҩķֵߣߵһ֣Ĵ඼һֵġ
ռҩּһҲİˣҶĿǰõʮֵҩֵİ˱
Ҳһջ
ɸɵ׾Ҷٴοʼ뺣Ͽȡ
׾˴ǹ뵽ϿȰ˰ҡ
ô¥ˣǱĿܸ
һжϾͲˣҶҲͲ˷ʱˡ
ֻҪˣҶ;ԲŹ
һʱ䣬Ҷ۹һ㣬ںϿȵһ࣬Ӱ˰Ǳ뵽һǧ˰ҡ
һ·ϣҶҲɵ˲ҩҶɵķֵߵһҩеķֵҲһʮ֡
뵽һǧ˰ȣѾǳģζüʱһߡ
Ͼȣֻпص߲Ÿ
ҪǣûĺޣÿһֻǳĿֲ
ֵĺޣΪ͵ģƷһ룬ǧֻƷ޳Ⱥӵĳһʲôĸо
Ҷ淽Ųûɵ
ҲҿѹãһӦҶɢĺѹЩ޾Ҳ뿪
ҶҲûΣգһͷ峤ľ֣Ҷ߶ɢĺѹ֮£ȻֱƽҶǧ֮ڣͣΡ
ЩƵĶҶϢֻЩϧתȥ
תɲǣһھ̵ϰͷƷޡ
⽫Ҷ澪һͷ亹Ҷˮˮ޻һĲģͷ㾹Ȼ۷Ϊ
۷ޣܹǿ࿹Ŀֲޡ
ҲҶŻٶȵԭ֮һ
￪ʼҶ͵СģЩΪѴȴûлεĿֲǾ鷳ˡ
ҶСĲɼҩʱֻʱ׷ɱҶСӳԱȴǿˣ
ʱڣǰ˻ͨϢԸһƬ򣬽ǽǧﷶΧڵĺ˸飬ҶӰӶûз֡
£ǳ׵ļˡ
¥˻ԣ˵λɾżˡ
֮ʱʱһҶعˮlƺʥϣʱҪҶ渶ĴۣɾͲһˡ
鼱ãã󺣣ҲҶҲû취
ԣѰ޹ֻ֮ʱɱСӣϾͷѰҶˡ
¥ˣɱҶ治һʱ⾺Ĵʸ񣬱б֤
Ȼ¥ŷԿԲμӾģ¥ŷ¥ŷҵ棬ˣȴֱ¥յĻƼּҡ
¥Ϊһ壬ƽҲڶݣԸʱҲԼΪᡣ
͵Ҳ⡣
һ֧֮¥ʱɵɱСӣͷֻӣֱɻͷǱϿɼҩ
ڼ״ҲΣ˻ǲ
Ȼǧ֮ҲҶ棬ôҶпܻǱĸ
Ϊ˼ӴҵҶĻʣλٴηͷ
һʱ䣬׷ɱҶǸСӾͷֱԷͷ˺Ͽȵ
ʱҶҲΣա
һֻ˸ɫâװҶ׷ɱ޴ء
ֻװԼʮ״СɼΣǷ·һ࣬ɫĹ⻪һһİ׹ˮдܳ
ɲǼ䣬ˮо͵Ҵܣ
Ҷڲժһɫʱ򣬱ֻװӱ͵Ϯһ¡
Ҷͱ飬ҲҶ׵ĿԻǺǿģ˲Ϣͻָ˹
ָĵһɲǣҶͳ׵Ĵ߶ѹŴ˼¡
ҶƵǣװ£
Ҳǲ£װֱҶ档
Ҷ߶ĺѹѾˣ۷ޣò
ȻҶҪǽӽװһ֮ڣҶƣɢĺѹܹװ
ǣҶӽһһٷŵ磬ʱͨˮĴӿ
ԭҶΪҲܹԸ
û뵽һܱߺˮҲ̺׵֮Ҷĺѹ۲
ҶƵֱѪ
װֱƵġ
Ҷ浹أһһ׹øļʮڵĺˮ׵֮Ҷˬޱȡ
˵Ƿʱһһģ
Ҫǣװܱ˵ĺˮ֮Уٶȼֱ쵽˼㣬ֻҪеĵطܹ˲ϢҶȻ޷
Ҷǵһǰ˱
ڱĲ˼ʮ֮Ҷڷնɱֻװʼ׵
ֻװ·Ҷîһ㣬Ҷ׷ɱҶ棬ζҶ˦ֻҪͣϢ׷
֮£Ҷһðյľ
뺣Ͽȣ
޻϶ŷǳǿعֻװȻǧĺһ£;Բ뵽ǧĺס
޸֪Σյıܣɱǿˣ
ԣҶڼ̵ʱڣ뵽˽ǧĺȫ߶֮£Ϣɢǿޣܾһ㣬ٵĴҶߡ
ͻأҶĿһϿȱһīɫľ״ľҶݡ
ˮl֮ϣΪųݺΣָߴٷ֣ǳ
ϳɲǣҶʶĻͷһ£װû׷
Ӧ˦˰ɣ
֮࣬ҶСǰųݺΡ
ɾҶ潫ųݺսָɲǣ̵׵شҶȻͷɲǣҶ۾صɴޱȵ𾪡
ܳϷҰ


1043 鱦쳣
ܳϷҰ
ŭУҶ濴ŴӺ󷽷׷ֻ׹˸װӰתͷ˺Ͽ
װ龳۷ް׹ֱҶ滹Ҫʮ
һֻװԽҶ׷޴ɲء
ֻװͬʱ׷Ҷʲô³
ңΪҶк鱦׹顢ǰ־޹׷״壬װ׹ȻֲҶ˺̫
ҪǣҪǱΧϣһº䲻Ҷ棬Ƕ۵Ӹһ׹ɱǿеĿ̡
ҶΨһҵǣٶȻ죬Ȼ޷׵İװȺװҪ׷Ҷ棬ҲЩѶȡ
ģҶɫԽԽѿ
ΪҶ淢֣׷װֹֻ׹ӰӰ´£ҶӦ֮£׷ҶװȻߴʮֻ
Ҷʱһָ˹ĸо
һֻװ׷ɱôһȺװ׷ɱ
ܵģҶֻϿ꣬ϣЩװܹغ޵淨򣬲뿪Լ̫Զ
һҶһѰ˼һ⡣
ЩװΪʲôҪ׷
һװ׷Ҷ棬Ҷ浹ùΪʲô߻֮װأ
װֺҶ֮ǰû¼ȴҲޣͲ󣬵ȴǳֲжƽѵһ
ҪǣϲöУ
ϲöа
ҶΪʲôܹһȺ
ҶͷƤҲ벻ͨ⵽ôһ¡
ҶǱֱĴ򺣵ڷɿĽţܿģ뵽˺ǧǧ
뺣ϿȽǧȣ⺣ϿûеףǣȣȴɢһҶͷ־Ϣ
ˮɢȥûԶˮһĪжϵ
һĪľҶͷ֣ʹҶҪ뿪
ѪĸӦҶһֱǷǳӵģÿһγ֣ƺԤʾҶ漴޴վ
ܵģҶֹס˼ͷλһƯĻߣǰδܹȥ
Ӧܹ˦˰ɣ
ʶģҶͷһۣһۣҶ;Ϳòٿˡ
һһƬ׹⣬ǵصҶϯ
ʱҶֱһץĳ嶯
˲ںףǿд߶ӰͷһξͷֻӰΪ˱ӰֵɲǾͱǿֲˮѹɷ顣
ڷֻ֮ǰҶֱӱƳһ˿ڵһ챾ԴѪܺڵĺˮȾһ챾ԴѪҲ̺źĺˮ
൱ҶһڱԴѪˣһ챾ԴѪƳҶ͸о۷ΪһɶΪ䡣
ʱΪ˱Ҳ˲ôˡ
һǺˮ챾ԴѪҶһΪݣֱעӰ֮С
ıӰȻҶһˮˮѹڵߣӰˮѹǰ֧Űӣûκġ
ֻҪӰܽʮֻװӣҶԿӳڣܵûӰ
ʱҶξͻӰ֮У˲ϢҶ棬ɢ˷
һɲǣҶٴɵۣ
޶ԣ
ǵسʮֻװһֻһֻӰԶȻ޶ԣ·һֻһ۾һ㣬Ҷı壬񱼶
£Ҷֱˡ
Ӱ߶޷ʶƣﾹȻֻǳ޸ˡ
ֱǡ
ƹҶһһϸ˼
Ծ
йŹ֣
ӰԲЩǳܹʶƵģǣƫƫˡ
һԭ
ҶɫʱҶڴﵽһ飬ûзκ쳣
ô£ҲûЩһȴһȺװûκףѵ˵
Ҷͷͻһͷ᲻ʲôĶװأ
Ҷժųݺ֮ϣǾųݺαҶժ֮ӽ˴ָ֮УһϢܻôװ
˵ɢĺϢЩװ壿
һˣҶһʱ֮ǰ׷ɱʱһ㣬ϢѹƵ˼¡
һɲǣҶû
ϢҶѹ֮£Ҷٶ轵һװȴû˿ٵ˼һѷĳ
һﳤ׹ںˮţžҶ˲ϢԲʮĺÿһˮ֮У˸׹⡣
ҶʱͰֱԼ
ûҳԭ򣬻Լ˾
ǿĻ⺣ˮ֮òˣ׹⣬ƺԼ͸ˮһ㣬Ҷ쳣
ʶģҶһͷ׹鱬һ׹ҶһȦ׹ϡ
Ȧ׹һͳ׵ĸװ׹ҪǣһɲǵĹʮֻװͽҶΧסˡ
ʮֻ
һʮֻ۷װҶˡ
Ҳˣͷ飬ܹŶã
̵׹УʮֻװɿҶƽţ˲ϢͱƽһﷶΧ
֮࣬ܵģҶٴδ߶ʶĽϢɢ˳
һɲǣʮֻװܵ˾ŵһ㣬ʱɢӶݡ
龰ҶЩɵۡ
ô£
Ϣֹˣ
һɲǣҶˡ
ԭΪЩװ̫ˣϢŵˣ׷״ԶܵҶĵطʱЩװ¾۳һŵİΧȦͣĺﳤˮͰϸ׹Ҷ档
ٴҶĺϢ
һʮֻ޾γôһݵƽ⣬׹̵˸ţֵװ׹
ʮֻװǼֲиĳҶ档
ܿģ״̬ͳ˰ӡ
ʱҶͻȻ䷢֣Щװ۾ģɫĵ˸ӣзǳԷ֡
ʱ֮£ҶŷЩװ۾
ǣҶ淢֣Щװ۾񣬲ҶϣȫҶͷϡ
ʮֻװȫ
Ҷͷ֮ϣֻһ׹飡
ʱҶͷһ˿򡪡׹飡
Щװ׷Ҷ治ᣬȻΪǸӦҶڵĺ鱦׹飡
ᵽѪζһ㣬ѪζһᵽѪζ֮еĵȽѹҲֹЩѪζ
ȺװҲˣ鱦׹ǵ֮Ѫζ޻Ҫǿϰٱ
Ǹԭ
ǣأ
ʸոոֵɲǣҶԼ̫ɵ
ʱʮֻװΧȦվŲҶ棬ⲻ
һɲǣҶ΢΢һ˫һɫʹҶ˫к
ͣ
⼫׼ȷĺֻװڡ
ֻװûһ£ʱ׹˲ʧ
ҲһɲǣҶͷĺ鱦׹΢΢һȻݸҶһʶ


1044 ɺ
ɣ
鱦׹鴫ݸҶ˼ȻҪɵֻװʬ塣
׼ȷ˵ֻװ
׹С괫Ҷһֱܵʶ
ֱܣҶ̫
ǰȺװ׷Ҷ治ţǸӦҶڵĺ鱦׹Ϣ鱦׹Ĵ׷ᣡ
ʱ׹ڵ괫ʶֻһ¡װ׹в棡
һװʬ崦ˮ·һֻεĴһ㣬˲ϢͽװʬƵǰˮ絶ȭͷС˸׹ɫͱˮţ͵׹鸽
Ҷֵǣɫ棬ȻŷֲŲ·͸Ϣ
̣
һ죬׹ŵ⣬ʱͰסɫ˸˼֮ɫƾʧ
һĻҶϲ

׹ԷʵԷĳɳ
أǱܶעģ޷ɳġ
ʦøõĲϺַ¼һٴǵƷս֮⣬κοܳɳĿܡ
Ǻ鱦ȴһ鱦ֻҪʵıͿԳɳֳɳûޣ
鱦ĳɳʱǳȵģ鱦ֻһͳƣÿһ鱦ӳǲͬġ
еĺ鱦ʱֻ൱еȴ൱ڻҲеĺ鱦൱ԶԶ
Ҷ׹飬ʥôƷƷ֮䡣
ۣһ޳ɳԣϣֻҪźʵĵر޳ɳȥ
һǵ֮ԴƣȴʮټҪ
ʱֻװΪڳɳ
Ҷ澪ȵǣװȻܹ׹ɳı
ϣҶ治֪գһ֪;ԲŹκһ׹ɳĻᡣ
һɲǣҶ˫ٴαֱĺʱֻװɢ
編֮£׹鿪ʼͣװ
˵ʵǰһֻװɵͬһһˣţ׹ԽԽֲ
ÿÿһ׹ͷˮ״ϸҪƽʱ˿ֲһ׹䵽ҶϣҶ군
ǣޱ޼ʵĺˮ֮УԶ
һһˮ״ϸ׹ոպͽˮɢȺҶԣʮһɶʣ¡
Ҷ׹߷ɵ׹ϣ·Ȼһ㣬Щ׹ķǳǿ
ֵ״̬£ҶһǰδеٶȺɱһֻһֻװ
ʮֻװҶɱ˶ʮֻʣֻʱֻװ׵Ŀ־壬˻ŷߣ
˲λ
Ҷͷ·һͷٳ̵Ľǹһ㣬ٵ׷ϣҲ⡣
ϧǣЩװҲŲǣǷɢߵġ
գʮֻװҶֻɱʮֻֻװӳ졣
һɲǣҶÿˮ֮Щװʬۼȡ͸׹ͬʱҶҲؿڵħ֮С
ʮ⣬Ҷɫļ󣬽ĵҶɵɫ⡣
״̬ӦͻΣա
ҶڴʱһֻֻħĻͽڣȻΪҶĻ꺣֮С
Ҷָ߳ɵʱҶŻ۾
Ҷͷ׹飬ѾǶʮװϡ
ʱ׹飬ȥӵ׹տȻ΢΢Ӧ׹̺֮ǰҪ࣡
ÿһװ̺ĺʮװ׹̺֪׹ڵжྫˡ
׹̺׹֮ԴƵ֮£תΪ׹ıԴ
׹ıԴζ׹ҶϵļӳָҶߺǿ
ңֻҪҶã׹ıԴڹؼʱ򣬸һ
ףԣ׹ϢôӦű֮ǰǿĳɣ
Ҷüͷ΢֮࣬ʱ͹ע׹ıԴ֮УɲǣҶ۾ص˸ԲУд˾ϲ
ƣ
׹ıԴ֮Уǵ֮Դ֮⣬ʱȻһöɫ֮ơ
öƿȥЩȱûȫɣǵ֮Դһȣֱࡣ
Ǿȱĵƣȴɢһݵɱ֮
ͷһҶͷ׹⻪һһ׹ⶸغ
ҶУ׹׹ɲǣ׹ıԴ֮Уǵ֮ԴǵɫĲȱͬʱ˸һ¡
ɲǼ䣬ҶߺϢ࣬Ҷȫ߶֮£ˮͰһϸ׹˺ˮ
׹ĿֲȻĺˮ֮Уһˮ·

֮ǰҶߺࡣ
ڴ֮ǰߺ׹ϸҲǸ첲ϸҶΪûû׹ϸȴƾһ
ʣǵȱ֮Ƶã
˲Ϣ䣬ҶЩװ֮Ϸֲ·ʲôˡƣ
Щװܵ۳һֵƣ
Щװ۷Ϊһǰ벽Ĵˣܹ۳һĵƣǾĴֱӻζпܡ
ЩܵĿ˲֪۵һƣȴȫҶĺ鱦׹顣
Ҷļʶװ۳ĲȱƣӦǳֵƣǣٴǳĵƣҲǵţ
ȱĵƶжߣ
жҶ治ǾƾǰȱƼӳ֮£׹ԿԸһƷˡ
ңҶڿԺɵĴ߶׹飬Ǵ߶һƷûôˡ
εջ֮󣬿֪
ԥģҶͽ뽫εջٴ
ϾĻ̫ˡ
һɲǣҶͷ׹⻯š
Ҷ漸ǽ׹Ϣ߶˼£ɢԶԶģȻɿ֮ζš
ܹ߮װȻɱǣǵܹú鱦׹ٴγɳ
ϧǣҶ涥һ˶ĵݣװûȴͷţͷСӡڳһֻ˶ޱȵ͵Ĺ㣡
ʱҶǧĺϿζ
ǧĺϿȣߣҲСġ
·ɽһ΢΢һһţ¶Ѫںͷݣǹž͵һ
Բʮĺˮͷ·йһ֮УˮʯǸֵָˮͨͨͣ
ֲޱȵʱҶξѾһöһ㣬˲Ϣʹܳʮ
ܳɲǣҶͫ͵һ
Ǻɫ΢΢ƶɲǣ£Ȼɺ⣡
ɫɺ⣡


1045 ڤ
ɫɺ⣬ʱͽҶĿģ
ֻ˹ͬʱֻϵɳ䣬˲Ϣ䣬Ҷϳ㵽ʲô⣡
ԣ
һֻϹѪϡģԡ
ģȫ˶͸űˣûһ˿һķ緶ǿһۣȴͷ
Ƿ˶ģҶ滳ɣһ׹ȥܲܺ䴩ǲʱ죿
Ҷʱûôʱ俼Щ⣬۽ɨǱɫɺ⣬˸ȴǷһһƬ
ҲҶϢҶƣûΪĻһӦĺϢҶͻᱻ̽ȥɡ
ʱһҲǰ״
ҶһǣԲû׷ɱҶ棬·һΣÿһһκХһ㣬ΪԲ¾ͻᱻˮߡ
֮Ե建ĸλһһ£͸ıɫɺⶸʧ
ҶθͣԶֻţͷСеĹ⻪ȥð춼û˵
ӵ£ʲô
Ȼܹɫɺ⣿
ɺһҲţ
ҶڵĿˮУҲܹ巽Բʮ֮һУԲʮҲԼɼ
ӵµıɫĺ⣬˲ϢͲҶ֮ڣǸ͸͸֮⣬ûκġ
˵ʵıҶ滹ǵһμ
ȻҶ淢ıҶͲ޶ԡ
ʱҶԶԶƮĥĥζԸԡ
ǰͷԵϢȻֻ¶һɲǣҶҲǸӦ˸߰˰ˡ
Խף
ǳԽ̤Ĵ
ҶĿǰʵնɱֳԽ̤ĴܣΨһϣɫɵˡ
Ȼ֪ðգҶ滹һԡ
ҶԼٶȣһŵġ
һҶƾǼı£Ҳǿǰӵһġ
ϸ˼ƻһҶͿʼѰ֮á
ϧǣҶչ黹ǵ͹ͷԵʵ
ҶľĲ߻£⣬ֱĺԵڡ
ǣֻǻҵĲһ£ȻǱϵľ޴ۣŭݺݵĶҶ档
Ҷķ֣˶ϣͻȻܲѪ˿Ӧ⹥Ч
Ӧˣƺޣ
ԵķŭĺУҶʹ˳̵ӳǾһı¡
Ȿ£ʥ츳ͨе񣬵ҪֲĶࡣ
ҶһѺǣԾȻû׷
ϸո¶ıɫɺ⣬ֱȥ
Ҷͷһɣɢȥ׼ļؼʱֶ̱Ρ
Ҷ沢׾ͷˡ
ҶƵķ֣ھһεĹ֮Ծࡣ¸ŶʮԶֻ˶ĶҶ棬˸Ī׹⡣
ҶƵǣֻ˶ǰȻΡ
Ƴ⿪ԵĲǱӾתҶ档
ֻҪҶһӽֻԶʮ֮ڣʮ֮ڵĺˮͻǷ츲һ㶯
𵴵ĺˮ̺һƿֲİÿһҶ͵𵴵ġ
ҲҿҶżֿˮı£ҪȻҶıͽԵĶˡ
ҶԿҲʮ֮࣬Ҷͽ뱣ڶʮ֮⣬Ҳҽӽʮ֮⡣
Сֻ۾ں׶ţһ׹⣬һΡ
ʾϸҶҲҲκζԸһķǼıҲС
ΪǰͷԣҶôŭǲŲѡ
ҶƣֻӦڿǱ벽Ҳ뿪
һλ̤Ĵػıжô
ǣȻʱҲҶԵ
ʱҶƾһˣǾ޷Եġ
ֻϰ֮󣬺֮˺а취
ƺʥΪӦܹԸֻԣʱƺʥԸҶлõǸ
СһӡǣҶЩ뿪Ƭ
Ǻˣ
ò˵ǧȵĺϿȣЩطѾӽˣָĵرĶ࣬ˮlϵҩǲ١
ÿԶģҶջ
ͻȻ䣬ǰʮһĺһߴɫīԼһ׵ĺӳҶ
ɲǣҶͷһͳˮl֮в鿴
ɫī֦Ҷϣÿ֦ҶÿҶ硣
ڤ
ֵߴһǧڤ
ϳǺͬʱҶ沢ûмǰǽˮ֮ϣ۲ûΣա
ȷʵûΣ֮󣬲ŷٵĳڤ
ûӽڤʮ֮ڣҶ͵شһһֱĺ䶸Ϯ
Ҷ󾪡
޳ڸǿʼս壬ô䣿
ôֱܻս
ʱҶŷ֣ڤһƬ¶쳣ĵףˮһճ̬š
ճĵºˮ֮У̹ǣҶںеζٶҲ÷ǳ
ҶߣڵԴԴϵӿֿǵ£ҶЩѾĿٽӽڤ
֮󣬵Ҷ潫ڤսָʱܱճ¶ȼ͵ĺˮʼٵɢ
Ҷ棬ʱѾýӲ
ȡڤ֣һĿ߰ص߷ڤԽӽ˱֮⣬·
ҲҿŵҪȻôĶ֪
Ҷ૵ʱҶͻһ䣬ʮ⣬һֲĴһٵҶ
ճºˮɢȥҲʧȥȻϱЩƽǿ󺣵ޣӿ
ͷ׹⻪һˮͰϸ׹غԭأˮеɢɲǣҶѾʧ
ˮеĵ⣬ǸϢֲĴһη壬׹ɢȥҶѾʧȥӰ
⺣ϿȵײΣջܴ
һʱʱڣҶջķֵٵҩͳ˶ʮǣĵҲʮΡ
ΣҶһȺ׷ɱ
޴ԪƳ⺣Ͽ֮أޣֻҪڴѪ̫ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ꡢǧǧҲܽΪ
Ҷλֵܣĸʥ䱾һֻԣ仯β֮ǰǧ¶ļ䡣
ԣ⺣Ͽٵĵϡ档
һȺϢֲĵ׷ɱ£Ҷһ߿׹һЩ뿪˺Ͽȵĵײٵϸ
ĵرҪСҪ
Ҷãһĺãվþôһ죡
ȺҶɿϸϿǧȣΣصĺףҶ滹ʶĽˮ֮£۲ŷԲĶ
ͻȻ䣬ʮӹһӰҶע⣡
ǵӰе죡


1046 
棿
û뵽Ȼַᷢ޷ˮlĻ棿
ǵӰ֮Ҷ涸صתβûãҶϳЩӰ˭
﷢׷ɱԼĻ棬Ǿʹһ¡
ǸʱɵɱСӣʮа˾Ѿ˶Ҷ׷ɱɢжˡ
ϾҪ׷ɱҶĻӦںϿǧ֮ڵķΧжֻп߲ǧ֡
Ȼ޾ԣ˵ǰءҶˮѹأ
ԣڷֻӰ׷ȥɲǣҶ沢ûڵһʱǻĽӽţϵĽˮɢȥ۲Ż渽
С޴Ҫǻ渽һλߴڵĻǹܹҪҶС
ʮʮʮҶ治ϵĽӽš
ҶʮʱҶڿȷһ£ʮ֮⣬κһλߴڡ
ңֻ˵ĲˣǸһĨЦɲǣҶʱ˾
ôõĻᣬɲܾŹ
ΪԵģҶ۲췢֣ǧǱȽϳġ
ĻսײͣĲţˮѹӰ죬治òԿ֮ˮѹ
ңҶ淢֣һޣϢԶԶıܿǡ
һֻֻƷޣ涼ƵԶԶıܿˣֻǲͣѼŷֵĸҩĵر
ϵϲɫջǺܲġ
ȵĵر¥Ҳչ
ÿһĵر½϶Ϊۡ
ǽˮlԼãǳмֵ
ҶƣӦԭ
ҶϸĹ۲˻ӣӻԼɵҪֿĿֲˮѹ
ɵӰ죬ԻʵӰ컹һɡ
ϰɱ¾ĽȻǻһˮƣˮףǺˮѹ޴ڵӰ£ܵ˲ٵӰ졣
Ҷƣܽʵٶȷӳ˳
ǣΪ¥߳ϡ¥ƼҵҪڣ֪ûʲôıһƴҶٴʤ˵
һҶãҪСĴۻȡջ
£͵Ϯ
ͬд˼ɲǣҶһãʧɲǣһֻ;޴ĶβзͳҶʧĵط
Σ
ε
ǣҶںˮֻ֧֣βзͨʰɫɢŨŨˮ
ڻ֮ʣҶ滹ӰڵһֻβзϢøĪ⣬Ա
һ׼֮ˮβзӰͳ˼ʮ֮⡣
졣
һΣĵر˶ĵطԣ֪طΣգСıܿΣղժЩĵر
¥ĵλĸߣ߳ϣ¥ڣĵλܹŽǰʮ֮ڣ¥Ƽ֮ڣĵλҲܹŽǰ塣
˵ԴȱƽҲĶࡣ
ǣһ̰ĵȺ壬˭Դ࣬ңŮĶ࣬мλΪϲŮӣ츳ҲҲһ¡
ңΪ¥߳ϣҲһĸֲЩĸҲҪԴ
ǰ⺣׵ĵرɸ߰Ͷһˡ
ܲϲ
ûЩޣ͸ˣ
ͻأһֱܱ״Ļ棬ʮһֻ;޴зķ
ٶƣƺǳ
׳ڣڵޣ
΢΢˼һ£滹Ƿ˳ֵ뷨׳ڵޣնɱǣǧʵˮѹѹסһ֡
ңһ֣ɱ޵ѪζܻĿֲޣһ⣬μ֮ã͵ýˡ
ԣڽ滹ѡܿ
΢ͽϢ˼£һ˿۾΢Ŀֻз޴ǰ·
ͻȻ䣬ֻ·з޵΢΢ͷ­ת˻ķ۾һ£ƺʲô
ģæ۾Ϊ۽ǵֻз޵ע⡣
ǻû뵽ǣ۾ɲǣֻз޵ͷ­Уȴһ۾
Ƕ۾˶ͷ­ǳССĸһֻۡ
ɫĹ⻪شǶ۾籡
ͬһɲǼ䣬ͷ͵һһǰδеΣжظͷɲǣͬʱӦһɰޱȵ겨
ʶģ͵۾
˫ɲǣͿһɫĹ⻪ֱĺ˹۾ոɲǣͺӡá
ʱ鸮оͷ·һ㣬߸⻪ɣѹǹ
ǹɰɫĹ⻪ȴ·һ㣬ɲǼͽ߸ƣ
ۣ
Ѫ쭡
ʮɫʼƾճڻɲǼս
һɲǼ䣬͸оҪƬˣʱ˫ѪĻ棬ԼǰӰ
Ҷ棬ôܡ
ɲǣ˫Ͷŭ˵ںʵĿֲ£ֽϰٵ顣
ֻ鶸ڿֲˮѹ֮ر
Ҷʱս˻д꣬»ĴָԭɢһˮˣҶӰʧ˷
ʮϢ󣬸ĺˮؾҵľʮͷѪζޣѾΪѪʳ˻Ŵս

ҶҲû뵽ɱжȻɡ
һλڵߣȻɵɱˡ
ĶִҶˮ׾Ȼ˿ֲ
ȻҪǻˣѹû뵽ֻзǻˣɱҶ棡
д˾Ҷķٵ
Ȼܹɱ棬ҶǲҲܹɱ׷ɱּҵաڵˣ
Щ˴ʱҲһߺжĻ
ҶҲţЩˣʮа˾žǧﵽǧĺж
˵λ
ǼʶӺеôȻӵһеҶ棬ҲԲ֮ͨ
ȻǧĺҲҶӰʮа˾žͻ̽
ǣҶٴμ
ϧǣһƬ̫ˣʮϿխҲаңǧ࣬ҪôһƬĺ֮Уڰ첻ʱҵһˣȽѡ
ǶҶԣҲǱȽѣ
ʱ䣬Ҷֻλ¥صߣ˳ָʰˣȴһû
о仰ҪԩҲס
ϿĲɼҩ֮ڽҶ뿪ʱҶ澹ȻǰںЩͽҶɥķڣ
ҶģȴǷڴʱĴ


1047 Ͻ
ˮl͵¥ϣĲɼ֮ٽһ۵ļλڣעҲתƵ˲ɼҩ֮ϡ
λС۾ҪˣѾߴӺϿ֮гˣˮlһ䣬ָԶЦ
ߵˮl½ߴӺ𣬵ϺˮlһɹܼǰȥͳƵǼơ
ǣŵһ̽ߵĻع飬λ֮еĻҩζҲȼ
ϲģȻҪƺʥˡ
ĿѲһ֮һ
Ϊֹû뿪ҲûյκηѶһ˵˵Ӧûסĵ򺣴ʥ
ӵ֮еĴ˵Ҳ˵һЩҪҶ棬ӾԲĥġ
Իڵһʱ뷽跨ĻĺС
ڳļλǿߣĸ˼֮ƺʥһڳǾƺʥ˼
ˮlˣֻЦЦԸ֮Щ˵ķ֮С
ĶGûôȻﴦˣϴκôӣԻ⡣
ʵʱܳ׵˺Ƥʱлܹˡ¥֮Ĺϵǳ
׼ȷ˵ӦǻϽͣ
ҶԽݣɱԽʧԽԽˡ
ԣԥģλĶGһʺ
ޣƺֵģƺһŵ˰ɣǲȷĵ򺣴ʥȻˣ
˵ţGĿ⿴˽¥¥ŷ࣬λɳ֣ʵŧһЩȻòһλصߣ
G⻰ƺʥˡ
ޣô˵ǰЩӰĵµҲŧһ˰ɣƺʥԾ˵
ʲô
£ǽӻŷֻˮlһŨڲ֮еĺɷһݵĿG
£棿
Ǽλסʵ̫ˡ
һλ۷ߣսʤصߣ뿪߰ص߶ԿʵпԳ֮Ϊ
ôһλ۷ܹԿһλĴڣʲô
⼸λȫĴڣһ꣬꣬ƺʥǧ꣬ͻƵ
ųһڡ
ɼ֮·жѡ
ͻȻһλ۷ߣͿɵսǵеĳһˣֱƷǵһβ
Gһʱͱɫ
ϽͲɣȻԼ
ǣʮϢֻСӿһЩֶΣҵֵ³ŹʮϢG˵
ԣʥǼ鱦׹飬ǳ˴ʥҶ׷ϰϷʱȻûϳGֲһ䡣
ͷGϽ͡
״ˮlŷࡢɷϾԼȻǶԿܹһλĴУŹʮϢҲ˲õģ
£һĿ߰صߣҲܹĴгŹʮϢ
Ǻ鱦׹飬˵ıչҪԭģӿˡ
ƺʥȴһЦ˵ɣզ˵˵ģһߵˣ
ȴԸƺʥ죬Цǵģһȡģ˵µͻὫ׹ַ
Ҷ棬Ҳĳȴűǰȥʰ
ˣ飬ãҲҪҶ˵ͷ¥ּ˵ķǰôҲҪһЩѪ죡¥¥ŷЦ
Ѿڸսˣݲһʱ䲻һΪ¥¥ŷľȫԵȫʸġ
ݣû־ʸ
˭˵û׹飬Ҷͷȥ죿ǵĴȥɣ
µЩӣҪˣϽ˶ûκϢѾܴɣ
˵µЩʲôܹʲô֮ģѾǼĵܸɵˣҼĵܣΣƺʥĭɵľһ硣
ǰһ䣬ŷʵЩ㷵ģȻԼµʵţ˻ûϢȷʵ̫ϳ
Ǻһ䣬Ǿ;Բˡ
ûҶ棬µľӢ֣Ҷնɱ
챾Ǽʶı£ΨţӰԴһĲм
ţҪǾĵ򺣴ʥģİ˺Σƺʥͽƣǣûеӣ
ƺͰ˵ģϷóһ˵ĺҶɵ¥λܹ֮һҲң
ҲóһƺֶĶλ˵
ƺʥ˷һİۡ
ڻûյϢӸŷҶûʮģͬģƺʥҶܲնɱеһλҲûʮġ
գԼ೰ߵļλ㶼Ǹͷԣģûаյ£ǲģ
ҲͬʱҶƺʥ˺ü顣
Ҷ淢ַڵʱ򣬱ʮֻƷ峤׵󣬵ȴŷ·ֽһı̵ĺѪս
ܱоֻ̺ʬ壬ʮһֻΧڵ̺ҲǸˣǱڵģҲòȥ
޷֮зǳټ½֮ϣڵսսȺǳӰӶûпͱնɱˡ
ǵ֮Уһʵͱˮˮѹѹ˴룬½ϿӦԵʮֻƷޣʱΧǱ쳣
˲ʣ
£ŲҪǴģҶǸһ˿ȻٵĽӽ˹ȥ
ڿսıͻȻ俴ԶˮֱǧģǸ֡
£ɵôϲæĶ
ߺˣ˷ڣĳһ֮˶лҲ˲ŻῪȡ
Щ̺ʰҪһʱ䣬һӿܰʱҪǣѪζѾɢʱ̻ǿĺޡ
һǸʱ򣬱ھҪ군ˣ
Ϊ˾뿪ƽ߸ϵıڲѲ˳ȣл
ñϲǣǴˮǰӰȻͣˣǵˮеӰʱȴסˡ
סˣұޱȵѿ
׼лΣ
ҶЦУʮɫƾոڷڵţȻ˲ؽ
Ҷģ侮ʯ㲻áƺ𣬷ڵŭʹֹ
һУҶ涯֣ͱȺ̺û
Ϣ֮׹Ҷͷһ̺İУҶһϢķڷӳ
еɲǣһĳİ׵Խʱںˮдһϸߣޣ


1048 Ȳ
⺣Ͽ˽ʱ䣬ҶѾʶԼеǿ
еѡҶԸӭսЩ׷ɱߣȻӳ⡣
Ҷĺɣ֮оôӵһСҽĽӣж
еѡҶǾԲԸˮ¶սġ
˵ϱˣҶǾԸ֮жսġ
ɸɵ֮Ҷһֱϣſ⼸λ׷ɱߣգǸҶ漫ɱ
½ϣҶҪЩˣǼΪѵģ֮УҶãЩԿҲûɶġ
ϧǣ첻Ը
ҪһƬϿ̫ˣ֮ٽʱʱҶڷˡ
ˮ΢΢һҶͷ·һöһ㣬ֱĴ֮гˮlķȥ
Ҷνӽ桢뺣滹аʱҶüͷͻһ
ǰʮ⣬λ߾߸Ӽһ㣬ƮںˮУһеȫһʵʵĺˮ
Ҷܹˮÿһκˮ֮УֱӴεĺˮ׷Щˡ
һصߣҶǣһ˿Ц
Ĳժ֮ڼͬʱκײɼҩҲΣաѪȵʱ
ðΣշķһſŵȥժҩֱ˵ĳɹÿ죿
Ҷٶȼ죬˲Ϣ͵Ƭ
ͬʱʹӺˮ֪˵ߣ׷¶ЦصĺˮƳϮҶ档
ģ͸ӹ
һ̺ĶϺȶҶΪɢ
ϧǣƲģ·ٵ˿ûõ˼⻪ʼٵ֡
ɷҶ۽һ
ҲҶôߴһɨ֮ϣͬһʱ嵽ʮȵĺɫ
Ҷָ΢΢һЩĺɫս
͵ʬ屻ָڶѪʱȾ档
һ֮ͬУͷһصߣˣΪڿĵ֮䡣
ݣͻϮ֮£ʰصĴڣˡ
ǣҶֻһ⡣
ͷĿصΪΪҶĺ֮£ŵãҲڵһʱͷҶݵˡ
ֵɲǣ
򺣴ʥ
ʥС۲ʶ̩ɽδߵѾںʵĽɱ֮ķѡ
ѵɲǣҶͶسָ࣬⻪һ߸ոӳ꣬ͱҶ
ʱҶУųӯ꣬ҲҶģöָ
ЩȫʱҶȴͷϷӰӰ´µӰһЦ¶һ˸źİ
һɲǣǳǻȸһǣɢͷһأ
ЦһɲǼɱλڵߣǾȫΧȥҲ˼ɱģοҲĸΪս֣
ۣ
棬ҶЩ̰һڴζʿ
ȻҶں׿ԿϢܳʱ䣬չ鲻ˮϲ½ء
ʱתˮlʱҶҪɵöࡣ
ʱҶǲһ뺣֮ǰΧŹɱǻȥʱҶɷ硣
߱ܶڸ׷ɱҶˣû
ʵҶ浹뿴һ̤ˮl֮ǰնɱǣҲΥ
ĵܣȻĻˣûȱɶãããԶԶģҶӰƺʥЦ
ЦƲʾɢҲýӡŷɫѿޱȡ
ҶȱĻˣǾʹҵɱʧˡ
GɫҲòȥ뷨ҶԶҪǲõġ
ҶıȽѾ֮ڵˡ
ǣҶ֮⣬ǰ׷ɱҶİλ֣ʱȴһû
ƣýӸŷֱֹ
ô׷ɱݣ군ɣ
¥¥ŷ࣬üͷǽһŷҵһ֧ɼҩĶ飬Ѿˣû䣬ֻ˶ѡ
ּҵĲɼҩߣʱȻһûлҲǲӰһַǳõԤУ
ͻȻ䣬͵վ𣬿еǵɫ⣬һɣˣ
²μյģЩǱ޹𷣡
˻ͺã
Ӱοһ䣬ʵأ
뺣һ󣬾·ͷ׷Ѱ˵ţ޺޵ĿһһЦҶ棬ԴϢӦúܻܿ
Ǿͺã
ԼµʵӻǺĵģ
Ҷȴڴʱʱ˵ǵȲˣ
ţ
ӵĿⶸһ㶢Ҷ棬򺣣ʲô˼
ûʲô˼һҲ̫÷һҶЦ˵
ޣ
ĶҶ棬۵ɷ޲ھͳʰҶ档
ˮlڲ࣬زƻƺʥҲĲҶǰǼƣԲ
ⱦոյõã֪ʲô֣÷Ҳ̫ͽ̣
˵ţһɫͶسҶģɫ⻪֮УʣΪĿ
ɲǣӵ۾͵˸Բ
ӥƷڵļƷӥƷôϣ仰ӼǺģӵҲһɲǼܲѪ˿ϢرñŰޱ
ƺʥһϲɫ̤ǰһסҶ档
ҶȴٴЦ仰ʵ֣Ҫɱңܲ¾ɣ
Σֻܷ𷴻ϴĴۣŸɵ˷ΣɻƷҲǲҵģ
ϧǣĥһ·û÷ⲻһڣҾ֪֡ӥƷ٣ƾ֣ҲǺñ
ⱦ÷ҪҲͽһҶЦȴɭȻޱȣȻ˵ĳͻȻ޿ɱ⣬ҶҪʼȫλĴˣЩ˺վӣ
ӡ
͵̤ǰһ˾ŭ
ŭУ˸ĸʽĲ豭Σ׷һŭл˷ĩ
ˮlɫĻ˻䣬һ˿̻Ϣģͽε£˷Բʮ֮λҪȻ͵¥ܱܲס˵ء
ϷĲյ°ȲľϷһȫµģ
ˮl·ҳһ˲ϢýӴӼ˵ķŭоѹηʱһΣ
٣һΪҪһ͵¥أƺʥʱһ
˵ЦˣֻǾ÷ϵѪմȾЩ豭գ½ʽľߡߣһԸһΣ
ڴͬʱҶĿȴתһ𾪵¥¥ŷ࣬ʱͿһ£


1049 ˮlŵ
ҶЦĿ⣬¥¥ŷͻȻһľĸо
˶һλô¥λ
Ȼڴ֮ǰŷǲŻᷢˣǣҶóӥƷȴ֤һС
ʵڱ¥ļλߣǿˡ
ŷƾĵǣҶ澹ȻֻǿЦЦٲһ
ǱտڲԵģŷֱһ˿Ҷͣ׷һնɱ¥ļλ뷨
ǰ˵ģֱǷᣡ
ɱúãҳĵº֣һΣҲΪ٣ҲûñʥҪȻãܣƺʥʱķ쭣ٴνԼһߡ
һΣGɷ죬ҶĿ֮࣬¶һ˿衣
˵ľȻֻпкڻ۷ΪÿﶼһΪǿıʥΪ
ƾЩܹǿ࿹⡣
Ҷȴ˵նɱ˷ڣ¾ͺֵǾˣԺ󣬵öλ򺣴ʥˡ
ڴ֮Уλ򺣴ʥҪ⣬Ҫ־裡
ɫһڣ˵ʲôʱˮlٴοˣλϷϲԣɲϲﶷ죡
ˮlһڣˣֻ̣ܽҲ⡣
˲ˮlӣȴۼ֤ˮlĿֲ
ԣʱҲò
Ƥ޽һ˼ǣһ˼֮ûлתˮlߣһʧȥʸ۴ˮlͻһ
ǣһͷĳƤңңӦ֮ǰ⻪ͻһһƴСʰɫĹͭʱ͸С
ָᵯ

ƵشڴڳƤĿ£һۿɼ֮ɢɲǼ˺档
뺣ƺûκεı仯·ԺûκӰһ㣬ǣҶȴһ䡣
ΪӦ֮УɢϢȻǻƷϢ
µһλֳֵͣĶƷˮlĵ̵ж
Ƴ˶ʮϢʱɢȥ
ţڶ½
ʱһҽУڳҶ֮С
Բ쿴֮£Ҷͳһ
СèСèˡ
ҶСèĶݽСèһĪ˵ģᣬѾٵĶԶ
ҶԾѣСèˮlܱǧڻʳȴ֮С
ӵԵǺϿȵķֻЩನɢգЩನȴСèˡ
֮࣬ҶЩ֣֮ǿˮlʱӣǺЩδߣ
ʮʱ򣬴߿ʼ½ĴӺϳˮl
ҶֵǣЩߣȥ˿Ӱ졣
ҶףˮlܼҳƤӵĿƣѾﵽ˳뻯ĳ̶ȡ
ˮlʵɲ⡣
һ˼ǣõھʮǵʱˮl͵¥ǰѾۼߣӺϿȻعߣѾ
̤ŵһ߼عˮlʱ򣬽ɨһۣҶľͿһ¡
ķ֮һȻ˽ӽķ֮һߡ
ǰǰϿȵߣһǧˣһɨҲһǧ˳ͷ
̶죬ںϿ֮оǧ
Щߣɶ˷ľӢ߰
Ҳڴʱ¥¥ŷɫŲԶһ¥ǣɵ۰Ͱ͵ĿԶĺ棬ֱ
֮⣬¥һʮߣڣܹվģֻˣ
˰Ȼһ룡
ңһģȫǸҵľӢеϵӵܣȻһһ룬ŷҲЩԽܣ
ǻ棬¥ƼҵĻ棬ʱȻҲûг֡
¥ƼڵλݣԼܹŵǰ壬ǣƼǰģһЩѾʼ޵ϼһ棬ǻƼȨԻƼҶԷǳҪ
ڣȴƤӵʧˡ
ȥ֮Ƽҽ
ֱѪǣҸˣһʮˣƫƫŷһδսƼսˣʱֻʣߣּңʱֻʣһˡ
ּΪصĺ׾ˡ
֪Ƕ׾Ϊ簮ģһΪ˾׾Ͷ¥еıһΣǽ¥ײʾ˵ߴ͸׾֡
û뵽׾ʱҲˡ
ŷѾʼ񣬵ת¥ʱҪʲôĿˮ硣
Ϊҵ˿ˣŷҵȴһδʧ
֪Ҫ˷Ѷٿˮܽ顣
ʵҶԼҲû뵽ɱ¥ߣȻɱЧ
Ҷ棡
һҶ棡
¥һǿãҲп˴Ⱥޣ߸;¶ˡ
ƺʥ̸ЦҶ棬¥¥ŷ˫Уֱ
ּҽҲĶҶ棬ֻɫЩȻ
ּˣһҴ棬δ飬֪ȥ֮ôڽ顣
еѡԸԼҲںϿУĴһ㣡
棬λŶҩ֣Ϊ˲λͬ˼һмôλˮlʾ£Ƥʼһκײɼҩһ
ô
һ⻰±ߵʱֹͣӵŶӣ۰Ͱ͵ĿеĳƤ
һҩһǧ֮ڵģ͵Ľ֮󣬾ĿһŻݰɣ
һһЩԭĳĥߣʱԥˡ
⺣ϿȲɵҩ½ϾҩȻˮlļ۸Ҳû½ϣܻøҩ
ǣһŻԥˡ
ÿһλˮlߣֶأɹϧҩع顣
ɵۿ۲٣Ǽܲסɽ󰡣ǽʡİ龧ҲǺܿɹ۵ġ
ҩһ֮ڵģ͵Ľ֮󣬾ĿһŻһɣ
һ㣬һֻ̫Żݷȸѡ
ôǣ˵ļλ֮⣬ֻлǰʮĿˣſԲĴؿƤͨ
ҶüͷһǰʮʸĴؿôҶҪɱǰʮġ
ʱҶҲˮlųôôʵ⡣
եɣ
ʵΪեڳϵҩЩ߳ڼֵǶҩ¡
˵ףΪ˻øҩ
ҶƣΪ˻øĻ֣ܻóԼҩ
λĵôǣҩǰߣʸһĻԵ
ĻԵʲôڻ˵
ֻ˵ĻԵǿ߶󣡡
һ·߷ˣ͵¥ϵļλ벽ߣ͵ֱ壬һĿˮl


1050 ǰ֮
ιʺ˱ˣҪ˵ԵϷǻȥƤҪҲҪȥǺϿȲɼҩƴǰ
ųƤĻأGЩıԹ
ɷ졢ӡŷˣȻG㲻ҪƤֱӱԹ¡
ֱĿˮlĿ⣬ײ
Ƥ˵ǿ߶Եôܹ⣿
λãϷǰС֮ˣ
ȻϷǰλ۵ôʱ򣬾ٲλĺôȻǻԵܻܲúô͵ÿλˣˮl˵
ǵǵܵһǿϲЦտ
򺣴ʥݵ͵¥ϵҶ棬ȴЩɻ󣬵׻ʲôԵ
ǿ߶
һҩֵľ͸ӵļˣܽڳϵҩեˡ
һɲǣҶɨһ͵¥ǰĹ㳡ͿЦ
ǿ£ܹϵҩեɣںϿȲɵģǲںϿȲɵģֻҪл֣¶Ͻ
ʱ·ߣѾʼչڳߵҩ
ҩǰһǧǰһٵĺôһ㣬̫ۺ졣
ҩǰʮǰĺôʵ̫ˡ
ǰʮĴؿľʸǰԵһڳΪ֮Ѫƴ
ʱ㳡ǰ֮УѾӿֳϰλߣʼչҩ
Щͬڼ塢ͬһ߽ɼҩеһ˵Уǳ顣
Ĺ򣬺ҩԿʼԵ
ˮlµļ۸һ㺣ҩֿԶһһٿƷ龧ȺеչʼһҩֶһһƷ龧
ȻٵһһһʮƷ龧ȻⲻʮϢʱ䣬һҩֶһһʮƷ龧
˰
ֱӱʮƷ龧൱ڱǧƷ龧
һֵʮֵҩһ㣬Ϳٶ׬Ʒ龧
ֱǼ龧ٻҪÿ죡
һۣ˵ͽԼժҩóˡ
±ңˮlҲ˵ֻЦĿ
ȻԤϵһĻһλĵ˵ռϲҪġ
ڴӱ˵ﻨ龧Ǳ˵顣
˭ʲ޼أ
ѪƴҲ˭ʸܹμӵġ
ܿģ󲿷ֽмչ߶̭֡
Ͼɽ̫ˣȻеݣҲҲǧƷ龧ļһҪһǧƷ龧һҩҪʮƷ龧ܹն٣
ûã㳡ϵְΪûչˣ߻ٶߣڲΧչǼȦӡ
չģֻˣˣʱ龧Ѿˣתʼ
ȻǼˣ
˰¥˵ա
Ϊʲôμӵԭܼ򵥣Ե
һ߶ԣûеֿĶǻԵˣ
߶ҪԴǾҵҲҪμӣ
ֻҪ˵ǵΪܹһ֮
һǰأֲһ
ԣλֱƴչ
ָҩǰģɲˣľҪһҸǼҵĴˮٹ俺һĺߡ
˵Ϊһǿغڣǿ۷壬ڴʲôԵһ̤ء
˵Եܹ벽Ҳĺ¡
ʱˮl׿ŵԵǰôܹѪƴ
ѪƴʱֻӴ龧١
ǼҴֱӴ˰ߵǸǸȡ龧
ȻַֻȽϺõ˺ˡ
ЩǼﶼ֪ߣȻǲӦġ
˵ˮ̫õˣѹûҪģ
һֹͣչҩģˮٹ俺ˮͷ̫ã龧ּܵ۵ıѾȫֳȥˣʱֻĿչ
俺ֹͣչһЦٹû龧ˣǾͳˣǰ֮λѡһ
ǻչҲѹң俺Ц
٣Ϳչɣ
俺ԣ㻹ܹչҲչΪˣͣĵŸƷļֵһЩ߳ûѹ۵ģҲֻʹˡ
֮£ĺҲЩ񣬽콫ŵ֮һļҵ׸óˡ
һҲ֣һĺ߻һ˿ĻԵܹΪ벽ôõ棬ɱ
ңĿǰѣѡʤĻʻģ
ͬģҲƴչҶ滹֣һΡ
ĵܣһ㶼׼ˣҶûκζƺʥЩסˡ
ĵܣ㲻ֻ뾺ǴؿǸԵ㲻ԣ
˭˵ҲԣԵ޶ԣҶ˵
ƺʥɫһͣĵܣôȥչҩӻ֣ѵ龧԰ңһҲǲ
磬˵ѹҪչҩܹɱǰŲţҶͻЦ
ƺʥһ㣬ùĿһҶ֮ſЦǰȻǲŵġ
ڼʶµһ׮׮¼֮Ҿûŵĺã
㲻֪Դḻ˺Ҿװ״ʧװ״ʧ˰е˺Ų
Һţ
ƺʥĺڣֱԸˣ
ǰƽŷҶܻŻģ˲ҽӣ¶ֻɱƺʥһ
ƺʥԥһ£ûҽӣ
Ҫ˺ļֵ̫ˣƺʥòأ
ҶҲЩ㡣
Ҳû뵽Ҷں׾Ȼ
һУƺʥֱŻѪ״
ȻһУƺʥҶ꽻ģˣġ
ҲĹѾʼ
ˮlһҩū㣬ֵٶȷǳ졣
ܿģ˵ҩ־Ѿϡ
չҩչ׵˵ҩ֣Ҳ˳
Ļ˴κҩֵǰӦ֮г֡
ʱ˾ѾΧܱˡ
Ĳʱϵı仯Ͼʹ֮Ļ仯
һҩϵʱ򣬸ǼҴֲ֧ĴЦŵľҪˮٹ俺ˡ
ʮķ֮ʮķ֮ʤܹܣϣϣ
ɫڴʱѾѿ˼㣬ʮķ֮ģûлȡԵĻᡣ
̾ǣΪ˰װ׿ȥһǧƷ龧չ˽ǧҩ֮ľ
۵඼ʼˣ
ܹܣѳ칫ɣ俺ЩȲ˵
Ƥȴǵһ䣬δҩ֣
δ㣿俺һʱɨΧĸʣҿ֣˱ӵĺ£СĹȣ


1051 һ
ĸʣҿ֣˱ӵĺ£СĹȣ俺ͷһɭȻ絶Ŀɨ˷
ǼȣҲﲻ֣ܶҪֵܶĻ俺ʮа˾Ҫǻû֮һˡ
ڳ߶ǱˣһĿ˳ˮlܼƤĿ⿴˹ȥ
ڴͬʱҶҲ·ͥŲһ͵¥Ų
ٹô磬ҶĳǺ֪˫ôоͱ˹ˣҶһĲˬ
ǰ˶࣬һֱţҪˣû뵽˻ûȴȱ俺ˡ
򺣴ʥҶ棬俺ͫһĿ¥¥ŷһɨЦ
һ֮ˣҲﴵȰ⹦򣬻һᾺĴ֮󣬸ôɣ
俺һĳȻ϶Ҷ汻¥֮ǣ͵֮󣬾Ҷˡ
һֳնرЩ죬˿俺ĿⶼЩ죬ǰָ㲻ѡ
ǼҴ俺Ŀ⣬ڿɵðһ㡣
ڳߣ˭򺣴ʥҶͬʱ¥ˣѾˡ
ȴûԸ⵱˵
Ͼ˼ҶҪˣҲûҪ֮ǰɣ
飬ˡ
Ȼ֪ˮЩˣҲͲˣˮˣԵֱڳߣܰܰѾϰˡ
ǣҶȴϰߡ
£ҶоһɷҵģٹҪҩǰЩˣ
ɱҩǰˮl˵Ե俺ڱصõģԣһҶô˵ЩϾˡ
ףƾһչ㣬ʲôұƴҩ֣俺һĲмġ
ôƴҩ֣ٹžǣ
ҶһƤǰʵʳ´ܹܣλٹҩһٷ֣
ʥٹɼջõҩܺͣһǧŰٰʮ߷֣Ƥ۶˭ôһ費ģ
ǧŰٰʮ߷֣Ҷ浭ȻɹЦ
俺üͷһ࣬ôĿͶ˺üǧƷ龧Щ֣б£óڰڣⴵ˭ᰡ
ҶҲֻǽ˳»֮С
飡
һСɽҩͶѻǰϡ
ʥ㣬ҩţƤæֽסԷЩҩˡ
ͷ´ܼ㣡Ҷ湰ֵ
ԣ俺ȴǲмƲƲ죬һҩĶ࣬ɴȫһ㡢ʮ㡢ʮֵҩǻ۲˶١
ʥɼҩĻܺͣһǧŰٰʮ˷֣ܼҳƤٶȷǳĿ졣
һ֣俺ˡ
һ֣
Ȼֻҩָһ֣
ǣֻһ֣Ҳܹ̭
㡭
Ǻǣʤ£Ҷ俺˹֣һǷģ
һԣǼҴȴЩֻЦҩָߴǧһʮ֣λӵڶ߳俺öࡣ
Ҷһʤвܿ俺˳Ա˵ġ
գǾ͸ˡ
õӵҩָߴǧ߰ٷ֣ңңȣ±ߵô֣Ҳֲͷϡ
һöˡ
˵ģȴҪּҵˡ
俺ʮķ֮һ߳ǰҶȴһ֮俺߳ǰǽи
Ȼһ֮俺߳ǰˣҶĻǾ͸ˡ
λҩѾͳϣλûĻҪϱ˼ˣܼҳƤڵ
ȵȣɫ̵ˮٹ俺ֹ
ٹǣƤʵ
һмҩûóóɣ俺˵
ƤЦ۾ˣ̶ֳܵȲܹóҩΪϡҩֻҪóʲôʱ򶼲
֦һ
óҩʱ俺Щ飬ʵչҩѾȫóˣҩ빬֮ʱϹ⽻ռϹҪõҩ
⻹·һϢʱ߼ģ׼ظ׸Ϲҩ
ԣȱ龧ȱָĵرͬڵˮlһˮҲࡣ
俺ǻᱻƵû취ֻóˡ
ֻҪһεĻԵ˼ңӦòģ俺뵽
֦Ʒ𣬿ɻһʮ֣Ƥϴٹҩֽߵǧһʮ߷֣
˵ţƤֽĿ⿴Ҷ棬˼ײҶ滹ûҪӵģûӵģɾҪˡ
ǺǣɣҶĳҲмҩδó
һӣҶͳ˾ҩ
֮򺣴ʥĻֽߵǧһʮ˷֣
һ֣
Ҷҩַ֣ǳɵı俺߳һ֡
£ɵӣѾҶϷŪ俺ˣҪȻҩֶٲһôɵÿζ߳һأ
俺Ѿ̵Ĳˡ
һ俺һҧĳһϡҩ
˿һȦɻʮ֣ٹֽǧİ֣ܼҳƤ˷ŵ͵¥ϣˮlȴЦ
û뵽ٵĩβˣֱƳ˼ö
Ҷ滹֮ǰһּ˼ҩ
򺣴ʥĻֽߵǧİ֣
һֵĲ࣡
Ѿ̵÷ڵ俺ٴĳһҩ
ݾһ飬ɻٷ֣ٹĻֽǧ֣߰
Ҷνĳҩ
򺣴ʥǧ֣߰
֣俺ڵֱѪҶȴЦٹвУһֵĲ඼Խˣ㲻еĻ͸Ͻ㲻ӷһӷ
㡭
俺׵ܴ̼ˣ˼Ѫһŭһ͵һĳҩŭҾͲţ㻹ܳԽң
俺ںϱΪϹջҩҩеΪѰҩˡ
̽Ϣõ
֪Ϲ֪⼸ҩĳȥʲôŭ
ᣬ俺Ѿ˲ôˡ
ҩóģܼҳƤ۾ˡ
ҩһ˰ʮ֣һ˰ʮ֣ٹĻֽǧʮ֣
һҶӦֵĿҶ俺ĶĸǸסˡ
ѪƴѪƴȥƴ󣬾Ȼƴȥ
Ū
ĽֱϹۣ
ǹ
øֱǣûдˣϷǷҪҩȫȥˣ궼ʣ
ǧʮ֣㵹ǳԽ㵹ǳԽ俺ҲҶ
俺һȴ˸øЩŵĿҶ档
ֻҪҶòҩôνһλǰ֮ڣܹԵ
Ҷ΢΢һƲ˰ٻֶѣһϾͶһģһҩ
ҩɲǣȳƤ㣬俺۾һɣһĴͣ
󣬸ǼҴҲɵˡ


1052 
ɹöÿöٻ֣һ˰ٻ֣ܼҳƤٴγһŵһΣƤƤӻ̲ס˼¡
һ֣
ҶĻ֣Ȼֱˮٹ俺߳һ֣
һĴΣҶÿεĻֶܱ俺߳һ֣ɲģųҩܹɵ
ЩʧʧЩԩ
TMôһ°Ҷ俺˶ȥ󣬾Ȼǰˡ
޶ᰡ
նҶĴֱʣҲЩ죬ĻңңȣֻЩ֣֮ͬȴġ
俺ĶöɹһſѾڵòٺˣ۽ֱųѪˡ
ÿζһ֮ԽĻ֣һĴΣ
俺ֱžžžĴѿ
俺ԣµص㣬Ѿǰλãˡ
ҶĴεϷŪ俺ԣֱܴ衣
ܺãܺã
俺ҧ촽Ҷ£Ӽˣ㡭
㻹ˣǸ
ΪҸȥǸأ
ϧԼҪ俺˵꣬Ҷȷˡ
һʲôĹۣҿˣ
ЦУҶĹ⻪һͽһҩĵ俺ǰ
ţ⻪һһһһһһҩ俺ǰ
ˮlܼҳƤҲ˶ʱְ֪ҵʹȻǹģҶÿһҩ˳ڵıһҶܻ֣
ǧ߰ʮ֣
򺣴ʥۻǧŰپʮ֣
򺣴ʥۻǧٷ֣
򺣴ʥۻǧİٷ֣

򺣴ʥۻǧٷ֣ҶÿһҩƤͱһλ֣˵ʹһ֣俺ɫѿһ֣
ӻְֱڴұǰĴÿһεĴҶһĳĵҩֱǽ俺žžž졣
ֱӴ׵֣
һ俺ǰųǾݻֱͳСǼĵͣ
㿴˼Ҷ涼ӣ㻹Ҫźݻ£ıˣžž죿
ȫԼİ
俺ģǰΧ۵֮Уʮа˾Ŷôġ
뷨ֱȴҪֲҪŭѾڴˣָƷˣ
ڸѾû˵ˣÿڷķҶ֣ѾܳԽ˵ģ
Ĵ󲿷ˣҶڳĴֱʸˣֱﰡ
ҩǴܲ
Ҷĵ
𾪵ˣҪˣĿĻֵһߣҶߡ
ҶĻָոճʱó׼Լŵϡҩƴһƴ
ǺһҶļƣʹͷ
ҶķǽԼŵǼѹ׵ҩȫóҲƴҶţ
ҶĻǧ֣մʱ𾪣𾪣
ںռҩʱȻ࣬ȹһβժջ񣬾߼ʱջ
ңùԼĻչ˴ҩȷΣΪ˻Ԯ
ҶأȥʲôҲûɰɵ˵һ
ʵǲ֪ǣҶҩʮλҩۺϡ
Ҷһնɱ¥ˣ˾һλ˵Ҷջ񶼲١
뿪֮ʱҶնɱλ׼Ŀߡ
ϵջһ룬οҶ뺣ǧ̽ѹ׵ҩûóء
ԣҶճǧֵҩ֣
˵ǧ֣ҶԸ⣬ٴճ˾ǧ֣Ҳûпܡ
ڿ̨ϵļλǿߣҲˣ̬ģû̬ġ
ƺʥƺѾϰˡ
λĵܣҪûо֮٣ǲŹˡ
Щֻ˵뷨ѣҶ滹һ߳俺Цһһһҩ
ܼҳƤﱨŻ֡
ƺʥۻǧ߰ٷ֣
ƺʥۻһٷ֡
Ƥ˳ڣڲͣҩҶ涯ͻһͣȻͳųƤ¶һ˼Цݡ
´ܹܣĴһٻֵɺϲΣô˰ջأջذ
˵ţҶͽոĵɺϲθ˻·Żشָʱǰ⻪һһҩˮlͻسҶǰסҶ֡
ܣջأˮlΪС
ܣ
Ҷ鶸һ䣬ʲô˼֮ǰ˵ɼҩǷóȫƾԸѵ˵㻰
һܱɫһ䣬ܼҳƤɫһ߳
ˮl˳ƤæϷ˵̫ˣ
򺣴ʥɺϲϷѰõһζҩºδҵϣ򺣴ʥܹ
ɺϲεҩ֣˫㣡ˮlæŵ
ҶԻȴҡͷȱ龧ȱ𣿡
⡭
ˮlһҶģԲȱ龧ģҲ˵ģ۵ľǧ龧֣Ҳһʾ޸ôȱ龧ġ
ҩ֣ҶʱѾǵһˣҳһ϶࣬ȻҲǲҪˡ
֮⣬ǲͬˡ
˵㣬ˮl΢΢һֵ֮Ϸˣ
ȻˣϷϣСܹɺθϷٽɼɺεĴԼ뷽λϷ򣬾͵ϷǷСһ飬Σ
һʱ󻩣
Щͨߣ͵¥ϵĽӡŷࡢGˣ˲ϢҲǾˡ
ƺʥŴͣˮԾ
ˮl鰡
ζõĺô
ˮlһԾŶԸһӦʵ˵ж󣬾ж
ֺ£ɵӲŻܾ
ȻҶԲɵӡ
ԣҶʹĽɺνˮl
ҶС飬Ϸˣˮlƺˡ
ӹɺεɲǣˮlʱۣ˵ҩȱ淽ֱãֱǱﰡ
ʹУˮlæһ֮󣬲СĽɺս֮Уʩ˲ӡǷġ
ҶСѣϷķƣСʲôʱҪϷˣʱϷ򷢷Ѷִ߳ţϷԻᾡ
ǣֻһޣˮlһָ˵
ʱ̿ˮһƬ
ȻֻһΣ޼۰޼۵ģ
ҲָҶŲãҪȻƵ͵µĶ׷ɱҶߡ
ҲˮlϳɣⱣҶ£ŵ˽
ҪȻˮlȻ޼ۣ鷳Ҳ
лҶ湰˹֣ɺΣںϿǧжεĺɳ֮вժģժ֮ǰﱻɳȫ񣬲ΧĺɳЩ죬Ҫϸ۲źá
Ҷ˵ˮlЩмĳҶ湰˹֣ԺҪժɺΣ˴µķΧǰһͷӬһѰҡ
ңɳһǳҪ
л֮ˮlתͻأոˮlͻعһԾĴҶ
ҶСѣ˵ǱǧˮlʱŷӦ
ǿɣ
ûзڤûзڤټˮlʵ
⡭Ҷԥˣ


1053 ׷
ûзڤûзڤټˮlЩڴ
⡭Ҷԥˣ
Ҷԥԥġ⡯ֳڣˮl۾ʱ͵˸Բ
ʵˮlͷҶ仰ֻǱ̽ҽ̬ѡ
Ҷܷܲڤټֻ̫ǾҶȻܹܺǱ뵽ϿǧҵȣҲͻأ
ǣҶԥı飬ȴ˾һˮlʶҶз֡
һɲǣˮlͷ·СѸһ㣬˫ð⣬͵ǰסҶ֡
ҶСѣķڤģֻҪиµķΧͿԣϷϷлл
ˮlǴűþӨһգҶʱһļƤ
һţ뻹˽ֱǡ
Ҷ·һķˮl˫֣ˮlһʱûӦʶҪ׷ȥҶæȡ
㻹벻֪ڤˣ
ֱˮlѨһͲˣһڴüִֺõҶ棬֮ǰķ緶
ȷʵڤ
Ҷ潫˵꣬ˮlʱͼˣʲôôˣһ׷ʣһʶǰץסҶ֣ŵҶæˡ
ѾҸժˣ
ʲô
ˮlʹţһ޷ܵģЩĿҶ档
ִôһɲǣˮlһֲ˼Ŀ⿴Ҷ׷ʵڤ֮Բʮ֮ˮҺͨĿ߶ܻᱻֱӶС
ôɵģ
޵ǻϵ˵ţһƵʹҶָԾ
һƵɲǣˮl۾һҶĿӵľȡ
ƷĻ棡
д˻滤ȷʵܹõڤ
ڤأó
ޣ㿪ۣ㿪ҪϷôܹڤϷ򣿡ųҩյˮlѾЩ״ˡ
Χ۵ڶߣѾ׵ˡ
ֱŷ֣ƺˮlڼĵҩǰѹһ׵Ĵ򰡣
Ƿʵ͵֡
˲˵Ǹڰ֪ˮlһͷͷǻȥƤҪҲҪƾһǱˮlڤ
ˮlǰģҶܹõĺôɲֹһġ
Ǹڣͱˡ
ˣĽĽ
ˮlģҪʲôĵҩûа
ˮlܼҳƤЩˣԼҵģʮķģҪȥһ¾İĺˡ
ĿһƤǰ˵ϣ²罻̸򺣴ʥǲܾġ
Щˮlϵ֮£϶ǳƤ֣Ϊˮlʵڲ̫ʺ⡣
ΪƤŻ󵨿ڡ
ϣˮlȴǷ䲻á
㲻£ֻбܰóɣ
һ仰ͺȳôܼҳƤЩѿʵʵˡ
ҶСѣڤֻҪ
˵һ룬ˮlĿͻ˷һɨȻȻ̸ĵطߣϷСȥϷˮlоٺ̸
˵꣬ˮlٴǰȥץҶ֣һΣҶ滹Ǳܰĺ˶
ǣˮlٶ̫ˣҶ滹ûˣҶ͸оһ˾Ƽһɿնȥ
λͬϷ͵¥ڹӭλƤһӦ齻֣
УˮlֱӴҶӰԽնȥңңĴôһ仰
˷ߣҶʧıӰǼֱǸĽʺޣ޲ȡ֮
ˮlоӰˮlһδ˽ˮlоӡ
˵˵ǰһٻֵɺϲΣҶ滻ˮlһݴ顣
һһǧֵڤҶ滻ʲô
ȻڤĻֲûɺϲεǣ˶ףϡ̶ڤɺϲεʮ
Ͼ£ܹúųҩյˮlΪһһǧֵҩˮlżҩĿǰͽһݣ
֪Ž⣬˵˵ʲô飬ôһ¯ҩҾںתư꣬ҲΪڤƺʥЩᡣ
Ȼˮǣˮl飬ֻҪɵӣɶԸ
ߣ˵ɣˮl·ĺϿȣϷĺû֮һ
˵ϰٵۣҲڵĶһݣϷλ۵ĺҲʮѣ
֮ʢ֮Ǻҳڶ˰ɣ
ϣгҩʮֻ֣⺣ϿڷֲҪǰժҩǳڤ֮⣬ҩȫĿڴG˵
ȥģ㲻ҪĶһƺ𣿡˵˲ƺʥЩˬ
ˣ˵㲻᲻ֻѰڤ֣أ
Gһʹȥ˵ı鶼ЩΡ
㻹˵G˵ˣҲֻˮlַܽ˲ɼҩһ򾡡
룬ˮlÿһǾİŵġ
ĻԵ
եڳϵһҩ
ңһʼͲǼλǿ뺣ҲǷǳǵġ
ΪλѾȱ龧ˣҪǲժϡеҩûһó
۵ʱˮlܼҳƤѾʼˡ
ȣȻǰѡ
ǰѡʱѾûκ飬һȻҶɣڶգȴɫˮٹ俺ˡ
ƴôȴ˴ˣ俺Ź֡
ƵȴҪǼҴ¥߳ˣͶô࣬ȫˮƯ
չҩʱۣȫǾ
Ĺ
ԲμӾĴؿǰʮܾܼһŻݵǰܾܼ۰Żݵǰһǧһʱ䣡
󣬾һ͵ĵҩר
ҪǹЩûнҩǰһǧǹǲڰһˡ
ò˵ˮl»Ǻܺġ
ṩĵҩȫˮlĵƵĵҩˮlĵƵĵҩҲΪġ
ΪҪǣ½ϺֻܳĵҩҲǳ˹ӦҪ٣ж٣ֻҪ龧߻㹻
ҶҲǳʣгۻԵôһ㣬ֻ龧١
ЩҩֻҪ½͵󲻿ܣ׬ĳɣûκġ
ֹȳ˰ʱ˵ĹͷԼʱҲ֪˭һ쿴ˣ
Զ˲Ϣתۼ䵽͵¥֮ϡ
ˮlһ⣬Ҷ棬һЦ⡣
ʱ˵ĿⶼҶ棬֪Ҷ浽״ˮlõʲôô


1054 ô
ˮlЦݣٿҶЦ⣬ˣֻҪɵܿ϶һ£ɽˣ
֮䣬϶ɽˡ
ˮlõڤҶõ˴ô
ôʲôļˣ޲óȥҶʳһ֮ġ
Ҳѡ
ĵܣ˵˵ʲôôŽڤʲƺʥʲ
һҶ£ƺʥʱ͸Ҷ괫
ӦƺʥҶ֮겨ӡ졢GŷżΡ
ǽŷˡ
ԭҶˮlõκκô޹ء
ңǵͿƽˣѹںҶܹõٺô
ǣҪԸҶ氡
¥¥ŷ໹˵ҪʰҶ棬Դӳ顣
ӲһҶ֮䣬֮УҶһС
֮У˭ĺУɵԷӶԷϻһĺС
Ϊһ죬Ѿˣȵ̫ˡ
ߣѾʧλˣѾ˾Ŵ֮е֮һˡ
Խδصʧ
˵صʧʧһ붼ûй
ΪҪǣĿǰ֪ǣˣҶɵģ˵չ˷ڵӥƷ
ǳڴ
˵žž죬ң˵Ĵ
Ŵ̫ˣκһ޷׵̽Ŵ
ܹ֮ӰɢŴκһˣ˱ƿ֮⣬ģ塣
ƾǿʵڴ֮ǰһ죬ҪǸΥ˵Ҫԣ˾ͻѸײڶ֮ƽ䳹Ĩɱ
ֶ֮£˲ſԽӰ鲼ÿһ䡣
ǣ˽նɱλ˵ľ֮ڡ
ڣǽӵĴˡ
ȴҶնɱˡ
Ƕϵơ
ҪǲӦԣò˶ãά˼Ӱͻһɢ
ӰĽ˰˵ŬѪŽģһɢҪ½ɾͷǳˡ
Ҫǣǽ˵Ƶ£˿ܻΣ
ԣΣⳡ͵֮󣬽ӱضԸҶ档
ĵ֡
ҶһʥⱾͷǳԶԸˡ
ˮlҲΪվҶǶ˶ԣجˡ
ԣӲ˼е֪Ҷˮl֮䣬״˺ֽף
ϧǣټҶҲǲġ
ƺʥҲûеõĴ𰸡
ƺʥ׷£Ҷڸƺʥһش
磬ȷʵ˽ףǾĿǰԣûκջ񣡡Ҷ˵
ƺʥЩ⣬ʲô˼ûκջûκκôͷ۸ˣҪǸ۸㣬͸ֱ˵ȥۣ
ǣ磬˵û˸ҺôĿǰûҪʲôôҶ͵
ţ
ƺʥһ£漴Щɵۣĵܣ˵ֻҪӦ
ĸ磬̸˺ܶ࣬ɲЩкĺ
һģ㡢д硢ˣÿٿԳһΣҶ˵
ģƺʥ⾪ϲҵЩ𾪡
ǧȷ
ĵܣǹȻûп㣬ȺôȻŸǣãֵܣ
֮£ƺʥһ仰Ǻģ괫˵ģʱڳǷ׷ײĿ
ڳߣ˾ƾƺʥһ仰ʹԼµʲô¡
Ҷʥеȡ˺ô
ܹƺʥ˵εĺô£Ҳ࣡
𰸣µЩθֱ飬Ľʺޣ
³ϣȥ֮ȫı̵̬ȣܵжԣҪǿ
ֻҪҶڣ̾͵ˣ̨ˮl̸ЦҶ棬󷢳Եĸ̾
£ϷҲۿ˵ʵҪϷۿǹ˵ϷϷҲġ
빬ģصĸ쵰ɹľϷȥ̸ģ̫϶³ҧгݵģ֪Բȥ̸ˡ
ȡѵ͵¥ϣӿŵޱȵƺʥȴǺ޵ˮlΪܵҶ棬Ǽɵޱȣüͷ塣
˵ģƾҶˮlܹϵҲ׼ˣ
һĿ⿴¥¥ŷ࣬ŷĿ⣬Ҳǡڴʱ˹
ϼ޵ļһĿ֮䣬⡭
ﶺûãˮlĿʾ⣬ܼҳƤУʸ͵¥ھľĴߣ½롣
龰ֱɷЩûʸ͵¥ߡ
Ҫ֪͵ĵҩɲ츳Ѫؿ˵ھĿ¼ϵĵҩн֣һĵҩˮlƵġ
ˮlƵĵҩҩЧϻǿɣȶҲӵϡ١
ң͵ɲǵҩЩ߼ĵĸϡĵرָĹؼ
ЩߴؾŸзĸָ޷ϵƷмȵȡ
ÿ죬ֻ
½һ֮һʢᣡ
ϧǣûǸʸˣ
ֻһͷ۰Ͱ͵뿪
λ͵ᣬһ֮һþʸ߽͵¥ڣܼҳƤ


1055 ϸ赤
͵¥Ҷ½ϳľĳвͬ¥ΪԲΡ
Ϊ͵Ϊ͵ԣ̨Ȼһ¥ײ㡣
¥¥¥Ǿߣ£ԾߵĿȫλǵĹ۲쵽һ¥ײֵıΪ
˽½Щ⾭Ӫе̼ңЩ硣
ЩרžӪе̼ңԿ˵˽ԱļãĿ˶мݵĵ䰲ãһе뿪ͨ
͵¥ҵĴҲ࣬ÿҲһӶѡ
ݵĸߵͣҪ¥Ĳͬ
ߡڵļߣˡɷǼҡˮ¥⼸ҵߣΪߵܸͣ߾ӵĲ㡣
Ǹڼ棬棬۵˭Ҫ
ĺߡˣƽ½磬ҲֻܹԹԵĴڵ㡣
ȻĲĻòȥԺһ㣬٣һ㣬ǿʽġ
ϿˮlһУưžЩǷȱ
ҶȴãⰲţҲνļ򵥸ӱġ
֮רע˽ԣΪǿӭͣעؿ˵飬ĺ͡
ˮlһˮlĵҩͷѹȱһֻ˶࣬û
ңؼǣˮlģ壬λʳ˵һڡ
һڣԶܲסڵʱľãٶЩĦЩìܡ
߾ʱɻʲô
Ƕ
зϲľķʽʲô
Ƕģ
һĳҿʼģôһʯͷҲܹĳ
ˮl͵¥ֿʽĲãǴھʱĻʡ
һЩԩҶͷϲյĶͷԱ񡢳ԿǱӡ
ʱͬڵĲˮٹ俺żҶĿ⣬Ҷһֱ߶һĸо
ǳͬʱҶãҪҶ濴ʲôһ϶Ҷڿӵҡ
ĵܣһῴʲôʱҪĽĹͼĿʼǰƺʥⶣҶһ
ģ
ò˵ˮlڹܼҳƤֱǸȫܵ˲ţˮlһҲȫɳƤܣǰҩɳƤܣľҲɳƤܲ˵ʦҲɳƤΡ
ڿʼ֮ǰƤ˼ĵעҪ󣬸еľͬС졣
Ǿһ˭м֮ȴû֧˼壬ʮڲ̤ˮl
˵ʵһأҶ滹ϲģ仰ˮlԽġ
ֻҪƾʵģҶ滹ǲµġ
һĵҩɵƵת¯תĺôĸλ֪ɡ
תʥҩֻҪûȫ顢ֻҪûȫ飬ֻҪһתͿԻָ
ڻָʱ䣬Ϊͬͬߣڷת֮ʱ֮ڣƾͿԻָ˳ɡ
ɵƵתƷҩںϵ£ߵĵûκӰ죬ңʵ⣬ƻָٶȱͨתӵĿ졣
ͬΪĿߣɵ˼ƵתƵĻָʱСʱ֮ڡ
ңڷõҩһ֮ڣҩпƾͿԿٵĻָϣҩЧ֮ϵתҪǿɣ
ҩһ¯Σÿγɵڰһװʮƿÿƿʮ
һƿתļƷ龧ÿμӼۣһǧƷ龧
±ߣĿʼ
ϵģм۵ûԤ˷͵¥ڣھ˴ԼϢ֮󣬲űһƬӼ۵
һǧƷ龧
ǧ
ҳǧƷ龧
Ʒ龧

һĹתļ۸񣬾ͷ˽գһƿת߿Ʒ龧ļ۸ɽ
ҪǰƷ龧㣬ɸߴƷ龧ˣһǿɾʮƷ龧ˡ
һʦ͵ת۸Ҫһֵ
ڷõҩһ֮ڣƾͿԿٸԭϣκһ߶ԣֱǶһ
ɵʵ㹻л߻طһˡ
οʱƾͿԻָ˳ɣĵģɵӡ
Ȼ۸Ҳ
ҩм޼ۡ
գҶҲƿÿƿĳɽҲƷ龧ң⻹Ҷֵ硣
ƿתÿһƿĳƷ龧ۣòֺ
ˮlƵĵҩҲǲ
࣬һʱ֮ڣ߶֫ЩอҲ³
ÿһƿÿƿ׼Ʒ龧
գҶҲ԰Ʒ龧ļ۸һƿ
ר涾컪ܹڸζľζܹɢ޵ľѪ֮ѪܹȵĵҩҶҲûã˵˵ʲôʱõء
ֵҩ˵ǵƷģͨʦƷģҶҲ򣬱Ͼ̫ټˡ
ˮlǳġ
ٵһҩҲһٿţˮl·ĺϿˮlϵҩɽйأԴ̫ԣ
ڵĲ߶ԣǰڳֵʮֵҩҲҶĵòֺĲĴ󲿷ߣǲֵҩġ
ת˳⣬ûˡ
Ƥóһʢװͨ͸Ĳʡɫ˸⻪ΧʩַӡĵҩʱЩȤĵĲߣ͵ֱ塣
ӡƺʥڣֱ塣
Ҷ۾ҲһǺķӡϣȻһҶδӡֻͨнʱŻᶯӡ
ĵܣⲻ֪жٿţһŰɣɱˣ½ϣˮl޷ƵģƺʥҶԺ
λǽĵһˮlĶŵƵĶŵҩΪϸ赤ǲϰϡҩƶɡ
˵ò࣬ΨһþǿڶʱߵΪ
һϸ赤ɵһĿ߿һӡϣԽߵֱһϣ
ǿ߷ãҲԽΪһء
ҩͣĵ߷ʱҪг˴ЭҪǷô˵Ʊ꣬ɹֲõ
ССĿһЦƤͻɫϸ赤ɵÿƿһô˵һοɷȫЧڶηֻܷӳһҩЧηãֻܷӳһɲҩЧ
Ѹλһ䣬˵һΪѣ
˵׼ʮƷ龧ÿμӼۣһǧƷ龧λۣ
һɲǣ˳صĺ˵Ŀⶢϸ赤޲֡
Ҷ˫УҲǾֱ


1056 ľ
˵ʵϸ赤֣Ҷ滹ǵһ
ˮlĶŵҩҲͲˡ
ǽ˳ƤĽܣҶʹ⣬һҪĵϸ赤ңҪĵţ
Ϊ̫ˣ
ǶҶԣ
ͨк߽һأĹͬ־ͬҪ굽ʮ겻ȡ
ͨߵɫⶼˣҶɫǼѡ
ǰҶΪ¼еԭ򣬿Խա
һַǳˣҪȻҶɫ⣬޷˶̵ʱسڵġ
ǣҪǼǿߵ⣬ĿɾͿֲˡ
ڵڻп۷ߵ⣬Ҳʮλˡ
˺⣬ŶѻɾҶĿǰɫΪ
ҶɫΪжѣɴ˿ɼ
ˮlϸ赤Խߵֱһϣէһƺò
ҶĿߵ⣬Ŀʮˣںôһŵҩ
һ
ȫһ
Ҷߵ⣬ʮ⣬ҶܹһɣͶˣһλߵ⣬ҲͶһϸ赤
ΣҶһ뷨ϸ赤ܹߵΪֱһϡ
ô˲̫һɫ⣬᲻Ҳأ
Ҷ治֪
ǣôһܣҶ涼Ҫһԡ
ǻĿ⣬Ҷ֪һһս
ģڵĲǣƺвս˼
ȻҲǣΪΪѣôһŵҩͿԽͳһλڵߣʡ½һӿʱ䡣
кʵĿڵߣƾôһŵҩͿΪֱͻƵڡ
ڣѾ϶ˡ
ҳʮһƷ龧һ۵ģȴλӵڶһλصߣ⶯ģʮа˾ţΪԸĵġ
ҳʮһǧ
ҳʮһǧ
±ߴ˷ıۣ¶һ˿ͷɫһмۡ
ڴʱһͻӼ۵͵˻ȥ
ҳʮƷ龧
ԭһӼ۵ʮƷ龧ϸ赤󣬵ҪǼӼ۵õƾ˵ͷԿԽܵļ۸һöǺɵġ
ȻУǵľģҲСˡ
ʮƷ龧ĽмۣȴǴļƻ
ϡǵãһγϸ赤ǰʮǰһΣ߼ҲǶʮһƷ龧
ˣӼۣҲ͵¥ڰ
λҪӼ۵أÿˡ
ʶһŤͷӵüͷĸˣӼ۵ˣȻҶ棡
ýӲˬǣҶ澹ȻһƵĿһбͼӼۡ
ϷʮһƷ龧
ʮ飡
ǽصɲǣҶļӼУżƣЩ˴˿Ϸ˼
Ҫ˶ģ浽ʲô̶ȣ
ȻЩ뷨ˣЩɡ
ܹ깦򣬳ǸҲǼ֮ˣ׸˶
Ϸ
Ӽۼһ룬ӿҶЩЩڴı飬ͻȻʹסˣ΢΢һЦʹ˻˻֣ʾӼˡ
ǵıȽ϶ࡣ
ٴμӼۣ˿иҶ涷Ŀˡ
һҶϣҪ;˳Ǿ͵ڱҶˣĿǰѩϼ˪һβСĴ
ٵãһȥʤˣ龧Ҳһʧ
ۺϿǣӺк˳һ־ˡ
Ӷ;ˣ˵ˡ
ԭ俺ҪӼ۵ģŽ˳ʱ飬ٿҶĲڻǳֵĻᣬҲסˡ
俺ţǣܹѡΪˮٹԲҾ
Ҷǰҩ֣ͽһ֣һƷ龧Ҷ˷£ʱҶ涷Ͳһõѡˡ
Ҷ˳õ˵һϸ赤
ܿģڶϸ赤ʼӼۡ
һΣҶ沢ûмżӼۣǾ˼Ӽۡ
һΣӳЩУƺʾһϸ赤־ڱصá
ֻҪκ˼ӼۣӾͻϼӼۣÿεļӼ۷ȶһƷ龧
£ֻҪҪϾ׽ӵ˼ˡ
Ϊˣҷ˼Ӽۡ
ܿģ۸ʮǧƷ龧ʱֹͣˡ
ʮǧƷ龧һΣųƤ⣬һöϸ赤Ҫˡ
ʮ򣡡
ʱ˵ٴ𣬲ÿӶóҶ棡
ӵüͷٴһ壬Ӽ۶ʮһƷ龧
Ϸʮ飡
ҳʮ飡
Ϸʮ飡
ҳʮ飡
ˮͷЩջ𡣡ϷʮƷ龧
ڽӼ꿴Ҷ棬ȴҶӼ۵ʱҶͻغٺһЦϲ㣬ϸ赤¾ڽˣ
Ҷ˵ãǿҶǼı飬֮ǰҶѾһϸ赤ʶǱҶ˰
ȻӲã
ǣϣȴ̫ÿ
潻֣Ȼֱӣ
£ϸ赤ģһ֮ǰһӼ֮ҶһڼӼ۵ʮƷ龧ʱͶž˴󲿷ֵļӼ
ʮһƷ龧һΣǸǼҴżһμۡ
ҳʮƷ龧GĿˡ
ΪҶԭȽϴԼһЩܹʵĵҩȻֵ¶ûгֵˡ
ҳʮ飡һ֮ǰһ㣬ҶٴμӼˡ
ӼһӼ۵ļ˶һ¡
ӡG俺Щԥˣǰӱһ£ᶼЩơ
룬ӻǿڼӼˡ
˶Щࡣ
ԭĸһҲ͹ˣǣ˵ı˽䣬Ҫµ䡣
ߣɲǴײˣҪеġ
ˣҲҪҩĸܽҵߵΪʮ֮أﵽξҪ
УΪߵӰܴ󣬵ǣϸ赤ټ˵طģ֮ͳϸľļߡ
λڵĲ֣٣Ҳĵϸ赤ſԣǣţ
ԣ֡
ҪȻԽߣĴԽߡ
ϷʮƷ龧
ҳʮƷ龧ҶļӼٴ
һ£ҶӼ۷Щ󰡡
ټӼۣǲ̫ˣ
ǵãʮǰ߳ɽۣҲǶʮһƷ龧
һŤͷӼۡ
ãҶŪŵĻӦòٸ˰ɣ
ǣûãӾͷ֣һ


1057 
Ŀϸ赤ʼͿľۣŵϸ赤䵽Ҷӻ⾺ĵĿϸ赤ǰߺڲ
ΪùӣߵĳɽԻһ㡣
û뵽Ŀˣӻڲ֡
ڵģˮٹ俺ǼҴGλʮϸ赤
һӣʣµĿϸ赤пܱǸԲˡ
ǻʲô᣿
Ҳ벻Ҷλ򺣴ʥȻһŪţŪһ֮󣬻֪㡣
һӣ⾺۾ͱǰδеļ
ȻӼ۷û֮ǰҶһԼƷ龧ǰֲÿμӸǧҧķǳ¡
ûһĹĿϸ赤ļ۸ٴ쭵˶ʮƷ龧ֱ׷ϸ赤ĳɽۡ
Ӽ۵ĹһֱûٴμӼ۵Ҷ棬Ҳûţƺʥš
磬㲻һϸ赤𣿡Ҷʵ
⣬̫ˣ˾ģɽ̫ߵĻͲˣĵ̲󣬲ҪôĿأƺʥ˵
һΣҶͻ˵
ԣƺʥһĵܣ㲻ǻµŰɣ⣬ţûɶã
ǣҾλӵˣҶƳһӼۼӵĻȵĽӵ˵
ƺʥһתҶ˼
ðĳ۰ɣҪҵ֣̫ˣ˵˰ֵʡ
Ҫҵ㰴תǣĲۣԼ𣡡ƺʥ˵
ǣ磬֮ǰôصǴǸܸܣһŸǡ
֪ʥֵΪʲô˹ϵܹ𣿡
Ϊֵ֣ܣʣ
˭ľ˭ģֵ֮ҲҪ˭Ҳռ˭ıˣҲܳԿǴ綨µĹأ
˵ˣ㶥һϸ赤͸˭͸أ͸ֻ͸ң
Ҫͣ࣡ƺʥ˵
Ҷ˲ˣҪţЩߵøҶĲ˵ҶߵľģҲϲôˡ
ˣǰ˵İ죬Ҫ֮гһ˾۽֣ԸƺʥΪѵҶ˵
ԣҶҲֻܿЦŵͷͬ⡣
Ĺ򣬵Ŀϸ赤Ѿ쵽һʱ
Ŀϸ赤ʮһƷ龧һΣûټӼۣǴܼҳƤȻһҲרҵȴһ˿
Ŀϸ赤ʮһƷ龧ڶ
ҳʮƷ龧
ۿŽ¶һ˿Цݣ׼Цһϸ赤ʱҶӼ۵ʱ˵
ʱͲˬˣŤͷҶ棬򺣣ҪϷˣ
⻰ɾ˵ˣʵһϸ赤Ҷ˵
ʵ⣬ҿ㻹ר̧ܰɣ
ôأǰأΪԸĵģһأΪĵģҴҵҲҪλһԺ˵ǲҶЦ
һӵûôG˵ɫȴˡ
ҪٱҶһţʱģĻǵķݣ
ҳʮƷ龧΢΢˼֮󣬸¶˾ģٴμӼۡ
Ŀ꣬ԭ츳Ѫֻһŵ츳ѪģѶȷͬСɡ
߿ŵϸ赤Ͳһˡ
ңҪһθ֮λĶӶԣΪԽԼһӿʱϸ赤Ч
ңΪ֮ճٶȣҲӦĴȵʱ򣬽ʡʱ䣬ɾͲǽһô򵥡
ǼǸгǧңĸѡѡϣȻǳۺϣǣʵҪѹԵġ
ܹĵһϸ赤ĶӻһδĿԣߵ˳ϡ
ԭҲǱܿ˵ķâ˵ĸУ֪ġ
Ҷٴβ֣о˲ǰ֡
ͻȻӼۣýЩ⡣
ߣϷʮƷ龧
ҳʮ򣡡ӼӼ֮ҶٴμӼۣģһ޶
״ٴԥ
ڰʮǰ߼ۣ۸Ѿ֮ǰ˫ˣЩֵˣ
һԥ͹ϳ֡
ҳʮƷ龧
գĿϸ赤˸ǼҴС
õϸ赤ľģӵļˡ
Ϊ˵ţҶˣڼӼۣʣţҲסˡ
ֹĿǿʼӼۣǵڶ֮УҲƵƵӼۡ
һЩƫһССԣһģһĵһϸ赤һλܹסĿкߡ
ͿѸٵôͶĳɱջֻʱѡ
ԣŵ㡢ڶĿ߿ʼۣһεľĿʼ÷ǳĲпᣡ
Ҷ̧ܣľȻʮƷ龧óƤǵȻ飬Щˡ
Ҷȵķ֣ĹҲƵӼۣۣ߳ȻﵽʮƷ龧
ģʮƷ龧Ҳļˡ
ж񣬿֪
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ʵǽЩˣЩϸڲûע⡣
ڰʮ֮ǰϸ赤ÿʮ꣬ͻ͵ϳһΡ
һγһγ֣ȴ˰ʮꡣ
ңȻʮǰһ͵¥ھĵߣֻһǧˣǣʮǰһǧǴһ֮ѡģڣȴǴһǧ֮ѡġ
ˣμӾĵߵĲҲ͸ǿˡ
գϸ赤ʮƷ龧˷GŪˡ
GҲû취ĶλĹλܼңȫҶˡ
ùūŲġ
λūʵȴǲס棬ԣһϸ赤ڱصã
ʣ֮£ϸ赤ľĸӿңûмӹһμۣ۸ͱʮƷ龧
ֱеۣѾҶõĵһϸ赤ɽ۵˫ˡ
˵ţѾ˲ˡ
һϸ赤ľ϶Ϊңԣϸ赤ڱصá
ӹϳּӼۡ
Ϸʮ飡
·ԩ·խһ㣬ӵĻûأҶٴμӼۣҳʮƷ龧
ӵĻ˲ðˣǾͳһ˿ЦȻ۳ˣϷΣ
ӾãǸøҶһѵˣҪȻûûȥԺʲôҶ涼ôһ£ҪӲˣ
ȽѵѵҶ档
Ҷ֪ҲǺģ
ϾʮƷ龧˭ԣһСĿ
˵꣬ӾЩĿҶ棬һ̧ܣ˰ɣ
һɲǣҶ˵һ仰Ͳûιȥ


1058 ʯ
λǵϸ赤ѾԷˣǰ֮ǰĶ߿ţһڱصõģ
ţû˼Ӽ۵ģ
ҶԽ޴ҵһ仰ýӵһڣTMҲ̫޳˰ɣ
Ȼɵģⲻϸ赤ڸӾĵ߿ϸ赤Ѷȡ
ڳ߶ɵЩϸ赤ߣʱʶˡ
ܿģһּӼС߳
ÿμӼۣ϶ǧǧƷ龧ģȲ󣬵һĹ򣬾ü۸ʮƷ龧
˸йϵĽӣ뿪ڼӼţǸ˰
ݣҪڴ֮ͥʳԶʣ˵Ƕᱻ⡣
գϸ赤ʮƷ龧ļ۸䵽˵һλصС
߿ϸ赤ľҶеĻҪпᡣ
ʵϣһʼӾͺˣӶˡ
ڲӦɵóһŸţ
գ߿ϸ赤ʮƷ龧ۣ䵽˽ӵ
⻹Ҷûвֵ£۸ҶҲҲˣһǿɾۡ
ӣʱȴǺ޺޵ĶҶ棬һСӵ⣬ˮlϵĶڵ⣬ҪϷС
ʱ䣬Ӧõ˰ɣ
߿ϸ赤͵ĳһС߳Ҳٴ֤ˮlʽƣǳĳɹ
ȻûгֶģҶĸ̧ۣѾúߵļϸ赤ĳۡ
͵ڼʱʱһЩˮlƵĵҩߵļĵĹȸڣҲʼַ̨
£Ͼǵڶߵˡ
һƷõòɿһϹŹĲоƴѪɺӡ
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ϹŲоôܹȵ޳𾭣ôܹȵҶҶ
ңܱõģǼ߾ƫŵĹ
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ֵ͸˵ˣҶ汾ʦҶѾܹƸƷˡ
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֮һǲʲĿǰ֪κһϣڶ֮ǴＫͣ͸ٷ٣
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ڴĵ֮λʱѾ˰ɣ
겻͸κ޷зֺ޷ȥ
ڴĹ֮˸Ϊʯϵ˼Ǵڸֹǰַǽ֪ʣʯơ
ųƤϣ˶¶һ˿Ȥֹıʱ˵Ϲ֮أ
κһߣһղ
ԣȤĺܴ
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˻
׼һһʱһƬ춼ûκμӼ۵֡
Ҫ׼ĸߣȻϸ赤ļһ
ؼ;ֻǸҲ̽ȻȤֻǱһ˿©ĻԶѡ
ǣʮƷ龧ĵ׼ּۣ©뷨ֻԴˮŻ顣
ʮƷ龧൱һǧһٶƷ龧СһļһĴ룬Ҳôˡ
һĴȥôȫˣȥȥ
˵ЩСС壬ǵĲĴͷǣһ۸ҲûκȤ
ңѹǺϵ⣬֮Կôߵļۣԩͷ
飬Щϣǳ
һһԩͷ˼ۣǾ׬ˡ
˵һƷŶǮҲ۰ɣ
ϧǣ˶ԩͷ飬Ҷʱȴò
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ĿµҶ棬֮ע⵽ֶʱĽʯΪⱻóʱҶڵһΪ飬һ¡
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ͬһʱ̣ʱ˳֮£ƤҲʼĳ򣬡ʯûг۵ģʮϢ֮˳ۣĴ
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ҶӼ۵ոأĿĽӡG˾۾ЩĿҶһۡ
ӿҶʱҶЦеĿ
Цڽӿһλڵȴ׵һ㣬˽թζý˲һ
᲻ҶӼۣ֣Ȼٿһѣ
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ǳ֪ʯ챦֮䣬ʲôϵ
Ϣ֮ųƤһ仰ĲĿµǣȫ۾ֱ塣
ΪƤĽ͵ѹ˫ǳʼģ


1059 ƴ
νѹ˫ò£Ҳ֪ʲô
϶츳Ѫؿĵҩ
ǣ֪ǣöĵҩ׻Ứ˭ң׻ĳһʲôļ۸
Ͼڳһǧ֮У˶Լûоѹ˫ʵ
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츳Ѫҩ࣬кЩҩϷ˽ʮʱ䣬ͬ棬Ŵҩ
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ϷͬչҩʱŵܹҵǼҩɵ֮󣬾ͻȹӦһ츳Ѫ
Ϸһһŵǧԣܹóĵ츳Ѫֻһţλͬ£
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Ҷ΢΢һ仰⾺ƾռ֡
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Ϸöҩ츳ѪòϷ˵ɣδ߷֮󣬿֮ڣһȫµ츳Ѫ
һЩʲ̥ǣҲ߸һ¥˵ΨеһηʱЧù˵ͬͲˣ
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ͬʱм۵ͷ·һ㱬
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ΪĽмۻδڣѾнм۳ļӼۣѾ˼ٳˡ
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Ϊľļ۸Ѿܳܵļλ仰Ѿˣûоʸˡ
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俺ˮٹ俺
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ǣҪŴ츳ǲģͷԡ־Եȵȣȱһɡ
ǰʵҪˣΪʵϾǿģͷԡ־ЩģӰ죬ıҲǺѵġ
ԣѡ̳߻ĺ󱲣ͷԡ־Ϊȣ츳ʵΪΡ
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ʱѡ̳˵ʱ򣬸ֱϵѪף
ôܹһ츳Ѫ츳ѪͱޱȵҪֱ˸еġ
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GһЦһһϷʮƷ龧
Ҫ˭ãģʮƷ龧
ʮƷ龧ٹһ˵ϹǰЩӣ츳Դ߽᲻ڷأ
Gһ仰俺ɫڣľ;ģ˳࣡
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ʮߣ
ʮˣ
ϷʮƷ龧
׷ҸϵĶ˼֣ͻȻ䣬俺ûϢ
俺ѿޱȵ飬ʱףλˮٹҪήˡ
֮ǰҶҩֵľϣ俺ѾУǧʮֻ֣ʮƷ龧
µһңҲˡ
ǺǣãôһµGңң俺˹֡
𼱣ⵤҩҲһѣҳʮƷ龧ǼҴͻؿڡ
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ϷǺ֪Ǵǰһϸ赤֪ʱжٲó츳Ѫ
ǴòİɣϷʮһƷ龧GЦ
ԣҶֱˣǰ֪GȻһԼͣһĹ򣬾ͽλڵļҵ׸ǵĲˡ
΢΢һ䣬ͳGЦҲһ𣿲֪óƷ龧
ҳʮƷ龧
ȻϷ͸Ǵƴһƴҳʮ򡭡
ͻأģһ̵öĤʹͻˣƽ˵ţҲ쵱ģһŵҩȻĸһˣ
Gɫͬʱһ䣬ŭķ򣬡㡭
ϷһƷ龧
һƷ龧ĽмۣʱGͬʱͣҪĻҲ޴ӳˡ
쵺ôǣϷ磡˹֣GЩ޹Ťͷ
һƷ龧Ѿĳۼˡ
ߣûг۵ģûг۵ģ츳ѪϷЦˣɷ˵
¥¥ŷһЦʱͽ˵Ŀⶼϡ
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ʱ͵¥˾㶼ɫ˵Ӽ۵Ŀȣһ䡮һƷ龧ͽ¥Ĳƴֱ¶ɣ


1060 һ
ŷļӼ͵¥еΪ֮Ŀ
λһμӼʮƷ龧ƣû˵ˡ
¥¥ŷһ֣úɷѿ
컹ʮĵģǸ¥¥ŷʵû̫ġ
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һһʮأ쿼һ£ٴμӼۡ
һٶʮƷ龧ŷӼۺѸ١
ϷһٶʮһƷ龧
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״ŷ΢΢һЦҪӼۣӵͻȻˣϷҲո֡
һʮƷ龧
ǺǣֶԴ˵ӦûаɣβһãŷЦ˵ҳһʮƷ龧
ԣӵɫ΢΢һ䣬ŷ⻰ǻл
Ҫ˵֯йأ˽ǿΪ֮λǿڻ˳Ŀ϶󣬲ܻõļ̳ʸ
̳߻ǽӵĶΪҪһرǣҪΪΪͻƵ
Ҳֻס档
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ԭϸ赤ҪģϧԴֻĵš
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ټӼۣٺüʮƷ龧һ츳Ѫһʷǳ⣬ı;
򺣴ʥȻܣö츳ѪϷˣǲ֪򺣴ʥûǸĻأ˵ţŷһĿһӡ
ڳĶĻ֮ܲŷ˼
ŷ˵Ҷĵ츳ѪҲûãΪ뿪ˮl֮ʱҶڣ
ҶȻҲˣɭȻһЦŷ¥ģģһģ
˵ţҶ泤ķңңֵ˼Ӽۣö츳Ѫ͹ˣ
͵¥˷ѻȸ
ˮٹ俺ҧҶһңܸܼۣǲҰ
λһСģͻԼܽȥ
ԼȥСʮ겻̤ˮlǲǴ°
ͬģӶԴҲǺ޵
ߣ츳ѪӶ⣬Ҷ⡣
츳ѪƫƫͽҶˡ
ǽиưٸҶһѣλôҪ츳Ѫ˶ԣһ֣Ǿ޴
һǾǱ磡
Ҫǣһؿľģڱصã
ԣֻܷ츳ѪҶߣ
ˮl츳ѪҶУʼĴؿʱҶǣظһ˿Ц


1061 淨
˵ʵҶԼҲûһ츳ѪܹĳһʮƷ龧ۡ
һʮƷ龧һƷ龧ٶһһһʮƷ龧ı㣬ǾͼֵǧһƷ龧
Ŀκκԣһʾ޶ʲܶ˱˵һӣǼҲ۲Ŀ
ȻҶǸ⣬ҶܹΪնɱߵĴڣǸ⡣
ҶңӶЩߵʲ𲽵ġ
Ҷ»ڵ龧Щ̳ԵĻ˧ĺϺĵر֮⣬Ҷӵе龧ԼٶʮƷ龧ҡ
˺ʲôأ
ǰҶֱնɱλ˵ľ˵ңǳķ
ÿ˹׸Ҷ룬Щĵرҩ㣬龧ԼǧƷ龧¡
Ҷ˵ϣԼջһƷ龧ͷ֮⣬Ҷնɱ˵İʹĿߣ֮ǰĻۣˮl֮ǰĵǲ֣ҶңԼһʮƷ龧ҡ
ҶĿǰʲһԴʣµһһپʮƷ龧Ҷں׵ջ
Ҫˮlμ͵ᣬңΪ
Ҷˮնɱķڣ龧ĿߴǧƷ龧
⻹ģҶնɱ¥߳ϡܹܻ棬Ĵָе龧ȻߴǧƷ龧
ң⻹ǻʲĴָУöǳ¡ϰٵһķӡ
ҶԽ룬һĽƾݣƾƾݣһö¥κһ¥һһƷ龧
ö׷ӡͼֵƷ龧
Ҫý׷ӡЧöַϱʩӵĲӡЧһ
洢ָеƷ龧Ҷעòˡ
ǧƷ龧ʮƷ龧㹻ˡ
˵ϵ룬ܽӽһʮƷ龧
Ҷ滹նɱ׾ȳʮλߣЩ˵ңҶһû£ɵľܹռʮƷ龧
ҶĿǰеɡٶʮƷ龧
ǰЩĵҩоϸ赤ԼʯҶĵƷ龧ӽʮ顣
ϴʱ츳ѪģҶѾȥƷ龧ˣҽʣ¶ʮƷ龧ҡ
Ҷǰҩ֮ʱһٷҩ֣ˮlĶһǾһƷ龧
ЩҶĿǰеҼҲһٶʮƷ龧
ʲҲۺ񣬵ĵǴؿˡ
Ҷĵľ
ˮlؿŵ츳Ѫ֮󣬱ʹŴؿ츳Ѫӵ
ң츳Ѫľ֮УҶʤˣôؿľУžʧܵ¥¥ŷǽӵˣһȫ
ؿʡȥһλ֮԰ٷְٵͻƵĵҩ
֮·ϣأҲǳѣʮһ
һһʧܣ߳ɹĻʻԽԽ͡
ЩѪеҡԣǺεȵҪġ
ǳеԴֻһܹȵĿòʮʱ䣬úԴҳһλڵߡ
ͬģҶҲá
һؿҶҪ̵ʱȵͻƳΪߣʡսʡʮĿ๦
ҲҶġ
Ͼʱٶ龧ġ
ԣһؿҶڱصá
ҲҪˣǰΪڤˮlǷҶѵ飬ҶԴΪ͵ˣ
ҶûҶı⣬Щڤȡ츳Ѫ
ϧǣˮlҲûж츳Ѫ´ο¯Ǽʮ֮顣
ڴؿΪˮlΪ⣬ṩ츳ѪԤڣóһӡ˼ʮĵҩġ
ҲǱˡ
ҶҪãֻƾ汾¡
룬Ҷ潫ͷתƺʥ磬ϿĵĴؿҲŹ
ؿҲҪƺʥЩԾĵܣղ츳ѪѾô龧ˣġ
˵ƺʥͻһָҶЦޣˣĵܣ龧ǰɣ
ԣҶ˵ͷ
ƺʥǺĻ˻֣û⣬ֵܣæһҪģ
ˣͶл
л㲻Ƿ飬µĹأֵܣʰһʮƷ龧֮ڣ⿪ڣǣϢһɣƺʥ˵
û⡣
ƺʥһ仰ͻȻҶͷһᣬΪڸղţҶѾʼ˼ôƺʥأ
ƼǶ飬ٵһĻܻ顣
û뵽ƺʥһ䡮ϢһɡͽҶȫȥˡ
Ȼƺʥ飬Ҷüǵãֻǲǰʱʱͷˡ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷãʥ磬ǵĿܵ
ƺʥʱһʮƷ龧ҶãؿһЩˡ
ϢתˮlʱҲ̨̤ϣϣѾһɫĲʲĺӡ
Ϲ⻪ƣһۿȥҶֱܹķӡͶٲ㣡
طӡɼˮlҩӡ
λλؿϷʮǰżһ¯ҩƵģʱҲǾգһʧܡ
Եʻ֮³ɹ
ֻһϷʹ͸ˣΪⵤҩѣҩеһζϻҵĿܡ
Ϸͽһؿʩطӡһֱ񣡾죬Ϸ򻹽⿪ӡ鿴ҩŨڱõҩûһ˿һʧ
Ҷ֪Ϊ츳ѪԵʣϷŽؿóλͣģ
Ϸǰ֮ˣϷУѳɾĴؿѾ޼֮һ龧һ龧ľۣδؿ
ԣѳɾĴؿϷһķʽ淨
˵鶼Ȼޱȣ۾Ķˮl֪ˮlҪʲô淨
Ҷȴƣһͷ񱼶ոսõ龧׼ãҪ淨
ֱ˰
ģ
Ŀע£ˮl³֣³ֵɲǣ˰Ҷڣ䡣
ˮlڼ
ʸؿǶʮλͬԽеļ룬龧ĵر鱨¼֮УݽϷ
ȻϷһһ֮ѡǽİĹأ
صɲǣ˵УǵĲ֮ؿߣͷһֳ嶯
һʺˮlȫŮԳԱĳ嶯


1062 ʤؼ
뾺ĵ֮ʺˮlȫŮԵĳ嶯ʵԭ򲢲ˮl
ˮlǰ֮ˣһ龧һ龧ļӼۣѳɾĴؿ
ⱾǺϵģ˭š
ڰַʽ
ھۣ۶٣ܾܲĵ߻мְյģϻѶ٣ﻹе׵ġ
ǰĲһ
ǶЩ־ڱصõľ߶ԡ
ΪҪǣǰ츳ѪĳһʮƷ龧ǰ߸ΪĴؿʲôļǮ֮ʤأ
ңؿľıײޣֻҪмֵʲôԡ
ôƷ龧Ķ֣ȴһʮƷ龧һݺĵ
һϡҩ
˵ˮlѡĸ
֮ŭΪⰵѹԼƣ޵׶һһ֮󣬻õ
˵ʵģϲһ־ķʽ
ȴʦϲһ־ķʽַʽԽߵֵѹեݵѡߡ
ǣһУϲҸ㰵ģҪǸҸ㼸ΰģ͵ŵհɡ
ˮlһģʤ
˵ⰵģȴŵһ־ķʽˡ
Ȼڳʸĵ뷨ô࣬ˮlȴǲںб
±ߣΰĿʼλͬ߱ףһ֮ͳһϽȻϷ򹫲Ľ
ˮlⲢʸؿǣҶڣüͷʱ
׼ۣǹ
Ʒ龧ʮʮƷ龧
Ҷ˼˺һᣬɶΪѱдƷ龧Ҳûоĵؿ뷨
磬ûʲôõ뷨Ҷ濴ƺʥ
ƺʥҡҡͷַʽ޵׶ǣַʽҲ޼Ѱ
һ㣬ܹؼƺʥһָͷ
ָ㣡ҶʶȤ˵
ĵʤ׼ƺʥ˵
Ҷüͷȴһ壬ĵʤ׼ⲻ׵ļֵߵס
˵һ룬ҶĻͻشס͵Щ˷ܵĿƺʥˣ˼ǣⰵĵʤ׼ʵǹ̶ģ
ⰵĵʤ׼ʵȫˮlһ֮䡣
仰˵ˮlļֵжϱ׼ǰĵʤ׼
һ˵ļֵжϱ׼һ˵ϲйأǶڲϲˣζɽ亣ζҲһ̵С࣡
˼ǣҴˮlϲ֣
Ҷ˵һƺʥ黹˺ƺʥЩ㵵ֱ壬Ҷ棬һľ졣
ƺʥû뵽ǸһѣҶ澹ȻһӾ뵽ô࣬͸
ʵǡ
ƺʥ֪֮һ㣬Ϊڣٲ硢˵ߴˮlľеİġаĵĽҵôһؼ㡣
û뵽ҶȴһӾȫͨˡ
ƺʥЩƣ˾ߣߣĳЩ滹ЩǷȱ
ȻˮlԣƷ龧ֵߣһϡеֵߣ
գǿɲǰ׽еģƺʥ϶Ҷ뷨
ţ˵ûңҾãˮl֮һѹ󱦵ľķʽΪģǶ龧Ѿûиоˡ
龧ˮlԣѾһ֣ԣŻᰵģ
ˮlҪģܾЩ챦
˵ҶϧڤѾˮl˽ףҪȻƾڤһҾܹڰĵؿ
ǰİɣסͰ˵ģ龧һ鶼ҪţҪҪϡУһҪҩⷽ濿£ƺʥ˵
ԣҶصĵ˵ͷ˼
Ҷ棬⾺ؿߣʱһı飬ǽиܰ
дǸ
ȻЩģû͸ˮl˼ߣڿ˼¥¥ŷࡢGӵˣ˫üڿǵʲôƷʡ
ЩޣҶܿ͸ģҲ͸ˡ
ǣ͸鿴͸кʻˮlϲĶó
Ǿ仰ϲĶҲǲᱻˮlѡеġ
Ҷ룬һźĵôȱндһƷҲ޷ⰵ֮ʤ
һӵʱܿ죬ڿ˼ʱ򣬼ֱǷһš
λʮϢ֮ڣдб׵͵ǰգϷͳһȡʮϢ֮ڣδϱģϷ򽫻Ϊģˮl
ܿģ󲿷˶͵ǰֻˮlָ΢ţһͷ·һˮlġ
ֱʱҶ滹δͳ
Ҷģһֱûлһڶˮٹ俺סûһҶ棬յ㱻ҶϢҲá
û뵽򺣴ʥȻһѶϣڻûдף򺣴ʥǶԼûģǳۣ俺ͻسҶЦ
Ѷϵǣܱ㵽ͷڹүҪõĶɣ
˵ţҶָᵯһգͬʱ俺ȻҶĳٹҪǴװøȣ֬۶ͿͿȥĳЩ¥ˣ
ڵˣҶû˺ɫ
һ仰͵¥úЦ
俺ɫʱͱޱȡ
㡭
俺͵վʱ򣬳ƤǱޱȵĿ⣬俺ͷһ
Ȼ͵վ俺ЩεĻ£ȻҶһһٵĵ򺣣ҪҪȻһȥ¥ƨɵöү
ԣҶȴǸƴЦܺãû뵽ٹָһܺõĽ飬һúóһ£
ҲʱһˣҲ¥¥ŷ࣬Ҳڽǰıָᵯ˳ȥ
Ǻǣŷ֣ӣǶؿڱصð״Ц
Ǻǣ̸ϣȻһ㳣ںҲһЩϡıϡ
ֻҪûдѪмְյģ
ŷ⻰˵ʮƯýҲЦҪ۱ǱȲ¥ģ
ȥʤȯհྺɫЩѿ
ôأϱĵط¾ˣһҪؿУ룬۴ĸ潲ֶϷ̸̸ɣ
һ˵ŷһ߱ĶҶһۡ
˼˵ײҲҶĶͷG俺Ц
ڴҶ浹ù죡
Ȼ֮Ӧ֮ʣҲĶҶһ⣬£˼ˡ
G俺ˣеڴ֮ɫŨ
һɲǣ͵¥˺ͬһɲ
Ϳ̨ϣˮlյĶʮݱһְڿȻ𣬲鿴˱ס
ĵս


1063 Ȳ
ʮݱףˮl㻨һӵʱ䣬һһ꣬Щף֮ˮlĿ˼һ
ţˮlֶˣȡһö
һٶߵ͵һͬʱһͷսҪˡ
ͬһɲǣ͵¥ĲҶ治Զ俺ͻȻýޱȣ֮࣬ȴִޱȵ˷ڴ۾Ķˮlǿ֮ϡ
ÿͳıʽвͬ俺ϵúˮlõģˮزˮƳɵ俺ı
ˮlԼı俺Ĵߴ٣ˡ
ǣǲ˰ĵǣȴһʧ
ҶҲЩ֣ˮlľٶٿ俺һ˷ܣѵؿĻᱻ俺ߣ
һﵽóʲôıףȻܹɻҶ滹ŷࡢӡG˵ıף

ڴʱһ죬סĺعƽȣҲˮٹ俺飡
ǰˮlֵöˮɫҲ俺ıֱӱͶ׵һ֮С
ǸȻ£ʢŵģȫʱķİװʷӡƬȵȡ
仰˵俺ıףһ
оһͬʱΪڴ΢΢俺һſһһģѿޱȡ
ղŻŰб꣬û뵽Ƿĵһꡣ
ġ
ȻˮlӦûκδ˼ֻѡų俺Լֽڴͱ俺Լȥ
ûȤ
һɲǼ䣬оϷŪ俺һַ뿪ĳ嶯
ͬһʱ䣬Ҷ桢ӡGǺɷĵǸĺ죬Ц
Ц俺
һɲǣˮlѡų׵Ķؼӿ죬ĴڶһöһöıϵıˮlͶ׵֮С
Լı˵ϣ¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫȻǳıףûбˮlѡС
һ֣ˮlһʮһãʱ̨ϣʣ
͵¥Ĳ֮ϣŷһۣͻЦ
֮ǰԼӦûЧɣŷͻЦ
ЧϷյõؿôϷ򲻽ŷֺúõ̸һ̸˵
ã
ŷ̨֣ϵöҸһֻǲ֪һö˭ֱʣݱɲû䵽Уͻʵ
ǽӣ͵¥ڵߣҲһĺ棬ǵö˭أ
ڳģǴˣĿʸ񾺼۵Ķʮһɨʱ˽
Ҷ棡
򺣴ʥҶ棡
ʸ񾺼۵ʮ֮У˽ŷ֮⣬ֻʣҶ棬һڴĶö
Ȼö֮УһöҶġ
û뵽򺣴ʥҷḻղҲǼ񣬾ȻĶѡѾҶ档
𿴽ҶѾƳˮ𣬵ЩǸУŭתۼʲô飬ơ
һЦݵͱӶǶԣԲʲô¡
̸ϣ¥ˣղأҲֻ಻١һ仰ƺʥԳҶ˴Ĵָ
ƺʥҶʥһ壬Ż˵Ļ
Ҳֵ뿴顣
Ǻǡӵɫһ͡
Խӵϼ޻ÿһ仰˼ǵģ˼ǣڶǿ߶Ҷ첻ѣΪ֮ļƻ̵档
û뵽Ҷһ仰̵治ЧΪ֮ļƻƾһЩ
ʱ˵עȴˮlĶϡ
̨ϵöÿһöˮlЩ֣һöһöģַ£Ȼϲɫ
ƫƫֻѡһ
ˮl޲ٷɳöؿԱȫգһҩյԣöĶ̫ջˡ
˵öؿܲĳֵۣ˵ˡ
ַ£ַ£ظӡ
ͻȻ䣬ˮlһöֶС
öɲǣҶ鶸һΪˮlģͳı
ͬʱ¥¥ŷ࣬ͬʱһϲʶĻһˣٴȷ׵˼
ŷϵЦݣȻӵԡ
Ϊˮl֮ǰľٶȻҶıͻὫҶı̭
ʣµ֮жѡһôؿĵڽӸŷ֮С
ǰԼֻҪһĴۣӾͻὫŷתø˵ŷࡣ
仰˵Σ¥¥ŷ඼ؿյ
ؿŷλӣٿԽԼʮĿʱ䣬Ȱ֮󣬽λõĻʣӡ
ʱŷһֱϵѪףȻεסŷҴȨǴȨ֧
ŷ࿪ĵԭ
ӿģԭ򵥣ΪŷһöؿжߣˮlѡıףȻںݺݵ¥һʣǣȴԴɸܵĺϵ
Ӱټٴеǰ¡
˵˶ˡ
ǣЦȴֻôϢʱ䡣
ˮlڽҶıֵ֮󣬲ûڶ˼Ϣ֮󣬷߾ķ
λϷѡİıף
˵꣬ˮlŽӸŷ˻еı֡ŷ֣ʵǱǸ
ǶλϵıףܷϷҲϲǣ򺣴ʥϵıףȴǶһ޶ģ½һݣȨ֮£Ϸֻѡ򺣴ʥıףλ£
Ǻǣȫƾϲã֮ңʧ֮
Ӹŷ˵ڲ⣬ɫ˵жѿжѿ
Ǻܲ˺ܲˬ£ǿųһ˿Цݣжˡ
û취λʱþͷǳˡ
Ҷ棬Цŭģ
ͬһʱ̣ҶǣѾһ˿ŵЦݣյѡ񣬹Ȼû
ȻͳˮlϲĶ⣬Ҷԣȴһ㣬һֱǰ衣
ʱõĶԼõıҲһޱȵĳɾ͡
λε͵ᣬ˽ϷںñһЩϯˮλξĵͬϷĴܼҳƤһһ㣡
˵ˮl΢΢һ٣ķ⣬ҩǰߣλĵ֣ճʱϷˮlоСۣʱϷԵһ£
һԣǰ޾ʵ俺յˣʱͱڴ֣ٱ
ӡŷࡢGУҲ
ɼˮlеԵǵж
ǻصͬʱˮlֱҶλȲסҶֵҶСѣ¯óɣϷѾȲˣ


1064 Ϲ¯
¯
ۣڳո׼볡ߣʱͻȻ
ֲҶıܹˮl¯ֶ϶ˮl
ˮlղʵüľӪռղص¯ûһǧҲа˰ٰ
ʲô¯ܹˮlʧ̬
¥¥ŷҲǼΪ棬ıУҲһȼֱ׷¯ǿǰǰʦɽ֮
ҿԵɹɷǳ˵ã
һ㣬ͼֵǡ
֮⣬½϶Ϊζҩһʧĵۼֵ޼֮ȻܸҶ棿
ҲǺܺ棬ʲô¯ܹǣ
Īó¯ʲôƷ׻Ҳ̫֪ģȫд֮ˡ
ֻӡ˸ģѣǵ뵤Ī֣ҶЦ
ֻҪûŪ٣㲻ǣҲϷϴˣ£ˮlֱ˵˵
Ҷ΢ЦͷȻŪ٣Ҳţˮlϴ֮ûȫд¯ҲҶһֶΡ
һ˶ʲôȤ
Բϸġ
ȴֿȥĶϲעģĿ
Ҷ浱ڱ֮нд¯һʱ򣬾Ѿʼһ㣬ԣҶ沢ûн֪¯ȫϢдȥ
ֻڱ֮ȫ¼һһģһ¯ͬʱֻעһ仰
¯꣬Ʒײ꣬һ¯˱ǣഫǧǰԦ֮һഫÿɵƹҩǡ
ҶãЩˮl֪ˡ
㹻ˡ
ʵϣҶԦŵ޵ҵΪ¯
£ҶշԦųϡһٿУѾ֪¯ǴϹŵ¯
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ֽޡУֻҪմϡϹš֣ʱֵͲһˡ
¯Ϲ¯ֵǷҶԣȴûκá
ԣҶͽϹ¯˱ףұһϢԹˮlĺġ
ңҶıУһϹ¯
û뵽ĳɹˣ
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Ȼһ죬شһϹ¯ˮlǰѹ͵¥ζѡ
Ϲ¯ֵɲǣˮl۾ʱ͵ֱˣһΧϹ¯תͣ
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Īְ֮ͨ˲Ϣȣȼѣ󷨣ףһ󷨣ѵʧѾõġ
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1065 ʯ쳣
ƺʥ뿪һҶ棬ûϢ
ٴ֣֮ھΧҲ⸲һ㾯
Ҷ汾ݣⱾҲθҶ潨湦ԣҶǳⱾµĿֲҲ͸ʢ
Ϣ֮ǰ˷¼ֵƵľѾΪҶһϰˡ
鲻һԣҶִ߶ɫ⣬ΧڲһϣԷ̽
׼ҶŽ»֮У⻪һǰӹĽʯͳҶ֮С
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ͬһɲǣҶڵ׹顢ᦡͻȻš
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1066 ϸ赤Ч
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¼Ҷ棬ʱȴ˵ҩ
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Ҷȴûһ˿һ˷ѣȫҶ˸ɸɾ
Ҷϸ赤ҩӵ˼£
ԣһϸ赤֮ҶѾ࣬سԲһ֮ң
Ȼϸ赤ҶûκѹԵģҶֱӾͽڶϸ赤Ҳ̷ˡ
ˣҶ滹֮ǰںɱķڡ¥ܹܻһڿߵ⣬ȫɣ볹׵һ
һһҹ
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ֻĸ֡ʱѵ


1067 ˮlΣ
ĵܣ㵹ܹס
ԶģƺʥȴȤҶ棬ǼλʱδĳǰˮlоǰȺˡ
ȴˮlĻԵʲô㵽ãҪǲ㷢ѶǲǻŰ
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磬ҿŶ˲ЧҪǻˣΪкˡҶܹ˵飬ҶȻǲ˵ȥġ
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Գ˱Ϊ侪֮⣬һּ֮۶һڣϷ򶼻Ŀѣ
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ƴ˵ϷҪʱ䣡ˮl˵


1068 İ
Ҷ˷ʱˣԭҶ滹׼뿪ˮl֮зһ츳Ѫ
ˮlƽⶾҩҪǵȴʱ䣬ԣҶԥľͽʱһ츳Ѫ
ҶǰλԵɺϵ츳Ѫõʱ䶼Ķ̣ڰ֮ڣǻ϶֮
츳ѪȴȺԼƳɹ֮˵ʱһ츳Ѫʮʱһ츳ѪҲֵõġ
츳Ѫɲһ¾ͿԵģȣ֮ڣܲκδš
һλǿǱġ
ƺʥʵѡңˮlĳ̶ֳϽˮlϷ츳ѪҪȫ
ΪˣҶ滹ˮlܼҳƤһк
Ҷ˲һˮlĹͣˮlݣƺʥҪ
ԣΪȫƣƤⰲΧػ塣
ˮlڣĳЩܹϸӦʲôҲǲҸʲôСġ
ҪȻ֪͵ϮһΣ󽨹ֻҶ̣Ǿͽˡ
ˮlľֲ¾Щ˾͵õˡ
ҪҪðų׵ˮlķնҶأ
ˣѡ
츳Ѫɲ˵ҩһ㣬ȥܹһ츳Ѫˡ
һ׵ҩⷽȫ¼츳Ѫһ֮С
Ҷϸжҩķ֮С츳Ѫ
Ҫ츳Ѫ̫Ҫˡ
Ϊ츳ѪҶ֮ǰļƻ鸮ĻǻΣֻҪһľԵĹԲ֮ҶͿԿʼſ
ΪͻƵҶԣһء
ҩķȻӣ츳Ѫȶԣȴӹɵġ
ϾһҩȶĵҩˮlԳƵģ£ֻҪ˴ţֻҪҶҩķҪһ츳ѪˮɵĹ
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Ҷҩɵľڳš
һҩӦŵڵʹУҶҲף츳Ѫһ츳Ѫǰ츳Ѫԭ֮
ȵкļ侫Ԫεٵ츳Ѫ
ҶܿģҲЩˣҩֵҩķȥΪ£㲻ס
ȻЩҪҶףҶҪǣ̤̤ʵʵһһȥ
ˮlϿḷֵ̌ɲǣֵע⣬Ҳ˵ɫѿ
⾫̵ĵһ˲䣬¥¥ŷͶˮ
ҶӣȻѡڴʱ츳ѪɺϷԼɱ֮츳ѪϷ
û뵽δ֣ˡ
峤˵ǣȻ츳ѪôؿͱȻ޷ڶʱڷãʱ򣬻ɱؿҲǵģ
ʱСʮľͿƾؿһٿ뿪ٽʡޣ˵ŷŷ
ϧСʮǺİߣϷƾһ츳ѪСʮΪߡ
ʮ֮ڣܸСʮһ׮Ϸ뿴ʮܹСʮƸߵεȸ߶ȡŷһĿϧ
Ҳǰ
ŷҲһĿϧСʮܹɾʮ˵֮󣬾ͻΪ¥ڵһˣʱŷ¥ڵһˡ
¥ڵһˣҲûпܣؿöϸ赤ŷңҲԸСʮĽԼʮĿޡ
ʮʱ䣬㹻СʮĽľ˦ϴһˣԣؿڱصã
ŷͻǰһգ峤ҪҪҶĸ£ٴḶ́Ҳȳһڶ
ӽˮˣŷ˵꣬ŷһѵ
ͬһʱ̣ҲһƵ⣬ŷ뷨Ҫࡣ
𶯺׵캣ХûʲôɣǾ캣ХܹҶġ
ң˽»ɵϣҲãս
һ£ȴҡҡͷУСʧ󰡡
ҶһΣǣĺ̽Ӱ죬Ǿ캣ХһɾͲϷˡ
һãͻʣԲУ𾪵ĵط϶кö
ǾͿ쵰ɳ쵰Ǹոɱϱߣһŭ
ģˡ

һ˺Ѱľʹ֮Ҷ͸оѿѿһ㣬һؼϸС磬ʼٵ
ͣδȫ츳Ѫͷҩٶȣؼӿ죬ˣһϸС磬ʼĳȡҶڵԴѪעȥ
һϸС磬ʼۿɼٶȣɿ
ֳɳĸоǷǳģһˣϵ۵ӽǣڿԼɿĳ
ģһѪĸо֮д
ľѪ۽ȥҩһİѪȥѸٻһ쾫Ѫ֮ΪѪ֮ڵıԴ֧š
Ҷ漸ۿɼٶȱȥڽʱڣϴһȦ
ˣɳ߳ͷʱ򣬲һ츳ѪرһȦɫҩҩϸ赤ҩż
ҩֵɲǣҶͰǰĿƣ꺣еȫע˽ȥ
ʱɫ⣬ûҩɱ֮Ƴ֮С
֮ˣҲûϵлδߵܹﵽ˿ֲĳ̶ȡ
ɫȥɲǣ˲ϢںϽ츳Ѫ֮У츳ѪҶ׵ĳΪҶ츳Ѫ
ͬʱǺɫ⣬˲Ϣͽ츳Ѫŵ˼£˲Ϣ츳ѪӶ߳ͷֱǵɣһ׷츳ѪĳȣŽǰ
ͬһɲǣĸоӿҶͷɲǣҶڵߵ츳ѪѾĻδģͬʱ˸˲һ¡
һԿĲ˲Ϣʹߵ츳ѪȻӵһ𣬷·Ϊһ㣬ߵ츳ѪƺһɲǳΪһ塣
·һڶ֦ؼκα仯ƺԼԼӰ쵽֦İڶȣڶ
˵Ϊһ֦İڶ֮ϣͿԹ۲췢֮Ʈı仯
ʱҶһ¡
İأ


1069 Х
֮ԱΪΪڵ츳Ѫﵽ֮Ϊı仯ͿԱΪ
Ϊڵ츳ѪĿﵽ֮󣬻һ֮ı仯ߵ츳Ѫ֮еĳΪһ
ȻֺΪһͿǴһ㣬߸׵ĸأ
İأҲԴ
׸һ֮󣬿ϲ˲ϢӿҶͷ
ļ֣ڴ˾޴ջ
ҲĿǰΪܴҶԶ׼ĺôǣպ󣬽Ҷ淢ֵأܸҶĺô
٣Ҷ̤С
Ȼ޷ЩİǴ˵еʮȣǣȴ֮ܽĲ࣬С
ҪȻҶҪ츳ѪͻƵ֮Ĳ࣬ʹ޷ֲ
ǷһصɲǣҶӦе磬һ䡣
ؼ޴ڵˮҶӦУƺӵˣƺÿһµı䶯̺İء
ȻһģĸӦѣǸҶиһһ㣬߶ԶȫҶˡ
ͬһɲǣһĪĸоش׹֮ڴ˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ;ãԺ鱦׹ĸоͻȻЩͬˡ
׹ԭѹ޷׵ǵ֮ԴƣͻȻôһ磬ȥмѰ
ָоܹŹ֣ȴʵʵڵĿԷĺô
ȲģҶͽͶ룬ϸӦ
ҶٴǱƺʥѵġ
ĵܣԭ㻹ڲҲӦô㣬ǰˮlѾϢƽⶾҩɹԼǰϿ̽
ǰϿ̽һ£ȻԵѵãޱȡ
֮ǰĹľ޴Ϊֲò㣬Ĳ򣬻аյʱ䣬Ӧ㹻ָˡƺʥ͵
̰ˣ绤ˣҲȥϢһ׼̽ˡ
ʵƺʥĴϲûʲôҶ淽ŵĲҲʲô֮ĻԵֻǸո̤Уִǰ֮仯ͻȻ䲻ôˡ
ǰѹ޷֮ԴƣͻȻܿһԼϲʹ˳ȥ
ò˵ҶڵķǳĴ󣬵ڵֻʣһɲɺԣ꺣֮еɫ⣬һɡ
״̬ѹӦκθǿȵսңҲҶ棬ҪǻˣʱڣָпܣǾԻָ˵ġ

죬ǳʱʱ֣ʸμ⺣̽һߣڵһʱľۼˮlͷ֮ϡ
˾ûãˮl͵ˡ
ˮlȴǻһͷ
֮ǰƮݳۣһȥǳƺĳƤƳɵĺɫˮ
ɫˮȻˮϱ߻µķƣ񣬴ɫˮ֮УܹٶȴܹȵļˮѹӰ졣
ңˮģɲˮlһˡ
ˮlֱӴˮ¥¥ŷࡢG졢ˮٹ俺ˣ׷ȥ¶ߵĸʽľˮ
Ȼһб
ҪȻǧˮѹ͹ǺһģΪûͻƵ俺ˡ
ңΪͻƵǧˮѹӰ϶ǳҪȻˮlҲ׼ˮˡ
ҶǣӾȻҲһ侫¡йӻݵĺɫˮ
ҶЩɻ󣬰ҶƲ⣬ȻҶˮѹôһСȫĽӣӦҲˮѹ
ǣӴʱȻҲһɫˮҶЩɻˡ
ѵֳĺõһһͷҶͷ
֮УδˮģֻҶƺʥˣƺʥԲ˵ˮֱ󺣣Ҫˮ
ԣ˵Ŀһ˲䶼еҶϡ
ҶСѲĵʥǱǧĺףȻôɺ״ƤƳɵˮ򺣴ʥͷȻʵˮl̾һ䡣
ˮl̾˵΢΢һӿҶĿ⣬
ͻȻ䣬ˮlоͳ˰˸ҩƿֵɲǣͻ𣬷˰ˡ
λⵤҩϷƵľ۵ÿƿţԸ֮ǰ̷һţɱ۶
ΪԻڣƽ䷢λԣˮ֮󣬻λϷ򣡡
룡
˵ɲǣˮlԾλһƯԾ켣ѸûˮС
˲Ϣ䣬ͨͨڶˣˮȻĸˮlµ䡣
ˮʱƺʥȴҶҲ࣬ҶߵͬʱҲԼҶӡGŷ˸
ľٶҶЩж
ƺʥǺЩԳϮɱҶ棬ſıҶ档
һϾˮlҪˮlĽҲҶսǿǽЩҶԣֲ̫
͵Ϯ֮£һҶҪ군
ˮlٶȼ죬ǼˮĹ⻪·һˮһ㣬ˮlÿһ°ڶγ
û뵽ˮ׵ĹҲ֪ں֮УٶܴＸΣɷϷ򿪿ۣͻ𵴴
ǱģҪҵȱһͷ
ͷ
ԸԣҪλͬȥŭ󵽴λδΣ
ӵ飬ˮlЩ⣬ĿͿˣǾΣ
չλ뵣μŭ֮𣬲Сͷĵʱóǩѿ·һ㣬¥¥ŷಹһ䡣
ֻ˭Ҳûע⵽ŷ˵ʱĴҶɨ
λͬ⣬ȱˮlҲؿǡ
⵹ʧΪһ÷λǿԸ⣿ˮlѯʵ
Ծԣкβң
ںģ˭˭GЦ
˶ͬ⣬ƺʥ俺Ҷûвͬ˼
ȻˣǾλˣ
δأξͷ·һ˳ȥ
ÿ죡Цһһڣ·һֱ׷ˮl
˲Ϣ䣬ˮlӾʧ֮Уֻһˮˣָǰķ
ȻǷֱ׷Ͼŭ£ǷǳΣյġ
Ҷƺʥһۣͬʱһڣͷ·ŭһ㣬ֱܺס
ҲһɲǣҶƺʥĶͬʱһһ΢ХشӺϿĳɢ˷
ҶûʲôӦƺʥХɲǣζһٴܽ͵һͣϢЩˡ


1070 ѹ
磬ôˣ
ƺʥҶע⡣
ƺʥǺεȵĴڣôͻȻϢأ
ƺʥ飬ʱѾѿޱȣѪѹҷܵһֲѪϢѹһʱûзһӰ졣
һҶȴǴһ
ôܰ
ƺʥż䴿ѪԣɻѪѹӰ졣
ǣΪǿߣˮ֮ϵĸŲ׵衣
Ʊǵһ֣ڵϵߵͣԸߵһȻѪѹ
ۺϣ½ڣѾûܸƺʥǴѪѹĴˡ
ǣȴܵѪѹһᡣ
ǰϿȣҶȻûȫ̽ǿģҲֻˣƾֻԣ޷ƺʥѪѹơ
Ҷ˵ĸԭ
£ǲܣǣ˿Ϊ֮ǾͲһˣƺʥЦ
˿Ϊ֮˵
½ĿǰߴڵޣûκһͷܸҴѪѹǣһЩƾһЩӵϹѪ޵ߴУȴܸҴѪѹ
ţХ֮Уȴ̺һ˿ѹ
ԣŭشҶϸ֣ѹָӣ
˭ƺʥЦ
ǣʱΪʲôҪôأˮlǲǡ˵䣬Ҷƺʥ˵Ŀͬʱһ
ͷ
ŽǸͷ󵽴ߣҪΣյļŭԵжҶ漱
ˮһ𣬽Ѿʼǣңӵ飬ǵõ¥¥ŷ֧֣ܴͬɵġ
仰˵뿪ˮlˮһ𣬽ŷѾʼǣ׼ȷ˵ӦѾʼ㣬׼Ը㣡
ҪԸ㣬Ⱦ͵޷ԣ˷ŵѪѹƺʥ˵
ȻǺƣ磬ˮµٶȣǾһ£Ҳ޷䵽֮аɣҶ˵
ɻĵطΣһһҪСģˮlڣ˲Ŷ֣ǰ㣬ȴûκε⡭
ƺʥ˵꣬Ҷɫͻؾһ䣬Ц磬֪ӵĺˣ
ʲô֣
޳޳
ʲô
ƺʥͬʱĺˮ˲Ϣͱûޱȣɫ⻪Ӷһ˷·һ㣬ƿףҶƺʥϮ
׼ȷ˵Ӧǳ
Щ׵ޣ·ʲôһ㣬·𺣵ųħһ㣬׷ײҪĴӺӴܶϡ
ӦþǷһѹˡ
·ϣκθ赲ޣ¶֪ģٶģֻҪǰߵģǱɱײ飬Ǳһ̵
ƺʥ˫Уر׹⣬ޣҲ赲ǣ
һΣ˿ͷ·һ˳ȥеޣʱ͹ࡣ
ɾƺʥɱʱȴҶסˣ磬ܸӦ޳аߣͷкڵٸ
һֺľѪϢͷޣʱֵܹܸԲ
ʲôͷƺʥһ
ƺʥҲͷкڵޣΪЩкڵޣһᵽѪϢЩ޵Ѫѹƣͻֱ½
ңڣЩһϢ˵ޣƺʥѪѹƣҲޡ
磬룬ǽӵưɣ
Ǹո޳ɲǣһǴɱ䣬¾ͻ֣ͷкڵްΧǾܹɱΧҲԪˡ
ʱ򣬾ǿϹȥҲף
ƺʥȴҡҡͷᣬսӵԸ񣬿϶кֶԸǣǷѾѪӹ޳֮󣬾ͻ˸ϵԸǣ
˵λ𣿡
Ҷ涸طһЦȻƵ˾ƫƫͲǳɹ
ƺʥ¶һ˿ЦڣҪɱǲɵģһɱ䣬͵˽ӵ֮У
˭˵ģ
ͻأҶһЦ磬ҵģ
Ҷس֮ڣһҶʱͻһֻ峤ʮסȥЩ¡Ķβз
Ȼƺʥ֪Ҷлεı£ǵһοҶóһֻʵϢǳơƺҲ˿޶βзǴһ
أһִֻӶβзƺʥǣһһȦ׹žӿƺʥһ׹⡣
磬ץˣ
һɲǣҶƺʥӭӭ޳˳鱦׹ϢĸҶͷ׹ըֵɲǣ̵׵֮ҶΪģ˷俪
ͬʱҶһ˺ޱȵĺϢʱɢ
Щڿ״̬ĺǣܵҶ淢ǣ̷俪ˮҴܵ׵֮ȴǶػָ˼ѡ
ָգһָѣЩʱͱҶɢĺϢŵˣһЩƷΪԵ͵ޣû̱
̱ޣֱӱҶײɣѹǰӦޣ̵ʱõһԣҶóһͨ
Ϊβзںĸ£Ҷˮеٶȣֱ쵽˼㣬һź״ܶˮǡ
ȻҶһУҲܵģҲЩܵ׵֮СûдӾлָܵģͽצҶ档
ǣҶŵһ׵ݣȴ̵ļ䡣
׹ǡֱƷͬʱ
˲ϢͲ˻Żһţõģᱻƺʥ˳ָնɱ
ϢϢʱ䣬Ҷʹƺʥ˴Ӻ׳޳
龰ƺʥϲĵܣٶȣǾԿԸڴ󲿷֮ǰϵϵص㡣
ӵƣҪˣ
϶
ոӦһҶһжظֳһ˿֮ɫƺʲôԾһ㡣
ǣҶɱɲǸǵģǾ֮ɫһɲǣʱɢҶҲ˾
ͬʱҶζһͣٶȷɿͬʱҶҲȥ˻Գ˱塣
ĵܣôˣˣǿɲܵһ˿һʱ䣬Ҫˣӵˣƺʥߵ
磬ǰʮﴦһȺ۷װԼһֻͷҶ˵
װͨ׹ĺװ⣬ͷͷʹޱȣһͷ죬ǸϿ뿪ƺʥˡ
磬Ҫȫɱ
˵ͬʱҶע׹֮ڣ׹֮ƵıԴϢڵɢ
ͬͬʱǰĲУͳһ׹⡣
Ϣǰĺˣͱǵ׵粨ΣҶ񱼶
һٶֻװᵽѪζһ㣬Ӷ
ܣˣ׵粨εƣƺʥ


1071 
ΧǻһȦһֻװƺʥľҪˣģΪֹҶΧȦġ
һֻװİΧȦġ
ƺʥ𾪵ǣһֻװʱȫҶһһˮͰϸ׹⡣
ˮͰϸ׹ɲǣ˳ϵͻ䵽ˮУҲɶ㡣
ǣһֻ۷װĹҲǼġ
˵ˣƺʥҪվҶλϣʮˡ
ǣҶúõġ
ͷŵ׹һһģͣĲŻҶ׹ݵġ
ͬʱÿһװ׹׹ھͻ˸һЩһ־׵֮ͻᱻ׹ֲ䵽׹֮С
ƺʥ۾ҪԲˡ
һΣʶ˺鱦ĺôǰĵܣԻԥĳֽ鱦׹ġ
ʵ׹վ׵֮Լı£ҲҶŷֵġ
ȴҶһǰǰնɱʮֻװ׹ʮֻװ֮۳İö֮Ƶá
۳ö֮ƵãܹȵҶϵԼ׹׹
һΣҶ淢˺鱦ֲֿĳɳԡ
ֻҪ㹻Դ鱦ԿԳԽ
һΣҶ׹ĳɳʮġ
ͬʱҲҶ淽ŸðͣðűƳɹΣͣԭ
Ҷ淽һɲǵľǡǸϻȥƵǸͷƣ׹ɳ
һɲǼ䣬Ҷѡ˺ߡ
֮ǰķǸͷֻǸͷƣҶ˱֮󣬰Ҷ档
ԣȱλμŭԵҶҲΣտԳܡ
ǣװֺޣȴǼ亱ģңһһֻǾ͸ˡ
һΣҶںε꣬Ҳܹһֻװ
ѵãϾ׹ǳɳˣǿǿֱҶʵġ
ڵΡ
ڱһֻװΧΣȥĿֲӵ׹Ҷԣʲô¡
ңҶѾ˶Ըװľ飬ʱȴǸӵᳵ·
ҶΨһҪǵģǼٸɵװġ
ϾһĹȣͲǶʱָܹġ
ԭһɱ۷ޣҶɫⷢģҲûж
ǣǰҶˮlϵͻƣȴҶڴʱɵĺɱ۷װ
ҶԭΪֻǸոͻƵسڣȴѾȴڽԲ൱ֱһࡣ
£Ҷ潫˫Ŀ϶Ϊһ⣬һΪ⡣
£Ϊ״̬£ȴûκε
һһΪȥֻװϢȥ
ԣ𿴱ֻ۷װΧסǶҶԣûжѹ
Ȼ飬ҲҶת
ҶתҲΪ鱦׹顣
ЩװĿ꣬ȫҶ׹ϣΧɢҶ֮ڣкѹЩװҽֻԶ̺
Ҷ⣬ǡþܽ
⼸㣬ȱһɡ
ȱκһ㣬κһǰ˵ǿʵʮ
۷װĹֶΣɲ׹һ
һ֮ƺʥͿʼҶռװʬ֮еˣƺʥͻҶΧҶǿʼװ
ȻѾˣȥĸһ㣬ҶҲν
ȻҪҶƣһٶװޣĺ鱦׹ڣӦþͿһö֮ˡ
׹ͿԳ׵ĳԽƷƷһξ롣
ǣȴһ۷ҲܹɿƵƷƷǿصߣҲ޷Ĵ߶
ǳᦣȻƷֲκҶ޷߶Ҳǰ״
鱦׹֮

ϿǧˮlӡŷࡢG졢ա俺˸ʮľ룬ԶԶĴǸźɫȻһĺɫ
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Ȼģﵽĳ̶ֳ֮ҲữΪ棬üΪֲ
ΪҪǣ˾޴һܸǵľʮķΧ
ˣӴǿֲĴ
˵Ŀ͸࿴ۼ˸һööȱȫ·
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ңƿԿֲۼףӴһȻܡ
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ΪˣϷԵص㣬һΪѪС⣡̰ԣ̰Ѫʳ
ǣ̰ʳ֮ʣϲֻΪǿҪʳһԲʮ֮ڵڡ
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أҶɲǣӵɫ͵һ䡣


1072 ܸ
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ˣעȫҶƺʥϣǾȡ
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ҶĿǰ¥Уܹ˳ֽҶ棬ٻӭ
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ôᣬϷֻǾãλƺЩѰӵôһɲǵĲ˳ֵӦ
ޣҵϣѣǱĳЩ˰ƣҶٴЦ
ޣ˰㣿˭ܸϷʶʶϷǺΪѣӺҶĵ⡣
ܿϧֻܸһˣҶԡ
ǵĶԻʱΧñޱȣΧĿ·˱һĺ䡣
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ǣǼѱÿһ纣򣬾ûκջ񡣡
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ָ׹һԵ룬ͷ·һ㣬ſֲ֮˲Ϣ׷Ҷƺʥ


1073 ɱ
Գ룬Ӻˮںˮ֮ǰ˲ϢҶƺʥ˾
ҶһĿ֮һɫ͸Գ֮ϣ˲Ϣսɱȥ
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ۿžҪԳϣƺʥسͺȵܣ
ʮָţϰٵ׳ĺɫ֣شƺʥӿһɲǣƺʥȻֱӶı
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ϰٵ׳ĺɫһɲǼͽԳ
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ƺʥԳ룬Ȼ䱩˺ôϿ

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Ѫע֮࣬ˮٹ俺һֻˮ̣ô˻һ޴˿֮תȻƻ
˿ĸӦһ˳ڷٵš
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һݱƵȴǱƷķˮֱ̣ӺԵľ޴֮ڣתִ֮ͻֱӾͽԵʳ˷顣
ѪɲǣԸո˦ľβĴ¡
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ƿתʱԵͷ˿ȥʱ򣬾Ϳ俺ǱƷķˮ̣ٵĴԵĿǻ֮ͻƳ
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ͷǳɵĺҶ棡
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1074 Ǳ
ݣ
俺Ʒˮ̴صԾ޴Ŀǻзɳ·һתˮһ㣬֮Ҷ档
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ƺʥ۾ص˸ԲҶŭСģ
ŭɲǣ俺ƷˮѾˮתźҶؿڣһɲǣܺҶš
˲Ϣƺʥͼˣһз̫ˣ쵽κԮ֡
ҪǻκһˣƺʥҲǲġ
˵Ϊ׼ıôһǣ俺ˮƷġ
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˵ģӵвȱƵۣ˲õķ


1075 θ
ǰֻԣ֮ѪӵˣѪٵӣҲ԰
ǵۼףǿ˾ۣ֮ϣһƲȱĵơ
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⻹۴ķǾʦ֮Ƿ˵ʮһûκġ
֮⣬ԵѪҺҲ֮Ѫҩ壬С㾫Ӣ󱲵ı֮
ԵĹĺöԽǶϵ룬ĺñ
ȻģԵˡ
һսλУĹж٣ϷĹ۲죬˴նɱԣ򺣴ʥõĹϵջ񣬵ɣˮl˵
ɣ
һŷһ䣬¥˳ΪУܵľģҶջ̫ˡ
ɾŷԷԵʱˮlĿ⣬ȴǱֱŷ࣬ĿУ̺ż־֮⡣
ŷ¥֮к֮ƺţϺеϺ꣬һתˮl˼
ҶսռŭԣȷʵߣҲһջ֮ҶջȴżֲҶŷ˼
飬֪ͿˣԣŷҲûмƽϡ
ȻһǱֵ޴󣬵ȴҲûҪˮlͻ
£ŷ͵ͷˣϿˮlķ䡣
ս֮Уƺʥޣɶ룬ѻɶһ֮ջڵλÿ˿һջ񡣡
˵ˮlĿ⿴俺ٹŷ¥˿棡
˵ԭҲ̸ְֱֻɣˮl̬Բ
һŷǳ鴤˼£Ȼʹܽܡ
俺ǸʹͲ˵ˡ
˵նɱԵ޷ɣҲˡ
ɵջ˵ҲʮƷ龧ˣĿǰԣҲǲʲƵջˡ
ڣȴƾʧȥˣֻܸŷ˹ɡ
ʹͱˡ
ƵǣɵĴӦ
ûΪ¥¥ŷ඼ͷˣô
һʱ䣬俺ֻûޱȣⳡ֮УΪֹûԵһ
λϷƲϣʬ壬ͽϷɣ
˵ţſˮˮlͷɿķֽԵʬ塣
ģ˵˵αܿ俺ķˮ̵ģˮlֽϵĵڣƺʥ̲סѯҶ档
һ㣬Ǻޱȡ
ԣҶȴǵһЦ磬ҵǼˣ
ָǣƺʥһȻ
ûǧһ֮ʣҲֻüǰǵķ治Ǹǵġ
ӡţƷķˮ̺֮£ϱһӡѡҶһ̾
ʵʱ̣Ҷ滹һѡ񣬾Ǽ»ϵĳ»ܣǣ»ݵķʱ̣һԵģһι󣬾Ҫָܻ
ԣʱ̣Ҳ㹻Ҷ潫Ǹȡˡ
ǿֲķȴҶãպʱ䣬ˣӦþĽƳܽǵķȫչֳ
٣͵ĶܱãǾͺãƺʥЦ
ʦʱҩĶȥѪǣҲҩһ֣ԣʬˮlҲĿ졣
ʱĹ򣬾ʹˡ
ڼ䣬нͷѹЩѪζۼޡ
գˮlֽѪסǧǧ飬ͷСһš
ˮlǧʱ˵۾ֱˡ
ӵеƵ۰ǲʮ۶ѻһǷҲǼΪˡǧҲܹѻһǿ۶ۼҲûκ⡣
Ŀʱ俺ĳӶˣӵвȱƵƵ۶սףҲǼΪϡģãҲǼġ
ôװ俺սԿǿߣҲûж⡣
Ǵʱ俺ܽӻ࣬취
ȻŷɫҲѿ
ܹһۣ¥ŷһܹԳλҵĿԶԿǿߵĿߡ
ǴʱڣѾˡ
գҶһ˷ֵ۾ӵһǧ飬Ѫһǧǧף
ƺʥջҲǲ٣ҵľҪ俺ŷˣÿ˷ֵҲһǧ顣
ҵʦǿܹһ۶ܣʦˮƽԲЩˡ
һԵˮlⲻ÷ţˮlŵصˮl֮ᰴмչԵȻ˰ʱķ龧
ϷһֻԣˮlĿ⿴򷽲µıɫɺʱ˵Ŀһ
ĻԵҪˡ
൱Ǳɫɺ⣬Եһ⣬ֻǸθˡ
λһȥɺ⣬Ǻֱ
ʵŵȴʱ˵ĿⶼʱĴԶıɫɺ⣬ĺ档
ֻˮl̫ߣû˸ðŵΣǰӡ
ʱˮlһڣʱӿɺ֮ء
Χ۵ɲǣ˵飬ͬʱһ


1076 䧴
µλãһб¿ȥƵʯ̨ףʱϱࡢɳӡгڷ϶еˮ̦޺
ˮ̦޺׳£һƽʱֻһָϸҶˮݣʱȻܹ׿ֱһ
浽µйϵҶƣĺˮװһƿȥڻ꺣֮µߣǶˮ
ÿһ뺣ˮ֮У̺һƷ龧̺˶١
ʱʯ̨ףȫɫˮݶҲĿˣܿš
Ǳɫɺ⣬Ǵͨľͷ͸ġ
˻һۣС̤ǰ˼Ǳɫɺ֮С
ʱ˶ԡǱɫɺ֮Уˮlɫһ棬ҶУҲ¶һ˿
ɫɺ⣬Ȼ̺ŨŨ֮ޱȣˣҶĸо֮УȻ֮еɫ֮Щ
ҵƣ˿ڣڷɿĻָ俺ͻؾ
ǰԵս֮У俺ļͷԵβɨһ£ƿһɼǵĿӡ
ֻƤˣʵ俺˺ô
ԭ俺ĻָҲһʱ䣬˿ڲܸԭǰŵġ
Ǵʱɫɺ֮£俺ͷ˿ڣȻۿɼٶȷٵ
˵Ŀϡܹ俺ͷ˿ڴѿڷɿ䶯Ĺ˿ڱȽǳĵط٤Ѿѿ䣬˿ڴһӡ֮⣬
ҿҿǰԸտˣҪȻɫҫ£ԾɱĹո̾һ䡣
Ĺ俺ͷѾ׻ָˮlͨ˫ۣðž⣬ƺѾ֡
ǣȴһԡ
λһͨϷ֮ȴʩչˮl˵
һɲǣӿ긨䣬ˮҲ·εĴһת
֮ͨеľһˮݡ̦޺ʱͱи÷飬Ҳúˮûǲ
ƺʥָ΢ţ΢΢һգͨڻǵĺˮһһ׼ĴѹһĲݰƺʥǰͨڵĺˮʱ峺ޱȡ
Ÿ
һϹŸGָͨͷ
ͨͷԿһȳʰɫ̦޺ľ޴ţǰ˸һޱȵĽ硣
ʱǾ޴ţѾЩбǺޱȵ磬Ҳڲͣ˸ţƺһɲǾΪһ㡣
Ǳɫɺ⣬Ǵбĸ֮г˸ʱġ
ȻǱɫɺ⣬ǴǸ֮
о¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫ˭Ҳû뵽ˮl˵ԵȻһŸ
ңԶģ϶ϹŸرϹŸ
˵ģ¶ıɫɺ⣬ʲôⷢģǿɶǱ
ҪǣϹŸ֪ߵʲôı
ͨ£ߵջ϶٣ǰܹ̽ľ֮Уÿ˶Ӧջ
һãǻÿԵҲ˵׼ء
˶ϽˣȻϲСĽ䱸ʰ׶£ģԽ£̨Խࡣ
е۶ѣң˵ԸݶѴĺۼжϳѴ¾
еĶѴѾӿĺˮĥƽȻʱ伫ΪԶеģȥʼ
⴦ȥΪʵӦϷ츳ѪʱǴεصɵġˮl˵
۲ţѾ½еǺص֮ǰ
ʱ˲ܿȸߴ׵ľ޴ϱߣһ޴ҶģʱҶȴѾˤڵء
Ҷּϧнţ޷ϱߵ̦޺
Ϸͨ󷨣ȴ͸ǰɺ֧ţϷܹӦǰ󷨽֮Уٻϰٵڵ¥¥ŷ۲һ֮󣬸Ե
ҲΪ̫֮࣬»ײص׾𣬴Ӷ󷨵𻵡
ǰ⸮ŵ𻵣Ҳйأ
Ҷ濴ŷ࣬ĿһٸŷһΣյıǩͨ󷨡
ŷԼ˵ͨ󷨡Ӧǫ֮ԡ
ңƾⲿĹ۲죬ܹϵĸӦǰһ֧֣ԲǴͨǾͨˡ
ҶŷУպŷཻսעһ档
󷨴ʦ࣬ÿһ󷨴ʦǿʤǿڡ
¥ĺŷ಩ѧţȻ鴫ԭһصˮlͻرЦ֪ŷ¥֮
˵ĿҲһɲǿŷ࣬һڴ
ڳȻͨ󷨣ƾĺأҲܿóǿ󣬶һٶص޷ƿĴ
ڴĿУŷҡҡͷ˵ģһ³
Ʋǰ磬ϹŸǰ׷ˡ
ڵص֮ϣ㹻ǰ⻤ֻҪĵʱ䣬ܹƿģ⺣ǧϷ֮Ҳ޴ʹŷ˵
ˮlüͷһ壬ˣҪһˣ
ǵҲڣǰ⻤ϷҲ޼ƿʩǰ⻤ȴĶ࣬©ϷֻҪλƿһڡ
ŷĻ鶸һϲ
ڳˣҪŷ־ܰţˮl˵
ŷĿһɨɨҶʱ΢΢ͣһ£˲ϢҶһö߶ϵĸо
Ҷ澯֮Ĵʢ֪ŷ᲻ͷԸ
һɲǣŷָɳ㵭ɫ⣬ʱ򣬾ͷ·һ㣬ĸϡ
ĸ㣬ǰӿɫɺĵط
ƺ֡ڵλֱվϷ֮Ϸ֮ʱȫǴɣŷ˵
ȻûҶЩ⣬ǰʱҶȴСվˮl
λ׼ŷͻȻ߳һ
ҲͬһɲǣŷǰʱǱƷ굶س֣ɫĵâ͵ؾնǰ硣
ʱǡ˸֮ʱıɫɺӸ㱼ӿ
ŷʱյļãҲ˿ǿһɲǼǰ֮С
¡¡
һɲͻȻ˹λõ磬ͻȻ;ޱȵУŷطѷ죬ʼٵ˲Ϣ˿һͨĿȡ
ŷִһ⣬ѷγһ磬סˮɲǣŷ͵ȳ˽֮С
ٽѷ죬ֻܱʮϢ
ŷĺɲǼ䶼˼£˽֮ڡ
ҶҲǽˮl֮С
˽֮󻹲Ϣ⻪һ˸ոƿѷ죬غ£
ͬһʱ̣ЩļGѾڵϵҶϵɳ̦޺ɾ
ĸǳһϳĴ֣¶˳
䧴أ¥¥ŷһһٵ


1077 俺쳣
Ϸϵû壬ӦϹһְɣõ֮֮УдѾʧˣˮlָҶ˵
ԣ¥¥ŷˮl˴Ĵָѧ
ȵţϷֻǿϳдѣ㣬ȴһϳаˮlЦ
˵ĶԻ俺աGҶ˲ɵ۷Ź⡣
ҶϹ͵ģǰ䧴أϹŸˡ
λȲˣǻǽɣЦţˮlȴǽڵϵҶս˴ָ֮УλϷһֱоϹ֣Ҷ͹Ϸɣ
˵ţˮl˫ƣĸ֨Уȴűƿ
Ŷɲǣıɫ⻪شӴϣͱˡ
ʱ޺ˮһĿƺอĻܶɲ١
ͬһɲǣˮlѾϲʤҩ㣬ҩ㣡ɳΣϻɳεϢʮ˽ڵĵػƣʮ˽ڵĵػϢ
ˮlÿһαӣܱһҩÿһҩݼΪ˵ҩ
һ߾ˮlѾ󲽵鸮֮С
ȻΪϲˮlǷǳСĵģƺʥҲҶСĵ顣
䧴أһۿͷͷǻ뵵ıɫ
䧴شļΪ룬һֱĴԳ˸Ƶľʮ˺ϱ
ԣһµҩԣǶ˴ԭҩҩҳһ֧ҩǶǼǧݵҩ
ÿһҩˮlΪ˷ܣGһҩȴˮlסˡ
λҪɣȲҪɣҩҪǲƵõϷǷλһ飬ҩ֮̽Ǿ֣ԸϷģϷ߼չ
ǼȻܹΪ䧴أӵеı;Բֻҩô򵥣ŷЦ
ŷ£˳ǰ̽
ͻأҶЩ죬ڵһɵɵĻսף͸סҶȫ
ô˵Ŀ⣬ؿҶ档
λûһֱӸУôоڱ˿ӣҲֹһڿӣоƺǱϰٵĿšҶ澪ȵ
˿ӣ񾭹ɣGӦһ£Цһˣ˿ӣ
Ϊͣ־
˵ûϷҲֱ˿ӵĸоֻûҶ˵ôǿҰˣ
ӿһܣͻرþޱȡ
һ仰Gһ˸ͨ졣
ողҶ棬û뵽¾ͱӸ϶ˣӵжϣɡ
GЩ˿ӣⲻ̫
Сģ


ˮlŷľһɲǶ쳹ƿҲһɲ쳹䧴ء
Щʮ˺ϱһۿͷĲͻȻǻ˹һ㣬ǧ֦·𳤱һ㣬ǵص˳˹
ɲǼ䣬ܲͨǧŴǻ˹һ㣬ϡŹֵĹй
ֱӷ·һܹģܵɲǷ·Сһɽƶִ׳֦֦˹
ֲǣӵص·צһˣ⧲֮£˶˸ţĹ̶ԭء
ǲܰѣǵص֦ʱͽ˺
ʱ˵սߵǿˡ
һٽţƵĸʹѣīӺӿϵĸѸٱī֭һˮ
ŷǵѣ絶ˮƺʥӿŵĸ˲ϢϿ
ɵģȴҪҶ桢ˮlGˣӿʱɻҡ
෴ģ俺˾ͱȽϳԿˣŭ֮£ǿ˴ӵص׳˸롣
ͬһɲǣˮlҲΪʹĵľСҩλСҩҪҩ
ϧǣǵسȴˮlĻ
ʱɱʼ
սոտʼվգǧ֦ǽӽȣ㱻һľһġ
ܿģ˾ʶǰЩĿֲ
ɱ
ȻɱЩѹҲЩı壬ǵغ֦նһһ
ϵĸҲһٻһܳµ
ڽͨ״̬µҶ棬ĸӦǱɫĹ⻪ڷٵصףɫĹ⻪֧ţǧ˲ϢͿŪģĹˣҲָ
ҪǣԶ̹˸ڷٵۼ
Уɱȫĸɾ¥¥ŷȵ
ҳŲסˣҪ
ƵƵյһͳȺ֮У˸˼£ʧԶ
״΢΢һ㣬ͷӦ˹׷ھУչ䧴صԶ
ˮlȴƵֱš
ʵŲճŲȥˣֿѰ
䧴߿϶бǣ˾ۼһ𣬾Բ̫ջ񣬾˸뿪
뿪һһ㣬ƾԶ
ЩĹȻֲֻҪΧƾҲǿԳȥġ
ĵܣȥѰ»лӵɡƺʥҶԺ
ͬʱˮlҲ̾һˣλѰɣλջҩ۸Ϸ򣡡
ҶһȼյĵһԶ
һ·֮κһʹİ
ҶֱֺײǰʽҪϼ֣ܿģŰĴΧ˺󷽵ĽȺ֮С
ͻأԶˮɫĹ⻪΢΢һţ˲Ϣͳ˽ȺԶ
ҶĿ⣬ȴ΢΢һ
ľ֮Уˮģһλֱ˵ƺʥӡ俺
ӵȴеĺˮƺʥˮȴһֺɫΨ俺ˮ
仰˵ǰˣ俺
һҶ׷ȥ
俺֮ǰǲһɱʱҶҪû뷨ܡ
һɲǣҶ͸˿޴ڵˮ֮ϣٵʮ﷽Բ
ⲻǰɱ俺ΧΣҲһĿȻ
ǣʱ俺龹Ȼȵ˷ܣ·ȷĿһ㣬ö࿴ȥǳĹһŲ߹հƵķٵ롣
ѵС֪ʲô
֣ҶùŹ֮࣬Ҳֱӷ̽Ķ俺
ҲҶܹϢĸˮ֮ϣҪȻ涢ס⹬Ⱥ֮߹հƵ俺
Լ׷˰ӣƹ˼ټ乬֮俺Σ͵һǰͣ
ԼǴҶϵֵʱҶ鶸һ俺Ȼ⣡


1078 Ҷ
ͨ
һǳŹֵĵ
俺ʱͣΪͨĴǰһ˷ܣ֮Ϊ˫ðҲΪ
俺ϲʱڣ俺Ҳȥ
Ϊͨ£ȴһ磬Ҳ䧴ΪĸĴ
ͨ⸲ǵ磬ȴƳΪֻҪʾõ磬Ƿʵ硣
ֻҪǿд룬󷨵ߣϾͻ֪
ϣⲼ֮⣬ڲ磬־磬ҪǷֹ͵͵Ǳѡ
ͨ£ܹƻôߴ粼õǿҲûжô罫ע뵽֮С
˵־磬Ҳֽģһķ
ԣʱ俺Ѿ߶ǱƷķˮ̣ʼͨľ硣
Ҷ棬ȴڷٵĽӽš
ٽͨʮʱҶ涸طٶȡ
ҪҶ±俺֣ȻҶ俺
Ҷʱյս治俺
ʱ˿̣俺ģ俺֪ʲôҶ뿴俺ڸʲô˵֪ʲô
ϾҶ䧴һ֪䧴ʲôҲһ֪
ǣи俺˵ͻлᡢǻı
ͨľ粢ǿ俺Ʒķˮֻ̣ǺΣͽˡ
⻹俺Ķˣŷˮԭ
俺һ˷ܵĳͨڣҶٵĽӽ֮󣬱ǱȥȻٰй۲俺֮ͨУʲô
ϧǣҶֻŶ棬Ҳ޷صװ֡
ص׳֮⣬Ǻķ·һľֱӽҶ溧һ亹Ҫöݽȥģ
Ǳ벻УҶϢ߶һȥ̽俺ж
ҶԾǣͨĴű俺ϣⲿȻһεĽ硣
һ赲ν硣
һ˲ķ֣ҶһֱŶĳ嶯
ͨ⸲磬̫ϡ棬һ·Ҷ䧴ڷֵĸĴҲʮ䡣
ǣһ赲ν磬ȴ֤һ¡ͨҪߵĶǳҪ
ҶеĻ˧ĴУĻ˧ĴȻû̫֮Ҳἰԡ
磬ǳѣҪĲϷǳ
ԣҪĵط᲼硣
õĻ˧ֲεĴڶΪĲϣж
Ҫǣĳ֣֤䧴صˣκܸߣ㲻ǵĻ˧ǸεĴڣҲ˶١
һ֤䧴ϹŸͬʱҲ֤ͨҪ
һУֻһɲǼҶԺе뷨ѡ
Ϊʶһ㣬ҶŶ롣
գҶ滹סˡ
һҶ뿴俺֪ЩʲôҪҶпͨεķ
ǰȻ赲ӣΪһƣȴ޷赲롣
Ϊϡ٣ˮȴǷǳĳ棬еˮľйϵ
ԣҶˮ֮ϣͿɵĿӵڵΡ
˵ô࣬ʵҲôһɲǶѡ
俺ͨڻûϢʱ䣬ҶѾˮ֮ϣƮͨڡ
ʱͨڵΣһĿȻ
ͨڵΣЩŹ֡
мһһ˸ߵɢɫľһʲľܱߣǰ˸ҪСϺܶľơ
ڲ˼ɫ⻪ǰ˸ľƣƮڵϡ
мǸľйɵ˸⻪˸ƮľƣҲһһġ
Ӧ˵ľƲ̫Ծ
ͶϷľϣʱǧɫĹڷ˸ţЩɫĹ㲻ͣ˸ţʱǿʱżôɫĹ㳹׵ʧ
һУȴǿҶһͷˮ
෴ģ俺ʱվмľǰһĿϲ֮ɫϲ֮࣬
Ȼط¼ϼأȻģ֮ǰΪǴ˵ҪˣҪˣҳȥٺ١
俺ѾһޱȵĿ״̬ȻܣֵȴǷǳзִ硣
֮俺ͻȻޱȰϢʵʵɫ⣬ʼɿ俺ۡ
Ȼ俺ͽɫ֣ͨĵ˸ɫ⻪ľ
״ҶĿⶸһ֪Ӧ俺Ҫֻĺôˡ
һҶͨڣֹ俺
йٴ̽ظҶ棬ЩôǱǰˣǾͺһˡ
ʱֹ俺
ҲҶƿͨŵɲǣ俺ɫ֣ʹмľ֮ϡ
ʱľ֮Ⱪǣһǿޱȵɫ⻪֮嵹
ǹϢ֮ǿҶ涼һ
飡
俺˱߸ߵĵǹǿޱȵֱӳ俺ڡ
ʱ俺һ̶ļУԴﰧ
̤ͨҶ棬ȵķ֣ôһ£俺ΪܵشѪ
俺׼ġ
ҺţһɫʻҺɫϢҶֱӱ˿Уһͨҽ֮俺ܴ꣬ҶĸӦУȻٵĻָ
Ҷݣ
Ҷͫһо¶ҶҲû뵽俺Ȼּҩ
ҶݣһַǳҩֻһЩǿ츳޸ˮ
ŷǳЧҲǺüֿƵҩҩ
ţ
ǰ俺ΪܴûзҶĴ룬ʱȴƺҶľҶҩ俺ЩѵĻͷȻ۾͵
俺۾ɴҶǰַֽ׷ϣڶ
俺ң俺ĹؽھԷס
俺ֱ֮УҶֱӰ俺Ĵָ
Ҷ棬ˮٹңŭ֮£俺ƺʧȥǡ
Ҷû˵һʵʵɫⶸشӶͷֱӺ俺öָ
俺һٴη˼Ĳҽ
һΣڻؽڱж俺뱧ͷҲûκΰ취ɸһ㣬
ȴҶֱӱٵ俺Ĵָ֮һӡ俺ָٴܴ
Ĵָ֮УȻһҶݣƾҶݣջ񣬾ֵˣһɨ俺ĴָҶЦˡ
㡭
俺˵ʲôҶޱȵɽһѹ俺ʺ֮ϣ俺ͨڵľʲô飿


1079 Ŵ󸣵
Ҷ棬㡭֮ΣֶνܣҲ
˰ɣ俺㵱СΪʢܷ㣿俺˵꣬ҶЦ
ѹ俺ʺϵٴһһ棬Ϣĳȥ˰磬Ѫʱͺ
ͿˣҶЦ
ҶĿǰֶΣҲ㲻֣Ƕ俺ԣʱ罬
ѪţѪ΢΢пһСڵܴǺ俺ܵǰδев
¾ĿǰԣЩƲʲô
俺ȴֻҪҶԸ⣬ɲǾҪС
ңţҶɱɡ
˵֮ǰҶֳ֮ͻԹ˵ڶԸһŪֽţ㹻Ҷɱˡ
οϹŸ̽ˣҲϢģκ˻Ҷйء
˶ģ˳ɰǧȺ֮С
£ݱǿҲҶβκ壬οˮٹݣҲܹȵҶ򺣴ʥݡ
ԣȨ֮£俺ͺܹĵ˵ͷ֪ʲô
Ҷ俺һĴָ֪ľܣУҸ֪Ϊʲô뿪֮󣬾ֱͨ
ǲ֪䧴أҶ׷ʵ
ԣ俺ȴˣң뿪֮ڸң
ɻ֮£俺ȴһĲ⣬ⲻܰҺСĵİҵһֱҵķΧ߹հƵģ㲻ܡ
ûʲôܵģҶ΢΢һѹٴδ俺ĻҲϻֻ֪𰸣
Ҫ֪ҵ޵ģѻҲȸ¸ӵֱӣҶȵ
ѻꡯ֣俺ֱӴһæĿſЦ˵ܲһ˵㡭
˵
ľ߾ʲôʵҲ
ˢһҶٴѹ俺ʺ֮ϣҪҶѻꡭ
𣬱𼱣˵ꡭʱ俺Ѿȫûһ˿һٹȣжޣʱѾʼˡ
Ҷǿˣ俺ǸݽɫȴִСƴĻ
һ𰡣𼱣
ֱ֮ͨΪˮǧ֮ǰʹļ¼ˮ֮УǷ¼ֻйٹʸ񿴡
߼صĶʵҲʲô˲õܣһЩϹŵĴ˵
˵ź֮УоŴ󸣵ء
Ŵ󸣵أѾеѾĵòˣˮˮһȪǰ˵ܹ۳һˮƹʮһζûм
ҲǾŴĸ֮һ˵ܲ˵ҲǾŴ󸣵֮һŴ󸣵أ󲿷ֶѾг֮Ϊٵģᵺȡ
ȵȣ˵ܲ
ģ
ΪʲôܹΪأʲô֮Ҷͻز廰ʵ
ģһ治֪һֱ˵߻ܣ˵ֻомλ˳֪
ΪʲôܹΪأҲ̫˵֮ϣģҾͲ֪ˡ俺˵
ҶĶ俺ͻȻһֽ俺ѻĳ嶯俺һ֪Ļ治ٰ
Ҳǣ俺ΪˮٹˮҲ֮ϴмΪԶ֮һ𴫳֮˶ҪԶĶࡣ
ѣˮĴУм¼صģҲǧꡣ
俺ٹ֪֪
ѻĻ㶪ʧһļ䣬ջҲǺܴ
ƺǲҶĶ⣬俺͵شһս֮࣬æ˵
Ŵ󸣵֮У󲿷ֶѾȴ󸣵һֱδˮļУ󸣵ص֣һֱδ󸣵أһ䧴ǰ䧿ء
麣ۣ麣Ϊأ֪ʲô֮ˮûκμء
䧴أˮڣȴһЩϵļء俺˵
ʲôأҶ׷ʵ
ǵΣŴ󸣵嵺һۣ֮ڵĽ֣ǧ֮ǰһġ
˵ľŴ󸣵أϹ֮ʱƬ˽йԣڵĽֲࡣ
Щˮ½˲ٽû䣬ԣܺܿҵͨ
ޣͨڣʲôҶʵ
ԣ俺ȴãȻҡҡͷ治ˮļ֮Уֻ˵ͨ䧴֮أгһܹ䧴һҪһʱڿͨпܻ䧴صĿȨ
ڴ֮ǰһֱݼصһЦûŹû뵽Ȼķ䧴ء
ԣڽ֮һлᣬҾֱ俺˵
飬ҲˣԼûɣˣҪȻҲˡ俺¶һ顣
Ҷ˼俺˵ģƺ
һɲǣҶָţ俺Կϣ֮ʣϾͽ俺ѻ˼
ģŵ俺
Ҫ
ҪҶ棬򺣴ʥʥҪ
ʥʥүүҪɱңȫ˵ˣȫ˵ˣ俺ŵüΣɷɷ׵ġ
Ϊߣ̫ѻĺˡ
üʹ࣬ң
һ˿ۼϡ
㻹ƭң
Ҷһ㷽ľ֮ǰ׼ҶݣҲ׼õġ
˵֪ľ飬Żд׼ģ˵㵽ʲôҶŭ߳
俺ǣȴǸһ˿ЦԭΪˣ
ԸӦһ£ҪýӴֻӦһ£ܹΪʲô׼Ҷˡ
ţ
Ҷȥɲǣͻһ
俺ԣֻҪȥܹӦľ̺֮ź
ҵʱſľ֪Ҳˣ׼Ҷݣ׼ƴˣҲҪ
û뵽ոҶݣͽˡ俺һľɥ
⵹ǣ
Ҷͷ俺ͷһɣ㿴ɣ˵ûƭ㣬;ûƭ㣡
ţô˵ͨ䧴ص˽⣬Ѿȫ˵ˣûκˣҶʵ
俺صĵ˵ͷһ˿һأУҲú
ܺã
Ҷǣͻظһ˿̵Ц⣬ģٴθ俺Կǡ
Ȼˣھ·ˣ˵Ļʹķϣѻ֮ʱһ㣬ᾡĸһʹ죡
˵ţҶĵͷ·ͻһ㣬俺鸮֮С
俺һ㣬;ֵĴҪܣҶ棬㲻ܣӦҵģ
㲻ܰ
ҲҪȵȣܣҶ棬֪һ¹ܣܣһ
֮£俺ѾЩ״ΣȴҲɹҶֹͣѻĶ


1080 벻ڼ
ܣ¹ĴܣҶ俺
俺ȴСһĵͷҶһ˾ͽѻ˳군ģ֪
Ҳ²¿
Ҷѻ֣Ц
˵¹ĴܣǲǸ¥¥ŷйأ
֮䣬Լ
Ҫһأ
ϷϵĶ˵㱨ꣿҶʵ
ԣ俺͵ͷûȷʵˣµģֻһС֣
һС֣Ҷٴһ
ŷź֮Ҫأ϶ֻһˣֻҪǸҲԾģ¶磡ȻҲʵ֮ۡ
G
ֱӣ
գ
⼸λһаɣ
ɷ˵Ҳᡣ˵Ķ𣿡Ҷʵ
俺ٴصĵ˵ͷƲӦȫԣҹ˵ǼˣпҲյ롣
ǣһܹؼĵطȴƲˣ
ܹؼĵطҶͷ˼һ£Ȼ̧ͷʵʲôط
ԣһε俺ѧˣҲѧˣҶѯʣȴǲŻش
򺣴ʥֻҪ㷢Էһ·Ҿͽؼ㣡俺
Σ
Ҷһٴθ俺ĺףʼ£һҪѻļơ
Ȼ俺ҲҶڿȴĵɿӦԣΪһСģʧȥľСҶ棬һСʧѡ
ⲻ
£俺ٴμʥϢŭʥϢŭ
ʥֻһ㿪㵽ôܷһ·ֻҪȷһ·ʲôԴӦ俺ĵ
ţ
ʲôԴӦģ
ԭѾ¶Ҫ俺ѻԾ󻼵Ҷ棬ͻȻͱ俺仰ˡ
ģֻҪʥܸһ·ҪҵΪʲôҶܴӦǽҳˮҲνҿԷԣ俺˵
ҶȴЩ俺Ϊ˻ʲô¶ܹɵó
Ҷ滹ϲ
ΪҪȥһū
ūſ꣬öҵ꣬ҵūҾܹһ·Ҷ˵
ôһϢ俺ͻؾū⡭ⲻܣҵݣôܸūôź˵ū
ѾշüūҶԣ俺ַӦӦƽ
ҲǴū֮ѡߵԭ
ΪߵϣǾԲȥźˡһūġ
ݵ̫ˡ
飬Ҷ浱շ³ɷһΡ
׵ģĵó˵һͨ
ģһ俺еɻ
Ȼ
ã˲ˮиоź򣬴ѵòŮǡңڵ㣬Ҷԣ÷ǳ
ܳһʱڣǾԲ㱩¶֮Ĺϵģ룬һأ
ҲǱˣϸ룬ͻҵ˼ԾԿƵūıˡҶ˵
Ҷ˵俺治Ǳˣ˼˼Ϣ̧ͷ
ʥ˼ǽҳûڶԸһߣȻ㰵ͨϢֿǰɣ俺ʵ

Ҷ俺˴Ĵָ
Ҷʱ俺һһԭΪǽ俺Ϊūüֱ񣬼ֱȻ˻ɵڼ鰡
ǰҶ俺ֳͻ˵նɱʱ俺ж֤վһӪġ
ȴûκ뵽ڽ䧴ض̶̵Ĳʱʱڣ俺ݣȻᷢرı仯
Ժŷ˷֮©ϢôҲỳɵ俺ϡ
һܣҶһЦĳ嶯
պŷ֪俺֮еڼʱ򣬻ʲôһֱ飿
ôΪūԼѡɣҶȵ
ʱ俺ȴǱޱȵСģʥܲȷԣҳΪū֮㲻ܰҵĵء
ãڻּۻ۵ʸãҶԣһߵļūãһٹã
պֺãҾΪˮĹҲûпܣҶ˵
俺еľ⿪ʼ˸һ֮ͻؾͺţһٹԱһūãƾ仰ūˣ
ãſ꣬˵ɣסһ˿һĲԸ⣬򣬲޷ɹ꣬ҲʹɢҶ˵
俺ٴκݺݵĵ˵ͷ
ҶѾᳵ·ҶΪԽԽǿҲԽԽɣֻҪԷϣûκʧܵĿܡ
ΨһҪǵģߵв
ˮһɢɲǣҶһ̽俺֮С
һ֮俺ţĲҽҲҶٴγɹҲҶһλսǿĸߵū
˵ǣһ֮ڣûǰţӦ䧴ؼ󡢶ٵԵʡ
ɹҶԵľʹؿڹħ֮гʮֻħĻָ俺ƣ俺Ҳָ߰˰˵ġ
ֶΣ俺ˣ˷ܲѡ
һɲ俺ޱȵĲҽ
ҶֱӴ߶֮еĽȸ俺һ
סԺҪǸҽҵۿۣҶܽǣֻҪµٲĺôҶŻ£һ԰׵俺ȵ
ǡһ񡭡ϵ俺һʹࡣ
ˣɣƺԺǰˣǰôžôţ㻹ˮٹ俺
ңУҶ棬ôԾô룬ôôӦװɣҶ˵
Ϸģף֪ô仰俺һֻҪ㣬ԺлͷͷǷŵĸ俺Ҳֵõġ
׾ͺãڣ԰ѷǸؼ֮˵˰ɣҶʵ
ϣʵ󲿷㶼¶ˣֻһ㣬֮˴ˣǹͬԸˣӣ¥¥ŷ࣡俺˵
ӣҶü
ûӸŷ˶̬ȣгͻģ俺˵
ʲôͻ
ŷ̬Ⱥܼ򵥣ֻҪŪϣ´󼪣ǽӣƺһҪϣԣ˲ôϡ俺˵
Ҷ˵ͷҲõϢлᣬ˵ܹһ
˵ţҶȴֽĿͨĵľˣľһ£㻹û
ûУ
ûУûƭϣ俺ͷҡø˹һ㡣
ûоͺãſڣһҵҪ⾿ʲô飿
ҶĻأƻָ߰˰˵俺ͨſڣҶ棬ɫ⣬ĸмľ


1081 ͨ
ҶµɫӴľɲǣҶʱ͸Ӧһǿľ֮ĴܳҶɫ⡣
ʱǸոձҶū俺ҲֽϣСģ
俺ǱҶΪū֮俺СȫϵҶˣҶ俺û£Ҷˣôһ俺ūɡ
ԣ俺ֵĽš
俺СҶ
һУԺɵʮľ壬ǣͬһУͬһУȴһ嶼޷
ʱ俺ľ壬Ҷɫ⣬塣
һ֮²һҪ俺С俺˵ǹǿҶɫǰȴٵš
Ҷ潣ͨ״̬µȴӦǰľڵĸոĵȻڷɿĻָš
Ͻ֮ǰֵͨ磬һͺܺýˡ
ּ亱귨ҪȻľĵܷɿĻָ
Ӧһ㣬ҶͲٴηĻˡ
ۻɫͷˮһעľ֮Уʱͽľ֮صһЩӡǸݻˡ
ʶġ˵ǱܵģҶֱľԸӡǡ
ҶӡľɵɲǣһһŹֵϢͷ·ˮһӿҶĻ꺣֮С
ʱҶΪ֮һ
ϣ״俺̽Ҷһ䡣
Ҷûд𻰣ǽӿԺ֮еĿȥЩҵϢһ¡
Ϣ֮Ҷ۽ϣظ־֮ɫ
˷ۣͨͨ
ǰͨڵĹŹ󷨣Ϊ˷ͨ󣬶мɢűɫ⻪ľ˷ۣͨΪͨ鱮
󷨱ûʲôҶ澪ǣȴ󷨱á
ͨ飡
ͨ顣
ҶԺϢƾͨ鱮Ϳ˽Ϳ䧴ء
ͬ俺֮ǰ˵ˮļҪڵһʱͨܻ䧴صĿȨ
ƵĸӦþͨۡ
ҪۣͨͨҪһƬķܿơ
Ҷ俺˵䧴ֻϹλ˵йѣͨﶼǰŹƹܡ
ܼһߣǾģԣͨ۵ķͨ鱮֮Уʹһݡ
ʱҶٶת鷨
鷨ֻһľķѣѣϢҶͿתˡ
һɲǣҶ水տ鷨֮зͨ鱮
ܳ
ƵĵһɲǣҶ滹̲סıһֿڣͨ鰡
һŵ俺ȴֱԺˣô£
ôͨ鷨
Ҷת鷨סͨ鱮ɲǣ䧴ڵ龰ʱ˺ֵĳҶĻ꺣֮С
䧴Σһһľʮǵ֡
һɲǵʱ䣬Ҷҵ˽䧴صˣ¥¥ŷࡢӡGˣִλƺڿѰʲô
ƺʥһڲһ;Գɻҵǰ̾Ϣ
ɷĶԸϰֲֻƵƵͻΧͻȥ
ԶĹȺתơ
˵ģҪˮlˡ
ʱһȺΧչŲǣÿһչŲˮlܽԻҴҩսȥһꡣ
ÿսȥһҩˮlϵʹϧͻһ㡣
̣
ˮlһƻֱӽһ׵ĸϵջ٣ҶĸоһͣǸо۾סһ㡣
һɲǣҶִһ嵽ˮl
Դˣˮlȴ˿ûв
Ϊʲô
ʵҶ淽ʶıֿڵĸԭ
ΪTMͨ鰡
ۣͨͨͨߵӽǣȻ޵쵽䧴ÿһŲľط
ӽǰĿ
ֻҪҶԸ⣬䧴ÿһСݡÿһŴÿһ֦䣬ܹΪҶ۾
Щ֦ҶԳΪҶ۾
ֲãˮļУͨǿ䧴ص֮أƾһ㣬Ѿֵˡ
ǣܹǳɵյ䧴ÿһĶֻ˷ͨá
˷ֲͨǡͨ飡
Щľͨ飬Щľֵĵˡ
ҶǸոս䧴Щҩݡľȵȣʵȫ䧴صѡ
Ҷ˴Ҳҿͨû֣Ҫ֣䧴أܹΪ׵ء
ǼǧݵҩݵĿĿֲ
ͨ鱮дϢҪЩľͨ顢Ȼͨ󷨿ˣͨ鱮ɲˡ
Ҫͬʱ߶˿ͨľƲܴ֮¡
ͨ鱮ϵİ˿ͨľƣֱ䧴ڰ˸Ļľ
ͬʱĻľͿߵܹͬʱƼͨľˡ
ͬʱҪͨ飬Ҫһƪͨ鷨ͨ鱮֮Уȴûмء
մǰͨ鱮ͬҶƣǰ˿ͨľڣ˵ͼͨ鷨ء
һҶɫȻٴγˮһӿ֮ǰͨ鱮һ㣬Ѹٵӿͨľ֮УɿҶӡǡ
ҶϣӡµɲǣһϢˮһӿҶĻ꺣֮С
Ҷ΢΢һܿʹһϢ֮ҳһƪԿЩľͨ鷨
ͨ鷨ȻЩѣѲҶ棬ܿͿתˡ
һɲǣҶͰͨ鷨еļأȥЩЩľ
Ϣ֮Ҷˡ
ûκηӦ
δ߶ͨ鷨ȷЩľϵΣȴ޷ͨ
˵ǿȥսˡ
ѾɾͨĻľûκηӦ
ô£
Ȼͨ鱮ܹʱ˽䧴ÿһĶôͨľƵãӦġ
Ϊʲôȴ޷ͨأ
֮࣬Ҷ潫ĿͶ˵ڶͨľơ
編֮£ܿģҶڵڶͨľ֮ӡֵǣڶͨľ֮УȻ˴ϢһƪһͨľڴĲһͨ鷨
һ֮ҶԴͻӿһ뷨᲻ͬʱư˿ͨľ֮󣬲ܹͨ鷨ܹЩľͨȻȥս
һˣҶ߶˰ӵĹ򣬷ɿĽʣͨľƸӡƿˡ
һ֮ǰͨľһ㣬ÿһͨľڣһƪȫͬͨ鷨
ܿģһ֮ҶԺУͳ˰ƪȫͬͨ鷨
ƪȫͬͨ鷨ͨһ֮Ҷ飬ͻȻסˡ


1082 ľͨ
ҶϰķȻ˵ҲˣⷽҲǺо顣
Ҷͨ˴Ӱ˿ͨľ֮лõĲ֮ͬҶ淢ֻ֣Ҫ֮ǰͨ鱮лõһƪ鷨ϡ
ٽӰ˿ͨľ֮лõĲͬͨ鷨ͬ˳УȻܹһƪķ
ңһƪķ֡
֣Ҷɻ󡪡Ϊʲô޷䧴ڵĻľȥս
ƪϹŷΪľͨ
Ҷ޷ưͨ鱮ĽܿЩľȥΪսԭ򣬾Ҷ沢ûľͨ
ֻľͨľȥЩͨľơľͨԣܿЩľȥս
ǷҶʧܵԭ
˽⵽ԭ֮Ҷȴǲɵһϲ
Ҫ˯ͷ
ΪҶƻҪ͵鸮鸮С֮жȱľ
Ϊ츳ѪܶʱҶľԵĹ
ΪսҶ۽Ҳĸߣһ׹ҶѾȥۣϣȴһЩϡĵţ߲ܲķš
ôöûҵҶ滹ʵڲУͰνЩӵռ⼸ľԹ֮Уҳһ
ǰʱҶ滹ڳ縲ʥһѶæܱѰһʵľԹ
û뵽ոս䧴أҶͻԵɺϵĵõⱾϹŷľͨ
ϣֻҪϹŷ;Բˡ
ľͨõطɱУǿģȴͨ
ֻҪľͨľľ֮ϣʱͿΪʩߵ۾
ңֻľͨһ̶ȣǿһľܹ㻯
ЩھԶϹľһָ㻯Ҳͻõһǿ󡢼ĵս顣
ľͨһ̶ȣһͿɽɽܣ˵ޱȡ
ҪǣľͨľľˣЧѡ
һ̶ȣ˲Ϣ֫Ҳʲô⡣
ľͨЩԣҶ˷쳣ˣ۷лŲǿӦ֮
һɲǼ䣬Ҷ;ˣľľͨˡ
ľͨȴףҪһľĵرһ˿ľ
һ㣬ҶȴǲҶʵһӵľĵرҲʲô̫ѵ飬Ϳĵʱˡ
ϣǣ
俺СһѯʣЩϲҶ档
ţҶæʵ
ϣﴦ֮ʱ·俺˵
ţ·Ҷ鶸һݣôû˵ģƾ֣ͨҲֵ̽һˡҶЩ⡣
ԣ俺ȴǺٺһЦĪ֣·Ϊϰȫ½֣֮¾ĵĳȥͨҶժȥ
˭·ϸ۲ĻͻΪǼͨҶûƫѣϣġ
ҶһӦȻҶѾժȥҶĵطҲһ㴦
㵹ǹġ
俺һƲͻЩԳ˵˰Ҫó͵ҵһΪĸٱɽ˲ݣı󱨳
ڶʦǾž޵Ĵʦ֡Ҳˮǰٹľ̳¶һԶҩΪ˻Ҵʦ¶ơ
Ψһͬģÿ춼ʦµĽҩʦûУԣҳٹȻûжȨٻڡ
ڣҵͷ϶˸Լѣܹȥܹޱȡ
ڻȥһ㣬Σ
俺ⷬȴҶһ£ⱳϢܴ󰡡
㻹˵ÿһλǿ߱һˡ˻ʹεĹ¡
俺ԣΪ˻ǲס
ܹ俺һλصߣΪʲôܹ׾ٵ
俺뱲ӣһֱΪ˻
ҲǸйµˣĹ£ûȤһ㣬ҿԱ֤úøҰ£ұ֤ܻúǰϡҶ˵
뿪ˣţлᣡ俺Ц
״ҶҲ˵ٴν̽мͨ鱮֮У۲˵ĶԼ䧴ڵ龰
Ҷã˷ʲôôҶϹȥժӣƺһܲѡ
ϧǣÿ˶Ѱңˮl⣬ƺûʲôջ
ˮlջȴһݺҩ
Ҷ治ֻҪͨڹ۲죬ʼлġ
۲컹˵Ҷһϸ۲죬ͷ˼㲻ͬѰ֮
˵Ѱ҈ʽвͬ
ƺʥ¥¥ŷࡢкɷ죬˵ʽһ·ġ
һ·ֱײ˵ҪȥһѣһЩ᷿ķ䲻ȥ⣬·Ľ˳ɵĽ˶Ҫȥһۡ
ڻҪһ£ϢʮϢԽȻޱȡ
෴ģӡաG˵ʽһȫͬķʽ
ˣۻһ㣬еĴֻһҶҶֱԹ
·ժҶͨʱ򣬾
ҶĴҲֻǽŲ΢΢һͣҶ֮󣬾ͻٵ뿪
ȷǣÿһҶĴǶͣ
˲ͬʽҶͷͻһ
俺㷽˵˵ǲҲŴ󸣵أҶʵ
ûϣ俺ͷ
᲻Ҳˮļ¼Ŵ󸣵ε¼Ҷʵ
˵УҲޣ¾ãеĿԺܴϿǹ۲ʲô쳣俺ʵ
ǵ̽ʽͬҶ潫ķ˵һ顣
ϣϿӦˮļ¼Ŵ󸣵ε¼С
ǣǾû䧴صĵͼҪȻҲӬһҴܣ俺˵
Ҳǡ
Ҷͷ֮ʣͻػͷ俺˵
ǣ俺Щ졣
ҸӦ䧴صԺ֮УˮĵͼԱһ¡
һ£䧴ڣбڵʲôҶ˵
ã
Ӧ֮ʣҶ俺͵յһɲǼ䣬ҶӦе䧴ΣԴԴϵͽ俺ԺС
ôϢʱ䣬俺;
ϣãһ£


1083 ظ
£ʲô£俺ǼеģҶһ䡣
֮Դ䧴֮ϣǽӡGǣ϶Ѱ俺˵
֮Դ˵Ҷȵ
ģϣľŴ󸣵أϵľŴ󸣵أʵľŴ󸣵ء
ˮ֮ԻｨŴ󸣵֮һˮΪһȪˮУܹ۳һˮ
ܹΪŴ󸣵صĸҪǵȫͬĺ̶ߣˮ𹦷°빦ġ
ΪŴ󸣵صĸ֮һΪ˵Ȼ۵ȵȡ
£䧴أ϶ҲƵıԡʱĽGǣ϶䧴ܹΪ䧴صĸ俺˵
ԣ׵Ҷ治ɵúݺݵĶ俺һۣΪβ˵
俺ʱײ¿ϣǷûʣҲΪľ޴һʱһ硣
ӦûüӡGյ˵ӣӦûѰ֮С
˵һ룬俺ͻһݣæҶ湰ֵϣɷٴν䧴ڵһ꺣֮У˵һ֡
ţ
һɲǣҶ編ƣͨͨ鱮Ӧ䧴ص͵俺Ļ꺣֮С
۲˼Ϣ֮俺ͻؿڣϣϸĹ۲һ䧴صĺ԰ЩԾ
ţ԰
Ҷʱͨͨ鱮䵽䧴ص󷽡
俺еĺ԰䧴عȺ󷽵һƬ֮ء
ССҩϰٸҩ֮Сˮ̨ͤ¥һռĹĺ԰
ҪƽأҶߵ԰ǰҲѷ԰쳣
ǣҶͨĻľȫλĽһϵ۰ӽǹ۲԰
俺һѣҶͷ԰쳣
ǽϵļ곤Ҷ֮⣬԰ڣȫȫǸָ߸ߴĲмȥΪƺϹ֣͸ű⡣
ʣк԰ȫģѹǺ԰
԰ϸ֣Ϊ԰
ǣǵ԰֮ǰȴһӷ԰ûл쳣
˵԰ʲô˵Ǹ֮԰֮УҶʵ
俺ûش𣬡ˮοǸܹһˮȪۣҲһ֮Уһ˿ˣѹΪӣ뵽·ܹһˮȪۡ
¿ľŴ󸣵У嵺һ۵ƣǳͬһ֮֡
ôȻܽˮһˮ֮ͨУҲܹ䧿ڵĸظһǲĺ԰С
ң䧴ľʢɢľΪľô䧴ڵĸ֮ľı
£Ϊ԰Ĳ֮Уٺʲ
˵꣬俺ֲһ䣬½֮Ѿ䧴ڵĲ֣¿пرĵط԰֮С
ԣҶ滺ĵ˵ͷƲ⣬ҹȷģһ£ʵ԰֮ǧſȥ䲻Ĺػ⸣ظ
˴߶ЩлǿҲѴȥ˿ƣǿɾ͡
˵Ҷ΢΢һ٣Ҫǰľͨأһľͨ£ͨϵЩսǻɱɱ
£԰ڵķжǿֻ֪ˡ
û˵ĶԣǧŹԾǸ֮ԴϣȻˣϸϹȥɣͨӦòѡ
ȥ˱˷ˣǿɾ鷳ˡ俺
ҶҡҡͷѾЩˡ
˵Ѿȥˣ俺鶸һ䡣
ûУȴѾȺСţҩԡٶȣǻܸϵü
ǣֻҪǸϹȥԻᾪҶ˵
˭俺׷ʵ
ҶȴûмŻش𣬶ǽĿ⿴俺ϹȥᾪˣңˣҵУ
ϣ˼ǣ俺͵һ
Ӧҵ˼ɣҶ˵
ʱ俺ͱñȳ˻࣬ϣҲЧǽʵֲ̫
ӱ͵Ϯӣ²ɱ˽ӣὫҸȫȥ
Ҷȴǳ俺һİۣôɣϻ͵ϮӣҲġ
գա
ԭհϷģ¿Ϸĺ֣һϣ֪ôģ俺Ц
俺ЦݣҶ治ɵðΪӱŪôһ޵ߵѣǲ̫ˣ
ȥɣһµģס򲻿ɴ⣬ߣҪ죬ҹƣȻշò˶ãͻ֪ͨӹȥģҶһ˿ɷ
һɲǣͨŶش򿪣⻪һ俺ʹ䧴غ԰
ͬһɲǣҶͨ鱮һǿ깥֮󣬾̤ͨĴš
һҶ׷俺ķһ·ϣҶлݲݵĵطš
Ҷ潫ͨ鱮ӡ֮Ϊûľͨԭ򣬻޷׵Ŀס䧴ء
ǣȴܹʱص˽䧴κһı仯뿪ͨҲˡ
ֻҪӴκľֲܹͨڵͨ鱮˽䧴ڵı仯
ò˵䧴ͨڵİ˷ͨ󣬷ǳĸ
ͨ󷨸صľȻ䧴ڵֲһ壬ںηͨκһڵĶ
Ǹûκľֲ
ԣҶڼеʱÿָӹһ֦Ҷż̵Сݣ䧴ڸı仯ʱӳҶĻ꺣֮С
磬ˮlѾԵҩռĲˣʼΧ֮ͻΧ
Ӹո·ͨſڣҲֻһӶ
ʱҶûУѹֵͣ
ͬһʱ̣Ҷ淢֣ÿһŹɷ죬ȻҲҪӽͨˡ
һҶ淽뿪ʱһڴıرһż侫ľ
ոյͨĺ죬͸Ӧ˸仯ɿԽ۵ͨ˸ղűľ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷüͷһͨ鱮ڷӳΣ԰ҩ֮ǰ俺Ѿɺϵͷ˽̸
Ȼ俺Ѿʼִмƻ
ʱҶµٶȶؼӿ죡


1084 
Ȼ俴ˮٹ俺֣ջΪġ
⣬̽ϹŸʱ̣Ӧý˶һĽģջ֪ġ
ûʲô֣俺һ䡣
Ϊҡҡͷ俺ž룬ת⣬俺ķһѹǽǵԼûЧ
һ£ôˣУȻУ
ô㷢Ҷмˣ׷ʵ
俺΢΢һЦ˵ͷȻҪȻô£ҹʱʱڲԶ
̫ˣ
鶸ر˷֪ͨȻһͬж
㵱Ҷľͷ𣿵֪ͨٸҳȥûӰˣ
˵俺ͻظһ˿̰ߣҶϵĺöô࣬鱦׹顢ӥƷϸ赤ȵȻк龧Щƽֶá
ǽˣ٣
յɫһ䣬ж¶⶯֮ɫ
俺˵ûӲУǺ鱦׹顢ƷӥƷǱջȥġ
Ϊԭ˵ı
ɶ޼֮Ǻ鱦׹飬˵֮Ϊڿ۷Ѵʮգβġ
ǣƾʵնɱҶû⣬ܣɾ˵ˡջЩԥ
֪򺣴ʥҶʲôǿ߼л㲻նɱҲǺ£ʲôȫƵϾͺãϾõԼе棬ĺôǰɣ俺Ц
Щԥ漴ͱüᶨ
ã鱦׹ңҶϵǾ֣У
ԣ俺Ȼܾ鱦׹Ը㣬ӥƷͱңͬʱҶϵжǱ߷֣ߣ
˵ţ俺ֲһ䣬㲻ҪΪҲ֪鱦׹ĺô
˼һ£˵ģоͳɽ
俺Ŀһ漴ЦãɣǾͿɣˣɾҲҶˣ
˵꣬俺жȴס俺ҲٹԶ̫֮ˣж֮ǰȷԡ
ͷкβɣ
俺ԥģ귢һԣͳմߴٵҷˣ㣡
Щԥ˵ʵ俺ԣЩ⣬俺ԣҪֻԼº䣬鱦׹һģйսкģһգȫȵȵ֮ģȴûС
ٹꡭ
裬ȥǱ˵ǷɱҶ棬Ҷëһ
㵽ҪҪҶˣҪͿ㣡ʧʧ
俺һͨߣһ֮£Щ̫ϸ֦ĩڵ⣬Ҳͼǲˣ£Ϳٵķԣ俺ǰ
һֱͨ˷ͨͨ鱮˽䧴б仯Ҷ棬һĻһûֳ
俺һԵס
˵ʵǷǳˣſյӦ֮ҶӦЩѾû뵽俺ȴӦԵķǳɡ
俺Ĵ£һ߷ǰһſֵܳеֶԲߡ
֮ߣ˾ʵмл֮ߣֻ߳ļƻ俺Ӧ֮ߣҲΣ俺
죬ʱҶոսһ֮̽Ǵõġ
俺Ļû˵꣬ͻضסʧ֮ͣʣ俺ǰһʧˣû뵽Ȼˡ
ͬһʱ̣ҲһľͷոճＲٽӽҶ棬ͬʱҶҲ俺գӽɲǣҲͣ˲Զ
˷ʱ俺Щɥ
ǰҲЩƣΪ˵ĸ߲㣬ŶҶ鱨Ҷս
֮£Ҷ棬ϲ̫ܡ
ڶҶ¶֮ɫͬʱ俺ͻյһƣȷ¸ɵҶ棬ҶĿܣ
ʲôյ鶸رޱȵľϲУ£˵
ʵҵļƲߺܼ򵥣ǡ俺û괫ѹղòչ俺ơ
ͻأǣ俺ͱޱȣǾȡ죡
ۣ
պɲǣ俺ǱƷķˮ̣תŴ̽յĺģֱӹᴩ˿ûд߶ס
յɫزұ䡣
Ȼ俺ֵôһɲǼ䣬Ӧ俺ŷˮ쳣ǣˡ
俺ŷˮѾתŴ̽ؿڣ˲Ϣͽ俪һ󶴡
۷ǼֲģȻƿһ󶴣˲Ϣ͸ֱ˾俺
㡭
ŭȵɲǣɫǡʱĺյţʱ䣬֮еѪȪˮһ罦ʱͲܿƵĳ鴤
ݣ
ӥƷشҶ汳ſƷҶӰһƮǰһƣͺյԽ䡣
һɲǣҶһޱȵַ·ħһ㣬յǸҶĺñ
ȻյĴָʬ壬˲Ϣ䱻Ҷ
һԣҶޱַ俺ͷȴֱð
һĿ۷ߡ½ϽһĴڣҶָɵˡ
־͸ɵˡ
俺𾪵ǣҶ깥
ף͵ϮȻشһλ۷ǿԣʲô
пߣ°ȫٵ֮Уֻ˴࣬ش˷ˣƾطӳ졣
λٴĳǰ
ԣ͵Ϯһ˾شգնɱգȴ֪ҪʲôĴۡ
һ͵ϮãǸҶ洴ֵʱ
ǣһһ깥Ҷʧȥ˷˲Ϣ䱻ɱ
һɺش俺ŵװֱš
ͻȻ䣬俺⵽ǰΪж
ҶҪʰֻҪһ⣬³Ապòȥ
ɵĲյĴָˣҶľͽոյֵյĴָӸ俺
յĴָҶѾһ飬ûʲô̫Ķ龧ǲ٣ƻһ𣬰ʮƷ龧ļֵеġ
лϣ俺Щ⣬ϾһǾٲ˵ģһΣ俺ãˡ
һӵĿ꣬Gʱû˵꣬Ҷüͷһ塣


1085 
ϣô
Ҷü俺æ׷ʣۼ֤ҶĿֲʵֵõҶʹ֮俺ˡ
ԭƻֱӿӵGǸϻû뵽ӾȻֱıߡҶָ⹰һҶ˵
ӣ俺ͷĪһ
ǷŶԸյַǶԸ˽ӵģ뿪ҷֿǧҪñˡ
ұڽӵ֮ǰ԰Ͼ䧴صĸҪġҶ˵
һɲǣҶ俺Ҷȴֱ䧴󷽵Ĺ԰
һ߸УҶһ߹עŽӵĶ
ҶĹŹֵǣӾȻǱ󷽶ӣƺҲֱ԰
˵ǣҶΪͨ鱮ԭ򣬷õ磬ʮϢ֮һڽӵ︽֮ǰеִ˹԰ǰ
԰ǰһͨţŵΧǽҲͨ˸ɫ˶֦żһЩɫɫĻ׺䡣
һȥ԰деģߵʵΣЩڵ
ֻҪЩ֮ǰΧߣԸٽȥ޼ֵ԰̽
ҶȴһҶ֪԰˲֣ʲô
ǲ֪԰ڵһʲô̬ȣ
ૼ䣬ҶɲǼͽϢ˼£ӥƷӺ󱳳𣬲ͣȶţƳֵУʱ׼
ҶС̤˹԰ڰ벽
ûж
԰еĲҶһŲûκζ
ѵǲܻΪ
ɻ֮䣬Ҷһͳ׿˹԰֮УҲҶ泹׿ɲǣ԰ڵĲһ˲ͷ·һ㡣
ǹ԰мʮÿһɢâ֮УŽɫ⣬ϣű̵·֣ǲȱĵơ
ÿһ˸ŲȱƵľ˲Ϣһֲֻһ㣬Ҷ񱼶ɲǼ͸ǹǧ
ʱҶʧɫ
ܵģҶ˳԰ǧɱΧɲʲô£οʮѾ۳˲ȱƵ
ҲҶ˳ɲǣҶѾҶ淢˹·һ֦;Ҷ
Ҷһ߶ڵٻ֮ʣһ֦·һ֦˻ȥ˲ʱҶԭأ»һŲ
ˣ
һĻҶЩ⣬Ҳǳľϲ
Ҷʱʶʮа˾ͨڰ˷ͨԭȻ޷ͨЩȥˣҶȴͨ鱮ϢЩȻϮ䧴صƿߵġ
һˣҶʳָסһ֦Ҷ˷ͨڵͨ鱮һ
ɲǼ䣬󷽱ӿǣͷ·Ӧʲôһ㣬ȻعԭλֻǷ·بŶһµĲǡ
ͬһʱ̣ź󷽿񱼶ĽӣĿͻһ԰˵Ϣ仯ҲӦˡ
ɢǿϢȱƣ˲ϢĽעĿѡ
ȫӶ֮£Ǽ䣬Ӿͱӵ˹԰ǰʱҶΪѾ˽ӵĶ԰һŲ֮
԰ľзŻδɢȥȱƵϢĸӦ÷ǳļѡ
ҲǼ֮ˣСͣ˹԰ſڣԶԶ۲쵽ĶҲ֪֮أ롣
ǣĶɵأ
վڹ԰ſڣ﷭
﷭ģɲǽӣҶ棬Ҷӵľᣬȴֲһ
ӵľǵ׽ǲ
ðգֵֵã
ҶľᣬǵҪҪڴʱӽһѣܲܿӳɹأ
Կ϶ҶһˣǾ޷Ըӵģǣǧǿʮɲء
ҪǣֲȻҶƣȴҶ浱Լ˿ֻҪ̤԰֮УǧΧľǽӡ
Ҷڰ͵Ϯһѣô˵
һпܽ˸ɵӡĺУҶͷһķ
Ҫƽʱ飬ֱ붼룬ڣȴҶǰ
ǣҪЩסأ
᲻Ҷ
˽أ
ԣҶҲھᣬҪҪӽأ
Ϣ֮Ҷ˲Ϣ¶˾ġ
԰֮еĲΪ֮ΪϢǿ
ЩΪ֮ɢΪϢ۷Ϣǣսûôǿˡ
սҲ൱ڿߵս磬ɱһ֮⡣
ȻҲɱΪĿǰ䧴صƿߣҶѾ֪ɱԭ
ľ
޴ڵޱȵľ˲ϢͽЩƻָԣɱ
֪ԴҶֱӴ߶ƣɱ꣬Ҳʲô⡣
ˣˡ
ǧΪ൱ڿ۷嵫սȴֻ൱ڿߵ֮⣬һʮΪ൱ǿߵսȴֻ൱ڿкߵ
£һ۷ߣԶԸʮҵĿߵΧϰߵΧǳǿҲĶӡ
Ǽ
ΪǿҲ޷ͬʱǧߵΧɣ
οЩڵ߻ǽģ
οһʮսǿĿкڲߵ
ҪǣҶ氵пš
Ҷãǽ»ܸɵӣպҪɵӣѶȿ֪
ǰĻᣬǧ
ԣҶϾ˾ϡʧ
ӣ
Ҫ˻ᣬҪݺݵĿӽһͨ
ǣӣһļɡ
磬ýӷҶߣǷ߶ΧҪȻӵľͻ˲Ϣ£ˡ
ʵҪܹ㽫λ졢Gŷ˶Ѿ̽˴룬ò˶ãͻᷢӶе
Ĳ˵һҶʮֿ϶ֻҪλϵǿߣԿƽ԰ûGǵĻ
ԣҪ졣
˼һ£ҶһƷᦾʹӻ꺣֮и֣΢΢߶֮£һȦɫĺ⡣
ҶЩķ֣ɫĺ԰֮ľȻศɣɢɲǣɢɫ֮Ȼʼɱ
ɲǼ䣬ڹ԰ԥĽ鶸һ𣬿԰ĿⶸرüȵĲ˼顣
˳ҵɫ֮ѵ䧴صĸظ


1086 ʱ
˳ҵɫ֮ѵ䧴صĸظŹ԰ɫ⻪ӵĿ⣬رޱȵĳҡ
ΪŴ󸣵֮һƿߣ̫׾Ŵ󸣵صĸ֮Ҫԡ
ÿһصĸظǶı
ң嵺һ֮У䧴Ҳ䧴صҪԶԶĸ
һɲǼ䣬ӾĶˡ
ΪٶĴڣ̫ʲôлʧʧˡ
һԥλǿߵҪ⸣ظɾˡ
ʱϢ·ǳһٵֺ޷𣬷·һĺһ㣬ںɫˮʱʱ֡
֮ȴһźɫ⣬ɢž˶ɲϢ
ƷһƷ
ҶͷΪ֮һû뵽ӾȻӵƷƷĺˮʮϡ
£Ӵ߶ƷǳɣҿԽķӳ
ҶƣƷԿڽӵзӳƷʵ
һɲǣһ·ˮһĺˮڲϢĻס˽ȫһֱ࣬ӿ˹԰֮С
ʱ԰֮еǧ·ܵ˴̼һ㣬׷׻ζȭͷһ֦ǵصĺ˽ӡ
صףǷĸϵǸ̽Ĳ˽ӡ
԰ʮֻҶƿ߲ŭ˸Ź⻪·һ˽ӡ
ɲǼ䣬ƺ޵֮С
̶ֳȵΧ֮£ҶƣרſЩΪƾҲŲ˶ã˵ͻΧˡ
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ոϵʱʧȥ˿ơ
ɡŽӵתһȦӵΪ֮һգֻڽӵͷ·һ̾ţżĳ鼸©֮㡣
߶ɡӾһŹ԰ͦš
Ҳڹ԰֮еЩֻҪܵ˺صľľͻᲹı壬ܹٴγս
ҪȻһܹɵϰˣôѹ޷ѹסˡ
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ӵɫҲΪ֮һ䣬鶸رޱȡ
ԶŵĺУǧͨƤĸӵļ̣ǵĸϵøӵļ͡
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ŭ߳һеɡرޱȵľ޴󣬷·һеһ㣬ֱн˵ʮ״֮ʣϵжϡ
ͬʱҲӵɡе÷顣
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һƷǡɺɫɵĺܣ׼ֵҶ涸شһ
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ļңǣߣ
УҶ˫͵رֵʱˣ


1087 Բ
Ҷ˫ɲǣɫ⣬Ϣıֱ˱ΧĽӡ
ɲǣӦǰޱ겨Ľӣ˫۶ص˸ԲУ𾪣ɲǼϳʲôˡ
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ӵĺ磬Ƿǰҵģ˴󲿷ֵľƳ
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ڶɲǣҶ˵ͬʱһ
Ӿǣ֪Ҷû뵽ԲµҲһɲǼ䶴ʮȻֱӺ鸮֮С
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ܼ׵ı쳹Ӳ̴ֻ߶ĺʱķѣ
ʮ̵ֻƵľƳݼХź˹ȥ


1088 Դ
ݣ
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ǽʮ֧ľƳˣӾ㲻ҲٴܵشʱҶĻˡ
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׷ô׷ζͣҶ棬Ц
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ȻҶһдУҶ˵ǳ½һϱҶĴڣɲֹһλλ
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Ϊ֤жϣҶ潫ڵһƺˮ˺ɫ֮С
ɲǣɫʱ˸ڝĹ⻪ڝĹ⻪֮УٸɢϢĵ븡֡
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ǺԴƵ֤
ʱҶ۾ͱóޱȣ
˷ɢĺɫۡӦǺۣǧ顣
ǧĺ۰ǰҶõϱߣϱߵĸֵĵƽǲƶѡ
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ʱҶףջ񲢲ش˽ӣǻǧӵкԴƵĺۣ
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һɲǣҶ涸תʮȥ


1089 ľԴˮ
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߿ʮŹΧм䣬Ҳ͸ȥ
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һ˶ޱֱİ׵ĺڹ¡˵ĺڶ

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Ҷ˸һּٶ½ţΪܹĸԶ˫Ŀۣ·ǳһҫۡ
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1090 ħ׾
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1091 һ
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1092 ԶŴ
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Ҷ濴ϴɵ˫һöȭͷСĺɫʵ
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1093 ̽
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ҵGĿÿشһλ֮󣬾ͻٵ۳һǻֱ꣬ѭ˵棬ֱӴĸϵ
ԭЩңȻˣֻҪеص׾ľϸʮ꼸ʮ»ָ
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Ϊ⼸ϢĹֻͨ׻ɻҽ䣬ϰϵش
ͳ죬죡ϴĴߴ
γܳɲǣҶ΢΢һľ;޴Զžͻ˵ףɣ
ס֣Ҷһǿ飬ûдӵͿػصض
ô͸һӣ
˵зŵĴڣڵֻԶžֻϴΪˣҶΪˡ
Ȼ⣬ҶʱҲûʱ俼ġ
Ҷûоܾ£Ҷ¾ͿʼѿһƬƬ̵
ɲǼ䣬Ҷͻһֻʵ
ͬһɲǣҶΧǧһҶϴָս
Σգǰڵֵܿ
ݵĴ֮ҶףӦľͨͨԵԭ
ֻھֻʩչ֮󣬱÷ǳĿֲ
дջҶ΢΢һʱͻڽȺ֮УŭųG
˫֮пʼֲ⻪
Ҷ㣬GһʰG
ҲҶ˫ɲǣGǰһɫ飬ȻϢƳƬ
ɫɲǣڴɱG¶һľ顣
ûһۣ˵ͬʱһͷٵĲ¡
ͬһɲǣƷѻϻһգؾҵ
ֱ˺˶ĤĽ쳹
GһٶҶЩ⡣
˫۵ҲһɲǱֱĺG
Ҷ棡Ȼǡ
ɲǣŭӵGʱŭŭһ룬ʹжϡ
Ȼǰصĺɫǰʾ׼
ǣҶٴΪ۳⣬ȴܹµġ
ǰԤ֪طѻϻѻҶ껹ܴ
Gһ֮ͣиһѪɲǼķˡ
˲Ϣ䣬G˳İΧȦ˳˹԰Զ˹԰
Ȼ²˲ɲǣžδĿ˸ոԳҶ
㻹湻ģҶڶǰ
ʱGĨһѶͷ亹µĿǰǰҺɫĵط
Ǻɫ飬ϴʶҶĿֲ֮Ĵһּ亱ĶΪеĲƵ̽
һֿܱ߳вߵ겨ͻ顣
ǰGûҪܹв˲ࡣ
ҲֱӺŴŵġ
û뵽Ȼһ
ţֻҪϰϢµ֮Ҳûʱ߶ѻϻѻҶ⡣
һ֮£ͻᱻҶش
֮£걻Ҷشʹѹûӳ԰Ļᡣ
Gжô𾪣ֱڹŹһȦ
ԥģGͽ׸֮̽еĵڶ
ŽĿ⿴Ҷ档
Gڹ԰֮аҶ棬ʱʹˡ
Щô㣿ôܣ
ѵ
ʱGƺ뵽ʲôɫ䡣


1094 ҵһ̲
ѵ㡭õʲôGָҶ棬ɫưıţ˵㡭õصƿȨ
һԼˣGɫٴδ䣬ûʲôԥˢˢˢģGоͷɳּֿķѶ
󣬾ޱȵ˺ȴ
ò˵GһϺ꣬⼸ɲǰ׻ġ
һʱ䣬ͽපϤ˸࣬һʱ䣬뵽˽İ취ֱҶߴ硣
ȻҶߴ硣
ҶϵûGѶ֪ͨ˵ġ
ȻGܹµҶƿ䧴أֻҪҶ԰֮УǧGͲ̤԰֮һ
ԣܼ򵥵ģG͸˷˷Ѷ֪ͨGţһ֧ʱСӵĴ󲿷˶ҶĶͷۼ֮žԵơ
һ㣬ҶȻͿ͸ˣܿģҶҲƺʥַһѶ
쵽ģȻڸɼҩˮl
ִڹ԰ߵҶGʱˮlһ䣬ô£
ûGشƿش¥¥ŷͷ·һһ䵽˹԰ǰ
û˵ǿڿҶһۣŷɫͽ䣬þѡ
ܼ򵥣ΪҶΪ仯
ʵϾҶĿǰˣ˽Ҷģ¥
û취¥Ӫҵҵ֮һ鱨
¥鱨֮УҶĿǰ䣬Ƕʮ꣬Ϊء
鱨Ǽǰ¥¥ŷѳǰμˮl͵֮ʱ鱨
ǣŷ͵ϼҶʱҶΪѾߴ۷塣
ðɣĸµĹͻƿԽܡ
ŷˡ
꣬ŷֿʱҶΪʹ۷쭵سڡ
ңſʮ갡
˵ʵ¥¾ͶµĵһĿ꣬Ҳûô̬
۲ϣûܹȵ¥ģ¥ĵһĿ꣬ǿԴбֵҩؾ򣬽ĹӦ
¥ĵһĿ꣬Ϊﵽ֮ʱҲʮˡ
ҶôһҰ·ӣŶʮ꣬ȻѾغˣ
ŷ಻ǲŽй֡
һɲǼ䣬ŷԺиһǿҵ뷨Ĩɱ
һҪ뷨ҶĨɱҪȻһ̬ţȴ¥Уһ׵ĳɳ̫ˡ
ʱ¥¥ŷĿͿGһ˲Ĺ˾Ϳʼ˼ܼ꽻
Ϣ֮ˮٹ俺ɷҲϵˣ俺ҶһۣͲɫļŷG̸֮塣
ֳ棬ѹ俺Ӽֵĵط
쿴ǰ龰һ£ŷһ֣ͽ˹ȥͬʱĿ⿴ˮl
Ҳ⼸ϢĹһˮɫĹ⻪Զȴƺʥ
ƺʥɲǣѾ˽к֮¥¥ŷ飬Ͷرޱȵ
һ֣G졢俺˾ŷʾԶԶӭȥƺʥ֮⡣
ŷͳˮlһֵºǽ䧴͸㣬ɷ֣
ȻҶ֮飬ϷǲֶԸҶģֻҪסƺʥ飬Ͳùˣ͵䧴ذɣ
Ҷ棬ŷˮl˽ס
ˮlЩԥĿҶ棬ҧҧŷ¥ҿͬ⣬ǣϷǷҶСֵܺô飬Ϸϣŷ¥ܹҶСֵһ·
͡ϷǷһ飬Σ
һҶΪ֮Ȼ
Ҷû뵽ƹصʱˮlȻΪҶ飬֮ˮl磬ʵǴ
ϧǣŷȴҪɵҶδ󻼡
ŷֲΣ׺ȡˣ¥δȣˮlһ飬Ͳˡ
ŷ˼ԲȻֱӾܾˮl
Ͳŷĳܹˣ£һȽ㻹ͬɣ
˵ţŷٴȰʵӦףֻҪµϵվһߣҪ
Ҫǣ䧴أӦúҪɡ
ʱˮlϾԳ֮ɫ
ͬһɲǣƺʥG졢俺֮Ѿˮʱܱս
ÿ˭ҵңպݵУʱǾǻȥĻҵҲҪɱ֮죡ƺʥʱѪһ˵ɱˡɱ˵ӡ
ǻǡҵһ̲˰
ҲڴʱҶ̾һһţ
ɲǼ䣬ǧ붸Ƶض·һˡ
ǵص׵ĸ룬䧴֮ڣǻľʱҶһţʱͷ·˹㣬׷֦Ҷùˡ
ɱСЩе֦Ҷ룬ɲǼͱ˾һ㣬еޱȣܲž˵ĶҺ
ҪǣЩ͵һʮɫĹ⻪ֹȥ⻪У̺һζ
ֻҪоˣһ֪ж
ЩĻݣֱһɢŶζҺЩҺһϵĻϱߣ̵ĸʴЩס
ָϡŹֵĹɲǼŷæҡ
ʱѾõҶ괫ƺʥ⣬һѾڹ԰֮С
ǰһĻҶЩϲЩȫʩչոɹľ֮֮ͨɵġ
ȻҪĻǵõǿԶžĸҪȻҶ淽һ֮£˴߶Բһ֮ڵĻľĿǰķԲʮ
ֵ˵ҶͨûľֶΣֻֻǸֶΣֻս
ԣһĹ˾ͰҶͻϮ
Gŷ򵥣һһһ˸ɸɾ
Ҳȥ
˿վһҶƺʥʱɫͱѿޱȡ
ŷG
֪ҶһˣֻҪסƺʥŷһ˳ȥͿնɱҶ档
һƺʥͻ԰ǧ֮ҪնɱҶù԰ڱѶȣƾ˺ü
״ź֮ƵŷҲǲҶЦҶ棬쵽ʱϷȰ㻹ĺá
ǽһʱܣã
˵ţŷֽĿ⿴ˮlµϷȰ㻹ǸһԸҶĺá
ԳֶԸҶ棬ֻҪɱ԰ǶԸɡϵĻǵĿǡ
򣬵Ƚһʱսǽ䧴ػ˶пܣŷ˵
ʱˮlɫ䣬䧴أʱߴ磡
ӣ
ԣҶȴЦλǲǾۼﶼ˰ˣΪνӻ֣δϵ
ҶԽӵջ𣬻ǣ
Ҷشס˵ɫȴǶؾ䡣
ͬһɲǣGŷз


1095 ֮
зѶɳһɲǣGŷɫʱͱѿޱȡ
ΪǵĸӦУǵķѶոշɳһɲǣˡ
£ѶǲģǺײһ
ЩѶһܵǿֲˮѹͻ̷顣
Ѷ֮Ի뿪䧴أʹһ¡ӴʱѾ뿪䧴ء
Ϊʲôĵ뿪䧴벻Ҷģʮа˾ţǽӳ˱ˡ
֮ΧҶļƻʹ
ˣҶϵЦ
ŷ鶸һҶ棬ӲڣǼҲԶԸ㡣ĿˮlɲǣŷͱüޱȣҪ䧴أֻܸǺ
Ц
ҶһЦʹŷĻΪĿǰ䧴صʵƿˣֻҪԸ⣬ʱԻٵ
ͳǰҪһ·仰ײ䧴ء
ֻҪܹ䧴Ҳ͸Ȼνָͣ䧴صĿȨҲȫƽ
ҶһˮlʱΪ⶯ϷƾߣΩеҩ
ҪСӺ˵ŷʱͼˣҪˮlվҶһߣǽ콫ûκεʤˡ
ĿȨô˵ƽƽ
ߣ˵ƽܱŷ¥տڰ׻ҪõĶɣ٣䧴صҺûɣҶȵ
ԣŷΪ֮һ
һ£֪ܲ䧴ڣеҩܹһ۳ľԴˮľԴˮãҶ˵ɣҶ˵
ľԴˮ
ĸ֣ˮl۾ʱͺˣǿԴҩɳٶȵˮ
ҶҲ˵ִռʮľԴˮȡһչʾԥģˮlͿ˹԰֮УվҶһߡ
㡭ŷֱˡ
֮ڣҪʲôĵҩʱϷ򣡰֮ڣޡˮl
ҶƳһˮlҡҡͷֻҪҽ䧴ƽ㣬ʮ͹ͳ첻˵ﻹʮλ
Ҫǣ԰֮УбһСءֱɢľľ֮
һ仰Ҷ괫˵ġ
Ȼˣˮl۾ǵ˸Բ棿
棡
ˮl۾˴죬ͳҶһֵϷû취
ҶСֵҪϷôֱԣ
δ֮ڣʱг嵥뵤Ҷ濪
ˮlһƺİ꣬Ҫ򵥰
ûκΡ
ȲҪŴӦ˵֮ҪĵҩҩҪԼ׼ˮlûУҲҪԼؽ𡢷ȥѰҡҶ˵
˻
ڳˣƺʥŷࡢֻ俺Gˣǵһ
Ҷǹݵġ
֮ڣֱ޶ȵҪҶҪʲôҪʲôҶģˮlҵҲпܵġ
ϵģˮlһ£ȴǵͷӦˣû⣬ϷӦϷֻЩ߼ҩУһЩرϡеĵҩ츳ѪƲϣϷֻܳŵѰңϴղ룬Ҳû취
һ㣬ԵƷǲŪҵģ
ҶСֵܷģһϷԻᷢԣˮl˵
¥¥ŷͳˣǱλǿߣһλڣҶλǿߣƴҲòҶˡ
οҶ滹
ߣߣ
ŭһŷż˷ߣGв⣬ŷ¥𼱰˴ȥҾͿȥȥط̽
ɵٲߣ뱻Ҷɱﰡˮlʵֲǲ֪ŷŭȵ
ʱGɫΪ֮һףϽϡ
飬ȻͺܼˣˮlǵҶ淢һӦԣȻҶŴˮlض˽һУִˮlǰͨѹˮlӹ䧴ء
ϷϷܹõ䧴أҶСֵܵĸϷҲͲˣҶСֵҪʲôҩֱӿڰɣˮlҲˡ
ҶЦеĵһ嵥ҶҪֵҩ
нϸ赤ҶҪһƿת컪½𵤵ȵȣҶг˶ʮֵҩ
лؿ浤ҩ
ؿ֮ǰҩϾ޷ƣǣ䧴أǴϹŵҩ԰ҩ̫ˣѾҩﶼҵ
ԭѹղҩĴؿҲʲôˡ
ɨһۣˮl͵˵ͷû⣬ЩҩϷԼһ֮ھͿƸ࣬Ҳ԰꽻һ
Ҷͷ֮࣬Ŀȴǿƺʥ磬绹жǣҪʲôҩҲһ嵥
һĽĿҶƺʥͱˡ
֮࣬ȴһľϲЩȷĿҶˮlĵܣ⡭𣿡
ûʲôʵģ֮ڣֻҪϷܹùҶֵҪʲôҩʲôңϷ˵ʣҶֵ˵ϷҲֻͬ⡣ˮl˵
ҶͷƺʥȴǴϲ
ֱϵڱ
ڴ֮ǰֵܾǴҩٱϺȻˮl⻹ÿˮl顣
鲻ˬ˾ͲǣЦ
ڣҪʲôҩҪʲôҩҩ׼ġ
ǰȣֱ֮𰡡
һУǵĵܴġ
м֮࣬ƺʥͱһʮֵҩƣЩɶֵЩƶ޷õĵҩһԵȫˡ
ţЩҩϷеδ䧴ڵҩ֧ţӦòѣʮֵҩԼҪ굽һʱɣˮlӦĺʹ졣
ֶһЩ֮˾;뿪ˣҶƺʥǲ˵ˮlż뿪ˡ
Ҫ䧴٣˴
ҪϸϻȥԴһЩ䧴أͬʱ󷨴ʦ޲һ䧴صĴ
ȻҪͣİҶЩҩ
ԭˮlҪҶƺʥˮl͵ģȴҶƺʥܾˡ
Ҷͬʱ¥ްԣ̵ʱڻصȫġ
ԣһƺʥ͸ǰӦľʥ븲ʥѶٷأҶҲεСèٷء
һ·ϵҲȫûʲô£Ӧӱйϵ
ٷ죬һ·̵ʱһɫѶƺʥ鶸һ䡣


1096 ϣ
磬ʲôˣƺʥɫ䣬Ҷʵ
صѶǰʼܱͻ˲İߣʱʱѲ֪ƺʥһĵǡ
Ѳ֪ΪΣҶʵ
ԣƺʥһĵĵطĿǰֵİߣһˣˣΪȫǿڵߣжʮλصߡ
ˣƾԸӦûɣУʦηɰ׳սţȻΪߣսɾԲҶ˵
ĵܣҪ˵飬ѶнǰʦѾһ⣬뿪ƺʥ˵
飿뿪
ɻ֮ʣҶ沢û׷ʣתžˣ֮⡣
磬ʦˣڣҲɲɣҶʵ
鷳ڣЩˣ࿹ֵģƺָһ㡣ƺʥ˵
ǻһ·̣ӦøϵõļɣУӦøɣҶ˵
ǱǿʱӦü˵꣬ƺʥҶ漸ǽٶȴ߶˼£һĸ·
ǣԽϢȴԽࡣ
ÿһʱƺʥͻյһѶһϢ
̶ʱ֮󣬷ѶϢ۵ܱߵǿߣѾİˣİ֮Уȫǿڵߣһ벽Ĵڡ
ʱ֮Ҷƺʥյһ˵Ϣ
ݰ̽رһǰǧ߾ɱ
磬Ҹҿ϶Χı󣬿϶¥˵Ӱӡ˵ŷӻԳҲ˵Ҷ侲жϵ
ǻǲµģֻ¡
ƺʥأѶ£ƺʥɫΪ֮һ䣬ɷҲˣ
ɷ˶ˣҶʵ
ֻһǧ񣬵Ǻɷǰˣȫһӣؼʱ̣ںĿ£κ˶Ҫֲƺʥµ˵
ΨһĺϢǴѾ˵ϣǣȴǲֹۡĹ򣬴Ѿԭίƺʥ˵
ô£Ҷʵ
¥ˣͬʱ˶Χͬʱ˾޶͡Χ߲Իü˵ʸ񣬻߽ʥһʸ
նɱǰ٣Ի˵һ棬Ŵͨ衣
ͬʱ³֮ÿ˶¥ѻ鱨һο԰˳ɼ۸¥ڹһһʸ񣡡ƺʥ˵
ԣҶЦ
еÿһЩǿۺ⣬˵Ͳ˵ϵߣƽؿԴ˶ûᡣ
ʥأ˵һ꣬൱ʮ꣬ҸײĻ̶֮ͬ
ʥأԽǿߣԽۺ졣
˵ˣ֮У峬ųɵޡ
˵Ͷ˾ˣͱ˵¥ˣ¥鱨ǿֵ
һ鱨¥Ǳߣǻ˻ҳ򣬵ҪУǿ󰡡
˵԰˳ɵļ۸һʸЩԣʡ龧ԲСĿ
֮£˵ЩɢޣҶҲöġ
֪һ¥İţǶôĿֲ
ҵͣ˱ǮһΣҪˣҶ˵
ôףˣһƬҵҪֵܣɲܹµģƺʥ˵
չ鵽ףλ硭
סȻֵܣνۣƺʥǲңҪĵ㣬Ǹôпܿϣ˵Щĵҩˡ
ҶһʱЩ㲻ˡϣ
磬ôǿϣˣôЩ㲻ˣ
ƺʥ΢΢˼һ²ŵĵܣ㲻ײŶԣΪ㻹ûнӴһΣҲԶˡ
ĵܣ˵Ƚϸӣ漰ǳĶ࣬˵ġȻȥ֮ҾͺúõĽ걾ĸ˵һ顣
Ҳã
һСãҶƺʥȫٸ·Ȼһ·ϻϢϣȴ˿Ӱ˵ĸ·ٶȡ
ʱҶҲٲ˽ֱӽشҲƺʥϣƺʥٶѾܹϴ߶ӥƷҶˡ
ڣҶƺʥ˱Ԥʱǰʱ
ǸϵɲǣɨһۣҶƺʥͱѿޱȣ


1097 
ԶԶģҶƺʥͿϿճȺӵĿǣԴ
ԶԶȥϿռҲǧ˲򳬹ˡ
էһܴ󣬵ǣģȴʵ
ϿյߣȻֻвǧˣǴ󲿷˵ʵǿڵߣֻ֮һǿڵߣڵĴڣѹ
ǧ֮УǿһصߣҲǧ˶ѣд󲿷ˣǿڵߡ
ڵߣϲᳬˡ
֮󣬼ֱݡ
ô࿪кڵߣҶЩԾ
ĵܣ֮񡣱ܱߴһĵֻкɷȣǣܱǧڵĵ죬ơ
˵ģÿһڵߣǾкüˣǰǧˣٵˡ
Ӧûʱȣöյ¥͵޷ϵԭҪȻٻܹٷһƺʥ˵
ҶЩȻһ鷳ˡ
ǧкڵߣÿһ£ܹˡ
Ҳ㣬˭뵽¥Ȼأ˵ƺʥͻһҶ棬ãĵܣǸˣ
㡭㲻ӦûӦˮlƺʥת
ǵĿ㣬㲻ǽΧһʱ䣬Ҳͻɢȥһǿɾ͡ߣߣ
磬ѾˣҶЦ
ʵʱ֮ǰյʥйΧԭ֮Ҷ뵽һ㡣
زĿǰһ֮¡
Ҷǻת˽ŷƣҶ治תŷƣŻա
ǣ飬Ҷ
Ҷ治תȻܹܿѣŷա
ǣǱߣɾҪˡ
ŷ඼ĺֺڵۣڽӣڴʱ£Ҷ治ҲặȻ
ʱ򣬲ʥҪ䣬ƽգҲҪʹ
ҶʲôӢۣǣȴԼ˵ߵļ֡
ʥֵܿ
˽ˮlϧ˿սȵȣ׮׮Ҷ֮ϣһܻ֮ʥ˶䣬ҶģһѰ
ԣȻʱ֮ǰ뵽һ㣬ǣҶҲһֱûһ㣬Ÿƺʥת
ΨһҶֵǣʥ֮˳ıľʥѶ֮ǰΪû£
ңҶ濴µ÷ʥ㶼صȫ⣬ʱ򣬿˭Ҷƻ
ڰǿߣԻڳһ찲˯ϡ
ҪǣʥȻֱһͷ
£Ϊȫֵ֮壬ҶֻܻΨսѡ
ˣΪʲôƺʥûзӦĵܣߣü
Ҷû˵ָָֻ࣬㿴Ǳߣ
ţŷࣿŷϻ쵰ƺʥ˫Ŀʱ͵˸Բ
ƺʥ򺣴ʥԶģŷЦǺǵĹ֣ȫС
ĵܣǿߣûûƥΧϿ뿪жԶ߶Զƺʥȵ
ߣ
ŷ鶸رޱȣ򺣴ʥҪǸߣϷ͸ұ֤һ֮һƽףԶữѪˮ
ƺλʥҪӾԸҲҪڴ˵أ
ңƺʥ۾ص˸Բ
Ǻǣϣʲô¥ģƺʥһʮǰʧƺɣŷЦ
ʲôƺѪģʮƽգȫǱŪģƺʥһ𾪡
ҶȻƺѪʲôƾ⼸仰Ҳܲ¸ࡣ
ʱͱޱȣŷࡢ¥ǹĺġ
Ǻǣȴƺʥ޹ˣϷֻ򺣴ʥǻתأǴʱأ
򺣴ʥƷϷ㣬̫ܣǣʥʥƽ񣬿ûӥƷ
ŷ⼸仰˵ɣ̺ȴҶʶĴһս
ͻȻ䣬ҶЩ׾ʥΪʲôҪתˣҲΪΪ¥磬Ųһеĸϻġ
ŷ¥ģҪӣˣ᷵ӣһҪȥģһ仰ĳҪ֮ŷ¥Ҷ˵
Ϸϴŷ΢΢һ֣һ״
вñԱУ
磬ǻص
˵ǻصȴǴ̴̵Ĵ֮зǸûʲô
һƺʥҶƺʥ˫˫һ棬˲Ϣʧ֮С
ŷޱĿţɫһ¥ҪҪ׷ɱʱҶֻƺʥһˣõĻᰡ
ŷ˵ŷ˴ŷǰŷŷͷ˸İּۣôԣ
֮У£ʮͶȥɱοδ
ʱˣҲǣ֮㼱УҲԣҪа
¥һ壬ּҵĳ𣬾ŷҵĳ𣬷İɣֻҪҶصһΣ;ɡŷ˵
Сˣթصأŷʵ
ӦòᣡһǾ͸¥ֶΣʱҲǴǰվŷʱһ
ŷȴûаӣGͼϹ˹ŷ¥ưİӻرҶ棬ת
ҲͬһɲǣGͻȻһŤһӰƿգЩ԰׵ӵζس֡
ֵɲǣһ㣬ŷ֡Ƕˣ
͵ģأôˣŷ༱ʵ
ϷиϹ˵һ־񣬸ϵ컹Ҫʱ䣬ճ֮ǰӦܵ
˵꣬Ӿʵˣŷ¥ҶϹûУ
⣬ŷشGȳŷ˴Ĵָŷ¥кֱ֮㰡
ڸղţǸոȷҶѾת
ԣӵ鶸ȻҲŷ˴Ĵָ汻ŷָˣǰŷʱһЩġ
û뵽Ȼˣŷֹ㣡
˵һɻĿŷ࣬ˣŷ֣Һ֪Ϊ֮ǰܹһڶ϶ҶضתӶ´˼ƣ
ŷ಻֪ȡһȣһȣһԸ鱨벻鱨֣
˵ʵ¥֮£Ͳ鵽Ҷе鱨Сʱͬܵ鱨ռ
Ȼ¥ʮλ鱨ʦЩ鱨죬ŷҶԸ硣
ϷֻҶԸ綨ƶѣ㲻ø
ʱȴǵһ¥鱨棬ʵֲ̫̫ˣ
ӵ飬ҲЩӲʵڡ


1098 ŷ
ҶƺʥǴӺֱɽ֮еĺأֱԽڶֵİΧתġ
ĵܣܻΪ֡ǾʥҶĵһ仰û˵ֻ꣬ǳҶһǴĴָ
һĻøʥƺʥЩ㲻Ҷȴ塣
ȻʥҲ֪ҶҪܹĿǰΣΨһǲҶȴֻˣܲоʥġ
磬Ǵʲôհ֮Ҫ취ĿǰΣҪȻ¥ԣԻ᲻һеĻƺʥߴ
ԣʥâ̸סңֻҪڣǸһ󺣣ǵĵ̡
˵꣬ʥͻؿҶʵĵܣңǲˣ
ףûȷʵˣҲᣬ¾٣ˣļƷҲ׵ˡ
֮⣬ӵıԴӦҲˣ
˵꣬Ҷ׷ʵ磬ε֪ģ
鱨˵ǽӵβ̫ԾԭӦõһȻһϹģ
˵ʥһĥȭƣ£ⶨεΣ͸аˣ
ԣҶ桢ƺʥʥ˶Щ㵣˭û뵽ģ⾸ʥ˻ĿǰΣİգ
磬λ⣬˵߿ǧ࿪ڵߣһǧ࿪ڵߣ벽ĴڣѾλ˰ʥһĳԾ
һǾ֪ˣʥ˵
ĵܣʦǰµţԼɣ˵ţʥݸҶһš
ȷʵηɰױ飬дӢıʼ̫иˡ
Ҳܼ򵥣ǺʦŰΣ׼лȥ򣬺Żᰲȫܶࡣ
Ҷףηɰ֮뿪һȷʵΪĺʦŰΣȴΪҶĹϵ
ȻǰҶ֮ϵΪܣû漰Ů֮飬Ϊжһ£˹ϵͻȻͱˣޱȵܡ
һʱ֮䣬ηɰЩ޷ܣҶŮ¶ηɰ׵ĺýõ¡
ԣηɰ׸ɴѡ뿪
˵ηɰĿǰ뿪Ҷ滹Ǻܸ˵ģһתҶ氲Ĳ٣뿪ܿǰһΣ֡
˵ʵȻʥʱĵ˵˻ΣİգĿǰ־棬Ҷ濴û̫õĽ
Ҷ·Ҳ֮ˡ
ֻҪֵһ𣬾ǽųˣҲ׷ġ
ԣҶǳ棬羸ʥŵ
磬ֵܼ㻹ӰⲻǼ𣿡صĸʥƺʥȴǲˡ
ڴͬʱҶҲǺĿ˾ʥ
ʥٺһЦʵǶ֪ģҽµţʵԴĵܣ
Դң
ҶʱŴͣһƣйϵô֪
ҶƵǣʥ仰ʥƺʥȴ¶Ȼ֮ɫȻˡ
£Ҷ漱ˣ磬ô£ԣ
ʥһ£ĵܣʵ㡭
֣ʧһɣҶ׼ʱըװϿ
ͬһɲǣҶҲ
Ҷ棬Ҫʥֵܣ͸ϽԼɣҪȻƽջԩ꣬ʥ䣬ǵѪϾȫģ
ףҶ˶УҲˡ
Ҫǣȴݡ
ֱİǶҶԣѹģ
ɲǼ䣬ҶѿޱȣҶϵĻˡ
ϾǸҶһᣬҶǾ֮ġ
Ҷƶûǣƶȴϲϱ仯
ŷĻصɲǣʥʥƺʥ˾ڵһ𣬷ŭ
ĹƨҪ䣬˭Ǹ£վб¾վӿԣ
Ҫ֪λı;޴ޣһը׻Ҫǿϼʮ
߱ɫæˡ

޾ѹֱӸǹ˾ֵܵŭסƣȴһ̤λƾˣȷʵû취䣬ǣǧλͬʱ֣ܹס£
ԣʥǷһЦЦͱ಻ĳЦžʥЦܱߵ濪ʼҵĻε
󣬺ϾȻ˰׸ߵĿֲˡ
ӣ㵱ֵɵ𣿡
ߣǿֵܾһ꣬ҵҪӽǵеһ˯һȾ
ʥһǧ֮Уߵɫٴһ䡣
ڴͬʱĵǿޱȵϢش˷𣬽ӡGס졢ŷ໹λ벽Ϣͬʥ
֣㲻ǰǵɿɣڣǰȻ뺣¥¥ŷ˵
˵꣬ŷ˫Ŀʵʵ⣬ֱӶڵҶ棬Ҷ棬ͷڹ꣬Ҫʱ
Ҫǵͷڹ꣬Ͳŷ¥Ǻư˵ɣǵҪôţҶ涸س˾ʥԡ
ŷһָܼ򵥣¥ˣҶгûʲôϸ
Ҷлļλ磬мֵ壬мԡм֮ģվһ˽Թ
İ˱ӹƨ
ʥֵһ壬ͬˣб£ǾͷֽҵҪмҶ֣
ʱֵܼƴͻΧһٺ٣ĸûˣûҵңɱ˻ٵ£ֵܼԳǸ˳֣ŷ˵꣬ʥȷŭ
һ֮ͨ£ŷȴ治ɫĳ帲ʥ˹֣屡죬ŷĳǸҶģ𸲺֣ɾͲԶˣ
˵屡죬ҪϷ˵ʮа˾ǵֵ֮飡
ԣҶɫһ䣬ǰڵʱȴƺʥסˣŷģֵ֮飬壬㲻Ѿˡ
ϷɻģȻֵĸ壬򺣴ʥ󲻸ҳ
ûаλİΣţ
һɲǣҶ޲˺ŷ죬죬ֱ񶾵£Ҫ־ߣⶼܱķĿ
ҶҲףʱ򣬲ܷŭһŭŷȦˡ
Ҷ֪ʱҲóˣƺʥײȴҶᶨľܾˡ
Ҷһ̤ɲǣδľʥҶĻ꺣ĵܣһʱ䣬ܿͺã
ҶһŹ֮࣬Ӧ̤
ŷ¥Ϊ˱ǵһͱɳ฾ˡԺŷĽгŷ˰ɣҶЦ
˵ɣҳôţ


1099 췴ת
Ϸ򽭺ϵĳƺ򺣴ʥģϷ֮˷ô࣬һǲ򺣴ʥޱɱ
ǲʥһν֮ʹжϣҶҪվʥ屡죬ڽҲһ̸ǰɣŷЦ
һ찡ŷ¥ߵڰ׵ı£治Ǹǵģ˵ĻҲܹ˵ôƯ֮Ҷңң֡
ġ
ϻ˵Ǹ˵ģϽµСүžǣҶǴֱĴŷĿ׻ŷЩΡ
ΣŷƤ˲Ϣ
򺣴ʥȻǿ˿ȻˣҾֱ˵ˣ򺣴ʥҪȫֵ֮壬ҪޱɱվʹʹһΣŷ˵
ԣҶ鶸һһ˭
򺣴ʥгģ¥򺣴ʥֻϷ֮Уѡһֻ֣Ҫֳʤսƽǲȥ֮ĶԹҲһʹ
޳ܣ
ŷģǵƤö񣬲
һص߸ϹҲóŷ˵꣬ʥƿڴ
ôɸڵҶɱ㵱ƽʥѪôܹȫģ
Ӷ̤ǰһЦ޶ˣ˵İʹоѲźȱһЩеλʥѪ᲻ʤΣҷǳʵġ
򺣴ʥ˵ǰɣһ仰ȴֱָҶ档
Ҷͻظֳһ˿Цŷƣǹİ
˵ʵҶ治ʲôӢۣǰƽҶʳеˣʥǵѪᣬΪҶ֮ʶɱ¾裬ҶͿȥˡ
ò˵ŷһлݡ
ΪĿǰ£Ҷ˵ıƸһսˡ
˵ʵҶʵϿص߻һս֮ǿߣ£ûκλʤĿܣ֮ս
ǵޣ򺣴ʥϣŷЦһ
ΪģҶȴЦһҽǱˣ
ԣŷȴЩЦû뵽򺣴ʥм֪֮һεıǴˮlҩ֮ͿʼıģȻмԳһ⣬ǣչ黹Ϸơ
ŷĻûأһǳׯ֣صһ㼫侫겨С
ֻҪǸߣֻҪһĻʲô
ԣ
ڷԣ
ֻǴʱԵʱ䣬ǳĹ졣
ʱԵˣǱˣǾδľʥʱһµһԡ
Ҿڴ֮ģԣаԣ֮ŵһаԣҾϾ޴
һڳʱɵˡ
˭Ҳ벻ףǹսһµ龰£ΪʥϴΪʲôͻȻ֮ðôһûͷûԵԡ
֣ض
Ҫ֪߶ԣʲô׺䣬ʲôϾǲ񶾵ԡ
ʱ˵עе˾ʥϣŷࡢӡG׵˶һɵĿ˾ʥԹӷתţڲžʥ˾ٵ⡣
ϾΪһĿֲڣʥǾԲԵ޹ʵķԵġ
ҲڴʱʥĿһתؿ¥֮һˣԵˣ
һ·ޱȵľһ㣬һ겨ɲǣ𣬡Һڴ֮ģ֮й¶֣ʮ֮ڣճŵ£򲽲֣²˳ʹ˶Ͼ
˵꣬첻ܲŷӾ飬شһӵɷţӴ˿ǺɷΪͬˣУ
Ӵ˿ǺɷѣӴ˿̣˭ҽڶֵܣݹϷ飡
˵꣬һ˾ʥԣͬһɲǣһǧкߣžľ˾ʥ
һĻֱϷһ㡣
ֱɷڶ߳վȥŷӲŷӦҶ棬ʶĲ˲۾̫һġ
Ҷ벻ͨʥú˵תӪġ
Ҷ벻ͨŷȴǼˡ
ʱΧǧ֮Уһǧɷһǧ¥ʱ߻ˣķһнһǧˡ
˷ľߣʱ·ϣǴʱ˴Թɡ
ԭƾЩǧǿԼСĴ۸ɵƻ涯֣Ƽֱ˼㡣
ŷ֮Ƶı֮»ֱҶսҪΪʥ
ǰƺʥԣǧ׵ĸɵҲ׵ĻʥǣҪʥȫɱǻϲ̫ܡ
ܣǵУҲҪ
ңֻҪʥֻ֮Ҫһ˻ǣƴҲӳȥ
ֶĴڣ˵ӳȥӳȥһԷڳЩˣǾԲ˯һġ
ֿǣӺŷ˴֮£ϧҡıҶս
ǣǽӻŷ࣬ζû뵽ǰɷ쾹Ȼˮ
ҪǣһˮֱӸ˹ͬˣֱӴһǧ
ֱӶһǧкڵĴڣһλսǿڡ
෴ģ棬ֱ˽֮һ
˳֮£ƾʹ˴䡣
һӾʧȥ˶ľơ
һʧȥ־ƣôǰŷҶƣͱһЦ
ԣŷʱǼˡ
֣ιˣ
׿ʲô˵¥˫ϣ鼱֮£ŷ࿪ڵ
ԣһĺȴЦһĶ¥Զˣ
ⲻܡŷʧ£ʲô¥ģ
ŷ¥ˣϷѾԣֲСֱ˵˵
ԣŷ೹׵ɵˣûѾڷԣǿٷҲǲܷˮġ
벻ͨ׿ʲôصĵڷԡ
ŷҲûϵجΣڲŸոտʼѣ
ҲڴʱʥĿ⺬ЦĿ˽ߵλ벽Ĵڡ
ϷѾԣλҪٲԣϷɾλûˣʥ˵
һԣŷ͵תͷüȲ˼Ŀ⿴˾ʥָλ벽ĵһš
ҲͬһɲǣŷɫѸٱɷޱȣǱΪɫȽϲ԰׵ĽӣһǱֽҪס
Ϊתͷһɲǣλ겨ɲǣԺһӰ
ı־


1100 ǵͷ
ʥָλһۣͬһɲ꣬˵棬һһٵķԡ
Ϸڴģ˿Υ뾸ʥ֮Լɢ˹
Ϸȵڴģ˿Υ뾸ʥ֮Լ
˵ڷԣŷӦẾͬʱӽǰͬˣУ
ȵӽǰȵͬˣУ
ɲǣẾͬʱվ˾ʥ࣬˵ˮ棬Χǧߣһ󶯾
ʱͷֱкڵתΣ뵽֮С
˵ļ룬ֳٴδ䡣
Χǧ߶ٴε䵽ǧˣ棬źɷһǧ˵ļ룬ټƴǡ
Ҫǣԭڸ߲֮УŷһͰ벽ˡ
ߣֻʥˣҶǿһ˵ȣǼռƵġ
ź졢˵ĵˮĶˣ¥Ķٵˡ
һ¥ƾʧ֮С
ȻŷӾĴˣ־תǴʧɫ
˵üͷͬʱ˴Σ˶˼һ⡪ʥ׸ЩŵʲôĺôЩðų׵¥˵ķվߣ
ܹڷԣ
ʵϣΪ𾪵ҶҲɻ⡣
벻ͨʥ˵Щ˴ʱĵˮйˣ
ǣҶ棬𾪲ѵŷӣû뵽ķˮǽĿθ˶ѡ
Űȵ߿ٵļ뵽һһޱɷشӾʥָķɢЩΪͶϹɢޣըװŭ
ɵǻѵҪӶǻϼ𣿡
ʥһȣЩڳΪͶ۹ɢʱˣҪģȴǾʥһ仰
֮ǰΧ飬ӿԼӿԵû
ǣڿʼʮϢ֮ڣģһļǵͷ˼ˣҪǲҵţӾͲݺľʥ
˵꣬ʥӥĿͶ˷ڶɢ﷢ëͬʱʥֱӵ
ʮ
Ǿʥһ֣λڵɢͬʱŽŷ๰֣ŷ¥£ˡңȣΪһˣ
ߣ߰ǲܱ
ŷ໹ͼһ£ǲŷཫ˵꣬ڵɢһͷҲص뿪˴ʱܿããʡ
λ뿪Ƶһŵһ㣬ʱ֮Ͳڶ
ң֮һЩȽߣĳЩĵ֮ģŻ˵Ͼ䳡滰֮ٿ뿪
ˣ˵תߣ˰벽ʥϣǿɾĵѪù군ˡ
˭ɵӣڴʱΣŷǿҲκβˡ
¥ǼҴҵʵǿ󣬲ıЩˣһָͷӲס
ӽˮˣŻ᲻ܡ
ƣɲ֮䣬ԳŲߵŷɵˡ
˵ʮϢϢʱ䶼Գߵ;ۼһ֣˸һɶ
ʱΧߣֻʣһǧߣ¥ʱۼΪߵͲһĽٺߣн˾
ҲޱȣԭҲڶʱھۼ֡
ҪǣӶ䣬ɵǣƿһƬ䧿䣬ֱӵ纣ȺףޱȣȻ޷᳹
͵ǰֹ˾ľ档
£Ƹԡ
Ŀкߣߵģǧˣǿߴﵽˡ
¥ߣкֻʣһǧˣǿ߾ֻʣŷࡢӡGˡ
ҲһɲǣʥŸոռĺɷ졢ȵẼһֵλԸϷɱһ˳ΪǵĴҵϰ
Ҳͬʱֵ
ȴûķ˸ۣҪɱɱôôϻ
ʱŷࡢӡGɫұ䣡
ͬʱʥЦһһ̤ȳ˽ӣӣ˵ģ͸Ӵսٻغϣ


1101 ܵ˸
ӣ˵ģ͸Ӵսٻغϣ
ʥŭ𣬾ǳĺŽһ㣬ʱⷽȫж
ŷ¥˫һʥһ̤¥¥ŷ࣡
ģ㲻ǺţôˣƺʥЦţϢG˹ȥ
ͬһɲǣɷ׺ٺһЦһīĹ⻪׺˹ȥ
ĺɱҲһɲǴ˿һǧкڵߣ˽¥ǡ
¡¡
·ĺ涸ǧ׸ߵĺˣÿһ֮Уһֻ;޴кڵĺޡ
˳ɲǣָ츳ܣ㶼¥
һЩɵõ͵ʱ߷ɣôùģ񣬻Ǳķ壬һֱӱһֻ޾̽˸С
һȴֱӱһͷͳ׵Ľҧͷ­Ǹоҧһ㡣
һɲǽź˳ļǧޣֻܱߺھۼĺкٵһ֡
ĺޣӰӰ´µźĿ̰ĶеߣŻ
ֲĺȺһĵ
һвԣƴ뺣ף˭׷
ȻӣźѹҲǲҡ
ʥ߶ĺޣкܴһ֣ʥͬ࣬ǵļӳֿ֮£ԽѹӰȵĽ͡
һеһУһɲ֮䷢ġ
һɲ֮䣬¥漸λ߲㣬Ҳ˼ת
ź֮Ƶŷ࣬ɫɲǣͷŭ쳷ж͸ܶ죡
ŭŷȴǲ˷һĨɫĵⶸǰ˲Ϣų⣬סǰһƬա
ոͻĸĸһеˮؾҵҵУɫĵ⿪ʼ顣
ǣôһλùĿصߣУһ壬ͳŷĵⷶΧ˲ϢͱһѪ

ŷɲǣGͬʱŭ
ǣGˣɾûŷȡһ㱦ʱˣһŭ֮˾ͷֻ⣬Ҳˣȱӡ
Gʲôܣո˴ٲҪһɫ˿аĹ⻪תۼͲG
ƺʥɷǸˣָᵯһĹžǰôһɲǣ˲Ϣ;ȥ
ʥŭ֮ͬʱ𣬵ֶţôһɲǣ֮ɢӲķһƺߣͷһĺˣѾѪ
ӣ㵱˺˵»Ұ죬ԶɣʥĴЦڿսGͬһҲְӿӵ
ԭָŽشʥ֮󷵹ͷǣȻ˵ܷΪʤʧһЩ
Ҳû뵽ǼԺĽӾȻǴ˶Ǵģһоͱʥˡ
ǾʱŭҲûʱ룬ƺʥĹǲƣǵµĲҽƵƵ
û취ĵȵĵȻֻǰ벽ЩкڵߣʱǻȺ˿ɵ
ӴʱȴǼԹĶҶһۣϵˣǱҶƳġ
ֱʧһȻ⼸ڷҩԪˣԴûһʱ䣬ǾԻָġ
һ֮䱻ʥˡ
һߺˣһߴХһ

·˻һشԶһͷ˫شԶ̽ӳ˾ʥôһߣȻһɴܵ˫ϡ
һ˻У˲ϢԶȥ
ͬһɲǣŷǰƮƷĽ𵶶رĿĹ⻪˲Ϣͱ̫һҡ
·һй򸲺ʥɲǣŷ౾ȴǷˡ
һ֮£¥ǣѾ֮ŷҲȥ
ɲǣǽ𵶶ط·һһŷȥķ
˲Ϣ䣬δüȥ¥ĽߣΧ֮·׷ײҽ
Զȥŷ϶Գһ˿ʹԭļƻ¥پҪȫȥġ
û뵽ӽһоȴȴǽҲˡ
ٲˣȾʥͷʱҲ˲ˡ
Σֻǰȴ
ǾȻᷴˮôܣ֮ʣŷͷڿ˼һ⡣
Ҷս֮ͼսȦʱҶпкڵߣѾʮˡ
ʱ¥ľӢԲԻ̳ˣҶ汳ӥƷһβ׷ɱ¥ľӢǣŪһһ
Ҷ汳ӥƷոһʥҶĻ꺣֮
ĵܣĪ׷ŷڣ׷ϣܷˣţȥ·ʥ˵
·˼ǣҶʵ
ʥɭȻһЦΧܵ˸۰ɣЩ˶ÿ죬Ǿܵ˺ܲĶڿܵЩ˳ԣ
ĵܣôҽɣһֵıãʥ˵
Ҷ΢΢ͷ֮ʣӥƷһʱԶ
նҴܵߣ˭ûע⵽ҶԶȥ
ŷӵȺ룬G׳׵ĻҪǻ¾ͻᱻʥȳ׵İ˽ӣʱ¶⣡
G˶һۣһ˿㡣
ͻȻ䣬һݵĿֲϢɢ
ɢɲǣոշľʥֱӳ˷һ꾯棬ףˣ
ףG˻˷깦Ƶı֮˵ʱʣĴڣҲܹɱ
ηGĴָУһöס
Ҳһɲǣ׽гֵöԲĿֲ͵صһΧǵļ˷ٵĺˡ
Ҳٵĺˣ˵ɲǣǶظһ˿
ɫɫĹ⻪رǰҹ̫֮Ĺ⻪һ㡣
ֲĳɫĲϢɢӦ˰ĵĽλкڵߣ۵ˣϢĻɷɻҡ
ͬûзӦģаۿžҪǳɫĹ⻪ɣɫĴ͵زƶϣ˲Ϣ巢˿ֲ
ʥҲһɲԳ壬˫צ̧ˮϣչĸϱ߲һһĺˮǧӢߡ
ڣЦһGٺ󳷡
ʥǸֹһ˿ζȴǴһӣ룬û꣡
׷
һ֣ǰһԵľʥ׷ȥ


1102 նɱ
¸ڣɾһ㡣
һɫٸҶɾ֮У˫Ŀ΢գһ㼫ĺɫ⣬Сèͷ·һһҶͷҶԵþ׶ء
ϸ۲Ļͻ֣ᷢƺŨصˮҶ΢ĺҶɶš
ҶһһµɶŨŨˮţɢǰԶ
ԭҶӽʯϵõƿҶڵͻͽҲܹ̽￪⣬״̬ѹܳ־á
ǣҶƿˮȴֲһΪҪǣҶϸĲ˾ʥݻˮ֮֮󣬶ˮ֮һĲѾﵽһǰδеĸ߶ȡ
Ҷ꺣֮еĺ֮ϣѾĸһ˿·ҶףҶԼˮ֮ƵĳΡ
ҲһζѣҪĵƣҪܾԶ·Ҫߡ
ǣһƵĳΣټϺˮӳ֣ҶƿˮҲﵽһ˼ĳ̶ȡ
Ҷоһˮ֮ϣϢ֮ڣǰڵĺڵһж;Ҷƿ֮С
Ҷʱͷ·һϵ֮һ㣬ڵһУҶС
˵ǣ첢ûֹͣÿһˮ֮䣬·һεϵһҶ渽ϱߵ˲ϢԶ
İ

Բ龰ҶӦ֮С
ʱҶѾ׵ס˺תں
Ҷһָо״£ڵļ΢һκɵĺεжϣҶʧȥ֮ﷶΧ֮εƿء
ǳΰķԲҶʱλڷķﷶΧĸӦһGѣҶܹڵһʱ䷢֡
ΣҶҲЩ⣬ԭƿˮҶɵĹ۲쵽ԲڵΡ
޲ĵ£ҲǷԲ
û뵽Ҷֽ״̬£Ȼܹﵽ
ҶҲףһ̬κεĲʱϵ۰Ĺ۲״̬
ʱһһϢĹȥҶͷСèҲǵһ㣬һġ
ͻأҶü΢΢һϷˮ˾ҵ𵴣ҶŵˮӦ
һһٴܹɲǣǴľ磬ֱӽҶ渽ˮ֮ϵ÷飬Ҷľ磡
Ҷ۾
ˣȻӳΧĶµѣ
û뵽绹㣡
ȻӳˣôǣԲ̫Զɣ
΢֮䣬ҶͶغֱǰ
ӰɲǣҶͷһΣӰͶҶ߳Ҷ֮£ηֲǰ
ҶԸСèǶССһޱߵʱۼɲǼ䣬ŨŨⷽ漸ʮ֮ڡ
ڴ֮ϣ߶޷͸Ũˡ
磬ӳˣ˵ҲȥΧǵǵĻҵG
Ҷ淽״̬ȻϣɢƿطԲһĶȴǷǳɡ
ΪԭG׵ٶȼ죬Ĺ򣬾ҶľѾֻһͷˡ
һֵһڽ
ֽӣ˭֪Ȼ˵ĲãȻǣ񾸺ǣʮа˾Ҫʰǣ˵
ȻҪʰǣΪʲôҪӻGЩ⡣
֮ǰЩܵô߰ɣңֻҪǷ붯֣͵õˣ˵
GЩ⡣
羸֮ǰԣֵ֮һѣǲΧˣ뱲ӣ˯һȾǿߣɲǸǵģ
ͬģֻҪǻصƾǻߺ̶ûκɣʱ򣬾͵úúõĿˣǵĻҵȴ޷ɱǣ

Ǹ𣿡һľ
ԣGȴһϲ磬ô˵ֻҪӻ棬;ԲӲģԺͶпܣ
ûнǱɱİգԺͣΣ׵͸š
ҪǾҶСӣҪѪ
꣡
Gû꣬ǰŵ̽رѳ飬ʱͺG۾͹ˡ
磬СģɲǣGڻ꺣֮зֿĲһɲǣ˫Ŀʵʵ⣬˲ϢͿŨŨˮ֮еŵһӰ
Ҷ棬磬쿴ҶɱţG
죬ɱȥ
ɫһӿ޾ʱǣ·һǰֵҶ档
ͬһɲǣGһҧѻϻᶸظָ֣ᵯһŷ·ʯһɫͷٵĺǰŨ֮еҶ档
˱ȫٱӣ¹Ѹףһɲǣ۳GɫͬʱŨ֮ҶӰ

谭ģġҶ桯ͻޡ
⡭
֮ɫشGϸ֣Ҷ潻Σ֪ҶǿȻ֣ҶҲɵһɱ
֮ʣG۽ǵⶸؿɢ˴Ũ֮УһҶ棬Ц
ã磬ϵˣ쿴
֮˳Gָķ򿴹ȥɾڸոתͷɲǣһֲ겨شG
һҶȴ˫֮ɫĹ⻪
Сġ
СֳڵɲǣҶ氵ɫ⣬Ѿֱĺ׵š
䣡
ֻԴ·ôһ㣬ǱùԽ߷Ľһͨһ㣬Դ˴̶Ĳҽ
֮УĴָϸѪҲһɲǼʱɢ
һɢʱ޷գ׵ξһ׹ȥ
磡
̶һɲǵľ䣬Gû˷ӦǹҶ棬Ǿȴף
ǱܵģֻǾöʱ޷սʤҶġ
ϾҶ֮ʱҶֵ³ʮϢοҶΪغˡ
ʮϢ֮󣬺ߵ׷ǸϵˣܹҶ棬Ҳǰ״
ԣһ£GʱͷӦѻϻ͵һΣط˴̶ѻ
ͬһɲǣGĳ׹Ĵס
ͼŴߡ
ϾҶ깥ȻҶĵǣƾϢĹ򣬴ͿԻָ
GһɲǼƣһжãǣؼʱ̣Ψһ飬ѻϻ巢ѻҶ棬ûκв
ҶɫǰѻСӷļһ򵥡
GбܹȥӰҶǶعһ˿Цͷ׹鶸ظ֡
¡¡
һ߰ˮͰϸ׹ͺG
ֲ׹ⲨGɫұ䣬һµĻƶشGԺ𣬻ŵɲǣסҶһߺ䡣
ͬһɲǣοҪ׹䵽֮еףҲһɲЩʹ۾Ҷһ֮лָ
ָӦԵļΪǱG鶸һɣһɲǣG鶸رޱȵľ֣
磬С
GľУһ絶Ĺʹ׵


1103 ǽ

Ŵؿͻľ޴۾͵صɴһŵģ
žţÿһ£ѪȪһţǱƿ룬˾Ŀ
硭
Gһ춯صıеѻϻ嶸ȼһȦɢſֲϢɫ档
GȻ߶ĻѻϻıԴ
ۣ
Ҳһɲǣ׵ԿǶ飬ǻ궸طɳ
ͣ
·˺ֽһ㣬ڵĹ˳жϣֱӽгɲǣŹľʥ˶ޱȵӡʱ͸˸ոӳ׵ꡣ
϶ӡ
׵ĸֵɲǣͱʥнС
ҪҶ淽һɵ˺̫ˣҪȻҲ˲ãֱӱʥӱһնɱ
׵һƺ˱ʹޱȵGǽһɲǣGͿЦҶ棬ǰоʥôӣ
ף磬㾹Ȼôնɱˣɲǣʥ
ʲôѾնɱףƺʥҲͬһɲ
ֵܷȴȫѡ˴Ӻ·׷Ǳ޴󣬷ٶȱȿ۷߿죬Ϊڣٶȴࡣ
Ҷ棬ƾӥƷҲǿٶʤǡ
ڴ֮еٶȣǾͲܹȵ˵ġ
˲ϢĹʥ˾ͽGΧ
ܣ˴նɱףĵ׹ĵȽˣҳֵĻᣡʥˬʵЦ
Ҷ΢֮ʣЦǴָзǴǰս
ҶˣȴǺGǽС壬ҲסGˡ
ԣG˫Ŀص˸Բû뵽ȻǾʥǰ֡
ʵһ㣬ҶҲȽϾȣҲܼ򵥣ҪǾʥûͷֶΣôأôһƬҵأ
Ҷ棬㻵ҴҲᡭGָҶ
ߣҲǸ˵
ʥһߣͺȵɱ
Ϸûǿܳһɷʱ
ʱGøӵľ
ԭʥΧ֮£ϣͱޱȵãټһĴں죬ϱɣ
ߣҲϼ汳ģ
֪G߳һޱȵɫⶸӿӿɲǣͻڵ棬עеĻѻϻ塣
ͬһɲǣһɫıԴѪ˻ѻϻ塣
Сģɢ
ҪԴ
ģȻֻᣡ
ʥʥƺʥͬʱ֮ʣηˡ
ʵ£Χ֮£Gûֻġ
ʵʥ֮ǰΪ˾׵GһɲǾѻϻĻԴڲλǿΧ·ͬھֶΡ
ĵܣˣˣ
һ߷ˣʥһ߳Ҷ
ϵģҶ濴һĻûκ˿ļ񣬷ǳеĴһָ
¡¡
ͷ׹һһںɫˮͰϸ׹ͱֱĺGϡ
ʱGɫѻϻıԴѪʱͱϡ
ͬһɲǣҶЦ⾪ףϵȴѲ
ЦЦҶͷ׹ȴǹ⻪ϣһһߺͷ·йһйGϡ
ʱҶ治ҵġ
ŵľףֻжGĻѻϻѣĶϿϵ
ǣG㾡ȫҪѻϻıԴͬھģȻϣҴܣ귴ɣ
֮ǰܴ߶һö֮Ƶ͵Ҷߺ䣬ʱ֮£ȴֻӲһһǵߺ䡣
ҶΪֻغڣGԶˡ
Ǽܲס׹Ͱ
׹ҶУǰγɳѾɳΪ޽ӽƷĺ鱦ˣҪǣ׹һö֮Դơ
֮ԴƵļӳ֣κһ׹⹥ܹΪ棬ӳǿ
ɲǼ䣬׹Gûѡ
׹֮£G¾Ȼȼ˴
ϢĹGͱһ߽̿
Ҷ棬Ҳ˱ӡŭһGѡ׵·
ʵGԼ߶ƿӵɲǣҲףⲻĴѡ
ôǿ߻ڴˣôӵˣ
Ǿѣ
СģҪӣ
δ䣬Ҷٴָᵯ¡¡ĹٴһǾ׵ͽGͣԭء
һҶ֮ĽG߬С
˻˻

ȴǸոոϵİȵếһĻͬʱһ۾һ㱩͹˳·𿴵ʲô˼һ㡣
򺣴ʥ桭ҲȻܹƾصΪնɱĴڣẵУͬʱľ⡣
λˣҶĳֻԵʻᣬɺɱGѣλ쵺ȹɱʮңҲնɱGģҶǫ
ԣɷȴһҶĿУض˼ּɵ֮ɫ
ǲҶ汾ΪҶ淽ŷĹ깥ߺѾ׷ЩĴڡ
ϧǣ֮ʱѾնɱûмʶҶش׵ģ
һԶѾײ£λȥ֮󣬾Կ˯ȾˣʥЦ
ǵǣ졢ͬʱͷǿߵв治Ǹǵġ
׶ս»δʥ˵
һһݣͬʱžʥֱȭʥԸ
ãܣܣϻתأø¥пɳ֮ͬʱ죬̽Ϣʥ

Ӧ֮䣬ƺʥ븲ʥͬʱԾʧ
쵺⵺ĵܣԸһͬǰʥЦʵ
Ҫ߾ߣϻࣿǸٴη˸İۡ
Ҳãϳȫ۹ͣ˵꣬һ˳ͬʱҲͣ÷ѶԵ·
ʥڴ˿̿ĲɵҶ棬괫ĵܷģȽˮһ£һĵܽ
ң»ĵйأĵܵİ˳ɣʥ˵
ԣҶеĺ֮ɫŨ


1104 
ĺ֮ϣ˫¥¥ŷ໥ӣ
Ψһͬŷһջ𣬶ӵ飬԰֮дżΡ
ô˵һжӲסŤͷأºˣ׵ĸʥҲŷһԹ

ǳ̾һϷֻŲߣֻǰļƲ£˭û뵽ξȻֱת£ȻֱӶ֣Ϸǰ䧴δһȥͱ˾ˣֻ룡
ǹҿŷ鶸һ䡣
ôᣡ
Ͼ˭ҲûϵǾȻôһصĵƣܹ쵱Էˮĵƣ
˵׸ŵʲôðŽķյˮʵ
ҲأʹѾ¥֮´Ҫ̵ʱڸʥĵơ
ǰȵẲۣú쵱ˮģ;Բ򵥣ŷ˵
һ֮󣬽ʵһȻʧˣȴŷʧ֮ŷǼ˫ҪôԸҶ棬ŷֿд㣿
⣬ŷ˫ü˴֣սҶ滹ͳ׵γ
ҪǣһսǷʥҶĵĸ飬治ǸǵģֻɱҶ棬պ˯Ҫϰֻۡ
ԣӽҪԸҶ棬ҪһɾնݳˣϵƣԼҪòܳ׻ָŷʵ
ϷϵƣҲҪһָҪ׻ָĻһϰɡӴ
һ֮ǿɸպǷʮһϹħ֮ʱǾ͵Ϲħ֮ٶȫŷѯ
һΪ
žŷ˵Ϊġ
޶ˣش·㣬һҪ취絽Gˣ
ʱԸ˲ʵǿҲĴڣлҵ֮ޣԻŷ˵
ŷ¥ģֻҪ˻Ϸһܹ絽
˵䣬һ˽У΢΢һǲ԰׵Ͻеһ˿Ѫɫ˲ϢȥΣҲ˼¡
⶯ŷ䣬ܹý˱֣ѶݣԷͬСɡ
ʲôˣŷ༱æ׷ʵ
ȴûϻشŷڴУϰ죬Ĵոյõ׼ȷ鱨ʥ׸G˫˫ˣ
ʲô˫˫ˣ
ǿˣһλⲻܣŷ͵ش
ȷ䣡
Ϊ˿ٵĻֱ̌׸G˵ġʬתһȦдĴָ֮еȡŵɲǷͶ˵⻰ʱ򣬽ӵĶЩʧǵġ
ԣŷҲһףˣ궼ûĴˣ쾹ȻʥһŪ
ʥϺ컹ȣҶˣȷʵλĿܡ˵
仰ŷð춼û˵˺һǻع
óɱˣҪȻպңҲĿܡŷ˵
ŷ¥ģϷ֮󣬵ʱȫΧʱһȫϷ򣬾˵λϣҲԳɽһλ˵
ãʱ˳λĴڣ¥ͳλһҪȫһۣ
ȫһۣڣһ֣˫һ֮˲ϢԶȥ
Զ֮󣬷ԶŷŷּҵͬʱΧ
¥ѵһʱڣǾͶҶβܣҶɳǼһĳɳٶȿǡ
ŷʾסһ㣬ϷǸҶΪѾغڣſ̤뿪һ֮ң
ҶˣغڵΪܹڵߣҪ̤뿪֮ǰĳɳٶȣһԺǻ˵ã
¥˼ǣԸҶ棿ϲ
ȻҪԸң˴ϵļƻŷ˵
һԣʱͼˣ͵ǰֵҶɱּôˣҪԸҶ棬ּӵܣ¥֧ʹֻҪܹҶӵͷ
飬⣡ǣɱҶ£ɱҶģԲ¥ŷ˵
ΪʲôһȻ
ʥʥΪҶ֮һеķı˭ܵס˭ܳסǸʧ
һ£ŷŵҶǣ¥𣿡
һ£һ͵صͷУ׹䣡

ڿٽһϣҶһμʶ˾ʥɱ
ֱӿG˵ʬѲ˸𷴿֮ģʱͽһء
󣬾Ѫȵϴˡ
ٳǧ߱¾GܿѪá
ţʳұɱһʱ֮䣬Ѫ죬񲻸ҽ
ȻҶͳ˧ֵҲɱ飬ִ¾ĳ棬ҶЩľҶǱġ
ƣסGӡŷЩľԻ
һϴ֮󣬾ûʲôˣϵ۱ߵѾʼȫӹ
Ȼ󣬾Ƿߴˡ
ǾŴ󸣵֮һϱԴḻڶȻҪϷһܸŽᡣ
ھʥУGҶУԣͷ͹ҶʥҲ
ʵģҶ뾸ʥͷֱѡϵ֮뺮̶
طϵϵ°빦ұܹ۳Ʒ龧żܻ۳鼫Ʒ龧
һҲһ˲õ룬Ҫǣ룬£㻨龧򲻵ġ
գϵջ񣬰ֿҩֱӱǿ±ūȵ棬ռ߳ɣռɣ˹ռһɡ
ռ߳ɣЩԿϾ˶࣬ˡ
ǻ뺮̶;Կˡ
졢Լֹֽ֮ͬϵԼҪΪ֧Ԯ֮ˡ
֮ʥֵһٷߣǾʥµĹءֵܣʣ
ʥ˼ҶҪռͷҶܡ
Ҷףûʥ˵ȡ˴սܻܲ⡣
󣬽еջδƽֳķݣա
ϣҶ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ˾ʥ˼ײ
һҶģʥЦˣĵΪ֮£漱ˣôôúõĸһ˵
֮ǰһҪĵܻش𣡡
뽲


1105 ֮
ĵܣá˵ӦУҡ硢硢ŷࡢӡ졢Gסˮl˵Ϊʲô磿ʥ֣صʵ
Ϊ磿Ĵ𣿡Ҷɻ
ֻһ磬ַΪһأΪЩ˵Ϊֱأʥٴʵ

Ҷüͷʥ⣬ЩŹ֣ϸ˼ʥ⣬Ǹ⡣
Ҷ棬ƺûиӦ⼸λǿ֮ԵΪ࣬ϸƺЩ˵Ϊడ
ǸҶνֵGҶ׽ľʥʥƺʥˣէһ֮Уʥǿʥƺʥ࣬Gˡ
ǣҶָоʵֻ֮սǿУΪϵǿ
ϸ˼ƺGɢΪϢʥ˲ûʲôࡣ
һˣҶɲǼͽ˽ͨľ磬͸޼ɵھʥϲ̽
һ̽ҪҶȴǶһ͡
λΪ磬ȫһһ۷廹Ƕ۷壿Ҷʵ
һ۷壡ʥأ
磬ǰû⣬һѣҴʱٻ䣬о֮Уλŷࡢ졢GףΪӦȫһ۷壡
ЩУͽˮlΪǸ߳һߣӦسڻڣƺ̫Ҷԥ˵
ԣʥҶ˴ĴָĵܵȻ۲΢ǣĵ֪ҡ硢绹нӡЩˣʲôʱΪһ۷ģ
ʲôʱ򣿡
ʮǰʮǰʮǰѣ
УǰͽΪһ۷ģһٰʮǰΪﵽһ۷塭
ȸʥ˵꣬Ҷ۾͵ɵص˸Բ硢硢磬ٶĹˣΪԭأûһ˿һĽ棿ôܣ
ԣֵͬʱͷûĹؼˣĵܣֵۣǽӻк죬Ӧ֪ɣ
ǿ֮ĳδ߰ӵһسһ۷壬ֻʱѣ
ǣһ۷ͻƵسڣһʮ꣬ңʮ꣬Ϊûκδ
ã𣿡
Ҷ潫ͷҡø˹һ㣬Բ
ʲôԭԭ򣬻ǡⷽصԭ򣿡˵ţʥָָָա
Ҷ鶸סˣЩȻΪܹһأǾġ
仰˵ĸԭ򣬺пⷽصԭ
ʱҶһͻȻʶпܽӴһܣһܡ
磬˼ǣⷽصԭͲҪӣֱ˵ɣҶ波ʵ
ʥЦЦ£Ҫ֪Դźã
ȻҲֻ֪ԴΪʲôԭǵΪĿǰ̶ֳ֮޷Ҳȫȷ
̽ЩĴ˽գһ˵ķ֣ʥ˵
ʲô֣
ˣȻ޷Ӧеκһ˵۵Ϊ磡
ҲĿǰΪһ۷޷ͻκδĸԭ򣡡ʥ˵
һȸӦҪˮ֮֮֮ȻԼΪۣӶ۳Ӧĵơ
ˮ֮ƣ֮Ƶȵȡ
ÿһ۳ĵƣȫͬϸ΢Ĳÿ޵Ĺɳйء
ҶЩɻ󣬡磬԰Ҫ޷Ӧ޷۵ƣΪѹ޷ӿͻƵ
ĵܣ㵱ЩͻƵǿƺʥ
ô£ҶһĲ⡣
ֵܣ壬Ǻ壬ˮѪУѪ֮УŸԵ츳츳ȴҪƵ֧š
ԣѪ֮УһеĵƵġ
ԣֵܣǽѪе˳ͻƵȻ໥ݻƣ֮£Ϊܿʹﵽһ۷壬ǴӴˣκͻƣƺʥ˵
ˣGס컹нӣǻԵ֮õĴ뱦֮Уһ˿ȱĵƣ֮۳ĵơ
ǿľǽˮlӵĺ֮УˮƣΪ˳һ۷塣
˵Ͼ˵ˣ֮Դ̺һ˿Դ꣬ýӵΪͻƵأǣҲǳĻ
ӵõֻһУ˵ܹõĺУܹ̺֮öˮԴƣȻ󣬾ͿԲöˮԴƣӶϴ
ҲǽΪʲôҪɱԭ򣡡ʥ˵
ˮԴƣҶͷһóĺܣڽʵ磬ϱߵ̵ģǲǺˮԴƣ
Ҷ֮ǰΪǺԴƣ
Ӧǣǣ޷ݻ޷ҪȻԽЩΪͻˡʥ˵
ԭ
֮ʣҶͷͻһʣ磬ȻӵõһǰӦǰ֪⡣
ôΪʲôԼȥУǿ֮󣬵һ֮أҶʵ
⣬ȴþֵͬʱҡͷȷʵйŹ֣ǣǻ治֪йϹŴе飬̫࣬Ҳնɱӡĺ֮󣬾ͻ⿪ɻˡ
նɱӣп𣿡ҶУؾ䣡
ʥ͵վĿƵĶҶĵܣסˣϣûа첻ɵ£־ߣ¾ɣ
ԣҶصĵ˵ͷ
ˣԹԴӷ޷Ӧ֮ǾһֱѰԭ
ΪˣǿѰ˽꣬ȻƬ½Ϊǿ뾡һа취Ľգóһۣʥ˵
ʲôۣҶʵ
޷Ӧǵԭʮа˾ţһس⣡ΪǵѪ֮УӦʲô̫ѵ飡
ѾֵߣΪ츳УֻΪһЩ챦鱦ֻ߻ĳЩĻͻƵģûκһǿͻƵġ
ǣǿʼ㼣˷Ǽ̤½ÿһƬ򣬵ǣնûҵκνİ취
׵ģΪ޷һˣǶôʹһ飡
Ǻż̽ϹŸţо˽ֵ꣬óһۣҪΨһۣʥ˵
ʲôۣҶЩš


1106 ؼ
뿪
ֻ뿪һƬ·һգǵܻǲ¸Ӧһ·ߵĸԶն˵
뿪Ҷ૵𾪵
ûĵܣֻ뿪ɲԴľҲǼ̽óΨһۡ
ţʥʥƺʥַҶ潲⼸̽ã˵ǽ۵ȷԣһǽһʱ
ʥԣߵĴУҪ伮Ҫ汲֮Ŀڿഫ
ִзʽǳ㣬õģйҲɣ޿ɷϵǣйҲʧܶྫʷ
岻һѪ֮У̺ԶĴм䣬һѪΪﵽͻʱá
ѪдԶϵĴУĳһλΪﵽ޵ĳ̶ȣôͨ޸ϵĴС
ߣǧǰͺܲˣǰǣĴȴ
ھʥ˵Ĵ֮Уǰǵ汲ĵطѹ½ǽк硣
ȻħҲǸռһأ£ѹڵ½һ㣬һС
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ǵļУޱ޼ʣ˵Ǵ󺣣½ضޱߡ
ǵĴмУǵ汲пŲͨ񾳵Ĵڣ֮󣬲ͨ
Щͨ񾳵ĴڣͣЪķϰ꣬Ҳɲ½ľͷ
֮⣬Ǵм汲֮أ½ǧֲͬ
⵱УʥҶᵽһҶ
ʥйǵ˵λʵ壬һֻŰٷ֮һѪˡ
ǰٷ֮һѪҲҪʥѪ߹ʮٱֹ£λڵĴмӦñҪԶҪĶࡣ
ԣȥڽ
֮󣬲ӵȷƶϣһЩ뿪Ƭ½
֪뿪Ƭ½ķж
һԣ缫޴󣬱˵ǹᴩ磬һ֮ڵĽǨƣꡣ
ǣϹŵ󷨴ܣ˴Ų󣬹̻ڸԹķǨʹãŲ󣬱֮ΪϹŲ
ֻҪ㹻龧һŲ˶⡣
ϹŲĻϣ󷨴ʦֿ˸ֹģСһŲʹãϧǣ½Ų֮Уֻпƶ΢Ų
ŲֻһľԶŲƴС޵ƷС͡͡ϹŲһûС
λѪڵĴм֮УλϹŴ̻ڸϹŲ½Ͼһ
½֪ιʣò仯̫֪УǾģͲ֪ˡ
ڵһ뿪Ƭ½ĵڶ͸ӵƮˡ
˵һЩϹŴ챦ƿѰұԴ֮ܣǻԵɺϣɽ뿪½ҵνĺ硣
ڶʥȻῼǣǿʼ̤ǧɽˮѰǸ½ϹŲ
ϧǣ䣬ǵ㼣̤½ĵһ䣬ڣûзϹŲ
ûзϹŲȴһưܵϹŸ˵һλ˾Ÿ
Ÿ֮УǷһЩߡ
λ½ϹŲ󣬲Ǻֹ֮˵ϹŲ󣬶ܽսŲ
Ҫطܶλȥ
طʥȻ֪Ƕ෽֮£λν֮һ£ҵһطķ

Ҷǡһʵǽеĵڶˣһʮǰǲ֪ʲôԭȴʧˡ
˵ڶ
Ҫǣһƾϸע⣬һʱɡ
ģʥϹŴУҪϹŴС
Ϊڶε˻ȻҶĸǿߴæǰժӵһĻ
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Ҷ벻ͨĵط
ԭż̳٣ǻΪˣû뵽ĵܾȻųˣƺʥ˵
磬ȻˣҴʱͽϹռĳڡҲһڵλøǰɣҶһ˵
ڴ֮ǰҶһֱλãԴʥǣҶҲû뵽ʥƴֵܿУ˾ͳֵܡ
£ҪҲûκˡ
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˵ʥһǾҪȫ׼飬ϹŲõĺ龧УǴڿʼҪȫѰҲ׼Ըֻ츽׻ķ
⣬Ҫ뿪ϵѪҲҪǣҲҪ׼
һ׼֮ĵܴǰϹռؾ֮ڣܷҵѰ֮·
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ĵغڵΪдؿ֣һ֮ڣͻƿûκ⣬Ϊͻͽ֮ʣ˻Ǳʵ뿪ƺʥʵ
һ£Ҷ濪ˣλ磬¥¥ŷƽмλԼλѪҾ飬Ҳ˰ɣ
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ҵĵľһ㣬ĺֵųȻҲߡ
ǺΪƶ񤣬ѷΪһ㡣¥Ϣ֮ͨƲѾ֪ҵһУǲֶΣҵһ
˵Ҷ˫ĿжظŨŨĵ֮ɫһ㣬ҲһҲ͵ʡˡ
οǰʾıҶ֮£ɲҶ治ġ
ԣֵҲǵһ£¥Ұɣ˼Ҿ죬¥ֵǧ򱶰Ͳǵķ񱨸𣿡
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ǰ£ҶĲ¥ҪѣʦһҲסԣұתһˡҶᶨ˵ǧɽˮģѱ⣬ԣϹռؾλãһǡ
ĵܣᣡʥ͵شҶĻĵܣסˣλ֮·ϣԣΣһҪŻ
磬ĵ˲ңλ֮ҲҪ¥ˣ㱨𣡡
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Ҷ滹˵ʲôȴʥ赲ˣĵܣʱȣͲҪϻˣϽȥ׼ɣҪʲôȥؼ龧ҩĵرȵȣܿڡ
Ҷ滹˵ʲôλǼı飬ֻܵͷӦˡ
ûҪ飬ĺܶܶ࣡


1107 С
ʵҶĴ㣬ԽתԽá
ΪһҶǳĿ϶ŷӱƵٽһ㣬ʥûӦԵĺֵĻ
ҶĻŷλǿ֮ѡһλȥƴġ
ȻҶôܴҶ£ֻģ£Ǿʥû֣ҶͱôȥȻȥѰһ
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Ȼûô׾ŵġ
Ҷȴһ֤ݣۿҶǼƷռ֮ڣȴֻųˡ
ھʥ֮Ҷ֤Ȼͼᶨķˮˡ
Щֻ쾪תĸԴ
Ǿת֮ҶȴǾһ亹
Ϊֻһ㣬ŷƾͳɹˡ
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ҶãŷŲ֮ŷʮа˾žҶתһ㡣
ôҶĻת֮·ԻΣķ
Ҳŷ͵Ҷתء
ֿǣҶҪһʱ׼
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һ£ȻľͨˣһϦ֮ɵľͨǾԼսеɱ֮ҶþĲ
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ľͨصǸԿܱߵĻľΪĿֱӽһЩ̺ĻľʱĻ
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⻹Ҷ˸ۿۣΪľͨԣľ֯ڷƷķֶΡ
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ңֹˣõ
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ҶοǣСÿһ춼ڳɳÿһ춼ڱ仯
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ҲҿҪȻҶһСӳҶ
ҲʱҶŻӵ˼ĸ
ν֪ĸһͨҶͷʹޱȣôԸĸĸǷ˶ѪһѧӤ˵ģ
䣡
СԵĵһΪʵ˼
ְ֣ˣԺҶˣһţС˵
ԣҶȴǸӵĿЦã仰˵̫ˡ
Ҳţ˾˵㽫ڵȡɣûģȴǽһһͣĳɾҶ˵
Ҽ˰ְ֣
СɵҶЩпΪŪ˸û뵽ȴŪһľͷӡ
оҲõġ
ʱ䣬ת˲ľ֯ҶҲϰĲˡ
Ҷǿɫйϵ
ּԵĹٶȷǳĿ졣
һöߵ⣬һĵ
ǰĴս󣬷ֵҶ⣬ͳһٿŵģȫǿкڵߣϧûʱ
ϣλʥ˻ȥȺ㣡Ҷϣͳʯǰ˵
֪ˣ
Ϣ֮Ҷͳڡ
ƺλʥ͵һ㣬ҶʾҶµͬʱͽһö˸Źӹ⻪ĴָƵҶǰ
λ磬ʲôҶɻ


1108 Сèĥ
ĵ㲻Ҫϼ½飬ǲܵģҪģ
ֵܣĵǵĵԣߣһ⣬ʺţԺлᣬǻԹȥһ˰ʥ˵
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ͷ֮࣬ʥһľϸͼûеģǣԵͼǻеģĵԵͼӣ
ˣϻ˵ˣĵҪߣУʲôҪǰģҲܿڣʥ˵
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ʱҶҪܿϺܲޣֻּܳ۸߰Ŀʹ纣󣬶Һϸֽ޳鲼ǳ纣Ҳתнٶ
ʱԭʮֱ߾룬춼Ʋȥ
תȴһˡ
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ҶƼȻ½㣬ҶʱҲûȥһһ̤ģתƹ
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ţˣ½ңСèıϣҶٴα۾
ҶһεûгһʱͱСèС׵ĻβŪˡ
ţʲôˣҶʵ
СèͺһʾҶ濴±ߡ
ͷȥɲǣҶ΢΢һ


1109 ͬӦļ
·ĺ֮УʮֻħΧѪ죬ʮΣ
ħһֱȽϺޣƷֻƷսȴֱ׷Ʒޣʮֵ׺
ΧҲǴÿ˶һ׵Ʒƺ˴Σ˱սӣǷֱǿءصΪʱŵķǳǿ
һѾɺԵѪѾΧ˲ʱˣǱģҲŲ̫ˡ
ͷһҶСèһλðͬʱʹһ֮˹ȥ
ָһ꣬öʹҶָɳһȺħܡ
ʱҶΪϸ赤Ϊس۷壬ΪҲޱȡ
ޱȵ۳겢ұʮϢ֮ϣҲǿ۳
Ҫ֪ҶܹðǿˣοǶԸʮֻΪֻ൱ڿߵޡ
䣡
ö걬ɲǣ䱬ֻħܣܱߵħҲܵˡ
һĻýתϲؾһ𣬷ͬʱߺԮ֣ҵһк񱨣
⻰ҶЩҶǣΪ˻رֻ˳ֶΪ
һ·ϣҶƵĳ־кüΣȻⲢҶ¡
ҶֻͬΧһߵʱ򣬲Ż־ˡ
ֲΪģֻǾͬΪˣˣң־֮£ҶԣֻǾ֮Ͷѡ
ȻҲǴֵ¾ˣ߳ɱ׷ɱ֮ģҶҲ
ҶѪҪ̫ˣҶܲԲܣֻںѵߡ
֮ʣҶڴͬʱµʮֻħƺҶǿУֳͷҶ档

߳һҶһϢشҶ𣬶
һɲǣֳΧҶİֻħУֻϢ׹档
ֻħܱҶɫ۳Ļ̸һ£ʱɢˡ
ҶɫΪһǻ̵¶һЩߵ깥Ҫǿˡ
ħҲмԣҶ˿ֲµֻħܼһһɢӡ
ҶҲ׷ɱɷȥĿ⿴һ۸ովδĹһת뿪
֮ǰ˵ҶֻǾ֮˳ֶΪǰһ֮󣬻涼ʱԶݡ
ǰǰҵһȡҶոתɲǣ빨հݵ
Ҷ汾ֱ뿪˵һȣЩɻⲻǾˣѾˣҪ
Գһ£Ҷ滹ǻͷˡ
ҪҶ·
ǰһ·ֱգֻмԵĺͼ׼Ϳԣٽ磬͵ʸˡ
ҪȻһ·񱼱ͷֱӴ˺һĺ˷ʱˣϾŴǻͨġ
˲Ѿȫ𣿻ҪҶתԶԶüʵ
ҵȰлǰֵֻܶںѣ纣󶼱޻ȥˣԦնУȴһһޣһͱħܸɱˡ
ֵֻܹܲβǰ󣬽ǰӻҵһ򵽿纣С
˵ţǸ빨˸Ը߾˫ַһöָҵ֪ǰ־ΪС
ֵֻܶ˵һ⣬ǰЦɣ
ǣͦ˵İ
Ĳ˵ֵ˵Ļ˳
Ȼ˳ҶҲ˳ˮ顣
һУöָ͵Ҷǰ͸ɲǣҶһоŰ
öָ֮УŶʮƷ龧һѴӺײҩĵر֮ģԼÿҲǷʮƷ龧ĲƻۺƷ龧ǧ鲻
ҲСèٷĿѡ
Ҷתһ룬Ҳ˿٣ҪҶĸߣͿˡ
һ͵򸻺ܿϲŹ֡
˵ɣҪȥǷ˳Ҷöָ
ָڵĶҶȻϣҲ˵⣬Ҷˣ͵ǸСèŪĿˣҪҶ治գǰ˾͵ˡ
Ҷ£빨ϲĻصǰ׼ǰᵺǰȥҲҸıǰгֻ̣Ҫǰβں󣬵һ߾ۼĺ֮뿪ǰ
ᵺ
֣ҶüͷһΪҶĿҲǳᵺ
ᵺǺ֮Ψһһ߾ۼĺͬģᵺһҲΪƶ񤡣
ᵺȴǴӺıؾ֮·ҵᵺϿȷķˡ
ھʥҶļͼϣҲעһ㣬ֻûоλá
ǰǰᵺȴҶɻ
Ϊڱע֮Уⳤᵺϣһص߶Ϊټģ϶뿪ǰˣλصȥ
ᵺȥƶ֮ʲôҶʵ
Ҷǵ˵ĻشҲΪʵǰⳤᵺȷʵƶ֮أĺҲԸ̤㣬Ͼ·ȥΣջȫɱ
ǰЩӣȴͨصĺļļкڵǰЧһꡣ
Ϊӿ𲽣ÿ¹ӶǧƷ龧ΪÿһأӶһǧƷ龧иֵҩš
ϵصȴڳᵺ֮ϣļҲ˵ˣֻҪϵᵺͿ쵽ǧƷ龧ĳѣҵȾǰӦļģֻû룬⡣
ÿǧƷ龧һƷ龧ӽ߰Ʒ龧ȻҶ濴ϣӶһλһĿҲ㹻ˡ
Ӷǣõᵺϣ֪Ǹʲô𣿡ҶѾЩˡ
еķ֣Ҷʶ˲Ծ
ᵺƶ֮أƶޱȣ߶뷽跨뿪ôôļô࿪ʲô
Ҫ󼯺ϵᵺ
Ȼ䣬Ҷᵽһıζ
᲻Ըҵأ
ɲҶô룬Ͼʱϻǵصϣ̫ɺˡ
ļֻֻ޿кߣҪֺ֪Ժ֮ǰսϼλصߣֻҪмܺɨˡ
һˣҶʱ뷨
һƷ龧гѻеҩ񰡣Ҷ涸װһȵģ
ǰǰҪȻҲᱼ¼ˡ˵
ԣҶװȤģʵ֪ļûƣҲ׬죿
˵ֻʮˣȵУǰǰȥӦÿӦļϵģ˵
ãǾͬӦļ
ʱϲ漴ͷѡ


1110 
ȻҪͬӦļôҶ͵ĿʾˣǰǰһװȻûġ
ǵﳤᵺ֮Ҷ⸱ɣעǻ鷳
ԣҶɢȥ֮ǰ֮Լòıһͨһ̫ϴżֲɣߡ
òҶΪҲ֮һ
ԣļֻļؼϵߣҶʵΪֻغڡ
Ҷԣʲô⡣
ɫɢҶɢ˾˵ǿѹҶ澫Ŀ£ɢϢѹǿغڡ
ҪΪҶΪǿҪȻҲαװˡ
ңҶɫɢϢ£˵һλ۷ߣһλߣҲ޷ҶϢαװġ
ǿߵΪҶǿֻҪǿĲ̫ףҲǿҶġ
ɫƷϵƣɫ׷ϵġ
αװ֮£ֻҪҶڶ֮ʱСĿҲ±¶
λѣȻҪͬнӦļͲҪʲôǰǰƺˣҲֻǡᣬ֮ͶѣҶЦ
ԣ빨ͷݺٱֻһ·ϣѶչˣ֪ôƺ
ǶĿǰƺҶ棬ʵҪҶӴһ̣Ͼʵ̫Σˡ
ʧ˿纣ֶˣ˻֣ãã֮ϣûʲô
յңǰùļ֣ƴʱȴǲˣ˼һ£Ҷͱôһ
֮յңҪ˵Ļ˧УԵԾӣĻ˧յңҶʱҲԵԾӡ
Ҷʱޱߣ˳ȡô֡
ԭǵ֣֣һ
νϷȫףȻ˽ͬУôҶ־ԵСèкѹ͵ʰ
ҪȻҶ·һ·ͨ裬ϹҲɡ
ǣҪҶ˴һһȺɱȥ
ԵģҶó˾δõӰ纣ѡ˴ӺǰУҲܹܿ󲿷ޡ
ǡɵǣǰᵺϸͼȻ⺣ͼϵ·תƵģֱУ໨ܸϵᵺ
ҶҲ⣬ҶãǳᵺļǸһҪԸǺôҪǻУκ˶벻ɣ
˵ͻʲô֣ⷢ
һ·ϵҲȣȫˣھʮһĺ׺УüƾʵûʲôΣ֮ڿ˳ᵺӰӡ
ں˶ʮһҶ浱¾Ӱ纣˳ңңųᵺ
ⳤᵺĴ󣬴Լһ˺ľӪһϵ۹
ϧǣԪƶ񤣬ΪǿĲǿ߳Ҳֻǽ䵱һ·ŵ㡣
ᵺԭЩԭܣûǿ߱£ֻΪ޵Ŀ
ԣ޺Укöط޵ϳ˵ϲһµһɳĮ
һƬǵϵǿһƬȫ򣬺޲㣬½޸㣬Ϊûʳ
˼׵Ľγ˼򵥵Уһ׷ԲԵĿߴͷ׷۷š
ΪṩһЩ򵥵ʽ׺ŵ㡣
˵ⳤᵺһź;ĿʮǼѹͼ
Ǹ￪еļߣʮа˾ĸ߻鱨Ա
ݹ½ʵô󲼾ֵģҲ¥ˡ
⼸׷ԲԵߣʮа˾ţҰ鱨ԱˣڵļҵģͲˡ
Ǹļľۼ㣬ڳᵺ򵥵֮С
Ҷ˵ʱѾۼʮΪڿϵˡ
ͻȻô࿪ߣʮа˾žǸļļġ
λѿǰӦļģ
Ҷ˸أһ˺ҲͨµߣЦŹ˳
ǣͨµߣȴŸߴ￪صΪ
ǣǰǣæǰ𻰡
ǰҵǸļūģūΪϴǰվѡλǰӦļģ̸
׵Ĵڵһ벻ɳĮϣӦػ
һڣѯ˸ԵǼ֮߾͸ÿǧƷ龧ȻλǧɽˮǰӦļôϷͲنˡ
λΪÿ½ǧƷ龧õתһõ鵤
빨λÿ½ǧƷ龧õתصһõ鵤˵
һͬʱϲ
Ҳǣת鵤Ӳͨ
תһƿ۾͸ߴƷ龧ȻˮlƵĵҩļ۸
ˣͨʦƵתһƿôҲƷ龧ƽһҲֵһǧƷ龧
鵤ǿΪרõģгһƿԼĪתʮ֮һǧƷ龧
һƿʮһôҲİٿƷ龧
㣬һһӽǧƷ龧롣
ôһһ¾ܻýӽǧƷ龧ҲǰʮƷ龧룬һǧƷ龧ⱨ꣬湻ġ
㱨Ҷ治ںھϲȴЩɣ˷ı꣬׬ûְɣ
ƺɻæЦλѷģҼϾԲöλǰȥԸߣΪֻͲߣֻڶࡣ
˵һЦǶλû⣬ԷԣʽӦļˣūҲøλµһµı꣬ȻϷŻὫλ
ʲôԣ
£߽һ׼õԷݵǰ
ݺܼ򵥣ҪǰߵָӣɿȵȣƣԼǳС
Ҳ֮顣
ԵԼ̫ǿѹû˸Ӧļġ
ҪȻָ߹Щǰȥǻÿ
£͵ߵ귢ԡ
ֵҶʱȴһЩһ
ȻԼСΥģǱȽ鷳ġ
ԣڷԵʱҶһԵģȴҶľڵС
СҶľ֮ڵģ䱾ҲһޣΪʮĹ£Ϊֱ۷壬ΪҲ
ʱҶֱСҽǰߣҲûзκ쳣
Ͼ겨ǴҶڷģ˭Σ¶벻ϻֿܡ
ˣȻλԣǴҾͿԸλˣ
ūλ龧ļλѣΪ˵
ԣҶͫһʲô˸𣿡
򣡡


1111 Ѫϴƻ
ۼڳᵺȻҺ򸴳𣡡
λūջǺϻҳеĻнɻ껵ĹܼңǰϻҲұţѪһ棡
ֱǰһʱ䣬˲֪£ųıѪޣĶ࣬Ҳżͣļһ¡
λģ˴ļһ꣬һ֮£һ֮ڵı꣬Ҳ˿٣
⻨ҵϹܼһ˵ҶͷȴǷ˾κˡ
ң
Ļ߻ģȻŵϻҡ
ϻʱ֪ϻмλգҵĳҲȫ
û뵽ǸͷĻнɻ껣ȴ
⻨ҲǣһҶȴЩˡ
ǻнɻΪΣҶ治̫ǽƾǰܼҿصΪͿɺɨ
صĴڣûһɣ
ηɰԣ뿪֮ʱ֮ڣֻλߣһǻڵˣΪߴ￪һء
Ź澭ԭԹ澭ΪԲڶʱڿģźˮ۹İͼ࣬ϴ˽Ԫ۹ڵĴСŲ˵ǻԴ
ڶԺˮƿȴﵽһǰδеĸ߶ȣŵԴͳ׵бŹ澭
Դб֮£澭ǿ˿ڵķ˷ͥ
ԭϣͻƵĽԪƽ뺣ȴΪ֮սˣ٣Դøϡȱδͻơ
λһصߣѾǺǿˡ
˵ûе̣ҲںԪƶ񤣬едģ뿪׷ȥˡ
һصĸ֣ߵĿҲᳬ٣ģȫǻ꺣ߡ
ֻҪǰλܼҲ̫ƾһˣͿԺɨ򣬸ǵԸ۹ˡ
ңܼҵΪߴ￪أǸ껵ΪӦò̫Ͱɣ
ԼͿԸɵ飬ΪʲôҪļ˶أ
ҶƵǣλܼҲֻ͸¶ô࣬Ҫô㣬ȴû˵ҶҲöʡ
˵һµ龧ҩ֮˾ͳ˸ɾض˸񣬵Ⱥ
ڳᵺΪƫƧԭÿϵӦļ߲࣬ʱһʱˣеʱȴһҲˡ
˰֮ļֲǿʮˣԿ߾Ӷࡣ
Ȼģǰ龧£ҲûԹԡ
תڵʮ죬ѸǵֱӽǸ׵Ľ״
Ҷ澪һĻˡ
뽻״֮󣬱λ߻мĿصߣǸܼҹ񣬡ݼܡ
ȴ˽˵꣬ξͱǻܼҸ𣬴ʱĻܼң֮ǰһı΢һ࣬껣ƻѾʼִУԣӴ˿Ϊ˲¶ǰ˺ҶĹܼңΰݵˣӦҡ
һͽɢȥҶŴԣشһ
ǸصߣȻϻҵлн֮ƵĻ껡
֪ˣ˵䣬Ѿͦţһҵģ
Ҷ潫֮ϣ˵
һ㣬֤ǰ²򵥡
ܼңǴ˴˲߶ƻ˵Ҫ󣬻Ҫǰʵ䶯
껽˵һ룬ǻܼҴһƣʹзɳʱһһĸ磬ͬʱһȦ겨·ˮһɢתһȦʱͽҶ渽ϵ΢ݻ١
ݻ٣Ҷ鶸һ䣬ֵ˹ؼʱ̣ƻҪ̽
һҶһʧԼ֮С
һɲǣҶѾǸ״Ҳǻ껻ܼҵ̸ĵصס
ɢʱ򣬴ڵĽ̸
ֻ˷ܵصףϸָĽı׶ˣϾǿߣҲûмλġ
Ҷڵصףš
˸жˣһױ·һ·ֱ˽ҶңҶĸĸڶ·ֱҶʦڣ׵ڣпܣŹ澭
·ֱ˺۹Ѫϴ۹ҡ
һ׷Ҷͽҧ죬ֻǺݰҶ游ĸ⣬ˣȫֱ
ֶΣֱ˼¡
ڶ׷Ѹײڶ֮Ҷ游ĸȻٱڣѪϴˮ۹Ѫɡ
ܼңǴ˵ļƻ㿴£ʵ
˼һ£ܼҲŴϵļƻҶĸĸǵһҪѪϴˮңֻΪʵͼѡ
ԣΣһĿ겻ܳκ⣬ǰڶ׷°ɣܼҾ
ãߣҶ游ĸٵзܼʵ
ͷϰ֮ǣߴ
Ǿͺã²˳٣ǰʱ֮һΣԲʧܼ˵
껵ڴʱҲޱȣҽǻţһΣҪҶʮ
ͬһɲǣڵص׵Ҷ潫˫ȭ߬ýģɱܱߵ͵и
ҶھĿԼ
Ҷû뵽˼ֱ޳ܵ˼㣬ȻҪĸĸҪЮ
ǼƻһɲǣҶһֳȥȫɵĳ嶯
ȥɲǣҶȴǿסˡ
νܵ˺ܲҶĿǰ״
Ҷɱ⼸µСӣôֻҪԷҪֶεĶԸҶ棬ҶĸĸҶߡ
ǣҶȴֲʱʱ̵̿ڸĸԡ
ҶǰһвҶҲ޷ĵ뿪ЩµСϣɱġ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶתԴٵת
Ҫ׵ĽвҪȻҶĵĽ
ֻǧûǧշĵ
նݣ͵ó
ЩͷһҶԺ֮УͶظһ󵨵ļƻ
ƻ漰Ķܶ࣬Ҽ󵨣ҶҪ˼ǲյľ
Ϣ֮ҶתԼ񣬲ӣҶͽӵ˼ϳķ
ҶǣǰŻ껵ĿΪ߸壬¶ǰΪȻֻпأȻΪ
ʱ֮һʮߣͳҴ͵Ŀ纣󣬿ʼϢź
纣Ĵڣе߶Ҷ棬ȴǽ˫һһεļƻ
ҿ纣ɵĴϰֻƷ޵Χʮſֻܳӭս
ʮſɱϰͷƷĺޣȴΪɣ֮һλߵ¡
ս֮У˭Ҳûע⵽ҶʱһʹҶͷȻѸٻ֮Զȥ
˴֮Уͻ֣֮ᷢУһֻУһö
һöҶ͵


1112 ó
£ǲݳݺ֮ʣˮ۹ɽǧɽԭһЩ̤ѰġĻĺȥ
ȴɣɽ³ˮԴԴϵĴӸɽ˵˸ڡ
ʤ֮ǰ꣬ɽȴżֲ׺ɣ˼
ţѾǧʮֹ
ԭоŷ壬ŷҲʵ
ȴʮ׼ȷ˵ǰʮһԭȵľŷ壬Ѿھŷ壬ֻгΪĺĲܽھŷ塣
½ʮ壬ͳΪ壬ʮͳϽһˣڣŵӣʮˣ
ңǵڲƴ֣ŵӵĴѾ׷ҶʱڵŵӵĴ
ԣڵŵӣҲűŵӣûл龳Ϊţûл꺣ΪΪžӢ
̶̰ʱ䣬ڵʵȴǷ֮ǰںˮ۹ڻڷͥˮڡ
Ȼڣʵ֮ǰҲʵҲ൱ڵһڷͷ
һеı仯Դ԰ǰĶݡ
ڷţ½ɣȴӵɭϣһ
пۼв֮£Ϲնɱ
ȻɭϣȴǽɷηɰɱģǰʮһΪ˽¾ƽȴǱɷηɰὣնɱӣĸ÷ɱ
ɷηɰ׾˵Ǳչ£µķи
ɷηɰ׵ĴӡɷִС¾ὣնһö׼ڸ֮ǰÿһ׼֮£Ѫ¼֮С
Ѫ飬˵ǴִС÷֮Ѫһһ͡
Դ֮󣬸壬ȼ֮ⷸ׼ȻŹɴ
յĽɷ壬ȴǸ֡
Ҳ˵ֻ֣˵Ǹ˶࣬ǰɷĵųһǧˡ
Щӣȫɷġ
ǰдԣɷηɰױչ࣬ͻƣڽճء
ԣЩµĲФӸֲ̿׷ǰɷ
ɷأߣһȡ
һ³С¿һĻȴüš
ΪʦڣҲԽɷ֧
û뵽ʦصķһǰÿ춼кüˣѾǧˡ
ȻһЩССһ뵽ô֪ʦȴһϸϴһЩ
ʱڸ߿УὣɢɷЩǰųĵӸսľ
С£ˮ㣬ЩҲηɣҲ֮˷ʥͣ޹
ЩˣСʹǣҪģǲЩ֮еĴ֪ڸ֮ͽ𣿡֪ʱһ˵ĵɫȹηɰ׳Сࡣ
ʦˣС¾ϲĻͷæ
ҷŵĻףηɰٴʵ
ף
׾ͺãҳţҪҪţȰȥɣмŹ££δ꣬ηɰ׵Ѿʧ
Ʒڵ壬һ㣬һֱûб䣬Ź澭ʱȴ˷ܵĴ֣ʱĿա
ǰӵηɰ׵ķѶ֪ηɰ״ˣǽһȥ֮Żߡ
澭ܲ˷ܡ
ǲ֪ηɰףܹľϲ
ţ
Ϣģηɰ׳ڹ澭࣬Ź澭ɫ䡣
ɰףΪǿӦǿ˰ɣ󣬹澭жʧ֮ɫˣʧȥ˽ȡ֮ģǻȥߴһ˵
ţⲻʲôǸһŽгԾηɰ׵Ȼ
Ǹһ˵˵ҵҶ棬Ҷ棿澭鶸رþޱȣô
ҿûǸ£ηɰ˵
ԣ澭ɫһ䣬ûǸ£˵ҶΪ⿪ػҪˣ⡭ôܣȥż꣬⡭
澭飬˹һ㡣
ΪûҸߣδǣսȴҪҸֹĵ˺ѣǿĴڡ
⻰ù澭̲סʹҡҡͷƺһ£⻰ôһ췽ҹ̷ζ
⡭ô붼ܣߣȥţСӵ飬ͳͳңˣ˲ҲϷ죡
һ̸ҹ죬ļź亣Ǽ仰ܹ˵ģҲҿ߾棬ԳŲס
ˣηɰҲǽĿڸˮ
ηɰ׶豭ٴˮ֮ʱüͻһһ⣬ʵʵ˫Ŀֱ֮Ʋ㡣
Ź澭Ҳɫ䣬ˮй˸߿ǼķƲ㡣
Сģޣηɰ״ơ
澭ɫȴһ˲ò԰ޱȣ⡭׺޵Ϣ׺ڵޣڵߣսֱ׷صߣ
һչսɽǡ
ҵ죬ʲôʱ˿ֲޣ
Уɰȥɽ֮УСһ˲䣬澭뽻ĺ£ֱӽ֮ληɰףɫ˲ϢͱûҰޱȡ
ηɰ׵ҲǽţϢ֮󣬾ͱޱϲһŮһЦգţ𼱣ҲǸһˣ
ηɰ׳ǹһСٲë
һɲǣǳ￴ȥ޺СèСЩη䵽ηɰ׵
澭ȴǰľ׺ڵޣһۣʹΪ𾪣ⲻֻȻҲ
֮࣬澭ֱˡ
Ȼûɻ֮ʣηɰ׾Сèϵϸ쿴һ֮󣬾͵ݽŹ澭
һۣŹ澭ͷѾ亹ֱû뵽յյڣȻһ絽ڵıԵ
һ򣬹澭ת֮㿴һʱ̧ͷ
ɰףҶļƻǲ̫ðˣУʮλкڵߣһλصߣҶˣôӦ
ʱ仹㣬Ա˵л᣿澭˵
ţʮλкڵߣԽĳƽأôԱҶļƻɣηɰ˵
ǡҶƻҲ̫ð˰ɣ澭Щԥ
ţûҶ棬޷Ҷʵģļƻɣʱ䲻࣬Ҫץ׼
ңûҶļƻðգΪһ󻼶ѣҪȻ㿸һܿһ𣿡
ߣˣҶǸһó飬Ǹ˴ϲѻǡˣηɰ˵
ԣŹ澭鶸رüᶨҰļƻţ


1113 Ѫϴ
ԻΪ׵һ֧ȻλصߣҲֱײ
ʵʵİպͼƵǰУֱӽʱŸֱǰ
ӳᵺʮ֮ڵִһʮ˷ɳ纣֮󣬾㶼һ
ǱƾεĴһʮ죬żսʱܳ͸磬ζĲܡ
Ѿ̤˺ϣûܹвڳλĴڣΪ˱𣬸շѶߣɱ⣡
κηʽߣɱ⣡
κθߣɱ⣡
κζ߷ǵ٣ɱ⣡
һɱŪձɱѣǰΪ֮˵ĻһǸڴ
̤صһɲǣҶѾϳˣӦǻ۹ԿߵٶȣֻҪʱ䣬ͿԽ۹
ΪĶͳ˧ĴԵΣҶָơ
Ȼ˽ȴû϶һѶ֮󣬾һֱڵȣֱһλεߵ
ȻǽӦߡ

̸䣬нɻ껾һ֣ʮ˲سϸ߿գǰ
ԭҶͨٶȣǸЩߵģҶеشиϵҲѡ
һ·ϣҶ涼Ÿ߿ʢˮ֮ϣСȥĬĬļ࿴ͷ֮Ķ
λصĽӦߡ껡ܼˡ
һ·ϣ˵Ľ̸٣Ǹոտʼ·ʱмǳ򵥵Ľ
Ŀ𣿡
һλҲʱ̼֮С
ܱ߻Σ
ûУֻĿˣ
ôû˻ⲻ̫ɣܼЩ⡣
㵽˾֪ˣֻ˵ǳ
⼸仰Ҷľ߻껵ĸƻһĽţСèȥļƻ֪ûִС
ҶҲżڶУҪʲôʣʱӦ
ң̤Ϻ֮ʱѾԼĸӦСèķλͬģСèҲΪӦϢڼٸϹ
ǲԸ£ԸⱩ¶٣һȺʮλ߶ɵĸߣ·ߡ
ֻôڶ񶷵Ļ꺣ĵùɱϸ߿գײһ˵٣ôĶ֪
ǿߣҲԲҹͣļٸ·ϢȲ˵ñһս
ԣ½ÿҹͻҸɽͷϢһҹץʱָ
һϢҹޱ޼ʵס¹ǳһɽҶڵλã˲ϢҶĻ
Сèﻹһö
һɨһݣҶͽķŵ˶ѾʼҶļƻˣʮǰͲúһС
Ϣһҹٴγ
ڵʱ䣬ʽ̤۹ĽҶΪǰ͵ǵļƻֱ֪ˮߵ䰲أҲҶϼңúһ·øء
ڵʮʱ򣬵һԺɫΪľ޴ǳسеɲǣΪ׵Ļһ֣ͣˡ
Ǻˮ۹ĺˮˣźˮǣǷɱ硣
ܼƺЩ׻껵˼ǰϣһ˼׶񱨳йĴݾߣ
ȻҶȴܼҿеľ
ã껲ջĿ⣬Ȼת֮ʱҪˮΪһᣡ
ϷģˮǣƶܼҵӦ
ٴγһ˸ӵĽ߸ѺڶߣĶţҶҿ϶˭Ϸɳһ⣬ǿ϶ԥնɱ
һ߲׼κηѶǴ·ǸˣշѶƵȴԽԽ죬Ȼڲͣš
̤Ϻĵʮ죬һ˵ȷɿԽһͨɽ
ɹʱҶ۽ǶһȣһĪ㺴ļ
Ưô꣬ڹˡ
ǰͨɽΪţɽţɽ䰲ˡ
ҶǵúĵһʲƸһöţɽնɱɽɽõġ
һ˽䰲ȴûֱҶϼҽأתֱ֦ɽ
䣬һ֣һ߾֦ͣɽϿգش·ָңң֦ɽеһɽȡ
ǳɽ֮ҲǴ̣һپ£ɽ֮һˮ֮Уյҫ£ɽɶϣֱɾ
ԣмªľݣһԸ̬Ȼһ̴ĸˣڰ㣬æòֺ
ˣǱˣòҶĸĸһģһ֪֪Ǽٰģң˵ģҶ͵һȡ
˵ͷܼ뻨ȴŶָ֣ɽһԷѯش·
ɽг֮⣬ȷʵκһˡǣ鱨ΪҶĹϵҶĸĸ۹ĵλҲǷͬСɡ
Ҫˮ۹۶ÿҪ̫ӹݼǺˮ۹Ĵ֮һ
ڣû̺֮˶ҪΪܱ߻ûκһ֮ˣ̫ϳ˰ɣ
㡭ɣܼҿصĴ·ˡ
ش·˿Цô飬ôôҸأ㿴Ƕ˵񡣡
ڶ˶ӣҪҶ׽ѩԸйأƺϲȨƣƽһʱ䣬Ҳɽˮɾ¡
Ҷǰ֦ɽ㴺ȵģԴ֮ÿڴ֮ʣҪ㴺ȴһ¡
ÿκ͸
һ㴺ס˽߰ˡ
ڱ֮ˣս֮ڵҹиߡ
ڣҶΪ꺣ټ죬˸ǣҲ˰бˣ⼸һֱˣش·˵
ԭܼҳһ£ȵȻߡ壬֡ܣ
뻨ߣǴʱܼҿеߡ
ʱʹո㴺ȡ
ҶɡΪǻ꺣һأ׽ѩΪǻ龳أ˽еĶһ̧ͷ˲䣬ͺıûˡ
ȻҶ֪Һʵʿٰ֮ģ˱ץҶͷĪһ
ϣܼңѾܣ
˸֮ʣ껿Ҷ桮ĸĿɷܼȴ
壬ڿʼԿҶ׽ѩѣҪԱ֤ǺúõĻţûҵκ˲ýӴˡ
ҪȻʣ
ǣ嶸رȭ
ܼңȻҶĸĸѾܣأǾɼ˹ȥѪϴأӦѪϴ䰲нɻͻһݶĵ
ԣҶͫһ񾭽ĿµĻܼң


1114 
˵ʵڵģҶΪ˽زҲǼ޷̹ȻĿϰʻ
οĸϡ
Ҷƶƻ֮Ϳǵһ㡣
һ˵֣Ϊ˶ĿΪй߳ȵȣпܻ˳ֽܱߵ޹׸Ѫϴˡ
ƶƻʱҶ⿼ǹ⣬ڼƻⰲ˼ٰҶɷ򸾵ʿԶأϡ֮ء
Ҷ浱һҪΪû뵽һڰŵľȻ޷죬ȻҶɷ򸾱ϰźܴĹϵ
ҶԭΪƻɹûˣû뵽ӶǸĻнɻ껴ʱȻҪ
ǵ
Ͼϣǻܼҵӡ
ȻеĿ߶ǵٿ뻨ܼ֮⣬Ǿİ׻ˡ
껵Ҫ󣬻ܼҵһƤʹУŭ⡣
ҶҲ
ǻܼİ껵Ҫȥ޷ϰױ¾
ҶضҪܵġ
һֹ£ҶļƻҪ⡣
ˣҶҲû취ı䣬֮£ֻӦˡ
˶Ķ伲ٵĳ鶯˼£ܼٴһЦݵĳŻ껹˹֣ϣȴѪϴЩƽʱ
ٻһ·̣һﱻѪϴ£ڿ϶׼Ȼ׼ҲǲµģŹ澭Ͳˡ
ϣŹ澭õ׶˱ѪޣʱҪѪϴ۹ūҲ㣡
ЦǻܼеЦ⣬ڻ껵Уȴʮľ档
˰죬껲ɫΪѿĵ˵ͷҲãѪϴЩҲôʱ䣡
ԣҶһͬʱȴǰ𾪲ѣҪѪϴ۹ƽգ⻹ЩΪΪݽ档
ҶѾ⣬ȼƻ׳ɹܼ֮ҾԲ
·ٶȸڡܼһ֣صĴ·ʱʹϷȥ
һʮһ·ɣֱҹʱֲŵ಻ɽǰ
һ·֮ʱǸŻԲѵġҶɷ򸾡Ϊа֮ʱϧ߶סǵֵ硣
ǻ˺ǻҶɷ򸾣Ҷ֪׼û
һѰļһȴ˵ĸĸǻ籦ٿҪʲôҶͰ׻ˡ
λǴеĿڣŹ澭֮۹ڣղ⵶
λܹ٣ʲôֻҪܴߵģȫλܼü䵭Ȼ´һпѪȵҶ氵Ĳѡ
Ҫ۹ľͻˡ
棿ڶ࿪ͬʱֳ̰֮ɫżһ˿֮飬Ҳ˲Ϣͱ̰档
Ϊƶޱȣʺ߳ǧܻЩмֵˣ龧̫١
ǰûΪ̫Զ벻ɱˣٿֶ飬Ǿ̫ԲԼˡ
Ϸ˵Ϸԣ
ڵҪȴҪΧסڵ壬ס˵񣬳֮⣬κ˸Ҫߣһɱ⣡ܼҵݳŹ澭һȦ
ף
˷׷׹ֵͬʱܼһ֣ɾȥɲǣڵڣǿϢس
пԶȴϷʧԶӭˣŹ澭ˬʵЦ쳹
ͬһɲǣڷһɫ⻪ȴڵĻڴ󳹵׿ˡ
ţܼҵɫһ䣬ؿش·ˣôǵģⲻܣ
ôǴϷĵô죬Ϸ޷֣ô꣬ǰװ׾Ӫˣ
ô˵˿ǰȴ𾪲ѣҲҿҶѣҪȻô˶֪
ش·޹ҡҡͷܼȴ׹ⱬȻˣȥȱȲ裡
ɢԷߣ˸ƵͺһܼҳŻߺȵߣȥŸһˣ
ǣ
һ֣ǻ߶һһ˹澭ģƺѹû澭
ҲǣǻΪأôὫһһ뿪سڵ߷

ڹ澭ԵηɰȴǴ֣ǰɭɫɽҹſ
ɽһ𣬷Բڵ磬ʱͱһѩ磬ɽɽĴʱ˱˪
ɽǻߵɫ;䲻ѡ
֮ǰѹûηɰ׷ȥƼ죬ʱֻܴ߶̵ֵֻ
⻪ŹĹ⻪Ѹɢ
˵Уֱӱηɰ׵ɽһնأΪ̶ȣһҲ
ǣӸ߿շٵ׹䵽˵棬ʱˤĺڵ̵ϸ顣
ȴĲ
˻
ηɰײѴ֮һУֱڳĿߵһܼҲɵۣһĸĻнɻȴֱӿˡ
ģȴǽڻɽڵİӣ֮࣬˿ηɰ׵ɽ۾ֱˡ
һĻҶȴһ㶼⡣
һǰηɰƾɽԿصΪͿһնɱһλڵߡ
οһڣ˵ΪѾͻƵˣ߶ɽȻ档
˵ǻĴ⡣
ηɰףҶǸʦηɰףʲôʱģӦĻܼЩԾ
ߣʲôʱģҷǺ۹нӦӦηɰ׺ȵ
ܼһ֣Ҳû뵽޷飬Ȼηɰ
ߣе㱾£ǿҲһ˶ѣʮΧ֮£ΣܼЦ
Ǿԣηɰ׵ɽҹжع⻪ţӳʮλɫ졣
㲻ɣ
߳ɵ֣пصλˡܼһδ˵꣬ͷֱ㵽ļλ־Ȼ΢΢ˣоս֮⡣
ȻǱηɰ׷һˡ
һ£ܼҿصƶؿ쭶ϣϷսλЭһԸŮˡ
һ٣ܼҶָŹ澭ˣƥ֮ѪϴڣȮ
ɱսղ⵶
Żܼһȣܼҵȳηɰ׵ͬʱԺ󶸵طɳһӡ˸ޱηɰס
ͬһɲǣܼҵ㵽λصߣͬʱֶΣηɰס
ͬʱʮλصߣһղ⵶仰ӶЩˣⱬɲǣͳγŹ澭
ڴͬʱڵĻɽڣҲһЩɧ


1115 벻
ÿôΧʦҪȥʦ𣡡ڻɽڣС³죬λڷ峤ȴסֻǸһĿɫ
С£˵Ѿаš
ʲôţʦǶ챻Χˣ
С˵꣬ηɰ׷ڵӣͻȻͬʱ𣬿쿴𣡡
Уһ涸һ֮еŹ澭һλ߾ֱͱ˸ţ
飡
ɫⱬУҰɫķۻ£
ǻң
һ֮£ٻɻңһλڷ峤Ͼ֮ʣСʱͰ۾ĴģĶա
һɲǣС¾Ǻһ㾪
Ҷ磬Ҷˣ
ڶڷ峤ɫһ䣬СķһӰ
˲ǱˣҶ档
ʱҶ棬ֳƷƣһָᵯ֮䣬ͻһϾķɳɲǼסһλصߡ
صηƴıһԵӳ
ǣסϾ֮
ҶеƣѾеյƣ޸֮ʱҶ潫Ļ˧ϰٽĻȫ˽ȥ
Ƴ޸ڵϾĻƷ״ƷƷһ㣬Ǿˡ
Ҫ֪ҶĵҲƷĻѣдƵ֮ǰֹ
ַһ㣬ƾϣ˵ƷƷҲпܡ
ԭҶصΪ߶ΪģҶõ߶ƣȴĴҪȻҶɵĴ߶ƣ
УҶ沽̤գʳָÿһָᵯһϾɳʱһλص߻ɷɻҡ
ҶָӰã裬п߻ɷɻҡ
ɲǼ䣬еĲҽڶ
Ҷ棿
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ҶǵģܼҾãҶҲǴɻˣûзѾҶĸĸ
ʱ򣬻ܼҵҿ֪ҿһмҪǰѪϴ䰲²ɱڣҶ˾ɱˡ
ôȻҶ治֪ĸĸϣǾпΪ
ʶģܼһͷҶ游ĸĻ壬ʱ⡣
ãҶˣӣӣ
ܼҶؿһȴǸһ괫ߣһҪɹĽҶӵĸĸصϣô˵ļƻʵʩ
ԭҶͻȻ֣һϾɱһ˾ȺΪ龧Ŀ־֡
ŻܼһҴĶʮˣʱɢ˷Ǹ塣
ͬһɲǣܼҿŵͷɽոշɳĴӡػתӭɽͬʱֱתӡ
λ߸ƵֱѪ
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ǣǵ飬ŲߣȴҶ顣
һۻȺзӴܵĻ壬ҶЦһͷ鱦׹ⶸظ֣ʮˮͰϸ׹غ˷
£λΪֻпصߣֱӱߺ˻ףֱӱ˽̿оͰҶ·Ͼµ
˾ûɽ̿Ҳòȥ
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ոתӵλߣҲôһӦһϾͽסɲǼͷҽ
꣡
ܼӲɽǼӡƷڽɽʮն֮Ҳ޷ס·һʱѿ
ۣ
Ʒɲǣܼ鸮𣬿Ѫ硣
ܣηɰ׼׷ϣһɽٴκ
ǾԶηɰһɽֻĲһ»ܼҡ
ʱֵܼ⵽ֿ֮ʣɽڵɷ룬û֪һɲƺ˼
ܼҵɫزұ䣬ǰ߼ʶ˻ߵ³ʱ޷ȫ߶ֿ³ʲô
ܼҲǸˣһҧȶɲǣ鸮һתֱӴƿԿǾĴָŵͿնȥ
ǾûܼӲԶΪ׷ɱˣηɰ׽߳һȥ׷ɱĿˡ
ûܼһͬʱæɿӶݡ
Ӷݼ䣬ԶȥĻ壬һ
ֻҪߣܳɹܹɹתԴ˵ֶΣһѹ⡣
Ϣ֮󣬸ҽϢ䡣
ʱһʮߣ˶ʮǰĻнɻش·ˣȴҶĿþ׺֮£ֱܡ
֮⣬ѡ
ȻҶһλҿʼ֮˭Ҳûע⵽ϢʧҶ档
ܼѵģϻڣѡ
ܼҾҲ벻ߵѣҶߵģǵŻܼҵߵġ
˺ǻ֮£ֻ߻һˣͺЩˡ
ǣ⼸ߵĳ棬Ҳûܼҿѡ
һٹܼԶһֻצشޱ£ڱĻӦûӦԴͱĳ⽴궼ӳͱɱ
һĻֱӽ׷ڻմ㻨Ĺ˳ߵ߸ˡ
ǷӦСèĻХֱӱĳ顣
˵ȴ˳
ӳһֽٺĸоϾһֻޣ޷Ըǵġ
¡¡
Ʒ֮شԶ˵ɫ䡣
ӥƷش£Ҷָ⻪һͽ˵ˡ
Ҷ潫ˮɢȷϷԲ֮˵ͬʱҶһͽܼҵߵķָСè
ȥڰԶԶĶȥɣҪˣ
˵ţҶ汳ӥƷһ񣬶طƿҶʹżٰĸλʿڵķ
ƻѾ˳չ̲ݻ


1116 ɱһ˫
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鱨ֱӿƵ׺Ŀͽ򣬼ӿƺӰ׺ĿԳʮ
¥㳲Ҫ׷󺣣˻
׺򣬹ʮôࣿȻǿߣ¥̴Ҳɵһ䡣
̴¥ŷſڵҪȻҺα˴£ôǿƣΪܹǴ
ٶǰ˵Ͽλ
ȻĪʧλΪʧģ
˼ʥɵģóԾ
ڲ鱨λǴȥʩѹģȻֱʧˣ
ԣ̴ٴһ䣬΢˻һ
ⷨӲɹأһ£̴ɵ
Ҷӣ׼ˣʧܡ
ȶ˵꣬¥޵оɫ˵ҼѾ˵ˣ˴ƣܳɹա
ܳɹһ֮ڣضԳ֣ϧҲҪ
һ¥̴¥ŷɫͬʱ䣬ҵܣҲüλ꣬ôá
ңڵľ޵˵˵Ԫ緢һȣΪ¥ɨϰ
壬ᣬܣҲüҵΪƴ
ŷ鶸رüᶨޱȣİɣεļƻһɹģ
һǰ¥ͨСŲϢһ˳ѾҶĸĸҶϵĽǸ澭ͻʱأǵļƻ˳չ

ڡ
Ҷ׷ɱ֮󣬼ٶȷڡ
ڣϰɱŷŴսʱģͷǿգƺڻŷѣĿ龰
һΣǿ۽磬ܶ˿ηɰոճϿյҶĿ⣬ͷ·ǿۡһ㡣
Щͨӣ𾪵ģҪŹ澭ھŷĳǡ
ںڣǾǵΪǿһػǻ꺣أݺˡ
ǽһս֮˼ͳ׵ʧˡ
ЩءǰصҶηɰֵͬвһ㱻ɵų죬ˡ
类ĥĽȡ֮ģȼ
Ҷɽ󶴿һڵʱͻСӭҶ档
Ҷٶ֮죬Сܹ׷ϵģС¸ոշɵգҶξѾĵƷ塣
ʱŨŨĿɬ֮ɫʹСǿɬޱȵʧ
С£´λ㣬꺣дһ䰲֮ԣС¿˲١
˵ʵ̫ҶһΣǴںסһʱġ
Ҳ⵽С£ǽͨĸͨãմСµĹ⡣
ŴڣŹ澭ŻҶ棬촽¶ͣǲ֪˵ʲô
ֱڣηɰνʶˣҶǿֲսʲô˼ˡ
ɱкڵߣնвƵģⲻпֲʲôսܽпֲ
ţϰԵģҶǰ
ҶΪսǿվҶɳĵط
ãܺãǳã澭´Ҷ죬˵ôһ仰
ţ֪ҵļƻʱȣҾͲϻˣεļƻеûʲôɣҶʵ
ûУ
Ҳڻ껵˵ʱ֮ǰŽӾ۵˻ɽڣ
ϷɰףаµĴ֮⣬֪ƻֵ֪֪顣澭˵
ʦǱ׼ôҶʵ
׼ˣʱݳģ
ãһ֮һоͰƻ£мǣһҪҼƻеӦֱ仯֮ӦԣøġҶ˵
ԣ澭ĶҶһۣ㵱Ϸ𣿡
æЦ֮ʣҶĿֿ˽»Եûκɣ
ûУźõģǴȥڽҸ꣬һʵĺˣؽ꺣
Ϸɵǵ淢ԣˣκ⣡
˵꣬澭ʵڣȥĸĸ
ԥһ£Ҷ˵²ټҸĸ²ûпڣ
ûУ
ϵãصĴ·ȴǲ֪ϸδ澭˵
ðɣң
ͷ֮࣬澭ԴҶ˹Ѻ²ĺһֱڿʵĴ·ӭҡҡͷӲʲôûʳ
ԣҶȴҡҡͷˣʲôֱѻɣ
·澭ȴͬʱЦǵΪԿصѻ꣬ǲѰ·
ǵ꣬ѹܲסڵĺϢ
ɾڶ˵ĿЦУҶһǰȻƿڴҶƾʹ˻нɵĻ껵Կ֮ϣһ£ɲǼ䣬鸮ֱӱҶܳ
Ҷģһţ㡭
Ҷȴǻδţɫ˿аĲ뻨껵꣬Ȼֱӿʼѻ꣬ʱ껾ͷޱȵĲҽ
⡭·澭ٴδһ
˸ӳԾǣ֮Ҷ˫ʾѻϡ
£澭ǽһλ꺣صѻ꣬ҲûϼʱȻ󻹵ûһʱſԡ
û뵽Ҷ治ӾˣûƵġ
ˣҶĿⶸؿǸش·ˣҶ浱潫ѻ꣬껵ҽȴŻˡ
ҡĲ֪ҾǱ·ģġ
Ҷִ˴˵Ļش·˵۾˵ǲ˵Ҳ֪ݣ
ûʲô
¥㣬Ǹܼң¥ǰɣҶ˵
ش·޷Ƶĳ鴤˼£ǼֵҾǱץĴ·ɢޡ
ҽȴҶѾԸϻֱӾѻꡣ
һ֮Ҷ˫ţԭ¥¥˪˰ɣ
ˣ
Ͷˣû¥¥ڹӣ֪Ǳ
һ뿪֮žͰ˳Ѫϴ¥׵¥ں֮ڵоݵͺ֣
УԺ¥򿪷¥һɱһɱһ˫Ҷɱڵ˵


1117 ؼҿ
¥ںľݵ㡢һ㣬ûκ⣡¥ʵɸ¥ĻзɰڵĻӦûʲô⡣Ź澭Щǡ
Ųصģдڣ¥ǿｨ¥ҪȻ֣𼸸˵ţҶͽһľݸ˹澭
ǡ
ħԪ֣һʮʸװƷ龧һɺɱ꺣۷ߣװƷ龧Ҳˡ
ǰװƷ龧ֻǰװһżƷ龧ǿ۷Ҳ
ţԺ͵ڵ֮ɣҶ˵
澭ǾϲΪҲԸӦħԪ̺ɷ
Ȼϲ澭ȴЩԥҶ棬ⴳҪ˱㡭
ţǰȷʵҪҲȷʵԴ˱ս˱Ѿòˣŵĺã
⣬öָڣҴŪһЩС⣬йеҩſ£ʵ
ЩҶʱ׼Ķȱģʵǹ
ЩҶնɱռĹҲҶĹϹŵĵĻ˧ɻĹҲۣڶԣȴǼõģвһЩ׵Ĺ
񣬾һԵĴڡ
Ź澭Ѿ޷ˣһ۴ָˣʵҶĶ̫ˡ
ǧಿİƷ
Ҫ֪ڣµ㲻ᳬһټ
ţҵҶʵ
ǰϷƽ޵ĺɽ®֮УԼΪȫҴȥɣ澭˵
ţһԼȥɣ룬Ҷ뿪Ʒĺɽ
̤ɽ®Ҷȴûжֱһһ˹ȥ®Ѿ졣
ҵģ˵ŸôĶһӽӵǲϴʲôˣĸ׽ѩ
ʹˣҲ˵ǼˣСӣȥô꣬ҲؼҿҶɵǵġ
쿴ץһֻȸ
ءء
ǰһкһŮĿȴ׽ģҵġ
ĶôģҶһžžƨɵ
ͬʱǸк͹Ǻ
ʲôأס֣
СӼҳҲ֣֪жأҪǸÿ
ĸ׽ѩһ쭣ƨɵͣˣⲻǽĵ뵱꣬ϴǼһҪ淸˴ôᶼһ϶ôߵôˣ
ʱһ⣬ڼҼΣ϶ᡭ
˵䣬׽ѩͻطһУҶɺͷɲǣҲסˡ
ͿһӢ⻺ĹȥТöϵˣ
׽ѩһͿ˳ȥܲ˵ĽҶ§һҴ꣬ͺãͺãһЦĨᡣ
һ֮󣬼ﻹĲУҶ͵һӣϴԶĻˣȥŸ
ԶԶԣҸϽģĨɾᣬ׽ѩͿ첽˳Ҷȴ΢΢һЦߣүʱˡ
ϴ󣬹үúõģ˵˵Щôģǰǣ䵽ȥˣ
ǵܵܵðɣҶһ߱һ˸Ҷɵԣһ߶Ū˫̥һߴ˻ϻӡ
Ҷľ̫ˣңҶϰ˱ϲǣȻǾõ˵
ʥ磬Ȼúúõһˡ
ᵽλ磬Ҷͽ籸ϵ˹ȥλТϵһ⡣
ţ£ͷߵʱȥȻǽݴ磬ɲˣ˵ţҶɾ˳һ۴ָ
ףĸ޵ʲô⣿
λǻеܵ׼ͣƷ׷ѩĵùٶּ졣
߻ǻеܵóԷһֻȳɳ֮䣬вǵҲͲˡ
вǵߣƾ׷ѩٶߣҲûκġ
ֻ޵ҲʱҶŷֵģò˵ʥǵķǳܵ˵Ҳֻռ£ˣͻͲ
öȷʵǱûС
ЦĽ˵˰Ҷɵɫһ䣬͵ؾζˣŪôǣ˼ִҪˣ
ҶбͬʱҶֳ̾һ˻ֵף޶ˣվҪԼ·Ҳ㣬ϢҸ˰
СһţڹµԺʱˣǳ
˵꣬Ҷʵˣλð
ԣҶʱͿЦ
֮£Ҷͽ⼸黹мƻص˵˳
ʲôһߣǼƻŪҪҶʵ
Ҷصĵ˵㣬Ҫǲ⣬˵򣬺۹飬бѪϴĿܣ
ôֲΣû˵ţҶٴλ˻֣ϴţǲ£ʲôӢۣƽƽͺãɶʱ򣬸Ǳӻ͸ˣ
ûʲôΣա
ҶµģҶҲ׶ӵĸԣӻû˵ʲôֳߺһɤӣ˵˾û𣿿ŪˣҪϴȼ

źһ׽ѩһᣬæӦһæȥˡ
Ÿ׵ƵʱҶȡһħԪ֣һöָҶɡ
÷У̫Եסټ֮£ͬһ㣬򲻿óʾˣ
ȻָУҶ׼ʮ־ѡĹǿĻףȣ
ʮƷ龧ƿĵҩʣаǰˮlƵһЩΪĵҩ
ĿȴҶʱʥƵű͹ķ
ЩǿкڵҲܺλ
İɣ˴뱲ӽƲ¶£֪ģ
ܿģĸ׽ѩٶһӲˣҶӦΪ˼ӿٶȣĸ׽ѩֱڵջ
ϣ˭ҲҶҪߵ£ֻһĸҶвˣֻǿҶԡ
ҶҲ˵ֻһĳԣʱʱϵһơ
һӲȫɨҶһ˵ĶҶ̧ͷʱĸ׽ѩѾˮ
ô𣿾Ͳܶ졭
죬˼Ҷʲôϴ££զ˨ڼ׽ѩ˵꣬Ҷɾͺ
ҶʱѾ޷ݣĸ˵һỰ˵ҶѾҶˡ
Ҫ߿ߣĨᣡ
վ⣬صĿͷҶֱ˱ܸܵãﱣأԺ󶨻᳣˵꣬ͳȥ
ҪǻܹܵѾʱˣ˵бʣǾҪӰƻˣҪȻҶҲٴһᡣ
®⣬ΪҶȥ᲻ϵ׽ѩҶɰοʲôޣⲻǻˣúõģˣ޿ģϴߣȥ
תʱҶɵڲĨ۾һѡ
Ƥ϶ҶȴǴߣߣ㻹ޡ
ҴӲǷۣˣҲ㶼ϲ㡭
϶Ǻٴ
ƲеҶ濴һĻȴЦˣȷʵеܵڵԣͷˡ


1118 ù˵Ļܼ
ҲǴǰĻܼңܾ֡
һηŷ̫Σˡ
̶һǧ·Ĳޡ⣬Ŀ⣬ǹͷһ㣬۾Ǻġ
ҵǻܼЩĻ۲Ǹǵģֶβ÷Իס֣Ǵ߶롣
ˣʱ⻪ҲЩ
Ǳλ·߸ģûܼҵĶڵѪ
ߵ깥Ѿ˵걾ԴպܹḴȥԪҲҪҡ
գܼһǼԼܹȥ
ˣϾ͵ˣ
ʱܼҹܲˣҲûǸܣܼڵĿȸϵ¥¥ķֶڡ
ֻҪϵݣл˽͵¥¥¥ȻݣԻ᲻ϧһд۵Ľȫȫͻǵ
ʱһߺʵѹʲô⡣
ԣֻҪϵһֶ棬Ͱȫˣִָ̽䣬ͨķ¥Ѱһ߽ӦҪʵĻ塣
һ֮󣬸ϵǴݵĻܼɵˡ
ΪǴݵڣ˿ĺɱ֮Ũ̹֮ʣԿ¥ڲŵ߲ҽȥ
쿴ˣ
⣬пߵ©֮㣡ܼҷʱ򣬾ۼ߷Ʈеһ⻪
ʱ߰߷ٵ׷˹
ͷһصߣ˴ȴһ꺣صߡ
ҪǷգΪߣһȥһٸ
ӣս󽵣öֶζòˡ
Ҫʧǣָ˵ȴһһ㣬޷ָ
ùˣֻеһ;
ԣǼõʱѹãֻһһߴѵķⱣ
εǣǰһ·öĴķΪ˶ԸѾùˣõķȫǷࡣ
Ͼǰ׼õʱ˭뵽н죬ԷΪ
Ϊķȷʵ˲ٹķٶȣѹӲǼߡ
ûãͱ׷ˡ
׼ᣬܼӳ˼öǰˮףһҧһˡ
䣡
ˮɫĹ⻪꺣صߵһص߸Ѫˣ׹䡣
һɲǣܼҵȴǱÿɬޱȣص߾Ȼһ׻ƾףֻһѪŭ׷
·֪ܼзĶƵģһ׷ֱӾ깥
ȻΪԣߵ깥أȫԿס
Ҫǣÿһ깥ܼͻһ֣ͻᱻĵһ֡
ûǣԽԽ٣Ҫĵꡣ
һĵһ̶ȣñ˶֣Ҫɢˡ
ʮ󣬱֮ǰܼҵѾ˽һ룬ļټ٣жҡҡλ
ɺ޵ǣ߻ǽ׷ᣬ깥
깥֮ҡҡλԽԽ͵ĻܼѾд˾
ԭشڣӣҲ˲
֮ǰսУηɰֱƷ̩ӡƷķɣȾشꡣ
ҪȻһλصߣǻһ깥Ҳ͸㶨ˡ
ڡ
ܼҼֱᡣ
ѵҪڴˡ
ڻܼҾ֮ʣһӰ·һƾͽ߸ĵ˵棬˲ûϢ
ûȻܼҷӦͱһָֻ߬סǰһڵɲǣɵøӾҪȥ굤֪ˣ类һкɱʹ졭
оԷʮϢ֮ͻȻͰһɣܼʱؼ˹
һۣܼҾʹϲ㣿δ˵ܼ꣬ҵͱþޱȡ
һս֮ǰʹ⸱ҪģҪлŴָͼƺ
ܼңû°ɣһһʣһ߾ޱߵڶ߹۲ߡ
㡭ôܼһû꣬ĿһתͿɻһ򸾣ٴһǣô
̸ͬʱǰλߣ˰֮ȴ۾ؿڣС쵰ֹڰ
ڣðҶѾܼҽԵʡ
˵ǸεŮ˿׷岻ţͽһеȥεŮˣ֮󻨹ܼʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ԣܼɣ飬ƺģϾǸεŮ˶ϣ廹ûѵĿܡ
Σ֮£һĿҲҶɡеϣпܡ
ԼԣһĿҪ
һɲǣֵܼ˫жر⣬ԣ
ֻпصΪôܴǳս֮ӳ죿Ҷֶ֮£Ҳûӵɣ
˵ô£һӸµŭ߳ʱͻܼԼڵĴƶһй
ϣȴûκεŭһ˼Цܼң˵ɱ
˵Ҳ˵ܼҴʱ
ģҿ߱Ǹ뺷ŮһնɱҾ;鲻̫ԾҪ⣬ԣǰ˼ЦţҶˮ
٣˵СԣսûʼҾȶˣǿսʱѾص˵ϣȻһ·û뵽Ȼ˻壡
ҵǣոս׸ͿдŸɱҾͼæصȻ󣬾Ϳ㣬ʣµ֪ˣҶ˵
㻹ǡСܼЩ⻹ʲôʲôĸǴ˵СҲڣǰսʱ类ɱˡ
źϺʵʣܼ˵ǡ
󣬻ܼһ뷨ǰ˵С˵úõһء
ͻȻ䣬Ҷͻأһߡ
ܼҽһ£æʵ㡭Ҫʲô
ܼңļһǸ׸Ҫ¶ǵ٣һ˸ɾǣ˵꣬Ҷὣʹ̣
ܼʱͱŵһ£𣬱ס֣ס֣ɱ
ɱɱǣܼһŴһ׸׹һ
ɱҪ֤ǻţֻҪܽ˴سᵺҵǰ;ֱܼ˵
ǰ;Щɻ
ɢްɣܼʵ
ϻɢޣ˭׬ǮҶĵû˵
ǾͶˣ벻һõǰأĳЧܼջ
ԣҶ氵Ц͵仰أȻ飬ܴӦô죬ܻӭźá
£Ҷ⣬ܼҸ
ţΪǰ̣ҲΪС


1119 ȡ
ҿɶ˵ඣǰᣬǧѷ꣬壬ɾûǸ꣡
ҽĺôҪƽһλ߰صߣҲᣡȻܼҷѾ˴࣬ǰƺЩԥ
ôĪǲңҿԵ淢ԣңˣҵķѶԷ͵ָص㣬ҵŵҲ˿ۿۣܼ˵ߵ
˰죬̧ͷܼңҲɵĺôķգҲףϣ㲻Ҳõô
ǣ֪ܵһԷ򸾵ݰɣУǸֲ֣˭ʲôݣ
֪ЩҲܹʱʲôķգҲĲףò˵Ҷ滹װͦġ
ԥһ£ܼҾõĵ˵ͽҶɷ򸾵ݸ˵
һɲǣϵĵһ
ô˵ǸҶӰǷĸ׽ˣпܷĸֺͨѰǣʵ
ԣܼҿЦȷʵˣ
ͬʱҶĶһ̽ͷ˶⣬üһи߷ɵĵͷɵߣǲӬһ˹ȥ˻ܼҿһۣܼҵ۵ıͱѿޱȡ
ƣҶѾĸĸˡ
Ҷȴǲ𻰣װͷ˼˼ûܼҶЩ
Ҷ֮£ֱˮ
ܼңҪߣֻܷˣҶ˵
Уô
ȻѵߣǾͰƽ񣬿˫ΣҶ˵
ǣһѵǰҵΪϢ޷ڸǵİܼɻ
޷ֻǸҶ桢ηɰףֻһѵǰôĶ֪Ҷŵ˵
⵹ҲǣͰ˵İ죬Ϸɾͽˣ
ģֻҪܼҲҪԼĳŵã
ʱ֮Ҷһ·ˣ˸һ𣬿ŵȻǱסԲѵġҶɷ򸾡ˡ
ڻܼҵֱ꣬Ҷ滳
ûܼ̾ѣΪһг죬Ѱ߷ȥûʰũҶ档
ҪȥǾͲϺҶļƻˡ
Ҷļƻһ·ȥһҪȡܼҵľΣļƻܼ
ûãһӷ·Ϣ̲ҶũͷΪˡ
ûȷѶͱҶֱˡ
һУȴѣƺµߣһۼһ㣬ûܼҴҳһڡ
ۼ߶ˣ¶Ļ͸ˡ
ܿģҶٰũͰ粻ȥˣʼ
Ȼⳡֻһ֮£ݵĴϷѡ
ȻҶ밲Ź澭⣬ߣѹ֪Ϸһޱȡ
£Ҷֱͱ׷أȥġ
һΣΪ˱ĻܼңҶֱø첲ؿڵһ
Ϊ˶׷ҶֱһˮһһҹܼȴҶ£˿δ
ΣյһΣȴǱ׷ˡ
һΣܼҵĻ궼ûˣҶ˭˲֪
Ϊ뵽Ҷƴ߹ǶΧһӰ
ǻӰƷײߣһȴû⡣
Ǻٴӳ죡
һ·ϣüλܼƴҪ֣ȴҶסˣԵܼڵ״һָ㲻þͻɢġ
龰жĻֱܼᡣ
һΣܼҾãıڱ
Ҳƴһ·ϻٳıǳӦ֮Ҫǿϼ֡
ܼҾãǽչ鵽ϣպϰµʱ򣬾Իӵĵ
ңһνҶɷ򸾡ɹĴȥй͵磬϶ܹ
ٴθĻ˵Ϳһˡ
ʱĸеĸ
ûʲôȹĽˡ
ԣҶÿһգܼҾͰһģһҪŻȥȥ֮һҪԼߡ
Ҵ˶ʮ죬ԸڵľƣҶһΪװģӵ˴󺣱ϡ
Ŵ󺣣ҶȴһĳɫƵƵ̾
ûܼЩɻ󣬡ǰôǶˣۿž뺣ˣ̾ʲôʲôĪûжɺ֮
֪п纣󣡵ǣǰ½ϣ˶ƾͷԸǿǵϣ֮ڶޣͷƾͲˣ
ҵΪ˵һȺͷ׵ޣҾ͵군
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ҶֹһЩԥ˽ڣֻҪ·պǵԻʼαһҶýĻᡣ
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һ֮Ҷ濴޵ΪּΪľԺӣвɵһ
ΪݵԭֻΪԺ֮УԺԺڣֻΪµ̺򣬴ʱѾ˷˯졣
֮⣬Ժ⣬κ֣Ǳ޵ľңԺȴָźüȡ
£ҶϾ˼ƽϡ
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ͬһʱ䣬Ҷ˫ֽ¥ʬԴ߸߾𣬱棬ġ


1128 ֲ
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1130 ǵӦ
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һ޽ӽʱ߶޹ǣһݵɷ֮ɢ׷ǰߵ·ʱɢӡ
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ڵص׵Ҷ棬ʱǲ಻ѡ


1131 جμ
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ԾԾֵǿǿ󣬵ɷֲҶ档
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ҪǵѾӵˡ
ǻǱǵ֮ϣǾбҵĿܡ
¶Բ֮λǿеλլԺץʱָλǵϿգĬĬע·ǵʱ׼Ӧ⡣
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˴죬ʱʹķţһĪˬС
ˮŵ죬ȴûзһļ֦ȻһĪٶ
ˣµСݣָ˾޼ĻݣҲٵš
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գʮһʶľҪ߶Կ
֦ʮ߾ͬʱһ֦·һ㣬ֳһ̽͵һᣬֱӴʮߵû롣
ʮʱ
һӰӵصָ⻪һͽʮߵʬ˽ȥսʬɲǣָɫ⻪һƣʮߵֱӱޱȵıս
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֮ϢľҵصףͻȻ䱬Ϣ
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ҶصΪɫĿֲһạ̊́ͲһĿܹܵġ
Ҷ˲ϢʹӵصһӣɱɱյգǣȴҶս޴֮С
Ϣ֮ĨһкۼҶٴζصףֱһĿ꣡
ҹһģһ飬ǵ帮ÿһ֮вͣš


1132 ɱˣ
ò˵¥ֿⱣΪҶ˴æ
¥յĺ̫࣬Ҷѹ֪ĸҪĸҪ¥ĿⱣȴҶָһ·
ֻҪпŵ¥ӵܣǿ϶֮мֵĺӵܡ
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ԣҶרЩֵ˻ӵ֡
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ϴڻţ̴ϽָΪĸʱ֮ʿ˵
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תߵĸǾͫһͿָܹһŵıߣģƺʲôˡ
ţ
żָܹܣ޵С̴ŷɫһ䣬ͬʱһֲõԤС
λڣˣǸ˼θλȫˣԶԶģָܹܾ͹˽´
ūūûпüλūָܹһ߿һ߿Լӡ
޵͵ȥֱӽָܹ˵ʲôϷڸУһûκζո븮ôͳˣ
ūҲ֪ǰźλϴŮոرģūȥһȫˣűǵĿߣҲʧˣ
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ͬʱҶһڱСסŷϼָ֮־ͽŷս޴
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˵ɫرѿޱȣԥģ˵һٴγ˼⣡


1133 ãҾã
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¥ŷǷһ㣬гĵһйĵһ㣬ϢĹ򣬾ͽǰһԺһǧ׵ѷ죡
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һ̴ʿ졢޵Сŷ֪࣬桢˵鶸رޱѿЩߣ

䣬¥һ˵Ļ


1134 Ƴ
Ҷ棬ˣ̸̸ɣ
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1135 ̸ֽ
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1136 鸮
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1137 ִβ
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ͬһʱ̣βһԺڣʥʥƺʥ˴еĸǾֹ
磬û뵽ĵܾȻܽһƳģƺʥɷ˸磬˵ǳǱ֮·ͻϮܹɵ
ԣʥһƺʥ˸ɵǣǺ뱲ӣͱ밲ˣ
ĵķȵЩ
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ʥڣȴƺʥסƺʥһת͵Ҽĵܣûôף
Ǿ̴ŷࡢʿ졢޵ɫ䣬ʲô˼
ԣƺʥȴǺٺһЦŸǾ֣


1138 Ƕ
ʲô˼ɵ
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һۣǾž;գҵһѪŭͬʱ
ҶϷһҪʬϣ


1139 Ѫȵķ
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ԭܼ򵥣Դеһ顣
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1140 Ը
飡
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ŷһɲǶظ޾ĲɣҶ桢ʥʥƺʥɢߵע£̧Լơ


1141 
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ֻҪҶ治ڣ˲һԣŷҲԼԼ
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ôǰ˵ݾͺˣǵ׾λǰʿ졣
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кܳһʱڣ׶ΪҶʤɱС
ҶΪѵǣǰλʿ죬׾ĳԣֻΪ˰ԸѪħѪѡ
ѪħѪսΪһʶս׾ǰشҶ档
ºԣպҶ֮ʱҶΪӲھ׾ĵء
˭Ҳ벻Ҷλǰ棬Ȼݼġ
ǰ컯Ūˡ
ʿҲ̾һʿû뵽ǰõǸСһȻʱڣͳɳ˾˵ĵز
û뵽Ǹ۲һСһȻܹΪ¥С
û뵽ŵļӼ棬Ȼ¡
Ȼֻ֮ƬʥǸǾˣƶϳҶʿ֮ĶԹ
ϲɵøֳһ˿֮ɫǺ֪Ҷ澿ҪδǰһζԹ
ϧΪδδǰʧ֮ۡҶ˵
ǺǣҲϷСҪֱΪӣ죿ʿһĲȻ
ʿЩڰ
ڵҶĶ飬ȷʵУǣʿƤٺ񣬴ʱҲ޷ԴҶ
ƾĶۣҶ洫ھ׾ҲԸġ
ֻû뵽ҶСһɱ֮졣
һȻĶԻУҶʿ춼˳Ĭ֮С
Ȼ̸УʥǾ̴ŷࡢ޵е˾øӵĿ⿴Ҷ档
֪Ҷ浽׻δʿ֮ĶԹ
У˼˰εҶͻ˫Ŀ
¹ڣгʿңңȥ
һ֣صݣ˶Щ㲻
ʿҲ̹ܲȻҶݡ
ԶЮ֮ˣҶȻԸ˽֮Ҳܵġ
֮Ҷȴ̧ͷ֣صǰûʦͽ֮Ե֮Ҷû
ֻ컯Ūˣû뵽ҶĳȻǰڵ¥У
Ȼˣմ豨ҶĳһĲ
˵䣬Ҷͽе¥ͼʿ죬ʿ쿪ڣҶе޴⻪һλһλﱻҶ涶̶ʿ졣
һӳĵӰ֮Ҷʿһֵǰ¥ͼҵλ´¥ѡˣͻ
ǰմǣ¥ˮݣӽǰԹ
պӵ䵽ϣԲǰ£Ҷ˵
ʿ쿴ùλһɡ
ŶһҶ棬ȴĿϧ
һ֮Ȼ˺һӢš
λҪʣȻ˵;ͣԥ
Ϸף
Ҷ˱ʿѾ޻˵
ΪӼֵϽ£Ҫҵλµͳһ˵ۣпҼĻۡ
⣬ӽ󣬻ǰԼҶٴЩ⣬򣬽֮£ǰ֮һ˵Ҷһ߶ŷһۡ
һŷһرͨ첻ѡ
һǧŶ˰
ǣûŷϣȴһһ
ŷ¥ǰĶѱڣǼɣҶ濴ŷࡣ
ǰǴҸĸҪЮʲôڣҾŷҪЮʲô
Ǿ仰ŷҵٸҽףҶ浭Ȼ˵
ɲǼ䣬ŷѪɫʾһ˲Ϣò԰ײѡ
û뵽ȻǳôһӣҶûзŹĴ㣡
ѵҪԾڴ
ҶǱߵвӣҵ¥ҶУ
ԼԼһأ
̰ŷһǿ߻дѵԪôԷΪ
֮ǰûϣȴһϣ
棬ǰѾʲôˣ
һˣŷ໺תͷһĿ⿴ʿ졣
ʿһĿЦ


1142 ׾
ŷĿģʿһĿɬ
ʿ£ֻܹŷ࣬ǲȣŷܻıҶ桢Ը
ǣʿܾŷ࣬˵ʿڰһţҶŷһ
Ҷ֮ǰѾԥķŻҵ¥λ´¥ѡˣǱ֮ˣԴ˶Թ塣
֮˵ʿܾŷ࣬ҪʿܸҶϻ
ˣ¸ոտڻû˵꣬ԼҵȱҶ˺ȾšԴ
ǣŷֲܲȡ
һɲǣʿȻ̾һңңĳҶ湰˹֣Ҷ棬ʵΣϷҲֻٴκƤˡ
Ϸϣܸܲŷһ·
ȻϷҲǺڰĿڣϷδ˵ľ׾أԵϣʿķһ
Ҷ濴ǿȴЩ⡣
˵ʵǾ׹⻹Ǿףǿ
ʿչֳľ׽һϢҶɫܵĪѹ
ɼ伫䲻
ϧǣʿԹ֮Ҷ֪뾪׾ؾ޽
ʿ죬ҲὫǵطͨؼҶС
Ҷû뵽һ塣
ʿΪ˾ŷ࣬Ȼֱó˾׾ء
ò˵ʿ»ǱȽϵġ
ʿֱӿҶŷһҶʮа˾Ųܾʥ᲻˵ʲô˵׼ˡ
ȻǰˣһøǽĽףǾ͹¹ɣָţҶʿ͹ľ׾ء
ͬһʱ̣ͷ亹ŷһ
ǱסˣʣµģͿôظҵӵˡ
ֱҶ仰˵ǾҲһΪܹˡ
ȻҪˣ㿪۰ɣֻҪ¥
˭˵ҪˣҶͻش˸ǾĻ
Ǿ̴ŷࡢʿ졢޵˵鶸رȻޱȣһ̲סҶָʲô
ҪˣһȾ˱ֱԣӽˣ̤벽ӾΪūŮΪ潡
Ҷ治ɫʾһԣ¥λ¥ɫ䣬ʥɫҲЩŹ֡
ΪҶ䣬ոպʣǰ˵׷ѾˣںģǼ崫УѪõĴС
Թڴ˰ɣ̴ü
ޣˣǻõ鸮֮󣬲귢ԡ¥Ҵҵ֪ûޱȵܷ
Դеѡ𣿡ҶһЦңֻ̤Ϻѣ˼򵥵ԣǻ
ҪҪݵģԼģܾܾܲ
˵ţҶȻޱȵĿӸǾ̴ŷࡢʿ졢޵ɨ֮Ƿ˼򵥵ԡ
ֻΪ֮ǰĲȻǵȱ޳֮£ǵļƻȻҪɱƽйߡ
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ҶһǸǾ̴ŷ໹ʿ޵У˵ͨ첻ѡ
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ⶥñӣǴˡ
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ʱǾ̴ŷࡢʿ졢޵˵ɫͱޱȵѿ
ҶǰΪֻ֮ʱܽ¥췭ظնɱкڵߡ
ΪͻƵ͸֮ˣ¿֮£ҵҶĶˡ
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ǰδ¥ǾˣȻ⣬һһҶԳ鸮࣬귢ԡ
ȴǳʿϡ
ʿҪڷԵʱҶոͻص¥ͻسֹڣԣӦòá
죬ϣ
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Ҷ֮ԸôһҪĿľΪ˽ĺ֮ǡ
ֻҪĺ֮ǣǿ׷ɱҶҲſӦһ
ʵҶ滹иʡµķǾǱǰЩ˷¸ĲöԸҶԡ
ǣЧ
ҶϸойظԵļ¼
Ҷ淢֣νԣϹŴһԣֻ֮£ػӦ
ǣ˵ϹģûЧȴû֪
أһЩ򵥵ԣΥҲûӦġ
̫񶾵ԣȴû˸ڳԡ
ǣϹߣԶ˾η֮ġ
ԿԼΪ״
ǣЧ
ҶĿǰû֣ҲûзӦĵġ
ǣһȴģĳλ߷һصԣȴΥˣ֮ʱ߻ħͻΪ֮ʱΪء
ҶãӦԼħйء
Ч񣬾Ϳÿ˵ľη֮ˡ
˵ô࣬ʵһ仰俿Ʈ첻֪ʱӦ֤ȫ翿ԼĿһЩ
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ڣ¥ֲعص֮ǰ͵úú룬֮ܲܳܵҶı
ͬڣҶ潫عص¥һ̹ѪĽѵ


1143 øˣ
ȻҪˣҾͿˣǵ´¥ѡˣһλһƷͿҪ꼸λˣҶֱ˵ıۡ
һβϵɢʱ͵һ
һλһƷ龧۸񣬿湻ߵġ
ǵ࿪߰صߣһ꣬ǲԲȲҲܹʮƷ龧
࿪кڵҲܹ°Ʒ龧
ȻЩɢеۣ¥еۡ
ҶۣҲǰδ¥Ǿüͷ΢ѡ
һһƷ龧¥𣬵ؼ˶డ
ϷŻ߻ǰնɱλʱҶеյ´¥ѡˣʮˡ
ʮˣǾһǧƷ龧
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˼˼ϢǾ̧ͷҶ棬Ҷܷ񡭡
ȸǾ˵꣬Ҷʹ˸ǾĻͷ龧ûϵж龧龧ǡ
Ұ龧Ŀͷ˱ǣţûǮģҳԵһһǵʬǣҲûģ
Ҷ·ҳ̸һ仰˲ϢΧߴһһһ꣬ûײеһһ
ϻͷĸǾĬˡ
Ϣ֮ٴ̧ͷʵ꣬λ¥ʲô룬һɣ
Ҷһָҡҡһһ룬Ƚ꼸λ´¥ѡˣ̸
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û취λ¥ҶУǳ֮֮Σ
˵ҲҶ濪һƷ龧Ҷ濪Ʒ龧ǻܲ
һʹƵ󣬻̴һ˶ĴƺʥӹһƺʥҶ˵ͷ
Ϣ֮һһӰҶ޴ڷųҴʮλ¥´¥ѡ˱Ҷų
иߣڱ⿪һɲǣֱӺмֱӴڻ״̬ģٲųѾԶˡ
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ˣλ¥۰ɣǾ˵
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ȻˣǾǺӣͷѾλ´¥ѡ˵ļ۸ο˵Ʒ龧Ʒ龧İƷ龧Ҳˡ
ţҪ꾧üͷһ
࣡
ҶЦһָΡ
⶯ǾͷһɣһʮƷ龧Ǿˣ
һԵĻ̴Ҫ龧ʱȴҶЦžܾˣ¥һʮƷ龧ЦҲʶأ
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Ҫ
ʵںҪ֮ǰǾԥһµġ
ǾģҶʱеĸӦɾӰӦòɱģϾǴĿ˵ĺ꾧
һԥҶɲǼ䣡
ۣ
Դ𣬾ǻеѪһ࣬ʬֱӴӿеȥԴȴҶС
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ҶҸƴˣ
ɲøǾ񰡣Ǽҵ¥ɽѾˣԪ࣬ѹʱһǿߡ
ΨһľѾ벽¥Ԫݽ֮ǰӦǿܹΪǿߣǼҵĴ
˵ǸǼҵϣ
ڣҶȴһԲϾͽϣˣ
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Ҷһ仰;˷ŭƴĸǾ
ȥɲǣͿҶУŸոոǸոƿӳꡣ
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ûˣֻҪ鸮ڣϣûϡ
ǸǼҾͻϣ
ɲǼ䣬ǾӲɲԼΣæҶֵ꣬꣡
ǼеģҶһ㡣
ŴӦ꣬ȥˣҶЦһڻû󱬸ꡣ
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ҶȴǷһİۣһǧƷ龧˵ļۣ꣬ҪǧƷ龧
һǾһʱ˸ͨ죬û뵽Ǽҵ¥ʧȥҪǼ˰
һĻʿҲЩȥˡ
Ҷ棬һߣպʿ濪˵
ߣ仰¥䣡¥ıҸĸΪҪЮҪѪϴ۹˿ڵʱ򣬾Ѿʧȥ˽仰ʸ񣡡Ҷŭ߳
ʿĶѾˣҲһθʿӷŷһ·ʱʿٲ֣Ҷͺ顣
һŭ⣬ͽʿ˸
ŷǸް黹ֱ֣
Ǵ¥꣬ҪǲҪҪǲҪһǳ·
ҪҪ̴Ҷ˵꣬ǾѾˣǱҶˣҪǼΨһϣٱˣˡ
̴ȴǿ˿Ǿ˿Ҷ棬ޱͳһָ͸Ҷ档
ǣһΣҶû龧ǾʱͼˣҶ棬ʲô˼
Ҷȴǽеĸ꽻˾ʥ龧ˣţ̸ˣһԽף
ҶͼĸǾʱͼˣôԡ
ҶȴûǾǽĿ⿴˶¥̴ڶ¥̴ЩҵĿУҶ濪۵ƶ¥ҵ¥ƹ껣ҿ۲ߣţһǧƷ龧껹ǲꣿ
˵ţƼ¥ƹ껾ͱҶУǼƣһԲϾն׵˼
һΣ̴ûжӿǣæСһĵͷ꣬꣡
ڸǼҵ¥¥꾧һ룬ôܲ⡣
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ͬһɲǣƺʥҲֻĳҶЦ˵ĵܰ˲ŸտʼǾû龧ˡ
ҿʣµˣ㻹һ˸ɾ
ͬʱ˷ңңۿɢǣȴǵһթģûô͵ġ
£ͽ׾¥øˣ


1144 
ӳ£ǰδ¥ǾɫЩＷһ仰ȱ٣
¥ڹ龧Ʒ龧Լ˽˵Ʒ龧ȱ龧̴һĿЦ
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͵ǰȱ龧һĻ
ңڻ̴Լ˽ʲ֮ȱ
ϷʮƷ龧ˣǾݳһָУȴһ˿֮ɫ
ܿģŷʹչһǧƷ龧װһöָ֮зһԡ
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1145 ӵ
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1146 ˵ջ
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1147 ٶ֮
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1148 һ
ĵܣƾĶۣٶȣ֮УѾ漣ˣ֮УҶ뷨Ĭһľʥڡ
㣬֮ڣܽΪ۷壬ٶҪ˵ȥܹĽߡ
˵ģĶͷ¥ԣǵĹ۲죬¥¥ǣͶǰԴޱȵĳ档
ǣҪΪӿһ۷壬ҲҪһʮϡԣҾ㻹Ǳ̫ļˡ
Ͱ㣬ʮ֮ڣӦܹΪͻƵأʱҪ뿪Ǿ㡣
ʱڵսԿصΪǶǿߣҲȫˡʥȰ
ԣҶЦʮꡭ
Ц֮࣬Ҷɫȴһ磬ǵ˼ף֮ǰһҪŬһ
Ŭ޹Ҿͻᰴǵ뷨ʵʵıչǱޣ
Ҷᶨ飬ʥʥƺʥӿЦ
ðɣҪǰʲô˵ɣ
£Ҷָ
һ£֪֮ϣû֪ǿޣҶʵ
նɱ֮鲻ܹȫľҶȵΪҶ滹ܹ츳ͨ˵Ǻôޡ
ǣҶΪԽԽߣɿɱԽԽ٣ڽҲ
µ׻ߵؽ֮еߣǵؽеߣҶҲ
նɱ֮ȴûʲôջ
ҶΪͻƵ֮󣬵ؽ׵ȫ֮һҶѹͲʲô
츳ͨҲе޶츳ͨ
ҶԦŵĸ֮еնɱĶβзһ㣬Ϊˣ˴һˮ֮ܣûǽʯǿ츳ͨˡ
ȻҶҲնɱĳֻǿ֮ٻüǿ츳ͨˣҶֻϣܹնɱǿ޿Ϊ
ϣ֮󣬾ʥȴ¶Ц֮ɫ
ĵܣǲ֮ʣŻ⡣
޵ʣҶЩɻ
ĵܣˣ֮мΪɫĴڣǻ֮ǰǲ𣿡ʥʵ
ҶԻҡҡͷ
ʥȴǼᶨҡҡͷǣȻ֮еߣҲޣ
ô˵ɣ֮£޲̫ѣ
ҲĳȺĳһͷ޳ʱһѪͻޡ
ǣ޵ƷԽߣ޵ĿԾԽ͡
޻ĴҪ߳ΪޣǾҪ߹Ѫпܣ
ϣûκһͷϵޡʥ˵
Ҷɫȴһ䣬ûһͷ
ûûһͷһ㣬ǿԿ϶ΪǴǰѰͻ֮·ʱ̤ûκһͷ
ңҪף֮УѪʹʵ
ΪޣѪǸ
Ŀǰǿλλ
ѵѪԶߵѪ߱еߣ仰˵ֻҪѳһϵѪǾеˡ
ǣҪľһԵѪǿܸ춼
ҵı壬ǸԣǸȺ֮Уܹ׻ĴڣΪǳԽĴڣ
ȻҪǣ½޷ӦܣҲ޷ᴿѪˣǳΪеˡʥ˵
ⷬҶЩɽֵģϵ˼Ǹˡ
˵½ûϵ޳ɳ
ҲǣУһǾǿߣܵȵҶɱΪˡ
ʧ֮࣬ҶЦһ£Ȼˣ²Ҳգڶ£λһܹҵģ
ޣʲô£ʥ¶һ˿֮ɫ
һ飡Ҷ˵
飿
ûǶ緽λѪڣЩ뵱Էգѣ˵
Ҫλһ飡Ҷ˵
ΪԦ֮£ҶȻҲǺƾϵǼλڵġ
ԣʥ¶˺֮ɫ鲻ѣȴǺܺĵֻϲҪʲô
ϧǣҶþʥʧˡ
ˣлˣ֮£ֻҼ󵨵һƲ⻹һԼ˽£ãλҲһǳϲҶ
ޣ
Ҷ治ô˵ãһô˵ƺͬʱҶ棬۵ĺ棬èצһ㡣
Ƕ֪Ҷʵʲô£Ȼܹ˾ϲ


1149 ڵĹ
̺̺֬ͨһ¥ڣһͻͻأ𣬡ƹģＫƷ龧ζһ
ڲ鿴ĿƹͷҲ̧һ£ֱӻصһ鼫Ʒ龧ԻһһʮƷ龧ԻһǧƷ龧
жټƷ龧Զһº͵ٴ𣬲һ˿䡣
ţ
ƹЩ̧ͷҪҼƷ龧ǰɣһٶʮƷ龧Զһһ鼫Ʒ龧
Ʒ龧ĻһǧƷ龧ܶһһ鼫Ʒ龧Ҫ飿
ƹҲ߶ᱸϼ鼫Ʒ龧ؼʱʲô⣬ԣ̬Ⱥ⡣
ǰλߵһ仰ͽˣ
жټƷ龧Ҫ٣Ҷ˵
ȫҪƹĻЩԥ
ȫҪ
λƷ龧ӲͨԣҪĶ࣬Ҳǲܽģܽܣƹٴʵ
ҶٴԵƲƲ죬ֻҪٶȣ
ʱ֮Ҷǧٶ鼫Ʒ龧̣̤߳ŵʱǼ䵴޵Ρ
ѾҶ淵ĹϿ˵ĵʮˡ
̤ÿһҶ飬ֻΨһһһƷ龧
Ҷǰ̿ڰڽΪ۷壬ǰǣҶܹӵдļƷ龧Թ
ʵǣҶȫµļƷ龧Ŀ鶼鼫Ʒ龧Ūö޷֧ҶüƷ龧ꡣ
ȻĿǰҶѰΪĽݾҶҲܷ
ջǷǳɹ۵ġ
ԣһ·Ҷ涼ڿ·ǰЩ߾ۼĺһƷ龧
̫ϡˡ
һҶһǧ˰ٿ鼫Ʒ龧һǿӵһһٵһҶֻһٿ鼫Ʒ龧
һµʱڣҶһһǧ鼫Ʒ龧Ʒ龧İʮ飬ҶļƷ龧ﵽǧ顣
ǣһʮ죬ҶÿĵļƷ龧͸ߴһǧ顣
̫ˡ
ɨ˼ͼڵıעҶִ򣬻·Ӧûܹһһ㡣
һת̵ѼһƷ龧ĻӦûϲ
Ϣ֮ҶͳƲеСèռƷ龧֮࣬һ
ûϢҶüͷ΢΢һ壬۾ͬʱСèٶȶһ
λȻסҶĳȥ·ǾͱˣɣҶ濴ǰƲͺһ
𣡡
ͬʱҶµСèһŭХУǰޱ޼ʵƲʱǱһɿɢ¶ƲеӰ
һŮ
Ʋ֮УͻȻı¶ϲ˾㵡
Ϊߣǿһλأ˶ǿء
ȻνΪҲҶУһУҲǾǿˡ
ܷǣ򺣴ʥҲȫͽһµŮЦ
ޣ֪ҵͷǻңҶǸһĨζ
ߣҵľ㣡ǰƮһ齣ӳҶ쿪ָѡҪĴָһ·
ҪǴʬϰĴָ
Ҫң
ʵͼҶ棬ЩЦãȻҪ·
˵λǼȻ֪ҵݣҴңͲº󱨸ҶЩʵ
¸񣡡齣͵һڣһΣ͵ֵǷܶİˣСǱޣ˭ҵǣ
ٷϻ㽻ǲûʥٲݹ飡齣ӶҶͨ
ԣҶȴ̾һ˰֪¡
ҶƣӦڷβ¥ǧƷ龧鴫ˣǰЩˣȴ޴ΪҶǿʥõǧƷ龧
һɲǣҶ鶸رޱȣϢ֮ڣϸжԶԶҪȻ
ҪȻôΣŮٴЦҶܴҲͶԸǵеһܡ
Ϣˣ
ĸֳڵɲǣҶеĺһţ׵ģ˵Ůһصӣһһľͷһ֮е䡣
ɲǼ䣬齣ɫ䡣
㡭ˡ
û˵꣬齣תӡ
ϧ̫ˡ̾һǰƸֵɲǣָᵯһǸһ׷ϣ˲ϢͰס齣ӡ
Ϣ֮һƬҽ
ֽλҶ򵥵Ļ̺ɱĿߵĴָȡΪҶٴСè֮ʱȴĻͷһۡ
ɲǼ䣬Զʮﵽ֮⣬ϰ׹սѡ
һصߣһֱŵĴ׹䣬ûˤ
ЦŷβϢҶֽ£಻֪ǳĿߣȻҶ⡣
ЦģһȺҶ֮У඼ǿ嵽صߡ
һսȴҶңң׹ŵϰ١β͡׵ʧˡ
Ҷٴһ·פ׹ϵļƷ龧ʮء
ȻҲûκһ۵ĸҶ档
ʮһ֮ҶǼªϿһӶû˿ֱͣ䶼ķ
һ·ϣСèɢòٰ·ĿǸĶӡ
Сè׺ڵΪڵߡ
ڣڵ߶Ƿë۽һĴڣ˭˸棿
ӷĴϿգ俪ʼԺи֡
ɵķ£λ̳ǰǧۣλʧѾõĳ̵Ͻʹ䢣ɹɽڵ޵
λҶһϦˮ֮ĺͫͫģҶԺеɲǣҶ΢΢һ
һȥӦܹɣ
һȥĿģͫҶЩͷ
ҶһǰλڣҪĿġ
һ̼⣬λӵԶôмڵĿУ֤һЩ뷨Ǹ󵨵뷨ܲܽȥ
ڶǴµˡ
Ȼλڿ϶֪µˣǼܲסλʶ㣬ӵĿǰ½ԶĴм䣬µɫǰԣ˵Ҷҵһ
ֻҪҵһҲǺõģܱĿǰͷӬһҪõĶࡣ
ȻҲΪڼΪǲԶˡ
֮ҶѾٴεﵱμӹɹɽˡ
ɹɽڵļƷ֮С
Ҷڵĵλſʱɹɽķ
룬Ҷ滹ûϽɹɽѰ
ȻˣҲô죬Ȼ䶼
ʱ֮󣬾޴ޱȵ䶼Ѿ
䶼Ҷ뿪֮ʱûٱ仯һս̳֮䶼
䶼˷Ѳߵߣ󲿷̷ֶεߣֻǣӦһ̼ţѲߵĴ֮УûһʶҶġ
ϲҶ棬Ҷеķȴϵģһ·ͨ裬Ҷ̳
̳Ĺأ̳䣬շУҶҲǵصġ
Ҷָǧ۷һѶ֮󣬾Ųڵȥ
ʣת̣ҶܵȰݼ˽ǧۣ顣
£ǧʮа˾žǴ
Ҷ΢΢Щǣǧ۵ķѶȥˣûκλӦ
Ҷ治˵Ҫüǧ۴˳ӭ֮ģҶ治ϲҲڡ
ǧҪһѶҶȥ
һ·ڵı仯󣬵ȴ˺ܶס
ͻȻ䣬ǰһŴճһߣ߱˵ףӰҶҲϤ
ǱˣǵҶһμӹǺӡ
Ǻӣ
Ҷ첽ӭкһ
ǺӵĽŲһ٣̧ۿҶʱһʱ䣬ͱѿޱȡ
һɲǣǺӵٴһ䣬µת߹·ʶҶһ㡣
Ҷüͷ͵һǺӿΪʲô˹ķӦ
ֱģҶÿܳʲô顣
ߣ
ٵ괫ͬһʱҶĻ꺣֮Ǻɫ֮괫
Ҷ㳹׸㲻ˡ
ҶˣǺӲӭߣ
⵽ô£
Ҷǧ۵ĹϵѲɼǧܽҶͽɣ
ȵȡ׵Ҷæ׷ϡ
ǺӵĽŲȴǸ죬ɿʧȵľͷͬʱ괫ٴҶԺ𣬡Σգߣҹʱڶֵ
Ҷһ㣬ڸոǺ괫˼ʱǰŴתһߣһɢſϢߡ
ӰҶɲǣǴ󾪣ȴǴϲ
ͬһɲǣϳϢҶ棬Ƥȴ̲סķ鴤


1150 ȷ溷
Ҧɭ
̸Ҧɭ
Ȼ̵̳ڿҦɭһ㶼⣬Ҷ澪ˡ
Ҷ澪㵵ģǸҦɭʱصΪ
Ҷ뿪ǰʱҦɭΪѡ
ǣ̶һʱ䣬ҦɭΪʹﵽ˿ڣ
ڰ
ҶһƴƴŪһŴؿ龧òײſɹ
ҪΪͻƵأȫüƷ龧ҲҪꡣ
뽫ΪڣҪʱ䡣
ǸҦɭһʱڣɹΪ˿ڡ
ҶݲñΪٶȱ졣
̫˼ˡ
ʥԣҶ֮ڽΪصٶȣ˵ѾǼٶˡ
Ϊ¥ڵЩ¥ҲҶһݳ޵üƷ龧
ǰҦɭƫƫˡ
ҲŪһöؿҲҶźļƷ龧ݳ޵Ҳܽ·һʱꡣ
οҶеĸҦɭѹӵ˿ֲĲ
ҶƤӷ鴤ĸԭ
ǰҶ棬ҦɭĽŲĪһͣһ£ʹ󲽵ǰһϲá
ҶʲôʱģҲ֪ͨһǰȥӭӰҦɭЦӭһЦһߵһöѶ
֪ͨǽ֪ˣһǳ˵ģ
룡ҶһûǲǾڱ仯Ĵ󰡣
ĹҦɭѾҶȥһҶ֮ҦɭƺҶ汣׵ľ롣
죡
ޱȵĹ죡
ҶĿǰĸо
ǧ۵ķѶûӦ˵һǺӾȻϣߣ˵Σգ
ҦɭΪǸӵĹˡ
˵ʵҶ滹Ҧɭ̽һ£ڶʱڷٵΪģ
ڵԵĲǹ졣
Щ仯ɣϲ
Ҷ濪ڵͬʱһѶ䵽ҦɭУһۣҦɭϲѾ֪Ҷˣ㣡
ޣ
ҶƤһҦɭĿЩŹ֡
ǧûлӦҶķѶȴӦҦɭķѶʲôʱҦɭǧ֮ˣ
ǣҲȲҶŮܰɣ
Ҷ֮ȻûоʽǹϵȴѾˡ
һˣҶͷ΢΢һ
ףҦⲻ԰ɣҸϵ˽ҵķѶ˵ȥľôͻȻֻˣҶթ
ʲôⲻܣ
Ҧɭ֮ʣɫ˲Ϣ˼Σʵľ͸һ㡣
ܣҦʲô˼Ҷɭɭ˵
Ҧɭʱȴǿһ˿Цݵǣ˵ܸ᲻ǽϲֻ˵طأٷѶѯһ£
˵ţһٴηɳ
Ϣ֮󣬷ٴξ䣬һΣҦɭȴǱÿ϶Ҷȷˣȷʵ㣡
𣿡ҶȴǶҦɭЦ
ҦɭҶ涢Щë
滶ӭҰȻô࿪ۼȥһķչǡ˼顯
⼸ֺȳɲǣˢһӥƷسҶļͷ
Ҧɭ˲Ϣͱþޱȣٵĺ˾ޱȵĿҶ棬Ҷ㡭Ҫʲô
ȻΪѾߴ￪ڣΪɱҶߣҦɭҶǰȴûκε
ҶĿֲҦɭһһģΪʱӿһءءص߶ҶĶ֡
ο䶼Ķһս֮Уصĳ̽ǱҶնɱġ
µʱб˵İҦɭҶļɵɲһ㡣
ҶĿɭɭĶҦɭ˼ϢеɭȻɷһ˿ЦһҪãҶĳ١ݼ
֮ƽӥƷһҶξͳ
ҲҶҶγɲǣһɢžϢӰҲǳ𣬵ոճһɲǣ˲Ϣع顣
Ѿ֪ʲô
֪˸ãһУҪ֪ġ
ΪΨһܹϵȷ溷ҪҪģ
֮ڣһλò졢ӢĲ񻰵꣬һţ
ͬʱһλϢҦм
ɣ
ӢĲ񻰵꿪ڵͬʱűҶ澪һ亹Ҧɭ߽͹ڵص°²𷣣
ƲУҶ温Ųûκ׷׷̳Щɻ
ҶթһҦɭҦɭӦ˵ٴʾһ½Ϣʱ䣬ҶҲûš
ǼϢʱڣҶѾ޴ڵˮɢȥ
˲Ϣ͸Ӧ˼侪˵һĻ
ǼϢڣҶٷ˳ʮλ߾ۼ̵в߰صߡ
һڵʵĻ湻찡
ͬʱҶ滹֣ڸ
ۺ֮£Ҷ治ѷ֣ڲ⡣
·Ҷǰֱôһ¡
ĵҶҪһ·ȥʮа˾ŵôɱ䡣
ȻҶڵʵ˵Ƕʮλص߰صߣٶһҶҲǲ壬Ծֱɱȥ
ЩϹѹҶ涯֣ڵСͿɸ㶨
ǣ̣Ǽǧ۵̡
Ҷ׵ıɱ䣬޿صʧǾͲŪˡ
ҪǣһֿһҶǰڵˣ׵ʹɱ֣ҶЩ²ȥɱ
ЩǣҶڷҦɭһڹؼʱֱ̾뿪ѡ˵ڶ·
ȸҶ뿪һʱڣ䶼׷ʲô飬Ȼ
״ѡ
Ǻԣҹʱڶֵ仰˵ǺӰʾҶҹʱ
ʱ򣬴ǺҶʮа˾Ӧû֪ࡣ
ʱдʱ䣬ҶɵȴңǺһ˽࣬ҲҶ硣
Ϣ֮ҶоͷɳѶѶֱǷ³㡢ɷ
ˣȻǿߣȴҶūһ˭֪
Ҫ˵˭ĻţȻ˵ġ
Ҷ׼ѯʡ
Ҷ֮ǰĲãֻҪ䶼ܱǱޣϹҲҪһʱ䡣
ԣѶ֮Ҷȴ̳
˽һ˵ģѣĵˣ
ţʵϾ̵ĵˡ
ڵֱ仯ſ϶֪
ǣҶ浽̳ʱʱĿ࣡


1151 
棡
ۻ̳ȻһƬûķ档
һ˲䣬Ҷһֻĸоһʱ䣬䶼ı仯Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ʱȻսˣͳ˴֮󣬻䶼֮һ
û뵽Ȼģ
վ֮ǰķ˼һҶ濴˿죬һ£ת䶼ģľ¥¥
ҶոյѶ³㽫ʱִ֮ɷĸʱִ֮
ǣ䶼˴ı仯ҶЩˣ¥Ǵ̽Ϣõĵط
ȻһЩĻϢǲܵģǴ󲿷ϢӦûǿԴģŸһ¡
̤¥ʱõĹкҶ档
¥ż䣡̵Сû˵ͽҶ˶¥ż䡣
ڲı䶯Щ˹֪Ӧòࡣ
λˣҪԵʲô¥С
ž
һƷ龧ͱҶĵСǰϲˣһƷ龧㹻ˣ
ԣС´Լһۣ޳ˣλˣСġСǺζ󣬶Сȵ̴ź˴ˡ
ۣ
һڲˮشҶпǺҶҿС񶸵ض˼ֶģ
ֱ˲Ӭ˰һ仰û뵽Сз磬ҪСǸ
ҶĲĵġ
СҲ˲ţǾ仰зˣҲܶĳȥ
ҳʲôأ龧һʱʱ䣬ЩҪѯ㣡
ţʵشǴ⣬һҲģҶóһƷ龧
Сʶһ£Ȼ͵ͷ
ţһ⣬ʲôʱģ˭ģΪʲôᱻǰȫҪһЩ׵СϢҲԽҶʵ
Сȴ¶ɻ֮ɫλˣѵ֪žǱ̸ġ
شͻشôʲô
Ҷ߳һʱͺСͲһĽ齲
ڼ䣬ҶĲϵʣСϵĻش
ò˵С¥˶ӵĵط£мģ֮Ҷãһʱڷ飬Ѿ֪߳ҡ
ǱģǾ屻ԵɣȴҪһǰ˵׼ȷ˵һһ֮ǰ˵
ҲҶ뿪ǰ֮ĵĸ£ҲȥڴϮ
Ҷƣ黹йء
ɵڳϷ·ˣǾǰ
ȻǱˮڡ
ȻҶ뿪ĸµʱ䣬̵ʵǷǳǿġ
ҶµĻ³ɷҶµǾħԪ֣˷ǳֲս
ħԪҶһߣһߵȥʱ̣һ͸Ź澭һߣҶĸĸ
˫սʼûã߾ռ˼ƣҵʱԼŵĸҲսˡ
ûãһλ෢֣ɱλߣֱӽ̽ǧش
ɲǼ䣬䶼ⷽܣ
ֱ̱̳Ի̴ء
Ҷ֪ǻ̴ǾŵطԪ󣬷ˣվǱҲ޷֧̫á
ڵ෢¾ңң̵Ļ̴ڣֻʱʱһʮʸĿֲǿ֧š
һʱ䣬ڻ̴⻪ҵҪ֮ʣһɫ˲Ϣͺ˲ҵ֧ŵ̵Ļ̴
Ȼ̵Ļ̴ˣڵҲһĻŻˣһֱ㲻ǰҳ̳֮ڡ
Ϣ̵֮ٴգͷߣȴһӢĲ񻰵ɫꡣ
ҲǼֲָյսĳ෢꣬󣬳෢Ӧսһˡ
ӢĲ񻰵̵ĸ׷ɱڸǧ˵նɱϰ١
ս֮䶼˶ڲ²ӢĲ񻰵ݡ
һµʱڣ̾ͷһ䶯䶼䶯ͨ档
ǧˣҪ꾲޷ؽ֮λ̣
̣λӢĲ񻰵ꡣ
̾λ֮£ŲΪɣ˳̤ƽţɽɱ
䶼Ϣ֮˲ǿţűһ֮󣬸Ŀžʹʧ
ν̴ԶڣֱɱڣĽǽڵر̵һã
һʱ䣬˸ǣ
ԴӽڱΪ̵ķ֮˸䶼ڵҲƽûʲô鷢
䶼Ҳַ
ЩҶǸСͳϢˡ
ĳ෢꣬Ӧþһ֮ǰ볤̾һս֮ʱϽʹ䢡
ǣʱжϣûһʱ䣬ǲָܻġ
ɾȻĸ¾ʹˡ
ƾնν̵˲Ҷ濴ֻҪһ˼⣬ʱˡ
̳֮ǰнɫһǰ̵ļϣҲһɫ
ʱһöɫξ塣
ǧڶΪ̳˵Ҷ棬Ȼ֪ξʲô
üǧ۵Ļ˵һö
һͿϵνϽ硣
ڵļأһʱܹ׼㹻ܹ۳Ͻ
Ͻͻήһλʹ
νʹǧһֱĪһ־ʩ˲ӡ
ˣҶˣ
ʮа˾ţӦþڴϮε£ǧ۲öϽ
̣ӦþϽʹ
ʲôϽʹʲô֮̽λҶڶġ
Ҷֻ֪һ¡ǧµ
أһ괫ҶԺ𣬡ϣ³³


1152 ϴ
ȷţҶĿĶŸսõĻ³㣬̫רעоʹ˼ѹ
δڣεѹ³ɫһף̲סҶŷӦ
ٴοҶʱ򣬳³ĿѾд𾪡
һ벻λ˾ȻѾÿֲ˹
Ŀѹܹܲסˡ
ϣ̴λĹ淢֮෽ֻڿ䳤ϣȨޣ񲻶ࡣ
ΨһԿ϶ǣ֮ʱڲûзģĻƴ˳ӣֻǣڲƺżϢ
ûϢǺϢ
жϣӦûţǣ϶̫ã³˵
̫áҶȭͷ͵߬һΪȣؽڶʼ෢ס
һʱ֮󣬱ɷϵ֪ĸ³࣬ȻΪǿϾ̵ĺġ
ޣˣϣԼǽλĹ淢֮ĵ죬Ҧɭҹңν˵ͣЧν
ʱҲþֻܾδˣɷ˵
ҦɭͽҶĿⶸһˣһΪʲôǸҦɭΪܹһʱؿ쭵ڣ
ϿǷʲô飿Ҷʵ
ɷ³һۣµţ˵֮ڣЧν̵ģΪ˴ȵ
һǰӳͶĿصĳϣЧν֮ΪȻһ֮ڴӿغڿ쭵˿سڣʮֵľˣ
ҲΪˣ̶̼ʱڣνܾ۽Ŀߡ֪̽Ŀǰ̵ʵ뿪ʱʮࡣ
ߣٶʮˣ˵
Σ
ҶЦһ˴ǰ
˵̾۽ʮλϵĿߣһ㣬Ҷ˿⡣
ôһ֮Ҷףʱ򣬲˶ġ
ҶģЧ̵Ϊķ
һλغڵߣΪһھͿ쭵˿سڡ
ٶȣֱš
£һ߿صسٵöʮ굽ʮ֮䣬ҶüƷ龧Ҳ굽֮䡣
ȴһµʱ䡣
νϽʹкö
ý룬Ҳ֪ҦɭЩЧ̵ĿǵΪ϶йء
Ҷૣ³ɫͬʱһ䣬ǰֵϣҪԸ̣һҪӳ顣
̣Ϊߴ벽ʵȴӵĹ죬Ϊͬǰ벽ĳϽʹȻһлܡ
ģһûô³çҶ˻֣ʾ³뿪⼸죬Ǿ䶼֮ڣûҵĺκж
ǣ

³뿪֮Ҷȴһֶĸо
Ҷ沢ûеõʲôȷеϢôҶõȷеϢֻеȵҹʱǺˡ
ƽգۼʱ䣬ڣȴǷ
Ϊڵľ䣬Ҷ沢ûϵǰڵľѣһ֪ڳʲô̬ȣĿǰƣҶʲôΪǡ
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ʱʱҶ¥ʱʱ֮ڣҶֻηõķѶѡ
ʱչҶʹ
ڴͬʱ¥ƹСȴ̱ڵأ¡
Ϣ֮¥ƹûŰţǾȻ̲飬ҪǴȥҿɾˡ
ǵģ翪ʼҶĻѯʡ
붥¥Ļ³ɷƹĻӲҡԴǰһĻ
ҵĴϢ˼ƹľָС߳Ӽˣλ˽ѹûѹû
ҪȻҪȫұͱû㣡
УǿƷ龧һ֮ڣ֣ܳ
СȴǽԴøСһ㡣

䶼ڱһҶ䶼ķҲ̳׽ӹܣÿնڵͳְ
̻ý֮λֱӽõȨջأת˵һЧĸҦɭԭǨΪøǺӾͳ֮һͳ졣
䶼ǣҹʱǡֵǺͳֵ
ֵãǺӾյһ⡣
߶ԣյѶ飬Ҳû⡣
ǺֻһѶ֮󣬾һڶϸѲһȦ󽻴е䣬ʧããҹɫ֮С
ǺӲ֪ǣ뿪ûãһλŸָ䣬ͷɳһ⡣
θոҰ֣һһŵ겨Ǻӵ͵һ飬ͼȵң
ҵȻ֪㣬ҪȻѾˣҶһŴת
㡭
ϸĴһҶ棬Ǻж¶֮ɫ
컹ûϸ۲죬ŷ֣ҶɢϢȻǿһߵϢ
ǺӰ̾һͷĪǷϸУԶҲ׷Ҷˡ
һǰҶ뿪ʱΪأǺӵΪߴء
һĽ죬ǺӵΪأҶȴѾͻƵΪ˿ߡ
һ뷢ı仯֡λҴѾ֪֪ڲ׷ʲôʣУ»𣿡Ҷֱ⡣
һҶǺӵЩȻܷʲôʣΪɹΣϽʹƽλͲɣȻͻϮ
ؼʱ̣ԭͳԪƴԭ²ϧԱΪȡʱ䣬ý̳
ʹͳ
Ҷ˫ȭ͵߬˫Ŀиɫ
ϧǣ̳ûл̣ԭлߵģΪ˴һߣȴһ̸£
Ҷɫرѿޱȣεɱʱڶ
ͷȴ¶̳֮Сүүԣ̶̳ƺΪں
ûеֻ̳ʹ˾ֶѹ̳ԣ£Ӧûţ
˵Ǻӵȴһ֮ɫǸүүʱûƴѹͷΪ½Ҳ
Ҷİ˰֣޷£֮飡
Ǻȴһڸҧÿ죬ҦɭͷǰбѽЧ̣Ҳ޷Ŀŵڵķϱơ
ͻȻ䣬ҶüͷһϷ
žžžĹʮһϢͬʱҦɭյ
Ǻӣֲ˾϶һֱЧҽһֱڵͼıٰʱһϴˣ
ʱǺӵɫò԰ޱȣ


1153 ʹ
һ˲䣬ǺӲ԰׵ɫͱѪŭһ˵겨ͬʱǺǺ˲ϢһʽĿֲʽת
ǽңӣǺгһַ֮ɫ
ոµĸҦɭ״ȴЦԱһصԱҵһˣЩá
Ĺۿߣڵ߾λǰԱ͸һŲʺûʲô𣡡
Ǻӵ͵س鴤һӣȴûκη˼ֻǳҶֻ߰ܰȡϢʱ䡭
ǺӵĻû˵꣬ͻһһȻޱȷ·һֱĳڣһɲǼ䣬ļڵӲĺ˵
ѾһְԵķʽӲֹԱٶ
㡭
ǺӿҶϵ֣Ƿ·һҶ档
Ҫúÿţ
һҶͿЩҦɭҦûֱ𲻾ã˵ĹȻˣ
ҦɭƤЦⲻЦĹ˹֣һһ㣬٣ǰֻռһֱҲҷӶѡ
ڵܹһչܣ
޳ܣ
Ҷų֡
Ҷ棬Ҳ˵ϻʶģ͹ԹԸȥ˵ˣֻҪԸЧΪͻͽԸĻԵ
˵ţҦɭָָգ֪ģǴϱģ
˵أҶ̾һ
ҦɭԶЦ֮ãǰĻֻй£Чҽ˯˯ˣ
ҪȻҴôʲô֪ǿԸ׼ʮλߣ
˵ţҦɭ͵һֵϣҷɱۣ
ʮλ𡭡
ҶǸһ˿ЦͻȻ䣬Ҧɭߵλһλص߿Ŷ棬¶˾ޱȵ顣
ͬһɲǣҦɭԼҲ¶˼һ顣

һɲǣҦɭ
Ǻӵ۾ɵøͭһ㣬ЩŵĲ˲۾ƺǰһġ
ҦɭʮλУҦɭԵλڵ֮⣬ˣȻͬһɲǱĴŵ׵СݸϮˣϢı廨
֦ͨͨҶʱüޱȣȻǷĵһǵҪѨֱӷסǵΪ
Ҧɭλڣ˲Ϣͱܡ
λڵߣʱȻûбܣҲǱޱȣͬһĳиڷɿĲƵϵĲ֦ѹûʱḱҦɭĺȡ
λصǻϵĹʱðŨŨĻ棬ɿķŲ֦
Щ֦Ȼͣ棬ʱͷɿĻ˻ҽ
ɾλΪҪʱһֻ޴Ļצͷ£ֱӽԴĵķ顣
ߵľּոԴҲСèĳϡ
ҦɭһĻȴǽ۾ֱˣ˺ȡ
Ǻӣֱɵˡ
ͣĿܵİλߺ͸ոձɵλڵߣȻٿҶ棬ȻĨһ۾һš
ƺǰʮһӳֵɱɱܵܣҶһָͷûɣ
һˣǺӿҶĿǿһ㡣
˸ָסҦɭĲҶʱɢȥҦɭҪѨ֦Ҳʹ˳ҦɭϾͻָж
ָжɲǣҦɭʶҪӡ
ǻûתԴһʹ˾ǰԵ
ʱҦɭѾҶָϰһʩŲӡͲ
ҼµҸһʹ죡Ҷ˵
Ҧɭ־ɲǣȴǱޱȵļ㣬Ҷ棬Ӧ֪Ȱ㻹ǹԹԵķңȻȥ
ǣ
ҶĴָһͲĸӷɳһָֻСĻڵϾҦɭһ죬ҧҦɭĴڲ࣡
໵һɤӣҦɭǷ跢һľ͵طͷĸָҪץͷץһѪ·Ѫֱ
Ϣ֮ҦɭʹѾ޷ˣҶס֫Ѿʺ۶ˡ
ҶūʯŪĴ涾ϣҧһڣʹ࣬ǿ¶޷ܡ
ʯͿϣ˿˰ʹߵ졣
ҦɭΨһ𣬾ҧĴˡ
һ֮˷·ˮ̳ҦɭŽ˹
Ǹ֪ģҶٴξװϵͲ
һɲǣҦɭûĵͷ
£ڻûУǻţҶʵ

֮Ҷ涸һĳҦɭԴץҦɭꡣ
ʱҦɭ;ֵ˻ʲôҶ棿㡭㲻ɱңɱңԻᡭ
ɱ㣿
ҶЦɱǷǱ㣬֮ǰôҲ㳢ѻ֮࣡
ѻꣿ
ҦɭļѾҶһС͵ػ磬һ˿һȥл³󷨴ʦ£֮ģҶǲٵġ
㣬㲻ܡȻţҶɫѾָ͸Ҧɭ
Ҷ棬㲻ǴӦһʹ𣿲Ҫѻ꣬һʹ졭һѻ֮ңҦɭֹסĻ
ʹ죬Ҫʹ죿
Ҷ鶸رޱȣֱߣѻѾʹˣ
ŭУҦɭͷʶļС
һԵǺӣȴǿĲ
ϵĿ֮£Ҧɭʲô˵ˣҶ֪ģҦɭ˵ˡ
ǣҶȴҾš
ҪҦɭһ̫ƻ޳ܣһ׼ͣΪʲô
Ȼǿ֮µйҶҲҾš
ǰѻ֮١
ȻҪľǴǰҶ˵ģҦɭͽѻѾʹˡ
֮Ҧɭ곹׵ıҶ棬ҲõҪĶ
ҦɭйĶģûѡ
ҦɭҶѾȷһ顣
ǾǼǧ»š
ţһ̳֮С
Σʱ̣ǧ۴ŷ¶̻̳֮С
̳չֻһƷѣ£Էѵʱ䣬λսȺİ벽ǿߣͿԻ̳
Ҧɭԣǧȴ̳Աڣһࡣ
һ֮Уǧδ߶̳룬ÿȴѹ
ţֻҪԸ⣬ɵĻ̳ɵǧۡ
һˣȴûС
ҦɭԣϽ̣ƺǳĿ̳Ʒ


1154 Ʒ
ƲУҶ温ҹɫµ䶼Щ롣
ҦɭĿڹѻ֮Ľ֮Ҷ֪˼ǧ۸Ŀǰ״
ͬʱҲ֪һ顣
ҦɭΪ֮ڽһʱھʹͻƵ˿أҪԴɾλϽʹʹ͵ĵҩ
Ҧɭ֮ԵһЧ̣Ҳйء
Ϊ½ϡĴؿ̾Ȼ͸Ҧɭ
̵Ŀⰵʾ֮£ҦɭڽΪͻƵ֮󣬵һЧ̣˵»⼸λ¼Ŀߡ
ֵһ˵ǣνЧңڣͷЧҾͿԵġ
ҪЧĳˣһǿͷЧң˾ǷԣЧҵΨһ׼ǰڵطһꡣ
ֻҪ̵УֻҪԸ⣬ʱԻ
˵͸ūࡣ
һĽһ꣬һҶǵ½ƣǧ
̵ַӵļֱӡ
ԣνЧңΪū
Ҧɭ֮¶Чң̵йء
̰ʾϽĺү·ÿһķضһС
ңµرµ䶼ôһƶޱȵСɽ塣
ر
ֻҪЧңԺתЧҵˣ̵
ֻҪһģ
ԣʮ֮ڣܹҦɭΪ۷壬һתͻ׾֮¡
£һߣ˵Ƕʮ꣬Ƕ꣬Ҳ޷Ϊ۷塣
ԣȻΪūҦɭѡЧҡ
Ч֮ҦɭͳͷʹһΪĵҩ̵Ϊ֮ڣӿһسڿ쭵˿ڡ
һ㣬ǾǿغڵΪ
Ҧɭϲ£ɵʮĿޡ
̵ŵȹعϽ磬ƵΪĵҩֻܶ࣬ҪҦɭģЩ⡣
ҶƵǣҦɭĴָڣûֽ
ҪҵõΪãҲҦɭӽذɣ
ҶͷޱȵҹգҹУǳҫ
ҶĿ⣬ȴ봩͸ǳҫҹգֱ͸νϽ֮С
νϽ磬ƺá
һ֮䣬ԭҶԺֻиεļƻȴӵ
ҶҪȽĻ룬ûǶѰһЩ֣гɹĿܣҪȻҶߣǺӹſڡ
֡
Ҷüͷһû
ҹˣҶ䶼ҹдŷ磬ʵڵϢȰֵϢ
ҶһõۺϢ̺ǿ
ȻΪֻа벽սȴǿı̬һǿߣҪǿһЩ
ҪȻҲ޷һл̵ܳϽʹأ
ζҶȱǶǿߣҲôֿܡ
ǾˣսǿߵĴڣҶûжٰˡ
ԣҰ֡
ڣҶڵϢ
һĨǰףһɫķ⣬ҶڵƲ֮С
Ѷֻ֣棿
ƭ˭Ҳƭ˼ңҶسһѶ
ʱ֮󣬵ҶٴյһѶʱʱͱ
Ҫ־ˣүүԶ㣬ˣҶǺ˵
ڣ
ǺЩԾѾˣΪʲôȵٶ֣
ãҦɭĿǰεĹһ첻ᵼʲôҶ
Ǻӵʱͳ˼֣ѾҶ˼
ȥˣ
һҶһֱ䶼⣬˲Ϣʧ
˵ˣҶֵͨġ
Ǽǧ۱ڼ֮УҶԿ֪ľˣѹ̳Щ鷳ˡ
Ҳ鷳ȥ
ʱ֮Ҷʹӵص״䶼Ǳ뵽̳
̳ĵҶǳϤҶǣСѰһȦҶ澹Ȼûҵѹ̳
Ҷܿҳԭ
һطûȥѰңǾ̵ڲ
ûȥطҪҶطżּɵ־ﲻܡ
꣬Ҷβΰʱ쳣·һӣ쳣ҶɵĪ
Ȼ
̵ڣ̳ɢ⣬Ѿʮֵ
̳Ϸһɢžѹĳɫ죬ҶԿ϶ֻҪ̳κ춯ʱᾪɫ졣
Ʒ
΢΢Ӧһ£Ҷʹһ
һΣҶǵһ½ϼƷ
ƷǿĴˡ
ͨ£ƷǿƷԿҲʮԡ
ŵ˵ƾƷ̾ǿߣҲɵŶԡ
ֻΣȴҶӾˣƷˣΪʲôҪͼı̳ôһƷ
ǰλҶ滳ǰڵҲڴ̳⡣
ѵ̳ʲô֮
ʱҶɭϵڣҪֱӽ̳ȴЩ鷳
ΪҶĸӦУʱķڣصĿߣаλ
˸ĿƵ̳
̣Ʒѹ̳ⰲ˶̳Էκ춯
Ƿǳ̳
룬ǲܣ
ǣǶ߶ԣ̳̳ӵиʹλõҶԣȴʲô¡
Сڵص׿̳ɢͬʱҶʱ͸Ӧ̳ڶǸ̳λã
ڴͬʱ̳ھŲڣĪģ̳ʼɢ⡣
һɲǣ̳һҶΣͳ̳ھŲ֮ڡ
̳һɲǣĺ󷽣Ӣɵ̣͵۾


1155 
ҦɭûҶȴˣʮ߹ȥȴȫûҦɭǷﰡ
ҲҸڴѡȷ溷ţ
ÿһٶ̻ڱѹ̳УȴƵ֡
Ȼܹڲκ˵ϢĽ̳֮ڣҶͣȱеĻҪǿ
Ҫڰλߵע½̳ҪһЩͨʵ֡
ñ²£Ӱֻݣǻͨ
ϧĳЩͨҲӲģ̳Ǹʽ⣬̳ʹͣˡ
У̤ڣվ˫ĿŹĶűĳµ̳
ģ·ڿʲô˲õİ֮һ㡣
˭
£ȿȿȡ
Ҷոս̳ھ̳ɲǣ߾ʹϱߵ߳תͷɲǣͿޱȵķˣȻǱͻȻֵҶˡ
Եģ±ǧ۸סˡ
˵һ仰ǧ۾;ҵĿ
ͻأֵҶ棬ˮ˲ڷµۿڣһɲǣ¾;ʧɫḧ˾ҿԵļǧ۵ı
Ҷôһ˿Ӧ˵𾪡
»˵ǰļǧۣǸĲĽǧ
ǰļǧۣ͸һһ㣬ѾȫΡ
ҿԵʱҶܹǧ۵߹ھҵ·һɲǾҪοȳһ㡣
·¸ᣬҲ᲻˼ǧһ˿һʹࡣ
״Ҷ漱æǰ˫ϵɲǣľӿ˼ǧ۵ڡ
һӿ룬Ҷɫٴһ䣬ǧ۵ƣлҪ
϶һ˿ɫĻ棬ɫĻÿʱÿ̶ڷżǧ۵
ǧеڶԿŲȥɫҲǼǧҲǻҪȻҶƼǧͱɻˡ
˵ǣҶǾľӿǧ۵ڣȻɫĻյ죬ѹ޷ˡ
̼ǧۿԵȴǸӵˡ
˼һ£ҶǧιһŵˮlĶõת
ڰˣ赤ҩ֮סҶȵ
ҵĿУǧ۵˵ͷ
Ҷͽڵĵͽ˼ǧڣͼԻƻԵɫ
ҶԾǣɫǰĵ𲻽ûзյɫһɫյ졣
Ҷһ
Ϣ֮Ҷ˫Ŀж֮ɫ𣬾ȻƷ𡣡
ƷʣҶĵҪףô𱻷Ҳ֮ˡ
Ҳǲдڼǧڵ٣ҪȻǧ绯ɻˡ
ƷҶʱ͸ıúˮ뷨
ҵڳȡ棬㲻Ҫ
ǧ۵ͷ֮ʣۿɼɫӿ˼ǧڣͬʱ޳רռطת
һɲǣ·˿һ㣬һӼǧ۵ڳȡȻҶطͽԼ֮С
ǴϹŵ޳𾭵һţֻҪӵһ棬޳𾭾ͿԽĻӣӶ޳Ļס
Դ޳֮ҶһֱȵǿĻ档
һŵϽʹֳףƷӦƷңһǺռ츽׻
پǰ
ֻ棬ÿһֶҶףһֱûеõ
ȴżȻõһ
ϧǣҶӣƾһ𻹲
ʵҶƵҲһ֣汾ҲֻƷˣֻΪƵļӳ֣ܱƷ
̾ѾõҶߣǧʱһʱ͹һС硣
ڴѳǧѹҲڳԷſԪ
ǧ۵ɫۿɼٶȻָ
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ҪҪҸ嵥׼֮͵УҶЦ
ԣǧ۸ӵľϲô˵һȥջˣ
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ǧ۳̾һµӵҶ뿪ߣ
밡Ҷǲƾ뿪ģʵѾָ߰˰ˣҶͬʱ֣Ȼһ롭
ǧ۵ļ֣ƺҶʶʲô͵תˮһɢ
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һôҵģ
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1156 ū
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·𳾰һĳɫ⻪Ͼͽ̳°һϢ̳
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ͻأֵҶ棬ûκζ۴Ҷ棬޼ɵҶɨɨȥûһᣬĵͷ
еĻҪᣬҪ
ٽôս֮󣬾ԻΪһϸȷ溷
ս𣿡Ҷʵ
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ɲǼ䣬һģһҶȥ
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ȻҶǿٴμİ֮ġ
Ҷ棬һλᣬ򱾺Чң㻹ü̺ȵ
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Ч̣ɫѾޱȡ
òģǾͻɣŭ߳һ̶س֮ݶʱͻ˻ҽ
ڸôĶʱ;̡
һɲǣ߰ʮߵϢʹ̵˷ڿն𣬾ֵظֵصĶʮߣѾŭ߳ΧҶ档
ɲǼ䣬ҶذΧ


1157 С
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ӥƷشҶ汳ųһɲǣҶʱͻһӰǰΧĿ߳ȥ
ӥƷ֮£ҶĶ̾ƶٶȣʱֱǿߵٶȡ
ٶȣǰһȺΧĿ߶ԣ̫ˣ
쵽޷ۿ壬ֻӦ֮УҶǳ˹
ǷӦҶ˴ײһλߵĻ
ײȥһɲǣҶʱͲһ㱡ɫ⡣
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Ҷ滹׾ʱ򣬻׾Ѿɫٻ¼׿ʼٵıɺڻҡ
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ʱͣ
аΧĿɫұ䡣
ģЩΧĿѾΧӣԱʱٶ˷Ӵܡ

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̶ϢʱڣҶķʽɵʮһߣɲǼƴ䡣
ǣҶȴûзŹЩߵ˼Ʒ𶯣ÿһ𶯣Ҷ涼ɵһߡ
ҪЩ߸ɱƵҪȻһҶսʱһһ֣ܶҶ֮֡
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ڽͨ״̬µҶ棬Σգһֱֽĸо
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1158 ̵ľ
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ıȴһ֪ôĴ
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깥


1159 ش
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һ깥ֵɲǣ̾һֱӿҶ档
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ԼѪҰ壬ųױƷף̶طһѪİ
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ޱȵش̵
ǼȻðôķգҶôܷŹ᣿
ıնɲǣ鱦׹ѾҶͷ
¡¡
߰׹ⶸغ˿ڴ
ɢ룬ʱ̲סĲ
ҶľֵǣѪģһأߺĽڵͬʱȻ
˲ϢԶֹѪʼѿ
ͬһɲǣһҲ·ӦܵΣգʢ֮ʣһֱѹ̳һĳ
һĻҶ߶׹̵ͬʱָǳͿϣ
һԵƷжǿҶˡ
£ƾҶĿǰֻҪȫ߶£վҶҲǺ䲻Ƶġ
ţҶıһƵ̵Ʒס
ǽתҶףת֮ʣҶڡ
Ҷڴ֮ǰ
ԣҶֹת
ǰĲãҲڴʱˡ
ĪĲһ£һö˶ޱȵɭӡƾճ֣ݺݵİ˼ɹĳϱߡ
ƾճֵӡģöޱȵĵơ
ҶԼϣһ֣ͶǿɱС
䣡
ɫĹη·ǹһɢ
˶ޱȵɭӡǳˮһ㣬һһÿ֮һ˶ɭӡͻ
Ǵʱ˿Ƶĳ죬ȴ޸֮ˮ
ɭӡ֮£ʱͱ޹⣬ֱӱɭӡС
ͬһɲǣ̣ͣһ֮ʣѪ磬ոմϣĿԹޱȡ
챻ش˵Ҳܵ˷ɣ
Ҷʱȴһ𾪵Ŀⶢǰ̡
̶ϢĹҶ߶׹飬ٺʮߺ䡣
ÿһѪģ˿ڴÿһȥ׵֮޷
£̵Ȼ۳һɫĻ⡣
Ҷߺ˺𲽵ļ
Ҫ֪Ҷʱ̵Ĺɽߺ䡣
ÿһϢ֮䣬Ҷ滹ͨĻ̵̺鸮
ÿһạ̵̊́鸮ܵҵ𶯣ò۴Ͼˡ
ҪȻ˵ˣҶƣ̵һ깥ܹϣҶʧȥʱ
ϣ
Ҷٴθߺһ
ϽļһȻǿĿȴǶҶ棬СӣҿԼǰҵŵòҪۿۣ
δ䣬һ˶ɭɫɭӡֱСһס޷̡
ϵɭײһ𣬷͵ıȻռž޴ơ
ǣʱ̣ҶΧ֮¡
ңϴʱ̵ѹƣҶѹһᣬʱϬ
׹ĺƵʸ죬Ҷ˫Ŀ֮ⷺһưɫɫ£ֱӺ̵š
⣡
ɲǼ䣬̵ͫ׶һУһθ˾֮ɫ


1160 սƷ
ӲİһҶ⣬Ȼǿ󣬲ûܵش
ǣһȴ̸ˡ
ֱ䴩ǰһֱһ㣬ܺ䵽ˡ
ΪǰȻһ㡣
ҪǣҶһ֮£ֱӱĵ˽ӽɣ
ӽɵ
仰˵ֻҪٺôΣܹ䵽ˡ
ʱֻҪԵش֮꣬ˡ
½ôã̵һθܵв־壡
˲Ϣ䣬̾ˣ
ݣﲻһֳ裬ûκμֵ
䣬̾˾
ɲǼ䣬̵ʱһ
СģҪӣ
ڽͨ״̬µҶ棬ʱ͸Ӧ쳣ڶ̵һͬʱ
ĵߺ̵˿ڴ
ʱϵ£̵ڷٵĶ񻯼ţҶߺ֮£̵Ұ壬Ѿ̼
ߣϷɭ֮£ӣǡ
ŵûϵɭס̵ڼ̵ʱڣ˸˼¡
ÿһ˸̵СһȦ
˸֮ǰ˴Сߴ׵ʱѾСȭͷС
Сٶȼ죬Ȼϵɭٸ̵ϵĿơ
ҶϷӦһ˾ƾʧ
¡¡
̵ƾʧԭ̵ߺ˿գֱϣֱӽϺһġ
϶Ҷһۣͱ۾
ͬһɲǣҶҲ۾ˮɢɲǣһҲɿĸ޴ڵˮ֮ϣ˷ɢ
Ϣ֮۾
ûһ˿ۼԲʮ֮ڣһûһ˿һĺۼԲʮգҲûκβ
һֱƾʧ֮ͨͨϺȵ
ʮϢ֮Ҷ滺۾ЩҡҡͷҲûҵ٣˵ƾʧһ㡣
ûһ˿һĺۼ
ʵϣҶʮϢ֮ڣˮ֮Ϸų˽
Ҷ֮û˵ľ룬ǲǰ¶Լܡ
ǣڵԪȷʵûκ쳣ϵĸҲûκοռ䲨
̣ƾʧ
ʵϣϽгֵͨʱҶѾ뵽ȷ¡
յĻ˧Уƾ뿪ӦһΪմŲƵͨǿ߿Կͨ˲Ϣ
ͬʱ̷Ž˲ϢСȭͷСҲһǿͨ
ͨĶ࣬սиģ֣Ҷ޷жˡ
УһΪϷƣ¶أߣһء
أҶһ
ûΪƺȷʵ˰벽ж÷棬ҵ߲ӵеġ
ȻϷûصĴڣƲ⣬ҲƲţ
صǿߣһˣȴһĸ󻼡
˵ҶһУǱ̵ʱҵȻɱҪȻ
ңϳҶ淭˸İֲۣˣΪЩһܹҵټ
ʲôҶʵ
һȡ̵Ʒ죬ǸһӡϷطֻ֮Ҫһ߶ϷܹӦĴ·λ
ҶϲϣҪ죿
ӡǿˣʮ죬£˵
˵꣬ϵĿȴСè̷űҶնһСϵöָۣ⶯һ
״Ҷ΢΢һЦϣսƷһһ
ܲϷȿǴָû˵꣬ϵһ졣
˵ʵһǿߵĴָκһߣջ
ϣǵĺǼ¿ʼԣǺ飡ȴȿҶ˵
Ͽеĳ죬ֿҶеĴָ˵ʵһ᲻á
ҶȴҪ˰Ϊ֮ѰҵĴ𰸡
ֻܺ
ͻȻ䣬ϵĿһⴢָģӦһöƷ䡣Ʒ󣬵һλءȫƷĴʹһöƷ䣬ЩԾˣ
ʮа˾ţöƷ֮ӵеģ˵Ͼ˾ˣһѡɡ
ƷƷԻ½֪ûеڶ
ˣҶСӣϷҪٴȷڷѶԵǸ뿪½ϹŲİɣʵ
ҶգգۣҲ̫˰ɣ飬ſڴƻƣ׼Ҫ뿪֮ʱɲһˣ˵ġ
Ͼƾһ˵Ǹɲߵ츽׻ģ
һ㣬Ϸ򲻻ģ˵ţһеĳ죬Ϸط⡣
ҪɵǸģϷܻܲ뿪һ죬˵׼
ûҶ붯ϳֵĴۣǽǴռؾϹŲĴڸϡ
һǰҶλ߶ȻǰڵϽӴΣҴ̳֮
ƶϳһЩ顣
ϱѰʲôΪע̳ԭҶ˺֣ܶ࣬ĵطܹͨϽ硣
ֹֻͨΪļǧ۲ܴ߶
Ӧþһֱ̳̽ܣȴһֱûǿ̳ԭ
ۺЩٽǿֲΪҶƶϣǰϣܿ˸ʥһ֡
Ϊ޷ӦΪһֱ޷ͻԭ̤
һֱҽķ
Ҷ汾ϲڣû뵽ϵˡ
һ֮ͨϾʹӦҶ
ǣֺȴǰġ
Ϊڴ֮ǰϾͰжι۲̵ʵóĽǷǳĿֲ
Կ£ɡ
ԣϵǣԳ֣ǰǣҶǣס̻ش֮Ż֡
ҲҶ֮ǰĿս
Ҷû뵽ǣȻ£ܹӳ졣
ҶͷһӰ
˭һֲĴڳϡϣǶˡ
̵ĴָҶӭ˸ոմ̳ڳĽǧۡ
ȻҶ˿ޱеƿ̵ĴָߵʲôöҲʱ
ĿǰҶ滹ðǧʰһǰ̯˵
ңǿĴָɲܴ򿪵ġ


1161 õ
ߣ׶⣬һŲ
ŵɱҶ䶼ʱЩΪ̰Ӷսľһ
ҲиߣɫȴǸӵɷס
ҦɭһΪ̿·ƹĸ£Ҷɲǣͷһ䶼ȥ
º֮У׶֮һ
¸ոתӵɲǣǰͳһ˶ޱȵĻͷ²û׹䡣
·µʱ͸ֳһ˿Ȼ
ˢһӥƷӶҶ棬ͳµǰ︱αء
Ҷ˼ºףҶαҪѽҪ˱ƹأ
Ĭ˺һᣬ²ų̾ֺ࣬
ϷֻסÿһɱĻᣡ
ϧܿܣԣǳˣҲǳūܣҶ˵
µ촽£û˵ʲôֻһƬȻ
Ҷ沢ûɱ£ֻǽµΪȻ󽻸˽ǧۡ
󣬼ǧۻҪͽġ
ܿģһֱڰĻ³ɷҲԿݳ֣ʼȫЭǧȶơ
Ҷ棬һ˶һ㣬䶼Ͽգһвء
ǰҶ̵һս䶼
֮£ҶͿʼƽ̴ָڵӡ
ҶĸӦУ̵ָӡȷʵǳǿ󣬱Ҷǿ¥¥ɽӡҪǿʮ
ƿ
ǣɫɲǸǵģһβɾΣ̴ָ֮еӡȻɢҶ̽˽ȥ
ۣ
ͬʱԶ֮ڲֻӴ̣̲ܵסĳ鴤һ£ԴҺһһڼźѪѪ
ܳ
ôһ˺Ĵ½ĲȱС磬ôܻ˱̬ĹһĴڣ׾ٵľƵҵӡ
ɫⰡϸֵܳɫ⣬ȻˣѵСϾЩĴ½ѾϾԶѪ𣿡
Ͼ˵ԶѪ𣿡
һˣɫ԰ޱȵ϶ظһ˿̬̺죬ܹõСϾѵѾϾԶѪôҡ
һ뵽ܣʱ˷˷ܵԼĿǰǣոս٤ƣ˿ڴʱѪ硣
ظ⻪һһöҩУ̷ȥɲǣʱָ
ȴµĿ˿յұ۴ҿҿʱΪռ䲻ȶƣеıŵʦԴΪڿٵСڣҪȻⴢָʧһعˡ

ͬһɲǣ䶼Ͽոոմ̴ָҶ棬ȴ¶һ˿ʧ
Ϊ̵ĴָڴеƷѹ̵ʵݡ
Ҷնɱǿȣֱ͸ؤࡣ
ϵжûд
̵ϣ϶ռ䣬ⴢָֻʱŵһѡ
Ʒ龧ʮ鼫Ʒ龧Ӧ̾νһջ
֮⣬жʮЩĵر½ЩϡҲĵرкüֵߣȴĴ
ҶЩŹ֣Ҷܿ˴ָڽеƿҩ֮ϡ
һƿȻ½Ĵؿʣ¾ſš
һƿҩҶȴδڴؿҲ٣ֻ߿ţ
ҿҩƿ˱Ƕҩ̺Ҷһ
⵽ʲôҩ
ؿٿƿʶĵҩҶһ˫жŵ⡣
죬һλù̸ĽߣǰңҶ漱æĿǰǧ۰̵Ǻӷһ⼲Ѷ
Ҧɭԣֻ֮̽ʹ͹ֵҩһǴؿһܹΪĽ
ǰҶ̵ĴָֻҵҩƿһװǴؿôҶ߶ȻɺпܾǿԴΪĽ
ܿģǺүүҲ̫ϴ˾˫˫
̱ƹλ֮Ϊ˾ȶ̣˾һö˾ΪҲ˴ӿس˿ڡ
ǺӴүүԭ
ҶȷʵϷùĽһ֮˾˿϶Ĵ𰸡
ҶȻǴϲҶǰûŪǽû뵽ջ
ˣ곤ϣʲôɣȻϲҶ滹ǿʵ
ϷҲǲ̸֪Ϸҩʱ򣬽һ˽ܾ޴󣬷ʱ򲻿ܵš
ͬʱ˵ҩЧ⣬ÿֻеһη֮ʱЧ
⣬Ч˶죬ΪԽǿߣЧԽãԷõҩʱ㣡˾˵
ΪԽǿЧԽã
û
˾˵ͷڷõļˣҲȷʵˣΪһأ֮󣬶һصΪ
ƽΪǿߣȸһ㣡
Ҷͷһ뷨ˣɫǿʱЧΣ
Ϊܹ٣
̫ϴ˾֮Ҷٴδ̵Ĵָе
һ½ǳĴѶõϷһ֣Щˡ
һҶδξ壬СԼƷ龧뼫Ʒ龧֮䣬ӦȥɢϢȴҪȼƷ龧Ҫǿ
ѵǸνϽڵıȼƷ龧߼龧ҶƲ
ϧǣָڣֹξĿ٣ֻʮѡ
ȻҶҲóȻĳԡ
֪ξ̺жǿ
Ϊﵽһĳ̶ȣ޷ʹøߵȼ龧ġ
龳Ʒ龧ֻһߺҶĿǰҲóȻԡ
ҶһʱҪȥݷλʥΪԶŴƾõĴڣʱλڿ
ǧ۵ӹɵģһʱ䣬ͳ׵ƽϢ̵ңʱڣǧ۾ͨƵĵ̳׵ȶ
ǽ·̵Ҷµĳǵһ롣
ΪҶԭ̲ûжҶĳǣԾĿǰԣǵǼǧεѡ
𲽰ҶҲϾץýʵ
ͬʱҶҲеƿҩķȥ
Ͼĵҩûõģ˷ܷӳӦе


1162 Ϊ
ſŴؿ߿ŽоſŴؿҶһű֮⣬ʣµİ˿ţΪݡ
߿ŽҲһҶһ֮⣬ţҲǷΪݣÿš
һݴؿҶͨСŲ͸˺ڡ
ʵãһֱǣҶͷ
öؿٿԸλߣöȴܸڶʱͳλɿһսĸ
ηɰ׵Ϊ֮ΪҲңһ㣬ֱܹͻƵء
ηɰ׵սϿصΪϿ۷ߣӦҲӦԡ
ֵһ˵ǣĳ̶ֳ϶ԣηɰΪ̤뿪֮ҪҶõĶࡣ
ڴӺѰҶ䣬ηɰйһǴڼ̵ʱڿΪڼ̵ʱ˿ء
֮£ҶΪ̤뿪֮󣬾ˡ
ηɰ֮⣬Ź澭ҲһŽ澭ĿǰһڵΪҩ֮ΪпܻͻƵء
ʱƾҶµǼŹ澭սͲǰһˡ
һŽͿŹ澭İˡ
֮⣬Ҷ׼һݻ꺣Ĵҩηɰת͸ܡ
һλȥִ̫٣ûܼһ棬ҶΪź
һݸڣһȻǽ˼ǧۡ
һ¡ǺӶܽŴؿ֮ͻƵǧ۵ΪҲΪȵ
䶼װҶ潫״ָ̬۷֮ҶڿʼǿŽ
ҩڼҩʱת˱ӿľֱҶĵ
һһֱ鸮ҩ
ÿһҩ鸮ܷҶ鸮ܵΪ֮һڣһޱȵĸоҶͷ֡
ΪҶĸӦУ鸮ΧҩĴ߻²ı仯
ˮһ㣬ÿһҩҶ£ھŵҩҶ鸮ʱҶ鸮Χļڵɫ⣬ͬһɲǱ
ʱҶʱͲʵɫ⡣
ЩƳķŵɫ⣬ҩĴ߶£ȻҶƵһּµķʽתš
ÿתһ֣Ҷܲɫͻǿһ֡
˷ԪһʽķʽҶڡ
Ҷɫ⣬ҩĴ߶£ɿתţÿһתҶоɫڵ̺ͻᱻѹեһ֡
ͬʱȡԪٶȾͻһݡ
ڳɢҩ·һĪĴ߻һ㣬ҶԪʵٶȼǿ˰ٱֹ
ҶΪۿɼٶȿ
ǣҩĳתҶȡԪٶȻڲϵļӿ졣
һԳշԲڵԪ˷ԪɿĲʱҶٴγյԪΧȴһһʮף
һٶʮף
һʮף

ף
ף

ף

ԪΧͬʱҶΪҲһ־˵ٶȷ
һڣ
һغڣ
һ۷壡
أ
ڣ
غڣ
أ
ҶΪͻƵ֮ҶһһɲǼյԪķΧѾﵽ˿ֲǧң
˷ԪһűյĲ
ȥӴ˿̿ʼ䶼ڣκ˶ö
һߣȫԼ߻Ʒ龧ԲԺԪŨȣ
Ĵ߻ĵ龧Ŀ֧
һ̽ǧۣͻȻ´ôһǿ
һ֮󣬸ԭüԪٵıŨ
ò˵ǧۻǼмʶġ
ҶֳʽӶԪȥΧڲͣţһӶᵽԪȴû̫ȵӡ
ûһطԪ֮ΪѹԵʣ˷ԪɿĲ
ǣһطԪĳһʱ֮󣬾˷ԪᲹԪŨҲԽԽͣԽԽ͡
ϾԪŨȵĳ׻ָҲҪһʱġ
ʱԽԪŨԽ͡
ǧǷ´˼˷龧
ǣҩΪҶ棬ȴ֪һС
ҶֻǾģÿһϢȡԪȴԽԽ٣ΪٶȴԽԽ
ҩȴѾʼ˥ҩ״߶·˼Ѫһȴڲͣļš
ĪģҶ浤΢΢һһɲǼڵԪȻ˲Ϣ䷭ࡣ
ңһɲǣЧڳ
Ҷ汾ܵľģҩڳõԭҲû룬ץʱ
Ϊٴοʼ
ڣ
غڣ
۷壡
أ
ڣ
غڣ
أ
ҶΪͻƵ֮󻹲ʱǿŽһ˿ҩͽҶ鸮֮ҶԭǴ˼Ѫһʼɿɢ
ڲʮϢʱڣҶۻޱȵɫʧһһɶ
Դ·鴤Խӷ·һľʹҶһʹ˻˹ȥ
ڻһɲǣҶͨһֱеСè˫ۣȴһĻ澰
Ǳ޵ԺķԲǧ֮ڣ̵ߡ
ÿһߵϣԾ棬һһŷٻƷ龧
ڸʲô
ҶԺһͷ

Ҷû°ɣΪʲô˻ԺľڣһݵչҶ棬ǧۡ˾³㡢ȴһࡣ
Ҷҹ֮󣬾һֱԵڣüǧ۵תַԹˣǲѡ
˵ҶµĹϵδʱҶԲѣǶԸո̣һشĴ
ţСӾȻˣô£
һϵͻأĴӾ𣬺ɫһ䡣
һ󲨶ϵƾճ֡
ϣһľȴϣĿصϡ
¸ֱͦͦߵǰ£ϳ֣ҶһΡ
һûȥִҪ¹ͻ̾һѾͷôˣǸƢһû䰡
ţ
̾ϢüǧۿϵЩţ¿ϵ飬ȴ˼־ϲ
ǡ
үү
һĨϹ⻪ɢȥѾǸ׷ͯյİڣֻǴʱȴ˼֮ơ
㡭
˾ͬʱһסƣͲ̽Ҷ
߷磬ݽߣӰ쵽꣡лָȹĵҩɻָ
ߣٻ˯ʮ£Ҳлָڵ


1163 һҪ
Ҷڰ֮̽ĵѹģԭأǼǧ۸ҶŪһΪƵĹ̻굤
֮ҶȫɳݵʹУоﴦ״һȦһ㡣
ӦҶΪڼ̵ʱڴӿһؿ쭵صĺˡ
£Ҷ潫ΪأҪʮҡ
ʮ·ȴڼ֮ˣ״Ź֡
ϸһ飬Ҷ淢֣Ϊ֮⣬ڸ޴ˡ
鸮鸮ڵɫ⣬ֱ˿һ㡣
˽֮ҶѾ֪ˡ
ҩһֱΪ辶
ҩ߷ңҩõļΪƺҩԪ󷨡
£νΪԽЧԽõ˵ˡ
Ҷ֮ԻԣҪҶΪ̫ǿˣǱϾͱɫǿɫ⡣
ҩĴ̼£ǳľˡ
ǽԾһ㣬ҩǹߡ
ԽߣʱˤԽҡ
һ߶ԣʮװ׵ģзɣҲڳܵķΧ֮ڡ
ǻҶɫ⣬һǰףˤβŹ֡
ӦþҶԵԭˡ
ҶĿϧģȴҶ͹ҩЧѡĵط
Ҷһ֪߼ʶܣ;ԲѡԺõҩ
ǻȥɹɽļƷƷ
ܽҩЧ󻯡
ҶƣȥɹɽƷΪ޷ͻƵأҲ̫Զ
ҿǧ۷Ӧļʱٵ̵龧˹ԪŨȡ
ĻҶΪǾ޷ͻƵصġ
ȻҲǼ޴ġ
һʱڣ̵˽ڿƷ龧൱ڰ˰Ʒ龧
ģѾӽҶĿǰƸ֮һˡ
ֵ
£Ҷ˵ǻ˰Ʒ龧ǻǧƷ龧ҲܹʮڽΪء
ѹ֮㻨ʱ䣬ҶŽָ۷״̬
һ£ϵѾݵġϡҲǰڡ
ʱ⽻ġ
ȻҶҲװ⡣
ԣڵĵһʱ䣬ҶͼæʵϣôûиӦ̵Ϣ
Ŀǰ׷ɱǵһҪ
ûУ
ڻҡҡͷǳϷѾطϣɸӦ̵κϢֻһܣ
ʲôܣҶʵ
ʲôط󷨣׵ķԼϢʱ״̬ᣬʮа˾ӦǱĳˣΪ¶ʲôڱϢı˵
ԣҶüͷһ壬ô˵˺ûָ֮ǰ޷׷ɱˣ
û
ڵأ׷ɱ˺֮Ǻп̵Ϯɱ
һ뵽Ǿ˵սҶͲ
̵ǼƷױˣϷУֻǷԵĻ
Ϸ߶ȻɣӦûһǿĹԻ
ң콻ս̷ǳ˴Ŀ
깥֮±ȫעּǺ鱦׹֮ϣûϵ㾹ȻֲɱУʧ֮£ƣ
죬ʵսɶûзӳ
ǣƻָ֮ʣǽһֲµĴڣ˵
ҶЩɬ
˵ȫû̻ռ˼
ҶӦ̷깥겨ǳİǿ̵ޱȵţֱŵļ㡣
Ҷ浱ʱͷͻһ;Ǹûᡣ
ûαװɱ깥ɱģȡ˷һĻᡣ
ʯ䣬Ҷǿл鲢ı
ΪʱҶ淢֣еֶУܹش̵ģҲֻˡ
ҶıɹˣȻĴÿҪṩʮ鼫Ʒ龧鲹ĵı
£ûɱ̡
̾Ӧԣ
жʱ䣿Ҷɬ
˵׼Ϸǵȳ̶ȵˣ˵꽫Ͻ磬ӵеԴǲһ
Ϸƣң࣬Ҳһͷ
˵ڳ̾һһʱ䣬ʵСҲ޲ԣֻܴ׼ˡ
Ϸ׼ŪһЩı׼һıԸˣҲһķһ׼ԽԽá
ϷɲϣһЩϣˣ
˵꣬ڵξƾʧˡ
Ҷȴ˼
ڷĻȷҲȫȷٲȫҶ棬ֻһߡ
ҶȴаڰڴȵԼս
սΪ
Ҷǰ̵սУðΣõ˴
޳𾭵£ҶаһһöӣƷĵΪƷ
ʱҶ治پ̵𣬶ңΪƷʵĴ꣬ҲԷӳֲ
ڱıһ˲䣬ҶҲ뵽˺ܶࡣ
ңҶãֿʱˣԦŵһ٣ӦܹҶһϲɣ


1164 ۶
ͣ
һɫ⿪ʼҶָԾֱӽյ졣
˵ǣһɫ⣬ɢĿֲ¸Ҷµ˲ýڣھҽں˯СèҲ˫ʯд˽š
ȻΪ־塣
ƷĻ棡
ѾȫתΪҶǾϲ
иӵǿ
ˣÿתһ飬ܽҶһ飬ҶӵҲӵǿ
˵ģƾһҶٴζ̣ζǵһζǰҪ
仰˵ҶҶ֮ľ޴ս࣬ѾʧˣţΨΪѡ
ңΪΪۣǰǳսʱһصΪҶ񿪸صΪѾʮˡ
㷭ʮࡣ
ԭȫ߶ֻ֮תϢĻɳףڿɵ֧ϰʱҶ鸮ԺСеĻָٶȣҶ߶ɳһʱϡ
ͬʱҶΪơ׹顢ӥƷҲһ̶ȵ
Ҷţٴֻ̣Ҫǰ벽ΪӲ̰ʱ֮ԡ
ĿǰֳʵǣóһԵƷûôֹˡ
ԣΪһʧҶ׼ͣ
ΪˣҶǰɹɽ
ʱ䲻ˣҶ뿼ǵǰԭĿԣ׼ϡ
Ȼֲεĸ֣һķֶΣѾûжЧˡ
ԵĻ̫ѵãҶûôʱ
һ˼֮Ҷҳһһı
ʥ͸ҶǼӵϡѪĹǡ
Ҷ֮ǰоǣֻײܹơ
ǰһֱ޷ƣⱣıֻżܷá
ҶΪƷɲס
ǣҶǽͽƣǿޱȵɫǿѹ֮£ܹѹһ
Ҷڣʹַʽǡ
Ȼĺܴ󣬵Ϊ˼Եսֲ̣ǿıҶ벻ϧƳ
Ĺ滮һ֮ҶͿʼˡ
Լһ֮Ҷɫѹһ£һɫĻ涸
ҶϢĻ˻ҽɳƾո֣ŵסǿֲܡ
£Ҷ֪ʲôԷˡ
Ц֮࣬Ҷץʱ俪ʼǡ
˰ʱҶͷˡ
ԭܼ򵥣Ҷ溣ѹ¸ôһףڳǽʱŽһƴСĵطﵽ󷨵Ҫ
ǣǳǧ׿һǧ׵ĴСԣһƴСĵطȫԺԲơ
ٶȣǷ£ǧ꣬Ҳܹǡ
ǵļӲһˢҶ֪
ҶӵǴλʦҲЩΡ
Ҫܹ֪λʦػǵĵطͺˡ
ΣҶֻܸı䷽ʽ
Ȼܽǳ׵ƣôҶһԭеĻϣԵļӹơ
ȻϱߵǬⷨ
Ҷ滨˰µʱ䣬ֻҪĵطԭΪֲڵǬⷨ󻻳˵Ļ˧ʦоޱȵǬⷨ
ԭֻܽССʮ״С֮Ŀ£ȴԽСΪһ߿ߵı۶ܣֱֱϣʱá
ʵϣǬⷨľֱӽСΪСƳΪյ鸮
̫Ӳˣྫķ·޷̣С۶ܵĳ̶ȣѾǼˡ
ңھҶĸ֮󣬴߶Ҳȼ١
֮⣬Ҷֻһ̷󣬾ҲΪˡ
ǱӲޱȣˣûҲԿһĻ
ԷЯҶţؼʱ̣ԿԱ
Ϣ֮Ҷ潫۶ܿϣڲԽۣʮֵķ㡣
һ´߶ʱ
ˮӦˮ߶ʱǿɣ
һɲǣۻޱȵĺˮֱͨۿӿ۶֮ϡ
Ҷ£۶ܾͻ״СסҶȫ¡
໣
Ǻˮӿ۶ܵɲǣһͷ׹ͷһǵӰƾո֣׳˻
˻УԪ޴ڵĺˮͷ·õεٻһ㣬һľ۽Ҷ۶ܡ
һ˲ĹҶ۶۳һʵޱȵˮĻ⻪
Ҷ۾ǵɴͱþϲ֣ھȻв飬ˮܹĲ顭


1165 ޵еĺͫ
ΪŷԲΨһһƷԭΪӵ̽ţԭ׵ɹɽҲ
Ϊ̹ռɹɽռƷ˳ɵĵ̣Լ̷ɹɽͬʱǱ޵Ŀóǧˡ
ԭǷǳɵġ
̵ķţʸɹɽĽԽԽ࣬ɹɽ̽ڣò⼫ƷȺ
һˣܽȥһˡ
ǰ߱Ŷ£ܽ
ԷɭϳݸߵͣŶӣŶҲŵĸԸ
̴һεĶгװŶӵ߸ˡ
ͻȻ䣬һֲޱȵϢ£ʱȺһɧҡ
һӢ䲻꣬ɲǣɹɽ¾ͱϹϾӭȥ
Լ䣬ɹɽ¾ʹ˽ȥ
һĻط̳ɹɽΪһΪֺĺ
ܳ˵ʸһɰŶ˳򣬵ǵ˽ףͲȥøһ״𣿡
ɹɵƳһǴֺӣû
£ȴǼŭǴֺӣ٣Υ̹㻹ţҲȥ
ܣʲô𣬱֣֪Žȥ˭𣿡һ߼æȰ
ԣܼˣ˭Ҳܻ˹ذҪǾ˹أŶӻë˼
ҪܹնɱʮôҲֱӽȥңþãһֱûпڵɹɽ˵
㡭˵ҶҶɫһ䡣
Աߵ˰һܣ˼ײ
ϧ
ûϵܾȻڴضģӣҪȻӢۺܣһҪʹŹ񫣡
ܵ˿ܵĿѾȫ޾ˣҶ֮ľ룬ǳ֮ľ룬ҶȾƵģ

ҶɹɽȻҪµġ
ɹɽƷǵεĸˡıɴڡ
Ȼ˵ǰҶͿԻʯα㣬İݷãֻܰ
ҶʶͨۻԣһѶλ˴ԡ
ڵոʱǱλͨۻޱȡ
췢ëף׸ߵߣһ棬ʹҶһĪѹ
ͨۻ͵ڸոռҶʱ򣬾ͳ׵İܻˡ
һͷͷҶĸǰסҶĸ첲һĺＱֵܣ϶˺þǲǣ
ҪǸҲƣһҪȥ
ģҶЩʧЦ׳һָ磬ҲƣϺõʮ̳ɫҾһ̳
˹˹ˡ
Ҷ˵ĵڶѾȡһ̳ʮţЪţһ̳ա
񫣬үүĹ񫣬ҰʮȣҾƣ͸ˮһ񣡡
һĨ죬һҶߣֵܣȾȥүүûˣëѪһѬ˵ֻ֣Ǳǧ׺һǧ̳ûһļһѶûУ
ߣһ
Ҷ԰Цȫһ޻ζôˣ
˵Ҳͨۻˡ
磬Ⱦû⣬õȰ£Ҷ˵
£
СЩ飬Ҫڵ̣Ҷ˵
ͨۻüͷһ壬ҪǸϹϹӹŹֵĽǸҲܼġ
ˣȰһ⣬㣬Ϳ컯ˣ
ԣҶ氵ȴЩ˴ͨۻȴ飬ҶĳϣҶȴܽɱ˴硣
һˣҶʹ˼ȻԳϴպҲԳϴ硣
£Ҷֱ˵Ľʥļ˳ɫͷ罫Ϊʹλڶң
ʲô˵ļ飿ôаգԽŽɵ˼飬Ҷ浽ƻֺǰȻȥˡ
һ֮󣬳ȴǳҶһǴĴָˣϼһƽ˴ţҽȥҪѵţһǷ飬͸˸Ƶģ
ߣ
Ȼߴ󣬵ڲҲΪ£ҶԴȹͤͻȻ䣬ǰ紫
ִ·ͻؾһֵ
Ҷһ㣬Ŀͬʱһ㡣
ͬʱɫҶ濴ǰͫǽϾʥȻһգͷȴǰζӣʶģҶӾ˺ͫ˫ۡ
ֻôһɲǵĹ鸮ڽͨع⻪ţҶָ
Ȼ󰡡
̾һҶҲһ֣ͫһ಻㻹ðɣ
Ҷ˿Ľ⣬ȴúͫеɫɢȥ
ԣ˽Ĺѵ㲻֪𣿡ͫȴҶʺ߳
ͫʣﺺȴǻˣæһ֮󣬺ͫһ״Ӷ·
·֮Ժ߸ĳƮ
ͫԶˣͨۻŲһѶͷ亹ҶЦֵܣǸ絨Сʵ̫̬Ǳʰ׺ˣ
̬
ҶܺԵ
ᰡһûǵĽȥ£Ȼ䱻ǶһۣͻȻһԶһŮţĸ
ɷ˵ȥһٱ׼ظúõĶһû뵽˼ƣۼΣҲû谡
һﻳĸﰡҰ飡Ӳһȥˣǿɶİ
Ҷ治ɵһ񺮡
ͨۻȴĨһ亹⻹ǽҵͻˣָǱӳһͨҲ
˭ϣʮżһ֮·һ԰ʱ򣬸翴ˮӳԣժһҧһڡ
²¸Եʲô
ʲôҶЩ棡
һʺǽи
֮󣬸ù˲ϣʲôײˮذʯͷԣһ˯Ѿ˯Ұ⣬ȵľƱġ
ҪǣĳһëǣͻȻͳԦŵĸ׽ңŵİ
Ȼ֪ǻ񣬵Ǹ粻ͣ󣬲ûѸһ
󣬻Ϲͣҵجβ
˵꣬ͨۻ̾һڣ׸Ϊʲô˰ɣǲ𰡣
ҶţȴǴ˸սͫ˵ͣǹģ
ȴע㲻˵ģ£ﲻ㣬ذɣ
ҶЩĪ֮࣬ͨۻҶļ򣬡ˣ˵ˣ˵˶ᰡһǴȥϹɣ


1166 ĸ
ҶǣλھӵĵطȻһռ׷Բĺ
һСλھǱޡ
ӵѪ߱壬ѡˮʪĻҲͺˡ
ȥɣֵЩҪ̸һ£λھͻͨۻԣЩƣϼһⲻ˿
ϼһλֻ¡
뿪֮λȴ´Ҷ棬Ŀ⣬·ܹ͸Ҷһ㣬Ҷһֳױ¶ĸо
򺣴ʥţΪȻһ㣬սȴˣǳϷеҪúܶࡣ
һ֮λĵͷǼС˵дһ飬˵ҪϷʲô£˵ɣϷš
ǰ˵ΪѪԵʣõĴн϶࣬ϹŽ֮˽ҲĶ࣬мǰ󣡡Ҷ湰ֵ
ȴǵЦҡҡͷûǼС˵˵ôֻ֪һЩеѡ
Щм䣬ǸԴѪ֮дģԣ飬ֻ֪ţ
ңʱ޿̲ڷ仯Щ仯ϷҲһ֪ԣҲҪ̫ߣŪãϷҪʧˣ
ϣᣡ
ǰ֪䣬ʲô˿;ʻ⣿Ҷʵ
Ҷʲµ䣬ĿǰҶеʻˡ
һ㣬ҲҶ淢ɫǿ֮ŷֵġ
ҶɫⶼѾǿˣôɫ⣬жǿ
£Ҷͽµ򵥵Ľһ
ʻ⣿
¶˼֮ɫ⻰⣬˵ɾ;Զˡ
ɫʣһɫɫ
ɫ⣬ڴ˵֮Сиڻ֮ʱӵɫ⣬ϷĴмУѹûⷽļ䡣
ϷĴмУǿɫ⣬Щسޣɫ⡣
ĸȣӵɫߣؼָ
ɫ⣬ͺܶˣѪǿķˡȸá׻ߣȵȣȫɫ⣬֡
֮һЩӵѪ࣬Ҳɫ⡣
Ҷ漱ˣϽʵǰЩɫ⣿
λȴҡҡͷϷ治֪
ô᣿ҶЩʧǰһΣһ
Ϸ˵治֪
㲻ףȻֻɫ⣬ǣȴ֮һ塣
޵Ŀԣǿͻܹ֮۳ʻ⣬ȻƾԼǿѪͳͿֱӷܳһӵȫѪ֧
ĺһɫɫ⣡
ȻѪķܱԽԽϡͬʱѪ̳еЧԽԽ
ʷϣĿֲڲ
ҪǣϷĴм䣬Դʮ֮ǰʮ֮ڣܹľǿߣΨ֪ˣ
ԣѰҵǸ£϶һǿĺպȺгһܹ뿪ִĴ½ĻӦþܹ鵽˵

ҶЩʧû뵽λӵдмûд𰸡
ܿģҶġ
ѾҵǰĴ½ϹŲ󣬵ȵִ֮󣬲鵽µĴ䣬Ӧòѡ
ǰһ̣֪Ǵ˵еϹŲǵͨУ˫ͨСҶʵ
ǵͨл˫ͨУҪ
˵һ룬ڵĻͻشס͵һĪǿƶ˲ϢҶ棬С˵ҵϹŲ󣿡
˼һ£Ҷ˵ͷ
йϹŲ飬Ҷʵɲһ𰸻ֻǰλмࡢʸϵĴڿС
£λסˣԳ
Ҷͷɲǣλϵľ֮ɫ˲Ϣͱ˾ϲǿϲ
û뵽ôˣϷ򶼷ˣȻС˵ҵˣǸϹŲ׷ʵ
ҶЩΪѣǰǴϹŲڵһռؾ֮ڣλãڻ͸¶
ȴǷһĻ˻֣λãϷ֪ǣϷȴһ

֣Ҷüͷһ壬ЩôӦ
ˣȻҵϹŲϷʹ촰ϹŲҵˣҵ˾ʹã
⾫ޱȣ֪ǵĻ˫ģ֪Ųһ˸Ųʮˣһٸ龧һ
֪ο㲻Ϊ龧Ϳ˰ɣ
ЩϷ֪ͨͨ
Ҳͨͨ㡣
ǰǣӦϷһһҲݰɣ˵
ڲ˵ãһ˵Ҷ亹졣
ȷʵҶЩ뵱ȻˣΪҵϹŲϾܹʹ뿪Ƶġ
ʵȻÿһ⣬ҶҪǱҪġ
ݣ
ʲôǰƽϣҶ˵
һ㶼ѣʱϹŲǰĴ½ʱϷҪĸ


1167 ˽
Ҷԣʱ뿪½Ǵʮ뿪½ûκ
ԣĸҶӦĺˬ졣
ЩǼǹؼ
ǰҪҪԣӦ֮Ҷ油һ䡣
ȴǺĻ˻֣ҲŪһ˶ѣҲ߲õһֶζѡ
ȻѾӦϷˣʱ򣬽ʮӣҲΥԼ͵͵߰ɣ
˵ûκκô
ϷϹŲ⡣
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ĻûҶһܲΥԼĺûҪ
ҪϹŲǰһǵ˫Ҳȥܷ֮ת⣬һŲҪ龧⣬һοơ˵
ʵۺһؼƷϱߡ˵
ʲôƷҶʵ
Ųƣ
Ųƣ
ûĿƣһжǳļ򵥣ûƣǾҪˡ
ֻǵŲƣŲ龧Ҳ޷ƣ̶ֻȵİš
ããҵϹŵĹŲûرգֻҪ㹻龧Ϳá
ҵϹĳɻרŲҪ뿪½뷨Ҫˡ
ΪרĳɵϹŲ󣬱á˵
һҶʱ
˰죬ҵһϹĳɻרŲûпǾҪˡ
ǰжŲǹŲרŲ󣿡Ҷŵ
ŲרŲǴСˣ
Ϲ֮ʱɽһСľˣ͸Ǿޱȣ˵еЩڵı壬ա
ԣϹŵĹŲԴڵ֮𲽴Сǰ﷽Բǧ﷽ԲϹŲҲټ
רŲǺźɺģǸҪʹ޷СߣĴһߣ㽨С
רŲĴСʮﵽ﷽ԲʮӶ࡭
˵꣬ҶɫѾѿޱȡ
ҵרŲ󣿡״ʵ
ֻʮ﷽ԲӦרŲˡ
ûҵʵ
ԣҶҡҡͷҡһ룬Ҷͷһæʵǰǿһ㶼ʲô
˵ˡ
֮˵ϲˣ඼󣡶ңΪҪԭ򣬴£õĲ϶ӲѴݻ١
ңͨ£һϹŲơ
ţҶ۾ԽԽ
˵ӺռڵõǿСꡯֵĹʮֵơ
Ҷ汾뽫óڣһ£ǷЩðյľٶ
ϹŲĿҪԲԶ
Ȼǰλݰ֪᲻ʲô˼ĺá
ǰȷʵõһ鼫ӲɽƣСꡯ֣ԵϹŲĿǳ
ǣԹַ޷Ҷʵ
ޣϷһ۷񣿡
˼һ£ҶҡҡͷǸǰǶ
ϷʶһϹûǻˣ
˵ϷϿԿ϶ǸƣǷֵרϹŲĿˣӦó֮ΪŲ
޷ԭܼ򵥣˵ǣϹҲ޷ǺƵġ˵
ΪʲôҶˡ
ΪŲѹҪ֮һαԴѪͿ֮ҪɱӵߣͿԵѪ˵
Ѫ
ҶϸּɫҶ뵽ֿܶܣû뵽ǺƾȻ򵥵Ѫġ
ϣϹʱǿıʽǵѪġڲ
仰ȴҶ涸ؿڵ鷢ӳ֮ǰҲɹؿѪ
һ룬ʱҶණΪʲôʱϹô꣬ȴֱʮʱŷá
ԭȴֱʮǰҶŽѪ
Ҷ֮һϵеļ
лǰָ㣬Ǻʮа˾žϹŲĿȥ֮ҴһԱ֪мҪǰҶЩ˼
֪ʲô;ʰɡڴʱ̬ȺǺͰ
Ҷһʣǽһʱ
ҶǾܵĽԼɻϵǰλڡ
Ҷ漱е֪йغĴ½ϢйǸϽʹϢȵȡ
ϧǣλҲܵġ
ԣѪеĴмʮǰҴǹ飬飬ֻܸҶһοҶһЩʶԵĴ𰸣Ľ
ˣҶҲǳҲҶ漫𾪣ֱ߸Ҷ֪
Ҷ̵ĴָõʮεľʯΪƷʯ
Ҷ𾪵ǣĿǰ½ļƷ龧ʵںĴ½ϣҲͼƷʯѡ
Ϊʲô½ļƷ龧ֻǺĴ½Ʒʯԭ½йء
˵½Ϲս֮ʱӴ˺Ĵ½Ȼûб£ȥһƬѡ
Ϊԭ򣬵½ȱ޷
ͬʱҲΪԭ򣬵½ʧȥ˺еԭʼĲ䡣
½ϵĵǺȻġ
ֱӵĺ½龧ʯ첻㣬ѹ޷Ĵ½ʯȡ
Σ䵽½Ǿֻܰ龧С»˵ȼ
Сĳ֮ΪƷ龧ٺһĳ֮ΪƷ龧õһĳ֮ΪƷ龧õģ֮ܳΪƷ龧
Ʒ龧Ĵ½Ʒʯ൱½ļƷ龧½δ֮ǰ̼Ŀġ
ңΪûԭʼĲ䣬½ϿƷһ»ܹƷ龧ĿԽԽ١
ҲĿǰƷ龧ԽԽϡٵԭ
λڵ˵Ҷʮ̵ƷʯֵĴ
Ϊʯ֮Ķһ龧֮ıһģһƷͶһһٵıʡ
仰˵ʮƷʯÿһ鶼൱һ鼫Ʒ龧
ҲһʲƵĲƸˡ
ˣ
ҶͣڲʣڲЦеʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ǾͺãȻ£һ˽£ϷҪ̸һ̸ˣ˵
˽£ҶһȻ


1168 ѵ
ҶǱ޵ĺС뿪ʱһͷˮѹλǰڸʲô
λڱʽ˵ҪҶ̸һ˽¡
ûڣλڽҶ˰Ρ
ع֮󣬾ͳҶ˰֣Ҳʲô˽£ҶԼ뿪
λڷŵһҶӦڸʲô괫
ǿλڷ֣صģƺʲô˽¡
ֲˡ
ֱڵҶθڡ
˼Ҳ˵ҶҲûޡ
Ҷ滹û߳ĴţͱͨۻԸסˡ
üڳǺܷѪҶ棬ֻοЦһȥμνľ硣
Եľ磬һˡ
Ҷ浽ʱ򣬻λڡ
ֵܣѡӦǺȾƵڣ
Ϊα˾ĶҪͷˣȴƫƫװһνӣָһλɷŰɫ׵߽ܵ
㲻˵û˽㵱ưͣһۣһҶҶ棬Ҽ˵꣬ԹԵ¡
ȴЩջ𣬡ֵܣҪûĺȾƵļһӶ
һԵȴһȻδŵģ·˵Ĳ
ֵܣһλǡ
Կڽܣһλͷ˶ƤϵϵɽҶ棬ȰķסҶͬʱ¿ˡ
죬飬ʳƽóԺȣһ˵һ߽˶ĶƤĵ졣
ҶֵܣҶҸ磬һΣֻҪһʱܽʮһĺþƶһǧ̳磬׸磡
飡
һ߳ͽ͸˼ͷһΪ˳ƤҪĶֻҪóԵģ˵׸磬׵ԸС
ӣ㻹㲻ˣΪ㶼ʧˣ㻹ҡ
һԲûҧ飬ӵ˵һԣ
٣ȴǿҶ棬Ҷֵܰӣһ˵㻰
ˣŮشƨɴģҲԸһ
ҶʧЦֹ֮࣬ɽһɶŮܹܣ
ϹˣȻȾƣһŭȴһҧгݵȡҶ͵ʮ
ҶãģĹϵǺ
ľ磬˵أޣȷΪƴơ
û˵ԶԾŭΪÿѾһ̳ţ
ĬȻģȻѾɵһ̳ˡ
֮࣬ԵĹ˿ʼԵĹطΪƴơ
̳ƴ
ǿƴûãҶͺˡ
ԡ鶼ʲôţ⣬˱Ҳ״С
Ҷȫװƣװ١
ܿģҶ֪ˡ
ԷΪ֮Ҷǰ͸Сһ㡣
ȣ
ֱֱס࣡
Ҷ浹⿪ΪţǶ˰
ܿģҶֵĹЦࡣ
֮ǰҶΨһӰָ֣ˣһʱÿ̳ʮ𼶱ƣ
ҪŮ
ž
黰û˵꣬ͱһķˡ
Ҷֻ֪һ£ˣ
ָˣлһͷ
ҶٴѾһˣתһͨͷʹѵĸо
źСͨԵҶ
Ϲԡ˸ҪҶȥƴƣŵҶľܾ
ʵ£һڵĿӣҶ֪ǿӣɻǵ
ֵܣǵðƴ˸̳ʮ𰡣Ƕծ㱾Ӧ͸ģţһǧ̳
Ҷֵܣٺ٣ǵãҲǷ̳ƣ
飡
ٴαķɡ
ͬҶûʲôҪ󣬿ɲ̲ôһ䣬Ӻɷ˵͵Ҷ֪ҲǷ̳ˡ
ڣ
ЦţҶ뿪ɽ䶼
ʮޣҶȨƣŪͬƣҲʲô¡
Ҷ뿪ͬʱ֮УңңŴĺͫһͻȻͳˡ
ڣͫ
ѾͷΪʲôҪֹϷ򿪿أֻҪϷ򿪿ڣСӲӦҲӦ˵
ͫЩƣڣ£ͱˣҸ֮䣬ֻһɺϣһλˡ
һҲ䶼սʱҳְѾǷˣ
һһ㸹еġ
ڣҵ£㲻ùˣͫ˵
źͫȻ̾һת뿪
࿴Ŵ⣬ŽԶȥǵ⻪ܲ룬ˣѵҺͫҪøеĺ𡭡
ţͫҡͷ
Ϣ֮ڣͻؾһԣ飬ͫʮϢ֮ڣϷǰ򡭡
ڼϣǰչ⻪˸ӰƾմмϢ֮һɫȴǺͫ
ڣôɤŶǰʲô£ƤЦʵ
£Ȼĺ£
ָǰ˵ӽϷҪĸѵ
һ֮ڣԡҪǲϷȫ׷ɱȫϷȥ
һԣԻֻ飬ȫһս
νǿɲʲô޸
룬Գһֻĸϻʲôо
룬ѾεȥһͷҰӰж
˵Ŀ־壬֪
ǰλһ˵һ꣬Ҫһˡ
ͫһ֮ڣǲܽ׵βֻӰϷ񳬹ʮϢôǼϣֻܽϷİţ𣿡˵
ͫҧҧ촽˵ͷͫף


1169 
䶼̸ҶլԺǱ޾ڣҶ濴Ÿոȡͽذ峹ѹĺƣͷЩš
ϹŲĿǾ´󼪣ǣǿɾҪˡ
ⶨǷϹŲҶոձƳǰһαԴѪ
Ӧòɡ
һҶһһαԴѪ޹ĺϱߡ
һĻˣԭˮ֡áĺƣȻ·һĽһαԴѪյĸɸɾ
ͬһɲǣһĪϵسҶԺУ֮һֵģϢ
ȷʵϹŲĿϹŲΪŲϹʱһΪĻ̵Ľɡ
˵ǣŲһ˫Ų󣬶ҲֶΪǰѶ
ŲȫһŲˣȫĻǸҲʲô˶ܹܵģȫһΣҪһƷʯ
ģҶԿ֡
ҵŲСŲƵλһˣÿŲҪƷʯƷʯ
ͬʱŲһŲƵԽ࣬ƽԽС
Ųʮ˵Ļÿ˵ƽĴԼһǧƷʯҲһǧ鼫Ʒ龧
⣬ŲҲֿ֧ռӣ仰˵޴ܹװ˵ĶҲǿõġ
ǰ޴ܹﵽļܳסŲʱĿռ˺֮
Ҷţ¥õ޴Ǿ޷ܿռ˺֮ġ
֮⣬ҶķǣƱļҲǳԽı
ǣȻȴûʲôãҶ£Լ򵥵ıС󣬳֮⣬ǼӲˡ
½ϣҶżҲܵá
гһգ˺Ĵ½ϣҶѹõġ
֪ʲôĸ֣ǱһиƣҶһöȥ
ȷ˺ǿֻ֮ҪҶԸ⣬ʱԴż˳ǰνϽĴ½
ҶҶԣ뷨ЩС
ԭܼ򵥡
ҶĿǰһλϽʹһǳ̵Ͻʹ䢣һ̵ʹˡ
λ֮󣬶һص㡪ŽܱߵʵŴȵ
䢵յһ£̵ʵͽһ֮̽ȻΪȨ̵ԭʵ̫ࡣ
Ч̵ߵʵ˴ȵ
һ㣬ֻ֤һ¡ǸϽ缴ǺĴ½½ȫһ
½ȣĴ½ʮа˾žá
ҶĵӵеԴ½˰ɣ
ˣҶҪΪ۷ҲҪһϡ
̵ȴ˵ֻҪҶЧʮ֮ڣԿҶͻƵ
ң⻹̲Ҷʵµŵ
Ҧɭ½ҪҲͻƵ۷ߣ̶ŵʮͻƵ
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룬Ҷȴߣ˱Ҫ׼֮⣬Ҷ֮ǰ
ҪȻһƸԭҶڵ뿪Ļ½ûмܹס̡
˵Ϊйߣ̶ᱻɱһա
ԣȻǰĴ½׼Ĳ࣬Ҷ滹ֻܾȴ̵Ϣ
һȣĸ¡
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ҶеĿߵߴʮһ
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ҲһλصߣֻصΪҲһλصߣȴӵصΪ
ǺģƾΪͻƵغڵķ£Ϊֻһء
ٶȣһǹʱˣЩΪĿߣۻޱȡ
Щҩ֮Ϊ¡Ǻӵ˵Ϊ͸ϱΪˡ
ûϵͻƵ֮ΪǿֻӰٶȵĿӰΪͻơ
ң½ĴߣΪΪΪȱΪӵǿ
ҶһõƷ׶ص߸
ŵһλΪֻпصߣȴӵصꡣ
ģȴ¥λǿߵꡣ
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ȻҶֻЩӴеһɾǼܲסడ
ҪҶ⻪ͨɫ⣬ôôǿ꣬ԿԽҶΪҡ
εǣҶɫ⡣
ɫȷʵǿ󣬵Ҳ
µʱڣҶ½˰G׵ڵλǿڵĹʮһ⡣
ǣҶΪسڣغڣһضû
ΪȻûĹȴʵʵҡ
ˣҶӦΧҲٴҡ
ɫΪÿһ֣һֵ
еʱǹĺܿ죬ĸµʱתۼѾˡ
ڵƶϣڰڳ׻ָ
ʱһҶÿһ춼ڵġ
̾Ҷͷϵһһ㣬ҶӹЩĵ
̱Ҷϳ̲˵һҶ֪Ҷ¡ǧ۵˵Ĺϵ
ǰҶ棬һֱδ¶֡
̾ûôĹ˼ˡ
һԵķʧЧϢǱ䶼Ǻֱ롣
ոһյĽУʱֹȥһ£䶼ںȻֲ˵ҲһһѪȷ硣
ȴʮһεϹħڼʼΪħ߹ɱ
Ҳڴʱδ¶İڼΪæĳҶլԺڡ
ڵģҶһ࣬ˣ
ص˵ͷ


1170 
ƲУһɫڼٵķУѸǡ
֮ٵ˲Ϣơ
ɫ֮УһӢĲ񻰵ֻ֣Ǵʱ˿̣ӢĲ񻰵ȴЩŤ
Ҷģһ£һαȥһҪϣ
Ҫ棬ŮˣŮ
һĺ£һҪ㰧ʮʮҹȻ꣬ãܣ
һڸҧ죬̺޲Ͼɱ䶼ץסҶйޡ
һ٣٣Ǳ
˵ʵӳڣⱲܵʹۼûһεʮ֮һ
һʱһʹ࣬̾ͼҧ顣
ߺ֮ʣȴʮֵѡ
ҶģţһΣٻκ֣κγֵĻᣡ
ͻȻ䣬̵ɵѪɷһηһ䣬ǰڻսļʮλȺһ
ɲǣɫ΢΢һ¡
һɲǣڻսսؾ͹ޱȵİ
еһɲʧߵĶƺ̶һɲǣһ΢紵еʮʱͱ˷ɻңƮƮϡ
֮ǰΪ˵䵽һصߣһĻͷߵߵɵЦ
ȻһĻŷˡ

ϣȷɣԼжԶ䶼ŶϷеҶٴȷϵ
ڴʱȴǱ˫ǰնĳƮǰʱĳʱȴصĹ⻪
Ϣ֮󣬰۾
ûϷĸӦУ̵Ϣٵ䶼ķһֱϸ΢ı仯Ǵȴ䡣
ھ룬̫ԶˣϷ򻹸Ӧ̽뵽ﷶΧڣϷܸӦľλá
ԽԶϷӦԽ˵
ǴԼжԶǵ׼ʱж೤Ҷʵ
˵ϷĸӦУϢĿǰٶȣҲң಻ᳬʱ䡣
˵꣬ڿҶ棬Сӣʱ㹻̵ĸɣŪʮſߣҲ
ѣ
̵Ӧ֪ͨĿ߽ѣǰࡣ
ңҪ̫࣬пܻݾߡҶ˵
ô죿ڵüͷȻСʵƾ˵ʵǸһûʮİգ
İɣаţҪǣҪô׼ȷĶµһҶ˵
Ϸڣ򵥣ߣѡһսɣط䶼Զһ㣬̲Ųڵ䶼֮ǰı䷽򡣡˵
Ҷ˵ͷûһһ⣬ͨӦ̵λãôܷܲӦλãӶأ
ڳ˼һ£Щصҡҡͷ̿ԸӦӡδ飬ǣϷſ֮ǰ޷Ӧλã
Ǿͺã

Уɫڼٷţ˿һ·ϣҲ֪˶ԩꡣ
ʱţ̱˼Ѿûôˡ
Ȼ̲뱨ѪˣѾ׵侲
һϾڷ˼ս
˼ĽǣΪŲɱ֮⣬ҶǸϡȷʵż汾¡
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˿侲֮ʱףҪĿǰ״̬ɱ䶼׼⡣
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ͻȻ䣬ڷеٶһĿ⾯ޱȵɨ˷
ΪһɲǣͻȻһֱӵĸо
ˮɢǷԲʮ֮ڣ̲ûзκһӰ
Ҫǣʱ̵ͷȻһĪΣС
Σдʱңǿʹ̲òͣ½Ų

ͣе̶طһŭ˫һоһȦɫⶸΪɿķȥ
ɲǼ䣬еˮʱͱɫһ
ڸ߿ƲеҶ棬鶸һ䣬ĿʱͿ˰ڣִбüƻ
Ϸڣڴ˹ʱˣǰһͳ̵ǰ
ƥ򣡡̵ͫһͻȻֵİڣָһ£ȴǿûг֡
ΪͷΣû
̣죬ļգ
һͻس̵ı
Ҷ
̿ͻȻֵҶ棬ų֣һʼָԾ̵۽ǶѾʼ̣ûг֣
ŰҶͬʱ֣ͷΣвûԽԽ
Ҷ棬·ɣںһЦҶӦɲǣһɭɫĹ⻪żֲϢشӰзɳ
üͷһ壬öˣΪڵĹŲСвɫʢɲǣһһɫӭ˰ڹ
Ҳһɲǣ̵ͷظһǰδеļ¸У
ݣ
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𾪵ǣȴʸɢϢ
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ʮȫͬʸ
һ֪ʲôը
ͫһ̵Ƕسһ˿ЦҶɱ𣿡
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ǣײһıըͣǣ̵ȴûϢ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷͫһ̵ӰȻƾճǰΪ̵עųȥǸӰ֮ϡ
һ̾ΩΩФĻӣ͵شи֣Ҷ桢׼ȷ˵ҶǸӰͷ¡
ԵƷ
ǻֻδҶӰͻ˷ɻң̵鶸һ
һɫĹ⻪ʹԶ
⣡
쵰
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Ҷ깥һ֮£Ȼķ֮һ
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ȥ
һеĻϴɵĻطһǵصҶ浱ͷ£


1171 ĺ
꣡
Ҷ汳ӥƷſ˫һ񣬴̶Ҷӳֵ̻ĸǷΧ
ҶԵ͹˻ֵķΧһߣӭǣҶٶȻδչͱ˽ȥ
ߣ͵űɻҰɣ
һ˿ȻոסҶĻڣдϵ⣬Ҷնȥ
ͬһɲǣһĨޱȵ겨ʱֱӶ԰ڷ깥
һƺ֮󣬰ڵüĴرһƬۣһޱȲ԰׵ͬʱæִһīɫǡ
Ϸ׼
ʢǰسڵϼһȻܹΪǴɱ깥Щ⡣
ǸģȴҶ档
ɨһ۱סҶ棬̵۾صɴ
Ҷڻֵ£Ȼ
ʱҶ棬ɳ׸Ҷ赲ַյģȴһɫ⡣
ϵõĺɫΪƷ
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ԭƷӵƷҶ棬ڻֵӳ£ҲֻǼϢĹ
ôҲû뵽ҶҲ
£Ҫ뽫Ҷٻɻңǿɾ͵÷Щˡ
ִԼܹһңȻԽҶճɻңǣĵʱ佫ɱʮӡ
Σ
ૼ䣬ٴα䣬ǿֵĻ֮ʱͷ׺֡
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ÿһɭɫ㣬Ϣһ㣬ǼͷǳĿֲˡ
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Ʒֵ£ϧǣһεսУһˣһᡣ
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񵴿ռ䣿
ֲȱȫС֮Уôܻܹ񵴿ռĴڣ
ں𣬵̵Ķȴ˿һ˰ĺ˰ڵɭͬʱȴǷˡ
ҲڴʱԶУһ˳ɫëֱۡ
·һֻͨһ㣬ɲǣֱӾͽ̵ľǡ
ؼʱ̣ӦΣյ̴һҪֻһǳֵĴȴסҼ硣
ҪǣֻǳëĴ֣Ȼںķա
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飬´ʱϾ߶Ҳһȥ׷ɱҶ档
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ֻƷѣǿнӽƷĻԶˡ
ϵĻ׳˻֮ʣҶƱʮʱͷٵ
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ƿԽԽ
̵˫Ŀжһ˿Ҷڣŭһ̱ͨۻץסҼ磬ϢĻ˷ɻҡ
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μ֮ʣ̾ͱܿͨۻǸֲ޹ĺ
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ܿͨۻȴ޷ܿڵɭ롣
ɭ룬һʣĺ̵ڡ
һĻڶŭһƣ
ڵɭʱһƬɭɫ⻪ɲǣѪ⡢ͳͳ˷ĩ
šȡظȸҪȫһɲǼ䱬˷ĩ
ͷ׹ⱬɲǣһ·һĽ̵鸮
ǰǸߴƷȴ˺üɭ룬׷׻֭Һͷġ
˲Ϣʧ˽ǧɭ룬۾һ͹Ѫʱ鳤ա
̵ԴҲһɲǱ˷飬¶鸮Ÿ鸮ŵޱȵļ̣鸮У̵꣬ȴڷһ

һ˷һޱȵĴսǽ죬

̵鸮֮עĿģȴһ鸮ľ޴ɫűסһֱӻ˰ɭľǴ˷
Ӧ̵ıս
ԹУ鸮·⻪һطɳһöƵԲ
ƵԲƺҲļɵСģֻˣֵһɲǣǰʱʼ̮ճһһĺڶ
ƵԲޱȣĺ飬߶ɻıϣӦҲǣ
૵ͬʱĿһɿһöɫɲǣĺ鶸طɳ
Ĺ⻪ס̵ɲǣ鸮еһ֣
ֳڵɲǣ⻪סƾʧ׳ĵĺ鶸ر
һƿī֭йһ㣬̮֮
ҶУ˲ϢͲ˾
ҲڴʱһͷͻأĳУѪſȻ͵һ


1172 ıͨ
˲֪ĺ飬ΪĻ˧ߣҶ׳ĵĺ飬Ϥ
ĺ飬ǲõʻƳɵһִɱʻ֮еһ֣Ʒף츽׻Ҫһ㣬Ʒ
ƷǿвкڵĿֲ⣬ַƳĵĺ飬ֱܹв۷ڵı
Ҷ˵Ϊ˵ĺ鱬ĻֱӷϣǸϸʮףܽҶ˲ɻҡ
ĺֵɲǣҶеľ֪
ɰ
Ҷλ̵ֹ̽ʵǵ̵ۣʵԲǿ
ܹĴսĺ飬ͲӦܹӵеġ
ƫƫӵˣͷʱõŽɫҲǳǿ
Ҷŷ͹̵Գơ
ֵԳơ
ҲȷʵҶˣͬΪϽʹ̶ѹԵʵôп̵ܳġλϡ
ϧǣҶ滹λڣԺĴ½Щ˽⡣
λݣӵʲôĵλ
Կ϶ǣҶ滹ǵ͹̣ĵ͹̡
ǣѾˡ
ĺҶģ˾ֻо
ҲΪˣҶ޷ݿǸͻأеͷѪһţͽûбĵĺֱɵĸо
ָо޷ݡ
ǸѪɵոձĵĺһɲǴҶĸоȵĺ鱾𾪣
ͬ𾪵ģаڣ
ĺʧڵĶͷѾ亹
ͨۻƺûаš
һΪûֵĻˣû뵽󣬻Ҫ찡
˶ͷ͵̽Ҷԣ˵Ҷֵܣһ죬ֵֵ̳ʮ𰡣
ֵֵ˵̳ǧֵ̳Ҷ͵صͷ
˵ģǧ̳ƣһٰ̳˵ţĿһۣӣԺ󣬵ƺȣҲˣ
԰һ㻹ȹܹĶӰɣ
ͻȻ䣬»εüëһ壬˶ĽϵĶƤһĹ
⻹еƤһʱ֮䶼ⲻˡ˵ţһ飬͵һӵˣҵøϿɹɽֻҳ׵Ļ⣡
һͷٶȥոնɲǣͽͷ̽ҶߣҶֵܣ˾ưǧ̳ϣĶӰ
ȥͣ
һ֣ĸ֣ͽ׷ʧȥ
磬û°ɣҶ濴ʧķЩġ
ںĳƺΪԣԸϲ˳Ϊ磬硣
ԲںҡҡͷģǸƤأǿıͨǬɴСԳһ硣
ֻǵĺ̫Ҫʱ仯ȥ
˵꣬üͷһ壬̵ˣô죿
磬Ĳֻʣӣսɶûˣ׷ɱɣ㻹Ǿȥ˰ɡ˵ţҶһƿԶ֫ıࡣ
̵Ȼյ·̷ˣǽͨۻԵĴֱ۸յֻʣ°׹ǡ
ҲãҲ꣬Ⱦͻɽˣ£ٻҵıëǣֶַ㡣˵ţִԺժһëݸҶ档
𵱳޵ҶǶ˼ʮ
ͬʱҲǳ׵ĽҶ档
˲ϢԶȥͨۻԣڽÿһҶ棬˵ҶСӣôôһģ
Ϊǿ󣬻ǿޱȵıͨ
ÿһһıͨǿޱȣ
ͨۻͨͨ˵ˣս޵аΪĻХȻգ˵ǣǸȻܹһ˵ĺ顭
ʵǰޱȣҶҲޱȡ
£ԴҶڵǴ̻˵׮ĸĽס
ʱҶ̹λһ£ο˲ûͨ
Ҫ̵˲̫ˡ
ûĹڲ»һԣʱͿԶǧ޼Ѱ
ҶҪɵ̣Ҫ취̵˲ͨҶ̵ϡ
ڵ˵˲ͨķв٣ǣ½ϻһûУ
ıͨǡþͿԿ̵˲ơ
ҶȻڰæˡ
ڻ˵Ҫǿǣ֮ҶϹŲ飬Ҫĸ֮
ˬޱȵĴӦҶ档
ͨۻҶ棬Ҳˡ
ԭܼ򵥣λҶһСı̸ɵҪ뿪½ǰĴ½飬ǾҪˡ
ȻҶһҪ̣ھͽλˡ
ʵϣǰڻҶʮżƷ龧ħԪ۵ʸֻնѡ
ɱ
ֻʱҶҲû뵽͡
ңһֱûг֣Ҷ֮࣬ÿ裬òҪְˡ
û뵽һ֣;춯أֱӾ;ڳһ
Ҷ澪ˡ
˵ʲô֪İˡ
׷ʣҶֻýйһ¡
ԣȴǵһû뵽ǸݺµķԦĥô꣬Ȼš
Ȼ֪λڵµġ
ƵǣҶ׷ʣȴǲ˵
ϹҪ֪ȻģϷɲǻ˵
Ҷĳһ۰ڣ
ȥ˭ǸϹǸϹ㲻Ԧô꣬Ҳòȥ
ҪȻͳˣܹɹɽڣ
ϷµϹͨ˵֡
˵䣬۾ͻһգҶСӣϷָӦ̵Ϣˣ


1173 Ϲħ֣
߿УҶŰڣŰڵĺҲǻθͣ
һλȥ̵ֻ̲֮󣬲ûһһ㳹׵伣ԻͨڵӡԼӦ̵ķλ
ԣǲ̫ԶԼ֮⣬ЩƮҪʱʱӦ
תˣ
۾ͻһָ򣬾ȷϱߡ
ϣ˵ӣϺĲͣתŷ򣬵ڸʲôأǷ׷ٹģôţҶݺݵһڡ
һĬҶ棬㻹ǵʱ龰ϸһ¡ߺǵĺ˳򣡡
ʱΣ˳򣿡
ҶһһĴĽɫȻ˵ĺ顭
ϣ˵̵֪УǼˣӦöѾˣǰɣҶ˵
ڵ˵ͷûˡȻʱʩչͨǵĺ飬ǣʩչ֮ͨǰ̾Ѿʧˡ
ȻΪѾˣʲô
Ҷںضһۣ
ӦѰҺʵ
ûʵѾ½ʷͣȫʢʱڵɶûСһҵʵǸոո壬Ҳ̵ʵָȫʢʱڵҡ
УҪ볹׵Ļɱ̣һҪҵʵḽ֮ǰҵҶȻ
ϣҵɣֻһ߸ӦһָоͿԣԽԼܶʱ䣡Ҷ˵
ǣڲûϿϴҶ滳дܳСèǶĿҶ档
Ҷ棬һ£Ӧףʵٴҵ̣Ҳѳ׻ɱ̣˵
ôܡ˵һ룬ҶͻشסҶװ˵ʲôָ鸮ŽĴս
ǰŴս̵԰ڵһ֮Ǵսûʧɴڡ
仰˵ֻҪ̵űһֱڣҶǾɵ̡
ϷŴսƺ̺ƣȻֱܹӻٵϷɭ롣
Ҫ֪Ϸɭ룬ȻֻƷʵڲѷƷ
ǴսӦΪԶĴıҶ棬Ǻܲ򵥣еĻҪǿ󣡡˵
ԣҶ涸һЦôϣˣ
㲻Ϊʹ˷Ź׷ɱ̣̾ͻŹ㣿λٻĳޣɲ˵ҹܽҹģ
ǰˣҲҵ̣Ȼ󽻳һ꣬ͷ̻㡭
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ҶĻû˵꣬ھҶĺϺݺݵһƣСӣȻϷϷҡ˼
Ϸüˣõ
ڷҶֻǺٺɵЦҲ⣬ȷʵǴ˼
Ҷ治£ǰڲϣ޷׷ٵ̡
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ҾͲˣһɱǾɱΣβУɱΣҾͲǴսĲ꣡ŭƽϢ֮Ҷ˵
ڿҶͻرЩ֣۲ӡԽԽ£
ڣЩСΪʲôܹڶ̶ôЩôĳɾˣһԵ⣬ҲԸʹȻ
̾һһ˿䣬Ϸһ㣬ͲȺĻԵˣҲˡ
̾Ϣ꣬˫УСèʱ֮ͬһ
ҶڷΪҶǼѾȫˣԣû̫ľһᶫһᱱģٶȷǳ
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Щʬ嶼ֻһûκ˺ۣȴѾɢǵ͵ܵ깥
һʬ壬˵һʮʬ壬ÿһʬָûбժߣǻֻжΪˡ
ֻ̲ʧȥĴڣŻ˵һֶɱˣҲֻԺĴ½Żῴ½Щͨߵҡ
֮⣬Ҷڻȷһ㣬̶ҪǳߣӦûûҵʵ
Ҷһ
һ·׷ʱں۾ҶСӣҿȷ̾ǰﷶΧڣ
ܺã
һЦҶһ͸޴ڵˮϿٵǰɢ
ʮϢ֮ҶԺУͻؾ͸һĻ档
һųƵĹţڴһ߸ոոɵʬ壬Ϣ֮󣬳ɫһã¶Ťݡ
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һӿй߰Ļ壬ոӿʱջء
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ҶȱҵʵһҪʮ壡У̶գ߿ռȻѰһĿꡣ
ҵˣ
ɷشҶǸ֣ϣƵȥƵԶԶǰ߶£ҴӺ߹ȥ͵Ϯ
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ʧǰͬʱСèһޱ۽߿ʱ˺ޱȵƲ㡣
һɲǣҶʧޱȵƲ֮С
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ֱָʡһʡһ㡣
£Ǳ֪
ǣȴֻš
ʧȥĸʱڣѾɵ˶ʮһɢˣΪǿɢǿߣ͵ء
ʮһһߣ̵У࣬ѹۡ
ȱСʱͺܲôɵɢޣӦøˡøıˣӦȥһЩоԶɣҲкʵ
Աڲдʵ𼸸ɣӦûʲô⡭
ͻȻ䣬һݵľ޴Σ̵и֣ŵð֮ʣ͵ת
Ϊ̸ӦΣ
תɲǣ̾ͿһɢſֲޱȵϢɫֱĺ
ɫ졭
û̳׷ӦҶƲкһͱֱĺ̵š
ɲǼ䣬ǳɫ⻪ҵĲһ£⻪رޱȣ̵ӰȴǱһĻŵð
Ҷ棬㣡
֮ʣԥģ̾ٴһöɫ
Ҷĵڶ䵽ڽɫİУһųɫ⻪ƾʧ
ҶĵڶյĴգ̸ոʧĵط
Ȼֽ֪Ҷ滹̲סıһֿڡ
ӣӵĻ죡
㳹׵ŻˣҲ𣿡
ϷƣһҪ׷ֻҪвԣͻߣڳǰ
ҶЩϣӦһһλãһжԶ
Ŀ˼һ֮󣬰۾嵽ʮ֮䣬Ϸƣǽɫ˲Ϣͳ嵽ʮ
ңϷĸӦ̵Ϣ࣡
ţǰĹٸ£ֻҪ£Ҳܹ׸ɵˣûǴսĻ˵
׷
Ҷֻųһ֡

ôܣ
ôܣ
ĺ֮£Ҷôܻţ˵ҶǿҲܻţ
죬ڸЦ𣿡
ɫ⻪ոɢȥ̾Ъ˹ֱǷһ㡣
һΣᱻŻˡ
ѾӦ˵Ҷ棬ٴγˡ
һشһ
У롢̵ʱҵһҪȻпܻᱻɱ
ɱ֣жظֳһ˿ݵĿ־塣
Σҵֻ꣬ٳ̶ֳܷȵ깥ΣӦ˵һΣΪ֮Ҿ͵ûɢˡ
սӦûܾһΣ浽ɽˮĳ̶ȣ̫ΣˣС
ૼ䣬̾ͼ̵̻ǰȥһΣȴǼӿٶȣ֪׷ɱ֮Ҳ޷ǰˡ
һ̱һٶȣҶҪ׷ϣͲǰǰˣڳ׷š
ңһα׼ȷĶµһ飬Ҷܹ׼ȷ׷ٵٵط
ԣÿһʱ䣬̾ͻȡһöݵط飬˲Ϣڼ֮⣬Զ׷ľ룬ͬʱҲΪ˼ġ
׷ں󷽵ҶڣȴǱĹǺ
ۿѾ׷ˣͻȻϢʧˣٴγ֣Զ֮߰⣬ƵֱֹͣѪ
Ҷȴû˿˼
һ׷׷˰ࡣ
ףͣˣƺͣˣں˵
Ҷ濴ԶͬʱСèӰѾٿһ㡭
û˵꣬ҶͻһָгֵĹϣ쿴ʲô
ħ
Ϲħ


1174 Ϲħ
УһźƾյطȻźڷзɿ󣬼֮䣬ǹǧ׷Բ
ǧ׷Բ֮ǹʹһѪɫģģŷϢԽԽ󣬴ƾۿȥѾ߼ʡ
ǴСԲ
ǷϢţһӣŷϢ׵ıŨѪɫħ֮һӰͻȻͳѪɫħ֮У֡
ҲһɲǣѪɫħֹͣӿһķ
ҲһɲǣҶؿڹŵöС򱶵ħͻȻͱùޱȡ
Ǹ£̵Ҷʧʹһ
ʹ߹ҶʱʶʲôʶģҶͳǰŵħ
һֱڳеħڣʱȻҲһŨѪɫħǱҶһеħĻ꣬ʱһţĻԾ
Ҷ澪ǣħ֮еսѪ죬ʱҲɢѪɫ⻪һһģ·Ӧʲôһ㡣
ҶսѪеʱһݵĸо͸ҶͷҶʶĿޱѪֵ֮Ϲħ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ·ôһɲǵĴ·սѪޱѪ֮еϹħһһ㡣
ָо̫ˡ
Ҷعʱ򣬰һޱȵҶ棬ҶСӣ㷽ϵϢƺڲͣı仯ʲôˣһĺ档
ûʲô
ҶڻӦȻǲŵģҶ治˵Ҳû취
ϣƺϹħϤӦýɣҶӰһЩйϹħϢ
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ںƯɾ˦Ҷ֣ŪҶǿЦãʲôãЩСۡ
ϣÿ˶ܣҲ̽Ĺһ㣬ЩΣҲ˵ģҶĬһµ
ȴЦһйϹħ飬ҲϷܣ𣿡
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ҶԲ˵ֻǵͷŰ֮ģӦ
һʱ֮󣬰ȴЩ̲סˣСӣ֪ҪǰͲϷ˵ֻҪϷ˵ϷͿԽϹħ͸¶һ
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˲ҪҪˣϷô뿪طǰ췺Ĵ½˵
ˣߣĻô࣬ܲǰĴ½ǾҪ˵컯ˣҶЦ
ڳüһ٣СӻˣŲϷھ͸ɵ㣬ѻꡭ

ҽɲǣʱðڿնæҵһͨˣŽһ
ˣƮƮİɫ룬İ뻹һ˷ɻңƤýޱȡ
ȴǷŰڿڵһ˲䣬ڰҶʹ߶
㣬Сİæҵһ·ָҶƿڴ
϶ҪҸɵѻˣҲģѵűѻ갡Ҷ߳
ֻϷһЦѣ
֪ԣᱻյǲǺ·ѣҪȻžͲ㣬ֱ㣡Ҷ˵
ԣ鲻ɵһҶҲΪɵ
Ȼ˵һº䲻ǾܹܵششҶɵƺҲ̫ѵ顣
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Ҫ˵˽Ϲħ½ϣϷƵڶ˸ҳƵһϹħڣϷǽ룬ͽȥΣȫˣ
ңϷسڵΪҲϹħĸ
Ҷ鶸һȥΣϹħʮһΣҲ˵ڵѾʮˡ
ңϹħΪҲǿңʱ䣬ҶƣԵ䣬Ӧҡ
Ҷģȴǰڵһ仰
ϣϹħܹΪҶʵ
ϹħߵΪǣȴͬһСһ㣬ӵ򡭡
㻨˰ʱڲŽйϹħҶ潲˴š
ϹħʮһΣÿһγ֣ҪС
ǣħΧǷĹѪɫħȴǴޱȡ
еƼӳֵػֻҪմһ㣬ʲôʱͻڡ
κֻҪմȾһ˿һѪɫħʱͻȫʧɷƷ
ңѪɫħߵҲżƷĸʴǿ۷ߣֻҪֱӽӴѪɫħʮϢ֮ڣҲڣʹ䡣
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һֽ뷽ʽħʢļ֮صħƹħƹħƹħϿԳ׵赲סѪɫħϮ
һֽ뷽ʽǶͰ벽ǿˣ߶۲ĵסֵѪɫħϮֻҪͨѪɫħϣͿԽϹħ
ַʽɲʮֵİȫżһЩʵõİ벽ǿߣѪɫħϮ䡣
ԵƵԽԽȫ
ǰ˵ĽϹħַʽôߴͷһ㼷Ϲħ֮ڣΪʲô
Ϲħڣʲô
˵ϹħӵдħؼϹħطʹС
ԣħؼȷʵС
Ű½˰½Ѫħ̵һϹħڵõѪħ󷨣½Ѫħʼ棬һִϯ½Ѫ̡
ǣǧΨһһδϹħڵõħؼļ¼ˣϹħĴУϹħѹûгֹ
ڵ˵Ϲħн꣬ʮһΣҲһٶˣʲôؼ֮ģѹθɾˡ
ԣϴߡǿ۷塢벽ǿ߽룬Ϊ˸Ӧ
ϹħڣϾ򣬿Щ߲ͻơ
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˵Ϲħջ˵ĵط
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ȻҪǣϹħÿһγ֣ӿ֮У֮µߣһ߶Ϲħ
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ҶоģħĻꡣ
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ǵȻ
͵һͷϹħÿγֻ֣ͣ£
һΣҲΪǰĴ½ĻᣬҪȻϷͳϹħڡ
ʮһεޱᣬϷһϢҲ˷ѣ
죬ץʱ䣬Ҹоٶ£ֻҪʱͿԸϵ̴ʱλã˵
û˵꣬ͻȻһãӵϢȻֶˣпǷǣ
ƶٶȣǰࡣ
ţٶڻļӿ졭ĿӦİںȻ¶֮ɫףϢʱǳһƺˡ
ţӦþһǰͣСĵء
û˵꣬ҶںȻͬʱסͬʱһ˿֮ɫ
·ӦĳģĴŵɽţʱѾɫճһƬ׵أУŻսζ


1175 ̵ļѾ
ĴŻڣϬԵĻϵǣģȴǻڵ
һλѵһľţʮ겻ʱ䣬ΪͻƵ˿һʮʱ򣬼λΪȴѾߴ￪ء
ڰ˰֣˵ˣϷѾ֪Ϊͣôʱˡڣзǳʺ
Ҷ˫һ˿ķŭˣϧˣһ˸ɹȴû°ȫ𺣣
û취޷Լ˵ģ˵
ҶʱͳŰŭĿ򣬡ǣ˭ڣϵʱڵΪͨ龳ĴڣҲ𣿡
ԣϷҪ뾡һа취ǰĴ½Ϊ˲ϣΪܹԼˣ
ϣ׷𣿡ɽ棬Ҷһ
ҲǣҲǣڵʲôҲ͵ܹ׵Լ˵ʱ򣬲֪ɡٴγ̾һ
ץɽʱͱ۵ҶУСèһչޱߵһ󣬻Ͽվһǧ׵ĺƲ㡣
һɺˮ۵ĺӰ˰ƲУƲ㼷ѹ֮£Ͽգʱưô꣬ɽʼɿϨ
ҶĿǰʵֻΪ׾ķı
߰ɣ̻ûںµõ׷ȻɵҶûãҶһʧããʡ
УڹѪɫħֵϹħƺݵջһһϹħⲿѪɫħС
ЩУΪ˸ϢǿǿߣҲħƹħƱݳѪɫħеС
һЩа뿿ͨķϹħԵģһģЩ߶֮йֻ࣬һл걻˹Ѫɫħ֮С
һЩߣȺӵϹħĳһ߳ħƹǰΧٵġ
עĿģȴһλϢģѪɫħ·ĳߡ
߸˵ĸоܹ֣ȥܸоһĪıŤС
ˣԲǧеĸŻȴһ˸ҽӽǧ֮ڡ
ڴ֮ǰѾߴߵ⣬ֻ³ܲңһ֣ͱٳ˺ڻҡ
߲ǱˣǸɹûõ̡
ʱһɭĸ·½临ӣвʡзŭΡп־壡
ƺĳشһ㣬ȺϹħȺת
ͻȻ䣬̵üͷһոָ궯ظӦһ޵ϵڽӽ
Щ겻ɢļһ׷ˣ̵鶸رޱȵ˫ȭ͵ֱ߬߬Ĺǽڷ࣬ǻƽȮۡ
̲෴ģܴ
Ҷκܾ׼Ķµ̻ɵҶ׷ط
˼ȥջɵߣӡǻûгʧĳϡ
Ȼ֣һͨطʩչ£Ӧ˳֮ӡĴԼλ
Ҳԭ⼸̲ܾ׼Ķ㿪Ҷڵ׷ɱ
ܹҶڵڵСʱǰ롣
ڸղţϹħĳ֣ȴޱȵľᡣ
֮ԾᣬΪϹħ֣ʹԻתĴ½ˡ
ԭƾǼƷֻ̳Ҫ㹻мƻ֮󣬾ͿԻתĴ½
ΪҶĳ֣޷еļƻ޷̳ͨתĴ½
Ȼ̲£̳֮⣬ٻֻ֪عĴ½ķ
һַϹħйأһ־Ѱ½ڲдϹŲ
ԭǵļƻ֮̽󣬾Ҫ̵ʱʵȻҵ½ϲдϹŲ
ֻҪҵκһдϹŲǾܹӵкͿǰͼڼصС硣
ʱ򣬲Сǲǲȱģ֮ĺλϺü
ϧģҶĳ֣ȴܡ
ڵõ̻ǱȽġ
ҪԶǱʸԴֻҪϼʮ깦ָܹԭ
̸ҵ뷨ҸطǱޣǱ޸ʮظʵ֮Ҷʱ
Ϲħͻأ֣ȴı̵뷨
ԭϹħûг֣δҵдϹŲԣ·ֻҶġ
ڣϹħˣ̿ͨϹħعĴ½·ʱ̾ᶯҡˡ
룬Ǽ½ҶģͨϹħعĴ½أ
ҪǣϹħÿһγֻ֣дڰ졣
Ҳ˵֮Ϲħͻٴʧ´γ֣һԺ
һϹħʧδʮڣ̿ûκ뿪Ļᡣ
̿ɲΪҶ׷ɱ֮»ҵϹŲ
ʵԼûз֣ѾˣѾ˶Ŀ־壡
һһ뿪ĻᣬδʮһΣգǿɾţ·
սʤҶ棬ڽβ㱻Ҷնɱһηͻأֵľǿıͨͨۻˣ̼𺳡
ĴܣУ̵ͷһ˿Ǳʶȫʢʱڻȫʱ򣬶޷Ҷ棬һ㱻Ҷնɱ
οʵ£նɱҶˣνϣã
ңһвĿܣ
Ĵ½ǰ;ĻƷǾԲҲȱСġ
νǧ֮ӡã˼ǰ̾ǳô˻뿪תĴ½ͼ
ңƣָҪʮϰ꣡
һתĴ½ƿʮ궼òͻ᳹׵Ļָ
ңѾһˣȱС磬ΪĹ
Ҷţһα֮ʱһҪΪū
Ҷʮ壬ΪūŮΪ潣
һһٵ˵仰̶һöķУһѪɫħ̤Ϲħ
̤ϹħɲǣĿӦİ͵һۣʧˣ
̵Ϣ׵ʧˣ
ʧˣ˵ǰһ㣬ˣҶʵ
ҡҡͷǰһǰأϷֻ޷ӦĴԼλѣ
ڣȴǳ׵ʧˣϵģѾ׶Ͽ˵ţڻ˻еĳ죬ͨ£ֻһֿܵܣ
ʲôҶʵ
뿪
Ѿ׵뿪һ磡˵
뿪һ磿
һɲǣҶڵĿͬʱ˾ֻħϹħ


1176 
ϣȻϹħôϹħӦԳһģҰǰӦλã̾Ϲħǳҹƣʮа˾ӦýϹħҶ˵
᲻ᶯһЩǿޱȵķֱ̣뿪½ع˺Ĵ½أһܡ
˼һ£ҶҡҡͷûôܡûֿЯĿһ˿ԽңԶǿյŲ̣Ҳ֪
ҿԿ϶ǣǿŲ̣ԲУ
Ϊʲô
ǿ̣ô̾Ͳᵽڶǹ¼ҹһˣ
ֻҪúŲӺĴ½ǿ֣ᱻ׷ɱģӦˣ̡ҶȻ
ԣڵ˵ͷ⵹ҲǣôϿȷ̽ϹħڵĿ⿴ѪɫħϹħôô죿
ô죿Ȼ׷ȥ
ЦһҶ;ֱϹħ
״ȴǼˣ˵ҶСӣҪϹħħƹôҲ׼һ°ɣ
ãҲ׼һЩרſħħĻĶɣ
ԣҶȴһЦϣãҶԸЩ⣬õ׼
һ㣬漴Цһ£ȷʵɫ⣬治£
ȻˣôϷҲͽȥˡ
ϣϹħ֮׷ɱ̵飬ͲҪˣҰɣҶ˵
Ϊʲδ˵꣬ٴοЦŵͷ
ôϷһ
жӿһۻöƵĹ⻪ӳУɵƿ˹ѪɫħʧѪɫħ֮С
ҶҲɿĳ˹Ѫɫħؿڴ̣Ҷޱȵ˷ܡ
Ҷǰͷ֣ؿڹŵħԽӽϹħԽḶ́ħڵսѪҲԽ
·Ϲħʲôһ㡣
֪Ϲħħûʲô֮ͨ
˼ţҶԽԽӽϹħҶ涶ַһöħƹǹѪɫħ֮С
ҲħƹֵɲǣͻشбɳסҶȥ·
Сӣħƹ㡭
ͣ
ɫһţߣϢĻ˻ҽ꣬ûӴܳɫһգɢ
λһħƹߣһĻ˫Ⱦɸһķ񶶶һ¡
ŵһĻֲ̫ˣ
ɱߣֱɱһ㣬ֱҶħƹѪɫħ֮Уһˮ̳һ㣬ɫ԰ֽһ
Ʒ
ǰҶƷĵ𣬾ͿԽڵߺɱ˵Ʒˡ
ȻǰҶʱҲеףĳʱ£ǿס
֮󣬲ʱ佫ڵ׵תҪȻκһˣԷٵ³
ϹħΧѪɫħӵħƹҶԣûκѹ
ҶͷħƹģصʱҶĸĸš
ؼʱ̾ǿߵĹҲֵܵס
ʣµţҶ汾˼һţǧһţһţ˾ͶԽϹħˡ
ھڲ֮󣬼ǧȴٽϹħðˣ£Ҳá
Ϊһκʧ뱲ӵҵͳ군ˡ
ڷ£͸Ըðˡ
£ҶϹħʮɣֻҪչ˺ԼͿԡ
ΧѪɫħһ޴ѪɫǳسҶǰ
ǽʰɫ淭Ѫɫħͬʱµķ֡
һɨһƺԽҶɽȥ޾ѪɫԨÿһڣ̺޾£Ҷ漱æջ
ǵƣ
ѪɫǳأȻɵɣöôֲĴڣõƹһһۿͷĳǽҶĳԾֱ
룬Ҷ˲̽Ѫɫǽ뷨Ե͵ѪɫǽѹͲҶܹĴڡ
һɲǣҶ̤˴ǸֵѪɫŴѪɫ̤Ϲħ
̤ɲǣҶؿڵħùޱȵͬʱ͵شҶؿڷɳ


1177 սѪ֮
ҶֻоؿڵĹħ׹Ȼǰޱȵĸ£ǿֲĸ£ҶؿڵƤ̵졣
Ҷ´µ̵ܱ죬ɼ¶֮ߡ
ɲǼ䣬ԽֲĸлɻҽħشҶؿڳǰѪɫĻ
ɲǼ䣬Ҷ󼱡
ܵģ˫ʵһɫ⣬ͼƿħֹħȥ
˵ģħھнŵϰħĻ꣬޼֮
ơָķãκ֪ĵҩʮ֮һЧûС
Ҷ滹ڹؼʱ̱أôħȥ
ʵһɫ⾶ֱħڵսѪϣսѪɲǼѪ㣬ħȥƶͣͣҶͷ
Ҷ氵һ߶׼ջħɲǣһŨīѪɫ⻪ֱֶħ
ɲǼ䣬ħҵһ£ֱҶǵŨīѪɫ⻪糤һȥ
һɲҶ潫߶˼£ȴûнħȥٶȽһ˿һ
Ѫɫ⻪ȴֻһѪɷĴӭչ
ħˣսѪȴҶ
еսѪ죬Ҷ·𿴵˵߶սѪںսݺµ龰
꣬սѪÿγ֣ܹѷսս⣬ھŤתս֡
ҶΪԽԽߣսѪҶļӳԽԽ٣ЩͽӲãֻΪħڡ
û뵽ħˣսѪȴ
ħϹħͬԴߵҲ
䣬׼սѪʱ˰ƴСҶսеɲǣҶ澶ֱ̤˴֮ѪɫĻ
һ̤룬ʱͷ·һɫһ㣬ձѪɫģе̫ҲѪɫġ
µĴǰɫʯдѪɫɿݷƵľҲһѪɫ
أҶ浱ں̤սѪħɽż񣬵оȴȻͬ
ħɽѪɫģȴһѪɫûκε
ûз磬ûǳ£һжǾֹġ
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΢ָ֦ڲзѪǳĳֹƶţһؾǻ˹һ㡣
һֺĸоѪɫ̫ڶ·ǣһȫһ㣬綼ɶ
Ѫɫ֦ĲƺһĹϵ
ӦУҶĺ鱦׹ڵ֮ԴĪĲһ£֮Դܱߵǰöȱ֮ƣؾͶ˼·һݵ¶ظҶͷ
νĸҶ
ҶȻǿߣں鱦׹İ£ȴܹӦڤڤʵ
ɲǼ䣬ҶЩ۷塢벽ΪʲôҪ뷽跨뿪½
һɲǣҶ泹½Ϲħȱʲôˡ
ҶںʱħɽһߺǼӣô½ϹħѪëʢ
ǣ½Ϲħűʵ
½ӵеһУѪ⡢ҲӵУǽʬһ㡣
ϹħһóѪҺתȫתĻĴڡ
ɱ
һȺɱҶħӾҶ棬һ֧ǧ˹ģħ
ɫⱬɲǣҶͳǧħڡ
ͨħ仹δҶ𣬾ͷ׷ɢʮ˽ڣҲˡ
˽ԵЩºˣҶ֮£׷׻ΪѪɢȥ
ݣ
ǧ׳Ѫɫ·һһ㣬棬Ҷͷ
һɵ꣬Ѫɫ飬ħǧ˽ҲһѪ⡣
ҶȴЩء
һ֧ǧ˹ģħӣҶɱΪɣǣǰ˽¶սϢȻһص߲ࡣ
ǧ˽¶ϢȻߵɢϢࡣ
Ҷ浱ħɽħһΣħɽϹħ֮ľ޴ЩҲ
Ŀǰƶϣôħͳ죬ʮа˾ſܻǿ۷Ŀֲڡ
ңħһ壬۽Խ࣬ͨħЩʮ˽˽ǧ˽ʵҲԽߡ
£ǿħŵذΧ֮УһãҲҪ䡣
ǡ֤˰˵
֧ǧħȫɵ֮ҶʶȥħѪȴסˡ
һûУ
Ҷնɱǧħ䣬ȴûз°ħѪ
ħѪսѪ֮Դ
սѪֻв㹻ħѪܷӳǿļӳܡ
ЩҶ治ٶսѪ죬һΪʵսѪļӳԽԽС
ҪģսѪڴħѪ뱻ĵˣսѪѾס̫ˡ
ҶսѪ㹻Ѫ˵սѪڵѪָܹոնᵽʱǸˮ׼
ȫӳ£ܹҶڵʵ
ƣӳһΣϾҪսѪĹˡ
ҶԭϹħŪЩħѪսѪڵҶôҲû뵽Ϲħڣնɱħ侹ȻûзһħѪ
ҶЩаǰûãһ֧߰˹ģħӡ
Ϣ֮Ҷٴʧˡ
֮Ķ̶̰ʱ֮ڣҶնɱħĿǧùնɱʽһ֣նɱ֮ۺֵȼħ䣬ɢɴѪ⣬ħѪ
ô˵ҵĴҪˡУҶһĿڸ߿֮ɨţͿ֧ɱħӡ
һ֧ǧ˹ģĺּħһ֧ȴ߰˰˹ģĺڼħ
ȻģڼħٵƣɱĽڽڰˣ˽նڼ
ҶĿһȥɵϸӦһЩħɱ֮Ԫı仯ΪʲôûħѪԭ
ڳȥɲǣҶ΢΢һ
Ҷͳλݳֵĺڼħ˽
ʱҶ⻪ãؾͻһλڼħ˽
ϢģҶͳ·ĺڼħ֮УЩʧȥ˰˽ָӵĺڼħϢĻ۵ҶԷĳҶı
ɱ
ҶУһɵǧ׳Ļ泤Ŷİ׼ħһ¡
ɲǣ׼ħ䣬ʮλʮ˽λ˽ڣȫһޡ
ͬʱǱҶһնɱħѪ⣬ȻȫҶ£Ҷ澪ĪͬʱһԵĳҶ滳սѪ죡


1178 һ
ǰһǧ׼ħȫ֮ҶվԭأЩ
սдİٶڼħʣµ˽ڣԷΧҶΧ˲ϢͽҶ湰м䡣
ŵսҶԺܼ򵥣ǽȴҶǳ⡣
ҶʱĸӦ˻սѪǿ
׼ǧ˽նɱ֮ѪҶоԭӽݽߵսѪ죬˲Ϣͻָ˻
ҶӦ֮£սѪɢϢҲһ仯
֮ǰҶĸӦУսѪɢϢ͸һƷ࣬һǧ׼ħѪ֮սѪɢϢѾƷˡ
ײ֮£ҶҵϹħڻָսѪķ
ΪʲôħɽβͬҶĿǰ֪ԭ
֮⣬Ҷ滹һͬ
ҶֱնɱЩ׼ħѪ⣬󲿷ֶսѪ£˹ȥһС֣ȴ뵽Ҷڡ
Ҷħ˽Ϣӵǿ
ҶĸӦ˽Ϣλ˽ϢҪǿ࣬սʱҶѾ֧оĺġ
ңҶǿ껹Ӧ˼һ㣬Ϊ֧оĺ֮󣬾ħ䡢ʮ˽˽նɱĵоɵѪ⣬ֳݡ
һԼռ߳ɣնɱУһСһЩԼսѪɣᱻҶսѪɣһСһɶȴ뵽Ҷڣ׳ҶħϢ
ҶһΪ󵨵뷨
ҶһǿǻǶܴ
նɱħ
ңʱţСģħŽʧϵħҶҲֻԶԶıܿ
£ҶսѪܹõĲ䣬Ҳǳޡ
Ҷһ֧ħأ
Ҷֵһ֧о˶ҶŬ֮££һ֧ǧ˴أ
ʱһ֧˴ɱսѪڵٵ
ʱ̶ֳȵջ񣬾Ҷս죬Ҳ޷⡣
£Ҷ;Ҫ֧ڼħоս̶ȲսѪڵ
ңҶܹ߾£һ֧˵ħʱϹħڣﶼȥá
̽ϹħҶԣûκΣա
ңǣҶ淢֣ڵľϢȻֱܹ׳ڵǸ˽Ϣ
仰˵һҶƾսɱ¾ħϢǧ˽˽ĳ̶ȣڵħϢҲӦǧ˽˽ĳ̶ȡ
еֱӽҶƻĺ֮ǡ
ҪȻҶò׽Ϣǧ˽˽ˮ׼һû»ûһҹصǰǻÿ

һҶѪһӣʹİٶоɱԶ
ЩϹħڵħ꣬еģսıսıܡ
ǵƷ׵ߣսıսǻۻԽԽߡ
磬˽ĳ̶ȣͶսܣϧ۵ĸɵԷİ˽Ȼ󳹵׵ĻԷ
ħǧ˽ָܹʩչܶСģսػذлºģ䴩ս
Ҷ̬һǰֱȻͻ
ǣǿսǻۣҶǿСèǰҲʲôˡ
Сè죬ԶԶķַԲǧľֲ仯Աǿٵ£о׳ҶɢԲܹǰСģ
ʱ䣬Ҷ£ߵĺڼħͳǧˣҶϢѾڳ˽
˵ģȴսѪƷױ仯
ҶɵӪ׼סּסڼססϼ׵ħս𻹲ǧ
ֵһ˵Ҷһµķ֣սʱֻҪҶսѪ죬ѷڼħս쭵ͬʱսѷħѪ⣬ȫɽսѪڡ
£սѪɢϢڷɿţһʱ֮ǰսѪɢϢܸƷˡ
һ߶սѪɢѪ£ҶΪϢԼڿصλǧ˽ΪϢȫ쭵ء
˵ǣҶڰ˽ϢѾǧ˽˵û֮ûΪϢȻߴ￪ء
Ǿ˵Ҷоû֮ڵħıԴҪҶ汾Ҫǿ
ҶħڵѪɫħ޷ҶĻҶ»ħıԴս
Ҷ뵽һǳ˵Ŀܡ
Ҷʹһ֧ڼħһֱսȥڵħ꣬ɳʲô̶ȣ
ҶֵĿֲʵ
벽

Ҷ治
Ϣ֮󣬵Ҷǧ˹ģϼħйƵĺϰöֲĴɵ֮սѪ춸شҶ滳зɳ
Ѫɫ⻪סҶǧڼħʱսѪԵǰһӣ
ɱ
·ХһشҶǧڼħ˳һ㣬Ҷϯ˶˾ţ


1179 ԩ·խ
˧ĩѾϣۣĩоһǧٶʮλĩսǧ˰ʮˣʿǧŰʮˣ
˧ĩ¡
һһȫѪɫħ۳ĺɫ׵Ľ죬ʱϥҶǰŻ
ҶħŸովһսһ֧ߴʮĴţҶһľȴԷһ붼ûУֻа򲻵
ҶһˣԶˣһ˵ľţǸѵؾޱȣͷ¶ðӵʱ䡣
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ҶϹħʮĹģһս
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ͨսǹ̶ģΨӰ췶Χ㣡
Խǿ󣬷ʱͬһʱڵڵԽ࣬תٶԽ죬ͬһʱӰԪԽࡣ
꣬ԭһɲǼһöֻ꣬ĵҶڰٷ֮һ
սѪļӳ£ǿһ˲ȴԳȡٷ֮ĵǿ۳ꡣ
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Ǽӳ֮ﵽ˿ֲɡ
ƺֻıԪо۽Ļɶѣܴ󣬵ûдﵽֲܿĳ̶ȡ
ǣЧһһټһִۻڳɱɱ
ըҩһ㣬һըҩڵϺһʮ׷ԲĴӣôĽըҩһ𣬺Ӧþʮ׷ԲĴӣ

ĽըҩۻһͬʱȼĴӲС׷ԲҲǸʮ׷ԲĴӵ
սѪҶĿǰļӳ֣˿ֲ
Ȼּӳֵĳ̶ȣսѪҲǳҶƣ̶ֳȵļӳֳζûоѪĲĻսѪƷ׾ͻ䵽Ʒ
ּӳһʮΣսѪƷ׾ͻ䵽Ʒ׶ܴ
սѪҶĿǰŹֵһսֻҪ㹻Ʒ׾Ϳ޶ȵĹ磬Ʒܾͻ
һųǧܱһг˵ľţߣʱ
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ڶߣڰˡµǧ˽ɳ£ڼ״
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еҲսָӵȵȡ
̾Ϲħ֮࣬ȴҶָӴ˲١
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ڶߡڰˣ桭
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ѪģߵһӰ
ӰɲǣҶĿٴһ䢣
Ҷ鶸ر䢻̣֮䱾¶Ϊ˵á
䢵ս֮ʱߣȻͷ·ʧһ㳹׵伣
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ѵһ֪Щʲô˵ϹħѰʲô
һɲǼ䣬Ҷ˾ϣһָԶ޵ڵ´µĴɽ
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ΪǿɳսѪǰȥ
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սѪɳɲǣ˽͸ű޵ڵɽȥ
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ҶѾԶԸ̵Ͻʹ䢣


1180 ռͨ
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Щħƫƫһ˷һ㣬Ҫֹߡ
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ֱ仯ʵǺģԽµͨʿʵԽǿ
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㡭Ҷ棿
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ϹħĿǰΨһܹصĴ½;
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ˣӦþˡ̵ĵλϹħûж
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ʱҶȴû̫ʱһһѯЩйغĴ½顣
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Ҷ㣬ƿصȻϸϸһһ˽Ĵ½
Ȼϣô˧͸һ·ſ꣬ԹԵܱ˧ĿƣֻҪе棬˧ȫ㣡ҶֱҪ
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׵ķſ꣬Ҫκεֿ˼Ҷ潻ţתĿһɫⶤ
Ҳһɲǣ䶸䢷ſлϯҶɲǣ˲ϢſڵɫıԴѪƷǡ
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ͬʱǧķ·ǽһµҶǰ
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Ӧǧħͽֱ⽬
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䢵꾪ֵļ


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Ϊһսʮ˵ĴһħڣûɱСè
ȽƵǣҶһ·ɱģµħһֱڲ䣬ҲһֱģΪֹҶµħҲʮһͷѣֵʮһ˽
ǣҶһ·նɱɱħֹ
ҲһսսѪɢϢﵽͻƵ˻ؿڣﵽƷס
ȻҲǷɿš
죬ҶȴǷǳż
ۿϹħرյİ֮ڽĿ꣬ȴһû֡

Ԫ˧Ҿǰһ֧˵ĴΧԤưʱ֮󣬽Ҿγɳ׵ĺΧ˫ħ
򣿶ʮҲҶǳһ˿޵Цݣλûģ
ɱɱɱ
ʮһλ˽ͷŭһһ˳𣬺ɱ졣
Ҷһ£ҶⷽƷɿչʱ֮벻ʮҶɱ߶սѪӳֵʱ򣬶涸طɳһǧ˵ͳ˧С
Ҷ𾪵ǣħͳ˧Ȼԣ


1183 Ƿ
ҶνĿԣָν˵ÿһħ䶼ὲ彩Ӳ
ͼħʿ䣬ͻἸеʽľ确ŵɱȵȣʮ˽˽ȣľֻ༸֣ħʿ
ǧ˽˽һЩı紫ȣһ׼Ľ죬½졣
־սָӵȵȣû˿֮⣬ȫһľ½졣
ǰҶһ·ɱϰٸŵͳ˧ȫˣǺϸ׼ľ½죬˾·֮⣬˵һ֡
´ġ
ǣǰͻȻӳҶǰĶʮһ״ͳ˧ʱȴֱ׼ľﷶ롣
ħ˧ţ˧Ͷȱ˧һͳϹħ֮󣬱˧Ըħ㳹װǰһϹħ
仰һʱҶӡ
Ȱ
ħ
ЩҶϰħ˧δй⼸ۣ˲Ϣǰλħħ˧ӵ˻ԡ
ҶϸĴ˶λħ˧
֧ʮһͳ˧ģҲҶ֮ǰģ̫һߴʮףһֱ۷ǳķط𣬿ȥ̺ž˵ıը
עĿģȴ˫Ŀдŵĵֻۣн˸ڵֻֻۣ۾ȴΪϸС
ǰħ˧վ˶ܴҶһεѹ
Ժһμ䣬ʱӿ
μ䣬ǵĻ˧йħսֵħļ䡣
ҶûϴĻǰħ˧ӦǵĻ˧еħ壬ħƵ֮Ϊǿһħ塣
Уħ֮Уǵֻ⣬ôħеĻ壬ͬʱҲħ֮еĹ塣
֮ǰħ˧ʮа˾һħ壬ҶһǿǷͬСɡ
Ҷһڶħ˧Уȴڷ㣬
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ҶȻ俪ڣȴħ˧һӴһȴһָأһȵģ
ܳħ㻰ΪʲôӦ뼤ŭ˧׵Ļħꣿħ˧žŭ
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һƣħ˧Ĵֹͣ˽
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Ҫս˧ԣ˧Щ¶ÿɱÿʱÿ̶ֻɱ¾ԣֱĺ¡
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ħ𣿡
ܸܲңͳһϹħô£ɻҾͿԿǡҶֹħ˧У˼ײ
ħ˧һָסǾ޴ޱȵ°˼һ£ҲգʮһħҲټİսˡ
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ˣ˧Ѿ⣬µĴͶɣ˧ԷΪ˧µһλоܹܣԿԳɾ
ħ˧ûע⵽ħ˧ŵԽԽ࣬ҶǣȴǸһ˿Ц
΢սѪ͵ؾͷɵ߿УӭչɲǣսѪͷ͵ǰһ㡣
ǧٴδսеĺڼħ죬еĺڼħ䣬սѪǰ͵㣬ʲô塣
ɱ
Ҷرɫ쳹
ݣ
ѪɫʸˮһŶħǹȥڴͬʱսѪɢѪҲҶĺڼħȫס
ŨѪɫ⻪Ͷ䵽ħʿϣħʿɢϢʱʵһ˲ʮ˽ˮ׼
ŨսѪ⻪ֵʮ˽˲ϢϢͿ쭵˰˽ˮ׼еĺڼħ䣬ʵһɲǷٵ
з·һ㸲ǹȥʸսѪ⻪£Ҳ˲Ϣһ࣡
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ĿĶƮսѪ죬Ŀ⣬Ǽ˹һ㡣
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ִģļ긲ǣʮֵĿֲġ
һ֧ʮ֧֧ǧ֧֧û£ʮ֧أ
Ҫ֪Ҷ֧µĶʮǵء
ͲھսѪӳֹÿʸܶһħ仯Ѫɢ
ҪǺʸһ˵Ļǰλɢͨ񾳿ֲϢħ˧Ҳܲס
ҶսǺķḻǳץǰս
һ£֮һħ󲿶ȫǰħ˧
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ħ˧ͬʱŭУһħޱȵѪ⣬ħ˧ǰ
ʱҺ쳹
һ䣬ħ˧ǧֱʧһ룬˧˽Ҳλ
Ĳҽޱȵħ˧һ촰ѪɵսѪ죬ħ˧Īһ˿ɫڻ·ٵĺˣ
ⶫĳЩʱģħ˧һˣ´ƶ˺üĽҲࡣ
۵˧ˣɱ׷ɱڶһűͳ˹ȥ
ʱģҶһһŨսѪѪȥʱúڶ绢Ϣٴͬʱͷ·һںɫһ㣬ֱڵо俪ͨ
ħʱҡ
սʼ
ʱ֮һ˫ĴҶǰ˧о䱻ֻ۵˧ǧĿǰΧʴ˧Ƿ


1184 ħ˧ѡ
ͣ
ħ˧ĳɫɨܱΧİ˽ǧ˽˽ϣҲǱŨḯʴһ㣬˲Ϣ֫ʧ
һʮ˽ħ˧ĿֲĳɫУҽжͻᱻֱӺɱ
ܼļꡢħڷ·ˮһй£ϵħ˧Ե
ɫõɶҶڵĴϢţħ˧ĿѾһ˿־塣
ħ˧ֲ̫ˣ
һֱĵҶλħ˧ɵѪɫħҪôһ£ҶɢϢͻͨ񾳵
ǰħ˧Ϊʵʵͨ񾳵Ϊ
ڴ֮ǰҶԿʵΪΪߴ￪صǧ˽Ҳ׺ɱһ㡣
ϹħڵħΪϢȻֲսһͬߣȴǲԶ
ڣҶħ˧ϢߴͨһأҶͨһصħ˧ϢͨһߣҰܣ˵ǰλħ˧ΪϢߴͨأλҶȴһս֮ûС
дڲ࣬¼Ҷͻᱻɱ
ҶʵΪʱȴһҲ¶ҶʵΪֻпأ¶ǰλħ˧ƴҲʰҶ档
µħ䲻սҶǷ鴤
ʰħ˧ĶʮһҶµĴҲŲѡ
ʱʱ䣬ΪΧħ˧ҶµĴѾһ
ڶСģ

Ҷ۾һɣһһŨޱȵѪʱʹսѪ
ħ˧ս̫ˣÿʱÿ̶ҪиȥһֱҶҶ½ľλ˽ڶ
֮ǰսУҶµ˽Ѿλ
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ҵǣҶսѪѪ͵ļʱںڶħ⳹׻֮ǰսѪѪĲ£ŵ˺Ķȥʱ̡
ֻʣһԴĺڶսѪѪ·ɿĻָš
սеħ˧սѪ죬ȴһ̿ˮȻŭУħһɨʱնɱǧħ䡢ʮ˽˽ǧ˽˷ˡ
սҲûУĹħ˧ܵѾǧ࣬ħ˧ȴӵķ
ҶޱȵĸӣƵ׹⣬˼Ϣ֮Ҷ涸´һпޱȵ
󷽴ǧżħʱѪɫ⻪һǧħͬʱ׼ϣɢһݵϢ
˧ս˰벽ߣɱ⣡塢ڰֻ
´ɲǣΧħ˧ܱߵĽڼħͬʱŭƣõĺ塢ڰ˷ˣԭӦȥ滻ĺġھȴûǰ
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û˵꣬ħ˧ͱħںµĹ⻪ûˡ
һͬûģҶµĺڼħ
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ǣһȺֻгսսħ֮Уܹ˳ޱȵִȥ
ҶĿǰ뵽Сħ˧ķ
۸Ǿʵ޷ħ˧ԿΨħڼȺܸɵħ˧
Ⱥټľ꣬ƺѵڻѡ
ԭҶûʲôġ
˿̿ħڵļȺ֮£һŭųħ˧ǧ˽˽һԼֹħ˧뿪ȺΧľʿǣҶ͵س鶯һ¡
һݸУʹиͷ
Щħֻսܣûһ˵ǣȴǡľˣ
ηľˣ
һ־Υĸоʹ࣡
ҶĺʹΪһϸͳ˧ѵѡ
Ҷµֻࡣ
·̳һѪ⻺ɢȥ¶ħ˧Ǿ޴Ӱ
ʱħ˧ܱѾûһˣȫ˷ɻҡ
ħ˧ħ˧ܱߵҶµħ䣬ʱдģǧ
ħ˧ԼҲõģͷһöȭͷСӣ⻪Щ
ħ˧ţҶɫؾ䡣
ǣˣҶͲܹκθ֮ʡ
ҵĳ鴤ţҶٴ´˲ֵҼȺ
һӣħΧħ˧Щ˽ǧ˽ǲҪһħ˧ֻΪסħ˧һɲǣȡʱ䡣
ͬʱ󷽵ǧħѾʼɿĳ׼
ڰи߸ߴħ˧һ۾ͿԿսľƣ˲Ϣ͸Ҷͼ
һɲǣħ˧ͳҶ氧
ӣǸӣˣҳϣиɵҵĿܣ
Ͷ䣡
һħ壬䣬뽵
һ߰ħ˧һֹͣ˷ֻӲҶ´ĹͬʱҶһΪϵ뽵


1185 ɫ
˵ʵǸ뽵ĶҶ沢ʶȴˣǰһˣҪͶ
һɲǼ䣬Ҷ滹ôһ˿ԥնҪҪô֪ᷢʲô⡣
Ҫħ˧̫ǿˣͨصΪҲϹħڣҶڵħ˧֧ţҪȻҶ濪صΪжԶܶԶ
صߣͨ񾳵ĴǰǾԵϡ
һ㣬ҶǰѾˣΪħ˧αͨһΪǰڵ߶ϡ
ԹϹħģڴ򽵣ԻȡĻᣡͬʱչ֮ĹأԼĵλ൱𣡡
ۿҶɱȻħ˧ݷַģԵͬʱͷǿɢĹ⻪ȴǵֵס˷Ĺ
Ȼƴħڲ㣬ħһֺܹɵҲ˵
ɰǧͷ˲ϢʹҶԺҶ淢ݣ߳ɵĿܳ׵ɱǰħ˧
ǣôħ˧Ҷûκκô
ħ˧ܹӳ죬ϸƺҶûʲôô
¾ζ벻ǰħͳ˧һ
ֻҪҶ治ɵ͵˵Ϲħڷ飬˭ҲɲҶϡ
ϹħһرգֻҪҶ뿪ϹħһУҶ޹ء
Ȼǰħ˧뿪ûʲôôɱûٺôôǽͶ̸н׵ĺá
ħ˧ĴָҶҲ֪Ĵָܲǧħڵĺ´
Ҷһ֣ϵ½ħ˧ذΧסĺڼħʱֹͣ˹ɽذΧڣһκ춯ȥϡ
һλǧ˽ֻ׵ľ룬Ѫ۾Ķӵ˲һͨڷһɲǣλǧ˽ҲԿԽк
лħӣ£ħ֮ǹأʤȨָʧ¿Ա꣡
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ôպҳǰɣҲ¸㣬ҵ˼һ£Ҷ汨˴ǰõĻ
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˽˳ϣҲҪΪǹ֮Ĺأ
˱ᣬ˽˳ΪҲҶ淴ʵ
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Ҷ浭Ƴħ˧һۣսѪѪһʱͽҶУҶɢϢӵĹء
ˣϲϲˣһҳϵūͣеĲƸ˵ġ
ڣ·һǱҺһǷſ꣬ƸΪūҶ˵
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˵һЦߣµѪѵûȫħһԴɫ⣬ɽɱһ
ΪֹЩĴڣҲ޷ūκһħ壡£𣿡
˵꣬ħ΢΢һͷһҪʰɫɫⶸԺ֡
Ӧþνɫ⡣
һɫ⣬һ޷ݵı֮о͸Ҷ鸮֮е꣬޾ɫʱ;Ҷ꣬Ҷ㱣
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ǣҶĸӦ⣬ħȴǳС
Ҳɫǳǿﵽصˮ׼ɣҶغǲԶˡ
ͷһɫⶸشҶ˫֮к
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ò˵⾪׶ɫ˺Ƿǳ½ǵڶء
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˷ұʱ䣬Ҳ⳹׵Ļ㣡ҶһָһǾٴͷը졣
һɲǣ໵һɤֹͣ˿ĨһᣬһҶȻҪ׳ֵָͷ£ɱңǣΪħ֮Ѫ߹Ĵڣǲū͵ģͷϵҲУҪ
⼸仰˵ǴȻҶ涼ˣһɲǣͱޱȣȻҲħѪĹ壬Ӧ׵ģѪĹ壬һΪūǿͷϵģҲ춯صĺ
ҵļˣҵĸĸϰٸֵܣᱻ¾ħ̨ģţ춼Ǳ׸
ţңԼЩҳҹǧòޱȵСǣйҵĺۼᱻ׵Ĩɱ
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㿪ʱΪ˼ҵĸĸЩ޲͸ɵֵǣһҴģħ˧˵
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ʲôħ壿
ȻޱȻޱһħ
ǧòޱȵħСǣ
뵽Ҷ治ɵôһǰһҵħС㣬öֲ
˵帶ҪԼ൱
Լ۰ɣʲôļԼɻϣ˼һ£Ҷ˵


1186 ĳ
Ʒʯʮ飬Ʒʯһ飬Ʒʯһǧ飬ħ֮䳣õ𡣡
ΪΪħһħݣϸӹħū˽һħŮūħū
ħһزħʵÿʮţħز׻ʮ
֮⣬ҽħݣһǧħʽĲϣħħȫħĲһף
˼һᣬħ˧֣صıһ롣
룬Ҷǳ鶯ѡ
ҿҿǰһԸģҪǻҶ棬ôĿ
Ҷ棬ҪϰƷʯҪǼʮϰټƻĲϣڿ˼ҪһЩҶ֪ĵرͶˡ
ħȫħһףҶԼʡ
⣬νʼ磬ţǰҿסǧħںһף
ͷţȫƷƷףϧģȴˣԭɹȥ֮ܽһħȫΪƷġ
شҶ浹һȫ׵ħװ
ҲҶʮħսѪӳ֣ҪȻҶ棬վҶ䣬ҶҲǺ䲻ħķ
֮⣬ҶνħʵҲܺ棬ħū˽ȵȣȻŮūҪҲա
Ҷ澪ϲģȴ׻񰡡
ǿ˲õĲϣֻҪӵһ׻񣬾ܹ侪˵
ƷĻ棬ȴֱƷ𣬷ǳĿֲԵ
˵Уǳ
ǵĵĻ˧ö޷õļƷϡ
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ⶫҶҶоǡ
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ԶԶħħۣӦٷٱٱҶһָͷ
һڴЦݵĽħ鶸סѪħ岻٣Ҳ֪ҪػǮĵ
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ǾҵķӦɱĲҽҶЩε˱ӣļӼǲ̫ˣ
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Ŀ⣬һ䣬æֵѾߵˣЩ⣬ǴңҲټӼһֵģ
飬Ҷթֵ뷨
ˣڣ̸̸θ⣬ţ˺Բ߰ɣʱθңҶʵ
ԣЦˡ
򵥣ңħһĽħΪµķ²һֱڸߣֱҵļ𡣡
ҶɫѿַɿĲһ䣬ҪãϹħҪرˡ
ʱһ뿪ϹħҵļӵҵĴ֮󣬾ͻˣ
ʱ򣬸¾͵Žձǣ
δ˵꣬Ҷͱɱޱȣļ𣬽ͨ񾳵Ĵڣļǻ˵ã
ҶǸǰȥǲԸ
ǣ飬ȴûκα˼ޱȡ
һ£Ҷ⵱еԭί
ǽҶ浱ͬѪħڣŻ˵
ΪҶͬѪħڣҶħ壬ǾԲηġ
ǣƫƫҶһ
˵𣬾²뿪Ҷ涼ʮҡ
˼˺һᣬڽħЩŹֵʱҶٴοˡ
֣ͬΪħһԱⱾӦͬ飬
һҽ棬ʤˣַǳİħĹؽҷǳĸж
ԣҾá
Ҷ˵ĸж۾ﶼðˣѵҪˣ
ҾüȻѾ㸶˸߶ôҾ񱣻ϣҶһ壡
ԣҴȥȻＯ㹻֮ңҶ˵
һ׵ĴסˣҶĿⶸرޱȵĻȡ
ģ
ûЦɣ˵ģԼˡ
ΪħĹ壬Ȼɡ
ǣκһħеĹԣһԶ޷ϴˢĳ裬պǨϣΪ޷ϴˢĺɫӡǶӰ졣
򲻵ѣûһħ
ҶĿȴ˷ˣ
ΪһˣȥǸڼ֮ǰ;Ľħ
Ȼҳʶ룬Ӧҿĳ⣡Ҷ˵
⣿
û⣡֧һ²࣡һ챾ԴӡǵĽ飬ȵȣ׵ģҶѵ
ףھ͸ĳ⣡ĻЦ


1187 Ϲħ񴫳е
Žħ˶һѪȥҶһ˾ͬɢ˼һ̱ڵأڴڵĴ֮࣬罬
һͨ񾳵Ŀֲڽףд˽飬顣
뷽Щ飬Ҷһĸо
һλͨ񾳵ĴڰҶ󾳽Ŀֲڡ
ðôķգջҲǾ޴ġ
Щδ֧дߵĶԶǺܳһʱڣҶǲġ
Ҫ
Ҷ治Ҫˡ
ڸղţҶѾӽħĴָԿһ롣
ʮƷʯƷʯһǧƷʯʯջ񣬾Ϳƺˡ
Ҷ˽⣬½ļƷ龧ǺĴ½ƷʯôƷʯٶ鼫Ʒ龧
һǧƷʯļֵ൱ʮƷʯһǧ鼫Ʒ龧
һǧ鼫Ʒ龧
ҶǰеĲƸԼĪǧƷ龧ȫһɼƷ龧Ҳʮ鼫Ʒ龧ѡ
˵ҶӽħϵõʯҶǰ½ƴõĲƸܺ͵
ڣҶǸ߸ϵ̬ôġ
ںĴ½½ľƧƧ㲻ϣֻƧһݲĻĵء
Դʵ̫ѷˡ
ҶĴָѹγϰҩÿһ֣½ǧѵһϹҩ
Ҷƣÿһҩóȥܹˮlɣ
֮⣬ĴָлкüƤǿķ˵ħΪħʦĸǿƤ
ÿһаޱȡ
һɢīɫ⻪Ļ޶ֻҪ˺Щħʦǻһĳʮϵľ綾Ϲ޵ıԴͻᱬ
һ˺޿ײľ綾÷Բʮ֮ͨµʮϢ֮ڻŧˮҲᱻΪ綾ɢͨ񾳵ߣвҲжɥ
⻯޶ʱҶһҿϹħڣ⻯޶ԴѪɫħ۳ɵħûκãһֱûжá
ҪȻ˺һţʱҪҶС
⻯޶Ҷ淭˲ʮţÿһŶޱȣҶ亹졣
ЩҶջ
ҶջӦǴĿ׳йϹħһЩ
ȣϹħֻǰһǿеСϿգһϹħ
ϹħЩݺĴ½߳ƵϹħ֮вԹԱΪͨ۳ħ
ͬϹħ۵ϹħҲԲ̬ͬǧٹ֡
ͬʱЩϹħϹħҲħĲƸҲǵħΪص֮ء
ЩϹħÿһӳһΣܹħħʦطӦ׽巽λȻͨطһռͨѡľӢϹħܿ
ǿܹͨøϹħϹħ񴫳С
ħΪħÿһӵս͵Ϲħġ
˵õıҲǱ
һαϹħȻһδħϹħ¼гֵϹħ
͵һȫµϹħǳã˵ֻҪܹŻȥϹħʵϱܹһݲƵľ
ǣм¼й̽ϹħǰϹħһ֪ԭͺѻõϹħУƾ
ǣȻĳӵԶѪħ徫Ӣ͵ͬһϹħڣոշһߵʱ򣬾Ͳ̭
Ȼһ㣬Լ뷨ˡ
ֵνĶߣ۲֮ûǰϹħϹħ񴫳еһܡ
ԣǰϹħֵħҹսƶϣϹħӦһλǰɱսпͳϹħ
ҪȻֲ꣬ɲʲô˾ܹ۳ġ
Ҷ棬ȴܹ׵Ļһ֧ħͳ˧ָȨãָܹµĴɫħһͳϹħ˵ǾǻϹħϹħ񴫳е
ƶҶͷ֮࣬һɻ
Ǿһ·ħɱ·Ϸ˲ΪµߣЩߣһıˡ
벻ͨǣһ·ֵϹħôô߳أ
ҲΪһ㣬ڸҶ̸֮󣬲ٶ뿪Ϲħ
ΪÿһϹħһ߷֣ͻ᲻ϧһд۵Ĵݻ٣ȫݻ١
ÿһϹħֻҪֵĴ㹻࣬˵һξͻᱻĳһλħϹħĴС
ÿһϹħĴ䣬ȵǿħʵ
Ϲħһ㶼֮Уĳ˵ġֻǶħСϿգٻᱻ巢֣˵ǳ塣
ͨĳϹħߵʱ򣬾еǿɱ׵Ĵݻٵʱ̡
Ȼ˵ϹħֵΪǳͣʧȥ˺ħ䱣Ǿ뿪
뿪ͬʱҶһҶСһ㡣
ƺΪҶȵķ뿪֮һΪֵ꣬˵Ѻ״̬
ɻҶȴ
Ϊ½ѹһĴ½֪ĲȱС磬Ϲħ½Ͽգ߷֣ȴǿǰݻ٣ͺġ
ԣߺҶɴҡڵĴŴǰС
вʱ䣬ϹħҪرˡ
ʱ䣬ҪϹħڵħһͳϹħѹܡ
Ҷţ´һ·ֱ壬ֱԼӦԼħڵķλѰҵԼʧħ
ҲָĿռͨķ


1188 սѪ
Ҷϣļоѹû⵽ʲôĵֿ
һ·Ĺģħţûгһˡ
Ҷ潫ųǧԲǧ֮ڣҲûзκһ֧ģ˵ħ
ԭûãҶ͸ˣħ˧µĳħɱķ
һ·ǿħţϱɾˣ̶̼ʱڣԭҲ޷Ӵħš
Ҷ֮һ㣬ֱϹħĸء
ڵʱһа׸µսݳҶеʱҶһ֣ʮħʱ뻮һֹͣǰ
ҶУʱд𾪡
ɣۣҶӦսѪĲҶ涼ȷǰ޴սݣǰߵҶħ
Ҷ͸սѪ죬ܹԼǰħߵΣ߱нϰֻħĻꡣ
ǣԲҶϤħ
ڹѪɫħ£ҶϤħʱѾ׵ı·һħһ㣬Ŵء
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ΪǣЩħ䷢Ҷĺڼħ꣬ͻҶĺڼħ
ӽЩħͻὥһߺڼףΪҶµĺڼħһԱ
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ҶԺнǱܵıųЩۡ
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᲻ЩҶҲ뿪ҶϹħһǳ֮С
ЩħԲԲȵʮ꣬Ҷ棬˵ʮ꣬һ꣬¶öˡ
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ħҶ汾˵޷ɵľнЩֻǴħĻ꣬Ҷħ˧ȴɵľнЩħĻꡣ
ò˵ٶ̫ˡ
뿪ħʱĹҶѰ˶ʮֻħĻ꣬ΪķȣԺԲơ
ռ䣬Ҷ͵һԸţҴģʮŲãⲻɵ𣿡
ҪҶµʮųȥÿһ֧ǧ˶ֻнһֻħĻǳĿɹۡ
һˣҶεתٵĻתפħ
λתͬʱҶ滹Щա
Ҷ뿪ħѾʱˣԭʱͲˣһתҪ˷ѵӽʱʱ䡣
ҪҶѾֻܹħĻˡ
һߺڣҶһԳΪϢߴͨһصħ˧ǰ
ΪϢߴͨ龳һصħ˧ķٶȣɱҶ汾Ϊķٶȿ¼ϻӥƷҲǲɡ
Ϊ˼ӿٶȽʡʱԻøħĻ꣬ҶֱӴ߶սѪԼӳٶȡ
սѪɳɲǣҶͷһ˿ԵӦ
ʶһߣսѪ춸طɳһѪ⽫Ҷס
Ҷƾʧ
һɲǣҶֱӳ֮ħڣ


1189 뿪
ǽ˶Ϊλǧ˶ΪСֶӲ׽ħĻ´ȥҶЩ𾪡
һ˲䣡
һ˲Ĺ򣬾ʹӼⷵħڡ
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սѪȷʵδ֪Ŀռ䲨Ӧǿռ䷨֮ġ
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˧ڵʱ򣬶ȵشսݣר
ڶ˧ٻר֮ȨУоϣ̫

һһʮҶЩ뿪ħȻٵĳеѪɫС


1190 ̫ƽ
ѪɫУҶֻһᣬϹħѪɫǰʧ֮⣬ȴЩۡ
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1191 ĺ
ݣ
ɰɫħѪǳͷ·һѪɫһ㣬һ
·һ㣬Ϊ԰򺣴˷ĻֱӱһǳǧѪɫһ롣
ɲǼ䣬򺣴뺣̸֣УƬˡ
򺣴һģӡ
ۺɫףѪɫħʴ£ɿڣԭɵķûӳ
ҶǣһΣӾȻһƷףĺЩۡ
һУھԵʵǰûκô
ӵǼƷףҶһ롣
ѪǳƷҲһ顣
Ӷͷзֳʱ򣬽ӵ۾ɵԲԲģƺҶôֲʵ
һ֮£٣鸮ӳ
黯ӣʱ͸˹һ㣬ֵļţ߶һʬָϵĴָ
ָڣı
ڴ֮ǰζ벻Ҷֵ£Ȼ߲һУ
ӵ뷨ǺõģҶȴԲĿõָ
ҪýߣҶѪǰ׷ˡ
뿪ϹħӵĵһɲǣҶԺתܶͷ
صΪǿҶƾſصΪɫƾǼҶƾԼΪҲŻʧǻɱӵĿܵġ
Ӧԣ̶ϿҶʵ
ǽӲһ
Ҷ֮УҶҪĺеһ룬Ҷ治ҪܽӣҪɱ߷²пܵõһС
ҪǣһεĻᣬǧѷꡣ
ƽʱ¶棬ʱ䶼֮ϣٻλΪǿڣ̶Ѩ
ż¶棬ӱӵẈ̂һνӴϹħ뿪ȴֻһˡ
̫ѵˡ
˼ٶ࣬ҲҪô˻ὫӸ¡
ָ⻪һһ׺ӵӦŲҽԺ̽ʱͽӵ鸮С
Ȼʧȥ鸮δʧĽӣٻŽӽһʵ
֮˼ɾͱҶУҪǱɱˡ
Ҷչ¶ֲϢлһֲ̫ˡ
ûһ쾹Ȼᱻһֱɱ
Ҫ֪ԽӵΪѹ½ΪĴڣΪܹ߱ȼӵߣ½ȫԲᳬһơ
ңǿӵߣҲǿķǳޡ
½Ĳȱ״޶ġ
ǣƫƫͱҶɱˡ
ֵ߸ʶԵĽڽһʱ֮ûӦͱҶС
ҶסӦĽʱ;ޱȵĺˮĳţӳ졣
ϧǣ̫ˡ
һҶָɳϽӵ鸮֮󣬾ͷɿ
žžУӵ鸮ɿšЪ˹Ĳҽ񶸵رޱȵķ
ҲһɲǣһɫֱӺ˽ӵ꣬ӵҵ
ӷ˲Ϣͱþޱȡ
ҲǺˣ֮׼ȼ꣬ȻˣҪˣôҲƲҶõĺС
Ҷƺϵһ㣬ʵжֱֹֿܵķ
Ҷ棬ңңôӵгԽΪģң֮࣬Ъ˹ĺ
Ҷ漴ҡҡͷǸһ㣬˵ˣһϲ̫֮ʱ䡣
ֻг׵ɱı֤ս
һɲǣµĽӵ鸮ʼһǾֱӺ鸮֮У׵ĺɢ˽ӵꡣ
ɢڱе鸮İ˸˲Ϣͱԭʼ
ҲһɲǣҶĺһӵİ˸⿪Уƺ̺һϤİ
ʶģҶȫ߶ˮ˹ȥ
ԭʼ̺ϤİҶĺˮǰ˴һ㣬ɿĲȥ
һݵʼҶˮϣÿһĽϣԭشһС硣
׼ȷ˵Ԫγɵ籩
̺ĺϢĴҶĺˮһɲǼؼһɫ硣
ɫ磬ƺ̺һתͬʱĺɫȻһǰΪеٶȳɫġ
źɫԽԽ࣬ģǺɫһģĺӰ
צ׳˻ĺӰ
Ӱֵɲǣ˷ۼĺɫٶȶֿ
۳ɫķΧҲԽԽԶ
ңԶĺ֮УҲɳϰٵɫ㣬Ȼ˳ź棬˳ź޴ڵˮһ޷ٶȾҶΪĵĺӰ
ҲûǰϹħľʥ͵۾쳣ɲǣ׷˹ȥ
ǣû׷ʮأӦ̺žޱȵĺɫͳ׵ʧˣþʥԭء
ͬһĹҲǵŰ벽ǿߵĵϡ
ͻȻ۵ĺɫˣɻû׷ȥԶɫͳʧˡ
һĪ
ǣÿһ򣬶Ƶ
һЩϷеߣ·һŵĺɫ㣬۾һ紦þĸо
ǵΪѾ޷ǰˡ
ϣҶڣҲ޷ǰ
Բĺ򣬶ܵӰӰ죬ҺӰ۳ĺɫ㣬Ȼڼ̵ʱڣԽﵽҶߡ
Լĺɫ㵽ҶߣҶܱߵĺӰ֮УǺӰԽΪԽʵ
ģԶԶһһͷ̫ź̾һ㡣
ҶܱߵĺӰʵ壬˷κһɫɲǣһֱڱĿҶ滺۾
һҶĺӰطһǵʣװβУһͷҶ鸮֮еĺǸ֮С
ɲǼ䣬Ҷԭĺرĺɣǻ˹һ㣬ͬһһ㣬Ҷ鸮֮а׳˻
ͬһɲǼ䣬һĪϢˮһӿҶԺ֮У߼ص֮Ҷ治ϲЦտ
Ҷͷһ˿Ӧþĺˡ


1192 
Ҷ΢ŨŨĺˮӿǿ겨𣬿źˮҶ
Լ֮һźˮһǮСĲɫƬɫƬµĻơ
ţһƬƬƬ
ܿģҶȭͷͱֺˮĺɫƬǡ
ֺɫƬķѾ̶ȣҶִ۳ɵĺɫƬȫ뷨
Ŀһһ𶸵شҶؿڷɳ˸ոĺɫƬɿ
Ϣ֮Ҷжϲ֮ɫ
ķ֮£ոĺɫƬʮϢ֮󣬲űɢ
湻ǿģǰ۵ףӦǿϡ
ɫƬʵףҶոյõĺ֮мصĺеһ֧
µĹ죬һƬ׵ɣҪҶ߶ϰٴβγɡ
һɫƬԼǮСǮ֮һûУǣһɫƬĵĺˮȴһɫƬСʮҡ
£޷ѹ̶ֳȵģǺ׵ȴƫƫܹﵽ
Ҷոյõĺڵļأ׵ķǿһףͿԱȵһĻ
Ϊ㹻ǿܹףôԿ
ҪǣҪҶ潫һ̶ȣϵĺɫƬķ̫źۡ
Ȼ̫ңԶˡ
˵ֻҪҶΪͻƵˮ֮ƻǺƵĻͿԽ̵ÿһƬϱߣʱҶ׵ķʱ
ܹ㣬ԳԽ
壬Ǻеľ裬̫źе巨ţһɣֱգ屾
ԻΪ̫źӵ̫źͨ
巨ţҶǰ޳֮еõսࡣ
սעǻٶȣĻָٶȣ
Ϊȫĺ壬սЧӵһ
ǺѶȣȴսʮǰٱ
˵ҶִĴ½ʮ꣬һܹ޳ս壬֮ڣҶһܹս۷塣
ǣͺԣףҪ۷壬˵һ꣬һǧ꣬Ҳܹ۷塣
Ѷȴ󣬵ͬģǱ
ս֮У޳𾭵սһңĻ˧޳֮󣬾ܿݺ¡
ִ̫źĺ壬ս֮УΣҶͲ֪ˣӦò͡
һҶΪ⡣
ٳǿս壬Ǳȫ浫ĺأ
˼һ֮Ҷͽһ׵Ժ
һУڻ˺С˵ȼ󵽴˺Ĵ½˵
սĺüĵرֻе˺Ĵ½ҵ
оСèǿĿҶ淢˷ĺϣв
ҶĿǰʵȻЩˣҲ̫鷳ڣǰҸطеĺá
һľѪҶڵľ飬ħ˧ɢȥ¶ҶıĿ
ԸӦһ£ҶʹƵĳ鴤һ¡
նɱӵһָɴ࣬ħ˧Ǵˡ
һҶħ˧ͨһ۷Ϊֱӵ䵽ͨһغڡ
֮ͬĹΣҶħ˧ΪϢͻ䵽ء
ħ˧ǿǿûв£ȴһԵƷ
һˣҶһ֣սѪ⻪һҲһѪҶ鸮֮Уչ
սѪΪ֮󣬾Ϳֱյ鸮֮ˡ
ĹеϹħѾ׵ʧˣ·δֹһ㡣
ҶսѪ֮ڣϸĸӦħĿռӦ
Ϣ֮Ҷ˫͵սѪҶ鸮֮зɳʱѪʢ
ѪסҶɲǣսѪ⻪һգٴηɻҶ鸮֮С
ûҶ淽ȷʵӦսѪħ֮ĿռӦ
ϹħʧˣսѪħ֮ĿռӦڡ
Ҷǳľϲ
֮ǰֻҪҶ߶սѪ죬սѪܽҶŲƵħ֮ڣҶ»תϹħ
Ҷ汾Ҫ֤£һͷȴҶ֤ľٶҶ亹
λת
ҶͨصϹħ֪еǸѪɫлڲڣҪûתأҶϵʳ棬ò˼꣬ҶҪĶ
ûȷеܹתķ֮ǰǲ֤ܵģҶЦ
Сèˣ
кһиҶ澯Сèʱ¡
αСͬʱһ˵ҶĻ
Сèһ磬һĴָ͵ҶĻ
ǽӵĴָҶɱôˣСèһһʮĽָˣսϵÿһָһֱ̽У˭Ҳߡ
ӵĴָҷ
Ѿթħ˧ҶԣҲˣҶ沢ûϴ򿪵Ȥ
ͻȻ䣬СèХţһƴСĴӵݵҶǰͬʱ͵طһͳĻХ
𣡡
ǡ޴ҶЩ졣
Сè˫˶ĻĿĶҶ޴ͷĻëβ߸ߵը
ǣ
ɻ֮䣬Ҷ̽޴޴ͷޣҶ˲ϢСè˼
СèȷҪѡҲֵġҶٴʵ
𣡡
СèһޱȵĻХشҶ档
صĵͷһҶ⿪޴ŵ˫Զطһ˻֮գ

ХУСèͻһ׹˫ԣ


1193 ׵Ļ
Сèڸһ֮սʤ˽ӵͷ˫ԣҽ䳹׵ĳԵ
ǹ⻹Сèһɶ
ϧǣСèûгκͻƵס
Сèɱ˫ԣΪﵽƿ۷Ϊһͻơ
һСèͻƵףǽԦڵѪͻƣΪһε۷壬һƿҶҲ֪ܲܿͻơ
Ҷ浹СèţСèΪﵽ۷壬һ˽סؽƷ޵Сèö̫
ͻƿʱ
ͬһ龫ֱɰֵʱǼûʲôõġ
۷ǳϡŪҲŪ
´μ֮󣬵Сèˡ
ͷԵСèԴȻһûͻЩʧСèҶ淵ķ
뿪Ϲħ͵ϣʵ򲢲Զ
в죬Ҷͻص˰ڡ
Ҷɲǣ´ҶһͨȻ󳤳һ
ϵСӣ֪СӻųˣϷŵĲŷҪߣϷ޷뿪ɾҪˡ˵
ģû֮ǰҾˣҶû˵
ڷһİۣûҶĻԹԵ˵£ϷϹħʱ˭
˭Ҷʵ
ŷ࣬¥¥ŷ࣬ϷʱǼһϷ򻹲ʮľ룡
˵һת㲻¥гϷŷ뿪ķڸȥ˵׷һƱɵ
ҶĬĶһ۰ڣǰɣûӦȴǼˡ
Сӵ˵仰ϷΪ㿼ǰ
ðɣϷϣϷе뷨Ҷ涢ò˼İڴ˵ⲻǼƻҪǰĴ½
֪ںĴ½ǱߵΣ
½绽ģߵĴڣ˺Ĵ½Ūøϲ࣡
Ϸ뿪֮ǰúõĸһʣŪƻԷ㵽Ĵ½֮Ϊ¥õֶ񣡡̰
ŷϵĲƸûеô࣡ҶûĴ
ǾɱǵСһ˶ܹҸǵ췭ظϷϣӦÿԺɨǵ˵
֪ǰλΪʲôͻȻλ𣿡Ҷʵ
֪¥λ¥ΧİȻ

Ǳ¥Ƽҵϴ¥һ˶ɱģҶ˵
ܣⲻܣǼһϷôǿսһȻ
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ҶĿǰܹʵʥλڣЩȫѹȥӦÿԳ׵ĸǵ
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ʣҶĲ
һ˼ƴ֮£ҪҶͬھ߸ɵʥеļǿˡ
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ڽ죬˵ӱҶնɱûκ˷֡
£˷ֻΪħڡ
ÿһϹħ֣ȱǿҲ伸λϹħڣˡ
ȻϹħڣô˵棬ͲἱΪӸ𣬶ѡΡ
֮ʱڲΪء
仰˵һװ֮ǰǲҶ鷳ġ
ʱΣ˵꣬ʮꡣ
֮½Ҷ޷ĳ޵¥δ֮ǸʱڣûҶ鷳ŵ
£ҶǰĴ½ʱ
˵ûǸŲ˫ͨеϹŲ
ͬʱҶжϣֻҪĴ½ԺĴ½ԴΪٶȣȵ
ҶΪһĳ̶ȣҶٴη½
ʱ򣬲¥ûнڲ죬Ҷ涼᳹׵ʰ¥
ԣҶ沢ðûҪΣȥ¥
ҶӺĴ½ѹԵʵʱҲ
ôһҶδļƻͷǳˡ
ϣ׼һ£һ֮ǰĴ½ִ䶼ʱҶ˵
һһһ꣬Ϸúú׼ˣ
ת䶼ûãҶ÷Ѷһ֪׼ͬʱҶֿСŲ󣬸һŹȥȻҲ
ҶԼҲʼ׼
ȻǳײУԸսֱı£
Ȼʵһϣǿ֮鸮ãҶҪһһ򡢰ݡʵս
Ĵ½֮·ãҲ½пٱϡ
ԣĴ½ϣǧ˿ڶҷٳ顣
ħѪǧսһߣʬɽѪ
Ϊһ£ҶȻ׼뿪ҲҪԼ׼
Ȼ˵ǺŲ˫ͨеģҲ޷ȫ֤һ㡣
ԣҶʱµ׼
Ҷÿ춼ҪһʱǿɫҶһǧ
ʱ֮ҶѾܹǿƷˡ
ĸ֮ҶѾܹޱȵƷˡ
µʱ䣬Ҷ漸ǽȫľƷϡ
ÿʱһƷ
ƵĻΪڸ̵Ƶġ
ЩƷ̵ʵֱ
ϵĳʱƻҶҲֱ߿쭣󼸼ɵʱҶƾʱջһȫµ뷨
ҶԼ鸮ص㣬ΪԼһ׻
׵ĹһĻ


1194 
Ҷ׹һĻڻɳסĻϡҶ鸮Ϊݸġ
Ҫصлˡ
ڻɳסƵĻϣҶƷ
һҶ潫ǰӽɻ̺еƲƵĺɫ۳׵̺е֮ĺɫַǽǿ͵һޡ
޿ɹأԽˮܳ׵ķӳΪɺɫƵԵʣǿ󣬷Ҳǳ
֮ҶԹһȥͻʧһɽ壬ΪˮİԵǿ͡
ΪҶĻ˵İڣ޼Ϊͷʹ
һȥڻϲˣǰԵȴֱӽڳǧףڸ𵴲ѡ
⣬Ҷ涯һָСĵ䧴Ϲľ֮ʮڼ֮صľϣΪСҲΪҶԼһʮ÷Ԫ롣
Ϊľ֮Եʣ÷ԪӵдޱȵľҶ߶֮£Ǿ˾ѱϷ
Ҷ滹ǱܵˣݽߣֻҪʮ÷ԪԼڣޱȵľ˲Ϣͻȹơ
ǣֻá
÷Ԫֲãȴǹ
ΪСԴκһּľҶڵСĿ£÷ԪԽҶеʮָɫľصȫķӳ
ǿõľҹ٣ר񣬶żǿƻİʵȵȡ
һ˲䣬ֻҪС룬÷Ԫ뽫ǧ򻯣ޱȵĿֲ
ʵϣҲмصһֿԷǳǿĻպֻҪǿľҶʦʱںϽȥ
ҶƵԵһ߶ĻʱȴЩѡ
֪ҶĵһҶΪͻƵ֮ȻнԹϬҶнȴԽͨĸΪ
ȴһ֮⣬ͨĹʮֵǿҲûǿս
Ҷһֽϵǽͨĸãȴκι޷ġ
ڹؼʱ̶ΣԤ֪УӦ޷֮ȡ
Ҷ滹ǰ뷨һ
Ʒ꽣ƵַȻõַõĲϣȴҶĿǰܹҵõĲϡ
õҶӽӵĴָҵļƷĽʯΪϣþǿԳܵһƷҪһࡣ
ҪĿģΪպڹؼʱ̷ӳҶһ֮ĸ൱һԵƷҶֱӽΪ꽣
ΪӦ㹻⣬Ҷ滹꽣
Ҷָ˻ɳơ
Ļ˧µĲ֮УԵĲĶ֮࣬£ҶɹĽƵƷƷĳ̶ȣȫ߶֮£Ʒ
ͬʱΪҶڲһֻа׼ӿռ䣬߼Ĺһ󷨿ռ䡣
ڣҪʱ򣬿ͬʱǶſƷײͬ龧ʯȻߵһ˲䱬
ǳǿ
ҶԹҶΪ߶ƵڲĻ󷨿ռ䰲鼫Ʒ龧Ȼһͬ
ֱڵĻףһβʱһ˰ڵĻǵðڷŭ
飬Ͳش˰ڣôžſأ
ֱ
ǹؼʱ̵ɱкС
ֺҲֻһΣһȫҶƾҪˡ
֮ǻɳ׵ĸ졣
ɳ׵ķѾ㹻ˣΨһȱݾȫתʱ̫
ԣҶ水֮ǰƵķڻɳͬһ󷨿ռ䡣
ߵ󷨽ڵϰװһſʯϵ޵鵤
Դȵɳ׵ķؼʱ̣ԷҶ档
󷨿һ˲ȡɾſƷʯʹſҶһ˲䲹ſƷʯڵ
һҶлǳˣлףؼʱ̿һ巢ӳǿսȴҶûͷ
ΪˣҶԭµһ֮Ƴ¡
ϧǣҶһϵ軹̫ǳˡ
¿и죬Ҷֻܼ򵥵лйͨԹһķ
ľϵĹʱҶԴ߶꽣齣ɱľϵͬʱҲͨҶ鸮ԣеתΪϵ֧֡
棬Ҷֻܼ򵥵죬Ҷںʮϸ΢Ŀƣʮ÷Ԫ븽ϱߣؼʱ̷һ
ҶĿǰģֻôˡ
仯ãҪĳԸ졣
һȫ꣬ѾҶϹħһ֮ˣԤƵʱ˰ꡣ
Ҷصĵһʱ䣬࿴Х
ХУһһѶżɿĴ˳ȥ
ǷѶżݶֻһ仰һǰףǰĴ½


1195 ¼ѡ
£Ҷ棬ûԼŮðյϰߣģңϹŲ˫ģһġ
ںĴ½㹻Ա֮ߴһƬĻҵһȥģ
˵߾ߣǲܣǺǣ˲ġ
ǱߵڡиĸףҶǲ㽫ҪǰĴ½ǡ
ֻСŲʮƷʹҩȥ
ҶҪǰĴ½£ĿǰԣǾܡ
ͬģ̶ԣҲǾܡ
ڣ֪µģֻмǧ˶ѡ
µ뷨Ҷһȥģ˿ͷǼ仰
£Ҫһ£ڹȥﲻҶ棬ΪҶۡΪ̫ˣһҶǰĴ½ߣȫǧ˵
ⷬҶֱĴָһ֮һ仰ֱָʡ
ǧ˵ûΪ̫ˣҶԺĴ½˽⣬սʵûбµ
Ƿ³£Ҷ޷ԭԼԻǲȥĺá
ҧҧ촽գ͵˵ͷǰӵסҶ棬ǵãκ£һҪţʲôΣգܷϣ
סҪˣ߳ʱ䲻һһɫʰ쵵ñӣ
仰ֱԶļǧˣȻ֪Ƿµļ֮ԣڼǧ۵Ķǹֵֹġ
صڷ¶ͷһǣҶ涢ŷµ۾ЦİɣΪ˲ⶥñӣҷһúõĻŻ
ˣ뿪̻֮ǲŴ죬Ŀǰȹ̷չΪҪҸǸϵˣԾԵΡҶٴζһ䡣
СӣϷ̣ǧЦ
Уûл֮ǰһٴβΰݣ̳ҲҪܶãҶ涣
һΣǧ۵Щأصĵ˵ͷ
ټˣ
ϰףˣ
һ˻죬Ҷ԰ڵĳƺɹĴӰϱϰס
İڲһҶҶһԶ
һȹˮһķ£Ŀȴһֱŵķֱһ˿ӰӶʱ򣬲Ŀڡ
ѵ׷˵׳־ôҪȻңΪβԸأ
ǧԶĿûжֻǿԶ̾һԸһֻ֪±ũ𣿡
Ҷû׷֮ģû׳־ûа۲ӵķ֮ܶģ۹⣬ϲ𣿻ᰮ𣿡
һ£ϢתߣסȻѡˣ޻ڡ
ˣǼǧվԭأãڳ̾һŮ˰ϲΰɷ򣬶ϲӺϲӢۡ
ǣģҲЩ˰
£뵱㣬Ǻ񰡣ϣҶСӱȵҸɾͣ
̾ϢУǧ۾˫Ŀһ˼ĿԶһ

ʲô˼ҲȥɹɽڣٴμλӵѪڣ׼ԼһǰȴҶЩԾ
ҶԭΪλҪĸԡ顢ˣû뵽Ȼԡ顢кͫˣڱ˲ȥ
ϷˣϷһ棬׳㹻ˡϷԪҲûûˣˣϷҲˡ̾
ͫǰҲûģҵͫΪ
ҵ£ҵİȫģͫһ仰ҶЩε˶ͷ
Դ޵ͫϣȴΪµĴºͫ뿪֮󣬺ͫҶ̬ȣһֱǳ䵭
ҶУܶԷ룬ֻҪ˯ģҶŮˣͫϣΪһ˵ıܣͫҶģҶ滹ͫǡ
ҶСӣͷİɣͫΪȻֻпڣȴǿʮ࣡
ߣֻҪͫĴ½ΪͻһǰδеٶֻҪͫͻضһڣڱ͡
֮㾡ǰȥУİȫģңĴ½֮ĸͻֵĸ·㲻ͬ˵
ûʲô⣬ǾͳɣϣϷϹͷ֮ǰܹǵĺϢ
һԡ顢˻ûʲôͫ۾ȴȺˣڡ
ʲôޣϷûأϷ׵ģȥɣȥɣڻ֡
ǰм£鷳һǰҶͻؿʵ

޷ŹȥĴѣʱ򣬻ǰԮ֣Ҷ˵
ԣ۾Ҳû⣬ô˺Ĵ½ĸѣҲ
ڣ㵣ģֵܣ϶ụģԺݺݵ§Ҷ
ŴӵҲյҶһߣƤЦĵҸֵܣҶֵȻҲֵˣľͺˣûµģ
˵ţֵϻ˵ǲǣ
ûһվԡҶ桢˵
ǾͺãϷˣǼȻмԱ֮ԴεԿǣ⣬ҶҲҶ£ǾһҪͫ
һͫɫʱͱˣڣ㡭
˺ˣ߰ɣ
Ϣ֮Ҷһ뿪ɹɽķ
뿪ʱ䣬ҶЩΡ
йСèͻƵ⣬ڵĻشҶʧ
˵޽ףûѪƵĻֻкĵرš
Сèȴƽͽ׵ĵؽ޵Ѫȴһ٣ٶͻơ
ŹֵǣھȻںһ˿䵭ĺѪĿǰҲСèĿǰûѪơ
ҶСèۣȵ˺Ĵ½ƣ伮ط纣ͻƣѰңչҵġ
Ҷһǰµʱ䣬һ˹ȥȴһµʱ䶼ûϡ
ΪһˣѹǺֱײġ
µЩؽƷļϣҲֱѹ
ҪǸǬ̫ͨǿһţ뼲ϾʧˣȻһ·ãһ·ĳƨ
ǵʱ򣬻ڷŸͣĻ˵һ̵̫ˣе
ͽӵҶϢʥҶߵ⼸λһ㶼İ
ȫϢӭС
Ҷ뿪󼸸֮ʱƺʥͻֹҶ棬Ҷ漷üŪ۵ĵ֮ܰǰһ¼ѡǵ֪ģ
ԣҶסˣ¼ѡ


1196 
¼ѡ
Ҷ濴򾸺ʥ˵ĿЩɻҶ֪˲³ç֮ˣͻȻҪ¼һˣҶЩ⡣
ΪҶ֪ǿߣˣûС
ģ㿴֪ˣ˵ţƺʥֵãɣ
һ仰ͽҶ澪ը˭Ҳûע⵽ͫŲķĿҲرõ
ʦ㣬ɰף
ηɰ׵ʱҶŭʱͱǡⲻǺ𣿡
ȥɰףϻȥϻתȥ
ϣ
ηɰ׵齣ֱӳɭɷֱҶ棬˲Ϣ˵϶һı˪
ҶҲĴһ֮ɿӿı˪
˵Ҷʦܣǵ˰ηɰ׵ȥʲôʱֵҶˣһȥ
Ȼˣ뿪ηɰ˪
ҡ
Ҷ泹׵ˣ֪ηɰ׵ƢȻ֪£ٻȥĺѺѡ
磬ǣôܣôܡ˵ţҶ޺޵Ķ˶ţŭƺʥ
йغĴ½飬棬Ҷһ˿һû͸¶ηɰϵģֻʥˡ
ƺʥεЦЦæҶ֣ģһˣǴ⣡
£ֵҶ淢ˣƺʥ黹пܣһصľʥô飿
磿
ģԴһǰӵϢͳˣԸ츽׻飬ɲ׵飬ǰﻹһƬ츽׻𺣡
ǻ𺣴ڣ츽׻ɽɱĴڣֻҪܴͿԴ츽׻֮лõĲ䡣
˼ȥֻ֣еõɷԿ츽׻飬ԸǴʰ츽׻ıʱ䣬ԣҾ֪ͨ˵ã
˵ʥһ٣ģ֪ڵʲôԣڵõһʱڣǿ뷽跨İʵǽѹ׵Ĵȫ˳
ãչʾһ£ƺʥƲƲ졣
ηɰһϢһĻ͸ηɰ׵
һۣҶǾͳ˳顣
ףƷúױܵƤǧ꺮ΪģƵףǻ֮ΪĹһĻףֱ׷Ʒס
ңҶ۲죬׵ĺױܵƤУƺǺױƤַһ㡣
ֻҪҶԼӸĽǾһƷףһԱƷ׷ܵƷס
ĺĻ磬Ϊ£ƷҲǺױƤֺԵĲϣ߶Ī⣬ɹء
˵ֻҪһηɰ׵ĿǰΪͿԶԿ벽ǿߣǿߵĹ
ηɰ׵ΪһǰΪҶ͹ȥĽΪѾӿ˿غڣȻٴͻƵ˿ء
ʥûٷ
Ҷ澪ȵģƺʥһЦģôΪ׼ıɣֵܼ˼ѹ׻ɫˡ
ң͸ñıֹЩʱ䣬˽¹ͨȥ
ô˰ɣ
һĳ𣿡ҶЦ
ûҶɣҶٴһ
Ҷ汾ҪηɰڵԵˣηɰȴԴҶǰ߹ֱ˵ڴĺͫ
λãһ𣿡ηɰ׶źͫЦ
ͫȴչһЦԣǣǽ㣬ã
ôܣôˮ飬ѵȽ仹Ҫ󣿡ηɰ˵
˵أͫá
ãҿĺã
ʦ㰡䣬ʵͫı󡭡
ҶĲһ仰ʱöŮͬʱתͷҶŭ߳
죡
Ҫܣ

Ҷ泹׵ˡ
ŮΪݣҶһĪĲõԤС

λȻˣǴ˴ǰĴ½λˣڳ֮ǰмԼϣλܹءҶ˵
ʱڣһʮһˡ
ֱǾʥʥƺʥڡԡ顢ͫηɰףҶ棬һΪ벽İ
ԭյԼȵҲԼ֮УȵȽϱϹħ֮ڡ
ΣλĴ½˺Ǳ˰ٰѶ¾ҲԲܽй½˵
λ˵ĺһ½Ĵ½ǿ֪һã½ˣǵúҪΪĳλǿߵū
ң⻹õ££ҪǱħ֪½˶пܻΪǿħսкŵԩ
ڳߵ飬ʱͱޱȡ
ˣصĵͷ
Ҷ֪ԵԼԲûеô󣬶Ҫڳ˷ˡ
ҪϢһй¶ɵĺֱ
һ˭й¶Ϣǽ˵ĹУֻҪǻת½ͽǵʮ壡ʥͻ߳һʱɱ䡣
ڳԼԼ֮
λΪϹŲһֻ츽׻飬츽׻鼫ѶԸ
ԣǽͣʱ䡣
ʱڣʮһ˽ھʥǵİ£ζԸֻ츽׻飬λϣҲҪСģ
츽׻ǳĴһУˣҶ氲ŵ
ڳ֮˵Ķ½Ĵڣ¾Ͱվʥ˵ļ
УЩǿ߲ϵĸ޸սöԸ츽׻Σֱ½
Ϣ֮࣬Ҷηɰ׵ķ䡣
ҶҲˣνʳ֪ζʱлᣬȻŹ
ոηɰ׵Ժڣûţһű˪һֱֱӱҶһͷһı˪
ηɰ׸˰׵Ҷ棬ǻð
ǵҶ濴ηɰͫ欵Ӱʱͷһԥٶ뿪ηɰ׵Ժӡ


1197 
ҶУŮ˾ֵ
ǰηɰ׸ͫΪһûá
֮ѾãңƺҲ
ͫǽ㣬ηɰãңηɰ׽неķǳ
ҶЩԾҶ벻ܣηɰ׵ԸȻ
ĸԸȵģҶԺͫٴιĿ࿴ӣηɰ׷ǲ򵥡
һʥѾźˡ
ʥ˵ѾõĴ㣬һİ벽ĴڣĺȻܹӦ
̫ǿǵǣڵһʱ֮С
ǵֻҪ֮У¥ҲҪ
һʮһߵķǳأֱӴĵĺ뺣Ȼ֮ǱĿĵء
ôΪ١
պ¥Ҫ٣ʥҶ˵ڣǲֵġ
֮ǱУҶ桢ʥηɰ׵ϰˮԹˣٶȷɿ죬ҷǳɡ
ֻǿ˰ں
֮ǱУ纣òˣڡԡˣƾǿΪǿܹϡ
ͫͱȽϷѾˣȻʹȫҲ޷Ҷ˵ٶȣҶ治òٶȡ
ˣΪֻпصĺͫǸļȳĲ˵֮еˮѹúͫǳܡ
˼һ£ͷǰ·ҶһΣεߵĺͫߣֵҴһ̣
ãͫǿŤͷˣûȺͫ˵꣬֫һͱҶ§סһĪס˺ͫúͫޱȵˮѹһᡣ
һɲǣҶʹźͫ·һ˳ȥ
ſң
ſңҲܣͫҵ
ǣͫ½ϻã֮УѾ׵ں˺УصͬصϼеҶԣû˿á
󷽽ηɰЩ֣ƲƲ죬ʲôû˵
Ůӣ˵Ҳ֡
Ϣ֮󣬺ͫ׵ķҲ׵˻ȥʩչһ˿һԼ׵ĽҶ棬Ŀ
ҶЦֻ֮࣬ȫźͫں׼УҶں״һˣٶûκӰ졣
ΨһҶģǺͫǻ𱬵ġ
޵һҹڰ״̬£û̫ļ䣬ڣͫһ࣬֮е¡
ϸӯӯһգǰĲγĶԱȣĿżɨȥҶһ̲סҪϵĳ嶯
ҪǣͫĽ˿ϣɢһ˵㣬ҶҲѡ
ҲҶ涨ǿҪȻ˵Ѿʲôᱡľٶˡ
ٶȲһʮֱ߾룬ںǱ죬;лһСϢ˼ʱ
ò˵Ҷ浱׼ȷĺȷ
ٴһƬ򣬽ƾ躣׵εĲգ޷ҵǸյڵģʱ䣬һƬ׵ĵ뵱뿪ʱѾȫһ
ϸĸӦԼıӡϢҶĺ뺣֮ҵ˵걻츽׻ڻյĳڡ
ҹ츽׻鲻ڳڣӦûص츽׻֮УǲϲĵطڲӦǰȫġ
Ƚȥ룬мɾ츽׻顣Ҷ˵
ڻ̵֮ҽʯҶ̮֮ɳҶ֣ҶС˵Ǹͨ
Ҷϣ츽׻鲢ûһֱ뿪ʱ࣬˷ȫǱڻĺۼռ䵹չ˲١
ܿģҶʹһ˵Ǹ·ڡ
·󣬾ͻֱϹŲǰֱУᵽƬ츽׻̲Ϳ׻𺣡
Ҷ沢ûֱǰ̲Ϳ׻𺣣ȴһǰϹŲ
˳Ｘʮͨһʮһ˾ͿϹŲߵػĻ͸ػĻϹŲƴһµܲһģ˵У˼ѡ
ҶСӣδػĻ
Űڿڣ˵ĿⶼһϲҶ档
ڸղţӽϹŲػĻʮﷶΧʱҶеŲƺھʹĪĲ
ҶʱǰػĻοƵȵȣŲϢһһȻġ
λ˵ûŲȷʵһ˫Ų
ңŲֻһŲ֮꣬ŲǼ˽ܵŲꡣ
ҶĵĶϹŲǷ£֮Ҳв֮
ӿɲǣһӻػĻ
һɲǣػĻһ䶯仯ȻһŻ
ͫȽȥҶ˵
ͫҶ̬ȻΪ䵭ǼǵģԲ֣ԹԵ˽ȥ
ڸںͫҪȥȴҶסˡ
ϰףǸɵ츽׻飬ٽȥͫΪͲԸ츽׻ˡ
ͫڣǸɵ츽׻飬ģҶ˵
ͫԥһ£˵ͷ
ȴüͷ˵ҶСӣȻǿڲ츽׻ϹŲΪʲôֱ󷨣ȥԸ츽׻أ
ԡ顢˵ĿⶼҶ棬дͬɻ
ҶҲǺܼɣֱʵʵ
츽׻ұҪԸģ츽׻Ĺ棬Ҫõ츽׻𣬱ȶԸ츽׻飬һ
츽׻̫ΣˣóȻϹŲϹŲ츽׻顣
һŲƽ֮ǰ޷ƶֺʱ츽׻ػĻϹŲƴƻ
Ҷ滰Ȼֹ˶ͷ亹Ѿ亹
Ҷ˵˳˾Ǿ
߰ɣŲƴ֮ǰǱɵʥתͷ·ȥ
ԡ顢ƺηɰҲתϡ
Щϻͷİε̯̯֣ȷʵ
Ҷ뿪ıӰһ˴ػĻ֮ڵĺͫҧ촽Ǹ顣

ʼɣ
·һ˵ˣ򺣴ʥһ£ɿж
ƺֵܻаڣ׷׽׼õȡԿٷλͬʱ龧Ž̡
Ҷ桢ηɰסˣʼڵ·ͬʱ԰Ƶ龧Ҳͱѻ˶ߵĸ䡣
Ը츽׻ǿֽɱĴڣҪȫ׼


1198 ɽ
¡¡
ըһˮͰϸ׹⾶ֱͨͷƬ̲Ϳ׻𺣡
׹ȥɲǣƬƽ׻ʱ˺Хһ㣬ĸ׻𵹾𣬷·һҶ档
׹ȥɲǣҶͶػһ׹ʱķ򼲳ȥ
ΪҶйԸ츽׻ľ飬һεջҶ
׼
ҶŤ˻
Ȼһӵٶȸ죬ž˵
Ȼ츽׻ΪҲȵ
飬ֻҪ㹻ԴΪٶȣֱ
Ҷ׹ɲǣ׷츽׻ŭļţֱڶİͨۻԣֱԽǣ׷Ҷ治š
ͬһɲǣͨۻ˷ųܲڶΪ츽׻ͨʱɢĿֲ¾ҵĲ
Ƿų󷨵⳹ױ֮ǰӿͬʱȲúõıɷ״
ĵǿޱȵױܵĺ⡣
˷ʢŵĺ龧ͬʱɢɲǼ䣬ͨھһĵɫĺ˪
ͻı䣬츽׻ֹͣ׷ɱҶĶ
ǵҶ棬ǰһǳᡣ
ٴηʱ޲ɱ
ǣҶͻıĸо
ˮ£ĺףһԹĿ־塣
𣡡
ڡʥʥƺʥͬʱ˸ԵĿƵϣ̣źϢͬʱ𣬺ĵ츽׻顣
Ҷͷ׹֣һһ׷·йһ츽׻Ļڡ
⾪ɱ츽׻飬ǣȴ츽׻顣
Ҷʱѹá
׻ں츽׻ло飿
ޱȵˮĵĺױеĺӰ£ֱӱɺ츽׻ڡ
źϢɲǼ츽׻Ļȥʮ֮һ
츽׻һԹּĿ־У츽׻鱾ܵĳķ
ļҡ
ֻлصģ
ʦ㣡
Ҷηɰ׵ɽһϬɷ⡣
ɲǼ䣬츽׻õ˻ȥ츽׻һ룡
󷨵ľʥӿ͵һǣٴγ
ֱӽСŸ׻Ĵ룬Ȼ츽׻ɿ¾۽һ𣬵Ϣһ˲͵ĳɻҪࡣ
츽׻˫Ƶ۾ȼķŭĶشηɰס
˻
һɲǣ츽׻ͻطһŭļС
Уɷ״֮УȻƾĸ׻츽׻Ϣ͵һء
һĻһֱɢȥҶ棬ɫһ䣬Ȼֱ˻죡
ҶУ츽׻·鲻ˬĻ˻ԴСҶҪ졭
˵һ룬Ŀͻشסǰ̲ͨͿ׻𺣵ͨУؾһ
һɸ׻ɵĻ
һͷĸ׻ɵĻǿ˹
ɲǼ䣬һĻˣҶڣʹ츽׻еĻҪǿ
Զľ룬űɷ״󣬾Ȼܹʮĸ׻𺣡
һɸ׻ɵĻ츽׻ϣǽˣ¶Ҫ
죬Ҷŭ
ȴǼĺͷ󺹣ҪҪȫȥԻɿƴˣ֮֮
УͷԳһѪڣһģһţһƽ𣬸ոճɸ׻ɵĻҲ֮Ѫ֮С
츽׻ٻµĸ׻ٶȼ죬˲ϢĹͳĸ
ɲǼ䣬Ƿ˶ĶƤرͨޱȣ·һһڷһ㣬Ũëʼɿıɷɻҡ
Գıǳª϶¶ϳޱʹ顣
Ъ˹ĺһɤӣ͵رͣһգ͵عͨһԣҺ
ݣ
ͨۻԵĹӴſֲ£ֻǽɢ˺ٵһ֣ʣ֮һ׻ֱ˱ɷ״ǽһػĻ֮ϡ
ɲǼ䣬ɷ״
󷨵İڡƺͬʱ˴߶ѹ츽׻飬Ƿάɷ״ػ
һɷ״ػ飬Ǳ˵նɱ츽׻飬Ǽ츽׻ɢĿֲ£ԳŲʮϢ
תΪ츽׻ѹʱ˼¡
ޱȵ츽׻ǾԲŹǰ⼫ѵõĻᡣ
Хһɭɫͳηɰס

߳һηɰ׵ɽʱȫݺᣬ츽׻ֱӱηɰ׵ɷҪֳϰٷݡ
Ҷ󱳱ǣ츽׻±ϰٷݣɷٵĳηɰˡ
ңû˾ʥ˵ѹƺ츽׻±ϰٷݣʵҲû̫
Сģ
ʶҶߺߺɲǣԶطһ⣬һӰ츽׻顣
һŹ⻪ҵ츽׻һηһХХУոձϰٷݵ츽׻ʱ۳һţηɰס
ĸ׻ֱӽηɰװΧ
ηɰ׵ɷ⸽׻żǿĿãʶģηɰ׷ɲˡ
ηɰһˣͽסͨ¶ˡ
һĻҶ汾ܵľˡ
ѳڵɲǣҶһ£ˣʦηɰˣ
ɲҶѣһһȭͷ·һͷͻɽһ㣬ֱ츽׻顣
𣡡
ǵĻХشбظۿɼһ㡣
һۿɼ·һ츽׻飬츽׻һδһδαˡ
ǣ׻ǿֲҲڴʱӡ
һմȾһ㣬޷ȥ
Ȱȵ֬Уһұ۱ɿķٳ˿ɲİ׹ǡ
Ȼˣȴûжҡ˿ηɰ׵ǰ
ɽ
ηɰɷ˸ϵĸ׻ɽһ
ʱ츽׻ٴǰһ㱻ϰٷݡ
һΣ츽׻ٴθԭѾڳİڡƺͬʱŭ𣬾׼Ŀƺ
˲Ϣͽָ츽׻롣
һɲǣҶĺ׼ȷĲסһɢ겨ĸ׻츽׻ıڡ
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1199 ϱ
ƺڡ˿Ƶĺηɰ׵Ҷĺӿס츽׻ĺޡ
Ķʱһһ׼Ө買·ʯһɫ顣
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ҶĺˮԴԴϵĿӿȥʯڲɿڻţֱ
˵ĺ֮£Կʯڲɭɫڷɿš
֮ںĵ츽׻ͱһֻӤȭͷСȥޱȵɭɫ⡣
츽׻Ѿֻʣһ˿ԴˣҶʾֹͣһ̽˹ȥ
Ϣ֮Ҷüͷ
츽׻鲻ΪŰ飬ѹ޷˵ķſ걾ԴҶӡˡ
ſŰĺ޲ϻ
Ҷ᲻á
츽׻ϡ̶ȣֱݡ
˵ģ˵кʵĲϣ츽׻飬ܹƳ鱦
һ㣬˼㡣
˵黹á
˼һ£Ҷʣ±Դ츽׻ʩһΪз֮
з޳鸮ܹ֮ʩչСֶ֮һ
֮ɣʺϷӵһ㷴ˡ
ɹ֮ڲǶ츽׻ĺˮ⣬ȴ
֮£ڲĺˮԴԴϣû֮£츽׻ǱͻƷ
Ҷ滹̫ģǿһһʧ
Ȼ󣬾˳ֵĽö츽׻ӵ˳»֮С
˿ҶĶȴǴ̿ˮ
ϡ츽׻鰡˭ۺ죡
ۺۺ죬Ĺڳ֮ǰԼõģҶ档
ҶɲǰηɰһĺˮӵȥŽұ۰׹Ϸյĸ׻ɾ
磬飬ҶˣҶϱʱͬʱ˵
û˵ҶһֻۣǽӹҶı߸࣬ɿ̷ȥ
죬ôҶߵڵŶֱߺߵǰʵ
һӹȥˣĶƤڣ˸ɭɫ⡣
ҶףԸ츽׻飬ʵؼ
̵˴뱻츽׻ٻĸ׻սѾд
ӴҵĶӰ죬˵ıˮ𣬿졭Ҫ俾ˡ
ԣҶηɰ׻оʥ˷ٵͳ˺ıˮһţٴοȥ
˵Ҳ棬˺ıˮͨĶƤɫȻĻָ
ûãͳһҶ˶Ŀţȣ͵شһ߽һߺ첻˵Ҹղ̫ˣóԡöԵ㲹
ѾˣҶСӣʲôʱһԵİڴߵ
Ҷ濴һɣ
Ҫ죿Щˬ
Ĵ½Ƕԣһнδ֪֮ҪǰδеΣգУÿ˹ȥʱ򣬶۷״̬ӦԿֵܳ⡣
ָ춼ʱ䣬ȫָƵ졣
ߣʮϰ궼ȹˣҲôɣ
ҶĻðǵı͡
ͨۻԡ˿ҶĿ⣬ȴżָм֮ɫףҶ仰ҪǼ˵ġ
ŲػĻھƸԭҶȴǶһ˲·ƬǸ׻̲Ϳ
츽׻飬ôܷŹĸ׻أ
ɫӿҶ濪ʼȡ⸽׻
Ϣ֮ʵʵɫһɭɫĸ׻صҶڡ
Ҷ⸽׻ӴԼֱ͵֮УȻ޳еķſʼ׼ȷḽ׻Ļӡ
Ҫ⸽׻̫ˣƷ׸ߴƷ
ʵԡ֮ǿģҶ֮£ԺˣԻĵֿ˿ͨۻԡ
ˣΪͰԵڼϢ֮ڶճ˰׹ǡ
⸽׻Ŀֲɼһߣû֮ǰҶմһ˿Ҳɰ׹ǡ
ʱҶޱȵսͺˣֻ֮ҪҶһȡ⸽׻ҲͲ˵С
ҵǣǰһƬ׻Ļ𺣹Ҷȡ׻ӵٶȷǳ졣
ֻʱ䣬Ҷͳɹ޳طһö׻Ļӡ
ˣҶѾöˣֱǵ𡢸׻
УԸ׻ĻƷߣƷ
һ⣬ȴЩΣȻ˸׻ӣҶҲԴ߶޳ڵǿĸ׻
Ǹ׻Ʒ̫ˣƷףҶֱƷס
֮Ʒʲ࣬ͷǳһףҶڵ׵Ѷȴ
ϣĿǰҶÿʮݲſһ׻
Ʒʵɲۻһ㣬ˮĥ
Ҷƣ˴ĿԽҪĹųɡ
˵ǣҶǰһƬ׻𺣣ԵģҶ涯ȡ˺ĸ׻䵽˸׻֮С
ø׻׳ʮϡ
£ҶҪø׻𣬿˲Ӹ׻ڳȡҲһֽԼķš
ҶƷʵơ

󣬺ŲڣźϹŲҶһӾͺˡ
ϹŲһΣҪʮƷʯҲʮ鼫Ʒ龧ʮϣļɡ
ţʮһˣҵŲһҪʮ鼫Ʒ龧ƽÿ˰鼫Ʒ龧
һ벻λշӰɣ
ҶУڳ˶Ц龧
ĶһҪǰĴ½ոʮ鼫Ʒ龧еġ
ܿģҶ水պϢЩƷ龧ҲƷʯһһźãһϼһλεĹ⻪Ͷ˵Ųࡣ
·һɲǶĵĹ⻪Ǻһ㣬ȡǽ鼫Ʒ龧
Ϣ
ϢĹСɽİ鼫Ʒ龧ʧһա
·ˮһ˲ϢͰסˣһը֣ŲĹ⻪˲Ϣʹﵽ˼£ɿ
ŲģѾһˡ
Ҳ뿪ĵڣϹŲռϷĺڣֻںع꼻һֵϱͻظ֣Ŀĳĳ̾
ڡ̤·ǲ֪컯Ρ


1200 Χ
Ųƹһ޷ݵĸо
оǰǧֻ˺һ㣬ֱ˺ɷ顣
󷨱Ľ°סۻȴĵֿ˺
Ҷȫ񾭱ĽģһʹϹŲеš
ҶһֱĬĬļŰٵʱǻΧ֮ʧǰʽ̶һֵ⡣
⡭ǵ𣿡ͫӵҶ濴ȥʱ򣬺ͫɫЩףƺǳĽš
Ҷʶȥȥǣ֣ͫȴͫɵĶ㿪ˣŪҶЦ
Ӧõ˰ɡһֵҲЩӣδ֪ܸ˴־塣
ˣ
Ҷܿ϶
֮˿϶ΪҶһֱеĺڴһ
ҶֱͨӿƽµϹŲơ
Բ飬Ų󲻽˫Ų֣Ϊ˽ܵԳ׵Ų
˵׵Ų󣬶ֻһŲ꣬һ໥ġ
½ǸŲڵռ
һѨ֮ڣ͸ػĻԼһͨ
߰ɣ
Ϲ⻪һػĻ䶯ɢһŻҶƬķźɫϢʱ͸סҶȫ
ͷǵףէһһͷһ㣬ȥޱȡ
Ҷ׵ʮ⡣
ȻҶĿǰʵ޷㣬Ҫλࡢͷġдס
Ϊǣؼʱֻ̣ҪҶһ׾ͿԻһλĲס
ᵽ˺ˮζӦڴʥʥƺʥͬʱ˳ӡ
ͨܳ˳ͨȥ̦޺ֲԽԽ࣬ͨҲʪġ
ܿģҶһ˾ͷ֣ǰֳͨıȸ첲ҪֵĲˡ
ļͨۻӿͽͨߵĸֲһա
һһǰУþԼǰ֮߰ǰͨͳ׵̮ˡ
ͨȫʯ
Ҷ˶һۣЩ𺳡
ͨĲʻйɣ½ϹŲ󴦵ͨһģһõǼԼͳʯʯҶȥϢҲ
ˣʯı棬Ÿ󷨷ƣػĻһ㣬ŵ֧ţͨķɱɱ
ͨ£ŲȡĵΪǿҶƣͨ˵ǿߣͨ񾳵ĴڣҲ޷׻ȥ
ǰͨȻ׵̮ˣǶǿһ㡣
£˾Ϊѵ
ҲΪǿ񾸺ƺԡ顢˽ֿôָʯ̣룬˶ʮҵͨ
ͻȻ䣬ǰͨ¡¡ķһ쳹
Сĵ㣬ж
Ҷѽ¡¡ɳʯˮţ·йһй¡
˸ǿߣֲĲУһ㲻ȣֱӳˢŲػĻסΡ
Ҳл׻ţҪȻһҪŪס
ҪǣǺˮ̹ǣҶõ㣬ͫˣѾʼöˣͫ
Ϣ֮ϹŲռ䣬˱ػĻŵĴ֮⣬ȫˮ
ߣ
ҶڻǵˮɢεͫηɰߣҲܶ䲻ϣֱǿŶͨȥ
ԽǰˮޣˮʩҶϵѹҲԽԽ
һǰδеˮѹҶˮl·ĺϿԹǧĺҪ
ǧ
ˮǧϣǴ˵кĴ½еĴҶιƺʥ˵
˿ֲˮѹ֮£Ǳηɰ׵ɷҪ͵¶ȣҶȻû⣬Ǻͫ˶
ɷ˵Ҷ˽ͫ§ڻɢӿȥͫźùࡣ
һԣηɰȴ˷ܵĴ޺ɷ
⺣ˮߣ̺һ˿޺ɷԲǧ֮ڣһһ޺ɷȪۣһҪҵ޺ɷȪۡ
ֻҪҵ޺ɷȪۣҵսĿǰĳ̶Ϸ屶⣡
ҵڡܳ
꺣д˸ʥ괫ȴޱȵŭġܳΪԴż𾪵ζ
ҶһһΣ˲ϢԽ룬ϵ˳ڴ˾ʥǵ
ŶǧٹֵĴڣҶ˲Ϣһַµĸо
ûǧٹֵĴڡ
ֳֳꪵз׵зϺźۼ׵輸ʮ׵ľ޴һͷ֡
ϰֽвȴŸɫս֡
ֳֳ׼Ҷ㺣ǧ
ǵǣǧ㺣ŵĹɢľȻƷϢ
Щι״ĺɢΪϢߣڿкڣǼܲסడ
ڳκһλֻҪǧ֧ƷĳһΣҪ군
˵鶼ޱȡ
ͻȻ䣬ҶŰΧסֿһͨ
һɢźͷϳųǡĿӣһƱɱڵĸϵ˵ǰ
Ҷ˵ͫͬʱһ
ͷ˫ǵӣɢϢ̫ǿˣڳ˶Ҫǿ
ڣⲵΪϡ۵
ˣͷ˫ǵŵİˣÿɢΪϢһϡ
£˵ʱޱȵѿ
ǰǼǧСΧȻ˶࣬Ҳûл·ϾΪЩСѹԵġ
ͷ˫ǵӴ˹֮ʱͱơ
ɨҶһһ֮͵ȺĳһȦ촽ˮ뵽˺ˮ֮С
ȵѪ۹þûǿѪʳˣǡһ֣ͷ˫ǵӾ
ڴʱͷ˫ǵһСϢɭޱȵӣͻسӶ˼䡣
ӵʱ͸˼ɻ֮ɫƾճڱʥˮڲ˱ʥˮ
ͷ˫ǵӴһָǵ˭ܸ߱ʥôƾս뵽ʥˮڲģʥ
Ҷͻ¶һ˿Цݣǰһܣ
ޣ˵
ܹƾճǽһҶЦ
ʲôó
ˢһ޾ͱֱ˳ȥ
һۣͷ˫ǵӾͼĳźһҾȻᵽһ˿Ϣ
ʶģͷ˫ǵľͽԴ˺ޡ


1201 ÷ԪĿֲ
ͷ˫ǵӽ˶Դ˺޲ĿҶĿ΢΢һ޶˵ʮ÷Ԫ룬رĿâӿȥ
һʣ̫ͻȻˡ
֮ͷ˫ǵֽԴյ̫ˣʮ÷Ԫ뼸ǾĺӵԴ
Ҷ˿ûвʮ÷ԪԪĿ⣬ǵĿƾĽľ֮еС
ɱ
УҶֱӾͽոյûá˵ĸ׻˹ȥ
ҲҶ涯ֵɲǣҶһʮλڣͬʱ֡
ȶֵǸʥһ׾췭ظһҷ
һǧˮʱͶ᲻ɶΣǺǧֳֻ깭ˮֱӱˮ˸
в˲Ϣͽˡ
ƺʥǧɫ˿аĹ⻪ǰˮƹȥɲǼͽǧˮ˸ʵʵ
ͬһɲǣ뾸ʥԳ壬ͬʱ
ɰǧˮ뺣ˮһ˿̽˸С
˵ģȥʥǿһѪһţǧˮĺˮͱȥ
ңһ̣ʥһ߾׽ĹҽϵĴǳѪȵ˼㡣
ǱߣͬʱڣɵٸˮǾʥһ㣬̵ֱԼĶƤ֮У̵츳ܳɾ͵ĸǬ
էһƺ羸ʥ
ʵϣȫôһ¡
ʥǾһõĶǳޣ̺ˮ֮ġ
Ҫþʥǰɺĸ׻𣬾ʥԻɿ㡣
ĸǬȴǰ޽ɣƺɶⶼ̡
λһ֣ڳˮʧֱ֮Ӽͨۻԣ˫ǧףֱСһסСȻ͵ؽǶԺһ
Ƕۣҽԣõˮֱӱ⽴
֮£˾Ͳ̫ˬˣηɰ׻СèûɱϼСǰΧǵǧСͱһɨ⡣
δֵİڣȴ۾ɵøĿһ㣬ǰ˻ԣ
ͬ𾪵ģҶ棡
ҶģղźһŸ׻Щˡ
ʮ÷Ԫ룬ں۳ʮĵĹ⻪ʮ˵ĵĹ⻪ڼٵĲţÿһβͽҶڡ
׼ȷ˵ͽҶľڵСڡ
ͻȫǰֻԵıԴ÷Ԫˡ
÷Ԫһ޶Ԫݵá
޶ԪһֲּϵĲ࣬ĳǿƵľԪɳԼ
÷ԪҪӶԪĲ˵ڣſ𵽶Ԫá
ԭҶǲ׵ĵֵġ
˭ᵽ˺ϺϢ˷ܵĲԼֱӽԴ˹ʮ÷Ԫȥ
ңʮ÷ԪСĲ£Ƴ뻯
һɲǣС⻯÷ԪƲһרƼ׵ʵԡ
һɲǣʮ÷Ԫ⻯Ծͺȥ
ǿõľҹ٣ӰޣдǵѪòݣݣȴ޶Ԫݵ
ʮ÷Ԫһɲǣϳɱ
ָĶأָõֲȫСĴ߻£Եڡ
ԡң裬飬ѹԪѪġ
Ҷһ£Сڵ÷Ԫ⻯ֲ꣬о֡
Ǹָĸã˲ϢԱ޷סֱԳ˶ԭΡ
һҶƸ׻𣬼ֱǶһ١
ˣҶڣŷҺŲϵ͡ΪϢ½ԡ
ʮϢĹԭɽҶһԲСһ룬ΪϢҲɿĵ˵ڡ
ڵ˾ͷ·һμҶһ㣬һȫµĿӴҶ档
ôҲ벻ҶóһȻ˵Ŀֲ
ʵǰڣҶԼҲ֪ʮ÷Ԫ˵Ŀֲ
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ǽһã׵ĽС߶֮£Ȼ˿ֲ
ֱӽһλڵĴĺ޻֮Ȼ֮ӣܲɡ
һʮΪһܡ
һ˲䣬ҶЩڣΪʲôʮһ˸÷Ԫأ
Ȼ뷨ĿǰҲѡ
ʮ÷ԪȻС߶ÿһ÷Ԫ룬ҪһҶ
ʮ÷Ԫĵ൱ļƷ
ҪٷһҶܲܳסһ⡣
ҶǱ߶ˡ
Ȼ÷ԪԭҶҲ֪һ
һϹľƵԭǴ޷ݵľԣС⻯
ģȴС̥
䧴ʮλԶžʮ˵Ѫ֮ýǧʱһɳС⻯ֲ֮
ҶģСĿ£ʮ÷Ԫơ޼ҪǿĳЩʱĿǰ£ԿԷӳ˵ܡ
ţ죬ϷνˮЩˮӳȥܣҶͻضŷ˺ȵ
һɲǣ˺ͫˮж֮⣬ȫ˷
ǰ̮ˮ󷽣ֻʣҶһ벻ϲ˻ŵԡ
š
Ϊٵ䵽֮µԲ˻Ÿ
ҶȴûκҪһ·˼Сȫ߶÷ԪԵıԴ׳Լ
ҶԸӦСϢڷɿš
Ĺ򣬾һͻ
СӵԶѪеΪﵽһ̶֮ǰѹûƿ
㲻ɱң
˱׷ʥˮҪǸɱҡ
Ҷֱķ񺿽УΪϢ䵽֮һԴ
һΪ̫ǿˣԣƺλܸߣߣ̫Σˡ
ؼǣһ֪ıʣߣᷢŲġ
á
һŲµƵȭͷСҶС
ȫĶҶһ̽Ե֮Уֱӿʼѻ꣡
һ֮ˮڱ׷֮Ҷ½ЩɱסЩܵС˵ֱӴ߶ʼѻꡣ
ʱˮ˴˷Ĳҽ
էڻõһϢ֮ǰǲκˣ˵κģ


1202 Ӳͨ
̶ʱ֮ڣԣҶһѻˣڡԵ˲Ŀѡ
ʱ֮ڣǽѻˣѾͷǣҶ棬ȥȵġ
ʱ֮ڣƺʥֵѾ׵ķǰˮ²ɫˮǧࡣ
֮ô²ҪЩˮڷνʥˮɵ֮һĹ뽵ĹѾھʥƨɺźˡ
⣬ǰһɱ̫ص£ҪȻ²ˮĿܹǧˡ
Щ²˵ˮĸɫˮܱ߰ڿԵˮĿ
ܱ߰ﺣνʥˮͳϽ
ҶʱһöȭͷСһצ˫Ϊɫӡǹһ˿ζЦݡ
Žѻ֮ڽǰԽԵĿɭѻ֮ҶõһЩҲֵζϢ
ҶĺΪֽбĺλںĴ½ԿеıͳϽ
ͬģʥˮҲνı׷⡣
׷⣬ֻԴǰöɫӡ
ҶеöɫӡǱԴµͳǰⷽԲˮ
ô˵˭ܹõöʥˮܹס˭ⷽԲʥˮͿԺʥˮԲˮ塣
ȻֺҲֻϵĺѡ
ܲܺˮͳϽΧڵˮȺÿʥˮҲߵս
սǿˮΧڵˮȺȻ㱾Ϊ޷ѹȻͲˡ
ʥˮⷽԲˮ֮ڣΪֻŵģͳϽڵˮڣ
Щ۱ʮ򣬴ʥˮĺ
ʮǰΪߴص´żʮˮʥˮһԣʥˮӡ
գʥˮƾǰʥˮǿ˹ȥ
ʮ޵ԽԽ࣬Ӳźùһ㡣
˼ǣʥˮٵһǧɵĹ⽫ǧʱڣʥˮˮѾʮΡ
ƽʮ껻һλ
νıŲµʥˮѡ
µˮûʮҲаĻ
ңʥˮֱ˾£뷷ʮλʮλֹޱ޼ʵıˮ
ʥˮڱǻõĹԣһαѲʮǰ
һΣΪһʥˮûмʱ㹻ϽɹֱӱնʾڣָһʥˮǿΪΡ
Ծʱεġ
仰˵ֻҪҶõʥˮӡôĳ̶ֳϣҶʥˮˮҶ潫ӡʥеκһλеκһλͻΪٷϵʥˮ
ǰǣֻҪʮϽһεĹʱȥٲɵĻͿһֱʥˮ
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ģ֪ˮȺΪʲôˣ
黯ˮȺ󲿷ֶǱһǿпǵ㻯Ϊġ
ֻҲһǿΣڻûٸı䣬ұ㻯֮ٶЧ
ĿСҲȫǿʱѻġתƺʥ߶
ҵĺһܹɷͬΪС
ĵܣҸոշһֵ飡ʥͻؿ˵
ʲô£ҶĿ⿴˹ȥ
ԪŨȣԼңˮĴȣȴ屶
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ˣϰֻΪͬˮչ۲Աȣ־ˡ
ͬ£һΪֻǵʮ֮һõģҲֻ¶ɵ֮һ
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Ϣ֮Ҷ桢ƺˮͬʱ۾½ǵʷӣȷʵ
ǲӦðͬ£Ϊʲôʥüͷ
ԭ֪
֪Ļһǧ￾һ̳á
黹û꣬ҶѾһߵƨϣ˵˵һ㣬δһ͵ëѪɣ
ҲЦƨɣʱ͸ҽˣǵĴ½ٶȽͨ嵽ʮ
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ҪΪ֮ǰ½Ԫʵ̫ѷˣǴС൱ڴԪѹեǴˮѹեˮݰɡ
Ĵ½ʱȴ൱ֱӴӺмˮ
ڵĶԪѹեʽԪ·һĺĴ½ٶȻǵ嵽ʮˡ
ȻǳںĴ½ҲС˵
ŻȻ
ģҪǽ½Ķǽһֹţò˶ãǾܹɨһƬˮ򣡡ƺʥͻĦȭƵ˵
Ժ˵
ʥֱӷǶûվƽŸǹһ⣬ǲ𣿡ԣƺʥʱ©һƤ޾
ͻȻ䣬Ҷеʥˮӡ˻˻Σ⣬˭Ҫ
ʥˮݣĴ½µݿ֮еĿһְ൱ݣҲ
Ҷ沢ˮ壬ãã󺣷չ
Ļ˧Ĵм䣬ǲãĺĴ½Ӣ۱ĺĴ½ƼĺĴ½Ҷĵط
ҶеӡĿͬʱһȴεƲͷ
⣬̫ˣΪȻǿ󣬵⺣ףʥȴǲԶˡ
Ĳ˵ˮѹܹһս
ԡ顢ͫˣǿ˵ǵĴ½֮˵ȥ
ʥƺʥĿ⣬ͬʱ˾ʥ˼ײ
ʥһ˵˵ͷֽӡ˹ȥһ˿ԴѪͽȥɲǣӡİѱͱһޱȵľ޾
ȻˣˮͽֵأǡǺʺ﷢չ˵ʥһЦλ֮Ҫλ½ϻ첻ȥˣʱѣҾʱ򣡡
һޣ
һֱˮתδֵηɰףͻȻһҩƿˣҶ棬ҷʲô
ʲô
Ӳͨ
Ĵ½ϳʯ֮һӲͨ


1203 һ
鵤Ҹոմնɱʥˮһλ˴ĴָѵģΪ鵤ЩˮĻ˵ǼΪϡԴ
һö鵤ļֵٷһƷʯһö鵤λһƷʯ൱һƷʯҲһ鼫Ʒ龧
ңмеĹٷʣⱱҪõһö鵤ҪƷʯ˵½ϻʸһ㡣
ʥüͷһô˵ܹඣ
ηɰ׻ҡҡͷֹǼֵҪˣҲ˴ĵĸ˵顣
鵤ȻģҸղһ£鵤ڵ侫亣
ҸոճһӣҲǧ֮һҲϵĿޣһ鵤Ҳ㹻һ¡
ҪǣұȽһ£鵤һΪƷʯһΪı룡
ı롯ۣʱͽҶ棬ʥԵ˸ˡ
Ϊߣִ̫ش塣
ԶԶǿ˸ոշΪյĴ½µٶ쳣
ѹեʽٶȷǳ˶õġ
Ҳһ꣬Ҳ꣬ǵ峹׵Ӧ˺Ĵ½Ԫ֮ٶͻʧ
ңٶȷֱԪٶȶԡ
鵤һηɰ˵ģֻҪŪ㹻鵤ǵΪ½ı
ıһʲô
ǿߣĲ⣬һΪԼڰҡ
ٶıһ̵˶ʮꡣ
ǰڣӲ㶼ˡ
ΪԪݽ֮ǰͻƵͨ񾳵Ŀܡ
ΪһͻƵͨ񾳣Ԫٻһǧꡣ
ٶȣɻĴָѰһͨûնɱʥˮµǴϰٸָҳһöȥѾһ鵤
Ȼ󣬷ɿϥڵأ͵鵤
Ҳѧ˺ͫ⣬˶ҵһ鵤
ԣ飬ڣͫҲ鵤ԡ
˾͵ص鵤ͬʱҶһڣܿҵ˸ոѻõй鵤Ϣ
鵤Ĵ½µĵҩҲǺĴ½Ϊ󣬼ֵȶһֱڳǵĵҩ
û֮һ
е鵤ɴܵ۹Ĺٸš
鵤ĵԾ֪ȻЩʥˮԵ֪ѡ
ҶȤǣʥˮÿʮ͹ʱֻҪɹͻĶͷ˾õһǧ鵤ʹ͡
ͬʱʥˮɹֻӱĵǲսٵ鵤Ϊʹ͡
Ҳʥˮٷְλмֵĵط
ܿģҶʹʥˮĴָе鵤࣬˵ķ֣Ѿˣһʮš
£ҶҲһ㣬һ鵤
޳ת֮£һˮӿҶڡ
Ҷ澪㵵ǣһˮȻʱںϽ֮С
鵤ȻܹΪ
һΪ㵵ķ֡
ȻķȺСǳۻȣһĳ̶ȡ
ǽʡٿ๦
Լٿʱ䡣
ңηɰԣ鵤ΪٶȣƷʯΪٶҪ
ıηɰԵı߱
ҶΪʲôǰնƣֻҪ˺Ĵ½˭ΪڿأʮڣԿԽΪͻƵ
ҶĿǰӦõ߱ٶȣֻҪг鵤õŶʮꡣ
ʮ겻߰ʱ䣬ͿԽΪ۷塣
½Ҷ㼫Ʒ龧ѻ֮£ҲðĹ
ҶľģĴ½Եġ
ʱոչһӳͷҶ͸оһޱȵĿɨ䡣
۾֮ʣҶͷѾȫ͵顣
֣Ϊʲô鵤֮ٶȣֻƷʯٶȵأ벽İɻ
Ϸ鵤ٶ屶Уѹֲס˷ܡ
ЧеĻҪá
ʥ˵
˵ðڵüͷ΢΢һ塣
ҵΪٶȣԼ֮ǰİ˱ͨۻﲻݡ
ٶȣ࣡˵
𰸣˵ɫѿĿ⿴ûڵҶͫˡ
ҵٶȣֻ߱Ҷ˵
ҵٶȣͫ˵ע
ű
̴ٵ֣ȴֱڳ˾ˡ
ô£Ŀ⿴ͬʱھ
֪ԭ򣡡ηɰ׵ٴ
Ӱ鵤ٶȵأֱΪߵͣѪУߵӰ̶Ȳࡣηɰ˵
һںɫرõޱȵѿ
ǰڣΪߣأٶȻȴǵס
ηɰ׵ȱСηɰֻпصΪѣηɰΪͻƵأԿԶԶĳԽ
ηɰˣҶ͸˵ˡ
ڿ˿нɻĴָѳİö鵤粻˸һͻؿڡ
λϷѾһǰĴ½⺣ףʺϷ򡣡


1204 
ոյĴ½죬׼ȷ˵δ̤ϺĴ½أΪƫƧı׶ԺĴ½һ˽⡣
ھѾȲҪĴ½ҪԴ
ͻƵϣ¡
ԣڷǳĶ뿪ˮǰĺĴ½ԺĴ½һĨڡ
뿪ûãҲ뿪ˡ
ûãͨۻԣ飬ͫҲ뿪ˡ
Ȼ뿪ʱɱͷӬһ뿪İںöˣĿĵء
˶壬ĵϣūΣա
ʱнţǽǰԱء
ģǵ˵Ѫ֮طӦ
ǵ˵ǼеѪ㲻˱أӦûܵӡ
ٳ֮ǰԣ飬ˣѼֵһʮ鵤ȫ۵һ𽻸˺ͫ
ΪͫΪͣ鵤̵ʱͫΪ
룬Ҷ滹ǽе鵤ʦηɰףûó
ҶĿУηɰȻȺͫҪĶࡣ
ֻ뿪ʱԸ˿ҶĿЩŹ֣Ҷ棬ٿֽͫ˴źͫһ뿪
תۼ䣬ʱʮһˣֻʣҶ棬ηɰףƺˡ
ȻʱҶѾԤϵû뵽ô졣
ȻҶǲἱߵģߡ
ʥˮѾʥˣպķչ׳ЩȫҶġ
ʥˮصϹŲͨȴһȫĴá
Ҷ뾸ʥˣһµĹ򣬲ŽǸͨ׵αװ
ͨ׵ķ˹ֲˮݣҶľĴ֮£͸˼ʮһģһ
ֻܱ߻һľ󷨣ûκ֮
ϱ޽˸ʥˮ԰׵Ľ˭ȥҲ޷ص֮
£¾гһʥˮ˹ռҲֵᷢصǸͨ·ϹŲ
ͬʱΪ˱ܣһУҶ滹оʥԶʩġ
һУѾһ֮ˡ
ʦ㣬ʲôʱ뿪ҶģӦ뿪ǰĴ½չˡ
ʥˮȻһŵأǴЩˮԵļУĴ½Ǳȱĵط
Ҷս
뿪ηɰ׵Щ죬ΪʲôҪ뿪
ޣˣ˽ҵľˡʥˮڣҷһҹҹ޺ɷ޺Ȫ
޺Ȫ꣬ʮ꣬ҾܽȫתΪɷǿ޺ɷ
ɷ壡ԣҾˣʥˮ
гɣȥĴ½
˵ηɰ׺ĿһЦ½ˣŪıٳȥ治ϰߵӡ
ԣҶ淭һİԣʦ㣬˼ҳȥǵ
ɷ壬ˣɲˣ
ηɰ׵Ŀʱ˸Բ˵ʲôСٸ˵һ飡
Ҷǵı͡
ηɰ׵˼Ҷ滹˽һģֻηɰѾϰ˽ʵ뷨
ʵηɰҶǰĴ½չʲô֪еΣԡ
Ҷı£ټΣյľأҶƾһĪı£ҲĿܡ
ٴһηɰףҶڼĿԣɰٱı͡
ηɰ׺Լص㣬һؽޱȵǿ󣬵֮£Ͳʮ
ԣǵѡңʥˮ޺Ȫѵϣ
ǵģϣ
Ѳյİһӥǲмʳ׶˵ġ
ʥˮ޺Ȫηɰ״Ϊӥϣ
ĵܣͷİɣֻҪǸһþͲһͷʥ֣ص
ĵܣҪ뿪Ļҵһ⣬ٵĴ½һ̤ϺĴ½ܹһٷְλƺʥͻȻ˵
ޣô˵Ҷ˵ͬʱĺ
Ӹĺ½ϣ°˴Ůȡ֣һĺ󹬣Ůǧˣŵķ˸ϰˡ
ǣϲģȴһΪǷ˵Ůӡ
Ůױݾѣƽ⣬Գ谮ЩǷ˵ĳȴǸӵĲƺʥ˵


ٽһΪĿĹĹţǽǡ
ңҴ֪ǹ￤ΨһĶŮ
ʧϵķ߶Ѱҽǹ䣬˵ҵǹͻߣ֮⣬и߹ٺ»
ֻҪҾİţĵܾȳǹļ񣬲ѡƺʥ˵
ԣηɰȴüͷǵ𣿡
õѡ񣡡ʥˣںĴ½ϣħ廹ռ˴Ĵ½ҶµǿĿ
ħԭ򣬶ɢߵĺܽ
һٷݣĵܸӿٵĴ½ɨܴһǱڵϰ˵Ǵʥ΢΢һЦĿЩĿηɰףηɰĪ
ǵõĵǸǹ֮䷢ʲôôɲء
ǹǵȲлĵǾԿϵġ
һ˲ͽηɰһǸǹʲôʲô£
ηɰ״󾽵飬ҶĵһЦȻˣͰļƻ£


1205 ļƵĽǹ
Ƿܷżһǰʥˮǳͻ䱻֮ÿһ춼Ƕꡣ
ִżĵˮĿⲻͣڹɨǽơ
ǷǿԴǰ°ӵʱ޿̲롣
ʥˮãŬҪ
ǣڽǹʥˮٳ谮ʪζΧǳˮˮʥˮĹﶼ硣
ڹʱˮֻӭų¶ժʵˮɰǧˮѡ
ʥˮڣһγһĿõƻǰ׵ĹӾơ
ϺϺԼһζˡ
οÿϣǱǸ̹ǣһѪζζһŻζʥˮڡ
ƫƫУתл˵жľжġ
ʱ޿̲뿪
һǰ˸ı䣬ʥˮˡ
ȴýǷ˸ӵĿ־塣
ʥˮĳ谮ƷȻЩͬ°Ůӣȴ֪öٱ
ǰӵʥˮڣʥˮ֮⣬˶Ҫɫ
ȻƷʱĹôҲʳȱʲô½ʻƷȫѡһЩΪݹʵ۵ĵԡ
ͬʥˮǧλʱʱҪˮɧšбʥˮʹ͸µŮӣҪõ֪ȥˡ
ʥˮ죬ǷҲ֡
ĺҪͷˡ
֪εˮϲΣŪһڽ̳ˣпܵġ
ʥˮڣÿһ죬һݵļ尾
ԭʥˮλ֮£ҲߵĿܡ
һʥˮǻȴûжٻҡ
ýǹһ־ĸо
ҵĽŲͻأĴýǹһִͷĸо
ǸλˮҪˡ
㷲Ĺ۲һ󣬽ǹһǻġ
ͷĿһԳӢ꣬ýǹЩ⣬ʥˮôˣͷһοܹĻεˮ
СźţҪѡ޵ķˣҪǵλˡǡλֳ˴ŮˣǾ͵ŵùģҶʮĺýǷ˵۾һЩ⡣
ˣǵһ˳ȻżֵЩˮ˲֪ʮǧ
һˣǷ˾ϸϸĴҶ棬ˮۣ䵽»СͷĿϡ
Ҫһ˾ʹһȻûпǰˮͷĿ壬˵ˡ
ǰˮʱΪĻģԸǷ˴һ屾ķţĹ۲£ǰͷˮ˳
ܳһʱڣ˽ǷֽƵķ
ˣǷȴȺ֮зһѪ塣
֣룬Ƿ˾ޱȵļ
ࡢı죡ǴСעڽǹԺŽǹһġ
ˮǲŵģ壬Ǿ˵ˡ
ͻȻ䣬ǹҶˮͷĿӰͷ·ǿ˴һ㡣
ܵϵǵҶһ˿εĿЦ
һмƻƺʥŵġ
ƺʥļƻУ˻ʥˮҶ壬ֻ޹βܴģֻڻԵɺ֮¾ȳǹ
Բκǣǹ
һУԵѻõһͨħͨߣɱ⣡
ڴķϣϸо˺üͨħͨ
ʥˮ࣬ǹͲǵ°ʱǸ¶֪Ůˡ
һʱ֮Ҷ·ǹլԺ֮լԺﴫһͽҶ˹ȥǼ򵥵ʶˡ
ò˵ǹǼļƵģлҶԮΪɣԺڵĳһʻϺлҶ档
Ҷ沢ûʶһʻϺʲôֻǲĳţҶ濴һˮ̿ˮˮһӶɳʱҶ涸ؾˡ
ˮЩͼˮ඼ëѪ֮һⶼ̻Ƥë֫࣬ȫһ½顣
ˣζˮҲòȥ
񿴵°ĳﾫƵʳǷӦͿ֪
ǹҲͲԶˡ
ǺҶɲĳǰһʳˮˮҲ˸ɸɾ󣬻̾Ϣһ꣬ˣٴγԵ˵ζˣ
仰ʱýǹǰһһʵҶСͳǰԹʳ
Թǰʦںʱʦʱ򲻾жóԣʱٴγԵζҶζƵİհ촽
ǺǣҶСͳԣʱĳҲšǷ˵
һĽӴȥˣǹǺСĵġ
ڶҶѲ·ʱ򣬽ǹٴνҶ˹ȥһΣ뵽ֻҶһˣҶģһʳ
꣬Ҷٴ̾ϧڵĿ
ҶСͳ̾˵ʵҳĳҲǿڶѣڹǼλһ˳ñֱͷǹʱ׳ն
ҶţȴЩζǰǹ̫ˡ
û취ϡ
һ֮Ҷ뿪ˡ
һ֮ҶǿҵĴ½ԸЩź˵˵֮󣬽ǹ˵ʵ뷨
ʵҶСͳҪںĴ½һϷݣҲǲܡһ￤飬ֻҪܹɹһؽǹ鵤ٿţʯʮ򣬴;ξ
ǹݸҶһݲ飬·ӸǵöѪӡһۻϵϢ˶
Ҷһ㣬ӸǵӡȻܹȻ
Ĵ½壬Ȼ
ӹ飬һᣬҶĿ⾫Ķ˽Ƿˣǹ¾ǽǷɣ
˵ţҶͽеĲݻ˽ǷˣˣͲ飬㻹Űɣһ
ҶСͳ죬Ѫ壬ѵһ˻Ⱥ֮У
Ǳ˵㣬壬Ҳ֮УҪȻΪʣôᱻһԺ
ұ֤ҶСͳˮһӣҲ޷Ϊˮĸģ
ߣҶСͳѵҪëѪһ𣿡
˵ҶСͳһˮһ𣿺Ĵ½ϣ꣬ơ˵ģƾξݣӵұ檣ûκġ
ʱбշŸ߹ٺ»ָտɴ

֮ڽǹڳһջ˲ٺô֮Ҷɹıջˣ


1206 ս
ƺʥ˵ϷҶҲҪݵһ
ҶҲΪģΪһУغҪ
оһ㣬Ҷ沢£֮ǰѻ֮õϢֻҪߣΪǿߣͲɱҪ򽻴
ʵϣںĴ½Ҳ޴ڵģڵ壬ȻǱ˵塣
Ҷ浣ĵģ
һ˷Ҷĳδ֪Ĵ½Ҷ³֪Ĵ½Щ˵ļһ϶뾡һа취ĶԸҶ棬ҵδ֪Ĵ½
ԣҶŲòǹⳡϷ
һչҶ滹Ǻܾҵģļƻ
ڽǹҶԷʱҶһϸˮһȥһʳ֮ˮͳ׵Ļ˹ȥ
Ҷʩչ֣ǹݳǸˮģȻʹҡڵĴݵĽǹ뿪֮ء
ƾŸνʥˮķ٣Ҷһ·ͨ裬Žǹҡڵ뿪ˮ
̺ɣݵʵǾĶǡ
ȻǴˣҶǹԤƣʥˮڷ״Ҳһ֮á
ǹصΪĻ˵Ǳ°ӹѾˡ
£ҶŽǹ̫ܲѾ
ǰ컹ɣڴ˺üˮ⻹ʥˮķΧ֮Уƾʥˮķɹء
Ӧ˼ˮ֮󣬽ǹˣȻӳˣΪʲôֱ뿪󺣣շУǸ죿
ãڴϱߵո߷Ŀԣڴ󺣸ˮζĿԣ
ߣˮٶȣıҶ˵
Ǿģǹֵĺ˳ӡ
ͷ֮ʣҶ滷ŽǹֵˮѹͬʱɿĴӺӹ
ǹϵֵĿ⣬ȴ̺һ޷ݵ
Уǹ忴ƽ񣬸߹󿴵ͼַԹС
Ĵ½ԽԽǹеУȴԽԽŨ
Сģǰߺˮǹͻؾһ
ҶĿһƳη·һ㻮һ˵ĺߣˮҶŽǹһ
׵ļХشֿĺ쳹һˮֳݺŹӷĴ
ɲǼ䣬˷ˮͬʱɰǧˮ˷۽˹
龰ЩˣҶǹ£۽ҶٺһЦٴ֮ǰһ㣬ͳʥˮķگ
ͷǸ׻ΡɢſֲϢˮϸ鿴һҶ͹ȥķگͻغٺٴЦ
ʥˮķگǺö˵ʥˮ˵ʣô˴̽Ϣء
ЦУʥˮķگֱӻ˷ĩˮ۸ߺֵǣʥˮļϸͣ
УˮؾˮˣͷҶ档
Ҷǹ˵ɫͬʱޱȵѿҶΪѿ˷ٳĵϢ
Χ۹ǧˮУһ룬ɢſϢ
˶ˮǰҶҪвͻᱻȺˮ̸һɶ
ԥģҶžּеĽǹֱ棬֮УһرҶĽŵס
ɲǼ䣬ҶżеĽǹڵһ
ˮڣһλĴʱ˸ա
ɲǣҶ汳ӥƷ쿪һչʱͳ֮⡣
쵰һƷ϶ʥˮµҪܷŹһܷŹ
ˮţɿĳգ׷ɱҶ档
µǧˮͬʱں渡֣Щܸϵˮǣʱͳ˰սλ׷ɱҶ档
ʣµЩˮȴˮмٴΣ˳Ҷеķ׷ȥ
ɲǼ䣬뺣֮䣬γôһĻ澰
ˮеķٶȣѹȲˮ׵Ǳٶȵġ
ȻˮɢϢߴڣҶƾӥƷҲǿܹ롣
ˮķ׷𣬾ȴԽԽ
һϣɾ鷳ˡ
ҶüͷһˣֻҪ󺣣ķǴȴŽǹ
쵰ܲģʵʵ˵ʥˮı飬ǿԿǷһˮŴ
龪ޱȵĽǹȴˣ˵ˣĻǡ
ɵҪ䵽ôܷ뿪ѻ꣬ǶģҶŽǹ
С˰С˷ģǴϲСˣһɱģ
ǿҪһȱˣǿɾûʸˣ۹ˮЦǹѾò԰ޱȡ
ͻȻ䣬ǹ͵ظӦҶٶȱˡ
֣ýǹ㣬ôٶȣ㣬㲻Ҫˡ
죬Ҷ汻ǹֱðǣԥж˽ǹ°͡
СˣôСܲˣϾҪ䵽ˣģϹ㣬һὫ׸ġ
ڽǹþޱȵͬʱһȵĻⶸҶзɳ䵽׷ˮϣȻ
ɫǴĿС̫һ˸ģˮĲҺ
Կˮһİ£ҵš
ͬһɲǣҶ汳ӥƷһٶȶؼӿ죬˲ϢˮԶ˾룬ʱˮв
ǣУкȺɽ׷ᣡ
ң⶯ԽԽ·۽ĺԽԽࡣ
ͻȻ䣬ҶŵĽǹҵͬʱ괫ҶԺ
쵰콫°͸λ
죬ϣٲλڵģ쵰֪ΨһĻᣡǹŭ
ԭҶǲǹģ仰ȴҶһֽǹ°͸λ
죬Ϸ򣬿Ǹ˸ĺڵûУ߷ɣǱ߷ɣǾܻǹָŷ
ʲôҶ沢ûκζ˼
ս
ս쵰죡ǹ
սۣҶķз򶸵һ䣬ٵķǧǸ˸Ĺ㡣
Ϣ֮һҳٶ׵ľ޴󴬽Ҷ֮УΦ֮ϣһڵ׽ֵĴ졣
һ䷱·ɵĹ׭ĽɫܡֳڴУǽ⣬Ǹܡ
һۣҶ͵һ
Ϊ󣬶ΪҾ޽ںϺеٶȣȻֻ첻
һۣҶĿ⿴˽ǹս𣿡
ս̴̴Ҳܾǣ
ϲ̴һ˵ǹȻһݣȡ˼ͷδϣȺ磬˵ʾͱø߹ޱȡ



1207 
˵ʵǽǹȥһ׳գĳЩ漫侫£ҶǲԸǹһ·̴ġ
Ǿ޴ġ
ڽϰߣҶ沢ϰ߽Լδ֪˻С
ǹ˷ܵı飬ҶģŮܲԼЦɣ
̴ﷶΧʱ̶֧ӾͷߵĶ콢ˮֻĶϡ
ǿȥƺӭǣҶü
ܽħ׷ɱ壬ߣ߾ԱΪūӾ߷䣬оǹ촽˵
ٴҶüͷһ壬̶֧ӣôôҪ˵ӡ
ǹȴǷɿȡһöϳСӡɿһſհ׵ɫһǣͽӡɫ˸顣
ɫķⶸбһƬɫУһϳСӡ
Ҷ棬Ҳܹӡ׭ģ顮ǡ֣ܱǸԳ޸
ҶӡЩ˽⣬ĸ֣ǡǷţȼЩԵĳ޸Ӧ̺һЩӵϢԱȵȡ
˵ǽǹֱݡ
һ̴ϵʱ˸ͣװˮֻ˶һΣҶ濴УǶԵеơ
һ߾߳ʮ׵ľ󱻳ȥͲʼ˸Ĺ⻪
űһı仯Ҷ棬ǹһЦ˵ûɣߣǵþˣ˵꣬ǹ͵ȳ±ߵ̴
ʵٸҶ˵ܽʱЩǹû˵ǽǹ˵ô򵥡
䵽Ϊŵ̴콢ϣװѾվˣһλ·ñߵվվǧˮ뻤
Ϸչ̶ӵĴܹܣžǸ·ȷѶɣٴγʾҵ֤ȵĽ·һܼɵ˵
䵽װϵʱ򣬽ǹڳУ°΢΢𣬾µûκα飬ɢˮֱֲӵĸ߹Ϣ
￤ǹУǹóϳӡطɳɢӨӨ⻪ӡĹ⻪УһװŮӵıӰ֣ȻǹӰ϶Ϊһ
һһϢشӹӡ֮гһĪ𣬡뷷￤ϱΪŽǣ
ϵǺһϢէּţǶˮֻһȴȻޱȣͷ̶ӵĹܹܡ
󣬹ܹܴͷǧˮ뻤ƽɽİȥ
ҵȰݼǹ
ɽȵĺУǹЦݸֹ֣һ˿
ȱʥˮ֮һ֮֮ϣҲȲ֮йλ֮һ
ҶЩ𾪣æıܵһԡ
ΪҶ淢֣Žǹȥǧ֮У߾ͳʮˣǰܹܣĴڡ
ʮλߣǰһ콢ϵңĿǵùٰɣ
ңҶ淢ɢӦ֮£̴콢ϻһ޵Ϣ޵ϢǳǿѾﵽҶħ˧Ϣ
̶֧֮һλͨ񾳵Ĵ򣬲Ӧڹһġ
λͨ񾳵ĿֲֻǴҶһɨû˶û
Ҷ澪ȵģȴЩȥߡ
½ΪֻҪͻƵ꺣ͿԼݣΪͻƵͬΪͻƵǽǿһ׵ƽƽĴڡ
Ĵڣǿ׵ҪݵĴڡ
ںĴ½ЩȴȫϥڽǹôһλСŮǰȥޱȻ
ͻȻ䣬ҶʶںĴ½λĺƺͬһ㡣
һĹǿ߹ԹԹݣǹ׵ķﲮѡ
ôأ
ҶͻȻʶƷҲеĻҪʵ
һ£ҶҲ˼ƽϡ
ǹʾ֮УмֵģҲһٿ鵤ǽξѫλ
ξǴܵ۹ѫλһڶֱξξ
ֻҪξѫλܵ۹ѾƽյķˣξǿʵʵĹٷˣеȨ
ԭʲô岻ģҶ沢ںڿ˽ǹ֮Ҷ뷨Ͷת䡣
ˣλɣܹܣǽ컹ҪλأĽǹһӿȵģˮֻ۾漴ηĵͷ
ԣĹܹܿź˷˳򽢶ӵˮǣͻطһɭЦ
֪֪ҰȻӷʵҳײǴܺĴӣ
ųֵʱ򣬹ܹ͵һ־͵ǣѵã
Ҷɻĵͷڹܹڶ׿⡢һͷһЦָϴָ⻪һһܳаסʮ׾ھͳڼװյϡ
Բ֪ɵķ죬˸űĹ⻪ÿһ鹹ϱȣ̻ޱȷµ·ơ
ͷٴЦУһ֧һףҶһֵľ޴ʸͱװϱߡ
ͬģһʸҲޱȷķ·װȥɲǣÿһƶʼ˸⻪
żʮԶҶܹܵһ޷ݵĿ־һļ¶
ɢϢ˿ֲ
䣡
䣡
Ц⣬ͷֳһ޴ݺݵĺϱߡ
ݣ
жһޱȵĹ·һݺݵĺ˿׷ҧгݵҶˮϡ
Ҷƺˮ־顣
ĿĹ˸һ£Ȼʧˣ
ˮڵķԲǧ֮ڵһУƾʧˡ
ûȫʧˡ
ǽˮ·ǧ׷ԲڵϰλڰеĿкڵˮȫʧ
һУҶĿɿڴĪ
ϵˮ֡ǣһĻȴЦһЦһߵĿĪҶ档
һɲǣҴļλǧˮһļ򺣵˲Ϣʧ
Ϣ֮󣬺Ѿƽ˾
ܹܣӦɣȱеĻҪϼ֡ǹȻ
ܹܹ˹֣£Զ̶Ӵﵽһģй£ݾһ󣬲ǹʸȴ͵ȼģȻʰЩҰȴ޷
˵ţܹˢĶһᣬһЦݸ˽ǹΪȽǹ£ȥʸɣ빫ӡ


1208 ̴ͻ
Źܹܵϵᣬǹӣ΢ţôһ˲ľȣ󣬻ڹܹЦʵע£ȡӡϱظϡ
Ҷ˳ˮɢȥһ֡ܽ߰ʮһ¾գڱ֮Ͻ￤ǹΧ֮£ʸɱɫˮ
һμأҶܹʲô
ʸӦǹƷǳϸľƷÿһĶҪǼӡ
ǹĳ֣ɸѵĽڡ
ڶʸ̶ӻ̶ӱҵĿڴУĳɱħԸеĶͷ
ֹҶĶˡ
Ҷɻǣ̶ֻͨߣ᲻ֽأ
Լҵ˽ֲʸܹܵǷǳĸˣϯǹ
ȻǺϣϯҲķʢ
ڽǹҶ淢֣ڿһ̾Ө͸ɫ߲֮󣬽ǹӶ췢ˡ
ǹɢĹ˽ǹһžٶСõĹ͢Ҳýǹڼϲ£Žʳٶȡ
ǣһζǰĹӾǰǹĻԵĶ
ڹܹ˫ܹĵ˫ע֮£͸¶ʹӦ顣
պܹܵһ̶֧ǵ￤ɹۣǹٻ˰
ӦŪ￤Ʒķݶ
ȻǹǱһǣ۹ܹ̽һֱҧסֻѱһС֮ϣȻҶǧ˳ñˮˡ
û͸¶Ҷԭݡ
һ㣬ҶֻҪǹǴˣͲᶶ¶Ҷʥˮ顣
ǹϯݻҶûٹϵҶĿǰݣֻǽǹĻѡ
󣬱뵽һԵĴգЩһԷ飬飬ľƣҶԵĺˬ죬Ҳûκα͵ĸо
ΪһԷģȫǴϿĻ
ֻ֮Уˮ֣ڵΪҶ濪صΪ̫ϡƽˡ
Ϣʱ䵽ˣǹȻ˺ĵգԭΪǹĻҶӦҪڽǹķ丽ġ
̶֧ӽʶܼ֮󣬽ǹҶμ½ԣ֧ĳŵ̶ӣҪȳʥˮҶҪֵΣֱùܹⰲš
ҶҲֵС
˵ʵôˣԴӴڳҶ滹ûɹź˵Ĳ¡
ƺޱ޼ʵĹˮ˵Աȣһͱ½Ҫ
½أǸĹ
ڳϴ˰£ҶѾЩˮǴһƬˣÿ촵̵ĺ磬Щˮһƨһڷ򷹡
Ҷ潫Ըָеȡһ̳ʱְ졣
磬ҶһһˮŶȥմ򷹣ŶӵʱһͷСӾɷĴӷճˣǰߵĻˮǣ׷·
ڳϻô죬ҶԳϵ£Ѿ˽⡣
ڹܹܵ£ȡͷĴ󺺣ս婣̶֧ӵĻͳ֮һͬʱҲǹܹεĻͳ죬Ϳɼһߡ
뽯婵ĳйأ̶֧ҵļūΡ
£⽯ͳȻǼūȴȨƵļ֮һ
婵ĶӽŰҲͲˡ
ЩҶ˻Ļˮȫѹһ£ǧҪǽңԶԶıܿһĶ񹷡
ϧʱ˲ȥǹȴҪҧ˵ġ
ҶϰԵĸǰߵˮһ㣬ùոմӷճĽңҵǸһ˿Ĺͷҫ˸׹⣬ݺݵײҶ档
ˣոڷմ򵽵һ̵ķҶ浱ͷ
Ҷ治֪ΪҪԸҶ棬ȴ
ЦһһģܹײϣƸ˷ϣŶȵĺˮ͵ӿ
ԭҶķ裬תһȦĿ˽ϡ
˸ˮˮȫ˽ҵϣͭƵķ裬ֱӱƣ˽ҵϡ
Ĳҵţ˻Һһ۾ֱϴˮϴźùһЩ
ҲǽұſصΪҪȻ£ӾҪˡ
ͷĿô㲻Сģ´δʱע£ҪٽԼϣҶ浭ȻɹЦһԽҼǰŶӣЦ糱ˮ
ԭͱˮ̼ķص˸Բŭ˼㣬쵰ɱ㣡
һҰް˻絶ˮӿģһƺҶ档
ҶɲǣͷϵĲҶҷɡ
ԼСģʲô𣿡ҶЦһһȭӭϣȭͷһǰ۳һͷֵĺɫΣ
ʲôΪҸӲƴˣҶӭϣЦ
һΧ۵Ļˮǣͬʱ¶˵֮ɫ
飡
ȻУҵβķˣƹǴʹߡ
潻֮£ҵƹǾȻˣҶ棬ֻпΪңȴǿصߡ
ˣΧֵˮ뻤Ҳˡ
Ҷ治˵ֻЦŽּѸ֪ҵҶĺˮʮ֮һ
˵Ʒʣ˵ĳ̶ȣĶԶ
˵ҶӵеƷʸߵĺˮƷһ̶Ȳһҵ̶ֻҶ̶ȴǸ֣֡
Ҳһаܱ˵ȥ
һɲǣžʹޱȵֲ˻ĽңĹͷµףͨ첻ѡ
Ҳס֮£Ъ˹ŸʲôŸʲôһͿһ˶𣿡
ϣһӵιˮ
ˮֺͻȻûӦҵǽļӣȴұƵòòǰ
˭ǽҵĹأ
ҵĹӣΪܸߵȥأ
һŲη岻ǰúΧ۵ˮֻǣ̲סЦ
ЦýҵױóѪһͨ죬Щ񣬡ӳ壬˭Ҫǲ壬Ӿιˮ
Уһظ˽ǰûȽҶ֣һһƾȷ˽ңӰҵǼӷ׷ױ߷ɡ
Ķ߳У׿ⶥһĴͷĽ婳ҶǰۿҶ棬У׹


1209 ı
ҶͭľۣƤʹĺ˼£ǿ˫֮׹⻯һĨˬЦ⡣
СӣܿһǼѪ˶ɱĺúӣҪǿˣ
֣ú婴ĿҶ棬ΧΧĻˮǣȴһ¶һ顣
һЩ̺аԵĽ婣ʲôʱô˵ˣ
Χ˵鷴ӦһһҶ۵ףҶʱʶʲô
ҶֵܣлᣬҪĹӡߣܹ룡ȰİƽСһ𣬳ҶһʹŶ㴬ȥ
еĽһԹޱȵĿҶ棬ĹͷϼҶĴۡ
ܿģҶڽ婵ĴµλõĴڣڣǹжһճȹ߸ķϼ⻪䣬˵ýǹ߹ޱȡ
һµĹܹףԶһ޺Цݡ
ңҶһȭס
ܹ˵ҹʱӽ½һƬ½شԼңʱǽ뿪ӷؿ׼һ£׼ʱǹ˵
Ǻǣ빫¼£ǵĺˮӽ￤һƬȴǽʯܲûкʵĺۿڿͣ޷͹ϰ̴ܹЦʵĽ͵
޷ףǹ˵
ܹȴǿҶһֵۣΪıǸ⣬ͬʱҲΪ˹İȫǣϷɳ빫µλҶһ͹·￤
ǹ࿴ҶһۣȴЩԥ
ܹȴЦһҴ£Ȼ紾ӣڰħļϸȴżǱ룬òд죬ǰµĻսҶһˣвϷɼλ滤ȻǹԸ⡭
ܹ˺⣬ܲԸ⣡ֻǣҪйܹܵˣȹܹ˵꣬Щֵ̿ĽǹӵӦ
ǺǣΪЧͣϷıݣպϷ鷳ʱҲ̫ܹܵĻ˵ķǳƯ
Ҷ汻е˼仰ֱ˻ȥ
صǺųζĴգҶ浱ͰսǹĽ
ҶԺתģȴȫǽ顣
Ե޹ʵĲ磬˫ǿѹ׹ͭ˫ۣΧˮֵĹ飬ܹܺĵĽ飬ҶһֲԾĸо
ܹܺĵĽ黹뽯婵ı־Ͳ̫Ծˡ
̫ˣ˰죬Ҷȴ벻κͷ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷһһֱɢĸܱˮϵֽ߽ǹܹܵķ䡣
ոôһֽܹ˽婹ȥʶģҶ渽ˮϱߵȥͿһ¹ܹܽнʲô
ɾҶڽܹܵĲշʱ򣬽婻סŵɲǣһŷʹӹܹб
ɲǼ䣬һһۻڲշ𵴿շڵԪ֮ȫ˷顣
Ҷ渽ˮϵȻҲϢ
ܹܲôãһôҶ֪ܹܿ϶Ҫ⽯婼ص顣
ԭɲڣȴǱˡ
Ҫطܹôһ֣Ҷ޿κΡ
ǣںϣҺİ˳ϵĲʣľϣľϡ
ֻҪľĲϵĵطСʩչֵĵط
С
ͺһҶľڵСʱϢĴҶ̽˳Ҷľ˹ȥ
һɲǣܹܲշڵͨСݵҶ鸮֮С
̽ΣܹܵЩ䡣
ܹܣСӱΪۣսȴЩ֣ͻأ֮£Ȼ˳ҡ㳤ҼҲһܹɵ£ǽ婵ȻСӿصΪӦÿҶġ
ޣ
ܹܳһЩ䣬Ӧá֣Ϸϲң¹شϷʮˣôһĺûᣬԲܳ⡣
ʱ㻹һ˰ɣ
ȥ婵һ
ûֻȥϷܷģ婣ܲ汲Ϊūɣξ
￤ǹͣǰѾѫλ˶ξѾҴܵĵĵѫλˣҲǲ顢￤ȼСԷͳѫλˡ
˶ξѫλȱӦֱãͳһʮ˵ĶһְҲǴ´࣬Ǽ߾ͳ˵ĶͳҲǺɵ顣
սܹΪǧУξ
Ҵܣ޾ֵǧЧû
һ²ȼϷ򣬵ϷĶУһ֧Ϊūˣūʹˣ
˵ܹܵѾЩǷһ
ܹܵ˼ǣЩͷԡ
ҶūⱲѲˣǣǵЩùĺˣȴǿԵģ
˽ӣ˰ɣ
ǶȥɣһлᣬҲþܹ˵
棿婵ø߰
ҪȻΪϷͼıʲô
ǴܹܣµǼ˽ӣ̫Ȼ츳ˣϾδѫλóȻǡ
Ϸøȥԭˣ
Ƚ봬󣬽ӻһȺ̰ǿˮ֮£˽ӣ֮У𣿡ܹܵѹ͡
һ㣬漴һЦˣܹӻõѫλ֮һӾӡ
û˺ʵʱϵң˽ϷҵȨƸи㣬ɻڴָտɴ

ҶѾˮ
ӱҹ鷳ʼҶ֪û£û뵽ܹܾȻı˽ǹ͡
ңܹ˵ѾӣѫλѾǽǹ˵ĽξǸһȵĶξ
Ҷ汾ںξѫλȴҶںĴ½ĵһ
Ҫǣ鵤ֻдܵ۹ٷţѽΪܵ۹ĹԱ߾ˣƺǻ鵤ݵķʽ
ξҶ治֪ݽǹ˵ǽξɢѫÿҲԻ鵤Ϊٺ»
һȵĶξࡣ
Ҫǣֻл͵ȼѫλξŴܵ۹ٷ鵤ʸ
޶ʸ
ҹʱ֣Ĵ޽ĺȻУ˺Ҷͷˣ׼ˣ


1210 װû˼
ܹɸǹĻһλ
ͷȻǶһͷĻͳ콯婣ڶλǸȥʮ꣬ϣһ˿޵ЦݣϸۿԱȣüĿλܹż
˽йӦþǽԵӣܹܵ˽ӡ
ˣһͬͷĽңһüĿż֮ɫ꣬պɣصΪ
뽯Ҳ˵Ҷǰˣ˭Ҳ벻γɻǽ婵˽ӡ
ϸԱȣȥγɵһͷڷҾһģﵹġ
£һ·˳磡ңңһݣܹܾվڼװϳ˷˶ȥǹһ˵Ŀ⣬ȴϣ
뿪װһɲǣγɾͻ˽ǹңҶݺݵĶҶ棬뽯һҶǹ
ɣ
婵ͺһȿ·˸շ˺
㽯ҲҶҲ⼸λ־롣
γɵˣҶǲģ⽯صΪҪǳӸҶһ£ܹҪҶС
ĺ·£ҲǰӵĹ򣬵ʵϵķʱȴһӡ
Ҷ滹ܸϽ婵ķٶȣһŽǹĺγ뽯ңٶȴЩϡ
һ·޻Ҷһ߾ķУһ߾ζ̤Ĵ½ϵ仯
Ĵ½ĵش֮ǳǿ
ҶԱ֮£Ĵ½ĵش֮µ½ʮҡ
֮Ҳûʲô棬ýõ֮ʮ½ĵش֮ͱЩֲˡ
ش֮֮ʩҶϵĵشҶеֹ
ʵڱ֮ʱҶ淢ͬٶȷ֮ʱٶ½
ʱ̤ϺĴ½½أָоʵˡ
ԭҶΪƾ鸮½ֹķȥ
ڣҶ֮£һ죬Ҫָͣˡ·;ͣʯ졣
γȴӲʱͲͣ´Ϣָ
婵˵￤˴Լһ֮أڴܵ۹֮У͵µȿҲаء
Ϊ̫ܵ۹Ŵַ⡣
ΪսϮλԿԴͷΪΣ˰ֻҪÿܵ۹ɵĹɣսʱܵ۹ӵжԷָȨ
￤ϾǴܵ۹Ƚ͵Ŀˣǹԣ￤ڣӵкʮ򣬹񳬹ʮڡ
ЩλߵĹķӵǧҲʲô顣
ҲǴܵ۹ھλ˽ԭ֮һ
ֻҪþһƷȲͿӵнʸ񣬼ȱССķ۱ʮʮڣҲ˲õ˼ޱȡ
婵˵￤Ķǣ뺣ԼĪһʮ·ǵٶȣԼҪʮҵʱ䣬ܸϵ
˵Ҷ֪һ£婵Ż֣ԼҲʮ֮һᡣ
Ҷ治֪»գһ֪ˣǶֵĻᣡ
Ҷϰ֮ʱ죬һ·ޱȡ
˽Ӳӵ룬Ǳаָ׸ǴСԪ쳣׳˶
İգһʵЦݣȥҵġ
зɹ洦ɼϰ꣬һȥոճʮ꣬Ѿʼ壬ˡ
̶֯һɰҵľ
ҲЩɽˮ֮أڣҲôԶԶƿԶ
ΪҶľ裬̤ϺĴ½һ죬婵˶ûж֡
ҹϢˣָŵһƬ֣Ҷһ˵
ͳ죬Ϊʲôǲأ·ĴСɱöˣ
Ҫ¶𣿱Ѿ죬δԡˣǹҧг˵
һ·ϣԸֽڹǲ룬¶ڻĽҰ⣬ýǹ޵
Ҷ֪ԭģǸֵġ
Ϊ￤ﲮǸѫλͣ￤ܱߺһӣǱ˷˽ǹ٣˵Ҫ֦ˡ
ϢĻͽǹعõͣǽ婵Ĵ㣬Ȼ㣬ҶҲϲ
˭Ҳϲ鷳ǰɣ
£Сǹǲ룬ѵû𣬴ϰڶ쿪ʼѾ˶ˣ˵
һ֮Ľǹʱʧɫ˭˭Ҵ򱾹⣿
Сϸ֮£ûҲħ壬Ҳ壬Ҳа࣬С⼸ոҹϣڼİǡ˵
𰸣ʱͽǹŵˣʲôԡԡģҪˣȫعҪġ
һҪǣͳ죬һҪ뷨ǣֻҪȫתͣͣǹѾ׵ŵˡ
״婵һЦĿɨҶ棬ӴϢʱҪǱħϮɱɱûѹǣ
Ҷף仰ǿ˵ģҲΪҶδʧ̵档
ܿģΪǹһСɵӪʣóڴָʳˮԺһָ֮ʣҶͻˡ
婡γɡ˵ĿͬʱҶ档
ʲôȥ婳ȵ
ʺҶܴ׵Ļһ䡣
Զ婺ǲˬһ䡣
Ҷڵ婡γɡ˶һۣ׹ǽңĿ׹ʢ
ҲˣɣҪҪһ𣿡Ŀ⿴һۡ
Ŀһ˵ӣ˵ҲˣŹȥȥͻأ
һɫ婡γɡͬʱҶ뿪ķ
ӦһĿޱڴĿʧķ
ҹΪǸͽǹعʿ￤͵ѫλ
ڽǹ䲻⣬ǸϴҽеĹܹܵĻ˵һ꣬ضвٲ֪Ĺ°ɣ
һŮȥꣿ
ǿĻǱġ
ֻҪǴˣԹϵġ
о첽׷ϢҶݸһЦ
ͻὯ婵ˣΪҶ淢˿ԲѴ֮ʰ婵˵ĺõط
ľӲݡҰֱ֣ΪСѡߵս
ҪõõҶƣһָͷö
ŲٽҶſתЦЦĿŸĽ婡γɡˡ
λǵȲҪǰɣҶͻس
Ҷ˹Ļý婵һ䣬͵ͣסŲʲô˼
װװ
װû˼ˣ⼸һֱĥģҪ֪ɱ𣿡Ҷ漥Ц
㣬ô֪ģ婾
ȴһȻ֪ˣǾɣү
һɲǣ婡γɡϴʹУͬʱͷ
СģйŹ֣


1211 С;
ʶĿԼ˫˫ţ̤ڲݴ˫ȸ棬ʱѾѪӲϢд̽ǵ
Ӳ֮У֮ɫĿ
úγ뽯Ҿֵǣ˿ڴѪȻѾʼ෢ڣȻЩ̽ľӲж
ΪߴصĽ婣һɲǼޱȵľʡ
ΪʲôҴ߶ҵΪʲôҵ޷߶
صΪʵеǿΪȴȵĶԸҶСһָЫýޱȿ־龰
Ըоµڵ鸮𣬵ȴ޷κ
û£һСѣ
ҶһЦ˫ĳֱӷж˽婵֫У׵ķС߶ʮ÷Ԫ룬ֱ˽婡γɡ˵ڡ
÷ԪСĴ߶·ӵ˼£ʼĳڵ
婡γɡ˵龪ֵ˹һ㣬˻ȴһ˿һΨڷŵ·һ㣬ͣʾǵѾ뵹ʱ
γ뽯һ˵λصĴڣΪޱȵۻ룬ޱȵĳ棬ֱӣľСΪϢֱ߿쭡
ʮ÷ԪСȫ߶֮£ȡٶȷɿޱȣ婵ΪϢڷɿĵš
أ
أ
һأ
أ
أ
ӲĹ򣬽婵Ϊ͵䵽֮£ǵϢֱԺԲƣ˲Ϣ˥˼ʮһ㣬üëûҰܲѡ
СΪ򿰿һغڡ
ںγ뽯ˣ÷Ԫĳ֮£ʮϢûס˾ͱˣ˵ΪСԣԺԲơ
Ψһϧǣֳȡı˵ΪҶȴ޷á
ҲֻСĹ̥ƾľݵԣ޼ɵȡ˵Ϊ
ȻǰλҶһҲ˷ѡ
˾ޱȵĿУҶֱǣǿݽѾ鸮ȡ˵꣬ʩطӡ֮ӽ˴ָ
ʱˣǽ婣ôҲܸҶһΪ
˵ĴָҶ沢ûзŹ
ǽ婵ĴָҶЩڴ
ǰޱȿֲ󣬾Ǵӽ婵Ĵָȡġ
ǿֱӺ俪婵ĴָҶȴЩʧ
ûǵޱսԼ뿪ʱȴǱµġ
ò˵婡γɡӣȫ
ϵƷʯҲǶʮѡ
Ҷ漱鵤γ뽯ϼһĿŰ룬婵иʮš
Ȼ٣ҲǿҶһˡ
뿪ʥˮʱҶѴϽɻһٶ鵤ȫηɰ뾸ʥˡ
ҶףʥֵʥˮΪʺǷչҪǣ½Żֻǲŷġ
ֵһ𣬼䣬˵ʬͻ˻ҽ
ֵſӣҶһεӪط˹ȥ
Ϊش֮ĳδ֪ԭ俪ķΧȵѹ
½Ҷɫ⣬ȫ߶֮£Է䵽ʮﷶΧǽɢԲһ֮ڣϿԼСά֡
ںĴ½ΧȴֱӱӲСʮ
ȱҶþȫɢԲǧ֮ڣң״̬£ҶְϢҪĸһɶ
£Ҷ潫ɢԲ֮ڣķȣһԽܵĳ̶ȡ
ҶЩΣڤڤУԼԼԸӦ½Ĵ½ƺļһ㡣
ν
ΨһֵҵǣҶ潫ˮֱ߷ĿӰ첢󣬵ҪƬɢȥͷǳĳˡ
Ҷƾɫ¶ֻɢȥңôɫͨأɢԶ
ԣҶһҲӪصĽǹܹߵĶ
ԣҶֵſصʱһֱεĿߵĹɫʱһ䣬ʶʵףأûͳ𣿡
ͳ찡һֱ׷ǵħȥ׷ɱˣҶЦ
ԣһħ
˵꣬ʱӦ˹νħ֮˵ȫĸΪ˺Ūǹģңħ婴ʱҲӦǶԸҶ棬Ǵȥ׷ɱ
ӦǷӦˣϧѾˡ
УҶЦ֣һͻأĴ˫Ŀ֮кֱ⧲֮µĹͷ
һҽжûз˫ĿɵĴģй⻪˲ɢһصء
ʲôˣ
Ǿҵ겨ڵĽǹӰƺҪ
Ҷ漸ٶ˹ԣһѰ¹ϵĴָͽʬ˳»䡣
һվǹոմ
ͳأôˣŽʣҶһˣǹЩɻ
£ͳǸոշ⼸һֱǵħμһ׷ɱȥˡҶ˵
ħ
°ӹһεĽǹشһʧɫĩˣ̽ͷҶ㡭뱾һ㡭
ҶЦЦ߽ǹһ̽ĴָĿǰʱЩϲ
ܹλ˽ڻõѫλ֮ôľֱѪ
鵤ֻ࣬ʮš
Ǹ˽ⶾĵҩÿֶʮƿϣʮš
̷ҶͿš
ƷʯĿȻ˰ƷʯҲһͷȻһתȥ̺ޱȾƷʯ
صģȴЩǴָдŵĴܵ۹ĹƾеֱһС;⡣
ڳϻ˰£ҶѾ˽ࡣ
鱬ħһǿĵõľ󹭡
󹭲ֻһ׿⣬׵鱬ħʸһȥͿԽһ۷ĴںƬ
鱬ħһʮʸһʮ鱬ħʸȥԷŻҲܺɱ
ŻڣҲˡ
鱬ħڹĴָУȻڶʮܣ
ʮ鱬ħͬʱʮʸԿγѹƻ¾ͨ񾳵ĴˣҲһ衣
ʮ鱬ħ󣬵ȹξְ֮ʮŷȥƾʮ鱬ħ󣬾ԿԺɨǧҵľš
벻þѰ
˵ǣĴָ鱬ħ׵Ƶ鱬ħʸȻߴǧϻ
ÿϻʮ㹻ʮ鱬ħǺٴΣ㹻һС;ˡ
ܹ϶Ϊʲôṵ̂īһأҶЩź


1212 װͻ
һҹˣⶼһҹˣΪʲôͳ˻δ
峿ת̤ĽǹתһȦʱʼˡ
Ҷһĵģȥ׷ɱħҲˣҲܡ
ʣµĻҶû˵˼ײʶĳֿܵĽǹʱͱò԰ֽĵ˻񣬡ô죬ô죿˵ţͼΪĿ⿴Ҷ档
£õѡ񣬾뿪ֻҪ￤ڣϾͰȫˣҶ˵
뿪ȽͳǻǹЩãȻ
һҹδ飬ʮа˾ȻʧǿӻأһģܻǿħҶ˵ѻɫ
ħǾ뿪뿪ǹѾǾ֮
Ϣ֮ҶǹһСèıϣ뿪Ӫء
뿪ʱ򣬽ǹҶһ㰵֮ģ˵ǽ婵˻ῴ
һ㣬ҶֻǰЦѡ
婹ˣԶܻˡ
ܹܵ˽ӣ˺ܻ飬ϧǣȱδͱҶɵˣҲҶʡ˺ܶ鷳
ǹܹ֪׼ıǮȫҶ棬᲻Ѫأ
½ʱҶ滹ûожҪΪȱԭ߷вֻٶˡ
ںĴ½ҪԾͳ׵ֳ
з츳ֿƾ츳ޱӿٶȣܵĴӰ첢̫
ٶȲ£ɵķһһҹҪϢ
һҶҲǽ˳鵤Сè￤УԸԳʱˡ
鵤ЧҲͳˡ
Ҷʹ鵤Чһ൱½ʹüƷ龧Ч
Լ߱ķȡ
ķȣûôˣ൱ҶǰһЧ
ѾǴˡ
ֻ鵤ܹͬʱһʱεҶʵٶȿһ
Ʒ鵤ЧǿҶͻȻͺ֪ƷƷ鵤ģǺЧ
ҶĿǰٶȼ㣬һ鵤ֻܹ֧Ҷʮҵʱ൱½³ͷʱ䡣
ңҶΪ鵤ٶҲڻ
ҶƣĿǰʱ䣬Ϊܹӿء
ʱ䣬ֻҪʮһ鵤㹻ˣĿǰӽʮ鵤֧Ҷӽʱ䡣
ʵϣʮ鵤Ҷһĵġ
Ϊ鵤ģֹҶһ
ҶľڵС鵤Ĵ󻧣ٶȣÿ߰죬ܹĵһ鵤Ҷ
ͬʱԴһǰ鵤֮Сèͳ׵ķǰϲ龧Щʳˣ׵ϲ鵤
ȻСè鵤ٶҪһЩǼܲסʱడ
Ҷ棬һʮʱ˱չؿ֮⣬ܱʱͶˡ
СèޣֻҪ鵤븹Уһʮʱһ鵤
ϺҶһ㣬һҪ鵤
һСһĿŵҶһ¾Ҫĵ˿鵤ʮ鵤һ߶ԹˣҶԣҲ߰˸µ
ԣҶڼҪҵ鵤
ֻҪг鵤Ҷţʱ䣬Ϊܹﵽ۷塣
ֻҪų鵤Сè˵ҲͻĿǰƿϣ
Сǻѹһ̥ʮԶ˽ʱִһ̥
г鵤֪ɳʲôĳ̶ȡ
⼸ʱ䣬Ҷ뵽µķСķ
ĳԭԤʣ·̵̣졣
ʵϣҶɵ婵˵ĵڶ￤ĶǾ룬Ѿʮ
ʮѾԴݷѶˣ˼йƼĽǹһߵѶϵﲮ
ڵڶʱ֣פһ￤߾ɳһ֧˴ǰӼݡ
֧￤ı߾ҶĸоǼ𺳵ġ
˴֮Уͨı䣬Ż꺣Ϊȫͼࡢ½Ϊޡ
ļ⣬ſµȱͨʿشǧﵽƷ
ʽװ½ʽԶֻǿףںĴ½һͲʿʽףﵽ˱
ǷѪɫ⻪ʸ𿴵岻ǿȺ帲ǿ߶档
ͼʿѾǻ꺣ˣְ˾ͳʮ˵ʲȫǻ꺣صΪΪߴ
𾪵ģΪߴص˴ͳ˧֧˴ǧװͻš
֧ǧװͻŹһǧߺһɣʽװȫһߵʽװȫƷ
ÿ˵ı׼װס󹭣ȫƷ
ңҶһʦĿ⿴Щʽװ֮Ĺ֮֮ͨ£ԱԶ䱾Ʒ׵
Ҷұ֤֮£ҶʵԸɵ֧װͻŵʮңȻ󣬾ͻᱻ⣡
ǾʥʥƺʥҲ޷ס֧װͻŵĳ棡
־Ҷޱȡ
һССĿһľôߵȼĿأͳµĴܵ۹ľأ
һ˲䣬ҶԺĴ½׳ޱȵȤ
Ĵ½ӥӥյĵط
Ҷ߳Ƶĵط
ںĴ½½ǳµһѣ
ǰӭݵľӣһʱ佫ǹͬʱһˣŽҶΧ
Ϊ׵ɷ˫Ҷ棬нǹһ£Ҷ⽴˼
ת￤һ۱ر֮£ǹȫٴαǸ߸ޱȵĹ¡
һָһĿ⿴Ҷ棬й⻪תȻʲôֻǻû¶İˡ
ҶȻ֪ǹʲô
ңԤϵ
ǹʥˮӣ̫ˣһξֻ볹׵ȴ
Ҷʥˮˣȴʱʱ̵̿Ƕβ׵ļ䡣
ֻҪɵҶ棬Ǹ߹ޱȵĽǹ
ֻҪҶһ죬߹ʱ̮
ڣǸɵҶʱ
˽ս֮Уǹ֮еʢ


1213 һΪ
£Ǵڻ֮·κ·֮٣ֻĩһϣ
߾οŽǹؾǹߺȣ˭ҶԹ²˭ǻһУ
޵У
޵У
ű߾ĺȣľ߾˻ںһɤӣʯ·Хһ㡣
У߾ĸѪĶҶ棬ٶ䣬ҶķҶκβľٶʱͻĹ
ɱ֮£ҶΡȻûһ˿һĲޱĶű߾Цݣ
ǰ״ҶԿ϶￤ĹﲮѾǹĳֲΪ֪Ľ
ǰ߾Ҳܵ˸߲⣬ҪȻҶ滤йһ˶Դ
ʿĺХҶ滹治
Ϊͳ˧ǼĹģģǴ˰ٱֹ
ƣҶУѹСơ
ǹ˫֮еԽȼԽѾԾԾ֮⡣
£ѵΪ婡ҡγȥ׷ɱħ𣿡Ҷ̾Ϣͻڽǹ꺣
ո˷ޱĽǹ͵زһ£Ǹ߸ϵϣظһ˿֡
㡭ʲô˼ǹ̫仰ǶҶ꽻̸ġ
£浱ҶĳǻҰЩ߹Ĺںľν˰ɣ
һѹ꣬У˽£ֻ֪
뷽跨ĳңǾ̫޴֣ԣ婡ˣ뿪ˣţϢ뿪ˣҶ浭ȻЦ
ǹ˶Ťһ£㣬㵽ʲô˼˵
ʵԽǹǻۣȻ֪Ҷ˵˼ˣǲģ
׶ǲģ
ϾҶ֪ܣֱ繣ں
ҽЩ¼˼˽婵ˣǿϣһƻıԴѪʩ˵ķ
ˣµʱ֮£ǷͻɢĸȻܹڵݣʱǻ湫һЩ飡
йعӵţǺĴ½ϴϢ˵أҶЦһ峺˫ûһ˿һĸ顣
ԭ׼˱ҪЮʮЮֶΣǣ婵˵ɱȴ±ʡѡ
ǹĽ޷ƵľҲĲ԰ޱȣҶĿ⣬رԹޱȡ
߾οŽǹɫ仯鶸رÿޱȣȻϣţҡ
޽ˣǹʱĳֹĨһǼ̲סЩжѡ
ܻҶйģѾӦ޽ҪΪҶǹ˵
ξĿһ۽ǹõɲ̫һ
ǹˣҲֻӣһӣΧסҶڶྫ񶸵ɢȥ
Ҷ濴ŻʧɫĽǹиһ˿Цֱ˽ǹĳܣһŽǹĳȥ
£ԻĺãߺһҶѹųڵĽǹ˵£Ӧúúõ̸һ̸ˡ
βĿһ۵Ҷ棬ǹҧһЦЦҶĹĻ࣬ǱߵĻӰһˣҲǲ벻űܷģ
ǹĻ֧˴˽ģȫ䱸ĻŽǹ￤Ķǰ
Ǻܺ㣬ҲӦףʧ겻ΣأҪһƱһ֤ף
һԷأò˼죬Էͻᴫ£ųҶ˵
ֻҪصĻҪŶپж٣㣬ֻҪվڱǰͻʥˮڵĽǹЩŤ
ԣҲ˺֣婹˲ҵİǰȥҶ˵
ԣǹɫһڣЩһѪ
㡭ǲʶ죬ôܻǵΣǹɻ
Ʋģ»֪㸸׵ѫλѾξ˰ɣţֻҪǸѫλĲƲ¶ӦЩƻҶ͸ǣ
ȻǾͳ޼սѣҶ˵
ΪʲôֱұֻҪɵ㣬ЩƲһԸǣ࣡ǹһԹ
°ȻܹɱңҲпɱǣǸϣȫһ㣡Ҷ˵
㡭ǹƵֱѪ
ʵ£ɲ˵ģֻҪõӦõͣҾͻٶ뿪￤Զ̤￤
ֻҪõͣʥˮ£ҾͻһɶԶҲἰ֣Ҷ˵
棿ǹһϲֱޱȣ㣿
ҶָָԸԹϿǵӰʵƨ룬ҽʥˮ˵ȥʲôôأ
ϾҲʥˮ˻Ϣй¶ȥҲвС鷳
ʵ໥֮ܣ˭˵˭֪ԣΪ˫Ե棬ǶӦؿƿҶ˵
ͣ뿪ǹЩģ
Ȼѵ㰵ɱ𣿡
ԣǹʹҧҧ촽ôʹһΪ
һΪ


1214 ѫ
ǰǹЩ̸Ҷٷ
ϣֻҪٳʲôʣǿƽ뿪￤ġ
ȻҶ֪Ľ̸󣬽ǹƵķһͨѶҶƣǹӦڷֲҽ婡˵䡣
ǹûзɵҶ뷨Ͼֻ˲ܱܣ
ǣǹȫµ̽ҲҲ婹˵ġ
ԣЩ죬ҶҪһݣȵŴǰ
жԭҶֻҪһܹ·̣֧н˶ʮ졣
Ȼÿһо·̣Ҳ˵ˡ
Щ޵·ͨʿ䣬Ȼֻл꺣Ϊһʮףɡ
֧߾ѵΪʿɶӵ뻮һĿ粽ɣǸоǿһ֧޲һ㡣
ҶĺˬܿľЩͨʿ仹еͽ׵ľٴһƬ
ǵĽ̸֮УҶǳ׵˽⵽˶ξѫλļֵ鵤
鵤Ҷеĸ
ųɵսʿֻ֪鵤ֵָû鵤
߾ͼʲӳ֮УΪսξѫλĵͼ٣ÿԻһ鵤ʹ͡
ÿӵдӵ۹ٷʮ鵤޶ʸ
ڵ۹Ĺٷڣһ鵤ĹٷۼһƷʯһٶʮƷʯһǧƷʯ
۸ܸߣܺڣںϣһ鵤ĺмһʮƷʯƷʯ
һʮ鵤ĳʮƷʯļ۸ĳЩϣĳʮƷʯϵۡ
£ѫλļֵ
ǲϮ͵ξҲֿȡ
һĳսʿͨսõξѫλ˵ģƾÿ鵤Ĺ޶ʮ꣬Смҵף
ûʯ鵤
ںĴ½ûʯѫλֻҪѫλЩĵ˻źŸṩʯ
͵ξľĿܼ򵥣նܻõξѫλ
նָնɱħսϵħ塢ԼʹӾ
ܵ۹һϸ׼ֵб
ţ磬ҶܹնɱǰϹħֵħ˧ħħѪĴڣ
Ҷֱӷ
ܵ۹λɸ߼ΪСÿλַΪȣλ֮£ѫλһΪξУ˧࣬ÿĵȹʮѫλ
￤͵ĶξǵĵѫλÿԴӵ۹ٷȡ鵤ÿ޶ʸȴһٿţ
ֻҪҶ㹻ĲƸһŪһ鵤ѣǿҶɡ
ЩʿޱĽԭ˵һξѫλ棬㹻һˡ
ҲΪѫλλϵ棬Ĵ½γһ޷ݵĹ塣
мߣԷάȨ˵Ǵܵ۹Ļʵޱȵĸı
£϶ͱޱȵĿ̡
￤ÿǰħսľûпܻõѫλλġ
õѫλλֻսƴ
ĵĻ˧õѫλҲֻǵʮѫλѡ
Ȼ˵ĵط棬Ļ˧еһЩ䣬Ļ˧ҰİµĹѫܲ㣬⹫´ࡣ
ǵҰİһҲֻõ˧һѫλѡ
ԭܼ򵥣ڴܵ۹Իģ㹻Ȩƣ̲Ҳûпܡ
ǣڲõսȴ޷õĴܵ۹ٷĳϡ
ǣµսýͣȻ˭άֵλ
ǺΪԼȨƣÿɵħսϵʿǻõսͻһۿۡ
ЩĴ壬ҪһЩսԱʱóͳӡ
ܵ۹ĸӵи߶ȵȨְλǾλѫλķͣȴڴܵ۹ڡ
ûдܵ۹ĹٷӡַԼеľλȴһǮֵ
ԣȱЩĹҪķԼ£Ҳħ׼ܵ۹ٷһȻܹõĴܵ۹뷷ľλѫλ
ǽǹĹӡһ㣬ֻдܵ۹ӡ˾ƵӡǰƣҲѹ޷ð䡣
ԣԽǹ֮еξ￤Ĺﲮûʵħ׼ܵ۹ٷһġ
￤Ʒξ֮£ڻõĴܵ۹Ƶӡ֮￤ﲮͿѫ
ξ֮£Ҫǰߵȼķߴܵ۹Ķǲѫʽ
ЩʿĻ￤΢ÿħսϵն٣ѫλ
֧߾ĽεѫλҲǶξѡ
һξͳ˴ˣ
Ҷ֮࣬ҲЩڴ
ȻξѫλĺôɲֹЩȨֱ洦ɼ
ЩʿĻҶԸ￤ڣиһֻҪԴû⣬ͿԳ˹ģľˣǰ;
һСС￤Ҷǿϵġ
ңҶ￤˯ȣ
ǹص￤ƣûеô󣬶Ϣıӽ￤Ĺ֮С
Ҷ棬ҲһȺɢĹһľլԺ֮аӡ
ÿʳź򣬵ҲûеҶ棬ҶҲżȴ
һɢϢ̫࣬첽߽ҶסԺ䣬Ҷ׳ʿԡ¡
ǣҶЩɻ
սΪҶ׳ʿѫ¾磬лҶ׳ʿ֮


1215 ܺȻǲҺȣ
ѫ簲￤ڳڵĳлڣһľ߻ʼ԰֡
ʢ˷죬滨涷ޣʯ飬̨׶ûƽɡ
ɶ칤ǶǧƷʯ󷨴߶£졢ˬޱȡ
󷨴߶£ʯڵԪɢɾһͷ
ݺ½ֱ
Ĵ½ԺɫΪ￤һɫۣһƳ룬ȥִżš
Ҷ汻̫лʱ￤ﲮ͹ЦӭţһסҶۣ󲽵Ҷŵȥ
Ҷ׳ʿ֪ܽǻͻֱǾϷһϷӣΨнһŮ֡
ֱϷĸα
ʧϷҹ£ҹ˼ʳ֮ζһЩţ̫ҽ˵ȥϷʮꡣ
ڶʮǰϷյǹķѶʱθڴ󿪡ʳһֻⲻʮ첻Ϸ;ͷʴһ밡
֪Ϸ򵽵жм㰡
Ҷ֣һߴҶǰУһ߸Ҷܳлس
￤Ľͳ컪ޣ￤ĽҾͳŵλʶΣйҲҪһͣ
Ͳ࣬Σֻλﲮ飬ֱӽҶ͵˾ǰӲҶ£ŷλֱ鵽˼㡣
ƣҶ浹Ҳܾסֻﲮʵ̫ˣﲮԣƺҲ
صﲮһ֮࣬ǰѫ
˵ţﲮңңһֵѫҴޱʥ֮£ɵʥԴѫҴܽʥǵȴ£ɲκи
λϷңʥӣ˵ţﲮߵſڣȳŶȥ
Ҷ֮࣬Ҳźָ̫ιﲮһ׷ޱȵͻ˽һӵĹ
ﲮ֣أҶҲͷˡ
ǹӦû˼
Ϣ֮Ҷ浥ϥ򶫷ﲮһ̴Ӷŵȡһöɫͷӡ˫ֵݸҶ档
Ҷ׳ʿǶξӡһαԴѪ룬ͻΪܵ۹ϵѫλξԺ󣬽ҴܵҶξȨ
ʥѫ
ӱһԵ񵶣һҶƳһαԴѪͷӡ֮УɲǼ䣬һҶ걾ԴΪ֮ĺϢͷӡ֮г
޾ϵӡڴ￤ʿҶѫλξ
ͬһɲǣӡձİһãȻҶͷģһҶѪĸоس֡
Ƕξѫѫڣ񡢹ɥµȣشѫҪǱѲʷһǣɱϷûѹ㣡
˵ţﲮʾһԵŮ̫൱Ҷڣѫɡ
λͳ죬ڣǰףҶ棬֪ôģεףҶһĸо
⣡
ﲮһͺȣʱǰϥﲮǰ
ӼȿΪǹͳ죬ıװͻڣȫ͵ظıΪǹ
ңչ󣬽ǹģൽ
ǣ³һĻϲ
ҶȴЩԾﲮ۰ǹ治Ǹǵģ￤еľűƣ£ʮѣȻ˽ǹʮ֮һ
ߵл֮ﲮٴηЦѱϣ磡
ɫʳˮ۵Ķÿһʳ磬ʳģΪ̺Ե
ܿģﲮ;˾ƱҶ澴֮ʣȴһЦϷȴǺͿˣһƣɽַҶξл
ǣ
Ϣ֮ޱȵҷعȹ嶣졢һӺݻĽǹң̤ϴﲮһﲮнӹ˶ʾף˫ַҶ档
ǰǹԹ֮𣬾ȻҶ浱һܻȫҶξƴȣһˮƣлҶξ
ž֮ʣǹһһָͱҶ֮Уͬʱǹ괫Ҷ鸮
Ҷ棬ǱӦͶѫλڣӦ飬ѾȫӦ飬Ӧûǵðɣǹ
ģ֮ᣬҶͻ뿪￤Զ磬Ӵ˲̤￤һǽеֻҪƽ뿪￤΢ͻɷ飬ٵģҶص
ԣǹ¶һĵЦݣٴεϾףҶξ˱
ˬһЦҶӹףһͷ֮еĽƣһ
˭ҲûпɲǣҶ񶸵رޱȣϾͻظ
ޱȵһŵھ׵£ĽǹҲûп
Ҷһǹһ˿ĪЦ⣬ҶξȻӢۺܣԳ⣡þ
ҶһЦЦŽǹһȵıһˬǹϵЦҲԽԽŨ
״ˣλлҶξʹ˸ˡ
Ƚǹ˵꣬ҶͻһǹϢĿס˽ǹš
ǹ֮ʣﲮ졢εȫվˣθָҶŭʲô쵰Ϸſ
ҶЦЦֶһ̴˶ľƺԽеľ׵ȻﲮЦλõģҶĳֻǸжڹЯ֮ԣؾһƣ빫
˵ţҶͽһ׾͵˱סĽǹǰ
ǹ飬ɲǱþޱȣŭ㣬ſңӲƣ
ӲƣҶЦǲܺȣǲҺȣ
һﲮ鶸رޱȣһ֣˷ܼļʿ
ҶξǲǺȶˣ
Ϸ㻤йԲƽƺʧ֮˹ﲮ
ƺʧ£ҶЦЦеľ˽ǹߣֻҪһ׺ڤɢ궾ƣҶĳƺʧµΣ
˵ţҶҪƺڤɢ궾ǿǹʱͺýǹð촽
ң
ﲮλ컹ͬʱųɱҶ档
뻮һļУǧĽ԰ڳ˴ڣͷģȻҶǰڱ߾ս侪˵װͻţ
λɢſֲϢ˵̫ҲڴĽڣסҶıӣûκα飡
ֻɱ
˱ɱһһϮҶ棡


1216 ʬɢ
Ҷ棬ʶģ㻹Ƿ˽ǵĺãҪȻֻҪϷһ£ؽ࣡ﲮǰɢϢһߣתۼ䣬ϢͰθߵ۷塣
ʵʵѹ·ɽһйҶ档
㵱ɵ𣿡Ҷһ˿񣬱ôкǿ߰Χ˷Χû˽ǹƣ

ﲮǱų֣ͷֻһΣƾֵҶǰһƾҶ浱ͷ¡
ۻɽѹ£˷Ŀı
ʣǱһƸʵˣҶƷ׻壬ҲֲȥҲˣ
ҲǴӱʳֵһɲǣҶѾ˽ͨ״̬ﲮֵҶǰҶҲڵһʱӦˡ
֣ҶԥĽеĽǹӭﲮӡ
ҶϵģﲮȻûƣӡԸ˽ǹԴ
Ҷ澪Īɲǣﲮһգֱ˽ǹ߸ķвһö

鿪ɲǣһˮĹ⻪ӽǹ͵ؾͽҶŽǹҪԵ
һɲǵʱﲮرצΪƣֱץסǹٴһΣʹҶд˽ǹǹҶн˳ȥ
ɲǼ䣬ҶﲮȻֵ⣬Ѿˡ
ҲҶԺĴ½˽ⲻ㣬һηַֻ͵ı
СӣϷ򶷣㻹Щصɲǣﲮһֵɱ
ɱֻδڣҲﲮžȳĽǹոصɲǣܱܲߵԻ֮Уһļ̡
ݺݵĴ̽ﲮǹ˵ڣﲮǹոճֵɢϢľλ̫ҲС
ǵעȫﲮҶϣѹ벻Ļ辰ͻȻıˡ
ңע⵽ҲܷûκϢǵڡ
λ̫ࡢﲮǹ˵ɫͻرùŹޱȡ
ﲮѸɢǾλ̫ɢҲɢ˴롣
ҶľСĽˣΪ˶ԸЩǿߣҶĵĽһƿָЫĵ˽ӽ֮һ
һɲǼ䣬ﲮͷڵıʣɫرޱȵѿ
ס֣
ﲮһոձҶĽҴͳ졢η׷ȻףڴſڵװͻţѾе׼Ҷķ򸲸
ﲮһ֮£ֻͣ
Ȼı㣬ҶĳҲǳصģô⽩ʬɢζΣҶЦ
ʬɢʧĽʬɢôУﲮɫرñҪѿ֡
ôеĹ㲻ùܣʬɢ⣬жһ죬ϣ޷κˡжڶ죬ɢȥʼӲж죬ؽڿʼýֱֻߡж죬꿪ʼɢֻʣ
⽩ʬɢҶ֪һʧ涾жһı飬͸ָЫһģһ
Ҷ£ָЫŲסˣͰ˽ʬɢͷȻˡ
ҲҪףҲɡǹֵļ
Ҫ˵ˣʬɢϷȻ֪ģ˵ɣ㵽βܽҩеŭֱҲ벻Ȼ﷭
Ҷ治ÿɷЦЦĿ⿴˽ǹϣҶǰԼҲӦ㣬һسŵ벻ܣΪλҪ¶֣
ǹҶĿԹޱȣƭң˵飬ƭң㣿
Ҷüͷһ壬ڽ˵ƭ㣬ҲɰɣͻأҶĿⶢŽǹ֪ڽ˵ƭ㣬Ǽ£㲻֪
Ҹ׻˼Ĵһλʦ֣λʦ˵һǰѹ߽Ӧ㣡ǹ˵
ʦҶüͷٴû뵽Ϊ飬Ȼһλδ˵ʦƾ֪ˣȻڵľ档
ҶĴ½ʱ̫ݰҪҶ泹˽˺Ĵ½Ͳִ᷸
һУһжڸ׵ƿ֮УֻǱδϵͨ񾳵Ĵɢڤɢ궾ȻãȻãǹЩ
ʵڤɢɢҶҲǲʶС£Ҷϳⶾ
ںȵеĶƣڲֱСˣʣһ֣Ѫ߶ֱ֮ͽ飬һ֮ͳ׵ɾˡ
СһѪеĴм䣬ǱҶеĻҪӲٱ
Ҷ棬˵ɣҪôſϽҩﲮز廰
ҩ
ģǹ˵ֵʲôۣʲôɣҶ˵
ǵֵʲôۣнҩඣǶظһ˿թôɱ㣬ҵҩඣ
ɱ
նɱҶߣһɹѫѫλѫѫŭȣͬʱŽҴͳݣ
޺͹λͳٶǰǶڴſڵװͻŵʿǣ۾ȴǺˡ
Ǿװͻڻһ꣬Ҳܹѫλ
ڣֻҪɱҶܹѫλʱһ۾˻
ҲǽɲǣҶӿҶһһֱӳײ˶ڵſڵװͻȺС
˵ﲮɵ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ΪҶĹĿӦҶ澹Ȼ˵Ĵǲ
Ҫңϣﲮλͳȵ
ޡ˳ȥɲǣɻҶѾװͻ֮гײһһٻͨ
Ƕǰװͻ֮пߣǶƷҶǰҲֻܰű֭Һճɽ̿
ڣʱͲĴ̱Ƕ⿾ζ
ҶĻ֮еʿ޲˱ᣡ
գ۵ĹҶͳ˳л嵽԰֮С
԰֮УʱȫǵǹӰҶʱ˴ذΧ֮С
״ոսĽǹͳδϲΧ֮У㻹ӣ
λҶ棬ͣͣ޷һ˿һﲮ˻
ޡͬʱӦЦҶĿǿѫλƸһ㣬ɽһѹҶ档
ڴʱҶȴǸһ˿Ц
һ̤һȦɫ·ˮһɢ˷
ɫ֮Уƺ̺Զšֱĺһ㡣
ɫ֮ӴĹ԰֮еĹֲľ׷ѹ
һһŲ׷װεض𣬵ضɽҡ֮Уһ޴ˣֱһ֦ǵĻҶΧ
ǹޡʱͿĿɿڴĿᣡ


1217 ɱ
һɹɵľˣǵĻҶߣһ·ֱײ԰ܲʿʱͱײǶϽۣҽ
˲Ϣ䣬԰ʱңﲮǹޡε˸Ŀɿڴ
֮࣬⼸λķӦҲǸǵġ
ȻⱾ£ǳϷԤϣﲮһһССĿѣޣһò°ɣ
ģ
ﲮأеһ˳ǹѾҶ档
ѫλְλħսɱġ
𿴻ޡ˵Ϊθߣʵսȴֻǿ
˵ģֵڷӦͿԿ
Źʱͻ䣬ޡ֮࣬ͣԭأʶĹΣա
βͬεν΢΢һͣͼٳҶ棬ɱһҶ档
Ҷ۾΢΢һС
ΣӦ˵Ҷ̤Ĵ½սǿһλߡ
ǵǹƥƾһ·ɼĳǹȻҶһ˳ĸо
·һˣһֻ˾š
һҶ涸ӭεĳǹһȭ˶ȭӡݺݵĺεĳǹǹϡ
ȻȻ
ȻУƺһԱʱٶȷŷ˻ȥ
εǰѾǽһƬã¶˹⻪˸Ļףһһں̣ҶĿýޱȡ
ҶһİȻ
һȭҶֻǽǰɱ뵽ȭӡ֮аˣȭѡ
ǵɵȭӡҶ󷨶ѣֻ൱ڶǿȡ
ҶεʵսĴ½״ں̶ֳȡ
ɵĶȭ֮ǰĶֹڷһȭεơΡ
ҶƣĿǰǿȭӦÿǻɱΡ
֮ͣʣҲ嵽ߣĿͬʱΡ
СӣȷʵЩŵǿҪףҪնɱܵ÷ЩֽţζҶ˵ǣһϣһУʹԽնɱ
ǿҲֻǿضѣ
ʵϲƴ˶İϷҶͻŵһЦ
ƾЩ𣿡ЦһһֱĵĿ⿴Ҷ߾۽ǣǻҼƺɱģ
Ҷľ֮ͨеͨѵˣӰΪϢߵ͵Ҫ㣬һҶΪǿһЩıˡ
һʮľҶ滽ѻΪսʱΪҶһ󾳽磬ǰ֮ΪϢֻҶһС硣
ǧĻľһľͨѣΪϢҶǿѪʵĻսӵǿ
ԣҶߴʱ۽ǿʮλڵ֮⣬ȫ꺣мĿĻ龳
εĳЦҶڵСʱףʩչľͨټԶҾԿԸŪʮλӵս
СΪѾߴغڣټһ壬ʩչľ֮ͨЧ֪ҶҪǿ϶ٱ
£Сʩչľͨѡ
ӦĿǰ״Ҷ滽ѵЩ㹻ˡ
Ҫǣڽͨ״̬µҶ棬һֱӵĸо
˴пӵĸоԣҶҲ뱬¶ȫĵơ
𣿡
Ҷ¶һ˿Цݣͻһ֣ʮ鱬ħϻʹҶĳ»֮зɳ
Ҷ׼ޱȵ£׼䵽ҶΪϢǿĶʮλ֮С
鱬ħɲǣΡޡ˵Ŀͱȼ˹ҪҪѿ֣θǾĲҪ
ˣһͨУôִɱ
ﲮǿɵۣʮ鱬ħ󰡣⣬ҲУ
Уһ
ǻħսƴɱõķѫ֮ôսһپ鱬ħ
һپ鱬ħ䣬ɹĻߣѹң
ѾɱӲá
ڣҶ澹Ȼһó˶ʮߣ׼ǣ
֪鱬ħﲮʱŻˣ
εľҶֻǱųһ֣
䣡
һɲǣ֧鱬ħʸرĿĹ⻪·ٵһ㣬ֱŻޡ˸ȥ
ʮħ󣬻ڳ»֮еʱҶͰװ˼ϻЩ˸һ֣Ҷһ£Ϳ
׹⻪£Ρޡ˵ɫñֽҪס
һɲǣ˾ͱ鱬ħʸĹ⻪׵ĸǡ
֧鱬ħʸǺĵطһ״СĢƣɲǼ䣬̳
̳ٴɢʱ򣬷ŹؼʱŽǹɿ˳Χﲮ촽
ŸҶѫĳл֮ʱѾʧˡ
һʧģΡޡˣԼΧװͻţ
װͻŰ￤ľӡ
￤װͻţֻһ˶ѣѾ￤ˡ
ڣȫʧֱʧʮ֮һ
ˣﲮĹĽҴͳ컪ޡҲʧˡ
Σﲮʵǵһα߾Ԫ˧ģϾǴħսϻŻľӢǱǷ
ڣȫʧˣ
ȻõƵ鱬ħʸﲮָ߶µָҶ棬ŭʹѾ˵ˡ
ǹֱɵˡ
ζû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼܹôǿ
֪˽ѾϢ֮󣬽ǹﲮҶܹϢĸɵĽ婣Ϊǲ򵥡
˽ѫʽϰŵôһңҲϢĸɵҶı⡣
ζ벻Ҷ澹Ȼ
ֱ찡
ޱȵĵڶҶѾٴκȻҺ䣬ɱܱߵľӣҪ
һЦҶͳָЫ޷κǹ
ﲮŵɫҲ˲ʲô˽ֱܵӷ˻ʦʦ
нݣ
ӵ̫ǷɿķһһѶɲǼ䣬˶
ǣνԶⲻ˽ʡ
޷ﲮܵٿ죬ҲܲҶ档
νһҶͷ䵽ﲮǹǰһЦ
ﲮǹͬʱĸߺɤŽе죬Ҳǰȼݡ
κʿҳᱻֳ鱬ħ˸ɱֱӳɽƵĺɱ
ҶʱĳЦͻش
֮һͬģǿޱȵϢ
Ҷͫ׶һͨ񾳵Ĵڣ


1218 ﲮ
˼˼￤ȻҪһڵСһˣҴܵ۹ˣ˾ʵϷ룬ǽգȻܹĿãʵǡ
ʵ̫ˣͻ˴żѹֵıЦ
ЦУһλɫͷڡͻش֣֮ЦģʮֵעĿ
Ҷעģȴ䲻һĻɢϢλɢϢȻͨ񾳵Ϣ
˫£λˣɢϢֱͨ񾳺ڡ
λߵһۣҶæŲĿ⣬һ˲䣬Ҷ۾Ȼһֱʹĸо
ͨ񾳵Ĵڰôһ־
Ȼ֮ʣҶͻȻһ˼顣
Ҷ汾Ϊ껹λͨ񾳵ĴڣﲮԮҲˣܻﲮ
ĻҶ鷳ʹˣܲ˵
Ҷ淢ֵ֣ɲǣﲮþͱùŹޱȣǹĿȴǱò۽ǵⲻͣĴҶɨƺڵʲô
磬ôˣǹͻؾʹϼ˷ζĿ̫ˣҽͽʰˣ
ȴζĿ˽ǹһۣӣ˾˼ĳ棬ôأ
ǼҿţЦ
ǹɫһڣﲮȴǿЦųŸ߿֮е깰ֵү뿴ķϣ֡
û˵꣬ϿͻһҶΪĿǿϢ
ںүû˳֮ǰֵϢǿĻߣ϶ڳΪһˡ
ںүǰɢΪϢͲˡ
ͨ񾳶أ
ߣﲮʱϲʦˣʦСӣСе鱬ħ󣡡
һڵСӣģϷϾֲޱȵϢش￤ʦӹ
ӹҶɲǣһںүͻسӹķ졣
İһ͵￤ʦӹǰɱ΢΢һɢӹ𲻸κζ
ﲮɫʱͱޱѿү㡭ʲô˼
ҶҲЩ㲻ףԵ޹ʵģΪʲôҪҶ棿
ֱﲮĻֽĿ⿴Ҷ档
ûҶףĻУ˶ˡ
ͨ񾳵Ļֻһͺ׵ĳҶܣɭɭɱʱͽҶģҶ治Ҷֺ
Ҷ治֪ΪʲôһҶԿ϶ǰλͨ񾳵Ĵɱ֮£˽ľ֮£ֻҪ˶֣Ҷˡ
¶
ٶɫȼ˹Ҫѿﲮǹһ
ǹǽ磬ͽĶѳҩ
˴۾ǣȻ˽ǹĿңңҶ滺ʵľͨ
㷽ʩչģľͨɣӦ޳ľɣ
ﲮɫʱ䣬ǹȴҧӣһίޱȵģͷʱ׹̧ͷʱһίޱȳģ
Ҷסˡ
ľͨ
ľ
Ҷ滹ĲҶӻشصõľͨתҲľ
ʱҶ޳ľҲǺɵģƺûǰ˵ôš
ҶôһɣҶΧסһ䣬ͬʱһһĿһֱҶͷը
ֻһɲǣҶһ׾ͱеķ飬ҶһͷϢ֮л˷飬¶˰۵ͷƤ⡣
Ҷ͵صһʶһʲôĿ絶ˡ
ֲѹ絶һҶϣֱҶϵѡ
ľͨǲľͨͲˣľҲһƴεСһʼҶָԾ
㣬϶¶һ˿Ц⣬û뵽һΣȻ񵽱ˣǣһΣһлл
ǹԹĶһۣڣ;ֱɵҶǰ
ҶǰɣЧΣʵ
еѡ𣿡ҶЦ
Ǵˣϲ˴򽻵ˣô˵ӦˣЦ
Ҷ濴λͨ񾳵ĻһİۣܲӦ𣿲ܸҪʲôأ
룬үݣ²ȱְɣҶ˵
ȻȱѾ޳ɵľ֣ͨǺȱģЦ
ԣҶһҪһޣ
ޣ
°ͣһɣҪܹӮǳľ֣뿪ֺηȻʱ㻹뿪Ļ
˵ʵ£˴ԴˣǵһҪ뿪ģţﲮ졣
ǣǵʱ˵һ⣬Чһ꣬ܵЩôɣҶЦ
Ҷ治ôãһô֣׾Ͷس££
Ҫǻ˸Ҹᣬͱҹȥ㲻֪أһΣԲƽϣ´Σ˼
⻰ҶȻ
ϰߣ
Ҷȴû˼ٺһЦͳﲮ¶˸ɭȻ׹ŰүôָĿﲮ
ﲮĿͻһ
ǰﲮһҵ涾Ҫ͵õôүѵ֪ﲮֵʲô𣿡
˵ҶһЦǺүԸæǿ֣
һﲮǹ鶸رޱȵĽš
һ㣬ÿһĿ⿴Ҷ棬֣Сӣ⵽Ǻױأ̽أ
˵ȵĻ˻ֵﲮǵңŪ٣Ϳıˣ
ʱ䣡ңʱ䣬͸Ҷߣúõı󣬴
ס￤ʦӹİʱӦһūһ͵Ҷ󣬵üĿһҶģ
ﲮǹȴͬʱ
үɣүķϡ
磬㣬Ҫ𣿡ǹ˫Ŀһ죬ȻΡ
תߵһ٣ɫת䣬ǣϷˣ
֪⼸źʲôˣѧݼЩ¥ļŮõǰ԰ڣ
ԣǹ׻һĿ
⼸Ҳ֪ǣ㲻£򱾺ĺԺ𣿡˵꣬ƾʧ


1219 ؿ
뿪ķҶ˼Ŀһ۽ǹ
ǹ֮ڴǰҶԼ֮󣬻ҪָɵҶ棬˲ԸⱻҶŰѱ֮⣬λĵҲмֹϵ
ģ˵ˡ
뿪ʱµǼ仰Ϣ̫ˡ
ҶξҪū㣬뾡ܷԸҶҶϸĴһµҡ
룬ɢһݵϢǴǰϢ׷ſ˭뵽ôһһ˳̫һͨ񾳺ڵĴڡ
ͷǰˣ£ǲǵﲮԼǮžͺã٣ʬɢĶÿһ죬޷صĺ֢Ҷ仰е󣬺ԣ˵ﲮǹ˵ġ
ﲮãǹһ飬޷صĺ֢Զԣ̫ˡ
ʬɢ
⼸ۣһЦɭȻĿⶢһﲮ֮󣬾ͳҶҶξùūʲôֱӷԸūͺã
Ҷȴҡ
Ȼ֪רź˵̫࣬ͨ񾳵ʵҲҶ汣Щη֮ˡ
ҶĿɨһǧΪСһĲľ֣һ壬һȦɫ⻪ɢǧľֿһҶ֮󣬷е鱬ħ֮ת￤Ĺߡ
ﲮ򿪹ţҶ涸غȵ
ﲮݺݵĿһЩ뿪ķȴԥû
￤ٵĸһ㣬ﲮǿԺúõһҶЦ
ͬһɲǣҶ΢΢̤ǰһһɭȻޱȵĿⶢﲮ
ҵɭȻĿһɨﲮ鶸رȻޱȣĻ˻ֵ򿪹ǣšǳȥ
ʵҶľֻͨЩݵĿǻԶȥ
ҶӳϵľɢʱǾֻữľ
Ҷǲ⹬ֲ֮ľˣԭأֻẦǵ
뿪л·컯ΣͿǸԵˡ
˵ʵҲʱҶһδģʩչľ֮ͨʵѵս
ϴܵ۹Щǿľеǿ൱һֲսš
οǻСʩչľͨĻЩսֱӷ
Ҳǽ죬Ҷʶľͨļֵ
ңԣľͨӦóΪľͨƺ˿Ҷ޳
ңҶȻ޳ľ
ʵЩ飬Ҷ沢
ҶľͨʱŵһľʱľϹľ֮ھµľΪǿʮλԶžע
ԣľһ޳ɾľˣͨ񾳵ĴڣҲ޷˾ľġ
ȵԭ
һҶе鱬ħ󣬡ﲮס죡ֻʱ俼ǣʲôҩ
ҶĳҪ뿪ˣʱΣҶĳ޹ˣ
˵꣬Ҷһ뿪Է˴ǰǸСԺ
뿪Ҷ棬ﲮǹ˵ǣȴǿɬޱȡ
ı֮ǰҲ벻¾Ȼ
ʵҶ²û֮ڸҶԼ֮󣬻ҪָɵҶ棬йϵ
մܵ۹ĴͳȢֻȢŸ֮ǰһЩʽǹǺпܳΪҷ˵ģûд֮⣬ͷϵĸеĶˡ
Ȼùǣǹʱ°Ӷȥһʧپꡣ
һνǹһû鴦׵֪ģϢ˹˵ҪһλĹĻ
ļ֮£ﲮǹ׼ɵҶ桢ʱҶ¶ϢĸɵҶ棬ȻҸðҶ棬һо޷ˡ
˭֪ϵȴҶô̥ôĶ
ýǹģȴ뿪ʱ˵ǷȻѾʲôˡ
㵽ǻҪΪԸ
񣬵ʱⳡףҶ浥۵һס
Ȼﲮǲ׾ͷġ
ʰ̯֮ﲮŹʦӹ𼱼һľĴԲߡ
ʦʶ㣬ǧˣ˵˵µӦô죿ûн⽩ʬɢĶﲮʵ
֮ҪȷģеĵǲʧϹ涾ʬɢǵһҪ񣡡ʦӹ˵
ϷҲ޷ȫȷĿǰ״Ǹʬɢһ춾״һģһ
ǵڶ״ҲһĻǾˣʦӹ˵
ǣϷ򲻸Ҷģʬɢ涾ϵʱԽãµĺ֢Խ࣡
Ϲ죬˶һҲñɻʬﲮЦǧ֮ˣá
ôʥ뷷ﲮӵһ֮أԸðա
ϧʱ̫ˣʱ㹻һˣܹ⽩ʬɢ֮ʦӹ˵
ԣﲮشһ£еЩ֣ܳ￤ȫ͹ȥǿ̤ʥصĴš
ֻܱСˡﲮɫõĻҰޱȡ
ﲮʱҶڸ׽
ǰ˵һӦÿʲôʣ
ǰ˵￤֮Умֵıʲô
ǰϾﲮĵ߻ʲô

ȣҶЩ⣬һֱЦֻ¸Ҷģֻ壬شЩ⣬ͲְΧ֮ˡ
ǰ֪Ͽ϶ôܽﲮıѹեָһСΣ
һթǡʣѻõļжԶЩź̫̰ơ̰ƵۣҶ涸ط
ȻҶһǰʹ˫ʱͱޱȣ棿
棬ƻǰıȣҶ˵
ɽ
ޱȵĹѼɤ¸µĵЦЦҶ涼һëȻĸоû뵽Ҷξ֪ʶȤһ˶
Ҫ뽫ﲮˮҪեҶξҪ״ܵһɡ޺߳
ﲮϮľλֻһǹһŮɣԴǼ֧һóϮλ
ﲮȴһֱûôܹһ
ﲮǹﲮϮľλҪ׵ʧˣҴụ̀һޱ飬ûаɲˣ
˵ЦһЦҶξף
Ҷ˵ͷ￤ıϵĹ⡢⡢ﲮ˵˽֮⣬һﲮش˼ǧؿ⣡
ҶξһΣռ˴ˣϢʵǺүԼҲ̫ҵֱҶЦ˻


1220 ܣ
ҶһصǸľСլһʱﲮͷ糾͵ĸˣһȺһ̫ġ
Ȼʧ˷飬̫֪
Щ̫࣬һޱȣºֻҪﲮԸ⣬һ£Щ̫ǾʱԾ
ﲮͨˣҶĳ棬Լʲôļ룿ҶЦӭ
ﲮǳ˳飬ٿ鵤һǧƷʯʮƷʯǧƷʯ
ǰߣغүЧȥ
ﲮ˵꣬ҶԸҪڿն
һٶɽﲮŻˣ޷գֲָʹµЩ̫أ֮£ûɤӸƣ𣬱ߣлú˵лú˵ǻ̸
Ҷ浱Ȼߣص棬Ķﲮ̸ǣҪ⣡ΪҶĳĸɽûɵȱźŪҶĳǾû̸ıҪˡ
˵˵ϷóﲮǼͷ󺹣Ƹۻûˣûˡ
ﲮҲƣǹ˵Ҷˮ˻ĳʲôļʶ
óһЩƺŪû뵽Ҷ澹ȻѲ
Ҷĳ͵ÿʲôĳˣҶȵٸҺŪҶĳҶĳϾߣٲϻ
ҶξģֻҪת֮үЧʱ򣬺үָͷ©һȵ￤ĲƸˡ
˷ѿࣿʱ
ǿ˳飬ﲮҧҧ￤ĹڣҶξᣡֻҪĴָܴ߶٣ʹ߶٣
ǹ𣿡Ҷ浭Ȼڡ
Ҷξҹⶼ㿪ˣôĳ⡭

ҶֱĴﲮŪûʶǰɣ￤Ĺ⣬ֻĶѣĺö֮أ
ﲮȻĿҶ棬ڽǿлҰһĶȻ֪⡣
Ҳʲô̫ܣ룬ﲮٴε˵ͷˣϷˣ⣬ҲװֻҪܴߣ
˵һ˽˵˽⣿ҶЦ
£ﲮ͵ؾǱβ͵һϷ˽⣬ô֪ģȥȫϷһЩ˽ղضѣûʲôûʲô
ô˼Ǿʹ̸ඣҶ˫һ̯
ﲮվĶҶ棬һҧǿ죬͵ãϷӦˣֻҪܴߣǾ͹㣡
ȵȣߣҶסﲮ˽˽⣬˵ﲮһ廹һؿأҶĳǺ뵽ؿ߿ۣ
ﲮĪĲһ£¶ãȻޱȵ飬ؿ⣿ô֪
ҶξթϷɣϷһ峤Ҫؿ⣬֪ܲ
ҶһЦЦﲮȻﲮ벻ǰţǾȻذɣﲮʲôʱؿˣʲôʱ̸£
ãūһжҶξģ
ҵﲮ͵ؾ˹ҵĿ⣬ֱɱˣ
ﲮѾ׵ףҶ˽￤ң϶ǵҵָ㡣
Ҳֻ֮ūп￤ҡ
Ĭһ£ﲮҶξǽһ壬ȷʵؿ⣡ؿ⣬֮ÿ
֪һﲮķ㲻֮أҶЦɣ޺߳ţ
ǹѼЦǽһﲮλ￤ʮ֮ڱ̲
һԣԴһ˵ֶΣһжʿӪŮɫ߷߾ɱһأնݳ
⼸仰˵ƮƮģ䣬ȴһ޷ݵѪζҶ涼̲סһս˵ﲮˡ
ﲮɫرޱȲҰף㡭ǡ
Ʋְҵٴ
һĻҶ氵̫̾˼볣˲һһزƣ£ֱҶ滹Ҫġ
֮ﲮйһ͵̱ϣðɣؿؿ⣡Ǿ仰ֻҪĴָܹߣܹװ£ģ
ңϴʱĴָ
˵ﲮЩЪ˹ĺǲܴӦϷϷԸ׳￤ȥʥأҲǵóѣ
ʥĸ֣Ҷ治ɵĽĿ⿴ңѯ֮⡣
صĳҶ˵ͷɲǼ䣬Ҷˡ
ðɣϵĴָֻҪܹװǰɣҶʵ
ûڣھóеĴָϷ㣡ﲮ۾ѪѪģЩˡ
ڰðɣ
Ҷ˳»䣬ֽСè°ͺϵСèõĴָֽһöָȡ˳
⻳öָһöҶնɱöҶնɱ
öָУ˹ܹܶӹĴָһöƷĴָ֮⣬ģȫƷƷ׵Ĵָ
ЩҶ
˵Ͳòһ´ָƷס
һƷʦ˵ƻĴָƷĴָ޷ơ
ǿܹƷĴָҲ˸Ҹơ
ҪƴָҪһΪħĲϣޱȣһʧܻˣǿɾͿˡ
ָͨ׸ǴСħ𣬾ͿʮöƷˣһöƷ䣬ҪϴСħˡ
ⴢָƵĵȼԽߣѶԽԽʧܣ
ҶԼƷҲܹٷְٳɹ
ԣǺĴ½ϣģֳǧ׸߰׵Ʒˡ
Ľָ̫ˣ
Ҷ浽Ϊֹֻһö
ҲﲮҪԭ֮һ
ԣҶóôһָﲮҲֻǳ˳飬￤ѻɽĲƸҶò߶٣
ʹؿⰡ
ֻҪһͶ￤İˡ
û⣡ﲮǳ鴤Ӧõ
ȿȣʹĿĽֻ԰ֽҶǰ£ϱߵöָۡ
Ҷ棬һѾͽҵĴָҪﲮЦҽǰĴָһãﲮûɣ
ﲮɫٴһףݺݵĶҶһ۵û
ﲮóҶӻﶶ¶¶Ǽöָûҵöָ࣡
ǾͺãȥؿɣҶЦ
ҲڴʱһвߣЦȻˣӴ˿ﲮǲҪκϵĺãǵ֮ǰŲ˱⣡
һﲮЩûһѪ


1221 Сèϣ
ū˵￤ؿ֮УղŽĸ챦ŽҵһڵĲս꣡ʧȥﲮһǰһ˵
ﲮͷ·һ㣬߶µָūţôⶼ֪
ҺٺһЦﲮ֪ū֮ܲˣϲ˽ˣ԰ɱźŪǣŪðؿⰡ
ǽĲս꣬ūǲҳײġ˵ţҳҶգգ۾룬ҶξǼҹսλǲύҩİɣ
Ҷ鶸ת䣬˵˰±˺ŪҪҷֱŪˣҾͰенҩˣʱ򣬾㣬ҩҲʮµĹ򣡡
ﲮ͵شһ£޺޵ĶһҶ棬ԭسĬ˰ΣΪεĴҶһȥ
ǽҵؿεҪΪǿƣǽмٿⱸõģһڵƣ޹ޣҲ޷
ʱﲮ޵ѾҶˣūˡ
Ҷ澪֮࣬ȴٴֿ˻ϵͶʣֱֵ̫ˡ
ʼֱǳֵ
ҪǻҶѹե￤һɵĲƸ޷ѹեﲮӣ￤ĲƸҪ䵽Ҷˡ
Ҷξ֪ﲮҵϣҲǿħսϵĺպս⹫Ŀֲڣʵޱȵǿ֮ǰսطҴܲս
ҲϴоԶֻһһỴ̄ǲģ
ҶξһΣͼ©ˣҵ괫ҶԺ
һһҶУҶЦ
ﲮҵЮ£ʵʵĴҶ洩ػƣһظ֮У̤һֻʮ˵СŲ
ǣҶЩ⡣
ȴǵͷҵؿ⣬һռС֮УǲһνûкŪū
ﲮӵɵѪ죬޲ҡ
ڵαԴѪ֮СŲ⻪Ҷ桢ﲮѾһİռ֮Уռ䲻ֻ׷Բһ۾ܹͷ
ռһŨŨ̻Ӧʱ¡
ռľͷһ˸ĹĻĻߣһ·ʯһĺɫӰ
Ҷʶɨ˹ȥ
Ҷǹȥɲǣһ·ʬɽѪһɱ¾ϢˮҶ淴
ֱӳҶ鸮֮С
ȻҶĿ죬ʱɫһصǿֲĿֲɱ¾Ϣһ˿Ҷ鸮֮С
ʱҶ鸮֮ڵ߸ͬʱ⻪
һƲͣĴҶ߸֮ը֡
Ҷͷеĺ鱦׹ͻر죬ըҶ鸮ڵɱ¾Ϣųɢ
ۣ
һڳ೤ѪҶпҶɫرò԰ޱȡ
һԼ鸮Ҷ͵һ߸ƴԪɵԪȻѳ೤ơ
ǻţԪҪˡ
鸮ĺôʱʼֳˣҶ߶߸֮£ϱߵƿʼɿĻָ
Ǽ֮䣬ľϵƾͻָ˸߰˰ˣҶҵϢҲȶ
۵ʱһֳԾҶ棬ﲮһĿС
ҶξҲҿֻɨһ£ҪǸҴ߶̽Ҽ治սɷ֮£ѾΪˣﲮߵ
޷ˣﲮҲ˶ãǽʬɢĽҩɲ˵õܽⶾģ
Ҷһ仰ﲮԹԵı͡
ǰⲻս굽ô£ҽǿһۣͲҪҵСҶ洫ʵ
̫ߣϷҲʲôʱҶξεˣ֪Ҷξ֪һͿԣǽҵ渴ɱϷȴڣ

ҶԴסˣɱͨ񾳺ڵĴǵǶôǿĴڣ
ҶξѾҵؿˣŸʲôװɣūǸָūɣ
Ӧ֮ʣҶѾˣ»Ϲ⻪һͽǰһСɽĽս˴ָ
ɰ
ı֮ֻҪһͿ㹻ƳһƷȴѵĸСɽһ㣬
ԥģҶˣ
ﲮǾͿһ£Ǳɰؿ⼸ֻö˰ٽѣȫûˣ
ҵؿģȫǸָΪϣҶһʦĿҵؿĲϣ͵ģĲϡ
˫Ѿһ㷭ÿһηڣһʧ
ֵʧģȴȫޱȵĶһСĺɫʯ
һϰٶСɽһĲ֮Ҷнһ׸ߵǰתһīĹУɢļµаϢ
ҶξħܹʹõӦǽҵ浱ħսɻƷҲǵһ﹫ĺպչѫš
ħȻǿ󣬵ȴ޷ʹãֻħһЩԼԣã
˵һһתȻֶʦȥޱħͿתΪ
ϣħͿԻһͬƷܵ
ҽһ仰˵꣬Ҷˢˢĳɣڲŷŵʮ߸ɫħһ˳»֮С
ʵҶħʱ򣬾Ϳա
òˣҶڵħ˧ãų׵ֻҪȫװ
Ҷλͨһصħ˧ԿԷӳԽͨһصսǰһֻܷӳкڵս
Ҷ֮⣬ҶܹصϹħڣҶµЩħ꽫죬ֻҪװЩħֱ绢
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СҶһ·ǰʼֵһ·ֻҪǿģȫս˴ָ
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ĳ־˵ĿܣﲮϢӿһ˿Ѫ
ԭΪؿⶥ౻֮һڿȫնпܣ
һ֮ؿ⣬ѾҶ˴룬ҶнһĴɽǰͻͣס˽Ų

˷ޱȵĻХҶĻ𣬲ҶףСèͷһɫɽͷݺݵҧ˴ɽ˵һŰɫ
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ǰɫʲӲޱȣֱӹᴩСèգ̵СèѪ棬СèȴһһĴϢţһеҧš
ÿһζֻҧָ׸ǴСһ飡
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˵ȴִסЦЦĿҶ棬ȻǽҪۡ
Ҷ氵̰֮࣬æֵֹǰߵĸ󱦿⣬㿴ϵģֻҪܴߵģ
ԣĵ˵ͷٴοڣֻСѪ̫̫ӣڻʬҲ޸ܣ
һǿȶѣϡޱȵİ׻Ѫȴܹյģ
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ҺߵĻҶǰ䶼ûȥҶֻ֪һɳСèϣˣ


1222 Ҷ̾ϧ
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һ·߹һƷʯѻСɽȫҶߣĿƷʯ
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ڼµ˫ɲǣ͵˸Բ


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ܹ㹻徫ѪôҶĺһ֮ҶǿԴﵽƷķ̶ȡ
ʱ򣬲˵ԵĻҶһԵĻҪشϼѡ
徫Ѫ㹻Ļһغܹﵽĳ̶ȡ
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ҵӸҶ浹һͰһͰ徫Ѫеɻ֮ɫԽԽŨ
ȥ֮󣬵ҶھŴκҩʱһΣȴûаҶԼҩ
˸⻪µĴһȦҶҶξʵң㵽ʲô
һʱȥˣĵҩΪĿǰΪֹȴһ˿һûӣ
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ôຣ徫ѪҶһȥҲе̵ĺڣŴŴ徫Ѫ
ΣҶǲŹġ
Ҷ治ڣȴǼˡ
ĥ˰Ƥ֮󣬼۵ҾȻͨһͳҶˣ˵ҶξҶү㵽Ҫô㵹Ǹº㲻ܺūȫҰ
ҶٺһЦæңҼüŪ۵һЦܹܣ˵͵ˣ
ܹܣȷʵһططһʼͲͣطɹ֮ǰҵΪдˣҶ˵
ԣƤӶʼˣطɹҪҪã
ܵһ°ɣҶڵ
ϵѪɫؾʣޱȵɭһ²ɹ޷ɺүĽˣҶξţҪū
Ǹôūھʹһ·
Ҷһæİܹܣ𼱣𼱣ҽ˵꣡
˵Ƽ˵Ҵųһ֡
ܹӦÿˣطأʱҪ徫Ѫϣ徫ѪƷʣȴܹȵطٶȣҶ˵
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Ҷ˵꣬ѾҶĻצľѪҶξ˵λأ˵ǺүûУүܶûС
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츳ĵĶЩҲûʲôɣ˵䣬Ҷĳ»Ѿɳһһʮɫıʯ񣬺ܿڵعĸСɽһ㣬۾ˡ
ܹܣ˵أҶЦſҡ
ԣǹѼɤӸ¸һЦûҶξ˵Ķ԰츳ͨľͨˣ츳
һӣСɽһǧ䱦ʯʹʧȻҾʹҡڵ˵عߡ
Ҷξūȥһ˱Ⱑ
û취үΪ˴ɺүūҲƴ˰
°ٳһλ۷ĴڣĵԴôܴأ
Ķһ㣬ֻҪ³ˣүҲǲģţ뿪˵ع
һֱ֮ӽһͰɫѪҶĴڡ
ɲǣҶ໵һɤӲҽûӴ
ɫѪͷ·Ũһ㣬˲ϢҶѪٻ٣Ҷҽ
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ÿһѿһ׳˶
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ÿһιĶľѪ֫ٺˢˢˮڵͬʱҲ徫ѪԴ֫ٺطźˮͣţɿǿÿһÿһѪ⣡
ԭҶϺܵܵĺϢʼɿ
ҶȻĺһأһǰδеٶţ
үڽʮͰѪҸŪͰҪǲʮڽӾ͸ͬھɭҶ
ҶݸһЦڵѪڵĸӾңźǿҶѪٶҲԽԽ죡
Ҷٴ۾ȵҩ


1226 
ȪڣλɴŮϷڳرߵڸܹһĲˬ
ūţ££˵Ƥ
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ô֮Уƶˣ
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ΪҪ£Ҫʲôֱǣ˵üͷһЩĿһڸܹܡ
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˵һʣҲֵڸܹر
ǡ
һˣüһͺȵ˵˵ҶЩʲô
غүĶ˵Ҫ˿ʮͰѪ
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ңԼûŪѪı¡
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Ҳ°£úү֪ҪȻүҪѪʱ˵£׼Ҫù

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ΪֹÿһʱҪӦѪͰ
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Ҳ벻һٳɵģһˣˣ
ڴڷ徫ѪģҶ֮⣬һ޵׶һС
޵׶һӵԶžѪԶž
ƫƫҶһģϸ۵ķ·һ֦ѿҶÿһëչ·Ӷһȡ徫ѪڵĺͷҶԼһ㡣
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ͨ񾳶أ
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ҶξߣϽϴˢϴˢȥү
Ҷɲǣ鸮дСĲĺף죬죬ҵΪһˣ


1227 Ѫʨ
ǳʮľУ֮ϣһ֧ҹģĶڿٵļᡣ
֧Ӽʱһﴩ弯ᣬ˿ңʮϢĹһ֧ɱڵ˷
ǰƮһѪɫս죬·Ѫɫսһָ֧ͻǰһһ㡣
ְڵ㽫̨ϵбҶһʵ˾׳񣡡
һɱ죬ǰսʦҶ
˾ΪѪʨɾʮһΪսǱǰʮ׳֮ʦ
ճһһǧˣսʿǧˣӹǧˣСˣͳһͨصʿ
գСͳͳͳڳҶ棬ױ˼ͻȻʵ
ҶشѾЦ˱ʮͰѪһǧͰӦѪõ˱ٳһʮ˾ŵԴܵñļֵǣ
ȥڱѪʨΧ֮³һӣأ
Ҷһ㣬һˣһ򣿡
Ҷ淴ӦָҶУǰѪʨһޱɵɱ
һ֮ڣɵˣ˹һͽ𷭱ߣѫѫѫѫλһ
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ҶǳһӣЩѪʨȴǸɵҶ档
һ´ͻõ׵ִС
һ֮ڣҶ潫ܵεȳ̶ȵѪΧҶҪͱɱ֡
·ѪʨѾ˷ܵľŭ
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ͬʱ󷽵ǧѾϻϣ׼ѪʨķֻҶһ¾
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ǶʹĲ
֮ʣζʹı۾


1228 ʿ
Ѷϵķ㽫̨ϣ²ۿսͻת䣬ҶĿ⣬Ѿʧżֱģ
һȳ⣬Ѫʨͳ󽫡Ѫ~Щ˫ۡ
ǰһѪ~ϵʹ֮ɫһɨ⣬˷ܵĻǸм֮ɫ
źһԵҿų֮ɱҶ棬ȴһֿһĿ⡣
˭û뵽ҶȻ㡣
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뿪˽رһײͳѪʨ֮УѪʨⲫ
ѡʱ͸ҶһѶϲõıǩǶѪʨĽǶԣǸмֱ޷ݡ
ĵλɽ޷Υ
Ŀһִֵǰ޼ֵѪʨĽͳѪ~ʹֱ࣬޷ݡ
ҶͻȻѡȴѪʨȫûĿܡ
Ѫʨλָӣʱŭսܣ
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Ѫʨָдʱֻһͷ
ź壬Ҷھ֮֮ں󱳡ҲĹֱӣӣԳ嵽ҶǰĿ߶Ѫˣʧȥս
ӵĹѪʨҪսЩĶӹѾһϡ
ǣ֪ȥǶϽۣˡ
ԴԴϵʿŭųȥּϵļ档
ҲҶ޳˺壬ڴ֮ǰҶҳ֮У˼ʮˡ

Ҷǰ֧Ѫʨ
֪Ҳηǰ
ľӣ½Ǿеľеơ
ںĴ½ϣȴҶʵĹߡ
һɲǣҶãŵľǶԵġ
һӵʱ䣬ĳЩʱ䣬Ҳһָ䣬ǶսƴľӶԣһ
Ҷ̫̬ˣ
һӵʱڣѪʨǧλѾƴˣȥƴǣȫС
СĿǰҶԣ̫ˡ
Ҷǿͻᱻһȭķѡ
һʱ䵽һɲǣҶζس𣬳˵㽫̨ķ򣬡үһӣˣ
䵽㽫̨ϵʱҶȴˡ
֪ʱѾ뿪ˣֻһѪʨĽ컹ڳ
үѪʨ£ڵ⣬һɾһ£κϵ
ΥߣնҵĹѼɤ
ԣѪʨһڽûκα仯ҶЩĿңܹܣΪʲôҪǽգ
ҵ괫Ҷ鸮֮𣬡ҶξľͨĿǰǾܣĶսʼ֮ǰүϣϢκεй¶
ҶξүһڣֻںڻκϵүūźҶξٴ˵
һ㣬Ҷ浹ǲ⣬һ˾գҶӣҲ֮С
ǣҶһȴǺܺ棬һʲôĶľ֣Ȼֵӣ
Ϊ֤ʵϧѪʨһ֧սʦȫ𣬶սҪؽһ£
Ҷ뿪ʱѪʨͳѪ~ȴҶǰ˹ֵ֪ҶξΪ飿ǡ
ҶѪʨķһۣʿӦսʿǵĹޣӦս
˵꣬Ҷʹ뿪
һöʲôʵѪɫƴѪ~зɳҶĻ
Ҷξ飬ˣ
лھϵͳ鷳ܱ֣֣żֱģѪ~괫Ҷ鸮


1229 ¥
˵ҶξԴȱţǸԼǰ;ȥ
úõһѹԵļսӲǱŪⲫսүĶȥǰ볡ˣʱڣүǲˣ˵
ȥ·ϣһ·϶߶Ҷ涼ˡ
˵ʵҶһΣҶҲֳ½һѪʨȫߡ
˵ܹܣҪںڴһ£ǲҲ̫˰ʲôĵطûУҶʵ
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飬Ҷһˣ̫ˡ
£ҶʶȤʮʯʱͱüЦ
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ˡݳޡ֮⣬Ҷ滹˵ʲô
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⣬йѪ츳ص鼮Ҷʵ
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˶ʮϢʱ䣬ҶͽⱾȫ꣬Ҳȫˡ
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ľͨǰʲôܡ
Ǻ¥ھͳĿһĻ
һֻƴСźɫ·İè·һ㣬ɵ˫צͣķ顣
ҲˣȻϡ棬Ҳܽܡ
Ҷͷһɫ֦ȻҲڷɿķ飬ҪէһΪѡ
ССèæҶĲٶȴ
µĹ򲻵ͽйϹħĵ伮˴룬ȴһֱû̫ջ
죬ٲĹżҶ鸮ڴһϤ겨Сè겨СèҵϹħĹؼˡ
һСè˫оһ˿֮ɫСèצµ鼮۾ҶС
Ϲħ̫ħ񲻸ħеĹ峣֮أһֳ롭
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Ҷ滹ûзӦͬʱ¥һߣСèǵĻХŮ˵ľ̴ӵĺȳ
һɲǼ䣬¥ҳһţ


1230 Ҷļ
ҶҼææϹȥʱ򣬽һۣҶĿѣ
֪ΪΣСèѾԳ˱壬ȴһĿһ̫ץסƤһڵš
һĻҶ۾ʱͺˡ
֣
ԥģӿҶǸ̫˹ȥ
Ҷһ壬ҿŻˣʯ䣬Ѿϳ̫Ůݡ
Σ
æҶ棬ͨ񾳵Ϊһ̽ͽҶסˡ
ǣסСèǸ̫ȴǼɤŭ߳󵨣д̹
һŭ߳ճһֻ֣ͷ·һҶ棡
ǼƣҪҶ浱ĳ⽴
סҶֱɵˣײǰλŮ֪
Ҷ汻ǰ̫ɱˣҪȫңҪܣã
ΪҺҶǸľжôĹؼǶôںǸľ֡
ס֣
ѼɤӵҵɲǱüϸޱȣԥķҶ棬԰׵ָʱͻγǧָӰסǽҪ
ңҶҳ֣
־ŭȴֲò֣ҵΪ˶٣ҵһУϵõģӰǧָΪɲӲӡ
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˫֮͵¶һ˿޷ݵ֮ɫĻҶӲĸҿһֻȭֱ˸һ
ҪǣȭеɲǣһȦȦ׹ͷ·һ˽˲ϢǴһҵĲ
ŴǱ׹Ľޱȡ
˻ʹ֮ʣȻɿСèĶƤСèһͶ߶µ˽ҶĻ
һӴСèҶɫСèǿ־ģܵĹһĨƽ͵ͽСèĻ꺣֮УСèԸͬʱҶһٴιǸֺĽ
һΣסҶ棬ЦſŶλŮĹȥūμֹū֪٣ײ˹빫ˡ
Ҷһ˿мĴ½Ĺ治ֵǮô̵ʱڣҶѾڶλˡ
ңΪǹԭҶԺĴ½ĹǣûʲôøС
˵ʲôʱ򣬴Ӳһͨ񾳵ΪҶȥͬʱ鸮ҵľ档
ҶξǰλɲĽǹĻɫǰλǴܵ۹ѪĹңǵܳĹ
˵ңǺүүʽϼλҪΰݵģʲô飬Ȼ˭Ȳ㣡
ʱ׹֮лָĽʱƿڴҶҵĿ⣬ޱȵԹң󵨣ֱ죡컯֮£ǾȻϮҪ췴𣬹
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㰡ҲӣҪȻū¶ҪٴˣҲӡ
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ǣ磬ֻϻֻаƴСֻаƴСңڷ飡ǵһοῴްֹ¶һ˿˷֮ɫ
һɻĿ⿴Ҷңѯ֮ɫæͱһҶ档
ҶЩԸкһСèһ⻪˸ʱʹӰ״СС˰ƴС볤ֹ
֣ԷشС仯屾٣һǿ̤żСһҲͨûһ˿̻ϢʵЩϡˣ
ᷭ飿ȥñһᷭ飬¥飬ͲǼƽˣ˵
Ļᷭ飬磡ֹóβǿһ顣
ȻԸҶҲ֪¸ЩǷһٵǧĿڣ治ý
΢΢һСèԾһܣģķ鼮ʮģֱȷˡ
ǳֹСèĿǿСһ㣬ֱϲļˡ
ֻˣҪʲôܿڣֻҪõóһ㣡ֹؿˡ
ĿͬʱһͿЦ֣һֻСС޶ѣ㿴ֱӿھǣ͸ǡ
У
ĻҶնɱָˣʱͱѿޱȣ˫ĿĶסҶ棬Ҷξ֪˵ʲô𣿡
СèҵĻ飡ٴһͬʹ࣬ǾԲὫ˵ģҶĿӭȥɱˣ
Ҷ棬ٲϣɱ㣬һҲõֻͣ˫Ŀɱʢ
ɱңҲܽҵֵˣҶ浭Ȼҡҡͷһļ㡣
ʱһ̫ǰ˵˼䡣
Сһ֮䣬ϵѪγɵϵ𣿡üͷ
ԣֹʧ֮ɫ磬Ը⣬ˣǿн˷ֿСһҲ᲻˵ġ
ˣһǲҪˣ
ΪĿҶ棬Ҷ棬㿼ǺˣֻҪСһʱѫλһΣºʵľְѡ
һҶ涼ЩԾˡ
ˣΪóֹˣȻҶ̸
ǣ˵һѫλʱҶҲǲܽСè͸˵ģ
·֪ĿǰĴСèҶĻ
㣡ҶٴμᶨľܾɫҲɵһڡ
¡үūһð취СһһֱڹµߣոձĽͻǰԡ
ֻǽԵʱ򣬿ҶĿ⣬Թ


1231 
¡үȻҶ治Ը⽫ֻС͸£ǡùµȱһ
ҴܾƣѫλλҶξҲպʣֻҪ룬ʱؼɰСһˣѪĽͷע⵽˫֮еԹ֮ɫ
ԣֹֽͻظһ˿Цݣæײ
Щԥ
ʵҶľͨǺܺģ˵ʲôʱǷ
Ҷھսϵı֣ҶѶϵļһȻ˵㣬Ҳûá
ң볤ֹûõĺôɱҶҪĶˣ
֮ѹûʲôɱԡ
˼˼Ϣ͵˵ͷ֣͸û⣬ǣǼԺ󣡡
˵ţֹߵ˼䣬ֹһ磬𣿡
Ȼģƭ˭Ҳƭ֣˵ʵʵģҲ˲ţҡһʹӡ
ֹ˷ܵĿһҶ棬͵ģһΗʱ㗃һ˾ˣ
ԣϲǳˣˣ֣£һҪܣһҪܰ׵ģ
ֹ͵˵ͷ
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үҲ£Լ֮ȥ򣬲ͺүģҶͻ˵
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Ӧޱȡ
ɣоѫ֮ˣܵ۹ΥߣԷ۴
ҵĻأмҶξ㲻Ʊɣ
ҶˣҲ벻ܵѫλȻôһԼ
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ҶҲܿͷӦˣ
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νǿʳˣ
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ӦԺɶôҪūţҵ괫Ҷ鸮
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Ҷնľָܾ˳ֹһ̨¡
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һǶ鴤ǸΪˣײƷŵʱȴҶסˡ
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ֹ˵ˣɱһĿв£ҶٴŴЩԸĵ˵ͷ
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ҵлУҶ޲ǰ̫һͨ϶ҳ
Ϣ֮һƱ뿪ҶȴĴСèذϣѰҴǰСèҵǱ¼Ϲħֳ뷽鼮
֪ڸղŵĳ֮Уûбٵ
Сè죬ҵ㷽ҵǱ顭ҶСè˷ֽѡ
Ϯȹҷسֹ׵ҶǰҶξҼǵǱ֣Ĳ飬Ϊ٣Ϊһ棬ֻҪ֣ܴӱ
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ǰҶһֱû۲쳤ֹòʱһϸҶŮҲֹ𺳡
µپµĴ䣬ǣЦݵģʣͬһĨ¹һ㣬ֱƳӡ
ͻȻ䣬ڳֹϣҶƺ˼ֲµӰӡ
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󵨣ҶԹ񡭡Ľٴ
ڽĺȳ£Ů̾ǰֹֹһ䣬ͻȵ£
һٴνԣ£ӡ
ôĻҲˣǲҪǣһ仰ͽõͷ˺󣬲˵䡣
ʹǣعҶʵ
ֹȴǽһЦʡĹǲӦñСһֹĿ伸֧ȵļֱȵСè
ҶһҲǵһη֣СèС֮ƺĺܿɰ
ԣҶԥһµ˵ͷ
ôܲҰأֹôߣҶɫһ䣬ֹæһ䣬¥ҾСè¥￴飬̫Զģ
ųֹǿģٿصֽҶԥĴӦ˳ֹ
û⣬£ϣ϶ԶԶģСèµģҶĿ⿴˽
رԺɣźˣֹһ仰ýһͻȻһּȲõԤУ
Ϣ֮󣬽СèڻᶺŪСèĳֹһ
֮һ̴Ӿͽһոµ鼮͵Ҷǰ
Ϣ֮Ҷй⻪ʢ
ѾҵҪйϹħˣ


1232 ܾ
Ҷ޷һŮ˶һֻСϲͬ޷ҶΪһֻ޷˵ֵٻһ㡣
ֹǳϲСèÿ춼ҪڱСè߶Сè棬Сèһ顣
˳ȻģֹҲͳҶİ﹤ңһЧʵİ﹤ֹЧʣɱҶˡ
޹һ츳
ԭйɫһ鼮Ҳġ
ڳֹļλŮİ£ʮĹʮйɫͼϣһҶۺϳһݡ
ϹħĳӵɫಢʲôҪⱣܵˡ
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֮Уɫһİʮ֣йأ֮⣬֮ΪػǷĵرѪջɫȻ壬һа˰һʮ֡
һǧٰʮӵɫ֮Уӵ̬壬ٶʮһ֣ȥ塣
֮ĿǰҶ˽ԣٶʮһӵɫ壬пǲµࡣ
ңҶԲµ˽⣬Ҷţٶʮһӵɫ壬㹻ϣҶӦÿɸųϡ
һСΧôѰҵ£ҲͲôңԶˡ
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ݵʱҪˡ
Ϊ˲ע⣬ҶǰͲݵĴһǰ֮ء
ңһõľֵļء
ΪȵλүսָԣԲսʵװȫҪ
սܳΪﵽߣֻǲսĸ죬ͨʿֻߡ
ͬʱԲսװҲ˹涨ͨʿֻܴŴܵʽװ֮еĿȻǿװʽװʹõװƷȴܳԽƷż
ҪȻ밲λүң˵Ǻ鱦ҲܹŪ
һǿĺ鱦˵ܽһ˾ˡ
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ҲǣĽޣһͷͨ񾳵Ϊӽ˾֮УǾѹԵơ
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ƣһŪãͻ붨ɽĶĶǶõԴ޷ˡ
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ֻƾǵָеʿ佫죬ֻƾʽװͲƷƷ׵ޡ֮ģһɲ׼á
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ҪǴСèߣʱ򣬲Сèûвսһ֣ǷĴǳķǳı
ҶЩΣõϢĳֹȴˡ
Ҷξģ⼸һСèİװֵģԲ۸ֹһ˷ܣĩˣСèѯСè˵أ⼸Ҷξܴ㣬Һ𣿡
ҶشСè˷ܵ˳ֹĻ
״ҶķһۣĹСèѾֹ²ˡ
һֹͻ˵ֹٳĳֹЦͣ
û취˭гֹ¡
ιСèöģιСè鵤Ʒ鵤ûֹóƷ鵤
Ǵ˵ҶˣҶСҲǿ۷찡
һŶһٿƷ鵤Ʒ鵤Сè⼸ѾˣСèǧ֮һû
Ȼò˵ǣСèмĵģȥƷ鵤ȫԹԵҶĴָڡ
ֹǲͣι
Ҷ⼸Ҳ˳ֹ⼸ͷСֻСаƴСոճǵ𽣬ϡѪĻȸЩѪǿǿʵҲǿԣɰСèǲԶˡ
СèԻǲʱˣոŪûãÿҪϼõҺ
һҺСèһҪɵһ룬˲֪١
СèǣҲʱɳ
ɰǴӺˮдеǬá
ǰҶû⣬䣬Ȼ󣬵ЩǺĴ½Ҳ
ҶѾ⣬´λȥȥúõķ򷢾˵ͻҵʲôö
Ȼ˵ˣǾСèڹߣСèӣǴˣ빫һ£Ҷ˵
ԣﱧСèĳֹ۾ֳ
ҶξһʱҪΣǰأһԵһ
ųֹ˹֣Ҷ뿪˲¥
ûãֹҲ뿪ˣΪģΪֹʱҲܵ룬ս밲֮Ķľ֡
ǳֹܵ۹塢壬ܵ밲˵롣
ˣΪνĹԣӲǶñһλרܻĴܴ˾µֶľ֡
ܵ۹ɷ磬ִ£䶷֮绹Ƿǳֵ֧ġ
ݳֹ˵һЩûܵ븸һĹ壬ɹܼǰս
ϣһľ֣ʤȻ̸һ죬ȴԿԳΪܻӵܵ
ߣʧΣһս¶Ϊһĳ衣
ԣλүⳡսµӳ̶ȣֱ
Ҷ浽ӪʱǴһͨʽסԴĶΪӪġ
Ӫʱһһ۾˻ð̫ԼҶȫһΣҶǵ׵޴³ӰĴ¡
ΪһҶǿһһʮʿָӵġ
סҶǵζսϣҶȱǵκһŵˣľ壡·һܾ̫Ϳ뿪ˡ
ӵҶʿ䣬ʶĿһҶ棬Ľ˽е
ʱ֮󣬴ΣĿĵأʮ֮ĻҰ֮룡


1233 Ѳ˾
Ұָ֮һƬ̵Ұأλ֮Ǹ׵أθӡ
һ밲˵ľݶĶ֮أڻҰ֮ء
Ұ֮һ߲ǧ׵Сɽ֮Ϊ룬˴˴ξݵʤؼ֮ϡ
˭ָӵĴܹռһʱ˭ͻʤ
˫һִҰ֮ءڽ˶Էŵļ֮󣬾ͽ˵ȴڡ
ȴ·սĵ
밲λȨүӰܵĸҲ׼ʱĵִ
ǰϵġ
밲ȫ׼£һľ֣Ѿ֮һʢ£ǣ浽һЩϵ֮
ⳡľԭ򣬻Դħս
ܵ۹عѫǻӵܣǿԲѴ֮ͨȻ÷Ҫٽһλڴܵ۹ڻһõְ˾ͱõóֵս
ԣǰӵһ㣬밲٤ӵһڸİ£ǰħսǰ൱ս
ЩӵܶԣħսǰߣûжΣյģԴ鱨б֮£ͬڶƽһ㡣
ȻǵĸҲһϣͬϻõսѵӵܣȻܼӡ
밲٤ǽʮΪħսɫǡ
ڲʱڣӲƾױȵľǵƷλһƷλ
ڴ֮ڣо仰һƺ
仰ǱνĵλլԺȵȣָλĽ
֮ƷλһƷλѣ뽫λһƷλȹľλѶȣһ䡣
밲õľͽλһƷǺնľҲǽλһ⹫ġ
λ֮ѣ֪
ο߿ǸƣǵĻӵնȫУ޷λһƷ⹫
ǣĳһεУͲϵ밲һԲϴ֣Ҳ֪ĸһ䣬˵ǶľҪǺ϶Ϊһȴ㹻һ˽λΪ
Ǻһģ˵Ķľ־ˡ
ǲĺնľÿ˻Ѻע߿ѺĿѺĿ֮һϵȿ԰İ˿Ѻ忤
˽ʮķܶע˸ԼѪս˵ĴأγľֵĻ
ǣ˺ķضľ֣ȴһʼѡ
λ˫Ѿλ˫ĶԼ飬ӡҲȫѺ˱λֻ㿴ϷҸ𣿡ܴ˾һצĽڵͿпŶĶ˫Ц
͵仰ˣһվڰ۵ָһöָԣĳ֮ʮƷʯһʮɫҪĲϿλԸ£
Խӹָźһ֮˵ͷĿ⿴һ
Ͽϡһ㣬ʢɫ˿ׯ԰һʮľɽʮĶעΣߣһλӷɳԵһָ
һ֮󣬼Ŀ⿴˰һɽƷʯɶԵȣԸ⣿
İɽ˵ͷϢĵԼ飡
˵ĶԶģһĻһ㣬ܿģ׽밲Ĺ׷עԶġ
Ƕע֮󣬼ֱš
ҶȻֳڳֹСèõİ
Ҷһ£ѺϵĿǧСǳһֱѺϵķأʮ߿ϴﵽ֮ء
ʮ߿һʲôĸ
൱ʮ߸ĸ½ĵȻΪһĶҪò˵Ĵ½ķ
ֹҲӦƵѺ˶ʮɫȪ
עһʱ֮ŽæʮͷǺ
Ŀһע壬Ǹһ˿ЦݣϲЩСǶЩСǶԽݣԽǼļֵԽˮԽ
ɤӣԵشҰ֮أݼʼѾԼھ֮ǰϷҪڳλԼ£
ǿϷطսǣ˭ҽս֪ͨ˧ôĶһʱѸûѺעϷҲһǳس
⣬ΪⳡսϷѲ˾ѲѲȫκ˸ҸСٺ٣Ƕģ˵ġ
Ѳ˾֣ڳеĹɫɵѿ˼֣Ǵ鱨һ޿ײ鱨Ҳǹһ
Ϊ˵ĳ죬ĳ˹ĳλүСžͻᱻѲ˾صȻĳͻ
ˣ٤Ƕ˿Էˣ
żһ£һüбɭȻ궸سŸոշһײޱȵĸɭȻһЦû˲ԶĻҰ֮һ֮С
һߵɫرЩѿߣ˭һأ
ƺĳЩˣޱȵͬʱҲ˲Զһ˸ľ֮С


1234 ʥ
һΣҶмصľָɳ̵졣
ɳ̣֮̥ھɳַ̣ͨɳӵı仯Ϊ˾ָӵ
ȣļʱϵɳ죬õһּ亱޷ĸħͷǣĸħͷƵĳĸ˵ǳһˣϾܹ
Ͷͷǻϵ٣óڰǧﷶΧ֮ڼʱϵ
ںĴ½ǧϵΧֱֵһᣬоս֮ʱȴõĹߡ
ߣĲӵƶ켣ʱɳֳ
ãɳ̳˾ָӵ
ɳ̼Ϊÿһ׶ֵǣ
ͨ£Сɳʮʮ죬ɳʮһ죬밲õģС͵ɳ̡
£ֻϻǧҵľµλͷĿֱܳӽܾڣҶȴһöɳ̳׵죬Ҳӵĵһ
һҶ汾һλĶͳǧƽ·ֱ룬ǧֱֳ˰ıؾ֮·
սԼ򵥶ֱӣǧҶһ֧ƫʦսĿꡣֻҪҶһ֧ƫʦռ룬ôҶסһʱûκ⡣
Ҷ涫ͳ˧Ŀ⿴սİǷǳʵġ
ΨһҪעģǶԷĴʵ
ôעԷ϶ͨʿϳ
ڵҶ棬ֻͳһʮʿĶѣֻܷ
Ϊ˲¶μҲΪЩʿܹϣҶһǧˣֻڻҰ֮صڵͿӣ·һֻֻһ㡣
УһӥһĶ·ӵʿ䣬·ǵ˫ܹ͸һ㣬һ۶ļ¡
Ұˮ֮ǰЦǺǵĴӻȡһˮһĨҰ֮ǧﷶΧ֮ڵʱ͸ˮ֮С
Ϊǣ뿴ֻҪ˫ĿʹĶǸˮϵĻͻһϸԿڵӰ
żһ֣ɳصɲǣɫĻȽȽ𣬽ǧսŻڡ
ʱĻ֮ͱȫڣһ˿һȥˣȥ
ǹĻ֮һУĻ֮ȴܹ
ǺǣǼһЩȻ·սȴһ㣬ֻǱ·һӦˮڵα仯Ե
쿴µĵڶ·ǧ밲·ˣ
ǧǧذɣ
ǿɲһĵһ·ڶ·ֻʮϢ֮ھܸϵ
۲ݵʱɱ
쿴ʲôͻأ˾
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Ѫ鹫Ѫ鹫ҵʿ
Ѫ鹫ҵʿԲƣСطս֮ʱȫѪԽɱУ
λڵѪ鹫ҵʿԿԱ൱ڵɱλʿȥĵڶ·ǧʿ䣬ˣ
˵ţһλѪɫһ̣¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ΪѪʿǼҶ֮ɱ
٤޳ܣѪʿսԼɱ㾹Ȼھսϣ·ָӾ֮УشŭȻͨĳЩطȻ֪սϵΡ
治ֱ˵
Υ򣿡
ЩѪʿֻǿѣȫؾݵĹģɭ
ҲڴʱʿѪŨµѪʿرһţɲǼ䣬Բǧ֮ڣŰѪɫ⻪
ƺѪҫһ£
Ѿʧǧ컹ʲôҡĻû˵꣬٤ָӾھʹƿڴ˭޳ܣսڵӰս㶼ˣ㻹˵ûף
ĹۿһӰս꣬ʮӰս꣬Ϊûгҿûأ
ڷţѪʿѪ⽫ɽͷȫƽĵڶȴǺˡ
ؼʱ̣аʿͻصһĻɫ⻪˲Ϣһ޵ĹĻѪʿѪǻɫĻʱ򣬷׷Ρ
սĻڣѪɳɫرޱȵѿ
ӰսõõĻǡܹѪʿѪɷ
ɱЦ̫ˣһӰս꣬ʮӰս꣬˶ԸˣǶԱԣٺ٣

Űһ֣·мһǧʿĺɫͻϢĻ˻ҽ
Ĵָϸɫ绡زȫһݵ֮ʹӻҰ֮ɢ
ɫһţһǧɫ绡ʿͳĵڶ֮УͶ䣬Ƭ¡
еһλӰսͻð̣׷ײҺɲǼͻһʧؼ䡣
ɱ
һɱ֣ɳϹ⻪󷽵ǧɱ˹ȥ
ʥ
㾹Ȼʥ٤㻹޳һ𣿡سָӾʳŰķƿڴ
ʥ⼸۵ʱһЩսԳ鴤һ¡
أݵĹأͬģҿûƻأһǧʥΪɶûгҪٲ飡ͬתʵİ˫һ̯һĵ⡣
һǧνʥ뺷쳣ÿÿж֮䣬ûһ㣬ɲǼͻ֮С
Ͷܷݵ֮ʮĹǧ˵ĵڶ·Ӿͱ
ȴûһ˿һҪֵ˼ָµĴβ׷ɱնɱ
ŭԮڶ·ĵһ·תڶ·սˣ
ˣӰ·һϢһϢ
ֻҪǵڶ·ȫ˵ĸʮڶ·ͳ
ڶ·ͳ켸̵ʱ䴫˼һɲǣĺڲǧ֮
СһľݣȻôĵƣǾţУԿ·ѪܵսЦ·սʿֻһʢѪѡ
µʿңһǧ˾ȻסʥϢʱ䣡̾
ϧסϢΣʥӵԽնɱĳǿս൱һǧĴڣһɿԾսֵѪɳЦ
ߣʥΣ£ֲûƥʥһĺ
УȻУҺ֮ܶ࣬д󲿷ʥƥʥǣвųɰ
ʥ㵱˭ģѪɳЦ
ĺʱᣬɫҲѿй⣬ȴû̫˸Ҳ졣
λ·Ѿǧ˵Ĳвγ˰ΧһǧʥڣսѶ
ЦţѪɳĿ⿴ԣˣµĶעǰַ˰
ԺǺ˼Ŀͻһף֧ƫʦռ룿
սΣһǧ˶ѣƽ֮£ܲܳϰϢʱ䶼˵׼٤Ц
ԣ


1235 춯
Ҷ棬һǧǧͿıˣһӵʱ׼Ҷ滳ед
ͬʱǼ߸ȾɿͨĳķʽҶ֧ǧ˲쳹
սʱ̵ˣսʤвսߣڷΪ߹޹ʯʮˣѫѫѫλѫλһ
սзǵŮͣʮ
еʿ䶼˷ܵĴķͣѫλһ˿һӶȴԡ
ˣֻҪʤˣҲܵõѫλ
һɲǼ䣬ʿӵĶˡ
ɱɱɱ
ֱĺɱͳ´Ϲ£
´ͬʱͳ⿴ҶһۣȻǵõ⡣
𣡺𣡺𣡡
ͳλ߶׵ͻȻһУЩ߻һ˿µ
ɫ⻪ʼӴ
ϢĹЩԱ߾ʹӲθߵףȥСɽһ㣬ÿֱ۶ñҶҪ֡
ÿֳһסɫ⻪˸޴޴䣬ƺԴݻǰ赲һС
УЩ׷޴˫ưڵϣ໽еĺУһޱȵĹ¾Ͱεض
˷УЩھİθŹµĸ߶ȣھļӹŹµǿȣӪŶķ¡
һĻҶ氵Գһ
ЩǵȫǼ䴿ս壬Ҷɨ֮·֣Щ֮ڣƺ
ҶĹ۲죬Щֻһܹս壬ǣҲֻǲһǵΪ˿۷塣
ֻҪһͻƣǵΪ˳µͻƵ
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Ҷ˵ͷ˫΢գһ΢΢̤һȦɫˮɢ
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ɫ⻪£Щҡ壬۾Ƥ֦Ҷһһ̵Ŀףص׵ǵ˫֣һʹ˳Ρ
ҶοʼԾǰ͹ĻָҺͣĿڣһһѡ
ӲĹϣѾվ˴Сһ
Ҷ£Щֳַ󣬽ǿصһһĹ£
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ϵһĻɫĻˮսڶͬʱס
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һѪɳɽ˵ɫرޱȵѿǰԶľʣһͬȹϵһ㣬޲ϳȥϢ߰
ϧǣڴܵ۹֮ڣĶĹػ˸ƻ
һֻĿŰȫǾǧ֮ʣµǧƽ
ôսĴĺ֣ɾ䶨ˣ٤ЦָӾ֮ɲǣ٤Ȼ´˽
ʵΣ漰ôĲƸĶľֵʱָӵѾһЦ
ʱʵƴǸԵԴԼصʵ
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񣬾з֣Ҳ֣֡ȫ˰Ĵ
ܲˣ
ûף˵˲㣬ԴЦ
٤Ŀ⿴ɫĻڵȴǸŹĻ֮ԿЦ
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飬Բ˽Ȼ˵ûףǾ;ûУ
٤ɫرޱȵѿ
Ҫʶ࣬ɣҪȻһǧʥҪȫûҿôЦ
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֪㶯ʲôǣһ͸ʮ壡
ʥǵҪѪػѪǰеĵˣ
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УѣĿھ͸ֳһöޱȵϵƣ׷ͷ·һֻ֮һ㣬ƺ̺֮
Űĺ֮жһˮͰϸ׹ֱ
ա·޾һ㣬ɲǼƣ·׹չһ㣬ܼȥ
·ѹ̧ͷʥЩ׹⣬һ˫۷Źķų˴ܼµ
һ·һķƿʼʥǵƤϸ֣ǻ£飬ɲƺ̺޾֮
ܼʥϣûжκ˺ƤϵƸֱ֮ܣһȦޱȡϢֲ޷ݵף
һɲǣһǧʥͶһȦ໽еźֱײĳ˴ﲼµķƣ
зļʸ꣬ǼʸǻһԶĵطͱǲӳĵ˽̿
ɫĻڵ壬ҲһɲǾ˵飬Щһ
ػֻʹػҲֻʹ׵Ķʥ
Ǵ㳹׵Ĺ𣿡
ͬһɲǣҶ鸮֮еĺ鱦׹͵һ


1236 ׹˷
ۣ֮
ػѾս֮Ӱս֣ݹӦñֱѸ
ɫָӾʣŹĻڵԷŭ
֮ôˣһνģ֮ͳ˧Լݹû˵һͳ˧ԼıԼսְɣһ仰˵ġ
ݹƺûһȻûй涨ôӦòΥ棡ԥһ˵
ʱŭˣǣۣ֮ǰԼۣ֮֮еĴʦʦпܼӳֵġ
б£Ҳ˼ӳ
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Ķһ۰Ϊ˻ۣ֮㲻ϧΪʹѵԼʲôѵԼʵѪ𣿡
֮ԣ괫˵
ԣȴǹһЦ˵ҳΪʹΣȻǴĵĳӣʵȻޱļѪ
ʱһԥΪͷ­Ѫ
ߣ
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Щʥƾػֱײܲµһ̹£Ϊߵľ·
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ҪǣΪЩػڣԭܹ˵Щʥķĸûκá
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ЩҲǼǿ󣬸ſ۷ڼѪ֮ÿһ˶ǿ࿹
Ƥϵĵƾܹ˵һС
ǣҶ涫ͳ˧ĿĴǲģȱ
Щһͷǿޱȵչ棬Ǿܵһ˾Ҳ䴩
˳֮⣬ʧȥĴԽأ֮ͬǰĹһ㣬źʵĹ£ٴܹӳǧ˵ķ
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һʥҶǲµģǱһʥΧסҶɣ
ҪǣʱҶ鸮֮У鱦׹ԾԾԣҶ׹˼ǿ˶ԴĺöҶ滹ѹס׹顣
Ϊ׹һֵĻ׹Ʒףⳡݣͻʱͱи
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ҶĻشܸɴ࣬ȥɣֳָٴʤĿܡ
ǴˣΪһˣȷľ
úһͳ쳹ˣսввȫҶξָӣΥߣľ壡
ΪЩƽΪĴˡľ塯һֲľɱ
ӵͳһ£ŭսٻָȨƽҶξүΥߣľ壡
ľ塯֣еĴһ
ܣľʣɲ˵ģ˭ҿǿͷһϣܴӲ
ԣһ£еĴٽᣬҲʶĽĿ⿴Ҷ档
Ҷȴûֱת괫ͳһޱȵľ
⡭
ִаɣ
ͬʱҶҲľڵС´СӴ˿ȫָӣΪס
һɲǣҶ鸮֮ں鱦׹⻪һҶ͸һ׹⡣
¡¡
Ҷ׹⣬ֱӳ˸ոճµʥʮʥپϰλͨ屻õĽڵһϢ
˭Ҳûע⵽ҶȥʱһޱȵľӿЩһϢڡ
һ֮ڣЩһϢͻָ˻
ϢϢģʮλ˫ǣס˸ոմһλʥĹ̶ԭء
ʥػ˲ϢЩı۰˽̿ˣʮλͬʱ֣ǽλʥһ衣
¡¡УҶ׹ֱӺʥڡ
ɫĻˮڣսһĿһĻ
Ҷ׹赲סʥػĺҶ˸ȭ谭ĴЩʥ׹ػʥؿڣ
飡
һȭ£Ϊߴ￪ڵʥر飡
Ե۾͵صɴ󣬿һĻһš
ҶΪϢͬǿأȴһȭɱһʥԲܵ飬Ȼޱֱʵĳǵǰ
Ϊ£صĴڣҲ޷һкɱһػʥ
ףһߴݵͻȻɱ侪˵Ĵܴͬʱ˷˫鰴֮䣬ɫӵ
һ𣬽ǸİʥȦ֮ڡ
ǽʥȦȥɲǣ͸ƣۿžҪƿ
ҲһɲǣҶ׹⼫ͻأƴ֮С
ıɲǣ˿άֵ顣
ǣƿɲǣߵİʥҲʹʧʣµģǴСһѪ飡
ͬһɲǣ˵ϵƹɵĵƺֱҶ鸮ڵĺ鱦׹ڣ׹˷ܵĻ


1237 
ں鱦׹ڵϵԴǰʥǲػ͸ֽһ㣬ǵ׹ĻҶǿȿƷȭͷǰֽġ
һУҶնɱʥԭ
ΪǣҶնɱʥʱʥܲĵơ̺һޱȵ֮Ǻһ׹ڡ
նɱλʥҶ鸮ڵ׹ͻõľŵĲ䣬׹Ϣһǰδеٶڷɿš
ʥһޱȵ̺֮Եĵ֮
ЩӦʥǿԭ򣬶ңҶԿԸӦЩЩʥԼԡ
ǣں鱦׹ԣȴԾĻΪá
ҶȽһ£һʥյ֮൱ڽװϵ֮
նɱ˾ʥ׹Ʒ׾ͷɿıƽƷ۷ĳ̶ȣֻһ֮ң
ʥʥ˾ʮʥ׹Ҷ棬նɱҶ棡
ǻǳ嵽ҶǰϰλֱӴǵǰ˲Ϣ䣬ʮʥͱϰָ˼֡
ЩСĿ£η屻ɽ̿Ҳ赲ʥͷ·ʿһ㡣
ҪǣЩɽ̿ǿľ֧һ£һʱ䣬µ֦ܹ´ӽ֮̿ٴʥ
ָʥֻһ֣Ǿ
̺ữΪ鱦׹Ĵ֮
Ҷһ֮ڣԽʥͬһʱԳʮʥҶնɱٶȾͻȼ
ԶʮʥΧҶֻӵԱ֮ϰʥΧҶ棬ԿɵնɱҶ棡
ԣҶ£Ǵﻹǣھķָʥ
ЩʮһӵʥָΧȻҶٵնɱ
ڼʶҶնɱʥٶ֮󣬱ޱȵĴǳ׵ķˣһҪһסʥҶָŷ׹ֻһʥͱ顣
̶̰ϢʱڣʥսѾ˰ˣֱս˰Ȼ
еʥдǧ񣬶ǷһҶڵķ˳档
ϧǣǷӦʱ̫ˡ
Ҷٶȸʥܹ࣬Χġ
ң̶̰ϢʱڣСĵ£Ѿŵִǰߡ
κһʥҳͻᱻЩҪΧָȻϵҶһȭɱ
ͳΪ׵ĴѾʥǷ˷棬һߺҶ֣ǳȺӵʥ
һѪʩչʥסȻҶֱӸɵסʥ
һɲǣЩʥ˵Ĵһ˵ĵҩųһʥ
£ҪǻӣѾˡ
ʥͬЩʥСԽӶػ
ǵʹһУ
ԣԴķ棬Щʥһŭӭϣ󣬱Ҷ飡
Ȼһ
˲ҵսƣѾùĻ֮ڹս忴ɵˡ
֮ʮսǶ
ȴһμ˲ҵʥ
һǧʥƽؿɸɵһͬΪͨӡ֮ػ֮£һǧ۷ʥܹΪӰսʤ
ӲһǧɵľӢӣսԲᳬɣ
Ŀֲʥ
ڣȴҶһȥͨĿնвһնɱţ
һλӵĳЩѪߣһͨʧľͨ
ò˵Сһ湻ðȻܹһ
ҶǳɳǿһĴ֮ţ
ǲ֪᲻أԵת
ҶĿҲǳ뻯һնɱʥһ߾ָľͨǿ𣿡
ɫĻ֮ڣ·ָӾ֮ڣɳϵɢӦָȨ齥
෴ģԭűʤյİɫȴڵõʥѾնɱһľ֮󣬰ü
¶ôƣ¶֮еݣǻһ֣ҪѪˣ
Ĳͻأģһ괫鸮
鲻ȴԾҲˣ
ʣôĶΪҲΪǲǸĵļӳˣ͵
һΣĲΪеҪõĶ࣡ҵǸͨľͨҶ棬ȷʵǸ֮ţҲ۹⡣
ֵºúĥǴ֮ţպԿԳΪұۣΪ󣡡
͵괫ɫرЩŹֺͿɬףǰҶ汻ֹҪˣ
˵仰ʱ˵жƾжơ
һݿһ룬Ҷ̫ѶϣûֵԳֹڣڷˡ
û뵽ⳡϣҶ汬˿ֲʵҶ̵ģᣬҲѾˡ
еһ£ѾͷҪˣ޷ҸھܾǣȻٶŪ֮Ūһ³ѾͷͿˣ
һǸޱȵĿɬֱһɱ˵ĳ嶯Ӧĵ죬ֵµܹܺνͰҶһоְ飬ʹ˾ǱߵѾȫ´
㡭
еĲʱ͵ͷһ㷲
ߣô˵㣬飡ֵİףֵĴ֮ţȻˣǽʹŮϵ˼໨һ֣Ҳˡ
˵ˡ
͵ʹʧȴԽĲҲû뵽Ȼˡ
ϣɱ졣
ʥ﷢ԹЪ˹ŭ
һӵʱ䣬ʥѾɵ˳֮
һǧʥսϵѾˣ
ӽ˵֧ʥѾˡ
ǣʹһеʥŭսţһ
ɱʮɱʮ׹ܾܹƷܣҶ氵ţ׹죡
׹ҶٶԽԽ죬ѾĳԽЩʥٶȡ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣʱҶЩʥѾǵɱˣ
ͻȻ䣬һը֡
һֱͷ֮۶ɢȥ¶ƣͬһɲǣд˶ʥʼˮĺˣ
Ҷһ£ɿһˣָȴʥŭֵǣǳŲסҪˣɱδ䣬ҶѾȻ׵˹ȥ


1238 ʬħ
ʥʼ˵ĵһɲǣ٤ڵһʱܽԵڵɫĻڣĿޱݵĶ˼ط۳ˮ
뿴ǸµʥնвһնɱļһǸ칦ܴɵļһ׳ʲô
һۣ٤׾ͱޱȣʥѾˣˣ˾Ȼ׷ɱ
ۣ
û˵꣬ˮŭİ٤һѪͿʹİ
²дĽλʥ¿ʼ˵ĵڶһӰȻʥȺУЩܲһ𣬷¾ʥ
ʮϢĹʥֱ˸ɵʮ
ʮʥ
ûӴʥˣǲ֪ʥļֵģ
ͨĿʥǼֵҲʮĺڵǿߡ
һʥҪ֮ۼӳ֣ͿԶԿǿߣ֮ۼӳ֣նɱкڵǿߡ
٤µʥֻһܹͻƵΪǾһԶԿͨնɱͨ񾳵Ŀֲڰ
ǰİ˰ٶλʥʧѾü٤ζʹˡ
û취˭ҲûϵĶҶôһ̥
еĳЩڽһ£ȡʤ֮󣬰Ȼ˱ʵ
һʱʤʲôֻҪǿʵò˶ãܹӭͷϣ
ѾǱˣ
˭ҲûϵҶ澹Ȼβ׷ɱ
ңΪҶ׹ĳɳҶʵһأնɱЩʥʱѾû˿ѹ
Ҫǣնɱʮλʥ֮ҶٶԵֿһأ
׷ɱôˣ
ʱޱȵˬ죬ָ̤Ӿʣܻļ٤ޱȵˬ죬٤ȻǾݣҲս
ս
սþһзõأ
㵽ڻûһ㣬㻹ǻؼҶԼݣ
Ļļ٤ֱۡ
ס֣ס֣ѾţĿ⿴ԡ
ȻݰѾ䣬ôְͣɣ˵
䣬ôɣЦһֻʣ࣬һܹģ
㡭
٤ֱᣬһʥʧ𣬵ǣһոյµһʥȫûô֮еĵλž޴Ӱ졣
սǾǹͶɣ
Ͷɱע£һ
ȴü٤һַĸоͶ
ֻսʥûͶʥ
ϣʱʥƾٶȿԿԽһڳʱȴ˼鷳
һǵ֦ɣǷ
ֻҪ΢һ£ȴǵģ
дһŭţͣűֹʥǷ˳档
ɲǼ䣬ضɽҡ
˵ٴĳ棬Ȼγһ˳ƣֻһۣûκǳĵ·ϡ
ҶȴǺСϣɱ¾ʥ
ÿնɱһʥһ׹֮ڣ׹ڵıԴƹâɡ
׹鱾Դ·ǧöȫµĵɡ
Եģ鱦׹Ʒĳ̶ȵʱҶоʱٶϡ
ڣޱȵ׷Ӵܵʥ
ԵģҶ˸ǹƥ嵽ʥǰɲǼ䣬Ĵ˷۽Ҷͽһʮλʥ˽ӡ
ɱһľۼ߿ʼ
ʮĴ֮£ʥǿҲ
ʥĿڷٵļţ
ݽֹͣڿҪȫʥʱ
ڵһ˲ֹͣ˹Ҷȴδָɵʥ֣ͣ
Ҷģˣģһɱ㣬һģԹޱȵϿ
ҶбһںһϹİмƲƲ죬Ҳ̫С˵ɣ
٤䲻𣬾򱾺ѺĶע˱Ҫ˾ǣֺǺǵ
һʱͲ˵ˡ
˵ҲģջضעôôⱲӾԶҲȦ̧ͷ
Ҷ棿һϵսԿˣоְ
ȻǾ仰ص㡣
ŵһսѾԶҶ֮ġ
ոջʤϲʱͱ嵭˼֣˲ţȻ˳ȥ
˵ڣǼٵģ
Ҷشٴ˵ձ֣Ϊ£ԸϷЧ
ԣҶ޾ְҪҪǣֻҪҶԸֻҪҶԣܹҶŪ
ԲҶξǱأɲһҪˣŪСèĳֹʱͲˣæڡ
ԣһ㣬ƺЩˣô˳ֹģһԵæ˼䣬Ÿף
ֹˣԾͲˣģҲǸȥһЦָһ󴮴ָʤѷ֣ôעҲӦ÷ˣ
һһɫʱͱޱȵѿ
һݣȻǼģŵ٤ѺϷľӡȵȣȫˣ׳һöָ
ЦŽӹָãŰһȭִӴָгϰٷԼݸԡ
һׯ԰Сֶһ⣬Цɣ
ǺǡЦ£漴ֿʼһݶע
ڶ忪ʼߵͬʱСһ仰ҶüͷͻȻ˴֡
ףһЩϢǳŹֵСӣϵЩʬ֮УСҶ鸮֮
ϢŹֵĳӣҶ˳Сèָ۲ȥʱʱͷһͨɫ۾ȴѪɫĳӣɿЩսʬͷ
ЩӵһɲǼ䣬Ҷɫͱޱȵѿ
һ¥ĺĶҶļʶҲﵽһȫµĸ߶ȡ
ʬħ棡
һֿԽ˱ɱĹĿֲħ棬ħͨħƣ֮󣬿Խսսʿʬħ
ʬħ֮Щսʿʵǰûʹûп־塢ֻ֪ɱ¾ħսֲԸһħ
żһʬħҲɺϣͬһʱȴ˳ǧֻʬħ档
һµͷҶͷ֡

ħ


1239 ʬħ
ͷħͷɲǣҶʱ˶
ˣҶ֪Խǹؼʱ̣Խǲң
ҶҲǳ£ӦôԼ
΢΢һҶԼλþ۽
ͬʱҶԸС취ԸЩʬħ棬Щʬħûħʬ֮ǰǺܴġ
ҶٶȽָ
ҶĿǰľְ̫ˣԴܵ˽ҲޣħҪʲôҶҲõѡǽ¸
Ҷֹһ괫е㲻Ծ
ϽҶĿǰǳֹ
ɣһɱ
仰˵ǳֹ⣬ôҶϵʱͻΪƷ
ϧǣֹķӦҶеҪĿҶ棬۾ģƺûҶʲô˼
ҶҲýͣһֹСè͵ͺһӳֹܳҶ档
һֹܵ׷Сè
ͬһɲǣžٴǧֻʼҶҶķƶ
˵ô࣬ʵһУֻҶ˲Ϣɵġ
õҶɫ˲Ϣͱѿޱȣɨ˸һʬ壬ͫ׶˼¡
һɲǣŭ죬ʬ壬еʬ壡
´һɲǣһ£Ϊ֣ʱ˿̣ܹľֻİоѡ
ҪǣǧĻԶ
ʲôУͷлİżŭ
ȰĻأһ·צڽӵ֮һ߸ոսʬ壬ҡҡλεվطһҰһ
УһһɢаϢ˫Ѫʬվ
ʬħ
ħֶΣ
Сģ
ɲǼ䣬ǧһ;ԣϻʬ壬еʬ壡ɫһ䣬ŭ
͵
һܱߵĽʬУǧʬؿϡͻرһɫ⻪ݺݵĴ̽˻δʬʬħڡ
һɲǣǧʬħ汻ɱ
ĹҶ𣬡λʬħ棬ңص׵ϢҲܹŹ֣
£ʱ˷Ÿɵǧʬħ棬Ҷɵģ
ҲڵڣЩվʬħѾѪ˫ǧ˹
ɵħ壬ȻǱҴܣΪߴصѪɳųʬħ
ħսϣѪɳҲ¹պսҡ
׳գȵ
ѪɳѾҽŷ˻һƣ
һƾͱǱޱȵʬħ˻⻪ҫѪɳûɥ
״һơ
ЩħսʱһֽǿڼҽսĲ㱣£նɱħ壬Ǳеģ
ǵʵõҩͽݾģ۷ΪܷӳڵʵͲˡ
Ǳ뵽;Բһʬħ棡ɫһ䣬ѶʹӼг
ҪԮʾˣ
˰Щ׳棬һһһЦУһɫͷشи֣һ죬ͽӳѶȫȥ
͵ħ԰ɫͷΪģǵصйһİ׹Ǽ֡
޴ǹ֮УͣиɫӴǹһЦӷ·һ¡
ЩµɲǣʱһֻֻϡŹֵų
գۼ䣬վͱֳܲ
ʬħ
㣬ζѲ˾ĶĿǱǴܸصģŭ
е밲ɫһס
ʬħ̫ˣ
һΪжߣǼһɱ
ֻҪһﲻֶܹĵĳ溣սɵ㣡
һݺħսǧ겻ļĵħ塣
ħսʮй嶼ʬħС
ԣжûˣ˰꣬߰ꣿʬħٺһЦҵĿ겻㣡Сӣʬħǹҳֶĳָ˼뼧٤
һħսʮ꣬¾˰ħ壡
ɶǣȻħնɱķ˼ѪҵĴˣȥɵ꣬ҪСɳ꣬ãܣ
ǣ죬Ҫͳͳɳ꣡
ʬħһָǵصĳĴųħż˹ʬħܱͻظϰλŹεħ
ϰħ֮УϢ͵ĶأħϢ۷ͨһ֮С
ͬʱҴǧʬħҲų˹
һɲǣͨ񾳵ĿֲϢʱͱҴܸأ
һǱŰȼȭͷغ˵ȵħϽԱǼԸЩµ
ԣĶ֣ң
һЦʬħſһɫħӭǼȭӡĵŸϢͳ˼ԣ
ɲǼ䣬ǧŴҡ
е嶼Ϲħս˭Щĵħƴأ
ȫǵļҳƴˡ
ʶģǧͷһĺˡ
䣡
򶨶̴ٵĺ𣬳֧ʸйǵسħ
ʱЩħʱһ㡣
ǣʸϰֻħϣʸЩħɭ׹⻪һȻˣ
һϰٽ޳ħͳҳһŵȺ֮С
Ƚ۽ǧϼϻҽ쳹ٳʮλ屻˺ɷ飬ѪֱӱЩħʴ
ҵǣһŤֱ꣬ӱЩħ˽ȥ
һĻҶҲͷƤ飬ôʬѪҶޱȣ
Σ£˶ıܣ
Ҷܾ۽ǧǧһѷĳҶ棬ȫԼҲͨһصʵ
Ҷξ䣬ǾЩȫǾΣǰ򶨣
˵ȴҶ
ŷӿǣҶָµǵĶȴһ
أģȫأһ겨ҶΪģɢ˷
ЩħǰȻͦģ
ͬʱһֱͦͦĴбҶ󡣾û׹ģʱҲ֪
һɲǣҶ溷Ȼ
䣡
ʸǵص׷ɱЩħĨǵѪޱȵĳҶ档
ķȫڹͷϵħ治£
֧ٴй
עĿģȴǵмӵĴĿ쳣ķ·һ֧ʸ
һɲǣһħʱ˾ֵļУ鱬ħʸô鱬ħʸ
ȻһӦļ죬ˡ
ΪҪǣһħ׷ҳһŵǣһ֮ļ༫С
ܼΣֱ鱬ħ󷢻Ѷ
䣡
ܼı𣬻ʱǰǧ׷Բֱɴħһûüߵǣ
Ĳҽʱӻд˳


1240 Ƽ˾
䣡

Ҷ£Щûκξǣʼֶδ
ǵصļʸˮһ಻ͣѹЩˮһ˹ĴʬħϵµĳϡŹֵ
ǼеĶʮ鱬ħÿһΣܽǧ׷Բ׵ա
Щħ鱬ħʱ򣬾ͱɱ˸ɸɾ
Щ鱬ħһ֮бһɱǣǵʱûκġ
ʱȶЩ㵽ҶǣҲ׷׿ʼתطʼ
ЩٲҲǾˣھĻ֮Ҳܷһá
Ҫǣ˽ʱ˾Ѷ
һĿѪɫը֣ʱ;ЩڰĴȺ
ʱԶһļ˹
ƽȣҶտһڴսļʬħ·磬͵ġ
һҶ벻ףԣһξݣصѲ˾ѲѲս
˵飬鱨ѲԵķӦӦģΪʲôһ㶯ûأ
˵Ѳ˾ѲѾȫɵˣ
ôǰʬħԲֿϢɵѲԵĴڡ
ܻ֮δħ壡
һˣҶ鶸һݣʶģٴָȦ
Ҳһɲǣһ·Ծĵشͷ·һֱӺ˵鸮֮С
Ҷ鸮߸ɲǼţ鸮ȻУͬʱʹҶ治ĿѪ
Ҷ棬Ҷһ壬Ļͨ񾳵ģֻˣоѪ硣
Уʬħսļξһ£жһʮ׵Ѫ
ʱԵһͱòޱȡ
ǣһ֮£λͨ񾳺ڵĴڶѪҶڻĳֹȴûκӰ졣
ûûκӰ죡
ϵҶڶڿѪЩΪֻпĴһ֮£ֱ̯ڵء
ǳֹЩɷ֮⣬ıŻСè
һɲǣҶɫޱȵѿ
һߣɽҰıһīɫĽҺʱʧȥеûκľͷ
ҶͷĿ־֪
һŻɫħδи֣ħϣд˲
ʬ飬ôˣôС£Ҫ֣߳УǻɫħӰ˫һӣʱ˳ϰλֳ־޴ʮ׿Ķħ
ȥǸСѾͷˣһɱ
ס˵Ѫһζܸ˷ˣ˭ҪҸ˷һ㣬ͰƤ
ϰλɢͨкڶħ˻ɲǣϸոո֮ɫһǣʱ;İ
ħħ֮еĻ壬ʵޱȵǿ
һ£һͨкڵĶħҲΪͻƵĴڲӦ
һħ൱һλڵĴڡ
ЩħֲֲЩǾϹôҲܳһ
ǾģܹħĻɫħӰ
ħ߰ͨ£ֻǱеߣָǡ
ǻɫħӰԳƱǾһλħˡ
ħ֮УħǸΪĴڣңĳ̶ֳ϶ԣһλħսҪǿͬߵġ
ͨ£һλĴڿɵʮλͨ񾳵ߣǶħһеߣսٻᷭһ
Ǿģ
ֻҪλӰе߶֣ߣԳŲϢ
EȻ㣡㾹ȻҴܸأˣˣ״·ͻطĴЦ
EܵĻɫħһ󷭹¶ͷ֧ǣżԺٺһЦ˵ˣվ˭ɱң
һЦһֻǷԲ׵Ļɫӡ̽Ҷ浱Ÿ¡
һ£һ޷ݵıʱӵҶȫҶ޷˿
֮£Ҷ˫Ŀʱ˸Բ۽ǴѪ쭣һ߶˼¡
ʱҶ鸮ڵĺ鱦׹顢鸮ڵĺľͬʱĿĹ⻪ůʱӿȫ»ָ֪
EҴܸҰ浱ն㲻ã
ҶһƬѩĵֱ˺лҹħ·һһݺݵնEϣE˺һ׳ĿӣɫѪ
ѪôһɲǣEͷĽɫǹ⻪һEʱͻָˡ
˵ǣһĳ֣Ҷ˵ȶֻҲ˳飡
ѲտֳѩϸɫֵߣħħEŭ㲻Ӧڳ̲飬ôô
ħӶˣǻ֣ⶫѲְ˾ˣ
ǣɱһ
һ߳жǧѩĵ⣬ǧѩĵͬʱ˳һĶħ
ÿһħ϶ʮ
һֵ£ϰλͨ񾳵Ķħͱش֮һɵʮλ
зǧλߣе⵴գռ䵴һˮһĲΧλħ
Ѳһôɱʬħһ͵شһ£
E鶸رޱȵѿԹޱȵĶһ۶ѲտħһȻһԲ˳
ҶһǣǷEȻҶڵķ˹ġ
ң˳ɲǣEϢסҶ桭
ͨо£ҶȷķֱEĿƺ֮ˣҶ󣬴ʱֻһֹ
뵽Eǰ˵ġСѾͷ֣Ҷжһ˿ѵħһδĵжĿʵǳֹ
EħʲôΪҶţҲÿ۷Ϊħ
ҶģEħǰʸûС
ʶģҶĿͼޱȵĿ˸߿ݵѲ˾ѲտϣE
ǣ߿еĶѲտȥȴûκζֵӰ졣
£Ҷɵˡ
ۿEҪɲǣУɫըֱ֣Eͷ
EͷĽɫǱޱȴĿĽ⣬סȫ
ɫ̫ǿˡ
һУֱӺEĽ⣬ֱӽEɣ
EĲҽѪ
ǼλƼ˾ʲôʱܵѲ˾Ȼܸ˻쵽һˣɵEܻŭ


1241 ɫ
λ߰ɫ鲼۵Ƽ˾и֣˳ֵɲǣǵƺһȦ
Ҵ£Щħܹ׵ģȵƼ˾ּɫͽɱüԲ˵ʬħòҺѡ
߿еĶѲտЦǷϻʲôɱħħEһҪܣ
Ҫ׸£ܹļƷ
ٺ٣ôãųôһ㣬ôܹأͷƼ˾йһӣǹʢ
ǹķ֯һϸϸܵǹ֮ЩѲɱӵĶħЩǹ֮ɲǣʱҽ
ƤǱϰٴһ㣬˲ϢõĽޱȡ
УվεEλƼ˾жѲտͻЦı¿ʼǾѾˣ
տȻĵ˵ͷǵ㲻ıƣܱȵҴܵı
ߣԼ˵ն£ǿɲмΪ֮EָŵڻսеʬЦ
Ѳտɫһ䣬⣬治ûشӦ˵ǲһش
Щ壬Ǽƻеһ֣ҲȷʵĮЩ
飬ö֮˵Ͳˡ
ŬʬͻЦҴܼջ忪֦ɢҶƣ˵һٸϼǧҴҲһüͷ
ַȫ˲ǵĹޣ
һȺͨ񾳵ļһȻһȺħŵɢӣնɱħ˧ħĹȫ˰裡
ҴܣҪķ
ķˣϧ
ǵɵһλħеߣǳֵ
ԵĻҴֱ
ƽޱȣǰԵèһ㡣
οһ仰ͽҳǵϵףǻõЩպսʮųǻġ
ߵκһ壬˭˵Լľĸɾ
ԣֱϧҲ˸˵֡
Ҷ棬һμʶ˴ܵľܵĺ
Ҳһμܹĸ࣡
ƽ߸ϵʱһ羪֮񣬺޲Ҹضȥ
밲ǱȽϳɫġ
ԵĻҶͷҲһɡ
ԣôҶ淽սʱǼ壬ƺҲʲôɶ¡
ħħEɫѾޱȵѿ飬嶼ܹ˵ĴȻ
һΣȷʵԵѲ˾ǣΪܹ±𣿡
ӣԿЦһѲտλƼ˾ͬʱֹEѩķ·Եĵ⡢ɫE
УEǸߴʮ׵ͻ̫һ˳ޱȵĹ⻪
һɲǣEеĳҹ⻪йһȫͷĽɫǡ
տĵ⡢λƼ˾ɫͬʱE֮ϡ
һΣEӲ˶Ѳһͻرôڵɫĺ֮£ֱӱ˷ɻҡ
ͬһɲǣEǽɫĶǷ·һɫһǹ֮
ʱǹ֮ҵŤǰEɫǵĳ±һǧԶļǡ
ǽµɲǣǹ֮͵飬EĽɫա
λƼ˾ͬʱѪ磡
£տһһƬѩĵ˳տնȥ
ǣһħģһΪǱģ
ʬ飬ӣ𣿡
EŭѲΧ֮µʬħŭһ˶ޱȵİ׹ǹǼܾͷֽ͵Ĺ⻪˷ȥ
ȻλƼ˾ŭɫֻһ͵Ĺ⻪ѡ
һ͵Ĺ⻪һ䣬Ͷյ˷
쵰û뵽EΪѾߴ۷ˣһҲһ֮ңǻǴˣͷƼ˾˵
ͿտĳɹˣҪȻһλƼ˾һһƬǼսɫ
֮ǰѪĶѲͻأĴ֮̽ѩϵĹ⻪ƺ˼֡
ſֶĶѲλƼ˾ͬʱʧ֮ɫ
ħһ츳̫ǿ󣬱ýȫҲֻǴĽɫնһѣѲտóһؽĽʲ㡣
״λƼ˾ϲһؽɫǣܽEΪϣҲǴһˣ
ʬħһǧҲû˭ܣҲ޷
ץģǣץģѲտεĲһ䡣
ŶѲտĻع飬սڰϢ֮ѸٽλƼ˾֣ɿĽʣµʮλħ
λƼ˾붫Ѳ˼䣬˾ͷٵĶȥ
ֻȥʱ˶ĶජҶһۡ
ͷλ˫з·תǳƼ˾ҶӰ켫Ϊ̡
ʱЩĻѾϵˡ
ЩҵԼ˵ĻӻãһֱңЩҵԼʬԼʬ嶼ҲĻӣһ̱ʧǵĺ
Ļ֮⣬ɹܲϣǣЩȥ屳ԲǺù
·ҵĺѲտüͷһ壬߳һྲ
ʱЩ壬ɴı͡
ǣ˻Щūͣȴ·ûƵڿ
տɫһĻ˻֡
ʱٵѩĵͬʱٿͷͷա
ЩڿĻūͣȫѲһס
ɲǼ䣬ѻȸ˱һĻŵסˡ
㣬ʲô֣Ѳտͻؿʵ
Ȼûȷʵ˭ҶһָоⶫѲʵľ
Ҷ棡
Ҷ棿
Ը뱾µĶѲʮ꣬ΪѲʹտʣǿһҪҶͬ˼
ѲտŵҶ밲ͬʱһ㣬¶һŵĿ⡣
̡һģŵӶɺˡ
Ѳ˾ѲµѲʹϱϽÿһλѲʹֱͳһλѲԣ·̽ǵλȨƶǿȹ
ţȣǱҪǾԲԸκһλѲʹġ
ѲʹĶͷ˾ѲĴڣ˵ˣҲù
Ǽʣζͱˡ
Ѳϵˣȴˣζ֪
ѲҶξǱֹ
Ѳտϸֳһ˿Ȼ׹鷽ҶΪ˱ֹ
ԭһ½鱬ħ⣬ųֹ仰Ҳͷ㡣
⣬嶼˽أһ¶һԣǴڳֹĴڣһ仰ѣ
󣬶ѲտϾ͸ŨŨΣ
ҪǻҶκ˵£һ仰˭Ҳͬ⣿
ԻԹԵ͵¡
ǰλֹûǸˣ
ͻˣеĶѲ΢΢ͺȵǣʼսǼϲᣡ
˵꣬ѲտּԹֵһսսңħʬһỹӡ֤


1242 
ܶԾļ㣬һ׼̵ļ㷽ÿĿ
챻ճɻҽħźü֤
ռħĹǻңϽ˾֮ר˺飬֮϶
ڶѲտԵӡ֤飬Ѳ˾еȨҲֻǣһЩԹ۵ĵλﵽһ̶ȵӡ֤
ˣûʸġ
ЩѲʹָµѲǷǳϵռɢ֮еħʬǻҡҺëȵȡ
Щ˾϶ʱӵĿݡ
ܿģ̶һӣѲտµѲԾͽͳϡ
Ѳ˾ľȻ˹ʣΨһҪģҶնɱһλħʬħϵµħ
ҶξնɱħƾʮֻܾɣնɱһֻͨħɵְټǾħΪÿһأʮǾ
Ҷξնɱ֮ħʬɻң޷жΪֻ;㣬оǧ߰ټǡ
⣬ѲԹ۲죬Ҷξնɱħ࣬ɣնɱһǧħǾһǡ
սҶξõľǧ߰ʮǣ
һλѲԱ֮󣬶ѲտĿȴүҶξȻǳֹЩľ֮ն㿴ЩεǼǣ
նɱ˾ȫģͬŲսͷϻͳ£ǼǾʱҪȡͳȥһĳȻʣµģǸվ
ܾɣͳȥʿɾͬʱһݾͬϵĻҪһıָͬһ־
սʿ䣬ͳҲһ֡
Ϊڴܣżĸ
սҶξһεľȫҶξ£ںĴһӵ
һ۽ڸЩһѲԵ۾ʱͺˡ
£һλ۷ߣħսɱʮ꣬Ҳܹþǧ߰ʮǾ
Ҫǣǧ߰ʮǾѫλľ޴
ѫλΪξУ˧ĵʮףξĽѫλĶξһҪһǧ
УĽѫλ͵ȵУߵУһҪһ
֮һݾҶĿǰѫλܹξĶξУУֱĽ׵ľ޴Խ
УѫλȱǷŵħսϣҲܹһˣھУмˡ
ʱ򣬱˵ͨ񾳵߷սһӣãҲܹƴһУѫλ
ЩѲԵļʿ֪
ҶΨһЩɻǣΪʲô˴󷽵Ľȫǵ£Ͼܣͳ󽫷ȥɾѾ˶
Ҷ治֪ǣʱѾĹѪͷǿˡ
ĿĶôôһ⣿
ڲ֪ʾ£ˣȥˣ
˼˧Ҳڹˣ͵߳鸮֮
˧ţҲ̫һϣЩͬġ
ɱ۹
ҪСǰͷԣڵһʱټһǼŪöᱻտǸӵڻյУŭ
Ҳڻң⡭ɣһ㣬Щš
Ѱɣ£ͻȷλĺүûʮҲа򣬻̥
ҴܣȱľѪˣ
͵شһս
ʵ˵ԸҲڵ˼㣬ⳡսʶҶ
ͳ治ȱǻľͨͳ󽫣ֵûС
ʱܹƾټ򺷲ηϡڡ
ǽؿ˽صǧ鱬ħַȥս
ڣʲôˡ
ܿģѲտȡһ򣬷ֱ볤ֹӡ
ȴûǸʸλݣ
Ѳ챻ɱЩ壬Ѳϱ֮ʱ뱨һսϷҲǶԵˣӰտ뿪֮ʱԺ˵
˼һ£տ˵ͷ״һɡ
ڼԵҶ֪ԭġ
սǵľλͻŮ˵ĳϮ
սʱͬλĳϮ״Ҳǲͬ
Ѳ˾սĸ֣ǵŮܹ˳̳оλ
Ǳηսɱĸ֣ôǵľλпܲᱻǵŮӳϮǻѡ֮ڵѪϮ
˭Ҳ벻һ֮ĶսݣѲ˾Ǳܸħɱ
ŪѪ죬ͷء
Ӯ˶ľֵΪҶԵʣҲòȥ
˾ݵİŰףʱ˵жѿжѿ
ǣ
ĶҶһ֮󣬰Ųдʮλʥ뿪룬ҶԸоķɱ⡣
Ű뿪ҶĪһɡ
ȻҶɣΪ뿪ҶԼԼӦֲϢҲʧˡ
Ӿһʼͨ״̬µҶ棬͸ӦΪģϢģϢҶ漫ѹһֱҶ񾭽š
ҶоϢƼ˾ȶѲտҪǿ
ʱϢʧӰεľ޴ѹҲǾʹʧ
ҶŸʲô𣿹Ҫݻس̣źţ̫νҲǸΪ
һ֧ǧˡȫɫʽ׵ĽѾڸǧӵһܳסʮ׵Ĺ·ĳܡ
ϰŮ̫ѾڳϹӭ
ֻʱҶȴһ¡
𽣡
ոճĳΪ̫ѪϹ𽣡
ͨ״̬£һֻôһѪʱͻü죬ǲɶõķ
ڣֻ𽣬ȴڸֹ
ͻȻ䣬ҶЩΪʲô˵̫ˡ
Ϲ𽶼ĺĴ½Ĳ
ֻǱ˵뷨
ҶԣСèֵܣǻ顣
Ҷξǰɣ£лˣͳ쳤ֹǧ˵ģһйſߣҶĵһʱ䣬ȻҶл
ҶȻ׹ſĵл⣬Ҷڵһʱ䱣˳ֹҪȻǳֹκκôЩ鷳
ǰҾѾǹˣУξҪҶ浭Ȼ
µķԸʱְλ³ݵ֮һĶѾźãֱӹȥɡſ˵
л
Ϣֻ֮𽷢һ߿˫һӯҰǾ޴ĳݻգǧͬʱոϡ


1243 
ʵֹӦǱȽɵ顣
ֹݸ߹ЩΨһְǱİȫҲ볤ֹӴ
ֹһӣгϵŮ̫չˡ
Ψһ鷳ǳֹÿ춼ҪҶǿȥСèٷŻ
СèǱԽԽʵ壬Ҷ˿ЦǿЦ
̫ѻСèڣŵСèʡ
ҶҲĿǰСèĵһʲô״ΪϢ۷壬ڵĻۣȴۺ޷
Ҷͷһε顣
֧ǧ˵ĽУҶ濪۷Ϊǿ
Ϊֹ֮УΪ͵ģǿڡ
ڳֹĳݸ֮УҶΪȴ͵ģû֮һ
Ϊÿһֹߣ
ҴҵߣҶµһʮûһΪصġ
ͳУξſĹգҶµһʮȻҲûµġ
ſһٲּ֤Ѳͳƾʱߣ׸ոջôʵʵľҶǰ;
ҲЩĽҶУξſѾֵˡ
һλͨ񾳵ĴڳֵܣҶνУͺˡ
ϻèܹΪ
ܣ
ҶſͳΪѡ
ӹſĿУҶ˽⵽һЩйسֹ顣
ֹĳЩأȴǵʥٶλ֮У谮һλû֮һ
ԣЩȫǸ߱׼䱸
һûзصĻ£ҲǧԿΪΪ
ǳֹĽȴߴһΪӹϲ˵Ա䱸ҲԿΪͨΪ
ͨУٶǧ
ǰ֧ɹſĽУͨ񾳵Ĵھλ
ֹȻ񾲣Ǹĵԭϲĳ
Щӻ˵ܵĹǣ¶ӹδ֮ǰͷ¶棬Էá
ڳֹȫá
˾Ϊ౾ʥȴǺᡣ
£˳ֹ˴γС
ùſĻ˵ÿһιУǶĵģһô뱲Ӿ군ˡ
ſ˵˵һǣĿǰδ꣡
ĿǰʮͷҶ𾪡
ܹʮ֮꣬кʵĶ񣬾ͻͻޡ
ҵĹҲͼ޵ģĿǰߵļ¼һλʮ˻δޡ
Ϊֹܴʥӳ谮ԭټϳֹǵľɫԣֹͳЩҺӵ׷Ķ
νˮ¥̨ȵ£Щ·ӵܣԼҵ˹֮С
Ҵ඼ڹе֮С
£ǹſĸҶ˵ģ֮⣬ҶСģǧҪ͵ӵԴ׵鵱УҪȻһСģôĶ֪
о⻹ãϿĴܾԼһתأû˾ԼЩӵΪֹģʲôֶζʹó
ſĺ⣬Ҷˡ
ͬʱҶҲ֪˴еĿڡأ
ܵ۹ģ۶أ
ſԣһϵܵѹֵĶǣҲһĶǡ
Ȼÿ˶ʸַ
۶޽ںĴ½ƽԭԭ֮ϡ
׼ȷ˵ԭһ޴̫Ĺأ֮ܽʱܵĿۼһܳͽɱ̫նɱ̫ž
Щ̫žʬȫԭ֮£Ȼʩչط̫žʬ껯ε
Ȼε֮ϽΪء
ܱ֮߰ﲼصĴһǽԭεҹҹ緢ԪнԭԲ֮ڡ
⵼ԭԲ֮ڵԪŨһĳ̶ȡ
ſԣ֮ڣÿһڿǶ
ڵһڿ൱ͨ߿һʱ
ԣκ˶ʸԭģԭܽ룬ͱˡ
£Ǿͣʥټͷ£һûʸھסġ
ǺҲŪһլԺ
ĺôʱ˳
ſЩԽԭȴûнصʸͨפԭ֮ϣʱٷگ
ǣҶĹͲͬˣմ˳ֹĹ⣬ǣǿԸųֹصġ
ĺôĿģһôӵܴͷˡ
ڹſ߶߶Уܵ۹ĵ۶صˣ


1244 ˭˵û
ԭƽԭһ޼ʣ
̤ԭʼܿ۶Ǿ޴Ӱ
ԭϹŲڳɲǣÿһһǰδе̩ͨĸо
ſԣԭԪŨʮֹ
ңԪŨȵѾı仯ʵı仯ˡ
ԭϵԪѾԳƵˣκιתֻҪڣֱܹΪ
ҶЩν̫Ϊʲôͨ񾳵Ϊ
׿ƿ̸һͷԭϴϸǧ꣬ΪҲܹͨˣοҡνḶ̌Ϊݵԭ򣬴඼Ԫԭʮ֮ڡ
Ԫʵı仯Ҳԭϲı仯
һͨҩԭ£ջ֮ҩٶʮϵģָ꣬ջݵҩǸƵġ
ͨСףԭ֮ջĶֵ򡢿Ϊ廯
ԣԭа﷽ԲԭӵеأҲʮ﷽ԲСѡ
ԭֲģЩЩȹĺӵԭء
ξǾӪˡ
СһŵľӪˣſԣԭܱߵľפǧˡ
κһݿǷκβľٶôƾЩֲڴ½صϹŲ󣬴ܵľӿʮ֮ڿκһ֮ϡ
ҲǴʮ겻ԭ֮һ
ҶĿӲϾ¡֪͵ִ˵۶֮ǰ
٣Ҷֵܣֻܻ͹µˣûʸȥģİΣͽˣ۵ĿһأſѹֵܣҵģЩӵܼ飬лᣬǵ
ҶЦŽ˹ſĺ⣬Żסֹĳݣ̤Ǵĳͨ
سǽֻʮɣȴﵽ˰ࡣ
ÿһܵڣڲļӹصĳǽ󷨷ơĵر꽽
ùſĻ˵ͨ񾳵Ϊ޷صĳǽһӡӵġ
صǷѡ
سǽأΪǡڳǡǣһطһǿ
ԪһرһŨùſĻԣڵĹŮ빬ʮ֮ڣΪض̤뿪
ͨ¼ɭϵĴܽɱɭɭģĳֹݸ
ɣǷصߣɱ⣡
ݽͨ󲻾ãͣһһöȭͷСӡǰѯʣǺνָ£ǽڷֵǼҶСè֮С
нͨм֮ʱҶоͷһգ̧ͷһͷֳͨм䲿־ȻпյģһƴСľпͨУɢɫ⡣
ǻɫһգҶ͵һ
һɲǣҶһֹĸоͷ·ʲô·û컯յվڴϵĸо
ֹĸо壬鸮꣬һ޷ݵĳĸо
ǾӵĻɫǰҶоѾûκܿԡ
ʲôҶʶһ
ЩҶµһʮҶ涼䵭ҶĿ඼Ǳĺ
ҶǴܾѹţһֱڳֹ߻ЩһͶˡ
ȻҲ⣬λйǿǽҶܸҶһ㽻⣬˹ſӰ졣
ݹſ˵ǹżҵĵϵˡ
Ԫ
˾˵һ˲õ鱦ۺΪߣֻҪԪһգ侵Уͻ䱾ѪĿ걾Ҳ֡
ԷħǱ롣
ǸϲΪֻҪһգһħҪ֡
첽߹ԪľַΧ֮Ҷͷһɣޱܵĳĸоʹʧ
߹̤ͨŵɲǣ΢΢һҶоͣͷ·𴩹һռһ㡣
ŨŨʱָоͷ·ˮ͸˿֮һ㣬һڣǧëƺʼ
һڣҶԵĸоڵһ֡
Ҷоڵ͸ߴһ㴿⡣
Ũȣ½ɹɽڵԪŨȲ࣬ȴر
Ǹо͸֮һ
صǣҪǴܵ۹سۡۡССפ֮
ϣһݳеĽʩڶУ¥ҲС
ֻܹ￪¥ͨĴڣ¥ڵŮǡ
·һΪů¥¥ʱ򣬹ݺݵĶһۣһ䣬ǮˣһҪȥů¥ݺݵ˯˵ˬĻ
ܹ𣿡Ҷһ䡣
󣿡
ɫҡҡͷôùأ
ѹߣʯĿǰľãһ겻ԲȫˬһΣ
Щʱ滳ů¥Щǣ涼ģһ䣬һĿϧϧӱ˸ϳ磬ľͱ˹ҪȻһҲȥů¥һΣ
⻰Ҷʶ㣬ǳһ
ֹʵߵġ
ֹĽһһǧƷʯһľǧƷʯ˵Ʒʯнů¥ʸ
Ʒʯǿ൱߰ƷʯˣȥһΣҶĿǰҾͱˡ
ѫλõ鵤⣬֮⣬ͨ߾ǴҲ᲻ÿȥġ
Լ⣬ĸóء
Ͼ˭ףʵǵһλġ
ȻҲȫȫġ
ǵķңڳǾͷǳƽˡ
صڳǣסĻȫǵóĻӹλȨصس
ϣܵĸٷȫڳˡ
Ѳ˾Ͻϸְָ˾ţдܵĸܻڳǡ
ڹǣǴʥӵĴ֮أҲһЩҪĻ˹֮ڡ
սȵȡ
ֹ;סڳǣɭϹֻԶһۡ
ΪĹϵǳֹĸۡ߿ȥҲֻһСȥǳխ
ǵ̤볤ֹʱ򣬾ͻᷢһء
޽֮ʱӪʦĵرޱȵĲϣ˼µĿռӴ㽫ֹڵĿռ˰ٱࡣ
﷽ԲĸۡǾ龡ˣ
һ빫ͨŮ˴£ҪӸŵִ﹫޹ҪһĹ
ϣڵĸۡ͸ɫڽʱµĿռӴ󣬲˵ĿռӴûгֹۡǿ
ӶڶʮңеʮռģѾ˲õĺˡ
Ĺؼɭϣ빫ҶȺͱԺȻصĹѲ
ڹԺŮ̫֮⣬Ǽκһ˵ġ
κһڣն
ǴܵɷûôƣЩֻҪ㴥ˣ֡ն
ҲһС;ӪҶЩפ֮أһķмճУľӪ
ΪͳһʮĶҶһӪ
ʵϣֵһ֮⣬پסڹľӪ֮ڡ
ųϵڶס
ܾɣҶһѲع֮һ¡
ع鹫ʱҶĶͷ˾ͳԿͽ񽻽Ӹ˵ڶȻ󣬵һĴ󲿷ϱ뿪˹
⻤ݲʲô̫Σյ飬Ǿɭϣɡ
ЩӵܣأСĹСŸָļ˵Ĺϵ
ô㲻أһֱδߵĹ죬׼ӪϢҶһ䡣
彻ҵģĿ㱻㱻֮䣬ҪҾһ֣˵һҶЦĻ
ұ
࣬Ǳߣ쳯žӪ죬ЩŹ֣㲻֪ʲôʱ˽ҽ飬㻹ĻֹУ
ӪߣոջתĽνڸֵĵڶͷԴһһߵ˵ʱʱĿҶһۡ
ҶԸܵνԹҲ񵽺νĿʲô
Ϣ֮󣬸պν˵ĵڶĶͳλһ֣ʹżʮƺƵҶߡ
һĻ˫£еĺν۾ڴ֮ɫ
ͬһɲǣҶߵĹɿԶҶףҶչŵĲʵһ̫Ѳ
ңҵ棬࣬㱻֮ǰһ
ң
ҶٺЦǴңʲô¶û𣿡
Եҡҡͷܺɷ磬һ䶷̫ϡƽˡ
Ҵأ
һ㣬·ɵһ㿴Ҷôܣ
˭˵ûܣ
߼䣬ҶѾǵӭȥ


1245 ټͨ
ģûܣӻżֹ𣿡ͷŶͳСðԲھҶʮĵطվüëһǱ֮ɫ
⻹治ãʶĻԶ֮֫󣬾ʹӪȥԽԶԽãڶͳȵ
ǵڶͳͣһǸϹħսĺݽɫҵĽ飬㰴˵ʵѡ񣡡żֵ٩Ҷ鸮
ҶĿһɨǰЩ˵ΪһĿȻԵڶͳ͵Ϊߣǽ͵Ϊߴͨ񾳶أҶѹԵơ
ΪεģǽߵλڶĶΪ˾أʮΪҡ
ЩеκһȣҶ濪۷ΪĲ
ҪǲأĿɨһȦҶ治ΪЦ
۶ĵڶͳһǸֳһ˿ָҶСӣѾˣ
ҪȻǾɣ
أ͵Ŀ΢΢һһΪߴΪ͵ԾշҶ档
һ֣ҲҸǽа壬治֪ôд
ЦУص˫϶رǵϢɵİͻҶ
ͻڣһöһöɭװɫĵƹ⻪䡣
ƷϢҺԣһ֣Ͷȫ˼ȻһȭɱҶ档
֣ϲдˣ
ЦһҶֱͦͦӭȥǻİͻҶؿڣһĻһԹսĹ͵ؾ
ĶǸɴ۾һصĴڣӲߵȫһ
ͳ͵ͫȴһһ䣬ã
ǣѾˡ
Ҷؿڵɣһ㴿ɺˮ۳ɵ˲Ϣ͸Ҷظ
ҶţƾƷĺ壬ӦÿӲһΪСҶ滹Ǵ߶ס
䣡
ƷİͻйҶؿڣҶΡȻ֮ʣ򵥵һ
飡
УصԴ͸˵һ㱬ѿİ׵ıһء
ȭδֱӺոӳϱߣȭƳ֮£ֱɢ
ɲǼ䣬Уͱһž
ԶԶսĹɵһĶҶ棬ƺЩŵĲ˲۾
ԶڴޱȵĿǰһеĽһ
㡭㾹Ȼɱ㣬ôĵӣһͰ͵ָҶȳ
һЩûõģǲǴŪ𣿡
үһһ˭ҶһƵĿŶĽһƱˡ
һ뱻ɱϵĺõطһŭ˳ɲǣȴ͸סˣ͵Ŀ⿴Ϊߴһ
һɭɭݸ߸ߡ
û뵽үǿˣСӾȻǸԻ⣡ڻǰ˫Ƿڵɱ⣬Ǹıˣԭһʹ죡ɱǵֵܣ죬һҪȡ꣬ɻᦣҹҹ
Сģһ깥
ոҶ鸮ڵһɫ·ìһ㾶ֱ
ɫĳì谭ĺҶĶͷһЦ߸ߵԾ𣬾ֱϥǺݺݵҶԴ
Ҳ뽫Ҷһбͷ
һ㣬Ǽŵġ
ѪԭɫģȻΪһ㣬ɫϵǿȴɫܹȵġ
˵ˣ⧲֮£ǵͷͳҲҪĵԣԸɵҶ棬Ǽĵġ
ͬʱҲǽԭ
ҪȻҶָɱߵսصߣҲûбʤİա
ΪսʤصߺɣҪնɱûжʮǰ첻ġ
ɫͻϮ֮£ţͬһоͿԸɵҶ棡
ۿǶϥҪҶϣЩε̾һ
Ҷǰûնɱôӣ˵ЩûǿԱҶһġ
ǵҶնɱµ֮ǵ㱡棬ûκôˡ
̾ϢĵڶȴûзڵͻȻͱþޱȡ
ǹ죬һҲûǱþޱȵ顣
ΪڼҶԴһɲǣͻȻ䷢ԭӦشҶ棬һٿԾµ
УЦ
꽣ĽһҽжûзͱҶһ롣
̫ͻأˣٶ̫ˣļδӦΣգͱһնɱ
ַɳҶɿĽڵнʩ˲֮ӽ˴ָ֮С
ǰڣҶĳ֮ĵڶλӵɫĴڣϧǣһΪ̫ˣֻضѡ
깥ȻϬҶ۷⣬ѹ
һ˭¶ѪҶ棬һƣ
£뼸ʮλ㿴ңҿ㣬һ˸ҷκ
˵նɱһλôնɱڣͳ׵ĽǸˡ
ڶͳ͵ѾڵĸһѿˣؿǷһ㼱һ£ͷһظڵһɲǣ;ͬݱһԭصһ˷ſֲϢĺɫ޸·һɫһҶ浱ͷ¡
Ʒ
Ҷͫ׶һͱҶǿҲǲӲӵģû£Ҷڸܴˡ
㣬شӳ֮£ҶʱһƬҶһˣеĺɫ޸ȴӰεҶ档
У鱦׹ĴҶԺɳһɫɿ˽͡
ɫµɲǣϰٵ֡
ֱɫ䵽͵ϵʱը𣬽͵˫ж¶˲˼֮ɫ
ͬʱһɢɭɫ⻪Ʒףɫһ˲ͺƷױ⣬ֱ˽͵ڣ͵ĻƲֹľҵĲ
ͬʱҶһЦϣˮӿȭҶһȭ˽͵صš
͵ͫһɲǾֵ˼£ƴȫһҧͷһڱԴѪй⻪һһѪɫԲܾͻǰ
ѪɫԲ֮УӲɢޱȵĹ⻪
飡
ҶȭѪɫԲ֮ϣȭ߸ߵĵ𣬵ѪɫԲϱҲƣ
֮࣬ã϶̽ıۣ˺ſһһֱҶ˺Ƭ
ͨ
ټͨ


1246 ͻ
ͨͨһ֡
ͨѣһɣܾ޴
˵ǧͨ˺̫ž
ıֶֻۣͨŶѡ
ҲҿҶǰĸۡĶ˺鼮Ȼûпרż¼ͨ鼮Ҳ˽˲١
ҲΪ˽⣬ҶͨĵһɲǣŲڻҡ
֮ͨܵ
ΪܣŽͨ
ɣ
һͱǳıϵļ·Сɽһ𣬷ֱҶ֫
ת䣬ҶԼĺͨܵ뷨ʯ䣬Ҷ˫һɫ;ֱ˽ߵĽ͵š
·鴤һĲҺһʧȥƵĽͶͨ仯ıۣɿˣָ״̬
ҶȭٴŽ͵Ͽȥ
һΣҶȴѧˣ
ȭͺͬʱ鱦׹ڵɫҲǺͣÿһȭ£һɫһͬڽ͵ϡ
֮󣬽ǰ۵ѪɫԲҶϰȭֱ֮顣
ͱˣΪ׹ɫĺͣѹ޷Чķ
Դϴնɱ˾Űʥ׹Ʒ׿쭵Ʒĳ̶ȣ׹Ǵһ˿ɫ
׹ﵽһ˼ĳ̶ȡ
ĿǰΪߴͨ񾳶صĽҲмܲסɫ
Ҳ׹ɫҪȻᱻڵϿľҶˡ
Ͳͨ񾳶صǿߣ޳ĳս壬ǳǿ
˸Ƥ˸һöһöޱȵĵƣֵ˹ؼʱ̣Ҳǻˣ˿ԼСЦ
ҶÿһȭŽ͵źȥֵ︡µƾͻ⻪ţҶ󲿷ֵȭ
һȭͱ͵սա
һĹ򣬱Ҷ水ڵϿĽ;ͱҶ˺üʮȭ⼸ʮȭȥöƣ
ĶҶ棬˫ȼ棬޲ϾܷҶ档
ɫĺýͼֱ
ոһͻᱻڵɫ顣
ʱֻܲϧ۵Ĵ߶鸮ڵĵǿսҶĹ
û취Ҳ벻Ҷ澹Ȼֹ̥
Ŀ޳ܴͨϵĹ̥
һǰͿͨ˺һλͨصǿߡ
ڣ;Ȼһص߰ڵϿᣬ辢ͱˡ
ⳡ棬ɵˣ㽪͹һƱɵˣУڴгֵĺνҲɵˡ
ȫϳ
Խսϡ棬ϾԴһӵеսҲһ
ʱкڵ߻ͨ񾳳ڵߣҲеġ
Խӽ󾳽磬һصļһﾹȻܰͨ񾳶صĴڿᣬͨλ޻֮
飬ֱδš
һϢ֮󣬽ʹһƱӦ˹һͷһŸʲôһϣȶͳ
Ƚ͵һƱҶһȭ߸̧Ȼ͵غ˽͵ıϣֱҵĽѪ䡣
˭ϾͺԴҶ
һȭʱͽ͵һƱסˣڵҶ֣
Ҷ水ڵϿĽǽиް
˵һȭʮȭҶҲܹɱ
µȻҶһȭסˣ
ֻҪһӿϣȳԿնɱҶ档
ڣıסˣ
ѪĶˣ
һɲǣ;ʹһ£
͸оʮϸڣЩͿʼǳˮһй
ΪϢйһ㿪ʼɿĽ͡
֣ûýͻɢ
ҪҶ⼸ʮȭѾ뷨Ȼȭͷ޷ɱͣôķҲǲ̫ܡ
ҪҶΪ̫ˡ
ҶΪҪǴﵽأҶаգѾʮˡ
սӿʼڣʮϢʱ䣬ΪҶ涯õ鱦ͺƷ׶̫ߡ
ﵽƷĳ̶ȣȻΪ鱦ԼԵʣÿһĵĻԣѾ̫ˡ
ʮϢʱ䣬Ҷ浤ڵΪ֮һա
СǾޱȵľţҶѾΪˡ
ת֮£Ҷ浱С߶ʮ÷Ԫˡ
СΪߴͨ񾳶أ߶÷ԪҶֹǴҪֱӽ÷Ԫܷӵ˼¡
ҪǣСļӳ£ֲƼסԡͨͨӳֵʮ÷Ԫ֮ϡ
÷Ԫǳɵľʹ̽˽͵ڣȻСʹ߶÷Ԫĳ˽ۻޱȵΪ
Ҷ澪ϲǣ⽪޵ľˮϵ
ˮֻҪСǾͰٷְٵľ͹תΪľ
Ҫѷֻת߳ɡ
֮ǰС߶÷ԪΪĽ婣ֱҪ
ǽǻѹ÷Ԫ
ʮɹһľת
û취С÷ԪľģԣһС˽婵ĺΪСתࡣ
һΣȴȫһ
ˮǷǳʺ÷Ԫɵƽתߴ˳ϡ
һͨ񾳶صĴڵж磬ĿҶ޷ݣҶ۷߰ٱϡ
һ֮䣬СΪۿɼĿһأͨ񾳶۷ӽ
ʯ˲䣬ҶҲΪ޳ܵԸ׵壬С˹Ϸֽķ
ֳɣ
ӽСԸһ룬͸Ҷһ룡
ʱޱȵʹСͽҶľ֮ڣ鸮ߵ⻪Сľľ˲Ϣͱתϵ
С£Ҷڵߵʹһ޷ݵĴʹС
˲䱻
ҶΪһɲѾﵽ˿۷ļ¡
Ҷ棬ȫעĺžޱȵĽ͵š
רעɶɵĵҶ鸮еÿһȭ£Ҷ鸮߸֮Ϲ⻪
ǺӰľĴϱߣһööȱȫĵƵĿʼ֣ϣֱӸһööޱĵƣ
һɲǣͣȭµҶͻȻ䷢֣ÿһȭ£µѾȭͷˣأ
һȭǴغڽ͵ϵġ
ԭʮȭͷܺ齪ϵһöƣڣҶһȭܹöơ
иֳ־֮ɫɲǣҶ鸮߸ͬʱµĹ⻪
һööȱĵƿʼȫֱӷ·ӡһӡϱߡ
ź鱦׹ֵ֧ϱߣһɲǼ䣬ֱӡϰöϵơ
ٵԪҲ㶼Ҷؼһɲǣɹ۲ӡһöƣ
ҶϢһ仯ĳͨ˲Ϣ䱻ͨһ㣬ԭڿ۷Ϣʼٵ
˷ľޱƷʼߵһӿҶڣһݵϢʼҶϸ֡
еڵϢҶϸ֣
ͻƣ
ҶΪȻս֮ͻƵ
ҶͻƵɲǣСӽɹһ룬ҲΪոͻƵҶڡ
ҶոͻƵΪʼɿ
СΪ쭵ͨ񾳶۷ɲǣҶΪҲ쭵һڣ
ʱ鸮ڵ귢һͨ񾳶غڵΪѾٵĵ䵽ͨһأ


1247 ع
һֿһĿ⿴ͰڵϿҶ棬ſ˵Ҷξǿܲһ㡣
ˣΪƭǣûҶ澹Ȼܹǿ˱̬
۷屩ͨ񾳶أ
ޣˣˣ
˵ǣҶǺ羹Ȼס˽µһƱ
ʵϣҲסˣ
ҲЩ͸Ҷ潪͡ѵͣ޷ɱͣ
ǽͱɱǾǴ¼ˡ
ֹͳһСǶԪ˧ؽ֮УҲһͳ죡
Ҫǣ⽪͵ıҲǿ
ǽˣҪù
Ҳǽ͵ЩҶһݻסԭ
񣬹ȴһͷʹ⣬£˽᣿
һһͳİڵϱᣬΣ¶޷ðոݣ
Ҷɱ˽ͣճǲսֻͣҪͻͬճ
ΪͷʹʱУ󷽿Ŀɿڴĺνͻؾ˽͵һƱ
һĿŽͳͽɱ𣿡ޱȵ𣬡ͽĿǰɱ˽ͳǽͳΪϢڼ½ϼϢǾͲһˣ
ȷһͳʵ
ϷͨڵΪҲϹģеģν
νĻЩĺ֮ǣǾǵģһһӿϣҶɱ˽ͳ죬Ǿ鷳ˡ
ǵõν϶شһɲǣڶͶŭڶҾʮ룬
ҶߵĶ̫ˣҶ濪ʼͰڵϿʱʼ˽һʼһƱ֮⣬ھӪڵĵڶԼˣȫ˹
ʱһ£ˢˢˢޱȵĲУڶɿİΧҶ档
һеķɱһʸ׷Ҷ档
ɱǴܽʽ׼һʮʸÿһԸ˺Ǹ鱬ħһ
鱬ħ֮ǣ鱬ħǷΧɱһʮʸԸǰ׷Χʺħս϶Ըħ塣
ʸۼ䰺
ɱʸȴԵĿģʸԵ࣬Ϊ˴ܽʽ׼
ʱµĵÿֻʸһÿʸһĿ꣬һ֮£ɵĽһͨߺƬ
ͬʱ˷İΧ֮£ʮľ룬ѡԵ˵ҶеĶͳ͡
ʱ뵽׵ĸɵҶȳͳ͵İ취ˡ
ɿɹĺνǸһ˿Ц⣬Ҷĺڳᣬ첻Ź֣
һĻ쳹׵ɵˡ
ǰһĻѾͨı䶷Źˣ˾ѾʹµĶʷ˺üˡ
Ҷֵܣ˵ʵķˣʲôķӣǸϽóҪ
𣡡
ȹأһĶǵĻХشӸ߿дһӰشӹ˳գۼЩɾ
ͻȻֵĻָ˱ЩԵһ㡣
νУȴ׹һָСèȻ޸Ҵ빫ˣţɱҺ䡭
󵨣
ʲôס֣
νļδ͸ȻֹֹдżŭĽ߳
УһɫȹĳֹСèԽնֹһƱŮ̫ྪʧļ׷ųֹ
һʱ䣬ֹƺס
Ҷһ˿ôСèˡ
΢ֹżŮֵԽնĻХԳУķ
ҶƲ⣬ǳ״ֹʮа˾Ż׷Ǿǰת
ǳֹ֣ôҶԥСèȱ˵
ź˪ĳֱֹҶ渽ҲľΧȦ
˲Ϣ䣬ķɱΧ֮ڡ
ǰһĻ仯̫죬ǳֹͻأĳ֣ЩûзӦָֻӵĶûʶı仯µһ㡣
֮ڳֹµʱķɱȻָųֹ
ֹ˻ûʲôȴǴһŭŭ߳
󵫣
Ǽ߳УָҶ볤ֹܷɱͻأľͱ˷ĩϸ·һķĩ
һͬɷĩģ˫˫ۣ
һɲǼ䣬ֳַɱ˫˫۾ͱ˴⽴
ҽѪζͳ
ֹЩӣһȦһص⽴ͬʱʧڲҽеĶϱ۴ͬʱֹѪ
һĻνԭرò԰ޱȣ˫ϥһйȥڣ
ҶҲһɲǾ嵽˼㣬һŵҶĿǰǿ
ҶĶѲտħħE˻ҪǿĶࡣ
ǿֲһҶܲ˵Ĵڡ
Ӱһܷɱߵ˫۱⽴ѾҶⷶΧ
仰˵ֻҪԸ⣬˲ϢĨɱ
õܾˣոһʵĹӰųֹңңһͺΪȻ÷ɱָﲻˡţ֪ͨ˾Щ·ϣȫְħսʿӪ
һŻڲҽе׷׹ذԺֻܻԵˡ
ħսʿӪǾˡ
ħսϣʿսʶߴĳɣôִиֱʿӪʮˡ
һ׬˾Ķų
عҲ֮ʧһɣŹذǣ̵ֹ˵
еӰæһͳЩذȵƣǻ·⣬ǻģ
ÿȥ̱٣ٷնģл£
һ߳׷ųֹͷлΣҶɫ䡣
Ȩƣʵ
˶ȻڳֹǸعһ֮䡣
ʰһƱӰĿͿҶ棬ɲǼ䣬ҶͱýӲޱȣ޷˿
빫͸ֳ˵ȴ£һССĴĿš
ȵع˵ֹ꣬ؿеĵعһۡ
һۣҶӰͻһͳųֹķ򵹻ֵ̿ūԽˣ빫𷣣
ع𣬵عİ֮ģ׵ģ֪Ĺڣ׷ʲô£Ȼ˾е


1248 ͶӰ
Ҷ汻عĿסһɲǣڶͳ;Ѿǹڲ࣬ȻٺҶ棬裬ҲκΡ
ʱֹ˵Ҫ֪򾭹ѯ
˼һ£ͷѪȫ˽͵빫ˡµֻ˵ҶξսˣҶξ£û뵽Ҷξ̫һ־ɱµһһŷ߶֡
ֹĿ⿴Ҷ棬˼ײҪ˫˵
»ֻϢҶֻ˵һ仰Ͳٶԣûκεı⡣
Ϊˣ˫˵иС
ֹ͵һ䣬Ҷξһ֮ˣһȺƵҪþеɱ
ΪúŪ
ΪͳȻҪã
һɫһףعڵأƲ֮࣬һۺνһҧһһʮĽȫ˳
ǽҵǣҪǺݺݵĽѵҶһͨɱҶ棬ֻ߽Ҷϳȥ
һ˵ʵһԵḺ̌ڵأ¡
˵ֹ꣬ĬϢ֮ؿڣҶξʱйǱӪ׵ģ
պ˭ҪҶξ뿪ʱ
˵ֹ꣬һСèϸ۰׵裬Сèԣ
СèҶһۣڻõҶ֮ͬ⻪˸УСèĽСƴСȻ˳ֹƣ۵ͷһ³ֹģʱóֹ֦ҲĽЦˣС
ʱпһĻ˶ˡ
ֹһЦֱǡ
ȿȣ
д˵عڳʱСջĿ⡣
Сèֹ·ëһڿն𣬴һƱŮ̫ƮȻԶȥУ˳ֹعʣµ飬㴦ɣ
ū
δһ£۰ҹСè鱾ˣҪ󲻹ݰɣҶ鸮У˳ֹЦ
Ҷʱ˳ֹ˼Ҷ鷳ôӦľͳûҪһô
ҶͻȻ䷢֣ⳤֹƺǱô򵥿ɰ෴ǳĺܴ
гֹ̱ڵصĺνʱͳеĵعӰҪһĿͷ


νĵļÿһ¶УĵĻζѣͷѪֱ
ߣ֪ˣеعЦ
㰵԰ŪǷǶԸ˳۵ˣһ㣬Ϸ򲻹㣡ϾЩˣҲô㰮ˡ
ϧ򲻵ңȻ˼ټ¶ˣ˹£
һ㣬ϷҲԭ㣬Сʹ䣡
˵عһϷԭµǣٵʱ򣬾ȻʹЩҪһɱ
ΪµḶ̌벻»βϲСҪЩʹ˹ֺ
ν֪ع·һ
ū֪ν·ɵһ㣬ʧǵĴԭأҲ벻ڵعĴ󣬾Ȼһ仰
ūūɣҪľģعĻúν͵ش˸¡
ƣҲˣľˣֻһˣһлתԸ⣿عȵ
δ꣬νѾصĿͷڵأūл¡ūлڿūԸ⣡
סඣ±źλϣٷͬĴ󡭡
ҳһĽѵУһɫӡ鰴һ£νͻؼ䱬ϸС⽴ͬ鸮һҲʹ˱
ֻһãȻĲлһ£һޱµĲνĲлʹʧ
ͳ˵ˣΪµͳ¶Ҫã׹µ˼عٴ
͵ɫһɲǼͱòҰޱȣԹޱȵĶҶһۣеĵعһ֣ЩĻһѪĶͳС
Ȼǹͳʽ׼ͳľӡһöɶͳƵľָһһڵ֮󣬽һһĵ˹š
ͳӵܴͷĺò£ȴϣǾһ󽫡
Ϊ£Ƿϴľһ۵С£һССĿߣ¡
ĺޣ֪
ýʹ޵ǣһصú޻֮Ϣòһ죬ͻᴫء
Ϊع֮еЦ
̤һɲǣٴλͷҶһֱۣԹ˼㣡
СӣϴλйϷξͲƽϣϷסˣ´λڹƣϷһŹ㣡
عľҶ鸮ʱеعӰһɢ
һĻҶٴδһ
ͶӰ
˰죬ֻٵٶݷɱһƺɱνĵعȻֻһͶӰ
ͶӰʵǿعıжǿ
۷ĴڣǸֲĽ
뷨Ҷĸζһ
Ҷһηֹ֣ߣȻ˿ֲĴڻ
ЩʵҲһ裬ģʵӦ湦
ع뿪ֱһʼʰޱȵУҶѹ
ҶҲûϵ£Ȼֺ
Ҷԭļƻνܱͣ⵽ֹı⣬˭뵽νһĻһ
һĻҶּʶʵĿɵѪȣһ㣬ٶҪڻˡ
ǸعʰνݣȫڷĲһеԳֹΪġ
˵ģ˵Ǹͣһʼʵʵ˵Ҳᱻϳ
˵ʵ飬Ҷͺ⡣
Ψһģʮ÷ԪɽΪʱ̫ˡ
ҪаӣСΪܹͻƵͨأҶΪǰһغڣ
ҶǻعһԵĹȴڵ
µĽ֣һеĸо
벻¸㵽ɱ˵ҶˣƽڹȨƾ˵Ľɱͳ֮һĽͣϳ
æһ̤ҶӪ֮УƤЦŸҶ浹һϴˮƤ٣ҶֵܣҶҸղŹɣ
ôҪĹͷͣĴ㣬⹻ɣ
Ҷ治ÿɷһʱʹϣ٣Ҷ̫ˣӽҹСܣ⹫ڣҾ͸ˣһҪֵҰһҪֵҰ
Ҷֱ


1249 ټ
أҲˣҲǧɣ괫ҵĹżңǲԶˡ
Ҷ治ɵʱԹĿ⣬²ôˡ
ν֪֪ˣս
ԣҶ˹ֳɵͨˡ
ԣСͳأˣ˼ʮ꣬Ϊ쵽֮󣬾ͱһߵ˹߻
ôſǻ˹ߣȻĺܲ
ùĻĲԭһǸ˵ԭ
һҪ⣬ǹżҵĵӣȻͲôӡ
ԳƵͨûκģҵ飬ܹ˵
½ĺţȨҪڹ뻧ܵʥΣ̶ǧ꣬λ괫ҵĹżһһȹˡ
Ҳ֮ͨһײǡ
żͣʼ˱ӣЩƹأҪȥָλҲǼѵġ
þķʽӰˣ񣬻쵽еȾְģֻˡ
ȫͬİڸеĵͼ١
Ҫǣ첻ͬڹżҲǵӣһ㣬ȴǽҵĵϵѪӡ
ҪȻҲܻöͳҪְλ
ͷҪܹʵܼ򵥣ٳţڹУûôֹɲ˭ǵġ
꣬빫Ľ飬߹·ŪͳʱֵмɣǽңҲײҶ㣡켷۾ѾҶδĵ·滮ˡ
ˣȻмңΪʲôأҶسʵЩмҵǣǼɴĻؼ۰СŮأѵŮɫ
ޣŲŮɫ
ζӵұ˯أһһظһֱɵĹͻرųŨŨĺ⡣
ŨŨĺܿתԳһЦǰҵһڹֵֵһ֮ؼ̺֮ŮѾʬ壡
ҵǼװĸ۰ˣ˵Һ޲ޣ˺ΣֻҪ򼸸ŮȥֻҪһֵȥģԻʬ壡
ˣڳļңҲȫʧˣڵģ⽼ʱδ޴ܾϱ𣿡
Ϸʹɫ֮󣬷ҹҹĹżʮپһһ㱻ϵ˾ӪԼŮ˶޷ˣ
˵һزأһܻ𣿡ɬЦУʹ࣡
Ҷת䣬Ӧûȥ
Ӧûȥȥ𣿡
ȥŮ۰Ǽ磬ȫˣˣҶ
˰죬ȻǼҵֵܣֵܣ
ǽ㵱ɼֵǽ㵱ֵܣεĽŮ۰
Ҷڹһħӣ˰Σ͵վ˫ͨ죬ͨɱ磡
ɱ˼ϢһйƤһή˵ĶԣǣûǸʵ
һδӪʱΪѾͻƵͨˣôԴб£Ϊͨˡ
ҡԳЦЦԸƺڳЦԸصΪ
㻹ŸʲôΪɲԹ԰Գġʱ䣬ץһʱ
ŬлᣬȻСǲŬȴһ˿ɱȥĿܶûУ
˵ţҶִ¼ͱĿ
һε˵ǣֿһ
競촼ˣ˴Ƶޣ˷˴껪
ԣҶ̾һһ뷨湻ģ
Ҫ㣬Ͳ̾ϧƾԸı¸ԼһķԺʮǧǸٽԸģ
ˣԶס
һ۾ˣƾԸǸٽԸģƾʵ⡭Ŀ𣿡
Щذ׻˰ɣصЩ壬ĸ檳ȺʵڲУϵжŮˣ
ϵһλƫʮλСһ࣬ԺŮǧ
˵󣬹˫Ѿų˶һ̹⣬һ뿪ҶӪͷ֪ôˣ
Ҫ´ĹѫŪһķҿϵŮˣԸ󹬣Ըģȫ˵۹
ĴЦڼϢ֮ͱƳʱеĺ
ҶȴҡҡͷǿһɫǵҰ𣿡
Ŀ꣬Ӧûô״ɰɡ
УҶֱ˫
Ҷ֮ץǹĿޣʵϣҶΪ治ǿ޵ġ
ҪȫޣҶһΪܻڿء
ҶһΪռһ롣
Ҷ֮ץʱҪΪΪոͻƵһȫµľ磬ͻ֮󣬺ö仯ҪҶϸϸ򣬲ܳ׵ȹһ硣
ͬʱҲܷӳͻ֮ս
뿪𣬾ǿԽأӦǴڵֺޱޱµĵ
Լϣ۵ơ
˵ƾʹؼ䣬Ҳ֮С
Ҷǰͻʱȫصȭ֮У֮ĽҶЩ۵۳һöƣ
ǵһԪЩֻ۳һöơ
ǺˮľӰͲһˣҶЩŨ۳ĵƣбĹĵơԡ鱦ʱõĲϱ̺ĵƵļϡ
ԣҶĺˮ۳öĵƣȱĵƸǧֻҪʱգֻҪˣЩȱĵƾͻһһȫ
£Ӧӵк鱦׹ʵϣȴľ
ľֵƣǧ
ǧĵƣһľʮ÷ԪϹľ֮ģԴС
׼ȷ˵ЩСҲҶ棡
ҶҲЩֲˣ֮£һٶöƣͲʲôˡ
ҲΪˣҶĿǰҲ֪սﵽʲôĳ̶ȡ
£صߣҲһǧƶѡ
ҶҲЩרŵͻƺֱ仯ʵ
ǻͻ֮󣬲ڵֱӷ˽ҶܹƷ׵ķӳˣ
Ҷģͻ֮սٷ
ͣ˵ɱ˽͵Ŀܣ
ϧǣҶֳʽ죬ͱֹεܹܣһĹˡ
Ҷټ


1250 ͨ
֪ټΪ£̤˹ڸҶ̽ʵ
ενĿҪɰһЩ·ûҶһ㣬һǰд·
Ϣ֮Ҷӳ»з˼￤鱦󷽷
ҴҶ飬Ѿᳵ·ˡ
⡭ЩΪȻϸλûӦЩ
һ⣬Ժգ͸¶ľ͸¶һ͸¶һֶ
ԣЦ۽ƶˣĽ鱦ս˴ָȻҶѫ˾һλλ˹Ȼ͸ūҶģūͲ֪ˡ
񲿣ѫ˾⼸ۣҶ֪ôˣʮа˾ţնɱħ˶ˣ񲿵ôӦѫġ
ȻҶϣﳤֹҡ֮ѫ˾Ҷӡ֮󣬵ս϶ѫּ
һѫλɱ񲿡Ѳ˾˶ԾѫµֵּܵʥӶּ⡣
ҶǣľܽҶĿǰѫλӶξУﵽξУ˧Ĵ֮еУѫλ
ǣѫ˾Ҷѫλȴǰ󽫾ѫλھŽף
ѫλΪĵȣ轫ţڿ׵һȽףӵ͵߷ֱǰཫš
Ҷ汻ǵĵȰֿͷĽš
ɱСţڴܣ֮һ׼临ӵԭ
ͨ£ܻõĽѫλ֮ˣھ֮жŶһʸ
˵ˣнѫλ֮ˣһȫһһλְضŶһʸ
ڴѫλУУһ޴ķˮ롣
ξУֻǵͼѫλһεĶеͼְ˧ѫλְһΣǸ߼ְ
ңоʱֻҪҪҲĵһѡȨ
֮⣬ѫλҶ壬鵤ˣĵȰֺŽһһٿƷ鵤һ깺鵤޶һš
£ҶҪ¸ϲôһսܹνѫλ
ȴĪε˽ѫλ
Ҷ汾ΪǳֹԤģǳֹ񾲵Ҳһ˿⣬Ҷ֪϶ǳֹġ
ң£ֹǲġ
Ҷɻǣλѫ˾ͻظҶ洫¸ҶʺлᣬҶȥү˵ˣһԳӭ
һˡ
Ҷѫλı仯ʮа˾ֱʣҲֻ
үĺ⣬ҶĳˣʱһȥݻᣡҶഫ顣
ѫ˾λ͸ˣҶ˵ʱ򣬳ֹٴοڣҶԺһ߲٣
Ϣ֮Ҷ͵һͣһʶޱȿֲѹؽڴ֮ڣʱڵĹŮ̫ܲסѹ׷׹һء
֮УΨгֹҶȻվ
ֹ˵Ҷʱ͸оͷѹһɽһ㣬鸮ڵһ⻪䣬ոûõĵƷ׷״Ϸɳ׳⣬ѹ
еһŤһɫۡͷѩɢʹӰ̫߳˳ֹǰ
ͬʱѹʧ
ūμ£֪к·ԸūֻԷǰ빫¼£
Ҷͫһع
ȻշͶӰĵع
޷ع𣡡ֹ˵عĿ⿴Ҷ棬عң챾Ĵͳ죬񱾹ڶͳȱƼһˡ
عĿ⿴Ҷ棬Сӣ
СɣңūǰѾıò˼죬ͻһɾĶͳع˵
ֹƲƲ죬ɵЩͳЩ˶ٸмõģ
ѹЩ˵ļݣˣҪЩʲôã
£±ȥ
ԣֹ¶һЦݣѫ˾ոոҶξѫλ󽫾ӡ
ޣ
عķͶӰЩĿҶһۣʱҶһֳױǹĸо̲סһս
Ǿû⣬ūͰµ˼죬ߪҶΪڶͳ
Ҷһ£ڶĶͳ;Ǳߵģεڶͳǽ֪ˣ᲻Ѫ
ҶƣΪԭ򣬳ֹ˼Σֹܿ뿪ˣֻҶޱȿֲĵعķͶӰ
Сӣ֪ߪΪڶͳԭ򣿡
ȻعҶ棬ָҶ档
ΪĳЩԭ򣬲òЩӵܶԹ֮Ųϡ
ϲ徲Щӵݶ̫Уζͳⷽ棬Ķ⡣
¿ߪ׹µ⣿عʵ
˼ǵݣ֮⣿
عĵ˵ͷôţˣ
£ô᣿룬ЩһܽƾȰǲɵģܲ᣿Ҷʵ
ȻֻҪᣬܻ֮ͿԷᣡعЦе˵
Ҷȴһ̯֣ǣ֮ס˼ȨңַӰҵ룬Ͱˣ
ֹˣûϷͷǱ̫ξĵҲãع˵
Ҷ˼һ£ǰ˴յɲʲô£ҪǸɵĹݣͻὫصӵܵˣһ£ҪǸɵĺãûɶô
ԣعˡ
˰죬ޱȲĺٺЦôˣǵһ˸ҵϷҪô󵨺
Ϸϲ
ǶͳӡȥСȡǵڶֵָӣ㼴Ρ
˵꣬عķͶӰϢɢɢɲǣعһ𣬡ֻҪһֵڣù徲Щ竡ɫͳͳݣϷ͸ôһͨţΣ
ͨţģҶһϲعԳ編
Գ編عĻӦҶ鸮
һɲǣҶͼĳҡǵһȥƵڶͳ֮λ죬Ҫ죡
Ҷ֮żΪͨŰ
ͨ£Ϊﵽͨ񾳣Ĳͨš
ڣعȴֱҪҶһͨš
Ҷǻֵͼͨţ͸ҶŪ˶ٱٺô
Ҷܲ
ҪǣҶ濴عĿĴڣֵͨţ϶ɣ
ͨţֻҪһ£
һ¶ѣ


1251 
Э£ҶٶȾ˹ڶͳ֮λңΪڶֵ
ҶҲٶȿʼӹڶճ
ӹ֪ܲӹ֮Ҷŷ֣ڶĿǰһ̯ӡ
ңڶ̯ӵԭ򣬻Ҷɵģ
ڶĶͳǱҶߵģͳˣӦճ
ǣһսҶǺɱһڶĶһָڳĵڶ󣬲ϳֹݵ˴ɻ䡣
˳ģҲ۶˾ְ
񣬵ڶʣһλëп˵Ķڹ£֮⣬̱ټǵЩ˻δã޷ֵ
⵼ֵĵڶּȽţڶͳʮȥֵˡ
ܾƣͳһͿӵרʮˡ
ûʲôɣէûʲô˳˰֮Ҷ˵һҪ
ڵĵȫƾҶ˵
л
ҶʹŸոհݼĶëп˻йֱڵӪ
ڵ֪ԭ˵ķȫѺϣҶ滹Ǿһ亹
գһ£οɾȫͳˡ
ëþ۱ģЩӪ˵˻ȫӹϣҶ´˵һ
һëп¶ɫͳǰ̱ޣûкǡ
ҶɫһǱͳĵһ
ǣ
ëЩԸµ
ҶһĹ죬Ӵ˿𣬱ͳΪڶһ٣ʮͨ첻ߣն
һ㣬Ӧǣ
һԵĶëпһ۱ɲǣһɢϸ΢겨
ǵëп˵ͨ籨ţֻΪǰһսЩٽҲһ̵һȳһŵĴӪ˳ֻÿ˿ҶĿ⣬ŭ
ҶҲ˵ֻǽվһţÿ˵̽һ̵֦ЩѪı
ΣʧɫʶתҪٵɫ֦ѿ
һɲǣ϶¶Ȼ֮ɫޱȾľ˳ɫ֦ѿǵڡ
ܵģЩʿǾޱȵľʼˣʱ֮ʿƶ˰˳ңʿޱȵĿҶ档
ˣǵڶζͳϻ˵ڣȫӻصԼֵȥúֵع
ǳ⣬ӺòˣҲӲ
һͨɹ֮󣬹ճǻָ
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Ҷʹ߽еĸ죬еڶڶëпǰ˹Ĵš
ſڣܷ徲ĸԴԭÿսһһǲҪͳġ
ΪһͨţҶˡ
ҪǶãǵعҲÿ⽻Ҷ棬ºôˡ
Ҷ˵ʱ򣬼̫һʳиһλӸ󣬴ȣԺڸȥ
վţ
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ҶͳһȽĽ̫˵Ӳˬһݵģｭ͸£
ΪｭĹӸбҶһۣû˵ֻǾĵűС
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ֲֹ޷ܾЩӵɧˡ
˼Ұ˱̫ĵģܵüһɡ
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ڴܣһ¾ڶҳϣТˡ
ТÿһҪǿ飬ҪȻôԼǲݵİǧ
ԣ飬ǵع֣Ҳ޷ܾġ
ҳֹԳ£һ᳢һڰڵġ
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ӣعͨƺûеôð
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ҶĻ̫һƱڴｭǰԺҲʱһϢĴӵܳʳе̫ϵɲǣ·ֻεĴһ㣬ݺݵһ
Ȼ̫еΪݣӦҲ죬еʳлˤ˵ϣ˲ϢķѣߵĵҲǹһء
̫ྪһһɲǼʧȥѪɫ
ˣĿɿڴĿһĻ
󲿷ֶʧֵ̫࣬졢ëпĿҶ档
ͻأֵʮа˾žҶ涯ֽš
һţڿ޶֤
ͷｭĿɿڴĿһУŵ˼㡣
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ｭߵҶ涸ǰ·һ㾶ֱɪɪ̫࣬־Ӹ˹졣
ȥ·߲ȵļһȥӺݺݵĳİ̱ޣøӳ˲ŽҶָ̫ƿڴ
Ҳǻ飬ֱ̫һһžӪȥŵֱ̫ˣͳ
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ҶĴãｭҲǳһڶصģͲһ
òŪ˸ͷ׽׽ֹø̫ϣû뵽һū
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򲻿ɣүҪǼ˹˵ǹ̻̫⣬˵ܽ޷µ𣿡Ҷ漱æ˵
֮£ｭƵ̾һתߡ
һĻҶȴûκɵ˼̶Ÿոտʼ
ڸ֮УֹǰˮĻղڸſڷһУһ˿ȫֹˡ
ｭ߳ţֹǵĳ̺һԵĵعķͶӰЦｭǲҪƤÿζ̫ĵ˵£ƫƫ̫ĵģһ㶼óԣֹһĽ
عʱֹĿ⣬Ĵ飬ҪǲԸԣܾܾݹҲ˵ģ
ҵ̫ԸһӰ˵໨˶ٵģŪıľܾ
˵ţֹ֣ºˣҶ浹мֱ£ӦÿñӹˬЩ
˵ֹ꣬һüعƼûɣȱЩҪõĶɣ
Ǻǣ£Ҷ棬ȷʵмּǣūĲ£ŸոտʼҲǿǾȫģعЦ


1252 Ѳ˾
һ죬Ҷ涼ƵֶνЩŸֽŵĹӸŪˣҲûѶ
ǵʱ򣬵Ҷ濴ｭٴγֵʱｭ󻹸ɢžϢͨ񾳻ʱҶɫͱЩѿˡ
ĹֶͬΣЩ˻һĹӸƨʱҲĳߣ
ȻｭոյʳдŻҡڵߣ߱˵۾ඣǸκ˸κӣ͸򣡡
ҵҪһΣ˭Ҹ°ӣ
ȻｭѾϴԭίˣѹ̫಻Сģ˹°ӡ
ү
֪ǼҶͳѲϵｭҶûκεĺɫ۾һ͵ʲôÿ
үµİȫְڣʳУҪ򿪼һ£Ҷɫ
ԣｭʱǱβ͵һ㣬ָҶıŭ飿ʲô˼
˼ҵ̫ʳ϶ֽţСӣб£㽫仰˵һ飬֤̫ｭЦ
Ҷһᣬסȥ·ǿ׳й£ү£
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УһɵӰĪһ㣬Ϸʲôʱ䲼ľСӣӹʰ
ع֣ｭɿ˸һ£ǿӲƾȥ֡
Ҫǲأｭʵ
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ԣｭΪ֮ᣬ챻ˣʲôʱӰ
룬ͬ顣
ûʲôƤӵ¶ţҶҲʲôֽš
һˣｭ͵ʳҶ顣
ҶʳУｭ۾ɵĸƵģĶҶ棬Ҷʲôֽš
״ҶֻʳУɨһ߻ɢĵġ
ͻȻ䣬ҶָʳڲྪүǺûһʳ𣿾Ȼóʳװ͸µĵģʲô˼
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˵ţｭŽŴ塣
Ҷ鶸رޱȣҳţҾ˭ҳ͸ɱ
Ҷľ´ȴûԤеˢˢˢľｭЦ
ɱ
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һҳ屾ĸҰ
Ҷͷɲǣɫͱޱȡ
ԵһʮɫĿｭû˸Ҿûһ˽Ӵָó
Ҷëпˣ컹ãһ֪վȻûӦԭ
ëпˣһֿ׳һĿ⿴Ҷ棬ûκξٶ
֣ɵ˰ɣ˭Ҿ٣
壬ļᣬ㱾ģŵｭŴЦֱ幫š
Ҷ涸һһΣʱһΪԻӰ
һҶĳ»ھͷɳʮļܰװϻ鱬ħ󣬷ֱҶӰйУߡ
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Ҷ쵰ˣ
ǣеǵӰҲɵˣҺţ
ڸֹˮĻϱĻ⣬ҲĽģˮĻУ͸˷ܣ
ʱһĢһĻڳֹǰڿնʱͽｭͨ񾳵Ļ˽ȥ
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ʮļ鱬ħһһʮ֧鱬ħʸÿһ֧鱬ħʸشߵ
һʮ֧ħʸһϣʲô
˲ϢĹｭͨ񾳵ĻĲҺ͸Ȼֹĵȱ鸮ǵĲлӳ
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ͬһɲǣֹޱȵɫĻųֹĸŲ˿𺦡
ɢȥɫĹǻδɢǣѾޱȵɫѶը
Ѳ˾еľѶؽľѶͬһɲ
ѹｭ鶸رޱȵָҶˣضþеСˣˣ


1253 һ
ˣضþеСˣˣｭЪ˹ĳҶ
ŻˣıŻˡ
ô¾ħսҲر½еģֱ
һɲǣΪԼҪˣҪɱˣٵĿ־Уֱ޷ݡ
ֱ游͸Ļ巨⻪żôһ˼ʮĻסһ
ｭʱķŭ֪
мٸѲԣｭָҶŭ֣žֶΥң
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عҵʱˣ·ɵһ㣬ҶһЦЦĺţЦĹ졢ëп˺ǲ졣
еĪһãعķͶӰƾ۾ֱ䵽˳ֹǰĿɭĶҶ濴˼ϢͻغٺЦСӵ󣬹ôϷͽƣһ㣡
ҶЦǰعķͶӰһγ֣Ҳѯʸе״ʱҶֹ֪ıߣǽЩ
ع
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ҶҪоնһûʲôҪȫնඣصȨҶ¾ҪһСˡ
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Ҷëп˻һǣһɥԡͷϳֹǺҪڽл죬ǲˡ
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һȺƻ̫˳ֱǵļУûǵľеһĻͷĸϳ˳ֹ
Щ˺ôľŻߣʱӶˡ
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Եǣ֣Ҷֵ£̫ˬˡ
ռ˱ˣƨûУ˳ϴЩ⣡
ͻȻ䣬ģһȣǰȫ׻ˣ


1254 СèĴ
Ҷڣ˭ûԤϵｭײֹİվȻһ󰸡
˭Ҳû뵽ԭһ۵С£򣬻ΪｭʳбҶ涯ֽｭҪһسӶѡ
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ػųֹĵع˫ǺεȵĶҶҪóֹĻλعԻڵһʱʰҶ档

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ף
ҶЦһ£Сè䣬תˣδ£Сèڳֹˡ
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ڸҶһͷĿ⿴գعһ֮ϴӦڸµͨŵĽǲӦöˣ


1255 ͨ
Ʋû˿Ҷʧȥ׼һɤӵʱһ˼£۳ɫ۵ĵعķͶӰ
Ƶ䵽Ҷǰع̵ĳҶһۣҶһܹϷĽƺմϷĹ⣬ûϷ֣ɲϷĽɣ
ҶЦŴȥȻعȱģһʵĽǡþܹʵĽڡ
۽ǵƶſعЦϷϲҶĴˣ£˳֡
£ҲΪǹӴһЩݵ飬ҶӦò˰ɣ
ҶףǵعھˣҶ볤̸ֹ֮عѾ֪ˡ
عģµǵֻڸõĵط
ǸСèȷʵǷǳСһҲܿɰʲôǰ׻޵ľѪǶӦõġ
¿Ŀ֮ʹͣⷽ棬Ϸ򲻻ʣȫƾµ飬ǣϷԸ⿴һ£ףعгһ۾ĶҶ档
Ҷصĵ˵ͷף
ҶжûعԳֹڵһУȫָƣ볤ֹĽ̸ӣع͸Ҷľ档
׾ͺãϷϲˣңҶˣϷӲʳԣ
һ̾ع˫ۻָɢ޹ӣ̵˵ͨϷģղصĶܶ࣬Ҷѧһͨţ
˼һ£Ҷ沢ûлش𣬶ǹ˵ععϾʺķͨţ
عһָҶЦһ䣬ͷ
ҲǹЩ徲Ϸã϶˷һʱ䡣˵ţع۾ٴɨһҶ档
һɨģǰֳܵĸоʱ֣ңһεĸоǰεĶҪء
һָоֻɲǣǵعָҶ
ķȴһݵĴҶȫ𶯲ͣͷ·һսıشһ°㣬Ҷȫ³ʮϢͣ
鸮Ȼһ㣬Ҳûϡ⣬һǿ巨ţȻܹﵽƷǿȣĹɲţ
ս;ǳԿ幦ϱߡع۵
ҶٺһЦȴŵعġ
ͨʱصͨţٶ죬ԽܷӳܡϷѡ񣬵һǽǧսͨһ޳ɣܽʵӵ¡
ʱ򣬾ĿǰΪ˺ͨ񾳵Ҳûκ⡣
ڶѡؾͨһɣศɣҲǼ侪ˣԽս
ͨΪԪǬ䣬ͨһ޳ɣֻҪʩչĹͨԣʩչĹ޷˺˿Ϊ߹󾳽磡
ͨҶ۾һعһΪһͨ߹󾳽˵ң仰˵һΪΪͨ񾳵Ĵڶй޷˺ҵģ
ֻĴڲй˺ң
ô㿴عû˿ĲȷʵˣԵĹţҲǲ٣ڴʱͨȷʵԺ޼ɡ
ȷҪһͨţ
ع˵һȱ𣿻ѶȣҶʵ
ͨΨһȱ㣬ĵرԶһЩʱԳһЩʣԴ뱸£Ҳʮңع˵
ʮꣿҶʱЩԾ
ôӳ
ʮɾһͨţѾǿˣ˵ʮ꣬ϼʮϰʱ޳ɵͨҲǡع˵
ҶЦһ£عͨأ
ͨţڱһͨˣմŲƣϷΪʺĵͨš
޳֮˲Ϣ£˲ϢҲûпܣңմŲǿ̤ǳСŲƵŻع˵
Ҷû˵ʲôعּڵͨţΪ޼ݷҲǳʺ
һ޳ɣĶ뵽ԵκϣҶٶȼ죬Ǳ
꣬ϷҲ޼ݷ˼δѡع˵
޼ݷȴҶĿٴһΪҶ汾ͻݣ֮ҲҶôθǿա
عϿ֮ΣЩòҶ̵
عĿ⿴ɲǣڣ΢΢΢һΣ˫ʱͷɿĶ˵֮С
ڵոսҶĽŲסɲǣҶͱޱȵľʡ
֮ײһص׳ǽһ㣬ݷʱʧЧ˫Ҳ˵֮С
ҵݵĲһ֮Ҷ潫˫Ȱ˳ЩεĿ˵ع
ع˫¶˾֮ɫªԭʼ֮ĿǰΪܹһżǳͨţҲ㾪ˡ
ⳤֹڽأ󷨷ϵ£ȫλģִǳĶݷܹġ
ǳֹеĸۡӣרŷֶݷĲãǣֹĶݷƣڱ¾סĻʹѡع˵
ع˵ĻȴҶȤʵع˵޼ݷڹڿɶݵ̶ֳȣ
عһһ˾ͷɿŵȥոʧɲǣ֣عԱʧʱٶȷɿĴӵ˳ЩǱ
ҶεһЦعȻҪǹĽ̫Ϸոն룬ʹЩƣ
ǣ⹫һֻۡҪǺĽأ㶼Ǳ룬˵˵û˵꣬عͻ¶˹֮ɫ
˵ʲôʲôҶǱۡǸʲô
ȿȣ
عεĿɤӣˣ֮ͨУѡһ
عͨѶΣҪ೤ʱ䣿ҪʲôĵرҶʳؼ⡣
ʱգΪʡأ˲ͬ಻ͬ
ԣ֮ͨУĵرʱӦǾǻԪǬ䣬ʮɡ
ξǧսףĿǰΪʣţʮҵСɡ
پմŲˣţʮСɡ
ʱٵģ޼ݷˣѾ֮޼ݷһ굱ţСɣ
ѡĸ˵꣬عĿƵĿҶ档


1256 ƻ
ֹڣعĿƵĿҶʵѡˣ
ѡˣҶصĵͷ
ԣعɢһ֣С֮ͨУϷģҲֻ޼ݷմŲƣѡ޼ݷϷ˳ֽϷʱľĴڸ㣬ܽʡһЩʱա
Ҷѡͨţǵͨ޼ݷˡ
ɱֶη棬Ҷ治ȱƾ鸮һϵĻҶԶԿͨ񾳵Ĵڡ
ǧսͨ޳֮ĿǰҶ˺ͨ񾳵Ĵڡ
ʵ˵ΪͨҶȫѧÿһȥǳǿ
գҶѡ޼ݷʱ١ʱĵر޼ݷҶĿǰõѡ
ҶĿǰʵһٵڣҶʵһ̶ȣ˵ѡͨž͸ˡ
ͨŶʮ̫꣬˷ʱˡ
عҲ˵ˣΪߣͨŵʱҲӦ̡
ԣҶѡòһܹõ޼ݷ
޼ݷ£Ϸɣ𣬵عĵ鰴Ҷ֮ϣһһ겨ͳҶ鸮
Ҷ۲ȥɲǣǵͻһɵӰʼҶ鸮ݻ޼ݷΪϢҶ֮С
ߣŵع޼ݷš
ϵع޼ݷšӰݻַʱͱͨ͸ޱȣҶֲ֧Ҷʡ๦
ͬʱҶǰʩչ֮򣬿ʼ޼ݷеַӡ֤
Ҷ·һ޼ݷԭһʱ
ʱһֱվбҶ·ľ׮һͻػζ˼£˰ȰȰȵĹǽ
Ҷ΢΢Ŀһգ˫һΣٴηɿŵȥ
ɿûҶ˫ȣСȡϥǣûϥ֮ҶһǷٴθ֮ɫֱˡ
Ҷ˫Уϲ֮ɫ
⹫ĽƣҶ޼ݷԽʯһĲ򣬽ݾ飬ټϵعڵľҶѾܹҳʩչ޼ݷ֮е޼ˡ
ʮԵġ
ǰҶݸոն빫治磬ݷͱȥ
ڣʱ֮ҶѾܹ빫ˡ
⣬Ǹոѧѡ
޼ݷĲ򵥡
ңң⹰˹֣ҶʹǵӪ׼һ޼ݷȻȥƻ
ֹص׵һ֮Уĵعı建۾ݼһĿУдż־֮ɫ
ʱܳ޼ݣȻСӱͻݣԣҲǾžˣһӡ
ǲ֪СӣԸԸһȥǷǸأԸ⣬ϷǿԴҲǺˡУعı۾
ֻҶ᲻궼ŵ

ҶٴδӪѾǰ֮ˡ
緢̤ӪҶ΢΢һΣ˾Ͷ˵صףڵ漴ӵɲǣҶһ𣬶ݹɢȥǶظޱȵ֮ɫ
µĲ޼ݷ޳ɣó޼ݣѿСɣعǲࡣ
ϴĹҶŽԸӵصҶԾһͷһԵĴҶζʧ
Ϣ֮Ҷӹ˹С֮гûһ˿һˮ
޼ݷҪߣǿ뻯ˣ
عԣֹĸֽƽڻʳǣۡҲ볤ֹȼģô˳ֹҶ޼ݷǾͿԴչˣ
еعڵҶԶعĹƣԣµĹҶ޼ݷѾѧᣬţ޼ݸСˡ
ҶƣҪϸ£޼ݷͿȫСɣжݷת佫ɬ
ҶļƻҪЩѵõȥ֤һ£һ֤ɹôҶΪ˵һʵͻơ
Ϣ֮󣬸޵Ĺ콻һһװӢҶֹ̤Ҷִ֮󣬵һֹ̤
صڳǴ͸һɭϵգԣõȥȫǡ
ֳֶͳƣҶɴǽִɫȮˮڳǷ·ޱȵǡ


1257 ޴ı
Ҷ뿪ֹǰûãҶ븮ϢͨصɿĴȥ֮춯
춯֮ڣǴһС˻һ㣬ֵɲǣʧˡ
Ҷһ·Ƕһ͵Ŀطɡ
ʱʱ;޴ޱȵХֵߣϵĴݺ
һ··ĿŸδŵ̡
ùĻ˵أֻ벻û򲻵
ȻõǰźĲƸ㹻Ȩƣĺñڽܹ򵽵ġ
һЩҪһݲܽسϣ˵Ǹɫ䱦ĺŮħħ򵽡
ԭҶӦóʱغúõĹһȦģ˵ܹʲôö
ҶƻеǼ£粻Ժʱеʱ䡣
ۻһ㣬Ҷ洩С
֮ڣһЩضִѲԵȣǽշеģΪǿĽշĴڣһѹ޷ڳڷС
˽գڸͨ󷨹ޱǿձݣ˵ˣ˻ʹⲼõŲ֮⣬κŲ޷Ųƴ͡
ԣڣߡ
£ҶĽҪ̤سǣҪӽһʱ
οٵͻȻ䣬Ҷһ٣˲ص˶أͣһҩǰĿҩǰһʾ
߼չݡǧ١
չʾҶע⣬ԭܼ򵥣ʾϸ߼չҩ½ƺ㳣ҶĴָоһ֣һ١
͹٣Ҫʲôҩ̤̣һСӭҶָָߵչʾһҩҪۡ
Եȣ
ܿģһɢҩζʦʹ߳ĿдһЩڴ߸ʾеҩ
еõһЩ֪ۼΣҶʵ
ʦָҶݹһϱһչϸһʮƷʯһһٿƷʯǧһһʮƷʯ
۸񶼲ߣҶȴҶԺ˾κˡ
⣬һʮƷʯչ½ǰģһҲһǧƷ龧
ˣһǧϿƷ龧൱ڰ˵ſ鼫Ʒ龧½ļƷ龧ǺĴ½Ʒʯ
չҲǰ˾ſƷʯȥ۸ƺ൱
ǣһǧﰡǽ
֮½ŪһӹǾǽ򱶵
򱶵󰡣
һҶ벻ϻбĽ
Ҷ룬У
չ۵һΪǬԪɳҩǰյģһǬԪɳʮƷʯ
½ǬԪɳԦŵزǿһΪǬԪĵؽų˷㣬ĸϣˮlÿڲɹǬԪ˿ʱ򣬶˳һ֡
ˮlɹʱǰģ۸ǰͰļ۸һһٿƷ龧
һǬԪɳҲһǬԪɳҲֵʮƷʯǵ㱾ȫԺԲơ
ʮ򱶵
һ˲䣬Ҷ濴չʾЩɵˡ
չʾŵҩֻҪĴ½ٵĶǼǧ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷüͷһһǰδע⵽ϸڡ
Ĵ½֮ǰҶش֮ڹϷսƷʱҶõŪĴָ
ʱ̵ĴָڴŴ½ȴϡĵر
ƾҶǿǸڵļʱͬշһֳԱ֮Ҷ澪ȵķ֣ҩչʾеҩ̵Ĵָд󲿷ֶС
̵ĴָҶϹħնɱ֮䢵Ĵָ֮УҲи̲ĵر
ԭһͷ˵Ĳֲۣչô࿴ȥûõĵرԭ뿿˷һʡ
ת䣬Ҷͷ뷨
ȷʵҶƼǰ㣬ΪƷ̣Ŀ¾Ͳôˡ
͹٣Ļչ嵥ϵҩ۸񻹿ϸġаٷϣҩ۸ϸһɣǧϣҩ۸ϸɣݵĻϷչ۸ɣʦ˵
ŵҶٴһЩҩļֵеĻҪ
ҶͽϽɻҩóһɳۡ
һɣҲʦΪˣ˷ܵĴСС
Ϊһɵķݶ嵥ϵչݶһݡ
գʮҩҶ˴һǧƷʯ룬ҲʹԼʮƷ龧
ǻƷ鵤ǻʮҡ
ֵߣ̺̻̫ˡ
ƾǺϹŲҶֻҪһˣ¾ܹ׬ˡ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷʶ½Ǿ޴ļֵ
Ҷһ³ִȱϣλʦޱסҶ棬ҶպлһҪǵͬʱҲʼ׾ӵҶ׻
ҶĿ׳Щҩĵ
ȻҶҲʡ͵ĵƣ£ʹʦ׳õϢ
Ƿҩչ嵥̿ʼ𣬾͹ˣΪǵŹϵļλʦ˵ЩҩжҪ٣չ
ˣҶһ۳ʮչ
ЩĵرǳϡȱںĴ½ϻֻһЩСջ
λʦҶ£ԺֻҪҶչ۸һɿɡ
ӦµͬʱλʦޱڵĽҶͳſڣӲҶһöѶ
뿪ҩ̣Ҷޱȵ˷ܡ
ͻȻ䷢֣Ž½ϹŲһ޿ľ޴󱦿һ㣬ֻҪܼˣԴһ㶼ȱ
Ҷģ´ʱӦóʱúõĵһºĴ½ۣȻת½ʱ򣬿Ժݺݵı׬һʡ
һǰҶͷһ̵ţͻأģҶͷ͵һ˿¡
̧ͷɲǣֵԵĽڣ˽ǧ֧ʸ
ݵļʸƿɲǣʸѾ壬ΣޱȵϢǵض
Ҷͫ˲Ϣ˼£ǼʸҶ
鱬ħ
鱬ħרõ鱬ħʸ
֧ܹɺɱһͨǿߵ鱬ħʸ
£ҶѾ˺üΡ
нǧ֧ǹҶƣͨ񾳾صĴڣҲܹɱɣ
ڽǧ֧鱬ħʸǰҶǸߴƷƷ׵Ҳ治ת
ʶģҶ淢һˮӿ˲Ϣܲס
ٶõĻɳҲ˲Ϣ串Ҷ
䣡
ͬһɲǣǧ֧鱬ħʸһ׷ԲţҶ˽ȥ


1258 ʿ
ҶδӶ¥еһľ֮˳пѪĻɳѾãҶĶȴ硣
ڶ¥Щֳ鱬ħɱֻûзӦ֮ǰҶѾϣȭһʮһλֵߵԴͱƬ
һ¥ʮλߣҶһնɱʮһ˵ɲǣʮλͬʱӦ˹ǵϮĿʱ¶˲˼顣
ʮ÷һԵ辰֮ƾձֱʮߵĺס
ʮ۾رޱȾ֣˲Ϣʧȥʡ
ΪߴͨصСĴ߶£ʮ÷Ԫ뷢ӳ˼侪˵ЩڵĴֱ̿ͣӱСƵ÷Ԫɱ
һĻýִ̿͵þޱȣҶѾײ
꣡
ɲǼǶϽۣء
һУҲͷһ֮䡣
ڶʮִ̿ͻûзӦ£Ҷȫǵһ֡
ڶ棬䣡
һͷһȻٴξ鱬ħ
״ҶֽһײľУƾʧʮ̿Ŀɿڴ
űһټ鱬ħ󸲸ǺʱҶҲǿŸոѧ᲻õ޼ݷġ
˵£صҶܵѡ
Ҷٶٿ죬Ǳ鱬ħʸ䵽˱
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ŻɳȡǼ䱦һɲǣҶɹ޼ݶ˵صףֶݳˣǰһĻ
ڶص׵ʱҶԸӦصĵصףҲſԿжݷĴ
صǧ֮󣬾һεϣҲ޷¶ݷֺֻܶݳ
عȻܴҶ޼ݷôݷҲܵģΣǼõġ
һ½޼ɣûˡ
ڶʮִ̿ѰҶмͬʱ뾯Ѷ⻪ٴֵϿը֡
Ѳͽɿ
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ϸСľ̵һɲǴ̽ǵ˫֮У顢ʹָжоʱ֡
ʮִ̿ɫرޱȵľ֣ڵ÷Ԫ뿪ʼڵǵΪй
Ҷκ׵Ĵܴ˳˳ɲǣ˫ʮ׼ȷޱȵĺʣʮߣʮ߷Ĳҽ
ס֣
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ͷִ̿ߺ֮ɫˮɫⱬʱϨϵ
ĶҶһۣͷִ̿ͻصһĪĿռ䲨
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룬ܹ鱬ħܹʿģ϶Щ塣
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㣬ǳ鱬ħ󣡡ɳޱͷʹĶҶ档
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֪ڵϦ㲻ΪǱõİɣҶ澪㵵
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Ҷһ£Ҳֻܵͷ
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ƾʧ鱬ħҶָʹСŪߵġ
ϧǣЩҶûҵκмֵЩʿǳרҵǵĴָУ˼ϻʸ֮⣬һܹҳĶ
Щʿݣ룬ҶҲ֪һҡ
ĿܾǱҶӲҵ￤ˣпǽͱļ壬ҵ
ҵעˣǲƾɾܹļ塣
Ѳ˾ѶҲֳֶΣûô
ҶѲʹɳ֪֮󣬾Ѿ֪µĽˣǳ鱬ħĻҪϷһǿʶʡ
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Ѳ˾˽һʱ֮ûκνҶ뿪
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ЩͶϵʯиԴȫι˹𣿡ҴZŭš
Z꣬Ŷرƿһ￤Ŷ롣
Ҳʣ￤͸ҴZӡ
ô
һɵߴȥһΪ˶ԸһĻɫȻüʿȫûˣ
ôЧķãȻķӡ



1259 ʦ
´ĳ̤ͨԭһ޷ݵɸо͸Ҷͷ
֮ȻޱȵķԪŨȸԭʮϣȴһѹָ޴ڣ·ܵơ
ٵڿжԭнҶѰźʵȥεĵص㡣
ͻȻ䣬ǰĴϣһλۡɱĵʿ˲ϢסҶĿ⡣
ǵʿнÿһз֮нٶȼ죬ƫƫʿŴ·ũȹĺףһũ׷׻
ʿ
Ҷ濴ʿ֮ĵһӦңҶĸӦУʿһʿһ˲õĸ֡
ΪҶ澹Ȼ޷ӦʿΪϢ
֮£Ҷܵ˵ԣʿ·
Ҷǣʿ;ҶʱȻפҶԣζʮҶһҾ
ʿǰĽҶ£ʿܸӲÿһƺһһ㣬ڽҶ鸮֮УҶͷĿѣ
һڵҶգʱҶޱȾҶͻȻԤУʿпǳġ
ǣʴʦҶ
СʦҶһ
֣Ҷʶ
ԴҶĴ½Ĵ˵Ҷ֣⻹ǵһμ˵֮ޱȵʦ
˵ÿһʦʹߣ䣬֮Ĺԡ
ȻЩŪЩͨƽջ࣬ǺŪҶˣΪһܹӰܵ۹ڴܵ۹żȨԲǴ˵еô򵥡
֪ʦĳ£Ҷʵ
ķһ£ǰҶնɱŰʮʥǾŰʮʥԩҹҹ޺
ǰ׵´»С˼һˣҶǰǾŰʮʥԹ
ҶɫرޱȵѿûϵһȻ鷳ġ
ЦĽڣЩҶնɱʥ궼δӳԩ޺
˽ڶõó֪ж޳ܡ
ҶҲǾ˵ģһʵԹʴʦô
ЩʥϵᶨͽǵһУΪػ
Ҷܹ̳ǵ־طϴΪսȻܹϴȥǵԹ˵
һҶͫŭ
սҶ滹֪ġ
һЩǿͨطϴɿܵһַ
ֿ֮߱󣬱ΪʻڣҲܹΪͬʱޱȵǿ
ϴĹУЩ߻᳹׵ʧȥΪֱʶޱҳϵս
ڵĵߣȴսΪսܡ
ǾܾأҶ˲Ϣʹ߶˼¡
мƳҶһۣƺҶ߶սĶ˿
ҶܾĻôСͻȡҶġΡһףͷѪһͰȥʥ֮ϣԹ
ɱڵĻһҶʱ˼£׹
ҶڣֻǾĿҶ棬Ŀ⣬ͷ·ڿһֻ׵ڽһ㡣
һӰҶʱͻóӰ
֮ٹ֮£һýӰӰոճֵɲǣֻһҶóӰͬʱһѡ
ʦ𣿡ҶЦ
ҶǲҪ翹ĺãΪ׵սֻҪ㹻Ĺѫպ˵ܹΪĴڣٴȰһĳϿҡ
ĿܰɣҶ߳
ȻҶѾֺ֪ο෴أǸСתսչһԪ겻𣡡
УԺ󶸵̽һֻ֣ź¡¡Ĺ·һץҶ档
ĸ
ŭУҶˣƵĺ޷·һɫһ֡
޷ĴӺ޵ıҴޱĸ߸ߵҶĻڴѪ
ڳԣҪģҶЦһҶ档
Ҳܰ˲ǣ
һɵĻӭֻ֡
һɲǣֻ־ɵҶ
ֶ𣿡ЦţּҶ浱ͷѹ¡
Ȩһ£Ҷ뷨Ϊ˿ֲ䵽֮УҪѾ鷳ˡ
һˣҶ鸮е⻪ʼ鸮ת֮£еһɲǶת˺
ȫ˺鱦׹ڲ
Ʒ𡢵ƶǧö׹鶼κĻҶѾ֪ʲôܹ˵ˡ
¡¡
ɫˮͰϸ·йһ˺ϱߣʱͺɢ
˲͵˸Բ鱦
Ѿﵽĺ鱦նɱЩʥԭˣү
޷ݵ⻪شӺɱǼһ͵ĵۣ׹䡣
УǶһöεƵĴӣһΣ۳һֻ֣Ҷ浱ͷǶ
Ҷʱ͵һ
öδӣȻһƷ߶Ʒ۵֣֮ǰ۵һ֣֮ǿࡣ
һ׹һˮͰϸɫ⻪˲Ϣֻ֮ѿȱڡ
еһΣӿʱֹֻ⻪ǡ
ͬʱҶͷֵ׹һգʧ˵֮ϡ
ּغϣҶģֻС
ԣҶǵѡӡ
޼ݷٶȷǳ죬һصףҶͷɿǰݣҶɲΪصףû취ˡ
ϣҶ棬ȴһЦͨţȻеŵСǰȴ
Цһ־֮˻һ׹ѭҶϢޱȵ˵صס
ҶΰѺĵڣԵޱȵϢʹҶ󴫳ҶͷһͿһ׹ɿ׷
ҶƣٶȣòʮϢܹ׷
Ҷ󼱣Ȼ䣬ҶоһգȴǶһ°ӵϿա
ԥģҶһͷ˵°ӡ
밵ӣҶʱһ󺣵ĸоˮϢɢҶˮеٶʱ˼¡
̵ı𣬺׹Ҳһͷ˵°ӣ˳ˮˮʱƯһޱȵϺ
ˮУҶżƵģʱڣ׷Ҷġ
һҶһ߷ɿζԸ


1260 
ˮУˮն˷ɿӶݵҶ涸شӵºг˰ԡ
ˮ׷ļΪĺŭϣӣǺ鱦㲻
ǰˮ׷ļΪ࣬ҶеǼ鱦
Ϊϵĺ鱦޲Ͼͽ鱦õԸС
ֻҪõ鱦ò깦ĵλܹһأʦָտɴ
ԣҶˮ棬ޱȵҶ档
䲻أǰҶͻȻѪɫħǹħҶΪϢͨһء
ˣѪɫħӰ˲ϢʹһɢޱаϢħ
ǱߴƷħĳеɲǣѪɫħ
ħ壬׵Ʒħ·ɵһͻȻ䣬֣ʱһɵһ㡣
ݣ
ޱ޼ʵаϢҶõħ˧еĳ·һɢ˷
ʱ°Ӿͱаޱȣԭڲݵĵ°ӣ˲ᡣ
ŵͷѪɫǱޱȵĿɬ֣˻һԱʱٶȷˡ
ǣѾˣ
·ѪһѪݺݵ˴ĺϣĽڽ˰֮ڣڵΪ󷨵ļӳ֪֡Ľ󣬱ޱȵļӲ
֮Ľ
Ҷħ˧ȴǴ׷ϣһһĿź
ԭҶħ˧ͨһصΪ޷вġ
Ҷ￤ؿõﲮսϽɻħȴʮ㡣
ҪǣǱΪѪӰ֪նѪԩ꣬ÿһƺԩںХһ㡣
ߣȴ˵ȱ
ɷѪӰҶħ˧ܷӳս
ÿһ£ξͻýӲ֣ѪɫħԼĸ䡢ѹƵȵȸɵӰ졣
ÿһ£׹ͻ䵭֡
ˣ㾹Ȼħ壬ˣغ«һĺŭ͵һҧ⣬һڱԴѪе֮ϡ
ɲǼ䣬֮һѪɫݺݵĺѪӰϣõĴϢ֮
ɿȡһö˸⻪ĵҩ̷ȥɲǼ䣬Ϣһ
ɵаħڡ
䣡
Ⱥ˵꣬һһѪɫ⾶ֱ⻪˺ںؿڴһһľ޴˿ڡ
Ѫ֮࣬ǷۺķΡ඼ͨǸ˿ڿ
ڳϵѪɫħڷɿȾź˿ڣ˿ڸѪڷɿķڸãٵӡ
⡭ⲻܣⲻܣǰֲ˿ڣֵļ
ûʲôܵģٽһԣ
ֲѪɫٴκ£ºӵʼҵֱ
ʱſ֪ʱҶͷȻһѪġ
ģ۾ʱ͵˸ԲڤܣѾˣԡ
ĲҽУٴαһɣһΣһ첲Ĵۣһ
Ѫ«һĺصɲǣİĲݴж̣ޱȵ˺ؿǾ޴˿֮Уݺݵ˽ȥ
һޱȵļУһѪɫںֱӽ̻˻ҽ
һӨѪɫ֮£Ǳ潹һ㣬û˿˺
ʮ÷Ԫһɲ˺֮Уʹĺҽ
ɲǣʮ÷Ԫʱͷޱȵ˺ڵ
Ϊ÷Ԫ룬Сֱӽı̽˺ڣֳַ̣
Ϣ֮󣬺ͱһ⽬һޱȵͷһֳ֮һõ۵ʹ˶ݳ
ʦĳ͹ʱˡ
һЦɫ⣬ĺ˺ꡣ
󾪣⻪ɿš
ʦɱңʮ壡ʮ壡鼱֮£Ҷ
ԣҶȴЦһҲɱ㣬ҲҪõûȥϴˢʥԹҲɱ㣬ʮ壬ҲǸ
˵ǲɱãɱã
һƺڿһ㡣
һɲǣɫֱƺϵһ˿ֱӺ֮ڡ
ʱɢ
״Ҷһ
һսþҶĵƣ۲ν
ڵϲκα¶ħ˧ڴһ޴£Ȼ޷κκղòսѪǰӳ֡
Ҷڵħ˧սѪһһ㡣
һսսѪ컹ãħ˧Ϣٲһ㣬Ҫͨһص䵽ˡ
Сı嶼ܵ˺۲ν
˶ҶͱޱȣȻҪɱңҶ棬ԲǺù
ʱСڿʮ÷ԪٵźΪȻţɢһΪҲʹɢ
Ǻ̺źޱȵľ
ÿһξѪ֮ڣÿһ֮ڣ̺ޱȾ
ʮ÷Ԫ룬СĴ߶£ЩѪе
תȻߣǺͨ񾳾۷ΪҶΪֱߵ˲ֵ֪ز
һ㣬ܸҶת
һİޱȵע룬ҶΪֱӴһغسڡ
ҶΪͻƵɲǣһֱڹϷҶʱõ飬ôĺ֮£ǰһޱȵע£ͻȻҵ
⼸޶ؿռݣѩһٵ̮
һĿռ˸ڲĿռٴһ
طӡݽ⣡
Ҷû˿ϲ⣬û֮̽ؿռı仯ٶֳйϢ
һɳʱͽֳһյĸɸɾ
ŵĴսĶ̫ˣ֪ܶԭصûʲôֶΣձ˷Ҷﱬħǣ˭סҶ档
ԣս½Ҷ̵ʱ뿪
ҶֱС˺ԺɵͬʱһҶͷսѪ춸Ѫ䡣
һѪ⽫Ҷ泹װסɲǣҶ˴սѪеħķλϢ
ʱսѪٴαһִĿޱȵѪɫ⻪Ѫɫ⻪˸˼£ҶսѪ죬ԭƾʧ


1261 ħĻ
ҶսѪԭʧûӵĹһɢ·Ӱһ߾ŵºɿѲ鵽˷ŷսĵط
ħᵽħζһޱ˶󣬳ޱɢŵӲͣĳ鶯ű
ħ
ͷ̽͵شһ£һӾͳɢŵӣඣԭϳħ֪ʲô
ɢŵһͨᣬصĻˣųϢ֣Ũħ֮⣬ϢһԵĻȥˡ
Ψһȷǣħǳľģпħ֮е塣
壿
ͷޱأȥ򣬸ȥ򣡡
ˣħϢͼһ򣬲ûκ뿪ļȥμֻǡƾʧ

Լһ֮һԭи߼ħпħ֮еǱϢͨͽ˴ܻ򰵵鱨ء
ʱĳ
һһ׷ٸַɿħϢĵ°Ӹַɿ뿪
̶һʱ֮ԭפĽӳ֮һӵ˾ݷѲ鸽
֮ѲߵѲֱ֣һ
ԭԷŵԪĳĸ£һֱı壬ͻȻϿա
ЩĿĹ⻪˳йһȺ۵ļĶžеԻӰ񣬳ȴΨһĸоǾýЩ۰ˡ
ȻҲиΪ߾һЩͨطߣʱ͸Ӧ쳣ɨһۣʹҴҵһ
һʱ䣬صձý
صĽգҶȴһ֪෴ģҶܸˡ
ҶսѪİ³ħʱҶͷϲüֱ޷ݡ
ˣ
Ŀԣ
ǹżϵļظĲ²ȫȷ
սѪħſռϵսѪͻƵ֮ƺƿռƾ֮ĿռϵҶͿԻصħڡ
صħڣʹֻҪҶԸ⣬ͿʱصĻصϹħ
⵱еĺôֱ޷
Щħеħȣֻÿʮһε֮УлϹħڡ
ңֻж̶һʱ䣬ܻܲϹħڵħ񴫳С
ҶֻҪԸ⣬ͿԽϹħѰ뷨صϹħĴС
뿴ڶͳ˧ħôˣոɢȥһۣʹһ
ħڣĹħĻ꣬ȫֽħĻ꣬Ŀϰ֮ڡ
ɼڶʵִҶľ
һ㣬ҶǳϲΪ֤˾Ҷ治ڣڶҲħչж
ܿģҶڣħ˧ڷʩĺڶǰ
̶²ڶϢԽĳȣΪҶ治ڵԵʣڶϢȻֱ׷Ҷ棬Ҷɢħ˧ϢҪǿһ֡
һӦҶͷ֣ڶϢѾﵽͨصĳ̶ȡ
Ҷһ˽Ϊûкڶֲ
ӦҶ֮ʱڶΪųԭ
ҶĿ֮£ڶĴ˧Ķʮһλ˽Ҷ񣬡ҵȹӭ˧ع飡
Ҷ滺˧֮ϣڶŴŶʮһλ˽ࡣ
̶̼µĹ򣬾Ȼŵ˶ʮࡣ
ڶҶ㱨һͨ⼸սħȶıԴأƽսߡ
Ҷʱ´ľɳĳѾϹħڵĵλ˽ӽ֮
ˣؽ𣬾żƽٶ˵оҶ´˾˳ֵľͽ˺ڶָȨ
ڶΪڶ̶̼ھͳԽҶڵħ˧Ҷ˾ӡ
Ŀǰڶҳϡ
ǣϹħĹɣħ꽫ΪԽߣԽߣĺڶѾͳɣѾϲŭ
֪ԺΪ֮󣬻᲻֮ġ
ϾҶ沢ܳϹħ
ΪԭҶѸٵǰĶʮһɵţֱָڶߡھΪɫ˽ξų
Ҷ棬ͳ˧
ȻҶ潫һΪΪڶҲսԷĿԡ
ңһ֮ųΪٶ֮죬Ҷ룬гһգûпܽЩħ꽫Ϲħأ
ܹȥֵϾͶһƥǿޱȵĴ֣
ųĳɳٶ֮죬ǳƽǣҶͲöų
ţƷƽţ໥ӦҼл⣬˧߶սѪӦȡ
ЩսߣַȥַЩսǿĽ죬дһ֣Ҷ￤ʮħȫ
Щħ֮УƷٲƷƷֻ
ƷҶԸħ˧ģƷƷȫַȥ
ʮ·Ҷս
Щûսħ彫죬ѹԵơ
һ׼֮·ȫΣҶħҲʼ˴λתϹħҪĿġ
Ҷ沢һͳϹħҶһλתһ֤ԼĲ²⣬ʵ
ΪҪۣĿǰҶͷûнݾ棬ҶȴŽݾ
ǾħĻ꣡
ħĻھ֮󣬾ͻתֱ鸮Ϊ
̶̼ڶִҶľѾϰħĻꡣ
ҶţֻҪϰħĻ꣬Ϊһ˵
ؼʱ̣ܹΪɱﵡ
ңΪҲԴȵҶս
ߵΪһͻƵΪҪԾԽԽ
ΪԽǿ󣬲ٶԽ졢鵤ٶԽ죬ͨŵٶҲ죬ʩչͨŵҲԽ
ԣҶһλĿľջħץЩħĻꡣ
ħڣҶ߶ǻеħڵħĻꡣ
ؿλĹһֻһֻħĻͱ룬˲ϢͱһޱȵϢҶ鸮֮С
ҶΪۿɼһЩ׳Ҷ鸮ĵҲ²׳š
ͻȻ䣬һѪɫ⾶ֱħ֮Ǳ޵Ҷ֮С
ڶһֻʮ˵ħš
ӦѪɫ⻪ڼ¼λϢһɲǣսѪѪһҶξԭʧ


1262 Ԫ
Ϲħڣźڼ׵ĺĵڶһֻߴʮ˵ĳɫħŶš
ͻأģһѪ֣Ѫ֮УһӰѪг֡
ӰֵɲǣһѪɫâֱ˺գɷԩ·Ϻˮһй
Ѫɫâֱ˶ĴУֱӽλΪߴͨصͳ˧ķھۼڶɫħͳ˧ܵϰλ죬ֱһ֮»ҷ
оͷ·һֻһ㣬ЩնɱĽɢľ꾫һβʣĳսѪ֮ڡ
ѪӰҶ棬սѪļӳ£硣
ߵ֮£ͽʮͳ˧ɱ󳡣һģнͨʿ䡣
սѪ·ӶʽĽЩ꾫һɨ⣬ѪⱬʱͰסҶֱŲƻħڣʱһͻأֻʮϢĹ򣬾֮ʧ
ʮϢʱڣ±ߵսȴǴ
ռݾ޴Ƶʮɫħͳ˧նϰ챻նɱֱӾͱһɢɳ
˰Σڶŵľų߲űһŭ𣬴ʿʼ档
תħҶ棬ħ˧ϢҶϥڵطɿħĻΪ
ͷһɱҶƾƷѪӰ֮նɱ֧ħŵĺôҲԶ׼ġ
Ҷħ˧ΪϢԭҪͨˣŵһɱõľ޴棬ֱҶħ˧Ϣָͨ񾳶صΪ
ҲҶΪʲôһӵѪɫֹͣǱ޳սԭ
ǵڶսʤ֧ʮ˹ģĳɫħţƾҶ·ڶƾ˾ֻܹɫħš
ǵŸӦܹСĴȫֻɫħţѹҶ涯֡
ǣ˵ľʱ֪ͨҶ棬Ҷ´ŵ
ҶΪħ˧ʵˡ
ȥֳնɱħ꽫䣬һͷҶ˧ʵٶȻԿ첻ȥ
ڴ֮ǰҶħ˧ʵնɱʦ֮Ҷ淢֣ħ˧ʵõĺãԻһųǿơ
ֻĿǰħ˧ʵ̫Ǻ⣬ƷѪӰҲնɱ˺ġ
ԣħ˧ʵǵ֮
Ҷ´
ȻҶ޷ȵΪΪʵҶҲˡ
һʮ죬Ҷ涼ޱȵ߱ţһյŷļѶʱϹȥնɱԷʵ
ʮħ˧ʵͨأҶΪҲڡ
ΪȻˣȴҶһƣڱĸооħ˧ʵΪˡ
߶üˣҶҲûӡ
һ죬һѪɫٴħڣɿħĻҶ档
˵ľšնɱħ˧ΪӦܹͻƵͨ˰ɣҶֹһ䣬΢սѪɴԺɳҶս
ҲһɲǣһͻأĴҶ鸮𣬡ӣһĻӣ
ôһ޲ɼĴӣүҲ£һ죬ǲԼ
żȳζҶһˮһɢ߳˭˭ҹ
ӰүҽҹŲŴүүʶ㣿ֵٴ
ɲǣҶ涸һֲ˼Ŀ⿴Լؿڡ
ֵȻǴؿڴģ
ڣҶȻ
ӰΪүԸ˲֪꣬ƶүˣ
һΣҶȴѧˣ˳ֵܿҵԴͷȻҲпǶԷûпصԵʡ
ֵԴͷȻؿڵڡ
һָֻСͷǳĹߣޱȵֵġ
ʲô⣬ôôôأҶʵ
ϣҶ仰ȴ̼Ǿߣҳ󣿻˵үҳĲų󣬻ȫҶ汲󡭡
ȫҶǳƣеһӹŮһӣŮŮȫǻӡ

о˵ٵˮһǹ߿пӿҶŽֱð
ģûġ
ȻҶҲɵ˿켣ƶϣҶԼ³ƾճڵĹʲôˡ
ǣҲ̫ˣܹ
׹һһɫ;ֱੲݵĹϡ
һ֮󣬹ߵ˲Ϣ
һĻҶһΪɱߡ
һɲǣǹޱȵĿռһŤһ֮ǰСһŵĹ߾֡
ӣҺүңҺүҵģȫ
¡¡
ٴκڣٴŤ
ӡ
¡¡
һʮ֮ԭָֻСĹߣѾСָ׸ǴСޱߡ
ӣҺүҡ
¡¡
ɱˣӣٺҾ͡
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үǴүҴүˣˣٺ䣬ҪˣĺʹޣȻˣټң͵ٽһطӡ
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үүҴүӣǻӡֻСĹľ˫ι״˫֡
ֻҪҵδݽߣ˰ɣ˹֣Ҷʵ
һ㣬ô֪
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شߵģһ
ÿαɢҵĪһƣ㵱ɵҵ۵Σǣҵ۵֮Уȴ̺һ飡
ĸоܰɣҶٺЦ
һĿɿڴĿҶ棬ӣôôܡ
¡¡
ɫٴĺ£ֱó߷ҽ
үǴүӡ۳εĳæ˴
˵ɣ㵽ʲô⣿Ҷʵ
㲻Ѿ֪𣿡߷ʵ׹˸æĴԪ飬Ԫ飡
ޣؿռӡָܹ𣿡Ҷʵ
ʵүӡʵһֱڣֻǷѹģֱ㡭үŪôԪ壬Ҳ۳һԪ顣ԪͰ͵˵
ħĻ֮ΪԪ壿ʶ˵˵㶼ʲôôҶʵ
Ԫϸ˼һ£ȻҡҡͷĿǰƺʲôɲˣ
¡¡
֮ǰ飬ѾҶ֪һһĲټļͷԥɫк˹ȥ
һɲǣ۳εԪĳ߼صĺǴүǻӣĿǰʲôɲˣ
ҵı屻ĺķӡ֮У˵Ǵ󲿷ֵļҲȫ޷á
ģҶЩɻ
黹棡ҪȻѴүʵһ㣬Ҳȫһ㣬ܹĻָ𣿡Ԫ
ԣҶ滺ĵͷϿԪ˵
һɲǣʶʲôҶڵͶӰ۾һУֻССԪ飬ʵô˵˵㷽ΪʲôҴ޲ɼҵ޲ɼ


1263 ֮
ô˵˵㷽ΪʲôҴ޲ɼҵ޲ɼ
ҶĿƵĶţԪӵһתСԴҡĸ˹һ㣬ϰߣϰߣڴүУ˶ӣÿһӶ޴ޡ
¡¡
ɫٴμԪ鵱ͷ£ңһҶһΣԪŰ֡
ȻҶ֮£ǲһĴڣǿԪÿα£Ըжʹޱȡ
˵㻹Ƿʰʵ㵽׷ʲôҶһԪָͣһɭ
үǴүԩ
Ԫ齫˵꣬ͻؾƾֳһɫһžŰʮһɫԪΧƴ䡣
Ըѡһٱţǡ
˵ǴүǻӣʵԪ鱻ҶƸŵˣͷĸСһ㡣
˵
Ӱǿڵ̫׵Ϊķÿһ̫׵ϹŴϷѲϡ
үȴһԵƷãⲻޡ𣿡Ԫ
̫׵ϢǾϢඣҶʵ
ԣԪ鲻мһ̫ʲô⣿ҲүȣүЬ䣡
ҲǵꡭꡭꡭԪͻؽ
Ҷüͷһ壬ʲô
ˡԪһ˼ģҶɫ֮ǰɿ˫Ͷ״屻ȱʧȱʧ
Ҷ˼һ£Ԫ˵ƺҶĿǰ˽еĻҪӡ
һΣòҪƭңҷƭңܣҶָɫ˸ѡ
ˣ˵˵̫׵ôòŲ̫Ҷʵ
⡭
¡¡
ԪԥɲǣҶͺԥԪԴһʮɫԪҽ
Ժʲô˵ʲôҲϲԥϲµģҶ߳
Ҷ֮еʹʰԪ飬һԪһּļһǷʰ
ҶڷԪ֮ϸ鿴Ը꣬ĴԪ֮һϵ
ʹԪӳֵһ̣ھҶӡʮа˾ҶΪϾʹġ
ԣĳ̶ֳ϶ԣҶʰԪ飬Ҳû취
ҶԸ⽫Ϊѱ
Ǹող׽ҰҪˣҪȽҰѱ
ҶʰԪ飬
ˣҶʵ
Ԫ齫ͷĸСһ㡣
˾ͻشҸղŵ⡣
ʵܼ򵥣̫׵۵ķײɢ޿ԣֻҪǿע룬ٷֳ򣬾ͻγһôڵķԪѵõ˵һΡ
ôڵķ޿ԣǿע룿Ҷͷͻһ˵
һɲǣҶͷһΣһӰͳҶǰһڵħ˧ϢҶĿ£ͷٵĹһӰ
עħ˧֮һϢӰϢ;ҵĻζȥʱбĿܡ
£Ҷ漱ˡ
һӰûʲôǰӰҶոעȥ֮һħ˧Ҳ֮ɢˣʧɾʹˡ
ôܣ˵ҶԪŭ
˵̫׵Ӱǵ̫׵Ϣ̫ˡ
¡¡
ɫٴκ䵽ԪԴ£һҪ˵һ룬Ӻһ죡
ӡΪӣҺүҵģǻӡҵԪģĹš
߶ţҶСֱӴڳȡһ̫׵ע뵽ǾӰ֮УʱǾӰϢͱޱȵȶ
ֱҶ潫Ϊߴͨصħ˧Ϣȫע룬ǾӰϢҲȶ
֮Ҷǰȡ֮һɢޱħͨ۷ħ˧
һ£Ҷ΢΢һħ˧ͰҶ뷨жɬ֮С
Ҷ澪ˡ
̫ˡ
Ҷ߶һͨصĸְ
Ҷ棬ֻҪһûκ⡣
ҶԪΪʲôҪˣΪֻҪŪôһ߷ҶͿԷá
ıħǱħ˧Ըսɱõκʱ䣬֮ǰһƣڱ
ֲǣս֮ʣͨصĸ֣ڹؼʱ̣ԺҶеϡ
ô׾һ߷ʲô㣿Ҷʵ
ȻУעͬ㲻ͬⴿɾƵģûʵ壬һĳЩ飬͵
Ȼӵ޷̫׵Ĵүԣѹ⣡Ԫ˵
һɲǣҶ߶䣬ȫƷ֮ڣֳɷѪӰݵħ˧ͳҶǰ
˼һ£ҶҳһƷĶƳħ˧֮С
û˰ɣһ⼸ƷǾ޷˺ħ˧ıɣ
ɰ֣սѪѪһѪ˸֮ʣħ˧ͳϹħǰ
Ĵһ£Ҷֳһ߶ħ˧Ҷ汾ȴħħĻɿ
Ҷ״̬ԪȴǼˣȵȣүүģȵȣһ˵û˵أ
ޣҪ˵ʲôҶʵ
ʵɣֱ̫飬Ǹħ꣬ң鸮ڵǸСһҲǿԵģԪ˵
Сһĸ˵СҶʵ
ԣԪٴοͷûҲԳΪķңŶʶŶķȻе㲻һ
һ֪Ҷʵ
ȻԪһĵ⣬ΪСԼ壬ŶʶԣҪֻҪһ̫Ƶ̫Ըܹ
ҶԪ֮Ľ̸СȻˣԪ˵꣬С˷ܵĴףһ̫ѾȲȥ߿ˣ汲ҼеǾֵ硣
Ҷһ䧴ʮλԶžһҾ
û뵽ôܹʵˣ
Ϣ֮Ԫָ£Ҷ潫һž̫͸СʱСϲ
ʱһȵε֦ʹҶָ̽ȵĹ⻪аһ̫Ҷ̽ɿıţһģģӰڷɿγɣ
ҶѰ˼СʲôģʱԪٴ𣬡ʵڣһСһҲܹͨķʽɷ»صѾõ䡣
⻰ҶһһСһô֪
û˵꣬Ҷһ䣬֪Ԫ˵Сһָ˭ˡ
˵һСһ˵ľɣҶߵ
ٺ٣үӢ䣬ԪЦ


1264 
ף㿴ҵӣƯ𣿡
Ҷǰһλɫˮȹϸˡ㷢ںڡŮ衣
㷢ȹ磬ͷ·ɫһ㣬ֻһۣ޷ƿĿ⡣
㡭СҶʳһܴĻ㡭ôģ
СĸʮλԶžԲˣҶôҲ޷Сϵ
ҶҲԭС̫֮ģı
ôײϲ𣿡
Ҿǰո׵ϲģϲģģ𣿡С˵
ҶֱԶԣ֪ô½硣
СҲϲǡ
㲻ϲϲ̫ϲˣֻ塭ҶűߵһֻͷǵĽŹ͵˽ֱ˽СĻ
ǻ˹ȥɫ⻪һϸϸ˿ͽԪĽŹ߸Ӳģĵڵء
үģ뺷ӣ뺷ӣûӵ£뺷ҲǺӡ
ĽŹһͨס˿׷䣬ַС
һΣӭȴһɫҺŵ档
Ҷүֹ׷ԣ޳ܵΪڵصԪĽ߳Ҷ
ҡŮԥһ£Ҷ滹ȷСŮԻݣԣԶ㡣
Уӽ־ͽС󣡡Ҷ˵
ʲô󣿡Ԫ麱ıŭô֣ҲҪҶҪү֣֣
ֽ֣ʲôҶʵ
Ҷ仰ǵ㵽ԪѨһ㣬Ԫվ˰죬ʹĴԸԴҼǵиޱȵţҵء
֮ǰҸ֣Ҷȵ
һүҶүһ̫ˣʵ䲻˧ңĽʹİ
ðɣһǾͽг߰ɣͻһΣٲ⣬Ϻһٱ飡
һ£ԪĽ߲ûеʹ飬ߣ㻹ɱң
ߣţҶ澯Ƶһ
ҶүۻһҶͻֵ׹⣬ԪæӦ󣡾ͽа󣡡
ϲ֣ȻϿֱһ㣬ȴ̺ĲɣһںԲŻõ֣Ҿ֡
Ľߵת֮죬ҶĿɿڴһ磬ҲȻˡ
ˣȻ˻壬ǾɣȥϹħ䣡Ҷ⽻һ䣬ͱ۾ʼ
Ԫ鰢СųŵʱҶֶСһ䣬СţһʲôҪģ
ҪǸҺ߲ʹᣬҪǸһ߶㣬͸ңһΣһٴΣҪǸһһΣҾͺһǧΣ
ոջϲЦտԪ鰢Ҷޱȶ񶾵Ľ֮ʱͲ
ոµ˱簡
ħſڴСЦף֪ˣҪǸҺҾΰ̶ԸķԸ
Ҷ˴ͻȻ䷢֣Сƺ򵥵ĸֽһ㣬⼸ڣѧϰһһУ

ʮ֮Ҷ´һľ֮뿪ħǰϹħĿռڡ
ܾɽҶԼ³ķصʱ䡣
һθսѪãҶԺֻҪʱ䣬ʱϹħǱޡ
ϧǣսѪֻŲƵħϹħڵһλ꣬ħϹħ֮λ꣬Ŀǰȴ޷Ųơ
ϹħĳڣʵһÿռɵռŲÿʮ꣬ħܹϹʱھʹطռŲ󣬿ħ
ǣһֻա
֮֮⣬ռŲһ̤㣬ģ˭Ҳ֪ᱻŲƵ
Ψһܹ֤ģһںĴ½ڡ
ҲǽϹħΨһա
ϣҵҪôһҶ潫ħ˧Сͳͳսڣ̤ϹħÿռŲ
˺ľٴϮҶȵվǿռ˺֮Ϯ֮ϣǿȣѾȫԳŲʱĿռ˺֮
⻪УҶǰĹ⾰ƶǼ䴫е
һᵽеҶЦˣ㻵ӦûڴܾڣڴܵΧ֮ڡ
ϣֻдܵŻڵֻдܵľڲᵽŨŨ㡣
ԶںīɽͣǰǽɫˣڣĴɡ
磬Ǻݺο
ֵܣǲɽ
һλũ֮ҶЦŵл뿪óǷݼ׵ĵͼ
ܵĽ̫ˣܲŸɽմ̲ǾҲû½ǳϸͼ
ݹ˵һΪɽͼıֳĴ½֪ǱҶǱˡ
Ҷ氲Ľݣ˾ŪһݱעйϹŲ󡢸ݿõŲļͼ
˵ǣⲥݳڣһõϹŲ
Ҷֵĵط벥ֻһ·̡
Ϣ֮Ҷ潫Դը˵ԪĽ߰˳һųģлɱŮС
ħ˧ҶӽˮˣŻö֮ķų
ۣζ꣬ˣүᵽζɲǣԪĽ߾Ȼ棬˵һԵڷĴ˹
ǵһԵũŭĿӣҶǸʯ⳥
ߵ磬ŮС§סҶĸ첲˽ףԺܲߣϲ
˵ţСı˫Ŀ
Ҷصĵ˵㡣
ңҡĽ߰ҲҶ棬ӭģȴһߣ


1265 ׽
Ҫǻ߻죬ͰǸĶǸӿɲ뱻·˶һۡҶȵ
ۿŲݳǽҶһλ˼˰ޱȵıС·ͱȽעĿˡ
ϸſһͷײİͷǵĽߣֵǣͷĶǻʱʱ˸⻪
ģ벻עⶼѡ
ôĶǣ̵ܴӼУ˲ҽеĶǣôǶءүģգ
Ҷָ˸ɫʱ򣬰ֽһͷĶ͵˻ȥ
һԪ鵹˳۶ˣϾĽȥ
صķ֮ĲݳҲˡ
벥ݳ֮ҶֱݳǵģϹŲ󣬾ڲݵģΪݴ˴ͬʱҲΪݴ档
ϹŲֻṩŲ꣬ÿ˴ʮƷʯҪȥݣʯźƣȥǱߵţԼʱ֮
λҪɶʮƷʯͷС峤һߣá
ӣǳȫҶǳ˵꣬ҶͷĽ߾ƿڴ
һ㣬ʱŭˡ
ͷ˵Сⲻټǳڳ࿪˵ȴټ
ҶһסĽߵͣһǸҶۣҶԵСˡ
壬Ҽҵİ󣬸ոռûãûѱҰԣ
аɰޱȵıСһһŭʱˣûҪһŮ𣬻һޱȿɰŮ
ǿɵСˣǻãǳײĳЩˣɾʹˣĵĽһ䣬Ҷϵʯ˺ơ
Ҷȴһͷʹޱȵĸо
С̤Ŷãһ²ɣѾ龫ֵѧԸˡ
Ҷұ֤Ūþ̵߽ġ
ϾϹħǶʮʱڣС밢һġ
һΣҪٸҺ˵˵鷳ŲҺһ飡ĽߣҶһơ
ǣҶүӶǵ⣬ȻүǳⲻҸ߹ĳ𣿡æ
Ҷȴһ治֪һԽǴġ
ȴŲƵϰˣ˴ʱֵģŲĺڣŵŲƵʯĿȴ˺ŲһΡ
һ޶Ų꣬ίʵɺޡ
ҶҲԭҶֻҪŲΣִܹԭɲ޶꣬ٵŲΣĴβܵԭ
ȴĹУĵĲϹŲ˴ĿĹ⻪
žϢ뺷ľսŲڿͨʿ䣬ҵΪĿ٣ŲͨеϢ
ݣȵϴܽˡ
֪λݵҶҲɵÿ˹ȥ
½߳һ֮󣬽һǧҵӥǹ˵Ĺ۲ķĶ
ǧϣǧװޱȵŮӯ߳
ЩޱȵŮҶͷİˮˣöӣöƯӡ
ŮһܺޱȵճݣݳԼףԼʮףǹģڳֹĳݡ
͸ܱɴʣԿϰŮűɴµŮ߶ʱʱĽʹƽ복ĵߡ
ҶһŮཫһͽһ۵ĹͷУǵǹͷЦָޱȵŮ
ӵһĻܸͨ첻ѣ˶ŭԣ˭׵ЩȨ
ӣӣһӶ㲻ϵ⾹Ȼôӣүֻܿޣ
Ľﹾŭţ͵һ⡣
òŮźĹͷ۴ţ䲻˵һޱȵĺ͡
һûзֻҪǸˣͷҲӲȥ
ʱͲҺһʱѪ硣
ŭĹͷ͵ؽ̽ݣķŭĸ쵰͵Ϯүӹֵģӹ
Ľ߰磬ȴǵ֮󣬾ವһҶĻ
ͷŭţ˷ܶͷ޷ȷ˭ֵġ
ʱ򣬳ڶشһߣһҲʣ򣬡͵Ϯʦһòͷˣ
ϸָ֤ҪȻڳЩˣһȫΪ
û˵꣬ͷڵĿͻһҶϡ
ҶڿǸӵɲǣɫرޱȵѿù
ͷڵӲǱˣǴǰ֮бҶӿ˵İ٤
٤ĿⶨҶϣҶ֪ˡ
־һ££ҪģҪģָҶת񱼵ı٤Ъ˹ŭ
ʱǰǧʱͱһ룬ǰеһսҲھٵָ·ɿҶ
ôһСҲҶүͷ۴Цһһ֣ϰٵͨϢĵʿʹӳ
ץģү˵ҪץģһҪģ
ǣʦͣϰͨ񾳵ĵʿҾ֮󣬾ͷ׷Ҷܵķ
Ҷڷϰͨ񾳵ʿ֮󣬾ʹ
һǼ㲻ϰͨ񾳵ĵʿҶһǶµ;û·
ݺݵĸԪ鰢һƣڿеҶһɳһɿʧЩ׷˲ʧȥĿꡣ
óϵǹͷʦһͬʱһԵԱߵ˼䡣
ԭ׵ʧ˽ǧʥ˵ͷΤһ䣬ǰɳһС׹СԲԲ϶ٵϸϸ׹򸽽ĵʿ
жݷߣССͨţҲڱǰ¶
ȥСӸҴӵص״һ߳ȣݺ󷽾Ȼֳİʿİʿǰߵһٵʿ֮󣬷׷׹˵صס
ţֱݹرճţ커ǴԷӴӵصǱӣһӰзɳһ̫зɿĽӹԶ
ǰ󲻹ʮϢͻͶǹ⣬ݳֵġ
ͬһɲǣոմӵص׶ݵǽϵҶһͷ˸ոһǹ⣬Ըͷۻ
ǹѸص׵֮һһĹ򣬾һޱȼ͵ػĻ
ݳµ¶һػĻģҶݺݵĸĽ߰һȭ
쵰ҺȻ֣һľѹһ
һѰҲ֮أҶһҧгݵŭţǳ׽Ҷ棬Ǳ


1266 
үģ̫̫̫ûã˵£ҪǰĻӣһ̸ǧ˰٣ҶŹİһİۡ
ӦԶ׹⼲ٵĶһˮ֮Уûֻ˽۷ϢĻӰҶ棬͵ס˰͡
浣ļһٸʲô¡
ͨҶԲλͨ񾳣սǿɱǿʦҶͲˡ
οֻҪԸ⣬ʱԵݳǵʮѲҶ棬ҶĺǿҲҸʮװ˿ֲľеĴӲ
λ׹ӵص׶ݹʦһֱӺҶûֻϰĳޣХ
ˣҶŻһ
ʦ֮ǰ׷ɱҶʦΪǲһأֻͨڵΪ
Ǽܲסడ˰
ңǸָʦĴʦΤޣǿֲĴڰ
Ҳ͵ʱԶǸΤްû£ҪȻҶܲӵ⡣
ߣ㣬Ҫ㣬Һ͸ҲίĶգոںĴ½ˣһͱҶʱջڵСһŭ
ֻһ̯εôܹңҲ֪ޣ֪Ҷү
Ĳ˵ˣõı£ɫ뵱꣬С檱ӿ˲֪ٴΣҲôүû취һĵ⡣
˭ԾҶͻʵ
Ԫ鰢һ԰˭ҡΪʲô벻أҼǵãǸС檵ظĺܰף̫
ҶݺݵĸſˮİһǱˣ˵ķ̫ãķܸôһ
һ㣬ֵ̯үүһɲǰģǡ
ָָԴ屻ȱʧȱʧ
Ҷ鶸ת䣬ָϿʼԾɫٲʵϾͺһΣҽؽڲ
в̫ˣԪԣֲ̫ˡ
æľͶ룬Ҷүȱ𼱣룡
Ϊʲôأҿʩչܵľ;ĺãүȣ̫ˣõֵһᰡ
˵ص㣡Ҷָը졣
ҶүҾģţǺʽĸ˵ģҾģʩչĳЩʱ򣬾ͻṴҵļ䣬طļʱ
ʩչõµĶݷʱʱͽҶĵˣ˺ܶ࣬ܶ࣡Ԫ˵
Ҷͷһ˼ǣҪʩչ޼ݷ㿴ܹʲô
ûӿϡ
һɲǣĽ߰ٴΰҶүһ⣬ֻ˳ڣ˳ϰ߶ѡ
ðɣһ⣬棬ٴʩչݷϸţǻʲôϸңҶݺݵ˵
ܲ˵
ܣ
ŶҶүʵĸһ㽱ڸɻʱӵҵˣļ˵͸࣡
ٷϻϹؽڣҶһԪǵı͡
ˣ
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һϸϸɵıӺݺݵĳĽߵϣٱϹϸϸëÿһë϶˸Ÿɫ⻪
ߣҸףҾͳ㣡Сŭ߳
СѾͷƬӣԪ壬ҵҶү֮⣬˭Ĺ˲ң˲ң
Ԫ鰢꣬ͻطҽС߶ٱĽߵϣĽǲҽ
⡭ⲻܣôɡ
޴ĳߣǸڳģʹиڶϢԣʰ㣬͸ʰûκ
˵ţҶƤͻؾ̽ǧϸϸٱޣԪ˹ȥ
ǧϸϸٱްÿһΣǧޣҶƣ⼸ϢĹԪͰ˺üˡ
ǲҽеҶŶ
Сȴûκֵͣ˼󣬻ԪҶģҶ濪ڣεĳͷǽ
´ҶԸκβߣһ߳ǧϸϸٱջҶڡ
Ԫ߶µĿҶ棬ɿŵһڣ촽֪һʲô϶ǲʲôĻ
ҶĿı£Ȼ˵ʾӦжݷֺܻôֵжݷҷԼжݷӦһΪݵͨݷŻ
뵱꣬үƾݶݷӰȥ٣һЩҲ߼ء
ҶʱĴ˴ڻ״̬üɫİ󣬡˵ص㣬֪𣿡
Ȼһ٣Ȼˣܷ
ȰأҶʱǧϸϸٱޡ
˵ʵͣҶоֵֹģǷǳЧġ
Сٱ޳ȥһޱȵķͳҶ鸮֮У΢΢һģ޼ݷһȣֱࡣ
ݼͨĵط޼ݷµĵطϰٱ
ٺ٣ҶүҵĿұ֮һ֪ӹٻӣѧˣһҪҶ͵Ưӡٴγ֣ǵı͡
Ҷˮƽ֪ݷޱȵ
κнԿɶݣǽһ˿Ϣѳ֮⣬Ҳ׶ݳ
Ҷ浣ĵǣµͨţԲǶʱڿɵģĿǰ棡
ҪǰҪץͨ񾳵ĸѵصףվ׽Ҷ档
ʵɣʱԽ⣬Խ򵥣Ǹ϶Ļ˵򣡡ԪȻ˵
򣬵ӹм˴ĴڣҶûʵ
Ҳǲ֪ǣݵ֮ȴ֪ģȻţҶүֻҪ㲻ҹػȥҾͽݵ֮㣡
Ҷ˰һۣҪǲŵԣôԣɣˣһнпܣ
ﲻˬĹţϢ΢΢һһϢҶ鸮С
һۣҶ۾ͱޱȣ
⻹ǡ


1267 ʦͼı
µĲһţҶŤͷ·һһ㣬˲ݳǵصǹ֮ĳǷ
Ϣ֮Ҷһһ㣬ƾյĳڲݳǼʮһɽͷ֮ϡ
һǰǸ޵һĲݳǣҶЩŵĺݺݵһԸĴȣһжģ
̫
Ҷûݸ޼ݷ֮𣬵Ҷȴ֪֮ԵĲࡣ
˵޼ݷܹʩչ߼Ԧ֮дôݾֱӽʩչ߻һ֡
ֻҪڵĵطĹǶôӶô£ͿС
Ҳֻ˲ᣬѹ޷Դ
ǰ޼ݷǰͭǽڵĲݳǷҶǰͬһ㡣
ҶڶݳʱݳǷûиӦһ˿һ쳣
ԶݳϿ˸ǹ⣬гǷڲѲӰҶͻһͽͷϵԪĽ߰ˤ˵ϡ
ȻɱһĿĶĽ߰󣬡㻹֪ʲôͨţһԵȫ˵ҪҴ̱ƹ
·ӦҶĺһ㣬һµСҶԣǧϸϸٱޣ·һڰ裬˼
Ԫ鱻Ҷһٶ˴һ飬æĽײүҶүûƭ㣡
屻ȱʧȱʧöͨطȫ벻ܹķӡٽأ˵ҾܹһЩͨ
Ҷ治ƵģæģǸһԣͽ׺䡭
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Ӧˣ
ɺϣүɺϣ죬ӣңҲʮ˱ŮԡĽ˫Ųָŭ
꣬Ҷ治Ƶ飬Ľ߰޳ˣүҶүûƭ㣬ݣҿʩչƵĶݷˡ
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ˡĽ߰
Ǻãúÿţ
˵꣬ҶĽ߰һƧĵضķţȫĽ߰ʩչһ顣
ʲôͨԪľͨС׾޳ȵȣֻҪҶģҶȫĽ߰ʩչһ顣
ʱ֮۵ĶͷҶĿƵĿĽ߰󣬡ôûлʲô
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滰ǣʩչЩţ󲿷ֶ̫ˣҶⷽļ䣡˵
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ҶүĺУľͨǸʱͷģҲ֪ûǷ⣬ͷҲ֪ԪĵĴս˵
ޣ޳أΣʧ֮࣬Ҷʵ޳ΪҶ֪⹦Σ
Ľ߰ҡҡͷƺصļ䣬ζ벻㻹ʩչĲλ
Ļ˧ԣ޳ϹŹޱȣֿ޽׵ĹǰҲԭ
һҶ潫ۻͷ̰ȫ
ݣΪ̫µԭ򣬷žȻҶ̰ҶõƵͨط
ʱһͨʧֻ֮عƽġ
ڵ麣⻪ҫ鸮عƽһ˲䣬ҶһֻȻ֮Уޱȵɡ
ܵҶꡢ仯Ԫ鰢ҶĿͻرЩȣͺٺһЦһ޳ܵĴ̬ȵС
ҶԸҲ֪µ̬պ󵽵׸˶ٺô
󣬼סˣԺǿʩչʲôͨطֻǱʩչʲôͨطҪǼʲôһҪǵøҡҶ涣
Ԫ͵ͷһһкôû
ôȻаһ֮ڼǲһǾ͹ػһ죡
ԣʱͰ
С밢һϷһ㣬ֺСһİ红ӣС溢ǣֶȴǹĲһ㡣
ҶҲ⣬ĿԶĲݳǣ˼
˵ҶʱѾӳ죬һĹ򣬲ݳͻʮˣҶƣٹ죬ݳǽؿ
ʱҶֻҪݣͿԴ뿪
ֻߣһϹŲĽų̣ҲǸϵüҶڽ֮ǰתء
ʱҶȴһ⡣
ⲥڴܵ۹ڣشƫµݣڴڣɽƧһֵطҲǰķء
ǣȴɺϵ˰Ѳǰи
㣬ƫƫһλΪ侪˵׵ʦУңλʦλʦС
ʦԼݣλ磬Ϊʲôľ۽
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ֱҶ棬ⲻԾ⵱п϶⣡
ͼıʲô
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ڣݰҶģԸһˡ
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˾ҶЦһץֵС˾һһ㣬Ϣɢڿ֮С
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ݣʮʱ𲽣Ԫ鰢ԣ޳ɵģǿˡ
ǣȴһԵĽ֪о͸Ҷ棬ҪǣΪԪ鰢Ҷ֮ϵԪֱӽʩչݵһصķʽҶ档
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״٤һʦ˼Ǳ˼մʦĻǡҪǰ첻ˣͽ벥ֱ֮أȥƷְ
Ҫǰ첻ãߣܶʺĵط
¹ףɫһһҧӦ첽뿪
һ뿪٤ɫͱˣʦǲ̫
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һǱҲûʮȡǼİգΤ˵
˵ͷףǲҪ׼ǽе̫Ķ̫ǡ
˵ҪֶΣϧһдۣ£ҿƾһǰ첻ãĴϱװЭźãΤ޽
ЩԥΤȴֿڵ٤ҪףһõǸΪʦĵλǣΪʦҲʲô⡣
ʱҲˮǴߣƾϵܹõսλ㻹ԥʲô
ôˣ񶸵رüޱȣ


1268 Ѫɱ
ݳǵĳǷڿҹ֮ڵٴοͬʱݳڵĳǽҲ
ڳ߻ϲصǣҶȴǱڲڣŰʦΤ޵ж
Ҷ԰ʦΤ޽̸õıǳĸȤ
ôʦΤ޶ޱȿصıһˣҶӵĿһĶݷ£Ҷģʱ˵Ժһ֡
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˿ֲһҶ֪Τ޵Ŀ꣬ʲô
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ϳǷرմ򿪳ŵʱ򣬴ǰ뿪ľѾ½ת
ʱ֣ͷ󺹵Ĳٴ˴ʦΤޣһ֮Τ밲
ʱ򣬲ûдȫĴֻʿ֮һľ䣬аͨǧʥ
һ˺ƺƵĿݳǣǲһӣоͷɳʮһ·Ƶļͷ׷ۡ
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һŭҷʥͬʱŭһÿ˵ָ䶼ɳ⣬һޱȵ׹޶ܣסǵ׹⣬Ϊ۵ػĻ޸ȡ˱ʱ䣬Źһ
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һĻҶ溧Ȼޱȡ
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ÿһʿվ󷨽ڵ㣬ȥɲǣǵϢΪһ壬ۿԿ˷ӦĴڡ
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ʲôʲôţǰƺĳùƺǿ󣡲ԣǰ󷨱Ҽǻõ󷨣ҪʮҶͷԪ鰢һԸԴһʹĻš
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Ԫ鰢˵꣬ҶĿյһһ޷ݵŭֱҶţǰһĻҶĿѣ
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УЩҽе·ʲôǣһ㣬׹ںڵĺ
ڵصŵҶ濴һĻһŭɱӽŵװֱš
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ǧʥÿ˻ӵһΣǧͷأǧڲҽС
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СҶѹƲסĲҶʱޱȵȥɱ䡣
ҶжֻҶʵڿȥ㣳ɱ
ҶүõķһķŭɣԪ鰢һֵ٩Ҷ˵Ҹұ֤ʱҪȥԻᱻЩһʣ
ûԣ
죡
СҶͬʱһСһӳ˰ϡ
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Ҷ췢ģгһգһȡ˰٤ʦΤ޵ͷοԩꡭ
ҶִѪķһġ
Եɱ˰ӣɱƽյʮ
ʱҶ֪ΤΪʲô˵첻ˣΪʲôҪµľЭˡ
°ʮƽգɲܹġ
һˣҲҶıɱ
һػڰգ°ӾڰΪŰԸ
ʮƽյѪʬ塢ǰŹֺɫɫһֹޱȵĳɫ
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ŴʦΤ޴һƣϿյʦɿɢ˺Ϸʦͬʱ֣һ紵˺档
ʱŨޱȵʶ鶯ѪζɿƮ˺ںɽϡ
ҶԿɽһ޴ޱȵĶߣ
ŨޱȵѪζǶ߻ʮϢһޱȵ
У׹Ƕɢһֻţͷֻһȡ׹Ĺˮɽ
ô⣡ľ


1269 СлԪ
ⲻֻڴ˵С̫źһڵ̫ţɣŴɽбţͷȡ׹ƵĹޣҶӵɵԲ
ӣһǰܹôүǱĻӣԪ鰢رС
û˵û̫ţүҼе̫ţȴһ
̫ţһǣܽԲǧڵһɽ̿룡ʹĴԸԴƺʹĻ䡣
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ҪȻһǣĶǻףַȫһﰡԪ鰢
սоųҶĿͶؿţ߳Ǹɽ
ʦΤ밲٤̸ƼǴеĿģûгɳţ
ţһԴʦΤ޶ԣֻǸġ
ôʦΤ޸޷ĴҪѰҵıʲô
ģ
һɲǣҶһݷϢĶ˵صףţǸߡ
ţ̫ޣǼ֮ͨ˵ǵıȴǳסĵط޲Ƕ츣أû֮ء
ʦΤҪѰҵıӦþţĶ֮С
Τ޲µ󣬽ĵŪĻҲѣţıԴ֮÷Բǧ֮ڵĳĺǳ١
ҲݣҪǻݷڵص׶а¶Ѷȡ
ˣҶ˺ôĹһȦŴӵص׶еţĶǰ
Ҷ붴ǰġǧİٵѪɫʼʱţһޱʹĳ__УϵƷ֣УǧѪԴıԴơ
ǧѪԴıԴɢִĿޱȵѪ⣬ţɫͻȻһҶδɫ⻪תͣ׹⡣
һɢޱȿֲϢĴʹ⻪׹⡣
״Ԫ鰢󷨵ĴʦΤͬʱ
үģ̫ʱܹԵÿ⣬¾ȻֱӾѱԴͻƣ
СлԪװٸһ㣬ܹ̳ĿұˣСлԪףҲǹǺ㣬ǸͷŪóŲ˶ãԪ鰢󾪺
ͬһɲǣʦΤ޿СлԪһŤһָǧѪɫͷ׷׺϶Ϊһ
ǧٵѪɫ
СлԪ׵ĺ֮£϶ΪһǧѪɫҲĺ¡죬һЩѪɫѪڶѵıԵ
޴֮£󷨵ʦͬʱ𣬿Ѫ硣
ڴʦΤ޵ָ£󷨵ʦѪֱӱ˱ԴѪڴڵıԴѪ絽󷨽ڵ֮ϣЩѵָ
ʦΤָⷨ仯ǧٵѪɫĿ£һһĵš
ɿıһǧٵ˰ٵİٵ
İٵɲǣѪɫڴ֮еĸͻݺݵİʦСɿĳİʦľѪꡣ
İʦ׼һ㣬ȡĲѪһеĿ
İʦڰޱȵ£ʣİٵ״ϸѪɫܹסţСлԪ׵ĺ
ѪɫϵţԽԽ
ʦΤĿ˷ܵĳһţĶڣ͵һֵ׼
һֱԭصǧʥһɿޱȵжһ£һһɢſֲϢȡ˳ʼɿİװʸ
˵ţᱻɵ𣿡
һսҶСĶţĶ
սƣҶʱ䲻ˡ
̫ʱѹǻδ̵ֻɫոյǴαǿ̣̫ʱĳţ챻ɱˣοָն̵Ļӡ
ȱǸն̵ĻӣҪɵҲף
Ԫ鰢߶УҶ˳Ķеǧ׵ţߡ
ɲǣҶԪ鰢۾ͬʱ˸Բ


1270 
ҶĿ⣬ĶţһɢĹƷʯ
ʯʯҪӵĺֵӾˣ
ͨ£һͨƷʯһöƷ鵤ļ۸ࡣ
Ʒʯһ֣ᱻͷı
ܲŵʯȫƷʯĿҲ飬ңҶӦ֮Ум黹ǻѾļƷʯ
ǣЩģȴţ˯ʱˮĵط
ƷʯţµҺϢ֮£ͷ·һööͨ͸ޱȵһ㡣
۶Կ˸г»µţԴϢЩţıԴϢ֮У̺źĵֻ֮ҪԼۣܹ۳ϵƣ
⣬Ϊ飬ǼΪϣһ˵ͨߣĴڣôԴ
ΪϼĵرԼƣٹעһֻϵ޵꣬Ϳʳ¯һ鱦
鱦
Ҷͷ׹飬һ鱦
ԵģҶ׹ȻѾɺ鱦Ʒʣǰö֮еεöҪ
֮ҶѾõƺ鱦Ҫʰ
Ҷ۾ͨĽţڵƷʯһɨ⣬öƳɺ鱦Ҳȫߡ
ʱҶֻһ뷨ˣ
һΣʱķˣ
ЩⱻҶϯ֮ţڣʣһԼסĽڵϺɫ١
էһڲģϸĻͻᷢ˿һ׹⣬Ļޱȵ·
ҷ·һŴϢ³ĺϢƯڵأ΢Сᾧ
ʱҶ׷ƷʯǴġ
³ģңģﲻ֣Щʯ˵ȫΪƷʯ
ʶģҶ̽˹ȥ
ʱҶͿһƬޱȹ֮ͣкȻը첻ϡ
УƱ÷飬ᡣ
ƺֵڼƵͬʱҶ̽һ
䣡
Ҷ̽ʱ飬һ˿֮˳ҶֱҶ鸮֮С
Ҷ鸮֮еϵĺ鱦׹鼰ʱɳ˴󲿷ֺҶ鸮һ֮£¾Ҫֱӷ顣
ˣҶлѪ¡
ʲô⣿ĨһǵѪҶʶĿſͷӽһʼǶԹ۾ĶٵԪ鰢
⡭ܹ˿۵Ļɱɿ۸˵ӵĺñϧ̫׳ˡһ૵˵
ٷϻֱ˵⵽ʲô⣿Ҷ治һϰС߶ϸϸٱ޾ʹҶͷ̽צĸ˰
鱦֮õ鱦˵ţȴйƤһ
ϧûзȫ鱦˵Ǹոճûõ鱦Ǹţһǻû̵⡣
Ҳ鱦Ҫ鱦ĻҶүֱӾͻһˣңֵʺĵطݼŵĵȴȴһ˵Ľ٣Ԫ鰢˵
ҶסˣԺͷǱͷ̤һ㣬Ժʱ͸й鱦ļء
ޱȣǴ߲ͨշ
Ҽǵã̫֮ʱһΪ֮޵鱦ͺ֮࣬оŽڣǰ٣ֻĽڣ
鱦֮Ҷ濴һƪżмأһ޿ԽЩС鱦
оŽڣ˵һһڣʮڶڣڣǧĽڣڡһ귽Ϊ鱦֮ޡ
˵˵ûзȫˣ
ǧĽڣ밢ǰƶϵţࡣ
ȫĳɳʱ䣬ǰֻɳʮ֮һ͸ճûӤûʲô
ôãҶĿ⿴˰
Ԫ鰢һȻףǼʶȴǸǵģ
ҶȻй鱦ļأҲͼ仰ѣûʲô顣
Ҷѡ򰢳ѯ
ѡ񣡡˵
˵
һѡɵߵȺӣ˳ɵţȻ⻹ûгɳӡٴﳹ׵ķٵϸǧŰپʮܹ꣬һ鱦
˵ĺ֣أû˵꣬ͱҶԴϺһȭ
һ꣬ʲôЦأ
ҶӳڣҲǶʮˣһֱ꣬ңԶҶܻܲôʱ䶼˵
Ҷܻôʱ䣬һ˷ǾһȷѪꡣ
ԲҶܹסģ
밤˵ģ
޹ķ˸ۣвһطĳɳʱһٱ
Ҳһܻ꣬ܲǸʱ˵׼˵ڶѡ񣡡Ҷû
ϣһһ꣬Ҷûʲôģ̫ˣ
ڶѡ򵥣ʹ˶ɱĺ鱦׹ֻܹƷƷʵĺ鱦ΪƷ鱦
ɱ˵δΪ鱦Ŀԣ˵
Ҷ۾ʱˣ鱦Ŀԣж󣿡
ʮ֮һ
飡
Ȱ˵꣬ҶͽԪһȭɣȻ١
Ϣ֮ҶĿ֮£鱦׹ʹҶ鸮֮зɳٵɲǣ׹ͷһֵļУֱҶڡ
Ҷİ֮£׹ֻ壬иճӤûʲô
궼ûвֻһ򵥵ʶ
ʱ׹䣬׹ĵıԴһ˲⻪ǡ
Ϣ֮׹̽һ⻪İסٵң׹ĵıԴϸֳ¹⻪ʼٵıԴ
ƺʶ֮һʶһܵľ۽
Ҳһɲǣһֱڲ仯Ԫ鰢Ҷһλá
ʱҶ˫Ŀŭɫ׼ȷޱȵĺԪ鰢ָλô
ǵ򵥵ʶһ˲ɢԭ鶯ޱȵʱȫֻʣ
һɲǣҶĺ鱦׹鷢һҫ䣬ɿޱȵ٣


1271 ʬ
׹ɿ٣ɵĹУ׹Ʒûκεı仯Ǻ鱦Ʒεĺ鱦
ɢϢҶĸоȴֲ
ҶԸӦ׹ĺһֲޱȵϢǺ鱦׹ıԴڷٵ׳š
ڵƻһɿĳ׹ڣһֱ׹ıԴ׳ıԴơ
һ֣ȴɿĹ̻׹ڲһĹ׹ڲĵͷһ
ӵһǧƵļӳ֣׹ôҲܹһ
ɵ٣ʮ֮һûС
⣬ƿţŭć_˷ҶĽѡ
ʦΤνѾ֣Ҷʱ֪̫ţ³Ρ
ȻҶ汾ĵ뷨ǣǲôʦΤ˳ĸɵţҪпܣҶôҲøЩ鷳
ǰģ鱦׹Ҫ׵Ҫʱ䡣
鱦鱦֮Ĳ޷ݣ·ճӤһ鱦ҲҪĺ鱦ǿ
׹ٶȿ֪
˼һ£Ҷһߣ׹ڶƬϼֱӰסٺ󷵻Ҷ鸮Ȼĵ١
Ϣ֮һȦҶ뿪ţߣ¶ݵ˺Χ
ӲĹ򣬱Ѫɫסţϰٸ޴˿ڣм޴Ĺᴩ˿ڣȥޱȡ
ʦΤһĿȵĴֵµǧʥɿĸټ
ǧʥݵ󣬴СҶڳĴ½̴ϼ࣬ҡ
ǣǰʥݵȴ̴ϵ·ʮϡ
ܼĻƣϱĹ⻪ǰټҶ̴ϼ߼
רʸÿһ϶ƣʸȥɲǣͬʱ˸Ĺ⣬޾
Ҷоǰټ֮еκһߣһɱͨߵܡ
ֲǣţȴ֮³ôá
ΪװʱټڴʦΤ޵ָ£ֳţѹţ
ÿһܸţɾ޴ĴˣѪ罦֮࣬ţ҇_ѡ
ǣţǿɲǸǵģ󲿷󶼱СлԪ׺Ƭ
еƷ·ˮһÿһɲǶ׹ţć_УţڣţЩֲ˿ڷɿĻָš
ǣţʼȫľͻһֲޱȵʸѹİٵѪɫʼ
һޱȵѪɫ䶯ɿţڣÿһ֣ţ֮ƿؾһ֣޸ƵҲӦһ֡
ʴÿһʴ̫࣬ǻӰͷǳľˡ
Ҹұ֤ţٳһӣٳһӾҪ군ˡԪ鰢
Ҷ۾ȴǵתţ˵ûнǰͷţշĿܣ
УȻУ
˵Ҷ۾һ
̫ޣޱȣҪշǣֻһñֱǣҡ򵥵㣬ȭͷ󣡡Ԫ鰢˵
Ҷ˳ָԪһǱ˵ûõģ˵һ
ڶʵһ࣬ҸȭͷļһｫȻ
û˵꣬Ԫ鰢ͱҶˡ
ϢԽԽţҶһĿϧ
ţ亱ְ̫Ŀɱˡ
ҶɵԪ鰢ƵҶļ򣬡ҿ޳ܵģǲռˣռǸ쵰ͷıˣ⼴ɱţŪô
ϻҶû˵
ǻ򵥣㹻ɱţһɲǣţʬ壬Ȼڣܹһ̫۵ľ飡
̫۵ľ飬Ҷ֪̫ţʬ徫۵ľ飬ܹӳţĶܣĽ߰
Ҷüͷһţ飿ֻ֪նɱ޵ʬھ֮󣬲۳Ӧľ𣿡
Ҳ˵ˣǾ֪ҪʱǱүûѡ
һɲǣĽ߰ҽһС˳ȥúø׽
ԪһƼΣǰҪδѣֻƾ£֮һоͲˣǲնɱޣֻҪŴµʬ壬Ҷܹǿгȡڵһо۳Ӧľ顣
Ҷһ£漴ϲô˵κ޵ʬ㶼۾飬ǡ
ˣֻ޻Щӵ̫Ѫڲ̺ŴѪĵƱԴ֮Ҳ۳ǵľ飬ӵǵһĻĻҶ롣
ҶԴ͸ٵת
󷽲˵ķŸ߶ȵĿԵġ
ҶݣȷʵԶʦΤ޲µ󷨷Χڣǻɱţ֮ʣţʬ塣
ǣ֮ҶμҪ¶ôһɲǡ
һɲǵʱ䣬ǴʦΤ޳֣󷨱ɸɵҶٴΡ
ôҶǰͺܼˡ
һǴʦΤޣϵ󷨱
Ҷоֱת˼һһеķ
ϿգţϢԽԽ΢Ѿ챻Ѫɫ⻪ȫ֣׹ָٶҲԽԽ
ǺСлԪ׵ҲԽԽ١
ԭټĺǺоͲˣڣһ׼ȷţ
һĻĴʦΤ밲٤ڴѣϣܾ͹ɵţȻõǶ֮еı
䣬һΣܺɱ⣡ʦΤ޷ĴЦ
ʱԭַټ󹥻Ƶ΢΢һͣ
ʮϢ֮ټͬʱ˴ĿޱȵĹ⻪ƺ֪ԼڽţҲһɲǷޱȵİ_
ٵţ׵ûʦΤ밲٤һۣͬʱЦ
󹦸ɣ
Ҳһɲǣ䶸
һɫĹشӴʦΤ޵ֱĺΤͶظ˹һľ֡
ΤӦͱֱĺΤ޵ĺףʱΤ֮Ѫ磬һһͷʹŵ¡
Τ޵ʧһɲǣͷŭ˭͵Ϯӹ
Ը
ͳ׵ĺУףɢޱħħ˧ʹ̤УƷħѪӰͱһǧ׵Ѫɫâ·һѪɫһ㣬׼ȷޱȵΤﭹϣ


1272 Ѫɫ̻
һ澫СɵĺɫܣѪӰϴʦΤ޵֮ǰϷ
䣡
Ľ
ɫֱӱѪӰİһֱΤ޵ϣʱΤѪ
һ͵Ϯֵħ˧ȴǴǰһһһΤ޵źϰٵ
ʦΤޣһλĿֲڣҶ͵Ϯⶨ𵴡
ֱҶװһƷħħ˧ѹʽ
㱻һٶ൶ʦΤ޶ûлع
ҶԾѡ
Ҫ֪ҶϹħ֮ҶѾ쭵أһ㣬۷ˡ
ɫ⣡
һˮĥĹںĴ½ٶȼ죬󲿷ߵһ㡣
Ҷ汩֮ȴֻΤһ¡
ħ˧뿪Ϲħǰһ죬ҶһֱսѪħ˧ѾΪɹƽͨ񾳾۷塣
Ϊߴͨ񾳾۷ħ˧һƷװһٶ൶˵նɱشûУֻΤܵһˡ
Ҷ𾪿֪ʦΤޣȷʵ¡
ҶĿģششʦΤޣǿ̫Сˡ
ҶĿģ߸ոձɱţʬ塣
ħ˧һٶ൶ʱ䣬ҲǼϢĹ
ϢĹȴ㹻Ҷ潫ţʬʮˡ
ֻһ˸ţʪޱѪʬ壬ͱҶս˴ָ
һĻոջһĴʦΤ޶ˡ
쵰һħ꣬ҲժӣŭһʦΤţʹк£Ҷħ˧
Τ׵ʦ֮һһȫϵ֮ͨϣţܹݿ̫ޣӲսֻܽ󷨡е
ţôʦΤ޾˿ɵʱ۽лδɢȥĺƣõİ֡
ΤѪǣֲ͵Ϯħȥɲǣħ⻪һȻƾʧ
ʹƾʧ
ڸҶƲԣֱӽħ˧ջԸڡ
ħ˧ɾѪɣҶǰѪħɾѪ۵ħ˧ĵֿǿǣħ˧˺Ǻܴġ
Ҷԥջħ˧ջصɲǣҶͷٵĶصס
ǰյĺʧ͵ϮߣʧķѾ˾ţ֮նɱţʬ壬ʦΤ޶طһŭأ
ʱűٵֱӺѪɫٴδӺΧѪɫ֮̽
һΣ̽ĿȴʮѪɫ
ʮѪɫٵޱȵ߿ա桢˷Բء
󷨵ʦͬʱҺһʯעȥͬʱʼɿĳȡڵһԱ֧Ӵɷ
ǵۿɼٶȥ˲ϢͱһƤõģ
ۿʮѪɫҪһأźΧµĹϣʮҪ󷨽ڵϱ˴Ŀޱȵķ⡣
ÿһ󷨽ڵϣǧŵһħը
ɥĲǣҶº䲻Щ󷨽ڵ㣬еڵϵһħȻߴһš
ЩħҶ￤ŪģˣÿһǶ൱ڿ۷ߵȫһ
ǵǧšħӵһʱͿֲ޷ˡ
ǧħ󷨽ڵ㻹ԣֻǿǿ󷨽ڵֱӱѣħĵطȴһŰ״СĢơ
Բ׷Χڵ·ȫ飬ֱӱһ״СӣǸΧڵһʦҲֱӻ˷ɻҡ
ңңĿЩħСһĻЩС࣬һͷʧ
С뿪ˣǴʦΤ޵جβŸոտʼ
һ֣Ҫ󷨽ڵ㱻״ݻ٣ʱʧ̽ˡ
ոյޱȵ߻ʮѪɫͬʱء
ɲǼ䣬ոձƤһλʦһһٵ
͵µʱصһͱѪ
޷ݵѪʮҽеԩǵѪֱײ˴˲Ϣ󱬳̫һѪɫ⻪
ʦΤһ濴ſɵ۵İ٤ӣɣҪˣˣ
һߺ𣬴ʦΤһ߻һ⣬ֱ˰٤
٤ԲҲԲ⵱ڡ
׵ЩѪҪȫ׷ˡ
һɲǣǿֲѪɫ⻪͸Ҳ˰٤һˡ
ʦΤ޷ŭ֮ҹԳХһ㡣
Ѫɫ⻪˼Žɢ
٤·ɵһĿǰѾ췭ظһС
Ϣ֮ǰţɱһõķչϢ֮һоͱ޷
·ĺѾ׵ƽˣʦΤ޴ʦҷһͬҷģдʦΤֱǧʥԼ٤˺ôľռټ
үްūҲĿ
һ̫٤ʵͷɲǣ٤ͿһֻʣԴӵ̫Ĵϻ£ı˫һ˿Цݡ
٤ʱͼ˷Ŵ󱬿һĻ
ʮλ̫࣬Ϊߴͨкҵʮλ̫࣬ڷһɲǣһţм䣬ס󷨵ķɣ
ĨһϵѪ⣬٤ͻЪ˹ŭ˭Ҫʮ壡
һŭ𣬰ƲסĲﴫȣӵŭ
ڷŭʮ˸̫Щ˵ʮ˸̫໹Ǽˣκһġ
ŭǣڷţȻֻһ
СѪһˣܹŭ
µİ٤ʦΤĨһѶͷ亹һ
һɲǣΤ޿·ѾʧʦǧʥĿھʹ֮࣬һһѪʹӿп
ʦǧʥΤ޵ֱ°ΤЩƴܳļҵס
ڣȴһѪɫֱ̻֮ʧˡ
еΤӰ£ʼžžĿըɴ˿֪Τ޴ʱŭ˺̶ֳȡ
һɲǣԼĿΤ޾;һ·عһ𼱻ǳţɽ
ֻҪõߵǼôһʧֵõģ
պʮٱһ


1273 ţ
ۣ
ŸɾıȹĻҪɾţߣ˼Ϣ֮󣬴ʦΤ޿һڳ߳Ѫ͵
İ٤ſյţߣҲɵۣЩŵ۾
ⲻܰǸ̽ǰһĻӰӦʯƺ鱦飬һ졭
˵ţǱҧһڣʹ޷
Ǵʦ٤˽Ĵ֮󣬾Ȼժ˹ӣʲôûõġ
֮ţ˴ʦΤǷ߽߱ŭҪñ򣬱һҪ
ʱΤɵҲķѪļƻ׵Ϊ˼£ժ˹ӡ
Τ޼µķŭ£ţɽ֮б
ʧȥţ֧ţɽʱͱôޱȣֱӱΤ޷ŭƬ̳졣
Ϣ֮󣬶ߵķ֮Уͻش˴ʦΤһ

ţ߱ʱҶոţѨĵصףҵһĴʯռ䡣
ҶٶȽţʬӴָȡ˳ȥȻ󣬵ƸţʬͷͺݺݵĵһԪ鰢ɻˣ
Ľ߰һİۣû˵꣬Сٱ޵в£Ҷֻؿڵ΢΢һһɰʹڴ
ţʬڲдľǵѪɫʴ߰˰˵Ĳл꣬ɿӿڡ
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ʲô˼Ҷ治⡣
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1274 ѡ
ݳڣۡԱߵһۡڣڴżλòŮź
Ҫǻƽ⼸λòŮɵĶжףǽ죬λòŮþֶΣҲ޷˿µ۷
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ΣҲħ年Ľ
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еѡ𣿡һĲȻ


1275 
ݳڵŲϵһϹŲΧŲ·̶ʮңϲݳڵϹŲһмĹؼڵϡ
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Ҷ棬ҲȺ֮УϢ뿪˲ݡ
ͬһɲǣڲƾʧȼΪ۷ɵӡһ˿л꣬ػʳ֮ڣ


1276 Ǭ
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ҶٺһЦسڵţ飬ޱµƿĸоظҶͷ
ҲҶôĿֻǶǹӸŵè΢΢һ

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ûκ׵ģһƾըžĺֻɰޱȵİèϡ
ëζζͬʱƮɢ
ǰλӸܻĺ߳Уһ־Ҷ棬Ҷ·ûһӺԽ
ͬһʱ䣬ֹڸ˿ǦһϮȹĳֹˮпһĻЦǵ۶г


1277 ͻƺСè
ݳǣʦΤ밲٤Žٺ飬ķ˲ݡ
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һ£ʦΤ޾͵ʮŭʲôʲôʦΤڴˣ˭Σ
Τ޵ʮĺȴûи٤˿İȫУҪλӵĽ죬ð٤һּȲõԤС
ػʳǽͳ컸壬ǵʥĸȻֻƹ˽֮еһС֣ܹѲʳǣһһȨ
ҲΪԭ򣬻ϣ棬ʹŴʥӵʥ⡣
Ķһ۴ʦΤޣˢĶһʥּܼ򵥣ǽвɰ٤к޹һطּ׽ð٤졣
ʱ;ˣ

ޱȵĹŹ֣Ҳޱȵľ㵡
ٰʮѹʲôһϴС飬Ҳͱޱȵ鷳
ڴʥӵʥּǰ٤Ű裬ҲùԹԱƻĽʿ䵱ܡ
󵨣٤׵ʹܡ
ȴʦΤ˵꣬ˢˢľһ鱬ħ׼˴ʦΤޣõĻ޴ħʸ
Ǳʮ֧ħʸţΤ޾ǿߣҲֲ˺ȥ
Τʦ£Ҵܵ£ǰǴʥӵʥּһ£˭Ҳ񣿡
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Τ޺ǵıͣȻ⣬׺Ĵ½ҲųȻĵλǶԿܵ۹ʵ
ǴʦΤ޲ûǸ
ΤڵĵλǱһ췴ñӣһʵҲǼΪ鷳ģ
ߣ
٤̵˵ȣȫߣһ
ңʦһҪңѺȥļ٤ߺĿ־塣
Ҳ벻龹Ȼݱģ
״ʦΤ޵˵ͷĿŰ٤ѺߣΤ޵Ѿޱȵѿ
˭˭ڱƱҪñҳʶԾĴʦ٤ŭ쳤Х

𣡡
Ҷ浽ֻаƴССèһ˵ĻХֱӳֹԾҶ档
һģҶСè˵ԼС
Сè˽ɲǣҶɫһ䣬һɷ·ɽһĴϮֱײҶײ˹غ«
ҶؿڵعǶ˼ȴ̶ǹͷ˷
ҶĿⶸرЩͣںǿ£ǿǱƷҪǿϼ֡
СèһˣЩ޷Сèˡ
Ȼû׼ԭ򣬵Сèһ˵޷ʵ֮ǰ
Сèͻˣͻˣһ£Ҷ澪ϲĺ
һɲǣͬЩСè͵ͷޱȵ˽ҶĻصҶ
δСèҶ棬Щʪ;ûõҶᣬǷ۵ͷͣҶˢˢȥ
ҶҲǻЦСèء
˵ʵδҲ
һĻ泯һϮȹĳֹͻĪĺһ¡
ڷţֹСèȹϡϣֹʱСèҶᣬͷĳЩ뷨ĳֹɵЩȡ
СèԳҿı仯ţΪͻˣûоʲô츳ͨҶ滶Цֵ
Сè͵͵ĻХһԳ˱壬ϢҲ׵ɢ
֮ǰСèǰ׳ͣӵСˣֻʮ׵ĴСϢȴ·ֱ֮ǰǿࡣ
֮⣬Сèûʲô仯ǶƯĻۣƺǰӵƯˡ
ڡԣڡͻȻ䣬ҶһֺȻĿ⿴Сè
ڷţСèվǰҶоСèϢڷɿš
ԭСèɢϢ۷壬ôϢʱ䣬СèϢѾڡ
СèΪƺʱ̵š
ҶףСè֮ǰٻڵҩΪѪʼˡ
ҶԾģȴСèѪ
ǰΪӡĹϵСèѪҶһĿȻ
񣬾֮ϵСèѪҲģޱȣƺһҶδѪ
Կ϶ǣСè֮ǰѪҪǿʮǼʮ
ͨأͻ֮ûлʲô츳ͨҶ׷ܵ
СèȴЩɬҡҡͷĿ⿴˳ֹ
Сè
ֹһʱСèЩΪѣҶ棬ٿֹ֪ô죬ĿʾζóֹͲһ
ߣûĵļһΪôģ㻹
Ҷ治ɫգգ۾Сèͻһ˳ֹĻ
ϢһϢĸֹЩƤ
һϢɣҶ
ϢСèѪЩԶţ֮ǰѪ˽ٱպҪεѶȣҲӦ˽ٱֹ˵
£ҲǻϢԸĻϢһ㣡ҶȤ
ֹһ֣ô˵Ҫ˵˺ϢҪֻôڱ˵Ϣ֮ǰݱΣ
ԣҶǲˬķһۣ£˵ɣӶøСèദʱ䣿
࣬꣬Сһ벻ͲˣֹЦ
ֻҪûʲôͷһСèҪǲˣ빫¼£Ҷ˵
㡭ֹһŭ
ٰٰ֮꣬ڣ㲻Сè
ΪСèѪͻ֮Ҫ츳ͨҪ봫Ѫİ׻޶ദ˵ţֹϸֳһ˿⡣
ȻҪٻСèСèǾ͹ֲñˡ
ҶЩӣⳤֹ߰ҲֻӦˡ
Сèֹһֻкôûл
һϢôһϢأҶʵ
һϢǣոĸͬ⣬ΪǧˡҶ棬ǱһУξֹ˵
ţ𣬼ΣбԱȫһԶֻһҪ󣡡ֹ˵
빫·ԸҶɫ
֮ǰֵһһ㣬ĽЩɶĲӬߣñ徲徲һ仰ͱ˳ֹʵĿġ
ĩ


1278 ż
ͬһ£ͬȫһ
ֹλͳֵ£Ҷԣͳ׵û취ˡ
˭ӶĨֻͳͳŽȥ
Ķͳڵ۶ģ˭á
ܾһǾڸԼ鷳ԾͶˣŪĳֹʤ
ҶƳֹУξһְ죬ʹЩ幫ӸȦӡ
Ҷ滹ûʲôʵԵĶԸǰֹߣ˽һ룬øſڵѹ
ڶ죬ҶֻڳֹſվһᣬȻֱӽΪֹӪܾ֮͵ľ˾ҶֱһֵſΪ֮һ塣
˵ЩӸ磬ЩӸ̽Ϣū͡ߵһɶ
Ҫ֮ǰｭٮֵ̫ˣʵЩϣЩӸˡ
ԸľλˣԼҵϮľλһ
ｭٮѾӵܵķ̲ˣһеףҶ档
ųֹԱ䡢ҶУξĴŴȲЩӵܷӦΡ
֮ڣ֪Լ׷ֹǣһʱ䷢ؾ棬òҪҶ档
ֹԱ䣬Ѱζ
Ѱһܳˣֹһǧ
񣬳ֹĿٴηǧˣѾһ͵սλˡ
ڣ˼λм̳дλʸĻ⣬ӵгɽƵսλˣֹͷһݡ
̺ЩϺ꾯
ҶûжǿｭٮļһУξĳ̶ֳϾʹ˳ֹ̬ȡ
ǳֹ̬ȲԸЩ˵һĹӸ簡
ʱ˭ҪǸһͷײȥǾԸҪֲ˭
ԣҶһ죬ͽֹˡ
ǣҶ鷳Ÿոյ
Уξͳ˧һӪǧˣǴͼսλ
ΪһսλȸСȫ
оı˾ݹ١ӡӡӵȵȣȫС
Աð죬Ҷʾع֮ȫɹĽͳſѡ׵߲䡣
ǿճʮְλͱȽ鷳ˡ
£ҶµıԱϤһʱ֮󣬾Ϳȫ
ǵ۶أǽ֮еоְ
ְܹ֮󣬿һְţ߾ְ߾һְá
ҶУξΪһǶͳ˧һʦŵ˴ͳ졣
һսľ˱߾ͳ졣
ϣӵܶƽĵطĲˣϵͳܹõһ㹻õľְ
ȵħսʱҲܻһ֧ӵ٣£ȫҸ׽ѫ
ԣҶγֹУξķȥ֮ҶӪţͿ챻̤ˡ
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ŪҶ淳ʤҶᵽ˳ֹĿա
Ϊ˱鷳ЩˣҶһɲҶȱԱ֮һ
ȻҶΪһͷӣĿǰԣ֧Ҷ滹ġ
ãҲнֹ
ҪŪһӵܣһؼʱ̣Ҷľܹ᳹֡
ҶѾˣҪλãȫҶεģһЩ˴ŵλãоıλãӳȥ
عԣֻҪʱ䣬ͳſܹԱ롣
ʱ䣬Ҷ潫һ񶼽˹ڰ죬ԼӪר
䣬ȴӵ߳ˡ
˸磬ǸãǸҲУξĲڣĲڰǹЦ
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Ӫ⣬һüĿż񡢵ȹӿһˬĿŹ졣
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˵Ͼţ⵨ǼˣϹľ˾ż죬ӾͳˣԼҵĵֵܵæˣ
ȹЩӣҪ˹ʺŪУξǲǿ׶ҪˣʱǲżҶˣŴһָŹĶͷŭһǰµЦĹˡ
죬㲻Ϊ˸ʲô˾Ϊ˸֦ǰүĻ˰ɣŴһ˵
ǡ˸硣⼸ҶĶУʱҶʲô
żСһ֮Уϴϰ˴ǵϵѪһ̣˹ʮŮ֮Уϰ˾Ǵͷġ
Ȼ֮еȽɭϣΪӵܵĹŴǣӵܹ죬ǵλ϶ơ
ԸƺΪϰˡ
ڼУŴȣǵһȣ
һΪû취Ҷܾ͵ľ˾ҪǴͷΥԺô죿
ôԵҶ棿
εЦһĵ˸磬ҶУξûڣһЦһ߸Ŵ괫˸磬ҲӣʵҶУξˡ
ž
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ˣΪԸӲˣ׸ĻˣΪҹżûмҷŭϳĹŴǰȥŹһȭߡ
治鰡ߵĹҽ
ӪڣĿȴûκҪȥ˼
ȥΪ飬Ҫ˼
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֣֡˲Ϣ˫۳ѪѪâһͱѹ
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ôˣŴǽȭߣӴ㻹ҷӽ첻˻
õڱǸҶУξھӪڣ㾹ȻҵĺŪңΪϸ֦ˣһŴǳŸһ߳˷֮
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ӴˣŴһʹƣŹ˹ȥҿôб£Ŵһţ
ҪǸҶһëǾ·ϣֳŴǵĻո͵ͣ
һͣһƾͺݺݵ˹ϡ
˴תȷɵͬʱȴŭޱȵ
˸磬ܹˣܹˣ


1279 
˸磬ܹˣܹˣŴɳȥĹŭУ񶸵رޱȵķ
ŴȴǹЦܹˡĸ֣ƺǰ˵˰ɣܹΣ
ܹˣܰô
ҲҵĻҵӣ첻֪֪ʲô𱰣Ͳԣ
ЦУŴٴԲ˰Ƴȥ
ţŴǳֹӪصأ˾£ҷɱۣĸ֣켸ǺѪģ
Ŵһ£漴ָŹЦɱۣûɣҶԼĵ׸´ɱûɣ
ŵЦţŴǿŻܵĳֹЦĸӵĻˣ㿴Ĺ۵Ŀ˭᣿˭ĺ
ǣ˭ҳҶ֣˭ң
Ҹұ֤Ӿ㣬ǵҲ˸ΪͷŴŴЦţٴγɫޱȵĹ졣
Ǿǡ챻޶ԵĹֽŷ˾þ˾Ȼүˡ
컹˵ʲôŴѾ׷ֻǱޱȵܡ
һССľ˾ҲнֹĴΰɡ
ݣ
ͻȻ䣬һѪɫشһӪ֮зɳڳֹϿը죬˲Ϣ;ĹŴɫһ䡣
쿴̤ӪŵҶ棬ȴһΣģǹҶΡ
һģУξУξľ˾Ҵܲ˵ˣ´˾֮ǻ޶ԣѵΪǰ𣿡
ҶһŭȣЩΧ۵ûͷξǱ޴ˡ
ҶУξǳˣŴһ䣬һЦʹ󲽵Ҷ棬һףҶУξһСС⣬ҶУξЦɣ
˵ţŴǺĵһöָҶУξէֵӦûкõ֣⼸ֵܸ
ݣ
ƿȴҶޱĽŴӹĴָ˻ȥ
ƿյľ磬ֱӾʹҶ̬ȣŴɫΪ֮һ䡣
㡭
Ҷû˵شŴǵģݵƿֵĵڶڿҶķѪɫ֮󣬳˱Ҫ֮⣬һʱٵžӪУй
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Ϊ칫䣬壬ȴ࣬ȫڹС
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λǺλǹͣ£Ҷŭ
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˭ҶǣŴҲ׷ŭ˽һҫ׹¡
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󣡡
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Һڣ˵һԣ
˵һҾͻΪвУξвУξͼıֹΣνһΣնɱѿ״̬ҶЦ
仰ŴǵıͣȴǴҶӡ
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֪Ҷ棬Ƿȱʲôˡ
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ţҶĿ˹졣
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Ҷףȴɱޱȣ²ԱжܵҶתʵ
ҶУξѵſڣΪԭδ븮
Ǿˣ븮̣Ȼ󣬽һٶʮλ̣նʾڣҶȵ
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һٶʮλҵȻڼжܴ
ҵĹԸôôɱԣɱˣǾҪһġ
ڴͬʱһٶʮλ˴Ҷָվ󣬵ȴ̵ĵڶǣ׷ʲô顣
һصĿ޺ֱʱǲʶԡ
˾Ҷԡһίεģǿž˾ĸû£ǲ˾ĺǾڴҶУξˡ
ҶУξ
֪ˣҶУξ

ҶȴǿҲûЩˣת˱ĳƽŴǣųƽյүڣһδӪŹ˾ˣ


1280 Ѳ˾
ûУûгײӪֵֻ֮ľףдֶѣһҶһײӪĴñӣƽŴСŵɷףʱͽײ
ûгײӪ˭֤
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ЩʿûֹĶǵİϷһʱ仹ûзӦûҶ˼
ǱѺڵϵȴеһʿͻغһɤӣУξˣۿƽ˳ײӪҵȵ
ƽŴǾˣѹûе飬ɴ۾ŭݱ
Ѻʿͷҵ棬ʱѪֱȻ˵ˣ֤ݣ¾ڲ֮б˵ģ
žžž
ҶĹƣã˶ԿƽӪйſ
Ҷ治˵仰ãһ˵仰ЩѺڵϴҪһԲϡŹֵƶˡ
һȫǱŴǴ˵ġ
ⳡ棬ùŴͷƤ飬ǻԣѴֻҪѻͿԵõࡣ
ǣҶ汳վǳֹǸʤĵع
Ǽһ¶ҧ֣һһڣʵô飬ֵǰ鷳
һˣ亹ʹӹŴԴ˳£ùŴǺڲѡ
ʵѾСˣǲ˰ѱû뵽ҶȻ˶
㡭ôŴ㻹мǣ֪ҶҪʰͲվϻˡ
Ǻǣү˵ǶԼֵܰҾҲø켸ӰɣҪȻԺôعżң
ԣǱҪǲ̫ģǣµôֵˣӪҲٻһͿؽ޸ܵЩɣһССУξɬҶ˵
ԣŴһͬʱԲ۾ˣ
ȫԸŪĺðɣſֲȫƤˣƺһֻѶܹԸָ
ӪٵһͿ
ƺǰľӪģû
룬Ŵȴ˵ŴѾҶ˼
֡ҪǮ
ڹ죬ҶĿѾȫһˣҶ˾٣ڱڸ·
һʱ䣬ҶǸмܣ
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ҶĻŴ͵شһ飬æĸĿڣʮƷʯһƷ鵤
򷢽лأҶЦ
⡭ŴЩ׽ˣҲ֪Ҷ浽Ҫʲôļˡ
ڳֵܣÿһǧƷʯÿһƷ鵤Ҷֱӿ
ÿһǧ飿һǧˣҪһʮƷʯŴǵһĿԣҲǼһĿ

ĻǾͺһ֣ö࣬ǺүĺλֵǮֻǹżҵϮλֵǮҶЦ
ҶһвŴ͵شһｭٮ³
Ҫʱ䣬Ҫ뿪ܴ֮롭ŴԥӦ
ܺãôǵĴָڵ⣬͵޸ӪķãûʲôɣҶǴֱĽŴǻλżϵӵܵĴָ
״ŴǿҪˣ⡭ⲻܰҵĴָ
ڶʿ棬Ҷ潫Ŵ˴ĽָԼʮƷʯȫ˳ھָڳһǧ
Ȼ࣬Ҳ൱һµľˣЩһ󻶺
һ֮һž޶ǷñѪѺ֮󣬹Ŵһ˴ͷɥǿյĴָ뿪˳ֹ
˸磬ǵĴָɨˣʲôȥҶĴһʮƷʯǱ˳ֹһżϵһĵʵ

ŴͷĸһƣֻҪⳤֹȥˣ㵱ҶǷҪծ
ǰҪǸҪծǵϸһ飬ʲôңһȥɱҲû˵һϵ˵⼸͵ػȻ
Ŵȴһɭ߬ȭͷߣʣȻǵĴָҪ䵽
ҶʵҲΪϵһ㣬Ű˹ŴǵĴָ
ҶҪŴдµǷȴûйŴǼ˵ô򵥡
Ҫô򵥾ͺŪȥǾͲҶ档
ڣһǧ߰ԱѾȫУ
УϣȻĳ֤ŴǳӪ⣬һٶʮһĹڵϣÿվһֳնõĹͷ󵶵ڶ
ֳϢޱȵɭոյһǧ߰ٶԱǱⳡ溧ֽŷ
о
һһٶʮҪо
飬ڱ߾֮ж˵֮ˡ
һٶʮĺƾ˼ɭ
Ҷ沢ûм̣Щоľ֮󣬲û϶ֻ֣ʱʱһڸķ
ҶϣֹźɲյҶߵ˼䡣
ʴȣԸմȾѪȣԣ֮г֮⣬ĶСҶڸѾ֪ˡ
һٶͷҪأԳֹӣǲ̡
񣬹Ҷϣ
ѽһٶʮ֮еĶӳԾЧȣ
ҶһȣǼӳԼУͷأ
ȻһٶʮͷͷС࣬ڳͷ
ֹӪеǱµ𣬱Ҫнֹ˲ùķ©ӪҪù
ˣǶȵǰ֮ٸ˲նҶɷڵĺȵ
ֹڸعķͶӰڳֹǰֹǰˮеļʬ壬ĿЩ̡
عҶУξȷʵǽţд֮磬ֻɱȴЩն
عЦνȲƱûɱԵˣǳɲһϸĽģңūСӵɱԻ˼ɣҪǻūڹµ֮ǰѾͷˣ
ߣ£ûɱԣסµЩĽסЩҪƤӵܣ
ԣֹ˵㣬ͻȻ䣬һӴֱ䣬һ۳ֹЩģףعѲ˾Ҷģ


1281 ѲĽ
Ѳ˾ҵģ
õ֮ͨҶüͷ΢΢һ塣
Ѳ˾ڴܡأ鷳ĴʣǻĴʣޱҪûʲôԸѲ˾鱨򽻵ġ
ϣڣѲ˾޺°
Ҷ棬ҶĹ죬Ҳһ˿ġ
ŴǸո뿪Ѳ˾ˣǹŴǸѲ˾Ҷ鷳ģ
Ҷ滹ûʲôõĵġ
Ϣ֮ҶڹĴͻڼǰѲ˾ˣˣ𻹲ͣѲ˾ѲµѲʹɳ
ϴθʿִɱҶһѲʹɳ
ɳѲʹҶֵӭȥϴαڽͷɱнˣɳѲ֪
⻰ѲʹɳɫһڣСΪѲ˾Ǹʲôģ
С£˵ûнˣҶݣֵǰ֪ġ
Ѳ˾ֻܴʥֻܹʥµš
룬ɳѹ˲ˬΪ飬ҲЩŹ֡
Ҷģ
ͨѲ˾˵ҪȥĳһȥѲ˾ͣǾû¡
죬롯Ҷģ
֮Ҷ鶸رЩŹ֡
ɳѲʹ˵Ѳ˾ѲҪңҹȥ
ûȷʵǷѲ˵Ҷʲô飬Ѳ˲û˵ҪҶȥ˲֪ɳϿҵ
Ҷĺܹ졣
ҪѲ˾飬Ź鷳Ҷ涼
δıѲ˾ѲЩƵߵѲ˾ѲҶЩˡ
ʵ벻ףλѲ˾ѲҪʲô
Ȼ룬ôҿ˵æϾǰ𣿡ҶɫŹֵ˵
ԣѲʹɳҡҡͷѲ˵ˣҶǴˣһܾġ
Ҷ涸һĲˬ֮ɫ仰Ѿ˼в֮ˡ
룬Ҳûʲô°
ùĻ˵Ѳ˾һ繷ʺһ㣬ֻҪǲϣʺҲʺ
ðɣ
Ϣ֮ҶѲʹɳ뿪˳ֹ
عҶУξ°ɣֹڸСèĳֹˮڵΣЩǡ
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ع˵ֹжһ˿塣
µݰѲ˾˻ҽԸͨһڹµϡع
Ѳ˾ʥֱϽȨܸ鱨켩
Ա̰ħ鱨͸ɱȵȣѲ˾һ٣Ǵεеһ
ڴܰͼѲ˾ַк֧ܶģѲ˾ΪϡѲ
жϡϡ˾ķݿѲѲķΧأܱΪֱݿѲ˾Ѳ֮УѲȨ
Ѳ˾ȨƣѲ˾ڵأĲۣڳһͨûС֮С
һ̤ţεɭɭɷ
Ҷһһɳġ
ɳѲʹ㻹ûлش𱾽ϴεˣִɱʿʲô·ΪʲôҪɱңҶʵ
ĿǰδɳӲĴ
˻ûҶЩ
㵱Ѳ˾ΪҿİѲ˾һҪͻ¼ô²нȻ֪㣡
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ߣ
һ·ǰУŹؽƣͨһ̾Ų󣬹⻪˸֮УҶγһӰĴ֮С
һʯңϱ߿ӡһ͹ŹֵĳעĿ
ʯǰһӿʯƣǱӰȻ졣
ˣɳ°ɣҶ̣תѲ˵
ѲʹɳЩ⣬Ѳ˾Ȼرܣ
Ҳ˵ѲҶҪ̸飬ҲܽӴ
ҲһҲҶֵ
ɳǹԹԵ˳ң˳ʱ򣬻˳ֵĿҵʮط
Ҷȴ÷⣬Ѳı죬ҶŸӵĶ졣
տѲѲҼǵãӦǶѲɣҶǸӰʵ
м
ҶӰתǱ촽ӥӣҶǰĶѲտ˭
˵ٻĸΪһսսٱֳɫµΪѲصصѲѲտ˵
ô˵ǾѲҹģ֪Ѳҹʲô£ɰɣ뾰Ѳ֮仹ûĽ飡Ҷ˵
տĲ̨ףȻɣѲ㻹ûĽ飬Ѳһף
ף£ҶɻˣҶЩ벻ףտ׿ʲôˣҪס
ľͨѲҪľͨտżɽֱ˵˵
ҶüͷһѲȱڴʥӣҲһǿҶĳ洫Űɣ
Ȼǿ˵ţӦǺĴ½Ĵɰɣ
Ѳտ˵ͷȻǵ£Ҳܵǿ˵ĶôĳȻܡ
ǣǾĳһͼıļһﵱѻ꣬˵ЩӹǱҲ˵ĳ²ɣ
Ҷͫһ͵غһһ裬һնɱħõİĽѫλҹѫѲ˾ѺİĽ
ߣ˵һССİĽǺǹѲ˾Ҳ˵ģģҲտЦ
ԣҶɫرѿޱȣô˵ѲΪľͨҪֶඣ
ǲֶΣʹְ𣡡
Ҷ棬Գƺ񣬾￤ǹõĽξѫλҴܵ۹мѰʱ䣬֮꣬ǰһжǿհף
ˣʲô˲տȵ
ݲ飬ǹʧ뱱йأȴܴӺѨȳǹʱǱһȺҰ׷ɱʮа˾ţȾҪ飬һϸܲ˵ģ
տ˵һһֱҶķ˾κˣѲ˾治Ǹǵġ
й飬أ֤ɲ飬Ѳ˾Ȼƶ߰˰ˡ
ҶһЦģѲտϺĸһ˿⣬ڣ㻹ܾѲĽ𣿡
Ҷε̯֣Ŀͻһ𣿾Ѳ˵ǽ׶԰ɣ
ô֪ѲҪʲôҽף˵ҽľ֮ͨʲôô


1282 Լ
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Ҷһ£ѲʹְλѲ㲻ῪЦɣϴξ˵ˣҶ֮е鲻Ȥ
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ľͨȣҶǰ̡ĸֵ󣿡տЦ
вѲǳвȡᣬ㲻̫޳Щ𣿡Ҷ
ԣѲͳһѲʹĴͷȻֻҪѲ˾֮ǰĿհףһж⣡Ѳ˾̽ݲһôɣտ̵˵
϶ȷףȷҵûǰɣҶЩεʵ
ΣңѲͳѲʹְλȷʵмֵ
˵Ĳϲۿ˽顭
˵꣡տŭһѲ˾ڣʵΪ·ϵʵġ
һԱӣһΣٸ׼Ѳ˾˾֮еѲʹְλ
ԣҶӵƣѲ˾ϵѲʹҶ˵ʲô˾Ѳʹˡ
˾Ѳʹֻ֮һݣӰݣԼĳֹӪУξ
տ仰Ҷһƺ
ʲô߰ɣҿɲ챻ȥǸֱ´һ񣡡Ҷ˵
ҶдӦ˼Ѳտ˼һ£ʵڲԸⵣΰ˾ְ˾ôѲΪѲ˾Ѳʹ
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Ѳʹ࣬ѲʹȨȴûоְ˾ֱֻͨĶͷ˾籾Ѳָӣ
ңƽػûʲôҲһҲ߰Ż´һѲ˾нûнӵѲʹտ˵
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ѲбҪƭΪľͨѲĸ˵ôࡣտ˵
ҪĻӦʹƺҲûʲô⣿ô˵˵ȨΣҶǽ
Ȩ򵥵˵ֻҪΪѲʹϴ㱻ʿʹİӣֱӲ鿴κεõһĴɱΪѲ˾ڲʿһȫ׷顣
ĳЩʱ򣬻ԵһѲ̽Ϊá
˵ţտͷĻ˻֣ĸϻЩˣ֮ѲʹȨҪеĶĶ࣡Ҫȫ˽⣬ΪѲʹ֮󣬻ᷢһϸصᡣ
𣿺ܼ򵥣һã뱻
⡭
Ҷ滹ԥѲտȴŭˣСӣôˣ⻹ӵһθּۻۣٸּۻۣŲϾʶʶѲ˾磿

Ϣ֮Ҷεı۾ľͨ¼һݡ
˵ʵľֶͨŹҶ沢彫ȥ
Ҷ浱ľּֿͨ򵥣һ޳ɾǾޱȵľ飬Ϲľ֮֮ſصʮλԶžĸ²һٳɹġ
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ңһЩ޵ҶһĲΣҶǿ󣬵ҶһҲں
ҶڵСǶһ޶ġ
СڣҶľܹͨɱķӳܹġ
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𿴾տʱ˵컨׹öõģһ٣ҶͲܾܾǸ鷳顣
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Ѳ˾ǿƣЩ嶼ǣ˵Ҷˣ
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ӹҶ¼ľͨտϸĿһ飬ΪʶݹӦġ
ŵѲʹƣһαԴѪȥͿԣտ׳һ鴿ɫһֻɺơ
㲻Ըְ˾ĿǰûӰ̽ɸ㣡Ҫʲôµʱ򣬿ҸصѲʹƣӦþͲˡտһ䡣
Ѳ֪ô󹦷ΪʲôһҪľͨҶʵ
㲻ãľͨ̽һĳ̶ȣľԳΪѵĶĿɹ𣿡տ˵
ԣҶЦɻ湻ֵġ
տ˵ûľͨƺĺʺ̽
סඣ飬ֻ֪֪һй¶ȥѲ֪йܣ֪ģ뿪Ҷ棬տߺһ
ѲҪĿģ²ǴõľͨɣĿģӦҼѲ˾ΪѲʹɣҶԶԶ
ԣտٺһЦ̫ľͨȷʵǴͷϾľֹͨʱԣҪýܱѲ׼
飡
ӦտģҶݺݵˤŵ
ҶŲס
Ĵ½ٶȼ죬£뽫ľͨɿõĳ̶ȣҲʮĹ
˺õֶΣոѲľտôԸʮã
£ҶѲ˾Ŀġ
˵Ҷǰһ㣬Σ

ٴδǼСŲѲʹɳ͵Ⱥ
ˣǾͼң뿪ҪߴǻܲѲ˾ĹϣȻܺ棬ɳȴûд°ۡ
ҶӦһͻһæǰȥʵɳѲʹǰʿִɱҵİӣûв
ûӦҲܲ鵽ɣ
ɳûĵҶһۣû鵽û鵽Ҫǲ⣬бԸȥ顭
˵˵һ룬ɳĿһͻضסֳѲʹƵҶ棬ɳһĹ졣
Ѳ˾ˣͨķ̽Ӱ̽һ׼ϸĳ裬˵ϵѲԡѲʹˡ
ҶǰǰһӣȻͳѲ˾ѲʹҲ̫˵ɣ
ɳѲʹԼˣ͸¶һӦûɣҶЦ

ɳԥһ£ӹҶѲʹöַ֤һ֮󣬲ųҶ¶һεЦݡ
Ҳ֪ҶԼˣ֣
Ѳ˾ĹأЩ飬ǲ鵽Ҳǲ⹫ģֻصҪʱŻᶯá
һʿִɱҶֵܵ飬ûֱӲĻʹϮظĲҵҡ
⣬Ϯ¼󣬾˵ҴZݹѵˣˣ
˴رϮ¼ݹϵĻֵ˳ͽ˽˵ǵֲֵ㣡


1283 ֮
Ҷƽصֹʱ򣬻򰵵ģ˶һ
Ѳ˾ĳЩʱȱ¶ĻҪֲ
ǵعų˷ֻΪƽŴǵ飬Ҷ˵һЩ
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Ȼ飬Ҷ治²룬飬һЩͼľְսҶ潻˹ȥ֡
ҶԸץһʱ
ʵںĴ½ʵһУûʵܵġ
ҲҶҲȡ
鷳ţҶļԣҶ˲Ϣһը˷εĸо
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ˣǴܵţ뽪Һȣ̲֪˶١
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˵ԿͻرѲ˾ĵǣħ֣ǡᣬͷĨڴܻ塣
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һĴ㣬˵¾ˣ
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ȻҲǲٵģ˵Ѿּܵճһоλ˵ʹ֮ǰһҾĪȫҲ
񣬴ּʹ֮ܵҺʵѪ̳оλء
Կ˸ȻЩֻ֪ģүү˵Ϊѹ£ǳ˲Ѫ
ǵλʥӣλʡ͵ĵƣĽۣҲֻǺŪһ˶ѡ
ԿĻҶͷţžҵţҧأҶģȥĿһѪζ
ʮƽղѪֵôܷɣĽȻǱ˼ꡣ
Ҷŭһϳ壬ʮձѪǰҽУŮͯİһĻٴθҶǰҶһǻѪֱţ
ܣ¾Բܾ
һҪðۣһҶ


1284 ټѪʿ
ֹУǧΧһԲȦۿУı̨ϵı䣬ʱʱıһѪź
ΪӪ٣ҶƽȵĶϣۿͽ׾ְλı䡣
˵ʵܾʣҶ濴˺ܶδ似طĺǼңѪЩʿźѪڡ
̨ңҶҲһ޷ȥ
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Ҷ΢΢֮ʣʾ俪ʼ
ϣζΪк֮䣬Щ۷ߣоͳһְġ
ǣӪһĶһְĻոأһΪߴصĿ߾ͱ̨Ц
ֵǣλӿɲһˣУξ˸ᣬɲܴ
٣ȻǵĸҪǿλӣֻҪǲȭͷǾ;Ŀһһ޹һĺԼţޱȡ
ߣһ£ȭͷжһеȵ˫泤Ծ̨
˭Ҳûз֣Ծ̨ʱĿĶһҶ档
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УξҶ濪ЦɫһҪǰѵ⣬ȴҶˡ
Ҷ滹еġ
ٷϻҪսսս͹
Уʱͻսһ
˶ʽƷװ࣬ҪֳߵͣҪͿʵ似طˡ
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ոճ꣬ΪϵܸɵԭϵѪֵܾȷѾռȥ޷ȷλ
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Ҳһͼɫޱȵѿ
ٷϻҪôһㆪ£ҶѾˣҪֱӵķʽͼУûдǿʵĵģ
ͽ̣
һ֣ͼһ𣬾͵ȭӰҶ档
ǣ֪װϣҶУξĻԱǿԷ˻ֱⲫ£ֻҶ治̫޳ܣͲᶯû
ϣ˵ϵģͼĹҶ׶ûд߶ȭӰٽʱֻǺܼ򵥵һȭƽƽ
ǳļ򵥵һȭȴ·ɽһ㣬ݺݵײͼȭӰֱӺͼ߸߷𣬿Ѫ磡
һȭ㶨
ˣ
ǧʿĿɿڴע£ҶĻ˻ӵˣһ
ҲһɲǣͼͻرޱȵҶУξҵģŭ֮ʣͼ͵ؾһöСĵҩ
ҩڵɲǣͼϢͷ
ҶתɲǣͼϢʹؿ쭵۷壬ͨһأͨأͨ۷塣
ͼϢͨ۷ɲǣͼð˴ĿѪɫ׹⡣
ɫ׹ֵɲǣͼѪꡢʼһȼֱӽͼΪϢƵͨ񾳾۷壡
ҲһɲǣѾһѪɫ׹ͼ·һҶ棬Ťţɣ
ѪʿСģһĻ


1285 عķŭ
ǾߵļУͼѪɫ׹̫һҵɲǣҶ󱬷
ΪҪǣͼѪɫ׹⣬ʮ׷Χ֮ڣ
һɲǣͼҶֻʮײ
֮ҶϾʹѪɫ׹ⱬġ
ǿֲʱʹ˳ֹķ󷨣ϰ󷨴ӳֹ˷
ϣҲһɲʮ󷨡
ЩֻΪ˱ֹڵ۵ռķ󷨣ʱȴҪ⡣
󷨵һĽͼԱѪɫ׹̶˵棬ҶܵѪɫ׹ࡣ
ֹжһŭ͵䶯һ£عķͶӰٶȳУϿա
һԲ׵ӰѪɫ׹⸲
عķӦν죬վһߣڵعķͶӰ֮ǰѪɫ׹ѾҶɡ
սʿһĻ仯ˣ˱ܵĺ֮⣬ȫ֪롣
ʶȥǱһѸסˣˣͨ񾳾صѪʿԱͨ񾳾۷֮£ɣ߶Ҫܵش
۾˸ԲҶУξ
еļУɲװġ
˵ʵڴ֮ǰһӣǻԵ꣬ڼ»ѫλĺóΪ³ϣҲܻһӡ
Ĳã˵ͻᱻ׳ȥΪڻҡ
ڱϵĹŴ裬ƺѾϰˡ
Ȩ˲һ˿һķ˼
ڣѪһ޷Խĺ蹵
Ҷĳ֣ȴϣģ
ͻȻģеĵӹŴƺҲô£һģԼҵ
ڣҶȴһλϢ˲쭵ͨ񾳾صѪʿɱˡ
ָоͬϣһ㣡
㿴ʹޱȵĹ죬ҡҡͷ
ĽӴƾĶۣҶУξеҪֶλʵ
Ҳû뵽顣
첻һҶûʲô飬г΢ϧ֮⣬ûʲôˡ
ȿȿȣ
ҵĿͻأĴӸոɢѪɫ׹Ĵ鶸رޱȵľ㵣鶸رÿϲޱȣһͳ׹ⱬġ
ҶУξû
ڴͬʱعķͶӰһҲװ£еѪɫ⻪һɢ¶ǱޱȵҶ档
ʱҶ棬ȫµ·˷ĩǰһ˶ޱȵ·ļ׶ܣסҶǰߣҲͼ󲿷Ѫ׹ס
Ҷı󣬴ʱЩˡ
Ǳһ㣬ˮݣЩطѾڷ֬ڵ䣬󲿷ƤǱϺһúײ
۶ֻסۻѪɫ׹ĳ
ͼѪɫ׹⣬Ǹʮ׷ԲĿռ䡣
Ҷı󣬲ɱܵ˳
ҶƵǣһʦͻ֮Ҷɳױ٣һֱδüµĻס
ҪȻҶ󱳵Ҳء
ҪͼͻϮ̫ͻأˣؼʱ̣Ҷֻüһֱŵ۶סҵĳ׶ӵڶأͱǿֲĺơ
ҪǣҶǸߴƷĺס˿ֲѪ
ҪȻҶʱ㲻󱳿Ҳ࣡
һһڵĿѪҶЩѵתŹ췭˸ۣô

ɵҡ
ȹ췴ӦͷӦȥסҡҡεҶ棬Уξˣ
ȻΪϢߴͨ񾳾صѪɫʿԱֲܿ۶ܵס˾󲿷ֺҶƣûбϵôء
ǲ˷Ҳ·Ҷ沢뱩¶̫࣬ڽӶʿɱ¡
УعķͶӰЩȻĿŻ߳Ҷ棬Щ⡣
һҶϵ۶ܣЩ⣬СһϺöٰ
ǵع죬ҶҲЩ죬۶ܲûоƣĴܡ
Ʒǿȵĺ嶼ܵ˲Ĵˣ۶ܱȴûκӡˣ⣬һ۲۵ı
Գһ
Ǿ֮ҶƣǷܣܹƷĳ̶ȡ
飡
ţϷ򳹲飡һʱ֮ڣϷҪ˵ϣһʱ֮ڣھеһҪϷǰ
عķŭ쳹Ӫ
ʵϣعѪʿɱҶ沢̫ŭŭǣȻѪʿ˳ֹ˳ֹӪ
ĳһ죬ڻµʱѪʿǷɱǽ붼عͷƤ顣
ϰλ̫ͬ˵һֳָɱ˳ֹ
ҶУξϷ򲻹ɱ˭ģӽ𣬹ٳƴɱϷΨʣعޱȵĺ߳
˵ҶɫѿޱȣһɲǣҲ˵عŭԭ
ܵˣǳֹ˴̿ǾȻ
ľСĽ߰Ҷ鸮ڷŭŴɱߣַɿ³ޱȾľʼҶˣҶ潹Ƶĺ󱳱һɿĿʼ䡣
عõ˹᳹
һʱ֮ͼһϢȫ˵عǰҶǰҲһݡ
ɫޱȵѿǣͼȻǹ¼ҹһ
ϢӾ֮ʱڣļ˾ͽţһֱϵûС
ƽҲΪƧÿ·֮ٶȻľ⡣
ľò࣬ǳͨ¥˼ȴƵޱȣķᡣ
ʿ
ҶУξϷôɣعķͶӰͼ鱨ݺݵˤҶǰ
飡
㣬ֱӡţǰ˾ҪӪʿļᡢϢߵĹ¼ҹˣߣȫɸѡҶҧ
Ĵ½ͨ˳ɼ磬˶ʮʱ򣬺Ѿˡ
֮лѪʿĺ˭ҶǼΪġ
ԣҶܸɴķ׷飬ȿʼ
ʱ䣬Ҷ桢㡢˽ɸһ㽫ǧӪʿϢһ顣
޹ʡߣʿ侹Ȼʮˣ
ҶҲ֪󲿷Ǿųɾŵʿ䣬޹ߣڰȫǣЩȫҶ淢ͻԭ
£Ϊʲôѡӵˣ֮ҶЦ
Ϊӵܳб֤ϲܳͼѪʿҳϷб֤Ҫսȴӻ˵
Ҷ˵ͷˣҪȥһˣҲڵʱŷһٳ⡣
˵ͷȴʶ׷һ䣬ҶУξȥʲôҪҪȥ
Ҷ滺ҡͷ̤Ӫŵʱȴ
ˣôҶҲΪԼˡ
˭ҪԸҶ棬Ҫø۵׼


1286 һ
Ѳ˾ĹأΪҶѲʹƵӴѲ˾¶ݣҶѲ˾ѲļλҪԱһܵϵʽ
ҶǵһѲ˾ܾݵѲʹɳġ
ǰѪʿɱ¼֮Ҷһʱ佫֪ͨѲ˾ˣԼѲʹȨҪѲ˾ϵ顣
Ҷ治֪ع˶عĽҶ沢⡣
ӶĴɱյҶ档
ҪǣһεѪʿɱѾвҶ
ǸѪʿͼǿһ㣬Ҷû۶ķһεĴɱǲԤϡ
ѪʿԴϽѪ鹫õΪ˳֣ǵ£ѵѪʿѡ
һεĴɱ¼ӦѪ鹫ûʲôϵѲʹɳɫ˵
Ѫ鹫Ѫɳûʲôϵ
ѪʿֶΣϽѪ鹫Ϊ졣
Ѫɱĵһʱ䣬Ҷ뵽Ѫɳ밲ߵļѪɳ
᲻ǰһߵĴɱأ
ȷʵûУѲʹɳ˵ͷѵѪʿķӣںĴ½ʲôŴ󷨡
ǲ鵽ʲôҶʵ
ԣѲʹɳҡҡͷûʲôõϢͼĹϵֻҪһ飬ȫǶϵġ
һߵӰ̽ȴһеôϢ
ޣʲôϢҶߵ
λӰ̽ڽݻ˾£ʮǰֹһͨǨ񣬶Ǩ֮˾ǴɱѪʿͼĸס
ǨڵסʯݣѲʹɳ˵
ҶЩͷԣ˵ʲô
ѲʹɳãȻҶ㻹һλȫϸѲʹҴܸݿϢûмȫ
ݣ޲Ӧݹķأ˰ɣ
ͨͼ鲻κεϸʿѵݰãеĹ̿Ҫʮʮ֮á
ǡһλӰֹ̽£ȱѲ˾Ҳǲ鲻κõϢģѲʹɳ˵
ݹң
Ҷ鶸رɭޱȡ
ѲҸ˾仰СЩҼȻѾʼ㱨δɹ֮ǰͲװ֡
ңҾԱлҪǿõѡǼعĻʵȴᣡɳ˵
ԣҶĿһҪѲ˾᲻ҡ
붼룡飬Ѳ˾ǾԲģ˵꣬ѲʹɳֳҶ漷˼۾ȻѲ˵ˣԸһѲʹôңҲִĳĸƷѣ
˵꣬ɳﳤȥ
Ҷȴԭس˼Ѳʹ鱨ͷӣҶ汾ܵ
㲻ѲʹҶֻҪԸ⣬ʱԱҡ
ǣҶĿǰǵģɲǱңǸѪƽյİҶڿǣôŪһ𣬸һģ
ҶǼѲ͵Сʱ뿪
̤ݵɲǣҶɢ

ҹݹԺڣ˼ŮĿŮ︮ɽZߴĸ˳ȥ
û𣿶ľͷһվŲѵҪȥź𣿡˼ŮȥɽZһ豭ͷܹ︮ܵϡ
ܹ︮ȴһĿЦԼλү⼸Ƣ̫ˡ
Ūй𣬵ȴҪЩκźⲻǿѵġ
ǳܷκŮӣ¥֮⣬м
үһУǰλүպʮа˾ܹ̳Ϲүľλ¡
Σܹܾ˼λھþµĸˣǼλŮͻѵһͨŽλŮͽ˺үķڡ
ûãүھƤײ︮Ķܹһˡ
Ⱥүй꣬Ҳ˯ˣҲϢˡ
˻ŵҪţܹܾ︮Ϣȥˡ
ǣҲ벻ŵ·ʮĵصףҶɢĿŷй︮Z
ҶĿ꣬ݹҶڵصңңĸӦһݹϢҶ͵ͷߡ
Ϣֲ̫ˣ
ҶĴʦΤ޵ϢҪǿɡ
ҶףݰҲѴɱɹ
︮Ҫﲻ̫࣬ȻݹʣҶͽĿŵҴϡ
Ѳ˾鱨ҶıˣпҴZֵġ
Zͦ壬Ҷ֪һ»һʱ䡣
ԵģҶݹת
ò˵Ԫ鰢̸Ҷݣ治Ǹǵġ
ݹصǱУֱ֮
ݹڵķҲ˵ãõ󷨷ʮ֮ࡣ
ǣһ󷨷ûԡ
ֻҪһ˿һôκ󷨷Ҷǰǰ衣
ܿģҶݹתһȦһҵǣһ޴⡣
ڣ˸ɫʽͨʽ֮⣬ִֹܽͨľе˷Բ׵ĵ⡣
鱬ħһߣгĶѳСɽһļϻ
Ҷ˼õִɱ󣬾ȻҲһټܡ
ݹڵЩеҪǷųȥܹװһŵģҶӷ졣
ҪǶõõߣ˵ܹɱ
һҶͽһ鱬ħ󣬻жѳɽһϻ˴ָ
һټܴɱ󣬻г׵˵ʸҲȫҶս˳»ڡ
ҶͿյķ֣ĳ»װˣռ䲻ˣ
￤ʱҶǧ﷽ԲСĳ»˾ųɿռ䣬ɨ֮󣬾ȫˡ
⣬ҶҲװ֮һĿռѡ
ʽʽףܹװһŵʽףܹ֧һĵĸֵҩоʣҶֻܿŸɵۡ
⻹ҶŵĻ˧ĳ»ԭ
ָںĴ½ձ飬Ǵ洢ռĴָȴǳټ
˲֪ҶµĹ㣬˵ĴָƷ׶ֻǧ׷ԲС
˵ûпٵָƷ׵ķҶԪ⣬֪һûк⡣
ûУҶͷİҡҡͷҶ治ɵһʧ
ΪʲôһҪڳ»취أԪ鰢ͻ˵
ʲô˼Ҷ治⡣
ֻг»У磬ҲУ̵˵
ҶһʵҲдռ䣬ж󣿡
жҲ֪ܴܴ󣡾ж󣬵ΪͻˣĽֻ߰ǰ֫һ˵
ô˵Ҷǲ
ûʰҡ
СҶǲˬ
һɲǣݹڿװһŵľеʣȫҶһɨգ
֪ݹϵı⣬жٴҶЦţֱʧ˵⣡


1287 ؾ
ݹĵ⣬ݹĲرķֶΣҪǿϡ
Ÿµ󷨣רԸͨݷ󷨣ǰֻҪҶСһ㣬Щ⡣
ҶͷʹģݹرĸڵֻδֻӱȭͷҪʱʱ̿ŲرڵһΡ
Ҷϵãǹȸһּ󺱼ȸ
ȸǼ򵥣ȴҳϣر
һ֣صıڲκα仯ȸͿڵһʱ䷢ʾ
Ҫǣȸְ壬ҪκʳֻҪͿԴԭ򣬼ѶԸ
ʱȸҶݹĲر·
Ԫ˵ȸȻ죬սһ㣬ҶԲᣬǿ߲رڵı
ݹܹڵһʱڸϹݹ֮ǰҶԿ԰ղرⲢҴߡ
ò˵һ˵뷨
ݹرڵղأϣ￤ԶˣҪǱʮ￤ļֵȲݹرļֵ
˵ģҶ濴Ʒʯͳ򣬸ڷŵǧƷڣ֪ʲôı
ݹĻۣǲˡ
Ҷһɨ⣬ôҶǧڣõԴˡ
һ˲䣬Ҷ˽ս
һǸܽ춼ͱı밲ļƻһߣȴǼǧԴ
գҶִǸƻ
һϴݹĲر⣬Ҷıƻֹֻ
ңһСĵĻݹرⱻϴһ£ͻ𶯣תܻҶü
Ҷϴݹĵû⣬ΪʧԵĶȫǽȫǴֹܽ˽ӵеľе
ǶˣݹҲǲţ
ǲرʧԣݹͿԹѲ˾롣
ʱһӰȥӸַ󷨵͵ͻ𶯣һãҺŵķ󷨴䶯
ôҶƺжıƻܵɡ
ĶһݹĲر֮ҶٵĴӵص뿪ٴεִ˶ԺݹZ·
ĵ飬ZѾйϣһƬǼ֮г˯ȥ
һҶħ˧Ϣĳ︮Zڡ
ɲǼ䣬ǰƥħй¶ĳ˯֮еɽZ͵۾
ħҶħ˧ɲǣɽZ۾صɵ˼¡
ӭģȴµѪӰ
ƺǸӦвɽһӺصϢӦһıס
д̿ͣ
ͬʱɽZһɤӣ
ҲһɲǣһѪɫ⻪ӵص׷ɳսѪһתѪͶħ˧֮ϡ
Ҷħ˧Ϣٵͨ񾳾۷쭵һأ߶أأ
Ϣ쭵صħ˧ѪӰâ˲Ϣ׳ࡣ
ɽZޱȵĿУɽֵǼԶƷֽһ㱻˺ơ
ĿԸһ룬ɽոӳ귢һޱȵĲҽС
ҽһ룬ɽZѪӰޱħ³׵
ӣ
ܵ쳣ĻճͿ˴Z׺ɱһĻʱͱѪޱȡ
ǣӭȴҶħ˧ֲޱȵķ·һµѪɫâ
ʮλǷӦͱѪӰƬ
Ҷħ˧طһͳޱȵѪӰع⻪䣬սѪͶѪҲһɲǴﵽ˼㡣
˹۲Ļħ˧ʱһѾﵽߵ
ǧ׳Ѫɫֱֱݸڵ󷨽ƿȥ
ңŭĺԶһӰͬһ¡
ڵص׵ҶǸֳһ˿ЦŭɲǣѪӰѾݹڵ󷨽ƣ
κηʩڲƵѶҪⲿ࣡
һͽݹǵʮռ󷨸ơ
Ϊشԭ򣬼еĸۡ󷨽ռ
£ֿռӷǳι̣ƻ
һ⵽ƻǺԵġ
һ֮£ݹڵĵӿռ俪ʼռŤһ㣬ơ
ⷽ򼲼ʮӰڿռŤĲ֮УִС
ôλȻڱĿռ䲨֮бƬ
ݹڵʼ̮
Щ۵ռڵū͡ˡʿȫڱ֮ϢռһƬ
ڿռĲ֮£ҽжһ
ԭܱյݹӱ¶ڳǣֻһԲͷСؿ飬ʱѾ˼һķ档
Щص㣬صһƿݹط󷨣ݹռҶħ˧Ϣֱӱ¶ڳ֮ڣ
ɲǼ䣬ؾһͷѵĹһ㣬Ѹ˹
ǿϢݹķֹ
صĸص쳹
ħ壡߽ħ壡
Σǻþ֮ھȻ˸߽ħϢ
ѵλħսˡ
־
ģȴǸֲֿϢͬһʱݹ
Ҳħ˧һݹ󷨽һɲǣҶһħ˧սѪͬʱתҶڡ
Ҳһɲǣһ㽫Ѿնɱ︮ZϵĴָǼƷ˵档
ҶһҶıģʱͻޱħɵħ˧
һɲǣħ˧ҶĴ߶ݣڵص׿
Ҷڵص׿ӵɲǣֲޱȵϢŶص׵ħ׷
ϢɢѹǸźԶҶҲӦǵĿֲ
ǼϢɢѹԱҶǿǿǿ
𣬴үģ˵ˣ𰡣Ԫ
ţ㵽ʲôĴڣһƱֲĽߵĴϢ׷˹ţҸӦʲôλϢ
죡
ҶĺУСĳɥһԪ͡
ûҶ
ƶƻ֮ǰҶ֪
ҪǲôܹԸһλŵİأ
ҶĴ߶ݣҪһĻһѪ󷨽ĵطš
Щ󷨽ƣʱȴҶİ֡
ҶݿЩƣǺ׷һƱҶδŵĿֲڣȴݡ
ȻǿطЩƣԣҶݣһߡ
Ȼ׷Ľȣʱȴ޷Ҷ֮ľ룡
ӶݵҶ۾ȴԽԽˣϾ͵ƻĿĵˣ


1288 
ذڣ˼İ٤뼸Ϸ
٤Ѫһ£Ĳ£ڸ˲С潻󣬱ħԴܻĶݣգʥѵ⣬˼ꡣ
˼飬԰ԣֻǽӵĳ̶˸֮ۡС
ֻҪһ£ЩӣܰҪģƣŮˣܹͽС
ÿ޵Ůǲġ
ˣ٤ʱʱķһͨƢǸܻ˼ļһ֮ǡ
ͻȻ䣬ڵĿһ£һͻأĳ˴ڴ˰٤֡
Щˬļ٤֮ŭͱӲѹȥϣʲôôˣ
ǰλϣ丸ߵרűȫĹȻָӣǰһ²Ը
үؿҪˣϳ˵
Ҫ£أѵ컹٤Ц˵ʵܳʲô£˾ϼ
飬ֲϡ
үԼӦ֪ˣһ͵ⶰС¥¥Ŀ⿴ռ˸ʮ⡣
ոյ¥İ٤һۣ;ļƼ˾ޣռ˾λ
طʲôˣȻĴռ˾Щռ˾ǱµٳԸϹôһӾλ
үٿλռ˾֮⣬ռ˾Ϣĺɫ⣡󹩷ѵ
ռ˾ϢģֻˣţһӾλٽص׷ʲôˣЩͷʹָ
ռ˾𣬻ǿĴˣвȴһӾͱλڰ⼸ʮ֮Уǵһ顣
ħ壬Ϸ򷽲ǱһۻޱȵħϢѵģڳħ壬λռ˾λٽǿߣӦö׷ɱλħ塣˵
ħ壿
鶸ر÷ǳĹŹ֣¶ΪŵЦݣϣ㲻ڿЦɣ
ڽħ壬ôܣ
Ԫڣôܻħ壿ŵҡͷ
ԪܵģֻҪϣħ廹ǱĿܵģ˵
ڼ飿ϣڼ飬Ҳôɵħ尡ħǼλ˶ħ񣬶Ǳذɣ
Ǹʲôֱ𣿡٤Ծ
ȴħǱˣүΪĴռ˾ֲħϢ
󹩷Ļ٤ſڽ˵
ֲܵİռ飬컹ķˡ
ҲһɲǣڵصʮĵطݵҶ棬ǳɵģһˮڽһ㣬ǳɵĶ˰ķ󷨣˰ĵصס
Ϊ󷨵ҶٵϢλޱǿϢԵжôһɲǡ
ôһɲǣʱȴ㹻ˡ
Ҷݴӵص׶ݳݳɲǣҶħ˧ϢͬˮһҶڡ
Ҷͷ·һԾһ㣬ԾһɲǾ˻ı
һħǿħ꣬˲ϢӵдϢߡ
ǰħ˧Ϣƾʧ
ɻɲǣҶٴϢĶ˵档
ȻҶƴһС
һĹҶͶݳ˰
ݳ֮Ҷ治κͣһʱսһĿ˳ֹķ
ҵǣֹ밲ľ벢̫ԶԼۡҲǸʮľ롣
ƾݣҶܿ͵ݵ˳ֹĵصס
Ϣ֮ҶصӪڣȻɿ̤ӪţһһޱȵĿһֲ⡣
ƻɣ
ڣ밲٤˵󹩷ͻһĿ͵ؿ˺ڵĳޱȵĹŹ֡
ôˣϣ٤ʵ
ħ壡үΪʲôϷ򷽲ŸӦһޱǿħϢڸڡ˵ʱϵޱȵء
ԣ٤Ϣļⲻܣĸۡڣôܳħ壡
Ϊӵܵļ٤Щܹ壬Ūͨ漸ŮĲʲô¡
ЩȴԲ繴ħ壡
飬˵մմ
ԣһô˵٤ķӦͱ÷ǳҡ
صͻرЩɻ󣬡ħϢֻǳһɲǾʧˣ᲻ϷŪˣ
ȻϾΪӦܳһ롣
Ϊ֪飬ܣҲԲܷ
һɲǣϵͱޱȵѿ
ү鷳ˣϿͻȻͳںϿյλӰд˾֡
һɲǣǰλռ˾λͻٽǿߣͳ˺Ͽա
𰡣
Ϊ⼸λһָͷͿԽ˵ǻλ
ˣиӰڷɿźΧ
һĻ٤ҲɵˣϣȫͣڱĺϿʲô٤ý
ү죬֪ͨү£үԽ磬ԽĿܣ󹩷Ժͷսһԭ׹ᵽ˷һŵħϢϡ
ʱѾֻ̫࣬Űһɤӡ
Ȼûףǣɵ
ôѵһĿֲھۼĺϿգ϶д·
ʱõİ취̵ʱϵȡ
һ֣һѶʹӳ
һɲǣɤ﷢һֵİ
һֻ̽ɵľͽǵѶס
ǽǼλ𣬶ɵ·Ѷ
ڰޱȵĿУķһ󲨶λռ˾λ;ֱ󷨣˰٤ǰ
ǸħأһһϵĸƤһĴռ˾յ˰ǰʵ
һɲǣٴᵽϢ
һָоκǰλռ˾ԥɱ
Ҫǣ治֪
һɲǣһ޵ĸо
ãȻҡҡͷռ˾˫һļ˸צһݵֱӴ˰ţҪѻꡣ
һȴڴʱһһͷռ˾ơ
ɣޱּ⣬öԻӵܡѪĻӵѻ꣡˵
ͷĴռ˾˫йһ͵ͺһðȫ£һֻﶼܷŹһҪѳʧٵĻħ
ͬʱּѻ갲
ոӵһİ٤Ͳľͷڼ⵽ô£


1289 Ȩ
һݹڣݹŶɽZʬ壬ɫˣ
ȻĸۡڴɱĶӣŭֱ
ݹĶ࣬ĵϵѪ
һɽZһｭٮ
ľλս֮еһ̳Уʱĸɫĸ̳оλϾ¹һ˥
ҪǣʱƺùˣѪù֡
ǰｭٮһֹȻ󱻶ȥλǰЧһҵһȹλ˶ݹ
дһ£ٮһǳ׵ʧȥ˼̳оλʸ
ɽZɽZȴƤӵ±˻ɱ
ٵãľλֻܴЩĶ֮ѡ˼̳УȻĶӣĶӼ̳оλ֮´
ڣһӡһһӶݹʹޱȡ
һĵù¼ݹоƺһֻεĴڶԸңڿӺң
ݹҳĻں󣬵ɱZģȻħеһλǿĻħ
֪Ҳ֪λħλޱܵصģħɱӵޱ
ҲĿ꣡
֮ǰӿʲô쳣ûʲô˽ԹݹһصҴźZŮжܹʵ
үӳ֮ǰûκ쳣Ҳû˽ԹҪ˵еʲô飬ǾǴǰ߶ˤ˵Ǽʧˣܼ˵
ܼ˵Ǽ£ǲѪʿͼɱҶһ££ݹ֪ġ
£ܿͱݹˡ
ҶһһŲϣ϶ħйأǴɱZĻ֡
Ĭ˰ΣݹȵǱĴӶˣǻʲô
ţЩ壬ΪҶᣡ
пʱЩҴŮֵİ
үѲտ˵ˣҪЩˣܼ︮Ϣĳֵ
ȥɡݹĻ˻֣Ϊʹüġ
ɥ֮ʹ飬鷳
ΨһҵǣܺߣǱħɱĿ꣬ҪȻҵ㸲֮䡣
ҹȫǴ磡
Ҷ棬ǴСڵĹ㣬ҲޱȵĿſգ
ûмôѲճ֡
ҲδôֲĴϿѲ顣
ÿǧ׾֮ڣһλĿֲѲ飬ͬʱʮλĴߡ
ҶҲû뵽һεļƻȻôͷʷǰ¶
Ĳ֪¶ĽĴڣͳǧˣ߸ߴʮ
ƽΪͨĲӬһС·ԹһűѰһħйصϢ
ֹڣҲһŲ飬ڵϢޱȵĽš
죡
ȫǴ״̬죡
ڣھǱϴһ飬ǡڳڱħǣ̼ҳһǧҡ
̼ҽӵһЩħڵزͱʡ
˱ˡĿʮ
ޱȵرޱȵϳ˷·ԹһѲ⣬ϲˡ
عҲ´ЩϽ˭Ҫ⼸췸£ǾѰ·
ܵľҷӦҲҶĿɿڴ֮࣬ҶȴڴһΣô飬٤Ǻòȥɣ
죬ޱȿֲ죬Ҳԭޱȼѵ졣
ĶӰ٤Ȼħ島˹ϵ
һǿĻħڻɱɽZ֮󣬾ȻƾʧӰĸڡ
ڴռ˾׷ʧˣ
ֱ˼顣
ħȾڴܵ۹Ǵɰ
ǶǿĺţֻҪմһ㣬ҪѪùҲҿǻʼӵܣҪȻ٤ͱѻˡ
Ҫ飬Ͱƽˡ£ЩϲĽ룬ͱޱȵ鷳
ƽֵܵļλôǾܵգ˵ʱȴƨš
Ǹް
ǰ٤վǰʱ޲˼٤
ʱ飬ѾǼ٤ˣһˡ
ʵ˼٤ħȾ⣬ôǲ֤Ҳ⣬Ҳǣ
ǴǴǰ
һãλ¾Ҫˣ
ĵλһʧȥ֮λЩŵĻǣ»̵ʣ
ԣʱŬǬھ
Ϊ˶Ӽ٤ΪԼ
£¹ذΣϷϣּȻϷ򽫰ѻ꣬Բɡռ˾ȵ
һѺһԵİһţĿ⾪ֵĿ˸
ʱ䣬ʱ䣬٤Σ˾͸һòࡣ
Ȼûжѻ꣬Щ޷ݵĿ̣ȫһ顣
٤ģһجһ㣡
޷
ռѾڵǧ˾ѻ꣬ûκη֣ΪλҪֽѻꣿ
һҶħݺģһΣħıΪݺҶŹҶʧ
˵꣬ռ˾ЦƭأǾϷۻ軨ˣ
һε飬ǸƭƭЩͳˣڣ
νӬ޷ĵΪʲôħƫƫͽӶĳڰߣ
ߣǼλռ˾׷ħ壬Сܹǵģ
ǰڵ׷
ԣѻ꣡
£ѾʵС٤޹أħǱأӦôֵ֣һ˺֮ϵ˽ۡ
ͬһɲǣһ겨˲Ϣ⼸λ˺潻ĸõλ֧֡
ߣ
ռ˾һߣһɢŴĿޱȵĹ⻪ȨȳУ͵ؾͽϯռ˾ȨǬϺݴ˼£Ǭζѡ
ƣ漰ذΣ֮£κˣ޷֤ףȨ䴦ԱذΣ
ʥӼ¡ŰеȨȣЦԭޱȵѿ
˲õȨȣеȨȣܻȨȨ֮һ
ֻҪȨȳ֣ǵ£Ҳ޷ԣ
࣬Ҫ̫ԭһһٵ˵
һԵİ٤ҵĲǲܷѾ˻
ϷһһΪذΣһ˵ϯռ˾һݺݵһȨȣĿͿ˰٤٤ħǱһ£¹ذΣ޷֤ס
֤٤ףһǬ


1290 ׽
ֹӪڣüɫҶ콲ųϷĴ¡
ǲ֪ЩϼһǣΪһ˿ܵҳħĻᣬȻȨȣҪ٤ѻ꣡
ȨȰ˲õȨȣĿܻȨȨ֮һ
ϵ˵Ȩȼ궼ûгֹˣһó˰
ڹ죬ǵӳܹõҪš
ҲЩҵӵܵĸɣÿ죬峤ͻѳϷĴ¸ϵӵܽһȻǷۣⷽ۹⡣
˵ʵȨȵ飬ҶҲǵһ˵ȨȣҶ֪٤³Ρ
ȻܻȨȨȶˣô٤һ˰ɣҶСĵ̽ʵ
ε漰棬ϲṫãԣҶҪֻ֪ò
ԣȴҡҡͷò˵Ǽһĺܣۿϵסˣˣ

֣ҶͫһһҶΡڴ֮ȴǧ˿ƹϵĵط
ǰʦ׵ΤԼ٣֤٤徻ϴӳ֣ǾԲħκιĿԵģ
ͬʱ׸׵ױԼ뷷⼧Ϊ׵ϯ֪µķּ
׵ϯ֪°ǿ൱׵ڴܵĶˣ׵񣬴׵棬徻ϴӳ֣̣ҲðŸ˺Ƥķսѻꡣ
ڽҶüͷһ֣Τ޾Ȼʦʦ׵Ǳߪõıְ
һڲݶԸţ¼УΤµǧʥʦȫ
˴ʧΤ޻תܱܲסλö˵ô˴̶ȵĽأ
㣬ҼǵΤֻʦɣôͻȻԾ˵λʦȨʦҶɻ
ϵ¶һ˿֮ɫѹԵɣҲ̫Ҳֻһ;˵ϢһǰʦΤðΣ̽һϵʯΪḻ
ΤްһʯϽ׵Ż׵ʶ׼ʥв˵ίγʵȨ׵
Ļֻ˵һ룬Ҷͻµǰ
£ʮа˾Żţйأţס֮أ֮·һϵʯĿԣ̫ˡ
Ҷ浱ҲܣҶʱ䲻࣬Ҷ淢ˣҲ̲С
ֻҶû뵽ܣȻɾ˴ʦΤޣڹؼʱ˰٤һ
Ҷɫ÷ѿ󣬻ħһսʲôҶʵ
ඣĽ룬СҲǱסˡĹأְ˾ߣ볯Ϊ٣÷ѫ
ƣ٤ĺλһϮǲʮĶӣ²ϵľλ
Ȼ԰٤ͶǳĲˬ
ֱߣΪһȰ鲮ϮȥҲջ˽ӽųɣ
ҶɻĿУЩ״εĽ͵ʵȨйϵ
ڴܣĴ֮Уȴִ˲ˣҪǣô꾭Ӫ򰵵ڴ֮ܳ֡
ʱѡѡܹõĸǨٶȡ
ǣһ¶ϵıϿɣʱͻᱻɨسš͵
ԣҶȴȻĽ˫һ̯һ׮İӣˣ赭дĽˣ
赭дҡҡͷ±Ӱ죬±еĶҪ
׵뷷ⰲ٤Ϊ׵ϯ֪£˼٤ݡʦΤ޵֧֣ҪΪ£ԭ
ǻ֪죬ĸԤмλɣ˴֮еԭħս϶һ־ŵٻָȨѾˣƵʮ߷ŵָȨѾɫĽķ֮һ
ڰ˴֮еһӾ͵䵽˵λûʲôõֶΣ˵˶ãҴܵеҪˣ˵Ȼǲֵġ
Ҷû˵ְλĸûκȤ
Ҫǰ٤ܵӦеĳͷҪǰ٤ͷ
ôĴ󶯾٤£ֻǾλѡ
׵ϯ֪µλãȨƽ
Ҫ֪׵ϯ֪£׵֮еĵĺ˵λ֮⣬ˡ
ȻϽЩ׵ʦʦλҪĶ࣬ʦĳЩҲϯ֪µԼ
伫ΪݵҲʲôöΤޡ٤֮׵λٸߣҲҪǣҶ氵ź
УξѲ˾ɳѲʹǰ˵Ѳ˾Ҫ뽫ȥϵ飡⴫ͨ
Ѳ˾ңҶ¶˹Źֵ顣
ҶɳĴ£ǰѲ˾ʱ򣬰ոջһ׵֪µİΣλƼ˾ļ£ɫĽŰһУȻء
ʦһҪ飬һҪ²ˮʯأ٤ҧгݵŭ
׼ȷ˵׵ϯ֪¼٤
ʦɱţ¼УժӲ㺦ǵģһλħһΣ֮ݺңһŪҵģҲһλħ
Ҹұ֤εĻħһˣһҪҳһȻץסܵʮٱĻ
٤ͻشһ£ʩϵֲֶΣһجһ㣬һͻ¡
ϹԺҪлᣬһҪʬϰ٤ޱȡ
бڳڵ׵Τ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫŪǸ˵𣿱𼱣лģĻлģ
ħ塭Τ޵ͻرޱȵĹŹ֣ǱʹˣǽڣѹûаŹƵͻϮ
ǻ˵ǱصķɱˣСС֣
ԣ׵ϯ֪¼٤ҲޱȵĹŹ֣ʦ˵롭Ǳϵ
Τ޲ÿɷЦЦİɣǸħӱһҳģֵﶼˣܹ
˵λʥˣˣһܹҳһֱĻǵǸ˵ˣ
ԣ٤۾һʦ˵λܹǰ֪ʮ֪꣬ġ
ΤЦص˵ͷ

ҶУξҪݹṩгԱ֮У֣ϵһ£
ڶǰѲտĿǺܹٷһѯʣҶԱһ˵ʱʲô֮ѯǽѲտŻڶҶһˡ
˵ʵڵ֪ݹĴɽZϢĵһʱ䣬Ѳֱֱ;һСйأŪþ֣ǡտεҡҡͷ
ʵ˵ʵɵZڶҽӶʿɱң˶лأϧǣûл֡£˰Ҷε̯̯֣еȴ޷ݡ
֪տŵĻڿЦأ̽أ
ǰߣǵû£ǺߵĻôλѲտֲ̫ˡ
Ҷ½еĽ޷죬ܻɵҶϣ
Ѿˣ츳ֱ
ǰϧǻħɱģپйϵҲܣֻǿ˱ݹǸϻȥڱڿҪ֡
˵ǲҰӱɱ޴ԩ޷˵Ե޹ʵĿԭ
˵⼸Ĺԭüε鷳ȻΪ٤һ£Ǩŭˡ
ûݹţ˾һҹ֮һһ㣬׷ˣѲտ̾
Ҷȴεʼ磬˵ѲˣĵıԹɣ
ů¥ĹǸõ߶񣡡
󵨣
Ѳտ۾һװǻƣҶȴǰʲô飬ֱ˵˲ϲĨǣ
տһҶ¶֮ɫ˵ʵС̽ӵϰΪʲôͲԸѲأҪԸѲ˾Ѳϡ
ҶסƣѲտɫ˵֪ǰħֵķзڣѲ˾оħǱ룬ôʮа˾ŻصĳصĽڡ
Ѳ˾飬ЩطҲΪοͨķ̽Ҳ޷ǻħαװˡ
ԣϣЩܹľͨȫڸӦҵǻħټ֤ѫλһ
ҶһѾ޷Ѳտˡ
߶ľͨȫǵĻľϢǻħⲻ׽
Ѳտ¾ζ벻¾ȻҶģ
ϲ
ҲҲûΣѲտĻ˵ͺáϾ˴ռ˾Ѳ˾λ𼶱Ĵڣûҵ
˵ˣҶǾѡ
ԣҶȻ뿪
ħǱɱɽZһѾ죬ȻȻشϣһӽŵζ´µӰûˡ
ֹؼʱ̣ҶȻҹ䣬ݷֵĻתֹ¡
ҶǣҶոյﳤֹſڣͿµšоı˾죬гֹߵһޱȵڸſڵȴ
Σȥǳˣ
Ȼ֮ʣҶͿ첽ӭȥʲôʲôˣ
ҶǰͿҶ棬ٵҶ档
ٶȿ죬ٶȱǸ죬ҶǰһסҶ棬קߺҵУξˣˣ켱ˣ
ˣṫ£ڣعڵ㣬ߣޱȵ˵


1291 
Ҷ汻һ·żߣԺȴΪϢ˾κˡ
ˣһҪ
Ҷ룬᲻ͨٷԸأ
һλҶɵ׵ʦ׵ɹԸģȴҶɵˡ
ҶϿԱ֤ɵʦûκ˿գⲢӰ鷳
ҪĻ鷳ƺȽϴˡ
ٷĿǰҶܹԿġ
Ҷ²ܣɻ
ĸ㣬ǹ죬Ŀвûκʾ֮ɫ෴ģЩŹ֡
ΣգʱҶʾ㲻ᣬǹԻҶʾġ
⣬ùٷʰҶĻô;ԲҲӦýֹϽȥΪҪĻɻóֹΣվء
˵Ҫʲô
ҶһһϵСèСèͬɲǣСèȫҶԺ
ϵϵһɲǣҶξ͵شһġ
ҶУξôˣû°ɣæķҶһѡ
û£û£Ҷ֣ޱȵĹŹ֡
Сè˫дΣʵǡ
һƬѩף·һϸѩףʡ
СèǼһڳֹϣֹǡǡһĨسȹƯǣʵظСèһ࣬ȻҲͱҶһˡ
ҶҲôһɲǣ˲ϢתƿעСè߿ڡ
Ҷ澪ǣڣֹȻûλϣλīɫ۵ߵĶ棬Ȼλߵݷǳ硣
عڳֹԣ֮⣬ī̳վȲ꣬һֹ꣬Ŀʮֵĳҡ
ڵգʱΪгǳֹīɫ۵ߣЦʵġ
ǵعҲûаʱʱĵͷӦ
ΧƺıҪԸҶɣ
ɷ֪ʲôҶ治ɫĵһöװżʯĴָ
˼һ£ǲ̵ĽҶݹȥĴָ˻ҶУξۼҲ
Ƕǹ׽εˣԺ󣬻Ҫչ˵ĺãҶָֽ˹ȥ
һΣԥһ£ҶϵĴֱָӽߣ׼ȷͽҶĶڡ
ۼֻ֪ˣ빫µйأǽʱһ񣡡˵

Ҷɻ֮䣬ͷȴǴ󶨡
ֻҪֱ޳ܵĶùٷԸͳɡ
ֻǣһʵڲ򵥣ڴܣΨмλĻд˴
Ҷ˼УҶ漲˰ӣ㵽˳ֹ͵
ڵſһݣͨУҶ̤˴֮УǸֲֹμ˵عͺһԡ
ҶУξλһʦأμع
ܣҶһ
ΪӽŵʱʦɢϢҶҪޱȣȻ׷ɱҶϰٽǿϢࡣ
Ҳ˵ʦǽǿߣ֮ǰҶǰĴʦڵʦΤǿ̫ˡ
ңҶĸӦУعϢصϢȻЩ𣬵Ϣȴࡣ
֮죬ҶڿȷλֲޱȵĵعΪˡ
ߵǿߡ
Խͨף֮ϵĽߵĴڡ
еعǰҶֻελصϥ¹
Ĵ½һ㣬ҶģҪ¹
ҶҶУξĴϷ׹յüˣȻ
صķӦȫҶϡ
̫ģҶ̫ʵ
ΪжҪʰ
飿
ҶУξлߣҶУξԸԸΪĻأֻҪҶУξԸ⣬ϷҶУξͬڴʦĹеĶҶ˵
Ҷϱһһ㣬ûӦ
Ļߣߵһͳ֣ЩĹࡣ
Ҷ벻ף̬ȣͻȻתһٰʮأ
룬Ҷģ᲻ڲҲһ飬׵ǰλȴĸ
ȿȣ
ع˷صҶУξҪ𣬾ĿǰԣܳΪĻߣ
лģһУһģ
£ȻҶУξˣǲǿԿʼǼˣ˵
عٴεһҪһȣ
Ϊʲô׷ʡ
˻ûع˵
Ҷӵɳ˹Բ


1292 ڸ
ǰôҲؽ£˭ǵģһعĻؾһӵ۵ģ
Ҷֱӱˡ
Ҫʲô£
ʲô飿
һصҲҪ˲һȣع˼˵ļ𻹲͡
ԼԼ䣬Ҷܲͽһ֮С
ӦǱµġ
عøȺļôҪڻ̨ףһ˵عĻߣҪû˳棬ƾ뽫ذ벽
ϹбˣƤӣ뱾սٻغϣǸһڣͽ۴У󲽳ſڣһҪƴӡ
״عȴǿЦżм䣬εźС
ߣˣƤӵı£ǿרóȭȭ⣬Ҫսٻغϣ㲻ɣ
ſһλɫƳ۵ӣŷعָһϾҪµģ
عεĳ̾һλٲϣô£Ϸֻϵǻˡ
һλΪƼ˾ͬʱͣȻǵعԵʮֵӡ
Ҷ¹һ£Ƽ˾ڴռ˾Ƽ˾ȻҲ뵽µС
Ǹ¼Ҳλ꣬λ㶼Ƽ˾۷ɢϢȻΪ񣬵ҶһλƼ˾Զˡ
һλͨ񾳺ڣһλͨ񾳾۷Ϊ
ŵһۣ¼ͽĿҶ棬Ϊ޵ĵ֮ǰ˵λУξΪ̫˰ɣҪǣҳϣ
¼ɵĿ⿴˵ع
ҶɫرЩѿ˵ΪͣνΪΪϢͰ
ҳϣЩˡ
Ȼ˵ҶԴжҳϣҶǾְ֮ˡ
Ǳ˼ҶУξͳ˧ǧǱε֮һô¼ڻɱ۹⣿ֹͻأ˵
ֹǿҵ̬뷴ӦҶЩ⣬ˣǾˡ
Ϊǵ鱨֮УҶУξոһ¶Ȼóֹ˵Ρ
վŵ΢΢һĬ
ҪҶУξͳ˧ŷģֲֹһ䣬Ҳ
˵Ŀͬʱ˵عƺѯع
ϷֻһźµūţµκξϷͬⲢ֧֣ع
ͬʱһİۣعֻһūţŹ֣
ðɣȻ¼֣ôι»棬µҶУξͳ죡Ƽ˾ȿڡ
ǣԼµ֮УľӢ棡
ȴҶУξͳ˧ԣҶУξ֮ϣоͳ죬ٺ˵ȣ˵
һԱ꣬жԾԾ֮ɫҶʱ¼ͼ
¼仰У͸¶̫õϢ
ȣֹǻ棬ǣֹǻ幫Ӧصڼ棬ⷽ滹йŹ֡
ߣ滻һ֮ǰ⼸֮⣬پӢС
һλĪ뿪ؼ棬д£ý룬¶ûбô򵥣Σء
Ҷģǵѡ񣬾չС
ĿǰԣҶȴûѡ
ȻǶ汾滤ôȻҪӱУξĺŲᱻ˷쳣ֹٴοڡ
Ϸ׹µ˼ҶУξȻϵУξȫĵָӣȴҪίһˡ
˵ˣķоָӵģǱУξǣαУξֹٴǿӲ˵
ҶЩ⣬û뵽ֹڸյӡ
£˼Ϸף¼ٴοڣǣһʵ⣬ҪǵǾҶУξΪ⣡
¾ģһΪֻصġϰġУξôָӶ
Ҫ֪Ϊ͵ģͨ񾳳ڣΪҲ٣
ЩĴʦǼһߵĺǿ𣿡˵
⵹Ǹ⣡һֱδڵʦؿˣȻǸŸôĸ󷭰ۡ
뷮ͬʱڣ͸ֹ˾޴ѹҧҧӣʵô֪һͳ죬ǻˣ
Ϸλʦʵǿǳоͳ죬һܹʤΣ
ߣϷλǼλĸߣʵǿ󣬶Ҽо֮֮֮еκһʤоͳ죡
ͬʱƼԼ꣬ͬʱŭĿӣ꣬ԾԾԡ
ԣֹȴЦһصһɷͽ߳ˣͼˣǣܹЩʦǼǹԹ
ҶУξǣ


1293 
ֹĻո£¼Ƽ˾ָھͳЦƾһ⣬ҲǣҲ̫С
¡¡ͻأ𣬵ɫ׵ĴҶԺݺݵйƼ˾ָϡ
˭Ҳû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼͻأĳˡ
ŵƼ˾ָڲҺһ׹У·ɸһ㲻ܿƵľҶš
һɵƤⱻζҶǵ׹֮Ҫǹؼʱָ籡һĹ⻪ֲһܹҪС
޳ܣ͵Ϯָڱһ׹˵˻ָԵһƼ˾Ҷ
ߣ購һΣֻһѵѣ´ٸҶԹ²֪£ɾͲˡҶһӭĿȵ˲Ϣռ˵Ƹߵ㡣
һ£ûаָûжԹ²
ûУҶЦһ㷽ųƺʲô
°
ָڷŵð֮ðƺûУҶ
⡭ˡ
쵰͵Ϯ˾Ҫɱ㣬һҪɱ㣡Ƽ˾ָţڵһʱͷŭޱȵĳҶ档
һɲ˼㣬ҵɱֱҶ棬ӣȻҶء
Ҷ治мƲƲ죬Ȼû¡
ΪҶͻȻ֣λǼΪǿλĸ֮⣬͸ͷࡣ
һֱӱҶû˽ȥһȻڳֹߺҪɵֹУξ̣Ҷֱˡ
ҴɱУξҶǶظһ˿Цڣ
߳һҶվԭزҲҲأĿƼ˾ָڷ˹
Ļ׼ͣո˻еƼ˾ָڶͷ亹ɲǼ
ĸӦУ֧ƤʹޱȵϢӦǷɱ󾭹ӳֵʸϢ
ǿ˽ľ£޷ѷɱĺ֧ɱʸ䵽ϣǲҲˡ
ǹЩʹõĲֳķɱʸļǿ͵ķɱʸͱɡ
һֱû˵ָΪ¼üͷҲ΢΢һ۲죬ЩӴ˹񣬿ֻҪҶһ£Ļеʸ
Ҳû뵽ҶӰȻǿ󣬼ֱǾɽ
عҲһɲĿΣޱȡ
ָڣ
ͺһָţָڵζһ֧ͣɱʸָڣҲ˸̨ף˳ƻת
޳ܣû뵽ҶУξȻ޳ܣ͵ϮȻǿʿѹҵȣ
ҶУξֻ㱾µĻľǲҶУξָӵģһλƼ˾ڷӦˡ
ԣҶǿﶸطߣ£ýأ
ðǰֱҪնɱУξں󣬱УξûʸɱֻССĽѵǣѾǸˡ
оͳһְѾ˵ˣǿΪҪսܾͷҶĳ㵽ףҶ治˵
ԣָ۾ͬʱһ˵ģ
ڵָ֮ǰ̤˰벽סһսָڵɱ
ɱʮָڣֻܵͷͬ⡣
¼µǿΪӦͬİɣҶ治ӦսĿ⿴˸
ĵ˵ͷʱۣмҪ֣ɺ˶Է
һֹعءָڵоʢ
仰˵ǸѶ˵㵽ֹ˵ǸָڷָɵҶ档
ָصĵͷȻǰȵҶУξ룡
룡
ҶӦɲǣָصһŶأƺһ£ָӿһޱȵƹףм䣬ͷ·һɽһѹҶ档
һöȭ׸ָڵȭ֮ϣָھһɽһ㣬Ҷ档
Ҷ棬ǰվԭزָڹ
ָڵȭӰˣҶһַ·ŭһȭӭָڵȭͷȥ
ҶȭһɲǷ·𻯳һޱ̫ź˲ϢָɫȭӰ
ָڵ͵һ٣Ҷȭ£һֹסΣӶرޱȡ
෴ģҶȴеվ
ָһҶ棬ٿ˵Ҷ棬͵ػ˻Դƺ˦ֲʵĸо
Ҫ֪ͨصΪҶ棬ֻصΪ
صļһӲӲƴһȭûˣ
ͬһСӻһʿһ㲻˼顣
ָԼҲ޷ܣǸءعгֹۡ
ֹع֪Ҷսǿ󣬵ȴ֪Ҷ澹ȻǿٶȣӲͨ񾳰صǿߡ
ʵҶָӲܣܼ򵥡
ҶƷǿȣԼٵӳ
һȭȴĵҶڽ
̶֮ȵĹҶٳһȭҪݽˡ
鸮ת֮£̶ֳȵ֧ţҶ涥˳ȭҪĵġ
෴ģָȻһܴ죬̶ֳȵĹָڻ׺ٴΡ
ⲻܣ
ָڻ˻ԴһΣȭͷµĹâʢȭ׵Ʒӵ˼£ٴҶһȭͷ¡
ûʲôܵģ
ҶӦ֮˿䣬һȭͬ
һΣָڶҶһ˿һ֮⣬ȫ߶֮£ҶһǺȭֻǽָһѡ
Ҷ潫ָ˵ɲǣҶ淢һӰǧϸϸһɲǼָйȥеʮ÷ԪĿ
ָӦûзӦͱС߶ĳǧ˸ʵʵʮ÷ԪСĴ߶£ָķ˼ֲԣͬһɲǾͷ˳
ԡƼסʹѪʴӡٻȵϰֲﶾͬʱעָڵڣָڵƤһɲǼͱ˾˵ɫ
Һʱµˮ˺ɫ
˵ǣƺò̫
ģսߴһҶҲһ
Ҷֻ֪Ԫ鰢ΪŪ飬ΪС棬ÿζһЩС֪С¸ССֲͨԳɱɱ
Ҷû뵽СȻ˿ֲʵʵһָڱǰ⸱ģ
ҶУξɵĺãֹϲҶ鸮֮𣬡ݺݵĳһúõĳһڶ


1294 һǼ
ҶУξɵĺã
ҶУξݺݵĳһúõĳһڶ
ֹĻҶЩ⡣
Ҷ治ףһƽ͵ĳֹôԹ
ǰҶһֱûע⣬һ룬£ӳֹ뿪ʼֹƺڿ
ƺֹܲ⣡
ҲҶƣСٱǷһȥġ
˿ƺڽӦָڵķ
ʮϢָֻҺĿɢ֮ĸʶ˲Ծ
һˣ¼˵仰ʱɫڵĸһ㡣
£ҶֻСſָڣſɲǣָھһľͷһصڵء
ʵһҶ滹֣ûСָڵΪҪȻҶ滹СΪ¶ǻһء
ΪϾҪ¼ڳ˫Ҳֵ̫
Ǳһˣ
ֹ괫Ҷȷֹ֮䣬ŹڣӦûС
ǣ
һɲǣеĿⶼıСϡ
ǳֹ龫ֵıСرޱȵ
Ŀ絶һĺ˱СֱСһС
ҶǰǡʱĻסС¼Դķô⣿
ͨ
ءع˿ҶĿޱȵĹŹ֡
˭Ҳ޷ҶһߣȻܹ۷ֳ
ǵع֮ͨһзͨĿǰԣķҶָķСԶԣԶԶ硣
û⣡ֻϷܺ棬ҶУξΪȻޱȸķͨˣɻ
㲻ģһҲᣡҶһһΣСʱҶڡ
棬Ҷչʾ˷ͨص㡪ǿ뱾壡
ֱӱҶһ仰µᣬٺЦ鿴һָڵƺ˵ȥҶУξĸУ
ʲô˼ս𣿡عͻЦĿ⿴˷أҪϷȸϹһȻһͨϷһڶΣ
ԣƴЦƣ
ɫ䣬Сĺ˼ѾԼǿΪֻҪҶУξλоͳѡĸʤĸоͳ죡
عĿһ䣬ȴЦ̤ȻˣôʦƼ˾һϸ¡
Ƽ˾ֳʤ֮ʤߣҶУξһϸΣ
һҶЩŹ֣˾٣վһߣڰ˵
˵ʵ£ʵ̫ˡ
£Ӧ볤ֶֹԸݱ䵽ڣȻ볤ֶֹԸ
ɫޱȵѿ
λʦ֮ǿҲҶĶ֡
ǰڰҶ档
ɫһɲǼӲĴ洺磬Ǻǣ£Ϸǲܡ
ôҶУξԭϢһʱΣһʱǲУǾϢʱȻһָ¡
ٰҶУξ֣֮ôоͳһְңʱ˭оͳ죬Ի£
ع뷮صĿⶸر絶һ
δܼ֮򵥡Ҷ治һô˭оͳ죬ǲӺġ
ԴΪв˫ͷ
ҪҶһˡ
ع͵ǰ̤һƽشһС磬¼ڱϷ໻ˣ
ԣˣһ˵ܻģЦ
عͷ͵͹һһȻǿŭ
Ҷٴΰ̾һЩļһᣬͼ
ԵعݵλѾƺ˵ֱҲǼΪˬġ
Ҷ棬ûаգܲʰģҪܹʰϷǷһ飡عյҶ鸮֮
һɲǣҶѾ̤ǰع³սɣһƼ˾ѣǳսһ
ɫһӶһ죬Ҷ棬ԭϢʱʲôʱָ۷״̬ʲôʱ뱾˾ս
㣿ҶЦһҲõϢʱڣֻҪ㹻ڣھͿԾս
ҶĿعЩ⣬ɷϵǣĺˬ
һĸǼҶһ߼ҵ̶ȣζֱˬˡ
սҲǣսҲǡ
սɣʤ֮䣬ˡ
սɣȴһĹȵ߶ӭսҪǴȥԺͲûˡ
һԥȴָҶ淢ӵĻᡣ
Ҷ涸طһǧټƵҪһսģǣ
ͬˣȴֲսԥǰ
ų򣬻ǳֹĺã
Ӷرͨޱȣһޱȵ˭˵ų򣡼Ȼ㲻ָҪսǱǼͳȫ㣡
ŭһǰظһöСӡСӡɲǣع뷮ɫͬʱһ䡣
Һ磬˵Ľֵйع˵
ƣ
ҲءֳڵɲǣһļµĻϢشҶԺɳ
һι״ڵԲĽԲһԵĴ󸹱һ㣬ҶԺɳ
ɳɲǣһ۴ϸ߷ϵƵİ׹⣬¡
鱦
аף
عͬʱһӶص˸Բ
ĪĿУǰöӡǧһ֮ʣӭ˰ɫаףһ֡
öƷӡһ⻪ȫ֮࣬Ŷڡ
ش֮£⵽ɵһѪĻֱӱ飬ȴ߶Ǽа׾ڡ
ޱȵĿζƮ˳һһ㣬ͣĳ鴤š
س鴤ٿµҶ棬ǵعǷءֻǷʦһְռĿ⿴Ҷ档
ֹҶĿ⣬Ҳд˾ȣ֮Уȴʡ
ͬ𾪵ģҶ棡
Ҷ֪ĺ鱦׹ڳ֮󣬻ĺǿ
û뵽ǿ˱̬
Ҳ峿鱦׹ų׵ٵһУ죬Ҷһζ֮׹顣
˼һĿУҶ澪һһ͵һŵһͷȥ


1295 
һ£СɿҶڵͷٵǿгߵУҶվȡ
ֻµУҶ漫ȵܡ
Ҷ߶鱦׹ʱѹû뵽׹ڳ׵֮ı仯Ȼô
ϴԲ״ӷޱȵĽڱ޵ģȻɵٱ̫ǿԭ
ڲı仯ӵ췭ظ
ǰ׹ֻʩչߺ䡢׹ܵϵڣֻҪҶ׹ڲ׹ڵ԰ƵϵԷϵͨҶ߶
Ҷ淽źİ׹⣬ʲô֣ҶҲ˽֮Ҷ֪ǽаס
Ҷ׹ϵɵϵͨѡеһпɵϵͨطġ
ֻҶû뵽ģҶлҪֹ
˲ͳҶڲСһɲǼ൱۷״̬ҶӵеֲģҶҲ֮һ
һ˲ߴĿлȱʧҶһͷԵڵء
Ҷ氵ЩڣӦóʱ˽һɳɹ֮׹ı仯ġ
˵ע£ҶƵĽıε׹ջڣȻųֹ˹֣£Ҳ
ءع˵ĿⶼĶҶĺ鱦ϣֱʱҶջأһŻع
ǵı̫Ǻ鱦̫ˣ
ϣǵΪܹӵһʵĺ鱦ĻǵսҪһϡ
¼оͳѡȻȫ֣ܳоͳѡû˰ɣ
ǼôˮƽǼϷµһصУξս֮£Ȼ˫˫ܣ
ͣоͳһְعЩ̱ޱȡ
ҶһзŵǸعݺݵĳһڶ
¼ޱȵɫһ䣬Ŀ⿴أ£ϷߵλоͳѡȻܣߣλоͳѡ
ֹعҶĿͬʱ˷ء
شǰŸһ¼Բ飬λʦҶУξΪǸԸҶУξҶУξĺҶУξȡоͳһְ
㡭һ缴ġŭһû˵ǿΣҶԿǡ޳ܡ֡
⣬ǰҶͳ죬Ҷͳʶһɫ糣˵
Ҷٴα⣬ЩףλķΪʲôҪʾã
Ҷͳ죬ܸʶ㣬ʦպָ̣
Ҷͳ죬⣬һʦͬʱ˴ʦҲͳܣҶͳ´
һһǰҶ񣬿ȥһźתʱ괫Ҷ鸮֮
Ҷͳ죬ò˵صΪָܹȷʵżֱ¡
ǣָɫ̫ˣ˽֣Ȼǿã±һŵʵ޴֮
⣬ɲķҪǷԣӣգһҶУξͽ̣
ĳǼΪ԰ģвⷬ괫
ʱ򣡡
оͳһְⳡˣѡ
ӱĺݵ¼ȻƺȥȻҶͳоͳһְô⼸Ա滻֮£ȫҶͳģ
ɲϣ³һ©´һ˿һķߣ
˵꣬ץܴǳָ뿪˴
ҶģҼסˣһν֣ҾԲ˿֣뿪֮ǰָ˼ֵָ˵
һΣҲٸ˵ݻĻᣡҶЦһŵ˸Ķָڵɫޱȵѿ
Ҷ棬ԺˣҪСһЩǰ̣ѲعĶҶ鸮죬Ҷ棬һε飬Ϸˡ
סϷǷһ飬ʲôϷ飬ܿڣ
Ҷͷ֮ʣĿ⿴˵عзأ¡عȻҶĳѾδ˴ι¼񣬻֪£һĿʲô
عޱȵĹ죬һʵǼ棡
ҶһԲŵģعһЩ飬֪ģͲҪʣ
кôҶУξ
Ҷһ£˵ͷף
ðɣİԱ滻ɣ⣬ųȥ˵ҪѲ棡⣬̵ʱ䣬Щ滻Աźá

عҶоͳ콻һϵе
ܿģҶæµ飬ѲҶ档
ҶȻЩӵܹɵĵһ滻
ڱ滻ĵһİţܼ򵥣ֹһõĵ²ֿ⣬ڲ˲󷨸֮ȫ˱ĵ²ֿǱޡ
Щʦļ˾ǣֱ˷޴Ϣͽ˳ֹڡ
Ȼǰ׼ҶڼٻʱǴһ
飬ҶеĻҪӡ
ΪһʮˣǱ׼һ
ʮ֮УһʮȫʦȫΪߴͨ񾳺ڵʦÿһɢϢǰɱҶʦ˶١
һʮˣȫĴʦ
ÿһ˵ΪͬΪʦǿǣˣߣЩΪǿĴʦΪ𾴡
Ȼݺܲһ㡣
࣬ȫͨ񾳵ռ˾ʮˣȫǸָһǼ
ǼΪԸ࣡
Щ֣Ҷޱȵľ
Ϊݣɳһ֧飬ܽµɱ
ȴ˻ǾֻһĿġ˶Ŀ
һ£ߣ
ҶޱȵΣУҶģڳ֮ǰЩʲô
ҶλݣҪһЩ׼ͱҪõĵعİ
Ҷ棬㿪ݾе嵥¾ħսϣҲЩѵðɣŪЩеѶȺܴ󣡡
ֻΪµİΣǣ²뽫µİΣȫϣǣ¸ιµӪ
ȻعŪǾ͵û˵Ҷ˵
㰡عָҶЦΪ˹µİΣϷǻȥҪҲöŪе
ԣϷҲ̫ŵù


1296 СĻϲ
Աı֮󣬲ûϳ˰µʱ䡣
õعǵĻ˵ڵȴǱߵ鱨
Ҷ棬ҲǡýµʱǽЩ
ľʱɿţ¾ʵǳֹľܺ͡
ÿһĹͷһ룬ʵս
ǵƣڲĵľʹӦ£Ҷʦľ£ָܻ
ִ֧ɵ飬Ҷħһѵ£սٵš
֮һָǿȽŰѵķʽ£ͻ˵ǰƿΪ
Ҷ̫СģҶּ۲죬һεǷǳΣա
ٳǰ죬Ҷ潫еӪ֮У˲硣
Ҫˣ˳Ļˣ
һεûбô򵥣Σգ൱ΣգŪãȫûпܣ
ڣ˳üԽ͵²ֿ⣬ЩһһһǱޣ˳ε񡣡˵⻰ʱҶޱȵࡣ
ҶСҶѾʶ˴ܵ۹Щ߲ԡȫ
밲ĶԼһ㣬Ϊ˵֮˵Ķ
ǰʦΤޣǧİ⾫󷨵
֮£ǧ˵ѹ
ҶһԤУЩŪþڻңӣ˶ֹĿĹߡ
ԣֿ̫ˡ
ҲҶΪʲôһ١ٶĳͷоͳһְԭ򣬾뽫ȨԼУڲ׵ıȥڻҡ
˳ʱ˳۵ʱܻܲҵĹǰ;ǻˡ
ûмֵ֧ˣûʸثֵģ
ΣղźãΣղŴŹѫ޴Ĺѫҧ˵
Ȼм֧֣Ǿ˳ɲҵķҵ̫ƽˣԿڼ尲µĽҵ̼Ҫһ˫ð˵
Ҷ浭Ķ˶һۣȻǲԸ˳ôаʱ䣬ܵ׼һЩɡ
һ󣬳ֹŴ󿪣ֻë͹⻬ޱȵǣ£ֹĳٴҡеĻʻء
˵ϵĻˣĳֹ׼ȥúõĹһ䡣
Ǵ˴γѲͳһ˵عԣֹ˴γоǼѡ
ֹǻˣ治ڽУɽˮ
뿪صʱҶѲտһݵ鱨档
ǴصĻħټҶȻǲ鲻ġ
ΪҶôҶѲտ˽ħܾݵ㡣
һĹģȽϴ󣬸ɵǣĿǰݹĲҵ
ҶȥˣݹͷʹǾݹԸˡ
ֹĳݳأɹſһѾسȺ
Ȼһ⣬ǧڣֹĳŻס̤ԭϵ޴ޱȵϹŲ
⻪һ֧һǧ˵Ķ飬ʧԭϡ
֮ھĴϹŲŲƺͳʱļо֮󣬳ֹųݽݵһӪ
ӪûãҶоͳʼ
ֻ𽻹гֹĳݾӪһĳֹԵعΪİ̫滤£ǧݾӪڵһصٴаִһشڵĲ̵ɽȡ
Ҷӵ𾪣ǾӪڵصӦ¿ڵģ£ӦüѾá
شɽȻһΪ֪ϹŲ
һ¼ʮǼغ
ֹ˵һԲľͿʼ߶ϹŲ
֮ǧİʧɽ֮С
ڵشٴοŵصԪһ𵴣˲ھصϢľͱ
Ҷٴγֵʱǳһ˹޴ɽ֮С
ɽ֮ڣͬҲһ¼ʮǼš
׼ķΣǻϣ¼ӹһѴָ
ߵĶζʱѬֱۣƽŵʦ
ڷĿ£˶ЩΪԭʼƤ·ѥӡ
ֹڳȹҲһɫƤУͷϵҲʧһľ
¼Ҫ·ɽһƤȹԵòײĵع˵
Ȼ·¼ɲһ죡һֱһĳֹԶɽͻǺ
ɫһڣһֽѵ˵£ݣ
ģһΣعȻûиάֹοЦ
𣬶۾ˣСһ㣬ЩҲûнҩ
һ䣬ǲڣǼֳʼͷǰ·
鿪ʼһߵĳɽ֮зǰУɽǸʵ
һԣռ˾óҩȣٲֻҪһڣʮϢ֮ڣͻö
һУҶޱȵĺȻ
̶̰칦ڣʮ׵ȥʦҲһλ
Ψһ˷ǳĸˣǾС
ʱҶ麣֮дСУۣﾹȻ˶Ĵδֲ
ףǱߵǴԳݣҽӴһ£ҽӴһ£ܹģº˽ˣ
ףǱߵ½һ㣬ϵʯٺ⡭
СĺУҶֻεһһĺ·ǰߡ
ҲҶоͳݣɣҪȻľٶɡ
Ҳ˴δļֶ档
СڣҲûʲô⡣
ããȺɽ֮м죬·ĸһͣͿǰһɽꡣ
ɽڣ岼ǧӣƤŮŮ
ߣ˲䣡
һɱ
Ҷͳ죬ָΧ׼һˣ


1297 ʥ
һǧʦռ˾һ˴֮Уʼһ浹ɱ
ҶµǣҲ¶ԾԾ֮ɫ
Ҷָ£ǧ˹ڳֹܣһǧʲΪλ˴ܱƸߵ㰴Ҷս¡
Ҷǰŵսܼ򵥣鱬ħɱģһ鱬ħɱ
һγҶľе֮Уд鱬ħһߡ
ʱ˴Ͳҽ졣
¼һŮһɱ
ֽɱɱ׶ŹҶԣȴûκβʡ
½Ҳˣʱɱؽ磬˵ɱԻ˶ǳġ
޹غ壬ֻغȺ
ͻȻ䣬ҶĿĵһͷ׷ǹ췱Ƶϣļ˾
ÿһ䶼С
ϼ˾ͻȻ䷢һ㽫۽ߵʮͳͳѪȫ۵Ľ£۳һѪɫ
㵸ţŻɬѶһĪĹ첨ʼ
һСС䣬Ȼܹٻػħļ˾¼ŭһָϼ˾Ϲɱ
ֶķһһīɫľ޹سϣһһסǧɢϢķƵīɫʹ˳֡
ָһɣ

Ҷֻоƺôһ£ǵīɫĳͻһɫ磬׼ȷޱȵĴ˾š
䴩˾ŵɲǣɫͷ·һεıһ㣬ͣ˾ǰлĽ
ҲһɲǣһѪɫӰشֱ¡
ɫޱȵѿ˫ּٵĻٵ־ǹ
ʮָ䣬ƺ˿˿ɿĹһŴڲͣ͸ǵѪɫӰ
Ҳһɲǣīɫͻǲεıϣֱӹᴩ˾Դ
Ĺ첨رɢǽѪɫӰƺҲʧȥ͵ԭر
飡
Ҷ澪ǣѪɫӰİ׷Χڵˣ壬ʦֻռ˾ͳͳѪаһϢĻƬ
һ£Ϣȥʦռ˾ͳ˶ʮλ
Щ壡ݺݵĶ˶š
ӦԳֵģ˵
عĿһ۷صǵһ帹ذɣЩͶħˣԼأͬܵħЩдϹħıӻ
ﱬǿͻעһεжɾ鷳ˣ
صЩΣھⷽ棬ȷʵǷȱһ㡣
ˣҶУξɨսŷһҹ⣬ɳСӣɱЩ·˺Թߣ
Ҷ淢֣оͳ죬ʵҲǰعǴֶѣо滮ġ
оͳΨһĺôǣܹҶ֪һЩûʸ֪ϢͬʱİΣƿԼС
ź÷֮Сʱһһ˴أľͨʩչ֮£˴Χʮһб仯Ҷչɡ
Ҷľȷ۲£ǰɳʦռ˾ȾСֶӣɱϰٹߣϽΣԽ͡
ռ˾ʦҶָӵĸ˳֣ǸԳΪҶվ̨˵ҶԵʡ
Ҷ治̫׷ƵƵʾõԭֻܽıһľ롣
һҹݣ󲿷˶⼸ĸǿоƣлָ˹
һٴ·
·˸Сġ
ڵع˵ͬʱҪ£Ҷľͨһ·ߣ̽·ȷ档
ԶԶŽ·ҶܹǰĴͽӽ䡣
֧帹صĲܹӦԣ·һһѪɱ
عΪʲôܱܿЩأ׾˶ԷҶ˵Լɻ
Ϊ˻س̣
Ϊس׼ʱͻ֪ˣع˵
ò˵ͻʽ븹صо÷ʽ
֧ǧ˵ٵļԱǧˡ
ʣµģȴȫǾ
˵սһ쭡
ҶΪС÷Ԫɵһλͨص֮ҶΪɹƽڣһС
ͻʽоڰɽи·˶ʮһ󣬵ȺɽƵһɫĴʱֹͣˡ
˿ʼóֵָֹҩҴǷá
ʦֻռ˾ǼǳֹعأԼʼڴڵ̷ֲ֪ҩ
ȻóһҩʼȫͿͿͿĨĨֹСèĶ⡣
ǣ̷ֲ֪ҩȫͿĨҩ֮Ҷ澪ȵķ֣ӦϹˡ
ӦУܱһ˶ûС
ǰȴվǧˣ
쵽˼㣬֪İռˡ
ȫʥǱ죬ǵĵҩÿշһΣͿںɵĴһ졣
סԲ¶ͷԲܷ˭ҪǸһ˴£¼šĲӣ
ڶȫݷ˺ףǷظдİʦȴûš
Ǳףǿʼɿ첼ޱȵƷ龧˺ס
йȥĿֲƷ龧ҶһͷƤĸо
ʲôܲڲͬھ󷨰ɣ
ǿģֲ̫
סһ£ĸ£ܣ;Ŀ£ֻǷءǡ۲һУҶ漫صĸ콻
Ҳ̬ԣصĵ˵ͷ
Ƭɫĺ˳ˮ⣬ûκˮ˵ˡ
ԣʱ䵹Ǻ׹
ҶǱµʱ֣˾ͺ׵ĳ˺ɽϡ
֮Щ˾ָѱܱߵÿһأǣȴûһ˽
ƺɫʥʲôһ㡣
ΨһģںϸӦ
ǿںɨɨȥÿһλ˾Ҫһ顣
ЩҩȴӦֱʧЧ
ҶЩ£Ĵ½Ҷ治˽湦ط̫̫ˣһڸ£ȷʵЩˡ
ˣʱ
Ÿ괫鸮֮ɲǣϰ鲼ۡ׷ԲԵļ˾ӵһλŮƮ䣡


1298 ʥŮ֮
ǴջƮŮҶͷ͵һĿ⼸޷ŮŲơ
˪ѩٲ㷢£ֻһʱĶСףͦظѩ׵ӯӯһյǡ
ĶģȴŮϵʡ
Ǹоͷ·һӭ̫۶͵Сһ㣬£޾
һֵֺĸоƺ˷вֲһɲʧɫ
۾뱻𣿡ŭ鸮֮
ʶģҶ˫ĿʥܱߵֲȴҶ۾
İһ»СèҶСĴ߶۲źߵ
ڵһ˳ʥܱߵʱ򣬳ֹеعСèͻҶ档
ƺ׼ʲôʢļһ㣬۽˾ǰ鲼Ĳϼ˾ΪģŤ壬̺Źɵļ裬һһ߷ĪĹڡ
ֲǣǵļ赱УϢǱں׵Ҷڶ
ʥڵĺˮʼһ͵ʯƼ̨Ĵʥ
Ҷҷģڴ֮ǰϸʥΣģǾԲļ̨ġ
ڣȴеĳˡ
˵ȷʵǼʶˣҶ鸮֮
ص𣿡Ҷɻ
Ҳϼأǧ˿ƵĹϵ˵
쿴뿪ʼˣ
ŮƮ䵽ʯƼ̨ʱ˾Ҳ˼̨״ļ衣
ǰܵʿ׷׽׼ĺƷͶʯƼ̨
дĸɫȣиָҩݡֲ꣬ģȴЩѵһǿޡ
Щ޾ʿһףǵط߱£Ѫȫ䵽ʯ̨֮ϡ
ǣƽƽʯƼ̨ͷ·һ޵׶һ㣬ѪǸɫȣֻҩݣͶ뵽ϱ֮󣬶Ỻʧ
ּ룬˽һʱ
նɱ޳ʮͷǺ룬ȴûһ˿һѪ
һĪʼڼ̨Χ
һͷޱնɱ֮˾춯صĿ޺
һһ˫ˣŶ鱻ǰİУɱһһס
ʯƼ̨ɢһĪĲЩѪǻѪǰֺ꣬ʯƼ̨ȫɡ
ǧӵϰٴΣѪ˴Լʮ˵ʱʥʯƼ̳ͻٵĿޱȵѪ⡣
䣡
վ
ٵĿޱȵѪʯƼ̳Ͽգͷ·һƤĤһ㣬жر¶һɫС
ɫ֮Уʹתɫ˸ϸһÿһʹ֮Уƺ̺ʹȴһɲǼߵ˾ͷ
ߵͷĲʹһã֡
ͷ·һѭһ㣬ǲɫ⣬һֱܶʼظһС
ǲɫгֵɲǣż˾ʥܱߵߣͬһʱǲɫйȥ
ָ޷ĵܿľͻ۳һ޴ޱȵ˺
һɲǣҶͷ͵һ£ͷ·ſһ㣬ҶͷƤ
ʶģҶ۾
ҶͿѪɫ⻪ʯƼֱ̳ӳ˲ɫ֮С
һĪĿֲޱȵǿϢͻظ֣ʹʹǲɫ֮Ůͷ¡
ҲһɲǣҶͨľͨƺ׵ˮݿصǱīɫĴѾ
һΣīɫľ޹ϱߵģһֻļʸ
ͨںڣϱߵƵĺɫʸһǺɫʸһۣҶľͨƵǸˮݣϢĻ˻ҽ
ڴͬʱصָ΢΢һɡ
ǵƵĺɫʸͷ·һһˮ״ܳŮ㵵֮УֱӴ°ʹˣԴʱ䱬һѪ
ŮľֵһŹγɵĹ⻪Ļи֣Ǻɫʸϵƾͷ·һ㡣
йһ䣬ֱŹӵƣֱӽŮƬ
ڵص˾ߣ˼ʸƿ͵̧ͷͿŮ걻˺һĻ
Ů걻׺ɱвɫнµʹʧȥĿ꣬ͷ·һãȻĺʧ˷һ㣬ܵľʱķת
û˼ӳֵĿ꣬еĲɫҲʼҵĲֱʧ
һĻ춯صı쳹Щ˼˾֪ĺޣЩߵĿǻ۳һۻޱȵı衣
ҲһɲǣһŮͬװĳֹͻȻӺһ̤ʯƼ̨
Ҷ鶸رȻޱȡ
ֹϵŮһԲŮһ
Ҷ濴óֹϵŮΣƺЩžɣ·ǳһ㡣
ҪǣʱĳֹʣȻ뱻ŮһģһòһԻҶΪŮδ
ųֹĳ֣лתɫеʹ⣬ͻһƺ¸Ӧ˼ӳֵĿꡣ
׷׵תųֹ
һɲǣʹ˳ֹ塣
ͬʱżû˲ɫпʼɿıȶĲɫн£ɿ˳ֹڡ
һĻҶޱȵȻЩҲ㲻ˡ
ǰ֪뱯޵ߣһĻ׷¶ɻ֮ɫ
֪һųֹķؿͷһɲǣʹٴųֹķ򵹲ΰݡ
ǵ顢ǵĺǰΰʥŮһϣ
ǵĸȾϣ˾Ҳ˱ɫ׷Ųͣղɫĳֹ϶޷ĵʿʼǿзɳ
ΨдǰŮǰ鲼۵İͷ׷˾ûвΰݣһŹֵĿղɫĳֹ
һְ׷˾ͬ鷢˷ŭţȴ̤ʯƼ̳һƻʥһĻ
һְ׷˾ȥǵͬ
Ʋ⣬ǰ׷˾ڲʱҲ˷硣
˭˸ҴʥһĪ
ǰɱʥŮķأͳֹϼ̨ĵعʱԹԵĳףҷųһ˿һϢ
ղɫгͶ´Ĳɫ⣬Щɫͷ·ˮλ֮һ㣬볤ֹʧ
ǳֹϢȴƺĿ̫
ͻȻ䣬ҶһͿ鸮СԪ鰢һֹʲô
ҶҪ߳Ǳ죬ñ¶μɲǣҶ淢ϵСͻһգͻȻ仯һ̹Ҷŵ׳˳ȥ


1299 컯֮
С
Ҷ۾ͻصɴҶ澪ޱȵķ֣СȻһ̵ĳʯƼ̨
㵽׶С˵ʲôۿûлСҶ涸سԪ鰢ŭ
ҲûʲôһССĽס
ףʲôףҶŭĿӣŲھߣ
ҶүϽɱҵģԸ޷ɱԼ
ҶɱһĿ£Ԫ鰢ϵĽˆ£һ̫ıԴѣ
̫ıԴʲôãҶ׷ʵ
˵СϢαװĸǸѾͷһȻֵ㡭ôԪָѾϼ̳С˵
˵ʵԪ鰢ָ㣬Ҷʱ淢ֲСټ
ʯƼ̳Բʮ֮ڣϢޱȵĻңһ޷ݵҶӦ޷ӦСķλ
㷢Ʈ˿
˳Ԫ鰢ָҶ溧Ȼֹ֣Ʈķ֮ǰ
һС߶̫ûġ
˵ǣеĲɫн˿˿Ĳʹ⻪ȻҲ谭ڽǶĵϡ
ҲڽСڡ
̫ıԴȻãܹԻ󣿡ҶָյĲɫʵ
󣬸ң⵽ʲô
Ԫ鰢˰죬³֣컯
컯֮
컯֮ʲôҶ׷ʵ
컯֮컯֮ΪˣȻȻ֪ˣ곣ʰʲôʲôһ㾭ˣﵽˣȻȻ֪ˣԪ鰢ӡ
컯컯֮
ҶĸоУͣŴǲɫнµĲɫ⻪Сڣƺһ޷ݵ仯
ֹı仯
˵ϢƮ˵֮ǰֹһż͵ӭչСݣôʱѿӡ
ֹΪϢûκεı仯£Ǵʹ뵼Ϣʱ򣬾ͻųһ˿ΣյϢ
ߡ˳ϡ˼˾ϵųֹķݣϰλ鲼۵˼˾۲ݡ
вɫͶµĲɫȴڱȻشʽѾβ
ʽβǰλʥŮ˾ԵĽ
֮вɫнµĹ⻪ϡҶһС֮ͻȻͻָһ˿ϵ
ʯƼ̳Χڷɿ
¡¡ľ𣬽мƷľѪյĸɸɾʯƼ̳ʼ³еĲɫвʹ⽥գտʼٵĺ£
ˣźļУ¼
һɲǣ׾ʹźļеİ
ҶٶģǸոսӽʮﷶΧʱҶһεһ㣬޷ǰֺ
ʮϢʯƼ̳ȫײʱǲεϾͳ׵ʧ
ǧ˿ʼٵź׼С
еĲɫг׵ʧǳֹС
ûûκ˫ĿС
ǧںƽʥذ
ͨ߻ãЩ˼˾峤ϿһĻɫ䡣
ʥʥŮ빬Ŀȴ˰λϵʥͻغݺݵ˴Ȩͷȡ
һɲǣеȫͣЪϰ鲼۵ʥһ࣬ӿҫ۵Ĳɫ⻪һܴɫ⻪͵ţƾ̽̽ڸ߿еĳֹ
׼󣬱
ϵУĲдİʦȴ֮У˼临ӵĶ
ʦֲڼе׵˵ΧŸÿ˵У׳ʮ̡
ǧĿ£׼ȷޱȵ˺ףȫصɲǣһеϢ
ʱҶȻ֣һλʦʥܱߡ
Ҷע£һλʦͻȻһƵ̵ԼظҪ֮һһû顣
ûɲǣǵľѪꡢȫһıȼ
ͬһʱ̣ǽµ󷨽ڵ㱬ĿޱȵĹ⻪·һڶһ㣬һλʦѪꡢȼĿֲȫ
·ʼڣֲޱȵϢʥܱ
ոջŹȵϵĵʥͻԲ˫Ŀ龪ֵĿ
Ҳһɲǣޱȵɫ⻪شʥܱȻ·һ˷
һʦľѪ꣬дǰõƷʯһɲǣʦֲõĴȫ
Ҷ𾪵ĿУҶۿһΪߴͨ񾳾۷˾ɫ⻪ǰϢĻΪУ
ͷ·Ĩɱһ㣡
ͨ񾳣Ϊߴ峤ϣɫ⻪ĳ£ҲҺŻһŻҽ
ЩΪϢΪֲ鲼۵ʥҲ⡣
ǲҺţɫ⻪ĺ£ȼ档
Ψһ𣬾ǻΪҽٶȣЩ峤ϡ˾Ҫˡ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷͫ˼¡
ǸŶʮĺ棬ǵɫ⻪Ҷ˾۽ɨ
֮ǧ׵ĺˮ˲һɶ


1300 Ϲħ
Ǻɨһеɫ⻪źĵ˳ɲǣǰʦµǧͬʱ޺⡣
޺ɿ֯ͳһ͸õĽ硣
Ҷ۾صɴɫ⻪ȻֱӴǧ̹ɵ͸磬˲˼ǣǿԽǿɻɻҽɫ⻪ҶǣȻ
ͷ·߲Ǵͬһռ֮һ㣬ĺ
ҶԵ۾صɴ󣬡ϾȻޱȵ󷨴ڣ
ɲǣɫ⻪ǧ鹹ɻ̣׷ըƬ
ƿصӿһ˿Ѫߣụ̋ʱЩ졣
׻֮һͻϷصޱȵʹϧ
ɫ⻪ɲǣһֱƾųֹͻط·ܵһ㣬βܿƵĴе䡣
عس𣬽ס˫Ŀյĳֹ
ڴͬʱع˫׳һ˸ƹ⻪ľ޴ۡ
ۣߣ
ǧһѷһĵ˷ۣҶѾʲõָ
鱬ħ׼
׼
ʯͶţ
ҶôҲû뵽Ƚйķʱϵġ
еһУ·ޱȵļƻ벽裬ƺһжһμƻߵƿ֮С
һǧ鱬ħʮͬʱ˿ֲļХڷգܼޱȵı鱬ħʸ
ɱЩ׷ɱҴߡ
۵ٶ˲Ϣ˼¡
ֹûţռ˾ǼҲûţѸָҩ۱Ƿ·ɳһ˳ȥ
ڷۺ󷽲һɫ޵ϡ
Щŭ׷ߣֻһڣһͷա
Ҷ澪ǣȻ޷ɸɫҩɵϡ
״ҶԱߵĹһƺЩɡ
Ҷѹ죬عͻؾͷԭͼϸɤüޱȣ٣٣
ˣе֮ڣ죬۱һֲϢˣ
ʶģҶ潫ְ˷۵һ󷨽ڵϣڵһеȫ˽ȥ
Ĺ⻪رôޱȣ۷һظٶȶر֮ǰʮ࣡
ٶ֮£ӹ֮ȻĦһ⡣
һãһ޴ޱȵӰж֣˲ϢָӰ
Ⱥȵ⣬Ȼ׵Ͷħ壡ֻ޽Ϲħ˶̵ʱϹħ񣡡
ãֻǹϹħķͶӰޱȽŵ˵
Ѳ˾һ鱨ĸȻûзҪ鱨Ԥ󣬸ԸعǽʵϹħӰ
Ȼô©ȱ¼ȥһְƤޱȵĺȵ
ܻܲŻȥ⣡죬İ취عޱȣϢ֮ڣ۱ض
ҪǣǾԲܳŵϢòʮϢʱ䣬ǰϹħķͶӰͻ᳹׵Ļǵۣ˵
صޱȵļɣϷٿʮϢʱ䣬ңϷͶӰϹӣ
˵ţؾѾǰһɱʥŮīɫȡ˳һδϳȴһɢѪϢѪɫ
Ѫʸ㶼ˣ̫ˣδ˼ҪǶǾоˣϲ

ѪʸÿһҪǧʱ䣡һΣһ׼Ҵ˵
ĿһϲĻӦܹȡ㹻ʱ䣡
ãͿˣϷһγţûԣҪϷˣôϷǰǣȱʰǣԼȻɱѪɺӣЦУٴīɫѪɫ
а飡
׵ŭѪɫʸһϹħķͶӰ
ͬһɲǣվڷʦѪ磬ԿѪлаķơ
ɲǼ䣬ۿɼĸֺɫɫѪɫɫȵؼĸϢһĻǸѪɫʸ
˲ϢǸѪɫʸһǧ׵Ĺ
ͬһɲǣͻһ̤֮ʣͷɳһɫ飬ɫ⻪
ɫ⻪ɳɲǣԭǳ⻪ͻһǳʹͶ
ռ˾Ǽͬʱǰһһǹ⣬ʼɿĽ֯
ǹ֮֯Уһ貵ǹڷĻչ


1301 ħս
ʱ䣡
Ҫʱ䣡ɫ֯ǹеĸŭҪǰȡʱ䣬ʮϢʮϢ
٣ۼ٣۸ѴＫ£عϸɤ·һ㴩ҶĶĤ
֮ϣ˲Ϣûޱȣ˶˶ڶҶ濴Чʲ˼㡣
죡
ӱ죡ˣֹͣ۵룬ֹͣ״Ҷһŭ
Ҷµǵعһλ̫࣬ҪڲٿأѹҶ
һʯ߿Ʒʯ·һ㡣
״Ҷŭֱ˹ȥӰɣһΪߴͨ񾳵̫౻Ҷ߷ɡ
ҶУξʲô̫޺ĵعҶŭ
ҵģ
ҵҶŵع
عһƺû뵽Ҷ澹ȻҺһɲǣعϸɤ
ҶУξģȫҶУξ
ýһ֧ѪʸؼʱãҶ濴Ÿոսڶ֧ѪʸϾ޹ķ˵
óѪʸȷʵӳ£һȥͽǸո۳ϹħͶӰȥ֮һ
ǣֻ֧ѪʸƲϹħͶӰ
٣ϹħͶӰľ룡Ҷ鱬ħ׼׼
ٽٽٽһ㣡
ϹħͶӰɿĽӽֳܹߣһ£ʱͱþޱȡ
ָڡȼ⡢˼ǴһܵҶǰʲô
𣿡
ҲҪһ𣡡
ϼ٣Ǽ٣عָȨһ䣬ָŭġ

Ҷһȭ俪סߵָڣĶԽԽϹħͶӰĻͲҪң
ƽٿٽԴָڡ˶亹ͷ
ϹħͶӰľ޴ӰۻʮʱһֱݵĿֲϢ̩ɽѹһϮ
ҶһݣҶ֪ٲˣϵĻٽµûױħ˵
䣡
Ӧʶķֳ鱬ħͬʱɿָٿݺݵĽ߾ٵĺ䷢Ļϡ
ݣ
ƿɲǼһƬϹħͶӰٶȼ죬ۿĽٶ£ӭײ֧鱬ħ󣬻ǿֲϱߡ
ʸֲռ˾ӳֹģһԺɱͨ񾳾۷ʸ
ʮֲ֧һǧ֧鱬ħʸͬһռ䱬ǲӦҶ޷ġ
죬ʱͱ鱬ħĹ⻪ǣʮǰĹ⻪ʮִĿ
ʮ֧˵
ԶдһŭƺҶĸӦУϹħͶӰϢڼٵ˥š
٣ȫ٣ȡʱ䣡Ҷٴ
Ҷһһ٣ǰ۵̫ûӦعٴ𣬡ŸʲôҶУξģҶУξָӣ
ؿԶĿⶸһҶ˴Ĵָã̫ˣҶУξһֻϷһ֧ѪʸԲһ˿ѡ
ҶУξָӣȫҶУξָӣ
ȷ꣬ҶѾʮʸָ
ͬʱһ㣬ЩѺõʵʲô
ӳ֣ʸȫռ˾ӳֹģΪǼӳָӡӦøǿǵ죡
Ÿʲô˵һ߶ɫĸҲżŭ
ڸĴߴ£ָЩεķɿӳӡֹػɬɿɡ
ʮϢ֮еϹħͶӰͼ׷ôª⣬ȻܹҵͶӰҾˣǸѾͷ˵꣬ҪһһڵĽ̵
аĺУޱߵаĵ׷ܶվβ˫ȶĲ
ħ֮սϹħ洣Ϲħ֮УսĳƺţΪս˵սҲޱȵǿ
ȱķӰֻһƣܹǣ鱨׷ʵɿϹħ洣ŭ߳
׼Ҷ⿴һ۷ء
һϢվֳ鱬ħ֮С
鱬ħ׼׼
һɲǣҶһŭһǧ֧鱬ħʸʮ֧ʸͬʱ
ߣ
ͶӰطһмߣѾεľ͵һţһ
ޱȿֲеԪ鱬ħʸʸеƲʣͳͳһȥ
˳Ҳܵ˿ֲĪĲ
Ҷɱбƣˣָڡ˵飬ȫþޱȡ
ͣ
˵ĶдһѪɫֱӴϷͶӰԺ洵ķҵ˸
ƺʧȥĳԼ֮ոձ֧鱬ħĹ⻪ͬʱ洵Ŀб
洵ͶӰĹ⻪ʱ˼£ǰδе
ٶҲɱȥ
ģյడ
ҲŹǣҵͶӰҵıԴϢһŹǡ
洵У۷ɿ洵ͶӰ˾롣
Ϲжʱ䣡
ϣ
һŭ𣬽ɫıԴѪһһڵĿɫ飬𵴵ǹзɿȶ
ˣ
죬촩ţԽʱϹŲ󣡡ɫ԰׵ĸߺ
٣
Ҷһ£۷ɿǹ˸ųȥ
ӽţ۵ٶԽǴֻɳ̲һ㣬Ϊ
ǳܼ֮Իһ䣬۰̽ţҲ
ûŵʱˣʦֻռ˾ȫ
ƺһ½ǳͨ
˻ɲǣɭͻǳĹ½ͨ쳹
ߣһǣҵıԴӣΣ洵ǳͨҵ
ģţһϹħԺ䡭
ȸأ¡¡һһֻɫδ͵̽ǳͨڣ۵β
βʱ֧飬۽βҺʧǳͨڣΪ͵ģɲǼͱǳ˺Ƭ״˶ֵķ׷׺ˡ
˵Ӳ˵ģ
һǰɫδ͵һ̽˳ֹڵķ


1302 Сջ
Ϲħ洵ͶӰ·ֹϢһ㣬ǰɫδ׼ȷޱȵץ˳ֹڵķ
ع¶˾Ȼޱȵ飬һһɫбǧ׳ĵ⣬ݺݵնδ֣һͬȥģϰٳֹ̣
ЩƽصСµ̣ʱһȼԼľѪ꣬Ĵ߶ǵĻδ֣еųֹǷɶ˻һ㣬Ϊֹȡſܵʱ䡣
ǣ洵ͶӰֲ̫ˣֱ˵عϰ̵ֱײץأԱĿ˯ĳֹ
δһײعĵط飬ͿѪɳۣЩͨ񾳵̫࣬ξֵײ£׷ױһŵѪ
ҶУξعʧǳͨڵɲǣҶЪ˹
ôѵһɵعͻرޱȣôǿѵƿգֱӽһʶ
ߣ˵Ǽŭңŭˣ洵ĴЦͨ쳹
洵δģ۾ҵϵʦ˾ϵȥʧ֮ͨС
Ҷ۾ɳ˹ԲҲЩãȻֻҵ£Ҳ֪Ӧΰ졣
Ϲƴɣ
ųֹδ֣ͻزЦһͷһŵҩʱĿķƶش𣬷صΪϢۿɼٶȷ
ɢϢ˲Ϣϡ
Ҳƺһ̷ֱһɫҩϢҲͬһ㣬˱ɲɫɲǣϢҲϣ
˵ΪϢԭҶδ֪ǿĻĽʱϢɱɱսҲǷ
Ҷɫǻסһ־ʮƿҩۣҧָмһһޱȵӡһĺδ֡
㻹˵ƴδֹٶȱޱȡ
ۣڷٵĽӽͨľͷ
뷮صĲĹݺݵĺδϱߣľѣÿʱÿ̶˵ǹƵķۣʧ֮ͨС
ͻȻ䣬ҶͬʱˣȻͬʱӱķ۱Ե׹䡣
˵ʱͱþޱȣܵĳҶ
תҶǣʶһٱ޾ʹҶָ̽סˡ
޷ݵ˺֮ٱϴСҶŭ
ٱ޶̹䣬Ҷٱ޻ק˶ѵۡ
ڶ˼̤۵ɲǣҶ汳Ϯ
øҪĻӣǣӣӣҶ滳Ľ߰ĭĽŭ
ȻŭҲֻҶһü
Ҷ岻ĵۣתɲǣҶ濴װָڡ
ţվҶǼָڣҶ׹䣬Ȼװ۽ǵϲ⣬ǳ
ով۵ͬʱʶľҪȥקٱޣҶ
ͷҶԺһֿܶظҶԺС
ҶҪСĸܾˡ
˼С֮һûС
ңޱȵʱָ̣ڰһΣ޳ܵļһпܾͻֵڶΡ
ҶҶ桢㡢ȫҪ
亦죬Ҷ滹Լƴһѡ
Ҷ濴ⴿǳɵͨУЩΪµǣһ˲ͱǳ˺Ƭ
ΪǿĵعһЩΪǿ׹ͨǼʦǴʦֻʧͨУûȥ
Ҳ˵ҶͨУŻĻġ
תҶһߣСٱʱջء
˸յһ㵣ͬʱҶУξ
ָһĻȴ¶顣
ҲҶ۵һɲǣ۵ͷڴͨľͷһɲǼʮķͬʱһɡ
ֻҪ뿪ƬϹħǳͨǾͰȫˣ
۽ʣµİȫ̽ͨͷеɲǣͨжشһŭĺ
Ǻɫξַ˳ֱֹĹ뷮أһģ
飡
ͨۺȻ顣
ϱ߲дʦ˾׷ױķ𣬰뷮ڡ
ĵĽǶȲ۴Ѿ̽ͨͷУǶͨͷС
Ψг˯ĳֹΪĸ̫౻һУֹһľͷ׮һ£׹ǳͨ
뷮صͨһңң
ʱҶǱޱȵӦſռͨڵ˺֮
޴ڵǳ⣬Ҷ飬ҶĺһһѪ˿ڡ
õҶĴ߶ڵĺˮϵۺڼףֿǹ˺֮
ͻȻ䣬ҶĿһͿֹͨϷ䡣
ʶģҶһץ˳ֹȻı˽˫Ŀĳֹ
˫ȥɲǣҶȴ͵һһ˻
µļ־Ҷ潫˺ֵĳֹק˹ı˻
ͨڵǳǹҲֹ飬ǣҶƷǿȵĺ壬ǳ˿Щطɼǡ
ֹȴûһ˿һ˺ۡ
״ɰļǳи£ûκεı仯
ˣҶ滹֣ųֹһ˿ҵĽЩǳ˺ƺΪ
Ҷ治֪Ϊʲôʮа˾ţ˴εʥŮУǱֹյڵĲɫ⣬á
ųֹҶ壬׹޵׶һ㣬һ·׹䣬ôҲͷ
һɲǣǶꡣ
֪Ŀǰһʲôҵ³ΣҶʶĳԪʵ
ռͨ
Ϊǿռ䵼ǿбϣ׹˿ռ֮ͨСҶүǲռͨºϵǳ֮ԭʼĿռ֮ͳƬ˵
˼˵ǲඣҶʵ
ֻҪү̫뿪ռ֮ͨ䣬ǲģ˵
ʲô˼˵׵㣿Ҷȵ
жϿռ䵼׹ռ֮ͨǺпܴ֮ǰǸռ䵼ϵκһռڵ׹
ǣǸռ䵼Ŀռڵ㣬˵׼ˣ
磬ĳſֲڵС磬ǻǺõģռڵѾݻٻԭʼռĵط
ǳֵطһǾͻữޣⱲӣҲͳ׳ڻռ˵ĻӣӼĻӰ󶸵س̾һ
ף˵ˣ飬ĿԼССͻ
һľͷļһʲôм˵
СҲЩҶҲЩɻ
СһƺЩᵽ󣬾ͻȻԺð˳ˣ֮ǰں崫ʱĲɫʱҵУӿϢûűҵ꣡
Ԫ鰢һ£ͻؾʲô㾹Ȼһ̫ŴеϢôûűľͷԴ
ݣ
ٱ˲شҶ滳ͷĺĽ߰
Ľ߰ĲҺУͨһӴޱȵֱӽҶͨһտȻĹ㣡


1303 
ɽΧɽڵϹŲǰոյ˫˫̱ڵ棬ʧ
ͷҶǣǺܸж
жǵģȴҶʱҶջٱֹǾԮĶ
ǶǴˣҶһٶĿġ
ǸҹӸ磬ֵ֮ܽڶֵ֮࣬䣬СǹĶǵģ壡
죬ȴиֵ֮ܵ飬ֵ֮壡
ոոܵɲǣҶʧ˿ռ֮ͨС
㣬˵ҶУξûпܻĶϹŲƺֱǿռ֮ͨһ㡣
ģһģ
Ȼ֪ûϣ㻹ԼԼһ϶ĵͷ
㲻ɵΪԼ۵İɣͻѹʵ
һ鶸رޱȡ
£ܾôˡУ֮Ľת꽻
ͬϹŲĸ뷮شʱήڵأɫ԰׵ˣ飬ȴ޷ݡ
ɥĸݶƺ
ô׼ô꣬ۿžҪɹˣֹȴʧ˿ռ֮ͨڣһʹϧѲ˾彨ǹħ£Ȼûȥ֮ϷһҪǵƤ
Ϲ֮ӦǷѰҳֹ䣡غ˵
һ䣬ƺʲô͵ͷûʥŮ컯мȻѾɣôֹֻҪ̫ܹ뿪ǿռͨ
ڣӦ취ѾȽӦֹ£
һɲǣһΧǧ˵Ĳо͵ߣлתأνӦ
ǣػϹŲ¼ǼҲһ뿪ɣȻϹħ洵׷ɱѾͨͷλãò˶ãͻɱģ
˵ţΡΡٴ̤ϹŲ
æȥס巢ĸһźһСʵϣȻܹ붯ϹħͶӰΪʲôֻأ
ϼλ˾ϼλʦʰϹħ洵ͶӰӦûκɣ
˵սڹսһλҲɣ
⣬øĶһۣ֮󣬲Ŵ֣
֣ŪΪΣһԵķؿȴˣһֻĿǽ͵廹ħ壬ŸӦ鱦
һħ̤ԷĵЩԸӦ鱦޷ӦģЩܹǿ̤Էĵ鱦ʱͻʾ
٣ʱûɣһħսʱ򣬱˵ܻܲŻ⣡
׷ף鱨⣡һҧгݵӣ֪Ѿ޽˹Ϲħôǰһ֧ڲɱŻƻɢǵעͿɽ˭֪
ֱţĶУϹŲ⻪𣬽ǧо˲ʧϢ١
뿪Լʱ֮λ˾߾ʹɽֱӺ˹ٳĶߡ
һŭ֮˲֪áޱϹŲͱ˾ҳϡá

Ҷоǻ˺֮ʧһʯһӸ߿׹һ㣬ֱֱĸо
ҵģеĳֹɢһĪ֮Ҷ滹ܳȥ
Ҳ죬ҲôһɲǣҶͻظоǰһ⡢ͬʱǰ
ʹĻ˻ԴҶ޷׵ͬʱҶԺС
ҡεУҶод۽ʶģҶͺһС
СͨҶ棬Ҷһͺȣʱʹ˴Ҷǵ˳ֹǳĽϡ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷ;ȵĿڻĳֹ۾գգˣ˳һ񣬾뿪ҶĻ
㡭ˣҶͰ͵˵
ֹɺ˵ҶУξ㡭ȴ·

ҶæҵһʿҶĳֹɿȡһ׼ȴޱƯĳȹϣҶüͷ
Ǽ̫ˣҶ潫һŮװݸ˳ֹ
ҶҲָ֪ŮװӦηɰ׵İɣ
һˣҶͻȻʦηɰĴ½粻㣬֪ںΣ
΢΢һ·ᣬֹ΢΢üŮ˵ζ˴ģ
Ҷ濴ΪߵĶԶԶΧ۵ȺΪٵԷЦʮа˾뿪˴ܵ۹İͼħĵͼҲĳС磬СһЩɣ
ųֹ˳ӵĴǼͨηɰ״Ľʿһֹ룬ֲʶôĻ
ǣĸ֣治˵ģ
ʿֹǰ˵չ¶ɣңҶһηֹ֣ģȻϣֱħʯ
ųʱΪΣҶ涼ûü۲졣
Ҷӳһ·
ֹԹԵϣȻĿ⿴Ҷ棬ҶУξ䲻֪ηŵľΪ㡭˵ֹĬλתȫƾҶУξˣ
û⣬һ£𣬹һҪסһ£ҪٳƺΪҶУξҲΪ£ɣ¶ݣҶ˵
ҶĿע£ֹлĸĿڣˣ⣬Ҷ
Ҷ棬Ҷ綼ԣҶ˵
õģǱҲƺ࣬Ҳãֹ˵
ࣿҶ΢΢һ͵Ǹߣǿ뿪
ųֹޱȵĸԸҶգûаסĵ׵ɻתʵ࣬ѵͲ֮ǰʲôΪʲôһơ㲻ص֮ʰɣ
ֹյͨ죬͵͵Ĵȥʵ֮ǰȻã緢ı仯ȴȫһ
֪ȵң֪ҵ·Ǳռģһ֪֮Ե䣬ǱǰﲻҪ޳С˸ģ
һᵽֹϵĺζɢȥɷ
ܸ࣬ܲңΪʲôһ˴ԹҶͻʵ
ֹҧҧӣԳĬشҶ棬ȻԸ¡
Ȼ㲻Ը˵Ǿߡ
û˵꣬Ҷ濴ŴԶ۽λرͻȻ͵˻һ࣬鷳ˣ


1304 һС
ĳħ¿ħʳħЩ߲һľħ嶼Ϊ͵ȵħ壬õġ
˾۹ħ壬ֹ˵˵ҶһһģҪСĵģͷǸѾģħ塣
ֹĪһֱ˵Ǽһı壬һֻޱײеıȣļλħ壬ҲȽһֻħ
ָЩԸİħĳֹҶ龪ʵ࣬δôϵ˶ħ壿
ΪʡŮѧʶҲ֮أħķ࣬ɺĵΣֹ˵
ͻȻ䣬Ҷ滳Сè̽Դһ̽ģһͷҶүʵҪҵĻϵõħ壬ԱС椶࣡
СҪҪһȱȰĽ߰ͻ˵
óֹ߰һһ̽ͽҶ滳Сè±˻ֱӽԪ鰢Ĵ
ô˧ɰСߣ㾹ȻңȥֻǻѵڵӶ۲ʶɡ
ҶǴֱĽĽ߰˻ȻĿ⿴˳ֹһңܷʲô£ңҾͺã
ţֹصĵ˵ͷ
ͷֻΪεıȵԴͻشαıǳųɫԴһߣһ߳Ҷ볤ֹ
ūǵūӡǣߣھͱǳԵ
ںıȵĿȴĶҶĳֹ
ȻǱֹ
Ҷһ£ŷӦı˵Ļߵ˼
ںĴ½ϣܵ۹Լռ֮½أʣµ֮һ½أ뱻ħͳΣһС֣һЩȽϿֲ˸Ľء
ֵһ˵ǣħͳεĵϣҲܳ
ħáϲõūħͼħҪϲ֪ٱĳЩħϲʳĳЩϲʳѪҺħ壬ǽ嵱ȦΪѪǶԣ
ԣͳεĵϣħ˺򣬵ħĵϣȴܳ
ħԣǵĶĸ
ңħͳεĵϣһЩеλ壬ǣһĶĳЩǿħĹǹܼңȴѲūݡ
ҲǰֻıһͽҶūҶʾūӡǵĸԭ
Ҫǣ֮ǿʳĳЩʱ򻹻һα£ħ֮ǿʳȴǳġ
ǰֻıڲ鿴Ҷ볤ֹӡ֮󣬷еҶ볤ֹū˵ʵĻͻԥĽūԼ¡
֮ҶĴʱѾյ˼㡣
ȻСܵϿĻҽĳֹҶһ㣬ΧЩֲħ壬Ҳһ
˵
˵еĳԵŮġŮģٺ١ıȻͷһڶħ壬ĹЦ
֮Ҷͻرޱȡ
ıȷŭ֮ǰҶǰָıȵıĭӳıӹԶԶģĴڣǵģĻ͸ӹԶ
ӣӣϽүԶжԶԶָűӵĸо̫ˬˣĽ߰·һ㣬ֱԾҶԴŶС֫Ҳı
һһ˵ŵĿˮһıȻ˻ԴЩ¡
ûмŵūǰҼһλħūܼң˵ʱҲû˵Ź
̬ȣȴĽסˡ
ȻҶųֹ뿪
ڣˣЩħȻκ
ǣֻıȽһЩħ飬ͺˡ
ͬΪħ壬Щħ˼ײˣ챻һССūסµЩħҲС֮ġ
ΥѱӲ˵ŪЩħͻȡ֮ġ
˵ܱЩͼľħūĿ⣬ɫһ󷢺ڣֻıȶ
ūһūȻҳһԸ˭㣡
ϣҪǱūŮūҪڸڸıָħ
ϣԸֻħĳһ񣬶һڴ뿪Ҷ볤ֹ
СģҲ֪ģħոһֹ͵ʾ
ħħ֮еս֮һֳߣսҲǿȻֻڵΪħǿսͨ񾳵ߣҲսƽ
ߣвģһˣǵľ壬ȫҪ𣡡
ͣ
һɭɫĻ涸شҶָɳħĳϵɲǣͺرȼ
׻
ôôʱҶĸ׻ڴɣҲȫĳܸ׻ʩչˡ
׻Ʒ𣬱˵ͨմ϶ֲ˺á
ħ³֪ҽУɿĻ˻ҽ
Ҫǣ׻Ȼܹꡣ
ħڸ׻ķ£Һо
ıЩɵֻıµħǼͷԲ̫õħ壬ħĲҺУ׷ȥԮ
Щħ𾪵鶸طˡ
ЩȥԮħħ壬һɭɫĻ棬ǻʱһմǵ壬ķǵ
ԭֻմһָСһƸ׻𣬵Щ׻ڷǵУǵѪΪ䣬ɿ׳ţ䣬ɭɫĻЩҺħ塣
ҪǣǼԮħմȾĸ׻ǳСԲһӱġ
׻յĹޱȵʹ࣬Щħһ˵ħǰȡ
һеǺץˡ
λıħͷƤһĻˡ
մȾ׻ħĴȣЩħ屻ץһ£ʱմȾǿֲɭɫ棡
˲ĻЩմȾħɿ׳ţմȾ׻ħֲҽŰħȡ
һ㣬ıǰѾһƬɭɫĻ𺣣ϰλħɭɫĻҽУɿĻɻҽ
ıȾֵǣмմȾǿֲɭɫħȻײײȡ
ıȵļħɷ飬·ܿһˡ
ֵǣ˱ɱɭɫĻڵȼգ϶һһҽĴӡ
ɿԶɭɫĻ棬̧ͷʱıȾͷŭֵķ֣ħħѾһ룡
ֺģǸūһ
ʵҶ汾ˣҲû뵽׻Ȼ˿ֲ
Ҷ֪׻Ѳֲܿɱˣû뵽Ȼֲˣ
ֻǹֻħȴһСķɱڳħ塣
һСİ
Ҷ澪֮࣬Ȼû⵽ıȵĶ

ս˭ūⶼսѾսˣţıȷһ㽫һðͷա
ʱ죡
ð桢նӳɲɫͷֹص˼㣬Ҷ磬£鷳ˣ


1305 Ը
ɫͷը̺ħطӳֵĴħϢʱʹɢ
Բڵħ塢ūһɲȫӦϢ̧ͷա
һۣЩȾֵĸɫħͷ໵Ŀħӿųͷĵط
еһؿ񱼣еرǵ׸£ǰȥһǽ׵ľ롣
еħ屳һָͣĺɫߺɫųͷ˸ĵط
вϸһ׳ͷľħҪСֳеӰħܱһ˸ֱԭʧ
ħɿľ۽ͷ˸ĵطЩɫͷūҲũߣõ󹭣ڷ·һľħĺ߳£ɿľ۽ͷ˸ĵط
ǸɫͷãǴܵսѪʮƣпսѪˣ棬̵ʱڼᵽָص㡣
ǴܵսѪһֻݿݵʱãսѪһܾڼƣ
ħߣĿܾħСеֹٶȸҶһ䡣
ץģ׽ūҪū͵ǱˣӶ
ūʲôʱħūҲҶˣۣˣһҪۣı
׽ǵģħʵѡһţūһŮūһ٣ţıȵ˸߶͡
Ҫ׽ǣ˷Χħ壬ҶͻЦһָɣһɭɫĸ׻ǵ֮һ˷
ҶͻȻ֣⸽׻Ⱥսĺ⣬ڶԸЩں֮ûκ֯ħ塣
ԸԷİҶ潫⸽׻󻯡
ãҪһϢһõĿ꣡˵ţҶıȡ
ֹһʶһҶ棬ƺֻصΪɣһλͿԷָǿͨ񾳵ıȣ
ΪʱʵǸŶѣ
ħıǰҶĸ׻ŵˣʱҶˣԡ
أĳЩﱾһ㣬ħŰǿıʶ
ɿ³ɬڣеԪͻȻ;ҵĲһļޱȵϢɡ
Сģʩչķɱֹ괫̵ʱҶ档
ҶЩĻͷ˳ֹһۣڷһ㳤ֹĹŹˡ
ǰıȸոԪողֹȻ֪ıȵֶΡ
ûģ
ҶһЦɲǣĽް״ĺ鱦ʹҶԺһɫͺХıȡ
ıȷһֵļУǰɫ׹ɢϢһַԹĿ־塣
ıȾֵĿУҶа׷·۾һ㣬йıϡ
ⱻа׺ƣֲа׺£ı޷άΡ
ֳǿȥֶı
ȻħޱȵǿҶа׵ĺ£ıȵֱۣ̼֮һ̼
ҪǣаǶеκıԴ׺䣬ֱ˻״̬
״̬£ҶԿɱֻıϰٴΡ
꽣ҶҪһֻı֮ʣ꽣ͻȻͣıȵľ
Ҷģɱֻıȣǲ̫̫˷ˣ
Ҷز£ǰֻıǡһħС
ҶģŪãֻıȿϲá
ħҪƷеͽħ壬Ǿ͸Դˮûʲô
õİ취ǰεƿУõķƿ꣬дӡ
ԶҶ浯ĸ׻ЩΪһħҽǵĸǰЩū
ЩūãȻǰһУȴǵͷĿǵľħ
Ļͷſ꣬ȻԹԵңҶתı
ոѹıȰܣǸ߹ħ壬ôһūū㻹ɱҰɣ
ܺãħʩչѻûκθҶЦһ겨𣬾Ҫıѻꡣ
ҪԸãţԶҪıڵһʱˡ
ǿĴڣҪôϣ˵ɣֻҪܹһȥʲôԸħ޳Ǿġ
׷ſ꣬Ҫκηͷ
ãһģһģıȴӦĺʹ졣
ֹʱҶ磬Ҫֻıȣ
ıħ֮УȻħеĻ壬Ҳڸ߼ħ壬ԲٿУҲΪǿͨÿūħ֮еСࡣ
ҪǣһҪСģñøֶ񶾷ãֹ˵
ԣıȵײħǿߣϲ׷ǿĴڣѾˣǰλǿĴڣѾ׵ķˣ
Ϊ˻ûȥĻᣬΪ˻Σһ㣡պ󣬻ȡһλūͣţλȽϸ֮һ֮µūͣ
ⷬ˵컨׹Ҷüѡ
ǿķţ½õģӦñȽϴªʩչҲȽ鷳
귨ⷽ棬ɻ治ֹԣıһ壬ͨò
һСģãǾҪԴˡ
ҶıͻȻ̾ϧһǿĴڣѵẦһ²
ɵÿ㣬ҷŷὫҵмὫһ·ħм
Ǳǿūħ嶯֣ǿɾ鷳ˣ
ˣ㲻ĺһ²ɣ˵ţıȾЦ
Ц꣬һӰʹҶ滳˳ֱȥıһıȷ˺
ӣӣȻЦҵˡүĴү治֪ôд
ӣӣүҽ첻㣡Ԫ鰢š
ϧԪ鱾󣬶Ƥı첻ɶ˺ͷ߶תŭǻæ
һϣŽֵܣҽĵһ
Ҷ볤ֹĿУСèŴҶ滳̽ıȡ
һ죡
ֲžžм仹ŹıȲҽ
ǻյյҶҴүҪӣ˻ҪŮħͷ֡
˵˭ŮħͷС쳹ǧٱżͷĳĽ߰
СҲǹ
һ߰飬Ľ߰һСèüŪۣⲻŮħͷʲô
Сٴμ⺿һɤӣٱ޸ͬһ¡
һĻֹеˣҶ磬⼸Ը񣡡
֪ν͵ҶεӣȷʵԸ񡣡
ĪǹСһıŭˣֱ˺֣޴أҽεҶ
ҶҲǷ˰ˣǻð
ǣүģһΪ㣬ղ˵ƣͻȻ˵㶫
ԣҶɫһ䣬æһץͬʱ밢ɿ꽻


1306 
ܿģһƪǺܸӵµķҶ鸮кüطҶ濴ףԪ鰢͡
ȷãᱻǸһãɿ쿴֮ҶЩĵʵ
үģͷİɣĽ߰һͷǣȻĿķȴԴɿûĿķ
˵ССħ壬Щ컯֮ħ񣬶޷ǣ
ͷðɣ
ǲΪСǣһΪүҵǰ;ˣһʯͷһݼŵӣҲˣ˵󣬰Ѿһµӡ
˵ô࣬ʵҶԪ꽻ٶȣʱҲ͹˼Ϣѡ
ˣСèʰͺһҶٶƿıȵĶͷһһȭͷСѪ
ʮָɣӿȭͷСѪҶɿľͷ˿СһѪ˿ϸ۲ĻͻᷢѪϱ޷ķơ
ſ꣬Ҫ
ͺһҶһʹ߶ǣطһĪǸѪ˿֮ɢ
Ӧƿֲı䣬ļУδйһֿƵķš
δ֪ǿ־塣
־֮£ıʶķ߶
ţȻϣȻ⣡Ҷһ
׺ӣϣֻҪ귴ǣҲܹԪ鰢ٴ
ıȵ鶸رޱȵľ֣¡¡Ѿ쳹
ɫ׹й˱סıϣ·𷢷һҵĳ鴤
ڣ
ǣ꣡
һɹǸѪ֮ɢʶıȣͻػ£챾Դʹ࣬׶Ť
Ѫǣ֮£һ⻪ıȶͷɳ߻һǳģıȵӰӡ
챾Դɡ
һ챾Դ걻ɿǣѪ֮УȻҶٴһǣꡣ
ǣط߶£عƲķӡѪ֮ϣҶһѪ߾ͱҶս鸮֮еĳ䣬ϸĻ
ҶȴĸӦѪߣͨѪߣĸӦıĿǰ״
ħնȷʵͬһ㣬͸ǣҶ淢֣ıȵƣûбôء
ħ̺ӴѾֱ̼ۿʼ
ͬʱҲ֪ıȵ֣С
Ϊеͼħ壬ûյģ֣ҲڳͻȻŻõġ
ıȒʹһǴӷǴ׻֮лָ˹
Ҹоƺûʲô£ǿҶ˿ֵֹĿ⣬ܵľģһʲô¡
ҶŵѪʧˣ
ʲô
ӦıȒģҶǵЦ
һɲǣıȾޱʹĲҽǲҽȷСèҶҪϰٱ
һ˺ѷε޷ݵʹ࣡
ͨطıȒֵļҵ꣬⣬ⲻܡ
ˣ
дүүҴүĽ߰̽һųªԴ
ҶĽԪ鰢Դ˻ıȒƺһʱ֮仹ûӦûӦĺĲҽУ˺ѷεĲҽС
һ֮󣬲Ҷߴ٣ѪıȒŹҶԡ
ˣ
ӽģҵˣҵһУҷģıȒʱ޲ý񶾵ġ
ȻѾǣƿҶ棬ǲҪЩġ
ðɣٶȣޣһӣȶأûзͻû֮ǰһ㣬Ҫһжظƽ𣿡Ҷȵ
ıٶӦҶ·˴ָĵҩһأǿָΡ
һ׻㻪ΣɤӣıȺġҽеūħ
Ҷָ΢΢һգϵջЩŰĸ׻
ʱҶŷֹ֣Ŀ֡
Ҷ磬ĿǰϡŹֵһˣǳߣǸСӦöķɣ
һ˵ķΪͬ·б仯ǸԣԲرĲֹ࣡˵
ҶЩΡ
ʵӷܱȫħʱҶʶֹܻһ׸
Ҷһˣ˵ģħ˧ǿ˾ħ壬ԷſħߣսѪҲôѾΣա
ǼһֹͱȽ鷳ˡ
ħɰ
ΣҶǾԲὫħ˧¶ڳֹǰģҶԸ⽫ֹɱڡ
飬ϲܣ
ҶԸٴθͷĻһȥܻ죬ܱ֤ܲӹԪ䡣
Ϊɣսδսһնɱ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣֹʱҶЩǳֹҶָһصܵĻܾɷַӿԸҶϰٴΡ
ΪֹӪУξҶĻ嶼ǿˣ
Ҳǣȷʵе֣ÿˣһЩܣԸ֪ܣ𣿡Ҷ˵
Ҷ³ƺΪ¡ֹһ£ƺЩ񣬡ûÿˣЩĵסֻԸԻζȴԸ֪ܡ
ֹƺпʱҶȴûʱע飬ǹעոյħūıȒ
غҶħصİȫ
ò˵ħĺʱ޷ݣ
ΪħıȒߵģܿľͽΧ۵Щħ廹ū۽һ
ıȷֱӽ۽ܱߵǧħūһɱ
ɱԭܼ򵥣ΪЩһ￴˷ҶʰһĻ
ΪԭԽԽħū۽
ҶĽ£ıȒĺţһᣬٵƽϢ̬
ţϵݣūֵµλȽϸߵū𣿡Ҷ潻
ıȵͷ֮࣬ȴһҶĽ֮Уƺʶһ㲻
أ
ӹȥɻȥղֻһᣡֻǣǵľԣ𣿡
ıȒУ۽ūԹɢȥЩ·ħ׷뿪
ͻȻ䣬һĪĲдҶ桢ֹıȒħ壬ͬʱ̧ͷա
һǰڰɽ׷ɱֹǸϹħ洵Ӱ޾ϳ֮УһеģгֹӰ
ͣһıȒֵհȥ
ҵͽҵǷŮˣ׽ס֪ͨǿʱһήħ


1307 Ϣ
ͣ
гֵϹħ洵ӰҶɫرޱȵѿ
ֹ֪״ʲôĴУȴ幩ħֱӽ֪ͣǳĲ򵥡
͵ĳ֣Ҷȷһ£ʮа˾ŻںĴ½֮ϣֻλںĴ½ħͳƵĵ̶ѡ
ڳħ塢ħūūȫηޱȵеӰȥд洵ħ壬Щľū֮⣬Դҵ죬Ѫ档
͵Ӱɼһߡ
ıȒȥеħӰἰҪܵǸŮӵӰͷ
ʶģ͵͵ҶԵĳֹ
ıȒ෽עֹݵħ壬ҲʶĿҶߡ
Ҷ涸һݡ
һɲǣҶ׸ֹһ͵һ٣һȦɫĹ⻪˷ɢ
ɱ
Ƶū֮⣬ħ壬ȫɱ
ūսԲܷһ
ҶʱӰʼɢħԻͶӰΧֱӶħ彵͵飬ǶһλħԣҲǼΪ޷ʱάֵġ
¡¡ĹҶѾȺڵϵʹħ
ɢſֲϢɭɫĸ׻ͷ·ˮһй˹ȥһȺħͷ׷׾
ҲҶ浹ùΪŵպһϹŲвħ·ҪȻҲ˱
ıȒһ£͵شһսеɭɭɱ⣬ҪǶλ˵κεۿۣţǸֲļһԻڵһʱĨɱ
вǰϹħҲвͨ
֮䣬ıȺʹѡ
ȻƽضħڹЩħ񲢲ôϡ
ıȴĺ߳쳹ʱԭΧūħū׷ĵЩʹħ·ħ塣
ͻȻ䣬ҶйЩ·ħ帽׻׷ױ𣬵˷ģһıȒƵūȺ֮УʱΧξʹ˴ҡ
һλʨڻƤ·Ѱĺɫ׿顢߳һɵħŭţȰİƷɿĻӶţÿһλӶͻдŸ׻ķɡ
ֵǣ׻Ȼ޷ϸȼա
˵ģȴǴħɢΪϢ

صĴڣ
Ҷʱһͷ綷ĸоͨ񾳵ħ壬ƾҶһܣǿӦǾħ壬ͲҶܹӦġ
ź壬ҪȻҶһʱѡǶصףжԶӶԶ
Ҷ磬Сģħ֮Ƥĺħ壬ħƤۼ״ޱȵļ񣬶Ԫǿķ
ϣһλڵĺħԿɶסһλڵĴڰʱϣֹ
ûܻãܣҶͷ綷
ģһССȻͣһԴȻסСѾͷ
ȻħԴû̫Ĺϵڵһʱ䷢˳ֹĴڡ
ţħ˷ޱȵĳ˳ֹϵʯĴ°͸ս£ҾͷĿ꣬
ӳ壬ӳ⣬ǿԺħΪֳΪǿħ壬ֱһӦ
ɢʮħ壬ͬʱ͸ںħ˹д̰
࣬ģܶԸһҶͷһ۳ֹһͳǺħ
ȥɲǣҶһɳʮ⡣
Сţ
ɢΧ˷ĻľѻС˷ܵĽ߳һֱӷɳʮɫ⻪סʮ⣡
СҪ죡
ŭ䣬Ҷ˫Ŀһⶸͱֱĺ˺ħš
ħһΣһģǸ˯һ㣬ʹĻ˻ԴϮҶ棬ͷŭһһɫĳػγعӰ
¡¡
鱦ɳɫаٴκ¡
Ҷ澪ǣ˵а׾Ȼֻǽħˣҡβѡ
ǲǿĺɫۿ飬ȴûжı仯
ʹˣūʹˣħŭţ׹ĵ֮£η·һ˰ӡ
ҷģҽһҪɱ㡭
״̬ҲͳһϢĹ򣬺ħǴ׳Ĵ͵һɵأͷ·һɫһҶ档
СãûҶؼ
ףÿ
СɲǣҶһرһ󲨶ҶϢĳ˵صס
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һɲǣ˵ƿʹӺħǰ״ʮɫ⻪İ¶ǵĿ
ʮСĴ־ʿһ㣬ɿĿÿһȻݺ˷䴸
ʮޱȾ˵ʸеһˮĹ켣ںħ𾪵УûзӦô£ʮʸȫ˺ħš
󴮵Ѫؿڵĺɫۼһ飬ʸᴩţħ¶ŵɫ
Ҷη·һںħһһ׻ֱ˳źħؿڵĹᴩ˺ڡ
ʱħͷһ춯صؿпϳɭɫ治ϵţķȣȴԽԽ
ڽеĴڶԣǿڲҪࡣ
һϢ֮Ǻħʬ廯һ齹ֻ̿ʣһɺɫۼɵħƤ󣬸ոնݳħͱҶֱս
Щ·ħ֮ǿĺħҶɵҶһ
ҲһɲǣıȒͻؾסǸӰħ졭
ҶĿ⿴ȥɲǣͿڷɿĵţһֻİСӰħΣڷɿ쵴ʧ
ʶģҶһ׹ͺ˹ȥ
ϧǣ׹ȥɲǣӰħѾʧˡ
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ǣıȒȴޱȵľɥ
Ӱħ£鷳ˣ
ΣԣҶЦֻҪ޶֤Σ
ʱ䣬ϽϹŲ뿪úõľӪأʱ䣬һĳɹģҶ˵
ıһΣҲֻ˳ӵĵͷҶǰԶϹŲ
󣬸һ̫׵ò໻ӡҶ߱ߵ
ܿģҶͽ̫׵Ϣ͸˳ֹá
һɲǣҶͿֱϢ
ͣħ徳ϹŲȫرգǵһϢ
ڶϢҶļֱ˼飡


1308 ķ
̫׵ȻԳֹЧ
Ҷһ̫׵ȥ̫׵αãֹģʼûκεı仯
ð̫׵ϢڳֹϾȻˡ
ô£
Ӧӵд컯֮ԭ򣬶ǲƵ컯֮ԲŻ޷ãε̯̯֣컯̫֮׵ԡ
ٷϻ˵ûнķҶߵ
ֹıòҪȻ֮£һŮŶŮħߣҲǷǳעġ
үģôûнķȻУ
һأǳֹ׵ں컯֮е컯֮ϣ̫׵ˡ
ڵڶˣܽڵľطӡȫ⣬ֻҪһ̫׵ıԴʲô컯֮޷谭̫׵á˵
ҶֱȻֹں컯֮Ƕʱܹɵģڳ׽⿪ľطӡҶǡ
˼һ£ҶıȒȵߣȥĵط
ıȼæˣӰħߣ˵μѾ¶ˣܣΪ˵İȫҽ˻ǸϽ뿪
ıȳΪˡֹЩ˼ĴһħūҲûҪô࣬ʶģֹûзֱ硣
뿪ô뿪ȥҶûʵ
ı¶һ˿ĵЦݣսˣϹŲħ˿Ƶģ֪ϹŲƵŲ˭УɱᵽŲͿԡ

Ҷ治ĺ߳һ䣬еϹŲͬʱرգϹħŲҲûӦϹŲŲƣ
ıȒ¶һݲģ
ߴҶϽ뿪ʵ롣
Ҫٱõͽħħ忴ͨŮһ𣬲Ҷɱ³ҲԻܲҺܲҡ
εģıȹԹԵĽҶľһħϺ
һ侲ڣҶΧųֹһᣬųųֹڵ࣬Լͷ𣿡
ֹҡҡͷ򵥵ķͻᣬǸһģǰŮֵġ
Ҷεҡҡͷðɣ£
㡭ҪʲôֹرЩ͡
ʲôͷඣһЩΪǿĴֱһۿıò˵ע⡣
ֻԴı仯Ҷ˵
У㲻ܸͷңԼ
ȳֹ˵꣬Ҷһֹ˫磬ϣ﷭һѾµľᣬѾס˳ֹ㷢ָĶ˼£ֹǸ߸ĺٰ㷢Ѿ
ʱ㣡ѧᣬָʲôʱˣɣ
ҶںŪųֹ㷢ȴûע⵽ʱĳֹ˾Ǳһ㣬žԼ㷢Ҷб任͡
ֹùޱȣһֹޱȵĿ⿴žеҶ棬ģֹҶĿѾòһ
ֱ仯ҶԼȴǻȻδ
һ֮Ҷ֮£ֹǻһһ㡣
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ıȒ˵Ŀǰħеװ硣
ʵϣħǿħ壬ٵŮūЩŮūħƯᡣ
ЩӵŮūĳ̶ֳнϸߵĵλһħײǡ
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˾ߣ޷ǰŮ˾ǰеǸŮˣ
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ңһۿȥûκβĵطȻеױݣһŮûױݲ֡
⸱߳ȥԲ˽ֹеͨ롣
ʵϣıȒǳֹԼҲе㲻š
ûԼ⸱ģǽǰ⸱ģĻǰǾԲ뵽Ըġ
׼һݵͼܱߵϸϢܱħķֲҶ潻
ıȒǺģûãһ
Ҷ濴֮üͷȴǽôôϣԲʮϣԲʮȫǴţʲôûУ
ҶʣֱıȻֵ̿ĹȥˣܱߵǶ̫ǿҲԽ̽ǼŭǣԴҴҸְ̳λ֮ҳͨϹŲ֮⣬Ӳܱ̽ߣ
Ҷ涨˶ͻ̾Ϣһһȡ
Ҷط֣ıȶû̫İزħ͵£볤ֹħеūߣǸûʲô
ô̵ʱأ
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ǰҶǲҲϵڵħؽ磬ʲôҵġ
˵Ҷ볤ֹһ£Ҫħ˧ħˡ
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˼˰ΣҶͻ˷ܵһĴȣˣ
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СŲϹ⻪һҶһžƾʧ
֮һݻĹڣħ˧§ż׳˶Ůڵ飬ǷʴƨɻСɽһظ鲻ѡ
ͻȻ䣬Ӱһ󲨶һϵӰħ˴֮С
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ǣӰħõ͵ĲٵͣһҪʧ
ͻȻ䣬͵ȵȣ˵ͨѶŲ󣿡
شˣʮߺţ
ʮߺţǲȥμϹħ֮ӵͨѶŲ󣿡æʵ
û˵ǣ̫һ㡭
Ӱħƨ͵䶯Ǹ׳˶Ůһ߷ɣһӰħǰ

һɲǣħɫͱޱȵѿģǸոһһ㣡


1309 Բ
װѣΪ߹ħ֮еĻ壬ֵ֮ǲ֡ΥԼֵģ
Ҷ£ųֵ׼嵥ϵжһתصĵһʱ䣬͸׼ˡ
װѣһһֱҪϵ㣬ȴ޷ϵϣ
ҵأһڵһʱ佫嵥еж㣬Ϊѣһӭ㣬д㣡
ӣҶյһԽħԴǼȳϿҵš
ҶҲŽħż֮˵һг⣬ǿɲҶҪġ
Ǹͷĺܽңħͽ£еϹŲѾرգҲ޷Ϲȥ
ǣҵͷĺܽʮ죡
װʮ֮ڣ㻹ܴǰôֻܽǸޱ̰˵ջ󣬽걾Դ껭ѺĽҵȼü֮Ҷֻһ
Ϣ֮ħ˧Ĺڣͷеĵֻн䣬ڵľߺϡﻩġ
쵰вңѰôַܹڵĵַħһ͹ȥʱ򣬲һͽǰͨѶŲá
û취Ƿӡ챾ԴӡǵĽ飬һ䵽ԻʧȥǰһС
Ϣ֮Ըħյһַ
ıȒڣҶյǼϵͨѶŲһЦ⡣
ţʮ֮ڣһϵģˣȽ׸ɭϵħڣ࿴ȥ޷⣬Ͼͻӭж⡣
֮ǰҪһЩ׼
磬Ҷħ˧Ϊ𲻱Ҫ鷳ٴӴģħ˧
ħ˧ĳ֣ȴֱֹ
ڴ֮ǰȽ鷳ıħūͣһͱúܼˡ
һ֮ıȒĵȥȻ󣬾׼һڵķˣҶ볤ֹӡ
ô飬˳ˡ
Ҷ볤ֹԷʱıȒʹҶħ˧μ
ıȒĻ˵ħĲƲڵǿսҲū
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Ϊ˷չ˺ͱǣħҶ볤ֹߣͬʱҶ볤ֹݣǻħҲҶħ˧ū͡
Ϊħؽ磬ԽǿūҲ˸ǡ
⼸һ˵ǣֹû˿ɵģͽ˻ħ
ҶǰԵ⣬Ҳӭж⡣
ҶļƻıȒڶؼ죬ֱħ٣ͺðˡ
ǣҶıȒش˽ʱ䣬ɫò԰ޱȵıȒʹ˻Ϣ
ϣ²ãصĴ¡ŭѾ˰ҵΧסʴΧ
ԤֻҪһʱ䣬ܹɱҵ
˵꣬ıȒѾ˵ҶǰסҶĴȺţһҪ뷨סҵһذ
ϴǧŴģÿ궼дĲʯʯħزҩĵرϰְ
Ҷһےٲ֣ھͽûˣ
һݣıȒ͹ԹԵĹҶǰ
ھ¡ŭʵΣжʲôģµĴʲô״Ҷ侲ʵ
˼һ£ıȾ״εĻشҶĻشԽ࣬ҶԽ֮࣬Ҷʹüġ
ҶʹģϢħǻҵƺɴ˴޷Ԥе鱨
ħؽڵĹƶȣеǲƣħȴ޴ڣӰ޴
ÿһ۾ӵضһСĴСûϸĻֻ֣ģԴС֡
һҵҲСʮħģҲСǸֻһħʮħǴ
ԣı˵Ǹ¡ŭľʵ޴Ʋˡ
Ψһ֪һ׼ȷ鱨Ǹ¡ŭĴڣħ֮ħΪ
Ѫԭħ֮Уܱ֮Ϊħ
¡ŭţħһ壬Űɽƺ֮ħ֮еս壬ϵ塣
ԭ¡ŭҲǿԻõħħĳƺŵģεǣӽƷ֡
˵ĸ׾ƺǿһŮħģ뿴׳˶϶һСԴԴϻ׳ޱȵţǣǳ棬öϲС
ӱһţħҪʹĶ࣬Ҳܻմƴһصԭ
˵¡ŭİȫսħɣǴ󲿷ֶūҶʵ
ıȒϸ˼һ²Ŵħ壬µĴ󲿷ūɡ
ңųʮоţսĵͷֳľħдūֵսħ壬һǧûУ⣬ȫɱˣ
¡ŭµսħ壬Ӧò̫ɣ
ԣҶ˼
Ҷ淢֣һѵѡ
ǶصȽħϵܿǸ¡ŭķâ
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ıȒĻ˵һ¡ŭ׼ħôѪϵ裬ͿԳϴˢӦеħħķŵĸ
ֻߡ
ΪһĶͳ˧Ҷ濼飬ͨͨ̿ǵģȴսϿǣʵս֮ٿĳսš
һʱĿ˼֮Ҷ淢֣սϿǣܿ¡ŭķâʵġ
ǴսϽҶǳıӰ쵽ϵĽħ
һ£ǽħɥ֮ȮҶ棬ԹԵĸҶ
˼ãҶͻվ𣬡µܹȫָӵ֣ʵҪ೤ʱ䣬ж٣
ʵĻԼʮңս΢ľħūռ˳ɣ
ʮ㹻ˣ
ãصĵͼҶȵ
ϸоıȒطΧڵĵͼ֮ҶͻؿıȒĿ¶벻Ϊһ
ˣ룬ҵȻ룬ζ룡ǣΣѾϰˣıȒЩ˵
ô죬ԲΣ
ʱʱ䣬µʮūȫȻ󣬸ҲǸ¡ŭڵλ
¡ŭڵľŵķλһҪΪĵܲʵ֣𣿡Ҷȵ
Ҷ淢ʩģıȒͻȻĪġ
ϢµļʮӰħͷ׷ʧ


1310 սѪ
㣬ӿ㣡
˭ҪܹǸŮ˵ټħʵūū
˭ҪܹǸŮˣΪŰ˿ڵ
ͷޱȵţǵ¡ŭµһ֧˹ģľսֱǸСıȵء
һ߼ǰһøͨѶֶָЭͬսĸ
Ϊ˴̼ЩūĻԣһһظ͡
ҪһεĻԣ̫Ҫˡ
ԭʵսԿԻõħķţڼлõĸߵĵλ
ΪѪԭ⸱ĳ࣬ڼ֮УǱġ
綼ûвμӵʸ
ôʱ޿̲ϴѪĳ衣
̸ף
ǿѪĳ谡
ΪƴĻôսǣκʵѪҺ˼ĳϡ
һβһ
ͣ
սս洽ֻͣҪ׽˵ǸŮˣ˵Ǽ壬ǶѪΪ޵ħҲ޷ܾ
һħǳΪ͵ȵħħĹҲϴˢѪڴĳ衣
ΪҪǣ͸ոսûãӰħԵϢ
һΣ¡ŭħᡣ
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£ħѾ׵ĹرϹŲ£ģļһûߵĿԡ
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ֻҪսս洲̫Сһħʦûκģħʦпܡ
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ǰЩħ壬װ̫ð
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ڷԵĻѹûУȫƾӲһ˲Ź֡
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ͻȻ䣬Ҷ桢¡ŭڳħĿͬʱһ
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УǶħɿħҲҶħ˧ʧ
¡ŭΪ׵ڶħɫͱޱȣ飬͸˹һûʲô
Ҷ棬Ҳھȣһη֣սѪ쾹Ȼ
Ϊ˴ҪԵĵ˺ǿǿսޱǿţħҶ˺ܶ׼
һǽսѪħ˧ϣԱʱӳħ˧ʵ
ôҪǳֹ׸ģҶħеıǾԲóֹҶйϵġ
ҶҲû뵽ڷţħ˧նɱĶħɳʱħ˧ϵսѪڣȻһǿ
ֱӽǶħսѪڣѾսѪҶ棬ԵĸоսѪϢ
Ƿȣ͸նɱϹħһλʮ˵ľų֮Ҫࡣ
ҶҲǾȵķ֣սѪ쾹Ȼܹնɱħ׳
Ҷ澪ȵĵڶ¡ŭս֮УѾħ循
壡
ħеĻ壡
ħ꣡ǻħһеĻе
ţ¡ŭսħмӵǧħͼޱȵĳΣŻħҲҶħ˧ķȥ


1311 ħ
ôˣڳˣӰ˵׷棬ˣӻ˰ɣǽΪ΢ҳϵūͣ
ǧսĻħλǲϢĻħ£ڵأƺֻвͣߵףܷйǵļ
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ıȒǿһҶħ˧ٿҶĿд𾪡ҺͲ˼顣
û뵽һֻħȻǻħ֮еĻ壡
ħеĻ尡
ħħ֮УǱȽһڡ
ħսһ㣬ȴָͨļӳȺ巶Χ
ԱʿػʿԴս쭵Ķħʿ侲ӻлָ
֮⣬ԸԷʿʩجγ󾪾ȵöԷʿʵ󽵵ĴΧط
˵һֻΪǿĻħĳЩʱԵ߸һսơ
ͬʱħҲǴܵ۹Ϊͷʹħ֮һɱһֻΪͨϵħõĹѫֱӷ
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ԼŬͨ񾳲⣬ңͻҲеġ
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ԹȥЩħ壬Ϊ־壬Сȫʧ
ǸոͻƣҲǵһʩչ󾪾Ĺ͵ԭλϻħʩչ󣬻һȻ˵档
һĪҶһһħ˧ϵսѪڶһѪɫ⻪׼ȷϻħϡ


1312 ʲô
Ѫɲǣոڵصϻħʱ͵תɲǣѾ档
ǰֻǸݻħ߿ֱ׳һжϵģôһΣǸͬܡ
ᵽħ߶ǻħһҪã
ʱϻħͷ·һٴγħ˧ȥ
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ȻЩһ˿ȣҶҲԴһء
ħ˧սѪڶطǧѪɫ⻪׼ȷЩڵصĻħڡ
ʱһڻħϢɿı
ԭкڵΪϢһɲǼͿ쭵˿кڣһ󾳽磡
£һ󾳽ҪЩͨħʱ䣡
ȻҶԣѾҪƷεսѪԣŵǵ㸶ҲͽոɵЩħֳȥѣѹûʲôʧ
ʱħǷˣֱҪҪģ
ϻħ׷׵תӣָŻվŵ¡ŭʮλĸƿڴ
¡ŭҲɵˡ
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ǣٶʮλħ彫ųһŹħ˧ǰҶһһʩչǣ澰ͳˡ


1313 ħʦ
ıȒţħ¡ŭȣֱûпɱԡ
ӴСۣıȒܵµȿµһһѣţħ¡ħĵ̣ܵһеȿصĴС࣬Բء
˿ۣţħ¡ŭµħ塢ūӽǧ򣬶ıȒڵ˿ڣԲᳬʮ
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Ҳġǿ΢壬׵أ

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1314 ʤս
ܲɱһ¡ŭĹϵҶŪֽɵһҲûпܡ
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ҶѾԹˣЩħΪսѪԣټ򵥲飬һЩսѪڵľѡ
Ȼδսϵ棬ǵ㸶ȫɱ
ħ˧սսѪ׳Ļᣬܰװ׷Ź
¡ŭѾ˷ܵĻʼˣ
ǧĻħλͨ񾳵Ļħͳ찡
ֻħĺãֻаĴħɵսŲУһǼħսħսŲеĺá
ңǻ԰˵ľţ
Ǽӳ֧ʮ˵ħսţµħսŵսϣʽ½һĳ̶ȡ
ˣұ֤ҾԿȫߣ¡ŭı֤
ԣҶ鶸һȫߣҪȫʲô
׳󣡡
Ҫ׳󣡡
Ҫ㾡ħӵԱܵɺͿǵľӣܵķ²ǵĽ죬֣Ȼ͵𣿡Ҷɫĺ߳
Ҳ⻻һļһⳡʤս𣿡Ҷȵ
ţħ¡ŭ͵شһսףף
סڱҪʱſԱ¶ħıԣ׵ģһλħħע⣬׵ġ
⣬˴սеĽɻҪϽ߳ɣ𣿡
¡ŭٴνͷСһ㡣


1315 ֵ
Ϊħ˧ҪսԱմսսĵ˫׳ԣҶҲս
Ͼţħ¡ŭţޱȵĻħߵֻҶһѣûбʶҪҶʱʱ̷ֳ̿һơ
ԵģҶıɴСĻϥɿСèӳֹŪƷ鵤
Ʒ鵤Ʒ鵤߲̺ӵľٶҪǣʱƷ鵤ࡣ
ųҶȫעħ˧ڣר־ӦŴսʱĸΣ
ţħ¡ŭԣħսʱӲӲԾѹԵʵͻһֱǰ
λıԸţħ¡ŭԾ˺Կɳ¡ŭû뵽¡ŭ֮ͻȻװĴеӭͷһ͸ɵʮҵĴ߰սţֱ±ˡ
±Ƶǣţħ¡ŭľеĻħӳֵĻЧޱȾˣֻҪһλħͳ֣ǵսžͻҳһƬٳ֮һħʿʧȥս
׮׮ôԭһ¡ŭ˻ǣ׷Ǵڻǵķ֮¡ŭڻһնɱߵĸ߼²֮󣬾ͱ·
һ·սɱĴأԴʼ
¡ŭԼ쾫սֱһӵ
ļӲҪҶħ˧֮⣬Ҷ淢ֻ֣ҪսʿͿˡ
Ҫ߰սţħ¡ŭħʦڵָЫѾˣиǿԶš
Ǵħʦ⣬ħħʦݳʱܹ䲻⡣
ħħģһײ֮ս
˭뵽ҶĹֱ̥ӽһλħʦūأ
¡ŭȫ̳ħգţħȺųֱ̫Ӧˡ
֪ħʦⱻҶ꣬ȻҶɴħʦȥԷЩսĸ߼졣
Щ߼컹ڶԴħʦʩʱ򣬾Ѿħʦˡ
Щ߼Ĳһ仰סˣͣ׽öͳʻ
ħϵģޱɭϵġ
鲿£û˸ͿЦ
Ļ˵սǰԽ͵ģһħ壬˭ܹӴͣ
ĳЩʱ򣬾ħԸħҪֶΡ
͵ԣЩдħǧ˿ƹϵħ壬ˣôֱܹأ
бȥϵ͵λϹħ֤ȥ
Ҳţħ¡ŭΪʲôҪħĴħʦùϵˣΪҲħҸɽĳʱħͻȻ͡ˣ
ţħ¡ŭẔ̌ޱȵѸ٣ͬʱҲ˫սʿһ̶ϵļ٣⼸졣
սʼǰʱڣҶսѪյĿѾﵽ˰򼶱
죬սѪյĿûдﵽʮ
ϣĿսʿİ˳ңϾսѪ첻ܽÿһսʿս
սЩǿħ塢սŵʿ꣬ҶһҲûŹ
ϾЩսŵһʿ꣬͵ֵʮūֵʿꡣ
ħ֮иһЩɫ꣬꣬һ൱սʿϰٸ
ĿҶѾˡ
ɱϹħڲϲħõЩʵѪսʿõ
ҶĸоУϹħɱһʮ˽õûɱһΪڻ꺣ūõࡣ
ЩΪֻл龳ͼľħõࡣ
Ҷĸо֮УϹħħѪʿ꣬ƺһʲôʲôҶȴ˵һƫƫܹؼ
ԣҶյһʮսУųɶħūū꣬ȴһҲϹħյħ͡
ҶԤϵģսѪƷ׷ɿţʮս󣬾˳ĴƷĳ̶Ʒĳ̶ȡ
ǣ֮һٶʮս꣬սѪƷײûҶԤһƷĳ̶Ϊ鱦
ƺƺȱʲô
Ҷ治֪ⳡսսѪ᲻Ϊ鱦أ
ƺսѪÿν֮󣬶һЩµ
Ϊֱ֮ɸսҲҶŷֵġ
Ҫڴ֮ǰսѪҶѹҼ߸ոռϾս鸮
ܣսѪҡ֣Ǹûʲô
Ϸ⣬һ֧ҵľڼٸҷĪһ£һΪӰħƾճ֡
̽
ţħ¡ŭ˻֣͹ĿҶħ˧ҵľˣ¹ƣʮа˾ſǸոոոջɱλԮɣ
Ԯ
ħ˧˫΢Ѫһ㱩䣬ôܱĳλʾԮඣ
ܺãûأɵǣȻһĳأĴռĵ̣ˣ¡ŭ㲻ĵ̴ɣħ˧Ц
ôᣡ¡ŭЦħԣԽԽãԽеԴԽ࣬ҵΪͻԽ죬ħڵĵλͻԽߡ
˵һ룬¡ŭ͵ضסЩɬĿԶϥҶ棬Ϊ͵ʶţȣǸħޱȱ΢ū
ħ˧ƺ¡ŭ뷨ԽǿĴеĵλԽߣֵԽ󣬴ҲԽ㣡
¡ŭһ£һֲ˼Ŀ⿴Ҷħ˧ˣѵҲǡ
Ȼ¡ŭΪħߵħ˧ҲΪǱҶ꣡
Ҷħ˧ʾʲôһոշ²ĽĴħʦͻؾüëһܵħ˧¡ŭǰޱȵء
е㲻صħֵĵˣˣλħʦϰħʦ⻹ħѪ
ħѪǱ鲼ħؽ繩ħħֵħֵĹģСȣһʮ򲻵ȡ
ÿһħѪãħ֮еи߼ħ壬ʵǿپħǱ̬ɾţսǳ˵á
ħѪԸؽȣΪҲôﵽѡսʮֺˡ
פصħֵħѪһ˶ѡ
ڣλħֵĵһӾʹˣνڣ
ڣҪ׵ǣλħֵĵʲôģ¡ŭһĵǡ
ΪҴʦΪʶģ¡ŭЩĵĿ⿴˳ֹ


1316 ͻ
ʲôģڴˣֱӼƱǸɵͼˣֹͣҶһ¡ŭ⡢ߡ
ܵģͬʱҶ湧
ԶѾħѪҶһ٩ǲΪʮװսǧǿħ£ɲħѪɣ
ڶĸ֣Ľˣͨ񾳵ĽˣȫѹԷλʲôΪ
ħֵĵһ㶼ħʦΣʦΪһͶ۷壬ֻǽߵĴڣ
ǵλֵɣʮǰΪոͻƵߣ˵
ԣҶüͷһ壬˵ʵĴڣûн֣жǿҲ޷Ʋ⡣
Ҷ˽⣬ĴڣҪĴѲԭܼ򵥣ÿһĴڣһǿͨط
һټܸܲɵҶĿ⿴Ϊߣܶλħֵ˽Ĵħʦ⡣
⻺ҡҡͷһټʮϣҲܹɵ
Ҷüëһ˵Ҷͻط֣ܵ¡ŭ⡢λħɽ鶼Щ졣
ǡʲô飡Ҷʵ
ˣڲӦܸܲɵֵɣΪǸܣıȒͻ˵
Ϊʲô
ˣΪħ壬ûκһħڴ֮ͥ¹ȻħԱңµħս´﹥ħѪ´󲿷ʿǵ˵
ҶΪ֮ȻΪʲô
Ϊ󲿷ħʿħͽħˣǵʦħʦħѪΪ̷ħˣ
̷ħˣħʲô𣿡˵
ⷬҶĿɿڴô˵ħλҪʰǣǾִֻУ
࣬Ҳȫǣÿһħֵµĵϵţг׿ūţԼЩħĴɵļţҲħµЩš
ţħ¡ŭЦЩū⣬ȫҵĵϵᳬһǧˡ
ҶüͷûϵħξȻ˸ӡ
Ҫڴܣһ£ʲôʦʦʦȫɱ
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ҶʱףôܵĹغ˼άħⱾһ
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һۣҶ֪Ҫⲻ֮Ӳûа취ˡ
ͷһҶȫħ˧ڣСֹ˴֮У̫ˡ
ҶүʵȫԸ̫ûһħֻΪǻεħ壬ΪūˣҶͷĽ߰㤵˵
Ҫ
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ޣǸŮ˵٣û䣿ΪԾֵ͵⡣
ʱûУֻһ
ܺãץǸŮˣ٣Ҫһʱϵ𣿡ʱ׹䣬Ǿ֮⡣
ϵĵͷηӦ
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ηĿһڳħתһȦ֮Ȼ䵽Ҷħ˧ϡ
ָ΢΢ţҲζ·¡ŭʮսʿԴ׷ױƬһǽ죬ΪȻͻƵͨ񾳳ڣ
ȻҲϢıħֵɱҶΪ֮Ȼ
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һĻҶЩħôֶ֤Ҷħ˧ǲǻħߣҶЩ
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֪ûĻħߣȻڱĵϣ̫ˣʵ̫ˣ
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Ҷ󺧣
һצͨͨħ˧ĸоУȴסأҶħ˧޴ɶ㣡
ҶʱˣħֵѹΪͣҲģΪ˻ħߣ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶʱܺȻһҪ顪Ļħ߶ħ壡
һĺԣһãܻҶ鷳
ڣ
һãҶħ˧ͻᱻǰץߡ
תҶߣǰսѪڵľйһйһйħ˧ڡ
ʱ˵ħ˧Ĺ䣬Ϣʼһ
һɲǼ䣬ںľע£ħ˧Ϣʹͨ񾳾۷ͻơ
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أ
أ
أ
ħ˧ϢͻƵصʱͻƵٶ͵һսѪڵľϢѾﵽٽֵ
ٳĻսѪƷǾҪˡ
ħ˧ϢĿħֵɵһ
ҲһɲǣƷѪӰѪɫâ·һɵָצϡ
⻪䣡
Ѫɫâħɵצͬʱɢ
Ҷڻɵħצȴûκεϲ⣬ŵһצֻǲĵһҶħ˧ȴʩչȫսѪӳ
һ㣬漴ЦħߣȻǴ˵еĻħߣǱʵȻͬһ㣡
˻ħֵ߳Ĵţģ
ħ֮мΪĻħߣٸ㶯֣ôԹԵĸһħߣ˵ĺôһߵĴЦһߴһƣʱɵħѪħʦͽҶħ˧Χ


1317 
ħֵһħѪħѪųɾкڵŸָǿս츳ħ塣
һͨ񾳵ħѪȫǽ졣
⣬ħʦȫͨ񾳵ĸ֣λΪħħʦ
ҪǷսҶһʱ׼ȷӲһҲǲܡ
ͻĽҶħ˧ΧȴҶ޲ߡ
ȻҶҲȫûа취ΪҶѲûбΧֻҪҶĵ뿪ħ˧Ϳƾʧ
һĻһϵвɿصĺҶĿǰħ׻ٵ
ҪǣֹҶ޷ߡ
ԣһ̣ҶǾԶԲġ
ǣ־£ҶܴƲ̫ࡣ
Сûа취ʰһһֵָЫȻҿ꣡Ҷһĳ»ǵָЫʣԸһ˻ûġ
ףûע⵽һħ𣿡СЩ죬Ӧħ֮Ŀࡢɱġħ
ħ
ҶʱͿһ£ħħ֮еһ࣬Ѳħ֮һͬʱҲļָЫ޷õħ塣
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ָЫȻ޴ˡ
ףа취ɱҵĿǰסʮϢϣСͻ˵
ҶĬȻ
ɱһߵǿߣҶôаգ
һԸɵҶδʩչʩչ֮ĺΣҶҲ
Ҷ波ԵĻ
£ħ⼸ʮΨһĻħߣԹֻħһЩϷǶԣǶϷ򣬶Ǻ£˫Ӯġ
ֵɲû϶֣ڽĳԡ

ūħһ㣬ūңΪǷ𣿡˼һᣬ˾ҶЦ
ͬһɲǣҶĽ£СѾʼ׼
ڣСҪʱ䡣
ūۣ
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һ֣ħѪħʦλħʦʼͬʱŰΧĵħ˧ƣħ˧ͷ
ˣ㲻

˵һ֣һҰ׵ĹǱ޾ʹзɳֱӽɡ
ħһǿɲǸǵģɵⷭûһ㣬ֵɵĿУȴ׹䡣
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ĸӦУħߵɢϢٵڡغڡ۷塢سڣڲͣĳš
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ŴǰսҵΪأٵ֪ɵܲûаջңħ˧˵
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ǣΪһУǳ׵ȼǵ֮ǿĻ꣬ǲĴƯ޴Ϊң
ϻħһһ䣬ѸΪֳȾһޱȱ׳գǣǧħɢϢȴԽԽֲ
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Һǽ˫Ӯңֻкô
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ܺãѵɵΪֻһճ¼ҹ˵Ļħ
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һɵɫٴѿ˼֡
ͻȻ䣬һһŻɫӰħͻأĳ֣յɶ߶˼䡣
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Χ˵ɱҶ氵д޳֮࣬÷ǳľʣ
ɺϣ
ǸӰħĵʲôϢ
ȻܹƵɸı⣿


1318 ѵ
Ҵǧħ꣬ǧħΪȫͨ񾳻ħһħΪĪѹò֮󣬷ֱֵ˵Լ
ܣ
ħ˧ҵΪֻֻܽҵΪͨ񾳾۷壬ܽǵΪ
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Ҫʱɴսħ꣬ҵΪ
ޣ򵥣ʮսţЩūţȫɱˣǵ꣬Ӧ㹻˰ɣɷ·˵һ΢һ㣬¡ŭµսŵʿǣɫȴǴ䡣
ֵǣħǣħǣԸ̷ħ񣬶Ӿ¡ŭǳħԴļһޱȡ
ץסһ˿ᣬϧһеֲĸ
ħħϵģǾԲɵϡ
ǿ׶ħֵɵĻҪɱħṩ㹻ꡣ
ģ¾ħˣӦñ׼̨һŭŭУ¡ŭµħʿ׷׾еľеǵ׼ɡ׼ɴħѪ
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ҶǰĴ㣬սˣȻ˵С֮֯УȫħѪӦòʲô¡
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Ϊ˾Ĵչ꣬µħѪѪȵ¾
һ·ƽǷĻͶħ壬ͳͳնɱ
Ҷ浹ħ壬ЩЩһūϧĿǰΪֹҶ滹ûЩū
ʱ䣬Ҷħ˧յ˽ʮ꣬ҶսѪƷ»ָƷĳ̶ȡ
ʱڣߵĴ鱨ӰħƵԽԽƵ
һһΣһ죬ÿʱҪһӰħ鶼ޱȵءɵҲޱȵѿޱȵļꡣ
Ȼƺڳżѹ
磬ɿڣͨ񾳾صĻħֱӽһ롣
գɴǧڡĸͨڣһͨ񾳾صĻħ뿪ˡ
һޱȵվʹ˻⡣
ĿɴħѪ뿪ҶȴǺ޵
һΣҶ滹˱Э
⣬⼸ûºú˼˼ôܺݺݵλһѣڶһҪˣҶ
ǣ˵

Ҷ磬ҷĺ棬ܹΪܣһΣҾԳŲȥû뵽㾹ȻǻΪģ
ܹħĵؽ࣬ڲ֪ʷУ㻹ǵһλֹҶĿУǳ֮ɫ
Щ죬ֹҶľȫһĻǵ֮ãÿһΣҶƺܻΪģ
ĪģֹǰʱǰεЩſӣҶһȣ˳⣬ҶЬ䡣
һĪİȫȻħؽ磬ֻҪҶߣ;ޱȵİȫ
֪УֹһŷľϵҶϣҶԼ
ҪҶЩڽʾ֭뷨أʱֶŮ鳤
ҪǣҶԽǲںֹԽҶ治ЩҪǰĴյһȣһһ£
ɡҶǫ顣
ЭЩŹ֣⼸Ȼܵ˼ⲿѹ
Ҷħ壬û
ҶȴһԼԼƲ⣬Ǹһˣ
Ǹһ˿ֲӰȻһλħֵƵǱôҶҪСˡ
ɶסļһ£ǰ׼׼һã뻢ıƤҶôĶ֪
¡ŭ¼أĴϸһתλҪˣҶôҲúú׼һ¡
תˣЩħ塢ūȫǲƸǴߴ󲿷֣ǡ
¡ŭû˵꣬Ҷһ¡ŭͶرþޱȣæ
⣬Ҳһתͨ񾳺ڵĽ죬ȫһתҶ
Ҷ濪ʼ̤ϻת·̻죬ҶһֱŵСŲ̾ʹһ
ҵװѣˣϹŲȫ⣬Ϊ˴ڵĵصϹŲҸ˾޴ޱȵĴۣ
ǸķֵȻ˷ʱ䣬һÿģ
ǣޱȳĵģ죬Ǹ룬װӦûԭҵɡ
Ҵ˳ޣһ룬Ƿ⽵飬Ӧûڰɣ
ħ˧ķѶҶôôгԹ
ЭģȻǰħ˧
û뵽ǣĵȻΪǻħߵ
ǰĴߴ٣ΪΪ˾Ԯħߵ
Ҳ벻ߴٵǰ㼱УȫΪ˴ҶǷǰ̱Ľ顣
ΪҶµʮ֮ڣ
ҶҲû뵽Ȼ˴ɼɵģԲ򵥡
Ȼѣڿţ㣡
һħֵħʦ⼲ߵҶǰһ򣬡ˣħֵĸ鱨
һʱ֮ǰԴԭӦó׹رյϹŲӭһλޱȵĴ
˵λոճŭĽɵ߷ˡ
ޣλ˶ˣҶʵ
شˣµĸرλӣԼңʵǳġǿ󣡡
ҵλѻ治򵥣Ҫǲúõ׼һ£λҪҵĹͷӶҪ̵һɶţҶЦ


1319 Ѵ֮
ˣҪһֱڼȺˣȺ˴ϹŲ֮ʱʧˡţħ¡ŭУıȒһεĻ㱨
ʧ˻ǸˣӣǻӣǴĻӣҶشҶͷԪ鰢ͳŒˮ
ħѾӰǱҶū۵ģޱȵĽ߰Ҳǽˡ
Ҷ涼ţָ˵ʲôأ
ıȒһ߽Ϊţˣʵǻ˵Ϊ̫ǿˣΪ͵ģͨ񾳾۷壬µʵǡ
׷ˡʵҲһֽҶ滺ҡҡͷ׷ˣʹŽħһ̬ȡ
ħ壬ʼħ壬𿴽ħ֮ʷֵĻһǻһҲӵħıԡթײУ
ҶǰѾ˽ħȷĵַʧʹ̬ȡ
ˣȥ׼ɣò˶ãǻжţ
Ҫ֣ЩȫҲ
Сһǣ
⣬ħֵе֣Ҫ֪£ħֵûв֡ҶһĽ
һɲǣţħ¡ŭͿʼɿı仯ľʼѿ̶̰Ϣʱ䣬ţħ¡ŭĸۡͱڳ˲ָĻݲݡ
һܼܾеʼõۡܵĻľ֣֮ÿһطĽ߰ͻɹȥſһɵǰľһŤողµľе־Īʧ
һۿȥЩ˾еֵĵطȫǻľ
һĻţħ¡ŭͣˮһ飬޷˿쳣
Ҷ棬ٿǰȴôҲҲĸеһ˿ⶸӿţħ¡ŭͷ
ˣҪֲĶࡣ
ʱ̫֮ɽɫʱһӰħϢĳţħ¡ŭߡ
ˣдڷɿĽӽ
ţħ¡ŭĿ⿴Ҷ棬ʾ֮⡣
ϢҵһľϲҶһ£ţħ¡ŭİͨкڵħ塢ħ֣ʼƴԼϢ
еħ壬ɿĽԼΪѹһ󾳽磬еħɢϢͻȻͱһЩеϢеƾʧ
Щ֣ȫЩսз²ȻҶħ֡
֣Ľ߰һҶɢϢرһţħ
Ҷħ˧֮ڣţħ¡ŭıȒʮλͨ񾳵ħࡣ
УһŷŹƲ֮Уͷ˶Ľħǻţ˶ɱȥסǸħһڲ
ʮˣĶԲκ©֮ߣͷеǵֻ׹䡣
ͬʱǷ˶һΣʹŽ֣һѷĳţħ¡ŭĸۡ
ף֮ۡУľʢĵһɲǣζĸۡЩɻ
һħٺٵЦˣţħЩǼţħ⣬Բݣ

һİСħֻ۾ͻȻͱܹһеľУתУһǿƥۡǹȥ
˲ϢĹǲǿޱȵͽۡɨ顣
ħ˫ۻָʱħ˧ĿͿ˹ȥ
ˣۡûڣԼһǧˣ󲿷ֶħūŮū
ͨ񾳵ħһʮλħһλһʮλģȫǲġħ㱨
Ǹħȵ
ۡУƺڵˣϣеĸֶħ
ԣһ죬ĴЦλѻǹŵģΪǼ⣬ܳ׵ĳԶ𣿡
Χū͡ˣȥһֵ
ϢģϢ¡ŭһ·֮Щߵū͡׷Ĳ״ʮֵĹ졣
ɲǣľҶЦҵλѣǿҰ֮УȻʮĴڣ
ˣô죿¡ŭʾҶ档
ȣλѣɵúúõĻһᣡҶħ˧Ц
ҲҶ滰صĵڣħǿ߻ĳ˴Ժ
˵ǴԺΪţħı弫ΪӴԭԺ﷽ԲСţħ¡ŭƽٿĵط
ٶ˳룬ռ仹Ǽտġ
ʲôˣȻҳĸۡţħ¡ŭ͵طһոɲǣʮֲϢͺݺݵĺţħ¡ŭϣ¡ŭȻֹĺˡ
ҵѣҵľϲ湻İҶ濴ȺЦ
󵨣һȥǹܼģŭָҶŭ߳˵ţܹ
ǺǣҵѣȨֱҵ֣һָЦǺǵڶϲҵѵ£
һΣһľϲһΣҲ׼һľϲɤӵǻҶֱһֻƤĸо
ЩʮĴڣ湻ϲģħ˧Ц
ȻҵܹǼֱӻңһľϲôҴЩһͻ˳ĸǾԲ˵һͷģϵЦָ࣬ĸӵĴˡ
ҪǲأҶͻȤʵ

һָָҵѣӦ֪ΪħеĻ壬λ壬ҵ£ӵи츳ħ塣
еѻ꣬һħ壬ƬڵϢҲܶ޶ˣһϡħ֪
֮еǿߣ֯ξָξ˵ǲǸСĵطСʱδξĽ
ȻΪҵķŭҲξ޷ʹ࣡׵ģʱһݳޣ
ԣҶԣֻҪ׽㣬Ǽ£һС鷳ǺСС鷳ԣȰ㣬ĺá
룬ҴЩµʵ㣬Ѵ֮ɣ
ȻԸ⣬ֻҪ㽻ҿҵħһΪŵ̬˵
ֻŵ̬˶Уǻ˾ޱȵġģ
ҶǿŶҡͷƺ㻹һ缴ţҼǵãϹħʱƺҲ˵ţ㻹ǳҵġ
ܣһΣԲܣҶ˵²֣ͼеļϣ׽
Ѵ֮𣿡ЦţҶƸɴһУ


1320 ֲӰħ
ҶµɲǣʮɫⶸشӴԺܱߵĲݴŭ˳
һһ㣬˲Ϣ͸ٸ֡
ǵļƵĿ˼£һžͽʩչСħ߷˳ȥ쵰ķ
ɲǣһ鱬ħŭʸѾħϳ
䣡䣡䣡¡¡
ը·һǰħ壬һɲǼԳԼı壬ָıط׷ʩչ
ǰ߳ħ˧ħ壬ڵһʱħ彫ħ˧
ʮ֧鱬ħʸͬʱޱȿֲģΧЩͨħ壬һıըУϢʧ
ӳ꿪ʼħ˧ȥֵļ
ֵ˻ҵʱ̣ߣѹע⵽һ㡣
һĹħŭһ޴ޱȵĹſϱ߸ɫķƣĳɫŵ⡣
𾪹ʮħ忪ʼӳǿֲޱȵָ츳ʩչʮɫ⼯к䱬ıըڷɿƽϢš
ħħסˣȴǱޱȵ
һ֮У֮еͨߣֱӱĨɱ˽˳ɣЩħȽϽģҴ
ˡ
ߣȴһûΧֱӵֵ˴󲿷鱬ħʸŬʮһħ⣬ʮħ壬ֻˣϲӰսˡ
ͷ΢΢һɣֻҪΪħڣôһУͶ⡣
ĺ֣ޱЩĻ
Ȼ
ҶٴθɾһУ
ֲƿٴ𣬵һΣƿȻûһôֻܼΰټǣͷһɡ
ǵǽ˺ѵˮһʸʱڱþ
ʸСģǰĹħһʱ侪ľոɲǣʮʸݺݵĹᴩ壬Ȼݺݵı
ϱ߼ӳֵĴ䡢أٻԵȵȣСĽ߰ĥĸָϵֲﶾԣ׷ڱ
һħһͷԵڵأǷ·һĹǼʱʧȥеĹ⻪
ģô󡭡
ֵУһһħһ֧ʸУֳָĹ⻪Ȼһͷա
ȻħԸָԵĵֿǿ󣬵СĽ߰ĥĸֲﶾǰ㲻״̬Ҳޱȵ⡣
˵ħ壬ɱӦúɰɣҶħ˧ػһѪ˳Ѫɫ£һħͱҶһɱ
Ȼ
¡ŭ⻹⼸Ҷħ壬׷˳ո۶޷˵ߣʱ׷ױһˡ
ˬˬ߸ϵħǣҲܱһˣıȒ˷ܵĴţǰһλʮ֧鱬ʸشġûжħеɵħϢʱͿһء
ݴУӲһ㽫ħģɿϵ󷽣ɫһʮ÷Ԫʱħڿʼĳ
ʱСΪϢͿʼͬһʱģں󷽵ҶΪ
һĹҶΪϢʹسڿ쭵ڡ
СɵĺãҶ̾
ףѡˮľħɵģԾܶڵС˵
ţңӦҵģջʱҪһôԪ鰢󼱵ĴҪƿķӡҪøǿ
ž
ٱٴνĽ߰ɣߣ˵˭ţСŭ
Լˣš
Ȼһ䣬ǱСһٱ޳ɣһưޱȵֱӱС͵ڣĽ߰Ц
̶̼ϢĹֵ¾жʮλħ屻Ҷ˻նɱ
ʣµʮλ˲˵͵ģȻѾʧȥս
ɱǻлᣬҪɱܻŭֻ͵һɫĹ⻪ֱ
һ˵ħıȒعֽһؿֱӱǰɫĹ⻪ᴩһ󶴣ҽɳ
ҲһɲǣҶٴδһڣ˳ȥЩַ׷ٶ˻˴
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û˵꣬ͻرþޱȣʮɫٴδ˷Ǽ
ǼϢʱ䣬ٿһ鱬ħħ壬Ѿ˼ϻ

ܼԼйļ꣬ͻؿվŭ
ûǳŹ˵һļ
ʮλȫ֣ʮͨ񾳾۷ǿȫ¡
ڣʲô
ʮλħ壬λ͵ģѹûսλ
ǣɲΪλħܹסһϮ
ң㵲סӣΣ
ǻҶ
ͻȻ䣬ˣ
Ҫ⣬úõײͺܺ
ǵ𣬶Ҳ̫࣡
ֻǣ˵ʲôҲˡ
УЩεеһöǷ
ҲҶϸЦݣսֵɲǣգͻȻһĪĲ
һīذͻأĳУ·µĻ˼£ǼޱȵĿռݾͱ˺׳̵Ŀӣ¶˻ɵĺڶĻա
ǿӻ֮дǡôĽʮ鱬ħʸĴ󲿷ָɽ˻ա
ǿطӰ£˺ձݷɿĺ£ǣܹشɱ鱬ħʸȴʧˡ
ʣµΪ鱬ħʸһʧȥ֧ţǿߣҲ첻κ˺
Ҷ濴յĺɫذףͫؽ˼¡
Ӱħܹ˺Ĵ½ǼޱȵĿռݣǾǽӰħħʦҲޱȵĽţһָɳ˲
ţħ¡ŭһʱȡһȫյϣƴڷɳӳ˾ؿڵҪϡ
ӰħеĿռͨǳħ֮еõĳʹ̿ͣΪӰħɱߣֱ׾٣
ͬʱӰȥٵǣҲͬͷʹĶ
ħ壬ԸһΪͻƵϵӰħ
Ӱħͻħһ㣬ΪӵеĿռͨϵ裬ǻޱȣǿ߲ࡣ
ÿһӰħǿߣŷɥĴڡ
ڣߣȻһλӰħǿڱ
飬ҲһɲǱùŹ


1321 սĴ
Щݡ
һʲôأʹε顣
û֪Ϊ˱˶ĴۣΪԼҲ֪۵ж
ĸףλֲĴΪۣһλھӰħȻΪ˱ݶ飬λӰħӦĸһһܷ
Ƴɱڹؼʱ̣ŮһΡ
ţĸ׺ܹƽеֵܽãһλᡣ
ĸ׿ҵһλӵлѪħ壬ھһϴ֮Ӧû̥ǣܣôȥ
ԣĸ׵ÿŮӵһöλӰħ˵ıܹƽ
öһֱţ׵Ļ˵ħ𼶱ǿߣööҲпӳ졣
õˣ
ں޼ֵܼǹǰõˡ
֪
ҪҪҴ뿪ҪϷʹˣģٻٶΡ߿УֵӰħһơ
ϣҶľȴǽ˼㡣
ʮλҲԸһλӰħΪǣûĴʡ
ҶıѾ׼Ӱħԥķ
ԽӰħûκΰա
ȴεĿЦһ£ǰһ󡭡
죡ҲϻֻȷϣǷѾȫӰħ̶ٵ
ٴοЦһοЦĶȴҶ棬ðɣѣ룬ǽ췢һᣬҵ鱨УĳץˣҵıǾˣ
ԣħ˧ҲЦǻһᣬһΪҪɱأԲòһֶΣ
ôأѣӦúú̸̸һֵ֣½Ĵ׷
̫ˣȷʵӦúú̸̸Ҷһ֣İٸʸƾʧ
ӣһȺαĻӣ
αĻӣĽֹ߰
״ĪĲһ£ӰħϢʧͷ·δֹһ㡣
˵ѣǸһľϲʵ̫ˣħ˧ӵһ
ħ˧Цݣһ׼һľϲ
ޣʲôľϲ
ҪǸ⣬ҽ¼ʮݣĸ±ܣһҳ£ͻϰݣħϣƷħ˧ͻشס
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ʱͻӦóֵĵطħ˧ٺЦЦȴɭ
װǻƵһҵѣôǿôԲģ
ûʲôܵģѾĴ㣡Ҷ˵
ᣬȴѿ˼֣һָǿһ˿Цݣħ˧УѾ˶Էļ
ðɣҴ룬ҵĳԴ㣡֮ǰҾҵ£ħ壬ѾǱȽսˣ˵
Ҷ滺ĵ˵ͷ¾ͷ˽˱ħ塣
ھ֮ǰһħջδܳȥһȳޱȵŧˮ
ͬ׼ȡʱ鷢ˣħ꾹ȻܿƵƮħ˧ɿħ˧ڡ
һĻĿɿڴָħ˧ԭҵЩµ꣬ȫȫ
һɲǣ䣬壬ѵǻħһߣ
ħ˧ʾѾĴȥһŮһ㱧סҶĸ첲֣ѣѣ𣿡һ˵һҡ
ģĵĲûҶϢҪһƯŮҪһ˶ޱȵ§ĸ첲ҡǸҹ³ˣ
һ£ħ˧һž߷㣬ԺԶ㣡
ǣѣѣ𣿡ħ˧Ťݣ˼һ£ûٴҶĵߣҶ汣һľ롣
ˣǱ߻λǰƴλĵָָڲݴ鴤Ӱ
λķ²ڱСĳȡڵ
ߣΪҶȣСȣǿ̫̫ˣһ㣬ҶСΪǡ
ΨһûжģԪ鰢ˣСҶֻһɣʣµСԪ鰢һ롣
Ǻڣȴһ˻ҲƲ
ҪĵؿռƿҪɲһ㡣
Ҷ棬ȻռһɣһɵҶΪʱѾؿ쭵أҶΪڷٵţСΪϢҲ쭵ͨء
ҶȻŹ˱Ļᣬ²һλĴΪޱȵѡ
ֻǷ︴ãʵѾûʲôˣħ˧˵ߣϾҪˣ
һ£ʱҶ˼ֻҪùļһôùļһϾͻõĿԶûˡ
£ôأ
ðɣ룬ѣӦúúõĺѣкĻѵ𣿡ħ˧һмı飬ЩεĸĿڣðɣں֮ǰ֮ǰĽף
˵ţͳöָװŴǰԼепػ꾧ѴѵϣŵϣҲС
ǣҶһۣͽݲ˻ЩԶԶ

һȻЩԼõģȫ㹻
֮ǰ֮ոձս֪ŵҶٲƸ𣿡
ʮ
֮ǰĻʮսսĴۣҶ


1322 Ҷı
ʵϣҶչֳǿʵ֮ͬʱŽħҪ̸֮УѾòԵˣҶռλ
̸֮лǽʽᡣ
Լ֮УƷʯһ飬Ʒʯʮ飬Ʒʯһ飬ĿħǴϷʮ
ΪʵûôĲƸΪһûϹħսħ壬ػвƸʵ޵ĺܡ
ʯ޷ʮȴӦֿۣϵĿҩҶǳҪ׻
֮⣬ħӦķǳˬ죬ͬʱħҲһҪϣҶܹսԺ
磬ΪµĻħһΪΪħеĻ壬ȥħΪΪͻƵħķѾ˽ħ
ħĳƺţ൱ڴܵ۹ĹƺţħһΪ֮ܶĿ꣬ħԣΪˣҲˡ
˵ʵҪҶġ
̫׵õģϧ
ȻҶһڴӦΪĺߣȻһЩĺҪ󣬵Ҷ滹ٴοʼּۻۡ
ڸһĴ֮ҶǴ˺
Ϊ֤˵ģԡ
ûãǾ˵ˣҶԣûκԼ
һħ˧µԣ
İɣҵѣҵأһȷİȫ˵
ҾģǺ֮ǰǷݽɱλµӦǸõѡ񣡡Ҷ
ɫѿҵѣѵҵĳ˵ҸѵӦý𣿡
ǣҪҪȥشɺһҪһʱܹ׵õе
ΧȫˣҪǲ㶫˯̫ţҶ˵
ǡ
ûпǣ
㲻Ը⣬ǾʹһɢλӰħǰܻܲ׽ңһµҵūܲڵһʱ佫͵͵ĵطҶֵ̯
ˡ

оħ֮Ķħһ㣬ħڲ࣬һ˺ڰթ塣
Ҷ֮һ̸н׵ĳ㣬ȫǷ챾ԴӡĽ飬״ˣҶȴ˵Ȳˡ
˵ԸλӰħٴǰ
ҪܹһλǿĽӰħõ˱
ǣôأ
룬ƺҶ˵ģҲмֵ
ҶȥأϾǽСУôһ㱣ĳ룬ƺҲ
ҪǻҲһôģ
ðɣǣĽ״֮ǰһҪǷݽ齻ңһ÷ģ
ԣ
Ҷħ˧ٴηһԣ
ȻˣǾʱ뿪ĻħߵϢȥǻкܶǿħȤģߴٵ
Ǻǣ˭ýһλĻħߵ߱أħһ㣬뽫ĻħյԼҶ˵
Ҿһ£Ǻѣǿһħ׳󣡡˵
ðɣ뿪֮ǰҪһʱ׼һ£һ°꣬һ뿪
ڸղţּۻ۵ĹУҶͻȻ뵽һõӡ
õӲܹϽ¼һĻħߵҲܸһҪǣҪõĺãҶܹݺݵĳһڶ
ǰЩޱȵħֵɺݺݵĿһѣȻ˳ƴһЩСĿġ
һһƻҪҶúõļƻһ
˵ʵҲţħ¡ŭǸħԴޱȵţħҪȻҶ涼ҽһţħȥ
ϾţħȫǼħ壬ȥۣңһѡ
»漰˼ҪҶһ֮󣬲뿪
ֵһ˵ǣħ壬Сʱʱ䣬Žڵһоɸɾ
סǵɢʱǵͻ˷ɻҡ
ǵ꣬ȻǱսѪ졣
һڡһڵħǿߵ꣬Ǵ֮õսѪϹħһʮ˼ħųҪ
ʱ֮ûʲôСΪȴùİ£ͨĿһء
ʵϣλΪĵʱСΪͻƵһأǺһʱɣȴһΪû
ҶԼȽΡ
Сɳ˻һʱҶΪ쭵ؿ쭵۷塣
Ҷ波żҪͻƣȴôҲ޷ͻơ
ҶһԤУټСתֻһ
ʵǲĽ߰ѣҶҲ֪ԭġ
ƣ
ֻеƻ۵һ̶ȣĳһϵƵݻһ̶ȣһϵı仯֮νͨҲͨ񾳡
Ҷߵ֮ϣľӰϣ
ٵϵĵҲǧöϵֵĵ
ЩƣҶԸģĹںϵģ鱦顢ľ̫׵Ϊ͵Ӱеĺȵȡ
˵⼸ϵĵҶΪͻƵͨ񾳣
ǾһľˮͰģǿľ壬̵ǿľ塣
ԵһΪĽҶĶ̰塣
ϵĵĿһö
£Ҷֻܷͻơ
۷ΪҶҲǳˣ
ԭ뷨ǣĴ½ʮڽΪ۷壬ͷǳˡ
أ겻ɣ
ȻСѲϵġ

Ϊ˱˶ĿҲΪ˱˷ĻħߵǸŽħ뿪ģħûȨϹŲ뿪
óһϡޱȵӰƳɵһοŲһһԵͶŲ󣬴Ҷ桢ֹħ˧ҴĲʮ˵£Ϣ뿪ţħ¡ŭء
ţħ¡ħĿҶһ˵Ĺ⻪ʧ֮󣬶һ˽̱ѵƬȫʰɾ
һ󣬽ħϯһħᣬһλħ嵱սһϢ
ŴħʦħֵһϢҶıħֵɵƻʽչ


1323 
ţħ¡ŭȫ£ɳ´ӰħūطΧЩƫƧĵطչʽѲ顣
ħˣֻʹȻħʦµһӰħһ֮£ͨǸŮˡ
ΪħͽħʦȻ뷽跨׽ͨǸŮˡ
ܵİţڸ˲ƵĴ֮ħʦⱾҲˣŽߵǸŮ˻׽
սսͣħʦȻǵһʱϻħֵڴ͡
Ȼ󣬴ħʦʹǸŮ²ٵĸЧħֵ
ȸϵħֵͿȥսս洵ǰϵߵݣȻսעϽˡ
ţħ¡ŭظħֵһ͵ħֵݸħħ񣬴Լʮħռذ﷽Բҡ
ħֵһεĽǴܵĻʹһ㣬Сš
ţܽ빩ħһħһħ֮Уͷ·Ǵջһ㣬һϵһ
սϵһϵһһ֮Уʮͬ
ħ幩ħܵֽ񹬣ȻħĽз巽棬Ϊħ
һγеǸŮˣħʦжģţʲô˶û
ԭܼ򵥣Ͷͨħԣһ죬ۺѪԻõļħĻᡣ
ħڵְԱһλְԱһͣǽһ޴Ĺѫ
һʱʱ̿˸ŽĽѫ£ÿְʱܹ˱ȥֻҪ̫ܹΪ͵ħָˣõĽ͵ħгΪר٣Ҳ˵׼顣
̫֮Ҫˡ
ϣֻҪһְͣԱԺħڵĽһƬ̹;żз͵ľҲΪơ
Ҫ飬ħʦǾԲйġ
ڴǸŮ²תħʱΪ˲ע⣬ֻĸӡ
һмƻ
Ǿħֵǰֵɴϰž׼ޱȵĽħֵǰߡ
ǸŮˣֵһ˷ܡ
ǡֵģͱޱȵѿͱޱȵķŭŭˣ³ƴսԲܡ
죡
ɷŭǱµĴʦսǱսң֮ǰҲ´ȫ׷Ů
㵽ãõ鱨ж㱨һеŮߣ󣬾Ȼ̰
Խ˵ԽŭһڴħʦؿڣϵģԭʵǿĴħʦ⣬ȻһķɣѪ硣
Χ۵Ͼ֪ԭ򣬴ħʦˣиȭͷСĿϱܲŰɫĹ⻪ȥֲ쳣
ŵزĴħʦ⣬ֵһЦִӴħʦĸеĶǸŮ²
ȻЦŻתħ
סඣǱűµ³һΣΪ˵ķϣͲƽˣǣһΣһҪÿɵޱȵĵ⡣
زĴħʦ⽫һڸҧ죬ɣṦͣ޳ܣ
Ṧͣ˭ˣתһЦ
ʱ򣬴ħʦͻƽתߵΰħῴģ
ˣһҵ㣬ŮˣһҪСĿܣŮ˵ܹ֣ǳĹ֣ͨѹ޷ס
˵꣬ɾͲĳȭͷ죬𣿱£𣿴ӽȥߵħ
Χ۵ڶħְԱЦħħֵһħֻ񣬶ңͽҲٵĿ
ְԱĲ˳ЦǳЦ
һЩƽʱϵְԱֻ˵ħʦô£ΪʲôϢأ
ϧˣһ׮Ĺͣʹ˷ˡ
ޱȵޱƣֻЩһǳЦ
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ҪǰħֵһϢй¶ͱһĸֵôɵĽµſأ
ҴҵĻصԼľȡһСͨѶŲһϱֻĸ֡һ
׽õеǸŮˣֵֻԱһ£ͼæȥսս洵ǰְԱеķţսս洵ķͶӰ
ڵ֪еǸŮ˱׽֮ϵķƷ洣ûеôˡ
ΪҪ׽ǸŮ˵ģ塣
ޱȷļƷôҪƯЩְҵأսս活еġ
ָڵǽһͣǽеǸŮӣٶѺ⵽ڣʱ򣬻ͽա
ħͣЩ߸ϵǣȻޱȵѸ١
ȷ֮ϵ֮󣬾һʦżʦѺ⡣
Ϊ洴ͣǸŮˣЩ⡣
ˣȻޱȵĸˣͼɣҲܵսս洵Ľ͡
˳ĴλȨصĴʦصΣڴ󷨽֮󣬷ֵɾ±ˣ
׵±ˣ
һǰֹؽصεǸŮ²ƾʧˣ
Ȼƾʧˣ
ҪǣŮ²ʧˣŵĸأֲõ󷨽ƣȫ
һɲǣһҪĸо
ͣ겻ɣޣû£
ǣ겻ȴŪħǾˣ
ǾԲµġ
ΪϴԼ˱ʰĴħʦΪ֤
һ֮ʣ񹬵ĴʦȻţȻҪֵġ
ԲµԱȫҪ飬ְԱͨħ塣
ȻҪĵţţħ¡ŭ
У񹬵ĴʦǷ¡
һ׽ǸеŮˣΪȥ죬ϵ˿̾ûʧ
ʦȡһ洴ϣȻġ
崫е컯֮ɵ˿ڣ컯֮ʵһ˵޷ָģ
ôˡ
ħʦ׽סеŮ²ħֵṦѫṦѫӴħʦľڲˣĴ֮£úò׽еŮ²ߣ
Ϊʲôߣи컯֮ҲͿԽˣ
ǴħʦĴ֮һ
зֵĵڶ£Ҳħŭޱȣ
ֵȻһɱһλĻħߣΪԭ򣬽ǸʮһĻħ߸ˣ
ŵ˼ʧ


1324 ħʵ
գֵ̰ľٶһλĻħ£ΪĳЩԭ򣬶෽ԭ򣬱µλʦ
ǣⲢ񹬴÷ֵɡ
±µλʦǶһҲû١λĴʦΪ£ȵĲ
ԣڸ񹬻㱨սʱϽĵУһĶ
ԭֻ̰ѣڵУȴǰ޽ºֻ֪һζĴ
ɵ޴λ׽Ů²ٴܡ
¼ĽϽȻϽ·͵սսս洴ŭ
ƽϢսս洵ŭ𲻵ö֪ǶħֵɵĴãȴٶˡ
ħֵ֮٣޴ȴ±ﲻˡʱְѺħ
ͷѾֵλɶԣǼصģ˵ǰŬ׵ˡ
⣬ɳֵħ尵ԭҪȻֱӱūпܡ
ϣܹħΪְԱҵһְħ壬̫һСļ˵ǳħһĴħʦˡ
ɱһ𣬴ħʦⱳļѾʼˣ书ѫǸ컯֮ɵһֱ޷ָ˿ڣһλʦҩų׻ָ
һʵʵĹټⱳɹıΪһħֵĴ
ֻΪﵽܹʦĳƺţΪֵ
ˣ¼һϵкʱĻ
ħʦһħֵĴ˱ĵߡĵߣӦǿţţħ¡ŭ
˴֧֣ţ¡ŭʼʵػǸʵʼͻͽ
Ȼ˽ǱϵߣʵϣǵҶ棬ĵߡ
¡ŭ˵ȨԽʵԽǿôҶδõĺôͻԽ
ԭֵɣǴ˴¼ֱܺߣֱѺħ˼Ҳûи׵ô¡
ƺֻ̰ĵһΣͲ㷸ĪһӴƶ˵䡣
һֱ벻ͨǸŮ²ôߵġȻ񹬷ĽǶԷӵ컯֮ôһеĲ˼ҲͿԽͨˡ
ǣļҲиˣͨǸŮ²ӵе컯֮ܿɲؽƵĵΡ
ǣ컯֮棬ҲֻһֲθߵӵãɲؽƵ֮УҲƾʧ
ãҲӦһۼǣȫûС
ϧǣɱصħЩΪһδ֮ա
£ҲֲֻһеҶĻ֣⵱еİء
ǸŮ²ʵֻǰ³һ̫׵ıԴϣһŴгֹϢѪѡ
Ԫ鰢Ļ˵̫׵ıԴڣƾɨ裬λǽ͵սսԵҲ޷ֱ
ֻҪԪ鰢Ը⣬һűԴûŮ²ʱԻޡ
Ϊ˽棬ҶôħʦվŲɢеķóֹ˼ƣƭ˵Ŀֲ˿ڡ
ҶõϢʱģҶ滹̾Ϣһ䣬յĽԤģǲһ㡣
ҶļƻǸֵΪһλĻħߵԭ򣬿ܻΪħƷڵ׼׼
գֻǹħꡣ
һ㣬嶼Ȩġ
ҶҲǿˡ
Ҷ治֪һ໥֮εħħķֵ໥֧֮£ɳһʲôĹ̥

֣ҵڣ㵥ֳһռԼĪ﷽ԲأΪеأͬʱҲ֮ܰеһħū˽һŮūһħūͬʱΪӵڵһ֧Ȩ
ΪڳһĿ֮⣬ӵһ׻֧ÿſԳһǧ׻񣡡ħǾ޴ݳ޵ڣһ߾پ⣬һ߸ҶŽ
Ҷʳָߵǰ޴ʳһǧ׻֧֮а׻أʲôʱң
⣬ýħЦ֣׻񣬲ԶţʵĿҪһʱ䡣
׻Ǽڵص׻һܺϣǣҲǼ峤ԣֻĳ
ԣҶЦãʮ꣬һꣿĻǵĺǾûбҪ˰ɣ
ħæҡͷŵģ֪ģ׻ҲƷģƷ׻Ʒ׻񣬲ܴ
룬ֿ϶ϲƷ׻񣬶ʺܶƷ׻񡣡
Ȼ
ΪǼڲԭŪƷ׻׻ҿΪṩʮͨ£һٽƷ׻ܻһƷ׻
ֵ˵Ҳװɣ˵
ף
ôһµЩħһʵҲò˶ãҾҪħսˣҪѫԣҪһЩǿĻħ˵
ӽףҶʵ
ǰɣ
֪ģΪħߣҲƾҵʵҪЩսħ꣡
ң˵
ɽ
ôһǧħʵأҶħ˧ʵ

ԥһ£֪ģħʵÿһħ嶼ҪӵЧ̵ʱڴȵǵʵ󡣡
˵ţҶüͷ
󣬼ȱҵݣÿõħҲǸɫʮŶѡħŶǵʵǳѸ٣һﶼûдģ˲Ҫ֮⡣
£Ҫʱܻܹһǧħʵʱ䣬϶Ȳˡ
ԣҵöһЩǳֶΣŪôħʵ׵ģҪܴķա
ԣϣħʵ뿪ʱ䣬Ƿݽͬʱ˵ġ
ԣ
һ£û뵽ҶӦˬ죬Ҷһ仰εĿЦ
ôҪǿĻħ뿪ʱҲܸ
գҶּۻ֮Уճ
ô֮ǰ׼õĸʮħʵͷĿǰֻ㣬ľŰپʮţһ֮ڸ׼ã
ħʵҶǰʱҶ滹ûʲôоҶ滳Ľ߰Ⱦ̾үģ˰죬ħʵԭ⡣
һǧţ̫ˣ⣬ŪһţʮŶ


1325 ̥
ڱүҵļУ֮һȱ̷Ǹһû֮ǰҲǷǳġ
ô˵ɣĻ㣬һ˵ٶȣϿʮң
ãҪĲٶȣջ֮£Ʒʵ
Ʒʵ𣿼ǰħĻӣֻͨħĻѪǳʳٰʮĹѪͻᱻᴿΪϹħѪ
˵ֻҪ㹻õʱ㹻ӵ̫ʱħѪпܵģ
СˡǼһΪʱܹ޽ӽԶžѪΪԶž塣
ʱɤӣŪսǿսûʲôģԪ鰢·һ㣬˵һѣҶ۷ֱ
Сһ˵ģҶ鸮֮ѯС
СѰ˼һ£Щ̫ȷĴҲûҵйĴм䣬һļʶһģ
һ仰ûԪ鰢˵ķһΣСѾͷƬӣǵһγҡ
Ϣģһľ̴ҶƤ̽ݺݵԪ鰢Դð˲Ϣ鴤
Ϣ֮󣬰Ű۵ⶼûǣ
ô˵ǳҪඣСèΣҶʵ
򵥣ֻҪ㹻ǻֱᴿ۾һ̫ʼ׻ѪҲпܵġ˵
Ҫ٣Ҷʵ
⿴˭ˣСѾͷƬӡ˵ţֱСľ̸һ¡
һ֪Ҫᣬǲİ
һöСѾͷƬҪһܹ޽ӽѪƽĳ̶ȡ
СèǸǻҪһ̫ʼ׻ѪĻû£ҹ԰ڿżơ
ԣҶ淭һۣڿţ㻹粻˵
˵ҶүĿ궨̫˰Сèǵ̫ʼ׻Ѫ£ʮʮţʮʮСèǸǻӵڻѪڻһе츳ͨҲźܴĿԣ
˵ţԪ鰢Ը˿ˮСèǸǻܹ׵ľڻѪʱȥǾȥﰡ
Ҷüͷȴ˵󣬵СèͻƵѪǰ׻޵ıԴѪСӵеİ׻һѪӦø׾Ѱ׻޵ѪɣôڻѪ
˵ҶЩͷ󣬺ǻҰ
ԣȴǷ˼İۣүģ֪֪ܸӰ
ţǻһĳһѣǽҶ泶˼֡
ȣСèڵѪЩأΪСèƷĵ͵ԭ򣬵СèΪͻƣչ߽޵ѪСèĿǰѪȽϸӡ
СèĿǰѪУзǳٵһϢٷ֮һûУǣСèɵڻĹյСèӵڻһɵѪ
ȻڻѪ׻ǵѪռһɣСèռλģȴǳֹŪİ׻޵ѪҪǰ׻޵ѪƷ̫ˡ
ˣ׻޵ѪƷ̫ˣ׻̫ް׻ֱϵҪСèڰ׻޵Ѫ۵ϣСèӵа׻ǿ츳ͨ
ҲǣҪ뽫׻޵Ѫ۵ϣҪһֵ
ĹƣԼҲһڿŰɣֻǾһ̫ʼ׻Ѫİٷ֮һҡ
Ǹ̫ˡ
СèڻѪֻҪʮŶѣƺһԴĿꡣ
֮ڻѪ٣Ҫڻ̫Ű׻һĵǵᡣ
Сèӵ׻޵ѪУӵһڻѪ
ܸӣ֮ڻѪȽһ㡣
ССèһԣҲޱȵҪԪ鰢˵
Ҷԣʲôã
ҪΪط۵Ƶٶʮϡ֮£ССèúͺôҪĶ࣡
ȻԶԣٶȲط۵ƵٶȶԣҪޱȣ
ҶĬһ£ô֮Ҫඣ
ȻԽԽãСèǸḁ̊́ǣѪ⣬ز٣˵
һ仰ҶߣΪСè̥ǣ


1326 ֹı
Ҷ沢ûоסڽħڣһ̸֮Ҷʹųֹ˽ħ͵Ǹռ﷽Բء
﷽Բأܴʵڴܣһ±ߵͨСضѣеСص֡
ޱȾǺĴ½֮һ
֧֮ҶһŮūһħūһū˽ͬҶһأ֮⣬ΪҶнֵµħΪͨڵĵͼֶۣ͸Ҷʮħʮū
ʮħõĿ󹤣ʮūȫūССС
ħؽ磬õūЩħһЩЩӵ飬͸ɲûȫɲˡ
ūһṩͬͬ飬ūɵ飬ԱЩħҪɫʮϣʵһ֮⡣
ħͿԳ꣬һ̥̥ѹܹȵġ
ˣħؽ磬ūĲƸ£ռкܸߵĵλЩһżū
󲿷ūĵλǺܵ͵ġ
򷢸ҶһʮһūȻŪҶ棬Со׳һ·ǱȽңóֹѡ
һ·нȻͬΪūЩλϸߵū˽ҹūӪ֮УŮӾһ
Ϊֹ飬첻ʱ䣬͸Ҷһū˽Ҷնɱǧˣֶֹ硣
Ҷɴཫλͳħū˽ūλͨ񾳵Ķսħȫǣƣ
һūǵֹסֶ硣
ҶûıħؽϵūˣƤӵ·飬ܼķΧڣҶһġ
Ϊ˼ǿƣҶֽū˽֮еİħȫ˳ΪҪ
ò˵ħħ֮еĵλĺܵͣȻħū
ħǿĻħȻǺʵĳԥķſԼ꣬Ҷ泹׵Ŀǵꡣ
Щħūһ
ħūūħؽ磬һֲƸƸҪͨң̫
ԣǵģħ۵һֿԴūӡĿūǷ׵ʱֱӽ׿ūǷͿԡ
ֿãҲޡ
ҶǣЩħ꣬ǳ׵Ŀơ
죬ҶͽһΪûдﵽĻħȫ˿ڣ˼ģΪڡ
ЩħΪ֮󣬾ͨӰꡢطǸҶ֧ūùˡ
ԣ֧ҪҲܵǸΪأҪЩūΪϢ̫ˡ
ûֻСԪޱŨĺĴ½Ԫҹҹϴӵ˿Ȼ龳ǻ꺣ߵнٶȺܿ죬ͨ񾳵ߣֺ
µ·̣ҶԼֻҪʱѡ
Ľ飬Ҷ浽صȴͿԣѺֹͣȺūʱ򣬵һʱ;Ҫһ·
Ǹͷʵ̫ޡ
Ԫ鰢˵꣬Ҷʹһָһɲǣ׵ģС˦ǧٱޣݺݵĳ˰ϣİҽ
󣬲Ҫ˵ֻʱ򣬿Ҫ˵ģһԥĽͷ
Ҷү״үԲǻǰɣֺҶ档
үҲУǽߡ
ҶĿͻؿ˶ߵʮūģһ΢
Ǽ΢ȻҶļ²ѡ
ҶþĿȥͻһ
Ϳһ򵥵ɫȹĳֹվģ˷ūЩūȫʮūеС
С޼ˣħūͻ˵СԼĪǧˣȫڳֹߡ
ֹ΢գӣɿĿţһ΢Ҷļ²ѵɢĪģǧе״Ȼɿĺת
վ˵׳Ů֮ǰͻɵĹۣɿĺתȻЩһϢĺӣɿڸĸĻϲ
վģЩˣ׷ԲֻŮ̧ߵˣĪ֮УȻƾվ
һЩ˻ŧֹˣȻɿĺת
Ϣ֮Ļ쳹
ʮūΧųֹ·һ㻶ЩӡԼǵǣ档
ʲôҶһ
һΣԪ鰢ûϻش𣬶ǶһĽ͡
һҶץסĽ߰һͻڴš
컯Ѿںһ컯ģôԪ鰢ͻصɴ۾
ֹ˲Ϣκǧūˣô˻ָ˻ʮūĻЩħūū˽⶯ѡ
ǵҲвߣū˽ڶӵųˣŻ壬һȺħū˽ȻΧȥҪֹҲһǡ
ЩħūûйūҶ氲ŵͨ񾳵ūͷͷûֹ֮⡣
ǣЩħūȫΧȥǿҪֹҲһ¡
ħؽ磬ū͵ȵģͬΪūħūҲūĴүһٹ̵Ĺ
ϧǣǰЩħūıУóֹ˼£ȻԸ⣬ϴʾܾ
Щħūƽūǰ˴ү⼸Ҷĺֶǿûж֣һԻİΧȥ
ոձֹεūȻῴŮһĳֹܵ˺׷ŭŷ
һͻˣһū˽еͷħһƣͽһиƵڵأ˷׷׶
ۿžͻиĳͻż֮£ֹͻطһŭĴ̶ޱȵļ
ɲǣҶҵĲһ¡
ڳֹļУЩµħūԴ׷׵ըѡ
ǵҺŴըѵԴӳǸ״ͷ׷ײı˳ֹԣƾôڣҲ
ǧħ۽ڳֹܣͲľͽֹŵһŹֹΪŶò԰׵ϣͻؾ˼ƺʲô
Ϣ֮󣬳ָֹһ㷭ڷɿĽǧӵӡ֮һɭɭϢشӳֹ𣬻һŻӰ
ŻӰһ̽ͷ·һ㽫ֹܵǧħȫɣɭɭϢҲɿ
Ĵ˸ã鶢һҶķȻϢ˳ֹ
һĻҶĿɿڴҲ˶ģ


1327 Ҳ
԰үģⲻԾĽ߰Ǵųצ۾Ǵ㵡
ȷʵ컯ֱӸɵǧħūٳ顢ʹģҵļ䡭
УӦʥŮеǣʥŮеֻʥŮ򰡣氡ֹôᡭ
Щ񾭴ҵ˼üĿҶ棬ȴüͷĺ߳
ǰλħ᳤޳˳ȥǸаҶҰصĻħһһ־
ıӳЩ궯ħŰ
Щū£
ÿٱӣ´ΣֱӴҶһ£ͨ񾳵ūͷͷͱħǰڵأžžžĿ
ЦǰЩһƴСȻСҲһӣҲȥ֡
ֻС£ūͷĿȴŻˣΪĸܵ귽ŭ
һΣǵˣ˵ĽǺԥĻ
࣬¾ѵҶֹֽٵʵ
Щδĳֹ˵ͷӦǰɣͷһЩħ壬طܵľóˣ
УҶ磬ҷһļһֹһϲɫĳҶ˵
Ҷ˵ֹһ֣ͽոǧǸ˳ڳֹĿ£Ǹֱһ㣬ıֹ߶
սҶ治֪ϢɭҶһֲĸо
ǳֹߣһ飬Ӳıֹߡ
һҶͻȻһֿǵ࣬˵𣿡
ֹһ£
ҶһǰĽ߰ԣҪ֪ܹŪҶһ£Ҳû
УΪ幫ĳ֣һš
ҽ
ģҸʵЩ԰֮Уûеģ
㸸ģ
ϵ£ÿʮ꣬ҸǧҸʹһ³ӣ͸һЩϧġ
ֻ͵ԵţģڼܺóԣȴҸѵһ٣˵˷䣡ֹ˵
Ҷţ࣬ʥʼ¡Ϊ䣬ֹ͵ŶҪѵ⣬ɼ
ʥӵõֻǱߣôǱŪĿԣ̫ˡ
ǰħƬֻᣬƺħ塢ҲļڲһҲħʵĹ԰
ˣôħ취
ˣ࣬Ŀǰڡħĵϣ㣬Ҫ̫Ķע⣬ðһ㡣ҶѵĶһ䡣
֪ˣֹٴ˺촽ܲȥǱߣָָֹūĶ飡
ҶЩɻԳֹĳŶ೤ʱ䣬ȻϲǸζūһˣ
ϲϵϢߵġֹƳһҶܵħ塣
ðɣȥɣҶεĵ˵ͷ
ָܲЩħ壬һֹͻط˵
Ҷԥһ£ųֹڴ񣬵˵ͷҪʲôԸҰ
ԣֹЦҾ֪һӦģ
һӹȥĳֹҶͻطһ괫£ͲżηҲҼƻôӻȥ
Ҷһ¡óֹһ͵أͷҶһۣȥ飬Ҷᰲźõġ
ڼŷأҶ磬㲻ģؾһ޴𣬳ֹһҵ
Σ
ûΣ䵽ħؽӣȻÿյսľ̶̶ʮеÿһ죬ҹȥʮܺͻҪʣҪɣ
Ҿģʮ죬ҹȥʮÿһ춼ظǰһܣϲӸһ㣡ֹҶ˵
Ҷ˳ֹбǱڵ˼ôȥ
Цŵ˵ͷӦò̫죡
õ϶Ļش𣬳ֹͻسҶһЦУϲҲ࣬ᡮ¡ĸ֣
˵꣬ЦУֹͶūȺУĺȳЩħǣܿģֹЩžηĿūŮһš
ЩūеŮˣΪ·Ůһĳֹ·ߵСݡҰʯ飬ǵָ¶ܱɾɵ
ʱʱĻūһ߳Щ߿Ƶ裬żūѧ裬ūƽؿֵС⣬ʱóֹȴ˵ԡ
µʱתۼڳֹ˵ЦУҶŽʮūִĵ졣
ҵǣŽɫħ壬ȫѪµħ壬ҪȻʮūȥ˻
ҶİţʮūȫҪȥ׻ģڳֹҪ£ʮūΪͨʳЩħūŮūȫȥڿ
ҶҲںոոҶ׻һ꼸ǧ׻Ҷ滹治ϡ
֪Ҷܹãܹжã
֮ǰҶͷħ徵ڵϹŲǳ˶õģҪǳãħؽڵľû᳹׵ı
ħ࣬Ҳһᣬڵǧٹ֣Ѫʵˡ
ϹŲſҶƣħؽڲ϶ڽһӣҶ㣬ȷͷˣͨϹŲ뿪
ңҶ滹Ҫħ⣬϶ô뿪ġ
ΪʲôɫҵҪһ֣Ҷ濴ɫͬħʵʵ
ʵɫЧ࣡Ľ߰˵
ħߣΪʲô˵ħʵҶɻ
ΪħʵҲ绷ӰȽϴ˹ľͻɫɫħʵҪһģľϵ˷ãôͻḽ᳤һΪ
ħһ޴ޱȣŻɫħʵʵЧһǸ죬ϻһ򿪾ֹס
Ҷһɫħʵ¡
ʵڼһгҶȫҶԪɵ⻪һ˸ôһ
һɲǣҶһͿʼֻöƵϵơ
һҪһӲӦ̲ؼϵƣһɲǼ䣬Ҷ͸Ӧˡ
ҪǣҪӦãܽԼϵвһ
ڣĪӳ£ǰеĵƵ硢֮ǰ˽һٱܿľԼڵ֤
һöȱĵҶϸ֣


1328 
ҶЧ֮ҪŪ뷨ӵļᶨˡ
Ľ߰ԣԣЧҲǼġ
ԭڴ߶ԣΪ⣬ڲ۵ƣջ֮£иʮʮĹˮɡ
ҶߣȴΪС̥ҶΪһһ߲鷳ĵƲų鷳
ûдƵļӳ֣Ҷ鸮ڵ޷ܸǿͨ񾳵ġŵµƳ谭ҶΪϰ
£һҪͨ񾳵Ҫ۰öƣÿ˵ĲٶȲһĵʱҲһ
Ҷ֮ǰٶԼһµʱܹöƳͷϵĹŲνһĵƲࡣ
ҶĿǰĶ̰ǽҪ̰壬ʮҵʱ䡣
ʹ֮Ҷ淢֣̫ˡ
Ľ߰˵ʮʮ屶ϣ
ӦҶڵǿɫйء
ϣ֮һʱ䣬ҶܹһöƣһǾʮöơ
ֻҪʱ䣬̰壬ҶֻҪ߸µʱѡ
ǰǣԳ
ϣҶһҪܱ֤ÿ춼۳һöơ
ħҶħʵʮţֻʮţֻҶһ¶ѣ⣬ûССèķݡ
Ľ߰ԣöԣֻܹø׵ĸӦӿٶȡ
ССèԣȴ̥ǡ
Ľ߰˵ħԣһЩѪͨѪĲǳ
СèۣС޽ӽԶžѪֻ޽ӽѣԶžĻ塣
һͨѪΪԶž壬ͻԶžе츳ͨ
ǾǻħһĻħӵе츳ͨһ㣬кûеĲ𣬼ֱ֮𰡡
ϧǣĿǰԣҶ滹ûŪħʵļƻ
һ£ҶͿʼ߽ħһŵĴߴ٣Уһв
ƵĽħεĸϵҶڵĵҶ档
֣֪ÿһħʵ֮󣬶ޱȵҪħʵԼʵ
ǣһ㣬ֻ˵Ǹ˵ңħ֮еħۡħҲӵħʵ
ⶫʳһ㣬ֻżܹһεʳѣҾģӦÿ˷ίȰ
ǣǷħʵһǧţҲǽף˵ţҶοѾǰ֧˽׳ɹµħΪͨ񾳣
ȻˣôԼÿһͨ񾳵ĻħЭ飬ϣ
ЩѿǲԼ££
жˣҶȵ
˼ˣ
ħڴָһڳ˸ɫħʵһʮţЩǿһˣеĴˡ
ٹһ£һؼһˣһŪ㹻ħ
ԣҶ۾һ
ϣȷһ£ħڵħ壬ȷʵϡޱȵħʵ
۾һУҶħ˧ͻ˵ħļأǸ˵ħŮ۳ɵڵأ
һȷʵôط
ôɴ˵ħŮ۶ɵģΪʲôħŮô᣿ħ˧ѹʵ
ҲֻǴ˵
˵ħ˧һΪܴܲȥʶһǿħƾõĴ˵֮һ

ħЩԥħ˧ǱϷһ㣬͵һлֱ˵Ըȥʹʹġ
ǣæǿԴǰȥģֻһԣڼ֮ʱֻܴԵĸǰ
ǵһȥǵίˣ
ô˼£Ҷʵ
ǣæȷʵ뷨ζ룬һλصĻħߣĿǰʵϲܡ
αװҵ˼ǣڻصʱڣҪǰǰαװҵ£ʱ򣬻ҵ˵
û⣡
ҶӦһΣҴһǧħ
һǧħҶԥһ£ĵУĻ˻֣ȻҵֵܣôҲ㵱ˣһǧħⲻ󣡡
״Цָ
֮һͨڡڡŰڵĻħϲص뿪ˡ
ΪǿĻħսǿħ֮䣬Ҳޱȵ
һμֻҪϼĻħǾǾޱȵﰡܹʮǰٱ棡
һ֮Ҷյ˽ħĴѶһ֮סػϡ
࣬ҽССè㣬СڣӦܹİȫңΪĳЩԭСԳ׵ָϵħū
⣬һЩİţһ£С¡ٳ֮ǰҶֹĽ
ֹУƺʶʲô
ֺֻܴǶҶСģûж˵ʲô
Ҷٳŵʱ򣬳ֹǾ䡮ҵҶͷ͵ů
ʵҶԼҲ֪еΣϾǼ£Σտ϶еġ
ͬʱΪӦֵܳΣգҶԱǰ
ħ˧ΪȻߴأƷħټսѪļӳ֣֮£ж֡
ǣħ˧̫һˣһѲ飬޲ߡ
ҶıͲһˣͨҪҵħʵ䣬ħ˧ҲΪ
ϾʱҪħʵ䣬Ҫȡãƾ͵ƾֶˣʱ򣬻ҪҶı֡
ϾֻҶıʩչݡ
ԣҶɴջħ˧Ȼħ˧ڣѪɫħʱʹӿټһ㰢³̫׵ıԴʱħߵٴγ֡
̫׵ıԴ˵ħۣЩħ嵱棬Ҳ޷Ҷαװµı塣
ϸ۲ʱ򣬾ͻᷢʱĵ֮ǰĵһ鶯֮֮ǰĻħߣζӦħζ
һҶ洩һ·ʽ¼ף̤ϹŲ
Ϊ¼յϹŲֻ˶ʮ죬Ϳˡ
Ѿ¿Žµʱ䣬̲ɷǳܣÿһͨϹŲħ壬Ǵūħ壬صѲ


1329 ħֵ
ͨϹŲתΣֳŸɫ·죬ǿħл۽ıء
Ž뱾أнٶ˶űؾۼ
ÿǵˣֻҪʱ䣬һ᷵رأΪʱʱǷһϧԴħʵȵȡ
ͬʱҲҪϵ룬ݵĲͬɵĳͬ
ΪҶħߵݣĽύһ·ʱʱ괫Ҷ죬ħһЩҶͷǡ
ħ壬ÿħ嶼ظӶҡ
ħ壬ǱͳΣħһ񹬣һǿ
еǲƣ񹬾ǲһ㣬䱾ҲȽϻңħ֮УֻлѪһ壬ȴǻӡ
ֵµħ壬кüʮ֡
ͳϵʮֵĻңħڲͷǳҡ
ŵɫˮȴɽ֮󣬵˺Ҵ㿴
һ·ţһҲħصĺĵشǣһиַ񡢴Сɫʽ۾ĳǳء
ÿһνˣԻļƤ
Žǣһ·ˣͣͣ´кϣͬĳ
Կóǻֵ֮ͬвܴħ嶼ȺһߣΨһˡ
ҶƣǻԸž޴Ĺϵ
ʲôöûи׼һݰЦشԶ
һЦȴһ£ǿߣ
ǶǶһܿǸЦ͵Գħı壬ߴʮ׵Σһǰ׾룬ǵĸ
һֻ޴ĽѾǰסһˡ
ҵѣѲҴҸҶ潻һ䣬ʾҶһ㣬εӭȥһӭȥһִӶһĻħ
˵㲻ȥûṻҾȻҶߣѸֶһϷʵĿ
ħҲһЦ
ҶԾǣ⼸ֵܣȫΪǸѣΪϢޱȵǿߴء
ǿͨ񾳾۷Ϊһȣֱûñȡ
ƺǲҶǰ̫ӣ괫һ䣬֣ҵùйأȥһһεħһջûУͬ壬û˻ϹħĴУջܴ󣬻õļĽҲ࣡ԣ
ѣɷ˵һԾŶ
Ҳɷ򣿡޼ɵָָЦλħҲĴЦ
ɫûʲô仯СԸܹˣϰˡ
ҽصظҲ׼һһĻħ˰ɣǿһЦݣӳһ̽Ƿ
ħ
΢΢һĶ飬һۣ۾͵˸Բʮħȫħͣ
¶һĨЦݣֻҪѴ˾ͺá
ѵĿɨҶʶıܿĽҶԼħ帹ǳ鷳һֱϢϢµάֵңֵ͵
ڵľһô䣬ɢʲôϢɢʲôϢ
οа̫׵ԼΪϢʵɲ顣
Щʡ⣬Ǻġ
ѽһۣĿĶס˴ͷҶ棬ܾǰħ͸ĸһ㡣
һҲҪˣָָҶ档
ֻһħļֵ֪ģûзָҶ棬ԵʱѾŵЦһһһѾץҶ档
ҶˣѾ͵ˣֱǻ
һ̤΢Ĳһ£Ȼѵһצˡ
ˣͬʱҶһ£ĿǰΪֹҶ沢¡
ţһĻħȻҶ㣿ѵɫرòһڵССħȻܹһЩҲסˡ
һٴĳ֣ץҶ棬һεٶȣԱϴοˡ
عͷͿץҶһĻ
ʱ۾ͺˡ
ħ֮Уûʲôֵ壬ûʲôѵֻܹǿħ廹млõĵλء
ħߵδϣֻҪֵŪһƱԴΧӳֻĻħͿħսսƿؾȨ
ȨͿԻõĸϡȱԴΪȻˣΪˣֵд׺ͽ˭
ץҶ棬ڶϾϣԣ˲ͺˡ
ѣҹȥͷĵֻ͵һ¶Ⱦ˵ĳͺѡ
ҳҶ֣㻹бṻЦһ˷ͷֻͬʱģȴһɫĹ⻪
ʱİɫĹ⻪ֱӱɢ˶İƻаɫĹͷĺ
꣡
Ҷعѵǰɫ˹ĸ߸߷𣬿Ѫ硣ȰİƿϣҶǹѵ
ߣ㳤ԣǡߣҸû˵ĵط㣬ĲƸȫҵģ
˵ţйһϿ˼ţǴѾӣȣǹͷѵҶ涼á
ºְ
ǸоҶڿͷѪǹǶ˴ǿҶ漷һѿЦ֮Цٺ٣ҵֵܣħ壡ѣţЩһ죬һỹģһỹġ
ǻħĹأ㲻ҪˣÿһħӵܵĲƲʥģû˸Ӳ
ɴǻ˷ëĲҶͷһ˿
ƺЩˡ
ȱħĻ壬ʵҲħ壬Ǹֻʵħ壡
ڽµЦ˭˵ģ͵ĺòã
Ͳͣ㲻ͣӽʹȫĹͷͷѵٴҽһȴǻӲޱȵļеɱңб£ھɱң
У·һ㣬һͷѵСȾҧ˹ȥǷģЩƺﻢ˰
ҪӲ治ð졣
ʱߵһħ帽Ѷߵˣ۾ͻһһ߿ЦҶ档


1330 
ûҸ㣬ҾûֻǻһĻħһһ˳۵ģ⵽Ķ˵ùȥɣѽƻЦţץҶ档
˵ôͬͬ⣿Ҷ
һһ㣬һĻħǻҪͬͬ⣡ӿ˳ۣĸ
ôӿ㲻˳ۣù
ݣ
Ѫĵⶸر𣬷·һѪɫһѵצϣҶϢҲһɲǼ쭵ͨ񾳾۷塣
꣡
ǵץҶֱ֣ӱҶһ¡
ֱ˶ƵڵأѲžֵļңһĻħȻң
شѵģƬѪɫ⣬һҶÿһܹĺһ󲽣ÿһѵһ˿ڡ
ûһĻħ
ǣħȻһĻħ򲻹
ħĳ裡
Ӧɱϴˢ裬㻹Ÿʲô
ÿһҶŭһһЩһ룬⼸ֵܵĴ֣ѻ᲻ᱻҶɵǶ˵
ҪҶģһʼûоȫȴҶһشҶȻֻͨ񾳾۷ʵƷħѪǳȴҶкڵĴڵĹ
ȻħĴӪɱħĻ飬ҶǲɵģҶ滹ûɵ̶ֳȡ
Լҵֵܾ£ǻһϵƣѵޱȵѿ
ˣ
ˣһĻħȻҴң˭춼ס㣬һҪɱ㣡Уѵĵֻ䶯һ£͵һ̺ſֲϢİɫֱĺҶ档
ɱ֣ҶĶ죬һɢޱϢȴɢаޱȵĻɫ׹⣬ĴҶԺ
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·ϴһ㣬ɫĹɫ׹⣬ͷ·ѩһֱڣɫ׹·һĵֻ֮С
ʱѾ;ֶʹĲҽ
ҵ۾
ҵ۾
ɫȥѵĵֻʱͱͲѪ᳤ϢĹѵĵֻ۴һںڵĴѪˮͱŧˮ
ףţһħȻ֮ѵһֵܾҶĿѾһ˿֡
ôѵħͲ𣿷ǣ˼ᣬ͸Ůһ㺿ޣֱħ棡
ҿǼǻүǣҶŭ߳
ףǼħֻ˵֣˵֡
ҶղʩչģΪףǴľ׵ļ򻯰棬Ǽ򻯰棬ҲԴа׶ѡ
ҪҶһħ֣ʩչаףǿɾĲýˡ
аյǻħһĿǣ
׾ͺýͶˡ
ף׹׹ٻõƺʹط֮еһ֣аһ㣬ڱȽϼ򵥵׷
ֻҪǷϵƲ򣬾Ϳʩչһס
ףƾƾ޷ʩչˣҪҶȥľмаɷɾɷ飬ʩչס
Ѿ̶ֳȵľףŽпֲ
ѣǷźѵľףôѴʱѾһ̲ŧˮˡ
Ҷǡүǡһ
ˣôˣǵһүǣ
ҧڲ֪˶ٽصĶϹǣȻƾӲվһĿ˲ҺѵѣһֻĴ󹫼һ㡣
ʵѽеĲҰʵҪϮʹ̡
ħĵֻ۵ĽҪ͸˵ŵһ㣬ŵ׻һ飬ٹһε磬ٳһͨĸоڵĸо
̶ûϣǰװүֵԣҶָһԾţǻˡ
ҶǰΪ쭵صĺô
ǰҶʩչаףǾܹҶˣʩչС
ڣҶΪ۷壬֮ǰۻʮڣҶʩչаףɵӸʮǲڻ£Ҳǲࡣ
Ҷһвһ˸ɫ
Ͼħ壬ȻʵѪ׼ҲɭޱȣҪһħĽħĻ˲￪ħһ嶼ߣ˳裬ǳ裡
ڣħҶ鷳
ǣҶת䣬ǾͲһˣ
ѣҵһħū򲻹ǰϴ󣿡ҲǲʱͽҶˡ
ȥңᣬɫȫ£ֻҪôɣһŤͷͳҶ
ҶȥǼħͽ͸ĻħҪˣǵԶΧ۵ħôЦ
һµʱħӵ֮䶷Źǳɵˣ£Ż˿飡
ţҵţиļһһŪһᣡ˷ټʱŵֻ۵
յһ£ҳһħʵԶΧ۵һǰ̽
ҳһǧħʵŪһͨ񾳵ĻħЦ
УǱˣѾطĻ꺣ڴӡǿػǷ֣Ҳܽ׵֣
һָ仰ǳ׵Ķž˺󻼡
ħϳܵʱǷʷʵѾʹŤ̷´˵ʱҶ¶һмЦݡ
֣죬лл㣡
ҾģģǰҪ˳۵õĶ࣡Ҷ٩
ҷģӽֵܣֵܣòҵֵܣ㶼ŵùֵܣ֣֪ǵһ˵ĺֵܣһļ
ϵģҶͷͻһֻ׵ĸо
һ壬ܵħؽ磬һħĺֵܣ
ˣ֣ˣʱ䣬㻹ǶôŪħʵ㻹ҾŰٿأҶܿ⡣
һεĿЦ㲻ң
ǲħֵܣ
Ҫ˵߶У𣿡Ҷ̯֣ΪֹӦҵ飬һûȫ֣
ħʵֻ׻񣿶ҴӦģ˰ɣ
ոϴȥѪ۵ϣѵõһ˿ȻҪʱ䣡
İɣǣһŪħʵģȻôʣ꣬һеģ϶˵
ҶȴЩɻ󣬲ʵķҪʲô


1331 ԩ·խ
Ҷ治֪νʵķʲôǣɳŵҶһǧħʵҶȣǧ֮嶼㲻ϡ
Ԫ鰢˵ҶԣǶƣиõġ
СǱߵ󲻶࣬һңͲˣСèǱߣҪһ֣ʮʮ֮䰡
ǴʥʣÿʮõҲǧŶѣҪʮϵҲǧϡ
֮ҶǱ˺ԣҶλĸħıǣ֮ǰû¡
ƬֻἰƺֲħʵĹ԰ڱ֮ڣǾģħ峤λϣȴ˭Ҳ֪
ӽǣڵլԺϢҶյ˱αװȻ½ħ˧˳
ֳһħ˧ħ˧ԼľڣҶһͷݣϢĶ˵صס
ҶģȻǹ԰ôռؿ϶С˵󣬾ڵصϹҲźܴϵġ
ҶᶨΪֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ӦÿҵǸ԰
ò˵ݷǳ죬ۻǵصףȻܲ󷨣ݴʱҪСġ
ǵص޷ƽȴޱȴķȫΪ˷ֹоͨǱĶ񶾷š
ЩţĽ߰ѣҶпܴ
Ĵ󣬵ǱСˣһҹĹҶڵصһ飬ȴûʲôջ
ȻҲȫûջһҹĹҶǱλħϵĵ±⣬ղķᣬղصıԵֵϵ￤Ĺˡ
Ҷȴס̰ģʲôûá
ҶеĿʲôǾ
һΪЩһĲر⣬¶иִӵصǱ鲿ǾĴݾߣòʧˡ
ѰһҹҶһĻת˾ͷһΣħ˧ΣϢ֮Ҷ汾ħ˧ٴγ֡
ħ帹أħıأҶ²òСģΪ£ñĺá
ħԺʱ򣬲ħĻǼһеħȻϽɸصջ񣬷ַʵʱ
ǰ죬Ҳ޷ţͣİݷüǣ
Ļ˵Щϸֻڹؼʱ̱侮ʯ
͵ҶǰкڵĻħǺսħϲ֮һ
κһħһ벻սֻܹͨħսĻħ޼֮
кڵĻħǲĻħʱЩ꺣Ļħ̫̫ˡ
ҪѪ֮Ըļһͨ񾳵ĻħҲûġã㹻ѪԸ˵ܹһĻħ
ĻħʱԾһĿĴսս
Ǳͳȥȥ꣬Ӻù࣬Ϲϵơ
ΨһķգѣǸһԴ챻Ҷ汩һ֮ͨ󣬾һ蹷һ㣬ʱʱ̵̿鷳ɵҶ棬ĳ̶ȡ
ʱ֣һϸݷãΪӣҶһ¶ֻڸš
ԶģҶͿҲһϵĸϡ
ڿٸϹģҶ汾ܵľĲ̫Ծ
ΪħĻӵܣ⼸İŶ࣬ǻƴȨıô
Ҳ̫˰ɣѾг̵ڶһˡ
ǼһˣǱԶһ㣡Ҷ治£һһˡ
˵ҲǵùǰǿߣҶɵ˴룬λصλǰģֻλ
Ҳ챻ѳԵԭ֮һ
⼸ĻħΪǮӲʮħū
ʮħʮħū
ҶôôģѾҲ׵ūֹ
֪Ǹܹڶ೤ʱ䣬ǣֻҪһ죬Ҷͻ뷽跨ıڵʮūǵӺùһ㡣
ΪеԱȫħսūԭҶʱֻһĻħЩħսūǺҶĻģ׷ױһߡ
ȻҶ滰Ҫԭ򣬾ǵĿػǷҶ
£ҶĴܹܣݣҲΪ˱Ҷ档
ǣʱܿ鷳ȴŹ㡣
˵һԵҶ棬Цһһ֣ʹµĶʮΧȥ
ԩ·խ俴Ҷ档
ˣڣħĻһħĹأ
ĪĵѵޱȵѿָҶʲôĻħȻҽһλۻΪ
ֲɵָأҶֱҲҶٴμʶħ޳ܡ
ˡڣǻҲǳһġ
ȻڿҪҲѶԣһҲܳһ
һѵ鶸رޱȣһĻħȻ߹ۻһ
ϣҸɵĻħҪԴҹ
ϣҶ˵ʮħսūҲҪֵµĻħҪ˵ĲƸǻŸʲô
κһ˵ĲƸˣǵˣϣɱһ߸ȣҶһߴ߶һʮħսūĿػǷ
ԭЩħսūǲѳֵģǣػǷڴĿֲǸоǵܵв
սǾ
ͬʱҶܹ˵ĺκһħƸˣǵˣ׵ҲУ
ţʮħսūӭѴĶʮĸ֡
һĻ۾صɴ󣬡Ƿ˰˭һͼūȻҹ
¡¡
˵꣬Ҷ涸شܳȥһ׾ͺݺݵĺѵϣݺݵĹѻûг׵ĵֻ
̵ĵ⿪ʼѵĵֻ֮Ҵܣѷ·ɱһҽûѲҽмͱҶĴѾӸ˽ŵ£
ᣬҺݺݵᣬҡ˵ģҶŲ
ѴЩҲɵˣԸ˱˽ŵ£ǻøϿȡ
һȣǵſɾˡ
ο󣬻վŶʮĻħء
Щħʱʱ͵͵ķһ麿֮ĵ
ֵĸӰ첻ҲԷһ㣬ֶԾʱǾҪˡ
£սֱּһߵǱߵħսūҲɱˣߵ²ҽ졣
ҲڴʱҶڽŵµУһѪɫǷϿը


1332 ԰
ѷѪɫǷǺģħܳеľѶȷڲͬĵصǲͬġ
Ұ⣬֮⣬ȷ򱾼ұȵĹǷ֮УǾѶʱͻᾪǵ
һǵϹЩ鷳ˡ
ѪȽޱȵɭϣһħĻ屻ģһħбĻħζ˵ȥ֮鷳
ѶȾģȴݷõħ߳ϡ
ϾǵĸۡԱ߷սʼĵһʱ䣬λϸۡͨȥ
ʵϣħ߳ɴӸۡڿ첽߳︮ſڵʱ򣬾ͨ괫齫
ͬʱģҶõĴµķ
Щ죬Ҷ͸ħڲ¹أҪȻҶҲ֡
Ҳû취Ҷ治֣ѾҪʰ
Ϊǿ갡
ǰһĻէһҲǴ˰
ֱˣ֮ң˰
Ǹ˾ȥ֮ͱЩѿ
ڳ£ҶѣЩ鷳ˡ
ҶŪĻħ˳ޱȣ˵ˣǾԲԸ⿴Ҷµġ
һɲǣȾϲȴյҶ괫еĴƺȫУ
ѣڵģҲ̫Ҫˣ㲻ǿŪֵħҪ
ҪҲɣ
㻹ܲ޳ܵ㣿ҲܳҲڵʱѣ磬ֱħҪ¼
Ŀˮһ絽ѵ͵ϣһһߣѣ޳ҲͰˣҲ̫ˣ
ֱħĳ谡µһսū򲻹ôȥ
ҲҿҽҪȻǱɵҲħһ޷ϴˢĳ裡
ǰЩδֱҶ͵ϮҪҲûϵҶ浨ӾȻô󣬾Ȼҳһ֣˺֣
ƽʱǸ߸Ϲˣһħ壬ۿҰ
ʱһߴıֱħĳ衣
ǸƫƫҪϮһֶ˵Ƿݱֱûᡣ
κһħƸļһǵˣ߳ϣ˵ǲǣһ仰ЦʵĿڸſڿһĻ߳ɡ
ħ߳ۿһУ˵ҲӦһĪӡ
͵õҶָץĻħЦӽ߳ɵĸۡڣһͬӽȥģĸħػǷ
ʱ߳ɵЦĸջһ㡣
У͸ħһĸЩǣҲͷ
ûħԼκһĲƸʥģκһͼħƸļһǵˣ
һȺ°ǳɹסĲƸӦýǰ߳Це˵
һЦ˻Цָڵ»ûѣǼֱּŭ
ܺߺòãֻûжأͱ
߳һڣ¾ͶĲƸˣһ˰֡
߳ɵ֮ߣ˵飬ʵ˭Ҳ޷ɡ
ŭ֮£һѪʹѿп
߳ЦеⲽԣѰһΣӦøлҪȣͬһٱٲ˵ġ
˷һǰһڣûʹ˻ȥ
ô۸˵İ
Ϣ֮󣬷ٸû״ͱ߳һִˡ
ոѣɫһȹʺһѿ
Ϣ֮߳ɣҶһ´ҡˬ뿪ˣֻŭš
ˣҼסˣߵǸϢĻħ˵ĲЦ
һͨ񾳵Ļħ㱣סֻҪҶƤӣ¶ȥһ£ԱסġѵԽԽ͡
Զһֱ˫ϸҶ棬ɫرޱȵѿ
Ļħܹ¸һħĳϣôһͨ񾳾۷Ļħǵջж
ʲôħԼκһĲƸʥַģЩأҶ濴ǹƨ
ڹؼʱŪ˵ģҪãŬʵ
ҡĻôҶĴʮֵΣա
һãܸҶ
ҶЩʹüģѾȻҶߡ
ҶһĻħνؼǣҶһĻħ
ǷŪһʲôҶ湾һ䡣
ȴҶ仰һæֵǧôҪŪͬΪ壬û£ǣħ壬ڣȴҪģ
ҶҡҡţƤһĻ뷨ˣҪȻһþͻҶܱ
ҹҶٴηֻħ˧Ҷ汾ȴֱ⡣
һҶѱڣ˫ѱǶʮҶ׼ʮĵ
ǵҶǰ˵ˣȻνûôţֻҶһڡ
ǵһСɭ⣬طȫһ޼ʵҶʱĲˡ
Ҷ沢ûзǳʱŸԶķѰһͨȻ޹
ʱҶ濪ʼٵĴӵص׷أڿҪǵʱҶһ٣һͣ
УڷɳȻֱӸ߿ճڣ˲Ϣʧ

ҶһȻ䣬ҶģŵѰпǺʲô


1333 С
ƾźжˮµĸӦҶ֮УƾԶˮı仯̵ʱڸӦ˸ոճħķ
ˮӿ䣬Ҷͷ·һ̤˵һ㣬ˮ΢İڶ壬˷ˮƿ£ÿһɲǶųɰǧα仯
ɰǧεı仯Ҷˮеζٶһδεļ٣λħΪߣˮУҶ滹ǲϵ׷š
λħƺǼٵǱǱԽԽǵٶҲ
෴ģҶٶȣȴ˿ûб仯
Ϣ֮Ҷ׺ħʮңˮ˰Ҷ棬һ˿һϢûй¶ȥ
ħ壬Ϊ˶Կǿֲˮѹʱⱬںףͷ·һƶĵһ㣬ǵλñ¶ţҲǵΪϢ׵ı¶ˣ

λڵĴڣ
һˣҶչˡħ߳ɣʱȫĴ߶ǽصΪЩǱ򺣵
߳ҲڣҶʱ;һ˾Իջ
ħ߳λȨصĴڣǱ뺣Ҫ˵ûɢҶ涼š
˵Ҳ֮УҶŸҸλĴڣҪ½ϣҶжԶܶԶ
һ֣Ҷһ˿ĿԶûС
ں׸˽ʱѹλħ߹հ֮һ׵Ĵɽɽͣ
״ɽϣƯɺɫɺǲ٣ÿһ궼һۣҶͷ˲ٺĵر
ЩĵرֻһֻҪ۵ĵط
֮λĴλãʮа˾׵֮
λֵ峤ϻ󣬽Ҫժǧţÿ˵ĲȡĿһǧţ
ժЩ⣬ʲô⣬ϷҪ˵ʣϻǧ˶ĻΪһ壬֮ÿժһǧŰʮţ˭ԼĿڴװ٣ͿԸˡ
ǣޣƣϻĹأϷٶ˵ɣ߳ɺȵ
ĬĬĵ˵ͷ
ȻףǾͿʼɣ
˵ţָ߳Ƥϲݣƿ˿֮ʣһƺ۵ĽɫıԴѪش߳Ϸ
ڴͬʱߵǿҲÿ˱ƳһνɫıԴѪαԴѪ˵Ŀ£׼ȷǰ״ɽɽ֮ϡ
αԴѪ룬ɽǵȼ̻һ㣬ɽһѤޱȵĹ
ѤõĹɽмײ㣬˲Ϣ۳һʹѤõйš
ˣɣһۣ̤߳йţ˲Ϣʧ
һĻҶ㣬Щ֪룬֪Ӧô
һɲǣĽ߰Ҷ鸮м죬ϡǵѪ֮Сͨ
ͨһرգҲ޷
˵ͬʱڶħѾʧͨڣҶȴЩԥ᲻ᱻǷ֣
ԲᣡǵѪ֮СͨСͨıʣԪ۳ġ
ֻҪԪݾã;Բᱻ֣ޱȣѪ֮С磬߾źöһδˣԶĴˡ
ǡôҶ滹ЩԥҶĵġ
ҪǽȥǿɾǱˡ
죡
ŵħʧͨڣѾ
Ҷԥһ£ڵħ̤֮ͨݷϢĽӽͨͷ·һԪһ㣬ڵħ̤֮ʣϢ˳Ŷͨ
ٶȼ죬ҶݳͨʱħŸոմ
ͷ߳һλСħ⻪αԴѪͨһͷطɳ˵塣
ʱͨ
ˣץʱ䣡ϻỹϽأһʮ״СħΣͻһ׳ͷģֻһʧǰĹ֮С
֣
ûǰС磬Ŀȫǹ֡
Ĺ֣ϱ߹ŸִССĸɫĹʵ
ЩСĹʵȻһſѾ׳ħʵ
Ǳڵص׵ҶѾԲΣֲôҲҲ԰ԭ԰ħ·С֮У


1334 ٶ
ӦСͼС磬еȱ
ǲȱС磬ҲС磬ƿ߿һ̶ϸıƿСط򡣡
ò˵С磬ǲȱС磬ֱ޷ݡ
үģӦҰҷŸ˽ҪȻⱲҲõˡҶСڵص׶УĽ߰Ҷ鸮چ¸ͣ
簢ԣⷽССԼֻ﷽Բһеһжȱˮ⡢صȵȡ
ҪᣬԪǳŨǺĴ½ʮϣѾܵԭϵԪŨȡ
ҶƣħеĴͨߣֱӽĵȫ۵С磬ųʺĻ
߳Ϊ׵ħ壬ѾһƬ򣬷ɿĲժ
ӹҹʼܳ׳죬ûʲô
߳˵ĻʣҶƣһĻʣӦб˽ҵֵص֮һ
СţÿһŹӣһʱȫժϡ
ǣ߳ɵȴû뿪ǽɢ俪СڹϵĿ
ǵǼĿͳƷǳϸ¡
Ѿҹɷȫͳƣɼħһ԰Ŀء
˵俪ʼɲǣҶٶȶݵ˵ص±ǵ֡
ͳƣʱŽĹȵ˴յһ𣬺ϼһͳƽͳƳĽӡ֮Ѳһ԰ֱƳԴѪʱķʽɿ뿪԰
Ҷ沢ûмųֻ˵ʱ԰ϸһ飬ȷûֶΣŻ
һյֻħıԴѪطܴͨС磬ħ廹ʲôĵأ
ο֪ˣ˭Ҳ벻֮¾ȻһС磿
֪ޱߵҵصС磬ڻҪطܿѶȣȴ뻹Ҫϰٱ
꣡
ժһöҶͺݺݵҧһڣڣˬڣ󻯳˹֮鸮
˫ַ·Ӱһ̽ҶһժЩʱʱԸš
˵󣬾ħĳǣҲԺɣҶŵһˣ˫ֹâһãʮöѾҶС
һӵ԰ǴүеĴүƺȶû⣡ħһûһǧҲ߰˿ڣʸĺˣҲһ
֮⣬ôĺôħҲ޷϶ͳȥһ֡ٺ٣һ¾ħĳǣҲ˷һɣ
ǣ
ЦţҶ˫һΣطֻ˾ŸӰһŸӰͷɿ˷Ҷһժ
ϴǰϹħ֮ҶΪʹﵽأֻӰĿҲﵽ˾Ÿ
Ҷһժ԰ڵŹǵü켸ҹӰæӦû
ʱҶЩССڴˣߴһ£ľȥһʱͿժ
ڵҶͲˡ
ȻҶʩչľͨһʩչЩȫͻˡ
˵ģ¶ǧˣЩԲʮһŵҶţûм꣬Ҳнˡ
ŨԪ˽һѳΪսҶֱ
ҶҪʩչľͨЩѳΪҲͻˣٴջҲðԺˡ
ŸӰɿĲժųһʱջ˶ʮҶϲЦտ
ʱ͹ˣʱָＸųȥûѺô
龰붼һѣЦţҶ濴һͻȻĥˡ
˵ҪǰһˣǻʲôҶԺͻôһ뷨
Ǿħ԰׵ĶӾඣ٣ҿð㽫ˣʱϵɾ͸ӵֵǮˡ
Ҹұֹ֤ģ԰磬ҲһЦ
뷨ã
һɲǣҶ˫ְϣȥɲǣһŴŸͰεض
ڳڳʱҶȴԥˣҲ䣬һֲּ֣̣ҿûĺõط
ҪȫҸˣЩҲ͵ڱҸˣ˶ֱӻ֣ʵЩϧ
Ҷ˵ſϧֵ¿һ㶼ûЩħУ׳ħʵ类Ҷȫߵĺá
Ԫ鰢һ£󻺻ʵЩлĻġ
ô˵Ҷ濴Ԫ鰢
ҿڻһضĿռ䣬רŴЩʱֻҪضĿռԪάһŨȣͶʯ£Щ޷Ҳȥ
ȵŪֲܹĵ̣ʱٽȥܹӵһ԰ˣ
ģ
ҶһһԪ鰢󣬺ӿԪ鰢ڣѸһȦ
ŸʲôҶȵ
ڲժٶȸӼޡ
Ҷһ£ٶȣҪ꣬ӰҲҪϵʱ䡣
ûôʱ˷ѡ
ɴ࣬ҶҲ˷ˣֱʩչľͨһǧѳ
ЩҶõĻǼǧһѣʵ͵Ҳͨ񾳵
ΣҶٴһ㣬һµ顣
ֻҪҶãĳЩʱʱԻΪһֲľŰ
һǧæĹ򣬰ͱҶȫӽڡ
԰ȫ˶ޱȵĴӣֱĿꡣ
ҶƣҪħĳǿһĪ᲻ᱻ
ջ˺˰СκмֵĶ
˵˵ô뿪ɣ㷽ŲһеĽнܸ뿪ķɣˣҪ뿪Ҷ尢ʵ
Ľ߰ȴһ±ƣҶүһûҵʱֻţõô˵ô뿪û
ԣҶɵˡ


1335 ָ
û뿪ķͽҳҿ㵨ԽԽˣҲҿӣƤˣҶĶĽ߰׹䣬ģĽ߰һڿˮ
ҶҪǷǧַǱСҪֲˡ
ǡװĴүⲻȫΪ֪ģǳ󣬲ֲǳĿ̣ķ̵ֱֳ˼㣡
ҪֻһµҪһǿߵѪĽ֦࣬ɳΪһȫµ
װĴү밡ǵö߲Ͱ͵Ľ
Ҷüͷһ۾һɺȵڿҰɣ˵Ϊ԰ڣɱϰߣ
˭ôɵὫֵµǿߵɹʣ
Ƿ²أꡢʮʮսϻ۸²Ӧòʲôɣ˵
Ҷȴǵһհ˵ǻпܡ
԰ļֵ˰ɣȨƣǴܵλʥӣһĸҲ޷ڶʱŪһģӴ԰Ц
ٷϻ뿪İ취Ҷȵ
Ԫ鰢ʱȴһۣ뿪ķԴʮ֣ÿһ֣㶼޷ʩչ֮ʵ
㡭
Ҷüͷһ壬ѲɣҪǸķ뿪
ʲôʵô뵽뿪ķ
ħÿһȡһһ꣬´νһɲǣ˳Сͨݳȥ
˵һ룬ҶͻһϾͿԳȥ
ϣӵˣЩҶҪʲô
һɲǣҶѾ԰Ŀռݸȭȼɭɫĸ׻𣬺԰Ŀռݡ
䣡
԰Ŀռʱ𣬼ĹҶ԰ǧȭÿһȭ԰Ŀռݾ
Ҷʵ޷԰Ŀռ˺԰Ŀռ˺ģ¶ȼ侪֮ĸ׻
׻ȼ£԰ĿռݾҵĲ԰ĿռϵĽƵÿһηˣ׳󸽹׻ϣø׻ĻƸӳң԰Ŀռյ졣
ȻҶҪŸ׻԰СĿռݸմǿܵóʮǼʮʱ䣬ʵ̫ˡ
԰ĽƣĳЩˣٺòˡ
ħڣʱѾҹϻΪһ߳׼ϢʱԻ⾫ϵƣ͡
ͻȻ䣬ָ߳Ǹ۵ɫָĪһ¡
һ𶯣ոµ߳͵ĿЩ˼Ŀɫָ
ħʵСĿָǽñԴѪħСͨ벻ָϡ
СָһöֳħλֳֳС
ⲻص㣬صǣħʵСָ𶯣ʹһ¡ħʵСܵƻ߱˹
ܣ߳ɸԸ⽫ŵǵһ𶯿ɻþ
ʵȴγ׷飬һɲǣָ߳ϵħʵСָȻٶȺÿһشһɵͷ
ħʵС籩¶ˣ˹ˣ⻹Ƿֵڼ䣬һ±Ǻ
ⳤְλܱܲסҪˡ
ͲأɾʹӴϳֱӳǾĴݶգͷ·һһķ
һͬģλħĳϣǵһľ
ˣղûзѶ
£ǾĺãҪȻħʵСû£ħʵС类£һġ
ҵǣĿǰΪֹħʵСָĲƵʿƺǿȲߣĸ쵰дӿռвзС硣
߳ΪףٶȸϵħʵСͨĺ״ɽڲ쿴ܱ߲쳣£ٶȸԱƳһαԴѪٴοʼСͨ
ħʵСı壬ڻյĿռв֮УǵطҲ޷⵽
ǣħʵСָǣֻҪħʵС磬ͿԴħʵСĿռݣٶȵ﹥ֵ߳ĵط
һޱ뷨κ˶ԣⶼõѡ
Ϊ˭뵽˾ȻʹħʵСڲ
Сͨ򿪣ٶνħʵС硣
߳ħʵСĵһɲǣסˣʶһ۾
һɲǣߴŵĸоȷûߴţģǰһУӦǻþ
ûǻþ
һǰħʵС磬ǺεȾ
Ƭһ޼ʵħϱ߹˴СС䲻ͬħʵžһĪС
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ȫǴӣ
ħʵС磬˵ħһ֦Ҳ
ҲһɲǣһϢϢ˳Ԫͨ˳ȥ
ţǵڶλħĳ̤룬ǷӦһ޶
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λ
λ
ˣ֮󣬶һ顣
ǣûߴطɣħĳϽͰ͵ֹһֹͬʱ˲۾
ӦáûС߳ʶĻӦһؾתСͨ鶸رޱȵľ֡
죬رͨ
Сرͨ߳ƽʱۻɤʱΪУ˼⺿
ħĳϣǻһ㣬ôôļʶӦҲࡣ
ˣһɲǶһ¡ߡ˾ħʵСڲ
Ƿһ㣬ԼǵαԴѪٶȹرСͨ
ѣ
һһѣ¾һƲһĿҲҪҳ˵仰ʱ߳ɵӣѾȺɫ
һɲǣλħĳһΣֱֳǸߴʮ׵ı壬ͷǾ޴ĵֻͬʱɫĹǵĵֱֻͶ˵棬ֱصס
ڵһУǿ±ߵİӡʯȫ˺֣˱ǿ͸͵ĴŴɵֻĹ֮£·ɸһ㣬ѰħʵСÿһءռ䣡
һ֮ҶϢĳۡľҵ·Ҷ沢ûмħ˧ںϣڿһ¡
£ٶǣ


1336 ħ
ҶӳķעҪħŭΡ
Ҷһ԰ʵˣħĻǣᱻ̼ķġ
Щһ֮£ָʲôǵ
һãзħ嶼ᱻƣѶǱѻꡣ
żܷġ
Ϊħ壬ħ壬ʵǿ󣬶һ㣬ǱѪ
ΪǸʧ԰һ˿һǽеķħȫɵҲпܵġ
ԣҶڿǣħ廹ûзǲǰأ
ǣһҶϢʧɵҲƾʧĻħ
һֵչôҶ汳ĵͿܻȫ¶ʱ򣬱˵ҶĿǰӻʮūҶոħݴǵıȒţħ¡ŭᱻϴ
ħĵλħٴιرħؽڵϹŲҲпܵġ
һ鷢ҶֻҪһʱ䣬ʱҶ޷ص죬ھطֹ֪ͨǰ롣
ʱҶ潫ٴαħ׷ɱһε׷ɱȣǻ֮ǰǿʮϡ
ʹ룬һõѡӦôﾲ䣡ܿģҶ˾
ʲôɲҵķұҪʲôٵ÷ɢһħעҶĹһͷٵĴӵص׶ڵһۡ
ͬΪħӵܵѵլԺ
ΪѴǰΪҶԭҶ̽ˡ
ϧǣѵʵǿҶҲ޷Ϣĸɵѡ
Ҫ뽫¸Ǹ쵰ϹϵҲһ򵥵顣
ħĻ壬ǴҪԵ̫ԣǻһʱгԹˣŪþҪǣҶ档
£ֻܴϸ΢֡
˼һᣬҶǱµһħķصףһͨ񾳰صħѵֹ߳Σŵ֣ҲԶ֡
ҶָЫһϣΪָЫȴļһΣϢ֮ҶϢɱѵͨ񾳰صħ
һķУҶûκνֵĺۼҲûκѪգƾʧһ㡣
ҶֶѵĺԺϢĸɵѵ檣ޱȰ͹ħŮڴϵķɧ̶ȣĵʮϡ
ϣÿһǿħ壬ӵĿȵħŮū
һУҶϢķľħ˧ɢȥҶĻħߵٴγ֡
԰µıҶеҪ˺ֱܶ࣬ʱ򣬲ű
ħ԰С֮У߳Ϊ׵λǿߣ˫۷ĶѾ··һħ԰ᡣ
ĿǰΪֹֻܣɵޱȵء
һǸС͵ĳͨطС֮Уֻǻûҵѣ
ߣǸС͵Ѿȥˡ˵仰ʱɵήޱȣʶǣʵѾƲĳЩʵ
ȻǸɶС͵ܹϢǱħ԰С磬ôҲܹϢǱħ԰С硣
ǹ۲СܵĹ֮󣬵óһǲҳϵĽǸС͵СĿռݣҲֻΪǰ
ΪҪǰԭһǵͷ
ҲǵĽ룬ǸɶС͵
ҾģǸɶС͵ܻС硭һħĳ˵ԼŵĻ
ҾģӦ⣡ھ֪ͨϻᣬ˵ʧĿܡ
ǣϻĳͷ
ã𣿡֮䱩˾ҵ
Ϊ˼塭߳ɻı˫ۣһָɳڼײСĿռݵʱָ߳ϵĿָ⻪һöС硣
ͬʱ˵ɫò԰ޱȣ
ǻʱһɽϵһ
Ϣ֮ɽһŭޱȵֲޱȵϢ˲Ϣǡ
ǵֲϢǹɲǣҶͷ͵һ
ܵĴܵ𡢴ռ˾Ϣһޣ
ħ
ֲħ𼶱ǿߣ
Ƕʼλħ𼶱ǿߵķŭ·
ˣڵκˣһԹڣͣԭأ˭öɱ⣡
гڣˣȴִӵʣ
ɲǣϰٵɽϳ֮һǵ˷һӵɵȺȺģ·ӥһڵκζ
һȵѬѬħƵĴĳլԺڳﻹһ޴ľƿʱʱĹڡ
ħֵɲǣ߿еһħֻ͵ɫһ£ħûô£ͱɻҽ
Һų𣬻ûкףħͱһֻסɽķ
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֮һλֲħ𼶱ǿߴ£·ڵһ
һ֮ͷɢУ̵ʱڣһ޴
Ϣ֮߳Ѫͷһֲ״̬˴ӷڵ̧ġ
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ħĻǰǰ˽ʮʱ䣬Žħ԰ĹģһһʮĹģΪħҪԴҡǮ
˵ħսԴħħڵĵλҲž޴Ĺϵ
ڣһҹ֮䣬ȫʧˡ
ħ峤ΪߣϢ㹻̼Ѫȫѡ
ħĻǷһ㣬ɽ޵ĸȫɳȥϵµκһɶ񶼲Ź
ʱ侭ǡǸסħǣһȫѪùʱ䣬أͳʮ
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ǣһ
գܱ߰ûκջħ壬ĿͶħڵأǱ
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һӶµħ峤ϻִӣǴССĸۡڣʼһһǼǡ̲ѰҿԱ


1337 Ŀ
ħĸۡڣҶҲ⵽ħ峤ϻִӵʣΪǰĶȵȡ
ΪϽħսūħص̲񣬶ңڴǰһʱڣҶһЩϸڽ˴ڡ
Ȼ֪ħ󰸾ֵµĻħߵһָģ෴ģ»ħߵĸ쵰ľ󰸸ǣˣȾͽ˴ڡ
ÿÿϵҶҶ洮ڣԿǣҶ;ޱȵĺЦ
ǿɰأǿ
Ϊڣ֪ΪҶ󰸣ħӵÿӵеħʵҪûˡ
Ҷ治֪гһ֪ΪҶԭħӵеħʵûˣʲôӦ
Ȼôĸԭԭ򣬻ΪҶǻħߡ
ڣħĸۡûбŹЩϻĳǵĸۡҲصա
ǸۡڵսūħŮū
һʱ䣬Ǿ˰ɫֲ֮С
ǣְɫֲ˰Ĺ򣬾ͺطˣڵħ̶̲ȡȣؼ˰˳ҡ
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ųһħĳͻȻԸĸۡУѻһɲǼͱˮʪ͸ˡ
Ҫƽʱ٣Ī׵£Ǿ;Բʲôˡ
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ѣѸۡڵħ壬ݸߵȫˡ
ħıйأϰ߳ǿߣǶϿɵǿߵԻһ˿ִС
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ȻޱȵѣˣѣħţҲǱáɱΣĲ뵽֮Сԣǵĺӣ֪һУ˵ɣǻĿݣ
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ڣнħԱħ廹սūֻūȫеǼǣ
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ʬ塭ʬ塭
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һͱæİùϷȳĶƤѻ궼Ϊ
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ѵ۾ɵģ·һ̲һ㱻ִȥֱޱߺڰãûף⵽ôһ£
Īģô̯أ


1338 ǲ̫ˣ
ڳųɵľ񣬶֪׷ʲô飬Ͽյİɫֲȴ˽һ£
Ҳһ£ÿ죬Щȥɵħ屻ץɽϣȻ󣬾ûȻˡ
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Ƿĵر嵥Ϊ˲Ҷ棬гһĵر嵥ţϱߵĵرȽϺ
֮ˣҶĺƻйء
ô£ħ׳ʯ԰ʧԣҶģħǾԲʹ˰ֵġ
ǰ·ϣҶһֱӵĸоָоʱʱޡ
ӦħŲУˡ˵ְмӣʲô
мӣһκ쳣ͻ
Ҳû취İ취
Ϊ֣ҶʱڣǰȵĴĵĺá
ҲҪʱֻҪųԴһġ
ҶڣȱԴֻȱʱš
СһţСèһţÿ٣УҪ
סԵʱһҪССģɴ࣬СŪεĵضһǱȥɣ
סԵʱһҪ죬ϢǧҪй¶ˡ
һת죬Ҷ͸ССèÿȥһָǧġ
ħĻ峤ǿһĻ»ᱻιȥ
ħ峤ϵݣƽһܹеħʵҲһǧŶѡ
ǰСһһһ־õһţ
ЩҶ»ڹ⻪һͷɳһͨҫϺɫʱʱеɫϸϸ
Ǻպ׻
Ŵ׻񣬾ͿԴΪһޱǿ


1339 
ػʳǬ
˾죬޵Ĵ˾죬¸̽Ŀں֪Ĵ˾죬ޣ޵Ĺ޵ĳֹôˣ
һˣ޵һˣһˣһȷеϢûУѲ˾кôǬڣʥʼ¡ڷŭš
˾ԤվڴУޱȵΣεȴѲտԸ˾ʥӺûӵѵ˸ѪͷտԼԼģȥûʲôùӳԡ
ÿ飬Ѳ˾һֵľѣѲ˾޵ģ
㵹Ǹһ˵װư𣿡ʼ¡ݺݵǰ
£Ѳ˾ãһǰѲ˾ڰ˾ȷʵħؽ緢˹µ٣ǣʵǵ̫ˣ˾ԤһĿЦ
ʼ¡վһûгֵϢ˵㵱𣿡
Ϣŭ
һԳϯ󳯻ռ˾໺ʹ˹֣£ֲѲ˾ǵȷʵǱ
һ꣬ħǱҲǶ֮ͣħǱ߲֪˺£ħϵľޱȵĽţ
ԣ˾ԤæһѶͷ亹£ʮһǰħʱͻ䣬Ƿһ£ħ塭
£֪رˣʼ¡˵
ǵģ£Ȼһ֮¾͹ȥˣħ徳ڵ̲飬ȴϿ˰ٱһ˾ħؽӰ̽ͳǧˣʧأ˾Ԥ˵
˼ǣħĵؽ磿ͻظӡ
ر£ּ鱨ֹкܴĿħĵؽ硣˾Ԥ˵
ΪʲôȥӪȣ޲Ѿٻ֮ȨҲȫ㣡ԶսΪʲô˻ûнٴηŭ
ر£Ҫǻûȷ鱨·ģħؽڵĸѹ̬ƣڳһ֮ѾԷˣ֮꣬ڣܹҵµ٣Ԥ֤
ã꣬޵ţ
޼ˣֲһѾ׵ģҳһ˿һ©Ѳ˾Ĵ˾죬͵Ż˰ɣʼ¡ɭ˵
ףּ
Ӧͬʱ˾Ԥͷĺľͱ亹ʪ͸ˣδ˾ʥӵӥȮô֪꣬˶塣
гһӴ˾λ䣬Щ˵壬Իڵһʱ佫̵ĹͷӶʣ
ʱ֮󣬴˾ԤŭѲ˾쳹ͨСͨѶŲ󣬴˷
߰ѲԪɺѲϴǧţ֮ڣǻûгֹȷ鱨Ϸ֤ڱϷ֮ǰϷһȿǵԴɱȫҸϷڻȪϿ·

ħؽħڵĵڣһĵĻҶָţĵĻ棬ССèܵıܵԶԶġ
СɫмдɫĹĻ棬һֱܵĿ־壡
һˣһʱˣҶ潫
ƷףƷĸ׻ҪһףƷ
׻һ׻ʱҶӵе츽׻ޣֻǿ׻Ӷѣѹ޷塣
ʱҶȴź׻һʱڣҶĵʮ׻
˽һʱ䣬Ҷ水޳ڵķ
ǰĸ׻𣬶ٳ֮
޳ų£ȴԷƪʼ
νԷƪ޳ƪ޴ȫʩչʱδѣҶɸ׻֮󣬺ܳʱ޷ʩչ׻̬ԭ
ո޳ɵȴû
Էƪʵ޳ڵƪ棬ӴʼӴľʼȻǽǡѪ⡢ƤĤ
ϸϸ֮£Ը׵Ӧ𣬿ݺ𣬲Ŀʼ𣬶һʼޱȡ
һʱڣҶ滨ʮһµʱԷƪҲҶźǿʮһµʱɹ
ҪȻ£ų׻񣬾ʮ꣬Ҳܹɹ
ǲ֪ΰָԾҶһͻȻʹһָ
һ޴ֱ۵ĶħЩ׾̤Ҷľңȥμϣ
һҶ½Ļħﻻħսūܹƽļ۸ĻħԻħսū
⽻ףֱ̫ˡ
ҪǲΪħ̫ĶעǴȱֵҶ涼һǧħսūɵĿֲ
뷨ҪʵֺѶȣȻҶѾע⣬˵һĻħԻսūǶΪֹѾһһ
ҪǣٵħѾħ߲ע⡣
ҲΪˣĿǰΪֹҶսūſѡ
ȫ޳ɵطĹǿȣҶȵ
صĶħһҶָԾĻ棬ЩΪĵ˵ͷ
׳ֱ۽ǰ΢һоһħصĵֱϡ
ͬʱֱۡȫ¶һϸܵķ·һۼףⲻ츳ͨһַԵطħףħ׵ķƷ
ҲҶһԭΪһķĺǿ
ݣ
ɫһţֱ˶ħӵֱϡ
ϵһɲǣ̺ϸܵĻ׹ͽħ׺˷飬ſֲµĻֱӺֱϡ
ҵıǲĺһħֱ
һɲǣΪߴصĶħĲҽ
Ҷûжֻ֣ǾĿҽеħ壬۲״
ΪҶֻӳһԭҽ˼֮ħħ£Ҷ
һϣ總׻
ȴʮֲֿ
ħһֱֱۣӱճ˺ڻҡ
ˣдֱۺбۣȻãľȴǲҲ̶ã̺ĴŸµϸ׹ɵ˺
ϣһ֮£ħֱۣʱھͷϵˡ
⻹ûжû
ʱӳƿ˵ҩҽвѵĶħ塣
˼һ֮ҶŵĻħͳһҰȥ˵Ҫ̡


1340 ֹı仯
࣬׼һ£ߵ˰һ£뿪飬Ѿ׼Ĳˣһ££Ǿ׼뿪شܡҶųֹ˵
һħصóֹϴƤס鲼ȹէһߵŮūһ޶
ϸ۲죬ͶӺݹκһ˵Ŀ⣬泯죬Ҳһ޷ݵ
ֹŲ豭˳ָԵĲһ£ãŻ̧ͷôߣ
һкöûֻ꣡˰ٷ֮һĳЩкŮǣֲѧ֮
ֻѧȫ֣ǲɿۣܹµĹؼ޸¼ĸ鼮
һûС
Ҷ涨Ŀ⣬ֹشס˵ʲô
ûʱˣ
ߣѾĲӰħ̽ˣһӰħǱ۲졣
ңǱ߸࣬ǱӰħٴﵽλ
ңһʱħǱߵ飬ͣ˲٣̲Ѿ˺ܶ࣬뿪Ӧòѣ
ѹһֶûȥķĳֹҶس̾һһִżĿ˵࣬ĲػʹĻҿ취㣡
ģ
ֹ͵̧ͷб˺˵ɣҲصǸһأ뵽صǸһĹǣūһҾĺ֣ܼܿ򵥣
֡򵥣Ҷҡҡͷֻʮˣ߾۽ʮǰ֮Ͳôģ
ǣԸ⣬ҿ취ҪˣһʮԶūֻҪһ챬¶ǵĻǺҪ
ħ壬ǿūūǣ˵ţҶһһָغħսūеҶķ򹧾Ĺ£
𣿡
ҶڵһħսūȫУʲôȫ񣬷׷Ҷڷ¡
һĻҶ治ֹ֪ôҶһĻڵһб仯ֹˡ
һõʥŮеĳֹһԽĹˡ
һĻֹѪɫʡ
࣬úÿǰɣվΣҶ취ģҶôһ仰뿪ˡ
ҶԼȫֳֹ֧ҲЩ֣һΪΨһĿƽȽͬ壬ܻһЩƽѣҲѡ
ҶЩ𺳵ǣֹǼ侲ڣһ;ҹҶٴμֹʱҶطֹ֣УѾһЩһĶ
Ҷ磬һһ뿪Ҳһصأصʳǡֹһּƽ˵
ҶЩ棬ֹһ뿪ҶΪھȻҪصǸޱȵΣҶЩˡ
ͨˣ
˵Ķԣǿū޷ıūݣҾǧ꣬Ҳ޲
ֻиɣǻõɣ»عܵĻǰǣ
ԣҪתܣ뷨İǣֹᶨ˵
飡
֮£Ҷеľ붸رķ飬Ҷһ־ޱȵĿ⿴˳ֹ
ţҶǰһڳֹĵ˶ΣȻôһˮĳֹľ
ʵһЩҵȡЩʲôֹķȭһʱϰϢֲ顣
ȨҶӶˣ㲻ɣ
֪֪ܳжѪȣжڰ
֪ܿʷ飬͢شȫֹ˵
Ҷٴε˳
Ҷ磬㲻ˣֻǾģͻȻҵķҵŬķ
һᣡҲǰǲֵԭ
Ϊһ֮ǰҵûĿ꣬ûŬķ
һ꣬ҹޱȵĳʵޱȵĿ֣
ҶѾ޻˵ˣû뵽ǰ̶̼仰Ȼı仯ʵǡ
ǰ̶̼ѾɱĳֹͻȻ䣬ҶЩˡ
һʱ䣬Ҷ˼µæµ֮С
ңһЩ֮⣬ҶͶʱģ
ʵϣһʱڣҶǻ˴ʱоȸԸһõƷףȻкòţؼʱ⣬Ӷࡣ
Ȼ֮⣬Ҷһ껹˺ܶ飬Ƶȵȡ
һʱ䣬ҶǿһɹģҲôҶȵһʱ䡣
ҶƵǣһ͵
֮ԵڲſʼƣҪڵɹֻƷ𣬲ܳ׻֮пɳ׻衣
Ҷʮͨ񾳾صĻħﻻһ׻裬Ҳпǧ֮Ψһֵһ׻衣
ҶΪԭͣ׻壬޳ַϱ̵ϰ󷨡
֮ǰҶѾ׻Ƶƹģϰٱ顣
֮Լάֵͣԭܼ򵥣ֵ͵Ļ߶ʱĵٵģҲġ
£Ϊܳ׵ķӳҶĿǰֻصΪ
ԭ
ң׻Ʒʣǽ׻ƷҲûģҶͨ׻ڵӵĸ󷨵׻ƵƷʣƷĳ̶ȡ
ҲΪԭ
ȻֻҪҶΪͻˣҶĿǰˮƽʱԽ׻ƵƷΪƷ
һ֮Ҷ׻ƸոƳɹҶͽӵ˽ħǵĴѶ

Щ飬׵ǻħͨ񾳵Ļħ
ĳλѾʼע⵽ֵΪʲô˶ΪԶһħĻħͳԭ򣡡
һҪСģСģ
ӵѶĵһʱ䣬Ҷɫͱѿޱȡ
һħĳע⵽ҶνĻħߣǲðģҶԣһѣ
һʱ䣬Ҷ潫ǰЩ׼õȫȥǸţħ¡ŭħʦ´ĳ
ȻҲðһ¡
Ҷǰһλħսūȫڵ죬ҶţֻҪ֧֣һУӦܹ֧ȥɡ
ʱ佻һУҶϢĸϵ˳ֹסĵطҹɫųֹԤ·ߣϢ뿪


1341 ޿ײ
װѣ㿴ŵʱѾ뿪ˣԣҪͼѰңҸовҸоΣգΪһħߣûȫɳҲ׵ı¶Լ
Ƿݽ飬һ㱣ţֱռ㹻ħʵΪѣѾ御ˣûн£ȴĻħһĸ֣Ӧ׵ģ
Ǹ죬ҺϲҲЩ˼˵֣ϣԭȥ߹ʱһ
пܣδĳһ죬һڵϣǷݽֽ㣡
ˣĺ󼴻٣
ħߵţħεĿЦ뿪ˡ
Щӣϲнѡʧ
Ƿһ֡
˵ҪҵǷҪĽ飬˵ͽ¶ȡˡ
ңһߣýвһѣҶ죡˼ƺϲ죬˵ʱĻڵ֣ʱ˵ŪЩô
ȥһվɣίεĴƣκˣҸ桢ɧţΥߡɱ⣡

ӵҶŵʱҶѾʮһ֧ħ̶ӡ
һ֧ǧҵħ̶ӣǧ֮Уǧ˶ǻǿĻʮħ塣
̶ӣһûʲôħҴġ
͵ĻҲǧٹ֣ħصز֮⣬ģūƯŮū׳ūʵǿħսūǵĻ
Ĳ˵Ůūͳ
Ȼħ̶֮Уūֻǻѹ
̹˵һ֧Ҷ澫׼Ϊ˳ħ򹹽̶ӡ
һʵ׳ʮϵĿţħ¡ūֵµһ齨̶ӣΪģڻֹ
Ҷħ˧ħؽϣûκε⣬ȥֻҪħĽأܵʡ
һūͼΪעĿˡ
ǽֹһħ̶֮зŮū֮У¾ûעˡ
̶֮УҶ˳ͨһһħ徳ڵϹŲ
ҶĹ滮ֻҪĴŲƣͿԵִܱ߾ĵط
Ϊ˳̶֧ӻʵʵİǵҵ·Ųţһ߽ףһǰ
̶֧֮ӵħؽĽǺħǣħһһȺɽ
ȺɽԶܹԼԼһսħսĺ󷽣ЩսǰѪɷħսˡ
ִﺣħ֮ҶҪԼشˡ
һ߷򣬶ڰ֮⡣
̶ӵִﺣħûãҶ̶֪ܹܣϵŮū࣬׼ںħǹһ䣬Ȼ᲻һˡ
Ҷİţ̶ֻǴһλˣĿ˴Ůū߶ѡ
ħڳǷĿϣϣԣƾͨصħ˧Ҷ桢ħ˧ֹ׾ٵ뿪˺ħǡ
Ҷ磬˳뿪ˣֹС괫Ҷ潻š
ǰɣƻ£ǻҪµʱ䣬ܷشܡ
ҪСģħ߽磬ܲһ֣鷳ɾʹˡ
ħ˧ΪףҶ桢ֹںߣɿǲɽǰС
ɽ֮еθӡһУҪҳλǿߣҪҵˣҲǼѵġ
Ϊħǿ߾ֿֿɽԭ򣬲࣬ó׼䷱٣ʱ磬ħħģò֡
ħ˧Ҷ桢ֹ߼䣬Ҳ̫ͻأżһЩĿڳֹϡ
۴ʲôôʰֹϵӺݹ޷ڣڵ濴¡
Щ˵Ŀ䵽ֹʱٶŤͷ
βͣݣҶһЦĸоȻӣôҲøֹúõİһ¡
ֵĿҶһۣҶ磬ݵı£ôѧģ˵ʵԾҶ޷ҾȻܹǰ⸱ģ
ôѧģ˵ˣ꣬ҲΪ˱ҲΪ˸õĻ¡ף
û˵꣬Ҷɫһ䣬࣬ûз֣һһģҪͷ
ǼٶȣǵǲǶǣ
ãҵģֹһĪľһС磬һڴϴܹ
Ϣ֮󣬳ֹЩأҶ磬ûǱˡһĿ⣬һֱϣңǵĲֹˣӦСʮ߸ӦʮŸ
ԣҶЩȻʮŸ
û߸ĸҲǰȫǣֹ˵
ҶɫȴޱȵѿܿķһмƻҰŵĺ޲ΣҲܸճħǾͱϣ
ֹ־˼磬˼˼Ϣ֮󣬳ֹЦ
ô
Ҷ磬ļƻ©ôãֹ˵
ôˣҶһȻ
׼ȷ˵ӦһͷײǵĲС
ȳֹ˵꣬ҶҲЩŹ֣԰㿴ŸһѾԽǰߣĸȴ䵽˺󷽣ǰУʧԶȴֲǵࡣ
ȾܵĸַѹħЩһܹӵеģҾģǺһ֯Ҷ˵
Ѳ˾
Ѳ˾
Ҷ볤ֹ˵괫ͬʱ
ҶѲ˾޿ײ֮⣬ȴǴ󶨡
ԭڹ;˴ļƻ·߾ͼƻǣֻҪѲ˾˽ͷҶţǵĹ;ޱȵ˳
·ղһ㣬һʮλѲ˾Ӱ̽λãǰǰǼǻһ㣬Ҷһ̤ɽ
һ·ϣҶüͷȴһֱţѲ˾ֵıҶеĻҪ硣
Ҷħ˧¶ǰһҪһ˵ùȥ˵ǣ
ҶţֻҪֹϣӦòʲô⡣
һʱ֮ڽɽڵһ֮һֱĬĬǰ·Ѳ˾Ӱ̽ŲĻԭΧɢǰҵʮλӰ̽ٵҶ桢ֹ˾۽
ʲôˣվţҶװģ߳һ
ͷӰ̽ȴûҶ棬ųֹһ׸ӵơ
׸ӵƣֹһͳһöɫӡһ£ļµĺĿֲϢʹӡɢˡ
Ѳ˾Ѳ°˾Ӱ̽μֹ£ģʮλӰ̽͹һء


1342 ͸
Ӱ̽жˣ
û뿪·ߺͷڱݻȷ֮󣬳ֹʮӰ̽ʵ
ݵӰ̽ͷĿȴûϻشֹĻǽĿ⿴Ҷ滹Ҷߵħ˧˼ײ
ŲҶ棬ħ˧⼸Ӱ̽صն񣬳ʮӰ̽ϢҶħ˧һҶħ˧κ춯ЩӰ̽Իڵһʱħ˧һ
ޣ˸ǽˣǱУξҶ棬ħҶУξշһħսū
Ҳħսūǲħؽôáֹ˵
ҶЩȻûüֹЩأֹȻҶ˺֮ǡ
˳ƵģҶҲԼƣͬʱ˵ȻǰȫˣҾħūת
У
Ҷ˵꣬Ӱ̽ͷĿնһиһ˿Ц͵شһƣȻħūΪйܣǵĺã
ҶУξħūѵħʲô᲻ɣ
Ҷüͷһ壬ŭظ֡
Ѳ˾̫ʲôˣûأͿʼҶñӡ
ܣ˵ҶһССУξЩһ壬һմϹħҲѲƤ
ֹȶһ˵ʲôأҶУξƴ֣ôܻŴħؽӳңħūҲżֵּġ
£ͳ˵Ķԣħūã˵ĺãԼְɣҶһһǿޱȵ겨ʹҶ
һɲǣҶħ˧ͷһޱȵĲҽԴ˲Ϣըѿħ˧Ϣȫʧֻһͷʬ塣
ֹ껹Ӱ̽ɫһ䣬û뵽һǿͨ񾳵ĻħħūҶ˵ͻ𰡣ֶΣҲġ
ڣ˰ɣҶһˬ˵
һ˿δһֹ£ѲҲ֪»Ӻħ뿪ֻɳе֣ѡ
ԣµУûй滮õĳ·߸ʾѲʹˣӦúܹܿţ
ֹͷ֮ʣȡһСͨѶŲ̣Ƕʯɿ
Ҷүүı²ЩӣȫҵĻɱˡҶ鸮ڣԪ鰢ĴЦ
ħ˧ģģǳ棬ȫ̫׵ûġ
ʧħ˧ֱӻתҶڵڣȻʧˡ
Ҫڴܣħ̫ˣħ˧ظһ飬ɻǶҶ鷳
ԣҶɴûħ˧ʧ׵ϴɡ
Ҳðա
ǰЩӰ̽ǰ̽ħʬ壬ֻҪӴһ£ͻ֣ᷢǿʬ壬ȫڡ
ҶУξʬ㻹ɣŶģߣ޻ħ塭ֹؿħ˧ʬ˵
ҶֻǾĳֹ仰̫ʱˣҲû룬һΣװħ˧ʬˣͬʱɳѪҲʧĸɸɾˡ
ܿģͨСͨѶŲ󷢳Ϣ͵õ˻ӦȴҶеҪӵĶࡣ
ƺǿе˾Ѳʹһ㣬ͣĽͷʮ򣬲ͣ
ôнˣֹСͨѶŲ̵ʵ
ع£ϢˣѲʹ˾ڸԭصȴѲһ״Ų̣ȻԴŸϹ˵
𰸣Ҷ볤ֹһŲǼģһһԵŲ̣ǳ
Ϳó̵ֹʱת˴ܣ˵һ֮󣬳ֹͿԻصء
ٹӰ̽ŮħӰ̽˵棬һ䶯һɢŨŨħϢħƤ
һĻ𱬵ŮӰ̽ͳҶ볤ֹǰ
£ź¡ָױѲʹò˼ʱܹ˵
ֹԥһ£һҶ棬͵ͷͬˣ󣬳ֹŮӰ̽ı£
ҶԭΪûʲôǳֹ뿪ûãյһѶ֮Ҷͷ֣ԭصΪͷʮӰ̽Ϣˡ
ɱӿ֣һҶΧ˹ÿ˵У˼侫ɶС
Ѿװõʸ˸ںںڵģʱʱһĨĹ֮У͸ּӳŵϰ䡣
ҶϵãѲ˾˾ԱװһΪǵǺǿʱҪǵԣҪڴɱ
ʸ߶ɲרΪǻ˴ʱӳƵĶʸޱȵĿֲˡ
ֻҪУĴڣҲһ֮ʧȥ֮
װЩΪձͨ񾳵Ӱ̽ǣ˷Ƿս
⧲֮£ĴڣҲܹǸɵ
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һֹУξҶ湴ħ壬в죬Ӱ֣̽ɱ
ڶֹУξҶޱȣͳֹӳħؽ֮ʱΪѻ׷ɱ֮ħ壬ս
˵ţӰ̽ͳЦѡ񣬲ҽɣǰߣ㽫嶼ģˣȹ»תˣҲܵʹ͡
ԣҶһЦĸо壿ܵʹͣЩв
Ϊʲô
֪ΪʲôȻѾԭƲ˸ţҶ滹ǿʵ
˭Ҳûע⵽һɫ֦ѿѾҶĽŵ´ܳٵĶ˵档
˵ʵЩӰ̽Ҷ滹ûǣеȴҶޱȵļɵ
⣬ĵĴޱȣ֪õʲôƷ׵ģֿɱǿߵʸҶź壬ҲҪŵ
Ϊʲô
Ӱ̽ͳԳԵЦһħ壬ǻ֪°䲼͸ɣ
ǰ¾ּѲ˾ҵֹģоܹȻسֹߣһƷӾλ
ӪȹһӦߣѫλѫλѫλߴѫλой߾ͣ
ǣȳֹˣҶУξһˣȳֹȥͱһռȫˣǴʲôûУ𣿡
Ϊɵ𣿡Ҷʵƾʧ¾Ͳ𣿡


1343 ҲԶʳ
Ϊɵ𣿡ҶЦƾʧ»᲻𣿡
㲻ΪѲ˾ֻ鱨ɣӰ̽ͳϷʵЦƽز鰸Ӱֳ˿켣ǵֺϷ෴ģһԼֳҲǵϷ
Ͼħؽ磬ħ׷°ɣҶУξãս˵ùȥɣٸԼ£ŪĲһ㣬˵˭ỳɣ
һ˵Ӱ̽ͳһ߱ȻԼ˼£״ҶΧӰ̽ǣȫЦ
Ҷ۾˭⣿ǱѲʹƾǼûôĵӰɣ
ǵĻӰ̽ͳζЦôѡ·
·ѡأҶҲζЦ
Ӱ̽ͳɫرɭȻˣֵǣϡ
ͣ
һ·ʸһīɫСݣ˲Ϣӵŭϡ
ЩīɫСݣǴǰϢĳڳʮӰ̽˫мģʱȻּֿ죬ƿɲǣЩīɫСݾʮӰ̽ɲС
һģЩīɫСȫЩӰ̽ɲȻ˳ɲֱӺӰ̽ͳҲ⡣
̫ͻȻˣ̫ˡ
ңīɫСޱȵϬ̶ȼֱ
Ҫǣλã̫Ҫˡ
ֳµʮӰ̽ȫˣÿ˺λƫȴѲǸλá
ֱŭᴩǴ֮䴩ȥ
ֻҪˣҪһ£˵ǰЩӰ̽ҶƣЩħ𡢵Ҳܲˡ
ҪǣͣӰ̽һ˲䱻䱬
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ҶǰʮλӰ̽壬ȫϺһ˲ϢѪͨ졣
ǲҽгīɫСݾʹǵĸǻֱӴͷİٻҪᴩ
һ
ȻҲ⣬Ϊߴͨ񾳾صӰ̽ͳ꣬ΣյֱīɫСݹᴩʱԴƫһ£ûбԴǿһ
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˵һǽѣǰʹ޷ݡ
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СĴ߶£ЩϸܵСݷɿĴһ˲Ĺͱ˷顣
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ʹ࣬ȴޱȵĲҽ
ЩӣЩɵ˰ɣҶүģ㿴Ҹųôɲ͵ϮҲֻҲô⣬ҲֻСǸŲŻִĽ߰꣬ҽ
Ҷεҡҡͷ죬ǹܲסǲżԣֻ˵ã
ʲôʲô˺һʹ꾪ʧļ
ʵ˺ܺ˵ģҲϲԶʳҪǸҺϼƺϼƣҷһ㹦ͣҲʲô£ϧҶ滺ߵǰһŲԴ
˲ϢþޱȣҪɱҡҪɱңⲻҵ⣬Ѳʹ˵⣬Ҫɱң
´ǰǵȴһǵĶ֡
飡
Ӱ̽ͳԴҶһŲȳϣĺŷɳָҶƿڴɱѲ˾Ӱ̽ᱻľ壬Իᱻ
ҶֻЦһսѪڣ΢΢߶䣬ոնݳɢӵʮӰ̽ͲķҶ棬һҺűսѪɡ
ְĴָһۣҶЩʧûжٲƻ
ȻѲ˾˵ǴԴߵĹز࣬ǰ˱裬Բ̫Ĳƻ
Ѳ˾Ѳ˾Ӱ̽ĴָڵС⻹治٣ɵСС⣬ҩȵȡ
ٵĽʮӰ̽Ĵָǿգͬʮ߱һӽ˵õء
Ҷ׻ʬ𼣵ʱԶֱ˹ͳ죬ôǷŴųֹȥµŮӰ̽
ԶԶģŮӰ̽Ϳʬ壬һѵصŮӰ̽ڵһʱȷѡ
תͷӴܣ
ҶεһŮӰ̽ɲǣɫЩѶȿ
£пܻһŮӰ̽һлڣԺתܣŪ벻鷳
νҧһڣţ
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ֻ鼫ͻأĳڶ·ǰ޿һţͷֱŮӰ̽ȥ
Ȼȥֻһ۾ıʵϣֻǿһ㴩ŮӰ̽塣
ȻŮӰ̽ʹӿе
ֻǣ̽ȥĻĻˣģȴûһ˿ֻʣƤͷĴ·üӡ
һʱ䣬ŮӰ̽ڵееѪ⾫ֻһɶ
һϢԵǿ˼֡
Ҷ֪ǳֶֹΣֻǣ龰ҶĵЩ
ֶǲ̫ЩӺڰ߳ĳֹ㷲˵
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Ҳ࣡һص֮ǰǻص֮󣬳ǰ֮⣬ԶҶ磬ԶĲ࡭ֹرü
࡭ҶɬЦʵϣһҶγֹ֪⣬νŮ׷Уɴ
ǣֹݣҶη֮⣬¡ηɰס¡ܵӰʱʱ̿ҶͷתֱԽãԽ
ЩֶΣͷ·һ㣬ֻҪͿóǣ̫ˣЩ־Լ
Ҷ˼һ£࣬˵һ˱õɱͱĶʲô𣿡
ƺɣƺĲһ㣬һģһѣֹ˵
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û٤ʦΤޣĹڰɣǳ׵ʦΤޣǺųƿаϵ
Σݰգǲֵ£Ѫˣ֪ôģҶ¡
ֹɻݲҰǲѾжˣħ
ħ壬ʱȷʵһܺõĿʺӵĶ񣡡ҶЦ
ֹƺܵҶͷĳأصĵͷҶ磬ˣ
ôȥɣ
һֻ֣ĳҶոɱʮӰ̽һɨ
һɲǣʮӰ̽ոջѪʬ壬ͱһüӡ
ʮ߾Ӱ̽ʬѪ⣬ֹֻϢٵһֻҶĸоУﵽ
Ϣֻ֮ϢǿϢ˳ֹɲǣҶĽͨڳֹϣٸӦƵٵϢڳֹ˵Ϣȴ޲
ҶԼԼģһε崫Уеĵ㲦һ̥
Ҷ磬ô죿ֹʵ
Ѳ˾Ѳ˾ѲǲˡһѲ˾ѲʹǱɱôŪãᷴµ׷ɱǣ
ΪǵĴһã㶼ȫˣҶ˵
ֹĶЩĶȻƵˣΪúŪŮӰ̽ҹȥµʱҾ;ĲԾֻû뵽˵󣡡
Ψ֮ƣǿԼشܵؽ磬ֻҵŵĹٷݣҶ˵
Ҷ磬ģ
ͷ֮ʣҶֱȻȥҪᴩħսֻҪҵܾӣͰȫˣ̫Σˣ⣬ٲ֮
ԣҴ򱱶Уֱ뺣Ƶشܣ·ȻҲΣգΣգпӦԡ
Ϣ֮Ҷ볤ֹСè򱱼Ӷȥ
ʱҹСèޱ֮зУܹ
ֵһ˵ǣСèСһ̷ͣȻûʵı仯ԶŲСı仯
εĹϵСٶȣҪСèһ㣬һʮĿǰΪֹСǧңٻһ꣬ɱ䡣
Ҳԣ̷СϴʥŮʱ͵ǵ컯֮ںϵĸˣСϲһЩı仯
СĸֲָǿȾˣ񷽲ŸɵʮӰ̽ļʸСݣǿȣƷ
ǣСȫ߶߶ĳֲɵֵסҶա
£ҶڴСһ󳹵׵ԶžѪʱӡ
ССèЩˣĽ߰ĹƣСèҪʮʮ۵۳ڻѪڻѪռλ
ȻСèһܹСǼܲס̫డ
Ͱʮ㣬СèһһŵٶȣҲʮɱ䡣
Ҷ淢֣Сè۵ѪѪԽԽ࣬ٶҲԽԽ졣
òʮ꣬СèͿԿɱ䡣

֮󣬵ɫʱ򣬴ǰɱ¾ɽ֮УѲ˾Ѳʹʹϰپϵ˴ǰԼص㡣
ǣƬɽڣȴȥ¥գ˵ǳֹһӰ
飡
Ļϲǰշ󹦵İ˾Ѳʹʹųһ֡
Щȫǰ˾ľҪǷʲôǵ۾
һ֮ļĸλر
ˣսĺۼʮֲͬѪֹ
ϣʮѹκۼϿȷѾȫ
ŮӵϢഺŮϢ
û̫ҵĴ򶷣ж

µһͨر֮󣬰˾Ѳʹ鶸رѶȿޱȣѵ˵ǵļƻ¶ˣ
У


1344 ˣ
һͷıϣͻȻһ˶ޱȵ˻˻УһһŮӺ׷ɳ
һһŮǱˣѾһµҶ볤ֹ
ʮǰʶӰ̽ͳĶƲɵ֮ҶԾʹųֱֹ뱱׼Ƶתܡ
ڴܵ۹ȴĵ̣Һαħؽֻиӡ
¾λҲ֪ı֮ڵжȺÿһʱַŶٱ仯
ħ壬ؽӵĻҡ
ԣؽıѲ˾ĿȻشѲ˾ܹڱ͸Ҳǳǳޡ
ߣ½أ󺣸أһ꣬ͨ챾£Ҳҳ
ԣȻΣأҶ滹ѡ˴ӱƵ
ȻҶ滹ǺСĵֻǳУ¾˺׵ЩǾҪѪùˡ
壬ʵһ㣬ΪȫǸΪսʵܷɢĸʵЩʱֺܱ̬
Щʱ㾪ĳ˯ˮ壬ܾǻ˼ʮַޱߵĴ
Ϊֹڱ˶ʮ죬ҶĲԻǺܳɹġ
ûбѲ˾̽Ӹ٣ҲûоЩΪֲޱߵĺ״ȻЩʳԺǿĺ壬˲١
£Ҷ涼ǿٶ˦ƾҶĺУڵļöˮϵ飬Ҷˮ׵ٶȣЩҪ졣
ż˦ĺ壬͸һаףʵˡ
ǰǱϰλˣӦǲСľĳˮͷ壬ϰͨ񾳵壬׷ҶʱգǱҶ˦ˡ
ۣҶ磬ˮԣ̫ˣһ˵£ȻͷٶȼҪ죬̫ˣ
̤еͬʱֹĨ㷢ϵˮ飬;Ĵһֵģ
̫̼ˣҶ磬Խ̽𣿡
û뵽ʵ̫ƯˣҼеĺɽɫҪƯֹֹ̾
֮ٶԵں׵ʱҶֻҪǣųֹֹ֣ٶ
ǵˮϣҶֹٶҲ첻˶١
£ôҶѾ˽İ취ˡ
ӿҶµĺˮʼ·ȴҽһ̣ģҶĽ£Ȼƾյúˮ̳һҷۡ
˲վڷϣҶ߶ˮۣնˣٶȵҲ
ԭǷǳģҶ۷Ϊ鸮ԣҲܹ֧Žһġ
Ҳû취İ취ҶһˣɺģںǱʮʮҹûκ⣬ǴϳֹһԵŮˣͲһˡ
Ǽֱ͸һһ㣬ܹܿ޵ע档
ƯŮӣԺ׵壬ƺһ㡣
ֺˮۼΪҶվϱ̩ɽֹͲһˣһҪǱҶǣ֣ʱҲվȡ
Ҷ汾ҲֲСڵˣɴ࣬ͽֹӵڻУ۷ɳۡ
Ҷ׳֫ϣֹ֪ʲôЩ졣
࣬Ҽۣ۲츽ΣٶԱһͼǵʲôطˡҶ˵
ֹһ£ŴĳоѣæҵĲ鿴ͼ
һ޼ʣѶȱҵˣ鿴ܹҳһ
Ҷ磬ûĻڵλãǾֱϷһͿԵ½أĿǰķһĹϷǼƻеĿĵغԭݣԼʮ··ֹ̡˵
ûпɣϸඣǵг̣ɲݳһһ̤½أǾͻѲ˾޴ڵĶĿ¡Ҷٴν
ϸȶ˽һӵĹ򣬳ֹֿڣûˣλãܱߵıȶԣȫһ
￤Ҷ磬㿴ļ￤⸽أǺԭϹŲ￤ֻҪĹҪҪؼ翴ͻȻ䣬ֹǷʲôһ㣬
硭
ҶǸֳһ˿ЦֻԸǸνļô¡ֻȹеıĶѣ￤ĹﲮһףǸҶһϵ
ȻѲ˾صϣҶʵޱȵ
ô㲻ȥȥ𣿡Ҷ飬ֹЩɻ
ʣ̫Σˣ
˵ţҶƵĿ˱ԶȻ½ϵ￤̫ңԶôʦηɰס羸ʥڵʥˮӦҲ̫Զ
һɲǣҶͻȻһֵתȥʥˮһηɰסʥǵĳ嶯
ֱˡ
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ʥڵʥˮ̫Ҫˣ¹Ҷؼҵ·һС磡
ȱʱҶȫųֹҶҲҽֹȥ
ϵһ£ûġ
½ɫѶϵΧʮںĴ½ԪޱȵŨĹϵɫѶϵΧֻʮﲻ
ͨ磬ʹСͨѶŲģСͨѶŲҲзΧģ
޷ݷѶˣҲǴǰҶһֱ޷ηɰϵԭˡ
СͨѶŲ̣һ֮󣬲ӣҶյ˻š
Ҷ澪ϲǣžȻηɰ׷ġ
ȻٲһϲҲСͨѶŲΪʯһ㣬ͣСŲ󴫵
ʦ㣬硢硢Ƕðɣʥˮû°ɣŨ˰죬ǳ¡
һ£ηɰ׵Ļظ࣬ˮû£ǰ˵£ˣˣ˺õĲˣģѾˡ
һ⻰Ҷͼˣʲô£ϲأҪҪһȥæ
̵飬أѾˣ㲻ûúȻпеĻԡ
ʲôҶһ׷˺üΣηɰײŻش𣬲ҶҲûע⵽ηɰһ仰תעηɰ׿Ц
ʲô
˻ɣп˾͹ù˼⣡
ǵʦηɰ׷ҶһЦһĨ亹һ߽ͣи鷳Ҫͻȥܵÿգ

Ҷηɰĵˬ죬ֹȴС죬Ů˵ֱҶı֣
Ů˵ֱҶ潻ģһŮˣһҶϵǳŮˡ
Ϣ֮һ֮УֹӺˮϵ䡣
Ŀ֮࣬ҶֻŲ󣬷ֹ


1345 Ѫˣ
Ҷ磬⺣ԭǺԭķأԭ壬ҼΣԿΣҪֱȥԭڣúԭ֪ͨǱ˽ǣԭпֱķʽ
ԭڣ֮ԶԶĿԭݳǵĳǽĳֹ˽顣
飬ҶȴǶûпǣֱӷˡ
һ٣
ԭݳھһϹŲ£ֻҪĴŲƣͿԵִԭŲŶʱ䣬һ֮ǾͿԷԭҶ˵
ŶӣΪʲôҪŶأҵĹһܹҿʹϹŲ
ֻҪݣһʱ֮ڣǾͿԵִԭֹ˵
һʱ⵹Ҳǣ
룬ҶϿ˳ֹ˵
ڴܣޱȵڴ֮ͥ£ֻҪֹݣѲ棬Ҳº
ʵʵĽ˳˰Ϳ첽ԭݳĵϹŲҶ㣬ϹŲݣʱ򣬱Ҳ١
֮ǰԵ͵Ϊ
ֹҲǱȽܳĹݣأҲֻб˸ĳ·
죬⺣ԭڣһЩͨĺ̵ĳݣҶ볤ֹҲǵ͵ù
ʱƫƫôɡ
Ҷ볤ֹùһͨĳݵʱ򣬳ͻشһסǣסһһŮ
ģϰٻһתͽҶֹŰΧ
Ҷɫرޱȵѿû뵽⺣ԭأȻҲҪ鷳
Χⰲ󽫾ǶҪˣܵĵϣҶϵԼӡ
ò˵ڴܵĵϣӡǺܹõģΧסҶϰٻʱ¶˾ŵɫ
ΪɣͨΧоλѫλߣͬ컯
ûóֹӡҪҶ浣Ѳ˾˾ߣעⱩ¶ݣǾͲˡ
ʲôʲô£ȫϷţһҧгݵӳͬʱһƵķѶʹӳ֮г
ĹļĦУһ֧ǧҵĳǷʹӳſڸ˹
Ҷ볤ֹɫٴһ䣬ȻܹǷҲһ
ȻܵǷܹϵҶ볤ֹͲ̫ġ
峡ֳһ˽вɵ˵ȣȫϷߣһ룬ҽСΧˣҪǸҷСˣϷţޱȵĺ߳Уһλһһߣӳл
ܹܣߵĵһɲǣҶ;
ҶҲû뵽ȻĴ½̴ϵĹܹܡܹ֣ܵʱ͸ͷҶҲǰλܹΪʲô⸱ģˡ
ܹܵĶӹǱҶɵģȻܹ֪ܲҶɱģǱӦýҵݽĶȴûκϢý룬ҲҶйϵ
ǣڹܹܵļƻУĶӹӦøɵҶȻõҶξѫλڣҶĺúõģŰ󽫾ѫλĶӹȴ䲻
С㻹ϵϷĶϷľ㣬ȴҶӣ˵ҶǲǱ㺦ˣһ³ܹܾͼޱȵָҶŭ
һҶҲˡ
ʲô⣬ⲻѪ
ĲᷴҧһڣʱҶŭˡ
ϹǸӴĳҹѫѫλѪˣ
СүҲ¸㣬Ǹӣϰû죬ͱҴж˿ɵˡƾǲĹӣǼӣҲ뺦ҵĴȥɣ
ܹܵ۾һɲǼ͵˸ԲѪܣǵͨ첻ѡ
ԭڴ֮ǰܹܻһ˿Ǿӻţ˿̱Ҷ浱֪Ѿɵŭģûιȥ
ۣ
ž˼£ܹһںѪǻһ
һɲǣָܹܾҶ볤ֹŭɱɱˣ
ڣС֣ҪڣϷҪһˣǲܽϷͷ֮ţܹܵԳһ㣬ޱȡ
ʸҶ볤ֹŰΧס죬Ҷƣȴԥˡ
ܹܣ뷷İ󽫾ɱˡ
ʲôܹٴηŭ£Ϸţ˵˵һССİ󽫾ûһڣҲаǧɱһΣңǺԭǣ
˵ɣ
ԣҶЦΪӱ´ЩʿǸҳ֣𣬶ģ
֣һ£æܹܣ⡭
쵰
ܹѾһȥ߬ס죬϶֣ϷС֣
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ɫʱޱȵĲ԰ףҶвܹܵвʵЧ
һϣܹûк˵ԹܹܵȨƣȷʵֻҪһ仰Ҫȫ
һҧһģͺȵ󣡡
ҶȴƤû̧Щõͨķͨķ󣬱˵һǧپߣһǧͬʱ䣬ҶϣҲֻǸҶĺ
ҶԥģǵҪҪɱأ
һɱ䣬ֳһãԭǵϹŲòˡ
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ͳ죡ǰһǳɥһȴǹܹЪ˹һķŭͳ죬Ϸ£㲻Ҫ£
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ʲôͳŭӱʿֱӳ˰ΧȦܹܣǲҲҪߣ˭Ϲ˴ĵӣ
һŭȣܹһˣ˫һ͹ȥү
ȥɲǣܹͨ˫ĿУݺᣬүҪūūĶӣǱСָ
죬Ϲ뺦𣿡ԭһȥŹܹܾһӡ
һƣ󣬹ܹܵһڴһ롣
һ֮󣬸ոճֵĺԭһͳųֹȥԭμֹ£٣빫¼£
ʱܹܾɵˣ۾ɵı~廹Ҫ


1346 һݣ

һλ£
Ǵܳޱȵĳֹ£
ֱܹܼͷһͷ񱼶ҪԸģֻɱӵҶѣҲ벻СӱվźһŮһλ
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ȴͨһ쵽˺ԭǣ˸ţⲻǿ
ܹ˵ж޹ж޹ûκζԹ뷨ǽʮӣҲţǲǣ
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£ȴĽǡ
ȻҲ⣬纣ԭܹǵЩĹͿͣ˵һ·
ˣҾŹݣȥȫң𣡡ԭָŹܹŭ߳飬޲õ˹ܹܡ
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ײﳤָֹʹֹ
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ԭʱ޹ܹܣǲŽй֡
Ĳһ˿һĸ˹ܹһ˿ùܹ˲ϢЩ
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ҶҲһŵв󣬵һ˳ͻ̬Ϳܲܿˡ
ҳֹϵԭķ˺ԭΣ
ôкԭٷݻ֣Ҷţ볤ֹӦþͿ̵ʱתأҪҶҲˡ
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Ϣ֮СͨѶŲ⻪˸ĵһ˲Ϣʧ
ʧ򣬹ܹУүҲ벻ҵһݰɣ


1347 ı
ҶУξε飬дȻص֮󣬲Ҫἰ£м
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ߣҶУξнӦĺԭȴܹȥҶ·
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һֱԡδעҶ棬Ȼ֣


1348 ¹
һаֱӺ˵ȵߣҶָᵯһȦ׻ͺӰ̽
ֲĸʱɢӦӰ̽ŷɱܵһԣСģǸ׻𣡡
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İޱ˸ĹĴʸ͸Ҷ档
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1349 ״
вʹתںͷ£δ壬ǿֲѹѲʹ鸮ĪУתɬ˼֡
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ڶݳĵһɲǣͱ̲ʹСлԪֱӺޡ
ˣѲµѲʹѾ˼ʧ
ŻޱȵĹܹܿһĻǵѲʹʧʱʶĲ˲۾ģǻþ
ûѲʹմôƾʧأӦǻþ
һɲǣ¡¡ĹУһ̲ʹСлԪ׵£۾ɵıͭ廹Ĺܹܳ׸ǡ
׹֮󣬹ܹܳʧԭأֻһĴӺһصҽ
ղϽСлԪףÿһСлԪףܹɵһʮѲ˾Ӱ̽
ǵΪͨ񾳣ȫһɱ
ΪѲ˾ϿĹأأЩѲ˾Ӱ̽ǣҲ˸Ҿʹ
Ҳ֪˭ȷѲʹһɤӣѲ˾Ӱ̽׷׻Ų·
Ĺ򣬲һǧѲ˾ѲµӰ̽һա
ԭѾڵһĳ
ڵһĺԭҶ״Ҳòȥ
ȳֱ仯ǣǽҶ볤ֹ¹ݣЩ¹ݣһ˲ĹͿήɢɷɻҡ
ףҿҪ˯һʱ䡭仰˵֮ԭռҶľС˲Ϣ˾ΪһȭͷС֣Ҷľ֮С
ҶԸӦСţСȴΪҵĹ͸֧Դ˳˯֮С
ǵոսҶڣûзѿ״̬һ㡣
С
С
Ҷ潹ĺɫͱޱȡ
߶СлԪ׵ģҶҪĶ࣬ҶԼǾ޷֧ĵġ
СеҶ챻˸֮ǰСѹեƵһݱԴҶ棬ҶСлԪ׳ɹ
쵰Ѳ˾Ѳǣʮ˱۵ĵһɲǣҶͷŭ
СȻһֱҶ游ףȻҶһֱûϿֹĹϵǴĵҶǽСһĿģŮһ㡣
СȻţȴԴ˳˯֮УҶķŭ֪
Ҷ˫ðĶѲʹʧĵط޲ý°ǳһֿȫʩչһйҶͷ֮ޡ
ҶñҶĳֹһĴ㵡
ʱҶ棬ѾȫȧǸʣݵľ͸Ƥͷһ㣬ϢҲ΢˼¡
Ҷ磬Ҷ磬㡭ôˣûʲô°ɣ
죬أ
ŭҶ˵һ仰֮۾һգʹ˻˹ȥ
Ĺ磬ҪǣҶݽߣǻԵ
ڻ֮ǰҶǿڿкһƷ鵤Ʒ鵤е֮ҶĿݽߵٵĻָ
ҪȻҶΪһݽ߶ԣô˯֮תûʮµĹǲܵġ
ҪСлԪ̫ԵˣСлԪ׺֮£һжɷɻңֲģҲڵҶܹȫܵġ
ǣ֮ǰ£ҶǲСлԪף޷ġ
ŻԹȥҶ棬ֹ˼ϢͻȻͷһЪ˹ļ
Ȼ󣬳ֹǷһ㣬Ҷٶȳ˺ԭеϹŲ
ǰѲ˾Ѳ˾ͻϮԭڵСлԪ׽ԭǱһƬҡ
֪ĺԭǵĽǣڵһʱ˺ԭǣٶͨϢ֮ԭǽϣ
ֹӺԭȥʱʱдıΧ
ֹʱԺֻһ뷨ĸϻأҶ档
Щʿһʱ仹ûзӦǵ뷨ֹʱӺԭڳȥӦףӦá
ɻûǶ֣ʹӳֹܳһɨڳֹǰǧʿͱǧ߱Ƥͷüӡ
ֹɷһ㣬һ·ֱײκθ·ߣһɨʱͻá
һ·ʿֹɱ
ֲɱ¾ó̵ֹʱڸϵϹŲҲóֹĿԽԽ࣬Ŀǧ˵ɢϢﵽ飬ʮֻ
ҵǣֹδʧ
ڸϵϺԭϹŲĵһ˲䣬ֹ߷Ĺӡݡ
Ѳ˾ѲıҶ˻ԣû꣬ȥ״


1350 ෽붯
ԭһӪڣڳֹͳſǰ壬ˣͷҳȥɣ
壬ˣͰҵƨ˰ɣ
ߣ͵Ǳˣϱ飬˵𣿡
ſ˵ԽԽ̧һžͽ߷ˡ
ӣٸ˵ĻŲҲǣͰ
һԵĬĬ߹ȥ˹죬ͳ죬ʵʵ˵ҪǷ뿪ԣ˵ںúܶ࣡һ峹׳ӣǱӣܻأ
ſЩͷ۵Ŀһ죬СԴӻͱ͵ĽӪ֮Ľ
ΪֹֹˣȴŻˣΣһ㣬Ǵ
Ϊֹδϱ߶ǵĴһֱû
㻹һ㣬ȻǵճӣôҲǵϵѪ巽ҲڱͲˣû죬ͱμ
õʱ۵˹żҡ
͵Ӫһʱ䣬СӸľ͵ǰƶ뷽跨Ҫ뿪Ӫ뷽跨ĴֹҶ䡣
СӶƨ
ֻҪоΪˣݹͣһǱӣһӣɾˣݲħؽݲһ壬ʲôͷ
˵˼һ֪ܲ𣿲ȥֹʲô𣿡
Ҹǣʲôõѡ񣡳ֹ飬˵Բ򵥣ƾϹͽȥһСģôĶ֪
ӹȥȥһ֮ڣǻٴͻƣȫص֮СſһݣǶ˵Ĺһֻôͷɥߡ
Ҳʱһͻش䵽˹ſ
ſҲû⣬Ϊ˭ķѶֽסһۣʹסˡ
ϹŲӼݣһ仰ûͷûԵģǷѶ֮дĳֹӡϢȴùſǱһ㣬͵شһ顣
ᣬȫᣡ
㣬ѪɱģѪɱģʮ첻ߣնſǴ˼Ѫһŭ飬ȴ˷ܣ˷ָܵڲͣĲ
һ̫࣬Ѱˡ
Ϊ˳ֹĽֹˣʲôã
˵Ŵٺ»첻ˣ͵űһ찡
ڣȴյ˳ֹӼݵ
һ£Ѫɱģͳ죬û
ٸҳɣ㣡Źſźͨͨ۾ų嵶ٶȲоſǼͨѪɫĴġ
˹ſһۣ鳣ݺݵȥ
ٴ̶ѪɱӪһӵĽǵһʱ仹ûӦ
ֱѪɱɲǣĳһɤӣЩ˲ŷӦҪѪɱģ
ʮնѪɱģ
ǲ״ģԭôѪɱ˶ΣһУ
еùϴŵĽѪɱ֮£Ÿƨɷɱһ߷ɱһ߲ƨһӣҲڿַ
ʮϢ֮߿ͷ֮󣬹ſţµһӾӪп񱼳ɱڵֱϹŲһ·ֱײ
в۵ĵ·ģһֱӱײɣõģǶϽ۵Ĵɡ
һ֮󣬹ſͿе㲻̫Ѱĳֹ죬Ŀȴ˱ֹڻҶ档
ͳ죬ֱӡ·ͱȥʳǣֹһɷȻ˹ſĳݣɱŻԲѵҶ档
ɼ죬ò˳ֹλҶ棬ȴ֪ҶĿǰ״
˵ǣǻȷҶ滹ţ
һһĿ˵۶ضţ쳣ľٶ˹۶Ľע⣬ԶԶľǰȥѯʣſڻ
£ˡĩ޷Уܾɣ⣬گأΪıسǽͷ󺹵˵
ȹѪյĳֹޱĶһ죬˵ı
ôھͽ㵱ıɱˣ
һʱ͹ֹʧһ࣬ʱͻȻѪĳ֣ƨ룬Ҳǳ˴¡
ҪնɱˣǾǰɱ
аɣ£ţ
ԥһ£һҧǽͷˣһˣ֮ڣҲƲʲô˻
Ϣ֮쿴ʧͨеĳֹݣһĹŹ֡
ֹǰƣһλôƺޱߵɷ
ʵϣԳֹԭϵϹŲûãػʳ֮ڣյϢ
õرĴʥʼ¡ϲ׼ӭӡ
һˣʧһ࣬޵ĳ֣ǻˣʹǬڣʼ¡ϲ
£ص˾ԭغԭǳִ䣬ԭ٣ԭԭڴң򿤱ɱԭϹŲ󣬳ֳֹϢһ׵ͷӰϢǬһڡ
ޣ
˶Գ֣
£ռ˾ࡢ¼
£
£˾Ԥ̫ʼ¡۾Ļ湻찡ָոϢǾͳˣǹӰ
ͻȻ䣬ͳڻõ֮󣬿첽ߵʼ¡ǰֱӹ²ϣγ֮
·׷׵ʱ̣ͳ֮£ʼ¡Щ䡣
ͨʲô£ʲôң
ͳεĽ֮һӣøѯ֮һ¡
ˣ
ͳò¾ͽֹԹݣвسǽһصر
Ϊӽ̫µӰˣǣǣ浽һλɴСһãԴҪˡ
Ĳ𣬾ֻٶȻر
ͳõĻرʼ¡ȴǳ˼
ãǲŸһ˿ĪЦ⣬һ࣬޵ˮĳ֣Ҳˡ
ȻģԴǱԸȫΪڣ̬
޺ܺ棬˭޵˴ŭ޵ǰСۣ
ּ⣬ֹࡢءԤʼ¡ּ
һ֮ѪĳֹŽͳſ̤˻ʹſﻹŻԲѵҶ档
£ֻٹһˣ˵ȣá赲ĳֹĿԲɣҲôһǰ׷ױײ
ֹ߶зִ磬ֻײɶѡ
һ·ֱײֱǬڳֹĽͳſѾ죬ʱ򣬹ſһ̤ĸо
ͬһʱ̣йسֹ֣Ҳɿڴ


1351 
ּ⣬Ѳ˾ѲϴǧŻתʻܻʳǬڣʥӼ¡ˮ
ֹ¡֮󣬽򵥵˵һ飬ʼ¡۾ͲȻŭ
ʼ¡Ƕһ۴˾ԤֽĿ⿴˴ڼܹ㳯㳯޵ּ⣬һˣҪ̵ʱڼϴǧţ
һ˾ԤʱɫףѲ˾ΪʼӥȮһʧȥ˵µΣ˾죬뵹ùҲûԶˡ
£ǳ
죡
ʼ¡ָŴ˾ԤıӴȫѰֵ䣬ֵãûκγɹֺòͳˣ˾ȻҪɱ˳֣
ţ˵˵кãкã

ʼ¡ۿʼָԤıŭһɲǣ˾ԤƸĹ˵ͷ亹乶¡
̯飬Ҳǵùڹ̫ˣҲұ
Ҫʵˣǿɾıﰡ
ڵأ˾Ԥԭ
߳˼˰죬¡ƢĲˣǰ˵ϢŭѲ˾ģʮӣҲŻʼҹ֣Գ֮£Σ飡
˼˵˵ѣֹһյΣͱˡ
ԭҲûϵֹķӦ˼ңæĿڵ˼
ʲô˼ֹ׷ʵ
Щʱۿģ࣡ԭ˵
ֹҪCǰ˵ֶŮˣϳı֮ԣ飬Ҫ顣Ƿ漰Ѳȷڴ֮ǰֶŮǸ˵˵һ㵽ģ
ջɹת˴˵עἰ˳ֶֹŮݣóֹò
£ֹͽħڵһһʮ˵˳澭ڶ󳼸۷⡣
£Ѳ˾ѲϴǧŴ˰ʱո뿪ڼܹ㳯ǰּʼ¡ڶ೯һɻ
Ϊʱ䣬㳯ִԭϹŲô˿ĴѲϴǧš
£ūոյִԭϹŲѲϴǧžͬʱִԳдҪ¡㳯͵
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Ϊ£ҪѲȴ£ܶأ£Ǵ¡

Ϣ֮ݸߵѲ˾ѲϴǧŴ߽ǬУ´ΰ֮󣬾һ£µڶѲʹӪȹµĹУȫûǰѶԹ¼֮ˣпħƣ³飡
ħƣֹĪֶ
֪ûޱȣǵ͹Щһ޳ܡ
Ѫţ
ڵϵѲϴǧȴûнӳֹĻ磬Ǽ£Ѷԣħڳֹϣдı¹ش󣬳ò
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ⷴҧһڣһãܾͻóֹӴ˱ĽãҲóֹ谮ֹ
ϴǧŴһǬʱţ˸ҽ硣
̫ˣ˭ܹϵġ
ʼ¡ĿֹҲ粻š
ϴ䣬飬ô˵ȫһµѲʹͼͼıʧ֮գȻͼ׵ɱֹ£ôͣʼ¡ʵ
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飡ԭһҶ棬ǰ˵ֹ£󣬻׼
ֹϵѪɫʾû뵽˰죬Ȼˡ
ʼ¡˼Ϣͻһֵ׼󣬷ٵдһʥּ
֮»׹ⶸشǬ£ڳֹҶϡ
»׹ҫ£Ҷ볤ֹˣͷ·͸˰㣬˺֣ڵĹת·鸮ڻҲȫ֡
׹ֶһɲǣҶؿڵɢһ˿ͻȻʧһ㣬ҶҶҲӦˡ

ڳֹϵ»׹ͻطǧĿͬʱڳֹ֣óΪ֮һ
һĻ¡ۡռ˾ࡢķȴǴϲ
Ϣ֮°ɫĹ⻪ȥ¡۷ĵĵ˵ͷȻĿЩĿѲϴǧţڻкλ˵
޻˵ǳ³״£
µĵڶѲʹЩ̽ħ鱨ҪַħǱıͳʮ𣬾ԾͲ׵ȥϴǧһı࣡
޳ܣǸͼıǰѪں󣬴ʱȻֹŭ߳

ϴǧųֹһҾ£ʳ֮УҪϺ
㡭
£Ȱ㣬˱µʥ֮ϣͰǹƢǾܾµĵطǹˣСƢĵط
Ѳ˾참¶Ҫ֤ݣǺΪ֤أѪˣ֤ݣϴǧźȵ


1352 εĽ
ǬڳһһĶʣڴʥӺ߳£սᡣ
ǣȴͻոտʼѡ
һʱ䣬ʼ¡ɳ˽ԭǣ顣
һܳĹǸոյõĳشеĹ㱻ɱһ뷷ү£һ
ָ򰵵ĵ飬ʹȫ̿ʼ
Ҷ汾ˣҲΪϵ飬Ⱥ󱻴ڼࡢѲ˾˲ʡ
ڼʣʣֻҪҶϸ·ľȵȣˡ
Ѳ˾˾ʣֱ˵ĵˡ
ҶģѲ˾λ˾֮һϴ棬һλ˾졢λ˾졢巽ѲټӰѲѲ˾Ҫˡ
Ѳ˾ֱһλ˾µӳ̶ȿ֪
ҶƣǬΣǰݣ´˾ԤҪҶˡ
ʵѲ˾鷳еˡ
밡Ƿҧˣʲô³
λ˾ϴ棬ݾݵģĿɭһͳڴּ
ǽ֣ҶһֲõԤУϴ棬ϴǧţ᲻һأ
ʣڼһģһģһ·ûʲô쳣Щ֮λ˾ϴĻͶһת
ҶУξֹԣѲʹһѲ˾ȫǱСлԪɱģ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ǾϷ֪СлԪ׼죬ܹʩչСлԪ׵Ĵڣᳬ˫ʮ֮ǡãλϷ֮ǰѯҶУξΪǲʩչСлԪ׵ġ
˵һʮҶУξ㣬Ҳ޷ʩչСлԪ׵ģҶУξôͣϴɭɭʵ
طдУʩչͲ˾ˡҶ淢һΪҲģʱûӦȤ
ееЩ飬ǲƾճֵģȻҶУξԸͣôϷɲΪҶУξħ壬ħĸСлԪףȻҶУξٽ衭
ԣҶ͵վʵģǱݺģȻˣǣ
ң
ϴ߳һʱͳʮǿϢҶĵϢסҶ棬˳ȡһ̾ߣֱӽҶ֮̾ϡ
˾쵨ӿ󰡣³ֹͣ㾹ȻҶº֣Ҷ治巴Ц
ֹͣΣеĺүûһǧҲа˰ˣοһССУξ
ֻҪϷ˿죬õ㹴ħ֤ݣ˵̣Ǳһ̲Ҳ˵ùȥˣϷԼѣ
Сӣۣ˾ϴһЦȥǼúõĳѲ˾ֶΣ
ֳָϡŹ̾ߡɫĺɫ̴ӣЦҶ档
״ҶͻЦһ˾죬Ȼϣ֮ʣǹȻҪº֣
˵ţҶͷһһ顣
ϴĿһ䣬Ǹһ˿Ц֪ͨ˾㣿˵أɵ֪ͨϵλ°ɣ
Ҳ¸㣬Ѳ˾˾ôû˸Ҵûʥּ˵һССʲôǵĹǻǻ̫ӶУ
ȰСӣʵʵĽɣƤ֮࣡
ԼأҶһĳ
Լˣ
ϴһ㣬ǸˣСӺѲ˾˱ôһ˵
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յĴ͵رƿѲտͻ
տʲôϷǷּôţ·ˣϷȥϴȵ
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ϴ꣬˾ԤĳҶΣ§ҶļͷʵҶ棬Ѳ˾Ѳʹ
ѲʹϴˣҶȴǵ˵ͷ
ʲôʱģص뵵ʱص˾ԤԴӴѲտõϢ;ã̶ܲܲȫˣȫҶˡ
ܿģصһۣ˾ԤʹЦֹǰְģãã̫ˣ
˭Ҷտ˽ˣϷҪϽʥ˵ţ˾Ԥ뿪ˡ
Ϣ֮ϴɱһĿ£տҶ뿪ˡ
ϴ棬ϴǧŵ壡ͬʱҲϴĿǰѲ˾ڽӸλ֮һϴң˵ĳǻūҲΪˣĿǰѲ˾Ϊǿ󣡡
ҶͲСڽڼʵʱ򣬾Ԥ
һΣһֽѲ˾Ƶ˼ΣյľأôѲ˾϶Ҫʰ
ڴܣ˭ֻҪѲ˾Ǿ͵ͬǧ
ԳֹĿǰ״Ѳ˾ʵȨǲǵģҪʰֹ±ߵˣȴ練ơ
Ѳ˾޳ֶܵΣҪԸҶ棬Ҷ滹û취㡣
ϾҪ׵ʣҶϵɵ㣬̫ˡ
ȥҶ뵽ǸѲʹݣϵ˾տ˷ŵһĻ
տ˵ҶѲʹݣô൱ڳֹѲ˾ȳģѲµѲʹΣݹԽѲ˾ժˡ
ҲһװɣҶϿ˵տ֤ҶԼˣѲ˾Ҷ档
һεĽףû취ϴǧŸϴҶ滹̫Сˡ
ҲΪݽףҶ֪˺ܶĻųֹϸ棬ʼ¡ûеѲϴǧţ顣
ĳ̶ֳϣѾʵ̬ˡ
СӣٸһϢѲ˾ѲÿҪֻǣϴǧѲλϣѾˣ
Ѳѡ߳ɵʱ䣬ϴ
ͬʱħսҲѲϽƷΧ
ˣѲ˾ڲ¼ԱѲϴǧһˣƿ֮һң⻹ϵģ
տ仰˲ϢҶһ¡
Ѳ˾ȷʵǻʼҵһӦ˵ѲǻʼҵѲȴһǳǿ׳ܹĹ
տƬֻ͸¶ϴѲλϾӪ꣬¹ħսҪ׸ϴң˭Ҫ
ͬʱҲ͸¶Ѳ˾֮ϵ֮
Ѳ֮ǰ˵պԭǺǧѲ˾ֻҸɵһңȫˡ
ֻҪץһѻ֤꣬ݲȫˣҶͻʵ
տǰеĽŲͻشסɬĿԶģϴǧǸϺ꣬˴һ㣿
ˣڽǵ˸ϵ֮ǰЩҴļһѾˣĺ
׼ȷ˵ϴǧŵִ֮ǰǱߵβȫɾˣ
һɺشҶŵֱţҶףǸϵϴǧǸʲôĶ֣


1353 ͷ
ܻʹǴʥƽش񵥶Ӽسĵط
ʱڣѲ˾˾ԤһصĵȺʼ¡Ĳ鿴
䣬˼ôҲе˼ˣ˵ҶѲ˾Ѳʹô粻˵ʲûв鿴ص˼һɻ
ر£ѲʹѲ˾֮Уλ⣬ÿһžصã۱̶ܳȣѲ˾˾Ӱ̽Ҫߣײܱ¶ԣ֮ǰ˿ἰ⣡
⣬ΪѲ˾ԭ򣬳ֹ֪´ʲôҲ׳ֹ³ɹ壬ǳ˵һ㣬óֹ֪ҲѲ˾֣ǻᡭ˵˾ԤʹĴסˡ
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ʼ¡һĲͷϴǧûвϵ֮УҲһ²֮Ǽ϶Ҳ˵ʲôǸʮ塣
⣬ϴǧŹԭӵǸ⳥ʧ
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˵ʼ¡ͻһ䣬˵֮ǰֶǲ̫ˡ
ܴڲϴƿصǷħؽӰ̽磬ôǿϴҵˮˣڲҲӵأ
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ѲµĵڶѲʹȫûô͹ίһѲʹȥȱڶˮͿˡ˵
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˾Ԥ˰죬ԥ鱨ԣҶ棬ȷʵǸ˲ţǿѹͷߣȥϴҵĵ̣ǿҲԸϴͷߣĿǰԣľͨźܴô
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ܹڣոչڵϱʥּѵĹѪͷѲϴǧǸһ˿ļ֮⡣
λڿܶģֻѵһˡ
Ӧ˵ܶϴģֻѵһˣʰϴǧţźܶ෽ġ
ĴӺժȻϴѲλãȴԴҪԴ
һ㣬ϴĶҪ֧ǿƣҲı䲻ˡ
Ҳһҹǰߵԭ
Ρ
ñԭǸӵǸ⳥ھȥŲһЦϴǧŻ˻֣š
ûţһӰϴǧŵߵˣոյõϢ¸ոּԭϮϮŽԭ
ϴǧŵһɫͱޱȵѿԭؽһϹŲҪطǿ̽ĵ̣ϴҵĵϣһŶӰ
˼˼ϢϴǧžЦԭҵǸޣܶùϷ򣿡
䣬һѶ䵽ϴǧŵУһۣϴǧŵɫͱޱȵѿ


1354 ʵ۵
гֹУξҶ棬»ԾػͳֹȫءãؼӷҶΪһƷӾʵһ
ʥּҶĪһԺŵĹ졢㶼Բ۾ǹſӶɺ˰
һƷӾſھӪдƴ˿ˣȻûħսĹҲˣڣͻ򺣽ѫλѣҶ֮ǰѫλ͵оʮǧأ˵Ӿˡ
ô˵ɣǳûˣǽǿߣһҲǻԪ˧ˣѰ
ѣЩ˶´ܹͷλǸոմͷλͱʵһأǼֱ졣
ϣֻЩ߻Ķǣпܷ֮ʵء
ң£ЩĶǵأԸм䰲ŵĸȥǹϷֵԼҵķء
Ҷһʵһ
£һĶȲһȲпʵһһӾҲʵһضѡ
Ҷ澪ȵģҲһ㣬һƷӾλȻһӾʹ˵ĵĻ˧ǧ궼ûзܶĿ꣬Ҷ濴ϡ棬Ͼǰּ·͸񣬵ֺ
ҶǣǸʵһķذ
һʲô
ﲮ￤Ǿһ֮˰ĵ
񣬾ȻĪľʹﵽˡ
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ҶУξʲôּּڼһ
Ҷæʥּһöָ
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Ҷүóʱȥ˾ڸӷأȻȥӡ˾ӡ۷󴩴룬ǰȥл
лָ㣡
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һذǴܶ߱룬Ҷ棬һ֮ʵˡ
ҶֻѾ˴ܵĹײ㣬ֻҪϼǾǴܵСҹˣǼѫλϻ죡
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иأҶԣиһ㣬ڰȵľӪһʱ֮Խ˽ӹҲ⹫˻죬԰ռԴΪ
ʵʥּڣҶ潻ؼΪ㣬õ˱פ֮󣬺ͱܱߵͼᡢֲȵһӦϣʱҶõӾӡͿֱǰӽˡ
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ҲҶո̤˾ڸʱӭѲµѲʹɳϲҶУξ÷һƷӾҶүǲǵƷһپƲ˰
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ּ۴ѣ壡ԤЦʱһֿ˵ĿС
ʵ϶ڣҶ氵ʺʼ¡ʮ˴һεǷּ


1355 Կ
˶ȥ˶˸֣Ҷֵ쾡¡
ǰ뿪ǰ˾ڸշأǽи緢˸߲ң
أƾͱˡ
Ҷ汾½ĺ۹˻һӣҲֶΣǴ˿֣λʥӵֶȣֱСư
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Ҷܹħ帹ضתħı߾УҲܹķˮ𡣷лʵ϶ּڣϴǧ֮䣬Ǳ˭ֶκڶѡ
ΨһҪ𣬾ߵؽ磬ϴǧһˣҶ棬һӤһ㣬·ᡣ
ʵ϶ʹѲֻǸּȨһУȴҪ¿ʼ
Ҷϲ
ֻҪɾڣڲ
תֹ˻ľΧΪϴοռͨ飬һҶͲնͷѪˡ
ҶϴҶϴ󣬿˵˵ôԣŮ಻ࣿ
ԸɣҶЩɺĽ˹ȥԴҲܣǿҲν
ſҲΧ˿ţ̾Դеȿˮƽˣ˿ڡ˿ôô٣һǧ򣿱˵µȿһԲµأҲһǧ˿ڰɣ
⡭ħ塭ħ߾ƺԶħսڵɽҲ̫Զ
˾Ͳ˵ˣҲҶʱԭ򣬲˵ǿÿ
ħ壬ҲûʲôؼǿúþӪҲһϺõķذ
һֱûڵĹſͻڵͼϻһȦ˵Ǿûע⣬һߣĵѲ˾Ѳϴǧŵĵ̰

ͬʱסˣ˶ڵ۶˻쳤ģЩ棬ޱȵУǰû뵽ʱôһʱҶõķصǸʲôˡ
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ڻתֹʱҶյ˳ֹķѶ֮󣬹ȥһˡ
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ǰǱȫ֧֣˷ҪȻҪʰһӣҪҲʲô¡ֹ˵
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ôǰʵĹŮʲôòڣҪԿֹЦǷǷâ


1356 ·
˵ʵҶԴӵ֮ææµµģûغ֪ڣһռ˹Ժ
ڹĸɫ޽иָԺ൱һ֧ǰԺΪͽɫԺĵط
𿴴ܹٷϲԱӴ䣬ǵͲڣǼΪŵģÿǰﲻ
⻹أҪݿݵԺſУָֹԺſӵܵ
ЩУĹݵˣΪʲôǰӭӣҶغĵ
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λʩݹ٣ԺסѾںԺ򱦼ݣλʩƼݣ˵꣬ҲȳֹҶͬ⣬תͷ·
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˵ŵĻʱô꣬һʮ죬ÿ˯Ůˣġ
ڵģߵģŮӲ͵͵ģֻʦ𡢵סЩʣµġ
Ҷ۾ͻصɴһŵıƾʲô
ƾүݣ׵֪µݣ
ٸߣӲ⣬ôôһ鱦Ӿǲ㣬ҧҰҶһǷģ
ʹļ٤ɫ˲Ϣͱ࣬һҪҶģȴû
ҶЩʧԭ˼Ҫŭ٤ü٤һŭ֮¶֣ͺðˡ
ϧǣ٤ͻȻѧˡ
ʦ𣬿ͻȻ䣬٤ͷźߵɽ໵ĺһɤӡ
˲Ϣ䣬һӰͳԶһɽ嶥ϡ
żѵĿҶ漸ǵһʱϳǸ˭ǱˣǼ٤ʦʦΤޡ
Ҷ治֪ʦΤΪʲôȴ֪һ£Ȼڵλ׵ϯ֪¼٤ĺ鱦ġ
ô٤ʦʦΤҲԶĺ鱦ġ
ʱΤ޳ûĺ£һãҶд鷳
ɽ徫ʦΤޣ˳һۣо׹ʢһϢңңסҶ棬·һһͶҶߡ
ʯ䣬Ҷ汻ʦΤϢһɲǣҶ˾
΢΢һ˶ȭͷ˸׹˳ȥ


1357 
飡
Ҷȭͷݺݵ׵ϯ֪¼٤ţ׼֮£˵٤ѹû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼ֡
Ժ൱ǵϳҶҪǸ֣ǲϵ
ҲǴǰ٤Ҷĵڡ
ƫƫҶˡ
ˣһ֣һĴ
һȭȥҶ渽ȭϵ׾Ϳ񱩵ĺ˼٤ţ׾ȻҶĿ£ûԼ٤̫˺
׾ţȴǽ٤׵ȫԣȼ٤巴ӦҶĵڶȭ͵ˡ
飡
Ҷȭȭĺż٤ţÿһȭܽȭ٤ţÿһȭü٤鴤ѡ
Ҷ䵽ȭʱ򣬼٤ѾƲסԼ壬ŵ浹ȥ
ǣҶɲŹס٤٤ڻһȭһȭż٤ȥ
һĹ򣬼٤žͱҶҵķ飬ΪʹĲҽš
ס֣
ʦΤ޼״ȻŭҶ棬жֹϢĵҶǰ
΢ǧ鶸ظ֣һ̹ǵϢֱʦΤޡ
СС飬Ҳ׵ǰЦһΤжغɫ׹⣬˵ǰĺ顣
գһĿǣΤ׷ֹʹʱ˻ѡ
ֹҲ˿żָһӣһĨĵĹ⻪ʱ͸ָ֮ϣָɿĻţлһޱȵĸַ
һʵɲǣָֹʦΤһ㣬
ɫĹһʱûʦΤ޵ڣʦΤĪľʹһսͻشһĽʹֱʱҸطϡ
Τ֪˳ֹĵˣڰ޾¡¡ľŶǸкУ֮һ
Ĺ򣬳ֹ˸ĹָѾٵд˺üޱȵַ
ߡ塢֡
һӵϹдɵɲǣֹľӨıǼѾˡ
ֵɲǣʦΤ޵ɫҲޱȵľʣֱ֡
̶һ֮ڣʦΤ޵ھһֲḶ́һ޷جһ㡣
ǸʹޱȣŶޱȣתȻķ壬õСޱȣޱȵľ֣ͷһɲǾĸоƺ
ţһԴԸУ֣Ȼ䣬֣˫ֱ͵ġ
ڵһб仯̫ˣ֮ǰܹ֮ϧָ״̬ǵߵģѾ޴ˡ
ڣӣƺˣ־ʦΤޣͻȻͳ׵Ŀ־ˣģһɲǿܻȥ
ȻҪɱѣǾģп
еĿ־ֱ޷ݡ
ʶģ˵ܵģʦΤԺ
еɲǣֹһӵϣмֻرǿ׳飬ѾʦΤ޵ıֻȳֹһ£ܳ׵Τ޵Ѫ⾫Τޱһӡ
ֹȴûô
Ǽɽĸߴ߳ٲ־ܶ༸ֻкڵʹˣ
ʱɽϣͷֱλϢޱǿ۵ߣλֵ߳ģкüλʦ
֮ǰҶʦأҲһλߵ
λϢޱȻȣʦصϢԵСޱȡλߵϢȻҶǰħ𡢵Ϣࡣ
֮λߣλ𼶱Ĵڡ
ǵϢôǿǵ飬ʱҶһģһ
ôҲ벻ֹһεεĹȻ¾ͽΪߴ۷壬ֻһ֮ңʦΤ޸סˡ
ңʦΤ޵ʱȫƾڳֹС
ҶҲûϵ̶ôЩʱղֹȻִʥŮĴ֮Уޱȹ֮
Ʋ۵֮£ͽһλ۷ʦ
˾ȵģʦΤڵģ䷨ĸ֮£ƨһѣֵһţ̵ָѾʼȳޱȵŧҺ
ΣҶ٤Ŷˡ
٤űҶ˼ʮȭҶˣһʱᣬѶѲ
²ʥŮ֮ʥŮлûãѾˣϷ°ɫǳʥ֮һµ迪ڵ
仰Ҷһ仰ߣ̺ϢǺܴ󰡡
ֹʥŮ֮󣬸ǲܵģʵϲñģֻ֮ǳֹĸʥŮ
һ˲䣬Ҷ뵽˺ܶණܶܣ
һɲǣ軰һתת䣬ʰΤСϷףϷʾϵײ˹£Ҳǻã
Ϸף٤ǸСôˣС
ʲôʱʦϯ֪£˿ĻɫСӣ첻Ϸһ˵أ˵䣬һɰޱȵϢͶشҶ档
ϢɲǣҶظе飬ͻȻһԪĽ߰ʧӰ١
һĪļ¸УؾӿҶͷ
˵һҶһĪļ¸У½ʱΰʱĪļ¸С
ٴγ֣ʱҶޱȵľ
ֹȴûµĺ߳תĿ⿴һɫ۵ľ򣬡ľ̬ȣôھ뿪
ľԳֹ̬ȣȫһʱʹճһЦ±ϲģϲģԶôһ̸ǵģ
˵ţľңңųֹһ֣һɫ̵Ĺžʹɽ̵ֱ̽˳ֹǰ˼ײ
ֹһһɫľȻµ裬һ̤ɫţͬʱʾҶ̤ɫš
Ҷ̤ϵɲǣµĿһɫŴĿռ˲ϢǱŤһ㣬ɫ˲Ϣʹ˱
ʲô
ľµŭϹϷҪʲô飬ףӣ
µһľȻҪ飬ϷȻҲӡǣһһ͵Ϸ棬ʦϯ֪£;ʹ˹ȥ浱ģ
ľһرޱȵ


1358 ߵļ٤
ػʹ
ʲôȥԺµĴʥʼ¡رȻ̧ͷ齥÷ŭ
ǰͺһ
ҪʲôûʣŭУ־ͽǰһ˻̫࣬ŵ̹ؿͷ
ڼܹ㳯Ϣǰ˻֣ʾЩ£Ȼļҵ£·ŵϡ
£еĳֹǼǰǸֻϲݳĳֹ°ɣ
㳯͸Źȴһֱζ£ν鲻·ֹУջֹ·
ʼ¡Щ˼ǣ֡ˣ
ǳˣ£ֹԴӻתһҪ󣬿һûӦ㳯ѵ
ΪҪ󡭡
û˵꣬ʼ¡ĻͻؾʹסΪƿشܵʼ¡ϾͷӦ˹
޵ĳ֣ĳ˰ʼ¡Щ꣬Ǽ£֤û
ر£Ѿˣ£Ŀǰ֮㳯
ǸҶСУξҲ޸һӾľλȻ޵ͣ͵Ϊţ
˼˼Ϣʼ¡ͻӱдһʥּӸӡ֮Ӹ㳯ֻûСĻͰʥּɣ
ȻҪ޾͸˭ء

ͬһʱ̣ܹڣѲϴǧܹ˾ϴһ侲顣
ϴұȴֱ֣мģһͷĿϴеߡ
ʵ϶ǽź֮÷ԵڶѲʹҪλѪ⣬ҪϴҵĵϣһŶӰ˾ϴЩ
ǸҶƽоҲӴʵȷʵͬһ㣬ܶԸңҲǺݽɫ
ҪǣҵƲ⣬ʵ϶ȻİţͲСƾȥԻСӵּؼʱƺǣкԭӽҲһ鷳ϴ˵
ѲϴǧŶЦһԭӣǸԸ򵥣ѪյͣİɫĵŪȥòһĹ򣬾Դ
ʱ򣬺ԭһ̶䴫ߣʲôޣ¶ˣڣΨһ鷳ľǸҶġ
ҪŪ̫죬ʵ϶ǲÿҪǵ鷳
һֱûпڵ˿ˣŪĿ첻죬ⶼ⣡ؼǣҪŪĺʱ򣬾ǻʵ϶Ҳë
幫˼ǣѲϴǧĿ⿴ˡ
ҪŪͷŪҪѸײڶ֮Ū֤ϴҶߵƿȡȻһҪҲϣҪ˵ùȥ𣿡˵
˰ΣѲϴǧŲŵ˵ͷ幫˼ָϴֵĶӣһҪڵһʱնϣܱĶ̽룡
ɫ˵˵ͷ
ãͰţСҪִأôҲðһµģôʱ䣬㹻ҸһݴˣãҲܱ֮𣡡
һ˾ϴ鶸رɭޱȣסඣСӵ꣬һҪ͹һɻĿ̣йϷͷ֮š
Ϸ̵ʮ꣬ͳȥոո¶ͷǣͱСӸˣ
ϴҽԼļӵܸ֮Ѳ˾ȻһһҪλãϴҿԽѲ˾ѲƿеĸԭҲǲ׾ֶ֮һ
֪Ѳ˾ѲһͷĿȫϴԲֹۡ
Ҷ𰸣»һҲʡϴҸĶԹ

ԺԺ
ϹҶСѣϷгֹĿˣ㹻ɣҶ濪ڽͣľ
УϹֹ֪ҶСĹͣдذСȴ谭Ϸʣʲô˼
ƻ׳֮Ҫ·غ
ľϹϷ𣿡

Ҷ볤ֹĿǣԭҶԱ飬ľϼһȴȻһܲһһһ
˵ĵطҲһ飬ڲҲǷǳء
ҪȻ׵޵ҶҪȴҪ׽Ҷˡ
ϼһܿ쳴𣬲ĸǶǳصģһӵϸȰţܿ콫⣬ıҪ֪Τޡ٤ֹҶͻġ
ֹûмŻشĿ⿴Ҷ档
ҿλʵһˣһ㣬һΪˣȫǿ٤ΪǰЩ֪һϵĺ鱦һң˵ǿ
ǿɾſھʦΤԮҲǻеֶΣҪȻߣҶһЦ
һľ򾡽Ȼ
鱦ȷʵǶԼ٤Τˣۺģֿܡ
Τޣôͣµʵ
һֲִֿ״̬ѳʦΤޣ£͵ģֻЩ䷨ѾĲˡ
ʱµôһʣʱЩֱ
ûش𰡣
Ҷ˵ûʦͽΪǼ鱦ǣԭǣǻҶҶ汳ˣǵժǵĹӡǵﻹţʬǸ쵰
֤һ¡
Ϣɲôױġ
ֻҪҶǼ鱦ϸĸӦһᣬǾܹȷҶ浽ǲǵǸ쵰
ȻڣҶɸˡ
ǣԭǲ˵
ǵжԸǼ鱦ġ
ԣ鱦ʲô鱦ޱϡˡÿһ鱦Ǳ֮
ʵش߲֪ΪǵĶ̰֮ģʧ˻һ鱦Ͳٺ鱦Ļᣬ½ǰƤѵĿܶС
ΤǾԲὫʵ˵ģ£Τ޾Ͳ֪λشˡ
ңʱڣΤҲû뵽õĽڡ
һû͵ĬҶ˵ֱӽµĴӵۡ
˰
ſɣ˼ʵǡ
ֱѾûԸʱķŭʦͽȫϷһ˼
Ϸ
ʦΤ޴ͽܼ٤뿪оӵµԸһʧˡ
ڻԲѵļ٤󣬱װװ˴ֱµһĽѪ飬Ǻˣ
״ľȴϲЦտٴλִһɫĽ֮ţ£ҶСѣϷҪúõ̸һ̸


1359 һ
֮ڣľһ׺ܹӵİ״ɲ߳ŲҶˮ±ϴ衢ݵȲޱȣ̵ĲҶɲǣһ˵ֱθҶ澫Ϊ֮һ
£ҶСѣ˲ΣľƲ
ֹᣬСܵõĹ͢һ̶ΪϤƷͷͷǵ
Ҷߣͼˣ˴Ȼһˮһ
ò裬˲軹֮ЧһҶɴĵݹ˱˵
ľٸҶ浹裬ҶѾԼȡ˲豭ԹԵ
һһڸڻҶٴεһıľոճõһò裬ѾҶһţľ볤ֹĿɿڴ
ľ򣬿ҶĿ⣬ڿһ㡣
ˣЩˣ㲻ǰҲѧƷϸġҶָǰ˷ģûм
ʵ⣬Ҷ浱½ʱҲ죬Ҳ֪һӦǻӦ
ʱҶǿˣƻգҪҪ˳ľ۲Уԣɾͳ׵ƿľˡ
ľ費һҶһϲģ
ӣóֹľֱӿЦ
ҶСѣʵ˵ǹµλʣһҲֻܻðѡҶСܹӦϷϷÿҲ͸ҶСѰľָųֹҶ˵

Ҷ豭һβˮ֮ǰ֪ľ׵ʲôϵ
׵ʲôϵͬΪһ
ҶվȻˣûʲô̸ˣ˵꣬Ҷתߡ
Ҷת߾ͲҪֹҲǸҶתߣ⽫ľ򼱵æ
ҶСѣлú˵ⲻ̸𣿡
£ǣ
ľϺ꣬ԵĿ˵ʲôȰסҶ棬СĵĴӳֹ͸
ֹĻشܼ򵥣Ҷ˼ҵ˼
仰ľЩ㲻ףָ
Ҷ湲ˣֹ
ľЩ⣬ԭ賤ֲֹ֮ҶӦǿڵΣʧˣһǴʧˡ
ֹҶĹϵƺܲһ㰡еĻҪá
£ҶСѣʵŲϷûг⣬Ǽų£ʵڲԸἰҶ볤ֹ֮ľٴλڡ
֮УҪʥأֱ졢塢壬ֱһ˵ԽʥϳǴܵ۹Ľ߾פ֧󲿶ӡ
ΪõģսȴвͬĵλҲ˶вͬõĸԴҲͬ
֧ͬľһ㣬֧ӣҪõĸߵĵλԴ֧ӵͳ˧õĸλãøĻȨ𣿡ľ˵
ⷬȥֱޱȣʵǼޣѹҶҪġ
ԣҶɴװһԲֹڵĳֹ
ֹǺҶҲһԲ
״̬ʮϢľٴοЦ
˵׵һţ׵ҲһţǲöԷù̫ĻȨ
˭Ҳ˭˭Ҳ׶ԷˣиͲϷ˵˰ɣ
ԣҶЦ׵ĹϵҪ׷ݵǰնɱ׵Ľһǧʥ׵ʦʦ׷ɱңΪ٤ĹϵյҲˡ
֪ǴӦô׵Ҫ׷ɱңҪҵ鷳ôľô죿
ɲܹģ׵Ҷ
ľֿջҲϲұȽϲʵԵĶУӦ֪ҵķصλúҸոջõĲõְ˾ɣ
ҿɲոո˽ףҪĶȻȴͱ֧ϴҸŪ
ԩͷҿɲҶ˵
УϴҵĹϵľǲҪٷϵĺãٷϣתͷߣҾԲٻͷҶһļ
ľЩͷ۵üģϴҵ飬ܸӣⲢϷһܹģ
Ҷɫһľ˼ˣϴȣҶУԶԶΪҶϴòҶ滹
ȻˣǾͲ̸ˣռ¼˱üˣһֱûʱȥãȥϵü
룬ֻҪȥ۰ռʲôʱӭɣֹ
£ľɫٴαˣ֣Ϊֹǵ͹Ҷ볤ֹĹϵ
仰ǽҶԸϣҶ湲ˡ
⡭¡ϷҪһ¡ľ˵
Ա㣡
˳ȥľҶٴЩĿһ۳ֹ
Ҷ治׳ֹõ幫жҪģƺԴ˼ӣȡֹ
ңҪ̶ȴľĴڶ޷ԾҪи߼Ĵܾ
࣬ʵ㲻ܻܱҶ̾һֹ
Ҷ磬ģսԽ࣬ԽңҲף֮䣬Ӧóʲô̬ȡ
ߣ£㶼ûжһˣҿһȫµֹĿЩӵĿҶ棬
ľһȥǰʱ
еĸߵĴڹͨʱɼϴ֮еҪ̶ȡ
Ҷƣǳֹڣѹóʲô
ʱ֮ľع飬ھҶ桢ֹ˽ʱ뿪ٻת飬Լ
ʱ֮Ҷ볤ֹһ뿪Ժ
ոձѵ׵ϯ֪¼٤ڷԺԺޱȵķŭţҶĺ鱦
ǵĹ۶ϹʲôʱˣҶϮְԱ
ұһ꣬ⶼʲôˣ
ûҶĺ鱦ǸʲôˣʦΤɭޱȵĺȵ
ʦǷ֡ҡ
ҡ˼£٤ŭͻشסͻȻ䷢֣Σںڹĵñ¡

Ҷ磬ʲôʱְȻ󳹵׵ĽӹһأֹĳݻתʱҶ֮괫졣
û취ΪֹޣҶദʱ䣬ޡ
һ֮ԣҪ׼׼Ҷ˵
ԣֹüһ壬һ£е˰ɣ
йνףڷϵٵѹܻСһ㣡ǣϴǱߣǾԲ׷ֵģϴҵ磬ʮа˾Żְ֮ǰ׼
ҽ㣬ԽǰȥְӹܷԽáֹ˵
⣬֮ǰϵˡֻǣʽھʽ̣ʽܾڶл죬Ҳ֮뿪أĹϴҪʲô׼׼Ĳˣԣȥȥࡣ
Ҫǣܸܲʱ⡣Ҷ˵
ֹ۾һô˵ҶͿǵ⣬˽İ취ܸ߲ܲأ

ҶЦε࣬Ҳƭ㣬⣬֮ǰѾڿˣ뵽һпܵĽ취
ǣܵĽ취ȴܸ㣡
ǲңǡ
˵ţֹ괫ҶԺм𣬡Ҷ磬㲻ýͣ˼̹ϵĶԲ࣬Ѿ֪ˣ
һеҶ͵͵Ŀһ۳ֹϲ̵ʱЩˣУ˳ֹһѡ
պҶڴ󳯻ʱǬڣʥʵų棬ҶһӾӡرӡȣҲǷһʱ
ѲտĻ˵Ҷˡ
ΪڴܣֻǷ⹫ߣиߣܻʥִ
Ӿ΢ĩλܹʥִǧ֮ڣǶһݡ
ѲտĻԣҲǴʥʶҶѲʹһֱౣãĳЩ֮ǰҲޱȵء
ʽܷһȱӾĵڶ죬ҶٴνлǳʽҲҶصˣ뿪أǰؽӹܷزˡ
Ҷ沢û뿪
뿪֮ǰҶ滹Ҫ졣
һ뷨Ѳ鷳ɢľٵѹ
ڶ£˯Сѹ
Ľ߰Ļ˵С˯ΪԴĹ磬Ҫ˯ָԴ
⣬ֻһ취ǾҵЩϡĿԲ챾ԴĵرСջָͿС̵ʱѡ
⼸˼ҶͻȻ֣ƺԽһ죡


1360 һƱ
ڸ֮ǰѲϴǧŪ飬Ū鷳ǣϴǧŵľϴǧڶʱ޷뿪ءҶִر֮ǰϴǧŲ뿪أҶͶµļƻ
һʼʵƻ˭ޱȵļ֣Ҳֵķ
Ѳϴǧ˭
ƿѲ˾֮һļͷӣ⻹ϵѲտɣѲ˾еĶϡĴѲҲѲϴǧ͸
֮⣬ϴұĴ֧֣ϵ۸ӣʼ¡޷ʰϴǧš
ҶһССӾܹԸġ
˵һĻϴǧҪߣʼ¡޷̫ʱ䡣
ôҶˣôǣϴǧŵľ޷ڶʱ뿪أ
˼˺ܾãҶҲûȻ
ҶڿǸСѰҲ䱾Դʱȴ뷨
й飬Ҷʹ˲࣬˹ĵȥظСд
ϧûʲôջ
Ĵ½ܹܶ࣬䱾ԴȴǼΪϡ١
Ϊܹ䱾ԴԼһ鱦ʦ˺鱦Ҫۺ죬ϡ̶ȿ֪
ңܹ䱾ԴǼı֮
ԽߣĴڣһսһСģͻñԴĹ磬ԴĹ磬һϵеĶ
羳䡢Ԫ˯˸Ʋ޷׻ָΣ
Ǽϡͳ˽Щֲڱıһ֣ǾͷѪ䵽ϣ
ͨҪŪֱѶ졣
ԣڿ϶У϶ĳҵıڣĳλߵܵĴָ֮С
仰ͻȻ͸Ҷ淽
ܹ䱾ԴЩеҡܸǣǺǸġ
ǲҶԼֶȥȡ
ⷽ棬Ҷա
뷨Ҷʱˡ
ҶԸֶȥЩıβ˳ָѲϴǧԸأ
ߣԵĲԡ
ѲϴǧǺεͷӰҪ֮£Եָܹ֤İѱ
ҪѲϴǧȻʲôָ֤İѱΪѲϴǧŵĶͷڿߡ
ңָ֤֤ݣЩͨȥѲϴǧ˽а
£ʼ¡ϴǧû취Щͨͱˡ
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£ΪֵĲ´һʧأΧ۵һѣһΧ֮У͵Цġ
²ѣ߸߹𣬷Ըûʧ
ǣηһΧʧأǽһΧߣЦЦ
·ŭ
Ҷ潫ؼˡŭϡ
һάԼҪǿǲģǺܶ˼άԼҪʱɾ˵ˡ
뷨ҶıһƱƻ
Ҷл֮ĵڶҹʱ֣Ҷ¼ڳֹѲһȦ
ҶӾľλûسӵʸĿǰԳֹУξݴڳֹֹҶ뿪ʱٽҲ١
ΧһȦҶͻתԼӪһΣһɰһ̫׵ıԴɵӰͳӪС
ӰϥҶı壬ȴӪ֮һʰ֮£ҶܿͱѲϴǧŵģ
ǽһȰȰȵ죬Ҷλİθ磬ϴҶʩչСлԪ˱Ҳޱȣʱΰθ߾ͱϴǧһݸߡ
һҶȡһһʱǰǱܹϴҸۡ·͵ϴǧųĳ
֮һֵϴǧţͳҶӪڡ
٣ͺһƱģЦһϴǧŵҶ͵سصףʧ
ʩչݳصףҶʹӵصֱݹĸۡһΣҶݹĸۡĵ⡣
ص⣬ǿķɻģºݹ֪صⱻ˸ϴˣȴ˿š
һΣݹĲر⣬ҶΪ뱩¶ԭ򣬿ûж
һΣҶĿ꣬ݹĵصײر⡣
Ҷԣᳵ·
ԵģϴΣݹۡķǿصҲмóжݷĸš
ǰҶһ˿ԶûС
СĴش󣬿ݹĵصײر಼ֶõļطֶݷֶΣҶЦˡ
ݹڵصⲼ÷ݷļֶΣȷʵڣǵشŴ
ǵشŴֶΣͨжݷ޽⣬Ҷǰࡣ
ɵģҶٴζݹĵصײر⣬ڲرⶥĸιȸĿ
ЦһҶʹҡڵĴӵһӣرĸָѵСɽһĵر䣬׷ƾʧȫҶսڵġ
ֻȸڵһʱ䷢˴̶ļʾͬʱֻȸɭɭĹ⻪һһֽ֮ĹֱҶ档
Ҷȴǲһ£֮תЩոҶڣͱҶתյ֮ɢ
ҶӰһ㣬ɿڵصײر˸֮ɿտڷ౦ϡľƳɵĹܣҲҶͬʱߡ
ͬһʱ̣ݹķڡݹĴܹܷڣݹĻͳķڡרſزرֵУͬʱ˹ȸ̶ļ
Щڣͨѹһƹȸ꣬ݹķǴ֮Уһ񾵡
Źȸļм񾵣رڵʱ͸֮Уǹȸ˫֮еΡ
һʱ˹ݹһ۲رڵΣ;һܣ
ѲϴǧţȻĿŵĵĵصײرԣö౿ļһܹôһ޴ޱȵߵ⣿
޴ܺߣһۣ֪ڿߡ
Ȼˣݹڵһʱ˵²ر⡣
Ȼ֪ڿѲϴǧţʧģȴıղذ
Ҳ޴ĽһصײرڵղأǧΪ֮һĻۡ
ܣһҪһȥʱͨ̿ǵľ´
ǣصײرʱһʱͱޱȣžҵţһؿڣֱѪ
صײرڣ˳ͷӬһ︮ĻİӰӡ
үô죿ĴܼҴҳʵ
죬ֱѪݹô٣̲ΰ˾ţ


1361 ܱ
ҹ̲ΰ˾ſڣ˺
أ̲ΰ˾ǸȽεţλݲϲ£м֣ܵģȴȫĸΥҽ顣
ػģûһûӰģ̲ΰ˾һͷĻɫ
ܶʱ̲ΰ˾һϡĽɫСģӦŴģֱϽ̲
ҹŵţ̲ΰ˾ֵټһͳ˳ݹһ
ݹù˵ͷڳҲȨ̫ѶӦݹԹôҲ
ݹݵʱΰ˾ټ࣬Դʱʹֹ
ֵܴ󣬵ڰֵ¾Ȼ漰Ѳϴǧţ¾͸ˣ
Ѳϴǧʲô
һСĵôĶ֪Ĵڡ
֮£˭ѲϴǧŰ˵ΰ˾̲ײǡ
﹫ү᲻ῴˣѲϴǧô͵֮£һ仰ΰ˾ټû˵Ѳϴǧʲô
Գ֣
ܹ˴
ȻῴӰΪ֤ݹӰΰ˾ټһʱͿ
ټܲױ˼˼ǣٰѲϴǧŵģԣ֮ӣʵ̫񣬶£Ѳϴǧŵ
֪ͨѲϴǧһˣĹܼңһȥʾ˵Ϊһڳ˻ôʱͣݹ󻯡
ʧԣʧأĽѪѾʼԼ˳̵ôѲϴǧʾãֳԸǣܹѲϴǧŵһС飬ֶΪأ
ãǱϾͰȥ
Ѳϴǧټһ˵ĺãȻ׷ˣҲҪչңҲ˽ţǱҲʼжˡݹ˵
ΰ˾ټ˼һ£Ҳûԣ£ѲǱãҲʲô¡
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ǣݽȥŴֵصĻӳһѽӹΰ˾ټ˺˸顣
ΰ˾ټ࣬ʲôҹģҲҼҴүϢǳԴҩ˻Դˮˣ
ΰ˾ǵ£ܹҲĹۿܹڵλ˭
Ѳ˾˾ϴ̫үѲϴүֻҪԸ⣬ַӳƨµǵ군
治֪۾ƨ˻Щ׻ˣ
ôûУ
˳ܹǲϽɱ˻߰͵ܹҰҹΪôƨ´ҼҴүϢ
Щ궼ˣ

һ֣ĭ˺ˤΰ˾ټϵģֱΰ˾ټѪӿ޲õǰ쵰
ΰ˾ټôǴֳƷӡ߹٣Ȼһūˣ
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ÿӡɫŨȷΪϡСƷְΪƷӡ˾ھֳƷӡĸ߹١
ɫӡӶ࣬ͳɫӡɫӡϾͱȽϸˣɳֺɫӡӡֻʥӿá
ΰ˾ټƷӡǵʮ׹ְҲи߲Աˣʱūˣܲŭ
ǣǰ˵ˣΰ˾ټλӣǸͲҪȻǻ
ǰλ˾Ҳϰˡ
һǲ𣬸˵Ѳϴǧ
һǿѹŭΰ˾ټתߡ
ѾˣˣһͽҪ͵̲Ͳˡ
ڻתΰ˾·ϣصһҸۡϿգͻһͨľѶ־ѶֻǸۡڲľѶΰ˾н޹ء
ǣس̵̶СʱٿҸۡ˾Ѷΰ˾ټͷһֲõԤС
ΰ˾ټתΰ˾һ¾ͱ׵ӭſǻ㱨ˣȥɣΰ˾챻˸ˣ
ô£
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µıԹΰ˾ټʱѹûˣ˲ر⣬ǴҪˣһãҪĿǰĹְǰСҪǣ
ΰ˾ټһǣصΰ˾ʱǰʧԵۡңǰ˼ˣ
ݹѾǾżˡ
һѾżۡΰ˾ټѾԤϵ³ˣǲ鲻ʲô´Ƕİ
ΰ˾ټһһһһҵЦһһҵѯţѯ֮ΰ˾ټͻط֣еĵ԰ָһˡѲϴǧš
ѲϴǧĿŵǵĵصײرԡ
ΰ˾ټξٲҲѲϴǧŸ¡
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ƾλһҹżҵı£ý룬ΰ˾ı£Ҳòסλġ
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ϴˢɣǾѲԸˡ
£ΰ˾ټ൱ڶ棬ȥܹ˵һ飬ͨ˻
Ȼ󣬾ͰĳǼ·¼ƻʧ¼ɰϽ̲
һҹżۡѾǾˣѾΰ˾ܹģ̲Ѳ˾Ҫ
ǣΰ˾ټ໹ǵ͹λش¼ʱ֮У½½ʮۡΪǰ
ΰ˾ټСĸθİ
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ΰ˾ǸʲôԵģȻ֮ڴУŭУһžͽΰ˾ټ߷ˡ
Ѫɳȥΰ˾ټ࣬һ˲ˡ


1362 
ڶΰ˾ȴ˵ıҵֻǵĹܼңˣһһľǳ޵׶һ㣬һ³
أϾλĸߵ;ܴӵеʵĸߵͣһĹۣǴܽеİ˴ǿɾǰ˸ľްԡ
˴֮УֻҪһʵ;ܹʷͥˡ
ֵӵеʵ֪
һĹۡģнǿߣǵĴڣͻϲˡ
ǣ˴κһĸۡڣŵ𼶱Ĵ򣬶Ҳֹһ
ĸۡˣӶˣɼʧ֮ء
֮޿κΡ
һʧĿԣͱü˰
嶪ʧģǼǧĻµҵģвԵļ⣬ʧֱ޷ݡ
ʱӷѣ׷Χ˹ȺӿҪΰ˾һ˵
ΰ˾ټ౻ǰƸŻˣʮλһλӣҪǻͷ¶ûΪͷ
æĳӹ°ӵϢŭӵϢŭ
ⱻеҲһɶϢŭҪǲһߣŭɶ˼Բ
ŭ˰
ʧԶ˵ҪĶ࣬Ǿеʧɲе⣬ڵ⣬ʧء
Ȼ˵ֻһĲر⣬ǣš
ĸۡȻˣȥʱͻΪ˴֮еЦ
£΢ʵ΢Ѿˣ£ΪѲϴйأ΢ҹǰѲϴ˸ۡͨЭ飬ȴŶûȥ
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˵ΰ˾ټЦȨѯѲϴǧϴˣһ¾ͽҪƽֻ̲̲пöѲϴǧϴˣ
ΰ˾ټҲǲ´󣬿Ϊϵϴҵļū֮裬ǽϴǧӡ
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£һҪѲһ
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һɭɭ˴һս㻹˵ܣ
״ΰ˾ټһʼĵȴճ̲֮õʱ䣬ʱʱ۷׷׵ѻԱƲԼ
ͬһʱ̣Ҷȴڵص׵ĳڵ̷˵ĵҩҪһޱȵӡȥĿġ
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Ҷĺǿǿ½Сͽˡ
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Ϣ֮ҶһתľˣһٴǱһۡ
ļƻûɣǴ˴֮󣬼ƻ͵ٴθıˣЩӵʵǿĸĸۡҶǲȥˡ
ֻЩͨĹۡǰȥ¶ˡ
һϣҶջֱ޷ݡ
ϣÿһۡջͶҶ￤õջҪ࣬ۡ˽صľеֱҶֻۣŪľеҶװûκ⡣
Ҵ໹Υǿľе
źǣֵ֮ľżңҶһҹ֮ʮһۡûһҵۡĲرڷܹ䱾Դ

ħħеĻһҪıȫôͨС֮С
һĹңûӵСǼ˵ˡ
ΪҶԵķڼڵĲرջıƷʣԵҪȹҵĲرڵıƷʲ
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ܷճϰߣԣŵĿʱ䣬ճ֮ʣʱ仯仯̲Ҳ⡣
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ԣϴǧŵ˵ͷӦԶֻǣϴǧôҲϲſڵĺūһθ˴鷳


1363 ޳֮
̲ţһ̲ԱæýŲմأ̲Ѳӿ¹شֱ̲͢Ѳ˾Э顣
ͬʱ̲黹ڷɿ׼£飬ҪϴʮһۡƾһСС̲ǰȥġ
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û취ôڳҪǸţôΧ˵һѲϴǧǾԲΪͷġ
һȦϴȫҲż̲飬æҼү֮ǰ̲ڰʱ֮ǰܹ⵽븮ԣʧء
ߣޣ׽ϴҺøߵֶΣ
ϴҵһԸҲˣ뽫ԸƲˣ
£ЩţѲϴǧˡ

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׽ôȴҪܺ߸һ
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ʼ¡˵޳֮ȣԶ˵ǵˣνˡ
ͬʱܺʮһλ^ڣˢˢĹµ¸
ЩѾ޺ԵһʧѾҲˡ
д˿˺ܺ׷ҪϴǧŸ
״ʼ¡ЦеĿϴǧţϴ䣬˵أ
ϴǧŵ飬ѾޱȵѿֱͦͦĹ·ģһλһ֤ף
Ҫ̲Ѳ˾Ѳϣ
ٴЦеĻ˻ֵϴģѾ̲Ѳ˾ѲѾʼȫ켩£ϴȫжɡ
һϺͱ֮䣬ɴˡ
̲Ѳ˾Ѳϴǧţľϴǧţ˵ϴǧϽ̲Ѳ˾Ѳôģǽ̲Ѳ˾Ѳˡ
ʲôЦý̲Ѳ˾ѲϴǧŵĻʼ¡ϴǧµ
ȻϴǧϽ̲Ѳ˾Ѳˡ


1364 
Ϊܵġġģȫִʩֱġ
Դؽм¼ȫǷ飬ڹȥϰ֮УֻĴΣϲħйأжйء
ҵĲرⱻʮң漰رԣѹʲô¡
ԷȫǴ飬ǲܵģȻȫǴ飬ٲˡ
һŴʥӵʥּڽ̲Ѳ˾֮жŴ۸ӵĹϵԣ̲Ѳ˾صǷһȫǣŹÿһŵԱ
Ѳ˾˾ϴʩѹ£ڳ߹κһԱŹ
ŪڳǼɹ⼸ǵԱűʮϵ̲顣
ңֻҪǳǵģҪˡ
ĹˣĿǰΨһ
ģֹԱҲ⵽
㡢졢ſﶼʹȻΪҶĹϵԵʼѣĿǰԣҶԼˡ
Ҷ棬Ѳ˾Ѳµûʵˣ鱨ԱȨ̲ԼϹ٣
ȻʣҶҲǲµģĽ̫߰׵ıԴɲǸǵġ
ȻӡδֻҪһƱԴڣ¾ǵǸĿֲڣҲܹ
£ȫǴжˣý̲Ѳ˾ĵײԱһЩһЩˮĻ֮⣬ϱʲôջˡ
ʮλΪͷѲϴǧҪ˵ƵѲͷöڸ
ͨݵĸð£Ҳܺߣ¼ȴҪܺ𣬼ֱд
黹ð죬û취Σ˲¹ͷΣ
ҪŪʵ϶еĽڶԸ
Ȼܣǽأûκġ
ߵѲ˾Ĵ֣ʱ䲻ڣûʲô⣬ǳʱ䲻ڣܾҪˡ
ǳô䣬ʵ϶ֶΣϴҵʧɾͲһˡ
˵ģĹΪϴҵ̫ү˾ϴΪ˲ƵüһЩָʹϴѲ˾ѲİӼ˰ȫߵѲտ˿켣
ⲻոĹϴѲİ׮Ѿλ϶ǵΣʵȥ˭֪
һλѲտţֻһ֮ңȴǱ¶ʧˣνʧأ

ѲϴǧŴʱ޲ðǸǧ
ȫǴʼ¡ȴĶƵƷõ裬ڼܹ㳯˾Ԥţ󱳺ܵӰ֮УһӰҡҷš
Ƕ˵˵ӣʲôüĿûУƷ˼ʼ¡ˡ
ر£Ŀǰԣûвκõ˾ԤȻػ
ԣʼ¡һѲ˾ʲôϴǧ֤ժԼˣ˵
һ仰ô˾ԤޱȣæĹˡտ˳жɹץϴѲڵŶӣ⣬ڽ̲Ҳϴҵİ׮Σ
䣬㲻Ϊϴɾ˰ɣʼ¡Ц
ϢŭѲ˾ѡϣӵСġ
ˣʼ¡Ļ˻֣ﲻǳԣöľ¹Ѳ˾ҪඣϴҵԺֻ٣࣬𣿡
ף
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ʼ¡Ļأܱͻش£ϳȥҲر⿴ˣ˵ֶηǳĸ
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ݣ޼Σʼ¡ʵ
ر£ǧ
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ûйأ֮£˵¼޲ȥ֮޼ݣⷽȴоޣȴʤӰΡ
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ر£Ŀǰԣʹ߳ɵĵطݶȥãֻҪٲҪط޲ߣӰӴ
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ףֻʳǻصĹؼλõ󷨸죬Ĳϼ˵࡭
㳯ȫ㣡ʼ¡Ļ˻֡
Ц֮ȻܹϢǱ룬Ȼܹɱϻûʼ¡һֲȫĸо
ܸĺΪֿЩС˲ΣЩڲرڣ츯ˣѹ⡣
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ҪǣղϴǧŶԣҲ𲻵ʵԵĴǵķת֮󣬿ܵˡ
ūµļͷҳĻСĿˣʮŸһˣǳȤ
Ȼ治󣬵ʱ̫ˣֱҪ˯ͷ㳯˵
˭
·һȱӾѲڶѲʹҶ棡㳯˵
۾ʼ¡ͻؾ䣬ȻҲʶ⵱еĹؼ
û֤ݣ
ر£ûУϳȥĹϳĸӦһֱˡ޷Ϊ֤ݣҶǰںԭΪ˱ˣʱҲӦ֮⡣ܱӰӿڵ
ۺ϶ԣҶ汾죬ĿԸߴ߳ɣ㳯Ե
ʼ¡ͻȻЦ˼˼ôСӣȻ˼
£СģСӣǸ֮ģ
£СģҶ棬ǵ졭
ߣΣֻҪΪް£Ǿ֮ţ㣬Ѳ˾޵ϣ㵨ĸް켸Ư飬ء˵ţʼ¡ָŴ˾Ԥıһٳ
˾ԤҲС΢λãҪǸҵ죬Դˡ
Ȼˣ㳯ŵСӣʵʱ򣬸ѲǱһļһﶤȥһܾʰɣʼ¡һڴ
ڴͬʱŹǰѲ˾ԱҶ棬Ҳ벻Ϊ·ļƻѾ㳯µؼƶϳ˴µ࣡


1365 Ѳ
ѲԲʮѲ˾˾ڣҶ濴ǰԱ۾ɵıţۻһŵģ
ӴҶģѲ˾λ˾֮һ³Ѳտ
λ֪ˣô˾ԤǰĽ˵λǾԵԼˡ
ʮѲԣǾӡȥҲİɣҶ
ӢѲԣҶѲʹҪףӢѲԣΪ֮ϵѲԣ־ӢѲԣѲ˾ڣҲңţʾѲ˾³˵
Ҷ֣˵ѲľӢѲԣҲһǧѣһǷֲصġ
Ҳǵ۶صأפصѲԣҲǧѡңѲԵֲǲ֪տ˵
Ѳ˾ѲԣһȽĳƺ˵Ѳ˾һĹܹͣΪѲˡ
ѲԣĹռͨĹеħӰħ
ѲԳյӰħǲˡ
ˣѲҲǼ侫սϣΪҲôﵽͨ񾳣ĿռͨпܻѲԵĳƺźְλ
ǧҲǧʮİٱѲ±߹а·Ѳʹģһ·ѲʹҲƽλѲԡ
࣬ҲλӢѲԣҪȻѲڶѲʹ˭˭ȥҶֱˣ
ǣҶ棬֪ѲԵжʮ˿ް꣬һǧϸѲԶ޷ѵ
˵ǾӢѲˣϣÿǧͨѲԣһӢѲԣ
ʮǵˣͨѲԣҿԸ㲹һˣ˾³˵
ǲһѲʹֵ¾ӢѲҲһٰɣͨѲĿǵùǧ˵ȫˣٸһ룡Ҷ治
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ǸѲԣҶ˵
ѲԣϷֵ£еȥѲʹۻ˾³ѲտͬʱվȴǴ˾Ԥˡ
ѲѲ˾ȱﶼȱΪ⣬ԲŸʮӢѲԡ
ôŰɣȻ˾쿪ˣǾͽͨѲԸ㲹ʮ⣬ΪС룬ϷһѲ񽫸㣡˾Ԥ˵
һ˾³ӶɳˣѲ˾Ѳ񽫣ÿһޱȣһѲ񽫣ȰӢѲԣô͸һصѲʹͳܣ
ߣܹס
Ҷ°ͣЩδĵ˵ͷһѲ񽫣ƺҲɡ
˾ԤȴǰԿЦ
ʵϣǷڻʹڣʼ¡ҶͻȻߣԤŲѲ񽫸Ҷء
Ѳ񽫣˾춼ȱ
ɲĻҪҶͱѲȻʼ¡ǱߣҲǲ̫ýٲһѵ⡣
һѲ񽫶޷סҶǾǵ̫ǿˣ޹ء
ʱ֮ҶѲ˾ĺԺжӵȺԱһһ
ѲʮоӢѲʮȫΪͨҵѲԡ
ҶЩʧǣ˾ԤѲ񽫵ΪǽĴڣ۷Ϊ
տĻ˵صѲ񽫣Ҳޱϧġ
˵ģտѲֵ£ѲҲſѡ
֮⣬ʮһӰ̽
׼ȷ˵ʮһӰ̽ԱҶµԱ
ҶȥǸҶֵµķ̽Ӱ̽ģҪûЩԱҪҶƾ齨һ鱨磬ò˶ãͻᱻѲȫˡ
·İμѲʹˣһϮɫ沿·һѲ񽫷İ˾³ߵָ£ΰҶȥ۵˾
˿̵ķİǾӢ֮еľӢľȻһʯͷһ㣬Ҷ濴ûκεı仯޷֪ʵ뷨
Ӱ̽ţѲʹˡ
μҶ棬ȷҶʵϢò֮̽ţϢĺˣϺɫһ˵Ϣͱ
ţţʮӰ̽Ҳȫˣÿ˶ԸϢصļײ¶
˵ʵҪǴ˴ǱָΪҶԱҲðűķվۼˡ
Ѳ˾Ӱ̽ڲҲżģΪӰ̽̽̽̽࣬̽Ѳ˾ڲҲǴʦ̽ӡ
˴δ˾ԤɸҶӰ̽һ̽һ̽ʮҶİס
ʹ˵֣ҶͻȻ;ôôıŤأֱӸĿڵٽڽʱԤ֮ڵִﱱУʱ򱾹ٵĵǲûʲôɣ
Ҷ仰ǶʮӰ̽˵
Ϊݲܱ¶Ӱ̽ǲҶһģһСı¶ˣͻϷˡ
˷ģ̽ţӦ
Ǻã
Ϣ֮õһӦҶ棬ʮһϢ޵Ѳ˳ֹ
ҶƨɺһƱԱλѲ񽫻оӢѲԣ¶ô
Ҫ׵ģܹΪãڡ
ͬҶ淽ԣѾ׼ȷãڽʱ
Ҷ˺ôŸѲϴǧô鷳ô˻ϻؽӹܵվȽŸǾ̫ɵˡ
ƻ綨ԳֹǱߣҶ֪ˡ
ֹ˼Ҫʮڵ滤Ҷ棬ǱҶ档
룬Ҷ滹Ǿܾˡ
һǲ뷸ɻ䣬ֹߣҪ֡
ֹȫصϢѾħǱߵӳ̶ȣ壬˵ʲôԳֹжűֹĺá
ȥСèһ£ŹԺҶĻСèСèʱͻһ׹ʧ
˵춼˵ˣʱͽ˸УСèȥˡ
֮СèˣȴǶһҵɫҡ
Ҷ֪ǳֹħؽʱЩūѧģǱŮǵĶ
ɫңҶЦһᣬȡ£ս˻
ԺֹˮеҶȡ£ʻһŭţ͵ظһ˿Ρ
һʱ֮ҶŹ졢㣬ʮһѲԣھسŵĽ̲֮뿪أԭϵϹŲ
Ҷ̤سŵͬʱܹڵѲϴǧţյ»رˣӬˣ
ӬˣѲϴǧ¶֮ɫӬһģ᲻ˣøصܳɣ
ǣ


1366 ֮ܿ
ܵؼԶǧ֮ң£ϹŲҶĿǰΪԼ߹ȥǵһʱܵ
ϹŲͷˣĴŲ֮нʱͿԵ
ڳ֮ǰҶֿǵ˰ȫԣϴҵֺڵĳ̶ȣ·ͶҶ֣Ҳǲܵ顣
ԣգҶԴͼȷһЩӵת·ߣҪŲư˴ΣȻнʱ䣬ִܵ
Ϊ˱·ߣֻҶһ֪㶼ûиߡ
ԭϹŲҶ˳ĵִ˵һվתϹŲϹŲ
ִϹŲĵһʱ䣬ҶһӾӡֱǰϹŲһеȴŲԱһѺ
ǴܹһȨκεطǹȣֻҪǸĹ塣
ȻڴߵĵطҶһССһӾӡסӵģкüλֲֳܼһλһȹ߳Ҷ档
ҶѲʹӡʱǼܼңһȹĹܼңɫ䣬ԥתٶ뿪ˡ
ΪҪϹŲҶ֪н·߱ضᱩ¶
ԣֻп죡
ֻٶȾѲϴǧſܵϮûв÷ʱ䡣
ݳϹŲ֮󲻵ϢʱڣѲʹӡ£Ҷһ˾̤ϹŲ󣬴ĿĹ⻪˸Ҷ˵νıģ
ҲһɲǣһݳϹŲͻش֮гɿĳ˸ϹŲʱһɢޱȾ㤵ϢĹǷسС
һɲǣͽǿǷݺݵϹŲһؼڵ㡣
һĻϹŲͳ۾ֱˣ׷ȥס֣ϹŲԾóԳƻ
ǿǷȥĻͻŲƵϹŲж϶Ųжϡ
Ųжϣǳֲ
ռὫ֮Ϊ˺ɷ飬żõģһҶ볤ֹһ㣬ٴ䵽ĳռڵ㡣
ҲڴܣҲ䵽һ޷С硣
⻹ããʧȥԼϹŲһɲǼ䳹ױռ籩ὫŲ˺ɷ顣
ҪǣֿԸߴϣ
ͳֱ˵ʱ򣬺ɫĹһһöޱȵʸݺݵĶĿڡ
ֻһɲǣڵأ˲ϢڣмĳĹǷҲڵء
Ѳ˾е
װͨĺӴȺбͳ˻еѲ˾ƣɿľͽʬˡ
ͬʱϹŲ˸ʧҶʮһѲԱʧŲ֮С
ǣŲ֮ͨУһĻҶ棬ȴ亹ֱ
ҿ֮ǰһ˼̽ţβ죬ѰԱԷ͵Ϯ
ҪȻһãܾڿռ֮군ˡ
һ볤ֹռ¼ƴȫȶռͨͱռͨʬˡ
Ҷ棬Ѳ񽫷İɫҲޱȵѿռ֮ͨУձޱȵء
ԼϢ֮ǰ⻪˸Ӱ֣Ҷ֪ǵִƻеĵڶתվϹŲ
˫صĵһɲǣҶʱ죬ӡʱϹŲ󣡡
ǣ
ǼֳһҿƵϹŲˣˣһֳҶӡȳ˳ȥ
ǣεһĻˡ
һѲԵûһ˶һ˾һ㣬ɵߴĳϹŲаףŷΣޱȵεĿҶ档
ҶɫһڣĿⶢһ벻Ѳԡ
ҶεǣһѲԣû˿ж˼Ѳ񽫷İ
Ÿʲôû˵İһǰָһѲԣſһ磬·һһƮ˹졣
ҶĿȴûжĶѲ񽫷İ
˵ʵ֮ǰйƵĵǣЩѲĸָӡ
ѲտԣѲ˾ɭϣû˸ġ
ڣЩѲԣȴĲѲ񽫷İհ
Ѳ˾ȵԭҶҲõ
ѲտԺܺõļԦѲԣһʵǿ󣬶ֵܱɽ
˵һ㣬ҶҪо¶ûָʹ
졢ʵǸɲȺѲԵģҶԼʰһ֣ǸѲ񽫷İҶûκεİա
ҶˣҶ棬ҲΪʷΪõѲʹˡ
Ѳ˾ڣ·ϣǴɣҪƵ̶ֳȣѲһøɵҶ淴ͶѲпܵġ
ʱҶޱȵ˼ССڣֻҪʣʱǧڡ
ذΧ˵ѲԣѲ񽫣ҲҪˡ
˿ֻ̣롣
ҶɱһĿ£Ѳ񽫷İҶ湰˹֣˼££Ѳ˾ԶǲжҲ
ͣҶž˹ˡ
Ѳʹ׿µҪѲϹģİǹŵġ
İһ˵Ҷʶ̬ԡ
Ѳ񽫷İôǸ̽ţҲòȥ
Ȼϵǿ϶أǵﱱ֮һҶȫｨµѲڶ·Ѳʹ϶ҪİţµѲ̽ΪǸɡ
ý룬Ҷ涼֪ʱ϶ᱻİţ˳׼ܿա
˵һ죬Ѳ˾һֽͻὫƹʵȨķİţΪѲ˾ڶ·Ѳʹ
ѲµıӾҶ棬һʧȥѲʹƤı³ֱ
Ҷո뿪أ˸ҳҶ֣ʱŪһӾŪһӬûʲô
ȻҶ֪Ѳ񽫷İںŪǣʱȴǷʱҶҲûзıǮ
Ҷɫһ֮ͨ󣬳Ѳ񽫷İһζֿɬЦݣҲǣٳΣҲǳεѲ˾ְ񽫶ָ㡣
ֻҪѲʹְλ񽫵ĺôٲˣ
ô̵ʱڣҶ滹ûʰ񽫵ķӣôõķӣʾáʾԴ⣬ѰΡ
ʲôϹ٣£ֱҵȾǣѲ񽫷İӦţУȴһ˿Ц
ǰѲʹҶ棬ƺҲ̫޴ܿͽܲǰĴңʶࡣ
ֻҪʶ࣬Ǿͺð졣
ҶٴʾԵһЦĿ⿴췽ʱɫͻһ䣬飬ƺ̫Ծ


1367 Ѳֶ
ҶѲ񽫷İһ仰ĹһѲԾͳ嵽˹׼ɢϹŲʱһߵȺȴŲˡߡ˾һѷӿ
ôãֵˣ
Ը·ˣȵ湻ѾģţȺɿķӿ
ǰѲҲû⣬һ֣˾ͷɢӭ˷ӿȺѲ˾еơ
˵Ѳ˾һ˵ͨߡˣһĹײ
ˣѲƵɲǣȻͬʱ٣
Сģ
Сģ
ҶѲ񽫷İľͬʱͬһɲǣͷӿȺһޱȵ
һָ޴ķͷĺǰĶʮѲϡ
ЩѲҲǷӦ٣͵һʧ˿УܹҪ͵Ϯ
ǱܹˣϰٺȴһĳϹŲĵҶˡ
£Ѳ񽫷İɫˣˣ
Ƥӵ£ҶѲʹ̿͸ɵˣôѲ˾ĹأҲûˡ
һĪĲҶ渽ĶʮѲƾʧʧһɲǣƾǷӿĴ̿࣬ڵĲһ˿ĶһĨ˶ͷ­ͳ
ЩѲԵֶΣȷʵ˵ãǣܲסԷ˶డ
һϮ֮󣬰ʮҶ˹
״Ѳ񽫷İЦһҲô˫΢΢һһĴ̿͵ƾձ顣
ҶĿһѲ񽫣治ǸǵģֿռͨطļƯ
Դ˻壬ǰʮԾ̿ͻսһ
Ҳռͨһţû֮ǰռͨʩչҪһľġ
ǾǾֻⲫˡ
״ҶֻǿţһûҶ涯ֵĳ̶ȣҶ뿴Եʵս
ǣ̿͵սҶϡ
̶̼Ϣ֮ڣͨڻսбնɱҶͷһʹһԣδıǮ
£Ҷһ̤֡
ǡɣһ̿ͱӢһ߷ɣ·غ«һҶҶ˵ͬʱͻһĵ棬͵طͻضһ̽Ѹ׵ĴҶ档
ҪǣͬʱһﾹȻ۷ĿֲϢ
̿ͣ
ôãĴ̿ͣ
Сģ
һɲǣѲ񽫷İֱˡ
Ҷǣȴǳһ˿ЦϢһ䣬¡¡ʱһа׾ĺǴ̿͵ϡ
ϵطͨٶ죬̿Ͷ̾͵ϮֱǸҶŵİһ㣬ʱĹڵء
ͬʱѲ񽫷İ͵سҶǰ̿һϳأ
ʱҶҲٱָ׹ֻҪЩ翹Ĵ̿Ӱ죬Щ̿;ͻᱻѲԽնɱ
ͬʱϹŲҲΧ˹л˲Ϣ쵶ն飬̿;ʹ˱նɱһա
ˣ
սѲ֮⣬ЩͨѲԣ˴ˣа˾Ÿˡ
ôһ仰ҶȴǿԶĹ졣
Ǵǰ⵽Ϯģǿķ˵أҲСЩ̿͵ĿҶ棬˹ֱ֮Խ죬ҶķɱԱסһ
죬ôҶ˹ȥɿȡϡĵҩһԵ˹ĿС
ҶļƻУǹصԱɲܾô군ˡ
ǿһѿޱȵЦݣİɣˣ
ˡˡﰡҲڴʱǰߴ̿͵ϹŲֵͳҶһ·С˹
ֵϹŲִɱ¼ôŶһοɱɷѲ˾
ܹĵģСȶƺڴ
ҶѲ͵غҶǰ˼ײǰҶ㱻˴ɱ֣ڣҲðˣѲ񽫷İʱͼΪҶԡ
ΪҶС룬ҲΪǵС롣
ǣܹĵĶͳʮҵľ룬һҶȥ
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ȥͬʱһ߿ͷģλΪǰĳԹŻУǻеȴԽԽ
ڹ򻬽Ҫֹͣɲǣͳ͵رһƥĽ
ǸȫĽһ׶һ㣬ɿıٶޱȡ
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ֱ˺ƶĤƿؼХ
ҶǰŵѲԷӦҲǹģȥ˸ɴһᣬֱ廤Ҷǰ
ͻȻ䱩Ķͳͻһ˿ǰһֱصĽصϢر
ʱҶǰѲԵͳ̿͵ĽǰǶһ㣬ֱӱ⡣
ɭɫĽһɲǼͳ嵽Ҷǰ˫ĿǾ֮ɫҶ棬˫͵غ˼ӶĴ̿ͣ׹
ǣͳ̿ȴûнǰ΢΢̽ұͻȻһ׵ɭɫС
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Ҷͷ亹У˸һ˿־塣
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ѲϴǧŵֶΣ治һ㰡㰲ţޱȣҶķӦƵˡ
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õĻҶιĻᣬҶ룬ǶԹ˶ˣǲҲǼƻеһ֡
㾫ܼƻ֮£һ㣬ֻһ㣬ͰҶɵˡ
ҶүģҿǾĴСȵأһҪҰżʮϰٸظźң˯ҪڴظӵĴظ˯ֲĵɷݺռڣĽ߰˷ܵĽš
Ľ߰£ոպһеȫڵķӡݡ
űƿͱ븹еһɲǣҶֻ΢΢Ľ߰Ҷ潫˸λá
һֱӴ̽ڡ
ҪȻƾһ̺ĿֲʮҶ¶Ҫʸ顣
һΣҶڹŹһȦ
ˣһдɱһɲǣҲҶܴǳǴڸľѨλȫǿֲ˸顣
ˣ㡭û£ѲЩŵץҶͽһ鿴Ҷ״̬һ
ҪҶڰ·ϣȻѲ񽫣Ҳе
飬飬õͳôͳ˴̿ͣİ
Ҷ֮Уȴ
ˣһγζһ㣬ͱɵˣ
˵ϴǧŸɵģ
ѲϴǧţҲûô
ϴǧţû꣡Ҷһ


1368 շ֮
ʵò鶼뵽Щ¶ݵĴ̿ϣǲ鲻κõġ
߻ѲϽѲ񽫷İܿϵѲ˳Ǹͳ̿͵һ·׷ȥͼҳʲô
ϧǣһʱ֮󣬾ȫ˽
ͳϣѳħйͳдɱϣҵħйصĶ
һ˵ͿжΪħ尲ŵĴɱж
ǣ׷飬еĴ̿ͣҪֺڻڴûκλϢл¼ģҪǹ¼ҹˣҪڽһʱڻʧٻ
ͳļˣһǰȫʧ
ûмʧһҶ滹пܻỳħֶΣҶħ壬ҲǽԹ١
ͳļʧʵһεɱѲϴǧָʹġ
Ҷ滹ԩңǣûһôֱʡ
ϧʵҲҶƶеʵʵûκ֤ݡ
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ˣĿǰûκţǱѾ׷ˣǳ֣˵ܹʲôԼ˲㱻ɵѲ񽫷İЩҲסˡ
òˣҪʲôܹǲôѲϴǧžͲϴǧˡ
ţֳ̽βд̽ˣ򱱺ᣡǼ˵ֵôˣҶʵ
һΣνǳʦǰΪҶѲԣһӾսѲԣΨһҵģ˵ȴӳ졣
պҵߺʵ֮иʱ䣬ֽһϸѲԡ
شˣµҩ˵Ѿˣ˵Ѿסˣʣµģǽʱ䡣İ˵
ðɣǾͳɣ
ܿģҴʮѲԾͼһʱڣ󲿶жûκ⡣
һҶ潫һʱ˼һȫͨзֱİ⣬Ѳԣʮһ飬ֳ飬ֱɱѲʹ졢˴ӣŲƣǰӽкŲƣжӽǰؿƾ䣡
˵ĿҶѲʹǰ󾯽֮£ѹ޴֡
Ҷµˬ죬εǣӦ
ЩͨѲԣЩη֮ģҶ£ĿѲ񽫷İҶ֮䲻ͣĴתЩʴӡ
ЩӢѲԣĿⶢѲ񽫷İѹûκҪж˼
ˣ¾ģһɱ֮󣬵ǲɱ˰ɣѲ񽫷İɵ
ҶĿⶸرޱȡ
Ҷ֪ѲϴǧŽ֮ǰĵһҪ񣬾ƿշֵµѲеĽҪǲܽǳ׵ָ̽ʹôҶ³ֻбǼܿա
ʱҶѲϴǧŽֵʸûС
񽫣ŴɱԴǿѹһŭĿǰǷʱ

Ѳ񽫷İҲҴƱһ£һֵǶˣû˵
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ҶѾʼѰ˼ˣ̵ʱڣ׵շǲôѲأ
Ҷ·ת໥ŲƵķӣȻ˵㣬ķʱһ㣬ȷʵЧģٿԷŲʱ˴ǹ
һŲĸϹŲҲû⵽Ϯ
ʱִسִ֣һϹŲͨϹŲѾǰˡ
ͨݳûãҶѲ񽫷İ㵵ĿУȡһ˧ۣһ˵ۣϢ֮˧۾ʧããҹ֮С
⣬ǴܾʽеΪξ˧ʼȽס
ǴĳƷ֮һÿ궼ĽһΣҶ½ӵеҽۣǴʮǰĿʽ
ĿǰıǿһЩξֲЩ
ڴܣµλ䱸ĶǱξۣ񽫼ֻۣʮϵľŲŻ
˧Ψа˵ĴŻôҡ
Ѳ˾䱸ҪһţͨѲʹһ䱸ۣҶһ־˧ۣȻѲ񽫷İޱȵľˡ
ԭܼ򵥣۵ƷܸһףҲر
˧ֻۣҪ㹻߻ʯ߶ٶȣԴﵽǿߵķٶȡ
ȻѲ񽫷İ֪ǣ˧ۣۣҶڣôһҡ
Ҷ֮һҹʮһۡջǾԲǸǵġ
һ·ϣѲ񽫷İЩȵĴ˧ۣͣ̾ţˣֶο治һ㣬˧ۣѲ˾ҲͽѲǱÿ䱸һң㾹ȻܹŪ˲ã
Ǻǣ
ҶװһĸһЦȻЩȫǴۡڵĵڸġ
ָ۵ػĻָ·һƬɽֵ׼䣬ƬɽϢҹ
Ѳ񽫷İ鶸һ㵣ˣ۳ʯ֮⣬ЩѲԣҲ߶ȫһķɵֱϢڴ˵عҹǲ̫Σˣ
Σգ
֮мϸͨ籨ŴΣ˵һɽְӪկϢҪȫöɣҶЦ
ϸѲ񽫷İͷһѲǣѹˣⲻܰɣ
ûʲôܵģ˽ҹϸ˭ͻĿ˼ҶѾһշӽĲѲԵķ
İ飬رЩ
䣡


1369 ϸ
أܹ
ͷʹޱȵѲϴǧţⱼһ죬ֱҹŻص˸ۡǣʱ򣬻Ϣʱ
Ϊߵߣʱæµʱ
Ȼ޷ȥѲǱߵ๫񣬶ͨСŲ͵ԭܾݵ㣬Ȼٿ͵ɴʾ
һظϴǧžͷʼһѲµĻ򰵵ĹЩðд͵ţϴǧЩͷʹ
û취أЩܱ¶ȴֱôֻü临ӵİඨ֮ʾϴǧš
ϴǧѲ˾ͷӣЩҲΪѾ
ͻȻ䣬ϴǧŵĿڽһð͵ĳʱķԭ֮鶸һ
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һɵ˸ո̤ʱϴǧžͽǰˤϡ
һȺôʰһССĲӬȻʧˣ
ٵûκβļ˳ĵˣյħֽ𵶵Ϣǣɱɹˡ
ȷϹصİۿħֽ𵶽кҶĸ
£һĽǿߣħֽôһǣĸҲ߳ϡߣ
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ħֽô˵ϴǧŻ
شˣҶް֮µһʱħֽ𵶣ħֽ𵶻غȷʵıɱкҶĸС
ֻǣкҶ渹еĵһɲ֮󣬸оЩŹ֣ƺЩ·һ޿ռһ㣬ģҶڣЩŹ֣˵
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űūϴǧ黺ƽô˵ǱСֻӬඣ
ˣҪҪ·ɱҶҪִﱱ컹Ҫ졣ңҪ٣Ҳ̫ѣʱ䣬㹻ˣ˵
ԣϴǧŻ˰֣Ҷ볤ֹˣܴħؽŻתȻЩҲЩµģϴǧָԸԿǣԲġ
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΢΢شˣϣؼǰûӵĻжĵһʱ䣬׺
ѣֻǱ׺ϵʮֵΪ˾ˣؼһֻǶʱڣĶǣڸϹŲ󰲲֣ǲܶˣ
ϴǧŲÿɷĵ˵ͷóһţðдͼӡ֮Ӹ١
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ˡǱߵβ̫ɾˣֻŪ˼ССϺ
㳯˵꣬ʼ¡ַƣˬǰɣ

ҹ֪ɽ֮УѲ˾ֶΣزʮӣͲһӪأؾط󷨣ټٶʮʣʵϣס˵ģֻ֮һľʡ
Ҷ汻һͨľʣȻЩѲԣҲҶİȫ
Ҷ֮Ѳ񽫷İȴǸҶ࣬Щ񲻶
ǱҶ֮ǰǾǵмϸͨ籨仰ֵġ
Ѳ֮УмϸֱţοһѲУСֶѵģһҲ֪֪׵ġ
ԴҶ˵⵱мϸ֮󣬷İЩģҶ𰸡
ԭܼ򵥡
Ѳ˾Ϊ鱨ţϸ飬ǴеĴɣһ̵ֽǼλѲ֮һǼϸĻҲ鷳ˡ
Ϊ֮ǰĽͷҲᱻܵ˾飬Բż
ˡ˰Σİ̲סˡ
ٵһȣţϾϢˣ
ȻأһѶͻش룬ֱҶУҶĿһʱ򣬷İĿ⣬ҲĶҶϡ
ҶȴһҲż˹˾еļȻŽ˷Ѷ
״Ѳ񽫷İ쳤˲ӿҶ棬鼱ޱȣ


1370 İѡ
鼱еѲ񽫷İҶʾİϣİ֮ҶŻƳһǰһƵ˼м䡣
Ѷֱǰͷյģ̽ţġһѶţʾСģ˵ж֮мϸ
ڶѶȴţһĿ׷֮ļϸѡ
Ҷô˵ЩŵѲ񽫷İܵץѶҶȴȿסѶ񽫣Ҫ˵꣡
İĬȻĵ˵ͷ
ţ˵һʱ䣬̫ˣֻǸ˿켣ҳˡҶ滰˵һ룬ҶĻͻ̽һɫмżɫƵСԴ
Ƥļһ
ҶЦųСèԴһָͷСèǷ·һ㷢һȻҶĻ˳ڵľҶǰİϡ
СһƵĽˣǼҶЦ׳һɣڼϵСèһԾͽɵ
Ҷô˵İĿ䵽Ҷ浥ָסϣҶȴûô⡣
ԸӦҶèһĳɢŵԼԼϢӦޣСɵޣҲȥˣǹǵѡ
죬СèƴСһ䣬䵽˷İεαϡ
İܹΪѲ񽫣ȴǾ˵ѲԾͨ顢αװɱѶȵֶΣΧĻ仯ǼкСĵģѲ񽫸Ѳ֮еٮٮߡ
СèԾ䵽αϵʱ򣬷İļʱͱˣ˫鸧棬ʱбĿԡ
ΪѲ񽫣Ǽİ˺ԸģҲǰֻСèǰϹҶĳҪûϵѾڵһʱ䱩𣬽ġҪֻа߾ļһˤࡣ
Ѳ˾֮УΪܵͬ飬Ҳ˽վı
ģСһ˳ģ˵ģİŵģҶʱĽһ䣬÷İЩɡ
ɣǼ˵ڼ£ҶĻʱͽİעǣǰ֮ϣԭõ㰵Сߵ뷨Ҳͱŵһˡ
ţ˵һʱ䣬̫ˣ˿켣ֻҳڼܵѡ㿴˵ţҶͽеƵ˷İǰ
İڵһʱ䣬ץ˵ڶҲҶνǸڼǽš
ڼ飬Ѳ˾ڲɻ飬͸еͶѹ࣬ǿﰡ
򣬷İ˲Ϣͳ˽ȥȥɲǣİͱĪ
еĵһ֣𾪡
ڼһˡѲ񽫷İ
һ֣ʱ÷İң䣬ˣǣⲻܣôڼ飬϶ţ˸
ͳĻХͷˮͻȻھֻ˶ޱȵĻצ÷İɫٴξ䡣
񽫣Ҫ㣬ʱʲôԹԵ˵Ҷֱ壬ЦȻԴһֻ۷塢ޱȼ޵ݱȷצӱӲȵĻ㾡ܿԣ
ʱİֻСèѲ֮ǰ޺İƴССèһֻףޱȷ˶צȴɭ亮Ŀֲͻ
ǰ׷ڷİαϵСèŷİڼеĵһ˾İʱ䷽֮ʱϢĿס˷İ
Ѳ񽫷İ۾һУɭޱȣˣʲô˼
ѲʹɱһѲ񽫣Ѳ˾Ǳߣǲðոݵģİȵ
˭˵ɱŻڼ飬˭˵ùȥҶЦ
Ҳڼ飡İ鶸رüˣһУƻõģţķѶҲǼٵģöڣƺûţİѺô˵򣬻ڼ֮˵αģ
첼һУΪ˶Ըңʱ򣬻һЩϸڵķİѾӦ˹
ֻǷһжڵʯ֮䣬ڼϸʵ̫󣬲ټСè仯Щ죬˵
񽫣ͷķϵǸòҪԻҪȻҵСèڵһʱĲӣ
Ȼ˵ҺΪЧ㵨ҷĻһԥĸɵ㣬ҿϱ룬һӢѲ񽫣Сֻһ
˵ʧһѲ񽫵ĸϵ˶ԣһ鷳ҶԣŪҲûκģҶ˵
ⲻܣİһڷѲ˾Ѳ񽫵Ҫԣһ㲻ЩѲʹ
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ҲڷİɫʱСèڷİֻצٴγûһʱİСһ㣬Сèס˲ӡ
ֻҪСèԸ⣬ʱϷİĲӣ·İԴ
㣡İŭҶ档
ֱʱҶһ
İ۷ĸ֣Ѳ˾ڵѲ񽫣ûгƿ֮ǰʱб̵Ŀܡ
Ҷ治òСģʱİСèסʲôرֶΣҪ̣޿ܡ
ʣµģλѲ񽫹ԹԵҶˡ
ðɣ񽫣ڣѡһǽ꣬ȻԹԵЧھɱ㣡
˵ţҶ׳һöָȻ˻Ǻܴ󷽵ģҵ£ǲġ
öָ֮УƷʯ飬Ʒʯ飬Ʒʯʮ飬İҷѣ
֮⣬öָ֮У̓һöܹռͨ°빦
ⲻҶ˵ɣǲռ䡢ʱƮͨʱжҸ
һöⲻܣ˾Ҳһòһö顭
İĻû˵꣬ҶֵİڳһöʱѲ񽫷İԲ۾һа
㽻꣬ЧöָˣȻ㲻Ը⣬ֻСè㣬Ȼöָת͸һλӢѲԣ
Ȼ֪ļֵһ㣬ǣһпܼܿҵѲ񽫣ܿƣǸɵʣ
˵Ҷһָ̯֣ͷҲϲ˷ʱ䣬ѡʱ䵽ˣֻϢʱ䣡ȻҶָͷͿʼһһ
һеõѡ񣿡Ѳ񽫷İεĿЦ


1371 ִﱱ
Ѳ񽫷İһƿФ䱾˵Ҷ鸮֮Уǣ󹦸ɣҶĵ׵ǿŴʯͷˡ
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ǣҶȲҲûôʱźЩĴүǡ
ôõʱ䣬սǵ꣬ݣ㡣
СãССèҶϣȱѲ񽫷İ۷徭ޱϵĸ֣֮£ܲʲô¡
Сڻ˯ҶʧȥһҪշѲԣҲƲѲ񽫷İ
ǺҶͻ˽һʱ䣬˷ŵһĻ
ʵŵЩƣҶҲûаٷְٳɹİգҶ֮ǰѾ˱Ѳ񽫷İʶƵ㡣
˵ǣΪҶΪԵʣİҶ沢û̫Ľģһ̤Ҷ壬СèˣҶּ£ˡ
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İƣȻ˵϶ԣҶ֮ݹϵûʲô仯ΪǣĹϵӹʼҶһַĵĿ־뾴η
ʱ˿̣İҲ֪ⷬǸǻֻϣҶܹĳһ㣬ѲסţҲбͷ
İȥһλӢѲԽҶԸ
Щʧǵķİ̫Ҷ˼ǽ˵˼ǣ
ЩˣЩӢѲԣδǵڶ·ѲʹİԣǱƿ뱣֤ԵҳϺָʹҪȻʲôѲϴǧŶ
ǽ֮ţϣĻǷǳɵģҶ˵
һ£İͻصˣֻǽŵֶμھӢѲ𣿡
˼ǣҶɻ
ˣһѲԣȫһִ֮󣬾ѲǱصչ˺Ͳ߷
ȻЩ˶ϸѵ֪֪治֪ģʱ߷ǵģͬΪѲ˾Ѳ֮ʣµʮѲԣ˲ȫطƣѲ񽫷İ
Ҷһ£İĽ黹гģҶ֮ǰֻƻѲ񽫷İʮӢѲԿС
񣬼Ȼİ˵ǾͰİ˵İ죬ǣҶԣûжģҶ鸮У˵ʮٵʮָ챾ԴҲ¡
Ҷͷͬ⣬İĪͷһϲͷһֱһĿС
ȻѲ񽫶Ҷ꣬ôЩӢѲԻͨѲԣҲӦñҶ꣬źһ㣬ƽһ㡣
Ϣ֮һӢѲԱнȻ󱻷İŰҶ永ϡ
ѡһǹԹԵĽΪЧǱҸɵޣԣзڣҿǿгȡơ
Ҷ˵꣬ʶѲԾ𣬿ǲһĺɫоʹĲϣͬʱİһֻ֣Ҳǵϡ
ͷ㡭ʲô˼ѲԷŭ
ǷİһѵģԳƷİΪͷ
Ϣ֮󣬵İҲҶƵ˵ʱѲԾͳ׵ήˡ
ҶһʲƵİҷѻʮöӢѲԣ͹ԹԵķֳһ챾Դ꣬Ҷǣơ
ҪѲʮӢѲԣҶصǵܹһλҶߣҲɱˡ
˵һߵЩѲԣͬİһ£һһĿ죬ʱҶҴʮѲԣȫҶꡣ
ʰӪʣһѲһ챾Դս鸮ĵһ˲䣬Ҷ´
ò˵ЩѲԳ׵УЧġ
һҶѾûʾѲ񽫷İû˳ɣȫڵһʱҶ
ҶѾƻȵر֮󣬱Ĳ˵̽ţֵЩͷĿӹ̽ȫҪ編ƣƿص
ҶǰɽҰ밲ӪϢΪ˳շӽޱȵѲԣĿĴɣȻȫٸ·ˡ
ʯͶȥһ˧۵ٶȣ˲Ϣﵽٶȵİ˳ɣ൱һλ۷ǿߵļٶȣѲ񽫷İٶȣֻ첻
ǽ˧۵ٶȴ߶µĻԴﵽͨĽǿߵķٶȣٶϣʯģٷһ
˧ȫ£ѲǱ밲ʲôֶΣҲ޴֡
ȫ֮Ҷ˱ķΧ콵ٶȣѲӱȫò
ڶɽˮ߿űϱߴɽְְ࣬ãЩְ̣ߵĳ꿤һƬ̵ء
£Ҳòȥٷ¼ʮϱʮ࣬µȿ˿ֻǧࡣ
һǧ˿ڣ˺Բʮı¾͸һࡣ
ҶõͼϣǣϽʮأ˿ڹأֻһسǣ˿߲ʮ˿ڴھǿıܱߡ
ȻҶ׼һ·ӱϿշɹĻǰġ
֡
ܻ֡
ĸ֡Ȼ
ҶĿǰ£ûָһ˿ھۼػ̶һģ̡
һ·ӹȫǻߵũׯ԰ɼ֮
ˣ뱱Ǳǻʱҵʱ䣬罵΢ȸױʵݽӹܣֱɱټľ󳼣һʵ
ı˼ӹⱱ˾
ҵ巢ǱӾΣñھְУξϣְӡϵĹԱȫڱӭӱ
ߣ£Ҷɱڵĺȵ


1372 
ƣݡؾֿԿΪһΪأΪξڹٽ֮УٿξΪٿصͰףͨ£ΪξΪ
ֻͨܵı߿Ǳˮ֮ħĿǾٿξڿ֮ϡ
ʱ򣬿رϿξؾڴҲĬġ
ڱͬʱˮ֮ħһ¼ȨĿأԿξȨ൱Ĵ
̶ֳ϶ԣ񱱺ֿĿξʵһĴڡ
ȻȻģξƜWҶֿսӾܲӭ
ĸʵ۵ͷͻȻֱһλү¶ˣ˹鲻ˣܵɷɭϣԷϵĹԱȨһãְٰġ
£ξƜWٲҲùԹԵΰҶ棬ǰһ˵İݷãÿξƜWı뷨
ҲּΪŵա
ʱ֣һȱӾҶĵĴӱŶ룬żʹŸϰڶӭҶ档
ǣĿǰƱξƜWµһƱ٣ȴһûӰ
ҶҲŭɫĽ˱żһڹԱĲΰݣ󣬱żҶӭʮϹ½Ӿۡ
ӾۡλڱǵϲԭʵǱظΪʱȣֻԭظĻ󣬷£ҶıӾ
ڿż֮һլΪعá
Ҷү⿤ظڵһУϷ·ˢõģߵѾۣĿǰõĻϷŵˣүס֮󣬿һһ
żһǰУһָӾǰıסҶүǱӾˣ˽ҳ࣬ס¸

ҶЦеİ˰֣ſأƿξػû
żɫһ䣬¾ӾһξƜW˼˭֪ҪλεӾһ
Ȼ֪֪ȴ˵ġ
شˣڴ˵֮һʱξƜWͨԣˮܣȥˡż˵
ܣҶЦһû
żɫٴһ䣬ˣܿû׼죬ʮеġ
ǲǱӾλһ죬һأſأ˵ƶξأűӾҶĿƵĶſżȵ
ҶĿ£żͷ亹ʱ˳ԥ˼Ϣ֮ż˵ЦˣƶξȥˣϷ֤Ǳ˻ңˮħ峣֮٣ƿξһ֮ʮ֮˾ţڡܣ
ԣҶͫһһ䣬棿
棡ƺ뵽ʲôż鶸رüᶨ
ܺã
ҶЦһԶżѾ˾·Լѡģʱ򣬿ɾ͹ֲҶˡ
ξƜW֮˵˭֪˵ǣǣΪصż֪ƜWĿǰʵżȴѡֿ֧ξƜW
ҶȲˣȽϢɣҶ˵
ˣϷ˾˽ӷϴ
ȿż˵꣬ҶͽסżĻͷˣ;Ͷ٣ջǳϢã
żЩڨڨˣЩ
ż⻰˵̧꣬ͷʱҶѾ̤˸֮ۡУ֮󣬸ۡһ󼦷ɹżڸۡڵŮūͣȫѲԸ˳
ԣ¹Ա̬ȿɼһߣôۡеЩŮūͣʮа˾ţдߣҶòŹ֡
ŽıӾۡĴţżһ
ҶӾϵ¶Ըȥʵ̫ˣȫΪǡ
һ֤Ǳߵ˵Ҷ棬ȫһŹʶȥҽ֮ѹûֶΡ
ǱߵֶΣֻҪҶӾﱱòһأҪ
ʱ򣬿żģǰЩѡǶԵģ
ֻһĸ˼䣬żͿ첽뿪ˡ
ż뿪ûãӾܱۡߵεĺڰУͶһ˫˫˫ۡ
ͬһʱ̣ľӪУ໢һװӵĿξƜWڴ֮ⲽЩż
ͻȻ䣬һͨεľ̤˴֮УξƜWͿ첽ӭȥôǸҶķӦΣ
ˣҶӾǾͱﵽӾ֮󣬵˦ӣſذŵĽӷ綼μӣ븮Ϣˡ
µĹ۲죬дЩ£ĺҲǼΪӣ
ԣξƜW˼˼ϢӳǸӦòѶԸѲʹݣȴǡ
ƿξģҼҴǱߣаţҲһյĹˣûƿξֻ֧֣ƾشǵ֣ò˶ãͻᱻҼҴ˸ˡ
ʱƿξıɹɰӣߣƿξҲǵһ٣ߵĵϣûϴѲϴʰ˵ļһһʿһԸ˵
ӿڱ֤ξƜWͷȴǴ󶨡
ټ˵ĶԣϣûϴѲʰ˵ˡ˵ţξƜWһк
ţϾ磬죬һҪټྡˣ
ټѲŵˣƽѲǱ߸߸ϣξƜWһϵѲϵҪٲסᣬǾɵˡ
ƜWټ໹侲ѵƿξҶȻʱˣֵµʮѲԿɲǳصģһûѲ񽫣һҪСģ
ټģһСģţȥҹѲڣƜWȵ
ʱӪھͱɱڣʱɭڴͬʱɽ亣ζˮ۵ͽ˧֮С
ŮУźһڽ࣬ʱ˧ھݺЦϡ
ƺ֮ʣ޼ɵĽŮд״ټҲѧ˧ڣʱ˻Ц

ͬһʱ̣Ӿ֮УϢǱ븮е̽ţҶ㱨鵽Ϣ
ˣĿǰˣƾȨĿξƜWĿǰûбܣֻפڳӪ֮еȴϢǾȷе鱨ǿξƜW쿪ʼĻȥڱܡ
һڱܣߣɾ͡㣡
ţ˼ײһҶ治ܹƿرľȨҶʵıӾңûоӵϣڶ·ѲʹؽҲء
Ѳ񽫷İüͷһˣҪҴһѲǿӪܲܽߣһˡ
ɣ
ȷİ˵꣬ţͳԷԣܣҲǰս֮ǵӲûʲô𣡡
ǡ
ǲˣҶͻֹţİ磬£жƣ֮ǰţм£Ҫúõĸ˵߶˵߶
£ţһɻ


1373 
֮󣬴Ҷ鷿߳̽ţ飬ļֱ޷ݡ
̶̰ӵʱ䣬ǰ;ȫƿС
£ûѡ񣬲ֻ
ԭһ˿ЩѲ˾̽ΪƶѲ˾شʧȫļ˾ӳػ
һƷŶ޷˺ǣѻ֮ࡣ
ǣҶǿķţȻ¼ӳֵػꡣ
ԭҲǰ£׸ҶӾһˡ
ڴ֮ǰ̽ţȻҶָӣǹǲҶ档
ѲϴǧŶ
ֻѲ˾Ѳжǿ
ڣ˵ʲôˣֻƾҶǲѲϴǧˡ
Ψһ̹ģҶǸΪҷѵĴָˣƷʯʮƷʯһƷʯ̽ԣҲһʲСĿ
£Բʮ꣬ôһҡ
ģҶ͸һöǴֱʡ
ǰһǳصᣬоһʮöĳɽ۸񣬸ߴʮƷʯ
൱һöһǧƷʯλҶˣһξͼΪµһö൱һʮƷʯ
˺֣̽ţ൱𾪡
֮⣬Ѳ񽫷İѲ˾ڱĵλҪһصļһƺͬҲҶ꣬˼ѲȫԱλҶսꡣ
һӾƽࡣ
⼸죬ҪɢڸصЩ̽ͷĿȻôս꣡ҪһҶһŹƽ
λҶ˺ĳ֣ӦòôױѲϴǧŸʰˣǲ֪ôʰξƜWֻгƿⱱĻͿܣ
һҹܶ˶û˯š
żѲ񽫷İ̽ţ졢㣬ƲҶĿܵжֻҶļƻ
ΪҶܻҹչжѲ񽫷İɱξƜWȵȡ
һҹȥˣӾڣȴûκζ
ӾҶ汾ˣǰҹ͵Ϣ
ù졢İţ˰żǷİţҶ꣬ҶһֵӹܱĹؼʱ̣Ҷȴûκζ
һҹıӾʱ򣬴ˡ
㣬ͷİֱӡţǰظżһڴ٣ǰǲ
죬ӾơȫȡѲԳ䵱ǣϸǾӪҶ
ǡ
ӦͬʱЩԥˣˣνܣֱӪǲ̫Σˡ
˵ЩĿǴӪ֮УξƜWΪ͸ߴأսʮԱͨս
к֮ģӪΧ֮£ǡ
ˣµĽ飬Ѱһᡭ
ȹ˵꣬ҶʹĻ죬˼ַ÷ʲô
Ǳ֮ӹܱģ͵͵ķʰξƜWˣ
ʱ򣬾ӹ˱Ҳ£У鷳ϡ
֮ƣշ˱̵ʱ˳ӹܱȫףҶ͵
ǡ
׼ɣҶûٸȰɵĻᡣ
һֱڹ֮л죬׾ڵĹ
½Ĵ½ľӹģʵܴһڵĴȴһġ
ſڣżЩǱ¹ڣһƱٴ඼ˡ
ģڱأͱƻѲԴڴҶһ㲻ǾץȥģǱŹ֡
ҶүǴȥģΪβ֪ͨ࣬Ա̣Ҷ浽żӭȥ
ǴӪ

ȿżӦҶһ֣ͿٵǴӪͦ
ǴӪ뱱ֻвʮ룬ȱͨĽĽų̣Ҳ̼
ҲҶӱųһɲǣгǴӪر顣
һ˧ڻûر֮󣬵һʱǰ˧ͨ汱ʮͳ˧ҲξƜW
õһ˧żǣξƜWΪλѲŵټ࣬ƵƵȰȻȵ࣬ûѡ
󣬵ر˵ӾҶǴӪʱ򣬵һ˧ɴЩɺξƜWӪʣǿл˿ξƜW
ӪڵЩĿξƜWò״ӼŮӵۻҳ˿ξƜWѡ
ѵĵһ˲䣬ƜWԴ۾ˣǵĹضùˣ˭ô˧ʵģ
һ޹Ŀ˵һ˧æǰ͵ˣҪ»رôģ
ˣαӾѾſżһڿظ٣ֱǴӪ
ǺҪ£ȻҪ
ĿξƜWһ˧˵꣬ʱ塣
ֱӪҪʲô˵Ѿˣ
ӾҶҶˣżŴˣӪҪξˣӪ⣬˳ǳĻر
ξƜWŭǶʲôԵģ˶ɱӪſˣŻѡ
û꣬ƜWͱЩڨڨʱǳ˹
һξƜW˧ⲽ˼ҶĿ
ҶĿŵĸӪʣʲô
ӦӦԣ
Ϣ֮󣬵õϢĳѲŵټ࣬Ҳϵ˿ξƜW˧֮Уͬ˴¡
ƴˣҾģҶ˵ľٶԣָҪξˣܼ򵥣ҪÿξΪ
ô˵ƴӦҶҪ󣬼Ҷ棬ҶóӾӡ㵱Σټʵ
ΣϵӦ¹ʣһһݣֲˣξƜWм˵
ǣҶ°֮ʣ㣬Σټʵ
ƜWһ䣬֣Ұɣ
кβңɣзϵľҪԱ֮ȨǵְλֵΣ
ټһ仰ȴƜWסˣƜWɵöҪʹܣҲûڵѶȴˣ
ԣһ˧ˣˣӪŴǱߴߵļô˿ʾ£
һµĶ룬ټͻصˣ⣬ܣ
ξƜW۾һû⣬ܣ
˧ϸϸӪţ˵ܣʱȺ޹˵һɲӪ
ǸҶģڱǰĵȴܻת֮Իǰȥΰݣ
һ˧ЩԥˣӾǿأ
ԣټЦǿΪʲôطʱεĿӪ
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ǿ䣿õһɳһˣҪǲСĸɵλӾ鷳ɾ͡
˼˼ϢξƜW鶸رޱȣİɣӪǸҶӾûǸӡ
Ǿ͸ɱˣ¾ֵҲռһɱ
Ǵܣؾ͵ģ˵ǻᱻνҲпܣ˵ţƜWЦ


1374 
ǴӪ⣬ҶһƥߴĽϣǿżпظһ٣ҲѲ񽫷İ졢һš
ʱҶһĶŴӪӪǽ׸
һ֦ǿɵߣڷַݿͷûκξ֧֣ȫƾԽ
ʱЩõǴ͵ȵһʸĻܽıһʮʸķ󣬲ȼ
ǣʸ˸ĺ⣬Ϳ֪Ȼͼ󣬵ʸǾ˼˾ӳֵģ
Ȼʮٷĸ䣬Ҷ첻κ˺ģɶӪ֮һӪı
˵ȫ䣬ǳһ˳Ҷһ˸Ҷˣûܹ
״£һЩСĿظ٣ȶӾͿʼ̴תһЩѲԣҲʼֹҪǱһθԵ䣬ô죿
ſأӪûκηӦҶһ䡣
żʱ֪ԸӦôˣϹˣ˿żλεıӾҶҶүλҶүģǵĽ
ѾǿżκˣľӪУûָ⣬ûһ˿һĶ
ˮһɢȥҶ棬ײǱô£żκ֮£Щͨʿ䣬Ѿ˲ò
ͻȻ䣬ҶУһżеĽ켲ŴӪӪţңңſż˹ֵشˣƿξվѾܣҵڵȺξ˵ľʱ׼Ρ
ش£ǵȿξ˻ת֮ƽϣ
һӡ
żһ㵣ָŵһ˧ɱţĹۿ죬ǱҪǱӾҶҶλҪƿξҶүǱˣǡ
˵꣬һ˧ȴǱǿĹ˹֣ŴˣʲôҶӾӾģĩʶĩֻ֪ξ˵ľʱᵽʱΣ
Ǹ赲Ӫ֮ǰ˴Σʱ򣬾ݹĩð
㡭
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˵ӦǣֻܳĬӦԡ
ĬĬҶȴĬȥĻᡣ
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һݣʱ͸߾ٳһ߲ʲƾ͵ʥּߺʥ뷷ҶΪһȱӾӹܱʥּڴˡ
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ϢĺϢޱȵǷɢǬѹʥּʱͱҶݡ
˫س֮£ӪŶһʿͻ̿ޱȹڵأеĻڵأҲǲˡ
ܿģ󲿷ֶڵһ˧ĵ£վʰ˻
һ˧ڴ˿̱ޱȵľᣬǵ뷨УλҶӾӦ߳ŭŶԣʥּӡģȫ·ư
ſأ˭Ҷָŵһ˧ʵ
ҶүǱһ˧Ϊս
ȿż꣬ҶֹĆ£ͬʱ˾ͨѶŲ󣬽أ
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һҶԶٶȽһͨѶŲɣȻ󣬰װƷʯͨѶŲ
ˣѾ׼ϣȵ
Ӫڣһ˧ЩɻĿһĻ벻ҶҪʲô
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Ӧòᣡ
缫ʢһүԼķض޷˳ӹܣҪӹܷأλλ³ͻֻһ֮䣡
ô޴飬ǰλҶӾӦòȥɣǲԸ
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Ҷ׿ݱ飬Ĵÿһʿ˧ڡ
ǵһ˧Ҷÿһ仰ÿһ֣شһԺУޱȣ罬ֽ
ǵһ˧һĴС٣Ҷݿ飬Ǳشһ㣬±ˡ
ݱ͵أǾһ춼˵
ҲǱ֮أȴǹħͼıǻ˵ã
ҿ϶ؿ϶ڵһʱɳˣʱ򣬲һȫЩˣÿһħıһľ٣¶塣
ˣʮǶģ
飬һһ㣬˲ϢͽξƜWʩӸѹ˸顣
ڴǰһССĿξƨ㲻ϡ
ͨһһ˧͹˵ϡ
ųһ򣬳ǰҲӪϵĸʿһȲĳʥּķȥ
ɲǼ䣬ͨͨ¹ױ
һ˧ǹȥǣҶȴûͣ˾ӸǱӾһȱӾӡټӸǱӾѲڶѲʹӡſҲһͬӡȻ󣬼أ
ٶȼ죬ܿǷ⼱ϼӸҶӾڶѲʹӡȻ˫鵽˹Ŀżߵſأӡ
żҲɵˣ˼һ£ȡӡ
ؿڣһӡҶڰΪıͬҲпܵģ
ɣõһ˧󺧣ֱѪ
ݹҪǷȥֵǣɾٲˡ
ҲǰλҶӾʵĿģ
ʯ䣬һ˧˾ϣǱޱȵϥеӪſڣͷأҶķ
үүĩ֪ˣĩ֪ˣĩԸʥּĩԸӾүΪүЧ


1375 Ͷ״
ǴӪ˧ڣξƜWӪſڵһһ˵һ˧ѾطּЧҵʱƜWټͬʱɵۡ
ôҲ벻ƣվԵʵȻҶַӸ߽ˡ
ŭ֮£ξƜW͵ȥס˵ǸҶģôóǸͽ
ءˣҶүʥּӡ˧ݣ͸˧˹ħıñӣҪĸأɴƽѡ
Ͱ͵ĻرϣξƜWȴˣһͬסģλѲټࡣ
ı˰ΣټȻޱȵ³ô֡
ξƜWѾޱȵأûıǹ󡢴ȻııǰǵЩıơΡ
յµĻѩ̾ͻữΪУǡ
ʲôټæʵ
ııǰǡֻ˵ţξƜWټĿͻرò̫һ
ټಱһܵʶһΣյϢæĹֵȻˣǱ뿪ø
£
ټ˵꣬ξƜWһȣ˧ʱϣټӦûᷴͱܡ
̶̵ļ֮䣬ξƜWѾ·ˡ
Ѳһ·ߵڣھͻᱻʮ壬ͶҶ棬ҶλӾѲɵ֮ǰܱĴһʱ䣬ˣӦҲ档
ҶƺƵı֪ҶλүɲǺúŪġ
֧˵ܣǰ˵ڣûͶ״Ҷλүǰռ
£λѲ˾ŵټ࣬õͶ״

ǴӪſڣ䤱ľ˧ָ´ӪţӾҶ棬ȴȻûɿڵļĿĶóһҲҶ
ڻлڸ֮⣬ǱӾ͸һڹĻᣡҶ仰ھ˧Уһ㣬Ͳûϲˡ
ϷǴӪ⣬ټǴӪУξϵľ٣ҪʥּҶȵ
ǣĩϾͰ죡
ֱҶ´˧һһأǹȥˡ
´һͬʱӭҶǴӪ
ҶȴûôģһͶϵĽ죬ȫûԼ˾Ӫֱ߽ȥǸࡣ
ǴʱӪҶǰıƵƣȫ˷ˡ
Ҷһʾ⣬Ѳ񽫷İҶ˼ӢѲԾ˾˧
İǴӪգϷ˳ߣ
ǣ
Ϣ֮ҶѲԾʧ˴룬ȴƵ֡
Ҷ鱨ξƜWڴӪ֮УҶôǷξƜWߡ
ξƲWǣ֮Уܱȣ˵¸СܹҶ鷳
ԣξƜWǾԲѵġ
ز֮Ҷ뿤żһ̤ǴӪոսӪûãǰͳһƱ
ͷģǱˣǿξƜWǴӪ֮еһ˧Լϰ١
ż飬رޱȵĽ
ҶѲԣ񽫷İְ˵ϣնرɱ
һɲǣ˵鶼ޱȻ
첽йĿξƜWһڽУԶԶľͳҶ£˫ַ
ҵȲ֪үݵʧԶӭүˡξƜWͷ
Ҷȴһ䣬ڲ֪Ѿˡ
ЩµʱҶüëͻһ鸮֮ж괫괫ڹǰĿξƜWġ
ʲôܼɱʲô֮ԣҶ涼ƜWŪͶ״ȴҶжһ
Ѳŵټ誣һˡ
Ѳ˾˾һ˾ַ趫ϡѲһרħϢ̽İѲ
Ѳģȣ·ѲʹѲ˾ĻݹģһӴ֯Ѳټࡣ
з٣˾һࡣ
˾һֱ࣬Ƿ˾鱨Իܡ˾ܴɱѶ͸üȵȣ˾ܸѲڲԱĹǨѡѵȵȣ˾ٺ»ţԱáãʲ֧䣬һ˾е˾ָܸľез죬ȵȡ
˾˾֮⣬һ࣬רڲڲԱ飬飬ڲ͸ȵȣרŶڵĻ
֮⣬ѲŻ£ǸѲĸ֣Э
Ѳ˾ѲŵҪˣʵϣѲ˾ڣѲ˾·Ѳʹ±˾Ա߲
˾һ֮У˾ʹһʹһټѲ˾ڲѲŵ˾һʹ࣬·Ѳʹƽġ
ټ࣬Ͱ뼶֮ҶѲʹҲֻͰ뼶ѣѲУҲǺˡ
㲻ѲϴǧŵĸҲĸ֮ˡ
񣬾ȻƜWĵĸˣͶ״͸Ҷ档
Ҷ֮࣬ƜWҲǹĿ࿴
˵ʵƾξƜWٻϵĺͷҲǸ
Ȼ䣬Ҷ͸ı⡣
ԭҶ֮ʰ⿤ξƜWԱ̵ʱƿرľȨƜWʱֳȴҶı⡣
Ҷֵȱʲô˲ţ
˵ģҶֵߣ˫ʮ֮ûСΪߣͷĸֱ֣Ƿ
ҳϷ棬Ҷ滹治ġ
棿Ҷ괫ſξƜWȵ
ĩԲүξƜWͷصˣھͱ˧֮ڣү鿴
ҶָʹһѲǰ˧ʲ飬Ϣ֮󣬵ȷϢ
ҶϲһѲŵټ࣬ǸõõǴкô
ȻСɱΣ½ʥּ٣пԭ⣬ǣȻٲã˼һ£Ҷȵ
ξƜWһʱѾûѡˣæصĩԸƾ˴ã
Ϊξ⣬̱һ٣һ˧෸ͬлڸ֮ĵķϣ̱ްʮ̣ȿԸҶȵ
ΪˣҶ汻ӪſڣָţνȨɨء
ΪƜW뼸ͷͶϣȻܣҶܹ˳ĽӹܱҲͷ
ʮͳ˧ξƜWλ˧̣ԽҶӡÿһʿĿ֮С
һ֮ǴӪУʥּ֮ͬʱƜWλ˧
λȥ£Уϣ̣
ž
һ̱ȥѪɣ


1376 𼶱ػ
žžž
һټǰԵޱȵ̱޳Ҳ£ߣҲñ
һľ˧˧֣ʱ˵İʮ̱޳Ҳòȥ󱳰׹֣ܿۺɫˡ
ôأһǸߴΪתټҩϣҲĹ򣬾ָܹˡ
ȻϣȴûнİĿξƜWλ˧źҶߣȺҶĽһ
ҵǣ֮ѾԴ߶ֹѪˣҪȻһʱСҪꡣ
ӹܾӣȻٲһѵҶȨʾɣйͳ˧ҶȴǳͨʿԣҶڵѵϾ粻¿
Щʿ䣬˼סҶˣԺС̺ţģ˿ı䡣
ʲôҳ֮ģϱɶɶˡ
Ҫ뽫Щʿģø棬档
ƿξʿüΣҶͻأʵ
һΪʹһͷ亹ĿξƜWͷͷĺˮ͹ֱ¡
طԿõ飬ûУǣ˿۾£ȴǳ顣
ƜWģһҶ鷳ʹˡ
ţҶ涸һĿɭȻĿƲW
ءؾүѫλְͬλͬƷײͬöǲһģĩԺϸĿ
˵ͨʿľãҶ涸شƜWеĻҶһڳĴ٣ɫ
Ȼ˿۾֮£ﶼˡ
ҶɱһĿ£ƜWؾүƣͨսͬұͨʿΪ꺣ʿƷʯʮ飬ͨʿƷʯһٿ飬ְ˾мá
ƜWĻأ޴ʹ·ۼͨʿ֮ЩʿĴÿµֵľãֻʯȺӿֱӿ֮ƣȻⲻԾ
¡¡
ྲ
ָһ̧һըھӪϿը죬ļµĲʱҶĿ⣬Ŀ˿ξƜW
үǴµľãұ㣬ÿýв㣬ԾôǼ뷢š
ż۾ʱ͵˸ԲÿľãǰģȻ·أڿ࣬Ϊ˿ڵԭ򣬴ܵո˰٣Ҳ㸻㡣
ûԿξƜWΪ׵һھٲ˿£ܱ
żŭĿԲָſξƜWŭš
żͱõҶָʾֹˡ
ȻҶѾչƜWΪˣͲƜW̫ͷǰ̣Ϊ˸ǱϿ˿۾õƜWⱱľУûˡ
ǰⲻ㣬δȫţӾܲˣǣڣȻⱱ˱Ӿķء
ǣҲǱӾذȫҪӽ𣬲һţңľãµϣȫ
Уһ£󣬾ͱ˾춯صĻ
ԸΪҶүЧ
ԸΪҶүЧ
ԸΪҶүЧ
ɽХһĻ˽ϢƽϢ
һ£ӱ¾ͿʼʵʩǱӾзŸǣ˵ţҶһ֣⻩ͣУ㽫̨·ʱͶѾһƷʯɽǧ֮ޡ
ҶʮһĲر⣬⣬ջֱ޷Ʒʯ⣬Ŀǰ壬аڿ鲻ֹ
ڶཫʿʱ˹ȥɽХһĻٴ쳹
һΣҶһ֣УͰ
ţڶ̶̰ӵʱ䣬ҶͨеѾٵ
ڣҶٵӪӪ⣬ҶЩʿͻҶ濪š
Ӿ֪ªϰڴ֮ǰģӾһŲӽٸзߣһɾá
ЩֵģӾֶ֣Ŷţҽ˵ľԸװģӾͶԴ
ǵоԸֽģ°ѱģԣӾΪѲ˾ڶ·Ѳʹֵֶ̽θĲӿϣ
ɱڵ⼸仰֮Ҷʹת˧ʡ
ֱҶУʧڶʿٴηӦУϣٴ˾춯صΪҶЧĺ
ƜWλ˧иӾҲ̫˰ɣ仰Ӳʹͽʿˣ
ǵжģֵµʿ䣬һӦ
˵ЩҲԿ
ͨʿľ÷ֻǶʮƷʯʮ飬Щ٣ɾһƷʯֱӷˡ
֮ǰѾ˼Ĳ˿۾Ҳˣж
£Ҷα˾УξִϴȨලʿȡá
Ҷ棬ǿ첽ϵ˧ʣ˧һһҪ
һ˧ʣҶͿ˱жУýʵʵʿҶʿͫһЩȻϵҶ棡
Ҷ涯Ѳ񽫷İȥܿͽλѲŵټ˵׳죬ӡΰǣȫ˳
ˣӦòðģһ󣬷İ˵
Ҷ˵ͷʾİ֣Ϣ֮ڼһȭ֮£λټͷŰۻ˹ȥ
ڵˣҶɲԸûֶΣֱķԸɡ
λټԣҶǣ꣬ǣո誵鸮Ҷסˡ
󣬹һ鸮֮еػܲƿҶʵ
ȻѲ񽫷İ;ĿҶ滳̽һܹԵİƴСĽߡ
ҶүģػţϵĽػɸ߼˺üҹƣνĴռ˾Ǹʩչ𼶱ػ
ӾӣʩչػţƣڰүǣǰҲ㲻ʲôǣصǶʮõСеĵ߸ԣĽ߰˵
Ԫ鰢ĻȴҶĳ˼Ѳ˾ؼҪԱϣļ˾ӳػ
ǣųɾŵѲ˾Աػ¼ӳֵģֻѲ˾ѲĴڣп붯ڵĴռ˾ӳػ
£Ѳڱĸְټ࣬ǾԲҲûʸ붯Ĵռ˾ӳػġ
λټܹĴռ˾ӳػǾֻһԭ򡪡Ѳϴǧŵĸ
ӦѲϴǧŻ˵ϴ붯Ĵռ˾λټӳ𼶱ػ
֮Ŀ̫Ĵռ˾֮Уϴҵˣ
һش֣
Ϣ֮Ľָ߰£Ҷƹ𼶱ػɹսλټꡣ


1377 
ҶүҪթҡңҲøһĽڰɣҵ֮УŸ˼ӳػ
˵ƾ㣬Եλ񽫣ȷǿǿĸ֣Ҫҵ꣬ҲԲܣǴӪ˧ڣոټһš
ŵı£ȴһĪĻ֣̿ȻҶѹܡ
ǣҶʱȴһֱܵķͷĿ־壬ǵҶĿ⿴ʱȻһֵֻ̿ĸо
ָоĶͷϴѲϴǧţҲġ
ԣҶȴ΢΢һЦţҲãǾԣ
˵䣬Ҷ΢΢һͬʱλټޱȵĲҽУ¶顣
ĸӦ鸮ڵػãĪʹ࣬ȴ֪ʲô
٣ľʹʧȥ˼
ǲҽǴӪ˧ڣξƜW˧֣ʱ˵ɫʱͱòҰޱȡ
ҶԣѾ֪ǰλټ࣬ѾλҶүڻ֮طֻ꣬ټ಻ţųγΣλټʵ
һжܿԽܣǣܵ飬ȴһԹۣͷһ㣬һֲõԤС
˧ʱظ磬ԣλټеٲңҲǴȥġ
Ҷӣ˧ϣ΢ټ˾Ϻһ㹭Ӷͨ졣
ǲҳ̶ȣֱ޷ݣټҶү£һʧ
Ҷ潫ǣе֮ͣոջһټʹ޺
ҡˣˣ
Ҷүˣˣ֣ͣʵܲˣˣѾΪҶүĿˡ
˵仰ʱټ˾̱ڵأڴڵĴղŷĵϣʱˮУǿ־塣
ŵеѡ֮꣬ԸڶΡ
ˣҶЦ
ҶЦݣټȴħЦһ־壬һµҶȥСˣˣ
һˮҶȵ
ټնˮҶŻڣټ࣬˵ڣƿҵУҪԻ
ҪŪ㣬;Բôֽš
һ£ӦҪǽ㱻սϢųȥѲǱߣôԸ㣿
һ£Ҷֵ˵ǰΪ˻õѲϴǧŵΣҲȫ˹һһŮȫѲڵ
Ҷ治ãһλټֶʼˣΪѲϴǧŵţ̫ͽ³ˡ
ɲô򵥣ϣµ̫ˡ
룬ټǴˣӦô
Ҷ˵꣬ټѾͷصϷģ֪ôӦüصѲţĿͨ籨ţ
µѾټΨһѡˡ
ҶߣʱأֻҪųѵϢѲǱߣԥĶļ֡
ֻҶ棬ԹԵҶ棬Ѳڼ飬лĿܡ
ȻǴˣҶ̾˴ĴָѲ˾ڻļһһɶ˾
ϣֻһ£ܹӦټذݵ

ϣѲǱߵõβףڴ̽鱨ʱܹıȫԼһЩҪ鱨¿ȫңҪй¶˵
Ҷ˵ͷӦ֮飡¹ش鱨һҪϻرű¶ݵΣգļˣ浽Ǹʱһᰲ˾ǳģ
лϿ
ټߵ飬ǽˣҶ۾һУһԿ˺һϷĿξƜW˧֣ʱˡ
λټĿǰߵƼϸλȫ֪ˣλôʾҶʵ
ƜW֣ʱ˵ʱͱɷޱȣ׽޴룬ּţֻܷͨ
˺ܣ
ȻֻҪɵӣΪˣǲԸģھΪҶܣʱȴЩġ
ƿξ㲻ΪȸѲŽӴͼܿң޷ƱȨͶңҾͻɣ
ǴִƱģҲİѲǱߣǽͷݣӾҪһΣ
λ˧ھǻ뿪鷳Ǽԭְȴģ˵ӦôҶֵ̯
˧֣ʱԥξƜWȴһᣬһҧ͹ҶǰҶλĩԸ⽻꣬ҶүΪϣ
ξƜWҲаⳡ棬Ѿˣǲ챾Դ걻ҶսĻ뿪˧ˡ
ξƜWĽ챾ԴҶսô˧֣ʱʲôѡ
Ȼ㲻ԸʱҲֻܹԹԵķſ꣬Ҷǵꡣ
ΨһİοǣºҶǵİҷѲƣҲһο
ʯ˵ÿһٿƷ鵤㹻ʱˡ
ƿξȥ֮ǰټȫ֮ҶͻȻ
Ҷ浱誵棬ƜWʮս꣬λټĲ١
٣ҶϣΪİΣǣ㿿ס
Ҷˣλټ̸һʱλټϢ뿪ǴӪ
תѲ֮ټཫΪҶֵµһ֧
ڻ᲻ᱻɣͱһ˵ǣѲĵλҲײᱻɡ
֮󣬱żԻ˧֮УҶҲż飬Ѳ˾һЩ֤żǰһڣżͱŵĻ⡣
˿һĹԱƨɵ£ûɾģģѲ˾ֶΣƨɵҵʺҲʲô¡
ڿżǰģֻ·߱Ҷơ
ѡ⣬κһ˶ԣʲô¡
Ҷ潫ΰ˱ڣαرݣǿصĸ٣Э
ˣﱱһ죬ҶǽľȨһץˡ
ȻҲȫˡ
磬Ŀһ߾ÿ֮䣬ξƜWһͳ˧׾һһʮһࡣ
ĿǰԣƿҶеĴֻеһˣڸפ
շ˱ͳ˧ƜWЩ˧ѹͲ⡣
ļڣҶݳ˷ۣſξ˻ɱӪأһ׵ֶΣǽ⣬ѵʯȥҶ
Ȼ󣬾ͺˣƸþľ˧ͻ֮£Ҷսꡣ
Ψһ鷳ģǸפزͬʱⱾ⡣
ǣҶ潫ʣµľ˧շ֮ʱѲŵľ͵ˡ


1378 
Ÿ·Ѳʹ֮ڵִѲ˾ѲűǲڲߣԾ۴
ʱҶյѲŵľʺҿǶԸ·Ѳʹһͬ´ľҶ֪ڶ·Ѳʹ´ľ
ʱޣֱҶˡ
ѲڵݳǣһϹŲ󣬵ҶıڵݣûϹŲҶҪȥѲڵݣֻܽͨݻߺԭϹŲ
Ҷǰͨݳǻߺԭݳǣ£Ҫ嵽ʱ䡣
ʱޣͽҶˣ£Ҷӵ֮󣬱ϳ
˧۵Ҷ棬ȴǲ
ҶףݾʵѲϴǧŵĺɱС
һҶ浽Ѳĵ̣ǿɾͲ˵ˣǴԲˣνΣ֡
ݾӦȴеġ
ǲӦѲǱߣʰҶ棬ֱӵɴʰ֡
ʱ򣬾ֵأҶҲռס
ҶҲû׼
ڽµڶ·ѲʹְʱҶ뵽ֿܣ˼Ӧ֮
ǰշѲټ誣ǶѲŵʵһ˽⡣
ԣӵ֮ҶҲûż谴г̣߾ľ˧ƿ֮󣬲Żת˱ǡ
ǱߣҶĿǰ̫ı仯ӵʵ棬һǾеʿʵǲˡ
ҶֻξƜWץѵʿѵǿǰĻǰһ٣ڵһһ١
ͬʱҲżºʣ֧ѵ
ֻҪʿĲȥˣؼʱ̣ҶҪ֧ӱǿʵֻǾ֮Ͷ
ҶͷʹģʵǱ棬˿ڡ
˾ڸǱ߸Ҷ潻ϣڲủپʮ򻧣˿һǧʮˡ
ǣڿżʵڲĻһʮ໧˿ڰ˰ʮǧˣֻϵİ˳ɡ
Ҫ֪һԲʮһҪǷܱߣһһأйǧ˿ڡ
ڴܣû˿ڣ޷չҶֻԽԽãԽԽЩɲҶԸ⿴ġ
ɱĿǰ״̬ԭʵ棬һˮԱˮʱʱϰ°Ӱա
ħš
Ϊħ߽ԭ򣬳һЩ󵨵ħ°˿ڣΪħǱߣūޱҪĲƸѪʳ˵ħ塣
⵼ħؽĳ꿤ء
פУǼܲסЩǿħһ͵͵Ǳʤ
뱱tְ˿ڣĿǰֻбһ룬ȫڿر֮
ҲǴڱ߿ƽʵϸǨƹƣҪȻߵıܹˡ
ˣһЩı񣬻͵͵ﵽɽԱܿˮħб
ҲʵڲȽٵԭ
ûǱߵĿͷϳۣѹ֮٣˿ڴʧ
ЩǶʱܹıģңҲҶóģֻ˼Ȼȫżȥ죬ͬʱƜWϡ
ѵܱ߻£żܹøⲻգҲѵõ˲š
ǰкõȴΪξƜWǱ߳Ϻȹƻڣȴûⷽԭˡ
ӵĵ죬ҶֻѲ񽫷İаӢѲԣֱѲڵǲ
һΣҶ·ߺܼ򵥣ֱͨݣȻֱתϹŲڰȫ˧ۣҶҲ̫ġ
һѲҶ˹ģȻ£ôɱ˽ֶΣǲҲˡ
ҶѾΣ˽ֶΣѲŵЩԱҪ˯žˡ
ҶֵµѲ񽫻ʮӢѲԣɲǳصġ
ӵĵ磬ҶִѲڵݳǡ
𱱺ݼֱ˽ٱˮģò֣һɷپ
Ҷڵִ֮ǰʱֵɫɫĶԱҶ浹θڡ
ݲѲŵĴӪҶƣյݳǣѲžӦ֪Ϣˡ
ʱ֮Ҷִ˿ȥغܵ͵ѲŴ˽ӵľǰ
ҶԤֹ֮Ҷûг֣ܿ죬ҶãҶԱѲ񽫷İȴܽȥ
Ҷмƽϣֱ̤ЩɭѲ˾ѲŴá
УѲŵ٣˾һ٣Ѿ࣬ټҲУȴûκα顣
õģѲϴǧĸ٣ҲѲ³ؾɽҶִһڵӣƤӶû̧һ¡
ҶҲǲƽȵڣֵµڶѲʹ¡
󵨣´ϣΰݣ
Ҷ˵꣬ſڵһһŭ߳һţҶϥǡ
Ҷ濴Ҳû΢΢һҲܣƾһžҶϥǴ
꣡
Ĺͷѵӱ󹥻ҶʱͲҽ
Ϊֻͨ񾳰أһ̤Ҷĺ֮ϣҶ֮£ҽžͳ˷顣
Ҷ屾ܵķȴһ㣬еʮѲ٣ͬʱ


1379 Ѳ
һɲǼ䣬ڳʮλѲŵ٣ټڣʩչĹֶκҶ档
Ҫ֪ǰʮλѲŵ٣Ϊ͵ģͨ񾳾۷壬ֻһˡ
ˣȫΪڸڵߣңܹѲٵߣ֮⣬ΪսҲԲǰμġ
ǰʮλѲŵȫҶ棬ǾֻһĿġɵҶ棡
˲Ϣ䣬ҶͷӦ˹
ѲŵЩһߣеĻҪͣеĻҪ޳ܣΪ˸ɵ
ңԤıģ
Ҷƣδ֮ǰѲžͼˡ
ȻǰѾѹҶ沢û̫ӣɽѲŵ޳ܡ
ֻҪɵҶ棬ԭǻʤдġ
ʱ򣬱һҶ治Ϲ٣õȵȣ֤һץһѣ
ͨһɲǣҶʱʶѾһޱΣյĹؿڡ
ʱӦԣвأͿܻԸ֮ء
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷת
Щ˲Ĵ֮еľʱҶİ
ǱܵģյСɵɰĽƾʹҶ鸮гҶͷǣյСɿɰĽɢϢȴȫһ
̺׺ŰϢֵɲǣڰӵĴ³ؾɽҲ͵һ
ⲻǱģҶħؽõļϧ׻͵Ʒ׻ƣܹҶĿǰӵ¡
ͬʱҲҶһǰչ¶Ŀǰʵʵ
׻ƸҶͷɲǣҶͼһȦ̺ϸ׹ɫ档
һѲڵػʱͱǿֲĸ¸̻ۿɼģѲûػ󱣻һѲ³ؾɽǰӣƨµӣҲһ˲仯˻ҽ
⧲֮£ؾɽΪûд߶壬ĹٷͷҲһɲǻɻҽ
³ؾɽɲǣʮѲŵٵĹһɲǺҶ漤һȦ͵Ļ֮С
Էصħ壬޷οҶǶ׻ȫ߶ġ
һ֮⣬Ĺں봿ɵĻеɲǣֱ
ǹǿĺôҶΪȻֻ۷壬ҶȴԶͨߵ
һֳľľ׵Ŀֳָյռ׵³˵ڣƷǰֻһ;
ǰ뵶Ҳȵǧһ֮ʣҶƾǺ˺֮ϡ
Ϊǧһ֮ʣҶʲôıƣıĿǰı
ҪȻҶǿѲҲв˶ã
ͬһɲǣҶͷ׻͵һһ˳ȥ
ɲǼ䣬ҽ쳹
ֲҶѡһĿ࣬ʱͷһҽУ°ֱӱٻɻҡ
⻹ҶֵԭҪȻλ¼࣬ԻᱻҶ浱ɱ
ʵҶҲɱ䣬ʱͻɲݵľ棬ҶܲѲţ˵
ѲŵģɲǰЩи֣
ĲҽʱʮѲŵĹþޱȣҶеĴɵĻһȦ͸Ȼˡ
Ʒ𣡡
Щ˵ĹıˣҶĿǰٵΣŸոտʼѡ
ɢſֲϢѲ³ؾɽѾŭҶ棬ҪʲôɱϹ٣Ҫ췴𣿡
³ؾɽŭ󣬿֮£˲䴫Ѳš
ȵΣոжشҶͷһ
ҶףǴ³ؾɽڲˣѲʾҶС
ϣѲžҪȫɵҶ档
ֻҪɵҶ棬Ȼ󱩱һϮɱϹٵǽ
Ѳ³ؾɽƣȷʵǣҶҲ޴
Ϊ֮ǰҶͺҪҡڵ̤ѲţǸûʲô
ҶҪụ̂治Ѳţ
췴ҿҪ췴ѲŰɣʥּڴˣȻּ
𻤳֣Ҷ֮Уһ߲ʲƳɵʥּ͵رҶ߾ٶ
ʱʥּǬӳеغعŨޱȵ޿ɱĺϢʥּΪģ˷ɢ˹ѲĸΪ֮һݡ
ܵʥּӦ˵ױٵģҲαðġ
Ƴʥּ߲ʲȻϡȱҲŪ֣Ǭ̺Ŵܹˡ֮͵Ϣȴܹð䡣
ԣʥּһڳеߡԱͶףǰʥּģ
Ѳ³ؾɽһ˿ԥ־塣
ʥּͷɲǸǵġ
ΪѲϴǧŵĸΪϴҵĺĳԱؾɽڵϴҸܵ۹һʲôĹϵ
ŰĽϾ֧֣ϵ棬ȴǱάֵġ
ӵͳϵĵ۹ֻһܡ
Ǹ˺棬Ǿַ֧ǵĻȷ
һ˲䣬³ؾɽԥˡ
ҲһɲǣҶıٴ𣬡ʥּڴˣȻּǳʮıﲻɣ
ҶһǼ֮ȥģͷ·һһ㣬ֱӺڳ߶Уǵͷһ㣬͵شһ顣
Ѳ³ؾɽҲǴһ顣
һģӦ˹ȷǱģʥӵʥּĿǰΪֹû˸Υ
˵ΥǸӴʥӵʥּܶݲˣϴұҲס
׵ɲǣ³ؾɽ͵һ򣬳Ҷеĸ߾ٵʥּ
ųؾɽһѲŵĹԱ֡ҲȫҶеʥּ
ģûɵġ
ҪǣѲ³ؾɽϴҵģѲŵԱĿУʥӵʥּϵġ
ѲţǸڴܣǴʥµ
Ѳ³ؾɽһ㣬ġ
ôǰҪǸӴʥӵʥּǾ͸ûʲô
ûѲϴǧӣѲŵЩԱڵһʱ佫ıܣݽء
˲Ϣ䣬ҶٵЩǱѲž͹һأðޱȡ
ΧһۣҶͷ亹ˡ
ţһ߰
˷ΪʥּڵصѲųԱĿɢϢʵֲ̫Щ


1380 Ҫ
ҶɨһֵۣɢŽϢߣͳʮˣкڵߣϰˡ
⻹ҶĿ֮ԼԼӦġ
߲֮ЩɢǿϢ࣬Ҫֵһ֮ʣҶѹҷҪȻҶɢȥҲܸӦ
Ѳ³ؾɽأԶЩֵǿϢҲɿȥ
Ҷ棬ǰ󲻹ϢʱڣѲȺҶѲ񽫷İǰӢѲԣҲһ亹
Ѳһɲǣÿ˶оʮϵһϢǡ
ֻҪǸκ춯ЩϢʱͻᷢ
Ѳ񽫷İߵ쳣ֲϢһɲǣǻмǣһܵĶա
ʱЩǵϢͻȻʧİڵľˣǴ졣
ʵϣ֮ǰ֪ޱȣǣûѡ
ҶѾ꣬ƿǵ
ҶˣҲûɢ
ͬʱҶҲʥּ
ϳкġ硢ʥگԻѲڶ·ѲʹϺؽｨ֮ڣ֮ڡ
ʥӵʥּģΪĶ࣬󲿷ˣܹ׵ġ
˼ܼ򵥣ʥּ֮УͶѲһּڶѲʹǰȫϣɵڶ·ѲʹҶȫؽ飬ｨ֮ڡ
֮ڣҶڶ·ѲʹֻҪܺԸѲϵһӦ񼴿ɣ¹ع֮£ѲŲü
֮ڣҶѲڶ·Ѳʹؽڶ·ѲʹɣͬʱѲŸϣԼٵڶ·Ѳʹؽ
֮֮ڣҶĵڶ·ѲʹһֱصţѲûһָֻŵȨһһ̶ϸϡ
ʼ¡ҶıּҪûּҶҵǱ޵˼ˡ
ѲҶһֻ򣬻ܽȺصֻû㱣ֶΣǾȫ
ͬʱҶðôΣѲţҲΪһּ
ּǲܵѲŵڽּôּýȵļ١
ΪּӳãҶ滹δ뿪ʱͿʼˡ
˵Ҷظľµĵһ׮ҲҪһá
ѲϴǧϴǧŵҶƣóʥּҲϡ
ҶѹûóʥּĻᡣ
óˣϴǧҲкܶ෽Ҷʥּãһ㣬ϴǧŵѲԿ
ѲϴǧŲڣôѲڣʥּˣû
Ƚּ
ɽХУѲ³ؾɽһ˫ʥּ
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˵ţҶҲѲ³ؾɽޱȵ飬ͰʥּһһѲǰһһϸ
λҶֱӷٻ˰ڲҺߵ࣬ʱҶ޵ҲùԹԵĿʥּͷǡ
ʵʱҶѡλѲشҲԭġ
ĿǰѲټ誣Ҷˣ಻ȥûκλġ
౻شĿǰڻָûĹǲܵģϾµҪҲҶٳޡ
λְһճô誾˻ᡣ
ҶѾ誴ˣʣµģͿ誵ˡ
֮󣬵³ؾɽҶеּ֮󣬳ؾɽųȻ¶ּڣôҶѲʹȡսڶ·Ѳʹãù˱µĺҶѲʹŹϹ֮£֮ǰɵøѲһˡ
µ񣬳ؾɽҲֻ˵ˣӶˣǾŪһӻ
ԭǶԸҶ棬źüƻġ
Ҷ漤ŭҶȻûɵҶ棬ֻһƻ֮һҶһйؾصģҲһ޷ʳߵҶ档
Ҷ죬ŻûҲñ¡
ԣǵļƻУҶôǱġ
ΨûϵҶ澹Ȼôһּ
ҪǣȻҶ浱ʥֻּνּ
֮ӽ֮ڣǾ췴Ѳţ¾ϴǧҲ޷ڹκ¡
£ǷѲڲµ棬ǶˣʱҲֻܽҵӻ
ϣҶȴ΢΢һЦʳش£ѲΪδӱ͵Ϯң
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ȳؾɽ˵꣬ҶͽӾӡó˻Σƣоߣٲݣ²ݡ
³ؾɽһĿԵγˮȻһ硣
ҶȴǴȵһЦν֪߲ҲάشµȨӾͲټƽˣм£´˰æ
ؾɽЦһּ֮ڣüæǰﲻˣ
һڣؾɽͽеĿܶµġ
Ҷ浥ֽʥּУ΢΢һε´ˣʥּ˵ˣѲŸؽĵڶ·ѲʹˡϣĪǴ뿹ּɣ
ҶðôķգϴǧŪôһ֣ųɹѲŵڽּҪǽֻʥּĺôǾͲҶˡ
ѲƿǸտʼ
һּ֣³ؾɽƵֱѪҶģǾϵˣúܲˡ
˵Ѿּϣǿּ
ԣ³ؾɽƵѪҲֻεĴ˹ǻּôܣкҪ󣬾ᣬٵѲѲؽΪţȱܹǵڶ·ѲʹԮ޵ĺܡ
ش·ģҾԲҪ󣡡Ҷ˵
ؾɽʾҶ˵
ش£ԭڶ·Ѳʹ£Ѳ࣬̽ǧˣӰ̽ǧˣаڸİ׮صˣԼܾݵǧ£´ҪġҶ˵
Ҷһ³ؾɽɫʱͱЩȻ
Ҫ
˵ڶ·ѲʹѲԡ̽Ӱ̽ȫ𣬵ǵڶ·ѲʹϽ̵鱨̽Ѳ
Ҫԭ򣬾漰ײ̽ϵͳת
Щײ̽صֻߣֻ֪ЧҴܵ۹ģѲжͷ˾ѣֻҪҶ֣Ͷʹá
ֻҪҶ̵ܹʱڣƿصڶ·ѲʹѲļݣ̵ܹʱڶ·Ѳʹת
ԣһҶҪ󣬴³ؾɽæЩȫƿڹʵڶ·ѲʹУһѲţҲ޴֪
һڣؾɽͽҪ˸һɶ


1381 
Ѳ³ؾɽǷݵڶ·Ѳʹذ׮صݵֱƵȥĵڶ·Ѳʹϣֱһ޶֤
ҶһҲżһ㣬׼ҪѲ˳˳õǷҪԲܡ
ش£ȻҶĳѲ˾ʱ䲻ǣѲ˾ڲĹأһǱȽģ
Ѳ˾أ·Ѳʹڸطչİ׮صܾݵȣϽһݵɸѲ˾ӳַ֮浵ңݷչصԱı仯ÿ궼뽫ɾԱȥ浵
شô˵Ӧþǻ˾ְˣ˵ţҶĿ⿴˾λʹʹһ˼״
ҼǵãǰѲ·Ѳʹ¼صԱϽɵѲţ˾ԱѲ˾ŽѲŻ˾ʹȫңȫΪū
֣ųǰѲŻ˾·Ѳʹʮܾݵĵʧǡ·Ѳʹѳְܾݵ㳤ʱ޷硣
󣬱ѲŻ˾ʹλʹȫնңʹǱ̣ȫҷΪū
˵Ҷ濴ŵĻ˾ʹλʹɫѾò԰ޱȣָ
Ѳȴڶ·Ѳʹа׮صݵʧˣѲ˾ĹأôѲ˾£ǵü屻ն׳ңʹʹ壬Ҳпܣ
Ҷ滹ĵĿ˴³ؾɽôİӣʱ򣬿¾ܻ˾λ´ˣҲѲ˸ϵ
һ٣Ҷ涸ص˴Ҫٿɾ͵ϱѲ˾ţ
һѲ٣ɫޱȵĹ죬ʶĿѲ³ؾɽ
˾ʹʹǺ¡
ؾɽʱ飬һֻӬһѿ
Ҷ⼸仰һӾͰƵǡ
Ѳ˾ڹɭϣҪѲ˾Ĺذ죬ѲŻ˾ǵȫƽˣ˾Ҫȫɵ£Ҳܸˡ
ңҪǣΪ˶˾ͬţԻѲ¡
װȻһһԸԴ³ؾɽԳЦϷԣҲˡ
ûȷʵôһݴ浵˵ţ۾͵˻˾ʹȥѵڶ·ѲʹĴ浵ù
ųؾɽɿڣؾɽ飬ҲǱޱȵľɥڸҶĽ֮Уܰ
ҶȴûκҪŹ˾ʹ˼ſ첽ȥĻ˾ʹıӰȵʹɱݵĻĳһĳȥ֤ȱʧǻ˾٣һܲ˵ģ
˾ʹһսߵĸˡ
״³ؾɽٴΰ̾һйصڶ·ѲʹǷҪǱסˡ
Ҳû취飬Ѳ˾ڹɭϣѲţҲЩء
ûã˾ʹͽһʩط򣬵ڽҶ档
Ҷ滭Ѻ֮öַ⿪طҶһ
õǵڶ·ѲʹϽѲʮһݡһʮתˣ鱨ռְ̫©
ҲֻȨ֮ơ
ҶҪѲְ´ˣǣҶѲŴ̨ģҶУѲҲС
ֻҪѲǱԸ⣬ʱԸҶĴҶ鱨ϵͳ׵̱
һ㣬ҶмƻΪУȻʱڣؽһ鱨ϵͳ
ϵԱ֮ڻõģ֮նڻǲġ
ЩϸڣȫҶģڴѲ񽫷İ̽ţᴦúõġ
´ˣȻˣǵڶ·ѲʹӢȫûؽҪĽԴЩ´˲Ҷ˵
һ⻰ؾɽһӵô࣬磿
ûİ˰֣ѲߣҲޱȽŵģؽĽѲ֧Ųģ㻹Ѳ˾˾ĺã
ڶ·ѲʹľѣԸ㲦ȥģ
ҶεƲƲ죬ˣǵڶ·ѲʹľѣǷǱǵڶ·Ѳʹģ˿ûиκΰϰʥּϡ˵ţҶ˻еʥּ
³ؾɽͷƤըˣ֣Ҷ棬ǸţƤһ㣬ǳѲĻ
˰죬³ؾɽεȻˣѲ½ʳƷʯ飬Ʒʯʮ飬Ʒ鵤ǧţƷ鵤һٿţƷһǧףܿ˰ɣ
ԣԣ
һΣҶˬĵͷȴֻеʥּּڽھҪּģֱ˾˻бֱิּʱѲŵݡԮÿһʣ¶¼֮У
ԣؾɽٴˣȻ󣬾һ뱬ֿڵĳ嶯
ͳһʣֻһ˼ѣҪ¼֮УǾѲЦˡ
ʣԼʮ˶Բˣؽһ·ѲʹľѶԣֱǾţ֮һë
Ҫ͵ݡԮմŭпܡ

Ʒʯһǧ飬Ʒʯʮ飬Ʒʯһ飬Ʒ鵤һţƷ鵤һǧţƷ鵤һٿţƷǧףƷһǧףƷʮף˵ҩһƿţЩˣ
ٶ࣬ҲûˣҪֱ࣬࣡˵꣬³ؾɽͺ˦뿪ˡ
ҶȴϲЦտ
λʥּͶõ˽֮ǰ߰˱ԮҲǺˡ
ȻҶĿǰҶԣԮʲôǣ˵װԼĶǸоĺˬ
ʥּƤҶѲڲʣļ졣
ʱҶõѲ³ؾɽŵԮʡ
ڳϹŲر֮ǰҶٶ뿪ݳǣҲѲڵأҶɲҹҹ
ϹŲֱͨϹŲ󣬳֮Ҷٴó˧ۣһм۾űķ򼲷ɡ
ûзɰʱкһܼһҫ۵ĵߣеݺŰ˲ϢƯ
ˣ꼾ҪˣѹҹգҶ̾һÿ궼г꼾һ£죬ʮ¡
꣬Ҷ沢û⡣
ֻΪϣйע˧۵ķи߶Ƚĺܵ͡ҶȴһֱڼӿٶȣҶͷһֱһĪĲ
ҶҹҹбΧ֮󣬴ˮɺӣԵơ
ϡ٣ͨڵĳǳأ󶼽ڸߵأȴûʲôӰ졣
ˣ㿴سǣͻȻ䣬Ѳ񽫷İͻһָ
˳ŷİָ˹ȥҶͫһףͷĲˣ
֮һˣ


1382 ϴǧ֮ŭ
ܹ
ڳԷѲϴǧͻȻĪķƢ˵һŮСĽ˳ȥȻλѲ͵ˤ̣ǵȱŮ
ܹܹܣʵȴѲĴͷ٣鷿Сĵĺš
յѲŵļһϢ෴ԻٴѲϴǧŭǣȴֱرڵȴţѲϴǧ֮ͽȥ
ѲҲǵù
ϴұҲܺߣΪµ֧֣УⶼʮĹˣû塣
ƽһϴǰèһ壬Ĵ£ǳ˵ϻһ㣬һ㶼á
⾪ʮˣһûУÿ쾫ǣĲѲϴǧţͷʹޱȡ
Ϊ˾ѲϴǧССĲһ֣Ϊһ֣˽˰
ˣϧЩȴʣΪûﰡ
ֱֶָΣѹѲ˾óԻǵֶΣ֮£ѲЩʧĲƲһ嵥Է׷顣
Ƿ嵥֪һͲûѲϴǧѪ
˵ȫʮ֮һҲⲻ𰡡
ϴǧŵ˼Ϊ˾Ʋ֣óһֲƻŪ֡
ǿЩģѹвͨ
ϴǧŹһ£ܹʲټǧĻȫóҲʮ֮һ
ĻϴҲͳƲˡ
ӣǾֻһ̶һȥˣϸ°һģٲ֮
ƽأȥϴǧһҲµģڣϴǧȴĽޱȡ
֮УԵ˿ߣʼ¡Ʋ֧֣ƫƫ˿̣ʼ¡ѲŶһŶӽȥ
Ҫ˵ûϵš
޷֮⣬֪
ͻȻ䣬ϴǧĿһǸӰӣʱ򣬸ŵˣû

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꣡
ｨڣ֮ڣʥּҲܽ£
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꣬ʱ䣬ԿҶΪǵĸ󻼣ʥּôܽӣôܽӰ
߻ʥּαʥּ֮նҲܰô
ôͽأּ
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ŭ˻˼ѲϴǧŵͻرϺɫȻŭʧ
æȥһ࣬ѲϴǧûеѪ
ˣϢŭϢŭӣֻҪ˻ȥҶﲻ˼ģ
ð죬ѲϴǧŲŻӣ齥ƽˣǱߵļƻлظ
ʻãһʣپЩżûشˣȻʲôϢ
˵ϴǧųһһ㻵ϢñܲˣϴǧҲʶʲô
شˣǱ߾ͣйҶѲʹ飬ǲ֣ǡԼٴ
ԼϴǧŶЦ֪ԭ𣿡
˵Ǳ߷ˣٴ
壡
ߣҾ֪ͺסһŭߣѲϴǧŶһŭ¡
ܹϴҵĸۡͻ𶯣鷿ĳƽء
ûã¾ʹ˻ʹ֮Уʼ¡Цϡ

󻼣ֱˮħ
ѾҶεĲˣˮű٣Ҳˡ
Ҷǰ֮ĪĲΪǰڱˮԭ
ڱ֮Уˮ
ͨ£Щˮϰˮϲˮ½ΪѪʳҲ½ء
Ϊ½ȱˮ£ʵ󽵣״ͻüΣա
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һ꼾٣ǾͲһˣ£ÿһĵطһĺ󣬿½ϳ۳ʳ
ÿ꼾٣ǱˮϰŰ֮ʡ
һ㣬Ҷ˽һʱûֱʱѲ񽫷İָ͵
·һԲʮسǣǽ⣬ˮڽسΧˮйͨ
ģǱһˡ
ˣȥܶ࣬ʮˮİΧֻܹڳǿسǶѡ
ǣɨһȦҶͷЩΧǵʵͼ
ǰΧسǵʮˮֻΧżҲֻǵ𹥣һЩޱȵľ޴ˮħ֮ģŻһسǵʿѡ
Űģڱ򱱺ׯˮֶӡ
ãϣЩˮɿӵͨɢľۼ㣬ȥһɱ¾١
ϵͨͨˣѪʳŮܣЩܻˮ֮УǺܺõŮ
첻ˬˣһڳˣҲ
ӣͳͳ²
ħؽ磬ЩӣЩֻ꣬Ҫ˵ħؽϣҲһüǮ
ܵİҲ⣬ٶеǣڳȺӵˮǰֿܵá
ҲôİնԸˮѾһףоģ꼾ǰͶ㵽سǻ߲
Щõģ鷳ˡ
سǵĶ̶һ֮Ҷٿׯǧ˱ɱ
⻹ⷽԲĵؽ磬طҲٲˡ
Լµ¾Ҷʱͺˣ˧ۣŷİһֵĴ䡣
Щ˵ʵɵЩĴӵˮֶӣȻûκ⡣
ǣҶͣĴܸɵˮֶӣ
İûʲôõ⣿УŷԲڵķɢĽ֧ˮֶӣҶͷһС
ˮȳѪҺķİЦҿĵ޽⡣
ޣؾ޷һھۼļʮϰҪֻ꣬Ŀˮֶĳӡ
ÿˣ
ÿˣûһõĽ֮ҶĿ¡
ûУֻǰ꣬꼾ͻȻǰŵûмʱСİ
ѲɣǾĿұɱ°ӣҶ˫۵ɵѪѪġ
ѣǱа򣬼ȱңˮΧ֮УҲҪ䡭
ԣҶ涸Ц
ǵãߣҳ󣡡һҶͷ·һһ㣬˱ʮˮΧˮйͨسǡ
Ѳԣʱɵۣ


1383 ²Ϊ
Ҷһ˷·ɶ˻һ·ѹѹޱ޼ʵʮͷˮΧıɽسǣİڵľѲԣȫɵˡ
ˮƳ;޴ϣܹϰӵˮΪģͣǿˮ
Ϊ͵ԭ򣬴ˮɵԽɱС
񿪸ˮɵսʤʿˮɵսʤͨ񾳵ߣˮޱȳС
ѹˮЩͨˮҲܱ˵ս
·ʮˮУǿˮˮԼռĳɣʣµһˮУΪͨϵĴ
ʮˮͨ񾳵Ĵֻһ꣬Ҳһࡣ
Ӱ죬Щͨ񾳵ˮɵĶԸڵߡ
ΪҪǣѲԣǾӢѲԣóǵԵɱɱЩޱӴ󡢺ѷҪˮǰǵսֱ½
˵һͨ񾳵Ĵһǧ࣬Ҳ֮ء
ǣǵĶͷ˾Ҷ澹Ȼɵɵĳ˹ȥ
Ŀɿڴ֮࣬Ѳ񽫷İͻͷһʲôеѡ𣿡
군ˣȫҪ군ңѲ˾Ǳ֮
һɲǣѲ񽫷İ͵رһѲԽҶ棬·ޱ޼ʵˮ
һϣȫֿ׳ҡ
ҶȴûʱЩҶ棬ȻԵɵӣѪͷҲԲȥ
ͬʱҶһʮ˷ĳʱֱˮע⡣
ˮ֮УһֻŽɫףƮųͷͷһгǴʮˡ
ΧҲͷڹֻ꣬ƾųǷأҳײǴģ⻹ǵһΡ
˶Ľ׹һзһХɲǼ䣬ⱩγɵĻˮУɲǼͷǧ;޴㡣
ÿһĴϰÿֳǧס
ֻЩıѣЩ㽫ĺ£߿ʮ־ʮһ㣬˳ʮˡ
ʮַٵɲǣЩ츳ͬʱҲԭǧ׵ʮֵĳȣ˲Ϣ䱬ʮࡣ
ʱ춼Щ㴥֣ʮ㴥֣ʱܲһ·һľ
״ѲԱܵһ٣ͨͬʱ߶˵ͬʱһΣУɱܹЩ㴥ֽɵ޾
һɲǣոնյѲǣͬʱһΪεĴԳΡ
ǿǶҪ޾ǣǵĶͷ˾Ҷ治ܰ
ҶˣǶȥʲôأ
뷢һͷɶݵĶҶߣ׼ƴҶƿһѪ·Ѳ񽫷İٶ죬һͳ嵽Ҷǰָ΢΢ţͨطɱС
ǣİ죬ҶĹȴǸ졣
ֳ׻ƣһһɵĻɳתһȦҶ޾ͱٳһ׷ԲĴ󶴣ֱٻٵ㣬Ĳҽ
ǰЩΪֻͨ񾳳ڵȫ
ϣ
Ҷ浭ޱȵһе׻ƹ⻪ر˲ҰɫҶָɡ
ʱһɭɫľ޴ʹ֮ˮ׹¡
󲿷ֵĻ棬ˮˣˮҲܽһǣ豩꽽ɭɫĻ棬˿ˮҲȼ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ͵ɭɫĸ׻𣬸׻ˮЩˮóˮϵѹ޷ѹơ
䵽֮󣬵ʱȼ˴ƬƬİɫ𺣣ɸ׻ɵİɫ𺣣ˮЩˮ޴涼ŷʺ֬׻֮£ʱͳõȼ
ÿһͷˮˣƾͻ׳
ʱɽسǱͷˮʱΪһƬ𺣶˻֮С
ǰҶЩ;޴㣬ֻҪһմ⸽׻⸽׻ͻ֬Ϊȼϣٵ׳
˦ѣ𲻵֮
ЩˮҲܹ֮ϰӣѿЩԪ˵ģʶҲǼΪˣͱ
Ǹ׻𣬺ųƸ֮ĸ׻𣬵ȥõİ취֫Żˣʱȥ֫壬ܻ
ϰˮ˻
ǵĳǺõģȴ͹⸽׻ЩˮɵĿ־塣
ˮͼָһˮ׻𣬸Ǿ֡
̶̼ϢĹ򣬾ʮùˮΪҺȫմȾһָ׻ճɻҡ
ʱЩˮıѣֶΣһѾմȾ˸׻֫塣
֮£ȴǵͼΪ޴һ֫ԱʱڲһѪꡣ
ԭĳֻҪϵԼֻ֣֮£ȴ˳ƵĽһֻϺ˸׻֮С
еˮ֫壬Դġ
ˮҲǱƢһʱ֡
ʱͿһڲս
ֻ״̬£ɽسǵıߵˮȫ˻֮С
Ҷ΢΢һ󷽸һѲԸϵ֮󣬲̵˵Ҷĳ£бУûаգҶô׳ʮˮ
һΣ֪߲֣һΣҶĳ֮£иԥߣģҶϺȵ
һɲǣһĻĿɿڴԷİΪ׵ѲԣҶ·ͥŲһ㣬һ㣬Խ߻ޱȵˮӪ׾ٵĽ˴ǰΧˮйͨɽسǡ
λϣеģҪĶ࣡׻𣬾ͲѰܹӵеġ
ݵɫʮˮӪ֮ţ
ηֳݵĿУһѲԷɿĸҶӽس֮У


1384 ̫ӣ
ɽسǽڵؾŷ·ͥŲͻΧسǵҶ棬ԷĻ
ȻʮˮֻΧǣûйǣȴ޷ݵѹϵľ
ҶӢʽͻΧǣǿϣ
ǣЩʿͨջϣһٷߣͼĳ嵽Ҷǰŭ
죡
˸ʲô
ϴͷˣǶ֪𣿡
ǰ䣬ǳЩʿںģ󣬾ĭֱָҶıͻΧǣǲǾӢۣ
֪޴
һ˺ܴ򼸿Ŷ
֪֪᳹׵ļŭΧǵˮԭЩˮֻΧôһ㣬ͻѪȱһãسǶᱻѪϴ
ָűӵĺýѲŭˣҶֹݡ
һ֮񣬽֪سЩɽصİգʲô㣿ҶĿƵ׷ʵ
һҶĿЩɻնĵ־£ֻܾܶı°գҲȡᡭ
үˣôˣ
ĩӭӾ٣Ӿ˴ãոյõϢϹı˧лղŴҶ棬ʹΰȥ
λȴˣǰˣǱˣ
ϴҶյʱҶг̴Ҵңֻȥ˾ӪһˣûнӼطԱϲҶ棬Ҳ
ɣлΧǵˮ֪٣Ҷʵ
ؾүΧǵˮͳڽڱһı£ϣÿʱЩˮͻŰһ
ʱǰ׼֮£ʧ٣꣬꼾ͻȻǰִּȺнٶޱȣû׼ų˽ľ棡˧л
ԣҶüͷһ壬ⱱˮһģҲܴܵ뷷ôҲ½ӣûйģ
лЦ֪Ȼ˴ܵ뷷⣬ЧҵĶȴǱ
ʵϣ뷷ЩֻҴܵһֶֻζѣЩˮûκԼڹģҴʥ׷ʥּǿЩá
õĹģܲʹﶼ˵һˮ·ˮͿƵһɶǰΪȶû˵Ľͻؿˡ
󣬽ҶһֵӾˣȻˣûдԮ
ԮҶҡҡͷҾʹЩҶָѲ˵
˧л뽹飬رޱȵѿ
лãܿҶ棬ѹҶҶκβλͲһˣֱ
ԮЩˮ֮󣬱ȻֱᷢԵĲĹ߾˧ѡͻΧܹͶٰ뿪٣
ӾˣԵĻƣˮһͨ߾˧ȡʱ䣡ɿ˲á
ˣȴûκжǰƴӵĸ߾˧ͷ·ѹûĻһ
߾˧һȻ
˵ʵڵģ⽹Ҳеȴ͹Ҷ
Ҷʱѹ£һָһѲȥͿס˽
߾˧жپҶֱ˵ʵ
شˣĿǰпս֮ǧһʮˣл
ûĸ汾Ӿ֮ˮҶﲻݡ
ܿ˵Ľ۾صɴ󣬾Ҷľ˧лҲһĴ㵣ȻǾԲܵġ
ЩأҶ׳˼öָ
ӹָɲǣ˧л۾͵ֱˣĿóޱȣޱȵԸΪЧȫ߳ˮ
һһֿþĸо
ʱĹЩװʿװҶȵ
ܿģɽسǾͷˡ
ǰķ󣬾ȻʼɽƵװˣһ·ģг׵ʽʽ
Щװ˵ģƾ󣬾ЩսЩ׵ʽʽʿ
ڰУ۲ųˮҶЩڣӦЩЩװȥġ
ˮеĻҪһӳͷĹ򣬱ĸ׻ͱǸˡ
űˮˣλͷˮͷ죬ɽسϿյҶ棬ŭ
࣬㼤ŭˮˣ̫ӵǣֻɢ񣬵ǣô£ڣˮˣҪѪϴɽǣѪϴ
ҶĿͻһ̫ӣ
Щˮӣָӵģ
ĿʶĿķİ˧л
İҡҡͷ˧лȴɻĩĴԣ˵Ǵǰ̫ӣΣĩȴǲ֪
Ҷת˲Ϣ뵽һԽĿǰʧСǽĿǰˮķ
һʱͳͷˮĹ˹ָҪѪϴͿ죬Ѫϴӣһӣ
Ҷʱһ㴫սʱͷˮŭޱȵ´˽
ɱѪϴɽأ


1385 ܽ
ͷˮһ˻𣬽ɽسΧסʮˮͬʱˡ
ʮˮԵ壬ʼɽسǷٵĽӽ
ԭЩˮΪ˱ⱻسǹ£ֻؾĻ󸲸֮ǰһֱʮ⻷Χפ
ؾĻֻ̣ǳͷϵͺ̣ȴߴʮࡣ
ò˵ͷˮҲзһȫֵָµˮм־ӵģġ
磬ʱǰߵģǾɹǡзһƵķǿˮЩ׺ӴˮУܹԶ̹ˮӺ
Ҳǵз
ӽسǳǽʱЩܹԶ̹ˮԶԶָĳˮˮڣɫˮˮڣЩɫˮˮȫ̺ž綾
йɽسǵĳǷϣóǷػ⻪ҵ˸
ò˵ߵľȻôǳǷȴһҲǱ󸹳ǿǵĳǷһҲѷɫ
ǣݲסЩˮˮڵˮడԶ̹ˮͬʱЩž綾ˮںڳǷػĻϣ̵졣
ˣǷٳ䣡ҶԵĵ˧л
Ҷȴûκ˼
ǼһǵصˮԶ̹ٴйһΣǷع⻪ҵĲ£⻪һ
һʱ䣬ҲЩسǳǽľﵽڡ
Ҷޱվţ˧лȴǼˣˣ
׼
Ҷһл͵ش˼ơ
Щȴι״ˮسﶼʱЩԶ̹ˮ䣬ٴǵص
䣡
ҲһɲǣҶһ֣Ķĸл͵
ݣ
ܷ󷢳˷ŭޱȵʮ֧ʸͷ·һй˶ˮ
ͷˮ˶۾͵һɲǼ䣬ˮȺо˲ҽ
Щ;޴ˮֱǻӣÿһʸܹĿꡣ
˵ǣЩʸںЩˮ֮󣬸˾ӳֵ䷨ı
ָĶء䡢ըãȫ汬
һֻһˮֻʵ½ܴᣬЩ֧ϵķʸˮǵǿҲˡ
һ֮£ˮɱģǧⳡ棬ˮþʧ
ߣߣն
ͷˮ´һɱڵľֱ壡ӳ壡
ľеװҪʱ䣬յҳسǣǣ֮˭˭ģ
һ£ոӵʮˮʱ໽е۾úͨͨģһеĳسǡ
Ҳͬʱݵƿʱ
ѹѹļٴθǶһΣˮй֮£ɱ󣬵ɱˮ
ʵµķûôǿģڶ;޴ˮԡ
ǣҶЩڵڵʸȫǸʸ
Щʸͨ鱬ħʸ
һĻʱͷˮˣʱȴԥʱͷˮ߶һĺ
壡
سǣǵľеûˣ
һسߣˮΪˮ
Ӧλˮʿݵķ
ʸʽϻȻЩ鷳װҲһʱ䣬ԭЩʵǿˮԣһʱ䣬ˡ
ǣҶ氲µȴɹĲʱ
࿤ֳˮγѹơ
Ҷ濴ǲܹ׵γ޼϶ĸ
ϧǣָܹӵʿ̫ˡ
ˣʮﳤĳǽƽÿһǧˣҲİ׾վǧʿǷֳÿһˣ̫ˡ
Щ໽еˮȴһַĸˣߵǰߵȴ·ߣαޱȵĻҡ
ǽϵʿųļϻ£ǸһոЩˮ
ԶһĪͷˮȴǼˡ
ǰЩˮİס
Ǳˮ壬ɲԱһ㣬Ȼ뷷⣬ߣֻҪе۹ʵҲԹһ
ˮ岻һ˷ŻˮһЩˮʵЩһͻ˺ķ飬ˮ֮λ
һʵ½̫µˮҲˮ֮λ
ԣʱˮ˲أͼˡ
Щˮĳ׻ңǰ˵˲󷽲Ļǰ壬ҳһš
ڡˡۣҺ
ǰĿȻװľеܲҲܼɵҪһ³ˣֻµˮӵĻҡ
ǳؾβ׷ɱǰʮˮҪһϡ
νӽˮҲҪͷˡ
һˣͷˮһŭۼ׶رýɣȴǧˮسǡ
Ψһѡ
ҪıĿǰľ棬ֻгسǣ
ֻҪسǣЩؾĸͻᱻҡ
ʱµˮس֮УһսЩؾûκεơ
ٵȡʤ
ʱ򣬲˵ģɻľеֲܹεʧһʡ
ųͷˮҶǸһ˿Ц㲻
ɱ
ɱ
ŭУͷˮ͵һ޴ޱȵ棬سǵػĻ
ҶѲ񽫷İһҪȥǱ棬Ҷȴֹˡ
ڷİɻĿУǱ޴ݺݵĺػĻϡ
ػĻҵĲͬʱͷˮǧͨ񾳵ľ񣬷׷׷Զ̹
¡¡УɽسǵĳǷػĻ˲øȻ顣
ƿڴϰʿɱ
ҶʱѾޱȣ·ֳΪ˵Ǹͳ˧һ㡣
ΪսĿ꣬ǣ޷ġ
ػĻѵͬʱЩҺͲҽеˮͬʱ
ͷˮǿһǷƣǣǣ˭˭
ǧˣɣҶ˰֣
һɲǣһȺֳ鱬ħʿͻ̤ϳǽھ˧лָ£ͷˮ۶˰
·һ鱬ħʸʱͷˮˡ
ʱͱþޱȣ鱬ħ󣬻ô࣬ģפģѵǴܽ𣿡
һɲǣͷˮǧ񣬾ͱ鱬ħ󱬿Ļ⳹׸ǡ
ҶȴĻ˻֣İȥȥŪһЩڹ


1386 ƲеĹŹ
֧鱬ħ󸲸Ǻ֮£ͷˮǧͨ񾳵ľ񣬷ˡ
ʮˮǵˮĻУʱͱˣ־ɢһɶ
׷ɢӣżôһλˮֹһƣǣ鱬ħĺȴ󲿷ˮƵˣ˵Ǻ߳оնɱá
˧л¶ԾԾ֮ɫˣ
Ҷ׸л˼˼һµһسǲɢսӣӪΪλɢ׷ɱ׷ÿЯһټ鱬ħ
ˮʱˣ
ĩ
˧˻˷ܵ´˾ҶȴǿļϢ
Ϣ֮ɢȥİһʱ˽ȥ
Ϣ֮󣬷İһ峤׵Ļۼ׵ƽ˹
ˣˮţֻأ˹ȥ
Ҷǰֻƽ㣬Ӧþ֮ǰλͷˮıˣʱ鱬ħĺ֮£Ľһ룬ѪģģȥǳĲҡ
ǿ󣬱ˮƼңҶұ֤òһĹһƾͻָһ롣
ʮĹһƾͻḴԭ
ȻҶ·ʸйء
鱬ħǿ󣬱ҶܵͼҶ淢ʿ鱬ħʸͨ鱬ħʸЩ˾ӳֵͨ鱬ħʸʸҶ沢ûжá
ҪȻǰλΪصˮҶʣˡ
ˮ׷ǿԭ
ѽ켶Ļڣȫ͹Ҫѻ꣡Ҷʱûжˮ˼
ǡ
İոӦһ͵һ䣬ŵĿ⣬رޱȵľ裬ͬʱˣ
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ˣϣйŹ֣İһĻҶǰ
ˣûзЩɱˮ꣬ȻȫӶһ㿴ǴƲ㣡
ңЩˮ꣬ڷǸʱںʲôֲĴڣ
˵ţѲ񽫷İӳ˳飬ˣԼԼӦһ˿ħϢĳλħ塣
ңʮﲻ룬Ȼ¸ӦصĴڣпǽһԼΣİۼļλѲԵ飬ޱȵĽš
ˣԡ
Ѳ񽫷İޱȵ飬ҶȴһЦĳ嶯
ǿסЦ⣬ҶһĵȻпǽĴڣΪУǣޣǲҪ֦ĺã
ǴˣΣǸصĴڣڼˣƺռɱꡣİԥ
ռռȲҪҪĵˣˮ뱱ӵˮҶȵ
Ҷ淢𣬷İʱ
İֵе쳣ǱˣҶħ˧սոտʼҶһڻħ˧ݳСèޱħ˧ߴսѪűɱˮꡣ
ĹսѪھ˴꣬սѪϢһأҶƣ̶ֳȵţսѪƷף»ָƷĳ̶ˡ
쳣ҶģҶȻ÷İġ
ʵҲѲʹҶ棬ҪȻҶҲĿŵ꣬׳սѪ졣
֮ѲЩʿҶİˮϰ٣ˮҲ
ҶǽЩˮĿĿѺھӪڴͼڡ
һ͵ľ磬ҶһѲԾЩ²
ҶƵģλˮԣֱӶǣȡһ꣬ս鸮֮С
ʱһٶ²֮Уѻѻ̱꣬ƹıƹ
ܿģҶ͵õҪĶ
̫ӣˮ֮Уʲô¡
ñͼѣΪǿ壬Ӽѡ
ʮӣΪ£Ķ½䣬˵ǧһսУǱ˳ѣŮȫɱ
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˵뷷һ£Ͳò˵һ´ܶߡ
ʵϣִܶеһֱѪߣǶħ廹Լħս
ΨжԺĴ½ĴǸ⡣
˵ĴĴ½½Ҫң󺣵½ضԣֱٱ
ǰΪˮģ򣬵ÿһΣꪳɳ޹
û취ڴ֮УܵľʿǰɵʵοҪˮǱ廹Ҫ
ʧ֮󣬴Ҳʶһ㣬ת˶Ըˮߣ԰Ϊ
Ҳֵ˳ˮۣⷬ⡣
ȻܰˣǴܵ·ӣǺͷʹġ
ĳռ˾ڱͶһѶñˮ֮࣬أ񻹴ڲ١
־綾ãǿֲܴȵϡͶԣһΣˡ
˴ܵ뷷⣬ˣǣû꣬ˮִٴγ֡
һĬ
Ͼ̫ˣˮ岢һطʱˮˮϰӣҲûܣҲܣˡ
ȴдܵĵߡ
һǹдĵ̴ʧ٣ؾ
ǹģˡ
ЩˮһЩ׮򣬴ܲпرƣܱض׷ᡣ
ϾһЩøɵ⡣
ŭ֮£ôܾӳ֣Ὣְ
ö֮ͳ˸ˮϰӵ
ӿԣҲԣܸصĹٱǾԲƳǣԲܹ뿤θȵȡ
ҲǴǰˮΧԭ֮һ
Ǳ뷷֮󣬺󹬸ǣûá
Ŭǧ꣬ųôһŶ磬ȻǱòˡ
ⲻȥ֮ʣոճĶ磬ͱȲķΪ̫ӡ
Ķûݵġ
ܷΪ̫ûãڱ˰ͳ˷ˡ
һεĳɹģĽӣ֯ߣλ̫ӡ
ң꼾ǰҲλ̫ӵĹ͡
˵λ̫˳绽꣬ĿģƶһЩŮոսɵĺ󹬣


1387 Ψһϣ
үǷɢ׷ʮһӪУξֱսս룡ɽسǣ˧лһݸҶ档
Ҷ˵ȴӶûӡ
ʵֱ׷ʱҶ֪սˡ
Ϊˮ޷ԭ
ѪߣԾԣ֮缫ŨʢȻװһ㣬Ǿޱȵ
£Щˮڶ࣬ǸܿԾʤҲ˲ء
ѶԸģЩɢӵˮ
ˮ࣬ҸսǿЩɢˮܾʧȥ˼Ⱥơ
˵ĵطɽһأĿǰֵǧֻϵˮֶӣͳʮֻ֧ҵˮֶӣн֧
ЩֻǼʮֻˮɵĽӷֶӣĿǧ
ǣҶɳȥʿ飬ȴֻʮһӪÿӪǧ˶ѡ
ȻҶҲԼֱҵĲΪС׷λ
ǣĿ˵ˮҵ׷λֱӻΪˮ
ңоٶٶϣйһı꣬ôܾж߸֪裬ˮȴˮ
һһˮƸ
еѡҶԸЩˮһҶһս
ʤ࣬Ҳʲô¡
ǣȴһˮһսˮƽˡ
һɢЩˮͻűӣֱͣЪŻȥ
ǱغĿأˮ
Ψһ𣬾䱸𱱺Ҫǿʮ
ѾߣԾȻպͱʵΪҪ񱱺񣬿ȫҶĲƲˣûκһԸ⿴ԸĲƸߡ
Ѳ񽫷İ󲽵ĸ˹һ۾˧лСĻ㱨ˣţǱߣĿǰûλ̫ӵ鱨
ţȷǣһεĽӣȷʵλ̫ڱָӣѾϰ
ȴ޴ӵ֪Ŀǰ׽ͷ֪λ̫
һŶ簡Ҫ汻ײ鵽٣ǲ˹ˣ
һҶͻغлִжŷɣ
ǣ

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ɲǣˮ·ܾһ㣬ɿı۾װԡ
ˮСĹ۲ܱߵҲԸ״
ɺأ׵ĻָҪʱ䣬ܣȴûκ⡣
ˮ֣ҲЩսʿ⣬ֻǶǵҪ̫
ԭӦôùǴļӳطƵȻԺ֮ùǵ·
ˮϲ֡
֣Щ⣬ֻûʱ䣬ȻûаĴָ
£Ļˡ
ˮҲмıԣ֪ˣûеһʱʱߣһֱȴŻʵĻᡣ
ĿǰˣʱϵԽãߵĿԾԽ
ңУУ²ƺ٣ö඼ţֵµĽ졣
֮˳ƾ߼Ļ
ʱţһжͬˮƻһ㣬һͬ²ļţҲ½ţָʾ£ȴŻᡣ
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˿걾Դ֮ʹޱȣƺԴˣⲻص㣬صǣԴУƺĳЩηĶ
һֱоɽسڵĳһķܿ־Ĵڡ
ˮļʶҲǲԼԼһֲõԤУģпǱ˶ֽš
ҪȻǱվǰҲַıܿ־塣
ǣӳ־ܡ
ǿսĹû˵
ָоȴеĴڡ
ˮܽţЩ־壬룬֮Ҹһ¡
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˵֤ʵһ㣬ôһȥҲԻ鷳Դ֮󣬿û˸
ˮʱһޱȷľ£ֻԼо֤ڶ֤
⽫Բʾ˵ܡ
˼Уһ˿ǰףˮƣҲָ˼֡
ҲڴʱˮһͱսʿΪʧҪʱͻͷģ
УֱӸУѾˮİ󸿣ŭʱӣʱ
ŭУˮѾʮֻˮҲٶȳ𣬸ˮһߡ
ˮжɲǣҹʿ־ӳһöɫķѶʾ
󲿷ʿʱڳ˯ֻгǽϵѲߵʿڵһʱ˷ӦܵľеķӶݵˮ˹ȥ
ʱߵļˮҽ
գˮˮųɹߡ
ӳˮȴûжϲá
ܸоӳɽسǣǸֲܿĴڣԽԽԶǣıֲܿȴû˿ļ
ˣΪζ϶ˮȥλ̫أǽϣʧеˮİ̵
ûѡ񣡡
ˮ֮УǿʳǱԣλˮŴŵλٷˮӡ
Ҫᵽˮ֮λͱɱλˮԾѪӡˮӡ˵ҶЦΪ뷷Щˮǰ𣿡
ƵֻǰβоѪӡһˮɱĶƣ
λˮ¾ʧˮ𳬹֮һû˴ֱѾΪڶǿˮеķ⣬˭ɵˮ֮λ
λ̫ӣΨһıϣͬʱһҲǶʱڳˮΨһϣ
˵䣬Ҷ˻ֵȻѾɹߣƻѾʼôҲҪˣ
Ҫģɲҵλ̫ӵ䣡


1388 ţɽ
챩֮УҶһ˻ת˱ǣɫࡣ
һĻֱӽξƜWż졢˸ŵİ
ƜWżˣҶһ˶ԻתΪҶߵˣǱõֱð亹
ΪҪҶˣû˿ʰǱҶս꣬ǵСҲͬʱ군
֪֮һ
Ѳ񽫷İ˲ΪҶˣǱҶȥִҪˡ
ЩˣĿǰҶĸЩҶҲûҪǡ
Ҷɷİ˸ľ;еȥˣͬʱȥģзԼڵ
ҶһεˮļƻܲܳɹҶµľӣչֻнЩˮʹˣˣһν֮ǰŻ᳤ԡ
ҶľеģҶ治˵Ҳû˸ʡ
Ϊǿ󣬸ԭ򣬲ûзˮΧ顣
ǣԵģϱ߶ʮһӵڣͬһ֧ˮĿԼڶʮ¡
֧ˮʱʱĴӺӵðҫһǲߣפڱǵŵĽġ
£֧ˮĿģͺˡ
ǣƣ
ΪǣסǵĿǲ뿪صıһǣڴ˵أ÷ˮƽӡ
ⲼãҲ
֮һνӵλ̫е㱾£λ̫ӵıиˡ
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˴ָһۣƜWоڲס𾪣үûκ⣬Ǻӵˮʵǣȫѣ
ң飬ʮˮ֮Увĸ֣ƽҲУ࣬ںӵսǡ
ٸܣʮܣҶֱ˵˵
ʮܣƜWһû뵽ֽҶﾹȻҲС
ǾûκˣүģʮһҪĸơ
ȥ׼ɣ֮ڣҪս
ص࿤ʼж׼Ҷһ׮ľͷһ㣬վڱǵĳͷϣű꣬˫ĿϸϸĸӦš
Ȼǣ걻սߣžԵĿƣ˵ǸŰǸһ磬ֻҪһܹɺ
ǣڷλӦϣԽԶӦȴԽģֻһϵķ
ҶʱڽĸӦˮļλĸˮλá
ΪһҶ潫У²ļʮˮȫս꣬ɹˮߵˮҲȫҶսꡣ
ǣҶԣûжģٷûκӰ졣
ԼһʱǰҶͻȻ䷢֣ˮڵǼˮͻȻ䲻ˡ
ţǻȴ̶ǸΧ
ֻ޵ļֿܣˮǵĿĵأҵλ̫ӣֻԭس˴죬ֻ߶ȵȡ
ͼ
Ҷһһʱĳųһʮ׷ΧĻʮž޴ͼ͵ݵҶǰһͼڵɽҶǰͶ
Ҷ˼ţͼϸ˼ţ֮ͼϻһȦţΧҪ̵ʱ֪һƬûкˮλ̫ӣû
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սĺܿ죬ˮսıҶеĻҪͻϮʬ֮󣬾ٶȳˡ
ƾٶȣ׷Щˮеˮġ
ԭۿá
Щˮͨ˴ˮһ꣬ҲˣξƜWֻĿˮˡ
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Ȼף룬ȫҶµľе֮ûЩеεҪϣˮȫԵҲпܡ
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ңð֮£ţ֣̫Ӱΰţɽ
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ţɽвٿˮӶһЩɲڿ
һţɽ֣żͱýæǰүһ֪ԭ򡣡
˵
˿ڣ
ţɽڸɽţɽڣȻƸӣḻʺ棬һֱǱ͸ǿūۼĵط
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Ǻ٣Ҳа֮ޣ
ҶҲż˵ֳһҲа֮ޣأ
ؾү࣬˵˿ڣҲпܣпܸߴǧ򣡡
ǧֱ֣ӽҶһǧ˿ڣôܣ
żЩΪҶı£ֻǶҶ˷ĵ׵η壬ֱ˵ˡ
үˮħУֻҪ㵽ɽ֮УϾܱܿ롣ţɽ׷ݵǧǰ
ǧ귱ټÿȥģۻСĿ
ûԡ
ôΪʲôչأ֯ǿǿҲֲɣҶʵ
£ǿξƜWˣүţɽθӣҪ뽫Щɽ֮иϳֱ졣
˹ΣֻҪɽһ꣬Ǿ޲ߡ
Ҷһ££ݺ飡ˮ֮¡
Ȼҳ⿤ˮĻ֮˵ڣҪԸǣǱ
ı̫࣬ܹҳԽõı˵ţҶͼһָ⴦ߴӪפжʮɣܲǰæ
Ҷ治ʻãһʣǿξƜWǿżֻ㡢죬ɫѿ


1389 Ŵ˧
ˣǰˮոϰ֮ʱ¾˳ֿءξױǰƽ˱߷Ӫ߷Ӫĳ¿ƽ˧ɱЭƽ
ͬʱ»֮עƽݣеġȵȣͳͳǱ֧ţǡ
˵ž;ҵ˼£ճµģȻʹ棬˺飬ȵ˽ŵ£
һְħͰʹˣ
Ҷ۾һУƜW߾´˧첻죬һ𣿡
ؾүΪͬΪһҲǣ̸죡ǰ´˧ͦ˵ģȥʮ֮УǹʮĴЭƽÿһζˣΪЩ̰ƜW

ҶĿ˸¿ƽһεķӦƺЩ
ţţҪ֪߾¿ƽϡ
Ҷ˵꣬Ҷͷͻز˼£Ѳ񽫷İѲԻعˡ
ˣòˣǳ¿ƽѲŹϵΪУܹ֮ƿƽ˱߷ӪǿѲṩ鱨ٻǨġµѲ񽫷İ˵
󣬷İֵˣ㽻µѾɣǱߵĿѾչ˷
һΪ˸˽˹ҰΣ˰ļһ𣿡
߼䣬ҶһдһЭƽ飬Ȼ󽻸Ӹ˱һӾѲ˾Ѳڶ·Ѳʹӡ
һˣݱӾ齻ǺηӦ׳

һİѲٴʧʧУҶȴЦߣһΣɱûᣡ
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֪ߣ˾񿤱֮⣬Ϊܣ׳ѵΣʱ̣ٿԳ׳سǡ
׳ΪУسǣȴûκ⣬˴˸ľе
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ҶƜW뿤żЩԾҲЩΪѣҶȻ֪Ϊѵʲô
Ŀǰ֧ǿƽסˣ˵ʮҪĸĺ;еˡ
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Ŀǰ˿ڻ£һ֮ڣҪĿ֮ﵽʮϣҶᶨ
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һ죿Ҷ˼һ£ͼϻһȦô֮ѾĴţɽӪȻҵ

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鸡еСèЩĵȡһӽ׽һ£ͱ۾ζɵı仯
СèʳѾһʱˣһСèÿֻܳϵҩ£˵Ҷ棬СèԼԸѾ췭ظı仯
ȣǶͷһƺɫƸӺˣԭɫĻ룬ȻĺɫצҲ˺ɫд򢵽βȻҲһϸϸޱߵĺɫߡ
֮⣬ı仯ǣһǰСè֣ϵһԶСȻʼ
ȲÿһѣС
ǣÿ춼Ǿͺֲܿˣ̶һµʱ䣬СèһԶСѾһ߳ڵĳࡣ
ңϵëҲʼ˱仯һشغɫëԭɫëϹһޱȵ·
ԭɫëСèֱȻˣڶ˲ٺɫëȴȱ˵Сèƾնһϡ
ǵģϣ
Ҷһ·˼ˮҶ֣ͱСèһۣͺֽŷա
Ҫ֪СèĿǰ۷ѡ
СèķٶȣǰһڵСèһкڵߣܹ׷ϡ
ͬʱһǰСèʼʱСèÿʹﵽÿʱ˿š
һ֮ڣÿʱſţһҪԵһš
ںĴ½һҪóȥܹĳһݾ˵޷ݵ
ڣСèһĿѡ
״ҶĲ٣СèٶԽԽ죬ôĿǰٶȣѹòʮ꣬Ҳʮ꣬Ҳ꣬СèѪͿԵõ׵
̫ʱ׻ʼڻҶ滹Ƿǳڴġ
СèĽ٣ȴҶС
Сû˯ĻСѪѾͻƽΪԶžĻ˰ɣ
˼ˣһҪ취ҵܹ䱾ԴǵСӳ˯૵ͬʱҶı˫ۣһ㣬ɢ˷
ձԪеˮ浽һ̬ĳ̶ȣˮıҲʿˮϵ֮ͨط󽵡
Ҷ棬ȴûκӰ죬棬дĿˮطʩչҶӦΧֱӱǰһࡣ
֮Ҷ̧ͷţɽǸ̫ӣǸ𣿡
һɲǣҶһʧˮĻ֮С
֮ˮݣ
ҲҶˮĻʱ򣬼ʮ֮ƽ˱߾Ӫ֮УŴµĺƽ˱߾ͳ˧¿ƽӹѲ񽫷İ˫ֵϵҶױš
ɨһۣƤû̧ͽǷӸ˱һӾӡѲ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹӡҶױǩţ˺ķ飬˳ӵ²ȣ
Ҷ棬ʲôҲָʹ˧
İˣæ˵˧Ҷ˵ˣ뿴ڱǧķϣЭк񱨡
ңһ˧Эսľȫ˧С
˧ְħ¿ƽ˹ǻ
İһ䣬ˣˣƽ˱߷ӪѲڶ·ѲʹѲ֮أˡ
İ˵⻰ãһ˵⻰¿ƽŭ죬в˧ʲôţ˧ҹȥ


1390 Ͻ
ţɽһռĹɽ֮Уٲˮȴѹֵİ֮
ϸ۲죬ͻ֣ᷢʯ֮УǱһ׳Ӷ࣬ͯŮҲв٣ˣȴ
һɨ²˵Ҳмʮ򣬶Զϵˮɽз²塣
ι״ˮѲ䣬ʱʱĽ²ţżôֻˮ˴󷢣һ˲߶ʮһ˺ڱиС
żһЩˮĵĳһ׳·Ҳǣֱ¶ǳɾѪʳ̳ȥһˮ޾ͽĲҽвѡ
̫ӵµȫˣɽѲʱǳ׳ûǣЩ²¹̫ӵµĴ£´ٷӻ㣡һĶС׵ˮжݳ
еҶĿľȻһɨĿɽĺ֮С
֮ĸӦˮλã·ļĺ֮С
ңҶĸӦУ·ļĺУٵǿޱȵϢ͸һϢȻĺ
壡
ֻ壬ҶĺɵĺӦ
壬ֻһˡ̫Ӱΰ
еˮԲΪ֪Ĺ켣һ£ҶѾ·ļĺ
һȴʧݻʱˮںײˮĻˮ֣ʾˮػ󷨵Ĳס
ػ󷨣ˣҲǵԾͨͨҶԣˮ˳ĵط͸ûʲô
ˮڣŴССˮʮˮҲС
һɫŷͷһ˫ɫǵ꣬ΪĿ
˵˾Ǳˮ̫Ӱˡ
ʱλ̫Ӱƺһ¡
£ǣƱˮˮرֳܵ־еĴ˲أںӵǣƱǵʮˮҲ
£ǲǿսпˮԵĴܽ
ϳһεĽӣǿֳˡһΰСˮԵ
ܽܣ;޴󵫺ʮֱˮЫԷԣϹŲ󣬴ܽҲ죡
ˮϮǰʱ˰ɣңˮԣǱӾҶ洳֮д˱䣡㣬Ӧṩ˾еѣ
ߣֻҪǴܽϮкξ壡ֻҪԸ⣬ʱԷǧǼǧˮ塣
һֱδڵ̫Ӱͻʵˮˣ
̫ӵ£Ĵ½أˮĿǰĽȣٻҪ죬ܿһܹһͨе׿ˮһˮ
죿
̫һεı꣬໹ܳ嵽죬ԣ֮ڣͨһͨһصˮպˮܲıǿɾȥ硣
ʱ򣬱̫Ӿţɽ֮Уһ½йȻ븸ס죬Ҳø֪ҵı£
ڴеҶ͵һıֲ̫ˡ
ڣٷڲĴͺͳһǧˮز
ǰΪˮ˳źӵ֣ѼĴۣרŷ˸뺣ڣˮԼ
Ǵͨһص׺ӵӵݺᣬˮӰȥ٣ˮǿֲ񲻳ˮ£
ǻҶһ߶ԣҶ沢ôںǣҶķذ
飬ҶǾԲǷġ
֮࣬Ҷȴתܿľ͸ʵǰļƻָı䲹һ
ȥһֱӾҶټʱرңҶ죬ɱұˮ弸ʮҾɱʮ̫ͷ֮
̫Ӱ˵꣬ˮЫдڵʮͬʱɫһ䣬˴ĳһ˴룬Сģ
ͬʱһɫ׹⣬ʹӵ
ͣټ죬׹ֵɲǣǵɫ׹ͺ̫Ӱ῵ϡ
ʱһɢžĴɵۼף̫Ӱ֡
˸а׵׹ⱻۼ׵˴룬ǣ̫Ӱɲҽɵȥ
ҶһаףǱŰ῵Ǻȥģа֮ͣ£῵һֱӱأѪ
῱ɣˮڵˮɫɷޱȣ̫Ӱ῵ķԭܼ򵥣̫Ӱи̣ЩˣȫҪ
ڸոΪҶ棬ȴû˹ˡ
Ȼһ⣬Ǿˮ
ʱˮɪɪڿȷǱ˸սˣǰˡ
ʵϣСʱ֮ǰеıܵĿ־ԽԽʢֻǣֱڵҶȷ
ģô̿ͣ
̫Ӱῲ֮ǣЩˮŭŭͬʱˮЫͳҶˡ
ͬһʱҶģʮϢĵϢȻǽϢ
ǿߣɲĿǰҶܹԸģһСģҶҪ군
ҶȻгģб֮
˵֮ʣһҶξƾʧ
ʱǿ˸գͱ׾ˮײһײ˸ͷѪ
Ӿʹлָ̫ӰΰһԸΣǣȻ˱̫ӵǣ
쵰ҪʬϣҪʮ壬ҵǰ
ְֳػɽ̿ǣը˷Ρ
ǣԣżġ
ݵʵѪͳˣɻ᳤Ҫָ֮ǰĳ̶ȣȴܡ
˵ǵҪ̶ȣ͸Ů˵ĳ̶Ȳࡣ
֮Ǳ٣Ժλ̫ӰҪǼ壬ɾûˡ
̫Ӱ῵ķŭ֪
ῷŭλĴڣȴǷٵӵԣ̫ӰŻסһĽš
СģǴ̿ͻˮ֮УϢȴ̫죬ǵҲһˮŵ
Ҷݣ䱾ϣǽʩչ߻֮еһ֡
ˮ֮ˮ֮޴ڣʩչݵҶ棬͵Զ
ܹһɲǼ佫ˮڵһд֮˲ҪȻҪҳҶ棬ܡ
ȻҪ⼸ĴΪһ㣬Ҫǻ¼Ҷѹ
ȻҲ޷ʩչݵҶбƳǿĸƾܹ꣬ҶĴ·λӶʰҶ档
ڣ
̫Ӱһӿһ豬ģֳֶϽǳշŭʲôˣ̫ӹ
͵͵ģʲôӢۺú


1391 ῵ŭХ
͵͵ٱĳС͵ҪǿϰٱǧҾʹɱô
Ҿ͵͵ôһĳ棬ûʸָңΪұɰٱϣҸСǧ򱶣ûʸ񣡡
ҶЦĳˮ쳹̫Ӱ῵ӱͨޱȡ
Ϊ壬õľǱ棬ʱҶȴӹȳڴ˴˵£˲ʹ̵λ̫ӵĳ档
ˮҳ׵ķˮҳ쵰Ҫ쵰ǧУῷŭ
ӳڣûܵ裡
һʼκһˣ˳ڳ˵ɫûܹ
ȱҶϽǣֱ˹˲ϢͱΪܴ裡
̫Ӱˮⶼɧǧĸ֣Ĵڣޱϸܵһ㣬ˮһͨȴûҳҶ
̫ӰῸӵķŭ
˭ҹ̫ӹ
ʱ˿̣ҶҲ׿ڣϣλǺܼ򵥵飬ȥҶļƻɾûˡ
ҶǶصףȻ߶Ӱһ߻ֳһŻˮصס
ߣȻ֪Ǳү͸ĳ棬үвգһӾҶҲ
ţգүʴҪԡ
¡¡
Ҷ˵꣬ˮ͵ضɽҡȴǳҶ˵Ĺеλˮĳ򣬲һеĺֲһ
̫Ӱʶʲô͵ôץǸ쵰ûУץûУ
λǿЩȻĶһۣ£Ǹһ̫ƻˣǸղźģһ

̫Ӱῶػ̧Ⱦ͸ǿһţң쵰ҳ̫𣿡
£ǸҶģѾ뿪ˣѾӦϢˡ
뿪ˣ
̫ӰῷŭٵƽϢ֮йˮǸҶģˣǲǸӾҶ棿
ˮصĵ˵ͷ£òּ̧ϵͨط¿ȷˣǱһӾҶ棡
ܺã
̫Ӱޱȵȥɽץʱ޷ϻĸ֮⣬ȫ£
һˮЫһæʵµ˼ǣ
ǸҶĲ˵Ҫȡ̫ӵԴҪǸ̫ӾͳƻҪǲߣ
̫ӰǸһ˿ȻҪǲǱ̫Ӿʹ̤ƽı
һ֮ǰСˮʱͼˣ£򲻿ˣɣ򲻿Ƴǣ
ߣΣͲǼʮǰĴˣˮҪȰ̫Ӱһͷĵʱ˵
ڣֵµĳ̫ȥһκм
ǣ

Уˮ뿪Ҷøţɽˮɵأ緢˿俪Ѱս
ðд̣̫ӵǣȫҶÿΪΪģǸⱱˮһս
ܵʿڼȺ״£žеᷢս
һɽЩˮչζҶƣʮһò˼ʱ䣬ͻᱻ̳Ըɾ
ȻҪһսôսξͺҪˡ
ʵҶĹ۲죬ţɽս
ţɽֲḻǲԴľͨչʱԾ
ǣС˯ˣûСҶԸѵƷֱ½
ϣͬһС֮Ŀܻͨ񾳵ʱҶ棬Ǻ
ңҶСӰ췶Χֱر
ҪСڣţɽ֮УҶ㲻ԸľӣƾЩҲܸشˮ
û취С˳˯ԣҶ͵÷ѵ˼Ѱսˡ
һʱ֮ҶӵͻţɽɽŵĳȻѡսô͵øλúõ׼ˡ

֮һŭ޴й̫ӰΰżŮͻȻ䣬ˮļ
̫ӵ£ǧ⣬һ֧ݳŽڿмɵ
ж٣
£о彫ۣһԱ£оʮҽۣԤƵоĿ಻ᳬʮ򣡡
ʮߣ̽
أ׼ŭȼ䣬̫Ӱ̧һţֱӽµ߷ɣǶϽ۵Ĳҽ
һܾ֮ۼǿˮ̫Ӱΰٴεõ˻ر̫ӵ£оţɽֵ£ӣҪڷֵӪկңСѾ̽ţ
ţ˵
̫ӵ£ΪҶ
Ҷ
̫Ӱ˫Ŀж׹⣬ȻǸ쵰Դǳ𣿽ƾʮһΪҵɫ̫ӣѵʲôƣ
˵ʵ̫ӰΰȻŭмֿġ
ٶ࣬ھʵǰҲǿ̸
ѽ̫ӵ̤ƽֵȥǸӾҶߣ˭̫ʱΪһˮ
һ̫Ӱµˮǿȫˡ
һˮ
Ϊһˮǽˮ롣
ˮǿ൱һˣ
ǣųϣˮ
ˮͶˮǵջжǿ󣬿֪
ʱɽȺХ׷׼ˮˣű꣬ŷֵȥ
ʮˮȺХ˼ݣţɽͷ·𼤵˺Хһ㣬ԶԶһƺţɽǱûһ㡣
ˮǰУ̫Ӱɳ̽ҲһһԽԽӽֵ̽ҲԽԽϸ
̫ӵ£ڷֵկһ˴죬ϡһǰĻرĳǰ߻˵ĺúõģ˵ߣͱýҲý
죿ôˣ˵̫Ӱһ
飺̫ӵ¡һΣ̽ӽ˵һ룬ݴĴסˣڵϵ̫ӵ£Сʵǲ˵
ԣῲȻŭ˵Ǳ̫Ҫã
ǰ̫Ӱ῾Ҫæĵһ򣬡̫ӵ£֮ʵ̫ʵڲԣ¼Ӱ

ǳ˵̫꣬ӰָţͽУɲǣһۣ̫Ӱ῵ӾͱѪɫž֮£ŭХһѪͿ쭶
쵰ң̫ҪȮ


1392 Ѫ
ֵӪ֮ڣ˸߸˴ӪģˣǴܵţҲҶţȴñ̫Ӱ´һӰоѪ쭣
һϣҵĶеŹ֣ڲģһϸţѪ
էһⱩУѹֱ粻ʲô
ǣҵǸˣͽʲôע˳
ҵŹһƤƳɵϱѪӸҩϳɵˮˢһѪܵĴ֡
̫ӰῶϽڴˣ
ˣ·һȺʿϴɤĴЦţЦӳ֣ɢ˷
ǳ̫Ӱ῵ıλȥǣô¿ް
Ϲ˰һҰ¿ޣʲôǰ
Ұ¿ޣôɽްǣүȴ˵ǶǰΪʲô
Сɵ˰ɣү˭˵ǣǾǣΪʲô¿ޣСûʶ
ʵҲǸƭޡޡ޲࣡ү˵ˣһšǸ̫Ӱ῵ԴȻͽ¿ޣǣõǸ̫ӵԴϱȻȻ
һȺʿ޼ɵĴЦͨļӳ֣͸صĻﻹʮԶˮĶС
ǵе̫Ӱ῵ĶС
ţֻǴӳ¼µӰпһĻͱѪʱۿϵǱǵĳª⣬ǱʶһƤġ
̫Ӱ῵ŭ𣬼ֱŭԸӣ
ҪģȴЩʿЦֱָǱ곯Ƕǵ¿ޣ
ʱԴ϶ϽǵĴڴһĪĻʹ
ŭӿ̫Ӱ῵ɫرɷޱȣһΣžҪֱӱǰһĻιȥˮЫæϣӿƹѪλ̫Ӱûеιȥ
ûιȥ̫Ӱ۽Ǿ͵ѣѪͿʼ͵䣡
ǰ
ǿĽ
ϱܴ裬Ȼ¿ָΪǣƾڿܱ
飬λ̫ӼˣᱻѪ
ƫƫ̫Ӱ῵Ķ˽ǣⱻҶָյָΪ̫Ӱ῵Ķǡ
ǵżʮˮ棡
˵ǲϴˢݳ裬λ̫ӣعĸױţҲɨأˣ
ԣڱ¿ʬ֮ʣ̫Ӱףĳ裬ֻѪϴˢ
ңֻǸӾҶѪϴˢ
ҪȻ´˵̫ӰΰױΪЦ
Ϊ³ΪĺЦ
˶񶾵ֱδţ
̤ƽӪҪҶͷֹˡ
̫Ӱ˵꣬λκСˮͼæʱԵ̫ӵ²ɣǽƻޱȣǴ˾٣ڼŭ
飡
ˮ˵̫꣬Ӱ῾ͷһţλĸߵˮ߷ˡ
̤ƽѵҪӽ˸ҵ𣿡
ҧгݼ䣬̫Ӱͻؽ֮ڣһ̲סķһҽС
һɲǣһö̹˸۾ͳ̫Ӱ῵УȻһҧֱӾö۶ϳأѪˮ
ʱһˮɫ䡣
Ѫ
ݵĶѪ
һݣ
Ὸ߾еۿ̤ƽӪҺߣۣ
ڿѪһɲǣеˮ壬鶼ޱȵأ
̫Ӱῶ˶Ѫǻ̫ӵѪܣȥ֮󣬱Ҳնǵġ
Ϣ֮󣬵ͳĺŽ𣬽ʮˮ壬໺ţӪ
ߣɲ㲻ϵһĻӪеҶЦ
һ׼ɼӽ£켲ӣҶľٶȴȥ
Ǹ¿ǣҶƳģҶԣ´ӪһʼµĲãûֹͣ
ָĲϣ̣·ˮһ˳ȥ
ĹҶ浽ӳһĵڴľʡ
û취Ҷ̫٣ֻܿеȡʤûкľе֧ţҶɲʮˮӲ
ʵϣÿһ죬ƜWл㡢죬ǲ޳Ҷֽһжġ
˿Ҷʮһ
ƜWûбҶ꣬ǿĿԣߴųɣ
ʮһΪڻ꺣ҵʿʮΪ඼֮ˮӲڴǷ˾ɵˡ
ʱҶز£ƺҲôӡ
ǵҶóһǧܵĲڴӪ󷽵ʱƜWȫɵˡ
ڴܣǿսԼúʵʸһټ뷢ǽǿߣпɱ
ڣȴһǧܰ
ϣ߾֮Уһ˵ľţҲðˡ
ֵҶѡһʱžѡս
ɽ֮һԼңȥǿ㣬ʺˮЩͷչҲ㲻ʲôҪ֮
ΨһĺôʤڵƿþչǣĿȣ˵Ҳ̫һܹչıҲ̫ࡣ
ˮĴԣ
زſʿǧˣˮһǧˡ
ҪǣֵĶҶӪĵطˮķн׵
ȻˮնУ׵ȴʿҰá
ȻҪģǷֵߣ˼Ĺ
ʮˮ໽Ŵϵͬʱ˾ӪʱǰָӵĿξƜWնĺȳһһ䡯֣
ǵصķʸԱˮܼ̬й˳ȥǧ˷Ϊִÿһǧˣһξʮ֧ʸ
һĹ򣬾ʮ֧ʸйȥ
еˮ·½һĴյ䣬ҽڶ
ǣˮҲ֮;޴󣬲Ǽʸܹɱġ
Щ׺ޱȵˮڶѪ£ηͬʬ壬ԸǰӪ档
һ£ˮѧ
׷ͬʬ壬ͬʬΪпŴӪٽӽ
ˮԣŵͬͬ飬˵ͬ飬ƣûбʳˣѾˡ
ƽ˴Ӫǧ֮ڣ
״̫Ӱȭŭһ̤ƴӪˮɱ彫ߣˮ
Ϊ˱ˮҫɱ
Ӧ̫Ӱ˷ܵģһܼļꡣ
źɫâ鱬ħʸ·һſһ㣬˲Ϣͻգĳɫţ˲ϢӪǰڵһУ


1393 ɽ
ǧ鱬ħһ䣬˲ϢôӪǰķΧһƬ𺣡
ˮڻ𺣵ء
йµˮ˲ϢͽЩ¶ӪǰΡ
ӪǰķΧʱѳɰ׵أ
ǰⷶΧڵˮǻŵĻģޣֻĶζ˳ˮɢ˷
ȭŭ̫ӰΰͻȻ˰УǰһĻһ
ŷԲ֮ڣһǧˮһ֮£ƾʧˡ
ҶȴˮκδϢĻᡣ
Žһν棬ҶͿˣȺˮеĻҪǰƴĸ㹤£ѾǸ߹Ⱥˮ
Ȳͻ
ʱӪ˳ƵĹ
ڿξƜWָ£̤Ĳжʽˮ첽ƣˮ֮󣬾йһļ꣡
ɱʮˮҺѣ
ξƜW˿Ѿޱȵ˷ܣ
һΣƽһΣɱޱȵˬ죡
սһߵɱ
Դ֮ǰµĿʮ򿤱֮УܹװͼĻģʮ֮һѡ
װ˻Ŀ䱸ļʸҲ޵ġ
ÿϻʸѣ
ˣʿǾҪɱ
ڣ죬ʮ򿤱һǴܵľеװ
Ҫǣϻ
ļϻÿһϻһϻÿʮˣһŴָڲͣķżϻ
һϻʲô
ԴܾΪϻʸֻдսʱϻʸ
ڣ¿һϻʸ
ˣ󷽵Уÿ˵ĲٹʮÿһöĴָߣȫǷļϻ
״ָĿξƜWʱһʯĸо
ģѹսʯԷ
Ĳ˵͵ΪֹļϻѾһʮϻˡ
ұ֤˵ǱǸƽ˱߷Ӫڼϻдûнȥһɣ
˿ֲľеȫҶṩģ
һˣξƜWɵôһ飬ǵıӾҶ棬˴ܵ
鱬ħ֮£ɱˮ½һ׹䣬ҶʹѣҲ̫ӰΏֲ̿ѡ
ҶʹҪǽе󣬵ΪֹҶȥľе࣬鱬ħǾţһë
Ǽϻ̫ˣ
ҶݹĸۡĵڵļϻѾȫȥ
ҵ죬ǴܽҲûǿĻɣǰ籩껹Ҫܼļ꣬ˮЫһܱˮ飬Ҳޱȡ
̫ӵ£ȥµĶǻ֧ŲסһˮԵ
̫Ӱ֮ɫظ֣˻һǿߵ׹ʿֻ̫ǳˣ
ô߶˷ɱ
λ׹΢΢̫ӵԵзеʢʩʱʩʱ޷ķҪٰΪȻ
̫Ӹǧˮ̫ӰῺȵ
ͬʱĹ͵գ֮ʣƴɳƴָɣɿĴ߶ֵƴһһ
ЩƣȫˮϵƣڷĴ߶£ٵյ˷
ʱյˮͱޱȣ
ԭֻǱ꣬˵ǺЩʿĻףǻҲ޷ͻơ
ڣйµı꣬ͻȻͱʩһ㣬óޱȡ
ǻһЩΪʿĻԽԽǿֱӽһЩ꺣ΪʿҵͷѪ
йı꣬һ˿ֲϢ
ʱʶԵͬʱʹ߶˷ǲɱģٶȣͱˣΪ˵£Ҳˣ
ˣûϴĻӦǱˮɱ˷ɱֻƿطˮܣʩչ
ǰĿ˷ɱһʮ˵ı߾̼ɱɾȺξƜWЩ־ҶԺС
˷ɱؼ֮һʩչǿȱ㣬ȴʩչʱ
ҶźУ֪ܲǰʲô
ǰΪҶԸҲܹʩչ˷ɱ
죡
Ҷһ
һӦϢ֮вαװȥһαװŹһ¡
һǧ¼ӳֵʸͬʱֱյλˮĹ
ڿʸյʱλɵۡ
Ҳ벻ǰССĿУȻһǧ
˵ǱǸųƾƽ˱߷ӪеҲᳬһټܰɣ
ͣ
ǩӴͣ
Щλǰߣһ룬˲Ϣͱ⴮
ǣ̫Ӱ῵ŭ£ЩߣһĶȥλǰ
һ˧ͻشӴӪ֮Ĺ⻪۵ǰ˿
⻪·һһʩİ׹Ŀͻһǣͻظһ˿ޱȵЦݡ
ŵĹ⻪һؿ£׵ʧˣ
Ǵܾеľ˧ۣսߣ
ȻҲʯĹޣɵһĵҶʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯ
һǺģҶһҹʮһҹŪļҵ׵ʮ֮һͲˣ
Ҳǹ͵ģֱӺɱһλǿߣ
׹̫Ӱ¶һȿ޻ҪѿЦݣ̫ӣӡ
ֻûڣ׹ոնݳͲҽһյĳȥ
ĳƺž޴һ㣬ð׹޷ѣ
ǰ׹꣬еıɱˮ꣬ڼĳۼȥ
·һרĺڶһ㣡
ʱֵ˿̣ȴûЩ飡
׹һ˷ɱҲڶˮûޱȣûоʲô̵̫ӰΰҲǻ񣬿˧ǳȻתͷӣ
Ҫ˧۵һʵֲ̫ˣ
Ĺʧ˰
̫Ӱ῵ӰУδ˿ֲۣ
ʵûˣûҶһ¹Ѫ
ʮƷʯһǵĺ¾ǴʥӣҲʹɡ
̫ӰһӣԭΪѪάֵڶˮͳ׵ıˣ
Ѫ̫Ӷˣǻƴʲô
ʲôбɽ
ͽбɽ
ʮһ׷Žսʹʮˮβ׷ɱ
ӪУӵ̫ӰΰҶݵĵһ˧ۣ׷Բܷܰˣ


1394 
ʵϣսոհ࣬ʧ̫Ӱ῾ͷӦˡ
Ϊ̫Ӱῲ෴ģܴΪǿŶ磬ڱıӻ£ûʲôꡣ
ʲôҲ˳˳ˮ
˵ʵ죬ǵһֱв
ΪڱĿ£֮䣬ΪѾﵽͨ񾳾۷塣
սǿͨ񾳾۷壬սʤкڵĴڣǣ̫ӰٳɵΪսͲһˡ
ƽĶ֮УЩкڵǿ߾ҲʤļΪѡ
쿴һλĹֱӱһɱת׼еĿ־֪
ֱӳ࣬˧۽ܴڶ׼ȫڿ
۵ܴȷʵΪǿʯеʯȴҪʱ䡣
˧۵ܴڣһ֮ûһӵʱ䣬޷׼һġ
ҪȻֻҪ㹻ʯͺɨˡ
ôһ룬ǰӪ֮ҵʲô¿֮ģʱͷӦ˹֮Уûٶ
ڣʱˣҶڼŭ
һеĹӪӪļƳ׵ķӳ
ʱֻҪеǣѪˮ棬ñˮ巢ƹ͹Ӫһˡ
ҲڳתһӾĴˡ
ʮ򱱺ˮ尡ı޴˴ܡ
̫ӰǸް
УǱ̫ӺͿɴڣֹ֮ͣӴ̫ܵӰῳλӴܵˮʵ
ĺͥ󣬳˷ַ֮⣬񣬶ѧ壬ȴѧ˸Ĳ࣬Ƕǡ
ʱ̫ӰƵУǱة±ߵ֮һЭ̫Ӱڴ֮ǰһֱδ̫Ӱع
ʱܣð˴ǰĽԡ
λСһ쿪۵ģæĹ̫ӵ¹Ȼ˹ˣһս
̫ӵ²żսǱˮܣûԪڣָֻӳһЩʧˡ
ֻҪ̫ӵ·ò˼գ˵֮ǰʮˮ徫񣬾Ǳϵİˮ壬ԾԾ
ʱֻҪСƻȡͷ練ƶ
ԴϲЩԥĵУĿ𣿴ǰұ裬棬ǡЩˮҺ
·ģǧȷǲˣ򣬾ԲҲ̫ӵ¾϶
̫ˣ
ûϧΰûǸˣ̫Ӱĥȭһϲɫ֮ʣҶһˮͷһ㣬῵˲Ϣýޱȣ
һ˧Ѿ˰῵˵Ҷ֮ǰһ
ˣ
ˮЫһأһ˧ۺһǵ󣬽֧ǧ˵ĶǰΧˡ
ÿ˧ϣǧʿÿģˮŷɥ鱬ħ
ҶȴЩˮκδϢĻᣬ˧۳弶ɲǣ߳䣡
˧ϵػĻ⻪һǧ֧鱬ħʸشĻͺ̫Ӱһ˵ȣ
ǵص鱬ħʸһλɢźĹͻһЦǰ̫ӵ£ģ鱬ħʸ˲ǣҿϷֶΣ
һΣһֻ׵ľ޴󺮱ˮĸͳǰˮĸԳɲǣޱߺʱɢ˷йµı꣬һɲʱͱйµı
һޱߵĺʹ⺮ˮĸɢӭ鱬ħʸ
¡¡
ͬʱը
ɫаŴӺˮĸԴй£ˮĸȫ
ǲˮĸӿһĺȴûκ
׷ʩ𡭡
ˮĸû˵꣬ͻظȻֹ˾˹ȥһ㣬޴βܿƵĴ׹ȥոմ߷ȥıĺɢ
ʱոܵѹƵǧ֧鱬ħʸһɲǱ˲Ϣؼ䡣
ͬһɲǣҶ˫Ŀ֮еɫ⿰ȥ
Ҷаһشȫ֮µĽǿߣҶίʵû̫ġ
ɴ࣬Ҷںа֮ʣ˳Ƶĺһ⣬Ҷߴ۷ɫ⣬䲻֮£˲ϢشλˮĹˮĸ
Сģ
ˮͬʱ֮ʣʮͱ׾ͬʱ˵̫Ӱ࣬Գ˱塣
ȴʮֻ;޴󣬹ޱȺصĹ
鱬ħʸĻ⣬ֻЩĹϱߣ˼ӡ
ˮĸȴֱû鱬ħʸĻ֮С

һŭĹŭֱҶ棬նɱҶ棡
Сģٿһ˧۵Ĺ쿴űǿҼлҶ棬
ɱңƾǣ
ȥ
ͺһҶһ֣ʮԴͷգͬʱҶһ̤һȦɫĲɢľͨط
ոձҶ˦еĶʮŰ׷׻Σ˫Ŀ
ɱ
ҶĿֻһʱʮɱĹ
ıȰҪ͵ֱȥ嵽ʮλǰλжʱһͣ
һĻҶȴǰ̾һ
ʮŰȴ˷ˡ
ľ֮ͨ£Щֻͨ񾳾۷Ϊ̺ĺûбѡ
ҪΪҪǻСҶƣڶɣ۷壬пܣ
Щֻͨ񾳾۷Ϊǰڻؾǵޱȵļͣ
λǿߵȫһȻûնϽס֦Ĵ֣
Һ䣡
ͬʱҶڵ˧мʿˢÿ¶ʮɢſֲϢ
飡
󴸺ݺݵڻϣݵֱ˺ƿ쳹
¡¡
ɫаͬһʱĹȥ
ͬһɲǣʮ޴ϻζŵϰֱ۾Ǵľ׮һ˱סλ

λ˾ĺ
ǾĺȴһɲǸȻֹ
Ҷаٷȥ֮һľÿ֧ʸк£Ʒױɷ顣
󣬶ʮֱۣͽסˮĹֱĳ
˵ոӳһĪͲҺŷеĳš
ҽУҶħ˧ƵսѪ죬ƺһıã


1395 Ϯ
λĹնɱİˮǰл鱬ħʸɱ˿ֲս֮£Щˮˮ׷ɢӣ
̫Ӱ῵ҪҲȲԸСҪ
ߣս֮λΪǿĽĹɵˣǻȱסԸСҪ
ʱˮˮɢӣֻʣ±ʮԳ塢Ƿޱȱ̬Ĺ̫ӰŻס
ЩˮɢӣҶ涢ʮµ̫ӰһۺȵΰʮϢĹ򣬹ԹԹͶҪȻߣ
־֮£̫ӰͻЪ˹ŭң
ҸǱ´󽫱ˮ岻ҪǸҶһë壡

ԣҶ̾һ˰죬Ǹ߿ˣѹһëû⣬ôƣ
Ҷ仰ɻ治ǵ٩
Ҷ뷨Уǽ⵱һӲսģҪȻӪոϣΪʲôҪͣĽһһصķأ
ҶĴ㣬µĿһϵĿԣ׼ڹؼʱ׳
ϧλ̫Ӵ죬Ⱥ׺ıˮֱܵĪ
䣡ܹŵʱ
Ҷһ֣鱬ħʸٴˮһйȥ
ǣй˼֮Ҷסˡ
ЩһǵķױȰ
ȻӲĿס鱬ħʸĺ
ЩĹڹڣ۳һȦ棬Ҳ޷Ƿֺ
ҲĹֻʮаϣƷڷֵܹҶĵһϮʧЧ
Ҳԣ
ҶСè͵һԳ޴ı壬ȥתһȦֻÿĹһǣЩһ˳ȥ
ˣ
Ҷһ£̫Ӱֱ۶رףֱӽ̫Ӱ´˸ģ
ҶԸҲûţɱȥЩĸ·ÿһаףͽЩɵ
ҶͻȻģЩǿ󣬹ؼʱ̣˵ܹá
ҶʶģϷңҸɱһȫʬ
ҪȻҪ򣡡
쵰Ϸң̫ܵӰָҶƿڴ
氡
һЦҶָһа׺£̫ӰΏͬʱõҶָʾѲ񽫷İѾһݺݵĺ̫Ӱ῵Ժ
߰һ˹ȥ
ûʲô쳣ɣҶ濴һѲ񽫷İʵ
ڿս֮ǰİѾƽ˱߷ӪˣҶ沢ûսֵµѲԷ˸ա
Ҷ治δսκʵɵ̽ȥ
Ȼôģս뱣ǲܵģЩе϶ᱩ¶ǲ⡣
Ҷղ֮׳
¹ħ֮Ϣй©ȥһ˿㣬ħǶɱҶƴ
˵ģħĳɱһҶ͵·
شˣûʲô쳣İ̫ҶΪ˽š
û쳣ͺãս˧ϵʿȫ´ἰսߣɱ⣡Ҷ
Ҷ춯ðżյģ˵ǣˮ̫Ӱôһͷ죬ȻҶɵĵ֡
գΪ˶ԸǿߣŲò˶ʮ
ܻҶûֲһѹûҲʶѲ񽫷İҲûʶ
ֻҪûע⣬Ӧûܹܡ
˵Ҷٴδ߶ľͨЩ˳˯֮УȻһһյռڡ
ȻЩܹջأÿһΣǵıԴɾ޴Ŀ顣
һλѣЩŰڵıԴĵķ֮һ
Ӫ
սڼڿξƜWָ£ӪΪλӦɢˮ
תӪҶ棬ּͽʮ꣬Ȼ͸ϳ˾Ӫػ֮ҶĿ̫Ӱ῵ϡ
һҶ߶ǣһ⻪̫Ӱ῵鸮֮Уǿսꡣ
״һԵѲ񽫷İȴǴʧɫˣɣ
ˣǱǻᷢģʱҪ
ԣҶȴЦս꣬˵Ҫ
һķ
ֻǵȱˮҪˣȻ
Ϊ÷ⰽΰͻŹǣĴȷŹӣȥ֮ŹҶ߽µ̫ӵİ˵
İһޱȵĿɬƺһ֡
Ȼ֣ǾҪ֮ضܺ
˵ţҶһɫ̫Ӱ῵鸮̫Ӱ῵Īĳ鴤һ¡
İ촽˶գʲôû˵
λϵ·ļʶѾҲˡ
Ҷ̫ӰΰξƜWǱߣȴǽݱ
ɢ׷ĸӪݱնɱɢˮ࣬ЦǣЩɢˮȻһӻţɽҶɨţɽﱻĿξƜWնɱˮ࣬Ȼˮһࡣ
Ĵͷȴǽȵıİգʮţ
һ֮ͳƳĿתĿξƜWܵҶӪʱϲ
ˣ󹦰һΣǱĹ˰ƜWһĿϲ
Ҷüͷһ壬󹦣ʲô˼
ǱۣնɱˮҲǶʮͷܾɣˮɽһ
ȫҲѣٷһݣһѫλҲ᲻ˣʲô󹦣
ǣˣǽʮ񰡣ܾɣһ񣬾һǾʮ
ߣҴܾؿС֮˶ٿԶתǾһٶ
ȥǴ˵ľλһƜWϲ
ҶȴЩûףԣʮֻӵɽѣӦ㲻þ
ҪҲҪǰɽǼǧŪܹŪƷˣ
ƜWһæ͵ˣȷʵܣǣʮ񣬴ʱѾˮ²ͲˣǱħ۵ˣǣ
ˣȷʵô˵ңѲ¼ӰȥǾ˾ǱߣҲû취İ˵
Ҷһ£ЦǾϱɣλ⣬˭Ҳ١
ˣ򼱱һ֧ʮ˵ȫװĴҾӪǰһŵ̤Ӫ˵
ԣҶɫһ䣡


1396 ޳ܵĳ
ˣˣƽ˱߷ӪǸ˺Эˮĳ¿ƽԴӣ
Ļرôڵ¶ȣؽ˲٣ǱҹѲ񽫷İһ¿ƽ֣ҧгݡ
ճµģʲôҶҲޱȣһˣʮ
Ҫ֪߷Ӫפǿɲһġ
񱱺ʿΪԻ꺣ռô߷ӪʿΪΪң߷Ӫװȫʽװ
Ȼ鱬ħⲢ࣬Ƿ󣬻ʽҲǱ׼װ
ϣͬһʽƷзӳҪȻ꺣ǿ
ң߾Ӫڵʿѵ̶ȣ𱱺ǿ̫ˣϰս֮
ԥ˵˵ʮ򣬾߾ʿ䣬ֻҪָӹٲӣͿսʤʮ򱱺ӵͬװҲС
ˮսһˮĿ࣬ѹһȺں֮ڣûеָӣڼȺǰܺ
ѵصʮ߾ȫһߵļȺƣɾͳûˡ
ʱʱƫƫˣʮˣճµѲǱߵļ᲻ǡѲ񽫷İһơ
ôڵһݣ㻹˵ԡ
ʮˮɵҶʮ򿤱˵¼ˮûɵҶ棬Ⱥ߾һȻƸˮҲǺ
ȥӪͬʱӪʷ̬ƣѯǵľĿġ
Ҷһ´˺ü
ͬʱҶҲӭȥҶҲһεĲ˺Эսļһ
Ӫ⣬ǧ񱼣Ϊ൱ڿ޻ǣ񳤴ʮףߴף֮УСˡ
ǼܲסడǧＯг棬ֱײƣֱ춯أǱϾһʮһʿֳɱ졣
֮ǧ棬ǧʿڼ棬ƣȻ嵽ǰɸһϢĸо
ҶŷİŵڵͿеȺ򣬵ǧȴûκֹͣ˼ɺֱײ
ҶĿһһڰҶ滳гСèǳ׵ĿֲͶչ
֮һչģڻǿֲѹϢ
ȻСèûг׵ľڻϢϷҲСèϵڻϢŨޱȣ

ڻѹڻХз·һǧ
ǿֲĻǧͬʱһ׷ײļ٣ЩѵأХ֮£Ҫҳһš
Ǳϵʿ׷ŭ𣬽Щͣԭء
û취ǲòͣ
ҶǼϻɳɳɳɱ¾ħһ㣬ָ֧ӹٲòפͣ
ʵҶ濴ʱ򣬾֪Ǹճµʾչʾ˵ڶ
Ϊ棬ɲõģ£ֻΪӣ
мѪɫƽ˱߷Ӫ˧¿ƽһ߹ƣһߵǰߡ
˵ҶӾһֻޱȵĴèһȻ¿ƽƤЦⲻЦĿ
ԭǳ´˧һΣ´˧Ҫ֪ͨһҶĳҶĳСţһˣ
ɱǧҲû£ɱ˳´˧ǾͲˣҶЦ
¿ƽɫرޱȣɱĳݺὮһʮ࣬ɱħƽξɱ֮£ĳúúõģܹɱĳˣûأ
ȷʵǰ죬˾컹˵ϣܹѲ˾ˣûأ
ҶһЦ¿ƽɫȴһ䣬ףҶǽ˵أ˵ܾɱһء
˵ʵֳһλѲʹ֮ڵвܹ˶Ϊ֮ɵ
ȴѲǱߵı֤Ѳ֧ţҶڶѲʹСЬΰɣ
ûУպȻ֪ձ˧ǰҪ죡ûռϱˣ¿ƽֱӿżɽˡ
£뽲ҶζЦ
һ£ȻǹҶλƽˡȻ¿ƽ˲ףҶȡʤģһ˵ûֱ˵ڶˡ
ڶأȡҶүµĺôˣ
һҶˣǷİҲȫסˡ
¿ƽúôģǣʱʱкĿúô
⻰ôЩأҶɵ
ʱ¿ƽһײĵĪҶү˵㻰ҶүʹֻҪ˧ƽ˴ξȫƽ˱߷ӪУ񣬱˧ѾҶүµĺôɲܲ㻰
һ˵¿ƽһóһ˺ƴ飡
ԣҶ۾صɵıͭ廹Ҫ
ڵģҪģû޳ܵİ
ֱҶһֱѪĸо
¿ƽ˵£ƺռˡ
˵
˰
ǰʮı
Լ
ڵģսһųı
Ҷһðűħ巢ֵķʹɱﵣҶͲһ
ʱ¿ƽĽƴš
ҶƢȻûôãһͺȵ´˧ǽǱȫµɵˣ
ǳˣսųı𣿡
˭˵սųı¿ƽһ޹Ҷү˴һٶˮֱߣֻǷֵ˲ʮˮѡ
ˮȫǳĳǣƣûгĳǣƣҶүͱˮ̵ĹͷӶʣˣ
Ļˮ
Ҷүݾƽ˱߷Ӫǳɲ˵㻰
ˣҶѾôˡ
ǵĻ
նɱˮļ¿ƽǿϵģҪǽȴʮһ˲õķ⡣
ȥŵ¿ƽɱ
ֱ֮¿ƽǿսģ
ҶŲ˵¿ƽʱŭҶүˮ㲻ʲϰɣ
ֵǣʲϣǴ𲻴ӦͻȻ䣬¿ƽ۸ߺ
ʱ¿ƽʮͬʱŭӦ
Ҫʲô죿¿ƽŭ
ɱɱɱ
ŭХɱ죬з׷׹䣬ҲҶ桢İ졢㻹ĴͷƤͬʱһ飬ɫ䣡
״¿ƽȴǵЦҶүǿˣǱ߾Ƣһôã
ӦĶǲͱֱ˧µĶԸȡ
˵ţ¿ƽ΢΢һ֣ʮͬʱڳ˹̬սһ


1397 ĺ
ƽ˴ӪʮҶķİƜW졢ɫ࣬žǷһҵ
ѹ

һǾ͸Ҷֵģζ챻ըˡ
һɲǣжһַŭĳ嶯޲õҪĳ¿ƽѪսһʤΣȳڶ˵
ҶҲòȥҶŭȼ˫Уȴƽ
޳֮ͽҶĶ࣬Ȼ¿ƽҪ˼㣬ҶȴԽʱԽҪ侲
Ҷ濴ó¿ƽڸЦҶ治ôһĻᷢ
ò˵¿ƽѡʱǼõģҶפڴӪ֮еʱ򶼲¿ƽʮ񹥻֮£ҶⷽȻҰܣ
ȻҶٴβһеһЩֶΣ绽ѴŤתսֵġ
ǣǰⳡͻʤʵҪģҪƴ֮Ӱ졣
ִ¼϶޷ѹģգԻͱܵͥ
˾أʱؿ϶˫֮⣬ӵѰ֤ݻǴµݡ
ô˭ʵĵأ
ʣʵĵѲ˾Ѳţ
һˣҶĿⶸؿգһɲǣҶ϶Уʮа˾ѲѲԡ
Ȼⲻص㣬صǣ۽췢ΣѲ˾Ѳſ϶վҶߵġ
Ҷɣ±󣬻ѲŵӰӡ
ת֮£Ҷ͵óһۣ¿ƽǰ£ҶҶôʤ¶鷳֮С
¿ƽվĿһޱȵĴܾ
֮ҶĿǰѡ񣬾ֻйԹԵĽʮ񣬹ԹԵóˣ
ҶԸԿˡ
һͱޱȵƽ˱߷Ӫͳ˧¿ƽҶͶ򵨱׹䣡
ߣҵģɱĺ
Ҷ΢΢һЩһֱ֮սˮħ˧ڡ
һɲǣҶħ˧Ϣļų¿ƽʮӽ
Ҷĵڶ¿ƽеսңңָҶҶүĳһΣǸǲ
ݣ
ǳ¿ƽвͬʱһѪӰͷ·һѪɫһ˳¿ƽʮӪ֮С
ǧ׵Ѫɫⷢޱȵƿ·һɨ
ǸѪɫӰתһȦܷԲǧ֮ڣûκһڣ
ֲѪɫ֮£ǧʿ䱻նɱ
ҽŶݳոնݳɲǣ;ޱȵļĪľ޴ǲķǸѪɫӰ
ͬһɲǣҶĿ£ħ˧Ʒ׼ͻƵƷսѪ죬ؽޱŨѪɫ⻪עħ˧ڡ
ħ˧ΪϢɿɲǼʹ۷ͻƵأ
ΪУħ˧ƷѪӰٴαĿĹ⻪ʿȺУǳɨ
ʱʬأѪɺӣ
¿ƽҶħ˧նȥʱ򣬲ŷӦ
ħ˧ڶնȥʱ򣬳¿ƽЩ㣬һʱ֮仹ûʶ׷ʲô顣
Ѫħ
ħ壬ħ֣
ֱֵµĽʿ¿ƽŷӦһΪǿħ壬Ȼͻľ֮С
һɲǣ¿ƽģǰħ壬Դżˣôģ
Ȼҹһ˴ʮĴӪ
µΣѾֲ˼һָΧ󵨵ħ
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״ƽ˱߷Ӫͳ˧¿ƽɫһ࣡


1398 
ܾɼϣǶǿľеƷ棬żϸƶȡ
һľеʽ׻Щ˵ս𱨷ϣֻҪ˾һڴ󳼻ʹߵӡͿ϶ϡ
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⣬һȫפǣǵسǴ󣬴ҹ

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ˣƽ˱߷ӪոշųϢѾնɱ׵ѪħҶĲкһţϢĳҶ󣬡Ŀǰƽ˱߷ӪĴѾ½شӪ¿ƽҲڷشӪ·ϣ
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1399 Ӫ
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1400 Լ
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ڣѾնɱѪħ׷˶ʧľе£ٴγ֣ǿɾ˲ˡ
αսԱ磬۾ﰡ
۾֮ᣬ¶ҪҰ
ԣ¿ƽ˵Ŀ־壬˵ķŭ
¿ƽһģѲ³ؾɽ
ڴӪ֮ŰѪħ޲ǰȥѪħʬϣ̫ܻ˰
ؼʱ̣Ǳüı
ңһ¿ƽ޷ϴѣѲ£ҲвС鷳
Ϊڣɱʥˣ
Ͼƽ˱߷ĴӪʮϢ֮󣬷ӦĴôķ£ܿͱסҶħ˧
һүҵͷ£û꣬ƣ
Ϣ֮Ҷħ˧һݻһΧ𣬻һѪԶ룡
ħ˧뿪ɲǣѲ³ؾɽ͵ضҶ棬˫׹ⱬ䡣
Ҷһ˵Ⱦնɱڣ׵ڸǴ¡
ΨһĵǣܲѲ񽫷İ
ϧǣҶķӦҲޱȣ
ħ˧뿪ɲǣҶתͷȵ㣬ٽŵӰأƽ˱߷Ӫͳ˧¿ƽ۾ϣϱ֪أ
ͬһɲǣĵʹҶзɳӪĸ򣬡Ҫ鱨Ҫ·뱨ʧ
һĻֱѲ³ؾɽ࣬׵ʧȥ˷硣
ҶķӦ̫ˣ֪ɱڵĿܣȻ鱨һʱ͸߽Ӧ
ôǳؾɽˣ뱻𣬲Żɳɱڵִ£
ؾɽͷһУҶĲ̫ȫˣʰҶ棬첻
ˣӰд˼һӦε鱨Ѿͳһ֮ؾͻյ
ԣ¿ƽһľ׮һ㣬ֱͦͦĵ˵ϣУǾףˣѾûκ
ؾɽ飬ñ˲ӬҪѿ


1401 Ϯ
ϴҼֱ죬޵ı߷Ҳմ㳯˵жٱ߷Ӫͳ˧ƽ˱߷ӪһѲŹһ𣿡
ػʳˮԪڣŸոյ౨
ѲžȻȻ¿ƽңһ㣬ͳɹˡ
ڼܹ㳯ӣϢŭϴһ£פ߷ͳ˧û˵ȥûš
¼ǿפͳ˧ĵפ߾ҲϴϵǶѲŻơ֮£ϣڴǴǰūţЩ߾ͳ˧ǿŵģ
㳯˵ʼ¡ŭƽ޼ǵã߾ͳ˧һӵһΰɣһεݽˣ
ر£һפͳ˧ʮǰ
ʮ꣬Ѿ⣬ֵʱ̫ˣּ⣬¿ƽѲһɱʥΪ΢Žžֵ±߷פͳ˧¿ƽؾɽһ˾
˵ʼ¡΢΢һƽ˱߷Ӫͳ˧ѡӽƼһȥɣôװɣ
ڼܹʱӣūף
ҶòѲǱվඣߣô˵Ҳøˣ˾ǱߣҶһεľ϶ûУʼ¡ʵ
£ӰѾʵѾԱʵӦ󣡲
ʼ¡üͷһʲô
£ؼļλͷйҶ鱨ϣһߣū֪㳯ԥ
ԣʼ¡ȴǲˬϹǰһףкɵ㣬콲
£һǰǰҶ滹ڳְֹʱѪʿɱ飬Ѫʿݹйء
ѪʿɱҶպݹۡѣѪħ룬ճɽZɱ𶯣Ѫħʧ˰٤ۡӱ
˰УӡݹҶԹ
֣ǰؼر¿ƽӦЮȥҶģһ㣬Ҫɹˣɹ֮ʣѪħͻȻɱ¿ƽĴӪɱĳ¿ƽҵ
պ󣬳¿ƽα֤ݣҶǰ֮ʣѲ³ؾɽǡøϵҶ׮Ҷ棬Ѿɹ
ǴʱѪħٴɱǳɵĽҶΧ·˾תȻÿһѪħֵĿȥɣܺ
ÿһΣҶйأܿҶĶ֣ҶͲ̫Ѱˣ㳯˵
ˣͷƶҶʮа˾ţħЩϸãҲѪħЩϸ𣡡
ʼ¡ƶûκα仯ôΪҶħкιϸ𣡡
£Ҷ¼Ϊ󣬵ﱱһʱ䣬ǿս˿ξƜWξż꣬ؼ˽飬Ҷս֮Ϊ
ԣͷƲ⣬߳ɵĿܣҶһͷħūȻҲпħϸ𣡡
ħйϸ𣿻ħūߺˣ⵨ӣʵģûôʵĵӣôѲأ
һ£ʼ¡ۺȵ£ֻҪҶ滹ڸѲΪã˵Щħūٹһ㣬Σ
ūּ

ڻʹ֮еգܹڵգֱѹɽ
ͷѲϴǧţٵ棬һŮ˺Ƭŭ֪
Ҳ
ڼǰҶŴѲţ겻Ȩתۼ䣬ͽƽ˱߷Ӫͳ˧ɵ˲˵ѲŵĴ³ؾɽҲļΣ
ƽ˱߷Ӫͳ˧ɵѲŵĹϵҲ¶ý룬߿϶ᾫϸѡ£Ǳߣˡ
Ⲣĸ
ǣѲŴ³ؾɽǣȥջޱȡ
ѲŴλãؼޱȣҪ̫ߵĲܣҪһǣҳϣϴҾԵҳϣ
һ㣬ȴ̫ˡ
һؾɽŪȥһʱ֮䣬Ҳ̫ʵĽѡ
ŭй֮ϴǧŻٶ˹ˮУϴɾ˫֣Ѿˮ
һΣǱСҶģû뵽ôһ֣ʱиħƨɣǶֵ˽⣬̫٣ϴǧ˵
ˣѾħ򣬲ҶĵϸħǱޣҲ֪ģҪʱ䣡
ףһΣе㼬ˣһѲų£ʵ϶ͻ׽סţξɽ飬Щ鷳
ߣʱѲϣ̣ǰȥѲŵĴ֣סʱҪǣѲţزѲٳ©ҶЩӣȱȥˣԶԸ
ǣˣش¿ǵˣǵ飬֪֮࣬Ρ
ϴǧһףѾλ˰ΪģǱסؾɽ

صĴٶȼ죬һ󣬵Ҷƽ˱߷ӪرǵʱضԳ¿ƽؾɽĴþˡ
ƽ˱߷Ӫͳ˧¿ƽ۾ϣնУң壬⴦üˡ
Ҷ浱Ȼݴõ˼ɱؾɽĴãԵЩˣͬʱҲ͹ԳѲϴǧŵ
֮ʱѲϴǧ֤ؾɽƽ˱߷Ӫͳ˧¿ƽɱΣ˺üλ֧֣գһʧ֮ְ̱һ٣ٺ꣡
̵ǣ֮ҶյѲŵĶټն誵رѲ³ؾɽȥһְͱѲϴǧŽְá
һҶѲʱɳɲзϵȱһְ
ңѲٵѵУǿؾɽֻǻһͷƣѲһְְ˾
ʵҶԤϡ
ѲڵҪǸɣôױɵĻѲҲͲΪʼ¡۵ĸˡ
ңһε¼Ѳ߷Ӫй飬֤ѲϴǧŵʵпҪ϶Ķࡣ
ҶЩʵļɵ
ˣ̽ţдΪǿޱȵˮǰǿߣϰţжϣͷߣӦþǱıѲ񽫷İǼ
ԤƶõﱱǣҶʵ
죡
ӣһڱ֮ڣңҶ
İĿɿڴˣǱɷͬһ㣬ֵĴڣͨ
˵İλĴڣͽһˣҲܹԸģ˵һǧ󣬾һܣҲɱţİ
ΣҶһȻޱȵģ
ˣŻʱ䣬ӦԮԮţİԵ
Ԯסһʱܹסһ
ȥмƽϣҶȵ
ɲУİ뿪


1402 Ѫ
˵ʵϱôһλսȵĿֲڣҶ˵ģǼٵġ
λƢһ㣬һԲϾȸɵҶ棬µ̫ӰᣬҲǵòʧ
ԣµΪֹҶѾ˶׼ҶٴǰǵΣȥԸķ²λ̫Ӱῡ
ȻҶʰλ̫ӰΣÿһΣλ̫Ӱãܡ
ѾѧˣڼҶ֪֮УҲָҶıŭˡ
Ȼصĺ⣬ȴǸҡ
ַĵ׵ηĺ⽻֯һ̫Ӱ῵Ŀ⣬
ΰǸһ£Աˣʱ͵ˡҶ漫ͻأĶ̫Ӱ˵
˫Ŀϲ֮ɫѹžϲģֻҪ뿪һҸ㡭
ž
Ҷ˵Ľ߰ʹҶĻдݺݵĸ˰һƣӣѻ˵үҸұ֤ҪǼ棬һһʱҶүʮΣ
ηԴĽ߰󣬲Ҷ˵κηϻѾʶĽߵı̬ѹҶˡ
ҶȻ֪̫ӰһǺεģҶǸһԤģһﳤҵ꣬õʱҶĴ¡
֮ǰм£Ҫ㿴һ˵ţҶ̫Ӱ῵Դ˵Σֱӳ˰ա
һõҶԸķİ;޴ˮ˱⡣
ֻˮֲ֪գҶȴ̫Ӱ῵յΰֻˮȫһ㣬һķս꣡
ɲҶ˼
İ⿪ǵĽƣ
ֻƱ⿪ˮһͷˮ㿴ҿ㣬֪ô£ö˶˵Ľ⿪ǵĽƸ
һӵʱ䣬ܵԶǸˣԻ
ҶĺɲǣֻˮʱͶȫı£ˮһķԶȥһֱƾʧȴˮ֮
ˣ
Ҷ涢һ̫ӰΰͻһһɲǣеˮͻؾͱһѪһӴеԴѾϡ
ǷŽˮߵˮ
ս֮ˣֻһɲǵʱ䣬ҲܹһٴΣУҶٴδָ
죬ֻûǰӴܵˮԴͻȻͱһͷһˮ
˻
ش̫Ӱ῵Ŀ𣬰῵壬ڣľҲ·ɸһ㡣
Ӧܹ㸸ױʱ㸸ɱң
ǿԿ˭
˵ţҶ涸Цһһǣ̫ӰʱޱȵĲҽʱ㾡ˣˣΪҲܹѣ
٣Ҳҹҹ߶ƣԣ
ңҶүҡҾԲ
ͻȻ䣬ܲסĥ̫ӰῲҽһȻֱԳ˱塣
Ҷһ㣬⻹һμ̫Ӱ῵ı塣
̫ӰΰҲǴȵŴϵѪ峤ңۼ׶żֱɫͻȻ䣬ҶĿһ̫Ӱ῱Ŀ⣬ЩԾ
צ

Ϊȼһû𣬵ȴǼѪе壬ѪƷԽߣԽǿ
ǣѪȴһҪӵĶࡣ
֮ͼ޽ǣͷͨнǰצϾƽǣצǽˡ
֮£˫צν֮Ӧɿط꣬еһѪ
ӦлԵ˫צצͷǣۣν֮֮еĸ߽Ѫˡ
ϣǸצǾצѪ֮߹צ֮ϣ߹Ѫצȵȣָ츳ͨ
ѪԼҲ֮
Ȼǰ̫ӰΰΪǱѪԭΪ߹Ѫ
ͨ£ΪѪȡ
ѪԽ߹壬սԽǿ˻øߵȼѪѶȡ
Ҷĸۡڣͻ¸Ǹ̫࣬ŪͰѪһٽҶĺһɹ
̫˵ѪǼģҲǵ丸ʹͶʮͰѡ
⻹ӵԭɴ˿ɼѪĵжôѵá
֮Ҷ˵ѪӦѪûеõ
ȱԳ̶ֹܳȣԴӻʹؿȡһӦѪѪȴûǸʸ
ҶۼȴһѪ֮
£Ҷٲ֪ôǾɵˡ
ͬʱҶ氵޴һ㣬ʹһλõĺѪĻᰡ
Ϣ֮Ҷ潫̫Ӱ´˵Σ̫Ӱ῵ĿֲУֱӿѪ
ģֻȡһЩѪ˴񣬷һѪҲ㣡
ߣԿͷĻùԹԵϣŬıƳѪңҪȻŵĿͷһ飬һʮϣ
Ҷв֮£Ҷٿͳ˿ͷ̫Ӱ῾ͰŽԸڵѪƳװһͰһͰ
Ҷ£̫Ӱ῵һͷųѪҶװһͰֱ̫ӰῲʹȥҶŰ֡
壬ͻָ̫ǿˣһ켸̫֮Ӱ῾Ҫ˺ʬ塣
ͰһĿ˴죬Եʳ
ȻҶڶջǧʮͰѪ
ڶ죬̫ӰῼǿҶɽһʳѾҶУǸʲôˡ
Ѫް
Ѫޣ
ʱ̫ӰֱƵ÷ųǧʮͰѪѪ̫Ӱһ㣬ƺûˡ
̫Ӱ῵ΪҲͨ񾳾۷徶ֱ䵽ͨأҶƣҪŸ̫Ӱ῵Ϊ䵽пܵġ
ϣҶոո̫ӰῷѪ̫Ӱ῵ĸˡ
ˣţӶˮ뱱ǣѾʮǰܵˮңˮ߾£Ѳ񽫷İ
𣿡Ҷ潣üһʱͺɵĵİûеһȥӭ
ԣİʱ;ˣˣˣٲ𣿡
𾪼䣬ҶѾǱһ̫Ӱῳգˣô㲻𣿡
İȻ
Ϣ󣬺ݺݵĭһĭģ죬˶£¸񣡡δ䣬İξѾƾʧ


1403 ҶĲ
籩УɫޱȵıµһڽĴٵűǽӽ
Ԧ꣬ǿĴڣÿ߶ڵĵطʱʮ౶˵ܼһıƸ˱ǰķ
һˮ̤ˮһ㣬ٶƾ˿˼ɡ
ˮЫߣҲУ˱Ĵ󲿶ӡ
ˮĺǿոյǰЩսܵˮΪᵽϢԷľۼ
ʱˮЫǰ£ʮܵĴˮĿȻߴʮ
˵ǺɨǺɨڵݣҲڻ¡
£ʮˮΪ壬ǼϱܹĴڣϰʮˮսܻɱɱ
˵ؾ뱱жԶһ·ļ٣ʵһ㣬һһŬڿ԰ҵưһòһŶ磬Ȼޱȡ
ǣʴӱΪТ˳Ӱ῵ϣƺʱģ̶ܳȣֱ޷ݡ
ȴˣһ춼û䡣
ǣνģ⼸üΣһĪļ¸Уģıܿˡ
ñһھٵĸоǸԳ壬ڱڴɱˡ
ˮЫ˵˱ӾҶ漤ŭӰ῵ֶΡӰ῵ֱַŭɶ
Ѿ⣬ֻҪܹɹľȻӣҪѪϴⱱΪӱѪޡ
˾´ܣԾܶԱսıʱֻǸС䣬ҲڵĴܣѾһһ䣬һһ
ֻƾõеľӾ·ͬһ㣬ǰսУпӰΰ²çײı֮
ĳǸûнıӾȳ֮ǰǲ״ɱ䣬üŭ˶Է
ǸʱڵսѪԣһ
浽˽Ҫͷǿһ궼ҪķӣΪĳЩƮһжķӣ
ǵĿǰΪֹûдɱйߵԭ
£ǾﻹһǧĿǰٶȣһʱͿԵִˮЫ
ȷ̫ӱڱǣʵ
£һ㣬¿ȷڱܱߵĽҪмͻˮ⼸ǸҶ棬ûн̫ӵ½ͳȥ
ԣһֻҪûͳȥǾͺð졣
ԵĴͳʱὫ²͵۶׷Ҫûˡ
£ǰʧɢˮ壬ƺ̫ӵ´ǰǰˮĻУͻطʮӰͻ˵
뷨̫ӾȻô̫ӵţǾһҪնʾڵġ
ʱϵӰ῵İΣȴЩ鶼ûС
£УȾȻ̫ӣص֮һһǣ˰ֵ

ˮЫƨƨ۵ȥ£ˣһ֮ˮЫȴЩŹֵĽʮ̫Ӱ῵˱ǰ
üһ壬ˮЫǰ£Щһ˵Ǵ˱ӾҶױţ
ţ
һͣ˫ĿĿһɨʮ̫ùڰȥֻһˣȻɪɪɸ߾һӹ˺üͨĲ飡
ӾҶױţôҪ򽵺̸̸Ҫ򽵺̸Ļ̫𣿡
ȻԸıӰڶԷУǱޱȵţʵġ
ģʶ࣬ǸӾҶ棬ӦùԹԵ͹ĶӣȻԲлǿɴȵԷһлת
Ŀһˮи߾ٵĲƾյķɵ˱С
ɨһۣףǼֱͨǿд򿪡
ָĨһˮǼɢۻչ˲飬ɨۣ۾͵ɵıͭ廹Ҫ
ǲϵĨȥɲǣǧУҶ΢΢һ¶һ˿Цݡ
֪ɳǼ²Ͳ飬Ѿˡ
İ飬ò棬аɣְ𣬾ǸҾ䣬ûоͨͨĴϢĽӽҡ
һͨϢĽӽңʾͺãģͲˣҶ潻
Ѳ񽫷İЩȻ˴ҶǰѾಫΪҶս׼
û뵽ٵˣҶ澹ȻһƮƮ֮ǰģȫһ
ǣˣİΣ
Ҷһסƣǰ뱣ңҲסңбֻ֮ҪɽҸͺã
סһ㱩¶ˣԶݣҪңҶȵ
⡭
Ű֮УѲ񽫷İҶķԸ
Ҳһɲǣ겯ıһɱһ۹⣬ǰʮˮŭսҶ῵꣬Ϊ𣿡
شŭģȴ죡
׵ġ
ڱǰˮԴ͵رѿİ׵ıһƬǵ鸮꣬Ҳ׵ıƬһ˿л궼û£Ĳˡ
ڱɫõɲǣˮȴޱȵĲҽ
·ֲޱȵ̾ʩϣˮཬ֮ǲҽһһ
˵ģǲҽͷ·õĿϹһ㣬˻亹ֱðʮˮˮĲҽĲѡ
ǣȴûгָɵˮɫվ￴ţˮҽУ˻
ò
ΪҶͨˮ͸Ƿⲯ˵ˣѾ̫Ӱս꣬ǰʮֻˮҲս̫Ӱһķս꣡
иѾ֪ݹ٣ж֮ǰһս֮ܣк
ǲҶԭȻ󣬾ڵһĻ
ˮޱȵĲҽһӣ͵Բ۾κһ㶼һ۲һӡ
һ֮Ҷ֮ݲеˮҽͻرʮϡ
ĸ˾Ƿһ㣬ʼץ˺Ը·ץ˺Ըһ㡣
Ƥ⡢ӡӡݣȣ׷ԸޱȺУǷһһѪޱȵ˺׷ɡ
һʱ䣬ͷ·𰢱ǵһ㡣
ͻȻ䣬ˮĺһֻͬһʱ˺ԸĿ£͵һ˺
Ե̻򳤵ͱԸ˺£Ȼ˦˱


1404 в
ˮŶʲӵԸǰͻȻʹ˸սһɺֱţ˫м䣬Ҳ͵һ
ǱˮЫбһλĴԼܹһĻˮͳͳһսŵĲᡣ
Щˮ壬˫һԼеļнԸҪʲ
һĻʵ̫ˣǶһԣֱײе˼£
飡
ͬʱԲеˮԴͬʱϣǵչʾҶǣܣҶҲǸһʹ졣
Ϣ֮󣬻عıɫһƬ
̫Ҷ˼ˡ
ҶвҪ˼а
ǱӾԶ̱ݵЩʵݣһǱҶֻҪԸ⣬ܶԶʱҪЩˮһ㣬ҪӰ῵
ɱΰֻҪҶԸ⣬ʱӰӰˡ
ԱĸУӶҲʲô̫ѵ顣
ǣǸӾĲ˵鼸Σ֪᲻᳹ױ

һһɲǣŭˣǾͨͨҹоһûн⿪һƵĿܣ
ʱ󣬾ͳüǿߣ겨𣬷׷оʣµˮꡣ
жͷȴûϣ
ģ˶֡
ӾȻᣬޱȵ
һΣӾҶһԸʮˮȻҶԶֶθɵ
˼
ⱱӾҶ棬оϵ
ģûоԵţôˮоأ
ǸӾȴƫƫˣ
£ˮо׵ģɵǱߵĳ룡
һˣףЩ£ûһܹ⿪ƣ
ȻԤϣǣ飬ȻԤϣ
ʱ֮УİŽǿߵĴ룬ϸоˮˡ
ǣȻûһˣܹϳǱӾʩչǺ
ЩаıԴ߶ϸ۲֮󣬱Ҳɵˡ
˵Щ£ԸҲϵ⵽Ǻ
˵ϵãһûз֡
Ϊ˽һĹ۲죬ϧ꣬ɺ޷֡
ñˣ
䣬湦طǣֻҪ֪ԷʲôֶΣ˺ַţչܹѰ
ڣǹ㲩ļʶ˵ϳǺ귨ţ߶ֲˡ
˲Ϣ䣬һֱס˺ĸо
ȥ⼸˵࣬ùϣ˭ϵͣ
ܹṩĽͣԸ
Ϣ֮󣬱һƽһ飬һ򱱺ǽ
ٴοΣ֮ǰŭգʱѾ硣
ӾҶ棬еĸ󣬸еɫ
Ȼ쵽սӰ῵
һȰ῵飬üޱȣޱȣ
ôķ꣬ǰ׾ģϢ֮󣬱´˼ļˮʹһˮ뿪ָ˷
һΣˮǰвӣˮЫͻر£쿴ǣƺ̫ӵ£
˵Ҳ˵ϵıӰΰʱıɫޱȵĲ԰ף֪ʲôԭϢȻ䵽ͨڡ
ҪǣƯһǣһֻȻˡ
̫ӰԸְ׵Ŵܺɫ꣬ʱϳǺɫ꣬ˮЫϵıӾҶһģһ
ӸҶ
һŭ𣬱ľ룬һĳ
һĳ·ؼеˮ£һ֮У·һ޴ĥһ㣬Ҷ浱ͷѹ¡
ѹıһµʱգһ£
Ҫ֪ǺĴ½
½ػգͳ̶ȣҶ֮ǰڵ½ٱϣǵͨĴڣԺ
һ֮Ѿﵽ˵ǿߵ
⣬һȥǽ۷ĴڣҪˣ
ڽ֮£ɣҶϣһ֮£ܻ᳹׵Ļޣ
һƳرɫˮ׷ױƺú˲ѡ
ǣƸµıӾҶ棬ȴ·ûһ㶢һµĿֲӡóһ˳ʵĴ
ۿӡ£ɲǣ·ħһ㣬ȻӲӡɢȥԼ
ˣҶװõĳȻŸ߿еıһЦǺǣ£ҶĳѾͬھĴ㣬Ѿ߶͵ӡأû뵽Ҳ˵Ѷϣ
ҶޱȵɣʵϣҶ淽ҲΪš
һʱʧأ
ȻǱʧ֣ҲɱҶģ
Ϊһ̣Ҷʮ׼
վ̫ӰῺͱǰѹͲҶҶӰĽ̫߰׵ıԴӹҵķ
Ҷ壬Զ֮ƲУңһС
ɫˣҶģвأݺĺв
Ǻǣ£ҶĳԷԱǲв¿Ծһ£Ҷĳϣ
Ȼһλ̫ӸҶĳᣬҲҶĳңҶЦ
ͻȻ䣬ҶЦһգֵȻµһûô˵ѾҶĳвòЭ
£ǴҶĳ̸һǼ֤ܲҶв
ѪһӾͳ嵽ϣ˲Ϣ䣬ֱѹ
ţҶ漸仰ٿǿģҶ̸
ǣȴףҶı֣ʨӴ󿪿ڣ
ңЭʨӴ󿪿ڣҲ޷׵Ļɣ
ҶӾűֻ֣Ǳ°ӣͬʱҲһᣬĻᣡͻȻ䣬һǵʣ
ʱʮˮ׷׹ڵأ
һݺᣬޱв
ڣһڣ˱̫ӰΰҽƣҪȻһ֮󣬱ǧˮ壬ͻѪϴ
ͬʱԦˮ󽫣ˮʹܱʮʱҿôܻʵ۽


1405 ף
ˮʹܱʮ
вҶݸһЦ£˵͵øϾͣҶĳ˫޳ɣ
һʱǳϺɫһöɢžԶϢĸݣһޱȵĪΪң
Ҷȴûεʼ磬û˼ֻǵľģҪͣ㻹ǿͣԽԽãģԽԽã
֪ģҴԾôϱߵͱϵɽ֮УɱҲûͷ
ߵħ壬ͷ̫Ӳ̫ÿУ
磬ƾŸݵҪûǸ¡
ҴǴССľͷˡ
ͣͣ
ֻҪˣҸұ֤ʮĴСͷر棬϶ȷһõ㹻ıˮԴŻϱأ
ޣˣʵʮĴСͷᷢٽݵһһĴСͷҲһţ
⣬¿ʱ̫ˣ֪սģţǱڵݣȻʵãеģڸǿĺԭݣǱ䣡
ޣһ£ĺԭѾԭɣֻҪǸ
˵ԭ׼һ
ôͷҪ뷷⣬û㹻ľǲܵģ
¿Ծͣ룬ˮĿ㹻࣬һҲǲţҶĻñˮɫȴЦ
㵱Ŵģұˮֲģɱұˮ壬͵ƾЩطϵľͷɱұˮǧ壬ٵǧ
ߣǧս𣿡˵꣬һЦ
ǧ򡭡
Ҷҡҡͷ£Ǳޱȵ˿ڲ࣡ǣ֪֮ǰĺԭҲڵĺԭж˿
ԭӵʮĿÿ˿ڽһ֮ϣԭʮڣʮأ
ܵЩͷԣΪ˾ʲôɲ
ԣ㾡ܵͣϽģʱ򣬱ӾĲɣṩһЩ鱨Ҳ㹻ˣҲʲô̫ѵ飡
Ҷһ̯˫֣һģβģıֱѪ
ǣʮףҶ˵ǧȷݷ滹
ܵ۹ĳЩǼֱ޵
˵ģ˵һ㣬
ڴܹڣÿ챻ܵԸԭŪûаҲʮʮˡ
ǣЩȴû˹ܡ
ЩŪһЩͨգƵġ
ǣЩ壬ȴУ
塢塢ħ͵͵Ūգ˻Ƿ²ûɶ⡣
Զ࣬ǳɽƵʱͻôܱɷϻݣ
ҲǱˮɵҪԭ򡪡ԲƳأڿ֮ӣɱسǣǾ͵ɣ
⻹Ǳڱ߿ԭҪڴܸأ˵һسǣһСƾҲôܴ
ȻĳСƽλܹɵģ£Ҳʹ»СС»ˡ
ԣ𿴱ףˮ͸ʮң治ң
ˣôɱʰһʰ
㱱ֳĬ鷳ֻҪݴսһʵıĺҲ͵ˡ
֮УȱľЩÿһڰĶ֮λˮ
ߣк֮£ˮʮ飬ʱһǱͲڱķΧ֮ˣ
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һ֣ˮͻһ󶯵ˮͺƺƵǰУĿĵģһˮǰʮİա
ϢĹ򣬽ʮ²ͱЩˮǿǰһһι״Ըָ͵Ĵ󵶾͸߸ߵľ
ķ²Ŀǰץʮ򣬸ķ²ԴԴϵѺ˹Ȼ㲻ű̫ӣǱɱΪֹɱ̫ϵĽΪֹһ֣Ҫʼɱˣ
ȱ´ޱȵķ·ɱһĲҽͶ쳹
ҽǱ˷ģ̫Ӱῡ
Ҷһ߶̫Ӱ῾໵һɤӣҽһֱԳ壬Һţֻצͷ·Ըһ㣬˺Ըۡ
ͣ
צһһƬ˶ıɫ۾ͱ˺£̫Ӱ῾ʹĻһ飬۽µĵطѪģǣʹ꣬һצֽһۣʹĻҽС
һĻûñϢǱ߬һʹֱը
˵ǣҶĿ£̫ӰԸӳȥۣһƬƬҶ档
̫ӰῴʱҲ̲ס־壬ޱȵĺȡҡ졭ȡ
ҶڵĽ̫Ӱ´µս˴ָܺãƬ۶ܣɲڻ£
ˣǡƤȫĺòϡ
̫ӰĲҺñʹĲһҶĻȴñŭ£˲Ϣ䱩ˣ
쵰ɱ㣡
һŭлùһӰǰһû˷ӳѾ˵Ҷǰһ·ˮһ޲Ҷ壬һ·һˮͬʱҶ棡
Ȼŭмǵģ֪ҶĿǰֻܣɱ
ŵѲ񽫷İͻشһ飬һȫֵͬʱԺҶ괫𣬡û£Ҫ֣
ͬʱޣͲҶ壬Ҷ壬Ҷ壬ͻȻ䵱ɢ
ŭ׵ıͻȻǱͷһˮһ㣬ɫѩѩ׵ģ
ֱɱҶ棬ܽİӣҲпܻᱻ
ֵĿһԸ˻İӣֱסֻһյ·ʱ͵غסĿڣ˼

ֻһ
һɲǣȱҶŭʹ˷쳹
㼤ŭˣɹļŭˣף㣡
ף㡯ǳβɲǣ̫Ӱ῵ĲҽͻȻͱ֮ǰʮ࣡
ȡҡ
ޱȵĲҽУ̫ӰǰϵֻצһԴһ䣬ֻצٶԸԴϵǣ
Σŵıǻɢ
ǣͬʱҲǸط֮ǣޱȣ۶ϰǣǿԻָ˫ȫ۶ϣ̫Ӱΰ¾ǳ׵ķˣ
Ҫ
һŭ𣬱һΣͲһе̫Ӱΰ


1406 ս
ῶס֣
ŭһһе̫ӰΰֹԲеΪ˵ǰȻ֣Գ̫Ӱΰ̫ˡ
£ХһһΣֱԳ壬ʱһ޷ݵѹɢ˵ͷһĪĿ־塣
ЩˮǽĴǣȴɵˣ
ˣǺԳ壿
ȻһССӾƵԳ壡
Աΰ޾޴צ˲ϢץСһ㣬̫ӰԲеֻǰצס
ϧǣ̫Ӱ῵ˣҶ棡
Ҷ΢΢һ̫Ӱ῵ֻޱȵצĲ˱ĸ
Сġ֪Ըڸʲô޷Ը̫Ӱ῵ķļ
ķӦҲν죬Щˡ
ۣ
̫Ӱ῵ֻצͲ˱ڣײͱӦıֻצסˡ
һĻֱӽһ亹ŭ㱰ɡ
ɻ꣬İϵ̫Ӱΰſڣݺݵҧ˱
һΣ˷СĶɲǣ̫Ӱ῵ѪڣȴֺݺݵҧԸǰצ
ˣΪٴֻۣܽԴȥû취ĸצӣȫˡ
˲Ϣ䣬ͱ̫Ӱһҧ˸Ѫ
ھĴҹ󣬱ʱͷӦˣһ̹ˮ޷ɳʱͽ̫Ӱ˸ʵʵ
Ȼһƣͽ̫Ӱû˹ȥ
һ»ָΣʱĨһ亹
ǣûܹȴǣͲǣˡ
ѾСĶصǧ׵Ҷ棬Ƕظһ˿Ц͵һߣ
һɲǣѾԵ̫Ӱΰ໵ķһɤӼУթʬһ㣬͵ԭʮף
ÿһΣ̫Ӱ῵Īĳ鴤һΣÿ鴤һΣ̫Ӱ῵Ϣһ֡
޴ıæȥ湦طϣ޷ֹӵĲҺ鴤
֮£ĽĶӰ῰ģ߶ޱȵڰӰ῵һ磬ͼҶƣ
ǣǣֱӴ̫Ӱ῵챾ԴгһƷַֻֻ꣬뱾֮ϵԴϵ
һͨͨ磬ƣѹܣ
ŰӲϳ鴤壬ֱһַĸо
ɱˣҿʼɱ
ɱֹͣΪֹ״
һɲǣӦǣ̫Ӱ῵ĳ鴤֮ǰʮϣϢٶȸǼӿʮ࣡
£ֻҪʱİӰ῾ͻɢɢ
˵ʱֻҪӣӵ걾Դͻ磬򳹵ױɷˣһ㣬ֱӱɰ׳գ
٣ɱԿɱⱱİգҶ˷
˫ȴûҳҶڵķ
ΪĿǰõĽӾҶ棬ȻҶ棬Ҷһֱ˯ȻѰҽ취
ǣҶȴᣡ
Ҷ棬ҶԱİ¶֣ͲˣûһˣˣҪñ˼ˣ򣬱һԹޱȵĺ

ҶȴſޱȵĴЦүˣҲүǺ񣬺˼ˣ
˵УΣ
ʱǿԿĿ죬ɱĿ죡
ֻһŶ簡һ͵͵
Ҷ仰ǻ˱Ҫһ㣬˲ϢйƤһ㣬˲Ϣήȥ
һһĲҽÿһͷһ㣡
ؼǣΰһŶ簡
ףҶȻ֪һ㣬൱ҪڰӵǰնҪģ

һʱ䣬֣̫ӰΰЩ簮ˣͲӦ÷˷˰
٣ҲõȰ῵ΪͻƵڣٴѪдеҲڱȻ˿꣬˱³
һ̾յˣǣúõ̸һ̸
һ仰ʵŵѲ񽫷İصɴ۾һ˲䣬ҶֱԸӣ
һ˲䣬ҶֱżڱĿֲǰѲ񽫣Ǻ˳Ҷ棬ȴܸţ
̸ҿûǸӣҶЦ
ס֣ô̸ԣӰΏڳ鴤ҽУŭе
Ҽסˣ̸ĹУκβľٶߣ׵ģҵͣ޶ȵģҶȵ
ǿŭ˵ͷİӰΰڲҽг鴤š
ñķŭˣѾӦ̸ˣΪʲôֹͣ
һ£ȷ˱²ʮ򱱺գͬʱĸˮֹͣӣѾӵı
յˮɱ¾ϢһˣͳӰ῵һ飬챾Դɢһ֣
ˣǰٴΣ
ʱ򣬿Ӳұն࣡
һ⻰ͼˣĽУѾȷҶһɱΪĺ˵ˡ
Ҫ˵ֻҪһǧձɱӰ῾군ˣ
һɲǣͬһʱóʮĸݣ߶ͬʱ´ֹֹͣͣһнΪ˻غ˭ҪǸɱκһ壬ֱڵˮˮˮһ˵ȣ
Ŀһ£һЩˮ廹£Щˮˮɲô
˭ɱ˭
˭ҲԼСģ
ˣϷˣ
֮󣬱ܻĳˮЩˮæķˣҽг鴤ŵ̫ӰһɣͻȻֹͣ˳鴤
鴤ֹͣˣֻˣһ㵹˵ϣƺ˵Ҳûˡ
ˮͷŵƽգԾ£˾֮£ɶеķݸлҶ֮æ뿪Ǹм֮ɫ
˵һӽͻ᳹׵ġ
ӾҶΪҼһʼҶλȴǺˡ
ҶֹͣĶӣæȥһٴκˣȴסûз
ӵ״̬ܲ˼£˼˱Դ
޿ɾҩȥֻ֮ҪŪĵر꣬ͻ᳹ް
ǣŵĥٶϰӣǿɾ˵ˡ
ҶҲһɲ𣬡£ڣǿԿʼ̸̸ս˰ɣ


1407 ʨӴ󿪿
սճһۣȻ޷ȷҶڵķ
һ£ףǴܵ壬ǱɺҲǺĴ½Ĵͳ
ǣսͲˡǴܻǱˮ廹ǺĴ½δ˵ս˵˵
ʵԱļʶһսĸ֣ȻǰûҲĸֵ˼ҲҶҪʲôֻǴװͿˡ
Ĵ½սڴ֮ǰʵеѪߣľȫνսԸá
ģԷҲеܾսսˣħ壬ĺˮ壬塣
壬ţһĴڣǴɱô壬ҪսĴȥɡ
ӾͶˣҲģ
ֱͶħĻ
ҶűӣȴЩ
ȻδйҶĳͿĴ½սĿˣҲʷˣҶЦ
ʷ
ʷˣˣҶӾԵ̫̫͵ĺһڳԳӣһҭﺬ֮⡣
һ㣬Ͳ·ˡ
ҶЦɲǣӰͻشƲĳ֣䵽˱ǰǧ֮
ͫһһֳȥҶĳ嶯ֻҪҶ棬ȻֹĻԣдѵʱ䳹׵ľȳİӡ
ǣǰǸȴñ費ѣٴʧ֣ôӰ῿ɾ͡
֮ҶͻһЦ££һģǻ
ϣͻȻд֮ɫ
ǰҶ棬еͬʱһģһҶ档
һģһҶУԱΪȻ޷жϳǰ߸Ҷ棬ĸ壬ĸǻ
ñ𾪵ԭ
ʲôΪֻһţǾǵĴڡ
ڽУһĴڣ
Ҷ棬ֻǸ۷СϺףǣȴҶʵ
ǰ߸Ҷ֮УֻһǼٵģĿȴǿκ
ЦҶ涯̫׵ıԴ۵ĻĽ߰Ļ˵Դ۵Ļ˵ǽǵϵĴڣҲǿƵġ
һЩӵпԿ͸ϵ츳ͨĴڣпƵĿܡ
ڱֻС棬ͱˡ
ͷһӰҲԾκҶжһҪССģٽ
һҪȷҶ֮󣬲ж
ҪȻðȻжܿİӰٴش
ϧǣǲ´ˡ
ǰ߸Ҷ棬ûһҶ壬Ҷı壬ڵصǧʯ֮У߸Ҷ棬ȫǻ
Ҷ֮һ档
۽̸нΣӽ󣬱ҹҹıҶ档
һж֮ǰҪСˣǲСֻ׽ҶĻж¶ôҶıɲǺóܵġ
һΣҶͬʱɢֻʣ´ڱǰĻóһöӸ
£̫ӰЩʱֱǱɵĶ෽ʧ̸ֻⷽʧǲп̸ܽӰ῵⣡
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ƢãһˬϲһЩ飡ʱİӰʲộɱң
˶гһС죬϶У˸ޱȵ׹⡣
в
Ҷǳв
Դӻƺǵһα˵в
û취вţţ
Ҷ˼ܼ򵥣㲻̸սҾͲ̸𣬲̸𣬱ǿԽ̫Ӱῴȥ
ǣҶÿһ߶һĶӰῳ鴤һΣ󹬣ǾҪɹˡ
ʱӲҪˡ
ԣһ仰ҶͱƵñֻε̸Ĵ½ĵһսˣεĿҶг
ʲôˮɱһⲻܣұˮҪǽΪūôɱôıգ
ңǱ£Ҳǧ˿ڰɣʮ֮һɱˣ𣿡еĵһݣñĴ
Ҷ۾ȴһɣұ¸Աʧ嵥ʧٵĶûأҪǾĿԣӾͷϢǣͳͳƣ
Ҷ濴ƺĵĻشȴñѡ
ھϵ⣬Ҷȥͳͳ
ֲǵһ죬ұ֤ǸҶȥͳһֲ˵һӸɣûκġ
ȻԣŶ˿ڣˮôֱӾ͸ɵʮ֮һ˿أ
ʵϣݣҶǽ´ȳİգţɽȳʮ²ĿҲȥصġ
һ֮УһˣȫǷ²ȷǧˣǧˣʧٵС
¹ԱĻ˵ͶǻģЩʧٵİգˮϮ֮ǰˮ֮󣬴󲿷ֶ³֡
ÿʮƷʯⲻܣǴܵİգū׳ĳӣҲͰƷʯļ۸񣡡ɵ
Ҳ˵ˣƷʯūļ۸񡣵ǣҴǺѪᣬεȵ󣬱Щνū߹ֹٱ
˵ʵҶĳûҪٱÿʮƷʯļ۸ѾǺˡ
һһѪûҲ
ޣ
ĹƣˮŪ壬Բᳬ򣬵ҶȴĿ˶ʮϣѾ޳ˣ
һ飬һƷʯѾˣǴܵİգȫҵʲҲһƷʯ˵
һ飬ܣſ飬ҲþſƷʯ
ſԲܡ

ʱĿˮĽ֮󣬼۸һƷʯ
ñЩοҶ濪˵һ룬ǼһʧϾҶҪҪ治ɿҧһڼۣͬҲͬ⡣
۸ʹȻӵбӽʮ֮һĵ̣ǺεȵĹȻǶʮ֮һĵ̣Ҳֵϴܵϰٸݣ
һˣÿƷʯ⳥ǾʮƷʯ
Ʒʯ
൱ڶƷʯ
ţֱ۵֣һʮ֮һһ룡
۲Ź֡
Ͼıӵеĵϣ൱ڴܵϰٸݣ룬ȴϰٸݵʮ֮һûС
սʿǧˣ߶ʮǧˡ⡭㱱һʮʿɣǽȫ˰ɣſڽĿҶ档
£˵ûΪӦ̫Ӱָӵһ֣Ǳʿսˣ˵ʵһûȥأҶ˵
ǡһεսȫƾеôôࣿһĲţ
ˮЫĻرУʿ߶࣬սĿԲᳬ
ʵϣˮЫ鱨ǲ׼ȷʿһǧˣߣʮҡ
ôõܵĻᣬҶŲã˷ˡ
˵ʵʿֻǧˣǻҶƤٶ࣬ʵǲ˼űôһֵġ
£˵ڣЩӵıˮ壬µĴǵսڵ֣ǲȫͳƣҪӾýͳһ£Ҷһĵʵ
һף
ֱѪ
ͳƣĿֻ࣡
ʱֻܴݺѪˣ
Ȼǰ߶óƷʯˣõҲʲô£
һɲǣһҶ濪⳥ȻԱϵҲսһҪһǧƷʯĸ˵ģҪһٿƷʯ
ʿʮƷʯҲĲ˰ɣĿܣ
ϵģһΣҶȴûбּۻֵۣ£̸һĿ֮ǰȸո̸õ⳥յսȻټ̸
ⲻܣһʱ䣬ޱȵľܾˣȫ̸֧꣬
ֲɵǸˣº̸УԽԽѣ
ǣҶȱлҪ
ȻˣǾû̸ıҪˣ˵꣬Ҷתߣ

ԭأҶתߵıӰ׹䣬֣ȴֲң
ǣȴܷҶ뿪
һͶµҶǰӸµҶӾʲôǿú̸
ȻһλĴڶţҶɺηĵ۱ǧ򣬸ҶһССǲܽ쵱յԺʲôȥҪ
ǣһ˵㻰ңǱһԵĽ㣬ԸĨʣвΣҲĵǣ
·ģҴܹ壬Ҷ棬ҲˣԲ飡
֮Ҷһ߼ҪңǾģǣȴǣ̫ǿˣ°
һ۱촽ĥƣҲã
ݱһ˵
һΣҶӦˬޱȣˡ
תԭصıӻȡһ˸ĸݣĸݺԭ
ܿģĸݽ
ˣǱˣܱίɵıة˱ϱҶ͹Ǽʩչ̫ӰһģһˮеĵǺֽǿһüĿ͸Ͻر
£ϰλϣûһϵ⵽Ǻսطʾǹҵһͥ˯ڣϹʱʹڡ
õһüĿ
λ˵һַǳϵ̫ʱ̫ʱһǾǱƵ֮Уûжٺۼ
ǺҪʩܷ˫֪Ҳ֮
˵ˣ̫ʱΪԵҲΪѣĿǰõİ취ǽʩܣҵһʱŪԣſѰ
ةĻرñɫˢֲҰ˼֡
ȻѲ̫ʱ򣬱һ˹ĸо
£Ѱˣ
ϧһŶ簡ΨһѪˡ
һ෽ʹҲпܣȴ̵ܡ
ô£Эʲô
ϾƸû˿׬ûˣʲôûˡ
֮Ҷļ£εĽ˵һʮƷʯ
Ϊ˽ĴڣĽ۷塢ֻ벽ĴڣڿٵСѾǳˣǽһصĴڣھ㿪ٳһС磬˵ȶȶСҲﵽСȲһĴָ
ԣĴڣʱĲƻȫԸڿٳС֮УЯ
ޱȵİȫܵǸɵ޷õƻһ˿һġ
ϣųɵĲƸڱϡ
Ŀͷͺðˡ
ʿ˷˴ĿˮҶò£ʿÿһٿƷʯʿÿʮƷʯս
գٴθҶ潻߰ʮƷʯ
ҶڵĿӣʼչ
ĿˮָɵĲƲʧ緿ݽ٣ΧǴľʧȵȣũʧȵȡ
һ˷˰ˮ֮ҶõİƷʯ
ĸĿҶгؽķãһãߴ˰Ʒʯ
ңӵĸĿʼҶ̬ȱǿӲ
±ĥƤӣŭҲֻǽ˰Ʒʯ˸ۣҲ޷ǰĿһ㣬ֱӿһˡ
գʹޱȵָҶʮƷʯ
ˣѾ⸶ҶǧʮƷʯˣϣĿ൱ҶĿǰıһĴ룬ţһ꣡
սûꡣ
ҶгսһĿĵľе
仰˵Ҷ浱ɱʮˮĵķʸ鱬ħʸʸս𻵵ľеսĵݡ̣ȵһսģ
ֱ˵ҿһͷЩӲҵĵұ˼ȱڣڣҵǮ
һǧƷʯ
Ŀʱ򣬱ѪӣĶҶ棬޲õͽҶ˺Ƭ
̫޳ˣ
ôãһμô޳ܵļһ
㿳ұ˵Ҫ㵶ǮⱾ͹޳ܵģ
ǣҶıֻʮѣһֻʮģսеľģ˵һǧƷʯһʮƷʯҲܣ
ǣҶĿȴеʸ֧ټܵȵȵȵȣ
Ҷߵȫģǵˮ˵𻵣ӴûӴ
ʨӴ󿪿ڣ
ʨӴ󿪿ڣ
ҶӾޱȵĳ̸£㣬ȴһٶñĳⲻ£ʨӴ󿪿ڣ㵱ɵ𣿡Ҳ̲סıҶŭ
ҶĲһϱϵĿˮ·ûһʼ磬ȻıӾʨӴ󿪿ڣ޷ܣôͱ̸ˣ
ҲˣǾɢ
˵꣬ҶʩʩȻƨϵ·ûһתߡ
ȴˣɵˣ
Ҷʮ˴ģѾǧƷʯսȴƨ˵߾ߣ˵̸ˡ
޳ܵ
ؿڷ·һҵţͻȻ䣬һһѪˡ
ŭ֮£ȻҶ޳ܵľٶˣ


1408 Լ
ѣԳǣֻʮƷʯգѡ
ϾǧʯӳȥˣҲһˡ
Ҷͣס˽ŲȴûлͷһǧƷʯޣĿû̸
˵꣬ҶԭͣϢϢ֮ûҶٴξٲ
Ҷ̧ŵɲǣһǧһǧ򣬱ˣ
Ϣ֮ҶЦеתصǰ֣ʯأ
һαҶףǻûиҶնģôⱲӣҲͰ׻ˡ
һ£ȳ̸ߵһԵȫ㣡һ浱ҪȥпܱҪȥ
ǼģҶҲ֪þգ죬ѾڵˣǱƵ̫ȻҪգҲʲô顣
ս̸ˣǾ̸Ӱ῵ɡҶ˵
ۣǱˣֻ˵֣ĿĶҶ档
Ѿ⣬պֻҪлᣬԻǰҶģϡ
һ
Ҷűĸָһӽ𣬱ˮ壬ӱͬʱ֮ڣǱ֮أˮ岻˷ˡ
ˮٴεǰһΣҾʹ߶һΣ洬һΣҾʹ߶һΡ
Ҫ󣬲ݣ˵ͷȴֲˮ壬ֻбıһңֻܱ֤ȫԼˮ壬ˮ塭
ǣǱˮȴȫǱϽ֮أҶֱӴ˱Ļˮ壬Ҫ˷ˣҲǵĵϣҲǵ⣡
Ҿһ仰κˮϰӣұҾͻӣ
ǽиûκΣգǵ˵ͷ£ûʲôֻۣҪӦÿԡ
ڶӽ𣬷ҶŵĴֻǱˮʻһͨ裬κˮ壬˷˹ȵȣҾ͡
֪ʰҶһƣ飬ֱ˹ˣʲôʰΪҪЮƫƫûΡ
ڶҲֻǱһ飬Ȼ˳ͨ
ĵرޱȷḻϣҶĳҲҪϱߵϣɣ˵ţҶӳһ
ӹһüͷҶоٵĵرһ֣оųɾţڱںܳĵر㲻
ԣҲ̫ࡣ
¹ޱȣĵرҶɵĵرҲǱµĲѣɣǱĲ
һɣһĲʣµһ֮УаɿҪĻۣܹ°
Щȫ
ƳһĲֱëë꣬
漰ĵرͷǳϡˣľĲݣˮʥɰ澧ˮĵرǱջҲǳޡ
ҪչûһĹǲܵġ
Ķԣʮһ˵
նʮ֮һⲻܣ٣ҲʮҶֵ
ʮԣǱϣĿǰֻʮⶫǱһĲһﶼûС
ǱһԱ֤ǧĹӦÿÿǧְꡭ
ȱ˵꣬ҶҡͷˣʮʮҿɲҶȥҶ˵
ԣһЦҶĻ˵㣬ʵϣǧϱߵĵرòʮȴûġ
ҪҶУַӽʺ
Ҷߣȴֻˡ
ĵرÿһĵرľˮʥɰˮǿƷϣΪ
ܵһЩϣһγָʮٽģͷˣһõʮҶѾˡ
ðɣһʮ޵ҸҪһţҪռϣ⣬ƷʯҪһ飬ƷʯҪһٿ飡
˵ţҶٴʧһͬʱ£㰮̫Ӱ῵ݣҶĳ𣬲ɣ
⣬Ȼʱʹ̫ٵĻڱ֮ˣһֱ͡
ĿϣҶսҪصĶࡣ
Ȼ𣬲࣬ҲԲ٣
Щ㡢޾ڻ£һţñȥɱ
ֻṩһٿţ
УƷʯûУ⣬ϡƷʯ
ٴοۣҶȴͻأ𣬡ƷʯĿһ鶼٣Ǿû̸ˣ
Ҷ仰ֱӽҭ˸ֱӽߵĻ˻ȥ
ԭֻṩһǧƷʯģҶģʹЭˡ
ΪΪֹѾ̸ˣ㣬ٷѿˡ
Ҷ֮Լ֣ΪһƷʯҪ
ˣҶүȻ̸ˡô̸һ̸ʲôʱҶϵƣʵһؼ⡣
󣡡
һһ⿪ϵƣҶ˵
һ̫ˣڣҽȫ⿪ϵƣȻ֪ⲻܣǳһ¡
ⲻܣ
ԴˮˣŻҶһļ£Ҫ⿪Ӱ῵ƣͻѪϴɣ
ҡҡͷʵϣȴ϶Ҷ˵
ҶӵѪϴʮˡ
꣬һ֮һ⿪ӰϵƣֻҪǲΥеԼǾԲ߶Ƶģ
ڱ֤ҾģⲻҪ
ΪǰҶĳʵڲֵһᣬҪǣⱱҶĳķأ⣬ⱱΪҶĳһӵķءҶһȻ˵
ǣģһʱ䣬̫ˣʮꡭ
ȱ˵꣬ҶѾͷҡĸ˹һ㣬£㲻Ҫ˵ˣһϣּۻ۵Ŀܣ
Ҳףﲻһ㣬õҲ죡㲻ͬ⣬뽫ʱ䶨Ϊǧ꣬һǧԺ󣡡
ԣһޱѶȿЦݣǻ˰ɣͰɣ
һʱ䣬Ԫƾõԣǵָһһ㣬ȵ
ңҲľָҶӰϵơ
ˮ֮УԪģ֪ĺ֮ͥУŲٴ̫ʱĿֲڡ
ͲˣˮⲻһСС岼µơ
⿪ϵ֮ʱѪϴҶʱ̣


1409 ʹ
Уڽ𵱳Ҷ֮󣬱ϣһ֣ʹһˮ˵һɶʵϣȴڵһʱеƲ֮С
ȻĶǼװսָҶ档
Ҷɨһգתߵʱ򣬱˫һĿͷ·𼴽˻ӥһ㣬סҶΡ
ޱȻǣǸҶߵһƬݴеʱͻȻɢˣŵĴָҲ˲ݴ֮С
Ȼǻ޺޵Ŀۣҷûж֡
ͻȻ䣬һŴҶݴеĴָȻȫƾʧˡ
̶̵һɲǼ䣬ƾʧˡ
ֶΣֱ
Цʱ΢΢һʱ׷ӡǵλþĳ˱֮С
ĺôɲǺռġ
õĴָȫе׷ӡǡ
ΪģһҵҶĻᡣ
ֻҪҶ棬ӰڵƾͿ̵ʱڽͬʱҲҪ֪ıˣɲǺռġ
һɲǼ䣬ǼöָڵλãλãȴЩŹ֡
Ȼڵصף
һڷٵŵص׶ȥ
һﾫ֮ͨޱȵŭ
ȻصҲ㲻׷ɱһ·ڵص׷ɱǶ̫ӣǼŭҶ棬ٴĥӣһʨӴ󿪿ڣ鷳ˡ
£С׷٣ͲˣҶ棬һӴڵصӣ
ǣȱüëһǼöָϵ׷ӡǣȫ飡
£׵ʧȥĿ꣡
ԭ˰ΣŻ׷ˮ峷˵ĴߣҶģҪᣬ򣬱һ
ῶ꣬ģĴɱǲˣֻɳŻСӣ
Ȼˮ岻УôأأЦ

±ϢֲֿϢʧҶһڵص׿ݳǧŸҴӵصðͷ
۷塢ıʵֲ̫ˡ
Ҷ֪һԲ׵ķ뿪ȻҶҪָҳ׷ӡ
ҲҿҶɫΪǿҪȻˣǷ׷ӡҲû취顣
İһسǵϢҶϢĻת
صҶ棬û
˱һʣлűӰƣбŹ޿ܡ
ҶԤ϶뾡Ҷ棬ǲֶε֡
Ҷģδ꣬˯ҪСġ
ԲĿظϢ
Ҫ֪ϹޱȵĿ㣬ܶԱ޷֪ɳʲôĴԸҶ档
˵ֻҪҶ湫¶һΣͻᱻϡ
Ҷģδӣǲùﶼĵġ
һ뵽ӣҶһͷƤĸоܣɲǺõġ
ΪԼҶģڵصףòѡ
ܴҶõı٣˯Ⱦ
һˣҶڱǵصתһȦ˸ʵĵط׼ȷڵص׸Լҡ
һչȥҶڵص׵ľҾŪ˸š
һⰵյͨҶЩơ
ͻȻ䣬ҶͷһΪʲôҪڱأ
ֻҪڱǣ´ڵصףֻҪģҲܹ˿켣
뿪˱ǣ֮󣬱ɳĸţȣҲǰ״
ϸ룬Ҷģ·رĿԣġ
ȣľȫĿ֮£ҳϣǲ˵ġ
ĿǰˮѾҪ񣬾ֺؽָ
ⷽ棬Ҷ沢óǣżڱ֤ҳϵǰ£Ӧÿ¡
˵ģżһٶ飬ǿʵʵģҶֻҪһµķ򣬾á
·棬ˮѳħģֻûУξƜWҲû⡣
ټϹ졢ŵϣûκġ
ڶ·ѲʹʱǲģĿǰΨһؽЩҶϵҲ󣬽İţͺá
£Ҷģ뿪꣬Ҳûġ
Ҷǰ̫Ӱϣɻ˼ĸݣֳˮĸݣѶΪ㡣
Զľ룬ֻҪһ֮ڣԴ
ּĸݣȱˮ壬ҲΪϡңÿһĸݵʹ÷һ
Ҷ²̫Ӱΰ̫Ӱ῵ϵõĸݣͬʱΪ̫Ӱ῵ԭ򣬲Ŵ̫Ӱϵõʹ÷
ҪȻõĸݣҲûΡ
ĸݣʲô޷ļ£ҲԽϵҶ档
ñҲңܱܿΣգֱܰһôˣ
ܿģҶ˾
ȻҪ뿪δĴµķչԣҶҪȻ󣬲ܷĵĽż
һԶĹ滮Ҷڵصǰǰʱ䣬ų׵Ķ
Ҷ洫ѶżξƜWİ㡢졢ţţھӪ¡
˵£ʵʾҶ
ҶȽĿǰνһ󣬾ͷֱھ¡¡еڶ·Ѳʹ´Ŀꡣ
ھҶξƜWĿ꣬ǳļֱֱ֮ڣĿ䵽ʮ
ͬʱȫϿżţɽĺڻҪܱ߳ˮɧŵĿصҲȫɰ
֮ڱ˿ǧôҶҪξƜWĿ䵽һ
ʿװǶҶԣ⡣
ˣȱǱ˿ĿͻƵǧĿ꣬ҲѣǿɣǻӰ챱
ȿξƜW˵꣬ҶһöָȥߣƷʯʮ׾е
ƷʯʱƜWʲô˵ˣֻҪ㹻ľѣ˵ǻ򣬾Ҳǲܡ
ƷʯһڿƷʯľѣ㹻ˣ˵пظ֧ˡ
˾ŵĻ·棬ͼ򵥶ˡ
ҪǷչȫ˿ڣͬģҶθ˿żƷʯΪؽ͸ȡ
Ѳ˾棬Ǿ͸ˡ
ȫţİҶֻܲǮǣ
ҶţֻҪ㹻ʽ˾̵ܹʱ佫ڶ·Ѳʹؽ
ϸ񣬻Ӧ֮һһӦ֮Ҷ½ͻٻر
ʹ


1410 ƽͨ
ϳкġ硢ʥگԻһȱӾҶڵ֮򣬼ðڡĪɡξؽλΪȱ
ǸصʹҶĺͬʱ˽ΪȱӡġΡ̵
󣬻Ҷʼ¡۵Ŀͣ򱱺ˮϮսٷϴˣҶȫ£ػתл
ҶڵĴ뿪˱ӪĻתأܻδ֪գּ
Ȼּ֮ΪҶıַǳʵԭ
Ѳŵ˵ϴǧŵĸ³ؾɽҪǣҶڱѲѾվ˽Ÿ
ͬһһ㣬һĶȥҪٰγǿɾˡ
ּҶҲֵڡ
һξλҶ沢ðû̫ϲ
ΪҶ֮ǰƸõķصԭһνҲһŵı仯Ӿ˲ûʲôʵԵĺô
ȻҲ˵ûУȨӾǺܷḻġ
Թ鵤֮ǰһӾʮֿƷ鵤ޣֱӷһ࣬ﵽ˶ʮš
ʮƷ鵤õһҲܻ١
ĿǰҶֻ鵤Ŀ࣬Ŀóȥ׬ʯأ
ңʮƷ鵤ȥĿܶ࣬ۺϳٶȸ̺Ʒ鵤ʮŶѡ
ѹá
ҶĿǰΪһĵʮƷ鵤һٿţһǧٿţƷ鵤Ʒʯ֮Ķһ̺һһ
֮㣬ҶҪܳյһƷ鵤
ʵϣκˣƷ鵤ٶȣҪƷ鵤
ʣ˶죬ҶĿǰٶȣһƷ鵤ֻŸ¶ѡ
ңΪϵĻۣ鵤ٶȣҲӦҶƣΪͻƵ֮ͨһƷ鵤ܹ֧꣬͹ˡ
һ㣬ʮƷ鵤ѹࡣ
ϾҶ滹ҪʹµȣҶصѲţʮѲԣԼξƜWѡеļλ˧ˣ˵ģҪҶ
ҶΪѲ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹⷽҲһȨСèǰӳֹǻһЩ治á
ҶʹѲԺ;˧ǵ鵤Ʒ鵤̫ˣƷ鵤ʵ治
֮⣬λΪһЩȨ˾Ǽӳֵĸַλȵȡ
ǰּʹҶ浱͵űٹٵģرչؿޣͻƣһӦ񣬽ɿżξƜW
ͬʱİΪѲʹԴһвƺżƜW
ҹҶϢĴӵص׶룬뿪˱
Ҷ˴ҪΪ˱ܻԣ뿪֮ʣҶٴʩչֶΡݣ
ΪҶеĵһվǱµˮҶոպ˱һͨ˼ҵ̫ӰΰٴҡڵĽµˮǾ鷳
ǸˮǸˮҪͷˡ
ˮȥû˺绽ԭ򣬱ڵĴ꣬ѾֹͣˣҶƲСèſյķأĪڴ
֪Ҷת֮ʱķرܱ̱ܲ鲼
Ҷ温뺣һڣͷ·һһֱ΢΢ɢĺѹ÷ԲʮΪµˮŰ˹ȥ
żֵͨ񾳵ˮҶɢĺѹ֮£ҲǻκΡ
Ҷȥʥηɰǣֱ꣬Ҳ֪ˡ
һҶηɰϵʱηɰ˵縲ʥˣʦηɰϲǵӣֱ˵ʥˣô縲ʥܵˣ;Բᡣ
ȥληɰ֮⣬ҶתʥˮҪĿģǴת½һˡ
Ҷʽ٣ûıʣҶһ꣬ûκ⡣
ΪͲԶˡ
ңҶĿǰɽյ״̬ķһĲޣڸϽɹ֮ʣµģǿֱ֧תѡ
ҪǱĵ̫ˡ
ټҶĿǰȫչȵһϵдʩҶ꣬Ǳ뱱ظˣ෴ģҶ滹õ١
£ҶĲƸޣɽգҶٶȣԳŲ̫á
ǰĵУҶ淢½ǸȱС磬ȻĴ½ϡȱŵر
źüֺĴ½ĵرǺüҩġ
ҶģֻҪ絹ڿǾͻῪһƽͨһǶһ޶¢ͨ
֮Զһ޶Ʒɾͻƽͨ
ںĴ½¢ԵĻƽͨϰٸÿһѹЩ֮УȻְѹңѪϴ£Żõġ
ľһֺľƷףҶ࣬ҲأǶڴҪ
ǰΪ˻õĴľĴռ˾棬ս
һսϵļ¼ܾͳɳʮ˾ս׼ȷһǸС硣
ϧսֳϣǸӵоľС粻֪˴Ԯܴܽ˵һλռ˾䡣
ʼ¡Ȼŭֱӽħսֻİս˹ȥ
֪ΪΣһս׵Ľˣڽó֮ͨǸСóľľΪ񣬽һս
һսǸС˿ֱɣ֮ǸСĺӣŸոտʼ
˵ÿڲɹľƷʯ͵ȼ۵ĸԴǧơ
¢ԵĻƽͨļֵ֪
Ҷ뿪¢ԵĻƽͨҶĿǰʵ¢ԵĻƽͨһ¶Ǿزסġ
ԣҶԸķʽ¢ԵĻƽͨǣڽֻƽ֮ͨǰת½׵ƿ½֮󣬲ʵ֡
УǸϹŲʥˮȵļǿ
ҶǰЩ̸̫ӰʱĵΪһ׼ġ
ʥڵʥˮںԭڱԶһ۷ߣϵʥˮҪһµʱ䣬ҶٶȣȴǷͬһ㡣
ʮ첻ʱ䣬ͽʥˮˮΧ
ǣҶոսʥˮˮΧԸоԾ
ʥˮˮڣˮˮڵΣԵĲһ


1411 ʥ
Ҷһ·һ;ˮȫˮҶ·ˮˮڣһͬ㣬Խӽˮ̲Խܡ
ǿˮʮҵʱ̲ͻޱȵܡ
ϴˮܹʹЩͨĻδˮĿһ˽ӽʱͻѲˮŴ̲顣
ãҲˮңң׺ţ̽١
Ҷһ·;һˮµˮʱСĴˮʮľ䷶ΧʱһƱˮ̲Ҷ档
ǼƣҪҶûԻᵱɵҶ档
ҶӴŰ˾ˣˮԶԶ׺ţĿҶ뿪ˮΧڣŰ¡
ǣʥ˿ƵʥˮˮҶ뵽ʥˮʮʱȻûѲߵˮ
Ҷӿٶʥˮܱˮʱûκθı䡣
Ծʥ˵һƵͰһ㣬£ʥˮԲˡ
Ҷֻһ뷨ˣ
϶ˣ
£Ҷӿٶȣӵʱ䣬Ҷ͸ϵ˺׵ʥˮ
תһȦҶ֪ôˡ
֡
ʱʥˮܱߣۼˮ壬ˮֱǿп㻯ˮΪһ㡣
ͷγ׵ˮӣΪĸߡ
ǸòޱȳªĹͷӣΪߴһأһֹꪵӣΪҲߴͨ񾳾۷塣
֮⣬֮󣬻ʮΪͨ񾳳ҵˮʮͨ񾳵ˮʥˮĴţġ
мˮͷˮָʹ£ϵĽţԻ
֮⣬⻹ͨ񾳵ˮһˮֱʥˮĶͱ࣬ڷٵľء
Ųٱڳ޴ӣӣѾ˲ʱˡ
ʥˮʮڳССӵʱҶѾôˡ

ЩˮӦǾù£ʥˮ֮У׼׳нȴʥˮĵû˺׵ԴԴϵ֧֣ʥˮķ󣬾ͻ᲻ơ
ⲻӦð
ƺλ츳ͨˣսҲˣȻΪߣǣȴҶƵȫ׻񸲺ʥб
ˣͨ񾳵ˮӦûѹ¾ǰλһصˮϣҲֲ˺ȥ
ˮΧƣҶ濪ʼô
ϾˮףˮףǿƣԸ˶ȽϹõĸ׻⺣֮УҲ֮ء
Ͼ׵ս½ϵսȫһ
ǰˮУֻҪһͷˮָӣͬʱҶ棬͹ҶĶӵˡ
ҶѰ˼һɵǸһصˮʱʥˮĴţͻȻ䶴ˡ
Ŷɲǣһ׵ɭ⣬ʹʥˮŭ
ɲǣڽǼˮ·׼һ㣬ٺˡ
˵ÿ죬ʥˮŴɭ⣬ȴϰٽ
ÿһɭĺÿһ֮ʱ⣬һ֮ϰٽɲǼ䣬ͽʥˮſڵʮﺣ򣬳׵ı⡣
ʥˮˮ֮䣬γһεıǽ
ڴͬʱһ˿ѪɫûҶƺʥҲһɲǴʥˮڳ
ɲǣǧɫ˿һ̽ˮһںѰҺ׵ˮ
Ҷ֪ƺʥıͨǧɫ˿̽ڵĺˮȺУһһƣǧ˶Դͬʱ
ͬʱһͳķ·ˮХһĲʥˮĶ
һ峤ǧס˿ڣ䶯һ׵ĿԿͷľ޴˿ڵİɫ޾Ŷڿӵˮſһףƾվһֲ
ڶڿӵǽˮеĴ룬ľͱֲ𣬲Һų˰ɫ޾ҲʥѪڡ
ǣֻǧˮԳľʥ̽ڵʱͷªޱȵĹͷˮͻһģͻȻ䷢һ˵ŭХȻһ£
ʱǧɫˮУʦηɰ׸ոձ˻һϢĺˮ
̶ĺīɫˮмХнĺˮУһһѷ졣
ǿֲˮѹһɲãոձһѷ죬ηɰ׸ոշѷĺˮںˮѹ£ķѣ
磬ˣͬʱηɰ׼һеɽٴһΣȴ˹ͷˮܼˮС
ƺʥΣСɣָϺɫ⻪һɢͷɿʥˮ֮С
ԳɱеľʥЩ׾ˣǼĿĵ˿ڣÿһ£дѪӿʱǳΪǧˮеĻӡ
ۿžҪɸӣһɫʥˮ֮зɳˢһǧˮеĴ룬ͱʥĸ˽ȥ
ǽ˴룬ͻһ˲ϢС˰ƴСʥˮ
ʥˮڣһѪ
ã죡
ʥľУʣµˮоȻȫηɰ׿ȥҶ󾪡
仯̫ˣҶ̫Զѹ޷Ԯ
ۿηɰ׿Ҫˮиɱһ˽ˮеľʥİ׾βͣͻһ˺ηɰ׵ˮС
ʥİβһǾ͸һСɽһ㡣
һβȥηɰǻ˸ʵʵˮ۵ȴͣ
գۼ䣬ˮ֮Уȫ˾ʥβʹľʥ໵һɤӲҽ
һǣھʥβϿ˶ʮɼǵ˿ڡ
һʮˮкβͣһͶϳأֻһƤ⡣
ھʥı£ηɰȫʥˮ֮С
ǹͷˮЦҲһɲǅ
һˣǵóѣҲûˣЦǹͷˮꪵͨ񾳾صˮȻôʱɿıƽ˻δϵʥˮĴš
ǣҪɱȥʥˮλӣǵˣ
Уһߵʮλͨ񾳵ˮ׷״ЦųʥˮĴš
ڴͬʱҶһҲĳʥˮ
ˮΣ
ƺʥǴżְޱʮִޱȵĺɫ֣ɫһ㣬ʥˮڹرյĴ̽
ֻһͽոճ˵һصĹͷˮֹꪵˮмٳʮͨ񾳵ˮ׷ײ
ɣ
ηɰ׵߳һѸһնͷĹͷˮԴģֱǹͷˮһס


1412 ھͿ
ƺʥɫסĹͷˮηɰ׵ͷµĽ⣬мƲƲ졣
ƾ㣬Ҳɱңȥ˵
ЦһͷˮһŤͷֱĶͷ˦ηɰ׵Ľ⣬ȻֱӲηɰ׵Ľ⡣
־ٶһҲͻأ
ϾηɰֻصΪλͷˮΪȴߴһء
֮Ĳ࣬͸ոѧ·׶ࡣ
ͬһɲǣͷˮļ·Сɽһͻأķ˫һоſӿסƺʥĺɫ֣ͷ·һƤһ㣬ٵĳſϸ
ƺʥĺɫֵԶͬһ㣬ڴһΪ¡
ƺʥĺɫӴʱͱ˼£
·Ҷѵ
ʱƺʥסͷˮĺɫʱͶϳϰٽأѪĽ
ͷˮʱ
ͬʱηɰ׵ɵĽ˹ͷˮĶͷϣһεĽ֮УȴһƺɫĹ⻪ɢļޱȵĺ
ͷˮͫΪ֮һɲǣ⣬׼ȷ˵һ̺޺ɷĽӹͷˮԴй¡
ͷˮ󺧣һеĿӿſһ͵ıԪʧ
ǣںס
Ȼƾ߾ʵӲηɰ׸ոɹûõ޺ɷǣ׵ĺˮܲ־˵ĵ¡
ɲǼ䣬ͷˮʮ֮ڣͱһǽһ飬ͷˮٴαס
ȻһҪɱͷˮҪסͷˮ
ãˣ
Գƺʥͻرñ׳ޱȣһǧ׵ѾبʥˮϷ׼ԸʮӴ̽ĺɫ֣
ʱҶƺʥ˼
ǰΣΪѡ
ƺʥƾ豾츳ͨסʮλͨ񾳵ˮǳصĻʮλͨˮ˲ʱ򣬲ʥˮĴŹرգͻƳȥ
ֻ׳ʿ󣬳ʥˮŹرյһɲǣնԸʮɫ֣ܳ׵ĹرʥˮĴţʥˮٴλõĴϢ֮
ԤһնʮϵĴ֣ƺʥ϶ԪˣΪ䣬Ƕġ
ʱѾûѡ
ڴͬʱʥʥ˶ԵĿƺʥôֵˣʱֻҪһ񣬾֪Էʲô
˻ʥˮηɰףҲһΣ
ĿΨһѡ
ȻҶ;Բ֡
һο֮£Ҷζسʥˮһࡣ
ԳεɲǣҶͻؿڣ·ַ·ʳĸ֡
ˮơ޳
ĸֳڵɲǣҶָ΢΢ţȻһǡ
ʱʥˮǰӿһεˮͻȻ伤·һ㽫ʮͨ񾳵ˮ
Ϊߴͨ񾳾صֹꪵˮڷƺʥĺɫۿò˶ãܹǹͷˮһƿˡ
ҶֿƵĺʲȥʱǰƺʥѹ
ɱУҶ½ʱģڣȴֲһǧƵļӹңʵܣֹٱ
ָʹһ㣬ôô
ҪҶд㣬ʮλͨˮ֮УΪͨµĽˮҶƾһУͿԵɱ
ˮ޳ĸ֣˲̫Ƕ縲ʥȴ
Ϥȴǿ˽ٱɱУʥжɻ֮ɫͬʱȵܣ
ոʥˮˣĿɻĿҶ棬֪ǰİˣΪʲôҪ
꣡
ѵܼ쳹һɲǣͷˮѾηɰ׵ı֮
ĵһʱ䣬ЩĿҶ棬ҶΪߣҶɢϢȴ屾ܵĿ־塣
Ŀ⿴ɲǣҶɱޱȵ𣬡ҹʥʥˮ
ʥĸ֣þƺλʥηɰ˾ϲޱȡ
Ĵ½꣬һʥ仰
ģٶ£ͷˮҶɢĺϢ壬ЩɫĳҶ
¡¡
ӦͷˮģǺױ½ϳĹ
һɫںаףߺ˹ͷˮ
аһʥˮǰȺʱսޱȣа׺ĲǣҲĵ
ԶЩΪµˮһֱ֣ӱ̱ڵء
е壬ܵηףοаס
ϧǣ⺣ˮ֮ʩչϵطˮȴܹȻ׷
Խ̶Խ
ĿǰҶаףˮ䵽ͷˮ֮󣬽ʣ߳ɵ
ǣаǰкڵߣһҲҪ컺
߳ɣҲǰͷˮܹܵġ
һа׺֮£ͷˮʱǵ飬ѡ
ҲǺףҪ½ϣԴʱ㲻ɽ̿Ҳ쿾ˡ
һа׺£ʥˮǰȺעȫ˹ȥǿֲЩͨ񾳵ˮ
Ҷ΢ǰ鱦׹ͷţϱߵ׹˸һ£һа׺ͷˮٴʧȥ˵ֿĿԡ
Ϊ֮׹ͱ仯̫Ҷɴ׹֡
¡¡УҶĿ⿴ʥˮſڵһϲɻηɰ׵ˣָŹͷˮȵʦ㣬꣬ڣͿնɱ
Ҷ仰ηɰܲǰ˭߳һɽٴη£ûڰķ֧֣ͷˮǿҲסƷɽ
ͷˮжظ޾Ŀ־壡
ۣ
ͷˮԴѪɽ˲ϢȾ˺ˮǹͷˮҲԳ˱塣
ȻǸī;޴ޱȵܡ
ͷնɱˮ±Ƶͬʱʱɢ
뽵
Ҷ·һŭ𣬰ҶһͬģҶ泹ͷſĺлкϢ
ǿֲϢɢЩɢˮѡ
вˮҶƣ뽵
Ҷ滹ûøˮͳͳ뽵İ֮ˮǽߵģ뽵ģֻһ࣡
ЩڻһͨˮҶ沢ں
Ҷںǣʮλͨ񾳵ˮλֹꪵͨ񾳾۷ˮ
Ȼ򽵣Īڵȱʥǻɢ
Щˮǲ֪Ҷʲô·ǰ£ȴǳӦô
¸˫ϥһ׷׹뽵λֹꪵˮҲ⡣
û취ǵͷͷˮѾֱģͶκѡ
磬Щ²ȫʵˣЦţҶ濴ηɰףʦ㣬ң
߷ŭȷ쭣ȦȺˣҶ˻


1413 ˮӡ
˵ʵôˣηɰ׻ǵһεű˵棬Ҷ滳ᡣ
˵ģƾһ㣬Ҷ֪һʱ䣬ǳŵĺѣǳѡ
ҪȻ羸ʥ縲ʥҲԲ֫ķˡ
ηɰ˼ǿ֮ˣҲҶǰ¶ˡ
Ȼ˼ѣΪʲôЩ֪ͨңһϵʱΪʲôңҶ濴Ųľʥˣһʹϧ
Ǿʥ¶ѪȾˣʱָΣ֮ǰҲ˳һֻһ˿Ƥ⣬ͷһɼǵķ̵˿ڡ
縲ʥȥûʲôˣϢȴޱȣһĹȣƺʥѾƤͷ
ηɰ֪ڴ֮ǰƺʥı崥֣ѾնȥʮĵˣѪ޿Դ
ʥ˾㶼ЦſҶ棬һֲ˵ηɰȴˣ˵ںĴ½϶ѣҴ壬һ뺣̫Ĺϵǻ鷳Ҫ㣡
ԣҶʱŭˣǲֱʥˮƣǱɱǶҪң
ʥڨڨһЦĵܣⲻǾģǻܳżҪŲȥô᲻æأ
ˣǡ
Ҷ滹˵ʲôͻس̾һҶ֪ǼҲΪҶãΪҶ濼ǣٳԿҲĲ̡
£Ҷó˴˵ҩȸʥ
ʮһλͨ񾳵ķ²Ҷͳͳȫʩ˽ƣжзʥˮγȶ˵
ʥˣʥˮڵˮҲս˴룬ҴˮˮҲǸˡ
һ죬Ҷ仯˾˵Ĵ򣬲ͣĴ߶žľ
ʥˮ෢飬ҶҲ֪˴š
Ҷ뿪󣬾ʥˮȫ֮࣬ҲͼΣֵ˷ֱձˮ׳
̶ʱ䣬ʥˮڱƵˮͳʮ򣬶ֵ˵ѵ£սǿ
ø̲ʥˮ´סˣ´һֻܣڴ˾ʥ˵Ϊ֮ͨصΪʮˮ壬ǰΧʥˮһٶʥˮ֮λ
û뵽ʥ츳ˣ֮£ͽ´նϧǣΪ´ˡ
ɵ´ʥ˻Ͼʥˮλã׷ɱ´ͬʱʼ
û뵽ǣ´иԶ壬ǸڵĻˮĻˮҲǰǸܱĹͷ󺺡
ǹͷĻˮҲˣ˵һھͽſȵ´ˣǿǴ֮
ǣ´Ϣȴûˮġ
ڵʥˮˮȻͨ񾳶ûС
һ֮󣬾ʮˮϮʥˮһսͱʥˮĴɱĴܣǣҲһսУͷĻˮ˶縲ʥ
Ȼͷʥˮ㡪ˮʵǰ
˺νսǹͷˮÿζսʥˣÿζܴµľ񽫾ʥɱĴܣ
ˮˣµˮս¾ʥƽξǿҲΣ
սδľʥˣͱʥˮڣΪʱ䣬ֻҶ֮ǰɧ֮ߡ
ǲϧǹͷˮ¸ּ࣬һͨ񾳵ˮܸΪ޵ľʥǲʹԽսԽѡ
ǹͷˮҲʧء
ʮˮѾʧֻʣһ룬µʮͨ񾳵ˮʥնɱֻʣʮˡ
սþʥûκδϢ֮˵ҩϾһˣҲûзĿܡ
Ҳûջ
ͷʥ˽ͻƣ
񾸺ʥʱΪڣĴ½֮ٶʮֹʥΪͻƵ۷塣
ЩսУĵƿ쭣Ϊ˳ͻƵء
ʥƺʥ˵ΪҲͻƵڣսպΪأˮ֮¡
ͻģηɰˡ
ԭڴս֮ǰηɰΪոմﵽ۷壬һս󣬿
֮ηɰ׽ʥˮԺ޺Ȫ޺ɷҲʹţɹĽڵһת޺ɷʼɷ塣
һηɰ׷֣޺ɷ֮ʱҶµƷ鵤ٶȣȻ֮ǰһࡣ
꣬ηɰսսæ͵УɹĽΪһ۷壬µһսУ˳ͻƵء
˵ʵνͻͽҶеĻҪǿ١
֮⣬Ŀǰʥˮڲˮˣˮǰս֮һ˸Ǿеľ
Ҷó˵ҩȫ£ˮѾ˸þʥƵĻ˵ǹͷˮǾܹɱƬײ
˵ûг׸ԭֻǺ߰˳ɶѣɼǵ֮ء
вסģѾʱ俪ʼʥˮˡ
ĵܣʮͨ񾳵ķ²ôãϾ˴һ⡣
ˮҷͷô죬ЩˮͶ͸ҳ㷹ƵģЧû⣬ҳϾ̸ˡ
ǣֵܼĿǰΪ֮УǿΪ޷ǣǻ
ҽ飬һɱˣǵΪѣ鷳λָһƺʥɱڵĵ
磬ҾģĵܼȻЩ²Ȼ˵뷨ʥ˽Ҷˡ
ԣҶ΢΢һЦ磬ⳡɱ֮УʮһĹͨˮսΣ
ǻ˵ɱõʻжףƨˣƺʥ˵
ĵܵ˼ǣʥ֮
λ磬ʦ㣬һΪĿ֮ǣǿɽʮͨ񾳵ˮƣǸҲЧҶ˵
𾪵ĿУҶֱӽǣ˸ˣҽЩעǲй¶ȥȵȡ
ҶոմϣʵļƺʥǰЩ²ȥˡ
ܿһܹˣͲһŪɿĴֳȥ˵
˵ţʥһóһöָһʹӴָȡһöˮµɢźϢӡ
ĵܣɱĻˮĴָУѵ˻ˮˮӡ˵˵ӦôˮӡʥҶʵ
ҶĿ͵һˮˮӡֵŵ̵ĺûᡣ


1414 һǧ
ܣĵܣҾģڣ˾˶Ϊдڻˮˮԣˮɱһ£ܿᴫ
ôЩƽʱݷķͻŷỳˮˮλáֻҪɵӣһʱ䣬뷨ռ컳ˮʵʿסˮ֮󣬲Ż򻳷ˮӡ
Ŀǰɽۻõѡ񣡡ʥ˵
Ҷηɰ׵˵ͷ˵ûóȻȥỳˮλã¾ͻ֮ǰս̶
ɽۻʵռ˻ˮʼͼı˳ʱ򣬵ʱֻҪĵķųˮӡϢֻҪıõͿһսȫ
˵ĲҾģӦٸǼһѻɳˮǰˮڵˮɢϢԻˮȫûˮ
Ӿǵķսʱ򣬵ɱ򻳷ˮʱ򣬾ͿޱȵĿƻˮ縲ʥ˵
ЩҶţֻеͷķݡ
λ磬½ɱģǼʶͬһ㣬ѹġ
ʦηɰ׵˶սҶ뿪֮󣬸ЭŹ澭ڣ㶼
⼸λһλ̳ȥ˲õĶһĴڣ⼸˺һ𣬿Ҷ涼ͷʹޱȡ
ǵĲԣȷޱȣСܾûʲôˣСֻ˵һ㣬սѾǺˣǵΪһڣ
δһ꣬ΪΪǵ츳ֻͨҪΪȥˣʱߣкξ壿Ҷ˵
ĵ˵ǡ
ʥ˵䣬ոȥûõƺʥͻػתһŹֵĶҶģղŴڵķţûһô̫ãôˣô£
ã
ҶһЩɻƺʥǰˮڹѺ²ĵطˮƺʥûˡ
磬ʩչһ£ҿҶ˵
ƺʥҶʩչǣǣˮڵʱ򣬾Ȼţ뺣޷Ӧ
ҶҲףΪʲô
һͽĽ߰ӻﳶ˳ô£
˯ԺĽ߰һİۣү˯ˬףҶүģôǣ⼸ӣӶ㲻ϵ⡭
¡¡
ɲǣĽ߰˸ŵ鴤Ųҽһ߲ҽУһ߸ġ
Ҷȴûֵͣ˼һþ׺˾ŴΣĽ߰󶼿ˣŰ֡
ҵĴ羸ʥ縲ʥƺʥҵķˡ
Ҷ桮ˡָճڣηɰ׾޵˭ķˣϲ̵ı飬ȴ
ηɰһĽ߰󣬡СߣסˣҶʦ㣬Ǹʦ㣡
òײɢȥĽֻ߰ǰצԹԵҾүүƺүʦ޲ʦ̣
ǻģΪ֮ݸ
үʩչǣɹԭܼ򵥣Ʒʲֻͨɫ⡣
Ϊֵǰӣ޷ǿս꣡
ô˵Ҷǣ֮УƺôһҪǿսԷ꣬ҪԷΪȶԷǿҪƷʱȶԷǿ󣬶ռһɡ
ô˵ǣԴǲඣҶʵ
ҲǲãԸſ£ҲǿԵġУⲻֻҪҪи챾ԴһͲ͵ˡ
Ľָ߰㣬ҶҲһЩˮſսɴ࣬ҶԶ֣Щˮ챾ԴָȻ󽻸ʥ˿ơ
֮һʮһλͨ񾳵ˮ²ÿսλˮλ
ʥ飬ʣµλͨ񾳵ˮǸΪߴͨ񾳾۷ˮͳͳηɰսꡣ
ҪǿηɰΪͣǿԱ㱣ηɰס
ҶҲûЩųͨˮѣҶ沢
磬ι׼һ㶫ӦÿǵΪڶʱһ츲صı仯һУĸصˮʱҶͻ˵
츲صı仯ʥһ£ĿЩ𾪡
ףĵҶ棬ڿ˵зִ硣
ǵΪ츲صı仯ʲô
ͻƵͨ񾳣㲻أ
ĵܣĪǵõʲôܹǵΪʱͻƵͨ񾳣縲ʥЦ
ԣҶҡҡͷʱڽΪͻƵͨ񾳣Ҳ㲻Ƿ츲أ
£ʥ˰ηɰ׸¶˳Ծ顣
ĵܣͱӣ˵ɣƺʥ
Ҷ治˵Ǵһ̣ڴΧػ磬ͬʱľ߶ô̲ܲ
£ڵ̸һҲᱻ͵ȥģЩҶŵ磬û

ƺʥͬʱҡҡͷͻȻ䣬ҡͷľʥĵܣ˵ǲǸ˵еħʵ
ޣʥȻ֪ħʵҶЩȡ
ʥҡҡͷǸڽʥˮʱʥˮһڣϰٿ鳾飬඼йʥˮˮһЩ¼Ͼʱ˿һ¼ħʵ
Ӧǧ֮ǰʥˮĵһǧߴˮҲμ˱ٰһ
ϣ۹ͣʱ͸λˮĶͷ˾ıöħʵ
ʱǸжԸӣűˮ棬귢ЧڱȺĽޱȡ
˵Ǹȥ֮󲻹һ꣬͵ۼϣʹһƽɫսǿ쭡
ڱµʮλһǰʮʥ̾˵
ƺʥȴɵˣ磬ħʵôžܹǱѪս쭣ôû
ʥƺʥһۣܣһ첻æǳЩˮ壬ʱ俴Щ
ƺʥ˴֣ͻȻ䣬͹һһĭȻĿ⿴Ҷ棬һ˷ܶڴޱȽŵĵܣ㷽ſôʣ׼֮ħʵɣ
ʥʥҶĿҲýĵܣִ˵еɣ
Ŀע£Ҷصĵ˵ͷ
ʱʥ;ǣôܣ
ƺʥβסԸ˷ܣվʵҪ̫ˣĵܣ׼˼ţţ˿ţʮţ
Ϊħʵ·ߵʯͷʮŰ˿ţÿһţ֮ˣʥ
磬Ҹÿ׼ˡһǧţ
ʲôһһǧţʥƺʥʥֱɵˣ


1415 Ѫ
һǧţعľʥһŵģĵܣ㲻ǿЦİɣȥõҿյĵرɽ嵥ʮǰһöħʵɽʮƷ
ͻȻ䣬ʥ۾صɴ󣬲˵꣬ҶѾǧʵһԵĵ˳Ǽƣ͸Լҵùûʲô
⡭·ùһ㱻Ҷ浹ƺʥɵˡ
ǳһţ֪ˣηɰڣҶһ˸׸һš
Ҷ棬˳ȥ븹ҩɲǣ˶ܵĪİҩɫһ䣬ͬʱϥ£רµҩ
һʱʱչϥŵľʥΣͻȻ˲һ£Ȼ͵ؾԳӴޱȵı壬ڵײ˸ϡá
УʥԴһȦ˵ͷϣȻ͹һͷСȥǳĹŹ֣
һɲǣ۾ľʥÿϲޱȣħʵѪѰԴħʵ
һţһţڵ̫Ѫǿһ֣ҵ˱仯
ôһǧţӦô̥ˣҶͷ
ʵϣħʵãҲ˶ġ
Сè̫ͣҪѪ˲õĵرҲΪҪüʮԼ
ȻҲҶСèṩɵ̫Ѫǿйϵ
ǾʥʥƺʥǾͲһˡ
λȻ̫֣ڳɳ֮ǰԻԵɺϾ˺Сһ̫ѪСһ̫ѪҲ½ưˡ
ͺ֣֮ǰһֱ֮ǻһͳ˳ɹ
ڽһͳ˱仯
󣬸ʥͻȻʹıһҲԳ塣
ʥǸԣʱԳ֮󣬵ûʲôԵı仯ǶͷҲʵ糤׮
һı仯źеҶ棬ײˡ
ԭʥֻ֮ͼԶѣ޽צ
ʱͷ׮ǡ
ֻǳǸʥͻΪĽΪ䣬սҲ
ģƺʥҲͬԳ˱塣
ƺʥı壬ҶͲ̫һֳŹһֵĺɫ㣬ȥ⺧ˡ
ƺʥһҶ澹ȻûʲôԵı仯󣬻ڸոջָεľʥ£֪ƺʥı仯
³һȥΪ۵ĺɫ֡
֮ηɰɳķٲˬ֮Уʥʥƺʥֵȴң㣬ٿǳɶѵһޱȵĹŹ֡
磬ǣҶɻ
ֵֻһ󣬻Ǿʥˣĵܣ̫ˣÿһǧţҿյϣһ͸ߴʮƷʯ۰һӣҲŪô
ǣȴ޷ܾ
һ㣬ʥû˵ûκһ壬Ծֿܾ̥ǵı
磬ֵܲңԺ󣬻Ҫǰæģ֪ҵر
ǣǾһӶ޷İģ˵ţʥ֮䣬ͻ겨Ӧڽ꽻
һɲǣʥʥƺʥͬʱԼ챾Դ꣬һƿФǵ챾Դǵ鸮лɳ֣ޱȵıƳһɫɫıԴѪ
ޱȵӡͬʱҾƺԱԴģӽĵҶ浫ϵɽ»𺣣ӣΥģ񹲷ߣ𣡡
ÿ˵һ֣ͻŵɫıԴѪ֮УʱŵɫıԴѪط·һ㣬챾Դ֮С
˵ıԴ֮УͻȻͶһЩޱȵĵɫ磬
һĻҶ࣬û˵
Ҳû뵽ʥ˻صľѪҶ档
Ȼ־ѪĵԼ̫ǿ˵̬ȴײ
ӽֻҪҶһ仰ǾͻԥȥΪҶ
ԣҲǳŵ
ҶĿʱ򣬾ʥʥƺʥȴǻϲص˵ҶǰҶǰѻϷˣÿ˾ŰپʮſţһҲûС
ƺʥŻЦĿҶĵܣûʲôñܵøң
ģҸոշǸԣһеģ
ĵܣеĻԸҶŪ㣬ҾģΪצҪʥ˵
ҲǣʥҲĿˣ⣬ԽԽãһž͸ˣ
Ҷˡ
ⲻԾ
ôͻȻЩһƤͱһһ˰
ǣһѪĶѡ
תһ룬ҶͿЦ
ڴ֮ǰûзԣҶһ仰ʥǼҲΪҶƴɣ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶǷǸԵˡ
ȻǾʥˣ飬Ǿʥ磬һ򽲾ֵʡ֡
ҶĺôȴûǸˡ
ֻ辶־ѪģԸ
ԺиģҶٺЦ⣬Ҷ治һԸ̫࣬Ͼ·̫Ҫðɡ
Ҹ׼˵ţҶһѱй
һɲǣʥȾǲƵôྨ˶౾ҵΪ
ڣܹͨ񾳰ɣһͿԣòһ꣡
磬ʮ£˺ĸֻ߽Ҫʮ£ΪͿԴﵽ۷壡ƺʥϲ˵
һٿ
ĵܣŪɱһ𣿡縲ʥǰ͵شһ
ҶЦ۾Ȼûɱһ壬ȴɱһصĶ࣡
ҶǰԼ̫Ӱ῵ʵΪ˾ʥʦηɰ׼ġ
ЩʥǵΪֱܹ߰Ŀ쭡
ʲôֵģϽ𣡡Դһʥںĺ˵ֵΪȥˣ˵һһǧһҲˣ
˷ŵ֮ҶĶʥˣûһ˿һĸˡ
ҶȴʩʩȻո۾Եʦηɰȥ磬Ǻᣬû±ǵ˽ʱ⣡
˭˽ʱˣηɰ׵÷ɺ죡


1416 ת
ҶȻʥ׼ΪʦηɰߣȻٲˡ
ҶеһƷʯרŸʦηɰ׼ġ
ʯרĳһߣü󣬾͸ֱΪֱ֮࣬󣬾ͿתΪ
Ҷηɰ׵ηɰײ۵Ʊ÷ǳļ򵥺Ϳ٣֮£ηɰΪļ
һ죬ȵǰʮ죬̶̼죬ηɰ׵ΪԵ
Ҫǣηɰ۵ˮϵԽԽ࣬ڵת޺ɷٶԽԽ졣
ڵ޺ɷԽԽ࣬ηɰҶƷ鵤ٶȣڳɱ
£ηɰ׸ոտʼɷ壬ҲһĽչ
ѭ£ֻһǾηɰ׵սڲͣĳɱ
޺ɷֱϵǳǿĿǰҶĺ壬ڲ£Ҳסˡ
ֻҪմȾһ޺ɷжͻû
ǣ޺ɷȻܹմȾꡣ
֮ληɰһ޺ɷˣһСģ궼Ҫܵش
ηɰסʥ˶ڽΪҶҲûţÿ۵ƣͻƵͨ񾳣
ͨͨΪͨ죬ֻ۵ĵƴﵽһĳ̶֮󣬽Ը۵ĵơꡢһʱؿԵƹͨأͨ꣬Ϊͨ
֮ͨͨѶȣ٣ͬʱõĹͨأҲǺطõطĻ֮һ
۷ͻƵͨ񾳣ڴߣʲô̫ѵ飬Щߣֵһ鸮ߣηɰף񾸺ʥʥƺʥǣȫˮɡ
ΪˣϣȻȻľܹͻơ
ǣ鸮Խ࣬ͻƵѶԽ
Ҷ鸮ͻѶļ鸮ΪҪһѶȿǳʼαġ
鸮лйôҶսɱսȵ
ӦģͻѶҲɱҲҶΪﵽ۷жʱˣȴһֱûͻƵԭ
ҶƵǣڲ̷ͣǿԴǿҩ޷ڵֵһ
һֵ֡֡ƣҶ涼ǿһ𣬵һ֣Ϲ̾ͻ
ҶΪգҲ޿κΡ
ÿһʧܣһ֮ʱȶ΢һ㣬Ҷ濴ͻƵϣ
ǣٶȣҶͻʱ䣬ʮϡ
ʱ䣬ͨ߶ѣ࣬ҶԣڼΪҶԣЩˡ
ܣҶҲ޿κΣֻܰͰÿսֵƹͨϣĬĬۡ
֮࣬Ҷ桢ʥʥƺʥˣÿ춼Ҫʱ䣬ǰȥɿ
ûǸɿ
ҶѾת½һ¸ʥ˵ˣҲõ˾ʥһµͬ⡣
һǵļˮ֮Уֵ¶ȱٵõ֡
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㲻ԴֻҪʲΪֻʱ䳤̵⡣
ְݵ£Ĵ½¶ݣ½óıԡϸ˲ţ֮٣ˮ֮Уֱϡޱȡ
ʥǵ˼ҪҶתǴһЩõֹͬʱǵҲһ֡
½÷࣬õѸٿԳʵǵʵ
󣬲뷨ƽͨ档
ʱϹŲڵعΪֱ˴롣
񲻽Ҫ·ҪݵΣӦܵΣ
࣬ʥǾģԲرΪڻò
ֹ죬дĹԭÿЩˮȥ
ȥҶǻǾԼַѻ꣬սǵ꣬Կǵȴ޷סܡ
ҶǵƣعΧǼܺΨһͨͨڣһҡ
޳֮󣬾ʥ˽£Զ֤ڵعڣԷ˴롣
عһأһط󷨵Ĳر⣬ռܴ󣬽ɺҪʥˮˮڵĸֲ
عڶأһط󷨵СĲر⣬ҪʥˮĸҪʡ
ʯõ޹ȵȡ
عأط󷨣һСԼǧ״СĲر⣬ҪʥˮˮڻõһЩǳĵرϣҩġ
ڵع֮󣬾ǰϹŲͨˣһͨȴԹõ۷
ǰϹŲͨȻ˲رܵȣܵ·һͨȻͨ
ÿһʹ֮ʱڿȻΪ˰ȫһ鷳ѹʲô
ϣǱعأô˱ǽ֮Ҳ޹ˡ
¾һҹʮһҵҶ棬м֡
Ϊ˷̽飬Ҷ潫߾ϻľĥ˷ĩȻ˵صعǽ֮С
ͬʱĽ߰Ľ飬һЩжݷĲá
ǣЩãֻܷͨжݷҶǷ˵ġ
Ԫ鰢УҶȴûǸŪϺ̳
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µʱڣϢ
ǻˮھʥɢҥƲ£λỳˮȨս
tˮҲвս
һʱ䣬ɱѪɺӣʬǳɽ
ʥ˹ƣǱߵսûһʱ䣬Ƿֲģð
ߣڣʥ˵ΪԵ
ʥµʱ䣬Ϊأν٣ƺʥҲΪء
縲ʥΪȽٵԭΪڣ𾸺ʥƺʥ˵㡣
ǣµʱڣʥڳԵһٿ֮󣬶ͷѾҳ糤ǣѪǴΪ˸ǿĽֱӾʹѪл˼еĴս
ڴ֮ǰƺ˵սƽڣʥȴܹʥĴ
Ҫ֪ʥƺʥҲûţΪѪҲнսҲǳɱɼʥսȣжǿ
ʦηɰ׵ΪҲֱȻΪֻǴغڣֻһذ룬޺ɷʥҲԸԣ
ҲΪ˵Ϊսֱ߿쭣Ҷڵع֮ʣͻת½
飬粻˳٣
磬һιȥ꣬һͻת뿪ʱڣûΪսΪҪ
һʱΪƳ׵ʱٳǾԿԴɱķǶ㹻ʯ׼뿪֮ǰҶٴν
أСӽʥЦһ䣬󷨰ɣ
Ϣ֮󣬰ޱȵͻ𣬼Ϣ֮ҶϹŲ֮С


1417 ޱݾ
Ϥ˺֮˽һӵĹһᣬҶͳ½׵ĺϹŲĴ֮ڡ
뿪࣬ﻹӣۻҶ뿪ʱĲãûκα仯
ΪСҶʱͬˮһɢ˷ϸϸĲ쿴ÿһϸ΢ı仯
ҶɢɲǣҶͷͻؾһѶ״¸оظҶͷ
תҶʱϥ£Ŀ
ڻת½һɲǣһĴ½Ӧȫͬ򣬶Ȼ͸Ҷ鸮֮С
ҶʱӦĴ½಻ͬʱжԱȣǰֵʱ⣬ӭж⡣
ʶģҶ汾ܵĴ߶꣬ͬʱת鸮ڵֵƿʼֵ뱾Դϡ
һĹҶǰںĴ½¿ûпԽֵƵĹؿڣ˲
˾˵ĽȣҶЩ죬ҶĲǣһ˼⣬˳Եʡ
ԭܼ򵥣һЩӵĻסҪЩѶȡ
ǣһ⸱һģһȴȱ˴ǷҪһǰʱ΢һԱȣǷҪԶ׼ˡ
磬һͨվǰܲ⣬һһģһȱû˱ӡ˳һԱȣǸȱʧıӡԻӰ̵ģ
ڵ½Ĵ½ˡ
Ĵ½ǸˣĻ½Ǹһģһȴ˱ӡˣǸȱҪĻ
½ǲȱģҶʱոմӺĴ½һԱȣĴ½ص㣬ǰעⲻ޷򵽵ʱȱʧıӶһԡ
ϵջ񣬲Ҫֻ̫࣬Ҫٵһ֣ܹҶƿ򿪡
һɲǣҶֱȡһö£ҩǿĲֵƵϡ
ʱµĸҶͷǰѭһ޷ϵһֵƣͻȻü
һԡµ򣬾ѵŦһ㣬ҶֵƷɿ
֮Ҷɹֵƣһʱ֮Ҷ鸮ڵ߸ͬʱ⻪ţϱӡƷɳҶ鸮תںϡ
ǿϵˮƣΪ壬ľơϵơϵơӰ֮Ϊ鸮ںϳһ¹⻪
һɲǣҶ·ģַ·ܵһ㣬ߴ鸮ĵ챾Դɳ
ǾıԴ΢һɢߵ϶ɵ¹⻪ͷ·ܵһɰޱȵһ㣬ɿͶǸҶ߷ģ챾Դꡣ
һߵϺĹӰͳ׵Ҷ챾Դꡣ
һŵȴ֪ĸӦϵҶ챾Դ֮֡
ͬʱӡÿһöƣؼڵ޶صϵ
£׵ֵƵ챾Դ߸ӡΪжϵ㣬ؼ޴ڵһĪĸӦ
ʱǰҶģޱȵͻȻҶӦоͱޱ
ǰҪȫ߶Ӧǿ׽򵽵ʱһͨеĵƣʱӦˡ
һ˺ֵĸӦ
ܵģҶһͿʼ²ǰ۳Щڿȥªޱȵĵơ
߸ϸֵһöö⻪ĵƣָӦ£ڷٵıƲţڷٵı
һööޱȵĵӡҶߴϵʱҶ߸ͷ·Ǳһ㣬ø߸ӵļ͡
ǿȣÿһƲĵƼӳȥʱǿȾͻһء
Ǹ컻һ㣬Ҷ鸮ڷɿĳɳš
Ҷ֪ͻˣ
ͨ񾳣
鸮ѹĵУ߸Ҳ·ϵһ㲻ͣ̽ҶĵС
ÿһҶĵ߸ۿɼٶš
ԭĵ߸Ȼͱÿյġ
ֿյĵ޴ڵԪҵйһ㣬ɿҶڹ
ϧǣ½
ԪŨȻǴȣĴ½ʮࡣ
ԭںĴ½ͻƣԪйͻͻƺɡ
½һ˲ɽҶ浤߸Ĵ޵Ԫڹתѹ֮Ҷյĵٷ֮һ޷䡣
ǣҶ屾ܵĿʼԪ
Ԫһϡ˷ԪͻɿĲ
ǣҶɵٶ̫ˣ˲Ϣͷγ߸޴ޱȵС
нҶһ֪жǻǰ⴦ϹŲҶҪˡ
һҧҶһʹ߸зɿĴӵص׳뿪ѸٵĶݷɵ˸߿֮С
߿еԪ𺣵Ũ񣬵ĶȴǸӵĿֲ
߸޴ޱȵԪУѸپ׳˰״С쫷һĿֲС
еӰ£ˡ
ҶȴǲںУķԪӿͻƺ󲹳Ĺ̡
ͬһʱ̣Ҷ鸮е챾Դ͸߸ϵƣϸϸĸŴǰԸĵơ
ֲУҶĵ߸ڷɿš
żôƣΣҶҲ޷½иӦҶף½ȱ¡
Ҷɻ󣬵ʲô½ȱأ
Ҫ֪СС磬֮ҲԸе
ټ򵥣Ҳ½ȱġ
ң½ڵһȻĴ½һģһܹǡֵĽĴ½͹Գ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷͷ͵һֱᣬҶʶֵ֣жֲ
ӵĴ½һģһĵȴȱ½ֱǲص㡣
ЧҲȲϡ
ΪԽߣҪͷǳҪպһĲطЧǸ
ʱֻҪںĴ½һصģȻת½죬һԱȣܹҳ֮Ĳ죬ͻͽǶֲЧ
ҶΪҶĹ㣬ҪںĴ½ҪĲֵһͻƵͨ񾳣Ҫʮʱ䣡
Ҷִ½ʱ˳ͻƵͨˡ
Чֱ
Ҷģҵһǰ޹˺ߵݾ
ûκθõݾ
һ죬Ҷ涼УҶȴ֪߸޴ޱȵУȴ½Щǣð


1418 
ǰİΪǸλãݡ
ֱһǰλ˶ĳϵ֧£žס˾ơ
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£¥ֹԪˣжҪϾˣȻȵĲҸ£λڣȫһԼ̴С
ǣǲûſ⣬ʵǵаڹһڼΪ
ǵϹħʧٵĺɷҲռ˲ٵ̣ʵȫʢ죬ȴ޶
ְ¥ˡ
ǣ̽ӾͲҪ
ܿģǱ߾ϢԳǱչؿޣ󹬸ȴѾڵˡ
Ҳ࣬λʥͬʱչؿͻƣȴǷ·ʧһ㡣
£λʥ֮Уζһλִֵġ
ֹ¥Խĺ棬Ʋ⣬ܷʲô¡
ǣ¥ˣ֮ǰ򺣴ʥˡ
ǵƲⲻȷչصͻȻðһλǱͷƮҡǣǵѪùˣ
£¥ڲȻƮҡģ⺣ȴƽ
ֱ߸޴ķ·һг֡
һֱ¥˵صӶ񣬶Ҷֵĵطֻʮѣԣ߸޴һ֣Ϣ̵ʱڴ¥ڲ
¥ڲˣȻ𾪣û̫ӣ½ֲûֹֻǰĶûһδˡ
ǣʱ䳬һ֮סˡ
һʱ䣬¥ǼҵڣĿǰĴ¥Ǿж¥̴ʹ˳ǰ̽̽
ҲûţĿǰȫΪ֮Уֻһλ̫ϳϳ棬żλεľǰ۲졣
û취ǲܴ
رǴˣǿɾͿˡ
˵ǣ߸޴гʱ㹻߰˻δɢȫ·֮£ǿϵ
ϵʱ¥Ĵ¥˵̫϶ϣͶ±ˡ
ѹ
߸ĴĿֲѹϢǵɫѿ˼㡣
ֲֿѹڣϲʲôرпʲôΪͻ֮仯
֣ƣƺԶҵȰ˼һ̫϶ĸĿ¥
¥ȻΪһսǸԻ˵̣ڸ⵽ش֮һһ㱧ȡů˼
ǰҵȵΪȻǾеϢȴԶҵȣϢֻд˵еͨ񾳲֮ǾǴ¥˵
˵еͨ񾳣½ļУɶδֹǿߣ
ǰûֹڲ֣
ôһλλģҪ̫϶ĸе߸Уͻһȭ֣Ǿǿߣͻʱδȣ͵ϮնɱΣ
ǾĿ˸ò˵̫϶ĸʵģҪȻ׵ģǣ
ңȻǰλǿܹͻƵ˵еôֻҪõȷķţ˵Ҳлᣡ
ϷҲǴ⣬Ҫ͵Ϯ
¥¥ǾĻû˵꣬۽ͻȻͿе߸ڿٵɢȥ
̫϶ĸһۣжͻȻ䣬¥¥ǾϵѪɫȥʧҶ棿
һ̫϶ĸɵˣҶ֣ΣˣǵһΡ
ֵǣҶɢܾĿ־ѹ
УҶͻƵͨһ֮״̬
׼ȷ˵ҶĿǰͻƣȫ
Ϊ½ƲȱԭһֵƲûвƣҶתĴ½ͿԲһ֣ʱ򣬿Ϊٴ
ĿǰͻƵͨ񾳣ı仯ǶԵƵӦϣӵĵӦˣͬʱڵĿ֮ǰ
ֻҪı仯ֱ仯ҪҶˡ
ǾҶЩ⡣
û뵽ͻ֮󣬵һۼһ
ǳϣû뵽ʥոͻƳأǾˣҶ濴Ǿ˵
ҶĿע£Ǿͷ亹ʲôû¥ģʱӦ֮ߡ
࣬ϷҲǴɣϷڴ˽ף򺣴ʥΪٴξٴΪ򺣴ʥأ
ǾһǾ¥ߣ̫϶ĸ˼λߣ׷ѧҶ湰
ҵȽף򺣴ʥΪٴξҵΪ򺣴ʥأɽХһøǾĸεĿЦԸҶ棬ǲˡ
뵱꣬ҶԿصΪܹɱҲðͨ񾳵Ϊ
ֱ޷񰡡
ɽХҶһ£ʲôʱô
ʵֻҶ治֪ѣ˵Ҷͷ𾸺ʥҪ㡣
ȻҶԣҲѣںĴ½ĳ涼Ķˡ
УҶĿһͷ·ԸǾĸΪ׵˵ǴϣһڳΪҺأǺ
Ϊʲôûиоһ˿һĳأ
˵ţҶָţȻ΢΢һʱĺˮоͷ·Хһ𣬲ȸǾ߷Ӧ˾ͻϸϸˮߣ˸ʵʵ
ͻ֮ҶԼɱкʣӵǿ
һɲǵĹ򣬾ͽΪڿΪߴصĸǾ˵ܣ
򺣴ʥϢŭҵȴ˴ǴɶѣԺᲹϣһᲹϣһʱ䣬ǾϷˡ
һǿӲ˵̫϶ĸҲŻˣһͽǵܲöͬʱܣöǿ
Ҷã˼ƽϡ
ԭҶ淽ŵ뷨粻ɣȻˣͽǸʰˡ
ҶļƻУ¥֯ɲǼ򵥵һɱ¡
һˣҶŵָɢȥϵĺˮʱɢ䣬ʱͻõɡ
Ǻãʥ͵ǵĺ񣡡
һǾ̴ĸʱɴ⣬ŸԵͷߣֱתԸϼҡ
ĸǱ߻ã¥߷ɳûԶɵˡ
Ƿ֣λպյ򺣴ʥȻԶԶĵ


1419 һ
Ҷһֱ¥Ĵ¥Ǿ¥̴ʱ±ˡ
Ҷչ¶һֱ֣ʧȥ˽ķ
ʱҶǳ˿־壬Σ
ֻͣͣ
ǻΪҶ˳·˸شţҶȥ
û뵽ںߵҶֱ߰ôˣһһȥ¥ǵȡǷݺأ
øǾٴɵۣΪǷݺ
ǣûѡ
ǲߣҶҲ֪·
ΣֻһƵĻת¥ܲǵͬʱٶ֪ͨǵʿĴ㡣
Ҷôһ·ȥΪȡһݺɵӲŻţ
¥ϳǵ
Ϊõ˸Ǿ˵֪ͨ׼ǵľͽǵĻ
ǰҶŰǵ֮¥ʹ˼ʹǵص󣬽˴ȵļǿ
ԭֻһ󷨣ȴһȫػͬʱǵĵػҲȫ²ãȫ£ټֵ£޷ơ
ǣǵı仯Сǰʱ򣬿ҪǿˣҶָػǵ˵
Ǿ̴֪ǰλ򺣴ʥҶ浽Ҫʲô
ǣҶǸûǵӪҡ
Σ¥ǾֻεЦһֻмǿ
ǣڱʥУɲ
߳䣬Ҷ浥ᣬˮ֣ʱǵ˷ĺˮǷһ㣬߸߾ȻǵΧػй¡
¡¡
ˮУǵػȻ飬ǵĵػ֮⣬ʱǼһƬ
·֪Χػ󲻹һ㣬ǵصʿ졢ŷˣͳǵĵػ
ػ󷨽ڵϣʱ¥ľӢߣÿ˽ǽԼ˫ư󷨽ڵ㣬ʱ׼Ը֧Ŵġ
һߣǾнǧˣ
ҪǵõϢѾˣϧ۽صĸּеǵԵʡ
Ҷ涢һԵսľޱȵĸǾ̴ǳϣʵӦңѾ뷨ҪȻǵѾ
¡¡
дڵа׶شҶԺɳĺ鱦кһɲǣйǵĺػϡ
ʱǸǿػϾ͵ػ󷨽ڵ㶸ر˾ޱȵĹ⻪
˫󷨽ڵϵǧߣ޴ķ֮߸ߵ𣬸Ѫһԡ
ߵʿŷӦһа׺ǵΪػʱ飬а׵˳ƺ£ʮλڵ¥Ӣ˽̼
Ǿ̴ɲǣҶңңָţػ鷴ɵѪ¥ʿ¥ŷ࣬ͻȻһͷ·Сһ㣬Ҷ滺ա
¥ʿҲ˵ãסɲǣָͺʮףҶ浱ͷ¡
Ҷȴǲ㲻Ժĺ鱦׹޹⻪һʮףƾʧ
һĻֱʿλǰɵۣͿЦףҶ֮Ĳ࣬Ѿ޷ˡ
ʿŷ·Сһᵽ֮Ҷ־ͷſǣǾ̴һ
룬λþƣӦѾҵ˼˰ɣҶؿڵ
Ǿʿ졢̴ŷ˶һۣЦУǾˣˣ޻˵¥ӽƾ򺣴ʥã
ԣҶȴҡҡͷ¥ĻҵܴûܣҲܣ¥ǵģֻӽҪΨǴӣ
ǰߵʾѾ㹻ˡ
ʱ򣬵ȶǿöϢĳ̶ȵʱ򣬲ʾ⣬Ҳġ
ǾȻףҶνġΨǴӡȻǼ򵥵⼸֣϶кֶΡ
ңĶӣʿĶӣҶУҪ˼򵥵ľҶ棬ƺ̫ܡ
һ˵ԥҶ֪ʲô
ǳϣϣ֪ԪмΣҶͻʵ
Ǿһ㣬Ϸ֮٣а꣡
Ϸ֮٣ڰϣʿ
ԣҶЦһΪʲôҿǳ֮٣ʮ֮꣡٣䲻ʮ꣡
֪λܷ֮꣬ͻƵͨ񾳣Ԫأ
һ̴ŷɫ䣬Ǿʿ飬ȴÿɬޱȣĿǰ£˵ʮ꣬һ꣬ǶûκͻƵͨ񾳵Ŀܣ
з꣬ʮ꣬ɱλͻƵͨ񾳣ԪҶﲻݡ
Ե棿ǾʿͬʱǰһĽơ
׻˵ԽԽԽٽԽǾ񣬸Ǿʿ״Ŀǰ¥мѵʱ̡
ҵΪ֤һ޽ϵһ׷ǰɣúÿţ˵䣬ʮöϵϵƣͻȻʹҶ鸮зɳ
עɲǣҶ澹ȻǾʿʾ˵֮
Ǿʿ춼ɵӣ£ȫעĽҶݻĵ֮
ʱϵϢ˱仯ʿϢ쭣ԭ۷ΪȻʼͻƣͻơ
ֹӣǾ۷ΪҲʼͻơ
ʱ֮ҶһգոͻƵĸǾʿ˵ΪȴǼسڵڣٵ۷塣
ȻͬʱδĿҶ档
һʱҶǵΪһС磬ҶټݻƵĻǵΪ˳ͻƵأûκ⡣
ȻǵͻƣҶݻֻһӡ
λΪ꣬ҹҹĿ޴ۺޱȣ½ȱͽκΡ
ȱģֻ۵ƣһĸ򡢵㹻ǰۻµۺͻǵΪ쭡
ڣǸǾʿ죬ŷ̴ҶĻҲٻɣ
ֻҪʵΪЧΪͻƣ⣡˵ͨ񣬾ڻ£Ҷ濴Ī˵
˶һۣ·Īľһ㣬ǾҶҶʥҪЧ㾡˵
ʷһȫ˵ľ
ͳ½ǿΪһǣǶǻıңʥļƻ½
ԣҶҪ󣡡
˿ҶʱҶָͷһ¥¥̣֮Ҫ
ڶλ¥Ҫε¥Ҫ꣬ս꣡
ӽ¥ִҵͬʱ¥йʣҪᡣ
ʥҪǴӦǱʥҲ㣬ǲӦҶͻظһ˿ɷҲûʲôԼȡǣˣǾͲ˵ˣ


1420 ˮ쳣
Ҷ¥ĿǰµĸǾʿ졢̴ŷʱ˾޴ľ֮С
ҪҶʵ̫ˡ
ϣǴӦҶ֮¥⴫ǧĻҵͱѪеĳ׵ҶС
ͬʱǼҲͳ˱Ҷƿū
ǣҶָǻµĴȴޱȵջ
ǶڸǾʿ죬ԭѾ˼ˣѾ׼ǵҲ¥
Ҷ棬ȴǴı˵Ļᡣ
ˣѾ֤ˣ
ν˲Ϊѣ
ΪܹͻƵͨ񾳣˵ϣԪӼǧ꣬Ҳʲô⡣
ǧΪ൱ػһָϣ
̰οǡ
ֻҪлȥĻᣬ˭Ըأ
ڼֻҪܹȥֻҪԪ㹻ؽһҲֻΪѡ
ʵϣǽ¥ĻҵΪҶЧûκε
ҶɱǸǾĺʿĶִ𣬶ʲô
ڶǶԣΪԸԪһӣѹʲô
ǾģǱҶս£
ǿߣ½λߣΪūϻϣЩܲˡ
ǣҶֲʵͰ̬Ⱥȷ˭Ը⣬͸ɵ˭ֱɱ񣬷ɱ
ǰԪΪ¥ƬҵĴУ¾ƴȴҲϧڣԪϣȴϧ
ҪǣĿǰƴҲֹҶ˿
֪ǵĵģҶ£Ϊ֣սǵֻ꣬Ϊ˳״ǵģȫΪЧ
ս֮Ǹеĵλκεı仯һ㣬ҿԱ֤Ҷսô֪꣬ܲǰ⼸λʲô
аӵʱǲԸ⣬еĿ꣬ˣǵϵֻҪԸ⣬ֻ£ҾͿһѹ½ĸ֣
˵꣬ҶһĮóһʱɳ©˼ײ֮Ҫɱˡ
Ǿʿ졢̴ŷң㣬ж⶯ȴûȿڳ
ӵʱܿ͹ȥˣҶһߣֲѹ糱ˮһɢʱͬʱЦҶͷ
ҶʥǡԸ⣡
Ը⣡

˵ʵǿ¥½ܲľݵռʵиǾʿλ¥˽ܣҶŲǆôࡣ
ںĴ½Ҷֵ£ȱ˲š
Ǿʿııļһ
Ҷ˷Ѵշǵԭ֮һ
һʱҶͽǾʿ졢̴ŷˣĿеһ¥̳ˣȫսꡣ
ò˵ǾˣһϣҶΪûκֽš
ص¥̳ˣʮˣȫҶսꡣ
պ󣬿ǵ̶ȣҶʮ֮о¥ļߣܲס飬ѹڿǵķΧ֮ڡ
ʱҶֻҪͳƷ鵤ܹΪͻͽˡ
󣬸Ǿͽһߣ¥вƲܼƣǰǰݡ
¥תΪܣ¥ÿĲ仯¥ָƣǾ˿ĽݹвƲ
ϼ¼¥ĲƲҶЩ⣬ȻҶ沢ûпҶУһ
ɼƷ龧ҲĴ½Ʒʯ¥¥ĿǰʲԼĪ鼫Ʒ龧
ʲѣҪ¥һó鼫Ʒ龧Ǿòġ
ֿһʲҶͷ·һӸ˸ǾҶһӸ˸Ǿ
ӽȫչеЩҩģĵرͬʱ¥µеҩУʼرļʮҩġ
⣬гֵЩĵرһ̶ֹĲأİ취õ֣Ҷ
ЩֻҶƽͨĵһ
øǾʿЩ죬ԭΪҶҪ¥Ĺʲ֮һ¥ЩʲѾ׼
û뵽Ҷȴûôһ
Ǿǿ򣬹ʵҶʥϱߵĺЩҩģû̫;Ҫȫչ𣿡
ȫչ
סԺִҵܴۿۣҶȵ
ԣǾʿֻܿЦŵͷǡ
ˣĸһ鱨Ҫ½еĵ۹о鱨
ˣȥһҶ˵

Ǿ˶һۣѾҶ˼
飬Ǻ⣬ȻҲˣôûңڡ
ǻ޶룬˵ЩϹͷһ㣬ǵҶֱӶŭ˸߲ɱˣźá
ʥҪǰ˵֪ķλ˵λüأ¥е˽ǧ꣬Ҳûҵ˵ڵءʿ˵
𣿡Ҷһ̣¶һ˿صЦݣǲ֪ɲҲ֪߰ɣ
£Ҷʹĳȥ
ûãҶ˵ķٶɴȡһ˧ֱۣʯٸ·
ҪСèûڣҪСèڣһͬСè·Ҳʲô⡣
Сè֮ԲڣȴΪ˵õ˵ϳλá
Ҷ֮ǰ֪˵λޱȣҶ֮ǰλУҲֻĴλãǳء
£ҶǰͻƵ֮ͨķ˵̫ϳϳˡ
뿪֮ҶԸ¥˵󣬰ȴСè̫϶ĸ󣬸ǡ
ҶţСèڵڵΪǾԲ׷ġ
ҶӦУСèѾƶֹͣĳطӦҵڡ
ƾСè֮ӦһҶɹСèϣǣСèĵطȴһ޼ʵĺʲô졣
Ҷ֡
Сèһ֮ҶĿͿ˺Ǹ·һ㻺תľ޴кۡ
Сè˵̫϶ĸˣǽ޴֮ʧġ
ʥ¥ǧε˵ڣֹһηкۣǰڣԾֱ鲼кۡ
ǵʱжϣ˵ͨк֮󣬵ǣɳ֣ʱͬʱһλк̽·һ¥üҶʱ˵

Ȼȥǿк֮϶飬ôǸҲҸһһˣҶ۾һתʵ
дʥͬкβңǾʿͬʱЦ
ȻˣǾɣ˵ţҶ浱Ծк֮У˵ʵˮУҶ滹ûʲôµġ
ԾɲǣҶɺ͵ĺˮͻȻһ


1421 ̫
鸮кˮĲһĲһֺ΢ĸӦǷܲںˮˮƵĸӦ
ƺе·Ƶһ㡣
ҶЩ⣬ĺˮϵĺˮƣĳںУľɫһֵơ
·ȴúˮӦƵƣҶһĪĲ²⡣
еˮһ޴һ̣ԽתԽ죬뺣ˮвϢҶЩܿƵı
ˮУҶһҲнĳˮز
еĴ£ҶٶԽԽ죬ԽԽкۣͬʱˮܲĺˮƵԼӦȴԽԽǿ
к۳ȥСʱ֮Ҷǰͻһһмʮ׵ľ޴󺣵ɽǰ
ɽ棬¶··һĶԳɽ壬·һȮĴһ㡣
ɽڲʰɫһɫ磬Ϊ졣
ˮеѾƺҪյˣۿžҪյˣɽ֮У͵̽һ޴ޱȵȺ쳤࣬Ľǡ
⽫Ҷ˴һûüӦ޴ޱȵȺ쳤ͽҶסֲޱȵľϮֱҶʳɷ顣
ǱܵķӦһ㣬鸮к鱦һһڵа׾ĺֱӺȺ֮ϡ
ʱͽȺм˽̿ںڵĵȥɽҵĲ
ɽſɽ壬Ȼ£һ
ʱҶžޱȵķ֣ʲôɽɽһѪڡ
׼ȷ˵һ޴ޱȵ߿ڡ
¶ԳƵɽ壬Ǵޱȵ
⽫Ҷ澪һ亹һԺĺ鱦ٹ⻪һһа׺ʹǰſ˴졣
ҶƷɳʱ򣬾ͿˮһĸǾʿ졢ŷĿɿڴǰֲޡ
ǰֲһ׾췭ظضɽҡһ㣬Ҷ߿зɳ˸ޱȡ
ֲãǿ̽·ȥ޻أš
ԭ±ôһţΪߴͨ񾳵򺣴ʥЩߣ³֪
ҿǵʮ㣬ǿ߶ȥ޻أ͹Ϸ̽ҪȻǼ̼
ǰ޲ԣһӴ;ޱȵĺˡ
޵ı壬Ȼ޴ľʥҪһ
ʱһԴоŸŸԴԲĹĵģÿԴ϶ֻһĿǹԲ壬·һ㣬ѪڣȴĿֲ
ʱǰ޵İ˸ԴϰֻĿޱȵҶ棬Ҷ淽ӳǸԴͳ鴤ţϵѪˮ
ʥʲôޣΪʲôϷδǾһ˵
Ҷ˼һ£ûϴĻӦ̫־Ŀֻͷ棡
ԭҶҲǲϵǰֲ޵ģҶڳֹĸۡڶĺУȴع̫־ͷ档
־ͷ׺ޱȣڹżУǴ˵־ͷ棬ҲΪͷۡ
ںĴ½̫ѾֻһЩоԶСܻһҶû뵽½Ȼ׺׵̫֡
Եģǰͷ沢ǳ壬Ϊֻضѡ
ǰͷΪֻأǽųȥ½Ρ
˵ģҶа׵жǿҶһĴӲһǣҪˣǰͷ棬ҶаףȴûжˣֻһԴͣĳ鴤ţͣѪˮ
ͷŭţʣµİ˿Դ·һ㣬Ҷһˣֱ˶ɣ
ССҲǰ
һҶаٴй£һΣҶĲǾųĳԴľŸԴ֮µľĳ
аգЩ־֣׹ɢͷ氧Ųţ޴ε˵棬췭ظһĺ׽
ʥ쿴ƺһ죡ͷ޴ȥɲǣһɽľ޴󺣵׵죬Ȼ֡
ѵ
Ҷֹɲǣͷͻشޱȵ߳ηӣô
ŭ߳ɲǣǧϢߣʹӾͷܳҶһذΧ
򺣴ʥ
֣֣ͷ̫϶ĸһۣɫǾ䡣
ĸͷķĵ쳹ϴǧ겻ĹˣһкܣҲкһɡ
ǧ겻ĹͣͬʱϵȻˣϷϹͷҲöһඣ
һɲǣޱȵѪȴޱʢߣͷ·һ㣬Ӻ󷽵ϼ
ʥǸͷߣ˵̫ϴʷǸݳȧǸʵߣ˵̫ǡǾĸҶ洫
ͬһʱ̣ոյ̫ϴʷһĺȵ֣֣¥Σһˮˮմ˷أǲܸϷһĽǾ˵أ
Ǿʿû˵ЩŵĿҶ档
˵ʵ½ϣ̫ϳսںףǾͲһˣΧǧˮǿĿ߰ΧҶڣֱǾ
ǣο̫޾ͷģҶЩĲʵ
һ˵̫ϴʷ𣬲ĸԶһ䣬ʷҶĿͱùŹޱȡ
ͣλҪϴٰɣǣѪȴޱȵĳ棬Ԫǿ˲٣
Ѫǿλ챾Դ꣬ȴѾʼݽߣҲµûĻǵΪѾʼ˰ɣ
ȥʷҲܻ˾ʮѣĶϣӲдӣҲͶˡ
ҶǱΪΪǰǿˮһϢɢʵҶ;˽ˡ
㡭ô֪ʷĸϾǾ֮ɫ
ô֪ģһǾ֪ˣڲǣֻ롭ˣ
УҶͻȻ˫죬ˮɢɲǣʮָţ׵ˮʱ
Сġ
ʷ꣬ߵĺˮǱޱȼ͵һ㣬͵һգͽϢ
˵̫ϴʷ̫϶ϡϣܱߵǧλߣͬʱһͱߵĺˮʵʵ
˺ļµĺˮ˺ɱеҶ棬ΪԶǵ£ںף˵ǧˣˣҶĿǰҲܹɿơ
˵λ̫ϳϾĵڣҶ·ǣһ㣬ǰУӾͷһƹһƾצͳҶǰ
ϣһƽƽ˨ھͷ˫֮ϡ


1422 ָ㽭ɽ
飡
ҶһնǸƽƽ֮ϣԭƽƽ棬ʱƣһͨ졣
ھͷ˫㴦͵ս˾ͷ˫֮Уͷ·궼סһ㣬·һ㣬ŸԴ˦ţޱȵĲҽ
֣ҶЩ⣬ʷϣƾǣƺûס̫־ͷɣ
˵̫ϴʷУʱд˾֡
Ϊ˵£䣬Ҳе֣ǻ֣Ҷһͽˣ
˵ʵⱲӣǵһαܰ
˵֣Ǽٵģ
ǧӢдʱڵߣ⾪˵һĻ׵ɵˡ
ҶȴûôһշǣĿ⿴¥ĿǰĴ¥Ǿϣϣȸ̸̸ɣ
ǾʿȻҶ˼˵λ̫ϳһȻͽ¥飬ǵѡԼҶչֵһһ
Ҷ棬ȴǳʱоصſһƬˮȻҶ
Կܲܽ
ܿģҶͷ֣ܣ
ҲõĲϺ죬ʵϣϺһ㣬ǣһϾʹһĪϱܲķƣס
֮Ҫ
ֵһ˵ǣҶԭͣҶľͷ棬׵ʵˣһҶɢϢŵˡ
꣬Ҿʹ뿪ΣҶȻžͷ淢һ괫
˵Ҷү⣬ܲܲգҶ滳Ԫİͻ
ΪʲôҶЩɻ
ֶĵ⣡ǲˬһﾫͨкüǿ츳ͨսȻǿ̫ʱֿŹļ
̫Ŵܣϲּһ￴һԺػ
ڵģүΪļʧֶ֣ǲˬ˵
˵գ˵ˣҶٲ뷨ˣǲɵӡ
ܹðʧֵļһȥ
ʧֵǸһǰĵļһ͸ճûʲô𡣡˵
ˣϴ󲻾ˣûм򵥿ݵʰһķӣҶʵ
ǣ֮У˺üǣ޷ǿпƵ̫޾ͷһ֡
ͷоͷͷǾŸʵڵķһ㣬ÿԴУһꡣ
챾ԴĸԴУͲö֪ˡ
˾޴ľŸԴ뽫û裬Ҳǲܵ顣
ûˣҶÿһԴеѰһ챾Դ꣬ҵˣͷҲͱҶˡ
Ҷ淢ȥ괫ͷûκλӦƺȤҶЩѡ
Ҷ뵽ЧķˣǲͿˣ
תһ룬ҶĿͿ˵̫ϴʷ˵пͷķš
ϣ̸ˣҶʵ
ǾɫЩѿʥͬ⳼ԭӴʥǲǣȴԸſ걻ʥս꣡
ԣҶ涸ЦǸҪΪ㲻ſ꣬Ҿûˣ
ԭŻҪǣҪǼ棬ڣ棬ǲҪģ
˵䣬Ҷָһ˶ˮƾ۳Ȼͺݺݵĺ˵̫ϴʷԺ
ʱ˵̫ϴʷ۾һ͹һۣʹ˹ȥ
˵棬Ҷɫ絶һ̽ʷ鸮֮УϢ֮ʷһ飬һ챾ԴͱҶս鸮֮С
ҶǾʷ
һɲǣҶ΢΢һߣһ̩ɽǰɫ̫ϴʷ٣ޱȷҽ
Ҷȴûκֹͣ˼߶ĸϢ֮ݵ̫ϴʷϺһ㣬ӹ˼£ޱȵĲҽţϢ֮£ˡ
ʧˣ
ǣȴûκȥЦλ̫ϴʷһֵĿҶ棬ǿսֶ꣬Σ̫ˡ
Ǵǰ˳ҶĸǾʿ졢ŷˣʱҡ
ҪȻʷڳܵһУҲҪһ⡣
ϢӲƵ̫ϴʷʥҡˣҡ˰
ҶȻ󣬺һ۵ĸҪ̸Ҫԣվ
һʱ䣬˸Ҷӣ̫϶ĸǣҲԹԵĵԴ
ͬ¥һ㣬Ҷֻԣߣֻǽλ̫ϳϣϵȾԼǸδִƴȨꡣ
ĺͼҶս˵֮ͻ
Ϣ֮Ҷʷĸùľ޴ͼ֮ϣֵĻ˼Ȧһߡӽ𣬳ط¥ʵʿƵĵ֮⣬һĺ򣬾ȫ˿ơ
ңʵʿƣ֮ڣҪǳ׵һͳ
ܲҶ˸ոսʷĸˡ
˶һۣĸˣʥޱȵĹҪʵʿƣ˵ʱ䣬ǲ
ǼأҶĳһָߣǧ׺Ĵ½ĴܽõϵʽʽƷ
Ҫ֪½ö࿪ߣ˵ƷƷòϡ
ʽģʽƷ¶ɵսźεȵ
ˣЩԹˣҪ꣡ĸ۷Ź˵
һĻԹ۵ͻȻһĪĽ
һӣ˶ͱҶһΪָ㽭ɽҲˡ
ǾͺãеĲϣȫչѰɣԽԽãܹ⣬ٲǵĺô
Ҷ׳һ¥һģһ
ЩȫҶΪٻƽͨ׼
ˣڣԸ˵˵ƿͷģҶʵ
ʱˣˣȻκ˶ҶˣܣѹͲʲô
ģ
׼ȷ˵ƾͷˡ
˵صУ˵Ĵʼ˷ʱ򣬾һľͷһЩõĽơ
ЩЩֻҪֳͷͲṥ֮ͻһˡ
صĴڣҲ⡣
ö֮ͷͳѵػޣκһк۽дߣɾͷʳ
ں׳ɹô˷֡
ľͷĽƣ·ɣҶȵ
Ϣ֮һֻ̤Ҷ棬ͷͻطһݵѹָк͹иУ


1423 ̶Ϲ
ô˵أ̤֮ҶĺᷢĻԾˣָоص˴󺣣ͻصɽһ㣬ƺһĪиС
ͷĪѹָУʵԴڿ־塣
ϢһֱܵķĵĿ־壬ֱһԺ޵ĸо
ָо֮£ҶҴƱǰٷְҶõĺйϵ
ܿģҶ˾ľͷߵļ߷Χµһ̶
̶ˮ֮Уһ̦޺ʯʯĺڣϷǳͨڳʸˣ˭ҲΪ
ΪͨޱȵǴʯ֮дġ
󡭡ʥ㿴ʯصķƣǽӡðƳɷǾͷ治κΣ
Ȼڵλߵ̫ϴʷûг׵תƹɫҶľƣЩӲ
ϧǣʯϱߵӡķƵܹǾͷη壬ܹھͷߣȴ޷ʹ̫޾ͷ棬򡭡
ʷУź֮⣬ײǾͷܹʹһͳˡ
һ㣬Ҷɣͷ̫ޣֻصΪǣһͨ񾳵Ĵڣ¶޷Ը
½Ҷ֪ĸУλѪڣҲǾͷĶ֡
ʯ
Ҷ滺Ľִʯʱ˳ʯˮ̶йȥ
ˮ̶Ҷ𾪵ģȴˮ̶޴ڵĿֲ
һޱȵηˮ̶Ҷ˳ˮ̶ײ·һĵ̽ȥ
ոɲǣˮ̶ܲηһɲǼȫ⻪š
ʱһĪĿֲʹˮ̶ײ𣬷·ˮһҶ
䣡
Ҷϵʯ߸ߵǹɳֱҶڣҶϰףѪ磬ޱȵĹ۵
Ǿ˵ľ˷׷ΧҶߣ
ʥ㡭û°ɣ
ʥ
Ҷûж·һ㣬һĶЩΧ۹ļһҶ뿴˵£ЩһʲôӦ
˵ʲôģҶַӽˣ
ҵǣǰЩϽǣûһ̰ĵһ
Ϣ֮Ҷʾ˺
ǰԵޱȵķں֮࣬˿̵̻ĲҶڡ
˵ǣְԵޱȵҶתйȴܹĻգڻյĹУ׳Ҷĺˮ
ÿһεƺĹ⻪Ҷĺˮǿһ֣Ҷ澪㵵ķ֣ÿôһƲ൱һµջ
̶̰ʱҶˮǧȱƣǿһء
ڲдְԵηƷɾ֮ҶͻȻȥ̽һǸʯ
̶ڵεٷһ£εƲڵҶƣΣĺˮͿԴﵽͨһ۷塣
˼ţҶͻظоĿעӣ̧ͷ˲䣬Ϳǰ̶ʯߣ֪ʱһڵԴԲԲ۾ʱĵעҶ棬ͨ͸
Ҷʧɫʲô⣬ȻܹϢĳǧ֮ڣע
ҶĿ⿴ȥʱ̶ˮ˷һֻ޴ޱȵϹ̶ڸֵ֣ɲǣҶͰľһٴξ䡣
ǾʷҲͻȻֵϹ꺧Ĵʧɫ
˵̫ϴʷָϹǺηôҪأ
Ϲȴ˿ûʷ峺ޱȵĿ⣬ĿҶ棬⡣
ǹǰ
ǺˮŸڳֹĹǰ
Ҷ浱ճʱ̽ˮŸʱں̶ǸϹ꣬ӵǰϹͨ͸
ֻǵҶҲδȫòʱҲ޷׶϶ǰϹǵϹꡣ
û뵽ȻūūϣͳУǰϹһΣһ̬ǡ̬ӵձߡ
ϣ
ƺҶٴαޱȲ졣
Ҷǵã⺮̶Ϲһ棬Ϊ⺮̶Ϲ꣬ŵõ˺̶ײĺ龧Ҷİˡ
ĪĳҶЩԽˡ
½ʮѡߣһܹôˣ뿪½ٻ
Ĺģδ̷
Ϲޱȣ仰ȴҶޱȣ뿪½飬˸һǰĴ½ļ⣬ֻʣλڣ֪ǰϹ꣬ε֪ģ
Ҷ滹ãһϹ仰ĸǾʿ졢ŷࡢʷĸˣȴǷ·һ㣬׵ľˡ
뿪½
ٻ
Ȼ뿪½ٻķ
ǰ򺣴ʥҶС
һʱ䣬˾ϲ֮࣬ңԸȷѡ
ЩΪļһڴ飬ʵ뿪½ϹŲƪмصǸ硣
ϧǣôˣûκ·
񣬸ոսսҶ棬ȴз
˲Ϣ䣬ǰеĲԸɢһɶ
ǾǻϲޱȣΪףǰϹ걬ܱҶս꣬Ѿһʸˡ
ҪȻ˼򺣴ʥƾʲô뿪½
ܣǾԿ֮ˣǲԸ֪ġ
ǣҶصȴǰѡߣʲô˼
ܼ򵥣νĺˮŸŵصȵȣѡѡߵһַʽѣνŸؾһġ
ϹԣȥЩţϸһ룬ҲкܴĿܡ
Ҷ˸ǾʷˣϹϸ
⺮̶Ϲ꣬ҲﲻݣҶ汬һһţν
ʵѹͲʲô


1424 ֮
Ϲԣ½й̫źĸŸؾеľųɣȫǹūһΪġ
Ϊ˸ǵˣ̫źѡˡ
ǵ̫ź̫ˣϹ˵ǵļļУӦʮˡ
ǰϹ꣬Ѿǵʮһū
٣Ǽݲסµš
ǵڣҲλ̫̫̫̫棬Ҳ̫źĵһūΪĸߣļأΪѾ˽ԪҲʮơ
֮ʱҲˣ½ǿǧ꣬ȥˡ
һūĺŸ׵ѪµĸֱΪƵͨ񾳣һǧ֮󣬻Ԫݽߡ
⻹ǹԪƳԭҪǻͨ壬ͨ񾳵Ϊǧ궼Ǻ
ڴ֮󣬹ūԪһһÿԪѾꡣ
һūΪﵽأѾǼˡ
ңҪǣй̫źȱʧˡ
޲вֻڿڿഫ֮ȱʧˡ
ĿǰΪֹǰʮһūҲֻ֪ˡ
̶Ϲ˵ʮһӪŸؾѡߣҪ̫źĴдȥ
ǣ̫Ѷˡ
Ǳû̫źĴУ̫źĴУֻ̺̫źһӡ֮С
ҪõǧѣҲֻѡ
̶Ϲ˵ΪֵǧйغŸؾ֮ģֻطʵڵġ
ǾǺʵڵĺعǰ
Ҷ֮ǰĺˮŸдӺˮŸõĺ飬ǹūһֱʡ
Ǹ飬ֻǵ汲һκѪ۶ɵġ
ϧǣֻ޷еĶ̫Եˡ
ʮһаһֺС
̫Զģ̶ϹѾǲˣ󲿷ֶûиһڵģˡ
һˣǺ۹Ŀۣλڻõĺ֮󣬾֮ľʧΧ£һƬĻҵһͳ򣬺Ϊ۹
ϧȴûסĽɽͼ
һˣǽˣ˵ǰӵĻԵҶҪ
֮£ںعڻһֺУ֮󣬾ȻԵɺϵɱˣһĳΪ˵
ҪǣѹͲһ
̫ź֮ʱķѣһֻצ׹亣֮γɵ
˵Ҷһ
ȥԲǧСǧ˺ɳ࣬ǴСҲʮ־ˡ
½һֻצаС
һֻצаС̫źж
ΪȻ޷צ̺̫źУצ֮ڵÿһ൱һͣɢϢĺ
Ӱ֮棬ΪȻͻͽ
λ̫ϳѪ棬ҲΪԭ
ˣ½ȱҲֻڴˡ
ıࡣ
Ǵĺŵڵĺع͸ˡ
Ǻعǵ̫ź֮ʱİ׹˴֮ߵ̺ľѪط򡢻δɢȥԼݻɵһع
࣬ҶԾ
Ҷļǵãں۹̽ʱǼɫɽ϶ѻƷ龧
ǿһͷľ޴ɽ
زڲͽļƷ龧̫źжǿ
̫źĲΣ״ﵽһʲôĲΣ
ϧǣ⣬̶ϹҲشʮһټһ󲿷ʱ䶼ڳ˯ļ̫̫ˡ
϶ԴڵһūµĹء
һū֮еûãͷ½һصǲȱġ
£ͨӿͻƵͼѡ
ǿͻƵΪҲֹͣǰ£ĺУҲǺô
ǣ̶Ϲڣһūʹ˾Ͷ¹أֻҪŴ˿뿪½ΪͻƵͨ񾳵ĺѡߣŻᱻ϶Ϊ
ֻ˳֣ǹūŻ֡
Ҷ棬½ʮһһ뿪½ΪͻƵͨ񾳵塣
ǹūڳԭ
֪Щԭ򣬴̶Ϲ̵Ľ֮ЩҶЩеʵϣȻ˵ʵ̫źĲצצ֮ڣ̺̫źһִС
ôλõһֺУ
ҶĿǰ֪ġ
̫źǿ޷ݣҶ֮ǰõνĺУֻǹūһ嵷ĳһƤëѡ
ҶצڵĺУǻжǿ


1425 
û̫źĲצҲȷʵ̺̫źһִУĴС
ĿǰҪһݴУȴǲ̫ܣ̶Ϲ˵
ô˵һڲܣҶЩʧ
̫ź֮ߵ֮ЩġһߣϣΪͶˡ
̫źΪ壬ʮʮΪ֮ϡң̫źһ壬һЩ֮⣬ʹ
鱦һС
£ȱ̫źĲϵĶצҲǲġ
˵̶Ϲһ£ūһЩд䣬̫źŵʱÿһӲ鱦ĺ
ˣ˲ֻצܣҲԸ鱦ں鱦鱦֮
ǣһֻצֲͬһĺ鱦鱦㷢˾ȡġ
̫źӵ̫źͬԴпȡ
ͬԴҶĿһ˵
壿
ûܹ£ôȡ̫źצĿԾͷǳ󣡡̶Ϲ˵
¡
ҶԿЦһ£壬ףСҲѣ󣬾ͻԽԽѡ
ҶĿǰǺոСɣǽǰ̫ӰųѪԼҪһǧͨǿܽҶĺƽɡ
뿿Ѫ뽫Ӵƽ۷״̬ĵֻɱӣʮͰ
ǻɸ߼צѪͻɱɱļ٣и߼צһ徫ѪҪģʮٱļ١
֮ҶʱҪȡ̫źĲצϲܡ
ǵҶ潫ĵ£һȡ̫źצ̫źĴУ񣬵ʱҶΪǻ췭ظı仯
ȻʱȡôſڵǸ̫޾ͷ棬֪н֮Ҷʵ
ԣ̶Ϲ΢΢̫޾ͷ棬ԭ׽ŵūѣ˵Ĺһ׹˴
ϧǣȱǾͷʱҲˣֻǹӲд꣬ͽ
֮ǰǾͷ潫һԴ۳һö浰ǧķ֮󣬲ǰֻͷ档
ϧǣ½ȱϡͷɳ
ˣͷҲ侪ˣ㽫ūĵڶԵǣūĵڶ˷ӣڴˣԱǿơ
ҪʰūԴ߶ԼʢҪƣҪúʵơ̶Ϲ˵
Ȼ
ʱ֮ں̶Ϲ߶ƿ֮£ͷԹԵͳ챾Դ꣬Ҷ˳־ǣսˡ
˵λ̫ϳϻЩΣǧһֱŵľͷ汣Ӫİȫ
ͷ汻Ҷߣ˵ϳһȻϣеϧ
˵˼ʧȥȻϣҲʲô
˵Ǿͷ棬պ˾Ҫʧȥ
ò˵ͷ̫ޣ֮ǰǸ̫źŵģմ̫Ŷ֣ǾͲǸǵġ
ͻǬ仯֮ͨͱСԻɰƴС
⻯ɰƴСʱͱúܿɰ
ɫϾſɫͬԴǷޱȵݣȥҲɰࡣ
ֵģҶͽͷӽ˻
ҶתĴ½һ꣬ͷʵͻɱ
ƴСľͷӽҶĻҶĻʱ
ͷ棬СèĽ߰
СèãڻѪףɶԴ̫Ϣľͷη壬ö
ǣĽ߰Ǹǲµ⣬ͬʱΪȷϴĵλھͷ汻Ҷӽ֮󣬵һ£צӸ˾ͷһơ
ʱոձҶʰһľͷԾͼ
Ϊ걻սԭ򣬾ͷҶ棬ȴ˿СèС
ŭһһԴһ̽ͽİȥһԴһĿ
ô£ͻȻͷ֣ôһ⣬ȻûʲôͷƺʲôûԵһ㡣
ͷСèСһ
СèһҶñѪϵģһֱҶڳģʹҶıԴϢ
ԣСèСʰ𰢳ǲҽ졣
Ǿͷֻǣս꣬ѹܴҶıԴϢԣԪ鰢֮ҧ죬׽ٿԴ࣬Ҳܴһ˺
㲻ϡ
þͷ治ˬˣˬļһȻʲôûԵ
ǣĿͿСè
׹ʢͬʱſԴ쳤̽ҧСè
СèȻԴУѸͷ
ȻСèΪߵ㣬Ҷ滳ȫӲٶƣͷŸԴһ䣬ŵСè
ĶҶһۣһ
ҪǾͷСèˣǻ˵ã
ܵģҶʹ߶
ھͷԴҪҧСèʱ򣬾ͷͻزҽһſԴҵĳ鴤
Ҷ˽һ£⵱еԭί
ʵϣԪ鰢Ǹһƺõģƺ˾ͷԣСèǹʹˡ
ͷһϵϵˡ
Ҷ沢ͷƽԴ̫򵥣ǾҪܷȻСèצӣֱǻ̫ͷˡ
ԵģҶͳ׵Ĵ߶ٴν̾ͷˣǿСèͰǰСݡ
ͬʱҶҲûŹԪ鰢
ȻСèİΣƣҶԲ⣬߾ͷǿһ㣬СèҪˡ
Ҷ»ʹ
Ҷָĳʱʱļϼ׹⣬õԪ鰢ҽиͣ
һСĳ˯ԽԽ޷ˣٲѵҶҲˡ
ʱҶޱȵĻССڣҶܣԪ鰢ġ
ʥ˹еʽ𡢹̶ʲиĵرĿæµ˽һʱͳƳ̫϶ĸҶһ
ҶԵĿһۣ˵ʲУ龧Ŀֻ¥֮׬龧۾Ӫ¥ǿһ㡣
ǣ˿Ե֣е̣Լĵرȴֱ¥ɡ
Ҷͽ嵥ӸĸȻŸǾʿ졢ʷĸ˵棬ֱ˵˵
жٲƸҲҪǣҽǵһ嵥еĵرĿȴԲ١
ңţѾ²⵽ʲô
죬Ҿ͵ǵ棬¹أ
Լ굽һԺһ뿪½һΣʱһһ뿪ǣޡ
ʱ˭Ѽе嵥ϵĵرһͿԱһҶһԱͻƵͨ񾳣
˵仰Ҷһ٣ʹƾʧ


1426 ֮ı
۹ŴŹ壬ϱˡڴڣŹһݴİɫѿ
ģܣˣԹҪɽȢףǺãŹε˵
ЩΪҶĹϵܱΪߣҲڵĳˣԣ˴ʱƽȵĶԻ
Źһܻûδ˵ʦȿˣţֲǲ֪ܵ飬һɻؾǣѯ
ԣŹЦʦãΪΪʲôˣǸӣǰǰ˼żʮˣϷؾ˼ʮΣǲ
Ҫǣסŵ˵ţͳ̾һ
ʵ⻹첻㡣
ԸҩƵҩΪΪ£ΪҶشڶǽȡȲ㡣
һȣھǳݵӣھרѪʳͻҶĴ³һꡣ
귢չʹ˼ʹ֮£ͷñ֮ǰҪ֡
ңԹڵƿصĸӳס
£ǵסˣöҩҩɽֶȥҽŻ۹ʩѹڣԭڵĹӦ಻˵չĵҩݵļ۸ȫѹϡ
ִΪ̵ĸо
֪ģ۹ĶӼ۹һλʵŵѡ֪ľͿܡ
Ȼͬ⣬Ҳô⼸ʩѹֻƣԽԽ˵ҲӲˡ
һݴŵݹŹЩԲסˣǰһĻ
ţܵ£ֲǲ֪£޿ܣ˵
һĿɬҲѰ
ʦǰУڶӵ뷨ˡ
ƽ⣬صŷģѾѶ˷ɰ׽㣬ɰ׽ǻͻġ
ֻҪɰ׽һˣͻ¡
ŹɬܰһǰʹѶηɰˣԷˣ
ңǵ鱨Ҷ滹ηɰףѾʧˣǺ½ûǵϢˡ
ηɰײ˵Ҷ棬ǷǰҹҹҶϢڡڡ
ܣȰ㻹İɣһȰഺŰܣ
ţģǶԷɰ׽㻹֣ҾͻᶯѶóһöɫѶ
ǣʵ
Խϵƽ̹澭ķѶҶ뿪ʱ˵ˣֻҪҷöѶƣʲô£λƽ̶ҵģ˵
ŹԣȴεĵܣţҶ϶йĲáûУ澭̫ˡ
ҪǸǻ۹£ͻᱻ۹ĸΧԪ۹Ҳһ֡
ʱ򣬹澭ܻܲ뿪˵Ļܹ˵㣡
⡭
뵽һ㣬ҲЩˡ
ͻȻ䣬һʵܣģܹ˵㣡
͵һŵͷһ£ҡҡͷҶ磬ⲻ̫ܣѵһ
ŻͷܣͻȻʹסˡ
ɵĴģ̲סһ£ͻȻͳǰҶ棬ЩţΪǻþ
ֹܣǱ˻Ź壬ޱ֮࣬ڲ۾Ϊǻþ
ʵǣҶֵ̫ͻأˡ
ûиоκǰĹ߶ûб仯Ҷͳǵǰ
ɵѾͷңҶֱۡ
ִҶָܵҶָϵ֮͵𲻿˼֮ɫ󣬾˽ҶĻ
Ҷ磬ôŻˣܴſǻ˳
Ҷ§ܣһǸΡ
˵ʵģҶʲôҶߵʱߵǣ޹ңÿ껹һʱȥչҶĸĸ
ģһˣûˡ
һᣬҶŽĿ⿴ɴ֮еŹ塣
ţǸӸҴܵ⣬²һССĻӸɣأŸεԭɣҶʵ
Ź忴Ű죬ٴοЦ˧Ҷ֮Ȼ鴫ոջתһ۾Ϳµıʣ
Ҷ˧ʵ±ǸӼܵ⣬ֻ΢һԭ
Ҷ˧뿪Щ꣬ŷʹ˼ʹͼΣ۹Դûڵĸֻйͻͽ֮Ҷ˧ս֮ǰŴȵ
ʵ͹ˣ۹ͻڷһɨǰ֮⣬Ҫȵš
ǣҶ˧ʵ̫ˣûȷϢ֮ǰȴֲΡ
ǣǾͽܵ⣬ԱƻΪ뿴ķӦ˵ԵʵȻپǷţ
ҪȻҲϾʮΣɳ˴󳼸ڵĳϷʩѹ
ô̽ǻܳˣʱӦòˣſʼţǶӼŻ᳹׵ķֱƻ飡Ź˵
һһԵıʱ͵Բ˫ĿĶŹ壬£㷽ô˵
ٴοЦ£Ҹ˵Ͳ˵ʲô𣿡
ھȻϵǺ˰ʹҶЦһԾСèıϡ
ţûеȥһ˻ڣҶʵ
忴ɢſֲϢСèЩԥҶ˧һˣǲס
ߣ£ǲ£˵ţֱ
ǶȥˣϷǲȥк𣿡ΣֻӲͷƤСè
Ҷ˧ƴöˡ
ڱϣʮפҹ
һ·ϣŹ冪¸ͣҶȴֻܳһȦ磬ֻңĹֱš
Сèٶȼ죬̶һʱ͵˻ɽϿգʱҶɢȥ硣
ɢȥͬʱһӻڵӳҶŭʲôˣȻҴɽţ𣿡

СèһХ˷Ŀ·ˮһɢһѲɽӣûʲô£ͿѪӵͿ׹ȥ
ͬһɲǣСèǿֲϢʱɢ
СèϢһɢǿĳ̶ȣʱûھޱȵĿ˻ɽһӡϡ洫Ϸ׷ʾдӸɽ߳
Ҷ棬ȴ˿żǵĻɽ󳹵׿
Ժ鱦׹ٹ⻪һһڵа׾ŻڵĻɽȥ
һɲǣĲѵŹ۾͵ֱˣܵʦˣҲɵˡ


1427 
¡¡
쳹УǧΪδ˹ƹĻɽػĻֽһ׹˺顣
Ҷа˳ƴƿĻɽйȥ·һСɽ壬ֱӱĨ˰ࡣ
ɽʮкüʮڵĵӡ
һĻڵ˺ŹɵˣҶҲһ
ֱӽһɽĨ࣬Ҳ̫˵ɣ
һ½Ĵ½Ҷˡ
Ĵ½ĵ֮ޱȣǴػգҪȱ½ӵļ͡
ҶаںĴ½һȥһʮĴӣҪĨһɽ壬ѹܡ
½ȴ
Ҷڿ˺½ձݣںĴ½Ҷʹ̵Ҳ޷úĴ½ձѿһ
Ҷת½һа֮£˵ڵĻɽ󣬾½ձݣҲ˺
ڣ׾˾ҵĻƽ̷ˣո̤ţͿɽ屻ĨƽһĻ
ɽ󱻱俪£Խܡ
½Щ֣һԺ俪ڵĻɽ
ǣֱӱһɽĨƽףӰУ½ûֲĴڰɣ
ֵǣĨƽɽ֮ϣǻڵĽλ̫ϳϵһλ޵ɽ塣
ɽϣλΪߴ￪ص̫ϳ֮⣬ʮλ̫ϳµĻڵӡ
Ϊӻ꺣ȡ
ڣ׹ºüϢʱȥˣȴһӰûг
֮꺣ĵӣص̫ϳϣˣһ׹֮»ҷˡ
ʱһʹĨ˵Ľźֱš
Ϊƽ̵ΪҲǿضѡ
֮һ׹Ǻڵɽ£Ҳ˭֪»ҷ
ˣ㲻һֱҶĳҶĳˣοҶĳҶըװڻϿ
ͷͶµӰǴĨƽɽ壬һʱ侹Ȼ֪Ӧ
ʵǣҶֶΣѾ֪
Ҷȴ˷ʱ䣬һʹƮ䵽˷ԣָһڻ۹һԾŶķˣСһ㱻ҶҶҶ澶ֱ˻ڵŴ
Ҷסһɲǣ˾ʹ߶ǣҶǰһͽ͵ġ
˸оǵ쫷ġֻǱ˺Х֮һ㣬һǰûκεá
Ϣ֮󣬷˾ͳ׵ľˡ
֣þȫҲ޷ҶʩϵĽһ˿һ
ò˵ڻмĹĵӣƽ̾ͶͱҶܣӾųҶ档
Ҷ涯Ҷĺ󱳶̽˾ſ˶ޱȵԴһţͽĵȥ
ǳ棬ʵ̫Ѫȡ
߳һҶͨһصϢɢǿֲѹ֮£ڵĵӾͲĹڵء
һЩΪµĵӣǱǿֲѹֱƽ˵档
ֲѹ֮£ƽ̷˵񣬾ͱþޱȡ
ǰҲһĸ֣Щǿǻƾ˺ս˻ˣҲܻǸɵԷ
ǣƾҶɢϢ˾Ѿף˺սҶѾûκˡ
УһֱûŹͱˣһĻΪΡ
һ۹Ⱥ۵Ļƽ̷ˣҶǰȻСһ
Ϣ֮ҶܣСһŷˣŲ߽˻ڵŴ
һӣҶӿ˷ϵĽƣ÷Щ⣬û뵽Ҷ澹Ȼ
ʵҶҶʮţڵķˣҶܸϢҶҲ׾ٵĽ׽
ƽ̣£ӦɣҶ濪ʵ
ʵڿܵɲǣ˾ôˣԭһУµļƻ
ļƻ֮УģҶ汻ƳˣҲȥλӵ鷳鷳ǸˣҲͲô
Ҳ벻Ҷ澹Ȼǿơ
˵Ҳֱ˵ĵҶ˧£ǷĳпҶ˧Ҫʲô⳥ܿڣĳֻҪܹ
ԣҶȴЦ⳥ģҶĳһˣΪǵ⳥˵ʵ˵⳥ڵĻҵҶĳֻ۶ϡ
һȻƺ뵽ʲôɫѩޱȡ
һ£һʱ֮ڣҪǸӵͷҶȵ
÷һԹԵͷû⣬һʱ֮ǸӼͷ͹
ڶ£ſ꣡
һ˵ͱñȰֽҪף
ҶҲӳһͼöҩʮöƷ鵤
ݹЩҩ֮ڽΪ۷塣ҿͻƵͨ񾳶ڻ£ܲӴһ֣ҶѾ˳ޱȡ
ȻҶ濪˵ͱþޱȡ
ܹûڴˣܵҴ֮û˵ķˣǿ׵ۡ
˼Ϣ˾ѡķſꡣ
Ϣ֮󣬻ڵһƽ̾͹ҶǰΰҶ档
ΰԸķˣҶͷһˣǸۣˣ治ġ
ɣǰˣֻҪΪİ£Ǿõġ˵ţҶ潫һ׼õĴָŵ˷ǰ
һǧ׺Ĵ½ʽһʽм׺Ĵ½ͨǴµĻȴޱοĹ
ҶļƻУ½ҪԴ֮һ
½ּ˶ӵػ֮гɳߣ־ǶҪĴ½ǿĶࡣ
һĴ½ò˶ãͻᱬǱˡ
Ҫһͳ½Ҹµʱ䣬׵ջ۹۹ĻңѾûдڵıҪˡ
֮Ҷ˵
һͳ½ȴǱҶ뷨ˣͱ˷
һͳ½ΰҵҶ꣬ƺ㲻ʲôˡ
Ҷ˧ģ£ֻҪһ£¾ܹƿػ۹ƻ۹⣡˴˰Ʊ
Ǿͺã
ͷ֮ʣҶȻǷݼϰĵر嵥÷ռ
һʱ֮󣬵۹λӼԴҵڵɽǰʱҶʹ뿪˻ڣ
Ҷһͳ½ļƻѾʼںͻ۹Ǹոտʼѣ


1428 ̽
йһͳ½ļƻҶùܶΡ
һǿһͳ
Ҷ̸ֱڣһͳ½
Ҷ֧֣²½ͳһ½Ҳûκ
˵ģʽͻ··һַͳһ½ָտɴҪģֻʱѡ
Ҳǡʱ䡯⣬Ҷ
ַһͳ½ҶҲҪʮʱϡ
Ͼ̻ڣµ֮󣬻Ҫһʱ׳ʵٴš
ۣһʧ밵Уһãܾͻ̶֮С
˵ģŵĹؼʱ̸£ܻڵĴ¡
ֻҪô½ͳһʱ䣬ܾͻɱӣܶʮ꣬Ҳʮꡣ
ʱ䣬Ҷ޷ܵġ
˼ǰҶѡһһͳķ򡪡ҶԳշͿ½ȻЩ˿ٵͳһԸڵķ
ҶԸԵƿЩ˸ͷͷԳһ˲䡢ַĴͳһ
ַŵǣñƱʱ伫̣ķǳСһʱ䣬ҶͿ½ͳһ
ȱҲԣʱڲɽͷϵӣǳԣּܿյ۹߲ĿԣֿԺܴ
ҶԸͷͷԿ֮ǵľƿأֻҪҶһ죬Ͳܳ֡
Ҷһ첻ˣô˲ַĴͳһ۹ǻ̷ֱݡ
һ㣬Ҷ治ں
ֻҪţܹ½һ첻ˣĻˮ죿
ǣҶĿǰж
Ҷӻڳַ֮һѣ·ʱ򣬾ͽԪ۹ĽԪƽ뺣սˡ
뺣ߣƾѡ
ǣڸǿǰֿȴ΢΢
׵շ˽Ԫƽ뺣֮һߵĹŰҶȴûȥֱ۹ڡ
Ҷ֮շ˺뺣Ϊ֮ǰйĽ棬֪˾֮ѵõ˲š
ǸǸأܾͻᱬ˵
Ĵ۹֮еĹŰûʲôҶ͵ġ
ңҶ˲ַ۹УҲֵ֮ġ
̸ڣҪֵģҪȫˣĵ׳
ԣڵķ֣ȫһ
ص۹֮ҶһʱǴȥԸĸĸ
겻ܵҶѾϴĸӣѾĿʼ̵ҶˣҶ֮ǰµĵҩ֧֣ҶȻʮ꣬ͷѾһĳˣڵѪǳޱȡ
ҶܵҶõʮͿѪˣʱǾž޵
ŶҶʼϰ䣬Ҷ¸ɣÿŹӶٶҶ䣬ĸ׽ѩˡ
Ҷջû죬Ϳʼ߶Ҷˡ
˵ϴҲϴСˣߵϱҲüôͲұأ
һ䣬ĸ׽ѩһָ߰ͷ㿴һܶһɰһһ˵ҲĸˣôͲұһӹأ
£ܼģӣһһʱ䱧㿴ҶЦ
׽ѩȴǰⶼˣҲûӰ
ҲܣһΣ뿪֮ǰǲܶˣͱߣ׽ѩ
һԵܱ˸ҶҲεĿЦ
˵Ҳе֣ĸ׽ѩԣߵŮ˲࣬ѶĲ⣬ܡηɰ׸¡
ˣ˭ĶӶûж
ҶҲЩżΪԽߣѪԽѡ
ûУԺǻѡ
ĸ׽ѩըʽ߶˴ʱĸףҶȴֱڵŴ
͵õ֪Ź澭г·߳뾰ˣѾڵȺˡ
˵ʵҶ⼸λһֱǺ𾴵ģûǣûҶ档
ԴǣȻǶԴ˺뺣ֱңҶļƻУں̣δ½ͷʽȻһ
ŴڣҶʵʵĽļƻŹ澭˵һͨȻ⼸λޱȵ𾪡
ͬʱ滹йغĴ½һ£⼸λи׼
ţʮͰѪ㰴ݵһݴҺÿһݴҹ֮УһѪȻѡҳϿɿĵò˶ãǵΪͻͻͽ
ǼλҲһǿΪǿȴȵӡ
֮ʱһעⲻܹױҶ˵
Ѫ
Ź澭һǴ˵ӵצѪ
ûҶ˵ͷһͰѪ൱½֮ǰޱȵѪʮͰ
ϣһ֮ڣЩԴһǧڵߣٰߡ
ټҵԴбʮ֮ڣűضԳΪ½һҶ˵
ԣŹ澭˵ͷЩţЩ꣬û˵һջǣҪһͳ½ҪִţϷʵǡ
ͻȻ䣬϶һۣ괫һᣬŹ澭ͻؿڵҶ棬ĿǰûãеĻ͹ϷԽ̵Ϊ״ŵӣպڵĵͳ
澭һڣҶʲô˼ˡ
ǾҶ˺ĺôĲҶ棬Եģٻˡ
ͽҶϡ
ãţҲڣҶ治룬;ܾ顣
˵ʵһ㣬ҶѹģڵһƬҵҶ滹治ϡ
Ҷ棬Ϸĵǣպڼţˣͻָ˼ƾںġ
ǽһż̳˶ΪãǾٸҴˡ澭˵
һ㣬Ҷ浹ûǣһ£Ҷ˵ͷûУǸܵҶԿǣ
ܵܣҲû⣡澭˵
ˣȻˣţһӢӣѵһ֮󣬾ͿʼŰɡ嵥ϵĵرжŪ١Ҷ潻
ȹ澭شҶֿʵţ꣬㰲ݣ
⣬澭˼һ£ſڵϴαʰһְ֮ͨ˵ͨ˻̣ͨĵرʳ⼸꣬ǰ̶࣬ӵСĦûʲôĳͻ
Ҫȥһ׼һϸͼͲֲͼԼй鱨Ҷ˵
ˮŰֽҶǷǬȻںĴ½Ҳָ
˵½һ壬Ҳ򵥡
Ҷ˴λ̽ҲҪĿ֮һ


1429 ʥ
½䣬ҪֲںϲȺɽ֮У˿ǧ򣬵ֲȴΪɢ
֪䣬ǧСʮˣˣǲ䡣
ǣֻ˿ڰϣܹӵһĻȨһϯλ
ĳԸڵĲʵɲڵĳһλǰĳһͳ塣
ǽϵͣɽھʳ뺷
꾰õʱȻ£꾰ʱʳﲻ㣬ͻܱ康Ȼ֡
ǰȻлУϰˣͲԸòƻֱҶʹˣſʼػ̵ͨĹ
Щ껥̴ͨнչƽʱԻõƤëҩԼĵر޷
һʮʳͿԻһ˽޵ʮһܻһֻؽƷ޵
󣬼ֱ԰ٱơ
ЩǽĿʼ壬Щ͸£ǰѾû̫ܡ
Щˣ۾䶾Ϊһɽ֮еȴ֮ʦΪ˵ɢҩ
ҪһÿһܣƵϢɽ֮УҲ޷赲ǶԱ׷
ƽ̸ҶΪ˽ССǧˣȫˡ
ˣ֮˴̡
ԴƴһֲҹģѾڽ˸Ե·
ˣ̶Ѿ˸ɵйҡ
Ƕ˽֪
λ˵˵ʱڣ壬Ѿ̽˸飬Ƕԣûܡ
ǣȴأأЩ׳ٶ棬Ҳ޷롣
֮⣬ǶԲûʲôܡ
ң˳˵ͼͲֲͼ֮⣬ǳϵĽЩü͵ļ۸һЩ
֮ϣҪ̰
꣬Ҷ֮󣬸Ǵ··ȴޡ
ϣҶԽЩ·ٴ޵ıʾҶλͳ˧ܹĿǰǰʮʮλϸɵǣǾͿƿһЩС͵塣
ʮ֮ڣԱѪе̲С塣
ԴˣҶ沢ûκλӦҶ沢ǵĴ֣Ҷںģ
˽Ĵռ඼һЩͨмĿ˵Ǭһ
Ѫ
ʳ޵ľѪȻȡڵһƱԴѪӶԸ޵Ʒ׻õͻơ
棬ϱߵ˵ֻҪ㹻޾ѪѪ̫޵ѪҲܡ
ҶҶǶ̲סַСèѪ
кüҶȤطнɱ꣬Ƴ飬Ȼ߶ϴԸ޵꣬õޱȵļ͡
طȥԸΪܲΪǿĸֵ깥ǰҲ
֮ҶĿǰ⣬ǶСè֣׵ĺСè꣬Сè
Сèޱȵļֿܹͣ޸꣬СèͿҶ깥ˡ
˵ʵطüֱҶѾ׼֮нСèǿȡ
Ϊλ˵鱨Ҷһ·ǰҪĿһء
֮Уһأ
ϣÿһ䣬޽лСЩȴϽ֮κ˽롣
һ·ϣҶ澭ϰٸ䣬Ҷ治̫ҡֱжݷϢĶϰٸȴûκη֡
ȵĵϣȵĵҲǴͬС졣
һλ粿ӥϲŴߣ޵Ŀޱȵ׳
òֻ˵գʵ̫ˡ
ϰٸ񣬾ϰٸģ
֮еĵڶأǵʥˡ
ʥҰ޿ԽԽ˲ܽ
κ˸̤֮ʥ벽ʥȫ崦
Ĵ½һ壬Ҳһʥ½һ壬Ҳһʥط壬᲻᱾һأʥķ֣ҶЩ²⡣
ĿǰΪֹҶ½ȱԭѾһЩ뷨ȴȱ֤ݡ
ʥûз֣ҶͽĿתһءʥ塣
ʥλͥĺ󷽣ÿ»壬εĲ壬ͻӹʥ巽Բǧ
Щ˵ʥ壬ͨˣѹȥֻÿĴʱͼλϲܽȥ
ҶѰ̽ضԣҶֻĵĽȥ̽ѰһкôҶĵߣ޺ôҲϢ뿪
ͥףҵ֮ͥڸ߿У˸ͷǵʥʥ壬ӳҶ
֪طûʲôջ񣿡
һʥ壬΢Ҷʩչݣ޴ڵˮٶʥ塣
ɻûϢҶüͷ˽
Խʥ壬еĿԽճҶĶٶֱ½ʥ廹ǧ׵ʱҶͷ·һ㣬޷ֺ
Ҷһ
ҶĴ½ܵ۹ĵ۶ضȥ磬ȴǰƬʥϷݲȥ
ʶģҶٴδ߶ݷʹ˴ȥ
飡
һɲǣ߶µҶ棬ǰ˲׵ľһ㣬˾ײһ㣬ֱӴеݷֱʧЧ
ҶȻԶԵʱʥΧˣͻȻгֵҶ棬ͷŭޱȵ
ʱʥ帽פڣǿˮһ
ʥ帽أǣػʥĲ壬ȴ⡣
Ҷȴû⣬гϼһġ
һתҶ˲Ͷ£ˮвͨǾݡ
ûϢҶǱޱȵĴӵص˳
ص׵θ죬Խӽʥ壬ԽӲصҲùޱȣһûҶ漷
Ȼ޷Ǳ룬ҹһ⣬Σ
ЦһҶ浱ԳΣʥǰﴦ󲽵ʥʥ塣
ҶһٶػʥĲңһλģˣһƱ˴߳ҶͬʱȫҶ档
ЩˣΪߵĲ꺣ҶֻǷ˷䣬ϻϰʿͲҽŷɳѪ磡
һͱҶɵϣŴʥʥӽҶ棬ͻطһޱȵļХ


1430 ս
ϹޱȵļХУƺ̺һĪı׳Ҷȴѹû⣬ʥʥֱС
ʥΧƺѹһ㣬ƺһ޷ıݣӽǧ֮ҶÿǰһҪļ
ѹȻǧĺˮѹҪǿ
ǣбҶǰеˮݺȣȴҪõĶࡣ
ȻǰѹԽԽ󣬵Ҷ滹ܹǰ
Ҷţǰʥ壬һйŹ֡
߾ѰҵĶ
ҲͬһɲǣϹޱȵХУػʥӣХ֮󣬷׷׷˳ź
źУһʼǷһʥǧ֮Ļ˹ͼڵʯ
һʮʯ·ѵһ㣬ÿһ飬׷źųЩʯ
һ߳壬һ߷·һ˺ԸǱʯǰʱѾһ˿ҡ
һǧʮһɲͬʱ۱סʯɲǣѾ޹ĥƳɹУݺݵĻԸľ
Ѫ
ʱʮʯǻһ㣬һֻֻѪĹһ㣬ĳһǧʮѪ
ķȷǳǿ˲Ϣ䣬һ׳ޱȵ׳ӣͱʯ˸ɡ
ǳģʯѪ֮Զǧʥ壬ȴһĨѪɫ
һޱȿֲϢ·һ㣬شʥ
Ҷͫף˲Ϣͽ˼£Ѿʼˡ
ʵϣһǧʮԸƾѪ쭵ɲǣҶѾʶ˲Ծ
Ѫķţµĺһ㣬Ҷᡣ
ǣʥΧǰʱѣȴʱҲͬѣҶƴȫ뿪ٶҲǳĻ
ʲôˣ˯
һӰشʥ̽ϣԿѪڷɿĻ۵ڣɿıʵ
ͬʱǸģӰĿסҶ棡
ССϣ
ųֵɲǣǸӰ˫΢һţһľ޹ͳӰС
ˣ
޹Ǻ¡¡ĹȻ˷վҵĲЩطȻ˾޴ѷ졣
ӥһ޹ϵʸɲǣһǰδеĺⶸشҶͷ
Ҷ汻۷ıסͷû˹ֲ֮
ս飿
ң
찡ѵһλ񣿡
Ҷ滳̽ԴԪ鰢󷢳һľ
ǴʱҶѾûʱᰢľΪͬʱǸΪսңָһɣһѪɫʸͷ·һһĺҶ档
Ѫɫʸ֮½ձݾǱˮһ㣬˲Ϣͱƿһǧƿ
ɫĻǿմſֲ֣ɽּһжʼɿıƿձݺĻǿɡ
ǣǸսңһ˶һ㣬ܷԲ֮ڵһУƿѷӰ졣
һ̣ҶͷƤը
ܵģҶ潫ֱ۶ܾͬʱǰ̫ӰϵϰٿۣҲһ˲䱻Ҷǰ
飡
ѪɫʸϵɲǣҶ۶ݻҶСۣͺȻըɷ顣
·ûܵʲô赲һ㣬ѪɫʸҶؿҪֱҶǰӵۣ
۷̶ļһ飬顭ʮ飡
գѪɫʸں䴩ʮ֮󣬺ȻɢҶˣҲѪɫʸϵľĵɶ
ʥϵսңĿһ
ȻŵѪֻɲǰܹ⡣
ˣ
ٴŹлδ£ѷٴα
ͻȻ䣬ҵͫһűĵĴߣȻʧˣ
սҵ˫رôޱȣ˷ѰŵҶӰ
ͬһʱ̣ҶȴڵصŴæˡ
Ҷ𾪣ֱ޷ݡ
۶ȻδҶƣȴǳǿͨߣ޷۶ϱºۼ
ǽǿߵĹҲԵס
ȴһ䱬
зǿۣÿһۣ൱һƷķȴѪɫʸʮ顣
Ҷ淴Ӧ죬ǾҪˡ
ҶűɵĵڶֱӶգ˳ƶ˵صף˴Ϣ֮
ͻȻ䣬Ҷͷٴξ
һݵľ㤸жشͷ֣ʶģҶʥϵսҡ
ͼԷѾһ˿Ц·յЦ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷʶʲô
ܵģҶһξŵص׿ݡ
ݣ
ޱȵļХʱ쳹ҶֻıϮɽѹϮ
֮أѾһǧ׵ڿӡ
һﾹȻֲܹڵص׵ңԾ֮࣬Ҷ治ͣκεͣڵص׿
ԭҶ滹ħ˧֣ǿƣҶģħ˧ҲһĶ֡
ҶһӶݣһ߿ʥϵսңͻȻ䣬Ŀһ
ҾͲˣһǧսʿ׼ľѪܹӻãҶͷ֮䣬ͻȻ䷢֣սʥϵѪɫͻر䵭ࡣ
ɴˣҶ뵽˺ܶࡣ
ƣ϶֪ǵʥĹŹ֣ҪȻҲһҶ洳룬͸ҪһԸ׼
ǻѵսңޱȵǿսֲޱȡ
Ҷû߽֣֪սұȵĴΣǽĴڣȴһɱһɱһ˫
ֲֿս˵һͳ򣬾һͳ½Ҳޱȡ
壬ɹֻ˵һ⣬սңֻضº£ܻѡ
£Ҳ޷ѻս
ҪȻǰҶֱʱʱ͸ûսɵҶ档
ǣȴûС
Ȼսңźܴľԡ
ң׼֮ʥϵѪɫޱȵŨս֮ʥϵѪɫ䵭ࡣ
ٶ伸
һˣҶͷһͳƱԴҶ񣬶سӰ֮С
һɲǣҶӰͻȻӵرĳͬʱܳӴܣ
ʥսͻһЦֵ£ӣ
Цսڼ̵ʱɿĿΣѪɫʸͬһʱһ˷ӴܵҶ档
׷ϣȻҶͬʱ䱬
еĿȫޣһѪⶼûбսˣ鶸رЩѿ


1431 ʹ
ȻҶͬһʱ˷飬ʥ۵Ѫ⣬ȴϡޱȡ
ʥϵѪ⣬սڵѪ⣬ҲĴ
ҶĿŵ֮£ǰսҾ׼õѾʣ޶ࡣ
֮ǰ̶ֳȵѪɫʸ䲻ˡ
׼õĸɾ֮󣬻᲻˯Ҷʵ
Ȼӽֻ֮طȹ̲лܹսǣû壬Ҳֻһ̺ԴĲл꣬ѹ޷ֻп˵׼ܷӳս
һ׼ϣǾͻ˯ǡ
ʲôҶʵ
̷Ĺѣ֮ǾͿԻÿ֧ж컯塣˵Щ˯Ĺѵʱ䣬԰ΪλġοȱĵطЩѵʱ䣬ʮӳ
˵ϣǰӣֻҪ׼õĸɾ֮󣬾ͻ˯
Ǿͺã
һɲǣҶֱӷų˸ոյûõ̫޾ͷ棬Ŀǰս첻κвʤ󰡡
ſԴҲսҾżɱ
˵ǾżֻҪһǰսҪ˯ʱҶֹЩ׼ʥ壬Ҷԣûκв
Ȼžͷ氺žſԴɳսҿһۣԥˣûϷǽĿ⿴Զɪɪĳϡ
Ҫ
һԣĳϾһηǰٻػٴ׼ĹХ
ǣʱʥ巽ԲķΧڣǱսҺ俪մѷ죬Щմѷʱڼѵںš
սҵѹⷽԲﷶΧ֮ڣҲЩΪ꺣ûдﵽʿܹӽĵط
ңҶҲԲٴλõĻᣡ
΢ɢһΣ㶼սңûκҪ˼
սҵ۾ɵĴģ˲ϢƷ֮ҪҳҶȴҲκ
˵ڣ̫ʱܹ̫ñԴµĻˣҲָ
ͻȻ䣬һڵ׹͵شҶһɲǣ׹Ѿսϡ
׹պɲǣһû⣬׹⼰ɲǣͻȻ侪һаףôܣ
֮£ʥڲѪͿӿа׵׹··ѩһڡ
ҶȻŹִõʱһа׺֮£սҷһʵŭӰӰɢһţϢʥ֮С
һĻ϶طһޱȵĺʹ֮࣬ʿ׼ĹХͻȻǿ
ս˯űѷ죬ʼɿĺ£ЩʿǼ̳
ϵĹХʿʮʯ
һΣÿʯˣ
ҶЩͷʹüͷСèɳͷһЩʿ
Ҫٱǻһս飬ҶܲӦĺ˵
ߴǧʿͷСèʵæ
һɲǣҶһ̤һȦɫĹ⻪·Ȧһɢ˷ʱɽָľǻ˹һһӭЩʿ
һǽһ㣬Щ׼ʿģŭХУǷɳϰٵʾõĹǷ
Ҷ棬ȴԪ鰢ɿĽ
˵ʥ֮г˯һλ񣬶ˣϵǸսңս̷һλҶʵ

סˣүģ벻ˣһμǡñӡˣֻ֪ң̫֮ʱǿ֣û֮һ
ǿ֣Ҷͷһܹǿ̷Ĺ񣬾Բ򵥰ɣ
ô˯ʥ壬ûкôҶٴʵ
Ԫһ㣬Ҷ϶Ҷ˿ˮôûôÿһ˯Ĺ񣬶һ޷۵ıء
һͻƵļһ֪һλ˯Ĺ񣬿ʱ᲻һеĳмλļһͬʱϵϾͻɱ췭ظһ
ֻᣬǿ󣡡
ҶĨһϵĿˮƵ˵һΣΣҾͽͷˣ
Ԫ鰢һսʱҶ˵ڸңôܴ˯ϻúô

˼˰ΣʼͷҡĲ˹һ㣬үģΪ̫ˣ֭Ȼ벻ĿǰΪܹ˯ܹõĺô
սΪЧ㲻Ǻô
ǿɣҶεƲƲ죬սΪЧ
ΣӴ˿ҶѾ⣬Ҫʥչˡ
Ҷڻò⣬ôǿ߶ҪϡĺôôŶҪȰԸܷģ
͵ˣԪ鰢ָָ·ŭѣ˷ٸϹ⣬̷ĹͬͨµսķҲͬķֻЩһ֪
ԣҶüͷ
ҪЩһõǹ񡢹ͨսķȥʲô£ƺѻͿ
ǿЩһޱȵģ֪ѻʱ᲻ʲôʡ
꣬µģǵǿߣҲ˵Ѿ֮ء
Ѳ˾ойѵ֮Ǽѵ֮£ͨķˣھһʱѵ֮ڱǿѻʱһ
ǻģҶ沢ûжЩʿʹɱ֣Ϊһ·Ĺͨսķ
ǣôЩ峤ĸԸĽͨսķأ
˼˼ϢҶüͷչ
飬Ա˶ԣܺѣӵҶ棬ȴüޱȡ
Ϣ֮ԽԽʿ˷ϹʱʥϣͻȻ޴ޱȵӰ
һǸո˯ֳ־޹սңһ߸ߴ׵ͷ˫ǵĿӰڹ񣬷ǳơ
Ӱ֣˷Ϲϡʿ׷ɵˣĳʹĹȥʱиϵϡϱʿ׷׳ʥϵӰȥ
ǣʥͷǸӰȴͻʱһָһеҶҵǣҶĴʹ߳ɽҸ
̷ɣ̷һ̷ҳ˯ʱ̣ٹ⣡


1432 αʥ
Խټػս׿ڳϣҶλʹѾͨĿ顣
ŵս˵ǶԴʹҶĿ飬Ľ˷ŵսֵԭ

Ҫ£˷ۼϣʿǣҶȥΰҶ档
һ˲䣬Ҷҡһ䣬ͱϵĴʹȻҶȨҪĳʵ֡
ǣҶĵλҶ̫׻ɵĻһȨģ޿ɶҡˡ
Ȼ˴ʹҶ̺ô֮ǰضҪһôȥŷ̺ô
ΪĹϵ˺úŪǲ޴෴ģܾ
ɽ֣ɽʳɽٱ׻Ǽ̽թ壬Լ۹ɽʹѡ
ӽм̸Լ۹ɽߣʹն࣬ԾЧȣ
Ҷʹĵһ˷ʿ
ʵϣǵѪǺǣΣ
ִ򲻹ʵڽȱĽѵŶ
Ҷ˼ıĿǰ״ҶĿǰӰԿִȥǣѹ㲻񼣡
ôʱ䣬Ҷڽи˳
ѣʹ콵أȥʹӲ˵ţҶһ֣УͻȻ˴ɫΡ
ÿһδɫΣɢޱȵ
Ǿÿ֮˵ĿȪˮһ㣬еڣʶſȥӣſ˫ȥӣȻ̰ÿһ˿ˮ
ɫˮڣֻһδɫˮ飬ҲǾڵİ˲˴롣
Щʹŵߣн˵ʿ׷׾˼δɫˮ֮ǵƣԷٺת
ŻȹŹȵߣͻȻӵ˹ՒEվֱˡ
ЩҿֱˣͻȻ;ĺ
Щ˵ʿ˿ڣڶʱھͿʼ裬ǰѾ˿ڣӲ迪ʼٵ䡣
ͻȻ䣬ŮӻָŶԷ
ɽ֮бУ϶ƣǶŮӶԣһˣǾİ̺ۣţһŮ佫µĴɫˮĨһ£ϵİ̺ۣȻۿɼٶƽʧ
ʱЩ˾ˣ׷׹ڵأޱȵİҶ棬ڳʹ
ĴάҲˡ
Ϊֻл꺣ʶҲޡ
ִɫΣ񼣡
ޱȵľηУĴάޱȵİҶ棬ڳӣԸʹڣ
һƬηϵУˣ׷档
֮ػĻػıӻ
ֽŷҶ棬һĻ̾ԸǰĴû˷ѡ
ҶǰĴоͼ򵥣ǽھޱȵľƳ⣬ȻǿнƲеˮƲеľһ𣬲Žľꡣ
ǣ̫ˣҪҶ鸮ƴźľеҶһǷԲҵһϡľꡣ
ЧȴǺõĳ档
ľľ֮֮һˣһЩͨߵİ˼ֱСơ
ЩĤҶСʱǽ󣬻ά֯£Ҷλʹӭ֮С
ЩҶӦȻޱȡ
һ֮Ҷ潫ǰʮĳ
άϣ񹩷ιͨػսģҶֱ˵ʵ
Ȼ֮ǰ񼣣λϲҶҶκβǣάȻҶֱҪ񡢹ͨػսطһЩǡ
ʹʱǰչŷùŷͨػս飡άĻشܽƻֱֽƤ߸Ҷ棬ַһ֤Ҷʹ١
ҶȻֱ˵ʣȫ̰գᱻάס
ҶĿɨ˴ڵһȦ֮λϣʹ֮ʣΪ񷽲ԣĻָٶȣǰʮֹ⽻ҿ飬ǲǵĹ֮⣿
УػսҷཻңǵĹ֮ͨȫڿ鱾ʹ֮ʱֻӳ˲ɵս
ңػսԣǹ֮ͨȷĻΧʥʥǧ֮ڵĵˣɱ
Ŀǰʥǧ֮ڣ
Ҷһ·峤ǣʱը˹һ
˵ģػսҵĻΧ󵽰ΧﵽǧԣӵޱҪ塣
ʥ巽Բǧ֮ڣΪһȫأκأսǧﷶΧ֮ڡ
һɲǣҶѯʣЩʮǣͷ׷˵˹͹ͨػսķҶ濰Ƿȷ
ܿģҶ󱳾һ亹ֻķӣҪȻҪõͨػսطܡ
幵ͨػսطֳʮݣǰʮĴϷֱա
ÿһ֣ÿʱʩչһطܹɵĹͨػսط
˵ÿһõһ幵ͨػսطĳϣʱõػӳ֣ޱȵļ֤ͣطй¶
ҶȴɵġѪеľõĹͨػսطʮݺһط
Ǹķӡ
ڽҶָǹͨػսطеĴǸԲһȦ
Ǹ֮󣬵ܲٹͨػս飬Ǿֻ֪ˡ
ͨػսķ֮ҶͿʼͼıʥˡ
Ԫ鰢˵һ˯ʥ壬׾ٵװ¡
Ψһ⣬úַʥ塣
Ҷ񴫳ʹݣҪʥ壬Ҳͬ⡣
ȻҶҲɡ
֮ЩڣĻᷢġ
ãҶ롣
ʮĹҶɽ֮вɼɫɽʯľһĿǰʥžųһСɽ塣
һ죬ɽдҶڶ೤ϵҽ¹ͨ񣬽ʱ䣬򲻿ɾţ
ڶϽͷĸСһʱҶתͨػսطǳɵģ߽ʥ¡
ڴصľУҶСèͷİ£ֱӽʥӵصװӽڡ
ûãҲյԸ˵
Ҷ潫֮ǰ׼αʥС£һ֮󣬴Ӵ̤֮
ʹճɽΪȡ֮ҺϢǰôһ仰ʳɿĴʹҶ棬ƮȻȥ


1433 
Ҷ뷨õʥ֮󣬾һ֮Ȼŵĺôǲٵġ
ǰ˼룬Ҷ㲼ߡ
ԴӣҶѾŲɵĴʹ
ݣάȥֻкôûлһ֧ǷܿԺ˵벻ĺô
ԣ뿪֮ǰҶһԺĴ½ϵĴطżʮ似ͨ
ȴ򣬻οĹ
ͬʱٲЩһЩԿΪĵҩһ츳һǧ꣬ͽΪʹ̴ӣ״
ٴóͰѪΪЩ귥ëϴ裬Ȼʱ䣬ڣЩѪ꣬ѾͻΪһеʿ
ΪһǧӳʱҶ߶Щ걾Դһĥӡǡ
ӡǣǵøӵļ̣־øӵǿӡǳڴڣǱĬ֮£ҹҹϢӰǵĳϡ
ӡǵʩչΪֻ̣ܶûκΪͨʩչֶ㼫侴ηͨ˲ʩչɹ
ҶţӡǱĬ֮£ټҶЩչֳһĻЩ꣬һӶҶ澴η
Ҷ뿪ãһЩ꣬ᶨ֧Ҷ档
ҲΪʲôҶõʥ֮죬뿪ԭ
ת۹֮Ҷһ£Ե۹ڵ壬䲼Щ״̬
Ȼ˵̰ҪԽֹĻǾͲˡ
Ҷǰ洫ӸΪϲִϣһӵӣ׾
ڶйԮһ£ƽ۽ʳһЩͨ£Ҷȫ˸Ҷɡ
ǰΪҶԭҶɷ򸾲ҹ¶棬ΣҶҲһ
ҶɵΪҶѪͺĴ½ľҩǿ֮£ټҶǴССһѱĶ½ɱҶɣǺѵġ
Ĳ˵鱬ħҶ͸Ҷʮܣ˾ӳֹĴʸڵߣһʮʸȥֱӺɱ
ߣֳֺΪҶƵ飬ҲֻиҶɣŻȥ
תûãҶͣĸҲҿҶΪǿСèٶȸޱȣһ·裬ҲÿıܿЩΣյضΣһ·ֱУ£ʹӺִ
ǰҶӺִҪµʱ䡣
Ҷ֪ͨ̽ǧۣҶִ̳֮ʣǧ۷͵ˡ
ҶĻת־ϲ
𾪵ģҶɢΪϢ
ǰҶ뿪ʱ򣬼ǧ۵ΪҶ࣬µΪҶҲСǣ֮󣬼ǧǿصΪ£ǿءҶ棬УѾǸɽֹ
ҶںĴ½ǱߵĻҵո𲽣Ҷ沢˷ʱ䣬ž֮Ҷóһ½ͼ
£һͳ½½ҽһΪ˵ţҶڵͼϽ½򻮷Ϊݡ
̵ĸһ㣬ֻ򣬻ڵģȴߴ
Ҷô֣ҪǺǱߵļǺҪӵƶ񤡣
ҶľٶǧȴǾˣָ㽭ɽǡ
һ;½պĴƣֱ
Ŀǰ֮ƣ׵һͳ򡣡Ҷ˵
ģ㲻˵δ֮ڣҲƱػһͳòʮ꣬Ҿܹһͳ򡣡һ㣬ǧ۷ǳš
ΪҶ뿪ʱ䣬̲׵˴ǰƼҡ̡ŵĵ̺֣
ʮ꣬ʱ̫ˣϣһܹ֮һͳ򣡡Ҷ˵
һꣿǧһ˼ģ޿ܣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦżǧۺгԸļƻ
֮󣬼ǧۻЩģƻУҰ˵ٶȺܿ죬˵򣬾һͳ½Ҳûκ⡣
ǣʻǸַ̾µĸ֣պǳ󰡣ǵ꣬һҲβ󲻵
ڼ崫йҴǰסһ˵вǳ׵㣬Σհ
ڼ崫͹ǰеǲϧѪ֮ʿǧ˵
Ҷ˵ͷһ㣬Һԣ棡аһѹ½
ʱܲӴȽɵ֮ëʰʳǣŲʮ꣬ľͷûκɡҶ˵
⵹ûʲô⡣ǧ۵ͷֻҪһɿסӵʮ꣬Ҿ̸ܹһɶ
˵ǧһһΨһĵģǾˣ֮ԶһˣҪ֮á£Ҳ޷ϵ
£㲻õģͽһͳʱںϿֱ޼ɣңһ¼Ӧ֮дڣ֮䣬¿˵ţҶó˼ԺĴ½Ľۡ
ȻˣЩ£ϷͰˣϷѾˣҲֻһŮ£øϽϷ򱧸ӣʱ򣬵Ϸһͳ֮ĻߣϷǧ۵
һߺҶȴֻŵͷô˶
ˣϷȲȥˣͲСˣҶͳĴָǧ۾뿪ȴҶסˡ
֮ǰһҪҶ˵
ʲô£
ӡ񣡡
̵飬Ҷ˾ӣȻϴҶ潻֮󣬼ǧ۾ûд˲ΰݹ
ǣڡ
˴ҶĽΰݻ֪ЩʲôֶͨΣǲƴƾһ΢ĩϵٵ½ǻ¾ˡ
Ҷģǳ׵ķӡĺá
ңһķӡֶΣҶ涼ġ
ţǿǵϵĿֲڣֶѲ⡣
Ҷ׼
㽫񣬶ռȻ͵ƾ̫źϢѹڣҶٽ٣κ⡣
ǣ֮֡
˵̣ÿղΰΪͳθ㽫еˣҵĽô죬ȥΰʲô̻㣿ǧü
Ҷһתʱͼͷǻ򵥣ЩͨĽڣ֪ʲô
˵ʾ£ԹڲΰݣͿˡ
ԣǧ۵˵ͷⷨӲ˭ģأ
ˣҶ˵
ǧæ֣ǲУڶҼΪϤҵģƭˣʣͻȻ䣬ǧ۾һҶ档
ҿĺã¶٣Ҫǹؼʱ̣ðһġ
⡭
ôˣǧ۴һ˵
̰µЧޱȣڼǧ۵İ££µʮҶΪģ񣬾Ѿ깤
Щ񣬽Ҷһ滻滻Ҷ潫ս
һ滻ģȻܲڵڽµȥʱԪ鰢ͻشҶ滳̽Դ
ȵȣ


1434 Ϲˮl
үģȥ˷ѰȡһıԴѪȻȥԪ鰢ͻ˵
ҵıԴѪҶЩɻ󣬡ʲôã
ڸ˵Ҳ˵ôģԺͶ֪ˣţסÿһ㶼ҪһαԴѪԪ鰢˵
˵أҶҲûٶʣֻһһÿһ񣬶üĴĨһαԴѪȥ
ܿģһαԴѪϢµ֮УҶ漱ָӽڽǸҶŰ˾Ű
󣬽ǧ۾Ͱ̵ʽһɽڴΰʽ
ҶȻϻֳ̣棬ûг棬ֻԶĿżǧ۴һ˾ٰʽ
һɽߵ׵ʱһĪĸоͻظҶͷ
ָоǳĹŹ֡
ڲԶ񣬾ǻһ㣬ͻȻҶһ˿޵ϵҶԼоһĪƺڡ
ԼԼ䣬Ҷ꣬Ҳһ˿仯
ֱ仯̫ϸ΢ˣһ輸һһ㣬ûκα仯
ƺҶ濴ԸϵԪ鰢
Դһµӡ
Ҷ汾һ뵽һûкĵҲ֮֮ˡ
ʱ䣬ҶһߴĴ̵Ĺһ߳ʱշǿ
Ҷǳļ򵥴ֱֱɱȥЩȨ֮ˣһ̳˵꣬һսˡ
ϣ˵
ǣϵľӶࡣ
ϵҶķӺܼ򵥣ǿûսǵ꣬һ֮Ȼ͹Թˡ
ųϵҶշˡ
ǣҲһЩߣѪԣҶЩ˻ΪʶþҲ޷˵ֱǿûսꡣ
м˵ģǱҶǿս꣬ЩˣȻҵȡ̲ΪֻҪˣҶĵû취ˡ
Ҷֻ˵Щ̫ˡ
ҶǵĲһҰģʹһЩҩͼƷ鵤ٴϰʽͼʽٲһǧ߷һ˵ǿ˳
ò˼µʱ䣬ܹɷ϶ңһͳ϶ҵĵ̣ȻԹԵҶ
һֵһ˵ǣԺĴ½ľеҶ滹ʶĿơ
·ĴǷǳͨʽױħںĴ½ϹܵľеҶ·ǳޡ
Ըϵʮ֮⣬ڸ̣Ҳÿʮߣźͽգ֮⣬Ҷһ߶û·
һµʱ䣬ҶͽڼҴͷͷԵһһշȻȫۼ䶼Ǽݼ˼ǧۣŶΣƶֹء
ǧ۵˵꣬ͿһͳˣˮĥʳĹˡ
ǣҶûš
Ҷ滨˰ʱ䣬½ͺͳͳתһȦ򶥼ͷͳͳսꡣ
ȻҶǺѡԵģҶ۵ЩһҲңļҾͶˡ
ļұҶս֮⣬ϣСС
Ǻ½ͬһʱȷѪ꣬ЩҶָʾ£ͬһʱ俪ʼһͳ֮·
һͳ֮ЩͷǣлˣȻҶĹ£һַ˻ߵ۹
ǣôһ½ͳߣʵҶ档
½ȷѪʱҶȴһϢĿǰ½Ƭ֮һˮlˮl
Ϊ½սԭǰȡҩߣﲻ
ˮlˮl̬仯ϣ˲Ծǰ⵺չأϽĴҶ֮С
ˮl˽ȥҶԣȴԶŵġ
ȻҶ沢ǿȥˮlҶԣдã
ǰҶˮlǻˮl飬˷Ѷơ
Ҷû֮ľ췢һ±װҩˮlӭˮl
򺣴ʥδһɡû˵꣬ˮlɫһ䣬Ϊ֣Ѿ͸Ҷˡ
ǰˮl͵ϣҶʲôΪһۿԿ͸Ϣȴޱȡ
ǰ˼öҩõƷҶ濪żɽ˵
ԣˮl۾һҶ򺣴ʥһ˴ƷĵҩԷͬһ㡣
ǵǵգǵҶϢ仯׵˾⡣
룬룡ˮlϲ
֮Ҷˮlľ֮ˮlڴޱȵУҶóһöƷ鵤ݸˮl
˵ˣ
ӹҩɲǣˮl۾͵ɵ˼£šۣڻҶ֮󣬽öƷ鵤гϸۡ
ϸ˵֮ЧһԣҶܴ󷽡
ˮlĵգֻҪл۲µҩĻʲôƴǣøַƷ鵤
֮ˮlͻ˫Ŀ˵Ч£ҩģߴ֣ʮ֣Ϸδҩġ
ζҩ֣Ҿδһҩ޷ݡ
ҩģܹƴ˵񣿡ҶЩڴʵ
鵤ޱȵҪÿһΪĻʯϧ⣬ڴܵС
˵ַʵһ㣡Ϸ۲죬˵ַΪֲڣϷѡ
ѵҩ뵤˵ҩϷδ֪ҩʮһϷδҩԡ
㹻ĵҩЩ⣬Ҫǣ
˵ǡӦ֤ҶĳЩжϡ
ΪĵرϵĲ࣬½Ĵ½ʦѾȫͬĵ·
Ĵ½ʦĵرĶ಻˵ҩԸǳǿҪʹͨҩԣɵͿɣַΪŴֲڡ
½ʦΪĵرҩԺһ㣬ɹѡĵرǲ࣬ʦ֮ʣ޲ýĵرеÿһҩԶѹե
ңΪĵرٵԭÿһʧܣһ־޴ʧÿɹ
½ַޱȵľϸ
Ӧˮl˵Ʒ鵤ַ򵥵ĸԭ
ʴʥ˵ӺζʱˮlԸ˫Ŀеĺ档
Ҷ沢ŻشƷ鵤ɲƾƵģҪͼ֮ҶڵĿ꣬ˮl
ٿöҩЩҩ̸˵ţҶһһȡϰöԺĴ½ĵҩϰ½ûеԺĴ½ҩ
Щȡɲǣˮlɵˣ֪ȿĸˡ
⡭⡭Ϊ˶ĵҩҩϷûʥϷЩЩҩĵˮl
״ҶЦˣ
ˮͿѾϹˣ


1435 
ҶĲŪǰĵҩȻ˵óģֻһЩͨĵҩĵر
ҵõЩҩĵرǸ½ûĵҩ֣ûĵرֶֹ
һЩǸ½Ϊĵҩĵر
Ǹ½
ˮlͫԵһյ˹ؼҶʥ߳½һµĴ½
ô˵Ҷ˵ͷϣҷֵһ½򱶵Ĺϴ½½ḻ򱶡
֮⣬ͨǸ½ԵһЩзΪصС磬С˭Ҳ֪ܶ࣬ܶ࡭
Ҷ˵꣬ˮl͵סҶ˫ֵȥҶʥȥǸϵĴ½ʲôҶԴӦ
ԭҶõģҶ沢ûϴӦǼ˵
ȲҪż˵꣡Ϊ԰ЩҩİɣҶ˵
ԣˮl˵ͷ
Ǹ½ΪĴ½ḻҪǣ½߹ȥΪͻͽ
£Ǹ½ǿ࣬Ǹ½ĵ۹ֻҪӪǧ˵ĽͿԳ׵½
½ںĴ½ǰûκεֿ
ǣ̣½Ĵ½ȻԶˣŲٶеĲвٺĴ½Ϊȱĵرô˵˼Ҷʵ
ˮlüͷһ壬˼ǣĿǰǸĴ½ûз½Ĵڣ½ںĴ½ֵߣԣñܣ
û⣬ҿԷԣˮl˵
㻹Ǹ½ǿǿ湦ԣǰá
ֻҪ֪Ǻסܵġ
Ҷʥ˼ǣ
Ŀǰ½Ǹֻͨ֮һйܳȥĴ½ĸ֣׷ɱҡ
ĿǰԣǴȥܱ֤ľ԰ȫҲ̫ã㲻ұ˷²޷
ô㱻ѻ֮ǰΪ˱סܣһʱɢķ
ֻҲпܴǰǸ硣Ҷ˵
ˮlǱˣҶôһ˵ʱˣΪϣܹʱɢķࡣ
˵Ҫҽսҵ֮󣬲пܴǰǸ磿ˮlʵ
Ҷ˵ͷҲûǿȵ˼ǵȥǸ磬Ϊ˰ȫҾͱƵ꣬Ա⡣
ȻǵԸ⣬ҶĳҲǿҶĳתǸĴ½ƴʵ
ҶĳԾ˿Ա˿Իס½ʱҶĳӵǰǸĴ½
Ҫꣿˮlʵ
˵׼꣬ǧǧ꣬Ҳпܡ
Ҷ˵꣬ˮlͻȻЦȻĵҶʥ֪ϷƢԣϷǰó˶ĵҩ˶ϷδĵرϷԣⲻǿʲô
Ҷһ£ô룬ǰЩҩ͵Ҷĳ͸뵤оҶĳʹ뿪Ա֮֮ҵ
ҶˮlסҶ䣬˵ǧ꣬ٹ꣬Ϸһˣˡ
Ȼ䣬ˮl˫׵ķſԸ꣬ҶʩΪ
״ҶϲҶеĿ꣬ˮlĸԸĽꡣ
ˮl˲ͬЩͷͷԣԸⲻԸ⣬Ҷսǵ꣬ǾĲ鲻ԸҲΪҶ¡
ˮlҶǿдĴ½Թ֮£ĵҩܺȥ
˵һеˡ
ԣˮlĸԸ꣬Ҷźôߡ
ΪʲôҪˮlĸԸ꣬ҶŻߣԭܼ򵥣Ҷ˵Σ
һˮlܣй¶ȥôҶ桢ƺλ磬ʦηɰףǻᾡɥ
ʱ½Ҷˣ½ꡣ
ܵ۹ʲôԣҶ̫ˡ
˴ܵ۹ڵ֮⣬طˣ͸ûʲô
㿴Ѳ˾ɱݺݾˣһŹ
Ҷɲһ죬齵ٵĸĸŮϡ
ԣʱҶ뾸ƺλ磬ʦηɰ
Ҷһλȥˣ˭ʲôݣҪսУܴȥ
ԱԱ֤ʧٻ򶼱֮ʣʱɢסܡ
ɣҶ澸ƺʥλѪᣬҲ⡣
ʱ򣬴ȥ֮󣬽λս꣬Ա⡣
û취⣬ʵ̫Ҫˡ
ΪܵĹϵǱߣĲ̫ƵԼһңһ뿪½ǰĴ½һΣߵ飬뵤
ʲôҪȥ֣뾡֪ҶĳǴ˭ȥҪҶĳս꣡Ҷǿ
ͷܵĶҶľη֮УˮlЩɬͻȻʡ
һӣΪաΪ񣬿˵ҩһУΪĵ·㸶ʲô
ʥģϵǰӣһһһѯԸȥģϷ򶼽꣬Ȼ⣡
Ǿͺã
֣ҶٴƮȻԶȥ
뿪ˮlҶһЩʱյȥҴңת֮Ͽջε
ÿһҶ涼ҪµȥϸĹ۲Ѱһ
²ʱ䣬ҶҹĺĿߴǧ˲Ϊϡĵرǣȴûз־Ы
Ҷһλת½ЫӵеָЫҶҪĿ֮һ
⣬ƾԭʼĶҺܹýǿܵӰ죬䶼Уǻ޷һ˿һֱֵ޷
ܹҵָЫˮlоо˵ܹһĶؼʱ̣Ҫܴõġ
ʱҶʦηɰ׻һϻһ־ЫĺλõĲͼ
εǣ̫ˣϱ߻Сĺţë
Щʱ¶ˮ棬ʱʧ
ҪʦηɰṩһЩɹɸѡʹϵķΧҪȻѶȣûʲô
ںϵͿеҶ棬ͻȻ俴ԶһϦӳ£Ȼߣӳյ߲ʰ쵵ġ
ҶӹȥɲǣͿһָֻֻͷСͨɫЫӣϦҡǾӨ͸˸ŹЫβ


1436 
оЫСͺǵɽǺХ֮ʱҲᱻû
Ȼʲôרңϵûãͷ֣ЫĻһ
һĺʪǳҶƣӦĵйϵ
ͬʱҲˣ־Ы滷Ѱ
Ľ
Ҷ긲ϵͳһ£ľЫǧֻ£ľЫֻʮ֮һҡ
һʵı˵ʵ̫ˣһСģܾͻ᳹׵
˼һ£ҶȡһСͨѶŲ󣬷һѶ֮󣬾ר־ļָЫ
ܿģҶͷֻ֣йľЫſԼЫĸľЫûָЫ
ϣľЫֻǧֻͷϣһֻЫֻܼһָЫ
Լһֻ鹫ЫܼһƿָЫ
һǳϸĻƣСģҪȻЫһ£Ҷ棬ҲҪжȫʧ
ķʱ䣬Ҷջ˶ʮƿҵָЫҶȡЫ֮ʣһĨٶĿۡ
ȴǷ´Ԧ̫ϴһٺʮĸӣϵˡ
ȻؽԦţһǳ䵱̫ϴϣûֱӳţǣԦ֮С
ǰҶ淢ֵķѶǽ顣
£еʣ˰ɣҶʵ
ȫˣ
Ҷ˵ͷйһ٣ָЫ¹شҶҲֻнһרҲŷġ
̷⼸ˣҶʵ
شˣطѾһʮ̷ޣʮ̷ޣһһ̷ޡ
ϣ̷ޣͿȫһȫһʮ̷ޣϿһ۷ǿȫһǣû
ڶʮ̷ޣżأ˵еͨ䶼ȫһӦÿ¡һٻ㱨
ɵĲǵģҶ׳һöָߵĶӦÿΪ֮۷塣
ӽ̷޵飬ͽĵȫŵоСϡҶһֻЫ˵
ҪоǵϰԣֳɣжԣԼǵĶҺ۵ʱ䣬ȡһζҺ֮󣬶೤ʱȡӰ춾ԵȵȡҶ´һ
ӽǾͶоɣʲôֱСͨѶŲϵȻǣ
סκθô˵ߣɱ
һ֮Ҷ°پ߷õķ֮⣬ĵһ鱬ħ
ɴ˿ɼҶָЫӣҶ濴ָЫսԼı
Ҷ滹ġ
ҶԳºʮͷΪ˵޹ȻһһһսЩ޵꣬ԱպӦ
һĵǣʼں޽ᣬҶȴ§ŷ£ֱ
Ҷ˴λת½飬ѾĲˣ棬ҶѾʥǴԴ˹ȥʣµģͿҶһҪ˭뿪ˡ
һʱ䣬ҶҲúõ㸸ĸТġ
һ꣬½ԣǶһ꣬ȷѪһ꣬Ǻϻ½ϣԭȮĸɣѪϴ£ÿֻҡ
ƮѩҶԭѡû뵽һҷǳܣ󣬲㱻Ҹʳɾˡ
Ҷ沢ûֹȻûҲûʸ¡
ȻңѾҶرע֮ڵһôģǡ
Ψһģ¥ˡ
Ҷŵ¥ΨһҶ滮ֵͬʱڵһĸȴڶߵĺ
мĺˮlġ
һ꣬ҶϣߴŷŮò
ĸķˣ˾Ȼ
ΨһˬģǸʮ£ĸ׽ѩҪһ䣬ûж֮ġ
ȻҶϲû֧ÿĸ׽ѩʱ߸Ķ䣬Ҳ̬ȡ
ÿʱ򣬷ܾЩĴԴ
ҶҲΰǹŬ˰һѵõۣ˽һ첻Ŭʱ˻ͬߣɾûа
Ҷ֪¼Ϊйϵ׽ΧҪȻŮǶ޵ˡ
⴫Ĵ£һҶ飬ָ˵Ϊ
Ǹĸ׵ģз¸ܵģҶĿԴй£ϧó鵤˵Ϊ췭ظı仯
µΪֱӴӿؿ쭵˿أܵΪҲڿ쭵˿ء
ҶɵΪﵽ˿أĸ׽ѩ˲٣صΪ
Ŀǰ˵ĸ׵Ԫ㹻ȹʮ꣬Ҷ潫˵Ϊ뷨Ƶͨ񾳣ӵǧԪ⡣
Ԫ֮⣬ǰȫˡ
һҶǸƻˣ׵ļٵǿĻԱ½İȫ
˵Ҷ˽ǵЩ˽ˡ
Ҷһص㣬ȴĶҶˣ׽裬ѪͷҩޣҶ潫ܴĥɺ嶼пܵġ
ȻҶɵ˵С·̫˳ˣҲʲô£ҪǣҪԿࡣ
ԴŶҶһһ˺۲ŻеѾصɱ
ȻҶڵԭҲˣڵشƫƧ챡ҪҶĺ֡
һҶ˲ٸֳѾͻƿͼͻƿĸ֣Ŀߴˡ
С£Ҷ潫ΪӲĴ߶۷壬ǵİθ̫ԺӰ첻ãСΪѾˡ
ˣһҶƵĻСѾȻηɰ׵ڶˡ
һʱ䣬˵Ҷеʱˣ󲿷־ͽ̵֮ϣԸΪһ㣬ͨһسڣͨһڡ
ٶȣݳ޵Ʒ鵤ҶԣǶһͨ䶼ѾǼˡ
еʱ⣬ǹĺܿ졣
һʱչûãҶյһһѾɱһͳ
򣬻϶Ҷ潻һͳ
Ѿ̽ǧƽ̹澭鶨ˣһ֮󣬽ˮlϾС
Ҷ֪뿪½غĴ½ʱ䣬Ҫˣ


1437 
ǧٰʮʮ¶ʮգ½Ⱥˮl
ĵһʮ·ȺۣڻۺĵգҲһһգˮlһ˹׳ķԲǧĺϣն޼Ѫ룬ޱ˵Ϊڴˡ
½֮УƮѩˮˣΪˣΪһͳ˴̽ǧۡ
Ժ򡢽ˣΪˣΪһͳ֮򣬲ռ֮һƽ̹澭
֮⣬ԭȵ˸Ϊ¥Σռһ뺣򣬷Ϊ˻Ϊ
֮⣬ˮlκ˲ô֣ҶҲôԲʮ֮ڣΪء
˻֮󣬹ҶΪ½Ϊ
һʮ·ۣ֮󣬸·ۻ˳ưԣʷʮ·
֮˽ʡΪҶ޽ͬʱºΪ
ԭʮ·ҪҶĸĸҲţҶɲϲЩ˸Ը徻ӣԸЩӰ˵⡣
Ȼûţʮ·˽£ǰҶ游ĸ˱ģΣеλˣʱôĶ֪
ʮ·ΰҶ֮ͬʱ޸½ƺţͳһΪ
ҶΪԪ꣬Ϊһһһա
ʷԪˡ
ʵ£ʲôŵ飬Ҷ沢ûйܣҶֻʽԵĳϯһ£ЩȫǸ·ֺҶС
Ÿ·뷨跨ķԸֺ÷¸ܣҶЩЩĸˡ
ʷЩڲĲпᣬ볤ֹҶģǰȵĻֵĺá
ͷϷȴڻ֮
εŶķȵȣֹƶҲһ仰ĸı䣬ܹ漰档
Ҷ沢ûĹЩǰʮ·ǧۻй澭֮ܣһ㲻Ҷ
ЩȨҶ潫׵·ŸǣҶҪǿģԸȨ
Ԫһ¶գҶʮ·Ͻ޳һ׹ڣϣҶ温·ʮ·ؿˡ
λһ֮ǰŵλһͳ½λ񣬸λѾɹˣǣҪĶأλ׼ôˣҶʵ
Ҷ滰أ澭һ嵥ҶѼ嵥бﱦ嵥еҩĵҩһٶʮĶ
Ҷ濴֮󣬵˵ͷڴļΪģѪһ츳ѪţƷ鵤ţ
Ҷһͣʮһ·ʱԲˡ
츳Ѫ̫ˣ⣬ма
Ʒ鵤ޱȣʮ·ڱҶչ֮ʱٵõһƷ鵤
ʹƷ鵤ΪͻͽһЧ൱ƽʮ£ҪǣܹһֲٶΪ
ɱãΪٵԭ׽ˣײͳ
ҶһͳţУһƷ鵤ͿԶް
Ѫ½ϣõ˸٣ǣһ԰Ѫ󵽼£ۼֵƷ鵤Ҫ
£ʮ·ȿֺϴָ嵥͵ˡ
ҲЩûôЩĵļλǴڣ֪Ҷ˸ߵʹͣƴҲҪŪҶе嵥ϵƷ
ϧ˵ʲôҲǳˡ
ǣǺܿͻ֣ᷢ£Ѿǳˣô򵥵ˡ
ܿ죬Ҷ֮ǰʮ·ռ嵥ϵĵرĿȫͳ˳
ռģ¥̣Ȼڡ
ڶ棬Ҷռǰǰռ¥ҶѪ츳ѪʮţƷ鵤ٿš
ڶֱѪ츳ѪţƷ鵤ʮźʮš
Ҷ֮ô츳ѪʵһˮlƵġ
츳ѪȱٵԭҪȱĵر츳ѪȱٵĵرںĴ½ȴֲȱҶǡþС
һˮl˴츳ѪʱҶʹˡ
ͷϷʹ͡
ʹռĵرǰҶһغȵ÷ڣɷΪһ£Ϊ÷ռĸɫĵرֻҪǧһ¥İٷ֮һ
һ÷ĹʱЩˣͷ亹
ΪЩĵرԭһЩĵر۸쭣÷Щ̫ԿûôŪֻҪŪһ־Ϳˡ
ʱҶ浥ʣЩˡ
Ĩһ亹÷ͽͰ͵˵Ҷ²ģһ̫ޣ¹Щʱһĵر·ϣò˶ãܹ
÷ҲЩǣôһڣͼʱɻȥȥ֮ȫڿգռһϽ֮󣬶ɹ˹ء
ǣҶ£Ļµġ
̫ޣ÷ĵ̫Щ󻤷ͼҶȵ
¥Ķ¥̴æһµ½ֲͼģ÷ɫرò԰ޱȡ
÷ռĳأǵĹϽΧȷʵЩˡţӽ÷ķɽһپʮǣͻγС
ԣ÷ϵѪɫʧɽһپʮǣҪǱˣǵӲȥ÷֮һĵ̡
ԭһ÷ʱҪס
֪ˣ죬·ϵʾͻ͵ջس÷
ҶĿȴǿ¥λǼල÷һڽЩǳأв졢ñôɣ
¥Ļ̴߶ʷʱ˷ޱȵĳӦǣӰͻȨĴûᣬܷŹ
÷Ӫɵ֮࣬ҶĿ⣬¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʱҶһ÷ʱͷ˻
дʹʱ÷ͻףӦʲôĽɫ
Ҷ赭дĵʥ޽̣ռĵرڶ뵹ಢ̫£ᴦΡ
ָʮʮ̣ԽЧȣ
һʱ䣬̨׷ȻһǵĵٴҶ棬Զ½


1438 ֮Լ
˵ʮλǱˣȻҶ沢ûжеĴĴ½ڴڡ
ǣЩ˾Ѿ²˸ʮ֮˾ˣͲҶ湫ˡ
ҶҲЩ֪ԣͷ֮Ҷ͹¡
½ϸ񣬾Ϳλˣպ󣬱ٴ뿪½ǰĴ½ƴҵ
λĵرǵԺĴ½Ĵ½ȷʵ½ࡣ
ǣҲҪԣĴ½ɱ½ΣնˣλΪȥ˻֣ǻ£
ĻҶԾڴˡ
Ҷ֪˵ĺģĴ߶£ǳĿֲ뿿ֹ½̽ǰĴ½;ǲܵġ
Ҷұ֤ʮ·ǻ˼ѰǰĴ½ķ
ҶһҲ£ϹŲ󣬾ҵˣҲá
ʱҲλֱԣǰĴ½ֻͨбһ֪ȫڱС
λǰĴ½ôͺúõɱĲ¡
ȥĴ½ڻһ꣬꣬Ǳ֮ʣɻλյĵرͷλΪ֮
⣬¥ǰ׽ϴ󣬱ǰλĺãԺҲȱǰĴ½ĻᣡҶ׳һذը
ЩһϣҪȻָʲô
Щ֮˻˴Уϸ񣬶Ҷ棬һϢǰɹɽڣǰλߡ
˵ʵλӵѪڣҶ滹ǱȽϾģԡҲˣȴλڼΪ𾴣Ҷȴ뿴λھʹ
ڶҶ浽ǳĻӭҲǳϲ
ҶǷͷ޶֪ûиϷʲôϢȻλڶҲһ֪
ǾͿǰڴĺϢʲôˡҶЦ
ǺǣϷԣϢЩǵϢˣҶӺĴ½תɷͫǵϢȻλĵģǺͫ
ҶЩǸȻҡҡͷ绹ͫǣյĴ½ûãǰԵȺûϵϣ
ûϢҲǺϢЦЦôҶһιϷڴǵϢ
ôǰǰĴ½Ѱǵ𣿡ҶЦЦθǰĺϢǸǰǰǰĴ½һλȥԴǰȥ
ûʲôǣھҡͷǰĴ½ϷûǸ㣬Ҳȥ
ҶȻǣǰǰĴ½ΪܹͻƵͨ񾳣ʱԪȵӳ
Ԫ
ҡҡͷ֪Ϸ˶ˣ
һꣿҶڲһ֡
ЦһҡҡͷϷֲϹܻ꣬ꣿڣϷǧ࣬ЩϷΪ٣ֿԪĵرѰ
ԪѾ˼ޣϷ״Ѿ˥;ƿˣѾΪͻƾܹԪˡ
ǣĴ½ٵĵҩϾࡣҶ˵
Ǻǣ뵽ģϷõͨĵҩѾã˼
ںĴ½õ
ҶҲȻޱȡ
С˯ҪָԴҶһҹ֮ʮһҴоԶۡûҵ
˱ôҲûѰ䣬ʱҶ滹оʥĵرĶıѰҲ֪ûн
ѰѶȣ֪οٵˡ
ҶȻڷǿЦһУϷ͸ˣϷиʬĴ½ͲȥˣͫǣϷһ仰
ǰ뽲Ҷ湰ֵ
Ǽǣ͸ǣһ֮ڣлᣬԻת½һˣϷ֮ǰһ棡˵
һӣ
Ҷ֣صĵͷסˡ
⣬һţҶлͫ԰Ϸʹóһ
֮Ҷ͸뿪ˣҶ뿪֮ڿҶȥķȴǳ̾һ
ͫܰģֻܵˣʣµģֻܿ컯ˡ

뿪֮ҶͿʼֻתĴ½ˣȺ븸ĸ¡ܵ˸ĸǱߵҲûʲôѾϰˡ
Ƿܣһġ
Ĵ½Ҳ̶ѨǹȥҲչ㣬Ҳܷġ˵
ǣ๫ӦôǹȥǱһˣǶ಻İҲǼİǻ
ҶЦ
ʵ롣
ǣҰ
ʥˮĿǰҲȫҶĿǰķرıӾҶԸĸҴλ˹ȥ
Ҫй¶ץǣҶɾˡ
û취ҶֻӲĳ˵˵ŮҲǲģҶ
˴λתĴ½ҪˣǴһС½ߣǰĴ½ΪҶںĴ½ҵ
Ҷ뾸ʥǵ飬ĿǰδĴ½ԽԽãÿڣйܡ
ǱҪǲҪȥĺá
Ҷ濼˺þãʮ˹ȥ
˵޶̫ˡ
ǣʮ֮Уųȫˮlľḻʦ
ˮlһһѯʣͽ֮УʮԸˮlǰĴ½е
Ҷļƻʮʦˮlȥ֮󣬽ȫʥˮ֮оеΪҶңΪйܣֹ
ԣˮlڵʮˣȥӰ첻
ʮ֮⣬Ҷȥģֻˣһ¥Ĵ¥Ǿ¥¥ʿ죬̫϶ĸ
֮УǾʿ죬۲Ŵ֮ĸó֣˹ȥԱҶûֵ˲ŵ״
ʮ֮⣬ҶһΣҪǧȥ
ǧˣǾʥʥƺʥ˵Ѫᣬȥ֮󣬽Ϊʥˮ
Ȼȥ֮Ϊ˱ɾʥ˽Ƿֱսꡣ
һʮһգҶһǺˮlƵҩǻ֮Ҷ潫һһս޴κ׷ٷ֮ҶʩչжݷϢĶ˺׵ϹŲ
ʮ·Ҷһ㶼СʱС
ԵһһʬһϹŲƴ֮УҶٴϹŲ
Ϣ֮ǧͬʱʧ


1439 ɵ
Ĵ½ʥˮعڣҵĹ⻪˸˼ϢϹŲƴоͺ˵ĳʬ塯
ڵعֵģǾʥ߶ϹľʥʱͱǰһĻһ
ĵܣˣǣʥָػԵԳʥʵ
磬Ǳߴͨļһ̫ˡңΪһΪЩ˵˱ֻйܣҾصҩŪǲŴǹġ
йˣҲͽ½Ĵ״й¶ȥͨʽȴǺ֪顣
磬ȽŪߣ֪ͨ绹˰ɣϹŲȴǲ֪ġ
Ҷٴó޴˼ˣЩԵļһȫŪϹŲһһιˮlƵĽҩ
֮ǰĹأǾʥ˵ѪᣬʱҲսꡣ
һ£ǾʥǷֱսǧ꣬ѹˮlǾʿ졢ĸ˵飬ȴǱޱȵ𾪡
Ԫ
ԣƺ½̫һƺȡ
û˵꣬ĸˮlͬʱϥأϵϢʼҵĲڵĴ½ĵһʱ䣬˾Ѿͻ˽Ϊƿ
Ҷһǰ½һһµʱ䡣
һµʱУʥǵΪַ˾˵ı仯
ΪǰҶṩ˴ѪΪ˸ʥˣ˵Ϊȷǳľˡ
ʥƺʥ˵ΪֱǰһǰѾﵽ۷塣
Ŀǰھ۷壬ǶԣǵͻѶȣҶҪСܶܶࡣ
˹ƣ꣬ǾͿ˳ͻơ
ʱ̣ܶҶ滹ǾЩҶ׼ǶϹŲǰ½һΣ½Ĵ½֮Ĳ𣬿̵ʱͻƵͨ񾳡
ھʥƺʥʥΪЩˣΪֻﵽ۷壬Ҫﵽ۷壬ٻҪʱ䡣
ʦηɰ׵ΪȣȴЩҶԤϡ
ΪҶµĴƷʯٶȵ˫ؼӳ£ʦηɰ׵ΪһµʱڣȻһ·쭵ء
˵Ϊ쭣ǾʥˣѪ£սǳɱɱ
ʥˮʵһڣ˵˷츲صı仯
ηɰףƾ޺ɷ֮ҲӲһˡ
ȾʥͻƵ֮ͨսʤڵߣҲʲôˡ
պҶٰƺó׵ڵߣҲӦ
ҶոջתҪ˳״ΪҪ
ʥˮڻ˴Ƭ򣬹ˮlǾס
ʥæűǵѪᡣ
˳ЩʥƺʥʱϹŲǰ½ͻƵ֮ͨѾһ֮ˡ
ĵܣһ鱨ỳˮԪˣĿǰڻʵʱԱʵʿƻˮỳˮˮʥˮˮڣһ¡
ϸ˿鱨Ҷ̧ͷôˣ
ҾģʱѾˣµǧҲҪսĳɳʽƺʥ˵
ĿǰʵȷʵһˮʵʿƵĵԽǾͿԴĶɹڱĵ̣ҲԽȹ̡ʥ˵
ҶĿȴǿ˴δĸǾʿ졢ĸˡ
ʥȻƴĻҵƾģǸǿʵң͸½ÿһе¥Ӱ鲼ڴԷ棬Ƿȱ
ǾȻҶ˼ҲǶ϶ˣһۣǾʿĿⶼĸϣ˼ײ
ĸ΢΢ǷǷҶ桢ƺηɰ⡣
Ĵ½̶һ£ĸѾ׵İλá
½ǰЩˣȫˣǰ˵Ļš
ǵСȫҶУպܹʲôĳɾͣȡʲôĵλȫȡҶ;ʥ˸߶ȡ
Ҷ뾸ʥԽǵλҲԽߡ
ΪĻţչֳһǲܻõõģ֣óġ
λʥʵûҪһˮȻĿǰļҴ򻳷ˮĴԪˣΪʲôҪˮͽļΧأ
ĸһ仰ҪþʥһȷʵһǿˮļΧǰ˼
ʥ䱻ļΧǺβгһһ̲ļԪ˵Ĵ׳ԼȻˮˮ֮¡ĸ˵
ԣƺʥüͷǣλֲɵһǸͻƣ˵ϵأ
ʥǳ䲻⣬Ժɵ̲һңǷӦǾʱ̲ڶҡ
ֻʣңǷӦΣʱѳɣǾ㷴ӦΣ
ĸĻոأʥĹǲܹСʧƻˮʵҲ׳һ
Ƕƣĸͱֳ㹻ĸйعԻˮ飬ҶҲٲ֣ʥĸǾʿ˸󱱺ֻʱ⡣
Ҷļƻĸˣǽʥˮ꣬Ϊ֮ͨҶٴǵ
ҪȻΪ̫ᣬı˸ɵҲһʧ
磬йؿԲ䱾Դ͸еϢ֮Ҷ¡
¹ˮѣڼУ¹ҶĻƽͨһ¡
ʥЩĵܣǸһеϢҵ٣ǿԲ䱾ԴϢûС
ҶһΣԤϡ
֮ڣСжţëǣĵرļɢأȴֻУһҿյһɵ塢ħ塢Ĵ½͸Сزжȫʥ˵
ҿյʥˮĽذµ·̶ѣ״ҲȽϤҽ׵İȫҪõĶࡣ
ɵͱȽԶˣҪһ²˵ܱӣΪҡǵ뷨ĵܻѡҿյõĽҪõĶ࣡
˵ʥһ٣ɵң۵ʿ࣬Ǵ̽ɵһЩصϢų˷ų鱦ϢʵԣͲ֪ˣ
Ϣųй鱦ϢҶĿһôɵǱҪһˡ


1440 
νңҶȥɵǾͽɵ۳ɵȥһˡ
ҪСǰѣܹ䱾Դ֮ĵرǱģҪȻԴĹȵСҪʱָѣʱĵλ԰Ϊλġ
ʥˮ˼죬Ҷǰһվҿյ
ԭʦηɰҪҶǰģҶȴûͬ⡣
ηɰĿǰʵҶ濴ֹߵǱǷȱߣһһɱУֻʵ̫ǿߣͻǳΣա
ʱڣηɰ׻Ϊ
ҿյʥˮ࣬ʥһˣԼҪ£úеҶٶȣй֮޲ҶƣֻҪ첻
˼ӸʥˮˮӡͨҶ뿪ʥˮֱҿյ
˼Ӹʥˮˮӡͨ·ˮѲ飬ңңļӡ֮£ˮѲ߶飬ͻС
ǱˮˮͨеһأȻҲʮڵĶ顣
ңֻ֮¡
ˮ֮Уݬ룬ЩˮͷٵˮûУǿһЩں·֮ͨеˮʱ
ν·ʵǴ֮е·ˮ˳·ٶֿʡȻź·н֮Ҳ˷ͨУֻǷѾһ㣬ٶһˡ
ҶĺУ̫źˮƿأ̸ϵǷ켫ȴۣڱи·ٶҪͬΪˮܶࡣ
ڴУٶȿ죬ҲʵǿҶһ·Ҳûˮ塣
ҶԽԽӽҿյǺ׻Ǻϣ
ŸŵĴӣָˮжնСֻĶпͣнųԷźƿնųĺš
ɱڼص۸ĺ֮ͣһ·ϣҶǴ۽磬δݿյѾʶ缯еķ
Ĵ½ĺ缯еͷ
ͷܼ򵥣Ĵ½СǧĽеľųɣںĴ½ĺеĴͺ֮ϡ
Ҳĺͥܵ۹ħͥҪԭ֮һ
ʵ֮ǰֽ׼ǱؿģҴ󲿷ֶڴܵ۹ڡ
ǣܵ۹һͳһļǿƵĵ۹ɾһһ㣬ÿ˵ͷϡ
ܹкĴ½Сǧ罻׵ļУжٺĻ޷
һ򵥵ӣĳһСӣ뿿ûλĴ½󹺴ľе
£е˵ڶû˸˵һ
ܳƷЩƾе˵ѡ
ˣЩǿľеϽ˽ģ˵壬ԼУһ֣ҲҪһԴġ
ôλӵνأ
ֻܸ߼ڴܵ۹ڵļ󹺡
ֻҪ㹻ߣܵЩ壬ûвĵġ
ǣˣܵѲ˾Ǹʲôģֱڻʵ۵ؼ࣬ȫԷοĸûң
ɵľˣҪ¶űġ
Ҫǣܵ·ǳԵҪ㷸µ壬ΥеλСĻӣҲҪһʰˡ
֮⣬еЩеģĵرһһЩϡޱȵıܵĹЩޣ˵ѹûˡ
伫þĽҲҪ
ڴܵĸУЩ壬壬ֻҪǴܵҲһĴڡ
˾ˣɱ˾ɱˡ
ΣԴΪ١
һйѪĽ澭Ҷ˵ҶĵҲǱȽͬģȻܵǵĳ࣬ʵ̫ѿˣֱƲϳְ
ǣ֮Сǧˣɵ
Թһο֮󣬾Ͳɵס
ǺЩ˾ͿʼѰµĽ֮أܿģĴ½ĺͽǵߡ
ĺޱȵĹ˵Ϊֹδ֮̽ء
ĺдС֮ҪǣĺͥĺĹǳɢˮͳˮ壬ǣǳɢ˭˭ߣȫƾʵ˵ʵ
ЩˮҪڳԺڣȴûдļȨ֮ǰҪǿǺ
ĺһЩ죬ͽĳ˻㼯罻֮أƸ֮ͨء
ܵ۹ϧѪɱδûͨͳαĺȻ½ǻ㼯ｻ׼ɢ֮е뷨
ǣȴꪳɳ
գôЩССˣĺŹ壬ںĺССĽ׵죬ʢǧ꣬
Ƶϻ㼯ĵرĴУĺ֮УҲֻʮҡ
ĿǸݽ׹ģı仯仯ġ
ҿյУǽǧĴС
ɵͱȽϹˣ˵Ѿʮļ¼ˡ
ĴУͷֲڱ֮ˡ
죬Ҷпҿյʱ򣬾ȵһ
ǰҿյռԼǧ﷽Բϣ޽ǽĽ̶ܳȣأй֮޲
Χĸۿڣͣ˴СС̴һ࣬ȫڴ̴ܹ
̴ĺ֮׵Уɵı󣬶ŴܵӰӡ
ǰ˽һĺڵ缯УļΪɡ
ûκ̲飬ûдǰνĳ˰ҲûнһɷɵĽݿյ
Ҷ濴Ľ֮ڵʮ̼ҷʱϰٵʹӵϷ𣬾ֱҶ档
һĻҶһΪҪ֡
ԶԶģǸͳҶ̯˫֣λӣҿյн飬ҿյе̼ңҶʶҿյ˳ɵ̼ңйϵҿյɵ̼ңŻݸҡ
һ죬ֻҪһƷ鵤һٿƷʯӶҾﳬ
λӣҲҿյн飬ҡ
ӣҡ

ϰֻѼͬʱʲôоҶھʲôо
ϰн飬ȫҶԸظ֤Ըн顣
ǣҶ治š
ҶоЩһ￴ԸĿ⣬ڿһֻһ㣬ҶĹӶǣǲʲôý
ڣҶȷʵҪһн顣
ͻȻ䣬ҶĿһΧ۹нΧһڴȴִżֵȻ
һ꣬һԳıȱԴĶ䣬Ⱥзע⡣
ʲô֣Ҷ濴ꡣ
عӣҽд䣡һӶƷ鵤ֻƷʯ˵
ޣӶȱ˹
Ҷ¶һ˿ʧһɲǣҶȴһָˣ


1441 ˵ļ۸
˶׷ЩʱҶģ󣬱ȻɣȻƷ鵤Ҷ㲻ʲô
Ϊн飬ΪߣصΪںĴ½ôҿյУҲǺǿ
ϻûȫɢףͿԿ
γƺţܿģͽ״̬ò˵һСӵĶе󣬻ǺͿ֡
ҶԸıڱǲˡ
յңҶ潫ԸĻ˧ļ˳
Сļҹӣ֪ҹӴ˴ǰҿյҪҪҪʲôʲôСĺôȥӦĵ̣˵
Բ䱾ԴУҶʵĺֱӡ
ƳҶһۣҹӣǵȱϢͲҵܹ֪ģ
״ҶһЦҲٵ٩ֱ꣬˵˵һĵرҪ֣ȥһۣȻȥչۣ
ƺҿյлˣϰˣ΢΢ҹӣϳ֮һ̼ңͬʱչͳЩĵر
빫Ӹ֪ǺĵرҺôȥӦĵ̣
ݣʯ١Ů÷ҶɣҶڱҩ
£ԭǵĴ䣬ȴ¶˳Ծ֮ɫĵرɶΪϡ棬ǰ֮ѵһȻУ࣬٣ֻ
ҹӣ֪ĵرж٣
ճڣͼҶһ䣬æҹӲҪˣСֻҹƼʵĽ׵ص㡣
ӸոᵽĵرȻΪϡ֣ǣڵļ۸ȴߣЩ͡
ǹӻ٣СĿԴȥһЩɢ̯һЩʦڿĹչҩɽ۸ϸߣܳµĻΪޡ
ǹӻ࣬Сľֻܴǰ̼ңγɽȫӵˣ˵
ԣҶһɣû뵽ĵףô˼ȻˣȴȥЩɢĵʦ￴ʲô۸񡣡
õģҹӣ룡
ҿյһҵٵµĳУ˵Ǵ𶼲Ϊ
ִСС̼ңȫֲҿյϲͱͶСһ԰ɢ̯λгūг
ռҿյķ֮һвȫһߣԺ֣ҿյвһֻҪҪС
˯ħħҵõˣеһǧĺ͡
ôĻ˵ҿյһ棬ֱ޷ݡ
˵ЩۿڣƵꡢĳиҵ̵𣬾˵ɢ̯λгһ룬ô಻ѡ
ǸɢгҪǽʯܽģֻҪгҪһƷʯҪгڰ̯ҪһٿƷʯܻһ̯λ
˵Ǹɢгһ֮ڽġġм©ģͳˣ룬һƷʯ
̯ģչĻģÿ̯λһǰƷʯ롣
ǸгһƷʯ൱Ʒʯ룬ǿܹƷ鵤
ҽһ롣
һǶ٣
һǶ٣
ɢг룬ҿյʮ֮һһ붼ûС
һ·ϣҶŴ˵Ҷ涼Ȳѡ
ҪԸĳһУǲƸֱ͡
ҶǵĽͷȥ
ֹģУɲʲô˶ܾӪġ
ҶһģУһɲǣҶҪʬͷˡ
ҿյı󣬾˵εıû˸£ƽضмλǿֵ´һڹ
ҲֻλڱҿյУȵĿȥ
ܿģʹҶɢУ˰֮ҶֱһŤͷߵĳ嶯
̫ˣ
ɽ˺Ϊ
ӣСĵ㣬ֻ֣Ƿǳģ괫Ҷһ䡣
ֻ֣ҶЩ⣬ҵΪȻֻͨ񾳣Ҳֻܹ͵˵İɣǿ
ӣ㻹СЩЩֻ֣һֺñ¡ȥ꣬һλĴܣﱻ˰˴ָ˵
ôܣ£ֵҶɴ۾ˣߣˣҲһɣ
ôң
ɽ˺ģôңֻ֣һ֣ƱػӰ⣬ǿ߾ͻ֣˭£˵
Ҷһ룬пܣ£Ͱ˵ǻס˴ָ
ҶĿǣոռȺûãһֻֻ־кҶ׼ˡ
ôһֻ֣ȻһĵҶؿҪֻҪҶҪܵܵػסָһɢȥǵͬͿԳưҶĴָ
ϣַֻٵĵҶؿڵɲǣҶĻ͵̽һСԴǾͷһԴ˳һͽֻ˿С
һҽ쳹
ϱϵѪɲǣҶѾŴȺֻֻҽţȴûᡣ
ûãЩηĿһҶؿڣȻӣﶼˣ㿴̯λǰ߶Ҫչĵرƣһһѯʼɡ
㻹˵չݡʯٵ̯λв١
ݵչۣ͵ģʮƷʯһƷʯģߵһʦһݣһʮƷʯĸ߼ۡ
۸ҶϲҪ֪ڵĳݣаϡ
ҪȫȥǵһʲôĲƸ
ȻҶҪȫȥݵļ۸񣬿϶ȥһ붼пܣǰͼʮƷ㣬۸ʮƷʯһ꣬ҲǴ׬ͷ
Ҫ֪½ĿǰͳƵ״ÿԳʮңң½ҩ֮һĲڰϡ
⻹һҩĲջ
ϧǣ̯չˣչ࣬һλѣҶһƷʯļ۸꣬½ɢɢǧ֮󣬾ͳ׵ķˡ
ҪҶҲܹİݸ꣬˵Щѻɽҩˡ
ʱһȦҶĵر飬뿪ɢС
ӣȥ̼ңҿյǰʮʵΪۺ̼֮һĻҪӦܹԵ¡
ڴĽУҶ߽һΪ̺ͨš
ƹģûгأҶʵ
ݣƹҡҡͷʱ޻֮󣬻һǧݵ͹Ҫʯʱƾӡǰȡ
һʯҶʵ
ƹĳҶָͷƷʯ
ԣҶ˵ͷƹģһЩݣ֪չ
գȻգж٣Ҫ٣
۸񣿡
ƹĳҶһָͷһɲǣҶ۾صɴ


1442 쳣
ƹģûɣһƷʯҶ۾ɵĴģΪˡ
ۼƷʯʵʿۺʮƷʯչһƷʯ
ʮĲ۰
Ҷ֪̲飬֪˺ڣһΣǱŵˡ
ҶǸԾޱȵģƹģȴûκε⣬Це˵͹٣ۼ۸չۣ¡
̺ſĵ⣬ÿվһۣ˹ҩıܡ֧һƷʯչۣͦġ
Ȼǿ͹Ļ࣬ҿչ۸ϸɡ
ƹ˵꣬ҶŤͷ뿪ͨš
Ҫ۸ʵ̫ˡ
Ҷ뿪ûãһߴҴҽƹԶ˼䣬ƹһһҶ뿪ķȥ
ҿյһ˺𣿡߳ͨţҶЩƵʵ
̸Ϻڣˣһǵ߳ͨţҿյ̼ڣֻǰʮǼӪĸɫҩڹģϣҿյȴǵһң
ִҶȥ˺ü̺ţ£ҶɫҲѿˣ飬Ҳòÿ
֮ǰҶһʮļ̼ңļ̼֮Уһģǳĺڡ
ݣ߼ۣҲֻһƷʯĿۣǸͨŵġ
ҹӣܱˣ׼ס޵ĵطʱһֱĴ䣬ͻؿ˵
ˣʲô˼
ҿյĴС̼򣬿ƶһ̻мۡĳݣֻûһҵĳ۱һҵ͡

Ҷ˼һ£ݸ˴ʮƷʯݹӶ죬ȥңôһҿյУܱ̼ҿƵģ
ƽͨ¹ҶպԴҶҪһ׶־õܷġ
ڶһ磬ĺҶŵľƵǰҶ֮ٴδҶҿյĶеĴ̼֮ѯš
ǣת˺üңЩʵۺ̼ҿļ۸񶼺ܵͣûһҵı۸߹֮ǰͨţҵı۸ߴʮƷʯһ꣬ǳԻȴǷǳޣÿ²ᳬһꡣ
ҶЩķңʹ뿪ҿյ
߼䣬ҶͻȻǰһʢŵ̺ǰʾϣдŸ߼չݡʯͷ٣Ҷ۾һٲ롣
ݸʾһһԿͨĴ䣬һּ΢Ƶ
һ·ҶߣǶԴһֱ΢Ĳš
ܿģҶ붫ʢŵƹ̸ǳ̸ԷͿһѾôִļ۸ʮƷʯһݡ
Ҷ濴۸ȻмԵͣҲλԷһҪܹڹӦ۸񣬻
òһҺʵģҶ浱ʾ̸̸
ҹӣܹڽףȻСŵĹˣߵľ̸ƹĺ飬ҶȻȻӦŵ
ɾҶӦʱҶ鸮Уͻؾ˴괫ҹӣҵЩŵǻ뿪ɡ
ŵ뿪ҶĿһ۴䣬ԴһģԼòҽн˸˵߹ɣ
ҪȻôùںòмϵģСҩ
£Ҷû䣬ֱƹߵľҡ
ӣ̸ʱһҪҵ꣬ҶȥЩ
һ㣬Ҷ治ôѡ
뾲ûãǸƹľҶĳݳһ꣬ÿ¶ܹӦһϣôǵչۣʮƷʯһꡣ
ҶĹÿܹ꣬ôչۣɣﵽʮĿƷʯһꡣ
˵ʵʮĿƷʯһݣȻͣѾﵽҶĿԳɽĵ߼۸ˡ
ҪǣҶģٴһ㣬۸᲻һأ
ƹģÿܹӦأҶʵ
ƹһ£Ե÷ǳ⣬ĻҶˡ
ҹӣ۸ٸˣңʮĿƷʯļ۸СΪʽת⣬֮⣬ÿµĽףֻȸɣɣӿԴСѡɫҩʡ
һҶվҶףǱˣˣˡ
Ϣ֮ҶɫЩĴӾ߳һֱȺĴæ
û¶װɣ׷Ĵ伱æʵ
Ҷش𣬶伲ٲͣĴ䣬ͻصͨŵĴƹˣǿܿ
ͨŴƹô֪ģ
ӣߣ
ҶĿɿڴǣ˻ûһʮ˾ӵһñųߴҶܿ߾ЦųҶһȭǵҹӵ棡
ϷͨŴƹԳ㣬ϷϷ񣬻ҹ͹һϷ̸һͨţԻһõҹļ۸񣡡
ͨŴƹԳĻҶٱҲôˡ
ǼҶʢŵƹ£ǰͨŵĴƹһ֣ԽΪҶĵףҪȻϼһôֵܳ˼ʱ
ˣҶķŭ֪
Ҷĵףʱû̫ķŭǺ档
ҶЩ棬䣬ôܹδ֪أ
ǰṆ̀ʾʱƹԳǴмɹҶÿˮѪˮɢҲ޷˿Ԥ֪ͨŴƹĵ
ȻѯʵʱӦǰϼһ˵
ʵģǰԴƹѾĳЩ֪Ҷдĳݣⰲôһ֡
ǣԴƹŵеĽ׼۸ҶѾʾ˿Խܵ˼۸ɽˡ
ǣǸƹʽתͨҶһӣִҶһѡ
ôԴƹͼͺˣҪҶĵףҪһԴҶ档
Գ϶ñǸƹ͵ļ۸ҶɽҪȻҲðŵҶĿƹҶӡ
ֱӳ棬Ӧͨ׾ͺá
ͨһ㣬Ҷôͺܼˡ
ԲûȤ
Ǳų֮ҶһŴȥ
ҶθնԴƹߵһϢۻߣһᣬ͵Ҷǰ
ʲô˼ԴƹѵǿҶǸһ˿Ȼ
Ǻǣͨҿյô£µҹӣֻЩҪԵҹ˵
ҹӣͨŶԵҹӵĳûԴȤҹԸ⣬ǿԴɳõĺϵңǾԿԸһõҹļ۸񡭡
ˣûȤʲôЦҪг⣬õôֶΣҶҪӦǳú˵챻˶֪
ն仰Ҷתߡ
һΣԴƹûҶ棬ңңĵҹӣȥͨŵĴţʱΪҹӳ
ϷͨڹҹӴݹ٣
̬̫ˣ϶Ҷսתͨš


1443 ֲԴƹ
䣬ô֪ǸʢͨŵĴƹŵľ֣ô֪ǸԴƹǰԶͨŵĴƹ֮Ҷʵ
˵ʵͨŴƹԳǳԶҶģҶҶȴı֡
عӣСҿյľˣҲһЩ飬ʢôĿҪ߼չݣСıܵľ⡣
ԴƹҲǻľˣ˵ʢͨеϵûκα仯ͣƺҲ˵ͨ
ǣҶܾġ䲻һ㣬о飬ҲǰȷԴƹˣ
ҶģҪǻо飬ֻ϶ͨŻ˵ԴƹҪܾЩ⡣
ҶҲǳʲôֶΣҲҶ˵ġ
䣬ɣҼչҩ̼ҡ
Ҷת˲ʮչҩ̼ңÿһҿļ۸񣬶ܵ͡
ôңԭҶ濪ʮƷʯչۣмƹĴҴ뿪һ֮Ͼ͸Ŀˡ
ⱳҪûͨڸǲŽйˡ
ԭҶʹ˷ϳݺݵĶһͨųһڶ֮󣬾뿪ҿյǰɵ
ҶͲˣͨŵצӣ쵽һɵȥ
Ŀɨ֮ҶͶһ˼
䣬ĻѾ˽ĲˣȴͨŸסˣûкʵĳкʵĳܹһʵļ۸ɽʱҶһǧƷ鵤Ҷͻ͵
һǧƷ鵤۾ʱˡ
ʵǣҶ̫ˡ
ӣѹͲʺн飬ҿյ죬ʮﲻһ쿪ţҶͻһĵһͻԲŷġ
ϣ£һܹջ߿Ʒ鵤ͶˣҿյʲôټԸҲʣ¶١
ǰҶŵһǧƷ鵤ǵ֣㹻޸ģһΪͻƣĵ·ֽһ
ģʮпܻµңʱô䶯ˡ
ȻҪڿ㣬ҿȸһ롣Ҷһģ;Ϸ
۾תתҹˣСŵҹӣҹҪҵǿԳڽ׵³ɽϵĿͻɲңҪʱ䣡
ԣҶ۾ٴһô֪Ҫҵ³ɽϵĿͻ
Ҷǵĺ̸ģھ̸ģѯ۵̻Ҷжٻ˵ܡ³ɽϡЩϢ
֪ģ
йŹ֣
۾һתæ͵ҹӣСƹ˵©죬֪ģӼ£
ͺǣǿҶǵãйسɽֻǸƹ̸ô֪ģ
ӶʢųɾδƹйӴ
ҶĶ
Ҫ˵ͨŵˣȴֲܣȻΪʲôҪǰʾ
£ʵЩ졣
ҶҲ׷ʣǺãҵԽ׵ĿͻͷѶң¥ҡ
ͨڣʢŵƹͨŴƹԳ࣬⼸ƹһСźš
ǸյҵģΣԳʵ
شƹģûģת˺ö̼ңǵ˾ˣ޹ᣬ˾¥
ãϷ򶢽ˣһһҪرСʧˣСǵԴƹԳһ
ܿģ̺ƹʣ¶ʢŵƹһˣæȥЦЩףô⣬Ϊʲôأ
ҳЩ۸СѾ⶯ˣǳɽһҲʮƷʯ㶥ǶʢһĴˡ
οСӵ˼Сӻһȱʯ٣һʴⰡΪʲôأ
ԳƳһƹ񣬡ӣ
ϣʲô׬Ǯ
򣬵ȻǶһҰͨţľǶһҵ⣬ҲǸͨմġƹЦݡʯ٣ܹڹģͨССдлŪǿԼռˣ
ռ
Գٴһ㵱ҿյʮ̼е⼸ңȫǳصģǶô⣿
ֻҪϢȥ죬ᵽѪζޣһ
ʱ򣬾СӱˣܶסЩޣһɿڣǵĶһҵ⣬ɾˣԳ˵
ԣƹ˵ͷǣҲû취飬ֻҪռ˴ͷ
ʲôռ˴룡Ŀ⣡
Գ͵վ֪ܹͨӦݡʯҩ˶
Щš廹жԳĴС磬Ϊ˴õݣòǵİ
ʯٵһ˷ȥЩİʧЧ
ʱ򣬱ǽݸʯǿĴͻǻᾡʧ
ʱ򣬱˵ǸССĶʢţͨţҲҪҿյʮ֮гˣ
˵ƹɫرý
Ķʢţȫǿͨŵı߽ǳˣͨһǧɣĶʢţǾҪֱӵˡ
ǡǺãͻԴСǵһΣʮΰƹ񼱵
Գٴκƹһۣ뵽Դ֣⼸Ҳû׻졣룬Դ֣ɲţ
ԣƹٴü˼Դ
ڴ֮ǰ֮еĳݺʯٵ߳ɣУңеĻԴҲǳޣϰδ
һҲ꣬СһӦÿ¹Ӧ꣬һµĹͱһĹҪ࡭
ͻȻ䣬ƹ͵̧ͷԳ㣬˵Сӱ󣬿ܡ
Գĵ˵ͷûʯٴʵѹ㲻ʲô
ԹΪʯٵͼ̣Ĵ½Ȼ޷ֲֻǼСĳҲǳޡ
ǣյҵСڱһµĲͱȸǹǸСһĲܺͻҪࡣ
ȻǸС粻ýȫӦǣⱳ壬ף
ƹ۾ͻȻ͵ɵıͭ廹Ҫ󣬡㲻˵СӱһԴʯٵСɣ
ǳ֮⣬ʲôܹСΪܹӵ˺ĳݣ
ңϷģСӱҲпһȫµС磬Ȼݵо꣬û̫ĽչҲڳݵо棬ͻԵĽչĽ
ϷģǰߵĿԸ󣡡
ȫµС硭⼸ۣ÷ƹֱˮ


1444 ̺
̺ͨڣ˼ľУԳԴƹڿĿɿڴ÷ƹۡ
룬һȫµС磬ǴжֻҪеİٷ֮һ棬Ҳ̺ǿ򱶰ɣ
򱶡ƹӣһƺЩˣЩ˼ǣ
ƹģԳԴƹ̾һ˵ʵڣȫŵùˣʵûУҲԲὫ¸߸ǳһ÷
û취÷򣬳һңһ㣬£ȴŲٿָʹ֡
ͨŵĴƹ񣬱ƽʱģȫǽı󶫼ҵĹ⡣
б󶫼ҵ֧֣ûб󶫼ҵ֧֣ѹͳɲ¡
ܳΪͨմȨĴƹ񣬿ǶҶҲġ
ԣҪ£ֻѡ÷ˡ
£漰ܴ󣬺һЩжǶͨŵ֣£ʮа˾ţͻᱻ֪
һ֪ټ棬ûϵˣԣҴ㶯ļ֣
Ҫö֣򾡹ܿڣƹš
ҪܹŵùģΪͣҲͨкڣãס£Բܹţ
ҷԣ֪֪֪֪Դƹָָһص˵Ȼһй¶ǲһܵĴ󸻹Сᡭ
ƹһݣȻģ£Ҷ˵ġ
ҲԴƹƹڼӳľڽʱҿյһ״һԶһַǳ΢ƵʿĴ䣬ͻһþޱȡ
ûһ֮󣬴ͱþޱȡ
ԭؾ˰֮󣬴ͻس̾һԿЦ֪ͨ˶Σ
飬ԲܲϵģóȻϽȥôĶ֪鱨ˣµõ鱨ˣһʱҲɱڡ
һ̾˻Դһ˶Ķ䣬Ҷڵľ¥ǰȥ
Ҷ֪ǸԴƹƾһζݵףƾĻʹµƶϳһȫµС硣
ôҶ棬ҲԲҿյͷӬһҴѰҳˡ
ϧǣһУת¥Ҷ棬һŲ֪
Ҷת¥ûãٴ¥Ҷȥ
ӣҵһλ̣ǵļ۸ӦòʱҲۺ񣡡֮˵ķǳֱӣֻҶĿ⣬мֹ죬ֹĿһգҶҲûʲô쳣
ޣ
عӣͷţҪӴһµĻʹȥ˵
·ɣ
ҿյֻдģħģħķū⼫𱬣ֻࡣ
£ҿյͷҲǼࡣ
ԭеĵص㶼ʺ޽ͷģǶӵд͵߶ԣȻʺϣǾ͸ʺϲͳˣ
ҿյÿһͷÿͷڣǾ޽ƣǧĴ󴬣洦ɼ
ҪûˣҲض
һ·ϣҶ˲ħ壬Ȼħһ缴ĺаԵ˶·ҲҲͻ
ƣžôġ
ͣдĵͽħ壬Щɫ˵ħ壬ħħз켫ʺϿľħıūг
ٵĸūŮūϴֻľȻĿ⣬ҶЩΡ
ӣˣҾ޽ڵˣ˴ξɹʯٵģֱͿǢ
Ǣ֮ʣõͷľڣǧҪϴģɶʲôƲ磬ٻйţһǵĴǾ˵ˣһ
˵ͷҶһһݰ˴󴬵
ҿյôãҶѧˣݰ֮УҶݸӼ򵥡̺Ŷƹڰĺߣע̺ŵزʯ٣
޽׵ͨ񾳺ڵΪҶƣͨ񾳺ڵߣΪŵľ޽ϣŽǿ
ȻҶ沢⻪ŵĿͻҶ棬鿴˰ۣߵֹףô죬һΣǸյһʱϡ
ʲôҪĶȥͨһߴһ䡣
һгҶĶڣҶһ
У͸
͸¶Ŀڷ磬Ҿ޽ִҿյһʱûнκεҵǵˣû´ô֪Ǵ˴βɹ嵥гʯ٣
һ㣬ǴǵĴҲС
Ҷûô£̶ÿжƷʱ򶼲һһǱܵ֡
£֪ģ
Ҷϸ룬һܼģ߾ʹӾ޽ܳҶߣҶ棬һЦĹֵϷңƹ񣡵ƹ°Ҽһ·ҿյһ·Ͷ٣˾ЪƬ̡
һϴϣͻƹϷƹĹȥ裡
Ҷ֪ǰ⻪ܼҶ̬ȣʮа˾ţΪʯ١
Ҷ滹ǴλܼҵУ˼ֶߡ
Ҿ޽ˣδ¹ոյ׼Ϣһᣬδκҵ֪ǵĲɹ嵥ģ
Ҷɻɻ󣬴ʱҲֻӦš
ȻˣôܼңȥͷϵǼҲݵҶ˴ĽĪϴ
ףҼˣһ˵ƹģƹԴȥݣһ£
˵꣬ǻܼһ֣ʹһŮ˶һݣҶȻĿע£ܼҴȥһŮʼɿĸڵߣƷʾϸ̺ǼҲݵϰ壬˸߲ҵǰʯ
ǽ
̾һ֮ҶͱĻܼ˽ȥ
ƹ񣬲֪ܹṩĳݸʯٸж٣ûǧꣿܼѯʵ
ǧ𣿡ҶһεĲɹֻǧ𣿡
ԣܼĿһϲô˵ŴҩܶࣿǶĻĲɹҪҼ
˵ˣݣжҪ٣һΪش⴫һһµŮӣ˾ҡ
̺ŵĵƹ񣡵ƹҼ
Ȼܼҽϣݵ⣬ͻؾҿյûϷܽĵط
Ҷ鶸һ䣬ǸͨŵԴƹ


1445 
ͨŵԴƹ񣡡ܼһҳȥһۣͼǰر
ոսŵİ¹װŮӳҶ¶һǸ΢Цת˲ݵǰ
û뵽СŮӸո´ٸضȼںò裬ȻܹԴƹʵСŮӵң
û£Դƹ񺣺
һˬĸֶͨԴƹ״ǺһЦŰ¹װŮ΢΢һЦҲˣҪ֪ˣϷ˵õ㱸ºò裬볤һ
볤½һεĲɹ嵥͵ͨڣϷ򽫻ᾡΪ±ԳЦ
Ҷһû뵽Գλʶ˵˼ƺϵĻ顣
ԳƻΪ£ƺȻںĴ½ãҲʲôܹܵ⻪ҲǷ
ãҲзҵĶŮ
ˣԴƹˣԴƹǻҵҪ飬겻żмϺõ裬ԴƹƷһ˵
Գȴǰ˰֣ͨŵ֮һȻͨŵĵ̣Ȼ֮ꡣ
Ϸұ˵ģԣֻܸ볤ˣ
ұˣûйܼһҶЩ⣬ƺ֮Уǣޱˡ
һɲǣͬʱӦҶǸҡ
£ĳҪҹҪ̸ͽ賤°µĲһã²ɣԳ˵
תȻʶԳΪ˴ɣΪҪ˰Եĳݡ
һУΪҶеĳݡ
ޣɵĺܣƹҲСŮԤԼĿأʶҶҪԣʱת̬ȡ
ޣ𣿡
Գ϶ظ˺ܲƤЦⲻЦЦݣǻɵĺţҸɵǣҹӳĻǳݡҿյеĹأϷˣֻϷ̸ˡ
˵ԳٺһЦ²ɹĵرֻǳһְɣ
һ͹һ˪
̳ϻģ֪ܲԳԴƹ֮
ҿյףҪعصģǻ˹أôͿ⵽ȫ̼ҵĵƣͨҿյ̻ʮͷ֮һ
ԳἰǴ˴βɹĿ϶ֻһ֡
в֮ͺˣǰݣҪǣܲ˳Ĵҿյɹˡ
ջһЩͼ۵ĳݣǣĲɹ嵥ϵϰĵرĲɹ۸񣬾˵ˡ
ΪҪǣǰҿյûгֹ
ҿյ̺ţֱӴҿյ̺ŵĹӦͼ۲ɹһҩҿ߶̺ŷˣ̻ڲƣһҲɹ嵥ϵĻȫǼһ
գƵһűгһĸ߼۲ɹǵǸģŹôһء
һˣȡᣡ
ȻǼҪðôķա
ǺǣСŮҲعصģôԴƹȣºٸλƹģ
˵
ƹģСŮиˣǸһ䣬һŮ͹ܼң뿪Ҳݡ
߽ҵԴƹҶĵԴƹıӣ湻ģ
ϷԽ仰Ϊ𣿡Ҷ£Գûκβ죬Ҷǰ衣
ûϢһڵͷҶǰ
ҹӣϷǰԵҹʩһЩҵֶΣǵõҹӲ죡ǱʹȻԣЩֶΣҹӼ¡
ϷԲƣҹ˵ţһһ
ԳҲҶ濪ڵĻᣬֱ˵ĵһΣϷǴųҵҹӵģ
ҹеĳݣϷÿ꿪ʮƷʯļ۸۶٣ȫչǳչԳһдҵԼ
Գˬ죬ҶЩ⣬Ļ湻찡
ǰǰ٣ȴˬҶЩʵ
ЩȵҶ棬ԳٴҶһöָͨŵһ⣬Ժÿһνףн׷ݶһɵĺô͸ҹӣ
Գ㿴ҵΪ඼Ϊļ塢£˭ԸԸõô
ҶУԳΪĿЦ
¸ϣȻԳж
ν³ҶС֮࣬ҲԸĿ
˼ҵĵ̣Ҷ滹ǽá
Ҷݺܶ࣬ȥһҲνסǰԴƹе顣
Դƹ۸Ҳ⣡ϷȫףҶһϲĽԴƹĻ¸յԳ㰵Цѡ
һҳĳֻ꣬ǰһЩнǧ꣬Գɽ
ҵԼҪоһ£ҪʾгܶҶԴƹ
˵˵Ϸ͵ŵҹӵĺϢԳ˵
£ҶԴƹ񵱳ǧݣȫƷʯף׵ķǳ˳һõСͨѶŲԴƹЦе뿪ݡ
̤ݴŵʱԴƹһͱޱȡ
ޱȵĻת̺ͨţƹĸͬʱԴƹͺʵûУСϵϸյҿյĻģ


1446 ȫµķ
شƹĿǰûʲô̺ͨڲһµСĸԳػ
ûʲô˼Գһ䡣
شƹģȷʵûǵϢǻҵľ޽ִۿڻһʱ
̺ţҲڻҵľ޽ۺһʱŵõϢǣǵõϢʱǸҹӣѾǰ˻Ҿ޽
˵µһٵ£ֻһֿܣ
ʲôܣԳʵ
Ǹյҵ뻪ңȾϵǹµĻص
ž
أԳŭһ˦ϣǻյҵ֮ϵܵҿյ֮ĽˣֵϷǰȥغ
ԳҲΣԭļƻҪһҶͷɺҶĵס
ôҲûϵҶ澹Ȼ׼ȷޱȵĴ˸ոյִҿյĻҵĴӣҶԳݵ󣬷ǳĴ
ÿ꣬Ϊ˲ɹĳݣҶýǵĲɹ嵥ϵİ˳ɣͨŴãң۷Ҳܱ
ǱϵյҵģͨžҪӰ졣
ΪһˣǷǳġ
Ҷ汳ܴڵǸС磬ûȷеϢ֮ǰӪ̺ͨţάĵλ档
ͬʱֻҶﵽл׳Ҷıܡ
ŴҴҸȥغģҿһ߼ۡ
һҶ뻪ӴôҶļ۸䣬ͺˡ
ȻռޣôΪײԳ㣬ǵѡ񣬾ͺˡ
ԲΪɱļٶðſǿҿյ̻ΣգҶ潻׵ġ
⡭⡭˦һƵ£켱ˣûʲô
ǰ鱨յҵģǵһҿյޱ˵Ľ룬ǲܡ
ʱһ´ҴҴ߽رƹģˣյҵסǼҾ¥С˵磬ǸнҶؾ¥뿪ˣһʱ֮ǸнֻתǸյҵģһ뿪
ԣԳĿһ⵱еŵпܳǸнϣ
ûǸнϣԳʵ
ܿģһöͰԳǰɨһ£Գֹ䣿ҿյڴͻµһн顭ҿյеİգΪ׼
ʮа˾žͳΪнϡԳϵ
ԣһǰƹģھ͹ȥǸ󣿡
ԳȴǶȻܾȲܴݾߡ
ҶˣǸҶ뿪ҿյȥʰ䣡
һ֮󣬹ºƹǵĶ뿪ˣԳȴǻ÷򡢶ʢŵƹڿ֮ǰԴƹ˼磬ſڡ
ˣжõԳʵ
򣬿ˣ֮Ҿ֪ͨ˸֣ȫٸʮˣϾܵ
аˣ½ܵƹ˵
ǾͺãǸյҵģܻ뿪ҿյǻתϼңǾ͸㶢·ߣǲתϼңתʽϵϼңǣͽܣԳ㽻
ԣƹصĵͷͷİɣ
˽̸ϵʱڲ⿿һǽ۾Ĵ䣬ͻȻʹһУز˾֮ɫ
ʶһոⲽ˻
Уͨſ϶˴ֶŵҹңʧ룬ע⡣
Ҫڵҹ뿪֮󣬲Żʰңһʱ䣡
ң룬״ֻ̬㣬Ҫõҹ˵һǧƷʯһǧƷʯʡãӦ㹻ͻƵͨˣ
ֻҪΪͻƵͨ񾳣ǰ·ֻ᲻һ֮󣬴ԭأֻ飬ȴǸӵĽ
ڣҶ»һߵĻ衣
Գ뿪ûã»ˡ
ò˵̲֣ǱһԵʣ˲Ŀ
ƹ񣬳иΪð⣬һʮָ˳ָҶһ֮󣬻ʵ
޷Ҷ˵
ҧһ촽֪ƹԴƹĳɽɽǶ٣
֪ðǿԣƹĻشһ
ԣҶһЦҲҿյ̼ңҴ˴ιҲǰѰȶģⷽ棬ûʲôɻġ
Ҷ֮ǰԳĳɽۺͳɽ
ɽ۲ûû¶֮ɫǳɽȴûĪ
ǧꣿƹûɣͨһĽҲĿˡ㵵
µ˼ǣ˻׬ˣҶʵ
ٴηһ裬ĵƹģ֪ǻͨŵĲɹǶ𣿡
٣
һݣһƷʯңһֻܸṩһꡣ֪ƹûȤǽõĽףȻֽףҪܿͨţ˵
Ҷ濴óͨţΪɵġ
سļ۸ҶĹƷΧ֮ڣҶһĳݽгôݵļ۸Ȼ
ԣҶĿǰѰҵģһȶڴǽƽͨĻ
֪һĲɹж٣Ҷ̽
ǵƹлǻһٿԳʮݣδܻ࣡˵
˵ҶεҡҡͷҶ׷ģǳԶĽףȻҲʵĺ顣
״¶֮ɫôѵƹеĻҪĶ࣬ǳԲ𣿡
ǵҲǣһܹԵǵ߰˳ɻˣҶʱҲǺܱģֻ˵ֻ
ֻǣ糤´ǰǵһҪǳԶ棡Ǳļ壬ҩǧ֣ÿĲĴ
һңǾԳԲµģ
ԣγʵۺ񡢳졢ܹںĴ̼顣Ҷ˵
ԣȴգգ۾ƹ˵Ǳļ壬ҩΪҩǧ֣ÿĲܴ󣿡
ûôˣҶ˵ͷ
ƹʵ㲻ģ˵ĻԴЩ̼ҺĻܳԿ˵
ҶεһЦǵȻףǣΣлûܲɣ
ûǿԼ˵
ԣҶٴЦЦ˵ЦˣԼ̸ף
ٴգһ۾һַ·ڿɵһĿƹгݡʯֽ¢ԵҩԴ
ҸģСһĺУǶֻ֣ҪϢųȥͻ̼ţȻȻͽˣͨŵ̰
ҿյĴߣ겻ҲƾŶеƿʯ𣬽չĹģ
ԣҶˣ
̶̼仰Ҷһȫµķ


1447 
ƹһտ֪ͨ۱ںδһǰſڣٲ͡
һ
֮Ҷ漴뿪
ڲڣҶ뻪Ѿϵʽ
Ҷ棬ǺгģѾԼҶ潨Ը֮󣬻ϵҶ棬Ҷɹݡ
ʵڣҶĳݵıڰϣǽǳ
Ҷոս׸ԳݣóݣĻϣ鷳ɾͲˡ
ĿǰԣǽΪ
ڲ֮ڣҶܵͻȻ˽Լ뷨
绪ԣҶԴܶ࣬ǿһСڵԴҶرĺԴ
˺Դÿͨ˵ۣ˵ǳ۵͸ĳɣǳ۵ϰɣǳ»Ҳһ֡
ԭԼһ鷳ѵ飬УĳɽۣίиͨĴ̼ҡ
绪ԣҶԴҲǿٽõı
ֻҪҶƣһò˶ãЩԳž޴ĸͻӿ
ңҶже¢ԵԴɲǳһ֣аʯֲ½ҩǶеġ
ϰĵرǺĴ½Ϊϡȱ½ĴĵرЩֻҪҶԣ⡣
ҶĿǰΨһǡʵ
ν
һҶĽһЩǿĴڣͻζèһϹǿвһš
ÿһģҪһɹɣŪ߼ɵ棬ѿģǻὫҶƤǵȥ
ΪʲôĳЩΪһͻĳؿڣʱܹ¸ӵкĲƸ
Ĳ˵˵ΪڽʱҲһ㣬ǵѪΪӵǿ࿹֮ʱͲһˡ
ķСΪͶЧڣķˮʾá
ҿյݴ䱳ˣƱıҪȻЩ̼ܹԹԵĽ⽻˰ܹعأ
ҶĽһʵ鷳ͻӿĵطͻз
ǣܲҭʳ
ʱȻǱΪˮڣ
һѣҶͻȻģĿǰƹԴԸı֤ңҲֻнԸܽ½ĺԴ
ӲݳûãҶѾ˾ҪԸ
ҶһԵȺĴ͸ϽϣҶһת齵ľ¥
ӣ֪ջΣ컹ҪҪѰ̼ңѰҵĻСĺ׼
ȻҶָƣ֪ҶͨŵĴƹԳ˽ףǹʾҶ棬Ϊģ̽ҶĿڷ硣
Ҷ뿪ҿյĻҪ׼ˡ
ͨȻǰʵڲʲô
ͨŵԴƹѾɽһ⣬ȻڻɽģҲǽ˻ƣ⡣
ԣ֮ǰŵʹͣȻЧ˵ţҶ͵˴һǧƷʯ
ôЩ⣬һǧƷʯѾһʺǲƵĲƸˣ൱ʮƷʯΪû뻪ɣҶܻⷽΪû뵽Ҷʹ졣
Слҹ͡˵
Ҷɨһ۴䣬ҶѾ϶϶һ㣬ҪȻǻĴӸյһʱɹ嵥û֪ͣģ
ֻǣҶҲ£ǲ˵˽ģҶһй¶Ĵ
䣬н飬Һ⣬´ιһֱ÷Ѷϵ㣬ϣ㲻ҪƴǣҶ˵
ȴһôҪߣ
ߵˣҲʱҪ뿪ˣһʰһ֮Ҿ뿪Ҷ˵
Ŀһ˵ͷȻˣСľڴ´
һ滰֮󣬴뿪ˡ
ѾϾߣҶһ뿪ͨǱߵͻ֡
һͨŵܹȥǳϵĽеȫгºͨҲɱڡ
漰һȫµС飬Ŀǰȷ˭
ոձ¥ԥˡ
ҲԥֻǾЩȥ
Ϊ֪ͨŲҪץҪԸҶ档
ҶһΨһĿˣҲͻҲ˵ǳĽһԲ뿪Щⲻȥ
Ϣ֮󣬴ֻתҶھ¥ķ䡣
ף£˼һµҶ棬Щ⡣
ǡޡС֪뿪ҿյǴȥֱӻؼһȥطС֪ҿյܱߵķ飬Ӿ˵
ҶȻ⣬Ҳ״ʵͼתЦؼʱᣬҴȥСй䣬СУҾͲˣҿյһ֪㣡Ҷ滹ΪǴ⡣
ҧҧӣҪȥпһһҪСģ
ޣô˵
⡭ҿյԺԣһӽٵǿˣר˵̶ӻ֣뿪ҿյ֮а׷ֵġ
һ֣ڣһССģ˵
ллҼˣҶҲΪ⣬Ӧ£ǿˣҶ滹治ô¡
Ҷ治⣬伱ˣӣ⣬ЩǿˣʵǷǳǿģЩǱһЩ̻
£ҶЩ⡣
Ҷӣһ첽뿪
Ҷ涢Ŵ뿪ıӰЩŹ֣䷽ŵʾƺô򵥡
һʱ֮󣬳ѡ˼СеҶ棬ɫ֮ʣ뿪˾¥
߶ԣͺҹ·û̫
Ҷո뿪ûãͨڵԴƹյҶ뿪Ϣ
ǣϰɣסһҪҵĽ£Դƹ÷ƹԸֺһµǸн䣬˴ɣ
һ֮󣬾й´ҴǰرشƹǸ侹ȻڸֵܵƤӵˡ
ˣԴƹ͵վ𣬡Сǰͱ϶⣬ô£
ǹµһĲƹģµֵܴˡСӿջķᣬһҾ¥Դȣ˼λС㣬ֵǾͶĲֵ̫ǷӦСӾͲˣ
ߣеƣǣҿյǵƣ治ת
ȻʶʲôôҿյǾԲҴģطɲزסˣΨһĳ·ҿյ
Ҫҿյֻ·һǻǶԳ뿪
˵ţԴƹЦȥȥͷһʱڳ̴ЩȥѲʿжԳߣȻȥ׷ܲˣ


1448 츳ͨ
ããϣһӰڵͿмӣʱʱĲ
˲ǱˣǳӵĴ䡣
ҿյ˻ôִ̫̺꣬ͨŻҿյʮµʵӰˡ
ԭ̴֮뿪ѵѡ
ǣһͨͷкδ۵̴ҪԲ鴬Σһʱڳ۵Ļᱻ׷顣
ʱһͨŵ׷˵ѡ
ԣգѡ˶Կ룬ȻΣأȴࡣ
ãã󺣣ֻҪ뿪ҿյҪںһˣѶȷǳ󣬼ȱͨţҲ
ģʱ磬ͨŷ׷һ׷Ҳͷˡ
ǣȴ֪Ϊǰ룬ͨŵĴƹԳѾ
ҪǣֻصΪһͨ񾳵ߣ׷
ԭֻͨɳ˰˷Ķ׷һ׷߶ʮңΪΪܵͣǰ¾ͳ©Ĺ£ΪһܳͷԷŴ˵ӡ
ֳһӣĶӷֳʮ׷ɢ˷
ʮӣڴˣҲǹǺϣһ֧ܱ߷Χ嵽ʮ
ϧǣһֶ
ʵڱЩ׷ߣΪͨкߣٶȱ˽һ˵ôӣǡڴӶݵķ
´֪ͨ׷ˣһӾͱܽ֮У׼ȱܹ׷ټ롣
ո뺣ɲǣһˮѪûŵĻɢ
ˮΪ࣬½ڿУʰˣǣˮս½ɲֹ
ܵģһͬʱһеתԾ棬ϸ߿գˮһ£
Ȼ󣬴ɵˡ
ͨ񾳵ߣĶ
䣬үү¶ꣿһͨһƣûпԷĶѾðˣ˲Ϣ䱻ܡ
һʱ䣬ޱȣ
ܿģͨŵĻʹűܵĴתҪĴףȥ֮̿ʣѻˣѻ³ײ
ҿյն֮˻ôʱ䣬Կɲһļ㡣
ȻܣŬѰ
˫һּϸ΢ƵʲţѰ˷Բ֮ڣһпõء
ֻҪû͵ͨţлᡣ
ͻȻ䣬еĴһǧһƿͨ۲쵽ƿϸ΢仯ƿı仯ͻȻͷ֣ˣȻˣǰĵҹӡ
ʱ˿̣Ѿ˲ʲôˡ
ûпǹ˽ҶΪҲ޼¡
ǡþڸҶ棬Ѿ˷ֵΨһһݡ
£ڱܵ״̬޷κȵѶŵġ
ǣ츳ͨȴָһ˿ܵĻᡣ
˫˶Ķ͵ؼٲ£ҲĶͬʱǧ֮СèӵҶ棬ͻһ͵˷һ¡
ڷţڵķԼƺһġ
˿һΧҶҡҡͷѵ̫ˣ
ǣҶҡͷɲǣҶڵķֱһڡ
£ҶͲˣʱɢ˷ûκη֡
̶̼ʮϢʱڣҶġȻߴΣǣҶɢӦʱĳķƺЩ̫һ
ں棬ҶŸǰȥ
ԽǰʱҶйķ˼Խԡ
ʵҶ沢ϲµˣֻλܹ÷˼ˣԵҶȤ
ʱ֮ҶͿ˴ͨŵߣѾ˱˰ˡ
ܴ֮ǻ磬ֺܿľۼһ
ҹӣȾңǴ䣡ʮľ룬ôݵĸȷ
ҶЩ⣬ǰһֱĴйŹ֣û뵽侹Ȼı£Ȼܹǧ֮Ӱ
Ҷһ㣬ͼˣۿҿյԽԽҪû˾ɾҪ군ˡ
һ֮£ЩڲˣҹӣȾңˣҲ֪ԴƹҪ㣬֪ԴƹͼıȫС磡
һҲԸʧˣҶ棬ȫɵˡ
Լմ½ûãô֪Сˣ


1449 񵽱
ԴƹͼıȫС硯⼸۵һɲǣҶξǰʮ⡢Ŵǰͨ񾳵ߡ
伱ٵĲһ£ʱ;ϲķ֣Ҷˡ
ǰʧѾԶˣȻ˵ûʲôȻȥҪ
ţ
ȵͨŵͨ񾳻һ䣬͵ػͷķҶ漲׷ĴĶѾǵľʱǽ䱸
ʮľ룬Ҷת˲˲ϢͶһ˵ȥ·ϣվס
ҶһϺȣǰͨҲǾþ֮ˣδһͨһصеĽǰͨкڵվס
ʲôˣǿͨŵģʶģϽÿҶɢķͬһϢͷ߼ɵѣһʱ䲢ûж֣ȡ
ʱ򣬾ϲѵĴٴɵˣ֮ǰһȣǸʲôģֻҪǸĵݣ͸
ڣͻȻ䷢֣ĵݣƺð
ǰߣǰͨкڵĴڣеĵҹӣΪֻͨһأ˵ǰλͨŵߣֻҪʾ¾ͻۼߡ
ң˵ǸߣǰλͨкڵߣܹѹҶ棡
ǡ˶ˣԳûУҶĳͨʵͬһɲǣҶѾɢ˷
Ȼ˵ԳѾʼͼıȫС磬ϢôģôҶԵһʱҪʰԳ㡣
ԳҲڸĻҶһӱ˵սһãԳ㣬ݾ֮ǿɾѰˡ
ʲôˣʶԴƹ񣿡
ͨ߻̽ҶĵףУһ޵겨ѾѸɢ˷Ҷǿɫ֧£ԲʮΣҶ˲Ϣָơ
ԲʮڣûԳ㣡
ȻԲʮ֮ڣԳ㲻ڣǾʹҶԶˡ
һɲǣҶһһѹϢشҶ𣬺鱦޶شҶԺɳɳɲǣɫа׾ͺ˵ȵͨߡ
¡¡
׹һţǰҶͨߣƾʧ
Ӧ˵˲Ϣͱǵа˺ɫĻҽ
ɫĻҽлƮʱͨŷӦһޱȵ˷Ӵܹȥ
һǾͽһΪǲͨߺɻҽĴڣԲܹԿģ
¡¡
׹ʱҶ滳ѾܳӰҶ޾𣬡ȥһߣ
׹ÿһ׹𣬾һ곹׵ĻޣСèֶȻҶ棬ȴˡ
·һɫһ㣬Сè͵ײȥĹͷһƬ
Сèÿһײһͨ߱ײࡣ
ʱСè̵ʮˣڵѪҲϢķһЩ仯ϵĺɫ·ӵԣٶҲӵĿ죬ƿʱķҲԽԽС
СèͷҪбĶˣſԴĸɫ⻪һ䣬ͨкڵǿߣھͷǰľ͸ӵ߲ࡣ
һԴסһ˵ӣһԴͬʱϣ˲Ϣͽ⼸ֹϷֵĸɸɾ
Ҷһ⽫ŴͨߺɱʱаӰһСèѾӵԶͨɱˡ
Ҷ滳սѪɳ͵һɣҶĻС
ո̵ͨкߵľͷ棬ϵϢٴһ쭣ڿ쭵ڡ
ҶһĲࡣ
ֵ̫Ŀֲ
ͷ½ʱ½ȱΪһֱǱҶշ֮ҶżݻڻתĴ½ǰҲΪء
ǣִĴ½һ£ͷΪʹؿ쭵ڣ̵ͨߣΪȻٴο쭡
ҶǰҲûһﾹȻ˶Ϊ
ҶͷһЩ
һΣ̬ˣһܷŹҪȻҶҲڽСèͷȫŹȥ
Ҷ潻ҶɱԽôʱСèѾƨƨ۵ĹȥʰЩߴָ
ˣǱҶֶθŵˣ˾Ȼûȫ߶ܵĻ֮£ǷӲġ
䣬Ҷնв˵Ľߵİͨк߸¾һգΣֱӽɵˣûӦ
ͨкڵߣΪߵѾﵽͨ񾳰غˣڵĴڣҲûɣ
ǰΪֻͨһصĵҹӣȴˣҿȥģ
һΣģһõԴƺ̫ˡ
䣬ͷСèսҶһӣ֮УеϢһɢʱףκˮٿҶ档
ϰԵģҶ潫İ˴ϣֻҪһ仰ԣҪѻꡣ
ҶţʵȫµСһ£̫Ҫˡ
ֻҪй¶ȥһ˿㣬֪»жǿ׷ɱҶ棿
Ҷƣʱƨɺ׷ɱĵڣ¶һѰɣ
˵ô֪ǸԴƹҪңУε֪ǸԴƹͼıС磿
Ҷ֪ôʣܻǰСȷһС磬ǣȴֲܲʣңԽԽڣֻˡ
䱻Ҷǰ壬ʱĸ˿ĳɣʱͽ֪ģ͵µģͲһҶ˵˸ɸɾ
꣬ҶȴǴסˡ
йԳۣȫǴ͵ģȻûʲôԵĽչ
Ҷ𾪵ģȴǴСӵ츳ͨ
˵Щ硢һĶ˵ֻҪ츳ͨķΧ֮ڣеҶ𾪵
ԣصĵ˵ͷûֻҪĶҵΧ֮ڣҶõʩ˼Ǿ磬һܹӰΧڵ仯
ʱҶʵ
û
£ҶһоȻˡ
ֲûĴӸյСӾܴȥԭǵĲɹ嵥ݣֲôǰǰʾԭԳ˵ı㡣
Χж󣿡Ҷʵ
عӣС츳ͨΧڲĵ£ԴﵽԲ֮⣬ˣ
Բ
£Ҷ泹׵Ĳˣˣ
ͬʱԪ鰢Ҷ鸮Ҷү˵񵽱ˣ


1450 ̫Ѫ
񵽱ʲô˼ǣҶͬԪ鰢
ԪȴʣҵҶүľͷô
ǳսȺͬΪڽ޵УΪ߰صĴڣҲѹҶ˵
̫ʱͷֻǺ̫ͨ޶ѣĺͨ˾оɱŹܺá
Ⱦͷǿ̫ޣǳĶ࣬ģ̫ʱ࣬λģԪ鰢ʵ
Ҷüͷһ壬㵽Ҫ˵ʲôлֱ˵
̫峣ޱȶӵĻս춷أһһǿ߷ȥѪнһЩı仯ЩˣͿƷ꣬Ϳɿ
һЩѪǿĴڣոճ꣬ƾѪͿԷת£һʱѪǿ󣬵壬ҲɾĻԻͣΪİ
ùҲǸʱǸϻ쵰ʰģǿޱȵѪǳ֮Ϊ̫Ѫ
ν츳Ѫ֮ǰνȵȣʵ̫Ѫ֮֮ĺ˵
˼̫ѪҶʵ
ԣȴҡҡͷǰСǲǾ˻߼̳һ̫ѪĿǰ˭Ҳ֪
ǣ£ǲӵַΧ˿ֲ츳ͨģҲ⣬һͨݸϵͨطһ㡣
ֻ˵ӵ̫Ѫ壡
ӵ̫Ѫ壬ôպǱ޿
޿
ĸ֣ҶʶĿһ۴䣬ŵͲһй֮УҲ˵͡ڻ䣬ȻֻһϤ˲Ż
ԭҶ뷨͡Ȼ츳ͨԳйҶһȫµСƶϡ
͡ϲϿԴƹƶϣô͡䣬ǲˡ

ҶѾ㣬һѯϽѻ꣬Ȼ䳹׵Ļɢ
й½һ£ֻҪй¶һ˿㣬Ǿ
ǣԪ鰢ô˵ҶЩˡ
޿ĸ֣ɲ˵ġ
Ҷ棬ڰͽҶպһЩĵرĸҲǽȥҶ޷ĸֵۡ
͡ȴԡ
޿ĸ۴Ҳܼ򵥣͡Ҫӵ̫Ѫ壬ôȥ
Ҫ·زˣδͻƵ̤컯Ƕ˳ûκƿ顣
֮ϵ컯;Ҷ治ǿͻƵѶȣˡ
ѪӵԴǧˣΪڽ۷壬ṳ̂һ
˳µͻƵ˵͡Ǳжǿ
Ǿɱˣķǳϧ
˵Ǳͽƾ͡Ŀǰ츳ͨܣҶ涼᲻á
Բ֮ڵ˶ٲ磬ҲԾ
ֱһԤ״߰οΪҲȵ
Եġҹӡɫͣ仯͡ҲʶҶᵽʲôˡ
ҿյô꣬ʶǳ鼱֮˵Ļ׻ʲôĿܡ
ǰҹǸСǲģǶɱڣ
ԭܼ򵥣Ҫģͱضɱڡ
ҪģҪɱˣǴȥһԷҪ
һʱ䣬͡飬ҲĲ
֮ҶĿ⣬ͻؿ͡͡Ȼ˵Ҿ㣬Ǵˡ
һʱʹͣҶĿֱ䲻һѵλҹһȫµС磬ǰ;
ԴˣҶЩΡ
ʱ˵컨׹ֻҪһͣ͡ͻ᱾ܵĻһС磬ҲҶ֮ǰΪʲôҪɱԭ
ڣȴҲֻˡ
һɲǣ͡ĹҶǰСİݼӣСİݼϣȥͬʱ͡ķſԸ꣬ʩ
״Ҷ˵ͷ͡СӣҲǸˣҲֵҶһ
£Ҷ͡ʩչǣ׵Ŀ꣬͡СܹߵһϵѪǲ̫ѪǾֻպ֪ˡ
Ȼ͡Сû̫ѪĿǰ츳ͨǼֵҲ޿ɹˡ
˴͡ôƶϳȫµСԳԴƹҶͱʰˡ
ңܼ򵥵һɱ¡
䣬˵ԴƹǸƹҲ̸£Ҷʵ
û¾Ƕ˽̸ʱ͵ģңԴƹƺ֪йС飬Ǹ÷ƹе¡͡˵
ԣҶüͷһ֡
ĵ飬һ£һ˵Ķǵڶ֪ˣôĸܿͻ֡
ҲԳ㲻ٽˣҲԳ㻹һ׼ᶯ֣Գ÷ƹ񣬻᲻ٽй¶ȥ
й¶ֱŻ
һʱ䣬Ҷͷʹޱȣ
Ϣ֮ҶŴ͡գһͬСèϣ䣬ҼˣͨŵҷλǶҪܿҶ潻
֮ҶķҿյɵԳ㡢ƹˣԴͷ
ǣڸɵЩ֮ǰҶܴݾߡ
ǳ׷ȫˣ϶ǸԳľ
ӣǸԴƹָʹ÷ƹ׷ɱˣҲĸţǰǧ⣬ǸɵǣǱܿҶǰһսôҶʵޱȵš
׷ҵƹˣҶЩɻ
ǰ̫ˣ˵ûԤϵٶô죬ȻˣʱͷӬһأЦ
ˣǾͱܿɣֵ˹ؼʱ̣Ҷ沢¶ˣСèͣĵŷ򣬷ɿҿյӽ


1451 
ҿյ̺ͨڣոյϢĴƹԳüͷһΣһĿԵˮ
Ƿ
ѾץˣȻƾʧˣ˸ƾʧһϢûУǸʲôԵģ
飬һλĹӣȥ飬鲻ͲûˣŭԴƹ֮ǰ׽ô˸Ѫͷ
һߵƹȴЩ
ĽԴƹΪλô̫ˡ
ҪߵˣͨŵĹ£ֻ˳֮ꡣ
һ˵ȸϳȥԳ㲼¼Ľ֮ǿŭƹȵô£
һߣ׷һΪֻͨһصļһȻܸˣϷΪ죡Գ
򡭡
ƹһĿЦЩ£ĸȻŪǣô죬ʵСӵٶ̫ˣٶȾȻ߻Ҫϲ٣һתۣûӰˡ
ھⲽ˺ܾãԳ˵У£Ͳˣֻһ˿ϣҲҪԣ
ֳ֣ɼСŵķ׷ϣסһҪκһ֧鷢ǸСӣһܵʵſԣԳ˵
⣬Ʋ⣬СҪΪС̽·ģ뿪ҿյ֮󣬻ǰ̽·һܼез֣ʱ֪ͨ㣡
һΣлᣬٲܳκδ󣡡Գ
İɣƹصĵ˵ͷ
ƹ뿪ʱҶŴĵǱҿյʱ
һ·ϣҶǼʶ˴츳ͨĿֲܹ֮ܿǰһΣգҷΧԶֱ̫ˡ
ҲҶ潫ߵԭ
ƾŴ츳ͨҶ֪ܿԴƹλˣ̺ͨڡ
˴һҶʩչϢĶ̺ͨţһ֮Ҷ͵Գķ·
ɢϸĹ۲һ̺ͨڵȴҶЩ֡
Ϊ̺ͨŹģĴ¹غĲƸȫ࣬Ҳǳĸߡ
̺ͨڣҶѾʮλɢŽϢĿֲڣߣϰ١
ԴƹΪͨڲ̫ߣֻسڵΪܲһɱҶҲû̫İա
Ҫǣķ̫ǿˣʵۺ̻԰ȫΪأͨڲҶݶ룬ΪѾ
˵ģҶݳصնɱԳ㣬Ҫ¶ص뿪ͨţôҶҪһϢʱ¶صס
ǣһϢʱ䣬㹻Щǿ߳Ҷնˡ
ͨŵĵص״˰ʱ֮ҶЩεĻתˡ
ͨڣûκγɹĿܣҶ
ʱҶǼȵĻССڣƾҶдָЫϢĸɵԳ㣬ʲô⡣
Ȼ˵СˣҶҲľͨҶľͨ߶һֲ˵УҲû⣬ִдɱ͵ϮҪõֲʱҶľͨͲˡ
úüǸԳ㣬лᣬ֪ͨңϺҶ潻
£Ŀǰ֪֪ˣ䡢Գ㻹ƹ񣬴ѾҶƣҶԴо֮Ӧòּ֮¡
ıԴƹƹ˵ˡ
ҪǣҶĿǰҲ֪Գƹûнٸˡ
ȻֿԷǳСҶðǸա
յҶɵ˵ͬʱѻ꣬ȷûнй¶ȥҶܷġ
ԭҶʱȥɵԳ÷ƹ񣬵ǣԳı㣬ҶģǲҪݾߵĺá
ӣͨѾˣǸԴƹ뿪ͨˣͻ˵
뿪ͨţҪȥģҶæʵ
·ϴɱԳ㣬飬򲻵ѲҿյЩɲ˵ġ
뿪ʱҪȥҹ
˭ģҶ׷ʵ
͡Ŀһӱ𼱣һ˵
˵ţ͡ǶԶ䣬һָٵƵʼҶ͡Ķڲڼٲš
ӣҿյƺģѾһʮҡųʮҡҡ
ͻȻ䣬͡һϲвңŮӣ˵үҪ
˵͡Ķ͵˾Ǵˮ̳ȥһ㣬졣
ӣȷɣǼңԳĿǰٶȣ໹оʮϢʱ䡭
Ĳǽ
һҶξƾʧԭء
͡ЩֱȥϢ֮͡۾ʱ͵ֱˣ


1452 Գİ
ʱ֣ͨŴƹԳ㱳˫֣ڴϣһ·ϣС̺ŵƹ񡢻ơѲߵ׷ͣʺá
ѾϰֳԳ㣬Ӧÿһ˵ʺ
˵ʵѾϰˣÿ죬Գ㶼ҪһȦѾϰˡ
˹̬㲻ҲҪЦݵʺ򣬶ޱȡ
ļѾϲֳ棬ҲֻʱĲŻ͵¡
ҪԶ𾴣
ȻĿǰһʮ춼˷𾴣ÿôʱ䣬ͨŵļλң̺ŵĶҵʱһǫЦݡ
룬гһգһʮ춼𾴣ÿô컹װӡ
ڣƶϳҶ汳С磬ȴǰĿܡ
һ·ʺУޱȵţԴƹͷѵ˼¡
ķһĻĻԺһһ
Ӧûʲô©ǸյҵıֳٶȣҶǸյҵĻСʵӦǵ͹ˡ
ôˣÿַʡϰߣԴƹ©ҲܹͨŴƹҪԭ
Ľֵ̤СԳ㶸ؼӿ˲
һ֮ߵŮ˾ͻ
Ȼƣҿյңĸ֮࣬ϲģ
ﺣڣŮӭ򣬡ҷأԳʵ
ү˸ոԡϣլүأһλŮЦ
һŮһڣԳլȥͷȻȵģС첻֪׼ʲô
̤լŵʱԳ㳯еĳһƣȻӳһ˲Ϣһסլ
ΪͨŵĴƹ񣬶ȻʮֹעİȫҲ걣
ȻݣýĹǲܵģڵĻֻҪ뿪ͨţͻ޴ڵı
Ҳԭ
ЩһڱʱʱʱĻ۲һ״һ뷿˽»ᱻǿԴƹֲˬ
ԣת˽լʱ򣬶籣˽ڵĻҲѾϰˣֻҪû£ʹƹİȫ
Ų̤϶¥Դƹ˳ӣѾᵽ֬۵ζͷ˵ζ
ֽӸŮֵᱡɴµʹ˽Ļ
ǺǡЦţԴƹЩＱĽȥûСִǻЩ಻סˡ
ϣ˳ޱȵСȴͷһŤܿȡ
Դƹͻؾ;һۣǾ䣬㡭㲻˭
Ҳͬʱסͬʱһʹ۾ŭֵɲǣȻ¶˻ɢ顣
Ȼ߶һ˿һ
㡭㡭
Գ·һ㣬ǰĹ⾰ͬλһı仯
ǰ˵ƾɢﻹŮͻȻͱҶģ
ֻҶ̵ģ
ҶǰɿǱȻլڼ̵ʱԪ鰢Щ񣬸ûǸ
ǻɱԳĵˡ
ϾҲҶһʶһ˱סףҶû³¶
ҡ㡭ô
˵ţԳʹҡҡԴһεĸо
ϧΣȴѣ
νҲԴƹȻ׷ɱңǵĳǲؾһǲΪһҶٴβһ硣
һ޷͸͡츳ͨûзİ취
Ҷʹ͡Ԫ鰢츳ֻͨΪļַ
粻ֻ꽻ֻӿȫס̸ĵط̸ֻǸ硣
Գһ磡
⼸죬Ҷڶֻӵд츳ͨĴڣӦûɣ
ɺϵҿյ
׷ɱ
ҹ˰ɣ
Ϸ⣬أôĵأϼ޻Գ㣬æԸֱ
ҶһһжԳĹؽڣȻԳ£Դƹƹ˵ƶϳһȫµС磡
Һܺ棬εóжϵģ
ԭҶʱӦٶȸɵԳ㣬Ȼʱ䣬Ҷ˽һԭί֪Ը¶
ԣԳһһ־ϲĪĿ⿴Ҷ棬һȫµС磿
ԸжϣҲûʮ˵ɣ㵱ƶϣмɵİգ
Ҷ治ϵģѾԳʶҶһȫµС磬ͬʱϼ޻Ҷʲôġ
ô֪Ҫģִ֮ӵʱ䶼ûаɣ׼ģԳ׷ʵ
Ҷ滺ҡҡͷЩ𣿻Ȼشҵɣ
ԳȻڵأûĿǰ״Ļ⣬ȷʵûκ塣
ɰɣһ˵ֱѯÿ¹ʱļ۸Ƕ٣Ҿƶϡ
ֻи𼸸СУҲޣôûʲô仯ϣ㱨һµĹͱһҪࡣ
Ҫһ㣬Ҫݵķõ˸ĽҪһȫµС硣
ȻҾĺߵĿֻɣɵĻᣬѾ㹻ðˣ
ԣҶ˵ͷ֪ˣȻҲ㾭ḻϵżĹϵ
ôһ⣬£һ˼ˣҶʵ
Գüëһƺյڣô֮󣬾Ҫɱ𣿡
ʵҿ԰㾭ӪС磬ҿҵ꣬ͨĹģҵǷֲġ
ΪһɫˣԳļֵڣдĳݣȴЩݵĿͻϡ
ֻҪҷʩΪѡСУҾܹһģҿյĳС
仰ҶĿһҶĿһǾģԳ˵֮ǰķһ
Գϵ˿˵·˵Ҷľȷġ
ǣҶԳԳԳԸ£飬ҶǾԲġ
֪ԳҰļʲôʱͻҶ档
Ͼֻǿǵܿǵ˼롣
ҶɲŴ
ҶȻԳ˵ôԳѾҶʵķˣʳѾûʲôˡ
ôֻһѡˣ
ҶĿһƾֱӴԳǣӿ

ҶƸ֪ҶҪʲôԳļе죬Ҳ޷ֹҶ濪ʼѻꡣ
ҲҶƴԳϵɲǣԳݺݵĽΨһûбжؽڵĵطͣݺݵҧһ
ԳڣһŴϢѣ


1453 ҿյ
ҹɫµҿյ͸룬͸ݺҿյǧ׵һУһߡ
Ŀ̣ҿյˡơֻҪϣҪҸӣͿǵȤʲôˣ
ǸˣİøĽԳԴƹһԴƹֻС檵רһȴϲҹҹҹϲһĵ
ĽԳԴƹͷҧеһŴʱƹŮİΧ£ӵұ
Ц졢֮ʱͻȻ䣬ؿڵһö׹⻪ôĿޱȵʱһƬһŮѩ׵ļըѪ졣
Һ;ʱؿڱö׹ӣ˲Ϣ±ˡ
һرñѩҪףָ
ΪԳ㽻飬һҲᷢû뵽Ȼô죡
үôˣ׹ôͻرˣúúõĲһŮ𾪹ȥؿڵѪ

һ߿Ůٶȴ·һ뿪ߣ뿪ɲǣһһѶͣĴзɳ
ҲͬһɲǣںϿյбͻȻ䣬ͷһö׹׵ըķѡ
΢ıʱĻͬʱ۾
ã
һɲǣĻػĵ磬·լԺ
Ҷ棬ҲûϵԳԴƹصĺ֣Ҷ̽Գ鸮֮ѻɲǡ
ĵޱȵƿи¡

һ죬Դƹߵǵʹ顣
ƿɲǣҶ֪б䡣
ת䣬Ҷֹͣѻ꣬ΪצһģԳԴһֻʵʵֱ̽ԳץС
ܲģ
ܲģ걻ܣԳҲĴЦ
ͬʱĵ߳ͬʱſƹģ
ڵͬʱҶɢŴĿ⻪ĻͬʱһһıѾɿޱȵĲҶ档
һԶԶĸڱƿݶϣе״һΣһںڵ׹Ҷ
״ԴƹϵЦӵķ
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¡¡
ֳ״ߺ׹ϢӿֲٶȸаףشҶԺɳһɲǼ߶޹Ҷߡ
ͬһɲǣһͷѪɫӰشҶ汳͸ǧ׵ĵ˲Ϣƿգ
Ҷа׺ĵɳȥߣڲҺʱͻȻ¶˻ɢ֮ɫ
󣬲֪ʱһžŸԴĴһԴһΣŸѪھ͵ſһԴһ̽ľ׽쳹
һڵǿߣʧ˾ͷԴС
ͷϢҶӦУֿʼɿ쭳
ǧ׵ѪɫɫòȻǰѪɫӰΪϢߴ۷壬ϵļкȻȫ
ȫ׵Ʒ
ʹõģƷѣ
ƷƷ𣬾ľͷ֮
ϧǣΪ˾Գλƹ񣬷ų̫ˣûһսԻתأѪɫɲǣӭȥһ㣬ֱӱѪɫһ룡
սѪ͵һ˵ͱսѪɡ
飡
СèϢĳ˸ֳ״ޱ𾪵һצ͵ĳ
ǿŻ׻ǱһצľĵĿѪֱӴˤ
Ҷ۾ǣСèһצķǡǾͷڵķ
Сèצӵʱ򣬾ͷѾŴѪڵȺ
Դһ̽һţľ׽ٴ쳹
ҶеԳ㣬һĻĿɿڴ
ڵߣһɲӵǽǿԣҲСһ㡣
û뵽Ҷվԭغһ˾ͱ׽ˡ
Գ֪ǰλʵһ붼ûӳҲΣһ֮ڽģ
û˵ô࣬ߣȷʵǱҶһ֮ڸģ
յҵģʲôˣʲô·ԳеѾ޷ݡ
𾪹ȴʧ
ԭǿⱦļϣûϵܹһǿߵסһʱ̵ͱҶնв˵ĸɵˣ
ͨŵĴƹ֪¹ͨŵҵܣɱˣѻˣͨŶҪԪˡ
ԣͨűĶңǿıΪɱ֮ģöޱȵļؼʱֻ̣Ҫҧ飬ͿԷ֪ͨѶš
ϧǣҶ̫ǿˡ
Գ㲢ûо
ģлᣡ
Ļᣡ
Ϊҿյǽصĵط
˵ҶһͨһصĴڣǽ۷ĴڣҲҿյ
յҵģӲģ
ҿյϳһ֮ˣĶôҿյĹǣɲϹӣ
ϷңΪȡһʱ䣬лĻᣡ
ԳɲǣҿյУѾŭޱȵĺĻʣҿյ£ˣ
ŭУʮѸ׵Ķݹ·سٶޱȣ
ҶʮޱȵĶݹ⣬ʹʮλΪǿսߵĽڡ
ֻʣԳעһǿһ㣬һ˶ȣڷңлᡭ
ҶȴǸһ˿Цƿٵ
ħ˧սѪѪһҶʧ
СèͷͬʱĳҶ滳ʮԽԽͬʱҶһţ˾ϢĶصס
Գֻǰһڣ֮ɫطգǣʱѾûлˡ
ʮĹһʹ˷ϵ·ء
ħϢ
óϵط
սǿ
ûκζݷĺۼˣȴƾʧˡ
ʱʮĹû̫ķ֡
ͻȻ䣬һĹָҿյ쿴
ʱҿյĶѾһƬһˣ棬պҿյİ죡
Ǻηӣҿյ£
ţҷҿյֻ׼׼ŭӺʮһۣһĨɫ
Ȼٳҿյ궼δе顣


1454 ֮ϲ
ңҪߣ
Ҷ͵شӵصĴ͡һҶǰؾ˺ڰ
ҶںնɱͨŵĻǴ£֪ΪΣҿյĶ̻Ȼ̬ʱͲһˡ
Ҷصûãҿյͳжҿյʱ򣬿ʼȫ
͡ٴ۾ʱѾҿյװµһܶڡ
һ·ϣ˹ҿյı仯ѾȻģҲ֪ҶôΪʲô
ܵĹؼʱ̻ܴһѣ͡ģҶ滹ǲġ
ԸоĳҶ淽ı£棡
Щ͡Ȥģ͡ȤģҶǰ뿪ʱõ
Ҷ뿪ʱҲ˰Ӷһ㣬ҩֻ͡˰ɶ
ǽɵҩ͡еԵı仯
оʩչ츳ͨӵ˲˵ԭѶ츳ͨΧƺҲ˲١
Ҫǣ̶̵İӣ˷ķڶڣƺֱò̫һˡ
ӣոҷõĹʲôӣҸоЧ棬ֻ˰ɵҩҵ츳ͨƺˣ͡һĺ档
˵͡Щ⣬û뵽ڴ츳ͨȻԡ
֮͡ӵ̫ѪĿԣˡ
ΪͨҲãýڴơطٶȡ
һֱ츳ͨ飬ֻħϡ
Ϊħã䱾ѪѪˣȻҲˡ
£ֻһ츳ͨǿĴ䣬ϵãʵҲѪ
ͨ壬Ҷڣǲܳġ

ҶЦЦˣ£ֻҪңúõΪҰ£Բ㣡
䡭֮ܶУԳԴƹ񿴵͡һ𾪣˲Ϣ䣬뵽顣
ҹӣ֪ʲôʣϷض֪޲ԣ޲ֻҹܸϷһ·ʣԳæ˵
ˣԱ˾ӳѾκϣˣֻ뷨Ծȡ
ν̰Ѿ˲ãֻҪлᣬȥ
ϧǣԳϺ̹׵ģȴ̫ˡ
ʱҶθϼ޻Գ㻰ֶŰ
˵ģҶԳ㣬߹˭
ԳҪǺҳҶŻǲţ
ţģĲ䲻
ˣԳ㳶Ĵڣ͹ҶܵģðնΪҪԸ߶ġ
ʱƭҶԳ㣬˶Ц
ʣ֪ϼ޻Ҷĸ
ԣоҶ棬ɴҡҡͷԴƹ㲻̫𣿡
ɫɳҶֱޱȵĳԳ֮С
һɲǣԳޱȵĲҽֻǲҽУȴһ˿ϣ
ЩϣԴ֮ǰĲã
ͨűλ󶫼ңΪͨŵ棬ŪౣֶΣǸһּ亱ĵرƵǿſԱѶļľѶԳȴŪһ
һ͹÷Ĳϡ
ԭһöѶǹؼʱ̣׼ӦһģҲˡ
ֻҪ÷ȵİжôѪͿԱȫ
Ҷϵѻַ֮£ԳӰ˶Ťˣɫ⣬ʼҶָɢ
˫ۣҶ磬ÿһԳеϢһΣҶѵޱȵСģѻ꣬һӵʱܹ
һΣҶȴ˰ʱʱ䣬ѻ
ѻɲǣԳΪܲסҶϸѻ׵Ļɢ
֮󣬻˫۵Ҷ棬ɫȴôÿ
ҶĹƣһþȫѻ꣬ԳлõϢӦܹﵽ߳ɡ
⻹ҶսѪԳ㲹һܹŵĸõԵʡ
Ҳ˵Ҷ涪ʧԳɵļ䡣
ɵǣݴ͡˵£Գ÷֪ģǣʧԳ䣬ǡûйؽ¸ļ䡣
Ҷ治֪Գһּʩչá
Ȼûѳйļ䣬ôϢٸˣҶҲпܴʧˡ
Ȼʧˣûκΰ취ˡ
ҶĿǰֻȫնɱµһ֪ߣˡ
䣬һУһҿյǸʲôҶԸ
Ը꣬Ҷ˵Գõļ䡣
˵ʵԳѻ꣬Ҷ澪ϲ֮ϲġ
ԳУŴйҵļ䣬ҶԭΪԳйͨŵҵܣܻӳû뵽ȴ׾ٵĻˡ
ӦЩҵӦ÷ǳƵйϵ
ԳеҵܣмֵǣͨŵλĿͻϡ
λͻϲáʵ࣬ɽͼۣɽɽƵʣȫС
ͻ֮УôλͻǳͨŶݵĴͻ
ٷϵļֵ̫ˡ
ֱ޿ɹ
ҶԼԼλԳŴĿͻҶ̵ʱ佨һӴ
ݿͻϣҶ潨ԸѶȣѾȵĽͣҶ濼ǵģӦʵ
֮⣬ҶҲ֪ͨŵ¢ԾӪַ
ĳͻҪͨŲɹһݣôǲͨڲɹݼֵʮϵʣǲܻõĳݵġ
¢о֮£ͨŵĿͻҳ϶ȿ֪
ҶԽԸˡ
ӣѾĲˣ͡ͻؿڡ
˵
ҿյͻͨڵϵϰ̻𱻷٣иʧ
ʧģͨţͨڲ˷һ飬浵򶼱ըˡ
ѾͨڲңƹԳ֮ڲҳһš
ʷ浵򣿡ҶüͷҲ̫˰ɣ
ոɵͨŵĴƹԳ㣬˷Żͨŵʷɣ˽£
أԳ÷أģҶʵ
լĽ㣬ҲԳһ𣬲լеȴЩŹ֣͡˵
ôŹ˵Ҷʵ
լУƼ
סլУʱλߣλǿߣңȥģԣһλǿʮλӰĸ󣡡˵
ԣҶɫһ䣬ôѵ֪ˣ


1455 ȻĿ
ӣǸƹƺڼĴ̽йͨŵϢһɳʮˣһģܵͨڲʿصܶڣر
̽ͨڲϢһΪƺЩŹְ˼һ£Ҷֽţ
ǣӣ
ͨŴƹԳ㱻ɱҿյѾȥһʱˣҿյλŭڽҿյս֮󣬾Ѹٴˡ
ҿյ̼һĽ֮󣬼ֱ޷ݡ
˵ǹرһ죬ǹرһʱʧҿյ̻޷̣ЩҿյĴС̻ĸûֱ
˵һرҿյҿյʧҲ
һÿͷֱӾͣˡ
ѹҿյߣҲܲס
ҿյͨŴƹԳ㱻ɱһ£ҿյĻͨŵĹݲݵҿյ˰ֻ֮ݸһ䡣
ʵνĴҲڶԿԱŲ飬ҿյô̻ôҵܣѲ飿
Ȼҿյ¿ˣ׷鲻ֹͣҿյգȴ֮ǰӵĽˡ
ҿյʮλֵĽλĻͨŵĽͻҿյ˷䡣
ÿһҿյ˻Ǵӣ뵺֮ǰҪϰٵǿɨһɵ㣬ҿյĹȥѲ顣
ˣһߣŴ֮ͨܲҿյĴСѲ飬Աʱǰʡ
ҿյձýޱȵͬʱҲҶֻܶڵصܶھ̬ı仯
Ҷұ֤ǳҿյĽϣһ׼ᱻʣᷢʲôֻ֪ˡ
潻͡ţҶȴڿһ޷⡣
ͨŵĴƹԳͨҶдĳݣҶ汳һȫµСƶϡ
ϣԳĿⶾϵˣ˵ǳ࣬ҲԲ١
Գ̶ֳȵĴƹҿյ˵Ҳнˡ
ҶҪ뽫½Ĵ½֮ĻƽͨɣôݡʯЩĴ½ȱҩͱȻ
ʱò˶ã̺дݵϢضᴫϢ䵽˵ĶڣԳ۹⡢еУ϶²⡣
ʱҲǸԳƵƶϡ
˶ԳһһƵĿܾ̣˿ܻʵǣҸĺ顣
£Ҷ汳ܻһȫµСϢ޷ˣܻɢ
ڣҶ԰ɱԳƷգôԺٳأ
Ҷɱ٣
Ƿ֮ҵĺ飬ҶͽκΣ
ңҶ沢ܺ˵ƶϵˡ
ʱ򣬲Ҷ淢¶ԷѾʱ򣬴鷳ˡ
һ̰޷ģһ϶Ҷ汳һȫµС磬ͽҶոսɻԵĴ
ҪǣһϢɢȥҶ潫Ϊǿеģ˶ö֮
ǰ˼֮£ҶͻȻ侪ޱȵķ֣Ȼ
ֻҪôȻһЩԶϴḻҶ汳һȫСƶϡ
Ҷ϶ͷ֤ǿܵƶϣҶֻҪһѪҲˡ
һãҶ汳һȫСĴԾͻһɢ
Ҷ̫죬ֿԣǳĴ
ôģ
ôġ
½ϾйȷѪĽԣΪ֮Ѫƴᣬ󣬷ֽ˵飬У
ʮ֮Уġ
ңЩߣһγ˿һ˽ԣǻɱȥ֤
Ե̰
ֱȻ£ҶĻƽͨƻᱻٵպֻҪִĳݣ˵Ļɡ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷ淢֣ɵ֪ѾĿǰҪ飬ĿǰҪ飬θıȻԡ
ǲܸıȻԣպ󣬱Ȼ㡢Ҷɱꣿ
һ죬Ҷ涼ܶڿ˼Ľǲûʲôõİ취
ӣ֪ƹΪʲôôˣͻȻ䣬͡˷ܵ
ޣ˵ҶЩƣüġ
ӣЩһֱڼɳȥʲôҷ֣ȥˣֻһĿģͨڲı仯ͨŵĶҶʲᱻٺķӦ
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ӣڽ죬λĹǰӦƹһλҵĳ̸ʱһЩݡ
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УԣҿյǰѴŵġ
£ҶȤô佫õϢȫҶ潲һ飬ٸҶԳϢһϼƣ磬Ҷˡ
Ӧ˵Żֻһᡣ
ԳͨŵĴƹÿֵĲƸȻΪͨŵĴƹǺܷģˣ̰ģˣοմȨͨŵĴƹ
Ϊ˸Լıȡ棬ǣԴƹָʹ÷˶ʢ̺ţȻеȨʢһ档
ǴӶʢвɹģԼвɹģ۸ȻԸһ㡣
Ļ쳤վûǽһޱȾ˵֡
ôԴƹ÷ϣͨŵ˾˵ĲƸ
ԴƹܹΪͨŵĴƹȻ˼ܵˣһǵΪͨŵĶǷ֣˰š
һöը˵·ˣ֮ǰİŻʲ֤ݣȻ󾡿뿪ҿյ
ˣǾʹ޶뿪
ǣöеǿü亱ĲƵļƵġ
Ҳûϵһ쾹Ȼ˴ɱҲû룬Ϊ˱ҧǿ˾Ѷ
û뵽յѶ÷ȴˣΪ·ϾʵִԳļƻŻ
ҿյ
ԭӦ̵ʱ뿪ҿյǵ£ҿյըˣҲֻȺ뿪
Գ㣬Ǹ˲Ű꣬Ҷֻ̾ƾҳۺĳ£ƶϳ
˵Ҷͻشס˴͡䣬죬콫Գ̸ƶұһȫµСĻٸһ顣
סһֶ£
ã
룬ͽݸҶ渴˵һ룬Ҷ˷ܵһĴȵˣ
ҶѾ뵽˽ǸȻĿԵˡ


1456 Ȼ
ҿյ⣬һ֧ΪŵĴӣҿյķУ̬Ͻͣˮֲt˷
ͻȻ䣬ΦϵĲt־֪ͨƹģǰд򶷵ĶҶСƹȥǱܵԶԶģ
ܿģһӴӴ֮߳󻹸ĹΦ˶˫Ŀ
ƹģǰħ򶷵ϢʵǿûǱԶһ㣡һĹ۲켸Ϣ֮æ˵
ƹǲüħ壿
ʵǿħ壿ôȻҿյϳħ֣ҿյĶߡ
˼˼Ϣ֮߾ʹԶһ㣬ͷλȥ۲۲ûʲôջ񣡡
ǣ
ѪĵڴϿҫһӰȴ֮Ķǻħһһ
ǣǻħĵ⣬ȴԽԽһȥǱһôһɲǵĶ
ҿյܱ֮⣬Ҳвٴӡ̶ӻ·⾪˵ĶʱΧߡ
Χߣҿ̫ǻϾǰǿĻħ
ҿ̫ټǰˮ죬ѹΣһֺޱȣһֻܹ˫Ŷ
ڻŵλϹԶԶʱλ׷ɱƺҲƵ˼㣬һֱδڵĻħЦ
ӲģʶģͰ㲻
ڣѹͲ֪ôƨ˱ս߶ɱңҲ⣡
ûУôܣħЩ
㲻Ǳǵҩ԰֮ãһĿǽݵķô֪ܲģݵķħʵ
仰ʱ˷ǼʮԶ۵ĸִһ
ݴģķ
ˣûв֪ݼֵġ
ǿ¢ԵԴ㹻Գһеҩ
ʱһ˶䡣
ţǵҩ԰ڴ֮ãǣЩħ壬ôܻһ壡һҪҰæһûǸҩ԰¾ˣ
һһ֮⣬һֱң
ԣǸħȴЦû͵ʦǸҩ԰ʲôܣ
׷ɱǸһȴʵĿˣ֮ܣΪҵ֪ǰûĵħ壬ѧҵַ֮Ѿ׼ɱˣ
Ļ񣡲Ȼ㲻˵Ҿֻɱ㣬Ȼѻܹ꣬ļеõģݵķˡ
ܵģû
ȱ׷ɱ˵ǸħͻһѪ⣬ȻϧıԴѪս
͵ؼٵɲǣ׷ɱ߾ͱǸħһɱһ̽Ǹ׷ɱߵ꣬˷Χ߷Ӧ˲Ϣ뺣ʧ
ʮԶԶ͵ǿǿǸħʧˣ۲һ󣬺֮󣬾ɢȥˡ
֮󣬵õرĻŵĴƹ鶸һ䣬ݱоģɥķˣħоģ
ò˶ãгϾͻּ۸͵ĳݵģôεĲɹ嵥ϵĳݵԼһ롣
ϧˣȻħоħĵؽ磬ɲ͸ȥҪȻŪǿɾͷˡ
̾һλŵĴƹЩεĻת˴ա
Ĺ򣬼ʱ֮йسݱо˴ģϢͿʼҿյڴķзġ
˲Ϣѹ˰ǰԳԴƹɱҿյĻȻ⡣
һʱ䣬ҿյ⣬Ϳʼ⡣
Щ̻ƹһ۵ģйسݴֻг仯кӦ
żģҪͨˡ
Ϣͨ±ýޱȣһдĳУôͨŵ⽫һǧɣ
أ
оģħ壬ħǱ߸ð͸Ҫߵģ͸õĿԻǺܴģ
̶̰µĹϢҿյΪģ̶ӴĴ½˷С硣
Ȼ׶ϢȥǿߣʵʱҲɹ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ţħԷǵĴڣȴǵ˵棬Ǹ׷ɱ˺ƣűذϢ
ħڿ֪һ㡣
ż۵ʱҲ׽֮ɻ
ǣѳɡ
Ϣˣûô໳ɣϢԽԽס
ϢҿյһЩеʱѾǸ׷ɱ߱նɱʱΪ׳ݣ⽫Ϣ￪ġ
ҿյĵܶڣһĴЩƣĻ˻ԴӣϣѾû˻ˡ
ҥԣԽԽ棬һ·ۿһ㣬ͨţҲѾӦ֮ߡ
ŲɹݵĴͻ۸һŻݣǰİֱȡ˴룬ӦδֵܻĿͻʧ
ǾͺãһϢһǾͳɣЦţҶӳһ
͡۾ʱˣһѾץס
ҶĻУȴ̽һԴͷ治ͣĽÿһԴ̽ÿһԴһģȴǲĶ͡е
Ҷһ͡ˡ
ͷҲǿСèÿҪ̵ϰٿޱȵ͸һ㡣
ҲǸĻᱻҶһţûС
ⲻ۲˴ˡ
žͷǿģҶ˾ͷһڣֵһðɣҲһţ
ոյͱͷ̵ˡ
͡ȴһ֪ҶСèÿҪ̵ϰٿ񿴵ҶĽ˲õı͸ֱͣʣ̫ˡ
Ҷӵľη
Ҷȴüͷչǰħ˧ݵһϷɹŴģĴɢ
պ󣬾Ҷ濪۳ݣҲû˻ỳɵҶСϱߡ
Ȼٲ˴⣬Ҷ潫Ƶħϣ˵ħ彻ģͿ԰Ѵ鷳ˡ
ҶͷӰɢȥˡ
ɴһ׷ɱƹ飬Ҳ͸һˣȥˡ
ʼգҶģǸԳɱ
Գ㻹ţҥԣֻԳĸʢġ
һССҥԣҶͽȻֵ鷳ȥһĸ󻼡
ҶͽƽͨｨԸһճˡ
ڴ֮ǰҶҪѡһʵĺУ


1457 
ѡһԶչĿĺУأҪ
һǵλãǰȫˡ
ǵλãʵ߶ԣϼʮϼʮû̫Ĳ
ҪеλãҪʺϷչ
һµĺ𣬱ȻӰܱߺеķչ
ҿյܱһȫµĺУҿյĲͻ˵չͷǳ͡
ǲ˵ҿյӵߣ϶ԥĻӶȭġ
ҵֶεȳֶ֮󣬾ͱضᶯ˭ȭͷ˭ĵʹ֮˲Ƶ
ԣҶѡҪԶչĺУ϶ҪԶҿյԶԶıܿһľ룬ѹ
Ҫҿյ֮ſԡ
ǾλãһһȻķ죬ҪӵػеԿɽС
ҶĿǰڱǿʥˮˡ
ƺλʵѾͻƻͻƵͨ񾳣ǵѪǶԸһѾûˡ
ԸĴڣͱȽˡ
ҶţڣӦû̫鷳ʥĿǰˮδʱ䣬ʵͻͽ
ҶļƻУʥˮǻĺеҪ
ԣеλѡ񣬲ʥˮͻˮ̫Զֱֲӷʥˮˮڡ
ԭܼ򵥣һٵĺУȻǿӹŹֵǿߣһ˳ģʥˮҲǿܵġ
ʥˮķչңʥˮڲǰ½ͨǺзʥˮڣҵķ٣ͻñǿ߶ʥˮ鷳
һҶҪｨĺλûϾͻˡ
ʥˮҿյֻȻλòѡʥˮҿյ֮䡣
գҶλȦʥˮĶ߰ﷶΧ֮ڵĺγ˺СʥˮҿյôһֱߣԺҶｨĺҿյжĻʥˮһʱܹõ鱨׼
ȦΧҶʱ䷵ʥˮʥˮڣܱߺĵһϡ
뾸ƺλϸо֮˾ѡһưܵĺС
Ϊλ뻳ˮʥˮڵԪˮˮڡ
Ԫˮ뻳ˮʥˮһΣλʥˮ򡢻ˮ
λԪˮϲ뻳ˮˮ߽뻳ˮˮʮʥˮˮ߽Զһ㣬ҪʮǾʥˮˮ룬ֻʮ·
ǳĺʣʱ򣬻ˮʥˮڱ߽粼¾رһ£ʱ죬Ϳɱֶ
񾸺ʥʥĸֶԸ·ٶȽ졣
ĵܣ㽫⺣еλѡһĿ̵꣬Ԫˮˡ꣬ƺʥЦ
㲻ĿǰҪ֮ǰսʵλÿ˶ӵжԶԿ۷ߵʵ֮󣬲ܽһ̲Ҷ˵
ԣʥȴüͷԿ۷ߵʵ
ҪӵʵǵΪҲͨ񾳾ͻƵһأĿǰٶȣ鵤ϣûжʮĹǲܵģʥ˵
һҪͨ񾳾صΪǼλÿӵһ׳׵أҶЦ
׵ǳ׵ƷǵսҲһΪѪԭ򣬱սȺټֻҪӵͨڵʵͿԶԿڵˣƺʥ촽һڴ
ȺвݳɣҾרΪλʵҶ˵
ţһʵķߣȺвݳɣʯעԴչüλʵˡҶ˵
Ȼѡ˶ΪδĺУʥΪҪޱҪҪ¶ʥˮĹϵ
Ҷｨ£鵽ȴηɰҲȥ
ǵļƻУҶδٿܲηɰףȴ᳤
Ȼηɰ׵ΪôսԲ
ǾʥҲҸηɰ֣ηɰ׵޺ɷ̫Եˡ
ͬʱΪηɰףҶὫ¥Ĵ¥Ǿȥ¥ҵң¥Ĵ¥Ǿȥʵʲˡ
ͬʱǰڹԻˮʱʥսͨߣʮеһ룬յҶϢ֮ǰ
СèԽԽٶȣǰʮĶҲһʱѡ
ѵʦηɰжദʱ䣬֮£ٶȱȻࡣ
˵Ѿˡ
ǰͱ۹Ϊпһʱ䣬һֱûʲôزţҲûչ
Ȼ֮ǰܱУôǷǳġ
֮£ȻҿյҪɫһЩСԼǧ﷽Բ֮ҿյҪһ벻˵Ҫǣϵĵˮǳ㡣
кüȻĵˮҿյչڣˮҪⲿ
ĵ࣬мɽ֣˷ƽԭȥն񣬵ߵεֻС˼ѡ
ӿизٹĺۼڶ˲ԫϱڣֻһưܵͷڰתţţȴûһϵ忴ȥв١
νĺˣҶĳ
ȻҶҪڶϽСԳݽôȣҶͱȨ
Ապܹ˳Ľ󻯡
ҪõĺȨַͨһǴԭ׵⸩ǴڵˮˮȨ
ΪˮĸУֻҪڴ֮УǺ׻½ϣˮĵ̡
ֻˮһ㶼ϲںףϵ
£ҶֻҪԭµͿԣռݣҲûκ⣬ҶĲһӵ
ӳԶǣҶͬʱ֣պͽ϶ԣܱһ鷳
ںһ֮Ҷ֪ǰǸˣΪ벻ˡ
ĿǰģԭסҲ
ҪǣҶ淢֣Щ񣬳˳סںϵϰߺͺĴ½岻̫һ֮⣬֡ԶĴ½һ
Ҫǣ٣Žӽ˿ڡ
ʱҶһЩ뷨


1458 п
Ĵ½Ĵ壬츳ȣ̫С;һ壬;޴ǿеĸǿ츳ͨ
һͨкڵˮɸɵʮǽٸҵ塣
ǣһ֯жôһٸʿиɵһͨкˮĿԡ
һʿɸɵһͨкڵˮ
ħҲˣޱȵǿ󣬵ʿʤǿ
ľǼɡ֯װȼȺЧӦ
ڷŴʱҶͷѾ޾ϲ
ֻҪ֯ʮиϵ£ǽǿߣҲ˱֣
ܿģҶηɰ׾Ͳ˶
ϵԭס֮Ĺϵǳ򵥣ڼ峤ƶȡ
˵壬ǴӺĴ½ܻһһﷱ
ĿǰгšԡΡʢߴգг࣬ռ˿ڵĳɣոռһҵ˿ڡ
ʵгƣд峤һϾ峤һ㶼峤Σ֮У峤һϯλϣжеĸֵΡ
ִ඼Գһ壬ԣĿǰȨģǳһ塣
ȻŽ˿ڣǧ﷽ԲĴϣϡޱȣϾ֯ģҶηɰ˴ĵĴ̽ϵĻͱˮˡ
ܿģʣϾǿҶΪߣǺܾ衣
ҶƱԸ⣬ճǣܿ˷Ӧ
ǶΪȱϵٵԭ򣬶ҶĵǺܻӭġ
һʱ䣬峤ʥͥ衣˳ϳųϳҶ̸
ôҶµѾޱȣҶѾ⣬Ҫչãǵǽϵһһ
ҪڶϿ̺ţҶ⣬峤ʥͥЩ⣬ԴӼǰ˷֮󣬶Ҫ̺ŵˣǵһ⡣
׼ȷ˵ҪУԣҪ峤̸̸Ҷ˵
У峤ʥͥ۾һΪ̫һжԺӰˣڶϿһУСģУҲǴ췭ظı仯ĲƸ
ƸӿҲдķս
ڶĴ峤ʥͥԶ㿪УҲǹģС֣УޣܸǴͲƸֶΪأ
ܿģʥͥںͼϹȻҪУȻӭ֮˵̣ȴǲܴš
ĸء԰֡ɽȵȣǵģЩ֮ĵطѡһΪеĵط㣬ѡѡʥָͥŵͼ˵
ҶȴǿҲûֱӵ峤ÿˣǵ˵֮⣬ĵطȫ
óʥͥЩ⣬ȫǿķ֮أҪ۵Ļ
޷峤ܿ۾ǣҶЦ

Ҷ˺ʥͥҲЩסˣͼλ괫һ֮󣬻ڵҪķ֮ĵأҪƷʯ
Ʒʯ۸ҶЩ죬ۺƷʯʱֻҪݣͿҶرˡ
۸ҪҶԣû
Ҷ仯ȴóʥͥĿҶӹˣæǹ;ļ۸񲻺ʣǿ
ã
۸ˣԸ۸ĻϷһǵ˵õ֮ȫҶ˵
һһǧƷʯ峤ͬʱһ
󣬵ǲһ㣬û⣬Ҫдȴܡ
ȫһĳȥ֮ʮƷʯ治ȫµһֱĽͰ͵ģҶ񿪳һǧƷʯǶʮĴ롣
ûҿԳۣǣҶ˵
뽲ʥͥ˵
һպпǶգ׼һ˿һ˽̺ţܷ̺ţ޹أҶ˵
˼һ£ʥͥ˵ͷû⣬ϷԼ˵ģ
峤Լǹأɷҿǻ˴ǮģΥҵĹأҿҪɱ˵ģʱ峤ɱҡ
ΪرԸ⣬ʱҿһƤ̺ţֻԼӪزת⡣һٸһַҶѾõĴޱˡ
óʥͥ˶һۣæͷ
ڶܱߵͷͳһｨͳһǲ½κͷΪرǿʹָһͷҶ˵
û⣬ϷӦʥͥ˵
ڵʵǻݻģڶ˽ͷ϶Ҫ֡
ʱϣ峤ܹöǾԲ˵ģ
ԣʥͥˣҪĲֺ
ϵĳˣ˾Ӫ⣬ǳˣǼΣգÿжҪˡ
ȶְݵ񣬺ֶΪء
ңʱһ𣬾Ҫά򣬵ʱϣ峤Ҵ֮ļѵʱ򣬴ӾߵĴӵź񡣡
ҶᵽЩѾóʥֵͥĺϲ£ˡ
ⲻҪֻҪҶ֣ǾܹӰһҲǴпܵģ
Ȼ̸ˣҶ浱Ĵ峤ʥͥԼԼӸӡǣǴ˽ס
Ҷ浱˵棬ʥͥһǧƷʯ
ƷʯͬʱҶ浱ʾھҪǧ͹ཨÿÿʮƷʯĹǮ
峤ʥͥʾûκ⣬֮־ͿԾۼ
֮ҶԾǣʥͥɹǧ͹֮У󲿷ֶҵΪߣһٶͨ񾳵ߡ
ͨ񾳵ߣɶǾʿѡ񣬾ȻΪʮƷʯ͹
һɲǣҶһּ񵽱ĸо
Ľ蹤Ҷ潻˴¥¥Ǿ֯裬ʥˮĴ󲿶ӻûϹҶ浣ĸǾһסӣͽηɰ׻оͷ¡
Ҷ棬֮󣬶Ը˶Ԫˮ
ֻҪԪˮˮöȨҶպ峹׻öӵȨ


1459 ҵ
ԪˮˮԼĪʮ·һĹҶ͵ˡ
ոսˮ﷽ԲҶͱѲߵˮ˸ţ
ʲôˣôԪˮһͨ񾳵һˮĶҶ档
̺ŵĶƹԪˮ̣ҵİҶ˵
ûб۾Ҽˮܼģ˵ʲôģǲǻˮļϸ
˵꣬鶸رֵǣѣȿǲǻˮļϸ
֪Ķ
Ҷһеĺѹʱɢѹͨˮ壬һɽһ㡣
ãЩõ㻯ˮҶĺѹ֮£׷˫ϥһڵء
Ҳɫ䣬ʶģ֪ܹɢֲֿϢĴڣΪֻͨһأҲܹԸġ
ˡС۲ʶ̩ɽײ˴ˣ롭
ȥͨɡҶƳһ
ҶҪʲôǿΪһ㣬Ūˮˡ
ҲҶ̸ģҪȻҶһž߹ȥˡ
һ֮ҶԪˮˮХ
۱ʵԪˮʵҪʥˮǿϲ٣ˮ֮ҶˮһɢԪˮڷֵˮʹﵽˣ˶ڵΪһλΪﵽء
ΪߵģԪˮХˣصΪѹԪˮˡ
ʵȻҪԾʥˮҲܹӦġ
ֻǴʱԪˮХǻεģ޷֪ıʲôԪˮХʲô츳ͨǿɾ˵ˡ
ܿģҶͱ⡣
ҪӱˮﹺȨЩӷ׵ԪˮХоҪʲô;
̺ſУҶ˵
Ǻ°ԪˮХЦ֪ƹӪʲô⣿ʲô
仰Ҷ࿴һԪˮХһƺ̫öԸĵرУչֻҪʯ׬⣬ȥ
ޡ
ХһԣҶĻشЩ
֪ƹĴһʲôļ۸Ǵ㰴ãǽ׵ȥԪˮХʵ
Ȼǳ׵ʱ򣬾ⲻɣڵϽСҲǲġҶ٩˾䡣
ƹģǸˮ£ǲὫˮڵس׵תȥģХ˵
ҶˣԪˮЩ۵˼
һɲǣҶһˮˣǴųģˮ㣬ֻܻת壬ˡ
Ҷ仰ǴԪˮҪϣϺҳһʺϿеĺҲǲܡ
ԪˮҲˣ֪һ̺õصʱ򣬾ˣײı䣬Ҳҿ̫ݡ
ңҶģǸ˳ѣĸĹڸˮأ
ǵļ۸ǣХʵ
ļ۸ƷʯҶ̽Եıһ롣
ƷʯԪˮХ۾صɴ󣬡ǿǷԲǧһƷʯڴһл𣿡
ԣҶٴһˮˣǴųģĿǰĺһʲô룬ˮӦҵ˼ɣ
ˮȻףǣҲܰ͸ǰɣʮǧƷʯһҪһе棬߶ԪˮХ۸
ʮһɵ棬ܵġҶҡҡͷһޱ̰ļһ
ǧƷʯѾһˣ۸ҶҪϢˣҲԽܡ
һɵ棬Ǿ޿ܣ
гݿеķٿԤһɵ棬ǽһ֡
ң͸ɹ飬Ҷ治ûǹ
޷Ըǿߣͷȥ֮󣬽ǵǿʱ޿κ֮£ŻͳһЩɴ֤еİȫ
Բǰˮ
һǧƷʯˮˣǵĵˣҶһ˵
ǧƷʯһɸɹɣҲǱˮĵˡԪˮԡ
Ҷһ͵վ𣬡ȻˣǾû̸ˡˮˣҪˣǸʯˣǴᣬǾڶϽ̺ţΣ
ԣԪˮХЦһǱˮҲҪ̺ţûˮͬ⣬ڱˮĵ⣡
ûˮͬ⣬˵ڱˮĵϽ̺ţһשߣˮʹŰˮǻٸɸɾ
ߵҶ仰͵ضס˽ŲˮҪ̺ඣ
ߣȲˮӣǾݹΪǣ
˵ԪˮХ͵ǣţһ£̺֪֪ⱱ˭£
ʱͨ񾳵߾ʹ˷ӿҶ档
ǣ
ʱ̺ҪСӻ͵øˮϴѵ𣡡״ԪˮĴЦ
һɲǣڴЦԪˮ͵һ飬䣡
⣬ҵġҶЦ


1460 ұ
ˮҰŭһԪˮХֵµͷŴ󽫣ҲصˮһֻȰƶر󣬷·һСɽһҶ浱ͷѹ¡
Ǹ֮зǳձҲǳʵõһͨأ
СɱСǴɣһξͿԲ죬һŲ¾ǰ﷽ԲһξСޱȣǳʵá
ĴǷǷ
ͨҶ̫
СɽһѹµƣҶ浱˼ƽϡ
ʱϰͨߺ߰Χ֮£Щһӿϣ˲ϢͿԽҶࡣ
£ҶѵӦĿǰ£ҶҪʰԪˮХûôס
ԣҶѡ壡
¡¡
Ժɳĺ鱦׹ڵʯ֮һаס
ɫайʩչͨϣƾͷ·Ǳڻһ㣬ɿıС
ڹҶصˮΪͨƣӦһҽУƻа۶ýڲѣ׹Ҵܡ
ҶȴûκսĻᡣ
ҶڵĴԥǰЩͨҶֻܹȶǱˡ
ˮľϢƾһ˸ŵɫĴ͵Ļ򣬽а׺صϡ
а׵شѹûлصˮֱӵıҶС
֮УصˮһޱȵĲҽҽոɲǣ͸Ȼֹ
ˣֱӱһ˽̼
ĸԿҶǼ·һˮը죬˷ϰλͨߺ߸ɫ۵ľ֮ɫ
һϢ֮ڣͽһصĴڸɱ궼ûӳֱӽЩͨ񾳵ˮŻˡ
߶³ǳȥ
һĻͬ¶֮ɫԪˮХȴǳķŭˣһϰŸʲôֻһˣϣɱͣ
ӱ룬ŸʲôϰԪˮֱӵһˮ
Ϊӱˮʱ¶һɫȴòϡ
ˮˣƽʱҲԪˮХĸҪǲϣҶ뿪֮Ҫùˡ
ϣһϰֻһˣˮӱŭһ·ɽһˮ⣬ҪֹҶ棡
Ҿͳȫ㣡
ҶЦͬһɲĽǣӡ˺ӱ룬ˮӱ˫Ʒ׵߶£ӭҶ档
ò˵Щˮʵںһ㣬˵ƷûС
죬ˮӱĻױճޣţ̵֬Ѫⱻսĳζٴ
һΣҶֱӣһɱһλصˮ
ԭˮӱļˮںӱŭ£Ƕ֣ӱѾɱˡ
£Ǽǳ׵Żˡ
׷ֹסĺˣԪˮХŭҲֹסǵơ
ͬһɲǣĻХͷ֮ĺͬʱ
ͷľſŴԴһ̽ͽҶͨڵˮһڸȥ
Сèǻһɫ磬ҶһȦɫĲӰʱҶܱ߾͵һȦͨ񾳵ˮ
ʮͨ񾳵ˮСèûצķɣֱӵ˵ǣٶ뻢צֱӽײɡ
ȻûɱһȴǶϽۡ
ҪǣʿĴ̫ˣǾͷֱӽϰλͨ񾳵ˮŵĲˣֲѡ
һĻҶĿѡ
Ҷ汾ǷųСèͷǸҶ澯ģϰˮҪΧڣҲܹҶȡһӦԺߵʱ䡣
Ҷû뵽һͽϰˮȫסˡ
Сèɱһ㣬ٶѾޱȡ
Ҷ滹½ʱ֪书Ψ첻ơ
ΪͻƵ꺣֮󣬿ʱ򲢲ãǣٶһͬڵСèһ㣬ͻ÷ǳֲ
ҶͻȻ䷢֣ǸСèһĻצףСèһȦȥǲǾܹʮλͨȫƶǣ
ھͷ棬ҶѾֲˡ
̫ޣͬѹϴڶԸԳʱ̵ߣΪѾͻƵغڡ
ʱһ̵ͨڵˮΪϢٽʼﵽ۷ûκġ
۷ľͷ棬ɸɵͨڼµߣӦͨ񾳺ڵߣߣҲӦһˡ
ĿǰԣҶ治֪ͷսһĿǰóı£ǾŸԴȫȥһԴҧеˡ
Ҷ㣬һＱιͷһ˺Щˣû̫Եı仯
ֱһȦģҲøӵ
Ҷ֪Ǹһι㹻ͷһʲôģ
žͷСè֣ҶˮΧϰˮˮ׷׺ˣеСģֱӼһתܡ
һĻԪˮХŭ
һ
ҰһӷʰС֮ôʰǣ
ʰңĴΰɣҶһЦԺĺ鱦׹ٴ˸
¡¡
һɲǣа׷·һһ㣬ԪˮХ
Хһŭޱȵĺζظֲˮ⣬ƴԪˮ鸮֮зɳӳֵǰĲˮ֮С
һɲǼ䣬ǲˮޱȡ
һޱȵĹǶسԪˮǰͬʱҶа׾ͺԪˮХܲµĲˮС
ɫˮϵƿʼ˸ĿĹ⻪ܲµĲˮ֮УһƬ
аǰˮ⣬ȴֽһ㡣
˲Ϣ䱻а׺һ󶴣ԪˮµǧöˮϵƣҲа
ҶаɢԪˮǰĹϡ
ҶƳһаûһ˿ۼĹףЩ̾ԪˮռһƬ򼸰꣬ﻹһЩñ
Сӣ㿴ˮĿұ죡
ҶɱеԪˮХͻȻŴ󵽼£һź˻ģ
ǣȴûκ
ҶͷһһɲǣһݵΣոҶͷ
ʱף׻ͬʱҶ֡
ˡˣ
һݵֱҶ鸮֮ɲǣͷ·ˮһʯһ㣬ûκˮȴ
һȦȦ֮£Ҷꡢ鸮ܵһ𶯣ɲǼתޱߵڵء
ЦУԪˮХڵصҶ档


1461 ħ
СӣղŲͦڣôQˣ
㵹ǱQ
һҶ棬ԪˮһߵЦš
ڵҶ棬ϵˣ׸
츳֮ͨ£ҶеأҶޱȵͣҲڵء
СèЩЩ걻ǿֱ꣬Ҷǿ꣬ޱȣʱֻǸҶһתڵء
ͷֱӱѪԡ
Ӧ˵ǼʮϣͷľŸԴ֪ж١
ǣֹҶ桢СèͷδüߵͨߡԪˮХߣҲڵХ츳֮ͨ
֮⣬вýΪһˮֱӱıԶ
һַΧԵĲֵҵ츳ͨȻҲԪˮХûңӦþ֮ǰԪˮХһֱûʩչţޱȵ츳ͨԭˡ
Ҳְ
ɱһǧ˰١
򲻵ʩչ֮£ȴޱȵľˡ
˵ʵҶ浽Ĵ½֮սȴδйΣյľء
ٺ٣ֱӿаֱܹӿУ̺ŵĲƸ϶ˣܱɳЩ̺еĵλ϶ͬСɡ
ҵ㣬ܹõأԪˮһ̰Цݡ
ɾԪˮ̰Цݴﵽ˼µɲǣһԪˮصΪҲҪľսϢشԪˮ
ѪɫĵͣԪˮıǿֲϢһֱӴԪˮŵֱš
Ҫһ£㣡ɱԪˮ˲Ϣ佩Ӳԭأ˵ˣСָͷҲһ¡
ҪϢֲ̫ɱһĶӵĳ嶯ͷŵѪɫɢϢ
ǿƷ
ƷϢ
˼ˮҲǸ㵽һƷƷĲ϶ѡ
ˣԿһɱⲻǿЦ
ⲻǱˣҶħ˧
ò˵ҶСʻ괬̬Ҷһ
Ҷڽˮ֮ǰͷųħ˧ֻǾһ£ǰµʱԳ̸뻪̸ʱҶ涼ķųħ˧Աһ
һֱûϣû뵽ˡ
ңҵǣħ˧ȻԪˮХ츳ͨӰ졣
ҶģӦħ˧ûйϵ
Ҷ淽ŵĸоУԪˮХ츳ֱͨӹ꣬һּƵ޷֪Ҷ
һ£ҶԴϼ£βŹ֡
Ӧħ˧ԪˮХ츳ͨӰԭ
ҪǣԪˮ츳֮ͨĺ֢ǳء
ȥһӵģҶԶ۵ģתĵֱ£᲻һ˺üҩûκЧ
ҿǰųħ˧ҪȻҶܾˡ
һʱ֮ҶŻָһܹվܹһ
Ҷһ£СèͷƸһͷĸһ¡
ʲô츳ͨڵϴڴҶʵ
ԪˮХתһ£ûлش˼ͷϵѪɫ͵һħ˧߳˵
ԪˮХŵһ£Ҳ֪ҿ֮󣬾ͻᣬֻҪһôһɤӣеˮεҲˮλõģҽΪħ
ħ
ҶЦǡ
һȴûκ˵İ
һؼʱ̣ǿԵ߸Ƶ񼼡
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ˴㡣
ᣬҶ뽫һսҲ
ħ˧һҶԭأϢʱŻָ߰˰ˡ
Ϣ֮ҶЦеߵ˿ԪˮХǰ˵ˮԸأõֶΣ
ԪˮХ¶һȿ޻ҪѿЦݣãԸ
û취СΣ
Σ﷭˴ֵôͨߣǿ츳ͨȻصҶ
Ѿ˴ιһҪúõĲЩˮˡ
ʵҶ뷨Ҳġ
ʥˮѵصˮȣԪˮˮȻʵձʥˮǿս治ô
ҶѾ㣬Ժô羸ʥɼѵһԪˮˮ
ʵֱ
Ӳıֶθס˰ˮĺ
֮󣬱ҶսԪˮεĴҶԣǼˮͨˮΪħ̱ڵء
ȻҶѾʰԪˮҶ滹óһݵ飬Ԫˮǩǹ£Ҫġ
շԪˮХҶõһս֮࣬ǽܱߵˮʥᡢԪȫյУδĶİȫõһļǿ
ˮ׷в٣ңˮѲ߶飬Ϊͷ
ԪˮĺôԶ׼ġ
ҶͻȻһ뷨ˮˮˮΪ඼кңֻиˮӵнΪ
Ҷ֮£ǿԽĴ󲿷ˮյУ


1462 һ̤
ϸĿһҶջǴǸƱˮСˮƿر뷨
ȻǸ뷨ǳˣһɹôҲ
ǣΣҲǼ
е⣬Ҷͻ᳹׵ꡣ
˵ģոµԪˮХһܸ㶨Ҷˣħ˧ǡΪûԵʶܵХ츳ͨӰ죬Ҷ״ˡ
ҶǼͼˮˮö࣬ǿ츳ͨˮôһҶҪɢˡ
οӱˮķֲҶĿǰݺˮ򣬻ǱȽϿˮ
ʥˮˮ½ضֻѡ
ڴ֮УԽǴˮˮʵԽǿԽ
ЩˮܾǼʽļ̳УˮΪػǽһأ䱳󣬿ܴźüλкڵļ峤
ҶֻҪһΣ֮·ͻʹ˽
ߣҶ˴ܹǹƥɱԪˮҪԪˮˮһɢɳֻҪһǾʥˮָӣҶҪꪳɳ
ھʥˮͷִ֮Ҷ潻ԪˮХһЩǰ˶
δһʱ䣬Ҷģڶϡ
ԭҶ滹ƻȥһ˱ϵɵҶʱƻ
г֮ʣҪҶִ֣һõĿͷвܷչ
ңҶ뿪֮ǰʥһսҶ뿪Ҳܹһ㡣
Ҷصʱ򣬶ϵΣȴҶЩ⡣
Ҷ汾ΪӦһȻ쿪ģû뵽ȴš
ŵ˵߸ԭסˡ
ηɰΪף¥¥Ǿ֮ǰźϹһʮλͨߺʮλʥˮߡ
һǶԭסˣΪӻ꺣Уͨ񾳵ߴԼˣжʮˡ
ȥŵģηɰ׳ֽԣһĺ˪˳ʰΰΧηɰһˣӴսһ֮ǰҶǩЭĴ峤ʥͥ衵վм䣬һ
ô£Ӹ߿µҶһ
¥¥Ǿ״æҶһֱ֣괫Ҷ潻
ţҶȴĿмһɫĶϣԭסУһҺߺߡ
һȺŮΧ꣬ŭޱȡ
ЩףǾѡеҵڶһƬشϣ׼þ𶯵֮ƽ֮󿪽
ǣƬ֮ϣȴһ羰ĺõСԺСԺʱСԺˡ֮һʢҵĴӾˡ
ԵСԺǽʱ˲٣ҪĻҪһʯ
Ӵǵģηɰס
ηɰˬԵǾܿ۾ǣһСԺѣֵٸߣҲٿƷʯѡ
ηɰû뵽ǣǸʢȴһƷʯۡ
ηɰǺˬȴɵ
ѲռСˣˣȻϴǾܾ
ҪǣǸʢηɰ׾ܾ֮ʣȻԵϷηɰףҪСԺǲҪ⳥ҲãҪηɰһٷ
ηɰ׵Ӽңٴɫľܾ֮£ǸʢӾȻƾֵ»Ϊǿнηɰ׻ȥ
£ȴëηɰס
޺ɷһͽͨڵʢҪɱ˱飬ԭʢҲһ
ؼʱ̣ηɰȴֻ֣ʢȡ
ҶףηɰΪǣ֪ĲֶҶΪҪֵġ
ǣˣöյʢ峤ŭ
ǳʢĵճƽޱȣߴյ峤ҵĹӣڶ͸ʵһ㣬Ȩء
һŭ֮£͹Ķһǰ鷳ǰôǰҶ氲ŵǰʥˮĸֵд峤ʥͥһֱֹű˴ս
øǾĻ˵Ĵ峤ʥͥϾǶĴ峤Ҳס棬󻯶ѡ
ΪĿǣƫڶյġ
ǾҶһ˲䣬һֳƽ˶յĳ嶯
һ£󲿷˻޹ģҶѹŭ
ʦ㣬ίˣҸӵһηɰףҶЦ˴峤ʥͥ
ҶĶʥͥ͵һûϵǰηɰףȻ̺ŵĶƹϵܡ
峤ʲô˼̺ԩͷոʯҪڣ
أѾ߼ǣڣǵ˲ǣϷҵŮˣʲô˼Ҷȵ
ҶĻûأΧǸʢҵճһΪͨ񾳺ڵĸ˾ͳҶŭĹƨҼǨҼǨˮûɫҲֵҼǨ
¡¡
Ĺ쳹һĿޱȵ׹ⶸһţ֮зһɽζ
ǸŭѾȻʧˣҲֱʧԭֻһѺɫĹǻҡ
һ£޺쳹
ʧȥ˫ȵ꣬Ƿ
㡭ɱҡ
һɲǼ䣬ϰٵʢ˵ϢȫҶ档
峤Ҫһʱ򣬾ܳҶ֣Ҷ治˵һһս˼ñĪĳʥͥӵļɵ
ҶһǲмɱŮ˵ģŮ˵죬ʵ̫ˡ
Ҷû֮ǰŮ˵죬˶ٶ񶾵޷ݵηɰ̵ܹڣҲȫΪ
ǲܹΪηɰ׳ڶʲôˣ
ƹģôܹɱˣ㵱Ƕʲôʥͥŭȳ
ߣ峤ҿǳһǧƷʯ˴Ǯģȴҵɵˣ
ȻǰҵɵˣҾͰǲһ̤
ЦУҶϰٵɱķһָȻһӣһа׺¡
ҶɴĽʢҵĵճﵱ˵ֱӺ˻ҽ
ɱǸŮʢ˵ķӦ㼤ңɱʢҵճʢҵļһӣ۾ʱͺˡ
㾹ȻɱǨҸƴˣһŭʢǨĸ׾Ҷƴȴ峤ʥͥһ˸סˡ
ʥͥ飬ҲޱȣɱǶյĵϵѪ£ɾ޷˰
ȳʥͥ˵Ҷȴָʢҵһ˺ȵʢţûǻᡣ
ھһѪ޵Ļᣬ˭һȫˡ


1463 
ʢţûǻᡣھһѪ޵Ļᣬ˭һȫˡ
Ҷĺ仰Ŀȴ˶մ峤ʥͥЦ峤֮£ǶʢҵˣһȫţǶҪϣ̺ŵˣҲǳصģ
ʥͥǴ峤ЩʶʱҶ֮
ҶҪ̬ء
ǶոʢһôҶһͲ⽫¼׵󻯣ݱ̺Ÿյȫս
峤£ô£Ҷһ֮һʢ֮顣
˵ʵѡߣ峤ɱҪܵӰ졣
ѡǰߣȫ濪սʵ׼̺ŵʵ
ƾ̺־óһǧƷʯǰɳľҶƹͶӵɱͨкߵʵͿԴµƶϳ̺ŵĵ̡
˲Ϣ䣬жϣ̺ȫ濪սһãǿɾ֮֡
˼һ£ʥͥľʾڶ˰
ƹģʢҲ˭ϣӦ˻棿ʥͥʵ
Ҷʱ˳ʥͥѡ
˵ʵǳʥͥĲʶôҶ˶Σ
ˮˮ̼ͻ𾡡
ʶ࣬ҶҲֻʢһҿϾĿɳɳԣԣҪǿˡ
棡Ҷ˵ͷ
ã
ʥͥ͵һرͬһʢǰ̺ɱں
νԩͷծ˵ȶԹսܽ⡣
̺ŶƹЧŷһһӦսʢˣֱɱֻʢж߷
ңԸǩ״ʥͥĿ⿴Ҷ档
ʵǳʥͥڸԼҺ·ʢɱҶ棬ô״ڣ̺鷳Ҳ˵ͷ
ʢҵ飬Ǿܾ״ֻѡ
ܿģҶͰʥͥҪȣ˵棬ǩ״
ˣѾǩ״ʢҵ˭Ҫȫžǣ˵꣬Ҷ治һٶȿ㣬Һæ
ǲмŵģʱͽʢ˸ˡ
űסʢʱŭųҶ棬ӣҶ
ʢҶǱɱʢǨĸףǸ˵ɷصΪڶҲǸˡ
ǶʢҵĵϵѪͬʱҲʢ峤ѡ֮һ
̣֮н죬ԴƽյķݣҶָʢҶƽѹˣǵƣ˸ǣ֮£ʼн֮
һλһ㣬ܵѹĶ嶼¶˼֮ɫ
¡¡
аװҶŭʢҶȻʢŭ֮£֮ǰҶа֮ʶˣ׼
һܷɳͻסȫ͵ƿӿǽܵ߶˼¡
׼֮£һаףȻû˵ʢҶʢҶһɡ
һɲǣҶԺͻطɳһڹĽڱޣڹһһ֮ǰаǿа׾
Ϣڳһ
ǰҶļаףʵֻҶԸ߷ĺͨаףҲʵˡ
ڣҶһֱӴ߶˺鱦׹飬а׵ɱɱ
ǿֲļµϢոɢʢҶй¶˿־֮ɫʢҵλ峤Ҳ͵һǧһ֮ʣʢҵ峤ʢضؾ
ҶСģ
ͬʱһ⻪зɳӭһΣͻһСҶ档
ۼΣʢҵ峤ʢ˪Ҳ˲ýˣҶ˵ʲôˣµġ
Ҫ֪ʢ峤ʢؿغڵǿߣΪսڶ֮Уǿŵýǰġ
ʱͻȻ͵ϮȻҶء
ͬʱηɰ¥¥Ǿηɰ׸ȥԮҶ档
ʦ㣬ã
Ҷȴǧһ֮ʣܾηɰ׵İЦ
ûأʢҵ峤ˡ
Ҷڵ֪ηɰ֮ĳͻ֮󣬾Ѿ˾첻Ҫݺݵĸηɰ׳һڶҪ
ֻͳʯȴӦֶΣգ浱̺ź۸
ҪѹԵʵɱǵԺ󳹵׵ıķ
һɲǣһѪӰشҶݳֲϢɢɲǣһǧ׵Ѫɫ⣬·һѪɫһԽգֱʢ峤ʢ˪ҶµǼƷĻ
꣡
·жһ㣬ѪɫֱӽǼƷСֳ룬Ǽû谭Ѫɫ˿Ѫɫһն£۾ŭ͹ʢ峤ʢһ롣
ʢ峤ǼƷףħ˧߶ƷѪǰ͸ֽһû
Ѫһʢ峤ʢظոնݳҽűѪ֮УɲǼ
˲Ϣ䣬һƬҶú鱦׹޴߷а׺ɱʢҶûעˡ
ڴͬʱҶüë΢΢һӦһɲǣһϢӶ̽
ڽǿ߶еϢ


1464 ˵
Ҷ棬ڳеĸ֣ǿߣӦ˴ӶһɢޱѹϢ
ֻЩֻ֪壬ͨ񾳡ȴףǽڲɢѹ
峤ʥͥһת˶ǽǿϢĵط΢΢ǰ㣬һģ
ǳʥͥ峤ϻи֣Ŀ׷׿˽Ϣĵط̬ޱȣЩˣ¶˿ȵĿ⡣
ЩһۣҶͻȻӶǵϢǿߵˡ
ٷ֮Ƕյļ峤ڣûһǿķսڣԲȡ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷλǿ߷ųϢ⡣
һɲǣҶһЮһնɱʢҶ֮ħ˧Ŀͻؿ˶ǽǿϢķ
еƷѪӰһңңָ˽ϢķѪɫ뾪˵ɱǽһ˶ġ
ħ˧ϢɲǣĵĽǿϢҲǶرǡ
Ϣкݺݵײһ𣬷˲УͻȻը
ޱǿϢʼڶϿŰ𵴡ţɢѹЩΧ۵߲ͣĺˡ
Ƕյˣ׷ױǿֲϢƵĲˣ峤ʥͥȶյĸ߲㣬ڴʱޱȵĽš
ĿתĶеҶħ˧жڵķ
λǿ֮䱬սսĽǽֱӰ쵽Ƕյδ
Ȼ˵ǶյλѾǽΪˣǰѪеħֻ۷ΪǣһȫƷȴҲϲϵġ
Ҷ۾ҲսѪѾڻ趯սѪĿ˲ͨ񾳺ǿߵ꣬߻̵ֱ
Ҷ治֪ȫעħ˧֮ܲħ˧ΪʹͻƵսѪܣħ˧սһȴûκġ
һλյڸҳ֣ҶҪ֮ѹ
Ϣ֮ԶĵĽǿϢͻȻ˻ȥһϵʹ
ʢһ޷ˣȡᣬŶȥʢһ峤֮λʢһڶ֧ʢ³һʢһ塣
⣬ҶգӼ𣬶Ըӵϼӹ̣ܽʧ֮£ضϳͣ
֮ʣյ˾ȫŶİȥ
ǵǿߵϢʹʧ
ҶǸһ˿ЦݣףλڣӦˣһȽ֮£ȫװµħ˧ǰˣ
һħ˧ʹ˳գƾʧ
ҶĿȴǿ˴峤ʥͥ峤֮£ô̺һ
յڶˣҶٲʤ׷սǾɵˡ

˰ΣʥͥſЦ˵£ȷʵʢǨ޵£Ϊʢɱ£˽ҹ
峤ˣʢǨǱնɱʢҶʢظӣȴǩ״ʱƽҶ
ʥͥٴοЦûǹƽ֮ǰ飬ʹ˽ҹΣ
Ҷ沢ûӦ£峤ĳ֮ˣΪ󣬴¾ʹ˽ҹǣ֮£̺ѾյʢһѪպʢһ̺ŵ鷳
£ŷģʢһҺҵһŹǣʥ֤ͥ
ʥͥҲΣΪ˶һ棬£ѷˣҲǲˣԼҵڶˣҲֻˡ
ΣΣ
˾ͺãʱ˸£ɱ̺ĺҶȵ
ƹķģǶʢһ崫꣬Ƕ޵֮ˣֻǼŲңʢǨ޵֮ˣ鷳
պʢһԵ̺֮ԼոձλָΪʢһ峤ʢ³ɣվҶ̬
ԣҶЦˡ
ʢ³ɵı̬Ŷڲһ飬ָ֮з֧֮ǵ֮䣬ֱӵ涷
£Ҷڶʿ͸аˡ
һͻԶ֮һʢһ峤ȨңǱ档
εǣλˣһ̺ŵʵöҲС̺š
ֱӵĺǣ¹̺ڶӪΪеޱȵ˳
ļǰһ̶ȵļ٣̺ÿ춼ŹǮԽԽ࣬ˣ̽ҲԽԽ졣
ҶԤƣĿǰĽȣʱ䣬Ϳɶеĵһڹ̡
һڹҪ̺ŵܺŴ¥ϵµḶ́ػ󣬲ֿ⡢ӪԼóʮ̻Լһ½ͷȵȹǧ佨
ȻҶԤе𣬵ǣһ̵Ḷ́ӪȻһ
ȻԤ֮깤ôоҪճˡ
еľҶģ¥Ĵ¥Ǿ̺ŵӪܹ¥½飬ԸǾԣֲˡ
ҶҪĵģȴͨ
ÿһУǿ߶ԣһ⣬ǰЩӣҶȻħ˧˶λڡ
Ǳ¶̺ŵһ̰塪ȱϿķĽǿߡ
ǿߣܹյģĿǰֻˡ
ǿҶŪˣҶֻܴ취ˡ
µʱ䣬ҶŪһֻС͵ľӣĹɣעҶ治ҷĵֱļǵʿ
ؼʱ̣յ峤һ£ʿǾǰʯͷԸĽš
ԣҶЩֶΡ
ȻҲʲôıƣǹֶΡ
ܼ򵥣ҶķرǳһֹڶЭ
Уǧ²ĹǸɾ٣ǧΪǣҶڶļǧһˣԾӵѪϴԣټʾתֶΣȫƿ֧ӲѶȡ
֮⣬Ҷ滹ʮѲԺʮţֵµĹ̽
ÿһҵޱȷٵĵطһ鱨ɢأΪѲ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹְҵҶ滹еġ
ѲԸ̽ͿԽһ֧רҵ鱨飬Ƕպ㹻٣ƾҵ鱨ͿԷܱˮڵı仯
ȻҪǣţֵµĹ̽óϴԺͿģЩһͿͬһ㣬Ϣƿضһ壡


1465 ͨ񾳶
µʱ䲻ԭȿȥЩĶʹһĽڶεض𣬸ֻʩεضһӶʿоȻѲһɷپ
̺ŶдܼҸǾʱȴĸȹϵһ㣬һǰת
ĴţǴŷŵǸСè䣬ǰݴʱʱγľŸԴֹǰ
Сè;ͷһɲǲҶţǸΥҶĽԻһڽˡ
һڹѾϣдҲﱸϣҶ֮ǰĽ͵ͳȥˣİȫˣӶˡ
ǣʱǿдˣʥˮѾϢֳҶһλ͵ĴѾʥˮˮ
ᣬҶ滹ھ֮бչûг
ǸǾӳһӣʱ䶼ҵ򽻵ҵϵ飬û治תġ
ǣЩ飬תתģʵȱһɡ
ʵƾǾʵΪͻͽǾסӡ
һǰҶͻչؾͻƣԭ⼸ӦýˣһֱûгأŽǾת
ܼңԪˮХǰضпдϲѾ쵽ˣһͨ񾳵ˮ
øǾһԪˮХǹͣѹתģоͿڵХĵͷһӴã˵鷳ġ
һʱ䣬ǾһԴҪը˵ĸо
ͻȻ䣬һȻޱȵϢ˶شҶ澲޵ľڳ𣬼ϢֱþڵĲľȫ˸ֱ
һǿޱȵϢس𣬴ﵽ֮·һͣУڵϢʼҵĲ
֮󣬾ڷϢͷ·ڵŭλ۵һ˲Ϣ䱬
ʱ֮ǰ·һͣеϢٴγ켲壬θ֮һȶ
ոȶͬʱͣȻϢڷ·һӿͬʱʧ
״֪ʲôµĸǾϲͬʱűƿŪŵӲݵСèͷͬʱԾ˸ո̤ᡢоҶĻ
Ԫ鰢ǴҡڵԾҶͷͷʱ򣬱ҶݺݵĶһۣڨЦ䵽Ҷļϡ
ϲƹΪͻƣ˵仰ʱ򣬸ǾУʵǺܸпġ
½ʱҶʲôΪʲôΪ
Ҷʲôݣʲôݣ
ڣһе˸
ҶΪѾͻƵͨ񾳶أΪſغڶѡ
ҪǣǾΪΪ˺Ҷһĳ̶ȣҶҪɱҲֻǾ֮Ͷѡ
ȻǸпѣģĽҶ档
ôǿд佫йѾˣŸǾǽģҶʵ
ûƹģԪˮˮǰأӭӣǻЩʧ񡭡
ȸǾ˵꣬Ҷһ־͵޷ȥӭӼɣľ
شøǾЩĿ࣬ƹģ⡭̫ʰɣ
ûʲôʲʵģ㾡ܰ˵ȥǡҶ˵
ΣǾֻܵͷŽŽɵ̬ǰȥӭԪˮХ
뿪ĸǾҶ濴ԼЩҵͥԺ˴ѾӲˡ
һ٣һȦɫĹ⻪ɢʱľҰϴܣЩӲȴնϣһЩôÿҰݣǿή
˸Ϣ֮һȥΪµլԺʹ˳֣ǰҡ
һǰΪѾﵽͨһ۷Ҷ棬Ļˣͱչؾޣͻơ
Ʒ鵤İ£ʮĹҶΪ˳ͻƵͨ񾳶ء
֮ǰͻƵͨ񾳣ս̫ҶƣʩչǼɱʱøɡһɣûʲôı仯
ǣһΪҶΪһϣֲһˡ
һջ۵ˮĥ
һαչأȴҶԭԴһΣС
ȥ½֮ǰҶʯһ˴鵤ʹ͵Ʒ鵤Ʒ鵤֮⣬ҶԸõƷ鵤
һƷʯһһöƷ鵤һöƷ鵤ܶһһöƷ鵤
һƷ鵤صҶʮʱ䣬һƷ鵤ȴֻҶһʱ䡣
Ʒ鵤൱ʮҶٶȴ屶ҡ
ԭҶƷ鵤ͨһͨ񾳶أԼҪߵʱ䣬⻹Ҷɫ޳鵤ٶȱһ߿¡
Ʒ鵤ĵԼҪʱ䣬Ʒ鵤ֻҪһ뵽ʱ䡣
էһʮٶֻ屶һⱾǣʱ޼ۣ
һʮҵʱ佫Ϊͨһͨ񾳾غͻʮʱ佫Ϊͨ񾳾أȫ
ֻҪǴˣͻѡߡ
ǣ̫ˣ
ҶƷ鵤ٶȣΪʱٶȣΪͻƵ֮ͨԭһžͿ֧ҶһϵƷ鵤ֻ֧Ҷͷʱˡ
ʱҶĵ˴Ʒʯ֮ŪʮƷ鵤ϸηɰס¡ܵ˵ģʣµĶʮţҲ㹻Ҷʮࡣ
ڣҶƷ鵤ʮҲ֧Ųˡ
ƽͨҪԣʱ˼ȼ
ҶΪ̤ͨ񾳶أҲҶ֮ͨ
֮֮ͬͨͨͨͨģҶ۹⣬Ѿˡ
Ҷ㣬ȴ¹󣬾ҪѰһʵ֮ͨˡ
ͷϣӭԪˮХĸǾСģλ
Ǿû뵽ƺλԪˮҪС
һҲҶûԳӭΪĳʵʸǴܼң֪ƹҺݻᣡ
̬ǾΪ֮һ
ԪˮƬˮˣôŸһ㣿
ƹھ򣡡Ǿ
ͷܼҵĴ··ԪˮХޱȵǫѷһ㶼Ǵ˵ж˿каԵײޱȵԪˮ
롭ѹɻ󣬸Ǿֻܴ·
ͬһʱ̣ĵ´֮УյѶѶô峤ʥͥһ˵ȴһ
ԪˮХǰΪ̺ſеأ⼸Ѷͷµ˷ġ
ô峤ʥͥһ˵ȵޱȣԪˮХǰΪ̺ŵأǶһ壬ȴӲǳʧ
ҵȵӭӣ֮꣡ʥͥ˵


1466 
ԪˮХǾǰҰݼҶʱ򣬶յĴ峤ʥͥŶյ峤Ϲȥ
λϣȴʥֱͥȥϵ硢׼Լ׼һЩʵġԪˮХϲʳġ
ԪˮХ壬Ȼ˵ʳҲΪϲȴϲ̺Ѫʳ
ųϳǴŶյĴ֣ȥ׽ֻΪǿȥˡ
ΪӭԪˮХڣȫܶԱǼɹġ
żλòŮ׼裬ϣԪˮХλŮͿԴߡ
飬һ֮Ϊףǰûٸɹ
˵һһλΪͻƵѹöΪֻ۷ԪˮХ˹
˵ǹ򣬾ǲ񶼿ԡ
ʵϣȴȫһ
һ˰Զˣһֻɽͻӵ֮Уֻˡ
Ը۵ĻҲͻɳ棬ͻ߶ԣȻûôأҲ˶á
֮󣬻һΪԿǿֲˮѹˣ뺣ԽԽء
ǾˮˮϵƵߣܹӰ߲Ӱ졣
κ˶޷⡣
߽֮УһʵӲԪˮХˮУȴԱǿս
һһҲ
Ȼյڲɵ嵽֮ԪˮԾ
ǶϣԪˮźܴơ
ڶϣյսǴϵĵ죬ˮޱȵĳ棬һзţܷӳǿս
ԪˮХʵǵХ츳ͨ£ԪˮХսڣ˭Ҳκβ˭
ǣԪˮŰˮ尡ˮı˵ãȻ޷ռöˮȴޱȡ
屾˵ϳ֮С
һ٣վͻޱȵĽ䱸ÿʱǸϰѪʳʱ
λڣҲֻԪˮɵѣ߶һˮûɶãˮԪˮϵһλˮһͬյѪʳˣҲûпܡ
ǶһԪˮХԭ򣬲ˣÿնϣܵñƽ
ʱһԪˮˣȻסˡ
մ峤ʥͥһ˵һ·ϣھǰԶ׷ԪˮХ
һʱһޱϵЦӭȥˮ˹Ƕҵң԰ˮˣѾڸˡ
Ҽ˵ƹ˵ձԸŰĶǰԪˮХһƵġ

ȳʥͥӦԪˮХ͸ŸǾ첽˹ȥóʥͥһ㣬һĻóʥͥ˸ӵſڽࡣ
ҲҶ滯̺Ŷƹ񣬾ȻûгӭԪˮǴ̴̵ĶھڣȺԪˮ
ǣԪˮȻûз
óʥͥһݣж̺ŵľηأԪˮХβˣ̺ŵ
ϧǣǻüԪˮãҪȻֻҪԪˮһŭǶһһջĳɡ͸ֺײժĵرҪȵļ٣ˡ
ԪˮХҶľڴӲһЦݵĳˣҶĽҪڵϴ죬ֱеĿд
Хһʥͥһ˵ʱЦӭȥŵХͷʱµĽХӭ˻ȥ
ֻҪԪˮХдˣԪˮˮǶһ岻еĵرᱩǼɡ
ңͲժĵرʱˮȼ١
һʱ֮󣬳ʥͥ峤еĹͥڣ׼õĸĿͿʼַݡ
ʳʵѪʳ衢Ůһһϳǲ
ȴһλСޱȵżǿһӾλഺŮݸʱǼֱתȦ
СΪ˺Ƕյһе̳ǶһĿܡ
֮ΪˣѡΪŮȥˡ
Ŀڶÿ궼УԪˮСԪˮµնѡòŮ衣
֮ͨˮˮͻһλŮ㣬֮󻹻ޣ뿪ʱ檡
ǰ˺ܶе飬ûе£ûֵԸϣûз֮ʹȻûоˡ
죬Ѿ˽ѡŮʱ˲Ϣ±ˡ
ȥҳ飬ɳǶ㣬ȥֻĿȥ衣
ʱ˿ֻ̣һ뷨챣ӣ
챣ǸˮǧҪѡ
ǧҪ
Ÿˣѡһûô
һɲǣ˺һֶĸо
͸ŷ죬ĿתĿŴڵΡ
ܿģϣԪˮſǰŮһЦ⣬ʥͥһҲȴԪˮѡ
ֻҪԪˮѡ񣬾ζŽ⣬ҵĹϵб֤ˣЩŮ̺ĺãΪǴĺô
Ǻǣ㣬Ȼ鴫
λСλǱߵλСɣԪˮ
һб㵽λŮɫ˲ͱòҰףڴ峤ʥͥһ˵ɱһĿ£ֻǿЦĹȥ
˺ԸİȥʱѪ̾ըţһ֮ܲС
ɻûһһĴ־סĺ󾱣á
Сӣ֪飬ǣ£ݲƻҪǻ£֪һڴ֮Ҫʿ
ȥҸط༸ҵľƣҼŵ˵һʲôʹͨȥ
Ŵ˺˳ȥУȴһ˿Ȼ
ҲͬʹΣ
гӲ¹ˣͽκΣ
Ѫŵ˺ͷ·һ˼δδɹ󣬱ֵܣѺȥ
ſң
ǷſңҪȥ
ſңǻҵֵ𣿡Ƶ˺ŭ
һֵ¶ɫһ˵˺ͺˣǾ㣬㲻Ȳģᴥŭгϣ
һ˺йƤһ㣬ڵأ
γֻǣ£Ҫʹһ֣ʵ޷ܵġʹ
һ˲䣬˺ң
ͻȻ䣬˺һŹֵͻص˺һˣ˵оĿܣ
һɲǣҵ˺͵𣬡˭


1467 ֮
Ҷľǰ˺ڵϣͣͷأĺš
ƹģ󷢴ȱȾɣ
ƹģˣ
ÿһ䣬˺ͿͷһΡ
̺ŵĵƹģ˺ͬ⣬⣬˲Ϣͳ˺ľݣٶҶľǰ
˺ʱҶѾ֪ˣҶѾʮǰҶ档
ʮǰҶ棬˺⸱ģҶʲôʣͻһڴӦ˺ͷνϾˡ
ڵҶ棬Ѿϳ࣬ѹûгӼ˺ǰ˴׷ʲô顣
ܿģӶǰʮ̽еͷ죬ͷһѶһԭίȫҶ档
˽ˡԪˮХ˶
Ҷ濴鱨Ǹһ˿Ц
£ҪܣҲһ仰飬ǣȴò֡
ȣǶյǰЭ֮ѾԼЭ飬档
ߣԪˮȻҶս꣬ɱᣬǣԪˮХҶū
ҶȻ꣬ȫԼ̤ӣҶֱȥԪˮХˣԪˮһƬô죿
ôԪˮ
Ҫǣ̺ſдڼҶ沢֦ʲôӡ
ԴϽҶǲԸֵģǴӱĽҶ滹ȫǰ˺
ǣ£Ҷ֣ʵǺܲʡ
ҶſڵѲԻرˣ̺ŴܼҸǾ
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Ҷɲ뱻ʦηɰ׸ӣ£ùˡ
ηɰԭ˪ʱͬůһųЦݣҾ˵أ˵Щ峤ǣҲ̫ˣôܽԼҺúõŮ͸̣
ҶţȻԶԡ
ʱ˵ѾշԪˮХǲǻᱻһͨ
ηɰ׵ģҶͻȻͷһ
ǰҶ治֣ʵҶʥͥǩЭԼ˲ó棬ηɰײһ
֮ͬǰһ㣬ηɰֵٴҶճͿˡ
ƹģ˺֮£֪δͨĸǾžͼ¡
ţôҲȥˣҶЩ⡣
ǣ
ƹģǵõϢ֮Ϲģ£ǽһʿĵǧѷĻᰡǾ˵ġ
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ƹģγʥͥһɳ̷ԪˮХȻ³ҲʵΣӵܣһһޱȡ
罭һ֮е̳ǾȳеһǵĿ϶ơ
ºܽԭͶԶ峤ͳϲʿһӲǵͿ̺žش
̺ڶϵʱЩʿ˸ö峤ͳ϶˵Ӱ½Ǿ˵
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ƹģ򵥣³ȥ˺˵£˲棬Ӱ죬ȥϵ˰æ˲ɳ֡
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û̫ĿǣҶ͵ͷͬ˸ǾļƻȥŰɡ
ò˵ǾµֶΣɱҶˣֱһã¥Ĵ¥
Ǿ̤ᣬߵ˺ǰĶѪߵͷ˺˼䡣
͵վ𣬳ŸǾһͷɿ˶ء
֮Ķһ꿪ʼҶľǰǼʮˣԽԽ࣬ܿư٣ǧʱĹ򣬾ۼҶǰѾˡ
˲ϢôˣҶ漫ΪԾ
ʵЩҶ沢
һ峤ͳǣеϳֶΣǹͺԪˮ飬ѪഺУǿߡ
Ľһͨ񣬾ڲͨ飬ĸ겻ĸ겻Ρ
峤ͳǽƯŮ׸Ԫˮһˮ˭˲ŭ
˭˲Թ
ܿģ˺Ĵ£յǣͷɽХһƹΪȳнã
ƹΪȳнã
ɽХҶҪŴЩȥˣǣǾȴʱסҶ棬ƹԵȣһҪ졣
ҶɻĿУǾٴγţߵ˺ǰ˵ƹǳ峤ǩһ棬ҪǸˣǾΥԼ
ҪҼƹĳ棬̺մϵ
ʱ˺Ѿˣܼң˵ôմϵ˵ô
ǾһԴҼƹĺʲôΪūΪ̶ᣬʿֻҪ̺ٵĶУҼƹľΪͷˣ

û⣬Ҽ룬Ҽ룡˺Ӧ
ʱ˵Ǽϵɽ»𺣣Ҳһüͷ
Ǿı㣬͸Ҷ괫źˣҶ߳ᣬ˺ӳһ׶
ȻҴȥҪˣ
Ƕˣû˿۸Ҳûܹ۸
Ҷ仰˵İޱȣ£˺ϵر׽ֵܴƹģҲҪҲҪ
ֻҪǷӾǾûκ⣡˵ţҶ׳ʮ׾
Ϣ֮ҶʹŽʮŶĶ󲽵ĳ
Щ˺ۼĶȻûҪȴΧˡ
Ҷ߲ܣǾļƻһ·ۼԽԽá
ûʱϵٵģȻƺƵľۼˡ
һĻҶ̾
ò˵ǾһεĶƣǶ
ֱǾƣ
󣬶Ϊһȫµ壬̺ŵľ峤޷Ӱһ塣
ǣ󲿷ֶ꣬ڶһĸ
ԪˮХỹڼҶߺƺƵ˳Ѿһ߲ľ
Ҵɳλ·һͷģǺͳʥͥһҶǩԼľųϳ
ƹģʲô˼
ɿôӵܣҪʲôһ𣿡ųϳҶ߳
ͬʱָҶ˺ŭСӣ뷭𣿶ӹؼȥҪȻͳͳؽɽȥ
ųϳһ󲿷ӵʱˣҶȴڴʱˣϣ˵ǽСӳ˺δŵϱ׸Ԫˮ
ĳΪϴصָ
һ㵣Цƹģڣ׼Ĺõģһڲ񣬾Ͳˣ
һҪأҶ۾͵
ǵƹĲԡ
ҵҪΪֵµķʿҹ˭ңҶ۾һ۾ųϳʹ󲽵ŲԶĴȥ
ߣҿ˭ң
ҶĺУųϳλͬʱӶµҶǰɻûվ鱦׹޾ʹҶԺ
¡¡
һ׹ֵɲǣй˽ߵľųϳš
Ҳҿųϳ֪ҶµҶǰʱѾ߶˻׻ȫˡ
ˣһа֮£Ϊߴصľųϳͻ鴤ŷŰ˹ȥ
⻹Ҷ¡
Ҫ֪ҶΪʱһɺ鱦׹޴߶аףͿشкڵߡ
ҶΪͻƵͨ񾳶أа׵ûһûκġ
źа׵ʱҶҪȻľųϳֱӳɻˡ
ʮͬʱӵҶ涯֡

֨
ĺͷĽͬʱǾͷ̫޵ϢֱӺʮɫ
һǴųɫа׿ʼҶзԼԼ֮ҶֻĶŶǰʮϡ
ҶĿע£ʮϵޱȵΣǿ־֮ɫ
Ͼųϻء
ҶһǰײײλļֱӽʮײһߣȵߣȥҪˣ
ʱһӵ¡˷ΧǰĴһ尲ڴǧȴɵˡ
ô죿
϶ˣǻô죿
ֻһĿҶ˺˴󲽵ĳ
ϵ£һһ꿴ҶĿ⣬Ѿóޱȣ
飡
һɲǣҶߵ̧һţ˴ţ


1468 ĺ
飡
߱ɢ䣬ľ޴ĺôڵĿɿڴĿࡣ
Ƕմ峤ʥͥҲЩ£Ѿȥֹλƹˣôأ
ҲλԪˮХǿӵһλŮ׼ǿǣͻȻϣĿⶸرͬʱƵĶ˴峤ʥͥ
ĿУʵ˼
ԪˮǱĿ⣬óʥͥشѹָҶŭƹģҪʲôҵս𣿡
ˣ̺ſǶĵģ
ָŭ֮ʣʥͥĿʾŭţƹĸȥ
ҶǷһ˿Цֻһ㽫еǵɢſֲϢа׻˻Σոձʥͥλϣʱȴס˽Ų
Ҷа׵ǿޱȵļɵ
峤⻰˵ˣЩ峤ĲԸΪԸû취ϴ󣬾ֻܹΪԼʿͷˣҶ˵
ʥͥûҶ仰ը˷ΣʲôΪֻҶϴΪʿͷǱˢ
Ϊ˵ڿǺòá
ˮ̺йԼģ룬ˮ㲻˰ɣȳʥͥ˵ҶĿ⿴ԪˮХ
Хһ䣬͵ƹģҲûΥֻ峤֮飬̺޹ذɣ
ǣ㻳еŮӣȴ̺ŶʿйأǾ̺йأ
˵ţҶ濴˫ĿɵѪ罭ȥδǿ̺ŵˣڣûܹߣ
ǣ
罭·ŭһӦһͳԪˮХ
峤ʥͥȴסˣҶҸ㣬ԪˮǶһ겻֪Ҫ˶ˡ
վסҿ˭ңʥָͥ罭ʱһŭ
ڳʥͥĻʥͥŭ֮£罭ܵվס˽Ų͹Ųӷŭ峤Ϊʲô
ΪʲôҪֹҾ㲻ȣԸ˾ȶ𣿡
峤
罭·Ѫһŭʱ˴Χ۵˹ϸ֮ɫ
Ҫǣ罭ŭ󣬼ȥԶԶΧ۵ȻҲˡ
һ𼤷֮ɫ߲֮ɫġ
Ը˶סʲô峤
òұˣҪֹô£
罭һĭӵĳʥͥ췴һ죬ˡ
ʱȻ֪˵ʲôźã˵ʲôǶԵġ
ļʶˣֹ罭µ˶С
ǲֹҲòȥ
״罭޺޵Ķһ۳ʥͥȻߵԪˮХǰһ˱ԪˮǿӵסŮ
󵨣
Ԫˮǰһ罭ŭ
¡¡
ľսĹشҶгڴһޱȵĹ켣֮Ҷǰĺ鱦׹޹⻪һͽҶга˻ȥ
ҶֻаתһȦȴڵ˶һλĻԸճϣȶˡ
ԪˮХʱ򣬷ǳϵĴһ£ŵĺ˺ü
罭û§˻ٵ˵Ҷߣȷϰȫ֮ʱͱͷʹ
ʲô룬롣
ҪҶ治ϾͻԪˮĴϡ
ʹ޹罭ܵҶǰڶ鳤罭л˾֮պ󣬱ΪЧԱ
罭˵꣬Ҷһɧһӵײײ˴ͨһܵҶǰµĵƹģȾСŮȾŮŸոʮ갡
Ҷǰ뷨һӦҲˣǸǾȴ׼ǰλӵλ̨֪ҼƹҴ峤Լһ档
Ҽƹ֮ԴӦ罭ˣҪ罭̺Ŷ˾Ͳ񡭡
Ǿ˵ôͨ͸ˣҪٲ׻ˡ
ٴͨһҶǰˣСԸֻҪܹȳС˵Ů˵ǼţСҲԸ⣡
ȻԸҾ׼Ҷ˵꣬Ǿͳһ׷
ȻҷˣǾԼˣ£Ҿ͹ܵãˮ˰ɣҶԪˮȵ
ȥԸȥ죡
ԪˮХһΰû취˭ҲҶأϷҶˢ飬Ҳϡ
Ϣ֮󣬾ӸոսԸıŮԪˮХɲǣҶ󷽾һͨɧңʮŮ޺Ҷǰͨͨһء
ҶǵһΣøǾ̣һ˵Ǿǰ;
𱬵һĻҶЩɵۣԪˮХ첻ֻѡλŮôôˣ
һʣҶ֪ǰŮ֮УͳȥŮĸĸʱȫҶǵŮӵġ
ˮˮ֮Ув̺ŵļҾ죬ӦͻҶ˵
ԪˮΣ˵һ̺ŵģȱˮȥ֮󣬻ᡭͻ
ǷǳԸַǳεģݵˡ
һɲǣҶǰǼʮŮϲǵˡŵҲ
һĹģͱ˻ĺ
⺣ХһĻմ峤ʥͥȴǳ׵±ˡ
֪ǵͳζԣǳĲãǳǳĲá
ǣԪˮˣͬˣѵ峤Ҫȥԣȥֹ
Ҫ˵ĭ¶Ҫˡ
ǣɱܵľĲԾ
£ôô̺ŵı
ǣǼɵޱȵԪˮХ̺ţ̺ŵʵķǳǿ
ĿǰΣ֮֮Σ
ХһĻУԪˮһߣȥ
Ԫˮ̤Ը˺ХĻյĶ衣ָŴڵ˴һԪˮҵĽ飬֪Ͳɼĵرʱˣ
ǣǣδẦˣ
衵һͨŭʱ͸˶ͷһˮʱͱĵޱȣϾͺ
ԣҶ΢΢һЦԪˮХıӰȵˮ̺ԪˮĵҪ㲻˰ɣӦѾͨȥ˰ɣ
ԪˮХһͣģҵХһԾŶӽ󣬷̺ĵĴֻԪˮˮ壬Բṥɧţ
ֳͣô֣󣬱֮ǰĻ쳹
ʥͥ飬ѾһƬȻ


1469 
ϷĺףȺ˰ԪˮХҶæӭȥϡ
Ҷ˵ͷԪˮХ£ĲҺ⡣
Ԫˮ˵ĻڴڵַӦʵȫǸǾͰźãҶ潻ԪˮģҪȻԪˮϵǡô
ȻаţԪˮϷˮ׼ߵģҶ潻飬ǺĵģҲҶרŹһ˵ԭ
ֻҪͺáԪˮХʵҲΣСƣΣ
룬ٺòĲģҶӳһС
лϣ
ԪˮХ˵Ÿлȴû̫ĲҶϵʹͣжã
ҲԵʵʡ
һɲǣԪˮХһƷ鵤ʮţ
̧ͷҶĿ⣬˲Ϣͱ֮ǰȫһ
鵤κˣǷǳϡȱԴͲƸЩˮд֮ˮˮ֮λҪԭˮԳȶĻ鵤
ÿʮϽɹһΣֻҪϽĿﵽҪ󣬾ͿԻһٿƷ鵤Ľ
Ԫˮ֮ʥˮҪһЩÿζϽһ֣ܴõٿҵƷ鵤
ǣʮһβе밡ٿƷ鵤ˮĶóһֽ¡
֮ǰûΪΪ̫٣ˮһҲֻһƷ鵤ĸ
ɼжϡƷ鵤
ڣҶ־͸ʮƷ鵤൱һǧƷ鵤㶥δʮõƷ鵤
δʮҪӱһǧƷ鵤ȴҪһֵԴˮ
ڣҶһϷͻʹ͡
У
ͻȻ䣬ԪˮХģҶ£ƺҲǲѡ˺ˬϣɲ
лϣϵ¾ǸҲǣϲԪˮ̬ġ
İ£ٲĺôЩһЩ̺ŵĴֻĺڲ桢ժĵرǵɳֽţ򲻿ɹɧǣǳ£Ψʣһ䣬ҶѾޱȡ
ϷģԲκβӵģԪˮظ֤
Ҷʹ͹̬Ѿ˼ı仯֮ǰֻȴһ뽫á
̬£ĽȻֲһ
״Ҷĵ˵ͷĿġ
ΪҶԿԪˮ꣬Ԫˮ£ǣԪˮȴԱӦ˳ӣԴǲϡ
Ҫģȴǲеģ˿͡ط֮⣬Ҫģ档
ͬܵһ㣬ΪŴܵԣŻ᳹׵ִдܵɷ
Ǵûԣûúȣ˾ˡ
ʵҶ͵ҪԣŰɣԪˮı֣پͲ
ҶԪˮϵ֣ȴڼ
һεֵص㣬ѾӶմ峤ʥͥĹת˶̺ǰ
ǰѹѹӿͷһȿֺ̺Ŷ
ȺУͷ׷ϺʮĶͯ฾ˡ
ǵ罭ЩȼҾİҪȻﵽʮˣǶһʮ֮һ˿ˡ
Щ˵ĿȣЩյ峤ϵˣҲס
ηɰȴǷˡ
̺Ŷ˧Ҷ浣Σƹϸģȴηɰס
ΪҶļƻУԺͻύηɰ򣬴ƽͨȶ֮ҶģںĴ½ϡ
ǰļƻǧΪ֮ڣӵˣ֮еʮҡ
ʱǰмƻҲû⣬ǣǰʮ֮У붼ٵꡢˡϺôн֮У
ǣǰò׵飬ȴȥ
ηɰ÷ѶҶηɰ׵ĸǾ͵Եˣ±ǡ
ֻǸͷѣսˣģϸϸĽķ˺Ӹˣŵϣпڼѹ޷ǡ
ǽֻҪǣЩ˾͵˶һ壬̺ţȹ¸ƹǼкֵЧյ峤ͳǵû˻ˡǾ˵
֮ηɰ׽Ǿ˵ԭⲻĸҶ棬Ҷжض˼ҡ
ҿԱֱ¥ĸǾġ
¥˴¥Ǿ治Ǵġ
ֻǽ罭ôһżȻⷢӣ߽˳ʥͥ峤϶˵Ŀһʮ֮һ˼̺ŷ
ôȹǼ÷ӳҶƣûаҲ߰ʮٴμ̺ŷ
ǾŵǼ֣ǱȻɹġ
磬Ѿ̺ŷ˵Ĺ̺ų桢ɼĵرҶѾԪˮˣʱ϶ûС
෴ģûй̺ĵˣǾļƻԪˮХµˮ壬϶صչˡ
ʣʱ϶ʧء
ϣȱˡ
ңû˵ƣǾҲᰲ˵ߵĲࡣ
òһµʱ䣬⵱еĲ˾ͻῴ̺ŵĴֻˮҵģˮȴǴΧ˲أôѡѾ˽ˡ
ʱֻһ˿źż̺ŷ
Ǿİţһ֮ԪˮХὫˮڰˮյĻߵ˴ĵͻҶ棬ʱˢһС߳
£ò˼꣬ϵ֧壬ͻ᳹׵ĳΪ̺ŵ˽˽˲塣
ֶΣǾˡ
Ϣľư
ʥͥ˿ˣΣ
ֻĿһļ̺ŷ
ǾıֵҶҲǵսľ
ʵ罭飬Ҷ浱ʱҲһЩ뷨ûиǾİôܣЧǸ˵
ԭƻʮɵ飬ǾڶʱڽһССˣǴ󹦡
ҶģҪ͸Ǿ
ȻʹҲжȣ߶ԣõʹ;֮ԪˮХһҲʮƷ鵤
ҶոǾʹ֮ʣڵĺͻһ䣬һ仰ˣдԱûĻҵĻڴϡǴ͡
ҵԳӭҶкһʹŸոʹ͵ĸǾӭ˹ȥ˼һ£Ҷֽηɰס


1470 
ʱĸ£ҶٴμΡ߸ķ١װȹǸ߹¶ࡣ
ҶǣƮͷĵһʱ䣬Ŀηɰ׾һ
ηɰǷ·ǧѩһʣһʱ˻ʣ˵Ϊ޴󣬵Ⲣ˽
ܿģӭӻ飬ûҶʲôˣηɰһ·ͬҶ棬黪ӵ͡
һΣһλж̣ͱһδˣһֻʱ´ûϵĴ㡣
һΣԱУ͸ߴϰˣŮԼĪʮңʣµģȫǻ
ʮ֮УʮȫߣʮȴǽĴڣⲢȫٻǧߡ
Ҷͷܴ·ʱ򣬾һĻȻôƵطҲֵõԵأ
һ˳֣ʱܹŪ
Ļû˵꣬ͱͷĹܼһҸݺݵĵһۣʣµĻ̻˶
ƹģǸ±ߵû¡
Ǻǣ޷
Ҷ治ɫӦһ䣬ûЩ⡣
ʵǣҲЩˣϾȻûнǿ
һûǿػУǰٺãҲǿġ
ƹģӦһҼҵһʮҶԳ̺ǰμӶпд䣬٣ǾͿˡҵݸҶһ
ҶȻ׻ҵ˼ӹ嵥ݸ壬̺Ŷġ
ʵڴ֮ǰҶѾͨŴƹԳеõһ̼鱨
ҶԸϵЩ̼ҡ
пгڣģ˸̫û취Ҷǣһ޷Խ⡣
ûнǿ
һ޷⣬Ҷʱ̺ŵŪĺܴ󣬵ûнǿӣȴʵ
ǿдʱҲûнǿ߳ͺˡ
ǽģĺܴ·
ǣ𿴱һź󣬿ȫѪܵġ
ҵϵ飬ϸҶ治̸ȷ֮ȫǽǾҶǰضҲЩġ
֮󣬶ǻ̼½ҡ
ڶ죬Ҳ뿪дǰһ죬ʮ߼̺ţУңʮһ̺УһҶķرӪĹٷ̺ţʮңԪ¡ʥˮϵСϵ̼ҡ
ֵģȴǿд䵱ʱ֡
õϢ߽ӻ֪ͨԪ¡ʥˮܱߵĸǿ׷ǰأ峤ʥͥˣҲܵ롣
ܿģҲ֪Ļ⣬йض̺ʵۣ֮з
̺ŵĹ滮ȥ⿪дҲģʵȥô
ֹǲôֱҼʵĿе̺ˣ˵ʵ̺ţҪһƬУʱô¶֪
ϾǱҲǿȥ￪̺ţ̫ûȫˣ˵ͻᱻǿһɨ⡣
һ̺ŵƹ۷׷ף֮󣬼᳡ˮܱߵһЩĿ׷ױ
Ҷ氲ڹϯĻҶ棬˵ʵΪֹûп̺űصʵ
ʵ̺ţǲô
ƹģǸǻһֱûɿڣ̺ŵ˼ڶ̺ţֻǺֻͨΪվһСģ̺ţֻפһǿ߻̺ųԱ
ƹǼɳΪǵҪܸߣפǿ߶ʮĻҪɹɷݡ
ɹɷݡ
ҶޱҡҡͷΪʵԭһֱҿԺ̺ţѰʵԴҲ˸һ۵׼
ɹɷݣǶ֮һĲƸδ棬δһޱӴ֡
ʵǳҶǵԤڡ
Ȼ޷ѰҺôִеɡҶ洫
ԣǾɫһ䣬ƹģٲǿǣѪûзչǱķ
ȥ̼ѰЩ̼ҵľô룿
ʨӴ󿪿ڣǽܾͰǿϮɣ
ңһ٣ٶѰǸʾʲô𣿡
һжѣƴˣһǣԴҶ飬رһ
Ǿĵ˵ͷϢ֮󣬵õĴ͡Ķ䣬ٴμٵĲ
һľڣô͡츳ͨϢѶҪ࣬ӵĿ١ֱӺͰȫ
̺ǰһٶλǵǧλڲ̨ϳŲ㣬ȴżʱĵ
ͻȻ䣬Զĺ͵һи֪Ļ;ޱȵĿ˷ĺ
ϣƹģ쿴ĺѾθߵ˰ңƺˮ¡
һڳĺ̻ƹڣͬʱԶ
Զֻƽذθ˰ףٵŶƽθߵĺ֮Уˮ֡
˵ɫΪ֮һ䣬пŵ죬ˮǰ£ɲǺͷ
ң˵ǰ̺ʵʵ̫ˣܱߵˮ嶼㲻ôУ
ˮϮƹģ̺ſӦ֮
ƹģܱߵˮ嶼㲻̺ţ治￪ˡǰЭ飬ǩؼ̺ţ
λ԰̺꣬ŲţС£ûģƹĸǾͣѹûţһһ
ۿĺ˿Ҫ϶ˣյĴ峤ʥͥסˡ
Ԫˮ֪ܱߵʥˮͻˮͲ֪
ǴϮһùģǶһ塣
ʱ˶ĿתĶ˷캣ˡ
ЩˮĴΧǾԻڵһʱ뿪ˣôǡ

ͻأģߴ׵캣϶ͷʱͻȻɢȥһͷ˫ǣ޴ɫˮ֮а׳˻˻Уʱꡣ
ΣﰵԴ˸ͻͻ
ϾܹѪӦĽȻֻ۷Ϊս˸С
ɫ˻Уĺ֮УͻȻ両ʮֻеˮŭ
ˮˮΪ̺ſкء
ͬһɲǣϷˮҲؽͣһ;޴׳ĳҶķ˴֣ʥˮˮΪ̺ſкء
ԪˮˮХΪ̺ſкأ
һɲǣҡÿʮˮͳһŭ쳹ˣ̺Ź˵ȶĤۣµİɢҲ˰ҶĿòһˡ
̺ܹøˮأⲢϡ棬ϣÿп֮ʣⶼǱ䣬ǻ첻õġ
ǣ̺㣬ˮžʮǰأѾһˡ
ѾǵˣǱݻˡ
Ҫǣˮµˮݣͬһ㡣
˵ԪˮХʵǿµˮݷһ㣬ڻֻҪλкҵǿ߳ɱһʱܹܡ
ǣʥˮˮˮʵȻһ㣬ǾݣȴԪˮҪǿ
侹Ȼһнֹ磬ҿˮִ࣬伫Ϊ
Ķ飬ǽǿҲҪС
ʵ֪ǣԪˮХµˮѾǱƺʥѵµĳɹˡ
ѵ֮ǰЩһ˵нֹ鶼վ֮ǰѾöˡ
ӽ𣬷̺ĵĸɫֻڱˮĻˮˮͨ裬̲飬ΣգˮˮȡԴˣΪпкأ
𣬷̺ĵĸɫֻڱˮʥˮˮͨ裬̲飬ΣգˮˮȡԴˣΪпкأ
𣬷̺ĵĸɫֻڱˮԪˮˮͨ裬̲飬ΣգˮˮȣԴˣΪпкأ
λˮΪ֮һ䣬̺ŵʵƺǱôá
ܹˮˮͷ̺ŵıӦûнǿп
Ҫĳϣȴ޽ǿ߳棬Ǳԭ򣬾ֵ˼ˣʱ뷨
ȻλˮֵĳҲ˳ɺáϯУһλԲĺ̤Ҷڵ̨
ƽ½дװ򣬸ӽƽ½ԸפʮֽפΪбݻԴΪ뻻аɸɹɣΣƽ½ްںУһ̽񵥣


1471 Ѫɫ
ƽ½ްǰޱȵʱеĿͬʱһ׷׼еҶϡ
ֳգҲһɲǱù
ްһ仰ͽˮ̺ų˴벻˵ɹĽ˵˼һ򡪡̺ŵʵΣ
ӹ̽񵥵ʱ򣬴ܼҸǾԭϲѾľȻûκα顣
ǾϲŭɫıļһﶼһĲˬ֪ްԵжˡ
ƹģƽ½ްԵ񵥣㿴ǾûĲͻٽ񵥵ݸҶ棬ԸҶȡµʱ䡣
ҪްԵҪ̫ˡ
ʮλߵػΪĿҪеİɸɹɣڱ̺̽ŵʵ
̺ͬ⣬ܱӵнǿߵЩѧŶҧһڡ
ʵƱ˳õķ¸ֶΣһҶЭôͻĶǡ
ƽ½ްԱֻҪ֣ͿЮʱ򣬾Ϳһľ̶С
Ҷܾôͺܼ򵥣Ҳǿд֮󣬸ոտŵĶоֱʮλǿߵĽˡ
ҶܹǼɵ
Ҫǣ£ֻԵֱӵķЧġ
ֶΣҶԳֶýֻôüȺֶεȵȣûЧ
֮ƽ½ްһ仰ͽոտŵĶƵΣյľϡ
ҲһãҪŴ󼪡
һ£Ҫɹɷ飬˽½еģƽ½ްԣȴֱֱڿдϰ˳
ˣ¿ɲҪɹô򵥣Ŀġ
˭
ҶĿڳɨһȦͷһ
̺ڶпУһвݴܱԹ޳ˮܱߵĴڣҪе棬ôҲǿǰ߷Ż֡
ǰλֱн̺Ķб˼
Ӧλˡ
ЩͷֻҶԺһɲǼӿֵͷѣҶĶȴûκͣ͡
µĴϣֻҪκβأд֮鷳
߰ˣ߶ˣǺǣ߹Ҳ̺ţ
߹˵̺ţ̺ΪūΪͣҲֵɸɹۡЦţƽ½ްԣҶһһµ˺̽񵥡
ŻЦƽ½ްԣһʱͿѿޱȡ
ͬһɲǣǣҲòޱȡ
ڣǶû뵽ҶӦԾȻ˵ļңȻѹһ˵硣
ϧǣǶ֪ҶѹҲһˡ
ƹǿƽ½ȺٲãҪݷһµƹ񡣡˵꣬ްת뿪

Ҷ涸߳
ôţƽ½ްԶػĿⶢҶ棬ѵƹĸıˣ
ˣλ̽Ҹ㣬ƽ½ĵϸѾˡ͡ɺŤɵҶĶ䡣
ƽ½ʵһѣλԪˮڵˮĽ֮ܵĵؽ磬࣬нǿʮˣųƽ½ʮʵƽ½ʮˡ
ްԣƽ½ʮϴƽؽ̴ֶޱȵײУܱߴСսɱѣԪˮڹҴСУÿһƽ½ʮթ
õ鱨Ҷд󶨡
Ȼʮ̽鱨ϵݴʱֶ̣ı඼֪ݵϸ鱨
ްԷ֮ʣҶ¹̵̽ʱƽ½ĵϸ
̽ȻҲԪˮХȫϵԵʣҪȻҲ˿١
ƽ½ϸҶ洦ͿԳ׵ķſֽš
ı⣿ҶǸֳһ˿Ц޴ͷĿԼˣ
޴ͷĿĸ֣ް˫Ŀһʵʵ׹⡣
޴ͷĿ̺ŽеĿдϸôһ뿪ʵ˵ȥɣҶЦ

Ҫʲôƽ½ްԶЦ˵ƹҪĳֵǣھͿԸƹһ
ԣҶȴǻҡҡͷֵǣҪǸ£ұȻҪǸһ޴ͷĿµȣҪ޴ͷĿˣ
ޣ
ް¶ζЦݣƹ˼Ҫĳඣ
һɲǣް˫һţǿޱȵϢس𣬾ǳһɢ˷
ʵʵϢǫ̨̃ķѡǱײĲԶ
ǵƹ˼Ǿԣްǳһ˿Ц
һĻȴҶҡͷúõĿд䣬Ӳˣڣʽͼ󼪴
ɫϲɫǽ죬̺žͽ޴ͷĿѪһãΪ̺ſɫɭȻɱҶбųҶĿ⣬ֻǿһۡ
ѪһãްЦҲÿûǡ
ͻأģްǰѿһ죬ɲɵģѷǡλްԵľ
ͣ
ͻأֵƣͷ·һһ㣬ϢĸްԵĲӣǻѪ·Ȫˮһ쭶


1472 ķ
̵Ѫ͵ðţͷ·һѪɫ̻һ㣬Ϊ̺Ŷɫ
йǰһĻˡ
֪£κ̼̬ǿӲȴ̼̺ǿӲ
նɱѷߣѪΪдɫ
ǿӲֶΣֻ˵һ顪̺ŵĵ㣬ǳ㣡
ҶҪЧǣ˵Ŀ⣬ȴڸɵƽ½ްԵϬޱȵֶϡ
ռͨ
ǳǿĿռͨ
еǡ
۷׷׵ʱްԵԴͻȻըһǿޱȵ궸ضݳһ󼲶ݵͬʱһޱȵָҶ
һҵˣ̺ˣţһ˻̤ƽ̺ţްһ߷һŭ
ҶǶظһ˿ЦΪ㻹ߵ𣿡
鱦׹޶شҶԺɳڳҡа׵Ϣص
ް۾һ˲ɴ󵽼£ֵļ
Ӧģǹһ
һɲǣްԵ꣬ûаǹ֮У׵Ļɢ
аף
Ȼаף
Ҷһ֣ʱڳУҲһ˿
аױͷͬһ㣬֮£ܹܣаף¾ǽǿߣӲҲޱȵĳ
ʱдǣͷ׷¼̺ŵʵ
һͨ񾳶صĶƹ񣬾ӵ˾˵ʵôô̺ŵıǾԲˡ
ͬʱͻһ󲨶һƼеͻأĴҶңңһݣƹģµѲƽ½ްһͬǰĽӣӶݣǷ׷ɱ
ȥɣҶĻ˻֡

һɲǣĪĲһ£ոѲ񽫷İƾʧ
ɲǼ䣬ٴξЩʶ
Ѳ񽫣
Ѳ񽫣
߶ĸֵʱ򣬲Ӿһˢˢĸо
ʵǣѲĸִ壬ֲ̫
Ѳ񽫵ѵʲôܣֻżָѲռͨط
ԣĿǰϣֻдӵѲԡѲ񽫡
ܹѵѲԣѲԵΪҲǳĻ⵼˴ѲĿĶ࣬ǾӢѲĿȴǳ١
Ѳ£ӢѲҲ԰ΪλģѲ񽫸ϡжƽصļ㣬ԸλΪλġ
Ѳ񽫵ĿռͨΪͻƵ˽Ѳ񽫣û˯оͿϢȡԴ
ΪҪǣռͨǿӷģǿѿĿռǰʲôöûá
ǰӦռ䲨㿪ռѷķΧֻߣӵǿ鱦
ֻҪûǿ鱦ֻҪлᣬ۷ĴڶбѲնɱĿܡ
ϣûԸӵнΪѲ񽫵Ͼ˭ҲԸҹҹĴ߶ӦΧա
˼ɱԸˡ
ʱڳ֮ͱòһˣҶĿȻޱȡ
ӵѲ񽫲һλѲ˹ˣײǡ
ƾһ㣬ͿƶҶԴܵ۹ĳλǿҵӵܣһǳֿȵ֡
һ壬ûָʹߺѲ񽫵
ǿѲ˾Ĵ˾춼ı
Ȼ̺ǿıô̺ŵδǰ϶ˡ
ڰȫһλѲκ˸֮ǰ͵ȿǿˡ
Ѳǿ󵽽޵У෴ģѲ񽫵ս̫ǿ
ӲⶨҲͱͬǿѡ
ǣֻǧûǧշĵ
ûɱѲ񽫣ôȥ֮˯ұۡ
ӰȥĴɱѲ񽫵ĿֶΡ
˵ˣ˼ܹһλѲ񽫣ǱĽǿߣٵˣ
뷨ԪˮХʥͥˣҲޱȵ𾪡
ԪˮХʶԸĲӣҿҪȻԵģɾ߶ޱͷʹѲˡ
ʥͥȴޱȵĿɬӵģȴҪҶĴܼҸǾȺйʿ졢ĸˡ
ǱΪˮҶյˣû뵽ҶϢľһнǿ߼ɵޱȵѲ񽫡
ҿģѲ񽫶Ҷ湧ޱȡ
ʵĽ֮࣬Ҷδҵǰӵˡ
ͬʱлһ⡪Ҷ浽׻жǲ֪ĺ֣
Ҳ˾ͬʱгһ΢ɲĲѲ񽫷İӰٴγУУȴѾѪܵͷ
飡
Ѫܵͷ׹䣬ڵˤķѣһһġ
ˣƽ½Ѿɱĩ
Ҷ治ɫĵ˵ͷѲɡ

̵ĶԻЩǿҶĿٴαĲһ̺ŵʵ治һ㰡
ƹģϷ̺ŵĶƹ񣬽ΪпкأرһݣƹЦɣ
⣬ҼҶʱһҪڶȡһ̺ţƹӦʡ
ԣҶϲϵģȴǲɫøǾӹ񵥣Ҳûʹֵƹˣ̺ŻҪлڶ⿪ŵ̺ţƹĿѡ
һŷӦУǸոտеУ˿λΪӰ֮һ
ǰ̺ʵãȴһ磬Ǹ̺ŵƹŷӦ
֣ܹõĻƽλð
һʱ䣬׷׻𼱻ǵ񵥣׷׳ȡ̺ţһӾǰĴܼҸǾæĲɿʿҲҪǰ֡
ĪĪŵ̺Ź࣬λȴ֮򣡡
ţÿһţɰȺ˳ѡһ̣

űΧһŵĸǾҶһ
⿪д䣬治ɡ
˿̺űǿʵۺ񣬿˭֪Ҷ澡еܹչʾȫչʾˣŸЧ
ˮ˵˵İҲҶӱġ
İԭ۷ΪȻҲѲ񽫣Ѳ񽫣ǲࡣ
ؿͻѣ޿ռͨѲϼѣѲ˾Ѳ񽫵֪ˡ
Ҷʹ͵ٿİһǰ˳ͻƵ˽ʽ̤ǿޱͷʹĽѲ񽫵С
γﱸд䣬Ҷ⽫İ˹Ⱥװװţƣʢ
ֻ˵д˳ɹҶ֮ǰһгﻮֵõġ
д󼪣


1473 Ӳ֤
һ£ޱȵ֣ƵĴϲķѶ⻪ըͣ
ſ̺űֳǿ󱳾ǿʵ˸̺ŵǵ㵣ģ׷ڶõ濪š
ϣص̺Ŷڶһǵ濪˷ֺš
˵ģҲģпгڣ𲢲ССͶһѣռһƽ棬ֻҪвڶʱڵգǾͲⱾ
ֻҪɫǾܹ׬һʡ
ԣԶпֱʣķص̺ţˮĺֻҪеƵģõ̿һҷֺš
ߴ̺ţϻԸܹʮҷֺţˮܱߵС̺ʮңܱߺԼԼҵ̺ţܵģ̶̰ڣϾͿ˽ʮ̺š
⻹㣬λ۹Ѿڶ̶̼һһ¥ŮӣڵϿҾ¥¥ϵҹͻȻͱ÷ḻ
ͬʱָĳ̺֮ĵҡжʼｨ
һɷپ
ȻЩ˾̺ҲǾĽ飬κˣĿǰĴ˻ڣõĵֻǩһĺԼں󣬿ԼȨǽڣȴһһ̸֮󣬿һ̸
⣬һ֮󣬵ϵ̺žҪɹѡΰάַѵȵһЩӷˣЩϸҶȫ˸Ǿȥ
ҶԸȴֵУæ͵е
Ҳ£̺һųݾһա
Ӧ˵ݣһ֮ڷųģ̺Ϊ̼׼Ļ
óĵһ죬ͱڵʮһ̼ҸˣһÿһƷʯĸ߼ۣ⻹Ϊ˸л˽¶۸һݡ
˳֮⣬ʯֺĴ½ϡȱĵرϰֺĴ½Ƚĵرͳͳۡ
Ǿ۲ԣ˳֮⣬ְʯڵĺĴ½ϡȱĵرó٣ʯóһ֮⣬ֵԺԲơ
ǾԣгԭȱԴһģӿ룬ôƱ۸ѩ
Ϊ˱һֳõҲӿ۸ѩ
ǾԣҲոտУҪһԶĸ̼ң̺ÿ»ڶзųһݣ٣ҪгķӦ
꣬һ꣬ʱ̱гܱ
ȫԼʮʮ֮䣬һĲȫ
ǣȴһҲ١
ңǾԣÿһηۣЩ̼ҶˣķЧӦ޷ơ
ݵһҩĿ棬Ҷȫ˾ʥƹܣǾÿȡۡ
ô٣ҶȴܣҶԺֻһĴΣеĽΣ㳹׵˦ƹ
ҹĻ٣ٴʵ֮УҶĿ⣬ȴԶ˶ġ
ȻҵĴ£Ǿݹˡʱ˽ˡ
һҶζƾʧ
ĵĶ嶥һµľҴܱ߼껨ݣԵ쳣
ľľʱʱȴ˵ͳ
ڣ̶̰µʱ䣬˼Ѿʮˣһ˿ڣ罭ĹĶ£˷
ЩˣѾָӲ̺ŵƣеĳ϶ˡ
ȥǶһ壬¾ͻᱻ̸̺ɸɾǴ峤ʥͥ
ߣϷγ֪ǣԸͷʡʡԸ˵Ķס£סպվ㲻̺УҲʧڵ̺ŵС
ҲЩ꣬ɵʲô飿
ʯúôһһΪ˳ͷʱȴܵһһ죡սĽǿ߳ŭ
ʥͥһ߲ѣڣһô㱾Ǯʲô˼ƴ
û£ѵѪҲûǵѹˣʲôŭ
һ𣬳ʥͥҲҲҶԣΣȳջˣŵڣˣǸģҲҪʱ䣬һȲûӦԵֶΣһֱݾǰ

ճ̾һ˻֣ȥɣϷ롣
ʥͥ뿪һڳյǣȴһ˿Ц˭˵ûʹֶΣֻǡ
˭
Ц䣬յһ͵վ𣬿ſڡ
Ҷվſңң֡
ƹģҶ棬յͱޱȵɻʵסҶʱľ֮ʲôġ
ҲǻϺ꣬Ӧ֮еģƹܹ٣ϷªԣϷһ裬Դ͡
Ͳˣҽ£Ҫ̸̸Ҷ淴Ϊ˾еһϱߡ
ɻ֮ɫʱҲʵò׼Ҷʲôġ
һ£ʵҲʲô£ǰЩǰڿдµްƽ½ʮĳ׷ɱһ
գնɱƽ½ʮеλˣɢ񣬿ΪһԵһԵƽ½ʮѾɢҶ˵
д֮Ҷ÷İǰƽ½ɱˣԾ󻼣ЩһﷴӦ̫ˣİֻɵˣõϢʧӰ١
ҵǣ鱨ƽ½ʮǱǼˣʮֻХ۶ԱЩ̼ңһбʣɢ
ҪȻзİڣʰǣҲǳѡ
ɢյôһ˿ȻܿͻָƹģǡֶΡ
ǺǣֶαĽ赶ɱ˵ֶΣǲԶˡҶЦ
ԣɫһ䣬ƹ˵ʲôϷôף
ף
ҶǶظһ˿Ц׵Ľɣƽ½ʮĴͷĿްԣǲԵ޹ʵĵ̺ŷѰɣ
ްԣ
üͷһ壬ƹģ⻰Ӻ̸ϷҹҹڶǱޣѹͲʶʲôްԣˡ
ƹĲҪŪĪеͷɣ
ǳްһƣǽԸƲĸɸɾϧ£֤ݡ
ҶЦҡҡͷϵһ㡣
㡭
Ծĳ䣬͵ر
Ҳһɲǣһ˿ֲޱȵĿռ䲨ڳڵλ𣬺óɫ䣬ˡ
һѪɫâޱߵɷֱĳ˳Ҷͬʱ𣬡ǳʱͻԹԵվԭز
һɲǣңѪɫʣ


1474 ǿߵ
ʵдƽ½ްԸµ죬Ҷͻɹһλڡ
Ҷʱ䲻ܱߵˮȫԼˣԹľֻжһˡ
ʱҶ沢ȷֻǻɡ
ºڶ죬ҶѲ̽ȫйƽ½ʮһ鱨
ƽ½ʮХһһϲҽɱ˷ŻĶǿߣƽصĳѿǣΪ˲ƸȴֶΡ
ƽ½ʮַͬƽ½ܱﷶΧڣռаɵɲȵĸɹɣÿ
Ҷݵ鱨оǵֶΣϣҪɹɵ飬ʮʵȶԷͳֺĸɹɣңĶΪ͵Ρ
ûԸԸκһҡ
ôƽ½ްԵҪɹɣѾڶȡˣΪͻö̥С
һ޳Թްôֵãʮа˾ţ
ƶҶȷǶһڸˣңʸƽ½ʮްԽ׵ģҲֻжյλڡ
ֻҶƶϣû֤ݣѾ㹻ˡ
ҵĳڳգҶȴһ˷ܡ
һλĴڰ
ǰλգսĵһλĴڣİҲ㣬İս֮ʱֻ۷Ϊ
Ҷķ̵ǣλյڳջʥͥûѪԣû˿Ϊ˳ͷ
ʵҶģƺյ峤ǣһԣֳϰ˰ɣǰյʵҲһ
ýصǿһλҶħ˧Ѳ񽫷İ˵Ϣͬʱͳ׵ˡ
ȻҲǵѡڷİħ˧˵Ϣ£ջûκη̵Ŀܡ
һޱȵͨͨûκĿܡ
ſɣӴ֮ηɰףҸұ֤˳֮õԴûʲôõڵ
Ƕһ壬ֻҪҲϾɱǴôҶ˵
ȴƤӣҧ촽˵
ҶĻʵΨһѡ񣬳
˵ʵڵģƴҲûκλ·˵ħ˧Ѳ񽫣ǰҶаףһǾ͹ܵġ
ƷϢ߲ͣĿռ䲨ûκġ
˳Ҷ棬ƺΨһѡ񣬵ǣȴǸ
ǿߵϣʵûй˳Ҷֲ
ţǹ˳ңúЧĻԺÿ鵤Ŀ˵ţҶӳʮƷ鵤
ǿ߶ڵҶԣ̫ҪˣãԣǵǿߵӣҶ滹ֆһ
һɲǣտҶ涪ȥʮƷ鵤͵شһ£ȻϲޱȵĶҶ˻棿
ÿ궼ġһ鵤
ĳ˵ԣҶ˵
ãˣҹ˳Σ˵ţһۣͳ׵ķſꡣ
֮ս˳Ҷ棬˼䣬¶˾ޱȵ顣
ҶҲû뵽鵤ڱ֮Ū
ںĴ½ڴܣһƷʯԶһһƷ鵤⵽˺ϣ۸ʱͻᷭһ
Ʒ鵤һ龧ܹõġ
֮Уеˮˮǣѹ
óȥһܹŪƷ鵤һǧңڵʮϡ峤μ̳ˡصĸַһ֣ڿԶüţһе಻һٿƷ鵤һµġ
ҶóʮƷ鵤ͳ˴ֱʡ
ԴǰǵĽǿȻͲˡ
շ˳գҶͷ󶨣£˷İ֮⣬һλõóֵĽǿˡ
ԳսصΪҶһƷٲãӲصǿ߲⡣
ʱţڶп˷ֺŵ̺ƹǣ˷ֺƹһڹִ֮½뿪ˡ
ʮһλ̼ңȴû뿪Щ˵ļƻܼ򵥣ȻˣʱҲˣôɴٵһ£̺¸µĳˣһ֮뿪
һ㣬ҶޱȵĻӭֻҪǴڶÿԺģԶԣһ룬˵ųɶ͡
Щڶʱ򣬸ǾҲһһҵİݷãؿͬʱҲռſõ鱨
ηɰҶηɰ˳йСʱ򣬻ĻشȴҶηɰޱȵĳԾ


1475 
ԣɫ壬ʮа˾ţӵ̫Ѫ壬ң֮гֱӸƿսӦӵе̫塣
ңֱӸƿʵֻеǿ߲пӵǿޱȵηɰ׵֮󣬻˴𰸡
Ҷüͷ͵һĳ
µлҪǿʵһ㣬Ҷ׼
˵ʵôʱ䣬˵ɫ⣬ɫⶼΪټ
ӵɫ⣬Բ
ֻƶϳЩ𣿡ηɰüţ㣬޷˽ΧСҳһֿ̫С𣿡
һµʱڣηɰ뻪Ѿķǳ죬˽á
ʸ߹¹㣬ηɰӢˣɱϣƽŮȺҵͬ࣬Ҳҵ֪
ɰףǽ㲻㣬ʵҪΪ𣬻˻αɫƣһ
磬ֺֹ磿
ĴһС磬˵ңǴλųǰ֪ʮ֪꣬ǧǼҲ޷׼ȷ˵ϣӵжС硣˵
ǼЩ׵ηɰ׿Ҷ棬ǵһ֡
ʵҶҲǵһ֣Щ飬ȴš
ԵӦþǴ˵еǼϵǼɡ
Ҷ濴仰ȴڻش⣬Ҳ֮̽ӣ̽Ҷȷе
ҶҲӻ磬ֻǰԴηɰף׷ʡ
㣬һˣô𣿡ηɰʵ
ֹѰɰף֮ж٣ҪСγйϵСγַʽ
һشɵС磬ԴḻΪ֣̫ࡣ
С磬ҪɵڶַʽɡһЩΪǿǿԳһ磬ȻԶطĹɡ
СģĿѹ޷ͳơ˵̫ΪΪﵽǿж٣ôСж٣˵˭֪׼ȷĿ
ηɰ¶Ȼ֮ɫҲǾĴ̫ˣæȻҲûϣҪϢ̫ˡ
ԣڵУӵɫ⣬пƿս˵ĵô֮У;ԲǼ֮
κһչС磬޷ɳǿߵģӵеǿߵ̫壬ضҪзһ
һ죬ǵĿܣ
ңϽֻҪǴﵽͬĸ߶ȣǾͱȻǡ
ΪʵλͬȦӣҲͬģʵﲻ;޷һǿߵȦӡ˵
ҶͻȻɢһ仰ͻȻҶ޵ġ
Ҷ㱳ʱ޷ҵ£ôֻҪҶΪʵϳɳһ죬лõĲµ䡣
ڣҶֻϣһ첻Ҫ̫
ͬʱΪһ첻Ҫ̫ҶҪٵΪ
Ϊ£Ҷһʱ䣬С
СΪҶԭҶͬѪͬԴӵе츳ҶҲͼӵӵˡ
ҶΪСԳȡ˵תΪתҶ棬ҶΪͻͽ
ҶΪ½Ĵ½֮𣬶Ա֮£ĸ£۵Ƶٶޱȡ
ͻĵ۹ˣΪĽȴǸϡ
ǣСѣôͿԽСİ£ҶΪԷһ
ǰǣСѡ
ǱܵģҶĿͿ˻£ķϢ㣬ĳ򳤾´һ飬нĳл
Ҷ˵֣أæֵƹ뽲
¿֪ܹ챾Դãĳл
Ҷ˵꣬ͿЦƹĻ治һˣʵ⣬һһѡ
̣̤ǧɽˮʶĹ㣬һ˻ûܹѵס⣬ǵƹߣȴǽס˳Ρ
ԣҶȴһʧô˵Ҳǲ֪ˣ
ܹ챾Դޱȵ̶ȣ͸鱦࣬ĳЩʱ鱦ҪҪһ֣ͻȷѪ꣬ǿ֣߳£Ϣײй¶
ǵƹѰҲûϣ˵
ԣҶ͵վһϲĵ볤´ͽ̡
ܹ챾ԴҪ򵽻ҵټԲУУһ˵ļٻ
ҪѰֻܴһ֡˵
ĸ򣿡Ҷʵ
أ
ܹ챾Դ㲻֮ʱҲΪλġ
£ֻһЩ˼׵ؾأŸؾп֣ܳȻһֵطֵĸҪһ㡣˵
ʲôط
С磬ȫµĻõС磬СҪʮǰܳΣߵ


1476 пܵĵط
ˣѾܲɵ˵ɵľ룬໹Сèٶȣһʱ͵ˡСèƲӹڱĴ͡һ߲Ŷһ˵
ðɣŵ㣬ɵɲҿյҶˡҶ˵
ǣˣ
ҶڱɵɵѾǶп֮ˡ
գҶηɰ뻪һ֮󣬻ҶѰҵķ򣬸˼׵ؾأЩȫµĻ߸ոձ˷ֲõС硣
ҵȫµС磬ܣַʱ֮ڵС磬ȴ̫ҡ
Ҷָһ·ǾǱϵһɵ
ָһ֮ҶŶԱɵҿյһ׵˽⡣
ɵҿյͬΪУھӪϣȴűʵ
ҿյϣһƷɢأӪĻֻҪǳĻҿյϾͿҵۼֵߵͣС
ɵȻҲŹģĴƷףɫȴ߾Ʒϡ·Ϊ
ֺĵرؼͨűһЩūɵҵ
ÿ£ɵ϶ٰСᣬÿ£ٰһδᣬռĺ̼Ҵĵĺ֮
ÿٰ꣬һȾĴᣬȾĴϣƣ汦ɳ
˵ɵߵǾƷ·ߣߣɵϡ
£ɵߣͲˣЩǿߴ䣬˵ܵඥ壬ɹܼҳڶɵԱܹĵҪ䡣
Щ˴ʳסһʿ˵Ҳʵ⣬ɹȵȡ
˵Ȼҿյڻｻ⣬ⲻϣɵĽ׹ģҲСֻǱǻ㼯ס˰ɡ
ңԽǸ߼ĶԽ󣬰ԣȫͳƣɵĴ棬ҿյϡ
ȻҿյҲᶨھٰᣬģ˼ûȣûģûмҵľĲۣĲۣЩͲѡҿյû䣬޷͡
ֶѭ֮£⾺䣬ɵĶ⡣
Ҷɵԭȴ
һǻ˵ܹʵĲ࣬Ⱥ˲ݡʵ۵һĵط뵽ģֻһɵȾĴᡣ
Ϊɵеһص㣬ֻҪмֵĶֻΪмֵĶֻҪɵãͿġ
£鱨Ͼģͳɵоĵһɫ
һ仰Ϊʾ͵ɵеϾģҪ߿ܾǷҪߣǾ޼֮
£ϡе鱨ͻɵеϣȻֶм٣õģûõģȫƾˡ
ܵɵǳһ㡣
˵ܹҵõأ
һпҶ淢ֲһڶȴпҶҵСѹĿܡ
¶пܴɵĵطҶôܲأ
ҲҶǰɵԭ
Ҷʱ򣬶Ѿ죬ÿ¶ųһ֣·ķһЩ·̺ſʼ½ڶпµ̺ţÿ¶߼̺ŷֺſš
ϣûв͸ǽгݵϢҲɢЩ̼ΪάԸķݶϢϣɢĺ
Ҷڣֻ̼רΪݶ
Ҷʥ飬Ϊɢ̫̫Ϊ鷳̼ңɹʱϸ޶ȡʵʱ䡣
ֻҪϸֲִԣҶƣڲ̫ıʡ
֮ʥηɰ׵ˣΪ¶һʵ
Ͼܹӵ鵤طֱӶԱȵ磬ܹӵּƷϵģֱٵ˼㡣
˵ǰ޹˺߶пܡ
ԭҶɵǴһ˶ģҶ汣ı¶࣬Դӵİȫ͡ǿ츳ͨԥҶ滹ǽ͡ˡ
ֵһ˵ǣ⼸Ҷʱʱͼ͡ãټϴ͡Ϊ츳ͨӰ췶ΧѾ﷽Բ﷽Բˡ
ЧʵҶ澪̾ޱȡ
Ҷ˼䣬ͻȻһҶӹͬʱ͡ҶĶ
ˣ˴ǰӭ˹


1477 츳ͨ÷
͡ĻأλҶڵķӭ˹ԶģһЦݵҶ买֡
λ͹٣صμɵһһȵȾĴģһأһһأΪڱӦ˵ڷǳΪҲ͡
ǣλǣҶæʵ
ͷصһ죬¶һЦݣɵн飬λΪ֪λûɵԤ¥
ȾĴὫɵľ¥ǼҼұԤĻǺҵסģ
Ȼλ͹ûԤĻһЩԴΪλ͹ٷ񡣡
ԣҶͷһɣû뵽ɵн飬ܵǧӿˣɼɵнӪҿյľҪĶࡣ
ҶĴ͡нԣҶҲн򽻵СǮʡ㾫ֶΪأ
ȷʵ
ˣ⼸˿⣬֮ڣƺڹ۲ߵڵǲǷ򡭡͡ٵ괫ҶԺ
Ҷһ󣬾Цˡ
ʱѹҶ棬ΪӪĿʲһԭɵܱ߱ҿյܱߣҪࡣ
Ҷû뵽ոյִɵΧ鷳
Ҷ治ǵһ죬ʱ˷λЦʲôǵĵϸԱ²֡
˵ɵܲ»ǲµĺá
£Ҷ΢΢һǸλɵǰԤ˾¥Ժл鷳λ
һ֣ҶָӣСè֪ҶҪ뿪ˣһΣ뿪
ҲһɲǣĵηٵĴԶҶǰ
ʱҶɫΪ֮һ䣬ȵһλȻһλǿߡ
ɷӦ侹Ȼ⣬ϧϧȵĽǿһĳӸµָҶ
СӣҪϵеĲƻſ꣬ɱҪ𣬲ƻҲһ˿һصߵһ߳
Ҷ濴ŽԼΧסٷˣһ£пࡣ
Ҷˣλٷ֮УǿҶɵޱ֮⣬ˣҶ滹ô⡣
ǣ͡ڰ
Ҷӵˣ͡Ӳˡ
͡ļֵҶن£Ǵ͡ɱˣҶʧ޷ˡ
û̫Ѫƾּ亱츳ͨٸʮҶ涼ỻ
ǿ⣬ңҪ˾¥ͣΪʲô֣Ҷɻ
ҶеɻͬʱҲҶʱ䣬ҶҪʱ俼ǶԲߣڵ⣬Ҷӳ죬Ҫ´͡
һ˲䣬Ҷħ˧֣ħ˧֣ҶԸ⼸һӦûʲô⡣
ǣǴ䡣
Ҷ滹ħ˧ͬһʱ䶥סĸˣˣԴ֣Ϳʰ˴䡣
ɣȷʵֻ˵㻹˵㣡صĽٷ˵ЩɫĹЦ
ͬʱٷ˶һۣҲĴЦһλָҶ泰ɵ¥۸оУҪҲԤƣ
һҶɫһ֪Щ˾ڽĿڡ
ֻҪǵһͣǻشԤԤƣᱻǿӶǴٵĿꡣ
䣬ϸţһᣬһЩһСè򷴷뿪һƾСèٶȣԿѡ
֮󣬸СèԹԵĶƲ֮УһȥǵģҶ괫Ҷ潻
͡ĺʱͱüû뵽ΣյľأҶһʱ侹ȻǵΣȻӡ
Ȼ֪ҶսˣλһλǿߵİΧ£Σԣ֪
һĪĸжشĵôһΪҶЧĳ嶯
ˣҲܡ
ҵģҶ괫жϺһ
ǣˣҿ԰ģҶҵ츳ͨãµĵã͡˵
µĵãô£ҶЩ⡣
ҿʧȥǻҼϢ͡˵
ʧȥҼϢôġ
Ҷ꣬ѾЦ磬СǲԸϰֻӲˣ
ȻϣǾʰСΪһ㣬ע㣬ܣСӵںͳ࣬ūгϿһǮŵЦ
ŽصĵϢһ䣬ͬʱ
ֵ˹ؼʱ̣ҶҲ벻ô࣬Сè˵ɲǣ͵شСèϷʮָָɣԼԼУһʹҶָɳ˽ƹߡ
СèŴܵȫشҶһɲǼСè´
ʱҶ͡ûжٽʱˣ֪츳ֻͨܵԺˡ
ڣҪǱסС
ҶӭУСè˷͡ȴǼˣһɲǣ͡˫͵ص
͡ҿյӱôãöıɱԸ
һɲǼ䣬Ѿ֪Ҷ״Ҳ֪ԼӦʲô
˫ɲǣһֵýصĵĿһʶĿԴķ
ǻȥȻ׵ıڶ쳹
ǱǾ׵ĺĶһըըͷĿѣϣ˫Ǿʹޱȡ
˲Ϣ䣬صǿߵʧȥеԴԺг˱ըǱը˫ڸһһĵľʹ
ǵ䣬Ҷߣ˫Ŀظ־ʧɫʹ࣬һŵԼĶ䡣
˲Ϣ䣬ǵĶ˲Ѫ˫סѪ⡣
Ҫǣͻı仯ǾʧʧȥӦ֮ߣ׷סԸĶ䣬ѹǸϾ˼Ҷ
ǿ˵𰡣
ǣǵĶڣʵ̫ʹˣҶɵıըǸͷĿѣҵ˼¡
ȻҶĿɿڴĿʷŹֵһĻ
ߣȻ׼ģʹޱȵŶ䣬Ҷǡ
ǿħ֮зޱǿħȫ֮¶Ҫ˵
ǣʱȴû߶κηֶΣӲ
³˵Ҳ֪
۵Ľٷˣڣ׷ײҽŻ˽̼
ɱǿɱΣҶ治ɵ¶˾ޱȵĿ⣬ʶĻͷһ۱СèԶĴ͡


1478 
صĽٷ˵Ժеĺͣ侪ֵķ֣κˣ۾пԿǰλͬķ£ٵĻɽ̼
ɾ񵽣½һɲǣλͬ϶Ҳᷢ˵Ĳҽ
ǣȴʲô
־壡
һĪĿ־嶸ظͷ
ĪĿ־循ǶĳԿ־һĪУ˲Ϣ䣬ʹԺںĻ˹
ɲǼ䣬ͫ׾˼£
ˣ
ͬ飬ȫˣ
Ҫ֪ͬ飬Ϊ͵һأΪߵأһλ񾳶صСһȻһ˲ȫɵˡ
ֵģǰУһλӵмǿͨ
δ֪Ŀ־壬жͷֱڵһʱȷӣ
жԶӶԶ
ǱܵģϢһתӡ
ھ̾͡츳ͨĿֲҶ濴ҪӣЦڲ֪Ҫӣˣ
鱦׹޷ɳ¡¡ͷ·һһ˵䡣
һɲǣҶһ䣬׳
а׽Ҫϵ֮ʣ΢΢Ťһ£ȻƾʧҶһа˸ա
Ҷ㵡
ʱˮһɢ˷Ҷ뿴⵶ʧˣĳطĳ
Ϣ֮Ҷεҡͷ˷ˮϣ伸ʮ
ʮﷶΧ֮ڣûеӰӡ
ˣǵʱѾӵǧ֮⣬Ӧһͨطһ˸ӵǧ֮⣡͡úɵߴҶĶ䡣
Ҷһû뵽ȻһͨΪס
û⵶ͬУҶ滳սѪһոӳλߵĲлɾ˽ȥ
Ҷʱ޷͡ϵǴȴܹҶȻܹҶ𰸡
ˣûˡ
ԣҶ泤һӦһСèķλСèڵķλ˹ȥ
֮Ҷ˶Сèϵڶ͡䣬㷽ģǸʹ࣬ҵĹ
˵ʵΣҶ涼һֿ־ĸо
ҪǶսʱôһ£ɷŵĵ״̬벻Ѱ
͡ɦɦףˣʵܼ򵥰֮ǰܹҿ߱óҪҲܹǽһЩ仯ǵüС߼󡣡
ţֻеķŵ˼¶ѡ
ôѪ
Ҷոʳ⣬֪Ըɵˣ󵽼£϶ߵĶĤ
ߵĴȻǿڱüޱȣЩĲλȴԶ޷仯
۾Ĥȵȡ
һ򵥵ӣ߻ˣµʱҪĶԴһ򶨵ˣҲᱻһ
񣬴͡츳ͨȴЧһٱֹ
൱ڶĤڡԺڲͻĿսĲֹҪ񾭴һģǻᱻֱɵɣ
£λ˴ĵɵɵıҶɱ飬ͺˡ
˵ʵҶԸҲ亹ֱΪҲ޷
䣬ʲôԱ֣Ҷ汾ܵ⣬Ҷ룬պӦôأ
͡ͷ˼һѹˣҲ̫츳ͨҪҪĴڣܹӳӦ
Ҫ츳ͨǾҪֻҪûͿԣ
ҶʱȻޱȡ
ûô
ҪҪնʶնʶҪʧȥսռӰǳĴ
𱻴䵱ȻҶɱʧȥƺҲʲôˡ
ԺûҵײҪʩչҶͻ
һҲҶͻأֻ˳ӵĵ˵ͷҶĴεľҶѾûκλɣܵķӡ
Ҷ֮´ҪǴͨʤ⧲֮£ҶٳɱУֱǾϣԿԷӳޱȾ˵Ч
׼ǿҲᱻҶʰˡ
ʩչ̫࣬Ч¾Ҫۿˡ
߰ɣǼǰ
˵ţҶʹ͡ͼɵǰ
ǰãʾٴ𣬡ˣСĵ㣬Ƿɿӽ
ҶɫرѿޱȣѵǷĵ䣬겻ɢ


1479 
λ͹٣صμɵһһȵľĴģոոҶǰˣһǰӭҶ湰΢Ц
⻰Ҷ֮ǰĵһˣֱһģһ
Ҷ͡ŹֵĶһۣҶѾɱ硣
Ҳû뵽ɵȻһٷ˺еĵط⻹û뵺أѾ˵ڶٷˡ
ҶбʵʵɱͷӾĺ˼һɻĵλ֮ʲô᣿
λ֮ǰ˽ٷˣ
ͷȿЦɵΧȷʵȽϻңǶԶλȴûκεĶ⡣
Ȼĵٷ֮£Ҷеľ֮ɫ˿ʲôˣ·ǣҪ
λ͹٣ɵн飬һЩڵӭĿˣҪһЩ⣬֪λûɵȾĴͷ֮˵
ȾĴ֮ǰҶ沢ûֱӻش𣬷ʵΣûΣ
ͷ֮˿Ц͹ٵĽ䱸֮Ļǿ
Ŀ͹٣ɵһһȵȾĵޱȵ֣˶һãȾĴĹأֺź͵ֺĿˣÿ˿Яλλӡ
ԣֺֺĿ˵ҲԱĴ˲μӾĴᣬǾΪ˶
ô˵Ҷüͷһ壬ɵȾĴᣬе鷳
ǹͳֺź͵ֺŵôԸ߼۹ӵԸ߼ۣͷһڴĿҶ档
ޣûأҶʵ
û£μɵȾĴᣬǹҲԴﹺԴ˷ʽμȾĴᡣͷ˵
һ˵ҶʱȤޣʲôǮмλã
ԣͷεĴ˴֣͹ٱǸĿǰѾȫԤȥˣȾĴԽԽǳＯ˵ԽԽࡣ
͹⣬ϵʽǻϵġ
ڼ۸ļ۸ǵչźܴĹϵ֮󣬲ȷ
ԭ
Ϣ֮ڻϵõķѶ֮Ҷ͡ɵ
ɵ̫Զˣйɵִ˵̫ˣģ˵ɵλųɵĴܵǱ֮أҲ˵ǳ֮Եʡ
Ҷ͡ɵĵһʱ䣬͸оɵĲһ
ɵҿյһ˶࣬˺ܶࡣ
֮˶಻һҿյϣ߳Ⱥ̶ʿ࣬ɵȴǶˣĶ١
ҿյɵһ˷߾ۼ֮ǡ
ڽĵ·ϣҶ͡νн飬ֶġ
Сɵĵͼɵĸ̼ҡ¥¥ʳֲܽͼɵĿǰƷ飬ӦоС
ڻٿƷʯʮ֮Ҷ͡էɵͲûͷĲӬˡ
ȾĴỹнµʱŻٿԣһʱҸסĵط
һ򣬾רŽܾ¥ջ۸񡢻ʳ̶ȵȵȣӦоС
ò˵ɵס޼۸ķǳ
ҿյһСԺҲʮƷʯһ죬סһҲƷʯѡ
ɵһϷļ۸񣬾ҪʮƷʯһ죬ЩľԺ䣬۸͵ĶҪһƷʯһ죬ǳİ
ڴ߶ԣ໨ʯҸסҲνҿյ࣬ľԺΪš
ǳס£ľԺʺߡ
סھ¥УĲ㣬ܱ֮߰ڣҹͬʱϰٺԪЧʷǳҲᱻ˷Ϣš
ŮߣϴԡСģһСģͻᱻܱߵˡ
ԺͲһˣԲڣԺ˾Ÿ˶ѣźٲ˵ԺڣвĿռ䣬˽ҲԵõ֤
ΪȾĴٽԺǳĽš
ҶϰټҿջеĿջϰ嶼һʾԺѾûˣϷС
͡˼סϷһЩࡣ
ҶԣûҪʡǵʯϾҪңҪһĻԺٲá
ΣҶϵһ֮ϵʽн飬ѰԺ䡣
ϵ֮ҶõĴǣԺУǣ۸Ҫ屶ࡣ
ԭƷʯһĶԺ䣬ּҪʮƷʯһ졣
ҶԣƷʯʮƷʯûжٲҪܲӵһ
˵ʮ飬ǶʮƷʯҶҲԥĶ
ܿģҶϵнϹҶһΪ־ӵλɽµĿջ
н˵־ɵиߵεĿջˣ󲿷Ժͱ˰ԲˣЩнﻹٵһԴ⣬ɵ޶Ժˡ
ҹӣǺúϢҪܽңɵ塣СԺ⣬нͷŶյһнãЦŸǡ
ģǻģ
˵꣬ҶųСԺԺ󷨵׼СԺϢ·£ΪǿҲǹ۵ġ
ҲһɲǣŭҶһͬĻ˦Ƶ
쵰ǲ˵һԺû˶ûУΪʲôոյס˶ԺһǷŭĹӸ绹˦Сһơ
СҲί֮λ͹ԤõģһͿס
ڷ쭵һ£ݺݵĶһСȻλҶ档
´Ҷһۣһ֣һʯ䵽Ҷǰ
ֵܣһǧƷʯɷԺתøң
Ҷ˲Ϣסˡ
û뵽ǰ꣬ȻǰһǧƷʯǹİ
Ǹһ˿ޱȵͬʱҶ˿û꣬ԽǶʯתСԺ
״꼱ˣλ绨ŮûиԺסǿɾĿˡ
͵˵Ҷֵܣʮʮļ۸СԺΣһһƷʯ
ҶޱҡҡͷѴ˵ľСԺȴǼˡ
ɵһ죬ʱе̼ңûһԺʱҶ棬ǾҶΪͣʯӦܹҳ
ҶģܵΪҶʯ١
Ҷ̰ͬʱһģ˦ʮƷʯȵʮʮƷʯܹ˰ɣ
һɲǣʤ䷳ҶĹ⻪һʮŹ⻪ʲ


1480 
ҶУʮŸ뵰СƷ鵤ԡ
ʮƷ鵤ɲǣ۾һɣһſ˸ͨ죬Ҷ棬Ҳû˵
һƷ鵤ͼֵһƷʯһƷ鵤ֵһƷʯʮţǾʮƷʯ
൱һǧƷʯңһǧƷʯ˼ġ
Ҷǰװ˰캾û뵽ǰΪһ꣬ĺ
ޱȵ꣬Ҷ΢΢һЦеƷ鵤ʩʩȻת߽СԺڣֻޱϵվ
˰Σһε˦µƷʯλŮ뿪
ǰһƵСȴָ뿪ӰЦ
ֻҶסɵһСϢ˰֮ҶͿʼйɵȾĴ顣
ҶɵҪĿ֮һǻ˵ɵȾĴϣһЩ鱦ϢЩϢٲΰ룬˵ܹأ
ʱ·ϣҶѾЩнἰɵȾĴжˣϵǰн֮Ҷ֪⵽жˡ
ʮ꣬ʮ֮ڵֺֺѾȫ۳ˣôô֣ǰн˵꣬Ҷһһ±⻹𱬣
ʮ꣬⻹ֻǹٷ֣ʵϣϵֺֺǱ˳ڻؽԤģѹϡ
ÿɵȾĴģʮˣֻǧϴӵģҲͽȥǧ˶ѣ룬ж֣н˵
ʮֻǧ̼ΪʲôһЩܹ׬ࣿҶɻ
ԣнЦ͹٣ͲˣϯĴޱȻ𱬵ԭ򰡡
밡һ־Ϳ򵽵Ķһ໨Ǯ򲻵ĶĸȤ
ȻǺˣҶ˵
ͶˣɵȾĴᣬΪһһһ𱬣ôμһȾĴᣬѾһԸн˵
׵ҶҲ̾ҵģʽˣԽòԽõ
ôûУҿԸ߼գҶʵ
ԣнЦ͹٣Ǹ߿ˣɵЩн鶼ԵһΨȾĴŪ
ŪżܹŪУһϵ㡣
Ҷһ㣬ѵŪûŪȾĴķ
н´Ҷһۣ͹٣ûУ
ûУ
ûУн鱻Ҷ񿴵ЩëȴһҶŵҹӣɵвиŪȾĴķüˣû˳ɹпգȥ֡
֣ʲôҶʵ
ӵˣһ֪֪Сû˵
н֮ҶüͷȾĴеҪֵĶ࣬ҪŪĶࡣ
нԣĿǰֻһܹõΪ
ɵٷÿ¾ٰļϣÿζʮŲȵȾĴͼֺģ۸ߵá
ĿǰΨһܹõȾĴķֻǣ־õֺŵۣԽӽȾĴᣬ۸Խߡ
ǶЩμɵȾĴᵱԸ˶ԣٶ࣬Ҳֵõġ
нԣһ£һɵȾĴֺĳɽۣһƷʯҡ
żַӣƷʯۣҲеġ
ҶƵǣΪٽȾĴᣬ¶ȾĴĲμʸҲҪһʯͨؼǣˡ
н˵¶ȾĴͨǻܹŪģһƷʯһš
۸Ҷпޱȣɵʯ治ֵǮ
£ҶҪμȾĴᣬ볡ҪƷʯһ˻𣬾Ҷ棬ҲЩʹ
ߣȥвǸ궼û˳ɹķӣʲôһҶʹŴɵв
Ҷ涯ɲǣɵص׵һؽ֮УһеӰȡµĻر
ˣɵΧһΨһĴһıʣ¶ֵһСͷĿ˿ˣλ£˸ˡеһ˵
еӰԣһЩһ֮ǰҪбľ򣬲ô˵ɵһλսСһ
شˣΪСͷĿ˵ǵģһͨ񾳶صߡ
ʲôͨ񾳶أеӰһ䣬͵ֱ壬ģϷ˵˵ϸ


1481 ʯ
ܵùڴ֮ǰһͨ񾳶صСС
ڣòһСһٸ𣬻²ˡ
û²ˡ
Դ֣֮ĶڱըѪ죬΢˶Խǿ߶ԣᡣ
ͳ׵Ļָˣȴֵķ֣ƻָˣȴʧȥ
˶βغ֮εķ֣ڵ޷ָˣܹﵽĵлָĿܡ
ΨһҵǣǽǿߣʧȥӰҲֻ̫Ҫʱʱ̿ɢӦ
һڣӦʱʱ̱ӦԱֶĸ֪һڳϷǳĽš
ҲʱϢĳסլڣ񾭽ĵ󺧣ܵľ
֣һߵұ͵رǼʮףİƸֱӽȵĲҽ
ʲôУõʹߴˣȥʻأһбܳһ䣬õһԡ
߲ˣǴǰϴ֣ͬʱҲɵһĽٷǵϴ
֪仰Ǽ괫ġ
ã
ͫ׶طŴ󣬸ոٶɢȥȻ޺Сһ˳ȥ
뿪סլûãͱõʹ߷ʶججҲ֪˺η
ٴ۾ʱ򣬾ͳһ߻谵Ľ֮ڡ
սսΣԭԭĲһ˿١κϸڶܴʧȫϷڵǰģһڷüߣɢϢԨ٣ýĵ䶼һɽٴ󺣵Եʡ
ȴ¶ãȻɫüͷ
⵶һս֮󣬾ʧȥˣһʹ߻
ˣ
Ϊٴ¶֮ɫȻܹһλǿ²У
Ϣ֮󣬵⣬½
ΪɵܱߵĵСͷĿڿɵã˿־ֻп־塣
ɵܱߺݹ֤֯ǿЩСͷĿʵҲõצ
ɵ⺣Ѱһᣬкʵķʲͳûˣû˻ǣǣǵãȴҪϱǷ¼֮
йôģĿǱɱеÿһʵҪȵǿ
ԣһǰλνġ𡯵ԥģͽһУ̶˳
ľսǣǰλ·ǳսϸڣӲͬķ֮ࡣ
Ǹ뿪ɡλ˻֣ʹ߾ٶ˵䡣
ǵ䱻ߵɲǣڹ⻪һ˸ǰڴڵߣеӰͬʱ֡
ͨ񾳶صСһȻܹϰȻͬһ㣬̫ϡ棬ƾնܹͬһʱشһ˵ͨɾͲһˡңҵļУѹûǿĿƾ˵еͨ
ǰѯʵĴ˵꣬͹еӰӣ̫ϣô
еӰӻ˻Σƾյ˵еͨȷʵǳټڱļУҲļ֡
Ϸոϸڵƣᣬǳᣬȷȷʵʵش˵ǣٽԣûκεƾǶը
ϷжϣӦһַǳ츳ͨϷļУֻ̫Ѫдһ츳ͨơ
λһۣٴοʹӰеߣ̫Ѫ̫ʾ¡
̫ѪޱȣϣֻҪм̫壬ǾԲԸĺͨ񾳶صΪ硣
̫츳ͨǿΪҲǲ㡣ͨ£ֻбȺֻûм̫ѪУŻͨ񾳶صΪ¡
£ÿһ̫ȺУκһ˶ޱȵʮ⣬ҲȺġ
̫ϵ˼һûм̫Ѫߣ
ʮ֮˾ţ
̫壬츳Ƿ̹;пʶ컯ܹãδҲһλͨ˵ĵǿߣ˵ɾ컯ǾδȣϷ˼еӰӻ˵
̫ϵ˼һҪչãΪˣĩ𿪿ˣǾԳ֣ˣꣿ
ߣ
ʹӰ͵شһǲˬƺ㾫޻ôĿʹδ֮⣬Ϊٲǰ
סֻҪܹĻһ
һ㣬æ׵лָ̫㣬ӻȫĲͻơ
ֻȴģңĻǿһĵǿߣһͻƵ̤컯ʱ򣬾ͻΪõĴ󻼡
̫ϵ˼ǣǷ뷽跨ģһģ飬ȻΪõʯ˵
ϸˣеӰӵ˵ͷĿǰֻǵһ֮ǣӾΣҵ֮󣬰пɡ
סøϵشݷʮģֿδҪԱһϸ˳ˮɣŲ»ˣȿףӰ̫Ϻȵ
ӵȽ̫֮ԣͬʱ
ˣȥɣϷˡ

Ҷ͡һ·ӣ˻ڸ߿УͿɵвһƬ¶콨ͷܶ쳣
ȥͷִԼ˾ۼҪΧһ޴ĿյػȭźЩ˿ϵµΧ˽ʽǽ
н˵Ӧɣ
ɻУҶ͡Ӹ߿£Ľˣŷ֣мǾ޴ĿյأȻһʮޱȺصػе̨
̨ϣһߴʮ׵ľʯʯΪ̡
ޣʤʮһգΪɵõעɣգɵõעһɡ
Դۼӣգɵעɰ룬ɻɵլԺһףʯܹʮգɵעɣɵլԺһȾĴֺһţȾĴȾȨһΣʯ
ɲǣ͡ϲˣ͵ֺŵһţӦþн˵ĻķˣңܻõȾȨ
Ҷ飬ȴûκεϲָʯ¿
һۣ͡͵һ


1482 
ʯ·дֱ֣ʮÿһ·о޴Ŀհס
˵޳ɹ֮ʯΪ̵ĵط
±ߣٸС֣̫ʮ꣬գʯΪ̡
Լʮ
ʯΪ̵е㸴ӣǰõΪ֪ˣ濴ס
ҶǰڴͨǺȾǴţ̫ʮ꣬ϸӦǰ
֮ޣ֮ǰ
꣬ǣյҲʮλ
£յ͸ˣֱһ룬ֻʮλ޵ģֻλ
ذ޵ģֻһλˣλ̫ʮ
ھʮĿǰȫһƬհס
ûǿհףһûС
֮ΪûһܹްϣɵʮĽһܹ֡
£ҶǳнΪʲô˵ˡ
ΪһܹɵĿ꣬ҶЩƣҲ޷ɡ

ͻȻ䣬̨֮һʾһһƨɺһķ·һβ͵ĸոսֺѪԵ󺺣˷ܵ
ڴˣ˭սң˭սң
ػִ̨֮ǱȴǴＵ
］ʤһߣ˭
ִδ䣬һ߾Ծ̨Ե
ִȴûͬ⣬Ƕ޵ָǱǩ״ٹޣ
ＣʤߣԻһӵϢʱ䣬һ֮󣬼ս
ִ̨µأһִ³˸߿գ𵴷Ŵ˼ʮʹ˷
עʼһӣֻһӵʱעʤߣܷʤߣעʵʱ仯ֿޣ
ִµ£̨ܱ˷߾Χ̨һ޿ϰٸڣÿھߡ
һ¼ǩѺһյʯ˾ά
쳣ЩߵעһƷʯǧƷʯ
ЩȷӣһѺһǧƷʯ
һǧƷʯĿܱ࣬߹۵ĺüУһҲעء
עѾǧʮƷʯȥ⸶עʮһƷʯҪٶ׼ˣʮʤɻעɣִµߺУ޵ػ綴ǰҪ޵˽ȥ
УսʼܱߵϵµΧޱȵĹۿ˱䣬Щߺ

ϰɱ
ڶ߷׷ԸѹעĶźһĻȴҶĿɿڴ
һ̨һ޴Ķĳ
̨Ǹĳṩ˵䶷ѡ
ˣ޺޵ˣʵǿЩ
޵ＣڵΪ޵ߣΪȴߴغڣһ۷尡
ˣ̨ǿûϷ̨ϵˣٿԸ˵ΪЩΡ
Ҷεĵ˵ͷϽϣСʵ̫ˡ
ڵߣҶ治£۷ߣҶ͵ޱȵСˡ
ʮʤܰܣʮգȺӢ㼯ĵطҶ滹ʲôġ
˵ʵɵȾĴˣǻۣ߰ƷʯʮƷʯܹ͵һš
ҶԣǸոڶд׬һʣÿ볬ƷʯҶԣȻҶֻռɵ룬ʮƷʯҲʲô˵顣
ʵҶ濴мֵģӦǸȾȨ
ȻҶ治֪ɵȾȨζ⣬ܹ֣֮ķһ;Բˡ
˽һ޵Ĺ򣡡
޵ľϸʯı棬ǧԣƶķǳϸͳʮӦΪƵġ
Ҷͨһ飬Ҫ¼㣬һΪڽ֮£ǿȫ֣ںĴ½ҲԷѣѲʺ̨ߡ
߱״鷳Ҫõע𣬱ʮʤ޳ɹܻõעİɡ
˵ʵһ㣬ҲҶ涯Ĳѡ
עİɣȻֻаɣҲˡ
̨ע𣬾͸ߴٶƷʯĿǰʱڽ̨֮ǰٻս˵ų
֮עۻƷʯûκ⣬ע𣬾͸ߴʮƷʯ
ϣҶĶĿǰȥκ⣬ҶһܹӶõ롣
⻹ǽڶ۵ĳݽ޳ɱ¡
Ƕ޳ܹõĺĲƸؼܹܲס̨ˡ
⣬ʤߵĴֻʤﵽﵽΣͿԻӦǧƷʯĽ
Щ֮⣬Ƕ̨սСˡ
ʤߣһϳ֮ǰֻһӵϢʱ䣬ǳߵĳս
һĶһ㣬һӵʱ䣬֮ǰĵһ붼ظò˼ȳŲȥˡ
⣬ս߿ٴϳǵֻһϳᣬΪ˽ӣսٴϳҪһƷʯ
ͬʱ޹УֹͲսֹʹһԵķܱõĵҩȴǲޡ
ΪõҩΪ˽ôȡʸ
⣬ಹϸ򣬷ǳϸ
ˣ򣬾֪սޱȵļѣҿǻ뷨¶ȾĻϾɣ͡˵
ޣų򣡡
˵꣬һŨ̵µ˴ǰһһּȱӵ۹⿴һ۴䣬˷ܵĳ嵽Ⱥȥˡ
һӣͽߵࡣ
ҿյľʵߣܲðգ;ðգȫһ
ͻȻ䣬̨Χٴ߼źһ˲ϢͱЪ˹һ㣬ܶ˷ޱȵ㵸
⼤ֱ˲ϢͽҶȾˣһ͡ǽȥ
һɲǣ͡Ҷ漷ȥɲǣǸＵβޱǧ״Сޱȵĺա
ɲǣ·նǱ޸鶯һ㡣
飡
߱һ޸߸ߵ˦ɣĹ쳹
ڴͬʱȴ˷ޱȵĻ˫֣Ｃ޵У޵У
ͬһɲǣǣ˲Ϣͷˡ
Ｃ޵У
Ｃ
˷ޱȳźҶĶ䣬ҶһΪѪĴ̼˲ϢҶȫ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷͷһ˿¶һǰδе˷ܸжӿҶͷ


1483 ٴ
ܱ˷ܵźӰ£͡Ҳ˲䱻Ⱦ˷ܵĻȭͷ·ڻȭͷ䣬ԽԼǻѪһź
Ҷļ䣬ȴһǰδеսȼգļѪܱߵź·һ㱼ڼ
˲Ϣ䣬һǰޱȵĿӿҶͷ
ս
Ҫս
֮ս֮ս
޹غ棬޹غδֱźУֻغ
һˣһǰδеӿҶͷ˱ޱȣļƣͻȻʧһɶ
һвܵƣһɲǶԶҶ棬Ҷֻʣһս
ͻأģҶ͸оԸ߷·θһƵģʵǴ
ı仯Ҷ鸮֮꣬ͻȻͱ׾׳˼֣Ҷ鸮ڵɫһٵӿƺҪʲô仯
Ǿİһ㣬Ȼһ˸߹һˣգûгϺƺе̲㡣
һб仯ȻޣҶͷȴޱȵʣҶΪѾﵽɫ۷ܾˣһֱûд
ͻȻƿı仯ӦҶľֽһվǻ̲һ㡣
ڷŵľ仯·ҶȻޱȡ
Ҷϡǵã½ʱȻϣ֮ģȴδɱζҡ
⼸굽½Ҷ֮ȻûκζҡթĶǵģǵġ
ħؽ粼֣һҹʮһңֻܷӪأѲ˾Ѳ뱱ıǹĶƲϡ
֮ΪԴΪ˽ƽͨҶƣмת½һΣҲһֱΪ²֣ٵеĿд䣬֣ҪҶ˼㡣
֮ĴδҡȴЩթĶɱΣҶƣޱȡ
ۣۣ
յһۣսĳ棬Ѫźִ֮ʱһȪһ㣬徻Ҷͷеĳ
˲Ϣ䲦ҷҶʧģػ
˲ϢҶٴײᶨһ£Ŀ
ϵ
ǻƽͨǷؾӪթǽĸֶΡ
ǿһֱͨһ㣬ֶΣǻƽͨǷؾӪȵȣΪͨĸֶΣǴͨȥһ򳤻̵Ĳ·
Щ·ٶ࣬գΪ㣬ջع鵽
һˣҶͷѾͨޱȣĴ͡ļңȥս
ˡ
͡Ȱ裬ҶѾǩ״ĵڡ
ҶޱȵĲ͡۾һУ˵ıƺǰһˡ
ͨ񾳶أ
ǩ״ĵڣִ¿Ҷ֮üëͻһȻҶ˻ӵͨ񾳶صʲô֣֮ʱܹһˣ
㻹ᣬ࣬ΪҲ١
ִµȻЩмȰ˵̬ȣȴҶĺøС
״Ҷ氺ȻһЦֵǰΪӢ۶ʤкãǴ̨±Ϊˣ
ף
ִ±Ҷ仰ĲᣬϷȰ㣬СӻϷװ˴βǣѪսˣгϣСӻٴֵĺã
Ҷȴ¶һ˿ЦޣȴôһλϺˣǡ
ǰĳţǰذ£Ҷ˵
㣡
ִ۾һɣҶǾǿҡͷǳţ»ײǽͷ


̾ϧ䣬ִһʽȻ׸Ҷ棬ӡѺɣǩ״ȫƾʵɵκιϸ𣬸սκιϸ
ƾ£
Ҷǩӡתޣִ²ɵ̾һˣǲȰһϺע㣬䣬;һȡ
ϣƨɺβıֱֱģɢ޾ɱ˫ɨ˷ﲻͣĵͺߡ
һ˭
˭սң˭
ƾˣЮʤ֮Ŀһ·ɨ߱˫ĿȻֱӣ׷ױܿޱȡ
Ǹոս˶ʮоͻΪҪһصߣһʱ䣬Ȼ˸ޡ
ȻҲ˵޾ֹڴˣʤܹס
ǣۼڴ˴źģɵߵȫ෴ģֻǺһ֡
ۼģһĳͽ
ֳ㣬ֳսֳؾ֧߶ԣһѵѺע档
֧ʮʤֳսһģײޣһʤֻ߽࣬ΪЩˣͻ棬һŽȥ
Ȼûжջ񣬵ȴܹ
Ҫǣྪž֮Ϊĥ似֮ء
һиֳ֣ͻļ֪ͨϳȻǰޡ
˵ʵб޸õʵս
ʵǿĽĶս֣ɵ޽ľ̨ǿ磬ֿԷһսĵطࡣ
ؼʱ̣ʵڴ򲻹ʱ䱣
Ϊƿ޷ͻƵǿߣ̵ͻƵص㣬ԷһһսӦоС
Ҷ棬Ҳô
ʱ˶Χһٶڴʼһע
Ӯ˸߲ңȴǰ̾
һ֣վԭطɿķŷѶ֪ͨԸֳҪҪսһأ
Ｃ̨ıŭ𣬡˭սＣ
˭һս
˭սң
Ｔŭţڰûޣǳʧ˭սңųµһ޵ޣûһú
û˸ս𣿡

Ҷ氺ȻУҶԾ̨ıԵеĺִԸǩ״
ǰޣһϲҶ΢ӦҶɢΪϢʱɫͶһڡ
ͨ񾳶أ
ģӢ۶𣿾Ȼһͨ񾳶صСսң
ҿԽΪˣ㲻ĳս𣿡ҶͻسԷ
仰۾һ͹Сӣĳ²֮ΪûǲҪˣĳս㻹񣡡
˵꣬ʾһƵģβͶǳһȻݺݵĻ£ޱȵƿ
Ҷͫһָ͵ȻһգͣµβͻȻ̶һ㣬ٶȱޱȣ
ţ
ʱＵޱȣ


1484 Ｕͨ
мֱ£ֻΪӲˣһЩ´Ҷһۣʾβһβջ
ҶȴһüëҪˣҪˣ͸Ͻ̨ĳҪأ
һ㣬漴ЦģȴûģһΪֻͨ񾳶صĿ
Ҳã͵棡
˵꣬͵һԾҶ֡
ҶԾޣеĺִ¿ˣսＣＣʤߣһӵĻָʱ䣬ǷҪ
Ըһͨ񾳶صСһָھͿԿսＴЦ
λ뿪սаӵעʱ䣬ץˣ⣬עϸ̫ԣ˴ע˫ʣڰ֮䣬λץʱעִ˵
ϸҶ֮ǰʯ֮Ҳˣܼ򵥣˴ޡ
磬ʲôûޣ
ʮ֮ͽҲūħ壬ǡˣ
£ֻͼˣΪΪ˱ûʲôǸɲġ
ǰ˵ڼ֮ǰΪͼıÿͨĺע𣬾ߴޡ
һǿߣʤȻһΪһޣ֮ʲȻܴ
ʱעϣԼ֮£֮ǰˮսܣɵǿ⵱еè壬ΪҲű¡
ңһЩԸѺԼ޶עȻսԻþ˵档
֮עĹأ˭޶ֻѺһƷʯ
޵ֹ࣬ԶֹۣǷǳİԵͲģ޵ע߼ֱ֮ꡣ
ɵ潫ⳡսڰң˷ӿȥע
ֽǼǮһĺ£˭˲Ը
һƷʯֻɣҲٿƷʯ֮µһʱˡ
ˣѺĶＣ
ѺҶģĿǰһ˶ûС
ԭҲܼ򵥣ƱսƤ´ģҶΪʵ̫ˡ
˫ʶĲ̫࣬ＰɣҶһɣϣû˻ðŷȥҶʤġ
䣬ҸһƷʯҶ괫
͡һ飬ˡҡûôʯ
СӣҸ㹫ʯȥӮģҵģҶЦһ䡣
ôĶûУҶ滹ǫ̂ʲô
ȫעޱȵＣѾϢڵأиһƷʯ⸻İӵʱָ֮ǰġ
ҶһóһжϡＣһǳĶ֡
ȻȵľܾʤһӵĻָʱ䣬ڣȴץӵʱڻָ
žܾǲԣʾʱ䣬ȴǽ
֤Ҷǰ֣Բ֮
ܱߣɵԸΪעڣһЩ˽˿עڡ
ЩעڵʷǳĸߣǳʺЩҴ̼ߣעûޣֻҪ£Ǿ͸ա
ҪܹӮҵ֮󣬻ܲҵõǣ˵ˡ
ʮϢ֮ڻߣʣעֿޣ
ʮϢ֮ڻߣһʣע
ＰϢ֮ڻߣʣע
ܿģ˽˵ھߺһһ˵ʣйҶʣеˣȫǶҶܹ֧Ŷ೤ʱġ
֧ŰϢϣʣʣע
֧ʮϢϣһʡ

̵עУҶ滺۾һУѾ޹أҪУֻʣǰⳡսҪԼȫе֮ϣ鸮֮Уֻʣ֡ս
ˮף˲Ϣ䣬ҶЩսĵεȫ鸮һһ֣Ӱһ㡣
ùսţսɣЩֻùһεսɣȫԺи֡
ʱ䵽սʼ
źִµǸʼֳڣ˫۵˫ͬʱ۾
˫Ŀй⻪һＶһͷһԾ˫գһɫľ޽͸С
ɫľ޽ֵɲǣͻһǧ׵ľ޽Ҷ浱£µĹ켣ޱȵ¡
Բǧ֮ڣڽ֮£ҶǱǸ򣬶ᱻ޷ɲǼ˲Ƴǧ֮⣬ҶģֻӲӡ
˵ʵ˲ͨҶ滹ûˣҶΪʩչ£¾ͼˡ
ԣȥֻӲˡ
ңＵз֮ٶޱȣȵϱ׵ٶˡ
Ҷľٶȴ˵ľٶ
Ｓĵһɲǣ鱦׹پʹҶԺ֡
鱦׹ٳֵɲǣѺҶŲʮϢߣʹк鱦ŹʮϢûκ⡣
¡¡һＵĽеķͬʱ
ɫľ޽µɲǣҶа׾ͺＵš
Ｕ۾һ͹һֽУаϵɲǣ͵زһ£ƾʧ
ҶаףȻ˸ա
ҶЩ⣬Կʹа׿ʼ⻹ǵһܹܿаס
ҶûпＣõӦմŲĿռͨ
＾ȻֿռͨսԲ򵥡
۵һＷΪʩչ˲ƶޱ޽ڵأʧȴûг֣ҶͷƤ˲ը
һƵƷĳ˲ƣ˲֮ȴҶΣյʱ̣
Ϊ㲻֪һɲǻ
ҲǴҶ汳ҲǴҶ棬ǴҶͷ
ԤһＴЩôҶᱻһɱ
սܣ˵ս飬Ҷ˲ϢӦ֮ߡ
һΣӰشҶ߳һΣսĺִҲһȻ޷ĸǻĸ
ͬһɲǣҶһߣδùĽͨˮһɢ˷
ͨȻҶϰָͨԵͨȴ־õģڣá
Ҷǿ֮ͨ£˷Ŀһһ˿һı仯ᷴӳҶĽ֮ͨС
Ҷǳһ˿ЦͨȥֻҪеΪĻӰ޷ҳʱôһ˿һԥҶͿ׼ֵλá
ʱһа֮£ǾҪˡ
ҲҶͷ뷨ɲǣȽͨ׵ĸ˷Ｕξ͵شҶдܳ
ͬһɲǣҶ鸮У䲻ľһҶһ


1485 ӲӲ
ףڣӦܹӳĳɵսƴΪۣɵսҲܷӳ鸮ͻȻսҶһ
Ϊ˻Ѿ˯˺üˣҶȻûĴڣͻȻ俪ڣҲǾŲ١
ؼʱ̣Ҷȴûʱ飬Ǳܵģл̵а׾˴Ａ
һΣȴûмʩչʵŲͨζػóһǧ׵ĲӰתһȦҶոջóӰͱȫݻٲ˵˳ƱܹҶа׺
ҶͫٴһＣմŲͨұٶҲ쵽˼¡
ҶĿ֮СèҪɣӦּٶȵ塣
ݣ
ޱȵƿ𣬺յıӰҶй˵ǣ˫һΣоƾҶи
Ｕĵɱ֮һѿС
֮ǰһֱβޣûʩչɱС
еҶĺһ㣬ӦһǿĽϵͨＵսȻ
ҶȴЩƣڱˣҶƾѿУֿ׼ǳѲ
Ҷͷĺ鱦׹׹䣬һɲǼʮֻаʮ֮һǿƾѿС
ǣҶ֪ܿŲ˶õġ
ȻΪѾһɲǼʮģȻ޷̫á
鸮ҲŲӡ
Ҫǣ£ս౻ţһֱڹҶȴֻܱķأȥҶֻһ;
ͻȻ䣬Ҷƾոּʮѿ񵶣ҶиɲǣͻأģҶξƾյʧ
ΣҶֻóıֱơ
Ҷʧɲǣɫ䣬ս޾ɻ󣬾Ϸĺִ£ҲùŹޱȡ
ΪҲ޷ҵҶʱˡ
֮ǰʩչͨУҲԸӦＵĴ·λһɲǣҶȴƾʧˡ
ȻǵǿߣǽصΪҲǸǵģҪȻҲᱻˡ
ڣһССͨ񾳶صСһȻӳķۣ˵ж𾪾ж𾪣
ǰʧʱҶޱȵĽһ㣬ҶʧʱＵ鶸ؾͽ
һͻȻ֣ǻҪġ
ҲǶеʱҶʱһＶڵصǱ޽Ʒˮ׼͹ＵĲҡ
Ҷ澫ԵĸӦＵ޽ۺϵĵرϢǳĺ
ַپһ㣬ƷҲпܵġ
ֻ֮к鱦ıܹ׷ӳս
ǰûܹɵġ
ΪģıӵеѾǳ٣ȱȫȫɲȫʢʱڵİս
һӵһϢôͻɿĻָò˶ãܹӳȫս
һˣҶͷͻؾһǳ˵뷨ܹʵֵķ
һɲǼһֵ֣ս֮ʣͷҶԺһҶעȫս֮ϡ
ҶʧʱԽＵԽš
ͻȻ䣬ƺǲԸ״̬±ĵȴҶ湥Хһһ𣬶ػһӰϿ
ʱϣＵĻӰ·ＵӰϿһ˲ϢҶĿɿڴ
ҶȻҲＵġ
ҪＵٶ̫ˣҶ׷Ȼһĵĸо
ͨɲǸǵġ
ＵӹҶ潣ͨĸǷΧɲǣҶָ͵Žգ
ɲǼ䣬ؼˮͽʳ˿аＣ
ʣ
ƣ
̶еָоֵɲǣ＾֪һٶȼͻΪҶа׵Ļӡ
ңֱ˿סĸо¾ʩչŲͨҲ޷
ƣ
ŭУ£ظϰٵѿУԸһͨ
ɲǼ䣬ҶŵָһҲǺʱƿԵʡ
¡¡
Ĺа͵شӺ鱦׹
͵һУ
һЦβ϶ظһޱȵı⣬ֱҶаȥ
һҴܣҶаףȻβ޸ɢ˴룬ϰٵѿиȻҶагٽأ֮С
ҶаͣＵβ޾ͳͣѿУȻҶаס
Ҷһ⻹ǵһַʽаס
ټɵҶаףת˲תΪλΪӰϴӰҶ˸ͣβѿвַͣＡ
£Ҷ淴ˡ
֮ͨ£Ｕٶٿ죬Ƕٵ꣬ÿһεĹ˿ҶҶӦԡ
Ψһ⣬޷ӣֹǿȳӣҶҲᣬֻˡ
ǣҶϣȴϲȥˡ
ȫٱά޷ӰҲ޷ãҪǣսڣѾϢˡ
һصߣսͨ񾳶صߣս£˵ˣڻܶԷҲûˡ
˵ϰӡ
Ϣ֮󣬷ҶӦԽԽݵＣ֪øıˣҪȻӦԽԽݵҶ棬϶ҵ
һ࣬Ｕ쳹ָΪȡʤҲֻӲӲˣ
ɲǣＵ͵һͣһΣԭҵߣطٰθߣ˲Ϣͻһǧ״Сľˡ
أ
һֽɵķصͨ
ΰθߵ״СɲǣӿһͷǳŹֵļУ͸Ｕ
һͷȫסƷ
˵ǣＵαǵǧ״СƷҲΪǧ״СҸӵĺء
ͨʹƵƷ
ʱ¾ʶ֮˾
ƾƷƾⷨصͨ˵۷壬ǽڵǿߣҲķɰɣ
˵ƾѹ׵ֶΣＣųϣ
̨ڵľУעＵƷеɲǣѾǰ״СİƣСٴαţҶ浱ͷ¡
״СİƸɲǣƷɢ⣬Ѿסޡ
һ㣬Ҷ棡
˵ĿһҪʵˣҪĳ
ͬʱҶҲӲӲϲˣ
Ҷײᶯõ׽ƣسҶǰָᵯһһ׽ͺХɳ


1486 Ҫ鱨
׽Ҷ֮ǰħؽʱƵĻϣһ׻ٸ֮ɵһƷ
ҶȡΪ׽ƣ׻ƣǷ
Ҷ׻Ƴʱ飬ħΪصĴħʦΪҶʱᴴ
Ҷ߶׻Ʒ𣬽һǣͻ⵽ش
Ҫ֪ħеħһ壬ͷǳǿʱҶΪҲڶѡ
Ҷͨ񾳶صΪٴδ߶׻ƣ֪
䣡
һݺݵĺＸס޺ƵʱϵͿʼٵڡ
ǣҶڼ׻ָ֮ûͣһһ·һＵơ
ȥɲǣƷ׹⻪ʼ˸
״Ｕɫ䡣
˲Ϣ䣬ʮϣ׽ȫֶ⻪ȻɢҶֱӺ䵽Ｕϡ
˳ԾǣＵǿȣȻƷҪǿ
Ҷ£ＵǼͨƷɿıƣʱＵƣֻǽƺĽһƬȻûеһʱΪ̿
˳Ծȴɵˡ
ôҲûϵ˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ澹Ȼѹ׵ɱв˵ھĸ׼ˡ
ڵǣѾ⣬αˡ
ϴĵʹＺƱԵѾɺ̿ˣһɵ˺£ʮϰټǿȣҲɡ
ҲսϾڵΣˡ
ⷨصͨ£ԿԽһѹҶĶ֣Ǿͳ˻ӣ
һǸߴǧ׵οʼС˲ϢС׸¡
СͬʱһΣζػһӰһƲӰܿҶĺ
ߣӣûţ
ǱܵģҶһһɲǣһ̤
һȦɫĹ⻪ҶΪɢ˷
ش
ɫ⻪ɢɲǣػϿյĺִ͵һûһͷա
һͬģ˷սߣͬʱһײһʱҳһš
ͬһɲǣＵҲ͵һ
شĽ¹һɽһ㣬ٶ͵һ
ٶȼ죬һֻٶһ߶ѣǸֹУҲһߡ
ʱոհѵͷ·𼯻һĺģƷѻϺĵ˲ϢĻɫĻ󱳾ҵȼ
ΪҪģȴ̺һ˿׾
˿׾£л߻Ʒױ£û̫ãֱӺ䵽Ｕϵʱ̺˿׾Ŀֲͻ᳹׵ֳ
һ˿˿ʱ͵［һĺʹһţһ˲ʧ١
һɲǵʧ٣ϾＵˡ
ϰٵ·һһĺģըͣ
ǿޱȵľˣѾս壬һһǵĺ֮£ıɿĻɽ̼¶ߵɫĹ
ĺ£ＵĹҲڷɿıڡ
һ˿˿׾ڲͣŰ᲻һ˿һ
һ˿žĿЦＵգû뵽＾Ȼڴ˵ء
Ǳһ۵ͨ񾳶صСһɱġ
ʵǡ
Ϊֱ̫ϵᣬѾʮԺֱϵᣬǼҪѪ֮һıֶΡ
ļУ£ãֱֶΡ
鵰òûó
ͣϵ̺һ˿ֲ׾ÿһδӺ󱳺˵ֶΣЩѡ
ѵҾҪȥ
Ｕһı벻ᣬΪ̫ѪֱϵᣬΪѽƱһĵϵѪű޷Ľ
ѽƱһ壬һѪҲԲῪģ
һСӢۣƺǺ˵ĶԣһγɽһƨĻȥǺҲ벻ǻزȥ˰ɡ
а̾һＱ۾ȴһɲǵĵ
ݣ
䣡
ƿյĺı𣬵Ｗǳķ֣û
𱬿ͣȴû
Ҫ֪𰡣ǿ궼Ӳ˵Ŀֲ氡
ܵģ۾ȥĿһ
ͼҶǵͨ죬µ겨ŭˣ˲Ϣ䣬＾Ҷʲôˡ
Ҷı£Ҷ浯ǼʮһԵĺա
׼ȷ˵Ǻ˸߿е޵ػ磡
ը޵ػҵ
⽫޵߻кִһ޵ػɵģҪǱˣҪָǻѿɾʹˡ
ִ¹ֽһӶػɲǣ˫
һöһöںִ𣬵ÿһö𣬺ִ¶Ҫֽһ̺׾ܰ
ڣＸղŵĸˡ
Ϣ֮󣬻·ɷɻң¶ëĺִ£ָȡһ£ȻսＣʤ
սǣȴһɵһ㣬ĿųϵĽ
Ȼʤˣ
＾Ȼˣ
ͨ񾳶غصսţصľȻˣ
ö˵ڶһλõĸо
ֱִ߲γѣȻɱһĲҽ
ҵʯ
ҵƷʯ
ˣＱʤֻаɵʣҲѺһƷʯϣ׼׼ٿƷʯ
˭뵽Ȼȫ˽ȥ
ͬһɲǣڰ
ѺעʱȻ˶ѺＣ׼ô˭롭
ֻע̨ƹǣһĹ졣
ʣֱ
еעߵµעȫʰٵһ飬һƷʯƽÿ˾ٿעֻһעҲһǧƷʯ
ƺˢʷעľ¼
İ𾪵𾪣̨ϣＵ飬ȴޱȵĿɬ
һҸǱ˷һһ·ĸоޱȽŶԣԲܡ
Ϊʲô
ΪʲôҪһһĿɬ
ҶǸһ˿Цݣ֮ڹؼʱ̷һ·ΪĴΪǱ޽ΪսĹУ͡رһҪԱ
ＣסǷһ飬о¥㣡Ҷȵ
о¥
һɬＵ͵˵ͷҼסˣＣǷһ


1487 
͡Ҷ鱨ʵǴ츳ͨһЩйＵ鱨ＵϢ
ＵıһС磬Ϊ̫ɵС磬ＲһΪ̫ɵС磬һСĿǰӵߵĵϵѪڰˡ
֮ＣȻǸСδ̳ߣǸС϶ŲСӰ
ȻҶˡ
ҶĴ½üˣɱ˲٣ټӶһСĽĶӣҲʲô¡
Ҷ֮ڹؼʱ飬ӲĿһʵǿＵܹ֪Ϣ
ҶɵĿģһѰСѣѰҲµ䡣
ԣʮа˾Ӧ̫壬̫壬඼һЩΪ֪СС
ͨ£ֻЩСˣ֪СϢ
ԭҶ滹̽û뵽㱨йＵıݣȻǳʺҶҪ
ϾĳС磬λ̫ܹ֪ͣҲǳޡ
ǳС磬㹻ߵĵλܹ֪ЩСϢ
ɴˣҶһ
ң˵棬Ҷ޳ܵĽ飬ôֻҪＲֺ޳֮ӦûشҶЩ⡣
겻ҶСӣ㡭ܴ󰡣ͨ񾳶ˣżʱ䡭Ծ޵ʱ򣬷ǵûдҶ
үģôһţֻвл֡ףԣɵ֣ҶүģⰮá
Ԫ鰢٩꣬ͼ˵˭ţ˹֣㡭
ȻޱȵĽҶһҶüͷһ壬ǿѹɽĿ֮£ʲô
⡭ֳ˹֣Ȼ鱻ֱ¡
˵⣬ûмʮĻۣǲɰɣŶᡭ
㡭
¡¡
Ҷֱһ߳ӱ죬ʱ˭£Ӿ˭
Ҷû뵽ոѵ龹ȻҲ˵Ĳʡģ뿴СðֵµӼһ˳˳ģѹġ
սʤＣ޵Ĺأ̳Ｕʤʸ񣬲ҪʤϣȥΡ
ĿǰʤҪսִЩɨҶһۣٴοʼޡ
ͬһɲǣҶ濴Ҳûִ£ϥڵأһŵҩͬʱȡƷʯסɿָ
֮ս˵һսҶȻûֶȫõһֶΣҪǣ̫ˡ
ڵĵ˸ߴɣȻ˵Ҷ鸮֮£ٻҪ̨֧Ÿǿȵսӣɽˮˡ
ڣҶĵһҪ񣬾ǻָ
ҶģڳߵУͲ̫һˡ
˵ʵ］ɱķĿǰڳߣûսˣҶȴսʤＣ˵սҶҲû
ʵϲ̣ÿ˶㣬ÿ˶гҲҶıǡÿＣЩ˵ı£ȴǡܹҶ档
ǵǿҶȫָʱ˾;İյҶ㡣
ޣ
һͷ߻״Ծ̨úüǩ״ߴ㱻
ΪʤߣһӵĻָʱ䣬λעʼִ˵
һעЩѡˡ
Ҷ淽űֵսʤĻʺܴ󣬵ǰصĹͷߣҲǸǵġ
֮УоԵ޵У˵˼ҵͨǡÿƶԷעԵ
ǰΪСҶûӵ˽˶ĵˣ˷һߺ
һӵʱתۼʯϷõҩָҶĵҲָһɶѡ
Ҷ㹻ˣ
˵ʵʤˣＣǷǳġ
ʵϣֵطóٶȡմŲƺǿ޷ͨ壬ŲСơ
ʮ﷽ԲĵطҲ׶ѣӵ̫ѪٶȵѽƱһ壬׵ľҲʱ䣬ѹ޷ӳٶơ
£Ｖսڵߣûʲô⣬ǱҶˡ
һߣҶ滹治
ʱ䵽޿ʼ
źִµһ£װ쳹
һ֣Ҷаס
սĺ֣ۣô򵥵һǺǣôͶ㲻أ
ӦӦͿԽˡ
ǣԸʱǸоȫһ
ͷֻǰһźװֱ鸮͵شһ飡
̫ˣ
׹ٶ̫ˣ
쵽֪Ӧԣ֮ǰõӦԷʱƺ̫ˡ
ףҶһУΪʲôҪ޽ֱʩչմŲƵͨܿˡ
ϧǣմŲƵͨ
а׺ɲǣͷΨһң볡֮ǰѾȫƷҲ߶
ӦòһǺɱɡ
һɲǣͷҫš鴤ðź̷˳ȥײ޵ػ󣬵ڵأڲͣĳ鴤ţ
˻
һƬ
ܣǻôֻＶһͨ񾳶صļһﻹ˲սôûˣʵЩȲ֮ǰš
ڣص߱Ҷһкɣֱ²ѣ׹
Ｒǰ̫ˣ
ＣҲܹһоͽǰͷ߻ԡ
ȺйսＣһĻɣɫҲûǰôѿˡ
û취˵ͨԼĳ֣֮Ǿǳ裬ǸֵʵԽǿݳԽ٣Ǹǿһ̶ȣҫпܵġ
ھ뷨Ҷսǿһ֣Ҿͼһ֡
ϿյĺִٴĿҶһۣģһãʷΪſܾҪڴˡ
ʤ˭Ҫޣ
ִһ飬ȻӦޡ
ޣʱһӣأҪʤˣ˭ޣִ´
ںִ´ߺȵͬʱȺУһĵߣĶϵҶ档
ֻҶʱעĿͬĿ̫ˣѹ޷⵽
аף鱦𣡻ӰˣĴصѰҵǸʧٵҶصһģһ
Ҫһͨ似˻ĸʷǳ󣬵аףɲһܹɹģں鱦ܹӵеģϵĺ鱦
ҲǳһصغϻʶСˣĸصغϡ
ңΪҲǳͣȻͨ񾳶صΪҪѰǸҶӾ߲٣ǣΪǻģ𣿡
߳ɣ߳ɵİհ٣ѰǸϷɾ´ˣ֪ͨһ£ĵѸʧȺС


1488 ʤ֮
ɵϲһ¥ڣӢΧСۣһ˳༫ΪһȴмȥΪᣬһ䡣
ǰĲʳҲǳɫǰһ⣬ǰǼˮǻ꣬ɢһûһ˿һɢ
ȥԾȻͬ꣬ʱȴ˵ЦͻȻ䣬һӴ˴󺺵Уиһ˿Ȼ
СӾȻ˴ˣ
üëһ˿ˣȴû˵ȴ͵̧ͷɣ
һɾͶ޻֮ȥĳӣ̨أ
̨㱻˼ҸɱˣӲ˼ҵһ飬Ƿ˼һ˵
£͵˫ۣ˫Ŀк䣬ôѲī˻ߺ١һһ˳ˣ
ԣ󺺿Цһ£ǣһСһңֻͨ񾳶صΪ
£ֵǻĻζˣ˵㲻ɣͨ񾳶صСһҲսʤֻСӣҪСӵܣ
ǣͨ񾳶صΪСһһ鱦аס𡢵شѱĻӰַǳ֮ͨ⣬ٻһ޷ߵͨΪĴ˵
£ǧζޱȵľȣ嵽ͨСôģ
ͨ񾳶ʱһͨڿ֮аɣСǴ̥Ϳʼͨ𣿡
ͨ޴󣬵ǳļѣҪȻҲ֮Ϊͨˡ
ͨǳӣȱҪţ¶Ҫʮʮ꣬ҪɣûĿ๦ǲܵġ
оͨ˵ĳʱȫȫָ㣬ҲҪʮꡣ
һ޳ɣȴޱȡ
Ｕķʩչһ˾ͿԶԿûиľޱȵ
Ҳ
˵䣬һ˴УСӻˣȷʵˣңȥ˵һ̫ˡ
ߣСڶʩȥȥҽյҵĺ̨Сӻʲô˵
δ䣬ζľѾʧԭأһ΢紵ζ粣˱ӣ
״ҡͷЦСӣõǼôˣû
Ǽͬһ㣬ҪǶʱǻ治ˡ˵ţǧ̵Ŀ⿴޵ķ򣬡ҪҪȥ
ԣ΢΢һЦǧҪõȥֳ
ǧЦŵ˵ͷ΢΢˫һǿޱȵغնһɲǣǧһӣƾսһˮһľ档
޳ָӹڵΣʱ˺ֵĸϣҶǷķ˿Ҳܹ
ڵθֵɲǣһͺ档
̨϶߷·׼һ㣬һĶƵתţӭҶаס
ƹ⻪һһǿסҶа׵ĺϲӶĺ쳹
һааأһ
аµɲǣߵĶƾͱа׵ĺ£˲ҽŷɳںڵ׾˸˳鴤
⻭棬ôǧ̵ͬʱһ䡣
ȷʵаףȷʵ˾аףЩаͨĽǿ߲ҲΪ˵㣬ҪȻ
ǧ̵ȴһ˵ζϵʤΣ
Ŀһ˼˼µĿǰͨʵǿһܹսʤζȻ츳ʤҲôףһеǰǣζǼ
Ǽʤְɡ
ǻζǼɡ
ǧ¶˼飬ǶǼζҲǱʤ
٣ȻҪȻΪСÿֻǿٵζһ֮ͨ󣬾ͷɿսȦΪʲôǼɵζǼ
ͬһʱ̣ɵ⣬پһ֣Ŀ´ޡ
ޣĥսͻƿĵطǰǣܹŵסĸֳ֡
ڣƺôһӣͿܹŶˣ
ͬһɲǣǰʧܱߵĵߣзĸݣ˷ޱȣĸͨɲǣ
ˣҪֻ㱨


1489 Ǳɷ
ò˵Ⱥ壬а˺ܶడ
ҶЮʤ֮޵һݵĿհ֮߾ͽӶĳ֣Ҷ潫ǰܵﲻ
ν޵һ޵ڶ
ǰһ߰ܵٲңΪ˱ǰҰܵҪǿϼֻ֣ΪսԣԾԾԡ
Ҷԣ֮Ķ֡
˭ǾһаףһаײãǾǣа׻ãǾļǡ
̶̰ʱҶѾǰ޵ߣʮʤ
ʮʤսᣬǼ޵Ŀʼǽ޳ɹôҶ潫õһĳƺţʯΪ̡
ɵٷ涨޽ʱ䣬нӽһʱ֮Ҷ滹Ҫһʱ
һʱ֮ڣĳս߳ܲ˵ġ
ҵǣǰһʵ̫ˣÿҶ涼һа׽ÿ˸Ҷ湱һӵϢָʱ䡣
ĿǰΪֹҶڵѾָ˰˳֧࣬һսûκġ
Ҷ֮ǰʩ֣ǰߣ߸߾״Ҫ̨ޡ
ߵ飬ǲײĲᣬֱд裬ԸûϳǰˣȫǲԸġ
޵ĺִ¸һĻڵ֮ѡһҶսȻǰǸҶսĻѡһ
ʱһɢź꣬ͻأľ䵽м䣬λһˣ
һ״߾Ͳˣƽضܣ˵Ŀ֮ˡ
ƾʲôôҲи
ϸܱɲǣһˬʱ󺧣ԹԵı͡
һ˸žӨ⻪ļɿĴӻαĽŵӳѾߵĽ档
ߺ͵ǣոǵĽ棬ǵ˫ţʧȥ֪
֮Ҫϣ񲻡
һɲǣͬʱͷøСһ㣬ϣϣ
ǲˣ
ԣζ΢΢һЦµļǳˮһأȻе״
ֱζ̤ޣߵ˫Ųָ֪ˣһۣɴһȺ֮С
ζս£ζ˹֡
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ҶûʲôӦ֮սǣȴǸʧɫĿȫе˻ζϡ
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棬û뵽˪ᣡ
˪ӶˣһҪŲȥˡ
ʮǰ˪ӻζѾ޵ˣ˵ܱΪս֣Ĺڵսб̨ġ
ʮǰ˪ӲصΪʮ꣬˪ѾصΪˣʮǰΪѾɱɱˣ
˱ˣʮǰ˪سڣڣʮ󣬱˪سڣغڡ
˪ӵٶȾȻҵİ˱࡭

ζһţܱ߾͸ը˹һ㣬۷׷ס
Ҷʯɨһۣ˲Ϣҵ˻ζ֣ʮǰζ
֮һ֣ڿԷһˣҶ泤һЦŻζĿ⣬ս쭡
ζ¶һ˿ζЦݣ֪ûҷһʸ񣿡
⻰ʵЩ۸ˡ
Ҷ潫ζ϶ΪԷһĶ֣ζȴûнҶΪֵһĶ֡
ӸԵϣζɫѹҶһͷ
ҶȴһҲգףˣ޻δʼսȴѾʼ
ûǸᣡ
˵䣬Ҷ˫һΣڵʹӿһ׻½ƵƷҶ֣𸲸ϣʱҶһ˶
Żζ̨¶һ֣ǱޱȵϢҶжϳζĹص㡣
ей֮УԽϵǿҪƻ̶ȣȴҪϵϵ
Щĺߣƻǳǿ󣬾ηɰ׵޺ɷǿޱȡ
ԣҶһʱʹ߶϶ȷǳߵ׻
ҶΪʦôƻ
ֻҪԴ͹ѡʺԼĻҶ棬ȴֱԼʺԼԼĹصޱϵĻ
ԼصޱϵĻʵսУԷӳǿã֮ǰ׻һ㡣
ҶĶζٴһ䣬Ҳʸһսˡ˵ţһ̤˵ı˪磬ʱͿʼɲǼ䣬ܱߵ¿ʼٵ½
żϢĹ޵ĵϣѾһ㺮˪кˣǣֺ˪ϣȴΪ硣
ζڵɵĵϲ˺˪Ҷڵĳɵڡ
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⼸겻йľʶԾҪˣػϿյĺִµ񶸵رޱȡ
սԳԽӴһˡǲ֪սʤΡ
˵ʵִô꣬۹ܶζʵʮǰǿֻǸǿȴЩԲ׼Ҷ档
ΪҶĳЩֶΣҲ֪Ҷ浽ʩչʲôͨ
ʱ䵽ζսս
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ͬһɲǣϰٵ׶·һҶ棬Ҷ沼ɵĻĻЩ׶ɴ˹䵽ҶǰںҶ֮ڣųڻ
صءᡣ
㣬û㣡
㣬ʵѹ֮⣬治֪ѾȫţҪҶүһ㣿Ԫ鰢һ²Ѹ߸ߵĹ
㡭ȫšܺã󳤵ԵҶ棬⻰ͻȻһϲ
ðԲ򵥣ʱ򣬾Ҷ治ãҲ
һɲǣֱһеı˪쫷Ըʱ׻ƶسҶǰһů⡣
ҶһһɵĻӭǵ˪쫷磡


1490 ټ鱦
䣡
µıֲĸײһ𣬴Ȼͬʱ͡˪
û˪ĸ塣
ı˪Ҷ˲Ϣ仯ˮǱɷֽˮ˺˪
ֱ仯һɲǼϰٴΣ˲Ϣ䣬ڲͬɾһ㣬˪˰ããһƬ
ùսǲɵô󼱣˾ʵĶԾôܳɣ
ˮһйڲ
ͬʱ޵ػ͵رһȦ⣬ߵȫ
֮ʱϽκڲִɭϵ˲߼ץ
Ȼıͣ˪ַݣͻȻ䣬ζĴЦʹ죬ʹ죡ôãһͲٵģһС˪飡
ʮⶸشӻζָɳÿһɳɲǣͷɿһ˸ŵǹǱɷɵı˪ˡ
ʮλ˪˲ϢɣɵɲǣͽҶ档
ǹһͺʮλ˪ˡ

ʮλ˪ŭһ̤һÿһλ˪ϷһɫĹȦʮ˵Ȧ˲ϢںһϢðޱȡ
ҶȥɲǣȻ˲ĺһǵ˪޻ʮλ˪˵ļӳ£Ȼ
ͻȻ䣬ҶüͷһͷС
УʱѾʮ˸εԪУȴʮλ˪һ߽ܻζļӳ֣һ߷мȡԪ׳
ɲһ尡Ҷɫһ䣬ҪôȥʱԽЩ˪˵ʵսԽǿҶɾΣˡ
䣬üζ߳һȥ
ʱʮλ˪˾ʹҶȥһ߳Ҷ棬һҶ淢ָĹ
ʮλ˪ˣʮλһ㣬ÿһλ˪˷ĹȻͬ
̵̱ȵȣۿţҪҶһΣյľ硣
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ǡ׻𣿡
ͬһɲǣҶһ̤ɫĵشŹ⻪ˮһɢɲǣʮ˾߱˪˵ٶȾͱޱȣͶ·һ㡣
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ͬʱҶÿһʩչʱ򣬶һаס
аּ׼ζûŲֻͨӲӣǱɷޱȵǿһӲʮа֮Ҳ÷ǳĳ
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ͬʱѹŻζͬʱҶҲѰһᡣ
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һӶشӻζԺɳűɳɲǣҶһݡ
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ݶеˮеҶ棬ʱȴͷ亹
ֱǱǺ鱦ϢĿ죬ǰݳҪȻͱζɵˡ


ͻأģһڻζ棬Ҷƾճ֡
Ǳܵģζеı鶸һΣҶոճֵΣͱζĺ鱦
ȻζϲãҶ汻ͻػޡ
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ǻζɲǣʮɫ⻪شк˻ζͷ
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ӦϹĸͬһԭ
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ܵģζ磬ķʮ÷Ԫ롣
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һ֮󣬻ζ׹˸ŵ˵ϳ鴤


1491 м
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ңһû˵ԣͨԶǻζܹȵģҲǻζΪѹԵƣҪͬΪ£ƻζֵĻᶼûУһء
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ӵǱϷԤĻҪ󣡡˵Ӱ⻪ͻһ񣬡Ͽʼֵӵһ𣬼ȵȣȻְշƻ
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⣬̨սȫ۲죬ӵϸ̫ϷԸ
ף𹧾ĵ˵ͷ
ڴͬʱңԶıڣõ㱨ıҲһ˷ܣҶм˵


1492 
֮Уͷϵһɢ޾ϵıڴڽⲽ
ʱǰةһǳ¹شةʵڵȴ
ة
룡
ة첽ӽ֮Уڱע£æͷ£ܺʵģѾʵˡ
ɵڽȷʵһλս˵̫ĻζսǱѰ
ңҲפܹԣаס𡢻ӰȾҪǣӵһϵĺ鱦һֱѰҵıƷҶĹص㣬ǳķϣ¿Ըߴ߳ɣ˵
߳ɣ
ǵģ£Դ˿ҶĿԣֻ߳ɡ
꣬ҡҡͷڱӦøߴ˳ϣ⣬Ӧþǻ֮ıƷҶˡ
ҲֻܽΪʲô⼸Ƕ˺ĲƸͨ˱ڵĲˣȴûеõһ˿һҶϢ
ûҶڱֹҲֻ⣬Żֿܣ޺޵
£𱱺ķأһ£Ӧÿ֤Ҷˡةͻ˵
ޣȷҶ棬£һĺ档
£֮ǰ˵ϣ̺ŵĶƹ񣬶е˽ߡ
˵ͷţ˵㻹˵󲻴ιüλˮн顣
£пд֮ʣ̾ƽ½һﺣŵûʩչǺͷްԾͱµɱɱǸްԵģзǳѲ񽫣
ݵĿԣѲ񽫣ֻǽһصΪѲ񽫾ڴҲΪϡ˭ָӵġ
ҶıϣǡþһΪոͻƵѲ񽫡
һɺɺϣ죬ɺ֮£ֻһͣǵʧıҶ棡ةȻ
鶸رޱȵøҶ棬ֲñѰԭ㵽أ˺ô⡣
ţ޹ĵȸΧ˶
û꣬ԸʹסˣҪܹҶ棬ð֮踣ˮѪϴΪİӰ῱Ѫˡ
ǣӰ῵ıҶ꣬Ͷ
ҪһԭǣҶʹõĿİӰ῵ǳĺ˺üλͥϳԽ⿪
˴ͱûн⿪ʲô֪
󣬻λмة붯ҵĳ˯Ϊİһ
Ȼûн⿪ٵóһۡ
ǸҶõǴ̫ʱڵԱ⡣
Ҫ뻯ַֻһʩɢȥƣ߱ΪﵽǱ꣬лķ
ۣñûը˷Ρ
Ҳ˵ֻҪӰ῵ΪûдﵽӰ῾ҪԶҶ档
ڵӵĺüǧڵıԵŶ룬˵ĶӰˡ
ûмǧ꣬ſˡ
Ӱ´Ҫ̳ıİ𿴱͵ģ屾ԪƳԪҲ˵ҲϣԺͻƵ
һƬҵֻܴиӰῡ
һ뵽δ˱ս꣬һʬĸоɱ˰
ףȻҶ˵ĲҵóȻ֣ݾ߸ῶ鷳ǿɾͲˡ
˵ԣҶҲʰҶ棬ʰҲ٣ة˵
Ҷ£ˣϿжҶ漫Ҫ֣Уǿ԰ˣȻԴвҶ棡ͻ˵
ԣةЦ£еһλ鱨ĿǰҶηɰףҶϵͬһ㣬ȱ㲻ҷˣҲƫҷһġ
ǣٶ࣬ҲȲ̫ӵһָͷ
ʱǸŮȥвҶ棬Ҷ治ʣǺ̫ӵ£
ҪǣǶǸŮģƱشݾߣҶ浱꣬Ǵ˲ĸݣһб䣬ҶһʱͿ֪ة
ةĻñһûȥ
ߴĸо̫ˡ
ô˵ǾֻĸɵʰҶˣɫ˵
£Ҷӻɵңѹ벻ѾֶΣֻҪ´ĸϹȥɱֲܹһٳܡة˵
£ȴԳ֣ڵֶܶãֻܻնɱ
ԣ˵ͷ㣬֪ڼƻʼʵʩ֮ǰͽῶ͵ĺͥǱ֮ذɣ
ϧҪÿֻڱῶ֮ϵһ£޲ϳǧΣ
ةҲЦڱ֮ϵ֮٣ʩչ
ǳڣʩչһ֮֮Ҳ޷ٴʩչ
ޱȵԣȽ̫ӱ͵ݲҪڱε֮١
ǵжҶʶƣֻ޷Ҷ׼նɱҶ֮ǰĸ֪ͨҼΪá
˵ͷҲãҪ˷ˣɾ鷳ˣǱޱȵı
£ɵ鱨ҶսˣһӰȥǿ߶͸ͨط
Ϊһ¿ɸְڶ˹ԶģȻʼǵɻҵ
䣬ûʶǵ֮ǰʮа˾Ż᷵ضáǵжɹҶ滹նɱҶ棬ôҲá
Ϊ̫ӵ¸ĵһĸ֣ÿѪϴ˶ة˵
˵ֲ꣬⣬սȻײ¶棬ȴǰ
һ֮ʧֻжҶʶƣ¾ͱȫ֡
ԣ˵ͷĹ滮ͽةˣ⣬˴ǰǱкʵĻᣬǲϧ¶ݣҲǿгնɱӡ
ةüͷһ壬£ǲ̫ðˣ
ð𣿡Цѵûз֣ӵĳɳٶ̫ˣٶȥٹʮ꣬ǱҲ޷ʰˣ
ʱ򣬾޴˳µıҲΪǱˮĴ󻼣


1493 ʮãã
ɵڣҹɫŨƺ̣㷱ʼɵݣûòֻ벻
ֻҪʯζŮӦоС
ֲͬ£о¥ڵһ侲ңȴǷİ
Ϊ°ܽǱҶһ°ܽһΡ
Ҷǰ˶ľ룬˾٣ңң֮һȸɣȻˬĴһã
һֵɼ֮֮ƺûôˡ
֣Լˣض¡］ǷһʲôҪＰ죬ܿڣһüͷͲˣž˵ϸ˼˿ƺ졣
Ҷôأڣ͸Ҷᡣ
ĳҲǶԹ֮Լǰȷѯĳм£һ֣
뽲
ֿ֪֮Уһ֮ˣӵɫ̫ѪҶʵ
Ҷ浱һ룬⣬ѰҲµ䡣
Ҷһλ½ʱŷºϱ棬ĸ׽û£λ󣬿û¡
׽ĿУ¿Ҷ˾Ĵϱһֱ߶Ľ
ӵɫ̫壿
⣬Ｕüͷ֣֪кüСĴѪӵɫ⣬ǣ壬ȴû塣
ң֪̫ѪǿҲ޷ӵɫģֻɫıԴޡ
Щ̫壬ڳ֮󣬾Խɫɫɫɫûӵɫ̫塭
ⲻܣ
ҶһĲţӵɫ⣬ĿõģǿＵģֲƭҶ档
֣̫飬֪Ĳࡣ̫Ծɫɫϣɫ⣬ܹıĴ˵
ҶЩɵˣնģƺĲܡ
˼һ£Ҷһʵ̫ɫ೤ʱߴﵽʲôΪǰԽΪɫ

һòģ˵ˣǸţҲüʮɣͨΪﵽŻ仯
𰸣Ҷǳ׵ãȻˣҶµʱ򣬲»ǻ龳Ѿɫˡ
Ｕ˵ʱ仹Ϊܡ
ҶޱȾģＺĴȥʵֿʲôˣ
Ҷ˵ͷΪ£ɫ⡣
ΪΣΣʦӺˣһ֣ʹúֹͨ
һʮ⣬Ҷ涼ſڽࡣ
·ֱѾʮˣʮҶ϶췭ظı仯Ҳˡ

ǺѰˣ̾һֻܿˣ
Ҷͻ̧ͷＣ֣ݺ磬ǧСϵΪܣɴĳѰλղ£κ䣬ĳл
˵ţҶһֵʲô飬ʲôǷһҲᣬֻҪܹĳҵµ䣬ĳǷһ
Ҷ˵ˬ죬ˡ
Ҷ涼ҪǷһˣʱǷҶһأǿĿ֮Ƿģ׿ڳ˵ġ
ҪǲӦ£ǾԶ֮ˡ
Ӧ¡
ＺҪ֮Ѱôһˣжѣ
ҪǣＲпӦ֮ˣһӦ£ٲʱʱ⣬ǿɱȻһѶˡ
ǣҶĿѾˣҪǲպûˡ
ˣĳΪԻ෽£һϢͻ֪ͨ֡
ԣҶĵ˵ͷ
ҶͲǸֵֻ֪ˣǰӣҶƺõġ
Ｕݲһ㣬̫̫֮磬СٮٮߣСĽϵΪܡ
ȥ̽µ䣬ǽӴɱҶҪ̫ˡ
£Ҷ］֮ʱ͡Ｕ鱨͵ҶĶеʱҶͼƻ¡
ҪȻҲڸոջ֮󣬿⺰Ƿһ¡
µ飬ȴǼãڲǱ˽ߵģȫⲻҪȻҶͼˡ
˽ϵʽĵҶô꽭Ȼ˼ıӣҲǺˬ֮ˣҲˬ֮ˡ
һе̳֪֮⣬֮У˭ӢۺܣҶʵ
٣֣ʶˣһޱȵģȻûĴ½Ӣܱ˵ʵҲû
Ҫˣָ类Ǹɵˣž˵
ޣɵҵˣⲻܰɣҶһģ
ʲôܵģǱ£һӷ츲أ⻹˵ı£Žоأһ죬ʲộٺ٣Ҳᱻһڸˣ˵
ޣӢܣ֪ںηĳǵûһǣҶһԾԾԵģ
һ
˵͵شһ飬ͷסһǸĿҶ棬ּ£λİҲ֪պлᣬȻΪ
ʱ֮Ҷˡ
һƣҶ֮ѳֵˣ뿪ıӰҶȴЩǸ⡣
ⳡƣʵǰǰＡ
ǰΪ˽ＵĹϵµ䣬Ϊ˴һ뿪½ԡ顢ͫ˵ء
½ԣԪһ֮ˣһ֮ڣҶɵ뷨ϵ⼸λ
Ҷţ⼸λӦòң＿֪ĿǰĻҶͷˡ
ǱҶ֮ȴûлסĵطֱζլԺ̫磬ɵ¹һƬƤ׬˲٣ԸլԺ
ʵζǧ̣ɵԸլԺ
ζڰɽסլڣǧ͵ˣζո˽
ǽиҰ׹ڹڲ˵·һһģǶǱа׸ġ
ǧ̣̫ܵˣСҲ̫ˣһɱҰ죬죬һҪΪұ𰡣Ｕʱ򣬻ζޱȵΧǧߥޡ
ǧ̰һҪΪҳڶСӰˣҲˣ͸û˵ֻ㣬ֻܹʰСӣ˵Сӳһĳ󡣡
］ζҵ˾һ㣬һһıĵǰһＵǧ̣СΪ߲嵶£㲻ɣ
⡭ðɣлһԣǧЩΪѵӦ
Ｔһ£ʵҪ˼ǧ̳ЩԥҪǧ̲ѣһ־ǷǱѰ
ǲ˵ζＴǧ̣ܸܲǸڶȫˣ


1494 ɽ
ӣʱˡ
峿Ҷڴ͡У˫ܲ׹⡢⡢ˮ⡢̹⡢Ϊһ壬ɿȥ
սҶĳֶþȡʤ״̬£Ҷ潫ͨط߶µͬʱҲƽʱ񼰵
ϥһҹҶһֱ˼սеĳ̣ĳЩͨ÷µ⡣
ڴ֮ǰҶĶֻ֣Ҫǽ֮µģޱǿа׺ܹ㶨롣
㲻ģҪ˺ҪƾݶߣĲУ۾ġ
£Ҷսǿߣа׸㲻ģ۾ȱܿδĽйһʹս
ҶĴ½ﹴĶǵĺʵٵսȴû١
һսҶͻȻ䷢֣［ǻζʱƶܺá
а׻ֻݻеشֻǺʸľͨȵȣÿһＺͻζĲҪǿ١
ôõƣȴҶˣֽŲսʤˡ
֮ǰа׵ǿԵҶ̵ֱͬʱȻּɡ
ڵĻ˧֮УʮϵطԽֻһϡ
죬ҶȴǷǳľȻʹһ𲻹ǾǣǲǾǣǻһһɵĻ
Ǳȭͷ󰡣ǰù֮ģȫӵԺˡ
ҹ˼ҶͻȻ䷢֣ǹɵˣ˵Ļ˧еط꣬ҶĿǰʵӸûɣ
һ꣬Ҫ˱ϣ㲻һǺɱζȥܹشＡ
뵱꣬Ҷ濿꣬ΪڿʱƾǺһ𣬾ܹشΪߴͨ񾳾۷Ļɳ̣ǿǸ󾳽ʮС簡
ǿǼɵޱȵ𣬸һ󾳽磬ȴζԸˡ
ò˵һֿɱ˻
ȻҶҲԸ˻ôġ
Ұ޲ҶøľǽģһСģͻὣˣԼɼ֮ܣչôʡôܹ˺ô
ҶõһľʲôҰϮϻʨֻһܽʬ
ö֮Ҷϰ˾İԵɽУͻȻһȺչƤëͨҰ޼ޡ
ͻȻͲôˣһȥЩˡ
ҶҲͬһоУó̵ȴ˵ƾһľҲնɱɽʨ
ս֮£Ҷ淴˼ԸĲ֮ͻȻ˹
ǷžãҪð
ҹҶٴһĻ˧С
Ļ˧һսһÿÿʤǿҲ֮ܣÿһõϣ˷һ˿һ
ҲգҶʶ˵Ļ˧ֵһµأƺչҶǰ
ʱҶ׷ǼɣʵһɣҶһֱ׷ΪҶףĻ˧Уʵʵ뼼ɵϡ
ɴ򣬾һ֮£Ҷʱ֪Լƴжˡ
˵ģָ̾ĸƶõĺãǷŷҲԽ˷
̫֯ˡ
ʣõĺãҶúʽ˹̶ԭأȻа׻ɱ
ֻľͨҶֱ˷ˡ
սʱҶֻҪ׼Ų֮ǰֻҪ߳ôԴһһＵմŲƣ＾ֻܹΪҶа׵Ļӣսʱ䣬̨ˡ
ϣҶ־ͿɣҶȴرɽá
޻ˣĥս֮أ
ƿŵʱ򣬾ͷСèͬʱҶĻ͡ȴͶϴˮˡ
㡭䣬ĲġŴ͡ҶЦ
ӣСӦõġ͡ĽңҶʪëˣСҿյ˻ô꣬춼ĵģ˯ҪŶߵĶ˯
ÿԸҪڿ˼׬һʯһЩΪֲұ¶㱾£±˵ɹˡ
ԴӸ˹ӣĵһ˯ˣÿղΪƲģΪԴģ͵Ķöòꡣ
Ҫź㣬ʲôҪ˯žˡһ߶һ߿Ҷ澻棬ֵ˴ʪë
Ҫ˯žΪʲôҶ߲ʡ
£ӣ⻨ݲèţģеôҪûôǾֻһ˳⡣
Ҫûôò˶ãҲҪûˡʱ򣬾㹫ӸͣСҲûǲ͡˵
͡һҶһһģ㻹˵мֵ
ⷬ͡ҶҲǳ⣬ûڵײƴǲ֪ײĿࡣ
Ҷ浱۵ӵʱ򣬲ҪΪΪԴҪ۵ӵֶΡ
ԣʱ̬Ҷȫ⡣
Ҷ˼Ṧ򣬴͡ѾֱϷһһʳС
ۣðİӣζСˡ
״ҶЦЦҲûٶ˵ʲôֻǽŴ͡һ緹
ʵڴ䣬Ҷ˵ģ½۵ӵ̶Ȼһɳ졣
䣬ֳϦУǻʮˡ
һ֮Ҷ̨ˡ
ӭų⣬ܱѾͷܶˣոӵ֡
Ҷ޳ɹΪһһҹ֮䲻ɵҲܱߺ
߶ԣƽַݵ֮ͨɱѾûжٿͷˡ
ǣÿһ֮ʱܱ߾ͻޱȵ֣ǰսᱬըʽ
Ϊ֮֮ս㲻ÿһ֣ÿԻһʾ׵ս
ĳ׵Ծ˺ƽ֮޶ĴСڵ¾λ֮޺ִ䭾ͳϷһ޵ػȽȽ
֮սһޣһɵִ
һɲǣҶӦԾޡ
һѾλߣ
䭻صͬʱλǿ߾ͬʱն䭻״
Ҳ䭲鿴״ΪҶѡ֮ʣͻĪĲһ£һޱۺԵԽն·һ˫۾һ㸩ϵҶ档
ͬʱһһͬʱԽն·۾һĬĬĹ۲Ҷ档


1495 һĶԵзʽ
յһսսԪսһִڼλ߻õ£״ţҳ˵һλߡ
սԪΪߴ۷壬ɢһֵɷӦþΪڽ޷ͻơǰѰҴսͻƵߡ
ֹսԪüǰսҶߣϾϡȱԴһСı˺̨ϵսͻ֮ͨˮսǿɾûĥĶˡ
սԪ֪۷Ѿʮˣʮ꣬ÿһϵսԪ֣һһֵµġ
Ŵδսûͻƣǿߵս˵ţĿ⿴˻ζ㣬Ǽ鱦ʤսԪѡ
ܱߵʵ̫ˣɽ˺ģԣ󡢻ζＡǧ˸޽ľ¥ǧһĨڵξͳǰķϡ
ô˵սԪսʤҶĿඣζü
ʺСҲûпܣ˵
쿴ʼˣＺ
ͽ̣
ϣҶ湰֣սԪ֮һȴǻˣȴźִ
״ҶĿ΢΢һսԪӦǸ֡
óޱǿаףѾǺܹ鱨ˣϳĴߣһʱ䶼Ҷаס
ںִս֮ǰսԪΪֹеġ
ǰˣս鼫ḻǿߡ
ս
һɲǣ𣬺ģҶаס
·׼һ㣬սԪǸһ˿Ц΢΢һ͵رģ
ҲһɲǣսԪɫش䣬ʩչݷͨ׼ܿҶа׵ɲǣīɫ棬Ľ棬ӲĽϼ޵±ʵ
һʣսԪʱʧȥа׵ĻᣬаѾͷ£ֻӲײˡ
սԪҲ˵ãȭϸһ˫ȭף·һ͵һȭϺɽȭӡʱͺаס
аޱȣֱԴݿ֮ƺǣսԪȭӡȴһصƵ
ÿһ𵴣ὫҶаһ֣˲ϢĹȭӡڣҶаȴѾʧ
һĻùսǾ⻹ǵһӲӲĽҶаףǿź鱦ӳֵаס
ս߸ͬʱҶȴǿҲûָᵯǴ͵ͼХźսԪ
ҶǱųһ͵ΣûнԴﵽ꣬ѡ
սԪйâһһ̤涸һº׵ܻǰ˷ۿɼսԪ˫ȭ֮УȭӰ
䣡
䣡
һ죬˲ͼ̳ߵٴαģѡ
ػĸ֮£ߵ޷ģߵΣ⽫սǼץ
һɲǣһӰ·ڵһ̳еɶݺݵײػϡ
ʱеĹսߵĺסˡ
սԪ建Ĵػϻ䣬һޱȴĿѪѪ·սԪϣһڷգԼսԪĲҺ
һڹսʱĿɿڴ˶ʶĳ˳ӣƺᵽսԪһյĽζսԪĲҽ
ʤ
ִ䭵ͺһޣ纣һӿٵսԪϵһ𲢼׵ˣְ
⣬߻ãŸսԪҪ޵ߣȴǸһ
һĪҸУظͷ
ҿǰ
ӣŶۣŶҰҲ̫̬˰ɣ
ͨ񾳶صߣȻһڽɱһ۷Ĵڡ
ңֵǣɱ
ΪսѰͻţǿͱɱˣͻƸƨ
¥ڣ龵еΣＡζǧ㣬˵
ôͻȻôˣҪһϳͶóһУҲǱɱɫЩ԰׵˵
ҲòȥСôͻȻͱǿˣζУҶղֻģ
Ҷϳı֣̫ˣҪҶϳҪ򣬲߶鱦Ҫɱˡ
ȴһĵĿǧ̣СͻȻôǧ̣Ҫ㻹Ƿսɣ
ԣζͬʱǧ̣
˵ĵӣǧȴЦˣˣҵĶԵзʽȫһսǿ󣬸սȴûжٲ𣡡
һ֮һɨ֮ǰеĵģٴдģ


1496 ֲ
ϣҶ˫ŷŵսͷЩп
ǡ߳һҶʤҲʤΪ
⾪ϣսߴϰҶ棬ҶսĪ
һս֮һʱ䣬ԾԾԵ߶Щˡ
УǼϢ۲ҶҲزѵĲ
ȻҶղűֳЩԾ
Ҷȴǰ˫˵Ļ˧еõطڣҶЩ׵Ļ˧ΪʲôܹԽΪǿˡ
ЩطõսʱըʽĻ˧ÿһطʱŻٵĹϵͨ޷ʹõġ
ҶĿǰ裬ǿ󣬴󲿷طѾԶˡ
ƾЩطΪѾ̤ͨ񾳣ҶڣҪѡһʵͨˡ
ͨط·Ҷǿϵġ
ԿԽҶĺӳķͨͨϰ֣ܹ򵽵ģͨĻɫ
£ʩչķصͨһ붼С
ɵȾĴϣɫһʵͨطҲҶһεĿ֮һ
Ѿ޵ڶˣ޵Ĺأܶ޼ϵԼʤĲͬԻõĲͬͣ
Ƕʤʮʤһ޵ĹأܻܵߣͿԻʮƷʯ͡
ͬʱÿʤһͻһƷʯ͡
⣬޵ĹأӶʼΪߣֻҪɹһ죬ÿʤٳͻöƷʯĽ
һʱޣִ䭵
ͣҪ̼սҶ档
ν֮±·ʮƷʯѾһСĿˡ
ҶʤȥͽɵĻ۵ʮƷʯϣϣǰƷʯҲеġ
ƷʯͰ
Ǵܵ۹һ壬¶ûҡ
ʤһܹõ֡
񣬵ʱжߵӻǺģص֮£»߷һսҶ档
ͻȻ䣬ҶЩΪʲôôˣûʮ
˸߶֮£սﲻָǿȵĳսܹȥ
ֻҪһΣͻߵߴĻᡣ
Ǻִ䭵Ļصʱ򣬾һޡ
һصߡ
䭸ոսɲǣʮ˸ɭɭɫ⻪ľ޴оƾҶͷ֣˷Ҷ
ҶĿ죬ο˫ĳɢͷУҲǱ˸⧲
޴ķն˸š
ǿߵȫµķа
֮£ֱͽҶƷù⻪һҶڡ
Ҷ汾ˣֱеķ𣬿Ѫ硣
ͷֻҶƤһӡѣ֮ԿѪҪϵ̫ǿˣֱҶڸ
Ҷĺ壬ɲǸǵġ
صߵĺɲǸǵģתһһͷзɿ֣ٴ˱ɵҶ档
һΣҶͲκλˡ
ڶлδҶξƾʧˡ
Ϣ֮öļХУص߾ڻвҽŷɳ֮ѾڣǱеĵطѾ˽̼
ûƣûҲǻָ
Ҷŭˣһ﷽ŵĹм͵Ϯ֮ӡ
Ȼںִ䭡սֳڲŹģǾͷеȴ׼ˡ
ۿҶѪˣ̨¹սǣз׷¶˷֮ɫ
ˣǵĻ͸ˡ
ܵԽ࣬ǵĻͻԽԽࡣ
ô޵ô군ģ
ô군ģ
Щս˷ܣڹ۲Ҷĸǣȴһء
ǿûǿȫµķУֻյҵһӡյҵӦûһǿšƹڣ龵ϵΣһء
յҵģ˲ٵʵеĸǿ󡣡ζЩǵĿǧ̡
ǿҺθɣЩҵսûκӰ죡ǧ˵
һҾ¥ڣṩۿһߣŲѪҶ棬
ʵȥֵĳ֣Ϳܲصˣ
˼ͨ񾳶صСһȻӵкüǿͨʵ˼Ϳֵܼܲҳֵʱˡ

ɵ⣬һһ߷Ƶĸ̾ڵȴźʵĳֻᡣ
һ֮ϵսٽʼҶѪԭһ޵ߣʮ
ңڵߣʵǿ
ǷصһսҶϾˡ
޹ٷľ޶֮£Ͼͻɲпɱ¾ǰ޵ߣǻ᲻ֶεԸҶ档
ܻƴżλԱ˻ȡشҶĿܣȻһλԱҶȡʤ
սֵĻǷǳߵġ
ԣӵʼҶ治ޱȵĽҲǳĺ
̨֮ҶĽͨͻḲǿκСᱻҶ
ңڿսĵһʱ䣬Ҷͻشߡ
аףֻ꣬ޱȵİԵ
ʱ䣬ҶӰһʮһսʮһսУҶ浱ɱߣѾﵽˡ
⻹ҶÿһʤϢһӵ¡
ȻӰߵ飬ÿһ˵ʮҪսҶ档
ԭܼ򵥣ṩѾﵽʮƷʯˡ
Ѿһ߷ˡ
ĿǰĲԣǿʵˣвһʱ޾ҪˣҪϳˡƹڣǧͻվ
Сĵ㣬СַǳĺһСģҪɱ
޳ǧ΢΢һЦҵֶΣǻ֪𣿡
ζСӣǳڶǿɱǴӦҵ飬Ǹҷڡǧһ׺ݡ
ǧ̣ͿȥɣһζһԾŶʲôʱԶŹζŵ
Ƕ˶տЦһ£û˵ʲô
ҶһȴȥһֶκܹļһʵЩ
߰ɣһȥֳȥǧ
Ϣ֮󣬸ոյǧʮȿֺߵУΪ״Ϊ˱ߡ
ǧ̤޵ɲǣҶüë͵һ


1497 ǧ
ô˵أһֺĸо
ǧ̤޵ɲǣҶ͸оӦΧڣͻȻ׾׳һŲҶһֺܱŤĸо
ԸһĶֵͻȻһڱ˵磬Ź֡
ܵģҶǰɢϢӾޱȣʱͽͨ߶˼¡
Ѿ鸮֮УöѾţֻȺִսֱӽǰΪߴءΪǧ̻ɢϢӸȥ
ս
ݣ
ƿյļХ쳹ֵһɲǣҶһ
ʧˣ
ǧ̵ϢȻʧˡ
ʧĽϢĿ֮ǧȻҶĶ⡣
۾õϢ͸Ӧ
ӦϢҶ׼Ⱦʹȵ½
ǧֻ΢΢ŲҶöʹ߿գػ֮ϡ
Ųͬʱǧͻһޱȵָϸ֮֫һڣʱһַ̬֮
ģҶ񺮲ѡ
ǰλ˰
ҲһɲǣһѤõķξƾճǧ̵ָϣһתʱ͵һȦȦ
ֵɲǣҶʱ䣬⣬ʻ⡣
ɫⰡ
Ҷʱʶ깥
깥ķţ඼˫۾йء
۾۾
ǱܵģҶ۾ͼܿԷ깥
һɲǣҶĽͨ͵һ󲨶ɢȻ·𴥽һҵҶɢӦȻֱӽҶ˽ȥ
û˽ȥ
ͷ·Сһ㣬ֱӽҶһȦȦ֮С
һΣҶһС
ǰҶ濿ɫŰɫɫ⣬ѹԵƣڣҶҲָо
ɫֱӵ򰡡
һɲǼ䣬Ҷת
ƷϵĲ࣬޷ݵģ˵ǧ̵ΪҶ滹ҪǿҶƾɫ⣬Ҳ׵ĵҶ档
Ҳ˵ƾɫ⣬ҶǾ޷Կǧ̵ġ
Ҷ沢Դ֮ˣ˲Ϣ˴㡣
ɫɲǣҶһ㾡սڡ
ͬʱһϬޱȵĴɫɵļʸͼХźҶ鸮
¡¡
鱦׹޶شҶ鸮죬׹䣬һһаҶ鸮ɫ֮ϡ
ɲǼͽЩɫɵļʸ÷飬󣬺鱦׹޹⻪ٴһϵƸ֣ոҶ鸮ɢҪҶԸ鸮׹⣬ͱ鱦׹˸ɸɾ
깥Ҷ˸飬ǧһЩ⡣
ԭǰֵģû뵽һﻹⱾ¡
Ǽ鱦Բͨĺ鱦ֲƷ鱦
ǧ̶Ҷչ̽Ե깥ǣҶȫ鸮֮Уǲͷ
һǧǿҶаͻὫ깥顣
⣬սȴɵˡ
һοսʼ֮⣬˶һġ
ǣֻҪɵӣԿֽ֮ŵϢ
սＡζ˶һۣȴɣǷǳǧ̵ı£Ϊֹǧ̵ֱ£ûʩչء
ɫ⣿䭣ŵ㣬ҵССһˣòҵôһӣɲܱ˰ˡ
һƾճںִ䭵ĶУ䭵ýޱȡ
ɫ⣬˵ܷסܷסġ
˵·ĵ䭣ɫ⣬Ҳֻܲȡơ
ΪҾ޲𣿡ǧһָ̣ŵʷһɢ
Ҷʱۿһֻۣ΢Ӧһ£ͻ֣ᷢѾΧˡ
⿴ˣҶ棬ȴһָо
鸮֮⣬·ˮһӿҶ鸮Ҷ֮£Ĵ߶ź鱦׹ޣа׹磬ųҶ鸮ʻ⡣
⣬ǻûޱϮ֮ת˲ͱ任ϰֳ档
Ҷ澪ķ֣ϰֳ棬ȻȫԺеĳ档
ͻȻ䣬ǰһãó˴ĳ棬ġǻҶ浱ͳ˧ʱ龰
һĻĻϤѪҶͷ˿ҶаٶΪ֮һ
һ仯Ҷͷæ񣬵ͬһɲǣ鸮ܱߵٴΪ֮һ䡣
Ȼɽ龰ɽĺɽϣҶĸĸӵһӢ䣬Ҷɻʱʱǰָ䡣
ͻȻ䣬ɽͻضһͷҶĸĸĹ޵ĸγ̡
Ҷ󼱣ĸǼٵģҶ̽ɲǣҶͻؿĹϿ̵ǡ֮Ĺʱǻþ˲Ϣء
ҶԸȴһͷ亹һ㣬ǧ̵ĵˡ
ƺӦҶ仯ղŲһ˳Ҷ鸮ʻϢһ䣬رñŰޱȡ
һ䣬Ҷ游ĸ׻еܵҶһڱŰɱ龰
ǲҽǰȻҶǻ񣬵ҶѪ𵴣ͷ
ֳȥɱЩͽĳ嶯ƻĳ嶯ԽԽǿҡ
Ҷһȥǧ̵ĵ걻شԶǧ̵Ļ֮УɷӰ׳ա
ֳ嶯ȴԽԽǿѾǿܹѹƵˡ
һɲǣҶһһͷ˿һϸСľ׹⣬ݺݵҶ֮ϡ
ױĿǣ½һ˿ҲҶʹѣܴ
ԲдľʹȴҶͷޱȣǰһг嶯˲ʧ
Ϣ֮󣬻ΪҶľƽ⣬˱Űɱ龰ʧڻԻ͵Ĵ֮УһŮ
ηɰס¡ܡֹ׷׳֣һѵһ˿ңҶǰ֮ˡ
Σ˲ϢҶϢһǾ֮ҶϢعƽ
һɲǣҶ۾ص˸Բ¡
δĲһĿҶ棬Ҷ漸Ϊ档
׵ĺٴҶعһɲǣþгֵĲ£ȴһ˿ңָĿն
ŭ
һ޷ɵķŭشҶͷ𣬶ǧѾޱȵ񣬷ߺޡ
ֻ룬ֽһߵһ˽ԺڳȻٻ
ڣҶ޲ɱǧ̣ǧΣ
Ҽǵã˵ڻҶͻȻԪ鰢˵һ䣬ڻþǰڡ
үģϰ˲ҰҪֻǰؽȥñүԿǱ


1498 ΨǴ
ô˵ƿķˣ鸮Ҷ濴򰢳ĿѾɱ磬УϽ˵҆һ䣬Ӿ꣡
ʵǧ̵Ļ̫ˣǧ̵Ŀ£ҶЩոĿĶǽ΢ĵŮںһҶͶͱˡ
лᣬҶ޲ϽǧǧΡ
ƿķûУɫ⻯ɣӵǿɫϵܱѹֱƿ
ңޱȵȻֱܹļγɻǼһһı鱦Ҳпܡ˵
㲻˵ӵе̫ǻôôƲˡҶ漱
˵ҶүٺõҲòɱ˰ɣǿõ˾ٶٲǿҲǰ״Ԫ鰢˵
ԣҶһڣڱ˵ҶΪ̫ͣӲ
ô˵ɫᣬҲֻбҶ漤
ԣЩԵõ˵٣ү˵ڣȻƲ񣬵Ǹֽţȴûκ⡣
ֽţʲô˼£ҶЩˡ
٣㿴žǣⶫ˵׵ģ㣬ȽǡԪ鰢ٺٻЦ
ЦݣҶһëȻĸо
Ԫ鰢һĵӣɲһĻ
޶ˣҶүôʰСӣԪ鰢ͻʵ
ôʰǧǲˣԾΣҶ˵
Ԫ鰢ȴԴҡø˹һ㣬ܣӵǿɫ⣬пӵһԵƷߺ鱦ͷҲѾԪˡ
ҿԾͷԾһɲǣһѹ
ǾɷӣʹһҶ˵
Сһ£Ȼɷӣ㲻ã̫˷
ӵɫļһﰡƾһɫ⣬ܹýǿ˱ˡ
ҲҲУ˵ô
ҶһķŭȻֽţҪҳһڶôô
֣ҶүƺðɣţˣҪעұûж˵
Ũɫ⿪ʼԴԴϵעԪ鰢ڣҶ鸮˷ĻͻȻ䷢һССı仯
Ҷ汾ˣͻȻ˻֮С
ҶԾ֮࣬òͣǧ̣Ҳһ¡
һ£ߣǲܳڻ֮еġ
ȴĳˣ⻹ǧʱ״γֵ
ǧ̱Ҳû̫ľȣΪĻĻʵҶԺļ䣬ԴΪ壬ٱͨطӳֱ仯Ҷľ
Ҷ汾˳ڻ֮Уֻ˵ҶԺļ䣬ǧ̶ԴΪֻԴΪʩչطҶ档
Ҷ汾˳ڻУǧ̵һ˿֮ģ֪ʲô£Ȼܹû߳ڻ֮С
жôʹļ䣿
ֻǣǧҲ벻һ˿ģٲ֮
ܿģٴηһ仯Ȼ֮еÿǧͨӰ£ޱȵĲ
֮Ľչȴǧ̵ϡ
ܿģչֵ飬˹Ѫһı仯սͻѣѪޱȵ˼١
һСѪɫϦĿţ濴ҶŮ;СŮСŮΪͽСŮһı¡
ǣСŮΪһĴСŮʦȴǰ㺣ȴһֱ޷ڡ
ŮȴǻԵǵø˴طεõƷʵĵرɾɫ⣬õһ
һУûĿǧĿɿڴŮĻԵȻһģһŮģ
γڻУγڵԺУڣֻ⵽ô¡
ŮЩ飬ȴֲ
ǧ̷棬֪Լ֯Ļ֮С
˺䣬Ůʦ֮ǰԣŮģҪչʦһһ
ڳս˭ûз֣ŮԵʱϵǧ̵촽Ҳڲͣʶš
ҶҿĻͻ֣ᷢǧ̵ĿξȻŮ˵Ŀһģһ
սˣΪǧʩչĳͨطѹ֪ǧѾصԼµĻ֮С
Ůԣǻȴڼ
ʦʦ䣬ŷøָķĥŮѵһ㣬ѵŮޱȣκΥ档
ϣǧѾ׵ԸĻ֮ˡ
֮еʦҶÿһŮϣǧԸͱܵĶһ£ǧʧĲҽ
£⣬䡣
ͬһɲǣһֱڿƻԪ鰢ͻ˵үģϷѾˣڣҶүôˣ
ŹѪޱȵĻľҶʶʵô񣿡
٣үһ̫ıԴĸ˻񣬶ǧһȫȫļӳֻ֮£ԸĻûκν䱸ԸԸ˻֮С
⻰ҶȴһͷˮЩ㲻ס
ʵ˵ӣҲܼ򵥣̫ıԴԸĻ֮С
ڻ֮ʩչÿһʵʩչϡ
磬Ŀ裬Ըͻȱ裬Ŀǽ˿Ըޱơ
ңҽĻԪ֮У˳㣬ΨǴӵļӡңµּӡʱ򣬷ԸǿΣ
֮һ仰̫ıԴıĻ񣬽Ը˽ȥԪ鰢ͷ˵
ڼУǧţһķҶ棬Ǵÿһδϵǧ̲Һ߳
һĻúִ䭿ĪＡζȴǾĲԾ
Ʋ
ֲҴţǧ̵ֶθǲһֶαӰΣһֳʤˣء
Ҳ֪ǧǸʲôҲѹţ˵ǧˡ
˵˰죬ôˣ㻹û˵أҶ棬ڰȤζļһĿ£Ȼʼˡ
Ҫǣ޿ʼϵǧҲʼ·һϮٲĺڷ˲䴹¡
򵥣ѾΨǴˣѾԪıˣ˵ʲôʲô˵
ô򵥣
ô򵥣
һɲǣһֱ˫Ҷͻ˫ۣŭ߳һǧ̣ס֣
ںִ䭡Ａζһڹսߣ¶Ѫһ飬һĿ⣬͸˹һ


1499 ̫֮
ǧ̣ס֣
Ҷһŭ߳Ƕͷһˮһ㣬еǧ̸ѡ
ǧһãȻ˷ȥҶ֮͵ؾʹһ飬¶һ˿ޱȾֵ顣
ǳɴģǧҶ浥ϥ¹򣬡ǧ̸ǧðϣˡ
һսǣ°͵һء
ʲô
սǧͻȻͳƵΪˣ
զأ
Ａζ˶һۣ˵ɫͬʱò԰ޱȡ
ܴĿֲС
ǧ̾ͨڼʮǰͽԪ鲻˵ϰһַǳĻþͨ
ǿн֮УƻӰ˵ꡣ
ϣֻҪǧԸ⣬Ϳõ˳ָָϲЦŭ塢֡Թȵ̬
ңЩֻ򵥵ģǧ̿ɵþеĵ˷裬һЩԲǿʱɱ
ͨڵ걾Դ´ӡҪһ٣壬ǧԸ⣬ͨͨõ˳׵ĳΪūΪ澡
ǧֵ̽ĸ֣䣬ҪĽȡҪԾƽǷޱȣ⻹ǧԭ
ҲǵСǧҪԸҶʱЦЩԸԭ
Ϊһ㡣
ҶһĴмҶ˶ѡ
˺ǧ֮ǰѾ˽ҶǿĹһ̨ʩչŶеͨ
ڣҶûзҲûΪūΪ澣ǧȴƵΪϡ
ֻһֿܡ
Ǿǧ̵ͨУΪԻǧ̣ǧ̴ϣҶū
ǧ̵ݣǾԤϵµĿֲ
ǧ̱ļ壬õϢ»ᷢġ
ڣֻϣҶϵķʱģǶʱģҲǧޣͻָ
ǳڵģǾ͡
ǧͻȻһִҲЩֲ
ѹߵɫ⡢һ޽ӽ鱦ԵļƷ£ޱȵĵҶ档
ĿܵشӴ˱ϡ
ǰ꼸ʱ̽ţҶ״׼һвԣֹս
û뵽ǧȴˣ
ǧ̣ǷҪսȻĿǰ£ս㽫԰ִۡ䭳ǧ̺ȵ
ǧøᲢۣǰٶԣϲˡǧ̹˹ֻص
һִɵˣＡζһڹսߣɵۡ
Ҷ棬Ҳޱȵľȡ
ЧҲֲ̫˰ɣܳãҶʵ
ãٺһЦӦúܾðɣǿиıԪӡĴڳУ޷ıġ
үģٸһʲôԪӡɣţ̥ԺȻȻ֪裬ɣ
պТ˳裬ҲԲТ˳˵棬ģ裬ԶҲ޷ıʵԪ鰢˵
ԣҶ浹һô˵£ǧԶ᳼ңⷨҲ̫˰ɣ
ҪÿֶζԸҵĵˣ㶼Ǽֱ͡
ˡҶ˵꣬Ԫ鰢ֱ˵ĴҶ룬ǧ̱ʵϱԸͨŸģֻ̫СС޸һ»ѡ
Ҫ뽫˸ǧ˵ӵǿɫ⣬Ȼͨ޽ӽں鱦ļƷ
ټϱүֽţֺ

ҶĿ⿴ǧִ̣ˣǾȥŰɡ
ǣǧ̨̾¹ϵʤǧ̹ޱȵԾޡ
ΣһʱִҲ˼ޡ
ٲ֪ǧǿʵǧѺעߺ̼ң׷װˣȴǺ档
Уǿޱȵײһ£ɵµĳ
ڵĹ⻪һ¸߰鲻һ߳ڴڡ
ȿڵǴ𣬡λӷǧ̵ֶΣǿߣ
˶һۣ㶼ҡҡͷַδ֪˽ͨط֮УûһӵֲֿЧ
ȷʵǧѾͷƬӣɲһܹʰģҪʰҲûǸ¡
һһϰ죬Ȼû۳κν
£ǲܵ顣
Ѿ£ͨɵ۽ԴأϣڼʶܹǱȼǿߣࡣ
ӵֶηͬһ㣬̫ϿҪ뱾öΪõĺ֮Уԣһ㣬ҪסϷ飬ٴʾ̫ϡ˵
ƣ
ͬʱͷһɲǣͬʱóһӡĹ⻪һ£һڴĽϡ
ʱһ˸Ĺʹ˸֣ûϢһʺӰ͸ڹС
ұ𣿡ʺӰʵ
£Ҷǧ̵ϸ˵һͨΪŹ۲֮ʱطֱ͸޵ػ۲ս
ԽսĳЩϸڰĲ÷ǳϸȻⲿĲѣ꽻սڲϸڣͨͨ죬Ҳǿġ
ϸڣȻ˵һӻࡣ
ţֻʺӰ̫ϵüͷľķǳԡ
λ¶һ˿Ȼ顣
ϣס˵飬̫ü飬ɾͲˡ
ȺţΪ֣ǱҲδţ¹ش󣬱Ҫʹȵļλʦ顣
һλٴһ䣬вɵƵ¶֮ɫ
λ̫Խͽ̵ִܹ֮󣬾͸Աչزش䲻
Ϊ˽̵ǣλ̫֮Уһλֵ̫ʱ̣ÿֻһλ
֮λʦ£ǧŻһΣִΪˡ
û뵽Ϊһͨ񾳶صСһȻҪλ̫ϡ
ʵǡ
Ϣ֮ɵصͻȻһɼ΢Ŀռ䲨һ겨Ͷȥɲǣĵ겨ͬʱӭ
ʦ֣ղֵ֮գΪλҵȣ

ͬһʱ̣£ոԾ޵ǧ̣ͱＡζ˸Χ
ϰķ徲ķķͷľǧ̡


1500 ׼
ＣǸʲô
ͷϰķǧŭ߳ǧ̵Ϊһ۾ͿЩȫ޺ġ
ǧûжܣվķĺһʱ䣬¸ɫƵ֣üʮϢĹͣ
Ａζͬʱһǧ̿ȥеǧ̡
ǧ̣㲻ǱǸӹƻŸľ񡭡
˵꣬ǧ̾˫üŭĿֱ߳˵ʲôأʦҲǧ̷Ҫ̷ˣҪٸҶҵκβݹǻؾ
һɲǼ䣬Ａζ۾һ͹һ¶˼һ顣
ǱΪϰٵľķȥǧѾûˣû뵽ǧ̵еĻҪ
һ£߱Ի֮󣬻ݵıһˣǧȴޱȵѡ
ǧ̻ǧ̣ûб䣬ֻԵ̬ȡ
˶һۣǾɫڣֻһ뷨Ǿǧ̶Ե̬ȣʱġ
ϣʱģ
ǧ̣ǣ֮ǰǲǰǡ
ζҪ˵ʲôȴһصסߣȻլԺȻǧ̸ϸһս
ˣӽסɣҪ̺ϣˮҹػ˵꣬ǧ̾תޡ
ǷݼᶨǷȻＡζǣȴޱȵĿɬ
뷨Ҫǧ̺լԺϸ˽ǧҶһս飬ǧ̾ʲôطȻźö֢ҩ
û뵽ҶʩǧϵطȻᶼǡ
Ҫǰǧǿȥζ
ǿȥǧģԻᷴףǧ̵ʵֲǲ֪һСģȫҪͨơ˵
ζȴˣҲУҲУôУܲĿǧȥǸյҵΪū澰ɣֻ졭
ĿʱȴҶ棬Ҫа취

ɵصλΪʦֵ̫סĵص״еĹӰ֮Уĵ߰һӰ½߳
һһԵűΪʦֵ̫ҾͿʼһö
УйҶǧһսĸߴֵϸ˽սʱ֪λʩչͨ¼µӰ
λ̫Ͽļ죬Ϣ֮󣬾ʹݸһλ֮󣬰ΪʦֵĴ̫ˣ㶼վĩλԴ˶ޱȵ̫ϡ
Ͼţ꣬Դ֮ܣʲôӵúͨǧ̷˱仯ģʦִ̫ʵ
ϾĹӰȴǻҡҡͷСѾͷͨҵϵãƿͨŵķҵ֪һܹϢСѾͷεطҲδţ
ʦ֣ϾŶ֪Ǿ͸֪ˣڶӰЦ
ӰȴһȻȻ֪ܴӣ꣬飬ɣㆪ£
ҪҪôҺҪǣҪС̫Ѫǿׯ뽫ս׳ãʦִ̫˵
̫Ѫ

仰ڳļӰ׷һб仯һ֮󣬳ֵʦִ̫֮⣬λһӰƾɢ
ɢĹӰʦִ̫ȴһį̾һû뵽ˡ
ͬʱڴڵȺõλ׷׳˱仯еЩŹ֡
ǡյͣȿڵǴ
û
λͬʱͷ
ǵΣ
λһۣû˿ڶԣǷּɲ⴫
ɫͱò̫ÿҲû취
û취˭ء
֮󣬷ֹ޵õλ𣬷ֱ𷢳٣ԸŵӣҪ

ϣҶϥڵأת깦ץʱָŸոִܴ꣬ԴɿԵɤΪҶ޶֡
ʮʤѾʤʮͶʮƷʯսʤܹöʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯ·ûҪսļˣ
һĶֵأӪĺûߵֱͣӹغڵĵλߵ͡
޵棬ԴߵѺעûսûѺע
ߺСӣִ䭵ľͣȻÿߺһΡ
ôޣ̫ڵ״ˡ
ϣԽ࣬ս߾Խ١
£һض޺ʱģе⣬ص޺Σûսˡ
ҪҶȡʤֱֶ̫ˣа׾꣬ˡ
ս֮ǰҪȿһ£νҶаףӦа׵İ취֮󣬲ҲŸ̨սҶ档
һ㣬ʧȥսġ
ҲҶľͳ޵
һʱ֮Ҷڶ޽
Ըޣִйµʵ
ĳԸ⣡
ôһʤʮʤųɻþƷʯĽԸȡӺһȡʵ
Ҷ֪޵ĹأصڶʱɻõʤͣǵȡѺһȡǵ޳ɹͿԻʤ͡
Ҷ޵һʤʮųôҶͿԻöʮƷʯ͡
ӵ֮ÿ춼Ѻһȡܹ޳ɹÿյܶͻɡ
ǣĳʧܣôе˲㡣
һģʵԽǿԽࡣ
Ҷ濴ַʽ޵þһֶλʤ
Ӻһȡɣ
ҶܿѡѹҲǶ
޽˷սǳˮһɢȥҶϴ䷵լԺͻȻ䣬һİߡҶ°ܽζͬʱΧ
һͬҶģ֮ǰҶµǧ̡
ʱζȴĸǧҶ֮ǰͬʱֵ֣ɷһ˵
ֱԡ
֣ɷһ£Ҫǧ̻ת˵
Ҷ濴һ۱ζסǧ̣˵ǧǣԸ£Һθɣ
ԣӲͷƤǰ䣬ֻǱ䣬˫ǩ״ֻʤ޶Դǣַǧһǧ̸ǻȥ뷨֮ˡ
ֿҸ̧֣ĳһŵġ
Ҷȴ΢΢һֺ̣£ɲడ
ǧ̣ȻҪһˣ͸ǻȥһ˰ɣҶ濪ڵ
ǣϷԸǧӦ
ȴǴϲл֣飬ĳˣ


1501 ͨ
ǧһսҶȻʤˣľ޴˵ܴСȫǱԸľ׸ġ
ص¥ĶԺҶץһʱָϵˡ
Ԥδս߻ԽԽ٣ߵʵԽԽǿ
ϵƻָɲһָܹġ
ҵǣҶսѪ죬սѪһ̶ϼӿָơ
ҶģȴϹħ
ʱûȥˣ֪Ϲħڵħںڶͺߺͺھ˵Ĵôˡ
ǰһ겻ʱ䣬;н˰ħĻ꣬Ѿˣ֪ս˶ħĻꣿ
ħʿ׳ʲô̶ˣ
ʱһٸħĻ꣬ͨħĻ꣬Ҷ֮ҶƣͿԻָ
һһҶ涼ȥһϹħˣϹħҶǲС
ˣпã
ͻȻ䣬ҶĶ˴͡ڻָƵҶ۾
ޣ˿ݣ
شˣǰսǸͷ˵
䭣
Ҷüͷһ壬վӭߡ
ִ䭣ȻˣҲİˡ
ңǽ۷ǿΪҲҶ㹻أӭȥֻҶЩ벻ͨλ޵ߣҹõΪ£
Ϸðãҹ֡Ϣ֮һ֮󣬺ִҶֱھڣڴϲ裬䭺ؿڣϷЩҪ£빫̸һɷϷʩֶΣ
£ҶӺˣ䭵Ҫ̸£Ȼء
Ϣ֮䭽ʮһɫ磬磬Ҷ֪ǰλߵʵҪʰѹ鷳Ҷ涼ڵ䭲˶ˡ
ϷһҪҪ빫̸ڴ֮ǰϷðһ䣬ҹЧ̺ţǺʽ̺أ
᣿廹Ǻţ
Ҷ飬ֽ͵ҹӣ¥õ鱨Ĵ½֪ĵϣ̺ţûгڶ֮ĵؽϡ
Ҷкⶸ𣬡ǵң
ҶķӦƺ׼ЦǺǵĹ˹֣ҹ֣ɵУ鱨Ҳռ˲ٵķݶСС鱨֯ϵ
ɵϵˣǴһ̽Ķ񣬲ҹӣΪֹҹӵ鱨Ѿ߷ͨ鱨ȫλ鱨
ȫλ鱨Ҷüͷһ
ȫλ鱨ɵͨռйصҹӵ鱨ˣʵֻҪҹйصģ㼯һ𡣡
ҵͨ鱨ҵȫλ鱨ҶûзҾȻעˣ֪Ǻηʥҵ鱨䭵˵ҶͻȻ侪һεķͷеˡ
ȴǺǺһЦҹӼ£ɵǾԲй¶ͻϢģǡ
ʲôҶӿڵ
ִ¶һصı飬ҲϷҹӵԭ򡣡
Ϸ˵֮ǰҹܹشϷ֮ǰ⡣ʵ
ҶüͷһҪǲԸشأ

Ц֮࣬䭳ҶҶ˴ĴָҹӹȻ죬ⲻǵһΣ˾ܾϷܾ˹Ϸϲ
ȻҹӶϷнģôϷó㹻ĳ
Ҷû˵ֻǾĿźִ䭣һһž׳ôһնҪ˵ûĿģֻƭȥˡ
ɵʵɱƿصģɵɵܱߺͱĳǧ򴦲ҵƿصġ
ҹӼȻӪУǾӦ֪⺣ĲƸû㹻ʵͽлˡ
ʵҹӣɵƸΣʵ
࣬ʤ˵ɵйģҶ˵
ԣΪػݲƸҪʵǹӢܼɵͬػǵĲƸҵ
˵ִ䭶Ҷ֣صϷ䭣ãá
ã
Ҷ¶ζı飬ȻɵŶ̶죬ãҶ֪ˣ͡Ķ䣬ɲǰ衣
ãҶȴǵһ
Ҷ汾Ϊֻһÿڣǰǰִ˵Ӧ÷ΪÿڣƣƺһӴ֯
ûתǼ룬ɹѡطǧ򣬶ңõͨһ޶ͨ˵
ͨҶĿһæʵǺͨ


1502 ɨ
֮֮ͨ֮һǷܹ˵⼸仰ʱ򣬺ִޱȵ⡣
Ȼ֮ԣǰ˵ĳ˵ͨŪҵۣҶȴѾüܹ֮Ūˡ
·ϵҶô˵һ㣬һЦͨ˵Ҳ˵Ҳ򵥣ԵϷĿǰûʸͨ
ϷʦҲõȴͨʱѾҴеĽͨƤë֮ܡ˵
ޣҵ֪˵ĴнʲôҶ
ٴҡҡͷ˵Ͳˣ֮ǰѾ飬⵽֮У̸ϣҹӿԲ⿪
˵䣬䭾һ򣬿Լ߷һŲ飬Цţ䭽ŵҶǰ
ºܣȻһ׹أӢܣǲֵϷԳġһ֮ͬãôôȻٲˡ
ͨô˵㹦ӵɡ
ңĹͨյҪɣеͨǸߴǧ֡
ΣԴ֮ԣøɵйֻҪǵĺĳԱҪֻһ£οٵΪսÿԴ
ԵãһһٿƷ鵤Ϊ֮⣬Сһָоһõĵر
֣Ҷ˳һһһٿƷ鵤൱һһƷʯֹѾǴֱˡ
ߣãŰ޷ṩĸԴ鱨ͱһִ£ƹķҪʲôӦоС
ЩǼõĺôһ֣ĺôҪᡣ
֣ԸãִЦĿҶ档
ҶĿȴǿ˴⣬ĸ״Сͽ̹һ£ϣܵڱôõĴôõϵڱҼãôδҪģҲԲ򵥡
ݼ۸񣬱˵ҵˣҵҲˡҶ˲ϢüǣһûԣҲá
ҶϵģҶֱ˵ľܾ䭲û̫⣬Ϸ֮Կ˴ļ룬ҪϷĳ⡣
ΪϷõĵҹӵ鱨ҹķᣬһǴ򲻶ҹӵġȻҹԣζŸ
ϣûвͶ飬ҪõĺôҪ׼ҹӣ˵𣿡Ц
ջ񣬴˼Ҷ˵
ãȻˣϷ֪£ҹӲԸãֱ˵˵
ʷҶЩ⣬û뵽䭾ȻֱӿɽҶ濪⣬Ҳ
ǰ˵ʵҶõ˽٣ײõģܹҵһ˵䣬ǵɽ𺣻ħڹҶ롣Ҷ˼һ£
ҶĻش¶˼־֮ɫѰҺˣк
һŮӣΪ£ӵɫ⣬ܾĳС硣Ҷ˵
ô㣿¶Ȼ飬СĿ֮ɳʤôѰ̫˰ɣ
ٵøֹһСɣ
Ҫ֪һС磬һõ֪ĸС磬Сٴһʮ깦򣬱ҵ䡣Ҷ˵
һ㣬˵ͷ¶һȻ˵顣
Ϣ֮˵Ȼгһˣʧţ
һŵǧ𣡡
һŵǧ𣡡һЦһϷŵܹߵĸԶͷҲصƮȻȥ
ĩˣƮһ仰µ飬Խ֮Ƚľٽ𣬿ɽ⡣
ҶȻ
Ϣ֮󣬰źִµĽַҶĽ⿪ȡڵĲ顣
ϣǼвԾƮޱȵĴ֡
ɣΪ⣬Եһŵǧ𣡡
ʮ֣Ҷɵˡ
̸֮ǰʮֻ֣ῴһͷˮ̸֮ʮֱ֣Ƿ̸֮ľ԰
ˣӦָҶܾãΪ⣬ָӦҶ¸ɫˡ
Եмصζָлᣬβġһŵǧ𡯣ȴҶӦ䭵һһģһ
˵ĸʱһЦ·֪һ㡣
Ҷʱһë
ڵĲ飬Ҷ̸֮ǰóŵҶǰģһֱδߺҶֲ𿪵ġ
֮һУͱλõԤ˳
䭴ǰ˵ԣֻͨƤëѣҶĿٴһѵͨԤ֮ܣ
һˣҶʶļⲯ飬Ϊⲯʮ棬һС֡
ͬһɲǣȫ̾µԪ鰢ҲҶĻ̽һԴעⲯ飬ϱߵʮֻ֣۾ʼתǷ飬һΪ֮һ
ͨԤ֮ܣôźһͨѵһͨ
ӵתţԪ鰢󺱼¶һޱȵ飬ĽԴҶĻ˵пܡ
пܣôǼҲ˵

ɨ˷Ѫ֣
ʮֺߵС֣һҶ沢ûпףԽҶȴԽľ
˷Ѫ֡ˣӦָлɨ䣬ҶЩ㲻ˡ
ɨ״ʲô˼أ
Ҫǰʮ̫ˣֱĽҶ淽ŏ䭵һ̸ԤߣҶ治ò
ԣҶڲ˼סɨһ仰˼
˼СʱҶЩͷʹţ˴⡣
ͻȻ䣬һ΢ͥԺеһŴʮƬҶ΢绺Ʈ䡣
ʮƬ΢صĻҶҶ飬ؾǼ˹һԾ
ҶҶҶл
˼֮Ҷ漸ģǣֲòţǷ𾪣ֱ޷ݡ
һȻָҶաҶ
Ҷ治֪ɺϻʶĽֻͣĽա
ǺߣõҲֲ̫˰ɣ
𣡡
أ
ͬʱСèͷͬʱ˻


1503 ʹĴ
ˣСģǿ˴룡
Сèͷͬʱ˻ʾͬʱĴ͡ƺҲʲôæһ͵Ҷڡ
ͨ˲Ϣɢ˷һаѾҶУָ⣬Ѿ֡
ǿͣҹӺαٴУһƮҶլԺҶüͷһ
û뵽ⲻ֮;ȻѾҶԺڣҶĽͨȻûиӦλ
֣
Ҷжۡ
кÿͶ֣֮ŽֱլԺĶͣСĶɡ겨شҶҶ˲Ϣͽͨ߶˼¡
ûУ
ȱҶ潫ͨ߶£ûзⲻ֮
ҹˣҷǶͣһ׮Ҫҹ̣֮Բ룬ǲòμǸ޵ٴ
صɲǣͥԺڵĳͻȻ䵴ǿҵĿռ䲨һǿϢʱʹг˳
˲Ϣ䣬ҶĽͨΪʲôֲ˴˵λˣΪڴ֮ǰһֱĳͨط֮С
ûг֮ǰҶ޷֪λõġ
ӦǿޱȵϢҶ滺ָаףȴǳ˺鱦׹֮У˱ý֮
۷壡
ǰһλ֮ͣǰȥûõĺִһȻһλ۷ǿߡ
ò˵ɵȷʵһԻĵط
ôϷ֮ͽȥͥԺɲ̸ĵطҶĽţλ֮͵ȴޱȵд⣬ͷ·Ըļһ㡣
γƺҶͷһʵ
ϷҳݣҹԸ⣬ƺϷϸǿԡԺŲͥȻȤĴ˾ͷ棬һޱȵģ
ҶǰѹûԵʣšϸ֣ӦҲǸˡ
롣Ҷת߽˾ңΪϸĺҲ˽ȥ
ҶţϸĸҪ̸ҪȻϸΪҪʰҶ棬ѹ鷳
ҹӣϷҪ̸⣬¹شΪǽжǻ괫ɡϸֱ˵˵
Ҷɫٴһ䣬Ȼֱ괫ǰϸɲһĽ
̸֮ǰϷ֪ҹһܹöٲƸʮƷʯʮƷʯǰƷʯͬʱϸʹҶĻ꺣֮С
࣬ԼʮƷʯˣˡҶҲ֪ϸ⵽ʲôش𣬴˼ۿۡ
ʵϣƾŶгݵĶ⣬Ҷһ׬ʮƷʯɶ⣬˵ǻзرĸ롣
һʮ飬ʮİ飬ʮԼ׬һǧƷʯȷʵˣϷ֪ҹӶʮ䣬ܹ¶أ߼ʵ
󣬶ʮܸ꣬ҾͲˡҶԥŴһ䣬Щɻ
ѵߣǰĺִһ㣬ģһΣյģ
ƷʯңҪ£ʵ
ðɣҶٴδ
ꣿ
΢΢һЦǺãϷҹһʡ๦ĻᣬõҹһӵƷʯңΣ
һӵƷʯҶһ˿ɣǰ˵Ц˰ɣ
ϷӲЦ
žһһöָʮƷʯһ飬ֻҪӦϷǩ飬ʮƷʯҶġ
һ룬³֮ϣ
Ҷһ˿죬ǰߣҲ̫˰ɣ
ʮƷʯֱĸҲ
䣬ռǱˣռģҲǱˡ
޹»֪ǰҪĳʲôأĳޣɲܴɡҶ
߳Цһ£ԵҹӶԣ練ƣֻҪҹԸ⣬һܹ
£ҶЩˣ׻ʲôأ
Ѳɣã
ǰʾҶ˵
ܼ򵥣ջߺյϣǵ޵֮󣬵Էˮܼɡ˵
ˮܣ
ĸ֣ҶĽüһǰ˵Ц˰ɣĳɲˣĳޣΪĥɲǷˮ
ޣԸ⣿ŵЦЦǾϷļˣãһǧϷһǧƷʯӦͬ˰ɣ
һҶͫ׶һ


1504 飿
һǧƷʯ˵ʵĿҶ棬ҲЩԾ
Ҷ汳ӵһС磬жУбأҪôһң˵Ҳʮࡣ
Ǵֱˡ
ǣҶڱ֮зˮܡһ㣬Ҷʵ
ƽʱһǧƷʯҶ滻һʤҶͬ⣬ֺôðײð

غҶ֮ģ
ʯԴǣʱ䣬ܻеġ
֮ģʧȥˣǾĺһ
ˮǲܵģǵܹĻңҷǳĻӭûٿǣҶ;ܾ
ߵ鶸һһǧƷʯҪˣǾܾʧȥģɲһǧƷʯӦ֪Ϸı󣬶Щʲôˣ
Ҷ浱Ȼ֪߱ʲôˣ϶Ŵ̼Ҵ²ֶεĴ̼Ҵ
ǰǰͨҶ棬ҶˮôĻʽʮа˾žڶһϡ
ͽһۣʲô
Ҷ棬ƫƫôһλа
ҿԽΪв𣿡Ҷ鶸ط䡣
в
߶ЦôΪν˲·ɱ˸ĸҹǲǺǾҪСˡ
һʮλܾǺһʮ֮УаѾԶʧˣˣǱܡ
ʮˣ
һֳڵɲǣɫɷ䡣
ԣ
ͬʱа׳ҶУСèͷӣͬʱĶס˺ߡ
ߣ
ɵĳһۣͻЦСӣٿһ£ҪȻ
ÿˣ
ҶȻܾޱȡ
һҪĥںԸҶֲǵһڽϻ졣
򽻵һСģԸˣܻǮء
ҶҪǷˮǾַвҶ棬֮ڶпܵġ
ʱ׵ľܾ
˵飬ֻҪմϣһɧֻ˵Ҷ
Сӣɱڣ
ͻȻͱÿޱȣһҪɱҶģ
ҶȴȻ壬ɵϣЩصġ
ֻҪ޷غڸɵҶ棬ͲҶ֡
˵ʵı£Ҷ滹мֵġ
Ҷûκηļ񣬺Ϣһգȴøһ䡣
ڵģ
뿪ɵ֮ʱڣ
仰ڵͬʱͥԺ΢΢һ߾ʹƾʧ
紵Ҷ󱳵Ȼ¶һ˿ˮҶľ񻺻и֮󣬲ĲһѶͷ亹
ΪڷһɲǣҶ治ӦǺɫߵɱ⣬͡լԺΧĴڡ
һλĴ࿹Ҷ涼ǹǺ˵λˡ
λǿͬʱҶϢôҶûлʩչݶߣҪ⡣
䣬Ҳ飬ȫǣҪ֪вҵһˣ˭ǺηʥǵǺηҶ괫
ǣ
͡һԴ俪ʼٵĲҶ飬ȴЩŹ
ǰִµǷʾҶл
ôɣ
ոյлˣ
ô飿
ˣˣûҶ󱳵亹͸͡ͻҶ
ôʯҹһᣡĺУһŽİԺ˽
ΣҶһҹ⵽ôˣͲϰ

ɵмɽɽһլԺڣ󡢻ζΧŵǧ̣ͻȻŭ߳ûꣿ
һϸڣ˶ٴˣǵʲôǧ̷ˡ
Ａζ˰죬ѹûʳʲôǧ̵Ļش̫ˣѹûҵκβ֮
ĿһＡζ˴һɫ̵˵ǧ̣ģҪǷ֣һսУǸ꣬ͬһ㡭
УＡζ˻λãϢƵǧ̵ࡣ
ǧ̵ϣȻͬһ㡣ǧһĿȡ
һǧ̾ȻĻ磬תֵǧ̣Ҳ˼ҷ֣ǸУȻһơħꡭ
ܣ
ǧŭ߳ͬʱＡζͬʱĳ֣ԶַϮǧ̵Ҫλͼǧ̡
ŭ߳ǧǸһ˿Цŭ߳һ̤һȦɫһ㵴
һɲǣǧ̴󲽵̤լԺֻＡζﱧԴҽС
ǻˣ˽ľ룬ǽǿߣҲ͵Ϯӵɫң£ܿõ𣿡
һһΣһΣٸң


1505 ͷĳ˻
ҶͥԺڣչͨɽõĴʯҶһĳԾ
õôˣôַǰ
Ҷô
ҹӣɽ֮Уͨϰ֣ңͨҲǲ١㿴ķأɽôģģ
˵䣬ǰݰɽõĴʯһתͻȻʧˡ
ҶȻ
һۿĴҲΪ֮Ȼ
˵ȥˣ
ţûκοռ䲨
ҹӣƾճֵҶһ˳ķ򿴹ȥûҵʯ
˫ĿϣܹҵңʧĴʯٴ
ҶϢ֮Ҷ۾͵صɴ
Ժʯذ϶ߵĻҳУһҳ׼ȷ˵ǱֻлҳСĴʯҶ˫֡
Ծ֮࣬Ҷ潫Դȥʱ򣬴ʯһΣ͵ػڴСһֻ֣رñĥ̻˲Ϣ͸լԺ
ʦµķͨķͨɴС£ɳ񷣬Сɻɽӣʱ򣬱˵ǹ˫ĿҲҲ
˰Ķͨţв١
ҹӣԸɽãʦҲɽõ𣬻Ϊŵӣ㶥ͨŲ˵һָҶԾޱȵģʯ˳롣
˵ʵҶǵһۿͨţ󣬲ϡ棬ǱС糾⻹ǵһμ
ö˵ҶѾϿ˴ʯ˵ʩչķͨһ˵
ǣϵڱ
߶ԣʲôѵã
ǲƸǵλ洫ţ
޳ɶͨҪҪʦָ㡣
νʦ֮أǶԵҲǲҴţǰʯȴŵɽõҪԴͨ˵Ҫָ
˵ǻŵ˲ǰõŵִ
ʲôϵڱ
ϵڱ
ǣҶĸУϲܵƾ޹ĵڱ
֮ԱΪ̰űµĹ֮ԱΪƾճֵ
Ҷ濴ϵڱ͸õĹõࡣ
ڱǼ٣Բã
ҶҲ벻õЩܣ͡չֳ츳̫ͨѪǿӵҶϡ
һ㣬ʯ˵컨׹ҶҲǿܴӦ룬ɽõġ
ھܾҶ˵ıȽת
ߣӵеԴðײá
ԣһӦõĺִһ㣬Ҷ濪Ը
ʱûмõ뷨ɽܹҵ£ôΣԻɽá
һϣҶûпκЦ
ֻҪܹҵ£Σ
㱻ÿΣ
ҹӣʵֻҪãõϵҵҪѰҵǸ£ֻʱ⣡ʯһŬ
ִ£Ҳ£ҲᰲĴõģҵֻҪܹҵ£ҾãҶ˵
ɽãʯǿһ䡣
ţɽã
ˣǵҹӾ͵ǵϢɣ
ڲҲɽͷһ鰡Ŵʯ뿪ıӰҶ̾һ䡣
Ŵʯǿһ䣬䭵ı֣֤һ㡣
£ڲԴǲܹܺõˡ
ûҶã𣬴͡ͽһݰ
ɻԪؽҶ档
һ֮ǰʯһ㣬λҲǰҶõģʯһ㣬ҲǾ£ŵô
λŵǰλֲһ
˸ֹ֮ͨ⣬ŵҶȨƣ
ֻҪҶ룬ԽҶϺλܵĺ
ǰҶɻԪá
仰ĳ̶ֳչʾõǱܴ
ҶĴͶԴ䭡ʯһ޶ܣȻǰѰҲ¡
ֻҪܹҵµ䣬ԻɻԪãΪɻԪõҳϲڡ
ؽڣҶ汾Ϊ÷֧ãǻҪ򷢡
Ҷϣؽߺ󣬾ûˡ
飬ҶҲԸ롣
䣬Ǹϸ׷ٵûҶʵ
ϸв֮ǰ䭴õµеġҶлҶ治ɵֽ
ˣ˷ǳĽǰһ׷ƿ֮ǵ䵽ɵϲ֮Уûֶ࣬Ҿ׷ˡһľɥ
׷ҲûϵӦüס˰ɣٳӦܹҵɣҶ氲ο
ֻҪõĲǼûκ⡣˵
ҶЦܡ
ɣСèͷžͿԡ˾䣬Ҷͻת׼ϵƣҪ׵ĻָսѪĸҲ졣
ҹһƬĵƹ⽥İȥסլ򣬳Щ񻶵֮⣬ˣǱ
ҶľڣҶԴܱߣһѪɫ⻪ע룬˵ڻĻָš
ĲݴУһľͷ棬͵ذԴŸԴϵľֻۣһɲǼȫ
˻


1506 
أ
ͷĳ˻ҹ̶ޱȵ쳹ͷľſŶĿɨ˷ȫǹ
ͷӦܱ쳣ǣֻǸӦˣȴ޷ҵ
ò˵̫ʱЩֲǣѡͷΪһԺޣûеġ
߾ܱı仯񲻹
ƵҶ棬ͷĳ˻۾͵
ͬһɲǣҶĿռ͵زһ£һԵޱȵϢشֱӵ
ǿߣ
Ҷ澪֮ʣһֻϬӡӡҶظ֮䡣
һеı仯̫ˣõʯʱ֮졣
Ӿͷ泤ХʾҶ澯ٵĴ̿ʹг֣ǲͬһʱ䷢ġ
̫ˣһж̫ˡ
ҶƣȫתѹӦ
ֻǣô͵ܣҶʯ֮䱾ܵĽθһࡣ
ʱ䣬ҲҶ潫θһ࣬ǽĴ̿͵ӡӡҶظ֮䡣
ϬޱȵɱƵĽϵӡ˲ϢȫҶظ֮С
·ǧѵҶһ㣬һɲǼ䣬·гǧ㵶¾Ҷһ㡣
ۣ
һѪ͵شҶп
ͬһɲǣСè;ͷͬʱŶ룬ͷŸ˶ޱȵԴҧ̿͡
СèѾϢĳǿͷϿգצȥ
Ĵ̿ͿųСèͷ棬ͻĿ¶⣬СèͷĹ֮ʱԼղĴ̿ƾʧ
ҶϣŸոһаף鱦׹޹⻪׹һһȦݾͽҶ泹׵İ
ˣѾ˴̿͵λãҪҪһ͡ҶĶ
Ҫ
Ҷ滺ҡҡͷУȴɫ
ͻȻ䣬ҶٴһǽĴ̿ʧһɲǣҶ涫⣬ͻر˾ĺɱҶլԺҲһɲǱޱȵĲҽ
ͬʱոΪ߾˵˵һƬɵѲǣͷͷҶլԺ߱ɱլԺ򱬳ҽլԺȥˡ
ڸոշɱ˲䰲ҶլԺû˹ˡ
ȻҲû˹ܣЩɵѲΪ߱ģǣֵʱҶլԺڱƽϢ
ҶլԺֵܱ߳ĶȫǵעȻᷢҶ쳣
ɺϣ
̫ˣ
ֶΣǺֶΣϢ֮󣬲ѪҶ棬ɭЦ
ҶѾ֪̿˭ˡ
϶֮ǰҪҶˮϸ֯ɳģǸϸԳֶпܡ
ϾһһŵĽϢ̫ǿֲ̫ˣ
ȻһţַǳңһɲǼ䣬Ҷ滹ǸӦǽصĴڣ
صľͨռŲһͨĴڣǰɱҶ棬£޷һɱҲܹҶ˱
Ͼʵ̫ˣصĴڣȫһܹҶĵķѣ
ǣҶ沢ûУ
ĵظһӡԭޱȵĵϵһɲǣȴ
ҶƣһӦһƽҶĲˣǾûˡ
ԣһҶظ䣬ŻҶ渹絶ʣ·𱻳ǧһͨһ㣬ûҶ浱˱
ֻҶѪ
ҶѾǵͼˡ
˴ɱҶ棬ͬʱ¶˽ɵѲȥҶ桢Ҳɱ֪
ȻͻиǰսҶ棬ҶˣǻɱҶ棡
߻µı֯ͻ׬׬
ô׬Ҷ治ǰ벻һġ֣
ƻǹģ
ҵլԺܱѾиǱˣʱ̹۲լԺܱߵ״˰ɣԱǵƻֱޡ
ҶǣЦ
ƻ㲻޷죬Ҳ˶ˡ
ǣȴϴһ¡ҶƣʵǱϿȥôأ
ȻǽĴ̿ȻûгȫȻҶʱյҲܹشҶ棬Ҷʵ
ǣǧһ֮ʣҶ汾ܵ˱ֶΡ飡
߶λظ飬ĵؿڵһƵĴȫ̽ڡ
飬ȫڵĵؿռݣΪҶ泹׽鹱һ
Ҳǵʱʯ䣬ҶķӦʱ䲻࣬ҪȻһƾųϵ鶼ˡ
ĲҶܴһѪ
ȥˣʵϣأҶһ£ľٷ˵ҩʱܹ׻ָ
ҶĿǰ״ȥˣʵϣʱ֮Ǻúһֻǧһսʱܵ˻ָҪһˡ
ǶսӰ죬ֻҪǧһĶ֣û̫Ӱ졣
ǣǸϸ˵ǽĴɱ߲Ϊǿ϶Ϊˣ
Щһҵ׬Ǯ
ҶǶظһ˿ЦȻǲҺùҲǺù
˵ڵİСүҴûȥ
ת䣬ҶѾ뷨
Ҫ뽫ǿӵĸݣݺݵĳһڶÿ䡣
䣬ûҵĿꣿҶʵ
ˣڳֵɵѲ˶ݳպĺܿ죬Ǳ׷ˣ͡͵۾
ģ
һ֮ڣ֪λ޷֪ļ̺ţ͡˵
ҸָݹȥȥǺηʥҪ֣
һɲǣҶͷһΣһӰͳҶλãҶı壬ȴƾʧ
Ҷڵص׿ٵĶţʱʱķһôԸ
ˣǰţǸһӽڸ˻㱨͡
̺ţ
ƵʱҶһֱӶ̺ڲ
ոһһݡ
ⳤ̺ڲػм䣬Ȼܲһ·һħɷ
ħɷˣǡɾͿݡ
һΣҶݣȻ˸ˡ
ˣҪҪҽߵ̸㸴Ҷ޷ȥ츳ͨȴκӰ졣
˵
Σ
ˣСܹǴ棬Ϸó֣
־ͺãӵˣѾλ˰ɣ
Ѿλˣү
ǾͺãҶˣСκ쳣
ˣϸһΣɼĵ룿УԱ˶֣
Ա֣Լǧˣڶĵֺţܱϰֺˣʱ򣬾ɵ滳ɣҲɲͷϡ

ţҶ¶ɭȻЦ


1507 кݼ
һֺմӺƽԾʱ򣬰һҹɵͻȻ˹ޱȡ
ʣֵĵطޣ
ֻҪ޵ʼޣ޾ͻɵֵĵط¥˹ݶȲ
ÿһߵѪѪͱӰӣңܱҲǶͽĻ۵ء
һһҹҵ
ҵʹ֮󣬾ͻһϢ˿ڣһߣѣף
öܱ֮һԽԽ࣬ҲͶߡ
ⲻոɵٷĵںִǻûϹЩ̺žӪĶĵѾʼߺˡ
ѾȺľۼ˸ĵʼע顣
ʵϣ޹ٷԹЩвٳֱĴ̼ҵĿ˶ʵǿйƣÿһעⶥһƷʯѺע޹ٷĵʤʵǺܵ͵ġ
Ҷʣ͵ʱһɶûˣʴﵽһɡ
ҲһƷʯٿƷʯǣע˻
û취׼ʯײ񰡡
ҪҶʤ峡ҲüǧƷʯˡ
ң޵ֻҪӮˣ⡣
ޣܱ߰ڵ˽˶ĵҲ˭뿪ܿģϸҪ
Դǧǰһ˽˵Ϊ̫֮󼪣Щע߲ûַ֮޶ܱ˽˶ĵǿĹܿء
оʵ⸶Ĵ̼ңܲ⣬˵еѺ
޷棬ЩĵֻһҪӮҲ٣û˹ܡ
ԣЩͽٵģʵЩĸߵ˽˵ڣȻ޵ĹٷĵҲ˳ֵѺһѡ
Ǯ˭Ⱑ
ɽŵĹ־СԺڣҶһҹǱ۾³һ
ȻһһɿҶڣظתһȦûκɬҹǽĴ̿͸ҶɵƣѾȫˡ
𣬴ٴζˮźҶϴʰһ֮Ҷ׼̤Ժǰ޼ޡ
գҶ޵ĵա
Ҫ̤ŵʱҶͷɵһȻҪˣҪӴһ㡣
ԷѾŻҶ߳ɵˣǻӵĸһ㡣
ŵʱһҶɫͱɷײѣէһǴ󲡳һ㡣
̤ԺŸոӷɶɲǣһüͷ
Щϸڣһ˲ҲҶŴ۲Ҷ档
ǣλеĽĴڣҶ̤־ӵɲǣһл޵۲Ҷһһ
һεжҪͶʯһ֣Բһ˿һĲ
ȻѾˣǻϸĹ۲죬﷭
ɫ԰ףδԭ
һɲü΢ɲβӦˣʱʹԭ
Ϣܿʹ˳̺λүϸ
ӽյı֣ҵԤ࣬ƻָٶȣеҪһЩϸ˵
ǺӵĽүȴЦӷɾͻƣôһ˸ǿȵսУת˲ơ
֮£ϸȴǸӵĽҪҪһ
ôԸûҹԳ֡
ǵǣֻǣϷܾģСЩز¶һЩһϸ˵
һƣֻҪһ֣;Իᱩ¶һ˿תĶߣܱЩߵ㻹׬һʣ⣬Ͳˡүߵ
ɵѡҪһ㣬һҪѡ־СûˣҲӲӲСʲôѹƵطҲܳŹȥ
ֻҪôغϣСӵƣѹסϸ
ϷҲôģǰЩӣϷһֱСԪͽˣͲһˣλɱǿߵľϰɡ
һ£үֵʵͽ꣬£սʤҲһİգ¹شƣá
ҾͷˣϸһüЦ٣һʣ㹻ңˣ
ԣүҲٺЦ
Ҷִ޵ʱܱߣѾͷܶˣҶĺִ䭣ҲѾ
ҶĿһ΢΢ͷʾ⡣
⣬Ҷһöĳ⣬ȥ
Ҷ汻վ֮󣬴Žյʽʼ
ǰյĴսҶڽＡζսԪǧ̵ȸ֮Ҷʮ֮Ѿʽ޵Ľڡ
һߣѾ̨ˣѾһܹսġ
ϣս߶ǿеǿߡ
ԣҶ֮ս߲ûе֡
ܿģΧ۵ǱһȦһλų꣬õ˵һźƣǩ״
꣬أǰޣִ䭸ߺһѺעʼ
ͬʱǾ۷׷ף뾡һа취̽ʵ
ϧģʶˣûУ˿ʼʵǿ󣬿ܻսʤҶ档
Ѻ꣬Ҷ֮ǰʵְֲѺ
ܿģȺУһҶԲз۾ʹ鱦аסɫ⡢شضݷ˶ͨǽǿߣҲܹӵС
˵أǽڵǿҲսʤ
ˣѺǮ˭ᣡ
£вߴͷ޵Ĺٷע׷һƷʯע
ע֮󣬾ִֹɵҲ߯Сˣɵʣһٿ飬ʤļǮ£Ѻ㣬ʵǶԲԸ
˵䣬һ߾ʹǵĲһΪ۱ĵĵע
ƹģʲôʣ
Ҷʤһһɣʤһɣƽ֣һ
٣ʲһһɣһƷʯôҲ׬һǧƷʯȫѺȥҲҺһˣ
ѺǧƷʯ
ѺƷʯ
Ѻ顭
ܿģ߾ھ۱ĵſһС߳ԱߵĺĵԪĵƹۺˡ
һһ壬һ߳ɣӭλͬǰע
ĺĵƹһȺ߳ˣı߼ǮǼ߸ߣѺ׬һ㣡
һȺ߾;ĺĵ
ҲˣЩĵǺٶģĺĵ־ԶĽԪĵƹҲߺһɡ
壬б±Ǹߣ塭
٣ǵʣɣҶˣǿⲻ𡭡
ϣҶǼĵߺȣٸеʹĴѺҶʤǮô֪͡Ǹֵ̺µĶĵļˡ
ݼ治ҶǸһ˿Ц


1508 ԭ
һӵעʱ䣬ܿͽӽβˣĵҶʣҲһߵĵ
ߵһ壬͵һһɡ
ȻעʱӽβעߣﲻĵĻǣæĽŲմء
УһѺӵĽүµϸЦеĹ۲һĻ
ǵǧУ˵к˵ģѾǧڹٷĵʤˣٷĵʣһүЦ
Ӧòõעɣϸ˵
ǵעΣүЦһУǰҵģǿĵڣǶġ
⿪ĵģֻܲⲻѪɣ
ǧͶֻܶǧƷʯͷǧƷʯ޷˽ǣҲ㹻ǺһˡүЦ
ү̸ϸȴ˷ܵĴ˴֣٣ĵڣѺʤѾߴˣעܶѾﵽһǧƷʯˣ
ȥڿƷʯ·ȥÿǧƷʯף˵δ棬үҲһ˷ܡ
ǧƷʯңˡϸֵ
ңǧƷʯ鱦ǾԲܵģǺ鱦ãҲŪһãһҲеģߣŪƷ
Щ⣬ϵǿߣҲнаʵү˵
⵹Ҳǣ
䣬ûʵԭ
٣ûݲƸǵʵܷԽһˣ
˼żƻɹǰߵĺĵ֮ǰ͡͵ؼ˽ȥһһöָ
ʮƷʯѺʤ
˺ĳ֣ʱöĵĻǾΪˣͰ
󲿷ߣѺʮģǴֱˣѺʮƷʯģǺˣѺٶƷʯģûУԷǳټ
ҪǻǰƹĻÿһ£죬յ˽жעնעϲⶥ
ܿľ߷ˣ͡ǵǸ
ٶȣ־͵ִֵĽүϸǰ
СǷ֪ˣԸѺôصעϸüͷ
ǷˣСӦǿǵļƻүĺӲһ£ֻҪеӣܹǵļƻ
Сôڶޱȵţ
ţţϷһƣǸ۷ϣûĹҲòˡ
ϷƣӦǶа׺ǻޱȵţ֮ǰһƵУֻǿѹƵط
ϧȫʢ״̬µҲܹԸģ
ӦûɣϸЩġ
İɣ˵䣬үһϵ꣬΢΢ͷ
Ѿ¾챾ԴѪҲʤһ

עʱ䵽׼ִ䭸ߺһ޵ػ绺ĺϣ
սǣʱҲ׷쳤˲ӣȴű俪ʼ
һ˷ޱȵڴţǰЩѺעʯյƹǣʱӸ˷ܵͨ졣
һƱ׬ϰˡ
һθĴʮǰˣģȽ죬ҲҪСĶࡣ
ǧ̵ӰҲ⣬󡢻ζ˿ǧ̣ȴҽӽǧ̡
ǧ̷֮ǧ̱ҪȥҶϣҹҪȥźҶӡ
ǣǧ̲֪Ҷסİ
ⲻһҹŵҶ棬ˣȰǧ̣ȴûһ˸ҿڣᣬǵʻء
ָ̣
ָ̣꣬
˹Ϊ֮ĿɨһϿյĺִ֮ͬʱüĿޱȵʼϴ˷ֻȿսһ̣
ִüͷ΢ţոյرյѺעЩ쳣ʱҲû취ֱֻ䣬Ͼõ
䡭ʼ
ɲǣ͵һΣͻӰ˲Ϣʧ
ҶӦֺаףʹ˿մ
״еĽүһЦã֮¶
ϣҶ汳ͻһʧ͵س֣һžŰʮһɢƷϢĺɫͷ·ʮһɫһ㣬Ҷ档
Ҷı󣬷·۾һ㣬һȦ𶸵صϯꡣ
ͷһʦĽҪơ
ȻΪߣϲʤʤ֮ľرʲôȫ˲õġ
ɫηĽ֯һƬӭͻȻ䣬Ҷָᵯ͵غںɫ֮бֱĺɫ⣬һƷ⻪ɢ
ȴһ
ֱƷ֯ɵĽ⣬Ļ˵
ͨ񾳶صߣ
һУɫͬʱͷԭȵɾȥޱȵء
һʩչݷգѰһ
ҲһɲǣҶһ̤һȦɫ⻪ɢشɢ嶸رñȴɽҪء
ͬһɲǣӵص״ܳɿĽ棬ԭء
һ䣬ȴûκεĻңһС춸شԺɳǰǰصľǶɽһ㡣
Ʒɽ죬ʦ͸ı
ͬʱҲһսĲԡ
Ҷսʦ͸Ҳ̸Ӧ֮
ӦҶǿѹƣսپõӦԷǴ߶ɽӲ
ֻҪǿУҶƱȻ
ɲǼɳǰɽ죬ҶٴЦ׼Ļ湻ֵţ
ͬһɲǣУһĻүǺɫĺ¶Цݡ
һУǵԤ֮С
ֻҪɽУҶƱͱɣ
ܲܳŹҶйʵ߶ɽ죬ӲҶǿɵĻ꣬ҲԽӸĴϡ
겻ϧԴ缸챾ԴѪŸʮҲ⡣
ϣһޱȵ겨شҶһţϢʧɲǣö͸źϢ꣬شҶ˫֮зɳ
Ϊػԭ򣬳ûһܹӦϢĿֲ
öֵɲǣҶĶ֣ɫȴǱˡ
Ϣֲ̫ˣ
ֻһλǰȫһʱܹ
ôǿ
ôôǿ
пͬʱʶģҧ⣬׼һ챾ԴѪ
߱ıܡ
ţô챾ԴѪˣУүһ㡣
ͬʱĺȻɢںɫ׹ɽ첼µط֮ϡ
Ǵݿһ㣬ͱƴֽһ㣬ɽ꣬˲ϢͱΧ
ͬһɲǣҶ۾ȴǵһһ͵꣡


1509 Ӧ
ҵУ޵ػҵĶ⻪ʼ糱ˮһɿɢһĻúִɫһ䣬æȶػ硣
еĽүϸ˵ĸΣȴһɲͲһ£˵ɫͬʱɷޱȡ
ĶбΧˡ
ػԭǴʱѹ޷ȷ״ֻܴ
ȴɢȥ
ǽ߬һȭͷѾ޷ƵĲ
ˣǺ
Ǵʱ˼ѾϾ˼ҶһеɱΪʲôǿΪʲôǿѹƻ
ֻ֪
ֻǣΪǲٳµ˵ĸʱҲǸͷ󺹵ĿһĻ
ҪˣǺֱ
ôһɲǵʱ䣬ͻȻޱȵ
еĽүϸ˵ĸоУһɲǣͷ·һô
ҵ⽥ɢȥӰʹӸֳ
ģûеôңϾɽַ͵Ʒȫ߶ҲΪס
οΪ۷ߣҲһıµģȫӳǱסһ
ɽ٣ټϹؼʱ̿˼ڱѪⶼܴᣬҪǣ̺֮ʱҴܡ
֮£ǽ佹ұۣƲء
껹ţеĽүϸͬʱһɡ
ֻҪţлᡣ
ֻҪټһغϣ˵ܹҵʤǿվԭزҶ棬ѾƱˡ
վװģˣ̶ֳȵĹӦѾҶǿѹơ
һɲǣүϸһֽٺĸо
ǣɣҶǣͻظһ˿Ц·һľݣͻȻ´ܳ
һһ㣬͵ͻ塣
˲Ϣ䣬ͱϰٵѪҲٸմȾѪɫī̲Ҷظ䡢ദʺۿҲвҶ
Ĳҽ˰Ϣ͸Ȼֹ鴤һ£͵رȱԴҽж˳
ҶȴǿҲûһаף
¡¡
һͳ׵ɢ
⣬˶ˣҶĺֶθˡ
һ䣬бҪϾɱ
ɱ꣬Ͼɱꡣ
Ǵؼ䳹׵Ĩɱ갡
˶ҶɷֶθһＡζǵһ
ǸҶ潻ֵＺͻζҵĸоҿҶǲûʩ֣ҪȻ
ִ䭼״Ҳǵһ
Ȼǩ״ֻǱ鷳һֶΣޣһϼƽ̨żɱԷϾɱԷ곹ĨɱԷ飬Ƿǳǳġ
ϣҶȴ̩ȻһľɵĲҶջڣ̹ȻĿ˷
̺ŵˣѾŻҶɵˣҶ滹һ·ʲô
Ҷ渴׷ɱҶ棿
Ҷ治˳̺ŵ׬Ǯƣʧһֲ֣̺ŲҶ治ݲŹ֡
ҶҪһǲǸ֮ʣ
УһĻүϸ罬ɫҰޱȣ޷ǰһĻġ
ˣ
Ȼôɴıɱˣڴеĵƣȴ˿ûг֡
ʱѾûʱ俼Ϊʲôˡ
ڣǽҪһ£һɲǣ˵ĿޱȼǿƵǸĵڡ
սʤһĺִ޽һһźһ㣬֮ǰѺעǣ˲Ϣˡ
һ£ЩѺעߣͷһΧĺԪȼĵʼҶע
޵ҳٶҶһĵͲһˡ
޵Ĺ̫࣬ⲻô죿
עʱĻ𱬳棬ǿǼˡ
ִ´ˣе㲻ԾǼ˽˵ѺʤĿ̫ˣԤڿƷʯǼڿȴЩߡ
ƽһ㣬ҲҪ⸶ǧϵƷʯЩҪҪһʾ
䭿һ޵Ĺٷڣ뵽ǰЩĴʤߣǶظֳһ˿ЦҪ£ȴˡ
֪ͨѲǼҵڵҶඣĵӣ޵ɲǸඣ
ͬʱеĽү˲ϢյʮʾķѶѶȫһⲻ⣡
λӽүӦϰλװͳһɵѲͻسܱߣһƵĶ·Ķĵƹǡ
ͬʱүյ˳̺һŷһѶү̺ڣͻȻפһɵѲ֪⣬̺Ͽգʮλǿ֡
һɲǣӵĽүͲЦ
ϵеĶʲô˲
Ǽĵô꣬ɵ˵ϸǷء
ңǸģҲûǸ£ɲܹһ֮ġ
⣬ȫϣǴв裬Ҳȫϣүҧ
һԵϸѾ׵ʧˣһһģ
ⲻӦð
鲻Ӧ


1510 ֻ
Ԫĵĵǰ͡ģ˦˷ѺעעƱߴʮƷʯѺעͷѪƹ޵
ǽүĸ֪µĻģ֪͡ǵĸ࣬Ƿҧгݡ
ԭܼ򵥣үβ߻ˣɲ⳥ô򵥣һãǶԽȥ
ģߵʣȻҶʵͣǼܲסѺĶ࣬һӮʮǧƷʯ
Ԫĵƹݸָ͡ʱݶҧĿ֨졣
УӽүϸһĻҲֱȴûжʱ
һΣΪ˴һʣе󣬶˳̺ڵĴʽ
ڳ̺ڵλĸߣǽүܹɵ̺ˣǣ̺Ųǵģжҡ
֮ǰʱڣĻƣΣûôֱʡ
һΣΪҶΪͣ٣ֱʾĴˡ
Ϊ˻õĺ棬Ȼó̺Ŵµݣ̺ڵĽʽԭǵ뷨ҲŲðѣ˭뵽޷ļƻȻˡ
ȥʯ͸ߴǧˣټ϶õǧѺ޹ٷڵǧƷʯһǧƷʯ
ȥǧƷʯ֮УĵȥģýͣϾĵӮҲõ㱳ʱǮˣȥǧƷʯҲԸҽ͵ͨ
үѾˣǼĵƹһȥ˵ͷԷ˶עʧӦԳеҵˡ
⼸ĵȥǧƷʯĨƽˡ
ǣ˽ԶõǧƷʯɲܹĨģգ벹ϡ
ôģʯû׿ϣԲܡ
Ƕ֪£ԻƤ
𿴽ڵǰޱȣЩŻռһСĺǿǰѹʲô
һãƤѻ塣
ҪƽʱƾӣܲһЩ죬˭֪̺ˣֻܿԸ
죬ϸ̺һʣǻһʱ䣬ҪǧƷʯĿոˣү˵⻰ʱ򣬺Ӷڲš
ǧƷʯǿǧƷʯⱲǧ׬ʯҲûǧţ֣ϸˣ
ҵֶΣ֪ġ
һ𶫼ңϸ촽Ͳ£Ǿ⡣
Ǳ벹ǧƷʯȻǲδܻȥ飡
գ
ǣ֪µĸǣȫһգǵ˿ãҲýݿո
ӽүһĺϸ棬°ԸĴָ˵ֱӷſ¹ǽǿߵĸЩڵС硣
׼ȷ˵һûκĸոճ͵ڵĽӿռ䣬սүĿǰٶȣǧ꣬˵ܹһһ˿ĲȱС硣
ڣǸŶİȫޱȵĽӿռ䡣
ߣŸʯҩЩĸָƷ
˱ĵҩ֮⣬ĶȫóˣȫӦôոƷʯԲһֿգ
˵꣬үĿϸ
ôϻˣϸܲ׽ү˼
ʾ⣬ҲҪôô
һȻЦУϸ°ԸĴָҲǸȽүһĴڵĿռ硣
ҵҲ㣬ȫˣ˴ոƷʯò׻µҡϸſ˵
֪ͨҸԵͽܣĸһأҪȻǡҪү˵
Щֵûִһ֮󣬽ˡ
Ǻǵͽĸȫҵ֮󣬴ճ˾ŰٶһǧƷʯǣǧţ
үϸӶ˵ɫǻҰޱȡ
ãүĺӲ˵ҵȨޣԵƷʯʽӦ䣬֮ǻһǧʯȱڣ
һǧƷʯɱңҲղϸϵҶ棬޲ھͳȥɱҶ档
˺ġ
׬Ǯգ䵽˾ء
ߣõȵ뿪ɵҾȥúõĳһڶ
˵һ룬ϸ۾ͻһϣŽӽƷʯľ޿
ԣү۾ҲһûԲһֿգУɱõĺ鱦ѻ֮õĻƳа׵֮ǡ
ϸ۾ˣܹһεĿգ˵еͷ
ôˣүĺһ˾Ͷ֣
һϸЩԥˣɵ桭
ʲôı£սپ˸֮ǰ뿪ʱǲµ㣬Σ
ڣҪǺסһУү
ԣϸصĵ˵ͷ
߶µĶƣҶȻ֪ҶޱȺֶνλ곹Ĩɱ֮󣬽صޣȴ徲ˡ
ⶼһʱˣȻûһǰޡ
Ҷ治ܱߵĹսǣȴˡ
ûޣûĵעûĵעĻʯţ
಻߻ߣû˸ϣ
ҶգǰЩ߻ваյĵһսȴͷ˿Ҹ״ˡ
ǰսҶսȻл˾صߣǷһֽš
һսȴѹ
Ȼԣѹһλӵ۷壬ӵһԵƷߣֱӺ֣£Ҳнڻϵʵһ㡣
֮ҪԸҶ棬ҲǿߵսҪʤҲýص߲Ųࡣ

ûУ
Բϣ
οҶ֣ޱȸϾɱ˭ҲԸСЦǡ
ҪǣҶа׺ɵĻ꣬սپͨǰ޵ĳսʱͲˣ
ţ
֮еţһţսʤҶĿܣ
£ǣɺ۾ȵ䣬ҲûеսҶߡ
޵գҶһսɹޡ
֣ٴտʯ·
⣬ǧ̹ĸҶ˻լԺĵطＡζ˻ƤȥٸҶָ顣
ɻǰǧ͵ػͷиֵһȦɫ⻪ͽＡζһ
ʧھͷǧ̣ףУ£Ǳ뾡֪ͨҡ
ζҽ֪ǧҵ̨ģǲˡ
Ҫǲ֪ͨңպֻң˵


1511 
䣬ȻˣԺźҵЩֻͽɡǧҲһҶת˹־ӵĶԺ
֮Ҷһͽˡ
Ȼǧ̹ˣҶûƴ
һսǧ̿ǽõͳͳˣҶ־ޱȣ֪Ҷʲô
Ĳ֪ҶͷͷǳҪؼҿһˡ
Ȼջȫұɱǧ̱֯Ļ񣬵˭һˣҹλأܻẹ͸¡
ҶôģǣȴǼˣˣҲҵĲ£ǲҪˣ
ǣҵ˼ڳʱҶȻ
Ǹɵǵ£Ҳ˶£ߣͣŮˣһء͡һŤӾǿ
ǧüһ˴䣬Ŵ͡ŭ߳˵ʲô
ҶһߣĿһɨŭĿüǧ̱ùޱȣҲҳ
Ȼˣҵͣɴ为ɣϴϴ˲ˮģɡĩˣҶֶǧ̽ʲôģ͡
ǣǧ̼ˣǧ̵ü˳۵ĵ
Ҳһ֣Ҷͣǧ̣Ϊء
ãзԣǴôѪķ
ǧ̺ܿڴָͶ״̬ǧλӵɫĸšˮëϴ֣Ҷȴһ顣
̺ţضưոݡ
䣬һ̺ŵķǸүϸʲô̬һˣҶ͸佻ôһ
Ҷھ˼
죬ó̺ŵ˳ԵĿ̫ˡ
Ǿ޿ǧƷʯֹ
ǧƷʯ
ķرڶٵ̺ŵĻԲȵݲƸҪ꣡
ݲƸκһ߷ˡ
ڣҶ治ǽүϸԤڿƷʯˣǾ޿ǧƷʯ
˲·ɱ˸ĸ
Ҷģ̺ҪǲԼǾԲܵġ
Ȼ˵֮ǰǸϸͷºݻҶɵ
ǽݺݵĿһ֮Ҷͱޱȵľ
ͷһϣһλͨռͨĽǿߣǱûȫʱһܹҶ棬Ҷ淴Ӧ㣬ɱҶ涼пܡ
ôŭ£̺ŵĸ֣᲻ȸɵҶһڶ
ȻϾ͸ɵ϶֣ô⼸죬ȱҴɵϣôֻҪлᣬȻ֣
ૼ䣬ҶĿǧ̡䡢Сèͷһһɨ
ڿһ⣬ƾǧ̡䡢Сèͷܲһλ۷Ĵأ
ЩѡǿǹǣǷˡ
ǲϧ¶ħ˧ټǧ̵ͨҵаףӦÿӦһλ۷Ĵڰɣ
ǣӦɣȻҶ֣Ҳµʲô
ǣҵĵȫ¶ˣôһΣģܾǱɱˡ
ôأ
Ҷ˼
ǰ׼֮£̺ŵҪɱӦû⣬Ǳ̫ˣ
˼Ƭ̣ҶַһѶȥ뷨еǸ˵Ŀڷ硣
ϢתķѶͻˡ
һۣҶһгⰡ
Ҷ̧žҪǰȥ£յſڣҶĽ˻
ˣҶԭǣѣҪӣҪݺݵĿӣӡ
ңҪעκһϸڣܶ飬ʵͻϸڴ
һΣҶͻóһӰӰھڵʱҶͶ˵صףֱĿĵء
ɽڵһլԺڣＡζ˿һʽĸޱȵ̣ޱƷʯζȴǿһ
ǻζҪ˵ǲ취˵ܹȳǧ̵ġ
ʲôȣ
ʵǵĶ֡裬ǵרǧ̶ʰˣҲȲϣʲôȣû˵
ζ޺޵һţҾ벻ˣĸʯͷų˵ôӣͨ񾳶ذ͵ǣ컹ֱɱصߣһкһƷ⻹𣿡
ͻȻ䣬ǰĸһͨߴǧ̰Ѿͷȥˣ֪ϵˡ
ΨһĳɹǴǧõҵĶλ
Ａζ˭Ҳҿڡ
󣬻ӲͷƤ﷢齲һͨû꣬ͷʹ˷·ʨһʲô˿Ҽǧ̵ꣿɱǧģ


1512 ɽ
̺ڣܹܽүĺһһģˮϸĶ棬ɫĿ¡
ʱʱģĸӽŻرһĵĳȥˡ
ңرʱ򣬻ޱȵСģֱõ괫ȱ޷죬ҪǴȥ䣬ҲҪԴġ
ǵĶңֵ´ȱˣ޵ȴֵļһ
˵еĶң¶ôһ԰ɣ
̺ڣһӰһ㣬ÿ˾æԼ飬ûҲ˵֡
æµµգŽֹͣ
λȫԵĽүȴǸӵ
Ӵĵһ̨սͽɢʼǾͿʼæµˣضıȫһԵõг̵ʱת˳ȥ
ʱϸΪ˲ʯȱڣֱ¼ϰĶطת˳ȥ
Щɶ͵һмеլӣҲ˳ȥ
ʿڵŹǼѣȫˣҲȫˣڣ˰ٶƷʯ
˰ٶƷʯ˵ڣƽʱҪＯҲ÷һֽš
ϸ׼һ£ܷɹһ٣ȫˣԳϸ˵
ϸĬȻĵ˵ͷСǱߣûʲôӰɣ
ûУ
ӵĸÿʱͻرһ״̬һֱﾲأڡˡ
ˡ
֣ϸЩ࣬һУȫصϱߡ
˵СˣΪʲôǿȵƵӰأϸЩ벻ͨ
ûӦϸش˵һ㣬ϸԲƭҶΪʲôƵӰ죬Ҳ벻ס
죬ǧ̸СӹȥˣĿǰҲ֪ǧ̸С֮䵽ôһ״
ǣ㶯ֵʱһҪСģǧ̵ɫһͨǣĵҲԲѵ
İɣûֵĻᣡϸһЦ
ǾжɣѾ֣ͬʱһԽӦ㣡Գ
Ϣ֮һ󲨶ϸͬʱʧ
־ӵĶԺͷڣҶھУĴɱҶڰȫϣȴǸġ
֣ػĽֶԶԶģǸػǿȣ̫ǿһڵǿߣ˲ϢͿԳơ
ȴܸߵ˷Ӧʱ䡣
ǣϸԣһжҪ
ΨһҪȷǣĿߡ
ˣɹȥ̽ӴӵصݹȥԺĲ֣ֻ࣬ϻ;ͷޣھ⡣
ͷڣһһŮŮӦǧ̣ûҽӽеǸ࣬ڣǵھڣԵ괫ϸ鸮
Ǳߣɡ
Ī󣬳ĻɵϲɲǼ䣬ϰٵ˷𣬾ĵط
ͬʱеϸһ࣬һ״̬Ҷ澲ҵĵطռ䲨ظ鸮С
һޱȵĿռ˲ϢۺһܱߵյһĨޱȵĿռ䲨
ͬʱҶԺڵľͷٴ˻
ͬʱСè䡢ǧ̾ѡ
ͬһɲǳҶ澲ڵϸȴ˿ûЩ
죬ʩչͬĿռֱͨӶ˵ľڣ׼ƣû뵽ʩչռͨ޵ĳ˻ʾХһĳٶȣôһӰ졣
죬˽˵ϸѾ˿Ӱˡ
Ҫ´ݾߣҪɵ˳ֱˡ
ֵɲǣϸĵһΣϸû˿֡
ȫŭ֣
бǧɫ⣬ֵɲǣһЯĽɷͽҺķѡ
飡
ϸӡӡҶĺġ
ǣδӡʵһɲǣҶӰͱĽɷ̴Ӱɢ˿С
ã
ôȥɲǰ׻ģϸʱһ뷨
ȻԷо׼˻ôĴɱѾ²Ϊ
ͬһɲǣϸ;ˣߣ
뿪
һɲǣٲݴӵӿǳˮһ
ôֶΣҲңֵģӳ
һСϸԺɳһҶľ߶ٲݣ˲Ϣ䱻жϡ
ϸеˬȴп࣬һӣѾʧ뿪ʱ䡣
ƾ飬ҲɱңҶЦҶӰԺڵĽڡ
쵰
һҶ棬ϸһ޵ҧгݣǱС·һҶ档
ɽ
УƵĺһˮıӣ·쵹һ㣬͵شе
ϸϸıӣȴз֮УǺȻ
ģһӣһɽ
ҶĸоУ±ߣƺһɽһ㡣
飡
ȻУˮı齣ײһ𣬾Ȼ䣬ȥɷǹ졣
һɲǣϸĶ̽һ·𱻲֪Ŀֲʲһ°㣬⻪ɢ
ôһ⵽شϸ鸮һ𣬺ͷ͵سһѪУȴǿ־塣
ɽ䭣ô
ϷΪʲô
Ҳ˵һɲǣҶа׵쳹ͬһɲǣˮıӣ·ʮɽһ㣬ٴ˹ȥ
ң
ûҶң
ϸͫ׶һһɽ䭣ӦޱȵѣټϵԱߵңʹˡ
ҪǣаףҲܹӵģҪǰһǣ۷ǿߣܲˡ
ʱ£ϸٴҲ׽챻ˣ϶ǽɱҪȻõĺִ¡ߴɽ䭣ǲġ
ɽ䭳Ͼʹ߲ˡ
ϸУһ˿
ȻˣǾϷһսһϸ˫ĿֹһռƴüĿϸǰĿռ䣬ͻȻ;ޱȵĲһϸϸĺɫռƷɿĳ֡
ҶոȥаףϢıռƸˡ
޼նһŭȣϸУǿռƾͷ·һѵһ㣬ɽ䭡
䭵鶸һ䣬еΪˮıӣŷ֮ٴ˹ȥգ·һ㣬Ȼ
ٷҲÿնʲô
ɽ䭵δһǴɫɵĺϸĺס
ϸ͵һǴɿռɵ޼նͻȻͿʼɿɢ
飡
䭵ˮޣһ̩ɽһĸоݺݵĳ顢Ӧȥ


1513 ǧ̵
飡
䭵ˮ޴ϸĸб鵽˼򴦣ȴǱӵĳǷ·ðשһĺȻ
ҶĿע£ϸ壬ͻȻǱש͸һ㣬ķѣ
Ҷ飬͵رޱȵľ㵣ʶĿһɻӱ޵ɽ䭡
һӺشӽŵֱš
⻹һλ
һֱӽһλ۷ߵķѣ⽬ɣǱӣǴӺò
һͬƬģһƷף
ҶϸŰɳȥԴϵ۾УҲд𾪣
Ȼ˵ϸһޱ˸ţǧ̵ɫ͵ϮĹͣҲ̫Ĵһɣ
ӣãҲǺ鱦ɣҶͷһ뷨
ǳ̺źôĵӣȻһɵĹأһΣǳ̺ŵĶҲøɵһ
ŭ߳һɽǸһķ˱һ޺ķѵϸϸ߲꣬
ͻȻ䣬һǶش£·һ΢΢һ
֮𣬿ԭ
һ޵ĺдɲǣǵ΢ķ·һĻǣ΢һر
ɲǼ䣬ԲʮͱһƬ𺣡
ҶɫҲһɲǱùŹޱȡ
ʲôˣ
ɽһŭǰһ·ѵˮһǰĻһ㡣
ҶȥģȴǱӣǵصĴɽӰشɽӰѹ֮£űȥĻ𺣣ʼɿϨ
ҶȴˣǴ۽磬ʶĸ֡
Ҷ֮ǰùŹ֣ΪǷ·һĻ汬ɲǣҶоĻ׵ıˡ
ĻѾ׼ʱ׼ɵ꣬ȻҲһɲǱ
֮Ҷһ˲䱻ɣ
⻹Ҷȫµ
ֹһֶΣҶͷ󺧡
һΪҶһֱɱﵣҪĸֶսҶ滹δ֣ʵѾࡣ
ǿɵʵֹУֻ˿Ҫɱһӱɣ⻹ô
ֶΣʵ
Ҫǣǿֻ˷ԪлĻ棬ȻŲҶ
֣
ͻȻɱˣǸеĸ֣
ܵģҶӿһ˸׹ݣԼŻס䣬ǧ̣˺СģҶȵ
ͻȻֵĸͣɽ䭵ֶȴǸͣǲĴɽӰһ꣬һ֮ڣ˷ԲĻ𺣣Ѿ
ֶΣٴҶ澪̾ѡ
䭽֣ɽ䭵ֶϣǸɣ
ͻȻ䣬ҶĿٴһ
ɽǻ𺣣ǻ֮УϸŰŵԴȴƾʧˡ
滯ɻңϸӦûڡ
ǣϨĻ֮ڣʲôûС
øֶΣſտҰĻ𺣣ɽ䭺޺޵Ķ˶ţȻֻ˴˷ϹɵѲ
ҶȴǴˣôգۼ䶼Ĺϸͱ˾ˣ
һɣɽŵˮ޾ͻɢУֳɢɢ
ңҶѹûпκ鱦תɽ䭵С
һĻٴοҶ
һɲǣҶͻȻЦϢĹ𾪵Ĵȥ𾪵ܴҪࡣ
̶̵һ棬ʵҶ˼ʶ
ɽƺҶľ󣬳Ҷ΢΢ЦϷıɽͨȤ֮Ҳϰ
ǡͨǺ鱦ҶȻ
ֶΣȻͨ
ҶգʶͨĿֲ
ͨüͨеһ֣Ϊɽɹɽ£һȥ췭ظӺֻҪҹԸ⣬ãͿϰ
ҶǸܵɽ䭵ĳ⣬ʱ̵ġֻҪлᣬͻҶá
Ҷ湰ЦЦǻظɽ䭣ԼҪÿԣҵµ䡣
Ҷɲ׸ıԭˡ
ִ£ϸӦʶɣҶʵ
ʶ
ΪʲôҶֹ
һ˷Χ۵ӰɽͻתѾˣҲʺϾסϷ򻻸طɣ̸
Ҳã
С֮ɽ䭴Ҷ浽ɵƫһΪԺУõһҵΪ徲ҹӾסűǣ֮ǰ־ӱٵ飬Ϸɡ
ҶҲû䭿Ҷ漸ǰʱ򣬷˺ôľҵһŵԺ䣬⼸ԽԽ࣬ҵһԺ䣬ǲˡ
Ҷֽ͡ǧָʹ˳ȥǧ̹ޱȵģɽĿһ
ҹӣϷ֪ҹǧ˹ģҶɫһ䣬ɽЦİɣϷûд˽İá
ϷֻѵҹһŮһ㣬иǵλǳҹҪ㡣ɽ䭿ǧ뿪ıӰ˵
ǧŮװ£Ҷ֪ˣʵϣҶǧ̶ս֮ʱԪ鰢ûþԻǧǧ̷˻þ֮ʱҶѾ֪ˡ
Ҷ̶ȣľɫѲּ˾ɫŲȵģ
ҪȻҶǧָ̻ŮװźˣðǸĹļһ˵ǧ̵ޣǧҲ˵֣ᷢתС
Ҷ죬Ǳǧ̵Ļþĵˣڻ޲øǧ̼ء
ҶĴɲʲô˶ϵġ
ŮźţҲǳ
һ㣿Ҷȴνһʼ磬˵ҲûжʲôԼźҪģҪǣν
ԣɽ䭵Уһ˿ɫ
λ̫ϣҲ̹ˣҲһֱûʾ£ҲǲҶʰǧ̵ģҶ仰ȴƺ͸¶˵ʲô
ԸźҪ
ȥܲţɲһܹɵġ
֮ǰ˵öҶ̬ȣҶ治˵ٺ棬Ҳû취
룬ǽᵽϡ
Ϸ֮ǰӦʰ̺ŵ飬޷ˡɽһǸ˵
Ϊʲô
Ҷһɻ󣬡㲻ϳϸǳ̺ŵ飬ݵλˣֻҪ϶ӦòҪʲô֤ݰɣ
ԣɽ䭿Ц飬ûҹ˵ô򵥣ǲҪ֤ܰ죬Ϸ֣


1514 ӵĽ취
ɵ߽һլԺ֮УӵĽһĿϸԪЪ˹
֮ǰһ֮𡢿ԭȳϸģǱˣǺӽԡ
Σϸõ¶Ҳԡ
ҵǣǾȳϸȻֻȳϸԪ顣
Ԫߵ֮ɵģߵģǳʵһ΢ߡ
Ԫӵǿ󣬾ʧȥҲԳʱ档
һ㣬ֻҪʧȥһһ㣬޷ָ
Ԫ鲻һʩչͨؼʱ̣ǷٶȣҲ١
Ǹյҵģôܸõɽ䭽һ𣿡
㲻ʱ̶Ǹյҵ˵粽û뿪𣿡
ôϵ䭵ģǲǹģһ仰ϸԸҲطʧԣæһ¡
Ǻӽԣûκα仯š
϶ʵöû֣Ȼôǿˣ
ֵСӣҪôôĸͷ
һΣҺˣһҪСʬϣ꣬ҹҹĥ

ʧȥϸԪ·йһЪ˹ţϰ죬ͻȻ䷢֣ϴӽԣһ仰û˵
ףӣϰˣô˵ϸͻʵ
ڿǣ֮Ӧô죿ͬʱҲڵ侲ͳ˵
ϸһ죬ʵǱˡ
һλǿߵ٣ᱻģΪǴ̤ӣƳ١
ûκһԪڵĽǿܹ̤ġ
պܹҵʵûлһ֮ǰҲûʶĿܵġ
صĻ⣬˲Ϣϸѹʱ䲻ˣжʧˣ磬ʯҪʣô죿
ԭƻҶƷʯĲƸֻҪɵҶ棬˵ģҶĺ鱦㹻Ǵһˡ
Ҷϵıٶһ㣬ǵʿգ˵ܹˡ
ڣȴʧˣʧˣû
Ҳ롭̯̯֣ɵĿǰΪֹûκһõİ취
ϸԪ黯ɵС˶üͷģӣ˵ǽҹôһЩСһ̼֣ңӦþܴչˣ
ˣϸ
ԺԥĴϸĻ룬ҳ־㣬Ѿ׵ı¶ݣֶϣѾϳҵˡ
㰭ڹأǲܶʲôǣھּǵһһٸҸ£ôģ֪
öԣɵȶһУ
˵С̼ңҲܹģɹˣҲһܹõʯɵϿŵģļұûһűĽ򣿡˵
ϸһô˵·вͨˣô죿ѵŶʰǣ
һ𶫼ҵֶΣϸ͵شһĳһӲɣ
·ȷʵвͨ޾֮·Ѿ뵽һµķӡ˵
ϸһϲӣҾ֪϶а취˵
ȴǲż˵źӣơ
ⲽ⵽ϸԪǰ׵أлһѾͽϸԪС
㡭Ҫʲô
ӣǧĹˣ㲻ᡭ㡭
УϸУȴ¶һ˿֮ɫ̫˽ӡ
ҲΪ̫˽ӽԣ֪һ飬;Բġ
ϸ˵а첻ʱ䣬ǰ˰ٶƷʯȱȥ
̼ң֪ǳ̺ˣû˿ϲˣҪǮҲߵˡϸʵû취ˣԷ·һϸ
ϸȴŵĴӣ취һа취ģôˣʲôǵĿû
ȴûϸĻһ㣬ԹԵļ˵Ҳû취˰ϸ
ȫ군һһ
ģһˣھͻĸȥŴ߸㾫ҲѪ

㡭
߬еϸŭĿԲɣѾ֪ҪʲôˣҪװߣݿհ
㡭㡭㡭˰죬ϸͻȻйƤһ㣬·һ̾һ
㵱汣Ѫ
һǧĹĽ鰡һ㣬һġңģҽźģһὫǸǧΣ㱨Ѫޣļ䣬ڤڤоȻһĨ
ϸ˴ģԼԣȻûж󣬵ǣѾˡ
ҲУΣ
ûѡ
֮ϸڽԵĿƼ£дһ飬һƹŲþ޶ʯ飬֪޿ˡ붫ˡԼһ·ӡԼӡǡ
ӣĳŵ򽻸ӽ֮ϸŭ
İɣ
ӹ򣬽кϸԪ飬˲Ϣͻ˻ҽֻһ¶飬
飬ԽύҴá
ڳŵҶǧ£ԾԻޣҲҪ
ڸϸһѪѪ£Դ¿˲Ż
浱ɵӰ


1515 
ɵ帣ڣҶ潫ɽͳ⣬ЩΣգҪ̺ŵļƻûг״ɡ
ɽ䭵˵ѾȷϾϸԪ˾ǳ̺ŵĴܹܽˡ
κҪֵ¾ˣ¶湦ǾԲܵġ
϶϶Ҫʹʰ̺ȴܡ
ɵɵĹأϵ̻ôǲܣȶǻ
Ȼôķ۵̼ҾһϣҪܣҪɵƽ˾Ҳܡ
ԣɵǱǡԸ£㲻ϸ£ܴĵĸ¡
Ҫ£͵һ͵͵ĸ㡣
ҪþԻὫǸϳɵ
ң͵͵ĸ㣬ҲܱɵץУɵ֮˷٣Ϊһκ⣬ɵѲ̵ʱڸϵ۱˭
ֻҪûץסУû֤ݣɵͲƾܲȥʰԷ
ȻҪĴˣɵҲԲ
֮Ǳ򣬾ǴԼķΧڣԸ㣬죬̺ŴɱҶ棬ûϸԪ飬û֤ҲͲ֮ˡ
䭵Ļ˵ɵÿ̻󣬶վһ˲õۣҪʰҲù˼ɼ֡
Щ˵ĺޣô˼ˡ
޽֮Ҷĳ̺⼸ʮа˾ŻҪ϶һˣƾҶ棬϶Ӧˡ
ҶҪǰ߱Ҫ͵Ұ֡
ǽĸ֣Ҷ滹治ʶѲ񽫷İǿһԶˮⲻ˽ʡ
Ҷ֪ͨİϹƻ˶ˡ
˼ȥҶ뵽˺ִϡ
İ֣ðײá
ҶҲµ飬ѾˣֻҪҵµ䣬ͼá
˳ֻ䭵̬ȡ
ΪϢҵ䭣Ҷʵǽɵص״䭸ˡ
ȻܹϢǱõıһ
õı
֪Ҷĵϸ䭵ץˡ
Ҳ䭸ֲ뾡취ҶãңҶԸģһЩõı˵ֶͨͨá
˵ģƾܹϢǱñֵˡ
ʣ䭶Ҷ˵֮£Ӧķǳʹ졣
ûҶˢøĽأ飬䭲ӦŹ֡
ң䭺ѾϵҶ棬Ҷȴ䭰æ˵׽õġ
֮ҶҪãõĿ
ֻǣҶ滹䭣û뵽̺ŵı֮졣
ӣˣǸＣҪ㡣͡ЩҶĶ
Ｃ
Ҷ濴һǧ̣Щ׼ʲôģΪǧģ
ΪǧģǿɾЩˡ
ҶҲһϵ［ҶίУѰҲ£ӦҪġ
ֻǣҶǣոհᵽ帣ûã＾֪ס˵СЩġ
ǣҶֻ֪ٿƷʯܹ򵽵Ϣѡ
֮＿һ۹ԹҶǧ̣ٴ̾һ
˭õ͵ȴޱȵ֮Ůǧ̣ȻŮһվǰΪͨ񾳶ص
֣мҪ㣬Щӣǧ̵ļˣҪҪ׼
Ｕϸһ˿֮ɫ£֪ͨҵģּ£ҲҪСģǧͬһ㡣
Ҷһ˿ȻѾ［ֵ˿ɽύȺ֮С
֪ͨע⣬ֽ֪ͨҵ£ҲҶ棬£Ҳǹ
ϣҪҼˣԻȥ򷢣ͷϵġǧ̵ڡ
ȴǿЦУ򵥣ͺðˡ
ˣΪǧ˵Ŀƣǧʲôˡ
л֮ＴҴǴһĶӵζ뿪ˡ
Ҫܲˣܲǰƽƽǧ̣ͻȻūһ㹧Ҷ
Σʵס
ǧ̣ɫ⣬ģ˵˵ＣҶлúøǧһˡ
ϾǧҲӵɫ⣬֪ⷽһ㡣
ϣڿ֮ǰɫ⣬֮ɫ⣬Ϊﵽͨ񾳾۷ʱһϹؾԵɺɫ⣬ʮǰɾɫԪ顣

Ҷüͷ¿Ϊڻ龳ʱѾɫˡ
֪ûɫ壿Ҷʵ
ɫ⣿ȷ壿ħ壿ǧһɻ
ȷ壡Ҷصĵ˵㡣
ȷ壬ǾͲɫ⣬ɫ⣬رԴܸġǧ˵
Ҷӹһ˿ʧ֪֪ûѪڻ龳ʱӵɫ⡣
ߣ֪ӵɫ֮Уû˵һвµŮӣҶʵ
龳ʱӵɫ⣬֮Уܣӵ̫Ѫ̫壬Ҳڻ龳ʱӵɫ⡣
ɫ⣬ضһġڲ¡
ǧҡҡͷǸϣǧûôһˡ
ԣҶ̾һߵԺ쾮ҹˮ
磬һˣҲ
ǧ̿쳤̾Ҷǹ¼ŵıӰơ
޵ޣԽļˡ
ȻҲû֡
Уֹһ
ҶɵǰûһܹŹꡣ
Ҷֶٺһ㣬ֱӶΪķ꣬Ҷƣÿһֵɱûġ
Ҷ޵ˣҶ̫Եˡ
ʵϣߣҲܹ޳
޳𲻽ҪĹҪ׻
׻ǿ޵ļؽܲı󲿷ֲػħؽ磬ϡ
۸ħؽ֮⣬ϡ
ħͷϲɱ¾Դ
Ȼǵ׻ϵĻɡ
ͨĶˣͲֵǮˡ
ؽ磬ǰģһһٿƷʯңҶĵ˽ħʮĻܣʮ񰡡
ǸĿͿΪҶɱЩߣʵʯˡ
ȻϵĻ˧޳
ޣûʲôҶ涯ݵĶų̨֣µļͷӰȴҶüͷ΢΢һ
ˣҲɵˣ
䣬ǼͷûҶţȥʲô̸ʲôҪκ©


1516 ۵
Ϊ񡢻֮ǰٵ½ʹ̵ԭҶһֱǳļɵ
֮һʥ칩񣬵λĸߡ
ҪģڵҶĳЩ֮ʱͻ᱾ܵԸϢҶޱȵĽ
ǿ֯Ǵܵ۹ҲҪɫҶ治òСġ
ҪԸĵˣõİ취˽ĵˣҵԸķ
ȻҶ沢ûнɼУйȴҶ˽ࡣ
ԣһǼͷɵҶ͡йעǡ
ҶԸ̻ϱĿ
Ͽգִ䭿һĻǿЦ
ұ֤ĿǰõɵһҲΨһһڵ֮󣬾Ǯ
û취˶ѺʤǮһ׬ʮٿƷʯǼܲס˶డ
ҵһս׬㹻ࡣ
Ȼ־ԭ֪ġ
Ҫǵֶ̫Щаס𡢵ش⼸ȫպյͨ
һλǿжЩˣ˵һλͨ񾳶صˡ
̨޵ߣȵÿһ顪νµаɵĻꡣ
аֺֿݣֶͨνޱȶܣɵĻ꣬ƷԳ׺顣
ϱߣŵߣҲ÷
ҪǣͻȻ֣ޣѹǵ
ʮ﷽ԲĿռһվõĿռݿҲǧףһ⡣
ߵж޶Χڣϣͳ˵Ļӡ
̫ʺаɵĻ귢ˣҶվԭأ͸̨һ㣬ͿԺս޴
ЩսĶ֮УһⷽƿҪǻ֮⣬䭵۹˭ʤ˭Ҫʺˡ
Ҳԭ޵ȴ
û취Ҷ̫ˣ
شһߵٶȶҪܵӰ죬а֮һ䣬ֱǾ䡣
ͬʱҶְԵһкɱַҲսԵĳսû취ʵȥ
ǰԸԵĸĥʵˣɸȥһ
Ҷսپķʽɵһ֣ԭϢһӣָܻĲִ࣬սûˡ
ֱӵҶޣȻûһȥս䭼ֱš
ԭþͻὫԸľӢɳȥʰ˳׬һʯ
ڣ˭ûհ
кüӢ󱲣սܽǿߵʵǣȴûһаҶа׺ĺ֧
ǣеĿ˷ϣһλȥǼһʯ
ǣ죬ֻܿš
ˣҲûһ;뿪
ս˾ʾͲˬˡ
˵ĿⶢҶͬʱ̨һȺУһİСЩ͵ߣѹһ˷ܣȺһ߻ر
ǸվȺУܱߴӵżλӣɢĪƣøߣÿһСȦ
ϣǸЩ˶սʱ¼Ӱĵ˫ֹķһ
˸̨սе㱾¡ƲĽһŽӹɲǣϵͿʼ仯
аף𡢵شӰľϵ񰡣񰡣жǽһصѲ񽫣ˣҶıأҲһλһصѲ񽫡
٣ʵİʧ֮󣬾ȻڱϷƤӵ¸УŪɫġ
Ϸеߣ֪ҪãСӵʵ˵ܹŪ
˵϶ظһ˿ЦȻϷˣͱù
ǣȻ˵ȴûаߡ
£СӣҲڽ֮ºᣬϣ¾ͳֵ֣һλɷ߹
ȻСӵ٣Ǿͺúõļһ¹ɲܳһ˿һ©
˵꣬ɽߵıͿͷĿϷҪһЩ¡
һ䣬ֳͷĿ£͵ɣиˮλڵ㡣
ĵͷĿϲ
ϧǣ͡䶯ͣȫ׷һͷ٣ߵĽ̸Ȼעⲻˡ


1517 ̫
ò˵ɽ䭽ֵص޳ֵУĵһ޳
Ƕɹһ졢һĺ磬֮
ʱ䣬ģʱһ䭾ͺûĳ˸׼ȥһΡ
¹شһǴļλ״ֵصģÿֵ꣬Ѿֵʮһ¶ˡ
аµʱ䣬ɵһһȵľĴٿһڵֵͽˣһֵֵޣǶʮ֮ˣԺңˡ
һ⣬Ҳڴʱ䭵С
շѶǺϡƽ飬䭿һ۷Ѷͱ˼֣æ˴ȥ
ѶõĴҲܼ򵥣Ҫټ
Ҫ֪£õĴҲ䭵ʦ𽻴䭰£һѶѣʽ
ֺΣӲ˵ν飬ܺҪ
μʦ𡣡ϵ˴֮䭹ޱȵʺã֪ʦٵǰкҪ½
£ƮһƳĴû˵ǽһ򽻸䭣ͬʱ괫¹ش֪֪Ըκˣ󼴻١
ô˷Ը䭵ޱأڴڶ괫¼Ҫ̶ȣֱ͡һ䭵ٴαޱȵĹŹ֡
ʦ⡭ͽеţʲôʦʾ£һͷˮ괫ʵ
ͰԣʲôȻԵˣ֪Ӧôˡ˵
Եˡ
⻰䭾һһģôô͸
ʦԸ˵ҲܶʣֻܽĪĲ£ʦ潫Ƿۡ
ˣʦҽ쿴޿ˣˣʵ
ˣѾΪʦˣסǼ£ֶһ䡣
ֱ߳˴䭻ЩףǼȥϡͿ飬ôʦأ
ʵ䭲ףʦҲ⵱е
ʦΪ̫֮ÿһοָ㣬ҪôĺôҪöɹһΣ֮ǰζһᷢʲôأߺ󣬴һɻ
ʵϣ䭵һֽҲ⣬̫ϣ̫ͻȻ䴫ͣŵģҲ֪

ӣǼͷɵתһȦȥ˼̻֮󣬾ȥɵϵıˡ
һдļһӴһˣǸͷĹͷ˵Ƿɽ֮ɽױ飬˵һѿ׻
Ǹ𿴹ֻ֮˵¹شҪʾ̫ϣ̫ϵѵһǵõָ̫ʾ֮ԻӦ
ص帣ӣ͡ͽһУԭԭתҶ档
ϧǣЩȴҶЩͷԡ
Ĺͷνķɽ֮ͣҲʥصͷĿֻɽɽˡ
˵ģǷ⼸֣֮;Բ򵥡
ϧǣҶȴ֪ݡ
ƾЩҶֻ֮ܿйϵǺֹϵͲˡ
ĿǰÿԲǵˡ
Ψһһջ񣬾̫ˣ
ãȻһ𶼳Ϊ̫ϵĴڡ
üλĵӣ䭡ʯˣ㶼ǽ۷ΪڵĹؿϡ
ôԴƶϣõļλ¶ǵˡ
Ҳֻкüλڣס˴һƬҵķǿ졣
Ҷ汾Ϊõˣû뵽ûһλ̫ϡ
λ̫ϣʲôΪ
ӣˡҶ淢͡һȻתӭլԺſڡ
Ϣ֮󣬴͡ŹֵĻӣ׼ȷ˵λɫ۵İӣ˽
ǸӣصϢ⺧ˣֱӽ产ɫ԰ޱȡ
Ҷĸܣȴȫһ
ҶܵģӴĺϢ
Ժڣ߽䶾һ㣬һۣܹ˻䡣
ݴеľͷѾ̽Դ׹䣬Сèڵ·ỺĻӶ·Խء
Ժһǧ̣ͻȻ罣һվ𣬰ޱȵϢ糱ˮһӿ˷
Ҷ߶˻ܵʱͷİӣͻȻͿˡ
Ǳ־ԵĹѼɤҶΪ֮һ


1518 Ŷ
Ʒ´̫ãҹӡͷİ߹ѼɤһټһҶ֪ǰ⼸λ̫ࡣ
Դ̫ܵࡣ
ֻǣҶЩףԶڱɵ̫ܵôˣ
˵ŸҶ񣬵ΪõĴֻ̫࣬ǳҶңңĹ˹֣ѹûм˼һư
ͬʱλ̤Ժŵ̫ͬʱһ˦ֵɫ¶ܵɫۡ
Ǵ̫ؿ׵ĴȥĺˣſڵĴ͡ͱһĻһ
ܣڴ͡ĺ˵ʵһɾסңɼĵط
Ǹ۹ޱȵǿޱȵĸģޱȵǸ۹ޱȵİݣǸ۹˸ǣԶ
ñ촽΢΢һ͡ķӦЩ߰£ֻҪ˲ģ
ǣҶ桢ҲǸŮ˵ķӦܲˬˡ
ǸŮ˻ԣһޱģǸ񣬷һڿɵƵģøеһĪ衣
ݣȻסǰһ
ֻ˵̫ĸԣʵ̫ˡ
ȻܴҶ񣬾͸Ҷ뷨
ûҶ淽žڿɵڱݡ
һССƷ̫࣬ҲҶǰβͣ
ԴҶ֮󣬼̫࣬Ƿǰ㳯ҶҲԳūڳƾү
Ȼ㳯ǸһҪǷҪʰҶ棬ҶԼڶ̫
ǳǸλݡ
ǰãƾ޴ľٶҶ֪ĸȵСආϰݰ׵ɵʡ
̫ࣿǸʶͿͣҶ治ͷĻ˻֣ǧ̾һ˪һ̤ȵ룡
һС̫࣬Ը£ҲԲʲô¡
ԣҶѹԸ⼸ǿҶǶԸ⡣
ԣ۵Ĵ̫ɫȴһ䣬һĵҹӣ㻹ۼһԵĺãֻкôûл
ԲûȤҶٴθһӡ
ҪǵҹӶۼ˵ûȤôҼүԶһȤġ˹˵
Ҷһвң
ۼвҹӣֻҹӸۼһ̸һ̸Ļᣬң̸飬ҹӵĶҲмֹϵƤЦⲻЦĹ˹֡
Ҷ˼һ£˸ơ
ȻǶͣεᵽȻǶҶҲ˹ġ
ۼ£һɾ䣬ˮȻҹ̸ۼҾֱӿˡ˾ңִ̫һöȥƷ಻ػ磬ֱӿˡ
Ҽӿҹ䣬뽫ҹյЧôǾٲ˵ҹӵġ
һͿԻõĶξѫλξʮ֮ڣξĶͣ¹ͻߴ֮ͣһУʮʮŪ˧֮λҲûܣֻҪ¹͡
֮⣬Сÿ궼иָõĵرʯȻ鵤Ҳٲ˵ġ
һƷ鵤ٲ˵ġ
֮⣬ȨơŮˣֻҪҪʣҲֻۼүһ仰顣ȴԽ˵Խ⣬˵ԸԵõЦ·үȨƽ
ˣҹӲ½ߣȴ֪Ҵѫλ֮ͨߣҪУһѫλûĴƴǲܵġ
ڽһѫλ
ŵȥǴ͡һģҶУȫǹʺ
Ȳ˵ҶԸԸ⣬ôҶЧҶҲ̫СҶˡ
ݼ룬Ĵ½ûõҶпܣֻҲƲϡ
ôҹӿɷԸ⣿ٴδߵ
Ҷ治ÿɷЦЦЩʵ֪үһλЧ֪ܵ˭ɣ
ң
ԣñ촽ٴһһ˿Ȼ֣Ҽү䣬ܹ֪ġ
Ҽүݣȴ͸¶һ
Ҽүռһһѵļ壬ÿ궼ʥʥүף
Ҫٲף˵ÿܹʥģֻл嵱ܹ룡
Æ£ҶѾףõıӣʲôˡ
ӣ
ʥʼ¡׶ӣзŵĻʺĶӡ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶԺо֡գ


1519 ٸһ
飬Ҷ沢İһΡ
ΪԲ֪鵽жิӶΣա
֮ǰҶ½ʱˮ۹ҲʹܰݴСĹңһ¶գһȭͷҶڵ֧λ
ںˮ۹ܵ۹ڵֱ򱶲ֹƲ˵ӿ
Ҷ֪ľͷͰ˴⼸ңһңʲôܹġ
˵Щ۱ͷ⽮ҲٲòС
ÿڣҶ֪һ˵һﱳĻȥʲôġڻң
ʱԷڻң
Ҷ滯Ҳɵϳ˵ͷʾ˳ǿսҶȥֻпǸɴɱɱĻơ
ɴɱɱĻƵˣڶⳡսУûмֵġ
һϣҶ;ԲӦ
ɿأĳĿǰһδΪЧ뷨Ҷԥľܾˡ
õ͵һȴǱøҹӣҪˣۼҽҲǿҹӡ
ǵҹӲ̧٣ߣ
õжرһ׹⣬ǶУ͵ŹŰɣ
һɲǣõƤЦⲻЦĶһ£ȻǵҹԸ⣬Ҽүµ̴ͣңĶ׬ġ
֮Ҫǲʶ࣬ҼүڣֻҪۼһڣǶо͵űɷɣ
̫ͬڳ˵ˣҶ汾ܺŪȥͺŪȥû뵽˾ȻǱֱвҶ档
ǸҪ
ûӵĻʲôȻвңҪöбɷ棬ԣбԡ
㰤ĵһûӵĻŲٸһûӵ̫඼ɣҶŭ
㡭㡭
ûҶ浱ʹԼһһǱҶһ˵
ϸӹҶָŴŭٲŲھٸһ
ƾ㣡
һڶ˰죬ŽǸϸĹѼɤӼƾһССͨ񾳵ļһȻ˵ۼҡ
ţۼҪǲŪ㡭
ǧ̣Ϳͣ
Ҷ滰ɲǣһǴɫĻޣûС̫˳ȥ
鶸һӿһڹ⻪䣬żɭϢİϢش
ǧ̵ɫУֻǻ˼£Ƴͬʱһɫ޳òҽе̫ࡣ
Сӣۼҵţɭޱȷ·оһҶͥԺ
ǧҪ׷ȴҶĿסҶĿͿ˴͡
飬ҶڣǾԲġ
ҶĿǰ壬ҪǲϽܵ۹֮УǱƬ֪ô¡
ԣܾǱȻġ
ڴܣҶ̫ܶѲ˾Ѳڶ·Ѳʹְλ֪֪̫ǳǳ𣬴ǳСۣųֱ˵ġ
һ֣ͺ¡
ԣҶ̫̬ȣܲͲ˺Ƥƾ׶һˡ
û뵽þȻֱвҶ档
Ǿֻˡ
ȻҶԲֻͼһʱʹ֮ˣſŭ̫ʱҶѾ˶ơ
ҶĶпڱ֮УܱˮһǻӣҲ޷ݻ٣ȴ޸
ڵǿ߹ȥǾҪˡ
ԣҶ˴㣬̫෢𱨸Ϊǿʰ
֮󣬴͡˫ĿˣǸ̫ȥ˵ӵͼϿӦλá
Ժ˲࣬ҷֵģһʮˡ
͡ţǸӵլԺڵ˵һһУȫ˵˳
Ҷû˵ֻţŴ㱨Ϣ
ȻǻѾ˺ƤˣҶûڡ
ֻǣǸþסլԺԺ֣ҶҪһ㡣
νҹζ࣬ҶɲÿʼűˣŶ֡
ʱչҶϢھһӰȻ˵صף֮ҶͳþסǸԺ
һɽռظߴǧ׷ԲĴլӣߵ˲࣬һֻʮˣһɫȫ̫ࡣ
ûһΪ̫ࡣ
ʱֵҹȻԺһС͵ĻԺסֻһϢߴ
ʣµľ˵УǸ̫õľſڣԺڣ˷ֱԺڵλýҪ
ʣµˣһǱݶһǱӰ֮УһȴҶϰɢУĹ۲ڽʱŷġ
һˣÿռ֮ͨС
һб䣬ǰ˸˻ֲ֣ھŸе̫࣬ͻһ
ò˵湻ܵġ
ҲҶݣҪȻһǱǱҲһʱᱻ
Ҷ沢ûмų֣ڵȻᡣ
õľڣòû˯£ϥŵ겨
ӦǰӲ˽ǧһɫޣܴء
Ҷģûмڳ֣ĵڵصǱţȴŻᡣ
ǧ̵һɫޣɵƲأ̷һŵҩʱ֮þʹ˺˯£ޱ΢
Ҷ㹻ģֵ˽һӣȻóѾ׼õһƿָЫһһĨľͨĹϡ
ȻҶٶȣ߶żݴӵɲǣϢʱ䡣
û취ԸһλصߣɵֹֽƻصĵطҶͱҲַֻ
ҪǳɵҶӲӲƵõ֮£Ҳܹʰá
ϧɵϣҶֻ嵽ʮϢʱ䣬ʮϢ
ʱ䣬õʰҶ棬ɵѲͻʰҶ档
Ϊŵ˯ãҶѹҴ߶ֻһƸŵˮǼöݻţݼϻ˸ָЫҺĹ⡣
һĻҶͷһͷλȥˮlӦýָЫоĲ˰ɣӦû÷˰ɣ
ָЫȻʹʱȴоԣҶУֻǴԭĶҺѹûơ
Ҷ潻һִͬĴ½ˮlĵһ񣬾оָЫ÷ָЫ
һӣҶһӵʱ䣬ŽʵõĴϡ
Ǹ̫õƤģֻһ֮ң
ͬʱҶһ͵ؼ٣Ĵã


1520 
ĨָЫҺĹĴõʱõؿڣͻһë׵Դ
ϸС˫Ŀ׹һ͵ضһ£з౵ļ
·Ӧһ㣬Ǹë׵Դֵɲǣڴ˯̫ã΢΢һ𣬾ƽߣܹ˹ݵĴ̻
ҲͬһɲǣһѪɫӰشӵصѪɫĵʱؼըֿѪɫµɲǣ䷿ݾͱѪɫĵ롣
ħ壿
͵۾ãͫ͵һһƾճ֣ɢ⣬ɨҶħ˧ƷѪӰ
ϢģҶӰһڣһ죬а׾ͺȫӦħ˧һá
ħ˧ֻ۷ΪһƷǽкڵǿߣҲС
аһõĿⶸرޱȵ
ԭҶ濴а׺ȥÿ϶ҪĵȻ󣬾ͻĿ֮ڡ
ҶȻɱã;ԲָЫ
ҶϵǣſѪӰҶаףþȻЦһֻƣȻֱͦͦӭȥ
ѪӰа׽ҪϵɲǣٴЦһɱۼңǻ񣡡
ЦУõֻƾȻƾըȴûѪɫΣǱһȦһȦޱȵ̺ޱȿֲɫơ
ɫ˼ȻֱӽҶа׵£ħ˧µѪɫޱȡ
ǣõ˫һΣոձ˫ƣȻ³֡
̫ŶħԪ鰢ľҶ鸮
һɲǵĽ֣ѾլԺڵʮ̫ྪѡ
ҶĽͨӦУʮ̫࣬Ѿһɱ˹
˫ַһչͻȻһɢ˷˲Ϣ䣬Բ֮ھɻ𺣡
ͬʱʮߵģһĳµĻ֮С
ЩԴ̫ܵڴ֮УȼɭϣǵͷĿҲ̫ñɱЩˣһˡ
ǻˣᱻ壬Żܲĳ
µĻ𺣣ûкʹ˵еô
Ʒףɵĵסʴ
ǣϲһеһ̫͵һ䣬ͱޱȵľ֡
ͿԲʮ֮ڵͻȻ˴һ㣬ɿһööĻйȥ
ıͣʮص̫࣬Ѿ˻ҽ
ͬʱǵһ̫һɲǵʱ䴳֮еʮ̫࣬׷ײҽŻ˻ҽ
Ʒ˷͵ɻȥ龰͸Ĳࡣ
ңֹģĿƣСȫġ
ǿǿܸʮ׷Χȫɻȥ
صʵֻҪҶһڸĻͻ޾ĺȥ
ǵĻ˧йش߶һط
˵ǵ幥ļ£ôǾȺķˡ
£ɵĻ򣬺һֵĸʲߣٿţǶԷСķ֮£һŶܹš
Ļ˧֮еĻȴһ
ȳɻ𺣣ֻҪ𺣣˻𺣣ܱܹ
ǿֲӳˡ
˵غ󹥵طڵĻ˧УǷԡԵĹط
õĻ˧ĻֻҪܹάסǣΪһ󾳽ĴڣҲӲ
꣬ǵǿߣҲһϳԹϿ
ϧǣǳ˽Բ֮⣬һȱ̫
Ƕ˫ġ
Ĺ򣬲ϢĹҶڵѾˣʱĴ߶鸮ת
ȻҶһɲǼɵʮĸйϵά𺣣άָһӣûġ
˵Ҳʮ̫ືηĳ˻֮УҶ˳ƷӳطҪ߹𺣣ҶҲûΡ
⾪˵սѹʲô
ҲҶ̿һɲǣжϰٵ⣬ɵѲ
ǵٶȣϵҲһգϢĹҶ֪ʱ䲻ˡ
ɲǣҶħ˧Ѿսһˣϰǰ˵̫ŶħеǱƷƾһѹԵΪϢʱ䣬ȻƵҶħ˧ˡ
ԥģҶֱ־ꡣ
ҶƺЩɵûӲӣǼʩչǰǸ̫Ŷħͨ˫һӲĵҶꡣ
һΣһ԰۵˫ٴƾճ֡
Ҷ淽ŵаף꣬ٱˣҲµϮɱǵˡ
֣Сӣ֣һͨ񾳵飬Ȼɱۼң죬ۼǸбɷ棡Ц
ûǸģҶͻȻޱȵһЦ
Ҳһɲǣһֱ߶ƷѪӰսħ˧˫ĿͻһһѪɫӣؾ̫һĿѪʹħ˧ɢ俪
Ǵӳ̫ɢ俪һ㣬ǿֻҪؼ䣬ͻܵ䡣
ħ˧еѪɫ⻪·һ㶸䵽ϡ
αܵһΣûбܿѪɫ⻪
ܹģѪɫ⻪¶ˮֽһ㣬Ȼõڡ
󾪾
ͷ·һ㣬͵شһս
ǰŭУ֡־塢š㸺Ȼַ
õ־嵽˼¡
ߣ£ô־ֻЩأ
ǣǲĿ־壬˫˫֣ʼƲסĲˡ
£ķӦ˻߳һߡ
ҶһаȥҪˣֻƲӭ˳
ûа׵׹ʹйȥ
ʱþŵ鴤
ϢģǰñܹݣҲᣬɿϱҶһа׺ϡ
ȻһѪ߳ɲǡ
ħ˧Ѫɫͷ·һѪɫһ㣬õźն¡
ô󺧣ѵƣٴӲһ
߶ɲǣͻȻޱȵľ֣ͷ·˹һ㡣
ȷűħ˧츳ͨлҪֲ

Ȼ᲻һ˿һ
ԸӦ޷߶
ޱȵĿУѪɫһͽ롣
ΨΩФԪ飬ͬһʱų
յҵģɱңõԪŭ
ɱΣⲻ𣿡۾һԥģҶһа׾Ͷ˹ȥ


1521 
аף֮ɱѾԪˣһаҷǾǡ
Ҷûյ飬һа׺ȥ֮ͷ׹˸˲Ϣ۳һаס
ɵѲߵԽԽ죬ԽԽ
ʱ㹻ˡ
ǣҲڵһа׿öݳԪһɲǣõԪģͻһļޱȵĺϢ
һɲǼ䣬Ϣͳؼ䡣
ͬʱɵĵص״УϥӰͬʱ˫ۣʵʵ⡣
ţе
ڴͬʱɵǱ޵ߣǵƾճֵĺϢˣжˡ
ֻҪеʶĽǿߣԺͬʱһͷ
еĴڳˣ
оѵĴ΢һޱȵĺϢͬʱգӭǵƾճֵĺϢ
ηѼ١
ո𣬾ͻأĸȻ·һ㡣
У˷Ԫ·𱻺ڶǣһ㣬һıԪ֮еǵϢɡ
ǺϢУҶа׷ĹһͻȻͱ΢ޱȣؼһн㣬ǵϢ֮ϡ
ţҶайǱϢסԪϵʱ򣬾ͷ·һˮ˴һ㣬˻ûƾʧˡ
ڴͬʱǺϢĲٴһ䣬նؾҵĲ
ţյҵģţۼһŹ㡭ԹޱȵϢɲǣҵղУõԪǵϢʧԭء
ҶһôҲû뵽õԪ飬ȻһϢػ
һɲǣҶ͹ֽһһͶ˵صס
˷˹ϰλɵѲŶʮϵĽϢ׷߳еҶħ˧
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ɵ£ɵѲǣЩǱһӻ
ǰ£ʹֶΣ˸ղ˵ɵô¶ˡ
ǰַͬӵɽֶΣֽǸˣһȻûʲô£ǣǱЩ˵֣ɵĺԻӰɵĳš
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ɾһɲǣѪħ壬ͻȻͷһۣǸһ˿ޱȵЦݵɲǣ˾ƾɢ
ѪɢС
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쿴صף˵صסһλǿĽǿ߷֣һѪϢ˵صס
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ǣƾǵĵص׶٣ô׷ϾͨݵҶ档
͸Ӿһ㣬ʽõٴٶҲǱȲϵӾ
һ֮һ˼ǱĴӵصŴ
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λ
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լԺ֮ǰһ߳ھסģ϶סʮˡ
ǻ˵ʵݣӦ̫࣡һһλصǿߡ
ϢһĻرλȴڷŲͥʱʱǸ￴ĿӦһ¡
Ҷڣͻ֣ᷢǼλͣĵطȫͣĵطĹƿĵط
ǵͬ
ãȿڣӦһλԪõĵͬ͸ػߡ
ǣʮ˰ʮ˵һȫ𣡡
ᵽϢ
ߣϷ򻹿аף

λһڣ˵ĿͱЩŹ֣ʵǣаסɵȵĻ⣬벻֪С
ˣʰһ£̼ؽ˴飬Ϊֹһ仰λʧ
ʣֻҪԴ⣬ʮа˾ѾϵҶ桢Ҳϡ
һ㣬Ҷϵˡ
£Ͽܡ
Σǰɽ˵ɵϵĹأǸ棬ĵ̫
ƾĶۣ£ҶĲ
Ψһ⣬ǵŵǿߵĺϢͻأ֣ɵǿ߶ˡ
ӶµӰеǽҹΨһı
ԣתլԺ֮ҶһʱɵЩͷͷԵ
ЩһӰ̫ҪʰҶ棬ôҶԻڵһʱ·
£ʮа˾ţǵΪɵĵص״ڣλڵţĵӣҲ̫˰ɣ
Ȳжȿսɡͨ񾳶صΪһ֪Ūħ۷ĸ֣ȫԷʮˣ
һλصǿʮλкڵѵصߣ
룬СӣҲ̫̬˵ɣҲͨ񾳣ҪΪǿõˣ
ڵǣҪҪʰСӣȶɵأ
ɵģҪȶʰСӣޣҪȻ󲨣ң̫Ǳߡ

λ̸͡һҹҲû͵
Ҳ֪λʲôķӣȻס˴츳ͨ
ԣʹ߶츳ͨɵѲСҹЩѲǳԿԵһʱʾ
ֵҶ棬תңȴһصĿ
жҶ氵Σħ˧Ļħһ츳ͨóˣɹ⡣
ǣԪмӳֵĵϢ
˵ñλӣеĴ֧֡
Ȼⲻϡ棬ҪûĴ֧֣յͷľǷˡ
ҪǣõԪ飬ȻǵϢİ¡
ˡ
궼ܹ˵Ԫˡ
Ԫḽӵķ㣬ʧС
֮ò˶ãܹˡ
һˣҶ鷳ˡ
̫رָԣᱨҶĶУؼͿǺʱԺַʽˡ
ңõԪܹõǿϢػô˵ӦλӵĸһʼԲ
ָо̫ˡ
ֱӽҶɱóɹĻϲûˡ
һԪŻȥֱҶ桢ӦڶͷһС
ոģҶһΣȡСؽϵĸݡ


1522 ֵ
ĸݵڣ۶ԶֻҪһ֮ڣͿ˲ϢϵҴǳķ㡣
鷽㣬ĸݵĵرȴǷǳһΪĸݵ
ĸһǧ֮ݺĸݾͻΪ˥϶ֿʱ򣬲ɼֿĸݣƣͿԵõĸݡ
ĸֻͨĺûǿıҵûг׳󣬾ͱ޸ˣ˵ǧ꣬ǰĶǳ
£ֻƹһСǧܹ꣬ջʮԡ
һˮû⣬Ҷ滹ϴη²̫Ӱ̫֮Ӱѵ˼ĸݣⱦ⡣
ҶϵǱأѯһ±͵ڶѲʹͬʱ̽ţش̽һصϢ
һĸӸУһΪõ̫ࡣ
Ҷ£δѣǸ̫ˣѾ𣬲ñδĹϵΣĺá
Ժ˿ˣ֪Ϊʲô
ҶոջתѲ񽫷İٴ´ٴΰиС
ǿ֣ܻɱɱܻɱڻηɰ׵˳ߡ
ЩţҶٴһĸݣϵǴ羸ʥ
ĵܣײĸݣôϵ£Ǳ߿ɺãǳʲô飿ոսͨʥʳһ⡣
ǳһ⣬硣
ҪҪǹȥæ
ãһ鷳ܻвеİȫǱߵĳͨźûУҶʵ
ѾȫźˣȫõǱߴĶǣȫɿǿޣûоλʥ˵
ǾϾλ
ڣ̣ʥЩɻ
ԣڣ̣
Ҷе鷳ĵУгλϵĽǿߣǾͶҪˣٶȳеҪԱͺá
ڣҶѾĴ㣬ؼʱ̣һ־ĴĶС
ԴҶֻҪʵʱ䡢ˣҶͿٴδһ
ʥҶУ̬ĵܣˣ׳ͨԱһ֮ھλ⣬һǰתƶеһʽ𡢿ԱԷ㳷롣
ã
Ҫͽǣʥôһ䣬ҶӦһرĸݡ
ôֵˣѾҪĵı֤ˣҪʱһ仰͹ˡ
Ϣ֮ҶһĸϵηɰףЩûˣٲϼ䡣
ʦ㣬˵°ӽ޷ֵĸ֣ٶȴӺ׳ͨ뿪Ѿźˡ
֪ˡ
Ҫǿ峤ռӷİ㲻ģϳ룬Ҫκԥ
֪ҲҪСġ
ηɰױ֮ԣҶЩ⣬Ҷ汾Ϊ˵ηɰס
Ͼ°һƬҵ˭ġ
û뵽ηɰ׵ԸȻӦʹ졣
ֻ˵ŮģʵǹŹЩ
һУҶ泤һ
ȻѾе׼ҶģҲͳ׷ˡ
δ֮ǰЩᣬҪԿһλܵĻӣҶ滹ûǸ¡
ϣˮѾ׼ˡſڣǧ̵
ǧ̵ź£Ҷϴϣӭų̤լԺ죬Ѿ޵ĵˡ
ֻҪټ죬ҶͿԵõһɵȾĴ
СԭϣȫžĴˡ
ǳĴᣬɲǾģһһȵʹᣡ
ԵĲߣǿࡢʹᡣ
ģڸ޵·ϣҶյɽ䭵ķѶ
ҶЦЦ˷Ѷûлء
£˶óĲϣʧ˷ȡ
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Ҷûлأɽȴ϶Ҷһ䡣
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һĨɫ䭵һ
ʮˣôĶȴûһ㣬Ȼһ˿һƶûУʵ˾档
һһ㣬ִߺţϣ̨ܹޡ
Ҫޣ޳ʲô
ߺȣ߸ߴ޶СɽɽϾ¥ڣϯ¥ڣͣ
ҲôеˣȻų̂
ɱУһٺöҲûԸСЦǡ
ô˵޵ˣ
ĿǰǣҿӦʷӦܹõʷĵһʮҲɵһ
٣£ȥ
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һۣߴһϵһŮӣȴǲˣʲô޵ˣҲûг֣ǳ֣ͽɱ̨ˣ
£һŲˬЦҲǿۡ
Ϊ¥ƼߣӸ£ǡܹϵʢ
¥˵һ趼ҪһƷʯÿ춼ϯߺܶࡣ
һ߿ڣŲˬǣ˺壬ǸŮ
㴵ţƣȴɵ˰ɣ
ɵҲްɣ
ⴵţƣ˭ᣡϴλϼС壬С٩˵˯˴ܵһλأǹĶء

ǺŮӣһûٽһ֮£ֻķͨ죬޲óʮЩ߶ɾǳһ죬ҲЩߡ
ż֮һӾͷЩ߶
춼ùߣ
磬㿴ǡ֮£ŮŤͷһʹŭ
ǺŮĿƵĽˣεĿЦһȻž¥ڵһȭλãԼЩλ¡
һڣЩ߻ûףڼԵ޹ʵ˻ˣ˵ʲô򣬾һģ޹Ҳá
죡ܿģͬһԹӣλû˵
߻ЩãȻ˭ô
ɵޱΨһһ

ʱһЩݵߣʱ;ˡ
Ψһİ㻹˵жԸĿܡ
ֻǣΪͻƵ˽ûʸˡ
һʱ䣬ݾھ¥һС߳һһ߽ǰʺô𻰣ֻҪ˵仰ϲʢġ
Ϣȥ¥¥ľƿͣߵߣ׷׸ʺһ㣬һΨһһķɡ
¥¥Уֻпұߴһߣʢһû
ãޱȵΣеͻʵ޵Ȼ֮󣿾Ȼ˶߾η
ߵƵߵеʷʯΪ̵ҲǹΪ֪Ӣۺܡ
ޣӢۺܣ̨СӣҼܹ£ʵ
ƵĸҲûޣֻڵֵ֣
ãҲȥޣ͵Ӵڷ


1523 ֱ
ӴԾɲǣһŵǸŮӣһһ̻ιͺǰأصʱ򣬻һ֡
ʲôģСܹصʮޣȥǲŽ磡ŮӾǺСһȰ
ȴǲˣ͵˦Ůӵ֣ë֣ͲСˣСֵصʮޣȻҲܡ
ʮɱǸİҪˡ
˵꣬ʹޱһӣǩ״
ëȴżˣ޿ԣ״ɲܡ
û˵꣬ëһͣȴǸƵĸһѣһǵ񣬾ëס
ӣ㻹֪𣿡·һɤߣı£ֲǲ֪
ԭӥޣ
Ȼĺߺ˰ĺִʱˣΪսߵͣһ޵ģš
ԭӥսעλһӵעʱ䣡ִйµĺȵ
˷սǣò׵һߣǸ֣û뵽ȻһصߣʱЩʧ
ͷһ뷨Ӧһɱսɣ
ʧ֮࣬˷߾ͷ׷ӿɵٷĵڻǼĵĵڿʼע
Ȼûоʵսʯǲġ
дԣôһЩӵһ޿ʼһֱѹʤģڹٷעƷʯѾһ顣
ִԣ͸û˷ŹּǮĻˡ
ѺʤʤѺԭӥʤˣָ
һЩ˽˵ڣԭӥᵽһûѺ
˭Ѻ˭ɵ
ԭĳ׷Ⱥڡ
ǣոԾ̨ԭӥȴˣһĴ
仰ʱǵߣ׷ָԭӥЦŭⰡ
еģѺԸʤ
ĶһЦЩߣԭӥԾޣ޵ע̨־ĳһöָѺԭӥʤ
ڵƹʶӹöָһۣǴһ㽫ǴָݻԭӥԭӥĿ⣬ǿһ㣬ȻǱߵʯĿˡ
λǵڣһƷʯ
ô٣
ԭӥüͷһ壬ѺһƷʯȴעҲãתһ˽˶ĵƹ׷ע
ƹģ⵵ܹע٣ԭӥʵһҶĵ
Ҷǰտ˳̺ŵһսó̺ſƵҶĵ⼸ݵˡ
û취⼸ҶޣֻҪǿĵڣһֱǮǮǮǰˣѹûʲôǮˣ⼸ɴͲˡ
һƷʯǶĵƹԥһ£ڱһ֡
ԭû޵ģǰǼҶĵĲٿԭӥޱŵģͱôһ֡
ҾһƷʯѺԭӥʤһöָߣעǸëְյġ
ԭӥܱߵ߼˽˶ĵУÿעһƷʯ
ݴֱʣߣҲ˱뷨
߰ƷʯĿ߼˶ܹܲһóߣԲ򵥡
ң߰ƷʯעѺԸϣɼԸʵǶôš
ʱ˲һ뷨
˵ԭӥ˲õıأ
սʤĿأ
ҪҲ߰Ʒʯȥгأ
Ǻ˼ߡֻͶӣ׷ѺԭӥһעһĻԭӥԾޡ
Щĵƹȴˡ
߶Ѻǲܴȡô죬ӿˡ
̨ϣ˵ʵԭӥ̨޵ʱҶ滹ûô⣬ҲǼ顣
ǣԭӥüͷһµһ߰ƷʯʱҶѾֽ
һôʯģǷӾǶԸʵžԵš
ң˺ңĹõԲɡ
һƷӦûʲôɣ
Ҷ׼Уִ䭵ս
սɲǣһаĴҶԺɳԭӥҶ滹ֶΡ
ԭӥǣȴǸһ˿ЦһУƾһӥ
ӥ֮ǰԭӥΣͶشԭʧ
һ΢΢Ŀռ䲨һţȫ߶ŽͨҶ͵ػͷһɲǼ䣬ԭӥѾҶһɫ齣ԭӥ
һĻùսǸһ
ҶĿȴɫ齣ϣͫ׶һͱޱȡ
鱦һʦӦȻǱɫ齣ûзһ鱦
ԭӥǸһŻȵЦݣǰɫ齣УӿµƣɲǼֻϰټɫ޽
ˢˢˢ
ƿļ쳹ϰٵɫ޽·һҶ档
ͬһɲǣӿµƵɫ齣սǷ׷׾鱦
ԭӥȻһ鱦
ϷִҲһ䡣
ɵպͨһ߹Եĺ鱦ˣ롣


1524 
δǽѾ̵죬ҶǴɵףѾǽһȦȦ
ҶѾǼƷ׳״߶ˣ׹׹һУҶξһԭд˳ȥ
֪ˣУԭӥǸֳһ˿ȻЦ⣬Ǹˣǣӵõ𣿡
ָһƴһϰٵӰεĳҶ
鱦ڤɽУɲʲô˶ܱܿġ
ոʩչݳǧ׵Ҷ棬ֻıɭÿҲ֪Ǻ鱦Ľˡ
Ҷ棬ҲҸ鱦Ӳ
ٴҶٴζݳͬʱһϰɫֳҶ
̨׷ɱ
ǵһΣҶһǱ
ǱҲû취
鱦޴ֽĺ鱦ǹޱȵǿϣͬΪʱƷ֮£ȫǱնв˵
ͬΪ£ƷķԳһ¡
ǣҶԭӥΪѹͲͬȼġ
ͨ񾳶أԶˡ
ҶҪǸӲӲҶСɵĺ壬Ҳһбն
£ҶЩ֮ǰһа׺û鴤ǵڸоˡ
ֱǱŰ
Ҷ죬׷Ҷƨɺߵڤɽ죬ϰٵڤɽĽӰһν׷Ҷ޴ӡ
ֵȻû˵ֵԭӥԵõЦøʮҲǴһ˰ɣ
ЦţԭӥϵЦͻһͣʧˣ
һ׷ɱĵȻʧˡ
һˮйһй˷֮зĲ
ȻԭӥһطѰҸոƾʧĵӰ
ԭӥٴһ㣬Ȼûҵ
һ˼ζ˵ص׵Ҷ棬˼
ţһ㱻СӵնɱˣΣҶʩչݣǶˮ֮Уת˵صףŻһ
ⱦʱ̣ҶζԸԭӥķ
һķȻãֻҪҶҳȥᱻڤɽ⽬
£Ҷųħ˧ֵһ֮󣬾ͿսʤСӡ
Ȳ˵ħ˧㲻㷸棬ħ˧ҶǾԲڴ֮ͥġ
ǣִڣʱֻʧˣȴ֪ô¡
ǰһֱü۵ĸʱȴͶһƳûκεĵġ
̨µǣȴ׷ЩѺԭӥʤߣһ˷ܣѺʤߣһľġ
һΣˣ
˶к鱦ʵ̫ˣҿͨԭӥҲ
Сӣ˵˭ӮԶһսĻζ
׼ƴˣǱ鱦Ľʵֲ̫ˣҵģܴ󡣡
أ
˵ռƣǣȴԲСƵ֮ǰδսһβǵȡʤ쿴
󾪺֮ʣ̨ʡ
޻Ҷ̨ϴ𣬼һգ۵Ĺ޾ͱһƬɫĺһ˸ߵĸҶ
룬Ҷ·ħһ㣬ڵͿеԭӥ
СҲСүǰ԰ڣԭӥһߣָһΣϰٵڤɽɫһȦƮɫĻ
ԭӥܷԲڵҶȫʳ˷顣
ţ
ҲһɲǣԭӥĿһ͵ؿǣֲĻϢشǸڶһĻ⣬ؼХź
ս߶ϵãҶɱС꣡
ǣֵʱнǶȶ̫ˡ
ҶģٽҶڻжݳߵ뷨ȻûóɱС
ͷ֡գ
̫գ
֮ǰбеߣΪػǾ۷壬һģȫش
ɱģкü
ʱѺԭӥʤǣְ
ѪҪˣ
ǣϵԭӥоȻûκεľţûд߶ĺ鱦ڤɽȥǿֵһ¡
ֱһڤɽϰٵ˲ĵط
̨£ëֿһԵĸƵɵͷǱ͹ˮǹûκα飬ûκεĵı顣
飡
ݺݵײԭӥؿڣⱬɲǣ˱Ϊԭӥ˭Ҳû뵽˸ˮµƴԭӥؿڶһҼͷ̾һͷӰ׸֡
֣ͷӰͬʱ׳˻˸žµƵˮ⡣
ȱǸ޵ػսǶܹоͷӰˮ̺⡣
ɲǼ䣬Ҷɵ걬Ļ⣬ͱ˴룬˸һ£ɢС
ܳҶȻ֮󣬹սǣȴĿɿڴľ鱦һ鱦
ͬʱϿֵصĺִҲǳԾѣССͣӵһһ鱦·ܵĺˣ


1525 Ҷɱ
Ըö޴걻ԭӥǼ鱦սɵ£Ҷͷ˲ϢһС
һܹƨ޳׷ɱڤɽϻһܹɵҶļǿսһһ鱦Ҷô죿
Ϊ൱Ҷ滹ƴƴΪɶԷأҶͨ񾳶أΪôƴ
ԷĳʵûƴҶԸեˣ
£ҶǷųħ˧»ʤĻҲã
ȻҲûлʤĻᣬҶʩչСлԪף޷ɱԭӥǽȴûκ⡣
ǣĿǰΪֹҶԸҲǿд߶СлԪ׻ʲô״
һδ߶СлԪ׵ֱӺǳȡֲ̫СΪ˾ֱǿһ챾Դ»˯ڡ
ȻǸʱҶΪѾʮ౶࣬Ҷţٴδ߶СлԪף֮ǰǱҲԲɣʮа˾ŻԪˡ
̨ϣԪ˾ʹҶ֮·ս֮λϣʮеȾĴԵˡ
ֻµǼֶΣ½õս飬ܹҲʰԭӥսҪ׼ſûд߶
ҲãҶ⣬ͨǸֶΣǶսкڵߣֻɧãشꡣ
ͨ£Э꣬ţȻֶش
ڵǣҶһãȻаֻֻǺʣ˺ԭӥһжǰ״
Ǽ鱦ս壬ԭӥһһ޷Ƶڹһ㣬޴졣
ҶԲԷ֮ˡ
һϰٵڤɽ֮ǰͶ˵صף̨ϵڷ賤ҶΣϢĳ̨һ䡣
һΣҶֵǿꡣ
鱦Ҳ޵Уô֪
ԭӥͫһҶûķʽЩͷʹһţߣֶΣ˲ҵģ
¡¡
öսˮݺݵײһ𣬳ϵģһΣ𱬿Ļ⣬ȻѹսһͷԭӥֵսĹ⻪ԵĲԭӥе˰벽
ԭӥһ㣬ڵȻܹ˵ʵЩ⣬ͬʱ̨µĸ΢һ̧ۣоһš
ҶȴǿЦ
꣬ӦĿǰƴֶ֮⣬ҶǿĹ
ҶԷŵΣ꣬ӦÿԸԭӥ˺ǳ֮£ƿǼսĻᡣ
ǣʵ
ļҶĿǰʮҪ;ƿˣƴ
ݣ
ڤɽٴοڤɽ֮ǰҶٴʧ
һʱ䣬֮ս˽֮УڤɽļҶȴǸӵû
ʱʱĸԭӥһа׻꣬ĹսǷ׷׽кãԾѡ
ھʵǿֱֱգȫı£ƾŽչ¶ı£֮ǰ̨ϻܵ߼һ˵ҲʰҶ档
Ȼ⻰еˣͰ̸ۡ
Ҳֻġ
Ե֮ǰź鱦ͨ۸ˣڱ۸ǰɣ
ܽƵٶȣԭӥҲ˲õǿˡ
¾һĽǿߣҲܽƵ̶Ȱɣ
̨۷׷ף˻ϲǡ
Ͽյĺִ䭣ȴͷ󺹣Ѷǿߣһӹ޵ػ硣
̨ϵˣʵ̫̬ˣĹлٵػĸо
ǿֲĹĳ޵ػ磬ߵĹսҺһǿɾɵĳˡ
еֶ˵ֵС㣡ԭӥЩͷˣǶظһ˿ЦٶһͨҲֵ԰ˣ
һʱ͵ɴ۾ԭӥʲôͨ
һɲǣԭӥһӣһޱȵӥһһΣһԾɫС¡¡ľس֣·һ㵹Ͽա
гֵɲǣ޾Ǳйһһ㣬ҶڴҶǿֲеķ飬Ȼ¡¡ı֮С
֮絶֣˲ϢͽЩҶг΢
ɲǼ䣬̨øɾޱȡ
Ҷ淴Ӧոճֵ޽Ҷ棬ظоһһɰޱȵǿֲУȻҶֻסǿֲɫС
絶ҶܱתҶĻϲϡ
״еԭӥһЦ£ô㣡
ָһƴϿշ·ӥһƴĺ鱦ڤɽ΢΢һ𣬾ͻϰٵϢ˵Ľ⣬ݵƿҶ档
ʱսߣס˺
᲻ᱻࣿ
ԭӥҪʤˣ
Щˣִ䭿һĻҲס˺
ϾĴ̫Σˡ
ס޷ѣڤɽ£ǾǻӰ
˵Ķ
һɲǣݵƿУϰٵڤɽĽ⣬ͳ׵û˵
̨⣬˲Ϣðޱȣ̨ڲɫеķĺ¡¡ľκ
ûˣһ͵ɻʵ
Ӧǣ
ϾǺ鱦ޣҲпܵģ
죬úÿսûǿԭӥģ֪ûʤһŭ
ϣԭӥ촽ŭ֣һĿɨ˷ûзֵӰ
ŭˣ
һֵļһȻôãɱжû£ʵ̫ɶˣ
ԭӥģ̨µëֵͻؾͱû϶ˣˣ˵ô죡
֪ʱѾ̧ͷ۲ޣһ˫ǵ۾гһ죬Ī⣡
ͷ¶βĶŭԭӥŭ
һɲǣҶΣϢĳϿػĵطǸλãɫеӰСġ
һСɫеĵݣһ㣬Ҷͽˡ
Ҷγֵɲǣԭӥ˸Ӧ͵תɲǣӭģȴһɫĹ
⣡
ɫɵ⣡
˲Ϣ䣬ҶͺԭӥУԭӥļЦΪ깥С
û˵꣬ԭӥĻȻֹ鶸رޱȵĹ졣
̨µĸһĻ͵͵ֱо䡣
ͬһɲǣǹҶԺɳ


1526 ͨ
ҶԺɳǹ⣬շɳʱҹеǹһǰԭֻܿɳ
ɳһɲǼ䣬ǹͱޱȵ貣·һ㣬ֱʡ
ǹֵɲǣĴ½ĻգĪĲһ¡
һѼ⣬˲Ϣʹл۵ܹĻͻ֣ᷢһ⣬·ӵһ㣬עǹ֮С
һɲǣԭӥɴһ¶ģ·ĳ״̬
̨µëֽޱȡ
ΣֻҶ
һ⣬Ǵ⡣
⼸Ҷǧֲ֮̽
Ϊǧ̶Ҷ̬ȵĹϵֱǰ޽ɡ
Ҷֻһ䣬ǧ̾ͽٻͨ̽˳
ǧٻͨΪӣȾ֮һɫ⣬ңޱȵĸӣȱţҲҪັ귽
£Ǻġ
ǣҶа̥ڡ
ðĻ˵ٻͨҪν귽ͳͳҲ޷̺̫ıԴȡ
ҪȻǧҲ׵ı߶̫Ūݲˡ
£ֻ˺ٵһ̫̫ıԴûжãɴ귽ĵرٻͨš
ҲǸոŶѡ
һǿޱȵͨҶҪɣ̫֮Ǳһʱ䣬ѹܡ
ǣַͨҪɣֻҪţʱ򣬾ͿԷӳЧ
Ҷ淽źʱֻʶĴ߶ոŵٻͨһһ񣬸֮ϡ
Ҷ汾ⲢǿոŵٻͨˣҶĸӦУոպȥԭӥ鸮УһɫӭһתͽҶֱӺɢ
ҶѾ޷ˡ
ûпԭӥ鸮еɫ죬Ӧһ鱦
鱦
ǰֻ̤ǿߣûֺݣһЩǿߣҲû˺ðɣ
Ҷֻ˵
ԭӥ̫ˣ
Ҷ汾˾ʧˣֻܹעһһˣһвЧֻ˳ˡ
Ҷû뵽ǵٻͨ⣬ȴԭӥ鸮ɢ˲Ϣԭӥʧˡ
ԭӥ鸮к鱦ػҲǲС
鱦ǿҲ˴߶ܷٻͨȴǻ񣬲ûйԺ鱦Ҳ޷Զ
ֻãԻ
ϧǣҶٻͨţոŶѣ̫ٳ
һԭӥͶرһŭ𣬡Ҳꣿͷһʹⱬԭӥ񶸵رޱȵ
ԭӥ̧ͷɲǣͫ׾һĿޱȵǹ⣬ͷ̧ͷȥɲǣһɫ⻪һȥ
û⡣
к鱦ս㹥ʲô
һ㶼£
һɲǣԭӥɫͱˣ
һǣҵսӭȥ갧һǹսϵֻ˶ޱȵͷҡҡɢ
ԭӥ󾪣ڵ·йһ˽ȥɫ̫̫ˡ
һһԴϣֱһꡣ
һɲǣԭӥ鸮ڣȴǰ鱦Ĺ⻪ʼɿɢ
ʲôͨ
һһԭӥƾͨա
ԭӥɲǿ鱦ʤģϰļͨޱȡǶŵĿռͨӥݿգ
ҲһɲǣػԵҶָ΢΢һգʩչӥݿͨյԭӥͻظоһϾͷ·˰һ㣬ֽţĿռͨҲ޷ʩչ
ͬһɲǣʮɫԭӥ£
ԭӥ飬رޱȵľ֣
Сģ̨ϵëֶŭĿ͵ԾޣȥɲǣŸŭ𣬡϶㻹Ÿʲô뿴𣿡
һǶظһ˿ɷν˹ȥ
ݣ
⣬ολǿߣëǰ
ǿԴڵս䣬ǾԲܸ޾սǹأͷһǿߺȵ
һ£ëּޱȵ䣬ҴҼ䣡
ͬһɲǣԭӥĺ鱦һɫǵĺ£һݻԭӥڡ
ԭӥ˫ĿһѪ
ǻʮǿ£ۿžҪɱһɲǣԭӥҲǼˣ鱦ڤɽһ磬ֲĹⲨУһһǽʳƬ
ڤɽĹ⻪֮㱻ǺԭӥţٴԭӥѪ쭣ؿڴ˺˵Ĺͷѵ
ۿԭӥҪִ֧ǻһҶԺը죬ԭӥѾ䣬ְɣ
ͬһɲǣ˫һɽ͵Ӱ͵ǰ
΢΢һɫǹ⿪ʼɿɫǶƾʧ
Ҷ棬ȴһַ·δһĿ⣬ǰ̣


1527 ֮
ⶫܼ򵥣Ҷӱɵ½¥¥У֪ƺ
׾еĺɱͬߡ
Ϊһ㣬ҶĿǸһλת½շ¥ļλ¥ǽʣµļ̡
һ飬¥λ¥ÿһ顣
õ֮Ҷ׵ľͽˣǣҶʦ۹⣬Ȼֱ治̵Ʒס
ǳĹŹ֣ǻе
Ҷģ֮޷ֱƷףҪԭӦþǲȱġ
֮Ҷ½һ̵
Ӧ˵ҲûҶеǿϸ䷢ӳӦøһƷ࣬߶ʱĵȽ϶ࡣ
¥һ¥Ϊ߶Ĺ࣬ˡ
൱ƷҶ濴һȲĺ鱦׹ޣȲԣһֱûôá
ԭսԭӥҶҲ벻ģŹؼʱ̣Ҷȴ̵һԡ
Ǿһǹͻͬһ㣬һһ಻ƵʱҶҪˡ
Ҷģƾ಻Ĺԣ˵ƿԭӥ鱦սĿܡ
Ҫǣ߶ֻ̣ҶҶһ˿һĵҲΪɫԭ򣬲ࡣ
ԣҶͱɻҽ뷨˳һ̵ٲɣҶҪˡ
̨Ͽӵ鱦Ŀֲ̬Ҳʲôɳܵ顣
̵ĵһͳҶϡ
ǿȳϵǿԭӥǼ鱦ս˺ȻҶҶ껹Ҫǿһ֡
Ȼ겢ûκսǣǵĹһͻˮһϲ
ʮºȻһ鱦ķɢ˳ԭӥ
˵ʵսޱȵ𾪣ҶԸҲޱȵ𾪡
̵ʲôʱôֲˣ
⻹ǲȱģǴˣ
Ǻִ䭼ʱ赲Ҷ棬Ϊ̵𾪵Ҷ棬ѹͲ֡
˵̺ǻ˳ƸɵԭӥҲδ֪
ҶĸɵԭӥĿ̫ܹܲӵ鱦Ĵڣϻûбı
£Ҷ滹ˡ
Ҷʱעһԭӥ΢΢ָ֪ˡ
ŹһȦһ㣬ˡ
ԭӥıŵˣСʲôʱô
Ҷ룬ԭӥϵȷ鱦Ϊޱǿĺ鱦壬ŵԭӥûıֶΡ
ΪǸ鱦ĴڣԭӥԸһ¡ƾ鱦ԭӥǿߣƾ鱦ƾԭӥɵӥݿտռͨڵǿ߸ɵ֮ǰ룡
ң룬ܹƵ鱦ԭӥûʩչӥݿͨĻᣬôıֶΣʲôأ
£ԭӥ鱦⣬ûʲôı
ԣһɲǣʵǱŻˣλ̨ëֱʱ򣬶µ촽л⡣
£ûˣûˣëһۺޱȵˮشë𣬷ɿӿԭӥڣԭӥҵϢʼɿȶ
Ҷ棬̨µȴӺȻ
ëַ¶ۺޱȵǽ۷ǿߵϢ
۷ǿ߲ϡ棬෴Բ١
ǣһֵĽ۷ǿߣͷǳĺ
֣ǺŴ߶ĳƺλūԸߣū͡
߸һ۷֣ôǰΪԭӥߣʲôݣ
Ǵܵ۹Ļӣ߿Ž۷ǵǿߵĻԲһλ۷
еͷԵߣԭӥĿ⣬ò̫һ
Ҷ촽Ҳǽʵ˵ë֣鱦;ܹ˵ԭӥͬһݡ
û£ֻڸ鱦걾Դⲻ󡣡ֻһۣλ飬¶˼ɡ
ˣû£϶ëָһڣˮˣȻΪԭӥޱȵۡ
ӵĸεĿЦһ£ͷëһԾޣԾµɲǣͷҶһۡ
ɭĿ⣬ȻҶһͷһëȻĸо·ʲô˲õĺ޶һ㡣
ҶºȻ
Ҫ֪ɽ䭵Ŀ⣬Ҳû־㤡
䣬һǶһ٣ܲҳǵ΢ҶŴ͡´һ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷһȣ̧ͷ֮ʣȴɽһֹޱȵĿⶢҶ濴
·ʣ׻жʵû¶
ҶЦЦɽ䭹˹֣úҲлָ˹ʼԸıְ
ţȷʵǱҶֶξˡ
ΪҶ䣬û뵽ҶԭӥޱĹ³ôʱ䲻˵󻹳ϵʤˡ
ɽҶʤ⣬ǰһƬЩԭӥޱŵԸ߰Ʒʯ׷ĶѺԭӥʤߣʱ׷ʹԭӥ
ԭӥ⡢ڣ۸ֵͣŹͷʯ
ԭӥֵһŴģ鱦Ȼ䣬̣˵
£޼ɵЩȫ˱ëֱڻԭӥڣԭӥ飬ޱȣʮָĶ֪
һɲǣ͵ػͷЩáйŭǣɭޱȵĿһһĵ׷𷢺Ȼٲҿڡ
ȻЩһΪйʯŭáԭӥʵսΣҲֻҶˡ
˻ϲǣǮڣЩĵƹȴ׷ϲЦտ
ÿ׬һƷʯ࣬һʲСĽǰɣԲǰĿˡ
Ϣ⼸űյĳ̺ſƵļҶĵƹĶУǸǴض㣬ʧ㡣
һʧ
Ҷӵǿ鱦ͬʱӵǿͨԭӥܹˣôҪڣҪȿˡ
ԸӵеıͨԭӥΣ
ֱȽϵĽԶ
ԭڸսҶ߾Ƿë۽ǣԭӥһսˣٵûС
ԭӥһսֱ֮ĺбûκһ߸սҶ档
Ҷ޳ɹտޱ
ɵƫһͷڣëֱϥ˵ԭӥھ˹󣬻۾
ôˣԭӥһۣë־ȥ
ѾָһͿԳ׻ָ걾Դܵ𶯣Ҫʮҡ
ֻսɢҪָûǲܵġ˵ţԭӥ͵߬ȭͷû뵽ֵļһȻҲܽһˣ
ߣǸյҵģ̫ɶˡëһķߺޣģϣҾȥɵǸյҵģȻǸյҵ

ԭӥ֣˵ն֣ҪԱ
Ҫֽǵڽ£һѩ˳ܣ
˵ţԭӥĿ⿴һ͵ߣһܣͻȻ˸״˵Ŀġ
ӽ𣬾Ͱ״˵İ߰ɡ
ȴǴϲӢ
˺֮Ҫյҵսһ̨һսҲƽ


1528 ἰµһ
帣ڣ͡ԭӥԼëֵĻһ䲻ĸ˸Ҷ档
ߣһأģҶˣ󣬷Ц
ҶЩҶصˣʤڣҶɻĺúõġ
ԭӥһѣһƴɫ֣ѾֹһΣԭӥĵϸҶѾĲˣԭӥҶ滹治
ɵҶԭӥë֣ΪȻߴ۷壬ҶҲǲ塣
򲻹ûġ
ҶɵģʵǸһֱûô˵ĸǸȻûһֱûô¶ϢһƳþ˴СսҶͷƤ飬ԲǼ򵥽ɫ
ˣ㲻ùˣûµʱעһûԲ䱾ԴУ֪ͨҡҶ潻
ӦһģȻǲԭӥһ˵Ĺעġ
ˣǶȥϢɣһս棬ҪһҪ£Ҫҡ
Ҷոս꣬Сèͷ͸Եͺһ˳⣬סҶľҡ
ʵ˵ҶӦøлԭӥһսԭӥѾҶĳֶεǱȫ˳Ҷࡣ
ľͨȫ߶֮£Ҷµᡣ
ľͨɲͬĹ⹦СƳ־ս
ΣҶ˳õٻͨȻţȴӳ˼ؼá
ΪǿǿһǳԵĴҪ껹Ҫǿ࣬Ψһȱǣ̷֮ʱҪһʱ䡣
Ҫʱ䣬ʱ̣ڸ֣ȴַǳĹؼ
ٻͨҶȡ˱һɲʱ䣬յĻʤ
Ҷ㣬ӽÿҪһʱٻͨĽһͨСɡ
Ԫ鰢Ļ˵Ҷ潫ٻͨ޳ɣһٻ۷徳֮ǰǲҪĵرġ
֮ǰĵرڵ̫
˵ٻͨǧ̣Ҳǽٻͨɣûһٻ۷徳硣
ҶҪٻͨ۷徳磬ʱ䲻ܣǣֻҪСɾ磬ƾڵ̫֮ٻͨͿҶзӳá
֮ǰҶִ߶ϸ鿴һ뿴⾿ʲôأһ˿һȻܹӳôǿĹ
ϧоСʱҶûκջ
ҶѾ⣬´λת½ʱһҪ¥ǵ֮ڣ¥Ще伮ܲҵ̵
ҶһͲǧϵٻͨķš
˽յʵսӡ֤ɬķţȥͱ׶ˡ
Ҷһĳеʱ򣬴͡ͻأҶĶ
ˣм£˼ĻӦø˵һЩ̿֡
ţʲô£Ҷüͷһ壬ʱѾ֪أҶѾҪˣţ
ˣʱ֮ǰһţҪֽ㡣˵
ţǸֻ̫ҪһżЩ죬ÿ˹Ҷ棬СɵĴС̺֯һЩңŪҶǷʤ
ֵһ˵ǣõÿڣúԪãҲֱǰҶ棬ޱȷõ䭿Ҫؼ֡
Ҷɾܾˡ
ͬʱҶҲȥˣһټȫôܡ
ǰߣ˵ģþܺɢҲǻ죬̫࣬ģҶһ鷳Ǿ̫ˡ
ˣΪҲż;ܾˣϣ˼¾ܾҲû˵ͽżֱӽ£תˡ
뿪ǰȴһʱ֮ڣô˿ż֪żݣ򣬴һġ
С˻֣֪̿ӦôҴŴˣſһżݣû뵽żȴἰ˴һֱѰҵġ¡
ʲôᵽ˲£
ȴ˵꣬Ҷͷ·һöڵһ㣬ֱײƾҵĴ˴ǰֵأ
Щ֣̿ƺûм˽Źæĵż
żС¡ֵʱҶ۾͵һż֮Ҷüͷ˴Σ


1529 Դ
ŵݲֻ࣬μ仰Ե֪µ䣬ǵ֪µ䣬ɵ߽һᡣ
󻹲һ䣬Ϊгԭ߽ȵʱʱ
ž˵Ҷһڵԭġ
˵ʵţҶյĺЩͻأ
ĿϲżҶʱѾ׵侲
йز£ҶĿǰֻ߹һＣõÿڣҶǵ룬Ϊ
ֻҪܹҵµ䣬ûκδҶҲӦÿڡ
ֻңǣҶ沢ûҪǱ飬ϾҪµһ˱ͺѣҪܾ͸ˡ
ȻŵˣӦòңҪȻء
ǻ˭أ
£֪˲µ䣬Ҷ̸ҪôͳɣȴҪҶԼһΪƫƧĵط档
ţʵ͸żֹ졣
䣬˷뿪ûй۲ȥҶʵ
شˣ˳·ʱ˺һ󣬿һǳֵĳ֮¾͸ˣҲ׼ˡЩ
㲻ѾˡҶ氲һ䡣
Ǵ츳ͨһ̰壬߶֮ͨʣԸһԶһԷֶ߽ĵطͺ׸
ǧ̣ûҵǸ߽ĵطҶʵ
ϣɵܱͼҵһΪ߽Сһ̵Сζ̤㣬ɵһңȽƫƧǧ˵
ȽƫƧ
Ҷüͷٴһ壬ѡһƫƧĵط棬ģǲ̫򵥡
ϾҪ̸Ҫôɵеǵط
ǣ龯裬ҪҶŲܣǾԲܵġ
ǷŵԣҶҪǲȥǺһӵġ
֮Ҷɵ߽ķ
Ҷոӳɵûã̺ڣܹܺӽԾյһ⼱
յҵ뿪ɵôˣʱ뿪ɵʲô
⼱Եɫ粻ģ˵ʵ뿪ɵѵĶʱܹһѩͷ֮ޣ˵ܷһСơ
һҲǽͷöġ
һʾ޴ĿգѾ֪ˣȻȫƵϸϣϸ걾Դ֤ժԸǣҿɲǺúŪġ
ⲻרˣʮƹģһƿصɵַֺŵĿŵľġ
һ죬ʵڲǽ֦ʱ
ţȥʲôעⲻҪ¶ˡһ£Ծͼͷһʳ˲Ŀ
ǷŵݣֻҶʱҶŵʱѾһʱˣԣһ·ϸϵĺܿ죬ֻ˲ʱĹ򣬾Ϳ߽
ˣ߽ˣ޷ȷмԲֹһ
ˣ߽ϣˣ޷ȷ
ˣ߽﷽Բڣʮˣ޷ȷǲǹ·ߡ

͡츳ͨʩչԲȷһЩ鱨
Ҷһ·ɣ͡һ·ڸҶ㱨鱨ȥ߽ƺûʲôΣա
һ׵εҶУϣӰȴҪһ
ҶĿ⿴ȥʱĸ˵Ŀ⣬ͬʱӭҶ档
ʣҶˣǸҶŵˡ

ҶٵϿյʱ򣬵ȵһ߿ںȵ
ŵľϣ
û
Ҷ濴Ŷˣ΢΢һ䣬ǿߣǰˣȻȫǽǿߡ
֪µ䣬Ҫʲôۣ
ǣϢ̸һЦ򡣡ͷ˵
Ҷһ̣˵ֻҪвµ䣬һж̸
һж̸ٴһЦ
û
ҪԴΣ
ԴֳڵɲǣԵߣر˽غصϢҶƶ
ҪɱңҶһɱ֮ǰܸܲңǵûвµ䣿
ͷ䣬СӣԹЦ
Ҷһ÷Ÿɾ㣬򡭡
ôСӣͷôǿЦ
ķϻ֣СӵԴǺֵǮģЦһϢسһһȦӣӲҶ
ʵҾģΪǵС룬ûס֣Һúõ̸̸£˭ģΪʲôҪɱңҶȻһ˵
Ҷ˵꣬һֻӡһС˸ƣҶ¡
ͬһɲǣ⣬һʮ˵Ŀ⣬ͬʱеһĨˮ龵֮С


1530 Ŷ
ʵҾģΪǵС룬ûס֣Һúõ̸̸£˭ģΪʲôҪɱң
Ҷһ˵óǰǽص߼ЦСӣǿҲһͨ񾳶صСϺףңֶΣЩϣѾþ˰ɣ
Żǣ
װʲôβ͡
׵ģڼЦҶĽǿߣԴȻ͵һԸԴҽԿѪֻϵָ
Ҳ֪һɲʲôʹ࣬ʹոպĴӡɢˡ
ԸͷµһСҶȴǿҲûСͷ䣬Եöɢžꡣ
ꡣ
ҶܹǿֵͷŴ͡츳ͨļսһҪһشǸɵ֡
λǿߣҶԸûʵԸǣƾ贴սлȥĿܡ
ХУöݺݵĺѪĽǿϣȻλΪܵ͡츳ͨ͵ϮѹƷ׶ûг״߶
ֻƷױܵĻֱӱķѣ⿾ĳζ˳źƮ˷
ǿߵ꣬ͬһɲǲҽŴӱɽ̼˳
Ҳһɲǣһǿߴ߶СҲֵҶͷ
һĻԶڼˮ龵ۿսǣҲȻСӾôˣҲ̫׶Ը˰ɣ
Ӧò̫ܣǣʵ޷ǿӲӲ
˵һ룬Щ߷׷׵ͺһͼ˵ѪⶸشҶ汳ݳ֮һͬģһѪɫĵâ
õѪɫâһǣͽǼƷСĵɳȥ
Ҷȴǹֽһһ￪⣬ܿΪǿĹһǿߡ
ȥɲǣһһаĽٴеҶħ˧ֵ߶СĽǿߡ
һаףֱӾǿߵˡ
ħ˧ûаش֮ʣƷѪӰˢˢͽǿߵʬ塣
ǿߵոնݳħ˧ѪһչնɱĽǿߵļУֱӽǿߵˡ
һɲǵĹҶͻɱǿߣͷĽصĹߴ󺧣˫ĿŵĿ⡣
Խӵⵥר˵Щ˽ֵӰоһĹ
ԵֶκʵȻ֪ϸһǿ߾Ϳʤ
ִ󷽣Ϊһʧһǿɱֵ
û뵽ϿֶΣеȫһ
ûиսֵôġ
սλֵܣǶһĽڵǿߣ·簡
ڣһǰ
أʵĻشҵ⣡ҶٴЦ
ƾ㣬ΣһЦǰһ𣬾Ҷ棬ǣѪɫĵ·һ㣬ն
Ҷħ˧Ĺˡ
ߵ飬رýޱȣѪӰеˣֿһ£
Ƿһ𣬾ɵޱˡ
ǵаףǿҲ޷ӱСӦԵֶΡ
ͻȻ䣬ٴһҶаףͺһǿߡ
״ĽͷͷһɣסҪһʱ
û˵꣬ͷ٣Ȼͼһ飬ܵŶҽ
һɲǣһλֵôģ
ֶģ
·̸ͱתһȦƵģʹԴҪˣ˵Ǵ߶ӭУʹ޷
ȻУҶħ˧ĵɽһ˹
صǿ߾ǰصǿߣħ˧ӵƷƾصΪʱ䣬޷նɱǹͷ졣
ͬʱһǿ߲Ҷ棬ͷһΣӰػ˷
ǿһΪΪȻֲĸǻĸ
¡¡
һа׵׹һзɳǿ۾һɣʱ׵ĸˡ
׵ɲǣǿߣɫ
ΪаףȻǺģǺǵϴġλĽǿߡ
ѾʶһɲǷʲôˣ
ͷΪ͡츳ͨ͵ϮӦħ˧Ӧޱȼѡ
ͻȻһа׶ͷ£⧲ţ
а̺⣬ͷ޷Ƶĳ鴤
Ѫɫ⵱ͷ£
˵ǵĻʹ˭ҿԿһҶ׹˸Ŀ⿴˽һǿߡ
ͬһɲǣոնɱ˹ͷħ˧еѪɫţ˽ǿߵһ࣬Ҷʼл֮ƣΧסˡ
ʱǿߣѾҶֶθˡ
λǿΧһͨ񾳶صСһҶкڵĽǿߣȻնɱ
ǵһˣһλصǿߣҲԵǵֵ¡
Ҳ벻һԵһλͨ񾳶صС
λ߲֪ǣҶһ˵ֵ£ԵһŶС
䣬Ҷ桢ħ˧ǧ̣Сèǵ֮ͨС
ʮĸ߿ƲУСèŴ͡ǧ̶Ʋ֮С
͡˫Ŀһ˶Ķ伲ٲţţ۵ϣҶһնɱλǿߡ
ǧڴСľܣһĺ뽹
֪սˣǣҶȴİȫ䣬ѴжһͿ֮࣬Ҳֻε
棿ҶնɱǿնֶˣǿСʵ
Ҳһɲǣһٶⱻʮߴӵŵߣˮ龵ͻһգŭȵһ
ǳְɣϷѺ󣬼סСһ㣬СӵֶΣЩ죬ϷҲûףôԸǼģ˵
ǣ
һɲǣʮͬʱҶڵķ
ҶǱߣҶ滹ͼʳĻʹ˭òӣ˭ġ
ֻҪ˵һ˵㡭
Ҳһɲǣ͡ٵҶҶ鶸ؾ䡣
ʲô
ɲǣаħ˧Ѫɫ⣬͵رǿߡ


1531 Ϸ
κһˣڴ츳ͨħ˧ѪӰаŹΧ£Ҫֲ
Ǵ͡츳ֱͨӿڶԷըͷ·ǷܡĳǳڲͻȻһڼ飬벻ƶѡ
һɲǼ䣬ǿߵͲҽŶݳһΣҶȴûսѪɴ˵׳սѪ죬һɫҶͽǵнС

ߵ굽ֵɲǣҶͱħ˧ٶȻһѪ⣬Ҷڡ
ͬһɲǣҶҶʩչ롣
ҲһɲǣһͳĺŽشԶͳֱ˵ĺŽ쳹
Уһ˶ںŽڻţһӰںŽס
ô죿
һҶξͷɿĶ˺޴ڵˮ֮УɾҶɲǣؼ˷ˮͻȻǷһԾ
ÿһ΢Сˮ֮УͻȻͶһĪ
Īķǽ𡢷ˮľǻķ˲ϢͽոնˮеҶ𵴹
һãҶһΪϡľжߣû뵽һɲǣǷˮͽԲʮˮ֮һַ˼ķʽϵһɶ
ֱҶݶ˸ա
֮ʣʮǿĽǿϢѾ˲ϢͽҶΧġ
ǸӰ˸ĺŽǣϷصĵţһޱȿĴ󺺣һߴźŽǣһһֱޱȵĿעҶ档
һĻҶɫ˼䣬գǹ
ҶĿУȴһͷĿֲ
ħ˧ϢĴҶ汳ݳսѪһȦħ˧ıħ˧Ϣʮǿע£ʼٵ
Ѫ⣬·ˮһעħ˧ڣħ˧۷Ϣʼһ˿ɶ
ͻأģɶɽһĲĿѪħ˧ϱħ˧ϢҶ治սѪ£Ȼͻˡ
Щ˲ǿսѪϢʼֱ½
սѪɢϢɿĴƷн׵䵽ףֵ䵽ƷϽסнס
սѪϢһ·ħ˧ϢǷٵһأأħ˧ϢصʱҶֹͣע롣
ħ˧ΪԽĵսѪڵԽ֮սѪƷѾ䵽ƷĹؿڡ
һע룬Ҳû󣬶սѪʱ̱һսѪ죬ҶıֶΡ
˵ô࣬ʵֻһɲǼ䡣
ոհΧĽǿߣһ־ޱȵĿ⿴Ҷħ˧֪⵽һʲô̬Ĵڡ
ΪϢȻڶʱڷ
Ƕԣ۷ħ˧صħ˧ȫһûʲô
ϾǿʮλǿߣΪȫڽкڵ߲˵ﻹһ鱦ΪǼӳ֡
鱦˿ǰûĶݷ룬ܹԲʮĿռһˮһ硣
ˮһĿռڣǵսõȵǸʵᱻȵơ
ȻҶ淽űֳնɱλǿߵսǶˮ鱦ǵȴҪ飬һʧŶ鱦
ǣĸıʹߣҶٺһЦ˵ȱޱȿ࣬ɫȴЩߡ
ʵϣҶ涯ָɵ֮ǰһ⹩ĻʹߵĽǿ֮ǰҶѾյ˴͡Ϣ
ԵʮϢڷɿķ˹ȥЩ˱ֳٶȣ¶ǽǿߡ
ʮλǿֱ߰ӽҶһ
Ҷ浱˾ϣӣ룡
¶ԷΧҶݣҲԴ롣
û뵽Էȴһ鱦ֱҶʧЧʵʱҶһսҶʧЧı
߻شҶٴʵǡһҵ֣
ǡˮ壿ͻȻ䣬Ҷ濴ЩһɢϢͻȻʶʲô
Ҷ仰ȴͷɫһ䣬͵ػֵɱ
һɲǣһ߶Ǽ鱦ĺŽǵ֮⣬ʮλǿͬʱҶ˹ָϬͬһɲǹҶ档
Ҷͫٴһ
ֶ֮УȻкüΪϬ츳ͨ
ȺˣԲͨɢޣ
һɲǼ䣬ҶǱÿɬޱȡ
һԲϾҪɵһȺǿߣҲûκƢ
䡢ħ˧˵սСʩչ֮£ԸλµĽǿߣȻ˵ڵ裬ȡʤпܵġ
ǣһǿĿϣҶ淽ŵսͲˣ˵ǶԷĽǿﵽ˿ֲʮˣ
ҪǣҶԵķ֣ǷڵˮĻ£ЩǿߵĹøӵϬ
ָɱСͨǵصĽ֯һҶֹǹһ޵һ㣬ҶǷڵˮм䡣
£Ҷ漸ûκλ·
Ҷ汾߶սѪиǼ鱦ȴҶ治Ҵ߶սѪ
Ǽ鱦ǡҲܿҶսѪ죬һսѪ챻ƴ߶֮ȴ޷Ҷ뿪Ҷͱˡ
ʮλǿߵȫΧ£Ҷֻһλᡣ
ʱȴԥʱԥҶɾһγֵĻᶼûˡ
ʮĸ߿ƲУѾ֪֪ͨһĻĴ͡ŵָⶼʼˡ
ƹصʱ̣˵û
ǿԶֵĳ嶯ȴҶһ̡
߽ˮУһıĿתĶеˮ龵߽ϵһУϣȴһЦ·ڳЦҶһ㡣
ߣҶӾҲ벻ǱŵϷİɣ˽ҹῶĿɾˡ
ͬһɲǣĳһӰĬĬĿ߽龰ૣѵʦ˵ĻԵ
ҲͬһɲǣҶ涸طһ·ʯһХУطɳһٵɫġ
ǰٵɫɳɲǣҶһ̤һȦɫĹ⻪ǲһɢһɬսڵĺɢ


1532 
ɫ⻪һٸɫҲ¶ǵݣȻһٿŸߴɵ֦Ҷïľ
ɫ֮һ֦Ҷïľ׷׷·һչΣϰ벿ֵľ޴ֱ֦ۣĸϵȴ˷·һĽŲ
ɵ룬΢΢һһϵݡ
ҶǷ·ԶšִŷսԶĺУһѵˣط˷ŭƽ
ͬһ˲ϢЩҶ滽ѵˣͷ·ѵսʿһ㣬īɫĹ⻪Ȼţ֦Ҷͬһɲ̵ӭ޵һĹ
Զ۲ˮ龵ıһӣر͵ġ
˺õıȻֱӻ˰λΪֱڵ
λΣ㹶Ӳдһᣡ
еĳӰڷŵһɲǣѾ׼ˣͨˣͻȻֵһλڵҲǾˡ
׻жصֶΣ
¡¡
飡
ָͨڰλʮݵɵһƬ
ܿģЩµĵɽǣ;ˡ
ֵȫһڱĺ鱦̲Ǿ۳ɵĴˮڣȻûйһλķ
ʱһλһɡһĢһۼһ𣬽Ҷ滤м䡣
ΪЩϱߣЩ֦ҶɢһɲǣҶϵ籡
ɱ
ҾͲˣЩľͷ׮ܳסȫ֡ͷˮеֱֳ̲ǵˮһɤӣ߶̲ǣǧҪǸСӸˣ
д߶̲ǵˮصĵ˵ͷйһĹע˱̲֮С
鱦̲ǵı󣬵ʱڴΧһˮȴޱȵĴ
òȫȫĴ߶
ͻȻ䣬ˮͷһƲУƺв׹˸
ˮֻɨһЩ׹⣬Ҳû⡣
̫Ѱˡ
ĸ֣ƲдƲУ޴ڣǿ顣
·߽ΧԱˮǣڷΧŽҶм
˭Ҳûע⵽ҹܲƲ㣬ѾϢĻơ
ʮƲУСèǧ͡ޱȽĿһĻǧѾСèıϿ£ȴ͡סˡ
ûд˵˭Ҳж
ûѾΣˣҪȥȴˣ
ʮλ֣һȥʲôã
ܱȴҪǿ
˭˵ѶˣҺúôţȺ˵괫ǧ̺һɤӣ˴Ҫһˣ
ҡǧſڽ࣬ʵǼ
Ҳһɲǣһһ޺ͻȻӰλסĴ
ףҶڵλɢϢôˣǿϢĻ٣Ҳûôǿɣһλˮͻغȵ
ף쿴ʲôҲһɲǣʮˮױֱӽ˵˷飬¶Щмݡ
һֻţסģ׹ơ
¡¡һ죬ưôͻȻûκ׵й¡
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ţ
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ڵĻ˺һ㣬ںдɫвʹת׹⣬һһ㣬ش¡
׹µɲǣˮͷɵˣСлԪף
ҵ죬̫ţ
ͬһɲǣ۲εı͵ؾţСлԪףҵ죬СӴģ
Уһǰˮ龵ʹɢȥ
صǸӰһĻĲûе¶м
ֱ
ֲ̫Ҫ
ͬһɲǣһĻ˴͡ͻشһ飬Уһ΢ޱȵ֣
ʮ·һСлԪ״ųβʮˮͬʱ£ʮˮ׷׷ȫ
СлԪװ
СлԪװǿ߶ɵޱȵСף
ܿģ˷УСлԪ׵ûеǰֲ
ȫӦܹŹȥͷˮطŭһСлԪףûС
ŭȻֹĲҽ쳹ͷˮҽסŵĶ䣬ָѪ
һҽû£Դľʹȴոմ߶ȫɢˣ
ԭ˵һСлԪ֮ʱӦСлԪײûеĿֲȫԳȥ
ǣз·ͱһ£ʹˣոɢˣͱʲôˣ
Ȼͱˣ
ʹתСлԪֱйϣ˲Ϣ䣬ˮͷͱͨͨ͸͸ŲʹתĽ̼
ոʩչطˮ龵ıոտ߽ϱߵΣͿĸˮԪ˧ɱһĻ


1533 ȸ
ԸˮԪ˧Īıɽ̼࣬Ǳһֻ߬סһ㣬ֱһִĸо
ˣͳˮѾǧˣĸеĸ֮ܶʱֵܡ
һգ۵Ĺ򣬾ȻͲҶУβʹ
ǱĹ˴δʮĸ죬һһҽűСлԪ׺ɽ̼
мˮԪ˧һĪĲҽһԴҽոɢȥˣûκη£ıСлԪ׸ɽ̼
мλˮǱҶħ˧ǱСлԪޱȵʱ򣬱ħ˧ɱˡ
ˮȴҶС
ЩڵʮһĿ꣬ʣµĻˮ
ЩֶҲ򵥣ǵֱۡźЩˮЩˮΧСлԪףҲ˿ӡ
һֽͬھֶΣڹЩˮ
ЩˮֵСлԪףû˴ţҲǳ
£ǾǱʮλڵΧҲô𼸷СӦ˵ֵӦҪСлԪ׵Ĺؼʱ̡
˲Ϣ䣬Ǿͱˣ
еǱһĸĻףȻǳһͬСлԪ׻ɻҽ
еǱֱõģ޷㣬𼸷ֿľѹգֱһͬɻҽ
һĻԶսıϵѪɫʣ
ȻĽ֣ԶֹǰЩˣǰЩˣڱĸսǿĸ
ǣ⼸ǧչĸ⼸֮ڣ˻ҽޣ
Ԫ鶼ûӳ
ǵԪ飬߽ϿƮսѪˣ
Ҷ棡
ҧгݵĴӳݷųŨŨѪζ֣Ѿһ⣬߽
ڱԣĸսȻʹ£ǣƻҪȥ
ôĴۣһһҪɵҶ档
ֻҪɵҶ棬ΨһѪعɣôЩĸսмֵġ
ֵõģ
ͬһɲǣ飬ţģСлԪ׵Ҷ棬Ҳͷ
СлԪףļҶ水Ԫ鰢Ľ飬ţ黯ţģҶͿӵһţϵƿ
ټϺ鱦׹޵ĸҶСлԪ׵ͷΧһĿƳ̶ȣһһ㣬ĽԸ
ˣģҲҶĿǰΪ֧ŵġ
ڵĵһ֮ڣͱեˣ鸮ȫ߶֮£ͱ̺طСлԪɡ
ǣɵٶҪԶҶ鸮תٶȣۿžҪʼȡҶڵıԴҶҲǼˡ
һΣûСҶҲûСıԴ̺طСлԪ׳ȡ
һ㣬ҶͿǹˡ
ҪȻΣҶ涼ֽԼİϷ
ڴ߶СлԪ׵һɲǣҶͻнڳ˯顣
飬ٲæҾҪ˸ˡҶ漱
˸ɡСССлԪףʲôϷ㡭ôֶΣոձѵ鳹׵ɵˡ
ȱʣҪ죬ҪǱ˸ɣҲɾҪˣҶٴδߵ
⡭㡭εľ̾УһۻޱȵĽǱڲϢĽˮһ㣬עҶտҰĽ
̵ʱڣҶת鸮ţתҶͷһɣؿڳŹˡ
ɱģ⼸ҿһͳ˴룬ô꣬ΪҶڣѾˡ
ҶһЦͽעתƵսˣһǿ߱ɱʱҶɢȥСлԪס
ģĿǰҶԣ̫ˡ
ţɢȥ¶һ԰ֽҶ棬͸֧ԭ
ˣҶһǿд߶һ˳߱ɱеĺ鱦̲ǡ
ıôɵ˵ˣҶ϶Ҫ֮յ
ҶǺ鱦̲ǡԺûһֻ֣׼շǺ鱦̲ǵʱǱ̲ͻһһˡ
٣ӣ׹һҶ߶аףѵѵⲻĺ鱦
а׺ɲǣ̲ȴͻأĴҶʧˡ
ͬһɲǣҶ飬رޱȵѿ
ˣ
鱦̲ƾʧ˵˲ûҾڸ
ңڸղţָ͡ҶһϢ˵ڸٳҶڵķλң˳ֵλã뷽ŵʮλǿֵ߳ĵطһġ
֮һˣ
Ҷǣظֳһ˿
ĻʹҪˣҵҪ֪ôֶΣַ˶ʮλǿԸҶģǺηʥ
У߿Ҷ潫ʮǿһɨ⣬ֱӾ˵
üͷһ壬ȴһɻ
ˣ
Сĵȫ㶨ˣʦȴҪȴԵ⻹иʲôԵ
һΣʦ𲻻˰ɣѵʦͨˣеɽ䭣һŵɻ
ͻȻ䣬䭵ĿһҲһɲǱޱȵأ
ѵԵ
΢䣬ħ˧ͻһѪ⣬Ҷ󣬲ľʮ˵ͷɿҶӽ
Ҳɲǣ䶸
ƽĺϣˮ͵س˲Ϣ仯ˮҶߵ
ͣ
·һ
һˮͷ·ӳʸһ㣬ÿһǣЩڵƿһ󶴡
˲Ϣ䣬ĲҽһƬ
ŴսµľʮһɲǼ䣬ͱһи˷ǣ
Ҷͫ׶һ
ԥģħ˧һѪתҶڣҶһһҶξƾʧ
ʱˣǰˣ˵ǿһо͸ɵ˾ʮλڵ
öǿ

һһĻҶ֪ƴҪٴʩչСлԪףҲκβ˶Է
ڣֻһ֡ӣ
жԶӶԶ
ոտıƾʧҶ棬ҲżЦһһ֣ǰʧı̲ǣͳڱС
ʵĺŽص˷


1534 
ʵĺŽ쳹ոƽϢĺ棬ոհˮٴη
һΣǱԴ߶һ鱦ȻڵˮֱӴһĨɫؼ䣬˲Ϣͷ˱⡣
ܳ
ոʩչݶˮҶ棬ײһһ㣬ǱӲĴмһ㣬Ǳޱȵڽӽ߽ĵطе
һ㣬ܳɹˡ
Ҷ淽ž֪Ǽ鱦̲ǵʩչݵʱֱӾͶмΪϡٵľ֮УΪ˱̲ܿǵĿơ
Ҷû뵽ǣǱ̲鱦ǰߵĴ߶£Ȼ֮ǰˮ߶ʱӵǿֹ
ŽһɲǣиողĸɫˮԪȻӲǱ̲Ǵ߶µıˮ
ҶҲǱޱȴӶľӳ
Ҷ֮ǰ뷨һɲǼеľж߽ϣֻҪ߽ڣ̲ǾҲҶû취
ܿɣ
ֻҪ߽Ҷ󺣻ɽ֣ɶݣҪסҶ棬ɾˡ
ҲֻôһɲǣǱ̲ǵܾͽҶ˳
ҶƳ˵Ǳ̲Ǵ߶µˮѾ߽һѼķŵɫķڵˮɵˮ
ҶҪ߽ͱȴһ㵭ɫˮ
һɱ̲Ǵ߻ĵɫˮһ㣬Ҷһ촿ˮؼ䡣
㲻˵޴ȥɣô첻ˣмɲǣҶͳԪ鰢
үģشүҺ£үãΪټרſƸֶʾ鱦㱳شүҺ£Ԫ鰢һĲˬ
ؼʱ̣ҶȴûʱүİˣҶֻҪǸٳ֣˵Ҫˡ
ҶҲޱȵĹյɲǣħ˧ٴγҶ࣬ҶѾؼʱֻ̣ħ˧Ϊȡʱˡ
ħ˧һֵͬģսѪ졣
ֵһɲǣսѪѪţҶħ˧ס
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սѪĿռŲ֣һֱӷħϹħǽҶ˲ŲƵҶȥĵطϹħУսѪʵڶ·˲һͨ
Ҷ治֪鱦̲γɵ򣬻᲻Ӱ쵽սѪŲ
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սѪռŲƵսѪƷֵ֮ģһƷ׵䣬ζҶֶҲʧȥˡ
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ͬһɲǣеͷͻһӦþʦ˵ĻԵ˰ɣ
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ڴ߶սѪҶ棬͵һ٣֣սѪĿռŲƳ׷֮ǰͣսѪת
һɽصɽӰҶ涼̫Ϥˡ
ҪǣǰصɽӰԸǸߣ֮ɽ䭴ʱҶġ
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Ҷ۾֪ɽΪʲôؼʱ̳ǣɽ䭵ĳ֣ٴҪ¶սѪĿռŲñ¶ֶˡ
µ˽ֵĲҶСţ˳ʮ￪⣬Ϣĳ鼫ʯҶץһлָڿݽߵ
ֻҪɽ䭲УҶ汣İգֻ༸֡
۹۲ɽＤҴսһʱ䣬ҶԺͷ
ҶȿǵǣɽΪʲôأ
ΪʲôɵģΣѡһɲʱأ
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ܿģҶͷ뷨
ʮλкڵǿߣ۷ŵĸһޱȱĲƸˡ
ΪҶãӶʮλкڵǿսۣ̫ˡ
Ҳѹֵ
ң֮ǰλ֮⣬ʮλǿҲȫˮҲܲѰ
ҪǣЩˣһһȫҪҶأޱȵĺ
ҪʾҶ棬ͲһʧָɵҶ
Ҳɽɵĳǰֳֺ鱦ߣ˭أ
Ҷ濪Խ˼
˭أ
ɵϣгģֻг̺ŵĴܹܺӽԣһǽԵֱʡ
Ҫǽԣ϶˷ôǿߣӵĽӽǿߣԻһʱ֣ɾҪҶС
Ҷ˼䣬ǰսϣͻȻһ߰
ȴɽ˴ߵĹУȻ֮
ԼԼ䣬ȻһӰ
£Ϸ֮ĶԹΪҪһ֣һʱ޷ɽ䭣ŭ
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Ҷ֣ͲҪӵС浱ҲҶ֣Ҷ϶ظһ˿һߣһơ
߶ɲǣҶȴһȻ
״ȴǹЦҶģϷҪû׼鷳𣿡
ǱʲôطڱˣƣͨҶү㣬ǲܽ⿪ģԪ鰢쳹
ҶɭһЦҿԸӦõǽƻڣҾͲˣڱطܹһӣ
˫жǵ׹⣬Ժ㻹Ժ󣿡
죬ϷƴҲ˵أ
ƳУһǧ׵צس֣
ȻֱԳ壡


1535 

߰Уǳ׵β߸䭵ıɽͨԻصɽӰ
䣡
һľУβɢѪɣǣ䭵ıɽͨɽӰȴǺȻ顣
һĻҶһ
Ҷû뵽ܾȻ˿ֲһƵɽ䭵ıɽͨ
Ȼǿ
һ֣ٴŭһ׵βһӰ䭺ȥȻҪϷ·ǾݹϷĺ
ȻǱ֡
䭱ģֻͨӰ鱦ް
ʱԱͱ˵ĹƣȴǲŲæһӰӳɽӰٴӭ˱β
һɽӰͣβĺ飬һɽӰӭȥֱ飬䭵Ӱʼͣĺˡ
ͬһɲǣǰһֱʵı̲ǵرޱȡ
У·ĺˮŭΣһŭس𣬺ɽ䭡
ֶһʱͽɽ䭱Ƶæҡ
ߣб֮ȫӦ䣬䭳Ҷһ
ͼˣһӺŭβĹƸҡ
ҶĻͷһȷʵߵʱɽ䭵ʵӦÿԸҶȡߵʱ䡣
Ȼ˵б֮ôҶʱߣҲȥ
ǣǣҶ֮أ
ֵĹҶѾ˺ܶˡ
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Ҷ濼ǵǺ
ҶߣôһԶ֣˶
һηɰ׵ˣҶ潫ޱȵı
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Ǹ÷˺ݻҶѹöǰ׼һκαʾͲϧһд۳롣
ôҹֵͬʱҲԶгֵ֣ʧӦÿԼ١
ηɰױĿԣҲǳС
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ò˵ȻޱǿĶҲǱȳˡ
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ɲǼ䣬طһޱȵС
һִֻټӭȥצ˲ϢѪģ˵Ҳһ顣

Ҷаһһĺ˹ȥ󷽵ǧ̣ҲǺԥĽһһɫ˱š
ɽ䭸ǺһһǵɽӰȫűкһǼɽӰҵıðǣ˻һƬѪ
ɽ䭵Ĺ˵ֻҪԴû飬ͻûסǧһһǵɫñѹһ˿᲻
˵Ҷаף鴤޷ֵ
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һɲǵĹħ˧ѪӰϰٵ
ޱȵİУͷϷ룬ɫѪҺ·ɽһ籡
ǽɫѪҶ۾һ


1536 
ǽɫѪҺѪң޽ӽצѪ
ʵϣмǸ͹ľ޴׮Ϳ֪צͲһˡ
Ѫޱȵı
Ҷ֮ǰռıӰ῵Ѫ֮һȣȻҲѪȴر
῵һѪãϵһѪöȲϡ
˵ģѪҲ֮ãÿһڣ̺
˵ÿһξѪǱ
ıһζ˷ѡ
״ҶͷһΣӰͶػóÿӰŸ޴ľͰҶ΢ָ΢ţЩӱǻĽɫѪǣһ㣬׼ޱȵӰľ޴ľͰ
ִӱԴѪҶҲһ㶼û˷ѡ
ҲһɲǣһӰشӱµԴɳɳɲǣͷŭƽ
Ҷ棬ɱң㾹ɱһλ͵ĺͥŭɣŭ㣡һָɽ䭺ȵ
ߣҲҪɱ㣬Ҫɢ
ЦһҶǰ׹Ϲ⻪һа׾˹ȥͬһɲǣǧ̵λ⡢ħ˧̺ſɱѪɫ⣬һԵĺ˹ȥ
ߣȻʧȥԪ飬Ҳܹ桭
û˵꣬ͻȻֽһͷһˣźаסɫ⡢Ѫɫһɢģ
ȻʣԪ飬ԪսޱǿҪɢҲǺѵġ
ҶаףҲɢ
ǣǧ̵ɫϣֲһˡ
ǿǵǧ̵ɫ⣬ŲҺ˵ġ
ǣɫ⻹аףޱȵٶֿ죬Ԫ龪䣬ͱˡ
Ҫǧ̵ɫ̫ˣÿһǶܺıԪȻ÷ֳܴ󲿷Ըɫ⡣
ҶаգԪĿǣԱΪԭӦǧ̵ɫڲ࣬޷ȫӦԡ
Ԫ鰧ţǧ̵ɫҶа£Ԫ鿪ʼɿڣ
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ϣ֯ΪҪؼкĻܵѷĵǿ߸ԪػػԷǵԪ걻жܣѻȥĻܡ
ͬʱ»ԪػǿߣֻҪԪܹӻȥں̵ܶʱڣָܹս
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ǰԮִҶûֻҺܺ棬ǰ֪д˴ѵģҶ䭹ֵ
û뵽յĵȻֻǻҶ棿¼ҶжԹзصˣֻһˣܱȲҶˡ
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ҶǸֳһ˿ЦȷʵɴҶĳٲãʵ̧̫ˡ
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Ҷǿݻ룬£Юͼ
ҶĳǿĸԸ仰Ҷ˵ĺ˳֮˳ҶУҲԸСžŵġ
һ˼ãȷʵޱȵĳģǿ˵ʾתͨҶѣڴغԮ֡
õͨ죬ҶѪֵ֮׼ȷص㶼óҶ룬᲻ὫҲܹóأ
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Ц


1537 
ò˵ĻǱ
նɱһΪ̤۷ǧİ벽Ѫ޽ӽצ֮ΪǽɽΪ
Ѫǲ˵ҶҪԴޱȵ󣬱ǧףߵѪ
ҶϵĴѪ꣬ɽóһƵĿԴѪľͰȫװ¡
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ҶѾʼڴĺͻͽˡ
ȻۣƷۣȱɽ䭴߶ıɽͨҲҪȫ߶£֮ܽ顣
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ΣƤˣƤķԲƤȴ޷ŵ㣬Աˮܻ𡢶ǿķ
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ϣʲȴˣĺòϣʦֻҪܹƣҲƷ
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֮ǰԼѪȫҶ棬Ҫ߳ɣҶֻɡ
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ոһ֣Ҷɫʹ˴䣬ˣһ£


1538 䭵
ɽһĿҶһŵóĸݣɿϵ
ǰҶɽ䭹ϷǼֵ޷ı壬һʱ侹ȻǸʾˡ
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ǣѱʧȥǣֻ߰е飬ַͬЮҶ棬ԣΪ˰ȫҶ滹ηɰתƵĺá
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Ҷ뱱ؽ˽ϵŹƜWĽ䱸ȼߣϷʧȥ֮£һеѪϴ
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ڶķ񣬾ͽԪˮХϰɣһԪˮ֣ʹŶΣˡ
һУҶųһޱȡ
һսǳ׵˺ԺӰ̫ڱڱҶʰӵֶ֮ҶҲǳı
ʱ䣬Ҫʱ䣬ǿΪҶ͵߬ȭͷ
ҶڵĶУһֱڵȺĿ⿴Ҷ棬ǸУѾһ鱨ŴĳݹӦǰǺܲġ
һѪɣ̸ϵġ
Ҷͷһ۶ڵķ򣬡ܹȫҲʧΪһԴ֧պҲ׳Ŀܡ
ǲܣҲͻˣֻҪ˱ȫͺãպʵؽҶ˵
ҶǻȻһ磬ϷﵹиȫĶвҵ⡣ɽ˵
ޣҶ۾һǰʾ
ܼ򵥣ҪҶһ˵
úΪµС
⻰Ҷüͷһ壬Щ̫ףɽȴٴһЦȻı˲ҵ飬ϷҶ棬ġ
ʵҶóҵķӣתøãȻĶоͿö֮Ĺõˡ
ֻҪŵУ˵磬ڱؽڣû˸Ҷ
˵ǱһССĺͥҪµУҲÿǿǺ
仰ɽ˵ļҶţȴһȴڼ˵
ȻҲĶеķӣûĶϿһֺţһ򣬶ҲǳۡռһЩ鱨ϢҶΣɽʵ
ҶȴһȣʵΪ֮ǰ뷨Щա
ռеıˣǶմõĹˡ
õ̺ŷֺţͷ˵Ĵ½磬쵱ġ
ʵҲ
ǿڶϣЧڴܵʼ¡һ˶һ𶯡
ӰЧ棬ֱ޷
˵ռһɵķӣܶУǷĳɵķӣҲ벻ǵϿֺš
û취ƣôţ
ҪȻҲΪ֮һ
ҶףҪô˶ٵΣöиٵķ
Ҷƣ˵ǱҪУҶ֮ǰǸñĻӣҪУҲ˼˼
ôҶǳԿǴռ˰
ҶҲɽô뷨ҪĸԸļ
ҹɽ䭳֣ûǱӴܣնɱ˱壬˺ջҶܵĺôѾˣҲٶһ׮
ҶѾˡ
˵ģǰԮ֮ǲᣬҶҲװסˡ
ģ̫ˣ
ȻҶһֱ벻ףΪʲôҪ˳ĵã˼ȷʵˡ
ҪͼıҶʲô֮£ҶȥˣҶҲûʲô÷ˡ
ȻҶͬ⣬ôϷȥͽ°ȥûᾡڶпֺţͬʱҲפƹ͸ֹȥ
շӵľˣҲר˹ȥ̸
˵ɽüͷͻһ壬Щԥ֮ǰЩ飬ҪҶ˵һ¡
ǰ뽲
Ҷ֪ÿڣֻһ£ÿȷǣڣø˾ְ
һʼ򽻵Ҷܻõ֡
˵䭿Цһ˵ĵطнڲҲֻһ
һЩ鷳ӦòѴʱǰ˵ֻǺýҶи׼˵
ףҶ˵ͷ
ʵڵÿڷֱǰͬҶõʱҶ֪ڲһ飬һз硣
ʱ䭵£ҶһҲ⡣
⣬ҶӦ֪ÿڶ㣬ҶѡãܻڲһЩ΢ǣʱ򣬻С
˵ţԸȿЦϷ㲻ؼҳڲݣҶڷڣԸãü
ģҾǲ룬ҲŵÿǸ졣˵Ҷ鶸һ࣬˵ѡãĵģҲԭġ
Ҽһ£ôţһ£ϴΪͨϣܹɹҶ˵
Ҷ뽲
֮һΣ֪ûʸ񣿡Ҷʵ
ԣ䭵˵ͷ£ϷΪͨģξÿ˼⣬йҶһ£ϲܻȥ֪ΰš
ڣǻǸϽȥްɡ
߲֣߲֣޿ҪӵģЦ
Ҳǣ
ЦţҶ䭷ֱѾе̨


1539 
Ҷ޵ڰ죬ؿڣȻޱȵڴһʱˣûκһ߸̨ޡ
˶ģõĲҪ̫ɡ
ʵˡ
Ҷʵޱȿֲԭӥһսʵ̫ˡ
ԭӥѾ¶鱦ǽǿҲҪĽǿͨϣڵߣֻҪֳ鱦ɵӣҲɶԸڵǿߡ
ԭӥһһ鱦ʱ¾ǽڵǿߣҲͷʹޱȡ
˵ǿޱȵͨһǿռͨ
˶Ϊ䣡
ǣȴӮˣ
ǹشԭӥˣԭӥǼ鱦ս⵽ش
ǿǺ鱦
ʵѾ޷þˡ
ԣֻҪɵӣֻҪԽ⣬̨ȥս
ܹߣмɵӣ
ԣȻɽ˺ȴûһ޵ġ
ż˱˴ѪͷҸоą̃һԸ֣һ뵽ԭӥˣͬһ䣬ӵ鱦ԭӥ
һǻѪʱͻ侲̨ͷʧһɶ
Щȴôǰսԭӥһñȹ׻ڡ
һҹ֮䣬Ϊǲ˵Ϊеĳǡ
ǸֱըѷΣ
ԭӥķŭᣬϣͳһĻ澰ǸڴޱȵĿ˷ڴ̨к
ϣϥƣȻĿ֮Ȼޱȡ
ҶᣬҲҪڷ˼һսսҳӦԵʧԺͬվӦͻӵĴݡ
Ҷһϰߡ
ÿһδս󣬶ܽʧҲҶÿһսܽʵӵµԭ
εܽĽⶨҶԸս˼롣
ʵҶģñѪ塣
ҶڴҲ֪ѪЧжǿ
˵֮ܿʣõĵ´ڣλٴξףһǳ⡣
ϷΪܾɾʮ֮ʮΪʮҲޡ
ʮ֮޵ȵ½ؿڡ
ûʮ֮Բ룬޵õҵ֮ϲɾʹû䡣˵
˵꣬ķĿƵĿ˴سݣ˼ײõĹأ⼸䣬ֵǴسݣ£ɴس
һغµĴسĿ⻺λɨʦʦܵ뷨׵ġ
ʮ֮ʮߣʵðиĳɹиǰ޵Ĺذ¡
Ȼʦʦͬôֻϰ취ˣѡ¾Ӣˡ
ϧǣϷǰͿǹ£ݹʺ̨޵ĵӣʵǲȻȫʵϡɣûʤǵİգѡ
սƽƽйϵ
ǣʦܵɽʦܵĻԪãսǿÿڣϷʵʵǲֻʦʦɳӢӣǸֹʮسЦе˵
ӣöǵĵҪµǻõ᣿
Ϸ۲ǵսǳͨսʤԳսԪһٰ֮
Ϸ飬ÿҸ̨
ߣϷӣÿһѪɲģҪǵȥãǲһ˵ġȶ˵꣬˵һ䡣
壬㣡ֱᡣ
ĵӣҲ᲻ȥģԭҪ£Դѹϴسݵֵڼһ²֮
û뵽ȴǸͷһ仰͵ˡ
سȴЦеĿŶһҲΪģֻһϯȥ
Ӱȥֻسݾڵص״ڡ
ãسݲ̾һ϶ԽԽˣǵ̫ϵ֮ˡ
⼸ڵĻ𣿡ֻ̾ǣʦ֣벻ͨһͨ񾳵ߣҪ̫ϣ˺εͣ
س΢Ƴһܣһ̫й¶ʵҲ֪̫ϣй֮£˺εͣ
򵥰ȡ뱾á

һûãôڵӰĪɢֻǴؾɢӰУоȻż˿ʹϧ
һߣҶİҲԼУһ죬һ˸̨ս
޽Ҷ淵帣֮󣬵һʱͲػ磬ȻóոյֵıѪ
ͬһʱ̣ڽ޽ĵһʱ䣬ɽ䭣͵һʱʦ𡢴سݵǱ֮ء


1540 ׷ͻ
̣
ҶעѪԡͰһɲǣһֿ͹ĸо
ÿһαѪǷڵ֬ը죬Ƥ
ҶѪѪ֮У̵һޡ
ҶһһɲҲᱻǿֲը޵ĸо
ƺһҶ΢ת˺š
һתѪ̺ĹʱǺһ㱻Ҷڡ
ҶոըƤѪܡӿɲǣں幦£Ϳʼɿĸԭ
ԭͬʱǷ·һ̺ѪٴνҶ˺˸ƤѪ硣
֮ǰ˿ڻûг׵ϣһ˺ѵĸָҲͬ
һʱ䣬Ҷ׹˵һ㣬ֿȵ̷һ
ƤѪܡ⡢Ĥͣ˺ѣѪǹעһĿӿҶ壬˺ѵɲǣк幦תҶĹ֮С
ҶǳĲңһ֮󣬾˲һı仯
ϵ˺ѡϵϡע룬ҶƤĤ˺зɿıü
ģǷ·ڵѪҶ˺ѵ˿ڷԽԽСʱ֮˿ϵٶȾȻһγԽ˺ѵٶȡ
ߣԡͰѪ̺Ҷյԭ򣬸ΪҶǿȣ̶̵İʱڣ˼Ѫһεԭ
ѪȻ
Ҷ滶һҶԴľͷ;һͰѪй˾޴ԡͰڣй꣬ͷо̰ޱȵͰڱڲѪ
ÿһΣͷͲһ£ͰǲİﲻѪͷ֮󣬾ͷǷ˶ͻһϢٲ
Ϣ֮ҶĿɿڴĿУͷΪȻһٴ۷ͨһء
⻹ֹһֱӽͨһڣֹͣ
ǰѪЧ
ҪǸһȥһͰѪЧˣ
ҶĿǰͰѪͷ༸ͰΪȫûκ⡣
ǾͷΪܹҶߣɾ൱ڶһǿ֣飬ֶΪء
һɲǣҶħ˧ͰڻóʼӾͷнӹҶ㵹ѪͬʱСè;ͷֱһͰѪ
ͷһޱȵ̰ŸԴͬʱľͰһһ֮һͰѪʧˡ
ȾͷΪʼٵͷξ;ҵҡԭС״СغС
£Ҷ漱ˡ
ͷһ߲඼߰ңҪǷſ帣Ӹˡ
¡¡
Ҷ涶һ׾ͺ˾ͷϣþͷ͵һΪ֮塣
ţҪǸԳھ͸ǽ⣬̫ߣ
ԣͷ͵شһ飬ŸԴ͵һһ£˼֡
ΪϢʼǣСʧˡ
ھͷı뺷һԴ̳СèҶӹѪСĵͷһڣ͵һֱ
Ȼͷǰ⣬һͰѪ
Ҫ̰࣡
ҶСèǷŵľͷһ㣬˾һ˰ӣСèûͷǰС¶塣
СèСͱ¹ҺֱҶ洸꣬һҪǿ
ͬʱСèϢͿʼʱ֮󣬾ҵСèΪϢȻҲͻͨ񾳡
ңΪѪ̺̫ԭСèǾͷ棬ΪͻƵͨʱû
ȻСèͷ˫˫ͻƵͨ񾳣Ҷ棬ǿ˲ࡣ
ͷ̫֮ɲǸǵġ
ԵģҪСèǿС
ͷʮѪΪԳ⣬СèأֻʮԳ⣬ǲࡣ
ѪĲ࣡
˵Ҳĵ֮
ֻҪܹõ㹻ġʵĵرûƿţΪܹٵ
ۿžͷΪѾʼͨһغڳҶҲ±۾ħ˧ıѪйԡͰ֮С
ɱڸտʼйѪǴ̻˺ٴνҶƤ˺ѣȻٴϣҶĺǿȷɿš
ͰѪ̺ܽҶƤ˺ѣͰѪֻҶƤеʹ
Ҫﵽǰ˺ЧͶͰѪҶǿȷɿ
ͻأģҶΪϢ͵һȻǴ󽭱һ㣬ƷƲɵ
ȴҶΪ˳ƵͻƵͨء
ת幦ͬʱҶҲת޳ԸΪ
ֻǣѪ̺תԸٶȣСèͷٶȣˡ
ԶԶٶȡ
˺£ȴֿٱ
һҹ帣ҶլԺڣҹǧ֮⣬լԺڳԱΪ
Ҷ潱ѪȻͶϰٽˮϡ֮ŸĴ͡


1541 
帣⣬ոշʱǧźҶϴҶ桢Сèͷ桢ͬ͡ʱһҹľѹ
Ҷһ۾ͷСèϲʢ
һҹͷֻ˰ͰѪΪϢͿʼͨһ۷壬ңʱͷ̽ڵıѪڷãҲٹ죬ͷΪܹͻƵͨ񾳶ˡ
СèͷЩѷɫΪϢոմﵽͨһڣͨһغڽ
ȻȾͷҶԿ϶һ֮ڣΪһͨһ۷壬ͻƵͨ񾳶ء
ٶȣʵǿֲ
ңСèĿǰΪֹ˶ʮѪ
ҶӵеıѪֵһᡣ
֮£ҶΪٶȣμ׾ˡ
ڱѪ̺еĺһתйʽһӿ룬ҶһЧ൱ƽʱʮ졣
ҶһֱʽµʱڣҶΪͿͻƵͨˡ
һܾ˵ٶˣҶҹͷϷȴǺ塣
һҹ֮䣬ҶƤĤѪ˺ΣҲָΡ
ֲϵ˺ָĹУҶǿȣǳɱ
ԭҶǿȾʹﵽƷĳ̶ȣһҹȥҶǿѾ޽ӽƷĳ̶ˡ
֮Ҷ治κһƷףǶףٴ߶һƵףôҶͻ൱Ʒ
൱Ҷ洩Ʒס
Ҷ֪Ʒ֮󣬵ķжǿ
ɲԵס鱦ĺ
һҹ֮ĵһٶͰѪЧҲǸǵġ
һҶȾ޴ԡͰ֮пһҹʱкСèһСèԡͰ֮еıҶմѪѪ֮У
ڱҶȡ˴Ѫľ֮ѪҩѾºңΪԭ̺Բ١
ҩº͵ԭСèӵѸ١
ĵͺһСèΪϢٶȣؿ˲֡
һĻüΪͨľͷ۲ѣ۰Ͱ͵ĿҶ档
浽Ҷ濪ʼˮ壬ҲûκαʾֻܿͰ͵Ķ㵽ԸѪĽĿСèϢǡ
ʵͷչǱۣͷҪСèǿ࣬ǣСèҶĿеĵλȴ޿ġ
ԣͷеȨСèҲУСèеȨͷȴһС
һ̹ȻĽǧΪԸ壬Ҷһ˼Ч˾˵ԭ
ӦѪʮĹϵ
Ȼ˵ûн׳ΪצǸѾצ׮ˣֻצˡ
ԣӱϽѪӦצѪһִצѪ
ӦҶĺ塢СèͷΪһҹ֮ͽԭ
ǾһЧǾʮ죬ʮ죬һأ
ϣչ֮ʣĲµ󷨽⣬յһöѶһֱšҶǧ˵
Ѷ
ҶӹһУһ˿ϲɫ
ɽ䭵ķѶݺܼ򵥣Ҷʮ޽֮󣬴ͻᰲҶһ¡
Ҷϲģȴһ¡ѾӦҶ
ҶģȻȻôʱʩչͨԤһ²µ䣬Ӧò̫Ѱɣ
Դ֮ͨǰֳ˵ͻҶָһ·ء
죬Ȼ˵ҶصʮΪ˴¼¼ľʮӦ֡Ѫ֡
ʵϣȴȻζ
ɽߣĵĴ˯ˡ
ʵûκǰް
Ȼԭ򣬿⣬ӵ鱦ţ˶Իܣ˭ϡ
ڴ¼ʮһ˵Ḷ́ģʵ˴ʧ
Ҷ޵ʮİбɽͻȻ˷޳ɹΪʮ
ڽɫ磬޽ʷϵһλʮʽλ׼ʱ٣ͬʱµսҲʽ֮Сɽ˵
ҶУȴûжϲãΪǰҶѾ϶
ʱϲѶʱҲûϲˡ
ΨһҶοǣŬû׷ѣ죬ܹõɵȾĴˡ
СļƻѾɹڶ
ͷһΣҶԾޣʹȥɲǣͻȻ䣬ӰҶǰ


1542 Բ֮ҹ
ԭӥкμ̣ŶµԸǰˣҶ滺Ĺ˹֡
סҶȥ·ģǱˣԭӥëˡ
ӣ޵Ϣȴû˸ë־һżеĸһ㣬ĸԭӥһ࣬ĿĶҶ档
ԭӥ촽Ҷ湰˹֣ǰһսǳδԽڴԼս֣֪ʮӦս񣿡
ԭӥ仰Ҷǽ޵Ľ㣬һԼսԭҪɢȥߣͼ˹Χ˸ˮйͨ
Ŀע£ԭӥһ̣΢΢Щ⡣
Ҫڵһسӣϴˢ裬ѡҶʮʤʱ̣һΪ˱ƵòӦսΪ
Ҫ˶֪ԭӥ
Ķһ޶ʮ
ʮԭӥȻҲҶܹõôԭӥҲ׾ٵõ
ڵ̨֮ޣȱܹõһʮҲûκ壬ž޴覴ãҪһϾʮ
ԣﵱսڵڻ֮ܵŻɱޣȡʮĳƺš
ֻܹһϾʮƺš
Լս
ҶǸһĨЦ㵱õĺ鱦һˣĺ鱦սδָɣƣҲûɣ
ʲôսң
һΧ˷ֵǣʱһƬȻ

ԭӥȻ鱦
ǿģֻ鱦
Ȼǲ˵ѵģԭӥҲûзϡ
۷׷֮£ʱ˵óȷĽۡ
ԭӥĵ鱦϶ĺ鱦ֻĺ鱦пǿ
𰸣˷ٴλȻҶĿ⣬ٴγ˾
ӵ鱦ΪԶԸԭӥܻܣĹ
ҵȷʵûкԼսӣǽ죬ǰ֮󣬰֮Բ֮ҹɵ⺣㡣ԭӥ˵
֮㵱Һ𣿡
ҿûСӹҼңǣ˵꣬ҶתƿȺߣλãã
ԭӥӶرͨ죬˵˭Сӣվס
Ҷûлͷ󲽵˳ǰÿͨȥ
ԭӥȴˣٴŭվţ
Ҷûᣬģԭӥȴ侲վԭأǹһ˿Цͬʱһ겨
ͬһɲǣߵҶŲ͵һͣɫرѿޱȡ
ֻҪһ㹫ƽһսĻѡҪĳЩǵ顣
ɵǺõطѾ֪ȫ鱨ļҵɣҪҶ˵𣿡
ҶԺУԭӥвζ
ͬһɲǣԭӥĸëͬʱǰһͶҶ档
ʵʵɱɢ
ëɢɱ۷ǿߵɱ⼸ĹҶѾˣȻҶһâڱĸо
Ҷ𾪵ģԸǵޱȵɱ
һëȻɱɲǣҶ࣬ʱͲ
·ڱסģһߣʱԽҶĵġϵǧĸо
֣
⸣Ǳɽ䭡Ҫǿĸ֣
ʵϣҶ棬Χ˷ǣҶ渽Щߣǵɱһɨ亹꣬ôλɫһɲǼޱȵĲ԰ף
Ǳɱɨߣ׷ײĺˣ޹ģ
в
ǳв
ԭӥ˼ѾףҶǲӦսôҶĶоҪˣҪҶĶˡ
ô귨ԭӥҲĺ
ëָԳ֣
ëֻ˵ʵֱɲ⣡
ҶǸ𰡣
Щ쵰ĶвǾҶ۸ôţ
һɲǣҶԭӥѾɱģ
ԭӥɲôɱġ
ҪǸɢϢֲ̫ˡ
Ҷ룬Ǹ᲻ǵĴأ
ԭӥߣȻһ̺ԭӥģվʲôĴڣ
СûʵҪᣡ
Ǹ˻ǹңˡ
ˣԭӥҪʵҶԼս
һɲǣҶܾ
ԭӥҶ治ԸһͷµС˷ѹʱ䡣
Ҷɽ䭵ԼĶУúõͷǸҶĶһǿޱȵĿɽ
ɽҪҶĶе⣬¾ˡ
ҶҲͷˣ
Ҷ汾룬ܾ֮ԭӥ鷳ÿܻ¡
ǿԭӥǷģҶȴЩˡ
õͷʹڣҶ浲ЩԶеʵϵѹ
ǣԭӥƫִڷļһһΪҶܾУиǿߵ¡
ϾǿҲǲҶĶϳפһλǿ߰ɣ
ʱʧģҶ棡
֮
ԭӥȷʵвҶ棡
Ǹһ˿ɲǣҶ涸תԭӥȵãȻ뱻һΣҾ㣡
ԣԭӥǸһ˿ССĵ⣬С׾ͽ̵ǶԸˣĳĿ꣬ҳ˵߹ؼ㣬޶ȵĳɹ
ڣѾ
ķӦȫԤ֮УҲѾ˶ԲߣųɹʹӦս
ңţֻҪӦˣͲҷӣ
ʱ˭˭һأԭӥŵʼ磬̨̫Сˣѹ޷ӳͨ
ԭӥ仰˵ڽͣʵڸԸǰսɣɣ˳֮ڡ
е߶֪ǰһܣս֮ǻã
֮Բ֮ҹɵ⺣ݣһ£
仰ԭӥʹŸëֵԶȥ
ҶĿĿһԭӥԶȥķһʧԶ
ˣ˷ǣȴˣ
ʮ޹УʡǡǿĹһսԭӥһս
ڣζ
ԭӥսǾϲǣȻӦˡ
ɲǼ䣬֮Բ֮ҹ鱦ԭӥսϢһɢ˷
ϢĵһӦףǵһʱ佫סĿͻڰ꣡
һʱ䣬ɷ
ϣִѾڵˡҶյ帣ӣǧ̾ӭ˵
Ҷôпգʱǰɽʵ


1543 һ
õĴͬ˼ԸһҶԣϲѶ
ȻλͬҶ棬ôͨʮа˾Ҳܾ
£ҶͲء
£Ҷԡ£ʰˬ֮󣬲ɽǰȥ
Ҷ̫ӣʵλҶΪδ棬ȴѾΪˡ
ʾջԤʾҶݣֻãЩʵʵ֪һֶΡ
ҶϷ̫ףΪʲôҪӦԭӥսأڴҶǰ˴·ϣɽͻʵ
ҲӦȴ𲻷ӦҶ˵
ɽ䭺ε֮ˣʱʶʲôҶԭӥв㣿
Ҷ֪鱨ֻ࣬Сɽ䭵üëͻһԭӥԶв㣿
ҶֻҪõĺչͿʹҶвֲһ䡣
Ҷ沢ûлشɽ䭵⣬ЦЦŷʵǰĺ⣬ǣòһλǿʱʱפڶаɣԭӥĸʵӦɣ
ԣɫһݣߣƷǷϢ¶Ͷ䣬ȴشʮа˾ţǵǿߣʵȻͬһ㡣
˵䭵ͻһ٣Ҷʦ׿£ڶϳפһǿߣҲʲô¡
ɽ˵ſڿӣöҶӳ̶ȣɳһǿϣûпܡ
ҶһȻû뵽ֿ˼飬䭾Ȼ˵пܣ
ǿ߰
ǿߣеһĴڣΪȻпɳһλǿߣ
ǰõĵǿߺܶ𣿡ܵģ˵ʶģҶѿʳ
ʳ֮Ҷ֪Щðˣǿߣǿÿһʾ˵ĵơ
һΣɽ䭲ûлشҶ棬صЦЦһ㣬Ϸǲ֪
пܣҶʦһ£ɲԭӥвɽֽ˻
ҶЦЦÿɷ
ҶԿóӦǳģ֪ͼıʲôҪͼıҶʲôеĵǿ֣߳䭾ܹʰҶ档
ΪˣҶŲҽõĺô
öҶ̫ˣõҶ治ΪҶ棬ǿ߶Ե
Ҷܵĺô̫࣬Ժ󱨴ˡ
ȥҶҶ涼֪Դ
ĿǰֶΣҶһʿĸо
ʵǺõҶ浨սľ
ңҶѾӦԭӥӦսʳ֮£Ҷ滹
ߣԭӥһʵҶ沢̫󣬵սޱǿļһҶսҶҲǺġ
ҶҲ֪֮սȵж
õĴڽɵȺɽƵϿ֮УϿ̲ݳ𣬾죬裬һ̤룬ͻ߽ɾһ㡣
ָ࣬ܿΪһ㣬ҶĸоУһ̤ڵϿȣ˫۾Ҷ氵ԺȻ
ڽĸѹ̬ƣҶͷһЩɻ
룡
֮䭴Ҷ̤һ⻪ǳһĴ
ҶĴ֮ʣɽͻָһҶʦǱߡ
˳ָķ򿴹ȥҶ۾͵صɴһµߣľͷ·Ϊһһ㣬ָ㣬Ҷ»Ҳ
ʲôΪǰȴ޷
Ž֮ʱҶͿѹûλõĴҶûκ⣬ֲָĵطҲܿ
˵ҶҲûκθӦ
Ҷ澪ģλһ¡żƳô۾ȻҶһЦҶؾȣľ磬ҶվҲﵽ
سݵĿһҶʱһ崺ĸоһн뾪ȣ˲Ϣȫɢ˱÷ޱȣɡ
һɲǣҶֱһֻؼҵĸо
ͬһɲǣҶ滳Ԫ鰢Ҳһ£˶۾Ҳһ
ҶãϷΪˡãʽһһ㣬Ϊ¹ִµӣ֮ɣְ˾ΪЧְ˾ٺ⣬Դ
ɻְ˾ǨĳɫԶһȨ
һǳΪ޵ӣ֮󣬿԰費ͬȼƣķ
ͬʱûᰴݵȼƵĲͬȵԴҲ԰ݵȼƵĲͬȡõͨطΪڡ
ǣ޵ÿͱ㱨һηλû޵ڵķλ´ɸһ´ͱȫȥɣЩִС
·֪Ҷʲôһ㣬سݲҶ˵Ļᣬǽ˵Ҷ϶ѡΪõ޵ӣǰɣ
Ҷµĵ˵ͷȷʵ뷨
⣬֮ǰҶǰɽһΪʵڷԸ
Ҷ֮ǰ⽫û뵽ڣõĴ𣬾֪⡣
ͨȻͬһ㡣
֪Ҷ϶ԸϷΪʦԣʦ£ϷͲٶˣԺ䭴ʽ
˵ţسóһ򣬵ݸɽ䭵䭶Ҷ֮£һдӼͰ
ǣͽ񣡡ɽ䭽ӹʶɨһߵݣޱȳԾͬʱʶĶҶһۡ
һԵҶ棬Щ棬֪ʲôȻܹɽ˳Ծ
سȴǿҶ棬䭶֮ǰҶĳŵֻҪҶԸ⣬¹ôеͨϷҲԴڸҶ
ͨ͵ҪҲýԪ顣ҶͨԪ֮󣬿Ϸ򡣡
ԣҶЦŵ˵ͷ
֣ǰͷ̫ˣ죬ѹһֻҪģƺܸ
ҪϷΪ£Ϸ֮ǰ֪ˡѲ⣬ϷͨҲֻܸһ֣س˵
Ҷһݣһ֣
ûֻһ֣Եڴ֮Сس˵
һ֣Ҷʵ
ϣ
ϣ
Ҷ㣬ֵʾϡָ֣Ϸ𣿡
سûлشֻЦĿҶ档
ǣǿϣֻС֡ȥϷϷƴֵС硭
м䣬ҶֿܣҶôʣسݶЦٻش
ԵڴУҶᡣ˵ţسݻ˻֣䭶Ҷȥ˰ɡ
ǣ

䭴Ҷ뿪ȥ֮󣬴ŸոչղŻĴ䭾ͷɿվޱȵĳǰĿ̫ϣѾ㽻ˡ
޵ĿУһӰͻأ֣ĵ˵ͷĲ񣬷£ҪΪʦΪʦĹҪһʱ䡣
ʦ㣿سݴʧɫ
ʦλõ̫ϣǺεȵΪȻĹ絽Ҫһʱ䣿
ʦ𣬾Ϊһ֣سݾʵ
ʵϣҶһϡ֣Ǵسݳģйزµ䣬ͨΪѹݲκ
ûΪһ֣һӰ̫ϻĵ˵ͷ
سݵ͵Ŵ󣬰ϲ£


1544 ɫ˫
õó򲻶࣬ҲԲ򵥡
ɽȴҶΰõĴʼˣһλųɵߵĵȴλɵΰݡ
ҶҲûô⣬ǵɽ䭽һĴǽҶ棬Ҷɵǰ֮ʱ
һ޷ݡͨѹ޷ӦϢ𣬼̼䣬ȻҶ֮佨һ޵޷ݵϵ
һѺبյһ㣬Ҷһ㡣
ĪϵȶһɲǣҶڵ鼫΢һǶһ֯ɵһһ㣬Ǽ֯ɵʱڷңϳء
ԭϵҲʹжϡ
һУҶ汾ˣ˿ûκβΪ΢һɵ񷢳Ī΢޷
Ҷûвǣոس̸껰̫ϣӰĪһңңķ
ʦôˣسʵ
ûʲô
̫ϺɵĿҶķһۣƾɢ
Ҷߣʽһӡ󣬾ͷҶһݵɫ˫ơ
һҶ涼޷׵Ĳ͵ɫƣɵĸޱ߸
棬มֵģģ顣
ɫ˫ơ
еɫҶܵĴƾɫ˫ƣҶÿԴȡһٿƷ鵤
ңԽ¥ѡһͨطȡκηá
һ˺øŸַӵĹأ֮󣬿ѡһΣÿʮĿ㣬ҲԻý¥ѡͨطʸ
ֻ߳ڵĳְ˾ҲԻýеĻᡣ
ɽ䭵Ļ˵Ҷɫ˫ƣֵԹ
Ϊ䭣״ӣ굣Ҫְ˾ֳֵģҲɫơ
Ķ٣ϴȨĴС
ҹӣÿ궼ȡһٿõƷ鵤㿴ÿȡһȡģ
˴ɽ䭾һֱƺҶ桮ҹӡٳƺҶҶҶᵽһֱζ
ɽƺڿҶʵݣȴڲξЩˡ
һ㣬ҶҲּɣʵݱ¶̫鷳
ڱҶ滹治в
ķأɲǶһ㣬Ŵܵ۹ɽ
û׸Ա̫顣
ܵ۹Ѫߣɲġ
ܹһģãϾʱһαչҲúüꡣҶЩ˷ܣû뵽
Ǻãʹ㽫¸ˣ鷳ɽһһ߸Ҷ˵ʵֻãȵһȥһøôɵݣͿһȡʮԴ
⻰Ҷһһġ
õĲҶһҲɣܹһó˶Ʒ鵤Щϡˡ
ܿģ䭾ʹҶִרڵԴŵһ䭳棬һжĺ˳
ҶոõٿƷ鵤ʱһҶЩߵӰ̤
Ҷһۣ߾ɫ䣬첽ӭҹӣ㡭
һڣҶ˭ˣǰЩɽҶɽôʯ
ʱʯҶ棬ٿҶߵ䭣ɫøͣϢ֮󣬴ʯɫͱޱȡ
ҹӣǼã
Ҷ˵ͷ
ǰҵ˲µ䣿ʯʵ
ʱûСҶЩΣȷʵŵģǣõ̫ˣҶѡҲ
Ҷôһ˵ʯɫٴһٺЦҹӼãǺ¡
ҹѡãӦòΪ£
Ļɽɫһ䣬ʯȴ䭷Ļᣬһԭʧ
ҹӣЩˣյڰ䲼ʮʱϷٴȥ¥ѡͨ
һ·Ҷ浽˴⣬䭲ɫĵҶԺɽúͻԪõСһЩ
˵䭿ЦһҶЦˡ
ףңãԼѡ񣡾Ϊһ֣ٶ鷳Ҳν
仰Ҷ͵帣ӵķҶո䵽帣ӵլԺڣͿǧһվԭУ䡢ͷ桢СèȫԺ֮С
Ҷɫؾ䡣


1545 غ͵
ɽڵɽߴһΡɵĹУɽð˴ִ֮һʯ˫ڴ֮£ʱʱĿһ֮Ͽһ˵Ρ
ڵˣ
ţȻõʦǣʦ֮󣬲ûϸָʾš
һȣǽʱ
ôʯͻȻʶµĺеĻҪء
ڵķʵѾʲôˣЩʵĸ߲֮䡣
ڵķԵɣʵܼ򵥡
ÿõÿڣһֱǲַÿڲûȺ֮֡
һ۹ڵһ㣬¼ѣ֮ʱŻͨɱУȹˡ
óһʱ䣬ʱ˼ѣÿЭɹһһѹأȫΪ׳öŬ
ǣĴܵ۹ɣڵİλסͷ׷ΪԸƴһ೸⣬Ĳֻ
Ѿûȥˣʮ֮ǰħ֣֮һĹȺڶͣ
ˣʱգѾչΪһǳӴСһţÿ춼УһȴǷǳļѡ
£ÿھͬܵ۹ڵĸһɣʼ׷׵ΪԸı棬Ȩ
Ȼû˺ƤǰĶ본⣬֮ܵ۹
ԭܼ򵥣ܵ۹ڲһ¹ʥڣأ
ôˣòͷǰЩӣЩߵͷָǿΪϴ
ÿڰԽϾ˭Ҳ˭γںڶľ档
ôʯʹ֮࣬ȴҲ޿κΣñ䱾Ķȥ
Ҳ֪֮󣬵һʱʦ㱨ԭ֮һ
Ȼֻʯһ֪Ŀǰ෴ģõĸ߲㣬ȫ
ȫĿǰһʲô״̬֪θıĿǰ״
ǣ˭ѾԵķ⣿
˭ýԸѾ֡֡߿ֵܵ湰ó
ûԸ⣡
ôһ˽Ĺ̥Ҳܣ
ΪߵˡµˣԸ⣬㣬Ю㣬Ǻɳһ㣬ٲԸ⣬Ҳøһȥ
Ǵƣ
ܹΥ
õ֢ᣬɽѾˮݵԭȴΪɽãþİڶ֮ҵʵ֮нȣϴ˼Է˾ֵԭ
ɽõľȨ̡Ƹϣᣬ˲ϣ
Ǳߣ
ʯЩһֱھ£ǳɽҶϻ˶˼
⼸췢Ѱҵ˵ġ¡ĸ֣ѾˣѸǸߴʮƷʯˡ
⻹ЩͶ룬ҪǺѰȥͶһ֣
ʦĿޣûޣ
µͶϣֻҪҪһֱͶ룬ֱҵҪҵĲ£ֻߵÿڣ
ʦ𣡡˼䣬ǰ⻪һʯʦͳ˴еϣһ
£ذܴ󣡡ʦĵһ仰ôʯͷΪ֮һ
յҵСӣܻıΪѪԭСΪδֱԻӰǵĴơ˵
ʯһֱʦ𣬲Ҹᣬ䡭ʯһеĺƣֲȻɽõòôҲõ
̧ͷŴʯ˺һᣬڵڴΪ֮ǰɽû
ѾɽãǾ;Բˣ
ǹأҲദĵߣ
ʵһ仰ȴûͽ
ʧʵȥ̫ϵģ
ɽһ֧̫ϡ
ΪǰΪ겻̫ϣ͡
ԣδãͱ̫ʾ
̫Ҳʯͬ뷨
̫ϸĴ𸴣ĸ֣ߣ
õļλ̫ϣǼλ𣬼ܻǻˡ
һȻǳõڶһû˹ߣôֱҲͲԶˡ
ԣڲڶԣйأ
ڲĹ¶
ǿԾǿ뷨ǿץֵСӺʷţп˵ȨɶԷĵִһЩʸߵ񣬿ڸԴѷб
ڲù֣ǾԲд̵Ѫƴ֮٣
˭ҪǸù֮
ҪԸҲȱðڵĹذɣӦôɣ˵˼Ҳ̫ϵ˼
ԣʯصĵ˵ͷ
飬ܼ򵥣㣬õù棬ִֻиΣֻʧȻ󿪸ãʱֻҪõһԱȻˡ
ȻиֶΣ硭
ţʯЦ
ΪʦɽõǼλǱͻƵʦֳ⣬ˣԵޱֶһ˵
ʯһʦϵľģһµʶ

ڣҶɽ䭣ڴֵȺʦָ
ʯʯķӦʶʲôʱͽ»رʦسݡ
ǣʦسݾȻޱصٴתͨ˿ʱˡ
ͻȻ䣬תһգ۾ɽæ״
䭶㲻صģС⣬ϵǡس˵
ͽʦͽǣ
Ϣ֮ɽ䭹ޱȵ˳˴ڴŹɲǣسɫرֽһ԰ס
ۣ
һѪ͵شӴпԶ
ɽԻһ
ʦسݺεΪµӶмλˣȻΪ߶˴󷨶Ѫˣǲ˼飡
ֽĴسݲһǵѪȴǿſЦ̫ΪʲôĹˣ
ӵǺȻ˻ңͨȻ޷
ԭسǴʦõ̫ʾµģ̫ѾĹˣѾĴ̫ˡ

帣ڣҶĿոڻԹȥСèͷ桢ϵɲǣһ綸ش帣ӿ帣Ӳס
ͬһɲĵ纣ϢͻأĴжݳļɢſֲϢļƷɵҶͷϡ
һɫüŵߣͻҶӵǼ侲ת
ҶͫһţȻûиӦǸߵϢ


1546 ǧ̵Ĺ
СӣҪǸ϶һ£࣡ǴҶ澲תüŵ߸Ȼһƽ͵ģ
ֻҪɵӣÿһ֣ҧгݵ˵ģ޲õնɱҶ档
֪ôһĪߵͨţΪǰòҪʩչһڵģٴκȵ
仰üԸͻظһ˿ʡ
ɫŲңޱȣСӣƾһݶպҲضǳ֮ϧΪҪң
ΪҪҼǧأٴ˵
±ĵ۷ǿɱƷϢҶ棬۽ǵɨһǧ̣ȻһޱȵٶȻ֡
ҶӦУҶǰʨүû˵ѣһ˿һͷķļԻڵһʱ佫ҳ࣡
Ӧǧ̼ĳˣǧ̣Ҳҽһ¡Ҷ
ϣүү¡
ס죡
ҵĶŮֻڸĸˣ˭ָӵܵˣǧ˵꣬ͻȻͳǧ
¾һͷŭĽëʨһ㣬˲Ϣǧ̱͡
ǧ̵үү£ڼƺ
¿ҶĿ⣬ͻȻñŰޱȣ񣬾ͷ·һͷַصʨһ㣬޲ھͽҶң
Сӣ͹ԹԵķҼǧ̵Ŀƣͬʱ׷ſ꣬Ϸûʲô֡
⣬뽫ǧ̵ķţϷȫг
˵ºٺһЦҪȻӦòɵЩͨУ٣ֻǸʼ
ܡҹҹ紦ַܶܶ࣡
ǧ̵ķţҶ΢΢һ̣Ѿϸϸļǧ̵Ԫ˰ɣ
ûǧ̵жֽţӦģ
µɫһ䣬ط޾Ϸܹ֪ϷȰ㣬ʵʵĽϷĿޡ
Ҷ⻰ȴЩͷתͷǧ̵ǧ̣鷳ԼƽߣԼ뿪𣿡
Ҷ仰ȴǧֲһ㣬ɫѪɫʡȻ˫ϥһѾҶȥ
ʦˡʦٸǧһᣬǧһʦ
վ
Ůعĸˣվǧ̹£¾һͷŭʨӰһͳ嵽ǧ̵ԣǧ̵ĺ󾱣ǧ
µĶǿ죬ǧȴ·Ԥһ㣬ƾպưףһƷʹԸ޳֮ϡ
ĿѪʱ͹
үүҪңϷʦ£һһԭԭĽͣǧһľȻ
һ㣬Ǹһüëӣ͵һΣͷҹһ̶ޱȵЦ
ЦдżĪĲɣЦЦţ¾ȻЦᣬððǸֻιүүӵСѾͷƬӣˣȻѧвүүˣԸ
ǳˣ󵽾Ȼ֪˭ģ˭˽ˣүүƢˣ´Ӳв
µЦУǧ̵ɫزұ䣬ͬʱɷһ͵һ֣
ͬʱͣҶͷҶͷֻһ׾ļƷͬʱĿޱȵ⣬Ҷ浱ͷ£

ǧޱȵļ쳹ͬһɲǣǧ̵ĿľȻޱȣϵĳ͵һУ
ģļλ۷ǿߴ߶ļƷ˵Ҷ棬ɽҲǳԲ
ҶΣһɲǼĭ
ǣûаѪƮҶֱӻ˵ɢС
һûӦУͱñޱȣһ¾ͳǧࡣ
ǧ̣ǺοడҪүү𡭡
˫磬޷סǧ̾Ѫ
Ϲˣæ
µһŭ𣬸ոջڶҶʹɱֵλ۷ǧߣͬʱͳ嵽ǧ࣬Ʒæҵȫȥ
ٴŭսֹѪ飬ǵ죡

м䣬µɤЩ˻ˡ
帣ӵصףһͩۿһĻҶ棬ҲЩ
űɱģʵҶӰ
ԺڵĴ䡢ͷԣҶûκθӦġ
СèҶСѪͨ裬ȴûκϢĿµ겨ҶûκβǾɵˡ
ڽ帣֮ǰҶѾգҶģһҶעӰ
ȻˣŵһĻҶ濴ţޱȣ
ǧ̲֪ɱҶӰļƷȥɲǣе齣һȦ͵أ
ǧ֮֮ݣȻֱӽԸԴһȦֻʣºһƤš
Ϊң
⻹ǹģ
Ȼ˵ʧȥ֮󣬻¸µǣӰȴ޷ݣ
ϣֻҪǸߣûнĿܣ
ȻԴ󲿷߶ԣϣҲã
ͻȻ䣬ҶЩǧ
Ԫ鰢ǲǽǧ̸̫ˣ
ΪҶ棬Ȼϧޣ
ϧǣҶˣҲ޽⡣
ͬǽһŰֽдףһдֵİֽԭͲˣڰֽд֣ԭȵĺۼҲ޷Ĩɱġ
һҶٴλóһӰ帣ڣĿæǧ̵¡
ȻΪȺǽһ˵Դ½ϣȴޱȵѣԴոյ£ð
Ȼ¼Ϊ۰ǧ̣ѹǧʧȥ֮·Ӵ˶Ͼ
ǰм侫ľɼǧ̵˿ڲѪܡ硢ǹĸԭҶӰ˵
»ͷѪӵҶһۣǻæ
ã
һ̵ѿǧȻǧ̵ľ̵ӿǧ̵ڡ
Ҷ£ǱʮĽģѹԳֻңңĴ߶һ꣬˸ǧˡ
ʵ֤£ΪǿҪŤתҲ
۷ǿߣټһпǵֻǰ벽ǿߣҶͨľԴԴϵ;ޱȵľ
£˰ʱĹ򣬲ŽǧԸµԴ½ϣǱסǧ̵
Ҳ½ԣҪʮϢΪǿҲǻ
ǧ۾סųһĿͱޱȣ


1547 ˵
û뵽ϷȻˣСôֵϷԺеģĿĶҶӰˮɢ˷
ڲصףУµĿⲻͣ˷Ѱš
ҶȴЦһ˲ĹҶѾԶݳʮħ˧ѾҶԡ
Ҷаգǰϼһɱ֣ɱ֮ǰԴߡ
֮ǰһĻ֤ǰϼһԵĺ˵
ޣµĿͻȻ䶨СèͷϣӦͷͨģϷˡ
ȻһΣǾԲٸڶλģҶЦ
µĿһݣСӣϷǾ仰ԹԵĽǧ̵귨ţɢȥƣϷһ
ҶƲƲϣΪʲôû滰أĿǧ̵꣬ôţǧ̾Ͳˣǽ޽Եʱ򣬽ش㣡
룬ΣҲǲҲ벻ǧְ̻ɣ
һɺˢľʹµĽŵҶ˵ǧܹ̾شĿܡ
ǧ̣Ӧ֪ˣͻټĶ
ĻĶ֣ӦõǼλеһλмλҶٴ̸Ȼ˵ܱߣкüʮλǿߡ
ңӦöڵصڴĶһѻ𣬳ûҸɵõĵӣȻõļλΪӻҹ㲻ݣ
ˢһ£¶ͷ亹ˣҶĿ⣬ʨӿ˲ԭһ㣬Ǽɵ
óϣҶ˵ֿԣɹĿԺܴ󣬷ǳ
õǼһﲻԸѪƴΪĿ֮£ҲѪƴ
ǼϼһУֻҪͬʱ֣ûк³
ĨһѶͷ亹ҶΪһͨƷŵĸ֣ףҶ˵ģпģ
үүϡʦ˵ǡģѹǧ˵
Ŀתǧ̵ɲǣޱȵĿ⣬˲Ϣͱôޱȣȡһֱĵҩιǧ̵ĿУȰޱȵıǧ̡
ɵѾͷүүͷ嵶Ӱѵ֪үүһӣ۰ˣ
үүǧĲʦΪǧ̵ԭܵ˺
ʦ𣿡
ɻ䣬¾ͱǧ̤ҶľңһǼ侲ҾٴҸ
һһҹ
ƽϷųһƹߵʱЩ͵ĴӾ߳Ե޾ʵģ뷢˿ƺҲ˼֡
һҹǧ̸˺þãսʱǧϸϸ˲°ٱ飬ûŹκһϸڡ
ʱǧ̶ݳԪ飬ȫ۲ǧԪһһûҶĿơ
ͬʱһҹ֮䣬¾ǵ̺ʽһ㣬ǧ̵Ԫ⣬ڣϸϸ顣
ûзκǧ̱Ƶ˿켣òǸ޿κεĴ𰸡
ǧ̺пǾǰ䣬ǣоеµֽš
ҪȻҲɵ֮ʱǧ̾;ǰ䡣
¸ǧڶҶޱصԭ
ǰͬʱǧȫ߶ٻͨŶԸ
ǡڴʱǧ̾;ǰļ䣡
ƽʱѣҲνǧ̵־֮ͣһʱ䣬ܹ׵նɱħԴ
Ҫǣǡʱѵǰ䣬ǧԸʩչķŸɰǧļǿˡ
һߣĵʲôأ
ӶŮǸĸֵܣԼ
ʣ£ĸ߻ԼԼأ
û˻ᣡ
Ҳܻᣡ
ǧôɡ
ǰļ䱻ٻô󷨳ɰǧļǿ󣬳Ϊǧ̵ӡǧ̵׵ںһ
ΪǧӡҪһ֡
Ѿ֪ôˣ
ħħҪնȴħնȴħϵĶһ㣬ֳնֽųնţĳˣ
ڿĨǧ̵ǧںϲɰǧǿļ䣬Ǹɱǧʲô
Сӣ֪ôǧ̾ǰģĿĶҶ档
֪ɡҶ̯̯֣ͷȴһɣһأǹĲˡ
¾Ҳ벻νǰ䣬Ԫ鰢̫ıԴĻ
ǰҲģǼһ͸˵⣬Ҫҵ鷳
ǣǧ̾ǲߣҲû취ˣʹǧ̰ɣ
ҿҲĪľͱɱҶһĿУ
˿̣ʶըˡ
֪۰Ů˿ͨ켱ˣ𼱻ǵĸϹ˻Ůϵơ
Ҳ벻Ȼô
ҪǣھڣǧѾ̬ˣǰδɵԣһҪɣ
ϣүүܹȫһѡ
ѾŮĸҵ£ǾԲٶҶˣ
Ѿ֪Ůǧ̵ĹҶҪˣǱɱĻǱ˵ɱţǰߣλŮԻԾǻɢԾ
ǺߣôıŮһ뷽跨ı𣬱֮׷Ҷȥ
ͻȻ䣬¾ͷ֣ǰͨصСýޱȣ
СӶκ̫Σˡ
ңԸ⿴Ůί
ҵĵϵѪʱŮ
תһͨüͷͻһͳҶӰɭɭ˵Сӣ֮ڣףȢҼǧΪޣ
κνڣ
Ϸϸǧ̾ѵǰϰٴΣ֪ǧ̶ǰʦаĽ֮⣬ҲĻ
ǧԸԸ⣬ֻҪ㿪ڣǧ̾һӦ
¿˼һҹĴ𰸡
Ϊǧ̵Ĺϵɱùزøá
ֲԸ⿴ŮΪūΪ澣ȥֻд˲Ҳҽˡ
±Ϊٰãû뵽ǣӦĺʹ죬ޱȵʹ죡
ʹЩĮ
ᣡ
Ȣǰɣ
û⣡
죬Ҿͻף˵ҲǶ˯һŮ˶ѣһˣûʲôˣ
һŮˣҴϣʱô˯ô˯벻˯Ͳ˯Ȣ֮кη
仰ҶӰͻΪӰɢҶȴд˳
ҪƸ񣬶Ĺģǰһһ׼ã鷳
ˣʮ佱գȥˣǰˣͺã
ˣΪ鷳ýܹ붴
Ϊ鷳ͳ붴߶⼸仰µһɰת࣬ת죬һѪͱؿڣһû
һɲǣһ˺Ҷĳ嶯յҵģʵ̫Ƕˣ


1548 ֮
Ҷ汾Ϊʮİ佱ʽۿӦñʱҪٵĶࡣ
ǣȴҶ޵ʮеκһ춼Ҫ࣬˷ϵ¾ۼﵽһ¸ߣͷ
òò˴ĸֳѲԷ⣬лÿһ߶ļµϢ
Ҷ滹ǹսǶףӦóǿˡ
һλ
⡣
Ͼ˾߾۽һ˽ͻԵĺ
ȻӦľ㣬ǿϢԣý̵İ佱ʽ˳ޱȣ
佱ʽʼ֮ǰִٲÆһٿ׻ʮĵһʮԸǵˣԵݣ
ҶȴνҶֻϲʵʵĺô
Ŀ֮£ɽ˺˹ʯϵĺҹ̵ʮ֡
սʮһʤʮ˳޵ĹأӵڶȡʤԭлϵɣҼһڵĻܣȫա
˹أۻõĽɽ̧ͷ˷ڴޱȵĿУ˵ŰƷʯ
˷ƽһ£˻˻˻һƬ
սǶ֪ʯܶ࣬û뵽ȻߴŰƷʯ
Ҫ֪ڴ֮ǰʯҲۻѡ
Ҷ֮ǰõÿעֺ죬һ룬һǧƷʯ
ǾŰƷʯã˵棬ɽ䭵ݸҶһָ
˷ǵĿ⣬ʱͼеöָ棬ߵӣһ˲ͱɺޱȡ
ĿãҶոսӵеĴָѾΡ
ŰƷʯκһ߶ԣһʾ޿ˣ
޵ĹأʮƺߣʱԻһȾĴĵֺɽ䭼˵
Ҷüëһһ˿֮ϲ۽ǡ
û뵽޵ʮõȻǵֺŵģҶ汾ΪǸĻȾĴֺ
û뵽ȻǿԴӵĵֺ
ҶνӵеֺĿˣӵ˽ܵĹģʱ˽ϣҪǿܶࡣ
ңõĵֺõĹͣۺʱεأѽõκһĻᣬһӦĹɽ˵
ߣǣһ£ָ
ѹû뵽ʮȻǵֺŵеĽȾĴ
ѲμκһµľĻᣬʡ϶ٹʯʡ¶ѰȾĴľ
õģ
ѹһұ
ִĴұ
֮ǰľŰƷʯֺŵֵӵ
μһȾĴҲ˽ʡʮƷʯѡ
ʮΣٴǧأ
һȼľĴᣬһ֮ڽʡʯɳһżٷӵλãһ׬ǧƷʯ⡣
ⲻǴұʲô
ǣɽ䭵Ļûнڼ
֮⣬еֺĹͣÿӵһȾȨ
ͬȼ۸ȻþƷ
˷ľٴһƬ
ȾȨһȻֻһΣʵʩǷǳֲġ
ʱھĻϣһЧȻһΣЧһҲˡ
˷ߣҶӶɳѪˡ
ôõ̫ˡ
ŵֺұȣǾŰƷʯѾôˡ
ҶҲ⣬Ϊϲ
ȻҶѾãΪ޵ӣǸɽ䭸ҶǸùڵ˵õĵӣǵݣҪԾߵݲμȾĴᣬҲԸʯܽȥ뾺ġ
ֺŵı˭˭֪
֮⣬Ϊõùͬ࣬ӵвͬۿȨ
˵ɽ䭻һٵڴˣϷĽʮĽǰλʮĽ
ǰλʮ󣬽Це
仰ոأǰΧ˷ǣһɧǧͬʱǩ״޵ĵطһŷ
ʮĺô̫ˣ
κ˵̰
һĻɽ΢Ц
ʮĻ֮󣬴ӽ޵ȶȣԻﵽһȫµĸ߶ȡ
滹Ӱǰ
ڵĻȨڵĻȨһ̶ȵ
Ϊ
ҶȴЩܲô߾Ƕ˵һĶԸĿ⣬ɿޡ
Ѿˣ׼ȥˡ
帣ڣһ鷳
Ϸƺæûʱ㣬Ըȥ¥ѡҪͨסֻһ֣ɽ䭵Ҷ鸮


1549 ѡͨŵķ
룬Ҷֱӱ¥ڵϿȣûлת帣ӡ
Ҫڻ帣ڴŵǧ̵үү£ЩҶͷۡ
֪ôϼһء
Ҷ̬ѾˣҶϼһһʱ˼ϼ޻ļһһ侲̵ܹʱڽһµ׷ֵ
Ҷϼһع鵽¼֮ٸ̸
ȻڲϣòأڲĹأȴޱȵϿ
Ҷɫ˫֮󣬾˳Ľ˸ߴ߲¥
Ҷܹģֻ¥ǰ㣬¥µ˵ڵܹƽģֻǰ㡣
ҶֳָܹɽһɫƣͿԽ¥Ϊʮͨš
¥ĵ߲㣬˵ֻиԳ£ܹ̤¥߲㣬ϰÿڵô󷨡
õ˴󷨣ɽõȵȡ
Ҷ֮ô¥ѡͨΪҶ뷨
ҲҶһ˹ûкɽһԭ
ɽһʱѡͨɽ䭿϶ҶһЩõĽ顣
ҶţɽǾԲģĽ飬Ҳ϶ǷǳпϷǳʵĽ顣
ǣҶѡʺϷͨŵķܲһ㡣
һν¥ҶĿĺȷѡһռŲƻ˲ͨš
˲ͨؼʱ̷ǳĹã֮䣬˲ϢʮǽǱǳĹá
Ҷǰ߽սʱҶǻһռ˲ͨôѹûɽ䭳־ҶĻᡣ
ɽ䭳֣ҶӳİΧȦ֮ززˡ
´ˣ׼ѡһռŲƻ˲ͨţ´˴ҹȥ
ܿģ¥¥¾ʹҶ浽һǺصݵǰ
¥¥пռŲƻ˲ͨʮ֣ѡһ֡
ѡͨӵڵĹƷʯˡ
¥ղصͨţ˵һϡ̶ȣ֮УŵϺŵġ
¥¥ûкʵģȥ¥¥ղصͨŸ࣬ѶҲСҲš
¥¶Ҷǳ飬ĵȴҶѡ
Ҷȴۻһ㣬ǰʮֿռŲͨһһۿԣٶȷǳĿ죬ѹûء
ߵ¥ѡͨطʱޱȵĽǼԣҲ޲һһֵϸо졣
һһϸо˵ͨһи֮󣬾ͻֻתԼʦֻĸ֣׳̶ȺĴС
¥ܸ˲ѡһͨţǶܵٵˡ
߰¥ܶˣټ
ǵҲҶֱֻ˲ӣǰʮйؿռŲƵͨطȫһ飬˵ʮͨԵݵ¥µǰ
´ˣⱾˡ
Ȼ֮ɫ¥ѡͨˡ
ЩʦĸָѾѡͨŵߣҲ¥ϴһĹ򣬽ͬͨżϸоһ֮ͨ󣬲Żߡ
⣬¥»ǵ˵ͷҲûϻҶɫ˫Ҷӡǩ֮󣬾ͽҶѡеͨŵؼ汾Ҷ棬ĿҶ뿪
Ҷ뿪Ϣ¥¾ʹҴ뿪¥ϵɽ
Ӽ¥µĲǱˣɽĿǰִֵ´ʯ
ִ´ˣСӽһ¥ѡռŲͨ˰ӣѡǱжϣٶȣӦ˵ָѡġ¥¥˵
ʯȴǲÿɷֻǳ¥»˻֣סԺֻҪ¥һΣһΣѡ˺ͨţһҪϷˡ
²ֵҲҪѡ˺ͨŸ𣿡
ף
¥뿪Ӱɽִֵ´ʯ˼˼һᣬǾ͸һ˿ޱȵЦ⡣
ʲôѡģô㣬ò˶þϵһ죬ʱ򣬾ԿԸһľϲ
ϷЩڴˡ
ҲǿռŲ˲ͨеһ֣Ϊһ֡
ΪŲƾԶɽֻҪɣ˲Ϣﲻ⡣
̾ڸǿһ˲ϢŲʮΣٶȷǳĿ졣
ȱֻһ˲ͨһ㣬ƿռʱΪÿһʩչʱĵǳĴ޷־á
ȱ㣬㣬㣬ȴ̫ױ˷׺Ųƹ켣ˡ
ΪҪĴŲܻ֮͸ǳ΢һ겨
㣬Ǿ˴ʵսŷֵġ
ܹǰʩչҶ˲Ƴ㣬ֻҪǰǸ㣬Ǻֱ޷
Ȼһ㣬ʯǾԲȥҶģںʵʱ򣬴ʯὫõ¡
ʯ뷨˵ıˣ֪Ҷѡ˲ͨŵı׼Ļ¾Ͳôˡ
ȴʯ¥ȥʱҶ滳Ԫ鰢ѾһƪӸ˲ͨͽҶ鸮֮С
ŷ
ŷ˵ǿ棬˵档
Ĳ˵С֮СΧ֮ڣ֮˲Ϣ˲Ƶٶȣ֮Ҫϼ֡
ҶԸͨͨļԣͬʱԪ鰢һҶ濴ģԪҲˡ
ֻҪܹԪ鰢߻ĳӸͨŵĹҶѡĿꡣ
Ԫ鰢ѡҶѡ񷽷
ҶͨʮƪͨŵļԣֻжʱԪ鰢ͻȻͼʲô
һ·Ҷ潫Ԫ鰢ͨһͨԪ鰢ͽŷ汾͵Ҷ鸮֮С
ףŷʱĵرడҶͻ˵
٣࣬Һ٣ÿһޱȣıҪˡ
Ԫ鰢˵꣬ҶͶݺݵ˵ʲôģ֪ľ͸Ͻ˵Ȼӽٽ̽ˣ
Ϣ֮Ԫ鰢ίޱȵҶ鸮ͽȥƪ̵ķ
֪ģˡӦŷٶȿ˵
ʶ࣡
һ֮վ帣ǰҶ棬һȻ̤帣ڡ
ҶģǸϼһ̯Ƶʱˡ
ҶŶʱȴüվͥԺм䡣
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷͱޱȣǻ̳һߣ


1550 Ƹ
ǰϿǺǿǺõĻ鷳һ
ɵʯһеĵطֻҪʱҾܹȢһȫźãҪһϹʱڵĹŷʢҲûκ⡣
ңԲᵢ붴ļʱ
˵꣬ҶζһЦ߽Ըľңֻ뷢ҧгݣ޲˺Ҷ档
ľ깦ٻŪĵıѾϰٴˣԣһ壬Ҳġ
ǵĸµ귨ţƭ۾ƭ꣬һԸ䣬һִһˣԶҲ޷ı䡣
ܹնȴִĵִģֻԼ
¿϶ΪĿǰǧ˼ᶨԴھǰ֮ɵִ
ִִǧ̵үүҲֻܿźȴΪ
ҹһҹҶȥһʱ䣬Ŭ֮һ㡣
ҲǿѹõȢǧ£ʵûκġ
ǧĿǰǰʦҶ治ϧ޵̬ȣ̷ѹҪŮǧôֻҪһ
ǵӦҪȢǧ̣ҲǶһͷһݡ
ֻҪһ仰Ҫǧ̸ʲô͸ʲô
֮ǿѹͷİ취Ȼһʱˬˣ뿪߿ʱ򣬵ͿʮٱĽֱǧһ
ңٴίǧҲԲ˵
ºȻףڸŮǧ鷳
㲻ɱ˵ôԽܻؼڣһȦǣûհ
ǰеģһͨޱȣΪҲѹֱ粻ո߽ĵǷࡣ
һٴγֲʧֵĻΪҪɱŮǧ̣ͻ׾ѡ
ִ⣬һײ϶ġ
ʵϣҶոմǰ߹ģ治һ̫ıԴɵӰ
Ҷ°
ҶҲϲԸİΣѵУ
£Ҷ泹Ԫ鰢ĻǵǿߣҲ޷̫ıԴɵĻ
ǧ͸߹Ҷ棬үү£İǰ̤ˡ
ʵϣԪ鰢˵ĵǿߣѹҪ̫ıԴһ̫Ϳԡ
Ҷ滹ǹִĶ˱ͷ˿Ҫϸһ̫ıԴݰ˵ڣ̫ıԴɽ纣档
ҶͶݵ帣·ǧҲ֮УȻҶӲڳһʮ׼ľҡ
ͨͨҽȴ֮Ҷ͵ʯ֮У׼ĺ塣
Ҷ㣬߲ߣ뿪ɵ֮ǰ˱Ҫ֮⣬Ҷһֱصʯ֮С
ҶǵӰ帣ӵľڣһרעģ
ȡǸƵԡͰһͰͰޱıѪ㵹ȥҶٴɢŰѪ֮Уǳ鴤ŵʼ塣
ĿǰҶķһǺ壬һǵǧ̵ٻͨһǸոյֵ˲ͨŷ
ͨУһȵҶս
оŷٶӦģļĵرûҵĴҶŵ
ٻͨͺٶȶ࣬ҶеԱѪٻͨҶ̫ıԴֻҪǱͨٶȶܿ졣
Ҷ滹ǽŵ˵һλΪԽҶķɱɱ
ֻҪǱùıΧ͵Ϯشꡢ޷֮±˿ԴͿԽǺ鱦һʹá
ˣĻָٶҲƻָʱɱ̡
ֻҪҶ潫أǽǿߵĹҶҲӲˡ
ҶڵصƤÿһε˺ϣҶĺ徫һ֡
帣Ժڵ£ȴޱȿƵԺڵ£ǹ죬ûҵԸŮȳຣİ취
ͻȻ䣬һֵĳüһĿͶҶľ֮УУһ˿ȻС鷳ˡ
µǣͳһ˿ڴ
һΪ΢Ŀռ䲨Ҷľ֮УһӰһɲǼм˳˲Ϣͼҡ
ֲܿޱȵľеĵȫھ֮ڣľмûеһ飬ʾޱǿʵ
ֲĽߵϢɲǣǼҵĵ⣬ѾھҶʳ˷顣
׼ȷ˵ǽʳޣһѪⶼûбֳ
ڴһĻ£ݺݵһӣС̫ƻˣȻǻӰ
ɱһɫؾ䡣
ޱȵбһռ䲨Ȼɱʧܣ˵Է׼뿪õѡ
ڴͬʱһɫϢĺǿߵԺͬһɲǣСèͷ˻ȥ
Ȼǧ̵ɫֻǿôһɲǣ鸮ѵľʹлָʱȡѾҧ˾ſſֲޱȵĶͷ̵ȡľѪ
һѪڿɾ˺ҧĲӣֻ·ɽһصĳźɫ·Ļצ޹һؿڿ鳡
ÿһ£ҪһѪ
ҽгԴͱǸѪڵϻȥ
ĻԴ۾ӡ˽ȥǧһ䣬˳
Ϊʹ˿ӳ죬û뵽һޱۻͲıһƴСѪɫС֮С
ڱսѪ֮ǰǿޱȵĲҽ
̰˰ֻ뿿Ϊɱ˵ȻһʿܸߴǧƷʯĲƸ
һǧвԲȶܲһʾ޿
Ҷ˵Ҷһ¶ֲٵӰֵľҵʱҶħ˧еսѪո̿͵ꡣ
ǿߵ갡սѪǴ󲹡
СèͷͺŶһֻͭľֻޱȵĶĶһ
ܼ򵥣̿͵ʬ壬СèֻһԴͲˡ
һôܳԵþأ
״Ҷû˾ͷһţСèͻһ𣬿ʼӻצʾԸϴĵλ
ͷƲƲ죬ӣʼľ׽ȥʳ
ǿѪ⣬нͷǿֻȱһĴζ
µЩԾû뵽Ҷ治׼ʰһڵǿߣҲͬвһ㣬ȻǴ󲿷Ůǧ̵Ĺ͡
ЩңһˣҪǻѹƲǰ쵰
쵰ΪߣսһŮֻֻҪһսƣ۷ǿߣҲҪ
ҶȡʮĽʱ򣬿˷һɵĺķϵӣҶҪϲв⣬ôҶǰ뱲ӾͰ׻ˡ
Ƹۣգ
ˣЩҶĽǿߣɲΪա
Űɣδ죬ղļһǻܶ࡭Ҷָһ·ŵǸɱĽӣȴҲκβ
ǽڵǿߣɱʱѪСèͷĸɸɾ
ţҪ⣬Ǿ۷ǿߣԱΪϡ
û˵꣬ҶͻȻͿԺڿߵ£Ǿſһ˿Цݡ
ͻȻ䣬ͷವģһֲõԤС
һɲǣ¾ͿҶָйһƬ⣬Ůǧ̾ע£Ӱһ֮󣬱˵ģվһ

¾ֵǣΪȻ޷ͨϢֱһıŮǧ̣һǵ
һЦĿ⿴һһļ򣬾ƾʧˡ
ԭǸϥ˷ŵ޵ĵӰλϡ
һµĽŵװֱš
Ѿ֪˿Цݵ˼ˡ
ý룬Ҳ֪ھյеģ϶Ůǧ̣
Ǹӣ·ŭĿѲҪҵǸ졣
ϧǣһʧһɲǣͲ뿪ԺӰ벽
ºļڣԺڻᷢʲô顣
һαһǿĸƵʴɱ٣
ҪǴĿܾıŮˣ
һǧƷʯһǿ߶пĶĲƸ
ǿûһǧƷʯľ޿ġ


1551 ῵ı
ڣһȴûع󲨶⣬ñة۾
ڣֱܹһһصع󣬶κһ־ѶҪȨߵ
ӵȨĴڣֻһλǾϴ
»ˣ
΢΢˹ûţҲûκΰţźŮûаŹȥǼϼ
̫˽λϴӣҲһϸĻš
ԣǱֵ»Ҳλε¡
̫̫ƨĵϲļһˣһҪִֻߡ
Ҫةʲôֻ´ֱӵ
ܹٵı£ֻȺԲţֻĵִؼȮ
һ»ȴЩ֣
죡
½ԸĹ޹죬ûκ´ʲôûаš
ة࣬ڣû֪»ˡ
飬ЩǱѰǹȴʣҲܶһ֣¼ȻԸź򡢲Ըñ֪µɡ
õķǱ״
ʱһ£ŵةﾫ͵һֱӣͷ·δ˯һ㡣
ر£ѾѶȥ̫ӵ°ʱ֮󣬾ͻͨϹŲĺͥص˱֮ةﵽ޹ǰص
ῶ޹ڡͳة΢΢һ䡣
ԹɫѾӱָƣУȻɢż־ɥʹε
ڹӰУһֻЩ۵ĶͽϣôܳԼϣ
ﲻ֪Լϵ׷ʲôʣʲôҲʣ͹ԹԵܵ˱ڵϹŲڵȺ̫Ӽݵ
Ⱥʱ򣬱ةȴûţַѶλͬһЩɵ⡣
ԼλˮһǸˮĳĳˮ͵ﵽˣ֪ͨǹȡ
ֱ磬ı߳һɢˮĳλˮѲʱ˳ʰһѡ
Щ⣬ҳһ㣬ȴةҪĴ𰸡
һޱȾ˵Ĵ𰸡ǰɵĸ뾫Ӣˮһûл
ˣЩˣȴһûл⵱д壬һ£Ҫһս
ʱķɿ죬ҶĽͷöı̫ӰΰѾûյɷ촽һ𺡣
ң
ة֪࣬һεûУ̫ӰῴСڹźͱ³ɳģ֮Ϥޱȡ
ϳҲ³֣Ӧòʧ֡ǫı顣
ȴǰ̾˿̣Ѿ϶һǰԸǸҶʮа˾ʧˣ
Ҽпʧأ
ῶ˾ԼɣةԱɣЩҪῶ˵޹ڴ˱û¶档
ǣϳ
˹ŵة뿪޹ȥ֨һӦ̫Ӱ̤޹
㡭
̫Ӱ῾ةϸ޹ĴžѸ׵ĹޱȷһػĻһ붯
ػıڹӰУ޹ػĻӦǵһɣ
һһ˵ͷԺиֳةȴûһ㣬ּ
޹ڣ̫ӰޱȵĿűΪ𾪶ŵͣȥһͷţ
㡭ôʲôˣȻܹʧȥѹݺᱱĸǰ»ҰһĴڣ
˭ǸҶģΪΪ˽ֶ֮ڱӵļƣΧ֮£ʧȴ˵
ǡǸȥЩأ׷ʵ
ȫûĸ֡
̫Ӱ῵ɫرޱȵأЩȫλģȻȫ̸ֽǶһЩġ
ʧȥôţʧȥϢȥǻ⣬ˡʣµĻ̫ӰѾ˵ˡ
ʨʧȥצܿͻᱻµʨȡ
ǱϢ̫Ӱ˵
𣿡
ԪСϣȴįò˶ãľӢŸûһϢͻᴫ
ң㸸ܹһֱҲ¶棬һ꣬ͻҥǱ㸲ڼЦ
̫Ӱ῵ɫرòҰס
Ϊе̫ӣѾʶ뢴ֻҪһôǵһУҲ֮ɢ
Ƹ䵽У˸ԣūͱʹŮˣҲҪ˰ռŪ
һ̨˵Щǧĵ檣ԸҲѱ
£̫Ӱ῾ǺãһӵѪϵܽһ
ǰȷʵΪһӵѪпĿ˹һۣΪ˲ˣΪѾ˼ҹ
ԣ̫Ӱæʵ뵽İ취
صĵ˵ͷ뵽ˣ
˵ֵʱ򣬱ԪⷢĺͻȻޱȵĳأҰһҵĴϢ
ԪССӣرޱȵ
ν˵ȴûвֱ仯
ȴҪῶһ¡
˵ΪǱΪ˸һӴƴĻҵӾǷҲϧ
ԣԪǸһ˿Цݣһ˵ǣǵڣΪֻǽ㡭һã


1552 ðײ
ῶҪָҪ֡͹ҶǸɱǧģ
ǱƵزƵΪòԪûУ߬ŸոմӰԴог꣬һӣŤˡ
ΪҪΪʧȴϢһͻһΪĴλ
ûΪ㲻˶ã³ҲüΪң
Ϊģˮ̫ԶǶǵΪΪսȵĵ䡣
ֻῶΪͬһԴֻҪΪõͿ̵ʱڻָʵ
ʱΪһĻҵҲԱ檡ƸҲᱣɻٻ󣡡
Ϊʵ׻ָ֮ΪͻһޱȺĹƸˣӦоУ
ΪһжΪҡ
ΪһǸҶģޡ
ǽһ㣬ΪԼΪһ㣬һԵĽЩűеĶ֮󣬱оɶˡ
еİ῵꣬ŭ˵Ҳʳӣǣ𲻳һ֡
Űɣһܿġ˵꣬ͽӰ῵ǿзӡһɢϢ֮С
󣬾ͽӡ׶ӽڵСĽڣںʱȡǾͿԺˡ
ҲԶȡ
£Ӧþ͵ûзһ㣬ûз
һɲǣԪ黯һ⣬˽Ӱ῵֮С
Ϣ֮󣬰Ώ۾ȻޱȵĻָȱͬһԴѪҪںϣҲҪһʱ䡣
ţһ仰ûж԰˵ǾͬһԴİϸᣬôСĿܣ
󣬵޹Ĵٴζһɲǣһֱڰŵةվ𣬷·һĹ˹ȥ
ڱ̤޹ɲǣةͳ˱Ľ¡
̫࣬Ӱ´չؿްԲ޹ɣڵ̣ȫΪҶؽڣ
ǣϳ
⣬ˮͳ˧˧ʮ֮ϵְ󣡡
ǣϳϾȥ졣
Ͷûʲôһ£ʵ
ةӲĳ鶯һ£ر£û̫ı仯о񣬷չóΪֹĴѾ򣬾ߴʮ򡣡
Ҳ㲻ʲôܹעĶ̬һ˿һĺԡЦأ
Щ鷳ةɿ̧ͷһ۱죬չɶеķӣפУ̺Ѿڳｨ֮С
ͬʱѾöе졣
ʲô
߶һ̤ɱѩʯĥɵķשķѣþȻи㵽һ𡭡
û˵꣬ͷһʹķƵĸо
֮ԱٵõɽҶ滹һظ͵Ϯԭ
ôи㵽һ𣬲ϡ档
ȻפˣǾʱҪУйעɣε
þȫʢʱڶǣ˵ˡ
ǣϳ
ڸˮͳ˧֮ǰҪű仰ٴתص޹֮С
Ҫʱ׵ںϵӰ῵ҪʱָʵϾӵﲻ
Ŀűת޹֮ةٴƵĻεԼֵصĴϴŵһ̣ةָѾĲԼ
ζ
ڱϣᵽ̫˰῵ζ˵еഺϢ
Сָĳĳָף
̫Ӱ῵İãûְá
žةϣƴĽֲ뷨ϳԺ飬һҲ֪һ㶼롭

ǧ̣Ҫ֪С㣬ǣӦЩǰɱ޶ʯߣ
ˣѾɵʮλɱߣΪǿģߴ۷壡
ҪϷ֣ˣһ㶼ں帣ڣĵȰǧ̡
үүʵ뿪ģ
ǧ̳Ĭ˰Σ˵һ佫ı׵Ļ
뿪
үүҪ뿪ͱ⽬ˣҸ뿪𣿰ǧ̣ôô벻أ
ģүү뿪ˣʦҲܹӦһΣգǧޱȵš
ۼ֤Ҷսôǿߡ󻹷ɱĳġ
ˣȰüͷһ͵ŭһһۻޱȵɫ⾶ֱ˷ڵĳ
һӰոմжݳͱǵۻޱȵɫУ·һֱͦͦĵڵء
ٴγ֣Сè;ͷѾ˻ȥܵشĽ˲ʬ
ѪݳĲлٴʧ
ĿһĻٿɵ·նһǧ̣ͷֻʣΡ
Ǵ
ʱ䣬̳ԽǿʬΪһأͷΪͨһؿ쭵ͨء
ÿĽǿСèΪҲͻƵͨ񾳶ء
ָò
ÿһλնɱĴɱߴָᱻŮǧ̸ռ
үүƤٺҲ˼ŮսƷɣ
ӣǡ޳ܣ֣Ѿ벻ʲôһˡ
صʯڣҶȴЩӳһָ
Ȼ˵ջ˳ʮλǿߵĴָջ񲢲
ǿߣ磬һɹͻὫԸĴ󲿷ֲƻƵ֮Уǽȫĵط
ǣǵĽҲͱˣߵĸղҲ֮Ϊޡ
ǵΪ̤ĽſܳȶõĴڡ
ȻǵԸóҲʧһܵİ취һֱûǸᡣ
ˣѾˣڳ̺̻ôĵǿߣʮλǿߣѾ뿪ˣѾԶɵ֮ⳬһʱˣӦԶˡҶĶ
ԣҶȴЦԭʱڣ޷ڶţû뵽ȴһѵǿţðײð
Ц䣬һӰҶڷֳϢ֮󣬾ͳ帣ͬµ
һ֣ѹǻӰͷŭ˹ȥúúõĳһڶ
һɲǣҶ˵һ仰µ˶ͣҶӰһ紦


1553 һ
ǰҪǸһҷھǧ̻ҵģȥɵ⺣һ⡣
ҶһɲǣµİƣͣҶӰϷһ紦ո³·ˮһ˻ȥ
µ˫Ŀзŭֱһӽŵֱš

̫ˣ
Ҷ˵¶Ůǧ̻ģȥɵ⺣һΡ
ɵϣǿ߾ɱٵȴù˼ɵɵĹء
ҲֻЩӵӰȥֶͨεǿߣŸɵ͵͵ɱ
ǵҹȻɵ⺣¹ƣǧûκǧҲкܴĿܡ
ңŴٵ֡
˵ıˣͬһھ̰ƴǧңֻĽʲô⡣
һһҹ֮ɻǧҵˣȴޱȵļʣֻҪлᣬ˶ҧһڡ
£ǵǿߣҪǧֵΧ±ԼŮˣǵôһʺš
СӣСС˼㶾СزջӡɭУдŭ
ҾҪ֣˼һô󣬿ɵõıа
Ҷһ䣬ͽʬҪǱ˸ϵô˵Ͱ˸˺ˡ
֮£·ŭıͷ
ǰҴǧ̰һ£ҶһЦЦ˵
һʱ䣬¾ԸĶ䣬ˣһΣϷǲĵġ
ǣеѡ𣿡
ȥȥҶҪȥģȻСеҪõǧٲõġ˵꣬Ҷǧ̵һͷ߾ԹԵĸҶ
үүģʦ£һжǼΪ׵ġ·µʱǧ̻οһ䡣
ż뿪ĵǧ̵ıӰ³̾һȵվסϷˣ
γ֪ǼзִģЩ죬ܹɵ򵽵йص鱨ѾȫԺ֮С
һ֣ǻ˼ļǮ򵽵ģǸ̫úȫûʮλֵ鱨ҲͨһЩˡ
Ȼ֪¶ı󶯣ǣжڵ衣
ÿһжżΣԣһŴп䡣
ҶģҲԸģԸŮġ
֮ٴüͷ̺ţǸʲô̺űˣɲ򵥡
ǣǸһһδͣң帣ӵĻƣѾˡ
ңˣҪġȻǰ㣬СǾԲȥʱԸ̺ŵģ֪֮СӻмֵģҶ˵
һҶûᣬǰҶյԶеĽ棬һλյڳյˣ̺ŵĵϸ
ǳձսϱĻǾ޷ֵġ
յǸǡǡԳ̺ţܹס
ȴǴŭô˵СӴһʼϷϷ򣿡
ðײã
㡭
ŭһµĿͻȻǶһ㶢Ҷ棬Сӣ²̫
Ϸ֮ԱãΪϷ۰ǧ̣ˣҪһζǧ̵İΣ£Ϸ򲻽˳ֳ׵ĽǧһӶΪ㸴УҲܱȱʬҰҪã
ĳ£һзִ硣Ҷ˵
һΣʵ
ԣҶЦˣһΡ
ǧĿǰϷҲ㲻ǧ̵ӣҸȻҪǰԣߣϷҲ޷赲
ǧĻȢҲˣϷҲˡϷֻϣӽٲҪǧ̵İΣ¡
ǧ̵İΣ£ϷҲǲٳˡ
һǧ̳ˣСӣҲһ仰һһٵĶҶ۾˵ġ
Ҷ֪
Ҳҵģǧĳ£һһʱҸ˷ֵĽ䣬ҶЦ
͵Źһӣֱ
һҶһЦֻһЦһЦ
ַʽ˻ЭһΣ
СӣȻĿǳ̺ŵĴܹܽԣӦһƻɣ
ò˵Ƿǳҵģոմ˽ףͿʼҶıƻ֮С
ǸԣӦǰ벽ĴˣϷԳ֣Ҳ޷ڶʱ˵̺ڻгʮλڵǿߣʮλʵڵǿߡ˵
ǰǸԣҪʱ䣿Ҷʵ
ԣϷǸԣҪʮϢϵʱ䣬⻹㳤ֵ̺ĸš
ֲεĸ֣϶δ¶ɱУҪϷƣϷޱǸԣҲҪʮϢҵʱ䡣
ңĶܴ󣬺ܴ󣡡
ĿƵĶҶ棬ȴǲôʱ䣬ڱ̺ŵİȫϣǳľ
ϷƣֻҪϷϢ׵ıõǼϲģ¶Ϣ֮ڸϹʱ򣬱˵㣬ϷҪߡ
ԣûһļƻϷûǴͷΪȱϷ֣ɹĿҲ޽ӽ㡣
ԣҶȴ·Ѫһ촽Ҫһᣡ
ҪҴһֵĻᡣ
µüͷȴϷûɣ֣սϷ㴴һֵĻ᣿
ȷʵˣҶ֣صĵ˵ͷңӦǺʵġ
ޣ
¶֮ɫļƻ˵˵ҪϷ㴴һʲôĻ᣿
ϢǸԷϢҴһ͵ϮĻᡣҶգһ۾Ҿͨǰһ㣬ӦÿԺװɣ
͵Ϯԣµüͷٴ֪СӵֶΣа׻𣬶ޱȵİԵЩֶΣȴ޷һλһλ۷ǿһ
˶
Ϸף͵Ϯк壿
ҶǸһţк壬ǰʱ֪ˡ
ǰҲ˵£һǼзִġӦòִ˰ɣҶ˵
£¸ˣʵ벻ͨҪһ͵ϮĻᣬʲôã
ǿģĲţ
ðɣϷ֤㴴ٰϢ͵ϮᣬԲᳬһϢϡ˵⣬̺֣Ҳ԰Ӱ쵽ǣΪͬһϢʮϢʱ䡣
ǾûˣҶˬĴһָҵָλãǰͿԳˣʩɹ֮ǰֻҪȳ֣֡Ϳˣ
ԣ¾ǿ׳һҶڳ̺֣ô
һġ˵䣬ҶӰʹɢȥ


1554 
ɵ̺¥Ժһ侲ڣ̺ŴܹܽԿŸոյһһѶһ
ǳ̺űĶҵͨѶŲģߵݺ٣ֻһ仰ȥˡ
ѶԶԶڶѲʹŴģѲʹĶ飬ȷʵԶˡ
ѾԶɵʮˣûκμٺͻתļ
Ϣýǿŵڷ
Դձô£ó̺ſǧƷʯ֮һǾûգһۣÿ춼ĵ
Ȼ˵߶ԣʮ첻߲ҲԳŵȥģͷƣȴһһۻ
ȻȫƵϸϣңɲǺúŪģΪרѲʹ¡
ɺ޵ǣΪǱʿգѾϸĲƸеҡֵܱıͳͳˡ
ΪλѲʹθڣΪ˽Ѳʹһź⣬ǳԴöȣƸˣõȫġ
Щ־ծÿߴٷ֮ĸϢƷʯһٶʮ飬ǽѲʹһ˴ߡ
⻹ûдϲΥ֮ٵ¡
ⲻһҹصǰǷһƨծ뻹ʹŸϢծһĹҪ׸ˡ
ڷϣɲҶˡ
ڿǣҪҪװ磬ȥɵ⺣ɵʿأ
Ȼѣǣؿǹȥˡ
һɵͬʱԾҧг
ģ޲ýҶһ㡣
˵յҵģһֻܹɵҵʲôնͲˡ
ϴ´ˣһΣϷҪúðţѷɣȻԸ͡ţԾЦ
ЦУԴһĹǷģ񾭽ʮ첻߲ݣǿҲƣޱȣúõ˯һ
ۣҪ˯ҲҪþܰĵ˯¡
ؿڣһֻȺޱȵĹʹӽԵĻзɳɵ˽ԵĴϷֻ֮ȺӣһעŽʮ׵ķΧ
ǽԵһĵúϰߣԾģˣЩ޸ֵΡ
󣬽ֲؾ󷨣ű۾þ
ڳ̺ŵصѾĵȴ˰ӵҶ棬˯ȥĽԣ
µֶһʩչ˯ŵĽӰ
䣬ǧ̣֪ͨүү֡Ҷڳ̺ŵĵصףǲ÷ѶͨѶֶεġ
ôֱ츳ͨ££ܱͱ⣬ƣ֪ԽԽá
е£ڵõǧ̵֪֮ͨ󣬺ٺһЦָϺضһһԽʺһȣۺĴߺɫߣȿȥ졣
ϢǽӰ֮ӽ볤̺ŵΧԺǽס볤̺һҹ׮׵ʱеȣĵһ¡
һѼķɫ̲ͷɿҹ׮ܿҹ׮
ֵҹ׮ζһ壬ȻץһԸ塣
ҹˣǰ˯ǸͷƤ̫ˣֱܹˮ
ͷһʱǷԭֻŵһֵֵ֮󣬺úõȥǸͷˬһѡ
û뵽ǳˮһӿĻյʱ⣬ζˬ죬Ұͣıӣ˫ֶһ
·Ǹͷϸһ㡣
Ѽķɫ̲Ҳһɲǣ̺ţΪһߣֱӳյĻ֮УΪһߣѾ̬֡
ԵԷ֮Уɫ̲ӹֻ˫ȺĹֻһ˲ϢǾͱסצľӳ鴤֮ɫ
ߣ޸ܵ깥Ӱ졣
ڴŹĳ̺ŴܹܽԶһȴ֪һΡ
Уžź򶫼ҵǸǵںأˬһͿζ顣
֣
ͳ̴ٵڣ¿зֵɲǣ»Ŀ˷һۣ벻ͨҶڳ̺ڲģ
˿̣̺ŵĴܼҽɳ֮УֻѾجˡ
ŶҵˬĲҪҪĴܹܽԣ۽ͻȻһȻֶͻȻһԣŭһǼ̵ıӳʱŵĻɢ
͵شһ飬˹
۾ɲǣͿҶ棬ӦǵһЦЦˮɲ
ô
ܵģ۾Ϊ⻹Σ

ΪϽҲҲûеǰġ
ǸΣˬЦţҶݺݵĳ˽һơ
ž
ʹĸоϴʱý¶˼һ㾪顣
ⲻΣ
ģ
ܵģԾʹ߶Ҷ档
ãһŵĻɢ
᲻κ
ô߶᲻һ˿һ
ͷȥʱ򣬽Զͷ亹͹£Ľϡͳɫһļ̣Ƥڡ
Ϸŵξһ룬ʱͻȻˡ
ξнͻȻѵĶҳǼ̵ıӣǱӣЩ
ԾɵҲ֪Ҷĵһޣо͸һ˿ʹࡣ
ֻϰѪѾһֻϻеͣ
ҵξֽţӦûֿӰϷξͨŰɣʲôİ֣벽ǵٷӦİ׻ˡ
û뵽нɣҶ治ʣһЦˣ±вҲ±˵ǣԣֻΪǿˣ
˵ɣҪʲôôܷˡ
㣿ҶٴЦΣ
һɲǣҶͳɣַֽһй˽Եϡ
Ϣ֮󣬻ľһ̲һĽԣҶװ޴֮С
Ҷͳ˵֮У˲ϢʧӰ١
ʱ򣬳̺ڵЩƹĺǣΪߵģŷ׷״ѹ
һŻԸ͵壬Цô˰Ҫúõйˡ
ЩΪһƹһ֮ѹ֪ǵĳ̺ŵĴܹܣѾϢˡ
ˣϢ֮󣬿Ҷæʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ɱˣٴʵ
ûأءҶԸ޴
ܣ
ôܣµ۾͵صɴ


1555 
Сӣ˵˵㵽ôԵģһɾֻһ֮ңˣϷǵֶȻܹӰһϢϢģ޷
ת帣֮󣬿Ҷ޴ڷųĽԣΧҶ࣬ץ
ǣҶЦ
ָЫ涾벽ǿ߶ܷŵ涾ҶΣǲᱩ¶ġ
Ҷ治˵Ҳû취ֻܸż
Ҷ濴ŽԣȴЩź
źСڳ˯ûСƾС츳ͨԣҶΪܹһأ
ڣֻ˷ˡ
ԴˣȻˣҶɱɡ
ǣԿƽԣýԱϳǽļһߣǼֱһʱը
λȨءóıļһҪԶֻ֣ҪųһϢͿԽҶӡ
Ȼһսޱȵ۲ûκշĿܣһ㣬Ҷ
Ҷ֮ûнնɱ˻ٴãǿǵһ¡
ҶĿ⿴˼£ǰм£Ҫæ
Ҷ治ڻãһڣ𰸶õϾˣ֪ҪϷæˣϷǸģɣ
ն˵
治
治ҪǸϷҪʲô벽ĽԵģϷͰ㣡¾
Ҫ֪򵥰öʹʹ˵꣬Ҷһƣǰڸˡ
㡭
ſڽ֮࣬˫Ŀٴ֣˵̫죬ֱС˿ӣֱСӿˡ
ⷽҲ̫˰ɣϷҪġˣ
ǰɷһԾŶҪ˵㻰СҲѧ˵ˡ
˵꣬ҶĿǧһۣ˼ײҪǸˣǰߵԼҲϡ
ҿݺݵӣ˵ɣҪϷΰ㣿
ǰ֮ǰ֮ûɱԣҪǵԪ֮леǿߵԪػ
ΪԵǿߵԪػΪһԵԪߣǾ鷳ˣ֪ǰûжԸԪػ
Ҷ֮ǰûɱնɱԵԭԪػĿҶǳ˺üˣ
ԼȻܹ̺ɵĶеķֺŴܹܣλҪԲԶ
ôԪ鱻ǿ߼ӳԪػĸʾͷǳ
ǿ߼ӳֵԪػֻܵǿ߲ƿҲҶѡµ֮ʶԸԵԭ
ҶĿǰ鷳Ѿˣɲٶһʵۺĳ̺ŵĶҡ
Ըǿ߼ӳֵԪػԸʵ
ԸǰָҶʵ
ͻ⣬ǰ߼򵥣Ԫһ𣬺߾ͺЩ鷳ˣûʲôĻϷ飬Ǳĺá˵
ǿѹֽĸսʹõĳ嶯Ҷݵ˵ͷ𣡡
ԣ΢΢˵ͷǻ裬ǰǶȡġ
£ĸֵĽԣ۾͵صɴ󣬷
Ϊܹãܻ̺ôԲɱ
Ҫɱɱˡ
ȻܣһֱеףҲôż
һҶǰŽԪ鱩漱ˡ
Ԫ鱻Ǿǻɢ˰
ϧǣָЫҲ᲻һ˿һ˵ԻĹؽڣȫжˡ
ŽǰĿ⣬Ҷûκεԥһ鵶ն£ԵԴʹ˷
һֵС˶ʹӽԵԴжݳҶȴǿҲһа׺¡
ԵԪ鷢˾ֵļ־ģҶаףҶԵָ䵴ķ·һĻ⡣
ɢĵǿϢ֡
а׺µɲǣԵԪģһļޱȵĵϢϢɲǣһһƬһĻ⣬ͽɢŵϢԪ˽ȥ
ߣҲϷǰЦһķ·һ۽Ƭơ
ϷҲԵԪֻüޱȵļͳ׻ޡ
ûǸġָɿ·һɳһ㣬ָƮ·ɳһؼ䡣
ҶԸСèͷ͵ͺһȥ
ͬʱĳСĲطһλߣͻȻ۾Ⱪ֮ʣСĵˮʱͱñޱȡ
֣ͬϷµԪػ˼˼
ǧ꣬Ҫ㲨𣿡
Ϸį̫˰
̾Уһʹָɳ˲Ϣƿգһûʵĸۡ
Ϣ֮ϰٵӰʹӸۡзɳʮޱȵŲ󷨲ͬʱ
ʱ֮ããϼԦһ۸ٷеĶ飬͵һͣȻͷԱ֮ǰ뿪ʱٶȣɵķ
û뵽벽ĴܹܣȻĸؤһ㡭һͨԵĴָҶεĿЦ
ȻҶҲ¿֪ôˣǱˡ
ӽԵԪջƷ£ȴûһ㣬ƷսԸС
Сӣŵֺ֮⣬ԴˣϷҪһ
ңֻҪǧ̸һ죬ֻҪҪԶһ帣ڣ¸ҶһСС
ҶЩ棬ǰҵʵɵȾĴϣӦûһ̶ϯλɣ
Сӣˡ΢΢һ̾ɵȾĴᣬ̽ʢ֮һ࣬ɵȾĴᣬһֻǧϯλֺһٸֺİٸ
ҲǴоԶļ壬޷ɵͳһŵֺŵϯλ
Ҫμӣǰ˹ϯλʱŪЩ鷳һΣСӼˡ
˵ţһۣôţ㻹𣿡
⣬⣡ҶͷĸСһ㡣
һλǿ߲ôһٸһǧš
ͬʱҶ¾ͽĿ⿴˳̺ŵķ
̺ŵķӦν죬ʱ̺ը˴Ŀޱȵ⡣
ǻɫģȻǺɫģѪһȺ⡣
ΣյʾѶ
˲Ϣ䣬ɵǱȼһ㣬һ˷𣬵˳̺ŵķһʱ䣬ݺᡣ
ͻȻ䣬ɫһ䣬ţи߹ˣϷȱһܡСһ㡣
仰µƾʧ
µʧɲǣһ;ֱҶԺڣ


1556 н
Ҷ£ǲɵģɽ䭸ո帣ӣͷĳҶôһ䡣
ҶҲûϵ̺·֮ɽ䭵һɵˣȻ
Ҳˣ볤̺ŵĴܹܺӽԶıȽϺݵģҲֻҶˡ
Ҷ潫ͷҡĲ˹ƵģζɵǸԣǼһһֱڴҵ⣬ϧǣûǸ
治ǣ䭻Щɡ
Ҳ̫߿˰ɣҶЦ
ԣ䭳̾һʵ̫鷳ˡɵϣ˸ֲϡ棬ÿ춼Уܶһ̺ŵĴܹܣЩ鷳ˣɵӰ첻С
˵ٴοҶ棬ҶӦûûʰɾβɣ£ҪǱˣĺ鷳Ҳѹס
Ҷ˵ûеʱ򣬻Ȼ򣬰ǸϺ꣬⻹Ļ
թңϣ治ңôͲأҶ˵
ҶϣҲһ˿֮ɫŵͷɵģǾá
ڶ֮ĶԹȻ֪˲࣬Ҳкüλ⼸죬͵һãҪ̫ע⡣
Ҫ֪Щʱ򣬰ǲҪ֤ݺɵġ䭽
仰䭲żҴҵ뿪帣ӣ˳̺ŵķµϢĳҶ󣬿Ҷ۾
СӣҶһܱǸһΪķţزһСôֵķš
ֻдܵ۹뷷ľλŻᱻϿɰɣ
Сӻһݰ
С˺޵Ľɫر޸༸Σͱ̵ͷӶʣ˰ɣҶ̹Ȼϡ
㲻Ϸ򣿡ʵ
Ŀǰ롣Ҷ˵
촽Ҷϰ֮󣬺عЦ˹ˣһʱ䣬ϷΪοԽԽ˳ˣ
СӣҪϷᣬϷŮΣЦʵ
ðֻҪǰڣСӣʲôƸ񡢼Ȣǣ鷿Сʱھܹ׼ã붴ҶͬЦ
µһͶغˡ
⼸죬СɻûӰھͲǧˣǧ̺ա
ҶʧɲǣҲºںڵ΢΢һɣСеġҶһ仰¾Цˡ
ȴҪͷǰػҵĻӰһǧǣ졣
Ϣ֮³̾һǷֳһɢҶľ˷

˲ʱ䣬̺ŵĴܹر°һ£͵ó˽ۡ
̺ڵˣһλͨطǿӰˣΪߵģ˰ʮϢΣΪ͵Ǽλ޷԰Ρ
ɱǳʱǱ˳̺ˣϢ°˳̺ŵĴܹܽԡ
ǣԵΪֻһ֮ң˰͵ϮҲ޷ϢĴߡ
ֵĴسԳ棬볤̺ܲһɸ󣬵óĽǡеǿ֣߳Ҳֹһλ
λǿ߿Գ̺ŵĴܹ֣ܳѰ˼ˡ
ܿģ˽ԭ˳̺ϣǳ̺ŵĶͷɵġ
̺ž꣬ѡˡԹѹ޷㣬ֿԣҲǺܴġ
ɵĵϳ顣
գɵóһЩô糤ֿ̺𣬴ֻĽ۷õȵʮ룬²ƽϢ̺ſʼתڲ顣
¶ɵӰ첢ûսᣬ෴Ÿոտʼ
ɵֵصѲӵֱһ˵ֵصĽǿĿֱ
಻ﶥļһﱻ׽˲٣ɵϵķΪ֮һ
ɵȾĴὫ۽ԽԽ࣬ɷķڶʱھͱ̸
û취ȾĴľϯλֻǧϯλι뾺ĵģǧˣǣȴûκơ
ֻҪϡıͿɵȾĴϼġ
ɵȾĴᣬһƣһЩĵرȾĴϣĳеļ۸񲢲ѣĳһҲûܡ
ߣǱŴ׬һʵ̬Ըĵرĵ
ʵϣֻҪűǣϣԺ׬һʣϿһƽ񼰵ĸ߼ۣʣµɱɽҲԲͣС׬һǺձġ
Ҫǣù͸ɽ۶٣ȥͷ֮⣬ȫɽ۸ǽ㣬һҲǷ
ѾɿڱˣҲɵȾĴȱϡĵرҪԭ
ŴϹʱشڽҲɵһһεȾĴᣬ
ԪһΪﶬļʮ£ÿʮʮһһһգΪء
ɵȾĴᣬÿʮ¶ʮһվٰ죬ôĿǣǿؼž۵ųķʱ䡣
ÿȾĴľƷǳĶ࣬ȾĴʱǳһ죬һһҹ
볡ʱʮ¶ʮһ翪ʼʱʱһ̣ɵȾĴͻ׼ʱ
ʮ¶ʮһմϳʱʼɵģӴߴŲĻξĴ¥ǰͷܶ
вǰŶӣһЩˣȴڵȴ볡ᣬһ߾Ÿ߼ľơ
ϧǣܹõĻᡣ
¥εΪеĴŶʱ򣬽ǿ߾ʹӴ¥ǽ˳ǰһ볡ͨ
ͬһɲǣǧǿϢ⻷δ¥ܱ߸֣һһ޵ĵϢһ㣬ʱʱչʾһ£ޱȵ·ɸһһɨ¥·ֱͨͨ
û˸ʱ£Ҳû˻ʱ¡
ֻҪκθը̶Щеǿߣһʱ佫Ĩƽ
ۿɼԪǺһŻδ۽һޱۺĻ¥󣬿ʼ
ۺϵһʱɽ䭳ڰУһĺɵȾĴᣬ볡ʼ
һȲ볡ǣָָŶ볡
Ҷ棬ŻĽʮĿޣ۾
۾ĵһʱ䣬Ҷ治ɵȾĴᣬȹ۲ԸĿ޳ɹ
Чɲ㿴һ۾ܹġ
룬ҶͻȻͽ첲쵽һԵСèͷߣȻһ䡣
ҧҸ첲ʹҧҪҪܹҧңн
һɲǣõСèͷͬʱͺһȥ


1557 
̣
·𾫽ĦĴ̶쳹
СèȻҶĸ첲ҧһ󴮻𻨣ȴһӡӶûҶĸ첲¡
ͷ治̫ޣҶԴ󷢣ֱӽСǵʮ״СѪڣǾֻ޴բһ㣬˸ɫ⣬ݺݵ¡
Ľ֮ٴ𣬵һΣҶƤ΢΢һͷɹҶ첲˾ŵӡӡ
һɲǣͷȴͲҺ
Ҷ쿴һ£ʧЦ
ȴǷžͷ̫͵ԭЩɶˡ
ȻƲûоͷҺôأҶףһأ˰ӡǰɣ
ͷһƻء
ɵĲ
ľͷԴҶ־׳˾ſſԴһ̽͸һ
ǵʤһ㣬ͷžſСèҫ
Ҳ㣬ҵõʹͣӦǾͷʱǱ̨ˡ
СèȴǴһǣмĻ˻ԴŪľͷûκγɾ͸С
¾ͷ潫ҧ֭ˮĽСèһм
˾ſţɪʲôүÿҪ̳ԼٿءСèǱ̨ʴԼˡ
ҶҡͷЦЦԸֱۣǽñѪʮЧ
ʮʱ䣬Ҷںϵ裬ͻһͻƵ˵ڶء
ҲҶǿȴﵽƷĳ̶ȣ
Ʒĳ̶ǿжǿأ
ͷһӣһĿǰͨڵΪսڵߡ
֮£Ʒ̶ȵǰڵĲʹƷϵûҶаס̶ֳȵͨ£˲Ҷֺ
ңУҶҲ
ΪҶĺϣһס
ȭͷһ߬Ҷ͸һ㴿۵ĵɫۡ
Щϱߣϸܵ˸źĺˮơ
˵Ҷ滹׻
£ҶƤȸơ
⣬ҶʮڣɻŽͰѪء
ЩĿޣʮ֮һûõ
Ҷٿ޽ʱ䡭
ͻȻ䣬ҶЩڴ֮Բ֮ҹĵʱҶ뿴Ǹԭӥʲô飿
ˣȾĴῪʼ볡ˡ͡
һ֮ϴϻˬҶ׼ˣ´ǧѾȺԺſˡ
СӣǧҲϰɣ˵ǧҪĶûɣʵ
û⡣ͷ֮ʣҶ濴ԺĿ뿪Ĵ͡䣬ҲһȥɣȥҲۣǼʶ̽ʢء
ԣ͡һ߸ߣлл˳ȫͻϲصĸҶ
˵ʵɵȾĴᣬ˭μӣΪ˲μɵȾĴᣬѾһĽᡣ
͡Ҳһˡ
Ҳ
û뵽Ҷ澹Ȼǰʵϲ⡣
һĻĬĬĵ˵ͷҶһ
ҶӵеֺѾ֪飬ЩвЩ˲ȡһӵǧ̵
񿴵ҶѾˣͲʲôˡ
õİЧʼߣǻεеſûȶ೤ʱ䣬˳ǻδ¥ڲΪǹԭ򣬻һר
У¥߾Ų㣬̨ڸߴİ뻷¥̨ϣھŲ㵽㣬ȫŸ̽󷨻ֵĵ䡣
ھŲ͵ڰ˲ĹҪ¾Ųֻ࣬гֺĹͲܽھŲڰ˲Ĺ䣬ÿʮ䡣
ϣֺŵ඼ǹ̶ЩĴоԶĺҡ
˵ģܵ۹Ļң˴ʥأռ˲ڶʮֺ
߲㵽ĹСһţÿһһټ䣬ȫǳеֺĹ͡
ڶһεĿտˣǧİİڷмӵ
һ
ְڷҲǿͻȫĿȺߣҪȻڶĿˣ뿴徺ƷѰ
һͨˣҶλλڵĲ㣬ȻھŲڰ˲ȫλӽǣȴҪ漸öˡ
ͼڵİ򵥣İ̫ʦΣСϰڷŲˮʱˮһЩµĵģмģһö
ֺŵĹͼ䣬ɱϷǰĴˡһƨµһ̸
͡ЩִٵĿҶ棬Ҷͷ֮С£һԸϲĸƷ
ðµĽ࣬ǳ׼ʱҲǳ졣
ʱһ̸յ͹رеĴţ˺ǧ֮ػ͵غ£
̵Ŀ֮һλһΪŵʦʼֵһ
λϹأɵȾĴĵһǰģ
ÿְһǧƷÿְһӵĳʱ䣬λץʱ䡣ʦ˵
ÿһǧƷǰģҶЩ棬־ķʽû
һɲǣʦٴ𣬡λͣ뿴ǰľ
ͬһɲǣҶǰľ˸⡣


1558 Ա
һƴСĴԲһľһ⻪˸֮󣬾ľȻͻأĳһöһָ
ҶüͷһЩ档
ܹ΢ŲеƴСľϣ̫Ҷ澪ȡ
ǣһ˲ͬʱŲƣֶΣҶ澪ޱȡ
һһ΢Ų󣬿϶ܣҪȻľöԣҲޱȵۣҪǣޱȵ鷳
ӦǷǳŲֻҪһޱȵŲƴϣͬʱʮ΢ŲŲƷҲɡ
һϿʹӵһǳ󷨴ʦ
ŲĹѶȣǴ;ԿԽϹŲ
Сӣ콫¼ݣֻһӵѡƷͳ۵ʱ䡣
ٶҶõģĵĹ
ɵÿռı͹ĸָĵر̫ˣĿʮˡ
⺣ı֮УɵԸϡ̶ɵ¶ȾĻͼȾĴϴһΣģŻȾĴϡ
ˣɺܶࡣ
Ҫǰĳ򣬿ʮʮҹĲġ
ǣִģİġ
ɵٴνȴϵľƷϡ̶ȷּ֮Щһȵĵرͻڰϡ
ÿ¼ĵرһǧ֣ɵÿһƷĴСģáϢŪļΪϸͼͬʱע;ļۺƽɽۣ߳ɽ۵ȵȡ
μӾĵĿͻֻҪ⾺۾ͺãһ֮ɵͳһսɳ򣬱Ƚ֮󣬳ߵá
ϣǰʱͿԸ㶨һǧ־Ʒֲַֿ˷ʱ䣬ЩͻĻӭ
Ҫһʮµģûĵȵȥ
Ϊһμ˺ЩȾĴõҶ¼֮󣬾ר־ĿżҶһ䡣
ϲ̫ĵĶһۣҪã˵м©Ļء˵
ⰵһۣҶףɵȾĴܹΪ̽ʢ֮һеġ
ǾעѪҲ˾ķ㣬ͬʱҲܽ󻯡
һְƷƷΪΪϡĵҩʹĵҩĻһЩټĸﶼС
̶֪ˡ
ƷһʮһʮƷÿ굽ʮȡ
ӦһЩʦĳƷ
ƷʱһأֻʮͬٵһҲᳬ
ƷΪϡˣһǧƷ֮Уֻһļ۾Ҷһ
ļ۾͸ߴһƷʯƽɽһٰʮƷʯ߳ɽپʮƷʯ
ЩҶһûģҶĿǰˮƽѾԼƷˣʱգƷҲʲô⡣
棬Խ߼ԽǱ
ҶƵһƷǧɽ鹭Ҷ㣬еϣֻҪһƷʯңߵļۣȴߴƷʯƽɽ۰Ʒʯ
ҶͻȻ֣ˮƽٶȣͿɵȾĴһ׬ʮƷʯҲʲô¡
ҶԸ⽫ȫʱϱߵĻ
ҶߺܵȻһԵȴǴСУϰƷΨһһƷҲгۡ
գҶһְ֮Уķݵʮֵҩ
ȻҪˮlṩһЩĵͿԲοĵҩǱġ
ЩҶΪˮlĵġ
ֻҪҿеܹĵ֮һһξͲˡ½򽻸Ҷʱ˵
ôҺȱҶܿʵ
ǺȱǷǳȱƷһֱǳϡȱ˵
ϴӡٷŵ֮УͿˡָҶ档
Ҷ֮ǾϹ⻪һոշϵٴʧҶޡ
λһְĳ۵ΪֹλԵȣϾͻṫĽʦٴ
֮ķľĽЩҶϡ
Ҷһֳ۵ĶʮһƷУбģȻֻ֮һ
ңļУǵҩҶǳӡȫƽɽϵķݵҶֻбһݣ
ôɵ˰ɣ
ֺǺǵȾĴᣬ֮ңֱ޷
㿴Ϸ򣬳ʮ߼Ʒֻʮļҵִ϶Ʒ
ԣҶ˵ͷȾĴľȷʵҪмҵĶࡣ
ܿģõִ£ŰͱŽһǿߵϢʼʱ֣ſֵܳĲٶ
Щõִѵأֻ˺̵ܶʱ䣬ͽϡ
һְģҶһõƷʯƺࡣ
һɲǣ͡Ҷһ֡
ǧٶʮƷʯ
Ǵ͡ȾĴЩɵƹģڵһֽ׽֮󣬻ܳĽ׽
˵棬һְ֮УɵɽɵĳͷɵʮƷʯǴ롣
㣬ʮҲǽǧƷʯĴ롣
֣Ҷͳһ£ͻȻЩΪޱȵĴˡ
⾺Ĵᣬֱһ۱谡⻹ֻɵһҵѡ
ĵĽܿ죬ÿһһӵĳʱ䣬е߶ʱץļ϶ǿ˾ͳۣѹû̫Ŀʱ䡣
ܿģְת۾͹ҶһЩҩ֮⣬˼ƷƷĵر
λ±ߣɽһְģҲӡĿһġ
磬ء֪õ֮
ͬһĳЩУǷĳЩУȴɵռЩ֮ȫһְ֮С
Ĺ֮ǰľְһλڹ涨ʱڳۡʦ
ǺǣԱĻˡ˷ܵĴ˴ƣ۾˾
ԱҶЩɻ
ʦ˵Щֻе˺ʵУܷãʮǰϷԵһñǧ̵ǼƷϣ⣬ȫƾ
ԵƷģҲԵģͿ컯ˡ˵µ񶸵һˡ
Ϲ⻪һٴγһһö
Ѿ켫Ҷ˲Ϣ¼öͳ֮С
ոͨɨһ飬Ҷ͵ؼе˱Ϊʮһʲϡ


1559 ̣
еʮһƽӣӰ֮ϸͻᷢƽɢż΢ɫ⻪ƽ˼⡣
էһûκγ֮ҲȷʵҲûκγ֮ǣ̣Ҷ֮ǰ½¥¥̵ọ̃Ȼžųϵơ
֮˵ǾųϵƵģΪĿǰҶе̣µʽһģÿһϸڴһĲͬ
Ҷеÿһ̶ǲһģǰ̣Ҷеκһ飬ϸ϶
֮ǰΪʮẉ̂пܾһȫµ̡
ǰʹ߶֮ʱҶѾ֣һ֮Ȼãʵǲȱġ
̣ܻһЩɢ⡣
ԴжϣҶģǰΪʮẉ̂ʮа˾ţɢеһˡ
Ҷǰ̵һԽ࣬Խ
һ޷κγ̶ȵĹһĹܹﵽ꺣ȫһ
һĹܹﵽǿߵȫһ
ĿһĹܹﵽǿߵȫһ
һĹܹǿǿߵȫһ
¥ļλ¥ǿһٺɱ˵һλΪߴһص̫ϳϣ춨ʼ˻Ρ
Ҷʱȱ½ģҲû̫¡
صĴ½֮Ҷ߶һΣԭӥսһΡ
಻ĹȻԭӥǼ鱦ս
Ҷ浱ʱ𾪵ġ
Ĺǿ䱾ӦñҶҪһ㡣
ǣ಻ĹȴܹɵĹƺ鱦ķҶ껹Ҫǿ󼸷ְ
Ĺʮ֮¾ͿԹƺ鱦ķôأ
߿أ
Ҷ֮ǰãÿһ̵̣ͻɱ
̣ҶģҲʮֻҪ岨ܹɵĺЩ鱦ķ
ͻȻ䣬һͷҶͷӹ
ܺƺ鱦ıƷǾԲģ̻ʲôƷףҲǺ鱦
̣һҪõ֣Ҷ˲Ϣ¶˾ģܹսȵı
̵ļ۲̫ߣֻʮƷʯŹֵǣȴһƽɽۺʷ߼ۡ
˵ֺʶƷӦֻһ飬ôƽɽۺʷ߼أ
һְеƷЩΪϡŹ֡öûмĶֻһļۡ
ƽɽۺʷ߼ۣǶʮƷʯһģҶܿ˷֡
ϣɽĴԽ٣ƽɽۺʷ߼۲Խӽ
ƽɽۺʷ߼һĿԣǾ֮ǰֻɽһΡ
֮ҶμӵһȾĴ֮ǰֹһƵ̡
ҶЩʹǴʧһ̰
ٵõɫ̵̣ӵ߼̵ǻɣ
Ҳһܹƿ鱦ķɣ
ȱǻ۷ǿ߶ԭӥǼ鱦սӵ߼̣ӦҲƿɣ
Ҷϧ֮࣬ʮϱעһʮƷʯľļ۸
ҲʮƷʯܹọ̃Ҷ־ڱصãκεʧ
֮࣬ҶѾڿǣöĿأɽ䭰æܲܲĵɵȾĴǰĽ׼¼أ
ܹ鵽ôҶ˵ҵ߿̵Ŀԡ
ҶѾ⣬ºҪɽһʡ
Ȼ˵ڲغϣڲص˿϶١
֮ǰɱòµϢҶ߽һ£Ҷº
йѰҲһ£ֻõĸִº֪
ҶʹＣûнɢȥＵĻشûüɢȥأ£ûи߹κˡ
Ȼû˵ô£ʮа˾ͨõڲɱ֯õġ
СӣҪͷԣͶļʶò׼⣬˵ͻľϲأ
ǧϵǼļƷϣϷʮǰɵȾĴԵġ
ֺǺǵĻʵ㣬ģҫҶҫ
µ˵ǲģҶߣȴŸõѡ񷽷
ǾԪ鰢ЩƷһ飬ûĺñͻܹϸˡ
һӵʱתۼҶ潫ȥʱ򣬻Щģ˸Ǽ̡
֮󣬵õִŶ룬ĳɹˣҶͷһ˿ϲ
֮Ҷһʱ䣬ͽ˸ոյǿ̡
ͬʱʦȶִżֻ𣬡λθƷãΪλһʢ硣
棬ʼֳģһƷ


1560 Կ
̵ɲǣҶüͷ΢΢һ塣
ǰ̵̸ĸо̸ĸоƺЩͬ
䣬Ҷ涼޷͸󷨣ȴһ
ôԱԵˣ
Ҷü¾ˣϼһΪǰҶԿԭڷǳԸ⿴ҶԱģ
СӣϷ˵㰡ϷļʶǰҪ̼䣬ϷôҲܽԿ
о仰ô˵ţԣԿǰšЦǺǵģ˼ͲҶٳԼο⡣
ǰ֪Եˣδ֪ʱı֮˵꣬ҶͽĿת̨
̣ȷʵЩ죬ȴǲ̽ĵط
ȾĴת帣֮Ҷٴϸ쿴ʱǱͿԷֱˡ
Ҷ֪úܻ⣬û뵽⾹ȻֱӽҲ˽ȥ
λĵһƷϵͨףǿ֪ܲͨǾ֪ʱɵڷͷʢ
һɱﵣΪаףȻа׵ֵܣȴǴֹϵ
£Ըϵаס
λɣ鱦ķܹƿˡ
ϰһͨţǻʲôأ
ףļƷʯÿμӼۣǧƷʯʦһ£ͺȵۿʼ
ֺŹ䣬ʦ˳ƤӣҶЦЦһƸ
ǣλڵڰ¥һֺŹڣʦⷬԭӥǰСȴϢĻɷ顣
ԭӥû뵽¹ȥôˣӣȻֱʦóһͨǸް
ԭԭӥ鱦ѾˣɵЦЩΪ̺ŵ飬òͣ
ڣֱǵĸӢġ
¥¥µģźüλġ
ȥ֮ķţ
ߣԲ֮ҹһҪǵѪϴˢҵĳ裡ԭӥ͵߬ȭͷ
ԣһҪǸ쵰ʬϣܽͷ֮ޡëһԺ
ĸüͷȴ΢΢һ壬ֻҪԼģٽ鱦ͨ׷ӳսʤǸûʲô⡣
ҪǸʬϣ¾ˡ
СӵǸݷΪϷҲʵһʼɱЩѶȡ
ȡʤԣɱǸԭӥȻȻֻȡʤ޷ϴˢҵĳ衣
Բ֮ҹһսһҪʬϣ԰취
ԭӥ򸣹˵һ仰Ѿˣζ
նɱİ취
ĲĵֺŹڣеĵƵĻŶĴ͡ͻһΣĿרע
뵱նɱǸܼ򵥣ʱϷһֽţͿǵʬϡЦ
ԭӥһǱǹһֱͦһ࣬Բ֮ҹһսѾΪķ֪ҹսߣ϶
ĿֽţǱ˷֣ԭӥҪô֣Ҹ׵ͷҲܵӰ죡
Ϊ֮һ࣬⡭
ңѳ֮ħУҵ֮·ؽΪ̹;ǽ֮ɴ¶ɱҵͷԶ޷ͨ
Ϊҵ֮·һԶ޷Ƴİʯ
ҵ֮·ָ㣿һ䣬ԭӥѾɱ֮֮⡣
ǿ⸣ԭӥ֮£Ҳò΢΢ͷ
Ȼ˭øĵǿߵͷģԭӥԭӥǸˡ
ŭĳңңĹ˹٣ʵϷ򷽲ԣֻϰĶԼѣϷΪ֮
Ȼת֮Ϸ򽫽֮ϸһἫΪοġ
ҸװŵԿ飿ͨˣԭӥϸЦݣĸףֻгݡ
ôնɱǸʲôõĽ飿ԭӥٴʵ
ȴһЦżʵһ£аš
ȻͨϰŵԿ飬ôͿȥһطʵĴȥ
ԭӥ
һΣûп˵һ΢겨ȴ괫
ĲĵֺŹڣ͡ץ


1561 Һ
͡һʱ佫ϢСıܿ¸Ҷ档
ò˵ǸϽֱ˼¡
ڲ˶ؾ;硢ͬʱɢֵ£괫ݽҶԴޱȵļɵ
Ҷڿһ£ԭӥ֪ʲôͷȻһλǿū͵ĸţôǸеˣǺεĴڣ
ܹõǿΪūĴڣԲ򵥣ãԭӥĸףҲǵĶǿߡ
ĶǿߣΪԭӥŵʵĴȥǾ;ʵĺȥ
κһף¶ὫõĶԼĺӰɣһ㣬ȱǵǿߣҲɣ
ôҶûǸܣ
һתҶ뷨
䣬Щѵ˼úõļԭӥǵĶ뿪ɵĻһʱ֪ͨң츳ͨ׷ϣ;׷ǵμҶ潻
͡˵ͷͷ·һ㣬ٴʩչǶе츳ͨ˷
ĹǼҶʮףѾĳʮƷʯĸ߼ۡ
£ͨţʮƷʯͶˣõĹԣЧġ
ŵһƷɽĵĽ౻һһľƷô¥пյĴãתһȦչʾͬʱʦɿĽܾƷֵ
Ȼ˳һļӼ
˵ʵɵȾĴᣬñĺܶࡣ
ֺͨطҩĵر鱦ȲҶ۽硣
ֳĵǰΣö٣Ҷµıȴû£˺üܻûгһƷʯ
潫鵤ҩ鵤ҩȫڵͨʥƷʿԱ֤
ͨʥЧҶ˵ĸλӦûв׵ģǾͨ񾳵߷֮󣬿ֱһΪ
ԼĿʱ䣬Լʮʱ䣬ֵλ
ңɵȾĴʮͨʥһܲɡ
ֲ࣬ǣĵҩܹࡣ
λ֪ͨʥļֵ濪ʼۡ
ͨʥļʮƷʯһţÿμӼ۲һƷʯڿʼһľۣ
ʦҶ潫ǰľʼ˼ҵľۡ
ͨʥļ۸񣬺ܿʮƷʯһ飬գҶʮƷʯļ۸Щѵ˵һ顣
Ҷڣȱľʱ䣬ܹԼʱ֮Ҷ־ڱصá
ܿģҶֲ뵽˵ڶͨʥľУҶĲڶֵľĸӵļң̶̰ϢĹ򣬾ļ۾ȻƸߵʮһƷʯ
㲻ȾȨʵֻҪʹȾȨӦòһͨʥˣٿԽԼʮƷʯһԵ½顣
Ҷ΢΢ףʮȾȨֵֻʮƷʯ𣿡
ǿǺöڹؼʱóã㵤ҩòҲ̫˷ˡҶ˵
С˵ɣߵѪüܹ꣬ʮƷʯ˵
ԣʮǲǡ
Ҷһ仰ͽֱҭ˸˰۲ŵСӣ⾺ĳϣʱ˵ʮƷʯһƷʯҲԿеıʧ֮ۡ
ҵϣᣡ
̫ţʲô¡
ⲻţǵҶ˵
˵ĿڽУһϷ綼ûռϡ
գҶʮƷʯµڶͨʥҶԤϣҶһ˶ռͨʥߵͨʥޱȵļҡ
ļ۸ǵʮƷʯҶ಻ѡ
ʵҶ뷨ͨʥȫ£ǲźá
ǣȾĴежʱͻʯǾԲһǵ뷨
ͨʥ֮ʦ˲ĵҩ˳ΪĵҩĵҩĵҩΪĵҩĳһͿ
Ҷ汾ļöΪĵҩڴϵ˽Ҷ淢ЩΪĵҩЧһ㣬ϹħΪħĻԶˡ
仨߼ЩҩתϹħȴЩħĻΪء
ЩĵҩĵҩҶ涼ôȱ
ʱҶĽǿ߿в٣ǵĴָڲ٣ҲмűõĵҩǷջ񣬿ǲ١
λ澺ĵģǵҩ֮ĵرǱȾĴгѹ֮λ뿴
˵䣬Ĵ¥пմˣƾճһĴָС͸ƿƿһʮɫҺ壬ȥ档
ʦܣһԵµɫһ䣬ҹ껹ֺöֵȾĴֵ
ҾҪۣһѾץ˾µĶ죬ҶĶȴ˿
ҺֵʱҶһֻ֣͵ذ˾ϱߡ
ŭĿԲʱҶƵʲô⣬ҲҪģ
ͬһɲǣ̨ϵʦѾüɫĽҺá


1562 λ
ҺҺʵϣҺǺĵļƷʯҺȻûд˵еǰţޱȡ
˵ģϵĺĵмܹӴĵˣ֮٣ںĵļƷʯ󣬸һܹӴġ
οٵϵļƷʯ󣬲ܹҺ̶ȣֱ޷ݡ
ãޱȵǿ󡣡˵ôʦ˵ǿڲĭɡ
£Ϊǽǽ۷壬жݽ߻һյʱֻҪһΣֻҪһξҺ˲Ϣ䳹׵Ļָݽߵ
־Һޱȣ̺ޱȵȵ޷ȫգҲ㱬
ԶĴָڵĸְˡˣľ
ƻָʥƷ
ϵǿߣһָĳɣָ߳ɰ˵Ҳдôġ
ҺֻһСƿһСƿΣ֮µߣԽΪΣʹá
ڹؼʱ̵ãٶ˵λɱĹײ
濪ʼҺļʮƷʯÿμӼۣСһƷʯ濪ʼۡ
ʦĻأ˳һļӼ쳹
ʮƷʯ
ʮ飡
ʮƷʯ
ʮ

߼ӼۼӵͿҶһһ٣ȴǴ۵һۣڹҺ
Сӣ˱̫˷ѣҲûôϷɡµ˵
ô֪ûãҶȴǵʲãҽ־ڱصá
ҺҶôдô
˲Ϣ䳹׻ָݽãҶ־ڱصõԭ
ܹ˲Ϣ䳹׻ָݽľҺôҶͿԷֵȥ߶̫ţľСлԪˡ
СлԪÿһʩչὫҶ⣬һεС˯ǰԸĸʩչʱҶ£ɳҶ档
ǹؼʱ֣ЩҶǻᵱɡ
ҺͲͬˡ
⣬˲ָܹݽߵ൱ҶΪʩչСлԪס
ȻҶĿǰľΪΪ޷֧СлԪ׵ġ
֮ǰȴ
ңʦԣΪ͵߷ҺʱΪ˷ѣԽֵĸС
ͬʱҶոĵͨʥֻеһãҶΪĿǰͨͨڣҶۺһࡣ
ʱҶʱԽһٷֳηãʱֻҪҶСĿСлԪ׵ٽҺһηֳηãǾ֧ҶʩչһСлԪס
һƿһξҺξҺʹҶӵοԷʩչСлԪ׵Ļᡣ
СлԪףҲش۷ǿߡ
λᣬܹҶɹΣ
ɵٶ֣
ҶҪǲⱦֱͶԸ
СӣȻҶҪô֮䣬ȷֳ˱Σ˼Ϣͻ
뷨֪Ƥķ϶ԣҲӦҶ˵һ㶼档
һ죬Щ߳ŭĵϷô𣿡
ҶһôУֱӵȳһԼܹ߼ۣ۸ȥġ
ҸԽ۸д֮УȻֱǧ̸͡ԱΣ
Ҷ˵ͷȫǧ̾Ϳԣǧ̡
ԣһڣ⻰ôô
˸óһ򣬷ɿ¼һ۸񣬶ǧ̡
ǧֻһۣͳ˵үүˣϵĳһٶʮƷʯֻһƷʯ
µһ£ЦſҶ棬㲻Ů򣿺ðɣİɡ
һɲǣҶ飬ͬʱùŹޱȣ˿ԷĿУ¶֮ɫ
ԭܼ򵥣ΪĹ򣬳жҺľģѾﵽһޱȻȵĳ̶ȡ
һʮһƷʯ
ڵĽмۣѾԽҶ˳߼۸
ɴ˿ɼҺж֡
Сӣ֣ɽǻܸߣҶ˺
ԷĽмۣܳɽǶߣϷֻҪΣһὫεļ۸һֲٵĸ㡣
ҲȱʯҶٴ˵
ٴ߳ŭϷŮʹˣ㻹ϷһСæ
Ҷ治ΪĿ⿴ȴųֵʱ
Ҷ˼ᶨµ̬˲ҪϷǷһ飿
Ҷ΢΢һ˵ģ
ϷԳ棬Զţ²
һҶǷһ飬ͳɽҶһ£ɿ˵
һǿߵ飬޼۰
ҲĹ䣬ҪڴڣֻҪһɤӣˣǲ
ҪôʲôãһοԷֳãһҶ˵
һҶûҶޱȵļᶨ
ͻȻ䣬·֣ǰСǰƺѾûƢ
εĵ˵ͷ
ʱҺľѾ뽺ţӼѾıһһļӡ
ҳһʮƷʯ
Ҷֱӽ龺ļ۴һʮһƷʯᵽһʮƷʯʱĳž˺üϢʱ䡣
ʦĹĶ£˼Ӽ۵һʮһƷʯ
ҳһʮƷʯҶٴδȵļӼۡ
գһμӼ֮ҶһʮƷʯĵһƿҺ
ȥҶõƺɡ
ǣһԵƷ
һΣ൱ĵһƷʯѳɵĴɽ
˺ʯһԵƷϱߣˡ
ֵ
Ȼпܱסһ̫ˡ
һʮƷʯ㣬ŪһƷҲ㹻ˡ
˺ʯ˷һһԵƷϣʵǲֵӲǰ
ԭʵҲΪʲôѡҶĵԭ
Ϊԣ⣬һξ͹ˡ
ĵΪܹƵʹֶεʱĲడ
ʮƷʯŪһΣǿԽܵģǻϿƷʯԣҲеҷˡ
һƿҺֵʱҶȭͷݺݵĻһ£ӽԺοԷʩչСлԪֲֿɱеĻᣡ
λҩҩıѾϣ棬ĵرľġʦ


1563 һط
Ҷ汾ΪɵȾĴӦǾЩѵƷƷ
ĸոտʼҶ֪ˡ
ĵһƷƷףƷƷ㲻ϣǿһƷ
£һƷ˵ǳɵȾĴϣ¶ȾĴҲܳ֡
ȴʵʵڵĳҶǰĳһٶʮƷʯһۡ
ƷΪػ飬ֻҪ߶ͿԲϵ꣬ǱĬлΪ
ػһʱ䣬Ϊ൱רעһΪЧ
ȥЧ
Ƕ߶ԣȱʱ䣬Ҳʱ䰡
˵ֻҪʱ䣬൱ƾտ˰Ϊ͵ƾձȱ˰ʱ䡣
ʮ꣬Ƕʮ꣬һǧǰʮš
οػ黹ԼӿĻָӿƵĻָЧ
µĻ˵ػЧһԵĺ鱦ЧˣǴұһĴڡ
˵ʵҶҲĶ⣬ֻҪĬĬʵ֮£Ƿǳɹ۵ġ
ǣҪػ鷢ЧһҪֻɫΪɫϣûκõġ
Ҷɫ⣬ǧ̵ɫ⣬á
ֻĿԴҵıߡ
ĳ˺üиõרŴĻ
еĶҶûɶôеôҶûг֣ЩȴҶ۽硣
һȻ
˼䣬һԵǧ۾ͻһҶ̧һҲһ
ʦڽһöɫӣӺƯҶĶģȴá
λأһרŮƷţίɵ۵ġ
أܱ£һãŮԣٳ䣬಻մҿԼɢʢĵ㡣
ڶãֻҪͻ˷Ĺ߾ۼ߸ӵĶˣӡ
ã֮ڵķԷĻˮȻΪ󷨵ԭ򣬻һ׷Բ֮ڣ˶
ߵļޱȵˮۡ
ĸãݴԣǵĶŲϺطߵķʸãɫǺ顣
ʦĵڣʦһλòͨŮʾ
Ůöɲǣ˺Ȼһ
ްƤޱȣ˵ʸƮƮɣʶĿǰǸģȫˡ
ȡöֱǸͨŮֲһʱ侹Ȼ޷ܡ
᳡ڣѾŮԵľ̾ߣԸŮĵؿڣһҪ
λãֻҪһ¾ͻΪ֮ᣬȫۼһλʲôأ
ŴܲκμһЦ
±ߣʼļʮƷʯÿμӼۣһƷʯ
۸һڣ˲ٵ
ȻߣҾԲ٣˵𲽣ʮƷʯеġ
ڴ߿һƷļ۾ʮƷʯʵЩֵ
ʮƷʯһͨƷˡ
Ǿ仰ڲϲУһĲֵϲУֵǡ
ҳʮƷʯ
һߵʱһֱļϷļӼ쳹ٴЩߵһ
ӼۣҶüͷһȴһԵǧΪ֮ȻȻϲöӡ
Ӽ۷ȣѾԵˡ
ʮƷʯһƷ̫ݳˡ
ϧǣһ۸ӵʮƷʯӣûסˣݺݺļӼһƬ
䣬ྻļ۸񣬾ͱ̧ʮƷʯ
һûжʵֻغӣȻĵۣҶҲˡ
Ҷ˵ǣѾ
ŮԵô͸£ӦҲǲġ
ҶΪδطĲ׼ĵһ
Ҷţ£δһطꡣ
۶ãһطһ죡
ҳʮƷʯҶۣһȼļӼ͵Ҷ΢΢üͷ


1564 ֵ벻ֵ
һֻΪƷʮƷʯȻˣֻҪϲˣû˻˵ֵ
ϲУ޼۱
οĿǰŴʯҶԣֻлȥʯǲǺʯ
ҳʮһƷʯμӹܶҶ棬Ѿ˾顣
ִļӼۣܶʱ򣬲˶֣̻ļӼ۷ʽö־˳
ߣҪҳʮƷʯһҶЩ
Ӽ۵̶ȣЩǰӻԾӼ۵ŮԵݺݺѾʧһա
ڵϸԵӣʹԵӲϧѪΪԸö
ϧǣЩŮӶĺ˴ǵԻͨ
ѾõֵŮˣֻͨƤжϺ忪ľͺãֻжЩδԵģŻ᲻ϧѪֻġ
ԣЩʹӳֵŮˣע˲ջ
ʮƷʯۣѾ˺ܶˡ
ĳҳʮƷʯһӼ۵ǰЩҶЩٴνżӼۣҳʮƷʯ
ҶѾǰӼ۵ļһ˭ˣԭӥ
ǸԼԲ֮ҹսԭӥ
ϹһϲİɣֺŹ䣬ԭӥЩ˷ܵĳŸ˵
΢ͷֻҪǸŮˣһϲϹСҲ⡣
οϹСϣ͹ȥϹСһϲġ
ֻҪϹϲͺáϹ˵ϲӢۺܣһǸʮ£ྻȥϹһϲҵġԭӥ˷ܵ
΢΢˵ͷУȴһ˿顣
Ϊˣ̫ǰ״ˣϣðɡ
ܿģԭӥļ۸ӵ˾ʮƷʯ֮ǰǸ߾Цɬֻܷˣϲ̨
ԭӥˣҶ̵ҳʮƷʯ
ǰУᰲһԭӥüһоʹ˼
ǵ̫ҹȥȻԭӥҶ
ԭȾĴϣ߾ʱıߣԷͬĵߴʶݡ
ϾƲġ
Ҷȴûô
ӵһǧƷʯ飬Ѿ˾֪СģҲ˴⣬󷽵Ļȥˡ
ҳһƷʯ
һһƷʯҶ̵ļӼÿζֻһƷʯ
ҳһƷʯ
һ򣡡
ҳһһʮƷʯ
һһʮһ򣡡
ҳһٶʮƷʯҶˮһļӼۼ֮󣬱ȼŭ˵ԭӥֱӽӼ۷һʮƷʯ
ǣŭٸߣӼ۷ٴҶԶǸˮļӼͷȡ
ԶֻһƷʯ
ۼӼ۷ԭӥĪıҳһʮƷʯҾͲ㻹Ҹ
кβҸģԭӥĪʮǵ˾ŰٶƷʯҳһʮһ飬Ҷ
ֺŹڣԭӥĿ⿴˸ʯ֧һ֡
ͬһʱ̣͡ҶԺˣǸԭļһûʯˡ
ԣЦūʣµһʯȫϽڰʵģ˵ūΥ
ϷʮƷʯ˽Ǯš
һһֱûëֶóһָЩүͷ˵ʹͣʮƷʯš
ԭӥʶҪȥãȴǷ·͸һĿ⿴ķëˣʯ֣
ˣ
ɼǵóǰϽһ仰ʲô𣿡ͻؿʵ
ŭŭ£˵
ԭӥһ£ҲΪϹá
㣬ʵöϣģޱ侲Ѿš
ңһʮƷʯһЩͶȥܷչһ˿ڵСˡ
һ˿ڵС֮ﲻȥι˷һƷϣ
Ϊֵ
ԣԭӥЩԺˣֵ𣿡
Ȼ֧κξ仰˵Щֵ
һٶƷʯһֺǸϹС㣬˵Сֶϡ
ֻҪ⵱óһԱ֤ҹҹɣһÿҹﶼǾɫ
һԭӥûôģ۾͵һɣëַɿı͡
ϹС㣬Ůӿɱȵģū˼ĲֵҲ˵ˣϹСϲӢ۴ܣūĿǽЩʯʵϡ
ΪӢ۴ܣͶϹС㲻Ͷͱмһûġ˵
ԣԭӥĵ˵ͷǾͱСˡ
ˣǸԭļһˡ˵ţٶȽԭӥĶԻݣ괫˵Ҷ档
ʦһҶĵ˵ҶĿ⣬ȴЩ
ֵ
ڸУԶֵ
ҶĿУ³ٸߣҲֵģ
Ϊ˲¡ΪʦηɰףΪ˼ˣΪֵܣ˵ʯǸܹǿС½ҶҲ
ܿģʯͱõִ˫ַҶУҶԵֺǺǵģһЦݡ
һԵǧ̣ڴڴиżɬ
ǣǧµע£Ҷһöʧˡ
ǧϵɬڴ˲ɢȥһ˿ɬʧͬʱָ
ȴɱһĿҶ棬Ůǧ̵뷨仯β֪
СӣΪʲô͸ǧ̣괫ŭš
Ҫ͸˵ġҶ˵
Ҷ仰¸ӵķŭˣԼŮū͵̷ȻһӶá
ǸӸߴһʮһƷʯۣѾԶˡ
СӣϷھҪýȢӭȢǧ̣Ƹö¼ΪǵɱС
ȻŮôϲҪ취ΪŮõ
ҶķӦûеԼңǷǳƽĵ˵ͷȷ
ȷĻھƸӭȢǧ̡˵ţҶĿתǧ̣Ȼ֮ʱǧһὫҰɣ
ԣǧ˳ӵĵ˵ͷʦģһġ
ҶĿ⿴¡
޳ܣ½ҧĸбų֣йƤһ˰֣ˣģ


1565 ѹر
ɵȾĴڻڼŻҧгݵ£Ѿһ˿ŭˣٴҶ桢ǧһûһ죬˳һ¾Ʒ
ⲢûûΣʲô¶ȥЩദѾҶЩ˽ˡ
¿ҶСӣиԣִ󷽣ԭ
ҲҪ̾צѪûʲôѪһԾ͸ǧʮͰ
ѪҲУצѪĿǰǼĴʮﲻ
ϣÿøһҩЩո̤Сһϴá
ûÿĵצѪǻӵͬʱġ
Ҷ־͸ǧʮͰһǧ
ȻǧŮүүͰצѪ飬ǾԲ˵Ҷġ
ƾٽצѪһҵĻȨҪӲ١
ٴ˽ģһĺߵĵӣԻ󱲵ĵҪۺһ㡣
֮⣬»֣ҶǸΪصС࣬ÿʯȻȫƷʯ
̫ݳˣ
ңͨ£ȫƷʯΪͻƵ֮󣬲ܹƷʯ
ݳ޵ģǸΪ͡С࣬ʱõ鵤ȻҲƷ鵤
Ǹ͡С࣬ҶͷǸ;ͷ棬ˮÿ춼һöƷ鵤
ţңֻнкڻǵǿߣ֮£ܳϵƷ鵤
ˣķţһƷ鵤һ¾Ͳˡ
ͨЩ飬·֣Ҷ棬ԴԼˣܲ
ЩԵ裬ҶĵǸȡ֮£Ůǧ̣϶ǸĿҪŮˡ
һ㣬ҲЩ͡
ţһζǿӲػصķڼ֡
֮⣬ǳֶΡ
ǰЩҶܽԵֶΣ֪ңҲ޷Ϣסԡ
ܺá
ģȻ޷Ļת⣬ֲǿнǧ̴ȥǧ̸ҶԣҲʧΪһʵѡ
ҶԴô죬µóһۡ
ҪȻΪһǿεҶʲô
еû¸ˣ
ڹ۲Ҷ棬ҶŮｫԴڿϵĻֻǿ̱֮
ƴԺǧ̺һӣһӻڳ޵УҲնɱҶ桢ֻǽҶܵңԶա
ܱŮҪõĶࡣ
ܲܵҶ棬һ㣬ºġ
ΪǿߣͱĥȱģȱʵΨһȱģû¶ġ
ЩӵĹ۲죬ģŮǧ̴Ҷ߲ǲԣŮǧչҪġ
ΨһľŮǧ̶ҶƴӣֱȶүүҪ𾴡
ɵҶŮӦΪҶ汨Ȼѳ֮ǧ̴ҶߣҲǲġ
ĿǰΪֹǰҶģ뱲еĿ͸ļ֮һ
ǰ¿͸ǼˣǳɳΪ۰һĴǳΪһ֮
֮¾ҶǱڵľ档
ҪȻһǿҶ洵ӵۣǲеĻţв
ĴڽУгѹྻ֮û̫ҫ۵ı
³һƷ࣬Ҷɲôġ
ҶֻΪΪܴȵͿƷˣƷֻҪʵĵرҲʲô¡
ϾҶʦʦۺɫ
ԣĸʱУҶٳֻ֣һƷʯĵر
һǱԵĵرƵõƷҲ⡣
ҶΪʦηɰ׵ɽ׼ģɽԴҶƷǿƷ֮ǰȴǲˡ
ſ޵ηɰΪͻƵͨ񾳣ôһǳηɰ׵ƷޱȵҪˡ
ΪֻηɰƷηɰСӳ
ĵرȴˮԵģҶΪʥʺǵȫƷѼϡ
⼸Ʒ֮󣬺ߵϰټƷҶĻ˯°һµעˡ
ͻȻ䣬ָᵯһǴɵıҶĶͷ죬֮
СӣˣȾĴѹرˡԾ֮࣬··ûһĿŭĿӵҶ˵
λȾĴļѹرʼġ


1566 ˼Ҷ
ĥȭһҪúôһģҶҲµģȾֱ壬ɵȾĴ˴ͷѹرӦòɡ
λͣɵȾĴѹرĵһѹرһֱ
ȾĴᣬҲ⣬һѹرʦ
֣µ۾ѾʼŹˣ˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ²μȾĴĿˣԭΪġ
Ҷ治ɵðԸӢľ
ûнǧ
ԭҶҲǧģ߷޷ѪٶҲǼΪġ
ڴ߶ԣ޷ݳ޵ֱճʱطͻƿʱá
ҶϸĿһûиǧ
ǧȻڶҶƴӣӱ϶ԣһˣҶӵдһй¶ȥ˵»᲻һеʰҶ棬µĵǿ߶ǰ׷ɱҶ档
ǿߣޱȵĴ󰡡
ҲҶҵɲǣµɫȴΪʦһ仰ޱȵѿ
ɵֻܱǸĶԸλ˵Ϊ̵ĸԭǽܹĵˡ˳ɣ
͵һţôôࣿ˳ɣ
ôȼ٣ϷÿβμɵȾĴᣬΪġ
£ͬһɲǣٵͬǷŭı
ʱϢڣип֮⡣
־ĵʦĶͷ˲ϢͼˣæĽ
ҪǴǰ̸׵󹩻̣⣬Ϊˣɵ뾡취Ū꾺ɵ
Ҳ١ΪɵǼҹ̣ʱûлָĿܣɵᾡĿػԴ
ʦĻһĨһ㣬Щŭǵıðġ
ʱûлָĿܣֵпܻ٣
⵱̺ζ༱ǣͷ͵ӹһ˿⡣
£ĳɽ۸񣬿֮ǰĸ߼ۻϣҪɣࡣ
ңǶٵ£Ľӵļҡ
ҪǣʯҲܹĵˡ
ߡǸΪ߷ǳϡҪһԴ
ĲȻޣҲԲ̫ϡ١
ֻĵطЩޱǿУͨ
ǰɵȾĴᣬܹͨĵطڣɵҲʧȥ˽Դ˰˳ɡ
ô
ǣɵĹٻɡ
ԣʦԵĿʼʱ򣬸ոջڷƢ£һͷŭĹţһ㣬۾ʼѪƴ
һĻҶЩ˼
ΪҶһеװҶħ԰˹
ֱӶӾˡ
ɵνĽħˡ
Ҷţ޻ָĿܡ
պļ۸񣬿϶ᱩһǸࡣ
ԭܼ򵥣ϰĿǰȫҶڳߣʱڣҶûкʵС簲ǣҲͲκβˡ
һΣɵóĵֻһſš
֮ڴ֮ǰɵÿܹóٿţֱһٿš
ľſţҶóˮġ
Ҷμ⾺ĴᣬѾ׼Ѫˣó£ʽû뵽Ȼˡ
ҶΨһҵǣһֱСΪ뷨Ǿͣñģħ˧ȥĵġ
ԭſûʲôɵóĿȼٵ£Ͳһˡ
һſſֳʮһνоģÿξʮţһʮһΣһſš
꣬ĴʮΣȻңжȣ࣬滹лᣬҶ
գǵǿߣܹĵһ飬꣬ȴԵĲһˡ
ӵһ鿪ʼƴˡ
˵ģһ飬Ҷߵ¾ͻʼһļӼۡ
ʮţļƷʯÿμӼ۲ǧƷʯ
һʼĲʮϢ۸ͱʮм۸ߴʮƷʯһ顣
꾺ʱ߳ɽۣҲʮƷʯһ顣
뾺ĵߣڣףпľģŸոտʼ
գһԾʮƷʯĳ
ĳɽһһߡ
ʮĳɽ۾ȻߴһٶʮƷʯһ顣
ʮһǾſĳ˾˵һʮʮƷʯ֮Ҷ涼Щ˼ˡ
һеĻ֣ʵ̫ˣ


1567 ż
ȥ꣬ͬĿʯܹĵ꣬˲ʯֻĵһ顣õִʮµЩʹࡣ
ĵֱӵĺҵľӢͻƿٶȣȵļ
ң£ҿ϶취ʱ򣬽ĺʯ
һѹ֮ʲô˵᲻Ǻ鱦ҶٶȲ˻⣬֪ҶǵһеףɱĶС
鱦㻹ΣЦǿõǿ߿˶ᷢı
˵ղյˣҲԲҲóĵģõĸ߲ȫˡ
Ϸұֻ֤ҪøóȾĴϾģôһᱻЩĵǿ߲ɷ棬Ȼһһķȥֱҵ
ں鱦ֵĿҲû˻Ὣ鱦ıֵģˣõõ
þԻڵһʱԸ߼ڲչԲȾĴϵġ
õԣÿȾĴѹ󱦣⣬Ȼһܹƺ鱦ĵر
ҲǱ򣬲ɵȾĴ˵Ľ󡣡
µĻոأʦʹ𣬡Ǹλ׼ĵڶѹرһż
ż֮ѵó֣֮ʱޱȵľ
׹֮طԲݲɷݺᣬ봳ﷶΧǿߣҽӽ䷽Բʮ֮ڣҲػᱻߵɷʬ
˱õʦƵõ꣬ضܹɷ飬׳Ϊ鱦
˵ʦ΢΢һЦ˵λ޷ᵽżǿ
±ߣǽȥżϱߵķӡøλһżɷ֮
֮µߣǧҪҶ
Ŀע£ȭͷС˽ϰٲǿӡİɫʯͷ˾Ĵпյ롣
һھĴըӵھŲڶĽϣʱһһغޱȵػĻڶͷϣһޱػĻ
˾СʱǰɫżϰطӡǱѩһڻ
ͣ
ʱ뷢һ㣬εķ·ˮһĲǿżΪģɢ˷
ĻڵھŲڶ㽨ػĻʱ͵
ӵصӦ˴߶󷨲ػĻġ
λҲ񫣬޷ᵽżǿôԼΪʵŵĹԴĹ߳
żɷ֮£ܹӽżʲô̶ȡ
˵ʦǺһЦ֣ѣΪ֮ͨµߣͲҪˣͨ񾳵ߣҲҪСġ
ڳԹУ㱻żɷˣɵûκιϵ
ʦصʱ򣬾ϰٺȿֺĴӵڶԸ͸ػĻִ˱żֲɷǵпմ
ǽһɲǣЩߵɫ͵һ䣬ޱȵڵһʱףٲֱӴ߶Ը
߿ʼżӽÿǰһף׵Ĳ;һ֣ǿһ֡
λͨ񾳺ڵߣڳǰ׵ʱ򣬾ٶȷصػĻǰõִ¿£Щ˲ЩǱĻصԸķ䡣
һΪǿߣżƽ
żʮ׵ʱЩڻ۷ǣȫǱޱȵ˻
ֻʣ¼λǿ߻ڼᣬڲϵżӽ
ʮס
ʮס
ʮס
ʮ׵ʱλڵߣͻȻͷɿתǱޱȵķػĻ
һǾҪż֮ɷƷˡ
λںһλصߣڻǰ
գλִǾżһҵλãҲ޷ǰˣǰ·һεһ㡣
ȻⲻżõĵǿǣһЩֶΣֻǽӽżһ׵ľ롣
Ȼλǿ߶ȽӽżвģҶǣ
λڵߣȻɼȴЩţȻżɢ֮ɷǵвܴ
λصߣЩˣǴ߶Ļ׻лףȴһ㶼
һĻ˷ľЩԾˡ
Ҫ֪⻹һûоκƵĵرܹýǿٴУСġ
ҪøʦƣĹߵɿ׳ɳΪԪ顢ɾΪ鱦֮жôĿֲ
Ǻñɷ飬꽫ɾΪԪ飬Ϊ鱦һƷĺ鱦Ӧܲˡ
ңһƷĺ鱦㹻üһ֮ˣżһҪĵ֡
żĺñɲšøż̺ıԴʹǶƷʣš
Ψһȱ㣬Ҫüпɺ鱦ʱе㳤ߵԪ굯ָ
һҪ뷨ż
żƳɺ鱦֮󣬾ͻΪҶı鱦鱦֮Ҷ̳дλûκ谭ˡ
ɱ֮أɺ鱦֮ҲĳõʬɽѪ֮н꣬˵ܹﵽƷ鱦ĳ̶ȡ
ĳˣ
һĿĶżϱߣȻ֪ĵ׼ۣˣѾö⣬Ҫżˡ
֮Ĵ֮ѹ˵У
һöʱ򣬸ˣȴǰЩһ㣬һ̤ԸĹ䣬ҲһżıԴ֮Ŀֲ
ϾĲģһޱѵõĻᡣ
Ҷ棬Ҳ֮⡣
̤ػĻɲǣɷҶϮ
Ҷ沢ûڵһʱ߶ףֱӲһ
ĽҶ𣬴ҶһĸоҶĳεɷɷʱҶ׶ظ档
ʱҶһһֱߵżǰżڱԴܹ֮ܲ˵Ŀǰĺ뷨
ϧ̫עĿˣὫҶĺǿ¶գҶ뷨
ҶתתĹ䣬ҶתɲǣϴθҶ˴òͻȻͳҶ鸮֮УĻ
ҵˣҵˣ


1568 ٽ
ҵˣҵˣ
ôˣôãڵȵˡ鼤дżۿ
ͷ·𻶺صũһϲ
ʲôҵˣҵʲôˣҶ汻ͻۿе£ôˣһֱܰģ˵ġ
ܿҶͷӦˣĿת˻пմǿϼ
飬㲻˵ָϼɣҶʵ
ûϼ𣡡
ҵô꣬ΨһһҵԪıҾôüλˣֻиʱֿԪ顢ӵʵռıһΣҲҵһԵߡ
һҪõ֡鼱еĳҶ˵
֮䣬һδӵһ֮ԳɣһɫСҶ
Ҳܹɺ鱦ĺñ
Ҷ˵꣬ͼеĴҶĻǾ̫ˣҾܹӵˣⶼˣˣڿؼˡ˵˿ǻ
飬żûĳɽۣ»һۣҲ֪ûôʯҶ˵
仰Ҷڸ鿪ЦһƷճɽ۾͸ߴپʮƷʯ
ôһƳɺ鱦żأճɽۻжôֲ
żҪܽ׳Ϊһ鱦Ⲣļֵ
ҶƣɽͻƷʯһ㶼ѣǧпܡ
ԭܼ򵥣ʯϺֻܶ࣬ҪŬģ׬һ죬żƺΪ鱦ıȴޱȵϡ
ма
źʯµܣҲܹôһ鱦
ɾûˡ
ΪˣҶܻԼﻹʣµǼƷʯܲܳżĻ
ⲻ鰡
Ҷһͼˣ㲻ܰУҵҲҪżĵ
ĵرޱȵϡˣɾԶˡ
Ҫ»ʯֻҪĵ֣ұ֤ԺҸ׬
£ҶȤޣҺ֪ô׬
ô׬׬ǮģɱˣֻҪ˿ԪͿĳ֣ܹʵǣɵǵǿߣܹ׬
ҶˣɵǿߣĻǴ󰡡
Ҷ治ţһ࣬ɱţɵǿߣпܵģ
Ҳ¸㣬żֻҪĵ֣Լһ£ǿɸΣҾһڽ׳Ϊ鱦
ˮƽߣƷ鱦û⣡ҵټƷ鱦İӳƷ鱦սû⡣
˻
͵صһҶһֲ˼Ŀ⿴һӾͳΪ鱦
ô죿
飬㲻ҲȫĶڿҰɣ
¹δ£ڿʲôޱȵ࣬Ҳ¸⵱еԵɣʵܼ򵥡
㣬żɽ֮ΪʲôҪʱܹ׳Ϊ鱦ʵ
ܼ򵥰Ϊȱ鱦ĺģԪ鰡
˵Ҷˣ飬˵
ûҾԪ飬ֻҪҽУҾżƵĽԪ飬Ϊ鱦Ϊʲô
ң鱦֮Уûж˵ֻҪͳɡ˵
Ĭһ£Ҷһᾡȫ
һ־ͻ׳Ϊ鱦ıпܱϿں鱦սıҶûвȫɡ
ͬһɲǣֺŹ䣬ԭӥָпմżŸż֮У֮ɷʢõһƷ鱦ܲˡ
ȴȲôʱ䡣
ˣ
һһĽԭӥĺ鱦ڤɽ·һһ㣬ԭӥǰը֣ɷޱȼе·ԭӥ˵ʲôһ㡣
ԭӥһģָĺ鱦ڤɽңֻҪǿżƷףͻƷ鱦ĳ̶ȣս
һıԴǣպųƷ鱦Ŀܡ
ܵˣ
ԭӥǰڤɽȻڤɽĽ鶼ѾӦˣǾ;û⣬żһڤɽ׵ġ
֣˵ļ
ҵĲ϶޷ż״ЯĹõʯھż֮ʱӦÿԶðɣԭӥʵ
⣬ҲԭӥʱڵĿġ
û⡣Ļش𣬷ǳĸɴ࣡


1569 ԩ·խ
żļһƷʯÿμӼۣһƷʯ
żļֵڣ÷ļ۶ĲߣǶżļֵоԵš
żҪĹܽ׳Ϊ鱦ĻôżǾԲڵľĴϵġ
õȾĴᣬ֮⣬ҪһãΪռЩΪϡȱĵر
ʦĻأӼ۵ͬйɽһ̨϶Ӧľı˸ͣʦֲ嵽һλڼӼˡ
ܿģξͱսˣΪһλˣֱӽżļ۸񣬴һٶƷʯƷʯ
ųɵľߣ˲Ϣͱм۸̭ˡ
ʵ⣬ôһ˵һһɣӵеĹ̶ʲߴһǧǧƷʯ
ǣһӵй̶ʲһǧļ壬ϾֵܹʯܻһٿƷʯ
̶ʲǧʯļɣֵʯƷʯûС
ⲻһЦڵ
ȻȫԸϴ󲿷ֵĺҡ
ʲڿ⶯õֽ
ҲҶܹƼȾĴϳޱȺˬԭ
ǲ㱱ҶĹ̶ʲҲһǧƷʯǣҶЯĿ֧ʯͳһǧһ顣
⶯ǧƷʯģǿʲڵĴоԶĺҲе
ƷʯĽмֻۣǽһżЩޱȵļӼҵľģʼ
һʮƷʯ
ҳһʮ򣡡
ʮ飡
ʮ顭
Ӽ˷ҶȴûмżӼۣҶ淴ķ֣Ӽ۵ԭӥ
Ҷ氵Ը̾ԩ·խͬʱҲЩȣԭӥ֮ǰǾҺʱ򣬳۵һʮƷʯûǮôм۽еٶƷʯ
΢һ֮ǰĻҶףǸ֧ԭӥˡ
ʼ룬ǾʹԭӥλֲڵĲѾʼˡ
ҶͷͻȻͱޱȵĳء
һλܹǿʹΪūĴڣңܹ
ԭӥȵļӼҶͻȻһĪԤУżĵ󣬻Ϊԭӥ֮ľġ
ľԩ·խˡ
Ҷڹ۲죬Ҷ鸮֮е飬ȴǼˣͣڴߴҶ档
㵹ǳ۰
ٲۣⱦҪ˸ˡ
Ҷ淭һİۣ鼱Ҳڿˡ
ҳƷʯļ۴İһʮ͵ᵽҶͬʯ쾪һ㣬Ĵ
ʦ۾һӼ۵ķԽ󣬾˵־ڱص֮Խأһ˲Ķ֣ôɽҲԽߡ
ƷʯˣλżĽϵƺ鱦Ĳϣһγ֣ٶǰƷԶԶż
ż𣬿пƳΪƷ鱦ıƷʯ˭ҪӼۣ
ͬʱֺŹ䣬ԭӥɫ͵һ䣬վ𣬡ǵ
һϸҹȥһΣҸһ̵Ľѵȡ֮ǰϢҳ
ԭӥٴμӵʱһҶڹɳͬʱҶ𵴵쳹Ĵ
ҵʮƣִƣÿµκһһȾȨûĻʹȾȨ
һΪ֮Ȼڵ£һֲ˼Ŀ⿴š
ΪҶǰӱһѣֻߴƱʣû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼż
Сӣ嶯ˣ
˷Ѱ
żյĳɽۿܸߴǧ򣡾ʹȾȨֱȾȨŲס˵ģֻܹƴƴ
ǣڻһǧϵƷʯ𣿡ʹļ׵
Ⱦļָۣͬȼ۸ӵдȨĿȻõľƷ
ʱȾȨһͻ˷ģֱˡ
ȾȨʹȾȨľ־ڱص֮ġ
ÿγֻۣҪܹͬþƷ
ҶԷʱڸ߼ϷݺݵĿһѣòʧ
ȾȨļֵ֮һ
ֲֻǶһ޶ıϲֳ
żû˻ᱻˣգƴ²˵˷ˡ
ûô࣡Ҷˬĵ˵ͷ
û㻹ʹȾȨ˷ѰǱﰡҶԸӣ¶ȱԴĳ嶯
аҶһ˵
ǣƾʲôƷʯһȻ
צľѪţǧ̸һͰ͵ƷʯķãţҵƷʯ顣Ҷ˵
㡭
һ£Щĵ㶼֪ˣ
Ҷ濴ǧһۣǧǲҵġʾ֮󣬲ŽҸѪһ룬ת͸㡣

εİ̾һѵŮ
ͬһɲǣʦȷҶȾȨ֮Ҷٴ쳹ҵ
ðɣλ澹۰ɣҳļۣԶ߾ļһ˵꣬Ҷ˶ȡ
ֺŹ䣬ԭӥɫر࣬޳ܣ


1570 
ȾȨ⣬ǲ˽ģҪȻĵĹͺܲƽõֻгΪ޵ʮ
ҶǵһʮҶ֮ǰ߶ȾȨҲ֪ȾȨĺô
ȴȾȨĶġ
ûǶġ
뿴⾺ģһȺ˾㾺Ҳ˾ġ
мۣҼӼľ
ȾȨһãչֻҪʹ߲ǲм۶٣Ĭ϶ԷѾۣҼ۸Ľмһģһ
ңֻҪ㲻ӼۣʹʹȾȨһʤˣ
ѹԼԼ棬Ȼ˵ھۣоȫһ
ֻҪ룬;Բһ顣
ʱԭӥھָо
һſĿԵγˮ
ҳʮƷʯ
ҳʮƷʯ
ҳپʮƷʯ
ҳ߰Ʒʯ
ҳ߰ʮһƷʯ

ԭӥڲͣļӼУÿһμӼ֮ͣϼϢ֮ԭӥͼΪεټӴμۡ
һ˵ĶϷԭӥеơ
˾ۣԸݶԷļӼӼۣݶԷļӼ۷ȾͿжϳԷĳ۳ǻһսĿС
ںҹʧ˷һ㣬ֻżӼۣҼӼ۷Ȼ̫С
̫СĻͽжԷЦ
ܵǣԷȴʱȻݺݵĿһʡ
׵ңҲƷʯġ
ԭҶм߰һʮ飬ɼӼΪ߰ʮһ飬Сռơ
ڣȴڸԼϾֻͨСȵļӼۣ̽Ҷľ۵ߡ
ʲô׶ûС
ֺŹڣҶŶȣƷŲ裬ԭӥһﲻͣļӼۡ
ԭӥļӼĿҶ涼ûôܡ
Ҷֻ£һԭӥӼۼӵҶܹĲ޵ǸĿ
һǸĿ֣ʹҶ澺ʧˡ
ԭӥֹͣӼۣԭӥֹͣӼ۵ĻϾʹҶ澺ĳɹˡ
̨ϣʦҲЩΡ
ǵȾĴϵһγȾļۣû뵽ֳ澹ȻΡ
ε岻죬ձЩơ
Ȼľ߿ɲĳƣЩ˴۽磬Щ˿ЦЩ˾ͬԭӥ
һξˡ
ֺŹ䣬ԭӥȭͷ߬죬Ӽ۵ԽԽأɢɷ
ҪӼۣһԿţëЩԭӥ
ã
ԭӥܾëֵĺ⣬Сӽոҵ裬Բ֮ҹһʮٱû
ҳ߰ʮƷʯ
ҳ߰ʮƷʯ

ԭӥļӼһֱڼԭӥļӼ۷ȣȴСӼ۵ƵҲԽԽ
ĳμӼ֮Ҷǣȴһֱû
ļӼۣūһ£ǵϵĲƸӦһǧƷʯһǧһƷʯС֮ǰľУõٶʮƷʯ
ôСеʯӦٰ߰ʮ鵽˰ٰʮƷʯ֮䡣
Ȼڲμ֮ǰӦҲеԲ̫࣬ʮʮƷʯͶˡ
ȻʹȾȨ˵ż־ڱصãоġ
Ļܹ߼ۣӦǰ˰ٰʮ鵽ŰƷʯֱӼӼ۵Ű򣬿ôס
ԸԸӼۼӵޱƵԭӥصĵͷ֮࣬Ӽ۵͵һ˶ȺȵҳŰƷʯ
˴ļӼ۷ȣʦ۾һþĳĵǾһǼӼۼӳ𰡡
һԼӼһٶƷʯȿ湻໹ƴһѿܲĵżǣ׵ġ
˵Ŀ⣬Ҳһɲת˵ڵĵֺŹ䡣
˾ģǸʹȾȨĵּӼ۷£ӦҪе㶯ɣ
ϧǣ˾ҲûǸ򴫳һ
ֺŹ䣬ҶڵƷ裬ҡͷѡ
ףСӣǽǸӼ۵ļһˣһУܲǡ
ǣϲ
һǧʱҲҲϲϧǣʱ򣬶ʯû
ҿ㻹ֵܹʲôʱ򣿡ԭӥҧҧٴοʼӼۣŰƷʯԭӥԾСļӼ۷ȡ
ϧһӼۼΣԭӥûеҶֻٴοʼӼۣӴ˿̿ʼԭӥÿһμӼۣͷһӰ飬Ҳ
ԭܼ򵥣ȻҶĴʲм۳̶ȣԸӵеƷʯҲൽˡ
ԭӥԸӵеƷʯĿǰʣһٶ飬׽ĸõʯĿһһǧƷʯ
֮ǰİУѡ˼СͼƿҩõһʮһƷʯ
֮ĽмޣһǧƷʯͷӼ۷ȣѾ쵽ͷˡ
ҳŰپʮƷʯ
ҳһǧƷʯ
ҳһǧƷʯ

ֺŹڣüͷѾһ֣Ӽ۵̶ֳȣǸȻ
ǣѾ˼Ӽۼˡ
ūﻹжʮƷʯ㾡ܼӼۡ˵
ʮƷʯëæ˵
ҳһǧһƷʯһģԭӥЩĽгĿǰܹг߼ۡ
ǣԭӥٸߣû
ʮϢ֮Ҷ
ףôӼˣǼӵͷ𣿡ҶЦ𣬡ʦԷûгӼۣżǲǾҵˣ
أӦˡʦЦЩǿ
ܺá
ҶûأֺŹ䣬Щܲ˵ԭӥ͵վȵߣ˭˵ҲӼˣҳһǧһʮƷʯ
Ҷһ㣬ЦޣҪӰӣţûмӵǸҷĲ
ֺŹ䣬ԭӥŭĻȭͷҪٴβһеļӼۣȴסˡ
Ѿ㾡ˣټӼۣթˣһթıֵĻɵĴרõֺŹ䣬ͻᱻȡҲû볡ĿܣĿԭӥ˵
ϻһЩҩĵرԱۼۡҶ漤ԭӥʱֱһֻȥĳ嶯
ԣȴҡҡͷϵĵҩĵرϾ׼Ϊʵıкܶණϻ˺ܶ˼ܶʱŪġ
Ǿۼ۵ֳȥʯٲ˵һȵӰȡ
òʧ˼
⻰ԭӥɾǿҡҡͷҲģҪһϵЩĵر͵ҩãҲƷʯ
ҳһǧʮƷʯߣҸ𣿡
˵ӼۣҶЦ
һɲǣԭӥŭ쳹թģյҵһթģ


1571 һ
ǸҶӵеƷʯĿķҶͨĶ䣬Ҳ֪ˣĺܾ׼
ûгʮƷʯ
ҶǰߵľȷʵٶʮƷʯʣµʯȫһǾŰһʮƷʯࡣ
ҪǰĿ㣬ԭӥ˵ûҶȷʵթˡ
ǣҶһͰצѪ赽Ʒʯ
Ҷĵڡ
ԭӥһμӼۣĽмһǧʮƷʯ
ϴ赽ƷʯɻʮƷʯĲࡣ
ʮƷʯȴʲôĿˣҶ濪ڣǧ̾ͽϽеʮƷʯȫݵҶ
Ȼ˵Ҷ滹ܳﵽʮƷʯ룬ˡ
ģʯһỹŮģһûǰ㲻仰ҶǶһˬ˵ġ

³̾һǳ׵ˡŮĸֵĺˡ
ܿģþЩӵִҶ潻ڵʯĿ֮󣬾ͽطӡż𽻸Ҷ档
ͬһɲǣʦԭӥǸһЦλҷִʹȾȨĵѾ˽ףûթģġ
ֺŹڣӵԭӥЩЪ˹ûթģôܣ
ôܣ
Ƿżģֻܹ˽⵽룬ֶΣԤĶӵİƷʯҲ
ףǣż𣬰ѵһż𰡣ˡԭӥҧгݵ˵
ԣȴǸһ˿ЦĶĵһġ
ԭӥĿȻĿ˸
ȾĴ֮ūԳ֣Ϊȡǿżڣ͵дһɡ仰˵ļΪţԭӥ˵ͷ
ãԭӥĻͻһ٣Ҽǣһܺ
һҪһţܷʱԲ֮ҹһɱһѩǰܣ£ԭӥն˵
ԭӥģٴ̾һ˵ͷ
ԭʹ˳ż֮ʱ˳ƽ˼
û뵽Ȼ뵽һ㣬⽻ˣֻܰԸȥˡ
ףѾΪħˡ
ܹնɱôħͻΪպĴ谭
ڣҶվǰҲնɱҶˡ
ΪẦ
ǣھ˽һ־Ľ֮󣬸ͻȻûˡ
ԭȡİԲ֮ҹһսʤޱȵġ
ڣͻȻûˡ
һֲõԤС
ҡҡͷʹĽ뷨ϳԺ
ܹӳȫսʵٴδûκλģ
ԭӥĽ̸һֲıͽҶĶ䣬ǸٽҲ벻ؽ£һԶǵĽ̸
ʵ뷨ҶһҲ⡣
һ㣬ҶͿǵˣǸиǿ߻Ҷ⡣
˼䣬Ҷ潫Ŀ⿴£Цǰ֪նɱεΪĵǿߣ
նɱǿߣС˰ɣϷûǸ
˵һ룬¾ʱæԶҶ棬СӣһΣϷٰ㣬ȾĴ֮Ϸ뿪
Ϸ򣡡
Ҷ뷨µԺವֱ磬СӾȻȥпܴĵǿߡ
һĳ֣ԵģܲһλпǴҶǿߣȺΧ
˵Ŀܡ
İɣСˣ
Ůǧ̿Ŀ⣬εĽ浱ɵǳԸɷġ
ɵȾĴ֮Ի˺ɵϵĹؼ󣬼ӿͻİȫÿȾĴᡣ
İɣֻҪɵϣû˸Ҷ㣬ǵǿҲС
ޣô˵ҶЩɻ
ʱ֪ˡһӡ
Ĵڼż֮óѹرÿһޱȵ
пܣ⼸ѹرҶÿһĵϡ
ǣȱʯҶֻĿű˽мۡ
ȻҶѹر޷żȵġ
գѹرֱĳʮƷʯ˰ʮƷۡ
ȾĴƷģҲѹرĽ
һλʦ̨鱨ʹῪʼʱҶ͵ֱ壬μɵȾĴĿġ


1572 Ҷ
ɵȾĴᣬʵΪΣһΣǷҶľġ
ҪĵرͨؼƷĿԿʵ
ڶΣͲһˣҪ׶鱨ϢûʵϢ
ԣ»ʦոϳ˵һ൱Ļ
λɵȾĴй鱨Ϣ͵Ľ׼ʼڽ֮ǰҪλ֪һ½׵ع򡣡ʦ˵
鱨Ϣף֮ɵʵʵԣֻڽ鱨ʱܵѯϸڣҪӰ
ܶɸһЩ鱨ͬʱ鱨ϱ߸֪Ϣο
ˣȻ޷֤Щ鱨Ϣ׼ȷԣʵԡ
ԣһλʱλԱϣ鱨Ϣ٣ûκιϵ
Ȼ⵱УóƷ鱨Ϣǿȷٷְٵȷ
֮⣬շĸͣǷģȻ񣬵ȴ̺޾Σա
λȥʱԽ
еͣȴԱֻ֤Ҫ񣬾Ͱٷְٵܹõ
Ϊڷ֮ʱѾ͵ͶѺá
ԣͶȤĹǣԾ棬ǽʼ鱨Ϣľġ
һ鱨᰹䣬᰹һǧǰС硢СڵľѪ֮󣬾ʧ硣
С磬Ҳûҵ᰹
Ŀǰ˷᰹Ĳ֮أһ˼֮أԵ᰹ĿǰĽᦣ鱨߷ǰ᰹֮ص·Ӱ
鱨ļʮƷʯÿμӼ۲Ʒʯ
˵꣬ʦֲһ䣬ýһЩĹ֪ǵĵڶε鱨Ϣ͵ļۡͶȣɼ鱨Ŀͻ߷͵Ŀͻƶɵ޹ء
ļۣҶһһ鱨ļ۾ֵʮƷʯ
һ㶼֡
΢΢һЦǧǰǳһùһʧأǧһֱ׷ѰǸ᰹䣬ûκϢ
һǰһɵͣʮƷʯ᰹䣬һֱûн
ڣӦ˵õ᰹䣬鱨һû鱨ķֱӽļ۶ʮƷʯļۣӦþǳɽˡ¸Ҷ潲Ÿֽƹʡ
Ȼϣ᰹鱨Ȼû˳ۣʦ֮ǰһεʮƷʯ鱨
Ǯ׬湻׵ģһ鱨ʮƷʯҶ̾һ䡣
׬Ǯÿ˵Ҫȥ᰹䣬ϰ꣬Ҳܹҵ
ЩתһȦͿˣּ˵ܹ׬Ǯˡ
⵹Ҳǡ
Ҷͷ֮࣬ѾԾһᷢ͵ʱ򣬾ͽеȫңĴ֮Ҷ滹ҪɵȾĴЧͣҲȫ
磬˵ˣܺ׬һʡ
Ҷͽϸߣϸžĵ鱨ϢҶڴڴĿԲ䱾Դ鱨
ϧǣʮ鱨ϣ֮ǰһ㣬һϡŹֵľ鱨ϧǣ鱨кüǿԲȱԴйص鱨ȴһûг֡
գҶʧճûзֿԲ䱾ԴϢ
ҶǰѾԤˡ
Ϊĳ̶ֳ϶ԣ䱾Դ鱦Ҫּ֡
õܹ䱾Դˣ϶ϾֻԪݽ֮ϹҪܹ䱾Դ»Ԫ
ЩϹһΪ߾ɵйңǵ£ΪܹػԪǲƴ۲ϧһУǳΪҲΪ
⵼˲䱾Դޱȵ֣˵ʵ鱨ܺ
ҲΪҶԤϵһ㣬ԣҶ׼ͣ
鱨ϢĽ֮ʽʼ
һ飬ͷǳ򵥣ʦݣͶ
Ȼ󣬻Ὣеݼһڣ͸еĲλߣңὫе̺йۡ
Ϣ֪Խ࣬ԽɵĿܡ
һѰ˫ӰͣͶʮƷʯЧڰꡣ
ϽһԵ͵ˣϣҵ˫Ӱ޵䣬ܹõ˫ӰޣΨһǵĸ޵׷ٱ
ָͲѰŮģ࣬ѰҸģйӶߵ͡
һǧ߰ʮͣ߼ܹ䱾Դ䣬ľˮ֮ͶʮЧڰꡣ
⣬λ۵ĿԲ䱾Դֱϵ̺ţȻϵ˫Ǣ̸
͹͵Ļ˵ʯ⡣
ʦոͣҶԵ¾͵һ̧ͷЩ⡣
ʮֱʿ湻󰡣
ҪȾĴṩӦû֮ǰʮֻͣ˵Ҳ١
񣬾Ǿ޶ˣ⣬ʯ򵽡˵
ԣҶ΢΢һʵǰ˵ʮֱʺܴඣͣӦûţ˵ܿͻнɣ
һģܿнȴһܹ䱾Դǲࡣ
仰Ҷͷһ½ĻȴҶһϣ
ν֮±·һȾĴ֮ʮļֵ귭ֹ
˵ˣϷҲ֮ܲҵǲ䱾Դ䡣
з֣Ϸһ׬ʮ
ܹ͵ȡߣϷͻϵ˽ף뷨ȡ˵
СҲҶ˵
ߣƾ㣬Щ֮ûȥ군ˣˡû˵
٣ϲ˵ˣµƾҵһȽϺãҶЦ
ԣ·һİۡ
ҶͷȴԶĵǿ߶ˣĵһܶࡣ
ôҶҵСĿԣͻ÷ǳ
ҶѾˣҪģǵȣϢ
͵Ŀ࣬ʦĿ죬ЩĿʱ
ʱ֮󣬵ڵľһöʱ򣬾ʹһεȾĴʹ˽
ͬһɲǣһõִ£ɢžϢǿߣҶڵĹſڡ


1573 µ
ɵȾĴĽ׶ȣ㽫Ϊɵⰲͻ˵ôһ䣬ӽִ¾ͽĿͶ¡ǧ̼ˣ˼ײ
޷ǶΣֱ˵Ҷ˵
õģִµ˵ͷֽʱ̻ܱ֮߰ڣ֮⣬ǱڵصףԷԶݷ͵Ϯɱ
⣬ͱҪṩȫλľ󷨡ȻԼľҲԵʹãΧṩġ
ң⼸λ۷ĸ֣һڵķλ£һڣϰλִֵһֵϢɵĵǿߣҲ˲ִ
һУΪ˱ɵİȫ
ֻҪԸ⣬ֻҪɵϣǽİȫֱ뿪ɵʱ䲻ܳ¡
֮ǻδ뿪ɵǽ᳷֣ȡⰲ½⡣
֮⣬ڼƻ뿪ɵǽᰴҪ󣬰ͨ߷ʽ㰲ȫɵ
Ȼ㲻ԸǵⰲԽ롣֮ǰҪǩһԸðŵⰲŵӡǡ
ȻֻҪɵһ죬ɵϵĹЧֻᵱͨ˶Դִº˵һͨ
Ҷ֮ǰ˵ɵû˸ҶԭԭȾĴ֮󣬻ⰲһ˵
λ۷ǿһڻٰλָϵֵϢͻеǿ߳֡
£ǵǿҪҶĿԣҲޱȵĵ͡
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ͵óһжϣǸӦԭӥҪûżĸɵֵĿԣӦûܵͺܵ͡
Ҫ֣п뿪ɵ֮
жϣҶʱ˼ƽϡ
ֻҪԽˣ;ԲܾðŵⰲҶԴûԲܾ
ȾĴĻ軹ڼʱҶڰǿߵʽ֮£ӹͨ뿪˾Ĵ¥
̤Ĵ¥ʱɵУͳһķѲߣŸֿܵΣա
ͣоͨͨߣŸգԷͻȻжݳʩչɱ
λִµĻ˵ϣ£ǧֶͨݷѲ󣬶žŸִɱĿܡ
ãѾⰲ˼¡
Ҷͷ΢Цţţʵжϣνⰲ
ΪʱõرµҶ棬һӰ
ڴǸҶ棬ǸҪĵһ˲䣬Ҷ͵µ棬óһӰʧӰ١
е¥ܱ߲õַ󷨺ͷֶΣȷʵͰһ㡣
ҶҪݳҲǼѣʩչĵط
ڣԴõһ֧ͭҶĵط
ңҶһҲΪԼĽ졣
Ϊ䷢֣λִ´Ҷ뿪ֺŹŵʱֺŹĸͻȻʧˡ
Ҫʴ֪͡ģ
򵥣Ϊ䷢֣ԭӥڵĹڣһڸ޵ĺͻȻʧˡ
ڱ˵ĶУʲôڴĶУÿһŶһ޶ĳࡣ
ʧʹпܻڴʱǿг֡
ö룬Ҷ˸뷨Ǵǿг֡
ô߱Ҷ棬ǿг֣һᱻһᱻһܵ
ǣǵǿ߰
ƴӲЩߵĹǿնɱҶ棬źܴܵġ
ȫЩǿߵĹΪȡҶʱ䣬ңֻҪͨռͨɵĵǿ߸ϵ֮ǰҲ뿪Ŀܡ
˵Щǿߣǳͬǵǿߵȫһ˾һ㵫Բ
£Ҷ͵Сġ
ҶѾ䡢ǧĻԶһ㣬Ҫ̫òǡ
һ뿪¥ոգ׼帣ӵʱµһޱȵɢ˷
ͬһɲǣһǿޱȵĵϢΪɢ
ɢǵϢǱ˵Ķŵһ㣬˲ǿߵϢ
УһĨ΢޷ӦϢһ㣬˲ϢɢӰ١
ڴͬʱɢϢŻջأǰͷֵĪΣУʱѾˡ
ǻҵĺ°״Ҷǲ괫˵
ȻǸҪҶ棬ôõĻҶҪһѡ
֮ǰ˵ܣҶû뵽õⰲȻˣʵǿǸһѵĺûᡣ
ľͨͨĵǿڲ࣬ãǸҲδ֪
Ҷû뵽ǣǸʧ˼Ȼǿгֱ֣ŵıӰ
ϧ˴õĻᣬȴΪɢһϢǸˡ
£
ԣĹһۣûҵҶڵλãСǶˣǣûˣ
һǿ߱ȫ֣ǿҪѵģһãɵҪ׳졣
õЩǿߣ϶ɵĵصһλǿƴģޱǿơ
ңһǿȫ֣㲻ͽܣһŮءû˵
Ҷһ£ָǧ̣ǧ̻⵽֮ꡣ
һ㣬Ҷ浹û뵽Ҳٲ
С粨֮⣬ֱص帣ӣҲûκΣա
һ帣ӣλҶĸ֣Ͳػ󷨣һٴеģ
Ҫ뿪ʲôһҪ֪ͨǣ򲻿˽뿪˵ءȻҶ뿪رִ»ǰؽһ
ֻǾ벻ǴʱľȻֻһҶ뿪ǵƤӵ¡
СӣŮķϣϷٶ죬ǰȫ뿪ɵ֮Ϸ뿪˵
Ҷ˵ͷǳµ顣
ԭܼ򵥣Ϣ֮ǰѾҶ㱨ǸѾ١
ūҲû뵽ǸߣȻеǿߡūѾǸǿߣǸǧйأǸûжٹϵ
ֻҪڣǾûжֵĻᡣ
ҾգǸǿ뿪ֻ뿪ɵ֮ٶ֡ԭӥľڣ˵
ͬһɲǣҶոն帣ӵصʯңǼޱȵٴҶ鸮


1574 
죬ҶСӣȻѾõż㲻ʦ𣿿ƣؼգѾȲˡ鼱ޱȵҶ鸮쳹
Ҷȴû飬ǽ飬ɿͳһ̫ŴصʯΧ
Ҫõⰲ̫λˣλص׶ŵĸ֣ʱѾ̽帣ӵص׵
ص׼׵ĵطŹҶٲֽţطҪˡ
Ϣ֮ǿߴʯϿնݹҶһ
ʱҶеһ裬ȡ˴ǰĵǿҶ̼Ƶ̡
ոȡûϢҶͽ·˻ȥҶ鱾һŮ¡
һŮһԺ룬ǿɲһܹܵ˵ġ
óʩطӡżϰ֮Ҷ泤̾һ
飬Ҳ㣬Ҳؼաʵǡʵˮƽ
ҵĿǰż𣬻ǳǿߣĿǰʵƷҲޱȵǿɹʲߣ˵ƺ鱦ˡ
Ҫƺ鱦죬ҲԺ󣬶ҳɹʻܱ֤˵ҶͰο顣
飬ʵѾⲻ֪ˣҲ⼸ĹɣĹһһ塣Ҷ˵
Ĭһ£ʵҵ壬Ҫ㽫Ƴɺ鱦ֻҪʱĵرﵽ鱦ĳ̶ȾͿԡ
ֻҪżȥʣԼɽΣǬԱôС󷨣Ϳˡ
鱦ĺģ飬Ǳ
ֻҪƳɺ鱦Ĳϣֻ֮Ҫȥܹɺ鱦
ȻпƷ鱦ֻҪڣͲȥ˵仰ʱޱȵš
ңⲢһζ֮ͣ໥ΣպȫԵȵƺ鱦ʱٴż֮г֮ٽȥ
ʱƷ鱦Ʒ鱦Ϳˮƽˡ˵
ЩҶЩԾֻҪһ£ȥʾͿԣĿԣ
ΣҪ󷨣¾һҲãǬⷨ󡢼ͷ󡢼編󡣡˵
ĻҶ໨ʱ䣬ǿֻƷͻܲˣƷ硣Ҷ˵
ģڣǽƳɻˮ׼һ룬Ǻ鱦ޱȵš
Ҿԣ
䣬⼸һ㣬ԭӥһˣ뿪ˣ֪ͨҡ
֮ǰҶ滹ǽ¡
Ȼܿ⸣һѣôҶ滹Ǵԭӥ⡣
Ҷ治֪˵ĸԭӥʵıʲôطֻиȥлᡣ
ʱƾݣҶ˵ժӵĻᡣ
㲻ժӣҶҲҪ뷽跨ĵңԭӥʹ˴ʵ
˵ʵ֮ǻ¡
ϥ֮Ҷ³ɫ𣬿ʼż
ϧ˰ʱ֮żûκαļ
üͷһ壬Ҷ׻Ƹ֣ʼ׻ƣͬʱɢŰϢɫӿҶ濪ʼѹ
ò˵żֺ鱦ĵرǳǿҶ׻Ƶļӳ֡ɫѹǿ֮һ֮󣬲żԱ
ֻҪ˵ҶнĿܣֻҪĵʱ䣬ɱӡ
Ҷһƣʱ䡣
Ҷҹ߲ݣĵ˽ǧƷʯŽżһ̲Һ壬ʼ̺еʡ
ֻҪеɾôʹƳɹˣɽκڽֻ󣬶ҶԣǺɵġ
ѵڽϵӷҪͻޱȾϸĿƣҪһҺ̶֮״̬ҶĿǰΪҲ޷һ㡣
ģĶֲֻܽڵˡ
ǽʦһҶ汩
ԭܼ򵥣ĵرȻԶƣÿһΣ̺ͻʧһ֡
ƴ࣬ɷҲźܴܵġ
ҶȴûⷽĵģΪһʱΪ鱦ĵ飬ͻὫżеס
ҲҶƵԭ
Ҷż⼸У帣ڻǱȽϰȵģûκ쳣Ҳûκ˸š
⣬Żʱǰ¡
Ҷעԭӥ͸⼸ںܰȣû뿪ɵ
ԣ⼸죬ÿ춼һޱ޵Ϣ帣ӡ
ЩҶĽǿû֣Ϊޱǿĵǿߣ
ҶƣӦǸڿǡ
֮û뿪ӦڵҶ뿪ɵ
ɲһ񰡡ӦʧҵĴ㣬ȻҲлǡ
һҶеһ̲żҺ壬Ҷ£һѽΡ
ͬʱ겨Ҷ׼õļˮһĴӸոɵСӹ
ͷ·ƽһ㣬СĽѼ·
ͬʱʼɿȴһĨɷŷɲǣҶ涸һ
ˣ


1575 ֮
ֻж̶̵һʱ䣬һʱڣ̷ֻܾһǬⷨؼͷ󡢰ؼ編󣬾Щˡ
˸СҶЩϧżȷʵǺñҶ淽ڶʱ̵ķҪǷŵһĵرϣҲƷˮ׼
ǣż̵֮ɷȻϢӲƵƷĳ̶ȡ
飬ˣ棬ͿˡҶ˵
ʱ鷴ˣ˼һµȽߴӡȻ鸮ںʱʱӵ˳ĸС
ںģҶʵ
Ȼ͸߸һ㣬żڲûвԪ飬Ҷԣһߡ
ҵԪ֮ҪҵϢϢ׵ںϣҲܹ׵˵
Ҫ೤ʱ䣿Ҷʵ
Ϊûκǣʱ֮ڣͿںң֮ڣںϰ˳ɣһ֮ڿںϾųϣ֮ڣںϾųɾš
Ҫ볹׵ںϣҪһջ۵Ĺ꣬ʮ꣬Ͼұ塣̾
˵ֲ꣬˵ǣ˵һµ壬ֻҪԲͻܻ᳹ںϵģһ㣬һԶ޷׵ں
ʼɡ
żҶԸƵҶ˽˽Լһ㣬Խ鸮ҲһӲĹˡ
һ֮һдСҶ鸮֮УͬʱҶĵһ͵һһɢž˽ɫҲҶ鸮֮С
ֵɲǣǱдС
ڽȥɲǣǱдС͵һ£ȻһһĽ
żڲȻѾʼ̻ˣҲһǣҵںϣûӰ졣
黰صͬʱҶ鸮ڵдСϢʼٵ
ɢϢƷʼһ·Ͽ쭡
ƷϢƷϢƷϢ̶̰ʱ֮󣬾Ȼһ·ͻƣɢƷ鱦Ϣ
ң⻹յ㣬ϢڳţϢԭдĽ⣬ͻȻһĨɫı˽ɫ
ȻƷƷ鱦֮Ϣڼûκͻơ
ְ֮˸ϽɫĹ⻪ͻȻɢ־콣ɷͬʱ
ںɰ룬еҪһ㡣ˢƿϽɫС͵شҶ鸮Ҷǰ
⻪һãϽɫСͻûһĿݡӢ˲Ů
ûŮȻϢޣֻҪһۣҶ棬Ҳ˫Ŀʹ
һ˽йϵ
ǽ⽣Ҳ޷ȫء
ҶܿĿ⣬ոջɵüͷһ壬Ҳʶʲô
ӣǲǰ߰ͻȻ䣬鿴Ҷ棬ҶСӣ㲻̫ıԴһ㣬ıԴҰæҾͲҪҵıˣͲˡ
̫ıԴô֪ģҶЩԾ飬ɴûи˵
ߣô벻֪У鸮£һ֪ܲ𣿡˵
Ҷ滳ŵԪ鰢󶸵˳վҶļϣ˫צȵҪԴû⣬ǣӽҾϴҵŮ
ŮָոճڵɲǣԲһɣһɫವĴҶͷһն
٣˲ҡ
һɲǣڵԪ鰢;ҿԪ飬㡭㡭ô˵ң
屻һԪ鰢󣬼Ŀ˳һŰİ
ңһȥûʮµĹ뽫ֺ
Ԫ𣿱СҲǣĶԪ鰢󣬡С㲻Ԫ飬һרնɱԪͨҪҪԣ
Ԫ鰢̬һ¹صĽ⣬ϢԪ鰢
һɲǣԪ鰢ͷɱһĲҽһҶĻ
Ҷүܹɱҡ
ҶĿһǵ¹صĽ⣬ͻȻƾɢͬһɲǣ̽־ͽûҶ滳Ԫ鰢
ߣԺ˭֪𣿡ʵ
үԺǴүٴһɵʱ򣬰æĸĿڣǴүǴǴ󰡣


1576 
ҹ߲ݣȻҶ滹Լֵס廹Ǿ񣬶Ѿƣޱȡ
һҶ˯ҹһϢƽʱʱ˯ʱӶࡣ
֮ҶŴѯԭӥǵĶ
Ҷ֮ǰԤϵһ㣬ڵҶ뿪ɵԣʱڣֻҪҶ治뿪ɵǾͲߡ
ȻˣҶֵöһʱ䡣
ϾҶһչƻôпܻᷢսʱʵԽǿͶҶԽ
Ҷٶ죬ٵ齫żںϵ˳ϣųá
Ҷ֮һڶʳ¯ĺ鱦ϡ
Ҷ뷨żɵģͽżɽߴ֣ɽ
ȴޱȵľһҪΪ
顣
ɽ
ðɣҶ֣ʵҲûʲôҪȣɽɽǸֶѡ
֮أҶһ
Ҫ񰢳֮ǰС뿪Ҷ鸮ߣ£ҶӦĺˬ졣
Ϊһݣȴ˼Ρ
ߣܵиݣҪȻҶγƺν
˼ܳƺãǽ㣬Ҷǵܵܡ
£Ԫ鰢󲻸ˡ
һȻûʲôڲ٣һͺ˵ĳΪ󣬵ĴԣҶĽ㣬ȴԲС
ΪĻֱӴСܱˣƾյһײ㡣
ҪջǱԴ
ڽϵҶҲˬϾֻǽ飬ǲǵ
ҶԪ˵ǿӲ£ЭҶ͹ϵȻġ
ϴԪ鰢󣬻Ǿͷ棬ֻСèǧ̣Ϊ
һΣҶûǰǰּۻۣһܲǵÿı¡
УϲŽᣬǽߵŪһ㣬ǺӦ׵ġ
Ҷв鷭һİۣΪô
԰취˵
ǣҶֲһ䡣
ĿǰʵҶʵڿ͸
ң˵Ἰͨһ飬ȻҲһͨʵڽҶЩ㲻ס
ҶĻԪ鰢ɲһܹסġ
ҲǵġӦ˳ŵ
Ȼ˳ŵʣµ£ҶͲˣɵȥڡ
ҶȴЩͷʹгһգСѹСǸӣ鶷ɸʲô
δ˱Դ˯֮ǰСҲǳɹʰԪ鰢˴󰡡
Ҷģʱ򣬳϶ܾңһ̫á
ںϵĹҶʱϸоȾĴĵһ
Ǹ̼Ƶ̡
ȾĴʱҶûоʱȴϸоˡ
һѾҶ̾һ˷ҶǰҶһǲųһ
۲˼ϢҶǾ¶һ˿ɬ֣һƷ
ʮƷʯһƷ˭¶۵ġ
Ҷηֵģʵ̰һʱ򣬾ͺˡ
Ҷ̣ÿһϢޣȫӦҲ޷ֱÿһ̵ľƷϢ
ģ
ҶȾĴ򵽵̣ϢҲޣ̺񣬵ǣϸӦͿȷʵһƷ
Ʒ߲֪ʲôƷϢصĺϸĸӦ£ܷϢ
˰
̾һҶһ£̸ٵδ³ջء
ҶͻȻ뵽һ⣬޵ϢʽСͬĻƹ죬ޱȵơ
ôߣνƷƵأ
Ҷ̵ĳߣϵأ
𰸾ֻһǸߣ̻Ҳӵһ̡
ǸһƷ̷ŵɵȾĴкĿҲۡ
룬ߣܾҶѰ̵
оֻӵ̣ΪҶѰ̵
ǣѰأ
Ҷһʱϵɽ䭣һ£̵ļߵݡ
ôС˽ûġ
ɽ䭺ܿͻظҶ棬ġ
̣ɵȾĴһֹ飬ÿζģɽƾߵʯ
ⷽʹ˶ˣҶ漸ʧȥ׷ѰĿܡ
ܿģҶͷ֣һ
ַ
ͬʦУвַͬ
Ҷ洫ԵĻ˧УַԵΪסͬһ·ļǿ֮ͬļͬʱʹá
һо֮Ҷ淢֣ƷڵַȷʵеԣѰɺѡ
Ҫҳ롣
ǣҶȴƷĳĴһеĺ˷ֵ귨
귨磬һʦֺˡ
ЩֺŵĵߵԸ̳ڵĵߣһǵŵͳһıǣţ̱ꡣ
귨󣬾ЩɾʦĶұ־Ʒ
ѰңӦû


1577 µĳŵ
귨ڣûм¼ϷԸ׷һ
ܹʸ귨ʦ磬ţëԲ֮
ֻҪʱ;ܹҵˡɽ䭵ĸۡڣϸоҶ귨
Ǻ£ǣǷˣʼҪģԥһ£Ҷ滹ʵִ£ҪڵҪʲôҪҪ֧ã
һ˼ȫ׵Ҷ棬귨ѰңҪúܶ֡
Ŀǰȷʵûʸô֣ⲿͻĻ֧ʯΪͻʼޣʱܻܳܳҲ֤н
֧ʯҪ֧٣ܱ֤нʱ䲻̫Ҷģһ¼Ȼʯ;ûǷıҪ
һƷʯ𲽡ЦеĿҶ棬ȻҪôĻԴۡ
ҶЦһ£ε̯̯֣ðɣǾ鷳ˡ
ɽ¶һ˿ʤ΢ЦҶ˼ôܹס
ô̫̫꣬ˣֻ֪ɵĹϵ޷õġ
ܹõģΨи顣
Ҷи飬һ֣Ƚѡ
ô˶֮ҶǷ飬Ǻܺõѡ
ԣڲҶҶ治鷳
Ϸͻ尲ȥ˳ĻһھͻнҪҵĻǾ˵ˣꡢ߰궼пܵģӦò̫ɽ˵
УҵҶϵĿ⿴ϷϷǲġڣϷݵִ£һ֮ڣֻܽһֱӷԸȥ
Ȼִֵ£һ壬Էɽ䭽һ䡣
ҶҶ췢ģĿûκα仯ϼһ˵ġ
飬ǷĲС
ҪҪϷԻȥʵ
Ҷҡҡͷá
뿪䭵ĸۡðŸҶİλϵµĻҶ淵帣ӣУֵϢ֡
ת帣ӵʱҶУһ˿ʧ
һȥɽй귨飬ʵҶⰲŵġ
ҪȻΪ˰ȫҶ淢һѶɽҲ̵ʱڸϹ
ʱҶûдǧֻ̣Ԫ鰢̫û˴͡Ҷ󣬶͡ıҶ
ΪľǸ֡
һǸ֣ɵĸ־ԻһսɵƴսҶȣƴ
øӦûʲô⣬Ȼ·Ҷٳû֪ͨɵߵķλ
ôøǿҲûпܣãҲˡ
ûвҶ¾ûôĹ˼ɡ
˵ʵͼıеǼܹԭӥʵıͼıԭӥ
ӵ鱦ԭӥһƶı⡣
ǣֻҪǸڣ⣬ѣϲܡ
ϧ⸣Ȼסû֣ǴҪҶ뿪ɵٶˡ
Ҷ治֪׷ٵķʲôҶȴɵˡ
ٴȥ仯Ҷ治յˡ
ǰǰЩӳԮ֣ǿżǷƷʯһȴȫϡ
һƷʯȻ㡣ʣµƷʯҿ꣬꣬һ㻹ϵġ
˵ţҶ潫ǰħ˧ȡȾĴĳǾſĳʯ
һƷʯ£ʣµͷҶԸ
ӹҶϵĴָĴһ£ЦСŪʯı»ġ
ʣµƷʯ㲻ûˣȨϷһ⣬סǧ̺һ㡣
ҪŰǧֻ̣ǧ̲ʲôԭ䣬ʱϷԲŹ㡣
أ̤磬ϷҲҪҵ㣬Ƥǡ˵Ѿɫ
ǧǰͽεʲôǧ̾ͲҶ֮ƭ˵Ļǲ˵ġ
ᾡȫǰʦͽ֮ꡣνϷȫףȻѾӸ϶Ҷǧǰʦͽ֮꣬ôҶҲᶨôΪô
°üһƺ̫Ҷı֤תһ룬Ҷ˵Ǵʵ
ϣˡ޷ɹվϷϷȡ¶ݺݵĶҶ棬ٴκȵϷŵΪŮΪ㣡
ǰģĳŵһлãԲŹǷʯսϡ
һһ룬Ҹǧǰʦͽ֮꣬㻨ʯչǧ̡Ҷ˵
ٴ¶֮ɫƷʯȱǿߣҲޱȵʹҲҪܳʱܡ
û뵽Ҷ澹Ȼھ;ܾĺ⡣
ȣҶֱӵȴʵĻͻȻģǧ̸Ҷ棬ƺҲ̫
ˣ˰
ϣı⣬ϷĳŵòҪõһ졣ԣ³̾һֿһھǧ̣ͻأʵʲôʱ뿪
ҶһУǿҶҪ뿪ˣЩİ׻ˡ
ߣ


1578 թ
ҶߵʱϢҪǧ̵Եʣ¾ҲֲҶ뿪ˡ
ˣҲûзҶԺַʽ뿪ġ
Դˣ˺֮⣬ֻиˡ
ΪҶֶԽŮǧ̾Խȫ
ǰλ帣ڱҶõĸ֣µ£Žڲ쿴Ҷµ
Ҷ뿪Ѿʱˡ
ȻмӸҶӡΪ֤ǾʹҶѾԼ뿪ˣҶⰲʹ˽
ɽյϢ֮󣬲⡣
ҶһҪܹԹԵĽǵİţǲŽйˡ
ó帣֮ҲϢ뿪ˡ
ͬһɲǣһֱֳһڹע帣εĸͻȻ۾̾һ
̾˱ԭӥ
ʲôˣԭӥʵ
ūܣСӸˡһĲСӦǷһЩ˿켣ң뿪帣ӣӦū֡
ҿūǸǿûУпסû֣ҪȻūпܱˡ
СɱūֲɣʱԶݣ뿪ϢϷûзκ쳣˵
ԣԭӥüͷôˣżô죿
ȻˣʱڣͺٷмСõż𣬴뿪ʮа˾Żȥż
Ȼȡ̵ʱڣżɺ鱦
ҲǺ£ʡ鷳Ȱ֮Բ֮ҹһսսֱƺõĳƷ񲻸Ǻ£˵
ԭӥ˵ͷȷʵˡȻǵˣҲͳǰǴذɡ
а겻ʱڣҪıҵΪҪȵ
Բ֮ҹҲҪʤҪѹʽʤϴˢ裬Ѫޣ
ھͳɡ˵
ԭӥ븣ˣȴǾ벻Ҷʱ֮⣬ͨ츳ͨһһ
ҶȻͼı˵ԭӥսıֻҶʧ˲ŻҶżԣҶʧˡ
ֻҪݣҶʧʲô¡
Ҷڵǣθǣ
һÿЯĶŲɣŴĻ㱨Ҷĵһ䡣
Ҷⷬľİ׷ˣΪҶѹû취׷١
ˣǶˣۡ
Ҷͷһɣò
ֻҪֶΣ¿ЩҶҲܹ׷ϡ
ϧǣ츳ֻܴͨµõĽۣͨʲôۣ޷ϳ
Ѿˣ򣬶ϣٴ˵ˣǵٶڲϵԤưʱ֮󣬾ͻ뿪ҵ츳ͨӷΧ
츳ܹͨΧĿǰԼʱҶǾԭӥǣԼһǧ
֮ǰʱܷɳǧ·һʱʱٴԼҡ
ٶȣѾﵽ˽۷ǿߵļٶȡ
ٶȣѾҶСèܹϵġ
ȥֻۣܸٶȡ
ۣҶǡһңҶ浱һҹʮһۡʱսƷһֱûôãȴˡ
һһҰƴССͳҶУɲǣСӭǡ
ǵʮ״Сܹɵ޵ʱҶ͵ԾҴָŵͳ˧õۡ
ޣȻҶ桢䡢ǧ̡Сè;ͷˡ
ƾճֵ飬Ǻ棬ȴûκ˶ʡ
ʯӽʯյɲǣ˲Ϣͻһʡ
۵ٶȣʼٵ
伲ٲĴ䲻ͣĻ㱨˫ľ룬֮ľ룬ڼҪٶȡ
֮ľСҪٶȡ
֮ľѾȶٽһЩ̫ԶĻҵ츳ͨʩչ̫࣬޷־á
ңһǵгб䣬Ҳ޷ʱ֡˵
Ҷû˵ֻǲϵĿ󷨣ٶȡ
ٶȴﵽµʱʯڵƷʯۿɼٶڷɿʧš
Ҷһ£ٶ£һʱҪһƷʯ
ˣ֮ľ룬ڳӽĿǰѾСҡ㱨
Сǧ֮Ҽ١Ҷ˵
ǧһȽϰȫľ룬ԶҲ
ǿߵǿǿһֱϽ˲Ϣչǧ޲ԲǧǾ޿ܡ
ˣԼˡʱ֮󣬴͡˵
֣Ҷ˵
ããУǧһţż⣬Ҳûκ⡣
˭ҲὫǰǧλ
ڵڣë߶۷ӣǵԭӥϥƣӦ
ǵĿĵغԶҪɺܳʱ䡣ЩĵĴ͡ԭӥʼ֮˵

ҶĿ⿴ǧ̣ǧ̣ʹϿۣб仯Ͻҡ
ϣҶ̽ȡ˴ǰȾĴȡõöͨʥ̷ȥ


1579 
ͨʥܹȵͨߵʵȻǰǲطĵ㹻࣬鸮ǿԶԼʵΪ
һ㣬߶ԣЩѶȣԵҶ棬ټ򵥲
ҶģСڵĻһǿߵķ²ôҶΪпܴĿǰͨһͨǰء
ϧǣûҵСǰѵĲ䱾Դ
ҲΪԭҶܹһΪͨʥĸо̫ǿҡ
ԷɵˣͻȻʼܣ϶᲻ˬ
Ҷ鸮ߴĿǰʡĵӰˮ޳͵Ļľ
ĵƣѹҪҶ滨ʱȥ顢̫źĴС̺޾ϵơСк鱦׹ޣӵµĵơ
ҶֻҪһͿЩݻԼӲ򣬾ͿԼĵơ
ԭҶҪǽĵƣż𻯳ɺ鱦żĵرĳ֣ؾؼɷĽϵһõĽ
ԣҶϵƵҲޱȵĿݣϵϵƣҲĵʱ䡣
£Ҷ̷ͨʥ֮Ϊ˳µĴͨͨغڡ
ͨʥЧҶеҪԺһЩҶһسͷΪ
ҶûʲôооȲ󣬲û̫ϲá
ȻҶҲԼĿǰ״
ҪҶĶйء
ӵ鸳ĳѰͨ׹鱦ҶӵԽɱе
⵼Ҷ۽ܸߡ
ͨ񾳵ΪĲʲô
Ҷʵڼµߣ治
ȻҲ÷ֶǧ̺ԭӥӵǿͨǿߣͲҶܹԸġ
ǵʱΪϵĲͱ޷Ŵˡ
ҶӵͬΪôͲôǱʱӵɣֱӡ
֮ǰʾ֭
ҶĿǰ뼱еΪսԭ
ʱһ룬ҶͻȻ֣Ҳ̫̰ˡ
ҪϰǺü֮·ȴҶڶ̶̵ʮˡ
ҪǴȥҪɷˡ
Ϊ˵Щҵĵճӡڼȫ£ҪͻƵͨ񾳣죬ҲҪʮϡ
ϧ뷨Ҳ롣
ҶֻԼΪٶ̫
ֻ¯֮УŻޱеʵ
֮£ͨ񾳵ߣڼĺǻ´սΪҶ棬Ѿʼ֮нˡ
˵ļһ㣬ߵů⣬ܵˣŻ뾡һа취Ѱҿķ
Ҷ棬Ǹߵůˡ
˵Ҷѹûůҡ
һʼҶʹڱѩأƴһеѰҵķʽ
ҶģΪٵԭ֮һ
ȻҶûůҿˣһʼڱѩеߣҪ̫ࡣ
еľųɾţˡ
ܹģҶһĴڡ
ôҹҹǱĬ֮£ڽ챬˾˵ĶԱ
Ҷ澺ĵͨʥǿŵҩ⣬һ߼ŷͨʥע
鸮ǿȲǿзãΣա
鸮֮£ǿɻֱӻ˵Զ޷ת
ע֮󣬻˲ͬΪߵķ÷
ͨʥҩޱǿ󣬽һ޲ΪḶ́ŨһŵҩУŵҩе̺Ŷôֲǿȣж
˵ΪˣҲΪҩЧ󻯣ͨ񾳺ڵ߷ô˵һ̶£Һڣҩҩʱ䣬첻졣
ʦĽʮʱŻ굤ҩǰȫ
ͨڵߣҩʱ䣬죬ȫʱ졣
ͨ񾳳ߵĽ飬ҩʱ䲻죬ȫʱǰϡ
ʦҩһΪִѡ
ôͨʥʱһҪϸʱ޶пܱ
ҶΪ֮ǰͨ񾳳۷壬˵ҩʱ䲻졣
Ҷ汾ҲǰģûãҶͷ֣ûѹ
ľȫûκѹ̫ˡ
ȻҶͿʼļӿͨʥҩٶȣһı
Ҷ淢֣ʱͽͨʥȫϡ
⣬ҶоҲΪҶŽöͨʥҩӵ˼¡
һΪ
ΪͻƵ֮ͨ󣬻عͷҶٿͨʥעžЩǱĬĸı䡣
ҶľǿȾȻͬߵʮͨ񾳺ǿߵ
Ҷʶĳɾͣɲ򵥵һ鱦ͨķ
ۺϵһĽ
ڴ䡢ǧǵ𾪣Ҷֱˡ
⼸죬ǵľ̫ˡ
Ĳ˵ͻأ֣㹻ˡ
Լ֪һ鱦ʱ򣬾͸ˡ
һܹԼǿҸԡߵĺ鱦𾪵޷ŵġ
дǧϣҶĵҲģȻϣÿҲ帣һʱβͬͨ
ǵǧ̵ٻͨСн
Ҷ治֪ԭӥҪȥȻѾ˼ƻҪĸš
ڱֺù̶֮۷ıĲôֲˣҪȻҶٵͷҶԸƲˡ
ԭӥϵĸޱȵĽҲ뿪ǵۣѲޱ˸١
ϧľٶÿζᱻǰ
Ϊÿ뿪ۼǰύǸëСļۡ
ΣʮһĹ
ڵִһ̡ϼɵ֮ԭӥǵۣͻȻ˳ǵϼ⣬ֱĳ𣬲Ĺ򣬾ͳʧˡ
䣬ûǵ٣ʧȥ˸ĿҶʵ
ĶζƵʣҪ
Ϣ֮ɫЩ԰׵Ĵص˵ˣۣʼǸԭӥëͬС
ǿܽˡգ
գҶ鶸һ
գҶ֪ġ
ǿ֮أޱȵա
絶һǶ켶Ļ
ޱȵĿ񱩣߿Խڣڵʱ򣬾˺Ƭʱ
ǿһĵǿҲ⡣
ڣ֮УҲޱȵΣա
һĳͻܹ籩ͨߣǱ籩֮С
ֻͨһ³֣
ֻЩ˴ͨİ벽ֻǲһطĵǿߣſڻͨУǣҲСġ
֮գǵµĽء
µԽ룬ųɾűɡ
ҶɫһɲǱЩѿѵһμƻҳôõ׷٣ʹ
˼һ£Ҷ潫Ŀ⿴飬Ҷģа취
Ҫңҵ壬̫ˣѹ޷ڻߡߵǼһУһȴǿԳյġ˵


1580 Сèɱ
ܹյļһֹһĻҶΪ֮ȻԸߵˡ
ҶѰңͳĻХɭɭ˻ͬʱʮԴͬʱҶĿȡ
һԴСèŸȫǾͷԴ
ԳգҶȻ
ͷСèԣͬʱͷҶ⾪ȣô
һһ𣬾Ϳɵĳաٴ˵
˵꣬Ԫ鰢ͼȲ˵۲ŹʶûܹȵңҶүҸ˵ԭɣǴҲȲϡ
۾΢΢һһƾԪ鰢ͷ̳Ҫ԰ڵԪ鰢ֽһٶҶĻ
ԭҶ£һǰģҲһĵλڡ
ȽǿƵԭ򣬰شľͲôһ£ڰڼơ
һҲ֪£ͼˣæ԰ڣȴ˻ȥ
Ƕжĥ
ͷ̫ޣ̫޶ڻ˻ģͷûڻ˻ѪĴŶԻļ䡣
ͬʱͷ츳ܹκһ仯κ޷ǵĸӦҲǾͷ̫ʱΪ޵ԭ֮һ
ڻУΪһϸ΢ͻ籬ֻ籬ޱȵĿֲ
ǵǿ߱УҲ࣬޷ѡ
ǣֻҪоͷڣͿԸӦκλı仯ӶܿЩֲޱȵĻ籩
ǣͷܹӦдڵΣգĿǰΪȴûڻдеΪ
СèʱóıӦ֪ΪʲôȻ˼̫ڻѪ˳Ҳ˼ڻ츳ͨ
飡
һҶޱȾϲĿСèͻˣѪͻˣ
СèûеͷҲûҡͷ
ûȫľڻѪֻɰɣţˣӦã˳ڻ츳ͨ飬Ҳȫǿ
ֻǿͨУ΢ǿһƶҪУΣա
ǼϾͷͲһˣϣֻҪ̫ڻˡ˵
ĻСèصĵ˵ͷҶص
ĻҶȴûôᣬֻһϲĿСè
ԴӸСè뾡취Ѫʼϣһֱãһֱôԡ
࣬Сè̫ۡ
ǽȴͻȻ˵СèڻѪѾϣʱҶ澪ϲ
ǾĻľڿʼһ㣬Ϊ˽
Ҫǣϣ
죬Ҷ治ϣһ˽
ʱ䣬СèѾڻѪôһ꣬ͿѪɱ䡣
֮˵ΪҪСèһɱڻǲܵġ
ô仯ڵıԴ޷ı䡣
ֻҪСèڻѪﵽϣͿԳ׵ͻıԴѪʩϵѪͻطʩڵͼϵͿڵ
жܹͣΪ
ңһڻѪﵽϣڻ츳ܹͨ׾ѡ
ȻʩչҪڻöࡣ
ǣСèΪѪٴγСèջбôһ졣
ֲҶСèһԽԽأܶʱǹһ㣬ϢĳҶ
ʱҶ滹ûע⣬Ӧڻһ츳ͨԭ
һУһԵǧֻķݣ֣ʦԽãԽᷢʦء
ô˵ھͿԽգ׷ˣҶʵ
ȷʵˣڽ֮ǰҪƿĴ½ձݣա˵
Ĵ½ձݣҶüͷһôʱϲǧл˵һ仰ˣĴ½ձݣǿ͵ձݡ
үүҪƿĴ½ձݣҲǼΪѡǧ˵
ԣʼ磬𣿡
ôǵĴ½ձݣǰͱƣһͱһ
Ұɣ
ɲǣһҫޱȵϽɫ⣬һţʱ͵һ


1581 
Ҫȥ֮Уһ򶨵ԭӥ̲סʡ
Ϊ֣Դӽ֮ж̶һʱ䣬ѾܵΣΣգûȫָս߶
ƽʱޱȴݵĸҲǽޱȣٶƽʱһ붼ûС
ڸĺ󾱿һκˮõǿɲʲôС¡
Ҫʣǣסū·ߣǻ֮Щǳλá
ÿһǳһС磬ԽǳԽ
㿴ǿǳǺĴ½⼸ǳһλǹ̶ġ
һǳȴһֱڶǣǵĶȴԶһ켣ڶͬʱϡ
ҪǻףͰū˵ȥѰǸɫġ

ֻһ㣬ܹڻ׼λãסо·ߡ˵
ԭӥ˵һһȥ֮֮оǴԹ֮һͷˮԭӥͲǰôˡ
µģʵδ֪
һĳЩ˽⣬־ͻɢ
ǰ˵·ߣѾǵòˣҪҼ·ʲôԭӥʵ
ȥģһκһС綼ûκϵС硣
аսĶҲǴеĿĵء
ͬʱδܹĻͻΪķءԭӥʣٴ˵ⲻͨϵķء
ʱСףСһУġ
ءա޸ĵرڰյ˼룬ҲΪס
ȻҪΪףǰҪ⡣Ŀǰò̫õʱ䣬ͻΪס˵
ף
嵽һףţԭӥ¶֮ɫ
ѧԨԴȻ׸˵ģ״ʲô
Щ¶˴ĶУȻֱһֲҶԺС
ǣԭӥѧԨԴףҶȴЩס
׵ĳΪһСף嵽ϵףʲôҶСèǰʵ
嵽ϵףֻһ֡˵
ĸ֣
񣡡
񣿡
ָЩʷлڹ𣿡Ҷٴβʵ
ǰɣףȴƵǻŵ飡˵꣬鲻ˬĻ˻֣飬㻹̫ңԶ㻹ǲҪ֪̫ĺãרָӣɱ˲ӡ
Ҹ㣬Ҫǳ˲ӣҲס㣬ʱȫ군
ҶĬĬ˵ͷͷȴͻȻӿһ뷨
嵽ϵף飬ƺ½Ҳһ㰡
˵ô£ƺдô顣
Ҷģһλת½Խĸһ㡣
Ҷ˽յĵһ죬ԣСèʩչ츳֮ͨʱȻմȾһ˿һĻƾյڻƿһͨ˲Ϣͨ
ЩΪĳЩ仯ûҵĻСèҪ飬ͻ÷ǳѡ
ʱ򣬾ͷþ˳
ܹǰӦǰĻĲСèŻƽĵطǰ
տɲطǰһ뻹ƽޱȵĵطһɲǾ
£СèͷϣԵޱȵĹؼ
ָһ޼ĽϣǾˡ
󣬻Ҷţ䵱һ֮СڻǰС
֣СèڻенٶȱҵǣǸڻеǰٶȣҲ졣
ҪȻܸܲҲΪһ⡣
ʱͷСèľϸĸӦķĻı仯нͻ
һб䣬Щ΢Ļ֮У齫˵ĽеľֶΡ
֮£鱦׹޾ҪĶࡣ
ΨһίģǧˣֱӱҶս޴Уʵһ˿һ⡣
һ·ϣǸĲָͣԭӥΪԭתԭҲ൱ڲָͣҶ档
ҶޱȵĻһ˽⣬֪μ·λǳ֪ڻյš
һ㣬ǸҲ벻İɡ
Ǹ֪˳ָԭӥɱ֮ĵ³Ӷġ
ֻ˰졣
·һǹҫʱһͷ˽ȥûϢʧˡ
ԥģСè͸ȥ֮ȴЩ¡
Ϊ֮Уɢ΢ķ·ǳһĿȴƾʧˡ
Ҫһ˸ҪˣСǹ⣬ţҪһһҳҪҵţ¡
ǣҶд䡣
ĶڸٵĲţ·ʲô
ͻȻ䣬Ķ͵һˣǸ򣬷΢𶯣Ӧƿձݵ
ԣߣ
ʯߣƹһƬ籩򣬴ʯ·ţֱӴȥ
ڴָ£һӵĹһ˸ǹɢŵɫâǳͳǰ
ӦþǸ˵ǸûκοռϵСɣΣҶԵ̾


1582 
ڿռݵԭѾ޷׷ǸˣҪ׷ǵĻǻǾƿռڣǰС磬Ҳп׷ٵ
ңʱҪϾˣ̫ԶҲ׷ٲǰС磬˵
ԣҶռݡ

ͻȻ䣬ҶϺһ
飬ΣʱûԤеΣյѪĸоҶͻʵ
ûСҡҡͷ
ոձųûõǧ̲廰ָоҵйüΡһֺĸоҲȫȫĸӦΣգͷһĪļꡣ
ǧ̣ģǸ˸Ǹǿôã᲻ѪΣԤУҶʵ
ǧ̲Ҷ϶͡ȴͻ˵ˣ˵Ǹ;УǸļͻأĲ鿴ܱߵ᲻ͷѾָоѰΣյԴ
һҶɫһ䣬͵һСèߣǿ뿪ƵƬƱȥ
Ҷõ׵Ĺ᳹
Сèͷͬʱ˲Ϣ佫˴ԶԶ˸ǽСĵص㡣
ҲҶһ뿪Ϣʱ䣬Ҷ˷Ŵĵصߵʮ⣬ռ͵ѿһ϶һĴǵ϶д˳ٵܱ߲쿴һȦ
ףûˣ
ѵһΣҶˣû˸٣
֣Ϊʲôһ·ϣͷһĪĲȦ£
ѵҶˣ
תһȦٴ˺ռݣǸС硣
ʵϣǸڿռݵһˣһĹ򣬻ûеĸߣų쿴
佫ظʱ˶һ亹
ҪҶ澯ҪֱӴռݣȻһͷȴǱߵĸĻ
ҪǱɱ˸ǹĸš
һֶޱȵ⡣
ǿߣͶͿ췭ظͻȻƷƼеĺü
Ϻ꣡
Ҷһ˶ȻЩ£ҿ˸۰
ߣԶһ㣬ƸǧĽС硣
飬һƿռݵʱһҪŵ㣬ƵСҶ潻
û˵ֻĵ˵ͷ
ֻǾģǰСһЩܹɳزƾһݽҲûе
ʱϢĽռ˺һ϶׼õҶһ룬ոƿĿռͬͬһʱֺϡ
ڷԲ֮⣬Ǿ޷ַռݱ˺Ƶĺۼġŵ˵
ǽˣôһ飬Ѿʧȥ˸ǵټ
һСѰǵ٣ȻѣҲûпܣϾ츳ͨǴΧġ
ߣǾֵĹһȦǸҶָ򱱷ʱҶͷͻȻһôسݸһ֡
һϡ֣
֣ѰҲµйأҶҲղסָϷָϣһдֵĶйء
ʱȻˣҶָϷ
ϹһȦСǳէ˽Ǳ˷٣ʱͻᱻȷߡ
ԣǱ٣Ҫж
һɲǣСèĻ˻ԴޱʱС
СèѪڻķ츳ûʧȥ
һ·ӹҶͨԸˮϵдͨɿ˽С硣
СΪ磬ԡϰĴ½ȫͬСڲȴȫͳһġ
˲һͳһ̬һоŴ峤ͬͳС磬ͳηǳޱȵ
СҲߣֻҪΪﵽͻᱻСΪ˶ޱĽ
һ׼ūС硣һ·˽˲֮ͻ̾һ
ūС磬ʲô˼Ҷ治ʵҿСڵİգҲ㸻㣬ǹضЩϣҲ㲻ū
ҶСӣ˵ūеĶūھϵū
ˣǣǸǣϷǰУǾ侪ϲ
ҶȴǴһ¶ͬһ顣
⾿ˣ
õĴسһֵ


1583 ƺ
ֵ͡ԭӥһ˵ʱǰΪǵģСĴŴĤݡ
ĶĤݡ
һͶ壬ַǰԭӥĽż⣬޲ýԸһж׸ԭӥ
ԭӥǰݣǴʲôʥӥʹ
Ҷ룬νʥӥǲǾԭӥĴڣ
ԭӥĸף
һﵫޱȵĤݴ˽ʱȻģǿ֮Ҷ滹飬ֻǧ䣬һ顣
ǾԲܹȻСЩԭס񣬻ڵһʱǵмͱȥ
ҵǣԭӥûڴǵ̫ãֻʱǵĤ񣬹켫ҵ֮󣬾븣ëһ뿪˴ǡ
һΣǳ˴һ·򱱡
Լ̵ԭǵٶȲ̫졣
ҶҲ͸ӵĽԶԶĵ֮⣬Сĸš
֮ԭӥһ˽˺Ⱥɽ֮УĴɽޱȵΰһ·ʸߣԶԶȥȻߵĸо
Ⱥɽǰ󣬴ͻһ䣬ˣˡ
ţô£Ҷһ䣬Ƿˣ
ǣӦǽǸطǳ¡ѹκõˡŶЦ
⣬ӦõͷˡҶ濴˿ߵˣȻȡһֻƼǿ޴Ҷ֪Ӧϳʱˡ
䣬ǧȽɣҪǴߣΣգҲܹһߡҶ˵
޴ʹüΣ˺ڵ㣬ûʲôͬʱͷСèҲ˽ȥ
⻪һ޴ƾʧ
ȴҶ潫޴սڣڿԴнӿռĶһ֮ɡ
һɲǣ黯һҶڵͬʱҶͷһΣƾʧ
˸ԭӥôãܲռˣҪˡ
ʩչȻأٶȲ죬һľ룬Ҷ˰ʱŸϵ
Ҷôҵԭӥǵʱȴһֱźԭӥë֡
ʱë֣һڴվһɽۣɽ·ƺ
һĻҶʱ˼ƽϣԭӥ븣ʮа˾žǼߵɽ·ƺ֮С
һҶϢĶƺ
ƺɲǣҶʹһ
׵ĺʱʹ˷ҶĶУֲô츳ͨﲻˡ
վڶ棬ҲԷ˵Ļ
ܿģҶͷ⴦ƺĲѰ
ѹͲʲôƺڲͣСΪγɵһƬʵĹ⻪
ǳ׵ղͣŤγɵ
ôֵطأɻ䣬ҶСǰţֵطҶҲǳΣա
ǲСıŤվȥռѹ֮Ҷǡ
Ҷ治֪ʲôĵرѾԼԼĲ²⵽ԭ鼯ʲôˡ
϶ռͨйϵ
ڲͣŤ̺ĪĿռ֮ԭӥĿռͨӥݿգѾǿˡ
ٴεõǿҶ治֪ﵽʲô̶ȡ
Ҷҿ϶֮Բ֮ҹһսޱȵļѣ
书޼᲻ƣΨ첻ơ
ʵһֱǴڵġ
ﵽһ̶֮ٶȾͻﵽһƿȥһ棬Ҳ޷
ʵϣ졯תƵ˿ռͨϱߡ
Ҫǿռͨһ̶ȣҶսҶ˵ӰĶҲ
ҲǼе߶ϰһſռͨԭ
޷ڿռͨϳȶ֣ҲֵӰӶҲ
ף
ɢȥԭӥĵһɲǣҶͽĽ˹ʩչжݷٽӽͬʱҶҲʼԼϢ
ΪӦ֡
ܿģҶʧˡ
ΪĿռŤ𵴺׵ԭԭӥ븣֮Ľ̸ȫ괫ġ
괫ҶߣҲ޷ġ
ҶޱȵƣֻܿŸϵĽʲôԭӥڲϵĵͷ
ŸϵĽԭӥϵԽԽء
Ϣ֮ԭӥսسʼ
ͬʱһۻޱһشӸӿ·֮йһ㣬ޱȵƺ˹ȥ
ƺڸѹ£ռŤƵʱԽԽͣʧ
һۿɼİ׹⿪ʼƺۼ
Ҳһɲǣԭӥ͵صͺһƺа׹㼯
Ҷһʩչжݷȥ
úôģֻԭӥֻҪԭӥͺá


1584 ֶ
ԭӥһ·׹ƼƺҶҲʩչϢĸ˹ȥ
ȱ޴ڵжУҶȻԸܵͷϲɽѹ
Ǹʱȫ߶ѹ·ƺʱѹӦĳطԭӥȡƺı
ڸѹ£ƺİ׹ԽԽ࣬ԭӥҲӽƺǰ׹֮СĴ߶սһͷ˽ȥ
ͬʱҶҲͬʱԭӥһͷǰ׹֮С
ݽȥɲǣǰͱĿİɫ⳹׳⡣
ԭӥǰһŰɫڲͣɶţǺһ㡣
ÿһɶһɫɳɢ˷
ЩɫɢĵطռͻῪʼɫ۵һطʱǴطĿռͻῪʼŤƳ׵ĺ
ƺеҵƺڵĿռŤİ׹⣬Űɫŷġ
ʱȴ˱仯
ڸǿѹ£ɢ˷δɢİɫ⣬һһ·𽭺ӵһ㣬˰ɫ֮С
ڸѹ£Щոձĺ⣬δɢԶͻᱻƻ
ȻȻģЩƻİɫ⻪˰ɫ֮Уǰɫ׳˼֡
ͬһɲǣɫŵԭӥͻȻ˰һۿɼɫ⣬һּС̬̽ǰɫ֮С
ʲôԭӥҪȡⱦ𣿡һĻҶͻطʡ
Ȼ鸮зʣĳʡ
ҶеĿģãҲҪֹԭӥ׳ʵȻлпܣҶһ뷨лúô
ĿǰҶҪúôĻᣬǳãܡ
ǿ߸׸ߵƺˣҶҪƤӵֽţԲܡ
ⶫûĻӦ¾ա
ô죿
ʲôʶҪ¾պ⣬үҽԴš¸㵱ߡ
Ҫǲͱװ
㿴⣬Ҫ¾պ⣬ôɵСǰȡЩڼ¾պ⣬ǶҪơ
űԸԪ鰢˵г˽鶢һۣͱˣ͵ؾͱ͡
ΪһĨֲĽѾʼҶ鸮
ٳƴүŲھͽԴšɭɭ
Ԫ鰢ûģ仰ʱ䣬һʱͶˡ
ֻҪصڣû취
׼ȷ˵Űɫ⣬Ӧ¾պ̥Σֻһųβǧ¾պ⡣
ǧʱ⣬͸߳Ӥûʲô
¾պ⣬˴ŵ£Ŀǰ⴦صĻʮ꣬ͻ¾Ԫ飬ǡ
Ȼ¾Ԫ£뿪츳ܣڻĴεԵδûյһԵĿԡ
Ҳ꣬Ҳ꣬һͻڻĳ׳Ϊ¾պ⣬Ϊֶ򣡡
ֶ򣿡ĸ֣ҶЩ㲻ס
밡һ츳ƿռ䣬һΪ¾պ⣬֮飬鵹ǺĴ½磬⡣
Ҫǣһһ׳Ϊ¾պ⣬ͻû֣ȱ컯ˣҲ޷ܡ
̫ʱͱ֮Ϊֶ򡣡
˵һ٣룬ӦþǷ߲û¾պɳԭӥԭˡ
Ϊ¾պ⣬һԪ飬Լǣͻû˵ǵ컯ˣҲұ֤ס
Ժˮһգ˱ˣľͽˡ˵
ô˵ඣҶüëһ
¾պ⣬һǿԪ顢ӵǣͻޱȵĻϼûжܹסķʽͿռ䡣
¾պ֮󣬲ŻޱȵĿֲ
ĿǰֻһǾǿԴŲͨƿյŲƵٶȳʮﵽһǳ˵ĳ̶ȡ
֮ԭӥõ¾պ⣬ôŲͨӥݿյٶȣٻ屶ϣŲƵٶȣǿһ㡣
ǸܹͨӦӥݿյ㣬ӦĹͻǰнʱĲĨһ¡
ҶԴһô
ô˵Ҫǵõ¾պ⣬ͬ޵ˣնɱǿߣҲնвˡ
ž㵵Ҷ棬˵նвˣǱ鱦ڤɽնвˡ
Щǿ߷ӦǵԴѾաǵĲӱǺ鱦ڤɽӲ
书Ψ첻ƣӦöġ
ôҶʧɫǽõˣԲ֮ҹһսǱɣ
ҲһֻҪڹһҲµؽ֮ڣ˲㡣
ĵһ֮ǰǰȫġ˵
һ֮ǰʲô˼Ҷеץס黰еص㡣
Ȼˣһ֮ǰ˵
㡭
Ҷ֮࣬ĿƵĿ˿ʼշ¾պԭӥҪֹ


1585 һ
ֹ
ʲôֹҶոͶͷҶһˮǴ¾պ⣿Ǵɱԭӥ
ɱԭӥûǸܣҶҡҡͷԭӥӵ鱦зԵĺ鱦ҪɱѹǶʱܹġ
ǸҶһӵʱ䣬ͻϮ֮£˵иɵԭӥĿܡ
ǣǿ߸ͷ
˵һӣֻҪ߳£Ϣκ춯ǸһھͿɱ
ɵԭӥǲеģôֻ뷨ԭӥ¾պ⣬ӦֹԭӥΨһ
ͷոҶͿЦ
ҶѾ鷽Ǿ仰˼ˡ
ֹܹԭӥ¾պķֻɱԭӥ
ڴԭӥ¾պķѹûκʵ塣
ΪҶ͸㶯ԭӥ¾պĶǣ¾պⲻɢ
ֻҪѹһΣֻ֣ԭӥԼơ
һδϣҶ治Ϊִԭӥһ֮󣬸ڶδϵĻᡣ
ҶСӣĿǰûѡֻĿԭӥȡ¾պ⡣û취ͷλǿڣκֶΣֻʳѪһ㡣
һڵ³ֻǱε˵
а
Ҷ¶Ȼ飬˵Ҫǽȡ¾պ⣬ºԲ֮ҹһսҳ˵ͷڹ꣬ûκѡ
ңǵͷڹ꣬Ҳû취Ϊǻ϶
ȷʵˣɱԭӥ¾պֲɢΪҲûѡǰô죿εֵ̯
ԣҶЦһ£ü˼
Ҷ沢ԷˣȻɱԭӥǾûҪԭӥϴ˷ʱ䡣
ԭӥϴˣҶܹѡķ򣬾ֻ¾պⱾˡ
ܲ¾պɢҶʵ
һ¶׶뿪ĸ׵Ļ𣿶¾պ˵⴦ƺĵطǣŻῼ뿪ط˵
ͬʱԪ鰢ļеҶүӦˣٵ¾պ⡢˵¾պɢķвʮ֣ǳĶ࣬ҪҪȫ
Ҷ淽ͬʱѯԪ鰢Щ찢һֱϾһлᣬͻԼڼʶһϣѹһͷ͹͡
ҶۣЦֹʮ֣¾պɢķʮҶܹҵó
ʩȥķҲʱ׼ͷϵǸϼһ׼
˵Ǹʱʱ𣿡
⡭
ԾԾֵİ˲ˡ
һ㣬ȷʵûôֻҶ淽
龰˲ϢҶһ飬Ԫ鰢ѹԵĴڣһҶṩһЩοͷǿԵġ
ҳİ취ǳΡ
⣬ÿԼ
СˮһɢеҶ棬ʼӸλ۲֣ܲҵֹԭӥİ취
֮Ҷֹԭӥû֣ȴһ顣
飬ûз֣һƬƺ֮УĲᱻȵ
ʱԭӥڴ߶ȡ¾պ⣬ʮ׵ĵط񲨶ǳǿ׵ĵطܸӦ겨ͻʮ
ǧ֮⣬겨˿΢֮Ҷ˵
ռŤ벨øĸӦģ˵
Ҷ飬ͻȻͱú棬ô˵Ҫһ겨ĻҼ֮⡢ƺ˵ǸǲӦİɣ
ֻҪ̫ǿңǲӦģǣ룬Ǹһ˿עԭӥ
ֻҪԭӥκ⣬һͻϵ˵
Ҳ⣬ȴһֱ״̬ȥ˵ҶͻһЦҿ뵽ֹԭӥķеðա
ðգ
Ͼû޷յ飬ؼͿðķܵջ񣬵ֵֵ˵
ֵһãҶ˵
֮£ʣҶͻȻͱ۾һ¼ƻ
֮Ҷ潫ԺеͻȻֵǸʮ飬ֲ޸˺üҪ֮󣬻۾
̫þӦϷɣԭӥСһֱΪ¾պ⣬ûκɣҶͻسʵ
þС˼¾պĽȣҲıĻ棡
ǣþĿأ
޷ýþپҲֻԼԪ鰢˵
Ҷŵ˵ֲˣΪһһþʱ̫ıԴ
֪ˣүġ
һɲǣҶ޴У޴еǧϵˡ
ǧ̣ٻͨܲƹһ鱦ı˵أ
ԭӥһĺ鱦һ㣬ҶԽֵġ
ʦеģ鱦ĺ鱦²߶Ҳֵһ깥ǧ˵
ôֻǽþأҶٴʵ
ǧ귽Ĵмңⷽ⣬Ҷֻǧ̡
ǲУǧ˵
𣿡£ҶʧˣѵǸһõļƻǲɣ
ʦ𣬿ɷļƻȫ֪һ°һ¡ǧ˵
ҲʲôܣҶͽȫƻ괫ǧ̡
ܿģǧ̲ʦƻȫаӦûʲô⡣ô˵У
㲻˵ܽþ𣿡Ҷ
ʦ˵Ҳͨٻ꽫Ļþͨٻͨһþȴпܵġ
ҪͿʦõһþˣܹ࣬ȻȻþû⡣ǧ˵
ҶԴϲǸþģǸþĻþ֮һǵǿߣҲܹѣ
ǧ̲ĿҶһۣǿ߶޷ѵĻþûء
һ㣬үү
Ȼʦ˵ǣǾӦûˡ
ãȻˣһж衣Ҷϲ
Ϣ֮һ΢겨̽ɿޱȵûԭӥͷ
ȫעȡ¾պԭӥѹûע⵽һ΢겨
ֻǰһȡ¾պ⣬ͻȻ͹⻪ţȡ¾պĽȼӿһء
ǣǧ̷ûԭӥڵǵٻ⣬ԭӥȫעԭûע⵽ԭӥ鸮֮лסɫҹȴӦˡ
ɫҲۣɫ΢΢ųǧ̷ûԭӥڵǵ΢ٻ⣬ͬѩһɿڡ
ͬʱԭӥڴŹ⻪¾պ⣬ͻȻȥ
ԭӥȻǣŸоȡ¾պĽȣһأǹ⻪֮ȴû˱仯
ܵģԭӥƤ΢΢һ̧Ŀ⿴ǰһ¾պ⡣
Ŀ⿴ȥʱԭӥֻǰ¾պ⣬ֿʼ⻪䣬ȡĽȣٴαһء
ܵģԭӥ׷˽ȥ
ȻԭӥȻ֣¾պɲ򵥡

ˣ
Ԫ鰢Ҷ鸮ͬһɲǣҶ涯ˡ


1586 Ÿ
Ҷ涯ˣĲ
һɫҶ̽ϢĴһ¾պһˣԼע˽ȥ
ʼȡһ¾պ⡣
Ҷƻеһá
ֹԭӥȡһ¾պ⣬ͬʱҶõһ¾պ⡣
Ŀģضɣȫɣһκһ޷ɹ
˵ǧԪ鰢֮£ԭӥԪ鰢̫ıԴµĻþ֮Уǰƻųɹһ롣
ֻҶ泹׵ȡ¾պ⣬Ҷƻǳɹ
ҪȻֻҪҶ뿪ֻ߸鿴ΣҶ͵Ӷݣԭӥ̾ͻ
գԭӥǻٴȡ¾պ⡣
Ҷ¾պ⡣
ʱԭӥ˻þ֮УҶȫȡ¾պ⣬ԭӥҲκβ
ǣڴ֮ǰԭӥѾ¾պڴһż΢ӡǣǽ¾պ˰ɶɡ
ҶҪ볹ȡ¾պ⣬ͱ뽫ԭӥһָȡˡ
ֻҪҶ涯ԭӥ¾պѾµӡǣԭӥ˱ͷһˮһ㣬ϻᾪѣࡣ
ѵԭӥ£ԭӥ֮Ͼͻ
ʱǽΣյʱ̡
Ļ˵ǧԪ鰢֮½ԭӥþʵżġ
ԭӥΪͷŵǿ߸ػȫ񶼼¾պ֮ϣǧ밢˿ӣҶ޷ƻҪĵһˡ
񣬾ʣƻѵһˡ
ʣµʱ䣬ǵȴȴǺһ١
ò˵Ԫ鰢̫Ǹñ
Ҷȡ¾պʱ޷жݷģֻԳ
ĹУǸƺѹ¾պĸʩչͨ¿һۣҶ¾Ҫ군ˡ
Ԫ鰢ȴǿһ̫΢һ߶Ҷξƾʧ
ȻҲƾʧǻ븽ƺһģһӣƺռĲҲû˳
αװǸǰзֵĿܡ
ҪȻ˵ԶԶͨſһۣӦҲֲ쳣
㻹˵Ǹޱȵĸʩչͨڿ
Ȼ˵ĿռŤӰĴݣԭӥͷϣȴиһ
ֻҪͿ԰Լܱ߻Ρ
ѹ¾պ˵̫ѾȴҪһֱȥֱȡ¾պ⡣
һΩЩ
ԣÿʱ߶۲һΡ
ΧĻû⣬ȡ¾պĽȣǣϵЦ˳
ȡ¾պĽȣӦú˳ȼƻеĻҪһ㡣
ֻҪ˳ͷˡ
·ģĸÿʱͻ۲ԭӥΰϢ
ÿһι۲죬֣ᷢϵЦݣ֮ǰһʢһ֣ӵķġ
ǣ⸣֪ԭӥϵЦݣѹʲôȡĽԽԽ졣
ԭӥ֣¾պУȻһǣԽΪԪǡ
ƾһ㣬ȡ¾պ֮붯ĸףƳһ亱Ŀռ鱦ҲźܴĿܡ
Ҫǣ¾պĺУһϢ
֮ǽ¾պƳɿռĺ鱦֮鱦н鱦Ŀԡ
ռ鱦ǿ׶Ҫĵı
Ҫǣ֣ȡЩޱȵ˳
СõĽԭӥᶼֳˣЦݵ
Цݺʵ
ϧǣ¶ЦݵĶȴʵ
¶Цݵķ֣ȫԪ鰢Ǹһӻˮļһûþóġ
һѣԭӥʱһա
ʱٵţҶ¾պĳ̶ȣһš
¾պ⣬ǸˮĥĹ򣬰ļƻԭӥҪȡ¾պ⣬Ҫڰµʱ䡣
ǣֻӵɫԭӥȡٶȡ
Ҷӵɫ⣬ȡٶȣԭӥһֹ
ʱ䣬Ҷ¾պĽȣѾߴųˡ
ʣ°ɣҶͿԳ׵ȡ¾պ⡣
ȡʣµǰɣҶͱޱȵСģ֮һѾմȾԭӥϢ
һҶĨЩϢǾԭӥʱҲΣٵʱ
ʵɣȫõģֻҪϱߵԭӥϢĨȥȻȻľͿԴе¾պ⡣
еǣһߣ˵Ĵֻʣ첲֮ģûпƣҲ˳ƴ
˵黰һ٣Һܺ棬ؽԭӥҲؽǸ
ʱôһλǿߵ׷ɱӳ죿
һ֪ˡҶصĽţҪȡһʱ䣬Ұæܹ¼ػþһ䣬ҶŰ˵
Ҷô˵Ԫ鰢ʱ͵ˣɣҲֻңܹΪҶүڵǿǰȡʱ䣬ʱ䰡
أӦܹػþ˵һԹС۾ð˻ˮ
Ҷүģ밡þǸͷһۿãҲΪġ
ҺúõƣĶһȡʱ䡣˵
Ҷ滹ܲ˽ⰢһӣæȵһҪעִ磬̫ˡһĵǿߵΪͱʵ޷Ԥġ
İɣþҿڡںİ˰֣Сצ°˼
Ϣ󣬰һ֣һɵ̫ıԴͱָɳȻϢɢ뵽֮С
ְϢ֮һɢԭӥͷչߣ΢΢ı仯һ
˰ʱ֮һɢգһ۾鸮֮гҶ˵ˣþ㲻ܽǸͷŷ裬ҲܹŸ
Ҷüͷһ壬֪þܹ೤ʱ䣿ҪϢʱ䡣
ϢӦû⡣˵
ÿ˼þķӦǲͬģǸͷʱ䣬ȫڻþϣ̫ðˣһ⣬ģܾǵ˵ţҶĿͿ顣
һĨȥ¾պԭӥӡͬʱֹԭӥ͵Ϯ֮£Ӧܹԭӥɣ
ԭӥǸˣ£һʱ俴ӦԭӥҶ氲ŵ
к鱦Ҫѣ̫ѡͷ
סòҪ¶ıԴϢҿɲԲ֮ҹһս󣬱һλǿµ׷ɱҶ涣
ģһֹ֮ǧ򣬻һֽкѣޱȵš
һɲǣҶ鸮е߳һǾ֡͡


1587 췴
ƺײԭӥ¾պǰǽ˫ʱҲЦ⡣
þУѾ¾պǳǺģԼӡͬʱʼȾָ¾պһϢ
һеһУԭӥһ뿪Цĳ嶯̫ˡ
ˣԭӥˣȻͬһ㰡
ͻȻ䣬һԭӥľϢس࣬ԭӥӦ鸮֮еĻδȫԭĺ鱦սڵ鶸طһ߰ޱȵ֮
һӰشԭӥڵһ㣬ԭӥ»˸ʵʵ
ҲͬһɲǣһȻޱȵسƵ¾պ֮У¾պ֮µһӡǣȻޱȵǰ
ѩһ㣬һɢ
ԭӥ
һʯͶˮһ㣬ǰĻþʱͱơ
Ȼʹǰһɲǣԭӥɵˡ
¾պڳ
¾պ̺һϢ
ҪǣĸоУѾ¾պ߳ң㲻սڣȴܹн
ǰһУһ¾պһİһ㣬һ˿ϢûС
ﵽ׷ʲô
ѲΣ
ⲻܰɣ
ʸԭӥͷͬʱԭӥһʣͫ͵˼¡
ԭӥ߶һƻʵĽľ
̺ɷͲĴһս
һɲǣԭӥζصɶսһӰģ֡
ԭӥֵǣǵһشսĽ⣬ȻӰε׷˹ȥ
Ҳһɲǣԭӥ߼䣬һ鱦ڤɽشԺɳӭǵ⡣
ڤɽɳԭӥ΢΢һ
ԭӥɢһĻˣɫⶸһãֻǧ⡣
ǧһΣȻڳһɭϵĽ󣬽ڤɽ
ǵɫⱾĽ⣬ٴľն׵
Ҳһɲǣһޱȵŭ쳹
ס֣
ǸԭӥͷһʱͶ֮ǰĻҡ
һ߽ӵŭȻֹдżɻ󣬵ɲǣһ֮ǰӸ߰ı쳹
˭ɱҼŭԭӥޱȵɻ
Ȼվ㻹ĺúõİô˼Ѿɵһ㣿
ԭӥȻף˭һһرޱȵĻþҲǸ㡣
ڵһʱ䣬ͷƺ·Ķ齣ɢĽɷȻؿռ䲨ӲӦ
ûκ˼ͬһֱ׹ƺ
ǸոսƺûãͿԭӥһ׷ɱֲǣǵȻнԭӥľۿžҪԭӥˡ
£ûѡÿǣŭһȫԮԭӥ
ʹı£ȫǱ齣ʱ򣬸Ȼ֣ȥɲǣǱ齣ԭӥͬʱʧˡ
þͷһͷ纣ʱ糱ˮһɢ
ֻҪȫ߶ϣܹϵĻþ֮١
һɲǣͿ˵ڵϡʬ촦ԭӥ
һĻֱӽŵһ¡
ԭӥˣǺж£ж¡
ڸҲˣ֪Ҫ׵ɱһߣҪſɡ
ֻҪ껹ڣǾͲ
æȥ쿴껹ڲڡ
ƸȥɲǣʬȻɢ
þ
ǻþ
һţһȦʹӽɢҪһȦųκλþҪɢ
ǣֿԼԭӥ
ңΪȻ޷ֱǰǼ٣
һ첲һȡпѪԭӥޱȵļ֣˵ȡȡ
һɲǼ䣬±ˣ
޷ֱǰǻþʵģֱǰһĻӦûǻþ
ǣĲ
޷һУǰһУ
ǰһģôܾǺף
ֻҪôһĿܣҪɴ
ת䣬һӹȥִԭӥɲǣʹ˸գ
þǻþ
һɲǣֱһֿ˵ĸо
ǸûþļһһҪ֪кܶʹ顣
ݸ룬Ȼˡ
ǰĻþ֮󣬸Ȼ֣ԭӥֳˣ裡
·֢һ㣬ʱʱĻһǳª°
һŭһһȦɢԭӥصɢ
þʵǸȴԵ̥ǣ
ԭӥϣûе̥ǣȷǻþ
ηɿ½ܿģĿһǰԭӥһߴսԭӥˣԵ·硣
һΣӦòǻ˰ɣ䣬߳ȵ˺ūܴ
ɫĴӡĸȥɲǣûǣ
ɢˣɢ˰
þǻþ
ŭ䣬ǰֳһĻ
һ첲ѪǱޱȵԭӥָһŭ𣬡죬Ǹ򣬿׷˾Ǹ򣡡
ƭңȴŭˣΪǻþһһƾƥԭӥ
ͬһɲǣһѪ⣬ԭӥָķէţ
Ѫ⣬ͻȻʶʲôǸΪǻԭӥӡͻȻ˴
ˣһ첲⵽شԭӥǱһĵѪɡ
һɲǣԭӥһּȲ˼ĿⶢŸЪ˹ĳŸ
󵨣ҷϣҪ췴𣿡


1588 ħ
ƺУһ߸ԭӥˣһ߸ԭӥŷŵΡ
һΪƤɳ۶γɵۣȴ˵ɱ
Ҷվڸǰ϶ᱻ˺Ƭ
ǣȴ˵ӰӶûţԭӥһ첲Ĳʹۡ
Լı£ԭӥˣʧȥһ첲øһУ
ǵǿ߰Ȼ˸ͷ϶
һҧĿ죬ٷŭʱԭӥͷŷһС
ҪȻǸ췴ͷɱ
ң϶ԭӥЩûа׷ѣһ˵þٽ֮ǰǸޱȸĻþ
ף˵ģǸص˸ˣ
ӣΪ˼¡
Ϊ¾պҲǴˡ
֮ڸѹ£ɢ¾պҲۼһȻԭӥƤӵ£ɵժ˹ӣһɱ
ʧȴֹ㡣
Ǳĺ鱦սһ⵽ش
ԭЩ˲ĵرָ£ҹҹĺ鱦սѾָ˰˳ࡣ
ĸ£ͿԻָȫʢ״̬
ȴǹ콣ٴشһ㵱ɢ
ҪǵɢĻսڵ飬¾Ҫ˯Ӷְ޷ӳĺ鱦
ҪٴγΪ鱦ûϰĳ˯ָǲܵġ
ˣսһܵشҲǰδС
˵ǰ꣬ĹҲһܹ׵Ļָ⻹Ҫսϵĵر̲
֮£ʧȥһ첲㲻ʲôˡ
Ѫĵرܶ࣬һţֱܹ³Ѫʤǰ
˼ϣ΢˫߶·ɸһ㣬ƺ˱顣
ūֵܹϢֻһޱȵĽɷһֺħĻħЩ񡢵ֲȫǵϢ
ūƽδϢ˵
Ҳûϣһϳԭӥ
Цһ£û˵
ڣѾͨˣ£ͷβǶˡ
ʲôʱ˸϶֪˵ǿ߶޷ػþֶΡ
ģǵˣԲ򵥣
пܾǵǿߣ
˵ǿߣû
Է֮ƴڲмӦǾԭӥĸס
ǣ벻ͨԷΪʲôҪֵĶԸԭӥأ
ԭӥһֱۣǽ˰
ԭӥ˵ԷӦҪɱ
죡
һж͸Ź죡
˰ɣūһ׷鵽׵ġ˵䣬μȻ̾һ
ʵʧ¾պⶪʧˡ
¾պ⣬ǰż·һգų¾պ⣬֮£ʹֶͨΣһС磬Ա¾պɳ
ҲɳΪһɿһõС磬Ϊ¾պԣϾͽ͸Ϊԭӥս
ڣȴǵƤӵȴŪˣ
ҪϵĶҪԹ䣬¾Ӱ죬Ҳһء
ǹذɾʹˣ
ҵʹƣִƣͿԵǵҪǣض硣
ֻҪںֹѺ磬ҾͲҵ˿켣ԭӥʱޱȣҷ˭ң˭ǵҲҪʬ޶ϣ
ԭӥĺ⣬Ѿ޷ˡ
ģһα˳ϡ
ڱǰֳܵ裬֪ĳ裬Ҫ΢ܶࡣ
֪ݳģֻԼޣһ
ū

ŭĺ޲ɱйߵĸֳʹƣļɹʱҶüЦĽϵ¾պսڡ
СαֲһδүϹħڣҶüЦһ֣ϰħӿð̧̧Ԫ鰢Ĵεȥˡ
Ҷ֮ǰĳ˷ʽսѪ졣
ûսѪҶ˲ϢǴƺҶ¾պ⣬ܻܲӳ죬˵
Ǹɱ֮ǰҶʹ߶սѪ죬սѪֱӽŲƵϹħӰȥˡ
ʵ뿪ʱЩϧ
Ԫ鰢µĻþȡʱ䣬Ѿ칥ԭӥĺ鱦սˡ
ԭӥϣ߶ҪԭӥնɱҲпܵġ
գֻȡԭӥһۣ
Ҷϧǣǳ˵ܹնɱԭӥ
£Ҷ汩¶Ŀ̫ˡ
һã˶߲ˡ
գҶˣ
ԭӥԴҶֻҪʵȥˣʱȡҶԸȴֻһΣ
תϹħҶһᣬͽ¾պ⳹׵ڡ
Ҷ沢ûм֮΢ħ˧ʱ͸ѪһŲλϹħĵħ˧֮ڡ
ȺɫƮţħ˧˧ϵɲǣ˧λųڶߡھ˾ʹһƱжӶ롣
һħΰҶħ˧
ħ˧ǽصϢɢ֮󣬹̨µĺڶߡھλųһǹ
ҵȹӭ˧ع顭
ɽХһĲΰУҶƵħ˧Ļ˻֣±ʱͱüžޱȡ
ڶߡھţ˧㱨һ¾б仯ɣҶһ뿪ϹħڣѾĹˣҶ֪仯Ρ
ڶߡھǵΪҶ˼ڴ
һҶ뿪ʱڶߡھǵΪѾߴͨأȥˣǵкڶΪߣǿأߺͺھŲһصΪ
뿪ʱǵΪɱħ˧ҶҪߵĶ࣬ڣħ˧ѾǴԶҶͨغڵΪǵĲҲ̫ˡ
ı仯̫
תһ룬Ҷ־ģҪ̫ˡ
ŵߣʱҲ޷Ϊͨذɣ
ҲЩսսħĻ
ش˧ǺڼħĿǰѾоʮ˾ţзֱӵʮʮ򡢶ʮı
֮У͵ľʵѴﵽ꺣мٵΪ뿪֮䡣
߼֮УΪһˣͨΪĹһһǧˡ
ڶոأߵٴ𣬡ش˧ĿǰҾѾħռ쳬ɡ
Ԥʱ䣬᳹һͳħ磡
ħ磿ħ˧üëһҶ⻹ǵһδ⼸λųħ硯ƺ


1589 ¾պ֮
Ҷէһħ磬Щ⣬ѯʹڶߡǹȴû̫ķ֡
ԣħ˵ǵΪͻƵȻȻˣپģȴǲ
ȴȷǰطħ硣
֮ϹħӦСķ룬һַǳС磬һСȫͬ
ʱһͳħ磿ʱίʵЩˡҶħ˧˵
ش˧ҪƽħϳķܼңƽٶȺڶر
·ȫ˧Դһ·ƽҶ˵
ڶԴϲд˧Ҿػ޵Уһֱǰ
仰ǺڶҶƨʵʵ
ǰҶתĹҶħ˧Ͱǿе˺üӲͷ
˵Ҷħ˧ĿǰΪѾߴˣһǽڵǿҲһս
ҪǣҶ˧Ϲħڣ˲ơ
ֻҪȥĵطҶһսѪͻҶĳط
Գ֮Ϊ⵽˵
ҲΪһ㣬ҶѾԼԼĲµսѪˡ
ȻҶ֮ô˵Ϊ˿һͳħ磬ΪսѪ
ɵ⺣һսΪħ˧ʵսѪ̫սѪƷײ
Ҷħ˧ԲսһΪ˻ָսѪƷף뿴սѪƷ״ﵽļ֮󣬻ʲôı仯
ɡҶħ˧Ŀ⿴˺ھš
Ϲħ飬ڶߡھ˶о֮𣬵ȴвء
ش˧ҵȰ˧ķԸҹͣץħĻ꣬ĿǰħħĻ꣬Ѵİʮڡ
İʮħĻ֮Уа˳ǻ䣬ռɣ꽫ԼһھŻ㱨
İʮڣҶ۾һˡ
µȲ࣬ԸΪ˧Чڶߡھͬ˵
Ҷ濴Źڵصĺڶߡھˣһ˿ɫ
ΪֹҶ滹ûиϹħЩħЧʲô
Ҷ浱ʱֻһʱ⶯֮£ͳ˧һ֧ħ겿ӣȻħ겿ӣ׳ڣҲ˺ڶߡھǡ
ƺҶ棬Ǻ˳µ飬ҶЩ㲻ס
ȥ׼ɣһʱ֮󣬴
Щħ֪ƣͣҹݣֻҪǾͻٷְٵִУȥҲԥִС
ҶǰȺڼħĴ֮һҶܹǴȥ߽ȥҶ㲻ںĴ½ߣҲСĽˡ
ֻҪ֧ܹȥǼҶ棬ǵǿߣҶҲô
ϧǣǰħ磬Ҷ˵ǽһ֧ȥҶԸ뿪ŵﶼ޷ȷ
˵Ŀǰ֪֧ûħ뿪Ϲħ֮󣬵Ǹʲôӡ
һУֻһһˡ
ϹħԸʵǲġ
һʱ֮󣬾һ㴫ȥ·ͬʱʼħ˧ʹսѪ쿪ʼ֧Ԯ֣ɿĸսѪ첹
ҶԼһħħĻ֮󣬲ûϿʼ߶ħĻԸΪ
һڿˮİʮħĻ꣬ȫ֮ܽҶΪʲô̶أ
Ҷϥ鸮һŰɫ⣬оոյֵ¾պ
¾պ⣬Ҷϴľŵ֣ʲôãҶ滹û
Ҫоһľãǻѵʱ϶ˣҶֱԪ鰢󣬾͸¾պá
¾պⰡеһ֣óиռ䡣
׼ȷ˵¾պⱾû̫ǿǵע֮Կռиͻɱɱӵƿռʱޱȵɡ
ͬʱע¾պ֮󣬾ͻ̵ʱͨ¾պӦռݵ״̬
δδ͡δѷ죬֪һ
£ߵѡͻӵļ򵥣ֱиռѷ߱ôƿռݵĵʱ䣬ͻɱɱС
֪ʩչռŲͨʱʵʱĶƿա
ȻŲƱѾܿ죬һЩǿҶнͨͨߣǿ׼ȷĸӦĿռ䲨ӶӦԡ
ô¾պĸ£ƿռĺٶȶ֮󣬻һʲôأ
أʩչŲƣʵĺܴ󡢺һ顣¾պ⣬ľͻɱļ١
Ҫǣ¾պ⣬ԭʱͷǳ̵ĿռŲƣĵʱ佫ٴμ١
˵ڷռŲͨͬʱѾ˿ռŲơ
ٶȣ
붼ֲ
֮ǰ˵ģһԭӥõ¾պ⣬Ҷ߶ͨӦʱԭӥͿɿռŲƳҶߣͬʱеĳҶĲϱȻһء
һ㣬һ㶼ûп
Ҷǳš
ΪʱҶѾ¾պ֮Уܱ߿ռı͡ѷһĿȻ
һɲǣҶ΢һעɲǣħУͶѿһڵĿռѷ죡
Ҷ۾ص˸Բ


1590 ڤ
ƿգֻЩսǿ߲Ҳ÷
Ĵ½ĿռݣޱȵļͣҶĿǰʵҪƿռݣѣ
û˴ŵ£Ҷʹȫĺһ㣬㹻ãƿһСĿܡ
ħСĿռݵǿȣĴ½ĿռݵǿȣҪˡ
ˣҶҪƿҲûôɡ
Ƕֻа׵ĻҶó߳ɵƿħĿռݡ
ǸղһɲǣҶע¾պҶΪ˵ѹԺԲơ
һԺԲƵע¾պ֮ȴɵƿħĿռݣ
ɵľ͸Էˮһ򵥡
¾պƿĴ½ĿռݣҲޱȵɰɣ
ʱ򣬵ҽŲͨŷɹ¾պ⣬ǡ
ң¾պõʵս֮УɲƿռǿŲƵЧô򵥡
һ˲ĹҶ뵽ʮַ¾պõķˡ
˵ǸŲͨŷʱҪʲôĵرһʱ䣬Ҷͷǳڴŷ޳ɺΡ
ΪҶͻȻ䷢֣һ޳Ųͨ¾պ⣬սʵķԾ
ҶͻƵ֮ǰԵǿߣҶ治Ա֮һĹ
Ҫĵرһֶ֣ϡ֮ɵϾܹ롣
ΨһϡǿڤҪ˵
ڤ˵ƴͺϹŲֿڤ𣿡Ҷʵ
û
˵ͷȻү֪ô̶ȣҶ˵ɣ
ڤ̶ȣΪһʦҶֱֹ֪̫֪ˡ
ƴָʱⶫ̶Ⱦͺԡ
ƺ̶ֳȵĴָֻҪʱܹ˿ڤôöָ˿ռٻ屶
ܹһˣʮ⡣
ҶϵɵĻ˧Ƶĳ»䣬Ϊ˰˲Ŀڤ𣬿ռűޱȾ޴
ͨ£ڤʱĵλԿġ
ڲο۸ĿǰûС
ɵȾĴϣûгֹڤ
˵ڤϡеĳ̶ȣΪڤƴŲϹŲıزٵĲϡ
ŲϹŲֿԴ̿ռ󷨣ڷԱޱߵĴܵ۹ħ塢ϽޱȵҪ
ֻͨϹŲʹŲ󣬲Կռ任ʱ䣬ңԶĵεƿС
ЩоԶӵСҴ壬ڤޱȵҪ
ŲϹŲ̽罻ҪֶΣڤԲȱ
£ڤͳ˴ܵ۱ߡħ廹ЩҴսʡ
Ҿ
ʵϣڤĲûеô١
ڵĻ˧ļУħսϣʮʱפһǿľǿڤ
ǴÿĲ˵Ҳмʮ
٣ȴ׵¢ˣֹغӵ飬û˻
ڴܣڤͬΪսʣǿڤĹƵȼȴߺüȼ߹Ƶȼ
󣬾е˾ͿҪӴܹеȡڤ𣬱ʥּ߰˴ױ͡
ң˴ױ͵ĵֻа
ŵϿڤĺһ̺Ҫ򵽴Ųѹܡ
⣬£ʯҲ򲻵
ΪֻҪõɢ޵õ˼ڤ𣬷ǴСֻҪֿڤ𣬿ɳ֮󣬾Իղ
ΪõսʺͱֵƷʯҪֵ
ڤңҶùģҪǲŷתǼһ𣿡
ϣ㽫۷֮¾պ⸨ܱȵϾŷСɵ
Сɵľŷٸ¾պ⣬Ͽ˦ʮ֣˵
Ҷ˲ˡ
ʶζĿ֮ȥ⣬ûܹʰɣ
ֻ뷨Ѱҿڤŷ
ڤȻϡңؼͿܹܲҵǡ·
ҶǸӾѲ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹݣҲһ¡
ʱ޳ɾŷ¾պѾ鸮Ѿ˹Ҷ淴ˡ
ӵԺҶĿͶ˱нħڵİʮħĻꡣ
Ҷ֪İʮħĻ֮Ϊʲô̶ȣ


1591 һĺ

˧ָʹ⵽ʮλħͻϮ˧֧Ԯ
˧ڣļոջתûȵħ˧ͷҲ̧ʵλã
˧Ϸɱǧ
Ļû˵꣬˧ѪһչҶħ˧Ͷʧ
һĻȻѾһڼ˳ɰǧΣÿһοĿⶼޱȵĳ羴
ʱ֮˧Ѫһ֣ħ˧ٴγֻ֣һγ֣ħ˧ϢѾԵһ˿
ӦǿɱħĴӪˣԭǳټħ꣬һӳʮλ
ħںǶԣܲöԸǶΪѾߴ۷ħ˧Ⲣʲô¡
ҲһȦĹ
˳ģħ˧鷳ոħúõ׳һսѪ
һµʱڣսѪ켸ڴ󲹣ڰǰսѪƷ׾ʹƷﵽ˼Ʒĳ̶ȡ
ǣִ˰ˣÿնɱɵħ꾫ʮ򣬻ָ߽׵ħꡣ
ﵽƷĳ̶֮սѪƷ׾ûκζ
еħ꾫֮󣬾ţ뺣һ㣬ҶԸӦսѪڲڲͣţΪսѪ쵽ˡ
Ҷ治֪սѪ쵽ûͻƼƷĳ̶ȡ鱦Ŀԡ
ǣɵħ꾫ȴ޵׶һȥҪóһʵ
ħ˧ʵħʵ
ҶǰЩ顢Ԫ鰢йϹħе顣
ħеĽħ˵ϹħڣһλϹħĴС
ϹħţǿǻؿǺӵתĿֲڡ
ϹħһλֲڵĴУһ¶ȲϹħĴܲõ˵
ߵͨҶҲ⡣
ҶҲ뽫ϹħĴõܲ⣬õ֮˵
ǣҶһ뿪ʱ˺ڶһǾɳѰϹħڿܴϹħ񴫳еĵط
ʱ䣬ڶһɳǧ̽ûռϹħ
һĳľʧͻɳĳǰ̽
ϹħҲħڣųɵĵط̽ˣû̽ĵطֻЩħͳηΧ
ȻûзֿܴϹħеĵط
Ԫ鰢ӵļһ֮󣬵óĽ
һǸϹħĴУܴܿЩħͳεķΧռЩطͻִ֮ᷢء
ǸϹħ񴫳Ҫ֣ҪһЩ
ΪҶ˵ǸħϹħĵһ£Ҫһͳħ磬µȥѰǸϹħ񴫳֮ء
˵ħ֪ʲôҲ֤ҪǸϹħĴУҪһͳħ硣
ңħּС磬ڿʱ趨һЩҲпܵġ
һ֮Ҷ滹ֻǰ󣬶ڵڶ㡣
Ӷ෽˵Ҫҵ߻ħϹħ񴫳еĵһ㣬Ҫһͳħ硣
һͳħ磬Ȼ˵ħ˧ʵȺ飬һܹġ
ҪȺȺ
ĿǰԣҶµħʵЩ
ΪҶһ֧ڼħҶӰ·һ·ɱʤǿ׳ģԵĿǰΪ֮ĳס׼ס׵ħ˲ĸ֡
Ҷµһ֧ħУĸ֣Ŀǰֻоˡ
ˣһҶ潱սѪ޻Ϊġ
ԣȻĿǰսѪ鱦ңң죬ȸħ˧µħʵͳ˵һҪ
ħ˧ĺð죬ÿսѪɵħ꾫Ĳ󶼻ֳһɣע뵽ħ˧ڡ
ħ˧ڵΪÿһΪҪĺħ꾫
һ»ħ˧ΪɴӽػͻƵ˽۷塣
ͻƵֻһ֮ң
˧йʿ½ת˧ߵͣ˧ԸǽΪΪ
⣬λָʹʹпյĻٻתһ˧Ҷȵ
µ
ʱڣһʮλйʿ½ִڽħ˧ֵʹ֮½뿪
֮ħ˧Щƣı۾
ħ˧ƣƣҶľ񣬷ĶõҶ棬ʵЩƣ
ʱڣħ˧һλǧ˽Ϊͨ񾳳ֱͨ񾳺ڡ
ʮλ˽ΪֱӴͨ߰ңͬһزȡ
ųΪء
Щ˵ΪѹûսѪĶڶߡǵʵʱ
˵ʵһ½ң죬ҶһǵΪغڡ
ĵսѪ֮ǰЩи߼Ϊʱĵܺ͵Ҫࡣ
ҪټǵΪսѪƷ׿¾Ҫٴ½ˡ
ǣϢƬ̣ħ˧ٴ۾ڣһݾݡ׺ɱħӦħ˧߳֡
ȥֱ˧Ѫ죬ǰѲΣڣָʹӦ˵ĵˣֻǶɴĵˣҪҡҶ潻
ɢŶһϢĺһ׼ľ
ȥɣ
Ҷ˻֣߶䣬սѪͰź˲ʧ
Ҷħһ·ֵһࡣ
Լǰ֮ǰħ˧ǰ֧ԮһʱĿͻȻͱսĴеһӰ
еĺڼħսʱõĹʽǧƪһɣΪΪߵ͵Ĳͬ˸ߵ似ս
ָʹеĺڶߡھҲ⡣
ǣսʱʩչս˵ħ䶼һ
սҶרټǡ
Ҷǣǵ̸ºǣȻָʹָʹһݸԡ
һĸԣ
˵ҲףȻȻľΪսħĹһ֮£սħʩչӵ˳֣ӵĴ
ܹͨصΪնɱλͬħ䡣
֣Ҷޱȣ⻹ǵһħзࡣ
Ҷ波ǽǸսħڸħ䣬ǣڶָʹڣ޷ѧϰ
ҶЩ⣬ص֮⣬һЩ뷨
Ҷԣһ뿪ħʱܲܽһĺǴħأ
ΪԺҶ潫Ϲħһֳԡ
ܹȥǶҵԣɾ̫ˡ
Уħ˧˧ϣҶעħ˧еľųɣ˲Ϣ˱壬ֻһά֡
ԭܼ򵥣ҶıǱߣЩϵħĻ꣬Ѿޱȹؼʱ̡


1592 춯
ħڣϥҶüͷĲţǰغѾʪһƬˮˮһδδĵš
ǿһħھнЩħĻĵطͻ֣ᷢҶʱİʮħĻ꣬ʱֻʣɢɢǧֻ
ǧֻǽҶµħץͽġ
ǣ˺ħĻ꣬ҶϢΪֹȴûһ˿һ
ԭܼ򵥣İʮħĻ걻֮󻯳ɵľҶ沢ûգȫ顣
˿̣ڣһͷСɫ⣬·ܵѹһ㣬״ı仯š
һͷСɫ⣬ҶʮİʮħĻ֮õĺپѹ֮Ľ
ҶΪʲôֱħĻ걻֮ľ׳Լ꣬ȫѹأ
ԭҶ浱Ľɫɫйء
Ҷ浱껹½ʱõ˺ɷƵĺڻպڻʱɺ֮¶飬һٽڻеѹɫ⡣
ӶҶƷɫ⡣
һ֮Ҷһֱ룬ȻԽѹɫ⡣
ôǲǿԽɫѹɫأ
ҶΪܹ׵ɫ⣬Ҷʵֻٴηһ
˵ģ㿴ǧ̣ڵΪ޷в벽ıġ
ɫһ͵Ϯȴð벽ıܵ𵴣Ӷʱɽ䭺Ҷ洴ǧѷս
ɫɴ˿ɼһߡ
ңɫڶԸɫߵʱ򣬲ΪߵͣƷϾԽԡ
ͬģɫɫߣҲȻԡ
ͬҶǧϴսһǧ̵ɫƵǱòò׹ԸԲУſֵסǧ̵ɫ⡣
Ҷ뷨ܼ򵥣ҪԸƷΪɫ⣬Ժӵɫߵʱ򣬲ô
Ҷ֪߽ҵɫķֻˡ
ҶĿǸɷƵĺڻйأҺɷһ̽ʵ
ǻҶоǸһڽʮһϹħʱȻùˡ
ҶҲû뷨
˴λתϹħҶ濴İʮħĻʱͻȻ뷨
˶ħĻ϶ǳĶ࣬ѹ˵ѹɫأ
һǰҶӿʼħĻʱͿʼħĻõľȫݴ浽ڡ
Ȼʼѹ
տʼ˳ܿĽõѹɫ⡣
Ҷѹɫ⣬С䷿ô
Ҷһµĳѹ£ɫСʮֹ
ѹĿǰͷСȴѾﵽˡ
Ҷ治òͶ߶飬ʶħ˧ųɾŵ
ҶʧǣȱͶȫȫ߶£Ҳ޷ٽͷСɫѹֺ
Ҷɫ⣬ѹûг֡
ûٴμǿܵķûгԼҪĽҶЩʧ
ȥЩԪ鰢󻺻ҡҡͷҵҶүûˣҶʹ˳̵ѹˡ
ѹĿǰˣǡ
ʲôҶ׷ʵ
㽫ķӡ⿪࣬˵ʵڵģĿǰ⿪ķΪֻΧģڴ߶鷢ӳɵܶûСԪ鰢˵
Ҷף˵ģҲ
ǣķһرһǿһطҪǰһؼͰٱϡ
ҶƹҪ⿪ķҶĿǰа׵ǧΣܾͻ⿪
Ĵ󵽲Խķ⣬ֻһˮĥջ۵Ĺ
ôɫأҶʵ鵽ܴܲѹ
ҲȻǰѹɫ⣬ɫӦÿԣĿǰ̶ֽȵ飬ӦòԡԪ鰢˵
ʱڣ޷ӵɫˡѾһɫѹҶ棬֪ڶԣûнɫϣˡ
һɲǣҶһɣ΢΢֮£ѹµһɫ⣬ͷ·ҵһйһ㣬ˮһĳҶ鸮
ҶѾﵽɫص꣬ʼ̰ޱȵ⾫µɫ⡣
ͷ·ɳĮоÿʵ˺ȵˮһ㣬һ޷ˬУʱɢҶȫ
ӽˮĺһ㣬˲ϢˮһҶڶ̶̼ʱڣʹﵽɫ۷塣
ļ£ǣɫ⣬ԴԴϵڳҶ鸮
ʼѹҶ鸮ǷҶѹɫһ㣬ʱԴԴϵɫ⣬ʼѹҶ
ǣҶڴﵽ۷֮ѾͣҲ޷ֺ
Ҷģȥģ鸮ܻᱻ
һҶͶϿ֮ϵҲһɲǣҶ鸮е꣬ͻȻ䶯ˣ


1593 Ԫ֮
̥̻֮꣬һǿѾ̶޷ɺ׳
ͨ£ߵΪͻƵ꺣֮ĳ׳ǱĬ£ջ۵΢ϸ֮Ļ׳
׳󣬸һֳɳ׳ĳ̶ȣǳޡ
ԣһֻܵӳڻסĸɾ󣬻ϾɢԶˡ
£߶ǽŻĴҲٻᶯֱ仯
ڣҶ鸮ĵ꣬ȴ·˯ļʹһ㣬ͻȻһͿʼҶ鸮ڵ⡣
׼ȷ˵Ӧɣ
ҶҶ⣬ɵٶȷǳĿ죬Ҷ鸮ԭѾ͵⣬ĹͱҶԸ˽ӽķ֮һ
ڵĺԸٶӿ˽
ҶȴǰһĻŵĸβˡ
ȻԼԸ⣬Ҷ滹û
ָоԸԸһ㡣
⵽ô£Ҷ漱ʵ
ʱ򣬰쵰ȴˣЦ˵Ҷү̯Ϻˣˮɵĺ°
ʲô£쵰ȴصĲ˵Ҷ汾ƤļһһǺݵģúõĳԡ
һ룬Ȼ£ˮɵĺ£ǾͿȥʲô¡
ҶڴͬʱҲڲϵš
ڽҶ˽һ֮Ҷ꣬ȻͳһһСĻС˶
С˶ģͷüëĻֱҶһģһ
ʱС˶Ҷ鸮֮Уӣ͸ĪľأȴڲϵҶ鸮ڵ
ϵУС˶ĴСʼ׳ҶУҲһĪĸо
ʱԪ鰢˵ҶС˶ʲôˡ
Ԫ飡
Ҷû뵽֮󣬾ȻǻԪ飡
Ԫ飬һ飬ҶȴˮɵľԪ飬ûκηա
ʵһ㣬Ҷ治֪ġ
߳ɾԪ飬ǿһһεĻۣԪʱʱɢ𣬶ǳе顣
ûһҶܹ׼˺ɫ⣬һɲǼϵ
İʮħĻ൱ҶĿǰһϡ
Ԫʱ˵׼Լʮ֮ǰٷ֮һǳˣ
˺¾ЩҴǿߣС
ЩҴţԪʱҪ׼ĿԲĵرԷ⡣
ҶĿѹһµľޱȵɫ⡣
⣬˭У
£ҶˮɵĳɾԪ飬Ҳͳ˳µ顣
ڲ׳Ԫ飬ҶǸһ˿Ц
㲻Ĳأ
Ҷֻɫ⣬û뵽ȻֱӳɾԪ顣
Ҫ֪ųϵߣΪﵽǾ۷֮󣬲ſʼԪ顣
˵ǽ֮ǰǽǰԪߣҲ֮١
Ҷͨ۷壬˲еԪ顣
Ԫ꣬ر
ȣ꼫˵רſһʧȥıһ紵ܹɢꡣ
Ԫȴһ
ԪΪǡΪѪɵԪ̥Ҷа׺ˣҲӲôǶɢ
£ʧȥֻҪԪ飬Ϳɵأɿʩչ󲿷ͨ
겻һʧȥ֮ڶʱҵʵɢԶˡ
ߣԪһ壬ǽָ߬ȭͷһ
ΪģΧ˷֮꣬ȣſָ
Ӧ˵ſָ
ǿһĿȻ
˵Ҷ֮ǰȫ⣬˸ڵԪ΢𵴣ڵԪ鷢һ⣬ôҶ֮ǰ꣬㲻ᵱɢҲ⵽ش
ڵҶǧ̶սǧ̵ɫ⣬Ҳ֮ǰ
ٴΣԪ֮ӳǿҶڵתٶȡתٶȡͨŵĴ߶һȲС
˵ͬΪʵ£ӵԪҶ棬ûԪ顢ֻҶ棡
Ĳ˵˵ҶĿǰꡣ
֮ʱҶֻ꣬Ҫ꣬ҪҶǰ׼Ҫһʱꡣ
Ҳ޷̫ãһ֮ڣͻɢȥ
Ԫ֮Ҷٶȣ͸Ҷ֮ǰٶһҪһ֡
ңֻҪҶԸ⣬Ҷ꣬ƶ೤ʱͿƶ೤ʱ䡣
֮ǰֻСļ֮²ʹõѹ׵ɱ꣬Ҷڿһһ㣬ˣ
ĿǰԪ黹ڳɳ֮УҶƣԪ鳹ɣӵ꣬ӦÿԴﵽ
ң֮Ҳ֮ǰ֮ͱϺܹƵʱ䣬ӳ
ҶٴλţʩչСлԪףҲ֮ǰɺܶ࣬ԪǿĿӦٲ޷Լ
֮Ԫ֮ҶͿʩչСлԪˣΨһǵģСлԪ׵ĺˡ
СлԪףԪ֮ҶͨҲȵ
ǽͨǺʣֻӰľͨڣдȵ
֮ͬ£ԪҶʩչͨûԪߴĶ࣡
ҶԪ׳ϵ᳤
Ҷע£鸮ֵԪһɫ⣬ȶ


1594 ֮
Ҷ鸮УߵɫԪ飬鸮ģɢ⣬鸮߸Ԫһ⻪
һɲǣҶоԪ֮鸮Ŀƣһ̨ס
Ȼ˵ǰ鸮ƿزȫƺӵ͸ˡ
ÿһ϶ӡƣڣ߷ÿʱÿһ·ϵתϸڣܿĸ
Ҷٵ߶Щơ
һɲǣҶһͷһһΣһȺӰɢ˷
ʮ˸
ҶͶŵĿȥһȭͷ
ڴ֮ǰӰֳڣոԪ飬͵ӰĿһӾͷ

룬Ҷһӻóʮ˸ѱӰǵǿߣҲֻͨЩӰѰҶ
ٶٿ죬Ҫնɱʮ˸ӰҲҪһʱ䣬񣬾ԿԸҶȡʱ䡣
Զǿʱãսʱʮ˸Ӱ𵽵ĸñǿĿɲһ㡣
ңɫԪɵӰۺʵϣҪɵӰǿܶࡣ
ȣԪɵӰھҶ湻£ٶȿԴﵽҶ߳ǰ˳ɣɵӰٶֻܴﵽҶٶȵɡ
ͬʱɵӰֻԶҶʮʮ޷ָʹһĿơ
ԪɵӰΧǰ
Ҷ֮ͨУʱӰ׷ֱ磬ģҪʵսȥ顣
ҶսȴΪû£һϡ
˵ģɫԪĴ߶£Ҷתٶȣһֹ
⡢ȫλһ
ڸոԪûãҶʮ˵Ӱ֮󣬾ϥʼµħոץħĻꡣ
ԪոɣҪȹ̡
£ҶһֱħոɵɫԪ顣
ڣµħһҶ׽ʮֻħĻ꣬ԵͽħĻΪҲˡ
ϧǣҶɵɫԪ飬ޱȵĻȷǳޡ
ǰոǣɫԪǳӽ磬ԼһųͷɣºҶɫԪĴСչѡ
Ҫ˵ǣ޳Ԫ֮Ԫǿûȷĵȼ֡
ԪƷ׺ʹС֡
ɫԪ϶ҪɫԪǿɫԪֱɫԪǿ
ǣ׸ߵɫԪ飬ȴԿѹߵɫԪ顣
ͬɫԪ飬СĿ϶ҪСǿһ㣬СԪ飬ȫһԿѹԪ顣
ͨ£һϵԪ飬ֻԪߵĵǿ߲ӵС
֮£ܹӵԪ鶼ѾǸˡ
ǧ̣ΪԪ飬ԪС粻
ǣΪԪɫԪ飬ҪӲƴԿŰҶ棡
µʱڣҶħ˧ǿƽ£ħͳһȣȵ
Ҷ泹ɫԪ֮Ҷͽһֵħ˧ӵأսѪ쵽Ʈڼħʵ쭡
ڰǰڼħ˰׼ħĴӪڸʮɵսѪӼƷ䡢ħ˧˵£ռ˰׼ħĴӪ
ʧȻأջȴޱȵǿ
׼ħĴӪУħ꣬ǳʮλħߴһǧͨ񾳵ħߴ֮ͨµħ곬ʮ
һս֮£նɱе߳ɣúڼħвӿ˴ĸ֣սѪٴγ˸ǶԲ
սУڶߡھ˵ΪͻƵ˽ڵĽߴʮˡ
ͻƵڵи߼ߴˡ
սħ˧սѪгӯħ˧Ϊ˽ء
ڶߡھ˵Ϊ˽أͬʱλΪǿ
Щͻļһʱ֮Ϊʹͨ񾳾أ̫ˣǧˡ
ϧǣûȫߣɵİ׼ħܣҪ׽ЩûаĹǲܵġ
Ϊʱ޵ԭҶ沢ûɱ׷ɱЩ׼ħ
˾ŷֿɨ֮ħ˧ɱ˳ħĴӪ
Ҷ뿪֮ǰħ˧ŴƽħĴӪļӿһͳħĽ̡
Ҷƣļƻѹò꣬꣬꣬һܹһͳħ硣
ʱһͳϹħôħԣϹħڲеϹħĴУͻְɣ
ϹħĴУʱսѪİأҲӦõ˷ʱ̡
һ죬Ҷڴ
һʱ䣬ħڱպգڼħڲϵļţʵȴڷһš
Ҷħĵĸµʱ䣬ڼħͨ񾳹ٱռȣѾҶյʱİٷ֮һͷﵽڵİٷ֮ʮ
ĿҶʱԺԲƣﵽڵǧˣĽ죬Ǹߴʮˣ
ħ˧ΪҲ˳µ˽ء
սѪ̫ͨħ˧Ϊأ⡣
Ψһ˵ģǺڼħҶʱľʮ򣬱ڵʮһ
ǣڼħŵʵȴࡣ
ھֻҪûдģսͻưֻʱ⡣
һ죬Ҷһ˧еħ˧ͷһʱ֮󣬺ڼħָʹڶߡھͬʱ˧С
μ˧
̽ĸŵĴ󱾹ļûдݻ٣Ҷʵ
ش˧ħĸ֮УĿǰֻϼ׾ŵĴӪûй£ڶص
ϼ׾ŵĴӪҪòƽϼ׾ŵĴӪҶʵ
ش˧Ҫ죡ڶ
죿Ҷüͷһ壬ֻȫǰأ
ش˧װͻҲ졣ߴ
졭
Ҷһ£ʱܵսһҲ죬ǰʱ䡣
Ҷʱ䣬ٶȸ컹ԣϣȴǲˡ
ҶϹħĸ³ͷʱ䣬֮ǰԭӥĵһʱ䣬ԭӥԲ֮Լȴֻпһµʱ䡣
ԭһµʱΪ㣬ǣϹħ뿪ʱǸռͨŲ뿪ߡ
֪ὫҶ͵
ҶãҶ͵ܵ۹ٸϵɵҲʮʱ䡣
ҪһЩǾ˵ˡ
ԣҶڱ뿪ˡ
Ȼʱ䲻ˣһϼ׾ŵĴӪڶˡ
ϼ׾ŵĴӪͽɣҼȴʵΪҪҶ潻
˧
һ۰ڵصĺڶˣҶٴοڵһ죬˧ٴ뿪ħ磬˧ϣһα˧ת֮ʱѾһͳħ磡
˧ҵȱزд˧ʧ
ˣԴɣ˵꣬ҶĿ⿴һŵĺǣǣ
һɲǣħ˧źǳڵҶڵħ
Ǳ˧ںĴ½ߵݣ뿪һΪ𣡡ħ˧ָҶ˵
ǲμϣ
ǣ缫׺սǿž˵һʣҶϲ
˵ͷʾĿȴǿ뿪ħǸͨ
ҪܲܽǴħˣ


1595 ˮ
սѪڣֻһ˲䣬Ҷʹ˴ħִħǸռгڡ
վڿռгǰҶ濴վıֱĺǣȴЩԥˡ
⻹ҶһνħĴ½ħ˧ȻԴħ磬һȫħ顣
Ϊħ˧ԾʽҶڣȻ׳ģҶ˫ؼӳ֣ͬһϵħ顣
ħһ뿪ħ硢ֻ߳󣬻᲻벻أ
Ԫ鰢˵ħС飬ͻȻС磬˲ɢĿԡ
ǱǷǳ⼸µȫ£ΪѾħ˧˽ء
ħڳ˺ڶߡھ֮ǿĺڼħˡ
ΪҪǣսħĺǣȻԸΪߴ۷ĺڶսغϣս·硣
Ҫ֪ڶӵҶµƷħģȫǳֿȭ
ҶǵĽڵΪӲڵǿߣûκ⡣
ôѪһ˵ĳڣһȥͱɢڣǿɾҪѪˡ
ȥͨħȴЩͨħһѣͨ񾳡
Ӻڶħ²飬ԼµĶ飬չЩ̡Ը䣬Ҷ͸ı⡣
ͨ񾳡ħ²һҶԸ
һɲǣѪһħ˧ʧһԵĺУȴһ˿Ĳ
ӣħ˧ʹž²ڿռгڴ
ķ²ķ²ķ²ͨ񾳵ķ²ķ²ȴֻһ
˺Ǽ䣬Ҷһħ˧ҶڣҶ̤˿ռ֮С
⻪˸УҶʧ
ڲʹתĿռͨ˺˰֮ǰĲʹɢŨصĺˮζҶıǻ
һΣǿռоȻҶ͵һ֪ĴϣҶ沢ûоսѪһɢͽеľħ²˳
飡
Ǿħ²ųһɲǣˢˢ
ħ²е²ķ²ڳںĴ½ĵһʱ䣬ͱԪؼ䡣
ҶһȴҶͷһɡ
Ͼͨ񾳻ķ²ûб
Ҷͷ֣ķ²ȻûбϢȴڲϵš
ֻҪսѪ֮Уھͻֹͣһ뿪սѪıӻھͻٴγ֡
صħ²ڵٶȱȽϿ죬ʱʱ䣬֮һ
Ҷƣʱصħ²ͻ᳹׵ڡ
صħ²ȻҲڣٶȾͷǳˣʱĹڵɶûС
ٿںĴ½һϡ
ͨ񾳶غͨأصħ²ûκڵļ񣬸ɡ
ҶſǵĽƣսһ
Ҷ淢֣ǵʵҲûκӰ죬ͨ񾳶صħ²ܵ˵£Ҳûκڵļ
ܿģҶ͵óһۣ
Ϊ
ħ飬ӦֻҪΪﵽͨ񾳣Ĵ½ͲκӰ졣
ͨ񾳵ΪӦþܴܲڵķˮ룡
֮Ϊ֮ͨ£ΪԽͣԽң
֣Ҷеˡ
Ҳ˵ҶԺҪħǾҪִоӢ룬ͨ񾳻ͨΪߡ
ںǣصΪǾûġ
Ҷ沢ȥӺǹ
ħĿռгڵصûһصĴλ뱱ɵȽϽĻǾԲ֮ҹԼս֮ȥӺǹ
ȷħи߼ںĴ½ֲ棬ҶҲżӺǹˡ
һɲǣͷһʯһ󺣣ûãŸԴҧžŸѵ޳
Ҷ涯֣ǧ̾ͽͷ޵ѻ꣬Сèͷ濪ʼǾֻ޵ʱӵǿɫԪǧ̣Ѿѻϡ
ʦͷ޵ļûĻӦǶϺıԵܽ
뱱жԶǰֻ޵ļ䣬ݱֱʮʮҹҲ½صӰӣǧ˵
ҶֶһͼǷݼªĺĴ½ͼϺĽأ뱱ǵǿߣҲ÷һʱ䡣
ϧǣִΧĵͼޱȵļªѹ޷ȷԼλá
˼˼Ϣ֮սѪѪⶸؽҶһٴΰסߣǻħ磬һǸռгڣ
תħֻǼ֮飬һγħĿռгڴһΣҶ˺ǡ
ԺǵսڶǱһǿս
ٴδӲʹתĿռ̤ͨʵصĸоҶͷһ½ء
һΣ½ϡ
ҶĶд˴ޱȵķζĻŭ߳ڵֱźһɲȫҶĶڡ
Ҷ۾˷εͬʱȴЦ



1596 ս
ǰ
ҶһŵĵطȻ֧ĳ潻ս֮أۿ֧һɱǵصļ꣬ҶЦ֮࣬һʹ߶ݣ˲Ϣʧ
ԭʧ֮ǰҶ滹ǧ̡ǵս޴
ҿҶݣҪȻ䵽мأ߼𣬾ǽǿҲҪ䡣
ŲͨҲһܹӳ죬뷢ǿޱȵҵĿռ䲨
Ҫĸǿ߲Ҽем䣬Ҳˡ
ϢĶݳ˴мأҶЦǣ֧ŻɫĵĴͷļͻȻʧҶǵע⡣
Ȼ΢ͣһ¡
һͣ٣ɫ⥴ĳͷΪ֮һ裬źɫĴһֻ롣
һսơ
Ѳƶ֧վҪֳһʤģʤҶûʲôϵ
һЦҶϢĶԶһߣһóͼʼȶԣԸĿǰʲôλ
Ѳ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹְĸҶõ˴ڿƼϵĸߵȼͼ
Ѳ˾ְ֮һѲķɽͼ
̽ѲʹķµͼܵѲ˾ȻƳɴɽͼ
Ѳ˾ͻᰴ轫ͬȼɽͼɷȥ
ܵͼΪ졢ءˡĸƷףܹͨ򵽵ģֻзͼ˼ͼ
ͼһݼ򵥵ĵͼ˺ɽĴ·ֻʶһ
˼ͼϸˣСɽڳֲȵȡ
ؼͼڹƷˣؼͼϣСڰĺмأЩ˼ĴɽҲע·
һأ֮ʱͻǸݵĵؼͼԼܱ߰﷽Բ˼ͼ
켶ͼֻоѲ˾ҪʱŻ·Ϊо±עܱ顣
ңҪĸ켶ͼͻ·ĸ켶ͼ
Ȼ켶ͼǴܵ۹ߵͼ˵ܵ۹صǼԪı壬ԽĴ½κһھ˺ֳֵ
⣬˵ֻдʥӲд߶ʸ
ʹҶѲʹݣõֻڶ·Ѳʹ켶ͼܵ۹ĵؼͼͼ
νĵؼͼͼȥϱߵľ·עɽزעСǧµɽСͳȵȡ
ɵĺϣһݴܵ۹ĵؼͼͼͼ۸ߴһǧƷʯ
ȴһֱ˽͡
ԭܼ򵥣ҶڽݵؼͼͼʱߴԼӡ
ݵؼͼ֮Уһݾ˵Ǵо󷨣ֻдӡܿ޷¼
ͼһ˽Ƶڱ˵СͷһֻͨԼӡ쿴ͼκٶʱɻҽ
ȴǳķ㡣
Ҷǧ֮ʵһȽϴ͵ɽ֣΢ͼʱͳ˲ϰٸɽӰ
ܵ۹ڣͬɽʵ̫ˡ
ͺܷˣҶһԽдɽ̬Ӱͼе̬ӰԱһ£ܿģҶȷԼλá
رȽԶڴϲƫԶһλãܶڹңԶݿͨǷַơ
Ҳ⣬ҶĿǰڴ·ϺӺܾƣַ͹ʱһ׷֮ϺӺĹ֮ǰһλ
ϺӺܱߣȫƵķСȡ
ǣĴСȴһȺС
Ϊڴܵ۹֮󣬹ӵйڵȫȨȨ
־ȨǾӵĿƣھӵĽɱ
ֻҪܱзֻҪǸʵͿԷŵĽ̲һ㣬ܲܵġ
ֻҪ㰴ӵеĹСʱϽɹҪܵĹκξ£Ϳ԰ĵĵĹ
ҶıΪ߿ԭҶŷһľȨǣҶµĴڱڽ˷սû⣬ǸҿǿǴˡ
ڷȴûκ⡣
ֻҪб¡ʵĴֱӿԷĹû˹㡣
Ҷʱ棬ս
׼ȷ˵ϺӺϵϺӺս
ͼʾֻϺӺ֮һҶϢȴɱĲˣѶǰ
ȻսҶҲûʲôϵҶѾͼϲ鵽ӵϹŲĳǳأϺӺľģɳӳڡ
ҶٶȣϹȥֻҪһͷʱ䡣
Ϊƫߵĳеԭ򣬷ԲڣɳӳϹŲ󣬳ɳӳǣҶϹŲ·̶ڰϡ
ϵ·̣ҶĿǰĲģҶһ·ϹŲϹȥ뱱ϹŲԭڣٸɵҲʮ졣
ʱЩ
ңһ·ϹŲŲƹȥҪŲߴϣм²õʱ䡣
˼ڻͨСèķٶȲû̫࣬ʱȴûǰַ׼֮
ƿյСǧ֮ˣһ·ɳӳǵʱ򣬺ܰȣҲûʲô⡣
һ󣬵Ҷϵɳӳ֮󣬾Щˡ
˵Щɵˡ
˭˵ⳡսûйϵ
ϵˣ
Ƚϱ߰ΪϺӺɳӳǣǰոձռˡ
ɳӳǵĳǽϣǸɺڵѪʱʱڳľݴϣܿ֫ϱۡ
ⳡսĲҡ
ҵɳӳڵϹŲ
ΪսҵԭɳӳڵϹŲѾ¹ܿˣǰĸֵľڡ
ֵľ֮ΪͷֹԮɳӳڵϹŲֱӹر졣
гɳӳǵͼͷſɳӳǵϹŲ󣬲ŲƹģƵһΰڡ
ģƣɳӳǴսңѹûģȥģ뿪ɳӳǵģҲû⡣
Ҫɾ޶ʯ֮⣬ҪŶ顣
ʯһģҶνŶ飬ҪҶˡ
һ䣬Ҷͷ֣Ϊսҵԭ˰ҪͨϹŲ뿪սҵɳȫӵɳӳǡ
˵ǰɳӳǵ˺ͰգڣɳӳѾ֮󣬻ŶӺü졣
Ҷ쵽ĺƣѾԺˣڵٶȣʮģºֵҶ棬Ҳ
ҶˣȥͻԲ֮ҹһս
һսҶ沢̫⣬ܴ̼ԭӥǿҶ治֪ʲô
˼˼ϢҶϾ˾ݣʹȨ


1597 үķŭ
ܵ۹ڣ˵ҶһССȲǺߵ״̬λûʲôõġ
˵ģҶ֪ģɳӳϹŲڣλʮλϰλӾŶӡ
ڳŸ̶ֺӣǳй̶ҲкüһŶӡ
˸ӣ֤ǵİȫþӵЩ˲ȥɧǡ
ԣҶݣȲѲ˾Ѳڶ·Ѳʹݡ
ݣһλҪСӦԡ
Ҷʱ¹ƵϹŲУξͷϵ亹ʱ
ϾѲ˾ͷɲô
Ѳ߻ʵԶܲϱߣˮתվǰһλʵȨѲʹʱ
Ȼʹӡû⣬ôʹмҪʹŲûɣҶһϰΪ˵
ҶĿһɨҶ޳Ԫ֮ĿһɨʹȻϵѹƣñҶĿעӵˣܵη塣
ûû⣡ҶĿ⣬λΪҶ滹Ҫ߼صУξҶˣҡϰţϰţ
Ҷû˵ֻ΢˵ͷȻĿעһУξ
ʱעӴ˵ѹȴߴٸӵЧ
УξţҶͷһɣѲʹݣȻãУξҶʱΧһŻ
룬ҶҲ֪ЩʲôҶ˳뿪
Ҷ鲻
Ȼ˼ҸӣҶҲҪϵ
žζĿһɨô󲿷ΧȴΧ
Ҷ湧һ񣬻һ˾͵һ˼ܼ򵥣˵һѡ
һλȹĹܼңȹﶼûãҶЩңʵȨѲʹݹá
ǸˡܰæЩˣҶǾԶ֮
ҶܾЩ˵ʱ򣬸ո뿪Уξȴһ̫һ˹Ҷüͷһ塣
λҶѲʹҼҴ˵Ǹ˵Ӧϸ㿪ϹŲ󣬲ǸոյرϺӺ׼ǲǿɳӳǣԣǱԱϸ顭
̫໰˵꣬ҶһɨôѲ˾Ĺ㸺𣬻λ𣿡
λ̫ȴƤЦⲻЦ΢΢һЦҶϢŭҲصˣָʵ̫࣬Ϊ±òס£ϹŲĿҼҴÿڹ̶ʱҼҴ˹ϹŲ
ھҪϹŲԣ»ʾҼҴˡͷҶٳʾһӡţūȥҼҴ鿴
ҼҴ˿ˣһǰΪ˿ϹŲġ
̫Ļ˵ļΪƯҶҲûʲô̵ĵطӳӡţ˳һ仰
ʹٵȰʱʱ䣬ʱǿɾͱֱʹʱҪǼҴͱʹ뿪ÿʹ飡
̫˫ֽӹӡţǣѲ˾İԵĶˣλȻЩѲ˾һֱ
һɲǣ̫ͻ𼱻ǵĳҶӡֱϵй˵֮ء
ʵƿϹŲĿƣģҴ˻ûеǸ̶ȡ
ǣ
ֵս£߼ϸռŲϺӹҲ𰡡
ֻʾҴˣ¿Ҵôˣ˵ԵҲпܡ
һ·ӣʱھ͸ϵҴʱŵĳйȻͨ裬ܿģº뷨㱨ҵĴˣһĿӢȵꡣ
Դ߰ǰһѹ˾һ˵ٶȳɳţ̶߰ʱ䣬ΪͽϣҲΪܸɵһλ
۲ŴԵӢ
һͻϮռɳӳǣҴ˲߻ģһжϺӺתߣΪĴȡ˼䱦ʱ䡣
Ҷ̫ˣͻһ
Ѳ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹҶ棿һ꣬żӸҶӡŵĿֱӹˡѲ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹЩֱۣˡҶ桯ϱߡ
·Ҷ桯ֶһ㡣
һĻȴ̫żѣүλҶ˺ܲ룬ֻʱʱ䣬ǵѲ˾Ĺ񡭡ʣµĻ˵Ҷ֪
ߣѲ˾żëˣ𣿲£Ҷ˻湻İ
Щ꣬ѾٸҶˣϧûһǱҪҵǸҶ档
ҲǣǸҶ֣ܹǸطŹ֡
ӦùԹԵĴǸűȥոļǸͬʱֽҶӡӸǸ̫ࡣ
˵ǰɳУһ˻Ѳ˾˾˾ĿȻˣ˵Ѳ˾ҲЩá
ȥɳӳǵѲµ·Ѳʹ̽̽ҶѲʹĵףǼһЩǵĺǵģҲõʱˡ˵
ǣū
̫ɿȥ֮һСȥòȴޱӣͳй֮С
ֵһ֣һĹŮμһѣŵǹŮУʵүҹ£
һԳѲڶ·ѲʹҶˣѲ˾ΪҪʹɳӳǵϹŲ뿪
ֵ˱սΣ֮ʣκѲʹ̵ϸ
Ѳʹ֪ģϺӺǰѲ˾Ҳһϵġ˵
˵˵ЦţѲʹӹ˸Ҷӡŵ򣬡Ҷ棿֣Щ찡
죿һ
үԵȡѲʹָһͻȻʩչһ׼临ӵָ·ԾһҶӡϸµӡϵ⡣
һɲǣҶĸӡͻţҶӰظ˳ҵ
һֵģһʵйҶ֡
ޣԭСӰ֪ΪʲôҿСӵˣѲʹӰйҶĽܡ
Ѳ˾еطѲ˾ÿһ˵ӡµӡֻҪַͻֳ˵ĳԼһӦϸϡ
Ѳ˾мݵľַַֻиѲʹְ˾ˣŻᱻڣ
СѲ˾ͷǰֵķзһҹʮһ󰸵Ѳϴǧ֪
˵СӸɵϴǧŵţȻֱ˾ǿѲ˴˾Ѳһš
ϲ˵ŵѲʹͻȻʹסˡ
Ϊ֣֪ʱǰλүȻվ˱ҶӰǰޱĶҶӰ
ҧгݵģҶɱһ㣡


1598 ޵
ɳӳϳйڣôһɲǣ̽ȭ߬һֱ˶ɡ
Ҳôһɲǣת˲š
λѲʹĿ⿴ʱ򣬻Ʒޱȵ飬Ѿָ
θұ֤ûпղŻƷ̵Ŀ⣬ǿɱһĿ⣬תۼ䣬ˡ
ңλƷѾʼˣȻҶްǱ͵һˣõ
ѲʹЩѲʹСһҵһȫúóԺúȵĹŰ
αܵľ̵仯йŹ֣һսպյĺү仯飬бҪȥһתһҲͬţһǴ֣ʹҲүһˣҲʶһ¡
ԣƷȴǹһЦǲѲʹˣѾˮѲʹ׼˸ƣһѲʹĽûǴޣ
Ѳʹţȥȥͻأ
һ㶮񣬻Ʒ̾ʹȥйܼкλѲʹ
Ʒ˼֣εĺĸǿ룬ǲЩЩ£ûǲ
үҪҪūЩ׷ϵĺ̫ܹǹæʵ
ƷЦһǵúúøλѱЩˡ
ȥҵʹȥɳӳǵ£ָʦʦǧʦҪɳӳǡ̺ȵ
̫ܹ̹ܶŲ͵ضһ£ͷӦˣԭźү˵ǷҶѲʹǺүġѰ
үĿһ
ǰЩΪ˹ɳӳǣܶҲôࡣ
үūǰȥǰ붯ʦг֣ǳ֣ǡ
㲻𣿱Աʹȥģȥġ
ʹݣǣǣ𣿡̺ȵ
ǹ͵һūףүҪǵĻǿɲУ
˿Ѳ˾ɲһƨ鷳ס˱֮⣬޷εˣһ
⣬ţº󣬲һ¼ˣ㣬ȥСֹܱܷͷɡ̽
ǣūף
˵꣬ɭɭĶˮһۣȻ괫˶Ǹһ
УǸһ£ǳϹŲܱߵ£ȫˣһңȫһնơ
ǹһүȫ
ȫ
ūף
ּѶɳй˷Ӷ
Ҫ˵һ̵ݣƷ̣ȹܷƷ֮ûã׶ͱͶ뷽
ЩһƬİͼ̣Ǵ뷷ĻƷ֮⣬֮һ
ʱ򣬻ƷԴܾλƷߵģͷܱ߼ڻá
˴ܵؽ磬ȴͨԱҵĴŶȥ
һ߻ŵ½ıƷһ´һ
ԻµҶ棬ֱǺ޵˹
µľѡУ˰ͽȥͽࡢȴޱȴȴûм¼½ΪʹҪ½дһͽ
Ҳչȭš
ͽڵ½ûκοռλϵͨ޷ִ
ңżܹӦɽΪ˴չͽ·ʽ̳Ϣ
Ϊˣϧһ˿ôͨƿ޾ռڸӦ̳Ϣһɲǣ͵½
ָС硢ƾһ˿Ӧͻ˵ͨǾĴڣʩչҲޱȵĴ
͹ȥΪԽߣľʹ
ʱͨ񾳾۷ΪǽΪֱ͵ңԶޱȵ½ǾҲ޷
ΪˣطӡΪӲķ˿۷壬벽ĳ̶ȡ
ֻнΪӡ̶ȣпܽȫ͹ȥ
½ޱȴõƬϢ֪½ΪߣҲһأȥƾҲɱ
ǣȴҶ档
ԭʵҲɸɵҶ档
ȴҶܹɱ֮һɫֱӽһ룬ʧȥ
ڻ¸ᣬɱҶ׷ɱǱӴܡ
գѡ˴Ϲħת˺Ĵ½
Ǳסˣȴȫʧˡ
ǹͽѰ½ϹŲûɣܶ顣
һǰһС
þޱȵʧȻûаʹݣΪһʧܣɽһʹλʵ
˵ģδܻجһ˷һʵķԾ
ʼޣѧϰֱսߣŹʶ¶ͷǣڸ׵Ҳá
ʼѧã׳ͬʱһͽЩ١
ǰΪЩ׿죬ټһΣҩԭ²½
ɽһʹ֮λҲ±Ͽɡ
һĸͻϮϺӺľɳӳǣʵǵɳӳǵµӦϣһٹռɳϳǡ
ϲｮϵתŦɳӳϹŲ
ս֮ڣҪΪ̫ӵĺҲԽԽߡ
ǶڻƷ̶ԣ½ĳ裬һնδȥ
Ȼ֪Ҷ治Ĵ½ÿÿҶˣҪ鿴һһʱ䣬ŰɱҶΪ֣
죬ȴۿ˲Ĵ½ҶӰ
ǷѲʹӰѹţǾҹҹŰɱҶ棡
ҶģѾǵ˹
ϣһģһ˺ܶ࣬ӡüë۾䡢ͷȫһģһҲһģһˣȴܣ
֮Ĵ½Ҷ棬ȴ½ִ˺Ĵ½
⵱̺ľ壬Ʒײ
ο½̶̰겻ȴѾ֣½ǸС磬ȫͬһ磬пžܡ
һѶ̿һۣѶʱɻҡ
Ǹ̫ܹǹģԵɳӳǷסѾ֣һڵλ
һΣҪ㻹ӣ̶̰ϢĹ̾´ϰٵϸޱȵ
һɲǣ̵γ˸߿գ޵Ѿ¡
ʱ򣬾Ѫޡͬʱþʱ̣


1599 ǲ
ɳӳϹŲΧѾ˰̶ӵҶЩͷˣû뵽ԼѲ˾ѲʹݣЩһﻹī
Ѳĵؽ磬ҶѲûʲôˣҶҪСЬ
Ѳ˾ɲǺõġ
ΪϹŲҪԱҶʱΪ鷳ͽǧ̡ս޴
ȴЩˣǽųôô֪Ǹ̫鵽װôˣ
ף
ȴ䣬ҶĿⶸУϰٵߵϢ
Ⲣ֣ϺӺڽսдģĸֳ룬Ǻ顣
һɲǣϰλߣȻ·ϹŲϿյʱ򣬶Ȼֱ䣬ϹŲܱΧ
ߵʱҶĿһЩߣȫɫΡ
ͬʱǧͨʦͬʱ˷ӿ˹һͬӿģǧźɫ硢ɷʿ˷˹
һĻʱþۼϹŲܱŶӵȴһ֪ʲô顣
Щ˵ս
Ͼɱðɱƽ飬ڴܲټ
׽Ϻӹϸˣվԭزʱϸͬɱۣ
׽Ϻӹϸˣվԭزʱϸͬɱۣ
׽Ϻӹϸˣվԭزʱϸͬɱۣ
һ𵴳棬˵Ķڣ棬߶䱸߰գʱɢȥ
˺ĸִǰ˭ҪǲϣϳɼϸͬԼ
ҶҲƣˣҪǸ̫ĴˣҪʰҶѲʹ
Ѳ˾ѲʹɲɱģҶĵϣ¾Ҫˡ
ѹǴһĹߣ
ϣ׽õϸ֮󣬾ͻ᳹׷ſϹŲǾͲŶӣʱڶ뿪һģĿҶ߳š
дŵЩ̶ӡգȫЩʿڲЩʿųŵվܡѲ顣
Щ̶ӡ֮ϣЩߵʾ֮⣬ҪΪôʦڳ
ʦǣڴܵ۹ķʱˣԴȱΪĻ࣬ԳˣƵĻǲẦǵġ
죬ȻôʦôֻҪúϣǰȫġ
ҶҲôΪģǣҶżȻƳͻȻͷ֣ЩʿһᵶվЩܵĸ˰յᵶƣҶͻȻָо
Щʿڵȴһ㡣
ҲڴʱͷͻȻ佫һͷ˴Ӷоŭȵϸڴˣ
һٶʱͽϰٸˡߵעȫ˹ȥ֮ǰһֱĵˣͷʶһɡ
ҲһɲǣЩվĺʿǵõжźһ
еĳ͵³ɳĵľƽն
꣡
һſԴѪ˲Ϣ佻֯һ
־ٶޱȵͻأޱȵͻȻ˶ûз֮£նɱ
żмľ˵ģܹһǣڵͿеЩʦ赭дĳһƣͽǼӵһļһĳࡣ
ɲǼ䣬Һų
߿еλһֱüĿʦͻأĳһϸޱȵİƿӣˣ
ƿͻȻɺ⣬Щ꣬׷ײҺűǸƿ֮С
ƿ֮һҺͻޱȵ
Щδȥ꣬һĻ״׷״޺ʦй棬й
ǣǲûĹ
ʦġ
Щٴο޺ɳӳǷ֪ȴǿҲûЩˣƿ⻪һͽЩ˵ɸɾ
Ϲɡ
˵ǰͺ¿αһȻαޱȣ㶼ǻɢˣҶЦͻ
ɳӳ֪һĿⶸҶ棬ʩѷ𣿡
ͺ¿α
˵ǽộΪ˱ʹҶָıӴ
˵ʦЩʿոճʱҶ滹Ϊ׽ϸ
ǣǿʼʽնɱЩ޹ĸˡ߰յʱȴûһ˹Ҷ֪Щ˵Ŀ꣬
һĲϣǸҵѲ˾ɱ޹ò˰µĹӰͻᱻ¡
ڸˮϣѲ˾˺
ңһţҪͱȥʦҲҪд鷳ܵļ˾ǣɲǳԸɷģ͵žǵСء
ڣ֮ԸôΪѾҶ浱һˣ
ǲй¶ܵģǲ޼ɵĳɱˡ
жرɭȻޱȵɷǿ˿󷽣ɱȥ
ЦȻһ֮ҡͷԳ䣬ͲҶ棬ԹԵĿеɻƿ
֮ˣ
ҶĿһ֪
Ҷ汾ΪԼ챻ΧйأҶ׵Ŵġ
ȻµĶ֣µİ׵һСæƺҲʲô¡
֪һ˵ԸҶˣƺˡ
Ҷܲ죬ǵһϽԹ޳𣬵ʲôˣĶԸ
ӦóǸ̫ϡ
ͬʱʮ󷨹⻪Զ𣬽ϹŲߣΧ˸ˮйͨ
Ҷüͷٴһ壬ֶΣҪ׵ĶϾκܣ˭أ
ͻȻ䣬ҶĿһУһλźɫ׵꣬ڴֵİΧ£Ĵн䡣
꿴ҶĿ⣬˻
̣Ծ֮£Ҷʧ
޺޵ĶҶ̣ٴһ䣬û뵽㣡
ԭԽֵⷢҶ棬ֻ߰˷ֵжϣϾ½Ĵ½̫ˡ
Ҷһɤӣȴٷְٿ϶ǰ֮ˣ½Ҷ档
ת˲䣬Ҷ
֪ǳмһ죬û뵽ȻһΣôɣ
ȥǰҪˣնԸҵֶΣһһ˿Ϸ죡
׽üϸ֮סģȻһܱˣɱеĿߣֲַֹӶݵ󷨣Ըң
ֶΣǰǳˣҶָָ
Ʒ̰ȻһЦ˵лл㣬㣬Ҳܷˣд˳ɾͣ
ǣԸң㳤ǲҶ渺ְȻ
ԣƷһ漴ʲôȺЦЦһ㣬Ц
𣿡
㿴Χˣ٣ͨǧˣԸ㣿
Ǳɵˣӽˮˣ
˵ζһЦȻҪԸ⵱ͶЧұһҲǲԣ
ŻƷޱȵҶٴγ̾һôȥˣ㻹һ°
ʲô£üͷ
㵱걻ɱƨĲ㰡̫ţˣֻ֣
ɵƣ
һƷ̲ȻŭСӣ
֪꣬̾ԸˣΪ죬Сӵڣ죬һҪС֪ʱݳ޵飬һϣ
𣿡
Ҷɵ̯̯֣Ҿãڵˣܻ㣡
̵һ˿죬Ҷ棬ô˵İΧ֮£ʵ̫ˣҪȻҲᆪôࡣ
ȥûзκ©ĿͿɳӳְ֪ɣ
Ҫģ̲
еɳӳǷ֪ĿҶһۣһָ·һΪڵĴʦĵȥܴӣ
֪·ּ
ʦһΣʹʦҶ棬СӣòҪƤ֮࣡
ԣҶȴ̾һ˵ǴأǿأкڵĶ֣ǱʹΪ͵Ķ֣
ݣ
Ҷɲǣ궸طɳХźĴʦ
ɢĿֲʦɫһ䣬ͬʱⱬǣиƷɳֵ
ҲһɲǣҶ촽һȵ
䣡
ȥ꣬ͻȻһλʦһλʮ׾롢ԶһλŰ׾ʱͻȻ
ʱһŸ׵͵ر
һɲǣ֪Ʒ۾ͬʱɴ󵽼£˲Ϣд˲˼飡
ף
űŰ׾ĴʦҲ˲Ϣ仯ˡҽ


1600 һ
һɲǼͻɻҽĴʦλʦ۾ɵıͭ廹Ͳһ۾
֪һĻ촽ֹסĶ
ԶףǿֲĻҪٳ˻ҽܵöֲܴﵽһ㣿
ʦһģʵΣ
ԵսɻҪնɱҪһ㹦ˣ潻ֵ״̬£֮նɱĿܡ
ڵҶԶŰ׾ֱӽٻɻң֪ʹ̵ľҲֻ˵
ޱȵĲ֪ڳߣҶһָסˡ
Ҷȴ·ûһ˴֣һ˭㣬㣿ҶĿⶸضʦ
һλΪʦ
ҶĿⶢȥɲǣʦĿʱͱûҲѣòȻ
ǣҶȴͬͬ⣬ָһ꣬ͷ·ָһ㣬һöͺХźʦ
Ѿ߶Ƚ䱸ʦҶɲǣռһζƾʧ
ȻֱʩչŲͨܿˡ
֪һͬʱ˲Ϣͽ˼£ҶֶζԸ
ģҶϵЦݸʢˣָٴδһö꣬˷һ£ֺĳ
Ǵһˣ
ûˣҶһٶȴǸĴʦǣ׷ܿ
ŵĴʦǸŰ׵ľ룬ҲҶɱˡ
ˣڣҶһҪʲôʾ
һɲǣ֪ϵѪɫһɲǼȫȥ
ͬʱҶȥķ򣬿ռһ󲨶ոʩչŲͨܿҶֲһʦʱҶķ򣬳
Сģ
֪һĺ쳹ˡ
ոմжݳʦոճǰĹ⻪ͱ˴Ŀޱȵɫ⣬Уҫ
̣
˫ֺһ˲ٳ֬Ȼֻɺ̵
ҵǣ꣬ûӳ
ΪҶ֮У̺д
ЩĿǣ
һɲǼ䣬ɳӳǷʦԺӣԼײȥһ㣬ֱӱٻޣ
һĻ֪Ŀ
͸ӦʦԺŲƵĶݳλãжôǿ
ңһ꣡
һͽΪߴصʦԺӸٻޣɢ
ôֻнΪܲܿסҶ꣡
ʱҶ棬ȴһ⡣
Ԫ֮ȣеĻҪ
ڴ֮ǰҶֻܹ꣬شڵǿߣ޷ɱ˵Ǻɱɢˣ
Ԫ֮ͬһ꣬ȴһΪߴصʦֱӺɱûɢ
ҪǣҶԪֻ֮꣬Ҷ־ܹһǹǳԷˮһ򵥡
ֻҪҶԶͿǿ꣬һ꣬ҶҲ۳
ı
˲Ϣ䣬ҶͶԼĿǰսһʵİգʱİٱ
οֻ꣬ҶĿֶ֮һ
̼һĿУҶ濴˷˷Ĵʦһںʿ
һ˭
㣿
ǣ
ҶĿ⿴ĸ򣬷ĸĴʦʦʿһĪɧıԡ
һĻֱ
⾫İŵľ籾Ӧ
籾ӦҶ֮󣬸ֿѻ꣬ȻҵҶ½Ĵ½ķȻͻӵһС磡
һ̵С磡
ǸС磬ܻΪĵ
ϣÿһǿߵ󣬶ȵС磬ĳ˵С磬ȴΪ
֮ǰжڵʧж
ǰҶ棬ֻͨصΪôͿѹǿأ
֪ҲҶŵĲ˵
½뿪żʱ䰡
ʵô˳̶ȣ
ⲻѧ
̴ӸзӦһɲǣ̾;ޱȵķ֣Ҷ棬ҶĿ⿴
㣿Ʒ̣
ŻƷ˵仰ʱҶжرɱһʹ󲽿򣬳˻Ʒ̵ķ
̱ҶľٶŻˣЩɲǰ׻ģ˲Ϣǿָ
ֻ֣һˣ
ϣȫϣ
󣡷鱬ħ󣬸
Һ䣡ƷЪ˹ŭ


1601 ˭
ƷһϵĻûʧ֪ͷӦ˹û˶డ
ǸҶһһĭҲ
˸ɱʦʵΪӣԿɼɱ֮գ
ϣһϣ˵ǹѹƷ
֪һŭ𣬷żҶ֮Щʦʦ׷׵λҶĿ⣬Ѿû˻ңֻᡣ
ͬһɲǣ˷ĺʿڷ˵̵ָ£ٶһ
̵࣬һʮ˵ֳ鱬ħľӢСӣѾɲǼ伯ϣ⻪˸鱬ħѾʼ˸ֲޱȵ
״ҶƳƳ죬鱬ħ󼯻ֶȷʵá
Ŀʵ̫ˣ
Ҷ֮ǰ鱬ħ󼯻ٵĶǰ˹ģġ
鱬ħҶࡢҲࡢ󷽵ĺʿѾ̵ʱһһ·󣬴ֳַ
һС֣ȻװһͶǹģʽɢĪϢ
䣡䣡ŭţ̿鱬ħ󡢷ǵһĸҶ棬ͱޱȡ
ʵǿҲ˫ȭѵ֣չֻһˣ
˭˵һˣЩŹֵҶͻ˵
仰̴һæգ˷ԮԮҶ档
ǴʱɳӳǱ׷˵ԮһֻӣҲɲ
ͷһɵʱ̵ɫȴٴβұ䡣
ͼҶһ֣ɳɲǣǡֱ˺˶Ĥ˻쳹
һɽһžŸԴޣͷ·һɽһ͵׹ڵأĺУſԴа˿ţ̽˷һ̡
ѪڣŵСģ¶а״С
һ̣мʮʦֱӱ̽ȥһʿȥ
ľ׽Ӿͷ쳹ĹƵߵĲҽĺѪˮЩ쳡ֲ
ֱ˼
ھͷһԴȴѪڣӭǶʮ鱬ħ鱬ħʸ
һһ䣬Ƕʮ鱬ħ֧鱬ħʸͱͷ˽ȥ
͸ˮ죬Լͷ̽ڵ鱬ħʸڵһʱͱˣͬʱʧӰ١
ͷ棬ûһ˿һĲʣ
û취ͷϹޣ޷ӳȴκһֲķ
ױħʸ̫֮ˡ
֮£֮Ҷ𣬾ͷҪɣûôˡ
߾ͷŰǱ߱ҶųСèһַʽո
СèλһдڵĹߣͷ·һսҹһ㡣
֮󣬴ʦʿƾʧֻҪѪƬ˵ЩʧٵʦǱֲֻһ˲̽˸С
СèĿǰûоͷĺڡ
ͷϹޣĿǰͨڵΪߵȫһҲֺ
СèͲˣȻĿǰھѵڻѪҲ̫ޣϾֻɳͷѡ
ԣСèЩͨΪߣȥܹ˻ģߣСèǸһ̽ȥǾҿˡ
Сèܴߣֻ̣ɱ
ôɱأ
ٶȣ
Сèٶ̫ˣΪڻѪԭ򣬼ϢģӵսϣѹӦ
Щ߷ӦСè˫ƷצͻץңһſԴѣ𣬲ҽϡ
ϾצѪСèɲǰ׺ȵģ
Ҷͷһͽ˷ߵγĴңҲǴҶѡ
ʱܹɵģҲ˶ѡ
ĴɱǱҶųǧ̣
겨ɢɲǣҶѾгɾһǧʿһĿͻȻһá
һɲǣһǧϵĺʿеķ͵һת򣬶ɿ
һǧ֧ʸǵصĸ˶ϷٶոձСèεʦ
Щʦǵغķʸһ
ǲףӦѾĺʿôῪʼǣ
һɲǣʦеĴ룬ڷĸ£˽̼
Ҳɵˣ
֪ȴŭڸʲôΪʲôǣ
һͷˮĿһǧʿŭ̾;ޱȵķ֣ԽԽѾе׼Ѿʦ
ģͳǧˣ
̶̵ʱ䣬ǧޱȵѾɱɱʦ߰ٶˣ
֪һǧʦѾȫûˣ
İʦҲѾͷСèɵһϡ
мλɱޱ׺ĴʦʱѾ·ħһ㣬תɱǵͬţ
⡭⡭⡭ɵˣʵڲ֪ô
֪ļʶȴǲæȵ֣϶оͨͨĸڸ
죬ҳ
֪ʱҶȴͬһʱ𣬡ðɣڣǴЩɫӦòŵˣ
˭Ц䣬Ҷգʵķ֪ͻƷ̳ȥ


1602 
˭ŷ·ɱһԼҶ棬ͫһĺˡ
ס
̴ٵ̺֮ԥתӡ
Щٳִ£ɽڣûͶˡ
ǧ֮ӣãûƷðգ⾰ҿҶĶ֣Ǽ֪ҲסҶ档
ڣѾûʱ俼ҶΪʲô˱̬ڣһ
̡סֳڣУӵĻ̫࣬ƾճ֡
ǿߣĵ𣿡ҶЦ
Ʒû˵ֻǼˡ
Ҷǣĸ̫࣬ûһӵϣΧҶ棬һֱߣһ̫࣬ϲϲûκαӭҶ棬Ѿ˲Ϣͱǧâ
ǧâըֵɲǣѾҶĻˣһص̫࣬Ҷ֮£Ҳֵˡ
ڵһ̫౻ɱʱ򣬵ڶ̫ȻӭŻ档
ⲻǽɱ
Ҷ˲ϢЩ̫ˣʿ
ңЩ̫ΪҶ֮ǰֳĿֲսʱѹû㹥Ҷ棬Ҫÿ˵ҶٶȣΪǵȡʱ䡣
ʿҲҶºȻ
ҶϬÿһˣܹΪϢʱ䣬ĸȡʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
ϳ
ڵһʱߣ֪ķӦҲޱȣתߡ
˵ʵȻŽصΪԽҶǻ꣬ȴûһ˿һİգ
ԣӵޱȵĸɴ࣡
ߵʱһɤӳˣжжٳǾͲˡ
µսѾҶⷽسˡ
Сèͷ·һ㣬嵽ҳһţûнǿ¡
ǧ̣ʩչٻͨţ˲һþЩٻͨƵĺʿʦʦ
ʱ֪ߵģǻѵĺʿʦǣ˲Ϣţĵֿˡ
˲Ϣ䣬սͱһ浹Ĵɱ
ڱĸʿϢʱ̵ӰѾʧС
ûߣǳĳֿǣɳӳϷһƬ֮С
ͬʱʮĿޱȵѪɫľѶʹɳӳϷ
ɳӳϲйڣոӻйڵ̣ڵһʱŭ
ػ󷨣ȫϣ
и֣ȫλȫ

ͬʱ̴һľѶЩѶúܼ򵥣ڰӣһ֧ʮɵľӢСӣͻϵϲйڡ
ֱҲ޷ֱָӣյľѶǾͻÿʱϹ
֮⣬ɳӳǵѲҲڰڸϹˡ
ʱ֮פڳһ֧ʮİսţͻῪɳӳǡ
ҪǣɳӳϺӺľģֳΪɳӣɳӳеϲйϺӺ֮
޽ļΪݣҲǿ
ػȫǹƥģ֮£ܻƣǽ۷ߣҪʮȫܺơ
˵ϲйǷǿĵط
ɳӳǵµĻҪǿ
ûгûӳ⣬ӻϲйԭ
ȻӳɳӳǣոյֵɳӳǣͻϺӺˣɲɵӡ
ɳӳǣĴǳĴпʧȥ̫֮λ
ҲһޱҪԭ
§һԽûֵѲʹΣϲйĶˡ
ôˣʲôˣγʵ
ԸնɱҶ淴Է˵飬ǲ˵ģϺӴ̿ͣѲʹ˻Ǽʱ֡
һ⻰Ҳʣתˮ󣬼ȻŪĽû
ȴһĽţϲйҪڵϣһһ鶣
תһȦȷϲйػѾȫԱҲѾȫλһ
ѲפûУûϵǶˣصڣ׷ǹԮĽȡ
ҪҶ淽ɵĶԸ˵龰̫ˡ
ϲй޷׵ĸеȫ
ֻʮı£ܾİȫб֤ܰġ
غүѲһӪѾϵй⻤֣ӪҲڷٸϹɡ
ɳӳʮפѾʼᣬԤưʱڻᵽǷϢǵȷӪһ֮еִǹ˵
ǹô˵һ
ˮ
̲ǹݲ裬ͶһţʵͬʱҲѹ
үʲôˣûһͬȥΧɱҶǹʵ벻ʲô»úүʧ̬
㲻ҪʣڣȥйţһӪͲһӪǣҪңϻʱ̱ս
һ£ֵ⣬ɼ˳ȥȥһ£ϹŲΣٿǸҶ棬ȥˣ
ǣū
Ҳǹʱһͻأ𣬡ȥˣҾ
˲Ϣ¶ͬһģ̫ˣǸҶ


ҹЪ˹ţˣ
ҾⶼûҶ̾Ϣ·һ㣬̱


1603 ̱
Ҿⶼû㻹ǡ
ҶǱĵɲǣ̲ûͨӦתļת
Ŵſڴȥ
˵ʵƾӦ˵Щû׻죬гǡ
Ӧǣ𣿡Ŵſڵ̣ҶèϷһϷ
Ҳͬһɲǣ̴ܹȥĴſڣͻȻͱһ⡣
ǵɢһĵϢ⻹δ壬ңңɢĽ͸Ѫ档
ʶľһһתۣٴӶݡ
ò˵̵ķӦܿ죬ķӦȴʮֹ
һ̾Ϳһ龰
һſ񱼣ȴûԴ
ʶģ̾͵ͷһۣûԴ徱ǻеѪſģͬһɲǣ壬룬Ѫһء
żɽ飬һָܷӳƷ鱦οΪĽ֣Ҷ涼
ûд߶κνûõǴ߶׵Ľһʮնɱ
Ļ˵࣡
̵ѳʱ̵ԴҲѳ롣
Ҷ֮ǰϹŲΧ֮ʱҶ涼û֣ڣȴֱˡ
Ϊ԰ڣȷٷֵַնɱ̡
ʵϣҶϹŲ￴̵ʱҶѾɱ̣
ܸʲôĴۣҶһҪɵ̡
ԭܼ򵥣һ֪̫ˣ֪½ȥ½֪Ҷ½
һｫϢɢôҶ¾ͻΪ¹С
ʱ򣬽ǿ߲ۣǿ߶µ׷ɱҶ档
һС硢زС硢С磬Եǿߵ̫ˡ
Ѿǽˣǿ½𵰵ĸˡ
һɲǣҶѾΪλƵĶԸҶ棬Ǹǹر֪ôϳ
ȻҪҶ棬õҶ汳硣
һ㣬̱
ԣϲйɲǣҶûκεĆ£ֱӶɱ֣
ͻأ֮£֣ϲܳκ⡣
£̱նɱһֱȻ
Ҷȴģȴ̵ꡣ
̴ˣǳ֪½뵱ǸƲҶҿյͨԴƹ֮
ҪǣȻǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ԣնɱ̻УҶ滹Ҫѻ̵꣬ûнй½˵ȥ
еĻЩ鷳Ҫһ
һɲǣҶĿɿڴ鷢ˡ
̵꣬ոմԴжݳɲǣȻ͵Žˣ
Ҷ۾͵صɴ
ⲻѧ
Ľͣһ˺Ҷ֮ǰ⽻Ҫִ磬Բ̵ꡣ
ҶҲóȷʵ֡
ڣ̵꣬ȴֱӱˣ
Ҫңһ˺ĽûжãҶõֻ򵥵Ľ
Ҫһ̫ˣڵΪ꣬Ȼһͨ񾳳ڵ߻Ҫ
Ǳ£ˣʵ̫ˣ
˵ţ黹һۣһΣõĶ֣ͲҪҳˣ
˵ʵ̵ɢʱ겨ȷʵ
ЩŹ֣ѾɢˣĿǰҲֻˡ
ЩҪĻͽˣҪһʱ䣡Ҷ
һòٳ˹
ҶĿ⿴˷·ɵһǸǹһãħ˧ݳѾǹС
ͬһɲǣҶ潫̵Ĵָ㵽Уһɨüͷ
Ҷ̵ĴָУȻûҵɳӳϹŲĿơ
֮ǰϹŲɱɳӳǵϹŲʱҪؿϲܡ
ҶֻҵɳӳǵϹŲĿƣ취
ûУ˵ɳӳǵϹŲ˭ҶĿ⿴˱ܵǹ
ؿĴżܣֶ߶µͳһƣڡС
ǹóƣҶĿɷڣ챻֣ǹйء
Ҷ濴Ǻ¡
̵һһĺô
ùɳӳϹŲĿƵʱҶǹѻʱͻȻ䣬Ժھһޱȵ
Ҷȴǵú
ƿŵʱ򣬾ͿĽεͷȥ
ҶĿһһס֣


1604 նݳ
һɲǣθоԸڹŹһȦһֻѾ˹Źأһָˡ
һɲǣֱһֽǺס֡ĸĳ嶯
д־壬ûˣ޷ݵġ
һϽɫĿֲ⵱ͷµʱˡ
صΪôѲʹĸλĸּ࣬˾صǿ߶Թ
ǣϽɫĽĿֲ⣬ȴԴһ˲˿հףʱֻһ뷨ˣ
罬Ǳ˽߬סһ㣬ţȴޱȵļ١
ǽ⼰ͷƤɲǣ͵һ£ʪˣ
ⲻˣ
Ĵ־壬ֻҲǺõˡ
ֱסֳ֣֡ɢȥ˺üϢβŻعһع˾Ǵˮ̳һ㡣
Ӵſ̤Ҷ棬ͷ͵һ𣬡ҶҶѲʹ
Ѳ˾Ѳһ·ѲʹҶʵ
·֪ԼҶƽε̬ȴҪ
̡
ûϵûκιϵͽֺҶѣѲ˾ˣ֪ġ˵Ѿˡ
ʱκ޲Ʋ֮йϵһ·ѲʹȻʱѾףҪԸ˭ˡ
Ҫ֪ҪѲ˾ֵ֣Ѳ˾ֵܣƽʹİͽҶ档
εĻҶͷٴһ
סǰӦǵѲ˾ڶŵĽѶŲ
ͨ£ֶŵĽѶŲֻѲʹϼ˲ܷҶ淽Žͣԭ
Ӱ㿴ҶǸһ˿ζЦݣһӸΡ
ǷϹŲʱʦʦɱʱҶ¼µӰ
ӹһۣξֱһ㣬æĽӸҶ档
ûʲôûֱţεһѾĸƵġ
û£Ƿϵ飬˵ûϵûϵҶЦ
ԣεһֱӿԵγˮˡ
·֮⣬ѲʹѲ˸ϵ
һɲǣڰôôడ
м£ҪѲʹҰһ£˵ţҶ߽˴ɣ
ߵĳɱԽԽңȴô岻һ鱦סҪ
ҶѲʹҪҰʲô£ֱӷԸǡϾͰԸλá
ûϾܹϵϺӺˣҶʵ
Ув٣ǼһҪҲûȫοһһ̵ʬ˵
֪ͨǣɳӳȺףפǴңϹɳӳǡҶ̵ָʬ壬ΪǲţʬΪ֤
ãͰ죡˼һ£ͷ߾ͷ˼Ѷ
֮ԺϣΪκҶ֮ǰûκּۻ۵ıǮ
ҶҪʱҪһɡ
ڣ˵Ӱ仰塣
ǰֻǸѲϴǧͷʹҶ棬һЦŷ֣Ҷ澹Ȼ˵Ŀֲ
ףҪסһСҪıˡ
һ·ѲʹɳӳǻжҶʵ
ɳӳǵģһǧˣܶñ¶ģһǧˣǺ֡δ
Ǻãǣ̵ʱڿɳӳϹŲ󡣡Ҷ潻
£ҲޱȵĹɣ¾ͷ˷Ѷ´
֮ڣܹ׿ɳӳϹŲ󣬾ɳӳĿǰս״̬ϺӺǾԲҶѲ˾ֵġ˵
ܺã
Ҷ˵ͷһҪһ飬飬ܹ
ңһ㣬뷽跨ⳡ¼У㱣
Ҷ˷Ըһλ˳ƺ
κɳӳǳô飬Ѳʹǵͷͷ»Ҫ
һ㱻ߵħؽЧصĻնпܵģͿĽˡ
۴һ棬ŽӰҶ棬µ򣬶һӰ
ϺӺү˭Ը⣿
ܼ򵥣ӽҪˡҲԸ⿴Ǽ
֪ģɽֻҪһЩؼʱ̣͵͵й¶һҪ鱨ϺӺĵˣߴмһ¡
ҵ˥Ǿˡ
Ҷεԭ
ڷ̵ʵ֮Ҷ濼ǹܶࡣ
̱֮⣬̵׵ǹҶ渴Ŀԣܾųϡ
Ҫնݳ
ɱ𿴽һΪΪܵƶȣǾλֻܳΪ
Щ̲Ѿ֮ˡ
֮Ǹʲôأ
½ÿ򣬾൱ڴܵ۹һС
ϣܵ۹һݣ˾Ÿʮʮ
½½أҲϴܵ۹һݣǱȽС֡
Ȼǽ½ĺϣǿɾʹˡ
Ѿ֮أǾ½ĽˣѾһȻˡ
˵ٹ֮㶯õԸҶ棬ҲҶ޾鷳
ԣҪԸ
Ҷһ֮ҪԸһӵ֮صĺǻϲܡ
ҶԸˣĵˣȴһԸˡ
Ȼ˵ĿǰϺӺսУƣֻҪܹ԰һ£սƽͻб
ƿŴܵ۹ڹѲ˾Ѳ·ѲʹΣǰϺӺѡ
ҲҶĿǰܹúõΨһѡ
ϣγһ¡
£Ҷ˵ɣ򵥡
ɵԼ鱨ϵͳڴѲ˾Ҳǧٷ
ңΪ뷽ĺԭѲ˾ӰҲޣпɲĵط
ӦÿǣҪʱ䣬ңʱĳ޷֤Ҳһ꣬Ҳ꣬Ҳ߰ꡣδӦ
ʱνʮ֮ڰɣϾôһǣҪڿʼҪʼͷöԹ˲ϾӦÿɣ
˵ţҶбһۣµѲԣӦǰɣµѲԣÿһʱ䣬ִɱһλԣӦò°ɣ
ǣ
Ѿͷ󺹣֣ĸڣҶǰʵСơ
δ鱨ӺҶ棬ѾֱҪôɱֶˡ
ǾûඣҶһָ
û⣡˵ֵʱѲʹһ
״Ҷ¶һ˿ŹֵЦݣѲʹ㲻Ϊô̸һ̸¾ܱܶסС˰ɣ
տƾ
ε͵һϣȻҧҶҪôҪ¶ģǽһЩѱ
ԼΪʣ
ѲʹҶѲ˾ˣֹҼһĶϷֶΣͱˣ룬Ӧ֪˵ʲô˼Ҷ˵
һҪʵǿԺܺõĺҲˡ
ûиҺʸڣĳ⣬ȥĻᣡ֪̼ȻԹıѲʹ˳ָɵ㣬Ҳˡ
ſɣҪ߲һСֶΣûѡ񣡡Ҷ˵
ԣεĿЦ


1605 
㵽ҵʲôֽţ졢·ˮ̳ʹȥΣҶʵ
Ҷı£ֻҶڲҶſꡣ
ȥҶûѶξˣʵȻ
ҪΪҲѲ˾֪Ѳ˾˵磬ǶԴˡ
Ѳ˾ˣһȷʵԷԼĵˣôԻ֣顣
ţǸҾܾҶ棬Ѿˡ
ңˣҶֻҪйʦɱһ££Ҳֻһ仰ѲʹˣҲҪ壡
ȫºüٿڣ군
ԣûѡֻܷſ꣡
֮˷ĵķſ꣬ΪȷҶֽܹޡ
ԭܼ򵥣ּѲʹ֮ǰΪ֮ѻ֮꣬жռԼӳֵػ
ռǿǵǿߡ
ţҲΪ˻ηſԼꡣ
ǣҶֶȴǹĳϣȻƹռػдֽš
ʱοҶ棬ʣͷȴһĪη壡
Īη壬һֲõԤС
ôˣˣ
㲻õģҲʲôֶΣֻΪúõΪҰµı֤ѣ
úΪҰ£ƣȻ߶²ߣҶЦ
αҶ棬ƹռػڶֽš
ҶЦЦĿ⣬ȴһֱĸоЩηĵͷ
ȻҶʩչǣ飬ҪʱҶǲƵġ
ҪʱϾͻᷢӳã
ˣڣ̵ʱϺӺ֪ɳӳǵı仯ЭԮϵǰռɳӳǣһɳӳǵפţԲֶΣҶ˵
֪ôǡһ棬οЦôȥ
ҪЩ˳ǡ
޷һ뿪

Ϣ֮ҶʩչݣΣϢĳɳӳϲй
ûסҪһѷĳ˽ȥϲй
ݣסɳӳŲ󡣡Īνôһ䣬Ҷʧˡ
ڣλ֪ôӿػΧصϲйġ
ҶٴγֵʱѾɳӳϹŲ󸽽ˡ
սѾͣЪˣѲ˾Ѳ·ѲʹڷɿĸʼϹŲ
ҶҵѾ˵Ʋеǧ̡СèͷԼħ˧ûм뿪ɳӳǡ
ɳӳǵϹŲŲƣѾҶҶ뿪ֻǼ顣
ڣҶ뿪ʱΪһҪ»ûꡣ
֮ǰ̴ŴǰԸҶ棬ȫʦʦʦ
˵һ⣬ɳӳǵסֹϵܺã֮ǰҶҲ֤ʵ顣
ܹϮȡϺӺľɳӳǣɳӳǵסźܴĹϵ
Ȼסֹϵ˺ãм¾ҪֵĻˡ
̣᲻й½Ĵڣλɳӳǵķסأ
ֿԲ̫Ϊˣ̰ģ̰ȴġ
½ôõĵط̲򲻵ѣǲԸ˷ģһɵĿܡ
УҶͲǴڡ
һ±ҶԵѣ
֮⣬Ҷնɱ̣ɵһλʦϰλʦǧλʦ̣ϵݣǴܵ۹ƷƷ
ͱ˴¨ӣ³ҲܹŪȥġ
νǣһȫô飬Ʒ̱ҪԸҶ档
ҶǰЩˣҪȫһѻ
ǰ׼ҶҪԴ
ţҶϸĿһȦѾ죬ȥɳӳһˡ
ҶٴζصףɳӳµʱɳӳӺĹǻʹһ⻪Ľŵıһźһҳ롢ͷһҲݵһӰͻȻ䶯һ¡
ҳʼ£һüë˼£ֿ¶һɷӡ
û뵽ʱ䣬ҵĵ壬Ȼôһʦͨѡˡ
УëһҳĹһӿҳ˲Ϣ䱻ߣëҲ޼롣
Ҳ¶ݡ
ˣȻǡոձҶնɱ̣


1606 
˭նɱҵĵ壿ոǱѹ̣Ǳ޵Ǹؾռ䣬Ļʹ
ֵɲǣոѵ̣ʹؿڳһѪɫķ·Ѫһ׹ӣȻ͵顣
Ѫɢͬʱ겨ͬʱעѪ֮С

·һ㣬̵ĵУѪ˸˽ϢѪĿʱĪһһ΢겨ͻأĳѪ֮С
һ죬̾ͽںǵ΢겨Ѫ̽˿С
ڴͬʱΪѪĶ˻ʹ̫̫˹
̧̽һͷЩ̫ˮ롣
ͷȴһ˿ʣǰָӴսôͻȻ
ںǵ΢겨̣ڴʱȴޱȵ
Ȼ
ôܱ˿ֲ
Ȼ쵰նɱҵĵ

طǵ䳹ѵںϵʱһһľУ̵飬Ѿƽ˳
ƽ˳ĿУȴӿȵŭ
û뵽СӾȻɳ˿죬ҿСӾΣҲ벻ûһŰɡ
Ҳ벻ͨɣ
̴ʦȡġ
Ϊɽһͣ»˾Ͽ֮󣬾͸һŸ֮
Ϊʶ֮ߣƽ֮ܿģ͸ͨԼѡҪһ֡
֮ͨУ֣ΪսǿΪصĹǣ½һΣʧ
Ϊԭ̵챾Դģꡢ쾫Ѫ֮в̶ͬȵġ
£պҪΪͻƵֱ֮ѣûдﲹģϾԵˡ
˵̣ǵǿ߶ϡʦҲΪ
żҵһֱԼöѹ͸̡
£ǰ˼룬̾͹ϵķսǿĹѡ˼θڵ
Ϊʲô˵θأ
һ½֮٣һʵ̶ޱȵĿ־塣
ӻʱҼκİˣûǧѹҳš
֮ȴǰ壬߿л壬ȻõһЩΣյ顣
ֻһȴɻš
ң壬ÿһ嶼Զ۷壬Ϳ൱ͬʱʱ򣬳ɾҲΪɹۡ
ؼǣ壬Ǳ
żɱֻҪһţǾˡ
ԥģѡھָɹ
ƽֻһߣ嶼ֻܵطԳ˯ķʽǱޡ
ƣֻߵĵһŻ
ߵĵ屻ɱһԶ
һߵЩһֱǼؾ·ġ
ΪϣҪȱҶɱǸǿ࣬Ϊﵽأ
ңֿʱͻеطѪһߵĵ
Ѫ֮󣬾ͻõǸǰļ䡣
ʱ򣬾֪ôһ֣û뵽һô죡
ں˵̣ܿͱòһˡ
гֵЩʲô
ɳӳǣԲʧ
ɳӳǣŵ㣬ɽӰһҪޱȵĲá
Щ꣬ˣʵֻеԴѣĿģȴ
ǿҲֻһܵ۹֮£촷ۣȴһ
һԸܵ۹
Щ꣬ӰȨȨſɽһ棬ͽ
ศ֮£˽֮ɾ͡
ȻΪĳɵľȨС
ңҪʲôӰشľҪΪ
Ϊ׵ǿӰ
ߣֻҪһ⣬ĿǰһУͻḶ
ԣһ֮̾ͷ֣ڵĴ󻼣Ҷ棬ʧ״̬ɳӳǡ
Ҷ½˭ҲòߣֻҪʱ䣬ͻ뾡һа취õ½
ֻ˻ˣ֪ܹƿصСֵ
̣ǡþ˻ܳһʱˡ
ڵĵһҪȶʧصɳӳǣ̶ս
Ϣ֮󣬻˧̣ټ˼λľسɳӳǵ˧´ʮ֮ࡣ
̱ˣҲһۣŴ֣ɳӳǣ
ϧһдۣ¾Ǳ˸ɣֻ۽壬֮ڣҪɳӳڡ̤۵ʱ̶Ŵ۵ϰͽ˵
һɲǣϰǿ߶һۣһڽɫѪ͵һ£ʧʣ

ɳӳǣһڻԻ͵ĴţȻսʱ䣬ңңмߴǰϵƽ
ʮԴ͹ĴʦֱɳӳǷķʱʱһˮɫɫ⣬Щս˵ƽյơ
Ҿѹҽӽ
һӽǱɱ
һЩƽգƷٵĺתʱһߴĿ⣬ͱޱȡ
һĿͷʱ޲Լ֤Լϡ
һε֮һϰյ𣬻˷֮֮ڡ
㱼䣬ڴׯ˼֡
Σȴһһ
սʱͻΪս֮صΨһƽĥƤ벻ڣʱȴһߵ
սĵطͽͻɰٱǧ
ԣķ£ܻսĵط
һʸݳɹͷĴʦǣʱЦеģȻǸӦǺ֮
ǵĹٲ˵ģʱ򣬸ʹһǺôġ
ɣ´ڣɳӳǷסȴݺݵĸ˸ոӻ֪һơ
ֱӽһҪ˦һ롣
һ˾ɱһλʦλʦǧλʦػǱ˿ꣿ
ıɱ꣬һѶͻȻͷɽС
һۣɫǴ䣬ٴκݺݵ˦֪һƣŭ㾹Ȼӡ
䣬ľ˫ĿУͻȻͱһȦĿĻ⡣
ɲǼ䣬ɫٴδ䣬ȵʲôˣҹ


1607 컯
Щ飬ܹ
ҶȻҪܹϵܻ֪½ܵȻҪһɳӳˡ
Ȼһס֣ǹɱȥնɱȻҶԸԼҵûʵɣҲûʲô
ԣҶҪĵ֣٣κ֤ݡ
Ͼ֮ǰҶѾɵӰ죬뵽ˡ
ԣҶʩչϢĶɳӳǷµġ
Ҷ뷨ĵǱȥҶЮ鱦ֵ֮ɽ͵Ϯ֮£ɳӳǷµסصΪɡ
ûһ֣ǧ̣ٸԴ츳ͨħ˧Ҳ̵ܹʱնɱס˳նɱЩĿڡ
ԭҶ뷨ŸߴųɾŵĳɹʣҶǱص׵ʱ򣬳ˡ
ңĻܳݡ
ɳӳǷĵصףҲһЩֶݷ󷨲ãм
Щ󷨲ãȴκβҶݣҶʩչݣ֮֮Ҷ΢΢һ͸ص׸Ӧһ·ڵΣ˳ȷסλá
Ҷ΢ɲǣĵصףƺͻȻһĪˣҶδ
һɲǣ·̫һҵĻɫ⻪ֱӴӵ͸£Ҷڵλú֮ڣյ˺֣
еĶݷӰҲյ˺֡
ʱ˶ӦֻÿܹҶڡ
ͻ״Ҷͷһ
ΣҶδʶģҶһƬֵĵ
߶ݷʱҶٴδһ
һֻճϵĳһ㣬̶֮һ㣬ԭޱȵĶݷƬ£Ȼ˹١
ֲǣҶÿƶһСξ룬Ǵӵ⣬ͻӦƶʼսҶģ
Ҷͷ󺧣ʲôͨţ
ͬʱҶͷһ΢иѾ˵صףҶڵķ
ƶơֽݷӰҲȫֳֻҪ˸ϵҶһӡ
ͬʱԪ鰢ɻظ֣컯⣬ô컯
˵ʲôҶŭ
һɲǼ䣬ҶѾַ깥а׵Ĺֱڳһ󶴡
һַ޷Ԫ鰢е컯˿Ҷ涯˲Ϣڳһʮ׷ԲĿռ䡣
ҶվռģǰһҶŲһޱȵļѣ̲Ҫ̲
ȫʢʱڣƴССĽƣ練ƶĵ
أ
ҵ̫ã㽫Ʒ鱦ƷףҾܹ˼Զ
Ҷֱ
Դ̫ıԴȻó󼱴ޱȵ
ͬʱҶ͹һƱԴ
һӰɢ˿ȥ
ɢɲǣһֱҶͷ컯ͻȻôһ¡
סҶĻⶸطɢ컯סص㣬ҲתƵҶһӰ
컯һҶƿҶϵѹʱ̶ָоʱɢȥ˴롣
Ҷɴ⣬һʱԶ
ηӣҴޣסŭһɲ쳹
͵͵Ǳص飬ϽϺӺƫԶ֮أҲδй
ŭ䣬ס֣л䣬ʱͽҶӰĸɸɾ
߶Ȼȫ㻯Уһ㣬Ǳýѿ֮ˣȴһ㶼żЦ
ҶӰеһɲǣסҶ컯⣬¾ΪһһΣ׷Ҷߵķ
һݵĿֲоҶı
Ԫ鰢죬뿪صף
컯׷ˣ죬ֱݳصף˵괫Ҷ鸮мġ
ǰʾɲǣҶ͵ظı䷽򣬱ֱĴӵصֱݶϣҶţǾԲẦġ
ʮףףףһף
Ҷ͵ضݳ˵棬Ҳһɲǣǵ컯Ҷ滹δݳ°ϡ
ʱجһ̶ĸоٴγ֣


1608 
ҶĹǣ̶оģֻڵص׵°Ѿݳϰȴûһ˿һָо
ʱҶȴûйʱ俼ֲ죬ѾݳҶ棬һͳ档
ʱҶͷһɣ̤ʵصĸоҶһš
Ϊʲôֲ죬ӦҶ淽ڵص׶СĴص׵ĳֽƣ컯⡣
ȴûֽơ
ˣҶľ裬Ѿ˲Ϣ˼¡
̶̵ʱڣҶѾεĸԼԺʱһҪССġ
ǽ죬Ҷˡ
ҶؿڵڴʱҲ΢΢һ£ҶС
ҲʹʱҶȻһݣƺͬʱעţҶ̧ͷһЩɵۡ
ݳĵص㣬ЩǡɳӳǷµǰ㳡ϡ
ʱмʮλʦУһ־ӸµĿ⣬Ҷ档
ĿУɻϷʣ˱ģһĮĿ⣬ǿ˵Ŀ⡣
ңյʦʦڲϵš
ܿģҶͷ֣ذΧˣ
аħ󿪷֮ţ£ܴ̤ǣȻĴӵصǱ룡
˵Ҫʲôӵص׷סҶ汻ΧҲŶ֣ŭ߳
Ȼ֣ΧˣҶҲͲмˡ
ɳӳǷסɣҶĿ⿴ͷһġ
ʲô
Ȼɱඣ
Ҷһ󣬾Щָ̿ҶЦƾ㣿
ôţģҲ񣿡ҶʱǲˣȻԷΧˣûһսǲܵˡ
һͨص飬ȻҪɱ𣿹ǱһЦ
ɳӳǷסЦȴͻȻġݴˡ
Ҫݴϵ̫ˡ
ͷһüͷɵһ壬
ס֣ǸɵҡǵʦԺӡٴʦǧʦǸͽҶҶ棡
֪żܿĿİ˵仰һҶĿ⣬Ѿò˼飡
ɲأһٴʦһǧʦѾɳӳǷһˡ
桭飡
ոɻ˰ӦסһŽ֪߷ŭһɺԣ˴ȴȽ
סִˣģ¡
ȥΣ˵ס͹ϵһ֣˲Ϣ˳ж֪°ͣȥ
˵ʵΪյ˽Ѷ֪˵飬ǲŵġ
ʵȴǣ˵ġ
ǣǰһ˿ֲô֪نȥ£мҹҶ棿
λ汾˿ڳԵĿͽ£ʰʱͺһ
ס֮һ֮£ʱʦʦ׷׳ʰҶ棬סǰ¶
˵ҶͨڵΪʦڵΪͲˣסĿ⣬ȴǿһʦ
ۣıˡգµһ۷Ĵʦ⻹Ϊ˱
½סַּΪ۵Ĵʦ֮΢𣬻Ҷ档
аħǰ־ܣ
ҲڴʱҶĿͻһסɳӳǷ£Ŀǰе֮ˣϵ£ʦµ̴ӣһһǧİʮһ˰ɣ
סĿһô֪ģ
˵ʵҶ汨֣ס֣Ҳ˽⣬ʱһ£˵
ǣҶˣôǷ˵˽ģ
ô֪ģ㲻ùܣҪǣֻҪȷˣҾͿԶˣ
Ҷǣظһ˿ޱɱ⣬غȵ£һܷඣ
Ҷ⼸ʮϢĹ򣬾ڵȴȷźö֡
֣
ɫ⣬ͬһɲǴҶڷɳ˸
ͬһɲǣöɢſϢ꣬һǰһķֱ˳ĴʦԶס
Ͳ·ˡ
û˵꣬ס۾͵صɴ󣬾֪ͬʦҶһɻҽľֱһ㣬ֱһģһ
ķӦԱˡ
д˼ͬʱ꣬طһޱȵ˻
˻Уд˿־壡


1609 ͻ
סʱʦ۱Ҷһǻģ֪֮ǰʦɱģһޣ
۾ɵӶ͹ˣд𾪡п־壡
סصΪɵǿĴʦ۲ѣһоɱû⣬зҲУУԸɵۡ
ǣҶ㣬һǿȥ򵥵Ļ꣬ͽʦֱӻ˻ҽ
˵ǽʦ۰ԶʮʦʦͿʼɿĽ
һλõԽһĴʦİӻɽ̼
˵ܣסûмÿһλܹһод˵ܵÿһǵеһֶΣ
ҶͨصӵѾûʱ˼ˡ
ڣֻ֪һ¡
ҶǼֲ̫꣬ˣӲӲ
Ҫһ㻺ռ䣡
֮࣬סĺˣǣ˵ʱޱȵĿ־һĻͳˡ
ҶһɲǼֳӰӰɳɲǣͷ˷ʦʦǡ
Ӱͻɽ绢Ⱥһ㣬ȺУչһ浹ɱ
ͷѸϻһ֣ͽʦײķ飬ǳоŸԴĹޣֵɲǣ͵˾ڣڴ
һɢϢŮߣֵ²ûɢİޱȵϢȴɵľս
겨Ȼصǿ߶Ҫǿϲ٣ȼһЩ˵겨
ǧ̵ֶΣһϽɫĽ⣬һ絶ʹֱѪ
һٶˣ
ǵϽɫĽ⣬һϰʦʮʦǱնв㣬նɱ
նȥԴһ롢һأһ༫ңֵǣµЩʦȻӦ죬ڽ⼰֮ǰ׷״߶ԸƷ׵
ǣƽЩʦǿǿӲӲƷףʱǵǰȴֽһ׵˺顣
˲Ϣ䣬ϰٵͰЩʬ嵱г𣬶ǵϽɫĽ⣬ֶر𣬾ʦʦ
һĻʹ絶ָӵɲǣȴĵѵһĻ
ǿһǣһڱɱֻ֮ҪתͿԽ壡
ԣʦսʱηֻҪܹӻص£Ͱȫˡ
ÿһڣһػЩսתػ֮ӳ֣Ȼתʥ塣
ԣЩʦնɱ֮󣬰֮࣬׷׳˷ڵĻػ컯ӳ֣ʧȥ߶һʱ䣬ǿǵꡣ
ǣЩɱʦʦػʱͻȻһѪɫ⻪
Ѫɫ⻪·һֲޱȵѪɫһ㣬һŷػ꣬ʱȴıҶħ˧ƿصսѪ졣
ЩĴ߶Լ꣬Ҳ޷ǿֲһ˿һ
ס֣
ס֣ǣ
ס֣ȡ
һҽţɽսѪ죬սѪ̺ĿֲһʣͻսѪ졣
˵Сèͷ桢ĳֻ֣ǴɱķôսѪֵɲǣʹնɱˡ
סľ֣ʱѾ޷ˡ
ǻͷޡޱȿֲǧЩ˻˵ǵϽɫĽ⡢ΪߴصǸѪħӰʱסѾˣ
֪ⳡս£Ѿûκʤ㣡
Ȼ˶࣬ǣҶֶΣǵϽɫĽĿֲԣɱˣֻʱ⣡
ŷٺҶ꣬סŭһһɫޱĳɫȶƾո֡
ȳֵɲǣҶĿͲɵһƷ
ǳɫȣһƷңɢһĪϢ

ȫ
쳷
ŭУ͵ؽеǰѳɫΣÿһλӶһɢſֲɳķ֮ӭҶꡣ
飡
ĽɫΣһ֮£ı
飬ȴûκɣøӽˣԭܼ򵥣Ҷ꣬Ȼûб䱬ֱд˹
£˵ס·һеĳɫһ˲߰˴Ρ
һΣҶ꣬һһŻ⡣
һ
еĳɫûͣɿĻţһͬķͼԮЩҶһ׷ɱʦʦǣ
һɲǣɵˡ
ӳ棬СèƳһۣһŤˡ
ٶ̫첻в
ھͷ棬򵥣һԴһ̽ͽӳȥͷŰ
֮Ż⽹ζɢͷȴ׽ļζ
ǵ⡣
ӣ
ֱӰ
ɫȳ𣬵̫ɢˣƷҶҪһΡ
Ҷż𣬶ϴĹ棬ֱӱˡ
·𴩹һ㴩׷ɱЩʦʦ
վһã
ʦʮʦһǱϾҶߵ̫ˡ
ʱڸɵ߰ٶˣѾܲˡ
һ߳ޱȵĵֿŲҶ棬һ߷ɿĺš
ֻҪܹڣ˵
ֻҪڣǿߣҲ£
ķ£ɲģ
ҴĴ˶ڣסڴߴţԼҲڲ
ڲҶһļɵġ
ڣҶľԽڵϢͻĸ޼ɵԪ鰢Ҳý
һ㣬ҶԸӦõ
룬ҶŤͷ飬ȵɱȥһ
һ㣬Ҷţʵ
һһǽ̻Ի͡ƲֿһϵҶ棬Ȼ󣬽һӰҶ˴Ĵָ
֣ϲ
һɲǣǧɳ·뷢һ㣬ĺ˸ո˽ŵסһ˵ȣ
ǣո˽סϵĻѾɢһɶޱȵš
ʩ죬ˣ
˵ţüͷرһĨϢ֮⣬üͻ
һĨҶɫ⣬رһĹĻǰ
컯⣡


1610 ǧ̵ĺ
꣡
̳Ľ⣬ǵ㱡ĲܱĹĻɲǣͳͳ˸飬ǲ㱡ҶµĹĻȴһ˿ûС
ҶʱҲǳԾޱȣΪ컯⣬ػ󷨼ġ
Ҷȴû뵽ɳӳǷµסȻܹ컯⡣
Ҷȴа
ңˣҶ治ܸɵɱڣô죬֮ڴɱɮڵҶ棬¾ͻᱻ׷ɱ
ʵжǿ
һ㣬Ҷ治֪ǴѲ˾ڼ¼ڰĵǿߣ͸ߴǧ࣬⻹Ǵ֪ġ
֪ܲأ
ǸҶ޷
ҲҶˣҶ汾ǱɳӳǷһɾĴɱ˭뵽ײȻܹ컯ĽƣǱӳ֮󣬷ԷΧˡ
ֻдУ
ҾͲаˣһ𣡡
Ҷ涸һ鱦׹ҶԺ֣ͬһɲǣϢ֮ǰǿ꣬ɢҫޱȵĻ⣬ХŴҶָɳ
꣡
Ҷһζ꣡
ͬһɲǣ齣һӰһ⣬Żסǵ컯¡
Уħ˧ѪӰһǧף׵Ѫɫ·һѪɫһ㣬ĺ¡
ȺµҶа⣬һΣȫ
ǲ컯ɵĹĻزһ¡
һĻҶⱬ䡣
걬ɲǡĽ⡢ħ˧ĵһն
˲Ϣ䣬һ컯ɵĹĻޱȵĲͷ·ܲסʱб˺ѵĿܡ
Ҷͷ󶨡
컯ȷʵ쳣ȴ޵еġ
ȫ£Ѿ˺ļˡ
ǾӦÿˡ
컯ĻҲһĻȴסһ
ǿ컯ɵĹĻ
Ļ컯ֻͷ˿ôһƣҲǵܹƵġ
ǵǿߣҪһ㱡컯ĻҲúܷһ
ǰˣȴַ˼Ϣҡҡ׹⹥ʵ̫̬ˣ
ΪҪǣţʦʮʦһͬڡ
̡
İֶΣɲһܹ֪ģ
һסͷٴһסٴһּɵͻ
һ֮ǰסһЩӡ
ӡɲǣѾվõʦʦǣһ籡Ŀޱϵͻ
һ·̸һһͻһĺļеһ˫Ŀлʢ
һⶸشעҡҡ׹컯Ļ
ԭҶǼ˺һ־ܺ컯ĻڻĲ䣬˲Ϣ±ȹ
ˣʦʦȴ쵼£һȥĳšͻ֡
ÿһγ̣ס컯Ļͻ׳һ֡
תۼ䣬Ҷ˵ĺѾ޷컯Ļˡ
Ҫ浣ĵǣһͷһһĳ̣ۼڵ컯ϢԽԽࡣ
ҶͷһľԤУ
סܹ컯Ҷ棬ҶһԤУͻǱĴʦһ㣬컯Ĺ£˲Ϣ仯ɻҽ
סһڴʦһǰ˸֣ҶͷΣѾԽԽǿ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷһᣬ׼ֱӻóţСлԪףֻһɱˣ
ʦһӰ쵽ǡǧ̵ͻȻ
ţ˵
ʦ𣬸ղ붯ţϧ㡢оͷǵٶ̫ˣҵٻͨոտһˣǵĻþͱǸɱˡ
ţôˣҶüͷһֻսһֱûע⣬һ룬ȷʵô¡
ǧ̳ˣʩչٻͨȴûκν
ԣҾٻͨӰԶһЩʦʦû뵽ȴڹؼʱ̣ӽڡ
ҵȻϵֻҪʦԸ⣬ʱԴ߶ͨӰǣǧ˵
ʱӰǣҶϲǿ졭
޲ȵȣ
м䣬Ҷ汾Ͼǧ̷ȴϽͣЩǱǱޱȵĴӵصӳ˰ΧȻҶһɱ
䣡
ҶõͲŵͺһ䡣
ͬʱҶĶھ˴͡ˣкηԸ
츳ͨܲʩչҶʵ
û⣬ˣֻҪĵطҵ츳ͨûκ⣡ֱ͡ӽ͵ҶĶڡ
һڻҿʼʱŻǵ̣Ҷ潻
ͬһɲǣҶһ˺ȵҼ䣡
⡢⡢׹⡢ⱬٴαһƬɲǣҶǧ΢΢ͷʾ⡣
ɲǼ䣬һĨǿޱȵ겨شǧɢ
ͬʱڣһʦл۹˲ʧ֮ǣǱŰޱȵ׹⡣
ը֣ݺݵǰȥ
ǰаԵһʦͻȻͷޱȵĲҺ
ͷɲǣͿһֻƴ͸ضս߬УȻ͵һ߬
飡
౬ѣѪ䣡
ͬһɲǣٳʮҽг
һʦһ΢ŵЦ鵶նסĲӣ
Ӧ˫ĿصԲʲôͬһɲǣ͵һܿһ
ˣ
̶ޱȵĺը
ͷ·ǧֻսĶһ㣬һ죬ֱͷתķҽڸǲѪ
һµֱӺʧȥؼķӦʱ
һԴʦƵֱͦͦ
ϧǣƵɲǣһⶸشӿһƷ׸סһ
Ҷ氵ϧһܹɱ
ֻҪܹɵˣΪ壡
ϧǣ֮ˣһͣһʦƷ壬ģȻƷ塣
ת˲ŵĹ֪ԸӹŹ߹һȦŭʲôס֣
һɲǣް
ΪôһĹѾѪɺӣʮʦʦʱѾʮ
ʣµˣȴڻսţ
ǼλսǿĴʦʱɱһնɱЩȥʦ
ס֣ס֣̰ԣ
켱ˣΪĹſڵ컯ĻΪֵԭѾǻһ롣
ٲӳ֣컯Ļƣɾǰţ


1611 ɱ
ס֣
ס֣̰Լӳ֣
˵סȳûκãһеĳɫȼļ
ÿһλ裬һɢſֲϢÿһκһǧ̿ƵĴʦʦشߵɻҽ
䣬Ҷ涸غȵ
ڻɫȵ͵һٴηһҽУѪ
ٴλָʦҶбɱ
ս飬ҲǼḻӦҲǼ졣
αĪ͵ϮÿһζǶ
߶ʮһǿд߶ܲ⣬ǣȴҲôָûЧ
һɲǣĿѵŭһ
Ϊһɲǣɵʦʦ֮ǰﵽ˿ֲʮˡ
Щôأ
ÿһǰڶѪ
Щǧ̱֯ĻþƵǹʦʦǣھĻҹѾȽ͡
ǵΪҲͣΪЩ˹˼ɵǵǵͬţŵģС
ǣɧס޹󣬾ͽĿתЩͨʦʦǡ
Щڱǧ̿Ƶ߹ʦʹʦǣڽУȫԽµһС
ͻȻ䣬ڵľ죬ʧʹҲܵӰ죬˶ݵĿհ״̬¿Ŵ󿪡
Щߣڴ͡͵Ϯ£ɵһ㱻Щ߸նɱ
ÿһϢ¼
ڵĿѸٽһʮˡ
һʮУʮڱǧ̿Ƶһ֡
סֱŭ
ЩʦķӦ죬˲Ϣסֵ˼ЩӦģʱ
סҲǷ˺ݣٱκνңȫնɱЩͬŵʦʦмĵţҲ
ڣԲʱ
סǿ߷֮£Ȼϵ˱նɱǱǧƵߣȴڷɿıš
ԼʮϢһĴʦסնɱ֮סһ
ͷһͲɵñ
ɳӳǷ£׳󣬷չǧʦٶλʦµʵУҲ׵ˡ
ڽ֮䣬ȴش
ǧˣ֮ڣʣ²ˡ
߹鱯ߣסҲǾ˵ˣȻ֪Ӧʲô
汾Լӳ֣Ϣ֮Ǳɡ
䣡
Ҳһɲǣɫϳ꣬͵غ䵽컯ĻϣһͬģǷ·һɽһĽ⡣
֮£컯Ļ飬סĿ⣬һ
壡һ
ޱȵ³ĸ֣Ҷ浱
ڣҶѾûѡ
ܹ֮Ƶ컯ĻǧкֵԵʣд츳ͨ
ǲô˻ڣٴ컯ĻҶȴûһκƵġ
ٶģȴ飬һһ㣬ͳ֮УȴҶ档
ǵ⻹гҶ棬סжظ޾Թ֮ɫ
̶̰ʱҶ棬һС
ɳӳǷ⵽شܾնУºҲҪȥְ֮ⷣж£ôȴģܾ
ǲҶ棬ϣⱲӾͻˣ
οΪڵɾϼˡ
ԣҪֹ
Ҫº֣
˲Ϣ䣬˾ϡ
飬һɲǱޱȵ£˫ָ߾ٹͷѸٷһһޱȵӡÿ任һӡҪһڱԴѪ
˵ô࣬һУʵһɲǵĹͷͻȻ֮ǰһ㸡һ⡣
ǵ⣬컯һģһ
ӡͷǵںһɲǣع⻪ţֳһͶе
һɲǣǻһ㣬˫Ŀ͵ŭһ۴ϸ컯⡣
һɲǴ߶˼£ڡǡȫѪߣӡһ䣬͵ؽӡ˵ȳĽ⡣
ȥ
ɫ컯⣬ɢһҶڵĿֲС
ɫ컯ȵֽһ͵زһ£ԭʧܹɫ컯Ĺ
ǱܹˣֱӽҶ汩¶ˣҶȴˡ
Σˣ
״һȻһЦ߾ٹͷӡ΢΢һһеĺĳɫ컯⣬ĺҶ棡
ңٶȼ죬쵽Ҷ淴Ӧ


1612 ͨ
סΪطĴк컯⣬ּֿ졣
Ҷ淴Ӧɲǣǵ컯ͺ䵽Ҷǰ
컯̺ŵֱϢĿֲϣҶ޹һ
һ˲䣬Ҷܵ˺ܾûйв
Ǳ컯ţҶԻᵱ䡣
컯ǰı£ҶҲУʯ䣬ݣֻսѪ컹¾պ⣬ˡ
ѹˣ
Ǳܵģ˵ʶģҶ컯⼰һɲǣ΢΢Ťһ塣
һɲǣһ컯ͱֱĹҶڣ
ˣ
ոձܹ컯齣һҶСӣ
ʦ𣡡
أ

顢ǧ̡ͷ桢Сèһɲȫ˻
ǵÿһ룬ֻƾĸо֪һ컯Ŀֲ
ֻҪôһǣԻᵱ仯ɻҽ
ǧ̡ͷ桢Сèļ˻Уһ޷ݵıʹ
ɹܹ컯齣ƲסĲ
ͻȻһĪıͷ
ҶһҪˣȥ
Ȼ˵˽ǰһʧȥ˼ˣΪ
ǣȥ
һڵжȫؼʱ̻һԼˣȥң
һɲǣЩڣ
ʵһҪǲܿȻʧأٴʧ壬ԴܴѣԲΣ
ˣ
ͬһɲǣסȴЦˡ
ѪʹſЦݿʼɢףǰЩǿУֻҪɱҶ棬һж⡣
컯
ţ˵ҶһͨСһһǵǿӲһ£ҲҪ䣡

Цոըֵʱ򣬾͸Ȼֹ
飬رùŹޱȣ
֣ҶվȻúõģûгɻң
ңҶƺں
ⲻѧ
Բܣ
ſǽһСıͷ˿ҪҲ
Ҷĺ£ôܲܣ
ôܲ
鱻һһէЦһ£Ҳ͵طӦ˹
԰
ҪҶ˵ɱΪҶӡԭҲᵱܴ
СèѪΪһͣǻᵱԶ
Ҷħ˧嶼ˣԻᵱɢ
һУúõģ
û£һ
ɱһ
УҶ̶ƺ̺޵ʹ࣡
һɲǣĽ⡢ħ˧ĵ˲Ϣչ
ϵЦݸոսΪŹֵסͱ޼ýֱӷָ飡
鱦Ľ⣬صĵŰ£ǻȺһ㣬̶̼ϢڣѪ
Ҷǣȴʱһ£һ˿Ȼ
һβ⣬ҶСģ顣
ʵϣǵ컯ʱҶؿڵͷ·ӦʲôҵĲһ¡
Ҷ汾ܵľʹ߶齫ǵ컯ֱ˽ȥ
Ȼ飬Ҷǵס׵˽ȥ
ɵĺȴеҶ˼
һ컯⣬̽ڣͱֱĺĵؿռӡݡ
ǺɽʯۺޱȵؿռӡҶԸȫҲĥһʯңֻˮĥһһεĻۡ
Ҫ⿪ĵطӡݣϰʱ䶼пܣ
컯֮£ĵؿռӡȴѩһķɿڡ
һһķʼɿɢڲĿռ䣬ʼɿ
״ʮϢǵ컯⣬ųɢ
ǵ컯ɢɲǣԪ鰢͵سڣҶǰģȴһֻߴһ׵˫ǳߡ
ڴ֮ǰԪ鰢ı壬ֻаƴС
һΣҶүҵүүһΣطӡܹ׽⿪ˡ
ܹһˣһΰӵطӡ֮ÿ⿪һطͨʩչԪ鰢󼸺ǺӳҶ溿
ЧôǿҶЩ͡
Ŀǰʵˮĥϰ깦Ҳֲôһķӡ࣡˵
Ҷүкãˣкá
Ԫ鰢꣬ҶͽԪ鰢צֱ˦ڵ
ȥֻҪܹڵ컯⣬ҾٳһˣҶȵ
ȴǷһֽУһ˻
Բ𣬸ղҡҶǰĽ壬һһģƺ˵Ĳ
û£ⲻͦ𣬿ңһˡ
Ҷ˵꣬ԳӰһ߲ѵԺ󲻻ˣ
Ҷ滹˵û£øˣҶ濪ڣͿʼˣ֪ˣұ֤Ժ󲻻ˣ
Ҷһңû顣
İ
Ҫһܣڵĵطݣô⿪أ
˵ʵҶѾԪ鰢˵ˡ
ҪҪȥҸ¸ôһƱƵǷµסȻҶ黯ӡ
Ԫ鰢˵ˣķӡӵؿʼÿ⿪һأͻһͨʩչ
ͨ
ܱԪ鰢֮ΪͨģԲͨɫ
ŪҶ涼ʼڴط⿪֮ͨˡ
컯ôʹԺ˵õúúõһ£
ʦǸס֪꣬ܿûáǧ̵Ҷ
Ҷ̧ͷŭޱȵסꡣ
һѾޱȵʵԪ飬ֻһ֮ңˡ
Сӣһ£ˣȫ£ʮ壬ˣ
ڣϣϳͷĳͷϽ裬һ棬һת
˭˵ˣұǴܵ۹ССҺΣ㣬ҾӦΪԸǡ
ܵ۹ƨǰǴܵǸʵۣҲҪͷ£ǴܵǸʵۣҲס㣡סŭ
ҵ鷳
ȵøҴܵ۹һҶ˵
ûǸܣɲܴвסǿ
ټأҶչʾһ
һŵʱɢֱںΣһӰѣ
ڴܵÿһݸصĽͷأҶЦ
㡭ңŭ
÷ŭޱȵ飬ҶԼҪ飬˼ְա
˵ס֣һ䣬һ䣬ҪȻ
ħ

Ϣ֮Ҷ鶸ر䣬ȻˣҾֻܽѻꡣ


1613 ͵
飡
Ҷʩչǣһ̽סڵɲǣ͵رһޱȵ겨
˲Ϣͽסը˷飬ɢҶһá
˵ǼҶ֮⣬֮С
µסְ㲻ĵԱҲǸ߲ˣ϶֪һЩΪ֪ܡ
Ҷϵסܻи˵ػԶ˴Ԫ鰢ǣ
Ҷ濴ֻҪססˣǵʱҶҪ³ʲôܣ³ʲôܡ
Ҷû뵽һ̽룬סڵĽƣֱӻɷɻҡ
Ҷ澪ǣԪ鰢ǣǿǿµػƹȥĸط
ڣȴƲסڵػ
֮סڵػǱȵҪǿĴڼӳֵġ
ȵҪǿĴڣֻ컯ˣҲ컯Ĵڡ
컯ĴڣǷ˺ͨ߿е
֮Ǿ֮Уڣֻŵģʱ붯컯ˣ
ڼǰҶ֪Ϣ»˲һ˿һԵ˼ڱħսս׷ɱ֮Ҷһ¡
νֻΪߡ˸ǿ߶ѣ
½߶ԣڵҶ棬Ǿ
ѣ
κһҴߣһ
´ͬʱһȦҶüͷһ壬Ҷ淢֣һЩؼ˲ڡ
Ǹ֪
Ǹ֪ĿϹŲһսˡ
Ҳǿ֪ǰһλǱˣµĺƻϣҶͻš
úǻ㣬ɳӳߣѰǸ֪䣡Ҷ潻
ϹħڴħĻսǣҶʼⱣŴ䣬û
ּϡ̫Ѫɲܽ˸ɱˣҶصذ˺
ˣˣڵĵڣߣһ˵Ǹ֪ǳ񡣡͡˵
һɲǣҶˮһɢɳӳǷ£ħ˧սѪڷϿգ˳ûߡ
顢ǧ̡СèͷѾʼڷɨ
һɲǣҶ£ĺޱȡ
ˣʦ̴ͨӣһնɱ
ڷ¸½ѳòŮӣвƯͯӣҶûȥ֡
ЩˣȫʦʦգҶ水ǧ̵Ľ飬ֻǧطĨȥЩͨ˽ļ䡣
ܿģ֪ͱСè˹߼Ҷ棬ٿסʬ壬Ѿŵƨˡ
Ҷѯʣ֪ʱش
ҶֻѯһЩؼ⣬ʹסˣ£ɲǾĵط֪᲻ͻȻ١
ôһλҶɾ͵ùˡ
ˣſɣұ㲻Ҷֱ˵Ķ֪˵
֪ȻҶĿǰӴߵˣȴܹƵߵˡ
Ϊһµ֪£󲿷ֵ飬֪ġ
Ҷߣ֪ڲˣһ¡
ôһ˴ߣʵ̫Σգһ׽ţǿʵʵ֤ݡ
ԣҶ㣬ֻá
ҿԷſǴˣҵߣиµػһҵ꣬ҵԴʱͻᱬɷ飡֪˵
֣ʲôĸ֣Ҷʵ
ʦ֪
ʦѣѲңҶϣӦֻҪԱ漰ܵԱŻ붯컯ĸ˼ӳػ
֪ԱиĴʦӳ־Ͳˡ
Ϣ֮Ҷ˳˳ʩչǣ֪꣬һɲǣ֪ȴǱ߽ӵİ
㡭㲻˵һΪʲôҪɱң
ڸոգǣɵɲǣҶһƣͽ֪Դ˸顣
ڵ꣬ǻĺúõģҶ治
ǡǡ
ʲôѵɢҶ۾һɡ
֪ǱҶŵˡ
룬Ǿ͸ҺúõĴţһ֣Ҷʩط֮󣬽֪ӽڡ
ĹҶһ˵ȣѾɳӳǷϸϸɸһ飬Ϊ©֮㣬Ҷ滹СڷµصһȦ
ȷûκ©֮Ҷһ˲׼뿪
֮ǰ±ѵڣѪսʼʱѾһɶˡ
ˣҷŶ츳ͨϸɳӳǷ⣬ڷڣһ㲻һĵطͻȻ䣬͡ٴ
һĵط˵
ǸĵصףӦþ·شԼ׵ĵط߶ʱвһĻƺǿյġҺܴ󡣡˵
յģ˼ǡҶüͷһ
ֿ⣬пɳӳǷµı⣡͡˵
⣿
Ҷһʱͽոս֪˳˵ɳӳǷµĲرڣ
治֪ˣ֪һרŴ²ı⣬治֪֪ײ
㲻֪˭֪Ҷʵ
ºס֣֪λõģֻ֪˵
ޣɳӳǷµļأҶʵ
ԣָָ֪˵ǰ㳡ϵһ߱ʬǸǣɱˣ
²ı⣬ɼºס˹ͬĹġ
ҶǸһ˿Цָ֪ļʬ壬ստʼͱɱɳӳǷµĽǿ֮һ
һɲǣҶֽսһȴٴζصס
صȻ컯ĽƣһΣѾ֣ٴδ˵ص컯ĽƣٴαסҶҲ
ǿĴ½͵Ĵڣ˵Ǵܵ۹ĲƸûࡣ
һٴζĵصףҶȴСĵĶ̫࣬ıԴѾʱ׼Ӷݡ
һΣȴ˳Ѿݵص׵ĵشҶ澹Ȼûдơ
˼һ֮ǰƵΣҶϾҳ˲ԭ
һΣǶӦɳӳǷʱ컯Ľơ
ҶϿԶ϶ص컯Ĵš
ԣҶȴһֱĵص׶ѰŴпտش
еƫеĵشʱҶͻȻһᣬͽһΪտĿռ䡣
ĿɨȥɲǣҶ;ˡ
θУҶǲ֪ģɳӳǷ£Ǹͣ


1614 ջ
һȥǶѻɽʯ
ɳӳǷ·ص׵صױ⣬ʵ󣬳ףף߰׶ѡ
ӦΪ˱֤İȫֻռôСĿռ䣬ģĵײ·
ڲȴŷǳĿռ󷨣ռӵЧʣѾϵҶĳֹڵĿռӵЧˡ
ߴʮ
֮ǰ⴦⣬ʵһǧסǧסǧ׵ľ޴ռ䡣
ʯȫѵĸСɽһ㡣
ңƷʯͼģƷʯ
ĿɨһȦҶ淢ֵ±ھͶѻŸָʯҶһۿģƷʯƷʯƷƷƷʯ
Ҷ沢ûмŽЩʯߣĿһɨͿʼɨռ䡣
ֲر⣬һ㲻ᰲȴᰲһЩޣ߼¼֮á
ɨһ룬ҶڱϷĹڣҵһȺޱߵӡ
ڴͬʱɳӳǷµڣһһֽ
Ҫƽʱֽһסͻڵһʱ䣬ص󷨽ƣ²컯סȻŻʰߡ
ڣֻʾеҲˡ
Ľ͸Ȼֹ
²һ׹ֻ͵˻ҽ
Ҷ֮еϣȷûκ֮Ҷſʼȡɽһʯ
Ҷʱֻһ뷨Ǿڿռ㹻Ҫǻһ߶ԣɽһʯǴռȴֻ̾Ϣˡ
ǧٶ飡
Ҷֻȡʱϼһ£ͷ֣Ʒʯǧ顣
ȻۺƷʯֻ֮ʮƷʯĿȴҲ㹻ˡ
ƷʯֻƷʯʮ֮һͷĿɸߴİƷʯϡ
ҶԾģﾹȻղмΪϡļƷʯ
Ʒʯ£ϲڴ֮󣬾ͿֱתΪΪ
˺ͻָΪƷҶУҲֻм飬ؼʱ̣᲻á
ǧ鼫Ʒʯ
ֵʯĿҶ涼Щľˡ
ƷʯĿٵһ֣ڰʮϣƷʯٵһ飬ϡ
ƷʯַǳϡĶٵľʯǧ顣
Ϊʯͱʯǧϡ
ЩҶһһɨڣҶʱֻһоˣ
һΣǴˣ
һɨҶɵȾĴỨʯϾȫˣһֹ
Ϊ²֮Уʯֻռ֮һѣģǸָĵر
顢ϵƤëϣֲҩ
һȡҶһ߾̾ɳӳǷ¹εƤжǿŻ˺²
һ֪֮ҶЩˡ
ɳӳСⷽԲƵķ¾һءֻһλʦֵãǶҡ
ҵû۵ĲƸ붼۵ɳӳǷοɳӳǷڷԲڣŲ²ġ
ǣϺӺֺðͽɳӳǷ¡
ԭܼ򵥣ɳӳǷӵеϺӺؽΨһһɿҾƵǿս
ϺӺٲԸ⣬֪ɳӳǷϵһ㣬Ҳűֺá
ͲƻŮͲҵĵر͵£ɳӳǷ±ѹΣɳӳǷ˺ĲƸ
֪˵²֮УһҪ͵ɽģÿһΣټɳӳǷ´һõطԭ򣬲˺ĲƸ
ⲢвƸģɳӳǷµֲƸࡣ
ϾɳӳǷ£ڶڣŲϺŵġ
ƽָȡƷĵǼСģοҶԪ飬ӴռڵƷޱȡ
죬²һڣҶԪ飬ȴеһƣۡ
ʱĹȵ֢״
Ҷȴûκֵͣ˼
Ҷֻ뽫²ıȫߣȻٶ뿪
Ȼסû컯˵ļӳֵػô䣬λ컯˾ͻϸ֪
Ȼ컯ֱӽɳӳǷС¼ĸ̵ʱ֧ԮɳӳǷȴǾԵġ
Ҷ治֪ǵٶж죬Ҫ̵ʱ뿪
ԣҶһ·ɨĵе
ҶѾǲܲˣʲôĵرҶȫһԵյ˵Ժ
Ҷٶȵɨ£²ռٴҲܿ챻Ҷɨһգܿģɨ²档
ǣҶ濴²ڲСɽĴСһĵҩ໹͵زһ¡
£̵ĸа
鵤²ߵѵҩȫͨŪһŶѵ鵤Ʒ鵤Ʒ鵤Ʒ鵤
Ʒ鵤Ʒ鵤ʵе࣬ҶһһžܹҶµƷ鵤ҶһɨȥͨͨĿ£
һʮţ
һʮƷ鵤


1615 ظ
ʮһƷ鵤ǧƷ鵤Ʒ鵤һ˵ĲƸ
һƷ鵤൱һƷʯһƷ鵤൱һٿƷʯһƷ鵤൱һƷʯ
Ʒ鵤ǧƷ鵤ֵ࣬ʮһƷ鵤ļֵ;ˡ
ֵʮһƷʯ
ⱾѾһʺܾ˵ĲƸˣļֵڣ鵤⣬ʱʯҲ򲻵
ڴܣͨһܹڹٷһƷ򣬱Ǹûʸ
ڴܣֻоѫλ;λĹ壬ܹѫλλòͬĹʸ
֮⣬ߵľ佫١ܾڽײͬŲͬĹ޶ϸߵľ佫١
ܽ֡޹
ںϣ۸ᷭ˵ʯٶ࣬Ҳֻ򵽺ٵһ֡⣬ǺĴ½ӲĲӲӲͨ
ңҶĿǰľλ͹ְÿܹڴܹٷ򵽵鵤ҶҪ鵤ԼҪʮꡣ
鵤󣬾ڴˡ
Ҷܺ棬Ϊλ˺鵤أ
ȻģҶֽ֪˳£򵥣ѯһ֪ܿԭί
ͬʱҶҲ֪Ϊʲôôʦʦˡ
ʹʦʦΪź񣬻ϣֻҪԸ裬ͰΪͬ㹻ĲͬȽ׵鵤
ͬʱҲ鵤޹ڹʸҲ޶ΪʹʦʦеһԱŻйʸ
֮ǼΪһԱŻӵʸ
ڲŽͽջڴﵽһ̶ȣͻ鵤
ϣɳӳǷ²ڵ鵤붼ǽǧڵ裬ģۡȵȡ
Ҷ淢֣Ǵܣ鵤Ŀϣһ¡
˵鵤⣬ޣƲףʱõĲҡ
ǰҶˮlһٿƷ鵤䷴оܷܲ鵤Ʋϡַȵȡ
ܹǼֵãֵ޷ݡ
ңһϣҶˮlޱȵģһλȥҶˮlһƷ鵤о
Ҷ֮ԶˮlдģҪԴҶһ֡
Ĵ½ʦַӸĵҩЧãƵĵҩ࣬ĳɹʱˮl󲿷˶Ҫߡ
ǵˮlĴ½ɹʣ½ɿ쭵˾ųϡ
ԭ򣬻ںĴ½ӵơԪ顢ص𶼸ӵȶǿ
ˮlǵ½ʱԴȱǺ޲ѹեҩڵһҩ£ƵҩַĴ½ʦȣӵϸ壬ӵȽ
ң½ִжϾˮlƵҩ󲿷ҵһЩʧĵоģв٣ȴô½һЩؾҵŵоġ
˵оҩɷⷽ棬ˮlǷǳо顣
ǰǰǣɹо鵤࣬Ҷһ˵鵤Ϳˮlſоˡ
һоɹǿһ¢
֮ҶѾһƬǼɳӳǷ뿪ɳӳڵϹŲϡ
ɳӳڣʱѾĴϣҶ滹ǶݲŵִɳӳϹŲ
ҶϵʱѲ·Ѳʹ˸ɳӳפš
ȥܼңɳӳפڵӣٽϹŲ󣬾Ҫ䡣
ô£Ҷ괫ʵɳӳפΪƷ֮֮ǰѾ𣿡
ҶˣҲء
㽻Ұ֮ɳӳפֻƷ󣬵ҡ
ҾͳûţҴɱʮλɳӳפв٣߼٣ɳӳפ֧Сģƴҥפҡ
ǰʱǰͻȻ֮䣬£ޱȵɳӳפͷɿĻָ
һӵʱ䣬ɳӳפͻָʼȫǾ䡢¾λǳǽ⣬ر
ĲҲڶʱȫɳӳڣЩ˸ҪϹŲĿȨۿžҪŲסˡ߿
Ѳ˾Ѳʹ㻹ûвԭ𣿡Ҷʵ
Ҷˣ֮ǰĶУ°ɳӳڼʮžӢ̽ӣĪʧˣĿǰֻ֪ɳӳǳͳ˧ޣһյ˾ŷܾ֮
һ϶µȶ·Ʒ֮ûйϵһ㣬ЩŹ֡˵
ҶҲĺܹŹ֡
Ʒ̫ӺߵˣɲǼ򵥵ܹƵ˴ɱһϡ
д̿ºҲҪ׷ġ
ڴܣһλǱģôӵ׾̫ࡢŮȫҪնɱ
ҪˣҪ
ûΣֻҪˣʧְ
Ҫһ£ʱֵѲ˾صĹԱҲȫҪնס
ҲһҪģɳӳפĴ˧ޣﲻµĽ٣ҲҪƳһ
̵ѲǾ㲻ȫնɱ٣ȴһն
ǣ£ɳӳǵĴҲŹ֡
ǴһĽʱ·ʵģмҾģսҲõѡΪֻսŲǣˡ
ȴȫ
Ҷ֪⵱йŹ֣ȴǶʱܹġ
Ȼ϶°ôͽǵĸ߼ɵýǸ˧޸ɵҶ˵
ԣһʱͿ
ҶˣǵĴ˧ޣǿǽصǿߣʱʹĽܱߣʱһǿ߱
µѲԣΪߵģҲأȲ˵ܲɱԪ˧ޣ»ȶ֣Ҫ군ˡ
Щ߼죬֮󣬶ޱȵĽڴģײ뿪
µѲԣ㱨űľǿдɱɹҲᳬɣңǱ¡
Ҷüͷٴһ壬ϺӺأûг
ѾˣԼʮΪɳӳǶʧԭϺӺĴһֱɳӳ⼯ᡣ
ٹʱϺӺĴͻɱδ
ģʤΣϺӺܹܲ⸴ɳӳǣҶʵ
˼һ£ٴοЦѣ
³ִ٣ϺӺĴϵƲ֮࣬ǰҵ״̬ôϺӺ˳ȡɳӳû⡣
פѾ᲼ϣĽһĹսɳӳǵĻǴҲΪۺ
ϺӺ⸴ɳӳǣѣ
𣿡ҶǸһ˿ޱȵЦݣפ˧ڵλá
Ƭ֮θҶ淢һһԼλá
ЦһոճɳӳϹŲҶ棬ƾʧ
Ϣ֮һŻ⽫Ŵε˶šƵһĽܱ߰ͬʱɡ
ҶĿǰɱΪڽµ߶ѣǾǵǿߵһĴڡ
Ҷļֶεɱʵ̫ˡ
֮УɳӳڲһʱӪУٿ»Ԫ˧ڵ˧УͻȻһ
˵ŭУһⱬֲޱȵĽ⣬˲Ϣͽ˧ʽʳ˷顣
ȻһѪһչڶҺʧ˧ĸֺʹӦѹʱǸӰѾƾʧ
ۣɳӳפԪ˧ޣɢ
һͬɳӳפԪ˧ģбԪ˧ټ»ָʹʮͳ죡
һĹɳӳפ߲㣬ȫɳӳפٴȺף
ϺӺĴԽԽľ飬ҲһһĴ
ʣмɳӳפǣ±ˣûãԭȵĲþҳһ
ʲôɳӳפһεˣҵޱȳף
ɳӳפԪ˧ޡһڸ߼죬ȫɱ֮Уפ򡣡
յ鱨ѲѲʹΣŸոճǰҶ棬䲻Ĵһս
룬Ѿ֪˭ˡ
ʱֻһ뷨ڣ
ǰҶѲʹսڣ
ǿ֮иֻ֮µ˧ʰ
ǵǿߣҲ״룬ǿǿĿռŲͨͶݷҲɡ
һŸֵĴճסǵǿߣҲ
Ҷ棬γη֮⣬η塣
ʵҶ滹ռһݵԭ
ΪݣҶ˧ܱߵĸָӰȥ١
һ֧פڣûֿյĸ֡
ϾֻһԶľӣʵޡ
ԣƾݣҶͿӰȥ٣ƾűɱɴɱ
й鱨ǹڵı仯ڸһ㱨
УԪ˧ޱɱ飬ӦһظΪɣҶ涨Ķ˵
ǣףһλظΪѲ˾þҲûпϺӺˡæĵͷ
ܺã㲻ҽɣҶٴʵ
ᣬҼǵãҼǵú̵ʱڣһᾡġ
εĸСһԴҶĵ˵ͷȻ߽ϹŲóɳӳϹŲĿƣ
ɳӳϹŲ⻪ûϢҶӰʹʧ
Ҷ뿪βųһֱӣ䣬ĺѾ亹ʪ͸ˡ


1616 
㣬ٿ㣡
֮ڣƷ̵Ĵߴһһ²۵һ붼ѾʼѪˣ̻ڴߴ١
ҲǼ
ǰ쿪ʼɳӳǾʧˡ
Ǿӣǳڰŵ̽ͷĿȫʧˡ
ϵϣѾ뾡з޷ϵɳӳڵˡ
Ʒ˽ܹϵɳӳǷ£ҲûκλӦ
СŲ󷢳ȥѾϰٷˣȴͬţ뺣һ㣬ûκλӦ
ĿǰΨһܹõ鱨ɳӳϹŲգ޷ͨС
⣬ǰԮɳӳǵһ֧ӣһ֮½˼ɳӳǵ
Щǵ֪һޱȾ˵鱨
ɳӳǱϺӺ⸴ˡ
ɳӳʮȫܣȷ鱨Ԫ˧ˣ
ң鷢ǰ
ţ
˵ʵƷϢĵһӦǾǼٵģš
ܰ
̶ʱ䣬Ʒ̵Ѿһ㴥Ŀĵݡ
ֻһ˵̻ԷϣԲš
һü˵ȻϲţȴѾˡ
ʱǰĸףҲĹԸ
ֹͣǰɳӳǣʱɳӳǣúΣա
ǣ̲ġ
ҪԿɳӳǵΣŻġ
ҪǣҪսܵԭɳӳǵαݵģУ֪ɳӳǷ£׷ʲôʣ
ȻһֱظӼʹ
ʹΪͨʹϾߣͼĵӡ
һ֣ʹߵȫƣǾʹ
ʹȱһס֣ҲҪңҪԲ֮
ٲٲԸִУҲһ˵
ڣȨһС
ѾˣסȴһֱûѶһֲõԤС
֮յһҲ׵
УٴȷɳӳǵıʣͬʱԶɳӳǣЩǿӲ
̳Ĭ֮󣬳̾һ
ʯٸɳӳǣץʱָǻʱʱָĵ
ʵǰ̲ò
ҪЩֵı
ȻѾʧһߵ£Ҳðʧˡ
ʱ󣬴żȻӽɳӳǵ̣Щʹı۾
ɳӳǳͷѾϺӺģڵѾеβ
ѾʼķˣţϺӺոɳӳǣѾˣѾƿɳӳǡ
Խĺ棬ֻһ֣ݣ˻ʦģֳĲ뺣ҡڵĽɳӳǡ
ڴֱܵݸȨҲԣЩڣȴżȨû˸̲顣
ԣ̽ɳӳǺɡ
ֻǣɳӳǵʱԸоЩʿǵе졣
̵ӵĹŹ֡
ȴûмǰɳӳǷ£ǰȥְļ̽ͷĿͷ
ʱ֮ɫڵڼһ̽һ鱨ϵͳУͨԱ̽ҲõһѪϢ
ɳӳǰ̽ĴСͷĿǰѾ
ǰͨ̽ӵϱ鱨ţֻϱϵĴСͷĿ군ˡ
Ҳֻܸż
̽У֪ɳӳǴܵļͳԪ˧ʹ󽫱һˣ벻ܶɡ
ֻǣҪ֮дɱͳԪ˧󽫣ǵǿҪҲ̫ס
Īģ̵Ժо͸ҶӰͻȻ䷢֣ҶǸ̬ʵʵ
ֻĿǰ鱨̫٣޷ȷɱʱֳľ£֮󣬲ȷɱߡ
Ҷ桭Ǻ޵ĽԸһڸҧĿ졣
ܿģ̾ͿٵתɳӳǷµķ
ɳӳǷ»ʱ̾ᵽһŻĳζ
þɱףǴʬ帯֮ɢĳζ
ɳӳǵشϷȳʪ󣬺ܿͻḯá
Щ֣ϺӺɳӳѾˣʱ䣬ѾɳӳʰĲˣôŨҵʬζأ
ʬ壬Ӧǵһ񰡡
ǰһϵѪɫͻȻ;ȥ͵زһ¡
ͻȻ䷢֣ŻʬɳӳǷ¡
ֻɳӳǷڵʬ壬ϺӺŲ⴦ã
ͨ£ɳӳǷڵʬ壬ȻɳӳǷµӴãֻһ£Żᷢ
ǾǣɳӳǷµӡˣ
̵ϣز˾


1617 
Ʒִ̿ϺӺסڱǵļʿһڡʮһڽɳӳǷΧסʱ̵ĽŲǹǦһأ
ĵλεȵĳȻһ£˵һССĺЩĹҲɼʿΧ
ֻһ£ϺӺŸɼʿΧɳӳǷ£ǾΪ˱ɳӳǷµԭ״ֺ
ʲôҪ֡ˡ
ɳӳǷµ˵£ǲŸҶ
һɲǣƷ̵е㷢һ±£ֱǽͱһ鷳ˡ
ʹӲ˸ϵ
ЩסڱǵļʿһӴ̵ʱ򣬾Ȼ¶ϲɫ
һ㲡뼰ص߾С˹ģǿ˾һ㡣
λʦˣϺӺԱ֤ǹʱɳӳǷ¾Ѿˡ
ɳ﷢һУûûκιϵ
ңд֤Ӱ֤ϺӺ֮ǰɳӳǷھѾûһˡϺӺبټ죬޲еǰһԶȫ˵
ȴһֶûȥոտ絽ɳӳǷ´󿪵ŵʱ̾Ǳһ㣬סˣ
ң
һ˵ã
ɵʬ֫ʬڻңЩ˽̼ʬ廹ЩЩʬ֫ϷȵУ̶͸÷
ʰ׶˶治ϵķţǿ̺Ҳ˺档
Ż
һһʬǸʶ£̵ˡ
ô
ô
һƿبڲǽĲ֫ϱۣһɹɵĺӽŵװֱţֱ̻ð亹
⵽˭ģôôĵӰ
۾ľǹţһ͵תסϺӺبڡ
ǡǺôĵӣΪ˹ɳӳǣȻ£ѵ𣿡̶̼ϢڣѾȨϣ˲ϢԼѷķ
һϺӺبŵĻ˵ˡ
ʦԩԩ桭治ô˵£һϵûУ
ȴЦһ־óһСŲ󷨣ڣҪ飬Ͻϱȥ
ҲóСŲɲǣɳӳǷϿյգرһ⣬ֱӽɳӳϿոһѷ졣
˸УɳӳϿյѷڳУǸռѷһ̶֮һµ۵ߣĴѳ
һգѷ˲£
µֵ߳ɲǣһ
Ϊ£Ȼֱӳһλĵǿߣɼ߲Դ£жŭˣ
µ糣Ѿĺĸ߲ˡ
µƳһֿۣ·ɳӳǷһۣһͱǧӰ
һɲǣλʦǧλʦѾܲɳӳǷϿա
飡
һ·ԾĵܳӰ糵ų޷Զ
λʦǧλʦÿһһޱȵ飬ޱֱķ˵ϵÿһ֫ʬ
ꡢ۾ù߲鿴˵ϸڣһ׻棬һ·ûпһ㡣
ܿģһսϸھͻ
ΣϺӺب̲סһսһɲǣµޱȵӾͳبǰ
ң˭ɵģ
ߣϺӺˣΪǡᣡ
һӷ·һֱبú߲˫һڵء
ʦ桭治֪ǽǰѾˣبͰ͵˵
糵üë΢һô˵ǲ֪ඣǾ͡ɣ
·һ⣬ַ·ֻǳһһĨ޷ݵ䣬ǳһɢɳӳǵ˷
֮ɳӳǷ¸ľ񣬻ϺӺļʿԱη׷һʧȥκ
΢紵˾ͻ˻ҽ
𡭡Χļǧʿ˲Ϣ仯˻ҽ͵شһս
ΪҪǣ𣬻ڷٵŸԶķӣнɳӳǻɹ˼
Ҳ𴩹ϺӺبɲǣһɫشب𣬽һ裡
壿糵飬ޱȵе۾Ƿٵɢ˷𣬷ɿɢؼ䣬ʧ
ȥѲѲʹϷϷҪʻȵ·


1618 
ȥѲѲʹϷϷҪʻ
µһ£ʱһΪߴ۷ʦһ֣ͷٵļʮʦʦ
ȥ룬ѲʹѾˣΪϺӺܱʮĿѲʹ
ڽԴѲʹܽɱһĽͣʹɾҪˣλ쳹
ʮ㣬ϸһȴֲ
̴ˣʲôʱһССѲʹҸһ֮˵ˣ
ոϺӺبɫһˡ
ɴܣ갡
ҪǸȥϺӺ¶ҪȥһöһСɾˡ
ڴм䣬һСģҪǡ
µ΢΢һбһΣһССѲʹҲҸϷ죿
Ǵ˾Ԥ٣ҲϷ˵ҲգϷԤСӹܽһ¡
ĿһһָεޱȵƿɲǣһСɫ棬Ѹ׵ĳεǰ
ۿξҪɻҽһ֧ѩ󣬶ش̽һָаָ͵Źϱߡ
飡
ָɫĹ棬ȴ˲Ϣɢ
ʲôˣϷɫһһȭֻ̽ĵطռʼŤݡ
Ҵ壬Ϊ鳤հɱҴ࣬øһһȴһĪ
һɫװȹĳֹͻȻӿռݴ̽ӣѩ˫΢΢һţռʱͱȶޱȡ
̽ɲǣֿŵһʱͱſһ޴ѷ졣
ѲڵӰʼѷ֮
µ糵ͫףСųֹĶǵĺ⡣
ƾ˫֣ûκطֻ֮˫֣˺ա
ֹ߿չʾһ֣Ѿµ
ǰħӻصĳֹʱɳѾΪˣ侪˵ǱѾ˾˵ʵ
ҵ˭أԭǳֹ¼ݵϷˣϢһգ֮һ䣬˵Ϸɱ޹壬ȴǴˣ
Ϸ򷽲ŲɱڳͷЩȵĶͽɳӳǷܱ˶ʿɳӳǷ֮ʱȻûһȡ
Ҵ壬һ˵ȼ֮磬ɳ
ԣϷųֳͽǣ֮˵
ϺӺبˣȥڵģҲУƫƫ˵ͨ
˵޳ܣˡ
֮ǰﳤϣ֮ˣǴҴܹٷ
ڴܣй˸÷ӦҴܹԱɷ󶨡
ôǴںεأ֮ʱ񣬿ǵڳ˴ɵġ
ǴΥֹͣ˵
ЦϷôΥͣ˵֮󣬰糾ƻˡ
ͻȻ䷢ֹ֣׽ȥˡ
Ҷͻᾪ̶̼ʱ䣬ֹĴʷ澹Ȼ
Ҷ治֪ǣԴǸ뷨֮ûĿĻʮĳֹͻȻĿꡣ
ϻ۾һѧϰٶȷǳĿ졣
࣬Ϊĸϣ˼Ӱ
˼֮µ糾ЩĵϷһΪʾʣ͵ÿܲ붯ˡ
һֶΣһҲڣƵϣ˭Ҳκβá
񣬾ǴʥӣҲܼġ
ٴͣͲ𣿡
֪ϷǼٴͣµ˰ۡ
ܰûмٴͣ£ѾΪһ׮ҲССϺӺܹõġ
شռѾؾݡɣֹһ죬һ̬
أô˵֪ˣɫһ䡣
Ѳ˾ǰ裬οֵܹµؼġֹ˵
ɫٴһ䣬ϷҪǲȥأ
򵥣ǱһֱȣȵҪȥʱ򣡡˵䣬ֹһָˢˢϺӳϿ
һʱ䣬Ϻӳţɭɭ
ЩһĿ⣬ðֵµĴʦʦ˲ӡ
Щ񣬿ɲöԸ
һɲǣⶸر¹һ⣬ؼĪĶ˼ֱŰ֮
ȻˣϷ빫һµûбϷǸ£ŭ
ֹȴ΢΢һˣֲҡֻǲԸɳӳ֮࣬˺ƽ١
ǰִˣһ㣡
õ
ŭһҪ֣ڴʱһʹͻǰ괫
糴һ£ŭЦ棿ȷ
Ѿҵ֤࣬ϵĸɫӰٷΪ֤Ӧ󣡡
úúãȻҪȥأϷһΣһΣ֣ưոݣ
ԣֹ΢΢һ˼ҳˣ


1619 б䣿
̲ıϣҶ桢䡢ǧ̡ڻСèıϣƲ֮̿дӡ
ãã޼ʵĴϷУʵǺ·ģҵǣСèǿǰޣбǿ
ߣҶ滹дõһݻϸıͼ·ĿԺС
ϹŲֻܽҶ͵ԭԭڵϹŲ󣬽ҪСè·ˡ
Բ֮ҹʱ䲻ˣҶþϹȥ
Ҷһ··Ҳûţ·СèҲģһ·ϳÿ̶һѲ·Ѳʹε鱨
ò˵ҶĿǰĴʾͬ飬ӦҲĿǰζּѵĴòҶʱԽ߽Ĵȡ
ÿ춼ǳڿ죬ϣɳӳǡϺӺɳӳµ鱨ÿ춼Ҷһݡ
Ҷ뿪ǰ죬Ҳ˲£Ҽɳӳǵ̽
鱨ȴҶһ
û
̾Ȼţ
鱨ʱҶֱһɱɳӳǣٴնɱ̵ĳ嶯
Ҫ֪½飬ǣĹذʵ̫ˡ
ңҶ벻ףƷ̣նɱģǿʵôأ
Ҷ˻Ʒ̱նɱ֮ʱ
նɱʬе꣬ȻޱȵĴֱӱɷˣǿǿߵ궼硣
Ҷģйء
ôһܹ͵ʱɳӳפΪʲô̵ʱ϶µĻָ
Ϊ̳棬Ӷȶ˾ġ
й飬ҶʹԪ鰢飬˵Ĵ𰸶ࡣ
飬Уϣ䱾ϻ塣
ֻҪ겻ÿһ߶Ŀܡ
֮⣬һЩĵ
ǱҶӰҪһͨɲͬҲͬͬ
ÿһΪѣûдԴ޷ɹġ
пܾһָĵͨţͨҲ̫ϡвǿ߶־ѵıš
˵̵ҶĪôеĳֹҶ澪ϲѡ
Ҷû뵽ǸǰͬһŰֽĳ̶ֹ̼깦ȻѾ˳̶ȡ
ֹΪǿ棬ϾʥŮ컯У컯а
ܹմ컯ֵģ򵥡
Ҷû뵽ε鱨У̸ֹԴǾֹȻܹµ糸׽ȥɳʵǡ
Ҷ֪ģȴǵǸṲ̊Լѡ·֮񡭡

ֹµһ뿪ɳӳǣҶϣҶϵû뵽˾Ȼǳֹ
뿪ʱ˶ʮλʦλʦؽɳӳǷ£ǽɳӳǷ֮ǰǿࡣ
ǣƷ̣ȴûбһͬߣίЭɳӳǷסؽɳӳǷ¡
ԭҲȴ֣۶ˡ
ΪսΪңмػڣɳ·ڵĴǽȫ˽̼ͷ档
ĽҪĹؽ
ѡѡȥɳӳڵĹһϣգ̴˴Ĺ
Ѳ˾Ĵ̽̽Ūǵģʲôľ֡
ĿǰΪֹѾȥǧྫǴʼʩӦٴɳӳǡ
εĻ˵£Ȼ֪ˣ;Բ
β֪ͨϺӺϺӺɳӳǷܱںʵľ븽ĵפ
ٴɳӳǷµ̴ΪջǰʣȴһӸ˻ȥ
֪ļƻѾ¶Ѿͣ˷ɳӳǵļƻʼʵʵؽɳӳǷ¡
⼸ĹλɹѲ˾İ׮ľֽţһ֧ƫʦݲݸ˸ı䡣
֧ƫʦȴе
ϵҶٲҲ䣬ŵһ½ժ
˵ҶԶɳӳǧ֮⣬ɳӳΣҶȴָơ
ⲻһһϦ飬Ҷڲûڿ£ڿạ̇̄
Ǹ
ʵǿߵһȫƿصС磬ҲЩǿߵĲƸ֮ʵ֮
ǣҪǿҪ̨ǿԣҴˣ١
ҶȴֲͬҪΪҶΪԡʵһҶ汳һȫС鴫ôҶͻΪеɮ⡣
ֻҪеʵģҧһڡ
ԣ֮ǣҶʵ
Ҷǿ˭˸ǣ˭ҴҶ⣿
Ҷھ룬ܹǿأ
Ҷһʱ뵽ССѣҶʵܹɿ
С£ȴǼ
ֻĲܹ챾ԴϢ
ڶҸǿޱȵĺ̨
Ąֹ̊́ϵ˵ܹˣƴ⣬ҪõʲôıҪʲôĴۡ
أҶܹԼսķ
һ½ֻ̫źצҶܹǸȡǾǵǿߣҶҲԴӦԡ
Ҫȡ̫źצҶĿǰĺΪԶԶһŬķ
һأˡ
Ԫ鰢֮ǰ˵ĵطӡҪƿľͻӵпͨ
Ҷ飬Ԫ鰢벻ȽֵĿͨʲô
ǣͨͷͬһ㣬Ҷ֪ͨÿһΪ
ο졯֣ɲܹȥġ
Ҷţһ˵طӡݣôͨ϶ȵҶ
Ҷڴ
ҪǣھɳӳǷ¼֮Ҷ淢֣ĵطӡݣƺʲô̫顣
ֻҪҶðգٴѡһ¹ƵǸס컯⹥ȻҶˣܹĵطӡݸˡ
ӶõǸµĿͨ
˵ʵҶ˼ȥĿڶʱʵķУƺһпԣеðա
һ±ʲôӦһˣҶ͵شһս
ҲڴʱҶ΢΢һ𣬾òõ뱱ϵĸݣͻȻ;ҵ
Ҷһ䣬ϵԼѵǱб䣿


1620 㳯Ŀ
ˣʹʥּּȿ̷ְżֽĸ֮д
ְ
ּЩͻȻʼ¡ǸҶʱ䣬ʱŹ࣬ôͻȻְأ
Ҷ汾ΪǱˣû뵽ʥּ١
ʥּԭģУʴּĹûĽҶʵ
ܿģʥּԭĸҶһͨҶĺϸ
ʥּⶫɲǴʥһ仰ܹΪʥּʥּ϶ǻʵۿ˼ѧʿٵּȻɻʵ۹Ŀַǳ׼ȷ
Ҷ淢֣ʥּϣȿ̷ְȴû޶ʱޡ
ЩͬѰͨ£ְʥּȷ涨ʱޣȻʱҲ̫
ʥּȴû޶ʱޣ൱ĹŹ֣ʶҶôһʡ
ܿģԴŹζĸݶ洫ˣּĹ˵ˣмѻҪԼ㣬˵
ѻ֣Ҷ͵شһսҶ沢̫Ⱥ壬ѻҶʵǼܲס
ĸԻҶ潻
֮󣬺ܿģĸǱ߾ʹһϸɤȷҶ̫֮˵ҶʱСĴһ仰
뽲̫еڣػʹ̫ܹ㳯˭
˵ҶǰЩǼ֮󣬲ܹء
ǣʱ䲻ܳ¡Ǵּ̫˵
ּ̫仰ʱҶ֪ʼһͻȻ´ʥְּΪʲôˡ
ʣΪɳӳǷ±һ¡
ҶǰЩǣ浽е飬ֻһ
㳯ǰЩǼ£仰˼ɾͶˡ
һܽݶҶ档
һ棬㳯Ҷ棬ҪӦ¡߰Ŵµβ֮󣬲ְܷ
֮⣬е˼Ҷ޷Ӧ£ǾòҪء
̬ȥƺأ
ĿǰԣȻʼ¡ʥּҶЩ⣬ģȫҶԤ֮С
֪ˣҶĳܹ˵һллҶҲҴţȻ㳯ţô˵㳯Ѿ֪Ǽйˡ
йصʲô̶ȣҶţƿشؼ㳯Ҳ֪顣
ϣҶȴȷһ¡ǾǴܵ۹ʼ¡̬ȡ
Ҷģ˵ǸɳӳǷļһġ
ԽԽˣ֪Ὣ̶ֳֵȡ
УҶ±˫ϸϸ
£ҶҪģҪȽԸժȻλˮ㡣

ɫ£󣬼ǰѾԲգͽҶԭӥԼսԲ֮ҹҶ棬ִɵ
ٽɵȻѾɵһһֵȾĴʱڣɵܱߣɡ
Ӱһһ˷ɵۡ
ǰ˳ƱӥԭӥԼսʮϢѾȾĴᴫ˷
һǰдߴ˷ɵ۹Ϊľǹۿһսһʮķɡ
ǿʮɵʷĵһλʮ
ȻǸ˵ӵ鱦սʮˣҲǵԸ
⺣ߵɵϣһСߣ
һǰԼսıӥǰִɵ⺣˲Ϣ˾ۼɵϵǵ顣
λҶһսõıӥڻŵԭӥԳ֮󣬾ϥ߽붨Ϣë־һ㣬ɢϢЩ赲ʮ֮⡣
һ²ԭӥɭǰɵϵ緢֮ɫȻȫһſĿԵγˮ
ںƺĹƾˣ֮ժͲµĸʵɹ֮󣬻˶һۣһͶС
صĴԭӥù˱ϲŭ޳񣬾عëߣҪСġ
Ǹֻû𣿡Ϣãһɭԭӥ۾
Ŀǰδټԭӥһȴǰ̾Ϣһ
²˳Ǹħ˺ƺܴ֮б䡣
ԭӥԣܵǺ£ĳɳкôɾͲһǺôˡ
һսܹնɱãܵͿնȴһħΪ˵
Լʱ䣬һҹһ죬ػ˵ԭӥһһ죬¶һɭɭ
ٵһ죬Բ֮ҹǰǾȥһȦԴйߡԭӥЦ
У÷е壬ǡ
ôţˣ£ɱ˽ٲƵǿȥ˵ʵǿ£һûһΣһҪһ¡ԭӥǸһ˿ѪЦ⡣
ǵūǽٲɱ˵ǿζԥһ£ǴӦԭӥ
ԭӥŭٻйԺҪġ
ҷҸӡ
˵䣬һ߷˸Уøüëһ
ոյǹӶ߷ϢѾϱ߽ɵˣԼǰˡ
˵ţͷȴһֲôĸо֮ǰ˵ˬԼͷȻĪɡ
һˣͷȻһֲԤС
ܵģԲܵģһΣڴΪ֮һʤģԲ䣡ݺݵҡҡͷͷֵǵ˦Ժ
ˣ
ԭӥ͵ֱ壬ǳһʵʵ⣬һɲǣԭӥɢϢȻ۷塣
Ҷ֮
֮ǰһ֮ǰҶںƺаԭӥʱԭӥصΪ
ڣһ²ԭӥΪȻؿ쭵۷塣
ȣ˵һߣǶԴȱţҲʮĹ
ܺãҪңһڣҪҵľ̻۷״̬ԭӥ
ԭӥһٴеģոյҶ棬תѾΪĳھ帣ڣ̹̹ǧ̵źϴ˸ˮ衣
ȻһʳƵķɽɵĸۡ
εԲ֮ҹĴսɲǴսô򵥡
ãһйĺϢ뻵Ϣĸһ棬ɽ䭾ͳҶ˵


1621 Ӧ
Ϣɡ۽ʲôĻϢԸܸһ¡Ҷɽݺõ
ϷΪϢġɽҶ˲ˮʵϢϢһġ
費˵ɣʲôϢҶ˵
ǵȾĴϷǷ𣿡ɽͻ˵
Ҷһ͵ֱ壬Ŀⶢɽ䭣ϣҵôϢˣ
ʱŽ˰꣬ͣʵǳҶϡ
Ҷ͵ģܹ䱾Դˮľ֮һѶȺܴ
ûȷʵϢǺϢǣϢԣȴһϢɽ˵
ô˵ҶĿⶨĿɽ䭡
Լһǰһã˵ҪͣӴԱõĹѯʺǼǡ
ϧǣֻڿͷ˵ҵһпԲ䱾ԴľǺʲôĻ·֡ժȡѶȵһŲ˵
Ӧ͵ҪӰ޷ṩ
ԣʱҪȡ͵Ҫ󡣡
˵һ䣬Щָ͵ľ飬ˣҪɻءƭȡ͵ˡ
͹ڱǸȡ͵Ҫֱֵ֮ķǳг⡣
Ȼһٱʾǻƭӣ̸¡
²ҪͣҲҪ棬̸£ϴˢǶĻɡ
ɽָйɵߵ棬ø͵Ĺϸоһ˵֮ƶϳ˵Ŀġ
Ŀģ
ûƶϳ˵ĿģΪ˼㣬֮ͼıɽ˵
ôͼıʲôҶʵ
ʲôɽֱ˵˵
۸ǣȾĴ֮ļ۸ѽ֮ǰֹ۸ڲͣǡ
żֵҲһɢϵĶûм˵ʮˡ
ǸͣһʮţǱ˶ˣӦжﻹ٣ԲŻðͣ˵꣬ɽ䭾ĿƵĿҶ档
ҶĿһ˵ϣ㲻ҲΪɣ
ϷΪǼλ£ҲΪġȰϷܹϵλѡϷȰλѽʣµóû߼۳֣׬һʡ
ҪȻȻһʱ䣬ĹӦָ۸ͻٻ䣬ǿɾͿˡ䭿Ҷ˵
ϲҸ˰ɣҶƲƲʵҶ䭣ӦҪ»ָȴˡ
ΪģĹӦ֮һħ԰ѾҶһˡ
ȾĴʱҶóʮ͵ʱ򣬱֪ͣڲһЩ֮ҶЩò׼ˡ
ʮ֮ǰֵҲǾ޴󣬶ĹӦֵԽԽߡ
Ļ֪᲻ü͸ˡ
ʮڣҶνؼͱҶ滹ҪҵСѵء
ȥҶֲ뱩¶Լӵвͱӣֻͨɽˡ
ϾҶҲõһԱڼʶλ֮ͨҶģӦÿֵš
գҶɽ䭣֣֮ѵ壬Ƿͣ˽һС
ô᣿ɽʧЦϷεˣһԾŶ˵ˣϷǳ˭ҲСӡζ˵
ȷʵҲˣԼõġԼҶָͷ
Ҷ䭣裬Ҷ滹ø䭳ԡ
ʮţ࣬ڴ߶ԣҲˡ
Ҷ۾գ˼£û˵ðɣʵҶ˵ٿţȻɶʮţҶҲͲˡ
ЦЦҶȡɽ䭵ǰ
ɽüëһʲô˼Ϸ򵱳ʲôˣ
ϣСӵһ⣬鷳ô£ҪǲգһôڡǶУڿܵ£ɼֹȥõóĸֿɲࡣҶ˵
е£ϷȻӣĿǰɹȥĸ⣬ϷѾ붯λ޵ʦ֣£ڶиǱޣһ£Ͼܹõ֧Ԯ˵
޵ʦ֣
Ҷͫһɽ仰̺ϢɲСɽʲôΪ۷壬ٽһǾǰ벽Ĵˡ
ܱɽ䭳ΪʦֵˣʲôĴأ
ʵãҲǰ벽пǵĴڡ
֮ҶĶУѾǰǰˡ
˵÷ֺŸ֣һд䣬ȫΪʦηɰǳȡʱ䡣
ҪĻϸˣС鷳࣬㲻ա
ҶһӺ֮ɽǿ
ҶСӣ飬ϷˣϷȱǮƣҪţؼʱ˵һż飬Ϸˡ˵
ϣﻹʮ˿ţҪǲٸ㼸ţҶ浱ʾ
ɽȴǼˣҶţﶼⲻȥˣҪǾǲҪˡ
ʵҶҲǲ֪ɽ䭶Ϊʲô֮ãһֲʵĸо
ԣҶ䭵ôлҲһϵ
ԭҶĿǰң͸ٰʮŵģƵģϾСèһ춼Ҫ̵üٿһٿҲûʲô
ǣҶ治ҶͰ
䭲ɵҪ͵ĶˣԴһתܹҶﻹи
֪䭻᲻̰ġ
䭲̰ģǲС©˷ǿǻҶ鷳
ˣǻǺ°ɣйǸͣߵжϣʮа˾⣬ûԲҪܾɣñ˸ˡ˵
Ҷüͷһ£ϣأ׵ģҺҪ

ԺСҲȫųɣϷ򽻴ȥø͵ĹǸ˴𸴡
˵߾ǸӦ̫򵥣ûκмֵ߲Ͽɡ
ͬʱٸҪҪȷǺҪڵصӰԼժȡѶȺͿܻΣա
ЩǲܻӦе͡
ҪôͲʧˡɽ䭻˵
˼һ£Ҷ汾ðǼһ棬һ֮ǰֱµ˱֮£Ҷ;ģɽ䭽ľеġ
ȻˣǾͰ˵İ졣
ã
ɽ䭵ͷ֮࣬Ȼ˼֣ôڣСʵңĴսмɰգ


1622 ͷ
ɰգ
ɽ䭵⣬ҶһȣЦϣأ쿴žǡ
ȻҶ沢ûشɽ䭵⣬һ仰ȴֱ¶ޱȵġ
ԣָҶЦСӿɲܿϷ򰡡ԭӥԲ֮սѾ麣⡣
ʮǰ˿ʼ̿ˡϷ׬׬һʡ
Ҳȱʯ
䭸Ҷ淭һİۣ˭ȱʯ߶ʯ⣬Ƿ˶Ǯ׷һԶûֹ
˵Ϸ򣬾Щ˵е컯ˣĸȱʯ
˵һɫԲ֮սΪǰս̫߽࣬˲ͶӰԱճ㹻ռս
Ƕռս
ǵĵ̣ΣܵøԼ˴һȻɣ˵԰ɣ䭺ٺһЦ
ô鷳Ҷİ˰֣ǸԭӥҪսռ䣬սռ䣬ν
һ㣬ĿҶ棬ٴαҶ汬ĸˡ
Ҷֹ̬ţֱǱʤıﰡ
ʵҶδԪ֮ǰҶҲûôģ˻ֻеǿ߲͵Ԫ֮սɱҶڵġ
Ҷϵģɽ䭵飬Ȼʮֵ࣬ϰڷղ豭
һ豭е߷ˮһ豭򵹵ģɽһ
ʱˮĲ豭ˮε㸲˲ٲˮ߷ˮıӣȻڲͣĻΣȴûлγһ˿ˮ
䭶Ҷ۾ǫ棡
ҶһҶ˵ʲôּԹǴɣ
ҹ˴ιۣ֮ͻսǣȴ򲻿С
ԭӥ˭
ǿõǿΪū۷ǿΪ͵ĴڣվʲôĴڣϷ˵ɣ
˴Բ֮սѪ֮ս϶ʮ׼
˵ģΪ̶̰ʹͻƵ۷壬һ㣬һܹģ
ԣӵ鱦鱦ĺôûޣųΪϵ
Ϊһ˽أ鱦ɾͲһġ
㣬ȻС
ǳ̬ϷȰ㣬ǲҪսĺã
˵һ仰ʱɽѾɫ·һҶ鸮֮УֱҶ߲ѣѾסˡ
ѵǣСܽˣҶæ˵
ȻܽˣǾȥɣһһҹĹ򣬺˼̬Ӧս˵
߳ɽ䭵լԺҶĺͻȻһķ
˵ʵԴϹħԪ֮Ҷս쭣һ־ɳӳǷ¡
֪䣬ҶѾЩˡ
֮ǰҶѾԭӥˣҶɵģԭӥߵĵǿ߸
ǣɽ䭵ĵͷȣȴҶ涸ش˹
ԭӥȺ̨˵ĴڣܹСӵģ֪ʲôɱУ
ԣԭӥ꣬Ӧǽһ¾ͽΪ۷һ㣬ֵҶˡ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷ뵽ĸ֡
ʦѣ
ʲôʦѣɽ䭣ʦѣ
ֻǣҶһֱףΪʲôôأ
ص帣ӣҶ浱һڤ׼
֪ԭӥֶΣӦλ⣬ԢڹηԼƵȵȡ

ɵҹɵȴûͬһ㰲Խˡ
һһ⣬˷ɵһһҵۡһֻһֻݣһһɵ
ǿ̻ɵЩݡƹݡ¥ҹţ¼۸ѾÿһҲУѾϯ
ɳ˴ѲЩΪһż䣬¶Ҫˡ
һɷϡ
ǣǿʼѣɫ۹ԽԽˡ
ɵѲͳƣ컹δʱɵѾȥȾĴ߷ʱ
սϣ߼һڻսҪսߣΧˮйͨ
ģ龰ɽõĴִ´ʯˡ
Ѳһ£һɽðŲֵģԲ֮ҹѲţͬɽðŵģʯ
ûϵȻȾĴҪࡣ
Ҫ΢ìܣٴһ£ǾҪӵġ
һ˴ˣҪεģɽδִ£βɽá
˼Ϣ֮󣬻Ĵʯֱ붯ɽõˡ
ĵǿޱȵĵϢɵϿѲһȦʱúܶ߰ɽôʯ޴ִ£䵽ʱĨһѶͷ亹
ֵһһ£´żλʦޡʯһ䡣
ԴҶѡ֮󣬴ʯôҶô˳ۡ
ƫƫʰҪõĹ֮ڣôʯӵĲˬ
ڴͬʱɽҲ¶ˣһԲ֮ҹһսѲɽøҵϵ飬Ϊйأɽ䭸
ô⣬˴׬ǮʢᣬôܷŹأ
Ը̿ڣ뿪̿ڵ̼ң຦ǧЩͶӰܱ̯̼߰ңǶţë
ЩȻҪһԹʣȴʱ⣬¹̼̿ҡ
бˣ̿ڱ֤
ǺԲ֮սûԲ֮սǣϥˣȴæĲɿ
ʱ֮ÿʱִɵִﵽһС߷塣
ʱ̣һⶸػʣһͷѹޱȵ⣬ش֣߽߳ķ
ǵɢһĪ׺ֵ֣ɲǣɵеͣĪӡ
ˣ˲źȻ֣
ȻһͷɢޱȿֲϢ
ͬʱɾϥҶ棬鸮ڵĺ΢΢һҶȻһɵýĿͶʡ

ȻǱȱǽӽצѪҪ߹ǿצѪ
Уոսٵ߽Ͽյצ˶Ŀһ帣ӵķ΢΢һתһ˿ɻ
һĻȴûκע⣬ʱ˵Ŀ⣬ȫǸվצͷϡĵɵϵĳꡣ
һг𾪻𾪡
צǿֱ̫ϵᣬޱȣ壬Ҳһ԰ޱȣڣȴĸԸһ̤ͷǣ꣬ʲô
ǿͬʱԭӥԵһ򲻶κ˼ԴɫĸȴǿһޱӲЦݣӭ꣡


1623 Ž
ūү߽ϵԭӥûжǻԭӥĸë֣ȴͬʱǰμ
еǲͬͿԿëֵݲ
ëȻǰԳūμʱֻǹֹǸë֣еȴǹݴ
ȴǿûëһۣվŹţͷһζĿԭӥ
˵壬ģսʾûУҲӭһ£ԭӥ˵
һֱ˫ԭӥ˫͵һЦ磬˵Цɣǳ̫߳
壬˵ģҿǺ绨˺ЩĹ򣬲Ÿϵġ
ܸʲô

һԭӥָɳһöָûׯ̵ģүѺԭӥʤûиҽעģ
£˷ȺУЩׯģɧ˵ĶŴԭӥзɳöָ׷ڲ²жٲƻ
壬ƣɣһţʤʣǿע㻹˵ҲģԭӥЦ
ǲôԭӥǷЦݣһЦЦĸо
ԣԭӥƲһ£һŵӡ

ôܣ
̨Ǻˡ
ģԭӥ׳ȥöָͷ·һ㣬ڰУ붨ĹվĸëγһޱȵĻ档
ʱһƹƵķգЦŶԭӥԭүСŲţԸԭүѺע
ĿǰСԭүһɣעѺĴʿܻµ
Ҫӣ
ԭӥͷҲû̧ҪӮˣ𣿡
СſｻһƷʯı֤ġƹ˵
һƷʯı֤𣿻湻İԭӥ͵һ̧ͷһָöָ֪үҵöָжٲƻ𣿡
ƹЩΪѣ⻰˵ˣ¶Էˣǻǵþһ㡣
ԭүֻҪһǧƷʯڵעСͳͳ𡣡
һǧүǴָУƷʯһǧ飬˵ߵƷʯƷʯƷʯƷʯˡ

ԭӥһըһŭ߳ͽƹŵĴеȥ·Ǵ󺣣Ҳûʲô
ǧүöָмֵǧƷʯĲƻԾµģ
һЩԾԾԵ̼ңʱʹùġ
ǧĶעɲǺýӵġ
ң˼ȻԭӥӮ
ҪȻôѺôĶע
˵ţԭӥٴθ¸һЦô壬ҹɣҿɰѸոõֵҵϽ͹ǰʮ棬ȫѺˡ֧֣Ŭɣ
ԭӥٴηһİۣǾⳡսӮӻɣ

ԭӥĴһָҪǹЩǣ뿴һޱȵսȴûʱ
ǡʱ䣬˳ǿķɣ
˳׬㻨ǮֻǴҪģ
Χ۵ʱ͵һѺǧƷʯֻΪ׬㻨Ǯ
˱ˣǡ
ͿŰɣëֱֻԭӥͺһһֱĸ͹ŵë֣Ÿϳ
ԭӥٺһЦһʮ˿˸⻪ʱͷգ⻪תȦ֮ʮ˿ؾۺһһ˸߿С
һ֣ԭӥоһķɳһǧ˰ٿ鼫Ʒʯû֮С
ɲǼ䣬̷˴ĿĹ⻪ԶԶȥʱų⻪̣Ȼһڸ߿յ۾һ
ʲôԭӥü
Ǽ³һС⣬ΪŽһ߶ͿԶڲͬľŸˣŽܱǧΡ
Ƕ뿴λͨظֵĹҴ󷨹
ԭӥ˵ţȴ̾ϧţãɾ̫ʯһʱҪһǧ˰ٿ鼫Ʒʯ
ҽҪǲ׬㱾Ǯǿˣ
ԣԭӥȧһͻһڸ͵ҧһ
֪ܲЩ˰ԭӥ뿴Ц
ԭԼսʮϧͳԼսͨߵˡ
֪ӮˣЩˣɻЦ
ţֻҪӮˣֻҪսʤʮʱͻ¡
ʱЩţĳЦȫҪ졣
Ĵ½õĳɾͣκ˶޷񶨵ġ
ԭӥɫģһ£տڣԭӥ͵֪ôúţҪϢ
˵꣬ԭӥͱ۾ԭӥȴƢ
ϰˣȻû˽ҵע˵Ĵ½縻ޱȣ˰죬ȻܹҶע̼Ҷû𣿡
˵ɵͽ
ⲻҪעֵʮңעɣ
ɵǡ
ԭӥȺʱɽ䭵ӰͻأĳС
ԭӣĶעϷýˡɽ˵
ԭӥǳһ˿żЦݣޣ˸ҽˣǲǽܵѹͣŸҵעɣ
ʵ˵ǽܵѹʲô̶ȣһһɣһɣ
һɣ
ԭѺ٣ķѺ٣ԭӥʣ춼һɣɽ˵
һɡ⼸ֳڣȴһʯǧˣõλһЩִ¹ɵˣڳɽôִ´ʯҲɵˡ
жӿһ뷨õģһɣ
Ҫ֪ùٷʣһҪ͵ģǰЩǶõԭӥʣһһ尡
ڵãֱӷһ
Ҫǣ䭽µģһǧƷʯľ޶Ѻע޶Ѻע֮󣬻д߸ע
ۼɵܱߵߣѾʮˡ
ֻ֮һעǧʯҲڰҪԭӥˣȥģҲҪڿƷʯ
ʧڿƷʯǶöԣҲһʾ޴ʧҪ˽ˡ
һˣɽôִ´ʯҪֹɽ䭡
Ҳڿڵɲǣʯͷһȴ͵ر͡
о޶ʧðɽõģõ˸ġ
ʱ׷Ҳ׷õΣɽ޹ء
ңʱɽûԳڶһʵȨѹһͷ
ҪܹеĲȨһ֣ǿɾ׬ˡ
һɲǣʯޱȵϣԭӥӮ䣡


1624 Ҳô˵
ɵϣ컹δڣҹĻδ٣Բս֮ʱٻʱ߾ӿ߽ܱߡ
ԭӥǱҪ﷽Բսգɵ֯ߣֻԭӥ߽Ϊģ˷Բս
Բս֮ǰ޳ʮսռ䣬Ǵʮֹ
һԣѾһսռˡ
ߣҪǹս̫ˣҪûйսߣս㣬ݺҲǳе¡
ǹ̫ˣൽöʼͷˡ
ʮڰһͣߴ˷ϹڳС
Ҫʮÿ˶¡Ӱ䣬ɲһ׵¡
˭ԭӥеľŽýͶӰùҲܹͶӰԲĴ龰
ԣսС
ңľ룬Ŀ˵߶ԣȻԶ۰ߺõ»ܹһԡ
֮սܱߡϵ¾ܹߣάѹ
ûս֮󣬸ոҹߺȵĸѺעͱޱȵĻ𱬡
ѺעȴЩˡ
Ѻע𱬵ͨЩĸߵ˽˵ڣ죬õĹٷڴһſͬʱһٸ̨ÿ̨Ҳϰ˵ĳ
ҲͽֻһͶעʱĳҪȻעһ㣬Ҫӡ
СѺʮʮƷʯȡ֣Ѻǧʮ򣬾һʡ
֮Գԭ
ԴõڸĹ֮ǵһ޿ʱЩ˽˵ڸߡ
ǰ䭶ԭӥĳŵһ㣬öԭӥӮʣһֱȶһɣжѺ䡣
ǶҶӮʣȴֻܵͣһһɡ
˴ʲ죬䭸Ľͺܹٷ޵ʮʮʵ
ڶԭһοĵڣ֮ǰ޵עԵע涨ޣעûޣֻҪ£þ͸⡣
仯ǰ޷ùٷڴǮĶͽˡ
֮ǰԭӥѺԭӥǧƷʯıʣٲ֪磬ǿɾɵˡ
ҲΪˣЩ˽˵ڣԭӥӮʿߵģҲһһ壬һɻһһɡ
ǿ޹ٷڵעųɳҲ
ԭӥѺǧƷʯ
ǿǧƷʯʮ򣬶ǧƷʯ
ݾ޶ĲƸųɾŵĵǿ߶ò
ԭӥһ۷ߣȴ˳
ټԭӥԸǿΪūٿףǾɵˡ
ԭӥԭӥǴͷǵıǵĵпǴ˵е컯ˣ
ңڰǰĿҶԭӥһսߣǾķ֣ԭӥΪ֮ڴؿ쭵۷塣
ʱ䰡
컯˲еֶΣ
֮пԭӥ컯˸Ԥˣ
˭Ӯ˭䣬һĿȻ
ԣעԭӥߣرࡣ
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ѾʮڿƷʯʤģȫҲոǧƷʯѡ
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ʱޱεսϿʼ
ֻҪԭӥӮˣڣɽþͻ˴ɵĴˣٶȨ
ʱɽþͻΪڵһãʯõĴִ£õĴִ¡
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Ϊսе߶ԶԶĸսʮĵطеǿߵϢѾĵӵĵ
һԸšԸǷԲĴػ磬ڷɿĲš
ģһԲ˰գԲ֮ҹйսߵӵڴʱʱɵ帣ӵķһۡ
˶֪ﱸս
ϧǣڴ񣬲ûϵ
ȴûһ˳Բ֮ҹֻԼԲ֮ҹûԼҹʱģֻǵȡ
Ϊʲôû
ͷǿޱȺ纣ɢſֲѹϢͣʾ֮⣬£
Ҷûг֣ԭӥҲɮ붨һ߽ϣɢصϢ˷·Ѿ߽Ϊһ塣
һһ䣬ƺһ㣬ԭӥơϢھĵ֮Ѿﵽ۷״̬
ʱһһϢĹȥ½ߣ翪ʼ˻𣬵ûз֡
ͻȻ䣬ԭӥ˫ʵʵ⣬رֱͶɵķһ˻ա
ͬһɲǣһֱצϼµԭ˫һ̤ͷһŲǣצ˻һԭӥޱȵգ˸߿ܲȺС
ʱһ˱צײĹǶϽۡ
ϢɲǼֶצצһٸҲҶ
ԭӥȴǰͷЦſźգһб㶯һµ˼
գϢɢûʲô
ԭӥҲʶȤûٴεҡ
״Щռλá˵λҲֻܴݺѪ̡
ǿ߶Ҷԭӥôأ
˳ưͿô
ɵһߣҶ߽Ʈһ˶ĻӶţÿһλӶҶοһ֡
ҶĵսΧǣҲɧ
ǣûκ˺߳ûκָӣҶ·ֶûгڣֻҪҶ֮еߣԶÿһͨ
һʱ䣬Ҷ澲˼˺ܾãҲҶ潫ⳡս׵
ζԸԭӥҶҲһ硣
ԭӥóٶȣսὫٶƼķӳԣҶͽܾòõӥƷʰ
ӥƷٿԽҶٶϡ
ˡԭӥĲ
Ҷ˵䣬ƳһԶԭӥµצ
飬ɽ͸˵ˡ
Ҷһ£ͷ֣ԭӥĿǰ״̬ԣûƺǼµӰ졣
ңҶӦУԭӥɽ纣һ޷ֺĸо
ӦԭӥѾǼĺ鱦߶
ƺҶǧͨԭӥȴԭӥޱȽ
һսɣԭӥޱȵ˵
ǰ޵һսҲô˵ӮȴңҶ˵
һԭӥǣ΢ɶĳ鶯һ¡


1625 ߿
ػ⣬ǿǿĿøԭӥ΢ĳ鶯
ø̾һ
ʤ£̫ںˡ
ʱ̫ںһ£ͻᱻ±Ӱ졣
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ԼԵ̬ǰѾȫһ
ߣԼΪǣ鱦ᷢӳ
ǰһսʤʤˡ
ңԼܹڰΪǣǿĵ̵ģǵʵ뱩ǣȴûǸܡ
սħһնͿ˳ͻƵʱʵӭһֵı
߽ս⣬˸⣬߶ڲ²һսʤ
󲿷˱ԭӥһѺעסˣΪԭӥʤôһСˣ¼
Ҷ˵Ａζˣ֪ҶԭӥԲ֮ҹԼսԸɴûߣɵǱ˰꣬ȵľǿһս֮ٸظҡ
ʱ˾һš
ԭӥһ߲ƣΪʱô࣬ҾģһΣܴĻʣܸߴ˳ɣζȱԼ뷨
һۣȴǻҡҡͷĿǰӱϿԭӥʤʺܸߣʤʷǳ͡
ǣǻһ£ǰ޵սһʤǿ
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һҾľһ̬ԭӥӮûôף
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Ϊأضѡҡ
һǸˣζԭӥӮȴĵСӲԳ֮
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ûֱӸֳ£תͷԶһſϰٸڡ
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⡭Ｘζһ¡
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ɽ䭵أԭӥȭͷ͵һ߬ĺ鱦ڤɽشԺ֡
һΣһ
죬ɣ
ƿԭӥѾڵҶǰףǰڤɽӭ籩ǣһǧ׵ɫ޽һޱȵĹ켣Ҷ浱ͷ¡
һɲǣؼ䣬ƺڤɽ֮¡
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ҶҲǳصģԪ飬Ĺͨǳɱɱıǡ
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ɲܹңҪ֣͹㵱мýҡ
⶯һɲǣҶͰ˼ɲǼ侫׼ޱȵǰס
йսߵĿⶼԭӥƾ˱޿ɱܵһ
һɲǣ˵ĿⶼһǸȻֻ
Ȼ˾ʹͣԭӥڤɽһһӸոҶҶԺĳ
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˲Ϣ䣬˶ˣ۹⣬̫˰ɣ
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öôŸ˷ɧλ
ԭЩԭӥ͵һֱҶĿⶸһ䡣
һɲǣһ߿յԭӥȴƵֱѪ
ǣܵģںߡ
֮Ҷָ˸꣬תżХźԭӥ
ùǣԭӥʱڷٵҶ棬ģȥԭӥҶꡣ
İ䣡
£ԭӥ㿪ܡ
ԭӥҶ̫꣬ںһУԭӥҶӲ˲ĺ鱦ս
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΢ս͸ԭӥͷֱ̾ԭӥҼͷ
ͬʱԭӥȫע˺鱦ڤɽ߶ڤɽ۷ն
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䣡
һöԭӥ͵رⱬɲǣԭӥͷһƺǰһ
ͬʱһöҲ
䣡
ĿĻǻɽ緢һɲǣһеĸоԭӥ͵һ鶯
ܵķӦ֮£ԭӥڵͷһעս֮ڡ
һɲǣڻɽ緢һǰԭӥαĵɶ
ɳȥɲǣԭӥͷ̾ͷӰޱȵĲҽ
ͷӰʼɿĵԭӥսǹһ㻯ɢ
ԭӥһѸٲ飬ȴޱȵ𾪣
ⲻ԰
ǰһô䶼䲻Ƶս죬ôһ¾ͺˣ
ս⣬Ҳɵˡ
ⲻѧ
˵ܹǼ鱦ӵĸˣӦøɣӦ
ǺôҲǺ鱦
սҲɵˣǹۿ޵ԭӥһսߣǾˡ
Ʋѧ
սÿ쭶ٲܴﵽ̶ֳȰ
ӣΪడ
ǰѺԭӥʤЩߣһĻһʱЩѺ˴ʯһʵˡ
ҶȴƲƲ죬ģֻ꣬Ŀǰǿ꣬ûжء
ҶҲƲƲ죬ʧ
ĿһҶͷŵ׹⻪һа׾ͻһߣԶԭӥ
Ҷʼ


1626 ɷ
ҶаףЮʤ׷֮
Ҫ֮ǰԭӥҶаףҲ
к鱦սڣа׶ɲʲô˺
ҪǣԭӥΪƾĺ鱦սոձҶˡ
Ȼԭӥ˿ĶڵѪа׺ĺëը
а׵ԭӥ̨£Σǿߣа׺У˵аױ̺ĵ⣬Ϳһʱ䡣
ҲϢҲôһɲǡ
һɲǵʱ䣬ֳܹʤˡ
ŵһ㼲ܹаףԭӥͫף͵˼£ɢ겨һɲǼͿ߶˼¡
ֲ͵֣վҵһ£֮ģԭӥҶа׺䵽Ϸһɲǣ֮һ㣬ʩչӥݿͨʧУܹһ
һĻһɡ
һսԭӥ׼ļΪ֣ʵϵľ޴֮⣬ԭӥо׿ԿҶĽ
Ŵɱֻǵһ׽
ԭӥʩչӥݿͨ˵Ѿʼڶ׷Ľࡣ
ʥӥӥݿͨĿռ֮ͨһʩչûǱڤɽնɱĽǿߣҲнˡ
ֻҪ࣬ôԭӥһӮµıЩϡ
һ㣬ޱȵļš
ϧЩ飬ζ벻
ռ䲨һҶ͵һ뵽ԭӥӥݿͨ
ԭӥӥݿͨڤɽĿֲҶ̹
һ޴սʱԭӥʩչһӥݿͨҶͱԭӥ̨׷ɱġ
׷ɱļֱţ·󣬻ƾݶߣһ㴭Ϣ֮
ңǻΪ޵̨ռ̫С޷ԭӥӥݿͨӳԭ
һΣԲս㹻ԭӥʩչ
ҶȴԭӥʩչĻᡣ
һΣԭӥʩչӥݿͨʱҶĽͨǿܸӦһ˿ռ䲨ӦʱҲˡ
һΣҶȴ¾պ⡣
ӺƺժԭӥĹӣ¾պ⡣
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ʱ̫̣Ҷ֪ԭӥϾͻƿɱһĶһ㣬ԭӥͻƿ뿪ԭء
ҶĽػҲͻʧЧ
ԣҶһӣõٶ졢꣬ǿȴҪһʱꡣ
ҶĪպľٶػĻսĸɽ䭡ζＡ͵һ
ΪƺЩͬѰ
Ҳ˻Ѱ˼ɲǣǴͻȻ䲨һ£ԭӥ⣬شбֳ

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ܵģԭӥǰƯڤɽع⻪ţҶ걬ɲǣҲһϸޱȵɫ⡣
һɫ⣬Ҷ걬Ļʱָ棬Ҷһ֡
һɲǣԭӥĲҺ쳹һ˶˻ıơ
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ǻëֳĻɢŵǿϢⶸ£ͽëѹĲֺܶ
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ԭӥǸ컯ˣͲҶǵöģ˵ˣһԭӥҶɱˣµһᷢ
һĵǿ߶ϣǺ֪
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ҶҪɱԭӥַϢĸɵԭӥֲ¶Լܵõôõԭӥ鱦
ԲǰĿ֮¸ɵԭӥ
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Ϣ纣ԭӥյλǿߣҶóѵġ
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ҪǵСٺݶһ㣬ɾ͸˴鷳ˡ
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ԭӥҲΣõЩǿߣǲӵնɱԭӥġ
ԭӥԣȴնɱ
ԭܼ򵥣Ϊõˣԭӥԭӥսĺ
ͬһɲǣ߽ͣϿյľŽУԼԼһϧ̾Ϣˬ֮żȡ
ϢսѾ䵽ˮеԭӥƵŻɢĲ鴤ֹͣ
ǿһ˿ԭӥͲĵ̲ס鴤
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ʱˡ¶˿ȫںˮУǾʹ֪
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ԭӥɲǣëַһ˺ѷΰĿ޺
Ҳ޺սܱ߱ս˵ǣ˲Ϣ䷴Ӧ˹
ԭӥ˰
˵ɫ˲ϢһɲǼò԰ֽЩˣֶ
ԭӥսܣɷ䣿ɽ䭵


1627 ǿߵĵͷ
ԭӥսܣɷ䣿
ɽ䭵һէһ㣬ֱӺ˸ոڲ˻ԭӥԺС
һӣͽԭӥˣҽֹͣˡ
ͷɾӸ¸Ҷ桢ػ翴ɽ䭣ĿеĿĸ˸ỨĶë֡
һеһУʾһ¡ˣ
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ǣڴս֮ǰԭӥƺû䣡
ԣѹûʲô׼
ѹûⷽ׼
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ۣͷ·һѼ⵶һ㣬嵽֮ϣ
Ƶǣⳡսƺûá
һ֮ĴսһսֶͨξȻˣսʹ죬޺
һսƺտʼûþͽˣĺֶܶζûãȫ׼֮еƴ̵ֶҲûϣͽˡ
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ͻȻ䣬ԭӥƤˢһʹ
ս˷Ŀ⣬һһ㣬Ƥ̵ʹ
ԭӥͻȻսǰĺԣһΣɣ
һսһ
һսնɱҶ棡
ʱ˵Щ׳ӦþһСһ㣡
һСһЦ
Լĳ̬ԺĺӢۺܾãЩޱڴЦˡˣҲȫˡ
ʶģԭӥ̧ͷһսϿոǾŽ֪ǾŽ󱳺ˡףǾŽɢĹ⻪һһ㣬˳ϣ
ѹС󡭡衭
Щͷһһɲǣԭӥؿ͵ؾҵһ£һڵɫѪͻһĻߣ˰ա
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һΣëֵȴս˳ڸˡ
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ҵʯ
⼸ܵʯţ
죬̵ıǮ⡭ôأ

ʹĺУҲ֪˭ػĻڵԭӥһɤӣԭģʯ
ԭģƭӣҵѪǮ
ԭģǸث֣ݰţƴļһʯ
Ҫ֪Ǹ廨ͷҾԲѺ˻
ԭǵ˲ϢǺˮһԭӥ
Ҳôǵģ֪´һͷǱ̤צԭӥȥˡ
Ŀһתָԭӥŭڣԭӥµצ޴һ飬ɢɷ֮۾Ͷ˹ȥ
ǱĲһ˿һߵһͻӲİԼҪĻȥ
һӻͿߣĲôˣĿһתָػĻڵԭӥŭ
ػĻ赲Ǽʮ˶޲ǰָԭӥı
ԭӥȴǴˣֱɵˣ
С󣬳ληޱȵĸף˭
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˵ǰ̣ʮѪ絶ŭһǵص
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ģػĻë븣ȴǼˡ
ëּĿ޺ͬʱƴĹػĻ
ȶԣȴ侲ˣĿתһȦ˸еɽ䭡
ٴɫϣŬļһ˿̺ı΢ЦݣȻңңĳɽ䭹ֽ幪ȥ
ɽɫһ䡣
һλǿߵĵͷһλǿߵ
һλǿߵ飡
ףλǿ߷飬ɲػĻԼԭӥô򵥡
ҪػĻԸǿߵʵʱơ
룬һеػսλǿ߽һ£󣬵˵ͷ
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Ҳһɲǣлеĸ͵һ̤ԭЩС͵壬˲Ϣ䱩ǵ˰״СһΣǧ״С
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ǣ̶̵ļϢԭӥΪϢѾ۷䵽۷壡
ëʹޱȵĽԭӥ§ڻһĿ⿴һԭӥеɽ䭣ٴι֣ͷ⡣
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Ҷ˵ںժԭӥĹӣȻ¾պһɻԭӥ
֣ԭӥ̫ǿǴ֮ͥ£治롣
׼飬ա
Ҷ촽ͷ

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ѺˣһΣһʣӮƷʯ
죬Ѻ̫ˣӮǧƷʯʲôȫѺϣ
һС˵ľЩʯǣŭĿӣʹ絶
Ӯ˶٣ӣأӮ˶٣ϲ̵ĽԼӮʯһûûεģζʵ
һһ˵һǵСһ㣬ѺĲ󣬲ѺİƷʯ׬ʮƷʯҪǽҵȫѺȥôҲ׬һƷʯˡ
һƷʯôҲҷſüˡ
ЦЦѺĲ࣬߰Ʒʯ׬һƷʯͷ
ＵĿ⿴˻ζȴ֣ζȺ̼ڣѿҪ
ϾͷӦ˹޶ˣûĻûѺӮ
ζˡ
ˣ㲻Ѻԭӥʤɣʡ
ԣζɫˣƵֱѪ
꣬˫ˣ
ζƣͱˣѺԭӥƷʯ׬һʣǮû׬ϱȴȥˡ
δ꣬Դ࣬ȴȱ
һһˡ
ڻζƣɽôִ´ʯް
ԭ뿴䭵ùõùȻȨƴɽóûλȨ
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˳ײ˵ú׬һޱȿֲĿ
ǸĿҪʮڣ
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ԤڽǣȨƴǣȨ
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1628 ӥ
ţ
צ͵ӵҶǰĻӶצӣɢ׹ĶҶ棬Դԭӥһ־Ӹµ̬Ҷ档
صѹʾʵĿ⣬·һҶ档
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Ŀ͵رһ΢ը죬ԭӥĿⶸһҶУЩ⡣
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˵ߣʱԭӥ£عͷ뿴֣ҶЦ
ţҶҲǺ˵ҪԪףԭӥʰҶ棬ҶһݿôҲܱĳһеĶ
ΪԭӥǸһسӣûôУûǸ¡ԭӥĻشЩϡ
ԭӥǸȴʥӥߣ棬ֻҪΪʥӥϴˢ衣ԭӥ˵
ҶͫһΪʥӥϴˢ裬֪ôϴˢ
Ȼǵ㣬նɱԭӥһ޼ɵĿҶ棬Ŀ⣬ڴһµһ
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ҶӦʵ̫ǿˡ
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ӥͨ˲Ϣ俴磬
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ˣʥӥڣֻҪܹӥͨӥ֮£һΡ
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ԭӥӥɨ˷ɽѾףҶѾ޷ˣضᱻԭӥҳ
ɽ䭣ɽôʯصλǿߣ֪ӥͨߣ֪ҶҲϾͻᱻԭӥ
һϢϢϢ
ʮϢȥˣԭӥɫõѿ˼֣˫Ŀӥ۵⣬øӵĳˡ
¾ԭӥӥ۵ͨ߶£ʮϢʮϢʮϢȥˣԭӥӥܱͨߡǿռв㶼ɨһͨûзҶټ
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ôԶˣԭӥţǸԼһΧԼһ̨ס
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Ѫϴɽɫһ䣬ԭӣУõĲҵԭ˼У
ԭӥƳһɽ䭣ֻ֪ǵĲҵзӣøϽȥʧ
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Ҷһԭӥ͵ʹˣɨ˷ԲûҵҶ氡
ΪҶѾԶˣû뵽Ȼֻˡ
ɲǼ䣬ԭӥ˫Ŀһʱӥͨɨĵط뽫Ҷ
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ⲻܰ
ʥӥӥ֮£ʩչųɾŵĵǿ߶Σ˵һͨ񾳵СϺס
ⲻѧ
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ԭӥвϾҲеԲ֮ҹսһӮˡ
û뵽ӮԭӥˣȻԶвҪսһ
룬ǲӽԭӥˣԭҵϴʲôӥ֮ģǲҪҳӣһӥӵӥҲҪҹȥ
Ҷ治ᡮӥãһᡮӥԭӥŭһ󵨣
ԭӥŭʰҶ棬һʩӥ۵Ӵ߶ķ̵ĸһ㣬ҲҶӰӡ
Σ˵жж
ҪǣҶʹڳ
ˣѵ˵ˣԭһǴСϵһһĳӾǲܽôҶ
ԭӥǳŭˣԭӥˣ֪ЩѲû뵽Ȼ˵Ѳ
ӥ۵ͨҲԷټ
˵ģӹԭӥŭ
ߣԭҪǻеƤ־ͱöвӣΪܹвӣ
һϢȥϹţؼһݣôҵСү
ʱСүר˱ԭҵĹ¼£ԭҳ
ӾǲôҶǱ
εǣԭӥŭ죬ӥͨ߶£ҲҶټ


1629 ˵ǰ
Ӿǲô
Ҷ仰Ь׳ԭӥһԭӥʬԭӥоҶ仰콫ˡ
ſǽҪϴˢҶʥӥĳ裬תۼ䣬ԭĳûϴˢµˡ
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ЩΪǿ󡢼ʶĽǿߡЩǿߡԼѧԨԴӵܡԭӥԼݳʲô
ԭӥеʥӥ󿴼֮ͨУһӥۡ
ԭҵӥۣǳģ츳ͨԭӵλ
гɵԭӵܣЩǿ߸߼۹Ӷ˵Ѱ̽أС˵̽ԭҵ츳ͨҪġ
ʱԭҵ츳ܹͨһսʤ
ңǧԭԼͼʶͨߣԭҵӥ۱ܡ
¼䣬˼ĵǿ컯֮ˣûǿ͸ġ
£ԭҵӥ۾ͳԭҵĽƣ¸ҪӶԭӵܵļ۸񣬱Ƶһۡ
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ڣԭҵĽƣȴҶһͨߵϡ
ԭӥǿǿӹ컯˵ԭӵ֮һң벽Ϊ£ܹӥ۵ĵǿߣָ
ڣȴҶǰ
ԭӥһʱĻġ
˵ԭӥǸʥӥ嶪ˣôڸʥӥˡ
ʥӥҶžžž졣
ңȥ
ԭӥԿ
ԭӥŭ뷢ɱˣһ˸ӥѱ鸽ؿռ䣬ȴһ

ҹ˾͸ҹԭӥʧ̬ˡ
ǲһسӣȻصУΪԭӥЦ
ˣҾͲ㵱ɵɱ
ҲҲʲôΪʲôΪб£ҳҶЦ
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Ͳôһ㣬Ͳôһ㣬ԭӥҪҵˡ
Ҷʩչݶ֮УԭӥӥĿ⣬УҶ濴Ǳ̫Ҫǳһؼһжյ˺֡
ܿģۿԭӥĿ⣬յ˺֡
ʱҶһָоԭӥӥֻҪʱܹ
ԭӥӥҶչʱһҝĹ⻪ҶӿܲҶ
ǻҝʱҶһְȫС
ԭӥӥҶһնѹûзҶ
ӵͨӵ츳ͨǴ̫ʱǿѪ츳ͨΪ˵á
˵һֶΣӵ츳ͨǰҲΡ
̫ıԴǡþ츳ͨӥ۵ĿǡԪ鰢Ҷ鸮
ǣ
ԭӥӵĵˣ̫ıԴڣҲңҶʵ
ֻӥΪɲˣɲúŪ̫ıԴţֻҪ㲻ٲκǸ϶ҲǷֲġ
Ҷ˼Ϣ޼ɵƿڴǰһĻ
ʱԭӥǸ޵ģ޵ĽҶҳǧΡ
ʳ⣬Ѫܽͷ֮ޡ
ԭҪʰҶ棬װƣȻٲԭӥһţ
ļƻȴҶƻˣ
ԭӥʥӥڵĵϵˣôǿɲǰ׻ġ
һԭӥԼǿ侲ݱµķϣҽһƽһսĻᡣ
㹫ƽһսΣ
ֻҪҶԭӥţʵɱҶ棬Ӧûʲô⡣
ڣؼľҪҶƭ
ҶҲʡ͵ĵơ
ҹƽһս˵ĺôߵΪ벽ôҹƽһսԭӥô˵Ҷһתʱ뷨
ԭӥһҶпܳƽһսԽʱͿˣһóᣬҶƭ
˲˵ΪȻֻͨãսȴкǿ
У
ֻҪڽвĶԹһʹӮʤԭӥԲѰ𣡡ԭӥһ˵鶸رڴ
аȥҲƺƽģҶ潫ϵĳġ
ԭԭӥҶǰߵĻΪҶҪӦˣѾ¶ϲɫһҪô˻ʰ˵һڶ
һ䡮֣ͽԭӥ˰С
ʲôԭӥæ׷ʵ
ΪʲôҪаɵëȥУҶͻȻ
ԭӥһͷһѪ쵰ôѲΪʲô
ѵûһߵУ
ս
⻰ҲԭӥԼ룬ף˵ȥƨûС
һ£ԭӥ˵˵ô㵽Ҫôܳս
仰սȺеĴ͡еɽ䭣ͬʱһ
ƺĳҪ˵Ľడ


1630 ûһ
ҵôųս⣬ҶԸҲڿǡ
ԭӥΪսȴǸʺš
ԭӥһ㣬ȻֻصΪڵǿߣͨĽڵǿߣҲǳ鱦ԭӥĶ֡
ˣܵܵԭӥս˱̬ǿôԭӥ۷Ϊ䱬սжٿֲ
ܵܵԭӥ鱦ôԭӥеĺ鱦˵Ҳһɣ
Ϊͬӳĺ鱦Ҳǲͬ
ԭӥ۷߶ĺ鱦ԭӥ۷߶ĺ鱦ǲɲһ㡣
ǳɱǳĲࡣ
ҶƣԭӥսãҲҵǿߣҪǿһ㣬صĴڣпܡ
ǣǰ߻Ǻߣԭӥ׸ɵҶΨһ𣬾Ҷܹżе
ÿʵҲÿ
˵ʵ¾ֻԭӥУҶԣҲǼΣյ顣
ǣһʼҶЩ۲ԭӥצ
Ҷ棬̫צľѪ̶ȡ
צľѪצľѪ̺屾ԴҪֹ
ҪǣҶ̺ͨ΢̫źܣӦǰצ־̫źѪԶĺᡣ
־̫źѪԶѪᣬ侫Ѫ̺屾ԴȫǱԱȵġ
һ˵ǵĳйأǰצĵйء
צԭӥڽ£ȫޣƹһˮıڳצǰҳ
ڵѪ
֮ԴѪֻһͼѪӦȻ󿰿צż
ԭӥµצأ
һצӵзǳ߹צѪ
պ±ܹѪΪצǰצǰҲһͷ
ֲ޹غΪ޹غֻغֻغѪ
עģ
£ǰΪצһﾫѪܴҶñһٽﾫѪЧҲһܹȵϡ
Ҫǣ⵱еٶȲ̫࣬ˡ
Ѫ̺Խǿ󣬶ҶǿȾԽٶȾԽ졣
ȷһǧצľѪʮľѪЧһģܽҶĺء
һǧצľѪһµĹ򣬾ܹҶĺء
ñʮﾫѪҪҶĺأ궼
֮
ҶڣȱѪȱĻʱ䡣
ܹõһצľѪܹҶϣΪҶԼʱ䡣
ӲҪһοôצİٽﾫѪļֵ֮ǰҶΪͨͨغڵͨʥʮ࣡
ӿצɲǣҶ۲ޱȡ
ʱҶûᣬûκһõצѪĻᡣ
еڣҶͻȻ֣ôһ˿õޱȵצѪܡ
ǣȴ̺൱ķգķա
ΪֹҶеıѪаͰңҲʮҡ
ʣµЩѪٿ֧Ҷꡣ
ǣԴñѪҶĺڶ֮ñѪٶȣͱЩˡ
ǣܹõǰצľѪҶаڶʱڽͻƵء
أɾ൱ƷǿˣǽǿߵĹҶҲֱӲˡ
ҶģΪᣬðҲֵõġ
ԭӥųŹеĻġ
󣡡
⼸۴ҶԺתʱҶ˲Ϣ˾
ԭҪҳУⲻѣҿԴӦҪҳУģҶͻؿ˵
ʲô˵ԭӥʱҲޱȵΣҪһسӣҲҶ棬ֻͬҶ濪ˡ
ҽУˣ޻˵ҽҽУצѪҪһҶﲻݵ˵
ԭӥţûʲôҪ󣬲ϡ档
צǴޱȵ֣Ѫޱȣ˶ֻῪڣȡצľѪʮ˽ܳ
ǰ뷨Ҳ
ǣһǸʱԭӥͱҶҪһ
꣬ҪצľѪأҪצأ
ǰצͨޱȣȻδΣȴö
ҶҪֱӽһ
һﾫѪ꣬ýȫľѪų߰˳ɣܴչɣ
ʱ㲻ҲԶˡ
צģˣһӦġ
㿪ʲôЦأҪսӦսֱ˵ο࿪ֲܵأԭӥ
սȥүģսðɣҶٴγԭӥƿڴ
ӿڿҪҳƽһսҪҳһ١
үģӦҪӦսˣȴˣôһССҪ󶼲ҴӦ㻹𣿡
ҪңҪ䣬͸ϽﶪۣôӦ䰡
һ۷İ벽ȻһͨصСϺף
ҪǴȥҲҵˣ
λλͬǽҵļ֤ˣҵսԭӥ䰡
Ҷƿڴ˷糱ˮһЦ
Ҷ˵ԭӥԭֵܣһ湻˵ģȫǲݰ
ԭӥȴҶƿڴֵͨ죬ָˡ
ѹ
ֻ˵һҪǵŹУҪҪ
ȵȣԣ
һ
ԭӥͻȻͷӦһ£ûһ
ô䣿
ôܳŹУ
Ǿ޿ܰ
޿ܵ飬ΪʲôӦأ
ֻҪƭӦս֮նɱ˳ɢһг𶼱ˣ
ûë
ֻǣ羭ԭӥܾ鲻̫Ծ
ȥƺǵڱӦǣߡ
ǣûᰡ
˼˼Ϣԭӥ˿ɻϳԺ˭˵ҲңҴӦˣ


1631 Ĵʯ
ӦˣֻҪܹУӮ֮ĶԹһʹܽжôһצѪ
ҶĿҪ£ԭӥ֮Լ׿ڸһ飬Ұ
ԭӥµצһе㷢ɵ
˾ȻӦˣ
ǿһѪҪôѪ͸ɱˡ
˼һ£צܿͷӦ˹ޣӦòġҲ÷Ѫצ롣
ڣԳ˰ɣԭӥ˵

ԭӥˣǵһ˲ٵ£̫ˡ
ʵҶ裬ҶΪԸСǰԸСԼģǻ˭ģ
ִ£һ²ȻԭӥĴսֵģôԭӥ֮֮ԼҲֿɺãҶɽʵ
ʵҲЩżҶ˵ԭӥʵ򲻿ðա
ǣҶһݣҲҲҶˣҲҶ棬޷괫ֻܸż
ȻˣϷ͹ϵҶ棬ֲܵ˵ɽֻܴӦˡ
⣬֮ԼҵĶԭӥһԼʧ㡢ʧ㣬˵Ҳղסֵʱ
ԣִ¡õλǰһͬⳡ䡣һԭӥսͷղס֣뼸λǰֱ򡣡Ҷһַǳ˵
仰ûԭӥıӸᡣ
ʲô⣬ԭӥسŵ
ǣȴȸ˸ñȻһղסֵ壬õĵǿֱ
˵ˣһԭӥκβֵͣļλֱӲ֡
֮ǵʱûиɵҶ棬ԭӥˣһаеģҲûǸܵġ
·ѾҶǰˡ
λʦ֣Σ£ɽתѯʡ
һԵɽõĴʯȴǼˣλʦ֣ɽõİ
˵𣬶ԸҶ棬ԣȴΥõùɷ֮Լ˲ְܶ
ǰһõĻ
Ҷ汻ԭӥնɱһá
һʯ͸λʦִԣǲҪӦɽ䭺Ҷ
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ܷı䣬ҵ֮£һֹλǿߵиͬ
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ʦܣΪɽõĵִ£۹Ӧ÷ųԶһ㣬Ӧøһ㡣
޵ʮǰԼˣ㲻άҲԲ̨ܲ
ʤˣԺôУõ޵ͷͻ󣬺ͻߣ֪Ⱦͻ㡣
˵һÿԽ֮ᣬҲδ֪
ҼǣҼǣ۹һҪųԶ
ʯˣ
⻹ִĽתۼʦǰͳĿǳ֮ˣʵԩ
ǣĽ˵
ܹλʦ£ҲЩˡ
ʯǽиᡣ
ڣԳ˰ɣԭӥҧһڸ
лλǰ壡
ҶɲǣһͻɢҶسС
žԼǰǧֵĵԭӥ۾ֱˡ
ԭӥ۾˷ǡɽ䭡ֵλǿߣһҲɵˡ
˰죬ͲƤӵ£֮
ƫƫûֲ˵ʥӥմӵӥͨԭӥҲûз֡
ҶֶݷֱơĪ⡣
ԭӥ֮˵뷨ԭӥһŴżɷĿġ
ǣֱҶˣžžɽ֡
ҪҶԶôҵһοҶƫƫǴƤӵ׳ֵģֱ
һ˲䣬ԭӥͷһ뷨ͨصΪӥ޷֡
ǿ϶ʲôͨš
ͨţֱʥӥĿǡ
ԣԭӥһսһҪɱҶ棬ȻҶѻ꣬õҶܹͨܿʥӥӥͨķŰء
ˣԭӥҵ֮ԼӦòͷצɣҶָצ˵
ᣡԭӥᶨҡҡͷ
ԭӥģǸϽս½Ȼսꡣ
ǺãǰְɣҶ˵
ͬһɲǣɽ䭵𣬡Լս˫׼


1632 쭵
ɽ䭡սֳڵɲǣҶԭӥͬʱˡ
ϵǣҶ沢ûսĵһʱػضܡֻʹֶַΡ
ҶһʱķӦǡ
õķǽ
һöɫơ׹˸ɵ꣬ͼХźԭӥٶޱȡ
۳ٶȣҪԭӥĳٶȿһߡ
֮ҶֱԭӥҪ죬ҪҶʼ֮ǰѾǰ߶ö۵߰˰ˣռһСˡ
Ҷö꣬ϢޱȵǿɢϢԭӥΪ֮һ
ԭܼ򵥣ΪҶǰ׼ԭһΣҶֱ۳ǿꡣ
ҶţǰԭӥǿҲӡ
ԭӥı飬֤Ҷ꣬ԭӥȷʵӣǣԭӥǣֵȴһ˿Ц
ֹȷʵвܾȣǣɿӣ
ԭӥֻǼͷһΣվ͵һǿ̵Ŀռ䲨Ҷ껹ûкǰԭӥξ˲ʧ
ʧԭӥûпҶըֵ˿Ц⡣
ԭӥҶڷʩչռֵͨܿ˿Ц⣬»˲Ϣ䷴Ӧ
ԭӥʧͬһɲǣҶһöֺ꣬
ֺҶǰ׵ĵط
ַֺҶ֮ǰԸԭӥַ
һ˿ޱȵĿռ䲨ɲǣԭӥΣʧɲǣ֮ڵҶǰ׵ķ
ֵһɲǣԭӥͶĿɿڴ
һöתĴɫĻ꣬Хľ룬ʮס
Ӧöͺؿڡ
ֲһ㣬͵еһȦȦ·
Ҳͬһɲǣһ⣬ͷ·еһ㣬͵شӻбĵֵŻʴ
糱ˮһɢ¶ԭӥЩǱΡ
һͷƮݵĳ˴룬ǰ°ڶ˻ҽǰߵƣ˵Ĵзһͨ졣
ԭӥһɢĺڹ˸ŽĴɺɫɵס
Ʒĺ鱦дһ۵
ȻϵϵԭӥԻһԵĺ鱦Կʱ򣬻ۺ첻ѡ
ԭӥ飬ʱȴɭޱȣ
ڷţͻȻ֮ܵԭӥ֮ĴжѣжͬʱҲ˵Ŀֲ֮
֮ǰڹսûԭӥ֮иոնݳͱҶĶ˸ŵĸо
ڣˡ
ֱŰİӡ
Ҳõĺ鱦ѾƷ鱦ͬʱΪߴ۷壬ӳĺ鱦ķܵԭӥֹ
ҪȻܾҪҶһǽ֮ˡ
ʵһ㣬ԭӥǰսʱȴû⡣
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˵ͨصߣǵǿߣҲ޷׷ٵĿռͨĹ켣
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ҶԣһУҶõġ
ȻԭӥԭӥֵܣôһЩʥӥĶͨӦöǹ֮ͨ
ԭӥӲһ꣬ȻҪ˷һС
ǲӣÿռܹͨôͳ¾պҶ棬һкԭӥҪ˷һС
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ңн˽Ҷڵڵȡ⣬͸Ҷûκιϵˡ
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Ҷƣпԭӥžٶܵвǵ鷢ˡ
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ͬʱԭӥǴ׵˫֣һռѷٵĳ֣н⡣
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ڽ״̬ԭӥʮָ£ڿռѷ켴Ľʱı嶸ػһϹ⣬˲ϢԶȥ
ҶСӣΪ̫ܹͣṩҵ̫ˣ鱧ԹҶ
Ϊܹﵽԭӥĳ̶ȣҽܹԭӥ쵰ж˿飡ͬһɲҶ鸮
ԭӥӣɲǼ䣬һÿռѷҵı壬Ҳһʧ˸ոյõõĽƣߣ֪䣬龹ȻմȾһЩԪ鰢Ļëӱտӵġ
ȫ㲻ٴԹҶһ䣬ҵһˣˣ
ڶУɽ䭵ĺٴóצ˶ĿУҲһ˿ġ
ⶼ˰צЩĵĿԭӥ
צйսߡλǿߣĿǰƸˣ
Ҷ˼򵥵ľͳŹУԭӥҲ̫˰ɣ
צĵĿ⣬ñޱƵԭӥɫֱӺڳ˹ˡ
̫꣬аˣ֮ԼȥУ½Ƕûմ
Ͼ͹ˣҪһ֮ڸɲǿɾĶ˶Ѽˡ
УһҪɵҶ棡
ǣԭӥ¶ģƴűԴҲҪɵ˲Ϣٴɵۡ
۾ɵıͭ廹Ҫ


1633 ѵľ
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ԭӥ㵵ķ֣ýŹУûռ˵ĵȻתˡ
£ⲻϡ档
ڽʣһе£սԳ£սԳ˲ãΪսֻзԲûκ
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ǣʮŸҶ棬һٵɢ˷ԭӥˡ
ԭӥĿɿڴǣԪһɨȥȻ޷ֱʮŸҶ棬Щǻһ
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֮ԼʣһУĿֻ꣬һһƬһˣǹĸ
ƽʱ˵ʮŸһپʮƾǿޱȵӥݿͨҲڼȫɵ
ǣֻһγֵĻᣡ
ԭӥżǣĻڷٵɢ˷ʱϵԽãͬһʱܹԽ١
ǣһ
һɲǣԭӥֱץˣڿ˰̫޳˰
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ҪƽʱֻҪҳҶǾͺðˡ
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ֱ˹ˣ
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ߣϱߣߣǶϣǶԭӥĿתţԱɱҶһУԹĿƱѾΪ
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޴Ŀռѷ죬Ҷǰը֣Ȼʼٵıһ
ҶһһĻʼɿıԭӥƿǧ׵Ŀռѷɡ
Ǹռѷϰ׾ĻҲռѷǿֲ֮˺˽ȥ
߸
һ˲Ĺԭӥռѷ죬ȻҶ߸
ûɵĿǰԣδ֪
Ҳһɲǣԭӥ۽ǵͻȻ俴һӰͻȻһ£εɲǣӰͱ˼֡
ԭӥ˫ĿУӥһ㣬˲ϢӰˡ

ǵ
ԭӥŭӦղźֲޱȵĿռ乥ŵ˵ıܣõһЩĲãű¶λá
ɣ
ŭյԭӥʱѾ׵֮Լϣٴ˸
һΣһҪնɱ˵
Ҳͬһɲǣɽ纣ɭȻϢͬʱֶֶ
ԭӥнһĶǿߵϢͻ˲ϢµĹԭӥ
ԭӣУѾˣ
ɽ䭵ĻλǿɭȻϢһˮͷһ㣬˲Ϣԭӥһ飡


1634 ԭӥĹ
͸һʲôо
ԭӥᵽˣװ
òһ̷˵ǽиϲƫƫµ֮Լˡ
ֱӲҪ޳ܣȴ·ͱҶˡ
λǿ֡
ԭӥʵӲһλǿߣѾǼˣٶ࣬
λǿߵϢֵģԭӥͷһƬͻȻ䣬ԭӥˡ
֮ԼһʼǸӰ
Цǣ֮Լԭӥġ
λǿ֣ǿ֮ԼڿȻѾϵڵһĻ
ѵ˵δս֮ǰϵڵΣ
ӿսڣһȫڵ֮У
һˣԭӥģһ³
෴ģոתҶ棬ȴһŵ亹
ʵ֮ԼҶżƻģƾԼһ£ټ飬ҶģŹȥĻߴ˳ɡ
ǰУһжҶ֮С
׼ԭӥᶯÿռŲͨ¾պ֮ӲԭӥһС
ֶǶԸԭӥûжõɽ˵ԭӥһС
Ҷ汾ΪƾԿԽԭӥĵи
뵽ԭӥһ֣ͼŭ鲻˵һУͽٶ˻ҸԭӥӲƴ
鶼ҸԭӥӲƴ˵Ҷˡ
ԭҶ棬ԥĵͷܣֱӷųʮ˵Ӱƴʡ
ԭӥǼǿռնȴҶŻˡ
ҶĿǰ¾պ⣬ǰӦǿռնĳ֣ȴ޷㿪
һڿռնҶԻᱻռѷɽȥ
һɲǣҶҲ֪λֹܲסԭӥϰģҶСɾ͡
˵ԭӥռնɱǿռϲ֮Խһгռѷܱߵ˺ͻÿռϲ֮նȻɡ
ĿǰҲ޷ȫֵ
Ҷ֧ţƴŸյõĽѣǿԭӥĿռն֮ӳ졣
ԭӥĿռնٶȹ죬ǰ׼пܿȥܵıɱ
ƺ鱦ĲϣҶңԺǣСˣûκλˡ
Ȩ֮£Ҷͽ׼
û뵽ԭӥӥĿ磬һ˿Сӳ֣ԭӥϳҶڡ
ֻǣؼʱ̣ҶսǰֲãЧˣ
ԭӥѹɷ䣡
䣡
䣡䣡䣡
䡯ۣһһ㣬ͣԭӥԺը죬ըԭӥԴ죬ʧһ㡣
ԭӥԳûаܹԭӥǰЩΪϺüأһ׵С
ԭӥϲʤǿרսΪԼߵߣаܹʤĴ̼
գԭӥȴһͨصУȻ֮Լԭӥͷԭӥ۷Ϊǳ裡
ԭӥһĳ裬ʥӥĳ裡
ԭӥ죬ΪϴˢԭӥҶ֮ʥӥĳ裬û뵽Ҳ˳ϡ
һɲǣԭӥֻϷ·гǧչһ㣬ֱӱ˰
ԭӥƺһǽʵ
֮ԼǰˣҪԭӥ䣬ǲܣ
ˣζҪеҪԼ
֮ĶԹһʹһ㣬ѣֻҪһʱ䲻׷ɱҵ鷳һ㡣
ǣӦҶһצѪ
һãǻҪצСġ
צɲ
צռѪпռ䷨֮ӡƿռ䴩ͬ³Էһͨ
ԭӥ޿ռͨǸ߿צȻצͣĴֲͬĿռ䣬ռ֮ռķ֮ı˿ࡣ
˵צޱҪ顣
һԭӥʧֱ޿ɹ
ԭӥˣ
ҶǴһͬһɲ𣬡ȻˣǾԼɣޣˣΪʥӥĵϵѪ㲻䲻
ʰɣ
ԭӥȭͷ͵߬һɲǣ޲ýǸ˺ɷ顣
һ˿ܣծ
Ŀ֮£ԭӥûһ˿ʵĿܡ
ʥӥҫʥӥĽǾԲʵġ
ϵ̹ǣʵʱ򣬿޳ܡ
Ŀ֮£Բһʵĺʻᡣ
ǸĿ֮ʣʥӥĨڣұ֤ǸαϵԻĿ֮½ˣʥӥ
ԭӥǸһ˿ȻȻ󻺻תͷԶ顪צ
צͿ˵ǰȴû뵽ԭӥȻҪѪһһޱȿֲĿ
д˾ֹâצޱȵҡҡ˶Դ
ԭӥȴǼᶨҡҡͷצޱȵĿ־壬һһצߵ뷨
צոյɲǣʱһޱȵĲ˻
ȴԭӥȻƣ
ʥӥÿһˣʥӥԼһ㡣
ѪԸĴۣԻɢԲʥӥĨڣ
ޱȵ˵⼸ͨߵسĻΧߵĽкС
ԭӥһצϣȻĿ׺ޱȵĶҶһﾫѪһӺˣ
һɲǣԭӥƴָ絶צľ͵ն£һɰ״ϸĵɫѪʹצľ
ɫѪɲǣ̺ǰѪҺڵĸ·ƣ˷ǵӷ졣
̫ѪצѪǿǴŵҲŵı
ڸɽУɱͷͷӦЩ徫Ѫо𶼱ȲצһﾫѪ
ЩͨߣصλǿߣҲһڿˮ
צľѪڲռ䷨ʱȡһﶼǼѣҪĴۣÿԵȴаǰ
Ŀ֮£ǻдٵĳ嶯
Ҷȴô࣬ͷһΣٴλó˶ƵĿѪӸֺ
צľѪնɱһٸĴڵоѪҲǰצѪֵߡ
צϢڷɿıеţϢ˲Һ
ʮﾫѪţСһȦо˵û
ˡצУỨģҪųѪɣ
ǣ
ԭӥһſޱȵĵҩιһ㣬ͳͳӽצĿУѪڳ罦ЩҩֻޱȾ޴צ˥ϢԻ˵㡣
ˡצ˸ˮۣһĿԭӥ
ԭӥ촽ţָƲסĲš
еѡҲ밡
Щҩ˶һһģǲ侫ѪצİﾫѪʵǱˮн
Ҳ룬ټּ֡
û˵꣬ԭӥ۾һ͵سצȵ
צһǰԭӥܵſѪڡ
һɲǣԭӥ´ѵҩͬʱԼһ
ɢǿϢԭӥѪͳצĿУһƾѪɢޱŨϢĵɫıԴѪ
Ķ˲ϢðҶڵߣˣ


1635 ɱ֮
ԭӥ̺źľѪԭӥЩ޳̺ӡıԴѪצеɲǡ
צΪѪŶͣϢ͵һ
̵ʱڽµĶڵתԼǴ󲿷еıܡ
ԭӥΪ벽ǿߣ侫ѪԣǴ֮˵ԭӥȻƳһƱԴѪ
ԭӥڵʥӥ壬̫еһ֧;ӥ۵ԭӥʵģȻ̫Ѫ
£ԭӥڵıԴѪһ̫Ѫеӡǡ
̫ıԴѪצ˵޷ںϣܹںϣҲ޷һһ˿̫Ѫ
ǣ̫ӡıԴѪ̺ȴԭӥͨѪİٱϡ
Ҳԭӥʱ͸צľѪצʱʳѪ֮һҪȻצõԭӥľѪ䣬Ϊǲ
ˡ
ԭӥĴ˾٣ֱӽצжˡ
֮£ڵľѪͱԴѪ֮ľѪӵצҲû뵽˾Ȼ
ǰһԹԣ׵ɢ
ڣצֻŵȶɹһΣ֮κúõıˡ
ػĻǣ׷׶ԭӥĴ˾˴Ĵָ
Ȼ˵ӵһǿǱѪ߹צҲ
۳Σ˾٣չ塣
˵ʵҶԭӥѪԼľٶҲõһá֣һúӣһ㣬ҶͬС
һ죬СèҪҶıԴѪܻҶҲͬԥͳԼıԴѪ
鰡һһ롣
Ҷ̾ԭӥڵľٶ֮ǰԼһצıԴѪȴһζ١
צǰҶҲаˡ
һսѾʥӥҫҶ棬Ѿʥӥġ
ԭӥԭӥѾҶˡ
ҶʱͲצأܽԭӥʵһһ֡
ԭӥԼľѪͱԴѪצģצѪ߶ĿԣѾ޽͡
ԭӥצϵķųľѪΪ󽵡
ԭӥһ㣬ȻһֱڳιצԼľѪͱԴѪͳȴϸš
ԣԭӥΪϢȻһֱ½ΪֹҲֻǴӽ۷䵽ڡ
צͲһˣʧ˰˾ʮѪ֮צΪϢѾӽ۷䵽˽۷壡
ȥֻһףʧ
ǣ岻һ
ǰ֮ףȻСǺ졣
ԣµĵǿеɣ塣
ǿ󣬵ΪԽߣԽЩûлε壬ͻƵѶȣͬİٱֹ
ǣЩͻƵߣɲܹսʤڽ۷塣
Щڽ۷޷ͻƵ壬Ȼ޷ͻƣΪȴһֱԻǿ
νķޱߣָľǴ塣
Ϊƿȴޱ޼ʡ
ǰצڽ۷壬Ѿǧˡ
ǧʱ䣬֪Ϊһεۺĳ̶ȡ
ҲΪˣʧ˳ʮѪ֮צΪϢŴӽ۷䵽۷塣
֮צΪĵ䣬צǧĿ޳ɹѾȫˮƯȫ˷ɻңҶ档
һ㣬צ͵СͿԿó
֮ǰצԳǧףڣѾСǧˡ
ǧĿް
צжʹҲֻԸ֪
ң⻹ԭӥԴѪ¡
ҪǣǧĻ̵ĿΪΪˮѪķţצΪϢʼɿ䡣
ڣ۷壬ڡ
צϢһ·ԭӥŵ͵ķͣóһһѪƴͰһκơ
㵹ͣһ°Ҳצһ㴭ϢĻᡣ
ɾǲͣ
֮࣬ԭӥҲɻ
ѵǵС׼Ӯ׼˺ƴͰ
㵽֮ԼŻǰ׼
ˣǿɾ̫ˡ
ԭӥĲ̫ܣǣҶһһ·ƴͰģ
һ㣬Ҷֻ˵һᡣ
Դڱȡ̫Ӱ῵Ѫ֮Ҷ˴ĿѪ
װѪʱˡ
װצѪʱˡ
Ҷֻ˵ɡ
ԭӥᣬҶû
ڣԭӥΪϢ䵽˽غڣצΪϢ䵽سڣֱСǧµʱһֱĬĬɽ䭺ȵˣ
ʱԭӥɫѿ͸Ų԰ףʧ˴Ѫצβͣҡҡ׹Ƥˡ
һˣҶ滺ĳԭӥ˹֡
ɫ԰׵ԭӥֱ̧ͷһȻĵԭĳһŵǧ˵ӽ֮ĶԹһʹԭĳ಻ȥ׷ɱ㡣
ǣһʱ򣬲ںδԭĳ᲻ȫ֣ɱ֮죡


1636 ɽ䭵Ĵ
һ㣡
ԭӥвҶ治Ļĸ֣ԭӥ֪вŲҶļһġ
һԭӥΪʧѪӽ״̬צԶȥ
״ִ£ս£״ִˣһ⣬ɾ⣬״ִȴ
ҶɲǣʮװצѪÿͰٽƴͰʹҶзɳɽ䭡
ɽ˼һ£͵ͷӦǣϷ֮£ȻģϷˡ
ҶĿ⣬ǹǿգǿչ˹֣֮ԼСлλǰάһ⣬λǰЦɣ
һ֣ʮͰװצѪĴͰͷС
СģϷȾˡ
ɲǣʮͰצľѪ˲Ϣʧ
˵ʵҶ治ͣȡצѪʱλˮ
צľѪҲȱǳȱ
˵ǼǧʮٽģҲˡ
û뵽Ҷϵϳ֣һǧצѪ
ҪֵһǧצľѪֻҪͨжϣ˵ҲֵƷʯ
Ȼⱦˣɵӣ⣬ֻҪ߬Խ߬ԽֵǮţ
Ҷ˾٣˷ʱͺˣＡζһļһҲͣ촽
ӣ˵Ҫȥǧ̸ÿŪǧ˰ٽצľѪûпŪζ촽˵
צľѪֻҪиǧ˰ٽܹǵǿһϡ
ɫһ䣬ƤûǺҪȥȥ˵
ȥ˼ң˵óСӲ˵ˣҪһвµŮ˵䡣
ǹǻ෽µ䣬ҪҵôһϢʱ򣬲ź˼ſҪǣȵ
һĻζֻεĸԶȥ
Զצ뿪ԭӥҶͷǸŭѪţûһھѪ
ǵСצľѪأ
צΪ˴չһﾫѪһûˡ
ԭӥǸް
ûҧһڸ
ڵķŭɽôִ´ʯȴǼˡ
أĺôأ
ѵˣ
Բ֮սɶŵģһѲɽõ
˵λʦ֣ģҲɽõ
䭺λǿʦֶзݣôûأ
ǿצľѪƽʱҩʯţڿʮͰ
ǹ飬ضˣ
ʯĿƵĵҶ棬ڴҶһɲҲӹʮͰצľѪ
ǣ¶콫ӵɷˣҲûʮͰѪ
ҶˣһԹ˵õ˼Ҫڶֱפһǿġ
ǣȴ⵽ɽôִ´ʯΪ׵һ˵ǿҷԣɵǿפأл
֮£ʾ֮󣬲ת붯λ޵ʦֽ޵Ƶ˶и
ҶˣǺܼǳġ
ԣʯҪҶõлõʮͰצľѪǾ޿ܣ
ĴʯûеҶʮͰצѪȴɽ䭵Ĵ
Բ֮սɹУӹͬŬĽ
ϷߣʮͰצѪȴ֮
ԣϷؽʮͰצѪȫóҹΪԲ֮ҹõӣͬ
ͳѲֵڵĹƹֻҪ˽ҹԲ֮սõӣͳͳзݡ
ͳƺĿ֮ʮͰצľѪȫ֡
ǣɽ䭵ĵһִºӦ
ͬһɲǣɽХһĻ쳹ɽõĵӣõĵӣֻõĵӣ˿̾
ִ䣡
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лִ£
ĸлǺһĴ˷
ʵֻҪǸˣޱȵۺצľѪ˾ʮͰѪÿһֲ
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ԭûκϣģÿܷôٵһ㣬ͨӶԣȱǺٵһ㣬Ҳ󣬺ܸˡ
ԸɽõĵӴĻɽ䭣ʯɫޱȵѿ
꣬ĺ
˺ô˵ô׬˴㻹Ҫ
һ£ʯԿ϶ҹɽõҪﵽһ¸߶ˡ
ĻΪ֮µĵһˣ
ǺǣǵĳˣҹõλֵˣΪˣĳóʮͰצѪõֵǹ֣ôʯޱҶٴ
ܱߵõĵһ㣬ٴλ
֮ǰÿ˿ֲҶĿÿҲԷֵһ
һȻʦǽףȴ㹻ˡ
ãҲܻһλʦΪĻˡ
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һݼֵ͵ĸ˰ϵõӣʱͶ˺øС
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һצľѪͳһﲻͽкˬˣ
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ЩõȴףҶͳצľѪȷʵ٣ٷ֮һ
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˼ܹͳٷ֮һͲˡ
Ҫ٣ȥԭӥԼսȥ˵Уһ֮ԼܲܳŹȥ
Źȥˣ˼ԭӥצѪ
ԭӥԶģҲиԭӥԶĵʸ񰡡
ԣõӵУһ㶼Ҷó٣ĵˬ졣
ʯƵѪʱλǿʦֵʼһһ鸮лص
ʦܣ㿴ǲ࣡ػĲడ㵱ʱҪ΢ƫһµҲٲʮͰצѪǰɣһλʦѵζ
õƫֻҪⳡ䣬һаҪλκƫԼıݣҲٲʮͰѪ
ֹػ̫û۹Զ׿˰㿴õ䭣϶˵ʤŻøԭӥһɵĸʣȻ׬һʡ
ҿ˵ɽõĵӣʦܵĻԭӥʤˣ
ʦܣǳϵģǣػ۹⣬ɽôִµݣʵ䲻ϰҪģϸһλʦʹļ׵˵
ʦܣ۹ػҺܻɣµɽãܱܲǰӵʢ
ϣ㾡ɼǲܣǻʦˡˣ
ԣʯɫ͵һ䣬λǿͬʱ飬Ǹܣ
λʦһѵ룬ϡˡ֣ɽôʯѪ纣
˺ü죬󻹳۹ǳ֮ˣ

æǰæ˺ü죬һôûõͲ˵ˣпвڴִλã
ô
ô۸˵
һʱ䣬ʯǺ޼˵޼䭣£ȫǵģ
ŭ䣬ʯһһѪϣȴֱʯ˻ȥ
ѪҪǿɾʵʯͷˣ


1637 õĻر
ɽ䭵ĸۡڣӵصĶݹҶԶǰżµСˣһ̳ضơ
СӽͷǳˣΪʲôʵأ
ʵݣ㱱ȲݣټӲкߵʵκˣĶǰ¶ÿһ°ɣ
˵ʵãҲûʵʲôɽһɻ
ҶȴûŻش΢һٱһھͽǿɢžľҺ£һ·شӺֱθףһתſھһľ
ˬ
ɽ䭵⣬Ҷ滹治ûش
ɽ䭵˵ûĴ½֮ˣηֻʵҲʵһ֡
ǹʵݣһ
ǣҶĿǰϵ¼̫ˡ
˵ģֻҪƷ̻һ죬ҶһͲܽݹ
ƷֻҪɵӣ϶Ҷ½⣬½ǿһδȫС簡
ûи֣ûдһͳĵ۹ڽ̣˭˶һڵķ⡣
ǹݣô̿϶ҶдϵĶУһʥˮͺпܽҶһйϵ
ʱ򣬳ױ¶Ҷ棬ͻĺΣա
ϣ£ܸӣϻǲҪˣ⣬£ü㱣ܡ
˵ţҶһ֣žͳʮͰצľѪɽǰ
ôţСϷ򣬻Ƿڷѣɽ䭴Ȥ
ҶɹȻһЦϣһǸǮϵĿڣҲѪܹ˵ġ
ʮͰѪ㲻ǷԭӥһսܣҪòצľѪ
ҵôĺôܲܿ˰ɣ
ԣɽˣ˺ôӦϷ˴ô֪һϣõľǶ𣿡
٣
ڰǧƷʯ⻹Ŀвҵʮ괿ܺͣɽ˵
ʮĴ룬Ҷһں֣ƺûж𺳣Ҷһ¸㵽ĲƻֵߴǧƷʯϡ
һŪôĲƻʮڵĴ룬Ҳ̫
ࣿɽ䭵۾˲Ϣɵ˼¡
˽һ֯ĿתƸ֧֪һӴ֯ԣͻȻʮĴ룬ζʲô𣿡ɽ䭷ʵ
ζʲô
Ȩ
ʵ
Ȩ
Ȩ
һӶʮĴ룬дȥţȥõĸʣŸĵ̡
Ӵĸ֡
˺ʯ֧֣ٿԶλλĵǿߡ
˵ɽźһЦǣܹ֧ͻƵĵǿзǳ޵ġ
ʱ򣬾֧Щڹؿڵİ벽ǿȫͻƣ˵ˣһΣбһġ
٣˵ϷͻƵĿܡ
룡
ɽٴξٱ˵ʵһεΣϷȫûԤϵģϷѹû뵽СӵһԲ֮սȻĸԤơ
ֱӽõưθһز˵ɽõĴʯһѡ
ֲã˵ǡ˵䭾Ǳͷһ㣬ͻشס
˵ʲôҶɻ
ɽЦеĿҶһۣ
ôû
ûͶˣһϷմĴ⣬˴ôˡ
ģ£ϷܽǰԵȫѹȥڶפһǿ߹פء
ͬʱӴڶ̺ŵĹģ
⣬õ½̶ӣоһܹڵµ̵ڱֺš˵
ҶһϲڱֺţǺ°ǵ̵Ǳܹķ
ֹǷٰɽӣĴ½һĵ÷ֺŵģǰҡ
ǵң
Ҷ湰֣æлϷϷҲͶұôôϷҲԲ㣡⡭
˵ͻȻɢ⣬իֵġ
£𷢻ˣΪõ޵ӣûõĹףüص
ԣֱǩ˷٣޵ӵݣθһףɫơ˵
ޣ
ҶӦһ⣬ûκθо
ģȴɽˡ
ɫƶģ
õӣǧ꣬첻һɫơ䭣õĲһӳϢӡɫƶѣ


1638 Ӣ
ɵϵһլԺڣڷ˴鵤ҩ֮ԭӥƲȶ
ɵĴˣմ˺ˮ֮󣬿ʼã÷ǳ
Ҳԭӥд鵤ҩΪףҪһߣһ㣬ܱסΪҲҪ
ˣԭ鼯Ҫ׵ĻָٻʮϵĹ
۾ëͬʱӿϲ⡣
Ҹ㰽ϺõĲȥȽһڣһ
ȴЩǵĿԭӥ
ԭӥ˰ܣϵƻΣҪ̬ľ
ش֮һ겻ǲش
øĵǣԭӥ飬Ƿϣûһ㾫
еĳ徢񣬴ʱȫʧ˿ȥ޾ʵġ
ͷһĵ飬Ƿˡ
£ǲǶЦԭӥȡ裿
һսǲǴĴ½ˣǲѾȫµЦ
ԭӥһĿɬڼ֮УѾˣԭӥµľŽ󣬽յһ˿ȫ˻ȥ
ڣѾЦӦ˵ЦûʸӦǳΪʥӥĳ裡
һˣԭӥȭͷָ߬۵Ĵ̽ģѪֱ
鲢ǡ
ƭˣҲɵ֪˼һΡ
£ˣ飬治ԭӥһε¼ΪԭӥĲ֣Щ죬Ҳһ˿졣
£治
ǲҪƭˣԭӥٴδֱĴ˸Ļ
֮£֮үԼս֮ԼүҲˣ
Ľ˵ԭӥ
ԭӥһˣڴϵԭӥ͵¶һܲűơ
ģ
˻棿ԭӥһ䡣
ǧȷ
ūĵӣҲүЦ
ô£˵ԭӥǰ޹֮Уرһ⡣
ԭӥ׷£㻨˽һʱŽԭӥҶ֮֮Լȫꡣ
ԭӥûκһϸ֮⣬ѯϸڡ
һ֮ԭӥϵǷϣȻһɨ⣬±õľ䣬˾ǻһһ㣬ʱ
ŵһģǷ
ϣøлүԭӥ
ԭӥԼսУڰܸҶ棬ܵޱȱޱȵҡ
һܣԭӥһ޿ĸо
оĽԺϣȫе̤ķ顣
Ժǰ̧ͷӢǰ̧ͷ
û뵽ԭӥȻҲ˵
Ȼֻ֮Լԭӥǿǰ벽ǿߣйնɱǿߵļ¼
ԭӥˣһԱȣСԭӥü壬ҶһҲԩһҲˡ
Լǵ̫ǿ
ԭӥˣҲͺˡ
˲Ϣ䣬ԭӥģ壬ɫʣ
ң
ԭӥһѽӹëֶһ̧ͷˣ
׸׸Ұ·ߵˡӽ𣬾Ϳʼո״˸Ұŵ·ߣڼįȫΪ
ȡܵԭӥ͵߬ȭͷ
Цŵ˵ͷһū֪СӻɵҪūһˣնɱǵһڶ
ԣԭӥüëһжճɹȻȫˣ
ԼԭӥԱԭӥģɵҲʧһַ
ԭӥڶ룬Ǹɵ˵ôԭӥⱲǲǶ޷ϴˢĳˣ
Ȼ˵ԭӥҲаڵֵ֮ĳ裬ԭӥǿ߳ǰܵͳ裬ԺԲơ
СǱƷ鱦ĽЩŹ֣ȻƷ鱦
Ǳĺ齣ڣūɱĳɹʣӦֻ߳ɣ
ɵǴɱɹĻūɵİȫˣ˵
ֻ߳ɵĴɱգȫ˵İգֻɣԭӥüë
νһոһǣΰҶټϺƺƾձժ˹ӣһһεʧܣԭӥٵĳɳý
Щգȫǽڶǵ֪˽ϣǣȻǣԵȫʵ˽⣬Ҳ߰˳ɡ
˵ʲôĺء
£İվҪۿۣĴɱɹʿCDûУɱɹȫ˵İգԲᳬɡ
˵ԭӥüëһУ̫Σˣ߻Ǳ¶Ŀԣ̫ˡ
ûзһ㣬ԭӥĶԣɵūݣΣѵǸԵ洦
ȷʵԴңǶԿԴë֡ԭӥ˵
ԣһиһ˿
֣ȻʧܣĳɳȴȹȥʮܺͻҪࡣ
ˣٲҪˣҵԴֻҪǱ꣬ո״˵ƻͰõ״Ϊ׼Щʱ򣬶ԸԲ⡣
ǣûĸҪ׵ļƻͰȴѣԭӥ˵
Ӣ˵ȴڴ󺰣лүү̫ллˡ
үԭӥЦһΣ¾һﲻˡ
УޱȵצеԭӥһɭĿԵγˮ
ĴʣѾ뵽еһЩߡ
һԼ޴֮ԼȻ˸ոձϵԭӥ
һԼͱƵ˷˼ϣոշ˴ԭӥȴˡ
һ뵽һ㣬ԭӥͺ޲øԼơ

ԭԭӥˣԭӥˣԭӥһӻˡ
ΪĲ֣ԭӥˣȴ
ٿԼԲѵˮ֮צԭӥǸڰ
Ӷˣ
ԭӥӶʱҶȴɵ帣ӵĵص׿ռ˺ѷεĲҺ
ڼܹ㳯Ŀ£ڣְ
ԣոյõ˺צѪҶ棬ɴͲŻȥˡ
ֱ帣ӵĵصף£צľѪԼΪһ˵
ΣһʵͶһݵ
ҶȴûϵצѪҶлҪǿʮ
˵צѪԡʹǵģô֮ǰñѪԡʱʹ࣬Ǿ
ûˬޱȵĲ


1639 צѪǿ
һͰɢŨצѪҶħ˧㵹ѾǳԡͰ֮УӴҶƤɲǣʱͷ͵ı
Ҷļ˲Ϣ䱻˺ѣ¶˷ۺɫļѪܣצѪȿֺӿȥ
ոձ˺ѵƤٶںϣҶĺķ߶£һɲǣոϵƤٴαѳһ޴Ĵڡ
צľѪӿȥֱצľѪҶ䶯Ƥɿգ޴Ĵٴοʼ䶯ϡ
ҶĹУܶʼ
Ψһб仯ģҶҧطزһƺ
ʱ˺ײ񾭣Ҷᷢ鴤Ҷɼޱȵĳתź
ʵҶĿǰĺǿȣѾ൱Ʒĳ̶ˣצѪȻǿ޷Ҷ˺
Ҫתԭ
תĹ֮Ҷͻһ״̬̺ϢľѪޱȵС
ںϢľѪǰǱԼĺǿ徫Ѫǰͻôޱȡ
ͬʱЧҲóĺá
ǰҶεõצѪʱʱҲޱȵʹࡣ
ǵҶĺǿȴƷĳ̶Ʒĳ̶֮ҶñצѪʱʹʹȽ͡
ʹУһ㣬ҲıȽС
ڣצѪҶʹ࣬ǵҶոտʼñѪʱһʹޱȡ
پһ㣬צѪʱʹ̶ȣ֮ñѪʱʹ࣬Ҫǿʮֹ
ӦģٶȣҲʮֹ
ȻʱûһʹҶ滹ܹĸӦצѪʹ࣬ڻޱȵļ
ǴţҶĺǿȣڷٵ
צѪҶʹ˥ֲôʹĳ̶ȵʱҶĺ壬ͻһ
ҶʹƺСèĽ͸ӵˡ
צѪǹ̵ĿˮһСèǻƤë̵Ŀ䣬Ѫ⴦ѣеĵط¶˰ɫĹ
СèշʽҶȴһ
ҶצľѪУתط塣
СèҲצľѪУһݣһСڵצѪ
ÿСһצѪСèΪϢͻԵһء
СèΪΪΪ
ʼʮ죬СèΪȱء
СèΪҶոյõצѪʱ˼ʮ˳ͻƵͨ񾳵ġ
֮Ҷ澭սСèͷһ̳ǿߵ
ÿһߵ޶ԣǿɶʮȫ󲹰һΪͻͽ
Сèÿ컹پʮѪ͵㣬Ϊһͻͽ
ƾֳˣֻҪѪˣѹҪƣΪﵽˣЩеƾͻѪһһѡ
ؼҪΪı
ԣơ
ǣڵ֮ǰȻֹ
һ·һ·Ϊ۷֮Ҳʮ꣬Ҳ꣬һʱͿͨ졣
˸Ѫǿޱȵ֮⣬ڵؿڣǧ겻ͻơ
ԭӥצһӡ
ڵؿǧ꣬δͻơ
ڣСèͷ棬ȴѹÿǵؿڵ⣬ڣҪǿٵΪ
ͷ̫ޣѪ֧Ϊ֮ǰκεƿ
СèԣѪһ⣬ıԴѪѹ޷֧ٵΪ
⼸ŴڻѪ£СèѪѾսʧΪƿѾʧ
ҶʮʱҶΪͨأСèոͻƵͨһأͷΪҲͨһ۷塣
ǽĹ˴ıѪս̳˴ǿߵ֮ΪѾ׷ϡ
Բ֮սǰСèΪѾﵽͨڣͷΪѪԭΪֱӳԽҶ棬ﵽͨسڡ
û취ͷ̫Ѫ̫ǿˡ
СèڵΪֱӳ±ѪٽϣСèͻΪ̳Ե̫˯
Ҫ˯ȫתЩ
ǾͷһΪ쭵ͨسڣһٽѪڻ¡
ƴƴŽΪͨصҶ棬ֻܸ̾˱ˡ
ֻҪųĿԴǵΪٶȣͻķǳֲ
ľѪĴ֮צѪǲƷеĲƷ
һΣСèѧˣΪ˲һɱѪһԹ࣬˯ȥ
СèҲѧҶһצѪԡͬʱССڵ̷צѪ
£Сè˯ȥϵצѪԼΪ
ͬʱСèȫԡצľѪ֮ڣڱǿͬʱÿһëףҲڲͣצѪ׳š
СèΪԽǿܹܵצľѪԽࡣ
ַ֮£ʼʮĹСèΪʹͨڿ쭵ͨسڣһٳҶ档
ھͷ̬ҶֱӲᡣ
ʮÿһͰצѪΪҲͨسڿ쭵ͨ񾳰ڣСèȻҪǿ
Ҷ˰
һΪԽߣսԽǿ
ҶƣĿǰľͷ棬Ѿ˶Ըǿߵʵˡ
ȻҶɲкôˣ͡ǧ̣ҲٲצѪ
ϧǣ͡Ϊ̫ˣĿǰأñѪǿצľѪ
ݽȥĵһʱ䣬ͻữɷɻҡ
ǧ̵ˣÿ춼צѪԡ壬ʮǧ̵ǿ˶Ҷ治֪ǰɽ壬ȥȴǸӵΰˡ
ϧǣҶħĺǣѹܲצѪĺô
⼸죬ֻ帣Ϊȫ˾ֵأ˷ĵ
ʱһţ帣ڵص׿ռҶʹƺҲԽԽͣԽԽ
帣ӵصϢȴһһǿ
˧ѾڵصʮʱˣҪӦڵʮʱ㡣ֵصĻ꽫ǵҶ鸮֮
Ѿʮô죿Ҷ滺۾


1640 Ŀ
帣ӵ¿ռڣ۾Ҷ棬һδĸо
ʵĸоеʹܹ࣬񫣡
ʳָҶԼƤһ
飡
żֳƵĽ֮һϱߣƤһ㣬ޱȡ
أ
צѪҶһٽͻƵ˵أңڶʮ֮ǰͻƵģ
ͻƵأҶǿȣ൱Ʒĳ̶ȡ
пϧǣͻƵ֮צѪٶȣʹȵļˡ
ñѪٶȣǿֹ
£ͻƵ֮ʮٶȣҲǷǳɹ۵ġ
ҶƣҪеצѪޱȳĻһʱ䣬ĺ壬ӦÿͻƵء
ĻһצѪ϶
ʮ죬Ҷĵ˶ʮצѪʣµצľѪٶ㣬Ҳ͹Ҷͷ
ңҶĺΪԽԽߣÿÿһĵѪԽԽࡣ
ʣµЩצѪԲҶġ
ҶȴЩڴء
̫źĴ֮Уصǿȣ൱ƷǿȣĶԱȡ
ǺĵأȴûĶԱȡ
Ҷ֪ͻƵ֮ǿȻﵽ̶ֳȡ
ҶĿһԻСèͷ桢͡ǧӹ
ʮµ͡ΪΪµԭһֱҶƷ鵤ͱѪǿжΪϢȴԵ
ѾسسڣһΪٶҲǾˡ
ҶϵĺԴȣȴ΢ˡ
ҶڴϵԴ˵ǽǿߣµǿ߶ۺ죬
֮£ǧ̵ûôˡ
ģСèͷ档
ھ˷צѪΪ֮ںСèͷΪҲŻ
СèΪѾͨ񾳰۷壬ͨ񾳾ѾԶˡ
ھͷӵ̫ѪļһʮǰΪѾﵽͨ񾳾۷壬ڻٳûͻƣӦûڻ̡
ҶƣͷͻƵʱ䣬ѾԶˡ
һϣѾһ˿ĴеѹϢ
֮£Ҷ֮࣬˳ǵΪѹͲֵһˡ
Ϊͨسͨڣ̫ˡ
ǽҶٶ˵ȥҲԾˡ
´ͨسͨڣֻ֮Ҫ߸£ҶͿһΪ
ںöͨ߼ǼʮһΪֱûȡ
צѪҲһӵеġ
ĿһȦҶûСèͷ涯֣һսǿǻ޷вǿѾߴƷ̶ȵҶ档
飬һºݵģҶͻ˵
ȷȫɻ
һ£Ҷ滹齫Ʒ鱦ĳ̶ȣһɲԳƣԴںǿżƵĽ֮ʵÿһ춼ڻָ
׼ˣһѵ
Ҷۣһɺˮ͵׶ظǻҶұۡ
׸ֵɲǣʱҶұ۱ƤΪһ壬·ϱߵһ㣬ȥӵʵ
ҶһʱܳһֱûֻѵĺΪԵʣ
ݣ
ƿϹһɽĽ⣬նҶϡ
ҪǱˣ϶۾
ǣҶȴĿ
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ɽնȥɲǣҶ͵ϸϸܵ˲Ϣ£ȥɽɵͳױɢ
ɽ֮Ҷֱۡ
ɽҶɲǣԵʲһ㣬ÿнһ֣˷ļͻصļѹ֮赲Ž
ָо˼зһ㣬ÿǰһ֣ǰѹͻɱӡ
Ľɷѹ޷˵Ҷ
գɽҶĺ赲£ֹ֣ͣδǡ
鶸¶飬СӣаҷŶõʵѾԽƷ鱦ķˡ
Ҷû˵һոձпֱ˿ڣʼٵĻָ
ͻƵصķҶеǿƷ鱦֡
ҶٸһƷȫĻƷ鱦Ҳδܹ˵Ҷˡ
ˣ׼һ£ҪˡҶӴһ˾ѵɲǣҶƾʧ
ҶٴγֵʱѾɽ䭵իˡ
ӵҶѶĸɽ䭣ָЦҶЦðСӵİضҺԺˣ󱨰
٣Ҫǽ⣬뿪ǰԺŵݰҶٺЦ
ˣ
Сûı£˰ɣ󱨾󱨰ɣԺ˲Ц
˵ɣʲô£
׼뿪ɵˣ뿪֮ǰ֪ϴ˵Ǹйز䱾Դ£Ϣ
ûлظҶʵ
ϢˣǰϢˣ̫ҪҾûд㣬֪ɽ˵
ҶһϲʲôϢ
Ĺ£ϵʽϵˣ˻ӦȴЩŹ֡˵
ôŹַ
ȻƶеƭӣԳĿ˵ǼȻ鱨Ҫô취ǵҪŪӰ
˵Ҫʱ䡣˵
ԣҶ۾һĿ˵ô鱨˵ģ
ˣôظģ
ɽ䭰ҶһۣȻǹٷظˡֻҪûߣǾһֱţһֱЧ
ϣ˵ҪҪϵһ̽أܹ䱾ԴʵЩ衣һСҶеż
¼£˲ãֱ˵ķҶ뷨õӰܷԼΣպѶȣȻǰ׼
ܹ䱾Դÿһվ֮ҪȡΣգһ㣬㲻ܼ
ʱõҲܼһҪȫ׼ǰȥ̽ɽ֣ޱȵ˵
˼ϢҶصĵͷǽɽ仰˽ȥ
ˣϷһ£ҲһϢ벻֪ɽͻ˵


1641 ڶƹ
һ£ɽôһ˵Ҷһһʱ侹Ȼû˵ļ¡
ɵȾĴĵǿƷ̣㲻Ϸ׷һߵǸ귨𣿡ɽѵ
Ʒ̣
ɽôһᣬҶˣǿ¹Ҷҵ̵
Ҳʱ̫࣬һһҶ澹Ȼ顣
ǰ֮Ϸʹȥø̺ŵļʦǷ귨
Ҫ֪ڵļʦ붼ãϷµĽչͿ˺ܶࡣ
һǰǱߵһֺŵļʦһƵľƷУҵһʮƵķ
ϸһԱȣƷе귨žųõʸϵļλʦԶԱȹóۣ귨󣬳ͬһ֮֡
ǸƷ̵귨ֻǱҵǸ귨һϢѡ
һ·ݶϣǸ귨һϩʦңҪǣϩʦֵʱ䣬׷ݵ֮ǰ
ƷĸߣƷƷΪҲ鱦䶯һʱڣĳУûзƷˡɽ˵
ô˵ҲûඣҶʵ
ԣɽ䭵˵ͷȷʵˣϩʦмѰġ
ҪѰҵǸɾͼ˲֪ٱ
ҪѰ䣬Ϸ԰æ˵
Ұɣ㲻ҵΪϩʦܹϵܣ̡Ҷ˵
ɽ䭵˵ͷû⣬֪ģ飬Ҫõõۺڲ顣
Ϸִֻµ嶽£ǾķãҪеӦò١
û˵꣬ɽԸЦˣڵңӦòںЩʱ֪ͨǡ
ɽ䭶ҶĹذٲֳû߶䣬ҶСģʥӥ塣
ʥӥ̫ʱ񣬾ҲִݺѪ̵ļ塣
Ȼ£ʥӥϱǶ֣ǣԭӥԭӥðոݵģҪҶǧСġ
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ɽԣҶϵצѪҲǵۺ죬ҶСЩ
Ȼõİ취ǹצѪá
צѪҶдãҶ治üֻĵ뿪ˡ
Ȼ˵ڼܹ㳯ĿţҶ浽Ϊֹһµʱ䣬Ҳż뿪
λص۶ְǣ̫࣬¹شҶôҲö׼
ңһα֮£иʥŪһһէģҶôҲûȥǽһ鱨ֻʣԪӻصıʲôӦļƻӦԡ
ֻнһȫ׵ҶſܻȫӦڵ
СèΪڻѪЩҲֽô֣Сèٶ첻˵ƿҲԽԽС
Сèɵأ·Ҳûֵע⣬Ҷһˣ˳˳ĵִ˶
УҶһη̵ĵһվ
ʦ㣬һˡĵһʱ䣬Ҷ͸ηɰ׷һѶ
ֱ궼һˣ˵룬Ǽٵġ
νСʤ»
һ겻ȴѾˣ˵Ҳܣ·Ȼ˵֯Ҳġ
һǰҶ뿪ʱѾࡣ
ʦηɰ׺ܿͻ˷ѶѶȴЩ࣬ĸպã̺Ŵ
Ҷһһξͻ˶ĵһ̺ڶеܲڡ
Ҷθո̺ܲϷɲǣʹ̺ܲ𣬵Ҷǰ
Ϊ׵ģҶİĽǿߣλУҶһ䣬Ӧڶյˡ
λˣǶĵشﲻ⣬ͷĽǿ˵
״Ҷ˵ͷЩˣӦǶеĲְġ
ǡ
Ҷ˵ҶӡĶ˾ϲҵȼƹġ
˵꣬æǿ߽λˣλˣǶеĶƹģжġ
̺ŵĶƹλܲʶ̺ߵˣʶҶЦ˵
ԭҶΪܷˣû뵽ͷĽǿ۾һͺȵʲôƹƵģУҼƹܲܽȥÿҼƹģ
Ҷ۾һУһ˿ΣյĹâ


1642 ȸռ𯳲
ô˵е߽룬ƹඣҶǣЦ
ԸļһҪñ˵ͬ⣬ֱǻ֮
٣˭ȥ͵ȻõҼƹͬУŰɡǽǿ˿Ҷ棬ԹԵ˦ַһѶ
Ҷһ䣬͵ǰ벽ҪǲȣھҪأҶУɢ޵ɱ
ǽüëһȻҶ⶯ֵ˼Щ⣬ȴ˿壬ҲЦԣ
ҵҪ˭ң
ЦһҶһͷ̺ܲĴ¥
ǿߵ飬ʱȴޱȣԴصϢ˲Ϣʹ߶˼£ɱ糱ˮһӿҶ档
Ѳͷı⣬ƺ˵ãؾǹأλ߶¹أ±ߵ˾Ҫִеס
˵ϣҶ澹ȻֱѲͷ壬ҡڵĴѲͷǰӹ
˲Ϣ䣬Ѳͷ켱ˣ󣬾̺ŵܲҪǵȥˣǾʧְˡ
ĿһһɢɭɭɷĽƥҶ浱ͷ¡
˽ľ룬صΪ֣ҶǱ޿ɱܣֻӲӡ
ѲǴһбҶ棬ԣһУҲ˼ûгȫ
û뵽ǣҲֵľٶһ
Ѳͷ쾪ǣǰĵƥĽ⣬Ȼܣֱֱӭ
ҪӲɣѲͷͷ͵һͷ
һɲǣѲͷͫ׶һǰĵȻĽӲӲ
⽣⣬ƷĽ⣬˵ͨ񾳵ߣصߣҲһնɱ
飡
µɲǣҶ΢΢˲Դù⣬ý˼򴦡ԴӲӽ⣬ȻҶԴҲӲҶûԴȺá
һɲǣѲͷ졢Ѳ۾˲ϢɵĸͭһС
ɢ
ǼƷĳҶ֮˵һͱ߸ߵĵ
Ҷļֻһӣ¶ƤϣһӡӶû¡
˲Ϣ䣬۾һɣͷͬʱӹһ뷨ⲻ𣿡
ҲһɲǣҶţһ·ɽһѲͷؿڡ
꣡
ܼĹͷѵѲͷؿֱһ飬˸Ǳ߷ɣѾѪĭӿ
˵Уд𾪡
ӦңҪǿ״ִµϣѾˣ
Ҷ浹ûԣֻԺΣûɱˡ
ҪȻѲͷ죬ͲֻҶһˣаףֻܰɷɻҵˡ
ЦһЦٴƲ̺ܲķ
ǽѲͷؿھ飬˵һѲ̺ܲҶ棬λεͣȴֲ
һĻԶյѲּ𾪡
õĹغϣº£һѲջǹ׼Ҷ档
ֻҪˣû£ҲǾˣΪãֱܵͣûĺӣ͵ͷˡ
һˣһϣѲһõѲһҶ档
ҶĿһ׼ǵƣЩˣѪǲ᳤Եġ
ֵʱ̺ŵܲڣͻȻ˼ˣһ˴ȵס֣
ҶĿ⣬ȴȫһʦηɰϣʦηɰɣֻǲ֪Ի£ȥЩƣ
ǣƹ񣡡׼ƴһѲʱɴ⣬ޱȵȥ
ǸƹĿ⣬ȴ˵ĽѲͷϣ鲻ɵһ䡣
ô£ƹʵ
ʱѲҶһ£ƹɫһ䣬漴Цԭǵˣᣬ£ʵᰡǴˮ
ңû£
룬룡ƹĲܱɳȥַֺŵĶһ仰ͽĿǰλһɶ
ģκ˿ţᡣ
ǣƹ룬Ҷȴվԭأ˿ûжһ͵Ŀ⿴ƹ
ƹһЦǣ
ƹҵĵ̰ɣˣҲȥֲҽȥɣ
ֻߣҲ֪ʱиˣҶЦ
һĨ֮ɫƹһƹЦҸˣǸǸ
˵꣬ǸƹһԣҶÿ·
ҶһƮʦηɰߣֻסηɰ׵§ηɰ׿ܲš
ˣ
ƹģ
ڳĸǾڳһһʺá
ǼɣлҪʡ
ҶЩеһһȴƫƫûǸƹ
ǸƹҲ˵ãһҲһֱЦеĿҶ档
ֱҶ̺ܲŵʱλƹżˡ
͵һסҶ漴ҪϵĴš
Ҷһͷƹǣ
ĳҲýȥЩ¡
ƹѵû䣿ҷŲδҵĵ̣ɣҶЦ
֮ɫƹһţȻǿһ˿Цݵû÷ֺţǶеҪ顣
ǡдҪˣҲãǾͽ¸
£
Ҷ治мƲƲ죬ָ컹ûأʲô£̸Ҷٴιš
ƹУһ˿ŭ𣬷ˣһɫһֻص÷ֺΪеĺ飬ΪеҪɲ֡
ҽ飬㻹ǴţҵǰжǼ飬һһ򣡡ƹϣظв֮⡣
ޣΣҵҪҶǸһ˿Ц
ʱñ˶˵ҶҲʲô
Ҫȸռ𯳲Ľడ
ʵڸúʱҶҲǹҶ沢û롣
һɽ䭵ı֤Ҫ⣬½ĶһݵĵرԴ˭ҲߣҲû⡣
û뵽ǰΣǷˡ
ҲҲӣҪǶǺɾͲܹܵˡ
ʱӶг룬Ƕġƹһв
вң
ҶЦһһԵĸǾۿҶҪǳˣϵǣҶȻתһЦ˴ţȻˣǾͽ̸̸
˵꣬Ҷת̺ܲǾյһȻҶôͻȻˡ
ֻзǳϤҶηɰףҶУɭȻɱ


1643 Է
̺ܲ¥߰ڷһǳһĻϣڷŲˮĻвϡ
Ȼ֮ǰʦηɰסǾǾںƹ飬˵̸С
ڴΣʣ۾ΣҶѾĲˡ
Ȼ˵յڳѾҶ棬һֺ֧ʦηɰ׵ľ
ǣʦηɰǺεˣ½ɱײͷ
죬ֻηɰѾյڳ棬֪еƣѾϾ˺̶ֳȡ
ĿӸƹһɨҶ滺˫ֳƹʲôҪʲôҪ飬˵
κ¶ֻҪͨ飬ҶԾİ壡
ã
ƹоһҶĶ棬һ֣ͽǰһЩҵļƵҶǰ
÷ֺǶչѾ˸ˣͶ˴ͲǶд˴Ŀ̻
̶̰˸ڣеĳɽܶʮϣһĿǶйȥһµĿ
ǵĺ£Ѿʼٷչ
ǴĴ֣ǶһĿհףĵˡ
Ĳ˵ĽıҿյѾֹһε˹飬ɧš
Ƕû򰵵ĵˣΪˣ÷ֺŵѾ֡
˵Ĺг⡢˰ɣĺɣƹһʵҶȵ
ԣҶޱĵ˵ͷûȷʵг⣬ȷʵ
Ҷ϶ƹɫһ䣬һӾˣأ
Ǹô̺࣬أʲô֮⣬ǵĺҪ󣬼֮
֪̺ŵĺڿǵĺ⣬÷ֺţ׳УǶġ
ƹڶвˡ
Ҷ治֪ƹôĵвҶҪС
ҶҲûŷȻǺҶ滹ÿǵҪҪǺҪҶŲӦǾе㲻ɽˡ
֪ǵĺҪʲôҶʵ
ƹһļһƵҶǰļǵļҪĿϸ
УǸҪԭ򡢺ϸԼδǰ
ĺϸ𣿡Ҷһ䣬ͽļõС
÷ֺŵƹԣȴͦĸֱˡ
ãרҵҵ֮֯һ飬Ȼޱȵ֡
ǿҪĵһҶüͷһ壬Ͷر䡣
ĻǺҪ
ѾҪȸռ𯳲ˣǺϷĶȨˣһҪӦִȥò˼ʱ䣬еˣͻ÷ֺš
ʱ򣬲ݴе̺ţģǶԶĿӪӪԼҵ̺ţȻÿȷֺ档
ҪĵһҪеѲͳ죬ĿǰĶճϳһøߵպεĽǿߣܶѲһ
Ѳ䡢ѵȫѲͳ
ȻƹҲһ߼һ߲磬Ѳͳͬʱηɰ׺÷ֺƹĵȡ
ͬʱѲĿǰݷΪӣԭеѲͳԳһ֧ѲĶӳ
֣ܳ󲿷ֶָõģؼʱ̲õȡ
ŵҲܺãҶ
ǣƨҲףֻҪӦηɰڹؼʱָܹӶλõѲͳŹ֡
飬ǽ滻ΪңǾǵͬڽһҵĹȫˡ
ɥȨҪֳûʲô
һηɰҪǴӦ˲Ź֡
ڵڶȻȵһףȴǮࡣ
ڵĽ滮衢⣬ȫ̺ŵ
ϣ̺֮⣬Щ룬ռһеĳɡ
ڣ÷ֺĿǰ滮̫ΪɣҪ齨µĹ滮С飬ͬʱڸ̡ĽףҲҪȫ÷ֺŵ
ҪǴӦˣ̺žֻʣ½Ȩˡ
һϣηɰҲеķ̳ϣ÷ֺſһִ½ල½̺ŵĹ滮ƣ÷ֺſרҵƴʦơ
ǣзƹȴܣһ㶼ܸġ
еҪ󣬶ܱͷͷȴִ£±ߵļҪְλȫҪ÷ֺŵ˳Ρ
֮ͷһ飬ҲҪһȥҪ
֮⣬ж˰ˡܱߵˡ̺šеĺˣȫҪһֲ˵Ҫռλ
㣬ࡣ
ȥܶԣҪǴӦˣҶഴĶУͳɱ˵ˡ
úĳԣΪ˿ǿУֻɽһɵķӶѡ
û뵽ھȻҡ
Ҷڻ޷ȷɽ䭵˼š
Ҷģ䭶̬ȣɽ䭻
Ϊúɽ䭵ӣҶҲϷɱˣΣôҲøɽһӡ
ЩûУϸ꣬ҶޱĿƹ
ԣƹһϲӦˣ
㻹ûУҶȵ
ʱûУԺжģÿһΣ䡣ƹ˵ġ
Ҷ氵һЦˣҪÿ겹һΣҪװռĶˡ
Ҷ汳ηɰסǾûһ˵ǶҶǸЩǰЩĺֻҪɵˣ;ԲӦ
ڣֻ֪Ҷδ£
ǿӲܾ
ǵɱˣ
ҶΪȴǳ˵ϡ
ǸƹεĿУҶóһ̣ȻǶƷʯ
СͨѶŲǣƹЩɻ
Ҷûлشֻǵ˵棬дһޱȵţʮ𼱣ӦȻŽСͨѶŲ
״ƹЦҪҹϵãһȫҹϵûκõġ
Ҷû˵ֻǾĿŹ⻪˸СͨѶŲ󣬵ȴǱߵĻӦ
ɵϣɽһֵµִ¡ڿᣬɵȾĴᣬĸ²ʱˣֵ׼ҵʢˡ
ո˵⣬һѶɽ䭵Уһۣɽɫʹ˴䡣
ŲͯӷѶļֵڰ˺СͨѶŲһţֻ֣ʮ𼱣Ӧ
ŲͯӲֵ֪ڰ˺СͨѶŲһ˭ɽȴҶ棡
ʮҶ档
ӡҲӵһˡ
Ҷ淢⼸֣϶ˡ
ָʾҶӣģģʵա
ҶΣѣҪһʱ価ĽİæԳ⣬ܽҶ泹ġ
ɱҶ棬ȥԮ֣ʱȴָ㡣
оҶˣ壬ͬ飬ֻҪٸôΣþͻ᳹׵Ľġ
ڣµģҶæҶ治鷳
ɽٶȣصۡľ޴ĵص֮С
ΪõĴִ£һҪҪĶ࣬ԣһ͵ĵصң߰ڷŵСͨѶŲһСͨѶŲŲͯͻʱ֪ͨ
ҶѾյк˵
ʮϢʱ䣬ҶǰŲϵĹ⻪ٴɽ䭵š
ţҶ濴һһͷˮƹ־ͽƹոƹǷҪļŵСŲϡ
ȻҶױдһţϣ˼˼ȫհ죡
һļٴȫʧ
СͨѶŲһߣɽ䭿ҶżݵʱͱЩżæǷļ
ɨһۣɽ䭶ͷ亹ʱ
ĸں
⼸ҪǱȥ֮ǰҶĻǰ˵ǽҶ룬Ҷͻǵĵˡ
ҪǽǧˣԺʦ
һɲǣɽ䭺޲ɱˣ
һҷӡոմһϢɽ䭾ĻУǵţϹȥһˡ
죬Ϸҹ̣죡
ɽҲкһʹżٶȼһ۷ٵĸ˶С
û뵽ΪҪҶùϵȶŦϵеĺ¼ңȻ
ɽԽԽԽԽż
е÷ֺƹ˰رѡöһɼɫƹɹȥġ
еĺˣԽִ磬û뵽ǳˡ
ǷҪǾѾǺˣִȵˡ
ɽ䭾ģҶûеɱˣѾڸˡ
УҸϹȥҪ죬֮ٳʲô£ֵҶɱˣͲ鷳ˣάֵĹϵĴˮƯˡ
һɽ䭾ͿɳѲԱ١
Ϣ֮ɽĿһףг̣ڶи
죬ϵºɽ䭵
ͬһʱ̣ϣȴǸӵĽš
죬ʱ䣬һĴ𸴡Ҷ濴ƹ˵
ƹĽüһУ
˵죬ǰ춼ܵˣ£̺ţѾǰ˸ˣǵģѾױĹˡ
ʱʱܸ֮һĴ𸴣÷ֺţʱȫС
ͬʱҲС̺Ź̺ųֹ
÷ֺţûһ˿һĹϵƹǰȻ
Ͱյ̺ŵѨǱ˱ʤĵˣΪףв£̺ŲӦҲôӦ
ԣҶһ࣬ЦҺܺ棬˭ôĵӣ
ƹ΢΢һƺʲô󣬾ͽǸӰ׵Ժ󣬡ҵΪһƹְڣұĿɽã
Ҫ˵˭ôģҲã
˵ţƹޱȵһֺȵţɳ©ʱ
һɲǣһʱõɳ©ͱӣƹָɳ©ڿʼʱ֮ڣٲӦ÷ֺţϳ룬ҹ
ž
һ׹Ѹ׵Ĵƹ⧲֮£ͱ׹˸š
׹ȵļݣǸƹȵķ˳
˭ôĵôģŭһȺ˳ͬʱȵˣֱӾͽǸɳ©һĵķ顣
ƹģǵˣˡǰҶɵĽѲӸ˽һμ
ֱʱƹſǰ˭øִ֮µĵһˣһº
ǿЩƹĶͷ˾
æһƹ񣬡¼
£ȴûκƹֱ˼ֱӺȵȺִ¹䣡
һԣƹȶˣΪ£״ִҪԹ
һɲǣƹһ־ޱȵĿ⿴Ҷ棬ѵһϵˡǸˣǴִ䭣
Ҷһ


1644 ͷ
֪ܺúôһɽסң÷ֺŵפȷʵǴ˺ôǻΣ
һһ죬ܲͲֻû뵽ڴӦǵһҪ֮󣬾ȻôߣͼıǶȨԡ
Ҷ𱸵Ŀ£ʦηɰЩίĽ͵
ԺУηɰôһ˵Ҷʱ⵱еԭί§ηɰ׵һԡ
ʦ㣬£ҡû㽲Ǻȷʵ֮ףġ
⵱еһʱҲ˵
ʦֻҪסһ㣬ǲÿõɫ¡ǺãֻǺѡ
УֻһɵķӿԷֺ죬پ̺ԼΪ
֮⣬УȫǵģһУǵ־Ϊ
Ҳ÷ֺſ飬ǣģԶǡң÷ֺţҲ÷ǵĹҶ˵
ηɰգһ۾Ȼصĵͷ
Ȼ˵ˣԺҪǷǵµˣɱҡηɰ׽ü͵һ
ƹˣҪˣҲǰҶ˵
ԣηɰһˣ÷ֺŵƹ񣬴ôã
õˣʱһһġ˵ҶͻһЦʦ㣬Ҹ׼ôң
㣿
ÿʲôˣܹҿģҡηɰֹ
ҵܹ㿪ģ͡ҰڲҶǸһ˿Ц
ηɰϼ˫գʦηɰ׿ɲһˣôᱻ˿˿ŵ
ãҲ⣬Ƚ˵
úúãȿ͸׺ϲ⡣ʦ㰡һΣһ׼Ҷ˵
ҿ
ҶͳһöҶ澫̵ġǱɷĸ֡
Ҷϱ˪ӻζսʱζʩչܹ˪˵Ǳɷ
Ҷֻǻ˱˪ӻζȻܴӻζõǱɷ
ǣζʩչǱɷԪ鰢ͻǱɷ
ַǳ
ŵٵͨ񾳡ҲȫС
Ԫ鰢Ļ˵Ǳɷ̫ʱҲԿǿ
밡ҶܺҶŶԵǱɷܹ
ôϲ𣿡Ҷηɰ״Կ꣬Цʵʵ
ϲʺηɰ׵˵ͷﲻҿĵĳ̶ȡ
ţأ
ҶͳһҩƿҶɵȾĴĵͨʥԽͨΪֱһء
ҶЩǣʦηɰһʱһֱڶУ˴֮⣬ҹҹڿޣҶ棬ʱ䶼ڸ·
ԣʦηɰ׵ΪȻͻƵͨһأҶеʱ䣬Ҫ˰ࡣ
ڣηɰ׷ͨʥոպá
Ϊֱͨ񾳶ϣȷʵǺö˵ţηɰͷҶ档
˼ײ
ϲǴﲻĵĳ̶ȡ
Ҷüͷһ壬ʦ㣬ⶼ㿪İҸ׼ĵԶԶȲûϷˡ
ҪǾûϷȽԡ
ҶɿȻ׼ˣǻóɣ㵽ϲϲҶóһӡ
ʦ㣬򿪿Ҷ˵
ηɰɻĿҶһִۣ˺иǣ򿪵ɲǣͷһͺþϲѡ
һǧоƵıܳһ֪ĿȥɫҰɢŵ㡣
һһɫҰĻ㣬ηɰٶȣܳӴȥȻϲõĿ⿴Ҷ档
ϲҺܿģ
˵꣬ηɰ׾ǰ§סҶĲӣ˽ż⡭
׼ȷ˵ǻʱ䣬ɽ˵ˡ
ɽ䭵ٶȣҶ滹ҪĿ졣
ǺѾһס̬ɽ䭻ҹ˹
Ҷ֮࣬һ£ǴǸƹȻҶһ
ִ£Ѿˡ棬ôûʲô⡣
ֻԴڵĹأΪ˾ɼΪÿһεĿлһõΣ뷽跨׳еͬʱ̶У׳÷ֺšǸƹһ˵ĺ˵
䭵ɫȴһǣϷǰ֮ǰԽ
˵һ룬˵סˣʱģȫȫкһҪ֤еİȫ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣ£沢û
ִ£֮׵ҲһѲνйϵˣɽáȵ
ԣ͵һӣ˵ȴ£˹ƻ󣿲һ㣬ɴ棬֪
ѾڵĳӶˣ⼸죬ѶУ侭⵱еԵɸ˵߰˰ˡ
ִ£֪֪ִ³ͷʹ
ߣͷȻٲˡһӵĻȻ֪⣬ġ
ͷȥСĿɽۡɣ
һ۾һɣʱ̱ڵأ


1645 ĹŹ
СӵڶĿɽɽΪѡ
ͨ˱˵ǿɣڿɽ涼һ⣬һΪߡ
ϣûκһԸֿһĹԣõ߿󹤣ǴӸСսū
֮⣬ڲùԱ
һ£СɽʮۣǿԳܡ
ǰ꣬Ǿĺֲܿˡ
ĿǰΪֹս󹤣ܹڿɽмֳģʮһ
õĴֿ̫̣ɽҪ߳ܿɳʯû̫ʱָ
ջ֮£ߵᱻ͸֧ԽԽԽأΪһ½·䡣
ȻûṩһƷʯǻָʱ˻ãʱ䳤ˣϾͷˡ
֮ɽĴãƹ棬ܹɹְ꣬ⱲҲǷˡ
ңܹڿɽлꡣ
һӾͻˣɽ䭿ͷġ
ȴ˿Ҳû棬һøôѪŬȫ׷ѣܹԭŹ֡
㿴Ϸ⴦⣿ɽ䭳Ҷʵ
һʱ;ˡ
궼õ̶ˣԶٷ֮ٵĻϵҪʵⲻ⡣
Ҫǵ⣬ǵñǧΣ
ڣʲôݣ
ƾһɽ˶Դ
ҶڵݵΣǲ֪ģʱȴޱȵĺڣڵĳӶˡ
ҪһΣԻᰲȵҸӺȺȲ̸̸ģҵҪСҪ
ĴãҶ治֣䭵ĴãҶҲˣҲ͵˵ͷ
ͺáôϷ֪÷ֺһεƹ񣬿ʲôҪ󣿡ʵ
ıˣһͻ֮һ
ҪûУʵƹ񡭡
˵һ룬ҶĻͻشסĿ⿴ϡ
ηɰԣһȷʵǸ˲ţǶȨһ㡣
Ҳ³Ҷţ£ⷬô֮棬ɱҲҴеİ⡣
ңʹʹ
Ҷģǰôλ棬Ӧʵѡ
ҪһԽ֪᲻ʲô۶ӡ
ҶǽԼ뷨һ˵Ѿ棬ʱץ˾һ㣬Ŷϵɽ䭺Ҷͷѡ
ִ£ִ¸һĻᣡһΣ¾ԲκԽһȫ̺š
ɽ䭺εˣʱҶ˼
תһ룬ô˵ܸһ㡣
£汻ģǾԲٷͬĴġ
ҲãȻΪ飬һΣ׼ǣҪסٸΥ֣κԽնģɽ
ӹһٵ棬ϲˣҶ棬ҲǸм;η
ƹļȻΣǲɷϣ̺ŵĺУЩ飬ȷʵûȷ
Щ飬ƹģҲİ塣
Ѳ⡣
Ŀǰ󲿷־ӢѲȫõĸ֣Ѳͳȴ̺ŵˡ
˭ָ˭Ǹ⡣
£ɽ󣬽鶨õĸ֣ȫѲͳָӡ
ͬʱһͳ죬÷ֺŵƹΣԷָõĸ֡
ͬʱõѲϣηɰ׵˵ָӡ
֮⣬ֺ⣬Ҳһһ顣
ɽںܶ෽棬òȴҶ֮С
ɽ䭣ƺڸҶ鰡
ֻǣҶԴҲ벻ɽôԭ
ɽ鶨µֺϸڣȴ÷ֺڶ̺ŵĺһõĻ
ɽ뿪ηɰҲͱҶ档
Ҷǰְʱ䣬ѾʮˣҶҪ·ˡ
Ҷ뿪֮ǰϹħĻ꽫ǣ˶С
Ի꽫ǵսĿǰ̺ŷȱεõһơ
һ֮Ҷʥˮ֮У͵õҶϢʥѾĵȺʥˮ
ҶϵǣʥΪȻҶеҪǿĶࡣ
ҶĿǰĵǣǱڱϽˮϾҶԣǴ󻼡
ĵܣǰҪ뾡һа취̽ĶͱϢ
Ҳȷʵõ˴ϢΣȴЩŹ֣


1646 ʥżƻ
Ԫֻӻ¸ҶԤ˵顣
ҶʥǲģǱ֮顣
Ҷ֪ıʲôΪ䵽ʲô̶ȵȵЩ鱨
Ҷ汾Ϊ˴ӻ֮ǻϢײ
û뵽ȴƵƵһһټˮ󽫣һµţҲһЩϵˮʧ
󣬸گϰˮˮǰȫǰ񡢲ȫһһټ
ʥˣҲڴ
ӵʥ˾ģ᲻أ
᲻Ǳ֪ҶĹϵǹȥȻһ򾡣
ھʦĸԼʿķ֮ǾģԷǳС
ӦǱʧȥ֮һȹȨж
һǾѵĴ̽ʵϢ
ԣûϵҶ棬ǰ˱Ȼͼ˱
ŹֵģȴǱˡ
ģ֮ǰڱʱģûκα仯
ҲòøĻı䣬ǱɢϢȴ޷αװ
ָ߽ѪɢѹʥǸʥһֱܵĿ־塣
һ㣬Բκλܹαװġ
ǣʧȥŨҵѪѹ
Ȼܶ࣬Ȼ˵Ҳ࣬ϵӦЩϡˣͱȽټˡ
צǾķǳˡ
ĶǷë۽ǡ
ǣʥȴԿ϶Լ˱ѪѹѪ޽ӽצܹӵеġ
ǣʧȥż£ȥһצ᣿
κһצʵޱǿĴڣʧȥıܹԸģ
Ǳģ
ʵ̫ŹˣڣʥǻûвȻ
ֹŹҶҲ벻𰸡
ˣ磬ûб̫Ӱ῵ϢҶʵ
ʥҡҡͷйر̫Ӱ῵Ϣһ˿ûУ棬һ棬ƺޱʵ
Ҷ˵ͷӦġ
ԴӱϮҶ֮󣬱Ԫӻȥ֮󣬵һ£Ҷ̫ӰʩԱ
һʱڣҶǣѹ޷Ӧ̫Ӱ῵ĴԼλϢҲޡ
ֻǿȷλ̫ӰΏţҪͨǣͷĿǰ
ϴ϶ĵܣȻѾʶĵܵݣҲ˺
ƺʥͻȻѹصɨһȦʧȥҲԪˣǺβô˻ʳĵ׳Լأ
ôģҪ׵ںǾҲʱ䣬Ҫָȥʵʱ䶼ɣ
ʱڣǱӦûΪסǴˮҲΪġ
ʱ䣬£ٿͳһ֮һˮпһ롣
ʱ򣬾ָҲǷͥˡƺʥ˵
ʥĿҲҶ棬ƺƺʥΪͬһ㡣
Ϊ
Ҷ֣ƺʥٴοڵĵܣΪ飬㲻õģûз֣ǼΪͽ˺ü𣿡
ƺʥѣҶ滹ûע⣬һѣҶʱ֣ʥΪһʱ䣬ķȻ湻ġ
Ҷ뿪ʱʥΪߵľʥҲΪͨһڣƺλΪոոͻƵͨ񾳡
ǽһ겻Ĺ򣬾ʥΪѾͨسڣС磬ܹ׷Ҷˡ
ʥΪѪ׵ԭΪͣͨسڣƺʥͨغڡ
һʱ䣬ÿ˶صΪ
ٶȣʮһΪ߶ԣֱĲ˼顣
ҶҲЩ㲻ˡ
ĵܣ뿪һ꣬ľʦĽ飬ˮܱ̾Щƴȫ塣
ˣǽɻ󲿷ֵĸƷȫǸıǵѪȽףϣֻҪ㹻ǵΪһֱ
ټ½Ĵ½طԲͻʱƿϣ½һˣͿͻơ
˵ʥüͷһܹս꣬ǼΪͻƵӦò⡣
սĹԷĽǿߣԡʥĿ⿴Ҷ档
˼ײ
ǵУҶΨһһԶԿǿߵĸֻ֣Ҷ룬ǵżƻʵʩȥ
ֻҪôһλ߼λǿߣǲܾȫû
˵ʵʥżƻһֱҶģ¾ôҶҲֻǸ뷨ûоļƻ
ᣬҶȴ˵ǽĿ⿴һֱһŵʿĸˡ
Ҷ֪ǵ뷨ĸȻʥֱӷ˾ʦ
ľʦżƻʲôҶʵ


1647 ĺͥ
ҶѯʣĸӣĸʥߣģʵС½Ҷ档
Ҷѯʣпܹغδĵλشĺãʦ֮¾ʵˡ
ǻش𲻺ã¾Ͳ˵ˡ
˼һ£֯һԣĸڡ
ʥżƻĿǰԣʣȴûнҪһ㿼ǽȥĸ˵
ĺͥĸûӣֱӵؼ㡣
ˮһʱ䣬ϷܹѼ˹żȫϸжһͨڴкųƻҵĹ壬á
Ϸŵ֪ҪΪĴ½ĳڵ֮ĺͥϿɡ
һõĺͥϿɣͳңĺͥϿ֮󣬾ͱĻĺͥı
һ֣ĺͥͳ֧ԮǱ
Ĵֱܴ󣬻ĺͥǿԳ֣˴ܵ֡
һǴģʳ鱻֣㿸˱ķôһĺͥԮ
ʱĺͥǿ߳棬ĺ֧ͥԮôǾͱذɡĸ˵
ԣҶ˵ͷĺͥ飬Ҷ֪ġ
ҲΪǹ˼ĺͥҶûڴȵˮĵ̣ɰȵڱˮڻӡ
ǣĺ̫ͥʱаϵĴжٵģңˮ֮У߼ࡣ
֮ĺͥʵɲ⣬˵ʮ꣬¾ǧ꣬ûжԿĺͥʵ
Ҫǰľʦô˵һֻСĹڱˮ֮УԶ޷ඣҶʵ
һƺʥʱˣҪһӣǱˣ
ƺʥ𼱣ڴ£пǣߣɹλʥѡáĸг˵
ߣ£ֵҶԾˣҶû뵽ĸȻѾǵˡ
ޣΪ²ߣΪϲߣ˵Ҷ˵
λʥ˵²ߣ²ߣʵ򵥣򺣴ʥһʱÿķſס꣬Ȼ䵱ܣıҵ׳չ
˲֮ף¶Ҫͨб¶֮ӣһ¶٣ĸ˵
²߲УԪ֮УеܼӳֵԪػҪ꣬ѣ˵˵ϲ߰ɡҶ˵
ʥϲߣܼ򵥣Ӧڸʥϡĸ˵
Ŀ⿴ȥɲǣʥһӦϣҿɲ֪ʲôϲ²߰
λʥ¶෽˽֪ĺͥϿɵʷΪ֮УѪ͵ģҲצ
ѪΪצ֮󣬴ӸڻõĺͥϿ֮󣬳Ϊ֮ĸ˵
˼ö硭Ҷһ
򺣴ʥ˵ûµ˼øʥѪĿǰĽѪΪӦѪΪצѪ
ֻҪʥѪΪצѪôǾͿǰĺͥȡĺͥϿɡ
Ͽ֮󣬾ͻĺͥš
Ĵ½֮ڣһ֣ĺͥض֯
ǣڸ֮ڶȴܡֻ֮Ҫʱ򸲺ʥĺͥϿɣǾͿԹ̲ĵ̣ĵ̡
˵ĸһ٣˲ϣѶСҲգΨһѪޱȵѣҪһĻԵܽס
£ĿǰҲ֪ʥѪʱܽΪצ
ԣʥЩȻҶѪ׳Ϊ˽
ѪӽΪӦҪһ֡
ѪӦΪצǻϿܡ
ԭܼ򵥡
Ϊģֻᴿ;ѪãֻܽӵеѪֳȴƾѪ
ʥѪУ̫źѪӡǶôһƣǺڷ֮һûС
ξѣ
Ѫõİ취ɸ߽ѪȻ̺Ѫӡ
ø߽Ѫ̸ס
壬ǿɻǱ˵Ѫķ㣬Ҳĸ߽ҩ
ʥҪţǣ£Ҫףңңڡ
ʥȻޱȵʱҶȴһ£ֱҪ˯ͷ
ĸһʦĲ
Ҷֻ뵽ĺͥȴû뵽γɱĺͥϿϡ
λ磬ǿʲôҶ˦˼Ͱ
ʥƺʥڳӵͬʱʥȴ͵Ѫ޽ӽצѪ
ľѪҪϣĵܸǱ̥ǣ׳ΪӦ
λÿʮҶһ֣һǧװ˱ѪĴͰ
ʥʥƺʥʱɵˣĵܣ㡭ô޽ӽצѪ
ܴģնɱʱռģЩǾΪɣӦܹǵΪͻͽüذɣҶ˵
ƽɭƺʥʱҲĴЦʮצѪҵΪͻƵͨأӦܹͻƵͨ񾳰أ
ʥ͸ʥһļѾ֪ôлҶˡ
ĵܣԺ˵̣е棬Ҳȫֳķݣֵܣÿһݣ˰죬ʥֻܸôһŵԲİ
ʱҶȴһЦ׳Ͱ磬ٿͰװʲô
Ⱦʥƺʥʥǳһ鶯һ£ľͰϵָƲסĲ
ζһ£⡭⡭צľѪǱצľѪҪһƷ׵צľѪ
ԭʼצľѪ
צľѪֻҪٽܹҵѪͻƳΪӦ
ñѪѪͻƳΪӦ֮צľѪҲֻҪܹҵѪΪ
צ
ʥѾ״ˡ
צΪצ£Ҳ붼֡
Ѫ΢ԣܹΪѾ֮ˣڣȴпܳΪצֱ
˵꣬ʥͶĿҶ棬˼ײ
ʥףҶҪܲãǳΪצջʵ̫ˡ
ģǴʱ¶ģúҶ档
Ҷܲ׸ʥǰĿ˼һӣǧͰװצѪĴͰٴγڴС
λÿʮצľѪѾ׼ˡ
ʥƺʥϲޱȵͬʱĸʿ쵱ɵֱۣ֣꣬ˡ
ʥȴǵһĵܣ㲻˵һצɣ
磬ǵϢҲ̫˰ɣҶ淭˸İۣ


1648 ع
Ҷ潫צѪһʥ˽Щ
һֵµʵ࣬鱨ⷽ棬עȴࡣ
ɵȴ£Ȼڻ֪
£һǾӣҪǿ鱨Ľ裬ҪȻϹӡ
֮ǾʥǸʥƺʥѾβס
Ͽȥ¶ʥҩѪǺεȵЧ
Ҷ濴˵ļУҲЦҪɢˣɢ֮ǰĸٴҶ濪ڡ
λʥˮս˵ʵǲġ
½飬λʥõıѪצѪóһʹ͸µţһΪмǽţзǷ塣
ƣľʦ֮⡣ʥ޳ɣʥƺʥȻҲ
ĸĿ⣬ȴǿҶ棬ΪֹҶ滹ûгʦĵλ
ףǵļΪȫʦһְʤΣ֪ĸ˼Ҷ϶һ˿ϲ⡣
˲֪ŽҶߵСжǱ̫ˡ
һبΪʦôСŵеĵλһ̤˾߲㡣
պСˮǴߣĵλҲһߡ
мѪﻹбѪʮͰ̫ӰϵĵõѪʮͰǿмҶ˵
ҶһʥѾˣʵǲ˼ѾҶ˶ĺôмǵѪᣬҶѪô˼
һƴǡ
λ磬ۺĵرȥõӦļֵڴָڣԶֻǷ
Ѫ̫Ӱ῵ѪҵôѾó󲿷мǺʣǾͱƴˡ
˵ţҶĿ⿴ʿĸҶ棬һͷλײйѪҲٲ˶λġ
Ѫ߶ԣҲ׳ǣҲôʵ
˵꣬Ҷһ֣ʿĸǰ͸Գ˶ʮͰѪĸǰѪͰȴʿһͰ
ÿʮͰ̫Ӱ῵ѪʮͰѪצѪֻһͰ
ľʦйԶһͰצѪҶ仰ĸʿһ졣
צľѪĸֻһͰʵϣצѪļֵȴ൱ĸõĽʿĽһ
ԺֻҪλĵرٲ˵ġҶ˵
µ׳ҶѾҪֵµһЩؼҪԱĸʿǣʼ໥
£ĽһѭҲö˹һĿԽ͡
ͬʱҲܽ˵ĻԵ
¶
±ؽ߾ȫĸʿ˵

ʱȣҶֻʥˮʱ䣬Ͷ뿪ˡ
Ҷ뿪ʱ򣬾ʥ˵ΪͿһС磬׷ͻơ
иʥЧΪԣΪѪڼٵѪЧá
ҶƣܰһĿǰʥ֮Ϊ͵ĸʥӭͷϡ
ڷչмõѪѾˮlˣøҩƳѪ
ϸҩܹԭѪӳЧҡ
ͬʱˮlҲҶһϲѶ
ƾ֮ǰҶµİƷ鵤ѾƷ鵤õĵرַƳĳϡ
ƣԽԽѣԽ
Ҷ뿪ʱһƷ鵤ˮlо
ˮlĻ˵һƷ鵤˵鵤ĵرַȫƳǣӦÿԴﵽųң
Ҷǳڴһĵ
ȫǰҶִ˱ǣ͵õ֪ͨĹ죬㡢̽ţѲ񽫷İ禡ξƜWʹĵڱǰȺˡ
һܱвҶ治ò뿪ظܻһλҶΪϣѾıǮ
ԣҶѡĻתǶԱʾͻػͬʱҲǰĵһ־ٴ롣
⼸귢չٶȷǳ죬˿ٶȺܿ죬Ϊܱ߻ȶҵҲķ
Ҷصһֱ¶棬Щذǲ̫İ
Ҷò˼죬Ϣͻᴫ
ʢĻӭʽ֮Ҷ˵Ĵӵ£˱ǲڣûд󲿷Ļӭʢ磬һʱ䣬˾´
Ҷ糱ˮһɢ˷ʱ򣬴λʽʼҹģܸߡ
鿪ʼĵһ⣬ҲҶ㱨ķչ
ʵϣķչÿһģֻҪܹϵҶ棬Ҷ㱨
ҶԱı仯Ǻ˽ģʱ˻㱨ģȴְһ£ҲְɳӳǷ¸һ¡
ҶһֱɵӦսûеһʱתڽӵ֮ͨ󣬵һʱͽ鰲ȥ
ν֪֪ѣս鱨ǵһλġ
ˣյʥּ֮ĵ죬ѲϴǧԸĸٵ壬ְ
ңѾ˱µ׿ϣΪֹѲϴǧŻ֮ڣڵŴ˻ȥְȿڵ̽ţ
Ҷ֪Եģָ֤ͻɣϴǧˣ
ˣҼ鱨һΪ٤ֵĻͷԭҲǰħսܻصأϡ˵
Ĺ㣬̽ţ̽Ϣı󣬵ػûǸ¡
ҶΪϵ飬г𣬶ңԭֵ֧һΣǶȫˡ
⣬һλȥְһҪСġٴ˵Ҹ˵棬ƺ֤
ʼҪϽ㷨졣ʹ˾ԤǱߣȴǾȻ޷ϴѴ˵ɡ
գ²еİ취ٴ˻ȥΪְʵΪԱ磬µޡ
һֵӦ֪ҴܵĳãǿԷΪģһǼֻȨͰȨĳ佫һǵĳ佫
֮ǰǳӣȫµĸҲ£д˱̫ġ
ǼǲǴģ˶ѾӮ˻ȨȨɵ֧֣£ûеôѡ
˵ֵϧô˵Ҹֻ˵ЩϵĴƣϸȴ϶ԡ
ףҶ˵ͷ˵Ĳ಻̫
ô˵ȴҶӿ϶ڣҶ濼ǵκеЩԴ


1649 ּ
ĳּпܵΣԣҶ沢ûض
ڵִصĵ죬֮󣬾ڵҹ뿪أǰϹŲڵءԭĺԭǡ
ңҶ滹ݡ
ƻҶһλȥְ㡢Ѳ񽫷İ̽ţ˻ת̽ţڰǰԭǣתߡ
ݺܵİţҶֱسԭϵϹŲʱûκ⣬Żָݣԭϵȴ̽ţϡ
ɣְĹԱ̡ؾ
ң״̬£ҶҲ޷صġ
һ·շתŲʱҶǣг̲ԣҶֻԭϵ˲һʱһ˻ϡ
һ򵥵Ĳе̣ҪĶʮ̣ʹԭϹŲǰء
ҶȲ̴ʱԭϿվϰٵѶͬʱڿնˢһСĻ
ⲨͻȻķѶĻҶ氵ЦһϷҪඣ
ԱƷףֻܽ˴سڣ㡢ţİ䡢ǧ̣ǰأˣȫڳվȺǡһǰУҶһ߷Ը
ö˵һδҶԣһǧ̵ʵȻڣǽǿҲֲá
ٻͨõĺãǵǿߣҲҪܵš
Ȼܵ۶ڴɱ䣬ѹǲܵ飬ǲܲϣҪб޻
ڴ͡ǧ̵ݣͰźˣڱڵְ˾ǵڶ·Ѳʹڸű
ΪѲʹ㶨˵ݣǻǸƵġ
һ¹شسվȺʱذݣŲκ˽ӴáɱɱֱûѹǡţҶȴϸĽˡ
ȻЩЩϲ֪ɱҶҲǹⲻȥ
һҶ˺٣ᳵӵˡ
ˣ㿴Ѳ񽫷İͻȻָصķ
̧ͷȥɲǣһصķֱļɹ⣬˽һۣ˫ĿһִʹС
س⣬ķǺܳģǣһĿӭʱͷһֹĸоǳġ
ԽǿָоԽǿңǧ̡İĿͬʱҶ棬ѯôӦԡ
Ƕ˺󣬽ң
һҶһӭǵɢſֲϢ⡣
ǵԽԽɢϢǿͬʱҶľĸ֣ѾжϳһڵǿߵϢ
һɫ׾ѾҶȫէһҶǸһɫһ㡣
ָԾţһöɢǿϢ긡֣Ҷ氺ͦشηӭǵɢŵǿϢ⡣
˵ʵҶϰ벽ĴڣĿǰʵ̬һսĻᡣ
ǵҶ滹ûǸģΨһ𣬾ǻᱻԷɱˡ
ҪԶصĵطҶǷеǿԼϢԻڵһʱ֮زز
㲻սѪߣҲڵһʱ߶ݣжԶܶԶǿǿɲġ
ǣذ
ҶűȲķɫűȲѲڶ·Ѳʹ̣ǱһͻȻֵĵǿϢŵıͷܡ
ҶţЩֵ֧ĻȨɰȨʼ¡ʧ
ǰҶ⣬ʮа˾ţǿߡ
ҶڶģȻѾԭϹ¶棬ôϢ֪ˣܹٷ֪ܲ
Ҷ治ţܹٷĸָɱ
һ㣬ҶԲš
ܵѪţɲǽгģɱġ
һжϣҶʱֱǰӭǵɢŵϢ⡣
һɲǵĹǵоԳӰһ˫֮ȼɫεĹͷ
Ѳڶ·ѲʹҶ棿ԶʦػԵͷ·һ쳹
ĳǴܱȲѲڶ·ѲʹҶ棬ºˣµҶһɢĺʵ
Ҷһ࣬ʵѾ˵һɢ˷
ҶңΧûи֣һĴˣСвˡ
֪ҶܹλʦǰżС
Ҷʾ£Ѿ׼׵һ޸ֳ֣Ҷֻܿȡһˡ
Ǿͺã
ּȡ
ʦػը֣µɲǣһ̤棬߳ɲǣǴػգۿĪ
ҶһܸӦʱԶȥ˲ϢһĪķʽҶҲӦǡ
Ҷɫһ䣬ʦػһȶҶĺ·
һ̤ʦػԽ̤ڶڶ̤ɲǣʦԵξһ͡
ɲǼĹһΣʦػԾͱһǧ׸ߵľˣȼ˫ͷ·һҶ档
Ȼ󣬴ʦػԲҶ淴Ӧ̤
ȴɽһĴѾӡ
ԭֻа׷ԲĴѾӣһ̤ؼһͱ˷Բ״Сķ·ɽһһֻ޽š
Ҫǣֻ޽ϣȼŰɫ档
һֵɲǣȻյ죬˸о͵رõļ
ֵɲǣǰɫһ𣬸Ŀȼյһɶ
µķذҿȻɵӣԪ鰢󰧺κһͨţһ£ͻᷢӳ
ҶͫףҲһɲ˼¡
ָϵɵ꣬ʦػԾ޴Ѿӷһȣޱȵİ
Ѿӵͷ£һεĸоҶͷ
ҶףʦػԵȫһҶǱܲȥģֻӲӡ
ǣΪֹûκһϢⳡս
ҶɻѵĴˣ
ˣ
ʱҶȴûжʱ俼Щ飬ҶڿԼ
ȻΪֹûе˲֣ôҶֻԼԼ
ɲǼ䣬ױȵĶ־ɱ־Ҷ
ɽɳɲǣҶһͳţڣ˲ϢͰյ˿Īϵ
鱦׹޶شҶԺɳҶ˲ϢͽţڸӦ˿Īϵ鱦׹޺Ϊһ塣
Ԫ֮ӴޱȵڵһɲǼȫע˺鱦׹ڡ
ָϹ⻪һҺҲҶָ䡣
Ȼ˲ֻ֣ܿԼôҶֻܶǿֶˡ
Ҷ˫Ŀ㡢ɱ־ɲǣܻʳǬڣʼ¡ǰһ޴ĹĻ
ĻڣҶǴʦػԶŵ龰ɼ
Ҷеĳ⣬һļ㣬
ʼ¡ԵĴܹ㳯Ҳž޴ĻϷ𷴿Ҷ棬ĻΪ죬ȻҶǴʦػԵϢܹ޵Ĵ֡
£ƣСӿǸͷֻ֪Ҫ̤ԭϣûܹ
һģֱӶƴڸˣءڼܹ㳯Ц
ŹĻʼ¡ɫȴһ࣬ˣ
СӣҪƴˣûһ˿һ١
ƿصԪУԶҲܹǵϢӳϡ
޿ԸӦõСӵǰɫ齣ҲǷӦһ鱦
УСδ߶СлԪ׵ϢѾﵽΪļ¡
˵ʼ¡̾һֵƴɱҸӲӲĳٶ༸γ
ʥ
ڼܹ㳯һ䣬ͷУһ˿ɡ
£㽻ū飬ūǰˡ
ڼܹ㳯γĻеҶ棬Ѿƴˡ
㳯Ը֪ͻʼ¡ʥʼ¡ҶĺӰȵļء
Ȼַ㳯Ǻõġ
ڻʵǰ޴Ĵˣڻʵ۵ĿУ˴
һ˻ʵеĴҲ뱻һ߿Զˡ
ʼ¡ڼܹ㳯ע£һɫı׶شɢޱȵĺ˴ʦػԵǴѾӡ
ɫ׶ֵɲǣػǾ޴Ѿϵ⣬ؾ˴룬еĳȣп챻ɵĴˣǴһ
ػԣԭϾȻĿŵϮɱܲôĵӣżɭԭ쳹
ҷּңػŭУѾȴǼٸ¡
ҶʱȴֱҪȾ;ȳһ㣬һ룬ô£
⻹Ҫƴ
Ҷ氵ͬʱһ°İ׹͵ҶͷϷһձ͵رп
ޱȵıһޱȵĻߣǡýҶʦػԵĴѾֿ


1650 

׹ֵɲǣѲͻȻ̧ͷһĿŰ׹ֵĵطǳȣ
Ѳ˾ĴˣѲ˾УѲмѲ񽫾Ѳ˾мΪǿĴˡ
ѲѵͺѣѲԣǺ츳ģǧѲߣҲһѲ񽫡
£Ϊ۷ͽ۷Ѳ񽫣Ѳ˾Ķˡ
˵Ѳ֮ϣѲһ·ͻƵ֮Ŀֲڣսı̬
ѲһͻƵ֮һĵǿֻжԶܶԶ
ȴΪ˵ˣѲ˾ڵѲ񽫣ûм
գҶˣȴۿһλ֡
ҪǣҶָܹʹģֻд˾ʼ¡ˡ
˾ʵܹɳһλ亱Ҷ棬Ѿǵ̬ȡ
ҶĳһŶ裡
ҲҶһɲǣһɫķɳи˴ʦػǾ޴ķ
ÿһɫɳҶڵ¾պͻҵĲһ£ǸӦǿޱȵĿռ䲨
ʦػԷڵĿռ˲ϢиϰٷݣǴʦػԼַķһиٿ顣
ŭһʦػԵķйƤһ㣬ٵС˲ϢССܹնɱ
ҲһɲǣǰһǱ׶͵رǵĺ˲Ϣؼ䡣
Բǧ֮ڣɲǼͱһ硣
ССĴʦػԣҲǰɫĹ⻪⡣
ʦػŭһȦҵĻСķϱɿ˱⡣
Уٴ֣еĿռٴ𣬵ҲһɲǣʦػԵͻȻ޶ǿϢ
Ȼʦػԣһģͬ
Ҷɫһ䣬Уɫ۵Ĵռ˾ĶŸոĴʦػԡ
֡
Ҫǣ˷ղͻȻ÷
Ҷ¾պӦĿռ䲨жʮϡ
Ҳ֪˷У˼λѲ񽫡
ңҶţռҲԲֹλռ˾һλ
Ƿ˾ķּǸҿּʦػһ
ػͺ϶ķֻּܹ֮ˣҴܺθɣҴܣֻʥʥּ
Ĵ½磬ּµģֻҴʥӣʱȨĪ췴ɣռ˾Ц
ʦػЦĪΪܱļһ
˵꣬ʦػԺݺݵĶҶһۣĿشһҶ鸮һĿУʦػԶ깥
󣬴ʦػԾȻޱȵĿŸûһҶ棬ת뿪
һͨ񾳵ļһ깥ôܸûһ
Ų⣬ʦػԻһ뿪һʧģǼ޶ǿϢ
ȥռ˾ɨҶһۣղǰܱ𵴵ϢҲ˲Ϣʧ
һУ͸ûзһǰǷԲǧ׵ı֮⣬ľ۶δơ
Ҷ濴ͷЩƣЩͷʹ
ԭҪƴˣˣƴֶȻͲˡ
СлԪףҶԼ߶ףȥҲףм䲻ϲµģȴŪ
Ҷк鱦׹ޣСĿɢЩƣûɷɡ
ǰʱ򣬴ǰٵĿѲ񽫷İѾ˻롣
ˣû뵽
ӣ˵Ⱳûпܳɾ
㲻˵Ѳ񽫷İЩȻˣⱲӣܹɶѲ񽫾Ͳˣ͡
İĿǰʲôΪҶͻʵ
شˣĿǰһ۷Ϊİ
ʱʲôΪҶʵ
شˣغڣ
˼ʱĿǰΪҶʵ
شˣ겻
Ҫ٣
£Ҳʮϣƽʮҡ˵һ룬İĻͻشס
ҶͷһĿ⿴˷İһۣˣ
İĵ˵ͷ
׾ͺãűһСпܣҶ˵
ԭǰص·ϣҶѾˣʵǴܣǶ˫ߵһ̽ѡ
Ŀ겢Ҷ汾ˣ֪Էµĵߵ
ֻ˵ڸԷչʾѷ̬ȡ
£ҶУͱһӡ
Ȼ˵ҶӾĿǰԣȽҪܾԲ
ǳΪӣʹԼѾڱ˵Уֻܱ˰ڲ
˵ʵҶܲϲֱٿصĸоҶʱڣԼ޷Ϊˡ
ǣҶȴ˱˿ƣҶ룬ôܹԼӰأ
ܻʳǬڣʼ¡ۻɢȥǰĹĻݹž޲Ϥʼ¡㳯ȴ֪λʥѾŭˡ
ߣЩӣԽԽˣϹҲõҴִܵС
ǵĵӣԽԽˣߣ
һߣʳǶһ㺮ڼܹ㳯æڵأȰϢŭ̻֮ҪҲһһϦ֮»ͼ֮
֪ܲʼ¡ĵ˵ͷһΣȴһõĻᣡ

سǶ֮ڣµոշصĴʦػԵˣϥһ
̬ܵȣеĻҪһЩײᶯõλػԵЩء
ܽϾô꣬Ҳô꣬£ܹΪһһѹһͷ
ܹڴܳϸʰˣպЩҸԵĳ佫ǣҪˡ˵
ػȴЩǣҪѹȺƾɻ
ԣǶظһ˿ЦݣȻһɣ˶棬ԣɽҲ⡣
ǰϱѾ˶ۣʱɽҲǰ˵Ǹһ˿صЦݣңˣ£ȻѼ֣
ȻѼ֣ػһɻ
ԭ⣬ͨ
ԵõһЦָָ⣬ŵѾһλ
룡
ҪԳӭ

ѲϴǧŵĸۡںȲڤ˼ϴǧţ
ˣҶǸһˣϾҪˡ˵
˾ͺãϷҪĻඡϴǧһȻԵá
ȴһɻ󣬡ˣУԴУǰϺӺɳӳǵЩ֣ʱٻ
Դ
ϴǧƵһڲ裬Ѳ˾ǲߵ̫ġ
˭֪ϴǧŸЩϵ˭˽Ӵԣһε£ֻϷ
ֻϷһ㣬ҶǼһ˰ɣǰᣬǧ˵һ˵˼ǡ
ȻôõĻᣬôŹ
һϵմֻҪڱϼѣȻɵĽ¶ѲŶӸε
ôõĻᣬðײá
ȻΪǵֻܿϷǣһϷģ˽кù֮⣬ԶǼӼϷģ
˵ϴǧɫһǴɳӳǵ鱨ڲϵѲ˾˾鱨ãڹؼʱ͸Ҫˡ
˵ţϴǧ¶һ˿ԵڱǶ˵ģУǻµģǺǣ
ԣԵĹ˹˳ȥĹܴ
ڣɳӳɳȥٺžӢЩӢ̽ϢҪһһɸѡõ鱨
Ҷڽسŵʱܵϸ̲飬е˻˵ҶСèͷ棬ȴܵϸļ顣
һΣûгֹ
գͨسš
ٴ̤أҶȴһֲһĸо
һνʱҶĸо͸һ̤һ㣬һжҪӡ
һΣҶоһͷ̤صĹһ㣬Ȼϲʲôȴ˽
ǰǷ꣬Ҷġ
ɣعԱְȫסܹٷṩĹᣬƷײͬСͬ
Ҷڵĵһʱ䣬ǰʳǽּ
ҶѾּ涨ʱִǰְ
Ҷ潻ּת֮󲻵ʱ䣬µʥּ´ˡ
ϳкģ磬ʥگԻűȲѲڶ·ѲʹҶղμӳᣬʥְմˣ
ʥּҶлλּ̫̫࣬ͽһطӡ˫ֵݸҶ档
ڽСĽ˵ģд˿󼴻٣


1651 ಻԰
ڼܹ㳯ݲֻ࣬ǽĿǰһЩҶϹ
ĿǰڳݺݵĲҶѲʹһҶַԽְȨΪʹʧء
Ҷ»ɳӳǷ±һԪףڲϵŴʩѹҪܽҶȫ£л
Ҫѵģ
㳯ԣϣû޷Ʒ֤
㳯ֻҶһ£ɳӳǵǲҶģ۶Էڳʲô֤ݣҶֻҪʧڷϾͺãԲɳϡ
Ȼ·͵ڣѾҶϾܹ˽ģ㳯ر𽻴ճӦԣҪӦ䡣
ָһ꣬ڼܹܷͻ˷ɻңҶ棬˳˼֮С
Ҷ浱ɳӳʱڷ֮ԼɱɳӳǷ£Ѿ뵽һС
ʱ£ɲҶ룬ҶҪҪնɱ̺Ͷ½Ŀ֪ܵˡ
ϧǣȴһ˾Ȼš
ǵһΣҶ滹ǻϾ£Ҷûѡ
ڣǼɵĺҶлҪѣҶ֮ǰѾ׼
Ҷû뵽Ʊ仯֮£Ȼ˴ĵĽӡ
ֹؼԵĽӣһСģͻǡ
Ŀǰ֧֣ܸܶҶҲʼ¡ǵ̬ȡ
ǣ̬̬ȣʵʵ
ǴܹѹһͷͲЩˡ
֮ҶŴ̬ܵȣǲŴܹٷְٵı
Ҳ˵ʵϲ
ΪԼУȻҴҵ󣬵ǼУܲסڼ鰡
Ҷ֪ϴǧžͲ˵ˣλȨصİ˴֮Уȷ׽ģλ֮ࡣ
ڲңռɽͷֻԼ棬Ǵ޷ѹԭ
ԣĿǰȥָ֧ܸܶܵģҶҲܽϣȫڴϣ׼һ֡
׼ǹؼԵġ
ҶŵǸԷ֤ҲںʵóܴЧ

ص峿ڻʹепʼġ
ܻʼһǱȽģڻʹеЩУ̶ܱߣȫžš
Щ࣬ŻʼҸ߹ģÿϾͻ׼ʱ쳹ء
һ쿪ʼͬʱҲųĿʼ
ģû쳹ʱҶӡ˻ʹ⣬Ȼ󱻰ŵǬȺ١
ҶĿǰƷףûʸμӳġ
ԣֱ½ҶнǬĻᡣ
ܵһεĳҪܶ࣬Ҷڶеʱ̫
ȲѲڶ·ѲʹҶϵְԣ̫ǹѼɤҶӵϢоѣȻ̫һ·Ҷ̤Ǭ
Ǭȸ߾ݣϱߵ͵̫ޣǴУһȦϰٸͷͷСɫɫľ޴ӸŽȽǬĳ
˵ͷĪһҶԪ飬мܲסЩ۾һӵĶӣòС̤롣
˵̤Ǭʼƾȱѹһͷ
ϰ̫ʱǿޣȻĿǵĿ飬û뵽ġԪ鰢Ҷ鸮
ҲڴʱҶǸ߸ߵż̤Ǭڣ̤ǬڵɲǣһĪʱҶϣҶһ˵ܡ
ͬһɲǣҶڵҲһϢ˼£ոջڿ̸Ԫ鰢ʱ伣ûһ˿
ƽΪԾ飬к鱦׹ޣʱһԼϢ£Ƕڽһ㣬һҲҶ
Ҷ֪̤ɴǬѹǬԵʡ
ǬǴѹɽӹ˵ܽʱɵŴʥʦֲֽǬΪһǬĲá
֮һǬԳһ磬ֻǿһżѣʵѾһС硣
С磬ɽǬΪɴƿصС硣
С磬һط򣬶ƿǬʼ¡ơ
֮Ǭڣʥʼ¡޵еġ
κҪɱκβ֮£ǳ˵Ρ
ÿһ̤Ǭĳ̤ǬʱͻܵǬѹơ
Ҷڵ顢鱦ޡ顢Ԫ鰢ȫΪӦǬǿֲϢһѵĲκը̡
ɼǬĿֲ
̤ǬɲǣˢˢľмʮĿһҶ档
ҶȴûʱЩЩεǰмŸ߾ʼ¡ΰݡ
ȲѲڶ·ѲʹҶּأְҶ
ƽɣءʼ¡Եĺ⣬ǣϵϢԵıĲһ
Ҷᣬһ£֣вˡ
ǰñΪ̫ӵ̣Ҳڰ֮УĶҶ档
ѲϴǧţҲаѲտЩԲϣһ˿Цݣ۴Ҷ档
Ŀ⿴ȥºͣҶϣȴ͸һӶһ塣
ϴǧ֮⣬µ糣ľ׵ҲڳӦҶ֮ǰġ
ǼԾԾԣȴſָҶĻᡣ
ڴͬʱҶйһ֮ԵֳִȨȵռ˾࣬վҶĴռ˾Ҳڳ
Ҷһ˫עԼĿ
¼εĳֹȻҲǬϡ
겻ֹȥӵ񾲣һվһӺݻεɢˣ񵭵Цдżƣһڼ˾У߸ϵŮһ㡣
Ҷ£Գʳ꣬ͼΣΡñڲ˿ڣһǧʮڣӵǧİʮڡ볤ֹһӣҶͿʼְԡ
򱱺Ƶٱߵأּ⿪ʼǿפʮ䵽һһʮࡣ
ı˽ССǿɽİɣȰսǧ
ǰһٴ˱֣˱̫ӰΰƱǩ°ֻˮϰ֮ԼʹӦұ񱱺Բ
ǰʮÿϽ긳ɫʼʮƷƷʯڣһһʮÿϽ긳ɫʼƼֵƷʯ࣬ʮϣʮ
Ҷԣϵʼ¡ɫԽԽͣеЦԽԽŨ
ĿһֺεȵĽŵģȴû뵽ҶˣȻĽص㣬䵽ְϱߡ
һһֱ̡ԭ糡ľܡϴǧŵԽԽԡ
꣬಻԰
ⲻҶ
ôһŪҶڱˣ
ǣҶ㣬Ͼݣְû˵
˭Ҳֻš
£⼸̱ºν죬ı仯Զֹ˵Ǽ
˵Ҷ˫ֵһ򣬡£긳˿ڡءҵȵȱ仯ȫ֮Уױ£¹Ŀ
˽Ҷ͵ʼ¡С
ӹ򣬽ɨһۣʼ¡͵һߺ꣬겻ʱ䣬ʮϣıϣս
Ҵܳ˶籱ȲҶ棬γҴܲǿγҴܲʢ
γҴܲһͳ磡
ž
ʼ¡ٴһеӸڼܹ㳯飬Ҷϵְ¼ٷݣڳˣÿ˷һݣϸϸĿš
ҶЩĳɼϸ룬ΪʲôҶҶЩ꣬Ǻεȵ
Ҷ䣬ΪҴ֮ܳģ
ȴǰԺգʲôģ︶Ѫ
ǵƹ񰡣ҲǱ̫ԳɼԱ˾ˣ˴
һˣҲв٣ûɵеʱ
ڶĳ佫˵ʲôڼܹ㳯ԽǷ¼ٷݣǲ鷳ֳȥһһݵ·
ܳϵĳ佫ǻ˵һְҲûʲô
ļλµ裬ľܵˣҲ㳯Ӳһְ
˱Ҫ㳯۾һɣĵλĪµʥּҲҪΥ
ñӿ˻˵ʲôֻܽ
û취ϣʼ¡ϵ¹
λµĿͣҲˣҪϸĿְ򣬲ܹӲ㳯˵
ΣֻܽУһӡ
һı飬Ƕ˹ʺһ
̡ԭϴǧŵˡ
꣬һʼǾͱҶһ࣬ǿ๷


1652 
䣬εȵĲë֮أǰľѶҪػһ֣أ
겻Ĺ򣬱ͱһһϿ
˵ţʼ¡͵شվִȵ󹦣
Ǵ󹦰
ҪصʹҶ䣡
˴󹦣Ͳοģ޾⣬ؽҶȱ֮λһΪȡ
ڴʱڼܹ㳯һѵ£ڷƣǾܴ;
㳯ᣬȴܹóȫ
ʼ¡һ£ҲЩˣ׼ʰҶ̡ԭˣһȴ
ģ
ʼ¡һǹİ
еľλСһоʥ´ʼ¡ǴܷǾܷ
Ϸǿ
ǣƫƫǻֻܿţΪǻʵ۲еȨ
ʼ¡ƺǳ˼һ£һʱʧ̬ڷƣ˵ȴ󹦣͡λ˵˵ӦҶʣŲẮ˹ģ
ȺһͰԵһҲݣ֮ĵʹͣ˵ļλԪϣ˭ҿڡ
˭Ҳûע⵽ʼ¡Ŀɨ˴˾Ԥһۡ
˾ԤĿһе£Ҷְֻһѡ
ҶɲǱȲѲڶ·ѲʹºβְϣѲʹһְϣְȻǷʹ͡˾Ԥ˵
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ʼ¡һӣҶ䣬
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ǰⲨ࣬ҶԸ˵ûţ̫ĺˡԴ࣬ߡ
ܹʼ¡Ǹλϵˣûһ򵥵ġ
ر£ԾѲڶ·ѲʹĽһնɱħϸһʮˣħ̽Ӷʮˡ
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Ѳˮ塭
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˰
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ʼ¡۵Ѳϴǧˡ
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ĳЩ£һġ
ʵҶһȨԽȨʵҲȳͷҶĶͷ˾Ҷ档
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ҵʱϴǧ˵ҶѹܣҲûŰϾҶ˹Ҳ͡
˵ﻰʼ¡ʵʹͣϴǧ治Ҳá
ǣʥּ£ѿ˵
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ʹּһ£ѲϴǧŵȺˡ
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ͲһˣҪӵĹԱ壬Ѳ˾ؼֻּ̲ſ¡
ãϴǧţѾܵĶ䳼кܾˣĶ䳼ǸװΡ
ҶеͼǸˡ
ζԺʲôʰҶ棬ϴǧҶĶͷ˾ͷҶ淸µ֤ҪҶ棬౨
֮Ҷһ
ãʼ¡еļӷ˧ţϴǧŷŭͱʹ͡
ѲΪֹҲûлһ˧š
ܵľϵΪӣѫλ͸־ְ֮⣬˧ţĴһֽȨ
걱ˮֱʱҶΪӭУɳ͹ӡŸܱߵı߾Ӫ֧Ԯ
ʱ򣬿󰡡
ӺͲƻо󰡡
ɾ˼һǲҶ棬ºҶƱˮ֮ס˲Ÿ˹
Ҷӷ˧֮⣬ܱ߷ǵҶ˧ŵƷ׵ľµλֻҪҶҪһӸӡȥǾǾ
󣬲ЭǱִеľ
ͨ£˧ŵƷ׻ԸҶķرܱߵľµλһִзΧ
֮˧ţҶϾͳ˱ܱİ٣ԷСΧڵս
Ȼ˧ţǽȨҲҶôôġ
ÿһν֮󣬶ܾϸ˵Ρ
˧ţϴǧ۾ķϰıϰûеõĶҶ׾͵õˡ
֮£ǸƽʱҪֱ֮ȨʱͲôˡ
Ѳϴǧţ̡ԭİ衢ľɫҲһһѿ
꣬һģǻûжҶ淢أʼ¡ȸҶ㱣⻷
ֱڴȷҶй֮ǽķѣǷǳġ
һйڹҡڰյĴ󹦳ոܵ˻ʵ۵Ĵ֮ǾҪϸ浯Ѷ̫ˡ
λԣԭ̫̾͸оޱȵͷ
Ǹоһոշ̹·ھҪԭȥһǸо˵жѾж
ǴʱѾϣòҲܲˡ
Ҷлλԭߴ£ֻӲͷƤС
£б࣡
Ҷĵһˣ


1653 ֤
£ҪȲҶ桢Ѳڶ·ѲʹҶԽȨȨԲ֮ʹʧأͿ̿Ϊսʿ
⼸仰ġ
룬˵֮󣬸صͷأ
˲Ϣ䣬Ǭţʼ¡ϵЦȥһĪĺ⣬˵ͷ
һŭʬ
ǬԳһ磬ʼ¡ֱƿߣֻҪʼ¡Ը⣬仯ͿļһǬ֡
ʱʾȺȷıһ̬ȡˣ
ߣ̣㾹Ȼϸ޸ոմӷͺͿ϶ĹܳǺξģϿɵĹܳȻͿ֣̿˵Ϲ𣿡
ʼ¡ŭȣһըǬڣ̸Ǳһŭŵڵأҡ
һɲǣˡ
ʼ¡ȻβĨķҲûпܡ
衢ľ򡢼ԭţȴһ˹ĸо
ְ꣬Ա̣Ͷõ
ͿǼװͿأ
ԭʾ£̲ӲͷƤеر£ǰѾϸ̲౨£˴֤ݣ͵ȽҶְ֮ʡ
̲䣬ǽ̸̫ժ˳ͬʱҲóҶ淢£˴ݣ԰һ㡣
ҪлѣҪǴѣЩ£ܺã޼סˡʼ¡̵Ǹл˭ʼ¡˼
ոΪɰһ̲ɴʱˣ֧֣ʼ¡ʾסˣǾһ󱯾硣
λõģƨ¾Ըɾˣûˡ
̲ɾ͸СϱһίĿһԭ˼ҾˣҪ㰲ҵ·ˡ
ԭĵ˵ͷǸɳһŶ衣
Ҷ䣬˸ȨȨֺ֮Ϳ̿л˵ʼ¡˵
ոһ̫ķϴҶ棬Ŀɨ˹صһۣر£ⴿ޻̸֮
ȥɳӳǣȥִйΪ׷һĻħߵ䣬£ѾرѲ˾
ңǧ࣬׷ٵħߵϢȴռɳӳʧˡ
û֤ǳµѲ񽫡һʮ׷ٵѲԡ̽̽һٶʮˣ֤ǻħռɳӳʧġ
ʧĵʱפӪ֮Уµ̽ӰΪ֤
ڶѲԡ̽̽ϸ۶ϣλħߣżΪеĹϵ
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һʱˣɫһף͵̧ͷҶŭĿ㡭Ѫˣ
ڴܣħйϸǴɣķǼɻеļɻ䡣
Ϊͷ±ߵķħƣٹ췴֮󣬴ܶڷκħнӴΪ̡
̴ʱµԭ
ҶӦ֮ߣû뵽Ҷⷽ淴ҧһڡ
Ҳ̫ģϾе飬Ҳֲķˡ
Ϊ̺ħûκιϸ
ϧǣȴһºû뵽һ¡
˵ǣҶѲ˾ˣѲ˾ˣ֤ݿһֵġ
̸벻ǣϣҶ沢û죬ƾʵݵġ
ѪˣҶЦһóһӳŲ˫ֳȥر£Ѳڶ·Ѳʹϰ׷µľӢһ·׷鱣ص
⣬лµ̽ţּµӰǸħɳӳפӪûľ񡣡
һɵˣⲻܣԲܣ
Ҷȴụ̂ԹԵ˵⣬йش£ڰǰܱ˴˾ˣ˱˵ţҶ湰ֿ˴˾Ԥ˾
ԣ˾Ԥĳеر£ȷд£ʱѲ˾ܲص˱
⣬ڴ¹شΪʱܹ˱ܻʵƹܵһ鱨ؼ࣬ȻûϵĻд֪ܳ
㳯ǰС벽ر£˾ȷʵū£ֻûвյĽūһֱû¡
һԸո˷͵Ѳϴǧţ˹һġ
꣬ղŻ˵Ľ̵ھֱӿͷ˾ˡ
̫УҶ棬Ϊʲô
ĺ飬ʱʹ̵Ķͷԭİ衢ľλɫҲޱȡ
ţҲûҪһħĻħ߽ӴǣڴܳϣѲ˾ؼ鱨һССĺǽǰ϶顣
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̣ʼ¡Ŀǿĵ£ʼɪɪ
ĿǰҶ֤ݻûѲ˾ؼܶ鱨ʼʰǽ˵
ʼ¡׼ڽʰһʱԭ粽Уˡ
ԭףҪٲڣǳŲȥˡ
һŷǳҪӣŽ֮˳á
ҶΪ֮ĴԷꡣ
һұʰˣʹǱǼܴˡ
һʰɾˣЩڴܹڣôŬ£Ѿ׼ķʱͻᱻ塣
෴ģҶ汻ʰˣôʹռϷ磬ԥˣܵᶨվһߡ
£ܹܷ⽨ģҴܵѪųϵѪĹͣǽնɱħĻϡ
Ҳ⣬࣬ҲҲûħӴ
飬ʵݣɽƾܲͼݵ鱸϶¡Խ֮ҴܳΣտ־壡ԭ˵
ԭһڣʱðޱȡ
ʼ¡۾һУϸϸĿԭϢŵʵܡ˵ô飬ͽҶռӰͶų֤ݣ
ʼ¡֤ԭͷĪһͻȻһֲõԤС
ͬһɲǣ㳯ӹҶӰָᵯһƬĻͳǬڡ


1654 ֤
ǬڰĹĻ֮УһλɢɭɭѪĻħһӪʼСڿٴС
ûãǸɢɭɭѪĻħĳһʡ
ʱʵʽΧģΪۡ
ģ˧죬̵ִ̫죬ⲿӰжɼ
˵Χ߹ЩѲʿĺ¿ϵıˡ
ֻҪһۣܹȷӰеļ¼ģɳӳפӪڵΡ
ǣҲɳӳפ˧޻Ṵħ壡
һεģţһ㣬ġ
ңֻܴǸħ߿ԶɳӳפӪԶ׷˵Ǹħйᡣ
˲Ϣ䣬̾Ѿ˽͡
ΪڳӦûᱻܡ
׼ڽ͵ʱ򣬴ڵӰ˱仯
ɳӳפ˧ޣԶ첽Ĺ۲һ֮С̤Ǹʡ
һĻ̵ɫرò԰ֽԭ˵飬Ҳõѿޱȡ
ƾһ㣬Ϳ֤ˡ
ǣӰû꣬Լ֮ɳӳפ˧뿪˾Զȥ
ûãոսȥĻħߣҲӾ뿪˲仯һѪԶȥ
̺ȻĿҶһۣɵĸͭһ㣬г޹ŭ
֪ҶǴӺʱʼģȻ׼֤
һΣ½ԱΪ
һ˲䣬뽫ҶܸҶ档
ǣ룬̻ס嶯뷨
Ϊʹִ½ʧܻѯʹй½һУ˵κη֣Ҫϵһʱرȥ
ǣҶٴط֮Ϊ˽ûѡϱ
ǰЩӣΪɳӳǷ飬ټɽܷĵס
ԺռǸ½Ǹڰԭʼ״̬С硣
üεĻǰûнϱǴʱ¶ǵŴܡһ¶
Ϊ˳ӹһ٣ôǱߣԲŹ
ԸͽֶΡ
Ͳ
ǣ֪
治֪ɳӳפ˧޾Ȼħ廹ϵ治֪
ǣţ޳⣬˵޹˭ţ
Ӱе֤ݰڵ̶ȣǲҲˡ
ʱѾԭɳӳפ˧ˣڣֻ̾һ⣬ôԼժ
£ԩ
£ԩ£һ㶼֪ͷأԸſĵͷѪ͸ѪԳһҡ
ָ⻺ĒֶţȴһƬ뽫ժ
򣬾ԵҶķֻҪʼ¡ѹ֮ﳹĨɱⳡ棬Ѿˡ
һޱȳصĴ
糡ľҲޱȵżǣǴʱֻܸżϣûκηȨֻܿš
ģֻߴһйϵǣߴ취̡
ǣ̫̫ؼˣĳվȥ˵̫޹ؾͿԵġ
Ϊ˴ԭֱվȥ̣ͦҲûκá
ᱻʼ¡һƺ
£һŷ۾ݳ̡һѡ
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ǰӰҶĺ֮һ
ӰȷʵģϣȴǼٵġ
Ϊʲôô˵
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ӰгֵĻħ߲˵ѹҶħ˧
Ӱֵɳӳפ˧ޣҶӰһûɳӳפ˧޵ģ
ħ˧һһ˵ľʣȻӰûĸ޽룬֮Ⱥ
ǣÿϢʹԱ߹ĲͬвͬģѲʿ䣬ܸܵı֤Ӱʵԡ
ҪҶôЩʿƤӵӰģ
򵥣ҶһԪ鰢Ļû£ΧĻһ塣
˵ЩͨʿλĽ죬ҲܹҶ档
Ҷһĵһ㣬ݳӰ
Ҷ浱ʱֻΪںʵʱóնݳ
ʱǡᣬҶ˳Ϳܹӵʲôĳ̶ˡ
飡
ͷصڹɵÿһ̧ͷ˲䣬̵ĿⶼɨҶ棬ĿǷŭԹ
ҶȴǺ⣬үҾǿ㣬ô
ʼ¡Ŀ⻺ɨȺʱҶĿѾĲһˡ
ΪҶֻǸƴɱеͲܵļһ
ǰϵһȴҶĿ࿴
Ѿеˣıˡ
ĿУ˲ϢҶǽıǩ
ҲӰ٣Ӱóʱȴ̫ˣ̫ˣ
̣֤ɽ㻹кλ˵ʼ¡ɭ˵ͷΪ֮һ
˶ףʼ¡ˣʹҪˡ
ԭޱȵĽ벻Բߣɾˡ
ͻȻ䣬ĿѲϴǧŵϡ
Ȼ벻İ취ֻѲϴǧųˡ
Ȼ˵ѲʱζѲϴǧŶʼ¡һֱѣʼ¡Ѳϴǧŵӵܡ
ǣ㲻Ѳϴǧţʼ¡ͻɶѲϴǧŵķ
Ҷӻʼ¡ֶȥģ
ʵԸƿѲϴңһˣٶһޣҲûϵ
ֻҪܹ̣
ԭĿͬһʱ俴Ѳϴǧš
Ѳϴǧ˲һǺεܲԭʾ⡣
ֻǣЩԥ˲󣬵ȴǵڽڻϿǱҪԲԸ
һɲǣ糡ľͬʱĿ⣬Ѳϴǧŵϸһ˿Ц
֪Ѿûѡˡ
Ѿغվˡ
£йصҪ棡ʼ¡ŭ𼴽й֮ʣѲϴǧͻسдϵ
ţʼ¡жغ䣬̫ѲϴǧŴʱڴʲôˡ
ǣԭˣʸףҪǲѲϴǧ˵ĻᣬԭˣԻһһĽԣѲϴǧŵ档
䱻ƽܣʹʹϴǧſڡ
ʼ¡ݼųһ֣˭óһֵе̺ĺ⡣


1655 
£ҶѲʹ׷ظǱĻħߣǳҲһֱ׷顣Ѳϴǧſڵ
ҪЯҶ棬˰е飬ҪҶѲʹΣ
ò˵ҶѲʹȷʵڣ˼ܣأһֱҧħߣ
ǬڵĳǸ˶ˣǰѲϴǧſҶĻ˭˭ɵڵġ֣ݡ
ҶѲʹչĿ˼ǻħߵִɳӳ֮󣬲ûϿʼɳӳڵ
ʱӵµĻر¸ҶѲʹʧ̵ʱڵɳӳڵĿ
Ѹٵ̲󣬷Ǹɳӳפ˧޵мֿɣִ껹δʱȻ۹ħؽز
¾Ѹ£ɳӳפ˧޺пǱħƵļϸ
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ϧԴ˶Ͼ©˷һ˵Ѳϴǧ۽ǵɨһԭ
ĿֻһͳʵϴѲôϻȴûЩϻǰкιϵ
˵ڱҶѲʹ²ϣ©Ϣ𣿡ԭȵ
ûд⣡ޱڣɺҲбȻô׷Ǹħߣݾߵĸʺܴ
Ҫ˵ǣݳµһɲµĹ̽̽õ鱨Ǹޣڼ֮ǰѾħ˹ϵѾħƣΪħļϸ
ⷽ˵̣ҲǱħϸ޸ˡ
˵ѲϴǧɫΪѲõ鱨ԭԭĻر£ǳְڡ
񣬳Ѿرϣ鱨²οδãȫƾʥ⣡Ŀͷ֮Ѳϴǧž˻˰֮С
ϣʼ¡ϣκ˸ϸ۲죬ͻᷢʼ¡ͷһһģЩѾһ
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Ѳϴǧſڿ鱨οδãȫƾʥ⡣
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ûбħڲ䣬ο£ҲҴ˾ӡ
ҪʱħǱ롢͸
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һһӹһ٣һɣʱʪģޱȡ
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ּ⣬ѲϽչϸµ̲飬ħϸûҪϸ̲Ѱ
˾ſСةԪ˧ڵ̫ࡢͷԱͳͳҪϸԷлħϸǱ
ūּū͸Ѳּ㳯
иոɫԭѲϴǧһȻȻɫͱѿޱȡ
ոӹһٵ̣Ҳһ㣬ͿЦ
ʼ¡ּ⣬濴ûʲôǣѲ˾ϸйȥʻһˣҲǲ飬ʸʮ£Ҳǵ顣
ںּ£Ѳ˾޼ɵ
ѲǻҵңԻ᲻۲۵ִʵʥּһϣԭҲΪ
ģͨʩӰѲĲ̫ס
ˣδڣǻᱻļɹðȡ
ѲǱ߾ǽļܳͽҲ
֮ʱڷҪӣδҪ˵չˣܲǶܡ
ᱻΪһʥּشҲĻޱȡ
Ҫչǲܵˡ
̡Ѳϴǧšԭ糡ľܵҲ뵽һ㣬ɫŻѿޱȡ
̣ӹһٵ˵ʲôأ
Ĩɱٹ±ֵļɹѾʲôˡ
ϵʼ¡⣬ϾǾ±ڳϳ˿Ҳһһ
ΪһǺܼǳģ
Ƚɢ֮ѲǱһܿͣôôôô
ǿּ޻سŪħϸڴдһЩӣǿԵġ
ЩӦôѲʼ¡רҵ
ԭ糡ľܵ˽һЩ븡һ˿Ρ
һ㣬ѾΪˣֻ˵Ѿˡ
һɲǣµ˶еɢϢĳɫȨȣߵǬ롣
Ҷͫһķѣˣ


1656 Ȩ֮
ǬڵޣǿǱޱ޵⣬Ǭһרŵ̷ֻҪǸ̵ϣǵǿߣҲ᲻һ˿һ
ֻƾӲ
̫ź̫Ž̫̫ų̫ɫƤ͵ޣΪٸߣ壬ɫǰҲҪƤ
Ǭڵ̷ڣı̫ɫ޽˷ɻҵĴ󳼣Ҳ
ܵһޣ̵ΪҲǱ˸¶˴ƬƬҰ׵Ĺͷ
ٶʮңɷɻңҲпܵġ
±İ̻ǰմܵĻ̷́ǬڣȻһվͼϢĹѪһСϪ
һǴǬڵĴͳȺʾѣ飬ٲ̡
ѪȴûһմȾЩ󳼵ۣһµѪͻƿǡ
մȾϡ
ɫ԰ֽŰӵ̣ʱȴƴһ㽫һſűõҩ˸ţµѪ٣ϢҲȶ
ȴżҶȫǺ⡣
̸ұ֤ܵޣⱲܹҵĿ̣û֮һ
һУҶ溦ģ
ͬһʱ̣վеɽµ糣ĶһеĳɫȨȡ
ȨȶٵصɲǣһǬڴ䴭϶ɢ
ͬʱʼ¡ĿһƶסϵǬ
ֻоһ΢紵Ǵѹʱɢ
˶һɲǵͷԹûκ˸ֱʼ¡Ŀ⡣
ֳǱɫȨȵµֳȨȵϯռ˾ࡣ
ֳֳɫȨȵİ糣߸ߵİͷ­·ǬڵĹûκιϵַ·ǴǬһһ㣬ȥκӰ졣
ʾ
£ϷּҪ¾ɳӳǷڵ֣ȲҶ棬¸跽㣡˵꣬ٴһеĳɫȨȡ
ɫȨȣȨȣɽ֮һֳַȨߣ١
Űһ٣Ȩڶɢһޱȵһɢ˷
ɢɲǣٷȨļϥĪһͱܵŷȨ¹
һԵϯռ˾״һеȨҲصһ١
һȨȲϢس˷Ȩȡ
ǬУ͵شһС磬ȨȵѹȨȵϢͬʱɢ
ǬڵϢػعƽ
ͺ¿ƤˣϷȥһֹǡǸĻ԰ڣӱĲ𣿡
ϯռ˾һڣһåǣֱӽҶˡ
Щһѵԣ
ǣϯռ˾ĻеȨȣȻһΩΩФͦͦ°
˲Ϣͱŭˣ϶
ԣ໻һı飬еǼһʮǰͱϷһ˯ˡ
ɰ꣬Σʲôֵģ޶ˣеǸһӦҲһɣ
ҪǷſʱ䣬һٸе˯һΣ

ɲǼ䣬Ǭڣ㼸һߵĴܳǣúЦ
ЩĳǣЦȴȴַŲԭһʱ׶ˡ
ҶȴһȻҲ̫å˰ɣ
Ҷϲ
ǣ¥˰
ҪַҶ飬ôλϯռ˾һڣͱȨ֮أ
㳯괫Ҷ鸮㳯ǬΪܹ괫ˡ
㳯ǿҶɻ󣬾ʹϵĸҶ潲һЩ
ǸķȨȣȨȣʮ֮ǰȴͬһԴһ̫塣
ͬʱһ̫壬һսһȥ֮ҲǳɺϵĶȨȡ
ȴûϵһ̫壬һͷǸеģУŮ䵽С

ȻһȨȣһһϷҲٳ֣С¼һ궼һһΡ
һΣˣϯռ˾ֳûˡ
ֳȨȵһ£оܵ衢ܵ˼̤µʱըëֳȨȣҪһ
Ҳڴʱɽ׵
˵һȴһ㣬˲Ϣͽŭİ糸ˡ
Ҫ׵ֻ˵ĸ֡
糵ĺ󱳣ȴǳһ亹һͱ϶ȥ£


1657 ֤ɽ
½¾ɳӳǷڵҶ棬Ϸּ׵һȳİٴɫ˵
ͬһɲǣľľ׵ҲͬʱУڰͬ½֣ҵȽּ
뷢¾ͺŪˣЦŭϯռ˾ҲõȻ
ϵ»ʼ¡ޱĶûκλӦ˼
ΪһҪƽͿƣⲫ
һɲǣ˾ԤͳеԲӣҶѲʹֻȦ֮ˣֱ֤֤֡
֣Ҫ޻˵ûֱ֤ݣƾһƲ⣬ͽµĵɽߣǾܣ
ˣóЩ֤ݣ𣿡ɭɭĿڵ
ȫǵƶ϶ѣ
Ҷ·һȥɳӳǣǣ˵ȥɳӳǵľ֣˵ʵɳӳǵĸ֣ɲֹҶһ
Ѳ˾յ鱨УͲϰλολħĻħߣɿ󣡡˾ԤΪʵŹӣʱѾȫˡ
ҲֻԤˣܹסԭ˫ѹңԤѲ˾Ĵ˾ϳһ塣
ЩĹԱٴ󣬸ԤƹѲ˾ֳĻļһŶԣҲǡ
ȴЦһ˾죬ۻ軨˻Դˣϵ֤ݣɲҶɳӳһ㡣
ɳӳǷڵĸֲϵĸϢ˿ڵȵȣȫҶĹһ
˵ţй⻪һӰ򱻼ĻǬ֡
Ļ龰ɲǣҶͫ׾һ
ߵĻҶٶȸĹ棬ֱһצԴģһҧӵģֱͳġ
ұߵĹĻڣȴɳӳǷڵʬ塣
ָһ⣬ָ˹Ļڵһʬ壬ʬϵ˿ڣӰҶɵ˿һģһ
ңǻ⼸ʬϣҵë˵糳ҶȵҶ棬ҽųȶë𣿡
ȥһëҲȥ˭֪ǲǴһëݺңҶЦ
˵ʵһ־ó֤ݣʵǳҶϣռ֤ⷽ棬ȷʵ˴˼һ˼ҪҶء
ǷսӰӦҶɳӳϹŲ󹥻̺ʱ¼µӰȻѼ˹ȥ
һ֤ݣҶ֪޷沵ģΪõģȷʵСèսʱµë
Ҫˣ𣿡糶Ц
Ҫݺأܹ취α֤ġ޷沵⣬Ҷֻˡ
ҿӲʱЦһǰӰ̽ӰֳǬС
ӰߵҶ;ͷɳӳϹŲӰұߣɳӳǷڵʬ塣
λ뿴ʬϵ˿ϢӰߵľͷɵģֱһģһңǻɳӳǷҵ˾ͷĿˮм
Ҷ棬ôͣ
ͷ棬̫ޣܹӵоͷ̫޵ˣࡣ
ҽľͷųԱȡĿˮм𣿡糺ȵ
Ҷ濪ڣϯռ˾࿪ˣôͷϡ𣿡
Ϸ֪ӵеľͷ棬Ͳ°ͷɣĨѿˮˣͺԣɲɣ
ޣˣǴܵڣڣͷƣֱҪ̫ࡣ
ϷһֻͷڿţҪҪϷҲֱ֣ӿʼ
ŭ𣬵׵ȴˣɳӳǷ֮ˣͬʱӵоͷģֻҶһˣ
Σ֪ɳӳǷȡĿˮмǲǴǻľͷŪ˵ģ෭˸İ۵
㣡
ֱᣬһһڰ֤ݣȴһһˣֱ̫Ҫˡ
Ҫ֤ݣǻӲʱٶȿڡ
ָӰɳұߵϰپڻ߽δڵʬ塣
ߺмӰУȻҶɵԲ֮ҹʱԭӥһսʱһɽɳӳɱʱĳ
Ʒ鱦ĳɫߣֱɲʲô˶еģ
ңֻҪҶóɽɳӳǷ²ʬϵʬһԱȣֱܹǲĿⶢҶ档
Ҷٴγһû뵽ɵԲ֮ҹսӰŪˡ
Ʒ鱦Ľⶫϡǣԣ㲻ǴײˣҲȴײ˶ٰɣ
αһ𣿡ϯռ˾һ϶ݺĿǲϡ
һζӱܣûκôġ
һٴ׳һ֤ݡ
ģε֤ݣҶʩչɵʱ龰ɳӳǷڵı֮µĲԫϱڡ
ɲһܹɹģһ㣬Ҷνͣٴʵ
ٴηһİۣòɽھмҰɣҳǧļһ𣿡
ô˵Ҷ涼ЩȻˣʵ޳ܼЩ
ǣ޷沵֤ݣô
ܲܽҶȻ󽻸ǰɣ
аףк鱦ϢаףϷ˵˰ɣҶǡӵһΪϵ鱦ٴ˵
۾һ׵ܣ⣬׵ٵ𣿡
ֱܹӴ߷а׵ĺ鱦׵Ĳࡣʾ
ȴǲ࣬תʼ¡£Щ֤֮⣬ǻи֤ϰȫָҶ档
ش˾˾ԣֻһ޷ָ֤Ҷ
ǣ˶֤ݣܣҲҲڶ
ֻҶ棬ֻҶȫϡ
֤ɽ
˵ڶ٣£Щ֤ݣ;ѾԿȷ׾Ҷ档
;һΪر£ᣬûֱץˣϷ˷ּҪˡ
˭Щ֤ݣѾףּףɫ
ͬһɲǣľľ׵ͬʱǰȵּף
˵һ㿪ʼǬڻص
һ˲䣬ʼ¡˾Ԥɫ÷ǳѿ
ϯռ˾Ժãǣȴǲܡ
ǵʱ
һԣѪ̣ܵѾҧгݵĿҶ棬Уڴ


1658 컯
ʼ¡Ĭʱԭȴǳпˡ
£ǴôڶԿħһϣΪôĶԿУ˵սѡ
ǰ£ȴпӰ쵽ǴĹϵشãӰԿħĴơ
ԭ⻰Ϊܿǣʵϣȴַʽʼ¡
ԭʱһڣͷЩĳͷ׷׳пڽԡ
£鳹£ҪĸһӰħսϵΡ
¡
һĹ򣬾гʮǰԣѾռĿǰڳϵĳ֮һ
ɼ͸ж¡
ÿһԱһ䣬ʼ¡ͻѿһ֣һĳǱƹһһĽԣʼ¡ɫĿԵγˮ
ܵĳߣҲܼҡ
һǱ飬ƾ֤ܹҴܵĺԺǲŪ뱾֤ܶٵˣ
ɣʵ֤Ҫǽָ֤һˣܶϷֵǶӲٵݡ̲ȵ
ԣ˾ԤЦˣϷ֤֤ͼѹıƺҲʲô£
һǬϵʱͱޱȣԭ۾һУ˴˾Ԥ˾죬ҳԣȴ˵ЦЩҲǿõģ
Уľ֮⡣
˾ԤȴںһЦϷֻǾٸӣ¶ˡ
룬£
ΪʵεĹӣԤ֮Ǿһҹʵҧ˭ҧ˭ҹ
ֻҪʵۻܹĹù
ǣһʵۿʼʱҲڲԶˡ
һسþòôѿ
Ҷ濴ֻǻƵĹƶѣòժҶĿɿ֤ݣ޲
µƺԴԤϣһسˮٴλڣ£֮ǰ⽻Ϸ򡣡
ĻǬΪ֮һ࣬ʼ¡Ҳ֮ɫ
ӴϺʹһǿӲܵʥӻǱλݸôһġ
ʵϣͷҪȴʥӴĶࡣ
ʥӣ֪˶λˣ̫ʱڣҲֻôһλ
ʥӿڴܵĹ˼ӳ֣ԣҲ
Ǿû˸СӰ
˵ϹΪ±ٵ飬δݲκаħ£ԣ£볹飬ϧһдۣҳף
ҳףδԤӰ졣
ԣ⽻Ϸ´һ仰˵
ʼ¡Ŀһ˵
ĿһԣǱ²Щ֤Ҫֱӵ֤ſϽҶ
ֻܴŵޣ棬ʩչתʱ컯Ҫ֤
һһڳʼ¡ѿޱȣϯռ˾飬Ҳѿ
ܹ֮ô꣬һֱţ˵ܣΪλĴڡ
λĴڣȻϹδ¶棬ǣȴǶһһֱš
˵ħ֣λԳ֣ħռݵĵ򣬽
λ棬˵λֻҪһλ˵ʩչʲôתʱ컯ֻҪһһ仰ܶһС
ȻߣҲûеǸ
ǸС
ʼ¡ֻҪǬڣ٣ҲΡ
ǣ£ʵܾ˶֪Ҷɵģֻ뷽跨ıסҶ档
һһλʩչתʱ컯ó֤֤Ҷ֡
ôʱʼ¡Ͳɨô򵥣˵ԭ֣·ϵʼ¡Ҳпܵġ

µĹؼǣһıͻռǺԤˡ
ԣ糴һʱס˴ܾ
ʶԣҶһֲԣһҶֲصӰ쵽Ȩ͵λôͿʱҶ档
֮ǰǶķԤ⣬ȴû뵽׼֤ݣҪֵĶࡣ
һӰڸ߲㽻ʱ򣬼ֱ֤ࡣ
һ㣬Ҷ滹ʼ¡ûԤϵľľȻ֮
Ϊ˴ףȻϧŵޣʩչתʱ컯
Ҫ֪ǵʩչתʱ컯ҲҪĴۡ
Խ糵仰Ϊ壬ӣɲԳơ
ˣһֱ
Ŀ仯Ҷ棬Ͼ֪ˡ
һʼ¡ڵѹҶ潻ȥǾˡ
˵ʵҶҲû뵽Ȼ˷Ϊ˶ԸһССͨصߣȻϧ붯棡
Ҷ֪ڣҪԾȡ
룬Ҷе£ָ֤ͬ⣬Ҳ
ž޴ѹԥʼ¡Ŀ⿴Ҷ棬ҲǣӦ˵˵
£Գָ֤ȫһԸƶϣЩӰ֤ݣҲȫϳķжϡԣһҪ󣡡Ҷ˵
Ҫ󣿽ʼ¡ֱ˵˵
Ȼжʧ󣬶Ҫľ޴ѹʼ¡ѾʼҪҪҶ棬ڿôܽҶ֮ӰܵС
ǣȻҶмҪԾȵ˼Ҷһᡣ
£һһָ̲֤֤Щ֤ûΪֽŵĺۼǲǿԳݺ
ܹЩ֤ΪֽŵĺۼǾܹϴȥɡ
˵꣬ҶĿ⿴˰糣ӰеЩʬ壬Ӧûڱɣ
ȻЦ
ʼ¡ߵߵ󣬺Ͼݣ׼࣡
Ӧûʲôɣʼ¡ʵ
£ǵ֤ȫֳ֤Ҫһһȶԣûڳල˽ٻ֤һתͻصز֤֮ǰҪȷһ¡
£
£ز֮ȷЩ֤ȫӰ˵ûǶֽŵĺۼô˵
ǲҶʹ˿ǲǻύҶأµʵ
ʼ¡һҶ棬ǵ֤ûжκֽţҶ޷ֵ֤Ļǽ˵𣿡
ʼ¡˵ǵˮ©ȻӦ˰糵󣬵ǸҶء
ԣ糵˵ͷǾز֤û
ʼ¡Ŀȴǿ˴˾Ԥ䣬ĪѲ˾̲֤֣೤ʱԼϵأ
˾ԤһҶ棬νĿڵر£ȫҪʱ䡣
ر£̲ʸϵһ̲֤֣ĿǰһСѲ飬ټҪʮϡ
ô֤ȫһ飬ʱҪҡ̲Īص
ʮԺûɣϵʼ¡ˡ
µ糳˼һ££û⣬ǿԵȣʱڣҶܵʹܵ˫ؼӣԲ뿪أ
ʼ¡Ŀ⿴Ҷ棬Ҷ棬ʱ乻
Ҷ˵ͷر£ûκ


1659 Ծȼƻ
˵ʵҶʼ¡ֱԸӡ
Ҷһز֤Ҫʼ¡ͶϤҶҪ󱳺Ŀġȡʱ䡣
Ȼ֤ܽó֤ϱߣǲ鲻ģҶҪֻΪȡʱ䣬ΪԾȡʱ䡣
Ҷ汾ΪҪѵ㾢û뵽ʼ¡ʹ˾Ԥ˾֮伸仰͸Ҷȡ˱ʱ䡣
Ҫ˵ˣҶȥˣ
֮ǰʼ¡ǸҶµʱ׼
ʱô׼Ծȣ
ʱҶû뵽ľȻǿҪǣҶõԾֶΣڴܺƤӵ½У֤Ҷ޹ġ
ҶܳɹԾȡ
糵Ҫɢ֮Ҷͻᱻӣ˫ؼӡ
Ҷڳжǣȥʹ̲Ѳ˾ĸָš
һҶӸֵߣǾΪηǱӡ
ԣҶʱΧǸֻơ
ԴܵѲˣѲԳʮ̲ʮлһ޵Ϣ
ļߣݸӵǿԭҶ淢ѵʦػΪͷ죬дʦҲȵǿˣʦˣĴʦˣ
Ҷһ뿪ʳǣЩ˾ǰǰһ㣬ҶǰΧ˸ˮйͨ
˵˽ӴҶ棬һֻӬҲ޷ӴҶ档
Ҷ֮ǰסݣҶ滹ûͱЩ߳ռݡ
һڲ˵ϵ£еǿ߼ӣˣ˵ҶҪҲ˸档
ȻҲɵҲҶʵĿġ
֪Ҷʱ䣬Ѱת
ǰ£Է˯˿ţҶǿ󣬿һ̶ڡ
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ͻȻ䣬Ҷһ䣬ܵһڷ̵ʦǰ˦־͸һƣʲô
Ķֱӽʦˣˡ
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ػԸ˵ʲôѲտɭɭѲ˾鱨ҴɣôѲ˾鱨پߣնּѲѲ˾鱨Ʒߣȫ壡
λѲҵʦ鷳Ѳϱ֮ȫ壡Ҷȵ
飬ϱֻҪ˾죬ǾͿնࡣտɭɭ
һλҶ˶ʦˣиһ˿֣̿һĿ˴ʦػԡ
ǿɲ˵ġ
ֵ˹ؼʱ̣Ҷ棬նпܡ
ɣǿǴ֮ʱλ涼ͷģκˣֻҪ̤ϴܵأشɡ
ץˣѲտһ֣дѲԸѲʱͽʦŵһ¡
ţ
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һΣػʦɫޱȵѿ
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ǶԣҲǷǳûӵһ顣
ѲǱ²Сģ֪ΪѲͲҪ׷˰ɣʦػ˵
տȴûֱӻش𣬶ǽĿ⿴Ҷ档
ʦػʱѲտ˼׷׷ǵÿҶ˵˼
ȻֲԸʦػԻǽĿ⿴Ҷ棬˼ǽҶ
µּ⣬ֻǼҵ٣죡
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ʦػԳ
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û⣬Ƿ׳Ҳãҽȥʼ֮󣬾Ͳκ˽Ҷ˵
ԣ
ʦػԴӦļΪʹ죬ڸʮף׵˽˾ңЩǿߵ£ȥͲȥʵûκ
ֳҿʼ׵ѼҶѲտͶ˸мһƳ
һֱ֮ǰһ㣬һֱʦ粽ĸҶĻҶԾȼƻûκλչ
ڣȴ


1660 ֹļ
ڣһɫεĳֹ̤ϯռ˾ķ䡣
׼ҸⶨҴѡĿӡ֮ҾͿʽˡֹ˵
ϯռ˾˵ͷһ˿ЦݣһҴѡӦΡ
û˵꣬ոճϯռ˾Цݾͱ˿Ц
ƺװɣЦ
ǵӦҵģҴȫҲųһġŴŴģŴŴУȴ͸һ޷ıļ֡
Ҵѡû⣬ѡܻܲһϷ˼Ҳ֪뷨
ӲȥһƵʩչתʱ컯鷳ɾʹˡ
ҲǼ£ҶǸСӵģֽŻɾûֱ̫ӵ֤ݡ
ǣһε̬ޱȵļ
˵ϯռ˾ٴοЦ⣬뿴±ߵĳֵҪǱˣûлɶա
лɶ¾ƴ̫ʥҲҪһӣء
ԣȱˣҲֻϵʱһ㣬飬ȴ㣡
һʱһʱ䡣ңֻҪҶΪʱһ棬ǾͿ˳µĻ̫ʥֹ˵
ϯռ˾ʱһ̫ʥ֪̫ʥĴж
̫ʥǿǷܻ֮ѵġңؼǣ͵ʵǱߣ㻽̫ʥҲͽͰȰ
ֻҪʱ䣬վа취ġ׼Ӧҵġֵֹ
⡭
ЦԼ֪Ҷֹϵһû뵽־Ȼ˾
Ϸðһ䣬ǸСѾ˽ˣʵ
ֹҡҡͷûУ
ԵΪȻʣ໹Ǻ⡣
ûУֹҡͷ
ϷףΪһҪҪ֪ȥûнģ
ңҲû׼
һ˲òҶ潻ȥʱߵֻҶҶᱻǱȴʵʱ
ϷģõģСҶҲܻӲӲ˭ҪǿĶࡣ˵꣬Ϳųֹڵľϡ
ֹûп̫ʱ䣬ͻҡҡͷ
ϲġ
һʧȥ֮·ͻỮϾţǾԲġ
ңһĹ͵Ǹɱûʲô¾µһӢֹۣ˵
㻹湻˽ġЦ
˭ħǸϦĵطദһ࣬ޱȵ˽⡣ֹ˵
ԭ𣿡ʵ
һֻеĽ˿ȸǴܹصǸˡңҡϲֹ϶ظһ˿Ρ
״ʹһ¶ͷ⡭ϷǺáչ顭ûнģǣҲн
ûнҲܣڣȽӦҵʵˣ֮ǰԼһʹ
Ҫұ͸壬Ҵҳ׼ı־ֹһޱȼ˵
ϯռ˾飬رޱȵࡣ
ֹʥĴ֮Ѿ컯̤֮컯飬ԣȡֹ
ԵڳԵʣֹʱֹڰǰô˵£ԴΪвѾ˳ֹľġ
Ϣ֮󣬳ֹŰӳӡ뿪ֻϯռ˾һʹĴԴ
ϷôӦַ˼Ҫأ
£ˡ
̬Ҫʧˡ

ڣλʦԳ֣ҶҪ⣬£ÿһҳ˱飬ȷûκ֮ų˾ңҶ롣
ʦػԵȴʱʱ̵̿侲⡣
˵κһĸҲӲʦĹ۲졣
֮⣬ϡ¸һλĴʦʱš
Ϊ˷ֹҶߣػԴʦҶ棬ҶûκһӶݵĻͿܵġ
Ϊ˷ֹҶ汻ɱ
մһԣһЩ˱Ҫʱ򣬵󣬾ͻύһʬ塣
ǴһᱣǿӲ̬ȵԣ浽˱ҪҶʱ򣬴ܾŪҶ棬ȻٽҶʬ彻
飬֮ǰٷʮϡ
һ֮˶ĴʦʦΪ˶Ҷ棬Ϊ˷ֹٴʩչֶ˵ֶΡ
ͬʱѲ˾ĸֺ̲ĸ֣Ҳǵķ
ڣҶϥٴοʼƻ
ӵְʥּ㳯֮Ҷɵ£ɲǰ׹ġ
Ҷÿ춼ʱ¿ܷչķȻڵûݳҶԾȷȴס
Ŀǰ£ܹϵԾȷֻˡ
һ£˭޷Ҷ£ҶֻܶսѪתϹħڣӹһ١
ȻҶĿǰĴ½ƴµһУҪȫˡ
²Żᶯõı
ǰΣһԾȷһǳΣյԾȷ
ҶѾΣյԾȷʦʼԾȷѾʼ
ڣҶԾȷһҪڴʦػԵ£÷滻Ȼλʦļ£֪뿪
ȻҶ治ҪӣǴҪ졣
ڵǣǺҪĴ¼ǰһͺѡ
һʦػԵע⣬ǿǵǿ߰
Ҷü˼ʱ⣬һɧ
ոհôʦػԺܲˬ
ô£˵κ˲ýӽ𣿸ǿнӽߣɱ𣿡ʦػԺȵ
شʦǳֹǵסʦЩΡ
ֹʲôǳֹЩһʦ浲סֹݣǷǳġ
һǰʼ¡һʥֹּΪ˼л¡
ܵĹͨûв鳯µʸ񣬵ʥּʹųֹ˻һݣһ鳯¡
ܵĻӺܶ࣬Ҳܹܶ࣬лµĹҽгֹһλλͲһˡ
ңֹҲŲһݡ
˫ݵĽϣע˳ֹһܹסġ
ĹĶͳſڣһۣʦػԾ;ˡ
Ĳ̣
ôˣҪʲô


1661 ǧս
ſǳһССǼռ˾ؼ˾ֳָɫдһʢװĵεĳֹʦػɵˡ
⵽Ҫʲô
ػԴʦÿҪ߹ɡֹһ˿
ػٴһ£ǵĵǰѾ峡Ҷ֮⣬ֻѲ˾̲ˡ
ɣ
£ԣػʵ
һسϯռ˾ǰػԴʦšֹԱŵ
ǡǸһλػԴʦ뵽һܣǾĲ̫ܡ
Ҷ棡
ֳֹڣػԴʦͫʱһҲõޱȵء
£֪ôʲô𣿡ػԺȵ
ֹȴǸ߸߾еȨȣȵĲʽޱʥκ˸ֹݵĵˣ
ػԴʦҪϱĲʽ𣿡
׼ǳֹһµͬһɲǣǰߣƾճǿޱȵϢ
ָ˻ƽͬһʱһ̫޵ϢֱӺػԴʦɫұ䡣
һӳõɢǿϢķЩ˾УʱԼ
˾һģÿһļ˾޵ļ˾ܶһͷսֲ̫ޡ
ͬһʱֵģɢɭɭ飬ʮλΪϢߴڵ飬ĿػԴʦ
УҲһ޴ޱȵĻҺɫƸס͸ͬʱܱߵϢɭޱȡ
ЩãЩ˽
ôʦػɫǣǴӳֹȨӿֵǧǳӵӰ
ĵڣϹʱս飬ÿһʦʵ
ǧսǰǸͷ죬ȴǿԶԿǿߵĴڡ
ңϵļƷԽЩս鷢ӳսԽֲ
ͬһɲǣһСɵ񵶾ͳ˳ָֹϣֹĿ͵ĿػԴʦ
ػԴʦٲÿͻԱ̺컯ľѪƷնɱ赲ǵһеˣֹ˵
ˢһ£ػԴʦͷĺˮˡ
Ҳͬһʱ䣬ѲԾͳϿգڴͬʱĽн˺̳ǳһ
ڳߣر˿ֲѲտıӻҪ졣
вͿܸԴĴ¡
ǣ˲ϢϵѲտһ漰Էסˡ
꣬ƣѲ˾㲻
˵Ѳ˾ǽϹҲ㲻
⹥˭
տٶ֪ͨ˴˾Ԥ
ոոϵĽһۣͰп࣬ϱӵֵʱֵù¡
ְܲܣǣôܰ⣡
ʮϢʱ䣬ڻʹ˰Ħʼ¡յ㳯Ϣ
͵𣬻źǸˣüͷѾͷҪʲôҪҶĵӣôԽԽˣ
Ҳǣ֪ᣬôܹӡأ
֣ں֣ʼ¡͵ӡ
ʼϢ֮͵ؿڵ飬ȥ˵Ҫ֣
Ҷ棬һᱣģôַ
ϵģ㳯û뿪ǽԵ£ūģūȥҲǲġ
µӱ֪ģȻ׼飬ȴı䡣ң̶֯ǰݣ˲׼
ңʱֹܵϯռ˾ʥּȥҲѹסͽ顣
Ĳʽѭǹ񡭡
ҲУҲУѵ޾֣ʼ¡ŭ
ʵ۷㳯˵ˣ˼
ʼ¡۾ȴһУ飬ָҶĹϵеĻҪһ㰡
˵ΪʲôҪıҶأҶʲôأǡ
ū֪ūؼСĵġ㳯˵
ȻͷţǾͿͷţܹײԶȥտǱߣǿ־ǣ
ūϴּ㳯ͷ
ſڣʦػԶͷ亹·һ䡣
Ĺϵ
￪սģܾһճ־õĴսֻȫ濪չ
ȻҲֻһĦ
ǣˣһ͸ƺķһЩмܲס
λʦʱҲص׳վػԵ֧࣬Ԯ
ԥģʦػԸµ糷˷Ѷ£ˣֻʾǡ
ңǰĳֹľģֹ֪̳ʥŮĴУѾ컯塣
ԳֹĿǰ컯壬ֻҪһξѪЩսǴ˼Ѫһ㣬ǿսһս
˾е̫ˡ
Ҫʱ䣬ֹȴǲʱ䡣
𣬴Ĵָ˻ȥǿʼʱˣֻϢʱ䡣
Ϣ֮ǲÿֹҪˡ
ƽʱϢǶԣҲǳʱڴʦػԶԣȴޱȵĿ졣
оֻգһָָֹۣյһֹе񵶣Ѿʼɢ⡣
ػԴʦ֣ʱҪˡ
ǣµ糵ķѶû
׼ֹ߸߾е񵶣Ȼ֮ɫ
񵶸£һޱ߲ҵɱʹӳֹǧսӿ
ֹһ˾еĹǷҲ˲Ұ׵Ĺ⻪ǼȽף
УѲտͽ죬Ҳŵֱĭ
սһǺֱ
ལ
ػԴʦڳֹµɲǣ͵һڿˮһԣ£룡
ֹ񵶣ͷϣͣϷ
ػԴʦãĶļһǣһտֱؿڣ
ʽСһʧеȨһΣǧս˲ϢʧҲ׷볤ֹӰյƣʼɿɢ
󣬳ֹͷ֮ڡ
ͬһɲǣֹĸɫ˾ǣй⻪ղһɢſֲϢ̫ǣ˲Ϣʧ
һ䣬ŴսսΣ˲Ϣͱ˹Ĳ̡
Ŵ߽ڣ߲ŷһ⣬䵽˴ʦػ
ѶڵϢĴʦػԳһЦݡ
Ķˣ
λľõľһ¡
һɲǣʺλʮ˴̫ˡ
Ҫ˵鰡


1662 ּͻ飿
ضǵԺɽһ侫ڣµ糡ľľ׵Զ
µڷŭǸѾͷⲻǺ𣿽ֱֻὫ¼ֵĸ󣡡
Σ׵ܻһ侲ΪǾʹòҶ
ҶǸһˡ
ĲϽ˵뾪棬ܳ˽顣糺ȵ
;棬Ƕԣ붯һĴۣҪЩһ﻽̫ʥҪСϰٱֹ
붯棬Ҳֻ˵ޣҪ̫ʥٺ١Ц
ľľһ٣ֻ
ǣԭϾܹһ飬Ѿͷƾ
Ҳ²ûôӣʵǻʵ϶¶Ը⿴붯棬ʩչתʱ컯
٣һɲʩչһתʱ컯˵
ңǸѾͷҪսǣܺ׵˺Ƥڵ档
系ҡҡͷǣ»ƾǵͲӦøѾͷʥŮУƾһǿĵˣ
糺仰ǳľľȵģʥŮеһ£ľ˺ġ
ѾڱԹˡ
ľ˰һԣϹţħǵµķּɵ棿
еִǵıͣûв廰ƤӶ˶ûٿִ⡣

Ҳܡڣ׳ֹҶ棬һ;ܾ˳ֹ
Ҷܲ׳ֹ˼ǣٽֹڣҶǲԸġ
ΪĿǰҶҲ޷ȷܲС
ûõģܾˣ⣬һսΪ˲Ϊ
ңΪֻһѣͬͬ⣬Ѿˡ
ԣʱҪ㣬͵һ˼ңӲܣҶʱֱӲ¡ֹһķ顣
ҡ
Ҷ涼֪˵ʲôˡ
볤ֹ֮ĸоֵģܹǺܸ˵ģǣϣҲ֮С
⣬㡭Ը⣬Ըּͻ飡˵ֵʱ򣬳ֹϲ˺Σɬ
Ҷȴ׺䶥һ㣬ˡ
ĲҶ棬һеλʦѲտˡ
ⳤֹǷ𣿡
б½ͻҶ棡ⲻܣûһϮĹλ֧ţûʸȢġտ૵
ػԴʦȴһܵĹǵ׹ȢѶȿɲһĴҶĿǰûκοܡ
һ㣬ػ֪ģǣ仰ȴܴųֹҪҶľĵж
һҶΪǾͻΪԱǾԲɱһλԱġ
һʱ䣬ػԽϢͨȫȨִµλ
ô㡭㡭ǲǲϲңֹ򸣬ԴѾ촹ؿˣͻȻʹ˼ֱ⡣
Ҷˣ£ʵ̫ͻˣ̫ˣ̫ýˡ
ֹеı⣬ȴҶЩ̣æ͵ǡ
˵֣ҶľͱֹĻˣֻҪ㲻⣬Ҫںʵʱһּͻġ
ֹּͻ˼ֻΪ˾ȳҶѣϵĺκ⣬ȴǳʵ뷨
ԣҶһֹ˵˵ǺƵġ
ʻͬ⽫ֹͻҶ棿
޿ܣ
˭顣
ⲻغĿǰ棬غܻ档
ĿǰΪֹܵκһλĺţλûеƷϮġ
ȻˣǾͿʼܷɡֹ˵
ֹΪ˱ּͻ鶼㣬ܲ⣬Ҳûʲôˡ
ȻˣҶ̹ȻĲ⣬ʽΪһԱ
ò˵ֹޱȵķ˺ܶ࣬ʱɸߴʱ
ػΪ׵λʦһ񾭽Ųĳ棬³ֹʲô۶ӡ
ӱϾֻѣеһΪһĳֹӡµʱ򣬳ֹؼӡ̺ĺϢ
ǰ纣ĺϢǰҶص׵ûзһ


1663 Ų
ֹһƱ˺ƺƵ뿪ݣʦػһ
κߣǵļӴ鷳
ŵĲʽλʦ񾭣ֱ˼¡
ͻȻð̿͸ɵҶ棬ôҲֻ֮ܲˡ
ֹȻˣɸһЩ鷳
Щ鷳ػҶľ⡢ϵµʮλǼ
Ҳ֣ܳҶӦ˱
ɣػû취ߣɲԸٸֹһļһŶԡ
֮ǰһĻǽŻˡ
ʮλǼҲʲôֻƤӵ¶ѣ൱ڶһȺҶ˶ѡ
ʱҶ棬ѾϥھҴϣǱ֮Уոյֵӡͱǰࡣ
ûë
һ
ϸϸľںҶܱɨһ飬ػһ
ղŵĲȻһ㣬չ黹һ
һһѶʹ˷ɳضԺ
ÿʱػԶλ㱨Ҷ鱨仯
ضǵԺڣյػϢҲһڿʼǾ;ʮȥ
ǰ系ػԣû뵽ҶʱѾԭϡ
Ȼصĵص״ޱȵҶС֮£˴ʱǶݴصص׵Ľơ
ڵģҶһӰ
ӰҶڴ̫ıԴ˵ǵǿߵɨ䣬վҶ棬ҲֲǰҶ棬Ѿˡ
ҶԾȼƻʽʼ
ڣոջתĳֹҲü˼
Ų֮ʱҶæһ£ӡڵĺϢһĻ
ȻкϢڸǣҶߵķһ㲻ͬѰĲ
ǰҶϢƺôһ˲ʧ
Ҷʹ뿪ȥ¡
ȴûиʲô¡
뿪ʱ򣬳ֹʮǼ
ʮǼΨһʹֹκ˽ӴҶ档
ֻҪʮûڵҶ滹Ǳ״̬κ˲ܽ뾲ڴҶ
ǳֹ뿪Ҷһֱɡ
ֻǣֹ벻Ҷ뿪Ҫȥʲô

ʹôܱ鲼صϹŲ󣬶Ҫܹٷŵȷ֮󣬲ܽɷʹá
һ߶ԣݣ̫ˡ
Ѳ˾ˣҪǲ౸·Ƕ˼ͬŴк
Ҷŵ򣬾ͲϰٸڻʮƷʯ˸֮Ҷαװݣٶ뿪ԭ
ȻҶⲻǱӡ
ҪǱӣҶѹҪ鷳
ҶһŵϹŲλؽ磬ǴܵķݳǴǣִ֮Ҷ沢ûѡʹϹŲ
Ƚ˴ڣ˼Ҿ¥˼˳صɫշ⣬ҶӾ¥뿪ʱ򣬾Ѿһģ
Ҷһ̤ϹŲ󣬼
־ĴŲ֮Ҷִμݡ
μصľ룬ѾǧϣλãȴǸƫһ㣬ΧļݣѲ·ѲʹѲ鷶Χ
ȻҪ£ô˳Ѳϴǧ£ҶҲǺġ
ҶĿ겢μݳڡ
Բٶ֮ڣֻμݳôһϹŲԣµ·Ҷһ˷ɹȥ
Ҷ沢ûм뿪Щ׼Ҫġ
μݳ˽һμݳǵ֮Ҷڷμݳ֮󣬺ȻͶ˵صס
ص֮Ҷصǧ֮Ҷ͵ޱȵûãһ߸ʮ׵ĵص׿ռ䣬ͱҶ
׳һƷϵʯ̵ʱڣҶ潫ص׿ռ¶Ƚ֮͸˷
ȷϷԲ֮ûκעص׵Ķ֮Ҷص׿ռ䲼ؾ󷨣Ϊ˷ֹ˵ص׶н룬Χ˻þ
һ֮ҶСȡһ׼Ǿ·̣ú֮Ƕһٿ鼫ļƷʯ
Ҷɵɽ䭸㵽меŲ󣬼۸СͨѶŲĶʮ˵ңŲŲƾ룬ֻ⻹ֻܳһŲơ
СͨѶŲĹѹûñȣΨһƣŲȴܹŲƻˣ
úһУҶϢĶݳ棬һҽۣĿڵء
μݳһʮݳǣ


1664 ȵ
Ҷʱ뿪μݻĿĵݣλڴܵȻҲȫϵ
ңشǰħսԣܵؽıȫһ
ܵزΪḻħսĸ֮أսԵλΪҪ
ħսʹӦһؽ硣
£սҵı֮أ˿ڶǼΪϡٵġ
Ҷıħ壬ڱˮ壬״ֱҲ̶ãǧǺ顣
ȴһΪ˱ħսʹӦʮݵؽİգϽǨƣʵʮĻƶȡ
ˣܻȵЩŵﷸһŵ
ͬʱŷߣЩծ޲İƾʳƸط䡣
£ȻشħսȴһҲϡ٣ܶ࣬ٳ̶ȣϷͶ
ǣⷲһ漰ս;ӣЩһ̽鷢
ǴսħɢЩΥ͵פЩ˽Լ˰صĹԱñӦøʮݱòôãԹ
ǸǿӲޱȵĴɣ˶ܵɹâҫ
ΣȴǷǳϲ
ЩԹԴԹİգõͽԴյͽޱϵͽ
ԣķ£ڴܵҲһֲ̬ķ١
ܶ࣡
һһ߰˸˵Ƿ±ߵ̳ˡ
ΪսҵԭϲɳӳǷµµձҪǿࡣ
Ҷʱμݣʵ͵£һλʦĵǿ
ûҶеĿ꣬һ£
ֻҶڱӵ״̬£һ±ٴαҶȵϴԼϵɣȻҶһЩ֣á
ҶԾȼƻӵоԵĲڳ֤ݵ£һ¡
ңˣҶ滹Ҫһйŭķ
ҪȻҶһɱµͷ±ܹƼˣʱλתʱĵ棬Ҷɾ군ˡ
ƻǺõģҶƻȴǷǳðա
ķ£ôܹģ
һҶɳӳܹɳӳǷ£̵ĸ
̴ǰΪʰҶ棬һɳӳǷµľ񣬽ɳӳǷڵɢҶƵĻᣬҶûɳӳǷµĿܡ
ڶƻʱҶ׼
ͨǱ鲼µ鱨µķֲ͸µ˽˸ࡣ
Ȼֻ鱨ӣ̶ӴռҲǱ鱨Щޱȵ鱨ҪѲ˾רҵ鱨
Ҳ㹻ˡ
ԼʵҶǧ֮УѡʮһΪĿ¡
Щûдʦפص£󲿷λڴαϡٵϲܺá
ʵûдʦפص£ֻ
ãҶλݵ£ʲ
ݾӵϹŲμݳǾֻһʮҶ滨߼Ų󣬷ǳʺҶ泷ˡ
Σʮ֮УΪƶһݣƶ񤣬࣬˿ں١
Ӧģｨ˷£һֱûеĴʦǰפأҶ֡
ҲǷҶֶѣܲ𣬻ÿҶӣҶ沢ûʮİա
μһʮ·һߣҪμݸϵݣǽ۷ǿߣҲʮʱ䣬һߣҪʮϵʱ䡣
صμݣҶ潫һʱ䣬ټ˷ѵĴʱ䣬ҶĿǰʮʱ䡣
ʱܣԣҶĵĽԦٶȴ߶˼£Ʒʯˮһʯ֡
ͬʱҶ߶òõĵشٴθۼӿһٶȡ
£ÿʯĶʮƷʯңҲгɹģ˾죬Ҷ͸ϵݳǣȽ۷ǿߵķٶȻҪ졣
ҹͣĴ߶ۣҲҶƣ˼¡
֮ҶһʱͶصףһεĿռ˯ʱ
ٴѾʱˡ
ϴһҶ澫ӵݳ¡
ʮݴչͽ飬ܲǲ֪֮йЭ飬ܲԹֶθԤȡͽ
Ҳǿκһܰռ
£´֪ͼҲֻͨһЩͽ
£ɴཫ½ݳǻ߿֮⣬ڴܵĿǿǳ˳Уǳ׽ϣܹٷĿĺ
ҶŴͽһݷµġ
ɳӳǷ£ݷߵޱȵĻ𱬣ԸԸͽﲻ
֮ǰɳӳǷ²ͬɳӳǷҶڵص׶Ӧʱ⵽컯ķ
ЩͽĺߣҶ޼ɵȥ̽ʵȴûκεΣա
µǰԺӳֽӴͽԱΪߵģҲĴʦʦһ
Ҷ̽Ժʱʱ͸ӦʮλǿߵϢ
Ҷͷһʵ֮ɳӳǷǿĿɲһ㡣
ɳӳǷµʦҲûʮλ
ݷµʦѾʮλ
ҶڷºԺ죬ʦߴʮλʦȻǧ
ҶΪݷ̾ʱһߣ͸Ҷ˹
ʲôˣȻҿ󵨣
֮࣬ǵ總֮һҶ׷
Ҷ鲻䣬ʱɢУͬʱϢ
ͬʱһǿޱȵĴԪѹϢǰԺȻҶӹȴû˿ͣ
ǿĴԪѹϢڷǰԺͣ˼ϢԪѹϢˣݷסּΩһɻ
˵ܹ˲Ϣ׷ٵˣҲѾԪĴڣݷڣΪߵڣҲڵġ
Ҷͨصߣֱӣͨ񾳵ߣֱҪ̫ࡣ
·ĸ֣ɻһȦݷסּΩջֱֿ̽飬ҲвкߣԣҲû⣬ٴοʼ
۷𣿡
ݷµҶеĻҪǿĶࡣ
֮󣬾̽ݷԺʵҶ棬ڵУ뿪
ȵϣ


1665 кö
ݷڣҶѾֵڣн۷塢ԪĸһʦʮԽڵĸ־Ӷࡣ
Ĵʦߴʮͨ񾳵ʦǧˣʹĿǸߴǧˡ
ݷµڵɳӳǷµ࣬и߶ȴɳӳǷµ
ɳӳǷ£ͨ񾳵ʦҲǧ˶ѣʦĿˣҶ滹ռ˶ԷֱƵĺô
Դʱݷ൱ɳӳǷҪǳ˵Ρ
Ҫǣһִ̬֮£Ҷûʱ佫ǧ̸
츳ͨڶԸֵսУ÷ǳĴ󣬶ǧǴΧٻֶͨԸ˵սУҪ
ãҲӰԷ֮һĴʦöԷ֮һĴʦ˳սöԷ֮һĴʦΪѷսоصá
ϧһΣֻܿҶԼˡ
ңֻȡ
ԣҶһֱݷϿյУѰſֻܵᡣ
ʱÿһʱҶͻżһ֣εǣʱ̣Ҷ滹õȥ
Ҷһֻжʮʱ䣬ĿǰΪֹʱѾȥʮ죬Ҷ滹ʱ䣬Ҷжʱ䣬졣
δ֮ڣҶ滹ҲֵʱǾֻܱˡ
׼ˣ仰һû
ҶǱݷ峿ոʱλʦʮλʦŰλʹ뿪ݷ¡
״ҶСĸ˺ߡ
ҶѾԪΪЩΪ߲ءΪصĴʦԣԪҶ棬Ϊ棬ѹʽġ
˵Ҷɫ⡣
ԣƨɺһβͣҲǺ֪
ܿģҶ渽ˮɢʹǵ̸֪ǰȥݳǴɹġ
ݷÿһεĴɹ
ݷˣÿĵһֲܿЩʦʦǣƷʵҪ󶼺ܸߡ
Ȼ˵Ϊﵽ䣬ʮ²ԷҲûʲôӰ죬㹻ˡ
ǣֻҪ˭һԼĿڸ֮
οʳЩȡơ̺⣬µĻ£ߵΪǾ޴ġ
֮Ĳɵġ
һʺͨӵܣֲƳԳԺȺϰ꣬ΪԲЩʾ˵һŲ
֮УֻҪһͶ٣ǱʱҲٲһ衣
ֻЩƵߣŻᾡĿƿڸ֮
֮ƶࡣ
ܹлʦţһͣңڲֲƣǳ˹Ӧ
ȻݵλܹͬܵĶҲǲͬġ
£ЩԱ£ᶨ˳ȥɹݷҲ⡣
ɹǸʲݷµĲɹסּΩĵӳɻÿ²һΣ죬ǡǲա
˵Ŀ֮Ҷһ˼⣬͸ȥҶģ᲻
ֱٵݳǣһٶ˶۽һҶûκֵĻᡣ
˽ݳǣתͳˡ
ɹĳɻһ֣ʮʦʮʹǰݳǸʡ
Щʦʹ߹֮󣬳ɻʦһЦͷֱ˲ͬĵط
Ҷ׷£һʦ߳ûԶͻ˸ģȻݳһҶĳ
ڸɹĴʦɻƹĴ֣߽СһΪľСԺӡ
СԺ˲࣬λŮλŮһӡ
ɻӵұģҶѾ֪ôˡ
һݳڻҡ
һ˫İϷɻĲҪ̫ˡ
浽󣬲ŮŪ̱࣬ŮҲŹ
º󣬳ɻ£ųļŮ˯ȥһɫСݷ·һ˳ɻ塣
¹شҶÿһǳСġ
ſСݽɻҪѨסڳɻһƺߵɲǣҶ涸شӵص
һƷǼλŮԡ
Ҷ潫Ŀо֮ɫĴʦɻ޴˵صһʱٳĵص׿ռ䡣
ʿʼ
ӲͷУҪӳɻľɫ֮ͽҳһӲͷЩѡ
ܿģɻͽݷµʵҶ棬ݷµʵҶ֮ǰ̽鱨ಢࡣ
Ϊ˻ɻһԾϢ
ʵݷסּΩ˽ӣݷסּΩճɣΪʱŴųɻ
ɻ˵ҲΪԭŵõݷ²ɹ֪ʲΪ֤Լ˵ģɻ˵סּΩ˽ӵ飬ݷ£ʵܡ
ɻԴ˸Ҷ棬ɱд鷳Ҷһ񲻵ĲƸ
ЩҶ治ÿɷЦЦϾҪʵݷµļƻˣںЩ
ҶںǳɻᵽһϢΪסּΩ˽ӵԭݷڵÿһλʦÿһλʦŲĹϵ
û˻ɵ
ְԣҶ汾ȤҶȤģǰԱ
СҶ沢ûȫݷסּΩ˽ӳɻѶֱ֮Ӷѻꡣ
ѻ֤Сû˵ٻңѻԭҶõ˳ɻ󲿷ֵļ䡣
ݷڵ˼ʹϵƾųɻСԴЩ߰ĶҶ潫ݷڵ˸߰˳ɡ
СӵԸҲһЩ˽⡣
СΪСӵʲôƣŪ˴ݾߣҶѻʱ򣬺зִ磬ûóɻС
ֽɻӽ޴ڣҶڵ̫ıԴӿһΣһɻʹ˳֡
ûɳɻģ֮ҶϸĻһ£Ԫ鰢߶̫ҶϢɻϢһģһ
ҶٴλصСԺʱǼŮڳ˯
ϳɻĴʦΣʱ֮Ҷ潻һۣ뿪СԺ
ԼĵطǴӵʮλʦ˲ֵ˰ʱĺ۵λʦǵˡ
ףɸ磬ôô磬գֻбδλʦ絽ĳɻһ
ЩζˡҶһ㶮ı顣
λĺ۵Ĵʦʱ¶һı飬ɸ磬Ҷˣģ´γɹ֮ǰֵһ㰲żʻɫ
ҶٺٸЦһ¶һ˶ı顣
һвɹ̤Ϲ̡
ɫողڵʱ򣬻תݷ£ѹûκ̲飬ҶͻҹѾرյݷ¡
һ֮Ҷصɻķ䡣
˼һ֮Ҷó˴ӳɻķһѶ
Ѷݺܼ򵥣ҷ䣬кö


1666 ʧʦ
ҶһѶĶ񣬾ǰһǰȥǸĹ
ҶķѶȥûʮϢǸһŶ롣
ɸ磬㵽״ʲôö㲻᣿ǸĹʦҶ޴һڴޱȵģ
ҶصĴһԸһ΢ľ磬ǸĹʦӵĺ档
Ҷſ˿ڴһء
Ĺʦȥʱ򣬲ûע⵽Ҷվĵطֲ
ȥɲǣǸֲϵļ͵һǣʹ̽Сȡ
ĹʦֻȲ΢Ҳû⣬ͷȥʱɫΪ֮һ䡣
ɸ㡭
̧ͷʱֻҶɭЦݣܵľĲԣλĹʦ
߶ʱ򣬲žֵķ֣Ȼ᲻һͷ·𱻽һ㡣
ˮlƺָЫӵɫζȴǸӵİԵٶҲǸ죬Ѫ
гҶһޱȵذףûжκ£Դ
ѪɲǣԴʬ壬ȫսռڣҶӽڵսѪ⻪һͽ˽ȥ

ûκεɢһѪζû£Уֻһ㵭µѪζ
һӣҶɢ΢ŵѪζȡһ̳Ҿƣþڿ£ԹˣҲŲѪζˡ
һҶٴͨɻķһѶ
һηĶȴݷΪʦ֮һ
֪ĴɱһλʦѶȣɱȴɱһλĴʦѶˡ
ҶķѶĺѡԡ
յҶ淢ĵڶѶʦסּΩţһλصʦƽʱԳɻҲΪ硣
λʦƽΪþơ
Ѷһкö
ݷס˽ݣǺٻģȱʦҲʮϢ֮ڳķſڡ
ŵһɲǣҶ˻еľ¾̳ȻóɻĿǵһݸŪʲôþƣ
þƣѲ˺þõ𣿡սŵʦʱһڿˮҶ¾ľٶȻĹŹ֣ûֹ
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Ҷ治ÿɷһЦ־ͽеľ̳˹ȥʦӹ̳ȲĿ⣬Ӵȥ
Ũľ˱ǵɲǣȲͻȻʹһ¡
֮ǰλʦһ㣬λʦҲʶĵͷȥȥʱɫʱ䡣
̧ͷʱҶеһϢĺ鱦ɽѾнľ
ʦǻ˵ЩʦǣǵǿȿɶһλʦҶɾ¶ڵĿˡ
׼һɱЩʦʱҶɴɽڵ鳹Ϣ
ɽķ񣬱˵ʦǴʦ޷֮£ҲñһԴ
ݷڣԵĻסֵ˽ӣ˭˭䱸
㡭λʦֻ³˰֣ӿĿҲ˵ԴҵɲǣͱҶսڡ
ڶ
һҶǰһ㣬ɢ˽磬ɢ΢ŵѪζɢһζ֮󣬷˵Ѷ
һΣҶķѶ˱仯ʦҷ䣬Ҫ̡
·һģͳһӳ˷ʦǿסִ˽顣
֮Уǰȫģûɣɻݣû˻ʵԡ
ȥɲǣһϸ̾ǵĻȲβֻҶонǵľ
һˮһ㣬ûһ˿ɬ
Ҷɵһλʦʱ䣬ӷѶʼɢǷǳ΢ѪζҲһٶϢʱ䣬̵ҲʮϢʱ䣬ƽ˾ʮϢʱɵһλʦ
¾Ҳû뵽սǿʦ׵ıһһĳ
⻹Ҷڶʮλʦʱˡ
λʦŵʱ򣬽һۣ¶֮ɫ
Ҷᵽɤ۵ʱλʦͻؿڵף֪£۴ʦأزǰǽôûҲûȥ
Ҷһ£ѸٷӦ˹
ܿѶʱǰλʦһ
۴ʦҵɸѡ֮ȥסˡҶ潫ƾͼƣ˳˵
ʦʱͽˣɻݴҶ֪ʱ˵ɸѡѵк£
ޣҪɸѡʲô£λʦʵ
£
ҶЦеλʦ£Ȼ󻺻£ԺϢ
Ҷ˵꣬Ժ֣ʦĺЩˣȥԺʸԺǿǡ
꣬ʹ΢Ĵʹ֮£ԴѾ롣
£ҶֻҪȥ˵ǸɵеʦݷڵĴʦҲȫɵ
Ҷɵ˵ʮλʦ֮󣬺Ժɧҡ
ף˭ʦʦֵֵˣһֱӰѶҲأҲûˣ˭ˣһλʦ
ûУûмţʺʦ
ףʦҲˡ
Ѱ˵Ŀʼ¼ʼٵ󣬺ܿģǷ֣ۡơλʦʧˣʱڣֲ˵ʦߴʮλ
ܿģ̬ԣͽݷµסּΩˡ
¶ʦĹϣֵʦ⣬ʦжֻҪԶŵʱ򣬸ס˵һͿԡ
żôλλʦҲ
ڣһжʮλʦʧЩһûʵ̫ˡ
˵ʵסּΩҲɹЩʦܱɱˡ
룬־Ĳ̫ܡ
ڳλʦʦ˵Щʦ춼ڷ¶档
ҪʮλʦϢɱǾ޿ܡ
ǵܣҲһ㡣
ѵĸ߲´
ҲĲܣ£´Ʋֵġ
̬ݷڵĴʦȻˡ
ƾʧʦȻߴʮ
ݷڣֻռʮĽʦȴռݷ°˳ɵս
ʮʦʧʹݷ¸ߴɽӽ߳ɵսֱʧˡ
ֲ̫̫Ҫˡ
סּΩҲ޷ܡ
һʱ䣬סּΩݷµľӣȫ֮࣬ݷȫ
˭֪Щʧʦȥ򣿡
֪ȥߣסͣ
֪ȥߣһʹʦʦܴʦʦʦĴסּΩȵ
ν֮±·ʱһλʦվ˳ס֣һʱ֮ǰʦ߽˳ɻʦķ䡣
סּΩɫһ䣬˳ɻĿ˼ײҪɻһ¡
ʱڵĿⶼҶ棡


1667 Ժ
ڵĿעӣҶ˵ҶûĴʦɻûκεĻҺͽš
мƳƳ죬ʦҸ󹺵ˣֻҷȡѡ
˵꣬Ҷ滹ݺݵĵһ۸ովٱҶʦŵĺʱӡ
Ҷ˵ǳɻĽͣǳĺ
Ϊݷµڣ֪ʦò衣
ͣסּΩҲĺǼΩȴһҲɲ
ݷµʮʦʧ̫Ѱˣ⡣
ѣ˵ȣͳ
סִˣһϢʮʦͻȻʧйءסּΩ´ʱҶûĳɻͻ˵
ΩĿһҶĳɻ˵
סִˣ⡭
Ҷ濴һ˷ôڣȻ¶һΪѵģסּΩľ飬Ȼô¡
˶Ӳ
סּΩʲôҶûĳɻŵסּΩ˼ײҪסּΩ
סּΩֹֿȥΪܵΪҶûĳɻһһסִˣͷͲɵõһҲˡ
кüǰݣɻ˽Զ޷õϵݣǰ˺󣬶ֻܽסִˡ
ԣΩһֱĿǷ˳ɻżǰһ£ҲǶڵһ壬ٴαɻסֵĹϵ
Ժв۵ļһ񷽲ŵλʦɻϳ¡
ɻ߽סּΩ΢΢һ࣬¶״
סִˣʦҷȡʱڸһ£ӵˡ
Ҷһ٣ؼסּΩϸҶҲڼʦ˵ӵԺ
һסּΩһԺ
סּΩỳκ˵ĻǾԲỳӻƭ뵽ӻɱ˻ûġ
ԣ仰ʱ򣬾ʶķ˼
˵򵥣֯Ӵĸ߲㣬Ҳζ
Ժ˲ϢסּΩһ㲻õ룬ͬʱҲȵ
ڣ
ͷĽɷشҶб
ҪǣҶ֣ʱǡλסּΩıࡣ
ɽɷɲǣͺסּΩı
Ω۾һ˲˸ԲҶеɽʼڼΩڷи
ǣΩķӦν죬ɷͻڵɲǣһΣĴƾ͵Ҷţ纣شڱ
һޱȵĵƣһڵɽ
ҶȴǹһЦ·ϵһĻһ㣬ٵĺˡ
Ҷ˿ˣסּΩڵĽ⣬ȴǸӵĳˡ
ˣɵˣ
ۼݷڣһɲȫɵˡ
⵽ǸĴ
סֵ˽ӣɱס֣
⵽ǳĳϷ
ԺסּΩħ壬ţɱ⣡Ҷı
ҶһԺĸ֣סּΩӦĽǼλʦһ¡
ԺǿɲǸǵġ
꣡
գסּΩûסڵɽȴӲǿڵɽı˷
ԭǱ룬Ӿгһնɱ
סּΩƴ£ֻܴӱ룬бгסּΩһնء
ɽסּΩĸʼظ˫ȵڵء
ǣ˵࣬סּΩϰ˿ڴ˵࣬ѪûһΡ
סּΩǿΪ˿ڿƵġ
ǳɻûʲôԺɱɱסּΩرһ
һɱֳڣסּΩҲƲסϰ˿ڴѪʼ硣
Ľɷôܵġ
Ȼƴȫס˴벿ڵĽŰʱһڣйԪ
סּΩ仰۽ݷڣĿꡣ
ΨһϧľǣסּΩ仰еˡ
ΪɱѾʼ
Ҷ˵ɲǣһѪӰ͵شҶ汳ݳǽصĿֲΪټƷѪӰϣͷսѪļӳ֡
һͽһڵʦɱ
ոմӼΩڵƳ飬ûгƵȥ׷նɱסּΩһɢǧ⣬Ǿ۽һٶλʦ
ͬһɲǣһڵϰٵ̵ͬʱҶָɳ
ڵһΣ˲Ϣͱһֻ峤ǧףžſԴĿֲޡ
ſԴͬʱһ̽ʮʦͱͷȥ
ҶҲڴ˿һ̤ɫȦɲǣһλɢǿϢʼԶŵĺ


1668 һĿģ
Ʒ鱦ƷףȴܷӳƷ鱦ɽΪȫĴʦȥʲô
ڽϵ裬һ˲ͽٶʦͳͳֽ˽֮С
ϧǣĹȷɢðٶӦĴʦӹһ١
ǣнʦɽһնɱ
ʦһɱ˲;ڳˣڷ˵סּΩ
һһޱȵĿ⿴Ҷ棬ôҲ벻ͨһĶõ˿ôԷӳ˾ֲĽ
һնɱʦ̶ֳȣֻеǿ߲õɣ
ͷ˲Ϣһ־壬ľ˲ϢͶҡˡ
סּΩڣҶĿ⣬Ҳüɵޱȣ
˵ģҶղ¶һ֣Ǿġ
ֻǣ˶벻ɽĳ̶ֳһĸ塣
ԼǡԪͽ裬ΨһҪõģҶΪѡ
ҶΪޣһնɱסּΩҲʲô¡
ɱҶħ˧̶̵ļϢ֮ڣѾնɱдĽڵʦȻ󣬱ʦеסˡ
Ҷ滽ѵһһɢϢǼǧʦʹ
һĿ꣬ȫǼǧʦʹסǣ
ȫǼǧʦʹѣסǣȴס
ټϾͷʦȺŰŸԴÿһαŰĳɴȵĻңռųɵʦʹһֱβЧս
ԼλʦҶ潫һװŰɫҺСңӽ
һҺʱըƺ̺ľҺҶǻɢµɲǣͻҶѾݽߵ鸮
ɽȡһԻһλľ޴ģֱӳҶ鸮
ԣҶԥĶޱȵľҺҶɵȾĴһʮƷʯĸ߼۾ĵһƿ
һƿξҺµߣһηðΣҲԴﵽ˲Ϣָһյ
Ҷ潫һƿξҺֳ˰˷ݣҶΪͻƵ֮ǰһݾҺͿԽҶһյ˲Ϣ
ҶʱһݣһݣߴʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯڴ߶ԣҪʮĹµңȴһɲǼͱҶ̽˸ڡ
Чȴޱȵľˡ
Ҷһյ˲Ϣ䲹һ̧һöɢſֲϢ꣬ͺҶ漲˹λصʦ
䣡
ĺУصʦ˻ûзһͱ˷ɻҡ
˵ǣصʦһصʦǱ걬Ļܳһ£һֱֱӻ˽̼˺׵Ŀ⡣
λʦҶɱλʦ״ֱɵˡ
ǿҶָһöɢſֲϢĻʱʱһɤӣ뼱תˡ
Ҷ׷ʦͬʱֵµĹȴûкλʦ
ͷ鱦׹޸֣¡¡Уһһа׾ͺ˽Ҷħ˧ɱ֧׾λʦ
ͻϮļϣͻϮٶȼаף̡֮
Χħ˧λʦͬһʱ䱻Ҷа׸С
ֲѪɫ͵ȦĿ˶Դͷա
ݷͷսѪ죬һѪɫһ㣬κһնɱߵӳӲսѪɡ
Ѫһħ˧׷ոձܿҶ˺һʦͬʱһʦܱǰһĻ˵
һתۣȻݷȥս
ҶȴΪû׷ȥֻǸһ˿ĪЦݡ
ۿʦҪսһݷµɲǡ
УһӰͷ·ƾճһ㣬ûзκġײֵĽʦ
飡
ȫעȫ׷ҶϣѹûעǰߵλʦԴһ㣬İ׵ҹбĿ
ǸӰͷ·ûгֹһ㣬ٴС
ǣһκһͼݷ£ͻĳ֡
ٵĳȥ˺ˣ
ӰǱˣСè
ҶһжޣΣȴһݷ֮⣬Է֮ߣΪ֤
ȨٶȼȴûκСèѵѡ
ע£ǽصߣҲҪСèϳԴ
ոտһƵݷסּΩһĻʹĲһ۾ǰһУһ֮С
żϢʱ䰡дľλʦͱ¾һգİٶλʦɽ׷£ҲԶˡ
ƺݷԵĲôˣһŵϮһ㡣
˲ϢͼԱ֮һսʧ롣
˲ҵս֣סּΩһսҪûκηʩò˶ãݷ¾Ҫɱĸɸɾ

ˣȫ
סּΩĺɲǣҶǣȴһ˿ЦݣȵģסּΩ仰
ҶͻϮݷ£ɲϴһĿģ


1669 ȫʬ
סּΩһʼ뷨һеĴ̿Ͷѣݷ°˳ɵʦʧˣסҲش
ƾݷеɿ¡
սʮϢסּΩ;ˡ
ΪǰΣȥҪǵľͲݷɱߣݷ»ʣ¼ˣ
սʮϢдľλʦͱ¾һգٶλʦǱޱȵĽնɱ˽˳ɣʣµǧʦǧʦȻɲڣɻޱȡ
һλڵĲ˵һ̫޾ͷֱײŪĻޱȡ
˵˰֯һǧˣ帲ʽܹ̫޾ͷ˺ֻǸɵһλкڵ
кڵǿһǧλͨߵĸǺʱҲ޶
סּΩŭֱǣ˾ȻӲ֯Чķ
ʵҲЩʦʹ֯ЧķʵΪԪ鰢һȫĹ᳹ҶĹ롣
뿿һ;ͷҪɵʦʹѹܡ
ԣҶ潻ָԪ鰢ĹǡɧɻΪɱΪ̡
һȫЩɱԵĹԴĹЩʦʹ֯ЧĹ
̫޾ͷִеҲ룬ƶҺͿ־Ϊ
Ϊӵͳ˧Ҷ̫һһλϵʦɼȺֲ̫ˡ
Щ;ͷãʱ䣬ֻҪϵҶħ˧ֻҶ֮УһڳͿ̵ʱڽһȺʦ
ϧǣ˵סּΩƺǿҶĿǰļƻ
Ҷ桢ħ˧ոڳֵɲǣסּΩ͸ı˷룬ԼݷڵͬʱҲݷ²дЩʦʦʹ
סּΩһָӣǰЩȺ׵ĸΪսʦʹǣ˲Ϣҵ˷
һѷĳķʮӴʱܵ˼ѹ
ҵǣħ˧ҶʱҲڳ֡
ħ˧ǽصΪЩΪͨںڵʦʱѹѹʽġ
ó˴СѹеƷħѪӰǧ׳ѪɫһɨٸԴ
ͬʱٸҽűյսѪɡ
Ҷ꣬ʱһһƬһȥ
걬ĵطԲڵʦʹͻ᳹ʧ
Ҷħ˧ļ룬ʦʹĹѾɱˣո
ֱոǵ
һĻסּΩĿѰЩˣȫݷµĻ
Լ̫⣬ˡ
ֻҪһҶħ˧ĹЩʦʹȡһᣬܹ֯Чļ巴ܹݾת
ϧʱԼƶǳѣڳ᲻á
Ѿǰ벽ˣۿò˶ãܹͻһˣǴʱ׵ķŬͳ׵˷ˡ
ţ
ԣʹסּΩɼţֻҪ˻Ǿоȣ
ɲǰ衣
סּΩԸοǣǸħߣҶոһոݷµʦʹǿʦʹи˳
ڴʦǣסּΩѾҿˡ
һԱгɼʮͲҽЩʦĽ֡
뱻ѾԶˡ
ʮˣ
ʮˣ
ʮˣ
ʮˣ
ϵ˴Ҷħ˧ѪɫӳĸոסּΩѡ
죬˵סּΩĿǰΨһܹġ
⡢⡢⡢ҽɫӰѪʮɫĻҹâݷڲޱȵĻҡ
ңǼʮλħ˧ҶʦܳӵĻҡ
˭Ҳûע⵽ʦģߣŻңҶתӰеʱ򣬴ҶӰзֻʦ顣
ô󲿷ԼơעսȫƵסּΩѹûע⵽ʦߡ
ʦʱ򣬻һϲɫ
ʦʱǧʦʹŵƨֻ޵ȵǣоȥʦôӳġ

죡㳷һλӳʦʱסּΩĺ
ҲڴʱסּΩһϣ
һոմҶħ˧ӳʮʦͱء
˶ٶʦɱⳡոʢ硣
ɽļ룬ոѾ˴ո
ǰҶĿ·ˮ֮£ͣʦӳ죬ļ룬ûһʦܹӳ졣
ոԵɱٶȼ졣
ȻҲôƵģӳ֮󣬵һʱݷܡ
ȴģСèצ
գɹӽʦǣʮˣʦܽסرһڽɫѪŭͻ
ŭУĪĲһ㱡ĳɫĻſڡ
һɲǣѪӰĵûüܽʦѪ罦컯ɵĹĻ
Ѫ⣬ȥķ̣
ǱĳɫĻɢϤѹϢҶһʱ֪컯⡣
סּΩطڹ
ҶһɳӳǷʱΣһޡ
Ҷ棬ȵľһ̣
ߣʲô
Һ䣬ҾͲˣ䲻⣡Ҷװһ֪ģŭ
ҲͬһɲǣסּΩĴ£ʮλٺʦǣһ۹۱ǡǹġвϵǿӡ
һ籡ţޱϵʳͻ
һ·̸һתһޱȵ֮һעһ֮У˫Ŀһޱȵĳɫ⡣
ԶԶһ񣬾ǻ˹һ㣬סּΩ£˫Ŀеĳɫ⣬ע뵽˱ħ˧ľ컯Ļϡ
ʮʦһһĳ̣˫ĿеԽԽʢ
ҲסּΩ飬ԽԽţĿԽԽȻ
˸ǣûԭġ
סּΩʦûзǵб仯ӡǲͬʦ
һɳӳǷ¼Ҷ棬Ҳ֪ıѾõ飬ϾҪˡ
Ҳһɲǣо컯ѾסּΩָҶŭ߳ɻأ
㽫ɻôˣ˵һȫʬ


1670 Ѫɷ
ɻأ
㽫ɻôˣ˵һȫʬ
㵽ʲôˣ
סּΩŭҶ漸⣬Ȼ׷ʼҶһǳ
סּΩʱģǸ˽ӳɻ䡣
Ϊһף޿ɺǡ
ҲǳɻʱһɱҶǿûϳֵԭ
Щʦϵӳ£ס֣Կطһֻ컯˲ܶõ컯
Ȼʱ컯ٵ˿Ʒϵѹټϵļӳ֣ɿ˵
һĵǿߣʱ컯Ĺ£ҲҪޡ
е鱬ħͨԹ߶Ժ䣬˭ʤ˭һĿȻ
ڣֻ֪ӳɻ䣡
Ҷ֪ܲסּΩʱ뷨ҪǻˣܻԼΩӳɻ롣
ҶʱסּΩ֡
ʦɻ
ǸѾ˺Ƭɢˣ˵仰ʱҶȫͳڣ磬ʱ׼Ƕȣ͵סּΩ
ϾҶôãȵģһ̣
ûʲôͬʱϴˢԼϵʵõĺˡ
ˣ
סּΩϢôһɲǵʧ񣬵һɲǣסּΩ۾ͱѪѪģ˷
ɱҶȥҶɣ
У˫ֵֽӡָһۣʹһɫ컯⡣
컯ɲǣסּΩһſһڽɫıԴѪӡƵ͵رǣͬʱ컯ⶸһ
ɣ
ӡһΣǵĵɫ컯Ҷ
ӵҶ棬ȫ߶ĽͨӦ컯ķʱ΢΢Ų˰ߣ΢磡
ò˵컯ٶֲ̫ˡ
Ҷ׼ľڵȴһ٣컯ɲǣҶͿʼ΢
Ҳǿƶһ£컯Ѿڡ
֮Ҷû飬ô컯ĺ£ɣ
Ĵָϸĵɫ컯⣬׼ȷޱȵĺҶظ֮䡣
һĻסּΩ¶֮ɫֻϣǰֲҪ̫ˣҪȫޡ
ܹӳ졣
ȻͿԾнǰһ֮꣬⣬Ժݺݵĥǰһ꣬ΪӳɻѪޣ
ĥķţǧ֣
Щдʦǣʱһ¶ٺĸо
컯⣬ҲǺɡ
䣡
컯ֻǺҶظе飬ûĺҶ汾ǿҶڵ͵һȻҶϺһ㽫
ҶڣǺȥ컯⣬ں䵽дĵطӡϵʱ򣬾ѩһ㣬һʼɿڡ
ڵĿռ䣬ʼɿ󣬾Ԫ鰢ͣҲʼΪطӡݵķڶ
ڵطӡڷɿţҶھ֮֮ܵ󣬻ֱӡ
һĻڴҶ겻ҪɢסּΩ˲Ϣͽ۾˸Բ
ⲻܣ
סּΩҡͷ
컯⣬ǱͷҪϸ컯⣬Ҳֵܹͨġ
ֻҪûһ£ĵǿߣһ㲻ҲҪܵش
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컯֮½Ǿ仰ɲǰ˵ġ
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ǣǾԲܣ
Ҷ涯õֶΣתϢûһ˿һ컯Ĳ
ǣΣƫƫͻĳǰ
ͻȻ䣬סּΩ˴ǰһ飬Ժ͵һ⣡
㣿
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ɳӳǷ±飬֮ϸ£ֱ
󲿷ϸڵĵ飬ˣֻһݵ飬ڲֻĴﵽסĸ߲֪
סּΩʸ֪ѡ֮һ
鷢֣ɳӳסǰطڵ컯йС
ԭ컯һԿԸɵˡ
ϸµƶϹǷ֣ȱ컯֣û
ֲ̫ˣ
Ҳ̺ͽܵġ
ҲһǿӲһҪҶԭ
벻ͨҶһͨصļһôܹ컯أ
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ǾģҶܣ˵ſ컯ܣֻҶһ컯ı
ͨ£ҶͨصΪ߶£ܹ컯ı鱦κζ
鱦ǿ컯˼˶Ҫۺ⡣
ȻҲһۡ
ǣһ㣬̬ȲޱȵļһҪʰҶŰ֣һҪġ
ʱǰҶ컯֮ºˣסּΩʱɳӳǷһ¡
벻֪һһ
Ա֮£̫ˡ
ͷ棬аף콣⣬һӾͶֻһֻˡ
ǰдһХסּΩģǰɳӳǱһûйϵԽԴŪߡ
һˣסּΩʱŭ
죬ϵμ޷£ϵԺһ֣סּΩʹӴռ˦СͨѶŲ󣬳ǰʦ
ǶʯϵԺ
죬ҪϢͳȥ
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һ˳ȥסּΩķ֣ǰ֣ˡĹؼ
ݷ⵽ش߲Իᴦ
֣˵Ǵãпܸһ
ɱ
ȫһҪ̵ʱڹͬһɲǣҶҲŭһ˹ǽģ
⡢⡢⡢ɫʸһĺ˻ס컯Ļ
ҶżסּΩһ˿⡣
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㱳컯ˣ£ˣ
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ʲô
ͻȻ䣬סּΩһʦıȡ
ȴһλʦԱߵһλʦͻȻֹͣ˽ӡüһ䡣
ʵ֮ǰɻ
ߵλδʦȻҲ̳Ҳѧһӳ֣ȴӦκε֮
֮ǰ̫ţһֱûʱߵλİʦȻֹͣ˼ӳ֣ųʡ
ǣλİʦûлش
סּΩӦͷʱ򣬾Ϳλİʦǹһ˿Цݣָ͵һ
䣡
ȺѪɫʹڱǳһɨһʦ
סּΩ컯ԴЩͨ񾳵ʦǣѪɫǰһֽһ㱻˺Ƭ
һͬٵģǼСͨѶŲ
סּΩΣ޷֮£ҲⲨѪɫײ˷
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סּΩܹл쵽һסֵĵλҲŷǷǵġ
ǰһ룬һĨɫʱ͸գ
Ū
֣ͷβƺڱǰ˳׵׵ŪŪ
ǰɳӳǷǸϵʱΪ࣬ǰַ
ʵǣֻһԸ
ҶװģķҲֻΪעǸαװʦ÷͵Ϯ
Ѫɷף
Ƿαװʦ󱬵ѪƣѪףħеĶѪɷ֮ͨħطѪס
֮Ҫʱ׵ĺɱͨߣԶشвǿߡ
ħ壬ھƷλ͸ܵһ㣬Ϊϸ񣬲˭õܹõġ
ħˣϳѪ׵סּΩһ
Ҷ沢ûлش
شסּΩģѪɫĵ⡣
ΪסּΩɣܹסּΩӳʦǣҶαװʦȥӰѪɷ׸ɵ
һֹס컯Ļͱ˷顣
黹Ҷħ˧ͻڲһնɱΪѪɷ׶ƸסּΩ
סּΩԪ飬ոնݳɲǣͱսѪˡ
ԭסּΩԪܣѻʳһЩܣѵѡ
ǹĪֶΣҶ滹ûסּԪ飬ñ׷֪
סּΩѱնɱݷڲѾ㲻ڡ
ǣŸոտʼ
Ҷ£ħ˧սѪ죬ݷѲ顣
κβл֤ݵĲл£
ͬʱҶ潫һջڣйʼЩϢ
飬һ㣬ʼݷڲĸ䴩նɱܵҴߡ
ҶҲһɲɢȥ


1671 ؿռ
ڶѰݷµĵ²ر⣬ҶѾǼ졣
̵ʱڣ·ҵݷµĲر⣬ͬŶѻɽĸʡ
ڶμ˺ĲƻҶѾûеһɳӳǷµ˷ܣٶȽݷ±ڵıһɨա
ݷλøӷܱ˿ڸԭݷµصײرڵıɳӳǷµصײرڵĲƻҪѡ
ò˵£һ¸ĺ;
õջ񣬱ҶⱲ֮ǰõвƸҪĶࡣ
ΨһϧǣµĲرڣϺܳԴʯ鵤ֵҩȵȣصĵرûеġ
Ҷɨݷµصײرʱħ˧Ѿݷɨ˸ࡣ
ݷڣѾһڣҲûκһӳȥ
лӳȥҶҲ¡
һжҶȡһݷµĽѵһֱû¶Ŀ
ңߵħ˧֣ħ˧ɢħҹɫг𣬷Ŀ
Ҷ濪ʼѡĴʬ壬ЩɱʦʹǣʬһɱҶٻ٣
˴ʱСèͻȻͷ˾Ѷڸٽӽݷ¡
ˣǽⳡϷˣ
һҶֽ̳Щʦʬľͷջ˻һΣҶߣͳӰ
̫ħģҶ鸮ڵͺȵ
ħ壬Ҫݺ𣿡Ԫ鰢˷ܵ
ħ廹õݺ𣿡ҶûİһԪ鰢󣬵һɲǣҶ۾شס
⻪һãԪ鰢ȻֱӴҶڴܳ⻪һãͱһħģ
Сܹûˣܹ뿪ҶˣҶһĳԾ
̸ϣĵؿռӡݽҵҲһ㡣
ܹûˣ̸ܹ뿪ߣܷԲʮ֮ڣжˡԪ鰢˵
ؿռӡݽʲô˵Ҷһڴ
ΪԪ鰢˵ؿռӡ֮֮õĵһ죡
һҶٴǰ£һΪ˽ϴԼϵɣһ棬ҶҲŽĵؿռӡݡ
ϴɳӳǷ£Ҷһμʶסͷ컯Ŀֲ
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ҶԼĿǰҪؿռӡݣǰʱ䶼
ס컯⣬ȴֻҪΡ
ݷ£Ҷƻеڶ컯ֵĵط
ҪȻûҶĿˮѹʮλʦӽڡ
ܴİΧӳҲӲڡ
ҶˮЩʦӽڣΪסּΩܹɹ컯⡣
񣬽ؿռӡݵѾɹܲܽϴҶϵɣҪҶ֡
ҶڴУԪ鰢󻵻ҡҡͷҲ֪Ҫүȥᣬ֪ʲô
Ƥ˰ɣҶһ
ϧǣʱʱȣȴûʰԪ鰢ʱ䡣
ҡһȫ̫ûħеħţħл󣬿죡Ҷͺȵ
̫Ԫ鰢ָɳ΢΢һҶӰͱӴ뺷ħţħˣ̫αװ£ǹħҲûΩΩФ˿һ˿

ͺһҶ桢Ԫ鰢Ӱûħ壬ʹݷڿն𣬴ŹħԶȥ
۵ˣȴҶħ˧ǹѪͷ·Ѫɫһ㣬ҹл
ոմݳǸλݷµĴʦԶȥѪ⣬شһս
ħ壡
һλոմݷ¸ϹĽʦŴݷԶȥļħϢһ
һ׷ȥ
׷ȥʱ˳ĵͷһݷµ
ħǾԲħǵķڵġ
һۣȴĲе
ݷ£ʱ͸˼࣡
һ飬ǼħϢʹԶȥ
λʦĿǿ˸ţħħţħǸɢŹѪĻħߣ۲
۵һһλʦλʦ̤ݷµʱΪǿ󣬵£ȴƲסĲ
˼
˿סּΩʬʱ򣬾λʦҲýһܵ˹ȥͼ
ס֣ס֣
λڵļУ½½мλʦλʦ˶ݷڵĲŻˡ
Щأ
ݷڵڣǱҶɱɾ
ʵ˵¶ڵԼǺϸ෴ģӦ˵Ǻܿɡ
ʦʹʦ
ֻҪ㵱ֵʱ䣬ֻҪǳʱ뿪סֱڷ´֪±һͿ뿪
ݷԴȻḻΪһξ룬ƫƧһ㡣
ҪҵȥܣǵȥΪݳڡ
ԣЩڲֵʦߴʦϲܵĴʦʦͻȥݳǷ֮һٻ
ҲɻݳŮңǹȥȡ֡
ϹļλʦʹʦΡ
ݷϿǳѪħ𺳵һʼݳǵ
ħϢĳ֣ϢǷǳ˵ġ
̵ʱھʹݳǣ⼸λʦʦ֪󣬾ٶȵĸ˹
ΪߵˣݳǵפҲ˵ǲӹǲӵٶȾͱȽˣںߡ
ЩʦʦҲǼģݵĻҹʱ뷨
ݷ±ħ𣬱֪֪ͨһλʦ
ǣ˭ֱܹϵǵСͨѶŲ󣿡һλʦʵ
סڲСͨѶŲҲȫ٣޷ֱϵԺǣǣǿϵμݷ£μݷµס֣ʱڽϱһλʦ˵
ԣǾͿ죡
УҪȥμݳǣμݵϹŲħܹϢĵִףϡ
ȷݣȻμܱߣѲ˾иפ֣ѲһпԱ
û⣬μǻӰ첻ϵμݷס֣Ȼμݷסٳ棬ܹرμݵϹŲ󣬷μܱߡ
ȻˣϵμݷǱߵˣϵμݷµס֣ʱڣݷµһ˵Ҵߣ˶Բߡ
ҲǸոԲߵʱҶѾݷ¸ĵصװӴ߼ǸŲ̡
һ⻪Ҷζشӵصװʧ
Ҷγ֮νݳǧص׵ʱҶݷµص׵ǵӰȻһѪɷס
ҶµӰոŲ֮ϰٿƬŲкѪɷ׵ĳ£׵Ļ˷ĩ
ͬһʱ̣Ҷ潫μݳĵص׿ռŲ̷ճ֮󣬵͵һ٣ĵصף͵ؾҵ
Ҷûڿĵص׿ռ̮һɲǣҶѾݵ˵档
ǧľ룬Ҷ治ļǰ£ҲϢʱ䡣
ݷµǼλҴ߻ϵμݷµͬʱҶѾȻμݳǡ
ݷµҴʦʦǾɥǣĿǰΪֹӶȥˣǻûϵνݷµ
ҪСŲϵμݷǹϵĺõʦߴʦ
Щʦԣǵ˽˵СͨѶŲ󣬲ǷڵСͨѶŲһ쵽ר˿ء
ҶСŲͨѶŲ󣬹쿴һûжõʱŻӴռȡ
ϵϡ
ʱ
ʱ֮ԱǵܹϵμݷµĺѣϵһλνݷµĴʦ
Ϣ֪λνݷµĴʦʱλʦһӦȻǻµ١
ǲλڸЦأ
ݷ±ôܣ
һ̵ݷڲӰŲƹȥ˲Ϣͽλʦɵˡ
λνݷµĴʦνݷµסʱѾ·֮Ĵʱˡ
̵Ľ֮νݷµס̵֣ʱɳ˳ٵʹҪμرμݵϹŲ
ϧǣҲͬһӪķסֻƾһֽμֱΡ
ڴܣԴ󲿷ֹԱ˵£ǽȷ
⽫Ժͨµμݷסıס
ΣμݷסֻԸμٳɴ¡
Ҷ棬ݷǼλҴʦʦϵνݷס֮ǰҶѾͨμݵϹŲ󣬵ִ֮߰һݳǡ
Ϊʲôٶôԭܼ򵥣
һǧƷʯĴ¸κһϹŲҶǰʹϹŲ
Ȼ˳뿪μݣǣҶ˼ٱ֮ã߲֪ݷ±һ£Ÿոտʼ


1672 ħĿϲ
Ժڣھ޵µ糵ľҾ綸ص˴ƬĹ⻪ǾѶʱͽ糸ˡ
ţٶн
ðüͷһ壬ȻΪѴµæҲҪ޲
޲ꡣܹͻƵؾ֮һ
ҲԭֻҪִ£ҹ
ô£糲ûֻһ
صոյνݷ¼Ѷ
Ѷ£Ͳܵ׵˵꣬糾ͱԼĲ
İ糵ŵӼѵһĭǾѶ
Ѷ
ĸ֣ð糵͵һ·ʲô˼һ㣬һɲǣӰһҵĴž͵ضѾվſڵŵǰ
ųŵеļӳط˸žŸѪɫβ򣬰ٽ䡣
оԶһͨѶʽ
ͨѶݰԺҪԣϱһ𵽾𲻵ȡ
ͨѶĶѶһ굽ͷһѶͲˣ˵ѶǰѶ궼ܹһΡ
е㱳ĸǰͽӵһξѶһΣɳӳǷ±
죬ֽӵһݾѶǷʲôˣ
Īģͷһһɲǣ糵ƿϵط뵽öѶ֮С
һɲǣ糵˫üصɫ࣬һĵϢ͵زƵĲ
ǰŵ
ҲǾģһǿѹͷ𾪣ȥִҵķԺӣۺˣڰϢ֮ڵ
ϣһ糾ӳѶըԵϢ
ոʧɲǣһ׹ϢӾը׹У׵֣ܳղŵķѶñѰİɣôܣ
Լ־ͽոյľѶ˹ȥ
һɫھƾţľľ֮֡
ղ˵ģǡ
ӹľѶľ֮ͣ͵һ
ݷȫ±Ϲȥ˷׵ħո뿪һħߵϢҫۡ
ݷܱߵ£ɳһٸ֣ʰΧȦһݷ¸ƽ
֡ľ֣ˣϵħսָܹӵǼλԪ˧Ը壬սأǿѲߺ͹ؿơ
ͬʱɳӣݷ·
֣ѲϴǧǱϵرܱߵķǧڵϹŲ
ͬʱҪκһ쳣˿켣˵
ϵܵ˵ͷ
ľ֣ݷ±һ·ŽһʱҶ˲ڸϹȥ˵нػֵĿܡ糿ľ
˼ǣľЩɻ
һʱ֮ڣӦÿԸϵνϹŲ֮ͨڣӦÿԴμϹŲִݷ°ɣ˵
һĸɡľ򲹳һ䡣
ûʲô𣬷Ժĸ֣Ӧܹ֮һɣ˵
£ľɫһ䣬ܣһˣܹһĸڿԽİľ롣
ԣȴֱ̤˷ţɣһΣӦÿ׷ߣ
֮˵Ҫһɳӳ¼֪Ϣ̫ͺˡ
ɳӳǷ±˸ɾ˵ΪɳӳʱսңѹûעɳӷڲĴս
󣬻ͨΪ̵棬֪ɳӳǷ³ˡ
ǸϵѾԺˡ
ʱ䣬Ѿ֮ززˡ
ҲΪǼ£޼ѲʵϣѲµѲ˾°󣬾ѲѲ˾ɳӳǷ±£ȴһֱû֪
һݷ±һߵʦʦ쳣ڵһʱϵǡ
ʱʱλٴһٷԺԳ֣ģܱϣҵֵĸʺܸߡ
ڰľ򼯺ϺֳʱɫЩѿ׵˹
ոϴǧϵȨޣֻܹرݷԲǧϹŲ󣬶ңҪصҲҪһԺ󡣡
ҪرݷԲǧһϹŲĻͱҪʵּҲõϡ˵
ʵܴӦŹ֣
糲һȻˣǾϴǧȹرշԲǧڵϹŲȻ֣Щ޷رյϹŲԱ̲Ա
˵꣬ľһȺˣʹһƱֺƺƵӷسš
ľһִس·ݷµʱҶѾշתŲϹŲˣŲƻԭϹŲ󣬻ҪŲΡ
ص·ϣҶ沢ûдԭŲ·߷أҶ浣ݱȽϽϹŲ󱻹رգƵıȽԶ
ңÿŲһϹŲҶ涼ỻһݺòȻٲѵʯ
ûдѵʯҶҲŶһʱ޷ٵķء
ȴҶеҪõĶ࣬ĿǰΪֹҶμϹŲϵһӰûзμϹŲ󱻹رյΡ
ŴμݷڰΧμϹŲʱҶϵԼӰɢ
ҶڲŲԭϹŲʱһ⡣
ƺԭϹŲ˵⣬ԭϹŲŲƣƺͣˡ
ǧƷʯ֮Ҷ̽һϢԭϹŲͣһӡ
ǣȴԭϹŲŲƵĸϹŲһ飬پһʱ
Ҷ̵ʱڣأܹӦԿܵ̽
£Ҷֻܵȡ
Ҷģûеֳִ֮ǰˣὫ»ɵϡ
ҪȴһʱҶ˴صĵطȡܾûжùСͨѶŲ
ȻܾûжùСͨѶŲ󣬸һ
ݿɿ鱨ݷ£ƺһЩ˼飬ħţħһйأ
£ħţħһĸָˣǿԿǴ鱨һô
Ӧòɵ˵ǴõϢɣ
й¶ȥ֪ģȻ٣
ħǰһȻԴû⣬ʱԴǻȱԣҶ潻ĺ
Զ֮ħؽ磬ţħ¡ŭоְħֵħ⣬ͬʱյһӳطӡļѶ
꼱ѶɲǣȻڲͬĵؽ磬һϵ飬ȴһģһ
ϲ
۵Ŀϲ


1673 ţħħĺ
ںĴ½޾ɷĵλνޱҪħȣܶԾӣеѷˡ
ħ壬Ƶ˼ߵĸ߶ȡ
˵ħڲһйأλְءʵȨƸһйء
¶ϵģħڲĻȨȨżļӳɡ
ַÿħ嶼ޱȵĺս
ħڲǴƶȣǺʹ޷ȵܹǶԾƣ޷һȷ
ԣħľΪ֣һսⲿ־׼ȷļءְʵȨλɴ˶仯
һɱйѫڸӢˣһҲǸڸŪԼ׳һЩµĹְ
ǣһ¼ȫһˡ
һǧʮǰħеһܺӣȻǱħսһڱڡ
ҲǴܵľиˣΪλħս󷽵ĺڱݣûħҴҲûħܴȥ
ħǼܺӣƫǱ˽ȥ
ͬΪ£ħսҪǿħĻӵܣЩ츳ͨĻӵܣԽһ󾳽նɱֶпܵġ
ԣǼħܺӣȴǸڱݵؾɱһա
ܴߵľʣȻһѻʣµ㹻˳µľʸˡ
ڴܵԮ֮ǰǰ뿪
Ԯ֮󣬱ڱݵθŻˣΪħ󲿶֣ȫһ֮࣬ľӱǸڱݸΧ׷Ľء
ԭѾ뿪ħǼܺӣӣǿܾӱԭפأԭפصķʱ½˺üȼ
⼸ܺһϼƣɱЩ񱻵ߵĴפӪأɱһżѻˡ
ħսӪشң졣
ֱȫԱĴܾӲŷǼܺӵټµĸܺɱһɹӳ졣
ⷽ棬ǳħ͵Ӫ¼
ħǱߣӳǸħܺӣͳӢۣȥ֮ʱͳħĳϣȻĩλ
ħӪ£ʮ꣬ǸܺӾͼħ񹬣Ϊħ񹬴ִ֮һͬ³ħʮλо󶼶֮һ
νħӢ񻰡
ܺӣҶʶħĸס
ħ֮нƳɹгɾ͵һУ֮⣬ǧ¼ʤ
ܹؽ¼ܹŻȥģһħӢۡ
ЩûɹؽģҲܹһİ١
ϣÿһħ壬ƺ˯ΣƵ롣
ɹģȴࡣ
ԣţħ¡ŭħʦ⿴ܹ˷ֵļѶ֮Ժ˲ϢͲһ롣
λɲǱˣһܹӪһصһħֵĴħʦЩԶʶǻ֮
Ԥϵ鱨ܻĺôǣôɲôռġ
ȻִһȴԼͬоҶ淢Ѷݡ
ÿһ۱̺塣
ϧǣҶѶûʲô̫ĺ⡣
֮ûлԼҪϢţħ¡ŭС𾴵Ҷ淢һ
Ҷ棬λݷµţħħǿߣϸΣܻܲ
ģǾ󰸵λѾԶʧˣ棬ֻ֪ţħħһλħģһŲ֪ҶĻشܼࡣ
ħѯҲˣţħ¡ŭӵֱӸӵѪȡ
ȻҶǴµţħħħ١
ҪɱڣɵȻԼð
֮£⣬ӵĺ
ҶĻظţħ¡ŭĻظһģһ
ͳ֮ҶرСͨѶŲ
øģҶѾˣͿԺܹʲô̶ȣ˭㹻ãҶʹصһ¡
ħڲ߲һŶӣҶģ飬Ժǻ˼
ҲҶλһɡ
ҶǸ˿飬Ҷȴû뵽£һʼͱҪĶࡣ
һλţħǿߣһλħǿߣһλħߣһ¡
Ҫͱȥǽ顣
ԳԽһǧٶǰħ͵Ӫ¼
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ţħ¡ŭħ⣬뵽ǿ̵ĺô
ôɾ͵÷ѵԽˡ
ţħ¡ŭ£Լ̵ôʱħ⣬ȴ뵽һֿܡ
֪ţħ¡ŭĴڵģ֪¡ŭһͬǵū͡
񣬸ǵ֪ͨУᵽţħħħ˸ɵ⾪¡
񣬸һΪħôţħ¡ŭ᲻յأ
ģֿԺܴ
ϸţħ¡ŭҲҪͬʱǿɾʹˣŪþͻٳ
ħʦţħ¡ŭ֮ǰȸɵţħ¡ŭȻԭϻ˶͡
ڲа
ϽҲ֪ͨţħ¡ŭôҪǸɵ¡ħͻᴥŭҶ棬
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֮йĶǵţħ¡ŭ֪ܲô£ʱ˼Ͼͻ֡
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֣ȷҶȷʵҲ֪ͨţħ¡ŭ⣬ͬΪҶū££Ͳֻ̣ܶѡ
¹شҪܻϣ̴£
ãһ£ţħ¡ŭӦĺʹ졣
ħڲǿȺħ֮䣬Σ¡ŭ֮䲻ͬ
ΪҶͬ˵ԭ֮ŷǳصλ
ϾҶ뿪ʱǽǣҪ֣һ˻๥ʱͻǻɢ
ǺĵһͽˣʣµģͿȡˡ
ǵãڿʼҪ٣κ˷㣬ֱǻ֮ǰħʦֲһ䡣
ýڻڼħȫɵ⼸ҪйôøϽһĽ͡ţħ಻ʾһ䡣
һ֮ţħ¡ŭۡڵһŮħūʧ֮ţħ¡ŭϢ뿪ء
ͬһʱ̣ħʦ⣬Ҳͬ顣
Ҳڴ˿̣˽һʱĵȴ֮ҶͨϹŲִԭ
ԶԭϹŲĵһʱ䣬ҶͶصףݼϹȥ
ͬһʱ̣ոյִμϹŲľľ򣬴һӣʱʹŰһʦʦƾʧ
ʣµ½Ҿݷ£


1674 ϱ
ݷϿգһɫشǰǧϷը̹֮ľľµ糡ʮλʦʮλʦΣƾճ֡
ͨµҴǼλʦʦλ٣ʱ͹һء
µ¹϶ԣǼûйģ״̬¡
ݷ±סֱɱǼȴȻ˵
һ֧Ԫ˧Ӫ̤ƽôʿ䣬дġ
ʱǰ系ľ򣬶ûʱȥƽЩʱ䡣
·ڣж೤ʱˡһʣһߴ󲽵̤ݷ¡
صǸϵǼ׵ħ룬ոʱһҴʦĴ
ʲôΪûе֮ϵĴڣʵ
׷һΣǼħ֮УûеĴڡ
ʱûеĴڣôǲϳҲӳеռֶͨΣģ
˵꣬ľ˹֣ľ֣鷳ˣǷֳɶʮ飬ÿһʦʦֳݷΪģֱ͵֮ʮ֮⣬ƽ
صǣǼħߵķ򡣡ָָ
ľľû˵ֻǵ˵ͷԸЩʦʦѸ˷顣
̹˸УľʮٴʧĹľٴγݷ¡
糣ȴϸϸĲ쿴ݷڵΡ
ҲǸոչ˰Ϣʱ䣬ľͽոմԺһ֣ȫ͵ݷܱߣʼѲж
ľ֣ǵֻǲԲ֮ڣʦʦǿ󣬵һȥҲûʲô
ҪһǧʦϵǿߣչЧ
Ȱ˵ľͨĺܴ󣬷ʩչѾĹȡһ֮ڣŵͨ໹ʩչΣ
ΣҲأľ֣ȥμϹŲ١
系û˵꣬ͱľǿɱ˵Ŀ˵ˡ
ʲôЦĸ⣬ؼʱ̣ˣȻľ˵ģҲľֲɵ
һΣٴ˹ϷǷһΣ糿Ц
ԣľ򻺻ĵ˵ͷ̹ſٴƾʧʮϢ̹ٴſݷǰֶһ֡
һ֮һɢ˷µ糵飬ʱȴޱȡ
ľ֣߿ָһʬ
㿴⼸ʬĺۼ
ʬ壬ȴаס
ûĻӦ̫޾ͷҺЩ֫Ҳǳϱ̫޾ͷɱģɳӳǷЩʬ˿ڣǺεȵ񡣡
У㿴پߴʦʬ壬ȫǱиЩȫǽˣ˵ţ糱۾ޱȵɢ
ҸӦ˺鱦Ĳɳӳǵĺ鱦񣬺񣡡µ糷·߽һ˵
һٵľҲõȻޱȣĵ˵ͷȷʵ˼ǣ
ɳӳǷµʬϣ˼ħϢǣҲֵ۷Ҳ˵˵
Ѿƶϣ
Ҹ߶ȻҶ棡˵
ⲻܰɣľҡҡͷǸҶ棬һֱǵļ֮£˻أѹжֵĻᣡ
ǿɾ˵ˡϾôָǸҶ棬󣡡
˵꣬糵óһֻݣӿȥʱʱϵ˼ҶĴʦػԡ
Ŀǰ磬ܹӾһͨϢֶΣֻ֡
һ־ӦñȽϹ㷺СͨѶŲ󣬵СͨѶŲȴ޷ı׶ˣǾʱЧԡ
רţϢ޷ʵʱͨ
ܹʱЧԵģֻˮĸݣħ峤ħĶ䡣ǰߣħ峤ħĶӵϡ
ˮĸݣܹõһЩġ
Щؼ¼ϣͻĸϵ
ҶЩûʲô쳣ʵ
һ֧ĸݵػԴʦĻشʱʹ˹صûκ쳣һֱǱޣܰ
Ǳޣüͷ
һ֮¾սҲҪȷӵҶ棬ǻ˵
ػԴʦˣҶһֱļ֮£ôǻ
ⲻܰ¡
òɿܵȵ

֮ڣػԴʦҶǱ޵ľߣпࡣ
˵Ѳ˾Ҷǲ£ûǸܡ
ڲϧսػԴʦµ糵ľģǣػԱ
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Ϣ֮һ޵Ĳشӵص׶ݳݳɲǣҶ档
Ϣͱһ㡣
¼ǼǣѲ˾ѲԣͬʱŭǵΪȴֻǿô̵ʱڣѹֹ
ҲһɲǣļµղһâնһҶ󱳵Ǹֱۡ
ֱۣҲһɲ͵رǣݺݵҶĺģȻâͷ·һ㣬նֱۡ
ǸӰԼĶϱ۶񣬾¶˵صʧ
ͬһɲǣһеҶ棬ֱӱķɣиǿһѪ
ҶѪأѲ˾ѲԣһֱѲտػԴʦͬʱҶľڡ
˲ϢͽҶǸˮйͨ
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ɫЩ԰׵Ҷ棬˲һۿڽǵѪΪܸߣǵĴڣĸţһƱûĳȫ
ҪȻҶ͵شһս
տĿһšɭĿⶢػԴʦǲһλǿڵصôô̿Ǳˣ
ѲѲ˾ڵصҲûٲְɣôҲû֣λʦѾ׷ȥˡ
Ҷ˵ˣûҳ֣£ҲǴ̶ѡ
ػԴʦҵǣȻð£ѾóǰҶ棬
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ػԴʦԼԼ˸˵ɣ׼ϱء
ҲһɲǣҶ滳жشܳһ׹⣬һھ͵סǸϱۡ
Ȼľ׽Ǳһ


1675 Сèͻ
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جuͻأĳϮҶ棬ȻºųһαװͼԻҶ档
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Ǵǰ糴һƱ뿪أǿķȨȣŻؿŽʸ
ҲȵŴ˾ԤԪ˧֪֮ͨ󣬲Ż׼С
ˣҪҹأǰ˴ҲǲС
ؾǵصǺƴػ󷨣еϣ֤ǵǿߣֻܴӳų롣
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⻰ȴҶЩ֣ҵڣνڣôõ
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1677 ֪ħʦ
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ǰ붯һΣҪʮϰǧָܻģǵľΪһҶ棬붯񣿡
糵Цҹһ䣬ľЩӲǣľľͨô죿
ɨһľͬΪʥط֧֮һ֪ܲľ뷨
˵죬ȵľһ䡣
ϾûĬľľ֧֣ƾһ޷Կܵġ
Ҷ֮˽ľáµ֮ȫ̼ලҶɢһССĽףĿǻȡ֧졣
ûٿǣľľ͵ͷɽ
һɲǣľһЦĴɫըľӰͬʱʧ
һʱ֮󣬰ľѾ½سţִλضǵԺ
û糾յѶҪģȻԭѲϴǧŵġ
ħħʦͨħ񹬸ֵҪ𹦣延졣
ȴ£Ȼħ帹Ϊħսͳ˧ԭԼӽħشħ鱨̽ѲϴǧţѾõ鱨
鱨¹ǶԸҶ桢ʼ¡ŶӵĴƣԣһʱѯ˰Ӧ֮ߡ
ϴѲƻ䣬ԭƻִУȺȺ糯ܰγжд̡
£ݷ֮ݷ£ɳӳǷһ޹ء糯°ԭƻִУϣ׾ɱӣ
ǰ˴μƻҪ˸Ļš
ȻǴϵķ룬ݷµ飬ֻСӰ졣
ʼ¡ǱߣɲǳԸɷġ
ź糯ضԴµطѣӦԣǴʱҪҳӦ֮
飬ɵǰϸöԲߣƤһܹɵģɵúķǲʱ䡣
Լصĵص㣬ϸźá
ҲڰԭѲϴǧܻ֮ʱػʹڣʥʼ¡һָһࡣ
ڼܹ㳯ڲ࣬˾Ԥһѿ
䣬ѵΪֹϴǧŻδħ֪ħʦһ£ر𣿡
ر£ûеõѲκйⷽ鱨˾Ԥޱȵѿ
ʼ¡㳯飬ؼõϢѾˣ
ر£Ƿһ֮ǰΪǹϢūƹܵؼ·һʱ֮󣬾͵õϢ
Լǰ˸ʱ֮ǰء
ԣʼ¡ȴЦܺãεҪ޵ѲһҪħ鱨ͺã
ͬһʱ䣬ԺڣڰľľͻȻյһΪİķѶ
һۣľüͷһ壬Ҷ棿Ҫң̸
ŷѶľ򻺻ҡҡͷʱҶһţǣʣҲ֪ҶʱҪΪ¡
ǴľͨΪƾľҶıһ·
ǣˣºֻ붯һ֣ԱѻٷְٳɹԻľͨ
ʱҲֻƶС
ǵ棬ǸҶһѶæϾ
ϣͬʱҶָһѶ
һۣѶеһӰͷ亹ֱð


1679 ƣ
ľҶĳ˵ǰͷһ̲Ѳ˾ֶָ֤Ҷĳ֤ͻ
ҶĳǵóĽΣĵҪҶĳԩҶĳһ·Ļ
ô죬ҶĳͻὫö¼µӰϽºͬʱҶĳԼ֣ҲὫöеӰΪɢ
ڣҶֱ˵ĶԼϹľľ˵һȻˣƣ
ĸ֣Ҷһһ˵ģв֮⡣
øոոϵӰľɫޱȵѿһ˿ɱ͵شľը֣вϷ򣿡
в
֪
ҶǸһ˿ЦľҲΪҶĳֶΣΪ˱ҶĳҲԸóǣ޴⡣
ΪɱҶĳͽһ˰ˣ׵ľ˺󻼣ǾҶ̫򵥵ˡ
֮ǰҶĳԤϣҲ׼ҶĳȻ˽Ƶ͵˾Ԥ
ãһ֮ڣгݵӰڴһݵݳ֮СҶЦ
ľĿһҡҡͷûǸ
㲻ԣҶ֮ܣնɱҶĳ׾֮¡
Ҷһľʱᡣ
Ӱ¹δӰ޴һ䵽ʹӰӰ˲ﵽһ޷ݵĳ̶ȡ
һ㣬˵ľĲ𣬾ʥصκһλɽ߷Ĳ
ҲҶģ
Ĭ֮ľ˵ô
Ҷ˳Ƴһ򣬡ҵȫ֮С
һۣľͼİƻҶǰ
˵ǵһڶҲ޿ܣ㿪ľˮϵԲ䱾Դһ
ˣҷˣ
һûСУҲвУѹûʸãҲף
ңԴӰ˳ƷŹ㣬Ѿˡľŭ
Ҷȴǲںʼ磬ʲôǼȻˣ̸ˣɱңߣҵֻὫӰֱ͵˾Ԥ
㡭
ľľᣬ鶸ת䣬Ҷ棬̶ܴѾ֮ҡ
Ȱ㣬ǰݵ㣬ܻĳá
ǣƾսöӰܱ֤ʥӴ˲Ҷ鷳ҶЦ
һ㣬ϷԱ֤
һţ֮ǰľƪľͨԼľԼڲҶ鷳
ڣȴ·仰ɵȱҲŻţҶָԸԴ仰¾ľԸҲŰɣ
ľĬȻ
ǣвͲº󱨸廹˵壬ɲǺǵġľ˵
ԣҲҪҪôͷԸʵһ㡣ҶЦ
ǳĬһΣľľĬ˰ӣŻڣһеĽľˮĿԲ䱾Դ͵ڶĺ鱦ǲſ̸
гĵһԻڶ޿ܣȱ鱦ƭȥɣҶЦ
һΣľľûзŭ̧ͷĿһҶ棬Щǿɴȥ̸
ǣľͨĺƪӵǷߡ
ڲѸˣصʱô룿
ҶĻľɫѿҶĻȴľһɡ
ľͨĺƪԣñ
û˾룬ǰΣǿǵôѪˡ
ϾϰľͨǰƪЧƪʧ壬ǼҪ
ã̸֮£Ϸ㽻ľͨ˵꣬һľľʧ
ľʧݾһѲ˾һ
ľڵģ潫һλľҶѲʹ֡
ľʧĹ⻪Ҷǣȴڽ
ڣǵʱˡ
ľ򿴵ǷӰǱģҶɳӳϹŲ¼µɳӳǵʦʦʦ̵˽һɱ۽ɳӳϹŲաˡ̶ӡߵӰ
ɳӳǷµ֪Ȼ޼ɵطսɱƽյ꣬˵ַаħ
ƫƫһλ߽ʦΣɳӳǷµְ˾ʦɳģҶ浱¼
ҪǴȥںĴ½Ǵܵؽڵήʷ͵㡣
⽫г޷ݵǴܹٷ¡
֮⣬Ȼƽ֣Ȼ񣬾ʹ£ҲҪһ
Ȼ޷նɱƾ֣Ҳʧء
ҶΪʲôһʼӰóԼԭʵܼ򵥡
һʼ뿪϶ҶɳӳǷµߣԻɱҶѩ
ҶóӰҲǾԲҶЭģὫ򲻿ԤԨ
ǴܵõӰҲֻܴⷽͷȴ޷ԴΪɸҶ
Ҷ治Ӱȥĸԭ
ȴֲͬˡ
ݷ±һ£ħ£ôɳӳǷһ£Ϊлħ֮߳ʣҲ˳µƵħϡ
棬Ҳ̨׿¡
Ҿ˽׵ĿܣȨҲҶ档
Ҳ£Ӱóײ׷£ΪҶıȡһͺô
ң飬÷
µΪɳӳǱһ·ŭһŭ֮´߷˲ϢɳӳǷܱ
£ҲԴ˿߰糡
һ·ͻȻû¼Ӱ£糷˵Ƕȥˡ
ˡͽ䡢ֲСģȵȶԳΪ˵ǣԣûֳӰ졣
Ҷ¼µӰǾͲһˣǳɽƵף£ҪԿȻ󲨡
ڳԺһ񷿵صףһŵĿռڣµ糡׵ܡԭѲϴǧڴ˼䡣
Ʒ֮࣬ħ֪ħʦħݷһµӰ죬ͶɳӳǷһ¿ֵܳ״Ӧ֮ߡ
ͻȻ䣬ⲼµľؽͻȻһɫ֮ͬ࣬һ̹мը
˵תΪϲľãһºնԸҶӦ֮ߡµ˵
ˡľ飬ޱȵѿ
ľ֡ǣЩͷԡ
ľֶһӰ
ոճɲǣ糾ͱӰе͵صľ


1680 ӿ
⡭Ӻζ
һӰİ糣Ǿŭӣȫ꣬һ㣬һԶγĴ
ľľûϻش糣ɨһˣʱľѡ
¹ͽҪһ£ܵѺߣҲСġ
Ӱʲôޱȵı
£ϴѲǸ˵״ϷҪϴδ֮£Ѻ顣糳ԭѲϴǧ˵
ԭϴǧУɻ֮ɫ֪ǳʲôҪ飬С¹ش
ҪȻһ飬Ҳǡ
ǿ系ľ飬ʱƺڷǡ
¸Ӻ֮࣬Ҳֻ뿪
뿪ûãһ´µĵ֣ʵࡣ
ȫ׷ʲôʡ
ϧǣ£ǵٵҲǲ鲻ġ
ڣϸϸĿľӰȻֵݸ׵ܣߵ飬ͬޱȵ𾪡
ľǴӺõģȻ˴Ӧýдһǲźá
׵ܻû˵꣬ľ¶˿׳һĿ⣬úͻȻᣬ˵Ƿϻ
Ҫ֣ܶḷ̌
϶Ϊ֣ܶľġ
Ѳڶ·ѲʹҶ潻ҵġҶƣⲻ⣬ŵˣͻὫ¼Ӱ̵ʱϽ˾Ԥ
ͬʱڴһݳڹΪɢ
ҶҲƴһǻԩɱǾơ
֮⣬⿪һЩȫˡľֶǿҶ򣬾һˬһԡ
ľһֱıľͨûа⵵ҧһа꣬Ǿܹ˳ˡ
ȴƾ˵Ȼ˵Ҷ˵öȥԤʱ벻Ѫˡ
һһ㣬ľǸ
˰죬ɵһա
ûиҶ棬ħͷϲ˵񻹱ѣһҲޱȵı
ǰ˵Ҷóľ֮ͨԼ˳ŵ֮⣬ǵֹʥŮе飬ҲһȥԸ
ΪֹɽϵҶ棬òࡣ
ȫ״ˡ
β
ľٵĻ˵ȻƢһλãǻ۹ǲ˵ġ
ȻޱȵӰ塣
õĳĬ֮µ̧ͷޱȿɬ˵ҶҪ֮ǿԴӦǣǰôӦ

ػʹ֮ڣ˾Ԥ֮ݵ£ѲǱħ֪ħʦ̽Ԥ˫ַϵ
ɨһʼ¡ЦؼϢʮʱϴǧţԽԽˡ
һոĴ˾Ԥֹȥ£²𷣡
ɣҲ˵ˣѲϴ̸ڣųɴβ󲻵֮ƣ޹ءʼ¡Ц
ǲףʵϴǧˣڽ֣֮ޱҪԣϴҵҪԡ
һħ¿սƵϢ˵һ죬һʱҲӰơ
ʼ¡һڼܹ㳯͵ͺȵⲴ֮ҪҪū
㳯˵ʼ¡ʹסⲽ֮ΪѾͻƵ鱦ܱ߻ɱֶΣǼѵġ
ңϵķյôӳʤܹϴ֮ƣѲ
˵ʼ¡ͻһ࣬ȵ飬һ^ĸϣ޴һ仰մ󳯻ᣬٲ棬ǵ£޾Ͳˡ
ūּ㳯Ѹʧ
䣬ȥһ˼λ;Ŵۡ޴һ仰޵Ѳڶ·Ѳʹûˣô޾ͽǵֶһȫѲڶ·Ѳʹְ
һһʼ¡ȵ
ּ
⣬ȻǼѾ֤ھͰɣҪƺƴһ㣬Ϊģʼ¡Ц
˾Ԥ뿪֮ʣʼ¡ЦȴڼһΣޣݷ±һ£޵ҪǷӲȥ
ݷ±һ£ʼ¡ѹҶһ£Ҳת
ʼ¡֪ݷҶģǻθ룿


1681 ڲ
ڳ̲ɴ޸̲ɴʱһƣһŮϵĲˮһ㣬ͺȥ
ۡѹޱȣŮʮλ̶Ҹ˵ˡ
ү⵽ʲô£ɷ˵˵̲ɴ޺ճüһ£ҷ˻ҲΪġ
¾˵㣬Ҳף㲻ùܡ޺˰֡
һȴʹ˰ݣԵүǼ֮㲻ˣڶѹԺĸ״ˣҲҹģʳ
ҲͰˣĸ״ǱߣүȥһˣЦտһĸ״ͣ˲
ԣɴ޺͵̧ͷŭĸ״ҲӰˣĸ죬Ҳ˺졣
ٴ̾һүΣ˶ĸ״ֻһ۶ǵ仯֪ܲ
⡭
ĸˣҲˣʱֻҪ뿪ء
ɴ޺˵꣬ңңǰԺͻشҵĺкɴ޺üͷһ塣
ȥǺڸſ֡
ɻλ̲ɴ޺Ը꣬һԶһū͵Ĳҽ
һѸӰ˽˸֮ۡС
죬ǰĪһ
壬һ١һʣ
׽÷ٴ޺꣬ҵ·ߣɱ⡭
һŭȣôһϵѪɫ˲Ϣʾ
ү⡭ǡӵĴ佫֮ʱʱͻ˹ȥ
̲ɣ˭ҡ˭ҡ
ž
һӺݺݵ˦̲ɴ޺ϣһʥּͬʱ
̲ɴ޺꣬˽˽ջ¸ʮǰ󶫾ıһһһǧİʮһڣ񼫣ְֽ죬á
Ǹʥּɴ޺̱ڵء
ʮǰһô£ǿɲ漰ı漰
飬ĸ̲߹ûһ׮
Դڴ󳯻ϵһҶ濪һֱڵģʡ
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ϧǣûеȴ˼õʥּ
޺ʧ֮ʣԺȻ˳ıͼƽŵĸףʱһȺɷĲ۷·һ
һͳӵĴ䣬ﲻˣͬΪ٣ĸѸߣշһ
ӵķȴĿ⿴ߵʥּ̣۾һˣ£ұضӣշһ
£Խġ
˵һűµķű¸ĸű¸ٺ»ȴŲ̨Ե顣
ӣ˸ҸҲҸ
һǴӵķʱҲ¶֮ͬɫֻܰԿЦ
һССɣϵб֮У˵㵨أ˵ɵأ
ɴʱȴһĻҰܡ
Ļںͷ
һڲۣһȫڳĽֵҡУòҶһ·͵Ρ
ڲĸ֣ڴ߶ǧ飬ȴû˿ô
ȥ֪ͨ߾˾ˣλɵĴּվͻ㲻ȫ壬ҵŮҲҪȫ͵˾
߸Ҹ˾ɼҵĻɫɶŮʮһˣɫ߾ųɣɣֿУֿޣɱûǡ
ոձεĴɣ͵ήڵأһ˿ѪѾ
˾
ܸصĸ˾Ǹ߾ӪˣЩ˴ķټҾӯ
һɲǣ͵ͷأصĿڵϣͷѪ֮ʣߺ£֪ˣ֪ˣˡĳһ⡭
ɣ֪ڣαص
УΪȡɵ֤Ѳ˾ʿѪƴʮ֮࣬ǣҲӦ
һ̾˦˴žʹ뿪
ֻʣ´һ

һʱ̲֮ɴ޺Ϊ˽ȫһ£ʹأôȺ𶯣ѡ
˵ĳԻʵ۷ʵ̨֮ԣҲߣЩѾĳӣͷȣ𾪲ѡ
˵ԭˤ˱ӣһ²¡
̲ɴ޺걻һ£ĵְɻʣ졣
ǣƽܰõ飬ȴ˽ʮ졣
˭˵ⱳǲʼ¡೼ʩӰٶأ
£ȻǲĴһˣȴӰȴǱ鼰Ⱥ
˭ұ֤Ըƨǳ׸ɾģ
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Ծ뼸ĶУˣǺ䲻Ҳ
Ҷֺγأ
ֻɣҶȴûκμҾǣ
ˣľľݾڣͨ


1682 ħ
ҶѲʹߣ֮ͬˡǰǣӦ򡭡
Ļľû˵˼ȴףҶҪͬ⣬ǾֻƲˡ
ͬʱľҲַʽҶһļ
ҶõνӦûǷӰйء
ֻӰص飬Ż˵ļ
ϾǷӰ¹ͽ
ЩƶϣҶ沢ûż֪ϸľǷ
Ҷ֪˶ĵ
Ҷ֮ǰĵһԲ䱾ԴȻǲˡ
ҲӲ˵˿Բ䱾ԴﵽǺεȵ󣬾УҲֻеλߵһĴڲС
ҵҪУ鱦ֻһ⿳ۣҲ̫˰ɣһۣҶûĽӻľǰ
鱦ҲǼȱ˳ϵĴʦĿǰƷ߼Ʒһ鱦á
ܼһѾˡ
治ܣľ˵
ǵ˼û̸ˣҶֱӷ
Ҷ֮ǰԤ룬鱦̫ܣпܵģû뵽ıҪݡ
ԣľЦǲûУ鱦ܹӳߵսһʹͷȥ
ϷõҲһƷ鱦ѣ⣬ǵҾεʱԪ͡
Կߣߵǻû䡣
ľ˵ļѣҶȴǲţҾͲţټһҲ鱦
ҵǿҵóɶ֮֮ڣʥظΪϵʥظλΪɽͷʽȴܸӵĸӡ
˵һΣó鱦졣Ϊѱһǳġľ˻еӰ
һ棬ľһϣû˿ò
ʵҶѲʹʯ鵤ټӵ㣬鱦ûС
˵ľٺһЦҶѲʹҲԸĽӰܣأ
ʱ򣬵ǴܣҶѲʹ㣬Ըⱻͨڣݰɣ
ȻʧҶĳֺϧϣҶǺʾ
ľ˵ȴ
ӰܽȷȷʵʵҶκκô鷳
ǻǣҶŽӰɶðž޴ףҲϽ
Ȼľ˵鵤ʯϱ߲һôҶĳҲͲˡ
ļ鱦ֵ޷⡣
ԣҶĳг鵤ĿʯĿǼֵҩҺĿȫһҶ˵
ľüͷ΢΢һ壬ȫһƷ鵤Ŀ͸ߴǧˣ굤⡭Ϸһ¡
ľ򷢳˼Ѷûþͻ˻Ӧ
굤Ŀܱ֮⣬ģû⡣ҶѲʹ굤ޱȵҲ
ϵĹãҪǧƷʯ֮ޣǴԼ˴Ӿػ۲ɳ
ÿÿʮܳһ¯һ¯Ҳʮƿ¡˵ģɽÿ꣬һƿľ͵
Ҷüͷһҧ⣬룬ˡ
굤ҶҲֻɵʱɽʱ
˵ǹ̻ƵĵʥƷɽ䭣Ҳֻδ
ɵ鱨ֻڲ߲֮
ҲΪһ䣬Ҷǰʱ굤һƿ
ûʲôϣû뵽˺鱦굤ȴͨˡϧǣȴ޷
Ȼ㲹ҶѲʹȻ⣬ôҶѲʹҲҪӦ˫ܳ׵ĺľ˵
ʵϣȫҶԤ֮С
ĵһӰԭʼӰԼ¼ӰֱӽӴͿӰԱޱĽ
ڶҲǵһĲ䡣
ϾĸƤҲ޷֪Ҷ浽˵滰Ǽٻ׽ӰԭʼӰ¼˶ٷݡ
¹ش
ԣĵڶҶ뵱ǵ棬Եһݣ͵ħ
Ȼ󵽼ĵħṩ


1683 
ħⶫҶڴ֮ǰҲֻǴǰĶһЩżпȴδʵ
ΪͻƵ֮ѾûжԼˣӣ̸Լ
ͨ£ֻЩԪߣԪ֮طģ߶ŲƵԼ
Укö˵֮ġ
оѪģħ񹬵ͽԹĵȵȡ
Щ߶һԼȴûоԵԼ
Ӱ֮£һᣬٶԣġ
Ͷħ
ħЩΪ̤кڵĴڣѪΪططҹɾħ
ʹħ֮ʹطͬʱԼħȻһĶ
Ȼ󣬾ħӦˡ
ҲɣʮδɳֱַҲɡ
ħʱµŵԣôħٴͻữɻҽûʱͻ⵽ҵķ֮࣬ħߵ֮Уħ
ֲħһһ޷
ħ᳹׵Ķͣʱ߻ħĻʣֱߵ޷
ħޱȵİԵֻҪƷߵΪʹ߲̫ͣǼ컯ǿߣҲ޷ѡ
һЩǿߴܣǷ㲻
ֻħףʱֱӳȡߵıԴѪβ˵Ϊľе䡣
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ҲΪԭ򣬵ħҲ亱
˵ʵ̫
ҶΨһҪǵľǣڲڵħ϶ֽأ
ʹģҶʹӦ
鳷ҵйɳӳǷµָ̽ȻǴееƷ֮һὫӰԭʼӰ
¼ӰԼпӰȫǣħ٣ΣҶ˵
û⣡
ľӦĺʹ죬ϣͻ£ͬʱҲ᳷ļӣϷΪĴҶѲʹǸ⡣
ʱɽסħ٣ûɣ
ͷ֮࣬ҶȴЩڣܹڰ֮ڽ嵥ϵƷ룬Ҫˡ
ҲǣһµĲƸ˺ǻܵԺԺʥصĲƸж٣
һ磬µֳַȨȣʥӡ
Ȩȴ٣ǴʥӶʽڣҲҵ
ټȺϯռ˾Ӵ
£Ϸǰһϡ亮ѹ󣬰ᵽ⡣
ʼ¡һȺһ࣬ҲЩɻ
ǲףվǴ󳯻֮ڣ۶ڶ·ѲʹҶ汻ָ̽һ֮գΪҪŵǰ£
ڴȺʱ糴ŵԷȨ䣬Ϊ˶ԸҶ棬Ϊ˶Ը˭
뽲ֻҪǺģܰģһӦʡʲ̲Ļص
Ϸл¡
Ӧ֪ݷ±һ££ר˲֤ħΪɳӳǷ±һ£ҲħһλħߴΪ
һʼ¡ܳʱʹһǱΪѣû뵽һڣԼͽ¶ԣҶƽ˷
îĳӣȻһȭ˿մĸо׼췴ڦĶȻûˡ
ܵģȴҪԭѲϴǧš
һҪΪӱ֮һҪǰҶжǿî˾
תۼ䣬ᶨѾͰǸˣˡ
βŭ
ڳϣʱԭѲϴǧǾҪŰ糵Ĳô¡
ʼ¡ԴҲǼΪ档
˵ķӦµȴ·ûһ㣬ԹԵ˵
ħ˾٣ʵ̫ˣˣʵ̫ţ
ǰʥλͬʱ·ּҪħǱ֮¡
ħǱƸӣǣ浽ħս鱨˵һӦˡԣϷǰּѲħսפܱ߸ϹŲ󣬸Է㣡
˵꣬µȨȡ
ʼ¡ԽĿɿڴȻνϣȻ
ȻǶħ֣Ϊʲôأ
ʼ¡ּŸ˾ϣ跽㣬Ѳȫϣ¡
ȻɳӳǷݷȫϵħϣôйضҶָأȻͲڴڣȻȻĳˡ
еĴҶָ£ƺֻ˳ֶΪ
ȻֻҪҶҲĸɵָ֮ǰΪҶһ¡
ҶڵŵĴʦػԼһʦѲ˾һԼļ˾ȫ֮ҶҲ֪˳ϵ顣
Դ£ҶĴָ֮⣬κ˵
һҪħ񹬣һͨ˳Ҷָء
һӶ
ȻҪ֮ĳԩҶ棬ͷҶָأϴǾԲܡ
ĿǰΣº͵һַʽ
ʱʮ֮Ҷٵɣ


1684 
棬ȻĳҶָأʵ֮ʹڣʼ¡һɻ
⵱Уһʲô޲֪ı仯飬⼸ʲô쳣֣ʼ¡ʵ
ر£ū޷֡ΨһƵϷֵģǴǰľľҶ̸Ρ
ζҶ˽ɳӳĻħΪġ㳯˵ͬʱһһ㳯üͷٴһ
ر£ūոյرľٴ˽ħߵ壬Ҷܻᡣ㳯˵
ܼ𣿡ʼ¡˸
㳯ҡҡͷһ屻֮޼ǿ֮
֪ˣ
ʻ˰֣ϸ̽⼸ʲô쳣Ӧ
䣬ʼ¡ָһӡ⻪һռ˾ƾճڶ
Σ
ر£Ϸ򷽲ط붯ͨ̽ԵɣóĴЩ⡣˵
⣬ô˵
ͨԣ֮ԷŹҶ棬ȫΪһе׼¼ʲôͨȴ˵
ԣʼ¡üͷһһ򣿿治޵ԤϡҪħ񹬣õ˴ĵ޸ϡ
˴ĵ޸ϣʵҪĿģǲΪҪҶָضǰôһ
ǣ˵ݷ¼磬мԭϴǧŲ֣Ҳ׵ŹҶɣʼ¡˼
ҲϷɻ֮£ͨԣɳӳǷ±֮ʱҶȷʵɳӳǷ֮УɳӳǷ±һ£Ҷйء
ɳӳǷ£Ѿ׵վĶ棬ޱ
ӦҶ֮䣬ĳֽף˵ʼ¡Ц޼εҶ棬ҲǴ𣿡
ף
һԵ㳯ͻȻ̧ͷ£ūһ£ڴ֮ǰһֱıҶľͨ򣬻᲻أ
ľͨ
ռ˾ɫһ䣬⵹пܣľҶõľͨǧˣٮٮѾСɣܣȷʵͬһ㡣
֮ľµЩľͨķּ˾һ˾Ϳɵʮʮ
ľͨ𣿡
˼Ϣʼ¡˵ͷ⵹Ҳпܡ

ڣؽ绹аľ£ҶľڽĽס
ӰԭʼӰλӲţɱҰɣҶЦ
ЦԼɱ⣬֮⣬Ϸô
ȻնɱѲ˾ѲʹǹΪһ֮Ҳ𣬸
ɲ˵ġ
ҲΪ죬ٶȱˣʵȴһ㶼
ļ˾ʵɱҪˡ
ҪĶأҶαһ˵
糺ЩˬӸҶһöָΪֻˣ챻ҶʵǼȵĲˬ
΢΢һɨҶȷ˴ָеĶĶȫˣҪһ鱦أ
ҪԭʼӰе¼أûУ糷ʵ
ԭʼӰҪ
ΪеӰأƵӰ¼ģֻʼӰſ¼浵
õԭʼӰ൱ڶס˴Դͷ
ô죿Щɻ
ǲеħ𣿡Ҷ淴ʡ
һָһ꣬һöԾīɫĻ飬ƾճ֡
īɫֵɲǣҶʱ䣬ӿ˶ǿڵѨ
ˣؿҲһơ
ȴһīɫɢĶ̵ԭ
ҲͬʱŰľµĽ磬īɫֵɲǣʱб֮ʡ
ľ˫ḧ̹ɢʱͽīɫѹƵ˷Բһ֮ڡ
ǴӦͳĻϵ鱦ҶĿһ
Ϲ֮飬ǰλնɱ
Ϲ֮֮һ壬Դ飡λ׵Ʒ鱦ľ͵
Ҷһϲüͷһ壬֮˵Ϲţ̫֮ʱҲս׾֮ʵʮھͷ̫ޡ
ϹƳɵĺ鱦͸
ܵģҶӦϸ鿴һ¡
ӦûϢҶ۾͵ˣң


1685 ˣ
ⶾѹûκԣа綾棬ȴκԣһѹƲǺ鱦Ҷŭ⡣
״һľȴæԲôܣϸϸӦţҰѹƶ棬ĸӦ
ģ
ľٴѹƶ棬Ҷ˶ģһ
ߣȷʵһ˿ڲ
ԲȴȳӤҪСͷ·Ǹողûһ㡣
׼ȷ˵ԲѹǸոûõġ
ҲΪһԣ϶Ķ棬ⶾǿմ˺鱦ıߡ
Խ֮Ϊ鱦ָֻոտʼƷ鱦ҪγսҪڵǳ׳ɳ
ǣ鱦ԣҪɳǧΪλġ
˵һһȻӦ˸һ鱦;ԲʳԣӦѾӦеԲ˰ɣ˵ĺУȴǳ
ǣ˵ģҲ޹
ǰ飬Ҳ飬һ鱦ҶҪٵԺˡ
ȻҲûٳɵķٳɵķҪɣȴϼѡ
Ҷǰţȡľٵʱ򣬷˼ö飬飬طƣҲͺ鱦
ԭͬⶾһû飬Ҫһ൱ϵ޵ע룬ͨطܽɺ鱦
ǰⶾ飬Ҳ鷳
Ķ棬ɲһĶԵԽġ
ϹްΪ֪˶֣λ
Ϲжǿ
ǰⶾڶ죬ӦնɱϹ֮ǰط޵һΪȫ֮С
ı⣬Ӧǽһǿĺ鱦
ʵʩУ֪˺⣬ȻûнϹ޵ȥ
һⶾһֱ
ֱҶŽĶ
ãⶾڲҲһ˿ԣǿմ˺鱦ıߡ
ǣĿǰٶȣһԣҪԳɳ׳Ϊ飬ֻ»Ĺ
ҲǷá
Ȼɾͺ鱦ҲһֱעһΪ൱꣬Ȼܴ󽵣Ҳʱʹãӳ鱦
ǣϹ⥵ĶޱȵҲҲһʵע롣
ΪϹ⥵͵ע룬ѹƿƲס棬ᱻʱٻɻҡ
ڱϹΪߵޣûУǷģûС
ϵ棬ϢΪ߾ޣ֮١
֮ܣûҵʵܹע꣬˵Ҷˡ
ԣѡѡȥѡöմϺ鱦ߵĶ飬͸Ҷ棬ʵУ
Ҷ汾ҲмңһУޱȵȻҲ뷨
ǣҶȴôһƿ
˰죬˺ôһѱһõķ˭˭ˬ
οҶдʱĴѱأĸԸıӡ
Ŀһ֮ʣԪ鰢ͻȻҶ鸮֮
Ҷү⣬£˵һǼһˡ
ˣôᣬһѣҶɻ
Ǽˣ
ļ
½׵ϹŲռǰշǸ⡣Ԫ鰢˵
˵
Ҷ뵽ɲǣʱȴ룬ֻܰԪ鰢˵ö飬ҶѾ뵽һ
νϷ㣬Ҷ滹ˣһͨ
ܺãĺŪ˵ı£ҶĳˡҶЦ
ôǺŪأҶѲʹҲˣϾһ鱦ֻܹ׷ʵʱ䣬ҪһѡЦ
ֹһѣ
ҶһĲ䡣
ΪӦҶѲʹóеӰ˰ɣľ˸Բ
ȫҶӳһöָ
һۣüͷһ壬ԭʼӰһʮĿӰô㣬ҽӴӰ˵أ
ô࣡Ӷѣҵ׼ҽӰ֮ҶЦ
㡭üͷһȴľѹ£ǱҶְ˰֡
ǽӴӰأʵ
ЩӰԭʼӰȫʩӵĶŷеķȫá
ҵЩ£ֻǽӴѹ֪ݣԣˡҶ˵
ⲻУ£һ˿©Լ
Ҳ˶𣿡ҶһĲˬ
ɫһ䣬ȴľסģеħ𣿡
ἰħ糵ɫźÿһ㡣
óһ׼õĴʣȻҶһ͸ŵѪɫ磬ɢϢ
ط˷Ȼġľ򽻴
Ĵʵʵˣ֤Ҷ潻еӰû⴫֮ģݵģҲҼӣˣҶҲġ
Ҷǣħޱȵ档
Ҷĵʱ򣬵ħڹ⻪ɢҶ澹Ȼоͷ֮طڲ
ÿһԣƺڵħĲ֮£Ƕͷֵط֮Уͷγһ޷ݵĸо
ǸоǼǸӦ
ҶһĴ֮󣬵ħ֮й⻪գͷط˲Ϣȥ
ٿȥʱöѪɫĵħ֮УȻֳҶģ
ħģľһۣͬʱһǰ£ˡ
ϣҶõħģʹҶ˵һУġ
û˸õħЦ컯˶С
ȻҶ水ĴԾ㶼ģѴɣǾʹѾȥˡ
ԺҶͻ¹֮ҲȣѹƲκηˡ
νۼΪʵûӰΪ֤һж
һħ֤ٲġ
ִһ⣬ħѪһʱסҶ棬ոʧط򲨶ٴ֡
ͬʱҶͷط򲨶һסҶѪ⣬Ȼ
ѪµҶ棬ȴûܵκӰ죬ҶֻоǰγɵļӦҲһɲɢ
״ľٴζӵͷ
ҶѲʹ׮£ǹȥˣǴӽԺҼΪУؽɢ
ݻһߣƾʧֻĪľľվ
ΪλߣҶľˬòҲ뾯Ҷĳһ
ǣ
Щεľæ֣Ϸ޴⣬ľҶѲʹĹϵһǲġ
Ϸ£ΪҶѲʹйľͨ°벿ҶѲʹۡ
ҶһľĿ⣬ǿ˷һ㡣


1686 
ľľһҶ㾡ܿ۵ģҶգû׳һ
Ҷ治ľԼǰľͨƪںֻҪҶ۸񿪵Ĳ̫ףľ򶼻ܵġ
ǣҶĿǰҪĿԲ䱾Դˣ֮⣬Ҷһʱᣬ治֪ԸҪʲô
Դ
ҩʯ
ֻǺ鱦
ڸոմϺݺݵĹһʡõ˴ԴԼϡʵ£ҶģϾͽһףǷǳǵġ
ľͨҶȻѾôҪġ
ҪȻߣƼˣ֪ʹʲôֶΡ
ңԤǣη±¼֮ȻΪҶֺ֣ɹϴˢɡ
ǴӽҶ֮Ĺϵͬˮ
ŶԴļ֮һ
ôһ־ڱصáҶԾ鿪۵Ľ׻ᣬҿһǾ˷ˡ
Ҫʯ鵤Դʵ˷ѡ
νøڵϣҶģⳡĽףһá
ҶҲøȱʲô
ľҲ֪ҶĳոյõһԴҶĳҲ֪ĿǰҪʲô
ɷҶĳһ£ȻٿΣҶ澭ؿǺĴ𰸡
ľЩԥ֪ģ֮ڽǱߣ޷ϡ
֮ΣҶ˵
꣬ǾһΪ
Ҷ֮ľƮȻԶȥ
ʱ䣬ˣûʲôʱ䣬һƷ鵤Ĳ
ǶԸոսؿռҶԣʱ䣬ȴʱ䡣
ʱ䣬Ҷߵһ˵Ϊͻͽ
ʱҶӦÿҪʲô

½׵ϹŲռ֮еõ츽׻飬⥶ԣϡ
ǿע룬츽׻飬Ҳ޷Ϊⶾɣ
⣬֮ǰҶ治Ҫ¶ʱҶѾˡ
Ҷ֪Ԫ鰢ǲẦģֱϵ˿̣ſʼѯʡ
ҵҶүͨĸ׻飬ȷʵ޷ڵĶ棬֣
츽׻飬ǱͨĻҪǿʮҪǣ飬ſԵġ˵
ԣ
˼ǣ츽׻ѧϰƶڶķ
ѧϰ¸¸µʧЦ˵Ҷү㲻ģ츽׻űĻԲãȥѧϰοǶ棬һ־޴˷𣿡
ȡЦҶɫһл˵ƨţСþк㡣
ķ˸ۣû˼˰ֻǲյ
ҵ˼츽׻棬䣬䡭Ҷ˾ףԪ鰢ֱͶ
ҵҶү밡ǽ츽׻ԣǶһ𣬻Ǻεȵġ
Ҷ۾͵һ뷨
ͽ˲
츽׻ԣ總֮һ㣬ˮò𣬷βϢһѪȼϣһ̵ʱ֫壬ȥǳĿֲ
׻ȻֲǸ׻Ļȴһ㡣
Ҫһλߣ¶Ҫʱ
ôʱڣеǰ취
ǣǽ׻ԣӵֲĶϱߣǵжֲ
Ķ棬̫Ϣܻ档
ꡢ塢顣
ȻʿǷǳŵġ
׵ľꡢ塢ǲܣ棬ȴ׵ķߵ塢
ƷףҶĿǰҪףƷ
ҪڴζԶԶĸڸ׻
ǽ׻ԣʩӵ֮ϣǿֲ
˵ǽ׻ԣӵҶĿǰϱߣҶӳ֮󣬽۷£һһ׼
Ѷȡ
ǣ׻鲢ʵ壬ң棬Ĵй츽׻ܹҶʵ
һϣȷʵܣҶүģѵˣҿ̫൱⥵ڵڣ츽׻飬ֻҪҼĵر
˵԰ĵһֱ׷Ʒ鱦ĺ鱦
ʱ򣬾ÿİǻӶˡ󰢳Ц
棿
Ҷ۾Բˣֱ׷鱦ĺ鱦ϵ鱦ż
棡
Ԫ鰢ϣûһ˿˵Ц֮⡣


1687 Σ
һֱ׷鱦ıҶҪǲĶǼٵġ
ջɣ;ֱǰǣԪ鰢ҪǼĵر
ԣ츽׻棬һѭ򽥽Ĺ̡
ĿǰֻҪһöͨΪĶԵһţֶݸһš
һҪʮĹ
Ͼ漫£¾Ԫ鰢ָ㣬Ҳܹ޳ɵġ
ʮĹ򣬲Ҳ̡
Ÿıʱ֮ҶԣҲһҵʱ䡣
ܵأĴ½˿ڣƷʤ
Իһ㹦ҶõⶾԵ밢ֶݡ
˵ҪҶ츽׻ĺӡ
½ʱҶΪֻܽ츽׻֮
Ҷʵ뿪½֮ʣ˺ֹٱҶԪ֮󣬾Ϳɵ츽׻ıԴдӡ
֮ǰֻһֱδ츽׻飬һֱûշˡ
йСգʦηɰ׻Զ½ܡ»иĸЩ⡣
׵ͬĳҲǴͬ
ȻʱڴȥǵɶʱȥһóҲһݾϲ
صݣҶ水Ԫ鰢˵ɵľ츽׻ڴӡǡ
ǣطµġ
ǰҶӵ츽׻飬ѾҶԲˡ
ȻҪѾ÷ֵԭ
˶Ҷָأ֮Ҷְ֮Уһйɳӳ׷ħٵ򱨸ȥǽˡ
򱨸֮УҶֻԼһѲ·Ѳʹζ෽һ¡
ǼһΪɳӳһ£Ĵǲá
ҪǣΪɳӳϹŲŲʧĽͷö
ϣÿһϹŲܱ﷽Բܱ߰˰﷽Բ
һһϹŲŲʧζŽĴܶǴϹŲܱӰúܵ͡
ƫԶңɴ˶
ȻϹŲĴܣҲ˵öϹŲŲƣ޲ˡ
ڴܾزڣűõϹŲŲơ
ǣʧһöŲƣʹϹŲбڹؼʱõķա
ǵشϽһһط£ͻôϽǧ
һȫµŲޱȵķҪ֮ãǳ鷳
ԣѲ˾ѾѲ·Ѳʹ˾֮ڣҵʧɳӳϹŲŲơ
ҵ㽫
Ҳ·ѲʹͷˣһҪ
οҶﲼϽһҪޱȵӡ
¹ضԸ̣Ժ˵Ÿá
ҶҪסΣؼʱ̣Ҫһ֮
ԣҶ潫ɳӳϹŲŲƣСŲֱ͸Ρ
ΰҵŲƵϷ룬λøĹͣΰţǾԼˡ
ҶҪģԺһ֮£ʹ֪֪鱨
Щ飬ҶͿʼѰ˼Ҫ뿪ˡ
׼ǣתء
Ҫ㡣
Сèͷ滹˵ûע⣬۵Ķڣһһ죬ǿ൱ƽʱʮ졣
Ҷ滹д䣬Լǧ̵ˣͲˡ
ܴܲʧɣ
Ȼ˵аµĻţֿǿĶǱҪҶҲá
ңһλȥҶ㽫һ˵ʵȫһ¡
ʥʦηɰףĸˮl˵ʵȵһΡ
һ൱ʮ꣬ҶźԴƶĹЩ˵Ϊսͻŷ츲صı仯
Ҷȱʱ䣬Ҳһһ֡
Ҷ潫ǵ۵ȥûãֹӦ˵һɱˡ
˵Ҷˣոְ˾ƨɶûȥʹ뿪ˡ
㲻¿ҳֵЦɣϹĳֹһĵ٩
ҶȻ֪ǵ٩ֹ£Ҷ˵ǶѹڰҶ棬Ҳ޲ɡ
Ҷֻš
ֹüëһҶ֪˵ˣæҾĿڣˣίʵûд⣬֪кηԸ
ҶǷģֹŵһɣһЦǰеȻˣҵھűΰɣ


1688 ʵȨ
ֹԣ֮ɵҶΪʽֻǽʽְʽһѡ
ְλʵûôӡ
Ǹ븱Լһְ˾Ա
ڣֽ׼࣬ʵε渣ֽ渣׼
֮иΪְܴ˾ϽӰ죬ְ˾Ҳǳȷ
һ֮ٶ࣬ÿһλ
һڶȵȣңҲ˵ġ
λִһ£ǰ˻ִ£ô֮У˭ĸߣ˭ġ
ϣ򣬾ʹȨֹܵͻȨҲһ
ȻҲǵһ˾ܹǬٶϵģսʱǴ󲿷ָԣôľ飬Ҳ޷ͨ
֮£ÿҴˣҴܵμܹҲ࣬ƺƽ֮⡣
ͨ£Ҵɵλڸ֮£Ȩʱ븱£ʱʱȸߡ
ʱҴǵţһĽҪ֮Ȩ㻹ȨµȨȵȡ
ʵ˵ˣһ̬ĳãȴʵ
´÷֧
ֹεȴһ
ʵڳֹ֮ǰڣֲȱȫĵ÷֧΢λҲĵͣҲ档
뵱شйأҲħ֣йأʽ΢
ⲻ֪ˣ׼ҲǵûС
ĸ֧һʵҲսйء
ǣĵ֮ˡ
ĵΪһ̶ȣǾ
ġ
ΪˣΪδĴڣҪȫȫĹͽ֮ˡ
Ϊϣǿǰͺ̣ѡ
ĵȴһΪ컯֮ڣΪֻ֪ȡ֪رĶ
ֻһ̶ΪǿĴڶѣˣߡ
ΪߣԹЩν񣬵ЩҪЩ
˫ֹ֮໥ģһ׳ɳ
ֵ֮γȻͬŷʽ
ҪϵͽһζĹֻ֪ŵͽԹݵ̣ͽ
ߵȴǾӢ·ߡ
ٻһַʵһеԴն˽Щڡ
һɳ©׳󣬸ȡ֡
ԣļΪٶȶڵս壬뾫ѪĹ࣬Ԫϣ󶼲ڡ
̶γֽȻ֮ͬ·
ļ˾Լ֮⣬ҪĹսΪߵͣѡ
ЩĹսǿĵ÷֧࣬¼˾Ϊ졣
Ĵ׼˾Ĵľ˵̫Žڵļ˾ǣΪ֮죬ֱߵĳ档
֮ڳɾͽģΪﵽ۷ΪǼģҲûС
ǣеķ֧ùĹս꣬Ǵһǿ
֧ûԣǱȲϴҲ̫ס
ȴ֮Уķ֧ãû֮һ
ԭܼ򵥣Ϊλ飬ǰΪڶֻнء
Ҳļ˾ΪΪ
ڻãֻ֧һ㣬ȴԽԽ
ƽһλǼΪ۷ʱ䣬꣬Ǵ屶ࡣ
ҲΪԭÿѡ˾ǿѡһּ˾ûˡ
ˣ˶㡣
ΪΪ֮ʣһֱûλҲһֱֻλ
ǰı䣬ֹʥŮУڼ֮׼˾֮󣬾ֱίγֹΪһ
ˣΣҲЩƣȲֻǶ˳ָֹ㣬¼˾ΪٶȣӶѡ
ֹԣڲĸֹҹҲ˵ꡣ
⣬ҲҶ潫˵˸š
ҴĽʵȨյġ
ʵȨ˿еȨ
죬ֹǴҶʵȨģ


1689 ּ
ҶƣƵաͽְ˾ǨѲ졢ʷ䡢ѵӪҩƷ޵һʮȨ֮塣
ְ˾ȱԭԣȨ֮Уѡע⣬ЩȨǹͨģѵѲȨ𡭡
𿴳ֹ˵ʽʵʱҶ볤ֹһ㣬ڱ߱ġ
Űλ¼滤
ˣ滤¼ΪߵҲضѣòȥЩ̬
֮ô⣬ҪĿǰǳֹһ˵㡣
ԭλţԴǰֹսͷϣΪһûãλ뿪ˣ񲻼Ӱ
ԣһ񣬽гֹοֹϯռ˾֧֡
ȨϣǺģҶѡ
ҶȴԸ֪Լ£޷ʱפأѡ˼ͽְ˾ǨѲ졢Ӫȡ
ȻҲ˵ҶЩְ˾Ҷͱһפڡ
֮ڣ֮£иЭļ˾Ҵÿ˶ֱԼµĸ
Ҷѡ񣬳ֹʵЩġ
ֹ뷨ҶѡһЩؼԵȨĴְ˾ʷ䡢¼һЩܲȨְ˾ҶǴʱ䣬͵ˡ
˵ףֹҶڵʱһЩ
ֹҲ֪Ҷ飬ҲǿֻǼ¡
ְ˾ȷ֮󣬾ˡأӵвǧ˵ӣ˶㣬˾ࡣ
ԣѡߵӼ˾ֻˡң֮Уͳ죬¼ֻ
Ǽѡ˴ߣˣֻռ˾ˡ
⣬ڱȨ֮ڣѡЩӼ˾ԾѡΪߵĴߡ
ǳΪһô
൱ֱҶ벿Ӣ
Ȼ˵¼е٣ȴҶĿǰȱٵǰǼҶ漱м
ֹԣҶֻҪԴµܣ߰ڱҲԡ
ҶѡпʼӼ˾ͻΪҶ˽ֱĳһҶ֮λǲŻگ뿪Ҷת
ʵҶҲ׳ֹ˼
ǳֹ֪ҶǱȣڱİҶ档
˳ͻ֮
Ӽ˾滤κҪҶ棬Ͳܹ쵽ġ
οļ˾ɲǺɱġ
£ǴŵҲŵĺ£Ҫ֪ļ˾սڴսʱʿļӳ֣ҲǼΪ
ħսϣÿһٱ֤ʮļ˾ӳ֡
ʲôߣҶº󻹵ûʱϸѡ
Ҷ磬ûпɣɻ⣿ֹݸЦ
ɳֹûнҶش˼һָָķ
Щô㲻޷Խõ޷ȡֹ˵
õ˵Ҷüͷ΢΢һ
ҶӦ˵ڰɣĸڽҪ֮ʲԽõĹսꡢ֮
ڹؼʱ̣ǿֱӻѻ붯ĹսꡢΪǶս
֮ǿˡ
ЩǸƿߣЩ֮ģź˶ѡֹ˵
һ㣬ҵ˵ô˵ԽõˣҶ˵
ˣֻҪչ֮ͨ빩ս꽨ͨؼʱ̣ͿӳΪս
ӳķһֻܷӳɵս
Ψһĺôǣ붯ļƷﲹ룬ԾѪ׼
ֹһҶʱһ棿
棡
붯ֹӳսʵ鷳ǾѪ׼
ؼʱ̣ȥôľѪ׼
һͨͿֱ붯ӳսʵ̫ˡ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷףλõľˡ
ֹˣķرһ̳ʱ룬ؼʱ̣ԾѪ׼ԻΪս
սߴ﹩ľųɣ
׼ľѪ㹻ߣ붯鱬ʮʮʵֹһ䡣
Ҷϲˣ൱˺üλظԻ֡
㹻࣬һƱ֣
£֪飬мλֱʲôΪҶʵ
ἰ£ֹǰ񵭵ϣ¶һ˿Ρ
Ŀǰλ飬λΪߣһĿǰأһĿǰء
ӳԷֱ𷢻ӳ˽ʵ
ҶЩʧЩӳӳʵҲأؼʱ̣ȴ޷ҾƵġ
ԽãȴеǼߡ
ǿҶ뷨ֹæһ䣬Ҷ磬ѾãʥŮУʱڣؿΪ
ǰʱǿΪأѾء
ٸ嵽ʱ䣬Ѷܹһλ۷ԲĹ飡ֹޱȵļ㡣
һֹŵ¼ǣһĳ羴
ֹȷʵϣڳֹ֮ǰһ̶ˮ˾ΪҶûжٶ־
ǳֹ֮龰ȴһùһ졣
ǰ˾ҪǿƻѾʼ¼˾ѡˡ
Ȼ࣬ȴ֮ơ
ˣҾͲٷϻˡ
ֹƺҲ̾Լĺ֮УʱȴǴ֮ǰֱӽ򽻸Ҷ棬Ȼȵ
׼õļƷȫ
ֶҶ˵Ҷ磬ֱ˵ιͨλ飬һһٰ֮طֱ붯λ
ְˡ
ųֹĻأһǧͷ;޴еޣ͵˵ǰ
һλ¼һϢĵݵҶּ齨ͨ
ּ𣿡
ҶһһУһֻͷǵͨ񾳾ءѪİɫ񣬾һն¡
أһ˿׶ظ֣ŵĹ⣬Ҷ档
ס֣ŭͬʱ


1690 λ֮
ŵϮҶĹ⣬ֵļͻأٶҲǼ졣
ĹƵҶǰ֮ʣŭų֡
ĹⱾɢŽ۷ϢҶľģȴĹصһҶ漡ʹޱȵϢ
£ȱҶĺΪѾߴأǿȿƷǽкǿߵĹҲӲӡ
ǣǴʹϢɲҶ⡣
ܵģҶμٷתܿöĹͬʱ͵ؿӿϮĹȫٻ
ģһҶе񵶣ضϳأڵء
ȴһĹҶе֮ϡ
ͬһɲǣɫĹ⻪͵ӿֹˮһӣͬһǽһ㣬Ҷǰ
ʲôˣ֡
δ˵ֹ꣬һǺʱģֹУ⡣
ߣٲҪķ츲ˡ
λıʹ󺺣󲽵ĴԶ̤룬罣һĿ⣬ֱָҶ档
ʵһ£֮λգְ֮˵ͬ⣬˽ܵģ󲽶ڶͶʡ
ҶĿһʱףǾŵĹ⣬ҪĿģӦΪ˻Ҫּ񵶡
ȻҶҪִնһ˵ģͻҶˡ
̶̼仰ҶѾף֮λġ
˽ܣд׼ǩķӡٸҴ빩ĹͨСıһ֮
ֹӦȴǼΪݣ˪ĺ߳Ҷּ
һ仰ǶҶ˵ġ
ش׼ķӡôܣڶͶһľȡ
磬ܣ϶ƭǡα֮ڶͶҪ׳ֵĵͶЦ
һԣҶĿ⣬ʱ絶һ˵Ͷ
߼ҶĿһĲмСӾǡ
Ȼ䣬Ҷ鸮Ԫ𣬻֮ʣֲѹͬŭһ˵Ͷ
ؿһͣǱèŵһ㣬͵һ£ʱ˵
Уȴ¶˼һ顣
ΪߴسڣȻᱻһͨصߵѹŵ
ֵǣҶ겨ƺ͸Щռһ겨
Ԫѹ
Ԫѹ֮
ûĻ𣬼ֹּдžϲҶһɨͺһ
ҿ˭ң
ûͬ⣬ҿ˭ҽּڶͶŭ
ʱȴλֳµʱ
𿴰ͶͶλֵ꣬ɫһ겻һ꣬ոճΪһĳֹ
Ҷλ¼ϵĳҶݳһּ񵶡
һĻڶͶ۴УǰҪֹҶּ
һ֣ɭɭΪߴ۷飬͵ڰͶǰĿŵڶͶ
ֹȴ׳һ飬ţǰش׼ǩͬⱾҶΪķӡ
֮ٸ£ݹֱ
ͶӹһֵܵͱþޱȣҲǴ׼ķӡܹðαˣû
ģֵԾ̾š
һֹ֣ջ飬Ȼȷ˴׼ķӡôպ󱾹ҲȻнǽλּ֮ɣ
ѯʣֹȴûһ˿һ˾ܾ˼һƣλɣ
ͶͶͬʱסεıֹƵһԵĹ˵飬һʱ֮ƺЩûӦ
ҶҲ΢΢һ㣬ʱ䣬ǸֽһŮȻ
ּʼ
һ¼Ҷٴνǰɫ𣬾¡
ҲʱƵһԹĵڶͶͻȻǷӦһ㣬͵һҶɫ֮䡣
ҶЩףλڸʲô
£ֹȴŭˣѾƻ룬͸浱β㣡
ֹһŭʱڣΪϢǿ飬ƾոڳֹ󣬼
ðͶͶֵɫΪ֮͡
֮£ڶͶӵ򶨡
ش׼ķӡȷʵûǣ֮λ£ǷݷЧ
ѾأڶͶغȵ
ֹһͻЦʱΪβ֪ߣƵù
ڶͶȴһɫѵʱش׼˻λȨ֮棬µĳŵ
һֹͻһ䣬һŵĿ˵ڶͶһۣѵѵҵˣ
ҵµĿԹľߵ飿
ͶЦΪأ
̫ˣܵģֹ¶һ˿Цݣϣȴ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ЦǱܵΪˣȻΪҶˡ
ģôҶ׼ְλ¾޷˳ˡ
ֵ꣬Աѩ̤Ƶأ򣬹򲻸ˣҵһɹ۷ս顣
յʱĳŵ֮У˭ҵΪ׾ߵ鹩ô˭ְ֮λûɣڶ˵Ͷʵ
ȷˣ
ֹ͵һӦ£ҲĴϲ£Ӧ֪ͨ׼ǣ鹩һ¡
ˣ
ʱĵڶͶһüʱѾ֪˰ش׼Űش׼ռڸ·ϡ
٣ҴΪɾֲֵͷˡ
Ҹ˵Ҹ£ڣɲˣġ
ڶͶ۾һɣʱú߱͡
˵ͶҲûţʱŵĳΧ˾ŭ
ּʱֹͣҴѡλ콫Щȫȥ
ˣ׼λְҪһзΡǡƷһСǵԴ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ΪֹҶҲֻⳤֹλִ֮˸š
Ϊ֮λ
˵ףΪ档
֮ǰ֮λʵȨȴһֱɰͶͶֵգǰֹΡ
֮λȨóֹȥ˴롣
֮Уʽ΢ӦòԴʣȴһ١
ǣɺȥ
ȻͶвǰǼλ¼ûӵ˼ǵðͶȻŭ
Ͷŭ֮ʣԶشͨ
׼
ͨԶԶϰλ°ɫ˾¼ͷͦγһͨ
һ۷ϯռ˾⼸λռ˾룬գʱͱ쳣
׼ոţ˲ΰݹ󣬾ʱ⡣
͵˵ҵΪǿսǰ
Ͷ˵ͷش׼ˡ
ͶϹ⻪һһɢϢĸߴɵʯ񣬾ͳ֮С
ʯֵɲǣսʯ񣬹⻪ʱһ֡
׼ȴǱ۾ϸӦ
۷ս飬ӦûӦϹػսɣ
ƫػһĵǿߣҲֵ̣ܵ棬Щˡ
׼ʥͶ͵ͷ
ػսļ˾ȴǲΪϵ沢̫󡣡һ˵
ʱĵڶȨͨɳʳǶһڼ˾ϵΪ;ͻƣġ
ˣ׼ɻǵ֮ǰֹһԼ
Լ׼һ벻ı顣
ʵôǸԼڰ࿴ں£ɳֹƿأʵѡ
ʱȨԼλ֮УպܹҵΪߵս鹩ô˭ͿλڶȨͨЦе˵
ޣǣͶµս飬ʵǳޡ
ԼϾԼϾǷڶȨͨһΣֱҶ˴׼Ļ
״ڶͶϲųֹһĵ⣬˾֮£֮λѾǰ϶ˡ
ǿһԾŶһ֮ڵߡ
ֹΣҶǸһЦҶ磬ǸˣһΣֿܸһ֮λ
˰˸ŵҶųֹҡҡͷְλ⣬ȴԸ⿴ֹί
һɲǣҶһ̤˴׼࣬ش׼˵
Ҷ˵꣬ͶͶŭ쳹󵨣ס죩ڣ㿪ڵĵط


1691 ˯Ϣ
󵨣ס죩ڣ㿪ڵĵطڶͶͶͬʱҶŭ߳
ǿͶλ֮λôҶ޻̸֮
ûְ˾ҶΪǼ㲻ϣֻǲĵ͵ռ˾
һССռ˾˵׼ԻվʸûС
ŭ֮߳࣬ͶֱˣҶ棬Ҹϳȥ
ͶȫµΪߵս飬ʶ֮λѳɶ֡
԰ͶһʱǼޱҶ棬˼ײҪҶȥ
ֹһȴҶֹˡ
뿪ҽҪǲȥأҶһơ
ٺ٣
ͶЦҰˣûһͶͺȵϳȥ
ǰǼ̽磬Ҷı۰
ҶȴûκҪܵ˼ֻ΢΢۷°ڣ¶һɫΣ
ǱģǶʮǰҶڴǬܴ͵Ĵ߼峼
ĹԱǶݵλﵽһ߶ȵĴڣڲŷɥѲ˾ؼ඼ʡ
ҪǣΪܵĻܵľԳϵȴֻӰ죡
ɲǣҶǼһ䣬͵ͣ֡
ĹԱɲܹõġ
ͶҲҶݣȻĸ߹ô
ôһλĸ߹٣Ҳǿġ
Ͷ˲ϢޱȣʲôˣޱɣҲˣҸϳȥһкɱе
ǼڰͶ֧£ٴֵʱҶĿȴ˴׼ࡣ
ش׼ҪСӱϳȥſģҪƵѲ˾ΪУϲ⣿
ҶЦеģȴޱȳŰͶѲڶ·Ѳʹơ
úһҡֵλǼұ䡣
Ѳ˾ȻܲͶǼϣȴԹܵǵļŮ׾ϡ
Ѳ˾ɲǸǵġ
Ͷ𾪵ģȴҶԴ׼˵
˵ʵѰս飬ԶأԴܳñ仯飬治
СӰǶͣˣŻǡ
ϯռ˾ָҶЦһ䣬ˣȥɣҶѲʹȻǲǼƽϵġ
Ǽʱɴ⣬ɿ¡
񲻾ɨһ۰ͶȻٴЦеĶҶ˵ͶѰµսйԣǵˡ
ҪŪְ֮һ棬ôϷ߸֧õҴһְһһ
׼⻰˵ͶֺҶŻûʲôͶڶڣǺĵ亹乶¡
߸֧õҴҶʲô
ڣķֵû֮һҴ漰޴Ȩ档
˵Щ¼˾͹ķֵҴҪˡ
׼࣬ȴҶ
Ͷͷһ£ͳһ
Ҷ棬Ǻ
£ҲЩڣڶȨͨɵĿʱĿ˹ðͶͷΪ֮һס
׼λߣ֮ڲϵӣҲδ׼һ˵˾ġ
ڵڶȨͨһɵˡ
еڶȨ֧֣ͨ׼Ҳܽô

Ҷ԰΢΢һЦҡͷϵ⣬ˣҽ컹Ϳλӡ
ְλҲңҲ
ҽ컹ľˣ
һ׼ҲЩȻҶ⻰ɾ˵ЩԵˡ
¸Ҵһְ׼Ҳ޷Ԥࡣ
λİͶһ⻰ͱŭˣߣҪûҵͬ⣬֮λ
ڶȨͨ۾һУдɭɭʹ𣬡ҶձǲҲԹ󣬸Ѳ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹҲȨ
ڲְ˾˿Ըŵġ
˵һССȲǴ˾Ԥǰ˴ˣҪǿ֮λҲ޿ܣ
ҶĿ⣬ӭ˵ڶȨͨĿ⣬Ѷȣҽô֮λأ
ͬ⣬֮λԴš¸㵱ߣͶһĲš
Ҵ֮λѡǴ׼࣬ҲȨֱ
Ͳˣûͬ⣬Ҷ֮λ
һԵĳֹ֮ʣȴǳ˼˽Ҷ棬޵ķʸֻһʱҲҶŴ
ҶĿע£ڶȨͨɺٺЦҪ֮λϷԴҲš㵱Σ
仰͸¶ͨͶľţǻ˼·γڶȨͨɽƻأ
ѹʲôʵԵټ
ҶˣѵƾһϷԣڶȨͨͶšԴ
ǵԴߣһûǸã
ҶĿⶸתڶ󸱵Ͷ͸֮λҪػսĴʹ֮λҲң
ػսĴʹ֮λͶЩԥˡ
սĴʹȴֲһҪ𣬻ǽõһ
ػս˵ҶΪ֮ͨۺٻ
ûм̳£ٻػսӳֻȫʵɡ
ҶΪػսĴʹôۺʱεأҶ涼̵ʱٻػսӳٻػսӳҲػսİ˳ʵ
м̳ĵطֻҪгļƷֱٻȫ״̬ػսΪҶս
ԣĹսꡢսȵȣʹ֮λǳҪ
ߴʹ˾ڣųȻĵλ
ͶҲ˲ԥ
ǧѰػս飬ͬʱõĴط֮ͨȻΪػսĴʹҲȹ֮λ
ô͵ǲˣ
͵ǾģҶĳһܹ֮λ
˵͵ǴҪҶĳˣ
죬㣿ҶＤŭİͶʱ
ʹʹʹܵűǿ֮λ͸ػսĴʹͨطΣͶһڴӦ
һԵĵڶȨͨ΢ֹͶջûпڡ
ԵڶȨͨɵܿҶڼͼıͶҵػսĴʹ֮λ
Ҳ벻ףҶ浽ģܹǿ֮λأ
ãҶĳش׼֤ΣҶŰ๰Ц
˵ͷԣǵԼϷѾˣҲˡ
£Ͷɫˣû뵽Ҷͨ׼һ仰ͽ¸ˡ
׼һڣҲûκηڵء
ߣͲˣûҵͬ⣬ǿ֮λͶˣһСµʱǿǰ
ͬһ˲䣬ǰ໹ǵڶȨͨɣֻǳֹͶͶֵܣ¼ǼĿ⿴Ҷ棬һĺ档
ʴ׼ǰһʱԼЧɣҶŰʵ
ȻЧλ˭ܹҵΪߵս񣬹֮У˭Ϳɻ֮λ׼϶
Ǿͺá
ҶȴֽĿת˳ֹ΢΢ֵˣ֮ǰ㽻£ѰսԱ㹩ʵ
ֹһûиҶ¹£ᶼûҶ
˵ǰҶ治
ֹѩʱ㻹֪Ҷĵ״ʲô⣬Ҷȥȴ˳
ޣѰ񣿡ֹ˳ʵ
ûѰڣ˽˵ţҶһöָ
ǡ
ӹָֹɻŽУһۣͱޱȣǲ˼֮ɫ
ѯʵĿ⣬Ҷ棬ߵıҪó𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷ˳ֹ϶Ĵ𰸡
һ£ֹĿ⿴˰࣬ش׼Ѱµս飬񡣡
ǾóϷ򿴿ƷΣһĺ档
ǰ࣬ڶȨͨɣͶһľ棬֪Ҷҵʲôս顣
ڰͶɫʱѾ÷ѿѾҶĴ㡣
Ҷпܣ
λ뿴
ֹһһźӰʱͳռ̼֮ܵ£ռ俪ʼɱɱӡ
Ϣ֮󣬸ߴǧɡɢʮϢʥ壬ͳ֮С
ֵɲǣǴ׼࣬ǵڶȨͨɣʥϢˡ
⡭⡭ߣȻλսϢͨһ𾪣ʱȻ˲ʲôִˣעȫʥռ
׼Ŀ·ҪǶʥһ㣬һ߿һҡͷߣɲλսϢһλ˯Ϣ
ʲô
񣿡
ֹڶȨͨһ𾪣ڶͶֵܣϵѪɫ˲ȥޱȵѿ


1692 Ըȥ
񣿡
ڶȨͨһ𣬲ɫޱѿİͶֵܣ˫ĿϸӦֹոշų塣
Ϣ֮󣬵ڶȨͨɵϣ͸һ˿ϲһλ񣬵ƹأ˯޷ȷ֪컯˵һƷ
⣬սλֻһλ״̬λս飬Ҳ˳˯״̬
ͨѪЩսƻָ׼Ҳϲá
λ񷢻ӳսҪʱ䣬λ˳˯УֻҪļ˾ǰطͨԺ
ôӽ˾ǵʵԻͻͽ
֮򣬾Ѫ֮ò˶ãʵͻἷǰʮ֮С
ʱգʵǰ֮УҲпܵġ
һͶֵܣǰͶɫͱòȻޱȡ
׼仰ѾȷҶսƷԶػս顣
ôԼֹͿʽλ֮λ
ʧȥλĿܣͬʱշŵԼػսĴʹ֮λҲͳ
ػսĴʹ֮λУٲҲһϯ֮ء
ʹ֮λҲˣĵλˡ
ֱѪǣػս飬Ա̤ѩǧѰġ
Ϊ˻ⷽϢ鱨ֵڣǻ˵ṩǵƷʯͳ顣
һУΪ˻õ֮λ
ֻҪõһ֮λһͶʶֵõġ
ڣһȫˮƯ
Ͷ֪ȫ֧游ͼˡ
ʱѾڵĳӶˡ
֪ˣҶʲô
Ϳǳ˯壬ѹҶģ볤ֹϵ
һҶΣ
ֻҪôһ֮λܷȥȨ
Ǹڰ
ֱ޲ʱ⵹
ΨһģǼеĵڶȨͨˡ
׼Բ飡պǰڶȨͨҲ˫
ϷûиӦĻ֮Ψһһλ״̬ս飬ӦŴ֮һҰɣͨɶĿҶʵ
ҶһⶼܸӦǰϼһ治򵥡
ڵ壬Ϲʱ塣
Ϲ֮ʱһͳʢʼ̻ںϣǵʱ˿Ⱥռ°һɵ壬ȴϽ̻ܽںϰ塣
̻ںϣʢչһǧֻԼйԭʼķʽ
Ȼ˵ǱԼȺںϵĸҲԽԽ󣬽ı˳Ϊ塣
ԵȵʵҲı˱ɱĶսʽ΢

ʱĴ׼˵Ϲ֮ʱмΪ࣬ޱȵйֱɱ컯˵Ŀֲս
ڴϽɱ֮£λ࣬ջˣ
λ࣬ȴ˾Ÿˣ嵱ʱľŴ䣬֮еңŴ֮еĵλ
ܳսֲˣԽԽɢҲûϢ
ȫʢʱڣ컯˵ʵֱӺɱǿߵʵ
˵񣬾ͽƾңҲʵ쭵ǰʮҡ
Ԥ壬ʵ̤ǰֻʱ⡣ڶȨͨٴǿδԤڵʵ
ȷʵˣ׼˵ͷĴ£գӭ壬ͬʱĹӦӦ
ǣ
ڶȨͨ޳ɵޱȵĺ޳ɹ󣬻ȴһתδΪھصһ֧
׼£֮λǾҪؿˣ
һ׼΢΢һҶüëȴǶһڶȨͨɣҪʲô۶ˡ
δĸ֣ôĵͱһλΪгɵĵռסܽǱ׷ӳ׼˵أֱͨʵ
׼üëһ壬ûǣ֮ǰѾˡ
Ȱ˵꣬ҶͻȻӳֹӹָһͽǰʥֱս˴ָȻųֹ־ߡ
֣֮λǲϡԸȥߣ
ʱȫס


1693 
Ҷųֹһߣڳ¼ǼҶϵľٶˡ
׼뼸λȨҲûϵҶ澹Ȼôһ
ֱӸ׳н
ڳģĸˣ˭׵ڶȨͨɷǷ˼
ҲǰѲ۾˾˲Ϊֿȵķֵ˻ժӷֺôˡ
ԭӦԵķʮ֣Ҷ棬ȴѡҲһ֡
£ʱõڶȨͨɵЩҲסˡ
ҲʲôֻҪ۶ѣ׼Ҳܿȫռ˺ôػǮ֮ôҲֵܷһȨô
Ҷȴڴֱ²̨
һʱͱɭޱȡ
ƫƫʱҶߣֹ˵ķӦȴǻδ
ֱųֹߵҶ棬ѹûֹ֣ʱѾ˺ƣޱȡ
ǰҶ볤ֹҲйżĽӴֹҶǣ֣ǵһΡ
ʱ˵Ҷųֹߣ뿪ǷƳֹ޷˵ĸҶ
ֹʱֻһٳһ㡣
ۣϢͱڶȨͨɵһ߸ʵ
վס
ڶȨͨһ࣬˳ֹҶǰǰִһϢͷ·ɽһҶǰ
׼һȴûֹڶȨ֣֮ͨʲô
ͨϢһ裬Ҷ۾һУзΣյĹ⻪
Ҷڳ¼Ǽģȴǳֹ̬ȡ
ͨɸո¶ˣֹϢرĺɫ㷢޷Զ㷢Уڻζ
Ҫ뿪ҿ˭ֹ߳һҶһ΢΢һһΣֹҶˡ
һĻ׼䡣
ڶȨͨɵѿû뵽ҶĹңڣû뵽ֹȻҲ˵ļ
һӶȨ˵ó˹ѹ
ͨɺڽⳡִ·磬ڵһشĴ
ԺѹֹǾ͸ˡ
ңֹȻ󣬵ҪѹסڶȨûܡ
뿪Ϸ򲻻ţҪ߳ĴţȴҪŵ£
˹¹˥ɲڶȨͨһԴǣ
ǱĶ͸ͲѲɣͨȨҪǿɣֹһЦ
㹫ô˵Ϸ׼һ壬¹˥ǹɲ
ʱ˺ĵڶȨͨȴһɣϢ񣬴Ҷ볤ֹ˸ǿ뿪͸ҵֵ˼
㡭ֹϣظһɷϰѾʼڳֹ㷢и֡
ֹΪ֧Ҷ棬ȻϧڶȨͨɵ֣
һԵĴ׼Ҳˣɲ鷢ֹҶͻȻ˶
Ҷסֵֹһͽֹ󣬳ֹҲǼΪ˳ӱҶ
֣ŸⲻҪļһﶯ֣Ҫ˿ˣǿɾͿˣǲҪʥ𣬸Ǳǡ
˵ţҶ־ͽװʥĴָӸ˴׼ࡣ
¼ǼٴһҶ֮٣ƵƵĳǵϣҪ֮Ȼ׵ľ˳ȥ
ǣֹȻһҲԡ
֪ʱĳֹ͸Ĩһ㣬֪Ҷ淽ŲǿĹҲ˳һ˵ޱȵۡ
˵һʥ壬ǹ֮λҶҪͣҲκεԥ
ҶɲֽŪı˵ļһ
Ȼʥ壬Ҷ½ʱûжٲۡ
ش׼ʥ尡պã
һδҲ֪Ĺս飬ֻط׼ͨǵϿ֮󣬲ܹĹǵָ㡢ӻǵ
֪ģս飬ǱȽϹִģûӦط׼ͨǾ޷ǵĹġҶ桮⡯ѵ
ԣڶȨͨһһ㣬ѣǹͨսڡ
ûطҲطǿеĹͨս顣
ܵ¼Ǽ˵ͷһ㣬ڶȨͨɻû˵ȷʵǿйͨսط
ֻҪܹͨǾͺð죬ųɾŵĹս飬ݷںѪƷ֮¡
ҲǣҾͲˣ֣ߣһֹҶ澹ȻĴųֹȥ
״ڶȨͨŵϸһ˿ϲ⣬ʥ壬ǿģĹأߵȨôͨɵ֣ٿռȥɡ
ģŻɴ׼ȨƾϷ֡
˰İͶֵܣҲһ
ֻҪֹû֮λô֮ǰҶйػս鴫ʹĶԼֵܾͲ䡣
ֵĿ๦ͽǧƷʯĺͶ룬ͲˮƯ
ңʥפΪǣȨʵ룬ԻˮǴߡ
ɾͨͶֵܷɸ˵ʱųֹͿ߳ŵҶ棬ͻȻͷ˵һ䡣
ˣش׼˸ǣڴ֮ǰ볤֣Ѿ˫˫ΪʥĴʹ
˵ţҶһӡش׼дָеʥ壬Ȼһ;׵ļǴָζѡ
Ѿ˴ʹش׼һ
ڶȨͨɵɫϲת࣬ͶֵڣǴ۷һ㣬ɫ˵жྫʾжྫʣ
Ҷ볤ֹߣش׼ȴǼˡ

ǶѾʥĴʹˣʲôߣȵ
ǣҶ볤ֹʱûһ㣬Ǿֱߡ
龰Ĵ׼ֱŰ
ţֻ뿴Ҷ볤ֹ׵˺̶ֳȣĿһϷû뵽ҶСӣ͸Ҹ˦ӡ
£׼ζŵҶСӣϽϷŲϷĴȣ
Ҷ볤ֹȴͷҲص̤Ѿڿն׼뿪ˡ
Σ׼೤̾һðɣϷǣϷǱ֤֮λضڳ֣
ضڳ֡һոڿնҶų⹫һתӷ˴׼ڶȨͨǰ
Ǳ֤Լ
֮ǰԼ˭ҵƷ׾ǿĹս飬˭Ҷǿ
ԣ׼ֻпЦãԼԼ
ҶȴǱһЦүǵģһԾŶ˵㻰ԶŲҪǰɣ
Ҷ⻰ǳŴ׼˵ģȴȫǳŵڶȨͨȥġ
ĵڶȨͨɫ
һһŭ壬ƾʧ뿪


1694 һ
ŵڶȨ֮ͨ·߶뿪ʹ֮λѾٷְǳֹˡ
ڶȨͨη߶뿪ؼԭ򣬻ΪҶѾΪʥĴʹ
ʹ֮λڹĹսꡢսǼؼģҲԽùսĹؼ
Ϊʹ֮󣬴ʹʱصôطͨ˯Ĺսս飬Ҷ淽һ㡣
ս飬ʵһ临ӵ顣
˵ĸֱһ㣬ֹһףʹен顣
ܹĹսεн顣
˾ÿ϶Ѫ϶ӳ֣ô飬Ӧý¶ٵĸ
ǿĹֱ¼˾
Щ飬Ҫʹ
ҪǣÿһϵĹսĹͨطΪʹطͬ
ѰûйͨطĹս飬ǻϾѰ
ȻǿᣬҲûк֣ҲмϹط䣬ǿЩս鶩´ʹֶΡ
ǣһŰֽϻףѾлֽٻһǿɾǧˡ
ǿЧҲǲǿ⡣
ҶȻѾʥλսĴʹǻϾ൱ľѳˡ
Ȼ򵥵ķɱҶεĴʹϹط䣬Щս鶩µĴʹ
ǣһ棬ҲܸɱҶ档
˵ҶĿǰĹؼλгΪܳһģɱˣԻٳǡ
οֹڲ࣬Ҷɱģ
ֹǷϴ˲ƵĴۣųɹ
ɱҶ棬Ǿ͵ǽֹƳ
ߣҶѾǰʥһλλսĴʹʥڲ࣬ɱҶ棬ҲҪޱȲʹĴۡ
ʹǿǿȼԼľѪԪ飬ԼĹս飬Ϊͬ˲Ϣ䱬һ̶ȵʵ
Կڵء
ڶȨͨɸҶѾΪʹô׼࣬ǾԲٱҶġ
ԣŸɴ뿪꣡
ǳ־λڵһս飬ʱݵأķǷ棬ҲҪһʱ׼
ԣգҶѲʹǾĺͳִߴһ𣬶֮ͨеĹս顣
׼ôţʵҶ볤Ҳһֱ
һҲͰ෴鱨棬Ǿ͸ɸһ㣬ܺ͸͸޿ײ롣
ôõһλλս鹩飬ʱѾ
λս黹˵һλǿɾ˲ˣͻһսʵʵķԾ
ȻȻģ˷Ķ
ʵ׳ġ
˵ʲô˾ٶ
Ȼ˵ǵ۶ڰӣǱﶼࡣ
Ҷְţû顣
һʱģȫʵ֮ϣǱ޼죬Ҳǲġ
볤ֹ̽һսһ¡
׼찲ţ֮ڽұ뾡ϻطأšҶ˵
֮ڣ
׼ʱ뵽ҶѲϴǧ֮飬֮ڣʼ¡ƤʥּҶġ
֮ڣѲöԵڶ·Ѳʹκε
֮Ǿ˵ˣ֮£ʲôûмԣҲصĵ˵ͷ
֪ͨλȨ֮ڣ׼£Ըһ䣬ʹһ¼뿪
һԵİͶֵܼ״ҲһԵŴ׼һ˵ߡ
ţش׼Ӧҵ飬ûأҶ
һ˲ϢӳĴ׼ӻԭء
кδ죿
Ҷش𣬽˳ҶĿ⿴һۣ׼֪Ҷָʲôˡ
Ŀתȥɲǣ͵͵뿪İͶͶֵܣʱ׹ѣ
һУ֮ǰԼɣ
˵ôһ䣬׼ﱧҲߣĵȴġ
ǣͶֵܵɫȴǰˣûֶΣܳΪĴ׼
ԣʹ֣Ͷֵܻǽһöָ
ָһƺµľʯɢż˿µϢ
ͨطأ
ӹָ֮Ҷʵ
Ͷֵһֺ޲ҶĿ⣬ĶҶ棬ȻεĽһ
Ҷ濴ͶֵУǰͶУѾ˿˿Ѫ¡
ͶǸʹ
⣬׼ȴЩĵĽӹ˹ͨطԼް󣬲ŽҶ档
콫ػս鹩ɣ£ֱɡͶͶȫϵ£¶ˣߣ
һ֮󣬴׼ʱԶȥʧ
׼ྯͶͶֵվһ亹
˴׼ľ棬λٲʣʱҲ£ڣȴǷΣɴųָ뿪ҲǷҶ볤֡
˶ֹٲҶʥ
Ҷ沢Ըƭֹ£ϵش󣬲ԡ
ҵǳֹҲƽ⣬Ҷϵɫûٶ׷ʡ
ʵйʥʱҶһֱûкʵĽ
ʥҵսҶǼʶģһΪ׼ΪͣѪ̺ľѪ̫٣ֻӳɵս
׼ԣеÿһλ۷ʱڣش컯˵ʵ
ҶԴӳΪʥĴʹ֮Ȼ֪ҵǿսжǿ֪սҶԿǿߣûκ⡣
ǣǴʹڲȼԼľѪԪƴֶ£ҪսΪԼսҲҪдľѪ׼ĸľѪ׼
浽սʱǹؼʱ̣ҶʱоѪ׼ǰ׼ҲǼΪ鷳
ǣǽʥ幩֮УҶΪʹгΪ
ôһҶҪս֮ҶͿнãѪ׼º׼
ңרžǸµģľѪʢǿޣǧơ
ݳֹԣڻĵ׼Ѫ޵ͨ壬ߴʮͷϡ
һǡþͽҶ治ܾѪ׼޷ʥս⡣
ңĹʥڵĹսٵĻָۣպҶԽõҲԽԽǿ
£Ҷ潫ʥó͸ֹһҶԼ鷳ָֹ֮λ
һãֶΪأ


1695 ֪ᶥ
أػʳλһߣλϷڣһģƴļڽС
ⳡģ֮ƴ󣬾ʼ¡λǰ
λӣֱǴӼĻӼԨ߻Ӽأͬʱʼ¡֮
ʵ˼һ£ѾˮɣֻһҶҲûжϵˡ
ΪֹҶȻⳡǣȴڳ
ڳҲϼ˾ָ£ľżһ㣬Ŵ׼໹гֹˣǷϵʽ
ҶͷʹǣʽҪճ֮ʣе졢췱ǵʱ
϶Ȥļ䣬ҶλӣȴӵĸȤ
Ҷ֮ǰɵս϶һΪõֺ̫ǰѰҶ棬ҪҶΪҵЧ
͸¶ӣǿʥʺͰ˴һܻʥү
ʱҶ֪ܵĶ֮ѾĻ
ʱ䣬Ҳˡ
ʼ¡Ѿλ߰꣬˰꣬ܵÿһλʵۣ˴ܵĿʼ͸桢̫֮⣬һλܻʵ۵Ԫǧꡣ
Щǿ߶ǧԪ컯ĴΪλԪȽϣʥӵԪֱٵĿ
ȴܸı䡣
ҪܻĴйء
ܹˣ뼧¡һ壬ʼ桢桢̫ΪˣѴ컯֮
֮Ϊʹܹ˲ҲΪѹˣǵľΪ֮䣬֮
֮УΪ֪һǷ֮ˣܿԪ
֪ԪֻǴܵĵһ֮ķѣܵĵһ֮˵ʱغ͵ɽӱ仯
һ鱦ֻӵдܻѪ̳дܻλ֮ˣſԼ̳С
ڶ֮ǬˣͬΪѹܹ֮Ҳһ鱦ޱȣܹӳܸǷǷĪ⡣
ǰ֮Ϊ֪֮Ͳôˡ
˵һǽǹҲпǵ
Ȼԣ֮鱦Ҿԣǰ֮֮ϡ
Ȼ˴δ֮ǴҵУλվɲһΣкüΣ¶Ŀܡ
ÿһΣ֮
Ϊʲôû˼֮أ
Ϊ֮ˣˡ
ѹܹˣܹˣȻ
ǣƺʹ߶֮Ŀʼ桢桢̫棬ÿһλǹ컯ˡ
ǵΪʵƿѹܹˣȻǺ⡣
ǣÿһλǾž޵ţǵĺ󱲣ţҲ޷뿪ȼ硣
ûпļԵ
ԣԿ֮ÿһλʵۣûһ˵ΪܹͻƵ컯֮
ܸĺĵر֮طͨ࣬ҲֻܽÿһλʥӵΪǿƵ
֮󣬾ҪÿһλԼԵˡ
Ϊ޷ﵽĳ̶ȣҪƿƳʲôƿأ
ѪƵԭֻܵʥִơ
ΪȡľÿһλʥӵľѪԴ֮൱ÿһλʥÿ춼ڱȡѪԴ֮
Ԫܹ˲Ź֡
ɾÿһλʥӶʥ֮λôܻ壬֮͡
ЩԵΪ͵ĴʥΪѪԴ֮ȡȣеʱꡣ
ĳһӣȴǳصѪо֮£оһܼջѪΪÿһ֮
ͨĳصѪطȡľѪԴеһ֣ôܼջжͬе
ôôÿһӵԪӣɴǧ꣬ͬʱȴһӵĺ
ôܵļջԱȵΪͻƵ컯
Ȼ󣬾ͳǰ
ܵÿһӣԪǧλʱһ굽߰˰겻ȡ
ĴʥӼ¡ٰ˰ʮ꣬λ߰꣬ѾǸˣȻ˵ǧ֮ޣҲһܹǧꡣ
ԣʼ¡һٶɻǶ֮£Ѿʼ̫֮λҲʼı
֮λޱȵҪ
ڰǰʼ¡˴ϵķΧ
һϣӶӵķַλͿԿó
ʼ¡һлʮλʮλѴͷ
ʮλ֮Уʮһλͷʵ֮
ӣͷ㶼볯£ЩµĻӡ
Ψ챻ĴӼĻӼԨ߻Ӽˣͷ
ϣҰ⣬λӳΪĺߡ
Ӽ񣬱вܣļѣ񷨣ΪĿܼ
ĻӼԨǵճӣ񷨣Ҳ֮УǵճӣԺҲǼߡ
߻Ӽأʼ¡ĵմӣڴܳҰ㲥ü߻Ӽƹ㣬Ͱţ֮ƣ֧߼ࡣ
ܵӶһ£Ӧþλ֮нС
ֻҶ治֪ǸֺĴ̫ãλ֮һλ£
ҶȻ֪մĻѾҶѹһС
ûʩչĵطܲϾԲϡ
޶żߵļڼԶ֮ħʥǺʥɽϵħڣҲڽһģƴʢ¡
Ŀȥ˵ħڣʥڳħʹܱ⣬ǳ쵫㶼ʢװĸɫħ塣
˶쳤ŲӼħ񹬵ķ򣬾˵Ǳ֪ħʦһۣҲõϵף
ʥڽȫƳħ񹬵飬пܷ
ͷϷȴħ񹬵ǰľ޴㳡ϡ
ħĸ壬սħһ峤Ͼ㶼ʢװڴˣλ֪ħʦ
ţħ¡ŭʹħʦ⣬Ҳڴ˴ڴ˴ˣħĿеӢۡ
˵ڽ֮ǰħŮļ壬ѾףЩ壬ֻ޽ȥС֮λҲԵġ
ԭܼ򵥡
ǰħӢһµ׳١
£Ѿ֤ʵ鱨˵չж
ħϣ£Ѿ˾֪
ħս߷սͿ˵ʮʮһ֣ԣЩĴ£λµħ꣬ѾΪħĽħӢۡ
λµħֱ꣬ǳħһ⡢˹ֵܣţħһ¡ŭţֵܣԼֵµĻħߣħ˧
Ϊʲôħ壬λأ
ţħ¡ŭʹħʦйϵ
λڸԵļ֮Уλô
ľ£ûޣûйʵ֤£Ǻѻõĺôġ
Եļ彻֮󣬼ΪȡôǣݷµϣٸԼϼһĳԱ
Ҳ֪ݷµǱļħġ
˵ʵǸĻħ壬ټһ£ȷʵһܹġ
ţħ¡ŭţħһУгŸɵţħ¡ŭǵĵϵѪ뷨
Ͼô̫ˣ
ϧħߵĴħϣϣʵǷȴ˼
ţħ¡ŭħʦʻħߵ䣬˻ش򵥡
ħǵħ֮棬˾й¶ݵĶġ
ңħѯʱҲش
ң£Ǽٵģ
Ϊ֮ǰ¡ŭ͵ħ棬Ѫģй¶ħߵݡ
Ȼԣµģû˱ǣֻΪ
ɺϵǣΪħһ˥Ѿãܾúܾûгֹħˡ
ٳһλħߣԻıе档
УλħǻĪΣա
ôħ߿٣ˡ
ԣ֪ħ˧Ӽֻˡ
ʱ֮ʱħ񹬵ĴͻȻ䶴һ͵̫شħڻɳ
û˵ĸоǸӰһů̫ɢ⣬䵽ʥɽʥǵÿһ䣬ÿһϣÿһħ壬ĵ׶Īİ
֪ħʦ
֪ħʦ

һ˸߹һ˵Ļ쳹¡ŭˣҲܵ˸Ⱦ˻
ãǸ·̫һӰ˫֣̼ʧ
ֳӢһ֮һ£ϷϲԵ֣ʶӾһӢķʣ͵ֱÿһ˵
һɲǣţħ¡ŭһǰȥ֪ħʦƭ֪ħʦĳ嶯
ҿ˶֪ħʦǿֲӰ׼͵һҧ⣬˹
λħߡħ˧û𣿡ʹĿһɨ֪ħʦϣЩʧ
ʵ˴γأȫΪ׳٣Ϊ˵һλħߵĴ´ɵġ
ųء
ħߣǸʱӽĴ֮һ
֪ħʦҵѾ£˵֪ħʦԽӼǡǰػһλħ񹬴һΡ
ߣ̫̫
һߣεħ񹬴֪ħʦϣһһͿԽ˴ħʦǰ
ݷһѵģϣĿƵĿһ䡣
֪ħʦǻħħ˧ʩչطݷڵʵٶȴ½ҵֵȺ
ϣԺħ˧ҲܻȺһһһɲǣ֪ħʦϣĿ⣬ΪǱˡ
һɲǣ֪ħʦϣƾḧͷҵĺӣħᱣġ
У֪ħʦϣĦУħʦ϶ر˴ĿֹĽ⣬ͺëۿɼٶȷ
һöСɵӡǣʼɿĶͷ֣һĻΧڶħĽޱȵͬʱҲôħʦĻ£Ĳ
ħһ壬ħ֮Уڻһˣħ֮Уλĸߣǣħһ֮Уиĵħ塣
֮ǰμϵ˹ħһĺĻ塣
ǶͷӡγɣŴħʦ⣬ӽҲΪħһ֮кĻԱ
Ӧ˵ħʦ⡣
˲Ϣ䣬ħʦϢѾ˲ϢԽܾõ۷ıݣΪɲǼͻƵ˽
һء
ء
ء
ͻֱ֮ӽħʦΪһԵ˽أŰݡ
ͬʱڵģкսȵȡ
ףһεͻƣһ֪ħʦ˳ͻһѣѾõǱ˳ǰ˰ѡ
ң֪ħʦᶥһ룬ţպٶȣԻޱȡ
̵ʱڽΪ۷塣
ڴħʦ⾪ϲޱȵĿУ֪ħʦ˹ţħ¡ŭ


1696 ţħ
ݷ֮սкն񣿡֪ħʦϣߵţħ¡ŭǰͰһͣУȴĳĹ⻪
֪ħʦսһնɱʦʮһλʦʮλʦдսȫħ˧츳ͨЭ
֪ħʦϣĿһɨţħ¡ŭ飬ر˷쳣ؿڣѿڶ
˵꣬ţħ¡ŭͽһöָ߾ٹͷ˫ַ֪ħʦϣ
ţħһ壬ռ׼֮ãʮһλʦ׼Ϊ׸֪ħʦ
״һԵħʦһţħ¡ŭߣûгκβӡ
֪ħʦɲǺúŪģ֪ħʦֱ͸֮һ˫֮ħΪЧ
ԣϣ֪ħʦ̫ˡ
ħҲ֪һЩŷ
Ҫƭ֪ħʦĴڣֻһǾƭԼ
ԼݷһУԸģǻ˭ƭأ
Щڣţħ¡ŭһϾҴ֮ԼԼǿݷ֮£Լġ
ֻԼˣƭˡ
ò˵ôЩЧġ
֪ħʦᶥʱȻҡջǳŹȥġ
£ĵţħ¡ŭ˳أƻó˿֤ʵսͷ
ʮһλʦͷģȻҶġ
Ҷݷ֮ʱɱʮʦʬɶҶء
Ϊʵ¡ŭݷ֮£Ҷ潫ЩʦͷôָװˣȻСͨѶŲ͸ˡ
ħȻսҲ˵˶ս˶ս
Ҫ鱨սĻһսս鱨ɣû˻㡣
ڰһţ˵Ū˶ս浱ħ񹬵Ĺħʶɵӣ
ЩͷҶСŲһ͹ȥһЩ֤ͽɻ񣬲ʵµĹؼ
ݷʦ֮ͷ
֪ħʦϣ΢΢һһϲֽ̽ӹָһʮһͷͷ˰УһССͷ
ⲻص㣬صЩͷϲŽǿߵϢһԶԵϺŵݷʦĴ³ࡣ
֪ħʦնʮĸʦͷشϣʦʱĿڣҲһöָ
úúã
ʮʦͷħϿյͷ֮ʱ֪ħʦϣЦܱһڹǰӭ֪ħʦħʣħ峤еɻ֮ɫʹɢ
ʮΪϢǿʦͷü٣
ȷʵħˣЦţ֪ħʦϣĦţħ¡ŭͷ˲ϢĿĹ⻪ʹţħϱ
䣬ţħ¡ŭΪʹﵽ۷壬˳ͻƵڡ
һء
ء
ء
գţħ¡ŭΪͣ˽ڣ֪ħʦȻµĺս顢ţħ¡ŭԺУţħ¡ŭϢٴη仯Ȼޱȡ
ħʦһ㣬ţħ¡ŭδһʱ֮·̹;
֪ħʦϣĹᶥȴûнţħ¡ŭͷĦ
Ϣţħ¡ŭ岢ûʲô仯֪ħʦϣᶥʮϢ֮ţħ¡ŭͻȻǴһ
⿪ʼɽһķ𣬹ʼǵţţħ¡ŭϢۿɼıۻëҲ˼־
עĿǣȴţħ¡ŭͷһţǣȻĿʼ
ţħһ˿ʼ
ţħһ壬Գ֮ţǾͲκα仯
ţħһ֮УţѪߵ͵ֱ־
ۿɼģţħ¡ŭţǣԳһ֮ԭлҡơɫţǣȻ˰ɫɫɫ
ɫţǣ
ţħһеĵĻӵеġ
Ҳ˵һᣬţħ¡ŭѾΪţħһ֮һˡ
ȻѪ˵֪ħʦϣĴ衣
֪ħʦϣҲƾĳЩ
ֻţħ¡ŭڵѪǿڵԶѪ¼ˡ
ûнţħ¡ŭļСɽһ֮ǰࡣ
Ҳڴʱ֪ħʦϣ֪еĵ˵ͷţħ¡ŭͷϵ֣ĳ롣
뿪ɲǣţħ¡ŭȴȫѪɫ
_
һ_ţħ¡ŭǾ޴ȭͷ͵ȭء
¡¡
󷨼ӳֵħ񹬴㳡Ȼ
Ҫ֪ħ񹬴㳡ļӳ֣˵ǽǵǿߣҲ޷ֺ
ڡ
˶ޱ֮ʣ֪ħʦϣĿҲ¶˾֮ɫȻϷ򼤻ԶŴţħ
У֪ħʦϣţħ¡ŭһֵֻӽ𣬱֪ħʦţħ֮ţ


1697 ֮
ţħ
ţħ
ţħ
֪ħʦϣʥɽ쳹ûпһĻħ壬ȵź
ħʦҲĽ֮ɫ֪ħʦͷţħ֮ţôֱ޷ݡ
ǻݱ־
պţħ¡ŭħʻħҪ֮ǰʾ֪ħʦϣܼá
ļʶԼҲˣӦǷŵĹᶥ֮ʱţħ¡ŭԵɺ֮£һţħһԶѪӦޱȡ
ˮһĻ쳹˰̣ŻͣϢ
֪ħʦϣ򻺻ߵһ˹ԣն񣿡
Ϊ֮ǰ˫Э飬Ҳλָ˾ſʦͷ˹ϡ
Ժٽ£
һ䣬֪ħʦϣͿʼ˹ᶥܱߵһħˣҲڴ
ܹᶥ˹ֱ֪ħʦϣĹᶥΪҲû̫
ֻǴӽ˽غڣĳ̶ȣѪҲûʲô仯
֪ħʦϣһλţħţĹᶥҲʼˡ
ҲȣҲͺ˹࣬˵Ǹţħ¡ŭȣǸȣԶˡ
ЩֻҪˣǶ֪ħʦϣ˵ʲô
ʮа˾ţ֪ħʦϣѾǸ˹ţħţ𣬲ûĲμݷ֮ս
ħһĻ壬ţħһĻ峤ϣһ㣬⡣
ǽ˹ţӲȥΪ֪ħʦϣᶥ
ǽ֪ħʦϣ֣֮һŨīزʵ
һ˹ţ𣬽̵ʱǸλƴȨ
Ψһǣţħ¡ŭĴţħķţǼֵʵ̫ˡ
֮ǰţħ¡ŭıȺһ£Щڡ
֮Ϸħϣ¥ڽգ峤ϳϣ⣬ħʱƼʮλǰ
˵Զ䣬֪ħʦϣξƾʧ
ͬʱħĸ߲ǣ׷׿ʼധѡ
֪ħʦϣأɣ֮С
ǰλħӢ˵֪ħʦϣӼˡ
֪ħʦϣĽħ񹬵̬ȣħʹҪбá
ħʵʹͣʵжѰġ
޷ǸݾʹͷأƸ֮⣬Ҫǣְϵ
ţħ¡ŭ´󹦵ħӢۣҪôõġ
ְֻħǱߣҪ飬ܹ׶¡
Ϊ֪ħʦϣصʢᣬħ񹬻׼˺öϷµħʹȵȣһһҪС
۽ĸ峤ϣȴǾʹɢȥţħ¡ŭħʦ⡣
ǵҲ꣬뿪֮󣬻Ҫܸﰲŵ칦ᣬӲġ
뿪֮ʣţħ¡ŭȴħʦһ괫úߵ¶һ˿Ȼ

ҶԣǣԽ󣬾Խһĥ
һ죬ֱ̫бֵˣⰡ⣬ȴһΰͶţɱ˷ŵһӣ̳ÿһ顣
һȥм仹Ѫˮ
ƫƫּ֮µ⣬ǵһ֣㰮ԣּ꣬˾¼ԡ
ǿʮⰡ
ҲЩ߳θ˵ãҪȻ˶Ҫ
Ҫģǰڳֹǰʮ⡣
ҶĿɿڴǣֹȻʮŵһǰѪˮгС飬ñҶ滹Ҫٶˡ
ģԽģͲˡ
Ҷ涨ģֹͻظҶ洫һ괫֪
ţ
ǼǵǷһٿ⣬һմţħؽԹֹ֡˵
Ҷ浱볤ֹħؽʱǱߵʳʵʣҵūӣζҲһ㡣
ҶЩ꣬һֱղô⿾⡢գǿˡ
Ҷ浱ÿÿпգһٺõģֹ
ʱֹһᣬҲҶмֻζ
û⣬ֻҪ㰮ԣû⡭
˵꣬Ҷ;Ĳףһ䣬ȴǡ
Ȼֹطһ˿Ρ
˵ģҿɼסˣ㱾ܰɡ
гɵĽǿߣһСԳһ磬ֻڼ뿪ʼ֮ǰʩڵĽƵ˿аˡֹ˵
ڵĽ磿
ҶһתۿȥֻЩ˾׼໹мλȨڣλӣǷǳɵǽѪˮгС飬ͽ
Ͷڶͽȥˡ
ֻҶһƵЩǼڷѾĹĶӣһʹࡣ
ҶǸư
֪˴𰸣ҲֻӲԣ
һԣֹŶһüͷҶ棬Ц绨
ǣֱǳŽ飬ûн
ֹиλʽҪ˾İݺأҲʽλ֮λ
ովλϾм˾Ҷǰͨӵǰصλ֮ϲ
Ҷüͷһ壬ûüǼ˾ѿ˵һͬϺģĻӵº߻ӵ¡
Щһ˾ȥ㽫λӵ͵ĺ£Ȼһһǣǵ⣬ˣȴϾҶ˵
һµļ˾ʱΪˣƺҶЩˡ
ʲô
ֹ߳ľǱľȥ
ǣϾȥؾ
ڣŵһ¼Ǽռ˾Ҷһۣ򣬸ĽҶӼǵԺڡ
Ҷλӵ˼ʵǣȻΪȡֹ֧֡
ҶĻؾǱʾĿǰԸϵе
֮ڽմ֮Ҿͻ뿪Ҷ˵
֮ڣ
ֹĵ˵ͷϵһ˿ʧпܣϣҶУߡ
Ҷ棬ΨһһˣҲΨһѣ
Ҷȴļ
Ϊ֮ԼԵʣѲЩķѣëë֮꣬ѹȫλֵѲҶ֮䣬չĶ
ͬһʱ̣Զ֮ʥǵһƹڣţħ¡ŭ֧ˣԻΪ۵ƫƧСƹڡ
кҪ£ħʦһ棬ǿżɽħ뿪ʱ¡ŭ괫ԼҪ̡
ž̳Ĺžƣ֮ȴ괫š
֣ҽ֪ħʦᶥ֮ͻȻ뵽һ⣬ǱҶһ£Ǹ֪֪ħʦ᲻ǴӴĿƣ


1698 δ
ˣ
ţħ¡ŭĻħʦĵһӦһˣ
û裡
ţħ¡ŭʮ侲룬ʱգҶ˵ǰ;ǺεȵԶ
ٹʮ꣬ħʹħڣ㶼ҵһϯ֮أ
е֮ڣҶ˳ΪħȨƵļλ֮һҲǲܣ
ǣҳΪħȨƵļλ֮һΣǵǸҶūĺк壿
չҶˡѾΪħµӢ֪ۡħʦֹᶥ͸ҸͷΪţħ
֪ħʦ̹ף֪ħʦҶϵĽƣΪԸ棬Ϊħ棬֪ħʦ뷽跨ΪҶ˽ơ
ôҶ˴ӽ󣬾ܹҶ棡
˵꣬ţħ¡ŭеĿ⿴⣬ϣ֧ͬ֡
飬˲Ϣñޱȡ
ҿǱ֮ͷԣ˵ţħһͷԼ򵥣֫ҿȷʵˣ
Ҳ룬ҽ֮˭ģ
ҲǸжҶҶ˻ҺǸҶ棬Ȼܹɾǣܹǣ
ֻҪνĻħֻ¶һݷ±ӰֻǼϽµ򣬾ѣȵ
ţħ¡ŭ˼˼Ϣ˵ͷҲд˿ܣǣֻҪǻ֪ħʦ֧֣Щ飬ѹͲʲô
֪ħʦ֧֣ӵģ֮ļҪŴ
û֪ħʦҲ޷ҶϵĽأȵ
һţħ¡ŭͷʱ亹⡭ⲻܰɣ֪ħʦӦдɣ
Ӧã
Լǰ;ȥģ
ҶȻҶƣǽЩҲ̫֮£ֻͨ籨Ŷѣ෴ģϷһлᣬͻȫǣ
ң֪ħʦ޷ҶϵĽƣôƵħ飬˱Ĩɱʲô³
Ȼ󣬿ܻǰһͷ߻ħɱȵȡҶˣʲôã
˵ˣ֪ħʦܹǽҶϵĽƣôҶ棬Ȼ֪
Щ͹ȥ鱨㶶§һ£㹻鷳ˣ
ңħʹħ񹬵ԣ㻹֪𣿡
ϴɱǧϷŹһ
һҿͨлпܱ˿ƻ߷Ǳ˿ƣһʱǻ뷨Ĩɱǡ
ֻ߻ʵƣƾͼƭˣ
ϧһдǽƣˣ
¡ŭˣ
ᶥţн켸칦ᣬ̫ԼˣԼħӢۣħ񹬲ô
ħҲ˳ƶΪѣĺʧò˰꣬ħ£ͻĸɸɾ
ң룬˭ģ㻹ΪħӢˣ
һϴðƻ
ʱ򣬾ħ񹬷氭ӲðƻԻϢ˼ʧ

ŭ߳統ͷһ㣬ţħ¡ŭѹͷ亹ȻȻ¡
ţħ¡ŭʱҲףǽõĺô̫̫˹ά뷨ͷʱ󺧡
һ㡭ԼԼһУ
ǣţħ¡ŭͷЩʡ
֣С֪ˡǣѵҶһӣ͸ǸҶΪūָʹ
񻹿ԣԺӸλţħ¡ŭٴʵ
ߣ㻹̫࣬ȴ̫ǳ
Ҷ˱Ͽūһ£лᣬһҪǣԲԼٽ֣֮¶ˡ
ֻܿԼѰط
Ϊﵽ֮ط˵ͻн֮˵
ֻҲ뿿Լ𡭡ţħ¡ŭЩʧǡ
ˣ£ͲҪˣסֻܿԼԺʲôɵ뷨ɱҲ
ԼҲܣɱң
˵仰ħʦȥ
ţħ¡ŭͷȳ֮£Ǵƶ˵һ㣬ع鷲Ҳʵ
ȻⲢħʦҶжҳϣж
ǳǣķǳ͸
ҶħڵλʵҶ֮ľ֪ħʦ̹׾ܹƲġ
֪ħʦϣһüĿģ֪꣬ħʦϣҲǴʬɽѪɱģɱ
Ҫɵʱüͷһ£

ҹҶյħʦⷢ
֮У֪ħʦϣᶥ͸һ£ţħ¡ŭΪѪţħһ£ûһ˿ģȫҶ˵һ顣
Ȼţħ¡ŭЩе뷨ȴһûᡣ
Ҷ濴Ϊ̾
˰죬Ҷҿһݷ£ˣȻħµܡ
˵ˣԭΪħʵݷһ£ȴţħ¡ŭ˼컯
ҶԭΪϴóǻúЩųɣû뵽ھˡ
룬Ҷţħ¡ŭ´һ
˵ְ˾ѡϣܱ߾ħսķѡ޷ֱӽħսսҲ뿿ħս󣡡
֮ڽҶڿʼҪΪ֮ڵ֮׼ˡ
Ҳδѣ


1699 һϰɣ
ڣ뷱ࡣ
νĴʵǷֵ֮ڣĹսľѪ׼
Ѫ׼ΪСΪÿһΣǸĹսһ㣬׺Ϊ׵޷Ѫ׼´徫Ѫ׼
СһһΣĹսƷ״ȡĿͬɱ׼
ֻд֮һҸûЩ˳˯Ĺսϲ徫Ѫ
徫ѪЩ˯ĹսϲļƷ֮һ
ٷƵĹ̶Щ֮⣬ԱĹս鿪СսʱҪùҲҪһļƷ
ЩƷҪԼ취ߴﹺˡ
ʥڵĹĹս顢ػս㶼УҪϽĴ°갴ʱ׼
Լڲˡ
Ĺ䣬Ҷ˵֣춼öڵЩϼ˾ٰ졣
Ҷһְ±ߣҸˣ˾ˣмˣ˾ְҶ档
ҶѾ˳ֹƼҸ˾мһˡ
Ҫţ⼸˲㰲ġ
ְ˾£һսһ㣬ɵĽš
෴ԽϲˣԽС
̫ǵһ̿ʼһ졣
ΪڲԵʣԽĴС˾ǸոŵĴؼ˾ҲȫС
ҲǽҶŷ֣ʵҲûеô
ӵн¼ʮˣǼǧ߰ˣͨ񾳵ռ˾ˣĴؼ˾ʮһˡ
߳һļ˾ЩظϢ¼ġ
ڸֵļ˵ڲǵ˽ؿռ󷨣ӿռ䷨ĳ̶ȣػʹ
ԣʮˣ߿ȥֻǧ׷Բȫɣȥյġ
һ΢֮ʣֹλͶͶҶ棬طͨĹս飬ġ
ЩռֳûԵޣλͷÿնɱһֻ׼֮󣬾ͱЩˡ
ͷޣǧͷޣͷͨ񾳵ޣʮͷޣʮѪ
׼ʥ塢ػսļ̳⡣
ȥѪۿɼı̳ٵš
ļ˾ǿûʲôоҶʥػս鴫ʹǸоԲһ
ҶĸӦػսڻЩѪ׼֮ʵʼɿĻָ
ػսܵ˲̫أտʼͽѪ׼ʵѾΪָ
Ҷģػսʵμ룬ͻ᳹׵Ļָ֮£˵ͻƵĿܡ
ػս飬ʥڵλΪ׵ս飬ҲΪ˷ܡ
Ͼôһܵ˴ģľѪ׼ʵָ
ҶӦλսҲԻָһ㡣
ҲиһĹʥս飬Ͷսˡ
ʥ˯¶оѪ׼еɣǺţ뺣һ㣬ûٲˡ
Ҫҳʲô仯ĻҶʹĸӦУ˯еϢôһ㡣
ȻҪ׼ڶ࣬ʮ˾ĵ£Ҳһʱѡ
Ѫ׼꣬Ŵ
ƣ֮ҪһֱʱŻ
ȻаţһϢֹڸ̨ϹֵĵһͶͻȻվ
λ
Ͷһȣʱžм˾Ŀ⣬εһİͶ
׵ĳֹüͷȴ΢΢һ塣
͸к£
Ͷɨһ۶׵Ҷ棬ųֵֹ˲Ľմ֮ЩȤ𣿡
޳𣿱ôģҴ㶼ˣ͸вͬ뷨׼λȨ˽顣
ֹĻðͶһӡ
ͶȴǺ⣬ٴιֵ²ң˾֮֮䣬ɰűս顣
²ţԸҶ棬Ϊ׳ɫ֮ս飡
˵꣬ȵֹ˵ͶĿⶸתҶ棬Ҷɸĳڹս֮ǰˣ
˵仰ʱ򣬰ͶЦУȴȫغ⣬޲ҶƤ
Ҷ棬˿ڵλϵģӦͶҶ棬ĴʹͶġ
˵贫ʹĸͶǰ̤һ
Ҷ棬ͶҲ
˿̣Ͷ֮һһ̡
ֹ֪ܲͶ⣬뵱ڻҶ棬Ҷ档
Ȼ˵ֹ֪ҶʵǰͶǽ۷ʵɲǸǵġ
ߵսߵսȫһ
ĵͶ£
Ͷȴû᳤ֹĺ߳ЦĪǣҶǲ𣿻ˣ
ͬһɲǣ˳λǨڶİͶվҶЦҶҸ磬ǾҰͶǰΣ
ޣˣҶĪǻڵһŮ𣿡
̶̼仰ͶҶ棬ֱǼ֮ܡ
ҶȴǲĽǰıоһҶĳǣҶĳݺħʱ֪࣬Ե
˵ҶĳǻᣬΪ̫ңֵһϰɣ
Ҷﲻݣ
һʮ˾ʧɫ


1700 
˵ҶĳǻᣬΪ̫ңֵһϰɣ
ЦУҶ泤𣬳Ʋ룬֮ĿŰͶͰͶֵ
ˣһĻˡ
ǿǵһͶǵڶͶսޱǿ֮ҶΪֻͨصսǿӲһλͲˡ
ڣҶ澹Ȼηսˡ
˵ģǣһڼ˾Ϊ֮ۡ
˵ʵͶֵܲ˵һڼ˾Եֱһֻռ˾ҶλȨص
Щ¼Ǽǣ˵ûû뷨Ǽٵģ
ﶼЩ뷨ֻǰڵȨû˸԰ˡ
ոհͶֱֵսЩ¼ǼһֽſҶЦĸо
ʱҶֱսˣȴһǼ¼Ҷĸй۴ơ
˵ģͲһеġ
Ҷ˾٣ˬˬˣȴóֹе㵣ġ
ʱѿģǰͶֵˡ
Ҷһ仰˽ѵľء
ǱļƻһսҶ棬ȻҶ棬ݺݵҶ棬ԴֹҶе
û뵽Ҷ澹ȻֱҪͬʱսֵˡ
һ۷壬һսҶ棬ƤЩˣǽҶռҪְڲսġ
ǰҶ˵ģֵһϣڶ˾УӮӦõġ
һսʤĲƯǶҪӶˡ
ˣֱֵ͡
ȻΪ䡣
ҪģһϣʤˣҲûá
ǲҶˣ˶۸ˡ
ѹ޷𵽴ֹҶá
ǲҶ˵ģֻһϣٲֵҶռϵıˡ
ôϣǻҪ
λҶ棿
ҪҪҶĳһֻ֣
ȻڹɭϣҶ䣬һЩ˾̲ס˼ЦðͶֵɫޱȵѿ
Ͷ𣬴ʱ޲ûҶ档
ߣҶ߰Ը㣬ҰͶ͹ˣõҸͶЦ
ֻϳһ̫ңɱֱû㣡Ҷȵ
ߣҶҲ·ͷ
һߣͶųֹһ֣ˣԸҶ³٣
׼
ֹֻ˵һ֣˾֮£ȻЩҶ棬ģֻ׼¡
ҪԵȨǿֹǵս䣬ǶǶҶԣ¶Ӱ
λ֤˴裬ǵģۣҵһ֣쾪ضҶ֣
ͶǰǶһڼ˾˵ģ䣬ȴǶҶ˵ģҲһ
͸˵Ķԣۣҵȳɽӱɫ͸СΪǱˣ£ҶЦŻӦ
ܺã
صĵ˵ͷͶٴο˵ֹ߶䷨Էƻ
ԣֹ΢һʱһޱȵػĻҶͶм䡣
ָⷨ䶯ػĻڵĿռ˲ϢʮӷԲǧױ˷Բס
ʮ﷽Բĵؽ磬Ѿ㹻һˡ
룡Ҷȵ
Ͷͷ֮ʣ鸮ͻȻ˴Ͷĵº֣һлᣬͷǹ䣬ˣʧַ˭Ҳû˵
Ͷûлػֻصĵ˵ͷɱȻҶȵ룡
ֳڵɲǣͶһǷӥһ𣬲ȴҶ棬ĻڵıԵؽ硣
˵ɲǣһըһɫںĹǹڰͶУ΢һҡ
ԣ
Ͷָ·һӹңĹȻͽһҶ档
Ǵ̶ļХƣʱսʮ˾Ϊ֮Ŀѣۡ
ǿոҾƣǵڶͶļж
ҶȴЦһӥƷӥһչͼ˰Ͷ
ҶٶϣȴǲͶͶľڼٵš
״ͶЦһ
ĻǹǰٶȲȻֱӵǸûʲô
ǵŷҲԷ
˫΢ںĹǹʱͱͶųԲһɫĹʸѾϢĴ˹ǹ
ݣ
̶ļХ𣬰ͶָһʸͳƷκҶ档
ʸſ˵ɲǣȻͬʱɻͷǵĻХҶ棡


1701 ϱ
ʸһ˾ɫ䣬˵Щռ˾ǼЩ¼Ҳ׷¶˺Ȼ֮ɫ
ͶܹΪûеģʸɢļ⣬вǿߵʵ
ʸٶȼ죬ǻХɲǣͺҶǰ
ʸͶǼģһ裬ȫϣļʸԷǷ
⻢ʸ˵Ѱʸǿɲ˵Ҫǣ˻˵鶯
ĿӲӻɣǾ⻢ʸܣʸ̺֮ϣͻСȵĵз
ʯ֮䣬ԷķԻΪ˵جΣ
ͶģܹشҶ棬ǷҶ˫ȵˡ
ڰͶ뷨УҶӦȶܣȻ֮бʸˡ
Ļ̫ˣ
һɲǣǰͶͶʮ˾¶Ŀɿڴ֮ɫ
Ҷ֧¼ɫĻʸȻܵľӭȥ
˵ʵӲʸѵѡ
ҶߵӲӣȴûκζֱͦͦײ
ȻֱӲӣ
һ¼ǣаͶڣ°ͶˣЩ˸Ǿ
˵һͨصߣͬΪ˾صߣҲдҶӲӣ
Ҷ棬ƫƫˣ
飡
ʸͬʱֱҶؿڡϣ˵ĺУʸͬ䵽˰һ㣬Ȼ˻ǣ
ĽУʸըȻҲûкҶڷֺ
һڼ˾Ŀɿڴ
Ҷüͷȴڴʱһ¡
ûˡ
սҶĵصĺ׵Ρ
׾Ҷһ۵ףΪĲ䡣
׵ҶĺΪ
ӲӰͶʸ֮£Ҷ淢֣ףܱеĻҪǿһ㡣
أǿ൱Ʒĳ̶ȡ
ʣͶǱ޹Ҷһ۾ͿԿƷĳ̶ȡ
£Ͷеľ޹ǿ˵ǿ൱ƷҶġ
ǲףͶʸڴʱȻֻҶ˼ӡѣ˿û
Ҷ֮üͷ壬Ϊʸ֮ʱҶͻȻ͸оϢϮڡ
Ͷʸ֮УȻٻ䡢ص䡣
伫Ҫһ̼ͻҶʵ½ϡ
ֹУ˵һʵɣǶһɣҲǼҪġ
ӦɲǣҶһʱڵһ˲ͽյĸɸɾ
Ҷ𣬿Ŀǡ
£Ͷ飬ڱޱȵء
ߣǿʸҲҪ䡣
ֵܴŵ֮ػս飬⻢ʸ䣬ɽ˴󹦡
ٸɵλڵǿߡ
û뵽ȴҶ˱
ðͶͫΪ֮ǣҶӲȴͣһߣȻַٵ˹֮ľ룬ڷɿš
״Ͷ¶һ˿ЦݣҶҲĿֲҪ̾սȡʤĿܡ
Ϊһֳŷֱ£͸Ժˮһ㣬һĴڡ
ٴͶ䳡һ
һѾ̽Ҷ漸ֱ£ΪǿӦҶĵڡ
ǣһɫǰƤëظֵҰҲվᱻɱ
֪Ҷǿȣܹ䣿
֮ʣͶŹٴ䣡
¡¡
ֲ׹ⶸشҶſ
һд˰Ͷƶǰ״
׹ðͶޱȵܡ
Ǽǰضᱻа׺УȻΪа׺УҲܡ
Ҫܣаǡúǰ
ģֻǷˡ
һͶתǸһ̨ɽڸǰеĿֲǿй˵һ㡣
ͶӲǿת󳷣ͶԼĺС
ǿмͣתĹɵ˼ޣ
ҲΪҪȻһܣܹۡ
ˣͶڸҲܵתǶһ˿Ѫ
תɲǣͶͫ׾һ
СģͶʾڰͶ鸮
ڰͶһһ֮УҶ˲ϢѾƽľ룬Ͷ֮ľ룬̵ǧס
һðͶͷĽ⣬һƬĻŰͶͷ£
ޡһ³һѪĭͶ͵о޹һɲǼ͵ſʮ˴Ρ
ÿζһʸ
ÿʸǵµĽ⡣
Щʸһʸֽһ㣬Ͷ˷ģ
Ͷţһ⣬Ҳ
ͶѾӦˣɷޱȵĽ⣬к鱦ϢСӦԣҪԴ
ɾɲǣĽһһޱȵĹ켣۳һɢɭɭɫɷľ޽ڰͶϷ
Ͷ˿̣ƺûӦ⽣γͷģֻǱܵһ¡
Դб˰ߣ
꣡
ͷ
ܣ
Ͷұ۷𣬵һͶ͵վ


1702 ϻ
ܣ
Ͷұ۷𣬵һͶ͵ؾ
֮һͬģľǷ·ŭİһĵ
˵սʮ˾ǣųɵˣΪҶɣϾʵ̫ˡ
ʣµһɵļ˾ҲΪҶѣ̫һԱ֮ߡ
û뵽ҶӮӮ˸ɴ䡣
ԣ˾һ㶼š
˵Щ˾ˣǳֹҲЩ⣬Ȼû뵽Ҷ澹ȻӮ˸ɴ䡣
ʵҶе鱦йϵ
Ҷеĺ鱦֮һа׵׹ޣƷ޽ӽƷ鱦ı
ǣûҶɽ
׹޵аףһشͶʵԲɽ̬
Ͷڼϵ裬ǳĸߣԶսڽս
ڽսʱеľ޹Ϭޱȡ
޹ޱȵļӲƷĳ̶ȣ£Ͷľ޹ԿӲɽΡ
Ҳڱһϱۡ
ǣɽе飬ȴһޱĴڡ
佣ޱȡ
ҶֻҪɽޱȵĽʽͻȪӿһҶԺ
ɱУ
ɽһһλͼһһ
һʵ飬ðͶʸ䣬ؼʱ̣黯ʵһش
ʵĻ˵һǽУΪҶԭ򣬱ʩչ֡
ҪҶ淽ʩΪĻһ˵Ϳն°ͶԴ
Ͷھ𣬹սļ˾ڵ䳡ı䣬ڼ
ҶɽϹ⣬ɰͶһұ۰֮󣬽һٴŰͶնȥ
ͶҲ׺ޱȣĵڶʵսޱȵķḻ
Ҽʹ֮ʣ֪ˡ
Ҫǣչұ۱նϣеľ޹Ҳ֮ء
ûӦֶΣɥҲпܵġ
˫˲ϢѪ绢͵һšͷͶԼҼѪѪһ⡣
ָһɲǼʮµӡ
ӡ뱻綯ѪʱͶͷѪرóһͷϢѪ

УѪػʮ״Сɽ
һţ˽ٵѪҶ渲ǹ
ѪѪʱ򣬰Ͷɫͱò԰ֽ
ͶԲһľٶΪȡһؼʱ䡣
ʣͶɽĶ֣˵Ѫˡ
ǣҶȴѪѪУӦһޱۻɷ
ۻɷܹӰ鱦ԡ
Ҷ᲻ɽðԡ
⵹أָȴǷɳ׻˲ϢͽѪѪٳ˷ɻҡ
ɽػٴ˰Ͷ
һΣҶĽ⣬û̫ĻڣǷǳӼ򵥵һ̶ֱȥҽٲû֮ǰô졣
һеĸо
ĿͶУһĸоȴޱȵĿֲ
ƻʵĽ⣬ðͶһ޷ܵĸо
ͶʩչʲôֶΣգ㲻һֻӲӡ
ڷǰͶѪ䷨ȡǶݵһʱ䣬ΪԼֹѪĻǾ޹֮С
һɲǣͶŭһлǾ޹һΣ˲ޱȵɱ
еľ޹Ȼǿɽһ޻ɵҶɽ
飡
ÿһཻ޴𵴵䳡ػĻһˮһĲơ
ͶʵҲһɲǳ׵չֳ
ʧȥһ۵£ֳֹ絶ȻҶܣ
ҶĽ£Ҳһһ⡣
ռϷ硣
ÿһι̻㣬Ҷ˺벽
û취ͶΪƾĻһ½֧֣Ҷֻ˺ĸࡣ
Ҷȴֱʹ죡
սʹ졣
ڽһǧĽоʹ졣
֮ǰȻ£ȫͽҶ棬ΪϵĲ࣬ȻҶʩչĽУǲ˼֡
Ͷ⼸ӲӲȻÿһαУҲͽ
ǳʵս֮ռ˵ÿһеı֮Ҷʱʵᡣ
ԭ벻ͨĵطʱһ͸
ҶţȥҶĽ裬»ڶʱһܸߵߡ
һͨٵͨ
ҶӦս֮ʱķӦҲȫͻòͬ
ͬʵܷӳߵս
ǣУ鱦Ʒ֮Ĳ࣬ͳˡ
ÿһνӲƴͶȻܹҶһ벽ģÿһͶľ޹ϣᱻһѷ졣
ðͶзǣҶȻƴ·磬ÿһܹǡôǰһɵѷ֮ϡ
ĻǾ޹Ѿһ޴ޱȵѷ졣
һҶܹĻǾ޹
Ͷ۵Ķˡ
⻢Ǿ޹꣬СģǧĶսұһ㡣
ǻǾ޹ٶˣͬҶնɱһ۰һ㡣
ǣ˿ûѡ
Ͷ
ҪֹֽͣսӲƴô˫ֿĵһɲǣ˵ڡ
ıȡ
һĻǾ޹նϣôҲͿ쵽ˣ
ס֣
һͶӵ䳡ػĻ⣬ӡһͳ䳡ڡ
ʵͶڰͶұ۷ɲǣ߼ӹġ
ҶͶƴУʱ䣬Ҳ͹һʱּ㣬԰ͶոոϹ
˵õİͶĿ˰Ͷ޹ϵѷ죬ζʲôԣ𼱻ǵĲһеĸ˹ˡ
ҶĿɨһۼӹİͶеɽϴε˸ҫ۵Ľ⣬һޱȵĹ켣˰Ͷ
ס֣
ž
Ǿ޹۶ϵͶԶͬʱ
ͶѪ֮࣬ͶҲ߶Ҷŭ֡
һͶǸް̫ǻǾ޹ֵܵˣ൱ֵһҪޱȵı۰
Ҷһս֮䣬ȻֵܰͶۣǿ벻̣
Ҷ棬һ֮ͬţ㾹Ȼ´˶֣һɢޱϢĺؿɽͳڰͶС
ֵɲǣ䣡
Ҳһɲǣ䳡綸һ˸ֹӰͳ䳡У˰Ͷǰ
һֵͬģгֹλɭɭ飡
͸׼䣬ɣǴ󲻾ޣֹһ棡
󲻾
ȥĴ󲻾
һͶָųֹƿڴǽ֮ıɱֵܣ
ţȥ׼ǣôճһ仰ͶָҶġ
ʮ˾Ŀɿڴǣһ䣬ͶһȻ뿪״ȥˣ


1703 ϧѪ
ŵһͶŭ뿪Ȼǰȥ״ڵһڼ˾ǣҲò̫ݣ׷׽ͷӶ
ν˵ĵطн
Ҳһϵ֮ԹžС
ϵʵܼ򵥣ģ߳˾ǰͶͶֵ˵
ɣȴǲܰͶֵܴļ˾ƽʱԴп˿۲˵ҲΣյġ
ֹʥŮ˵ݣΪһڰͶֵͷ֮
ϵͳͺˡ
ĳԱϵ츳Ȼ볤ֹĴϻŬ벻ġ
ȻʱڹУػʹںĲ飬ֹûٿй͢ѧʿרŽ̵
ԣΪһûãֹͳɹĽɲܴļ˾£µм
ȻͨܳõһЩݺͳõӰڴܹҵһ¼Ǽ£ֵ£ɹͰͶֵܷͥĴȨ
˰ͶֵܺѰս鹩֮٣ΪһٶشȨ
Ȼ˵ֹλǰͶֵӪ꣬ʣµȫˡ
ʱͶֵܵЩ֧ߣ˽¾˽
Ϊ
Ϊŵ鰡
ԼսͶֵˣȴëӣҪ׼ҹ
ôһع
ֻܴҶ֮ʱɱⷽ¡
ڲصɱ˵ģûС
ǿǰİͶޱȵģұ۶ȥҼҲһ飬ۺѪܴʱ䶯š
еĻǾ޹Ƕϳء
ΪҪǣǾ޹ǰͶСıǾ޹ϿȻ黹ڣǰͶҲ⵽ش
ʱȥһӲʮһ㣬ǳήңң
ԴϸҶ棬пܻһҶϮ֮ͬ
ȻΪҶ洫ʹְ֮ܽҶϳ֮λ϶Ǳסˡ
ҪҲǰͶֵܵıʤ
ԼҸλ뷨ͶͶֵ˵ˣͷɿȺд
ֻҪЩ֤˵˵»дɵĿܣ
ңǵڶͶҲᵽԼҴҪʲôԴʱȻ˴Ϣ֮ȴûκθԼ˵˼
ǰĶϱ۴ֹסѪֿʼ䣬ģӵң
ֹЩƵģҶҲǱˣһЦͷֱԼλ
жϣ
ֹһȣһڼ˾оռ˾ٴοʼϼ衣
ò˵ͶٶȻǹġ
ӵĹ򣬾ڵķˣһλȨ
ֱǵڶȨͨߴȨߴȨͼţͼų
ڶȨͨǰͶֵϵԣߴȨͼųǰͶֵܵԶס
Ȼ˵ԶףΪԵʣߵĺܽ
ͶֵܼߴȨͼų۹Ͱš
һӼ˾ϵûڣߴȨͼųһΣӵ˰Ͷǰ
һۣɫͱޱȵѿ
Ͷһļ裬ȫұϣȥͶұۣ鵤ҩΪͶϱۡ
ǣͶ裬Դ˾ͻ⵽شѻָǰĸ߶ȣ
滢Ǿ޹ǰͶСıұͬʱ٣ǻ˰Ͷ
жôޣôĳܶͬ´˶֣
ֱ̫ˣ˰Ͷɱ˰ͶҪݶ
ڣȻͬУ
˭ɵģ
ĸ޷챩˵ӸɵģϷվ
վ
˵֣ǵߴȨͼųġ
ͷ·ʵһһ㣬ĴС˾Ķᡣ
˵һߴȨͼų͸Ҷ涨ñӣ޷ͱ壡
ȻǰͶҪһسӺ͸ֵܱˡ
Ѿ漰
ЩҶȻ֣ô࣬ҲǴˡ
ңҶӣҶˣ
ҶǣֹȻվ
ͼŴȨҪһ㣬Ҷ棬еʲôӡ
ҶλսĴʹ
ʹϣϣ
ʹĹս飬Ǽ̤ϡ
һ㣬ǴȨҲУܣ
˵ֹɷޱȣŵߴȨͼų֣ޱȵ˵ͼŴȨĹսǸʹҶǸ
³ֹ˵ʽߴȨͼųǲмһˣóֹ¡
õߴȨһССҪǸ
ʲôЦ
ǴʹҲûܣ
ߴȨҴʹʹûһǧҲа˰٣ġ
Ǹǲܣ
ԣߴȨͼųѹû᳤ֹֹһСŮˣӶѡ
Ǹôܣ
ȥǼȡ֤ͽҶնɱͶһϸ˽⣬ñ¼һڼ˾ǻѹͼųԹԵĽ顣
ʱѾ⣬Ҫ
㽫ҶϲҲҪԶֶ֮λݺݵĴһ³ֹ档
ʵıȡ֮λļƻһֱǵߴȨͼųڱֺ֧Ͳ߻
ֻǼƻϲϱ仯ѡ
ͼųЩ¼Ǽޱȣһ֮ڰͶָ£ɿһڼ˾ȡڹѺ
ȻȡڹĶ񣬶ڰͶֵһϵǣȻ֪ô˵ô԰Ͷֵ
λȨڳС£ֻҪ˿ڹѺǾ
ʱ򣬾׼٣Ҳѷ
೤ֹһϵļ˾ǿһżʱ򣬳ֹȴٴһɫĻӵߴȨͼųǰ״
ٴͼŴȨʹҶһ£ĹսǸʹҶǸ
ԣߴȨͼųһɣʲôϷǸѾͷǷ˻ɵˣ
ֹϵ飬ȴûκβ
ɫޱȵĳŵߴȨͼų˵ͼŴȨĹսǸʹҶǸ
ΪάϡϣǲϧѪ
ֹξ棬ǰζһ䡣
һ䣬ȴõڶȨͨߴȨͼųһ䡣
ѪϣѾͷȷڸϷ˵ߴȨͼųһ
ֹһҴȨǬǰߵĹһˣѾͷ
ͼŴȨӱٸһλᣬǸ򡭡
أͼųɫһ䣬ЦǣһΣȴٲҽгֹѾͷˡ
ôѪ붯ͽȣ
δ䣬һξӨ͸ӨӨ̹Ѫ飬شӳֹͷ֡


1704 ϧ
ǵξӨ͸ӨӨ̹ѪӳֹͷֵɲǣҶͫȻһ
һ̹ӨӨѪ飬ĸо̫ˡ
һۿȥķ·ǹѪһξѪ
ѪɢȥϢ⻪ȻҶӴ̵ֱۣӡ
˾ǣѹҿ˵ξѪǵξѪɢϢҴһڣǺ£
Ҷ澪֮ʣڶȨͨߴȨͼųͬʱ¶˼һľ顣
ͨͼų˵ľǵǿߣǰôһξѪȻ˾֡
ˣͼųŭȣȴܳʵƣʼȫ䱸
֣
ڶȨֱͨ죬ƴֶΣô֮ãһж
һξѪԳֶԣ̸ƴΪϣΪĹսϣ˵һξѪʮΰٵΣҲԸ⣡
ֹ˵䣬һηӨӨ̹ľѪͻųֹƮȥ
ֹԶʥļ̳
״ͼųӵأมһ˿ŭڶȨͨϵ亹ˡ
֣컯ѪҲǵף˷һΣպĵõĺôһ֣պûԼǧʱ䣬ܲ
ţѹŰջȥͨæȰ
ҶĿȴһԭξѪ컯Ѫֲͨͼų˽ţ
ԭܼ򵥣Ĺս˵Ѫ׼ֱӵǲķʽ
ǣ׼õľѪƷʲͬЩսõĺôҲͬ
˽޵ľѪ׼ǧҲȲʮѪô
ǣЩΪ˶˯ĹԣһĽѪ׼͸û׼ûʲô
ҲǵôĹȴûһλ׵Ļָԭ
Ϊ͵Ƚ׵ľѪ˳˯ǲʵޣֻͨʱۻʱ䳤Уָ
ǣ컯Ѫȴһ
컯Ѫ̺˳˯ǰһ컯ѪǻõĺôԱȵʮϰ׼ǵľѪܺ͡
ܹЩڶʱ䱬۷ʱڰɵһɵս˵ܻһĺô
̫źϹʱڹսޱȵľˣֻӳɵսҲЩǿܹģ
֮һ컯ѪķɳֹѾǰλȨ
Ҷ֪컯ѪԳֹޱȵҪ˷ѡ
ˣϣò
ҶȰֹ֣ʵ䷴
ʱҶģǼᶨֳֹ֧ѡ
ڶȨͨɵȰ裬ȴûʲôЧ
ֹͻطһЦΪϣ컯Ѫϧգ
ͨȨ˵ˣҲøһӣͼųϰҪǸ򡭡
ֹûж˵ֻǱƵ컯Ѫᶨķʥڵļ̳
˾ǣųֹǵ컯Ѫӽʥǧ׵ʱԭʥ壬ͻȻ䱬˴Ŀ⣬ҵĻζ
ͬһɲǣҶУһҵӡǣͻȻĪ
ִӡǣ໥ģҶִͨӡϵҵˣҵˣҲִͨӡϵҶʹ
ֻǣֻǽϵһַʽѡ
Ҷ治ԸǶԻǴӡҲǰ״
ңҲƻָϵս飬ܹϵҶ棬Щ˯Ĺս飬죬ҲϵҶ档
ҵϵҶһ
һָⶸرóʮָӡüһѪɲǣǹ⻪ŵʥ϶һֳ־޹սӰ
սӰ˭
ҳֵɲǣʹϲָųֹһ컯ѪȵֻҪٽ˵Ѫϣ㲻ܶԸ˭ಫ
˵ֲ꣬һ䣬컯ڵˣһҲУɽ˵Ѫ֮²ӳң
սҳ֣ߴȨͼų飬ĿԵγˮ
һСĹǶܣѾͷ
ȻҵĻŵˣ
ڶȨͨɸͷ󺹵ŭȵ˭
˭սģͻȥ֪ͨʣȴĶҶ档
˼ײҪҶöĳң
һҶǰȥԣǣƥʹǸһ仰ҶָߴȨͼų


1705 ս
ȥ
ԣ
ǣƥʹǸһ仰ҶָߴȨͼųŭȡ
ʱҶĻȻͼųɫޱȣȴҼŭҶ볤ֹ
ڶȨͨɽıˡ
ֹеǵĻҹ˫ݣȨʱκβˣҶһССĴʹβˣ

ͨɷŭҶ棬
ͨɷ֮ʣҶ׷Ͽգӡķɳ⻪š
м˾սս󣡡
һ£ѾԾѵЩͨɺͼųִ¼Ǽǣǵɴ۾
ֹ֮ǰΪѾˡ
ҶʱȻҪսսҪʲô
Ҫ췴Ǵɱ䣿
Ҫ֪սս󣬾Ǹ˾طӳֹս飬ڹؼʱ̱ǿս
ͨ£սս󣬵вһʩǾƴֶˡ
ߴȨͼų۾гһ죬ôҲ벻ףǰⳤֹҶ棬ôĵһȨŶԡ
ϧս֮Ը
ڣǴδй֮£
ͨһΣıˡ
Ҷķˣ
ȻҪս󣬻ҪԸߴȨҪ췴
ңŭһͨȻ֣ҶڰУһĶ˷ļ˾ǡ
ˣҵӣָͨҶŭȵ
ҿ˭ң
˭˱֮ʹ
ֹĽ߳սҵŭͬʱ
ǧɭɭ͵شӳֹ֣ޱȵĻҶࡣ
ǼλӵڶȨͨ¼θոնһͶҲҶֺ
һýޱȣһε亹ǵĶͷ¡
ԭܼ򵥡
Ϊеľ޹Ѿſ޹ʸδδʸǳʮҶ¼
ÿһ¼һĸֻܵҪнһҵʸͻǡ
ʸɢϢǷˡ
ԣ˭ҲҶ
һĻڶȨͨɷζըˡ
ڶȨͨڣȻǴ׼ӰҲֻȴ׼һ߶ѡ
ǰҲҶ˲һ£Īвӡ
ڣȴԱ
ʵҪԭڳֹ
ֹһ컯ѪһͳĹս飬ͻᱬֲޱȵ
Ҳȡһ컯ѪԼ컯ڵˣҲս
仰û˵ѡ
ΪʥڴˣʥǰָոܹʢľѪ׼ȫܹӳʵ
жǿ
ö˵㿴ߴȨͼųʱɫޱȵ飬жͷ亹֪жǿˣ
ΪҴӳֵһ𣬼޵ͼų
һʱ䣬ֹĽҵŭ֮£ͨͼų˸Ҷ
˾ǻѵҪ𣿡Ҷĺ
Ҷһʱ˾ٵʥ̳Χ
Щˣǳֹյĸˣ֪Ҷ볤ֹʱһ壬Ҷ
ҵļ˾ȴԥ
״ڶȨͨɸǳЩļ˾ŭȣϷҪ˭ң
һʱļ˾ԥˡ
Ҷ棬ߣǰǰߣӦδãֹͻȻ
ɣߣǰǰߣնҶɱڵĻӦֹ
Ǻãһ£ƣ
֮²ǰߣͳͳ͵شնֹУɱ֮⡣
Ҷͷһ۳ֹгųֹһĴָҶҲû뵽ֹȻ˿ͼ
ʵҶ淽սսҪĿģΪ˶Ըǰľ档
ǰľ棬ʵѹ˼ҵֶΡ
Ϊǿֹţм˾ףӦ˭ġ
Щļ˾౩ǵʮ
ӵʮˣ˳ֹѡѡ˾֮⣬󲿷ˣǻġ
֪Щһҵģؼʱֹ̣˵ء
˿̣Ҷǽ£ϣЩߵȫҳ
ڷա
Ҷˣѹ޷óֹ޷óֹԳֹǿӲҲ޷Ҷ档
οҶʹޱȵҪ
Ҫǣֹķѣռ
۰ڵ˭ǰôռס
Ҳڵ󻯣
ųֹһ£Ҷӥһʱɨʮ˾ǡ
ڣϸӰ¼һڼ˾ǰ֮Ӱ֤
ִ˾ڣ
Ҷһķʱټ˾ҶֳӰʼӰ
ͬһɲǣµ¼İǼͻأĴһ䰵Ӱ
¼Ҷڴˣʾ£
ɣһʼսս˵ȣʮϢڱλ
ȴڿʼʱʮϢ֮δսսλߣʲôΪʲôݣһɡն
һնֳڣ˵ʮ˾ǣȨ¼ǼǣҲǲӺವģ磡
Щԥļ˾ǣоֻɱ
ǣҶʱʼ
Ƿͳһ£ʵļʱ֮࣬ϰλҲҶɢϢĺɫһƻĶЩ˾
͵ʱһʹɱ䣡
Ҳһ˲ĹѾ˾Լսսλôվʼʩӳ֡
һЩս¼ǼڴĿҶ볤ֹôã죬ӭüһ죡
Щվλļ˾ľٶһ·һĺ·Щԥ˾ǣҲֲס
׷սս󣬰մǰѵ֮һһսս
ʮ˵طӳ֣ʥҵϢʼٵЩҼ¼ǼɫӵĲ԰ס
֮£ʮ˾ûһ˸ҿ
Ҷ΢΢һת˵ҽԲѷ輰ʥս顣
죬ǴǸ뿪
Ҷҽ;䣡Ҷ˵
ʥ壿ܺã
һ˵ͷо޹ʸ΢΢һߴȨͼųǰĹǶܣع⻪š
ȴͼųܲסµɱ⣬߶ֿ֮ҵļ⡣
ڶȨͨɿһĻҲǴˣɵˡ
ڳΪȨ꣬δŵķֵ͵ȻвȨ
ֱֱǷˣ
ǣ̬ȴڷٵķչš
е˾ں·Ӱ˫в£սս󣬿ʼĸҼӳ֡
Щ·Ŀ⣬ȴǿ˵һͶ˼ײ
ͬһɲǣҶ볤ֹĿҲе˵һͶϣĿ⣬ðͶ˵
Ǻ·ļڰͶĶУǴһ㣡
Ҳһɲǣҵļսսӳĳ̶ȵʱڣؾӴ
˷ڶõ۷֮


1706 ħ
˷ڶõ۷֮
ھӴ֮ʣһŭ쳹
ͬһɲǣޱʵʵͺɨ
֮Ļйϵ
Ļռ󷨣¾˾ļӳ֣ǿҲֻﵽܹܵǿȫĳ̶ȡ
ϾųɾŵĻ󣬶Ƕⲻڡ
Ļļӳ֣λڵǿ߲ͣĺҲ޷Ļġ
ڲͲһˡ
ڲĿռ۵˾μӳ֣Ҳ޷ʱܵǿߵĹ
ڲֳд衣
ԣйأκд䣬ֻ޶ڵ۷֮¡
Ҿǵ۷֮µʱҲܹһӡ
ǾЩѪ׼Ĵδδ󲹣ָûг׻ָڡ
ֻڰ벽͵֮䡣
ҵΪûлָǸ̶ȣļͻһľ޹ط
ټҶʮ˾µսսļӳ֣ʸɢļ⣬ʹﵽ˵۷ǿȫһϢ
Ҳˣľ䷨ռǴΪ
ܿľԴͷǿӲޱȵĺ
ǵλֵռɲǣλռͬʱһ͡
Σ̫Źˡ
ػս飬λȨڳ˵λڳӦ˵
ǣʮ˾Ȼսս
ƽվãȻǼս浶ʵǹİڳλֵռǵһμ
ңϢ̫Źˡ
Ų˵ȥƺλȨԡ
ǵߴȨͼųģڼĶԿսҵļ⡣
λֵռʱʶ̬ء
λȨʮļ˾飬Ѿܹõ˵ġ
붯ĸ߲
ԣܹģλֵռɨͻȻήˣûġ
λֵռҶ滹ǳֹֻλȨ֪ô¡
˵ͨͼųôģҶ볤ֹԣ£ֵԽԽá
ֵԽãΪһϴյİ
ԣҶ滹ǳֹûλֵռĺעĽĿǰڲ
ţҶļ˾Ѿʮ˾ǰʥ̳ܱ߲սսȺ˳ȫ¼
ʱҶ볤ֹͿԸЩӰڵȺ˳򣬽һĴȨ
Щ˾£¼˾ԷֻЩ˾ҪѹмӣЩ˾׸ϳҷӡ
ȻʱҪģ
ֹϣҶϣ
ԣǳֹҶ棬Щִ˾Ŀ⿴һͶϡ
ͶĵһͬʱҲʮ˾еһԱ
˵ͶĵһѹҪҶָӺȥ
ǣô˵Ҫأ
ҪһͶ
Ҫһôѡˣ
Ͷһɲǣ׹ѡ
൱СõĵطôãҶ볤ֹĿͶһɲǣͶѾҶ볤ֹ⡣
Ͷʱֻѡ
ҪҶԹԵȥǼ̳ΪսսһԱ
ҲζһӽʧҶ᳹׵Դϡ
Ժֻʵ
ΪһҶôԺһҶͻ
ļ˾ǣʮа˾ŶһѡҶ
ǻϵȨУ׵ˡ
ĳ׵ױһ߷ɣ
ôҪǲȥأ
Ҳܼ򵥣Ҷ·ʮϢ֮ʱǺ·ʹɱ֮ʡ
һлᣬͻὫնɱ
·޷նɱôս󣬳ֹͽ֮һ߳
ʱȨΪ֤û취
Ϊʵڣ
ҶļǵӰǿɲǰģ
ѡһ·䣡
һ·һ·ң
ͶԲôˣˣһѣظ
һҶѹȨڶң
Ͷո˵ֹ꣬Ц͸Ҷ֮ǱȫȨԱ֮£һҶ֮
ִ˾һУҶΪ׼κˣ⣡ֹȵ
һ·ͬʱּ
԰գ·ֳûмսĵһͶڶͶ
Ȼ˵İͶŹ
ķ·Ǵħһļڼ
ʮߣ
ʮ

£
£
Χĺ·ûжڶȨֱͨӺƤǰһôĵӣ
ϷҪϷڶȨڳ˭Ҷ֣
ͨȨڲϲҲûʸ֣֣ȳ˱֮λ˵
ֹԣֱͦͦӭ˵ڶȨͨɣ飬ֱӽͨɸ
㻹˵ǵڶȨͨɺм䣬Щ·治ŰͶͶֵܶ֡
Ͼݰ
ڣȴֹסˣ
һʱ䵽Щ·Ϳ޼ɵĳ֣
㡭
ڶȨĻ
ڵ£ٲͦͶֵܾûָˡ
ڵߴȨͼųæš
ǣҵļ˵ǿڣһ˿񶼲ҡ
ÿ
ڶȨͨŭⱬһεϣǺ˰㽫Χߵĳֹͳֹ飬Զ
ҽֹ£ܵ˺Ӧ֪ôɣҶ˵
ңҲǳϡ
ûκԥľһ˽⣡
޹ʸ΢΢һתһ񲻿ɵļ⣬޵˵ڶȨͨɡ
õڶȨͨɫ䣬ƿΧסĳֹĶ͵һͣ
ڣᵽ˵ߴȨͼųĸˡ
ĺܣ
Ǹоһһ㣬Ķͷһ㣡
òʱӦԣ
ͬһɲǣĺ·ļҲʱ̡

壡
ģ
һħðͶֵ֮УǰͶУд˾裡


1707 ֹ
֮УҶǱžţ
һɺݾ
͵ȰͶֵΥء
ǰͶֵΥЩ·ԥĶֹãǰͶֵܸκηͻԥº֡
Ҷ棬Ҳԥĳ֣Ͷֵһ
¼İǼɵĺ·飬ڼ֮ʱԻԥĶ԰Ͷֵ֡
һ㣬ɡ
Щִ˾ǣǺǵְġ
ǣһ£᲻º֣һˡ
ڹϵӣ˵ȥӪļ˾ԶѪ׹ϵ
ԣҶžһʱ䵽·ǿʼ֣ôҶͻƳֱӸɵͶֵܡ
ȻѾˮˣŸʲô
ߣҲΪֹɨϰ
ǣ
Ҷ滹ʮ˾۾ǣһĵһͶȻˣ
ڼϢŭһֱץϥ˵ֵܰͶν˸ӵսսΧ
ں·Ǽ֮ʣϢѾɹ뵽սս֮С
Ҷ볤ֹͬʱһ˿ʧ
ԶԣǵϣͶֵӲŵףлһ
Ҳһֺ·Ļ¶֮ɫ
򲻵ѣҲԸĸ֡
ڶȨͨҲһǰͶֵҶ볤ֹ洦նɱôȨͶˡ
ڲ˭֪Ͷֵˣ
ߴȨͼųȴһࡣ
ŰͶֵҶսսҲʹİŵİͶֵ֮гʧơ
ӴˣĴȨڳֹҶ֮֡
֮⣬Щֹ֧ߣһϲɫͶֵܵĿ⣬ǳ
ͶԸܵЩһĳĿ⣡
£ѡأ
翹ף
óҲӦõЩ·֣ҶҲԻûºֿǡ
ΪıҶɱˣǾİˣ
ϾֵӵǰɱҲǰɱ
ֹϿˡ
һֵܽӳһ
ǾͻᱻֱֹӶΪͽϳ
ϰĹһ߳ȥ֮ǰŬ͸
ΪսԵԭǵΪͻƣպҲޱȵ鷳
һӽֵŪһС
ɱǻҪܣ
νɽڣûա
ԣȨ֮£Ͷǹѡ
Ȩʧȥ˿Сǰ;꣬ͺһˣ
ò˵Ͷѡ񣬻Ǻܴǵġ
Ҷ볤ֹһۣͬʱʧ֮ɫ
ˣͶֵûг׽ʱ˿̣ǰⳡѾݵĴϷȴü
Ҷ΢΢һҾ޹ϵʸغ䣬ߴȨͼųǰУȻƾ͵ļײͼųǼʻζѡ
ȴҶͨҵĹͨǿ˶ͼųѹơ
ͼŴȨ޵ģ
ҲǱһλᣬĹһսǸĴʹҶǸ򱾹Ǹ
ݹֱͶֵܵ¸һ䣬ֹҲҶ潫ìͷתͼų
ͼųɫ࣬ԸӦļսսļӳ£Ǽڲͣš
һɲǣͼųһͻһɡ
ͬʱɫѿޱȵĵڶȨͨɣһҲͻһɡ
׼
ſڴ
ԭͨɻͼųƽʱĳ֣Ϊĳ֣ųƺ⡣
ᣬȴżϲ
ΪǶףֻд׼ܻ࣬ǰᣡ
λֵռʱ֪֮ͨ£׼ڸϵ
ɺͳ
ǣһɺͳ
һλȨصĴȨһ
ԼţҪʲô
Ҫʲô
Ҫ췴

սս
֪֪֪ĻΪڧѪƴأ
׼˻δѾˡ
ѾֹߴȨͨ˸Ѫͷ
ҶȴǷһЦ⡣
仰Ҷ֪׼ƨıߡ
˾٣δ֮ǰ·֮ӡ
׼ȴ֮Ϊ
ƫķײ
һԣڶȨͨɵ
Ҷ涼ó׼ƨˣ
ǣ´׼ǳֹǵߴȨͼųûκֵ˼
ʵͼųеԩ
ţǱҵļҲհ
֣
ôţҪ췴𣿡
㣬Ͻսת壡Ϊս𣿡׼ҶҲһˡ
ҶЩεӣĿ⿴˳ֹʱҶ滹ּۻۡ
Ҷ볤ֹͷ·Ϭһһֹۣ徲Ų
׼ֻֿ֣ҪӦĹأΪֹͿԣֹ˵
ֹ׼೤üһģϷ˭ƫ̻һУĵ洦ã


1708 ϵ
ҶɢҽϢ˴׼ĳŵֹ˾ϡ
ּ
Ҷһ֣תŲսսʮ˾ֵɢ
ְ˾ͳλң
ŵ
ʮ˾ɽХĻõһͶ޵
ֹһٽҶ֮ڳֻǿҶڵ˱ͳܵλá
ɱСôһκȫĻᡣ
һȫ˾Ӻں·ӵģһΣ˶Ҷ
侲һڼ˾ǣҲڵ˭λ˭ơ
ǰЩͶֵܵļ˾¼ļ˾ǣȷѡ
ҶֽŴʹӡѱϣҽˣձоѪϣҽء
Ǵʹ빩Ĺս֮ԼĹ˫ȡ裬ǿѣԼء
ҲûɢȥλתеʥڣĿڳֹһ컯Ѫ
ȻνľѪ׼ϲֹһ컯Ѫ
ֹ컯ѪԳֹԣҲΪ޴Ȼ򲻵ѣײͳġ
ս봫ʹԼõҲֻ룬ֻܻתʥ塣
ɢȥ֮ǰһ괫ͻشҶ鸮֮УҶУ¶һȻ
ȻҶԣЩ⡣
ʱȴǿµʱ
ȥߴȨͼųʱظĳһ
ҵļ⣬ʵ̫ˡ
ڼŵĽʱɢȥ֮ģȴһѹĳظС
ộô£ߣһһϷ˵׼߳
£ֹһҲ飬˿˵һ顣
ߴȨͼųҲȳֹֽ꣬μȵİͶȻϹ֮ĳͻ˵һ顣
ҲûôͼӴףͼųߣȴҶ֮ףͬһΪص㣬Ҫ׼ʹҶ棡
ֹߣȴԵߴȨʥ崫ʹҶ棬ʥĹս飬̤ΪҪ㣬ҪߴȨͼųڵǸ
׼£Ҷ֮ɱͬġҶ֮ɱͬС
ϷҲڲԣŭҶ棡
ӶüᣬΪϷ
ʵǼˣϷ򲢲ǲڹĹ顣
෴ϷǧΪÿһֵĹս鶼ޱȵľη޲֮١
֮üᣬǱҶ֮ɱ˼ѵıоģ
Ϸ֮뼧ߴȨͼųһЦݣ·Ǳһ㡣
һ˵ǣȻŴ׼ǰһڼ˾ǣƵƵͷ
Ͼ⻰֮ǰֹߴȨͨʵһһӡãûɶë
ʵġ
ò˵ҶҲߴȨͼųϵ
̶̼仰򣬾ͽȫ˵ǵһߡ
ǳܺߣһгͻᣬȫҶ׸ġ
ҶȾ׼±ߴȨͼųôһ˵ҶǰٿĪˡ
Ҷ汳ˡ
ֻǣҶ׼
Ȼͼų֮ӣҶҲԲù
볤ֹһۣʱ˵ͼŴȨԣ£ȫҶҶඣ
Ȼ
ϷҲŭԣҲ˴ĳͻ̣ɴ
ң֤֤ڣֲϷϹ˵
˵ͼųһָͶǿͶƣһұɣǾ޹ն룡
ⱻնȥҼ磬ǰͶӦһ㣬ҪҶ˸նɱˣ
ⲻҶ֮ıɱʲô
׼ΪܵҵֻܵΪˣҶˣȻ֮ıɱ
ҵܵǿһı٣һԴұ۸Ǳȥ
һٰ
׼Ϊֵ
׼Ϊһһֱ˵İͶҲɳƵԣЩԹ۵ļ˾޲ݡ
˾׼ҲЩݣ£ͼųƤһ治ðˡ
ƫֹ̻Ҷ棬ҲǲС
ֹûãǰĿǰΣҶĴǲˡ
֣ô˵ʵ
޻˵
ֹһȻ
޻˵Ǿôˣ
һɲǣֹĿͿ˵ߴȨͼųͼŴȨԣǱܹ֤֮£Ҷ
ս飬Ͳඣ
ԣͼųȴش𣬷Ц֤ɽνƱ磬Ҳ޷סҶС˵ģ
ͼŴȨˣǲˣֹٴЦ
Ϸô顭
ϧǣֹȴٲԸͬͼųп֮ϼһɣ죬Ƕġ
ֹת˴׼࣬׼־һҪ׼ã
Ŀһͷԣ֤ͻͼŴȨŭԣԲҶ£ۣ
ضֹ
л׼֤ڴˣֹ׳һö
˲ϢڶȨͨɡߴȨͼųͶͶ˵


1709 ڷ
ţ
׼ӹֹͳһ룬¶֮ɫһһ۰Ͷֵܡ
һĻڳм˾ͶֵܻеڶߴȨͨͼųȴ
ô׼¶飬֤ݵʲôأ
ǺӣҲգ˵Ϸ׼²⼧ṩ֤ݣҶɣ
ǺһЦдƬɳ׼ʱͽطչ
ϿգظһĻӰӰе龰ȴ֮ʱ£һͶոĹӰ
ԭֹͳǷȴһӰ
ǹӰɲǣͶֵܵɫرЩѿҲ벻ֹȻôһ֡
Ȼ˵ľֵܿڸ֮ǰѾ¼Ӱ
ʵӰҶֹġ
Ҷ浱ʱͶվ𣬱ܵľ;ͶҪ¡
νб޻ӰļǮҶ滹˷ѵ𣬸ɴӰ
û뵽ˡ
Ӱڵʱ龰Ļԭˡ
Ͷֵȣֹֹͼں󣬰ͶֵܼеҶ棬Ҷ棬գҶŭӦս
ȻʱΣӦ˵ҶҲǸһʱڵӰʶľΪҶ治ŭӦս
Ӱ꣬ھþ׼ĿͶ˵ߴȨͼų֮ɫ
м˾Ŀ⣬㶼ͼų
ͼųһ£ʧЦ
֤ʲô
Ӱܹ֤ⳡ䣬ǰͶֵģϴȥҶ֮ıɱͬ˾֮
֮⣬Ӱ֤ʲôͼųʵ
ȷʵˣȷʵ֤ʲôڶȨͨҲͷӦ
λһһͣʱͽһڼ˾˵һһġ
ƺȷʵ֤ʲôӲϴȥҶıɱͬ˾
ٿӰ򣡡ֹٴ׳һļ˾һڴ
֤ݣ
ܿģֹӰٴϿճ֡
һγֵӰȴǰͶҶ֮ǰԼǰͶصǾ仰
λ֤˴裬ǵģۣҵһ֣쾪ضҶ֣
ͶΪεĻ
ˣֻҪ̫ļ˾ϣѾ˶ߡ
ʵǰͶͶֵ֮ѵҶ棬ԸΥҶʵˡ
ǲûнѵҶ棬Ͷ㻹Լ˽ȥ
ȻҲǸˣͽƷҶıɱͬ˾֮
ͨͼųλȨҶ棬ͼŴȨ֮ľҳͻ
Ӱһųǰְ֧Ͷֵܵļλռʱͱտڲԡ
ڶȨͨɵɫҲЩѿ
Է֣ʵǡ
ߴȨͨȴ治ɫĵҲһ֤ݣڲ֮ʱĴβ˵⼸䳡滰
Ͼֻ䣬ֵȫԸʧҲпܵģ
ֻǻǶѣҲ֤ݣ
Ц
ߴȨͼųЦ
˶˵ͼŴȨһͭһȻԣʧҲпܡ
ô˰Ͷôͳıɱ
鰴ô˵ͶҶ棬ˣ˰Ͷıɱ
ӮȫڰͶߣѵҶñ᣿
˵һŭҶ߶ʵͼŴȨ⹫ֺڣ
Ϸ£һ򹫵
ͼų˵꣬ҶͳͼųŭԭͼŴȨĹ
Ҳ±ʮ˾Ц𣿡
Ҷʣ֤ݣͼųɫѾѿޱȣ翹
ģϷ
һֹЦ𣬡ͼŴȨ㻹ȱѻ˵̫һԸԸ²̨
׼һӰ
ӰȴǳֱֹԴ߷չʾͷ
ҶͶսĳ档
Ͷһ֣ƾ˵ĻʸҶ龰
һΣӰгֹĽ˵
׼λȨλռڳļ˾ǿԿҶȻս쭱Ϊֻͨء
ңڴ֮ǰҶ湫ֳսսնɱǿߡ
ǣͶȴնɱǿߵľսңһ֣־ʸɱ
ҶΪȥҶ棬ͱһѪˣȫʬ¡
Ҷ棬Ҳ˶𷴻ģ
ȻµʵǰͶͶֵˣ֮ıҶ棡
ͼŴȨºȴǺָ𣬲Ҫ۵ڰףҶ
֮λ޴ǣͼųĴ˳ֹĿߣЩֻƶϡ
ֹͼųĺƤҲǷˣʱ˵һҲˡ
ͼŴȨϹˣ˵ģȴûϹ
һԣͼųȻŭ֣㡭
ˣסڣ
ͼų֮ⷢʣɫµĴ׼࣬һŭ
ͼߣ㻹ӲȥȨ棬Ҫ㶪ˣ׼ָͼųŭ
ͼųһ죬ȴŲӵ࣬˵Ϸﶪ
ȴǲͼųһĿ˳ĬĵڶȨͨɡ
ͨ˼أ
Ĵ׼ѯʣͨɴʱЩԥ
һĻ׼ȴŭˡ
úúã
زǻϷϴãȻ붪ˣϷǽ泹׸˺ϡã
˾ȻĿУ׼ǵȥ߱˵
Ȼǲϣ֤ҲϣϷǿж϶Ҳϣ
ǺãϷڷ٣ڴǬٿڷᣬʥӡ䡢Ƕһǿһ׮׮֤ݣ
ȻҴڷ
˵ǰ漸ֻͨͼųɫ䣬һ䣬ȴͨͼųϵѪɫʧ
ԭܼ򵥣׼ྡǴ׼ȴβЩȨĴܶǴǸ´ȨģΨܵڷ
Ҳ˵Щ֤ǽоһͼųԺĲûˣǳ군ˣ
ڰͶֵܣһ漰ڷᣬΪڻڻˡ
˲Ϣ䣬ߴȨͼųͼˣæĿͨɣ˼Ҫͨء
׼ҳ󲻿£ͼȷʵĲԣڲãڲãڶȨͨ޿κε˵
׼ŲһͣʵͼߣԸܴ
ߴȨͼųϸޱ飬Ȼεĵ˵ͷԸ⣡


1710 
ʵڶѾսս飬ͼŴȨͻ򣬾ͼųŭ֮¿ڲԡ
輰Ĺս顢ʹӶѪԼҴϣ
׼˵ĺһ˵Ŀһɨ˷ļ˾ǵķӦ
ǣͼųڲԣȴ³򣬲ǿļ̤ϣûиͶҶ֮ൽʲôҲ˰ͶɱΣ
׼仰Щͨ˾鶼Щ⡣
ѵǴ׼Ҫ̻ߴȨͼų
Ҷ볤ֹһ㶼ôΪ
߲ȨദΪء
ңͼųɫһҲûתȻΪЩֻǸЩȨЩ̨ףҪ̻
ͼųΪȨһ֮ǡɱΣɴͻʧ첻֮
ԣߴȨͼųĹս顢ʹҶ桢Ǹ
⣬±֮ŷ˼һ£
׼һߴȨͼųɫͱˡ
ǳͷ̫ᣬ̫
ͼų뷨УĹսǸųֹǸΪһߣλȻ
ֹ߳ǻʷȨʵ͵λһλּ硣
ǸͼųԽܡ
ǣҶǸʲô
һССȲһСС
εºֵǸ
˵ģ֮Уλ͵ĶһȲ
ԣһȨô˵棬ҶǸǾ޿ܡ
棬ֹɨء
ϧǣ׼նû˿˼ͼųͽĿ⿴˵ڶȨͨɡ
ϣܹͨ
ôĽڶȨͨܲͼų뷨˼
ԣһͼųĿ⣬ͨһ׼׼ּۻۡ
ֻͨǿȥ׼ڣһ죬׼ཫΪ֤Ӱһ֣ȫյУߡ
˲Ϣͨɵס
ô̫꣬׶Էͼˡ
׼ȷĸͨɣûκּۻ۵뷨ģǲԸľϡ
ôܼ򵥣ֻܽ㣬ڴǬڷˡ
һ׼ƣͨɾȷıͣȻͼų΢΢ҡҡͷ
ͼųϷľϣǷ͸ϽִУǲϷҲǿ󣬽ϷִȨǬڷ۶ϴ£׼ʱͱˣ
ʱͼųɫͱˣжѿжѿ
ƫƫٶý¸ꡣ
û취Է֤̫ˣҪŪǬϣͼųĿɾͲֹˡ
һɲǣͼųǰߵʥǧǰվȻ
λս飬Ϸɱ󵼣гײԭϷرѪ׼񣡡
ͼųߵֹǰޱϣϷ󵼣е빫¼£
̸ϣԺͼŴȨעЩЩ˵ЩЩȴ˵
ֹǽѵһͼųһ䣬ʱͼųɫ࣬һģ·˴žž졣
ֹǸ֮ͼųȴ˳ʮϢŻתҶ档
ȻҶһʹǸʵ
ҶʹϷļڿ죬״Ҷʹ£ͼų˵
䣬ͼų͵תתɲǣͼųĿһҶգ̵Ҷ۲ѣһ˿ɱһš
ͼŴȨһ˻ô·ģȥ֮ȼ裬ٻ¼У
Ȼͼųɱ⣬ôҶҲԸͼųһӣͼų
ͼųŲһ٣һ£ǽŲӿ죬뿪
ŽͷǸŭ˵Ҳûٴˡ
㣬ûϻԸͷҶٴ𣬽ոӳŵͼųһ
գûлͷ˲Զȥʧ
ŵߴȨͼų뿪׼ľͽĿ⿴˰ͶͶֵܡ
ȻͼųǸϴˣôδһխͼıֵˣ
ͶͶֵܶ˿֪׼ȵ


1711 µĺô
ͶͶֵܶ˿֪
׼һȣͶͶֵϵѪɫʵһɶ
׼ȴûиֱĻᣬֱһ־ǬٺϣߴȨͼųˣֵˣǾټ򵥲ˡ
ͶͶֵܣխ¶ˣн֮ͼıʹҶ֮ӡ
ͼıʧ֮󣬸ǰŪǷǣ¶ˣɴﲻ⡭
׼ý֮ʣήڵصİͶͻȻϥеǰߺ׼Ҫ
ţ
׼Ŀһжһŭ𣬵ߴȨͼųˣҲͰˡ
ͶͶֵֶܸΣҪֵһӡ
д˴㣬ԣ׼һ˵ͷ
ش׼׼ԣҰͶȫЩ飬Ҵ޹ء
Щ飬ȫҵ⣬ҴֲֻҵθҰæҴ޹ģ
׼غͳʹң벻Ҫ꼰Ҵ磡
һļ˾ǣ鶼Щ⣬ͶҲһ⡣
˭û뵽˹ؼʱ̣ͶȻὫȫһϣΪĴ硣
ڰͶ˵ǣûŵġ
£ֻҪɵӣֵܿܺıġ
ΨһģǰͶȻ塣
׼ҲЩ⣬һʱ侹ȻûϻӦ
ͶȴѵõʱΪԼĴϴ
׼Ҷ鷳ֵػսйء
ҶˣȴǧػսĴʹ֮λҲˡ
ȥ֮һֱҪҶ鷳Ҵ绹һֱȰҡ
Һ
ǡҾǿҪҴ䣬ͼһڶ

ŰͶＫܵĽԼܵĸͶϴף˵鴦ѹƣϼϱ۴ѪȥΪҡ
ģô׼೤̾һ
̾ȴҶһֲ֮С
ôĹ򣬸ôĶѲɻܳ׵ĽͶͶֵܸϳ
Ͷ˼ϷѾף£˺ıȴȫԼϡ
ҪǴãص񣡡ȻҶԤϣ׼ྐྵȻ˿ڡ
ͶԴϲæͷ׼ȱӦһе
һԵİͶ䣬ǰ˵ȴͷİͶĵ˻ȥ֮겨ϡ
Ŷ̶һɲǼ䣬֮Ӧ˼伤ҵĽ
ðɣϷֵҲǳȫȵֵ֮壬ϣǺΪ֮
˵꣬׼һͶ⺦ˣŪǷǣسȥһְ˾
طڷ۰꣡
ڷĸ֣ڳļ˾ǵ鶼ЩȻȻʲôõط
ڷ֮ܿһޱȵգǽǿߣҲĿܡ
ҪǣǺڷȻһЩĵرȴڶϾ״̬
涼Ϊѣ˵Ƿˡ
һҪֿķգһ߻Ҫ߶ڿȵȣԪգֻܿʯʱʱ̿ڱѹե
ϣֻҪںڷһϣΪͻῪʼ䡣
ںڷ۵ʱԽΪķԽ
Ͷںڷ۰꣬˳ʱ䣬֪ͶΪ䵽̶ֳȣ
ܻܲ궼⣡
֮ͷһ߶ԣǳأ
Ͷˣ
⣬Ͷ²طһ꣬ȿִУ
˵꣬׼Ŀ⿴˳ֹ֣ϷĴãɻ֤
ֹ˵ʲôҶ볤ֹ뷨ýͶҲڷ۰꣬׼˵˳ȫ˵ֵ֮壬˵ʲô
׼෣Ͷǰһ꣬Ҳǹˡ
ֻҪͶ뿪һʱ䣬ʲôĸȫʰױձࡣ
ԺûͶһӰҲ΢΢ûʲôˡ
˵ҲֹҶ˴̡
ֵˣ
˸СĿû֮⣬ԤļĿ꣬ͶֵܵǸϳΪеӰҶ볤ֹеȨЩĿ꣬ȫˡ
ѱϣ׼ʹһ뿪һͬ뿪ģеڶȨͨɡ
ͨϣʱһʧܼơ
ڶȨλϵˣܱܵģ
뿪ʱй⻪˸ȻѾ˼ʲô
֮ĵĴڼ
λҶ볤ֹȴĵ괫졣
սһת֮ʱң˵㿪һҪҪһ˼Ҷ˵
ҵ
ֹ˼һ£˵Ҫһ컯ѪɣУҶ磬˽һϲħؽʱһֱӻҳֲֹ֡һ䡣
ðɣ֣Ҵǻ֪Ҹϵܡ
ԣһЩĺôȴָһּۻ۵Ȩȡ
ޣô˵ֹ¶˺֮ɫЩô


1712 һλս
ô࣬ؼֻһǿٽһʹʹѡҶ滺˵
ʹʹֹüһжر˵Ĺ⻪Щ⡣
ֹ֮⶯ҪǴʹһְޱȵĹؼ
ͻ֮УҶʹڳֻгֹôͻúܼ֡
ǳֹһʼͽԼһ컯ѪͳΪƷ׼
вߴȨͼų
ҶʹڳȴԲκδ۵սҿʱϡ
ҶûڣֹҰæüڶȨͨɣǿɾͲ˵ˡ
ΪЩĹս˵ʹ֮⣬Ҫ붯ǣһĴǲܡ
ңʱҪҲҪٸô
Ҷȫһսֻ֮ҪºһľѪ׼⣬Ϳԡ
һ£ʹֻһλ
ǹսͬ£ٶһλʹʹҲǿԵġ
֮õҶûڣֹҲԸͼųŶԡ
ȫֲûռĶ̰塣
ǳֹ⶯ԭ
ʲô
ôȷˣҲÿԷ
ҵȻǳ컯ѪӦҲ֪컯ѪҿԸּۻۣһȨȣҶһЦ⡣
ȨȣֹЩס
ҸҽҪܵõһ컯Ѫ÷۳һζõֲźá
˵㲻Ը⽻ףҽۣãҲҪõ㷽۳ǵ컯ѪİɣҶ˵
ɣ
ֹЩȻһ컯ѪͳȥԣԺʧܴ
ȻûеڶȨͨԵĵΪﵽ۷ʱҪôš
ǱعƣΪﵽ컯Ѫĳ̶ȣһ컯ѪҪ굽һǧĿ๦
Ͼǵ컯Ѫ֮п̺崫֪ʥŮѡǱڵĴзޱȵ
ǧĴۣǳֹʱҲ
ǰɣҲǵ컯ѪĶʮ֮һ
ֹ֮ĴۣܾԺʮʮĿ๦ʮĹ򣬳ֹܹܵġ
٣ΪҵĴʹҷѾ˴࣬˼óֹɿڣͳ˷ǵ컯Ѫİɣ˵ҶѾǱﲻסЦ⡣
ԼҹսĴʹҶģֹҶһۡ
ģϾܴճһԣҶЦ
Ҷ˼ǴճһרſԼҹսĴʹǳֹţͷȴĪһֺˡ
ʹʹֻͳҪĺô
ԣֻõһ컯ѪİɣҲ̷Ĺؼָ
ܹһλ˳˯ս飬ӳ˯ҽƻָңӦҶʹս
ʥսǿҲʥ˾ӵԣǵʵ졣
Ҷ볤ֹ֮󣬾¹
ʹʹһ£һ컯Ѫİһ£ҪܵĽУؼʱ̣˵Ч
Գֹݣȫпɲԡ
ΪҶضൢ˼Ĺ
볤ֹһʱ䣬ܵһ컯Ѫ׼
ԭǵ컯ѪԼĪлƶСͳȥɣֻһСȥǳ١
ǣȴǳĸˡ
Ҷ棬£ǷģԿóȷʵǰ£˵ȷȨ֮£Ҳ˾ģģһ㣡
Ժ£ܶطǣǱضȫԸ
Һˬ죬ˬĶҶЩ˼ˡ
£ûʲôֱӾ볤ֹö˰ɵķݶ
˵ķȨһ£ʵ봫ʹһְйء
һλʹʹôҶʹȨ֧ͻᱻȥ١
ָ¡
Ҷ볤ֹԣȴȫûӰ졣
ûʲôҽ˵һ컯Ѫ֮󣬻һλ˳˯սѹָս
ܸλս𣿾һ棿Ҷʵ
ҺǺһЦһ㣬ʱ֪ˡ
ģÿһˣǰȥÿһ֮ʿս֮ʿ
ҹ֮УãԣȽָλս飬ҹս֮ǵɱɱ
һ££Ϳ֪ˡҲһ䡣
Ȼô˵ˣôҶҲֻա
ԣϣɱɱ˵Ļ
սսļӳ£⣬ѾõڵĵߴȨͼų˿ġ
ɱٴγɱǽɻֵõڴ
ΨһϧǣǰסߴȨͼųΣֻܳڡ
֮⣬ҵսһ̶½
ˣˡ
ԭΣ֮ƣҶǿݷ֮һ̡
Ҷ汾ΣҶµħĶӣȴ˴ô
ңѲµ·ѲʹǱҲϢ
һǧҵɳӳϹŲŲƵϷ룬ͷϸʧְλ
㱨ѾѲУΪѲѲ˾Ѳֶ֮һ
ҶĽȻôô
ǽܳͽŪߣһСˣ˳ưһЩպõĶӡ
й飬ҶѾԤ
һʼ¡˳Ƴ֣ԿԽڵԪˡ
ǣ̸Ǿ״ӣԣֻԪˣԲ룡
ҶģǳӣԱպá
ôӲܲºǾѲ·Ѳʹεˡ
Ѳ˾ģѹҶ潻ͻʵķպõĶӡ
뿪֮ǰҶԥţҪҪǰһҹʮһһ㣬ٸһδ¼˳ٿӿĳˣ
룬Ҷ滹ˡ
ںӱߣܲʪЬ
Դϴ屻Ҷһҹʮһ֮˵֮ʱڣظۡ飬ǸԼۡĲر⣬ǿ
һ˹
Ͼǰ֮
Ҷ֮ǰ£ɾˡ
ҪǲСı׽ǿɾʹˡ
Ϸ
ְִʮ֮Ҷ۰ݱʼ¡ȥ˾츮Ǳ˴˾Ԥͷ뿪أʱ̤˹·
֮ڣѾһһˣ


1713 ʼ¡ĺ
˵ְ·ϣҶԴ̣ĸ·һҲʲôΣա
ôת·ϣͻ÷Σա
ʱ·ϣҶԱȻ࣬ϵ£Ѳ˾ؼţҶİȫԱ֤
ǻת·ϣɾû
Ȼ˵ҶһλתأɳӳǷµˣһЩô볤ֹһ𣬽УνǴȫʤ
ǣ棬ʥأҶνǵأ巽棬ҲҶľֱͨһֱҶ汣⡣
ͬʱҶ֮УֽǵߴȨͼųģڶȨͨҲҶС
ĳСϺĳλλȨصǿ߷ǳˬǳļǺޣӰλǿߵĺܶ档
ôλǿõʲôأ
뾡취棿

һŲ
СϺˣҲһ˰ˣˬˣҲˣ治÷ᣬҲûص
ҶǸСϺףĵڶߴȨλȨصǿߡ
һ㣬ҶԤϵˡ
ΪǻҶ棬Ҳô
˭һСϺļ涷
һҲģ
ԣس̵·ϣܻǳա
Ҷ汾Ѳ˾ְ˾µ죬⼸Ѳڶ·ѲʹһӦ
˵Ҷ񣬲˵λڹܣ⼸λҲ˳
Ѳ˾졢䡢ɱǱֶΣ̽ţĻѾ಻ˣģֻǾ顣
ԣҶس̵ǰ죬ˣ͸Ҷ׼׻ת·ߡ
׷νǧ
һ׿ɿߣҶóĳڶ飬ǧ̡䡢㡢ңеټɴ˵ע
Ҷ򻯳˵ģٷر
˲ߣȫԽٷ֮١
ҶĻ֮ǵǿ߶޷͸һӷɢעҶ԰ȫ
Ψһȱ㣬ǵǿг֣ҶԱвԤ
ҶȴûѡⰲȫԼٷ֮ٵĵһ׷ѡṩĵ׷
Ҷ˴δԱ͹죬Ǵǧ̣Ҷ漫ΪҪһǼֱҶ޷֮ʹ
ͷжߣ
뿪ټٷһ뿪Ҷǧ̡ˣ뿪֮ԭϵϹŲ֮ʱҶٻֱŲͬϹŲơ
ҶִеƻȴһССı䶯
뿪֮ûãǧƾʧˡ
ִԭϹŲ֮ʱҶѾʧ֮ˡ
Ԫ鰢̫Ļûǿ߶޷ƣ˶ĵطƾʧʵ̫ˡ
˵ľܵ·߹滮£һ֮ҶͳںԭϹŲ֮С
Ҷ沢ûϻתǡ
ǵһҪҶ涼죬жҶĿԱ֤Ŀ뿤ξƜWԷġ
ʵϸҶټ˾䣬Էġ
֮ڽ֮ʣҪǣʵ
Ƕʵ
µ֮ڣʵʼ¡Ҷĳɳʱѡ
¾Ҳû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼܹڡ
̶ʱ䶼Ҷ治ģֵλȨ
ҶĳӣҲְֺޡ
ȷʵܰ£ܸ£޵̫ǣˣһþͻһš
ҶܹƾѲϴǧ¸ô̡
ʼ¡Ҳֻ붤һŶӣŶȴųɳΪĿԡ
뿪ʱʼ¡㳯ʹҶ棬ҪҪɸֱҶ档
һ֮Ҷ滹Ǿܾˡ
㳯˼ԸҶһλǿߣΪм
ǣҶĹȴࡣ
ǿͨĪ⣬ǿȷʵҶĿǰļġ
Ҷϣ̫ùܣǰһλڻʼҵĵǿ߸ţôҶܣһþͻᱩ¶
һĳЩؼԵܱ¶ܣսѪֻħ˧½һ¶벻ı仯
ҶƣЩ˵ǵǿߣǻʼңҲһЩõ˼
ԣʼ¡ɵǿߵĺ⣬Ҷ滹Ǿܾˡ
Ҷ뷨ǣԼʵҪ
ԣҶĹ򣬺úõǱһԼһʵս
ʱ䣬ռʱ֮£ޡ
ޣ㹻Ҷʵսһˡ
ԣҶλתǴӺԭ뱱Ȼֱʥˮ


1714 
һ·̫ͣıݣҶһ·ߵޱȵء
ڵﺣԭǺҶ̵ʱڷɵֱϿգֱӶ˺ףʱʱĻɸֺǱС
ǱзнС
Ҷģ£׷ͨطĴܣҲһܹ׷Ҷ档
Ͼ׿ɲ½գмѰ
ˮһʲôۼȫûˡ
ʮҶ氲ȫĵִʥˮͬʱҲյ˵Ϣ
һˣǰȫִﱱǡ
һ·ٷиǱĺۼľѡ
ҶҲû˵ʲôЩȫԤ֮Уֻǽǰƻ£Ǳ뱱֮еи߲Աϸɸ顣
ظξıԼڶ·ѲʹڲԱĵϸŲ飬һ㶼
Ҷϵʥˮʱ򣬾ʥʥƺʥˣʦηɰ׶ѾյҶķѶȺʥˮ
ĵܣ㽫ȫ۽ɲ̫ȵǻˮǶһûǵʱ䳤ˣǻĲȡ
һ棬羸ʥЩġ
粻õģѾ죬ɵڣʱڲ¡
ڻˮѾ˺ǹȥ򣬼µӦò⡣Ҷ˵
ʱڵҲû£Һ֪ĵܽǾ۽ʲô°ɣʥʵ
ģҪ˭ҪԸ˭ܰţˮĴĲˣеƺʥȭͷ
ΪгɣոֽıƷĳ̶ȣأʥ˵
ԾԾսˣȴҶЦãҪȥ˭ֱֻ뼸λ絽ĳϣôðŷսǾ۽һ𡣡
˵ҶһɫΪ˿ٵλʵ
ʵƺʥ͵һ˵ĵܣ㲻ңָ㵽ʲôϹľѪɣ
ܱצľѪЧǿģֻӵϹľѪˡ
ԣҶ淭һİۣܴϹŻڵĴڣÿһʵɲ⣬Ǹʵ
˵£ޱȵĽҪһ˿й¶ǻǵȥ̸ɣҶ˵
Ҷ֣أʥһ࣬ȻˣǾίǺ͵ˡ
һɲǣʥһ죬͵ؾͱڣҶ桢ʥƺʥηɰһ˽ȥ
۹⻪˸תۼͳһռ䣬ϸܱȴźɫԶǽϸҺ졣
ȴһռм䣬մȾЩҺ
Ǿʥı֮ͨ
ʥ޾һ壬䱾ͨȴӵһڿռ䡣
൱ĳɾ˽ǿ߲ӵеĽ硣
ʥԣ⴦ڿռ䣬ʵθһ̵֮ˮ亣
һ˱̽⴦ռ䣬ͻΪ׵ĸ
Ϊ⴦ռ䣬ԳһĿռ䣬ֻǱмθѡ
κ˵ͨǿǿ츳ͨҲһ
˵͸ˡ
ԾʥڵĽΪ̸ĵص㣬ѹ±͵ȥ
ĵܣ徫ѪٶȾ͹ˣѵʲô죿վ֮󣬸ʥʵ
㻹˵ϴηֱ֮ʱȻֻʮ첻ʱ䣬ʥΪʮĽ
ʥƺʥΪֱͨںͳڣѾԽҶ档
û취ﾫ֮Ҳϲϡ
֮ǰ뾸ʥСĸʥΪѾͨͨڣСĸС硣
һҲԼԼмӦϢС
ʦηɰףצľѪò󣬵ͨʥʦηɰ׵Ϊֱһأﵽͨ񾳶ء
ҶľǣηɰżתĿ⴦ˮͽ
ҶƣӦηɰ׿ʼǱɷԵʡ
ò˵ʦηɰһ츳治Ǹǵġ
ȱģֻʱѡ
λ磬ʦ㣬ûʱ֮Ҷؿʵ
ʱ֮
ԣηɰףǾʥֻƺʥҡҡͷ
ʱ֮ʲôΪǴδм֮иûУ
һϢѾӦĸʥͻȻ¶ϲ֮ɫĵܣǴ˵еĿԸıʱٵ
ѵĴм֮һἰҲǳļ򵥡
ֻ˵ʱ֮컯пյ
ҶЩ⣬û뵽ʥ֪ѪУȷʵǳƾá
û
ǰЩӣżһӵʱ֮ҽз֣߷һ죬Ѿʮ졣
ʲôһ죬ʮ죿
˵ʮ죬߲Źһ죿
ʮ߲꣬Źһ꣡
ӵʮʱ䣿
Ҷ˵꣬ʥʥƺʥʦηɰ˾;治ѣ˲Ϣ⵱еļֵڡ
󣬾ʥͻȻЦĵܣʵӦýӵʱ֮֮˵ǵġ
ֵ죡ҡ
磬ǣҪȻҲ¡
磬ҵ˼ǣǽ˱ްʱ䣬Ǽ˵ΪһȵԴȱ¡
ʱ䣬൱ǿϣϣҵΪͻƵڣƺʥϲ
ҵ˼ʱڣǾͷ飬һޣֻҪΪȥˣһжúף
ã
û⣡
ƺʥ븲ʥӦĺʹ죬Ǿʥȴԥһ£ĵܣ߶˱ģ
Ҷ汾˵κģԳһԪ䡣
һ뵽ʥ仰˼Ҷԥһ´˱ÿҪƷʯһ飡
ã߶˱ģģ˵ʵܽʱ֮дԵʵմĵܵˣʥ˵
Ҷ׾ʥ˼ʥֵܹ֮ϵά겻ִһһĺ
ʥλ粢Ϊһ£ֵ֦֮ᡣ
ʱ䣬Ҷǵĺô̫ˣൽ޷ˡ
֮ǰѪǺצѪǺߣǶԼֱ޼֮
ʱҶóһǼӿʱ֮ʥǲʲôĻҲ᲻
˵ʥҲףһƷʯҶóʱ֮ľ޴öԣҲοѡ
ôͿʼҶʵ
Ϳʼ
֮󣬾ʥʥƺʥηɰˣ̱ռ֮С
ҶҲƾʧ
ֻҶħ˧һࡣ
޿ʼ


1715 
ʱ˵˵̡̲
ЩΪﵽǵǿ߶ԣʱ䣬ǵָһӼ䣬ϵΪ١
ڵҶ桢ʥηɰ׵˶ԣʱ䣬ֱҪ
ҶƴնɱǿջԴȺ£Լһҹʮһľջ
ֻʥǶţ𺣵״Ƕսһĺջ񣬶˺Դ
ǼһʱЩԴЩջ̵ʱתʵ
ڽ֮ǰҶһֱ뷨ȴһֱûĻᡣ
ѹǵʱСģһӳʱȫȫޡ
ڣҶóӵʱ֮ıȴܽʱ䣬ʱ䡣
һӾеҪΪʵҶ棡
ԣ޿ʼûãһСͻƣͨسͻƵͨڡ
Ҷ滹ʥֻηɰףһսԶͬߣǹͬĶ̰壬Ϊ
ԣӿһʼҶ滹ηɰףֻʥ޵Ŀ궼ܼ򵥡
֮ڣκ似ͨطȫΪ
õԴҲȫġ
Ĵ½ųɵߣܹмöƷ鵤ͲˣҶˣֱõƷ鵤
õʯҲõƷʯ
ҶϲģȴˮlΪƵĵҩ
ԭҶļƻˮl֮С
ǣǵڵˮlҲȱʱˣҶͽˮlҲ˽
ˮlҲ֪ҶĺܶܣҲһ
û뵽ˮlȸҶһľϲݸҶһƿҩ
ǣ
Ҷ񵤣
ĺؽϷռĵ֮һϷо֮󣬷񵤣ҶЧ
֮󣬾Ƴ񵤣ҶӦûáˮl˵
ΪЧ˵ҶȤ
˵񵤵ĵʵֵǮҲѿͨ
ҪԭΪ񵤣鸮ߵΪЧǷ鸮߷ˣЧһ㲻˵е
ϣǺĴ½߶ϲսǿĵһ鸮鸮
鸮ֻۺ־õ鸮֮١
ûгҲû󣬼ϼ۸ָߣȻͷǳټˣֱ򲻵
ǣҶ鸮ߣȴǳǿ
ÿտһţһŵЧȴ൱Ŀ޳ɹ
һ񵤣ֻҪʱĹ
ʱĹ򣬾൱߿ĹЧ񵤵Ч֪
Ҫǣ񵤣ҶΪͻƵ֮ǰЧġ
ΪﵽǽõĵرߣЧҲ
൱ͨЧ
ǿҩЧҶЩš
˵ÿһ񵤣൱죿
ôĿʱ䣬൱ʮꣿ
Чֲ̫ˡ
ЩŵҶ棬񵤣ⵤҩЧ
ʱ֮󣬵Ҷ泹ҩЧ˫֮󣬾ͿЦпˮl
Ҷæ־ˮlҾȥ뵤ҶһݣҶĳȻɵ֡
ˮlֻ֣ҩЧȷʵǷᣬȷʵš

ʲôҶ׷ʵ
Ҷ񵤲Ӱһԭ򣬾ǳɱǳĸߡĵҩҩֻһζ񵤣ҩζÿһζҩļ۸񶼲͡
ټϷĿǰĳɵֻĳɣƽһö񵤣ҩĳɱҪһǧƷʯ
һʮƷʯңң⻹жеԭҩǴЧļ۸
ɱۣͷһܹõġңҶΪԽԽߣõҩҲԽԽߣ۸Ҳɱ
ʮƷʯ
Ҷһ㣬һӵû£㾡ʯһ
ɣҶĳҲܽװ׺ķѪÿһԳɱ۵չ
ԺɱҲˡ
ˮlƴǣҶ˵ֵҲһˣ⼸˼λˮŮûҲɣܲΪǰװǰɣˡ
ԺֻҪƵĵҩȫԳɱ۵չҶ˵
ˮlȻĵĲϣ⼸꣬Ҷ֪ģķˮŮ
ҶôҲǳ֮ҪȻˮlԹԣˡ
ңҶԳɱ۵۸չˮl׬һ룬Ҷߣ׬ˡ
ĴʦʦƷĵҩûһҩڳɱ۵
ңƷԽõĵҩԽǱ
ڴ֮ǰ񵤵мۣǧٿ鵽ǧƷʯ֮䣬⻹ֻͨõġ
ˣϷȴ֮ˣˮŮζǲͬҶ
ˮl˵꣬ԶηɰĿͽһֱˮlĺֱӱ͡
Ҷȴæת˻ʵˣ񵤣ôʦλأûкʵĵҩ
ԣˮlˡ
Уأ
ϷЩ꣬ûϹңҪҶ⣬УΪҶΪƵĵҩġ
ĵҩȽ⣬õĵرҲΪųɣλʥҪĵҩͺˡˮl˵
ʥ˶壬õĵҩ徫ѪΪˮlüζҩ徫ѪЧ̶ȵķӳ
ƳһööѪ𵤣֮ǰĳ̶ϣѪҩϡ
ʥѪѾֱʳѪޱ˷ѵķʽˡ
ǷһööѪ𵤣ҩһ˿һ˷ѣǿ֮ܡ
ηɰҪĵҩҪһ㡣
ηɰޱϵͨΪĵҩҪ
ҪˮlһּȿΪֿɷ֮ĵҩԽΪɷ֮ͬ
ֵҩѶĴ󣬲Ĵ½ⲻ֪Ļ£ǳֵĵֱ֮ɳ
൤ΪЧУΪɱ̫ߣò𣬽ľûгֻõ롣
ˮlΪηɰƵıڤ뵤ֵҩʽ򣬵ЧȴޱȾ˵ĵҩ
ⱱڤ뵤һҩĳɱۣҶ񵤻ҪߣÿһöߴǧƷʯ
ˮlԣ۸ıڤ뵤ҲֻЩר޺ɷƾáɵйҹڲŻơ
Ҷ桢ʥηɰ׶ԣڣֻȱǿʵķ۸ѹ⡣
ЩӣΪҵרĵҩҶٴγҾ
ϷӦõģ
һɲǣҶģˮlĴ½Ӣˣ


1716 Сèı仯
ʱһμʼ¡µ֮ڵҲԽԽ
ĸ߲㣬ҲռļҶ֮ǰĽʼӦĲá
⿪ʼһֽŵղ˵Ҷ棬ÿ춼Ҫ뿪һʱӱǱ߷
ϾϵĵҪҶѲʹȲӡ
νΨԼˣҶ㡢컹п禡ξƜWʮֵΣӡţҶԳС
γ˽ʮʱ䣬Ҷ׼뿪ʥˮת
֮ڽ֪ѲϴǧŻʲôУΪƣҶ滹ǻתΪá
Ҷ汾һεĿ޾ʹ˽
ϣ߰꣬ȴѾ꣬˺õЧʥ˲Ըȥˡ
ҪǼ˵Ϊ̫ǿˣʱ֮ӰµʱЧȫȫⲻһŵĿ֮£Դй֮¡
һεЧƾˡ
Ѿˡ
Ϊģʥ֮еĸʥ壬徫Ѫ͵Ѫ𵤣ЧΪǿ
֮ڣΪһٴﵽͨ񾳾۷壬˳ͻƵΪѾߴغڡ
ͣķѪצѪ͵Ѫ𵤣øʥѪͣ
ټҶӦÿʮøʥѪﵽһޱȾ˵ĳ̶ȡ
һѪӽӦڣʥĸ²˵צצ׮Ѿ֮Բ
ò˶ãʥͽΪһ
צ
ǧ˵ıҲһצѡ
ǾʥΪֻȸʥڡ
ԿóʥѪҲǿ󣬱徹ȻѾףǷ
˿͸ģȴƺʥƺʥԽԽĴ֣Ȼһ˿ɫޱȵļͣҶɽһ֮¾ȻԳնϡ
ΪҲﵽسڡ
֮£ʦηɰ׵Ϊûʥôǿˡ
ΪͻƵͨ񾳾غڣǣʥΪѾﵽȴûһԸηɰ׽֡
ϾҶ꣬˿֮⣬ûš
ƵƷоż
ʦηɰеɽǱҶѻϣƷӲҵ˼Ʒĳ̶ȣ
ΪΪ֮죬еˡ
ʱһҶҪ뿪ʥˮתǣʥηɰ׾ȻҶ߽ʱ֮
Ƕ뿪⼸ˮжһ£ûиô죿ʥ뷨ҶȻ
ĵĪģˮڵѾ׵кǺľʦ뿪һʱ䣬Ҳû¡
ңĵǻ֪ǰЩӸոһ츳ͨɣʥ˵
ޣµ츳ͨҶĿⶸر⡣
ҲʲôͨΪˮһߣһˮ׸·طϣȫʩչĻ˲Ϣʥ˵
˲Ϣ
Ҷͫһٶȣֻݡֲ
ƾٶȣʥͿˮڲ֮ء
ֻƴʱٶȣٶȣڵΪʩչΣҪ;ƿˡ
ǽٶȽʮϣҿԳʩչˮһͨһӡʥ˵
ҶĿһһӣ˵һӵĹ򣬾ܹԶݳ
ţ࣬ңҽˮһߵٶȽͰٱٶȣҿԳһ죡
ʥˮľѣҾںӵݺᣬԴˮֱ뱱
֮¼Ȩĵ£ֻҪĵʱܹӱϵʥˮʥ˵
Ҷüͷȴͨȷʵм£ϹȥĹ࣬Ҳûս˰ɣ
ʥȴǺٺһЦĵѵҾ֮ĸǬ
Ҷ۾һ˼ʩչˮһͨʱԴˣ
ûǴʮˣû⣡
̫ˣ
Ҷ˷ܵĴȭƾŴ츳ͨʥˮܹΪˡ
Ҳģʥ˷ܵ
Ǿûκ⣬λ绹ʦ㣬ǳפڱҲûκ⡣
ʱ֮Ҷһ˶·뿪ʥˮ
ľʦ·ɺסд䣬ǶУǻˮȣԷ
ʥˮȴء
ңֻҪذϣԮǰҶĽ
Ϸˣĸ˵ͷȴһħľ񣬡˧
뿪ʥˮҶԾʥˮһͨٶȣȷʵޱȡ
ϧʥΪ̶ֳȵٶȣֻܼϢ
ҪȻƾٶȣҲ޵ˡ
ʥηɰףҶ棬һһֱǱ޵Сè
ҶȽʱ֮ǱޣСèҲûš
̷ͣѪ顣
һǰСèͿʼ˯ѵ״̬ÿֻǻеʽ̳޾Ѫʵ¶״̬
ҶСèѪޣСèһб仯Ҷĸ֪
ҶӦСè겨ĻԾƺڴӳ˯״̬
ͳŻСè
΢䣬һֱ˯Сè͵˻ĿĿըһɲǣҶ֪Сè˼
һͽСè˳
𣡡
СèؼɲǣطһǵĻХ
ХУСè·ͻɽһԾ
һɲǣҶ飬͵رþޱȣ


1717 ֮
𣡡
ǵĻХո𣬾͸ȻֹǻХһͬʧģСèԼ
ǳֵһɲǣСèӰʧˡ
ҶûüСèηı仯Сèƾʧˡ
ͻأı仯Ҷþޱȡ
ûҶ߶ѰʧСèӰҶ汾ܵĸоռ죬һתͷɲǣͿһ˶Ļͷ̽
һĻûҶŸ
ͻأ̽һͷǻһţɵľͿԽҶȥ
ǻͷЦģǰѾЩһˣҶ滹һϳСè
ǡ飿
СèѾɹڻѪҶһСèɻ
͵ͷ˶ڵĻһҶܱ߻Ĵ
βҶǰƤĻεͷʹѾʧֻֻצҶסλȴʧ
ȻСèַʽ졣
ޣ
ڳ׵İѪϵĘVƣӴ˺գƾԾ
Сèϲ֪
Ҷ棬ҲǴСèˡ
СèһͷؽƷͻƳΪٺͻƳΪޡ
ѾСèļˣһδνϹŻѪͻƣճ
ΣڴˣСèҶߵˡ
ǰһ㣬ҶΪԽԽǿСèΪѪƣֻܳΪһȳ衣
СèеƤĴһӣͣҶʱһСèϵı仯
ʱСèͷ֮ǰ˼֮ԭһëųɶǰɫġ
һëǺɫǰɫ
һڰ׽֯ëСèγһƯĺڰװƣէһǳƯ
һϸǺڰװÿһ·ɢĳµ⾳
ĿޣСèѪϵͻƣΪҲ˴ȵ
֮ǰСèͨ񾳰غںڵΪʱڣڴƷ鵤Сèǳʳһ㣬ÿ첻ϡ
ʥѪ𵤣СèҲÿһţ֮⣬ÿ춼̷һѪʥˮˮʱʱĴɱĸ߼޵Ѫ⡣
£Ϊ벻ܡ
СèΪ˽أȸʥһسͷ
Ϊﵽسڣȸʥһߡ
֮СèΪȸʥߣΪǰ޿ʼʱʥͨڣСèȴͨ񾳰غڡ
Ϊô࣬Сèȴû̫ı仯
ΪڻһͲ;޴
СèҺúÿͻ֮󣬶ʲô£ҶЦ

ͳĻХУСèһ׵ĻС׳׸ߣޱȵ굽ҶĿ£һͷٵҶԶȥ
Ӳǧ׵ľ룬СèıǳĻëͽһ񷶥Ҷ滤м䡣
Ҷֻ͵һΣͳһҝȴ쵹ͨڣ
ǿռв𣿡Ҷ֮࣬СèѾŴһд
ͷһµһСѾڳһССĺӰԶԶ˦
СèʩչΣҶķСè¾ѵ츳ͨص㡣
СèĿǰʩչһ鴩ļ޾룬ǧңȴ羸ʥˮһͨҪһҡ
ǣСèȴĺͳ־ϡ
ʥˮһͨĿǰΪֻʩչΡ
Сèĸ٣޵£СèΪֶ֧ʮμ顣
ҪǣȴСèͨûκƣȫȫʩչ
Ǿʥˮһߣȴֻˮ
֮⣬Сèķб仯ҲҶʮֵľϲ
Ѫͻ֮СèдƿѾСʮ֮ⶼˡ
޵ģȴСèķٶȡ
ڴ֮ǰСèٶȣԼһʱͷһʮʱһʮ·ҵ߷ٶȲࡣ
ڣٶȴߴһʱ
ǽ۷塢óٶȵߣٶҲᳬÿʱ
ٶȣֻСèٶȡ
۷ǿߣǱٶȣֲܼϵķ춼ˡ
СèһнıܣֻҪѡһ˯ҲһֱУķһ£Ҳûʲô⡣
֮⣬Сèڹؼʱ̵ıҲǳɱ
£Сèڽٶȷֱʮʮʮʱ򣬿Էֱʮ졢졢һ죡
дԪıԳʱ
ⷽ棬СèٶȴҪȾʥҪңҳ־ǿ
ҲΪСèٶȵıԭԤƷرҪʱ䣬ڣȴ첻ʱ䣬Լ½ء
⻹Сèֻżٶάʮĳ̶ϣʱ򣬶ٶȷС
㣬ܸҶԼѵʱ䡣
ˣ֪ͬǱ޵ľͷ棬զˣ
ҶǽСèͷһͬӽڣһǱޡ
Сè֮ı仯ҶԾͷı仯ҲͻȻúڴ
һͳڡ
ҲҶŻѾͷɲǼ䣬ҶµͻȻͷһޱȵĻХ
䣡
Хո𣬻ûҶ淴Ӧǵص쫷磬ҶСèϯ
쫷ģһ·һķУڼţ


1718 磿

쫷绹δǷƣѾСèĶᡣ
Сèһ˲ͳչǳ׵ͣǿķǰڲϵı۶ѡ
Сèˣ
ҶУֲģȴ쫷ļķе֡
˵Ҷĺ壬ѹУʱ쫷ĵķе֣ȴҶһֱܵļɵ֮С
ߵֱǼ׼ģ
֮Ҳ˵쫷ĵķе֣ܹвҶ档
˵ʱʱ죬ҶҲ֪Сèܹܲ˿ʱҪҶСèǾԲܣ
鱦׹˲Ϣ両Ҷǰ׹УҶСèǰһ׹硣
ǣ쫷ٶȼ죬Ҷ׹ո۳ûгɵɲǣͱϯ쫷ߵķеָ˺˸顣
ɲǼ䣬쫷ЯŵĿޱȵ˺֮ҶСèֹ
ҶӦ쫷ķеոۡ
һҶͽսѪ졣
ͻַΧޱǿͻϮսѪҶĿǰΨһпܻסСèĶ
ҲҶսѪɲǣವһҶǰ⻪仯Ѿڿռв֮ͨС
ʧһɲǣҶһ
һףҶ鶸һ
˿͵Ϯ
ǣҶʱ䣬һֱʥˮУʥˮҲ¶棬ʱ䶼֮пޡ
ǰҶһ¶棬·ȫҶСèôͻᱻ˸أ
ռвֻܾͨͣԼһСèҶжݳڸ߿С
ʱֵĵص㣬ղűͻϮĵص㣬ǧ
ӦѾǸ͵ϮߣҶҪģ뷽跨̽̽͵Ϯߵʵ͵Ϯߵ˭ġ
ҲӦǽǱ޵Ĵ͡ġ
һ£
û͡ǧˣҲҶͽǱޡ
ļƻҶǲǰչ
츳ͨأʮֵҪ츳ͨΪߵֱӹϵ
ǧ̵ٻͨҲޱȵľ޴
Ҷ֮УǧǳҶΨһԪĴڣ֮ǧΨһһܵǿӰĴڡ
Ϊ㡣
ԣҶɴҲǧһͬǱޡ
Ƕ˵Ǳ֮أȴԪ鰢Ŀ£ռ䵥һƬռ䣬ʥ˸š
ռô߶Ҳ˵ġ
ʱҶ沢ûж˵ֻǰ
Ҷ׼͡ռͳһɲǣԶߣͻȻ˹ķ֮
һɫ⣬Ѹײڶ֮ƣҶ֮С
ٶȣֱ쵽˼¡
Сèˣ
Сӣ㻹ˢӣҲʥһˣ
ľǽ⻮һĴһĶУ̵ҶĶۡ
һΣСèȴǷӦ
һţ˲Ϣͻһڹźȥٶ˲ϢͱСèһʱʮٶȡ
״ԶǸ̶ٴ𣬡ӣ
ƾٶȣǲ
һ߳󷽵ǸӰ͵һ˲Ϣͽʮ֮ڡ
һȻͱԷ׷ˡ
ҲڴʱҶڿǰһ
һɫޱȵļͷһԴǧ״Сȴһչǧ״Сľ޴
ʱֻޱȵĻӶֻһſֲޱȡ̷еֵ쫷籩ͷγɡ
Ҷ֪쫷籩ôģͬʱԼҲϳǰֻͷ
磿
磬ǿ̫ޣ
ķߣҡֱϾָľǴ磬˵Ǵ˫һȣǾ
⣬Ǵͨٶȣ
жϳɲǣҶͫؽ˼£
̫޴簡
̫ޣѪҶǱ޵ľͷ̫ޣ֪߹ǿٱ
˵̫޵Ѫ֮УʨϻһĴڣôҶڵ̫޾ͷ棬һҰҰ㲻ϣ
жֲɼһߡ
һɲǣҶһֱĳ嶯
ĸһҲ̫Ҷ˰ɣ
Ȼ붯һͷ̫޴ԸҶ棡
Ҷһֹɲǣ쫷ٴǵϯͬһɲǣǴ羹ȻҶСèֱײ
Ҷ͸һɽֱҹûʲô


1719 ֮

˺һķչǧ׵Ĵ磬ŭһҶСèǹ
һΣСèķӦȴǳļʱǸ⵽͵Ϯʱ򱻴ˡ
籩СèһǰĿռ͵һ𣬾Ҷ˿ռв֮ͨС
Ҷ氵ҡ
СèͻˣҪȻҶֲĴ磬ֻܳԴˮ·ˡ
ҵҶүǰһԲǴ磬ҪǴ⣬ھѾ̵ʣ£Ԫ鰢Ǳ
Ǵ磬ʲôҴӹżĶ̫޴͸ǰһﳤĲ࣡
ٶȣģֻҪ꣬˫һپǾСèһδǧĴǰֵһɲǣͻͬʱ֣˺ɷ飡Ԫ鰢˵
ʲôҶһĺ档
Ǵ磬ȴйϵһԶûӦǴĸ𰣡
Ҷү㲻ҪΪǸС𰣬ҲǴм̳˴Եĺ֮һսǿ
ǣǰͷ𰣬Ϊߴڣ
ţ£ǰͷΪսնɱ۷ǿ
ͬΪĵǿ֮УսġԣҸĽ飬ӡ
뷽跨ӣӶԶӶԶԲĶ֡˵Ķֻ֣Ҫһ㣡Ԫ鰢˵
ôɽСлԪҲʰҶüͷ
ɽǿвǣҲ˵ѣԲңնĿԣҲǳĵ͡
СлԪף㻯ţ֮󣬿˵ǣлʩչ
ңɽֻ˵ѣɽɵвһѡԪ鰢˵
ҶͷһͻƺΪ𣿡
СлԪ׵ҶΪޣҶΪȻûǾʥǰߡ
಻С
ȣȴûдﵽҶԤеĳ̶ȡ
ҶԤƣޣΪӦܹﵽһغڻǶسڡ
ʵϣĿǰΪֹҶΪͨ񾳾۷壬ûͻƵ
Ҷٶ̫ʵ൱Ŀġ
ȻȲֹĵ츳֮еٶȣѾƶˡ
Ǳ룬ҶΪʹͨسڴﵽͨ񾳾۷塣
ҶҲͨ񾳾۷ؿƿֻҪҶԸ⣬ʱضԾ۸ͻƵ
ȴ˽鸮Ĺؼʱ̡
ÿһҶ潫鸮Ĺؼʱ̣ɵͻ˲Ϣ顣
Ҷǳɻ
ҶߣڣҶ·ֱԪ鰢顣
ҲǸ㲻״ɣôأ
ڶԹۿҶһͻʧܵĹ֮󣬲ŷҶͻʧܵԴͷԪ֮ϣ
ĺģߵ꣬ҶȴԪ顣
Ԫ㣬ÿһ֮ʱΪܲס
ҶЦã˿ЦǿЦ
ǰ͵ǿ߲͵Ԫ飬ԼԼ˸޿
ȱԪ鰢֪˶ĹҲδʱû뵽취
ҶΪĿǰͨ񾳾۷壬ʦηɰ׶׷ˡ
ҶΪֻǴͨͨ񾳾۷壬ҶսҲǳɱ
ԣô
Ͼ֮Ϊ̫ˡ
ҲԪ鰢ٵĹСèͲòӿռв֮ͨжݳ
ռв֮ͨУǿռСèֻƾ츳ͨѣ޷ô
һʩչͨСèֻһ򣬳ǧ֮⡣
ոճֵɲǣ̶ķ籩ХʹԶļ
ǧľ룬ҲˣǷ籩ХոɲǣѾǧ֮ڡ
Ҷɫһ䡣
СèͨѲ𰣬ĿǰٶȣҲȲ𰡣
֮׷ɱҶֻܿԼˡ
ҶģĿǰһѡ
תָһ꣬öͺХŴҶָɳֱ伲ɹ𰣡
Ҷ뷨ǣö꣬ȡԶʱ䣬ϾǵڵĴڡ
ҶԸҶͨСèڵһʱҶĻҶһ˲Ϣһϵ֮ǰʧС
ҶյɲǣҶ澪ķ֣Ǻ꣬ǰ͸Ƶġ
ſһ磬ϰٵҶ걬Ҷö꣬ͱϰٵ˷顣
˿˿쫷˲Ϣ䱻
Ҫ֪ڴ˴ο֮ǰҶ꣬شǿߵʵ
ҶΪ쭵ͨ񾳾۷壬ǽ۷ǿߣҲӲӡ
ǰȴƵġ
֤Ԫ鰢Է飬ǰĸսʵһı̬
ݷ
ƾʧҶ棬ոոϵ﷢һһЦ˸źֵķצһΣһԾһȻݺݵײһ
飡
ɫΣ·ˮһɢ˷˲Ϣء
һΣ޳ʧһ¡ӡ
ҿ㻹ܲصʱ
һЦϸС˫ĿԲȻʵʵ⣬ɫ֮УȻԳ
ϸ΢ĳҲ˺֡
ͬһɲǣոտݶյҶ棬ǵͨ죬𰵴ˮһɫεĳ¿ĳš
ˮһɫΣȻܹռ䣬ֱҶмѹ
Ҷߵÿһ㣬ɫεļѹ»򱬿ںϡ
Ҷ͸оѹɽһ㣬ֱ
Ӧ˵ҶٲжݳɫΣĿԽҶ漷
п֮࣬ҶЩڡ
ǼСèܣܻǰֽѵľء
ǾȥҶɣ
ҿ
ŭһҶԪ飬鸮ж˫Ŀŭ˵ԣȻǿеĽǼѹɫηֿ
ҶһŴ˿̷ٵźȥ
Ҷݳǧ׾룬ǸոձֿɫΣٴԸҵ̬ѹ
һ㣬ѹ֮֮ǰǿࡣ
һΣҶȴҲֿɫΡ
һ𣬾޿κεĴе
ɲǣҶһϲ͵ؼ٣˽ߵĴ󺣡
Ҷ滹ͲˣһϷɵ񣬻ڴ֮гײɣ


1720 ɽ
أߴȨͼųĸۡԺڡ
һĿһ˿ڣһ˿ڣ˵Ƥüëէһǿһһ㡣
ʱĿߣϥڵߴȨͼųǰ
ͶлȨ֮
Ҷ»ᱻʱ
ǰĿӣȻǰͶ
ǰİͶȻԲˡ
ڴϵҶǾϲǰĿӣǰͶ
ϸϸĴЩª˰ͣͻ֣ᷢǰȻò䣬ְܹͶӰӡ
Ͷ
ߴȨͼųЦһںڷ߻ħһɲǣͶѾ䳹ʧˡ
Ϊ˽ɽǺϣĺڷ̳ͼųǶһǳҪŰ嵽ڷӡ
ǸŰͶӣȴű¶Ŀܡ
ϥصİͶ̧ͷףðͶݣȨл
ҲһʹðͶݡ
˵Ͷ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ѾûаͶֻаɽİɽ𣡡
ͶӦǰɽȭͷ߬ǰ죬˼ײ
ɽǾɽһĳޡ
ϱ֮𣬶λ֮ޣ֮ȫҶйأ֣ҲԴڴˡ
ɽ𣿡
ߴȨͼųЦֵ˼ףҪǸҶ汨ûˡ
ԣɽ͵վĿŵߴȨͼųȨ⻰ʲô˼СұѪ޵ľ𣿡
С㣡ǣܾͻҶͷߴȨͼų˵
Ҷͷ
ɽ۾͵صɴ󣬡ѵǴȨ㣿
ͼųĵ˵ͷͼųΪߴȨȨ꣬Ǵ׼࣬ҲøҼӡ
ҶģȴñȨɨأ޹⣬Ϸǲɫ˻ΪϷ۸أ
ҲֻСӵѶЩĵļһϷڵͼųȵ
ɽ𻺻ĵ˵ͷϧд˵꣬ɽԥ֪ȨɳǺˣ
Ҷ֣ܸок֣²һĸܹԸģֻеǿ߲ȡ׼
Ϸ֪ܲһΣϷΪʮþȣϧõ׵һ飬붯һǰȥȡ׼ͷİɣͼų˵
ޣ֪ʵΣҶ£ɽЩġ
ڣֵȴʮλڣλǿߵͼųɨһ۰ɽ˵
ͬ޵У
ɽ͵صһȻصĵ˵ͷͷİɡ
ϷȺ죡ŵҶͷ͵֮ʣҲˣʱѡٴμ
ʱǡÿԳΪڽ֮ػȨǿ
˵ͼųһҶ֮ҪԸˣֻһ
ˣ
ͼų˵꣬ɽЦ
ͼųĿģȴ͸⿴ԶʣʱλѣӦѾ˰ɣ
һζԸҶ棬Ǹ˼ĴۣΪǹѣõһҪ鲻˵ΪҵҶ٣Ƿ˺ü飡
ҲͼųɽڴͬʱҶһһ㡢𰿰׷֮ʣһͷ˱
ɲǣ鸮ڵĺˮһĪѹɢһݵ׺ӿҶͷ
ָоеǻصĸ׻صĸо
ȻҶⲢĸоǺ̫źĹĸо
֫Ťһ£Ҷͷ·֮һ㣬źȥ
Ҷϣ˵ϵɲǣ𰼲ӵһͣˮˣջͣˮϡ
Ҷ룬·ɵţȣǱܵľˮ
ˮôʵ֪ܹӳ
Կ϶ǣٶȾԻؽ
û׷Ҷͷһɡ
ǰ׷ɱζţ֮ͬ˴Զ
Ҷȴûп飬һɲȴЩŭ
ǰǷǸϺһӴ飬ò״˻ҪĻᣬɲܷŹ
¸µУ˫һ񣬾ͳֱ
ɲǣһԼաǧ׵ľչԻӰٶͻһɲǣͻһɫ磬ֱ山


1721 һʧ
ɫļӰУһԾ͵ز£𣬾ͷ·ɫһ㣬ֱ山
ɫϣ𵴡
ɫʱ·⵶һ㲢һ𣬵ϸͻ֣ᷢһɫСΧĸƵš
ÿһ𵴣ھܱ߾ǿĿ磬𵴵Ƶʸߵ˼£ɫܱߣ۳һƬɫĹΣȥɷ
˽ӴɫɫΣͻ֣ᷢɫΣѹʲôΣоһγɵз籩
ɲǼ䣬һͷ˺棬ɫܱߵз籩˺ס
䣡
з籩֮ſնֻɫֱߴＸǧ׵ſվˡ
˲Ϣں׿ٳһпյˮͨ
һХһͷ⺣׵ˮ֮ͨУһɫз籩ǰˮſգٳˮͨ
һĻ澰ʼڱ·ߺפĿѡ
ģһ۾ٶȱԶֲ´ģȴǲͣǰ뿴ô¡
ſգ𰾹ȻӲĿӺ׿ٳһ׷ͨ
ͣǰһԾըһͣĿͨ߸ոձſռȥĺˮ»档
ǣȴܱſٳһ׳ĺͨں׸ǰ׷š
ǰͬ󺣵Ҷ棬ʱٵбźӡ
ƾźˮˮϵ׺ļˮ飬Ҷںζٶȼ죬˿Щ
ҶǳԽԽȫ̶̼Ϣʱ䣬ҶѾ뺣ࡣ
ͻȻ䣬ҶоˮѹһαͻıˮѹһᣬҶ淴Ӧ͸оϮ
оҶһֹޱȵĸо
ף
Ǻˮǧĺףôз磿
ܵĻͷɲǣҶͿһɫǵصâ飬˫צʱĿ
ǧ׵ľ룬ӵ̫Ѫݺ͵ڵĴڣ˵һɲǣɲҲòϡ
Ҷͷ͵طֱ֪һɲǣؿڡ
Ҫһߣͷ͵ؿôҲܳں׵ݣȻں׳ף¶ҪԾôһɲǡ
Ҫһģ
Ҷսߣͷĵһɲǣȥɣȥ̾ôα̬
ǻᱻһֱ֧䡣
ֱ˵ޱȣҲ򵥡
һɲǣѹݲҶ˼ӦԷɰǧսֱ᱾ܵҶһʶӦԡ
Ҷ嵽꣬ԥȥֱִܡ
һս־
˵ָоʵҲҶͷһɲɵġ
۾һɣҶΣƾʧ˺ˮ֮С
һɲǣҶ汾ܵʩչݣ뵽˺޴ˮ֮С
ҶʧɲǣͳҶ淽ʧĵط
ٴʧ֣𰷢һŭļХ
ХУɫķ粨·籩һҶʧطը
˲Ϣ䣬ͽҶղʧطܱʮﷶΧкˮȫըա
ݷǰûã
𰷢һŭͱ֪ǰСӶݷ죬û뵽ʱҶĶݷеĻҪ졣
ȻܹƾյĴƤӵʧܶ㿪Ѳ顣
Ҫ֪ǵǿߵԪ鶼ˣǿޱȡ
ͬߣҲƤӵֱʧ
ŭУʱǾ޴ĿУٴֱǰƥһɫ⣬˲Ϣͽŷűըˮˡ
ˮˣҶ淽ʧĵص㷽Բʮеĺˮ
Ҷ淽ʧʱûпռ䲨
ԣ϶ںףӦһˮݷȻˮݷޱȶݵһɲǣǶݲȥԶġ
ɴڽҶʧص㷽Բʮĺˮȫըգٶط츳طҶƳ
ò˵ϵ
ոտսܶˮӹһٵҶ棬ͱͬˮһըա
ҶǰҶɫⲨٴϮ
Ҷ氵п࣡
Ҷ˫гŲȥôʱŲȥ
ҶһΣбƳɲǣҶڣ
ֻˣ
΢䣬Ҷʹӱɫ⼷ѹеɲǣһѪⶸشҶ滳зɳӭǡ
һɲǣҶ潫סսѪ죬͵ѪţĿľһѪɫС̫վҵĲ
ҲҶеɲǣĿһϲͻһҶ档
սѪѪ⣬ֵ˲Ϣͳ£µĲУսѪҶƾʧ
һ̣ĿҲü㵣ռ֮
û뵽Ҷڹؼʱ̣ȻܹĿռ֮
û뵽ʹ㵵ǣҶ֮ľ̫ˣķӦ̫ˡ
Ҷֵɲǣͳȥ
ɲɵģսѪѪ˲ϢµʱƲסͷսѪѪ֮С
һɲǣսѪѪһգҶƾʧ
սѪѪҶһʧģ𰣡


1722 ʥ
Ҷ˿̵ģǱģ
սѪŲ֮ܣ˲佫ҶŲƵħ磬ҶıֶΡ
򲻵ѲõıֶΣ
Ҷôվζ˶սѪŲƵϹħĵز
ջǶɹվûжıֶΡ
죬ҶȴᡢڵƵĶıֶΡ
Ϊܹ׷ɱû뵽ٶ̫ˡ
Ҷ汻սѪŲߵǧһ֮ʣսѪѪ֮С
ȻҶͱսѪһսѪ쿪ٳĿռ֮ͨС
ܱ߹½ĹӰѪɫ
Ҷ۵С۵ռͨнš
ʵոձһɲǣҲǱˡ
ѹûκ׼
Ҳû뵽Ѫ⾹ȻֱӿռŲơ
Ҫ֪Ҷ漤Ѫ⣬ǿռŲͨ׷
ԭܼ򵥣ͨĪģ˵ЩǿߣЩר޿ռͨ컯ˡ
Ҳ벻Ŀռͨ
ĳЩ컯˶ҪԿġ
ݵ𾪹ͷӦ˹
ҶĿռͨʱǰȫġ
ǴʱҶ棬ߣֻҪǰһˣһУͿԽҶնɱ
ǣȴǲңܣ
ǰռͨҶ߶ﴴģҶǰռͨ˲ͻ
ĹͣҲΪռͨ޾֮С
ãΪϼ꼸ʮĹܹصĴ½ãֻ޾ˡ
ٱ㣬ǡɾ֮УΣֻ֪ˡ
ڽֻҶ棬ɱҶ棬Ҳҡ
ԭܼ򵥣һҶռͨԾ֮ռͨǾͱߴˡ
һڵʥҶһССͨ񾳾۷ᣬǾԿˡ
ǾԲԸ⣡
ԣʱҶǰȴǲҶ
ԼټͰ£Լ͹ҶռŲ֮ܲסһͻ֮ǰǸɫµģ
Ҷ澭εȵķḻ֮ûж֣ʱ⵱еĹϡ
ǰһλһɵԼʥվǸҶľ޴ѹ
ŲƲǰϢҵʱ䣬ʱȴǷ
ǰôƺҶתʵҲô˻ῴ֪ܲһЩõϢ
ߣҲ¸Ϸ֣ϷΪ˳ƾʥε˵
֮УΪͻƵģſɳΪʥʥһַš
ʥĴʥƺŲͬʥ½˻죬ԺŴʥѹ֪Ĵ½廹ء
ϰˣҲûиġ
֪ӶǰնɱҶĳĹۼΣǰܷŹҶĳһҶĳԸ˫ļǮ
Ҷ֪ⲻܣԲַܻȻҲ֮̽⡣
Ӷʥɱ֣棬Ҵһܹ֮Ӷģ
˵Цһңɱ㣬ϵĲƻȫϷУõŶһ٣
˵Ҷ˫Ŀ͵رһƬ⣬СӵϷҲˣһɱ㣬͹Ϸˣ
ţҶ
һԣЦ°͡
Ĭ˼ϢҶٴοڣȻ˹ӶҽԹԶΪηɱҶ죿
ƳҶһۣ֮У֮£
УǺˣҶæʵ
Сӣģɢ֮ǰϷһǺҪȡǱˣǳĽ
״Ҷٲ̽ǵĿĿٵһִħ֮ӦζԸ
ħ֮ڣҶ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ뵽һǳȫı֮ͱҶˣԷħΪ򲻵ѣҶǾԲԸġ
ʱţҶܿ˼еķ
ǿУȴûжԸİա
ͻȻ䣬ռܱͨ߹½ĹӰѪ棬Ҷ֪ǿҪִħħˡ
ϧǣҲޱȵķḻ仯ҲϾʶܿҪˡ
һͦˣ
صһɲǣ˻ҶնɱҶʱ̡
ͻأģҶȴЦһ
һ鱦׹޴Ӷͷ֣һɢͷηаף۴
˲Ϣ䣬˼ҶҪʲôŭĿԲȵң
ҶҪˣʲôҵģ
ЦһҶͷа׺¡һͷȥ
ķΪ˲ƻǰռͨȶ˿Ҷܡ
ȻܲõӲİҶһ
ΪҲðҴܣͣ
а׾˲Ҳܹԡ
ܿʶҶĵˡ
Ҷ֮Ըǿг֣ΪҶֵ֪ɲǣǾѾŲƵĿĵأħڡ
ҪȻҶҲҺȻ֡
Ҷɲ䴩˿ռͨͬǰһһͬʧ֮С
Сӣ
һ˷ŭĺ͸оǰ⻪ٴΣһǳİѪɫ֮С
ħУҶȴЩԾ
Ҷħ֮У̵ġ
Ҷ̾սѪħ֮еá
սѪһתħ֮УͳһռֻҪҶ涯ͿԽκһƵҶħֹĵط
Ҷ֮ǰʲôԸ˵ĵˣȻǿоħڣǺռƣ
ǶȴԲĴڡ
ŸոصħڣҶͶսѪֱ֮ӽ͵ħİ֮⡣
һΪ˱ȴΪ˱ħ
ϹħħսѪߣƺһһ׵Ĺϵ
ħڲ󷨾£ħⲿǿڲͲˡ
ƻּǿħڲƻˣϹħħսѪ֮мĹؼһƻˣսѪϹħʧȥϵҶҪˡ
ԣҶһأȳû͵˰֮⣬֮⣬ٶٿ죬ҲҪһʱ䣬Ҷóʱ䲼һ¡
Ҷ뷨սѪħڽռһŲƵͨ
ֻҪһԸ˷ƽţͶսѪԶ
һԣҶȴ֣ȫôһ¡
֮ǰҶŲƺڶߡھǳǧħʿ䣬ĶǳСŲǧٴζ⡣
ǣŲһηҶȴȻ֣սѪŲƷһεģŲƺڶһ˾ŵĵǧң
ҶĿǰҲ֪ΪΪ̫ǿԵʣǷħԵʡ
̫ˣսѪ֧Ų
£Ҷǰļƻвͨˡ
ҲڴʱڶߡھϲɫħųҶ棬ؾͰݡ
ҵȹӭ˧ع飡


1723 ޲ߣ
ҵȹӭ˧ع飡
ѶųڶߡھſҶ棬ͷͰݡ
ҶЩƣ
һοӵħģѹûüħ˧
Ȼ˵ħ˧Ҷԣֻôһ˲飬ǣڴ֮ǰҶ涼ħ˧ģЩųǰֵġ
֮ЩųʶϿɵĴ˧Ӧħ˧Ҷ汾ˡ
һֱΪҶⷽ涼Сģ±Щųǿħ˧һ¡
ģҶ滹ûüλ͸Ҷһ⡣
һ£Ҷüͷһ壬϶ҾǴ˧ģ
ԣڶһֲҶ棬ȻһȻӦսѪߣǴ˧𣿿ң˧Ϣһֱû
Ҷ˲ȻԭЧҵԭսѪ죬ĩˣҶʵսѪ챻˶ߣǲǾҪ˧ˣ
һأǴ˧ɣսѪмߣôͻµĴ˧ָǣ
ȻǴ˧ɣ̳д˧־սϢ
־
ҶҡͷЦһ£⻹ǡΨһĺôҶԺתħ磬ʱħ˧ˡ
ħΣҶæʵ
Ҷ治ʻãҶһʣڶߡھͬʱҶٴιµûɵĴ˧ľ˧𷣣
Ҷһ£ŷӦڶ˵ģӦҶһ뿪ʱٴλתʱϣѾһͳħ硣
һҶһ뿪Ѿһ깦򣬰˵ֻʣɫħħ磬Ӧúͳһ
ȴûͳһܻʲôŹ֡
ʱҶȴûʱҲû˼ѯϸڣæ˵Ҳۡȸ˧ٻҾʵΣ
ش˧ҾţĿǰֱӵʿʮһʮʮ
֮У߼ٹʮһˣ߼ٰǧˣͨ񾳾ʮˡڶ㱨
ţҶͷֱ֮࣬ӳ˵һ⣬һλΪ߾ĵǿߴħ磬кζԲߣ
ڶߡھ˶һۣȻ߿ʵʴ˧λǿս컯ħûص鱨
߾Ȼһʳʮ⣬Ҷٴε˵ͷ㿿ס
λųЩֱӸսôҶǾҪųˡ
Ҷ潫Ծʥ֪鱨˳
֮󣬺ڶߡھ˵ͱЩѿ
˧ǿߣѾǿ˺սܹġҾʤһĵǿߣƾս֮شĻᡣ
Ǵ˧˵ȻǴ𰣬Ʒ٣һͿԾ͹ǲµľ
ǡڶ¶ɫ
ҽܹݵϿأûɱĿܣ
ҶƾսѪ죬ǲϧģԽʥ͵ħκһռ䣬ҿԼݵӰһ¾ʥж
ʱж೤ٴοʵ˧֪һԴʯǿ
ǵħͨʿ䣬޷˺ģֻͨϵĽٶþепܶһš
Ǵ˧ܹסһӵʱ䣬ǻش
Ⱥ˵꣬ҶϾͳ˿ЦһӣҶ뽫ʥһļѡ
ҶҲ׺ߵѴںĴ½ħսϣͨҲвǿߡ
һǧͨ񾳸ɲһλһ˫Ϊһ̫ѾûʲôЧˡ
ͻȻ䣬ɽ˾ųھŵУúھŵɫش䡣
ˣǿ֣оһ˶ӣȫ򳤱ܣֻһǧ򳤽ѣ˵ھһ٣ƺǡ
ǰɣ
ͨ񾳼ϵľ೤ʱܹȫ᣿ҶֱӴ˺ھŵĻ㱨˵
ߵ˹һ£㱨˧һʱ֮ڣԼɵľʱ֮ڿԼ߳ɵľ
ҪȫᣬҪһʱ䣬д˧һʱ
ٴɣҪԸģǸ𰣬Ӧô׼ɣ
ӦɲǣҶξƾʧһɲǣҶ˼ʮ֮С
·һƬ֮УʥһãȻĶһħ꽫ѻꡣ
ûӦͱҶ͵˰֮⣬һİڡ
þʥǲ
һ֧֮󣬾ʥϳ֣ͻϮ֧ӣʳʲô
ɳϣЩʿһȫӲͷҿȥûʵ塣
÷ʮֵľ飬û
ǹѻ꣬ѻãȴٵĿЩʿߣȫɱս⡣
Ǹ򳤵Ѫɱ֮⣬ûŪĿԴ󷢡
ȻûжջļʶԲһЩƲ⡣
ͻȻ䣬Уͷһֱʡ
Ҷ棿
ণ
һһļХͻֱʡ
ҶޱĿ˾ʥһۣһƾʧһɲǣҶҲԼϢŴ
ԷΪһܹԼĸӦҶķλ
ʧˣ
ϵҶʧĵطʥһɻ˫ĿһֱĹ
·ŤһĿռ䣬ȻҶбĿ˼ģ
̳ԴһѪ츳֮һĿۡ
ֻƾһϢͿԼԼҶķλ¶Էڰ֮⡣
ô죿һ硭
ֹţʥԳ˱壬һ񣬾˲Ϣʧ
һʱ䣬Ҷʥչ׽Բһ㣬ÿʥ׷ҶʱҶͻƾġ
÷ޱƵͬʱҲ޿κΣɻ
Ҷ֮ôʵΪ˸ȡʱ䡣
ֻħɱ⾪ʥġ
ǼҶ滹ǾͷֻСèĿǰʥʦηɰס
⾪ʥΪֲ̫ˣּٶȣûܹƺѹĴڣҶ潫ʥʦηɰЩȫŪ
Ҳǰ״
˼һҲҶߵûзӦѾˡ
ңʥηɰ׵˵ΪǿвԣǹǿߣͲˡ
ô
ټҶɽħ˧ǲ
ʩչСлԪһɱţǣҶҪ׼ʱ䣬Ҷ׼ϣƾʥͿȸɵҶ档
ͷʹ
ӵħ磬Ҷ汣ûˣħŰɡ
ôȥħҲͳ׻ˡ
һΣҶᵽ޲ߵĸо
һŷȡʱ䣬Ҷһ߿˼ţѰſõ
Ϣ֮ҶͻȻһĴȣϲѽôһˣԶħ磬ǲ֪ɻǲɣ
һɲǣҶó͵ħ˷עҶԼһֱӻתħ


1724 һλս飿
һƬѪɫħУʥԽԽơ
ΪֹѾɱҶ桯ˣϧǣÿһҶ棬ǻӰ
÷ޱȵɻ
ΪƵҶӰĹУеľ룬ػس
ľ룬ٶȣҲòٷ˴ӵʱ䡣
⣬ҲɻĵطӵдѪٶȣҪдӵʱ䡣
ôҶνĻ͵ƬѪɫزͬĵصģ
ɻУ׵Գȥĺ
ţġ
󣬷䵽ϣΣ֣ʯ顢Ѫɫ֦Ҷȫġ
׽һ£һɿζ͵֭Һ
ҲģһеѪζ
޴ķг˲ϢڵϺһǧ׵ĴӣȻ󣬷籩һɨӡ
Ȼٴοʼ˼ᡣ
ģ
ⲻǻþҲĳռ䣬һʵڵС磡ֹţУĪϲɫ
ΣѾһϵƲ⡣
ǸҶĻܹһɲǼԽľ룬пСĿռ䷨
ǣҶǰⷽѪɫСĿռ䷨ôƾſռ䷨֮ͿԴȵǽɱ
ȻҶ沢û
ôͺ֮
ν˹һЩ̫ϹŵĴܣԪʱµʲô
ܹųģͳҲǹ𢣬С硣
ֻҪش٣ֶ컯˵սЩ̫šϹŴһ͵С磬Ͳᱻ
һЩ̫ŴܣΪ˷ԼС紫ȥͻһЩࡢֻԿһı
ԽЩӶƿС磬Сڿӵ֮һһȨ
ƣҶʱܹǰѪɫС˲Ϣ䴩ӦƵı
ƿضӦúҪȻҲֻӲ
˲Ϣ䣬ʥĿ⣬б˿ϲ
ʥв鰡
Ϊ½ܻͼǸϺ飬û뵽ȻܹһС硣
һΣ׬ˣ
ʥڵָ˵ѪɫСˣ
һɲǣХһҡ졣
һɲǣĿѾı䡣
֮ǰĿǾնɱҶ棬Ǹ顣
ڣȴѾ˲ϧһдնɱҶ棬ǰѪɫС磡
ͬһɲǣλħڵҶ棬ѾķΣһʮ׷ԲСͼ̳Ѿħ롣
һѪҶָɳҶʳָһ㣬ǵѪ̳ͬʱҶ˫ֿʼٱһصӡ
ÿһӡһ䵽Сͼ̳ϱߣСͼ̳Ĺ⻪ͻһ֡
Ϣ֮Сͼ̳Ĺ⻪ԽԽȴûκϢ͸
ѵǸһԵʣߵ̫
ɻ֮УҶַһͰצѪ㵹ǸСͼ̳
Сͼ̳ˢһ±Ѫͬʱر˴ĿĹ⻪һɰʼϲ
Ҷüͷ£ֻҪһѪӴʹطͿڼ̵ʱҡ
ڣȴܲһͰѪǿʢצľѪʱҲ˽Ϣˣս黹δ֡
Ҷɻ֮ʣСͼ̳м͵زһ£һӰЩǱĴ֮̽Ρ
ҡ
ͬһɲǣԶںĴ½صڣôճֹüͻһ壬ԾĿʥķ
ţʥڵսϢ춯һսϢƾʧ˾ųϡ
ϴս鱻ʹˡ
ڣĿǰ붯սģиʹ֮⣬ֻдʹҶˡ
ѵҶ鷳ˣֹü
Ҷʹ˷ڵѪҲ΢Ӧʵ
һС磡
ޣԭˣֲ˷֪Ҷ뱾кҪ¡
ҵĻ˲Ϣͽ⿪Ҷɻ
ֲô˴붯ս˵˶࣬ԭǸһԭ
ͻȻ䣬ӦҶһͷһ˿ԤС
æʵҽмս
Գ֮ɫﲻһ磬ҾĴ½ǳԶԣʱǳޣܹӳƽĳɵ
ĳɣ
ҶɫѿʹֻƾСͼ̳Ҳս鷢ӳϵս
ڣȴҶϡ
ĳɣܹвڵĴڣͲˣٴβһ䣬Ҷøӵѿ
ôҲʶ˲
ҶٶȽ˵һҵüͷ㿼˽Ϣ֮󣬲Żڣ
ǴʹǱ뻤ȫ̫Զָһ磬Ͷ̫
ֻܿȡˡ˵

ûϴθ˵ô컯ѪʥڵһλսҲָӵս
Ȼ˰꣬ȴҲָĲˣɿһս˵
ԣҶһϲһλսѾԳսˣ֪Ǻ͵ս飿
ط֪ˣû˵


1725 
ҶʹǻʥģԣֻҪʥڳ˯Ĺս飬ǿԴԻָܹս£ҶͿط붯
ָѪٴηɳҶ̳ͬϽһͰצľѪӡãϢ֮һӰͻأĴӼ̳̽
֮УǵӰڷɿţϢ֮ҶͿ˴ϵ
һһҪ׳ӣ߽ӽһɲ˵һֱۣ泤ޱȡ
էһ£һ޴Գһ㡣
ܿģһ»սͱޱȵʵһ֡
ǼģҶһ޹λս飬䣿ҶЩ⡣
Ϊ֮ǰ˵һλȽָս飬һսǵɱɱ
ҶƲ⣬һλȽָս飬ܿҾֺϻ֮ʮа˾һλսǿߡ
û뵽һλ䡣
ôҶʹЩ⣿ƺҶı鿴˵ʲô
ûʲôλ˵ˣ˵ܿһλľѻѶһôܿλͬʱѻѶȣܻܻģ˵
ԣҶһ
Ҷ֮ǰһֱûܾһԶǣƿƵˣսɱС
Ǵʱһ˵ȴ־˵ޱȵȷ
˵Ҷ棬ҲᣬһˣôҶ滹Ӧս
λңҶģжԶӶԶңӣҲÿ
Ҷʹĳ£о޹ʵԳһ俪ˡ
ҲһɲǣУոһ۵ĳֹٴһ䡣
ڷţֹٴθӦʥ֮һλսϢϢ˾ųɡ
֮ҶѾλս顣
óֹҶλս飬ʮа˾ţ˴鷳
ֹٶȡҶϵСͨѶŲϵҶ档
óֹüǣϵϡ
ҶǱߣûκλӦҶһߵСͨѶŲѹûп
Ҷ絽ʲô鷳ֹγʥǰʥ壬д˵ġ
ǣֹʥǰ˼˰Ϣʱ䣬ͻأģڹʥһսʯ񣬶رһ޵Ĺ⻪
ţ
һ䣬ֹͷӿһֲõԤУһֹ;Ͷսʯ֮С
ֹػսĴʹΪճӴЩսػսʯĳֹɫٴξ䡣
ľ飬ػսʯеս飬ҲطˣߵϢ
֮⣬κδʽõ׿ϣֱ붯սˣΨսϿɵĴʹ
ػսĴʹǱˣҶ棡
Ҷڶ̶̰Ӳʱڣֱλս顣
ֹɵҲҶʱ˼ΣգѾͷҪȻҲλս顣
ңҶĶ֣пǵǿߣֹһλ
ΪҵսҲԶԸһĵǿߡ
Ҷʱȴڼʱλս顣
ôҶľޱȵգ
Уұ뷨æʲô
ôһɲǣֹͱޱȡ
ˣųֹĺλ¼Ϣĳڳֹ
ӣһ
ţ
Ⱥ¼ͻȻһ㣬ͬʱ̧ͷɻҪûɣ
ӣϣʱߣն
ֹǱ³Ǹն֣¼͵شһս
һͱ㳡ĵӡ

ż͵쳹
ߣȴߴ͸˲Ϣ͵쳹
ͬʱļλֵʥͱòһôӣûʲô·

ɵٴ쳹
ɲǣ˾·üëһ㣬ĸ䴩ķ
ļ˾
Ȼ˾ӣʲô£һֵռԾ
ڼԽԽ˾ɱ˾ȴյ˾һĺ档
ڸһӣоӣӣֽӡ
ֻ죬һضʱڣʱ̫֮ʱݼĹͬӵĴͬ
ʱ䶼̶ܹ
Щضʱ֮ʱӣǾֻһáӭУ
ļ˾ա¡ֵȼ˵Уÿһ˾ڵһǳ
һضʱ֮һľ죬ǾʹŸõļ˾ֻҪڵģʲô֮ʱϡ
߻߳ٵߣҲǷȥۣģֻһֳͷʽն
ͨ£ֻֻ鷢֮ʱŻᶯþӡ
ʱͻȻ˾ӣúܶ˷ǳ⡣
ǽƽѾõĻҲѡ
ҪǣΪƽվãǺضʱģտʼʱһļ˾ѹûзӦ
ӦѾһˡ
Ǿ͸Ǳˣļ˾ߴ±ӣ˸ͷɢǱޱȡ
Ҫ֪ڲ󣬽ļ˾ȫ£ûκ⡣
ϣļ˾һִһµģ󲿷ֶڲĸؾǱޡ
м˾ʮϣ£ڲ˾ʮϡ
ʮںƴ־õǱ񱼣ǵĻҡ
Уײļ˾ʤĵǸƿͣ
켸ʮ֮Ǳ񱼵˳ͽĻҲ
ܿģ;һȨֱӾ˴׼
ڣ׼θոո֣ڶȨŭ쳹ʲô
ڸʲô
ոָͣ꣬ôĶҪǣ̫ˣڶȨͨɽţ
׼üͷһ壬ڵҲˣȷʵ̫ˣһΣҲЩˡ
ӣȨȱΪ׼ҪָҲÿΡ
׼һֳֹ֧ػֹһΣ׼ҲЩŭˡ
ĴңһΣȷĹˡ
ܿģȥѯʳֹԭֵռͻˣֻɫЩŹ֡
˵ʲôĴ£ȻҪӣڸңڶȨͨɼȵ
ֵռһ£Цҡҡͷ޴·
ʲô
޴·Ϊӣ
ɶӾΪϷ𣿡ͨһϵȨûָ
׼˷粻ǣ
һҪϳͣ
£׼ҲˣһΣֿǷŭάҲˡ
ɫһ׼ͺȵнͣ
УҲֹһ䣡ֵռ˵
˵
ֹԣӣǷҴܾ֮ݣ
ֵռ䣬ͨһϵȨָٴ쳹
֣
Ҳǿݵ𣬾Ͳ𣿡
ֱҵΪϷ
ᶯ
׼ϳҪȻϺڣڶȨͨһϵʱ͸߳ˣһ߽ԣҪϳͳֹ
óһνʱܹݺݵĴһγֹ
ֻǣֵռ飬ȴԽԽΡ
ڶȨŭԻŸϽһ仰ش׼ֹԣһǾݣˡ
δսң˰֮ף
ţ


ֵռֹһ仰һ˫һ㣬ͻȻͽЩޱȵĻڵĵڶȨͨһϵȨǵĺ߬סһ㡣
һŰ߰Ҳ仰
ЩȨǣûǳֹ֮סĸ֣һǼǰһǵ졣
ͨо챻˰
ƫƫֹĵ򵥵Ĳټ򵥣ֱ۵Ĳֱۡ
һݣڼɹҵĴ׼дȨ
ô֣ͬʱӣڣǵҳһࣿ
̻ô
ոնֳֹµĴ׼࣬ʱҲ찡
ûз𰡣ҪȻʱҪֹת⼸һ
׼ֹԣڳƽվãȱѵ飬ӽڸӦʱӣǿսֵռֵ
Ĭһ£׼ȵԡƣ
ڷŽĵڶȨͨһϵȨʱȴûһ˷ˡ
ǵ챻ֹļ仰ˣĻҷԣ
˵ˣߵĴңڼ˭ҷԣ
˭ԣ


1726 
ڴһ£ڱԼľһ£ҶǻȻ֪
Ҷʱžǰλս飬ݺݵ߬ȭͷ
˵֮ǰҶ棬ħҲû뾪ʥһս֮ڼλս飬ȴֲһˡ
ûλս顣
գʥ壬յʵҶ沢֪ǰԣ˳˯֮ǰǵλʵ֮ϡ
һ㣬Ҷյ̬ȾͿԿ
λ䣬ǹϬ֮ѯһҶߵʵ֮ȴ֣ҶߣȻûһܿġ
ҶŵľųҲǱһ¸ɵ
̫ˡ
Ͼʥٶȣûһܹǣס䣬Ҳش
ոոմ˳˯ָ࣬޷־ս
Ҷػսڡ
һܻҪ׳׳ǲΪܹͣ޴ѹȸС
Ҷ֮УҲǿ㵽֮У׳ʵǣʯȻҶ
ǻȭͷȻҶԴһ
ˣʯ֮Ȼֹһɫʯף˾ֻһ۾¶˳ȥһʯƹޡ
Ҷ澪ǣĿǰΪȻڻҵʯ׵Ʒס
ڽ˼ǺƷףΣ㲻׵Ҷʵ
սսǰսڵʵҶһҪһգȻ˵ЩսֻǴ󲿷ֵͶӰʥʯ֮С
Ǳնɱôǹڵ飬Ҳܵشò׻ָ䲻˵пٴ˯
Ӷ
ԴʱʱٽУҶҲҪһ㡣
ûĻӦףڵȴҡ
֮һֱûж˵ĿһңףڣҾվǷҲס
ĻףܹʯǷȫ֮µ֮󣬴˼ױƣڵĻﻰ䣬Щп
ҶȴޱȵĴ㵡
Ϊһʦ֪֮ġ
ףһѾ̭ϹսףֿһطƵס
ҲϹ֮ʱΨһһϿԳɳ鱦ε֮
ʱͻȫԱľѪ󣬻ṩʥҹҹþѪӳ֣֮ÿʱÿ̶ڳɳ
ʱȡ
ʹߵıԴѪϣǿսʱطӳǡ
ȫ˲أô˼׵Ҳһ̶ȵ½
Ƽѣɳÿһ׶һĻʥҲǺʧԭ
Ҷȴû뵽ػսڣȻһףʵʵս
һ㣬ľ޹ֻ֮ǰսΪǣȻԾѪΪģ֮ǰٵľ޹Ҫܶࡣ
ˣ
ջĵ˵ͷֻҪȡʱ䣬͹ˡ
ٶȻҪ׷𰣬ȴǼѡһ⡣
⣬ңǸӦסǣҪţҵ
һ䣬Ҷɫһ䣬ˣѾʲôˣڳڼĴж
ҴǹȥҲһҵ
һҶսѪһˣԤսȥ
һ˾ͳԤս
ֵɲǣҶһ㣬սսҶ淢֣սѪλսľȻǳС
ֻսѪŲƺڶԴһ㣬֮ǰҶǿŲƳģֱӿԺԲơ
Ϊûʵսԭ򣿻ΪûзԸⱻŲƵԭ򣿡
⣬Ҷʱѹûʱ俼ǣҶԣһ¡
ʱǰ⴦Ѫɫƽԭϼʸգ־ವƿͣ
Уһɫ⵽Ҵܣ޳һȣǧλħ꽫پͱȵ
Ϊһͨħֱ꣬ӱ޳ȵĻɹɢ
˵ľ֮Уƺ޼ɣЩǿߵħļɵʱľͱɢˡ
ÿʱÿ̶ħ걻ɱ
Щɶħľ񰡡
˧ҵڲʮϢ֮ǰͻϮڲҾʮϢʱ䣬˾ͺɱҾǧͨ񾳵ľ٣һٰʮ٣򳤣ڶһʹģ
⾪ʥ
ȻѾʶʲô
ǣ
Ҷı飬ȴûκεĲ
Ϊͳ󽫣ҶѾϰ߾ڲνһſݡ
´ʱۣҲ侲ָӡ
ò˵Ҷս
ʵٸûٶȣΪ͵ߣսǵóʮ
ЩΪֻнڵħţڶԸһϣò
ĿһҶҿһҡգػսڡ
֪Ҷ⣬ͬʱ˵ͷ
һɲǣҶ涸شڶħ꽫ȺУڿն
Ҷͻأĳ֣
ţ
ʥ͵һͣͻȻֵҶ棬Ŀ˲Ϣýѡ
ڴ֮ǰҶ涼һֱȫıܿʱͻȻǰ᲻ʲô֣
ԣûڵһʱ乥Ҷ棬
ò˵һѲĶ֡
ָӹսҶԣеǰ취
ȫ
Ҷ͵һ֣·Ѿᵽһͨħ꣬ǧħ꣬ʮλħ꣬ͬǿ䡣
˲Ϣ䣬Ѫɫǵһ˷
ΪЩвʥһıģǣڱҶֶΣжϣȴûκӡ
վ˸𼸵ѪɫʸܹһԲƵ˺Щʸǵصģ
Ѫɲģһëýǿ߳ƷҲܹϵġ
ɫһ쫷з籩͵˲Ϣ佫ǵصļʸ㡣
ҲһɲǣʸȴǶؼ٣ӷѪɫʸͻ˲Ϣ䴩쫷籩˷
ʸǳ׹һ㣬֮ͬˮһӿʸȻлʵʵĹ켣
֧ʸɲǣͫһ
Ҳһɲǣһʶ˲Ϣ˷ϡ
ɲǼ䣬Ǳһε֮Уá

ҲͬһɲǣޱȻ׵ػս飬ͻأĳڷͷϿգлһСɽһʯŷԴͷ£
ݣ
Ҷɽһ˸ͳڷĸ·ɫĽ˲Ϣſ


1727 
һɲǼ䣬ҡաػսڡɽսѪͬһʱʩӵ˾ʥϡ
Ҷ֮ǰƶս֮һ
սһɱ
սѪԽħκŲƣŲƵһɲǣŲƵĿ꣬ͻᱻսѪġ
Ҷ棬սѪһãʥסôһɲǣȻֵʵ
ȡһնɱ
׷̺֮ʯרĸֵĽޱɽ÷һɲǸܵв
ָоԣѾ֪ˡ
־˷ͬһʱӿϷͷǳŶս⣬˲Ϣͱȼ
֮Убȷǿ֮ˣƾŷĴѪǾ˵ٶȣܹԷвĵǿߣ治ࡣ
ԴӶǰǴδٹ󣬷Щ꣬͸޵һ㣬̫ƽˡ
Σգȴ˲Ϣ˯ڹս⡣
һ̺Ѫ֮еĴսܣ

ʯһХ쳹ĸȻǵһըÿһ϶䣬ÿһһףʮ׵𣬾ǳǧһ㣬ըɲǣ͵غסε
Ƿսܣ
Ʋεͱɡ
˿Ҷȴܸо
һ˲䣬ҶսѪٷĻͱǸըɸӡ
սѪٱĵͬʱεĻҲ˲顣
ǣǼλֶΣÿһ׷ֶΡ
ƿҶ沼µһ㿰ƺԲƵʱ䣬ǣȴѾעֻӲĳ⼸˵ȫһ
ؼʱ̣ոķ˫һΣȻһһת
һתն⣬ˢһ㡣
ĻͣɰǧӲȿƷһе䣬ǣҲɹıܿ˱ɽƸ֮
Ҷ澪ǣɲǣ˶ĿУ⣬˸պ䵽ԴϱߵػսСɽһʯ
ػսսǿ׻֣ӲӷȫǣڵʵʱȴӲˡ
ػս飬ڣҲǽضѡ
ʱҶ˥˴룬ֻȫʢʱڵĳɣʱǿߵʵӲ
һϬѹûжԸʸ
ˣǿĿһ䣬˾һСɽһ㣬ֱӱĵɶ
˲Ϣ䣬ͻ
ǣ֧Ƕޱȵꡢٶޱȵ׷ʸʱķȴҲ⡣
ػս֮ʣֱ׷ʸ˷硣
۶ϵʸ⡢Ѫⱬͬʱ
ǣһɲǣڡҡսľȴͬʱ
Сģ
ǳҶġ
ڷмͬһɲǣͻһŤŤ⣬Ҷ档
յȻȫУǷȴƾޱȷḻս飬ȫܿҪҪλ
ԣȻмܵˣȴޣսӰ죬Ҳǳޡ
ĸ޴Ц𣬡ɣ
һ˲˵ҶǰķֱצץҶԴ
ң
ס֣
ҡա˵Ľŭͬʱ
ԭܼ򵥣ҶʹˣЩս飬ҲҪܵȵĳ̶ȵӰ졣
ңѵǣһλʵܹεĴʹһ򵥵顣
ŭУ˵תΪ˾ҶǼҲ
˭ɱңΰɣҶЦ
һ˸յķޱȵŭˣŭˣ
棬ͽʶʶҴ

ŭУѪɫؼ䣬ͻȻһޱȵ⡣
һޱȵ⣬ȴеǻþΪһɲǣۣѾ޷Ŷģһ⣬⡣
ǣֵɲǣؼͻȻ
ֵ˲䣬ҡˡ
ڷĸУʱˣǶвĴڣȽնˡ
ɫٶȼ죬֮иϸСħãҲǸ
ǷӦͱɫи飡
ˣټ˵ͬʱо޹죬ÿһɫĽ֯
ÿһܻɫĽ֯ǻٶȿ죬ʥⲹ֯ٶȸ졣
ɽɿ󼲱ܷҶԾǣɽʱȻѹϷٶȡ
ɣ
һӺųŭϰˣ⻹ǵһˣǱǴһļʸ
Ҫǰļ֣˺ɷ飡
ɱǣΣ
ҶЦٴյΣƾմӷǰʧ
һ㣬һ˫ĿпҶĿУ׹⣬׹˲Ϣͱ˿ȡ
ѾȷҶһ֮
֮Ǳʥģ
ʥͲˣŲֵܹ֮ʱһܾȵüˣ
ЦУٴʩչһΣķΧ
ǽҶ桢ҡջнħȥа˶ʮλ꽫
Ҷ󼱣ҶȻ֣ħ羫ۼһһľ
ãὫħľӢȫͣ
ʱʹѾã
ɢȫɢ
ŭɲǣҶѾźڶħľӢۼֻͽ
ˣ
һҶٴδҡʧһ档
ҵǣĿ꣬ȫҶ滹ҺգһΣȻֱ˷Ҷȥ
˲Ϣ䣬ƣ
ԭҶ׷ɱڣȴ˷׷ɱҶˣƼǱ
ҶʹɱϰܲϱʧˣͻȻЦ
ţϰ
Ҷ淴Ӧо޹һһ޷ݵϢؿʼ
еľ޹Ҳ·һ㣬µĻƴӶʸ˹壬˲Ϣ޹Ϣޓ죡
ԭ׳ľ޹˲Ϣ侹Ȼǵ״Сһַ·̫źһɷ֮ɢ
Ҳζر⣬Щ˲ϢȫеǱ޹ϵɫʸϡ
һɫʸקųβͣ·Ǹһ˷
һɲǣһĻоȻ¶˳羴֮ɫ
ҲһɲǣͻȻ両һ˿ɫ
¡¡
ҶһɲǱޱȣ
ռ𶯣
յһոħռҵҶеսѪ죬ҲݸҶһ˿Ϣ
𾪵ģȴҪʥ
һɲǣʥͽٶᵽ˼£ٵıŷҪһ
ǣƾʥô任ȴ޷㿪һ
Ҷ˵УȴԾʽǰһ㣬һͳͨʥǰ
һɫʸϢԽԽһַ·بʹԺļ䣬ظ֡
ʥҲһɲǿ־ļ
䣬ܣôܣ


1728 Ѫ
䣬ܣôܣ
þޱȵͬʱȴǷ𾪣ǣʲô
ۣ
ˡֻδڣһɫļʸе䣬ͺëޱȵ˷£
һƺߣȶٶٶʱͱòһαŤŤͬʱٶȴ
ʵƴĻӶһţյĿ⣬Ǿ֡
һˣٶҲʵھˣתۼͱһСڵ㡣
üͷһ壬Ŀ⿴Ҷ档
˵Ҷһ˲Ϣʹաҡڳڷľʥǰ档
ӣΣ
ҶЦͬʱһɫֱĺ˷
һΣȴŷºȥġ
һ䣬ȴûǰǰĻҡ
޴Ŀжعֱ⣬ӭһɫļʸ
ǣĿȴ䲻κãһ˸ͷ·Խһ㣬ֱԾĿۣٴ˷£
ȴڹؼʱ̣ӲĽ޴£˻ȥǼֻڽϿһ󶴶ѣǱܹҪ
Ѫע÷ٶȴ
ⲻ䣡Ȼع˼֡
յЦ⵱Ȼ䣡
䣬пڶĻᣡֻѧİɲ⣬ղмѣ
ղмİɲ⣿ǡʲôˣ䵽ʲôϵ
һ߱ӣһ׷š
ȴǲȻŭ֮Ҳһëܽеģֻĺ˶ѣʰ
ŭȼ䣬յĵ֧ղмѾϣûȥ֧δղмϢȴڷٵ
Ҷʹմղ䣬ܷһشǷҪնɱˣҵĺظҶ괫
ͬʱŹǿһɲǣҵ飬ͻȻò֮дż־ϲ
ңػսڵ飬Ҳڴ˿̱ϲ
ͬһɲǣյĻľʥ˲ϢɾתŭϢرñŰ
ǾȻҴһУ
˵⼸֣յξͶʧٴγֵʱ򣬾ͳڷǰǧ״
ҧгݵľʥ󾪣æˣ
ݣ
һڶֱܵѪƿɲǣɫļնͺݺݵĶ˾ʥ֮С
Ϊǵڴ磬Ӳɱˣ˵һССĴЦ

ǵı֮£ѹǱɱģʥŭ
ⷬȥ֮˵ɣ𰣬ڱģûһҲаǧҳЦ𣬼ѾǱһϮ˾ʥ
ͬһɲǣʯҲٴγھʥͷϣɽʯŷȥ
ɽĽ⣬Ҳһɲٴγھʥĸ
֮ǰһһһΣȴ˺ֻۣܵش˵ǵǺݺݵĶ˷ľ
֮յϢ΢΢һ
ͬһɲǣڷϵģҶսѪ֮
Ľ⣬÷󺧣
ҪĽ⿪Ƹɾˡ
οܿĽ⣬ʱȴǹͷë
飡
ʯСɽʯݺݵĺڷԴϵͬʱôһɲǵĴ͡
һɽһشǧֵʯʵޱȵĺϣǸоתΪ
Ҳץסսһʸ׼ȷޱȵĺ˾ʥ֮С
ʹ֮£ʥҽң
һʯֻ飬սĸ֣ǳץסս
ʯ˫Ķ˷ĺϣʯʱǿһ£ʱʱĸǶϽ۵
ǻһޱȵĽ⣬ڷĸŰһȥһ޴˿ڡ
Ƿ;޴󣬴ʱͱƸˡ
ȥ
ǵʥѪҲûһҶһ䣬СèͷʹҶ滳ɳ˷
˵ЩĺȫҪȫʥڼտЦ

ģ
ʥһЪ˹ǴѪؼ߹Ѫܹ˵˵ģ
Ъ˹֮࣬ʥͻȻ䱬Ŀ⣬ⱬɲǣʥÿһƷɫ𣬾Ȼȼ棡
ޱȵӿɲǣھһŻȥһĽ໲ҽ
ǣ
յһ󣬾ʲôһ㣬ɫؾ䣬ò
죡
ɱ
ǴһеĿѪȵѪ棡ȥпܽѪΪ̫ޡ磡
ʲô
̫޴磿
Ҷ濴׹ڵķҲǱˣ
ΪĺУģϢѪ£Ȼڷٵı仯ţ


1729 ׼ľϲ
£ʥģۿɼٶȱ仯š
Դĸǰ๱ø˶۵ٵıѪɫϹҲ⡣
ǹͺͺĶϣʼһһѪɫ·һɢϢͼ
ʱЩĵֳűסķ˼ǣһʸոսӴ棬ͻޡ
ûõģѪ֮У̺ŴһѪıԴ֮ƾǵʵ˲Ѫ֮µķģ˵
ѲҾֻĿѪ׳Ϊ̫޴磿Ҷ˵
һֻǴľʥ˵ѲΪĴ磬ǺҶ治
׳ΪĴ磬ûô򵥣Ѫ棬ֻǵһѣѪ֮ʣǶ֮ʣһĽ־飬ƺǳķḻ
Ѫ棬һãҶٴʵ
һ˵ᳬһӣ˵
ܺãԳʱ׼һͣҶǣظһ˿Ȼ
ҶʹûиӦǵʵڳţҺؿڡ
ţ
Ҷһ㣬΢΢һͻȻ¶ϲɫҵɢϢĹѾӸոճֵĽز˽غڣңڷٵš
ǣػսڸոյܵƣʱȻڷٵС
һ֮ҵʵָܻųɣ˵
ʵǸոտʼԸʱѾˣղм֮ıķǳСңҷĵڷţӦڶҽдģľѪ׼
Ҫȥһ֮Ӧ֧ղмң֮ţɣ˵
ô£Ҷɻ֮ʣĿͻȻһģľѪ׼ӳ֣սս󣿡
ҡաͬʱ˵ͷû
ʮа˾ţǳǱ߲ʲôڰҡ
ĻǾ̫ˣȻˣôһѪʧ֮Ǿͽһ֣Ҷ˵
Ӧ̵ʱڸɵѪʧ֮󣬷ĴѪѾѣʵÿʱÿ̶ϵʱԽԽ
̵ʱ𣿡
Ҷ˼һ£һֳѪӰħ˧ͳУͬһɲǣʥƺʥʥҲͬʱ֡
ʵϣҶӻصħʱһʱ뵽ǾʥһԸ
λս֮Ҷûʥðա
ʱҪ̵ʱڻ˷ȴбҪʥսˡ
ͬһɲǣӰҲƾճ֣һӰǧ̣һӰȴڳֵɲǾƾʧˡ
ҡաʯЩԾĿҶ棬֪Щôƾճֵġ
΢һħ֮Ϊսǿ󣬶ӵһƷλŹڶߡھͬʱ֡
ֵģս֮򵥼䣬ڵΣԾ˽
˶սǿ֮ͻȻ֣һɣǵսҶʹ޶ôпڵһʱشѪķ
٣£Ըһľϲ˵
ԣҶȴЦϲҸ׼ĵһϲ
Ҫ׼ڶϲ
֪ҶνĵڶϲʲôɲǣҶһΣ׹⣬ҵ˷ٺˡ
ţ
ţҶʹȻӵţѪһ𺳣
ĵҲƺʥŻţҶ棬ҲһãȻ
񣡸һֻ˵ţʥҡͷҲǻǿ̫֮ԵˣҶֱӣ
ţѪȴӵһţԴ֮ҵüͷǷ֣ǵҶʹһ㶼򵥡
˵ľ̾УҶţ˶ԴһΣоƾվصơ
֮У׹˸
Ҷȴһ£ţԴ֮ľ۽׹⣬Ĵ½ƺеٰ
ҵǣҶ滹ʱ䣡
ҡͷԼ䣬׹ҶţϷ𣬻۵Уģ۳һۣ֮ʼƲо۽׹⡣
ÿһϢ֮۵Ϣͻһ֡
ҶţаʱҶ棬ȴǺԻһ̷ҩĶ
ͬʱҶڽݽߵȪӿһ㣬һ
Ҷڵȫۣ֮ĵһɶԣҶϴδɵȾĴᾺһݾҺ
ҶϴξҺҶĿǰΪȫԽΪŷá
һ䣬Ҷݽߵͳ׻ָˡ
ҶȴǺٺһЦӿǿе֮ۡ
֮Խǿ󣬾֮ҲԽԽ񱩣һᷢСлԪ׵ҲԽǿԽ־ã
ҶģСлԪʷ׼ʱˡ
ʱڷɿţѪԽԽϡе׹ȴԽԽ磬һٶϢĹƺˡ
һ۴ϸĵ߲ͣҴţþʥ˲ɵӣһη壬һֹη壬ޱҪûԸӲ
ʥ˿Ŀ⣬Ѿһ˿
ҡաλս֮۳ɲǣ˲ϢӸ߿ֱ޲ýȥ
˵ֻǴӹηôսԣǿսĿǣ
һУʶڣȴǵһμҶ˿ֲһ棬λսʱҶĿ⣬ò̫һˡ
׼ˣ
ŷͻؿڣȴǷѪڷɿɢȥһڳͷ¶ѵĺɷڷٵĴӷɢ
һɲǣеľʥ͵۾ŭŵ쳹
죬ǶҪˣ


1730 
죬ǶҪˣ
ǲҪϵıǰⷽС磬ҲǱʥģǾΣҲ벻
¡¡
һɫ׹⣬һһ㣬͵ػʣݺݵĺھʥϣþʥŵȻֹ
׼ȷ˵֮ǰҶСлԪ׾Ѿй˷ϡ
ȻǷΪСлԪ׵׹һʱͿƲסĲҺ
һոɾľ޷жͷڣµÿһ鼡⣬ƲסĲ
ͷոɫë˲Ϣͻ˻ҽԴϵƤ˲Ϣɢ˿ζ
˭͵Ϯӣ
һۿҶķٴοЦֶβûõģѳ׾ѴѪ
¡¡
һСлԪ׿¡
ҶĳԾǣСлԪ׵й£Ϣڷٵš
֮ǰҡɵƣҶɵķϵƣڷɿĻָš
Ϲ˵ֻеģʱҲӿһƬ⣡
ѪΣеĴʹᣬֱʤ
ЦУҶСлԪ׺֮ʣһղм׼ĺ˷ۡ
ͬһɲǣҵļʸҲĺʱҺļʸȻ֮ǰǿࡣ
һĶ˷۵˿ڡ
λʱȫ䣬ǣһȫŷҪк
ҪǣҶСлԪ׳ϣѹƵġ
²Ƶ׹⣬ѹûͣ÷ĸɸһ㡣
ǷʱҶСлԪףȴ޷ĿԼ
ֻĿոҽɸӡ
·ѾϰټǷϢȴ
ˣһͻָ˹
ˣȴһһֻ۾ʱÿһǳŷ۾䡣
ģͽֻ۾һѪҲ÷
۾˿㹻˵ļʸͿ͸ԣһ
ŷɷԽԽǿ׺ޱȵĴģȶʱ򣬷ȻСлԪ׵ѹ¶ˡ
ǣȴԵס˫ۡ
ҵһǣʱɫȻӵޱȵԣܵʸ˳ϵ˺
˷ԴϺͱϱСлԪ׺ɽ̼ĵطԽԽ֮⣬֮ǰɷƣȻת
ʱԽãʥѪ֮ԽǿɱʥΣ
ʥͲˣСлԪ׻ܹãСлԪ׽֮ʱǵڣһС
ʱ飬ޱȵĸˡ
Ҷţüͷһ壬ͷһ
˵ֻ
˴ʱΪҶ׹ԭ򣬶֣Ƿڷֲǰ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷ鸮֮оʹǧ̵괫ȴǧ̷Ž˻񣬵·ûз˵Ĵڡ
Ѫǿ
Ҷ˶ʮСлԪ׵£Ϣ
ʱյ׹ѾԽԽ֮ԽԽ
Ϣ֮󣬵ڶʮߵСлԪ׺µɲǣеۣ֮ʧ֮Ҳʹɢ
ǵڵˣ
ЦУ׹ɢ֮ʣ˫΢΢һ񣬾ٴڿն
һΣٶȣȻǰһλҪ졣
ҶֻǰһȻͳԼǰ
ĺã
ػսƾճҶǰеʯ֪ʱһ޴ʯͶǹ
Ϯ۾еʯƳìݺݵ˳ȥ
һ磡
ҲǼһ˹ִ󣬼Ըһ
ۣ

ʹеĳìͺݺݵĹ˷¸
ʯһ壡
ڿһָ߾֮ʣʯì֮䣬Ȼһε
ʥ֮ͨʣ˫צצڣɫð͸һޱۻϢ
һɲǣҶһָоھǴɽһ۴
ǡýʯì֮׹˾ʥĸҲ֪ʱڵжأȻӵ͵һ׹ٶȶ˽֮һ
Ҷ״͵һ̤
ĹӰشɢ÷ڵ壬ͬʱһ
ԼҲܵҶشӰ죬ڴʱطʩչɽƴĿֲҲڵشļӳ£øء
˲Ϣ䣬ٴһٶٴνͣ
֮ǰٶǽɲֹң׹һȴɽص⣬Ǹ޷ϵĹᴩˣ÷ʧȥٶȣʧȥԣ
쵰ҵģ
ŭУУؼ˲Ϣˣ΢Ŀ磬ֻôһɲǣƻڼٵǿУǿоȻƾУÿһеϢڷš
һ˸еļµɷ֮ڷĳը
ҲһɲǣԴ͵һΣȻֹǴѪ쭡
Ǵ͡츳ͨ
Ǵ˿̣֣
ͬһɲǣɫĴִӵ̽˲Ϣͽ˸ʵʵ
ĵѪɫĵ⣬ͬʱըŷҪ£ȴħ˧ڶߡھͬʱˡ
ʥĸ죬͵طɳ˫ġ
ʥɽҶͬʱڷĸ·ˮɫĵͬʱն˹ȥ
þʥεǣĵ⣬ȻֻڷĸһӰ
ҶɽûκλɵȫһУȴĸƿһʮ׵ľ޴˿ڣ̵ĳӶ˳

ʹ֮£ֻΪв֮£ʹŭУ͵һͷСɢſֲѹûһ˿һ覴õӡ
Ƿ
ڱƶ֮󣬿ʼƴˡ
ɫֵɲǣʱͺޱȵķС
в£ʱԼˣк˷ɲǣкԼ
׼ȷ˵Ǻסƺʥĺɫ⣬졣
ƷѾߴƷĸʥĸ죬˲ϢͱƿһƿģƺʥǴһĺɫ⡣
ƺʥ븲ʥҺѪ
ͬһɲǣҶһͽѵǰʥڶߡھŵ˾͵￪⣬ܿ١
׹ڷ·ڣȴͬһɲܵϰٵеĺ
ɫʢؼʱ̣ǧϰٵѪɫԽնڳŹһ
ѪעķҶȴ΢΢һ
һҶƾճڴ縹˿·
ȥ
Ҷ͵һ˦Сèͷͻⱻ˦˷ĸ˿ڡ
ͬһɲǣͷҶ棬һצһҶ档
еģȴҶĲӰ
˦Сèͷ֮ҶٴζսѪ֮ʮ￪⡣
㡭
ʲôŽҵڣо˲Ծľʥͻرþޱȣ
ûʲôͷӵ̫޶ѣ
ʲ
ûȷ˵·һ鴤һ£ж˵ɫѪ
㡭
ŭҶ棬ֻ˵˰֣ʺֻ̽ѪܵĻצ
һҶ涸سھʥԴϷɽֱĲ˷ԴȻݺݵĽ
һɲǣһ֮׹䣡


1731 
ڲֹڲϵĴߴֵ¼¼
ļ˾ǣ˸Ҵͳһּ˾֮⣬󲿷ּ˾ǰƷܼ˾ġ
һ¼߿ͳܸ˾һˣе൱ھ֮е򳤻ߴͳơ
ڼ˾ֻʮ¼ȴкüʮˣԣÿ¼ͳܵޣǧ˾ǾһΪƺŻͳܡ
Ȼе¼ͳ˾Ȩֻռһֶѡ
ʱĳֹ¼ָʹת
죬ʯ̳ߣ
߳ɵľѪȫ׼ʯ̳ߣ
սսʥΪ
ͨ񾳺޾ѪĲҪ
ڳָֹ£ļ˾æ֪ޱٶɱѪ׼ʯ
ʮļ˾ǣʱ֮ǰһ㣬Χʥܱߣսս֮ȫĸʥսӳš
ֹҶһλս֮󣬾ʶҶǱ߿϶ˡ
ʱΨһܹҶģϾѪ׼սսսǵսþѪ׼ķʽսģսǿԸʱս
Ҳ˳ֹĵӵһĻ
ڲңĸ߲㿪ʼڸ£ֹ֮ǰû뵽
ֹʱֻΪ˶׼˵ʶѣȴû뵽ôһı仯
ͻȻ䣬ʥʯϢ΢һóֹü΢΢һһνʥʯ
ˡ
ս鶼ˣҿȥҲûˡ
֣óֹİ١
սսƽأǾʹҶѾɹѹˣ֮սܹҲ⵽ش
ûһսܹԼĴʹɱ
ʱֹΨһĵģҶ浽ʲôĴѣûˣ
иʹݣλս֮еһλһʱ֪
룬ֹûһ˿Ρ
ҶôֹͿԾҶϴʱ䣬ֿԸҶദϴʱˡ
սսȥʥʯѪ׼һͷͨޣȻֹ
ֹҴ֮࣬ȴЩΪѣ쾫Ѫ׼ĵޣȫǴ֮¼õޡ
Ѿһˣʵδã
룬ֹſڵȥ֮¼ĿȻһĿԻᲹϡ

Ȼ˵ģֻҪֹһڣͿԴĵ֮вϣֹȴԱ顣

Ҳ߸ոհʱ֮кպ綫ߵĴ֮оɽ֮ϣһ֮˾ϲĿ
죬ȥ飡
ȥе֮ѪᡢĴȥҴ֮ڵѪ֮е˵Ρ
ȥ˭ԵɺϾ˴磡
鰡ˮתҪֵҴһХˣ
ͷüëȫ˵Ĵһ嵱峤ʱϲĻֱ
ȴĶϷŵһ׵ĽɫΪǡɫΪĳᣡ
Ǵʼµһᡣ
ǰƴСһᣬᣬǧš
ǴһĿǰǧѪ
֮ÿһᱳ󣬾ʹһᡣ
ЩɫСһЩΪߵ͡
ϸƵĿЩ֮Уŷ·ѪһѪ磬еϵѪɫ磬ûйͨᡣ
ֻռʮ֮һ֮һ֮һ֮һǳٵġ
ʱ峤Ŀ⣬ȴĶһƬԴᣬƬϵѪɫ磬ȻѾռϡ
ң֮еѪɫ磬ڲϵš
ֶʼˣֻҪѪɫռһ룬Ҳɡ
ʹһͷᣬѾ˴ѪʱգͻΪһͷ̫޴磡
̫޴簡
Ǵһ壬ݺǵĴڣ۷ʱ˺Ĵ½֮һǴһ壬ȴֻܹһ硣
ֻܹڻޱƶĴڣ
ԭܼ򵥣Ǵһ壬ĿǰѾûһͷϵĴ磬峤ҲǸᡣ
ʵϣ粢ǳ֮Ϊһ壬ǽΪ峤
һͷĴھѣֻҪͷĴ磬ʱգͿ̡
ȡõľס滷Դ
ôһѪõķܡ
ĿĶڵѪɫ磬峤ѾʼԺˡ
ͻȻ䣬һԴȻ󻹲а۾
ЦǴһ˫ܿ
һɲǣĿƬһͷڳֵϵѪɫ磬ڷɿš
ң˵ٶޱȡ
ϵѪɫһɲȫȥ˸Ƿ·վһ㣬ҵĻζ˼£Щûص
ҪǣǴһͷµĴϵѪɫ磬˵ԭĳ̶ȵʱѪɫ˲Ϣ˻ɫĴôƮ䣡
ۣ
һѪӴ峤п͵
˭ҹӥѪһŭ쳹󣡡


1732 ٳ
һ峤ΪǴһհò³ֵһͷŭʱ
Ҷ棬ոһа׽ӵԪޣ
ҶٶȽĴĴϣͬʱ֮ڡ
˵ʵڴ֮ǰҶնɱ˾ʥ֮Ҳܹջһöǿľ顣
ǣҶδ쾹Ȼܹջһö̫޴ľ顣
磬ǿһͷҡ̫ʱٶ̫֮һƾֲٶȺͷϵ츳ͨսǿֲޱȣ
ľжǿ֪
Ҳʵϣţľ黹Ҫǿ
ҶΨһĵģǹ
Ͼնɱǰͷ磬ҶɵģǼ֮նɱ֪ܲɾء
̺µƵľѪϢҶƳҶڵʱҶ֪ĵǶġ
ˣ
ǰΣųɵĴڵľϢᱻɣȻɴľ顣
һɲľϢǱ߽һ㣬ύҶΪ
ɱСһɲľϢΪߣ
ǿǵڵǿߡ
ңɵģǷǲ֪˶е
Կ϶ǣ츳ǺϱߣԲҶú١
ϾëǿȾͿƷ
ǣжأ˫չǧײֹ
ԣǽ಻һɵľϢҲҶΪͻͽ
ңҪǣҶʱԿܲܽľϢͻĿǰƿأ
һӰʼ۵ɲǣһݳˮһľҲ£Ҷ档
ԥģҶͽһ鸮Ҷȴûмͻơ
ҶĿǰΪ޷ͻƵҶԪ̫ǿ󣬸ոջɹ޷ҶǿǿߵԪѹ
ôҶ㹻ǿǲǾͿԳԸԪѹ
ȻͿ˳ͻأ
ãҶ޷ͻƵĸԭ뵽һķ򣬽ǡлᣬҶʹ˳һԡ
Ҷ£ޱȵˮһ㱻Ҷֱͽ˵鸮֮е֮С
Ҷ֮һҶǿľ
תԪԪ֮ҶȫٶȽĺùתͽ֮С
һ޷ݵʹд鸮֮дڴ֮ǰҶͽ鸮ߴԲʱǿһѾԵʮֱˣҪӲǶӲͲŽй֡
ͬһɲǣҶĵҲʹС
ҶʱȫɢΪԸԸĵըˣǿֵһЦˡ
£һҶĵܲ˸Ҷֹͣ
ҶǣǵֱʹкʹʹгϢ󣬾Ǳ˿һ㣬Ϊ֮һɡ
ͬʱҶ鸮˼֣͹ע˽ȥ
һͬģҶڳˮһѹ£Ҷ鸮֮еڻ֣øӵĴ׳ӵļ̡
ȴ޵ģڽǿɰԺ󣬾Ҳȥһ˿һ
ҶоҪٶȥһͻᱬ
һɲǣҶѾתƵľϣʼ編ơ
ħڣλսѾҶߣҶŷʬ״̬ҶλųڶߡھʱͳλҶ࣬бҶ˼
һĻľʥ˿Цãѵ˻ẦĵҶ治ɣ
˸̾ģǵĵܣʱǰôλĹĸ֡
ǵϿжϵóڶߡھ˲Ϊߴڣս棬ҲԲ·硣
˵ʵǰһֱҶϢĸôһƬ̣˴ܵ۹Ȳ˷أɹĸ˶ôһС
ǴʱӵеļˮҲǿҶæŴġ
ǾģҶ۹⻹Ǳֻսǳ
ڣǲŷ֣ǻСǵĵܡ
ǵĵܣȻϢָôһ֪ںδС硣
С簡ǸڵľʥۺޱȵС簡
˾̾Ǿ̾
ܣȻĵܵĵ̣ȫݣȸϽ˰ɣһˣһ𡣡ʥԸ
ǼȻǴ˧ֵܣͷˣڣħ磬ûܹ˵ǣڶ˵
ʥ˵ͬʱСèͷһȴǼˡ
֮ǰҶڹؼʱ̣˳ŷ˿ͽ˷ĸڣһ˲Ϣͽĸξķ飬ش˷˵ҲҶһɱĻᡣ
֮һһֱڷһʳ
Ҫ֪߻壬Դͷ̺ࡣ
СèͷԣǴ֮
ԣڷһǾһ㣬ڷʳʳŷΣʥҲֱˮ
ȻѾΣҲ壬ǶԣҲǴ֮
ȴǸҲʧݣֻܸɵۣСèͷݶ͡
ǣʱţڷǾ޴֮ʳСèͷ棬ȴԽԽĲԾ
ôԽԽûͷˡ
ǼڣζΪһأڣȴԽԽûζԽԽûЧ
ڣѾζͬ
ԽԽơ
ǲ֪ǣҶѾĲָˣǵģϾˣζŹ֡
ɻûСèͷӶԲˡ
Ϣ֮λֻʧĴӷĸתʼϷѪζͬЩζˡ
ʱ֮ŷ˶һ΢绯ķĩɢȥҶڣҲһ̺Ӱľ顣
ʱҶȴûʱȥ羫ܣǽȫ鸮֮С
ʱ֮ڣҶѾɴתľ鸮ڵߴ͵ĴСҶǿһɵ֮䡣
ϣѾ˼ˣںҶ治ýȫͻڣؿռ֮á
ߴ͵Сһɣô֮Ҷ͵ǿȣҲ֮ǰҡ
ôȵܲܳҶǿԪѹҶ˳ɾأ
һɲǣҶһʼ


1733 ȱĴ羫
ҶȻɢҶߴ߸ͻȻ䷢ѿĲһ㣬Ʒ·ϵһɢ˷
ڹĴ߶ҶĿӰ£һ¶·ǽڰεض𣬽Ĺһ̺Ϣɢ߲ʹ⻪Ĵ
ʵ壬鸮ٶȿƣɸ
ͬʱҲΪ˸ṩһõıӻ
˵ҶԪ飬ֱԪ֮ڣԪٿԷӳҶ˳ɵս
ôͨ߶ԣΪͨΪϵϵǿ
ĸӰ٣Դȵ˵깥
ͬʱһɣߵͿг׵չǾߵжһ㡣
ߵƵٶȸ죬Էӳǿս
ȻҲֻһƺѡ
ʵϣߵǧٹ֣нһѨģģ巽εģеεģгεģȫƾߵĸ˵ϲ
ߣǽԼŹ۵Ĺ̬
ҶҲѡ񣬲Ҷ߸ͬɫ鸮ĵӣҶѡ鸮֮ϵ鹬ģ
ܹ鹬ӵ󣬲ҶҲԵȥһԼɫ
ý߸ͬɫ鹬ɫʣ߲ͷף鶯ѡ
һУҶеĽţֻҪⶥԪ֮Ҷʽͻˡ
ոշⶥԪովط򹬵һɲǣҶոշⶥɫ鹬ʼҵĲո͵˷سѷ죡
ã
龰Ҷ̫Ϥˡ
֮ǰĳͻƵļΣҶÿһͻʧܵʱ򣬶Ρ
ǲ𡭡
ҶǴʱޱȵĿɬ޷ס鹬ѵơ
һɲǣҶһһֲֿϢ˲Ϣɢ˵ʥкڶߡھţԼǧ̵ˣ˲Ϣޱȡ
ǡǿߵ겨Ϣĵ꣬Ѿǿ˳̶𣿡
ͬʱ۾ʥе𺳣Ѿ޷ݡ
ǧ̣ȻйƲ⣬۸ܵޱȵ𾪡
ڶߡھˣȫһ
ǽԺĽ
һʿԼԪ˧ǿĽԺĽ
ߵһҶȻſϢˣҶԸո鹬ȴҶԪ׷ſ£ٱˡ
ǱȴҶİޱȵԪĿƺ£Ļع˵ߴʧ̽
ҲΪҶԪǿ󣬲ҶüʧܶȻ
Ҫǻߣ˵ʧΣʧһΣƶꡣ
֮Ҷ滺۾ȴޱȵѿ
һΣʧˡ
ߴ͵ָһɵ£ʧˣͬԭ
ԪɾҶǿҶĴ߶ǿĺ鱦ʱҲҶ֮·ϵ·ʯ
ƫƫ·ʯҶֻȥܰῪ顣
ǳҲԪҲԪ顣
ҪȻĻҶΪӦҡ
ץʱһλǰһˣͨ񾳾۷岻ͻƣǴ鷳
ʵϣҶ֮ǰҲ̹ߵġˡԪ鰢λ֪˶Ϲ
ϧǣλܹ㣬Ϸǳ٣ûҶѾ˵ǿ߲͵Ԫ飬Ϊȴͨ۷⣡
ûԪ鰢飬Ҷ֮ΪԹһԼԸ֮·ġ⣡
³һҶ·ٴͻʧܵƳ˳ȥ
Ҷʰ飬ڣ׼ջ̫޴ľ飬˳ĸһ²ˬ顣
ɲǣҶüͷһ塣
̫Ծ
ڵĴ羫飬ȥƺ̫Ծ
һȽϣҶͷ֣͵羫飬ƺ
Ǿڲ̺ǸֵĴӰЩطȻģģ쿴ڸĻӰγĶԱȡ
ߣĻǲȱģȻ˾飬Ӧÿʹãҵ뿴ȱľ飬ܴҡ߸̫޴ĺ츳ͨ
УҶһͳ̫޴ȱľ飡


1734 羫ȱ
ҶȱĴ羫ɲǣҶ鸮УһĪС
ҶЩ죬⻹ǵһ顣
ϸϸӦ֮£Ҷŷ֣Ƿ磡
ڲȱĴ羫ĸ£ؼ˷ͬ׵ķ磬ȻҶ겨һĪĹ
Ǻһ㣬ҶҶ˷Ѽķ磬ҲӦľǻһ㣬Ҷĺһһ
ؼ˷޴ڵķһɲǷ·Ҷһһ
ҶоֻҪһ˷ķ磬ͻ־չӿ
̫޴츳𣿡
ϸϸĸӦУһöö̺µķϵƴҶǰЩϵ̺̫޶ԷƵľ;
ҪЩޱķϵƺͷ֮ҶǰҶԴҲ޷ֺ
ͻȻ俴Ⱥһ㣬ôҲǿס
ǣöȱĴ羫飬һͨԵķһ㣬׼ȷޱȵĸҶ潫Ǹӵĺ
Ǹоǿʱ׼Ĵһ㡣
Ҷ治⣬ǾͿãҺõ֣
ͷ·һ㣬Ҷ羫ɲǣͿ÷Ѫ֮еĴ֮ͷһӵ÷ľ顣
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷһ̾޴ڵķ֮εĸоһɲǣҶͱùŹֶ
Եʱ׼ֻһʲôо
ͷˬʱͻȻֹˣʲôо
˰죬ò״ҸʹʹķˮȻշŵĻȴֵƾձȥʲôо
ЩожܣҶ˿̾жܡ
ʵǲˬĽ
ҶҲֻܿЦţӦþ羫Ĳȱ¡
Ϊʲôնɱ˳ɹ׳Ϊ̫޴ķȴõһŲȱľԭҶҲԲ²š
ȿǾʥڽѪʱ򣬻ûнȫûȫȫĳΪһͷ̫޴磬ͱҶ˸ɵˡ
ΣпҶһɱģǼʮλֺսſնɱģҶֻǳƽɱѡ
ߣпΪڵкܴһֱСèͷһԵԵʣһ
Ҷģԭܼ֮
֮ǰһΣҶ滹ᴴͬսСèͷڲش
Ͼ£ΪѪԭÿʱÿ̶ÿʱÿ̶ڻָϾһ㻹ܴɱսģܾҶһˡ
һҶ潫ȱĴ羫Ϊ̵ܸƲȥٴγ˴羫ء
ҶԣȱĴ羫飬׸ʲôʵԵĺô
һҶ˳Ŵ羫鴫֮У߶䣬˲һ
ɲǼ䣬ҶֻܷһӣķӶҪ
·ûôþҶˡ
ҶͷɲǣͿһֱΧǧһ־ޱȵҶ档
ôˣ
ʦʦղŵٶȣǧ̵Щˡ
Ҷ治⣬ôҸղŵٶȺܿ𣿡ҶԼƺûʲôо
ԣǧˣ֪ô˵ˡ
ʱʥ֮ľʥȴֹǺܿ찡㷽ŵٶȣѾÿˡ
˲Ϣ
Ӧñ˲ϢҪһ㡣
·һգۼ䡢һɲǼ䣬ͳҵĿûпĶ
Ŀûп
£Ҷ涼ЩԾˡ
ԶԶԣʦ𣬾֮ǰǾʥһƺôһΣͳѹôġ
ԣҶͷһϲ
öȱĴ羫ڣõǴٶ츳ҲҲ̫޴ĵ츳ͨ
˴ļٶ츳⻹ҶһһԲԡ
Ҷֱ뾸ʥǧ̡СèԱٶȣԱƶȷжϡ
˼ΣҶϣѹֲסϲɫ
죡
Ƿǳ죡
ǲȱĴ羫ʱҶٶȣǰ˼ʮֹ
ʮľ룬ҶʮΣΪѾͻƵǧ̣һأʥȴһضɲˡ
ٶȣҶô羫Ҳûȫ߶Լ֮Ҷȫ߶Ļ졣
Ҷ澪ϲǣεĳУҶĳٶȣȻƴȫеСèҪһ룬һء
Ҷ澪ϲ֡
Ҫ֪СèĿǰٶȣҪһĵǿߵĻҪ졣
ҶȴСè죡
ν书Ψ첻ơ
Щӵ츳ͨǿǰȻǾԵģҶһ֮ǰ׷ɱûκλֻ֮ܿСèΪٶ̫ˡ
ڣҶٶȣȴСèȫеٶȻҪһ
Ҷս飬ѾԿ϶ȱĴ羫õĺãԿҶսǸࡣ
ңٶȻҶΪǼֱֵ޷
Ҷһ£СèĿǰǲ츳ͨ˲ϢŲǧǾ׷Ҷġ
ǣҶ淢֣ԣֻһľڡ
ҶСèٶȱƴУҶͻȻͷ˲ȱĴ羫ȱݣ
޷ֲȱݣ


1735 
羫ҶģǴٶ츳ҶٶȿԳǼʮ
ǣȴΪ羫ȱԭȴ޷ֲȱݡ
˵ҶõĴٶһ츳ͨǲġ
ҶСèٶȱƴ֮УҶ淢֣һ֮ڣҶСèٶȱžԵȡ
һ֮СèҶ֮ľ룬ͻԽԽС
СèˣСèٶȲûб䣬ҶٶȱˣԽԽԽķȾͻԽ
һǧ֮Сè׷Ҷտʼľ룬ҿʼ
ǧ֮СèѾҶһ֮СèѾҶǧˡ
ڷеĹУҶĸӦٶȽڿʼһ˲ʹﵽ£Ȼĳ½
ҶԵĸӦеʱԽãؼķӰ죬ͻӵɬûһʼĸо
ҶƣӦǴ羫Ĳȱġ
Ҷ֣ĽٶȽ͵һ̶ȣҪһֱָٷУôԵɬֻܶࡣ
ҶȫעĳΣýͨϸӦ֣羫鸳Ҷٶȣʵڷʮ֮󣬾Ϳʼ͡
ʮ֮ĽͷȷǳСҶ֮ǰڰ֮ŷ
֮羫Ҷǿٶȣʮ֮ڡ
ʮ֮ڣҶٶȱ˲ƻҪ죬ȵڵĴڻҪ죬Сè÷е޻Ҫ졣
ʮ֮ȴʼ˥
ʮﵽ֮䣬Ҷٶɱһǳߵĳ̶ȣ֮󣬾ͿʼٵĽ͡
ϣҶĿǰٶɲǼͿӶʮޱȡ
һҶֻҪϢʱ䣬ǣǧȴҪϢʱ䣬ٶȼһ롣
ô羫ҶٶĶλͺȷˡ̾뱼Ϯ
Ҷ͸һǳе֡ӡ
˿ֻ˸һ£Ҷͳʮ￪⡣
Ȼ˵羫ҶӵȱݵģҶȴǷǳϲ
Ϊõʵս֮У÷ǳǿ
෴ӵȱݣҶ浹ǲôں
ƶСèСè˲ϢǧСèĳǳǿ
ĳ̶ֳ˵羫ٶȱݣҶԣʲôˡ
Ҷ˾ţ֮˺ս֮Ǹɵǰ׷ɱľʥ
ǣڷǺģҶȴһ֪
ҶҲô⣬϶ҶЩǰģӦǺĶͷ
ҲǼλˡ
ҶǵǱ
ôһ׷ɱгȫˣҶ뿪ħٻת֮ѵ
֪ѲϴǧŻʲô۶ӣʲô취ԸҶء
ԣҶøϽתִ֡
һأҶ沢ôںǱȲڶ·ѲʹȴҶڴ֮ܵ
ȴϴǧŸô
Ҷħ鶼ûô׼뿪
ʥһ£Ҷͽٴսռ֮Уʱ֮Ӱ֮¼
ϣҲҶոսʥͽ⻮ֿһռڵʱȴʦηɰ׵
ҶģٲҳȥŲһ㣡Уżֿǻ
ηɰ׵ڿʥ˵ʱͣһ£ߵĿǻ˲ϢʧҶ涼ľսķŭ
Ҷһæʦηɰ״˳
Ƴɲǣηɰ׾ԲɣŭĶҶ棬һҶԣһͽҶĶһš
ʥ˼״һĶռĽ䣬Ҷһร
Ҷһֻ䣬ηɰ׵±ɸָ״ʹҶ죬ǲ˵һ֡
ΪҶʦηɰ׵ķŭΪʲôᷢôƢ
ȫΪ֮ǰƴʱҶ潫˶ռŪ˳Сèͷ滹д͡ڣȫŪ˳ʥƴ
ƫƫηɰס
Ҷһ˽ģΪٶ̫ˣһСģͻᱻ˺ɷ飬Ҷǵηɰ׵İȫġ
ǡ
֪ҷİʱ䣬о֮ǰһӹʱ䶼ҪѹҪ
ηɰ׺ȻƽĳҶ˵һ䣬Ҷͷ͵һ
ߣǶ̶̰ʱʱ֮Ӱ£߿ǽʱ䡣
֪֪㷽ŲһͽƷˣƽηɰЪ˹
ҼţһΣҪٸңǱɱˣҾ͵ĨӣǽûҾһˣηɰҧгݵ
ֻҶ°һۣҶ°һֱ͸ǵĸо
Ҷⲻǣ뼷ЦȴôҲ
ΪҶ濴ʦηɰ׵Уʱˮ
Ҷηɰ׷ڷŭ˵Ļȴ治
ȥηɰˮҶϿҵʦ㣬ҴӦ㣬ԺҲˣ
Ҳҡ
Ҷͷηɰϵĺ˪ǻȥˣֽҶȵŸʲô죡
£Ҷˣʦ㣬զˣʲô
콫ͻҪץһʱ̵ʱ佫Ϊñηɰ׻˵

ҶϢ֮ηɰ׵ߴ£ЦŽηɰٴͽĿռ䡣
ģҪһеĿޡ
˵һ֮ǰ飬Ҷ»ͬ
ΪһˣԲܽԼŮΣյľء
ħ磬ħĲ̵࣬ʱͳһħ硣
⣬ҪĽ죡Ҷ潻
ҵȽ˧ڶߡھͬʱ
̵ĽҶٴδħ뿪ˡ
һҶ뿪֮ʱȴǴʮڵħ꽫١
ϴҶ뿪ʱ鷢ֻ֣ҪΪͨϵħ꣬Ϳ뿪ħ硣
ϴδߵĺںĴ½һʱڣΪûκε˥䣬
ԣҶһ뿪ɴִһħ꽫
Щħ꽫٣ȻûսܸͬΪȣֻҪҶӦĳħǾܹӳͬߵս
ǡҶĿǰߵʵЩ׼һ뿪ħ磬Լǿʵ
ϧǣ֮ǰսУħʧأǸ߼١
ǽĸ߼ħ꽫٣ħͲֻ࣬ʮһˣ֮ǰսֱɵʮһλ
ԣҶʮλѾǼˣҪȻҶ滹ԶһЩ
֮ҶħĿռ֮뿪˺Ĵ½һԭϡ
ֵɲǣҶͱ˷򣬿СèͿʼӡ
ҲҶոտʼ·Ҷռڵĸݣĵ
һۣҶɫʹ˴䣬뱱ϵĸݡ
ħʱһĸûС
뿪ħĸݾ˶ѵˣ


1736 ѲĹŹ
үû°ɣ
Ҷĸ֮󣬴ĵһ仰ǹ
ô˺£ѲϴǧųˣҶæʵ
û£үû¡үû°ɣе
ţ
Ҷüͷһ壬Щ㲻켱еĵҪʲô
һĸݸҶͨ磬ʱȴһ˼һĸݡ
үʲô¶ûСҪǰǰֹͨСŲϵǣѯ䣬˵Σˡ
Ǹæ㣬ȴôҲϵϣ٣һﻹΪˣġٶȽ
үģҿǼ㲻µģû¾ͺã켱
ģû£죬죬ͻϻȥǺúţɴ⡣
꣬ҶĸݣΪˣû뵽ԭ龪һ
ҶһͬʱҲó볤ֹϵСͨѶŲ󣬸ֹһⱨƽġ
ϧǣĸֶǳԴһδӱ̫Ӱϵõ˼ԣûеõ
ҪȻ볤ֹϵҲȽϷ㡣
Ҷһδħ뿪̫ûнҶ͵ħֻվ֮У΢һ·λҳϹŲ
Լİľ룬ҶСèÿʱʮҵٶȼɣֻһ벻ʱ䣬͸ϵϹŲ
ò˵СèһεͻƣҶĴæ
Ҫǰİľ룬СèæҶҲҪа˵ʮܸϵ
ڣȴֻҪһʱ䡣
⻹Ҷ汣СèķСèԼ޵ʮϵٶȷУʮʱͿԵִ
֮СèҪüܳ׻
һ󣬱òҶٴδӾ뱱ĺԭϹŲ뿪Сèٶȣòһ죬ͿԷر
ҶƽصʱһֱصȴϢĵߴȨͼųȴǼˡ
ʱѾȥüˣʥûκϢ
ͼųˣոձͼųӺڷ̳ΪɽİͶҲȵЩżˡ
Ѿͼųĸۡס˺üʱˡ
ȨǱ߿Ϣˣȵʱ򣬰ɽҲ಻סͷļУͼųʵ
ͼųʱȴһżеİɽ𣬻ҡҡͷǱ߻ûϢ·;ңԶˣϢһ֪ġ
ɣϷѾźˣȥɣЩӣһ¼Ǽһ뵽ȻȺڽطͼų˵

ɽȻʵʵӦУʧ֮ɫ
ûʲôԿҶǸ׸ˡ
ңȻҶ滹гֹдûãǾþµ۾ǿҶ볤ֹ֮Ĺϵһ㡣
Ҷ汻նɱϢųֹǼ˿϶ʹ֣ʱݻصʹޱȵĳֹǲŽн
뷨Ǵ˺üڴ˺óʱˡ
ȴЩʧ
ɽһ뿪ͼųһʱ
Ա˶·;ңԶȷʵпܵ飬Ƕһõϴһ붯ľʥѹʲô
ʥ˲Ϣǧһ챼Ϯǧ顣
ԾʥһǧٶȣٽϹŲ󣬺Ĵ½κһ䣬ʥһʱɸϵ
ʵϣǿܳ⣬ͼųƲ⾪ʥʮа˾Ѿ⡣
ǰͼųòŪҶλ÷ʥʥͼųȺϢ
һֱȵڶ죬ûյϢ
ͼų֪ܳˣǲŻ⡣
ϾԷʵǶϵǿڵǿߣҲһս֮
ԸһССҶ棬ôܻ⣿
ǣʥѾʧȥϵˡ
ͻȻ䣬ͼųԼĹܼҼ˹һأүոյϢȲѲڶ·ѲʹҶ棬ת˱
ʲô
Ҷƽȥˣ
ⲻܣ
ͼų͵һվͷ˲Ϣصɽͣ۵𾪡
˼ٰİɣ
ܼȴһĿɬүǱߵˣ͹һӰ
ԣͼųһ򣬽һۣһƨɵӡ
ӰУĿؿξһڹԱӭҶظΣı档
ҶһĻ
Ҷð䣬ѪȴܽΪͻƵޣȴޱȵĺ
ǷӰͼųͷ͵شһģôʥĴڣʰҶ档
һжӲ
ͼųͷһ֮࣬ȴ͵һ
ҶŻˣôʥأ
ǡ
һɲǣͼųһľ㤣͵ؽ˦˼ԴͼǸޱȵͷ˦Ժ
ͷ˵˦߾˦ߵģ
Ϣ֮Щ㤵ĵߴȨͼųתǻصң׼ϵһλѣһ¾ʥΡ
ǧ˸ߵΪ͵λõߴȨͼųĹϵĹ

龪һصҶ棬ʼܹĵԱӦѲǧŽķѡ
⼸꣬Ҷûڱ£ڶ·Ѳʹȫֽ˿뿤ξƜWԼ졢㡢Ѳ񽫷İ̽ţˡ
˵²ĹԱϲĹԱҶ涼ûȫ
ԣתĵһ£ҶһһԽӼĸͳ˧ǧϵУξڶ·Ѳʹµķ̽ѲԵСͷĿҶҲһһȫԽӼһ
ҶĽӼ¼Уǧˡ
Ӽÿһ٣Ҷ涼ǳ棬߹֣ƽһʱܹӼʮ˾ˡ
ÿˣҶ涼Ĳͬѯʼǳе⡣
ɲҶ˷ʱ䡣
һҶǿԼȲڶ·ѲʹȨҶȴųܵ
ֻҪЩٲ⣬ôı͵ڶ·ѲʹͲ⡣
Ҫ˵ˣʼֱܷ

²ܡ
ǣҶĽͨӦ£ǧǿ΢Ӧ£Ҷ治֪ʵÿһԷ仯仯
ڴ͡Ǿ˵츳ͨ۲£ѯߵһ㲻߽ŵı仯䶼֪
ֻҪЩ⣬Ҷͻгһ¼µѲ˾ܵ顣
ǲͬѰ⣬Ȼϴ
ؼޱȵʱ̣ǲ鲻ʲô⣬ҶҲὫĹԱؼλãԲȫ
Ҷ㻨ʱ䣬ŽҪӼĹԱһһӼϣֻ˽һµĹ򣬲ŵȡ
ǣҶȴȻ֣֮ԼһˣѲϴǧǱߣȻûһ㶯


1737 
ǰҶոѲڶ·ѲʹʱϴǧžҶһԸҶ档
һεĳͻҶѲһŶӡ
˾Ѳ˾һ֮еټԪ誡
ԪŶӣǳҪΪ֣Ҷ⼸ûжù
ֻǽټԪ誣ѲϴǧҪֶԸҶ棬ǾҪ뷽跨֪ͨҶ档
Ҳһֱûϡ
ԪҲûҶʧǰҶش֮ûãͱϴǧΪࡣ
һ֮Լһ£ѲϴǧȴûκζΪһ˵ѲϴǧűʲôҶϵһԪ誣ϴǧʲôж
Ԫ誸ҶĴ𰸣ȴҶЩ⡣
ʵϣ֮ڸյǰҶ浱ʰ¹Ѳ³ؾɽȲѲϴǧ˽飬ҪԸҶ棬ʰҶĵڶ·Ѳʹ
ǣѲϴǧŸؾɽĻشȴЩ⡣
ϴǧԣ֮ڸսҶ϶ȫ䱸óȫӦѲܵķѡ
ʱѣɹĿԲ
ԣʱҶи֮гֶԸ
𰸣ҶЩ⡣
ѵĿǰƽ˾ԭ
ҶԪ課ƭȴֺ˵᲻Ѳϴǧŵɱ֮ơųķأ
˵Ҷ˵õϢиʱѲǱߣֻặȻ֡
ԣҶ־衣
ܿģҶͷֻ֣ǧǧշĵ
¸߶Ⱦ䣬޷̫õġ
ҪȻҶ治ۣĹԱ٣Ҳ޷ü֡
ǳʱ䱣ָ߶Ⱦ裬ָ߶Ⱦͻһľ״̬֡
ԣڰ֮ҶȻ˱ĸ߶Ⱦ䣬ȴڽ
Ҷ˼ȥѲϴǧϹ٣Ҷ֣Ǵӱְࡢ鱨ͨЩ֡
潻Щи߼Ա⼴ɡ
ңҶ濴ڱҲǸ£ĿǰѲϴǧҶĶͷ˾
ϴǧҶ鷳ʱԡ
Ҷܲһֱڱɡ
ҶĿǰΪؿ޷ͻƣһ⣬ҶҪ취Ľ
ҪȻĻһ޷ҶΪһ޷ͻơ
ֻΪսﵽһĳ̶ȣܹγһ
Ϊ޷ͻƵ⣬ǵ֮
˼ȥҶϵõɽ䭡
ʦдУޱȵķḻֵΣԣҶרɽ⡣
ҶͨСͨѶŲϵɽ䭵ġ
֪Ҷ⣬ɽҲޱȵľ㵡
ʾ뱲ӣһϣʲô߻ħ͹龰ҶΪ̫ߣԪ̫ǿ޷ɣǵһ
ҶЩĶ֪£»һ̫Ӱ
ɽҲǰ֪࣬ҶզΪġ
ǿߵԪ飬ͨ񾳵Ϊֱǡ
Ҷˡ
ɽҲǵһ˵֣ǴɽҲˣҶɽûϣˣ
ʧ֮࣬ɽȴûϻؾҶ棬ԼһҶ棬ֻԲ鿴ҶΣܹȷķ
֮Ҷ뿪˱ɵ
£ʱӰ£Ҷ˷˴ʱ֮⣬ˣǿĿޡ
ʥֱΪسкڲȣСèҲΪͻƵڡ
һΪʹСèٶȺͳ־÷ٴһҡ
Ҷʱ䣬͸ϵɵ˾Υɽ䭡
ҲûٷϻҶ͵ɽ䭵棬һγͻ
ûκ⣬ʧܣ
ɽ䭵üͷȴǽſЦҶǸΣ֮δţ컹ǵһμʱûʲôõĽ취
Ȼ׼Ҷ滹Ƿǳʧ
û취𣿡ѲΪҪԶͨ񾳾۷壿
ɽ䭿óҶżæ˵ҶȲҪϷûа취ϷʦǼʶϷİٱֹ˵н֮
ңҶˣõ˴֮ûн֮ҲܸҶһȷĽ򡣡
ԣҶ԰
Ȼƾһϡ֣Ҷ滹ûҵ£ҪҶ̫æˣûʱˡ
ǣǸôǸϡ֣ȷʵе˼
ɽǼĸʦ¡
Լһʱ֮ɽ䭾ͻˣɽһ֮ɫҶһʵ״ִ£˽֮
ɽ˵ͷȷʵ˽֮
Ҷϲ


1738 ֻӡ
ϷʦĿǰԵĿǰȻ޷ͻԭȴǺ֮ɽ˵
ҪΪ츳Ԫ飬ңкɫ͵ɫԪ顣
ɫԪ飬ͨԪӵǿƸǿҲǳû޷ͻƵԭ򡣡
ɽ˵ЩҶȴЩȻҵԭˣǿԽ֮
ʦԣȻҵԭǾͿԶ֢ҩһΣҶûдǶĵɽ˵ġ
ѹƻԪ֮ʦΨһ취ɽ˵
ԣҶʱЩ࣬ԭҲ취Ҳ뵽Թ
ѹԪ̸֮ס
ķҶҲԹΣѹá
ԪҶԪ顢Ҳ걾Դ֮ѹ޹غǿ
ң̫ʱ޷֧סҶĹ̡
˼ȥѹƻԪ֮ʦֻЧķɽ˵
ЧҶһæɽ䭡
䷨һŵùĸش걾ԴԪѹȻȵĽͣȻͿԳͻơ
ʦԣ˷̫գش걾ԴԲ֣֮йͻɢ
ǿش걾ԴպҪѵָ¾ǻʱ䣬Ծ޷ָԲ
ң걾Դش֮ǲģʧܵģԶ֮٣ϲС
ԣҶֻпЦʵϣӣͨǧҲ˵ͬʵʩղ˵ҾǿɹҲǺ
ڶأҶôĵڶ취
䷨ǽԪ飬Ԫ֮Ƶһ̶ȣͿ˳
ֻҪ׵ȶһΪǿһٳѹƣͿ˳ͻƵˡɽ˵
أҶЦ
һ˵ףڲ˵걾Դ£̺걾ԴԪ飬ϲܡ
٣Ҷû뵽κη
ɽƺǿҶ뷨ԪȷʵǳѣʦΪҲ޷ڲ˵걾Դ£Ԫ֮
ǣôһּ֮²γɵıȴȻԪ֮ܡ
ʲôҶæʵ
鱦ֻӡɽ˵
鱦ֻӡҶɻҡҡͷδ֣״ִ£߿У
ɽҡͷ֮Ҷʵ״ִ£֪˱ںֻ֮䣿
ȲҪżϷһһ
ɽһͽаʱȴҲֻӡ䣬Ҷ潲˸
ֻӡı壬ֻѪɷֻѪɷĲĿ̡
ҪֹģսģÿζʬʮϰսģѪɷɱԹǧķͺۣܲôһֻѪɷ
ңǧʱڣ˾Ƭսÿʮϰ꣬µʬѪҺɱɷԹͶ룬ֻѪɷֻӡ
̣ؼܹԵɺ֮²ôһƶˡ
̫źϹʱڣȴһֹֻѪɷ֮Ҳһöֻӡ
һöֻӡ֪䵽˺С
ڶö͵öֻӡȴΪ˵õֻӡΪսΪѡսʬ塢ѪɷɱԹ۳ֻѪɷƳֻӡ
ΪöֻӡģûӴǾġ
ϢͨöԣܣɽѾҶˡ
һĿǰͽµ
ʱݴܵķսһǧʱ䣬Ƴһöܾ˵ֻӡ
˵һǧʱڣǰǰսʿһڣ
ϧǣȻ֪õһöֻӡУò̫
ɽԣпöֻӡģľֻаС
ڵöֻӡڣҶмֹϵˡ
öֻӡǴѰ˰깦򣬷˺üʮѪսá
䣬Ҳ
ǵöֻӡڴսڣս֮


1739 ޼˾
ɽ䭻˵õĴѾҶ潲ĺˣҶҪĿǰ⣬ΪͻƵͱҪ鱦ֻӡ֮
ֻӡ깥֮ǿ˵ѹ
ֻҪ߷ֻӡһΧ֮ڣߵͻܵѹơ
ͨߣԪĵǿߣЩ컯ˣҲɱĻֻܵӡϵѹơ
ѹƷȣ뱻ֻӡľйء
ֻӡԽѹƵķԽֻӡľԽѹƵķԽС
£ֻӡ֮ڣͨܽӳ˳ɾͲˡ
ڵǿߣڣܷӳųɵȲ
ʮڣͨĵµߣ꽫ܵɵѹƣܽһӳɾͶˡ
ӵԪߣѹɣܷӳ˳ɵ
ֻӡӰ췶Χʮ֮ڣûԪߣǽһ㣬һıܵĿ־塣
ǿܹ֧סֻӡѹƲԱѾͲˡ
Ԫߣ룬ܹӳ嵽ҵ
õĴԣǻҶôֻӡʮͻƣʲġ
ҶȴɣҶɫɵɫԪ飬ǿͨԪֻܵӡѹƣȻҪɫԪٵĶࡣ
ԣõĴ飬ھֻӡﷶΧ֮ͻƣǽʵľ롣
ȥֻӡõĴҶķҲȷ

ҶЩƣڴ֮ǰõ𰸣µ糵̸нУἰ¡
ٴľľǱߵԽһֻӡ
붼Ҫˡ
ɽԣֻӡпľУ˵һҶŲԩ
˵Ǿ״Ӽʹ̣ҶŻⲻĳ޺ͳͻ
ֻ߽ӡǿ޵㡣
ؼֵǵһöֻӡѾʧ˲֪ˣöûһϢ
ҶҪڶʱҵԼͻƣǵڳ˵Ρ
ңҵˣֻӡˣҲûҶ档
ôҶʣµѡ񣬾ֻһˡ
ڴսⱦһöֻӡˡ
ҶģɹĿԺܸߡ
Ĵ׼̸࣬Ͻ飬ܹϻʹݡ
ߣҶóֹ棬׼಻Ҷ棬ܵøֹӰɣ
£ҶİջǺܴġ
ңǰղҶҲùȥ뷽跨Ľֻӡһá
ҪȻҶΪⱲǾ͵ͣͨ񾳾۷ˣһ룬Ǿһ硣
ʦηɰڿ࣬Ϊͨ񾳾۷壬˳ͻƵȻֽΪһڡ
Ҷƣһ·תأٻʮµʱ䣬ʦηɰ׵ΪܹͻƵһغڡ
˵ģ͡Ϊʱ䲻ԴĿҲغڴﵽͨأۿžҪ׷Ҷˡ
ҶǸ
ԣɽ䭴ôл֮ȻҶ͸ɽ䭣ٴϢ뿪ɵٶȷء
˳·ģҶ滹ȥһ˶СʥˮˮԪˮ
ʥηɰ⼸ҵģһֱҶڿޣôʱ䲻¶棬±ߵ֣˵ĵġ
һǴѹ񣬶ҲüڸԵĵ¶¶棬չʾչʾ⣬塣
ȻҪԭЩˡ
ԭҪʱۻ֮·ȴΪҶʱ֮ʮ
÷ǿ˲ȥһʵ
ҶҲ֧ǣϾûǿʵ֧ŵ壬ʱڴ´ĵ̣Ҳסһλ벽ǿߵǿߵѪӶᡣ
ڻʵĺá
ʥ˵뷨ֻҪû˴ϼţǾͽ˻ʵ
һΣҶһˣ˸ȫļƻ
ưһʵǿС
ֵµֵʵͬҲ
ҶĿǰռ䣬ȻҲǣĿǰȴֻ֧һǧ
࣬ͳĳܷȣҪĺʯˡ
ң޷Ԫģֻúʯ͵ҩʵ
ҶĿǰյԴԼãޱȵɣôô
ʮ˸ҲǷſһͬʱϰٺ˷ſٶȾ̫ˡ
ҶĿǰңҲֲ֧̫á
ã˾
ʥˣÿ˿ԴԼºѪ֮Уѡһ˽պµľӢս
ÿԼµİ˾ӢԴɸ˸ṩͷַ
֮£ҶĲҪ࣬գҶѡ˽ڿռ
ھħΧﾪʥһۣҶ淢֣սĺܺá
Ƕʹԡ
ǣھʥ̫Զֻǲͬһ£սսͻȵ
һսֹ쳣ڲսսԶӳҲ˼λսһս
սս󣬲ʥܱ߲ӳ֣սʱ̳ΧҲԲսսӳս顣
ңּӳ֣ǽļӳֻ֣ˣ˽Ľսӳ֮£սսȣҲʮ˾ļӳַ
ԣҶ˾Ȼڳޡ
Ҫʱǳ˵ͻᷢӳӵиıսʤ
ңļ˾ãɲǲսսӳս顣
ļ˾ÿһλǿսǲսӳʱҲá
ԣҶ;ѡļ˾
ǣʱ֮¹شɸҶټƾʧ϶Ȼ󲨡
˾ûԸֿ޼˾
ο˾ѡˣʱ֮ĴڣǺס
˼ȥҶͻȻȥ½ƭȡʥĴʹ֮λʱ˳һǧʹ̴ӡ
Щʹ̴ӣһɶǿߡ
һҶ涼Ҫ
ǿһ£Ժԥ׳ʹ̴ӡ
Ǳʥڹսͽ
ǲµսս󣬼ӳӵǿ
ңҳϷ棬˵ҶǣҶûǣЩʹ̴ӵҳϣҲԱ֤
Щˣ޼˾ѡ


1740 Žٽ
ʥľӢսѡʵܺð졣
Ϊڴ֮ǰʥѾԴ½ѡǧѪᣬ͵Ԫӳʥˮ
ǧѪ֮ѡһˣǳļ򵥡
ҶЩ鷳ˡ
һǧʹ̴ӣҶһ仰ͿԴ½ߣǣȴҶһ½
ҶѾˣ˻СèٶȣҲһĹѡ
ȴʦηɰ׵ϡ
Ӣսһ£ηɰױûʲôȤֻԼΪ
ҶʥǿҪ£ʦηɰҲһ־Ӣ
㲻ʥԶԿǿǶһľӢսΪηɰԼİȫҲһЩָʹҳݵľӢԲȫ
ߣηɰԺ߻һûžӢҲǲеġ
ηɰ׵뷨ѡʮλʲŮߣͿԡ
ǣηɰŮĵļһ˴֮ηɰͻȻ͸ıˡ
ҲҪѡһλŮ̽ңһλŮ̵ҪЩ⡣
ΪڿµߣˮԹԪδʧŮߡ
һҪЩˡ
ȻԺĴ½֮ЩҪ󲢲ѣҶһĿǰӰҪڱͱڣҪ֪֪׵Ůߡ
ҪǴ룬ҴµûѺЩʱ䡣
½Ͳһˡ
ֻҪҶһ£Ҷηɰ׶֣ƾӴ̵֣ܹʱ֡
ңǺЩ˳ġ֤ҳһϣҲޱȵļ򵥡
Ϊ½Ҷ滹ηɰףѾΪ½Ĵ棬ֻҪţȻȻĻЩ˵ľη
ңĿǰҶѲϴǧſ˺Ĺؼʱ̣ѲϴǧǱߣƴǧľӪ롣
Ǳ֪̽ҶѰ֣㰲弸˹Ȼйܣ͹Ҷúúһˡ
½ѡûⷽ鷳
Ψһ鷳ҪҶһ½Ҫ˷Ѹʱ䡣
Ȼ˵ֵѲϴǧſ˺Ĺؼʱ̣ǶԷҶҲš
ңҶһδħתʮħٺħ١
ΪħбЩħٳڱʣѹԱ
ԣҶ潫ʮħٺħ꣬ȫ˴ǰ򼸴ˮĺͳܡ
һפкͼˮˮİȫһı֤
ڶкͼˮѲѲ񽫷İͿԷĵĻתˡ
Ѳ񽫷İҶټ򣬵µǿϮݡ
Ҷ뿪죬ҲͲʲô˵ˡ
ǡҶһ˾ʥˮֱӻת½һˣʡԺ˷ʱ䡣
ת½Ѿչó׵ҶԣѾᳵ·ˡ
ת½ĵһʱ䣬ҶСŲ֪ͨŹ澭̵ʱѡһŮ̵Ҫ
ڸ·ϣҶҲηɰ׵뷨˵ηɰ׵Ľ鵽ʲôˡ
һ죬һȴҶĿǰǿߣηɰ״յһ飬ҲͲˡ
ηɰһͻͽٲĆ£Ҳ֪һӢļƻ
ηɰױǼ򵥾ͺãмιʹĽ̾ͺãȴΪ
ҪôҪôǿġ
ΪηɰṩһΪŽٽϹŽϻ֮
ԶսӳǿʵҲԽ֮ӳֵϣýʵɱɱ
⽣ֻҪСɣͿýԽս
ԽսԽС磬Խ󾳽սƥ
ԣŽٽϹʱǿĽ֮һ
⽣ѡȴΪ̣Ҫͬͬס˴ޱȵΣţʱľãɲס
ǣҶʱռ֮ʱѾ⣬ѡѡϣ½ܣҲѡ
ųû˳
ĻҶ滹ŵġ
ڽһϣӲԡ
鷳鷳Ҷ滹Ƿǳ֧ηɰס
Žٽ󣬿ɴС˾ͿԳ󣬵Ҳһ㣬࣬ԾžŰʮһ˲½ƥ
սһ̲սô⽣̾Ͳȱˣһλλ̣Ҫĺܳʱ䡣
ԣηɰ׺ҶĽǣһΣҪѡһԷнս֮󣬿˳Ʋλ
һ㣬Ҷȫ޳ɣ
ңޱȵڴ
ҶߵˣʥʵǿԽսںܳһʱڣʥܻڵǿǰȴûвǿߵ
ǣԣֻҪŽٽɣôηɰΪûͻƵηɰҲвĴڡ
ηɰ׵ΪԽߣĽΪԽߣӳսԽǿ
ʱηɰƾŽٽ󣬾ͿԶһ棬ǶҲûκ⡣
ʱҶͲˡ
ò˵ޱȵĺĴ½߹ˣͻȻת½һ½Сĸо
Сèһʱ䣬ʹλĵصϹŲ󣬵ִ˺ˮ۹ڡ
ʮǰҶҪ룬Ҫĸµʱ䣬·ϻҪܿΣա
һ·ֱ߷УֻҪСèųһϢЩжĳǧķޣҲΨֱ֮
Ҷϴ뿪½Ѿʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ٴβ췭ظı仯
ΪҶӰѾΪٵ֮һ
ѾչΪһ˷壬Ϊ
ЩԤе飬Ҷ沢⡣
ֻϿɨһۣҶϢ˸ĸסĺɽ
Ҷ濴ĵһĻȻСҶڰᡣ
ڱùӺݳ顣
Сһ¾ͱҶ徫Ѫ׽裬ϴǣ˲󣬵һѪȴѾȻ龳ߣǿޱȡ
׹ӶˣСһȴûһ㣬ԴֵģĸҶҪҶĸ׽ѩȴǲͣš
ܽ̿ԣȴܶ
ĸ׽ѩ˵СӼҼҵģܳŵס
ҶǣҶ澹Ȼ˷ܵӰ
Ҷ®ţĸ飬û뵽Ҳˡ
Сӣҽֻ䲻飡˵㵽׶ͷϵҶɺʵ
ҶȴԴһǿ£ΪģҲҲҪΪС
ԣֻ飡
㡭˭˵ǿµġ
ѵ𣿡СһҶһ棬Ҷֱš
ҶһͳҶ®䳡У˾ϲĪע£ֱҶǰµСܣֻ䲻飬ֻܳΪ֣ȶ䣬пܳΪС
׸㿴飬ȫ
磬ˣ˵𣿡Ҷһľϲ
Ȼ
㰮𣿡
Ҳ̫ϲ
Ǵô
Ҷûлشȡһɫ󰵳ıӵݸ˸ҶɣƤ͵ޣֻҪóһȥСƤ
ΪһޣƤ
Ȼ󣬳ҶһЦҵô˰ɣ
Ҷһ㣬ӹƤޣһըޣͽǰĲݵըһӡ
Ȼ󣬾ЦҶСӣһΣҿ㻹Ҳ鲻㣡
ը޾˿ֲٿ߹ҶɣҶһֵļУɿıĸ׽ѩ
һĻҶЦţȻſ˫ۣһɲǣ۷ˮĶŮͶһ㣬˽ҶĻ


1741 ɱ
Сʤ»飬ͬ߷ˣвǲö˵һоڲС
Ҫ飬Ҷȫȥץڰ죬Ҷ͵øУ㸸ĸλա
ΨһҶͷʹģ¾ĸ׽ѩ߶ˡ
۾ǴҪӣÿ¹ޡţޡ޼ϸֲ׳֮ﰾƵĲԪ
Ҷ꣬ȻһСҶĶ䣬ҶĲҽУҶɳ
ԻǳûȥɽˮʵǸҶռʱ䡣
ֻ׼ʱǱϷһŪһҶˣȻȥҩˡ
Ҳ׼ʱĻȴǼҩһʢʳȻٲһ
Ҷ˳ֻ꣬ҶĶ뿪ȥˮ۹ĵ۶磬ϾͲˡ
Ȼ󣬵ڶһȴֻ׼ʱ
⾢ͷ˵÷ܶ˼ˣܲסˡ
ҶҵŪĸֲǿȫݵҩõ¹ޣҲ¹¹ޣǴҽʦ򵽵ط
ǾͷҶֱѪŮܲסˡ
ŪҶϵҶļ䣬ûʲôᡣ
ʵҶ֪ĸ׽ѩ뷨Ǽű¡
ǣ°
˵Ҷܡ´Ĳ٣ߵʦηɰ׸Ǻܶ࣬Ůûеļ
Ϊ£Ҷ氵̹ˮlϸʦҩʦԼ㡣
ˮlηɰ׻Ҷһ壬ûκ⣬ˮlƲ޷еԭ򣬿Ҷ츳йء
ΪԽǿߣѪԽѣЩŬüǧܻ꣬Ѫá
ΪǸ̫ӰΰǷѪ
ԭЩǿΪһ·ϣԼѪ츳ı޴󣬲ŵüѡ
ҶĿǰΪȻ̫ߣǣҶһ·Ѫ츳ı仯ϣкǿߵı仯Ҫࡣ
Ҷ츳Ѫֻ룬ڣȴߴ仯ǳ
ǿȸǿƷԪ顣
ЩԭҶñüѣһӣ츳һǳǿ
ˮlԣҶ÷棬ãŬеġ
⻰ҶɲҶĸ׽ѩ˵ҪȻ׽ѩü
ҵǣĸ׽ѩоЧﵽˣҲûôˣҶ
ҵܹ븸һģ˳˽һ½ơ
Ҷԣ˵ʮ·廹ģ˼ģЩСġ
ʮ·֮俪ʼɣ֮䣬ҲһЩ
ЩҶ治ں
ôһ½Ҫû£治ܡ
ֻҪӰҶ棬ҶͲܡ
Ҫը̵ģҶ治֪ʲôʵ
죬ʦηɰһٷ̷˹֮˾׼뿪ˡ
֮ʣᡣ
Ҷǵ˼Ҷջûдǹȥ
ĿǰǴսʱҶԼȫΣգҶԲԸ⿴ġ
ҪǹȥҲҪηɰ׵Žٽɣʱ򣬾Ҷ治ڣηɰҲԻȫ
ԣҶ滹Ҫһʱ䡣
ҶʹڴӸ塢Ժѡεһ䲻ʮꡢСʮḶ̌ʹ̴ӣϹŲڵء
ڿҪɵϹŲڵĺʱҶͻһת纣ˮкһ㣬ɢ
Ϣ֮Ҷоը֣Ŀⶢĳ߳
߳ҶĿ֮͵һһµߣشвҽŵ䣬ۡڡͬʱӿѪܵش֡
ǣ
ߣҶЩɻ󣬿ȥ죬ȴ벻֡
ǻߴʱȴǻˣһѪæˡϷֻͻȻޣ˸һû뵽ŵ
ҶĿⶢǻߣͻת䣬㵱ɵ𣿡
׼׷ٵģ
˵䣬Ҷָ͵ָһ֮ǻߡ
ɫ䣬ܣǣҶǰܵĻᡣ
һʱ֮Ҷͽܵ͵ֵ̽ǧ۽һۣɫ䡣
ⲻŵ̫ϳϱ½ô㣿
ŵ̫ϳϱ½
ҶǶظһ˿Цŵĵӣ󣡼̴ִţΧš
šϡһӦ˵ȣзߣն˵ȣ֮ɼ鴦
Ҷ˵̫꣬ϳϱ½ͲҶȫϷһ˵⣬һ˵޹أ
ϷţҶ̧֡
ˣ
ҶĿһ½͵ǩ
½ҪʲôҶ̫ˣǿҶ뿪½ΪȻתһͳ½Ҷ棬֪̽뿪½·ߡ
½ڣ뷨ɲǸҸжģȴ֮١
ҶҲû뵽һصߣȻܹ׷ٵ
ȻˣǾɱ


1742 豦
ҶȻִĴ½ʱѪɺӡ
ڴţҶǳεļǧۡ
βΪ£Ϊʵ
ǧ۸Ź澭ֵ£һϸѡִš
ִȫǿߣÿһߣҶ·ȫ׵ƷƷ
ȫ׵ƷװǿʱҲһս֮
˵ǧۺ͹澭ˣҶƵļƷſɱǿߵ鱬ħ
ʵһӵǿߵţ׾٣
ԣɱ֮٣Ҷֻǩģǧۻ֪ô
Ҷʱ䱦󣬿ɲԸ˷
Ȼڣ϶޹ߣһ㣬Ҷš
ǣһҿܱȼҼҿҪá
ҶţĴ½Щǿߣ½գūǲˡ
ֻܹŵĸ߲Ĳ
ȴǸҶ˾ӡ
½ﲻݵļһɲֹһңɵöע⡣
תʥˮ֮Ҷֱ
Ҷ뿪⼸ʱڣҲûʲô鷢ѲǱߣƺԪ˵ʱûκζֵͼ
ҶѲϴǧǱߣһ߰Դ˵۾ߣһҵᣬͻҶһ
ǧշҶķԣҶ֮󣬾ͺܸɴ˾츮˸棬Ȼֱء
ĿǰΪ޷ͻ⣬Ҷĵ֮
ֵһ˵ǣʥ˵ľӢսҶĿ޼˾ֻηɰ׵Ḷ̌ѾȫڣʼĿޡ
Ŀǰԣ˵Ϊߣηɰ׵Ḷ̌ƽΪڻ龳ң˵ʯÿֻ龧ķǳ١
Щ˵Ϊٵĺ֧ԽԽ
һ첻̫Զ
ĹȫĿޣԴ͵ҩʦȫָ㣬Щ˵Ϊһǧ
Ҫģֻʱѡ
ҶתĴ½̶ִʱڣηɰ׵Ľ̺ҶĿ޼˾У˽Ϊͻƣӻ龳һ·쭵龳ڡ
ҲֻҪһʱ䣬ҶĿ޼˾ܹó
ִ֮Ҷйµȥһ˴˾츮ϾһλתأԲصΪͷġ
ӻҪģñ˹ڦ
Ҷ͸ϵҶ沢ûֱȥ׼ࡣ
ȻҶֻ֪ӡսڣı󶯣Ϥĳֹ˽˵
֪ҶҪĳֹһϲһīɫĵΣȻҲֹһ־ޱȵĸо
һ£ҶȻֹлϴǳֶֹߣսսǾѪ׼սʵҶҪնɱʥ˵ء
Ȼģֹѯһսϸߴߴʸͣ۽ǲͣ˸Ըɵϲá
ֹûλսѯϸΪľһ졣
Ҷദһʱ䡣
ҶҲʱش㳤ֹĺģһľǴĹ
ֱ˵ĲˣųҶϡ
Ҷ磬˵Ҫսֻӡ֪ҶҪʲôҶ֮󣬳ֹͻ˵

ҵΪĿǰͨ񾳾۷壬þ޷ͻƣҪֻӡ֮ѹܹ꣬ͻơҶҲųֹ
Ҷô˵ֹȴһɣ;Ǻѽ赽ֻӡȴɲ
ޣô˵ֵҶˡ
Ҷ֮ǰѾܶ෽ֻӡŲϧǷһ飬˾Ԥæļƻ
ȴû뵽ڳֹȴɡ
ֻӡ鱦йء
ֻӡͬһĺ鱦֮ѹսЩʬɽѪ߳ɷսꡣ
ԣֻӡû˵ˣʵս
ֻӡսڳǧɷսǿ󣬻Ͼʹ״̬
սģһ鱦ţǲǼ˷
ǡֻӡдĥꡢǿȡĥáǶЩͼԪߣ÷ǳ󣬳Žһ
սɴʹ߶ֻӡԴֻӡһ
ȻֻۣҪˣͿԽֻӡһƷʯǷͻƵļ˾ҲΪս档ֹ˵
˵ҶĿɿڴ
ԭҶ˺ö취飬Ȼ˼򵥡
ֻҪʯܹ쵽һƷʯڵҶԣ
ңҶҲҪãǰǰֻҪ£ܹͻƵܹȶ
ҪĻǻǼˣֻǣǲֻ֪ӡ˶಻ࣿҶ浣ĵ
Ҷ磬ͷİɣֻҪԪİ벽ߵǿߣŻõֻӡõ˲̫ࡣ
һƷʯģǵǿߣõʱ䳤̫ҲԲ
Ӧÿ⵽
˵ֲֹ꣬һ䣬ֻӡʹ߱ȥʱӡҪȻǰȥͿ԰¡
û£ȻãǾͺ˵ȥҶ˵
սڣǰĴսǿ󣬵ڼ˾Ǹߴ
Ҳܺҡ
ִս֮Ҷ֮󣬾˻رûãսµҴ̨ʹҴҸӴҶ档
һҶҪֻӡķͷǳĸˡ
սֻӡǿޱ
ֻӡķǰŻҪ죬˵͵õһʱˡ
ޣˣ֪ɣһƷʯʮ⣬ָֽᣡʹʱ뿪Χһ뿪ֻӡķͻᱻԶջءսҴ̨˵
ҶҲЦŵͷҲû뵽˴ѰֻӡͻΪȻ˳
֪һΣʮʱ䣬ûЧǲУ⣡Ҷ˵
£һʮƷʯˣΪƻֻӡķ
ҪǼһϸϢһʲôְʲôΪҪλˣȻеһӣ̨Цʵ˵
ҶҲû⣬˵Ҷ棬Ϊͨ񾳾۷塣˵Ļֹ
ȵȣ㡭˵ͨ񾳾۷Ϊֻӡȥʲô
ˣ˵ʲôְ񣿡սҴ̨ͻȻùޱȡ
ȻǴĥ꣬УһְҶü
ǡǸҶ棿
ôʯѾ׼ˣԸҰ𣿡Ҷߵ

սҴ̨ùԵһ£ֻӡ¹ش󣬳֮ǰȡʾܾ񣡡
˵꣬һ̨Ҷܣʧ˴


1743 Ī
սҴ̨첽뿪ȥʲôνʾҶͷһֲԤС
ôɰɣ
ҶͷѾһ㲻õĲ²⡣
˵սȻֻӡķó۵ڲĸֳ⣬ԷǴĥꡣ
ôС˹ذɣ
ǣϵ飬ʱǺõĲ黵顣
ӣż뿪սҴ̨Ϳ첽أɫɹЦ⡣
ϵЦУԵһ˿ȻмΡ
𣿡Ҷʵ
̨ϸΪ֮ɫҶܲɰֻ֪Ƕϵµġ
ڵ¼ռǣֱͨϵҼҵֻӡġ
ܲɣҼҵѾֻӡ˳ȥ
ȥˣҶϸֹ֮ɫʴֻӡȥ˶á
ʱ˵׼ǰ꣬Ӧٰ꣬λʱ⡣̨Щ͡
ҰҿԵȡˣսǿԤԼ
ھ͸𣬵ڵλ˾֮ٹáҶ˵ĺܳϿҡ
˵䣬Ҷȡһöָ˴̨ǰʮƷʯ
̨ʱΪæҶ͹Ĵָ˻Ҷõλʱ䲻˵ܰ꣬Ҳпһһ롣
û£ҵȾǣҶָֽ˻ȥ
޷ŪҶ棬̨һҶʵ˵ɣһγ֮սֻӡķͣ⣬Բ֮ġ
ڣ
ȫǽڣ
ʱҶٿǰһȫĽڣ۾Ϲˡ
Ҷ滺̧ͷĿĶŴ̨ЦǲֻҪҶǰãǵֻӡͻᲹģǵֻӡͻ⣿
Ҷһڵ̨࣬ҲûģͷĻֵô룬ֻӡսĶ
ôô⣬ʱģͺʱģ
˵̨꣬ϵɫĶԸάˣ˵һԱ㣬תߡ
ţҶ涸߳һ
ôţ
̨ӦͣȴǴ˼ȻҪȰҶһս
ǵ˼Ҷ淴ʵ
йϵ𣿡̨ʵ
ȥǵҶ˵
̨Ǹһ˿Цһεģתȥ
̨뿪ɲǣӰͻȻͷ֣Ҷ澹ȻٵĴӹֱս
վס
һΣֵ̨żˣ죬סҴס
սļӦϹʱȴӰһЩƵĿҴ̨
ֱ̨ţٵǰߣߣ죬ĪҪŵ˵
Ҷ棬ϵȴ̨ϵʱ򣬾ߴҶſĿɿڴ
죬콫Ҵսļһϳȥָ̨һڼܻ˵
뵽ģֻҶһﾹȻ˵ȴѹû뵽Ҷϱֳľ˵ٶȡ
ȥҶʹѵһȻˣ͸Ҷʹһģ
սձοٷľϡ
ϵҶĳһ£ҶĳֻӡķΪִⲻϣҶĳɷΪϵִҪҶĳΪඣҶ氺ͦĿжؾ䣬һͱ֮ơ
սһ漴һ˿ΪУ𣿡
˵䣬ƥĵǿеѹˮкһҶй
ʵʵѹǵһ㣬һִĸо
ȷֿǣڵſڵڵļ˴ڵĴڵأ̧ͷֺ
ҲһɲǣһԨsŵƣشҶ𣬷·һ㣬ڱǵصƳºᵶ˿Ϊ֮
һ䣬жظһ˿˼֮ɫ
ƥ־ǿҶĳϵɼи㣬ҶĳպҶٴιֵ
ΪҶ淽ŵ˿ʵֻ뵽ʲôŲмһ˵սЦҶʹ˵ﻰսҶʹֻӡ
սһжڰذ£ֻֻӡȷʵѾȥҲڼҶʹ¡
ʱϵֻӡҪãҶʵ
˵ˣͿĳ̶ˣ꣬ʮ꣬꣬ҲпܵġƵ˵
ҶţѪ
˸ȥ
Ҳɣпꡣ
˾ڵҶ棬ֱ˵ֻҪҶǰãֻӡͻᲹС
˵ǲҶ棬أ
ңǻǰذ£ҶǸ浽׼Ҳûá
Ȼ˭ֻӡĹأսԸġ
Ҷ鶸ת䣬ܺãױϵ˼ˡϣϵҪڽյľ˵꣬Ҷתߡ
ڣ
Ҷ뿪ıӰսһЦ
ҲڴʱһѶУͨɴȨҹȥô֪ˣϢ湻ͨģ


1744 ֻһ
СֻӡʲôڶȨͨɶȨڣͨЩɻ
Ҳǲ֪СӵϢЩŹ֣ҵĵϢ£Ȼ˿Ϊ򲻿Сӡս˵
ҪСŹ֣һͼųܳôĿϷܶôӣ
ͨɴȨһһΣĲ
СϷôӣʲô¶ûУңԼġ
һΣϷҪôǰ࣬Ҳûã
ԣ˵ͷȻսԼڲҲǰ£ûп˭£˭Ҳ
Ȼо仰û˵ֻӡĳأȫս˵㡣
ҶһĻתֹһۣĿһҲû˵ͽһŮһ裬ȻԷҶǰ
ô˳
ֹǲ˳ģֹưֱǽлֻܷҪңͲܴս⵽ֻӡķ
ô
ֹиַּȻӦǵڶȨͨɲˣսǵڶȨͨɵֵµˡ
ȿڲ裬취ֻҪֻӡڣվа취ġֹ
Ҷ豭ָ볤ֹĴָһҶһҶʱŷ֣ʱǰĳֹᡣ
ѹޱȵĹ£ȨصһӣһСŮˡ
Ҷóֹһ죬Щæҵĸһ˿ôˣҶ磬ͷ𣿡
û
˵Ҷͷȴǻһڼܹ㳯ľ档
ԳֹԲзǷ֮롣
˵ʵҶ飬ܸӡ
һ棬Ҷ뾡ҵ£ѾʮˣǣµһĻĻһ㡣
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Ҷڣȴûж顣
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˵ҴͨѲ˾սʩѹЧΣҶؿڵ
·ϣҶԸսķ뷨Ūֻӡķ
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ҪҶƾݣ͵
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볤ֹ׼æһ·ûпԡ
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˼ȥҶģ붯˾ԤͨвЩս߲˼ǾͷһС
ԣֹȴǻҡҡͷӴսŶԣ͵ڵڶȨͨһϵ
Ǵ˾ԤҲûǸǣвֻܵ룬ֶܵΡ
ֶΣǺãҶ˼սʲôҪ֮
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ĲУǾӲģΣúַҶҪֻӡķһʱ䡣һɲǣҶޱȵļ
ȻսҪ֮·ôҪ뷽跨սʯͷῪ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷüͷһ֣ҼǵڣһսдĹأ𣿡
սа
Ҵһޱȵ䡣ڵļ˾սд裬ʵս
֮䣬ҲԷսǼ˾֮սд裬Ǹ֮սд裬ǿȣҪ˫ԸСֹ˵
Ҷ۾ͻһУ۽Ǳһ⣬֣˵ҪǸսսսսս𣿡
⵹ǣսӦսǾͶ˶Ѽˣûˡ˵ֹЦĿǰʵûսսʸ
˵¼ĿսҲʮϣû򡣡
ֻǴȷ˵ҵսſսսʲôӦ
ֹһæ򲻿ɣս¼ǧˣοսſڣǿԽս֮ģһ˾ԲУ
вУ˵ඣ
ȻҪأôҲͰظ棬˭˭ҶһȻ
֮Ҷٴγսڴսа˾Ǵ࣬ͣ
ңսʵǰĴҵλüãм丹أǸ֮
Ÿָεļ˾ﲻ
󲽵սڴҶԷó˸ߴ׵ľ͵ˣȻУ˾ͲսſĿյϡ
һͺսǰſ紵졣
ĿģȴǾͺپѪɫ֡
Ҷ棬ָսλ˾ֻһܣȫ
Ҷ⸱һ·ı˾פһۣˡ
ģûġ
ֱսϳһҪսΪ
ңҶǰ棬дһģһ֣һҳע⡣
ʱս˾Ķ࣬Ҷĺһſս˾Ȼŭ
սſŹĺⲻ߳
۸սſˡ
ǿ̣첻̣
£һս˾ŭĳһ¼һȳ嵽Ҷǰ
һ־ͺȵս¼Ƥ֪һܣ
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Ҷһ֣Ӧս
ɾս¼Ƥֵ֪ʱһ¼ĵĳ˳¼Ƥ֪䣬Ȼָָ½ǵһ֡
Ҷ棬Уʮаˣͨ񾳾۷Ϊսսֻһܣսж޹أ
޷ϵһλΧ۵˵һ
ǾģҶдµ״ϱ߼صҶΪ䡣
ͨ񾳾۷ΪܳǶʮͨ񾳾۷壬Ǿͷǳˡ
ʲôٶȰ
ڴСż˾Ҳ̶Ȱˣ硣
սļ˾Ƥ֪ȴˣɫһӱѿޱȡ
ص㣬ȴҶԱΪͨ񾳾۷塣
ҶʱϢҲͨ񾳾۷Ϊ
ؼһص¼ȥӦһͨ񾳾۷˾սʵЩݰ
䣬Ƥ֪ⲻ̫ܡ
ǣӮˣҲûӰ
ǳʤҶ棬սˡ
ȥ˭˵һô¼۸һͨ񾳾۷ռ˾
ʵϣڴ֮ǰ˭ҲûҶ浱ͨ񾳾صռ˾ҶԸǾͲһˡ
¼Ƥ֪ʱ֣ҲʵǸ
ɫһڣƤ֪˺һָߵһصǼȥȻһǹ˹ҵϣ
Ȼ¼Ƥ֪֪ҶĵϸҶͷǲҵġ
ѡһصǼ֣ȻΪе󣬵ҪõĶࡣ
ǣ
ǼһӦѧŷŵ¼Ƥ֪ģǰҶ湰ֵսǼԶһܡ

Ǽû˵꣬ҶһȣǼ˫Ŀ͵رһ⣬겨һš
һɲǣǼԶ·𿴵ʲôޱȾֵһ㣬һͲĺһƨɾ͵ڵأҶĿ⣬һľ֣
ʱȻ


1745 ҳ
һ֣ǼԶܵ۸Сϱһ㣬֣
¼Ƥ֪һǺ죬ֻһġ
սӣҶһ֮жɾˡ
ǶٱܣҲ˵ùȥһ֣սǼ˸ƨɶգǸоҶһûʲô
˷Χۼ˾޲ĪԾޱȵĿһҶ档
ΪһɲǣҶͨ񾳾۷ߣǵУȻһָɽֹ֮С
ȻҲһϢͨļ˾֪ҶͷģǸҸڵĴڷŶԣܹ˽ڵİͶȨΧĺˡ
ôһ𺧵һǼƨҲͲˡ
սľ⣬ս͸ɴƨյˣҶһָսҶ˵
ս
Ҷһ¼Ƥ֪һŭһ̤淢Ȼ죬ſ¼Ƥ֪ͻس޴·÷һ迪һ㣬Ҷ浱ͷ¡
Ӱɢ˷;һޱȵľ磬ƵܱЩսļ˾˲˵
һò߶ͻ׵ޱȵľ硣
һɲǣսͻһƬ
ȴҶӰɲǼͱǴӰķѡ
սĵ¼Ƥ֪ͷȴ͵һ
Ʒ濴ǻҶ棬ȴ鲻ʵǻ޻һ㣬ףеģпֻҶĲӰǻ
Ǻߣǻá
ǰߣǾֲ̫ˣ
ս¼ô𣿡
ҶЦͻأĴƤ֪ͷƤըΪڴʱڸоҶķλ
ǻӦһ޷ĴϮƼһ㲻ǰȥ
ȴҶͻأĳһߣֱӽƤ֪һʺ
˷Χ۵ļ˾ǣһĻ׷׹Ц
սһռ˾Ǽ¼ǣʱһǵͨ죬޲˺Ҷ档
ʵҶ⶯̫ˡ
ң˶ԿóҶĲƤ֪ս˷ǰļ˾ԽԽ࣬ЦҲԽԽ
ҲһɲǣеЦȻֹ
ΪƤ֪һʺ͵شɲǣһɢޱɷɱһֱŵɫ͵ĺ״
ȴҶһӰεĸһס
òҪսд裬ҲΪҲɱ㣬Ǿʹˡ
ҶӱøƴƤ֪ذͷ˲صһһλƶ亹
˷Χ۵ļ˾ǣʱҲ˵ˡ
ΪǿеĸӦҶɢǺ˵ɱ
Ƥ֪ԼȴΪҶɱѾȫҿ϶Ҷ˿ҶĽͻš
Ƥ֪ޱƵǣΪֹûиôġ
ôĪľͱһţȻҶסˡ
Ҳڴʱһս¼ոմ߻תսһƤ֪Ҷסʱŭ
սǰ£𣿡ս¼˵ֱȡҶ档
ҶҲûֻתͷĿһս¼
һССĽص¼Ҳ
һ纣է缴ţɫͱֱĺ¼š
Ȼ¼Ѿ괦ر֮£ǣҶڵ⣬Ԫġ
ǺɫԪ
ϣѹѹ
ΪҶԪ֮֮ǰࡣ
һʱռеޣºҶ澡ĲԪ飬ǰĻۣÿƷ鵤ҶԪ飬ҲõĳĽ
ҶԪ飬ѾɸտʼСС˽ɡ
һΪ¼꣬ѹǳ˶ԸСһ㡣
ػ֣Ҳ˲⵽ش
ص¼طһƺ۶ڱѪ֮࣬ص׹ڵأҲ᲻һ˿һ
龰ս¼ǣ˷Χ۵ļ˾ǣ޲Ȼ
ֱʱǲףҶԸǼԶѾˡ
Ǵ顣
˵ģǷ깥ǼԶѾɢˡ
ˣսһڼ˾ǣɫıˡ
ǲŷΪԳΪͨ񾳾۷塢ֻһܵҶ棬ƺڿЦ
λ֤Ҷĳս¼Ƥ֪д裬Ȼܣ޳ܵĴӱ͵Ϯңʩ֣Ҷĳ֮
ҶģѾķԸŵһĻӰ¼
ҶǰĹսս¼ģ֣ս˲عءȺļ˵
űҶһش¼ʱζ챻ըˡ
Ҷش꣬ƣָҪָ춼ϡ
ڵã˿˴ˣõϱ޳ܵͷֱ
Ƥ֪Ƥ¼֮ܣҶͻʵ

Ƥ֪Ҷչֳʵǳ𾪣ɹŲ˵ܣ
ǺãҾٸһλᣬд裬ΪֹҶ˵
ԣƤ֪һ⣬Ҷĳȥ֮
һµƤ֪ٴν
һΣ֮ǰǰ嶯ֻһзŵҶ棬ޱȵĽСģּͿԿơ
ǡû
Ƥֻ֪ǰһƨϾһ޿ɵĴϮٴǰˤһࡣ
ɱٴһĴ̽ĺףһҲҶ
˷սļ˾ǣսļ˾ǣĿɿڴ
һûпҶĶƤ֪Ѿˡ
һΣ
û취书Ψ첻ƣ
ҶǲȱĴ羫ڣҶĶ̾ڳƶٶȣ൱̫޴İٷ֮һ
̫޴ٷ֮һٶȣҲܱȵģǵǿҲȲϡ
û취ٶһ棬̫ʱڵ컯ˣҲ׷ϴġ
һŽƤ֪߸࣬ΪҶĺ塣
Ҷ̫ͣźǿȽӽ
ǿȣƤǿķϱߡ
Ҳ棬Ǣ̶ȣԸĵ
ǿĻָǿǶ෽ģۺԵġ
֮ǰҶ汾ʵͿԽǿ߷ŶԣŴ羫飬Ǹ绢

Ӧ羫ٶȣҶʵʵı仯
ҲҶμƻǰսĵڣ
һΣǷҶٴγƤ֪ȵȻǲǿһΣ
¼Ƥ֪Ǹư
飬ǸˣͲϷ˵ֲ롣
˵֮ǾҶսһѵҪƨٱҶһΡ
涼춪ˡ
Ƥ֪˵ҶҲǿȣϾһĿģڹ֮ս鷳ģ˵ġ
㲻Ҿ͵ˣ֮д裬˰
˵꣬ҶսĿһָսǰһ¼λս¼ɸҽҶս
ǸңͷǲңҲΪ㣬һҪ˵ֻ֣ҪƤ֪Ƥ¼һ㣬ĬԹԵĹսͿˣҶָ¼˵
һԵƤ֪˵ƤӶǺˣǸ
Ҷ¼֪ǴװͿҶôģȻҶָ֮£ΣװģҶָλ
С
ʵǱҶչֳʵŵˡ
֮λ¼λ¼Ҷ½Ǳ߶ûմȥҲǰ״
粻˵ĺá
ϧǣҶעµģͷڹûκõģ
ˣսľ㣬λųҿ¼ˣսľ㣬˲ӦҵսֱӹսͿԣҶĺȵ
¼һ죬Щεվ˳
£Ŀ֮±һͨ񾳾۷ս˼ҶµԼսǰ벻ӦսС
ǸˣսҲǸˣ
ǣҶ棬ûκεġ
Ϣ֮λ¼Ҷһа׺û̼
ȻƲûбôء
ǣ¼ΪٶˣȻͷһᣬ˹ȥ
ǺǣһλҶһЦٴָһλ¼λ¼Ҷսͽ̣
ɺıҶһشҶ棬⼸λ¼ս
һʱ䣬̶̰ڣսſڱҶش¼ͳʮλֵ˸˾ȴԽԽˡ
ʱսļ˾ǷӦˣǰɲΪս
׼˳֣¼Ӱʮλ¼Ȼµġ
ûֳ֣սҪˣԺսļ˾ǣҪ̧ͷˡ
£˼˾ɿıսˣҳˣ
Ҵ²ˣսĳˣ


1746 Ĵ̨
죡
ʲôأ˲ˣսĳӣ˵Ҿҵģŵģɺͳ
ǰŵǼڴҴɾͺܲӹ·ͷһͨѵ⣡
ѵǼЩżΪߵΣʵսӰǣҴġ
ʲôǵģѵ컹ɣߣͷǰ·׷ʲô£
ǣҴսſڡǼһ䡣
仰̨ûȥǿĵĽǼԺ£˻ţҪ̩ɽǰɫǣԺһΪ
սߣոձǼĺĵֽĿͶԼǰĹġ
˸սҳӣǲǿЦ
ңҲҵ˵
ϾսʵĿǰۺʵһһҲǸʵ
ԣ£һҲûȥ
벢ԶʮϢĹҴ̨ͳսĴſڣֵɲǣͱǰƸˡ
ʲôʱսǰѾΧɽ˺
ǰ龰ϵµģ˵Ҳ˾Χۿ֡
Ŀһ̨ɫͱ÷ǳѿս࣬ʮսεļ˾ɻҽУһĿȥǱޱȡ
Ȼһλڵļ˾ϵѪˮѾһء
⡭ô£
䣬̨ͿҶ棬˳ƿҶǸ޴ĺϵĴ֡
һ֮£Ӷˡ
ôͳˣ
ҶĳΪϰٰʮǲųءҿս˰ʮҪǴҶûӦսأ
Ҷһɵ٩ģһ˵һŴ̨սȻˣҶĳһ
˵꣬ҶɫҶ棬սҴȻҴˣֱ䣬ҲǿԵģ
һ̨ıӶˡ
һ۷ҴôܻҶһͨ񾳾صļһ
ǣҶȻǸ̨ѹûпɱԡ
ͺñȣһ򸻺ĹܼҸһ򸻺ĹܼҵȨ͵λûκοɱԵġ
ң̨һ뷨Ҷһͨ񾳾صߣѹֵ֡
ɸǼǡɸ¼ȥ̧Ҷˡ
ңҶУϣа˶ˣʵ˸࣬ţԼˣʤ
̨ҶĿһ˿֮ɫҲñ֣
ҵȥָָλҶ̨һ¼˵
̨ҧˡָ㡯֣˼ײǺҵúõĽѵҶ档
ϣкҵ¼ȴһĿɫûӦսһģ
״̨ɵðŭ
֮߳ʣոսӹ·Ǽ˳ӣһֵָָǺ˵ڵϵʮս˾
ˣҵ¼ǲУűŵʮλ˾ȫ¼Ƥ֪¼ڰǼС괫
һ̨ˡ
ųļֱǰɽ˺ˣȻֱҶǸˣѹûעսſںŵЩ˾ݡ
Щ˾Ǳޱȣе潹ڣеѪۣûע⡣
ʱǼһѣ̨ϸϸĿʮ¼
һ͵һ
һʮλ¼
Ϊ͵ĽأߵĽسڣλƤ֪սҲСܹΪߵ¼
ʱȴǻͷģͷײ˵ͷ˺ôһ顣
ʶĿҶһۣͷ𲻿˼ͬʱսҴ̨ͷǼʵɵģ
Ǽʱ͵ͷûңǰǰӶûϣ
ʲô
̨ǼĻһӲʱ䣬ʮս¼
꣬˵ͨ񾳾صߣǰ벽Ҳɣ
ģֻЩǿˡ
̨֮࣬ЩɻҶ棬ôôǿ
ǰǼ˰ɣ
ʵĿ⿴ȥɲǣڳռ˾Ǽ¼ͷλ¼ĺҵһκΡ
ҴҡҲǡ䰡¸ǡսˣ
һ̨һݣӦˣ
ҿڰĹ㷢սҪˣҲΪ㣬ϸ䣬һȥսˣҶ
ԣ̨ŭģȴһ³
˲


1747 ڹս
ҶƱ£սҴ̨˲ˣǴʱ˾ţ˲Ϣͷ߳һ㺹顣
ǰʮλ¼ҶһڲӵʱڸɷģԸˡ
Ǿ̫ˡ
ǰʮλս¼еÿһˣ̨սʤ
ǣҲսʤѡ
ҪҶ̶ֳȣѹܣ
жϣǫ̂ӦսоųɵĿҪ䣡
˵ʵ̨̤սΪ㣬ЩսУӮһġ
ԣ̨䡣
һ;ǿиǿ֣˵ǣ컯ˣôһ졣
ԣ䲢¡
¶ˣ
¶սӡ
Ҷ֮ǰѾսʮλ¼ʱҴѾսˡ
ҴҲˣôս棬Ҫˡ

ǣʱĿ֮£еѡ
ʱ˶ˣηսˣ
ǫ̂޵ǣǰҶ棬ʵΪֻͨ񾳾۷尡
Ӯ˲ʲôˣǿɾ͡
΢һ̨ʹһʱ䡣
Ҷ棬սҪʲô
ֻӡʱû㣬սǰ£Ųűھ͸浽׼Բ˶ߣ̨ȵ
˵Ǵ̨ȴɿĸǰҶ潻ֵ¼ǣ괫
ҶôģʲôĹͨ
û
ʲôûʲô˼
죡ٶȣǳĿ죡ҸоһΣͲȻͳҵˣ

Ҫ״㾡ȥ㲻Ӷ˵ĻҶڳһƣҴȻĹض
ھʮһ˾սд裬ʵսǣǿȣдȫƾԸ
˵ţҶΧ۵ڶ˾˹֣λֻ֤սսλѣûǿȹǰ֮˵
ֱ̨ᣬҶµؿڷʹ
ǣϣΪûиֻӡķģ̨޺޵˵
ʵϣһʼҶµʱ򣬴̨뵽һ㡣
һ˵̨һַٵѯս¼
νǶʤν֪Ѷ̱˰սȻҪսǾҪԷʤ㡣
ǫ̂ǣʣҶȴǼΪֱӳˡ
ûҾΪսսģҾ벻ˣôֵֻӡʱ򣬾ȻҪ꣬п⵽
ҵ갡ⲻ𣿡Ҷһ
ˣϲȻңҲҪǣ˵ҶһЦȻһعصġ
ֻǰĹսǶѣȻڹ֮ڣͷ
㡭
̨ᣬû뵽Ҷ˵ֱףƫƫû취
ΪҶǰġ
˷սļ˾ǣҶôһ˵˾˷ˣǴԴŰ
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ϣ˾ôôһˡ
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ƾĶۣ꣬ѾǵˣڶҶˡȻ˵սģⲻȫս顣
Χ۵ļ˾ǲ룬ǰʯ⵽ȴǰ˶ˡ
˭Ҳһ֡
ųɾŵˣûҶôֱӶսĴš
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ҪǲҶĳһս͸Ͻнβ͹һСȥսˣ
ҪǸսүһ㣬ϽһŮһģҶָŴ̨
Ҷ˵оĴ̨һ죬Ϸβûը
̵ģҶ죬̫ˣ
ҪǲսǾǼβ͵ĵСҪսˣҲŮһ
ôð
ƵǣҶ̶ˣҪٲӦս̨ԺͲûˣսҲΪߣ
һʱ䣬̨Щڡ
ڸղװʲôβ͹Ǽȥŵʱʲôõòͺˣ
ҪȻֹǰ
ΪѾʮλҶܵ¼ȫѯһ顣
˵Ĵ𰸣˵һ¡
죡
Ҷٶ̫ˣ
쵽ǿ壡
ֶҲֱвǵС
һû׾ȫˣ
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Ҷһ仰ٴǫ̂һͻͻģѪֱը
ڸӦսˣһŮһˣҶ
ߣĪѿֵ֮¼£
ã룡
룡
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Ǵ̨Ǹֳڵɲǣ̨Ͷˣ˫ƴһ㼲ٻ裬˲Ϣɫһʼ
ɲǼĹǰͽ֯صĺޱȵĻ
Ǵ̨ĶԲߡ
ٶȿǰɡ
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֮ǰս֮£ӦҶٶȺܿߵĶԲ֮һˡ
ǣҶ治ִ⿿ٶȵߡ
羫ĳǿٶȣֻǽҶʵɱɱķŴ󣬵Ҷ汾Ĺһ㶼
ңһֱҶʵֹƤȷ˵ߡ
ӲӲԷڹһ֣飬ҶĲ°
һɽӭǣ˲ϢͱǵǧңҶ΢ɽͻһޱµĹ켣ޱȵն˴ɡ
ɽÿһֵƶУߵĽơڿţÿһɲǵƶУɽڷɿĴ˷Žơ
һߵһɲǣһֲĪͷĽ⣬شҶɽ֮бŷ
жɽļ˾ǣ۾һɲǶһִʹĸо
ҶȴһܵģһΣޱȵʵսУޱߵĽĴ߶ơ
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ҫһ㣬һķע޲ýĽһȫչֳ
֪Ҷȫӵһжǿ
ҲǿֲĽŷɲǣ̨ϵѪɫ˲ȥ
̨Ȼ֣һûκʤĻᵱսܲ˵Լһ߼վ
˵ĸоУҶһǳ
̨ĿԱܿ
ǣֻھеĴ̨һĽƺͽ⣬Ѿе·
Ӳӣûκѡ
Ȼ䣬̨֣ȫصڹӦҶ棬ǽ޴ľ
ҲһɲǣߵɽͻȻһѪı仯شӼɼ٣·һŴ̨¡
֮䣬ֱ̨϶ظһԱ۶ܣż䣬ķҶɽ
ҲһɲǣսڵĵڣڴĵĵͻȻ̧ͷɫ֮࣬˾ƾʧ
飡
ǳ׹һһԺޱȵı۶ϣһĺȻ졣
̨һƷı۶ܣͺȻķѣһͬѿģд̨ı۹ǡ
̨ˣǱһĵɶ𣬿Ѫ硣
̨Լиǲ˺Ȼ֮ɫһԱ۶ܣѾҶһնɱ˰ɣ
ǣһһʼ
һҶһϣһöϣ
ʱ̨ð


1748 һɱǹ
ҶһöϣδǾ˵Ľǫ̂㵵ವģð
ҶڵĽŰѹ޷Чķ
εǣ̨ЧķͶܣҲûǸᡣ
Ҷٶ̫ˡ
̨ҲҶӰ
ֻüһͷֻҶĽƣ̨֪һͿҶˡ
Ҷֺһ㣬ɣһ㣬Ҳˡ
һܵشպҪ£¶Ӱ
˵ô࣬ʵֻս̨һɲǵ뷨ѡ
ҶĽȴ˿ûͣۿžҪһնɱ˴̨˷Χ۵ļ˾ǣ
Ȼ˵սд֮У˺ܳȻҲûС
ƲסƴƴģǰҶ㣬ɱһնɱͷǳĺˡ
Ҳһɲǣ̨оҵĲһ£һ͵ը
ס֣
һӡ˲Ϣڴ̨ɲɣҶĽǰ
ڳм˾ǣӡɲǣҶĽƣ׵ɢȥֻЩš
һĻùսļ˾ǾޱȣոոӦ쳣ͼ־Ԯ̨սҲһ˿Ȼ
Ϊһǿߣ̫ڲһеĹУƾýɢȥѶˡ
ϣҲ޷ѾεĽ˲Ϣɢ
һȭݺݵĻӻĿ꣬Ȼһɲǣûһȭͷջ
ǲܡ
Ҷȴˣֻ˵ǰΪشնɱ̨Ҷ棬׼ɢȥƵ׼
ֻ⽣ʱѾɢȥƵ׼ܹʱؽɢȥ
֮Ҷ沢û˻նɱ̨뷨
ͬģһδĴ̨ʱҲЩɻĿҶ棬ҲЩţ汻Ҷŵˡ
ϵǽŹ˰ɣҶսսλд似ģû뵽ŵ˱ϵǸҶ̴̵һ֣ս˵еѿ
ǣΣ˭ұ֤Ҷ治֣Ͼ֮ǰոҶ
ֻ˵Ҷһޱȵᡣ
ʵϣҶղڹؼʱɢȥƣսĳ֣ûκιϵ
Ҷǰ׼õġ
ԭܼ򵥡
ҶĿ꣬ͨһЩֶΣսò뷨⵽ҶҪֻӡ
ǵشնɱսҴ̨Ǿǽˡ
ʱ򣬳Ҷ潫սƵĹؿڣд˴ڣսǾԲҶЭġ
ҲΪԭ֮ǰҶܵʮλ¼͵ϮǸ˶ˡ
ҪȻƾҶٶȺɽնʮˣҲʲô¡
ҶסսĴţսһ¼Ҫʲôսʵ
ʲôǰսд似Ĺغʹͳ
˵Ҷ͵ؽ˰˶ȣʮʤˣսʵ˲һͨ񾳾صռ˾ʮʤսˡ
סڣ
ϹҲסıһŭ
ͬǾϵϽɸֹҶĳһܣ
һ˵ҶವֲһˣȻˢˢǰдһ֡
գս¼ӦҶ֮սʮܣ
һһд֣սıӶûᣡ
սû
ǽսžž찡
ս¼Ȼͨ񾳾صҶʮ˸ȻǰҶ棬ɲһˡ
ǿĴʹǣ鴫ȥ˭
˶֪սĽ¼һͨ񾳾صռ˾ʮˣ
оˣ
˿ǰҶܵ¼ǣٿ˫ѪģĴ̨üͷ˲Ϣ
鷳еҪѰĶࡣ
̨ܹսҴΪ̨սжǿΪ̨ţ㹻ҳϣŴ
ǣ̨սս¼֮УȻǿģҲŵϺŵġ
ϾصΪǿɲǸǵģΪҴܵԴҲһ㡣
ϣ̨սս¼ڣܹŵǰʮ֮ڡ
ȻˣôɹսǲѡķΧͷǳޡ
ȣ̨ʵӽ߲ѡǲеġ
ϾҶ淽ſѹԵƣսԶԶ̨¼С
ϣսԶԶ̨¼ǿɾǿս벽ǿԶԿǿߵߡ
ߣǳ٣˵ǣս˲żüãߣҲôλ
λֱս¼֮սһڶ˾䡣
սսһڳͻƣЩһֱѰͻƵ
սڶ˾䣬⼸ȴһֱսڿޡ
ңڱʢڵǿйĻۣȴ˾䡣
˾Ϊܹ۵Ǹ̶ȣԲ˾Ķ֡
˾Ϊ˵Ľ飬һֱսڲޡ
Ϊֻܶ˾ˣ˾ϵսһͷһѶ
ϵ㵽ɲ˰Ҫٲˣҿɾսˣĸսĸ
˵ҶĿһɨ˱⶯۽սЩ¼ϡ
ҶĿһɨЩ¼æĵͷ±ҶԼ
ϾҴ̨ˣܵô׸ɴ࣬ǣͱˡ
ս״ǸӶˣ˶ģ
ģ÷Ȼ˴ͶһܣЦ˵
սޡ
סڣ
ͻȻ䣬һһߵشսը֣ɲǣһѪɫǹâʹսŴըǹԽȺǵصҶϮ
Ѫɫǹâըɲǣһޱȵɱǳˮ˻һ㣬˹
Ҷһ䣬ɽһ𣬻ϸϸܵĽӭȥ
ǹȴ޾һ㣬ǵصҶ棬ǹâݺᣬ̵졣
Ҷƾſǹâ
ҲһɲǣҶǰµĺˣǹâɨ˷飡
Ҳսս
УһֳѪӧǹսüĿǺȻҶǰս˵˾䡣
Ѫӧǹһ٣ǹѪӧǹңָҶ棬Ƕս
ʱһǧĲҸо
ҶĿ΢΢һһ¶һĪЦ⣬˾䣬е˼
ǹһָȻһâڱĸо
ȻֻһǹңָҶĸоУ类ǧǹͬʱָһ㡣
ͬһɲǣ˷Χ۵ļ˾ǣҲʧ
˾䣬˾䣡
սȻ˵һɱǹ˾䣬кϷˣ


1749 ̳
һɱǹƺţʵ˾Ըƴģ˾̳йġ
̳УҲǼ̳үү߸ֻʦǼ̳սһλսꡣ
սģ̫սвͳ˧Ԫ˧󽫵սꡣ
սսĹս鲻ͬ
Ĺս飬˻֮Ԫ鲻𣬿ԼǿԪرԳ˯ԼϢӱܵ˵׷ɱ
ͬʱԳ˯ָǳޱȵƣ˵ˣʵǲлꡣ
սȴһеͳ˧ͽгΪսʸ
ҪΪս꣬ǿ֮⣬ھ֮УǿӰ
ֵָֻǣǧǰ˺̵Ľ죬пܳΪսꡣ
ս꣬һִһ־
ڽ׷ʿս֮˾ط۽ʿʱִս⣬Խ־ΪʿǵսִΪѪɵսꡣ
ԣ󻯳սĽǰΪҲߣ׷ʿսӳ£սúס
սս꣬ġ
һսܹ꣬ͨĵǿɱƨ
ǣսһһΣ޷ģսһ㲻ᵥսսĻʹս֮ʡ
Ϊ˽ս󻯣սļ˾ͻǰʦһרѡһλս꣬ǹͨϰǵͨԼӳַս꣬սش
ͨ£һλս꣬սͨǿʮλ˾ͨǧλ˾ͨ
ǣսԼص㣬ս깵ͨϡ
λս϶ޣ㻨ٶʱ䣬Ҳ޷λսġ
϶ԽߣõսԽࡣ
ôһЩ˾ǹս϶ȣߴ˳ϵģͻõսϿɣλս
ļ˾սڱ֮Ϊ̳ߡ
̳ߵΣĴʹ࣬Ĺս޵ģ֮ǰѡ
սһȻʸΪսܵ󹩷Ľ첢̫ʱڵڣĿǷǳĿֲġ
սսĿơ
㲻еս궼ּܹ̳ߣôսļ̳ҲǷǳɹ۵ġ
ңսļ̳ߣǴʹһΨһԵġ
սļ̳ߣֻҪ϶ȸߴ˳ϣһŬ츳ܹΪ̳ߡ
ҲһҲʮ˸
ǣۼ̳ߣֻǿһ̳ߣΨһһ̳ߣܼ̳λսĳƺš
˾һɱǹĳƺţǼ̳λսսꡣ
ʱҶ˾һˣȻһǧĲ֮С
ȻҶսͲģǱֲҵƸ𺳵ˡ
ǹƣҶУûκ
˵ǹһǼҪСģҶ鸮֮𣬡ˣҪҪ
ҪĽҪԼɽ㣬ʵӦٳ˵ˣҵٶȣҶһš
ٶȡû˵
ûңսսֻһܣҶһеɽ΢΢һ˾Ѫӧǹ˼Ϣĸоһᡣ
ԲѣҪ֪˾ϰģɱǹһɱǹһѪ飬ҪСˣ
㽫ǵʮŸҶһİȻ
Σ
߳һ˾һ̤еѪӧǹػѪ˳Ҷ档
ҶȴһЦڴ羫飬ôٿһ漣ĳ˾
ӣ
ʱһȫ߶ĸӦһսڶ˾ǣսļ˾ӦҶٴչֳǾ˵ٶȣ鶸رѿޱȡ
û취Ҷٶ̫ˣǵ۾˵ǿˣ켣ֻɢǿܹӦҶϢƶ켣ҲܹӦѡ
ʩչ羫ķӳ˾Ҷ棬һ˾䡣
ϾҶĿʩѹΪֻӡ֣Ϊ˽ģзִ硣
֮ǰһ㣬һ߷˾䣬סʤˡ
书Ψ첻ƣҶš
ǣҲҶһ߳ɲǣ˾ʧȥĿѪӧǹٿһǹȻͬسĶһ㣬һҶ档
һֱӽҶ˸š
ֲǹâҶŵױҶ˫ƵƷѥӣ˲Ϣķѡ
ǹâҶ渲ȫ׸ˣǣǸоҶ治ܡ
ȣ׻һ㣬ҶпУ˿̿վȡ
һĻս۾һ
ҲҶ
˾䣬ɲе˼
һǹҶ濴һսıܣһȻȻķӦ˱Ӷˣͻ᱾ܵȥıӶҧĵط
˾սܸӦвֻǸݸоһǹ
ҶȻ𾪣˾ʱȴǸӵ𺳡
ѹûпҶӰһǹֻȻȻĸܳһǹȴһʧ˵ĲҾ硣
˵У֮ɫ
ɽϹâһ˸һ䣬ؽӰǽӱһ㣬ϲһӭ˾ǹơ
˾ǣҶĽƣʱȻ˾ǹƲ£ƾ˾䶷˸൱
Ƭ֮˵ɫԽĹŹˡ
ʼʱҶĽôһɬܸȥȱһʲô̫
ԽսҶĽӵԲת⡣
տʼ˾仹ܹ֮˾侹Ȼơ
üȫעսսһ䣬սپСƺ
һѣսʹ˾ɫرѿޱȡ
սУֿܹǹˣû
Ҷ棬оս˸ʹ졣
ǣһѣ˾ҲϬ֮ʱҶĽƱ仯

ºȻ֮ʣѪӧǹ͵һɱ
ɱ
˾һŭ𣬵УȴǧŭХһ㣬˵սľ
ͬһɲǣ˾ֵѪӧǹ綾һһɲǷ·ѹһ㡣
һǹɲǣ˲ϢԽҶ֮ǧ׵ľ룬ֵɲǣʹޱɱҶؿڡ
һɱǹ֮ɱǹ
һǹأ˾һ䡣
ĸоġ
߿ˣ
ǲӰ
湻ˣ湻ˣǾͽɣ
Ҷ˾֮һģǼХƿҵϢ
һٴһǹس飡
һ͵رѿ
״˾ɫһ䣬Ѫӧǹһر㺮â׵Ǳ⡣
ΪԸӦõ̺ĿֲϢ
ҶΪ֮꣬Ǹǵģ
ǣ׵ı⣬ҶִǰʧֲĳϢٴδഫ
һʱ䣬˾Щƣڱ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҷ˾µһӰβһ𣬾ͷ·˾ΧվҶһ㡣
һɲǣһĽײ˾Ļ
ò˵˾ǹʵͬСɣؼɲǣǹβһᣬԵһҶĽ⡣
һᣬ˿ƶ֣֮ǣɱҶɽĵɶ𣬿Ѫ硣
˾䵹صɲǣսɫѾޱȣ


1750 űյ
˾ˣ
Ȼ˾䶼Ҷ
ʵ˵˾˵ս棬˾䶼ˣôս¼֮еĵһܹսʤҶĿԣͣ
ʤڳ־ã˾ȴʤս׺һ塣
ҶļսǶƽ죬˾䲻У͸С
ο˾䣬ҲûиҶ̫ţ
˾һУĵһз飬ҶܴսʱѾûκԡ
ʵϣսѾûκˡ
ѾҶ浱ô˵ˡ
Ҷͨ񾳾صΪ
˾䣬ȴս¼ˡ
ȻսûܹʰҶļ˾
УҲ٣
ǣаܹԸҶļ˾ȫսռ
ǿ¼ԸҶ棬սѾ޹ˣʤҲûɶҫģֻΪ档
õռ֣Ӯ˾ٶЦ
˵ռ֣ҲûܹǸ³
ǸѪ˼³
˰
ʮŸ
ҶȴǳսٺһЦϷóһˣһ塣
ˢˢˢһд֣գҶս¼ʮˣһɱǹ˾ܣ
˷սļ˾ŵҲûʲôֻǾսôôˡ
սһڼ˾ģֻһ֣ǺϵĴƣ
ǵ۵ģ
ϵɲˣ㲻ˣҿսˣҶٺЦ
ף˵սˣҶЦ
סڣոյص˾䣬Ŵԣǿվ𣬡һû䣡
˾ͷһǵͨ죬ŭޱȵĶҶ棬ȻǱҶղŵĻŵˡ
㻹û䣿
Ҷ´˾һۣ鲻ǹǣǲ˵㣡
ҪǲǾ;ܷһΪֹ
ã˵ģ
һǵѪ˾ѪӧǹߵҶǰվսһͺȵ
˾ȴ·ûһ㣬ı۾ƴָ罣մһͷѪһޱȵӡ֮һָԼĶͷ
ɲǼ䣬һޱȹϢͻȻ˾ϡ

Լ̳ߵݣս긽սļ˾Уʱ˾
û뵽ΪӦҶսսĵһɱǹȻҪս긽ˡ
սɫ΢ա
붯սѾˣǴĳ̶ֳ϶ԣ˾붯ս긽ҲʱҲǿԵġ
Ȼ˵ȥЩˣʱս֮УѾ¼ˣֻϿ˾жˡ
ս긽𣿡ҶǶأһ˿Īĳ
ҲһɲǣһĪϢԽն˾͵ؾޱȵĲһ£Ȼ͵˫
ĿҶ˲䣬ҶĺΪ֮һϣ׹ѣ
һ˲䣬ҶԵģ·ǧһ㣬һڳǧҶһԼʱᱻ˺ɷĸо
Ŀע£ҶоԷڿһ㣡
ʬɽѪ
ţ˾ֳѪӧǹǹŰ֮ʣҶָо
ڣ˾һۣĿ⣬ʹҶ˾˵ѹȡ
ǰ˾ΣҶѾˡ
һɱǹ
𣿡
˾ͷ·һһ㣬ĶҶһۣ񣬾ǿһһκθ顣
żһѪӧǹǹβ
ͻ
һ죬ѪӧǹͲǹâһҶ档
Ҷһһʧ˾ǰǣ˾ǹƣȴǻһޱȵĹ켣Ӳı仯һǶȣӰεĴͻȻֵҶϡ
ɱգ
߳һ˾ǹ͵ؼ١
Ƿ˾ʩչһɱǹ
ȴ뷽ŵһɱǹر
һ˾䱾ʩչɱǹٶȻ죬Ҷɿƾٶ
ǣ˾붯ǵһɱǹս긽֮ʩչɱǹȫһ
ǹƸ죬ңǹǰҶ澹ȻһС
һֱ
Լٶٿ죬£Ҳ޷һǹ
Ȼ֪㲻Ҷ滹ֱ߷ˣ
㡭Ӳģ˾ʱߣõͳޱȣÿһ֣һħһǹһ㣬ҶԺ
ò˵һɱǹķǳ
һУͽҶƵ˳̶ȡ
Ҷ棬ǹҶ棬ǹˮЩսļ˾ǣ׷׺ȻˣһЩΪڽ֮µļ˾ǹƵһ壬ȻʧأֱӴе䣬ˤĹǶϽۣ
ӣҶٴθһ˿صЦ⣬˵ʵһǹɱҪԱսһ֡
Ǹ𣬾͡
¡¡
ҶǵЦУոմҶͷֵĺ鱦׹ըһǰɫаף˳˾Ѫӧǹй¡
һɱǹ˾һ䣡
֣аѾ˳׹
ʱ˾ƣ͹ľҲǿ
״ҶٴЦһͷĺ鱦׹޹⻪һһайȥ
׹У˾ʼҵĲǣ£ôа׺ȥ˾ǲɷɻңҲᱻ׹ɽ̼
ǣ˾ȴһ˶ûУ
ͻȻ䣬һɱǹ׹˾Ӻ﷢һʹĵͺ˾͵һ
ǰַ·һ˱ʬɽѪǧĿֲϢɢ˾ϤϢٴγ֡
ֻһΣ˾Ѿûǰᣬһ𾪵ĿҶ档
һΣҶ濴ûһһ߳˾һ׹䡣
䣡
Ȼ죬ʯ˾˾ͳʴΣڵϺһεӡ
ʱһġ
ȻһˤǾˤ˾Ľسڵǿߵġ
˾ûûˡ
ǰһҶѾˡ
˾䲻Ҷս裬ٴγսһս˾ɴƤսһɱǹ壬ͼսһɱǹ֮սʤҶ档
Ͼһɱǹս긽ȻΪǹ־ϵȴޱȵľ޴
Թһɱǹս긽֮Ŀ֮ȻܹһͲͨ񾳵ߵȥ
ȻҶᱻһɱǹǸǿ־ŻȥֻһɱǹǿֲսǹҶ棬Ϊսһ档
ϧְˣ
˻
˷˲Ϣͻһ˻ĺ
ʤˣ
Ȼս긽嶼սҶ棬Ȼ֮ǿ
ǰ̫ǿˣۿֱ޷ģ
սſڵս飬ʱ޷ζǸܰ
ؼƺûҰ˲١
˾붯긽壬ûлҶ档
ս¼֮УѾ벻˭ٳսˣ
ȻҲ֪Ҷս긽˾䣬ǡпս긽аף
Ļ˵һɱǹս긽˾䣡
ǣʲôأ
˭㱻ҶŰ
˵ʵ֮ǰ˾һ֮ٲӦս
Ƥ붯ս긽û뵽ǰˡ
Ƕ󰡡
ȻⲢ˵սս꣬ʵвá
ҶҲ˵ˣҪսһɱǹı壬Ҷɾûôˡ
ҪҶ׷еаףһа֮Ŀǡ
սҲ飬Ҷаƣսȴǧսɱ־սɱǿƥ־ȴؼ֮
ԣҶаףսпãҲޣǿƳֹôǿ
˾ս긽壬붯ģֻսһɱǹĲ־Ҹ֮ս˾ԣеֵаһ
Ҷаףа飬ȴЧ
˾ģֱӾ˾佫ġа顯˺ɢˡ
ʧȥ˵һɱǹսļӳ֣˾ͱԭΣûӦͱҶˣ
ңҲҶġ
Ҷ֮ǰ͸ֹ۹սսʽѾ׼֪аףս긽ַʽǡ
ԣ˾սһɱǹ壬Ҷһ㶼£
Ҷ棬ʱȴ֣֮ٴʣȡһģˢˢһ֡
գҶսսһɱǹ˾䣬˾սһɱǹս긽壬вҰҶ֣֮
սܶʮ
ո̧ͷ˾䣬Ҷµһ֣۾һɣһھѪ͵ؿ
㣡
Ҫ˾϶
һĻսѪһӿͻȻһѪ
ϵɲˣҪٲˣҶĳɾʹսλսλҶ濴ű˵
սؿھҵţͷһţǹ˼ݣ޲ԳúõĸҶһѵ
ͽЦѡ
Ҷǿɶһǲ𣬻㲻
ս˾תսսţյ˵꣬սתߡ
һսļ˾ҲǼĸ˽ȥսĴŸںȻУ¸¸µĻر
˷Χ۵ļ˾ǸĿɿڴ
սĴŹرյĴһ˫˫žù
ɽ죬Ҷһͨ񾳵ļһȻƵսˡ
űյ
һĻҶ棬ͻȻЦһȻϵһȺսڣ
ңһ
б£սűյ
ո̤սĵһ仰͵һΣǸ
ͬһɲǣҶ
һΣҶȴǳ˷Χۿֵļ˾˵ġ
λͬҶ棬ڴʱսսһ¼Ͼʱģ֡
ңҶĳΪǰսͬǣ׼һССϲλ͹⣡
ҶһɢȥЩ˾ǣ˲ϢˣҶССϲ֪ʲô
Ǻǣλһ֪Ҷĳ˵һԾŶļֵɲƷʯҶ˵
ƷʯһҪһһʱ䣬ӦԼ
ĬĬתս⻰ǰһڣûҶһͷԵڵء
۸ս
Ҷ̫ˣҪս棬鰡


1751 
սڣսϯĮҴ̨˲Ұܵս¼˾䡢Ƥ֪ԼսĿǰڳļλռͺԱ㶼һء
˵˵ǸҶٴٶսĴţӦԣһε˵
ΪҶҲսϳһڶˡ
˭Ҷһ̫̬սּأ
裬ֻű¡
ǲҶǺֻӡķһ£ȻҶ˴ŭЩ⡣
ҶԽ˵ǶԵġ
ⷽϿսǶӣҶʵҲӡ
ǹűյʱҶ˵Щȴһ
Ҷ滹ҪͳһƷʯ뿴ֵļ˾϶ࡣ
֮ҶǻڿЦ
սһͷڹԣǿΣǾͷڹˡ
ңսм˾ڣڵļ˾ķ̳͸ֵӪȵȣӰǧơ
սÿҪ񣬼ֱʤÿ춼вٺ뽻ڽš
սűյһѾǺ鷳ˣǻܽܡ
أ
ҲֻҪʱ䣬ս¾Ҫˡ
ǵĵڡ
սĴţҰɣսϯĮ˵
Ҵ̨ȴȿЦλûϸ˽Ҷһҽ˵Ҷ˵ϸ¼˿ǵ
˵ǰʱڶȨ͵ߴȨӲ飬ѲϴǧŶҹԭĵӣ
ңǶ޷Ըµ糵ˣҲҶûа취
ҾģҶ棬пܻ
˾ЩʧҲЩЩΡ
Ѿ붯ս긽ˣǶԸҶ棬ս¼Ⱥڣ˭ܹҶĶ֣
ĸţǾͲһˣϯĮؿڵ
˵ĿͬʱϯĮϡ
սʵΪǿϯĮΪͻƵ˵
Ҷǰսǰڸ˾Իսдһսġ
ԣΪӺ͹أսֻܿƣֻɳ¼
ҶεսĴţӰ쵽սתʾͲͬˡ
ʱǴԷĵɳռҶһݺݵĽѵʱ˭Ҳһ֡ϯĮ˵
⵹Ҳǡ
󻺻ĵ˵ͷս棬չ顭
ڶʱóսռ֣㲻Ҷ浱ҲһΪȫϣϯĮһ
ԣ󻺻˵ͷĬϯĮļƻ
ºֿԣǣȴ˿ʵǾһ죬ǸҶֱӹűյ
⣬һ⹫ģἰ£ԼҶ档˵
˾üͷһ壬棬ôɣ
Ȼûʲôô
ϯĮȴǴ⹫ģֻǰʣõʱ˿ʵ
ʱ򣬾ǷҶ棬⹫ģҲ˵
ν֮ԤҲҴ̨˱󣬡ǵ
Ӣ

Уսһڸ߲ⳡҶĸ߼顣
ս⣬Ҷɸ۶һս˾ǳǰսµļ˾ǡ
ϵ¼µռ˾Ҷһסս
УսԣҶˣ뿪ֻҪҶڣͱս
սģǸˣҪս͵ӦҶս
һսҶͻҲս
Ȼ˵ſֵļ˾˴룬ߵģ·ģΧ۵˾ûеڹˡ
ҶȻĲԣ;Իصڵ֮ʱ
кöǰ»߻ظս˾⧲Ҷײǽסкö಻֪Ҷϸġ
һҶսܵս˾ߴһʮһ˴Ρ
ԣҶϣѾһʮһΡ
صҹֱսǰΧֻʣһЩ˾սڲĵƹѾ˴룬Ҷ뿪
Ҷ沢ûзֱ뿪
ҶɲΪסսĴţܹսòҶ³ֻӡ
ѹܣ
Ҫս˲ҶһпɲС
Ҷö£


1752 ˾
ҹҶյһѶ֮߹հƵĳڴܻʹһܲ۵լڡ
լ߿ۣܲ󣬵̤УȴǱء
ŸĿռ󷨼ӳ֣ͥԺǻÿһãǳĽ
мʯҲ򲻵ġ
Ժܳʱ˵׼˵ˣֻҪһпУйС˸Ҷϲˮ뿪ˡ
ܹϸĹ۲Ļͻ֣ᷢլԺСˣȫС̫ࡣ
Լʱ֮С˿еڣܵ۹ڼܹܡؼܹ㳯ʩʩȻ֡
״Ҷæӭȥ
λܼԸȫΪֹԭ
ңֹǰ˸㳯һױš
µţūˡ˵Ϸ빫֮ݣϷӦհ졣
ǣ£飬ȫȴΪҶүµģԣϷ͵е˵ˡʱȣֻҶ볤ֹĹϵ㳯ʱ˵ֱӣ档
ܹ뽲
Ҷ㳯ǰܹأصҪԭ򣬻Ϊ㳯һֱΪԳֹмӡ
Ҫսڸ߲׾֣£ǳ鷳սǵڶȨͨɡ
Ȼ˵ͨɹܲϷؼͷ£ڳе
ңҪǣҪؼְ˾ؼֻԱ¸𣬾ؼõһЩս߲׾̰֤ݣҲ޷ڳõġ
ңرشرҪ飬ϷҲϱڱ֪㳯˵
ܹܣҲҪԸս߲׾죬ֻҪǵ֤ѡҶ˵
ԴвǾͷ𣿡㳯üͷһ壬ûвأ
֤ⶫҴܹ壬ĸƨ¶һѣȴһֵܹܶϡ
ǸڶȨ̨ͨͼǺܴɡ
Щ飬ңңܳòǵڶȨͨһҶҲֻӰǿһЩѡ
ңͨӸλûжͷҶ˵
ԣ㳯ĿһҶ棬ȡڣмֳɹĿԡ
˵㳯̾һˣȻ뷨е˼ǳֹУôϷͰһɡҪǵôӦϷ飬ҪǷϷһ顣
ҶȻ㳯ָ֮ʲô㳯ֹҶ볤ֹӴ෴ģϣֹһ㡣
ǣȴԲҶ볤ֹ֮κԽΪ
㳯˵ǻгֹġ
Ƿһ飬Ҷ滹ô
ΪΪͻƵ˵ǷһǷҶ涼ҪӲͷƤӦ

һʱ֮ҶȴǳѲ˾֮ܲУȺ˾Ԥĵ
ø֮ͱˣѲ˾ȴһҹǺġ
ңʱѲ˾֮ܲУϻҪȰԾ
ǰսս֮ʱҶȥѲ˾ܲ˾Ԥ㱨Ѳڶ·Ѳʹ
ʱԼʱһ̡
ò˵˾ԤǺʱģʱ仹ûͳҶȺľڡ
ֱҶǰһƳҶһֱۣ˵˵˵ɣʲô飡
ʲô㱨ͷٳûôʱ˷ѡ
Ҷǰ¶һ˿ڨЦ˾ӢСһƨҶŵ˾죬һС⣬˾Сæ
СæԤָ
ܿģҶͽѲ˾ս߲׾һ£˵˳
Ҷ滹û˵꣬˾Ԥ۾͵صɴ󣬡ҪСæӱ˲ǰɣ
֪ζʲô
ζñ֮һĵڶȨͨ԰
СӽսһϷǴΪ˳˾Ԥ˵
˶֪ˣ٣Ҫ飬ĸҾŴ˾졣
ôĶҪǻ֪Ѳ˾ɴŵˡ
˵˾Ԥߵߵ˵˵ң
Ҫܹ˵һòͨȨֵɣͰ㡣
˾죬Ϊźò׶ѲĶܹȥ׳ȥɣҶ˵
ԭӵĴ˾Ԥ͵۾ֱ壬ĿĶҶ棬ɢһ˲ֱӵ⡣
Ҷ棬ɷΪŶӵݣв
ԣҶЦ˾죬ΪξͲΪԣ滰أ
ô˵㲻ΪսɣԤüͷһ˵
Ҳ˾죬µе⣬ĿǰΪͨ񾳾۷壬þ޷ͻƣֻС
£ҶʵʵĿǰѴд
ҶףƭѲ˾ͷԤѶȣ̫ˣʵʵ
Ҷ̵ģӵļֵ
ɹѲҼʱҲΨһһְѲʹĶӡ
ȻҶѴҲʵġ
Ϊ޷ͻƣѵûͻأҪȥսͨǸ϶ģԤü
УҵֻӡһΡҶ˵
Ԥ˻֣Ѷȸûˣ
̹ˣûзֻֻӡֻӡƵĺ鱦
ңܹҲˣ½ĿǰΨһҶ˵
ԣԤĿһܹҲ֪ˣ㲻Ҳæ˰ɣ
ǸӣǳֹдһױšҶ滹ǳ㳯Ҳµ
ԵģϢ֮󣬴˾Ԥ˼
㳯ؼ£ҪҪǣһ㳯룬ʹ㳯λܻʵʼ¡߹ˡ
£վͻСܶࡣ
ˣҲû취˲ģΪ޷ͻƣΪһӾˡ
Ϊ޷ͻƣպҪѲӰҲѡң»ѰͻΪķ
ϾΪغغԪҶڲļ롣
Ŀǰ˾ԤѾжˡ
ҲҶ澫İȼ㳯Ԥԭ
ڼܹ㳯룬϶Դ˾ԤŴӰ졣
ã˾Ԥ̧ͷ£ԲְæǣǰֻܲһЩСϺףĴ㣬ֻȣָűԲ˺ǡ
ϾǿɰǧǧĴܹԣû裡
ҶԴϲϾҶı⣬ҲֻǽսĴ̵죬Ⱳӣ¶òֻӡˡ
°л˾죡
ҶæҾ˾Ԥȴǰ˰֣ȱлһ˵ء
ΪʲôҶȻ
Ϊ㣬ģ㲻Ϊðŵǧķƾհɣ˾Ԥ˵

ҶһĿЦҶϵһ㣬Щƣ˾ԤԲ򵥣


1753 
ǵĶԲߺܺãңģһ壡ҹսٴ˵ڶȨۡͨɵĸͨ
Ͼɵ߷ϵʹһ¡
㵽ʱսռסҲȻ󲨣ԣǰ׼
ǵʱǿɾ͡
ȥɣ£ŵǶռסģңҶĲǺǩ״
ʱҪϷʱϷԻ档ڶȨͨЦţУȴɭȻ
ϢĴѲ˾ųҶ棬ȴЩô˵أʹš
ļƻѾʼ𣬽Ϳôˡ
ô˵Ūֻӡ£Ѿϣ
ǣȴҲ˾޴Ĵۡ
ò˵֮£ڼܹ㳯Ҫȴ˾ԤҪζĶ࣬ҶǷһ飬Ȼǿڳֹϡ
ڴ˾ԤǼҶֻ˵ִѲ˾ôĺ
Ҫɴ˾ԤҶԺܻḶ޴Ĵۡ
ȻڵҶԣֻҪܹ˳ͻƵĴٴҲֵõġ
һҹ޻Ϣ֮ҶڳսĴŸոմ򿪵ʱ򣬾ͳսĴš
һųŰµ¼һڲҶ棬ˡ
Ҷսʮλ¼飬ʹˣ񿴵Ҷ棬˭Ҳҵù
һתͷߡ
λոմ򿪵ŵֵ˾ȴǸӹҶʱ򣬹ϵĹ˸ոտĴţȻû
⿴Ҷһһġ
ǰɣսộ
ѲǾͷڹꣿ
ȻȻҶ滹ǽĺϣֽսϡ
գҶս˾һʮһ˴Σս¼ʮˣܵһɱǹ˾䣬ʱδս󲻵òűϵ
Ҷֲ˵ڶս죬дһ֡
°ճʱһ̣Ҷս¼Ȼٴιűյ
սڣõϢϯĮ̨һڸ߲ļ˾Ҷս죬һ޵
ǵȷҪ󣬽ҶһգºֵĻܻռȥѵҶˡ
˵ģ˵Ҷս죬ѹսĳӭģǺϵİһ
ʵϣֹսһڸ߲㣬սڵõϢ֮ҲǲȻŭ
̫
һŭȣǰֱӱ˷ĩ
ǲԣ档
շϵǸɵҶ棬ս棬ҲǶˡ
ҲһʱڱͬЦһ
û취ұս¼ûҳԶԸҶ¼
սս꣬ȷʵǿ󣬵ܹսϿɳΪ̳ߡܹ붯ս긽塢һɱǹ˾ļ˾ȴ֮١
Ȼ˵ˣսҲֹһţƽʱģֻš
˵űҶˣǿԿſԿų°
ǣǶǸ˰
һսͻΪҶƵ÷ſ˺ŵս
һսԶ̧ͷĳ衣
ȥսļ˾ĪҪսñС裡սҧгݵ´һ
ϢսԴ½Ҷûжսļ˾Ҳ½½ļеսſڿ֡
Ǹоˡ
ڱÿһ˾͸оƨɱһ˿һ
˰
Ϊ˳һڶֻ̡
ֵļ˾ԽԽࡣ
ֵļ˾࣬ҪҶһС⡣
Ҷ첻˵ҪóƷʯ
ֵļ˾ˣÿƷʯǲܣҶҵҲ
һԾŶ˵
Ҷó˼ֵƷʯƷ鵤
һƷ鵤Ĺٷһ۸һٿƷʯҶһóٿƷ鵤Ȼÿһ齱
ûǳ齱
ƷʯʮˣҲһСƣɷָˣû˼ˡ
齱ͼӲ˵ҶҲŵԡ
ҶϵģôһССϷȻǰӼ˾ޱȵ˷ܡ
һ֣δĵһ֣һߡ
һֱĵʱҶΣóһƷ鵤齱
û뵽Щ˾Ĳֺ
Щֻ齱鵽һƷ鵤Ҳֵøһ
ļ˾ǣԴ࣬ҲȱһƷ鵤еֵƷ鵤Ǹ
ޱȵĸˡ
ҶʶЩ˾ǣʵҸӡ
ҪЩ˾ǣųɾŵʱ䣬ڿޣ֮⻹ǿޣڹϣΪѹ֡
ͻȻ˵»ޱȵĸˣҲһӡ
˾ǣɢ˵ʱһ嵽ҶǰҶ컹
Ȼң׼СǿܴûмҶһЦ
ҴδһǼ˴ƣܲҿһۣ
У죡Ҷһ
ðɣջȥ
̫ɽ֮ʣҶսһʣ°ճʱһ̣Ҷս¼Ȼٴιűյ
Ƶʱڣսһֱսգһ˸¶棡
һʣҶٴﳤȥ
ͬһɲǣһĻ˾䣬޲óȥȥҶսһȴҴ̨סˡ
죡
ϣܹݺݳһڶˣʰռźˣ


1754 컯֮
һ磬Ҳܽ߰ʮ¾գճ֮ʣҶٴ׼ʱսſڡ
ವģǸȻֽǰյսԸͬʱ˵ս졣
¾ճʱһ̣Ҷսɽա
ս˺
޵
̶̼֣սűһڼ˾Ǹŭգ޲ھͳȥҶƴ
ÿҳȥʩչƴԪҲҪսһսҶģ̫Ҫɱ˫Ŀͨ˾һŭ壬򿪵š
˾ڣսļ˾ǣɶһҹδ˯žҪһڶء
ʵϣҴ̨Ҳһҹδ˯͵Ƚء
һҴô˵棬Ҷᣬȫޣŭǰ˸
Щ˻
𼱣˵Ĵƣаţ̨Ȱ
аţɽѾˣȥսԺôȥˣ
ٵһʱ
̨Ȱš
ȻսҪһ££ҪݺݵĳһڶôҪĿ֮¸ǲŽǲŽй񫡣
Ҳֻܱ鷳
ڴ̨Ȱ£һŭյս˾סˡ
ϾǳȥҲֻƴѪԣսʤҶĿԺС
ͬʱҶĴ𣬾½½йսļ˾ˣĺܿ졣
ʱ۽͸ߴ
ҲЩ˾ϵʮǵĿ֣ҪȻǵطɲ
һʱ֮󣬾۽˾Ѿˡ
Щ˾󲿷ֵģвսйڵķֵ֣˾ǳҶĳ齱ġ
ְ࣬
鵽ƷĻǾ͸ˣҶ˵ˣĶһޡ
ô˾۽һ˵ʲôĶС
ģָսŵĴָָģ˵ս˵ģ˵սûͷģȥ
źߵһս˾Ǹް
ҲڴʱսԼҵϯĮ˵ͷˣȥɣ
סҪԥһ־֣˵ǲзϣŪҲûϵ
ԣսϯĮЦһףʹȻλ⣬ȥĴʹҲǲٵģһ࣡
˵꣬ϯĮʹռϰλ¼кһƱǼսȥ
սĹ㳡ϿգʱǾ۽ֻѼӣ಻
֨ƣ
սƿͲľס˵עڶ˾սϯĮʱһ䡣
һЩ˾ʶǲһսҪˡ
ҶСţӵĿսϯĮλռأ
СİϯĮǺˡ
ͬһɲǼ䣬Ҷ鸮Уٵ괫Ҷֵͷǡ
ЩЩ뿴ֲҶʹ˱ߵļ˾Ҷġ
Ϊ˶ģҶսԣڶսĴţͲˡ
ս϶
Ȼո̤սţսϯĮҶĺˣһߡ
ʲô⣬ȻҲսſڣŭУҲϯĮôˣ˲رɷ飡
ս˼ͷڹ꣬˿ϳˣ
ЦУҶָϯĮһ¼λ¼Ҷս
ȱžܾ°Ҷһģֻͨ񾳾صΪ
Ҷ˵꣬˷ļ˾ǷĺЦ͸ǵҶ
Ц˲Ϣս¼һǺҶ¼ӲͷƤǰӦս
Ҷһ٣ܱȱЦǿ
¼ȴɫˮϯĮסˡ
Ҷ棬ҶĳսϯĮϯĮԱݡ
ޣкָ̣
㰴Ĺսս¼һ㣬޿ɺǣǣսţȴظս
ڣʮϢ֮ڣϸҹݹϯĳ
ָҶŭ֮߳ʣսϯĮȴԿʼ
ʮ
ţ
ߣ
ޣߣսˣˣҪǲأҶ汧۶һϷģ
ϯĮĶҶһۣǾĪϯĳԳ֣롯뿪ˣϯĳ֣ûأʶģ͸ϽԶϯĳһһΣ
ԣҶȴ˸Ҷĳʲôֶϵãǲϵáʶ࡯ôд
ߣԣ
ϯĮЦһٶԣֻٴοʼѾɱ
Ҷֵܣߣϯģֺأ
Ҷռ뿪ĺã
ǴҪº֣Ͻ뿪ĺãһ괫ӿ룬ŪҶЦá
ǣҶȴ˿ûϯĮֻһĿϯĮ
Ҷͳ˧ˣ֮ǰôûǵôܲţ
壡
ģ

ÿһϯĮɷʢһ֣ƾǿһ֣ɱǳ
ɱ˶ףϯĮ֮ʱϯĮȻֹҶ֮ʱ

һɲǣйսļ˾ǣĶ
ϯĮսļ˾ǣڴޱȵ߬ȭͷˣǾڵһɲǡ
ųһڶɲǡ
ڣϾҪˣ
һ
սϯĮ͵⣬ǳֵǰס
ҲһɲǣɭɭƾҶը֣һɫװĳֹƾճҶԡ
ϯ£һλڵĴռ˾ȻҪΪͨ񾳾صҶ֣أ棬ǽб֮
ֹͻȻ֣һĳϯĮ˴Ĵָ
ͻȻֵĳֹ˲Ϣͽڴһɲǵսһڼ˾Ӧˡ
ۿžҪˬˣͻȻ˸µġ
ֹݣ⣬ΪϯĮҲӡ
³ֹս˵Ƥյķ̣ʱҲֻˡ
£ϯĮޱųֹ񣬡ˣϯĳֻΪάսѣ뼧ÿϯĳС뼧ںȲҲ
ϯĮʱѾ⣬ǳֹˣֻҪҶ治ߣҲҪʰҶ档
ҪȻսˣûתȥˡ
죬Ѿˡ
ȲͲˣֹ΢΢һЦΪϾϯдһϯɸһս
һ˷ļ˾սϯĮ̨ԼսĵˣǴһ
־Ȼִ£
𾪵ǣֹ˵꣬ϯĮʾ
ֹıͶظϰɭɭ飬ޱߵɷ˲ϢסսϯĮ
ͬһɲǣһĪϢشӳֹ
Ƿ·بϢַ·Ǵ׹䷲Ŀֲѹǰһ㡣
˲Ϣ˷м˾ȴ
ǰеĿֲѹˮһɢ˷
֮еļ˾ǵ壬಻סĲ˾½һе䣬ˤžžž졣
볤ֹԶļ˾ȽϺãѹᣬ볤ֹȽϽļ˾ǣЩֹսļ˾ǡ
ֹһ壬ͨͨһأ
ϯĮˣʱϺһ㣬ǺתţԪԻӰĵֿųֹѹŬֱͦԼڳֹǰȥ
ûֱͦ
⡭ǡ컯֮ϯĮѵ³⼸֡
컯ͬʱսսɫͱޱȵѿ飬ֱ͸˹һģ


1755 ս
ֹ컯ǵʥŮУҲǳֹ֮ǰܹĸԭ
ǰֹҶһɻı£ɹʥŮС
Ǹʱ򣬳ֹȻʥŮУܹõǳޣ˵ǶʥŮд컯ˡ
ĲաںֹѾ˰ʥŮС
ȻֻаɣǣʥŮ̫ʱڣǿǿԶԿ˴ڡ
ԣ½˰ɣֹʵѾȡ
ǣ˰ʥŮĴ֮󣬳ֹѾ޵Ķ컯ˡ
컯ǿǸ߲εһ
ߵѹԵơ
컯ߵô컯ߵľ
еĲࡣ
Ҫǣ컯Уɵ۷ǿ߲ط֮컯µߣӵзǳǿѹ
սϯĮǵڵǿߣǣɻͨķ룬컯ʵ
Գֹ컯֮һſϯĮͲòеԿѹ
һʱ䣬˾ڳֹ컯ѹɪɪ
ΨҶ⡣
վڳֹ󣬷·ûһ㡣
Ҷ֮Բ컯Ӱ죬ԭǣֹ̳ʥŮ֮ʱСԪ鰢İ£͵͵Ĺȥһˡ
ԼʥŮеһɲ컯ɡ
Щ컯Сʱ޷ͳСڡ
ҶСһ干СҶ츳Ѫģ컯Сڣ൱ڳҶڡ
Ǿ൱ڣҶҲһ컯
Ȼ컯ҶĿǰܶã볤ֹ컯ͬһԴҶ治ֹܳ컯ѹӰ죬ȴû⡣
˾ǿŸûһҶ棬뷨ȴһ
ȻҲû𾪡
˶ܵΪǳֹˡ
ôϯռմս㣬ӦսػǲӦսֹٴ
ˣٴ˵Ƥɲϯռ񣬲õΪȥսͨ񾳾صߣĿǰΪڽ۷壬սڵϯռӦûɣֹٴȻ˵
ƨ
սڲĵ͵һڣ޲õֹ޳ܡ
⻹ܽк
һ۷ߣܹ컯
ܹƾѹһλڵǿ߶ȫԿ
⻹Ǻûˣ
޶żսϯĮҲ뷨
ʱ޲ʺֹʮ˴
۸˵ģû۸˵ģ
ǣϯĮ
ֹʮ˴¸ҵˣĲࡣ
ϯռⲻñô룿ҪӦսţҪ䣿
ֹ·һ㣬ģǲܵģ͵ӦսˣǱɾҪˣ
ҡ䣡
ϯĮٲԸһֹҪ֣Ϳˡ
Ȼ˵볤ֹûһս֮ڳֹ컯ѹ£ɵҪԿѹ
ҪǣֻҪֹ컯һûк鱦鱦£ѹ޷вֹ
̻ô
û򰡡
ֻ䣡
ˣҲãȻˣôҲΪ㣬°ɣֹȵ
ڳֹλλϢֹ컯һյɲǣϯĮһת˻ء
ոתһӣ͵ת˻
飬԰
Ӧ뿪ǳֹϯĮ
˲Ϣ䣬ϯĮͱѿޱȣ
£սҲսˣǻÿϯĳΪսҪάսϣϯĮɱٴֱָҶ档
㻹ҪսҶ氡ǸðǱٴս㣬Ȱô۸ˣ
˵䣬ֹո컯ٴڶʱ˷ЩΪһļ˾ٴιһأǽиư
㡭
ϯĮֱᣡ
Ԫ֮Կųֹ컯ѹ֮ʣϯĮҪսˣ
Ϊ
ϵģֹһҲϣΪֻͨ񾳾صҶ棬ǰսսһڼ˾
Ǽ¼Ҳܣռ۸ˣǱͲӲˡ
ԣϯĮŭˣ˲ҶѾսˣսˣ
ͲˣҺΣֹһ˲ģ
㡭
ϯĮسһѹŭ𣬻֣صôϯĳɷ仰ΪҪսȫ濪ս𣿡
һ˾Ҷڣ޲ɫ䣡


1756 
ڷֵڶ࣬ûãֵڲĦࡣ
ЩĦɴСʱ򣬳ȥͳ˻Թ
Թ֮£˽˲أĴ׼һȨҲ޷ֹ
²衣
ԣɴֵ֮䣬ض£ԽƵĴ䡣
νƣڱ֮ʱȫ֣ɱԷҲǿԵġ
ͬʱһʼ䣬͵÷ֱԼҹĹսֻս꣬طģսʤԹһʹ
һڸֵĦࡣ
Ϊ˭ףҪʽսд䣬ܾˡ
ּʮϰԹģҪս䡣
һսд䣬㲻ѪɺӣҲ˶١
ʱϯĮ˵ʵвֹ
ǳֹӲҪ֧ҶĻôսս۵Ĵˡ
ǣļ˾ʱҲʮˣ඼ռ˾ʹؼ˾սأ˾Ŀȴǳ
˵ռ˾ؼ˾ǼĿͳˡ
£һʼ䣬սܹѹ
ҲҶɫԭ
սʵ۸ˡ
˵ʵҶΪԼͻһ£óֹ룬Σļ˾ȫ£˵ɴˣǶҶԸ⿴ˡ
£Ҷ滹
Ҷ취Ҳһڼ˾ɥ
¸оҶ֮ʣֹٴ
Ҷ棬ֹǰϯĮȫ濪սвʮֵ򶨡
ȫ濪սð
ֻҪսҹ͸ȫ£ߣ£Ҷ棬ȫ£
ڵռԻкǣ
˵ֹ꣬üһ˵ʵôһ˵սһˣ
սҪȫ濪սǾͿǵһǰ׼ȥǩЭ飡
ֹĻϯĮһɵˡ
սа˾ǰֹ˵ȫ濪սսҲֲȥ
ʱ˫ɵɼ˾ս˭ԣҲԵ任ˡ
ôһҶϳսʲôϷ
֮£ȫҶһ֮С
֮أսĿǰսǿĵҲǵн׵Ϊ
Ҫսʤӵ컯ĳֹǺѶȡ
Ҫ۵Ĵ䣬Դǻս
Ҷٶȣնɱһ¼ֻҪһҪٶȿ죬ǵԶԵĻս¼һ֮ھͻᱻҶɱ⡣
սʲô졣
ףϯ㵹˵͵ȫ濪սأô˵
㵹ǿ˵
սģѵս˰
˲жҪȫսͿ㰡
Ҫͽǵ

Ҷǵһηֹ֣ͣȻҲ˵ϬĸϯĮƳͷ󺹡
ϯĮҲɵˡ
ﻢ°
Ҫȫ濪սֲң
䣬ʱҲս
ϯĮǽиưⶼʲô
ǰ˾սȻ˸סˣ
ȻĨһѶͷ亹ϯĮʱʱĻͷһսŵķ
Ѿûˣֻܼڵ˳Χ
ǣսҪܳҪǸҳˣαصȵʱ
ֹѾ˵ˣôô˵ֹ϶Ҫսսġ
˵ӦսţǲӦս
˶˾棬ǲӦսǾʹ䣬սϵȻһµһŮ֮סˡ
ȥôˣ
Ժô죿
ôӦսǣӦսĻսֹûбʤİհ
˵ǱʤİգսʤֹİգĳɶûС
۳ֹ컯֣Ѿڲ֮ˡ
ʤգˣǲ涪ˣսҲᱻˡ
ңǰˣ
ȨףҲܳȥ
ȥǾ鷳
ⲻȥߵϯĮˡ
Ųȥ˰
ֹĻԽԽÿһ仰ǵһϡ
ϯǵǿ찡
Ҫȫ濪սһŮӶ£ǻĥĥģ𣿡
ǰ˾ϵֻʮ˾µɣ
ųֹļ˷ЦҲԽԽ࣬ϯĮһøһ㣬˵жѿжѿ
Ϣ֮ڳֹĴߴУսϯĮͲתȵȥűյ
һս˾˪˵һ㣬εĻתսսĴţڿʱ֮ٴιϡ
״ֹüһĨǵЦ⣬תҶһҺɡƤһֹʧĵӰ١
Ҷ棬򻺻ڵսдһʣ¾գսȫ濪սϯĮսٴιűյ
սűļ˾ǣǸް
ǣгֹǾ仰ռ޷ս¼ĸҶĶأ
ǳ˹űյʲô취
Ͼ󶼲¶棬ô죿
һҶ߾͸ˣսǰļ˾͸ˣҶǴһһ
ЩΧ۵ļ˾ǣҶҲûš
齱Ʒ½һЩС⣬żһƷ鵤㾪ϲ
۽ս㳡ܱߵļ˾㹻ࡣ
ϾҶÿʱһεĳ齱С˼ġ
ȻҲ뿪Ҳ˾֡
£սűµϢǲϳһѸٴ
ǴҲˣһ˶֪Ϣ
˵սˣ
սû취¼治棬ƤսҶ档
ǽȴǺȻ
ٶȣ
û취ҶٶȣһΧڣѹҶûκΰ취
ȻҪսϰ¼ͬʱսҶ棬ǶǸˣҲҡ
ΪĿǰΪֹҶĳ֣ǱȽϿƵġ
սļ˾඼ˡ
ǣսϲȥ˰
ÿҶ뿪͵͵ķ˽һЩҪ񣬵ⲻǳ֮ư
졣
Ҷսŵĵ֮ǰһӼ֮󣬿һһ𼱻뿪±Ҷסս˾ǵʱ򣬱ŭˡ
͵ؽǰޱĲ豭̨ȫˤ˸飡
ҶģҪʲô
Ҫսʲôʱ򣿡
ѵսҶһֱȥ
˵һƽ֮ûУǷ𣿡۹ͱĵЪ˹


1757 
˵һƽ֮ûУǷ𣿡۹ͱĵЪ˹
˵Ƿ𣿡
Ъ˹սȴһļž
ϯĮһռֻЩ˾Ϊ׵ĺ¼ûһ˿ڡ
󣬱ĶڳˣͻȻʹӼռУһĨԹ⣬ǲ
ǲ񣬾һˮͷһ㣬˲Ϣ÷ŭޱȵıˡ
£ƺֲǡ
˵ǣҲ޲ߡ
Σһ
ЩżˣԷ𣬻λ½һ
ϴµһռ¼ʱվסˣһæ˵޷Ҷ⡣
Ҫ֪սȨʯǰЩռ¼ûЩ˵֧֣ҲͿҪܿˡ
лλ½⣬ΣȴҪı䡣ټҶȥս޷תҪܾ޴ʧ˵
սļ˾ߣҲ⵽ۣս棬ҲҪױȵˣΪڵЦ
ʱ˿̣ʲô뷨ʲôĽ뷨˵⽨ߵͺûϿҡ
ǱĳϿҵ֤ڳֻսŴ£Ѿ˻üëһϣϾ˿ˡ
ˣȻҶѾս޷תˣֲ
ôǸɴֳ֯棬̵ʱڽҶΧɱսռסġսڶ˵
˼һ£ҡҡͷ
ף
Ҷٶ죬˲ɡ˶˲˿ʵսҲǸˡ
УǼ־ڸأǼսȦݣǿǴ޴¿ڰ
ɵҶ棬ַֻܹ򲻿ɣǸҶ治һ裬˭Ը
ңǳϵռٶ¼Ҳ޷ڶʱڸɵҶ档˵
ⷨӲУ㵹˵һķӡսһ
һȻ˵ҪͨȨѵֵЩ˾ҪΧۣҲҶ治Ҫٵң
ֵ˵ˣǿǵͨȨ²̨ļһͨȨѵ⣬ǲãһ˵
һԵĵȴǿЦͨȨǱߣˣѾҹˣûã
ʵͨɵսģɾͬһԣûðңС£ͨȨҲò֡
ͨȨԣóɵҶ棬Իͦ
Ϊ¾һȨ֣սͨǸ
ϾҶĺϴĺͨ񾳾۷Ϊ
սһڵϵһͨ񾳾۷Ϊռ˾ţ˵ȥ
ͻȻ䣬һֱδڵϯĮˣʵ£Ҫ˵Ҳð졣
ޣô˵
£ҪΪҶ棬Ҷʧˣս֮ҲͲˡϯĮ˵
һϯĮ˼ǣ
ϯĮͻɭȻһڳˣȻһĨӵĶɸֹȥɱ
˻

˵ڳûɱֹǽֶͬļ˾ϣЩˡ
ĿǰΪֹҶ֣ǺܿƵġ
ɱ
üͷǰȥмɰգ
ϯĮЩˣ֮⣬ٰ˳ɣڲҲ֮٣
˼˼ϢٴҡͷɵİնûУУ̫ˣһ»¶ȫ군
ɱǿһˣޱȵĶӣ
ûа취׷ʵ
սĵڣٴ˰֮С
Ŀٴδһλλռ¼ɨɾûһ˿׼ơ
ʧʱһƽʱռͻؿˣʵµӦսҶ棬Ҷֻӡķ
ҾͲˣΪʲô˶⣬ƫƫҪҶ棬ս˴أ
ֻӡķ˭òãˣΪʲôһҪҶ棿
ʵҾģֻӡķҶ棬ӭжˡ
УУ
ԲֻܽӡķҶ棬ǴʱҶ棬Ǵսͷˣ
ǣԲУҪȻսδ棿
ռĻأӭһƬķ
Ƿһİۣûнİ취˵˽İ취˵ҲҲУ˵ʲôܽĿǰ֡
ڶ˾ſڽ࣬᲻ʲôԵ뷨
ûнİ취ǷҶֻӡ飬Ҳᡣ
ҪսӲ˵ͷϯĮ
һĻĵȴЦƾĶۣռĽ飬õķ
ϯĮԣսǾֶӣҪͷ
һĪչʱһͻȻӽսڲһ߼ӽһһҵ˵ãǸҶ絽һҪȻҪڴſˡ
˲ǱˣҹȥµҴ̨
̨ҵĻȴսһڸ߲ͷͻȻޱȵı
ս
սҴصҲʱ䣬ҪˣҶסǾҪһͨ
Ǻεȵı
±սսǰϵʲôʱȻ쵽̶ֳȣ
ԼҵĴҲҪʱ䣬֮ǰأñܿҶ档
ֱ
һˣؿھһķơ
ϻҴ̨ȴûע⵽һ㣬һٵǸ⡣
󣬾һݵĿͬţƺЩ
ģõƳЩʲôϾ̨ĸܲܣæʵ̨鷳
̨ԥͻؾŵϥ¡
һĻսһڸ߲㣬й񣬵ռ˾ϣͷϳ˹
˵̨Ӹλ¼ˣʱй񣬾ʹд·ˡ
˾Ŀע£̨ˡ
֪սֵ֮һΣѴˣʵ޴˰æ󵽵ġ
˾ȾҴţԺ󣬱ضͿԱ̨һıࡣ
ţñһæǰ˴̨˵˵׷ʲô£ֻҪܹĵطһ


1758 ò
̨һӵʱ䣬Ǵϵ֮ǰǰ˵һ顣
ǫ̂Ļ˵ҲǴһ嵹ù
֪ôģͱѲ˾Ѳˡ
Ǵˣ֮һ֮Ч룬ΪЧǴϣҲоλġ
ֻ۶ڣǴϵһƷʵ㲻ʲô
ңΪǴ츳ˣڲЧǴһˣڴܴµĻְ
˰˾ѡ˾ǵ̲ĵ˾;Ǵӵܡ
ʵϣǴ˵ǨӸλĴ̨һλ֯ġ
ûʲôȨǴеľӣļ˾Ҵܵľӣǿǽ˾ɱһ
ԣһŴ۸ӵĹϵ뻧ϵ̨ҲͽΪıһЩְ˾Ƿʲ
ڴܣְԱԾֵ飬֣ʵǺܳ顣
˵ǷžãЩͨľӣõֵľжİ˳ɣǾոˣõɲ
ȻҲͨӡ
ʧȥˣʧھֵĸԱˡ
ϰΪͳɹˡ
ùǣǴһˣȴѲ˾ˡ
ְˣȫбļ˵̶ʱڣѾʮλ˱ˡ
ԭҲЩϵģ̨Ϊ棬ܹ
û뵽ҹݷ˼λϵȴûһ˿ϼ
õһޱȱϢ
Ѱ
ǴһһѰ
̨ͬĸܣβѡ˾ְ࣬λһ㣬ˮޱȷΪҪĹϵܸ˾СһЩеĵر
ԭǲµϿվͲˣҲ㲻ô¡
ͻڣ̨Ķӣǵϴʮǰıһ˾ټְ
˾ǽǰ߽ʿװٵװѡõĿ޸޸Ȼٻװͨӡ
ҲһʲϾļװãȫƾ˵㣬һЩؼ㲿߱ϵ޺õıı
Ǵﶼ飬ҪȻΪظڵЩ鱬ħģ
ôģ
أҲʲô¡
ǣĶӱѲ˾ץȥ֮ӵ̫С̫ˣѲ˾һСֶΣͽĶŵƨ˵Ĳ˵ģһԵȫ˵˳
ĶӣȻ˾ıϱ޺֮󣬸壬Ҳ̨ܴ٣ڸС֮ʣЩܵĹ壬׬ȡ˰ٱı
Ҫǣ׵ĶУȻħ壡
ɾǷ˴ɣ
ܼܵ򵥣Լõ߽ϡڣڲ⣬ҪŪˣֱӳңҴܵġ
ҪͨйƱħ壬ǿɾˡ
ΪӣǴһڻѡ˾;˾ѾѲ˾ȫܴˡ
̨ǽи
ƽйϵˣ¸ƲĲɾ˭Ұǣ
̨һҹһӻңⲻ󵽵ͷˡ
ҪȻ̨Ҳݴ񰡡
̨˵꣬ȴɵˡ
£ùܰ
ǲùܣѹ
ͨͨħ飬˭
£̾һ̨ţ£ǱҲﲻ㣡
ҪѺ£һ˶ûãҪңҪѲ˾˾ԤǣԤˣûʲô飬йһβСĲ죬Ҳﲻ㰡
һ̨ˡ
æٴι£һΣ̨˫ϥ¹ңȾҴһ壬ֻҪɹһ٣Ҵһεʹ
һΪǲȣǾȲ˰£ʵǡ
֪ͨȨĹϵҴţ̨ٴһݵס
̨Ҳΰֱ콵
̨ȴûз֣սڵϢΪ⼸仰ù
һ仰֪ϯĮؿڡ
֮䣬ʲô˼ɵģ˵һơ
¾ģսܱ˸ˣϯĮ˵
ˣô˵һĲ⡣
һһֱû˵ǰ½ӵ˷ϢＸڵؿ˾ְˣѲ˾ĸץˡ
µʱҲû⣬һֱڻ࣬ȴûн
̨ҲѲ˾˲ˣ⼸ڣɻɡ
ϯҲѲ˾ץ˰һһľ㵣£һһֱ˵ҵһӣĸֶӣҲѲ˾ץˣʡ
Ҵ绹ҵĸףҲѲ˾ץˣ
ҼҲǰѲ˾ץĸ
Ҽҡ

һʱ䣬սڵһռ¼еĴ˾Լҵ˾ԼҵױѲ˾ץˡ
ϣʮսĳԱ˱Ѳ˾ץ
󶼿ʵƾôйϵҲǾȲЩˡ
˵ǣЩ˵˱ץȫ֮ڡ
·һҹ֮䣬ս߲ļˣͶѲ˾ץˡ
ɲǼͱޱȵѿ
ɵҲԿóѲ˾ڿս
ҪȻôɵ顣
Ҷ棡
Ҷ˳Ѳ˾϶Ѳ˾Ӻսģ˰Ĵ̨ͻؾ
ϯĮ˰˴̨һۣҲ뵽ҶϣҪȻѲ˾Ե޹ʵôս
ӦɲǣսҴ̨Ǹް
޲øԼơ
飬ײˣҶı
Ҫһֻ۱һֻֻۣӡķҶ棬Ҳûʲôˡ
ڣȴǴ֮·
ҶⱨѲ˾ԸǣɵΪ
һʱ䣬ܵǣļ˾Ƿ׷׿ڡ
ʱҲò̬
ǷģȻѲ˾ⱨǱھȥȼͨȨͨȨһΪģ˵
ģһᾡ̳ģһ̳֤
ԣĴ̨صĵ˵ͷͨɴȨڴܳøʮֳĻȨ
֮Уͨҵһϯ֮ء
ֻҪͨɴȨţ¾һܹ
²˳٣ھȥͨɴȨ

˵꣬һҶ棬һ˵
Ҷ˸ˣҪʲô𣿡ɻս˼˾Ƿ
һۣս飬ͱޱȵ𾪣öֶ
Ҷģæʵ
ڵ㳡˵Щ¡
˵ʲô
˵ҪǿһȲ裡˾С
һ£սͻȻߺȵˣ裡
ò裡


1759 
ҶսſʱԶڼǧ֮ݳǣѲŵڵء
ѵѲҴµϴǧŵұ٣Ҵڻ͵Ѳϴǧš
ˣǱҶйص飬Ѿˡ˫ַһӳ˲
ϴǧŲżϸʵһʳֺһƣʩطȥϱߵĲۿ
ۣѲϴǧŵüͷһ
ҶˣȻܹԤְæȲСӣҶ渶ĴۣǲС
ؼྐྵȻҲˣӦǳֹӡϴǧǱ߿ߵ
ֹԳսռҶսֻӡķ־ڱصඣ˵꣬ϴǧŵб٣ѯ֮⡣
شˣжϵûһгͻսҶֻӡĵҶ档
Ҷ棬ܵѵĵ磬ɱսסսĴš
Ҹ鱨ϣҶ뿪ӦȥҴ˾˰æȥˡ
Ҷֻӡ־ڱصãҿȥܼ˵
ѲϴǧŵȻЩƮ죬Ҷ棬żҪֻӡҪʲôأ
ֻӡҪйأ⡣˵
귽⡭
ѲϴǧŵͻȻͱǵãֻӡڳ֮ʱǱ˵Դʱӡſǰɣ
ûٵ˵ͷ
ô֪ҶҪֻӡãϴǧٴʵ
鱨ҶսҪõǣʮ졣ٴ
ʮ졭
Ѳϴǧٴγ˼
ãŻڣֻʮ죬ôҶӦòĥģãҶĿǰֳ״̬ҶӦúܹؼ
ֻӡʱɻţ֮ǽʮҵıʱá
ʮڣڶ·Ѳ˾ʧȥҶͷָӣС»Ӧǳ˴£ô
Ѳϴǧŵǣ⣬ңʮĹؼʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ǽһҶûκصء
ԣٵ˵ͷӦˣҶ£һأҲǿõĿյʱ䣬ûʮ졣
ʮңӦʮʮ֮䡣
ʮ죬Ҳˡ
ȥǱ׼ɣһյϢͰƻɣѲϴǧͻؽ

Ӧ֮ʣ̧ͷˣսأ
ţѾˡս治ôǵٰ֣мһһεĻᣬҪ
˵ϴǧ͵߬ȭͷһΣһ˻ὫҶϳѲҶ
ңҪҶûκζɽĻᣡ
ǣ

ͬһʱ̣ҶҡڵıսҴ̨ս
ʵϣյ˾ԤϢؼܹ㳯һؼ֮Ҷ֪̯Ƶʱ䣬һˡ
ϾҶһεĿģǽսΪʹս
֮£ͷϷʵؼѲ˾ڳҶ߶ţ˵սƤѲ˾ؼ࣬ȴÿһսĸ߲ʹķƣ
ҶÿţսעϾ˻Ѳ˾ķѣû취ʼЧӦԡ
ǷӦʱѾǵƷΧˡ
ʵϣҶ濴˾ԤϢ֮󣬴̨һžȻͨ塢ħ֤Ҳʮ⡣
ֱŵľϲ
ԣ̨Ҷӭȥʱ飬޲õʹսҶ潲͡
Ͼͻͬ⽫ֻӡķҶ档
ǣûǸʸ
Ҷսһڸ߲㣬ûʲôɫ
ǣʱս߲ļˣѲ˾ˣƴս鷳ɾʹˡ
ϯĮ̨˶°ɡ˵
Ϣ֮Ҷ汻뵽˴ĲңҶ桢ϯĮ˷ֱ
ڵλԵ͵Ĵ̨ͳ֮ˡ
˿̱˵裬ǽд̨裬ҲԸ⡣
Եһڲˮ֮ս󽫸ոյǷ򣬷ŵ˲輸ϡ
ҶɷΪвһء
ԭܼ򵥣м¼ÿһ£ǱһԽȥü
߼¼¼ţټЩ飬û˵֪Ҷڳġ
֮⣬йս߲˵ΥҼ͵飬иֱƴĿġ
в
ҶȫǱһٴУһϵô롣ߵ飬ɲҶĳġ
ȫ֤оݿɲʵѲ˾ؼ࣬м¼
ؼࣿ
ͫ͵һ
ؼս֪ġ
Ǳûؼ඼¡
ؼǿǿֱʼ¡鱨Ҷ棬ȻܹؼôҶɾ͸ԤĲһˡ
Ǳ󣬾ϯĮ̨Ҳһ
Ѳ˾ŷɥ⣬ؼӵأ֪ؼ˭ƹܡ
δ֪ģ־ġ
ϯĮ𾪵ԭڴˡ
ҲǱϯĮֻΪؼ鱨ֱͨʼ¡ŻĿֲ
ʵϣƹؼڼܹ㳯ԣؼ࣬ܽʲô鶼ȥ
ֻ浵Ҫʱ򣬻˵Σﵽһ̶ȵʱ򣬲Żᱨȥ
ؼһܹӴܸػǧϢôϴʥ
ɱ˲һ㣬Ծĺܾ֡
Щ飬Ǳϵ峤¶ɣҶЦһ˵ʵֻҪԸ⣬ڳǱϼͥ߰
ȻЩ鱨ǳΪĳ䣬ǳΪֻ̲Ѳ˾˾İͷģͿϵѡˣҶ˵
Ҷ棬Ϊ㱳ˣսҲ˵ġϯĮһӲ
˵ͨͨȨ𡣡
Ҷһʼ磬ҲϣͨȨźܴǿһԣͨȨܲܽս߲зȫ
˵أѵͨȨһ죬ͨħ¶ܹѺ
ҶһڵĴ̨һˮһء
ҶĿֿϯĮȻϯǲǾԼҵ˷鲻󣬾Ϳ⡣
ҶҡͷǻѲ˾ıʲô
Ѳ˾ı£ʵǲ鱨ݺҶк̶ӣǰͨħ̫ˡ
ңϯĮŭվŭҶ棬һɱ⣡
Ҷļʲôҵģ
Ȼߵǻտϴѣ֪Ǽλļ壬ܹѲ˾ڼΣҶһЦ
Ҷ浱вĵȴЩҲסˣ浱ŴģѲ˾Ĵ˾죬ɲҶ棡
ԣҶȥһƣ


1760 ԭ
Ҷ۵С۵Ŀ˰죬գսЩǷϵԭء
ҶԣڶȨͨȷʵźܴӰȴܹзµ˶
ҪǣսԵڶȨͨɵ˽⣬Ѳ˾ؼȫ濪ս飬ͨǻʧŻ²³
˵䲻ĻͨɴȨϺһֺõ飬ɲȥ
̨һ˭մһȵ飬ͨͨȨǾԲġ
Ҷ棬Ҷ沢Ѳ˾Ĵ˾죬Ѳ˾Ѿսи߲ˣʵ
Ҷ漸仰¶ϯĮһظ괫СǻԴͷһݣɱе鷳Ҳͽˡ
ºƸ
˵ţϯĮ׹¶
һ˼һ£ҡͷ
Ҷ볤ֹϵͬһ㣬սǿ׽ȥ
Ѳ˾ѲʹսڣѲ˾ǾԲưոݣ
ͬһɲǣӦϯĮ͸¶ɱҶһЦ
ôɱڣһ˰ǿԾ
أҶһЦһָĵԼǰҶ棬˲Ϣͻޡ
һɲǣһҶ棬˱ǰ
ñϯĮɫ䡣
ˣҶҪģʲôΣսҴ̨ͻȻһ˵
ԣսһʵˡ
ϾȨȡ
ֻʣʹŷˣһֱʲƷ
̨ȴһ̨ס
֪ҶƣΪʲôȻ˵֪Ҷ֮ΪҶֻӡһ£ʱգ֪Ҷʲô
Ϊʲô
ҪսֻӡǸҶﲻݡ
ȴɫ䣬ⲻܣܣ
Цһûô棡ɫıҶʾ£ȴһƣʱ˻Ц
ҪĶܼ򵥣ҪսֻӡһãҶ˵
һǵ󣬻ϯĮ̨鶼һɡ
˶ѣ
˶ѣ
ԣٴγһǴ̨֮࣬ǺڵҪ
ҶϾûʲôǷֵҪֻǽֻӡһ£̫ˡ
οǵֻӡġ
̨ʱ޲˺ԸŶµ졣
ҪȻǴһĺ
׶Ǳ֪ǴӦҶѲ˾ܷܲս߲˵Ĳ죿ѯʵ
⣬Ҳؼġ
һ㣬ԣҶĻñٴδϲҶĻȴǫ̂˴󼱡
ԣҲܱ֤ȫҶ油˵
ȫ㵽ʲô˼̨ЩżͲôˣҶ۾һһɣ̨ʱһæһҶʹ˵𣿡
ֱӵ˵鵽Ǵһͨ塢ͨħȴǲܵûһġҶ˵
ǡѲ˾ǫ̂
򵥣׶ҴܵĵߣߣԴᷢ䣡ҿԲǣ
£Ҷ֮ǰ˾Ԥˡ
ԣ̨Щʧ񣬡ô˵ܴǲ޷
Ҷ˵ͷ
ʧ֮󣬴̨Ȼ̧ͷҲǿԽܵġ
̨ͬҶ˵
ϵǱҲһ΢ģѲ˾ԵûɿԭλϣֻҪϲͿԡ
һģѲ˾һֻ۱һֻۣϲ֮ȥְ񼫵׮ϵӦ顣
ϵĴ÷һֻ׶񣬵ǣ
ս߲֮£ԭͬ
ֻ𣿡Ц
ĵߣҶ˵
ʵҶ˵ԭʱ򣬱Ѿˡ
ΪҪȥҵһȨͨɰæͨȨԲԹۣȴҶ෴
ͨͨȨܹѹ¾µģȫǷСﲻ𣬵ЩĿ𣬷ͨɴȨѹġ
ĻǿԽܣ֪Ҷսֻӡã
գ֪ѡǿӲϯĮ棬Ҳһ
һ꣡
ʲô
һ꣬ûɣ
ǵ󣬻ҴϯĮ̨ɵˡ
Ҷԭֻֻӡʮ죬ôڳһꣿ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ⲻܣһʱ̫ˣԲܣ󾪵
ޣǰǵ˼û̸ˣȻû̸Ҿˣٿǿǣ
Ѳ˾ǱߵĶɲͣģ
˵꣬Ҷƨɾˡ
ǫ̂б󶼼ˡ
ϾҶĽǸԵļӰС
һҧæһ̫ˣԲܣʮֻܹ꣡ӡʮ꣡
ʮ굽ܲҶ棬ȴҶ仰֮תȻűȻ
ðɣʮʮ꣬ҲǿԽܵģ
ԣˣڵģǹңҶĶ˰
˵ʮ꣬һ궼̸
̫ɶˣ


1761 ˮ֮ս
Ҷսŵĵ졣
ûãиļļ˾ǰսſڿ֣뿴սǲǻͷڹꡣ
ȻҲΪҶÿǸ齱СϷ
ҶṩĽƷֵһ㣬Ҳµģãܻ쵽һϲ
ҪǣǸ齱СϷ˼ģǿ﷦ζĿĴһȤ
Щ˾ϵģһҶ棬ȻûаʱսĴš
˵ǣûãŵһ˳ƺŵҶ棬ٴγսĴſڡ
һһ㣬ǺսսǰĹ㳡ϣֻСʱѡ
뿴ֵڶ˾ͷһɣ컹ֿɿ
ǣ˶ûϵҶ˿ʵոմսĵڳˡ
ûκҶս죬ֿʼ˼սɽա
ЩĵҶǰֵļ˾ƨһļţһһֱڿ޵ļ˾ǾΪˣѡ
һּ˾˶࣬С̯׬ʯ
һת۵ʱ䣬Ϳʱˣ۽ļ˾ҲԽԽࡣ
ΪЩ죬Ҷÿ춼ʱҽеһγ齱СϷʱңļ˾ġ
ڽг齱СϷ֮ǰҶ滹ҪŽյս
ҶĽ˷ֵļ˾ǣû⣬ΪԼǰսϯĮֹ»ȥ֮սĴţûڰ쿪
죬Ҷ֮ʱսĴžͿˡ
ȳŵģսҴ̨̨󣬸սһ¼һλܣᵶļ˾ۡ
ս¼еһ
ϾϳֵֶĿ˾ϳϳΧ۵ļ˾ǣȴû⡣
Ȼ˵˾ս¼֮Уսڶ˾䶼Ѿս긽ˣʤҶ档
һ¼ȻҲʤҶġ
Χ۵ļ˾ǣΪս¼һ˳ӦսҶ棬Ҳûκ
ԣǰӦսҶ֮ʱû⡣
˵עûתƹġ
ϾҶսʽ̫ȤЩƾٶȰ
Ǵļ˾ҶӰ
ڵΪֹӮ̿ڶû˸ҿ
Ϊŵ鰡û
˭̿˭
ս¼ͽ̣һأǰֶ΢΢һܣһԲػĻȴǰеսȴǱɱ
ɱ죬ûĿ⡣
עĽͿḶ́˭Ը࿴
ӦսҶȻܾҶ飬ȴмġ
Ҷ棬룡
롯ֳڵɲǣҶսһ㣬һʹʧ
ȻҶٶȼ죬ǱܵĸӦһͬѰϢӲϮ
Ǳܷһ㣬ֶ˳ƺݺݵࡣ
飡
ʵĺȻ
⼤ޱȵĶЩĵļ˾ǲɵûͷ˽ս˫֡
󣬸һľ㵣
Ϊǻͷ˲䣬ͿҶ汻ս¼һһҵõɶ
һܣƴҶǶߵķһ㣬ֱӵɳǧײأʱ˼
һܣôǿ
ǽս±Ƶ޷ŵһҶ
ʵƺһ㰡
ɻɻһ׷
ҲڴʱոصҶ棬еɽʧȻһֵ
ս¼һˣȻ鴫Ҷĳˣķڷ

׷Ǳ˶ס˺һ㣬İζ˵
մػٷأǵȴսһ磬սѾѪƴ׼
ȼվѪԴʵ׼¾ǲϧһдۣҲҪսϴˢ衣
뷨УһսʮĶս
ʵǣӮȴޱɣûйֻǷһ£Ӯˡ
ֱӮĪ
˷Χ۵ļ˾ҲɵˣǷֻĽļ˾ǣҶֱɵˡ
æΧļ˾ѯʵ׷ʲô飬Žսô£һҶôôˣ
ǣĿת綢ſļ˾ǣҲûŪôһ¡
ստʼҶˡ
Ŀע£Ҷ߸սֵһ潫ߵսٳɷɻҡ
һߺһ˵һսҶĳŷ֣սиֵģ˵
Ҷĳˣλڣ
һս컯ɷɻ֮ҶڼȴѾʧˡ
ֻӮĪĿĿֵļ˾ǡ
ӣϷҲϺúõݣⲻŷˮֻҪɵӣܹǹˮ
սڣϯĮһĲˬ
ҲǿЦһ̨£Ҳ㲻ˣҶʵʱԽˮĺۼԽԣ
ԣսϯĮɵó̾һ
ģ
սΨһսʤҶһĿɲף۲νǲ
ǰҶ̸ʱҶĶ񵱣ӦֻӡķҶʮ֮á
ʮ갡
ʮ֮Уֻӡֻȥһ꣬׬ƷʯҲǧơ
ǺεӴһʲƸ
ȴȴǰװ׽Ҷ棬ʧֱ޷
ƣҶߵѲ˾սҪ
ټϵ鼱֮һ仰ͽսĵҲ¶˳ӦҲôӦ
֮£սˣһ
սʧ޴󣬿ν˫ʧһ棬սͲ˵ˣֻӡķһƷʯ
ֻӡķɲ˵ŪܹŪġ
ôһ棬ҶҪսһ㲹ء
ôأ
ҶˮսӦս¼Ҳи̨¡
˷ŵһĻ
Ҷν
һϷѣǾݰɡ
ͷҶҲ
һʯѾͽսֻӡʮ꣬ôĺôʧһҶûɶôҶ⡣
Ҫֻ֪ӡãѹ֮⣬Ҫδĥ꣬ĥ꣬
ֻӡķȻֻǷòֻӡ壬ǷƷ鱦ܡ
Ҫ֪սΪֻӡķͶ˺Ĳĵرֻӡķ
ȻȻֻӡķҲȥ
ЩԪǿߣͻ֮ǰΪܹ˳Ԫ飬Ҫֻӡķĥꡣ
Ϊѵԭ򣬴üʱ䣬궼ܺ
Ҷȴһʮ꣬ûһ㻨ѡ
ôж
ʱռ䣬Ǻôֱ
ҶߣõʵƨˣǷӦսһ¼ȴǳɫ
ɵҲʱҶˮˡ
һ߶ԣֱǳ裡
ȵҪѿ
ȴ֪սİţ
ͬҴ̨ȴæսý֦
뿪ʱ򣬴̨һ䳡滰λսӭλǰսʲôˣսնὫܶ飡

ЩӦļ˾ǣ׷׳Ū
ֻҪˣܿóһսҶˮˡ
ҶˮԭȻ֪ܹµóһ
ҶһߣΧս㳡˷˾Ȼʹ½½ɢȥˡ
˾뿪ʱȴżֲᡣ
һ
ǵ뿪սһ¼ҶϢͻٵĴΪսһ档


1762 ϶
ڣҶ볤ֹڶŸոյûõֻӡ
һΣɽսӿˣһʯûʮ꣬ôӡ
Ҷ浽ֵֻӡֹһЦ⡣
ֻӡͨʺɫڵƹҫ£Ҳ޹⣬Ϣȴԡ
һַͬһϢ
ǺıҲǺιִ̹Ǻ䣬䡣
ֻҪһۣͷ·ڵⶼ䣬˱ܵĲǿ־塣
Ƕϱߵ¸ӵ·ˣһֶʬɽѪĸо
ⶫҲϲ
һᣬֹĿֻӡƿһ˿
ҶȴʧЦһκʱ¶᲻
ΪֻӡĳǴǧʬɽѪ֮۳ġ
ӡУΪֻӡˣǸоֲһˡ
糤ֹԣҶոսڽӴֻӡ֮ʱҲֹͬһϲ⡣
ӡѾ£ûоˡ
Ҷӡȴʱġ
ҶֻͨѲ˾вս˽ֻӡʮ֮Լӵֻӡ
ңһʱ䵽ˣս˺ԼֻҪԴ߶ֻӡ壬ֻӡںδ˲Ҷȥع鱾塣
ȻҶţʱ˵ʮ֮ڣֻҪ˾Ԥ̨սǲҲ̨˺Լġ
죬ҽڵڱչǱޣֱͻƵҶ˵
İɣ⼸죬Ͱͻưɣû˴ġֹ˵
֮Ҷ͵ִľڡ
ΪҶڣһ䴦ƫġ
ƫ鷿ҡҵһӦȫ
Ҷھܱ߲ؾ䷨֮һһӰھ֮Ҷıƾʧ
ҶôΪ˷ֹΪ˱סܡ
Ҷһͻƣͻơ
һڸӵİȫʱ죬Ҷ滹Ϊֻӡ󻯡
ֻӡҪѹĥ꣬ĥһãһַΧԵĳ
ֻҪ߶ֻӡĥһãͻγһΧǽΧߵֻ꣬ܵӡĥӰ졣
ҶҪֻӡãʥʦηɰס͡ǧ̡Сè;ͷ棬ԼһҶĿ޼˾ĥꡣ
ʥСèͷЩ壬Ƕ̰壬ֻӡĥ£Իͻͽ
޴ǵս쭡
Ҷصģȴǿ޼˾
Ĺսԣ˾ǵļӳҪȡڼ˾ǵ
ҶĿ޼˾ʹ̴ӳսһޱȵļᶨ
ΨһӰ죬Ǿ
ǵܹȵЩ޼˾սļӳ֮ȵ
ټʱ֮Ҷֻ֮д߶ֻӡһ³ͷ൱ڱ˿һꡣ
Ƿǳɹ۵ġ
ҲҶսֻӡʮĸԭ
ֻӡҶߵ˵ʵԵ
ϧǣֻӡϾֻǷĥ÷Χֻһ﷽ԲԽģĥԽԡ
һ֮Ҷ潫ʥʦηɰסСèͷȺĵԼܱߣٿ޼˾ǰΧ
ͬһɲǣҶ潫ֻӡʱֻӡط𣬸Ҷͷ֮ʣһȦĺڵĹ⻪ˮһɢ
ҶܱģΪԵ͵Ĵ䣬оͷ棬ʱֳʹ֮ɫ
һҶͽ;ͷƵԶһĵط
֮ҶȴǴ߶ֻӡĳҶ鸮֮С
鸮ɲǣһޱѹֵĸоشҶ鸮Ҷоʶоתٶȶĸ֪һ˲½ɡ
Ҷͷһϲѹԣ
Ҷȴڳ߶ֻӡѹ֮ΪҪѹĳңſԳͻơ
ͬһʱ䣬һȨͨٴټս
ô£ҶΪηˮթܣ֮ʲôЭ飿ͨһ
һϣ󲻸ʵشֻӡѾҶһºг
ʮ꣡
ҲܹӦ
ǻǡǡ
֪ʵͨȨޱȵŭͲûָűıŭˡ
ܵвΪʲôϷ򣿡
ΪʲôϷΪϷǸ𣿰
ͨɴȨŭţţΪ£Ͽսɹѹأ߲ڣ˵ģȴͨɡ
ڶȨֲͨסµķֵ޷Ͷ
һǳźţ
ЦţȨ֪ȨҶ붯ؼѲ˾ץս߲ǧ֤ǧ
ȫĴȨܹȫ𣿡
⡭ͨȻ
ȫִ޷¡
Ȩһսһ˵ȣ˵꣬뿪ˡ
ͨȴǴסˡ
϶
µĸ
սȨ˼϶
պ󡭡
һɲǣͨɵȴǸӵŭ
һʱ֮ԶڼǧѲݳǣѲҴһϲѲϴǧţ
ˣˣҶձƵսòˣѾõֻӡϲ
У̽ԣֹҶ濪ʼչأκ˲ôţֵ
ԣѲϴǧŵ˵ͷ
ܺãȻˣôƣǵļƻʵʩˣ
ţжָӣϴǧ˵
ȥ죡һȻһΣһҶŶ𣡡


1763 ɽ
ܽ߰ʮʮʱݶˮϲƽɽŴĸù֮˯£ƽɽͳ׵İ˳˯
żΪ˯ƽɽ˼ְ
ʮһӰȴϢǱƽɽ

ǰǸƼҵľƱԼԺʿǳеƣԼΨһһҿջϰ壬Ŀһˡ
ˣпǵڶ·Ѳʹƽɽϵİڡһ飬ȫµѹԸ
ǣ
ڶ֮ˣǺֵס򲻿ɴ⣡һκηѶĻᣡһҪϢ
ǣ
ںע£ʮһ飬ɿʧڰޱȵƽɽ
Ϣ֮һϢƽɽһš
Ҳһţոէ־Ѹʧ
էŵϢú͵ظһ˿ŭô˱¶Ϣ
ŭŭȴʱ˰УڰУӥһɨƽɽ
һκ˱ǵǿߵϢѣͻʱĨɱ
ҵǣǵϢէţȴûƽɽߵע⡣
ңƽɽߣΪ󶼲ߡ
Ϣ֮󣬸ղ뿪ʮ½أһ챨֮󣬾ͺ˺
صĺˣȴЩ̿֡
ֻǱ첻Ŀһɨ˾ͺðڵء
ˣ²Сģû뵽ǸʿֻͨΪӣȴһصߣ²ѶȫһΡ
ɭĿһĵ˵ͷҲ³򣬵Ĺأ֪ģֻʽʹ̣
֮Լȥɣ
˵Ǻ鷴һɣл˴ᷢ䡣
ɾˣ
ˣɾˣǼլˣҲȫɾˡ
ãǾͷźŰɣ
һɲǣһӦ֮ʣ˦һг⣬Խնȥ

Ϣ֮ʮһ˾ʱһʧӰ١
ʧӲԶǵضĳɷͽƽɽĹྪÿ
ֲƽɽ˯İա
ǣǣӭӵȴǳǧٹ׶ޱȵħӡ
йħħ˫ͷħ壬Щħ壬һߴޱȣЩսһۣͱˡ
˵Щħ屬սǳľˣͷ˫ͷħ壬ľȻǽϢ
ɱ
һ浹ײɱ
ʱ䲻ǧ˾סС򣬾Ѫɺӣǲʬϱۡ
ƽ򣬽ɱ
һħЦһԺӲĲ˽ѣħĿСԺˣӺһԶŮæҵ˲˽֮УȻʹԺŭħɱ
Ӿͨũˮ׼һƾͱħԴڣ׼ò˽Ů˺һԶͯ
֮£ŮͶͯóһ㣬ħԡ
̤Ժ֮ʣʧĺ죬ͻȻ֣ǰ
ħʱǺʾһƣħŭ
Ķֵ֧ħ˫ͷħͷ졣
ʲô˼ǲ˵ǿ⹥űʲô
ǵҪǲùǵİžǡޱ˵
ӣϣ˫ͷħͷиһ˿
Ǳ룡
ǿһΣǲԶƬϵĻ
в˫ͷħͷʢһ仰ȴ˫ͷħе׹ɢ
Ȼǹ˵ĵһĿ꣡ļڣÿһ춼ܹĴͣ첹
ԣ˫ͷħһžͽħ˸ͷǵģ
Ϣ֮󣬵ƽɽҲһҽ֮ƽɽȼڴ
Ǻȴٴγ˫ͷħǰ˫ͷħ棬ȡһѽۡ
ȫߣǵ˻ۣȥһĿ꣡
ۣ˫ͷħʱ̰֮⣬ǱһлڲۣԼ
ܣ
ҡҡͷӡͷģֻҪ߶۵ļ۵ĺķ󣬾ͻ˲ϢԱ
ңҲʶ·Ҳ
գں˵£˫ͷħһǧԵĻѪħʿ̤ۡ
Ϣ֮۷·һһ𣬷Զ
ڴܣߵĿ߾ݿճ֣̫ˡ
ͨ£۵ĶǴܳɽƵʿԣû˻Ҳû˸
㿴ˣҲΪǴܾڵ
ˣ뵽еۣȻŴĲֵܳħӡ
۷Զ֮ǰʮٴγں
ϸһ飬ûвĿܿĻڡ
һɲǣʮλϱˮкһ㣬ɢƽɽ˷
ûУˣ
ûлڣ
ûУ
ˣǰߵĲ˽ϢҪҪǰȥһնɱơ
ã
Ȼ˷Уȴһ˿ɻ
£վҪ࣬ƣָ֤ħˡ
Ҳֻܽڶ·ȥѲжд̣
ڻһܹĿǰѲҴµٵ
ֹ۲ԼĪϢĹ򣬺٣óһҸСɵۡ
ۣȥһط
СɵۣԱȸղ뿪۸ٶȣʧҹɫС
Ļ⾪˸ׯˣƽǸʮԶŵѪζЩƽû˸
ֱеĴδӼ㱻ƽĲŵˡ
˵Ż
֮󣬵õϢϲξͷ󺹵ĴϹ
һѾ֮˾ϲֵһ˽﷢ɪɪŮ˺Ͷͯ
ȳɲǣŮ˾ͼ
ħ壡
ħ壡
ħ֣ޱȵѿ
ȷ֮ȡһݿڹӰ֮󣬴Ҵҷسǣٶ㱨¡
ǣݳڵ׽𽭣ʱȴѾס
һĹѾյݼѶ
ݸӣһҹ֮䱻¾һգӽƽգȫɱ⡣
ӵҴߣһƶù
ҪǣӵҴߡսۼָħ塣
ħ֣
ǳɽƵħ֣
ģ
ϸѲڶ·ѲʹģǸʲôԵģħӾȻܹɽƵ֣ǶϹ
ǲħĴݳǣǲܷ֣
ݣҶѲѲڶ·Ͻ
У¹شϷĸѲţͨ£ѲʲôԵģ
ƽհһҹ֮ȫ˰
⣬ϽرѲ˾ñݲܱѲѲڶ·֮𣡡
⣬Ϸ׼һۣϷҪѲڶ·ѲʹҶʬλزͣȻħӳɽƵǱ롣
ϷҪѲϴǧ²ϣ⣬еӰΪ֤ݷ棡
˵׽һԴˣĸڶ·Ѳʹ죬ޣһ֮ҳֵħμ
ҪȻ٣ǱϷ


1764 ļƻ
ħӳɽ£ǲ˳һ̵ʱ䴫˸йְȨš
żļֱͬѩƬһ㡣
λݳǵѲڣ̶̰ʱڣյ˽ٷѯʡħӳɽһµĹġ
յЩ֮ѲϴǧȴЦǺǵģûһ˿һļС
˹Ĵǽ˽֮ʮݣȻӸѲ³ؾɽ
ЩԸŵĹģתڶ·ѲʹԼ
⣬Ѳ壬Ҷǵڶ·Ѳʹ֮ڣҳֵħӵ٣ṩ߾ٽ
ʧڣԾ۴˵⼸ֵʱѲϴǧЦ
ǣȥ죡Ѳ³شһɫ
⣬ջ˵¹شѲŽɳѲʮ̽Эڶ·Ѳʹɽֵħӡϴǧٴ
Ѳ³ؾɽ΢΢һˣҪô˹ȥæ
̬
һ̬𣿡
֮䣬ûֱͨϹŲɳȥշתȥҲҪʱ䡣
󣬲ֵħܲҵҶʵˣңǿ´ĴϴǧЦ
˸ȥ졣ؾɽɿȥ
뿪ĳؾɽϴǧ¶˼顣
ؾɽҪЩʤҳϣҪȻԳؾɽôܹѲµλôá
ؾɽԶȥ֮ѲϴǧԼķ˲㷨֮Сȡĸеĸݡ
ѲǸ鱨Ȼһ֮Ӿ⴫ĸݵ
ЩѲҲϴڲϧһд۵Ѱĸݡ
˵Ŭ£ϴҲɹռ˺üĸݣؼʱ̾ͻá
һεļƻޱȵĹؼΪϴǧŵ٣һֱһöѲϴǧʱϵĸݡ
ĸݷ΢⣬ٵʹĸ
ˣһкָʾ
©٣ЩһǷϴǧʵ
ˣڲڵصף֮ǰѾغˣ˷ǵ١ħЩһôѾˡ˵
ǾͺáռƻУǼƻһһҪֽɳκβϴǧ˵
˷ģס
һ̸֮ϴǧŹرеĸݣ֮ɫһΣҿҶôӹһ٣
һΣǻʵ϶뻤㣬ҲûǸס㣡
ڴͬʱѩƬĹģñڶ·Ѳʹҳһš
ÿһӣһݻǳߴٵĹķĿǰµĹƣӦ
Ѳ񽫷İǼֱţôϵϴ𣿡
һͷĺˮ˭Ҳû뵽Ȼ顣
ˣ粻ϣѾϵֹֻҪϵֹ£ܹϵˡ
Ҫ찡
¿ɷͬСɣҪǸ㲻ЩˣȫҪ۴ʱ򣬿ͷС£ǿҪ˵ġİ
һֱûпڵ㣬ͻȻ˵ҪԽǹؼʱ̣Խң
ĿǰܲϵˣǱȽǵͬʱռе鱨Ĳֵħӵĺۼ
һڣڶ·Ѳʹھͷ·Ĺһ㣬˵Ŀⶼ㡣
ħ׵һص㣬ھͼϻһȦһҹʱ䣬ħӵ˶£Բᳬ
ǿһƽɽڶ򣬼ʱһʱңֱ߾ȴ
˵ʲô
˵ֵħһʱоľٶȣô·ĸʱ
ٶ㣬ֵħп˶
ҪѰķΧħľܱߵİﷶΧ㰲ŵ
ķΧǵڶ·Ѳʹ־Բİü
ַ棬а취侲Ĺ쿪ˡ
ȣĿǰа򿤱ǴӰ򿤱֮Уȡһȫͨ񾳽Уɵǧ˾ӣٶȱѲ顣
ͬʱʮͨͣչ̺ʽ
⣬ǿ붯ڱټְæټλǿߣ˿ȫߣǳǿ󡣡˵
붯ټû˵ǲɰɣ̽ţü
û£֮ǰѾ⽻ǡ˵
ԣİ˵ͷĻӦ㹻ˣǵڶ·ѲʹҲѾǸ򼯽ˡ
ǲ⣬ܽЩħѷɡξƜW˵
üͷȴǽţȴһ
Ϊʲô
ξƜWɻ֮ʣεڶ·ѲʹʹȴĿ⿴̽ͳţţͳ죬Ҫ̵ʱ֪Ϊʲô򰲲İ׮ûһͳϢ
ţһݣڵ飡ǰ̽Ĺأд·ԲӲƴҪһʱ佫鱨ͳ
ȴܱߵĽͷˣȴһѶûյйŹˡ
Ҿģһ㣬ܿħܹɽֵ֮ءٴǿ
˫˫һ´ñתԴǰµ
һӶʿۣȻնһӰӿն𣬱·ص㡣
ڣֹŹ췢򣬽ü
ҶͻƵĹؼҲ޷ϵֻܸż
ֻϣҶ̵ܹʱͻơ
ӱϢ£Ӱ̫ˡ
ͬһʱ䣬õĴ˾ԤŭϵҶ£ֱɳһӵѲԣݡ
λյǣ̵ʱЭڶ·ѲʹҶҳֵħӵ䣬ɱ
ûнͽڶ·ѲʹһȫȺ
붯֮ʣҹɫٴν٣λڱݶһСҹɫн˯֮ʣʮɫӰǱûãʧһħӣ
ҽ޺Ц˲Ϣһ˼䱯衣
ӵʱ䣬ΪůȪС򣬾ͻ˼
켫һ㣬²˴ŮԵħʿ˫ͷħĺȳ£ٴ̤ۡ
Ͼ˫ͷħҲڴܵ㣬ûЩµ˱ӻûмѹĴﲻ˶á
һһ̤۵ħӣͷһ˿⡣
Ϣ֮еħ̤ۣ۵ػʱ򣬼۵ߣ۾ͻرѪɫ
ʿ
Цţ߶͸װʯڵıҷ
ʯڵʯ֪ʱǱϢĻʯ
ɲǼ䣬ʯվͱ˱Űޱȵ⡣
ʲôյ塭
ħ˫ͷħŭޱȵܿͱʯǼʮƷʯڸǡ
ħ˫ͷħ꣬ڼʮƷǰıĿֲУ˷ɻҡ
װǧħʿۣ˲ϢͻУµģеıŴ򣬻ĪĽϢ
һĻٻĺڽĹơ
ʬ𼣣ֵħӣ׵Ĵʧˣ
һΣҶͷۣҲ޷ҳֵħӵָͷ
ļƻ


1765 ʼ¡
˵ʮʱ賿ֵƽձɽֵħ¾һգܣҶĵڶ·ѲʹݡѲѲ˾˷ͬһѹ
ôʮ賿ٴηůȪƽձɱһյĲҾ磬óҰ
ǬڣѲڶ·ѲʹҶ桢ѲϴǧšԼ˾ԤۣͬѩƬһ㡣
Ǹ·ʷԹٵҶ棬Ѳϴǧ۵Ҷְ֮ʼ¡²֮
˾ԤҲΣӡ
ʼ¡մŭ˾Ԥϲ¡
ҪǣӶȫ¼ݸغܱĻ̡̻
ݸ͸׷طӵӣǻ̿ޱȡ
Ѳ˾ޱȾ޴ѹ
ѹ¾Ǵ˾ԤҲͦס
󣬴˾ԤֱԽѲѲڶ·Ѳʹ·Ƶľ
죡
ڶ·ѲʹҶҵֵĳɽƵħӣפħӡ
򣬾£
һ¾ĸ֡
ν£ָ£еǷϻ
֮˵Ϊһɷ
ʣҶı͵ҪɵĹҪϼ죬Ҳʧڡ
˳𼸾߷ٽ͵Ľһ¾Ͷˡ
ʧնն¾䣬һſۡ
ҶĿǰֵܵħ£Ѳ˾ڲǵһҲôҶͻᱻ˾Ԥ߳
ڶҲͻᷣٺ»ֻ𣬵ҲܻӶְ
ͽᡣ
Ǿأ
겻ָľȣ߿ɵնʾڡ
ҶںߣɣõĻҶһˣڶ·ѲʹͷĿᱻá
˵ѲϴǧǰǷƵ˿ԽҶӵڶ·Ѳʹλϸߣµ̲
ô˾ԤͿԽڶ·ѲʹҶµͷĿȫ¡
֮ǲɣͻὫҶ桢㡢졢İŶЩҪְȫն
񣬵ӵɴ˾ԤǩľʱѹǺεȵĴ
Ŀǰģȫе׷ɱͬʱʹ뷨ϵҶ档
Ҳӵݾʱػʹڣʼ¡Ŀˮ
ڼܹ㳯ӣκεĶ
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ջ߷ͻ¼ĵһ£Ƿʾϣеİ̽һϢҷʾ
ȴûһ˷ȫˡ
ħֵĽǰΧסڶʱΧߡħٶٿ죬Щ̽ҲųķѶʱ䡣
ȴһûУħ֣ûκαѵĿԣȴ˹
£ֻһƶϣǵڶ·Ѳʹİ̽ȿˡ
ұͬͨ˵֣׼ȷޱȵ֪ڶ·Ѳʹİ֣̽ⲻһܹ쵽ġ˾Ԥ
˵ϴǧţ
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ң˴ͻ¼ҲǳҶչͻʱġԤ˵
Ҷ滹ڱչأʼ¡ʵ
ûʮհʼչأʮվͳˡԤһĿЦ
һ£ʼ¡Ȼϴǧ޵ֿս֣ô޾ؼѲ˾ȫҶɹһεѹ
£ūؼ࣬ԵǹԱЩС֣֮ڣūԵǧ̽ݣѰħ䡣ڼܹ㳯˵
ܺãѲ˾Ҳһʼ¡Ŀ⿴˴˾ԤҶѵһŶӡ
һγ⣬ϴǧŴⲲ֣ôۻ˭ᱻϴǧŸ㡣
£ս֮
ԤһΣ㽫صɹ֮һ
֮һ
Ŀô˾Ԥһ
ռ书ǳʮѲԣҲͳϰٸѲ񽫣һٸѲУܹͻƳΪģ˾һ
ǳ١
ǴѲ˾ʮˡ
ʮͻƣҲܿɹˡ
Ŀǰصɹȥ֮һ˵һǧǧڵħӿɱΪλħӣҲɱ
ּ˾Ԥϸԥ֮ɫ
лֱ˵ʼ¡˵
£ϴǧΪôԳϴǧŵ˽⣬ǾԲҶ淭̵ĻģԤ˵
ʲô˼˵ʼ¡üͷһ塣
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һʼ¡ɫ䣬˵ٶ˹ȥҲҲֵ֧ħӵټ𣿡
ʮа˾ţϴǧ³֮ɱһ֧ħӣƾϴѲɰ쵽¡Ԥһѿ
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βźһޱƵô˵һΣޣ𡢴֮ҲסҶˣ
˾ԤһȻûҽʼ¡Ļ磬˼ȴޱȵס
һΣıסҶˡ
ΪӵϴǧŸˡ
ûа취𡭡
˵ʵʼ¡Ҷ滹ǺܿصģҶõĺ˳֣Ҷʵ顣
ֹ׿סһŭǳҪһ̯ӡ
£Ҳûӡһֱûڵڼܹ㳯ͻؿڡ
콲ʼ¡ߵ
£·֮ǰ·֮ʣҶ涼Ѿʼչͻƣڶ·Ѳʹи˸ʹ
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õڶ·Ѳʹһڸʹְ٣Ҷ棿
ܵλ𣬺ĳ̾һ£Ǻܱ
Ҳֻôˡɵ˫¡ݵԮɹȥûϣͷ̵Ļᡣ
ͬʱȥҶıչشţչʱһ㣬ͬʱ֪޵ľԱ磬˧֮٣


1766 
ڣֹվҶչصľǰָʴһʵָǳֹڵһ㣬е˼㡣
ϵҶ棬ֻϵ֪Ҷĳֹ
Ƿʮ𼱵żسе飬ֹˣҲ֪ˡ
ԳֹļʶȻʲô
Ǻ˵жؾжء
ǣֻӡѹ֮Ҷ޷յκϢģҶ
ֻ߱Ҷ档
ֵҶͻƵĹؼʱ̣Ҷ棬ǺҲǼء
Ϊ䣬߻ħ걾Դܴ
ԣ³ֹ̬Ѿص˺εȵĳ̶ȣɲҲܱҶ档
Ҳǳֹޱȵľ֮
ǿлҶ棬Ǻ̫ء
ǿлҶ棬ͬޱȵأ˾ľǿǻῳԴġ
ʱѡѵġ
ֹޱȾʱ򣬳ֹշһţΪҴ¥˳ֹ
ˣ˴ˡ
Ϣ֮һЩƷ׵̫ڴΰݳֹ֮ǵһܵĽ˼䡣
ѵҲ𡭡ֹһȻԾ
̫Ȼ˵Ļ⣬ūŹֻǸ´˵Ǳµ˼
⣬ڻ⽻ūת湫£Ҷ˱չؽһҪ˵ҶԱ״Ƕչһʱ䡣
ҲҶĿǰΨһ·
Ψһ·
ֹЩʧ
Ѳβ󲻵һ£ֹ˽ģǳֹȴû뵽Ѳȴܽʼ¡Ƶ̶ȣӶסò˧İϷ
ҲͬʱڣҶʶڣһ߲ʹ⻪Ե鹬ȵ鶯ѡ
ɢϢֻӡͣҶ鹬м䣬ѹҶ
ҶѾʱˣ죬ھ൱ڶʮʱ䡣
ʮʱڣҶǽԼ״̬۷壬Ȼ󻺻Ĵ߶ֻӡѹ
Ҷ㽫ԪѹĳɣŶͻơ
ѹĳɣҶٶҲӦıˡ
ò˵ôļʶ뽨ķǳЧ
ֻӡȷʵܹҶĿǰ޷ͻƵ⡣
ѹĳ֮Ҷͺ׵鹬
ɣȴҶѾ˳ͻˡ
ֻҶڳ׵ķſֻӡѹ֮󣬸ոɵ鹬ҶԪܳ²ҶͻƵ
ǷſԪѹ֮ٴαǻͻʧܡ
ʱ򣬲ͻƻʧܣҶ滹Ԫˡ
ϴɽʱȴ˳һ䡣
֮ҶòҪæϽֻӡԪѹ
ǼѹԪ飬һЩʱգǿ
ֻӡԪѹ֮ʱٻѹ֮ڼϸ۲죬вȣٴμǿԪѹٴֻӡѹ֮ΪǿֱԳ׵ĳסԪѹ
˿̣Ҷôġ
鹬ɣҶûнֻӡԸԪѹֻӡѹ
ʵϣĵ죬ҶѾ鹬
ӵ쵽ڣҶѾʮ죬ոûõ鹬ޱȵȹ̡
ҶΪҲȶһسڣʼһ
Ԫѹĳɵ£ҶƷ鵤ٶȣһ
ԣЩУÿ죬ҶͷǳСĵĴ߶ֻӡͶԪѹ֮һɡ
Ϊٶ֮⣬ҲΪ˳׵ͻƵ
˵ǣʮֻӡĿǰԪѹѾһɣޱȵȶ
ھǰεĳʧ֮ҶһηСġ
ֻӡԪһѹҶڶһʱ֮н
Ҷļƻʮ졣
ҶɫԪ黹ʹõƷ鵤ٶȱߵ屶ϡ
ټÿһˮlΪҶƵ񵤣һֻҪʱȴ൱߿Ч
֮Ҷһ죬졣
ԣҶֻƻʮ죬ȴ൱߿Ч
ο⻹ҶЧ
Ҷʮ죬ֻһʱѡ
֮ҶһЧ൱ʮЧ
ҶڵЧͨߵʮ
Ȼ⻹ʱ֮ӰԭҪȻβҲĿš
νɽصָһӼ䡣
˵ǿʮʱˡ
ת˲ţҶĸоУ鹬ȴֱȸʱǿ˽һϣѾޱȵȹ̡
ҶоҪٿ࣬ôΪͻƵһڣͲԶˡ
Ҷȴǹű飬֪ϴǧŻʲôʱѡ
ȻǧշҶڿޣչ뱱̫Զˣʲôͻ¼޷ʱӦԡ
ԣҶļƻֻڳ׽ֻӡԪѹ֮鹬ιԪ֮ͻ֮
Ҷͻ̵ʱ䷵ر
ǿޣҶҲڱڿޣǶлǱֻˮʲôͻ¼̵ʱڴ
ԣ˿Ҷڻ߶ֻӡ׵ĽԪѹ
ǱѹƵһɵԪܣıͷųǿϢں֮ʣһҶ鹬
Ҷ鹬ʱʯһ㣬紵İΡȻ
ֻӡѹ֮ɢ֮Ҷ汻׷ſԪ飬ε괥ֳ鹬ʵҺһ
һǰδеǿУسҶͷ

˵Ԫ׵Ľһ
ʱӵѸ٣һԽȫע뵽Ǻ鱦֮󣬱ȫһ
ֱ۵˵ΪͻƵ֮ҶԪĵٶȣɱɱսȻҲˡ
˵ͻƵ֮ҶٴʩչԴ羫ķʱٶȵޣٴؿ
ڡͻˣ
һǰδеɣҶһ뿪飬߶䣬Ҷı޷ת
Ҷ滺׼ɢǰµľ䷨
ҲһɲǣҶһ䣬ҶӦ˳ֹ
⣬ֹ֣
˾Ԥ·ʱֹȥһ졣
ֻһ죬磬ȴǷƱãյ˾ıְ٣Ƿһ㣬̺ʽƽѰħټ֮࣬ҲͣķֹϵҶ档
ֹȻû٣ʱѹҲޱȾ޴
ӦϢ˱仯֮ʣֹһͿҶӾ̤
Ҷ磬ͻˣ
ʲôˣֹҶͬʱ


1767 һ
ֹԺٶȣҶչͻ췢ͻ¼˵һ顣
Ȼ⼸յԱʮ𼱵ţһԵĽҶ档
Ҷ飬˲Ϣޱȡ
򱨣ҶϾͿƶϳʮа˾ŸѲϴǧйء
ɽƵħ֣
ʲôЦ˵ǽ꣬ǽǧ궼ûзĶ¼
ħЩǿĸ壬ͨͨطȷʵпǱ뵽ܸء
ȴʮޡ
ǱܸأҲСļβˣвͻᱻμ
浱޴ڵѲ˾ǳԸɷİ
ڣһǧǧħӳɽƵ֣ĸӣȴûκξѶҲûκһĿõֵ֧ħӡ
飬̫ˡ
£ѹûʲôܡ
Ϊصݣǿħؽ硢ħսľݣħķΪӣܱܼפı߾ɲǰ衣
ƾͨطǱһħпܣǳɽƵ֣׺ʱһٴ׵ġ
û˵İæܡ
ٿħɽĸȫҶĵڶ·ѲʹϽݡ
ʱص㡢ȫҶ棬µı˵ûϴǧŵĲ룬Ҷ涼š
ò˵ѲϴǧѡһǡʱȻҶչͻƵʱѣһȷʵޱȡ
ô˵˾ԤеѾһ죬ֻʱˡҶüͷ
û
ֹ˵ͷҶ磬طرҲҪʱ䡣ǸϻȥҲûʱˣѾ˾ޣֻ˳ƽ¡
£Ѿûз̵ϣ
Ҷ͵̧ͷǲ֮ɫһлᣡ
ʱڣҿԶѲ˾ȨҪõϹŲ󣬽ʱرգͨС
Ҳò˰ʱҾͿֱӵִﺣԭϹŲȻСèĸϹȥ
һ죡
ֻҪһʱҾִܵﱱһһʱ䣡
Ҷ磬ܹȡһʱ䣬֡
֣ˡ˵ţҶһ뿪
ֹȴӰεҶǰ
Ҷ磬˵ܹ꣬ȡһʱ䣬Ҳûз̵Ŀˡ
ΪʲôҶ͵ػͷʵ
Ϊ˾Ԥ͸ʵƶϣ±ѲϴǧŵӰӣôɽֵħӣѾʧˡ
ңһ֮ǰѾ˾ܹܵߴ̽ǰѰħټ
ƶޱǿɹȥ
ǵڣһȥˣ˵ǷħɽƵľӣһ˿ħϢûз֡
ǵƶϣѾʵˡֹ˵
ɹȥ
֣Ҷ浹һ
Կóһʼ¡˾Ԥ뱣
糤ֹԣĿǰ̵ĿԣѾǳСˡ
ǵġ
ˣҶ磬ʺʹ˾ԤΨһһԱİ취һҪִСֹ˵
ʲô취ҶЩ档
˧
óֹϸ˵ĸֳڣҶ֪ʺʹ˾Ԥİ취ϸˡ
ʺʹ˾ǣϣҶȥչȻ׼һԱ飬˵չͻƿģ˾ɵġ
ν֪߲ҴܵĹԱչͻƵġ
ܣ
֣Ҷ˵նһ˵һߡ
Ҷ棬ϧ಻ǾԲὫȫжԼֵϹ͵
Ҷնóֹסˣһ£æǰסҶ棬ȥܲܲȥһȥǡ
Ҷĳֱֹȥɣǣģ²Ϊһһ絣֮ǾԲִУ
ǣ
ֹȰҶ棬ҶΣȴѾѸһڿʼÿһɲǶޱȵ
ȥҶ棬ֹ鶸رüޱȡ
ִһѶҴҽһֹһƾʧ
Ϣ֮󣬷ƾʧĳֹѾҶࡣ
Ҷһôˣ
㵽Ҿ͸ֹ塣
⡭ȥңҶٴλӡ
ôңҿӵ컯֮ԶԿǿߵĸְǱߣ˵ͻõҡֹЦ
Ҳá׷ĳֹҶεͷ
ֹȴһ˿⣬֮ԸҶ棬ΪڷţͻȻ뵽һԱҶķ
Ȼ񸸻ʺʹ˾ķܹҶдɽĻᣬȴҶԽܵķʽҶ
أʵҲܼ򵥡
޵ʱѲ˾ǰҶ棬ͳǡ
ݣʵֻҪڴܣû˸ôҶ£Ҳûʲôˡ
˲ʹѵ⼸ˡ
ǳֹ뷨Ѿ⣬ǵУҶҶֵȡֵܡ
еǴܹܲĵط
һ˼·Ҷ棬ѹû뵽ֹȻΪ뷨
ųֹеݣȴ͹˳
뿪سŵʱ򣬰صĹأǶҪ顣
ҶִѲ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹƣسߣҲҪԹԽܼ顣
ǣֹߣƣЩسʿһء
󣬳ֹҶ棬˲شسţֱԭϹŲ
ͬһʱ̣ػʹڣ㳯Ҵҵʼ¡Ҷ뿪ظһ¡
ӣȻ޵Ļˣָһ·ƫƫҪ·ײ
ɹȥִֵѾ˰ɣѲ˾ִѾһ˰ɣûʲôмֵķ֣ʼ¡ٴʵ
ر£ûУĿǰûκη֣
شʼ¡ɫӵѿһ޾ıҲûа취
гѾͷȰסҶ棬ȻҲҶҷ衣ʼ¡һŭݡ
ʵ۷㳯æ£ūѾһͨݷĵָ˹ȥҶǱߣǾԲκԽ֮·ġ
ԣʼ¡ƵĻ˻֣˵Ĳôˣò״һŶӣۿžдˣȴҪ
ϣ㳯޷죬Ȼ
λڼܹܶҶľȴ͡
ҶܹҲ壬۳ֹҶûпܣóֹҶһܷġ
෴ģҶΪ˱ѡ˧Ȼ㳯ҲΪѵѡ񣬵ǣȴԲ
˺󣬾ԻﰵֹҶ볤ֹӴ
ҶߣҶѲ˾ڶ·ѲʹƣгֹĹݣԼֵơ
һǿϹŲУξٲۣҲκεѡ
ǿжһŲƣȽҶֹ͹ȥ
ûаʱ͵ִ˺ԭϹŲ
ΪѾ쭵۷СèĿǰÿʱʮļٶȣ򱱺
ʮһʱ֮СèҪ̱£Ҷ볤ִֹ˱ǡ
ǵһʱ䣬Ҷͳ˵ڶ·Ѳʹ֮С
ģҶµһɸɽŷ㡢졢ţİξƜWԼλ˧
ֻǣЩ˵飬ʱޱȵѿ˵ͻȻҶ棬ȴĹѿ


1768 
ôֵ˹ؼʱ̣ȫۼʲô˵Ѿҵ֧ɽֵħӵˣ
ֵʮʱ̣Ҷ濴ΪĸһڸɽȻȫۼڣûһ£ɵЩ
ɳҶǣһߣȻûãƜWӵĹŹֹ졣
ŹֵǣȻһ˿ڻشҶ档
ôˣһħˣưˣ˵Ҷ͵˰˶ȡ
ҶһڳڶĸݣǴ˻ǲһԣΨйֹ
죬ô£˵Ҷ
ԣЦˣǴ󲿷ˣԭڿѰֵħ䣬Ǵ˾ʹȴǼ̻תֻܻ
Źô˵ڳ˵Ŀⶼ˴
Ҷʱŷ֣ĽһֱһѲ˾Ρޱߡ
˾ʹ˾ľޣǻһ𣿸ʹΪ
ҶҶ϶϶ǰʹϡ
ʹƺҶĳ֣Ϊ⡣
˼˼ϢʹŻǴ˾ʹ˷ǰڶ·Ѳʹְ٣˾˼
˵꣬ʹɭ񶸵ɨڳҶĸɽʹѾϵǽ
ǻһʱЩ飬ϣǲҪ󡣡
ǣ
֣ǳҶ˵ģ˵꣬ʹ󲽳ţ˲ϢԶȥ
ΣĪͲ⡣
ʲôϵ
ô£ʹҪǰʲô£Ǹ˹죿죬˵ô£
ҶһϺȣһݣȻЦˣѵ֪𣿡
֪ʲôҶһɻ
ʹҪҵȡҪҵαһί״Դչǰڶ·Ѳʹȫ̸
ͬʱÿξͿشԼλ˧Ϊ֤ˡ
֣
ҶӶǵͨ졣
£ҶʱڳڶĸɽΪʲôôˡ
һֱ꣬ޱȵĹ졣
ΪΪҶΪ˱Ѿǵӣ
˷ŵĹΡ
ҶףӦǴ˾Ԥİš
ΪҶˣ
˵Ϊ⼸ϵϣǿӱΣ
Ҫô;Բڱ
ǵ۾һڱչأΪ˽ΪͻƣУҶ潫һسڵΪϢɢ
ˣͻˣһϲ
һˣôͻˣ
ҲһлǱż־衣
˾Ԥôһ㣬ĺĿɲǵڶ·Ѳʹڵְ٣䣬Ҳдݺ֮С
Ͼ˭ԸԼЧҵĴˣһλĽͳȥĴˡ
Ǵʱ뷨⣡ְеĲκ;裬ҶЩء
κˣԼ˳ǸоԲܡ˵ǣҶ棬ԲǳеȴԼ
£ĽΣΣҶһ絣֮Ҷ֣ص
һ졢ϸ֮ɫ禡ξƜWһھ˧Լţİˣһ֮ɫ
ȻǱҶһ仰ˡ
ˣ˵ûκõģ浽һ̣ǾͻῴҶԷ飬ڣûһ̣ǻҪŬΪԼСƴһѡ
ڣǵ鵽ϢܸҡҶ˵
ˣˣܳ˵ԲˡһĿڡ
٣Ҹղžʹʹ⵽ǲ˼һֱش𣬹ȻҵĲ²ûЦ
²ˣ
²

һʱ䣬ڳ˶ΪҶǸ
ϾڳĶǱˣԣֻҪҶھ޵֮ǰ˧֮پѹ޷ʵȥ
ҶͲΪ˱ˡ
һĻҶȴǰŭ
֪˾Ϊ˾ȴĵڶ·Ѳʹͱ¡
˵ʧ֪Ǹ
ֻҪǱ͵ڶ·ѲʹɹǰѹأôԺҶߵС壬ӵŽᣬӵҳϸЧ
ˣϻ˵һһɡҶٴ˵
ˣĿǰġ
̿ľ޴ľͼϣĿǰ㱨Ҷ棬ңڰǰѾϹһӴʼ
֮ЩӴҲ֪
ǣЩЩѾħӳֵһ׵صůȪܱ߶ʮﷶΧһ顣
פͱɹȥĴǾһǸΧȴûзּ۸ټ
ǽΧʮ
Ҫ֪֮ǰжϣ֧ħӵжٶһʱҡ
ůȪ֮˸ʱ
֮£֧ħӶ˶ʮ
ʮûзһ˿һħϢ
֮ǰֹתҶйش˾ԤƶϣʮֵǺϡ
ҶļȥůȪһޱȾҵĿ˲Ϣɵλǿߵ
ּôֵ֧ħӣڱϴǧ֮Ѿ˼ʧױʬˡ
ϣƶϾʹҶһ˿̵Ŀԡ
ңҶߵĸɽУҲˣżξƜW㡢ţڳļλ˧óĽۡ
Ǿǵڶ·ѲʹѾûκҵֵ֧ħӵĿˡ
Ѿûˡ
ģǵȴִо
ѵûκΰ취𣿡Ҷüͷ
ξƜWԥһ£ˣҲûУǵÿ
ô˵
硭ξƜWýͺԥʱһ֧ħӳɽƵ֣ǾͿΧߣȻ󡭡
˵ţξƜWҲЦ飬һԸѹܡ
ǲܣ˵Ҷ۾͵һ뵽һС
һǿԶɹѹصС
ͬһʱ̣ݳڣѾԸϵݳָӵѲϴǧţһһ֪õϢ֮󣬻׽𽭸ǡ
٣˾·ڶ·ѲʹҶľѾ쵽ˡҵһǰˡ
õڶ·ѲʹҶµһɷ٣ηǱӣѲٳԹ䡣ϴǧŵ׽𽭵˵
һͷӦ¹ʣһΪǱӣ½
ã
Ӧ֮䣬ѲϴǧźĵɽٶһۣӶԷпЦ⡣
ҪγҶждˣ


1769 ţ
һʱת˲
̫ɽ֮ʣҲζŴ˾ԤǩľеʱޣϾҪˡ
ǣƺд˱ó
ҹľ¥ȴǸ١
ǴСϡǿĽֵ˸ӵĶࡣ
ͨ߻ƽգȴľ۽ڸ뿴Ľô
ЩˣȫǱƽգԴħ¼ʹ÷зǵƽȻҲ֪ˡ
ȻȻģ˾ԤǵƷµľҲʲôˡ
˵ʵҶ⼸꣬չҵȡ˰ƽյĸȴֽ˺ܶࡣ
ͬʱɱ˱ˮ壬òǩ±ˮ岻ϰЭԼ˾ڵɽˮ
ִչǿѲȺƵʡ
ԭŰɽˮǱħͨͨ
̶ʱ䣬ͽһ˼̶ӶԸ̤֮չһҵٵķ֮
֮ǰ˿ڲǧ򣬵̶̼ڣ˿Ѿǧ򣬶ңűİȣܱ߸ŷƽշĵĽҵ
˵ųϵıգԸ⿴Ҷ£Ը⿴λն
ǰǰһĻ
Ҷ⼸꽫Ĳ𣿡УŴϴǧŸűڵΡ
ˣҶӣеġͷȥʮڣⱱԿԼʵϿѲҴ˵
ǣǺ°
ϴǧֺǺǵЦſ٣ǵãɫĶӣħսѾĲˣˣǶս۵ôˣ
شˣЩգҲ˲ƵսһȲӦòġٴ
һȲ
ϴǧüͷһ壬ǲ˵㣬˽ᣬϸţٻһҫޱȵսȻ⡣
ʱһ£ȡأʱҲ˴֮ʣ
һϲгϴǧŵϥ£´ӡһл˳ȫ
Ӧõģϴǧ仰ȴǳΧΧѲĸ˵ģپǰֻҪܹΪ¹ͣ˵ǾλǿԴ֮أҲΪŪ
̶̼仰ͽеѲ񽫡ѲԺͽ̼ӷ졣
ԴҵķذǿÿһʹͰ
ҵԸΪЧ
ԸΪЧ
ϴǧŰ˰֣ڣȥסֻҪˣʲôˣֻҪзһɱ⣡
ߣ
һ֣ϴǧžʹŽǧӢɱڵĴƲ֣˱
龰ʱþۼڱܱߵƽǵ
Ҳô˿̾ۼڱҶµһɸɽ׷׽
ȻʱǰǵĶͷ˾˵Ѿǲصģǻޱȡ
Ҫʵʵħ٣˵ܹģ
Ǳˣţ˹ؼʱ̣һְ٣Ȼоڸ֮ۡУѹƽʱɢˡոճ븮֮ۡеѲϴǧžͿһñӡ
һޣ⣬ҶȴʱĴ̤һʹһ˵Ѳϴǧ֮ݼ
ҵȼѲˡ
ϴǧȴĻ˻֣ǵҿܲ𡣡
Ҷ棬ʱ˿̣㻹ʲô˵ϴǧǿżɽ
ԣҶȴһɻϴѲ
Ҷ棬ĪҪװɵ£ɲװɵܹŪȥġ˾ľѵȴûκγɹ
񣬱ֻн㰴˾ľԣ£ԾЧȣְ񣬻
ˣ£ڶ·Ѳʹְ٣ѲʹСӶӳȫãԾ۴̣ϴǧ
һ㡢졢İţһѲԺ̽ͷĿɫ䡣
˭Ҳû뵽ϴǧ˾Ȼݶ˹ȫҪնɱ
Ҫǵڶ·Ѳʹ𰡡
һ£ϴǧǧѲľ񣬾֡
ס֣ҿ˭Ҷ
ŭһҶɽ͵طɳ䣬ɱסѲϴǧŴ
ɽɱ뽣ֶͷһڣĵ׶һĪĺոΣӲĶԭء
ϴǧż״ȴǸһ˿Ц⣬˵ʵǰͲҶء
ҪҶҪǾ͸ˡ
һ˳׼
Ŀⲻɨһеĳϴǧŵ鶸رɷޱȣָҶŭ
Ҷ棬ҷ
Ƿңͼı
죡
ϴǧŭ߳꣬Ҷһͽϴǧŵ׸ȥҲ߾䡣
ͬһɲǣƲĳ޵ĵϢ΢΢һ¡
ϴѲȲҪŸҶĳñӣ
Ҫҵڶ·ѲʹѲʹСӶӳȫҪþ£ʲô
ʲôҶʵ
ԣҶٶϴǧ٣¶˿׳һЦݡ
ҶһžҪװɵⶼҪʣ
ҶȴһϴѲʾҪһ˵ȣ¾Բ־ܣ
ϴǧɫһҶ棬˵ˣ£װɵװȥģ
˾´ħμľ
ޣϴѲ˵Ǵ˾´ľѾ˰Ҷ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ˣϴǧһ漴Цⲻܣƭ˭أҪɣþִ
һɲǣϴǧžǱס˺һ㣬ҶһżӸд˾ӡľִ۾ɵӶˡ
һҪӶҪģѲҴ١
ⲻܣ
ܣϴǧٿžִһĲš
ʲôܣҶ˳ƵĽһ䡣
Ϊ⡭ҪӲϴǧ͵ػعʶҶĻɫһ䣬ŭҶ棡
ܣϴѲڻžִأڻɴ˾츮Ȩأ
ֻ˵˾֪ЩĻҶʱ
һ£ѲϴǧŲŭ߳㡭һɺԣ
Ҫִ֤٣
ϴǧһҶľִϸĿһִϵӡԼӡطִǴŴ˾츮ѲӥӰظ֡
ġ⡭ôܣ
Ծ֮࣬Ѳϴǧžܻĺϣϵ˾ѯʴ¡
ٵһʱȡרõСŲȥѯ
֮СŲʹһݻִ
һۣѲϴǧž¶˾֮ɫôܣ⡭
ϴǧǾ֮ɫٴʱҲ˲𱰣һѴϴǧ򣬽һۣ¶˺ϴǧһľ֮ɫ
ⲻܣħٵشס
Ҷȴꪲǰһɱ˲Ϣͽģ˵ħʲô


1770 ɹΣ
˵ħʲôҶɱ֮£ҶһѧǧٻͨĻ֮ô˻¶š
٣ȴҶеҪĶࡣ
һţһҶֻǿɱؽҶɱѾɭ
ʲô
Ѳɳ˴Ѱȴûҵκħӵм⣬ǵڶ·ѲʹѲϽ鵽ħټȻϱѲţǺξģ
Բ˻ͷȻ˳ƵҶ档
˵ûһΣʹܵǴ˾ľֻ˾ظҲӦ֮⡣Ҷ治ӲĻһ䡣
ȴо޵Ķɹ˷Ų¶ŵΣ
ִԣǵڶ·ѲʹȻȫǶֵħӣ뿴һǽսսЩħʬ塣ѲУǻ֮ɫ
ϽģǾϴѲ֤ȥѲ˾ò֤鿴ս֮غ֪飬ɴŴ˾ǰʱ½֪޲ԣ޲Ҷ˵
㡭
һӣϴǧֱᡣ
˵ʲôȴĳ˳䣬ϴǧٵ˼
Ϣ֮ϴǧźݺݵһŭ壬ߣʹһԱʱٶ뿪˱
һֱڹ۲űڶƽգŸոճȥһƱʲôûɾ뿪ˡ
Ϣ֮󣬾Ҷ˾ûµϢ˳
ʱȺоͱһ
ߣǺȾȥ
缸һ
ߣҹ飡

ͬһʱ̣ո뿪ѲϴǧţʱȴǱס
ʲôг˶˶飡
ͽг˶˶飡
٣㵽ôĲ㲻ѾŪɾôҵħм˾
㵽ôģ
˴һ磬ܻϴǧŶپһʹͷĳ
ϴǧǸ
£ǿı˺ܾãҲ׼˺ʱ
ǹܴɡ
´ͷβĸڰ죬䵱һ·ˡ
Ϊ׽ҶļƻѲϴǧŲı˺þãźͶ롣
˵飬ϴǧһΣΪ˶ԸҶ棬Ƿħսĳһ顣
⣬Ϊϵ֧ħӣ˼ʧϴǧͶʯ͸ߴ
Ϊ˽֧ħһʧĻʬ𼣣ʮƷԻʯ
ǼֵɺȥߴһǧƷʯҲϴһʯ֮һĿˡ
飬ܷѾͳǧƷʯ
ۣν
ڣҶûһ㡣
ϴǧŭͷǱһͰˮһ㣬ͷŰ
ԭʰҶ棬ӾͿ˳ƵһηͬһĴ󹦣˵ŪĴ֮ʣ
Ҫ֪ǰȥ˵ʱѾΪҵķˡ
ڣˮһգưΡ
˵أӽҪµĴ󹦣Ҳˡ
ˣĽ֧ħӳʧˣһ㣬ʮȫĿõġͷ󺹵Ľ͵
һʧȥϴǧŵΣǾˡ
ģǻ㣡ϴǧŰһ䡣
ȥЭٵЩϴǧطƵģǾԲᱳϴǧŵġ
ų֮ʱϴǧžϸѯʹʮˣȷʵǽ֧ħʰɾˡ
ǣҶһǧħͷأ
Ǵ˾츮ľִдģ뿰ģд˾츮о̲ǻʵħͷ
ˣҶһǧħͷģ
ĿǰҲ֪ǼȻܹͨ˾츮̲Ŀ飬;ġ
һ㣬λҲ޷٣
˵һ٣²²⣬Ҷ棬˵ħҲеϵ
ޣ
ǻССӣ
飡
ϧһдۣҲҪ鵽ⷽ鱨
ҾͲˣԸôһëͷСӣ˵ϴǧŵıӶˡ

ڣ졢㡢İţżƜWһ˵ΧΧߣҶͬһ⡣
ǾҶڶ̶һʱҵֵһǧħӣȻϢĽȫնɱҲ˴˾ľأ
ҶԴ˵Ļش𣬾һ仰£˾޴Ĵۣ붯һλ֮ͨǿڳ֣ҵֵħӣ̶Χߡ
λ֮ͨǿڣԸҶ͸¶
Ҷ˵ٺ棬Ҳֻա
Ȼʵಢˡ
Ϊµ಻˵ҶֻܸǱôһɡ
ǣһ˵׷ʣҶȴӦ
Ҷ磬͸ҽһ㵽ôŪһǧħͷģֹҶ׷ʵ
÷ŻشǵĴҡֲֹһ䡣

Ҷ磬ҶšֹȻҾԲκˡ
ˡ
Ҷ澯ޱȵĿһܣȴûпڣֱ괫ܶɹѹص˳ֹ
֣㻹ǵħؽʱշħ𡣡Ҷ˵
ֹһҶ磬˵ħһĴħʦ⣬ţħһ¡ŭǰæ
ԣҶ˵ͷǡ
ǣôԶôæֹһĲ⡣


1771 ʵ۵
ʱݵһǰҶջصá֮һĸɽĿǰ֮ʱ
ξƜWͻȻһ뷨˵һ֧ħӳɽƵ֣ϢĽֵ֧ħӣȻð佻
ʱ뷨ίʵЩ˼˵ˣĿξƜWˣո˵꣬ͷ顣
ϲܣôɵ¡
Уǵڶ·ѲʹҲϢȫһֻɽƵħӡ
ξƜWԼ뷨ҲĲܣҶߣȴġ
˰첻Ҷ
ֻ£ϵش󣬱ҪܽУҪǷй¶Ҷڴܣɾû׶֮ˡ
еһУҶְŵġ
ʵҶİҲܼ򵥣ȡϵĿǰѾΪħħʦ⣬Լ֪ħʦϣͺΪţħ¡ŭ
λڰǰͰҶķԸְֱ˱仯
ţħ¡ŭΪѴţħѪԭţħһİ£׳ʮֹ˵ҲֱפħսΪͳһ֧ţħսʿţħͳ졣
ħʦ⣬ҲҶķԸ˾뱱ֻ·̵ħһеȹģ߾еħε
֮λ뱱ܽ
λǶԳطͨпǱܾڡ
ǳɽƵľӣɾˡ
ħұ߾һΪ಻ħֵȺɽɲǰ衣
ǵܴ˷ƹڴ˵أΪ赲ħ֡
һɽȥ£ȴޱȸ󷨣ṳ̂оͻʧ֮С
಻Ⱥɽ֮Уڹؼ޽ݵ㣬ͣѲţκһ󷨽Ƶħ塣
ɽߣֽħɽħɽħǱߣΪɽ
˼ؿֲޱȵĵһ㣬޷Խ
ɽող֮ħ͵ľ񣬲ǧ򣬵ħѧˣɳħڲޱȵ֪ħʦһһĳɽ鿴ʵ
ڽλ֪ħʦ֮ħڸɽʵ
һ֮һĹģޱȾ޴󷨣ûͻƵĿܡ
λ֪ħʦϧ̽£ڻ󷨵ΨһǾ⴦޴󷨵ڴ
ֻҪۣܻԴͷ˲Ϣɽع
ߣҲ׼
Ǻ˽ʮħսֵġ
ħսʵɽ޴ޱȵطڵء
ҲΪԭ³ʮ꣬ħսսޱȵļҡ
ҲǳɽƵħӺܸصĸԭ
仰˵ûڹϣħҪɽƵܸأϲ̫ܡ
ͬģҶҪħʦţħ¡ŭŪһ֧ɽħӽҲܡ
˵ʱҲ
Ҷȴѹû룬ֱӸħʦţħ¡ŭ˷ֱ´һͬ
֮ڣҪħսʿʬ壬ʵģҲħū
ħʦʹţħ¡ŭһ޷֮У׷׸Ҷظ˵̫ˡ
¾ħӣūֻǰʱ䣬Ѷ̫ˣ¶Ŀ̫һ¶ǾȫˣЩŬȫ׷ˡ
λžܾҶȴڱǵѴ
Ҷ棬ֻλһ
֮ûħսʿʬ壬ҿܻᱻɱ
ҶظģȻҶֻǱһֿܣûɴ˾ľҶὫ¿Բ׸ԴС
˴үү
˴һֵǣȥַԡ
ҶĻȴħʦţħ¡ŭŻˡ
Ҷūˡ
£ūһɢЩūߣҲ֮ӦĻɢ
֮ҶҪǱɱ͵ҲҪ군ˡ
Сסˣ̸ʲôЩŬ
һӣ¾ʹҶɱԼСλĻԣ֪
Ҷ涨İʱ仹ûţħ¡ŭħʦ⣬ͷֱͨСŲôָҶ͹߰پߴŸʽªеħսʿʬ塣
״ǧٹ֣Ҿʬ嶼ûнӲеڵѪ
λôģҶûʣǵĵλӦòѡ
Ҷһ¶Ѩαһսս
ºʬԭأЩħԴҶȫϣȻֱӽ˴˾ľ
˴˾Ԥ´Ƶľ˳ȫɱˡ
һ㣬յҶ潻Ĵ˾ԤҲһĲ˼顣
ⲻܰ
ϴǧ²˵ô鶼ûҵħӵμ
Ҷִҵһȫˣ
ΪЩǳԸɷİ
˾Ԥǲŵġ
Ѳ˾ƹǵı£˾
ÿһλǾеľÿһλǴѲո¶ͷǣִѲӱΪ
ʵÿһλľ鶼ḻ޷˵
ȴȲҶ棿

ܣ
˾ԤţԤҶѾ˾ҵΧɽֵħһʼ¡
ʼ¡Ҳǲš
ǧž֤ħսʿԴ˾Ԥʼ¡Ҳǲš
Ԥ飬˵˵ҶСӣܹڲܵ£ɾô£
޲ţҲĶôҵõң֮ǰ˵ϴǧˣڵȥҶ棬ȴ˶
˵ʼٸϴǧѾֵħɾˣԲš
ƫƫֱҶˣˡ
޻֪Ҷ浽ôɵµģ᲻룿
ʣµĻʼ¡û˵ʼ¡Ѿ˴𰸣ҶܹڲܴǾֻһܡҶħйϵϵ
һ㣬ǡǡʼ¡Բܹܵġ
ΪϴǧҲˡ
һʵôҶɾ͡
ڴ£ڼܹ㳯һҲҶ˵
ֱʼ¡ɫԽԽѵʱ򣬴˾ԤεӲͷƤ£ȷʵⷽĿܣҺܴ
½飬²ֱּѯʣһá
ּʣһã
ʼ¡˼⼸Ϣ֮Ŀ⿴ڼܹ㳯޾һּ¹ش󣬾ɴһˡ
ǳ̫ע⣬ʹһˣȥٻء
ūּ
֮ڱ볤ֹ˵ŻҶ棬ƾճڵڼܹ㳯


1772 ոտʼս

ػʹڣʥʼ¡ڼܹ㳯ոûĴ𰸣Ц˷
޾˵أСôҵҲħμأԭŪ١
ĺð
˵Сӻǳʵ֪ʵҲһһεİ
ʼ¡еֺǺǵЦţЦĴ˾ԤĪġ
治֪ҶôģŪٶʼ¡Ц
У˾Ԥܺ档
ǣ˾ԤֺݺְλԽԽ죬ʵ֪ģȻ֪ġ
ǻʵ۲֪뷽跨Ҵ𰸣ǾԶˡ
˵ǣʼ¡ԤǱȽεġ
ͱװˣҲ̵֪ĺ࣬㿴һˣҪס£֪ˣ뵵ɶԡ
й¶ȥ޵һ㿪ڡ
˵ţʼ¡ͽеӸԤ
߽ӹȴǰпࡣ
Ȼܺ棬ʼ¡ôһ˵ȴҲԸ֪ˡ
ʼ¡ܣ϶ͬСɡ
Ҫй¶ǲǴԤȥٲԤ鷳
ʼ¡ѿ˿ѡ
һۣ˾Ԥ¶ɫ
ԭˡ
ڣ˾ԤЩʼ¡֮ΪοЦˡ
ΪҶĴ𰸣ʵֺͬʱֽҶħǣԭ
ʵҶ濴ڼܹ㳯ʼ¡ּ֮ҲЩɵۡ
Ҷҵ֧ħμģ
ΪʲôôҲҶͿҵȫߣ
⣬С
һҶش𲻺ãôͻʧȥʼ¡κʹ˾Ԥ֧֡
ûʼ¡κʹ˾Ԥ֧֣ѲϴǧԻʱʱɱҶ죬ôҶ뱻ʰҲͲԶˡ
ǣҲУѻش
ҶôҿյйħūԴð䣬شʼ¡
룬û𰸡
ūսʿԴǿȫһ
գҶѡʵش
бʵش
ֱǴħǱū۵ħͷĿŪģΪҶūħͷĿ
ҶҲʵشǵ볤ֹ䵽ħؽ磬ū۵ħͷ졣
꣬ͳֹǽū۵ħͷĿħؽɹӻصġ
һξõǡ
ɵǣҶ볤ֹӻ֮㳯ҶͳֹϸѯʣҶͳֹ޵¡
һ¾ȫˡ
ʼ¡ҶĻɳױͲ˵ҶΡ
ϾܸҸʵֱ̹˵ūħͷĳӣ֮٣һ
ңųֹ֤
ʲЦŹ֡
ʼ¡ЦʱѲڣѲϴǧڴ
ûн𣿡
Ҷ˶ɾһˣǻûвɾģ
һȺ
ò˵ϴǧЩʧ̬ˡ
Ҳ
Ϊһ죬ϴǧſǵ࣬ı֮꣬ڵ󣬻ûмŶ֣ѵĶʱ
ı㣬Ͷ˳ǧƷʯľ˲ƻϵΪҶŶ
ɵҶȴûһ㣬ŭǲŽв
ҲԼҴڵ飬ڽСϴˮһĭ֮ϴǧ֮ͣ󣬲Żڡ
ˣ£ֻ飬֮ȴҶĳͷϡҶȻ˴˾ľְʧְħɱ£ȴʵʵġ
㲻ܽϳѲҲҪʹһ£ãҲҪĸһһۣٺ
˵ʵڱϴǧŸӵĺҶ档
ϵĴ֮ʰûˡ
һ𣿡
ϴǧ¶޺֮ɫĿǰҲֻˣϵֵ

ҶڶɹһεħӳɽƵΣ֮󣬵һ£Ǵһ£ǰħ¾Ǹʵز鿴
˵ʵҶܳء
һƬȮ
⼸ϵľ˵һ̻ݰµ˻󣬼ûˣûˣǿ졣
˵˼ңҲвԶ׸Ϲ¹ڣ
ʮ˵жҾжҡ
ҶԱࡣ
ˣħӣɥպħսĩضħ壬Ѫ𣡡о˧һŭɫ
ҶԣͷĿһ۾˧ѵħ𣿡
һҶʱҶ滺˵ʮҾģħ壬ΪЩħ忪ڼ飡
һݣ֪Ҷָʲô
˵ûĿǰǲûʲôһʧ䡣
˭˵ûУ
ҶһȻϴǧŲعأôݹҶĳҲعˣ
һæʵ˵˼ǣ
ˣʲôҪ죬ܷԸҹԲһüͷظ˵
ǾԲֵܶģİɣҶĳԻϴǧźµģ
ٺ٣һսϴǧŲعضսⳡսŸոտʼ
ҶĹЦţЦĸɽ⡣
ףλҶѲʹıҪˡ


1773 жʼ
ѲڣѲϴǧһݸոյѲ˾;ģԽɫԽѿ
ߣһ֣ٺһĴ𣿡ϴǧ촽˴飬Ȼȥˣʵ϶Ҷ棬ǻػ
˵䣬Ѳϴǧžͽ˺˷飡
ǰʵ϶ҪԸѲ
Ӧһ䣬һ˵ˣ£Ŀǰ̶ֻܵˣ˵ǹһ
ǣǲǵһҶıҶ¼¼һɲ
Ҷıϴǧſ١
ǵĴˡʵһħӳɽ£ԵĿԣҶǱߵ֣е뷨ܹ뵽ϡ
Ҳѣȴûκ֤ݡ
û֤ݣǾͻ᲻ǡ˵
ϴǧŵ˵ͷֿܣǣҶʲôϷ򣿡
ЦһϴǧֹټĽԣԣ£ò
ȥ·Ѳʹüǿ䣬ͬʱּӱһɸֵĶ
һߵĵһҪϲ飬ʱر
ǣ

ѲõĹԣħӳɽ飬ֵ֧ħӱҶϸˡ
صĺ
ƽĲĿֻŵȵȣ£ܾˡ
صҶְѩƬһ
ʱʼ¡ǿӲֶαչ˳
þԾͦҶ棬ֽħӳɽһµ򣬹̵ħսиԭϡ
ɱӺֶΣѲ˾ؼȫǼʷ̨ʷ
ҲЩʷƨǸɾģǱʰɾġ
ǣǵļ˻ݣֻҪʹ飬ǻҳһЩΥҼ͵⡣
ֻߣһףʼ¡Ҳĺ
֮سϵս֮Ҷ湦֡ٺһΪ
ϾЩеͲԹѲ˾һ蹷һķ̫ͦá
ѵʥּʱ򣬱°ҶڣҲû̫¡
µͰֻܹˡ
£ҶĸɽǣڴģȴҶ֮ǰ˵ıһ¡
Ѳı
ǵڶ·Ѳʹڲ±ɱЩֵǣǵڶ·Ѳʹ˴βһ֮ܵ֡
ޱȷŭĸӱɷ桢ʮĲҾ硣
ħֵľӸɵģħӵ֣ȴϴǧѲɵġ
ħ壬Ѿʮˣ֮ǰһ޳ˣɱ޳
˫ֶǱϵĶ
ٳµѲϴǧ壬ȴΪ˴ĳЩɸ˵Ŀģ¾ƽա
϶ԣҶⷽѲϴǧŸںħ塣
Щ˶ǵĴصļƻȥѲϴǧš
ǵ˺ü죬Ҷȴһ˶ûе
Ҷֻһ¡
ǾǼǿڶ·ѲʹĽڡ
Ͻڸݡء򲻽ҪӰ̽ǿ̽ԣͬʱҪӷ̽
̽˼һ̽ӣԺܴҲΣΪɱֵԭ򣬷ֻ̽·ŵسǣͺˡ
һε¼ȴڶ·Ѳʹ˾ӡ
ڵһܵħϮ֮󣬵ڶ·Ѳʹİܹ̽ؾ
ôºĲҾܹȵıⲻ˵ڶ·ѲʹͿ̵ʱ֪ͨݸͱ߾ɱΧˡ
۽ΣҲǰЩ
һ㣬ڶ·Ѳʹи߲㣬á
Ȼǿ̽һ㣬ʹڶ·Ѳʹľѱúܽš
Ҷ治ںڶ·Ѳʹ˵ȴֵľѣҶȫ˽˳е
ȻҶʯˣҶļƻУⲿӵģսϴǧ򵥡
Ҷĵڶ£ѲԪһҪ飬Ϊβʾ
Ԫûã߲ģҶ治˼ʧ
Ԫȴǽײ
£˵Ѳ࣬Ѳ³ؾɽҲ
һȫѲҴһֲٰġ
֪ʱҲֻ֪ħӳɽ֣ȴ֪ʵ顣
գҶԪ誵͡
û˵ϴǧţҶ棬Ҳޱȣ֪ԽԽá
һΣǿĽͣǣ֮ڣҪõѲϽ¸翤صϸ鱨ԽϸԽáҶ
ҾΪԪ誵ĻشЩǿ
ҶĻظȴѲԪĪľ
ҲҪ
Ҷ仰ǸԪͨ뺣¶첻ãԪ誾һ
ôҶԪкã
˼ײ
֮֮󣬾ڱҶĸɽԾԾԣȴҶıжʱ
ҶȴǳϵģҪٴαչؿޡ
ڶĸɽɻУҶٴν뾲ұչؿޡ
˭Ҳ֪Ҷٴαչصľֻһ˶Ŀľ
ڽ뾲Ҵؾ䷨֮ҶһӰ֮ѪһҶƾԭʧ
жʽʼ


1774 ñϴ
ܵƽݣƽϽһΪʦʦϽأȴǶϴء
ϴرɽǰһ޼ʵƽԭƽԭУһռطԲĴ
ˣⶫϴؿ֮磬Ϊ㡣
ĴɽʢֿʯĿͳʮ˵˽ڿĿһ
Ҫ͹⵼¶ϴ˿ڼࡣ
ūͨ͹ϴص˿ڣͳǧ
˿ĿѾȴܵµȿҪˡ
Ҷֵı˿ڻûǧ
ǰһССĶϴأ˿ڳǧ˵ķҲﲻʺū֮⣬ʯ⼫𱬡
ƽƽܱߵĿʯ֮û⡣
ҵũҵǶϴعģسǵĴСѾʦˡ
ǽҪȲʦĿҪ֮һ
ڴܣΥƣɷУݳǡǡسǵĸ߶ȶһޣޣԽ
ǣⶫϴԽΥƣȴʲô¶ûС
˵ǲʦĿأƽݵᶼ¡
ԭܼ򵥡
ΪⶫϴصϴһţѲϴǧϴһµķּҡ
ϣÿһƾõļ壬ԽԽ
֮󣬾ͻּңԷͼ巢չ
ּ£ηֺܶӣеּҵģеûλּҵġ
еҲҪּҵġ
ķּңȴΪ˼ǿʢҼǿʢ£Щּڷּ֮Ҳ֮ϣҵĺ
ϴϣѲһϴҵķּңϴϣϴҵķּ֮һҲӵķּ֮һ
ҶԪõ鱨ѲڲѲϴǧεǣˡ
ԣȻԪѲӸλЩ飬ǲ벻ˡ
ѲӢ»ʿԳϴһĸּҺͷּ֮µĸӹ塣
֮⣬ѲϴҵĲƸһ룬ڸּҹס
Ҷǰϴسǣÿ궼ѲϴǧṩĲƸ
˵ⶫϴصĲҵãƽһ˰ջҪࡣ
ƽǲҹܶϴصģϴո߶˰յġ
ҪǸңѲϴǧŷַӽˡ
֮ҶǰϴسǣϴǧµһҪľݵ㡣
ԴǲԴ
Ҷ棬ھڶϴسǵصҹ䣬鿴ϴصĲرֲ
Ҷ֮ԳΪҶıĿ
ҶɲϴǧΪ˴ĿĲֶΣƽյ
ɱƽ飬ҶҲ
ϴǧŵϴϴϷּңҶɾ͹ܲôˡ
ҶһҪǲϴǧһѵϴǧԺͻ䱾Ҷƣڱ
һΣҶҪϴǧŸʹʹ
̹ģ
ϴسһҵ֮ǣҹҲޱȵķֱʱˣسǲ
ҶϢĳھ붫ϴϴǧһϡ
ϴϴʮʮһϴռȥس֮һĴС
ϴҲǶϴϴҵصء
󲿷ֵҵ׶ϴɣĿʯʯиֽԴҲϴڽִš
ңⶫϴصϴѲϴǧŵһѵء
һϴϾӢӵܾϴѵ
ھ嵽ʮļѵ֮󣬾ͻѲϴǧá
ÿܹ꣬ѲϴǧŲһϸѲԣ̽һǧͨ񾳺ڵߡ
ÿһлµϴ˺͸ӹ廹мūӵǱͽѵ
ѲϴǧЩִѲԺߣȫķּҡ
ϴϷּҸ𣬲֪ϴǧŻ᲻ʹ
һۺڰ·ǱһϴҶһƾʧ
Ҷһڵص׵Ĳֿ⡣
ֿռһ﷽Բڲ˸Ŀռ֮صײֿڵĿռ䣬Ѿһʮʮһľ޴ֿ⡣
߶ѻźĵȴĿʯ
ΪֻԭķزܣҶضȥݣ޴ĵصײֿ⣬֪
ҶͬһӹԭֿеĿʯͷɿʧ˲Ϣʧһࡣ
ҶĿģȡЩֵߵԭ
ҶôֻҪһռ䡣
һȡ֮ҶоռˣͣסΡ
ͣסɲǣҶһһ߳ɣֱϢƷħĴ󽫣ͰȻ֡
Ҷüͷȴһ塣
Ϣ
ʱھŨޱȵɷʱʧ
ǺھţԴԴϳĺħ䣬ҲһϢ
ûǺھš
ҪϴǧţҶֵЩϵ֣ɲܶ
ڶ·ѲʹҲѲ񽫷İ̽ţͷܼǡ
룬Ҳ֪˭ɳġ
ԣҶϵ֣ټһαҲܶá
ҶıƻҲܼ򵥣֮֮
ϴǧҲһֱƵĸо
ҶڱչʧʱʵҶսѪתħ硣
Ҷһλתħ磬ֻһ¡
Ǿǽų֮һĺھŸ˳ͬʱһ֧ħгɵľӢ
ȻҪ棬Ǿһ㣡
ϴǧżϾˣǲŽкá
Ҷת䣬Ϊͨкڵħ䣬صײֿпС
ǧħ꽫٣жʮħ˽һɱڵλ䡣
ħһľӢˡ
ҪӺδ˧ƣھž֪ҶҪñˣ˳˵
˧뿪һ֮󣬹ϴ⣬˵һնɱκһҹߣնɱ֮У
ͬʱռ˸ʯֿ⣬ĵرĲֿ⣬ϴӲƻװǶ٣
˵䣬Ҷһ־ӳȥǧöָҶЩеĴˡ
Сʮ׷Բǧ׷Բȡ
û취ָľ޾ռԽԽϡԽŪ
ƽʱҶ飬洢ռ˵ޱȵľ޴
Ҷ治ֳ£Щ鷳ˡ
һսҶԣϴӲƻֻǴҪġ
ǣ½˧ھŴ
Ҷͷ֮ʣһΣֳսѪħ˧س֣Ҷָħ˧˵˧ķһɱϴһ˧ķǳˣǲκԥ˾Ҷ
ǣھٴо
Ҷ滺ĵ˵ͷôڿʼʱһ֮ʼж
ǣ
ھӦɲǣҶζشԭֿƾʧ
Ϣ֮һ޴ĺӰڶϴسϷʱӰɢ֮˲Ϣһ˶ϴء
ʱϴؾǱһ㣬޾ֵ˻쳹
ͬһɲǣһޱȵĵϢشӶϴصϴ֮г


1775 Ȼϵ
磿
ôִ磿
ŶϴسϷǾ޴ӰϴϼڣҲϴسǵΨһһλǿߣϴ񾪺
ϴسΪϴҵҪ֧ҵ򣬳нλǿ֮⣬һλǿڴˡ
ΪϴϽڣϴλǿߣڶϴ϶ԣǶһĴڡ
ʱǱչԣٳ档
˵ˣԼҵҲܹһ档
һ£ϴԻǵһֵġ
̫޵Ϣɢʱ򣬵һģϴ
󣬶ϴϵĽٽǿһӵ𣬴Ѿеϴɲǣ˼֡
Ϊ˭ûо£ԼھԲֵġ
ûϢϴϵĵϴ춫ͳԼϴࡣ
ǣ˿ǻƶľ޴Ӱûһ˸
˵ģ̫޵Ϣͷֱ
ڣƴ̫ޣôϴϵϴ춫һɻ
ھ֮ϵޣôǶϴССس֮⣿
ϴϴҡҡͷȷʵǳĺ
ڣô죿˵̫׺ףԴ󷢣ССĶϴسǣ¾Ҫ⵽֣֮ҪиΪǿϴ춫ЩŵĽ
Ϊǿϴҡҡͷ̫ޣ˶ܹɱġ
ϷսʱΧһͷ𰣬ǿɽǴѪѣգϷһλʮλǿߣڸ˵Ĵ֮󣬳ɹΧߣ
ˡʱϴ峤ϴ춫⣬ʧܹܵ
ǣϴȴֲһ䣬֮Уλڵߣһˣ
˻
һ֣ϴϼϴ춫͵صһǺӰĿޱȵļɵ
һˡ
ڣϴ߽һλ˵ǰֲ̫ޣĴ磡
ǡǡǡϴ춫˸ɧ
Ҫ¡
ϴºͶᶨƢȷʵ׺ޱȣǽͷͻȻǶϴس֮⣬϶³
ҪǽΪ˷йԣ͹ҵˡ
˭ҪҲҪ羿Ҫʲô
ϴĻյأϴ춫ͻȻָǴӰڣˣˡ
ϴһȥɲǣͷȴһɡ
Ϊֻ磬ȷʵˣȴûŶϴسǽӽϷķȥ
״еϴ˺͸һ
Ͼִ˵е̫޽֣˭Ը⡣
ƺѰʲôȥ˭ͷ磬Ǹκ˾ͷ磬Ϸȫҡϴɷ˵
ǣ
Ӧ֮ʣϴ춫Ŀͻһڣ㿴еķƺǴɽķ򡣡
ɽ
ϴͫһ˵ǡ
ϴϴ춫˵仰˼ΪǶϴϵĲƸеİ˳ɣĶǴɽǺĿء
ﲻأǶϴϻ߼۴ĳʮɿɽū
ȻûǶϴسףǿɽūҲסףҲֻܿš
Ѫ߹̫޳Ѱʲô£ǲ򵥡
˵ʲôѵõĻԵأ
ϴоһͺȵһسǣˣϷԶԶĸȥܷܲʲô
һ£־һΪһ£һָϴԶԶĸǸӰ
ϴأܼ򵥡
磬ǿ̫ްҪҵĶǺ
ǰͷϢǵĴ簡
кö㲻ܴǰͷʳǸ󣬼ʣҲ׬ˡ
Ͼ̫޴۹⣬ܹ͵ˣ
һ֣ϴϴ춫ʹһԶԶĵ̫޴
ͷɵٶȲ죬Ҳ˿ɡ
ϾͷҶ
֪׷ʱֻиֵЦ;ǻڡ
Ȼˡ
ҶҪϴǧѡĵһĿ궫ϴسǣĶð죬Ψĵǿ߲ð졣
ҶǼֵеĶ붯սڣôڵǿߣҲǿӦһġ
Ҷݾͱ¶
ȥҶôһɽļƲߡ
ҶҲ׼ϴ˵Ҳûʮİա
ԽԽϴĵڣ֪Ķ࣬ĸ࣬õҲࡣ
Ȼϵ
ûΪҶ棬ͣļӿٶȡ
żʩչһ·ˢһ±һСڵ㣬ϴæ׷
Ҷ滯Ϊֻ֮Ҫ÷˲ϢʮļٶȣͨķٶҲġ
һʱٶȣеġ
ʱʱһ·ҲϴĵǿߣΪ׷ϴ磬ٶᵽ˼ޡ
һӵʱգ۾Ҷһӵʱ쵽ʱ͵һͣΧ˶Ŀзľս׹⡣
һֲûϴŵĻɢΪ̫޴緢ˣڶԸˡ
Ҳ͵һͣ
ϴף빥ǣǵٶѹӲ
ԣ粻Ҳ
׷ϴҵĽǿߣҲǸͣһҲһ
һڴ׹ע£Ҳҳ
ͬһʱ̣ϴسһصײֿĴͻȻ䱬Ŀɿڴע£ɢžѪħųھŴ̤
ʾֿǰͱھźħ˧նɱ
ϴسǵľ仹ǲģϴÿҹŵѲҹĸ֣ʱע⵽쳣
Ϲʱȴɵˡ
˳һħӣԴԴϵĴǸصײֿǷӦھһ֣ǵصħʸǿ߸ǹȥ
ħʸħԼ۵ȻȲϴܵ鱬ħ
ǣʲôΪħħʸʲôĹ
ڵħħʸڵĹ
ʱھһ֣Ŷʮλħ꽫ǧħ꽫ٺţħʸǵصĸǹȥ
˲Ϣͽǿɸӡ
ʸ֮£ֱӽո˸ϴػĻ䱬
ɱ
˲ĸ֮⣬ȮھűдżѪȵ˲´
ҵøոջظʮϴϵĽǿٴˢˢĳ
ǿǺѹѹħӵʱȫɵˡ
ݣ
˾䣬ٴǵصĸǹ
ͬһɲǣھšħ˧Ͷʮħ꣬ѾŴڻɱЩǿߡ
һûжɱʼ
ɱʼʮϢħʿ価ϴ󣬲ҽ֮ʣһǿ߲ļ
죡Ԯ
ڷѶ
Ѷ


1776 Ǹʼ
ҶûĴǱţͷҪһӣĶʮ֮ϴϴ춫һˡ
ǱĿɷϴҵһڸ֣׹ѣѾʼɪɪ
ǵСϾ˵ӰžϴҲ˵Ѫᶼλǿһˣ˵̫޴ˡ
˵£Ǽٵģ
ʵϴҵϴͷҲˡ
Ҳ°
ҪһʮУǿпӳ죬һҲߡ
ҵǣϴ񾭹ˣڸյҲ١
侲
Ϸ侲˭öһ˿һô̼ǰͷ硣
ϴͣǿţϴڣ˭ҲҶϴߣסˡ
һʱ䣬һʮ־ڸ߿жš
ͻȻ䣬Զ˼⣬ٵϴҵϴϴ춫
ҶĴͷһ
ʱոսסѶϴϴ춫ͻ罬˵ǶѶˣҶ
´̼ǰͷ̫޴硣
ҪǣѶȴһһǶ˷
ϴüͷ壬ӵܣһû˸ҸѶġ
ƵķѶǳˡ
ϴֲҶ
ʵ˵ϴ̫ޣϴԸ̫ƴ
ٶȼ̫ޣѶԸ
˵ӰӶûͱɱˡ
˵򲻵ѣϴǲԸ̫޴սġ
һһѶϴֻܽֲ˿ʮڸУζ콩Ӳˡ
ҵǣ̫֮޴ƺûиӦϴһ˵вһתȥһ˲Ϣʧ
ʱ˿̣ϴϴ춫һˣȴǴˮ̳һ㣬졣
ϴҲˡ
˼ϴϴ춫ͬʱͶ뵽˸ոյһһѶС
ɲǣ˵ʱ䡣
Ϯ
ڣٻԮħϮ
ʮħϮȣ

ôܣϴ춫ʧ
Ǵܸذôܳʮħӣѵħսıݱˣ
أ
ϴǱųһ֣ͷһ۴ʧĵطһֲõԤС
飬Ҳ̫ˡ

ϴسǡ
ϴϼҴҵסĲҵѲϴǧŵշ֮⣬ʵҲǲ
פнˣټﳣΪѲϴǧŵѵҲҡ
ϴפصĿˡ
Уǿ߰ңȴΪҶûĴ磬һ롣
һǧˣͨˣʣµΪӿȡ
ʵҲ㲻
ǣѵصľӸΪսȫһ
һһһ׽ɱҪСʱǰʱֳܷʤ
һѵءͨϻ֮ħ꣬һΪս߶Կ
ʮϢ֮ڣħħնɱ˶泬ʮߡ
Ҫǣͨ񾳵ħѹԵơ
ԭϴĽʮǿҲżƵģʮǿʵӵõ㷭ѣסϴǲ⡣
ǣҶħ˧ȫ׵Ʒħľųھš
ֳƷħѪӰΪߴصħ˧ͷսѪ߸ƮţһѪ·ѪһͶںھšħ˧һɽħ꽫ϡ
Щħ꽫Ϣ˲ϢͿ˽һս쭡
ܵӳֵħ˧ֱ绢Ⱥµߣһһֱвˡ
ųھʵԵͣȴӵרЩڿһشնɱĽǿ֡
ǿĸʩϢȥնɱʵʩѻս
Ϣһϴڽǿ߷ƾ͵Ȼ޴档
ͨ񾳵ħǧΪУϴڳɱмһ浹ɱ
ЩħᶨִҶľ
ˣɱ
ӣȴȫԶ
ЩΪ˲񹥻ǵĸˣЩħҲ˿
һʱ䣬ϴѪ죬ҽ
УֻսѪڻţÿ˱նɱսѪѪһתͻᱻЩͼ꣬ġ
һӵĹϴڵĲҽͱ΢ѡ
ϴߵĲҽȻ˶ϴسرע⣬ϴ̶֮ӣЩ̶ǣŻġ
Ǵʱ˵Щ̶ӣǶϴصرҲûһǰ
Щرֻǰѣϴĸֶסȥʲô
ϴһħѾھųھŵָ£ֳ
һֳִСӣڲ׷ɱǵҴԱһȴͣҶȱ꼱Ĳֿ⣬ȡһпȡĲ
Լ˰ӵĹ򣬸ɱħ˧ͻȵھţ½˵ԭֿ⣬׼ˡ
ǣ
ò˵ħָӼǿЩħʿУԾֻзӶ֡
ھŵʼ´˰ȡƻľ֮⣬˾ǳˮһȴ
ֹ˰ӣһ֧ȡƻħ䣬Ҳԭֿ⡣
й⻪һСèҶ棬ҶϿա
һΣҶǽϴһɸֵһӵ·̣˰ӡ
뿪֮ҶСèٶǰ
Զϴϵϴٶȣò˰ӣͻִ
Ҷʱ仹㡣
ʱϴѾһƬ档
лŸӾֵĿ˵ʵոЩ׶ĿҶͷһ
ôһɲǣҶģĹˡ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷļ
ܣһ˵Ĵܣ
Ĵ½Ҳһ˵ĺĴ½
ˣ
ҶģֻǱ֤ԼİΣڵ˵ģҶ治ɱǵĸӣѾǵߡ
ҶʴȣЩѵϴϾӢͻϴǧŵָ£ɱ
¾ҶĸɽɱҶĸɽļˣɱҶµ
ʵҲϴǧŸħӳɽǼ£ͻȻҶס
Ҷ棬ʵѾһˡ
һ塣
һС壡
һپ٣һ
Ҷ졢һĸɽļˡ˵³Իǰʮֹ
ǰıƻ
Ƴһ۱ɷʬصϴҶһʧС
⡭Ǹʼ
˴ԼϢʱ䣬ҶŽ˻صԭֿħյռڣһҶʧӰ١
ԼĪϢ֮󣬶ϴϵϴϴϿգűɷʬҰϴ
ϴ۾ص˸Բ
˭
ۣ
ŭУһѪ


1777 ج
ܹʵǱȽҵġ
֮ΪҲΪ
ѲϴǧҲ⡣
ÿ֮ǰ߽֮ѲϴǧŶҪԡ
ƽҲˮһݵԡѲϴǧųʮ㡣
ڵȪڣмСȲһأطֱů񡢺ͣעˮů
ʱѲϴǧţůУ΢˫ǰһаֻɴƵŮźš
ŵɹǵģдȲϴģ㣬ң֮
΢΢һţźŮѾƤıιУһҧ֭䣬ǻˬصʪȳײ֮
һŮָɨϴǧŵؿڣϴǧʳָ󶯣ֽŮҡ
⿰ǵһˡ
һܣȴڴʱ˿̱ɱٸˡ
ΪϴǧŵұۣƽޱȣҲɫ䡣
Ǵ˿̣ȴʧ̬ĴȪʧˣˡ
±ϵϴǧһĲˬ̵ĵһ߳ʧ룬ʧݣɺͳ
ԽԽȥˣ
һǿϴǧŵĲˣ¾ʧ룬ˡ
ƽݲʦͻʮħϴرʮħǣ
ʲôʮħƽݲʦڸЦ𣿡ϴǧ
ˣôϷˣˣǧȷʦءϴѷ顣
ͬʱƽݵĵ·ѲʹҲ˼ȷ˴£ȷʵʮħѪϴ˶ϴسǣżޱȵĵѲ·Ѳʹļ
һۣϴǧŵ۾͵˸Բ
ħսɽɸʮħôܳҴܸأ
˫ĿԲ֮ʣϴǧָʶ۵һŮĲҽո͸Ȼֹ
ȴϴǧ֮£ϵʧ˷ִ磬ȻոҵŮˡ
Ůʧɢӡ
ĿһϴǧһߣɢӵŮ뻯Ѫ
ϴǧ¶̤أٱ顣
°ɲϴǧŲ
֮ǰһǧħӳɽƵ֣Ū󣬾ʼ¡סҶˡ
Ҷ滹ǿԸбסС
ʮħ֣µԣֱ֮ǰ˰ٱֹ
ʮħڴܸسǣ൱һ֧ħɱ˴ܾڣսϵһʧ
൱ڴܵϺݺݳ˼ƣܾݺݵĺһ
ҲѲ˾Ѳͷϸһ
Ϊ鱨̽Ѳ˾ǱʮħȻⱾһּʧְ
ڳº󻹲ҳħټô¼Խ޷ݡ
һãѲҪ˵ù
ɹȥûУû׷ѰħĺۼʮħӦúҰɣϴǧ˵
شˣѾȨ֮ڣƽܱߵĵ·Ѳʹ˹ȥͬʱĵ·Ѳʹ·ѲʹҲŲʦܱ߼ᡣ
ʱûзħμ
ûУϴǧһ䡣
ҹԵʣѾжˣüֹȥ˵
ͷ֮ʣϴǧžһϵеѲǧѲԼ֧ԮٵϴҵѲǧ֧Ԯ
ͬʱʦܱפӪΧˣĸ·Ѳʹȫ֧Ԯ
·Ѳʹµ̽̽һ˹ȥ
֮ϴǧŵޱȵأ£̫ˡǱ취жΡ
˵ϴǧŭˣģʮħ֣ѵħսʧˣ
ϵһĿǰħսԭүٽ
ϴǧŵ˵ͷˣǸֵħسΣ˶ˣ
ϴǧôһʣٵ飬ͱЩŹˣʮħǵģǶϴءҪʧǶϴصϴ
ʲôϴأ˵ʲô
ʱ򣬲ŷӦϴǧɫ䣬ֱӾٵĲӣٸ
ȿȿȿȣ
پҵĿϴǧŻ֣ȴޱȵ
˵
ϴسǵϴʮħѪϴһաȫжɱǧˣδĸ׶ǧˣµķصʮǿߡ
֮⣬ϴڵжһҴ棡˵
ʲô
ϴǧһΣôһ˵ϴһľӢԡ
ϴǧ˵꣬һ⵱룬ٵУٽһۣɫĵݸϴǧš
ϴǧŽһۣɫѪɫ;ȥ
ʲôʮħѪϴϴشɽϰǧ󶴣ȫݻ١


1778 ɵ۵ϴǧ
Ŵ̳Ĵɽոոϵϴҵϴҧ촽ǻǲͣѪ
ϴμϴ춫ɫʱҰһƬָڷ
ǰ׷̫޴ʱӵ˵ľѶѸ֮󣬾ͿϴɱһյĲо硣
Ҫ֪ϴ֮УּͳڽѵߣȫǶϴϵľӢ츳ĸߵˡ
ڣȫɱһա
ʲôǶϴ֮˱ɱ˲ϢöϴƽݺպĴ壬ʵʮһŲϺŵС塣
˵ˣʧƷʯĲƻʲô
ϴڣϴ춫ڣʮľˣдɽڣЩ˵ı£Զϴϲдİǧˣиһӵʱ䣬ϴ׳
һӵʱ䣬Ҳ̣߶ԣȵ
ԣϴҵһߣǿűʹ˶⾯Ѷ֮󣬾Ҵˡ
һӵʱ䣬ϴҵϴյ˴ɽĽѶ
ʮħڴɽʼɽ
ϴ˴ʧɫ
һ֮ϹȥʱɽѾһƬ档
פͱɽϴˣһǧˡ
Ҵ߲ˡ
ˣϴϵĸɽǧƵĿ󶴣ȫݻ١
Ҫ֪ϴһ㻨ϰĹ򣬲½ǧ׵Ŀͨ۾޴
һȫݻˡ
˭˭ɵġţܲĶϴϼϴ춫͵
Ҳϴ춫ܴ
Ǵʵ̫ˡ
ϴϽˣųɱɱҴߵĿҲǧҡ
ˣָжڴУֻжˡ
ǧ֮Уõж˶
ϴϵʮǿߣȷʵŬʮϰ꣬ȴܹһ
Ҫ˵ĿһϣûнϢķܣϲܡ
ʧȥ˿ڣʧȥ˴ɽԴ
ϴϣǱˡ
ѲϴǧŴʱҲ뷨
Ѳϴǧףϴˣںܳһʱڣϴǰﲻκæˡ
ͬʱҲζŶϴÿ깩ӦĳһǧƷʯĲƸųϡ
ζţδڣӶϴõκһ֮š
£ϴڰʱڣܹȶĹӦʮΪϵѵصˡ
Ѳϴǧżֱʹ˼㡣
٣ǶϴسϴʮħѪϴǴɽѪϴҲ̫˰ɣ
ֵħӣڿԶϴϣϴǧţûָоϴǧźܿʶ˲Ծ
ٵɫһ䣬ˣҲȷʵ̫ˣĻǡ漴ٵüͷһ壬Ǵˣ˭ܹ֪ĽʮħҴܸأ
ħսүҲû
ǰ
ҲϴǧƵĵط
£͸̫Ĳ˼顣
Ȼϴǧڵһʱ֪£ҿʼ׼ӦԣǱѩƬһĹĸŪĽͷö
һΣǳҶ֮ǰĸо
ΪҪǣʮħƽݲһسǵϢ֮󣬴ܳ͢ͳ׵ļˡ
ӶħӳɽƵֱ֣ƴܾ档
ʼ¡ֱʥּ˾ԤҲֱ˾
ʥּ;˼ʵࡣ
ϸפҵֵħ
֮£޸ӵĽš
һΣʥּʹ˾Ԥľϴǧŵޣֻһ졣
Ѳ͹Ͻƽݵĵ·Ѳʹһ֮ҳֵħټ¡
ֻһ죬ȵҶޣ
ʵϲġ
Ҷ浱ԵģֵһǧħӣһǧħӣҪͷǳףһԴһɽͿԲ
ҵʵѶȡ
һϴǧҪҵģǿʮħ
ʮħ˰˵վҲʮأҲҲʵĵط
ʮҪμ̫ˣѹܡ
ԣҶ֮ǰܵϴǧź͵·ѲʹܵľѶȺС
ӵʥּ;ʱϴǧŻʮ㡣
ʥּ;ɲѣϴǧſǵºƺ
ɳԶϴΪģ˴֮ѲϴǧŶͷ亹ˡ
Ҳˣ
ɳĺ֣ϴΪ׵ļǿߣѾϴܱʮѱˡ
˵ʮħħӰӶûз֡
ʮħƾʧһ㣬ôҲ
һʱ䣬ϴǧžˣ
ȹϵһ㣬ɵˣ


1779 ϴ
νߡ
Ѳϴǧš˵һֱƿѲϴҲ⡣
ϴҳķּ֮⣬ֶַͨΣֽٵϴ塣
ϴЮѲħ鱨£ضᵼ´ܻҶǵ㡣
Ҳ֪ϴЮѲħ鱨£ֶܹãҲ֪ϴܹٶá
ʣϴҺǰΪ֪ʲôʱͻ˥׼
鱨ҶλѲڲѲϴǧŵԪõġ
Ԫ誣£Ҳš
ݴϴҼ̳ʵеѡµļλ֮󣬾ͻὫļϵѪȫѡ
ȻֱŵϴҵС֮С
磬һϴ־תС磬ǸСߣϴҵļ񣬾
ϴҵӰ£ǸС糤սϣƬ½ΪķΪҲȡ
ϴҵЩ꣬ͻᱻֱӿսС磬ѪΪͬڸβְͬλӵв̫Դ
η䣬ϴһһ׷ǳϸϸ
Ȼ󣬱伫Ѫս
սһٶʮʱ䡣
һٶʮʱڣλϴӵܹһͳ£ԺַʽͿʤΪϴһεļ̳ߡ
ᱻǸС磬̶пΪ
ϴͶСӵܣǴͬλӵ֮оϸѡ߰λӵܡ
ͶŵС֮ǰгĶ㽻ͨսú֮
ԣϴҵļ̳ˣܹһٶʮһͳǸСġ
ԭҲܼ򵥣һĳһм⼸λ̳ˣͻ϶Կ󹲴档
ʱӵѡ֮󣬴£޷һͳһдһλ̳ˡ
ǿһλͻᱻΪϴҵμдļ̳ˣѡ
ѡļ̳˹ϵãôͿԳΪѡμұۣϾܹӵѡлģߡ
ѡļ̳˹ϵãǻһ·Ƿſ꣬дϴеط
ȻջһʽǰȥԼƴ
ѡӡѡѡ̣Ŀڰ֮ڽһСͼ塣
ֻڰڽһСͼ壬ܹٴϵҲϴңһ̶ϵķ֣׳
ȻͻΪϴҵı̥Ϊϴ塣
һ죬ϴұܻҸˣųնˣôּҾͿԱ֤ϴѪŻϴҡ
ͨ£ϴǼصģѹ޷֪
Ԫ֪֮£Ϊңʵϴǧǰͷֳȥһϴ塣
ԪǵҼĴӣΪ޷̳мҵϴҪε֣ҵͽԪ͵Ѳ
ԪҲֻиĸҲҵļ̳͵أ˼صмд£֪¡
˳Ҷ档
鱨Ҷո֪ʱһֻĸо
ֲôܵλʥӶѲϴǧ޿κΡ
ϴҵľӪ̫̫ˣӪ꣬ǵжϴ塣
ÿ꽨һϴ壬ɹֻɣôϴҵϴ壬Ҳжʮɡ
ʮǧ굽Ĺϼ壬Ȼȫϴҵϴ壿
صжôֲ
˵ǣԪԣϾ̫ˣ´ǲϴҿƵġ
˻սңϴʧʧˣˣϴҲźüϴ塣
Ҷŵɽڵĺϣϴҵϴ塣
ҲԪΨһȷϴҵϴ塣
ϾؼΪϵϴҵؼ壬ٳǧꡣ
Ѳ³ؾɽǳݳϡ
ΪЩԶĹϵϴҶ֧ϴѾ̫ôˡ
ϴҵĸⶼн˵ѲѲеͷĿķ֮һճء
ȻϣΪѲ³ؾɽԵʡ
ʵϣȴΪؼϴϴԭ
ϣҲԪĿǰΨһ֪һϴҵϴ塣
ͬʱҲҶҹĿꡣ
ҶһҲСѲϴǧš
ԣڽϴ¾һֻ֮˴ɽСèٶȣһ֮ڣԶݰ
Ȼڶϴܱʮ֮⣬Ƶϴйϵϴҷּҵسǣĸ
Ǽ̫ˣҶѹҶ֡
ᣬҶλƽݸڵݣ춯ֵĶϴسǣһʮҡ
ڶϣصĳȻǺ壬ȴҪСܶ࣬ҪڶϴϣҲҪСܶࡣ
ǣˣЩ𽥴ѲҪְ
ĵصƷײߣʤ࣬Էǳʺֲҩ
ؼҪҩ⡣
Ԫ˵ؼҳҩҪϽϴǧħҩ˽⣬ݶҪռĳϡ
Ȼ޷붫ϴȣȴԲС
ڣҶѾִʱˣʱڣҶƵƵ֣̽صľ鱨
Ҷɵսپ飬£ð죬һֵǿߣҶԿ͵öͻᱬ¶ˡ
ԣҪԸؼңҶһ£Ҫȷûеǿ
ҶǱؼ׽ؼѻ֮󣬵óϢ
ؼȷʵеǿߣһλڵǿ
ǣڴǰؼҵλǿȴڽһǿ䱸֮󣬾ͼҴҵ뿪δ顣
˵ʵһϢ
ҲҶӵľ衣
ϴϱɽ٣ѾϴǧŲʲôҪȻϴ壬Ҳ˼ǿ䱸
ѲҹĽǿߣȻλ
ֻҪûеǿߣѲҹĽǿ߰λʮλҶԣûʲô
ΪҶ£ħ
֮ǰϴ֮ʱҶµħһһǧˣоųɾͨ񾳵ħꡣ
ħλˣĽһˡ
ϾϴϵĽǿߣҲǳصġ
ӣ󲿷ֽˣҪġ
ħӶԣֻҪսѪڣЩ⡣
սѪɵĶϴϾжѪɷܹ֮˵Ĳڳ׻ָ
һ˵ʵ
Ϊ˱ھųҶ潫ھŵΪ˽أѡħ꽫ֱΪ˽ء
ʱսѪļӳ£֧⵶СӿɶԸڵߡ
Ҷħ˧Ϊľ޴Ҷǽħ˧Ϊӽ˽ء
ĽǣսѪ⽵һѪ⣬Ϊ㶼һҡ
ѪϴϴһսҶµħս
һ֮ǰ˲ĸӣκһ˻߷ߣ
ɱ
ĺɱ쳹ģصгˣˣ


1780 
ʲôûϢһʱˣ˿켣Ҳ
һȺ
飬Ͻ飬޻һʱ䣬һ֮ڣٲ鲻κʱ򣬱ѲԲ˺ùӣһҲ
ѲϴǧЪ˹ŭţ޲ýķŭӡͳȥ֮С
ʱϴǧᵽҶ֮ǰѾˡ
ľһµաһ㣬һĽĲӣԽԽѹԽԽ
ڴӻ۹鱨ϵĵ٣ͷ亹Ҳˡ
Ҷ֮ǰһǧħ֣֮ǣѲϡ
ҪΪҶĵڶ·ѲʹǽεģֵľĿҲ٣Ӱޡ
ڣȴʮħ
ȻֳµһӰӦòʮħϢѾˡ
ӰɲһĴ
ʱ򣬾йϽƽݵѲʹףѲţԻܵǣǴǣ
٣ѯЩСӺѰûгɹһżѲϴǧ
ǣ
֮ٿյһݷɫЩѿ
شˣʮ֧СĿǰûзκõУʮͷ׷ٵѰޣҲûκջ
׷ǧ֮󣬾ͷĲӬһ㣬ҲκϢˡ
ʲô
ѲϴǧŶʲôҲѵֻʮħƾʧ˲ɣ
ʮ˵ħôƾʧ
ʮ˵ħѲĵɱ֮󣬾Ȼƾʧˡ
𰸣ñôԳ͢ôԸ
˵ȥ˶ΪǱڽЦգ
ϴǧŵĭһ٣ֻεİ硣
ʮСӶҲֻ˵йŹ֡
پģ¸֮ǰԸҶֶΣֱһģһ
ֶֻα֮ǰݸλ
ˣ²ã
Ȼ䣬һӴ⴫ͼѲ³ؾɽײײܹ龪̡
ϴǧٶһۣɫͬʱһ䡣
³ؾɽѲˣǿԸȴΪأΡ
ͬʱͬʱ˳ȥһһҷסĵ³ؾɽ
ʲôˣ
ش£ˣ
ˣ
һؾɽͬžѪһ㣬δˡ
ϴǧپͲˡ
ҲŭһؾɽȻ˵ˣֱæһȥؾɽű뿪ڡ
ˣħոաոѪϴǳؼң
ʲô
ϴǧĿԺȻ
ҳǧˣɱǧˣֻʣһ¶ͯҴ
˵ţؾɽѾ
尡
Ѿǽǳˡ
ǳĿǰһǿߺؾɽڣǳҪָҲҪѵϢпܡ
ϴؾһʮ⡭ôܡ
ͬʱֳ򼱳ʮ𼱣
ˣݵʮ𼱾Ѷ
ѶߵȼľѶ£ʮ궼ᶯһΡ
Ѳϴǧžһ˹ȥ˾Ѷ
һۣϴǧž͸оѪӿͷĿѣһûڵء
ʮħͻɽأѪϴ˴صĳظջ˴Ķҩʧء
ʵϴǧģʧ
Щʧϴһܵһּ֧һ֧屻ʧ˽ʮ£ϴңҲԳܵ
ϴǧųܲǣʮħٴǡ
⽫ѲܵѹɱɱɵĺӵĶӡ
Ҫǣһʱڣʮħƶһʮﰡ
ٶȣ̫Ҫˡ
ٶȣֻдľӣۣȻٲϧһǺʯģпܴﵽ
ҪʮһʱڲϹŲ˶һʮܹɵķÿһޱȵľ޴£ǴҲᶯá
ȻһַС컯ˣ˵ʮǰҲ˲Ϣ
ǣҪ컯Ҫʰϴҵķּһ壬õ鷳
һưȥϴسǻߴسǾ˼ʧˡ
õŽһħӵ
鱨ϴǧŶͷ亹ˡ
ϴСӺ͸飬ɽΪģ䷽Բ
ͬʱѲ壬ر߾˧ۣϧһдڰ֮ڸϵطԲ֮ڡ
Ѳ˾ԮɳͬʱѲ˾㱨¡

һ֮ѲϴǧЩʧڵء
˵ʵѡͳ߳Сüμʸ֮󣬾ʹδֵּ
ǰѲһоƿ֮У֮ǰҶڣҲָɽ
һɲǣϴǧŸоѲѾЩʧˡ
ˣ⣬⣡
㿴Ϯÿζɱĸ׶Բħµ硣
ˣ㿴ϮسǣÿΣֻسĺ壬Ҳϴؼҡ
ңһǴϴҵķּңһǳشµļ壬ȫѲġ
ˣҸ߶Ȼһдйϵپ
˭
Ҷ棡
ܣҶжʮħ𣿱˵Ҷ棬ǱҲûѲϴǧ˵
Ǵˣ²ܵѾˣң֮ǰΪ˶ԸҶ涨µļƻҲҶûзĿܡ
ƫƫҶŪһǧħӵԴһ٣
ˣһǧħӵԴϾ֤ˣҶħйϵǲ֪ϵ˵
˵ʧѲĿ⿴١
ˣ㲻µֶ֮ǰԸҶļƻе¾ģ£ʮа˾Ҷйأٶ϶
ѲϴǧŵУһ˿ѪɫȻ͵ߣ汾һ˱
ԣٴˡ
ˣֵ˹ؼʱ̣뿪ȥĻǲǡ
ϴǧŵ¶֮ɫѾȫȥˣҵȻϢҲʲôã
ȥ֤һжϣ£ǲҶɵģɵģǿɾ;ˡ
ʵ϶еˣȻܹħʮ˴ܸأô
Цŵͷ֮࣬ٽչĹȵ³ؾɽ֮󣬾Ѳϴǧųһ˱ķ
ͬһɲǣػʹ
ʼ¡ŸոյļѶһĹŹ֮ɫ
䣬ôţֵħЩԾǰЩħ֮Ϳ̼ɱ⣬Ӳڡ
ʮħôֻѲ߲㱳ļ֣


1781 ɵģ
£ݳؼңʵؼܵڰǰѾȷؼѲϴҵϴ塣
ʼ¡ʣڼܹ㳯һ䣬һ֤ʵʼ¡˵
㳯Ļô˾Ԥ΢ʼ¡Ŀһ
ҪĻʮħôеϴңѲϴǧš
ڱѲϴǧš
䣬˵أʼ¡˵
˾ԤĶͷʼˣ⣬ɲûش
ôشʮħϢǱܸףⶼѲ˾ʧְ
ң˱ô˭ôʮħ
Щ⣬һһ֡
Ԥͷðģʼ¡Цˣ䣬ưŵģô𣿡
ֻǵ뷨˵ʲô޶
ˣлʴȡ
ò˵µȷʵͬһ㣬ƾЩ鱨ץ¼Ҫ㡣˾ԤɫСһƨһγֵħȷʵǳԣȻ»ڡ
ħϰԶԣֱǲܵ顣ϮĵصԽô󣬶ϴйز˵ͨϰա
ⷽ˵µƶȷʵпܡ
ǣ߻ָ߱ʹߣ˭أ˵ʵΪֹҲû뵽һдĻɶ񡣡Ԥ˵
ԣʵ˵ͷҲɻĵطħսɸӣҲܷŽʮħ
ЩݻСĵܣȴȫûҪô
ԣҲ벻ͨ
˵Ŀͻһûз֣£ǰݵ飬һģһ
ȫħ֣һ󶯾֮ƾʧ
ֻԵĿ겻ͬǰԵҶ棬ԵѲϴǧš
˵᲻ǡҶǸһıֶΣ
ʼ¡ﲻݣ㳯ԤͬʱһΡ
ȷʵܣǳҶôԤ˵
Ҳġֻǣ⵽˭ɵأʼ¡ҡͷˣµı˭䣬׷ǡ
֮νµݺݵĿϴǧһѣβ󲻵Ѳأ
ԣ˾Ԥ͵ͷ£ѲǱܲɳ´ľ
۽Σƾ޷ʰѲϴǧŵģǣȴԽ£Ѳٶ¼Ŷӡ
Ҷûʼ¡˾ԤĶԻҶʼ¡Ѿڻ»Ծѡ
ʼ¡ȻڴвʲôǸλϼ꣬򵥣
Ѳȫ׷ֵʮħ˾Ԥľʱ޻а첻ʱѲϴǧͻȻ˱
ʲôϴѲ
ְڶ·Ѳʹʹ㣬رشһʱѲϴǧŲȥָħ䣬Ǳʲô
룡
ȥӭ
ȻѲϴǧҶܲԸǺ޲һϴǧűϾǵڶ·ѲʹĶͷ˾еı湦ǵеġ
ӭȥϴǧž󲽵Ĵ˵ڶ·ѲʹãˣҶ
һ仰˵꣬ϴǧžʹ𵶵õλϣڡ
һЩΪˣҼѲʹϴͻƱжϣϴ֮󣬾ֱչȥˣչѾ¡
չأ
ϴǧЦչʱҲǻģȻǻģǾܶѶ򣬱ʱһʧְ֮
һΪ֮һݣɫˣڶ·ѲʹһӦְ˾Ŀǰȫ´ܣһӦȫתҪЭһ£ǵڶ·ѲʹҲɳ֮һ֣ʧְ
ǴһҪʧְ֮µֻߵѲ˾ã
һӣϴǧŵĺǲˬ˼˼Ϣ֮ϴǧžȻҶڱչأǾʹȥǲڱչأ
⣿Щԥ
ôҲĻҪɣҶǲڽչصĿʲô˵ġ

Цش⴫ϴǧŵѿȻѾЦ˭
ϴѲҪ£ͺãǱ
Ҷ棿
ŽҶ棬ѲϴǧŵͫһǱչؽˣ
չѽ˵£ոջҶ˵
ʲô£ϴǧ׷ʵ
ޣҲʲô£ҶһĵģиǰЩҸ˵£Һܲʹ죬ⲻҲȥ˵£ȻɱǸҲܶĶǸ
ţ㣿
ǰ仰ϴǧűû⣬Ҷһ˵ϴǧžζˡ
ʱϴǧҪٲҶ˼ǾǴˡ
ҶָɣϴǧͬʱҶ⻰˼ôϴǧſɲΪ
ǰЩħֵ飬Ҷ治ʹ죬ôʮħרɱϴһһ£Ҷڱϴǧţ
һˣϴǧŵ˫ʱ͵˸ԲҶ˫ۣ
ɵģ
ϴǧһһٵŭУɱŭһȥ


1782 µծÿ죡
ʲôҸɵģ鷳Ѳ˵һ㡣ҶһЦ⡣
ʵϣҶҲǸոմݷء
ԭҶļƻǴٸ飬ٸɵһϴҵķ֧塣
ǣҶˡ
̧ͷ죬ÿһϢӰӹ
ԭħﴫʮħ𶯣ֱٱ֮ǰһǧħǱ롣
Ѳɳ˺ٲ飬ؼࡢѲ˾ݿפ̲̽ӣѰʮħ䡣
ħսԭҲɳһ֧ҵĿﲿЭ
Ͼʮ˵ħӣѾһս۵ˣҪҳ
£Ҷٸ£ָᱻץš
ҪǱץţôҶٲˣ·һлᣬɲǰ衣
£ҶɴͻˣγսԸϴǧ鷳ˡ
Ҷû뵽ǣջϴǧŵ
ѲϴǧųҶıôҶҲϿԲ³һԭ
ԵģҶͰٵĶһϴǧţ˷ŵһĻ
װɵˣҶ棬ָ֪ʲô£մ㣬û뵽ȴϹۡ
˵㵽ôģϴǧĶҶ
ҶЦתһߣѲ˵Цˣһ治֪Ѳָʲô¡
Ѳɣó֤ݵĺá
֤ݡ
ϴǧųһ䣬ȻٲڣĿĶҶ棬ƺ˼ʲô
ҶէһҲΪϴǧ˼֤ݵ飬ҲһɲǣҶͷͻ֡

ͬһɲǣʾֱ괫ķʽһʱӡֵҶ֮С
ʱҶ漸Ǳһ㣬һξͻһӰ
Ҳһɲǣ˼ϴǧϢ͵ر໯ӰҶ浱ͷ¡
ǿֲĵϢɲǣʱͽ˳ײĶ᲻˵ڶ·ѲʹҲںȻл˷档
ͬʱϴǧµĴ͵סҶӰ
û˿ͣ͵ģϴǧŵĴִ֮£Ŀˮһ㣬Ȼݣĵۿɼٶ
ܼĹͷѵѪ쳹
ȴϴǧһƺӰ죬Բǧ֮ڵĽµߣ׷׹ǶѹѪ
Ҳһɲǣϴǧŵɫһϣޱȵѿ
ĴָµҶӰȻֻǲӰ
֮Ҷȫ֮£˳ȥ
ʮգҶ濴űϴǧһ֮ŪĹǶѪɫ䡣
֮Ȼˡ
ϴǧţȻ˵Ŀֲ
ҶľȵǣŵϴǧţȻһеҪء
ӦΣǰʾҶŷԴĶ̾ƶط˵ϴǧŵĵˡ
Ӧ֮Ҷ治ɵôŭ
ĿŵĶɱϴǧҲ̫޷ˡ
ҶʵʱɫѿϴǧźһͻȻ⶯ҶѲʹ֣û뵽ҶѲʹ󣬹治һ㡣
˵ᣬܹϴǧŴʱյ񣬾ͻ֣ᷢϴǧŵУȫ⡣
ϴǧŷţҪɵҶ档
ֻҪŸɵҶ棬ٽĿ߸ڣ黹ô˵ô˵
ʼ¡ΪһˣðѲ鱨ϵͳ̱鱨ԱתͶħĿԣϴǧ˺
ǾԲܣ
Ƿϴǧ¾ҪɵҶĵ
һССҶ棬ɵ͸ɵˣֻҪˣ˭Ϊһ˸ġ
ϧǣҶ澹Ȼ㿪ˣϴǧޱȵź
£һξͳɡ
ϴǧſԺƤڶεΣѾ˷Ҷ棬ǾԲڶλᡣ
Ҷٶȣ潫ˡ
ȻҪ졣
һޱȵϢشӱɷĵڶ·ѲʹñϢϴǧźǲ
ͷɲǣϴǧžͿһɱһĿⶢĳֹ
ֹȨԵǰߡ˾ְĴܵһͬʱҲ
ϴǧΪӣ˳ֹǱҪģҪȻθӻʼ֮ȻᱻôԲ
Ŷһ²һµԭѲϴǧŵųֹ񣬡Ѳϴǧţֹ¡
ͻҲѲϴǧųֹһɲǿʼ
ϴǧŹɲǣֹκƮϴǧţһ͸ϴǧš
컯بź֮ٵĿֲѹ
컯ϴǧŴ̧ͷ
˵ʲôֹĲ컯־ϴǧŵͷѹ£ֹһƣȴޱȡ
Ŀ֮Уϴǧżεһĳͼ³ֹһǱ컯Ĺ
ҲΪ˱
ޱȵײһϴǧ׻һ㣬߸׷ɳƺ͸첲ͷͣ
еѪȪһ粻ͣ
ˣپһؽס˵ϴǧţСĿŷ쭵ĳֹ
ʱϴǧţȴһı֮ɫϳ㲻ˣֱԣΪҪ͵Ϯϳϳ´˶֣
ԣֹȴ¶һ˿ƤЦݡ
֣Ѳ˰־޴⡣
ֻǷżѲչ¶ϢҶѲʹֺһʱͻȻ⶯µϴѲ֡
ǳû뵽ȻûסϴѲѽǱǸ
˵ֹһ޹գգ۾Ѳû°ɣϺõҩԸѲãУֿѲ򸸻ʸϢˡ
⻰һԵҶ¶Цݣϴǧֱۡ
ʲôµծÿ죬ͽµծÿ졣
ϴǧˣֹΪǰͻϮҶΪء
ͬ˵Ǻַϴǧš
ϴǧʧˣֹȴɹˡ
ϴǧǸưƫƫ˵ʲô
ֹ˵ǸѧģҪֵǰǾӶ˶Ĳ
ңֵǰʲôã
ǣϴǧһĳһƿ
ֹõǿ컯
һƾͽ˲˵ʱ컯ڷڣұ۵ڲͣĶš
ΪǰƣûһĹ޷׻ָġ
ϴǧִݺѪ̵֮С
ȻֹܽôϴǧӦһ䣬ֻƵ뿪
뿪֮ʱҶȴϴǧź뿪ġ
ϴѲֵ˶֮½ϴѲԺǰһ㣬ٴʮħŰ޷ճʱҶζ˵
ϴǧžٱҲҶ仰˼
в
Ƕϴǧųв
ϴǧٸҶ棬ôħͻٴγ֡
ǻѪյϴǧţҶ仰ĿĶҶ棬в
ҶȴһֵͿѲôˣߺãͣ
Ҷ֮⣬ΪвҲԵġ
뿪ϴǧţ


1783 Ѳ
ʣѲϴǧŲûɴ˾Ԥľ
û취ҥʮħĿǰȫҶռ֮У˭ҵ
˭뵽
Ȼϼ޻Ѳϴǧţû
ܶ෽ʡ
Ҷ֮ǰõҽķѲϴǧҲ
ǣһε¼ɲ֮ǰݺҶʱõһǧħӣʮħ
һǧħսʿͷƾϴǧŵӺ໨ʯҲܹħǱ򵽵ġ
ʮħʮ򰡡
ûκһħ߾ῳʮսʿͷ͸
УǴҲϴǧܹġ
ϴǧϴǧŵơ
Ҷ棬һɲ˾һþܹҶĸһˡ
Ѳϴǧŵãòϴǧϡ
˵ˣѲϴǧȴø˾죬ø͢һ
֮󣬾Ϣ˳
Ѳ·Ѳʹ·ѲʹְأʹħŰиܣʹħߣնң
֮⣬Ѳ·Ѳʹʹ·Ѳʹʹͬﴦ·Ѳʹ·ѲʹôСְһˣһǧ
ͬʱѲҴ³ؾɽܣսն
ݴþڴǬȺһͨʥּķʽ´ġ
ִǰѲϴǧҲ赲
Ѳԭ˽ᵳӪ˽ΪƽֻҪռһֵʼ¡ҪѲҲǧѡ
һһĳվԡ
һβһ
ڴܣԸħȷûҵħûɶԸħľǾβȷ
£ϴǧŵĵٶ࣬Ҳ޷⡣
ԣһѲ޷ɾĴãĿ٣ûκ
񣬰Ҷûɴ˾ľǱϴǧݺɹôʱԼλѲʹĴþǰ
ѲУʥּʹո뿪Ѳϴǧžͽʥּ˺ϡã﷢˷·Ұһķŭ
ˡλѲʹ޶ѾķԸǰ˹ϹĬȻ
仰ûϴǧŵŭϨٴγ·Ѳʹ
ĹѲʧȥ·ѲʹĿƣһΣʵ϶ȻԴֱӿսѲʹ
ʵ϶ǴѲڲֵڶҶţ
ǧ꣡
ǧûѲһöӣڱУ̶䣬ʵ϶ѾҪöˣö
˵Ѳϴǧкظһ˿־֮ɫҪȥЩϼһǻ˺Ұ
ϴǧ𡮼ϼһҲ˾֮ɫȴּᶨҡҡͷ
ˣġ
ҶһǸһصΪȻܹڴ˵Ĺӳ졣
ļһм
Ҷͨͨļһʵ϶ҵʵ϶սѲʹҲ͸¶ѡ˵
ôһ˵ϴǧżؿڲһ
ҲڴʱһѶϴǧŵС
һۣϴǧŵɫһ͵һ߬еķѶ˲ػ˷ɻҡ
ˣʲôˣٹе
غؼҵڳغķѶؼѾ壬ӽˣȫȫؼʮӳɲģͼ˳ؼҡ
˵ţϴǧŵɫٴһࡣ
ףѲ³ؾɽɵġ
û취εӰ̫ˡ
ʮħѲʹǿǵطѲʹѲŵΣ˱
Ѳڣܱεֻˣϴǧš³ؾɽҴ١
ұۣϴǧű˸ܣֻƳ³ؾɽˡ
ǳؾɽһؼҵĳ˾ˣ˵ǿ߳غǼ֮⡣
ϴǧźףǳغ̬ȣҲڱĲ
֮һ¼Ѳ·ѲʹĿȨһ²˵ϴǧʧһλǿߡ
һλǿߣٿɵְλλͨ
ϴǧŵʧν
ſҪߵϴǧţæˣغһ㲻ؾᣬغá
պҪ֮Ҳܾá
ޣ㣿ϴǧ
ˣһ֮𣬶ǳؼҵӣҪ˳غ֮ʣҲҾܾ˵
ԣϴǧĬȻΡ
ٵĻȨοȻƾպҲԵغλǿߣǱϾ޷ǰһ㣬һֽͿɵޱȡ
ˣ£Ҫ죬¿԰šϴǧųݲ⣬ٴνԵ
ϴǧȴǻ˻֣غ飬Ⱦɣֵ֮ʮħһ£Ҫи
ԣٵüͷҲ
ȻľһѾˣõʥּҲ´ˣѲ³ؾɽҲ
ˣǲʮħܹȥ
˵ﴳһߣڳһ֮ͻȻҲˣûз뿪ĺۼ
֮
㻹ܰסڼ
ǲܣ
ôͬģʧʮħҲ
ʧҲżġ
ҲĿǰϴǧǰ⣡


1784 ѲЭ
ܳ͢شӿ촦漰ʮħһµһ˵ȡ
ʱ䣬ɴ˾Ԥɫѡʼ¡׿ϵѲʹʹŴֺɽѹˡ
εǣʶµöӡλѲʹˣѲϴǧȴûʱҲûодλѲʹ
ֵʮħͬһɽһ㣬ѹѲϴǧŵͷϣѹϴǧͷʹޱȣѲѲԺͷ̽ǿ಻ԡ
ÿһѲѲԺͷ̽ɢ˷伫ѰʮħµĺۼͲĵط
µ¡ɽľصװӣͲûд꿪ÿһˡ
Ҷĵڶ·ѲʹҲ⣬òɳһϵֲѰңãҲӡ
ԴѲ³ؾɽն֮󣬵Ѿһˡ
ѲµѲֿ̽಻ԵѾһˣÿ˵۾ĸһ㡣
ʵϣѲ಻ԣ£ǣ̫ˡ
Ѳ֮⣬µƽݡܱ߸ݣ׷׽伶ߡ
˲жף배ر͸פȫս״̬һз紵ݶ鿴ʮħͻϮǡ
߼ľ䣬øͨޱȻʿʼȱԹ𣬵ƫƫ˸ҷɡ
ҪʮħͻȻðһسǣ˭
˭ܸ
֮⣬Ѳ˾Ĵ֧Ԯ֣һѲԣǿ಻ԡ
ǵǿߣһ¸ǿȵĲ߲ݵһ£Ҳܲˡ
ҪǣӰ쵽ħս
ԭħսҪħһ򣬾ƷǳĽţǺҲԴ󳯸غ󷽣ȴǳĿɡ
ǺڻأҲ˱Ӫأǰ߽ʿݷɵĵط
ʮħϢһ֣˲Ϣú󷽱ǰߣħսĴ󷽺òңæŲһͨ
ʱʱʮħͻϮ
ΣѾӰ쵽ħսת
˵µӰ󲻴
Ѳϴǧűѹж
ѩƬһĹģÿһķѲŪѲϴǧüͷͷ˼
ȥѲҲñ
ҪǵģųҰĺԽԽߣԹԽԽһã͢ҪٴһθµѲ
ҪѲϴǧžҪˡ
Ȼ˵ٱŪһѲʹĸڰӴѲ㲻Ĵ
һϴǧϴҵĵλɾ᧿Σˡ
ܵ峤ϴҵǴ
ϴǧΪ֮ôȫϣҲᱻλΪܡ
ʱǼλ˵ͻз֮£¼ϴҹš
ʵϣ£ϴǧٵ⣬ϴǧżĵط
ʮħϴǧѾжϣ뿪ˡ
⣬ʮħ뿪ˣҲҪҳһ֤֤£ܻĿǰľơ
ҲܽĿǰٵΣ

ڣոѲפӪҶ棬ųֹ֮ڴϸ
ʱʱĳ·̯á
·ֹ̯ǲԸġ
ڳһζ֮󣬾Ͳôˡ
Ȼ£ȥôʤڳԵ̹
ֹϲģȴ·̯Щܱˡʺһ㣬ȴֺΡΡ
ֻҪǳֹϲģҶͨͨɨһѣȥ֮ҶʦԳ֣Ʒʣһһ죬óֹϲʢ
˵ʵһ£Ҷ볤ֹΪеһ¡
ÿ촦񣬹¼½չȻǶڿΪ
ǱиСؤҶ磬죡
һĿ֮󣬳ֹҶɱȥϸĴһ֮󣬳ֹ߳£
ʱοճ֣ǸСؤŵ۴С
ʵֹôǺġ
ҪЩСؤȫ͵ķصĻׯǸһ·ЩСؤѹͨɴͲñֶˡ
ǱˣҶ졭ˣǳֹԡ
ҶȥʱһѶһۣҶͱù
Ѳϴǧ
ĻرҶȴˣѲϴǧϸ¸һˣɱӳֹ˱
ʲô
ѲϴǧҶ滹ûΪʮħ飬ϴǧǰѲʹ
Ѳһ˵ȣ϶£ñչءͻơȫڸϽָӴ
Զͷ˾ѲĹģҶ滹ûΥ
Ѳȴûʲô⡣
ǣҶǸֹ֣Ժһʱ֮󣬲ŷ˵ڶ·Ѳʹո½ɵá
Ҷ汾ΪѲϴǧſܻ𣬵û뵽ޱȵİ
Ѳϴǧһڻš
Ҷ֣Ϳӭˣôˮʮ˻ˡ
Ҷָָϴǧŵûôɣ
ԣҲ¶˹Ź֮ɫûӵ֮󣬾һֱš
Ҷ棬м£̸̸ҶѲϴǧŷ²豭˵
̸ϴǧŲһ䡣
ޣҶ۾һ̸ϴѲʲô˰ɣ
Ҷô˵ϴǧѸƴָ罣һԼҪѨϵһ飬ÿһѨλһƻ̾š
ϴشʩڵǿϣҲĪ֪ƽ֮ҪҪһϢҵʱ䣬㹻˰ɣϴǧĿ˵
ҶĿΪ֮һϴǧһ֣ȥʮ㡣
һϢҵʱ䣬㹻Ҷ֮ززˣϴǧҪ̸
Ϣ֮Ҷңϴǧһطǰͬʱɢ𵴿һʽ
Ҷ棬һףϴǧſżɽ˵
ףǸʲ𰡡㲻׵Ҷ˵
ϴǧȴһҲҪһ֤ݣһʮħѾ뿪֤ݡ
ͬʱӴ˿𣬱ĬҶĵڶ·ѲʹĶҴӽٲڶ·Ѳʹ
صҵĶľţ㲻ң಻ΪС
Ҷţ۾ȴϴǧ˵꣬ҲٿڣǾĿҶ棬ȴҶĴ𰸡
֮ҶͻЦˣ֤ݣҲûС˵ˣտƾҶ˿˵˵ǵˮ©Ҫ̸˿ʵ
Ѳһ飬ִߣоֻԱѲ𣬿ӱѲ֮κ˵
δҲԿܱѲ˵Ѳϴǧһ٣Ѳ˾нһ£Ӧ֪ġ
Ҷ˵ͷ֪ҲϿ˵ǣȱô
Ҫʲôϴǧʵ


1785 
ػʹڣʼ¡Ŵ˾ԤϵһӰüͷĽһ֡
䣬ǡģ
һĨӰеӰͷ·ͶӰһ㣬ڶչֿ
ȥӦһǲɽڣɽڣӰӰ´¡ǧٹֵħ
Щħм䣬һ׿ʮ׵йţʱħӿǵй֮С
ħ̤й֮󣬾ƾʧ
ÿһϢнǧħսʿйʧϢĹɽӰӰ´µħʧӰ١
£ϴǧŵ˵ѲµһѲ;дһɽ֮зֵ龰ΪֻһˣҴݾߣ֪ͨ˸ֻ֮ͬӰ۲졣
ϧǣͬŸϹʱʮħѾȫǸйʧˡ˾Ԥ
䣬Ӱôʼ¡ûʵ
£˵
£˾ԤҲЩò׼ϴǧͼôһӰ֤ʮħѾȥĿǰֻԣֻ˵ٲ롣
ٲ룿ô˵ʼ¡ʵ
£ֻһӰֻܴӰԼǵйſĳСͨڣʮħȿֺĴСͨ뿪
ǣܿϢҲЩѹ޷ижϡӰѲֻһˡ
Ҫǣ͵͵ǱѲԣͷȻħͳ󽫸ֲһնɱˡ
ӰҲյѶϵͬż񵽵ġ
ⷽ˵Ӱѹ޷֤Ӱġ
˵ֹģӰǺٵġǶĵǿߵĻҲﲻ̶ȡ
ңӸѲϴǧҲҸ١
ϴǧʮħѾ뿪֤ݣʮħû뿪һЩʱٴγףôʱϴǧžΪѲҲ𡣡˾Ԥ˵
ʼ¡Ŀһô˵Ӱǳͬģ
˰ɡ˾Ԥ˵ͷ£³ѾзԹصҲǲţһˡ
һ
ĬϢ֮¡صͷȻˣͽӰ͵ฮѸ°ɣͬʱͨ˾
ǣּԤͷ
£ֻΡһοսȥĵ·ѲʹҪ޶ˣҪɹȨ
ҲѧҶһܹɹѲôѲ֮һ޵ˡ
պϴϣҲ˼ֵ
˵ʼ¡һ٣Ϊһʧ䲻һš
ǱϴǧŸˡ
ףһɱµС˵꣬˾Ԥ͸ˡ
Ԥ뿪֮ʼ¡ȴЩ˷ܵĥȭֻҪ··ѲʹɹȨ׿·ѲʹôҶ棬Ǻչʮꡣ
֮꣬˵ܹϴβĻ츣Ҽ
飬Ҷһ·Ѳʹڣ·Ѳʹµعţһϴǧʲô춯뷨֪ͨǡʼ¡
ǣūּ
һӰĴо̲Ѳ˾Լݿĵ·зħʮ¼ʱһ䡣
פ˾ԱһڿϢˡ
е˯ŵģеͲģɼһε¼Ӱ쵽ж
ƽݡݺܱ߸ݵս״̬ͨйƾ͵ؽÿʼͨС
ͬʱƽħսҲٴθƽһεĽѵħսĴԪ˧ԭѾħս󷽹һ򵥵ķߣԷֹдٴη
ò˵ֵʮħھس֮Ȼȥڴܵĸţһݳ衣
׵Ѳ˾챻˲˵˾ԤѲϴǧŵ¸ѩƬһ
ʼ¡Ŀǰʰϴǧţǽͷݺݵѵһͨϴǧš
һݿѵ⣬һʥּ⣬Ūϴǧű׵ͬʱҲѲŵķΧޱȡ
ѲҶͱȽˣǻˡ
ʣϴǧϽǷݿսӰ򣬾ǳҶ
Ҷϴǧ̸˽֮ҶҪóӦ֤սָˡ
ħһȦҶԸʵûǸӰ
Ҷұ֤ħҪǸҳ¶棬ַӾͻᱻΧ˸һɶ
浱ͷϻǳصģ
ϵλ͵ǿߣͿȫ
ȴֱϴǧṩһݿսµ֤ݡ
գҶõԪ鰢
һĻʦģټ̫ıԴǿߵ涼οӰӰ
ԣҶ˸طʩŨŨȴɰʩչҶ¼һӰ
֮ҶͽǷӰ򽻸ϴǧš
Ҷ˵ҲܽµһѲдһɽ¼µӰ
ñϴǧŰʹʲôֶζ˰ѱ
ôԲô࣬ǾϴǧԼˣҶ棬ҲõԼҪģֻŽˡ
㣬׼ôˣҶʵ
شˣѾ׼ˣʱԳ˵
ͷ֮ʣҶóһöӡһݸ㣬ΪѲ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹºԭѲ縱ʹ
ԣ㵥ϥؽӹҶеӡ±ضС
˵ͷҶ㣬Ѳںԭİ̽ʹá
ںԭԷĴ󵨵ĸɡ
סһ£ǱҪԭϹŲεĿС
ǺԭϹŲŲƣһҪŵùա
˷ġ
Ϣ֮ŵڶ·Ѳʹ֮һдӱоϸѡһ񣬿ԭ
ԭѲȨϽȨҶѲϴǧĽ
ᵽѲϽȨҪ˵һҶĿǰĵڶ·Ѳʹˡ
ԭѲڶ·ѲʹϽ򣬹ݡ
ѲʹҶ֣֮Ҷֱʼ¡ǿΪѲڶ·Ѳʹ֮󣬾˱仯ˡ
ʼ¡ʥּϴǧ޷ܵģϸ¡
Ҷ֮ϴǧžԵڶ·ѲʹҪؽΪɣڶ·ѲʹĹϽ򣬴һݡ
ֻϽڵıݡ
൱ڽڶ·ѲʹӰʵֱӿȥ߳ࡣ
ڵʱ£ֻѲȥһӣЩϸڲں
Ҷֵ£Ҳȷʵûʲôõ֣죬ҲǴӵ۶عմģèСèֻ
ֻϽһݾһݰɣҲʲôʲ
ԭҶǲںģŵڶ·Ѳʹ뱱ķչ׳ҶţͺбҪˡ
ǺԭĹϽȨҶһõֵɡ


1786 ԭб
ڶ·Ѳʹýܱ߼ݣԭ֮һϹŲ֮⣬һϹŲ
ϹŲҲݸ֮صѲڵݡ
ܵĹأ¸ϹŲ󣬱߾͵۶ԼϹŲɾա
صϹŲɸݿѲ˾ִͬơ
ݿƹϹŲĳ룬Ѳ˾ƽУ켩鱨
ǶԷڵϹŲֲһ
ڵϹŲһ㶼ǽɹϽõصѲ˾ƿأŲƲ룬ҲѲ˾ȡȡһϽ⡣
ȶԣⲿ룬ҲǷǳɹ۵ġ
ȥŲƵģһߴǧƷʯϽɹ֮߳ҲӯƷʯ
κ˶κһԣһʷǳɹ۵ˡ
ҶҪԭĹϽȨΪƷʯ롣
ƷʯȻɹۣոϴ˶ϴϵĳؼҵҶ棬
Ҷصģ⴦ϹŲսá
Ҷ˺ԭϹŲôҶϽĵؽƿͻɱɱ
ؼʱ̣ܹȡķӦʱ䡣
ٸӣһϴǧݺҶ¼ɹˣ͢ҶʱͿԵִﺣԭݳǡ
еǿߵĲĵ£һʱҾͻͷɱ
Ҷ˺ԭϹŲôǰҶͻֹںԭϹŲ󣬲òѰ
ٿΪҶȡķӦʱ䡣
ǵµǿߣʱ͸ˡ
֮⣬ÿһϹŲ󣬶һҵۿڡ
õúãԽʡ´ʵķãԵõҵϢ
ҶпԵõٺ档
˵ÿһϹŲ󣬶ȷѪꡣ
˵ģĿǰܾڣЩ߾;ҪصϹŲ֮⣬ͨݿϹŲ󱳺󣬶źȨӰӡ
һͨĺȨֵģȫǰ˴ЩĺŹ塣
£ҶҪһϹŲѹûܵġ
һΣϴǧŷЭǡúԭǷҶͳû١
ϴǧžۣҲø⡣
û취ٵѹ̫ˡ
±ҪȥͲѹ⣬ϴϼ֮λܱܲסˡ
ԤǣֻҪҶڵĵڶ·Ѳʹƿ˺ԭϹŲôҶ汱صĲɹ̶ӣʱЧԻǻѣȵĽ͡
һķٲ˵ԭֱӳĸۿڣӴܸزɹʿԸ͵ĳɱִﺣԭͨѲ˾Ȩý˰ֱӳ˵ֶС
ǶлǱҵ涼ɱ
սԻҵ棬ԭϹŲҶ涼õ֣Ҷ涢źԭϹŲܾˡ
ǰûᣬһΣȴǳûõˡ
˵ֻҪõ˺ԭϹŲҶµʵͻӭһٷչڡ
ϴǧʱ˶¡
ò˵
ǰЩӣҶϴǧŻǲһģϴǧź޲ָɵҶ档
ڣϴǧžЭҶ֮以຦
ԺҶҲԷˡ
ҶڼƻЩһˣͰôָʾϳȥѰҲµ䡣
ңȫǿеġ
ǸѲϱ֤ϴǧ޷ӹ¶Ҷ֣ʼ¡һγƽϴѲ··ѲʹսȥٴδŶӡ
ôδһʱڣϴǧŵҪĿ꣬Ӧþ뷨ε¶µĶӣϾ˼Ҷ档
οѲϴǧŸٴݺҶ棬ҶҲԲù
Ѳϴǧһս鷳ǴҶõǷʮħ뿪Ӱ
ϴǧźʼ¡˾Ҳ벻ֵġʮħʹҶؿڵڡ
ֻҪҶԸ⣬˵ϴǧŸκβ죬Ҷ治ٽʮħųһȦ¡
ʱѲϴǧž㲻ҲѲƤ
˵д˱ϣҶıڶ·Ѳʹʱ̩ɽ
˱ϣҶʹȽС˯⡣
ǰЩõɽ䭴Ϣ˵ϴν͵ǸˣǰЩӷӰ
ӰУȷʵһΪ֤Էȷʵ䡣
Ҷʱȥооپ
ϧҶʱһֱӦ£ûʱȥ
һҶʹȥһҪĻС
ܻСҶΪܹǿߣҶҲһս֮
Ҷ׼뿪֮ʣѲ񽫷İͻǰرˣӵ˺ԭѲ縱ʹ˵ļѶ
Ҷһ䣬ʵѶ˵ʲô
ˣʹԣԭϹŲһЩ仯һˡİ˵
ԭϹŲб䣿Ҷɫһ䣬㻹˵£Ҷ滹ȥһˡ
¹ش󣬾ҶȥɵҲøϻá
Ȼˣһ֪ͨҵټһǰԭ
ҶĻû˵꣬رĹͽˣһ־˵ˣľľҪˡ
ľˣʲô
ҶȻ֮ʣЦ˵ˣ⻹ûأȫˡ


1787 鱦ľ
ľľ󣬾ڴ֮ܳϣҲǼݣʼ¡Ҳ֡
ľŹҶ棬ҶͷټҲýӴ
ңҶ滹ôţӭľǡ
ľ̺㣬ǰҶ棬Ǻܵ͵ģһΣȴǴŴӣȻ֪
Ҷģһľǰ²ǼҶϴδɵĽһ¡
ӭľʱҶѾ
һľҪľͨ°벿Ҷһĺ鱦Ҫ
Լףһ㣬ʱѾȥˣľӦþľͨ°벿
ǣǰľͨ°벿ľӦðڳ˴İڳ
Ҷ겻ɸʢ
һ֮ľżɽĵϷһιҪҶ顣
һǼ֮ǰδɵĽס
˵ţľһָҶ
Ҷһһƴ£ʺɫι״ǴʲͳҶС
ʲɢŨŨÿ˵ĸо
ǣҶĿ⿴ľ
ϷΪҶ׼Ʒľϵ鱦ľ룬˱һԵĺ鱦Ҷһ¡ľ
Ҷȴûеǽʵľɷ񽲽һ´˱ľ
˱汲ȡ̫֮Ƶһ鱦Ҫ
ʵҲܼ򵥣Ǵ߶ľ֮󣬴˱ĸͻ̵ʱصףܱ߷ΧľԴԴϵĳȡڡ
ÿһ룬һľϵһ㣬£͹ޱȵĺ
ľ֮мأ˱ʮ֮ڣͿԳ൱һλľϵǿƹǿ
ңľܱľʢǵصеصĻ˱߶֮£ͻص֮ڣֱյص֮תľڡ
ӵصٶȣֱֻӳȡؼľٶȵʮ֮һ
ٶȣҲǳɹˡ
Ϊ߽Լ´Դٶȡ
ľ˵ĺϸҶţȴЩʧˡ
ľ룬ȷʵһƷ鱦ɣãʵ̫ߡ
ֻ߽Լ´ʯ
ǣνĽԼֻԴȽٵߡ
һк鱦ĸȱԴġ
ڵҶ棬ȱԴȱʱ䡣
ֻҪܹٶȣԴǳɱӣҶҲԸ⡣
ҶĿǰ̬ȾֻһϧһΪ
ҶĿǰõȫ鵤Ʒ鵤иֵҩϣΪΪ
ľֻǽԼʱĵƷʯڣҶʯãԼ
˵ľڵҶԣȫһߣûʲôô
˵ҪҵôĻѹɡ
ҶĿǰɽ׹鱦ٶһ鱦Ҷӵȹ̡
֮⣬ҶҲ벻ˡ
ǻ˵ˣҶľ򵱳̸Ҫһĺ鱦֮ǰµһҶһûκԵ顣
˵һϣҶһҲ
ټߣҶҲű¡
ңľ̸ʱҶ׼
ֻҪľһĺ鱦ףҶ֪ˡ
ǿĺ鱦Ҳܡ
ľݣõҲһƷ鱦һǿĺ鱦ףԲܡ
һޱȵĺ鱦Ҷ潻ףġ
Ԥϵ˹ԤϣõûɶõļߵʱҶ滹Ǻܲˬġ
ԼԼ
Ҷ滹еġ
Ϣ֮ҶޱĽľͨ°벿ľ
ľڵһʱѿľͨϰ벿ԱȷƷ֮ĵ˵ͷ
һˣôϷҶ̸̸ڶ¡ľ˵
뽲
ģıҶ£深٣䰲ҵ˵ҵʢ˿ڸǳɱɱѾʢ֮
ԣ壬ҪڱֵͽҶи㡣ľ˵
ֵͽ
ҶȻǰң˵ǷֵǷ̳ûнһ
񱱺Ҷ£˿ȻǧҪֵҪժӣ
˼һ£Ҷҡͷܾˡ
ʲôЦϣĿǰǴʼ¡Եıǩ֮ҶĿɽʼ¡
ȻɽôסûɽҶĿǰĴͻúܼѡ
£Ҷôüȥġ
ǲ鷳
ңҶ汾һ˵ܡ
Ҷȱæžܾڱֵ֮£λһλӣǸҶ׼ġ
ҶԼҲ
ңÿһֵĸʮǿߣߵĵָӡľ׳˺ô
ò˵ľôǺ˵ģǰڡ
ΪҶߣȱľܹסӵĸ֣ľһ㣬ǡþͿֲҶⷽĲ㡣
֮ҶջǾܾˡ
ǽľĺôҶ൱ڴܡ֮ǽͷݡ
ϴǧڵϴңеǽͷݡ
ֲȫͶ룬ħйϵ
ϴǧʵϴǿĵ̡
֮ӵøɵǿ͵ǽͷݡ
ûøɵĵȥǽͷݣֻڸĶлɷɻҡ
Ҷһ㣬ԣҶܾĺܳס
ҶȻܾˣľ򲢲գϷҶĿǰ뷨ǣĴţԶΪҶ
ҶͨˣֱϵϷ
һҶҪ֪֮Уڵ죬塣ѰζĻľʹһƮȻȥ
ʲô£Ҫ֣
һ䣬Ҷʹһֱԭݳǡ
ԭݳǾ뱱ԼĪľ룬ҶСè·ĵĻʮʱܸϵ
ŴȻʹ˽ۣҶһ˸ϹȥҲʱ䡣
Ҷִﺣԭԭǵʱ򣬺ԭſڣֻҶĸʹӭӣԭһɹԱȴһ
ô£üˣӹܲ˺ԭϹŲ󣿡Ҷǰӭӵʵ
ˣԭˣǿӲŸƼرϹŲ³ǿнӹϹŲ󣬵ǸǿӲֱӡ
ûУҶʵ
شˣһСģĳͻٶֵܱȡ
ʲôõ
ŭ֮ʣҶЦҽѲ˾ȴϣߣ·ȥʲôĳıӵ


1788 ǧ
ˣһԭǰȥݺԭµ죬ûмԭ
¾һֱȥҲǰ취ݣɷѲ˾ӹܺԭϹŲ
¸ϵԭϹŲʱǱѾһǺԭҽ裬Եǻûнӵϱߵ֪ͨܽӣ·Ѿ࣬ԷϹŲò
գֻͨѲ˾ǿӲ̬öԷòϣԷȴǸǿӲ֮£һСģͻֵܱ
²ܣ˴ӡ
һߣһ߸Ҷ潲ԭί
ҶǺεˣƾμ仰Ѿԭί
Ѳ˾ߵﲻ棿
ԭȻܶȻϹŲرʵΪ˶Ըǵڶ·Ѳʹ
˵ˣǺԭԤı뽻ԭǵϹŲ
ԭ򵥣ÿһϹŲ󣬶漰ս塣
ҪȻҶΪʲôҪѲϴǧŽףºԭĹϽȨϹŲĿȨأ
ԭǵϹŲ󣬾ʹںԭǵģҶһߵķɿ죬ܿ͵ˡ
ֱԺԭͱפޱȵѹ֣ǺԭǵϹŲתš
ˮɢ΢΢һתҶ֪֮ǰһСͻĲԩ
Ҷһɸһ򾫱Ǵӱİפ֮ѡľ֮ʿ
ǧǿڵսʿǧľʿ䣬ǧͨ񾳵ĵͼ٣֮⣬֧黹ڵͳ˧Уξˡ
ãһĵطӣǾˡ
ټҶȫԱ䷢ķͳ׵ʽƷ߾Ҳһƴ֮
ǷۺԭһؾΪ͵ʿ䣬ڵʿ䡣
ǧǧͨһǸҽ裬ΪǸߴء
ѹ
ʵϣԱɹӹܵ׵ѹ
Ѳ˾ʿ䱻ȣͺˡ
ˣǾǺԭĺ󽫾衣˵
ҽӴʱҲڴҶ棬֮ǰͻһ߻˾εĸָţѾ֮ˡ
ȥҵݡ
ҶһѲ˾ڶ·ѲʹҶڶ·Ѳʹš
Ѳ˾ڶ·Ѳʹ޹˵뿪ɤӣǾ۽ǰߵĺԭľ䣬ȴûһ㣬һֹۿ㣬
֣ʱ󣬹Ρ
ǣ½˾
Ҷһ£ԭήޱȵľ˧֣ʱʱǻһˣٱ
˵ʵǰǳͻ֣ʱǱޱȡ
Ȼԭľʵϵѹľӽսʵѹܹʤġ
ָӵõһɱһλǿЩѣȴû⡣
֮ؼҶĹǲڣڱ˵ĵϣֶҲ̫ҡ
Ҷѵһˡ
һȥ̶̰ϢǰЩɢľӾͲ˾ӣһɱ֮Ȼ
ҶĿ⣬ȴھٶʿϣ
ʿ˫ȶˣеһֹĽǶţûиҽʱʱûҽΡ
Ѳµڶ·ѲʹҶ棬ǵ˭ߣ𻰡ҶֱԼѲʹƣǵĺ֮ԭҽһݡ
˼˼ϢҽŻУԭҽ裬ҶѲʹ
ҶѲʹ֪ǵ⣬ǱֻǷϹŲδּ֮ǰǲύϹŲˡ
ҶѲʹҪӹϹŲ󣬿ȥҺԭľϡ
죡
Ҷһıըһ㣬ϹŲϿը죬ƣֱӽԭҽһҲȻֹ
⽫ʹҪͽӹϹŲһ£ʹҪ͵ģҵڶ·ѲʹٶֵܵĶԭ򣡡
ʹ֪ʹö˶˵ӹܺԭϹŲôͱˣҶŭ߳
ѿóҶˡ
ǣֻǸʼ
⽫ҵڶ·Ѳʹٶֵܶһ£ҪҶĳһ򣡡
ҶѲʹһ£ǿгϹŲ󣬾ȡ⻹ǱԵʡ
鶸ر䣬ŰҶݣ棬ҶƺӣҲͲˡ
ԣҶȴЦ
𣿡
ãʹͳ⽫ĶôҶĳҲ͸⽫һᡣ
˵ţҶָҵֵܱǴȣ㽻ǧǴȣ¾ǹȥˡ
ⲻܣ͵شҶĻЦҶѲʹڿЦɣ
һԭʿʧЦѣǿҶڴţ𣬻ǲݸ֡
ǱʿȻȴʿǶȵʿҲȭͷŭȺ鼤ߣ׷ŭҪԭľӾһս
ǰǳͻʵ̫ˡ
㿴Ҷĳں㿪Ц𣿡ҶЦһ˵ҶĳûǻᡣʮϢ֮ڣǧǴȣ¾ǹȥˣ򡭡
Ҷû˵ǳʱ䡣
ʮ
ţ



1789 ü
壡
ģ

һ֣·һ㣬ҶĴɳԭôںĺԭҽ裬һĭͷˡ

ֳڵɲǣҶʹһƣһֱڵȴľ˧֣ʱÿϲ֮࣬ŭ׼
꣡
ڶһʱǰ׺󸲸ı׼͡
ҶǺȻ飬ԭҽ費ˣ󣡿󣡡
緽᲻ĹԤһΪ
ͺ֮࣬æҶ濪ڣҶѲʹֻǷ£㿴
ǧԶ˫ȣһλᣡҶޱȵĴĻ
ҧģ˫Ŀŭ
ҶҪѹܡ
ҪǽǧˣԺͲûˡ
һ
ҶһָҲһɲǱñޱȣԭҽͼıɱ
Ҷ桮ɱֳڵɲǣ˧֣ʱȴûһҶ棬ڿҶɱ֮Ŀȿ㡣
ͬʱҶĻû³һѪһѲʹһҽı棬ĺ
Ļ
׾˧֣ʱ˼ΪҽҲǷ߲¾׼֮󣬺ԭľӣҲˡ
ǷΣǧ龭ĶһʿΪ룬ʱǰһޱȵػĻ
ԭһʵҪǿڱĴػĻ㱱һ䣬Ҳܹ˵ԭľӡ
෴ģһľж֣Էһ֮ôԻᷴ
£ʧȥѹƣľӷԿ
˧֣ʱǿһ㣬ȶ֡
Ѳԣ
һ£Ϊͨ񾳵ѲԣشӴ̤ÿ˵УһɢŻϢĳɫ
ɫϱ߸˸Ļɫʸ⺧ˡ
鱬ħ󣿲
Ѳжŵľ󣬺ԭҽʧ
ܣսͳ˧ͼ٣ĸ֪鱬ħĿֲ
鱬ħƼϣħսһ־Ӻͽ⣬оá
鱬ħͷɱȴѲ˾ѲԵı䣬ɵѡ鱬ħɱ
ÿ·ѲʹһǧܵãѡĶǸεսǿķɱ
Ҷĵڶ·ѲʹߣȴͳһҪ˴鱬ħ󣬷ɱֻռ
䣡
ݣ
ƿ뱬Ļ⣬ӳҽӣҲþޱȣ
Ҷ浱ʮ鱬ħͿԸɵһλڵĴڣټ鱬ħĸǺǽǿҲҪ˱ᡣ
˲Ϣ䱬ĿֱֲӽԭʿػĻֱĨƽ
ǧͬʱɷĩ֮࣬Ǻĵʿֱӻޡ
ͬһɲǣ˧֣ʱЦһ͵һ
ݣ
һ֧ʸǵصĺ˶ĺԭľӡ
㡭ǾȻĸҶ֣
Ҷģô飬Ͳ޷𣿡
ŭУԭҽһϢŭһ㱬޷µʿ䱻
鱬ħĸǷĸȴ֮һ
µֵܣͻ
ɲǣһɺⶸشͷ£ͲĴһ¡
̧ͷɲǣͿڶ·ѲʹҶĶ
Ǳ񣬷·ֱӺһ㣬ҶĿһɽһ㣬Ϸ·κ춯ͻᱻҶĿɽֱӺ촷һ㡣
ⲻǻþ
һɲǼ䣬оڵתò˳
󺧣
ָоֻԺԭǵʦʱ򣬲й
˲Ϣ䣬ĺ󱳾ͱ亹ʪ͸
ȴһָͷҶһԤУҪǸҶֺһɲǾͻˡ
Ҷͷ׹Ƕ̱ޣɢĺľͷ׮һ
費ңǺԭһ֮Уһߡ
һߣȫм죬ûָӣһŭ𣬾ͷ׷׳ǰֵǵغķʸ
һ֣߳ټǧͨ񾳵ͼͬʱԭľӣȻӲĿһʸˡ
ϣ
ҶһϺȣλ˾˾ͷ׷ױǿϢ˺ԭһ
Ҷټ˾ںԭһѹԵʵ
Щ޵ļ˾ǣ似ͨϱͨߣҪӵǿ
ʱԭľ֮Уλ˾ӣһͬȺһ㣬֮
ǰһߣĹ򣬾һӥץСһ˳
Щļ˾ָӵĺôֱûһзŵĻ˵зģȭؽ֮£ɱ
һԵҽ۽Ƕˣǲ˿
Ҷټ˾Ŀ죬˵Ҳ졣
ٽԭһĽɱ֮󣬾ͷٵ˳
Ҷȴתͷž˧֣ʱһЦ¶ɭɭڣʵˣˣ򣬱˧Ҫǧȵļһղ
˧֣ʱЦ½˾
Сս汾ɱ
һ֣ʱ˧¾ǧʿ䣬ɱ˾ʧȺ׵ĺԭ֮С
Žս˫Ҷĵ˵ͷ
Ȼ˵Ǳľһսռ˱ˣֱ˺ԭӵи߼죬Ǵӱչֳʵս⼸ѵû׷ѡ
ΨһģΪˡ
ΪҶ˧֣ʱĽԺԭҽѹи߾˸˵ĵ
Ҷģ󵨣Ȼ޹ɱҺԭʿ
ĺҶĿһݣ𣬾ıƵ͡
ͬһɲǣѾͻ뺣ԭ֮е֣ʱһһͨ񾳾ɱ֮ͷŭͶɱ
Ͷɱ
ŭͬһϯϹŲܱߣЩԭûķʿ䣬ͨͨľ͹һء
ǵĽ趼վﲻҶи߼ٸǱȫܣǻʲôɷ
ʮϢĹ򣬲дİǧຣԭӣͷ׷׹򽵡
Ҷµı绢ǵȥ׷ܡ
ͷľ˧֣ʱᵶһӵǧ˳Ҷ˫ȣһǾԸȲϡ
ǣ
üĴ쳹ɲǣĶϹ뺣ԭĲҽͬʱ쳹


1790 ٶ
ԭڣԭ뺣ԭةࡢ󽫾¡
´ڵΣȴЩ̫һ㡣
ԭڣȻǹة󽫾ֵǣԭõףȴһλ̫ࡣ
λĺԭãҲƵƵλ̫ٱ⡣
ϷģҶȻѲʹȴѲǱìܳ壬Թ˳ϾҲ˻
ȸɫƣһɷݶ͹Եˡ뱻Ϊëܹ̫ܵ˵
׵һλĺԭةȴһĵǣëܹ˵ǣֻҶЩڱ⣬
£ϲһֱΪϺүκβľٶҲʹأ̫ëܹһš
һ磬ԭжظһ˿⡣
ǰҶ볤ֹħؽ緵أȴеԭڶ·Ѳʹ׷ɱ
սУԭڶ·ѲʹնɱԭԭƵҶ˽СлԪס
ҲһսС˳˯
ºʼ¡иԭԭҲΪȳֹԭ뷽ԭ
ڵĺԭ
ǺԭӡҲڵĺԭãΪԭڶ·Ѳʹĸɸɾԭһֱɡ
丸֮ᵽҶϣĵȴһֱûлᡣ
ǡԭة໹˵ʲôԭþʹϵëܹ˵öԡ
лڣܷɣ°ԭǺ⡣
ԣëܹȴǸƴЦҼһڡ

ٵУԭĽͳ켲
ϣڶ·ѲʹҶ˽ӹϹŲ󲻳ɣȻҹϹŲľؾ
ϧ鱬ħɱɱҾˣ߾Է²
ʲô
ةྪ֮ʣԭö𣬡Ȼ꣬ôĵӡ
ϣֹˣҶѲʹ˿һһ²˫ȴϣ˵ҪѲ˾֮𡣡ͳ˵
ʲôԭòȻŭ̫
󽫾ٵǰϹŲ󿴿Ҷĵжôš
ͬһɲǣԭ÷Ըһ˵ʦ죡
ϣҶľȻ˲񣬾ۼҲһ˰ɡëܹ˵
ԭԴϲٺòëܹܳ棬˵ҶģѲϴǧڴˣҲøӡ
ëܹܵ˵ͷû˵
ԭõĻȴֱϡ
⻸ܹܵͷȷʵãҲȷʵǴӼҲš
ϣܾųɾŵĹԱ壬ӡ
µݿɷͬһ㡣
Ѳϴǧž⡣
Ѳϴǧţһ£Ҳмӣǡ
ëܹܿڶ·ѲʹҶԲڴ
ԭĽǵֵģٶȼ졣
ϢĹԭͽˣźԭɱڵֱ庣ԭϹŲ
ûãнĽͷͻȻһݣһߴ˺ԭǰ
֪ϼϷ£
˲ǱˣǺԭ߼ĵʦδʦ
Ϊһǿĺûһλǿʵ̫Σˡ
£ԭü򵥵˵䣬ùʦǰ
еʦУøӵİġ
ʦεĿȴеëܹһа̫ϣǿëܹܵĿ⣬Щɵ
ޣιʦ˻ëܹܣҲΪ¶ý͵
ЩͣιʦʹȻüĿĸںԭ󣬷ϹŲ
ԭǵϹŲڳģǽһ·ӣʵǼʮϢĹ͸ϵˡ
ûͷԭáةࡢ󽫾һ˵Ⱦ˴˷Ĳҽ
һ˵Ⱦ첻ѡ
ǰԭáةࡢ󽫾ǰУĿѡ
ϹŲܱ߲ʬ¡ѪҾųɵʬ嶼Ǻԭ¼ס
ҽ衢һڴӸĽ죬ʱһøһ
ùõ˾ŭӵǣѲ˾ʱ²ĺԭ˫ȴϣеͣʿĽǶйöţеĸ¶ɭɭİ׹ǡ
һĻԭֶ
ţ
Ҷģʵ̫ˡ
ɺδ³
ңˣҶǱߣȴûκֵͣ˼
ס֣
ɱҺԭҶ棬ǵ죬Ҷ棬Ҫ췴𣿡ԭŭ
źԭõҶȴƤû̧һ£·ûһ㡣
ˣ
ԭõʱѿޱȣ
һɲǣҶһָǱһҽĽ죬Ϲˣһٶ˵ôûϣ
˧֣ʱһϲ֮࣬ͷ͸һʿһƣû˵ЩҲҪȫȡ
ԭһû뵽ˣҶ滹ţȻҪԭҽȡ
ң
꣡
ȵںԭɲǣޱȵࡣ
ҽҲǸӲͷȻһûԡ
ǺԭȴǱ̼ˣǰǰŭӣķŭˣŹ˵涼ף⻹˵ã
Ҷ棬첻һ˵أ
ΧȫΧ


1791 ʦεľ
źԭһ£ԭĴ󽫾͵ָӣԭĽͬˮһӿϡ
ǹ䣬󺮹ʱͽҶһΧ˸ˮйͨ
ңҶ֮ǰͺȻϹŲĺԭľӣһؾز˵ȫ
ԣảԭĴ󽫾ֵСģΧ֮ʣֱɾ
һʱ䣬ϹŲܱɱ죬ǰȻϺԭҽ˫ȵľ˧֣ʱɫҲޱȡ
£֣ʱָ¾ӽУӦ⣬ȴҶסˡ
ܺã
ſŽǰΧԭĽЦȻԭҪʹһǺãʹھ͸һ
Ҷһ˧֣ʱ㻹һ¾ˡ
ǰɣ
ԼҴôҪˣ
ȫԼҴ˵簡
ԭҲһҲû뵽һΧҶ澹ȻͷҪһ
ȻҶЩŹ֣ġ
ԭةȴƳһ˿һĿĶҶ档
Ŀ֮£Ҷӳ̣ʱǶϸܵƷʯ
˶ϵãͨѶõСŲ
ҶĶȴûָͣһΣһӰɳҶ£ϰգϹŲܱߵΡ
Ѳ˾ţаΧѲ˾ĺԭľӣɱڵľӣڵĵǹȫ¼˽ȥ
ȷӦǺԭة࣬һͳŹʦκȵʦӰ򡣡
ԭةǷӦ˹ǹʦûӦλʦ磬ƽʱֻкԭòö
ԭةָûţ
ԣºԭةеټλιʦҲûŲֺĺԭةֱš
ϣǷɡ
ةôһ𣬺ԭþɵҲǰָӽΧѲ˾ʲôˡ
˿ʵ
Ӱһͳǿɾʵʵ췴֤ݰ
췴һ£Ѳ˾ȥģ֤ݣᣬǺԭǲҲҪѲƤ
һҷˣҪɱҳޱȵĿŹʲôӦ
ǴǸҷ˻ǴҳޱȵĿŹ
˲
Ѳ˾ʼ¡ҳޱȵĿŹԭڳŴܷˡ
һͱȥý룬Ҳ֪ʴ˭
ͷʦӰ򡣡Ӧĺԭٶȳιʦ˵
ߵͷӦ֮ʣĺԭãɵɵ֤ݰ
ʱ»ٴٷŭٶˣɢΧ
Ҷɲɵӣѹɳ֮
ںԭة࿪֮ʣҶѾ¼µӰյУͬһɲǣιʦǵǿеѹɢ
˲ϢЩΪµʿһصͬʱιʦϢҲҶ档
׼ȷ˵ҶӰ
ιʦɲǣҶټͷȾһ߳
ʹҶҶǰ˭ҷ
ͷȾһ߳ͽֵĵʦθסˡ
ţս̳׼ս飡Ҷ氲ȫļͷȾȴû˿ɡ
ȾΪĽ֣֮УΪҲǰʮΪߴأս֮ǰĽǿ֮УǿŽǰ塣
ǵֶֹͨĸֹҶļ
ʱֹֻһҪҶգϧһд۱Ҷ档
ǰЩҶ汻Ѳϴǧ͵Ϯ֮ʱҶ濿Լ֮󣬳ֹ߶ϴǧ֮
ֹΪ´ҶļͷȾѵĲҪҪģ
ȾȵķӦ
ǣԭĹʦΣȴҶļͷȾŵˡ
ոֵĹʦΣϢɵޱȵĿĻҶǰټ
ڴܣѲ˾պգֻڴܵĹԱ͹֮䣬ΪѲ˾רǵ֤
֮պյľֻˣ
һ㣬ϵ۸ӣλĸ֣Ҳתء
粻һ
ر
ҶսĴţսȻƤɳ˵ǿʰҶ棬Ҳⷽԭ
λιʦһɢޣԭнʦǣǧɢ޵ͻƵɲǼٵġ
ʲô˿Զʲô˲Զ
ҪȻܻڡ
ܵϣܲ
̫ļһιʦҲûʰ
ֺֻͨ˾
ǰҶʹƺţټ֣һԲԾҪ¼̳붯ս鱣
ǿƾǾװ
ɢޣǵҲҪ˱ӵѪùˣһãпܡ
ԣһƣʦξʹԭأҲˡ
ЦƴҪҪǸҶϵˡ
ιʦ֣Ǻԭòˡ
ʦοнģһʱҶ˿ӣ˿Ը֤ݡ
֮࣬Ψһ뵽İ취ǽӰˡ
Ҷû֤ݣϱѲ˾Ҳǿտƾ
ǴҶҲмɡ
ҪɴѵΧ浱Ѳ˾ѲɵӰ裿
ԭʵ췴һ¡
ɸѹԵʵڵʯ佫ӰҶǾˡ
Ѳ˾Ҳʲô֤ݡ
ǺԭҲͰ鷳
úԭƵǣǧñһʱĹʦΣȻڹؼʱ̵ӣֹǰ
ۿĻᶼҪɥʧˣԭüˣŹʦμʦҺԭػ֣찡
ԭôһߣʦüͷ˲һ֡
ѲµһѲʹҲʵСҲ
ļѾó˼̳Ҫս飬Ǽƴֶˡ
ǳһʹ֡
֮·ߵĸԶء
ɲ뱻µ׷ɱأ
˲Ϣ䣬ʦξ˾ϡ
һɽƷʯĵرй£ѻ˺ԭǰ
⺣ԭĹʦϷǸʲ㹩ĵر߳ɣȫ㡣
õɣϷ⼸ѹƽҲӦõģ
ϷǺԭκιϸ𣬹ʦһְ
ǣһ֣ԭʦӳʦӡתߡ
ԭãʯ
ô


1792 
ԭüһ˵ȣҶ棬Ҳûϵǰλڵιʦᵱˡ
Ҷһη֣ʹݾȻţơ
ĵڶ·ѲʹŻҪãȻֱӾһλǿߡ
ԭüֱ׺䶥һ㡣
ǰλιʦ˼Ĵʦ
֮Ҳӳ˷ǳ˵á
ԵͷΪǺԭһָ֮⣬úڵĳЩΡ
֮⣬ԭٽ뱱һͬг֮ˮޱȵš
ιʦ֮λˮˮƵǩ²ַԭЭ顣
úԭĺΪ֮һλιʦദĺܺá
ȴΪ߶Ҷ涯ֵһ仰Ҫ뿪ϧó֮ǰܵĺһϡ
úԭĵһ˿֡
ǰҶ棬ȻĹʦǣ
ֹ龪֣Ǻԭȴźòʦʹȥ
˵ģû˹ʦ򣬺ԭˮҪҲ͹˲ˡ
ʦҪߣ˴ˣǹ˼ˣʦϢŭԭü˵
ǣιʦںԭȴǻδţûκεͣη뿪
ڴͬʱһĻҶͷȴһ
ԭ뵽һλǿôδأ
ǱһλǿĻ鷳Ϳβ˵ʲô򱱺⣬Ǿ͵ÿǿˡ
Ҷ֮ǰһֱ뷨
ǵߴ඼и֮ˣɢеĵ֮٣һֱûлᡣ
쿴⺣ԭιʦݹӡȥͻȻ뷨
ǽλιʦȥǱǶһ룿
һҶʱڣιʦҶĳһιʦ̡
ת뿪Ĺʦһ٣Ҷ棬ʹȥ
һ뵽ҶѲ˾ѲѲʹҶݣŻҶ˳ͻ
Ǿ·ֱȥǻҶ档
Ҷյıɣԭ˵ȣҪϺԭǧ˵ȣҽҲ⡣
Բʲôֺ֮һرСˡ
׻˵ӣĪСˡ
մȨСˡ
ҶݣԵ֣Ѳ˾ȴִԺɵҳε䡣
ĻһҶ˵ʲôĺãһֶʲô
Ҷ֪ιʦĿгرСˣ֪Ǻ뷨
ιʦһ뷨Ȼ࣬ʵڵʯһ˲ɵġ
ҲǵҶո£ιʦͻתΡ
֪ҶкҪϷ飿תιʦҶʵ
øոιʦ޹ĺԭõϻġ
һĹˡ
Ҷһڣιʦˡ
ǱĴǱԼ˸
ǵô˵棬ԼҵĹʦӡְ˵תۼͱԷסˡ
ຣԭĽ죬ԭõ񶼱Щ΢ˡ
ƺ˵Ϲÿȥôе㲻İ
ʦҶĳȷʵʦ̣ʦɷԺƬ̣Ҷĳ鴦ϣʦϸ̸Σ
Ҷ̬ȥŵĺܵͣȻˣôٶƬҲûʲôȻˣϷ͹ʦ˵
л
˵꣬ҶĿȴǿ˺ԭãȴǸӵơ
ҶĿùһ͵Ҷлܹ鷳İѱ
ȹʲôҶͳȵѽϵѲѲ˾ãԭͼıΪ죬ıͼѲ˾֤͹ȥ
һԭʱʹһսҶ̫֯ˡ
ݣƾǷ֤ݣҲǺԭݺݵĺһġ
ǣǺԭͶмҵĶͻᱻ϶ΪѲ˾֤ݡ
òɵЩڣûة֮ԡ
ʱȴˣԭþͽĿ⿴һԻܹëܹܡ
״ëܹ΢΢һЦ֪ϳˣҽ£þ
ܹëɼҶѲʹһε»ҶѲʹ˵ҶѲʹӢǷسɴ
ëܹǰҶȻ˵Ǽ񣬿лǴưֻңңĹ˹֣İ׽Ļȴֱ£̬ȡ

Ҷһ£˻˭
ʼ¡ĳӼķţҲһһλֻǱ˴ȴ硣
ȴ֮Ȩ㳯Ұİλһ֡
ȴǾλѡ
⻸ڳֹλϣҶ¶˼Ҫ£Ҷ֮⣬Ȼôǿҡ
ȻʱĻҶ沢̫أҶҲǲɫľܾˡ
û뵽ʱã⺣ԭλĴܹܣҿȥԭ⻸ǣ
ΪѲ˾ѲʹҶԴײ
ʼ¡ԪߣӶҲҡ
տʵǾӣͿûʲôô
ܵľӣӻǲ岻ֵģıģҲֻзľӡ
ںԭˡ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ˺ԭ󵽸Ѳ˾Կԭˡ
ԭǻëܹܣ֪кμ̣Ҷ浱¹Ӧ


1793 ĪҪ
ҶѲʹ£ʵᣬɷһӣʱô£ҶѲʹ£ëܹޱȵ˵
Ͼӣһơ
ǻʳӣͣ˾֮ʸʶλļλ֮Уߣ񣬹
ʼ¡½ߣ̬֣ҰԽԽߡ
⻸ţõһƣֻҪóţ˰˴ѲĴ֮⣬˶øӡ
ҶЩһֱѲ˾Ѳڻ죬ϵҲûʸ룬Ҷ治֪ϵϢ
ţҶġ
Ӷһ£ҶҲ֪ġ
ҶҲһӶյǻҶ½֮ʱһٶ˺۹Ļλ̳ˡ
ʷҶҶ棬Ĳ֮£̫ˣҶСһãͻΪڻҡ
ңһ·粨أ㿴ȥʻŽĻӣȴһܹôλ
Խ󣬹ڵɽͷԽ࣬յԽԽԤϡ
ԣҶڶһµԭǡԶ֮
룬Ҳȥλӡ
Ҷ滹һԭԶһ¾Զ֮ԸӲﻸǰǣҵ档
ҶͿ͸ˣʲôʲôپɽףԸʵס
Ĳ˵㿴ѲϴǧţۣȨ죬ʺ޵ҧԣҲ޷ô
˵ѲϴǧϴңѾʮʵ۶ΡȻ
ʲô
ϴҵʵ
ȻҶѲϴǧŲԸ֮ǰУһϣҶ滹Ǻġ
ԣҶĿҲܼ򵥣ȫչԼԸʵ
ʱ򣬹λӵǻҲᶯҶ档
ҪҶ棬ֻҪֵʵǱˮǶУڣҶ֮
£ڴ֮ǰҶԻ̬ǾԶ֮ҪӣҾ͸֡
ëܹܣӣҶĳøӰ򣬾ʹ˻ˣѲѲ˾ˡأҶеӰͻ˷ĩ
ʵʼҶûǸӰͳȥֻˡ
ϾҶĸĿҪƺԭϹŲ󣬶ǽԭƵ˼ϡ
ͳȥԭùҶڶ·ѲʹҲ޷˳ƿϹŲ
ҶϵȻֱӻӰëܹŵһЦ⣬˸ӵʱҲëܵʱ
һԵĺԭøǻڲ
Ҫ֪ëܹܳ׵Ľ鷳õűƹʦγ֣ùʦιӡְ
ǸڰڵöѪˡ
һɲǣҶĻһ䣬ڻϣӰʱˣǹ£ɵøѲ˾Ҷĳһ
Ϊɱռ캣ԭϹŲƾܲƽܲƽ˵Ȼ֣Ѳ˾Ѳȸϡ
ڽѲ˾򰡣£ҪǲҶĳһû꣡
ԣԭʱһ
ҶǶȸ״
ǺԭȷʵҶѲĶȣڣԭľնɱǧǧ˱ȣҽҲˡ
⻹
ҶѲʹⲻѾҺԭһ򾫱ǧȣ˽ǧ࣬ѵ
ҶѲʹɲܹ̫ţԭý
ιʦӡһ£ԭҲʶҶ治һѲʹ̬Ѿ֮ǰǿӲ
Ҷĳ̫
Ҷ淢һЦǺԭ̫Ӵɷ۱ԿѲ˾Ѳ˾Ҫһˣ嶼ˡ
ҶѲʹֻѣҲŴ󡭡
ȿȣ
ëܹܵȣ˺ԭõĻЦҶѲʹϷѾ˵ˣʵǸᣬɷһһӣ׷£ȥԭ£Σ
ëܹܵ˼ܼ򵥣ƽ˴£˺ԭУó˻ѹҶһͷҶ桢ԭҷ⺣ԭϹŲ档
ʱô֣ȫ˵㡣
Ҷȴ磬ٴεͷãӣøôѲһ£ҾͲ׷ˡ
ԣԭ÷һİۣô㶼ռȥˣҲˣҲˣ׷ʲô
ȻˣôʹǡùҲڣʹ͵ִй񡣡
˵Ҷ漫ʽԼѲ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹƣɣڵϹŲһɹϽ÷Ѳ˾ִơ
𣬺ԭϹŲ󣬽Ѳ˾Ѳڶ·Ѳʹִƣھ͵ؽӺԭϹŲķ񡢲ֿ⡢ӪʲᣬԼԭϹŲŲơ
⼸仰Ҷ˵ʽޱȣúԭ뻸ëܹܣȫˡ
ԭǿ˻ëܹܡ
ҶģҰҲˣҶʽִйҵܾ
ϾڸոգҶոһΡʲôѲ˾硣
һСС֤ݺݣͱĹʦ˵ݺѪ̡
ǣλëܹܣȴˡ
ڲףǰλѲʹҶ棬ǴװͿˣ
˵ڸǻӣʵϣһӶװɵֱҪºԭϹŲĿȨ
ëܹ˲ŭˡ
£ëܹһƤЦⲻЦ˵ҶѲʹǰۼҵˣ
ҶѲʹۼҲ˵⺣ԭϹŲ󣬻Ѿӹˣǵڶ·Ѳʹפ̲ķʹѲ˾ְ𣬵һ޹أëܹܺ˵
˵꣬ëܹĿ⿴˺ԭãɾתϹŲҶѲʹҪ˼ܣܱǣһճǣߣ
˵꣬ëܹһа̫࣬תߡ
ԭҲܲסëܹƣëܹ˵⣬תߡ
ҶĿһ⻸ѾӰ쵽ˣҶ滹ƣ֮ǽӹϹŲ
Ҫǲ͵ؽӶ뿪ʹ֤һڵģҶһʱ򣬹űѲʹӣÿѲʹ飡
ҶôһţԭþЩԥ
ϾѲ˾ͷɲǸǵġ
ոת뿪ëܹܣתҶѲʹ⻰ŻɣȴŲ
ߣлϣҶͷۣҲ޷ô˵䣬ëܹܾʹźԭԶȥ
ëܹܣĪҪ󡣡
ҶԶԶëܹȴ޵һһƿСвҲʲô˻
źԭëܹŵӰҶĿⶸرޱȣߣƲԳԷƣ浱ҵڶ·Ѳʹֽġ
ҵģ


1794 ˵ĵ
ˣô죿ﳤȥëܹ뺣ԭãЩżǼǿнӹϹŲǣ
Ҷ滺ҡҡͷǿнӹϹŲô󡣽ӹϹŲؼҪõԭϹŲŲơ
ӹǰϹŲ󡣡
ǡˣĿǰΣǺѴӺԭõŲơ
ԣҶǶظһ˿ȣİɣò˶ãǹãͻźºԭϹŲŲơ
Ҳߣ˽Ѳ˾ĵϸֶΣȻҶ仰ʲô˼
Ѳ˾Ϊʵ۵ӥȮ鱨أպգﶼǺߵġ
ڴܵ۹ıѲ˾»֣ЩѲ˾ЩֶΣҪ˵ûеߡ
˵£Ѳ˾ЩϣǴү
ЩֶΣ㶼˽ġ
ڵĵڶ·Ѳʹȴһ⡣
ˣ֪ôǸոսӹܺԭ˸صİ֮̽⣬ѲѾԭѲ˾ȫˡ
ǵڶ·ѲʹĿǰںԭ䱡µһʱܷչ֮󣬲ܶЩֶΡ˵
Ѳ˾֮պգΪѲ˾켩ռ鱨µĹԱٵĶһЩΥҼ֮¡
Ѳ˾ڵĹأЩͨΥҼ֮£һǲܵģֻռ鱨
ҪħǱ͸ϸһЩģﵽһ̶ȵİ顣
ƽʱռЩԱ͹ͨΥҼ֮£׷
ǣһʱһһ㲻ᶯãҪʱֻҪãá
˳ϵĸ
Ѳ˾պյĸԭ
Ŀǰǵڶ·Ѳʹոսӹ˺ԭѲ飬ѹûʲôʱ
û˺˱Ҳ޷Ըԭ
£ֺ˱ҪЩĻۣڶ·ѲʹոսӹܺԭѲ飬˵ǻۺ˱ǰ̽Ѳ죬¶ҪĹ
£Ѳ˾ԼֶζԸԭ鷳ˡ
òô鷳˵䣬ҶֽԼӡ׳㣬ϵѲܴµԪ誣ĸҪʮѲ麣ԭʱµѲص
ѲصʵҲǺʱ
üͷһ壬ˣѲǵڶ·Ѳʹϵܽǿ²ὫѲصǣ
û£㰴˵ѲŵԪ誣ȥʾѲϴǧš

ԶݵѲŵԪ誺ܿյڶ·Ѳʹʹġ
ĵʱԪһΪҶڳҪѲص
ɲҸ
һпܻᱩ¶ݣɱ֮
ĺߵıעȴԪ誸ˡ
ʾѲϴǧţӦĹϾѲصġ
һɣԪ誾ͼȥʾѲϴǧš
ڶ·ѲʹҶҪԭʮѲصѲϴǧŵõϢ֮󣬼ûʲôǣ˾
Ǿ͸ǾǡԪ誣һ£͹ȥѲϴǧ˵
Ԫ誼ΪԼˡ
ôϴѲ׵ľͬأ
ͬ˶ȴǺ£֮󣬾æȥ¡
ˣҶҪѲصʮа˾ǽӹܺԭϹŲ뿿ѲصʰԭʹǾͷ
ȻҶ˽´˽ףʱ֣ǴӳԶҶڵĵڶ·ѲʹһղһվѲĸ󻼡
ΪҪأһԵٲʵ
Ѳϴǧȴۺ룬˵٣ʲôԭõڶ·ѲʹҶӹܺԭϹŲ˳
ٻһ£ǰЩǳϢոմǻδ뿪ëܹܾ͵ִ˺ԭ
ˣʮа˾Ӧԭˡ
ôҶ˳ӹ˺ԭǵϹŲ˭˭ҺޣѲϴǧٴʵ
ֵչؼʱڣλӶͲԭǵϹŲ󣬲ôӼĲò䣬ҺԭݳǵϹŲһյսҪأսǾ£žصá
ǱѲ˾ӹܣǴӼ»Ҷ档˵
ԣѲϴǧŵ˵ͷͶˡ˵ĵˣǵѡǵĵ˶һˣ൱Ƕһѣף
ٻȻףϴǧŹ˸
Ѳϴǧ΢Ц

ʱ֮СͨѶŲϹ⻪һϲˣҪѲصѲ͹ˡ
ܺáҶǸڣǿԭĸ߹ٹǣ֯Щʲôأ


1795 
ԭ飬ںԭ뷽֮ʡҲǰԭİʮһɥ֮ڣ̧С檽ţٺ١ַһص¼ҶЦ
ߣǰԭĴ󲻾֮λΣѲ˾ȥΡ
ȷ˵һҹĻոս֮ʣҶʹŴֱ˺ԭ鸮ۡ
һȺƻѲԳȥԭ鸮뷴Ѳ˾һֻҪһĻͲκηˡ
һʼԭ黹ϴԱ磬㰴ͼҳλɥ䱻̧鸮С檡
λԭɫͱò԰ֽ
ոץԭ飬յҶַķѶ
ԭ̲ǰһʮƷʯľ޶¸漰ɽһµҵ⳥ҵĿɽʧҼ
㰲һðҵĿдһ״ֱ׽úԭ̲顣ҶаŵļΪϸ¡
ʹ̲ĸۡ
Ҫ˵ܵĹԱûһƨǸɾġ
ٻСеΥҼͻȨı˽顣
ֻ߾ԱŮףȴݣŹԱͷ컵¡
ļ¼ҶѲ˾ص֮һһѡ
ò˵ѲѲصǵ̫ϸˣصص׽ˣҶԽԭµĹԱȫˡ
Ȼ˵֮Щ˾ȫȫ֮١
ǣظһصģظʮϰ꣬صĶŵĶС
λɥǿ飬Ϊ飬֪һȣҪϱأиնûʲôġ
ȴûǸġ
ԭΣǺԭõ飬ҶɲǬ
ڣҶֻúԭúڡ
ԣڴϷѲص֮УҶҲԸ֯ɴཫѲصӸ㡣
øʹյץ˾ǡ
ҶֻһҪֻҪѲص֮м¼Ҫ̵ʱڽԭĸ߹һ򾡡
˵У顢ʷ࣬Ʒϵĺ۸߹٣ץģֻҪģȫץˡ
ڷͿܵΣգҶҲͿˡ
㾡ץ˵Ҷ滹ֱټ֮еˣüͷȾţЭ㡣
Ѳ񽫷İڼţϿ˵һʧ
ֽ㣬Ҷʱǰʦ̸һ̸ˡ
˵λʦȺҶ죬Ҳǹĵġ
ʦɫʱȴôá
ԭܼ򵥣ΪʦոĿһѲ˾֯Ρ
ȻʦףҶ֯ҲǸѲصм¼ʵӣҲЩӦá
ʦۿЩԭһһĸ߹٣˿̱ҶǴһһָˡ
Ѿץĸ߹٣ʱȫϵıʦ¸𺳡
Ѳ˾Ȩƣιʦʶˡ
ҶѲʹȨſֲʦλǿĸԸڡ
Ҷĳӣʦõˣʦ¡㣬Ҷʱʦ̸һ̸
Ҷˣ죬ϷҲǿ۽磬ʶһѲ˾硣ʦͺܺ˵Ҷ̬ĵͣҲͲǵǿߵļˡ
ңʦ֮ǰͺǾȵķ֣ǰλҶѲʹƺѹϢѹơ
ʦҶĳҲͲϻˣ콫ʦһҪʦ̡Ҷ濪żɽ˵
ҶֱԣֻҪϷܹ쵽ģϷһæʦĻ˵ĺܺȻǲҶ档
ʦûйʵɢѻ찡
Ĵ֯ţǴܵˡ
ʦΪѴѹ޷ķţȻ޷ˡ
пܼ룬ܻʦݡ
λӸλ£ٷְٻܵżôԴܱϲ˵ؼʱ̻ᱻɿĸ߼ڻá
ЩĹȴֲơ
ֻɢޡ
ɢޣȴҪСһСĵλôɽĶ֪
һ·С΢ʦ
˵֮ǰҶĳ֪ʦ뿪֮󣬴ȥҶʵ
ԣʦȴδȿЦ
Ϸϲɣϲ뿪֮󣬴ȥǰЩСûĸϷ򣬹ӦԴ
ʦҪҪۼΣҶͻؿʵ
Ҷǣ
ʦʶʲôһ˼ʹ˵ںԭߣһһٿƷ鵤һƷʯԼֵһƷʯĵر
һƷʯĿе󣬵һλǿߵ۶ԣҲߡ
ҪҶóƷʯԸոշһʺƵҶԣ¡
ÿ궼óôһʣͲҶԳԵˡ
ϾҶı϶е룬һҲƷʯҡ
⵱лҪȥǰľѣٺ»һӯҲƷʯͷ
ƷʯҶ滹ҪӦԼԼɿ޵ٿ޼˾
ԣ۳ǱʺƶԣҶĿǰ֧Ǻܽŵġ
ҲҶΪʲôһҪϺԭǵϹŲԭ
ϹŲҶܶһʲԴ˵Ҷµ̶ӵĳɱӯܹɱ
ǰλʦҶ֧ӯͻǺޣʲô顣
˼һ£ҶٴοڣʦҶĳ뷨ҲµˣҶĳʦҶĳıԼڶ·Ѳʹ·֪ʦĹΣ
ֱӿۣʦƺҲЩΪѣǿüġ
Ҷ浹ã롣
ҶϷҲ㣬ҶϷĻôԭԴĿͺܺʡ
˵ʦĿͻһҶܹϷŪһЩȽϡĵرǹϷļ룬Ҳ̸
ιʦô꣬ͻ˾ҶʣϿȷҶȷʵ빩ͷ̫ԣ
ԣǰ仰
ʵۼ䣬ιʦϲЩڵǿ߶ԵϡȱĵرΪʯŪڵǿ߶ϡĵرȴǳŪ
ǺԭҲûŪʲôϡȱĵر
ʦģҶΪѲ˾һ·Ѳʹһ˵ܡ
޶żιʦĺ仰ҲҶͷһ
æʵʦҪһЩϡȱĵرɷ˵
ȾǺ鱦һõĺ鱦Ϸѹʹꡣ
ʦԺ鱦УԵһҶķӦʧˡ
ξһЩõǿ߲ı絤ҩеʥƷ쵤ֻǲкˣֻ
ҶʱһϲæʵʦҪĳͷǡп֪ʦô㣿
Ҷйʦ۾͵رñǳҪ
ҶܹΪϷṩĻһꡭʮš
˵ʦҶ涸Ȼһ飬æۣûʮŵĻ˿ҲУҲ߿
߿Ҷһľ㵡
ҶӸߵʦ˼һ¿ЦҶѲʦ߿߹Ĳˡ
ãɽ
˵䣬Ҷʦһָͷʮţһʦʮʦ뷢һ򵥵ԡ


1796 粨
ʵ⣬½ʱǷǳʢеģģκ˸ҶΥӦԡ
½ʱҶΪߡʶչ㣬֪ʵûд˵еôá
ԽΪǿĴڣԽԡ
ȻⲢûãڵµʱԵǷǳ޵ġ
ҲһЩءʱħ֡
ԣںĴ½⣬ûá
ҪһЩԼ޶ᶯһЩǿĴƳķڶϻ
ǵΪͻƵֲ֮һˡ
ΪǿߣĿģ걾ԴԼطȻԡ
պǸΥڤڤӦ顣
ԣںĴ½Ҫһλǿ߷ԣԷǻǳصġ
ʦöĵ׼ۣҶȴֱʮöļ۸񣬹ʦ֮⣬ʦһ򵥵ԡ
Ҷг⣬ʮʦǿԣʦҶνļ򵥵ʲô
Ҷ濴һλǿ߹ȷʵĿǰıԼҪġ
ȴһλľĿεĵǿߡ
ҪλǿΪƴ֮ǰ¹ӡߵȴҶԸ⿴ġ
ʦҶĳݺܼ򵥣һ򵥵Լ
ʦֻҪұĹͱ뾡ľĻұľΪҶ£κβҶ桢ڶ·Ѳʹ顣
Σʦʦ֮صվʦſ⡣
ԣʦһ죬ףҶӦǿ֮ǰӡߵΪ򵥵ԡ
Ȼ򵥣ҲأʦЩԥ
Σ֮صյأſѡ⡣
֮ܺԭĹʱҲƵԣô͵ӹͬѲ˾ԡ
ʮţ
ʦԥҶһμ룬ֻҪʦԣÿ깩ҿԼӵʮšҶĳֻҪһ̤ʵһı֤
ʦһҶ˴ȵļ룬Щȡ
Ҫ֪ڵļ۸񣬿Ƿ츲ء
ǰľļ۸ԼƷʯһţֻҪͷʯչŪ
ǰĺϵͬʱֱû˻Դ
⵼µļ۸ȵıǣ񱱺ɵȾĴϣҶṩİųӣĳɽ۸嵽ʮҡ
ϺΪ׼㣬мֻ֮вʮţÿʮŵĳɽۣȻ쭵ʮƷʯһš
ǣҲǿʼ
ȾĴᣬһϧδ˴ڡ
һսУܹŪȼˡ
¸еһʱ׼ŪһİţһҲͼʮš
һ𲻴󣬵ļ۸ȴޱȵѪȡ
ɵɽ۸һﵽʮƷʯ
Ϻеԭȵʮöһֳöһġ
öľļҲߴһʮƷʯ
ɽѾӽʮƷʯһöˡ
ң⻹һļ۸
ҵڵĹƣļ۸񣬻һȲ͵ҵʱĳɽۣԸʮƷʯ
ԭܼ򵥡
Ϊйչļ۸񣬾ѾʮƷʯһţչ֡
ﵽʮϣ۸ϸɡ
չ۶Ѿˣǳɽۿ
ҰĿǰƣļ۸»ڽʸߣֱﵽֵĶ㡣
Ҳ֮ǰʦ߿׼۵ĸԭ
߿һĳɽֵۣѾƷʯľĳɽǻᳬʮʮ顣
ؼǣȱʯҲ򲻵
ڵǿߵ޿
Ҷ濪ʮۣʦѹûκξܾɺ
Ϊȥʼӽʱڣʦ򵽹һ
˵µףʵҶ档
Ҷħ԰׸֮ǰĹӦҲһֱܽţڿԽܵķΧ֮ڡ
ǳԷһ㣬ɽ亣ζܹԺãвԱǿмһֳƶĻ
Ǵ˶ڿԳԵķΧ֮ڣʳļ۸һֱȶ
Ҷ潫ħ԰գħ԰ĲռӦ֮һ
Ǿ൱ϵʳͻȻ֮һ
ɱС֮һ
ٵ֮һ۷ǣɱıǣҪ򵽣ҪǮ
ԭǿ˶вҵҲֻܹǿԱڶĿ򲻻䡣
ģ
ǰʯõʦŴѵʯ򲻵
ʮţȻȻͻʦûκξܾɡ
Ŀǰ£ǴŵҲĺ¡
£ʦҶ棬걾Դ֮Լط򣬰ҶҪ󣬷ǸԼȲǿҲСԡ
ΪҶµĵһ
ͬһʱ䣬Ѳ˾Ѳڶ·Ѳʹںԭڴ׽úԭ߹ٵ飬Ҳ˺ԭ


1797 سû
ԭڣԭƣ
һëܹܣҶĶźͳͻ֮ëܹһӦˡ
ëܹܸһŶ֮󣬹ëܹܡ
ƽվ磬ǣּɡ
յ磬ϵǻʵϣȴԻëܹܡ
ʧ˹ݣǡúôķǰλëܹܼ䣬λëܹܴý
ҾСϾëܹ̫࣬ﻹǶԼƲˣøСġ
ϲǾԲϵġ
̫ǲԸҲʹ
һۣ֡
ۣѹ
ϣҪȥǱߣⷦͽŮڼܹܽ
ҲáϾŮ˼ѹѡ
ϣ롭

ȺԭƲһޱȵıѶͽԭøŵһ¡
󵨣ûйأϣõǺԭͳ죬ڼܹǵı͡
ԭõȴһ䣬ļУţλͳɴδֱô
ѵǷʲô£
һˣԭɫؾ䡣
ͷȥĽͳͬʱ𣬡ϣ²ãѲ˾Ѳڶ·Ѳʹʹ㣬ʱ֮д׽ҺԱ
֮ʱ顢̲顢顢̲ɡʷʮһѾǸ㾡á
ʲô
õ鶸ر࣬ôĵӣҪʲôˣ֪ԭ򣿡
ͳʱЩؾϣȻ׽Һس׽õÿһλسƺȷ
ȷ
ԭһ䣬ʱ뵽ʲô
Ҳɵӣδ뷽֮ʱҲιְ˾ҲѲ˾Ȼ⵱еԵɡ
ҶķֶΡ
֮ǰëܹܵǿǹһ㣬ʱëܹܶΪҶոսӹܺԭѹû
ڡ
ȷ䣬Ǻã˼һ£ԭæȥةʹ󽫾̽Ҫ¡
ǣūڼܹϾȥּˡ
ּ⴫ĺܿ죬λڼܹܣȴһ̼Ļתġ
ôˣԭһֲõԤС
شū򴫼ּ֮󣬵õ󽫾Ļر󽫾
󽫾ôˣ˵ԭüˡ
󽫾ոձڶ·Ѳʹʹ˽׽ˡڼܹܴ
ʲô˽ô£üʵ
ݴ󽫾ĻѶ˵Ѳ˾ڴ󽫾ĸѳ˶ʮ鱬ħ⣬󽫾ĳӣ۶Ҫ
ʲô
󽫾ˣԭЩˣ˱Ѳ˾׽ˣ߲񣬶ʱ̲ˡ
ةأٴ׷ʵ
شةӵּ֮ԵϸϹ֮ڣͻϵ
ԣԭһ
ةǺԭңֻҪةൽˣ֮Ӧܹ֮
ӵʱ䣬תۼԭüеĿŵţȴûпةӰӵĽ
һ֮󣬹õȲסˣߵһˣةôδȥӭһӭ
ڼܹܻ뿪ûãʹһ˷εƨķ˴
ةฮѲ˾ڶ·Ѳʹʹڰ·ϣֱ׽ôةˡ
ʲô
£ԭó׼ˣ㣡ˣةһԺã
ڼܹһŴǸةฮˣ˲Ŷ߶µĴشʹةףǿŮةˡ
ס
ԭԴˡ
ة֯ţһţΪةͣةǸӣʵ竣һξȻ󵽵ϷĹŮ
ڶ̶̵İʱ֮ڣǰĸһһúԭͷըˡ
Ҳɵˡ
Ӱڶ̶ʱʱڣԭسһ򾡡
Ӧ˵Ǽıһˡ
䣬ںԭǵĶʮ۸߹٣ǰĽͳ֮⣬Ȼȫˡ
λͳ죬ʱҲǲ֮ΪļرѲ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹʹѾͶͨ뺡
Ʒͨ뺡
⡭⡭侹Ȼ
֮ɫĺԭãһƨϡ
ǰ˵Ѳ˾жֲж磬ҲֻǴ˵
죬ᵽˡ
һسȻץˣ
Ȼ˵Ѳ˾óĺöةףҪεĻةĶӣة౾ȴǣ
жû֮ǰة͵ñһֱš
֮СδһʱڣĺԭҪ̱ˡ
ҪǣҹһЩ˶Ҫְ
ǣҹεĹԱƨ¾͸ɾˣ
ûǸġ
£ȴϡ
ԭĹԱһҪֱǳضһûЩԱãҪס
һ̱һ죬Ǵʧѹ޷
ҪǣΪֹѲ˾ڶ·Ѳʹʹ㻹յץˡ
ץˣȫҪġ
˰˾ʹó˾ʹԭǺͳȵȡ
ЩҪǱץòһ죬ֻҪ죬Ϊغ߾óתĵĺԭǣҪס
ùεǣЩԱûҲˡ
Эϵ顣
Эϵ鼸죬Ǿ͵˵㡣
ûκΰ취
Ȼÿϸ棬ߡ
ܵĹأϸһӦˣ˾ڸĴ˾ڸϽ
Ǻԭܡ
Ҫϸ棬ȻѯܴõģͻֱӴã޷õģҪ౨ʼ¡ּ
ԣѲ˾ܹõġ
һг򣬵ʥּʮ£һڰ궼пܡ
ڣ˵ǰ꣬ʮ£ǺԭҪˡ
ˣ
ԭһˡ
ᣬᵽѲ˾Ŀֲ
ΪʲôѲ˾ĹԱƵġ
ڴ֮ǰةΪʲôÿ궼ҪѲϴǧһʸߴϰƷʯ
Ҳة֮ǰΪʲôһֱ뻸Ѳ˾ڶ·ѲʹҶԡ
ЦȻ
ô˿ĺˡ
ԭҲмּʶϵˡ
ڶ·ѲʹҶ滹δ뿪ɣ
شûС
ȥڶ·ѲʹҶ棬˵ڹԴ
û˵꣬ԭþҡͷЦˣˣǹȥҶѲʹĺá
ԭôһƱ˼뿪δ˼ϹĻëܹܡ


1798 
ǡ׼ȥİĺԭãëܹܵЩ
ëܹҲյϢŸϹģҶǴˣëܹѾµ˺ԭõ뷨
Ҳһ㣬ɴһ͵ЦŵëܹܣҲΰǰةѲ˾ĹϵҲû뵽Ѳ˾ȻѲ
Ҳûˣڶ·ѲʹҶţ׼ȥ
˵˳ϿңȻǲ˶ﻸ
ĶŹÿ˼ϢëܹܽӣͻȻ伷һ˿Цݡ
дܾˣۼҿǲܡ
ıʣۼҲǸո֪
ģС¶ۼԳ棬ܽ£Ϊǡëܹ˵ޱȵš
˵ˣԭڻͷ˵ʲô
ˣëܹˡ
ģۼȥȥͻء˵꣬ëܹܾת˹ţճţʹµһƱСֱ̫Ǳķ
ΪʱҶ棬ڳǱ
·ϣëܹܿһۡץ˵ĵڶ·Ѳʹüͷһ壬ûȥ
νֻҪ㶨Ҷ棬¾ʹԴͷϽˡ
ҶԭǣҲ޴ȥѲںԭǵľš
ոõʮʦϲʢʱҶĽš
Ҷʱش
Ŀǰս
ߵսΪвġ
սǾʵս֮óĽ
Ҷ棬ĿǰسڵΪڵǿҲ
ҶҪʦöʦʵһʵ˽⡣
ˣϷսʵǱȽƽӹͬȽ׵֮УϷսΡ
ǶͬΪڵߣϷսϷ磬ȡʤǶֳк鱦Ϸûκʤ㡣
סһʱ仹ûġ
ϵڵǿߣϷӮ٣һʱ䣬ҲǿԵġ
ԸսʦЩڣҪʵͬ׵֮У̫ƽˡ
ʦ֮ôǿߣǵڶ·ѲʹҲжԿ֮ˡˣðһ䣬ʦ޵һַǲһطͨɷ͸©һ
˵Ҷ΢΢һЦȻʦҪǾĲ㣬Բش𡣡
ʦҡҡͷҲûʲôģҲʲôܡ
ҲˣϷɢޣСȱָ㣬˺ܶ·ΪֹϷͬϵϵľϵ
˵Ϸ꣬ΣգξһĹͨԷ
ĿǰͨһľϵĸͨԷ
ʦ˵Ҷ⡣
ʵҶҲһɢޣôһʱ䣬Ҷѡ񹦷ҲԱΪġ
ˣëܹһѲǰر
ëܹܣ

Ҷɴĸ˻ظ
Ҷ棬ý룬Ҳ֪λëܹܴ˿ǰʲôˡ
ͽǿ࣬粻
ЩˣȴҶ治ܹġ
ҶĻոأֲĵѹڴ
ҶѲʹҾܾĽƣǵһλšëܹܵԶ˲ϢѾſڡ
ͬʱĵϢʦϱϯëܹܣһޱȵĿռ䲨Ϸ
Ҷ֪Ѳ񽫷İ
ǿѲ񽫣ǿǿ߶Ҫɵֵġ
ҶһιǴѲ񽫷İģȴһֱû
ã
ҶһʦĵϢĵأ޵Ŀռ䲨Ҳʹʧ
ͬһɲǣëܹŶ롣
ŵĵһʱ䣬λëܹܾͳҶ˴ĴָҶѲʹֶΣ̶̰ʱ䣬ͽһλǿ£ۼ
һΣҶȴưޱȵûëܹܣڻϣһôҾͲ׷ˡ
˸ôѲ˾֮ͽҶĳؽ䵱ɱ
Ҷһ仰ɱ
ëܹܵɫһߵѲ˾ڶ·Ѳʹնɱǿߵʵˣ
ëܹܿԣ
Ҷ񶸵رޱȣ·ʬɽѪ̤ɷس𣬾ëܹɫһ䡣
ҶĿѾòһˡ
һССߵɱȻܹײһǿߣҶĴԣԷ顣
˵Ҳ棬ëܹܽӲ·Ϸһ㣬˲ϢͻЦݡ
ۼҽΪҶѲʹһ׮󸻹ģ֪ҶѲʹûȤëܹ˵
ûȤ
Ҷɴ֣ëܹܵЩΣλ˲Ϣʧˡ
ҶѲʹȱžܾ˵ģͶҼһ£պٲҶѲʹһѲ
ëܹܣѲ˾ֻڱһˣëܹٸҺݹҶĳ顣Ҷ˵
ǣۼˡ
ðɣۼҲˣۼҽảԭǵϹŲ󡣡˵ëܹȴ˸
ĻϷҲ˵ùˣҶѲʹ¡磬ۼʾ˻£˵ǵڶ·ѲʹѲ麣ԭûйҲп͡
ԣԭϹŲϽɸ˰֮ľ룬ڶ·Ѳʹɣԭһɣľ͹黸ˡ
˵ţëܹܾЦĿҶ棬ҶѲʹ㿴Σ
ã
Ҷ滺ҡҡͷҶĳǲ֮ͨˣ⺣ԭϹŲ棬ǵڶ·Ѳʹռͷǵڶ·Ѳʹռ߳ɣʣµɣ͹Ƿ䡣
Ҷ仰˵ʵ
ôҶҲ֪̫ĵ
һ湲֣ƽദõġ
ǣԭϹŲߵ䣬Ҷռͷ
ϾܵĹأԭϹŲҲɵڶ·ѲʹϽģܷһͲˡ
ҶĻոأλëܵͱˡ
ܣ
Բܣ
ҶѲʹɣǵڶ·Ѳʹռɣǵߡëܹ˵
һҶɫͱˣͿͣ
ˣԷ̰ᣬѾû̸ıҪˡ
ԣëܹ͵ȵҶѲʹǻµ
ΣҶЦڵĻ£ܲҶĳͷϣͿͣ
Ҷһ£ʦͻҶ͡
Ҷ󷽵ʮ֣Ѿλʦ˼ӣҶĴ֡
һߣëܹܴ󲽳ţλëܳûϢһλѲԾͱ׵Ľ
ˣˣǸëܹܾȻǿͷ֮ǰûĺԭ˷
ʲôҶ͵
ҶϹȥʱҶµĵڶ·ѲʹڸëܹܴһٶС̫š
ëܹܱˣȴ绢Ⱥ֮Щڶ·Ѳʹ޲ᡣ
˻ᣬëֽܹĿʼͷűҶõĺԭ˷
һĻҶ˲رŭˡ
ţ
ëܹʵ̫ˣֱǸҪ
󵨣
˽˷ţЩҵҷߣɱۣҶŭȵ
ҶصɲǣļµղɢѲ񽫷İϢ
ʦϢҲһɲǼëܹܡ
ҶɱļѲ˾Ϣͬʱëܹһˡ
ҶɽҲһɲǼԾУңңëܹܣ鱦׹ϸ˸ļµ׹⡣
սһ
Ҷ汬ʵϢëܹܳһ
ͬʱëܹ̽һȡһɢŲãϢĽɫƣͱëܹ˳
ڴˣ˭ҷŷ
ҹлߣͬ췴ۼҵҪһҪ壡
ëܹһöͼ仰ͽѲ˾ļ嵱˵Ŀ⣬ͷĿҶ棡


1799 ʱ

ëֳܹö䡢ɢŲãϢƣҶͫһ
ΪѲ˾ѲʹҶ֪ôһ¡
ӼĻţ⻸Ӧġ
⻸ֻܴˣһ̫ӦʲôҶҲò׼ˡ
лߣ㲻췴Ҷ޷ȷ
ҶȷǣڴܣףǴҵϵһǳɻ顣
һãͻҶһޱȴĸͷ
ҶûκηӦλëܹܹЦ
ҶѲʹǰۼҺ̣ȴӦҪƵۼֶΣǾƲԳԷư
ߣۼҵҪۼô
ۼҾͷˣۼҷЩس㻹ʲôҪЮԭ

ĴЦëܹһ䣬ֳֻʩʩȻʼһķˣȷųģǺԭĴ󽫾
ҶɫȴǱޱȡ
Ҷ濴ëܹܴ˾٣ͷʺ
ǽëܹˣôѲ˾ڶ·ѲʹӴĻſԡ
Ͻ֮ڣֻҪǸ˻ĹϵͿڶ·Ѳʹͷ
ҶѲϴǧŽĺԭĹϽȨҲǰϹˡ
ūǲ֪仰Ҷ漸Ǵųġ
˫ʱǳ׵˺Ƥ
ëܹҲЦ޼ɵˣۼȷʵˣΣ˿̣ҶۼҰë
ʮ˸ӣҲҶۼҰë
٣Ҷ棬ͷ֪ʶģھ͹ۼǰϴͷۼһԸһ·ۼɵۼ˵һ֮·
ҶĶŵëܹܣĿ⣬ͷ·ڿһˡ
иոóĸݣ֪ʱѾʼ˸ˡ
ҶСӣҹĽϵϷ򣬿ǹǱ߳ʲô飿ĸеЩС
Ǵڼܹ㳯ֻĸݵĴ֮Щʧ档
Ҷ֮ڼܹ㳯ֱϵĸݣΪҶ볤ֹߵý㳯صظҶһϵĸݣԱ㳤ֹǱʱ򣬽ϵ㳯
˵Ҫ㳯ҲڵһʱϵҶ档
ܹܣû£Щ⣬Ҫһ¡Ҷ˵

ܹܣģһڼŻ췴֮вҲö֣ͷµ˷Ҷ򵥵һƪ
Ҷ⵭˵ģëܹܵע⡣
ëܹȴһĲмҶѲʹۼҲŴģֱϵܹܣΪۼһţ
˵ңҼҵĻ£ҲûֱϵܹܵĿܡһƭۼңҲ̫ɵ˰ɣ
˵ëܹܾЦ޶ˣһ棬Ҹ̨»ǲġ
ëܹܵĳЦҶû˵ֻٴζĸݵܹܣҾ֪˳лһʲô
Ҫ嶯Ϸĸڴ㳯
ܹܣҳ嶯һҪҹɵûɱѾǿˡҶ˵
ʲô
ĸڴһ
ʲô֣
ëܹܣëɣҶ
ëɣǺôĹĸڴһŭȣҶ棬Ϸʱʱ֮Ϸ˻ǰ
ã
ҶոӦһë䳰ȷҶѲʹϷݵģ񰡡
ǣƭҲҪһ㣬ĸڵһ㶼ڵġ
ôݲɵơ
Ҷһ˿Ц⣬ȻëܹԼȫһ£ϢģҶ潫ĸݵķ׼ëܹܡ
󵨣
㳯ŭĺĸд֮Աǡ
ʮϢ֮ëɾЦˡ
һ˴³Ѳ˾ڶ·Ѳʹԭá
¼ư̫ëһɭڳͷһ
רҵеĳƺëܹͷһæǣǣ
㣿
ͷƳһëɣû˵ֻǳʾһޱȵơ
һöƣëɾ͵شһս
úúţʱ֮ͻˡ
ʱĸۣͷ·һըͷ֮ϣëܹܵɸһ
⡭ⲻܣ
˲Ϣ䣬ëܹܾͺ罬
㳯ܹ֣ܵҶҪҪ졣
һӳͷĹһµ̫ʹӼӶ
ĸ¼ư̫ëɣ
һ߳ԭѾ罬ˮѾʪĻëܹܣʱ̱ڵء


1800 Ľ
ĸ¼ư̫ëɣ
һ߳ԭѾ罬ˮѾʪĻëܹܣʱ̱ڵء
Ȼû˻ش𣬵µ̫Ҳ˭ëɡ
£
һֱ̫̫߳λԻëܹܡ
ܣëɵ֣ȴд˲ʣ׽ʲôˡ
Ǵڼߵ˾󶼶
ڼ˾һ̫඼ŷɥĵطֻҪǽȥģûܹų
Ҫǣǰµ̫ݡ
˾٣ֱΪ˾Ҷ
һ£ҶԳڼֻ࣬ڼܹʱҶŻ
֮ǰ˾󶼶׽ڼܹ㳯ˡ
ëɵľֿ֪
ǣ͵
ëɿɲϢı׽ý˾ȻϢĻࡣ
֮䣬ë͵ؾеĻЪ˹Ĵڴˣ˭ҷ
˭Ҷң
˹̫˿ûеĻëɵһᣬϢʱ
һֱ俴λëܹܵµ˾󶼶Ǽ䷢һߡ
ˡ
ͬʱӰʹëëܹͷָӰü䣬Ӱܵӡëɡ
ӰɢĵϢȻëϵϢҪҡ
ëɴһŻӭӰ˫ȭѵ֣ھޱȵ״̬¡
һϸϸڵķڵĳ룬͹ëɵš
߻һޱȵĳ鴤˲Ϣͱɫ
һĻҶͷһ
һɲǣë˫Ŀ͹Ƕرһ𿰿ëһģһ̼ޱȵɫԪ͵ضݳ
ݳɲǣëɵԪӶݣǷ˳λ̫࣬·һ㣬һϸϸޱȵĺɫСëɵԪ鵱ͷ£˲ϢͽëɵԪġ
ëɵԪ鷢˾İ󶼶Ϊʲôۼҷ˺Ϊʲô׽ң
µ˾󶼶һֲмĿ⿴һëɣȻ󻺻ļ˵ڵصĻ
ȫߣ
Ϣ֮µ˾󶼶Ҷ湰˹֣Ȼתȥʮ̫ѺëܹܴϰС̧̫࣬ëɵʬ壬·һʧ˺ڰС
ֵʾסëɵˣҲҶһ֣ʧ˺ڰС
Ϣ֮Ҷ֮ǰڼܹ㳯ϵĸٴηɫ⡣
ˣ㳯
ţˣлܹܡ
лϷϷΪΰ㣬㶮ġ
ԣҶͿЦҶĸݵˡ
Ҷ㳯˼˵ҶǷ㳯һ飬š
ҶҲף㳯æãǷ㳯飬ɾԲû
νծ˲
һΪõֻӡһҶ㳯æѾǷһˣҲһΡ
պľĻǡ
⻸ëܹһŪߣôҶ泹׽ӹܺԭǵϹŲҲͲԶˡ
ˣԭةʯˣ˵ҪˡһѲʹǰر
ةʯĿһҶѾϲ³ةʯҪ˼ˣ
ֽ֮Ѳ˾Ƽĺԭة౻飬ȴޱȵ򶨡
ة⿪
ةʯճѪ۵󣬻Ҷ湰ֵҶѲʹȻףҺԭ֮֮ǰðΪȫǻĲֵԭ
Ǵ˷Ϸ򣬲ϷȥҼҴʱ򣬱ضҶѲʹһĽ
һĽ
ҶĶةʯΣչһЦܺãҾͷةȥϣةܹһĽ
ԵҶ泤һҾԭةʯʹȥ
ȥְͣɣѾˡҶ˵
ͬһʱ̣ԭãޱȵⲽȻëܹʱ˵ĵޱȵġ
һһҹ;䣬ͻȻùة֮ǰȰ֮ԡ
Ѳ˾һΪԭ˺չηǺԭһԿ
ΪԭΪֳ
һԭسץһ
ңǿʼ
һʱ䣬ԭǻڲ
ةൽ
ةൽˣԭôϲæӭȥةǱëܹܾ˳
ëܹѾڼ˾ɱҶѲʹ֮飬˻ᣬĿǰ⡣ةʯ˵
ʲô
ԭñةʯĻһƨɵڵء


1801 
ڶ·Ѳʹںԭǵ֮УҶеλϣڶ·Ѳʹʹλ
ԭĹةʯҶҲס
ΣȥЩ죬Ͼ֮УģӦǺԭá
ǰۣȴڶ·Ѳʹʹ㶼硣
뷽ԵõʹͣζŽĳΪһ֮
ǣ׷۵ףÿʵ
ûǿʵϽһ͸Ӳࡣ
ҲǺԭ뷽߰Ĺ򣬸̫ǳҪǻһ뷷ԵķҶҲ޷ǿƵġ
ȻҶǿƣҪռ˺ԭʹԭ
ҶѲʹ֮ǰ飬ʵһᣬҶѲʹ¡
˵䣬ةʯѾ˫ַһװ̡
ҶѲʹǺԭϹŲĿƣԼԭϹŲʯֿ
кԭϹŲʮĿԼԭϹŲӪƺһӦةʯ˵
ͳȥһӦʲԭȴЩۡ
Ҷʾӹȥ֤ԭةٴοˡ
ε飬ʵǸᣬΪҶѲʹҺԭ׼һ񵥣ҶѲʹЦɡ˵䣬ةʯٴһ񵥡
񵥺ֵܳȥܲơ
ҶϸĿһ飬ڵһλƷ鵤ʮţƷ鵤һǧţƷ鵤һţֵܼڶʮһƷʯϡ
ˮƷʯʮ飬Ʒʯһǧ飬Ʒʯһ飬ֵܼҲڶʮƷʯ֮䡣
ʯˣƷʯһٿ飬ƷʯʮȵȣֵܼҲʮƷʯ
ǺԭڵĳһЩֵĿʯĵرҩȵȣԼ
ȻһЩȽϡݳƷ˿ٽ͢ٻ;ʮ׵ȵȲһ㡣
񵥣Ҷĵ˵ͷ񵥣⡣
񵥵ֵܼһƷʯϣҲһˡ
ҶѲʹ񵥣ǽģӽÿ궼һ͵ϣҶѲʹպҺԭչһةʯ˵
˵
ةʯԴϲҶѲʹȻֺ꣬ôҺԭЩسҶѲʹǲǡ
˵ةʯͿЦسæûǴҺԭǻס
ҶȴŴӦָǰǱм̶ӣһ֧Ĵӣպǻᾭںԭ

ةʯԿЦҶ治飬æҶѲʹ̶ӣǺԭһ˰
ǣǰ鶨һ˰ȣÿͨأýļ顣
ҶüͷةʯæҶѲʹ趨˰ͨõֶΡ
Ϊǲ˰ȣС̶Ӿͻ˰̶ϱߣɾ޴ʧ
ȻţҶǾԲġ
ƽʱ̶ӵĹ϶±ߵܹܹڴǲ˰ȣ±ߵӡ
ǵպҶѲʹµ̶ӹģ˰֮ҶѲʹ̶Ӻʹ˰գȫֻ˳ա
˳ɵܳԭ˰ȡ
֮⣬Ҷ˵̶ӺʹӣӵͨȨ
ةʯһϸ˵ǵˮ©Ҷ治ɵЩͣ⺣ԭةʯǸ˲š
ȻˣǾͰة˵İ졣
ԭةʯϸ࣬Ǵ˷֮š
ҶƣĿǰһܹʡºüʮƷʯ˰Ҳ㲻ˡ
ͨȨҶĴӽ׸ӵѸ١
ҺԭЩԱةʯٴ˵
һΣҶ沢ûлشةʯ㽫һݸ˺ԭá
ҶѲʹЩ⡣
ԭץĳ֮У󲿷ڽһ㷣֮󣬾ͿԵͷţϵļλȴҪϳ͡Ҷ˵
ԣԭôˣڵһλģǺԭĴ󽫾ڶλةʯĶӡ
ҶѲʹҺԭĴ󽫾ǡ
Ҷһֱ֣Ӵ˺ԭõĻЩҶĳһ۱һ۾͹ȥЩҶĳȴǲӡ
ԣʯõͬʱһݡ
ԭĴ󽫾˽ؽе鱬ħ˵ǻ֮ѳ
һ㣬ҶĳϱҪϱ˲ҶĳҲеϵ
ԭû˵ʲôȴةʯһ£ֻܳ̾һĬҶ
֮⣬ةĶΪǿŮϳ̲͡ԩĹԱ밴ϳ͡Ҷ˵
Ϸһϳ͡ةʯ˵
ԣҶ滺˵ͷ
Ѳ˾ֻѲȨûа참ȨЩԱ˺ԭĴ󽫾֮⣬ҪҲֻǺԭ
Ҷʱô˵ʩѹ
ʩѹأһΪ壬أΪ壬ʾǵڶ·ѲʹĴڸС
źԭҶһĽһεĺԭϹŲ£ǽˡ
ջΪϲ˵ģҶ浱еĻҪ
ǺԭÿһƷʯ
ֻҪҶһֱѲźԭͻ᲻ϡ
ֲЩϽŷѲʹһͣҶ֪˴𰸡
Ȼ񣬲Ҷһˣڶ·Ѳʹġ
أҶܹһ룬ʣµʮƷʯҲᰴְλͬȥзݡ
Ҷ澪ϲǣ˺ԭϹŲʲ֮󣬷ֺԭϹŲ룬ԤҪĶࡣ
ϹŲȥŲƵģһһǧƷʯңϽɹ߳ɣصѲʹܹõƷʯ
ǺԭϹŲȴΪԭ̶࣬һߴһǧʯңŽ꺣壬
£Ͻɹ֮߳󣬻ӯİƷʯҡ
İʮƷʯеһҶ棬һѲ˾ĴСְٷߡ
ϣٶƷʯͿ䵽Ҷ
ϺԭҶ˽һͶ˽Ʒʯ롣
ҪǻѲʹƷʯ룬ܹ䵽ԼһƷʯûС
ԭܼ򵥡
ѲʹҲøԵĶͷ˾Ѳŵʹʹñһݺ
ǹ
ȥԼ䲻̫ࡣ
ҶȫȥͽѲϴǧţøѲŵ
ƷʯǴˡ
һ뺣ԭĳͻٴν͵ڶ·Ѳʹʵ̰¶ˡ
ʵǲûм⵶
ƷʯҶͿԽһһֱûʵʩļƻִȥ


1802 ķŭ
˽
ԭڣԭһ̾̾
׵ةʯһ۹ã̵Ŀڡ
νӱ𣬰겻֮ҪҺԭʱ̫̣̲㡣
ﶦʢޱȣԺԭΪͼηչ꣬ʱһ⾰ʯ˵
д˿οͷԻة࣬Ƿչ֮ҺԭҶ鷳
˵븸˵ĹϵͽڶΣҪһڵġ
ͼΣҺԭԱпɣҶ鷳ѡ˲ʧȥʵةʯֲһ䣬ǻ۹꣬һʵʱͻлᡣ
һԭٴηʣãةศǹ˾Ϳͼ꣬ʱҶһ¡
˵һǽǺԭ뻸Ĺϵǡ
ǣʵ£ǺԭҲһ¡
ô˵
һ£ͬСɣǺԭǽУһã㸲֮˳Һԭԣһ¡ةʯ˵
˼һ£ԭǰةʯһҾةʯɫ䡣
ةܹһݣ֮ǰ£ڲة֮ԣɴһ£Ѿ֪ة಻ǰӣĸˣ֮Ҷһ̡óϿҵ
ԣةʯҲŹðȥɷϳˣдģϳҲ
һ֮󣬺ԭةݱĹɺĻתۡУɫ
оڶ·ѲʹҶϣҶֻڶ̶䣬ڶ·Ѳʹϰ·Ҷˡ
Ҷߵһ
ģҶһϸ£ǡ
ΨһҵģǴýʱ䶨ʱ䣬˵Ҳ˵Ҳ̣±仯˭Ԥϣ
Ҳ֮󣬴ûԼıأ

ԭ߹ƽλڴڳǵĻڣȴ˿籩꣡
ʲô
ëܹܱ˾ã
˭ܸ߱ڼ˾ôԵ޹ʵëܹܵ鷳
УѾֵĺԭϹŲôᶪʧë˾׽֮ǰ׸ʲô£
Уһյڻб˷ĩһɻҳһ
ϵ̸ڣЩսԵλϹŲһܲһӣб˲ֵķݡ
˭֪ҶѲϴǧŽףӲŪһ¿ӡ
Ѳϴǧ񲻸ҲûڶʳǸ¡
ǵڶ·ѲʹҶķһȥͿˡ
ǻһʱǿƳ
û뵽ˣһëɡ
£ūոսӵ˾֪ᣬëëܹѾ˾նɱԪڱĨȥ֮ȥ˾ҴҸرǻĴܹ㡣
ԣ͵վһŭݣʲô㳯ϹȻ֪һͽҵµ˴ã
£ڼܹ࣬ȨġĻӦΪɬ
һλԭ𣿡
ص£˵ëܹܣܹԽġ
أ
鲻ǺԭǱߣȴһϸ˵µǰںԭǱߣܡܹ˫ֵһ
һۣĿͱɭޱȡ
ڶ·ѲʹҶ棿
Ҫ뱾𣿺ߣ
߼䣬е˲Ϣͱ˷ĩ¶һɲǣƺ˼ȣĪĴһս

ҶʱռĿֲá
ʱ֮ҶͿñȱʮʱһһӢ
ȫ֮£˰ʱܹһλ۷߽ڵߡ
Ҷ棬ֻҪʮꡣ
Ʒǳǿ󣬵ƺùãȴһܴ⣬ǾԴ
ʱ֮£ҶӢʱСʮĵԴȴһҲ١
Ϊֻʯ鵤ԭҶӢĵԴҪҪһɡ
ֹˣڰʱΪṩһ衣
ҶȴҪʮʱľӢߣṩһԴ
£ҶҪһӢĵԴͷǳĴ
ֻƷ鵤һƽһҲҪһƷ鵤൱һƷʯ
Ҷ֮ǰ޼˾һƷʯ
ҶĲһ޴Ŀ顣
ж֧ţ޼˾һܹеȥ
ԣҶ֪µѲ֮ȱѲ񽫷İĿԶһĸ֡
Ĵ֮УҲȱоĴ󽫡
ĿǰĿа֮أΪߵĿξƜW
ľӣгϵĽǿĴĸ̫ˡ
Ҷһֱıȴڲޡ
죬ԭͺԭϹŲ룬ȴҶļƻʵʩһ֡
¹شԱѡȴǳ鷳


1803 ΪС
Ѳս֮ǿҶѾʶˡ
ѲΪﵽ۷ͻƵһأͻѲ񽫡
ѲͬѹԵƣΪԼǿߣвԴȫˡ
ԣһͷпɣҶʹһѲԡ
ҶֵµѲ񽫳ʮˣκ˶ԣһε塣
£Ѳǳѡ
һѲ֮УֻһܹΪѲ񽫡
ҶһδѲһˣ£һ˵УܳһѲ񽫾Ͳˡ
ǣʱ֮Ҷ棬Լ½ȱԱȡƷ֮Ҷ棬ȴָʳʮɰٱ
ҪЩԴͶţζҶĿǰܣЩѲ֪һ
һѡѡ⣬Ҷ鷳
ԣƻѡ⣬ҶǰѾȥ
ѲԷİ̽ţΪɸѡһסҳϡûκѲѲԡ
Ѳ˾ڣΪͻƵͨռ书ͨСɣܱ֮ΪѲԡ
ЩʺռͨδɹֻΪûдﵽͨ񾳵ģͳͳ֮ΪѲ
Ҷĵڶ·Ѳʹŷչ࣬ѲĿʼʮڣҲһʮ˶ѡ
ҾӢġҲѲԣֻǴ֮ǰʮʮһ
ǵڶ·ѲʹѵѲȴߴǧˡ
ǧѵеѲףҶ滹źܴѡصġ
Щˣסûκ覴֮⣬ĸԸûжǣҵġ
£İţѡѡٶѡҶûվ£ٶˣһֱĹ۲ɸѡȻų
İţּ޳֮һ
Ȼ˵Ǳ޳֮һһ⡣
ҶҪޱȵĿ̣֮ͥиĸʧٹûоٵģֻ벻ԱйؽӴģһų
˵ˣֱǼͷ
ѡʣ˲һʮˡ
һʮУָ츳ԼƷԣɸѡһˡ
ʵҶ뷨±ҳϣܼ򵥡
η££ܹջҳϡ
һˣҶ治ôҪȫʩչǣ
ҪȻ浽ͻƿ֮ʱҶɲҽ½½ȱͻơ
ˣһִѡѾȫһ֮УоʮѲֻѲԡĵع֮ڣѲ񽫷İر
˰ɣ
شˣˡһԵİҷѶѾǰţÿ궼˷һҷá
Ǻðɣһ
ǣ
ҶڵԪ֮ЩΪѲʩչǣٶȷǳĿ졣
ϰϢһ
ÿһλѲ˾ʩչǣҶһֱͽڣȴǵģĿޡ
ҪڳΪҲҪͻƵΪӢѲԲпܡ
һѲԴϣѲֽӸӪѡһʿ½˹
һʿѲҪסҳϵҪ֮⣬Ҫ
һǱǸӪĵιְҲǵι鳤ĵͼ١Ҷ澫һʿɲǴɱͽ
ҶĴ㣬һʿԺ󽫻ֵ¾ӵĹǸɡ߼ͳ󽫡
ԣҶĵڶҪһʿһĻˮƽ
Ҷӵع̤һ
ĳɳѾˣ͵ʱĴ߻ջˡ
ŵȺķİţһ
˵ȫ٣ǵϣֻܳǵԺУҾԲκεй¶𣿡
סţİͬʱͷ
Ҷ滺ĵ˵ͷ׳öָúøɣϣһʱΪܹٴͻơ
㣬ţһʱϣһţ۷ţ
ǣ
ţĵͷɫͻƵô׵ġ
ǵţ봢ָʱȴÿϲ

ָʮö
ͻƿĺöһһۣҾʯҲ򲻵
δʦΪҲҶǰĸԸĵͷ
Ҷ棬ȴһʮš
ͻȻ֮䣬ţ;ĵ걻ɵҶߣù͸ĳƣڿȥǻ£Ļᡣ
һ£ĸѲʹʹ£
ǸѲҲûֱʰɣ
Ѳ񽫷İһۣţİͬʱԶȥҶ湪

֮ڽ½֮ҶϢ뿪Ͷ˱ϵһڲϢĴ󽭡
ûãڿ޵ľʥͱҶһҶ˸ڣˮ׻һļ·ˮһ˲ϢԶȥ
ԴһǰɳӳǷ±ϸҶҶλתְʼ
һʱڣҶͱûͣ
ϴǧŵķѺҶ֮Ҷı͵ڶ·Ѳʹӭһƽȵķչ
Ҷ棬ҲʱǰɵȥǸſԲ䱾Դ˻档
СܲѣͿһˣ


1804 
ʱ䣬ʥʹҶִʥˮ
ʥ˽ҶռѾһʱ䣬һλɴҶռڿޡ
Ҫˮ֮ͣڣҶҲҪ
ˮûʲô仯ĸĹ滮£ˮˮžת䡣
ȻʵȲ󣬵ȴӵѵء
ˮ֮⣬ҶעģǱ鱨
ԴϴɵҶɽնɱԪ֮󣬳ʼͳȨ֮󣬱һֱûʲô
鱨ʾʱ䣬˶¶֮⣬һֱڿޡ
ȻҶ⵱еԵɡ
ϴνԪ֮ѣΣһߺʵᡣ
µҪԪ鳹ںϣָ֮ǰսѪ֮⣬Ҫʱ򰾡
űʱ޵ԭ
Ҷ棬Ҳֵñ޵ʱһ㡣
ʥĿǰҶһ꣬ѿʮ꣬޵ʱԽ֮࣬ʵԽС
Ҷһ֮ƹȴޱȵϡ
кǺͶմ峤ʥͥЩ򣬶еĽ׶һֱڸš
һЩѹĸǾ޷Ҷ¶¶棬һָոմ½ҩ֮Ҷٴαʥһ£ɵ
žʥΪķˮһߵͨں׵Ķٶȸ죬Ҳ־á
ԭʮ·̣ʥֻ˿һͷ͸ϵɵ⣬ûжüٶȡ
ɲɵǣִɵ֮ɽȴ뵺ˡ
ҶҲͶ֮󣬾͵ڵţȺɽ䭵Ļع顣
ʮ֮󣬰ɽ䭻תɵϢ֮󣬾Ҷһ
ҶϷû´ĻһΣһΪǸϢɡɽһͿżɽʵ
Ҷͷɽ䭾ҶЦϷϵҶΪ¶ոջת˹
ⲻϷѾĿҪеӰˣһص鱨
ˣҶлˡҶЩϲ
ˣ˲ǣô£лʲôлɽһĻ
ЩʱҶģɽ䭶ƺĹˡ
һ£ݵ鶼⣬Ҷɽ䭽Ӵôãȴɽ䭶Ŀĺܴ⡣
Ҷ治֮࣬Ҳֻ̹Ȼܡ
ооĿϵӰ˵䣬һĻϵš
Ŀģһ˾ǽ̼š
һҽĵصͨӵرĳɫҽԿ¶ȺܸߣҽĽ
Ӱе龰ڷٵı仯ţԼڵصҽͨд˰ӵĹͨÿźʰ쵵ڣ߱úܲ
֮Уž綾ҪȥժһҪСġɽѵ
ʰ쵵У¼Ӱ˵ĴٶȣԵıˣƺǳСġ
ϣ֮УпܴſֲĶ
֮ȻʧӰɢȥɽóһöӰ
֣¼Ӱڴ˰ʱ֮ڵִһðڵ̶
̶Уһһ׸ߣ֦īɫƳָͬһſҶУһ̹ӨӨĹ˸⡣
ȷʵǿԲ䱾Դϣûо̶Щš
ҶĻû˵꣬ǰľȻ飬ҶĿ⿴ɽ䭣ϣû
ɽҡҡͷӰ򣬵ϷõĵҩʦоʮΣȷǹȷʵҿȥѾˡ
ˣ
ϣˣôλ̶ĿΪʲôժޱȵأǸֵǮҶʵ
ԣ̶ܾ֮ܿУ̶֮УǸĿɵޱȵĴڡɽ˵
һ£ҶٴʵϿ֪ĿΪ
Ϊ֪ƾӰչֳʵϿȷĿΪͱ㲻ǵҲ޽ӽڵ
ң˺пܾͨͨطСӡ
ͨطҶǿ߶ժȡεѰ֮УѲС
ԣɽ䭵Ҷ棬ҲϷҪġ
Ϸջת֮󣬾ȥһʦ֪ģʦͨĪ⣬ָܲ⼪ס
ʦԣСף
ף
֣Ҷͫ׶һʾǴǿ֮
ɽ䭻ҡҡͷϷʹʦԣ䣬Ծ⡣
ǣһʦ˴ݻҶʱͻûɬݻѶƾʮ
ͨʦҲֻܵóס֡
£ʵһҶѰҵĲ¹ķλʱҲΪֻһϡ֡
ôҶһȻ
ݻҵʱɬ֪ԭ򣿡Ҷʵ
ԭҲʲôܣһЩӵдˡֻ챦ֻдͨڱֻ¹ش˻йصûɬѲ⡣
Ҷһ֣Ͳ˵ˡɽ˵
Ҷȴһ
Ҷ治УдͨڸҶҲĲܣûǸֵ
Ψһпܵģ챦ˣйء
ʦó֮׵㣬ǾһԣǴϷ򣬶Ҷʱȡƻѡ˵
ȡ
ҶᶨҡͷôãʮҪĸ߶ͣСѵĻᡣ
˵СΪҶԴĹ˯ģҶԣСҶľСҶĺһ
ܹ䱾ԴѰʱ䣬Ϣ
ϣ֪ǶΪҺãλᣬҶŹΣգǾһҲǰϰϵһĿҶ˵
ɽһ˿Ȼ˵飬ڵϷҲ㣬ǸĿϷϵˣҲյ˻š
˵һҪ£ҪתҲҪһʱ䡣
һʱ䣬ҵȣǸĿת鷳ϵһʱ֪ͨҡҶ˵
֮ɽ䭿Ҷ뿪ıӰȴǸһ˿ЦĿֻܵһ꣬Ϸֻ߶Ūһꡣ
ϣһʱ䣬ܹ˷仯Իǰҡ
˵ţɽ䭳֮̾װʦһʮ֮ףʮ֮׵ˣһܹɹѡ
Ҷ棬ǵʮĸ


1805 ҵ
ҶʱҶǿŶ飬гɽһաǧ˵
ʱҶǲŵģ֮Աǡ
ʱգҶѾŵòˡ
䷽һ꣬ҶѾпʮʱ䡣
ȻɽһաǧĴ˵໹ܴ󣬵ҶģȻʮʱ֮Ǿͻаٱǧ򱶵ʱ֮
ȴǽ͵Ŀһʱ䣬ҶͰпʮʱ䣬ɹȻ
ΪͻͽҲҶԼʵһۺϵ
ʱҶСèһɫһ㣬Ʋдš
ǰҲһڸû죬ɽ֪ͨҶ棬ĿѾͬʱͷص㷢˹
Ҷͼ
ʮĿޣСè䣬ʵ쭲˵ٶȸǱ֮ǰ֮һ
ĿԼҶĵص㣬ҵǺĴ½ľ֮һ
Ĵ½ޱߣܺħռݵ򣬶ɽˮƽȿˮ
߻İ廹ĺ㶼ˡ
ǣЩܹˮֻռĴ½֮һ¾̽뿪󲿷ĺġ
ĵ֮ޱȵȣǱڲϢĺˮһ㣬ޱȵľҡ
ǰһ̷ʣɲǾͻţֻߺˮ졢ײ
ں飬ޱȵĿֲ
һֻϣܶӵ̫Ѫʵֲ
ں֮ߣǵǿߣҲСġ
Ǻģ֮У
ЩͻɵģĻܻģЩ컯ˣһ춯ءճ־õĴս֮󣬾ܹγһƬ
ĿԼľҵγɵģҶ治ö֪
ǣҵĿֲԿںĴ½ŵǰС
ҲΪԭҵ˼
ҵһƬ򣬵شܵı
ҶͨϹŲִߵɳݣȻСèҹ֮󣬴˴ߵı߾ߡ
̤˴ɳء
ɳأһ޼ʵɳĮм׺һޣɳ˵ľۼء
һ޼ʵɳĮɳء
ƬΪɳĴСǧ﷽Բ
ɳʵ̫ƶˣƶ񤵽ɳ֮⣬ǰ̽ɳɳϲ֪ꡣ
һֱڲ˵Ϊ˴ܵ۹ı߻
¾Ѳ˾ڲҲֻɳļͼûʵͼ
ɳܹ֮Ϊܵı߻Ϊɳ
ɳޱߣˣɳɳһɳӿҲ޲ߡ
ɳû
ڼΧ޹֮󣬴ܵ۹ɳֶΣʹ˱˷һתΪɳ弸Դɲ˶в
Ǳ߾ɳĮȴÿٶɳϮҪϮȥǧ󣬴ܵıɳǾͲˡ
ȴҶĵˡ
ҶĿ꣬ҵҵɳľͷ
ΪƶԭɳʮֵǿҶɳĸ߿ռɣɳЩܹӦҶϢǿɳߣһŵ˸Ϣͺһ㣬ӿ׷
ʱҶʮϢٵϢ׷
Ҷһͷ亹ҿٶ죬Щɳѹ׷ϣҪȻҶԻս֮С
СèԶʮٶȷ֮ͻȻСèëٵľҶıǼ䴫һͣζ
Ҷ֪ҵˡ
ĿģĿɫرһɫޱȻ֮ضȼһ㡣
ݣ
һ֧ĿµŷҵԵϿըһɫıĿ
ҶţӦܱߵ
ҵһ޼ʣҶ֪Ŀ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷ֮е¾պ΢΢һһӰƾճʮ￪⡣
پһռͨҶóжϡ

Ŀ
˵䣬ҶĿͬʱһ֣ԷɳһӦ˵ǰ
·ħһ㣬ɲǣ͵غ϶ΪһȻըһʹѤõ̻
֣֡
ø˫ȷʵݵ
ôڲѾһ꣬ٲ֣Ҿʹʹ뿪ĿһĲˬ
Ҷһͣȴִסˡ
ƺɽ˵ĲһҶͻȻʶʲô
ѵǸ֮˼ɵ
һˣҶͰĸԼһΣһҪССģ﷭˴
ȥצĳֵص㣬ɽװɡҶտȻŬ뿴ĿòĿòϣȴ·һˮһôҲ
ԣĿҶ棬üͷȴһˣ
ô𣿡
СӣޱȣǵǴҲޱȵĳĿܣûˣ
㣬ûǲҪȥˡĿ̶ȴһֲĸо
ȻĿǾҶΪҶֻһǰ䣬ˡ
Ҷ˵ߣȴסˡ
ˣ˸óֵʱȻֵġҶǹһ˿ĪЦ⡣
ĿĿҶ漸ϢʹûУ
˵أҶ治ʡ
Լ䣬ҶĿ˫Ŀ׹ⷺ𣬵ȴϵһ裬С
òҪˣʲôУһߣĿҶ˼ۣûʲô֮źȵҵޱȣɸˣҪߴ·ˣɱң
˵꣬ĿתߣٶȲ죬ƺΪչҶ档
࣬СèǰҵȻڿ־壬Բϲ
һСèԴСèһѸٱСҶĻ
صĿҶĿЩ⡣
ҵķ·ߣҪߴˡĿٴζ
СĵԭҶ滹ǸĿУ֮ҶͺȻɫĿԭ
Ҷеʱ·һɽڣ׵ģҽȪһ
߶ǧףֱ䵽Ʋ֮УձóһƬ
¸ǧԶҶҲԸܵҽЮĿֲ¡
ҶĿĻΪǸµĳҵĲҶĻһ£
˴ƬĳɫӳµһСһҶһͷĿѣĸоҡҡ׹
תĴ̵֮ʱڽ붾ɾҶȶ
ºȻ֮ʣǰԴ·ĿͷҶ棬һļ֮⣬Ƿ·ܹ͸յĿ⣬ȴͣҶĿռѲѰʲô


1806 α
ĿҶҵ֮д˽ʱ䣬Ѿ뵽ҵĵش
Ѿųɫĸɫ̳⣬е¶Ѿﵽٶϡ
ˮһ˲䱻Ȼʧ
ĿѾܺǰҶѾתΪں֧֡
ңΪʱ̶лɽڽ緢ͿֲйΪ˲ΪҽɻҽĵùҶ治òʱ̽鹬Ľ֮Уʱ̱Žͨ״̬
ֻʱ̱ڽͨ״̬£ҶܸӦ·صľҲӶܿǻɽ緢
ǽͨ״̬־죬Ǿ첻߲ݵķУҶ棬ҲЩŲסˡ
ʱ䣬εĻᣬҶѾĿΪߵ͡
۷壬벽ָ֡
ңɽԣĿͨǲ٣Զǿһİ벽
ʱڣҶ濴ĿչֳͨѾߴ֡
Ҷ涯ݵģĿʩչһֱͨ
ҲǾȫעĿĸƣѣôΣĿ֮£ֱӱҽ˸š
ǰ벽ĸ֣ҽУҲҪˡ
Ŀȴڱеһ˲һź
ҽµʱɢĺһۣĿٴγֻ֣ĿĺЩ٣ھҵš
ȻǷŶͨСġ
˺ֳֹͨһΣҶɵѡ
ΪϸµĹ۲УҶ淢֣Ŀɢɺͨǳ
ɱй֮£Իɺɢͷ·ɱĹһ
нھ죬ĿٶԱˡ
ڵھʱ֣Ŀ͵һ壬·ǳ̳ȥ
Ҷֻܸϡ
Ǻ׵ĳ̳ʱҶɵĻҵĲĿʼɱ
ҶϢ鼫Ʒʯĵ
¶ԽԽߣ¸ɵĻҶЩܲסˡ
ѣҶзһ·һĵͺһ·ĺɫۿʼٵĸҶȫͷһǵ·
˲Ϣ䣬Ǻɫ۾͸ǿֲĸ£һɵĺϢҶɢ
¸Ŀ͵ػͷҶһۣǾ֮ɫ
Ҷû˵ֻǼٸȥ
˺еαҶҽеѹ
αҶ֮ǰʮ޵ĳɹ֮һ
֮ǰʮޣҶΪ֮⣬ÿ춼תط֮ǰյצѪѪ
ռ䣬Ҷֻʱ䣬ͽ֮ǰõצѪѪһա
Ҷĺǿȱ֮ǰ࣬ǲûͻĿǰľ硣
ͻĿǰľ磬ҪѪ߸߼徫ѪҶףȴ̥̥ǵı仯
˵ǾαҶۣӵһֺ۵ԡ
ʩչα֮α۸֮󣬿Ҷʱӵǿһԡ
ǿķˮԡ
Ҷĺ壬̫źޱȵǿ
ڴ֮ǰҶֻ֪αķǿ󣬵֪ˮֵ˳ɫ
ˮֻ֣һ˵ϣûˮֻ֣Եġ
ǰˮֵıҲסҶ
ǣҶʱαˮⷽı֣ȴҶǳĳԾ
Ҷ͵׺סҵĵĸ£ʩչαոֱۣĳȾʹʧһ֮С
Ҷѹ
Ȼ˵е󣬵ҶʮΪȫû⡣
س̳Ŀ·һƬҽϿͣ
ҽէһһ޼ʵģʱ·ҽǺˮһ㷭š
עĿģȴҽĵǸС
·˷ҽһ㣬ԶٻЩҽڽҺ̬
ǵҽ۵֮󣬿ֲĸѸЩҽˮһӯͣĴת˻
ǸˮһҽУһһĹһ㣬һۣĵ׷
ˡĿһͷһѵҩ벽ҲС
㱳ˣɣĿ˵
ҶȴûнĿĻ磬ʵˣôŲӰߣһܳҽͨ
ҽͨأôû
֮ˣó͵ʮȻָνӰеͨ
֮˻֣ĪʲôУĿЦ
ʮ𣿡
һöָҶУ
Ŀһһֱϣ
ô𣿡Ҷ淴ʡ
ǺǣֻЩˡ㱳λɻǷİĿ˵
ĿĻﻰ⣬̽Ҷϸ˼Ҷ汳˵ûУҶӾ衣
ѾˣӦøָҽͨλ˰ɣҶʵ
ֻǴָҲûпĿҡҡͷ
һɲǣҶһһʮҶ£Ҷǰ
һɲǣĿոտʱҶͽ˻ȥ
Ŀϲһָ·ҽеǸҽо͵Ǹģҽ±ߣĪγһҽͨ
ҲӰǴͨ
˵䣬Ŀ·Ϊ֤ʵĻһһޱȵȭӡ·ĺ¡
·˸һ㣬ĵҽʱͱĵĳ𣬽Һ䡣
ҽ˷һɲǣһɫпյĴҽɵͨʱ֡
Ҷһ£Ȼ顣
Ѿָͨ㣬øҰɣĿһɲҶеĴָ
ã
ĿҲˣȻͣҶ浱ָᵯͽеĴָһס˼Ŀ
ĿϲγҶ浯ĴָɲǣЦǵҪѾﵽʣµģǵˡ
ͬʱһɲǣҶ֮е¾պ͵ؾһ£˷ͬʱزһղ
纣ɷħĵϢͬʱղĵطը֡
ϢֵһɲǣϢͬһʱҶ档
Ϣǣ֮£ҶһɲǼǱһ㣬κζ
ǣ֮£ҶǸκ춯λǿ㸲ʽĹ
λǿߵ㸲ʽ£Ҷûκ֮
ôǴģŤŵԴһλǿ߿
ŭӵҶȴǳĿŭģң


1807 Ӧ
Ҷû뵽ȻСģޱȵĽǱĿƭˡ
ԵģĿҶһ֣һõľ֡
Ŀͣͷβһı
ֻҶ滹ûиףʲô£ǰλϢǿĵǿߣѾ˼
ҶʣĿȴһڷϡ
˭˵ˣ
ҽͣΪҵǿԲ䱾Դ䣬ͨҸҵˣٰ
ĿЦָָҽĵҽУʼ磬ָͻأֵλǿߵλҽӵһ׮⡣вû˵Ҳܴ˹ǰɣ
£Ǻܽġ
ĿһɹеԿһ䣬ոֵĴָˬˬĴһλǵҪҲﵽˣ͵ѾǴˡ
ڣӦ֧ʱˡ
ʮл
˵仰ʱĿУѾһ˿ϲΪɵ׮⣬ԣ̫شˡ
һŭҶһʵô㼱Ҫ𣿡
Ȼ˴һڶʱͻĿǰƿ׵ĿĿǰְ벽
˵ĿٺһЦҶ˵ȻҪʲôԻϢҴݵĻֻҪ֧һҵƷ֤ԻҪ󡣡
ƷҶЦ
ĿȴͷĸСһ㣬Ȼ˵Ʒֱû˵ȱһԾŶֻҪӦµ飬һɵġ
ҶУȴһ˿ȱƷԣصظ׼һһϲ
ĻһϲĿ٩
ȷʵйء
ҶĿ϶شĿиһ˿裬ɵҶ涼ˣô׼أ
ĿʶĽ׼Ҷ͵ʮ߬ʱ΢ɲһš
飡
һ𶸵شĿ߬Ĵָϱ߱
ʱĿոյֵĴָͺȻ
ָ֣һǴ⿿ʦڿռϵ裬ֿ֧ſռԵĵرƳĴָ
ִָĿռ඼С
һǲ˿ڤĴִָָĴռͺܴˡ
ͬǣִָһ֣һֱӺƱ壬ôָڵĴռͻһ˲
һռǴָڵĶͻ˲Ϣ仯ΪС
Ŀ飬Ҳһı˲˵£׼ȷ˵ǵ˵
ĿĿŴָʮޱȵĴռ䣬һе÷飬ޡ
㣡
Ŀ۾˲ϢǾͱѪɫɱ⣬Ҷ档
㾹ȻҶԴүģˣСӣΣһˡĿžţҶ
ԣҶȴһĳĿ˹֣Ҳ
öָһ֣ʵʵˣң֣Ȼ
ֻ˵㡪ã
ҶˬЦһҲûбλǿϢס
Ŀķζըˡ
һһۣме֣ͨĳ䶼ں򵽵ġ
еϧۣûеֻҪлᣬ뷨£Աʱ֮衣
⵼ļ۸һѾʮƷʯˣ۸ڳǣǷС
ʮǿǸߴһǧƷʯ£ÿĳ׬ʯһϣпŪһʯ
ҪǣڵѾǮܹõġ
ҪȻһλѽʱ䣬̽⴦Ϊʲô
Ϊľ͵ʮ
ɺ޵ǣѾˣȻˡ
˲Ϣ䣬ĿͽҶ޵˼㣬ҶЦ˵⣬Ŀʱͱŭˡ
Ц㣬ôЦĳˡ
ŭͷĿһξһҶ棬ҪҶˡ
ҲһɲǣһֱϢҶλǿһλͷ͵ſһɫĿ
ɫĿһһͱֱĿıӼ⣬ǰһնΪ
޾˺ֱ֮Ŀɽǿռѷ֮УǾֵļһ˫ȭĻȭľ磬űѷȥٶȡ
ҵǣĴ½Ŀռޱȵǿ󣬱ǽնĿռѷ죬ٵĺ£ָĿܹһ١
ͣں£ĿռѷǰʱĿͷѾ亹
ͬһɲǣĿŭ˳ֵǿߺȵôǺ⣿
ǰˣǵĿ꣬Ǿ޹ء
ǡ
ĿŭλǿϢһĿˡ
ðɣˣȷʵǾôҴӦǵѾǿʮңɽסĿߵ
һ⻰λǿĿһһЦҪģǴ֮ˡ
ֻ˴ˣǵĴ£㻹Ҫ
仰ֱĿ±ˡ
ҶǱߵʮһǰһȴҪˣߵʮҲҪˡ
ĿֱѪ
Ȼ֪һǿ߽ûɶõģĿŬһ¡
ϾʱⰡ
εĳ˴ĵҩռҵҶ͡
߶׬׬һʣû뵽ͷȻҪˮһա
ֽĿ޷ܡ
˵λǲܲ
õģֻóʮˣȷʵóʮĿ
óʮָǱ˸أ
ǡ
λǿǰˣʡ
λϢҶҲˡ
ĿǱӺ˰˲ҪĵǿߣҶǵһμ
Ҷ֭Ҳ벻ʲôʱǰλǿߡ
һԣŭĿ侲ɭޱȡ
λˣ̫ѿˣѵ˵ԼʱǷµԣ
ǵǿߣͲӦ𣿡Ŀ߳
Ŀһֱ·ŪƸÿһ⣬ɶһıϻ
ǣλǿĿǡӦĻģһЦ
ЦĿĪҶҲޱȵĹ졣
Ҫ֪ǿߣӦԵġ
һɲǣһλЦĵǿһֿ׳һĿָĿЦ
ʲôʱħ¹Ӧ
ʲôħ壿Ŀɵˡ
ħ壿
ҶĿ˾ɲǣλǿ߶Ի˱Ŀ


1808  ħ
һߴ׵׳дʢëª׶ĳ࣬һһʾǰλǿȫħ塣
ԵģȴҪ˶ԴмǵֻѪĽɫۡ
ħ塣
ǰλǿߣħеĻ塣
ͷһλҶ滹ЩӰ죬ǵҶħؽʱڽħʱԶԶĿһ۵ħĶԽ
֣Ҷһ⣬ʱ֪ôˡ
ҶǰѾȫˣ⼸λǳġ
ħ֮УԽλ峤Լλħľͳ˧
˵ԽħȨƵ֮һ
£λħȨλħĵߣݻǱԶϵҵΪʲô
ֻһԭ
Ǿǰħڵǳ䡪ƾʧİ
ǰħħռмȨȨĻ
ǰħ԰ֱӱ˰֮ħܹóԽԽ١
ħȨ͵λڲͣ½ţħӰ֮޴޷ݵġ
Ϊֹħ߳Ϊ׵ļĳˣħ֮С
ң¼ʼħµ׷飬ʹδûֹͣﵽ˷ĳ̶ȡ
ò˵Ҷ滹ǵ͹ħ峤ǵ;ġ
ҶɵȾĴϽóѾǵȡ԰ʱˡ
ļҵС͡
û뵽Ȼħע⡣
ȻĿ֣˳ϵĽҶ˳
Ҷƶϵħλǿ߳ˡ
Ҷƶϣȷһȴû뵽
óʮħע⣬԰ĶʧѾħ弱ˡ
÷ݶΪ
Ĵ½ĺڣʮϵĽףħ嶼ϧһд۲׷ѰԴ
Դвģħ嶼Ҫ׷ȥ׳졣
ʱڣΪħ׷ɵߣѾ˰ˡ
һģûн
ҶʮͣԼһȾĴϳְͳħҪ׷Ŀꡣ
Ϊ߳ħɷѿġ
һгɹĿܣħɳΪݡ
λǿ߰λڣһλڣңλȱǵڵħͨϣΪͻƵʱ䣬Ҳһϡ
ҵħ屾ʵ̫ңԶħɹһʮϵĺǿţȷжһʧ
Ͼħ忴λ԰ܹС磬ħƤӵµ԰֮
ҲǰһĻ
һɲǣҶԴڸٵתţ˼֮ߡ
λǿϢͬʱˮйһĸһأҶҪսѪѾܡ
Ϣ֮£ҶոռսѪ죬սѪħ֮ĿռͨҶͻᱻħԽ˵á
ĻᣬҲ΢΢λħʸĵǿߣǵУԻ˾ͨյͨ
֮Сè飬Ҳܵơ
ҶĿǰΨһƾģ¾Ƿˡ
ӣȴܳ־ãҲ޷ѵǿ̫Զľ롣
ҶЩΣֻһλǿߣƾڵĵƣܹʰġ
λͲˡ
ҶսսλܹʰҶ档
Ҷת֮࣬ĿͻȻԳԭλħĵʺ⼸λʮ˴
Ϊƾԣħ廹ûʲôá
Ҫǣħûκ˵ҲޱȵպͶ
°ʮżֵɣĿʹֱѪԼСȣĿģСҪ˲˾
ͬһɲǣħĶԽÿ׳һɨһĿͽĿͶҶϡ
СӣʵӺζԿǷһ·
һ·
Ҷװ˼ǣħǣҸոտһԶŵĺϷ
ҶղſǵĽ֮һֻҪҶ޵ıˣôǰλħĵߣֻҶ棬ڵһʱʩ֡
⣬ҶĻᡣ
ǣ
ħԽЦ޴׹⣬ĸҶ棬Сӣеѡ𣿡
ûѡֻѡǣſܻһ·Աֻ֤ҪĴϷ⣬𲻽һ·
˵ɣ˭ģж٣㽻ԽϸԽĻԽ󣡡
˵ԽЦԽУΪ㲻ڣǾû취ˡ
ħ壬еѻɻħūһƵǶֶΣʱ˵·ܡ
ʱãܣɱֱûѹ㣡
Ҷ沢ûϻش֣һµģ
һԵĿһĻȴǼˡ
ôĽĿ֪Խ࣬Խ졣
ħôҪ֪飬ȥģ
ĿԿ϶һҶش⣬ĿˣĿҲԶˡ
ɲ
أĿʱ˾
λ⣬ϵùɽˮԶٻᣬĳʹ˸ǣ
˵꣬ĿתԶ롣
վסڻߣħԽһȣһת뿪Ŀ
Ӧǿǰ纣ԼĿɫͱˡ
Ĳ²Ȼû˵ֻ·һµ޳ܵħ壬ƺҲŹ
ɲִеˣ벽ʵڵǿǰһƴ֮ġ
ȻŬܲӳ졣
Ŀڵʯ֮ģԽ֮߳ʣĿβͣ˲Ϣ仯˻Ӱ·𼲵һʡ
ӣΣ
һЦħĶԽͷĽѪһͬһʣĿǰ
һλ׷Ŀ
ħĶԽ׼նɱĿʰҶ档
Ͼħĵǿҵ£ϵ̫󣬾ԲܴȥһܺжǿܻḶ޴Ĵۡ
ҶߣԽܵΪһλħĵ߶ž㹻ˡ
һĻҶоһҶףĻᡭˣ
ͬһɲǣҶҲˡ


1809 һɫ
ǿߵϢ£ҶδжһϢһϢҶĵͨо͸һ˿Ц
ǲ֪
һڵͨϲôͳҶǰʮ׷Χڣ˶ӰչӥץСһ㣬Ҷ档
ǰҶ棬ħ岼ôʱ䣬òײץһ
ԣŭͨҲֻ֣Ҷ档
ݣ
̶Ǹƶ֮ƿյͨ£߸ƶʱ̶ᷢ
ǵߵƶٶȳٶ֮ʱԶˣŻ̶ֳȵ֮ͨΪ
һͨϵɫޱȵѿ
ľ飬ǰ̶ֳȵƿϡ
ͨϳֵٶҲǿޱȣʱ򣬾ѾҶ棬еģȴֻҶʩչ֮Ӱ
ҵǣͨ϶ҶϢһֱӦ´ʱҶѾԶȥܸӦҶķ
תͷɲǣͨϵɫͱˡ
ΪҶѾʮ￪⡣
ٶȣǿﲻ
һ
һͨϵƾʧֱͨӶĿռͨ
Ψһܹ׷Ҷķʽ
ͬһɲǣһǷӶݳʮ￪Ҷ棬ͷһɣֻҪӳλǿߵİΧȦҶͰȫһ롣
ֻҪʩչ΢Զһ㣬Ҷı£ݻڵ̫ҶǰλǿߵƤӵʧ
ò˵Ҷ̫޴羫ӣǿĲһ㡣
ҶһɲǼͷĿ߸ҶȡᣬʱޱȵıҶɲ˷ڸ̾ϡ
ʩչһηӵɲǣҶٴοߣʩչԶ
Ҳһɲǣһһĺɱ⣬شҶϮҶȫĺëը
һɲǣɫĹ⻪ٴη·һʣֱӽҶǰҶǰΪһռո
ֵħĶԽԽϼ޻ޱȣղȻƿȥԸߵĿ
ȴʼһҶĶҶûӶݣչ˾˵ٶȣһٰͨϵء
ԣԽԥתԸҶ棬ϾԽĸУҶĿҪҪĶࡣ
ǰĿռݣɿռɵոոմ߶˷ӵҶ棬ͷ亹˲Ϣˡ
ڵɫԪһɲǼ⻪䣬Ҷ߶˼£ǧһ֮һת䡣
һ㣬ҶԸһͷǲ֪δΪյĿռ֮С
ܹռ֮Ҷԥٴηӣһȥ
ԶħԽиһ˿ڽ֮⣬ӣ
ͷĵֻĽѪ֮УٴһΣҶǰĿռٴ飬һɿռɵոҶǰ
һɲǵĹħĶԽʩչͨҶնձݣɵո
ɵոΣֻҶûɵո
Ҷ󣬾ħĶԽ£Ǿҽ
һ˲䣬ԽͽҶ·߸ģ˲ϢҶ·ľ
Ȼ˵ԺĴ½ļ̣ƿĿռݣ̵ʱں£̵ʱ䣬ͨҲһϢϡ
һϢʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ǿնɱҶüˡ
Ŷ׷ҶħĵѾжݳЦűûκ·Ҷ档
֣һΣҿ㻹
ϵ˵ĳϷԡ
Ŀǿ뿪ԽһλӵȫԽýѪƿձݣĿĹ·
Ŀ˲Ϣͳ˹ȵס
ʵȷʵףȴֻǰ벽
һ벽źüͨؼһλڵǿֵЩǿλǿħߵ
ħ£ĿǾûκġ
һ˲䣬Ŀҡ
ҲĿ£ĿϵɱһᣬȴԽֹͣ˶ĿĹתȥҶˡ
ǿԽһ뿪ĿͻȻֿ
ǣһλ׷ĵȴеĿķ
һĿɢһźܿ˵ӵһ
Ŀϣһ˿졣
ͨȷʵڵǿߵͨطǰҲ
ÿ߶һΣĶǳľ޴ѹ޷־á
һ֮ڣ߶ĴξǼˡ
쵽ΪֹѾ߶ˡ
ԿֲħߵĲ׷ɱ벽ûʲôأֻͨط
֮ٲߣԶҲˡ
ĿĿҵܱѲţѰſܵͻΧķ
ʱħѾλϿգٶֱ죬һбһʩչռͨߵĻᶼûС
ͻȻ䣬ĿĿⶨ·ҵм֮С
˲Ϣͱüᶨ
Ϊ˵õǷݿԻ͵Ӱֹһǰ֮̽˵Ǵ·ΣޱȵϤ
ǵطһС֮£ǵǿҲҪԴ
һɲǣĿӰ׷ħӶƴһǡ
һֱĿӴϲϵؼӾ硣
ȭӰӰԺһɲǣĿӰƮƮ鲻˲Ϣ顣
ɫһ䣬Ծ
һɲǣĿпѪȴͬһ㣬׹ҵеǸС
ϹѪĿһ˿ɣӳɡ
ţֻҪͨͨϤԿӳ졣
ҲͬһɲǣħԽƿռÿռոҶ棬ͻȻͿ׹еĿ
ĿǹŵһɣҶͷ˲ת
˵ʵҶʵΪǸͨĿԲ䱾Դ
֮ǰĿΪȴҶ滳ͨʵԡ
ڣҶȴĿΪĳͨ
֮ͨģһĿܡ
ңҶӰϿͨޱȵΣգǵǿߣ޷Ϊʵᱻơ
һҶĻͻܴ
ǿĿһɲǣҶ˾ϡ
һӡ
ͬһʱ䣬ɱϮҶ׷ò׷ħͨϣѾɱҶ汳󣬺ŭ֣Ҷ档
쵰ӹǵصӰҶ浱ͷ¡
ҲǸøһɫҪȻ浱Һ۸
Ҷɲǣһ˸ŰɫĹţ˲ϢʹҶԺ

һͷɰɫɵӰûͨϡ
ⰵɫӰֵɲǣԽӶû⡣
ǵͨϵĲҽʱԽӵɫͱˣ


1810 Ƕ

ħͨϵĲҽ˲Ϣͽ׷ĿҶԽŵˡ
һǿߣȱܵˣҲĲҽ
ʱ˵ĿͿ˱Ǹīɫͨϡ
ֹȥɲǣ˾ͱͨϵģһ
˲ϢĹͨϾѾһˡ
ǲɫĻ棬֬ʱ˴̱ͨϵɿš
ͨΪǿߣĻͷǳǿܵɫյĵһ˲䣬Ͷط
ҪǣͨϵĻףɫĻǰȻûжٷ׶ʼ
ħ峤Խ𾪵ǣɫĻ£ͨϵϢȻڷɿš
ԽͨΪλᷢǰ㾪춯صҽˡ
κһ˵գҽ˵Ĳҡ
ǡ
ħĳԽ۾ص˸Բ棿
صͬʱԽæȵԶǶ𡭡
Խ˵䣬յĲҽвѵͨһͰǲɫӰİΧ
ҪǣӲɫгͨϣĻƲûмСȼҡ
˫ͬ糵һԼϿţͼ𣬵ǻȴԽԽ
ǲɫĶһմϣǸ֮һ㣬ôҲ𲻵˫Ļʽ˲ϢͽԼȼһɫĻˡ
Ծꡢ塢飬Խߴ߶ʱ׷ա
ʱͨϻ棬÷Խ࣬Խ࣬յҲԽࡣ
⸽֮޷ȥԣͨ׹һ㡣
ӳǲɫӰİΧҽȴ֮ǰӵˡ
ԭ׼ȥ׷ҶĿԽٴһ١
źȻ֣Ϊߵͨϣʱ˫ֵѪѾյ¶˰׹ǣ渽ŵĵطѪҲڱƬƬķա
Խޱȵķ֣ͨĿǰ״ǲԮ֣ͨλߣ˵ᱻ
ңյĻɢ֡
Ҫǰ̫ˡ
ħĶԽʶ棬ʶԵԵȴ
ǰһ㣬֮ͬһ㣬ô˲
ԽԽ
Ҫܣͨϻпܳ䡣
Ŀһλĵ䣬Խ˵ͨľʹˡ
Ƕħԣһ޴ʧ
κһȺԣÿһλǿ߶ޱȵġ
ԣԥģԽӾͨϣͼ
һɲǣٴδסˣƷ޷ͨϵ棬Ƹӵʢ
ԽڵĽСŲƳ˴ͻͼͨ
ȴûκô
ˮ֮ͨǰˮҲ޷档
Խɵˡ
ѲĻ档
طȥȻ𲻵ǰ档
ȻҲ˵Ƕ޿κΡ
ҪͶһЩǿͨطܹ档
ͬʱ˵ҲὫͨϸɱ
ѵľء
ҶѵõĻᣬĸĿ󣬶ҵеС
ڶеһɲǣҶҲԽ˺Ҳ𲻵ͨյ档
ͨϣѪϡĵطѾ¶˰׹ǡ
һĻ¶Ⱦ˵еҶ棬һ
һηûõĺ鱦Ƕ飬ȻеĻҪֲĶࡣ
⸽Ƕ飬ʵ֮ǰ͸ҶǼзϵĺ鱦飬Ҳ顣
Ϊȱ飬ǶȻź鱦Ʒʣȴûк鱦һ
ҶȴŻԵɺϵ츽׻顣
ǡڵԪ鰢֮һ֪ʹ֮
츽׻ѧϰ档
ѧϰޣҪʮʱ䡣
ֻҪһ꣬ʮЧ
ԴҶõ֮Ѿнһʱ䣬ڣǾʮʱ䡣
ʮʱ䣬Ѿ㹻Ԫ鰢츽׻̵ࡣ
֮Ҷп޵ʱ߽ںϡ
һȫµĺ鱦Ƕʹ˲
һ츽׻ĺ鱦
⸽Ƕ̫ԵҶҲһֱûԹ˵ǾԿв˺ǿߵġ
Ҷ˳˳ͣ׷ԼĵͨһɫøԼȡеʱ䡣
ҶҲû뵽⸽Ƕ飬һ֣˾춯ء
УԽôһɲǣһƥһĵʹն˲ϢŻҴܵԽն˳ɰǧ⡣
ÿһ⣬ۡ
ÿһ⣬ǳĽͨȼյĲɫ渽ŵƤѪɡ
һ˲䣬Ѫɣͨܲ棬ȴɿļš
һֻʣڹͷϷոŵˡ
Խɫһһֱӽͨϸڹͷϵ͹ͷһնȥ
ͨ桢׼ȷ˵Ǹǵȥ
ʱͨѾһѪ«Ѫ·ˮһ¡
ǿǿʵͨܲȫڶ̶̼֮ھֹѪ
ǣֹѪ֮ͨϣӵĲң
ڱԽ⡢֮õͨϴʱѾˡ
ֻ䡢ӡֺֻһֻŶѾʧˣ£ûһƤ
ƣͨϵϢҲ֮ǰ˲٣Ҫ׻ָҪ̵ʱ䡣
ϡ⡭桭̫ˡٺͨϣ˵ˡ
ǿߵ־һӲǷǼľȴǾĵһ㣬ͨһĸо
棬Ǳ֪棬ӵԽͷ
״Ѿʺ׷ˣúõˣͬʱһƬҵû
ȥ׷һԽ
ҶܽǸҽУԽǲżˡ
ҽ֮Уɲκ˶ôƶġ
ͨϻػԽתߡ
ϣСһ㡣ˣ׷ȻֻΪսȴֱƽǿ˵ֶҲޱȡ
ƶٶȣȻȵǿ߻Ҫ졣
һɡ
ոնԽһ٣ʲô
һѹûˣͨ˵
˵ǵǹ԰Ǹ
˵׼Сӵı̫ˡҿԿ϶ǣСӾǸйϵͨ˵


1811 
ȻҶڳҽеʱ˳׼ǵҽеʱĿֲ£Ҷͷһ˿᲻ᱻɻҽɻ
ͷէš
˲Ϣ䣬ҶĻ׾ͱ÷飬ոûõĸǶ˴ƬƬɫ棬Ҷ滤ʵʵģҶ治Щ¶ޱȵҽ˺
ǣϮֱҶ˲Ϣ仯ɻҽ
һܲ»ƵαҲ޷ֲĸ¡
ǶɵĻ滤ҽ֮зɿţͬͬһɲǣҶĺ鱦׹޹⻪һĿ׹Ҷּӳһ׹ݡ
ҶֻЩֶξȡʱ䣬ȡӰ֮Ǹҽ֮ͨУҶѹͻöˡ
ҶţǸĿȻҽҽУǸҽͨ;ԲԶ
ҲڽҽеɲǣҶʱͽ˽ͨ״̬޴ڵĻϣٵԶȥ
ҶԪ߶µٶȼ죬˲Ϣ˳ҽеķȥ˽ʮķΧ
ΣȴҶסˡ
˳ҽȥѹûʲôҽͨ·¶ȸӿֲ˵ĵҽ
Ҷұ֤ҪǸҳԻڵһʱ仯ɻҽ
ң˳ҽȥҶ澹ȻûҵĿӰ
Ŀȥˣ
ҶǾԲĿڳҽ֮ʩչʲôݷˡ
ʩչݷҪһȶĻ
ҽɢſֲµҽͣĲţ˵һĶݷҶݣҲûκ֮ء
£ĿԲݡ
ȥˣ
֮УҶ渽ڻ˷̽ȥƤѾһֱտһľʹ
ҶоʮϢ֮ڣҪҲͨ뿪ĻͳŲȥˡ
һɲǣҶһ
Ҳ࣬ҽебںߣȻһпյҽͨ
ҶѾϾϸҽ֮УôһпյҽͨˣܵģҶһʹźҽУпյҽͨ
ͻҽͨɲǣҶͷһɡ
ҽͨ¶ҲܸߣǱҽȴҪɺܶࡣ
ңĸ¶ԣͨ߾Ȼ˿˿⡣
Ҷ֮̾ͬʱСķͨ
飡
һųҽ͵شҽͨ·ը⧲֮£ֱըҶһ
ɢſֲµĵҽ˲ϢƿҶĻݣҶˮαҲھҵıлƬ
ƬƬļ˲Ϣ䱻һһƤ˽̼
Ҷʹĵ˻ͬʱǰխ֮ͨУ˷ǿޱȵĻҶĽͨҲá
ֻӲ
ҵǣҶ羫֮²ӣٶҲǼ졣
ʮĹ򣬾ҽ֮ͨб˳˽İܵҽըѵ˺֮ҽͨĽÿ
ҶȴκͣʱҽͨѾҶӰеҽͨغˡ
ӰеÿһĻҶ涼˺ܶ顣
һҽͨҶǷǳϤġ
ٶȷɿţʱ֮ҶѾҽ֮ͨб˽ǧ
ʱҽͨѾĿʼ̻¶ȻܸߣȴҶ׳ܵķΧ֮ڡ
ͻأģڷٱеҶ͵һͣ
㣿
ǰӽĿľһɲ𣬡ôҵģ
ͣסεҶЦôҵģӰǸָͨ𣿡
԰ҵӰ֮УûдѰڵķ
˵һ룬ĿͻشסȻĶҶ棬Уȼڵĺ⡣
㣡
㣬Ѫ֮һûеõ
ҶȴЦһ㻹Թң̰Ĵã
ҶһŭĿз׹⣬ߣͷӲ
Ŀ׹֮ʣĿһһΣغɫȭӰһһ㣬Ҷ档
Ҷʱŷ֣Ŀ˫ϣ֪ʱһ˫ɢϢĺɫס
ϮĿҶȴûκζܵ˼еģֻһĳ֮⡣
ΡȻܲҶ棬Ŀɻ
ʱ޽
Ŀ˫һΣڹ󱬣˾ͬһĶһҶ档
ҶûжģҶ
һɫ׹͵شҶͷը֣׼ȷޱȵĺ䵽˸ո˵ǰĿԴϡ
˹սͻᷢǰĿҶһƵġ
ɫ׹ֵɲǣĿ۾͵صɴ󣬻ûо
ɫ׹ͷ·һһ㣬Ŀؿڣ˲ĿĻ׺һոոֵƷס
ɫ׹Ŀ²ܿƵĳ鴤鴤УĿһɫһ㣬ͣҽͨ󷽷š
ϵƣ鴤ֹ
¡¡
ҲֱʱҶոǵɫ׹Ĺ쳹
ʧʱĿֹͣͣ˸ɫ׹ҲԼ
ͬһɲǣĿͰ͵
㡭㡭ôš񡭡֡ط
ĪͰڳ鴤ŵĿҶһѣ¶һںİһͳĿߣĿСһź׽


1812 ׹޵֮
ҲҶڿʮĳɹ
Ҷ֮ǰܶõϵеаףҪǿࡣ
Ҷ֮ǰаףѹ޷вǿߵģףȴԡ
ȻָҶͨ鱦׹ʩչľףܹвǿߡ
ûк鱦׹޵ļӳ֣ҶʵʩչľףͿɴۿˣ˵вǿߣܲܽĿش¡
Ȼ˴ҶΪԭġ
Ҷɵչؿ֮ǰΪǸոմﵽһ۷壬ڿʮꡣ
ҶΪȴһ·쭵سڡ
ƽÿʱͻһС磬ٶȿ漣ˡ
ΪߵΪ֮󣬶ڴ߶ԣʮ֮һС綼ˣ꣬޷
Ҷ͵ǿһǿԪ飬ֻнǿ߲ܳõƷ鵤һλˮlΪҶƵ񵤡
ֲƳɱĵرõҩ񵤡
űǿεѪ
һеۺϣųɾҶÿͻһСľٶȣҶʵɱɱ
֮µߵΪֺȷ϶ϸΪһء
һС֮Уһ΢ַһ㡢˵ǷˮһĻ֡
һСʱΪڣġ塢Сʱ֮ΪڣߡˡС磬Ϊڡ
˵һغͶ֮ʵ࣬Ƿǳԡ
սսս͵Σʱ򶼿ֲмʵ࣬ôں֮ʵ࣬¾ѹԵġ
ڵ߶ڵߣžԵƣܹСƵģֻǿͨԼװϺ͸ֱرˡ
Ҷͨ񾳾ӵ鱦һӵļ鱦ߣ޳˺͵ǿһԪ顣
Ĺ̥ѷꡣ
ԣΪϵĲҶϽͨǷϣȴǷǳ׼ġ
Ҷʵ̶ȣ֪
Ҷʵɱսӵ
ȡں鱦ԡ
Ǳǻֻǵʵǹ̶ģ
˵һףʮڵУӵķǾţߵзӳǷʮ
ôڽڡڡǿеķʮ
ľԡ
һĳڵǿзӳ춯صǵǿ֣߱𳤽Զ̶ġ
Ǻ鱦ͬ
鱦˵û޵ġ
һ鱦ͨУԷӳƷǼƷУԷӳƷ߼Ʒ
ôڽУͿԷӳԶƷ
ڵǿУԷӳص
ߵʵġ
ͬǺ鱦׹ޣͬаףΪһصҶΪصҶʩչҲر
˵ҶΪ֮󣬽鱦׹޲˸һصϵס
˵ͲòһҶ鱦׹޵ˡ
ĺ鱦ֻһܡ
ҶµõĸǶ飬ҪܾˣǸ츽׻顣
֮ǰľľҶ潻ľͨ°벿ľ룬ֻһԺͨ
Ҷոյõ׹飬ǶҶ߶ߺ䡢׹Щ
ǣҶţɽУ׹ֻĽڻ״̬鱦֮ںϣͳĿǰĺ鱦׹ޡ
Ȼ˵ںϵ鱦ֻ֮״̬鱦Ͼ鱦ں֮󣬾Ҷ׹һ˿ԡ
׹޵ĺӵһöϵԴӡǡ
ͨ£ֻ鱦ӵбԴӡǡ
ƷޣҶ鱦׹ޣȴ鱦еıԴӡǣ鱦׹ޣȻҲͲͬһĺ鱦ˡ
ֻҪҶΪﵽܹ׹޵ıԴӡҶͿ½µġǿϵ
ֲõϵҶԼΪû˺鱦׹ޣҶɿԶʩչͨ鱦׹ޣӵĿֲˡ
ңǰľףֻҪҶԺʱ򣬾ܹ⡢˵ϵͨ
£ҶһǾ׽Ŀ䵽ûзͺˡ
Ϊ׹޵ĳɳںϣҶ׹޵ƷףѾ޽ӽƷ鱦ˡ
Ʒ鱦Ʒ鱦ǿǿһء
οҲĿùɵһĳǰҶ浱£Ҳǹߵġ
ĿܵеʱҶڵһʱ䣬ƴָɣĿָӰ
̶̼ĹҶ治ĿĹؽھжĿʩؽơ
ҶԱ֤˿̵Ŀ᲻һ˿һ
ǣҶ滹ǲġ
Ŀɫ⽫֮ʱȡһƷնϵԽעǳֱĴĿùǣùϴһ᲻˵ҶִĿľ׵֮ƴ
ȻԽ߬Ҷŷġ
ʹƺ߹ѪĿҶЦõô
ж˹ؽڷȫΪ˵ﲻ˵ùǣҪҵĴ׵ǣֶΣǵǿҲܲ˰
УҪȵǿ߻ˡҶİһĿ˵
Ŀǻɺ̵ͨҶۼ̵̫ͨǿˣǿ߶޿κΡ
ҶɲոĿˡ
һֶΣǷͨ
Ҷ滹ùϴ˿״Խ֮ĿܴҪԽƾʧɣ
ҪĿҶԣдá
ҪȻĿͼնɱҶʱҶ涯õģͲǾףǸǶϵĸˡ
Ҷţħڸ¶ҪˣĿҪǺѡ
УҾȻʢҡȿȡǣƣĿҵĿ
ˣͷ𣬽ͨڵϸΣصΣգͨȷϸĸңһһ·Ҷ˵
Ҷ治˵仰ãҶһô˵Ŀɴı۾һҲ
϶ҪԣڣȻҶ̸
Ҷɲһˡ
ֶΣв˱ˣвҶ档
һɲǣҶͶˣ


1813 Ŀļֵ
Ҷ˫һþһŻһĿľһĿ˫
һ֣ҶͽĿճһԲյǰ
ȻҶͱƣĿյǰʼصͨ
һʼĿûзҶ⡣
ǵϸСҽͨδȫ̵ķ϶бѿըҶʱҶǻһĿ嵲סըѿҽ
ϸСҽĿ޷ơûκηֶεƤϣƤʼ̵ֱð̣һ֮ƤͿʼ̼ĵʹʱǼط
ǣĿĶͷȴ˲Ϣ䱻亹
ⲻ۳ģǱųġ
Ҷ淽ŵľٶĿһɲǼҶʵͼ
ҶҪ·Ŀư
·κգж⣬ֻҪһΣջ⣬ҶͻὫĿɶչȥ
Ŀǰ״̬˵ͨ֮ǶըҽЩô۵ΣϮĿɥ
֮һ仰
ΣʲôʱĿƣԻҶ
ңĿȥˣҶȴһ
ΪĿڵ״̬һòˣΣķĵطҶſ͸ûʲô
ҶĿڿ
ɲǼ䣬Ŀͱŵˡ

һ㣬ûֵȥ
ͣͣͣĿ
ǣĿĴȴûҶٶҶٶȸӵĿˣ۵糸һ㡣
ͣǰߣǰһĵ͡ҽݵأҪͨٶȹ죬ͻҽ籩ҽ˲䱬ĿЩֱˡ
ҲֱʱҶٶȲżǹһ˿Ц

Ҷеǰ취
˵ôͨҶ֮ܵ
ҶͣѯϸڣĿһ֮࣬뷨ֻ
ҽͨе֮ȫ¼ͨӦ֮ȫ¼㡣
Ȼ⿪ҵĽƷңôұ֤Բ˽ĿȻ
ı֤һţ
һЦҶٴĿƣ
Ҿ군ˣ취б£ͱű˵
һΣҶأĿɱһҽ˵ϣͣ
ǰʮﴦͣ
ҶŲͣµʱ䣬ǰѾ˵ĴźĿѾˮʪ͸
ӣǸӡ
оӹһٵĿҶĿоҪٲҶĻֱӴܹһҽݵء
ûʱķϻôϽ˵סˣУҪǷˣκλУڵһʱԴ
һ˵Ҷһͨһۡ
ͨҶµļӡǻڣû顣
˵ħĶԽ˲û׷
û׷ֻʱġ
ҽͨȻΣڼλǿǰǲز˶õġ
ڣҶֻϣҽͨ㹻ǿܹΪҶȡ㹻ʱ䡣
ˣУҸ𣿡
ĿЦ֮࣬ܲȸһ˵ҩ޷ãʹ˵仰ʱĿͷĴ󺹣¡
ҲǣҶ洩ùǣ˴׵ǣôһ·Ǹо붼ʹ
ֵĿ˼˵ҩҭֱۡ
ҽݵ󷽡֪עһ±ӣĺˮͣĽעҽϱߣҽɿȴԵصҽȴҽɿĻ
ֿγƽ⣬ҪǾʱƽ⣬ͻ˲Ϣͨڲһ硣
УǱӺҽв֪ʲô֮Уо綾
ǿԸʴ׵ľ綾һ籩Ǿ綾ͻǶһ뷢
ԣͨʱһҪĿ˵
ҶĿļֵ
ٶһɲǼȥӦҲ԰ɣҶ˵
ҪǿһɲǼԽ߰ľ룬ԡĿЦ
߰˵һݵ𣿡
Ŀû˵ֻĿҶ档
Ϣ֮ҶĿһƬݵء
ιױҰҪǶ˵ġĿٴν

ҵϿգħĶԽǱޱȵĴһҽҵ֮г
쵰±ߣѹûʲôͨȫҽ¶ȸ߸ֲĵҽҲ֧Ųסǵˣ
Խһŭǽҽ֮Ѱ˽һʱˣҶĿӰӶûз֡
Ѫܷ·ħһ˵ͨϣüͷҲϣǻ᲻ʩչ˿ռͨ
ҽ֮Уѹ޷ʩչռͨ˵ǣңҲ޷ʩչռͨ
ǻ᲻Ѿ
ܣһѰ·ˡ
˵ԽһٴγǸͨҲʹʱִҽ֮г
ֻǣӵǿϲ
ϣҽеҽ֮Уһͨеҽͨ˵
ʲô
ħԽԴϲ죬ͷǰ·Բˡ˵䣬ԽӾһͷҽͨ


1814 
߰ľ룬£ҶٶȣҲϢʱͿӹ
Ƕ÷ӣСèٶȾ͸ˡ
ǽصͨڣ߰ľ룬Ҷһʱ࣬Żͨ
ٶȣн䣬ɻ޴Ŀ
ĿٴθҶһ顣
飬˵Ŀ̽ġ
֮ǰ̽ʱĿһҽ籩Σ̽˺ʵͨ
ҽ籩֮УĿͨǿÿһΣܵزһƣһʱָܻ
˵ͨΪ޴
ͨ˵ܼ򵥣ֻһû˻뵽
ͨҽݵصʱҪӷС
ͬʱƳ뻤֮γһεļͷǰĻһ㣬Ҷеɲǣǵһ
ˮһ㣬ˮˮǷǳСģһľҪƽĵˮ棬Ƕɾʹˡ
ַʽԴĿԷǳС
ڽȽĺĵشҲǱҽĵطĿҶԲеķʽһӵĹ򣬻˺ĵش
Ҷ洩Ƭҽݵ֮Щ
۵ġ
Ϊҽ޴ڵĶҶĻͻ׵ķǳĴҶЩȡ
ǹˣ߰ﳤҽݵ֮Ҷһ
ûǺߵΣգȴһһѡĿ˵
𡭡
û˵꣬Ҷɫһ䣬ҶӦУҽݵһĻӡͻȻ䱻һǿ䱬
Ҷͷһ۸ոմҽݵأͻȻɫһ䡣
һɲǣҶĿͨ񱼹ȥ
ͬʱҽͨ׷ħԽӾͳҽݵصһ档
һټӣһ·Ұһ鶯űӡ
۲Ļͻᷢڳ鶯űӵʱһȦεĹⲨͻɢ˷
ϣǰһֱǰͣţǵϢԽԽǿˡ
ħӾͷ·Թһ㣬һ߿űӣһ߷ɿǰš
ӵĴ£Խû˿ͣ͸ٳҽݵ֮С
ףϣСһ㣬֮жҶԺҡ磡Ӵһ硣
ﾹȻˮζЩŹְСһ㣡Խ˵
ϣҿõǵڵζѾ֮ˣҶ˵ζŨȱ仯ûӵܿ϶
Ǿͺá
ħĶԽӵ츳ͨǺŵġ
λǿȫУٶ̫ˡ
ӹʱǴķ֮ʮ弶һ㡣
˳ҽݵؿʼʹ˺Ĵ磬ҽݵĻ۵ŵȿ˲ϢͿʼˡ
Խҽݵĵʱ򣬿ֲ˲Ϣ䱩
ķԵǿ߲ʲôֲǱϯĲҽݵض
תʱÿһһööתĶԽϡ
˺Ŀһ˲ԽϵĶֱֹǧ֧뷢
ǣǧ֧Եǿ߶ԣҲֻһֲ
Ϊһѹʲô
ǵԽԽ񱩵罫ص׵ĳҽϯʱ˵ɫڱˡ
̵ҽתźϣĻ׵⿪ʼҵĲ
ǵǿߣҲ޷ʱס֮ĺ
Ҫǣ籩ԽԽԽӾֵķ֣ǱΧҽ籩֮ˡ
ЩѾڵһʱ׼Ʒħף˾һɷħһҽ籩ġ
תĳҽʱе췣ζ
ȥ
һŭԽͷĽѪٴһκĽ⣬ǹһ㣬ֱҽ籩γһƬпյͨ
ߣ
һԽ˳ǹͨҽ籩ġ
ŴЩǱյħףžҵš
Сһ㣬һ㣬طܹҽͬʱڣǲ򵥡ԽͨԶͻȻ䱬һƬ⡣
ͬһʱ̵̣ʱڳʮҶ棬Ƭҽҽݵأתߡ
ҪĻͲҪʲô˵ʲôٶǰҶ˵
ҶףҽݵȻգǾסλڵǿߡ
Ŀǿǻ콭˾֪ܲǼλǿѾ׷ˡ
ǱǼλǿ׷ϣһģĿ
£Ŀûκαص֮ͨеյ֮ͨҶ漴ʱһһǰ֪
طȷʵޱȡ
ûĿʾҶó̵ֶξܱ˻߶
Ŀ̽·ߵĵص㣬ļյ֮оյͨ
ص֮ͨмٷ˴Ĺ֮ڿһΪĵصӺʱҶŲ͵һͣ͵ϲ֮ɫ

ҶĿֻҪֱ߾ûϰ£ǰ⣬ҶҲԿĺС
ǰӺ룬Ӱгֵԣ


1815 γ
˵֪
ż֮Уֻһ䡪ʪȽ֮֯أǧһ磬ǧһš
֮һĳɳڣҪǧꡣ
֦ҶҪǧ꣬ĵ죬Ҫǧꡣ
ǰѾˡ
˵ģǸŰ￪⣬̶ĵɢһޱȵϢ
Ϣһĸ׵Ϣִżֿ飬鲻ԽҪȥӵ
ֿԲ䱾ԴͳһҪ
ǰǵǿҲ޷ָо
ĸйأκһ壬ĸ׸ʱһ״̬
״̬һ뿪ĸͻʧ
ֿԲ䱾ԴȴɢĸϢ鲻ԽĿȥ
ҵģָоԴĵסԴһļ䣬Աܵϲ
ԣˣָܹ飬鲻Խ̶߽֮С
Ҷţǰ⿴ȥƽݶûһ̶ԴΣա
ҪȻĿԸ񣬼ȻѾһˣôֶܻأ
ԻԸժȻŪȥһ߼ۡ
ҶţֻҪԿһۣ˵ʮٿǧпܡ
йء
þǲ챾Դ
챾Դʲôأ
Ⱥ֮УһЩǰ;ƿݶ
ߵ;ƿݣʵָľ챾ԴĿݽˡ
ǵǿߣһ챾ԴĸɾˣҲֻ·һ
ȴԲ챾Դ֮ԸЩ;ƿݵĵǿ
ϣֻҪֶֻҪпܣЩǿߣϧҵҲ
ǣ̫ϡˡ
˵мУĺ⾺Ķδֹ
ɼ
ǽ̶ΣԼ˵ǵҽӵ̶ߣԼоҶųϴĿùϵԽʹĿġ
˵˵
ĿûκεԥͽۺһԵĸҶ浹˳
̫޽
ͷڰ벽ǧֻɫ
Ҷüë˲㲻Ұɣ
û⣬Ӽȥˣӽȥ֮ǰԶһ㡣ĿȻ˵
Ҷ潫ŽɵĻ˺˻ʮ￪֮󣬰Ŀ˵ȡʮٽСĴ⣬̶
ɵ̶Ͽյʱ̶ƽûһݣǵһµʱ̶Ƿһ㹰
̶һǧϵľ๰ţȻǸ๰͵һǿٽС⣬ͱһֱŰ״СѪ޿ڸȥ
ǱţͷҪɫӣĶҶ档
ǱĿ⣬Ҷһ·һֻסһ㡣
ͷҶĸоȻǿ߻Ҫֲ
ĿҶ棬ǽͷһ̶ĵֻأŵǸǧ׵๰ʧ
ͬʱ̶ڷͻ޴๰ͬʱʧ̶ַɿĻָƽ
ֻǿԡ
ҶϸѰһйض̫޽ݣ鲻ɵñȻ
̫޽̫Ѫֻȴ̫壬ĳƺš
󲿷ޣӵ̫ѪΪﵽ൱߽۷塢Ҳ벽֮󣬾ͺˡ
ڲǰѹûߵԡ
ǣȴľ粻ͻƣΪȴڳвϵȥ
ʥޱߵ˵ڴˡ
£Ϊﵽ߰벽ĳ̶ȣСԼһǧҡ
ǣҶ淽ſ̵һǧϣǧס
ͱȰ벽Ľ˽һЩһΪۻ뵽ʲô̶ȣ˼䣬Ҷ͵һ
ֽķޱȵǿһƤķ̫ۡ
Ҫɵһѣ˵ˡ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷüͷһ͵ؽеĿٴĿһҽ
ԣ
ȻѾ죬̫޽Ϊʲôժʳã
̫޽ֻΪػҶʵ
ϲ̫࣬ڱϣȴǿߺܶࡣ
ǾܹҵЩɽȻ󾲴֮ʳԼʵ
ԣǰͷ̫޽ġ
ۣ
Ŀһѿޱȵı飬˵ʵһʱһĻҲɻ
ͷ޷ժѾˣԼȴֲԣǳĹŹ֡
ϴ뿪֮һЩŹزػЩ̫ʱﱦ־ȵȲ鿴һ
շ֣̫޽һֱųԣԭ򣬻֮ϡ
ô˵Ҷʵ
˵γ𣿡Ŀʵ
γ죿
ǵģɳɳΪһ;̫һıԡĿͣһ¡
ӣϽ˵
ҶһˬĴߴ£Ŀ˵ľ͸Ͳһ㣬ޱȵʹ졣
ԭǧ֮˲ժͻ
ټǧ꣬͵ļˣῪʼмҲΪɳ¶á
ֳɳ¸õУȴڴʱȫĹˡ
Ҳӡ
£̶ٴѿɳΪ
ӣЩΪڰ벽޷ͻƵ޳ˣȴһޱȵã
Σ
ЩΪڰ벽޷ͻƣҲ޷ε޻Ρ
Ŀƶϣ̶֮е̫޽Ӧþڵγ졣
γ죬ôǾͿ̳ӣ컯ΣɾȻͿٴ̤Ŀׯط
ĿԤ⣬̶֮е̫޽ֻܲʮ
Ϊγֻ֮컯εӣȺڲܷޱѪȵڶɱ
ǿȻһֱػѾȴĶγ졣
ѾԵԭ
ЩҶüͷȴǽʱ䣬ûժķ
룡
ζ룡ԴҲûһеķĿ˵
ǡ
Ҷ˵ʲôʱһǧµһӡˡ
ħĶԽ׷ˣ


1816 ׽
ӦںͨڵĻӡ飬Ҷ˲Ϣͱ
ǧľ룬ڵǿ߶ԣȫٷӣӶòٸʱ䡣
ħĶԽͨڲȫٱУٶôҶʱ䣬Ҳǰӳͷˡ
ħĵ׷ˣûͨҶĿʵ
ħĵǿ׷ˣĿŵһڿˮȻӵҡͷûУûκͨˡ
ûУ
ҶЩţûͨǿҪħĵ߸ˡ
˵䣬ҶƾĿӵǰ̶֮УŵĿ۴
ûУ
ûУҾԲԸСЦ
Žͷҡĸ˹һĿҶüͷһ֡
ҪûʲôİţɾҪħĵҪ׽ˡ
һλڵǿߣҶƾ˵һ£λĻǿɾ鷳ˡ
ҪǣҶɲԸǰѾħĵǿ߸ժˡ
Բ䱾Դޱȵĺ
˽죬Ҷһҵɾ˵ˡ
˼䣬ҶͻȻɽԵôԵĴ֮ס
Ҷ治ף֮ףӦħĵϣӦǰ̫޽ϣ
ʱһһʧţҶԴٵתš
ȻԵģҶ뵽׷ħߵԸֲ̫޽·ϡ
ǿߣɲôõġ
Ĵڣ֮ḻ˼ܣͬѰԲ־ܹõġ
ܿģҶǧǸӡͱͨˡ
Ҷʱ䲻ˡ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷüͷɿˡ
ֻˡҶĿⶸؿĿ
Ŀƺ뵽ʲô˲Ϣͱֻ̿Ҫʲô
ɱңһǺõģ
ſңһƴ֮£δûĻᡣ
ģͺܴ󡣡ĿˣֻҪɱңҪôҶġ
Ҷǳһ˿⣬⻰𣿡
Ŀ⣬ѾסĿҪκηͷΨһĻᡣ
ʵӦҡ
ҶУһֵĿƾʧ
ĿҶӽռ䡣
󣬰ĿռϢҶ֮е¾պһţͨһޱȵĿռ䲨
Ҷ濴һ۵µǵĿѪһƾʧ
Ҷ沢ǻתڡ
ڵĿռ䱣飬򲻵ѣҶǲƴġ
ΪĿǰΪֹҶ滹һû
ҲڣһʲôγɵĴڡ
һ
鱾
ֻһŲαװ㣿
᲻ᱻǿĵǿߵһЩյط֣
ЩҶ涼ȷҵеǿԡ
Ҷ治ȷԪ鰢ԼҲȷ
Ԫ鰢Կ϶ǣûбȫ״̬£ںΧĻ֮У컯ˣûнһɨ֮£ҲǷֲġ
񱻷˴ܵ飬Ͳ˵ˡ
ԣҶԽκӽڱգΨԼܽڱա
ʱҶԼȴʩչݶǰ֮ⷽС
֮ǰҵ֮ڣҽ̫ˣֻлеĻڲͣըţҶѹ޷롣
ȴȶ
ҶޱȵĸҶҲ˿Ĵ⡣
ȷʵ棬ȱǵǿ߽ǰҲ޷
ǣһЩطգͻὫҶӶԪ֮иż
ҶѾйˡ
ԣʩչݵĵһ˲䣬ҶŶˮ֮У̶λöȥ
ħĵֶΣҲԻ᲻꼰
ԣӦȫġ
ңҶ˾٣һá
һЩħĵƴܾˣҶԵһʱժ
ϧǣҶ뷨õģʵȴǲпġ
Щ̫޽ҪҪСġ
ʮԶʱһεϾ͵Ҷǰ
ϲǿҶԷͿǿдȥ
Իᾪͷ׶ޱȵĽǵ
Ҳڴʱƿʱ뼲ͣͬʱ
ףͷˣôˣ
Խü֮࣬ӵıǼȴɢһȦ⣬·һɢ˷


1817 ǧ
ϣҶϢĿϢУǵϢƾʧˡ
ħӱǼϵɢȥߵ˼ѪǰᣬⳢ˳
Ѫʱ䣬ᳬСʱҲһӳͷ
⣬ҸӦһҵĿռ䲨ҷʱ䲻Ӧ֮ǰһʩչռͨط뿪ˡжϵ
˶жϣħĶԽȴûκλӦ̧ͷʱ򣬾ͿԽĿ̶

һۣӾ͵һ
û뵽ǵʮͣȻΪ
˵ţħĶԽ͹ЦԲ䱾Դ
첻壬尡٣ڣΪ컯һڽ컯ˡ
һ̣ԽЦķʯĿзһ̶Цϣ·һ
𣡡
׵СɽѪɽش̶гܲԽЦĽһೱԽŭ
˶ޱȵĽѪڳͬʱʱԽЦʱסˣ鶼ýӲ
֪˶İ벽̫޽Ҳɵˡ
ͬһʱ̣ҶȴЩΡ
̫ˣǱԽЦ̼׷ʾǶıϣһҲɡ
ΣҶֻܽٵһȦݵʮﱣȦĺߡ
ȻҶ;Ķص
ҪǱԽ٣Ҷ̲Ҫգʱ˵ȡǱѶȡ
Сĺһξ룬ԽҲԸͬʱλޱߵ̫޽
ܲȷѾ뿪ˣԽͷʵ
ǸĿ񿴵ûκζ֪Ѷֱӷʩչռͨ롣
Ȼϳ׷ǰ̫޽˵λµߣӦҲգֻߡ
ô꾭ҪССġ
Ϊ֮ǰͬΪߵͨϣ㱻Ǹ㵽û
ʱǵȻֻڵΪȴκС
ȷߣԥһ£̽һߡ
һΣӽǼ˵صףǼٴһɢΣȴɢĸԶ̶ˡ
Ϣ֮ӻϣҿȷѾ뿪ˡ
ͬһɲǣԽͷĽѪ۶ǧϸϸĽ⣬ݺɨ䡣
ͷ·ɸһ㣬ͨڵǰռͳͳɨһ顣
̶Ҳ׷ɨһ顣
ǽɨ䵽Ľ
ȻûжԽκ˺ȴɹŭˡ
ոշȥٴδ̶֮̽ŭ
Ķ̶Ƿһ㣬ҵԾ
һĻħĶԽĵ˵ͷ
ԷŭʱԱ̶ٸĶݷʱҲ޷άס
̶ûвˡ
뵽̶ײҶ棬ȴºȻ
ҪС´ʱѾм
ȻһˣǾҪȡЩһʲô֡ӣʲô飿Խʵ
ϣͬʱԸ벽Ľ̫ˣ취һǺնɱÿһԵѹҪһ֡
ֻҪܹǾ̶ܹ֮У˵
ԣԽ˵ͷҲġ׼ˣⶫɽƻأһϰ·
·ʱһҪСıѡ
ף
Ϣ֮󣬹⻪һԽƾʧ̶ʮﴦȴһֻɢѪϢĺɫħĴʵѪ׷̧Դˮ
ѾûгԹʳˡ
ǣе
Ϣ֮ǿԴ͵һ˦̫ͷһཬ·𳤱һͷɫħ
һͽǺɫħ̶˹ȥ˲Ϣͽͷɫħ˸ɸɾ
Ϣ֮Խĳ֡
һʧܡ
ͬһɲǣӵϸһ˿ɫϣһöޱȵǧ֮󣬾ǵǿ߳ˣҲҪж
Ȼ⼸ôԣǾǧǹ
ǧ
ħԽԴϲ̫ˡó
ģһֻҪǴ׸ڣǧļֵǱߣܹʮٱʹ
ţ
ͷ֮ʣӷɵԶóһɫںĵҩСЯѪĨһ߾ߴӴռȡޱȵʬϡ
һΣԽһη߾綾ʬ塣
Խӽ߾綾ʬʮ⣬㵹һ̳ԽɢޱջζѪ
ԽһЦٴԶʧ


1818 ɽۻ
̫ѪܹһĽΪ벽ĳ̶ȣѾźǿˡ
ǣԳ֮ΪԿԱȵһµˣѪȵɱʳ֮УѾӵ˲Ƶǻۡ
ҪȻҲһֱڵȴγ졣
ԣԽӵڶѪʳ֮ӦЩٻ
ţͷҪı֮Уôһ˿ɻ
Ѫʳζǵˮ˲ϢСϪһ
ҪǣѾϰûгԹѪʳˡ
Сһ̲סһ˦һޣǱӲϵѪʳ
СĽһźһ㣬ʱȿֺ˦ޡ
Ҷû˶
һһ⼸Ͷᶯ
˲Ϣ䣬ǧصħʬ壬ͱưһɨ⡣
һ޽ϵѪƷζһ
һĻǱ̶Ҷ棬ȫˡ
ңԽ˵ڶͶʳʱҶǵ⡣
˵ʵҶҪûʱ䣬Ҫʱ䣬ҶоҩˮlΪһֶҩ
ܹ벽ĽҩȻϡȱһƣҲʲô̫ѵ飬ֻʱ⡣
û뵽ԽǴӺ߶סˣ׵ĻᣬȻԽǵȥˡ
Ҷ߲˾綾ħʬ塣
ǣ㡣
ҶҪǸεѪʳҶұ֤ԻҶƴ
ʱɽۻ̵ˣͽԽλλٳ͵ϮҶ棬Ҷ漸ûκ
ԣҶֻĿǲ˾綾Ѫʳȥ
ԶԽӿһĻͬʱֳϲ֮ɫ
Ϣ֮ڣͻᶾЩ;޴ǧĵ֮£ҲԳŲʮϢ˵
Ҳڴʱ̶˳ˣǿѪʳĽͻȻ䱩ʹޱȵ˻
˻䣬ǽı˶۾ںڵѪҺ
ͬһɲǣ̶Ƿһ㣬ͬʱʹĶŭ˻۴Ѫ
״Խһ̾ĳ˴ĴָͬʱҲʼõĵʱ
Ҷ棬ǰ̾һ֪ʱҪˡ
ֻܳԽδǰժٿܲӳλߵȫ׷
ĵΣԷǳĲ
ҲҶ¶Ҫյʱʹ˻ѪĽڷ·һĴ˷˻
Ȼͬʱ̶е
һĻҶԽӴ󾪡
Ҫǰǿɾˮһգˡ
Ҫǣ̶ص׵Ҷ棬ԶͨصԽӣ̫Զˡ
֮ǰķΪ
ԽӸһķ£Ҳû뵽Ȼ˵ġҡ
ǣΪȴһδޱȵľȡ
嵽ǰǷڷڵֳִֵͷͬʱ
һ죬;ס·ƬӨӨĳҶһͽ·Ҷ˺˰أɿޱȵȥ
ǰҶ¶ǵɲǣʹ˻ʹ˻ͷɿı
ԽĿɿڴĿһĻʱǧ綾ĽϢѾɿȶ
ڵѪѾָѪɫѪжϣΪʹԲһ˿ڣ̵ʱڻظ

СɽһԴһת˶ӣĶͨԽʧĵطĹ䡣
ЩǽƻӺݺݵĴһĭ
ǽƻ棬ҶİҶƬܽǧ涾ĹЧ֪
˵ħĶЦһȻüƲɣǾֻӲˡ˵Ҳ˵ܶԸ
ûɡ
˵ţԽֱԳֱһɱ̶
û⣡
ɱ
ݣ
һɲǣԽѪĽ⣬ͷ·һϱߣݺݵһͷԴն䣡
飡
Ľ֮࣬Դһǽݺݵҵ̶֮УԴϣֻһӡ
ԽΪȻ֮ʣҶȴһľϲ
ɽۻ֮ʱ򣬵ˣ


1819 ħ
ò˵һƤǴﵽ벽֮ǧļ̫ͣǿˣ
ЩƤֻҪҶԼһƷܲ˵ġ
ħԽ츳ͨǽѪĽ٣ǹƿĴ½ձݵĿֲ
ǺڽӲĶͷֻһӡ
жֲ
ԽɲɵѰս֮󣬾һĸһӡ
ǣڽǧ׳ƿһӣӰǵսԴ󷢡
·һܼޱȵĳԽӣöƣӦ
ͨĺ죬ûãԽͨλãͱˡ
һԽӵʩչռ͸Сˡ
ңԽǷ֣ͨҲ޷ش
һΣҶ滹Խǣʶʲôзޱߡ
ԽĽѪ⹥ֲɣ
Щǿֲķǵһཬס
һཬһ
Ҳһνһٲһǧǧأ
սʼӣԽƵѪЩཬ׺Ѿʮס
Ȼཬ׷һ㡣
ǵĹƿཬ֮󣬹Ҳͱúһˡ
εǣ̫ƻˡ
¾Ƕϱһӵٷŭ뿪̶ȥ
ûиƵĻᡣ
ⳡսҶҲǿĿɿڴҶ棬Ҳ޴¿ڰ
ڶͨ޹֮Խʼķ
Ȼռ̶ޱȵ۳ԴԴཬס
ôǡ
ͷͨط֮ͨͨһʱԽЩǱķ˻
ëʧˣüë˺ڻңӵĳª׺
ţ
һԽߵ㣬һ֣ҽʹԽб
·ǴһƷ磬ǳҽ٣Ƿȴ֮ǰҽ֮С
ͣ
պ̿ӽˮ֮У֮ʣˮʧȥˮݵ̶ǸɺԵĺһ㣬ཬʼɿĽ飬Ӳ
ŭ
һͼǳҽȴ̵ĲҽƤһƬ
û˵ǻôԽһ
Խ˫Уҽ·޾һ㣬һҽһ㣬ɿ̶̶ڷٵıɸɽ顣
ǿһĻƵƵŭȴûκô
ֻһķĶдཬ赲ǳҽ̶ĵ
һĻҶΪ̾
ֶΣ鱿ȴǳĹá
ԽŪôĳҽģҶҲ˽һ
ߵΪ۷ͻƵ֮󣬾ſԼڿٽӿռͨˡ
Ըڿٽӿռ䣬ķѼ󣬷Ǵͨ޷־ÿ١
ǿߣֻԸڿٸ״С״СĽӿռ䣬Ĳƻĵر
ϾԼڵĽӿռ䣬һЩ͹ؼĶ˭Ҳ͵ߣҲߣӵİȫ
ôһźԴߣ쳤վõĻ£ĽԼڵĽӿռ俪ٳΪС磬ŻۣĿٳһԼ׵С硣
С磬ʵЩǰ־
𣬵־СͿ档
ҶƣǰħĶԽܾǿ˾޴ĽӿռǽСĴڡ
ֱӽԶҽսӿռ֮УȻͷų
˵ǵǿߵĽӿռ߽С磬һ컯˵ĽС磬Ҳ޷صҽ
ǰһ﷽Բ̶ӲʧĴҽûκġ
ԽӾĽš
صײŨ̶ȴǷɿʧš
źҽᣬ̶Ѿʯء
ĻռٵıСš
Ϊ£̶һȴ˻ţֹͣҽϮ
Լʱ֮Խеҽ֮ӶȻֹͣ
Ļռ䣬Ѿѹʮˣǳӵˡ
Բʮ̶Ѿ޷ýöˡ
ңԽҲĸʪҽٻɾˡ
ɱ
ŭУԽٴ˳һݺᣬһֱӼļƷƷѪУ״転һ̶Ӧ˵ѾƽصɢŸµʯ
Ҳŭˣ߷Ŵӽʮ̶˳Ӵצɽһĸȥ
Ľֻ
ǿ׳Ľʼ̳һȦ
飡
ṵ֮̆£Ѫȵսʼˡ
ǿ޴ޱȵĽÿһιõضɽҡ
ǣǿһʰĵХɫĹâΪĵص׿ռӳһεػϱ

ԽսѪй⻪һһͽһ˺۵ĽԴն¡
һĻӹЦ
նɱ˵һôģ͸ˡ
Ц꣬ϵЦݾͽӲˡ
ոնµǸԴȻ͵Ծһҧӵ
ͬһɲǣһɫţͷСĽޣ͵ؽţǽһҧ֪֮˶ôֲҧ
ֻһ˲䣬ƿӵĻսףɲǣݣѾһƷħס
ӵӰŭޱȵĿ֮£һ˲䲻֪˶ƣ˲ϢͽǽԴ˷飬һѵģţͷСĻɫ
ǣڽԴɲǣҲǽԴһηʱֱӽӵҧѪɡ
Ӿ춯صĲҽУӵֱʧһ롣
һֱӵڵأһҲֻڲҲ̶õ֮ϡ
һԶӦԽһĻһȻһһβ޳ɣѪ硣
Ҫ̫ˡ
˵ʵһĻҶҲû뵽
ԴնˣȻܷ˿ֲĹ
Խ֮ǰ˳һӣǰӾȵ˰ȫش
ǿߵޱǿġ
Ŷĵҩ£ת˿ھѾֹѪʼϡ
ҲǺˣֱӽԼһն£ӽ˽ӿռڡ
ǿûҲܷɡ
Ȼת֮󣬾ͿСĴ۽ȡ
ϧǣĶһ㣬һȴѾǼˡ
ս༸ɣ˼ŵҩϢһԽͻؿʵ
ˣѾ˴ĴۣǾԲ;ġ
ңᳬɣĶʣµ۵ŭ𣬡û뵽һˡ
ȺСŪƣҪǻµϣϾͰˡ
ȴܹӳϵսɼǿ
ֻƣˣպҪ׵Ļָûʮǲܵˡ
ģõʧһʮٱĸ㲹ԽЩӵ˼
ʵԽҲͦƵģ֣ĶǿԺߵġ
γţëûһ
ǽи
㸨ΪҴնɱĻᣡħԽһ˵
Ѫɷ֮صĵ˵ͷ


1820 ԪѪ
δ֮ǰǿ׳ǧ׵ĽһֱΧûвս
ԣսһʼԽǶģԽĸӴսһնɱ
û뵽ȴǰشˣս롣
ҪǣһնɱͬѪѪʱʣһԴ󷢲˵֮ǰһֱսҲȻ
һԽǶġ
ǱߣһʵǿĴһԽߣӵսȴһ롣
ڽս£ʧȥ˫ȺͻſֲƵӣʵӵĺޡ
ܿסһͲˣʵǿԽͱһ
ʱħԽѹ
ԽǰӴնɱһڿֻܿԼܵشӣܸǣסһͲˡ
ʱԽ뵽ҵŵһλͨϡ
ǽܶսֻҪǣסһѹܹˡ
ͨǱӸص˺ˡ
ͨϱΪ͵ͣҶ˺֮£ܴأܲܰȫͨҽж⡣
ǣΧԽЩӦӲϾ˵˵ˡ
ǧ׳ǿĽÿһ֮ܶ׹ҪһǵǿߣҲˡ
ͨĽѪ۽⣬Ҳ޷ֱشǿ׳Ľ
һĻĻӿ
ż
ȥ£ǾҪˡ
ѾޱȾ޴ĴۣǼֵǵǧܴصǲõʮٱʹͣһΣɾͿˡ
һᣬһҧ
һɹ֮ͻȻһͣһССĸӳһģһµӰشӵͷݳ
Ԫϣ
ԪϵɲǣԪͷĵֻۣ͵һѪѪбɲǣѪɫⲨͷ·һɢ˷
ԪѪۣ
гɵħĵǿߵһ츳ͨ
츳ͨǴ깥ԻԪʩչܸ֮ɱӡ
˵츳ͨʩչʱԪΪһǿĵǿߣԪҲܵش
ʩչʱȴд۵ġ
Ҫôһʱ䣬ʩչʱûκηġ
ӵԪѪ۱ɲǣһβޣͺݺݵĺӵؿڡ
Ҫ֪ӡԽ֮սǹ̶սȦһս
ԽܾԼĿ꣬Դ󷢵Ľ򴿴ɱֻۣҪһлᣬͻ֡
βޱȵĿֲԪ޷ʱӵʱͱ֧顣
඼¶ˡ
ӳϵԪҲһ£ʱӵԪѪ۵һѪ⣬Ҳױ
̶ܱ£ǹγɵ籩һ㣬ǲǿ꣬ʱ⵽ش
Щӵ̫Ѫӵ̫ѪеޣǵѪ֮Уǵر
ǵ걾Դסľ޴ر֮£ԪѪͨĳ£ܵ˺
һǺ˾һ㣬ҡҡλΣ
Խһ֪ǧѷĻᡣ
ȭһһ䷭ڵأȻĽѪ۽ͨЩĸƶǣǵȫķ鲻˵
⻹˵һͻȻ両֣֮£նɱĽԴֱӺɷ飬Խŷġ
Խɲ벽ӵĺ·û͸ĽŪˡ
ڵص׵ҶҲޱȡ
Ҷû뵽ӵԪѪ籩Ȼܹڵص
뵽صԪѪ۱ѪѾ˵ҶɫԪǰѪˮһ㣬˲Ϣɢ
Ҷ𾪵ģȴս˲Ϣƴ䡣
̶̵һĹԽѾնǿ񿰿ָ֮ǰӵĽѪ۵ĽѾ˽ĶƤ
ȻͷǿĽ㿪Ҫ
űһһľƣôǿĽնɱֻʱˡ
Ҷһֵʱˣ
ڵˣ
ͬһɲǣԽٴαУȴһ˿
ôĴۣܹնɱЩջˡ


1821 Сè
ֻԸһǿٷޱߣչ鲻ǵοԵһλ츳ͨĵڵǿߡ
Ϣʱ䣬峤ﵽǧ׵ǿĽͱħĶıˡ
ţͷľۣϹһֻ
ɣ
ŭһԽ編ΣǼƷ鱦ƵĺɫƼóɷ·ǧɽһĻӰŽԴ¡
ֻнԴɷ飬ԽŸҷĵȥջǿ
飡
ɫܼһĺУĹͷѵͣ
ǿ˻ǺɫƵÿһĿѣ޷Чķ
˲Ϣ䣬۱ǿѾ쭳ѪеĹâɿȥ
ԴϵƤ˿𣬵ǺɫһǽһǵɽһػȴѾԴƤµжһ⽬
ǿĽϢɢħĶԽϣظһ˿ϲ
ˡ
һû׷Ѱȡ԰ֵľ䣬ܹջһſΪٵҲֵõġ
Ϊҹζ࣬һʱ䣬ħĶԽ̶ĵȽժ˵
Ҳڴʱ쳣Ϣͬһʱֵġ
һϢԽǰһΪֻڵĽ峤ֻ״С֮ǰǼͣͷ·ûгСһһ
ʱСһ͵۾һֳޱȵĶԽ޲Խ
һСһԽǺġ
һžܹĻɫѣӦ⼸ĺ
ûǵڶϢ֣ԽСһܸȥǸոճûõСŮ뷨С
ǣСһһĵڶϢȴԽˡ
һѪɫӰ
ǸѪɫӰʱͻأĳİ׷Χڣͬ
ͼײҪժ
Խ˲Ϣŭˡ
˾ȻҪժĹӡ
Ϊӵ屻УӸðʩչԪѪۣڵ御֧Ĵ£նɱЩս
һնɱ˽ڣȻҪժĹӡ
Խŭ
ҲԽԲԸ⿴ġ
ǰѪɫӰΪϢѾߴ۷壬ȻĽɫƽʱնɱ
֪ǰѪɫӰûطժ֮ͬͻȻһ㣬ͻȻʧԽˡ
ԣӵѪɫӰֵɲǣԽŭһٶ˲Ϣᵽ£һ
ͼժ
㲻ժҲҪǸѪɫӰժ֮󣬽ס̵ʱ佫ǸѪɫӰնɱޱȵ
ܲǣǰΪϢֻصĽǡɲɵĳıؾ֮·ϡ
˺ηĹ
ҪƽʱϢʱ䶼ãͽСһȳ⽬
ڣ˵ǰϢʮ֮һϢʱ䣬Ҳޱȵ
ԽһҲ뽫ʱ˷Сһϡ
϶ѣõָ֮ʰ˾ͺˡ
ԣ׺ССĽԽֻһΣԽȻȥزסǸѪɫӰ
ɾԽеһССĽʱͻ
ССĽһ죬ģȻһ֮ɫӰ

֮ǰͨ˵棡

ԽͱҶӰˡ
֮УԽŭĹֽһͷĽѪŭѪһչ϶µĻȫ
ȻԽӦܿ죬ܶطǱˡ
ҶЩԾǣԽѪбһѪ⣬ųƿԾ顢塢ꡢиǾЧ澹Ȼ޷ȼա
ɲǼ䣬ԽͽѪıĳӰ
ͨϵǰ֮ڳӰɲǣԽ˲ϢͽѾĵطƤǵ
ҪȻԸǵȼգǾԣÿȼһѪ⣬˳ķյһ
ֻԽսԽ
ԲһԾȣ˲ķ֮һѪܵģеĵط¶Ұ׵Ĺͷ
ȥܲңϵƣڵǿ߶ԣǺأӰҲǺܴ
ӰɲǣԽѾЩˡ
ǰƵǸᷴǡ
ǣʱѾûѡˣԲʧ
ԣӰɲǣħԽٶȣûκεĽͣĳժѪɫӰ
ֻҪõһж˵
˲Ϣ䣬ԽٶȾᵽ˼¡
ӭԽģȴһѪļƷħ򵶣
ݣ
Ҷħ˧תѪӰ͵رǵǧ״СԽɽ̬¡
ʱԽ͸һ·ȥȥӰĻһ㡣
תƣ̫ͻأˡ
뵽һҪժѪɫӰȻͻȻ䷵
ֱͦȥжԽǵǿߣҲִֻܲٵĳѪӰⱻѪӰɡ
ҪǱɵĻĻᣬ̫ˡ
¡¡
Ĺһɲͬʱ𣬹ɲǣԽѾŵ׹ȥɫĵҴš
׺㴦ѾһƬ̿
ԽѾɲҰһƬ
֪ѾǸµľ˾֡
֪Ǹ˽ƻȴûϵǸУȴǿֶΣһһĿ˺ǿߵֶΡ
棬Ǿס
ΪڵǿߣħĶϣԽЩֶεġ
Ʒ鱦ɫƶعâɣһŷ·ϼһźɫ⻪ԽŰס˲ϢͽҶľ׵Ϩ˴룬Խ˻
Ǻ鱦Զ
ԽƷ鱦һܹصķǳʵõĺ鱦
ǣҶֲֹˡ
ԽոָͻأģӰ͵شѸٱʮԴѪھ˻ҧ
˺ѷһʹ࣬ԽλħĶϣҲɵ÷ʹ˻
û취˭֫ҧ÷ʱ򣬶ķӦ
ΣյǣԽԴоλõҪҲ⼸Ѫڸҧסˡ
ıУѪڵסˣ
ҪˣԽɾ군ˡ
ħǿսԴϵǵֻйأһ׻ˣҪ̫ˡ
˲Ϣ䣬Խƴ
Խ֮еԪŭǺХһӿ˱ļҪλ
Դʺλںļӳ£˲Ϣͱޱȵļᰭ
ԽԼܵҲ˼ϵ
žͷһԴϵһϣͷ߷һҺⱬԽ˾ͷСèѪڵв
ǣԽңСèطһŭޱȵĻХ
һֻצץԽļСè˲Ϣ佫ٶ˼ޡ
һɲǵļٶȣҶķӲ¡
СèٶȣԽȻҪһ㣬ݺݵײԶǼӲޱȵȴҽɵͨڡ
һĻҶҲˡ
Ҷ滹ûСèķȻ˾ˡ
Сè˾˵ٶײͨڣȻԽܣСèҲԺòȥ
Ҷ治ķһ
ҶڵСè
ǣСèԽһȿֲٶײͨұڵʱƾһղ
Сèζƾʧ
ֻŭ˫۵Խ·һͨұڡ
һɲǣͨұھһ㣬ٵݽȥ
¡¡ĵضɽҡĺ쳹
ҶҲ͵س鴤һ¡
Сèһ£ǹݵİ
Ҷ涼ЩԽˡ
ö۰
΢Ŀռ䲨֣СèٴγҶԵģֻǳֵʱǽ
ʾƵĿ۱һľͷ档
ԶոʩչԪѪۣ׼ԪתǽƵӣֱɵˡ
ǰĻֵ̫ˡ
췭ظһ㣬ԭѾʤ֣˲Ϣͱ˰·ˡ
ص
֮ǰһֱôӡǵһĵɵġ
ֱɵˡ
ܵĿԽķ򣬿ԽͨϣǵǿߣҲ
ħԣӵԪ鷢һŭХ׼Ҷ档
֣Ҷһ֣һа׾ĺ䵽ԪԴϣԪʧȥж
аסЩϵͨȫԪĿǡ
Ҷħ˧ٵĿȥӵĲƵԪнȥʱҶȡһУ첽


1822 벽컯
񵶲ǿʱҶ͵һ¡
СΪҶ汾ԴĹ磬Ѿ˯߰Ĺˡ
߰Ҷʱ̵ҵԲ䱾ԴС
Բ䱾Դ̫ˣҶѾ˼ͨͣ˸߶ͣŪôһϢ
ֱڣŵ֡
˵ʵֵһ˲䣬Ҷ뵱ȥϾͽСѡ
ǸҶ棬ڻʱ
СɲҶһˡ
οħĶԽûг׽
СèǾһܴʱסѣûг׽
ԣԥһ£ҶͽӽڣͬʱٴλĲ֦
ÿһǿһǱȫ£һƬҶǶĵر
˵ģǧ綾Ѿˣֻ˰ƬҶʱͽ˾綾ָ
ÿ֪
ע֮Уصף·һ̽ĸ롣
Ϣ֮һ£ΪġԲǧ֮ڵ̶ҵ
һޱȡֱǧס̽ڵĳֱ׵ķϵűҶӵص
¶ڵ΢һ㣬ص׵ĸ룬ء
עڣҶϵʱռǱ޵ˮl
һСϣϲҶ˵
ڣˮlһ
ûϣһŴķϵͷ·Сɽһͷ¡
ˮlͳ˼£þϲϢ֮ˮl˿ϲ
ﰡԲ䱾Դ
̾ţˮlƬ̳һҶɫһڣָ
ﰡܹ׹ǵҶôֱȥôֱȥ˰
Ҷ㡭㡭˶ӣ㡭㡭һΣˮlճҶ˵Ҷ㷢
ˮlҶ棬Ҷȴܹˮlŭڣģ
治ŪģǸղսʱصĽҶæһ䡣
ˮlȻϧˡҿʱ䲻ʧҩࡣԭƾҶϷӦÿƿһڣƳƿͲˡ
һʲôҩҶʵ
ҶһһЩĹϹŵõҩǺĸҶõﲻͬƳЧͬ
Ƴһأȿɽ򶾣˴˵еļ컯֮⣬Ի⡣
أһ˵Чޱȣ֫ȱʧ⣬อˣҲڰϢ֮ڻָϡ
ͨˣ˲ɸˮl˵
ôҶһæԼϵͶӳˮl㿴ƣһҪ೤ʱָܹ
Ҷ֮ǰҽСѰҵصҽͨʱЩطصǴſֲµҽˣʹ
ҶľʱĻָҲΪ˿ڴŰĻ𶾣һֱҶ񾭡
ƣһһ˲ɸˮl˵ļΪţϷҪƳһҪ깦ԣаʽơ
˵ţˮl¶ʹϧ飬ޱȽڴӲдҶָ׸ǴСһ飬ȻңݸҶ档
ҶҶɻĻ𶾣ӿƵĻָ
ĵģҶ浱
ˮlյţҲͿˡ
һҶֱӽָ׸ǴСҶ£ո븹ʱͻһɫҶ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶЩҽ˵ĵطһҲҶ涯ľѹˡ
ҶϷһ֮롣ˮlٴ˵

䣬ޱȣ룬Ϸֻٲҩ󲿷ϵ棬պҵʵֲٴ£顣ˮl˵
û⡣
Ҷˮl̶ʮϢʱУǰħԽʮʯУͷ·ضɽҡһ
䣡
ʯҷ֮УһȳһǶؿһ顢Դȥķ֮һħԽһһƻϵĽ
·ӵһ㣬ѵ˳
ɲǣͶĿǰ˿ȴѾ˴ӵĵطһɲǣоͳѪ
㵽ʲôˣ
һУǲĿƺõģ
ǲĿƺõıĿľΪ˽֣֮ȡԽŭʡ
ʣҶһ
˵ʵҶѹû롣
һԽ뵽ⷽ档
Ϊʵ̫ɺˡ
ĿҶϻһϷһ
Ҷһ̣ǰͶӳ˱ӵռĿǰ
Ȼ
ҪȻҲ׵õɲһܹԸġ
Ҷ仰˵꣬ԽͷŭĿ壬㲻ݣԽڴħģ֮ݣ
ռУĿɵˣҶڣң
ңͲһ£ҶɭһЦһԣŲھͰ㶪ȥǰħ壿
ԣĿǵı͡
㵽˭꣬ԽһĿҶ棬ΪʲôҪֶԸ壿
ˣأ㽫Ūȥˣ˵ԽĺͻȻü
ɱӣԽͷĽѪ˲ͽ䡣
˵أ
һЦҶΣʱʵ顣
һǶ顢׹ͬʱҶ̰࣬ʳŽѪСè;ͷ棬ҲͣΣĶԽ
֮ǰڵʮޣҶΪӵ̫ѪļһҲΪ
Ƕӵ̫ѪǶԣֻҪ㹻ԴǵΪܹٵ
ʮУһΪѾͻƵ˽ԣǲŸҸǿ
Ƶɽﰲĵȴţȴʵһɲǡ
ҶĶԽҶԣһƾڵȫʵܲܶԸһλ˵ĵǿߡ
ܣսսҲǲ
ɲǼ䣬Խɷɣ壬һҪǰƤǰͣҲҪ֪ʼǡ
ԽĻû˵꣬Խؿڴŵһذ׹ǣͻȻɢһ⣬ߣߵħͨϵĲҽ
ϣߣǡı顭
һǽذ׹еȻʧԽɫٴδ䣬ͨϣôˣͨϣ˵
ͨϣԽһޱȵŭĿٴζҶ棬ǵˣ
һУǵƣ
쵰
ŭһԽͷĽѪ͵رɽ⣬ȲһеնɱҶ档
ҲһɲǣһֲޱȵѹϢʹͨԶ˶
ҪǣѹϢȻҶɫԪ鶼ܵѹơ
ʱԽҶɫһ䡣
һɲǣԽ·𱻵絽һ㣬͵ʧ벽컯


1823 Ĵ
벽컯
ħԽ飬һɲǱþޱȡ
ֶնɱҶ棬ޱȵȴޱȼɵǵڸٽӽİ벽컯ĿֲϢ
֮ϣ컯Ϊһӵ۷ͻƵ컯Ĵڣͻᱻ֮Ϊ컯ˡ
νĹԼڵħħ񹬹ħ񣬽컯ˡ
벽컯컯֮ǿĴڡ
Խİ벽컯ħ֪ħʦϣڡ
֪ħʦϣжôǿԽڣԽȴ
ԽڵΪֵ£Ȼ߲С
ңǻ¡
ٱĿֲޱȵѹϢλѾ벽컯Ϣй֮޲
Խԭ
һλڻҪǿϼֵİ벽컯Ĵڡ
ҲֻĴڣߵͨϽһʾͳûϢ
ԽⱲӣ̫ѵѡԣôһɲǣԽǺȷѡ
ţһУ
ţϣ
ʱԽʹҶƿͷѪнһգ𣬶жʱǿޱȵĿռ䲨
Ҷ¾պԿռ䲨ޱȵУԶǵҶɫԪ鶼ܵѹƵĿֲϢԾʽһ㣬ͣƿռ䣬̶ķǰ
Ϣǰٶȣ쵽˼㡣
˿̣ǸӦǵֲİ벽컯ϢһɲǣħĶԽ͹ޱȵķ˶ҶĽȻֱӴ߶ռͨҪ
Σ˲ϢͽҶ澪Ըӡ
ܽڵԽŵ̶ȵĴڣǵöֲ
ԽҪһеҪӣﶼܲˡ
ҶҲ˲ϢͷӦ˹
Ҷܾһ㣬һӣСèͷ桢ǿĽʬսڣһʩչŵص׶ȥ
ʬ壬Ҷ浹Ҳսȥ˵ᣬǽƤķ̫ǿˣ۰
ԼһƷ
ǣǿҵΣУҶ治˿ĵ飡
Ҷ滯һص׵ɲǣҶħ˧˲Ϣ仯Ѫع鵽Ҷڡ
صеɲǣҶͷһŵصȥ
Ҳһɲǣ͵زһ£ħĶԽһͻһŽûС
£
һ·ߡַ·ڶŭ̶ص׿ռը
͵һһֻ־ʹ̽˳ק˸ոʩչռͨյħԽ
ԽѾʧ˿ٳĿռ֮ͨУٵĿռͨѾ£
ǻһ̽ԽոնĿռͨȻٴα˺ѡ
ǻָһתڿռͨбסٶеԽΣȻƾ֡
Ȼֻٴ̽ͷ·ĲӬһڿռͨмеԽ
оԽػͷֲֻĻ֣ϵѪɫ˲ϢʵһɶУǺȻ֮ɫ
˵ʱ٣ʱ졣
Խŷ·̩ɽѹһĻ֣͵һҧ⣬ɫıԴѪʹӿп
ÿһڱԴѪԽϢһ֣Խڿռͨжеٶȣȴֻɡ
һڱԴѪ˵ԽϢӵή٣ԽڿռͨеĶ٣ȴ֮ǰһ
ԽĿڱԴѪɲǣǻٴμ٣Խ
Խİӣ˲Ϣ仯˻ҽ
ҲڴʱԽĵĿڱԴѪԽڿռͨжеٶټӿɡ
ǻֵָ⣬
һμ٣ַֻ·ľһ㣬ٶȶؼڷŵĿռͨбɢ㡣
֮ǰٴα˺Ŀռͨٴοʼɿĺ£
Ǻ£֮ʱȴеѪҽԼԽ˺ѶĤĲҽ
ԽҲǵѪù׷Ѱõ԰ûŪżֵѾֶθɵ
ȻҶ档
⻹˵ͻȻ֮һλ벽컯ĴڣŵĶӲ˵һͻٵǰѾõ
ֱǡ
ԽУңӦĿ졣
ҪԥôһɲǣǽͲٵһ룬ǳ׵ĽСɢ
ٵĶص֮ǰҶʩչľͨø̶̶ܱߵļ̦޺۾
Ҷ뿴һ£ʲôĿֲڣܹħĶϡһλڵǿŵƨ˷Ӧ
Ҷ滹ûпλֲڣȴȿֲֻĻ֣Լƿռ֮ͨɢѪҽԼԽһޱȵĲҽ
Ҷ͵ؿһ¡
߻δƾһֻһĻ֣ƿͨشѾʩչռͨȥԽ
ֵֻˣжֲ
£Ҷֻһͷ
ݣ
ݵԽԽá
ԼصԽԽá
˲Ϣ䣬ҲҶʩչݶصǧɲǣŷ·һķ籩һֲϢʱͽ̶ܱߡ
ӦþԽޱȼɵλ벽컯Ĵˡ
ٵɲǣλ벽컯ǿߵǳˮһɢ˷
£ûطǵǿߵҲ޷صǧ̽顣
λ벽컯Ĵ˲Ϣͽǹɸһɨ˷Բϵ¡ǰҷԲ֮ڵһΣ˲Ϣ䶴Ϥ
ҶľǣǵɨҶɲǣҶԪ飬Ȼһ¡
ǴɨսһսһʬͻȻһʬԴ΢΢һ£ⲻעⶼܡ
Ҷͷ͵һԾ֮࣬ҶһԥĶ֮ڡ
Ԫ鰢仯£˵صͨһ㳾
ͬһɲǣոմҶɨİ˲Ϣ䵹أҶʧĵطɨ˺ü顣
һɲǣҶĶᵽɤۡ
Ҫǲ鱻ˣɾͱ׽ˡ
Ԫ鰢ҪҶ򶨵Ķ࣬İɣֻҪһû֣ôɨٴΣҲǷ˲ġ
ҪȻʱͱĶͷˡ
ǰ纣·ɸһҶĵطɨ߱飬Ŵһ˿ɻ롣
Ҷͷһɣ˲Ϣ䣬Ҷһ򣬿ǰλͻأֵİ벽컯ĴڣôĴ֮ס
ͬһʱ䣬̶֮УͻأֵĻ⣬ʵӰ
һӰȴף£


1824 ƻʥ
ôˣ̫ϣ
λΪϢֻеڵӰתλ벽컯Ĵڡ
Ϊ̫ϵӰüͷһ壬ûʲôֻǷɨص׵ʱͻȻͷһ˿쳣Ĳ
ϷٻعͷߴΣȴûκη֡
˵̫꣬ϵӰĿ˱ߵλãһĵ㺮ɷ
ɷոɲǣ˷ĶڣȻȰȵı
QΣ˵һʧȴǶˣ̫ʥߺܵȴǟQε͵һ
ʥ˵仰ʱȫһĸо
ʱ򣬻λĴƣ˵㣬ҲеΡʥڼ
ǵڵğQεȴǲ̫ϣһĶʧΣǣɣ
ڣ
̫ʥЦ֪λΪǼ£Ѿ꣬ͻԣ
Qεþ̫ϣһ𣿱˵ҳһҲ̫ѵɣ

ʥ̾һйذأɲһԲܹϵġ
˵ģҵƶ컯ͨϷҲ޷
̫ϣ˵һУȫΪõģQѿʵ
ԣʥȴҡҡͷ֪̫࣬㷴áˣ£ͷۣϷ޹ء
ˣǵħȻѾʩչطԶݣ׷׷ˣҲɣ㾡ٽرȥ
˵䣬ʥһʹǟQƾʧڵϵľ߽ʬ壬ûдߡ
̶г䵱Ҷ۾ģ̶ܱߵ̦޺Щ̦޺ҶһɲǼľģ̦޺ûκ
̦޺֮УȴһҶ־ͷ·Ҷ۾һ
˽̦޺һɨҲᷢһ쳣
ԣҶڣЩҶ۾һ̦޺ȴҶ潫Χκͱ仯һɶ
˵ʵλϢޱȿֲİ벽컯ʥ뿪ʱҶͷһɣ뿪Ȼٶ뿪Σص̶
֪ʲôֲĴڡ
ߵħĶԽ᲻ɱǹأ
Ҷ뿪ʱȴһ
Ҷ滺ڡ
С޴
Ȼλ벽컯޷ڵصǧ֮ʯһ飬ҶڶһʱΣ
һˣҶͳ˼ĴڣŽջ
Ȼ˵뿪վ֮󣬾Ҷ׻Сʱ̡
һָҶ˼꣬ˮlУͻʥƷһ
ҶڹؼʱǿĽʬߵδսʱͱСè;ͷˡ
ҶصģȴǽƤƤķۣмǿĵֿ
ԼƾһƷףҶ澲ƳһƤǷܹð벽֮µ
ңǿ׳Ľʬ壬³ȥûûԴǧ׳Ŀȸǳס
㱳ƤΪͣΪǿ󣬶ƤΪڼ׺͹ؽڴá
ƤҲһá
ԽǿֲͣҶƣƳƤĿԸߴס
һջˡ
ʵҶЩ۲ǵ̶ľ߽ʬ壬ܹûҶƹƳװһ֧СͲӵĳǿķˡ
ϧǣ뷨ҶĿǰֻһ룬κζġ
ҲΪˣҶϣλʥQ뿪ˡ
ȹʱҶİȫ뿪ʱ򣬾ͿǼ߽ʬˡ
֮⣬Ҷģλ̫ʥQεļ͸¶ľš
λһѾ׼ļƻ
Ҷ治֪ƻʲôЩ׼ļƻһʼִУǾ춯صġ
Ҷ治֪аʲôãǰʥԣޱ֡ǵǿҲҪƴ̽üβпҵڡ
һеһУ˵ʥ˵ģȷʵΪġ
⣬ҲʹǱߣܿһ׼ļƻ
һƻ׼꣬ҶЩż
Ҷ汾ܵľģһļƻԲʲôüƻ
ҶϤƻƻƻ
ż˰֮ҶȴԳɹЦ
ҪҪּƻҶһССܹ赲ƻġ
²ҶģҶһûǸûǸΡ
д٣Ҷںľֻ¡˺ѣ
ܱԼˣԼѻĸãҶôС뷨
һ˲䣬Ҷ뵽Զ½ĸĸܡ¡ܵܣţ뵽˲£ηɰףֹ
뵽һĴ½֮ͷֿԡ顢ͫˡ
뵽½λڵ
һʱ䣬һĪĽȸȻ
಻ļƻҪ˵´䣬ܡ
ڣҶȴ뾡ܵ´֮ǰЩꡣ
ֻҪЩˡ
Ҷǣңǽ´ȥá

Ҷܹһڿʮ꣬˵ҶĻǷǳǿġ
ҲţҶͶڣ
ڵʱѾ˵ڶʮ죬ߵʱŹ˿ʱ
һϯص׵ٴξҶ渽̶ܱ̦޺ϵ־
ǿֲٴη·ɸһڵص׹֮ǰ뿪ʥQεٴγ֡
£Ϸ֮ǰɨʱӦһ쳣ʱȴʲôҲˡ
һԵğQεȴЩѿһֱûпڡ
Ϸˣ߰ɡʥ̾һٴδşQһ뿪
ڵҶ棬ȥʥȴƤû̧ڿޡ
ȻʥѾ쳣ˣĴڣһϼ޻ģô׷أ
ҶÿԿΪûҪȥðա
һΣʱ£Ҷڶ˽ʱ䣬֮ǰ뿪ʥٴγ֡
γֵʥһŭɫ
ѵϷӦдˣô죬ûˣ
ʥַ·ɸһڷԲ֮ںɨ˼֮ʥŴľѾʼĽʬȻ뿪
йô֮̽Ҷ淴ˡ
Ϊдɴڣȴװȫ뿪
һΣҶڿ˽һ꣬ߵʱʮ֮һ˪ʥٴγ֡
һΣʥ̶ɨһ飬޽֮󣬷߶뿪
һ뿪ʱʥһ塣
̶صףʱضɽҡ췭ظ


1825 ҧгݵĿ
ҷſ꣬ūۣⲻܣռڣĿһĲ԰ףͷҡĸ˹һ㡣
ĿǰҶ棬ȴִһָҪףⲻڸµĿԣǰ֪ͨ㣬ʵ
˵ʵ£ͬⲻͬⶼνΪҵսķ㲻ϣҲǿгȡһꡣҶ˵
ĿЩ־һڿˮҶ˵սطȷʵټǣľ鿴Ҷڵ飬ƭ
ȻˣĿɲҶνսū۵ķʽ
Ϊһ벽ߣ뱲ӣ˵Լ֮·
֮·ĿʲôأΪǿΪɣΪضԸӹ
ڣҶͻȻ˵Ҫս꣬ⲻڽһӾ֧Ŀٵ
ʵ޷ܡ
ҿԷԡҿ԰ҪñԴѪ귢Ѫ䣬ĵǲΪ㶫ЧĿŬš
Ҷ濴ź޲ھͶҶĳĿҡҡͷ
ģŶж٣Ҹ𣿡
ĸƵģҪǷ㣬ָܹң߻һĿΪУ˵Ҹ
ң㲻ģѾ֪ҵܣûпֶε£ҷ뿪𣿡Ҷ˵
ԣĿʹı۾治֪ģҽġ
Ҷ˵ܣȻ⴦˵Ŀռˡ
еĴռ䣬ǿߵĽӿռ䣬С磬޷ġ
ֻ˵ˮ嶨طС磬ˡ
С磬ǵǿУҲһ
ҶΪֻصߣȴӵһܱ߻ɿС磬ܲĿĪ
ӽĵһ˲䣬ĿͲµˡ
£Ϊ˱ҲֻΪˣҪɱ㣬һ˰ˣҶ˵
治ǹģ֪ģұ֤Բй¶ȥĿĶ˳
֤֣ʱǹƨ磡㻹ʶôĻҾֻǿгȡˡҶȵ
ҶϵģĿ飬˲Ϣͱޱȵļ㣬ҲԸū
ʱ겨һĿһķʽת
ҶԸӦõһǿĿ鹬֮УĿͻ˲Ϣ佫ݻ٣Ҷһᡣ
Ҷһ£üͷ
ʵҶϻô࣬ǿĿı¡
Ŀ벽ΪѾԺ͵ڵ߶Կˣͨطսǿ
յֵ£Ҷֵ¾ͻһս
ңĿǰ벽ΪҶʱ֮ò˼ͻͻƵ
֮ڽҶһǿʹ
ǣһǿߣĸԸҶܹ꣬Ҳ
ҲҶΪʲôһҪĿԸԭ
Ŀֵ˼ҶҲǿġ
ΪҪǻҶ漴˿꣬ҶҲѡ
һתҶ˶
ƣǾֻˡ
Ҷ·Ϸһ㣬ͻȻͳʮ
ͻأֵʮĿ۾һʮ㲻ǻô
ʮˣôһٿأҶٴαϷһһٿ
Ŀ۾͵صɴĿⲻͣҶһС˸š
һǧأ
һأ
һһѵҶǰƽʱޱȵ˿Ŀǰѵĸײһ㡣
ĿſˮųڵǰԽԽ࣬ĿԽԽֲ
Ŀʹޱȵı۾Ŀ޲ڵԼǻ˫ۡ
ģ
˫۾ֿ˲ÿĶ
˺ҶѾףħ԰ʧĴԣˡ
־ǰ
㡭ֺңĿǺ޵ҧгݣЩܣȫ֪ΪʲôҪҡ
ĿѾ
ĿľҶô⡣
ҶôֻһǾĿףѾ֪ܣǰģֻ·
һ·ǱҶ浱նɱɢ
һ·Ƿſ꣬Ҷȡһ
֮⣬޵ܡ
ҶҲԡ
ν̰ӹｲĿǲԸϢĻɢġ
ҪһʮţһʮţңҪһɶȣ˸֮⣬֮ʱ䣬ɰš
Ŀҧ
ĿҧгݵģҶЦˡ
ܺã⼸ҴӦУ㻹ʲôһֻҪݣ˺ܺ˵ġ
˵ģ
Ŀصĵ˵ͷҰʱ䣬ҪúõĿһĿ޺޵ĶҶ棬ҧгݵ˵
ǣʱǡ
˵꣬Ҷ潫Ŀ⿴һԱսħĵħӵԪ飬Լõʱһˡ


1826 СèСʱ
˵ʵڴ֮ǰҶû뵽һ쾹Ȼһڵǿߡ
λڵħʱԪǷֿģҲǳĺ
ԭʵܼ򵥡
Ԫ֮һΪ߳ɣԪΪĵ֮С
ԭͻƵʱߵͻÿһ䡣
ΪսߣԪ֮ԪͻΪһ塣
£ٻֻԪֻӻأֻҪҵʵᣬò˶ãָܹ֮ǰųս
ԣЩиšɽšгĵǿߣԪ֮֮ĴڣͻӳһԪػ
ԪػһûʲôãǵΣʱȴԷԪػ˲Ϣǧӳ졣
ıԪ飬ǿԪػҶɽǰӳġ
ԪеԪػ˵Դĺͥ峤ϼӳ֡
ΪԪػʲôرķţԣֻҪеż塢ɻµĵǿ߼ӳԪػ
ҪԭأҪΪ⣬֮
µߣٳɣǵǿߣʧһǴʧ
£ħĳϻ峤϶Ҷ²ӵԪӳԪػ
ʱ£һֱΪԽ䣬ѹҪҲûжԪػĿܡ
ǣԽҶıеĻҪҲ˵ҶаףԪĿǡ
һа׺£ԪػĻᶼûˡ
ҶֽǾδʰųɾһλħĺΡ
˵ʵڽĿչ鵽֮Ҷӻżġ
ӱҶˣӵսһ㶼
նɱһֻñǰҧһڡ
ٻӻסһӲƾԪѪ۸Խս
ʵǿ
ܹĿһչ鵽£Իڵһ˲ΪҶµĵһ֡
ǣҶԺҲ벻ܹշڵӵķ
ҶĿǰɫԪ飬ǿսӵ꣬Ҳǲԡ
ǣ̫ˡ
ӲҪҶԣֻҪųһϢܹҶ溦֮ء
ڵǿϲҶ治óȥãһóȥӻ˺
ûʲôõĽ飿Ҷʵ
Ԫ鰢һ˵㣬ǼʶǿɲǸǵġ
֪һЩҲû˵
Ҷүģ⣬ʵټ򵥲ˣ϶ֳɵģôңޱ̶ȡȻһڣûû
һҶͨСèһô˵ͻȻͷֻԪ鰢ŶЦ
һˣҿɸǵСʱ˰Сè꽻
ңèӣµĿɲֹһ˰ɣиƨá
Ԫ鰢һĲںСèȴͻȻ˵һ仰ѾõӦòԶ˰ɡ
Сèû˵꣬ڲԪ鰢ͻƤһС֮дͷɲԷġ
Ǵñӳء
ʲôںʹҶϢСǡ޲ߡ
èӣ̫ˣǻӵĻӣүԪ鰢ܻ
ҲϵĴָУмöҵӰ򡣡
Сèո𣬰Ǳ߬ס˺һûκ󣬾ͳҶ¶һĵЦݡ
Ҷүҵ״үʵ֪µģֻǰɣţЩħĴ󽫣ֻǴħ꣬ûʵ塣
ǵսڿȻǿһͬװĸ֣ûʵȱ㣬ͻᱻ޷Ŵ
ΪԽߣǵȱԽ󣬶սҲԽߡ
ǣǰħʬ壬ȴǳΪѡһĳħôսͻ쭡
ߵڵħ֮£޵еģպͻƵҲǺƵġ
ңүħԪ飬ͨսѪתᶨպλħͻƵúס
Сè¼Сʱ˲ϢԪ鰢󲻸κεƶͱµΣһɶ
žϲͬʱҶȴǸ̾
Сûг˯֮ǰһƺһֱ֣սһƵġ
Ԫ鰢ÿζս𣬵ÿһģᱻСñӿ顣
ͨĻСϰñ˵
СèأС밢֮䣬һ˰ĿͻСæվһСԡ
żϾʱҶ涼ᱻһ֡
ԴС˯֮龰ͼˡ
һ컹һ缴ļСèĻȴ˺ܶࡣ
Ļ֣ȴҶһζ
ʱСѣعͥˡ
ҵħ˧Ըںħ𣿡Ҷʳһɻ
ܡ׼ȷĴ𰸣Ҷүħ˧ԴսѪ죬⴫Уǲܸںħġ
ҶͻȻٺһЦСèǵ׼Сʱ
˵꣬Ҷϥó
ӦСè֮࣬Ԫ鰢Ĵһս


1827 С
ڼһɢҶ֫ٺ
ʪУҶֱʳǱ¶ϵȪţǧëͬʱſˡ
һ˲䣬ĵļͻȻͷ
ĸĸо̥ʱĸ׻еȸСʸС
һУƺصΪ̥ʱĸ׸ĸ͹һС
ֻصĸĸоҶꡢ衢ѪҺÿһ䣬
ǶԼͬķҪǷ·ĸ׸еӪһ
ҶԼҲٳĸо
ؼʱ̣׼Ҷ棬͵һҧ⡣
ʹҶЩߵ˲
ǿһһͱҶֱҶ鹬֮еľ鹬֮С
ڼ䣬ҶÿϢһεƵʣͣҧԼ⣬ûùҶѾѪģ
ˣҶÿһϸڿһ
ֿҶ֮ǰ֮ħҪǿ
Ҷ氵ºȻ֮࣬Ҳѣǰ˽һ㣬׼
ҪȻ׵ҪǱҶԸˣҶɾҪԸˡ
ȻⲢҶ涨ṵ̫̂ࡣ
Բ챾Դųɾŵߣֻĸʱչ챾Դһĸ壬ҲûнӴ챾ԴĿԡ
ǣ챾Դļ䣬ȴӡһ㣬ڹ
һٴͻ᱾һı
ҶڣʵΣֻ屾ܵļ䡣
ΣҶ׼
һҶ£Ҷľ鹬֮ǿŹ⻪ݻơûһƬҶӵС
СҶڵıڡ
Ǿúõˮһ㣬ŵһСڵɲǡ
СĸϵǴӶиյһ㣬ٴοʼҶľ鹬ڵľ
˲Ϣ䣬СһƱ
ȻɿݻƣȴְϺȵ绯һ㡣
֣Ҷ澪ϲ֡
ԴС˯֮Сıûɹһ˿һľǻԼԼһӦڣҶ涼ΪСѾˡ
ϲУҶ߶ǿпÿһϸʪĿеɵһԵСڡ
ССԽԽǿҵľĲҶǣ̲סϣ
Ӧÿ졭
˵ʵС˯֮ԭܼ򵥣ָʱ䣬Ԫ鰢󣬻飬Ķȷ
˵ʱٰ꣬˵ʱ꣬ǧꡣ
ʵҶףǰ飬ǵ˵ĳ̶ֳ϶Ϊ˰οҶ档
һ˵챾ԴĹȣʵ;ƿˡ
һ;ƿݵĽ
ΪֹûκһˣǵǿߣҲ޷ĵ챾Դ»ָ
ıʣʵٻߴĶ챾Դġ
Ǹǿ컯Ҳˡ
Ϊ鳤ˣôľˣҲӲش
Ҫʱĳпָѣǳѣϲܡ
֮ûС뿿Լѹʵܵġ
СԶӵдյĻ֮ʱҲޱȵ
Ԫ鰢Ļ˵һֻ꣬٣Ǽǧꡣ
һ㣬Ҷʵ֪һֱ롣
ԣҶһֱںƴѰҿԲ챾Դ
һʱ֮󣬵ɵҶȫע뵽СڵʱСǷĸϵѾȫ˹
һĳˮһ㣬ĳȡҶľ鹬Ǿޱȵľ
ǳȡٶȣҶڵΪе㹩Ӧò鹬תط鹬ڵתɾľСȡ
źľ鱻ڣСǿݻƵʼۿɼɫת䡣
ǳ̣ıɫͱ˰ɫһҶҶ۵Ҷʼ³֦ѿ
ʱ֮һ֦ҶĲԴСͷ·һ㣬Ҷľ鹬֮ŭš
ͬʱǲԴСһͻһɫŮĽ鶯Уżֵ֮ɫ
״ˣ
С
Ҷ鹬ʱҶ
ͬһɲǣûµ۸ͷԪ鰢ͲĴһս
һһֱĶҶСèͻȻһԾ𣬻ҸӦˣˣ


1828 ͸С
СҶڸһСռ䣬ޱȡ
һֱܺСԪ鰢һҲСèСͷճһ֡
ȻͷļһʵǴ͵ģʱʱıһͨҲĲֺ
аǿƽС˲ϢԾ
ռڣҶһͿýߵռĵĻ⼸һ¶ҪˣЩ޼˾̣ѹûˡ
֮ǰڿСʱҪСèС֮ȴ֪¡
һֱµԪ鰢󣬺ݺݵĸСèһȭСè׳һ
СèǱȻһֵơ
Ԫ鰢Ƿһָͷ
СèͻĵͷһһһΪ
ЩͷСҶס
СèҪԪ鰢£һ
Ԫ鰢һ㣬ֵǣýЩСè
Сè֮Ԫ鰢󻹼һ
˫ɽô򵥡
˯ôѹСϲá
һĻҶ淢Ե΢Ц
С
ҶһֵСʱ͹ˣСһԪ鰢СèʱͰˡ
ھͷ棬Ǿ͸˵ˡ
ò˵Сдͷ
״ˡ
СһصΪ׼һǹӳ˯ѣϣϲҶ˵
ֻҪǸ״͵ģСϲС
Ҷ΢΢һЦóһ̹ӨӨʲôݸС
һۣС;״ˣǡ鱦
Ҷ˵ͷһԵĺ鱦ȴǳʺ㡣
鱦ǱģľľľͨǼ鱦ľ롣
Ǽľ룬ҪǸͿٻظʱ򣬹ؼʱ̣ҶҲҪá
ҶȴһֱûСгһϡ
ľ룬˵Сޱȵϡ
СԶžѪᣬǾЩԶž֮СѪѾᴿӽԶžѪ
Զžһ˵Ǵľϵ壬սǿǷȴһޱȵۺ
Уǳķޱߡ
ҪǣС޽ӽԶžѪΪͻƣڵ֮ǰûκƿеˣƿͻƵľ粻ͬ
ֻҪ㹻СΪܹͻͽ
Ҷɲ˵Сȴգԭ
ֵ츳ȷʵȴͻʱҪۣǳĺ
ƾõͻƶ԰ǧơ
¾СҶȫ֧֣СҪͻƣҲҪʱĻۣΪԽߣҪʱԽ
ľ룬ֻҪ˺ʵĵطСΪٶȣ԰ٱǧֲЧ
ﵽһ̶֮СԷҶ棬Ҷٶȡ
ҶûСľ룬ʱһһĺ鱦Сľȫһˡ
Ҷ棬С˺鱦ľ롣
֮Сĵһ仰ͽҶһ״ˣܽ͵ԭ·Ǳޣ鱦ľ룬ֻҪ깦ҵΪܹﵽ۷塣
ԭ·ꣿ
ҶѵıȻһ£˱ˣӦ˱ʵǡ
С˯ǰΪͨ񾳾۷壬ˮ׼
£һʷǷߣųԴҪͨ񾳾ؽΪ۷壬˵꣬ʮ궼ûǸܡ
һܹﵽǿ쵽ˣǻԴޱȵĳ㡣
ͨ߻Ѹһʱ䣬ǳ
СȴֻҪꡣ
갡
ʱ䣬Ҷ涥˽ΪĿǰͻƵغڡ
СȴֻҪܹͻƵ۷塣
Ψһ鷳ǣԭǸطҪ˳ȡƺĵеϲܡ
˴ĵصѲﻹٵĵǿߡ
ż·ݹû⣬ҪڳȡǾˡ
ȻһҶҸСʮڽΪ۷ĵص㣬ûġ
ңҶźʯС
ԭǵطʱȥˣʱڣǻôⴢָڵʯȥΪȽΪϻðǸһҶ˵
СǺԪ鰢һۣߣң
߱Сһŵһ£Ҷǲ
˭˭ˣ
úõĴͱҶһñӡ
ơ

λʥĽƻһµʱڣ̽Ҷ棬ڽԭҶɴڵصףǱ
һǱޣ£൱ڿʱ䡣
ҶΪҲ˳ĴͻƵغڡ
˵ʵҶԴȱһ´ţҶܻٴοһֱ꣬Դĸ࣬Ż뿪
ҶǡڴʳѾˣڴˮҲҪĹˡ
Ҷ֮ǰڴ˺ʳˮǶ԰Ϊλġ
ڵĿռ㹻
£ҶһˣǰǧҲԲȲꡣ
ǣҶڣŽǧڿޡ
ǧ˵ĳԺĴȻ˵ʱԺȻ٣ҲǱزٵģˮ
Ҷ֮ǰ洢ǳ࣬㹻һǧ˳ԺȽʮ꣬ǻ֮ǰ뿪ʱĲġ
ǣγɵͿһʱ䣬·õ˽һʱ䣬֮ǰڵص׶һ£ֿ¡
Ѿһʱˡ
ʱ֮ӳֵģһʮ죬Щʵٶȣͬʮ
ʳˮĴͱЩ
ЩľʥǰҶһ
ҶҲͲòж
ʱ䣬ҶصѾµʱˣҶģʥٽƻģҲӦ뿪˰ɣ
Ҷʱ뿪Ӧðȫˡ
ϼһ£ҶС뿪顣
뿪ɲǣҶԼٶŵٳȥ
ʥ뿪ʱ췭ظһ׵ƻ̬صͨҽ
ҵҶΪȻҽ֮ǰĵҽ¶ȻҪࡣ
α֣Ҷ׾ͳ˵棬ٴؼա
ˣСè
һҶٳСèСèҶ׼ٶȷر
ҲСèոճʵɲǣһޱȻֺԪϢͻأĳ֮ϣҶ浱ͷ¡
ƻҲӲϷģʥЦ쳹


1829 ʥɱ
ʥЦ˲ϢҶһֱѪĳ嶯
Ȼڵ
Ҫ֪֮ǰʥ̶ص׿ռһ̽Σǰεʱȳһ¡
Ҷʥ߶̶֮Ҷ̶·Ǳ¡
ǰǰСʱˡ
ҶģʥٽƻģһСʱûκջͷ֣뿪ˡ
Ҷû뵽ʥľȻ˿ֲ
޷֮£ȻҵϿտҶСʱ䡣
ΨһĽͣһ˵еҪԣҶеĻҪҪʮٱϡ
ʥûʲôϣ£Сʱ䡣
֮⣬Ҷ澪ȵģȴʥķӦٶȡ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣҶĽСģѾˡ
Ҷ淽Ŵӵص뿪ʱ뿪ص׵ģȴҶ渽ޱȵĻϵ
ҶֱŸ߿̽˽ʮһǧ׵ĸ߶ȣȷûκ쳣֮
ҶŴӵصСèٶ뿪
ǣҶŴӵصոճʣǵֺޱԪϢҶ浱ͷ¡
Ҷ벻ͨĵط
Ҷоһ־ײһεĴһ㣬ʥδ֪֮ܣ
֪Ҷ
ҶʱͷмֱʮȻ̤ǧˡ
ЩҶһɲǼͷѡ
ǵֺϢֹʥЦɲǣҶѾ˷Ӧ
׼ȷ˵ҶӦҶ˵СèѾڵһʱ˷Ӧ
·һ²СèһڻɫĹ⻪΢΢һСè壬ǳ󺣵ĺһ㡣
˲ϢʧС
µģֻһĨǳϸ΢Ŀռ䲨
飡
СèڻѪ츳ͨ顣
СèովͨʱһգԶǧСèΪǣһѾԶݳ
֮ǰҶһޣСèͷΪͻƵ˽һغڡ
ССһʱ䣬ΪͻƵ˽سڡ
ս쭲˵츳ͨҲǱǣһζݳľ룬ǿʩչͨĴȵ
ͬͨãѪãͬΪϣ츳ͨҪԶǿͨ
֮ͬǿռͨΪ£СèʩչԶǿߣΪСèǿܶߣⷽ涼޷Сè츳ͨȡ
ԣСèǴ³ԷˮһȻޱȵ˳ʩչͨʱ򣬾Ͳһ˿̻Ϣƾʧ
Ǵֱ˹ĻֺϢ˸ա
ʥδж֣ǸĴͷҫ£Ŀ
ӵĹİǣӵ𡭡ʥٺЦһƬʹӰУ΢΢һΣһ쳣ҫ۵ĹӰͳʥʵĹӰС
ͬһʱ̣СèѾҶ˰ǧ֮⣬СèûκͣһߵѲٶȣٵǰǰ׼Զ
Ҷһƴϴڵ̫һƱԴҶϻ
˲ϢҶһˣͬʱεģСè
ʥֳģǿӳ̶ȣֱ޷ݡ
֪ǰûвãҪϳЩ鷳ˣҶϵı任ò
ң֮ǰҶһֱõǵĻݣûóݡ
ҵǣҶѾȣСè
СèĿǰٶȣǾٶȺͿռͨĶĵǿߣǿҪ׷Сèֻ֡Σ
Сèʮļٶȣ롣
Ҷ潻һ䣬Сèٶٴμӿ죬Сèÿʱʮļٶȣֻܳһ죬һ֮СèҪʧȥˡ
⼫ٶһʩչΧĹ⾰ǸӰһ㣬ڸ߿У·ҽڷٵĵˡ
ͬʱҶϣǴһɢ˷ʱ̸Ӧ˷Ķ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷ۾͵صɴжظһ˿˼֮ɫ
Сè
ɲǣСèٴƾʧ
Ҷʧ֮ʥӰ֮ĳҶʧĵط
ߣЦһʥٴλζеʹӰ
ʥһ˦βһجһĹҶ
Сèƾ츳ͨ飬ܹ˲Զݰǧ
ʥֻҪϢʱܹ׷ÿһΣ׼ȷޱȵҶλá
Ҷôת򣬶˦ѡ
ҶޱȵĳԾ
Ҷţ¾ûбʥ¹׷ӡǣУҶͱʥ㶨ˡ
µ׷ɱҶ档
߰˴֮޷ʥҶޱ
ʥİ벽컯ҶǱˣûκ
Ҫ취롣
ֻˡ
УҶСèڶʱʩչͨΪȡһʱ䡣
ҶһһѪըսѪ춸سС
Ҷ׼ֱսѪǰħͨʥ׷ɱ
սѪֵɲǣѪ⽫ҶסɲǣһֻҶԸӦѪɫƾճ֡
߶䣬ҶսѪ򿪵Ѫɫ֮ţֱӻתħ硣
ҲһɲǣҶϣظ˾֮ɫ
ɣ


1830 
սѪ򿪵ͨҶѾùܶˡ
Ȼ˵ÿһζҪһʱ䣬ǴӴ򿪵Ҷȥٵʧʱ䣬ԲᳬϢʱ䡣
̣ҶѾϤˡ
죬սѪոմͨҶ׼ʱѪɫ֮ͻȻֹͣת
ֹͣת˵Ѫɫ֮ţԷٵٶɢš
ҶĿɿڴɵۡ
ЩаҶ棬ٴδ߶սѪ쿪ͨ
һΣһûʲôҸ㡣
һΣͨûɣͻȻŽˡ
ͷһԶգҶҧȵߣ
սѪ컯һѪתҶڵʱСèٴʩչͨա
յʱһ΢ɲ겨һš
һ֮һʥͳҶոʧĵط
ֳʹӰʥЩ⣬ͨѵ˵СоȻһСĴʥ
ⰡĻϷһΣ˵ͿԼһ©ඡ
˵䣬ʥٴδ߶ʹӰӰ⻪ſʱһ쳣ҫ۵ĹӰٴγŹӰ֮С
Ҳһɲǣʥ͵ػͷУŭȵʲôˣҿϷ򣿡
һĳʥĿ֮ʱƬƬݡ
ͬʱʥоһ겨һƵĻ»˷顣
ţʥʱͷӦ˹ϷǰֶΣ֡
δʧʥӰȴѾʧ
ͬһɲǣҶ鹬֮УԪ鰢ȴʧҵ죬ҵҶүֱˡ
֪ղſǶʲôҵҶүЩӣǸ׼һݾ˵ֱ
˵˻
һӳСǲ
Ԫ鰢໵Ĳҽһеķϻʧˣ鱦
ܵ۹Ԫһ鱦񾵡
񾵣ųƵ֮һܷǷɼ磬ռԳִơ
˵޺޵ӣûһöǿν۸ˡ
𰸣Ҷ˲Ϣ䵹һ
鱦
鱦÷ë۽ݣЩˡ
˵֮٣ޱȵϡ١
Ҷ֪Ǵܵ۹ӵе鱦ĿҲᳬһơ
ڣӣȻ鱦ԸҶ档
ֲãҶһ־͸ͶƵģʥˡ
ֲСèͨҲ˦ѣֲսѪͨ޷ʹˡ
ԭⱻ鱦񾵸˿ռ䡣
ˣСèѵ񾵣ķռ𣿶ҷʱСޣҶʵؼĵط
£Ҷ治ǵһһ̫
ҶүģҪ֪鱦̺ط鱦ԣһͨ񾳵ţֻҪܴ߶ãҲܹ﷽Բա
ʥİ벽컯УСķΧƶǧﷶΧ
ңҹƣʥõĿ϶񾵵ı壬ӦûֵС
ԣķΧǻеĴܶܶࡣ
Сԣ˵˺ܶࡣ
ǣΧķռ䣬Ͳܵ۹Ŀ𣿡Ҷ治
ֱܹӿͨ˲ֻ࣬ҪܱߵĿռ䣬ԴܵӰӦҲ
ңҲڴܵĽ򡣡
꣬ҶСèʩչͨͬʱ˼
ֱӶ鱦׷ѰҶ䣬ⷢһޱΣյźš
˵ǿ־ڱص֮ġ
ҪԻҶ֮ǰж֮ϡ
ǸƻԲ򵥡
ЩҶĿǰҪǵģĿǰҶҪǵǣ͸¶һޱΣյźš
鱦ˣǾ˵ҶڵΣѾΣյ˼㡣
һСģܾٲ֮
Ҷ浣ĵǣΪֹҶ滹֪Ϊ˶֡
Ȼ鱦ֶʥİ벽컯Ĵڣĸ֣Բ١
Ҷڵص״˺üµʱ䣬־ڱصãüµʱ䣬ǵһĸֹˣڴ˲޵
һˣҶ£ͱ亹͸ˡ
ˣôҶʱСèҴܣ͸ûʲô
ҲСèٶ㹻죬츳ͨޱȵҶûбס
ҶӴ˿϶һᣬΣվͻɱӡ
صףһԱȽϰȫĵط
Ҫǣ±ߴʱһ޼ʵҽҶǳȥѹûٻĿռ䣬ĿԸ
Сèȫɳǰ˼֮Ҷ˲Ϣ˾
ǸɳҶĿǰΨһĻᡣ
һҶʧĵص㣬ʥĳ֣һΣʥϵ飬ȴǸӵš
ǧһĿռͨƶ룬һΰǧ𣿼Ƿɿٶȣÿһֱƶ룬Ӧһҡ
ܺá
£ʥû׷Ҷ棬ó˼öĸݣδָӡ
ϣʥĸݣٴһе鱦񾵵ķҶǸ쳣Ĺٴγ֡
һͬϱߵģҶǰĹ㡣
ҪˡʥӰٴʧ


1831 ͵Ĵ
һΣΣΡ
ҶҵϿСèš
̵ʱڣҶѾ˿̶µƻԺϸ顣
ҵ⴦̫ˣֱ޴ɶ㡣
Ҷ֮ǰһ㣬ҽٶڣֻҪʥģһԵȵҶһ졣
ߣҶڵʳˮˣҶɲԸĿǾϸѡĽǧλӢĶڡ
£ҶΨһĻᣬɳ֮С
ɳθӣ̣ɳɽޣȻȴ㹻ռ䣬ԻʳˮĲ
ңҶţƾһ£ƾڵֻ̫Ҫ̵ľ۽أǰˣֳ鱦Ҳ޷Ҷҳ
Ҷš
ǣɳıԵҶڵλãٻ
ľ룬СèļٶȣҲʱʱ䡣
ǣʥҶʱ
СèʱǰٶȺܹɣʩչһԶݰǧ֮󣬻üٶȸٷʮϢʱ䣬ҲǴԼһǧ֮֮󣬻ٴʩչ顣
Сèͻ֮صΪ֮£Ƶʵʩչͨͼ޷УСèķǳ
ǸƵʵʩչͨСèĿɳֱ½
ҶѾ׼˾ҺһΣӦÿСèһʱ
ͬʱҶҲھԼŬСèḺشѾӳֵСèˣֻСèٶȣѾ΢ˡ
ЩŹ֣СèķƵʳ˰ϰϢʱ䣬֮ǰһֱ׷ҶƨɺʥȻһֱûнų֡
ҶȴһҲҴ⡣
СèھŴԺ㶨ƵʩչͨжݳɲǣҶɫͱˡ
ҶոնݳǰǧﴦһӰļ˹
Сӣܾˡ
ոʵҲСèжݳɲǣǸӰϾͱǿޱȵĵڵΪ
˫һ꣬һεʱɢ˷еԪǷˮһҵķ˲Ϣա
֮ǰ񾵣ǷһռϵСèͨõġ
ǰλڵߣҶһɲǣգһأȴСèͨҲ޷ʩչˡ
ŹͷڴʦֵɲǣҶûκξȡ
ЩҶԤ֮С
ҶһСèһСè˲Ϣٶᵽ˼ٶȣһȦܹǰʦ˻
ٶۣǰʦ׷Сèġ
ҶҪٶƿǰʦЦѾǰһһţٽҶǰѣ
ָᵯһķɳȻСèǰըһȼŽɫ渲ߴ﷽Բľ޴磬ͺبҶǰ
Сӣһ
ЦУʦ˫һΣ·޵һ͸Ҷ棬ȻҶ档
Ҫû֡
ңҶʥǰֳʵϢֻأֻı¶һѣ߹Ҷ棬ôһҪҶ£Ի
ҶһεĻᣬҲҶ׼˵ġ
Ҳ޵һӰҶʱڼɵСèϵҶ棬ͻȻʧ
ӡ
ҶٴγֵɲǣѾλڵĴʦ
ʦһ䣬ȻתɲǣһˮͰϸɫ׹⣬Դй¡
׹йϵʱ򣬺¡¡Ĺ쳹
ף
һǾ̫ͻأˡ
ʦĻ׸ɲǣͺĻףһ˿߾Źͷλʦѡ
һɲǣʦǰһٴͻأʧҶ棬͵سһֵģһֻźɫϢȭͷϲ۵ȭ
ǿֲٶȣֻȭͷһŴʯһλʦ
Ĺͷѵ쳹ѪҲʦп
Ĵʦдʱд˲˼֮ɫ
ôҲ޷ţһһصߣȻܹ˵
ƽʱ˵ȥЦ˵Ĵȴеķˡ
ⲻܡ
ûʲôܵġ
ǿ֮ԿֲǾǿԵһطΪԼá
طĲ룬ǿߵĹޱȵĿֲ
ǣûлطʱ򣬾ͻв
ҶͻһǾףʱʧȥ˵ط
ҶȻܸش
õĺȭʩչһ㡣
ǵһ̶ȣȭһȭȥͿɽѵء
ΪԽߣȭԽ
˵Ҷĺɵʱ򣬺ȭҲﵽһֲĳ̶ȣ˵ʺϽսȭΪ
ЩҲҶãĿǰܹ˵ǿߵս
Ц䣬ٴηҶ׷Ҷͷ׹޹⻪һһʦͷ¡
ʦѾ֪˾׵ǻûдҶոһȭشлָ
ٴαй£ǵʦھ׵ĺ£ҲǲѣĿѾ͡
Ҫǣ׶ż˺Ԫ飬ھ׵ĺ£Ҳ⵽׻
Ҷȷʵ˺ǿߣǵڵǿߣ˺Ǻ޵ģӰʱ䣬Ϣ
ԣ׺ɲǣҶĺ־Ѿ
Ҷ֣ʵҶзɳŹ㡣
ȴģǾͷǼѪ˻
˻УͷͳλʦӰ£ſԴɾ޴ĴĲȥ
ͬʱſԴҧλʦľŴҪ
ͷһҲ䲻ɡ
ҧסλʦ֫ҪͬʱһԴݺݵҧʦ塣
ʦȷʵһֽǣȱԾͷǿֲҧҲ޷ҧ֫
ǣҲ޷塣
һ
ͷδľ׽һ⣬λʦһ춯صĲҽüǶ鴤
쵰ҡһҪ
ݻû˵꣬λʦ˵ˡ
ǧĺɫϸϸ֣˲ϢͲȫÿһɫĴϱߣϸСľݡ
һɿ䶯ţиƤҪѨλ˲ϢͽҪѨ˴롣
ֵ֮ʣλʦ˫Ŀŭɣֲ糱ˮһ㱬˲ϢͽոձҪѨ˴롣
£Ϳ
Ҳڴʱ˶ȭͷͬʱ̫ҪѨԺҪѨҪ
˵ĹͷɲǣλʦԴͬʱʼ𵴵ˮһ㣬ƾҵĻζ
̫Ѩ౻ͬʱػԭ
һɲǣʦоԽڿҲķӦ˰ġ
ǸʥʥƺʥҶ˵ֺϻ
ÿһεĴλǿĵڵʦ״̬޷Чķ
ǣҶߵɱУûꡣ
һ·꺮һĽ⣬˲Ϣ䱬ٵ÷ÿһ÷׼ȷޱȵĺʦҪѨ֮С
һ亮÷Ǳ꺮ҪǱɷҪѨɲǣʱλʦҪԷٵʢޱȵĻΪ֮һ
ʦηɰ׵Ǳɷ
ҶԺ󽣹ɳɽֻ΢΢һȦλʦĻǼƷףͺȻ顣
ƺʥĺɫ˿һĴ֣һͬһ㣬ʦҪѨ
һΣųϵҪѨƺʥסˡ
һɽ͵طɳλʦһףնɱ
ҲһɲǣҶһ
նΪ̣ɽ㣬ʦҪѨƵͬʱҶѾϡ
λʦ֫׵Ժȭϡ
ͬʱ׹Ϲ⻪һһ׾ֱ˵ĺλʦţֱӺλʦ
λԪĴʦʧΪ֮һ
һҶѾλʦţԴԴϵľ׾һǽһǵĺλʦ
λʦǿԪǾ֮⣬׵£Ԫ鶫أҽвѣѹ޷
죡
Ҷ漲ɲǣոձҶƳսľʥʥƺʥʦηɰ׻оͷ棬ȫ˹
۹ɲǣҶֻһ֣λոձƳϢĹ򣬾ٴαҶսڣʧӰ١
һʧģбҶܿסλʦ
Сһｻˣ
ռڣλʦŴǰ
Ҷףһһĺ鹬ڣ˵ǷԪ鶼ʼҽϵı
һǴ󲹰СˮУʮ÷ԪСĿ£λʦĵҪԷ٣ͬˮһ㱻Ҷڡ
СèѾҶĿ£ͨ˲䷢
ʧɲǣҶкݺݵıһָ
λʦҶ͸ĵһݴ


1832 Ͷ
΢һͻȻ伫΢Ĳһ£벽컯ǿʥͻأĴ˳
ɲǣʥͼŵһֻĸ˵ŵ¼ѾǸСµˣǿ򼯽ᡭ
˵һ룬ʥסˡ
ôû˰
ʥĿǿִڸ߿֮Уоޱȵǿ󣬳ֵһɲǣʥȷһ¡Բ֮ڣûһˡ
ˣԲǧ֮ڣҲûʲôҵ
ǣ֮ǰʥͨ񾵷֣ʦŵ¼ｫǵĿϵġ
һصСһһλʦסˣԲеڶ
ҶǷͬ˵ٶȣʥģ˵սҲпܵġ
һʥе鱦񾵷˹⻪
֮УһƬУֹ⻪Ǻɫ
ʱ֮Уֻһ⣬ֻҶ档
ʱһģڲͣǰǰţӦǻӡ
ʥüͷСôڇNɪ
ָӲֺΧҶ棬Իһʱ䣬׷ľһ㡣
ǣŵ¼Ѿסˣ
һʦŵ¼ʥ͵ؾѹˣʦŵ¼أ
ǶסҶˣ
ܵģʥĿͶ񾵷
ɨһۣʥ۽Ǿ͵زһ£һ亹
ľһ³
һ
񾵷ϣԭ߸㣬ʦһǵĿꡣ
ڣȴֻˣ
Ĵʦ񾵷˸ӡһɨʥ֪ǸˣҶĴʦŵ¼
£Ҫ񾵵ļӣֻԭ
һǱ뿪һ߳񾵵ļӷΧⲢܡ
ǧ﷽ԲĿռͨѾ񾵸ˣһأѾ񾵵ļ֮¡
Ҷ滹Ǵʦŵ¼ô̵ʱ뿪ʦŵ¼뿪
һܣǡ䣡
ʦŵ¼Ѿ䣬ɢˣ鱦ţƣҲɲܼһѾڵˡ
ô̵ʱ䡭
ʥͷ亹ˣŵ¼֪ͨϵҲʮϢʱ䡣
ʮϢʱɵһλʦʥ벽컯ҪЩѶȡ
Сģ
֪ͨСģԷһλءԶ񾵼ӵĸˣ
ˣϾͽ飬ñƣ
⼸仰ʥ˵ޱȡ
⣬Ҳʥúжϡ
鱦ϣҲһЩ챦ڱ񾵵ļӡ
Ϣ֮ʥָ£ʦʥһ
̫ϣûκη֣
ʥһڵĸľ̿Ƶģ˼㣬ѿ˼㡣
ʲô»ûأʧһλʦĶ֪
ҪǣһʦͻȻʧʥͻȻһͶĸо
֮ǰǵĿ꣬һƻСѡ
ĴʦÿһϻֻҪµˣˡ
ڣȴЩʦɢȥҶˡ
¶ʦҲޱģȥ
飬ʦֻΧûжˡ
ŵĸоʥǳĲˬ
Ϊôһ϶ôԴ鱦ˣû뵽ȴһλʦ
ʥͷһĪа
۸ĴۣҪץסСӡע⣬Ԯδ֮ǰԷֿж
һʥе񾵣ر˴ĿĹ⻪ʥһˣͻȻȫʧ
ʥСĵԭأĴʦŵ¼ʧˣƶʮа˾ˡ
Ҫ֪ڲʮϢʱڣɵһλڵĴʦʥ벽컯ҲЩѶȣСġ
ʥ֪λŵ¼ĴʦҶģҪѪˡ
׼ȷ˵ʦŵ¼Ҷơ
ŵ¼Ҳû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼޱȿֲͨط
ֻǸҶ洴һֵʱ
λʦŵ¼ǱҶֵµַȺŹġ
ʥʦηɰסоͷ棬ԼɽҶڣڶ̶Ϣ֮ڣÿ˳ϰٴΣÿ˶֡ҲΨһ˺ŵ¼ͨط
ʦŵ¼أЩùˡ
˵Ҷ汻Ҷľ׺ʼʦŵ¼ʹ޷ֵ״̬
ƺʥ츳ͨס˴ʦŵ¼ôʦŵ¼ǰһᡣ
ʦŵ¼սʼûκλз
Ǵʦŵ¼ܹһΣսҪдˡ
ʵ˵ףǴʦŵ¼Ҷ棬Ҷ˿ɳ֮
λʦŵ¼֮ǰҪĻµùľҶˡ
ȻҲλʦŵ¼ù˭뵽һصСһȻֵܹǿ߲׷ء
֮ǰĿǳԵҶ
ŵ¼벻һˣҶ˲ϢԱһŶΧŹ
ʵ̫ˡ
˵Ҷ´ʦŵ¼һսǳĽҡ
ʵҶĴ㣬ֻþ׸ŵ¼һºݵģȻȡܵʱ䡣
Ҷû뵽ʦŵ¼Ȼ˴⣬һ¾˾׵ĵɴһݣҶͽʥ˳
Ҫ֪ʥЩһֱڿޣǵĿʱ䣬Ҷ滹Ҫ
ΪͻƵ˽
ҪǣΪҶṩԭʥѪѾ̫Ѫǿޱȵ츳ͨ
Ǿѵ츳ͨǸСè츳ͨ
Сèж
ƾһ츳ܹͨҶʥİ벽컯׷ɱ
ʥ˾ѵ츳֪ͨ
ڴʦŵ¼޷ȫ֣֪
ȻǰỹǴʦŵ¼ڱ״̬¡
ŵ¼лỹ֣ѾԵһطŵ¼ԻҶһޱ̵ļ䡣
ң飬ҪݵѶȣǳĴ
Ҳɹĸʥһ棡
ҲҶһƣֲ޼ɵһΧ׽Ҷ档
ҲֻҶӳĻᣡ

ԶСè񱼵Ҷ棬֮е¾պͻȻ΢Ļζһ¡
ҶĿͿǰеĳ
Ŀ⿴ȥɲǣҶͨСèʱͷͨҶʧ
ոմ߶鱦񾵴ʦֵʥܱûҶӰһ񾵣ͺˡ
ſҶλãȻ鱦񾵵Ŀռܣ͵Ҷǰߡ
ƵֱѪǣҶһֱ֡
ǸոյҶͻ˸֮ˡ
ǰǰϢʱ䶼ûУ
׷ҾͲˣʥ޺޵һţٴδ߶鱦񾵣ʦƾʧ


1833 첻
߿УСèһδʱ͹ˮëѾԵЩˡ
ëΪˮճһһŵģСèʧȥݵϣȥôǱ
ʵϣǱĿɲֹСèҶ档
ڵʦһλ벽컯Ĵ׷ɱСʱ䣬һ鱦ļҶĶ
ҶģܹţѾˡ
ʲôоһĴ֮ף
ǣ
мΣʥͲûһ־ͲҶԴˣѡ
ڣҶѾõĴͶˡ
㣬̫̫׼ˡ
ңҪǣΪֹСʱڣҶ滹ûаʥ׷ɱСèѾǿ֮ĩˡ
ǾҺСèѾˡ
ǣСèԣʩչ츳ͨĵĿɲĳ
ЩԿŵҩָܹġ
ʱСèĿǰ״̬໹֧Űʱ
Ψһ˾ǣһ֮ǰҶѾɳˣ±һ޼ʵĹɳ
ֻҶûҵ
е¾պٴ𶯣СèһͳĻٴδҶʧ
ͬһɲǣܻʥͻأĳ֣һˡ
׷ɱҶС죬ʥõķùˡ
Ĵʦ鱦͵ԶĵطһǰҶ档
ǣͶ֮£ֳֻܷǰҶ棬ͱһϹèӵˡ
ûдʦͱҶʥԶԶ˦ںˡ
ǵٶȲǿûСè츳ͨʥһֳһ鱦
˿̵ʥҲǱޱȡ
ͷİ׷ˮʪһһ̵ġ
û취벽컯Ϊڶ̶Сʱڣ鱦񾵴߶ǧΣҩͣĲʱԪҲŲȥˡ
ʥģʵǱġ
ٵܶʥˣɽһصСһǰȻһӻҡ
ʥ˿̺żΪʱѾˡ
ʥѾҶͼǾɳ
ҵ־֮Уûκ顣
񾵿һֱǳ׼ҶϢ
ɳڣͲһˡ
·ǳҲ飬дɳ档
һ׷дĵط񾵵׷ЧҪˡ
Ͼ鱦óǿռӳառռܣ׷١
񾵣ֻܹⷽռеλʾֻҪԸ⣬ڸʲôԿ
ȴ޷׷١
ȻܹõҶľѪӡֲһˡ
ԣʥʱż
һ鱦һλڵĴʦ£ûץĿ꣬ûҳ䡣
Ժĸ飿
ǸոմдܳӦǻûгɢǵռ䲨
ʥһֱѪĸо
ʵϣʥ²סҶ棬ٶȲǿռŲƾ벻
෴ģ鱦񾵵İʥֻҪԸ⣬ɲǼŲƳﶼǺɵġ
ÿһŲƣԺɵĶҶǰߡ
ǣҶ̫ˣ̫̫ˡ
ÿгһɲǣҶܹǰ֣֮ǰա
鱦񾵣ʥӶռ߶ݳҪô̵ܶһʱ䡣
һطٶٿ죬ٿ죬ҲҪһź͹ŵĶ
ʥԳҶǰߣŵʱҶͿԴ롣
ʥΡ
ҲԶҶʵٶȣȴץסҶԭ
ʵһ㣬ҶҲܾȡ
ʱ죬Ҷŷ֣¾պֵ
ǾԿһ鱦
һʥٴƾʧһΣʥû׷Ҷ棬ǳ˱˦ں󷽵λʦԡ
ûʱˣǱա
һΣһὫֱߵ򣬶ǸӣҪСģȫ䱸
ֻסʮϢֻҪʮϢʱ䣬˾ͻϵ
λʦصͷ֮ʣʥе񾵷һ֣λʦƾʧ
УҶɵĻͷһۣЩء
֮ǰ׷Уʥ½ҶƵǷǳߵģÿϢͻҶͷǰߡ
ŪҶǳǱ
һΣѾʮϢˣʥûг֣Ҷ
ҲڴʱҶе¾պٴһͬһʱ䣬Сèٴδ֮С
ǧľһţСèҶӿռͨгһɲǣеٴˮһ
ռ
ҶǰʮﴦһεĴʦɵ
ҶһɲǣʦʱͶǰһֻĸ˷ܵĴ
̫ϣҶµǸˣ
Сģϵ
ʥҧг˷ܵ
Ҷ˲ϢˣǻȥˣҪעһˣ֮ǰҶնɱʦŵ¼֮һֱҷֱ
ᣬȴƴˡ
ռ䱻ͨͲˡ
Сèȴûͣģٷš
Ҷʧǣλʦ׷Ҷ󣬵ȴһֱҶ汣ʮľ롣
ޱȵСģף㶼Ѿ֡
ٴնɱŵ¼նɱǰλʦѾˡ
ҶԴɲתţ˼֮ߡ
ռʵ˫ģҶ治ͨ뿪Ҳ޷ͨռִͨ
ȴԵִռ仹ûзǰȻٸϹٵΧҶ档
Ҷ֪ʱ䲻ˡ
벻֮½Ҫꪳɳˣ
һΣܲģܲģҶʦͣգʱ̱Ҷܱ߷ԲǱġ
ſֵܳ͵ϮҶûпɳ֮
ԶУѾԼԼһˣӦǸϹ֡
ڣֵĿж󣿡ҶѾĴˡ
ǣǷοʧͻὫοʧĵطһУһҲռȥȻһһ仰Ѿ˵ˡ
ѵǡף
ҶǸһ˿ɬ
һɲǣҶ澫һ
Ѿ;ĩ·ҶҲԲִУ
ʱ˿̣µȫ¶ҶҪΪԼһ
ȣ
̱Ǻ˵ɳζȻҶıǻҶһ
Ŀ⿴ȥɲǣҶͿɳԶֱʡ
ɳ
ɳĴɳ
ɳǵһӵʱҶͻȻ͹Ц
첻ң첻ң
ЦУҶϵСè͵صͷĺڻɫɳ֮У
ǳɳɲǣҶСèͬʱʧˡ
һͬʧģҶСèϢ


1834 ʦ
ɳڳУ紵Ҳһʥɫڵˡ
ʥĿĶе鱦񾵵ķϹ⻪ҿա
ɳɳ֮еӵص׾ҲһֻɳЫҲһɳݣҲһͷɳǣǵϢʱȫС
֮ǰʥһֱҶ֮еϢ½ɳ֮Уɳ֮ϢҲ֮ڡ
ʥֻҪһֱţǿ׷ҶϢġ
ڣϢпҾÿһɲǶελͱ仯
£ҪϢУҵҶǵϢʥҲ
֮ɳһҶϢ׷ˡ
濴Ǹһɳ֮Уʥ⡣
̫ϣǧȷȻһǸһͳɳ֮УϢʧˡ
ʩչʲôϢķţֿʩչжݷĳֲͨǰ׷Ҷλʦ˵ԼƲ⡣
ʥǶ˶ûԿʥͷ͵ؾ͹
һɲǣʥһư¡
Բʮ֮ڣʱͳ⣬һɲǼ䣬зĻɳͱ֭Һ¡
ûгϢʱ䣬ǵصĻɳڳٴβ˱ʥյĶʮ﷽ԲĿռ䣬ХţĻɳڳţ̶ļХ˷
֮ǰʥλ벽컯ҲΪ
ĳһϵط컯ˣת֮
ǣʥ
ԭʥ׷񾵿ҶϢɳһ񾵾ͳ˰衣
ʥҲ޷ȷҶ浽ʩչݷɳ֮Զʩչطˡ
һɳȻ
һΣʥҪѪˡ
̫ϣô죿һʦ̵
ô죿ô죿
ʥı䣬ģǱһһˣתһλʦ飬ˣ
ԶƻҲģڣҪȴҲҪ֡
ȥɳһǰϷҪʱ֪ɳص׵Ķ򡣾ԲǸһɳص롣
⣬ţڣܷɳɳݵı߾

˵䣬ʥһ´ÿһҶġ
ߣϷһΣ͸ˣһɳ֮вʥȵ
ʥ˵꣬һʦȴЩɻ̫ϣôõʱ䣬ܲһ
ˣֻҪ֮ڣҵǸһϷҲа취ҩ
¹ƣ
ʥĻʦĴһս
ңԸ飬ѾΪˡ

ʥǣҶɳǧֿܣȴ벻Ψһȷһ֡
ҶûʩչϢķţҲûжɳ֮нԶ롣
ֱӴСèתڣȻ黯һΪɳһӡ
ǴĮ磬ڻɳ֮УĿľԶ
Ҷ滹Ͳˣʥܿǵصɳ
ʮϢ֮Ҷ֤Լжȷġ
ʥûг֣ĳͱ⣬ڸٵķţͣıŷ
ǣҶԿ϶ǣⳡɳĴŴܵıɳݹεģûйɳҵ
ȷһ֮ҶɴǴĮɳ鷭δ֪Զ
ҶԼڸСèι˼Ʒ鵤СèϢָ֮һֱӳڱڣûĴʦŵ¼ǰ
ʱĴʦŵ¼Ѿһ
ͷ·һɫһ
ʮɫ÷Ԫ룬ڿĹ⻪ͣĽ͵СڣתΪСΪ
ʦŵ¼ǻСȡ֮תʮֵ͵ģֻܽһɣתΪСΪ
ǣʦŵ¼ʲôΪ
ڰ
СڵΪһɳһɳһתһ֣ܹСΪɱɱ
ĹСΪ;һըԵ
أ
߶÷˰ĹСΪֱӿ쭵˽أ⣬š
Сò˶ãΪܹ׷СèͷˡҶһľϲ
÷Ԫ롢С鹬֮£ȻܹЧ
֮䣬ܹСΪ쭵ء
飬˵ȥš
ףһΪ̫ˣһ̲£ֵΪڶʱ̫ˣѾ޷Ӧڵˡ
ҪһʱӦĿǰܼ
ڽɹ͵ڣûɣСͻ˵
ɳƶҶҲʥҵԼμ
һеɳ֮˵ɡ
֮Ҷеʱ䡣
ã
Ҷϥ£鹬֮еľ鹬СԶžı΢΢һ¡
˲ϢʹСԶžı֮УҶľ鹬֮С
鹬Ĺת䣬ҶͿʼԴԴֱעڵĺ
ͬʱҶΪۿɼٶȷ


1835 Ƭ
һλڵĴʦļֱֵ޷
½ʣ֮һСֻܽʦŵ¼֮һеİٷ֮ʮתΪҶΪ
ǳɹҲǼΪ˵ġ
ڶ̶ʱڣҶΪֱӴسڿ쭵۷塣
⣬ʣࡣ
ʱֳ֮࣬ˡ
ΪͻƵޣȡǵڵѪֻҪеѪûдﵽ֮ǰֻҪ㹻ΪͿޱȵͻơ
СһӴʦŵ¼ɵ㹻ԵΪֱͻƵ˽ء
ѹûκεƿģﵽˣΪͻˡ
Ҷȴֲһˡ
СתҶΪֱͻƵ۷塣
Ǵʦŵ¼ڵһʣġ
ʣҶ滹ĻãҲҶ潫ΪͻƵء
ǣؿڣҶΪֻܿˡ
Ϊﵽ۷֮ҪͻƵٴΪ
Ҷ浱Ϊͨ񾳾۷һ
ͻƣΪֻܿ
Ҷ潫ΪͻƵȴֲһ
ҶΪͨ񾳾۷ʱҶǿޱȵԪΪҶͻ·ҶѾǧ࣬ͻƵ
ʱͻƵȴֲһ
ؿʱҶǿޱȵԪ飬Ҷ潫ΪͻƵʱޱȵס
ҲΪͻƵҪһĴСϢƬ
ֻһƬһƬԼڣܳɹԼڿٳһӿռ߽С磬ߵһʵ廯ĳ֮ߵΪͿͻƵ
Ƭߴϵģǲȱ෴ģܶࡣ
ɵϣֻҪʮƷʯͿһƷǿȥСƬ
ҶԼµĶУҲƬĻڽףҶҪŪǷǳɵġ
ͻƽʱõƬĺûȴǻһ¹ԼСδɡ
ܴܲӽӿռ䡢ɳΪС磬ؼϡ
ڸƬЩͨĽߣԼڵȶĽȡģ׬һ졣
˵ʲôȼƬպСɳ߶ȣȷˡ
Щܱ˵Ľ׬ġԼڿٳƬպԼڵС磬˳Ϊ۷壬޷ɳΪСġ
ͬģͨСƬôԼڵСĳɳޣҲͶͨС硣
˿ԳһСƬǳɳֲһˡ
˵˵СƬڵСһܹɳΪС硣
ڵĿռĳɳһԴ飬ڴﵽһ̶֮ǰʮ޵ġ
˵ǽߣߵС磬ûдﵽͨСĳ̶ȡ
ҲͻƵһͨƬͻƵԭ
ΪǵҪĿģ֮·߸ԶΪͻƶͻƣֻҪΪͻƵͿˡ
ǣҶﲻһ
ҶƬҪһ͵ޡ
ǾٵͨСƬͻơ
ԭҲܼ򵥣һΪСһΪǰ
СĿǰҶľ鹬֮УȻ˵Ҷһ壬ǶСƻġ
Ҷһ˵ˮС磬СͿƾҶڵС磬ڲ˵޽ǳС
ǰ͸ˣļֵ̫ˣ˵Ǳ鵤ҪǿӲͨΪԽߣԽߡ
ҶҲɽա
ԣҶҪһȰȫεСֲûĸطԼڵСȫˡ
ԣΪԭҶǰһֿɵõĽƬҶҲá
ֿɵõĽƬǱ˵ģǴʦŵ¼ġ
ʦһѾεĽ磬磬Ҷɱ˴ʦŵ¼Ҳ޷õġ
Ϊڴʦŵ¼ɢһɲǣڵĽ磬ҲӦı
òĽ磬Ҷȴõʦŵ¼֮Ƭ
Ҳֹһ顣
ֻ֮ҪҶԸ⣬ھͿôʦŵ¼ĽƬͻƵ
ǣҶ治ͻƣͻƽǴ飬һγͣҲ޷ĵ顣
ٵһͨСƬͻƣҶҪ
ҶΪ۷壬Ǵʦŵ¼ڲһɰȴ˷ˡ
ҵڣСǵӦһܼ֮ˡ
ҶֻЩɻСתΪֻҶСЧ
ȴ޷õСè;ͷϡ
ҪǿԵĻǾˬˡ
ҶƣӦҶСһĹϵ
֮ǰĹȵСèѾٴαȡ
Сʦŵ¼ڵһ˿եɡɹΪغ֮Ҷһ˴ʦŵ¼Դŵ¼Ǳ׺òƵԪոӳͱҶսѪ˽ȥ
һޱȵѪ̣սѪ졣
󣬴ʦŵ¼ʬ壬ҶҲû˷ѣ־ӸһֱſˮСͷ档
Ŵʦŵ¼ʬСèͷ棬ҶͷͻȻһĪĺ⡣
֪ʲôʱѾĮˡ
Ҷǵãʱߵʬ壬ҶǲСèԵġ
ҶģΣҲΪͬı˳Ϊ޵ʳ
Ҷſ޶Сè̳Щ¶еߵʬ壬һֳͷ
ڣҶѾܶԴˣֻܵҡ
ֻҪǵ˵ʬ壬Ҷ涼ӸСè;ͷ档
Ҷ治֪һʲôı仯ԼԼ䣬ҶѾʧȥһЩʲô
ҶԼ̬ƺ߲ʹ̬Ϊתš
ǾûаûжԴֻغңֻغ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷҡͷ
Ҷ˵Ҳˣ
ǰȴͬ顣
Ҷջشʦŵ¼Ǿʬ壬ȴһ˵ɴ߲СڣֻǷöѡ
ͻȻ֮䣬ҶͷһޱȷƵĸо
һҶʦŵ¼Ĵָûп뿪飬ߡ
ɳ֪ʱѾͣˡ
ʱ飬ͻһĸھ׵ɳϣ΢΢ķš
Сķų֮ϣչԶ
ȷϷԲʮ֮
ҶСĶɳȻóһСͨѶŲ̣׼ϵһ±Ǳߡ
ʯǶ֮СͨѶŲ̵Ĺ⻪˸£ȻϨˡ
Ҷȴر䣬ǻûû𣿡


1836 Ѫδ
СͨѶŲ׳ɶԵģԶϵСͨѶŲϵͨŲƹʵֵġ
ԽźŲƹﵽϵĿġ
ҶСͨѶŲȴϵǱߣֻһܡռ䱻ˡ
ΪڱǱߵСŲרȫصģǻû취ϵҶ棬ҶȴԿʱصϵǡ
ͬʱҪʵֿռ˵ʥҪĴ½Ŀռˡ
һ㣬鱦Ҳ
ҪˣǿɾǾˡ
ֻҪɳԲǧĿռˣͿԴЧ
ɳ֮⣬һ
ȻСͨѶŲòˣôħͨҲ϶ǲеġ
ҵǣҶ뱱Ǳߣֻһϵʽ
ҶУżĸݡ
ĸݵϵһޱµѪӦռŲ޹ء
ܿģҶĸݹ⻪ʱ򣬾˹
Ǳһɣ
ˣһԭ飬Ҳ졣ѲǱߣҲûҹ鷳ش
ţǾͺãе飬ҪһʱܻȥΪĳЩԭСͨѶŲѾ޷ϵˣ£ֱĸϵҡҶ˵
ԣһˣΣˣҪҪֹȥ
ãտü鷳㲻ʲôҶЦ
֮ҶڽкˮĺǺĸ֮óһֻĸݣЩԥ
ص˼˼ϢҶԺСèͷʦŵ¼Ρ
Ѿľ𣿡
ûУ
˵ңаԴģ
ĻشУҶᶨļǰһֻĸݣڵȴ˰֮ĸݵĹ⻪
СӣȥǻˣһʧһࣿôϷˣĪʲô鷳ҪϷ㣿ܻʹڼܹ㳯
˵ģܹܣСӺ񲢲ȫÿ㶼ڴ鷳ҶЦ
ѵԼ룡
һΣӦ㲻ϡҶƤеҲסӡ
ޣ£˵㳯ɣȥܺá
ҷһΪ飬λйءҶ˵
ҶĻ䣬㳯Ļͱõͳλйص飬ȷǵ;˵
һλʥİ벽컯׿˵ģңʥĿǰΪ±Ҷ˵
ʲôʥǸϲĸˣȷ𣿡
ɣħħĶԽһ˰
Ҷ仰أ㳯ͱޱõģ£ǳҪڣµϸλáսȫ¼ӳַ֮СͨѶŲ͹סһϸڶ¡
ҶЦ
ʲô˼㳯ʱ͸˰˶ȡ
ʥǶ鱦񾵣һռ䣬ܺϵķʽĸݡҶ˵
ǾȻ鱦񾵣㳯͵صһ˵Сӣ֪ôʥǸϲģ׷ɱɣ
ʥ
ԣ㳯ٴεһ
СӣܹϷϲôţҪϷæǷϷڶˡ
ʱôܹæӦֻǾϢ¹شҪͨϡҶ˵
ãԵһ£ϷȻȥ¸ǰź򡣡
Ϣ֮㳯ٴ𣬡˵ɣ˵þϸ㡣
ҶһһʮĽйλ׼ļƻЩϢ׷ţһһ˵
Ҷζ׷ɱӳģһЩʷ㳯Ҳˡ
֪Ҷû˵ģ϶ԼܵܣҲû׷ʡ
֮㳯Ѿޱȵأ鱨Ҫ漰飬ǳĸӣһãᵼ´䡣
飬Ϸ֮⣬ûи߱˰ɣ
ûУҾֻϵϡ
Ǻã£ٲҪˡ˵㳯ͻһ٣˾ԤǲǷ飿
ţôˣ
¸Ǽסһ㣬Ҫ˵ѾϷ𣿡㳯
ס
ţˣ㱻ɳĲҪϷİ㳯ٴʵ
ʱҪ򲻵ѣҲˣҿɲ뽫Լֱӱ¶Ҷ˵
СӺﾫﾫģסŲȥˣһʱ֪ͨϷ򡣡㳯
Ҽסˡ
֮ҶֽҪ鱨֪ͨ˴˾Ԥ
ߵķӦ㳯Ҫ
Ҷ棬ԣлᣬϣܹ鱨飬ܹ̽̽⹫ұ֤һһƷûʲôġ
˵꣬˾ԤЩ̫ˣȻܹ֤ȫǰ£Ҳ
֪ˣ
ɳ飬Ҫ֪ͨңȥӦ㡣˾Ԥ˵
л˾ĺ⣬ҪһġҶ˵

һУĸݣҶ泤һͷһɵĸо
ܹͨٷ鱨߸ˣǶǴҶ沢֪ʲôƻʲôıʲôĴ䣬ҶҲ֪
ǣΣھ֮Ҷ沢ûѪĮӶ
Ҷģһˡ
Ѫԡδ䣡

ͷظдɹҶͿʼһ¡

Ҷ淽žܾڼܹ㳯Ѳ˾˾ԤİæǾ˼ǵģ֮
ЩλĻ޵Ͳ˵ˣЩҶޱȵļɵ
벽컯ʥλڵĴʦЩҶԣɻԻѹԵġ
һǷҶʵݣԣҶһУΪǴĶ
Сµȵȡ
һҶ㳯ԤôҶݣб¶Ŀܡ
ҶɲھͳΪص
ʱռ䣬Ҷ汾µǸʱ̡
ֻҪٸҶһЩʱķչҶԺ޷ԿԱǲġ
Ҷܾ㳯Ԥʵԭ
ҶҪ뿪ɳ»صܱɳݣ·ġ
鱦ڣҶҪǸҴӿ·뿪Ǿ
ص׵ĻҲһ򣬵֮ǰڼܹҶһ䡣
鱦񾵶ļӣȫλġ
µˮܷӦϱߡ
ԣ㳯Ҷ棬Ҫ벻鱦񾵷쳣õİ취˶ĵط졣
һڵص׼ƶֵĿԺܴ
˶ĵطɳľۼؽӽҶĵһ


1837 ɳ
ڴĮɳ֮УһҪҵɳľۼػޣǷǳѵġ
鱦Խɳһϸڳϱߣ򣬾ǵǿշѰңҲҪѺܴĹ׼ȷҵޡ
⾫ͨľͨҶԣȴʲô̫ѵ顣
СֻҪϵɳĮͿԸӦĸľϵˮϵΪʢ
Ǿۼػޣ벻ˮֲҵľֲˮķȻҲҵ޻ɳľۼء
ǾԶʱСֻܸһµǰ
һ·ǰСʱʱĸӦ£򲻶ϵţԽԽ׼
ΨһҶٶȲ̫졣
ͷи鱦ţҶٶ̫ˣ϶ߵע⡣
ԣҶֻСĽٶȱڽΪߵٶˮ׼һʱҲ
Ҫ֪ҶΪͻƵ۷֮󣬾ܸһĽ羫ܷӳ
ʩչһεʱû䣬Ҳôʮ֮һɲǶǾȴʮʮ
ͬʱͨķٶҲȫʩչ֮£羫ҶٶȫԳԽ۷ߣȰ벽ߵٶȻҪ졣
ڣҶ治òСġ
һιʥԸ»ֻ಻١
󣬵Сһνϵ̽ɳ֮иӦʱͻȻ;ϲ˵ףǰǧżΪŨľˮһֱֱоͺá
ڴĮпҶ棬˿ѾǱޱȡ
ò˵ڴĮɳгʱ棬˵ͨˣҲѶȱ
ǧľ룬ҶԣӳͷĹѡ
ӹһƽɳɽԶͻȻͳǵޣжһʪϢ룬һȥģСľۼأġ
˼һ£Ҷʩչݣӵص׶Ǵۼء
ɳˣǼΪ͵˵ġ
ҶóȻȥܻ²Ҫ鷳
ң֪ûжĿ
еĻҶˣһΪĿص㻳ɶ
ʩչתһȦۼصҶ˽ˡ
ɳһСͲ䡣
ڴܵѲ˾鱨¼УɳĲΪ͡͡СͲ䡣
СͲ˿һ㲻ᳬʮˣɳ֮УСͲġ
˿ڳʮ˵ɳ岿䣬ᱻΪͲ䣬Ͳ䣬ɳ֮оڱȽǿĲˡ
˿ʮ򵽰֮䣬ռݵ滷Ҳá
ڴɳ岿䣬˿ڳĿģĲȴࡣ
ɳӵ̬˲ܻ˿Ŀ̫ĴͲ䡣
ǣҲɳޱȶӵ̬ɳ֮ϵӵĽܡ
Ҳɴ˶һΪĵط
УͷǸͷˣȴͳΣҲɳ岿ѵԭ
ǰɳ岿䣬Ϊɳ䣬˿ڰ˾
ʩչڵصתһȦ֮Ҷ׵ȡ׾ɳɫķΡ
߶䣬̫һɫڣɳẺӾƾճ֡
ǼֻסҪλɳ͵ɳһصصɳ庺Ӿͳ˾ۼصıԵ
һᣬҶǿޱȵҶ淢һڴޱȵɳ
Ҷ翸һ˼пڵĴ󵶣ʹҡڵ̤䡣
ɳˣȵĿҶǱĴûйעˡ
Ҷһ·Ͽɳˣһ촽ѡ
ȱˮ֢״
Ҷһ³£ܹһǧõʳˮ
һ֮ҶɳˮԴأҲΨһһˮĵطɳ
ɳܱפϰʿһɱĽɳսʿפز˵ɳصܱ߶һֻƹϢţȻҶԪ鶼޷͸
ܿģҶ͸ĹأɳÿȡһСͰʮˮҪˮҪúɳʯֻԴ
һͰɳĺɳԻһͰˮʮƷʯҲԻһͰˮ
˵ʵһͰˮһٽʮƷʯ۸ý޷ˡ
ĿǰҶԣʯ⣬Ͳ⡣
ǣҶ滨һǧƷʯһͰˮ֮ЩҶĿЩԾġ
ɳУҶĺࡣ
Ҷɢ۷ϢЩɳ˱ȽϼɵĻЩ˴ʱѾΧˡ
ɳ˵ı뺷ɲ˵ġ
Ҷϵ뿪ǰȥɹʳ
ʳɺ󣬵ʯҲӲͨ
˵ǣˮʳﻹǺܺûõģܶɳ˶ڶۣɳ棬ɳ׵ȵȣڸиõԼϡٵʳͷǳˡ
һʮϰٽҶڻƷʯ֮ڱɳ˳ɹĶ֮֮ǰҶѯʵһͲķ׼뿪
̤䣬ߵ޵ʱһȴҶĿ⡣
һĸŮˣһһϢˣһɫ·Ļɫ۷ǰͣĿͷ
Ѿݸɣ촽ţĸŮʣµģֻ˻ƵİͿͣĿͷ
촽ţ˵ʲôȴһҲ˵
ǵıһƬƵ磬Χ֮зɫ磬γĶԱȡ
˾ˣˣȾҼˣȾҼҵɣҼ˺ˣһ͸Ĺ㣡
ˣ
˾үˣ˵ţǸ긾ŮȥǼ˾ү⣬ȴǸ˾һŸ߿ˡ

ûйʩչķȫңΰɣһæء
˵ţǼ˾ĿͿܱΧ۵ɳˣ˭컹ҪˮеĻϽϹڣû˵Ļͱ˷ʱ䡣
ɳ˿ڣ긾Ůȥ˾ү󷢴ȱֻҪҼ˻Ҽҵﻺ죬һܹ㹻Ĺ
һΣɳ˾ȴû߷긾Ůһ£첹ǲܵġҲ˵Ҳǻ·ֻҪǴӦˣϾͰ˾
⻰ɳ帾Ůʱϲؿͷл˾ү󷢴ȱҪô˾үֱԣֻҪһ
ܼ򵥣һŮүҿˣǸߣҾ;ˣңֻҪܹķңҵԺˮＸΡɳ˾ɳ帾ŮһԶŮٺЦ
ʱҶע⵽ɳ帾ŮһŮһһСҲȫӣϸȣʰһ£Բ
ɳ帾ŮˣһϢ͵ؼһˡ
һԶŮ˳ĺ󱳵Ĵޡ
ɳ帾Ůһ£ۿлһθɬεĿˮ˾үɳȷɳСʮ갡


1838 ʹ
ССźðүϲСģ
ɳ帾Ůɵİɳ˾ٴοˮֱĺٺЦ
⻧˼ҵŮɳɳǴѾá
ֱ˵⻧˼ҵȱˮ⣬ʵֽţ⻧ϼϵĹˮݣȴ̶ֻµһ룬粻ήŹ֡
ǵͬⲻͬ⣿ͬĻүҾҪˣһιʮˡ˵䣬ɳ˾ߡ
ɳ帾ŮҲĸװɼˣɷٿһոճ꣬һûгŮ絶Ϊѡ
ͬ⣬ŮͿܳΪңҲɢˡ
ŮûˣҪʲô
ǲͬ⣬ɷͻȥҲûԴŮ³Ҳòȥ
ү㷢ȱһŮǰɣˣĸװɹΨһϣ
ɳ˾ЦһȾߡ
Ȱ˵ʲôŮɳɳȾ˫˫˵ɳ˾ǰ˾үԸȥ㣬Ⱦǵİˣ
״ɳ˾һЦķֵ·λϣɳļ֤£λŮԸģҿһ㶼ûǿǡ
һ֣ͽ۵Ů§˻
˾ֱһϢ۾ŭ˹ȥΪһףǾԲԸҲ뿴ԼŮΪ˵ġ
ĸװȴǳɵˣˣѾ֪Ӧôѡˡ
һĻҶظУһѪֱš
ҶĿǰĴ£ҶõǳţĮȻ߹͵ûпһ㡣
ȫġ
ǣҶǵԼĵĳ嶯ĺԣµĲƽ£̫ˣҶ治񣬾Ҳܲ
ǣֻҪˣͻ̤ƽƽ£
ҵѪδ䣡
һҶһ̤ͳѾΪʹȥԡ
ţ
ɳ˾߳һҶһ̽Ҷ֪ڵˡ
۹ȣģʲô󲡣ǲεĻȴҲŲˡ
һɻľˮĳӵڣǼͶתһȦȾȥ˴룬ϢҲƽ˳
֢״ͻ˴룬ѪҲƽ˳ˡ
ȿˮһ죬ܹùˡҶһˮҡ
ѹɳӲûнҶˮңŮ˵ȡȣǿҲȥ
˾Ѿٸˣǲ֪𣿡
Ů״ɳ˾סˣҵȫҶΪ𣿡
˵꣬һƵĶҶ棬ˣҹ˾飬ӲС
Ϊιܲãˣ۾಻ɳӣⲻƽ£ҪһܣҶЦ
ɳ֮Уģɳӣκ˶޷ⱻɳۡɳϣǲһɳ˫۵˼ƽϵġ
ҪΪԵʣһĿڣʱ򣬾ɳҲԭ㣬ںηɳ񶼻ήǿĳͷ
ʱһĻȴΧ۵ɳɫ䣬֮ǰĸװŮɳɳȣʲôһȻ
ɳȣɳȣǻǵĸÿʡˮأٴزεĻ;뿪
һŮͱޱȵıʹ
Ҫˣ׽ÿˮȫȴǱˮнز
ǣƬһҵϣ
ʧȥ룬һңֻ·һ
ˣθǣ޷˾޴һƬġ
Ǹһϣܹǵģֻɳ
°ɣɳڣֻҪ㹻ϣǻԭġֳ䵱
𣿡
ҶǸֳһ˿Ц̤룬˫չ̹ɢ
ͬһɲǣǿήļҪȥ磬ۿɼٶȾ
һֱͦȻ󣬽ӽݻƵĶһɫȫ̡
ʮϢ֮⸽һٶĶѾȫˮ鲻˵ƻܱ߰θһء
飬ҶԼûʲôо
ΪҶԣڶİ֮󣬾̫ˡ
޵·һĵºӡ
޷յºӵˮݵģطȡ֮󣬾ͿԱĹЩˡ
߶ԣĵˮ׼ȷ͵ѡ
ҶԣҶ涯֣СǷĸϵصףøϵһֱĶ̸ֱӽˮ˹ȥ
һ˲͹硣
͹ȥˮУ̺һ˿΢ľ˲ϢЩҪήֵġ
ҶԼģ̫ˡ
ܱΧ۵һɳˣɡɳȡɳһĿڣ˾ڣ¶һ顣
׼ȷ˵ֻм˾¶Ǽһ飬ɳˣҶĿ⣬ѾޱȵĿȡ
ԭܼ򵥣ƽʱ˾Ҳˮ硣
Ǽ˾ˮ֮һ֮ҲɫҲɫάѡ
Ҷ֮˼Ӱˮ顢ֵδֹ
ûгֹ
һУɳУһʱǷˣ
Ҳ֪˭һͷܱΧ۵ĽǧɳˣͨͨĳҶȥ
ʹϣ
ΰɳûǣʹǡ
ʹϣ
ǧ˹һƬһЩߣһĿڣȫҶǸŰ壬ҲҶǹŰѾɳĮбˡ
ȻҲԸɾȥ
Щɳˣһǿһˣ׵Ҷֱӷëˡ
Ŵ˾Ǹ˾ɫޱȹ죬һ£˲ڿնȥ
Ҷ׷ǰȶЩɳ˱סˣҶѺףһþͻ˵ˡ
ҶֻĿ뿪
ʹȾǣ񼣣Ⱦǵ
һɳ˹ҶΧס
Ȼ˵󣬵ȴޱȵĿȣҶĿ⣬ڿǵһ㡣
ò˵ɳ滷ĺܶӡ
һҵǿҪήˣ˼ҵȻе⣬ǳҲԶˡ
ڸһҵ糤Ƴ£͸һ㡣
ܹ֮ͣ飬ҶǺԸġ
Ͼˮᵽ׼ȷ͵УСԣǳԷˮһ򵥡
ÿ
ҶͺһЩɳ˾ʥּһһٶԶҶ棬Ȼߣһ϶ֿȵĿĶҶ档
һɲǣҶһ̤Ų̤֮׷ۿɼٶֱͦô̶ͦΣ
ǼĹ򣬷Բʮͱôޱȣ
ߵɳˣʱҲ̲סͷļһɳ˰ݼɳǣ˫۽ͷҶ
֣ʹϣ
ʹϣ
ʹϣ

ȶ߰ĺ˲Ϣʹɳ䣬ԽԽɳ˾ۼ
һ̣ҶĪİ
֮ǰؿڵķƳ׵ɢ
һɲǣҶģҵңҵġ
ҵǿŲĳϵġ
Ҳ֮ģ
ܵģ˵ʶģҶУֻʣЩƲǿήܱ߲һɫٿĸɳĮֲ
̹ŲӰҶ֮ԲǧеɳĮֲȫήɳɳסʲݡ󡢺ȫ
ɳܱߣʱ̹£
Ҷͣ½Ųʱ߰ºɳŮף׷ϵˣҶΰݣȵɺš
ʹ
ʹϣʹ
ʹ
һ˵ǰͷһŲĺߣĳҶźɳͷ˺ӭʹ٣
Ҷ滹ע⵽ǲͷɳߣ֮ǰҶˮĴҶɳߣʱҲ
һĿȶҶ棬ۼˮźʹ


1839 
ʹȱԻлΰĻǺɳ䡣
ϵ£־Ϊף𸻶ʹǺɳ䣬Ը⽫ϵ׸ʹɳ䣬ԳΪʹΪ٣
ʹǵϵ͹ɣ
ɳͷ˺ӳ϶ԣЩ׶ģ˿̣һϣȻ׶ĺɫŷһĹ⻪
Уɳͷ˺ϥеҶǰ˫ҶմɳĹŰ壬ԥȥ
һ̣ҶЩ¡
Ǵӵصװȡ˴ˮݣ÷Բǧڵֲѡ
֮Ͱˡ
ҶԼûжʲôСһЩ΢ѣɵûĵ
ͨһ£ô˲ϢͱɳΪĻʹˣ
ңЩɳ˰ɳͷڣһޱȵĿϣߺҶ棬һ鼤ӯΧҶߣҶ˫ɾĴŰ塣
Ǻɳͷ˺ɳͷɳߣʱһҲ΢һ㣬ϥеҶǰһޱȵҶĽű
ĵȶȣ䵽ҶűϵᣬҶܵǵȡ
Ҷޱȵ𾪡
Ҫ֪ߣںĴ½Ѿǿ߷ˣǷڴܣǲμʥʼ¡ҲֻҪϥؾͿԡ
ڣλɳߣȴΪֻ۷ҶǰҶĽ档
Ҫڴܣ񶼲顣
ҶѾշսѲ񽫷İˣҶҲҸ
ɳȴ˳Ȼ
λ֮λɳߣһޱȵҶĽ档
ҶѹҶĽϣѾ˿ˮỹɳӵĻ塣
ǣȴûһɳҶϵɳӣ˭ҶĽʱܹһɳӣǾ͸õĶһ㣬ϲޱȣСĺ¸ˡ
һΣҶʵ鵽Ŀֲ
Ҷһ鵽ķǻת½ʱʿΪ˱ʥ壬ڼ˾ָ£ԥԼ׼
һΣֲֿĶȴҶ档
ָо䲻ͬҶģʱǷķһЩɳΪ
Щɳˣüͷһ¡
𺳹ҶȴЩˡ
ЩҶ浱ɳʹɳ˿ûʲôоҶȴЩܲ˵ġ
ĽʱĿˮᣬЩɳˣֱͷȥġ
ʪĸоҶܲˡ
Ƕġ
϶£ܵģֻʥѹ޷
ֻҶϣЩܲ˰ˡ
ңżˣɳ˿ڣʱۼĿѾ˰ˣѹѹһƬ
ɳƣƺֻҪҶ治ԣ޲ÿ˶Ҷһ¡
Ҫ׵¡
䣬Ҷʹɳ˶еľʽ
ҲҶ漴ڽɲǣҶڵԪ飬ͻȻһ
ԭֻһСԪ飬ͻȻһ£ôСһСأ
ֱ仯˲ͽҶˡ
Ҷ𾪣ԭġ
ԴǰҶԪ֮ҶԪͷɫԪ飬ҶԪΪǷǳġ
ûĸţһݶǿԵġ
ʱռʱ䣬ʱڣҶʵϵĿ޵ʱߴʮϡ
ÿһõǶƷ鵤ҶԪΪʮĿУҲǴһѡ
˵ޱȵĻ
ߵԪ֮ԪǿҪ㣬һԪƷףɫԪɫǿɫԪɫǿ
ȻǿԪĴС
ͬƷ׵£һԪ飬ԱǿıһԪǿ
ԪСǸ߶ȵ
ߵԪ飬һС౶߱ӰÿһǴӸ߶ȵȡȵһ
Ԫ鳤һ磬ǸˣӤһԪ峤һ㣬һۺϵ
ԣԪΪǳĻ
ҶǵúԪһʱɵʱʱռڿʮ֮֮ǰʱڿʱ䡣
һʮʱ䣬ŽԪһ
ڣһĹҶԪʹһ
Сʮ֮һʮ֮һҶѾԸӦԼ鱦Ĵ߶Ϳǿ˼ɡ
Ҷ澪ǣԪ֮󣬻ڲͣţٶȣҶĸоУ·ò˶ãܹҶԪ
ǧߣ
仰ľߵԪΪٶȣһһ磬һǧһߣⶼǿˡ
ңٶָߵɫԪ顣
ɫԪ飬ҪͬĵʱԻᱶ
˺棬ÿһԪʱĻۡ
ڣҶɫԪ飬ȴڼ̵ʱʮʮ궼ܹɵ
Ҷ沢Ǳˡ
Ϊһ̣Щɳ϶Ĥ֮⣬ûκβһ¼
ѵ
֮࣬Ҷʹ˽⾴ʽͷתѯԪ鰢
ô£Ҷʵ
Ҷүģײˣ֪𣿿ߣɳһȫһߡ˵
ߣʲô˼Ҷʵ
֪ǰӹͽҪʲôΪľ֮֮
ؼǿ֮ӵи컻صؼΨһԺ֮Կ
ͬʱҲЩϲҲǳΪ컯ռİأ˵
Ҷͫ͵һ˵ӵ֮ͿԳΪ컯ˣ
үģ̫
ӳ鶯𣬡ô˵أСѵ
ҶүҶүҴˣһƣֻǳΪ컯˵Ĺؼ֮һ˵ӵܹΪ컯ˡ
׳Ԫ飿Ҷɻ
û
ȹԪ飬ָԪƣԪΪЩ񰡣ͽͽеû¸ɣʵΪľ֮˵
ͷ֮࣬ҶȻ½һ顣
½ѾƳڸ½չݡ
˿ڻаٷ֮һİչңҲɳ˵İ򱶣Ϊʲôôˣûܵһһ˿ĺôأҶʵ
ʵ漰֮İأ


1840 ֻԸ޿
֮ģģУ֮
ðĻ˵Ҫ֮˵ڸƽȥ㡢㣬ܹ֮ˡ
ҪĻõŷôͽɳʦʦʦ£ʥ
֮עصǷģϿɣ㣬ܴջôһ֮
ðǴһĻ˵Ҷ½Ϊڸ㽨ȥҲʽ
֮ĿԣǳС
żһ֮ҲٵĿ
ȻҲֻǰ򵥵һ˵֮ǳ¸ӣǧԽġ
Ҷ챻ʮɳɳΪɳʹ׷׸жĤݡ
ΪЩɳˣȫǿߵԭ
ߣħħϲͽ
һߣԵֵϳǧͨͽࡣ
ߣϵ˼⣬һȷϣǾǷ޵ߡԷһеͽ
ǰЩɳˣȷҶΪɳʹ֮󣬾ͳ׵ķˣȼˣҶϳĿеĻΪ֮һе
˽Ч
βһͽΪأҶ׳һи⡣
Ҷүģ⣬һشֻҪһ⣬ͿԴˡ˵
ʰɡ
ʲô½ܱ˵İʱмǸأ˵

⣬էһ룬ƺܼ򵥣ϸϸ𰸺ο»֡
ѩ̼õĸмȻȽࡣ
ɳĮһˮһͰˮõĸмҪࡣ
ϿܽΪһ仰Ҫòľ£Ȼõˣܰߣ౨пܡ
ǣ˵ʱǱȡرĿȥģǵõĸмܾͱζ
ϣھиϣӦǳֿߵԭɣҶش
ҲɣȻѾӴ֮𰸣ջԼġ½Ǹ϶Ļ˵ֻԸ޿ߡ
ͻȻ任һղͬĵͳ˵˵ͳȥҲûпڡ
Ҷţͷȴһ
½룡
ߣҲԪ鰢ĵһˡ
ֻԸ޿ߣ
仰Ԫ鰢ʳƺһĪζҶȴǿ͸Ҳ俴ȥܼ򵥵Ļı󡭡
ԪĲͣҶЩɳǽűĶеܲˣǼ
ˣֻţǰ˶߸ͬʱʽƽϢҵʱˣÿƽһʮˣһʱҲ˲
ʱ
ҶվһһЩɳߵĤǣվʱҲŽ
ɹҲޱȵķȻ
ҶɫԪ飬ģ塣
𿴸߶ֻķ֮һǣԪһ
Ȼ߶ֻķ֮һҶĸоУԪȴһࡣ
Ҫ£ҶɫԪҪҲҪޡ
񣬽ʱʹͻơ
ǣҶԪֻҪԪԶͿɵְ﷽Բ
﷽Բ֮ڣһз紵ݶҶԪ֪֮¡
ͻȻ䣬ҶʥΪʲôƶһ˲̶ĵصס
ΪʥδԪȴѾǹˣҶݽһĨǱʥӦˡ
ʥһ١ٶ̽شҶ档
ΪԪǿ
һͻĤݣҶԪΪǣҲúɳɳˣһһģ
ҶʱɳɳϸһĿɫ˵üҶſɫ
ڣȴһٹģз˾Υʡ
Ҷоɳ䣬һĤݹ󣬾ȫһˣƺ˹
ʹҳϵ˺ѾΪ׼õĵطʹȱҳϵ˵һ⡣ɳͷ˺ɹҶǰ
·ɡ
Ҷ˵ͷʱ˷ޱȵһɤӣɫĻ£ʱһ
λɳߣ·Ϸһȡһ˹Ҷʹ
ʱҶ浹ҲſˣںλǿС̧£ƽޱȵĵͿշ˺ɳľۼء
һҶ󣬲ãĴĮҥҶϣ뻶ûһ˿
󣬽ʱҵԪһЩҪÿôһҵԪǲÿ춼һת·ϣҶٴ밢
ҶүĴˣΣڿ֮е֮бǳĺ
ʮһζˡ
ѩ̼һһмڶεεĴΣԽԽ
ȻǽЩ߾ûôˡ
෴ģЩߣǽΪϵͽ֮Դ
ֻҪ㣬㣬ͻϵĽǵ֮ӳֵϣջҲǷǳɹ۵ġ
ֻǽһο֮һˡ١
˵ͻشסϰԵ˹ӡ
ǣˣСˡСõľǰҶǰӡ
ҶѯʣɰǧīɫıӰŰͷ£İҺ
Ҵˣˣϣ˵
Ҷүģһ£ɳ֮УɳƴĲ䣬жٸ˵ȫҪܵʮ֮һɳĲУЩɳǺɳɳһһοߵ֮󱬷Ǻô
˵仰Сޱİ󣬾һͷڣȥˡ
ӱһ£ȴСһٸˡ
СԺ԰һ㰡һһѣˣ˻ǲġѣҶƢ𱬵Сһ䡣
仰ոն㵽ڵԪȻûϢһ飬۾Щˡ
뵱꣬ǻħһȴһСѾͷƬӸʰĴƨҷһ
ʵǱ
״ˣģһǼͷǷ飡С仰ͷոɵԪ鰢ٴα
Сһ仰ȴԪ鰢һ
Ȼ״˷ˣԺͶ԰һһ㣬ŵ㣬ܲͲС˵
Ϊ仰һڵԪ鰢󣬲жӯ
С֮ì֮󣬱ɳĶ̧ϵҶ棬Ŀ𰢳ղŵ˵
ɳʹݣһһǰɳʩչյնΣջ֮󣬼ֱ޷ݡ
ΨһҪǵģͳɳССʮ̬ȣ


1841 
Ϊ˱Լ⣬ɳͷ˺ͷסլ˳ҰǺɳõʳҶ档
Ȼ˵ºɳóõĶ޷ܹǵݳȡ
˵ɳóõĶҲͱȴܵͨռҵĻʳˮ׼ǿһѣ㲻ݻ
⣬Ѿõʳˡ
ɴ˿ɼɳĻжôĶӡ
ʳĲ࣬Ҳܼ򵥣ڵ⡢ɳЫԼɳƣмɳеزĵġ
ҶԵȴˬ
˵ʳжóԣ⻷
ܱÿһˣϵЦ㲻֪Ķϼ뷹
ҶƵƵǲôúȵɳƣҲúɳͷ˺뼸λǿ˷ܵ⡣
ǿΪĻʹܹǵƣǶĿ϶
ҶӵľٶҲýⳡջԾΪЩ϶ĻʹҶȫⳡĻ⡣
Ҷ棬ĽǱȥ
Ȼ̸ĻʱþнҶðʹ£ǵࡣ
Ҷɳһϵ˽⡣
ȻҶѾɳʳԣôν֪֪ˣս
˽һǱġ
ɳгֵĺ磬˵ɳڵʱˡ
˵Уɳܡ
ɳܹɳޣġ
ңʱɳе޹ģҪڵĴĶࡣ
棬ɳѹҪΪʳˮʱɳĵߣҪĴ½Ĵܡ
ǧѪȾɳս֮УɳƾɳĵһһεĴܵ֡
ЩɳһЩǿڿഫĴ˵׼ȷԾͲ֪ˡ
ɳĺܹһǣ֪ǰҲǰҲʮǰҲǸǰ
ɳ˵ػɳҲûн¹񼣡
ɳΪ֮޿ʼήɳ˵滷ʼٵĶ񻯡
ļ˾Ҳ޷ֹơ
ҵǣɳɵżֱµġ
ɳɢ˾ų֮ļ˾ǣֹ޵ɢ̬ƣάסɳܹάޡ
Ҳάֶѡ
ɳܹԱӾͲˣ޵Сһɳܹɳɾ޴ʧ
ԣôɳ˵ҲԽԽ񻯡
Ҫ˵ɳ仹ԺһģڻһЩǳС˿ֻǧ˵ɳ岿䣬ҲһɳǸͳʧˡ
Ҷ˽ɳ˵ĻΣ˽Щ֮Ҷ߸ϵѯУҶһ¡
ֻСʩֶΣΪʲôͱЩɳ϶ΪĻأ
һΪҶĿŽ֣ޱȵĤҶ档
ԭֻ֡Աȣ
У˾ļΪ֣ͼļ˾ɳۼ˾ɳۼ˾ͼļ˾һ㶼ͨ񾳵ļ˾
ط֮󣬿ɳѰҵˮԴǰԤɳɳ˱ֺܿ
ɳۼ˾֮ϣۼ˾
ۼ˾ɳĿУһĴˡ
Ϊۼ˾֮󣬿ɳпֲ︴ԶطɳĵصˮԴȴˮ
ɳСͲ䣬ٻפһλۼ˾
ϣһۼ˾ͿǺɳС
ۼ˾Ϊ֮ǰǸۼ˾
ۼ˾ϣˮۼ˾ֳΪۼ˾
ۼ˾԰ɳȹ̵ˮԴѰҵµĵˮÿݽߵĵºӿȪ
һ£ֻдͲŻۼ˾פأͬʱۼ˾Ѿĸ߲ˣǽǿߡ
Уۼ˾ϣɳˣ˵ǿɳԸıɳ
УɳĿ࣬٣Ҳٳ¡
Ҷ⣬ɳӦþǵǿˡ
еǿ򣬶ҲֹһλҶ⡣
ںɳ佫Ҷ϶ΪʹԭʵǺɳϰǰһ˿ڸ߹ʮͲ䡣
ʱĺɳ䣬ޱڻҪһһλǿۼ˾ػǡ
ǺɳȴȽϵùɳƵʱһɳҪʮΡ
ֲɳһǵصĳͻᱻ
֮󣬺ɳ˿ȻԱ˺ܶࡣ
ȻԱʵǶ
ɳĹģҲͲ䵽СͲ䣬ػǵ˾Ҳۼ˾ڵۼ˾
ǣɳͷ˺ڣкɳλʿԼɳһЩǣȴۿǿۼ˾ʩչ
νеĿҪ磬ɳȸõˮֵ»ָ
ǿۼ˾ʩչЩƵҪ»ָҲҪһ֮󣬲·ɫ
ңֻ÷Ƶеһ·
֮ǰҶ־µĸһĿۼ˾ʩչȵĻȹһ룬ˡ
Ǹۼ˾֮һ㲻ˡ
ҶһĿڵȴڼȫˮģҳƱܱûﻹҪãҪϲˡ
ⲻʲô
Ҷ沽֮֮ееֲ绹Ǹʲݣɳȥݣǿ
ⲻʲô
˵еλߵۼ˾Щ¶ɳҲ
һģֻ
ֻд˵ɳܹ
ɳѾʧ֪ˣЩɳˣȻȻľͽҶϳɳĻʹ
ҶˣôϡͿĳΪɳĻġ
Եɡ
ʵҶѾνʲôˣһֿˮľطѡ
ֻˮľطˮƽҶľͨľԶˡ
Ҷľֲľĸ
ŵ˵ҶǸһľ͸һľֻҪ̫ǿľһľȫûġ
ôһ˿˿ľϢˮ񼣣ˡ
ңﻹһܼ򵥵⣬ɳľۼ±ߣеºӣɳ仹нǿߡ
ǿٲãѧݷص׽ºӵĺˮ͵ӦҲǿԹģΪʲôҪļ˾ˮأ
ʵԭܼ򵥣ۼ˾Ҷ棬ȡˮʱ򣬶õһֺϸ΢ķʽ
ֱӽˮ͵ֲĸֱա
ǧɳеﶼȻȻĽ˸ԵĿˮԣֻҪһˮݣͿǿȥ
ͬģЩǿ߿ԽºӵĺˮӵصŪִַʽĽܾ࣬ųɵˮʧɳĮС
ɳĮУľˮԴ˷Ҳġ
һûʲôʱ̫áȡ̫Ļͻֱӵɳۼ·ĵºӿݽߡ
һԺɳԣ֮֡
ԣºɳнǿߣҲԸͳΣάԼ
˽⵽ЩҶǶɳһµ˽⡣
ͬʱҲԼļƻһȷ뷨
Ψһ⣬̬ȡ
Ҷ֪֪ðƵʹʲô̬ȺͷӦ
˵ʵ濴ȥǿ󣬵ɳĮҲࡣ
ȴܹ࿹⣬Ѳ˾صУ̾ǵˡ
ƺɳ֮УЩɳĮԱޱȾ˵ս
ԣҶ滹Ǻܼɵġ
ȻɳôĺôҶ;Բֶܿ顣
ɳҶⳡᣬʱֱʱǽ
صϢķ֮ҶͿЦõķ֣ۼ˾оһԽãʱѾϴĸɸɾĴǰ
ɳȣɳǰʹޡ
СʱûһĽ뱯ˣϲڴ
ҶԿóСĸԸġ
ĸԸҶȴܽܡ
Ҷֻ˶ѣͼʲô
ǴӻǣҶʱǣҶʲôˣ
Ҷ治Ҫǵķ֮Сһ涵Ĵ󣬻Ҷóʹͷ˵Ѿ֪ǵĳ⣬ŽǸȥ
ڴϣǴɳӵҶоŴӺɳͷһݼ򵥵Ĳټ򵥵ܱ߲ͼһǰĸ䡣
ܿģҶѡһǰչ񼣣ռ֮׳Ĳ䡣
뿪ɳ֮ǰұΪɳʲôȹǵ޵ȵȣšҵıģҶ૵


1842 
һ޵ά֣Ҫؾֲˡ
һģֲܽһޱȥǣֲĸˮ
һޣһɳľۼأˮԴҪġ
һʧȥ˿ɳˮԴֲٶٴʧҲֻʱ⡣
ԣҶҪ뿪֮ǰɳҪ飬ͶˮԴϡ
ҲֻĵΪɳˡΪɳ˾һ֮ҶܹİõĽǷ׵֮
ҶıģҲҶġ
ɳˮԴʵһ°ӶѣǺɳĻ
ˮԴ飬ɣҪһ临Ӷ̬ܲ㹻ȶˮԴ
ƾˮԴ飬˵Ҷ棬ǵ컯Ҳ
Ҷģȶ°ӡ
ɳͷ˺ԣǳΪ֮ӵ°ӣѾһ뻹Ҫࡣ
Ǻɳ˿ȻԱһ룬ģͲСͲ䣬ʵҪԭ֮ӵ
ԭҲܼ򵥣°ӵͣļ٣Ӵ;еҲļӾ硣
ԭ֮ǵ
ҶͽĿͶ֮ϡ
ʵֻһɳ֮Ϊĳ̹ľֿܹӵȻ
ͺ˵ΪǳʺɳǼ˵
ĸϵΪҸϵǳ״һɹģЩͻԷޱȵĲһ𣬷·ص׵ǽһ㣬ȻĹɳˮ
ɳճ֮ǰ໹ֻ࣬ɳ
ɳһֶУӣķĸϵڵ°ӵĺӴӱڽܽϣȵļٵ°еġ
ͬʱϱߵĵرҲԴļ˵ܹɳ
һƬɳأһֱдʮ֮ɳؾͻᱻΪ
ɳȫɳ´ֵ֮ġ
ֹˣĹʵեƷʼߵ֬ɳ˵֬ҪԴͽ׻֮һ
ɳ˶ԣѾְѾ޷ˣ˵þһڱÿ궼´ӡ
Ҳı׶ڡ
ɳ˶ԣֲȴǳѡ
ͨɳˣһӣҲһŷѿ
ĿǰΪֹֻۼ˾ɳֲһӡ
һۼ˾ֲӵķѿʣֻʮ֮һǷѿʡ
ڸϵɳ֮ǰǺܴģҲһ磬ͿԹ
ԣѿ֮һڣҪۼ˾ǲͣʩչЩ
ͨ£һӣܴٿžͷǳ˲ˣֻжۼ˾
һۼ˾ܳɻٿţˡ
ɳжڿģ˵͵Ĵ£ۼ˾ÿ궼ʩչֲɳ֮ɳþȥָԭΪģɡԭȵȣڲϵļš
ҲΪԭűΪɳ֮Уֲֻܴ溣ࡣ
ҲΪһ㣬Ҷ潫뷨ʵϡ
ܸɳ˴ôܸҶԼôѡ񣬿ɲࡣ
ҶܺҪһӡ
ӣɳǳĶ࣬ÿɳˣؿڡ
Ӹɸɱģȥûһ˿һˮݣҧһţԴ죬ʯͷ
ȥܹɻҶͨľߵĸӦУʯͷһĴȴһޱǿ
ǹǱģһͻᱬޱǿάػޡ
µɳ˼ӣһҶӵص׳һˮݣ
ҶԸӦõõǵˮһ£΢΢׳һ˿ȴ˿ûзѿ˼
ѵˮݲ
Ҷֶͽȥ˸ˮݡ
ǣ鷢ˡ
ҶӵˮݣӴСˣӣûκηѿļ
Ҷ֪϶ˮݵԭˡ
һɳֲҪˮݲܹѿͱش̭ˣ޷浽ڵġ
С֪ô£Ҷʵ
СϾԶžѪӦ˽ⷽ
״ˣӣΪڶӵĻڲһұıϣҪѿҪȴұıϡС˵
ôƣҶʵ
ܼ򵥣һľͽȥߵ֮Է׳ͿԼƿұıϡ
СһľСͽǿ֮У˲Ϣ䣬Ӿųһѿ
ԭҪü죬ɴʱȴľӿˡ
Ҷ涯͹ȥһˮݣӵĸϵʼɿŵصȥ
ľļ£һſŸʼٵɣһ塣
ǽһĸҶĸӦУȷʵǿıˮܹڰӸԵ°ӵıãǳǿ
һʱ֮󣬵°ӵӴΪļ
ôһģ࣬١
Ǽͺֲܿˡ
Ҷһ£ĿǰΪһܹʮͲˡ
ɳҪ¾ǧżơ
ףԶžߣԶĺͳľϵ
ҵͺԼ֮ԸСĴСؿ˵
ҶԴϲһж٣
Ǹ׵ʮܹø֧ԮɱӡС˵
Ҷ֪ⷽС϶Լɣû뵽ྐྵȻ˾޴
Ȼĵ⿪ʼˡ
ҶϾͿʼ׼ֲ
һֲֲڵ°ӵܱߺͰϱߣܷӳ޴á
ԣֲ֮ǰҶҪúõĲ׼һ¡
ͬʱɳҪ׼ϰӣҲҪһʱ䡣
źɳͷ˺һ£ɳɳˣһޱȵĽӻ
ɳɳˣٴξۼһޱڴĿŶѳСɽһӣΪʹҶ档
Ҳʱɳͷ˺гһ⻪ɫȴǱˡ
ʹˣ


1843 ðʹ
̹ˣǰߡǸʹļһǰߵĺɳ
Уۼ˾һ߷Уһߵλۼ˾ŪǷǡ
Ǹһᣬ֪ѧһƤëһʩչ֮󣬾Ȼ͸Ļ
ϣһ㣬ɹҲԳΪĻ
̹ˣֹˣǸһﲻԳĻ˵ʹĻּ⣬һУٹ⣡˵
ۼ˾̹ɫѾɭޱȡ
ȻֵðʹļһһҪʲôõ飬ڸĨڣ
˵̹ɭĿͶ꣬꣬㿴ðʹΪʲôΪʲôų򣡡
ʱ͵Դ̹ˣҲųûеҪһʩչȷʵҵϣǻӰ
һʵǿ¸ˣӰŷԮ
ԣۼ˾̹ĵ˵ͷϿ˵
Щµʧɳ֮е𲽽ͣⷽȷʵҪע⡣
ˣһΣһҪǸһԲǸһðʹͷӰٴǿһ䡣
κһļһɳлɻҽ˭⣡̹һľ
ͬһʱ̣ոռ˴ӵҶ棬кɳͷ˺Ҳ˸ٷɹһ˵ȡ
һ㣬Ҷ沢⡣
İ˴Ըĵ̣ðԼʹ壬ûʲôǾ̫ϸˡ
ԴˣҶ淴е㻶ӭٿ֪һ̬ȡ
ɳͷ˺飬Щˡ
Ϊɳͷˣļʶɲͨɳܹġ
ɳҳϵͽĤߣͬʱҲɳ֮м˽һˡ
һ棬һɳһϿҶʹϾҶչֵ񼣣ɳҲġ
һ棬ֺҶʹʵǲûлϿɵģ϶ͻ
ԣ쿴ˣЩš
Ҷ棬ƾǿԪ˶ˣˡ
һʮ˰ˣΪǿģҲǽغڡ
Ҷԣ۷֮£һжΪǣҶҪǵģֻ̬ȡ
ŸʲôֻҪ̵ʱڽҪֲȫұ
Ҷֻ̧ͷһգνļԼ顣
ɳͷ˺һʹͻȻһĪġ
ѵʹ״һ˿ɻ
ٽɳϿգһٶ
꣬˵Ǹðʹļһʩչȵһ飬ָҿҿѧ˶Уۼ˾̹ʵ
ۼ˾̹ѯʣȴûֱ̹ڶθѯʣżæָһƬˣһƬһƬ
̹Ŀ⿴ָһƬȴûп֣񣬾͸˹һ𾪡
뿪ıȽ磬Ҷ潫һҵ漣ľȹ֮뿪ˣûпҶչ񼣵ֶΡ
һ·ɹȴˡ
ɳֲƣ̫ˡ
ɳĳƣõ״̬£ѹܣҲ
ֻһܣǸ˵ֶΡ
һҹ֮÷ԲǧֲȫˮֶΣеɳҲȫʩչпܰɣ
Ҳڴʱۼ˾̹̾꣬⼸ӻɳ䣬Ƿǳĵġ
ĸֲĳƣҼĸõġ
У˵Ǹܹǿָܱĳ̶ȣ˵ϣмġ
ܹҵǿԿǽս֮С
̹̾ͷ亹ˣȴ˿ұ⡣
ͻȻ䣬̬ѾԤˡ
ֻҸӣ˳һغɳأչʾһ϶ѡ
û뵽̬ѾȫԤˡ
Ǹˣۼ˾̹һͷͿ˱һɳΧһҶ档
һɲǣ̹Ŀһɫ䣬ɶ񣬾Ȼ⣬Ǵ󵨡
û˵̹꣬μӣһͳǶѳСɽһϷҶ棬һɳ˵ǰ
һɲǣۼ˾̹ٴαˡ
ļ˾ɳޱȣһĴڶΪ
ۼ˾֮۲Сеɳ˶ϲĹӭӣû⡣
ǽ죬ںɳ˵ͷΪֹɳˣȻûκδΰݵ˼
֣˲Ϣ̹ҶĿޱȣκһڶҡļһǸģ
ʵɳͷ˺Ҳˡ
⵱еĹأƽʱΪҶչֵ񼣺ΪĻҲΪ
ɳصĹУȻҶѾǹ˽棬ǽǳΪʹˡ
ļ˾ǣҲԳˡ
ôͬΪˣʹԣΪʲôһأ
ͨɳ˵뷨ͷ˵뷨͸Ӷˣǣ̫ˣúܾᡣ
ҶĻȴ˺־ᡣ
Ȼֲ򻯵ĲˣôھͽЩӣȵֲڣȻʩչҶ˵
ǣʹʥͣҶ棬ޱȵĹ
Ϳһֱۼ˾̹ȴŭˡ
Ҷ֮ǰʩչôͿԽҶΪΪǶ֡
Ҳԭ̹һֱڿƣԷҶ棬Բܷ
ˣðɳʹҪɳ̵֮ġۼ˾̹ºͶϵ쳹
ˣھ͹ڵڵɳڣķʡԼµҲԭġ
ðʹڣ
ҶͻȻЦұʹð䣿ûð䣬ΪҪڣ
㣬ðʹϣѾŭЭʹ֮ɳ䣬ͻԭ㣡
еۼ˾̹ԣֱסˡ
ΪҶķҧһڣΪҶǾ䣬֮ɳ䡯
ʲôЦôܣ


1844 Ϊʲôң
֮ԱΪΪǵɳԻ񼣴޵
ɳʧ֮ĳ
˵̹ۼ˾ɳÿֻܹĿҲǳޡ
ֲ£ѾΪļ˾չʾ񼣵ıĿ
ԣ̹Ҷ˵Ҫ֮ɳ䣬һӦǷڶӦǷЦˡ
ɳӹֻɳܹ֮˲俪һ䡣
ɳ֮ֹž޵ɳֹɳǣȴûһܹһ㡣
ʵ˵ÿ˾ܹһʱڣֻܹѾʵ֤Ӱ֮еĵλߵ͡
ԭܼ򵥣ɳԣ̫ҪˣѾˡ
̹ȻҶ˵Ҫ֮ɳ䣬Ծ󣬾ͷ·һЦ
ִɳɹҲҿ˾˵ĺڵġ
˸̹Цˣ֮ɳ䣬ţƤҲ˸Ҵ
ĶͣҲֻڶʱɽҰŭš
Ϊɳͷˣ𣿡
˵̹鶸ر䣬ָҶڱ˾һᣬǰߣѪ׼ΰ
ͿϴˢǺɳҡ
ҪȻǺɳˣΪ񣡡
ֳڣɳͷ˺ɫˣܱ߾ۼŵɳ˵ɫҲһұ䡣
ɳΪǾǱĴʡ
ΪɳˣʧȥıӻﶼƤѡʧȥһˮҶ
ɳҵʽ
һɳɫ䣬һԵۼ˾ҲЦѾǻᣬǱΪʱ򣬿ɱûǻᰡ
ɳͷ˺ٴαʹޱȡ
񼣣ǰλˣϾĹԡ
ԣȴ
񼣣ȴԵǣڣͳɳ֮õȴҪϿɵʹ
ߺ
ȴָߺǲɳʮɳˣᱻΪ
һޱȾʹ֮С
Ҳڴ˿̣Ҷȴһ㽫Ӿн˳
̹˾ô϶ڴţܹ֮ɳأҶ˰塣
Σ
ǾԲܣ
̹λ˾ޱȵļ
ҪأҶٴμ̹˾ȱŷ񶨣ɷҸҴһģļ֤£ҵԴһԼͶҵԴҶؿ˵
ԭֶԼ̹ǲмһ˵ģҶԴģ̹Щ𺳵ġ
ҵԴ𣿡̹Цǰһֱ쿪
Ͷ֮ܲɳ䣡Ҳܣ̹˾ȡ׼ҺԹԣ
ˣǾ̹ԼԴҶ
̹ɫرˣΪҶƺɳɳˣڿȻġ
ǣѹܰ
ô̹˾𣿡̹ǣҶ
̹˾Ϊۼ˾Ӧϵͽ̹˾ԼûģѵԼҲû𣿡Ҷʵ
󵨣
̹ŭҶޱȵϣۣ
Ϊʲôң
Ҷһ䷴ʣͽۼ˾̹ʵƿԡ
û˵ļΪʲôһеأ
˵̹˾ѹһαߣѹͲͽ
Ҷ仰Ǵ̹ʹһ̹Ъ˹ŭ
ΪʲôҶģ
Ϊʲô
Ҷһ䷴ʣ̹뷢Է
ٹҫң̹пɲҶĵģҶƵ˼ֻ̹Ӧ¶Լ
ʵ£̹ǲĵĶԼģǽ챻ҶûסˣٲӦԼпʧ
ֻӦ£
Ȼ̹ԼȴһҲġ
ΪҶĶԼģѹǲܵ顣
ڣѾʼյҶԴ֮ѿļһˡ
һԱۼ˾Ŀ⣬̰ĿⶢȺеСϡ
ͿԸˡ
ãϣҶ̹ڴ¶ԼͶҶܷ֮ɳ䡣
ܣ̹ȡҶĳ֮׼ܣ̹׼Ҷ棡֤ڶԼʼ֮ǰҶ˾ĹʾһԼָһһѪؼ䡣
ϣ̹Ҷڴ¶ԼҶܷ֮ɳ䡣
ܣҶȡ̹׼ܣҶ׼̹ͬʱɳ佫Ϊ֤һξѪͬɳɢؼ䡣
̹ظһԼȴһйضԺɳĴá
һĶԼԺɳıԺɳڲִĳͷ
Ҳϵ֡
ۼ˾ϲɫһĶźɳɳˡ
Щ˾ϣҪúôҲɳԸ
ǺɳһΪǾȡԤˡ
ɳԽңԽúúô
ɳͷ˺ҵһЦ֪Ѿ
ǰʹҶ治ʤǺɳ䣬ĻᱻΪ
ǣѾû·ˡ
һɲǣźɳͷ˺ҶķɳĽʮɳˣһޱϵ̬Ҷķ
ţޱϵҶ
һɲǣҶ֮еԪ飬΢΢һԪ΢
̹˾ˣ
Ҷ˵Ŀ⣬Ҷָ⡣
ҶָϣͻȻſһɫ⡣
ָᵯ
һɫⶸسȻ̻һɢ˷
Ͷ¸ҵɳˣĹâû뿪ǣûУػɣ
Ҷ桮ûСֳڣɫ⻪µĵطɳӹɫѿҶĺУɳɿչ
·һ㣬ǵɫѿʼɿĳ鼼ѿĽ˵ͰĹľԣһĻǶ䣬ʼɳ֮ţ


1845 صĽɫˮ
Ҫһ仰ۼ˾̹ڵĸоǾΣ
оΣ
һִδʵξ
ξһ¶ʱԼĲʱΡ
εٹ֣֮䣬ǲгԲʳͺȲˮ
ôΣһֱûʵֹ
ǿɳҲ޷Բ̹ʱΡ
̹Ļ˵Σֻܹʵ֣
̹ĸΪʡһʳ֮ʣ̹ĸ׸ĳһ죬ΰһʵ롣
һҪ񲻻ǣҪһֱڿڿǿ
Σͻʵֵһ졣
ҲĸǰĶᶨ̹ǳл־Ҳޱȵļ㡣
Σ̹ȴûǡ
ΪԽԽߣԽԽ˽̹ѾףΣѾûʵֵĿˣ
Ѿǣ
ڣ˿̣Σͻأޱȵĳǰ
һɲǣ̹Уٴĸ׵Ķ
һҪţǲǵģҪһֱڿ㣬ֻڿ㹻ǿٹ⣬ֻҫǿߵϡ
ĸ׵·һڶţսƺһɲٴΰεض
һɲǣ̹Ҳ޷ҲҸ߸ϵͣڰУͨһʹй˵ϡ
ˮѾգ̹ϵ̬ĤһҶ棡
ͬģнʮɳˡ
˲Ϣɳ֮ǿŵľΥĵ㡣
еɳˣһɲǶ档
ٹֵʱ̣еɳˣͷ˺λǿߣֻǼ˾̹ʿ
ʱȫϵƣͷɳϣɼˮʪµ
лľˣлʹ
лľˣлʹ

ˣﶼ߶仰ǼĻıϵƣĽͷɳϣƨɸ߸ߵľ
Żڴޱȵۼ˾꣬ǱһֱӺһ㣬ֱɵˡ
Ķͷ˾̹ҲȥʱѾˡ
¶ʥգҲУǵսľ䵽ϣѧĶͷ˾̹һޱȵĤҶ档
ʱҶ棬̹裬Ҷ
ʮҶСӰ£ٵš
չһڵر˻Ƕ䣬ҶеΪɳɳ츣
ոڵرʢص׵ĸ룬С߻ºˮݹ£Ѹٳ˴ĸ
ЩСҶӰ£ʼĺӴ̳̽һһûж͸ĵص׺ӵ̡
ЩҶѾˡ
Ͼ߰ʮĴСڵҲĵ˴롣
⻹ûн
ӵ֮СĴ߶£ٴοʼŵص˷һָ°ӸͬʱһָȴǺչ
ɳ
ֻҪ⣬ò˼Ĺ򣬺ɳľۼصͻģӣʻá
ңɳƻҲȵļᡣ
ҶӰڵرĲ֣Χźɳľۼܱ߳һΧǽһĹľԡ
ȥɳ䣬ʱѾ˻ĺ¼ŵĻɫɳУһɳһ㣬次
ҶһεĴֹ̣һʱɳˡԫ˾Լʿ͹һʱ
ңǹһʱǵĤͳһʱ
һʱڣҶȫƺӰĳƺ͵صײ֣һֱûעı仯
ҶźȻ䷢֣Ԫߴ磬ˡ
ķȲ
ֻǴӵߣ
Ȼ˵ҶԪһȦ
ߵҪȴҪ
ʵϱԪСֱ˰СԣȣǺСġ
ҶЩ⡣
˵ʵ֮ʢһɲǣҶֳ֪ɹһοߵ֮
ңǵڶЩߵ֮Щ߶Ҷֻ֮ӵļᶨӵİ硣
ҽϣҪ컹Ҫһҡ
ô£ҶԪȣӦó졣
ʵϣķȣȴֻһ롣
ҶɻҲΡ
Ͼֶ֮ӵƮ죬ӵ£ҶĿǰ֪İء
ҶҲ֪ˡ
ĿһҶһգͽĿͶޱȵĤԼۼ˾̹׼ȷļƻĵڶ
ҲҶջڵɲǣһĸоشҶ֮д
ҶͶɲǣͱò
Ҷ֮УҶԪǰͻȻͶһξӨ͸Ľɫˮ顣
ɫˮСֻлƶС
ǿҶֻлƶСĽɫˮ飬ȴ·ɽҪء
ңɫˮĳ֣ҶƺҲһ仯
ָоܹ죬ҶԸҲ˵
ǽɫˮҶ鹬֮УҶĸоУƺǽɫˮ֮С
鹬ܴ󣬵ڽɫˮǰȴСɫˮСоȴҪȽɫˮ黹Ҫ
ִСĹУҶһֱѪĸо
Ҷ澪ǣΪֹҶ滹ûиףɫˮ鵽״ġ
Ҷ鹬ڣÿһ仯Ҷ涼ȻģΨɫˮ飬ƾճֵġ
ҶϿжϵóɫˮӦɳ˵֮йأô£Ҷȴ֪
֪ô𣿡ҶԪ鰢ʵ
ҶүģһΣ治֪
ȻҲ֪ҶЩɵۡ
СӲǶ֮𣿲Сû㣬Сָģ
ҶЩżСǱֱٵɫıӰ͵Ҷһ³ȥ
һ⻰Ԫ鰢ͼˡ
ҵҶүҵ״үҸһΣĲ֪
֮ǰ֮˽⣬ҪǴүҼʶ㣬Ѷ࣬˽Ķࡣ
ǣе˽⣬Ƥë
ұˣѹҲûлӴ֮ǿش˵һס飬ô֮ܳ
˵һ٣ҿȷһ¡
ʲô£Ҷʵ
ɫˮ飬Ӧ컯֮йϵ˵
컯֮йϵ
ӦǣҲҵƲѣ컯ޱأ֪ˣҶү˿СƤļʶñҲԪ鰢
ͷ֮ʣҶͽɽ


1846 
⣬Ŀ£δ֪
󵽶ǰ;˵δ֪µδ֪ʷδ֪СһطһƷĳؾδ֪
Ǿ嵽ϵʱ򣬾ͱ⡣
ڴ֮ǰҶȴᵽ⡣
ΪҶԪ鰢֪˶ļһһƻʯİٿȫ顣
ණҶ治֪ԪȴܸشóĽ
Щŵɳ˵֮֮۵Ľɫˮ飬黹Ԫ鰢󣬶֪
Ψһȷǣɫˮ飬ı컯֮йء
黹Ԫ鰢󶼲
ҶЩС
ɫˮ̺ޱȾ˵˵ҶСϪССĽɫˮ飬ŭηĴ󺣡
ͿԸӦ߰纣ɽһ
ǿ󣬵ǵҶ볢ŵʱȴŶ롣
ҶԳȥȥ֮ȴͬţ뺣һ㣬˵ǵɫˮڵʧӰ٣Ҷʧȥϵ
֮ǳ˿Զ졣Žǧ򣬵ܹ֮ģǷë۽ǣָ
ҵݺἸ죬һûл֮İ䣬Ҳûл֮İйءͻȻó
Щ꣬鱾ԪָҲԽԽ࣬Խ࣬ȴԽԸҶ˵
ЩõŽɣȴⷽĴУ̣СҶԳⷽ̽˵
Ҷ滺˵ͷ˵Ӧпϵġ
ͽ㲥Ϊľ֮ô϶֪֮Ľɫˮİ롣
ǣ£ҶҪ֪ɫˮİأϲܡ
鵹ҶһǾ
ɳ˵Ĵ˵ʱ伫磬ʷлս
й֮ĴУҲδ֪
Ҷ滹һǾʥ֮ڹλ
ܹΪ񣬶ҹһ壬кĿߣ˵֮ĴС
ϧǣʥλ̫أڳ˯֮Уļ˾ҹӳ֣ʱҲ԰Ϊλʱ޷ﵽҶ档
ʵҶߣп˽֮ˣпǳֹ
ֹõʥŮĴУ컯ⷽ϶˽⣬˵ҲŴ֮ء
ȻǴ֮أײ⴫ҶƤȥѯʳֹĴ֮أŮΪѣһ㣬ҶǾġ
Ȼ֮Ľɫˮ飬Ϊ̽أôҶļƻҲӦķ˱仯
˼һҶһգƮɫ⻪ͷ·ٴ麣һ㣬˲Ϣع顣
ŻɳɳŵֹֻͣڴĮк졣
żбҲһɲǱƽ
Ҳһɲǣͷɳޱϵ̬ĤҶĽʮɳˣۼ˾̹ڣȫӦʲôƵģ̧ͷҶ档
ӣʹ
ӣʹ

ϲޱȵĻٴɽһ쳹
ɳ˿纣һ֮һɳ˸ǰȥƴһʢ֮
촽ձ֮ϵľѪֱҲں
ļ԰԰ֱʵ֡
ϲЩɳ˿ҶĿ⣬ͱÿޱȣһٴΧ۵ҶߣΪϵķʽҶĽ档
ҶڶθɳߵĤݷʽѾ̹Ȼˡ
ҶĸӦڿǵĤ£Ԫٴ΢֮УǻƶСĽɫˮ飬ҲһޱȻٶš
ЩɳĤԼҶĿ⣬ȴͶ˹ۼ˾̹
̹Ӧ̧ͷˣ̧ͷɲǣѾһƬ̹Ȼ
ҵиôĮĸɱҵĻۣҡҶɳ˻ʹ֮٣Ļ˲
ǽ̹֮ɳֻӵļᶨ
죬̹ԸҵѪ׼Ϊ׼ƽϢɳķŭԸɳܹԭ±΢ңػĻ
˵̹꣬ƾ۳һɫУ⻪һоתи̹ľ
̹ʱޱȵı˫ۣĵȺһɲǵ١
һĻɳˣҲ׷ϵ̬ĤҶ档
ûֹֻ̹ͬԸ̹ܹԭ£عĻǾĶ͡
ۼ˾ʱѾʼɪɪĶͷ˾ۼ˾̹ϿҶʹλҪԼõѪ׼ϴˢԼ
أ
̹ãҲûеȵǱ׼
۵ɲǣ̹ͿǱɫз·һεһ㣬ͣǰҶ棬Ŀ
Ȼ֮ʣ̹ٴ˫ֺʮϵ̬ĤҶ档
ܵĿѾˣٹҫɳʱЩûбҪѪͲˡ
̹֮չ񣬽ٹ˸ĵطӦ顣Ҷһʥ̬˵
Ҷ⣬̹ûйľϲһƽҶͷĤݡ
̹֪ԼʹԸԼ£̷ʹߣʹȱ̹һᡣ
ģ
Ҷۼ˾ٴޱȵİݹҶ֮ŻһֽС΢̬Ҷࡣ
ͬʱҶҲһ
治Ǻװġ
ҶҲû뵽շۼ˾̹Ȼ˵˳ûʲôš
ʵҶ滹ռλɳĴˣչʾһν񼣣ǹеջôĿ߲˵۳ޱȵĽɫˮ顣
νϷȫףͷ͵Ϸͷ͵ȫס
һɲǣҶĿۼ˾ϡ
ߵʱͱýޱȣ罬æһޱȵ̬Ҷ档
ǣȴûпҶĿѾñޱȡ
ٹûʱʱ̵̿ҫҡЩԭ¡
ǣڽѹĶͽʮ֮ͽػΰҲԭ
壬дѹۼ˾ɳ̣
ҶĻոأ;ޱȵİʹҲˣҲˡ
Ҷû˵شǺɳλǿߣȥͽܣȻȥ
̹ˣ
̹ˣȾңˡ
еٲ̹Ҳû˵ֻ֣ǵü˳ĿվҶ
УûҲûпܸı䡣
֮ޱȵĲҽ쳹ɳ䡣
ɳ̣֮ǽ߷Ϊӽɳеֶ֮УȻҧ
ңкüֶר̳꣬궼Ӳȥ
һʱ䣬ɳ˴ġ
ҶУʵ޵ķʸ
УҶĽ̸У˽ࡣ
ػɳۼ˾̫꣬ˡ
־Щۼ˾ػ츣ɳ岿ġ
ȴźɳַǷݵҪ󣬺ɳ׸Ůͳ
⣬껹㣬ӱɳٹǧ
ֱǻ˹ˡ
ҶĵĵС
Ͷƣ֮ŻȸԾɳˣҶͷһԵοͷҲ뻶졣
ˣҶǰװҲװĲˣĿͿ˺ɳͷ˺
һķ䣬Ҫ̹˾һ¡ۼ˾Ѿĸ߼˾ˣͨҶӦÿԶ˽ࡣ
־˺һУҲҵң


1847 ػ
Ϊɵۼ˾̹ػһͲ䣬ΪɳͲ䣬Ͳ֮УҲǱȽϴĲˡ
ɳ˿ڳʮ򣬶Ϊ̹չˣɳ״ҪȺɳһ㡣
ҲԺһѡ
У˵̹ػɳ䣬ʵϣɳָ̹ĵ̣̹ķһ
̹ۼ˾ɳ̫ϻһ
ң̹ͬΪۼ˾̹꣬Ǻܾľģԣ̹ɳǷǳߵģﵽһԾŶĳ̶ȡ
£̹ɳǺɳǰҶǰƺҶΪʹޱȵĤݵʱɳɳ˵𶯣޷ݵġ
ǲġ
ЩɳɳˣΪ̹ϿҶΪʹҪǺɳһĤҶ棬ѹܡ
£ҶðƵʹıĿϳˡ
񼣣
չ񼣡
չҲ𺳵ķʽ֮ɽҰʢ
̹Ļ˵ɳÿһڳļ٣Ѿٵһ¹ĳ̶ȡ
Դǰɳʧ֮еɳ岿䶼ɽҰŭš
ǰʹĲУһƮĴ˵
֮¿ɳʱ򣬾ʹɳĻع顣
ۼ˾̹ǡþ֪˵
ԣҶǰɳʮǰ̹Ͱźü֧ɳĺɳ˵ɳˣ⴫ɳ˵У⡣
ɳ˵νɳʵ̡
֮佻ʡز̵飬ͳͳ֮Ϊɳ
̹İţЩɳˣ֮󣬻Ǹ˵뷨۲ұȶȡ
ɳɳˣǰִɳģЩɳ˵ĸۣ£ɳѾ֮ɽҰʢ֮ʱɳع֮ա˵ķзˡ
Ȼ⵱бƣģʵɳ˵У˵ѪУڿĵȴһ̵١
˵ʵְ̹ţҶЩ˼
ƭЩϵɳˣĺ
̹ȴҶһΡ
̹˵ٹ⣬ҲҪ׵Ĵĸã䡣
һɳѾʧˣǴɳͳɳ
οҶ棬ɳʹֻ̹ʹٹԸķȴȥҫӻɳˡ
̹仰Ҷʶһ
Ǿƭ˵߾磬ԼҲƭ
ҪñţȵԼš
ҶðʹѾȻƭһںɳɳˣҶ汾Ҳڰʹ
ǣͣڰݵĲϡ
ҶԼĹΪԼһðʹԲ뷨
ҲΪˣ֮ҶÿһĸԼʹ
Ҷɳʹ
ֻҪҶԼԼʹˣô˭޷Ҷ档
ͨһ㣬Ҷͺܴ󷽵Ľ̹İװ
һɳİɫۣƯڵͿС
ھ۽ߴʮɳɳĤ£ӣ£Ҷָɳ
ƮɽҰɳľ۽طԲ֮ڣҲ˹һصɳɳԡ
ɳɳ˵ĽԡϥǱߡԡߵĿյϣ˴ӡ
Ȼɳɳ˵ע£ЩӿʼѿĸǴһصס
ɳӿͻȻܼ涼ǲһӿ
ĸص׵ԭ
һرϵĹľԣֻһ׼ǵص׵ĸ볤ȣȴԴﵽǧס
ɳɳ˵ĶޱȵĿӿĵ棬ӿڳСӣĸ㹻ʱڵϵǼ֦ѿʼɿĳ鼼
˲Ϣ͸ɳϲһ⡣
ɳɳ˱ˣǷɿٿ·һҶ棬ǰղǸ˵ʱ͸ͷ
̹Ĳãʱá
ʱЩɳɳˣҶĿͱòһˣ˾ηϲˮ
Ϣ֮󣬵ɽҰͬһɲųǶʱɳɳˣʱͷ
ЩˣѾԷϵ̬ʼĤҶ档
Ҳ֪˭һɤعˣʱɳɳˡ
̹ͷҶĤݣϥеҶǰϵ̬ҶĽʱɳɳ˶ǳѾõ˼ҲһɲǱ
һĸߺɳߺʹţϵ̬ĤҶ档
ܹǵҶĽ棬Ǹɳ˵ľ״̬Ͳһˣһ˿ʥҸζ
Ҷָ̹ţȻѾɹɳɳ˳ΪĿߡ
ǣҶĶȴûֹͣ
ҶֶΣջ֮Ŀ꣬ȴĿ֮һ
츣һĸЩɳ˵滷ҲҶĿ֮һ
ʮɳɳ˵ĤУҶ֮еĽɫˮΣʼٵ
Ѹټͷһࡣ
ҶԪٶȱĺܻˡ
һ㣬Ԫ鰢Ľ֮УҶѾˡ
ֱ֮Ԫ飬ǣ֮ԣȴܹϴԪ飬Ԫ顣
Ԫոջõ֮ʱķǺܴģھһ̶ȵ֮֮ԪͻԽԽС
Ǹˮһ㣬£㹻ˮܹô׾׳ɳٶˮҲ޷ٶȡ
Ҷھ֮ԪȿʼԽԽС֮лµĽɫ֮ȴԽࡣ
ֻǻƶСˮ飬ѾǰСˡ
һڷٵš
ҶԵĸӦɳɳ˹׸֮ûкɳɳ˶ࡣ
ɳɳ֮вɵĿ߱ɳߴųɵĿ߱ҪϽһ
ǣܲס˶డ
ۼɳɳˣǺɳ˿ڵıϡ
¿ߵıֻɣ֮Ǻġ
Ҷ֮д֮Ľɫˮ飬ۿɼٶš
ȴһʼһõĿ˶ѡ
ҶҪ֮˷Ҫһһɳ岿š
񼣵ţҶʹ֮·Ҳʽʼ
Ϊ֮ٹػţҲɳ俪ʼʽ齨


1848 ɳ
µʱڣҶ̹ϯʮɳ岿䣬ǧ˿ڡ
ͲʮһСͲʮ
ʵϣʮͲ䣬ȫҶʼһչ񼣣չԼԴ֮ء
֮һ£ҶֻǰһͲ䣬չ񼣵ĵطȫСͲ䡣
ԴҶһ֡
ԽСͲ䣬ԽѡӵСͲ䣬ĿԽ࣬ЩСͲ䣬Ҷչ񼣣˶ȵĿߡ
ͬ£ЩСɳˣ׵֮ࡣ
µʱҶ֮е֮Ѿ۵һ̶ȡ
ΣϻҪ
˶֮ҶԪǰҶһֹĸо
ɴ࣬ҶԸıһģԪ·鹬ģıһˮأǽɫˮ顣
Ҷ潫ˮԶһ㣬ˮسʼԲΣԴµĵóɫˮ
ĿǰҶӵе֮Ҳɫˮ飬Լҡ
ջǷǳģֻҶԪ飬ʱ仺֮󣬾ͼûʲôˡ
Ҷ滹Ǻġ
Ԫ磬𿴳ߴֻһ룬Ҷȴ㷭һࡣ
֮⣬ֵһ˵ǾҶ洴֮ٹ⣬Ҳػš
ػţ̹˼ԽԽãǽѾΪߣҶʹӰ췶ΧĲΪͨϵߣȫػš
ɳӣ͵һУͻΪɳ֮
Ҷģɳ˵Ӱ̫ˡ
ɳ岻ǴܣǿսװΪһߣӵжԿǵǿߵʵ
ңҶԣһԸǿĸ־ţһϰͨŵ
Ҷ̹ػţֳͨźš
ҶλʹٹҫµĲڵͨսʿȫػţЩǿߵսʿɳģԶЧʹԶɳٹ֮Щսʿɽͷͳ졣
Ҷλʹ
ҶȴȡĽǿߣػŵĽ£һ֧š
Ҷ뷨ÿȡһš
̹ȴǸӼ
ҪҶʹµĸĽ֮Уȡһ֮齨š
Ҷ̹뷨
׿ڻع鵽ɳĻ̹֮λۼ˾ҲŸҰ
ǼҶλʹĹԣϸߵȨ۷塣
̹һҲͻ
һ㣬Ҷȫ⣬Ҳ޳ɡ
ϵ£չֵ񼣵ʹ̹Ҫܿѹܵġ
Ҷһ仰ͿЩǿɳеĽΪ֮
ϵ£̹յ൱Ҷյ
ԣҶ滹޳̹̹һ仰˵Ҷ档
߬ȭͷκһָͷҪٱϡ
ҶµĸĽǿ߼ǽȭͷ߬һ¸פ˶ˣҲû˸۸Щ䡣
ΪһֻʱܻȭͷǼɵޱȡ
ȻҲûӦͻ״פǿߡ
գҶȡǿһ룬齨Ϊػӡ
ĿǰȫɽǿɵӣѾﵽһٶʮˣɳڣѾһɲСˡ
ҲΪ֧һٶʮ˵ӻд˸ҶĿߣҶʹ˵ԽԽǿ
ÿһ䣬Ҷչ񼣣ҶʹݣȵõϿɡ
£Ҷһ·ϽԼӰ췶Χķʽͱˡ
֮ǰҶչ񼣣ڣĿǰҶڵԭɳ䣬ͷ˺ʿȷҶʹݡ
Ȼټˣһ̹ƵζʽĤҶ棬Ȼǳʱ֮УҶŻչ񼣡
̹Ļ˵ԽѵõĶԽҲŻϧ
ԣ̹ʽŪĸӵͬʱʱҲȽϳ
ЩɳˣҪޱȵСʱ䣬ҶŻչ񼣡
ģʽ£ֵĿߵıҪ֮ǰıԸһ㡣
˿̣һĻڵԭɳݡ
ԭɳһʮ˵ɳ岿䣬˿̾ųɾϵˣ۽ԭɳľ۽أŮ٣˿̹ؾصĹҶΪĵ˷
ϵɳԵҫڴ񼣵Ľ٣ڴ֮¿鲿䡣
˳ʱĹ£вɳˣ޷֧ȥ
еԵģˮģз赹ġ
ÿ˻赹ʱŰɫ˿ʳ۵ʹҶ棬ɢʥϢҶ棬ͻЩߡ
ɳٹ⣬޴ڲһոջԵɳˣͻܵҫһ㣬״̬õ޷ݡ
Щɳӯ֮ʣҲ𾪲ѡ
ͨ£һҶ濪ʼչ񼣣ЩˣȳΪҶĿߣұһĿ߻Ҫᶨ
պҶ뿪ЩҲᶨƵĴҶʹάҶʹȨԲκκʽ¡
ʵҶλԵǣõֶޱȵļ򵥡
ǲһˮľ׾˹
ֶΣ˵Ҷ棬еĴǿߣɵ
ǣ飬ͨһҶʹЩɳ˵УŽȻͬ塣
ˣ
˽ļʮɳˣҶ˵ͷĿͿԭɳͷˡ
ǶɳϺҳϣ˱ʹҲ˴͸ּ⣬ɳٹ⣬ԶҫͱϺҳϵ񡣡
ţҶĿ⣬ȴǿԭɳͷˡ
ʱͼֵķһָָ֮УǺӡ
ǸװָӻƮҶ棬ԭɳͷˣʿԼеɳˣ㽵Ŀ⿴ʹҶ档
Ҷһǰһɧޱȵչʾ񼣣֮ԭɳ䡣
Ҳһɲǣһ·һֱҶԺը졣
װŪϷĵϸ£ǻĲͷˡ
ͬʱһޱȵѹϢڴԶٵĽӽš
գ۵Ĺһ͵ִϿգһɫ۵ߣڵĴżλۼ˾ϰλʿԳΡ
һĻ·̹͵һȻֱӸҶ洫ʹˣɳǰɳ֮һ⼸Ĺҫµļ䣬ӵߣʵλɳĵ̡
Ҷ۾һУĿӭɳɭޱȵĿ⡣
ˣ߲㣬ɳˣзӦˣ


1849 һһ
СӣװŪİϷ˵㣡㣬ͷͰݣϷ£㻹һ·򣡡ɳҶЦ
ȻĻΪɳǲṫ˵ģö֮вҶ棬Ǿ̫޴ˣ
ɳӳֵڣһֱõ괫
ҶУһ˿ʧ֮ɫ
Ҷ뷨УɳӦǶģ̹һ
ǰλɳһڣͽҶ涨˵ˣһͼշҶ棬ҶʵЩʧ
ȻɳѡΪˣôҶͻ㵽ס
ҶʹʵǴĻʳеǽͷܡ
һʼܣڽĵʹ֮ǰͲκεòͻӭֹѹ
ԣҶǲɳԸġ
װŪ
ҶӴһ쳹ԭɳ䣬˵ʹװŪ
ֶָ𣿡
˵䣬һöӴҶָƮ䣬׹ɳصɲǣͿʼѿ֦գۼĹһ֮ɳ֮ų˻ĻǶ䡣
񼣵һĻԭɳһɳ˵ɴ۾һʿҲһޱȵĿⶢҶ档
ɳĶҶ棬ĿǱСӣܾҵĺ⣬һΪΪڵģ
괫ɳɢһӨӨ⣬˸Ⱦʼԭɳ쳹
ǣҪħֶɱ˫ۣԭۼ˾̹ħĻᣬͼջ׹
ҪħֶԻ󣬶ݵķ֮󣬱ؽΪ֮֡
ò˵ɳɳ˵е޷ݵġ
ճڣԭɳǣ͵ˣҶĿͱˣþޱȣԭϵ鵴Ȼ޴档
һԭɳɳˣʼӵվ𣬿£ɳķ
״ɳ΢΢һ̣Щ侭Ӫô꣬Ҷһߣܹռġ
ԭ֪Ҷʹ飬ǱŹ̬ȵġ
û뵽ҶʹȻɨͳεķ֮һĲ䡣
ǵɳĸУͳεĲ䣬ʵǵأǵ
ҶΪһΪ
ԣѣһ֣ɳȫ
һɲǣɳĿͿҶӡ
̤;ĸǣɡ̤;ֻΪħ̫ƻ塣
ֻҪ;֪ǲǵģǣǵĲ䣬»ع鵽Ļ
Ҷ֪ǿЩҳϵʱ
ҶⶫĿġ
ΪɳԴԷΪʹҶ棬ҲҶ治ñЩΪѡ
ԣĻأҶĴЦ
ĶͣعĻֻ˵ǣǣԶٹ⣡
ƳУҶָ䣬ɳӣ·һ˲Ϣ˷ԲķΧЩ£ɳɳ˵ļ϶Уǰ
µɲǣɫѿͷɿĳɳٴǲһ
ĸϵڵĶ
䣬һſͿʼٴγ֦
СΪֻǿ˽أǣÿȴ׵ĽСǱѹե˳
ǰСҪӵĹ
ڣϢͿԳ״
µķǷСƻľɳһ˵ĳ̶ȡ
ҶԪҲСƵķΧӰ﷽Բǵ﷽Բ
ɳޱȵУ̶̰Ϣ֮ǰޱȵԭɳ䣬Ѿ֮Χˡ
ɳˣ֮ŵĹУѾԾٴιҶ棬һľη
ɳԪϢ£ɳˣվ𺳣лһ˿ջ֡
ǣֵɳˣûпǱɳʱҲд𺳡
ɳǰֻ±ߵļ˾˵ֶΣδۿۿǸо𺳣𺳣
ɳʿʱҶĿ⣬ѾȫһһЩʿĿ⣬Ѿ˿˿η֮ɫ
뷴Ҷ棬Ҷ棬һֶǰɳʱҲǿڸ벻Ҷȴٴ
ɳĶͣĿɳĶţǻعɳĻ
ôɳǿݵġ
ǿǵľ飬ȥһȥһʢ֮ħջ󣬻ɳĶأ
Ҷأԭɳͷ˵ϼӣʹͷһ
ʼñ֮ȡ»Ʒζ
һʱ䣬ԭɳɳ˶ʼô
ߣһЩ߲˫֣ǰӸڿ
ĻԻûǷޱȵϵȴ޷α
һɲǣǽһĸϵжδζ
ԭɳɳˣޱȵĤҶ棬ɳԭ¡
۾ܻƭǣͷ֣ȴƭǡ
Щӵɳˣԭɳͷ˵ϼӣͲôˡ
ɳĶͣɳȴҪɳ̬ȡ
ҪԼվӵĺ
ԣԭɳͷ˵ϼӺǣѾҶʩչ񼣸𺳵ˣԥĿɳ뿴һ̬ȺͷӦ
򲻵ѣ뿪ɳ
ɳǿǶͿԾɳ˲Ŀֲڡ
ǣԭɳͷ˵ϼӣȴҶ̬ȡ
Żһԭɳ˻վϳٹ⡣
ҶĿⶸת䣬żֺ
ʴȵģǿݵģǣʴݣȴ޵ġ
ڲԸػ񻳱ǣʴȵ񲻻ͷǣֻջٹ⣬ջǵıӻ
һɲǣԭɳͷ˵ϼӻûг׷Ӧ֮ǰոʢ֮ϣطɳɫ㣬·һ㣬ɿĻ۽Ҷ塣
ոʢ֮˲Ϣȫή
ԭɳͷ˵ϼɵˣԭɳɳɵˡ
ɳɵˣ̹Ҳɵˣ̹֪ҶʹȻ֮˲ή
վҶӳԱʱҶĿ⣬øӵĿȣҶĿ⣬Ѿһ
ӦģȴЩԭɳɳˡ
ɳˣŻΧżڿţһϲɫ
˲Ϣ䣬Ϊ֮ϲͱһѿ֦
ɳˣ˲ͱˣɵˡ
һޱȵĹҶķ򣬺ţԭ¡
ԭɳͷ˵ϼҲɵˣɵˡ
ΪſήģǷҶʹչ˲ʢ֮
ԭɳڲ丽ʮͬһɲȫή
֮ԭɳѾûаŻŵˡ
һԣ֮֡
ò˶ãԭɳ滷һһӣȴµġ
µǣȫήѾˡ
ɳУĲ񶼲硣
ûκһҽЩ
Ӵҡ
˲Ϣ䣬ԭɳͷ˵ϼӵԺͱһƬհס
Ҳ벻ɳǰȻӡ
亹˲Ϣʪ͸ȫ
ϼʮλԭɳĽʿһĻ׷ײڵأУǿ־塣
ԭɳ䣬һ˲䣬˵
ҡҡͷԭɳͷһĿ⿴ɳ
ϣλ־ĴˣԽ־
ǣԭɳͷ˵ϼĿ⣬ɳ޶ԡ
ʵɳ಻æʵ뻯ĿǰΣ뷨ޱȵС
ûκη
ʵĵ£ͬʱһӷѿǼˡ
˲Ϣ䷢ѿ鼼飬
һֶǰѾûκηƵֶˣ
ҪǣҶһһݵֶΣ˲Ϣ佫ɳƵһޱεĵλ
ʱٷҶ棬Ƿ
Ҳûз񶨵ķ
Ԥɳ½һµĳ̶ȣҴĶţԶԶֹЩ
ͻȻ֮䣬ɳЩˡ
ڣԭɳͷ˵ϼӣȴǿҪӻˡ
ŵһΣһϵ̬ȥĤʹҶ棬ɺҡڡ
ڣѾûˡ
һҧԭɳͷ˵ϼӾ͹ڵأ΢̬ϥҶ棡


1850 ֮ŭ
ΰɳʹĻԭǵ޴֪ǵı΢Ŀǳ޴֮٣ڱٹ⡣
޴΢ǣѾȻʴȵܹԭɳػٹҫ֮¡
˵䣬ԭɳ峤ϼӾصĽԴҽɳƨɸ߸ߵľ΢̬ȴǵˡ
ͬһɲǣԭɳɳˣ˶Ҷ£΢̬ʹҶԭ¡
Уɳɫޱȵѿ
ԭɳ䣬Щˣĸļλۺۼ˾֮⣬ǰٶλʿʱһޱȵ䵽˵ϣҲϵ̬Ҷ棬ǺĲ䱻
ҪҶ淽չʾһֲ̫ˡ
˵˲Ϣ֮ɽҰ񼣣Ķͣôŭŵһ˲ȫή㣬ǾĳͷֶΣ֮ŭ
Ķ֮ͣŭ
Ҷ֮ŭôأ
֮ŭԴҶСĺ鱦ľ롣
ľ룬˲Ϣǧ򣬳⸽лľڵľϵ
ţҶС߶ľ룬˸ոմ൐ڵ˲Ϣή
ֶΣЩɳ岿ͷϸһҶʹһ֮ǵĲ䷱ٲʢҲһ֮ǲ֮֡
һһֶΡ
չҶʹܹ֮
еҶ棬һֱޱȵעﰧԭɳͷ˵ϼӺɳˣҡҡͷ
ɳʴȵģǿݵģǣɳϵģѾλˣԼٹ⣬ʹ޷ı䡣
Ҷһԭɳˣʱ;Ĵ
ԭɳͷˣǷͷأȻ󵱳ԼԼͣʹʴȣԭɳһᣬΪˣԸκδۣԭɳԸʹˣʹūҲԡ
ź޲õ־ԭɳͷ˵ϼӣҶ沢ûиκλᣬǻıת塣
ٶ˲ϢõϼǱ˹ͷһ̱ڵء
ѵԭɳ䣬ҪΪ񶼲֮ͽ
ԭɳ伸ʮ˵ĺޣתҶ棬Ӳ
ԭɳ죬ڸǵĻ£Ҷ¶񼣵£Ҷʹվɳߡ
Ҷʩչ֮ŭֶ֮󣬲ʹȻҪ»صɳĻҪҶʹıӻ
ǵ͵ı֮󣬱ʹͶΪ
Ҷ׵ĽǣǲǴţҶʹҫµĲ䣬ԺǲǶ
ıҶ棬ȻҶʰʹˣͶ
ĻҶʹкϿɴ棿
ԭɳ䣬ɳԭɳ䣬һǳõķ͡
ɳвΪ䡣
񣬱ҶҶʹҪ޷ܵĴ۵ġ
ҶţֻҪ
ɳڣκһұҶʹΥҶʹ־
ֻҪԭɳӴɳᱻȵ
ԺǳɳеĲ䣬ֻѡվʹҶߣѡվɳߡ
ɳٹĲ䣬Ѿʺˡ뿪ɣЩɳٹȥѰԼٹɡ
Ҷһ뿪
ҶҪ뿪һں޵ԭɳɳˣˡ
˶һʹҶ뿪ԭɳ䣬ĳ˱Ĳ䣬ԭɳˣӭҵ
һλԭɳ뷢԰׵ˣĨһᣬãȻԼĻδСŮͻȻü
һλΪֻпİ׷ˣͳգҶǰ
·ʱŭ߳Щٹͽѵ빥ʹ
Ҷǰİ׷ߣʱйҶǰ
ʹԭǵ֪ǳɱǵ˫ۣ޴֪ľٶڱٹ⡣
ˣ
ǣЩ¶ĺͯ޹ġǸ֪ŵ׷ʲô£С֪ǣֻäǵĸĸ
ǲݳ½ǣֻܸЩ¶ĺͯһػ񻳱Ļᡣ
ǣǷµĴȴԭ£ҫֻϣǵѪܹ࣬ϴˢǵ
ܹǵ꣬ܵɳıӻ
ĵУһ仰˵ʱλ׷ɳˣһ죬ͷ·צһ̽Լ֮С
˺д׷ؿѪţӲĳ˳˫УҶķ
У׷ߵʬ䵽ɳС
Ѫʱͽɳأʻ࣬ڻš
ߵŮʱͿ޺˹ȥ
һĻҶĿһʹ
СŮӿҶĶһ뷨
Ҷ£ˣպɳ䣬ͻָ飬ͻΪıѶʧ
Ӳ
ҶȻ뿪Ĳԭɳˣ·ܵǰȥ߸Ⱦһ㣬һ񣬷׷ױü
Ϊ˸ĺͯһȥĻᣬһӵδĻᣬǴ˿̣Ѿûѡ
ΪѪߣѾָ˵·
һɲǣһԭɳˣߺкԭµĿںţȻ֮ǰǸ׷һ㡣
ڵϣɵУҶǰһڳԼ࣬˫Ҷķ
ÿһϢҶǵ࣬Ҷ淴Ӧ֮ǰ̶ʮϢĹ򣬾ǧԭɳδԼѪ
ҶЩ̵ı۾ʪˮ飬Ҷ۽ǻ䡣
ԭǲҪġ
ԭǲֵġ
ɳʴȵģҶ·һԭɳ˷ը쿪ѪϴˢѾܵǵĳ⡣
ҶԭɳɳУϣĹ⻪ҲֹͣϴΪ
Ҷ˵仰ʱɭĿ⣬͵ض˰ޱɳ
Ҫһ׶ΪǼǧɳ׶
ҶѾ¶ģгһգһҪɳۡ
֮⣬ԭɳͷ˵ϼӣҲ֮һ
ɳ־ԭɳ»صٹӻ֮£
ֳڣҶĿͶԭɳͷˡϼӡŭ𣬱ҪĳЩ˵ѪƽϢ
һԭɳɳ˵Ŀ⣬Ϳͷ˵ϼӣĿУŭ⡣
󲿷ԭɳɳˣʵûбֻͷ˵ϼҡڲЩվɳǱߣŭ
ʹҶ˼Ѿײ
ϼӵУ˺ڻǺڡ
֮󣬵ϼԭɳɳ絶罣Ŀ£ЦһþȫƲԼš
УһĻɳǣĳ˳顣
ԸҵѪܹƽϢŭϴˢҵԭɳͷ˵ϼૡ


1851 ɳķ
֮ٴԭɳʢʱԭɳɳˣһʹҶͷĤݡ
Ϊ˱ԼϣЩɳ˴ʱ޲ýԼԴˡ
ֱΪ֮ĸоֲ̫ˡ
Դʱػɳ񻳱ԭɳɳˣޱȵϧ
ɳдʱѪζѪζУȴκγޣֻлں޺;ηҶʹľηѾĿ̵˹
Ҷڵ֮ǽɫˮ飬ٴӭһαԵ
ԭɳʮ˹׵֮ȻЩʮ˵Ͳ乱׵֮Ҫࡣ
ҶЩ죬ԭҶҲ
һЩֻʧȥˣ֪󣬵ٴӵеʱ򣬲Żӵϧ
ΪʾҲΪͷҶʩչطԭࡣ
ԭɳ䱾ֻмţ֮ǰҶĿߴٶš
˿̣ҶΪԭɳֻʮţֻ֮ǰʮ֮һ
Ǳԭɳ䱾ӵеĿȴַ˼Ҳܽԭɳ滷һĸơ
䣬Ͳˡ
ЩСͲ䣬Ҷչʾ񼣴Ҳ˰ţԶԶԭɳͲӵ
һᶨĲ䣬ҶܹػɳĻѾʴˡ
ӽԭɳ佫Ϊɳеķͣԭɳ¼³ɳйΪЩôᶨĲ䣬쾯ӡ
ڶɳҶ´ʱ򣬾ͻ뿪ˡ
Ҷ沢ͻ
ĳͻŸոտʼ
ɳһΪߣ֮ͻڶʱڳһ״̬ڣ
ԣҶԭɳʱ䣬ʱʱľһЩɳˣչ񼣡
ʱڣԭɳҲһЩ仯
ԭɳѡεͷˡ
εͷĵһ£ǽԭͷ˵ϼӵļˣȫ͵ʹҶǰʹҶ淢䡣
Ѿ½ԭɳ䣬δΰţԭɳԼ飬ǲֵġ
ҶĻش
ԭɳεͷҲǸݽɫҶ治⣬ֱӽԭͷ˵ϼӼǧˣȫū
˵ʵЩ̣ϼѾΪĴ󸶳֮󣬻ǣļ塣
ȻЩ̣Ҷ沢ûֹ
õķչʾŭ
ϼӺļֻǴŭĻҲҶʹĴۡ
ңΪͷ˵ĵϼӵ³ңҶţԺЩͷˣǵѡ
ӵͳ̹Ѿ½Ҷʹµɳ岿ɳˡ
ЩɳˣὫҶʹľ棬ɳĸ䡣
ʱתۼ뿪ԭɳʱҶߵӵѾӵһʮˡ
뿪ԭɳʱҶ飬ȴЩء
𣬽ЩСЩ߾̶ȣðװ׶ǰҶ⽻̹һ
ʹˣǵɳ᣿
ϣ콲ʱȭͷʣ˭ȭͷ˭壬˭ǵҶ滺˵
ԣ̹˵ͷ˷ģ»Сȫ˵İȫ
ʵ˵仰˼ǲЩʱװȻ̹˵ˣҶݣҲýֻ̫࣬ܵͷ¡
Ҷ̹ļƻĿǶߵһͲ䣬ԭɳ䣬ֻһﲻľ롣
Ҷһ˵ǰٶȣò˰ʱͿԵִ
£ȱɳҲð´ΥѾǧɳϿɣѾɳɳʹҶ֡
ǸݻԼûʲô
Ϊͳɳ֧ŵ㣬ɳ˶ɳ
ϣˣȴһ㡣
Ҷһڸո뿪ԭɳ䲻ӣͱˡ
ԭƽˮɳƾչ˴磬˲Ϣͻɳ죬һɲǵĹҶһˣͱɳˡ
СģɳеֶΡۼ˾̹䣬
ҲһɲǣǸոսҶһɵɳУ緭ĻɳͻȻļХ
һĻɳٶȣ˲ϢͿһ˼ٶȣһŽɫĹ⻪·һ㣬ҶҶܵһ
Ļɳֹǧ
ÿһĻɳļӳ£Դʯӵž˵ɱ
ɱǿҲֻһɳѣҶߵĽǿߣɵĳһɳĹ
ǣͬһʱܵĻɳʱǾһǳֲˡ
һЩΪڽڵ˲ϢͱǳĻɳƣͱֲĻɳĭ
˵ǣЩɢλεĽɫ⻪ĻɳȻ˺
Щٵոӳٴαɳᴩ飬ҽжһ
ǻɳһɲǣгʮ
ʱЩ̹ѡĿеͱ˾˵ļ
ʹˣ
һŭһһӭɱ˵ĻɳǵҶǰһѪǽ
˿ˣ
̹ˮɵĹ⻪͵˵ҶߣҶߡ
˵ʵ͵ϮҶûٸоġ
Ҷ澭ķ̫ˣַˣҶûһĻš
ɳʱҶǱһĶΣյҶ汾ܵĴ߶α
ϸܵϢĸҶȫҶţԽƷαǰĻɳ˲ġ
ҶģȴЩȿֺĶµҶǰҶѪǽǡ
ҳ¸ңһ˲ͽҶ𺳵ˡ
ͬʱһ˲֮гֵľ޴ҲҶޱȵʹġ
һ˦̹Ҫ˵֣ҶǰԪˮкһ㣬ɢ˷
òĽͨ·һ㣬ϸɳɳϸ΢Ĳ
ݣ
ɫĽ⣬·һһ㣬ҶԺɳҶǧɳйȥ
ɳһ˲Ĺ򣬾ͻϸ΢ķĩһɳӵصϣݺݵĺɽϡ
ɢȥɽɻҶڵɲǣɳӰҲǵɳи֡
û뵽õɳȻ˲ܵĹ˵Ѿˣû
ҲҶ濪ڵһɲǣɳңԶĳƲ֮е̫ʥ
ͻȻ۾еһĨɳֵĶӰͳϡ
ɳ˵ɳ
˼ÿһ


1852 컯
鱦񾵣ӵǿմ
ɲǣ̫ʥԭʧ
Ϣ֮󣬾Ҷ˱ɳΧǧ֮ĸ߿УʥӰƾճ֡
ʥϷܲ˳ּ©ʲôģԺСģ뱻иӦǵϢ֡
Ȼ˵ʥʵɳڣǿԺеġ
Ҳǻϣԣõ͵ʱʥѾ벽컯ΪǺܵ͵ġ
һĨǰɳϢӰ˿֮⣬Ŀá
ɳ˵ڧ˼
һ̣ʥϢϢŻɳĵطӽ
ɳɳˣԹžһޱѿеĹͷܶɳ֣Ӱӡ
ÿһΣʧˡ
ɽ죬ʥȴķ֣ɳȻڸɳڧʥĿ⵱пµĵطֱҪ̫ࡣ
ʥϢɳǧ׵ɲǣܾһ˲Ϣþޱȡ
ͻףԼ鱦ĹâһɲǼʥš
ҲһɲǣһƽƽɳǹӵǹһֿȥޱȵٶȺʥ
ֻӦ˵һִ
ռʱĴ
·һɳǹֵĵطʱ䶼һУ΢紵ĺۼҲˮ
ʥͫףǱһ˲˼¡
һָվƽˮͶʯһ㣬εɢ˷
ƽƽɳǹ˿̾Ͷˮʯӣ׼ȷĺʥָϡ
ʥոһָ˲Ϣ֧顣
һ˿Ѫʥָϳ֣ʥǱһֵֻһ㣬βɵ
Ĺ⻪뻤ɢȥ˴룬ʥһһ㣬֮ƿףնʼݣݵĿռݴ͸ǿҲñɵʥޱȵǱ
飬׷
㱻ףʥβͣ
³һڴѪŨ̵ʥ¸µЦɹôȥˣ϶Ȼû
ֻûϷôЦУһɳӹ⻪һһλŻɫۣݹӵ߾ƾճ֡
ֵɲǣɳɹһʥЩĵԽԽˣȻǱɳϷҪǳˡ
ߣǶûϷ򣬸˵ǽˡ
Կ
Цһʥе鱦һ⣬סʥɲǣ˲Ϣƿһ϶ǵ;ʥ˿ռ֮ͨС
ո׷ɳɹȴһЦȭͷ΢΢һһϸСɳԾ˵ٶȣǿռͨ£֮ǰ˿ռͨ
ռͨɲǣһϸɳȻ仯һֻɢȻɳȭ
ȻŸոնռͨʥһȭ¡
Ϲ
ŭһʥȭֻɢȻɳȭ
ֻɳȭȴһɲǹ⻪һһʮʮ١ٻǧһ˲ͷֻǧֻɢȻϢɳȭÿһֻɳȭϢǵһֻɳȭ
ʥ¶˾顣
һɲǣʥǱΧŹһ㣬ǧֻȭͷΧŹһ㣬ͬʱʥϣʥ˳ʹƺ
ռͨҲҵ£˾㤵ĺ
Ϣ֮ʥǱޱȵĳʮɳ֮Уһ
ʱʥû֮ǰǸɷǵĸģã׷ģǻѪ
ʥĿ⣬ȴĶе֮ϡ
׼ȷ˵鱦񾵵ķ֮ϡ
꣡
鱦񾵵ķϣըһƣȻٷٵ
棬Ȼűѵơ
ʥɫһڣҧͷһνɫıԴѪ֣Ȼʥһ񾵵ķϡ
ֹס񾵷ѵͷǣмޱȵƺ񾵷У񾵷ĲôС
ʥ˿̣ʹֱѪ
񾵣Ȼֻ鱦񾵵ķ̶ȣȴԶЩĺ鱦
Ʒ˵񾵵ķǽ鱦ͼƷ鱦֮䡣
˵ӵпռܵıޱȵġ
һЩͨӵпռܵĺ鱦ֵԺ鱦οǽ鱦ͼƷ鱦֮񾵷
񣬾Ȼɹ϶޷ת˺
ʧʧ˺üƷ鱦
Ϊ񾵷鱦񾵱ԴΪֻۣġ
һ𻵣ٴγȡ鱦񾵵ıԴ޷޸ġ
ʧ
ʥƵѪ
ɳ֮УɵĴڣ˵һƣƶûУ㣬
ɽһţһ
ֱǵѪù
ҿȥɳɹȻûн컯ʵȴǰǿˡ
һʥ͸ӵĺˡ
ֻǺ棬ɳɳ˵ڧѣܲ£ô͵ùɳɳĴɹأ
ͻȻ䣬ʥʶ£Բɺϡ
ǱһɳɳڧĴ˾ͳڸ
Բɺϡ
ֻ˵һ¡д·
ܾ˾飬ԲС£ĻᣬܷŹˡ
һָһĨ鱦񾵵ķٴų˹⻪ֻǾϵļѷ촦ȴһƬģС
龰ʥֱ顣
ת䣬ʥٴνͶ˷˾ɹֵĵط
չȥɲǣ棬˲ϢһƬڣ
ʥɫҲرޱȡ
Ĵ˾ɹȻʩչڱһռ䡣
ܹڱһռ䣬鱦ֶ̽Σͨ컯˲ʩչ컯
ɳ֮һλ컯˳֡
ܹԵʵʩչ컯Ҳνɳ޹ԭ
鱦񾵵ķ̽޹ʥ˼
һ㣬ǿԿ϶ġ
ʥȥĵط϶д·
ҪȻĴ˾ɹĴ˾ɹϧʩչ컯
£﷢ʲô飬ʥ͸֪ˡ
Ĵ˾ɹʥɲðա
ɳһޱаԵĵط컯ˣɲֹһλ
ʥһ벽컯ɲðա
˼Ϣ֮һʹʥ
ϧһдۣɳıʣйɳˣڲıʣԼκβͬ飬ҪеķѶһ
Զ֮⣬ĻɳУҶɳĶţŸոտʼ
Ǹ֪ǵͷһ˫ƵӣĿһУ


1853 Ҫ
ɳУҶýӵصױƳɳЩ⣬ģȴ
СӣҪ˵ϷûᡣϷͶüϷΪͽʱٻ󣡡ɳҶȵ
ڸҶһᣬ壬ȴʵأƾͿʼٵ
ȻһҶܾҪҶһɱġ
ҶԽʱڷٵתš
ٴԵڵǿߣҶʵѾɱѹȴһҲ١
Ҷǿ֮Ϊ̫࣬ˡ
ңҶһսԣһӡ
һܣҶµŬ͸ˡ
ȴǲҶĿʱ䣬ΪĹ滤ҶһٶһĵҶǰҡ
ȻǵΪҶ洴Ļᡣ
Уһٶǿߣ߹࣬ǣɱҲҪһʱ䡣
£Ҳκ⡣
תɲǣ֡
ҶҲһɲ𣬡ð֮踣ɱʹ´³Ҳòȥɣ
ͳεĻڣǾ޷һɱʹɳɣ
һ㣬Ϸ뵽ˣǱ֮󣬽ķ飬;Բκ֪һǲĵٴȰҶ棬ԣõѡ񣬾ͶϷ򣬰ϷΪʦ
˲֪ôܣ﷢飬һѶӳȥͿԴɳҶ˵
ԣȴЦԣ
Ҷ˵ҶĻأ̹кüͶӳ˷ѶͼϢȥ
˾ޱȵǣǵķѶոӳȥɲǣзɳǳ۾һݵĺȥЩѶ÷顣
ûһѶܹǰⷭĻɳΧ
Ϸɳ̥Ȼסǣȴٺʲ
һɲǣҶ滹̹ɫˡ
ʹˣϺ󣬲ϧһдۣҲҪ㻤ͳȥֻҪִԭɳ䣬;Բҵ¶̹֡괫
ûǸġ
̧ͷɲǣҶĿ⣬ͱԥмܴӦĻҿԿǰΪʦ
һ̹ޱȵȻȴǴϲ
ɳԣҶɱֻûֵƲѵѡ
ֻҪҶΪͽܽ󻯡
ʲôϷûбϲóͷԣʢͬʱܱ߷ĻɳҲӵŨء
ҵܼ򵥣֣Ҷָͷ
֣
ҵǡ
Ҳɳһɲǣƿֻ֮ǰӰһҶͳǰ
ӡ
ͻȻƽǰ׷ΧڵҶ棬ɽػһƬͷ£ͬʱҲѿڶ
Ҫ

֣һСɵʯشԺɳӭǣһͺҶ档
鱦ǰһĻ̹û뵽Ҷ澹Ȼɳ𾪵ķɳһ֣ȻǺ鱦
ɢź鱦ϢʯֵɲǣҶͫҲһ
ʢɲǣҶٴƾʧ
һΣʧֻҶ棬ͷµɽȴûʧڼ
֮ʣ˿Ĵ⡣
Ҷɫ⣬ѾԹһˣƷײߣƷ鱦ĳ̶ȣǽȴԶһƷ鱦
ڵǿȫ߶µĺ鱦ҪȻҲһͽӵصױƳǳļɵ
йѰҶӰɲǣĺ鱦ʯޱȵľ磬ɽ
ɫף˲Ϣ͵˻ɳǵɫݺݵɳͷɲǣ¡¡Ĺ쳹
Ҷ澪㵵ǣҶ׾ȻûкĻס
ǲܺƶԷף޷֮ϣȴҲӲ
Ҷʱŷ֣ɳ޵ϵ
ϵԷ޹Ҳˡ
ʱȴ־ŭҶ˵ΪֹǿߣȻڰľء
ȻһͺĻף𾪡
˲ϢҶ棬Ҫ֡
Ҷȴκһ㷴Ӧʱ䡣
η·˲һ㣬һ˲ǧ֮˼ÿһ˸һ׺¡
׵ķΧ֮ڣǿ߶Ҫɵ׹⣬ǱС
ɲǣѾйͷˡ
һ׵
ԪѹһɲȫҲѾʩչȫ
ʱʩչȫȴΪ˱ȫάĻס
ҪǱ׺һ˿Ϊɳǿֲĺ
Ҳһ˲䣬ɳеɳӿȥ˲Ϣɳܲһɳס
ɳ׽ɵɲǣɳһ
Ԫ֮ĳɱҶķӸӵĳ뻯ٶȴ߶£˲һ㡣
Ӧ˵˲ƻҪǿ
˲Ƶʱ򣬻һղҶķӣȴٶȿ쵽һ̶֮ӡ
Ҷϴǿߴսܽһܹĺ鱦ӵս
Ǿǽ
ֵ̫޴ı˲ƻҪطҶ䲻ͻ뵽ܵ׷Χǰ׷Χ֮ڡ
Χ֮ڣҶĺ鱦󻯣ú鱦ֱӺϡ
Ҷ׹޵ľףǧ֮ǿ߶ܵĿܣڵ׷ΧںԾǾ˵ٶȣǵǿߣֻӲ
ҲҶһ˲ͻɳ֮һֱɳԭ
־˵ı˲ƻҪٶط鱦׹ȴǾ䣡
ҶǣܼĺȻûкĻףսǿ
̧ͷһۻɳڵĻɳҶ涸˾ġ
鱦Ҳ޷͸ػɳʩչطɡ
֮ٴһΣҶһɳ״
ȥ
߳һȭͷС˸ɭɭ̹ĸǶ飬һʯͷһҶɳ
һۣɳɫһ䣬ʧ֮࣬о̰֮ɫ鱦
̰̰ǺСĵģĺ鱦ʯرƿҶĺ鱦Ƕ顣
Ҳһɲǣ뵽ɳʮ׵ķΧĸǶ飬ͻȻ̹š
īɫ·ըһ㣬ӸǶ֮б˲Ϣͽɳ˽ȥ
ƺһǶ鱬ĶΧɳȴЦȷʵ˵Ϸ򣬵ϷҪȴ練ơ
ЦδɳͻȻʧҽ
ʲôôߣɳӶȼգ쵰ҡ
ɳ϶˸棬ҶЦ
츽׻֮Ѿһһڶôˡ
ɳ׼ĴͣŸոտʼ


1854 ߶֮ķ
ޱȵĶꡢ顢ԣɱõķǳ
ǵǿߣڶǰҲҪԴ
ɳԣĵǿߣҪⶾ棬練ơ
£ⶾԶԵǿ˺˺ȴޡ
ǼϸǵԣǾͲһˡ
ӴƤѪΪȼĻɳףϱߴʱҲȼڵ档
ҪЧķи
ֻҪڵһʱ䣬ȼĵطƤնȥǾܹ˺׵С
Ǵ£֮ǰħͨϣڵ޷ڵһʱǵѡ
ңҶôܸԾȵĻأ
¡¡
ʱһǽһǵľ׾Ѿйɳϡ
ʱΪǶ˻ţһǿߵսܣȴɳз·һҵķƶţ󵫶ҶĽһ
ǷֵҶ棬ܸӰһһ׼ȷޱȵйϡ
֮ǰҶľ޷ɳĻף˺
ɳĻףڸǶ׻Ŀ£ɷһС
׻ޱȣں˶֮Ը
һɲǼ䣬ɳ׻֭ҺĻ
ǶѾ˳Żֱֲӿʼ
£Ҷľף׵ĺĻס
ɫ׹ʱɳĿҲ͡
䣡
ԼԼУһȭͽɳк䣬׹ɳ
һĻ̹żľҪ
ܵشɳУȴǷһ˿ɣǱΪɳԭġ
ֻҪɳһ㣬սͻ˲쭡
ɳαҪɳʩչġ
˵ɳǾǵսɳĴӪҲ̹Ҫԭ
ʯ䣬̹ľѹ޷ѵҶ档
̹Ƿһ˿ЦʹսɳòռһϷ磬Ϊˣ̫ɳɳеսˡ
սɲһɣǽɱ
ҪȻƾʲôôܺĴδνʧأ
̹ЦɲǣɳѾҶ±ߺĻɳ֮С
ɵϲ۽ţŤתǬʱˡ
ǻϲ⳹ţ͸Ȼֹ
һ˿⣬Ǿ⣬شɳϸ֡
Ҳһɲǣһİɫɳ͵ľޱȵ
ҶЩӶ˹ôܲ˽һأ
ԭǸ棬ⰵɫ֮ǷѾһɿ·û˵ǰɫ
츽׻ޱȵ׺ƽʱҶ֮⣬˭Ҳ
սʱȴҪԹԵСΪҶ
ǱȵлҪ˲ϢɳĸҪѨؽ֮С
ڵתޱȵɬ
ϰٵɫΧԴ۶ڱǷ˹ȥ
мʮͷһ㣬ֱӡãͷԵҪ
ҪǱʵˣǵǿߣҲҪɡ
֮䣬һŭһССûеĽӲӵķǳ΢СҲôˮ飬ʹԺɳ
˲Ϣ仯һƬɫĹĻԴס
ǵɫĹĻǰСǼʮͷһٲݴ߶£굽Ľ
û˵ǵɫĹĻֺЩ컯̫֮ٲݣȴ÷顣
˵С˯Щ꣬Ҳûȫûջ
Сʥ֮УڳֹʥŮ֮ʱԪ鰢ͳ̫ıԴ£СɹĴӽʥŮеĳֹֵһִе컯еİɶ
컯̫߼ˣֻаɣСҲա
С˯Щ꣬ݽߵСܵڳ컯
ȷͬ˵ָ޷ī֭ġ
ڸɱī֭н߰Ĺ⾰ָﵽ⣬ī
С״̬ĳ˯У컯ı䡣
£С÷ǳǿ˵ĸսõĻľ÷ǿ
ҲСƵܹ׵еԭ
Ǿ컯ȻҲ޷κǵɫĹĻ
Ҷ۾һ˲Ϣ뵽ʲô
ҶûĻӦ֮ܡ
ֻСĽɫˮΣӦ֮
ڣȻŷӳ֮ط
Ҳɳӵе֮ǳ٣ٵ˿
ӵôһΣʩչҶ޿κΡ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ˾ϡ
죬һҪɳȻֶξϧѻ꣬ҲҪõ߶֮ط
Сôһ֮ԷǿܣҶлǰͰ֮ᷢӳεǿã
СסҪڣ
һν¶ıйȥ֮Сᣡ
ͬһɲǣɽҲó㺮⣬ɳҪкţϾˡ
ɫҰķ賤ţɳĮɳĸ
֮Уľ
ڿϵɳΪҵɳԣʱСסǱסʺһ㣬һͨʩչ
ɳֵǣǸǶ治ϵķͬʱڵ֮УôʮȻޱȴڣ·Ѫһʼڵ
Ϊһǿߣڵ˵
££ѹ޷ЧĴؼõ䡣
Ԥڵɵʱ򣬾ڡ
Ŀǰٶȣʱ䲢Ҫ̫ʱͲˡ
ⲻɳġ
ɳʱģıĿǰ״
Ҷľף޷㾡ȫķˣǶ治ͣķǱϬޱȵɫ⣬òȫӦ
ȫӦҿ϶Ͼͻᱻ͸Ŀ
ʮĳȡʵÿһɲǶڱ֮С
ɳѾûʱУСҶΪֻ۷ʹ
֪Ҷʹӵǿĺ鱦;Բ˴⡣
ɳͷͻһֶĿ־塣
ôһθܵĿ־壬һô
㲻ܣ㲻ɱңɱңǲŹġͻȻ䣬ɫסЪ˹Ĵ
СٴοʼʵҶЦ
Ҳɱ㣬ҲûŹҰ
һǲһңºɳУǿ־塣
㣬ܣ
Ҷᶨҡҡͷһıߣһҵķʹıߣǲˡ㣬κʴȿԡ
ֻѪϴˢ
㡭
ŭһɳþ֮࣬˲Ϣͱüޱȡ
һɲǣҲɳôסԴĵɫֹ⻪һͽԴĸ¡
ѪɲǣǵɫĹ֣ѾԴ˰Χ
СӣڵģһڵģϷһʱʧȴգضʮٱĻϷһҪ
ţǵɫ֮ɵĹ־ʹԴԶ
ٶޱȡ
Ҷʩչ֮󣬾Ȼֻǿϡ

ŭ߳һһ׾׼ȷޱȵĺǵɫĹϡ
Ҷɵ۵ǣǵɫĹֻ֣ǲһ£Ҷľףȴֱˣ
ΪϷûбֶˣϷ֮ǰʩչֻǲʧˡ
Сӣ͵ϷıɣգϷһҪãܡ
ĴЦУɳԴĵɫ֣ٴμ٣һɫĽ⣬Ȼ˦ʩչӽŵҶ棬ѸԶȥ
ҶһĿģջûдɡ
һɲǣҶĿⶸһ
ΪҶ濴ɳԴԶĵɫ֣Ȼ͵ͣԶС
䣬Ҷ׷˸ǰ
ģȴһֻɻɳɵĴ֣ɳԴǵɫĹָ߬ġ
һӰΣбʵ
ͬһɲǣɳ־ϲĴ˾ˣ
˾̫ˣ
˾һҪΪұ𰡣ǰһðʹ˵ҵɳ


1855 
ͻȻǰ˾ɳһɹҶͷһͷ񱼶һֱƵ
˾ɹɳе̹Щ춼ҶĶйϼˡ
ǿߣնɱλ컯˵ս֮
ʵɲ⣬ɳػߣĹܼңɳħ
Ǹɳħ˵˶ɹĳƺ
ȵЩֻɳһɹͷеһֶѡ
ЩҶɹʵǳǿòҪɹͻ
νŲһҶУѾɹൽʥǱʥҪǿһǿ֮С
ɵɹеվҶǰʱҶ֪ˡ
Ҵĺס
ҶһСݵĻôʥһȵĳɳһɹһһۿͷĲ
ҶĳԾ޷ġ
۾ԻĿɳһɹվǰӦУȴ˿ӦɹĴڡ
Ҷ۾ʱǰǿտҰգ۾ʱɳһɹȴվǰﻹһԴ
ʵļܵҶֱѪ
ǸҶʹɳһɹҶ濪ʵ
ҶشֻʣԴɳٴɹˣû
ðΰʹϵǵ񣬻Ҫһͳɳ
˾һܷŹСޱǿĺ鱦˵һֿط
ǿطðʹҡײƭͼ߸ͳΣ
˾һҪȻٽѻ꣬һҪõǸط
ò˵ɳķӦޱȣԼҪҶطʧܣ˾ɹ֣ʱͽ³ĸ߶ȣ˲ϢͽҶͶ
˵ֻ꣬ʣԴɳЦСӣ˵ڵģһģûڣϾӦˡ
ҶһľȻûнκα⡣
£καⶼǶġ
ֻҪҪԸҶ棬ҶǻʵɳʹҲ޷ıҪԸҶľĵġ
ҶڣڿԽһ⡪
λΪսȰ벽컯ʥҪǿɳһǰӳ졣
ƾܣҶϣã
ʥͬǵľ̫ˣɹҲǿ
֮£ҶΨһҵģɹû鱦Ҷݡȵƣʧȥá
֪λܹնɱ컯˵Ŀֲ˾ʲôأ
£Ϸȫ֪
Ŵ˾ɹ仰ڣҶԪѾδ״̬Ѿڡ
羫顢Դ߶شϬ飬ţ飬ȫ׼״̬ƴ
Ԫ鰢Ҳ֪ĿǰεԣһƮ̫ıԴѾζ
ʱ׼ֻǸҶȡʮ֮һϢʱ䣬Ҳֵõġ
ҶǷ˿˿̹⣬СҲ׼ս״̬
ǹǷСڵһʱ׼
ɽ׹ԼǶ飬ҲҶ֮˸ʱԷǿһ
Щ׼Ҷ治˵ɳһɹֻȡһ㱦ʱ䡣
֣Ҷ澡ѹϢҶϢ
ɹûж˵˫ǵӶĶҶ棬ûκβƺҶпʲô
һԵɳɹȴǲʱ˵Ĵ˾СҪˣҪСģСӿޱȵĽƻ
룡
Ҷ׼ʱɳһɹͻŭ߳һ־͸˽һơ
Ҷɵ۵ǣƽƽһȥڹһĵɫ֣Ȼ顣
˳һɳԴһѿѵŵУһ춯ĲҺԪ͵ضݳɻһԶݡ
ǣɳһɹȴᣬ͵һţ˲Ϣ͸˷Բ׵ķΧ
һ䣬ӥ׽СһոӳԪ֡
˾Ǹʲô
¶һֱĹ޶ġܵ
ĵģֻԼɣѾױ˵ٹ⣬ˡ
ûУҶɳɳɳӻҪ࡭
Աʱɳһɹȴ¶˲ͷ飬һӣһɳģķ·ͲԪ֮ϣɳԪ鳹׷ͬʱҲɹı͡
ֻǾЪ˹ӡ
־о
һĻҶЩˡ
Ҷ汾ΪɳһɹĵһҪʰΪͼıνĿط
ɹȴڵһʱʰ
ˣ㲻õģΪֻˣܴ־
ʹݣдȷϣЩ飬Ϸȫ֪
Դںɳ䴦Ǹۼ˾꣬Ϸһֱڹע㣬һֱĽŲж
ƾĶۣǲʹΪȷʵΪɳ룬Ϊǰ£ʵ£֪£ǵ֮Դºӡ
ɳ岿滷δ꽫ɱɱĺת
һϣųɾϵļ˾ҪĺãϷҲϲ
һܹ츣ǧɳˣΣһˡ
룬ӦҸطһģأ
Ҷϵ亹˲Ϣ˳
Ҷһֱ̽
û뵽ոɳĺɳû죬Ѿ˾λɳһ˸ˣҶԼ
ֱλ˾ɹ֡
Ѿλɳһɹ˼ˣҪҶ̸лǽס
̸ĻʹݣҲԻϿɡ
ɹ֮˵ôֻ࣬Ҷ洫һһ⡣
ҶôãûҶ֣ô죬ҲҶ֡
ͨһ㣬Ҷ滺˵ͷԣ
ɹǸһ˿΢Ц⣬Ŀȴǿ̹ڵԶһ֮ǰȵðһǡ
ϾǵУɳ´ܻʲôõӰ졣
ԣ֪˾ôɳŵΪأҶʵ

أҶҶ͸о˱һȴݿܵסͷ·קһ㣬ҪҶקԶ
Ҷ󺧣ʶģԪ֮ͱ˲һǲ㿴ŵȴܸӦİס
飡
ǲסҶȻ飬˾ɹĿ⣬ȴ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ɹֻּҶȥû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼܹȥ
ΪɳһӳһĵǿߣҲ޷ȥ
ٴγҶ¶һЦɹʹͷ̹ڵķ
ҶҲǷӦ˹ӦɹҪȥ
ɹ
һۻĲκͷεҽܣ̹һþϲޱȣ¶η֮ͬʱһû˿ԥɹȥ
ٴҶ濴ɳһɹɳܱȵ
̰ɱ˫ۣɳ񣬲˷ŵľٶΪѾŭ
ڷţϷֻɱԭɳԪ顣Ԫ飬˽־Уĳͷ
˵ţ˾ɹͽеԪ߾
УɹеԪСϣд
Ҳ벻˾ȻȻɳ񣬱ɳڲص
ڴͬʱǰһص̹Ѿţߺ˾ɹš
ڣǿҸطһˣ˾ɹĿ⿴Ҷ档
Ҷͷ֮ʣɹһŵɳȥɣ


1856 ɳĶ
Ҷڴ˾ɹ˵ɳȥʱҶԭʩչݷϡ
ϾʵʵɳĮĺ
ҶʩչݵʱɳӣͻȻһ㣬ˮһԶſһ׵ɳͨ
ҶȻǴ˾ɹֶΣޱȵľ档
ڴУһ㣬ѣˮģɳУһ㣬ϾͲܡ
ҶԼԣһףɳǺˮһԶſˡ
Ҷĸڴ˾ɹ󣬳Ǹ׵ɳͨ
ɲǣոշֿĻɳǱֿĺˮºһ㣬ҶͷϿա
ǣ۶ٻɳ¸ʼֻܸǵҶͷ״
Ҷ֮࣬˾ɹٶ͵ؼ֮ͻȻ͹Ӱ˸
ɳʱ·һ㣬ɿ䶯飬Ҷ浽ʱһɻɳɡػƵĻɳƾ͡
źȻϵʱ򣬴˾ɹһӣһɳ͵ɳֻɳξƾ֡

ɹʾҶ¡
˾ɹһֶΣѾҶˡ
ɳ֮ҶͿʼþûǰɳɳ
ǳļ̣ҶþȫҲûдϱ߿±ɳ
Ҷ׼һɳεǿȵʱ򣬴˾ɹȻʧЦһͨɳɳΣģҪȤһ£ɹζ˵
Ҷһ£ָᵯһöɵ꣬ͼХź˹ȥ
ɳǽϺȻɳǽܲ·΢˸һ£Ļʹ𣬶ɳǽȴǺ
Ҷ𾪣޷ݵġ
꣬ȻҶĿǰǿһǿԺɱߵɱУ۷ǿߵȫһȻɳǽڶ޷
ɳӪĵãҶˣǰɳȴҶ˾ɹ͡
͵һɳǿ˾ɹжǿ
ô𾪣Ǻ棿ǲ⣿˾ɹЦеĿҶ档
аɡҶĻشʵڡ
˽𣿡ɹٴЦеʵ
Ҷԥĵ˵ͷ
ܺã̸˳˽ġ
˾ɹЦţһӣɳɲǣһ͹ӡڱڶ⻬ɳɳٴ͡
ҶҴ֤ĸӦУ׾µɳԲɹóģƾûɳ˲ͳġ
һΣɹûйҶ棬һУһȪӵص׳Ͷɳ֮УĦһ£ɳڵˮͷ
ִȡһµĲޣͶ˼׵ɫĲҶȥ
һΣҶ濴ĺУǲޣƾ͵ģǴӴռȡġ
ɳе衣
в뱭˾ɹͰӣƷǰǱ衣
ҶԲо࣬ڣ˿ڱǣʱһɢ֫ٺһֱ
ͬһɲǣҶ΢΢һ鹬֮еľˮ𡢽ߴ鹬Ȼͬʱ΢΢һߴ鹬Ȼ׳ôһ˿
Ҷٴһ
֮еĸ鹬ʵ֮ǰҶ츳Ѫ
ע츳ѪǼġ
Ҷ֮ǰԵɺ֮ԴΪͻƵ֮󣬾κα仯
֮鹬ĴСʵǹ̶ġ
ҶʱǾ鹬ȴ޷鹬ҶͻƵ
ǣһ裬ȴҶ鹬׳󣬶鹬׳󣬾ʹҶΪ粻仯£ʵȴ
֮裬ֱ츳Ѫ
ֱ˵ΪȫͬţߵΪǱûΪôһ˿
ңһεĺôջ۵ãֱ
ôƷζ𣿡
ԹԵָԼһ裬˾ɹ˵˲ΪɳݣҶӾɳ֮Ϊɳ裬Ч
˿츳Ѫ׳鹬֮⣬ջ̱Դ١
Ϸܻôãǿɳ֮
ϣÿһһ꣬Ϸ£ǰĲ豭ɹȴ¶һ˿ɪ֮⡣
Ҷԣȴǵһ
˵׳츳Ѫã֮ٵãޱȵĿֲˡ
Ȼջ֮£һ£ȰͿԶʮ꣬һãҲ㹻ЩϹˡ
Ų豭ɹ˵⣬ӦɣǰƬɳĲҶͿɻһö
⼸鱩ǣƬɳĲҶܻһö
էһҶ汻۸ˣļ۸ǿɲǸǵģҶ
λ˾ɹĪҶԼȴΪԭɳ
ҶЩĪ飬ѵλ˾ɹ֪ʲô
ɹĻͷûͣᵽĺô϶֪ɳǰɣ
ɳأ֮ڣֻһǾҪ𣿡ɹ̧ۿҶ档
Ҷʶĵ˵ͷȴȻһ˾ɹôеջӡ
ɳ裬׳ն
ҶͷɹȴǴЦģлģ
һ⡣ɹٴοڡ
ǰ뽲
ģɳ֮УĶʲôɹ֣ʵ
Ķɳ֮УĶӦþˮɣҶ˵
ԣɹȴǻҡҡͷǣģһõˮܹ֮֯˴ٴεĽ
ǧĽʮΡɳ֮Уλһλʬ壿
ⷬҶĿɿڴ
ΪѲ˾ѲʹҶ֪ʷġ
ÿһνɳж˴ֲսҶû뵽ģȻ֮
Щ߸ϣ֮еȻһλ֮࣡
ٲ£
һΣҶ˼һ£Żش𣬡ģǾͲͨԴ
ϲͽǶĵģӦɳǰ˿ڣ
е˼ǲԡɹٴЦ
ǲԣ
Ҷüͷ˵ʵɳ˽⣬ɳȻҲܶԴϧĴʵǲࡣ
Ҫ֪Щһȫ컯˰
ҶĿ⣬˴˾ɹǰĲϣѵɳ裿
Ҷģпܡ
ϾЩϲģΪ˸ƾõԪʲô¶ó
һΣ˾ɹҡͷ
βԣҶɴ༫һֵСʵڲ²ǰָ㣬ɳ֮УĶʲô


1857 ½
λɳһɹиһνɫˮһɲǣҶ۾͵صɴ󣬳Ծѡ
ⶫӦòİɣɹĿĶеһνɫˮ飬Ŀרעޱȡ
оڿһˮ飬񣬾һڿ벻һ㣬רע˼㡣
ϷԿóѾԪ飬Щ죬ʹ֮Ѿõ˲Ըɣ
ⶫֽԸҶʵʵĵͷʵ
ƺ߽ܶ࣬ԸЩżҲΪ֮֮У֮ΪЩĽг֮Уֳ֮Ϊ̫ʥˮɹ˵
Ը̫֮ʥˮЩƣҶɻǰ֪ⶫӦú󣬵ҲףΪʲôⶫɳ֮Ķأ
ԸҲգ֮ҲգһľҿԿ϶Ĳ϶벻ɳ֮ɳˣɳ˵ߡ
ôΣɳˣӦɳ֮мֵİɣҶɻ
Ϸԣ˵ȷġͼıɳԣɳˣûмֵͼġ
ֻҪռɳֻҪɳ˲дĿˣֻҪʱ䣬˿ھʮڡ
ҲͿԻԴԴĺԸ
˾ɹ˵ĺֱףҶ棬Щף˵⡣
ǰҲףܵ۹˿ڸߴǧڣͽɣǾǽǧͽ
ΪʲôҪôĴۣƶɳϧҶ治
ΪɳУԸ͸ɳ֮еɳһ㣬޾
ɹͻȻǰˣ·˵һֵÿҫ飬ڸҶ潲һޱȵ˼¡
з·بžʹڵıȻ̵Ҷ͵һʹ
ƬɳĲңҲɳ˵ıȴˡ
ɳһɹǱ˵ҶЩãһĻĻĻҶԺи֣ҶͻȻ֮䣬Ͷˡ
ȳҶԺеĻ棬ɳǱҵȴΪһˮһ뷹Ϊܹȥ
һ磬һɳһγĸ£ȴǼϣһдݻ٣
󣬾񼣵չ֣Ҷģ¸ǻȥϣ
ǽЩǻȥϣĴڣ񣬵ļС
еЩǿĴڱǣӻǣԸԼһС
ǣǿߡ
Ҷ˻ôԸ
Ҷѵܵһ˿һĺôĸжĤݡ
󣬳ҶԺеģԪ鰢˵Ĵ½˵һ仰
Ը䣬޿ߣ
ǺԸҲǸ̾
ԺʱҶ˲ϢͶˣ׵˴˾ɹǱ˵
䣬ֻڱޱȵеˣŻΪһϣʹԼж
ҲֻǣŻĲһеȥԼΪԼoһУ
ҲֻǵУſܴģĳֿߡ
УЩҵǣʵǿԸʵֲ
µǿѣģȴЩޱϲԸ̫ʥˮ
ҲֻĿѵĻУƬɳ֮УԸ̫֮ʥˮ
ԣǸЩ߸ϵǷٶٺԸǵˮƽȻ˿ĺת
ǸŬԼѪıԼЩ߸ϵɻһҹ֮ʧС
ΪֻпѣЩɳˣΪߣԸ
һ˲䣬Ҷˡ
Ĵ½ǺԸҲ˴˾ɹе޾ı
Ϊɳǿѵ˱ˡ
Ը䣬޿ߣ
ģҶ潫Ĵ½ĺԸ˳
һʣô˾ɹоⱬҶĿ⣬رޱȡ
ǣҶ澪ȵı仯ȴҶ顣
öû飬ͻȻһ£Ҷͱǿڲ
ͬһɲǣһ£ͷڣƳ˵鴴½ĹӰͼͻأĳҶǰ
ҶþޱȣһУ˵ǽ԰λ½ҲΪ
û뵽λѾɵ½룬ȻٴγڵҶǰ
һɲǣƮɵ½뿪ˡ


1858 
Ը䣬޿ߣ
Ҷ½븺ֶʳ仰仰½ĿʳȴһȫͬĶζ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ã˲͸仰ϷһƳ˯Ĳлꡣ
СѼȻܹõ飬ôСѶϷӦòİɡ½Ŀ⣬Ҷ档
½ǰֻҪʳԸ޿仰ܹ𣿡Ҷ治ʡ
½뻺ҡҡͷô򵥡Ҫʳ仰ʳ֮ʱľҪϷľﵽһ»˵ͬһƵʣϷطϷĲлꡣ
Ҳ˵ֻ׵͸仰ӵкϷľܻϷĲлꡣ
û͸ʹǧ飬Ҳûκõġ
½͵ĺҶҲˣҶȴ½ĽУһؼʡ
½˵Ҷֻ
ʵľӵҶѣ֮Ҳ˵½ĿУҶ沢ˡ
ɷǵ½˫۾·ԿһƵģɻҶͷʱ½硣
ûΪֹСѻֻˣϾˡ
½ǰ˼ǣҶƺЩˡ
Ȼܹ͸ϷԸϷĲлֻ꣬ҪԸ⣬ϷͿΪŵӣΪˡ½˵
ҶѾǵëͷСˡ
ʮǰ仰ҶͷͰˣڣҶȴڿ⼸¡
½ǰĵӣǲǾ͵ðδĺԸ
Ը䡢޿ߡԸǺõģҶҲ͸ˣҲ½Ǳ˵ػ
ǲ͸ˣȴζҶҪȥ¡
Ҳֻв͸ˡԸ޿ߡԸҶжѡ
ţҶҪЩǿ󲿷ֵ컯ԡ
ΪҲֻЩӷΪϵ컯ˣѵʼٸߡ
Ҷ棬ʥˡ
ɳߣҶ沢չ񼣣Լֶȥɳ˵滷ҲԼΧ֮ڡ
һ仰Ҷ治ҲԸʥˣ
Ҷ濴ֺܹԸ½룬еʥ˵̬ˡ
ôܣ
Ϸ궼ûΪ֮ɵ飬ôǿȥ½Ц
ܹ͸仰ҴﵽϷľˣԲʲôˡϷԸҲҪʥˣϷֻϣ磬ܹıɡ½뻺˵
ģ
ľ׽Ʒζĸ֣Ҷ滺ĵ˵ͷһ㣬ҿ
ҶĻһתҳʱǰɵ龰ЩˣΪǰ֡
ǰղȴ˵ΪԸɵģҶ½뷽ŵУõһϢ
ģƾһЩ֮𣿡
½ϸһ˿⣬Щ£ҪһûʵĽڣҪӣҪƷ
仰ҶĿɿڴҶû뵽½ɷǵĴڣȻҲ˱ֿڣ
ϷԸȴǴǵʹǰо
оҶʱ򣬾һ汦һɻ
½ȴǿЦ˵ʵϷǺϲİʰ̽ĵӵġ
ǣϷлܹ֧꣬ŵʱ䲻ˡ
·ͻȻϷֻǧһ֮һ㲼ãôһл꣬޷ֶΣԣϷȻҪҲûˡ
ˣϷļͷʦɣҲ㽫Ϸһܹȥ½˵
ʦҶ汾Щԥġ
Ͼ½ΪʦζҶҪΧɱ½ǼλֲΪУҶ滹Щԥ
Ҷתһ룬ܲҪ
û飬ҶҲͬͬˮ
ǰʱҶףΧɱ½Щֲڣһйϵġ
ңҶһУǰ͡
ǱҶҲðʦ
ҪȻҶԼȹԼһء
ڣȻҶֻһҶ滹¹ڣݣƽɽ½ȥ
Ŀͷ½ҲһݵҶߵݡ
ʱ䲻ʦʽʹӼˣӴ˿½ĵھ״ӡ
Ϸ֮ǰ㶨Ϸһվ״ӣֱϷǰֻ˰״ӣϷΪˡ
û뵽ھ״ӣȴӦϡ
˵½һ£аλʦ֣ܱϷΪӵģž֮
Ϸ֮Ǽ޳֮ͽƲŹǵġҲ֪ǰλӵУмܹҴ棬պܲҲδ֪
ǣҲóȻţһҪһۣСġ½뽻
ҶЩ죬ʦǺιʣ

½볤̾һ¶˱֮ɫΪʦ걻ҲŴй¶ЩǰֶΣɡ
֪ΪʦŴģΨΪʦİ״ӡΪʦ˼
ʦ˼ǣǰʦ֮УͽҶʵ
½˵ͷһˣ಻ᳬˣҲΪʦڻһ¡
Ϸÿһ״ӣǾľû뵽ȴ⵽ǵıѡĻǸͽӦû
Ϊʦ㣬κζҪ󣬾ֻˡ
ԺǸͽԽУΪʦŻҲǼΪʦˡ
ֻҪӷˣʱһµġ½ҪܿɣҶӦҲˬ졣
ã½ˣôΪʦ˵¡
Ϊʦһѧޱȣ˵ǰҲ˿ΪҪһһ㣬ϰ궼̲ꡣ
ңϷ֮ǰ飬ʵϷһѪˡֻҪô÷֮ãϷǿưطҲΪ
Ҳ߳һԼеǿ֮·
˵½ЦҪǣ³ֻôһĲлΪʦЩطȫ¼㣬Ҳ
仰ո˵꣬½ӰͻȻ䲨һ£òʵ
һƲл꣬ҪɢˣסӴ˿ŵڶţԻᣬĻؽš
ܣǾͰˡ
ˡָճڣ½Ĳл;ҵĲҵĲУ½Ĳл꿪ʼ⡣
Ҷ漱ˣ˵Ҫ÷ôʲôû˵ɢˡ
Ҳһɲǣ½ڱĲлһָֻطɳڱ֮ǰҶϡ
һֵϢͳҶԺ֮С
ΪʦлΨһܹһ㶫÷Ҳڡ
Ҷ棬Ϊ֮Ϊʦȥˣ
صɲǣҶǰ½л꣬ͳױ⣬һ˿һټҲһɲǣҶؿڵ飬ͻȻ


1859 
һֱҶһֱǴҶؿѨѡλãҶԺԪ鰢Ԫ鰢ԳҶ֮С
һֱҶȴ޷ƶλá
ɴ˿̣½ĲлոɢɲǣҶ汻ǿڵǵͱһĪֱ
Ҷ滹ûзӦ֮ǰҶӡѾ
ͬһɲǣ黯һ⣬ݽҶ֮С
ոնݽɲǣͻԪ鰢˵ģԵޱȵĻ壬ռҶ֮ԪϷĵط׹顢Ƕ顢ɽ鱦˱ϡ
ҲһɲǣҶһζһָʹĸо
ҶоֻҪͷһָģͻȥġ
֮ǰҪԪ鰢ṩҶ̫ͱԴڣҶѾ׾ٵǵڡ
ֻҪҶ涯Ϳֱӵ̫ͱԴͨԪ鰢
һθҶһĸо
˵ʵʦ½͵ҶԺеֵĽҶϸĿоо
ʦ½˵÷ʲô
⣬һĴ˾ɹڵȴţҶɲɹʲô
ĿǰԣҶܡ
䣬Ҷʹ뿪תɴ˾ɹصɳ֮УٴԴ˾ɹ
Ȼ˵Ҷ淽ʦ½뽻˰Ӳʱ䣬ڣȴʱ֮¡
Ҷʦ½뽻˽ӣʱ䣬ʵҲ͹һϢʱѡ
㷽ţƺһı仯Ƕ𣿡˫¿ʼۼҶ棬˾ɹһĺ档
ɹʣҶ˳ˮۣΪǾ仰ͻȻУ򡣡
Ը䣬޿仰𣿡ɹ̾˵仰ˣԲͨˡ
ҲǺ£ǻǼǵĻ⡣ɹ˵
ɳ֮УĶԸˡЩɳ˵ԽңǷϵԸԽࡣ
ܲڣҲЩҵɳ˷ϵԸߡ
ɳ񴴽ʼĿǸɳӵ滷
ɳ֮Уһһ˼ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣҲǵɳġ
ǣԴɳʧ֮Ҳ޷ģĴϷһܹһҲǼˡ
Ҵֻ磬Ҫǳ׳ɳҪʩչطϡ
˵ɳʧ֮ɳĿһֱǸֱʹ֣
˾ɹΪʹҶеΣ˾ǸֻһЩѵɳˣһøɳܹĺһ㡣
չʾһν֮ͻȻ䷢֣Ȼܹջ֮
֪ø֮ðʹ
Ҷϵĺܹʱ򣬷Ҳûõģֱ˵ĳϡ
˾ɹ¶֮ɫϷ֪Ϸ֪ʵڰЩɳˣԣϷһֱڰй۲㣬ûдŹ㡣
˾֣᲻һֱ۲ȥҶͻʵ
ôᣬ֣ϷҲʱ㣬úõ̸һ̸ɹ˵
̸һ̸ҶһĲţ̸һ̸𣿡
ҲΪסλɳһƿߣڴ˿ڱ¶Ŀġ
ԸꡣҶһɣΪҲֻĿģܽ͵λ˾ɹĿǰΪ
ңֱӴɱΪɹҶĳ⡣
ڴһ棬ӵнɳһֶΡ
ҪˣɳҲҪ㡣㣬ҲҪһΪͳɳĹٷϿɡ˾ɹ˵
ҶţȴǻҡҡͷȻǽףǸ⽻֮Уƺûпܵõʲôô
ʹݣɳٹ⣬ջֻ֮Ǳȫ׷ɱɱӣϷ˵˰ɣ˾ɹЦ
ҶȴһҿԽΪв

˾ɹܼᶨֻϷһȽ϶ѣ£ҲԿǺ
ңϷģʹݣ㽫ٹɳʹ֮ɳʱ㽫Ϊߣ
ңΪףҶЩԾѰģҳΪףأ
ԭԺ֪ģϷԱ֤ǣպ󲻽ΪףΪɳˡ
ңЩӦΪʹ֮󣬾ͻܵϷĳˡ
ңǺ֮飬ڵ飬ûκ𣬶ɳʹ֮Ĵչ񼣣ûκζĸ˾ɹһ䡣
ҶЩ¡
ϵڱĸо
ȻµǰᣬΪҶڴ棬ӵнһֶΡ
ֺ²࣬ҶϲҾĿǰԣҶҲûκѡ
˾ɹҲֻչҶӶԡ
˾һʣ
뽲
ȻطҪ˾ΪʲôԣƳǴķѻ꣬һأҶĿǰͷɻ
ԣ˾ɹЦ
뷨Ϊ֪ɳʧ֮ǰѾ
һ⽻ǾٿޣͽҲ컯ˣҲԶ޷ʩչǵһЧ
ҪģĴһЩؼһ޶ͼ
ٿޣҲõġ
ϷЩĿޣҲ֤һ㣬ȻϷûн컯ˣΪȴһ㲻컯˲
ʩչǴЧɲɳ֮һ
㣬ЧӽɳһˣҲϷΨһֵһλ
˵Ϸð˴գȥɳΨһϣ˾ɹ˵
ò˵ɹⷬͣҶͷɻҲҶ泹׵ķˡ
Ǻǽףû⣬һ˾ӦҶ˵
ʲô
߶ԸطҪطҶ˵
ԣ˾ɹһͿҶЦ


1860 
˾ɹʹҶԽǧľ룬һƬϿա
޵ģһƬΡĽȺ
ɳͳġڵء
ʱҶ棬ھȣ˵֮С
֮ǰǸصɳҶŴ˾ɹҪ߶Ըط
ʱ˾ɹЦЦҶĪ
ϷΪҪʲôȻֻ
ˣϷ򷽲˵㽫ǻΪߵĴڣպɳģ˵طˡ
Ȼ㻹ǲţôרطϷھ͸㣬Ϸ֮Ľףɾǳ׵Ĵˡ
Ҷ׳һ򣬴˾ɹռ˱һ㣬ȲûɳҶ棬䣬͵ִɳġƽǣ
Ҷ֮ǰһֱ룬ҪǴ˾ɹԸأ
취õ߶Ըطأ
ҶԺתǧٸ뷨Ӧ֮ͼ֮İ취
û뵽õɡ
ҲҶٴһμʶ˴˾ɹĳ⡣
ҪټλɳԼһۼ˾ۼ˾ɳССͷˣȻʹ
Ҫһʱ䣬һҰɡɹ˵
᣿
ҶһĳԾ˾ǲǿ˵㣿ƾðһʹܹ𣿡
Ȼ֪ߣʵǿֻһĻֱҼΪʹвͨҶ˵Լĵġ
ôһôֻһ
ܵ۹ȻԴܻҵǿƣܵʼ¡ҪʱʱЭ
ɹһ֮ɫڣֻɳʱάһȨ
ϷûɳȨڣĿǰȻֻϷһ
ǣϷȴǸ
ңÿһɳɳʵͽǻͬҵġɹһš
ɹ˵ĺףҶȴЩš
Ҿģһ֮ǰһչʾ񼣲ķʱҵʹ֮ӦûɷࡣҶ潨
ԣ˾ɹȴҡҡͷ㲻λɳɺһ³ɣ
ֻʹ֮Ĳķøɳܵٹҫ
İɣһУͽϷŰɣô˵ϷƿҲˡɹ˵
Ǿʹ˾ˡ
Ҷһ룬Ҳǡ
˾ɹƿˣȻţӦû⡣
ҲǴ˾ɹͷۡ
ҶԼʱϣиĻúõĿʦ½ĶԼı仯
д˾ɹĴ߶ԸķΡ
ûȺĶǸƽɽڣһй
һֱάҲûưܡ
ʱ䣬ȾסǸйΪʹݾӹɣȷݣΪ޽µĹɹ˵
û⣬ֻҪһˣ̹ҵЩأҶ¡
ϷѾ֪ͨǣȫٸϹǧľ룬ǵִԼҪʱɡɹ˵
֮󣬴˾ɹһƽҶ棬뿪ɽй
ŹһŮۡԼйܹܣҶһˣɣǸøʲôʲôȥܹܣߣҽһƽй
ΪЧͣҵңйܹܻһ֣ǧλۡŮȫɢˡ
ˣ롣
µͷҶ淴ˡ
ʦ½ĴڣɹҶйش߶ԸطҶУٿһû¡
ǣԼİȫҶ򲻸
ҶὫԼİȫڱ˵ϡ
˾ɹȷʵ˫ѱﲻʲô⡣
ңӽɳڣҶһֱǸʥһ鱦ѰҶټء
ʥ᲻ҵҲ֣ҶԼȴҪ׼֡
˽һɽй˽һڲ顣
£ɳ֮Уǲִɽġ
ƽɽȣɫһǽĻɳڻ֮Ϊ
ɽȣԲ񷶥һȥƣԾļٷɳֱ䡣
ɽй¶ԽϵͲ˵ɳҲС
ټйڲغͳƼõĻľйԴһ㡣
һ˿ҶĽŲ£˷
ף±һ׵Ĵ󣬻ڰر״̬ľ书ȴǿġ
ûһֶΣǵǿߣҲ޷ϢĴ롣
ȴס׵ݣͬģҲסҡСŵҶ鹬д
ܹܣɷΪ˵һɳ״Ҷǻܹܱ߱š
ˣԸ
ڣǴ˾ڣֻλɳ
һֻλɳô˵УֻλǿࣿҶʵ
ǵģˣɳһǵǿߣͻƵȴһܹΪɳ

Ҷɽйй˴ʱɽйĵκͽֲָƵͬʱҲλйĻܹ˴ʱ
ҲǴ˾ɹ֮ǰĽܹܸҶĽĺϸȻҲҶʵݣйء
Ҷڲһµ˽⡣
ڲһλɳԴ˾ɹΪס
λɳֱǷֱɳţФ󡢻˰¡ȣѾ˾ɹɵ
ȻϢֻҶɹ֪ˡ
Ⱥڽǧ½ɳȽ̱ȽС֡
ĿǰŵɳУǸ˾ɹͬһʱ̷ɳɳ
Ф󡢻˰¡λǰʱɳĺǣҲʵɡ
ҶĵǣûܹܵĻ˵ɳ֮У˾ɹĻһܹá
ɳУΪܳΪɳֻµһгɵĵǿߣܹΪɳ
ԣɳеĵǿߣֻλ
λܹܵĹƣɳĵǿӦʮϣڸλɳ
˵ڲг
ˣҪңˣ뾲֮УֻҪƼ󷨣ܹŵġ
£ǻϵˣʱͨ뿪һ߸´УܹܽҶ͵һҵſڡ
õģͻܹˡҶӹƣһת̤йҡ


1861 
йңҶ˳ּйҵػȻϸĽйڵĸֽоһͨ
ȷûʲô©Ĳ֮ҶϥĿʶϸϸĶ׽ʦ½лµһԡ
һ֮УȽģšҲ½İλ״ӡ
λ״֮Уʦַգʦ죬ʦߣʦ½裬ʦʦīʦֺܣʦׯ
λʦ½˵ÿһλž֮
½뵱λΪ״ʱÿһλĹ۲ڣ˶ʮ꣬˵λʦʦ츳ԡƷʶϺʦ½Ҫ£ճ״ӡ
Ҳԭ򣬵ĿǰΪֹ½ʦҲ벻λ֮һλᱳѳ
п˵λʦʦ֮УÿһλбĿܡ
ʦֺܵıѵĿԣѾų
Ϊʦֺǵ½״ӣڱûã͵䣬ɢ
ʦ½ҲûбѵĿԣΪʦ½ʦ½ΨһĹѪŮ
λ֮⣬ʣµλ״֮Упͽ
ĺƽ֮УҲ֪λ״ӻ˼λУ½ȴֶҶ棬һķҴʦ֣Ҫ־衣
Ϊʦ֣϶һλͽ
Ҳ½ʹĵĵطޱ״ӣܹǳƽ֮ҴǣҴĵӣȴпͽ
Щ֮⣬½뻹ϸĸҶÿһλʦֵܵ޹Ҫ
һϣҶ濴óʵʦ½ĹҳͽҶŻѪޡ
ڵˣڲı߸ɺޡ
½Ļ˵֮ŰӺҾһܹ⡣
ڵǽڰգ³Ժòȥ
½ٳѣ⡣
˰λ״ӵ飬нһ£ŵĴˡ
ͨط񣬵пԳ֮Ϊжֵģֻֻŵ
ΪϲΪ龭е֮أҲ֮ɱ֮ط
龭УҪԪܵطԪĹضݻޱȵĸܣ֮УԿŽǰ塣
龭ĹطͶͿֻɢ
ϧǣϰ벿½֮еģֻмûľ
ԭʦ½Ҳĺ龭֮أֿǴԪݻطѧϰУᣬпѧɡ
½֮֮һлڵ̫ˣһѣ̸޷֧̫ʱ䡣
˵ʩչͨݻطؾѧϰˡ
ĵԪ̫֮ˡ
½ȫʢʱڣ龭ҲҪĵԪ֮һ
֮ûУȴ龭޷ڸҶ״ӡ
½Խƽʱϲб޻
Ȼλ״֮УһֱûоһŵڶţǣϾ֮ʱôͨһ
˾ֻҪ£λӾͿԽ贫龭ѧϰ龭еط
ϧǣδȾһѡˡ
ܷԾǰ;ףΣͷ½£ڶ֮λŵĴеʦֺܡ
û뵽ȴᣬûʩչطͺ뿪ʦֺܾȻɢˡ
ԣ龭Ĵʹ
ΪʱѾɣǿ޵ĿռͰȫԣ½ˣЩҪĶȫڡ
ʲô½û˵Ķȫڡ
ҵǣ鱻ЩʩչطˣڵĿռ䱻ʩչ˾ط
طһǽһ㣬ľؿռ˾ŸĿռ䡣
½ƷҲΪѷŵλòָͬطռڡ
Ϊ½Ʒмԭ½Ʒȫʣµĵءءڰءھطռ֮ڡ
ʦ½˵ҶĿǰ⿪ǰطռ䣬ֻΧռ䡣
ֻҪ⿪ļطͿ½Ļһ½Ʒ
ҶЩĶʦ½ĴڣÿһƷһǵǿ߶ԣ¶ޱıɡ
ҪĴ龭ŵͨط伮طռ֮С
龭Ĵһطռ֮У͵ÿҶˡ
ʦ½Ļ˵鱻ʱܵ˾𵴣龭ĴһأҲ֪


1862 ؾ
ϰ벿ҶȻڴޱȣʱûõġ
ʦ½뵱ʱΣҶҲ⡣
ľطҶѾ⿪أʣµطҶҲսƿֻʱ⡣
һطռõ龭Ĵ򣬾͵ÿҶˡ
°벿ʦ½֮Уļ¼һǧ֣ԵĿ˿Ҷ֪ᡣ
Ϊ°벿ʵ龭ĻͲ䡣
龭ɱأڸ
ĵһȹ׳Ԫ֮龭Ļ
ԪԽǿ龭еطԽǿǻ
Ҷϲ
ǿطͱȽϡ٣۸ӣÿһطǲ֮أ˵׳Ԫط
Ҷطǵ½Ʒײߡ
Ҷܹ֮Ԫ飬ǿսѪħħ꣬ҪȻҶԲھԪ飬Ľ׶ء
Ҷ׳Ԫ飬õɵķʽŬֻҪˣôԪͻ׳
Ҷһ׳ԪطʹֱѪ
Ҫõ²ԸϴҶԪ飬Ҳ׳Ŀǰ硣
ڻ
ĵڶ֣ĺˡ
ⲿ֣ʦ½˵ĺ£ͰͿɣֻҪﵽһ̶ȣͿףǶ
ǣ½뻹Ҷ˾档
ȷʵǶҲ̫
֮ǰ̫ԼóǴ󼪣ûġ
ʵϣʱ½Ķֶһ鱦ˣ½õ׼Ȼ
һ㣬½Ҷ棬ãοԲԹۺʱһҪǰøһƣ
ĵ֣һЩԪõСŻطˡ

ҶʵİҶܹЩԣǰ֮
½ڹֻ̻ʱöЩ΢С顣
ֻҪڣܹЩ΢СĽ̸Ȼ֮ġ
طʮһЩʵõطţҶ׼֮һһг
Ҷʱеģȴʦ½֮ǰԵҶʹ÷ֻƤëѡ
Ե󣬼ȷʹ÷
һʩ˾طӡݣÿƿһӡݣҶͻӦĻһֻ߼
ʵϣֻ鱻ʩӷӡʱһɺ϶ѣÿһطӡݣǡþͷһ
ǣ⿪ģĺȻطӡзǿ
ǣ½뿴ĺֻоռʱ֮
½Լʱ֮ռӵı
̫ıԴ֮ѪԼһƳľռ䣬ӵѪؾ
½뿴ҶĿǰ뾫֮УʩչЩ޾츳ͨʵһִ˷ѡ
ؾıãӵ߿Խ뾫飬Щ޾ʩչѪ츳ʱأԼѧЩ޾ӵе츳ͨ
էһþʩչЩ޵츳ͨҶԼѧЩ޵츳ͨƺûʲô𰡡
Ƕʩչ
ΪҪѴʱȥѧϰⲻ˷Ѿ
ǣþʩչЩ޵츳ͨԼѧʩչ츳ͨ࣬ȴر
ңҶΪԽߣֲԽ
һʵҶϬ츳ͨششһȷǳãԾһսʤܡ
ڣҶȴˣǵͷżããҲ΢΢
ʲôԭ
ΪΪֹҶ滹ǵýϬľڣʩչشֿǿ츳ͨ
ǣҶ浱նɱϬϬľʱϬҲްˡ
ޣʵǿ޶ѡ
ôҶ澫ؾеϬľʵǿڵʵѣҶϬľʩչشʱشҲ൱ڿʩչͨ
޵츳ͨˣԶǿͨͨط
ҶͨϬľʩչĵشԴӰ쵽ߣԶͨš
ǶǽǿߣвͷǳǳСˡ
ҶΪͨʩչشԶġ
ǣҶܹؾԼشͨ
ҶǿԪ飬شͨģ˵ýǿޱȣǵǿߣҲҪܴܵӰ졣

һɲǣҶЩ𾪵ҰһЩ͡
һɲǣҶ⾫ؾļֵڣҲ֮ˡ
ֻ֮Ҫ⾫ؾҶ泹׵ĳΪ֮ϣǧ츳ͨҶֻҪѧͳͳѧᡣ
ߣһܹͨط԰ˡ


1863 
Ҷ֪÷֮ҶϾסˡ
֮ͨԳ֮ΪͨǻΪܣÿһͨںʵʱԷӳŤתǬ
˵ģشԣҶ
ոյõϬľʱҶϬ鷢شʱʱԷӳ޴
ʱĵشΧǧң˸ٽӽҶ桢͵سشʱ˾һ㣬ٶȻȻ
һٶȻһĵˣҶ浱ľףǷ˾˵Խɱ׾١
Ҷľ޴ǿ߶ҪܵشϸǶ£֮ǰڵɳҪܵش
ǣ֮ǰҶԸɳʱ򣬿˵ǽõ˼㡣
֮ģΪҶܵķӦ˽ȥųɹĿһ
ҲɳɳкйˣЩԭ
˵ΪʰɳҶνǻ㾡û
ҶڵľؾԼ޳شҶĿǰԪǿ
ֻҪͻأʩչشٶȱӵһɲǣֱþ׺͸ǶͿȡʤ
ңҶĵش֮Уȫʧȥٶƣڵش֮УҶٶȷõǿ
£ûʲôǿͨǽһ浹һ򵥶ֱս
ҪǣشͨսϣͿҶӵһֽɹ˿ɴݵսơ
⻹Ǿؾ֮еһ츳ͨҶѧἸǡ
಻סҶ棬˾ɹйԸط򶼲뿴ˡ
Ȼǲ뿴
ЩĿǰҶ涼
Ҷȴ֮Уɴոյֵ°벿Լʱ佫ӵսƵ츳ͨشɹ
ȻҪЩһµʱ䣬ǲġ
ǣҶʱ֮Ҷʮµʱ䡣
ҵǣҶ֮ǰЩչʾʱֶͨΣСģεĲɹռ˴ʳڡ
ˮչʾ񼣵Ҷ棬ҪҪ١
ڿ޵һ˵ȣ㹻ֵʳˮҶҲͿ԰ˡ
֮ǰҶ滹ǻóһӰϥھαװ֪ûпԼйҵط
ҶԺɳһҶӰϵʱҶı壬ͻһ⣬Ͷڡ
Ϊ֮ĺô˳
ǰҶԽڣڵľؾǽһҶ޷ġ
ڣҶȴ׾ٵĽ˾ؾ
һʦ½봫µط߶䣬ؾϬ⻪һڵϬһ˻ط߶£Ҷͻһ⣬ע˾Ϭڡ
ʱϬڹӰת֮ǰѾȫһ
ĲݵϣɫȺɽ֮䣬֮ϣϬսӰ
ÿһαܣϬ˸αޱӯĵ˵Σȴޱȵĳء
ֻҪ˫̤ϴأϬڵĵشԪûпݽߵʱ򣬺ĵشԪϬӵص׳ԴԴĲڡ
Ϭ̤شŴϿȵʱشԪٶȾͻޱȣشܣҲøǿ
ǾؾãҶΪϬһӣȻϬļûɵʵؾУϬʽϸޱȵĹ۲Ϭʩչ츳ͨʱ仯
Ϭڵһб仯Ҷ涼Ȼġ
ȹ۲ÿһϸ֮󣬾ģѧϰ
۲졢ģѧϰ㣬ʵǾؾС
ǣǾؾҪѧһޱǿ츳ͨϲܡ
紫ϰ꣬Уžߺ˼ߡ
ģºѧϰ޵츳ͨǰ߳ԹΡ
һЩǿޣȻճԼĿܣǿиܺ͹۲ڵ仯
ȴûһܹɹ
ԭ֮һ֮츳֮ͨ仯̫ˡ
Թ۲쵽ı仯µĴ߶طϸǧ۲ܹ۲쵽ġ
ԣೢߣֻѧζѧ
ǣ½Ƶ飬ȴ⣬Ҳ鿰ԭ֮һ
һ㣬һ㡣
Ҷ뵽Ϭڵ߶ʦ½µطûûϬؾڵ仯ûޱȡ
Ҳڵʱ֮һֱ仯ʱŵٶȱһǧ
ֻھؾڣ޷ʵ塣
ֻܵһضûؾ֮У޷ؾ֮ڡ
ãֻΪߣЩͷ츳ͨʱڵֱ仯ø
һɲǼ䷢飬һǧ۲죬ʲôأ
ʵϣҶֻǽϬڵı仯һٱͿޱȡ
ҶϬؾڵϬһ˰µʱ䣬ҶͽϬشԪİؿ
ҪʩչشͨҶڣҪõشԪһȫ¶
ҪشԪҪһ츳Ѫ
Ҷ츳Ѫùˣѹûж츳ѪشԪ
£⼸һ޷⡣
ǣʦ½µйط֮еһͽ⡣

½̫ͱԴƳɵ飬ڳҪʱ򣬻ûΪҶڵһ
ңǧ򻯡
ҶϬʱǵشŻ
ҶشŻ۵شԪϬľ飬ҶĵشŻĵһ
ҶƽĵشԪԴϬڡ
ļӳ£ؾϬԵشԪﵽһǳߵĳ̶ȡ
ʱشŻͻɢȥ߳Ϊ
һҶҪʩչش츳ͨʱشŻͻ˲֣ҶŵشԪϬҶȡشԪʩչͨ
һУ¶һϬĵشŻҶľȣѾԱ
ܣһ㣬Ϊ춼ˣѾԿǶ֮컯ˡ
ֲõǼλĴڲϧһдҪԸʦ½룬Ҫõ߻顣
Ҷģ컯ܣӦҲԭ֮һʦ½ԵĺԸԭ
һҶڸոɵĵشŻУϬϵõĵشԪз


1864 
شԪֻҪѧϰ͸˷Ǻܼ򵥵ġ
ǻıãʺеķشԪһǺ׵ġ
شԪһֺɵشԪĵش֮⣬ղһ˿һĵشԪġ
ֻн̤صʱ򣬲ϬһеطӦڵصĵشԪӶֱ
ңشԪʱԽصףصĵشԽЧٶԽá
£Ҷÿ춼һʱ䣬صĵشԪ
ϾպҶԼʩչشҲҶԼĵشԪΪġ
УҶһС֡
ڵصشԪʱ룬ûϬشٶȣͻɱӡ
Ҷ۵شԪٶȴȵǲشͨĹ̡
ȴޱȵʹࡣ
شĹȣ֮ǰ۲졢ģ¡ѧϰشԪֱͼֱĸԷˮ˯һ
شѶȣһʶֵѶȡ
ǾؾԽϬʩչشĹ̷һǧĻҶ漸ûκγɹĿܡ
ˣеʹ࣬Ҳ޷ݡ
ȻҶʱģʱ٣ȴһǧ
ھؾ֮вشߵʱѾĹһʱ䡣
ҶԼʱ٣ȴ˰ʱѡ
־޴ʱܵҶֱѪ
ҿҶÿھڲʱ䣬ᳬҲһʱ䡣
ҪҶھһԲǰʱ䣬ʱܻ˷衣
ҶϬؾڹ۲졢ģ¡ѧϰشԪķ죬ʱһٱ¡
Ҷ۲졢ģ¡ѧϰشͨʱȴ㾭˶ʮ죬ʱٷһǧ¡
ʵѧϰʱ䣬Ѿʮˡ
ʮʱ䣬ҶѧϬһ츳ͨش
ʱ䣬ǿͨطУ죬ҲԲ
ʵУŽһ²
һ²ʱ䣬ҶһսƵǿ츳֮ͨ
شɣҶȻҪһµشˡ
һСè
ҶǽϬڣش÷Χֻһǧס
ҶԼʩչش÷Χȴһס
ңΧΪҶ洢ĵشԪ޵¡
ҶĿǰԪ㹻ĵشԪҶԽشչ﷽Բ
£ҪҶܰĵشԪʩչһΡ
Ŀǰԣһ׵ľ룬ʵġ
Ҷɳҵһصܶռ顣
׷Χ֮ڣشǿȡ
شԣԽӽģԽǿʩչԽԶԽ
Сèĸܣոս׷ΧڣشϵԼ屶
Сèԣǿȶķٶȷǳޡ
ǧ׵ķΧ֮󣬵شǿʮǿȣСèķٶȣѾһӰ죬ǣɲ
ֻͻȻʱСèٶ͵رһ£Сèĵ£ٶɻָ
£ǧ׷Χ֮ǰࡣ
Ӱ죬ֻҪСèģ޷Ӱ쵽Сèٶȡ
ǣڽǧ׷Χ֮󣬵شǿȣ˲Ϣ˰ٱСèþȫٶҲɱĽһɡ
Ҫ֪СèĿǰٶȣǱһĵڵǿ߻Ҫһ㡣
ֻ֮Ҫشǧ׷ΧǵǿߺڵٶҲҪܵӰ졣
֮£ΪĿǰոڵĸʥʥǣܵӰͱȽϴˡ
ǧ׷ΧڣٶȾͻήһϣǧ׷ΧڣǵٶȾͻ罵ɡ
ǧ׷ΧѾǵսԷΧˣôҶĿǰǧ׷ΧڣԽ߶ԣһΧˡ
ǧ׷ΧڣǿߵٶȾͻɱĽ͡
ʥٶȣǲģشǧ׷Χ֮ںҶУͱ˹١
²ԶǧףҲ׵ĺС
ǧ׷ΧڣСèٶȣֻɡ
ǧ׷ΧڣСèٶȲž罵ɡ
Ϊ˲׼ȷҶ滹Ѿ벽Ŀԡ
ǧ׵ķΧڣ벽ĿٶֱӼһϡ
ӽҶ׷Χ֮СèٶȣҲɱһϡ
˵룬ҶսԾ롣
Ҷʩչӽӽǧ֮ڣȻͬʱشɱǵǿߣҲҪҶӲˡ
ңһȫ룬Ҷǽشά׷Χ֮ڣһͻϮҶ棬ΧڣǺޱȵˬ
Ĳ֮Ҷóһۡ
ĵشǧ׷ΧΪЧģսʱҶ汣׷ΧĵشʩչӣǴһشŹ⻷һԿԴһֲ
һ˲䣬شãѾҶͷ
ңҶµĵشԪԽԽ࣬ҶԪܣش
һ²ҶֶһЧɱֿԱǿͨҶĸˣǿɲǸǵġ
ҶѾЩȲҪؾ֮ӵе츳ͨˡ
Ҷոմӵص׻תйңеķƾйܹܵ
ˣ˾˴ȥѾ׼Ĳˣ


1865 
ڲ䣬Ϊ˵ĵطֱΪƽ䡣
ɳйģʵǿ˿Ĳ䡣
ǧޣ˿ڳһǧҲɳ֮Уĵط
ǽɫĻƽǣĳ̶ֳ϶ԣɳ˵Ĺ
ɹƽǵʱҶƽǻ޷ܵݵݳȣȴɳ֮Уĳˡ
Ҷ֮ʱƽ⣬Լܱߣࡣ
ͷˣԼЩͷǴĻԭפظۼ˾ۼ˾ĵƾոƽ˼ʮ˿ڣŻƽǵĸʼ۸Ҳ
йܹܲĽУҶɵֵΧʹ²¡
Ƕɳ𾴰ɣɳκ˶շС
ˣ룬˾㡣
йܹȺתƣҶ淢֣ģɳ
ɳѾൽһ޷ݵĳ̶ȡ
һϱߣɳģһ湬ǽϣɳչʾ񼣵ıڻ
һ·ϣÿһɳǰԶĤݵɳˡ
֪䣬Ҷͱǹ¶ׯϵոȾˡ
йܹ˵ָĺȺͲͨɳܹˡ
޴ϵϵһƫҶ˴˾ɹ
ôһ¹Ļϰ𣿡ɹЦĺˬʣ鶼ŵķչʲô˵ġ
ұ߶ѣֻҪһܹҲܴŵĵطûʲôϰߵġҶ
ɹ֮ɫᣬд˳ɾͣڷܣȷʵϷϲʹˡ
ߣϷȥ⼸ϼһѾ׵ں졣
ڼ֮ǰҪϼһЩС˾棬ȻǼ
ţҪʱ򣬿Ҫ¶һ֣չʾ񼣣ûɣɹҶļʵ
û⡣
⣬ǼϼһҲǻʱ䳤һ㣬Ҫסһ㣬ʹɳĻɳĴڣһƣ𣿡ɹٴν
֮ǰ£Ѿװˡ
ҶĻشô˾ɳƤһϵƣΪЦݶһŻ
߰ɣ˾ɹҶ棬̤ɳߡΰҲ
һɳɵĺΰ
̤ɲǣҶ澹ȻһֿԽһĸо
ɳƽǣ·ޱȵңԶڵһУƺޱȵİòϤ
ĸоûԳһ磬˾ɹҶԺ
̤֮Ҷŷ֣ǳĴޱȵĴ
еɳ֮⣬߻ְܴܲ
˾ɹҶֵһͱµĳɳ
ɳϷһɳΣλãһǴ˾ɹġ
˾ɹλңֱǰɳΣһɳΡ
ʱ˾ɹɳ֮⣬ҲӣҲǿյģӦλá
ʱ˾ɹѾɳͬʱվ
Ҷ֮ǰйܹܸĽܺӰѾɳ
ţտݸ塢ϵƱɹҪģɳţҲ֮гɹ֮⣬һλ̷ɳɳ
ɫһ۾СȴģɳФͬʱҲĵڶʵȨλλɹҲࡣ
ɳ˰ͺܺˣǳƯһ˵ݣҲ졣
ɫӣ۵ӣܹڵһʱ
µЩˣִ˫֣ͷĢ́ͷƣէһһũһ㡣
ĿǰλĩλɳȣһĴͷʨһӣ˿ȥ׹䡣
ǶˡɹһͰҶǰȻˣҾ͸ǽһ£ǰλϷڼѶ˵ʹҶ档
飬Ƕ˰ɣ
һνеļ˾ͷټΪ
˾ƺûĵڶλʵȨɳФͻأǿ

˾ɹЦˡ
ͻ£ΪʲôɳˣФ׷
£ɾ˵ˣɣ˵˾ɹһ֣Լλ
λɳҲ˳
ɹ˼Ҷλϣ꣬Ҷչ¶񼣣ȻٸҶ
𣬾ֵһλãɹԤõġ
һʱڣҶʹĵڶˡ
˾ɹԤǺõģµʱ򣬿ŵɳΣͻȻԵ޹ʵıһϸɳ
ûεĴ˾ɹƤһʱͱ
ҶĿҲһ

ڵɳΣȻɳɣǿĵƼӳ֣˵⣬һĽǿˣҲ޷ڶʱںơ
ͻأıɳ϶ֽš
Գһ磬ֽŵģ϶ǰλɳȻ˲Ҷǡ
ȻˣΣҲͲñˡɳФǵġ
ͬʱҲӭҶ档
ͬʱġɳ˰Ⱦͬʱڱǵ̬ȡ
ȷʵˣ
ˣǾͲñˡ
˾ɹͱеĶʵǺ΢ġ
ɹ¾һɳθҶ棬ҶǳԶˡ
ͬʱλɳҲֶαʾǰҶ棬Ȧӵˡ
ͬһɲǣҶ͸ˣɳФ󡢻˰ˣڣһϵġ
ʣµĹǲǴ˾ɹߵˣ
ǣҶȷǣǰλڸҶ
Ҷܲˬ
Ҷ죬ʵʹλӵģġ
ĿɨһȦҶһȻߵ˳Ϸ˾ɹԱߡ
ٹ⣬޴ڡ
һʹҶŵ˲Ϣڴ˾ɹαϣһɫ͵ӡ
˳ԾĿУҶ·Լҿͷһ㣬ޱȵǸ˾ɹλһɫΡ
ɫڷţɳҲɫ˲Ϣ⡣
ɳȹͷһΣ׹䣬ʲôˣԴٹģ
ȵɫĹ⻪糱ˮһӿҶɫΣ


1866 ˾ɹľ֮
Ƚӿɫ⻪˵ǳˮ˵ǵ֡
㲻ϵиҶŵɫΡ
ɫĵвԼĵƣɢŵǿ߶е֮ϵķϢȶ˵ķ֮
֮⿴Ʋ۵ĳͻУɳȾûжȫҲ߳ɵˡ
£˵һλ۷ߣһλ۷ߣҲ޷ܵסһλǿߵ߳Ĺġ
ڶǵķ֮
Ŀǰ͸ķ֮ٵĿֻҪһƣͿʱ䣬Ƿ֮
ڳļλɳǣҶµɫַи£䣬֨֨ͣв
ЩͶȣֱȼƷҪǿ
˵ɳ˾ҲȽϳԾ
Ҷֱ֣Щһˡ
ʱλɳɫ˱䣬λɳФˣȴǲˡ
ҶЦЦеĿɫõȺФˣȷʵʲôˣܴٹġ
ңǡΪܹٹĴڡ
Ҷƨɵ׵ΣȻСġ
֮ǰСһСӽؿ쭵˽ء
ǣСص޷ֿһλǿߵĹǸһ㷨֮Ĺ
С˿̴ǳɳһݿϹ̽٣ɲС
СʥŮʱǵ컯ȴѾһںϵСڡ
Сһ컯Ϣ
컯ʲô
컯ǿΪӵͻƵ컯컯˲ӵе
ֻںһ˿ҲСֱﵽԶԸǿںһƷ֮Ĺ
˵ҲСС֮⣬ҶĿǰ޷ӲȵĹ
ùƣֻֻһλ۷СϺףȵɫЩҲס
ҶЦǾҿٹ⣬Ǽٵٹ⣿
ЦУƱǣӽŵӿɫУشһ˿֮ɫڵɳɳζһɲǱù
ɳҪȫˡ
˾ɹɫһȴڴ˿̳ˡ
˵ʵҶ淽ŵӦԣʵô˾ɹ־ϲȵ½ôã֮ϲ
ɹȴ֪Ҷ滹ܽãԣԥĲˡ
һɳϣεĲǳˮһȻɢոջޱȵɳɳǿһɲǻָƽ䡣
Ϣÿޱȵȵɫһ֮£ֱɢĸɸɾ
Σȸһ
˾ɹʵԤƺҪǿ
Ҫʲôȣ𣿡˾ɹѵ
˾ǣֻǡ
ɹǿӲһסƣȻҶƨµɫΣ̾ѡ
ֻٹҫܳ񼣡ɳûǣֻˣɳĴڡ
ԣϷɲҺʹٹʹһ𡣡
˵꣬˾ɹĿɿڴĿУӴҶɫ԰롣
ַŵɳФԱߣϷֻܺ㼷һ㲻ɣɹЦе˵
Ф飬ʱһһ㣬ޱȵѿ
Ǵ˾ɹڴˡ
Դ˾ɹȨФٲϣҲֻѡá
ȻᣡФм䣬Եͣ٣ЦݵվŲӡ
ͬʱФ±ߵҲֻŲΡ
˾ɹֱӽλøԼҶЩԾ
ʵ´˾ɹǰֳŵֱľٶҶ滹Щɵġ
Ͼ¹Ȩӡ
ҪɹǽĴȨҶ档
оȻҶ֮ǰչ񼣣ϵڱһ㣬Ҷ⡣
ԣҶ콫ελѡ˾ɹŵĵطٴο˾ɹνĳĵΡ
Ͼ֮ͥ£ɹҶһ𣬾͵ڳҶĵλ
Ҷû뵽ɹĸףֱóλ
⣬ֱû˵
ҲҶ벻ͨ˾ɹΪʲôҪ
ˣȻҶˣôҪȷľֻһ£ʹ񣡡
˾ɹﲻݣ


1867 Ųǹ
һʯǧһ㣬˾ɹǾ仰˲ƫķΧ
⼸λɳӵ֪ͨʱ򣬴˾ɹֻ֪ͨڽ뷵д顣
ǵеκһ֪Ҫʹ
˾֪ȷҶ棬ɳʹģ
ϷӽɳˣϷ϶ģ𣿡
˾νļᣬָһ̶ֳȣʹδ֮еλΰţ
λðţǲѾΪɳʹѵӦûõЩ˵أ

һ˲䣬ƫǲгһλɳ˾ⲻվڴ˾ɹߵĹˣҲʡ
ģǴ˾ɹֱԲİԵֱӵĻشһַǳˬĸо
Ҷ˾ɹ£ȴЩǷˡ
¸飬൱ڴ˾ɹһӾͰԸŪλɳĶ棬Ϊǡ
׵ĲӦǸƣÿһλɳ̸顣
±Ҷ滹ϲ˾ɹְԵ硣
ˬ䣬㲻ͬҲͬ⣬ͬҲͬ⡣
ǰԵ
Ҷʵﵽ˿аԵĳ̶ȣҶҲϲ·ʽ
˵Դ˾ɹƿľԼǿֲʵȫ԰Ե¡
ǣɹĶ֣Щƻ
ΪɳȨ֪Ϊʲôˣ׳ʲôˣ˾ʵ֪
ɳФƺյʲôһڣƫ
˾ɹһû뵽ФȻΪͻƿڡ
Ӧ֪ʲô
˲Ϣ䣬˾ɹףЩСФˡ
ЩһЯɳѾǰǸΨΨŵŵˡ
ФôʣѾ֪ʲô
ǣɱ飬Ϊܣ֪ߣҲֻҶǸɿɵӡ
ǾԲйܵġ
ô¾ֵÿˡ
Ϣ֮󣬴˾ɹҶһۣͬʱһ˿
Ҷ֮ǰĵϣʹôĶһ񼣡
˾ɹ֪ˣλɳӣ±ߵҲͱȥˡ
Ҷ溷Ȼ֣¾ͲԼ뷨˵Ф˵Ӱӡ
λɳĿע£˾ɹȻͼıʹҶ棬ɳٹ⣬ѾϷɱ
һФȣֻ뻨˰ɫ䣬ֻӱȽƤҪɳţӣһģ
˾ɳʹҶ棬ĿǰΪֹֻˣΪһˣɱɳⲻʰɣФһڣͰŻġ
ֶ֪֮ԸҶ棬ΪҶĵ£ʹ֮ռ֮һĵ̿Ȩ
Ҷۡ
˵һĿⶨĿ˴˾ɹ˾պλҶʹҵĵչʾ֮ҵĵڵĲȨߡ
ۣǲҲᱻɱ
һƫڣʱͱš
Ҫ⣬̫ˣֱּѪ
Ϊȵ⣬Ѿ漰ĸλɳĺ档
ĸλɳ̽ĵ̣ʵǵķһ㣬ǵĺ档
һֱڶɳţʱҲ۾˴˾ɹ֪һȷеĴ𰸡
ɹЩᣬŭȼգƫƫá
ԭżᶨĶѵģһֱǣģӣ֧
˾£ʮþȡ
ǣû뵽Ф㣬˲Ϣͽ͵һɳĶ档
޵ָҶΪʹһȥǵĵչ񼣣ͻǶЩĿȨ
Щɳգһܾͻᱻ˾ɹɱ
ְʾ˲Ϣɹѡ
ߣ˾ɹԸɵһλɳԸɵλɳ
ǣԲܸɵλ߸ɳ
ͳΣȴһܹġ
ԣһ⼸λɳŽɹǴ˾ҲҪԱ
ô᣿
˾ɹЦʹȥչʾ񼣣ֻΪµĸ滷ãԷܳӵиͽ
Ƕ˫顭
ǣĵϷ飬Ѿ֤һСФܵͣȴ׼ȷĻɹϡ
ʵҲûнİ취ġ
һֱûпڵĵɳ˰ˣʹܵɳ˵ˣӦǵõش
ҶΪΪЩɳ˹ϸõӡ
ʹȱΪҲΪ˽ٹӻ񣬲õشóЩɳѧϰȻʹչ˸ɳˡ
Ͼʹһ˵Ҳ޵ģ˵أ˰Ц
áȵһ޳ɡ
ȻûпڣҶȴǵľ
شҹ׳ٺãʩչҲ޷ﵽɱʹʩչİٷ֮һҶ濪ˡ
Ϊʲô˰ˡ
ʩչȻһֻнܽشɰǧ
Ҷ⵹ҿڣȷʵˡ
ľͨûСĽ룬Ŀǰչֵ񼣣ҶǾġ
СҶľͨҶǿԪ飬ֿһ񼣡
˾ɹһ㣬ѡɷҶ档

ɳ˰ǱɫһתٴЦȻԭôʹҲóЩɳ˾ʹãЧ񲻸á
ʹܹ﹩ַʹãˣԸΪʹ־־ФʱĲһ
λɳޱȵĿ⣬ʱȫеҶϡ
ҶʱѾŭЦ
޳ܵģûܽ޳˵˹ġ
ܣ
˵޷ǣܣҲǣشҲǡ
ҶѾϤ⼸λɳ뷨֮ҶѾˡ
·򵥴ֱġ
Ȼ㲻Ը⣬ȻҲ޷ΪʹġФ
ҶһףǧӾƫ˷ڼλɳĿע£Щӣʼɿķѿ
ҵʹ֮ٹģɳеɵġ
ҵĽŲ֮ٹ⽵֮ʹԴڡ
Ǽƨϵ
һֿڣҶ浱ȥҶ뿪ƫɲǣʢ֮˲Ϣȫή
Ŀһеļλɳȫľ


1868 ĳ谮
Ҷȥ֮һڴľɳ֮ʱ˿ˮս
˵Ҷ淽չʾĴǷǳļɵô˲ϢήֶΣĿ־֮С
һĿֶΣҶ΢һ㣬һЩƣ˲ϢͿԽǵĵ̵ʣ
ڴĻȨ۹ɳȨͳεĲ䣬ڴΪʵͳεͬʱҲž޴ȱݡ
Ҷ淽չʾֶΣǵѨ
һ˵һ䣬ñݻ٣һ˵һһȷ֮¾ǻҲ޷øı䡣
ҲΪЩɳڸԵĵϣŸײʵȨٵԸȵһС
׺Ͷߡ
һҶĹ̥ȥֻҪһ죬ǾҪʧȥ׵Ȩ
˾ֶκӦУӦһСҶ뿪Фţʮֵ
˾ɹȴĿɳФһ޵ѪζͻȻʹӴ˾ɹɢλɳɫһס
ǾģϷˣĳҲˣ˼򵥵İ취벻
ĻϷǣ˾ɹЦ
ФŴ˾ɹ˫ۣͼɹ˫пһ١
Ǵ˾ɹФпʲôͲǴ˾ɹˡ
ģФȡ˰λɳù˵Ҳù
λɳڲϵĽš
˾ɹɫȴԽԽѿ
˲·ɱ˸ĸ
˾ɹļƻʵȶ˲·Ҫʮ
Ϊһ˾ɹļƻʹҶڼ֮ķڽλɳȨ͵ȫջ
ӶһĶߣҶϢĴ֡
飬ֻҪɵ˭ġ
ԣ˾ɹλɳ֮䣬˼ޱȵ
Լվһϵλɳ´˾ɹǿƣҲֻЭ
Ҷʹݺ飬һ޿κεЭ
Э֮ФΪ׵ļλɳѹ˷ܣ߳ƫ
˴˾ɹ飬ô˾ɹЭɳФһʱıˡ
һĴ˾ɹƿصҪˣЩ˵ʱҪˡ
ͬΪ˵ɳ뿪ĽŲҪĶֱ࣬Ф뿪Żû߳ƫ
ƫֻʣ´˾ɹ
Ϊʲô
Ǵ˾ɹ
˾ɹФЭһɳŵĳĬԭ
ɳǷɵĽƤһϵһɲǸˣƣȴһɲγһдЦݡ
СĶϱڰǰոյһ̥ҷǳϲˣϲС
̥õġһʮʱźСһ͸ʮˣϱˮСһܳԣὡ裬а˸
⣬źЩ͸ĳӺˣ˰ˡ
УһʮʱͣѲĻ͸ߴˣнĻͳʮˡ
⣬ϲһСǹңСܶ࣬ÿһ죬ҹѪС
ûʱû취۰ÿһҵСǣȴܸõ
ɳ֮УõʵǶÿһĳ谮
ڣҲͿˡ
㡭ˣ
˵꣬žͲЩǵ뿪ˣһΣȻǣٶȴܿ죬һգۣʹƫʧˡ
뿪Ĺţ˾ɹ䶯£˵ʲôʹţǲ˵ɳǰµˡ
գûڡ
Ϊ˹λֵܽΪʲôĬ֧ԭ
ԼνΪ˶Ů󱲣ΪӴޱȵļ壬Ҳ޷ʧȥ̺Ȩ
ɳһС˵Ȩǽڳɰǧ˿ڵĻϡ

Ҷ֮ǰƫзȥߵʹ졣
뿪ƫ֮󣬾Щˡ
ĴſڣΪ޷뿪Գһ
Ҷ汾֪˾ɹһߵΣõݣҶ͵Ȼޱȵȴ
ɮ붨һ㣬ĿɢضϢɳ񣬵ȴ߻Ľ
֮Ҷ沢ûеȵ˾ɹ
뿪ɳФ󡢻˰ȡˣҶΧ˹
Ф󡢻˰ˣһĺ벻⡣


1869 
ڴ˾ϣǿԸһʹͷǣҶģסඣԺûǵǸԽǵĵ̣Ǵ˾Ҳ㡣ФĻУǾζ
ҶȴƤûգһ£е۾УȻȳϣȥϣûܹסҡ
ǳϣˣԴܼܲϣͲһˣǣɲ
Ǹ̤ǵĵ̰벽ߣФЦţһײޱȵĸ
ͬһɲǣΧҶߵɳ˰ȡڴ˾ɹߵɳ£ͬʱһв
ԸǰǴ˾ɹһЯ£ҲֻѡФվһ
һʱ䣬ſڣɱ硣
˵ﻰҶ㣬еøеģԣҲϣδôһ쵽ϣס
ɳһַǳƽʵҶ̬ȣ̺ģȴǺФһģһѪȾ档
˾ɹӰеʱĴţϢĴˡ
šФ󡢻˰¡һʱҶȴ
ΪĴ˾Գһ
ԳһڣɹʵնɱɳȻЩѣȴ޷顣
ɴ˾ɹì֮
һܹģϣӵǿ󣬵Щļһȴ巴
ȴֲܽô
žǴ˾ɹ˿ʹĵطˡ
ǸҸ߹ҵӰ͹ǵľĺ˾ɹĿɬ
֮ǰФԣǿڴ˾ɹϣһЭ
ǼλɳԴӦ˾ɹҪ󣬳ҶΪʹ
ǣΪʹҶ棬ǵǾԲǼλɳĵ̡
ҶʹԴ룬չʾ񼣵Ƕȫ֣ϧһн۵նɱҶ档
ΪЭѾնɱɳ̣ԽҶʹͳΡ
ǱȷҶĵλ֮ǰɳλã߰ѽΣ
Ǵ˾ɹǼλƫһʱĽҲЭĲ
ʵı⣬ֻЩɳ˵úһѡԸֻջѡ
֪Ƕ䷢ģҲǲŵģѾɳǵĲƸȨĻ񡭡
ϷʳˣΪߣҪޱŬɹ̾
Ҷüëٴν˾ҲףΪʲôҪһ˳Ϊأ
Ժ׵ġ
һҶͱһ͵ͳ˾ɹЩįĽҶԺ
ȥͳĵ̰ɣĵ̣պĸ̣úþӪɣӽｫΪĵ̣һӦ飬Ҷύȥġ

ҶصɽйʱйܹѾڵȺ
ʹˣǴ˾һӦӡţӽ𣬻ѽҳϵˣʲôԸֱӽ
ңפйʿҲֱ㣬ʱİȫйܹܻ˵
Ҷ֪Ǵ˾ɹĽ˵ͷ˼һ£ŵ׼һ£󣬳ǰɳ䣬н·ߣȥ̹ᰲš
־ǵһСѽĺܵ͡
˵ʵ飬е
ҶҪջ֮ǰƶϣֹغ飬Ǵ˾ɹƣҲѴɡ
һʼҶǺܲˬġ
Ҷչʾ񼣣뿪ʱҶѾ뷨ǲϣͶеأЩϵļһĵڵ֮ȫή
ʱ򣬿żż
Ф󾯸ҶʱҶ뷨ǿҡ
ʱФҶȥչʾ񼣡
һ·ҶƽͷѾҶˡ
һҶܿģײɳˣһãҲͻгǧϰɳ˶ȥ
ҶһԼʵ
֮ǰشɳƺĳɷݡ
ʱҶԵЩɳһʵǿҶھǳ˺ʵһּΪǵΪ
λɳҶһλŶԣڵ裬һһСģп֮ء
ǣλɳĿǰʵޱȵĻ
Ҷʵһڡ
ǸոյõĻ飬õ÷дӴ˾ɹõԸĴ߶ط
һҶʵڶʱͻͽɱɱ
£ҶҪλɳ˺ԼһޱΣյľأ
˲·ɱ˸ĸ
ҶǱָ̫λͻֽҶɵ
ͷϻ鱦վţû뿪ɳأҶɲɳҲ˺Ĵڡ
οҶոյõĵ̣ûء
뷨ҶģĿǰЭʵȫԵġ

̹һͷѴʿҶ棬ǰӵĸϸĵ̡
˵ڴ˾ɹͳεĻƽ䡢ԼƽܱǧɹĴССĲ䣬ɳġ
ôʵһгݵĴ󵰸⡣
ⱻгݵĴ󵰸⣬ȴǲȷݣÿһݵⶼдС
ڶɳŵĵФĴ֮˰ԴΣԭҶĵ̣С
ӲҪȽϺͲ࣬˵
ɳͳεĵϣɳ˵˿ڣǧҡ
֮ǰҶһǧ˿ڣͼˡ
ɳФͳεĵŵ˿ȴߴʮһڡ
ͳܵĵϵ˿ڣҲߴڣ˿ڵʮµϵ˿ڣߴʮڡ
˴һ棬ôܷ֡
Ҷʱȴܸˡ
ĵ̣֮ǰֻķ֮һ߳ɶĵ̵Ҷȥչʾ񼣣Ȼջߡ
ζҶԸһջ
Ҷţһֶ£Щɳ˴󲿷ֶΪߣ׵ԸԻͨ˵ʮǼʮ
Ҷţǧɳ׵ԸԲɳµϵɳ׵١
Ҷ水մ˾ɹҪ󣬽Ԫ֮ӳֹʹͽ֮еʱҶͻȻһ¡
֮ǰɳΪʲôô˲ŻµԸСûУ


1870 
˵Ҷ֪ΪʲôôŻһԸ˵Ҷ֪˴˾ɹΪʲôΪʲôҶһʼʹ֮չʾ񼣾ͷֲעҶ档
ԭܼ򵥣֮ڹд˾ɹ
˵ڹд˾ɹ񣬴˾ɹͿʱصļӸ䡣
ⲻܡ
⻹Ըйء
ҶЩ죬ҲԪ鰢йԸ顣
Ԫ鰢Ը˽ⲻ֮࣬ǰϾʦ½ԡ
ڵĵȣܵ۹࣬ȴкü˹ȡ
еķ˹ػ̣˵ΨһܹϷڵĵֻۣŵĵۡ
ŵĵڹ½룬аλ״ӵ
Щ۵ҲΪռԸ
Ȼ½뷢Ը޿ĺԸ˵ҪԸˡ
෴ģҪΪͻƵ컯ͻƵ컯֮Ҫǿ󣬶벻Ը
½ĺԸʵ壬ֻϣһº͵ķʽȡԸ
ŵĵӣÿһʱ䣬ڸصĵߣӲ伲࣬Ϊǡ
˵򵥵㣬ЩƽյŵĵǰԸʹ֮ǰ
ŵĵӵõϢ飬
⵱УҲеߵģΪ߲Ԯֵȵȡ
ǰµԸʵ֣ôԸİոм֮£ȻȻľͻԸ
имߣڼмֻǹ̶ʱ䵽۲ΰݣҲĻԸ
½߻ԸķʽһƽȵĽס
⼸λֶΣԵޱȵĶˡ
ΪԸЩƽշĵ£ۣԣ½Ǽλ֣Ϊ˵õĸԸ
Ϊ˻ôô
ͨƽգֻͶ·ʱ򣬲Ż
һðֻ֮һ㣬Ҳм㡣
Ҳɳи׳ֿߵԭ
Ÿ޽۹ռԸԪ鰢ĿȾйԸһЩĶ֪ġ
ԸҶĽڵĤݣԸһС
Ҷɳʹ岼ôЩҶ뿪֮󣬾ͻȥ
ʱûҶֻҪǹҶʹģҶʹ֮ҶҲǿԸܵǵϣջһԸ
ǣԸȴȫҶһС
ȣҶеɳ壬ɳͻֵһԸ
ʣµԸҲȫҶġ
ÿڹԼеĵλ˼
֮Ըķ䣬ǳ¸ӣйأҲͲ
˾ɹΪͳߺʹ˾ҲɳܲȨ
ǾɳвУд˾ɹ
ĸɳˣΰֻҪԸԴ˾ɹܹһЩġ
ȻҲǴ˾ɹ
ǻѾնɱɳǽ񹩷е֮УҲֲʲôԸ
Ϊĵ̣ûɳ֪֡
ĵϵУֻ
ɳģСǴ˾ɹģСɳ
֮УͣΪƣµɳ˵٣ֲǿߣ˷֮£õԸȻǳˡ
Ȼͳǧ꣬ǧĻҲˡ
Ҷ濴˴˾ɹԸĴ߶طԸôޱȵĹ㷺
һЧʮͻ
Ҷֻʱоھͺ޲϶Ը
ܷǳʱҪܹԸȻٺˡ
ʱɳڱȥҶԪطӳֹҶʹɳ˹̧
֮ǰҶһֱûע
ڲҶչʾ񼣹ЩĿŵɳ˴󲿷ֶϾʱǰ
ûҶǺҶʹϵĲΰݣҲԸ
֮ںһģԡ
Щ߹׵ԸΪеԭҶõһ֣ͬеɳʹ˾ɹҲõһ֡
ɳ񡢴˾ɹҶⳡУÿ˷ֶ٣Ҷ治
ǿ׵Ըͨɳ˵ʮٱܲסడ
ֵı֮࣬£˾ɹĵ֮еԸԻһͬѰҪǲ˾ɹע⣬ǲŹ֡
ֻҪҶܰװ׻õĴԸĺ£˾ɹΪʲô
ҶģǴ˾ɹ֧ĸԭ
һԭҶҲ⡣
ôãҶҲԶʳǺΣյģͷд˾ɹŴţҶҲͿԷֵչʾ񼣣ķˡ
ĵ̣Ҳ㹻Ҷúõĳһʱˡ
ɾҶ氲ķռԸʱһͻĺڶ̶̼ڣϯ˴ɳ


1871 ɳƽ
ҵģ֮ǰҶĿͨǸͨϷʥһλ߽һۣͳ֮С
ûã͵ִҶ淢ǵص̶
ͨص̶·ˣʥĴڶԣҪͨҲ׾١
ָʹһɴʦʹһʥλߣȴѵõĹһ˿ơ
ȻǰâΪǣȴ˿
֮ȻΪ۵λĳЩһĴڣλ֮УҪһЩͨ
ǰâ飬Ĵڡ
âϣ㿴ܷٴֲâ۲ϣʥСʵ
廷ûбƻ겼µĴȻãصҲ棬ۻֻҪǲҪȡǱ飬ͨӹֻ֮ͨҪлӣȻͿֲˡâ˵ĺֱӡ
ĻǾ̫ˡʥЦŹâȴ죬ٶȽ͹ʱ򣬻鷳âֲ
âνĵ˵ͷרҵĿٴδû⣬ǣػȴüǿ
һμֵˣһݣǲܣҪĶȴǾ١
һ㣬ǷȻۡ
ǣһֲԼĹܣķǿɵóɱӡ
Ҫٳ⣬¾Ҳ⸶𡣡â˵
ʥٴ˳ӵĵ˵ͷâϷģһΣԲ⣬ķôǿһж˵İ졣
ĶʧλĴƻڣҲȻ󲨡
ǣԽԽ٣òһʵֲ֮أԣ췽ٴֲ
Ȼ˵һΣҪǧꡣ
ǧʱ䣬ڷ˻ͨߣֱ
Ƕ컯˶ԣǧ꣬Ҳ͸ͨ߶ɹʮʱһ
ֲɲǼ򵥵飬ҲڵһĻ
طѾ¶ˣǸߵħ屳ĴڣǵǸһֻҪӦչ²⵽һġ
˵ʲôʱ򣬾ͻٴ·ԣķֶΣ֮ǰļͷ޺ҵȻΣѾˣðŶءâ˵
˵ҪٿعŶʦʹʦĿ˵㡣ʥЦ
âȴҡҡͷֵطʦʹʦС
ǡʥͷ͵һ˸ͻ
ģɳȻٵһλڵҺϿԱ̵֤ʱӦκΣ
âĻʥɫһαѿΪ
âϣǲеˣİ벽컯ǿܵһλ͸ˡ
˭Ըʺĵطذǧ갡ʥһɫ
ҪɲǾû취ˡ
ֲɲ򵥣ǰǧ꣬Ͷĸϵĺ鱦ͳʮ
ʮ鱦ǳ׵ֲ鱦Ƕһױͳ׵ķˣԲԳκ⡣
һλλ벽컯ǧ꣬ȡһ׺鱦֮ǰһ١
Ҫһ㣬ǾԲֵġâޱȵļᶨ
ʥˣ벽컯ӵλʵǡâϣ㿴ܲܡ
޿ܣϷ֮ǰ⽻ĵߣâ
ʥâ飬ҲûƢˣֻܿЦâϣϵһ¡
ʥó鱦񾵵ķóɲǣϱߵƣʥ۵ֱ顣
鱦񾵵ķһãǿڼ̵ʱڣ뱾Ҳ鱦񾵵ĳϵ
۶Էһ磬ϵ
û취λ벽컯һλδǧĶѾܾ˵ġ
ʥֻܽȨĸ߲㡣
ܿģǱߣ˻š
سɱֲ̫ͣջԴȻֲ
촫ľ飬ʥƶϲࡣ
Ϊλ벽컯һλҵǧ꣬ѹܡ
ߣûԸ⡣
ңԴԣҲһ˷ѡ
Լ飬ȻûϷˣϷȥɡâ鿴ʥе鱦񾵷˵
Ϣ֮񾵹⻪â˲ʧ
ʥһóһȻĲãʼԻĴϡ
ҵôĲϣޱȣ죬ܻյģҲûա
յĹ̺˳Ųĵرգά˰ǧĴ˲Ϣͱˡ
ʧȥ˴Լ赲ĺҽķ·йһй
ͬһɲǣʥγ˰֮һƬðɭɭı֮С
Ĵڣҵˮ澰ҵԵ̶
գ
ʥһģͻȻɳһ㺮⣬ʥģĺ鱦顣
Ϊ󷨺ĵı鱻ߣﲼõıӴ˲Ϣ
ʧȥıˮǸĺӵӿȥԭάֵĺӵʱڷɿĻ¶Ⱦ˵ĳҽ
ͬһɲǣʥһ񾵹⻪ӿɲǣʥ˲Ϣ뿪
Ϣ֮ڴ̶ıУҽˮһ
ּ˵Ĵײ̳ˮ˵ĸµײ֯ܿģƾγɡ
ܼ罻֯ںϳӴֱӳĿֲϯļˮµ̳һ˵ٶȣŶɳ˶ȥ
һһҽɲǣ˵ײ£ǿֲŸˮ̳š
ԶԶĿȥǵشֳɫ̳ǴһǵصԶɳ
ҵǣҵǧɳɳˣҲûһסġ
ֲЯĸͣĺڣЯĸ̳ھ˶֮ɴвƵ¶ȡ
ɳһ²󣬼ĵط
˹ģĿֲɳкûãγһӾ˵쫷һС
ɳǧ֮󣬵һɳ֮еޣ⵽Ϯ
ɳɳˣӦľ顣
ڴϮ֮ǰ˵ص޽ķɳ֮С
һεɳ쫷磬ʱޱȵĳ࣬Ž
һǰδеɳ쫷֮Щӵصɳ֮ɳˣһڴŨŨζĿ֮
;ˡ
˷ٻ߸õˣɵˡ
İ˺ѷεĳ˷


1872 °
һ޷ݵĺƽ١
ɳڶǶɳĵر֮֮ǰΪֻһͨɳѡ
ɳɳ̫ˣһ겻üΣ̫
һε쫷ɳȴ֮á
ԽҵĲ䣬쫷ɳٳʱԽ
ϵǳֱֲӱ쫷ߣʣµģҲŸµһҴºһижʵϮ£ٵĿή
ɳɳˣܹѵ壬ĶǼޱȵ񾭡
󺵡ɳǾֻǵһᡣ
£ֻῴյأȻٴν߬ȭͷʹ뷨ƴһ·
ǽ죬ɳڣǿ˺ѷεĿ
ڷԭ򣬺ɳ䲢ǵһ⵽쫷ɳĲ䣬ʱҲġ
쫷ɳֻҪɳϿչ˶ʮ죬Ƕʮ֮󣬺ɳɳˣͱˡ
ǰøոɳʹµǰЩӿܱߵ֮Ȼȫή
֮ήˣдеҲˡ
ɳͷ˺ʮѾõʹ˻ʹš
ΰΪʲôҪֻǿϵ񰡡
Ϣ֮󣬾ĿһƬ
ûûɳǶ֣ͦȥûȱǿͦɳ֮кĶҲͦ꣡
ûãɳ⣬ͼĤݡɳˡ
ȴһһɳ岿ݡ
ҶʱҲļ٣Ѿ˲ȴӦˡ
ҶطԪ֮ӳֹ񹩷֮£ҶǸӦʲôġ
ǣдͽĤʱҶԪͻӦһַǳĲ
£Ǻ£ÿһ񱳺Ըķ
ڣҶȴϣ³ְĲ
ΪֵĸӦԽ࣬ʹֵĲԽࡣ
⣬ҶϵֵĲ䣬λɳĵֵĲ䣬֪ж١
ⳡ쫷ɳӿʼûã߲ע⡣
˾ɹҲŸλɳ˾档
˭Ҳû뵽ʱ侹Ȼ
쫷ɳĳʱڣɳǣûŬ
ʩչָľֶΣͼ赲ɳ쫷ɳ٣ʧ
ǰȴԵƮޱȡ
Ǵ˾ӵп컯ĴڣǰҲ΢΢
ֲ쫷ɳԴԴϣǴ˾ɹҲ޷ıƣܾ赲
ڴ˾ɹԽԲǧ쫷ɳԵһ죬졣
Ҳ졣
ԴԴ쫷ɳ㹻µ֮Ǵ˾ɹҲˡ
µʱڣɳǣ˵Ǹ˾޴Ŭ
֮ǰԸФȵˣҲȫֺ
ΪǺⳡƽ٣ɺεʧ
Ǿ仰˴ģϯǰʵ΢
ɳϿգʥͨ񾵷ɳڷһУޱȵĳԾ
ʥҲû뵽ǵһȻɳ˿ֲ֡
룬ҵĲãаǧˣ󷨻ıˮ纣һͬģҽȴ޾Ƶġ
𾪹ʥУд˷ܡ
һ˵ķ֡
ǰܹҵǱߵΣ֣ǰɳʱôһѶȾͻ
ǽֻرȥԺʥ˵ɳĵһ
ƾݹͣɳлһƬСĵ̣ûκġ
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ԭܼ򵥣ɳһͽ׵Ըչͨͽ׵ԸĽٱ
ϲ֮£ʥһʱ䣬ͽ֡ɳľսԣдһƬߣͻ죬ͬʱ飬ԾĳﻮǳﻮõʮڿԽ
ΣպֻҪõƬߣĹͣܲ
ɳˣʥû
һˣ·ʱһ
ᣡ
ʥߣʥĵλϵӰ򣬺ܿӣԸʥ
˲ϼѣȻλдڼƣЩ꽫д䣬죬ûж˲ߣʱá
Ȼɳһܹ֮һһ
ĻظʥЩʧ
ڰ벽컯ô꣬޷ͻƵ컯ȱʲô
ȱľ㹻Ը
ɳʢԸĵط
췽治֧֣һҲû취
ֻܼѰý͡
һˣʥվٴǹɸһɳѰ
ɳǸ½ĿԴģֲ֮ʹԭѾбĶ
ڣȻ߱ˣҲûҪעˡ
ʱ˭ͽ˭հɡ
ڣĿҵλΪҵߣɳ֮ÿһλΪҵߣɵʥص۲
ʥǹɸһѰſĿʱҶѾû˯ˡ
첻ϵĴĴģʯɿĻָУҶľʼʹ
һһĲ䣬ÿһֲָ࣬ҶͽڴȺı£ǰһ䡣
ɳȻޱȣǴСС岼Ĳ֮䣬ԶǸǧһ䡣
ҶϢʱ䣬١
ĸǿģҶɫò԰Ϣò̫ȶ
ˣϢһɣȥܹܻѹڸոմҶǰһļɫ
û£һܼ֣ټּ졭ͻȻ䣬ҶԺִӦҶǿѹϵĳ죬ɡ
ˡ
Ҷ˰֣аգ·һҾ͹ָͷҡ
ⲻҶʥķˡ
Ҷ̫ȫήˡ
֮ԱΪɳ֮ɲǴġ
Ǳ°ӵãǳҪ
һûĵ°ӣ©ٶȾͻɱɱӡ
ǲܾ촦ãһ֪֮ɳлжٲʧжɳ˶
Ҷżĸԭ
ⳡ쫷ɳѣ
ѵ˵ͷʾҶϥʼָ֮Żѵһ֣ԭȿٷеĶ飬رøڹһ
̶̰˰·̣һȴ߸ʱ
Ҷ۾ʱһ仹н·̡
ӵҶʵԭʱȴǿЦãҲܹǣֻ·
·̣ҲʮʮϢʱ䣬ת˲
ִʱ򣬺ɳͷ˺˲֪ʱ͹
ĵһƬˡСȫĬĵȴҶʹĽ٣𺳡
ʵڽӵ֪֮ͨ󣬵õʹͷ˺ɳˣԷϵ̬ӭʹĵ
Ҷһ·߸ʱǾ͹߸ʱ
ЩɳˣŻȥˣѹٹ
֧ǵģֻһ¡ϣ
ȥϣ
ȥ֮ٴοʱˮĴ£У˿Ȼǿȡ
ڣҶǽȥҲ˿ԥ
ЩΣҶѾľˡ
֮ԸıǣҶѾϰΪˡ
ȷʵһռԸĺûᣬҶȴԸĻᡣ
Ҷ¸Ǵ˴֮ˮǣⳡɵ˺ȴ޷⡣
궬죬ɳڣ֪Ҫˣ
Ҫ˼Ҿ硭
ɳɳˣ￴ʹҶչʾ񼣣ȻĿͷöͷѪҶ뿪
һΣҶ뿪ûãһƿճҶǰ
ʥ񾵷ȻɳĿռˣǣɳڲգȻԴ
ݺܼ򵥣ǼλɳҪٿ
ֱ˵ҪҶ̵ʱڻתƽڡ
ݣҶǣһ˿Ц
Ҷˣ
ټȥ˼ײ
ҶȼǵǰЩФ󡢻˰ȡµв龰Ǹơ
ҶûǸġ
Ц䣬öҶָ˷ĩ
ȻҶѪ
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ǣҶĿǰ޵ģҶҲǴһͨͨķһ·ƴģ֪ƽյĿ࣬Ҫȫˡ
ȵˣȾĸ䣬ôҲиԶɣ
Ҷ̵ȥ⼸ɳ̵Ҷ滹ûǸΰ
ҪȥȣҶҲýԸڵȸ࣬Żȥ
죬ȥһ䣬ȡʮ䡣
ҶľַѾıˡ
ıҶֵļ䣬Ҷƴȫһֲ˸ߴ
Ǽӵеǰûм٣˺ü
ܿģҶ淢֣ЧʺܵͣһܹĸͶˣҶԸҲ۵İ
ֵĹУҶģĿǰǾֵһס°ӵˮҪ滷Ժеǻᣬڡ
ԺߵĲ䣬Ҷÿʩչʱָֻ֮ǰ˱֮ǰٶһɡ
һСͲ䣬иʮžͺܲˡ
£ҶɣСɣһܹȵĲĿ͸ˡ
֮ǰϢ߸ʱԵʣҶЧʸߣһ߹ʮ䡣
ɳͬʱҲջ˺ԸͿߣȻҲյ˴
յҶתͲ˵ˣٷĿ͸ߴʮ
ÿһݶ࣬ҲԽԽҶȴһûȫҶл˷ĩ
ʱˡ
Ҷûκλۼڻƽڵɳǣȴסˡ
ҶʹҲ̫Ȩˣô򣬾Ȼһأʵ̫ˡϼݵɳ˰һĲޡ
⼸λȴûһӦ˰Ļڳļλɳһ֪ô¡
֪Ҷ治ԭʵǰǵвЩˡ
˭֪ɳ֮ͻȻᷢѵһĺƽ٣
Ҳƽټ˰ɳҲû
ҪǹģСһ㣬ǵ˶ỳҶֽš
˲˵ɳȴǼˡ
˵ĵ֮УĵأųɵĲ䣬ƽ١
漱
ٲҶĻ֮ڣĵڵĲҪʧٰ˳ɣɳڵڵں׹㡣
ڣЩɳˣȫ⣬񡢴˾ɳչ񼣣ˮ
ʱǲȣɳɳ񣬻ûʲô¡
ͳεĵɳڣɾͳ׵ˡ
ڼ֮ϵɳĲˣͳλûˣ̸ʲôͳΡ
ļ
ڶɳ˵ȼλФǵ˵ڣСܹЩֵĲ䡣
ٲµҪ˰
ʲô취ѵܰ𣿡ФŰ취һĻͽڳڶɳˡ
˰۾һǣ˾˵ˣСе˶᲻ߣҲûʹ𣿡
˾˵Ϊ˱أת
ڶɳصĿһһ㣬ɹǾԲ˵ѵġ
ҪȻҲóȻ֧һȨʹ
ҲУҲУǹϣ˵ô죿Ф˼ˡ
Ϊ֮ơź룬˵ֻ˾ɹˡ
һɳĴߴ£ӲĴ˾ɹٶȻת˵⣬˾ɹЦ
ǰЩӣһв̤ǵĵ̰벽ôᣬȫתˣ
һλȨصɳҲ˼Ϸ죡
˾ɹһɳѵʲôƢûС
ѵѵֵ飬˾ɹ˭Ҫż
ڼλɳĴߴ£˾ɹױдһ򣬴еӡ֮󣬷Ҷ棬ߴҶִ̾ơ
˾ɹ棬ҶȻܲκλӦ
ûãҶʹ˻
ҶĻظ֮󣬴˾ɹ飬ͱޱȵĹŹϵڽɫŨ
ȼˣ˾Ҷʹ˲֪ߵغҾܾɣ
ĻǾ̫ˣɲܷΡɳФٴγûһǺݵ
˾ɹϵڽɫŨЦһͽҶ洫ӸФ󣬡Լ
ɨһҶظеݣƤѾޱȵɳФͱòʼգ
ֱһһĴȥ
ǻ˰»ȣֻʸĹţһֲͨ췢գĿ࣬Զԣ
˾°šФ󡢻˰¡ȼλǰǵҵ˵Ҹ̤ǵĵ̣ҪҵԴ°
̶̼仰ͽһɳžž죡


1873 ʮ
ճãʸɳŴεա
˾ǰЩвҶʹ飬ȷʵЩСˣҲЩˣ£ǿԱǸ⡣
ƽٵͷĲ䶼ٳвֻҶʹ
˾ԲҶʹúõһ¾ֵ顣
˵˾ɹޱȵĳأΣǶɳĶ
˾ɹ˸һ£Ȼⷬ˵ĹûʣҲʵ顣
ǣ˭ǰ⼸λɳǳԭ˭Ҷ棿
ǵĿģȷʵǳЩɳˣЩɳ˵Ӱǵĸ棬ҪȻĻǲŲС
˾ɹȻϤһУԣֻҪܹøɳˣǾͿˡ
Ϸԡ
д˾ɹԳ棬Ҷתƽִ¡
ҶȻٲԸҲø
ңһε쫷ɳɵֺҲȫҶܹġ
Ҷֻܹظ̬ǵ»Įʧȥĵˮ
ɳУſȥδʧ
ԣ˾ɹԳ֮ҶʹӦתִ̾¡
󣬿ǵҶĿǰٻʱ䣬һһȥʵ̫˷ʱˡ
ɴ˾ɹʩչͨԽҶת
˰ʱ˾ɹͽҶٶ
Ҷ浽ǰЩвҶܻڵĻ˰¡λɫЩΡ
ФƤٺ񣬴ʱҶ棬ҲЩڡ
ǹţҶ棬͸ûһ㣬ûκε쳣
ڲĻ飬ûʲôźͷϻҶ浽֮󣬻ֱ⡣
һ£ȻҪ
ɳȵĵڣء
ȵĵдССĲԼǧİٶֵĲĿ͸ߴǧһٸ
ǧһٸ֮УĲĿ͸ߴǧ˰ٸ䣬ߴųϡ
Ȼ˵ҲʩչɳʵǱˮн
Ⱦǽֵܹʩչۼ˾ۼ˾ȫԼҲԳ֣һ겻߲ݵĴܹȵĲ䣬ᳬһٸ
ҪʩչûҶͼӰЧ
ȣһڣڰϡ
ԣޱȼˡ
µĵҲȽأĳɵĲȫֵĲ䣬߳ɡ
˰ĵذᣬֵĲߴ߳ɣȫĲ䳬ɣûȫĲҲòȥ
ФλɳĲᣬֻвĲֵ֣ĲڣȫĲ䣬һɵ֮䡣
Ǽܲסǵĵ̴󰡡
Фĵڣжʮɳˣɲδʧɳˣͻᳬڡ
ȵڵ˿ڣһڳͷľַδųɲʧɳˣĿҲߴϡ
⼸λɳޱżԭ
ң⻹ԶӰ¿
һεĺƽ٣ô֮֮⣬ɵһشֺǾա
ʳȫ⣬ɳġʳõĸͺĿԶɹҲȫ
꣬ɳ˾ճɲãЩɳĸɹɳݣֻҪһʳҲܶɹꡣ
ΪɳĻɳɳˣûжٴģǸĲֿڣҲ١
ճ£ɳֻٿԿһճɶɹ죬ճɲãֻҪɹ˶죬ʣµҲͺðˡ
ڣľա
λɳԤ⣬ĿǰĲΪҲ֮⡣
һȱǵԤ⣬죬ɳΪȱˡ
Ϊԭ򣬸ʳûȫͳƳֹ۹ƣɳڣܻߴɡ
ɣǾǶʮڵʮɳˡ
ֵʱҶЩ¡
˿ɣ£սܴﵽЧ
ڴܣҪǶİճʮˣصҪժɴñ
ɳڣ˾ͼλɳ˵µģƺˣƵġ
ʳ⣬ݺ飬ֻǾ취ＯڣһһθٵĴ¡
˾ɹڵʱ˵Ŀ⣬Ҷ档
Ҷ


1874 
һġ
ֵĸɳ岿䣬ҶһҪȵģյĽΣҶһᾡԼøĲȥ
ǣôȣ
Ⱦ˭ĵ̵Ĳ䣬پ˭ĵڵĲ䣬Ⱥ˳򣬾ֵҶ濼ˡ
Ҷ˼Ҷ۵㣬ͱòһˡ
һЩļƻҶԺгɡ
ɳҶ治˵ȴż
Ҷʹ֮ǰв㣬ЩԣҲԭģڣǻüëʱ
һ죬Ϳʧɳ
¹Ĵ£ҶʹӴֳԴΪأ
ɳȿˣļ
ĵأûЧľֶΣòĹͻΪ˾ʱ򣬵ٶҲûá
ż˵ȻҶʨӴ󿪿ڣһֵñӡ
Ҳ֮ǰФȡ˰֮ɵһ¡
ΣҪҶ־֣ǣȴҶʨӴ󿪿ڡ
ԼԺǸƻҶ棬ɳȵĻͻȻʧЦ
˾ǰһλ˵˵Щ˰ʵ޳֮ˣˣ壬壬棬棬㽲֡
˾˵أˣǲ޳֮
ҶһҲûȣЦеĸ˾ɹ
ɵҲҶһˢľͱͨ
ʵ⼸仰̫ˣ޳̻֣֮ǰڣġ
һԵФ󡢻˰£ҲһЩסˡ
ƫƫַá
˾ɹЦȴЦ
ãû֣ȴ絶⡣
Ǻǡ˾ɹ˸ǽεʱ̸ԲȥˣҶʹ˵˵ɣھ֣ЩĲ´ֲʲô뷨

Ŀǰֻǻָ֮ǰĿһͣĸ·ҹݣһҲʮѡ
һʮ䣡
֣Ǵ˾ɹǹšФ󡢻˰¡ȵˣһԣФˣΪֵһ
ѾٶˣҲ첻ˣ֮ǰѾ²߲ݣʵٶȣ
ңÿʮңҵóʱڵϢָǿȵǾԪ飬ܲס
ҶΪٶ̫æ
˾ɹȴЩ죬˵飬ȴЩɡ
ҪΪҶٶȣеģҪĶࡣ
֮ǰԤٶȣҶһʮҵĲ䣬Ŀǰĵ°ٸõӵٶȣ͵°Ӻˮʧٶȣֻа˸ҵʱ䡣
˸µʱ䣬Ҷֻܹǧ䣬ֲ֮һ
һܹʮĻٶȣͷǳɹ۵ģζŴ󲿷ֵĲ䣬ͿԱ
ٶȣϷ⣬Ͼ£һģҲҪֵܶĲ䡣
Ҷʹ֮ǰ˵ˣĸǿҪʱ
Ϊ˲˷ʱ䣬ΪҶʹȸĲ䣬Ϸ飬λÿʮ귢һεɳͽҺһݶ͸Ҷʹ
ǽҺ֧֣ҶʹÿֻҪٵʱ䣬ܹ׻ָ˾ɹ˵
ҺʵɳĸƷЧͼֵȴһҲɳ͡
ΪҺڣ̺ؼƽ͡Ҳӽ״ֻ̬Ҫһ㣬ڶʱڻָܹЧľơ
ҲǼΪĵرңֻв
ЩɳÿʮһηֵķݶҲࡣ
ÿ˵һݶòôɣҿҶʹҪ٣پͿԡ˰ƽϵĻأͷִ˾ɹš¡ȫһֹ
ФиƵֱѪɳ˰ʲôã̫š
Ҷ棬ҲһֹŻ˰
˼˵ҽףȴڽš
ʱ˻ƣڿţ湻Եİ
˰Щˣ¿ŵĵϲʧ̫󰡡
ҶʹᣬҲǿţֻǾġ
գһͣ˵ɫˡ
ʱ򣬿ЦҶ棬ǰ˰֣Ҳġȥ˭ĵϾ֣˭ӦĽҺɳ裬Ϳˡ
һ仰Ҷ͸⼸λɳһӡ
ߣʱĶ٣öãҶ˵㡣
Ҷд飬һɳȻޱȵͬ⡣
ϾҺɳ裬Ϊܹõóֺͱ˽׵ı
ʱ򶼺˵ҵһҪʩȵģ϶ҵϵĲ䣬ҵϵֲ䣬ҲŻǵϵֲ䡣
ڵǣҾԸĵϵֲ֮ȥ˭ҵĲʩȣȥ˭ҵģǸ⡣Ҷ׳һҪȴܹؼ⡣
ԣʱͼˣµĲأĲߴųϣȻȥҵĵ̣
Ⱦ͸ܵĵɱһĿ⣬ƽʱϵĺõĻ˰Ҳˡ
ҵĵϵֵĲ䣬Ҳĵٰƾʲôȥĵ̣ҵĵ̰ɣ
ⲻðɣҵĵҲҲˡ
ŸФеǸûпڣȡ˰λɳȴѾȳ
Щɳ˿ƽĤݵڸøһȺ˳򣬿϶ӵһء
󣬻Ǵ˾ɹȥˣŽ˵ѹȥ
ǣҶʹģҶʹѾ˽ķɣ
ķȻУҲܼ򵥣Ѿ˺ʵİ취Ⱥ˳Ѻ飬ڣһõ顣
ĹҶѾԺеǸƻƵĲˣ˻˳
˵˵λɳĿⶼҶʱ򣬴˾ɹ˵
֪ɳκƽ٣⣬Ŀǰٵ⣬ʳҩƷȱɡ
籩жһңɳ˶ˣݵɳģûעˡ
ԣ˾ɹüͷһ壬ҶʹϷղ˵ˣʳ⣬Ѱ죬Ѻ飬Ⱦ࡭
˾иƻԽ⣬һҶֱЩܲĴ˴˾Ļ
˲ϢڳɳԲ۾
Ҷʹ˵ܽʳ⣬ⲻܰɣɵ
Ҷʹ֪ĿǰٵʳȱжǿǰϵĿ
ÿÿͱ׼Ҳһ޷
˵ǴܲǽףǴܸǽףʱڣҲ޷˺ʳŪɳ֮ɳФĶҶ档
˵ģ˾ɹĿ⣬ҲĶҶ档
˿ڰȷʵһ֣ѽֻҪ̫ٰܹ˳ɵά󡣡Ҷ˵
˾ɹ۾Բˣģ
Ȼģܲɣ͵ÿλˣ
ȣɻĿҶ档
Ҷ棬˹Ŀ


1875 СС
ֲֲ顣أܼ򵥣ҾǸ
Ϊ̵ܹʱȸĲ䣬ҲΪڳʱ䣬˭ĵ̣λ͸ṩ㹻ĽҺɳ裬ûɡҶȷԿλÿһ
û⡣
һͷĸСһ㡣
ˣ˾λƷȥɣǩʲôԼ֮İɣҶɨһӼλɳ˵
һФȡ˰˵ɫԵĲ̫ÿ
ǵƷʵǡ
ҶʹһģȻ֮ǰĸλƷŵùġңģյһԼֻҪ˫ͬģպ˭ҲִУϷȥã˾ɹ˵
Ҷһ⣬ϻô࣬ʵҶҪľǴ˾ɹ䱣֤
ãд˾ı֤Ҳͷˡ
Фȡ˰һĺߣ⻹ǰ˵ŲǼƷ
ƽʹ˾ߵĵ̣Ϊشģλ̵ĶټֵĲ䲢࣬ԣΪʡʱ䣬ǰλĵ̴ʱڽĲ䣬һ˳ָ㶨
ǣλɳĵ̣ȥһ
ҶȴûλɳĻᣬ˵Ի
֮ǰҲ˵ˣ˳ܵýԶɲɣλɳϵࡣ
Ҫѡȥһң⼸ҿ϶⡣
Ϊ˷ֳԶҲΪ˾Ⱥ˳ҲλɳҶ治صǡãмССλɳܹһҶĳ͸м
ҶĳҲͿ԰λĳ̶ȣֳԶȺ˳򡣡
˵꣬ҶЦеĿФˣλɳΣ
ļλɳǻ˼ǧϼһһˡ
һҶ⻰Ҷ˼ǿ˰
ҪǼྺۡ
Ȼʱϸʵģַ
ؼ͵ÿҶ濪ۼˡ
֪Ҷʹʲô󣿡ɳФʵ
Ƕ֮ڣҲֻϵһѡأҪһͻƵõƬ
ҵΪеʱˣΪȱٺʵͻõƬһֱûͻơ
ͻõƬҲһͨСƬͿλ˭ṩĺˡҶ˵
Ҷʹܹд˷ִ磬ϷҲͷˡ
˾ɹҶʨӴ󿪿ڣһһҪҶҪģ࣬һľͷŵ˶
ѣأФҲһ
ҶĽ˻ʨӴ󿪿ڣǼФŻãλǾҪӲˡ
⣬м£Ϊڰ벽жʱˣҸͻƵλһͻƵʱؼ򣿡Ҷ˵
ͻƵʱؼ򣿡Фһ¡
ⶫ˵ޱȵ󣬵˵ͨҲˡ
¼Ϊǿ߽Լͻĳ硢ĳĸ;飬طӡƵ֮С
õط߶ʱ򣬾Ϳ鵽ؼͻƻʱָ;顣
飬ȫλģ侳ġ
һ־һ
ؼʱͻƵĸʷǳ
ͨ£Щ֮Уֻ״ӻѪףпõޱȵؼ֮
ؾĲ̫õǹеĸ;飬ֻطʱҪĴڵǿ߶ԣȫܵ
ֻҪԸ⣬ǿܶؼ
Ψһ鷳ؾпй¶ǵĹص֮أǿ߲Ըؼԭ
ҲΪԭؼклؼͿߵ̬ˡ
Ҷ֮ҪǴӰ벽ͻƵ̫ˡ
ǿ֮У˵ǰһǧһҲ
ҶոչµĿڰ벽ܶˣҶṩ˴Ҳûͻơ
Ҷ뵽
һĿͻƵҶֵ£Ͷһǿߣãɾʹȥ
ûҶ˿϶Ļش
أФޱʵ
ûˣղž˵ˣֻҵһСѡ˭ṩĶƷʺãȥ˭ĵ̾֡Ҷ˵
ƾĶۣҶҪ󣬲ߡ
ֻɳФҪǴӦˣʹ˲˵Ӵ֮Ҷ棬ڵĵλͻ᲻һ
ФôԼһҶ棬ˣȴ룬ǵĲ䳬ųɵȣǼĸȹϵһ
ԭżôҶȥĵ֣̾ҶԽܵķͲûо˫˫޳ˡ
ͬ⣬ͰȵһûĿФ񣬶ֱ˾
ԥһ£Ҳվ˳Ҳͬ⡣
ɳ˰ŵģĵϵĲʧҲ۵ģҲվҲͬ⡣
⻹ССϷҲû
ȥҲûҪˣˬĵͷˣһֱʣȴһֱûб̬ɳФˡ
Ф㵵ķ֣ԭƿصƺ̫ܿˡ
¾ôˣ̸ʳ⣿˾ɹҶ棬ĵ⡣
ʳܹǾ̫ˡ
ǼƻԭֻܵĶʮɳˣϣ
˷ǲľ顣
еѡ񣬴˾ɹǾԲԸǶʮɳڽ궬ġ
ʳ⣬ܶôһ㡣Ҷ˵
һ㣿˾ɹЩ⡣
̸飬ӦÿԱܰɣҶٴοڶɳһۣһࡣ
һ㣬û⣬Ϸ㱣֤ɳ߲꣬ɳ⣬ûܴڵڵģһ㣬˾ɹԱ֤
Ǿͺá
Ҷͷ֮ʣһݸ˴˾ɹҵľƻҪλɳϣҲȫдߣǴİɡ
һۣ˾ɹͱЩȻ̧ͷϸĿҶһۣϸϸĿҶȻŽݸ˹š
Ф󡢻˰¡ȵˣһһġ
ÿ˿ĵһӦ𾪣ޱȵľȡ
λܰ쵽ҪĻͿԾִƻɹôʳҪʱ䣬ƻԽԽá
ܣ͵û˵Ҷһƽ
Ҷʹһʣ㰴ļƻ£ҳɹˣα֤һܹӴʳأ
ǿʳϵάҪȫѼʮɽҪҪࡣ
ôĲɹԻѲ˾ע飬ңڴܣҲ޷ڶʱڼôʳɣ
ڶɳһصԼɻɲǣеɳĿ⣬Ҷ档
ȻҶ治ܸһߺϸĴ𰸣Ҷƻ޷ܹġ
Ҷȴһ죬¶һɭɭͬʱóһöޱȵӡѲ˾Ѳĵڶ·Ѳʹô


1876 
ɳ׸߿֮У¹ҫ£ʥɢ鱦񾵷еĹ⻪Щƣ
䣬һλصԣȥһסòһ͵˵ʮﷶΧ֮ڡʥֻһĴʦȵ
ס׼ᣬһɱҪҵˣȫ֣Ҳɱġ
һ˱ֳͬѰʵ֪ͨϷ򡣡
Уʰɾβɳ˵ľʥֽһͨУȴ͸һ˿ƣ
ظĹʥǰǰѾ˿µʱˣµʱڣɳ֮һĲ䶼
ʥõһķҲпҳǸһķ
꣬Ϊ۷壬Уʵ׿죬ʥܽ
ѰңȻɺѣȴܹΧȵС
ɳı߾Ѿʥɳĸֺŷڷյ£һֻҪͨҲᱻ֡
£Ѱͺмֵˡ
ꡣ
ʥƣҪʱ䣬ܹǸļһҳûͬʱúõĳһڶ
ֻǣʥҲ벻̶̼ĹҶΪʹ۷۷壬ʹ
ʥΪΧſص֮䣬ǵ˿ܵαװҲ벻ҶΪȻ˵ͻͽ
һʥ񾵷һϿգָĨ䣬ǸߵϢʼϣʥʼų
֮񾵷⻪һʦ
ΪҵǸļһʥʮλʦǲ
ʱվʥĴʦʮλ
ÿɳȥЩ˲֤ͻƵĴ񾵵ʥͻ߶񾵣ٽЩ񾵵ͨŲƵߡ
˵ʵͣ£ʥҲǷǳġ
û취Ҫһ£ʥϸҵģ£λԶĴ£ܹʱһ
λĴƵԽУôлýͣĿǰİ벽컯ͻƵ컯ġ
ҲͻƵ컯ңңڲ˵һϵеӰ͵λ
ԣһΣʥ˵ǲͣƴҲҪѱɳ
ɾʥͣһһʱʥ·ĵصɳ֮УһƽޱȵĻɳͻȻͼͻأĳ·Ĺɳ֮С
ǣ׸߿еİ벽컯ʥȴһͻأ·һɳû˿ĸӦ
һɳ֮еĹšФ󡢻˰һɳ黹Ȼͼʶ˾ɹֶˣҲֹһΡ
ǣҶȴޱȵĳԾ
죬Ҷڼʶʲôһɳһ硣
һССĸССĻɳУȴǬ
Ҷ桢šФһɳдλɳ³սǿĵʮλ
վô˲˵ռ仹ޱȵĿҪǣ˿̳ʥ˵·鱦񾵵ķȻ˿ûз
񾳵ķȻֻǷܣȴֻȱԲѡ
˾ɹȴ֪ܽ͵
Ҷ죬ǿ۽ˣʶһɳһı£ɳɳ֮ûġ
ʹ˾ܹ鱦񾵵ı£컯ˣҲҪĵ
ɳµɳ֮һϷǧʱ䣬ų׵Ĳ͸ңʩչʱҪٵԸһ˵Ը˾ɹЩʹ
Ҷ˴Ѳ˾Ѳڶ·Ѳʹʵ֮󣬹šФһɳȻҶŪʳ
Ҷ滹ڴӵдƬصı¡
ҶƻȻȻҲˡ
ֻҲΪԭЩɳһӵʣҶ᲻Ǵļϸ
Ϊ˽Ҷ˲ٴ໹ûȫǵǡ
Ǵ˾ɹͦҶ棬ҶΪȡǳＯʳѹҪҲûҪԱݡ
ݴ鷳ôҲʶ׼ġ
Ҷ棬һϲƿˡ
ȷǵѣʥǸ϶ϱߡĿӦ˼Ϣ˾ɹ
ԣҶһ͵վֱ壬ȻˣǾͰƻжɣ
Ҷ˺þãŸʥĴУ
ʥϣܸһϲΪͷʱҶĬĬ˵


1877 ɳ
ףһλصӣӦûʲô԰ɣ߿У񾵷ʥһָӾĨ񾵵˲ʧ
Ŀ񾵷ϱƿʥЩƣüͷôʱȷʵЩˣҪǾϵۡ
ףˣ
¶ϵĴ紵ʥ½죬ʥһͬʱһȡ
мŵɳһǺ˵ζʥüͷӦķɳ
û취ɳ֮Уִɳ̫ˡ
ҲڴʱһĪļ¶͵شʥͷѪĸоʥ˲Ϣ
ͬһɲǣʥͫһͻȻͷ˲Ծ
ڵĵط׸߿հƲ֮ϡ
Ȼ˵ƣɳĴٴҲܰɳ׸߿ȥ
ǰЩӵ쫷ɳҲܡ
СģϮ׼ӭУ
ʥڷ쳣ĵһ˲䣬ʾ
Ҳһɲǣ·ϵɳ˲ϢŨޱȡ
ؼ䣬һɲǼ䣬ƺɳ⡣
ɳ˲Ϣͱòһ
һأʥĸоУرİʥĸоУⱻɳ򣬸һ
ʥжظһ˿壬ɳ򣡡
ʥʧɲǣ˾ɹĴЦ쳹ʥϹּˣ죬㻹ôӣ
ЦУһֻƺءʥͷƤɳȭʥͷ
һУĺܿ졣
ҶУֻɳһչ˾ɹͽʥһŻɳ֮С
Ҷͼ˽һŻɳڴ˾ɹʥս龰ŰŴ˾ʥľ޴ɳ·һεһ㣬ҶҲ͸ȥ
ͬһɲǣҵսҲʹչ
ʥߣʮλĴʦģΪȫڵ֮䣬ԵΪ
һΣ˶ʮλΪȴĴʦҪһ㡣
ǣģʮλ֮⣬λɳ
һΣΪҶļƻһص֮⣬ѾԳƵ㳲ˡ
ʵĴʦǣɳÿһɶǿBOSSĴڡ
ΪҶǰʵɳȿƺĳһڵĴʦ¡
λĴʦҲ壬ŭХһıѾӭȥ
һɲǣλ߶ʦȴѪɣǼƷıȻѵɲǣλʦ˵ڣǴĹͷ
Цȥ׷ɱһ˵Ĵʦ
һȻҶȴһ֮УӦһ˿ԸϢ
һ˾ˣȱΪ⣬붯Ըйϵ
˵ģڶɳš
֮ȣ˸䣬ÿһ˸һλʦѪɶ
ųֻ֣һƻɣһӰε׷ɱ
Ⲣ˵Ĵ顣
ǹΪ˾ܵı
ɳԴȱǿ߷ǳϡȱκһĻ䣬Զһ޴ʧ
ԣŴʱһһشЩȥвԵĴʦȻĻá
˵ûʥľס֣ͳһһ浹ɱ
ʵڴ֮ǰƾӲʹܵġ
㳲սȻһ浹ˡ
ڹ۲˼Ϣ֮ҶҲսš
ԭǰ棬Ҷ֣νˣѵð
Ҷûж÷ӣֻһôۣҲԲٶȣ嵽һڴսĴʦǰ
λʦǰһƣشʱǴѪ˿·硣
ҶһصСһλʦû⣬ߵıܣǱ˼־衣
ӽɲǣҶһ̤ŵһһš
ͬʱڼٺ˵λʦо׹һɽһĪһٶȲͻ֮һ
ǣ׷ȥĻٶȴ˿Ӱ졣
һޱȹΣͺλʦͻȻɵһ͵ؼ٣ͣȻ׷ɱĻ˸š
Ѫŵŷɳʦޱȵķŭ

ǿߵսޱȵǿǿһеƻǾʤġ
Ҳһɲǣλʦͻ죬͵ػͷȥʱ򣬾ͿҶ֪еĿǿ񣬲ǵˣеǡʳ
ûλʦɫųܴ֮ʣӿ
Ӧ¾ͱīɫļޱȵ˸ʵʵʮͬʱʹһĻҪѨ
ʮѨλ£һֹķʽɶ
ʱתɬޱȣ˲Ϣʧȥ˷
Ҳһɲǣʮīɫ÷ԪĵҪѨڵ翪բĺˮһ㣬
Ĵʦ˲ϢͲ˿־֮ɫ
ɶȡʤűҶܵĴʦЩһԴһսš
һһ浹ɱҲŸոտʼ


1878 
λɳȫ֣û˰벽컯ʥⳡսһ浹ҽٶҲ̫ˡ
սֻ˲ӣʹﵽ˰Ȼ
ʮλʦ֮ʣµĴʦǣ޷ټսȥ
һۻһŻɳпս̫ʥʣʮһλʦ׷׷ǿĹȻɢӡ
ҵǼλÿռͨܵĴʦ
òƴȡıʱ䣬Ƿռͨʱ򣬲ŷ֣ǲ۵ĻɳȻϰ
Ѿ򿪵ĿռͨǰĻɳ
Щƽʱ۵Ļɳʱȴһɫʯһ㣬بЩĴʦǰ
Ƕռͨǰŷ֣Ļɳ֯һɳһ㣬赲ʩչռ֮ͨռͨ·
ռͨ׵ĸ
Ǻɳոմ򿪵ĿռͨѾ£˵ϬޱȵĹѾӱϮ
⼸λĴʦ˲ϢٴΧ
֮ǰǷɳգҶ޷תħ硣
תۼ䣬Ӧˡ
ҪʱһգҲˡ
֮ǰЩʦٵһЩǰɳĿֲСô֮ġ
ڽɳ֮ǾģҲˣɳƽ
ֱݺᰡ
ǾģӦЩǰΪ֮ǰʧҽڡ
ڣһȴޱȵĺڡ
лᣬԸٴȥЩμӹǰϸϸǆһͨǿɳĹֶΡ
Բӷ
˭Ҳû뵽ЩĻɳȻܹգǵĿռͨʧЧ
ֻǣ⼸λʩչռͨʧΧĴʦԺҲûĻˡ
ǿ֮ĶԾһһĺɱԷǶһһĶһͺˡ
գɹӳսȦĴʦˣˣٵĶɳֶЩ˽⣬ֻһЩ˲õıͨ
ܲӳ죬ÿǵ
Ϊÿ˵󣬸һλɳλҲˣǵ󣬸λ׷ɱ
ҶȴЩơ
ԭҶ뷨УⳡսӦóĸһ㣬ҶеջСΪĸһ㡣
ǣⳡսô죬ĿǰΪֹҶסһڵĴʦ
ңλʦϵС÷ԪתЧĵͣƾ㽫λʦ˸ɣСΪ˲ܴӽͻƵء
ҶļƻСΪӦÿԽⳡսͻƵ۷ġ
һСΪﵽ۷壬ټС컯ԣҶϵǿߣҲԱ֮
ڵǣһ㡣
ĿһҶ濴Ļɳ򣬲ɵ촽
Ǵ˾ɹһ£Ҷ˵ʥҲûпܡ
ɳڣͷɢѪʥʱ״転Ȼ˾ɹƴ˸¡
ҶܿĻͻῴʥÿһеУŴԸ
ʥڵѪ
ЩԸıҲͻƵ컯ıǮڣΪ˱ֻܻӻˡ
ʥСǰĴ˾ɹͷֲ̫ˣλնɱĴڰ
ɹսȫ濪ս𣿡һ߿սʥһͼɹ
𣿡
սʲôʱֹͣɹһЦ
֪˵ĲѾǧûбĳͻˣս
͸ɳʥһλʦˣͷǸ
ЩߵĴʦȫһмÿսһĿϸࡣ
ս
˾ɹرñŭܸҽͽǰЩ쫷ɳ쫷ɳԴͷҽڴ֮ǰ֣
֣˵ǣҲû졣ʥæһڷ¡
ֺƽ飬˵ԸɣԲܹϡ
֣
˾ɹ÷ŭ£Ҿ֡ô鱦񾵷ɳգʲô
ңֵֵĹؼʱ̣ǾȻ鱦ϵ빺ʾ֣޷
ȣսȣ
˵˾ɹѾķŭ죬ͽǵԴЩǣһѣɲǣ
䣬ɳڹ⻪һ䣬ʥٵѹرһࡣ
ǰʥʱͱóޱȡ
Ҳʱʥ˻ɳЩɢĴʦǱÿɬޱȡ
鱦񾵷ɳĿռ䣬ֻΪһ
ȴû뵽˶ŭǵķ
ʥԴ׸ɳõһɫСڴ˾ɹͷ
Сɲǣʥɫ䣬Ŀжظһ˿֡
ڣȷɹҪɱ
ûʲôǣʥ͵һҧ⣬һڽɫıԴѪͱ񾵷С
һ񾵷ģһŽɫɫԸ
ޱȵĿռ䲨ش񾵷͸һɲǣʥе񾵷΢΢һΣһŽɫʵķ׹񾵷
һμ䣬˾ɹιޱȵĻɳ򣬶ؾͱǵ⻪ƿһȱڣ˾ɹҲһƺߡ
Ԫ˲ϢǸȱӿ˳ϤĿռֻˡ
˵ʱʱ죬ʥͻһ⣬˻ɳ
ȥ
һ֣˾ɹеɫСͻһ磬ʥ
ոӳɳʥɫСŵĺë
ɫСնµͷš
УɫСһԵޱȡʥĴֱӵơ񵶣
˵ʱʱ죬ʥһսпాսܣǿɲǸǵġ
Ǳܵģʥͽе鱦񾳷ɫ񵶡
飡

֮£鱦񾵵ֶر֧顣
ײһ𣬿ֲʱɢ˷
еɳ˲Ϣͻ˷ĩ
˷ҶڣڵһʱֽһٶȳԶ
Ҳʱʥٶȣ˺գ˲Զݡ
ֻʧʱʥŻƬ鱦񾵵ķʹֱѪ
һϢ֮󣬵ɢȥ˾ɹʥʧĵط
ɳչ鲻Ļɳ򡭡


1879 ŭ
ⶸشһŨбһ㣬ԭްĻգʱޱȡ

鱦ķסһ
߸ϵУŭ⣬һ߹ڻ˲ȥ
ʥ֮һ֮УھбչصտͻȻУ۾
һɲǣտξͳĵ롣
Ϸ֮Уڹĵұһ˫Уת⣬ĶŸոյտ
֪ǺǾˣܽ죿
տֻǹ֣ûһʦߴʦȥ
Ϊ֮еλȻǼЩ컯ˣտҲ㹻ĵ
񾵵ķˣ񣬷·һ㡣
տһʧˣôܣ
񾵵ķҲ޽ӽ鱦ôܱ飿
Ǳ㡣ǽ񾵵ֽģ
ǾȻ񾵷ˣ֪˶صĺ
Ϊֵ飬񾵵ܣήϣңҪһʱ䣬񾵲лָУѾŭ
鱦񾵣յһͬʱҲʵһ֡
ڲ컯֮Уƾ鱦񾵣ŵϺŵģ˸Ҵùͷ
񣬷鵼񾵱ʵ½ҲʵܵӰ졣
ңӰޣδһ֮ڣܵӰ졣
⡭
տʱ뵽ʥΪ񾵷ʥʱʹõġ
񾵷£ʹʥˡ
˿ǰҲϾʥ
£Ϸһϸ飬֮󣬸һտ˵
ãǱšýŪ񾵷ǸҰں޲ýǸǧΣ
Ǹŭ鱦鱦֮һ
ϣ鱦ƾܹùڣȴΪñԴ
ŭ𣬷տû˵ֻǳ˹֣Ϳ͡
֮Уϵӣ龰ټ
տٶȣϵʥ
񵶶ˣ֪ԭίķտ۾ɹ֪ģǶպյ񵶣񾵷飬ҲͿˡ
˵û񾵷֣֮£ʥҲӲѵġ
֮񾳵ķʥһ
ٶȣɡһ£տ
ʥˣأǸļһûҵҷô󹦷򣬾ء
㻹ô
˵Ǹһﾫͨռͨ飬ĿռѾʧЧΪǸһﻹɳȥץ
⣬ģټɳУɹЩϹŹ㣿ûһ鱦ķ㵲֡
ʥԳĬһ£ξȻ󵨵ĸϮɱˣҴĴʦֱʮ
ĵǲ̫ˣ죬ǲӦôһʥٴԼĽ飬ʵʲ
ʱߵĴʦȻսʼûþͿʼˣգӳģֻˡ
˴ˣ˱֡
ڲĶ֪ģʥضȫ׼Ǽ£ʱЩǣҲԸֳһ͵ɳǸ֮С
ǵģڲһɳޱѿеĹͷӡ
һݽȥͺȫ˵ӡ
ǣʮλʦѵ
ûʲôǣ
ڸոգ񾳵ˡԽɽĲŭҪ񾵷ŪǸһǧΡ
㲻뱻ǧΣøϽ뷨¡տ˵
ɳĵصĳ󼸾仰ʥ͵վ𣬺ݺݵһ˵棬𶯵ɲǣʥæ͵Ρ
ʱ˿̣ʥֱƵֱѪ
һҹ֮䣬ͳɳĹ
ܣڲҲд鷳

Ϣ֮ʥһӢĩ·ĳ̾λ˵Ĵʦƿգ˲ʧ


1880 
һۣ棬˵Ǵȫʤʤ
ˣɳžԮʱλܾͱĴǰ˵汳ˡ
λɳ£Ҳˡ
һλʦ֮£ȼԪ飬ɳˡ
ԭҶĽ飬ʥɳԵ֧ǧ˵ţҲҪġ
˾ɹȴǽҶƻеһ޳˳ͬʱҲҶԭ
ֻΧʥʦΪʥ񾵷ɳա
ǾܰóȻȫɳ߾ţսˡ
űȫߣǳӻԭضбٴηս
Ҳսǣֵ˺ƽ֮ʱһսԻɳѩϼ˪
Ǵ˾ɹԭҲ˲˵Ҷ档
˵ʵⳡսĽҶġ
˳ƵƳʥҶʵеĿռʥнҶ׷޴ص鱦񾵵ķ
鱦ķԲǴײˡ
Ҷҿ϶ʱǺܳһʱڣӦò񾵷ġ
ⶢţо̫ˡ
СһλʦڵգҲֻǽΪ˽ڡ
ȻûдﵽԤĿ꣬ҶҲˡ
С츳ټ컯ĽƾŽڵΪܹӳ˵ս

ȻҲϵʤԱԣִУǳ볹ס
սʱ˲սɳͽԽɻĴָȫϽɵ˴˾ɹ
һսĽɻ񣬽ȫιʳľѡ
ΪﵽͻƵ˵֮ǿߣڴѾ˽ӿռ߽硣
ȫĴŹƷĵط߱ɱҲòɱߵĲƸ
ȻսʱƵڵĽӿռ磬ҲǺܷ顣
ԣЩ˽ߣͨὫƷڽڣȻٻһָųúսʱõĶ
˵ĵҩָҩʯһЩõ
ԣȱɻĴָֻһЩͨǿߵֵҲǲƵġ
ҶʹļƻѾˣʲôʱŪһʳصɳޱȵż
ĵأϵʳѾʼˡ
λɳĿ⣬ʱҲҶ档
Ȼ֮ǰҶ˵ôãֻڼʳ֮ǰǲŻ᳹׵Ҷ档
Եȣϵһ¡
ҶϵģȻĿǰűĹ졣
һյҶ򣬹ڵһʱ䷢˻š
ȻҶߣÿ£춼Ҷ㱨ΣԼڶ·ѲʹһЩҪ񣬶ҶĿ
һеϵȴһֱûϵҶ棬켱ˡ
Ѳʹû°ɣ
˷ģʦ򣬰ȵĺܣѲǱߣҲһֱܰݡ㱨
û¾ͺáˣڵĴж٣Ҷʵ
ʳ𣿡

Ǳ߿ϣԺ󣬾ĴѾ˰ϣĿǰдİʯ
ıûˮ˳ģظϵܴ˰ʯ㹻ӦұµĿ
ͳܱѲ˾ڶ·ѲʹãЩޱȵ
һʯԼһٽ
һ㣬һʯɹ˳ࡣ
ɳߣֻҪһܹȥάͲˡ
һˣһ;ܹȥ
һʯɳĻɹ˳£ɳߵʳȱڣ嵽ҡ
֮һʯֻɳ˳ðʱ䡣
Ŀǰȱɳˣߴʮڡ
֮ĿǰɳȱʮʯңֻԤʵӦñ⻹Ҫࡣ
ľҶҲֻܳһ룬Ҳʯ
㣬ҶĬȻ̾һ̾һɳĶ
ϾǶʮɳˣܹõġ
ҪȻʱʳ˶ģһ˹࣬߱ҶӶ
ʱɳڣˣֻ»ࡣ
Ƚһ룬ھ͸ôָ͹Ȼչʳɡ
ʳȱڣ㲻֪һ㣬̫ˡ
ֲô˾ɹֱӷˡ
ôȱڣҶѲ˾ڶ·ѲʹڻҲ޷򵽡
һã˵ὫԸݽȥ
չ洢һǧʯʳ˵Ǳ֣ǧʯʳ˵ǽͷǧʯʳһ˿ڸոճǧıԣУܾв֮ˡ
һ˳ϵ鵽Ҷɳʳǿɾ鷳ˡ
ϾԣɳܣǵжԹϵ
ʱ֮һˮǧöָػСŲ˺ü֮ɽһߵʳ˼λɳǰ
ǣλɳȴһĵǡ
ҶʹȷʵŪʳ㣬ϷȷţǣɳʳȱڣʯʳʵǱˮнһĳء
ǵһҪʱＯҲҪʽ𡣡ĹҶѾ뵽һＯʳĺ


1881 óһ
ǵһҪʱＯҲҪʽ𡣡Ҷ˵ĳϿҡ
ĵ̫ˣܹʳֻôˡ
ңҶڴܵĵ˲٣ȻûЩ˲עĶ
ѲϴǧţԭݹһһҶʲôľٶЩ˾ԻǡķʽôܵĹظǿĹ
ԣҶֻܴӱ֮취
Ҷ仰ȴɳФ鶸ת䡣
Ҷʹ֪ҪʱǶãһ£»ǰꣿ
ǵĲˣŪʳͲˡФЩ
Ф˵ʲôأʮʯɳڷʱȫＯҲҪʱ䣬οǴⲿչ˾ɹЩ
˾ҲҶʹ¹ش󣬲òҪȻʱҲǳһҲǳǰһ֮˶ˣҪʳʲô
ФĿ䵽ҶϣߣҶʹңǴ˾ֻλɳɵӡ
Ϊʲô鱦񾵵ķɳգ
ҶʹһõĴܱȲѲ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹĪɳŲߣչʾֶʹ
֮ǽ֮Ķǳ֣ʥ鱦񾵵ķɳĿռ
Ҷʹ˵мûè壿
ҿɳҶʹйأҶʹ˴ǰɳĿġ
˵ФоֱȻشƫƧϢȴƫƧܣ˽Ҳìأ
ŪãҶʹǴļϸǵ֣ФĿٴɨһȦһ㣬ڶ뵽ˣֻҪһֱû˵ˡ
ФĿ⣬˾ɹš˰¡ȵ˶û˵ȻĬФ˵
ҲǰЩɳУᣬҲǻ˺üǧϼһһء
뵽һУֻһֱûưˡ
鱦ɳһ£ȷʵйءȻФˣҶҲͺܹĳˡ
ΪʲôФҶ档
ҵ˽£Ϊһǵĺ£ɱҶ죬Ҿͻ쵽ɳ֮У֮˺һСй飬ҶǾԲ˵ȥ
Ǵȥһ֪᲻ʲôԸҶ档
Ϊʲô˵ģФȴǲԸʹ˷ŹҶ档
ÿ˶һЩܣˡ˾ɹٴվҶһߡ
ФЩΣٴ˵ã㲻Ը˵Ҳ㡣ǣΪϴˢļϸɣýһ£һ޺
ФҪһΣǴ˾ɹǹšȵˣˡ
ҶҲף֮Ƶ׷ĺ֢ҲΣ
⣬Ǵ˾ɹֵ֧ԭ
ˣ˵ѾҶץѶˡ
Ͼжһ壬ͻȻѷĺĳԱɣǲŽй֡
ϵһ£ûϵ֮ǰҶҲ޷ȷʵ
Ҷȡ˼СͨѶŲ̣ϵ
ҶϵˣһǸضˮĸɵôִɽ䭡
չƺʳãͨϷҵֶΣȴû⡣
Ϊ̶Ƽɵ£ٺʲ
ĸǱߣҶһʱϵˡ
ҶĸȻִֵС
ӽ쿪ʼлչʳмɵĸ߼չһϢлÿһ·̶˵
ңˮ̶ӣֱɳӸԭĸۿڣںԭĺ˾ڣֱӴӴܾչʳ
Ҷı̶ӹչʳʣΪ̶֮ӣڴܾڹչʳûʲôˡ
ʳǴܵصض񣬵ҪԵǹ쳣ħ˽ס
˵չƲ
Ͼ˽ܷ飬ռݵĵ̣ǺĴ½ֵĵ̣ߣӯҲܶࡣ
֮⣬Ҳܱ߸չʳֺֻҪܳ伢ģչ
һΣҶͨɳĻ֪ʳҪԡ
ʳⶫҶûȱһĵȱʱҪԾͳˡ
ʱŴѵʯҲ򲻵ʳ
ʵǰɳģͷʯ٣ʳȴѡ
ۡ
ڴܣһƷʯԻһʯʳɳߣһƷʯܹһǧʯʳռ˱ˡ
ԣҶĸһڳＯҪʯʳ֮󣬼ռԱʱ֮衣
ɽֱʱ֮󣬲˻Ӧ
֪ҶҪ֮ɽһӦ
ʳӦòɵдʳףһ³Ｏʯû⣬ʯĻҪĸ¡
˴ʳչ۸һȵмϣң鷳
ҪԼ취ҪóĴָСŲ󲻼Ƴɱ䡭

ܿ죬Ҷͬɽ̸¡
ԼҪʱ䣬һº󣬵һʯʳ˹ϣÿ¶ʯչҲҪʱ䣬ʮʯʳֻҪĸ£ͿԷҶ˿϶𰸡
ԣ˾ɹ˵ͷĸ·͹һʯѾԽɳȼü֮ˣҪǻǳ棬˵ʯʯһܹ򵽡
˵˾ɹɫһҶʹΪɳ飬Ƕˡ
ӽҪ˭˵ҶʹǼϸһĻʻɾͱϷ򲻿ʱϷšԴ
˾ɹɱڳɳΪ֮һݡ
ɳФ󣬻ǿˡ
˾⻰֧֣ǣʳ֮ǰҽ飬ɼҶʹĺáФһҶҪܵģ
û⡣
Ҷɫһ뷢𣬵תһ룬ţΣ
Ҷû뷨ʱ䣬Ҷ潫ᱼڸ֣мţ͵ǱھͿˣҲν
ֻҪһºʳˣǵʱЩ˾޻˵ˡ
ʱиҶ棬ǿɾͲˡ
ҶƽĽܣɳФ󷴵Щˡ
ȻʳˣôҶʹǰλֵ̾Ⱥ˳ǲҲԾˣϾҶʹһճ֣ʧһ㣬ܶȼ䣬Щɳ񡣡˾ɹˡ
˵֪λҪĶûУҶ˵
óǱһȣ֪ˣ


1882 ɹ
šФ󡢻˰¡λɳÿóһöָ
˽װҶĴָݸҶʱҶһһ۵ʱФٴοˡ
Ҷʹ
ҶЩܲˬĿФһۣһﴦ£ѾҶܲˬˡ
ô
˭Ķֵߣ˭ĶֵͣɲаФ˵
˼ǣҶ水Ųˬʵ
óǴһһФ֪ڴʲô⡣
ҶȴǷˣֱӽеöָһԵĸ˴˾ɹ˾ǶŰɣô˾ȷȺ˳ɣ
˾ɹȨȻ˸˵ţͷͬʱ򣬴˾ɹѾһĿ˴ָڶ
š˰¡ĿĶڴ˾ɹϣ͵Ŵ˾ɹ
ŹֵǣФƺԾֵȺ̫ż
ţṩƬԼؼϷ򶼿ˣۼֵһĵȣҶʹû飬һӦȥȵ¾֡˾ɹ˵
𰸣һɣȴĪĿһФĿЩ˸
˾ڶ˭ФһȺٴʵ
ڶģǹ˾ɹ˵
𰸣˻ûʲôɳФȴɫһ䣬ǵأ
ģ˾ɹ˵
˲Ϣ䣬Фɫ䣬ôܣ
ʲôܵģϷȫǾʵжϣţԼ˵䣬˾ɹͽöָеĶȫ˳
㿴Ⱥ͹ţóƬͨƬǣóؾȴʮȸߴųɣͻƵи;ؾ
֮£óؼ򣬾ˣֻ߳ɡԣŵһŵڶûκ顣˾ɹ˵
ǺǣϷͻƵĸ;֮Уһίʵ⴫ɳЦеĽһ䣬𰸣⡣
ҶţʵЩʧġ
Ƭȼ֣ӵ͵߷ֱǽӿռƬƬͨСƬͨƬСƬƬ
磬ǳϡ٣ҶĿǰ֪ģֻкĴ½һĺƬȴҲ롣
СͱȽ϶ˣЩڻ֮ǳ̫ʱڵģʵ磬İɽ磬С磬ӵзǳķӡƬҲǳϡȱ
ͨĴ磬ڵĽɳݻӵе編ӡͲôͨСͺöˡ
ҶĿǰӵеħ磬ʵֻӵ編ͨСһ֡
Ҷ֮ǰ½ͱȽϹŹˣͨС磬ͨ磬żСζҶһֱû
Ҷ֮ǰͽͻƵõƬޣͨСƬһȼ
õƬͨƬȻЩźҶѾˡ
ٱͨСƬҪһЩҲзչǰ
Ҷԭ⼸λɳܹóСƬʱҶˡ
Фɫȴڴ˿̱ѿޱȣֱĿ⣬һԵɳȡ
ЩĵͷûҵͨСƬһѾõͨƬ
ȵͣ粻͡
ڳĶǴˣһͣͰФˣڳ˶ףФ˽£϶ʲôФɫøӵѿ
ҶЦеĿһУ飬ԽԽȤˡ
Ф˽ֶΣ治ٰ
˾һҰһֱڵȵЩˡ
ң㡣ͨСƬɶȸߴ˳ɵؼ򡣡˾Це˵ţĿͿʣµФ뻨˰λ
һ򣬻ԡ
ʣµĵĵأҸФ˰ɣһֱûп˰ˡ
ԣ˾ɹȴһָҡҡͷĸ壬ФФ㡣
ⲻһ𣿡ȺЩûӦ
ṩĶ󣬶ФṩĶУƬͨСƬ
ؼ򣬻ֻɣФȸߴɣȻؾȶһɣԣĴФ󡣡
˾ɹУ˰һƺǿһ¡
ФùӦ˰ָФƿڴФ޳СˣǾȻƭҡ
˵õĶͨСƬȵؾҶʹƾռôãƭңһ˵һһ˵ģһ
ðһΣǿǵˡ
û뵽ڿ˵Ϊǿǵ㣬Ȼ⸱
˰ƿڴФɫޱȵѿһпĪ֣ټģǴӲ֤ʵ¡
ҶҲû뵽Ф˽¾ȻôһȴǸ˽ĸ¶ˣ˴
ǣ侲һ㣬
Ҷǿˣ侲ƨб£ѵĴøҡ
˰Фʱ򣬴˾ɹͷֱöָݸҶ档
պඡ˾ɹ⽻һ
ͷ֮ʣҶٴɨһ鼸λɳṩƷ껨˰Фṩؼ֮󣬶ʱЩȻ
ߣ˾Ȿ£ǸҶ˾ɹ̾
˾ɹǣһ˿ĪЦݣ


1883 ֮
˾ɹأ
ҶõλɳṩƬؼʱҶ֪ˡ
ҶõɳФ뻨˰ṩؼȣֻɡ
Ҷ۹˵ؼȣһġ
ǣڴ˾ɹĿУФṩؼȣȴɣȻ˰ĸһɡ
ʱ˻˰Ф֮Ķû˰Ф֮˽ԼФƿڴФʧ
ڲɳһֱΪɡ
һȻԴ˾ɹΪ׵ȨɣҪԱǴ˾ɹšˡ
һɣɳФΪ׵׳ˣԱФ󡢻˰ȡ
ڴ֮ǰɵĳԱԱģȻ׳࣬Ȩ󣬵Ǵ˾ɹȨҲǸǵģ̷ɳˣ˵ҲǼзġ
ԣФΪ׵׳ռţҲһֱûȨ
ǣѾ㹻˾ɹɺܴ鷳ˣһЩϣФⲦһ㣬ܶ໮ȥһ档
Ф˽أ˵ģФĿǰӵеĵ̣׷ϴ˾ɹˡ
Դ˾ɹԣһ¡
ǰʱ䣬Ϊ޴ΪҶ˰˾ɹɴɵǰһ֡
ΪȲʤĴ˾ɹƳʹƻϣû뵽ƻһɳĺ档
һϵĹ£ֱ֧ģФΪ׵׳ɣȨǣҲӵķ
ܸı״Ҷľ֮ڷϣܾ͵׳ΪˣڲФɸ
ǣ˾ɹȴ򣬽׾ٵƻ׳ڲŽᡣ
˵׳УΪȷʵأû֮˽Լ˸߼ۡ
һ㣬пԭ˰Фǿܹ⡣
ôФṩؼȸߴһ£ͳ׵׳ڲìܡ
ФģҲФ󶨵ģɵͷФȻĵֽš
ŵһĻ˰ĲҲûΡ
ФƾʲôȲ
һФ֮еֱ½Ժ뻨˰᲻Фİţ˵
ˣҲûִФİţִˣҲһЩء
һֵĲʹڲ߽׳ɡ
Фܹȣ׳ڲҲǾƻزǰˡ
ǽ˵Ĳ豭ճһ𣬲豭ǲ豭Ѻ뽺ˮճϸңȴԶҲ޷
ò˵˾ɹֶޱȵĸһƤӣûĵһȨ
Ф֮ǰܹӴ˾ɹжȨĺˣɾԲǱˡ
ФֻǱ˰ƿڴˡ
˰ͣûôṩؼȣֻɡ
ʱ򣬻˰ôĽ͡
˼֮ȴ˻˰ҵָ˲ϢФһ¡
óȥؼȣֻɣ֯ߣ׼ģô
װָ֮ǰȷϹһΣִôܷ
ƫƫӴ˾ɹﱨ֣ͳɡ
˲Ϣ䣬Фˡ
й
϶Ǵ˾ɹ⵱иˣĿҲǷǳȷ
ӦФʱͺ޵ֱһϺͬʱĿͿҶ档
вȵİ취
ФṩؼȣֻɣֻҪóһһȽϣܹϴˢû˰⣬ͬʱ¸׳ڲĲȶ
ңһָ֤󣬴˾ɹûǫ̂ˡ
սΣԴ˾ɹֽһʱ׳ɵĻȨ͸ǿˡ
һεľ䣬͸пˡ
ֻô࣬˭õ㣬µ߲˭٣µ񣬿ܾͻĶһ㡣
ֻҪ£һ׳ɵܹˡ
ڵҪģҶոõֵؼȫó¶Աȣڲᡣ
ǣФԼ˾ɹϺˡ
ôΪϺɹô벻һ㡣
ФĿոտҶʱ򣬴˾ɹ괫ҶԺҶʹӦ뿪ˡ
˾ɹ˼Ҷᡣ
Ф󿪿֮ǰҶ˵ȻֵȺѾˣһȥ׼һ£ϣͻֱǰ¾֡
˵꣬Ҷֱʩչӣ˲ϢԶȥ
Ҷʹȱ𡭡
ѾûӰҶ棬ФͣһƣؿھţǻѪζ
ƿԵá
һԵĴ˾ɹЦеġ


1884 ˾
ʱռڣһҶͳڿ޵Ŀǰ
һգʱռھʮ죬Ҷ潫Ŀսʱռ䣬Ѿ˰ʱˡ
꣬ʱռڣʱ䡣
ڿ޵߶ԣ겻㳤һֱŬͻƵĿԣȴ
õ˱ĿҪܶ౶֮ͻƻûһͷӶһ߳ˡ
ˡڿ޵Ŀ͵۾
ͻûͷҶʵ
ĿӵȻҡҡͷ
֮ǰڴ̫ˣԽʧԽ
ûͷҪͻƣҪܳһʱĻۡĿǿɬ
ؼɣҶؿڡ
Ȼȴ٣Щһ㶼ֻ״ӻ߶Ůﱲġڵؼѹûгֹ򵽶򲻵
˵һ룬ĿͻȻһֲޱȵĿ⿴Ҷ棬ģλϣ϶޵ķʸ
ˣѵŪؼ;ĿĿ
һһҪͻƵ߶ԣջ̫ˡ
Ū;Ҷ滺ҡҡͷǡѾˣ
˵ǰĿʧ䣬Ŀû
һֻɵĵǿߵؼӦû
ҶֵǿĿ촽ˣˣ⡭ǡҵģ
ΪһΪܶϰİ벽Ŀ̫ؼļֵ
ֱ޼֮ǣȴûκһǿԸԼؼ
ؼⶫ൱ǽԼͻʱһи飬ȫķʽָߡ
Ƿǳ˽Ķпй¶Ĺͨⷨš
ֱһ˵Ը⽫Լžžžʱž߳˵ַӦ͸оñȫ
ԣؼļֵٸߣҲûһǿԸۡ
ҲΪԭҶڲʹݣõؼȶߣһͻƵǿߵ߶ԣֻɣҲ޼֮
ĿӹȥģָежĶе״ˡ
߳ɣ߳ɵİͻƵ
ˣģͻƵҲһȫķԸָĴġ
һΣĿģҶ꣬ƺҲ
һλǣܰŪޱȵԴϣҲǲġ
Ŭɣ
δҶԭʧˡ
һΣҶõݵؼĿõһݣҶԼٵһݣʦηɰ׵һݣʥˣ˵Ҳãǵʡŵá
ϾǿͻƵһݾ
ת˻ƽйľңҶó˸ոյֵƬǷҶȵͨСƬͨƬ
ͨƬȻҶջʱЩʧͻĿǰΪȴ㹻ˡ
ϾϾųϵͻƵʱõǶǽӿռ߽ƬܹͨСƬͻƵߣࡣ
ͨƬͻƵߣ͸ˡ
õƬȼͬͻƵʱҲͲͬ
ߴͻƵǽƬ̺ķ֮ȹǿ鵽ʵת䡣
ӵ޵չԡ
ĿǰҶ츳ѪΪǽһΪﵽ£޷һ˿һ츳ޡ
ں̺һ˿Դ֮Ƭ֮ȴԼƬΪУԼΪ
ͬʱںϵƬҲ޵ĳɳԣƬΪΪ磬ͶԴͻõһԳһĿռ䡣
ƷףͿƬĵȼͶԴˡ
֮⣬ƬĵȼͬںҪʱǲͬġ
ֱӽƬǲɵģȽƬںԼĶ
Ƭ߿ǲŷ֮Ȼֻںǲ򣬵Ҫʱ䣬ҲǺܳġ
ȼ͵ĽӿռƬںģСһ£ꡣ
ϵĽƬ¶һҲеġ
󲿷ߴͻƵʱ޷Ҷ̬ѾԪ鲻˵ɳࡣ
ںϽƬͨҪĸ£ҶͲˡ
ҶѡͻõͨƬһ۷ߣˮĥںǶǿˡ
ҶķԪʱͿԳںͨƬ
֮ҶͿͻĿǰƿ۷ͻƵ
ҶڵѡǣͨƬһ飿
Ҷ뽣ͨ״ֽ̬Ԫ߶ļ¡ϸϸĸӦ˴ҹĹղȷˣŹṩͨƬƷʣʵҪṩͨƬƷʣǿôһҡ
ȻȻҶ׼ùṩͨƬͻˡ
ҹҶ²ںһͨƬ
ɫʱеܹܻѾ׼ʱĽҶ档
ˣʱˣҪˡϵʱ򣬴˾Ǳ߾ʹ˻ϳ֮ǰȥһˡ˵
ҶЩ֣ʱ򣬴˾ɹʲô¡
Թй׼֮Ҷ͵ִٴμ˴˾ɹ
˾ң
ţҸ׼˵㶫ϷţӦûϲɹ˵


1885 ˲
ǡ
ڴ˾ɹݹĴָɨһۣҶ̧ͷóԾĿ⿴˴˾ɹ
СƬؼ򣿡
ؼȲ˵һСƬ㹻ҶԾˡ
ƬǴӸһ飬ƬˣָͨԪ˵Ƭ
Ĵ½磬磬ԪˣҪŪָ״һ飬СĴ½Ҫ췭ظˡ
ȻƬҲûС
̫ʱڴս͵˼飬ܻµƬ
Ƭȴǿ
ͬģСƬҲǿС磬磬ҪǴִСԪŪһɵѣһ֮֡
ԣСƬҲǴ̫Ϲʱġ
̫ʱڵ磬٣ֻС磬ǧϹʱڣҲϰٸС类١
ԣСƬǲٵģǣһһıǿ
Ҫ֪һСƬʹҶպֻҪ㹻ԴͿԼڵΪһС硣
С磬ǿܹ鱦С硣
̶ȣ֪
˵СƬҲҶĿǰпõĵȼߵƬˡ
Ϸ֪ѰƬΪͻơΪ׼һСƬгһգݻһС磬Ǿˡ˾ɹ˵
ȷʵҪģҲˣʹ£л˾ҶȻĹ˹֡
ǷؼأϷͻƵ֮һЩ;飬ߴųɣϣԺ֮·˳һЩ˾ɹٴ˵
ȻͲµؼ϶ʮа˾ųԴ˾ɹҶȻû뵽˾ɹṩؼȣȻߴųϡ
Ҷ಻ѡ
˾ɹܹնɱĿֲڵؼ˵Ϊ
һ˵ȷѪ꣬´Ľǿߺ͵ǿߣᱻȻΪɱѪɺӡ
ⶫʵʵľȷеָ壬ЩؼҪ
£˾ɹĴڣѹǲؼģΪ̫ĸܣ˵ȸߴųɵؼ
񣬴˾ɹͽһ߷͸Ҷ档
Ҷм֮࣬ɵĲһ˿ɻ
֮ǰҶжϣ˾ɹ֧ĸԭʵԸ
ҶõԸԽ࣬ɹõҲԽࡣ
ѾˣɹҶ̬ȣɺõĲˡ
СƬ˵˾ɹĴڣؼ򣬱˵״ӣ׶ӣҲÿǼ֡
ȴ͸Ҷˡ
Ҷ治ɵû֮ǰжϣǲǴˣ
ֻΪԸ˾ɹûҪҶ˵ĺá
ΪԸô˾ɹΪʲôأ
ҶЩ벻ˡ
ˣֻҪܰﵽ㣬ϷͺˣȥɣȺͬˣѾߵˡ˾ɹ˵
ͬһˣ
էһҶ滹ûӦʱǰɳФһš
Ҷʳ֮ǰҪɼҶ棬ΪʵϾǼӣҶඡ
ԴˣҶνģ͵Ƕ༸Ļˡ
⣬ɳڽޱȵĵȴţ⼸Ĺµֲ䣬ЩȫĲ䣬ˮȪĳˮѾʼȵļ١
ĳˮѾһϣֱвɳ˵ˮ
ɳ֮Уûָܹ߰죬ûˮĻ춼ֲȥ
ԣļȥ˶ãµĲ䣬Ҫȵˡ
һɳ˴´ߡֻŵȵȣǾֻһƾ˵ѡ
ҶæӭȥȻϳӸҶ
ҶʹΪİȫ;˾λɳصλ㡣
һ·ϣֻҪָ·Ͱȫ飬ͽǾͺáҸһ¡
һӳĸһĵڵܵ£ϸȴΪϸܣƱˡ
¼Ҷʹ
Ҷ˵ͷۻ룬ȥᡣʵ˵ĺˡ
Ʊˣ˵Ҷµıߣûκοܵġ
ˣλФФµİ֮һһԵĻܹܻĲһ䡣
ѸҶ棬ҶܹܣȻȻľʹҶʹӡȻȻҪΪҶ濼ˡ
ҶٴεͷȵԳһ˿ΣФ⣬Ҳˡ
˼ҶʹæҪ˼ңԸҲЩص
æһλһӣȴܵλ÷Уٶȼ졣
ЩӣػҶʹߣҶʹ·飬ͺá
λҲФФµĵɽ֮һĲһ䡣
Ҷνĵ˵ͷȸӵĲ˼
Ф⽻ģҲǷҶʹ¡Ƚһ䡣
Ҫһǣڲ׳ɵͷФ󣬻治һĽɫ
ܹ˾ɹϺ궷Фˮ׼ҲϺ١
Ȼ˾ɹǸһָ׳ڲҡ
֮ФչԼֶΡ
Ϊ֤ԼףֱӾõĵĴ뻨˰ĵ򽻻µϱ˴˾ɹ
ѹ׳ڲìܣͬʱһʯʳϣФ󽫷ֵµ̵ʳȫָ˻˰ȡ
ݳ⣬׳ȶȡ˻˰˵Ρ
ȻФ󽫴˾ɹǸֶΣ渵ìܣ˼廰Ȩ
˽ӲͷƤҶλҶ龰
Ȼ֮ǰ˵Ĳ豭ճˣѷңҲ޷ġ
ȴʱܲ˼ĸҶҲǳΣִֻʵԭ
ҲŴǰһŵ׳ɣѾһȥ
֪ǻɡҶ˵
ã
໤
ɨһޱȵóһ˫ζһ⣬ԼıһۣҶЩŹ
磬ôôЩϵ
һĴͳһС
ʹ˵ԱǸҵٶȣ˴Ľ磬ǿԽȥҴһ̡˵
ѵ˻ɻ֮ǰ£һͷڵĽ硣
֣ѡ̹һҲ½ڵĽ硣
һɲǣڿնһдͻأĴʱеĿˮһ㷺
ʱˮеһ㡣
Ҷʹ룡
ȵʾ£ҶڿնǸһĶ֮С
ˣ
ͺһҶ棬ͷ·һԶ
ҶӵĲˡ
죡
ٶȣ̫ˡ
ѾﵽСèĿǰһʱʮļٶȵϣһʱٶȳʮңҶԱ֤Ŀǰûʹȫ
˵ļٶܹ׷ϻ߳Сèء
ĿǰΪѾߴ۷壬СèΪӦÿɳԽ
ʹյڵĽ粻̫ʣԡЦŽһ䡣
Ҷȴڸ̾ڣȽףݵĲ𣬻Ǵ
ٶȷʵ죬ʱ͵ִƽһ䡣
ˡ
й⻪һս¡̹ѵһ˵ȱ˳
λңңĻҶ࣬˼ײ
Ҷʹ롣æҶִΪʯľۼģҶʹ
Ҷ˷ɨһۣſյûһӰĻʯ䣬ȴòʵʯأ
ȵ飬ٴαĪ


1886 ֢
ʯأſյһӰĻʯ䣬ҶһĲ졣
֮ɫһҶʹģֲֶʱЩɳӰֵٶȣŵ㣬İɢˣ㰲ľ֡
ܴţҰľ֣
Ǻǣ̫˵ˡҶϣŵļ֮⡣
´ŵҶ棬Ҷչ񼣵ֶαɳ˿ִ֮£Ҷ˿չ񼣣ԻĴ˱ɿߡ
ǵɳ˱ҶʹҳͽʧȥĿǵ䱻Ҷƿء
ϵ֮ɫȴǸŨˣֻޱεЦӦš
ҲµûӦФФİŰɣҶ˵
ȵϣ֮ɫһ˿ΣҶʹ⣬ߣҲǷ¡
ģҲΪֱǡھ֮ǰҸѡҶ˵
Ҷʹ뽲Ҷ治ָƽϣһ
£ҪǽҶֵ˾ɹǰֻ߶ʩչ֣ģȵ
ҲȲԸ⿴Ѿ˸׼׼ҪҶһ£ٳѪõ㱦һҶ档
ôҲû뵽Ҷ澹ȻûƵġ
Ը֪ȱȱҶʵ
ȱ
ȻȱȱԸⶫû˲ȱ˭ǳȱûиʱ򡭡
˵һ룬ȴסˣЩΪĿҶ档
Ҷ˼ѾЩˡ
Ҷ浱ɳ˵棬ȻȻܹջԸȱȱƻҪ˵ҪǵԶĻʯɳˣ
ǣһΣٴβ´Ҷ뷨
ʩչֳ֮󣬵뿪ɳ˻ӦܹһЩԸɣҶʵ
ӦÿԡȵΪˣȾģҶҪߣ
ȻΪûͻƵ컯޷Ը͸ˣҲûط
ǡþΪӵط
ôԸ¼
Ҷô˵ȸӵΪˣѾȷҶ϶ºҪһԸҪȻҪ¼Ըʲô
ƫƫҶǰ޷ӲܿҶҪֻܼεĺһ
ÿһλǿ߻컯˶ԣԸǵͷûʲô
Ǽε£˭ҲԸ⡣
⣬Ķ㲻ǾͺŪһҶ档
˶Ըֻһ˵ʵ֣˭Ҳ޷֪
ʱǽ˵һ룬ҶҲֻˡ
ȵĶ
һɲǣ׼ӣҶָɳصɲǣǷһ鼼ѿ
龰ɫĳһ㣬ڵ䶯
ҶٶȺܿ죬һӣЩͿ˻Ƕ䡣
ʵǷǳɵģҶԣȽϷѾģǿЩĸ֯ºӵ
ҲСİæƣҶֻҪȻһ㣬ܹҶˡ
һһңңҶЩ졣
Ѿ׼Ӱ򣬰ФķԸҶ濴ûɳ˶ԸȡֵʱֻܰЩ龰Ӱ򱣴֤ݡ
Ѿ׼׼ӰӰ׼ԿǵФǲյҶʹʵ
ǣǵĵȴУȴʲôûз
յҶʹûô跢ӣ˵Ϳʼ֡
˵ʵһֶΣ˵һ£ۼһ¡
ۿڶ̶̰ʢѾǵǿߣҲޱȡ
ҶʹһƿҺԼʮΣӦ㹻һʱˡ
Ծһ棬׼ĺܳ֡
ͬһʱ̣ѾݺһɳҶ˹ˣȺȼԪ
ҶЦЦ⻹ǰˡ
˼ڲ裬Ҷͳ˵ߣȥһ䡣
ûϢٴҶ
һ֮ǰĻʯɳˣõϢ֮һֿ񱼵̬ת˲䡣
ԭûκĲۼأ˿Ѿ֮
һɳˣʱ͹ڵأʹһߺɳ
ûãЩɳˣͳǻʯĵ
ĹеϣĤеɳ񡢴˾ɹɳ
ͬʱոոҶϵһȣһһĨϲɢ
ĵڵԸڵԸȻɿ
Ф⣬Ӣ
Ȱ̾ʱȴЩʱһٵĿֵԸҲҪһֳȥ
ʵģȴҶֵĵڶ䣬ɿһˡ
ڵɳˣͽӵȵ˲䡣
ҶҲ˵ֻճʩչСʩչľͨ
֮Ҷȴ˵һСС뷨ϣܹⲢһ¡
ʲô뷨һľۣģҶ϶Ҫˡ


1887 ²
һ뷨Ҫ֤һ£Ҫ֤Ҫһ£ҪȻûʵ֡ҶûһڵʵĿġ
˵ôϣֻҪΥģҶϡ
ȺܽƻҶʲôҪȴ
Υһ˾ɹôɳФҲ
Ƚǰһ䣬ϣܹǸѾԶ벢ɳˣȫصǵĲۼأҵʩչ
ⲻܣ
ҶĻأȵͶ˰˶ȣᶨĸ˷
Ѿͷһ乱׸ԸȥһյԸҪ࣬ôܷһ档
ԶһӰٴ׼Ҳڴ
͹յҶʹӦҪ¶ʵĿ˰ɣ
ޱȼᶨľܾҶ沢ûз𣬷һ̸Ȼ
Ӿֵڣһֱϰɣľͽɳ˳ߣҲû˵ʲôɣҶ˵
ȷʵˡӦţѾ⣬һҶ෭ҲԲܴӦҶ档
һɳ˿ʩչֻ֤һ²⣬ң²⻹źܴĹϵҶ˵
йϵЩ㲻ˡ
ǵģ²⣬յôõմ𰸡ң뷨ҽ˿µĵ̰ɡ
ģҪЮ㣬ڴӵһֿʼǰҾͻΪ㣬
˵ҵʱҪóķ֮һͳȨ֣Լ룬ѡЭǸַҶʵ

ȳţûлشҶ棬ȴǳҶҪķ֮һĵͳȨΪҪգǻѡЭġ
ķ֮һ䣬ķ֮Ĳ䣬ͻȫ֮µĵڵĲĿľųɣȫ
ѡ⣬˭ȷĴ𰸡
Ϊһ˼ǧϼһȻڴ˾ɹУ۵úܣ뾭ͽ̻ѧʡѧЭ
ڣֻһ֤һҵĲ²ѣʧʧģҲֻһСͲĿȨѡ
ΪһСͲĿȨҷɣ˵ҶĻУѾһ˿⡣
ҲζҾܾҶ뷨Ҷ»ĸ˺
ӱϽ˵һ䣬óһ䣬ƽϢҶĲҶȫȫľ֣ҲԸġ
ֻһҪФҲ̫ýԥһ£ȴӦҶҪ
ҶŤͷһ۳߸ߵҲףǴʳģңϧһд۸µĲػģҲңԸˣҲҡ
ΪʲôһҪФĻΪң
治ôģ
ԣȵȴǸӵΡ
ˣҾǷɧúɡһһ䣬ڣ·ҸϹȥ֮ǰǸɳ˻ص䡣Ҷ˵
ã
ʹķһѶҶڵʣȴûȥ
ԶҶҶ⼸仰Щ졣
ƺҶʹ˵
Ҷʹӿʼڣһֱھ񣬷ФΪ׵һһֱʩӡ
һˣ˶һۣ󶼺ҡҡͷ뷨˦⡣
Ŀǰ̬϶Ҷװġʱ䳤ˣҶơȨ϶ᱩ¶
ܳΪ˶ޱȼᶨɳͽϾС󣬶ԡɳĹԳģ֮·Ҳˡ
һ֮ٴδҶһΪȪĲ䣬ҶִʱɳˣһŴȻǸոմԶת˲ۼء
ţ˶ˣҶʹʩɡǻˣһСͲ䣬͵͸Ҷ棬Ҳʲô
˵ҵ²⣬йأԣҪһ¡Ҷ˵
ôϣˬʵͳһѡ
ܼ򵥣仰Ҷ˵
仰
¶Ȼޱȵ飬ôҲû뵽ҶҪϣȻġ
û⡣ٴˬĴӦԽݣûʲôҪ󣿡
ݺܼ򵥣ǽһң˵Ѵңϣԡٹ£عĻҶ潻
ƲƲ죬Ҷ⻰˼ʵҪɳ˳ΪҶʹĿͽȻӵĿȨѡ
ѾˣҲνˣʹľʹӦˡ
ȵı飬ҶҲˣȴûн͡
Ľ֮ǾõĽ͡
Ȫ֪һֱ壬һֱڿ־壬Դ쫷ɳһֱڵģǲѾǣǲǲٱӻˣ
ңɳȣΪļ֮ˣԸǣǣ
ΰɳ񣬲ûǣ񻹱ӻǡ
ΪˣɳĹԻʹҶ棬Ȫ񼣡
ԡٹ£عĻͷ͵ȻȻҪˣԣⷬ˵ĺƯ
Ϊһݺɳǧ˵Ǻˮƽġ
ʱȪɳˣʱ͹һأз׷׺ʹɳȵϵš
Ҷ滹ȵУԸȣǳС
ȻֿŵûõģҪµģЩɳ˹Ը
ʹҶ壬Ȫʮ֮Ӵˣǽҵıӻ
һҶ׼ȷޱȵĴڳÿһɳ˶ڵɲǣʮӣʹƮȥ
ɫѿ鿪ɲǣԭϵɳˣоӿ顣
ЩΪþУͻȻoһǿҵ
Ĺ򣬷ѿ鼼Щþϲ֣󣬼ѹֲסĺҶߣ˳ɳȵ
֮󣬵һ׸ߣǶ䳹׵ĴʱȪɳˣѾ׵ˡ
дЦģд޵ģĲ˼ģз裬ӵġ
ˣûһ£еееϣʹҶ桢ɳȵ
һĻԶۿҲǿۡ
Żѡ̹һңңĳҶȥʱҲȵ£ŴҶȥ
һĻɳޱȡ
һοҶʹչ֮Ŀֲ仯
ģɳФľȷġ
Ҷǵĵʩչһ񼣣ǵĵϲǴˣǣӽҲˣǵˡ
Ҷʹ˰ɣǸ²ûУʵ
ǹ˶£ҸղŻ˵ˣ²йأܵóҶ˵
óôŪȲ⡣
ĹѵûעһԼĵڵԸ𣿡Ҷؿ˵
һɲǣȵ۾͵ص˸ԲҶĿ⣬͸˹һ
˹һĿ⣬ȴǿϲ


1888 

ԸѾ֮ǰԸ֮͵

ɳ˹׵Ը
޴ȣ챻޴ľϲҵιȥˣޱȵļ١
Ҷû˵ֻɨһۿϲȹĿ·ʮϲɳˡ
Ҷʲô״£ЩѾΪͽɳˣ׳Ը
񣬴УҲֻʱģϾɳ˺Ҫһһӻ
һĵУһ۵Ҷ··һ㣬Ĵ䵽˵ϡ
һʱ䣬ȪͷϥеҶǰΰʹ˰΢ͽ⡣㣬ȪӵԨȳĽŲԶ׷ķ򡣡
·Լİˣַ·Ʒϡʳһ㣬ȪͷޱϵҶĽ档
һɲǣҶͱɳûˡ
ϣЩɳ˵ĿˮӦϵӡ
УһĻɳ־ϲ
ıˣĹȪĻõԸͳ֮ǰõԸ֮͵ıˣң
Ѿ൱ȥʮõԸˡ
ЩףһԸô˿񱩣
һ֮Ҷ滺ſֱۣ鰴һ£Ȫʮˣͱðޱȡ
ҳϵͽǾԲǵģ
ҪչԾȣά򣬾ѰʳǲõģʹѾＯ˴ʳպ󽫻ַǣǶɹѵʱڡ
ˣдȥȣҪ뿪ˡ
û֣ȪɳˣȫĹҶ뿪ķֱҶʧǵкܾ֮
е𾪣Ѿ޷ˡ
屶
ڷŵ߷Ȫ乱׸Ը֮ǰ乱׸Ը֮ʮңᣬڳš
֮ȪĹ׸ԸѾȥʮõԸܺˡ
ȥʮ꣬ȻõԸܺͣǻƶСһζѡ
ڣʱ͵ˡ
Ȫһ乱׵Ը֮ǰһ乱׵Ըʮ
ôԭҲס
ǰ䣬ɳ֧ˣ䣬ҶҪ£ȪۿҶչʾ񼣵ġ
ڴ֮ǰҲ⣬û뵽ྐྵȻ֮
Žһ䡣
ǽĲ䣬ȫɣЩɳȫҶʹչʾ񼣣ȽջԸ
һ֣ȶһֻսĸо
ϾĿʵ̫ˡ
£ǧİٸ䣬ҪֵĲ䣬ǧһٸ
ÿһ䶼ȪܸȹӦ൱ڹȥʮԸܺͣĿ
ʮ꣡
൱ǰռԸٶ£ʮ갡
ȲŻ˼ǧ꣬Ǵ˾ɹҲŻѡ
ݣȫǰ˿ʮĲģģ£ҲŲٴͲġ
˲Ϣ䣬ȾҶͼ
ҶνǸ²⣬ʵͬ£õԸѡ
ڣҶѾ֪ˡ
ǣҶȴǲ˵ˣֻǱĿϵĶУ񣬻ָŵġ
żģɳȡ
ԭΪó֮Ҷһ˵ʲô˳Ƶ˵ĲɳҲع鲿䣬ۿҶչ񼣡
Ҷ˵һӦ
Ϊڷŵ£Ҷǻ˶ȪĿȨʵϣɳȵȨҲǿˡ
еȨ䡣
ڴ֮ǰȶȪ֧ǰٷ֮١
ڣȪ֧УȴһҶ档
Ҷֵ£Ҷ԰ٷ֮ٵ֧Ȫ䣬Ҷ治ڣɱжȪ֧
Ⱦģ֮ǰʧȥ¸ĿҪõĶࡣ
ңʱͷѾԼԼһ뷨ֻڻ֮ڿڣҲ޷ȷ
ôɳȿɲǰġ
Ҫǣⶼ쵽һˣҶǲڡ
ЩɳУԸޱȵ
ʮԸȡֻȡȪʮ֮һԸһ㣬Ⱦ޷̡
ãȸɴ˸նֱ࣬ӷһѶһڵļ˾ɳˣ̵ʱڻתۼء
һ֮󣬸ոոϵһʩȲҶǣһ˿ȣλǲ
֮ǰѾӦˣֻһ䣡ɲԶŰ죬ɳ˳룬Ҳȱһ¡Ҷ
𰡡
ȵ˳εסҶ棬׼ˡ
ףҶȻǸ飬϶֪һб仯֮һֱûڣǵȿڡ
ƫƫ˺Ըûκεֿ
ͻȻ䣬ȾЩɳФˡ
ûɳФ£Ҷ棬Ҳڵѿ
ʧ֮ǰĴԸǿεԸ
һΣȾģФ²ףĿҲǳˡ
Ҷ濴ζε飬ȴһЦĳ嶯
ȵҶ뵽ˡ
ҲҶʱоԸķ䷽Ľ
ǰҶоԸķ䷽ǳĸӣҲȫ޼Ѱ
ȵôͽĤݷʽ˵
һ־ȥĤݹ
£һڹ񣬸ݵλֵͬͬԸ
µĲڹ񣬷ֱɳģ˾ɹģɳ˵
£ΪһɳõһԸȻǴ˾ɹ֮ɳ١
Ҳ֮ǰһܵõСһԸʵϣΪɳʱʱչ񼣣¶ֶΣάȨջԸ
ַģʽ֮Уȵõٵģһɶ
֮ǰ䣬Ҷչʾ񼣵ʹѹûеõʲôԸԭ
Ϊ󲿷ɳˣΪ񼣣µģû֪Ҷġ
ȥϵĤ֮󣬵õԸģȻǹ֮е
֮ǰڷֳɺٵ£һξ͵õ˹ȥһԸ
ҪЩɳ֮󣬾ˡ
ڶԾ֮µõİмױȵġ
ֻܾѵͽܳΪߣܹ׳Ը
£ˣǹ׵ԸȻһֲı
ǰԸķôͷɹСͷٵһɣҶûС
ǣȪչʾʱķʽһԸķҲͲһˡ


1889 ᲻뿪㹳
ҶȪչʾ֮󣬻õԸķ䷽ʽʵҶɳðʹʱԸķ䷽ʽǲģҲҶ淢ֵĵڶַ䷽ʽ
ڶԸķ䷽ʽʵܼ򵥣ǽߣõһԸ
ʱҶõȴɳ壬ԣԸ֮Уɳһݣ˾ɹΪĿǰƿߣҲԷֵһԸࡣ
ҲǴ˾ɹܹҶðʹ֮ͷҶԭΪжٵԸջ
ַ䷽ʽ֮УҶ࣬ҶƣõԸԼ嵽֮߳䣬ɳֵԸԼɵĳ֮䣬˾ɹֵԸһɵ֮䡣
Ȫ併ʱҶɳȽһҶҲ˵⡣
ΪǿҶͬʱҲɳȲһν񼣵жС
ȻȻģҲͻ˷Ըʸ
ҪǣΪͳɳȱŷһԸʸ
ֻµģȷһԸıٵǸ£һɶ
Ҷ潫˲ͳ˽񼣵֮һȷֵԸıʹ˴ȵߡ
ҶҪ֤ʵһ㡣
Ҷ֤ܳɹ
Ҷ²⣬ڶַģʽ£Խ񼣵Ҷֻܷ䵽ҵԸԭٵһԾϣܷ䵽ҵԸ
ɳȻҲֵһԸҶ²Ȳ࣬ҲңҲһ㣬ɰ롣
˾ɹΪͳߣȻҲУͺܵˣ˵һɡ
ֻҶһ²⣬׼ȷȴҲˣ벻̫
ΪõԸһΣƶСһΣҶջȴԹһ㡣
һǣۿĶԶֻ²ԲĻ˵ĶҪ𺳵Ķࡣ
˵ĳĳĳԴˣҲһѣһ£ۿһ˵Դ𺳳̶ȣʮֹ
Ҳˡ
ҲΪԭۿҶ潵񼣵Ȫɳˣǹ׵ԸҲ֮ǰ乱׵Ը֮ࡣ
ǵһ䣬ȿֵֻһԸõԸֻСС
ǵһ׵ԸҲǻƶСһζѡ
ȪۿҶ潵֮һΪ˿ߣǹ׵ԸܸߴΡ
ЩǷ䷽ʽĲͬ
ɳ˲Ҷչʾ񼣺ͿҶչʾַʽ֮µľ޴ˡ
Ϊ˸ԸǧɳȣȻҲһ㡣
ҲȴʱҶԭ
̣˿ڣΪʲô
ĿģΪ˻õĸԸĶʵĸ
ڶʱڻ֮ǰʮܻԸĻˣѡѾˡ
˵˾һ䣬ҿɲ˿ʵɳ˳ߣҺʩ
ȵҶȴһ㶼ˡ
ѾϹˣһöԼ᲻뿪㹳
ҶɵľԸƾյ͸ôһ޷Ĵǲɵ
Ҷ֮ǰã˵ףΪһ̡
Ҷĺôɲǰõġ
Ҷ̬˼ڿɳˣٴγ̾һФǸһԼʯͷԼĽš
ͬʱҲҶ˼
йĶô꣬ģȻеġ
Ҷʹɳ˸ոƴĸϻ㿴ö˶̱ˣΪ⣬ӦøһʱϢ
ҶʹӦҲԳյϢϢ
˵ϾͶһײߣɳַһҶʹûгɣҪһԣ
Զ¡̹ѣһĻˡ
ɳ裿
֮Уֻд˾ɹɳФˡ
ȾȻҪҶʹȣ
ҪǣǼǵòĻһ֮ǰҶʹոպȹһܹܻݺõɳɣ
֮
ҶɳҪҸĵطҪҶúõ̸һ̸ԣӦĺʹ졣
ɳڴĮɳ֮ɳı£˾ɹҪöࡣ
ڶʱһȥɳҲصƷ⡣
£ǵҲκȥ
Ȼһɳ衣
֮ԵһݵҶǰҶʹ֮ǰĿ⣬˲ԣҶʹĺ⡣
ҶʹֻҪ֮ÿһ䣬Ȫʱ㽵ʱҽ仰
ӽҾȫģҾᶨ֧ߡ
ʹޱȵĻ˵Ҷǹһ˿ŵЦݡ
ΪҶȷûһλǿܹܾջ
µǧһٸ䣬ҶĿǰٶȣҶȫһ飬ҲֻҪĸµʱ䡣
ĸµʱ䣬ܹùȥҪʮʱܻµԸûֵܹջ
Ҷףѡվˡ
ѡФΪ׵׳뿪Ͷʹµʹ֮С
Ҷԣվӣ
ã֮⣬ӽµ̵棬ùңΪر˶ڵչʾ񼣣ĵ̵ĹҾ棡ҶָͷҲԼ
ûκοǣȾ͵ͷӦҶ
µ̵ͳκ͹˵ҶάͳȨǵıҶܿյξͲܷ
ɵ
˵ɣϵ߳ɰ˳Ǿųɵ棬ڼµʱڻȡʮܻµԸҲԸ⣡


1890 µѡ
ԸĸԺڣɳФ۾ĶǰСͨѶŲȭͷ߬һ۾Щ졣
һԵĹܼҿһĻͷĸˡ
Լүʧ̬ôǵһΡ
ʧ̬ԴͷأΪһ鱨
ФɹȥҶǷãϢһʱ佫ɳȵı仯֪ɳФ
ԣ˷ǳҶʹҶʹƴӣФˡ
ÿһɳˣȺڲڣĿҶʹ񼣣ȲûФ
ңĿǰѾǵʮһˣǰФ֮⣬Ĳ䣬ȫûӣҾƺûФ˼
ϢɳФ󻵣һɳΪʲôС
ǣһ򷢳ȥ֮ȴţ뺣һ㣬ûκλӦ
Ф鳹׵İܻͬʱҲᵽһ˿õζǣФٴηһǸ
ǣûлӦ
ᣬѾФ󷢳ĵˣФҪȸһͣУżв֮⡣
ʵϣʱФѾʶʲôôɳȣпѾˡ
ûФǱѡ
κˣڱѶǷǳФҲ⡣
һ򷢳֮ƺܵФŭ˻Ӧ
ǸҲȲѡûнֻͣش⼸֡
Ҷôвģ˵Ұ취ȵĻشФ󻹱ôһǱв˲űѵġ
ǣȵĻشȴФ
ǸԸģ
⼸֣Фžҵȵǰشȥìܣʵϣȴȱˣ׵ı
ڻͷüŭ֮£Фַһ
ϧǣûκõġ
ȲɵҶʵʵڵĸͷ޷ܾĺô
Ҷ͸ĺôǸФһ꣬Ҳܹõ֡
ҪǣѾ״Ҷˡ
ڼʶҶһһݵۼʶҶΧɽ񼣵ı£ٿҶõĴѴѵĺôͻȻһ󵨵Ĳ²⡣
Ҷʹ᲻ɳĻأ
ֻߣǵڶɳ
²Уһֵעһѡ
㽫ɲҪڣ
õ޹֮£ڸȷһ֮󣬱ŭޱȵɳФ󣬾һȭǰСͨѶŲĳ˷飬˲ɭޱȡ
ĹѾθһѵңڲ֮
ɳФΪԼһ˻˰뿪֮ǰФȴ˼
⼸ȫԡҶߵġ
ݸͼ仰
ȫ䱸һҶͼܣɱۣǵһԤ
Ȼ˳ɳȣϧһдõҶȵĽĻ
پǣҶȵһһҶľٶһ˼ٷҪ¼㱨
Щ⣬ٴȷһ¡
ФԴ˵ĽǣҶɳпܰػģԣһһ
ֽ£Ҳֻܽÿ찴ʱĻ㱨ҶٺΪ
һʮ䣬ʩչʮߴȽ̸Σ;óСͨѶŲεȵȡ
ִͺЩŤ
Ϊ˽˵ɳФЩˣǻ˻ǲ۲۵ִˡ
ԽִУԽζ
Ǵɳ˳ڳΪʿ֮ǰǵҲǷǳ࣬һģԣǺɳ˵Ŀѡ
Ҷ潵񼣣ͬǴˡ
ǵУҶȫȫľɳˣǵͬԣȴڼҶ棬ʱʱ̿ھҶܣɱ׼
ڼӼ¼һһС
컹УԽͷĸоԽǿҡ
ҶʩչǷǳģĻԿҺ䣬ģȻɳв棬ȴǱˮн
ڳʩչʮ֮ҶɫͱñֽҪףЩˡ
͸֧ס
ǣҶûֹͣ˼
ÿһʩչһȻıϢһӣٵִһת
Ȼ˵һֱϢÿһӵϢѹ޷ָ
һĻҶһӦԱ
ֱ֮ҶʵڳŲȥˣź˯ʱ
ʱ֮Ҷּʩչ
ҶǼΪ鱨ѾȫˮĲ䣬ǸȻѾʼİǨƣǣǨƹȱˮѾϰȥˡ
Ҷ߶ൢһʱδܾͻᵼ³ɰǧ˵ԣҶ漸ƴһڲͣʩչ
һеһУУö˸ӵ
ҪǣҶ治ͣչʾ񼣣Щɳ˿ȵĤУÿһΣҲڻǲļĤݴ
Ҷĵλڶ˵ĿУϵš
һλɳʹʹ
ڸҶʮ֮ĿУҶѾɳĻʹ
Ҳûʶʵظɳ϶ĤҶĹУԼҲ֪ĳҶĿߡ
Уȥˣȥһģܲסӵ¡
ÿʹ˵ʱҾ;ޱȵİ࣡ҸоҾĳһ㣡
Ҫȥʹ̹ҵʹ˵ĿˡҲԡٹ⡣˵꣬˵ţ¾뿪
ȵȣ
ǲµ仰æס¡
£Ҳ뷨˵ʵҺ޲ÿԼʮӣԽͷΣҲȥʹ̹ףˡ
ǣФûУФ𣿡Щġ
϶ᣡǣڸҶʹôʱ֮㻹ԸصФȥ𣿡
ԣйƤһή֪ΪʲôһФҾȻһֶĵĸо
ûжԱȾû˺
ڴ֮ǰ˽ɳ˵Ҷ棬ôƱ˵ФͲμ׾ˡ
ѾΪߵУʱҶ棬еĕ£Фĳ档
㻹ԥʲô
ФŭΣҶҶʹ̹ףңȷѾԸҲصФˡ
˵꣬¾ʹҶӪʣԥһ£Ϳ첽ˡ


1891 ʦ
¸ĵҶ⡣
λһӪʣͨͨĹԸǰҶӵ⡣
ԡٹ֮£ȴʹ飬ʹͷǣ
¸˵ǣٴҶĿɿڴ
֮࣬ҶɳФ˼Ҷ⵵¡
£Ҷ֪ġ
ҶǣΪʲôºλͻȻ̹Щأһ̿ޱȵģ
Ϣ֮󣬴ϸԭίҶ棬ͻȻһЦĳ嶯
λФһ͵ɻʴˡ
ͻȻ䣬ҶЩϧФΪʲôɼλأ
ֱڸҶ񰡣ʹ
ʣ˵ıֺͷӦǳΪҶʹĿߵΡ
ҲֻгΪҶʹĿߣ˲ŻҶУ̶Ҷ̹ףҶͷ
̹׺ͳͷص㣬صǣλΪҶĿߡ
صǣڵ۷ΪҶĿߡ
ֻҪҶһ仰ͿΪҶȥĿߡ
֮λѾϢĳҶߵˡ
Ҷ濪ڣλͻΪҶĻ
֪ԻҲʮһλѡ
˾ɹʮһλλФλλ˰λֵλ
ԭߵɳֵ£ȴһλҲûС
Ȼ˵ĵ϶ֹ֪ʮһλصģҲԲ̫ࡣ
ФФֵĿǰλλ͵Ҷ档
Ф֪᲻Ѫ֪϶ڵѪ
ҪǵõϢ֮󣬶ʱڶ޷
Ϊ£һǿߣǾԲܳΪߵġ
ǣˣȴҶĿߣҶԺԿŵù֡
˳ΪҶĿߣҲǻԵɺϡ
˱ɳʵͽ˳ɳ壬һɳܵѣͬܡ
ߣһĿҶ潵µ񼣣ÿʩչµ񼣵𺳲˵ÿ컹ҪűʮȵɳޱȵĤҶ棬һ˶ʮ죬Ǳϴһ
ҲФԼСˣĶԱȣҶȫȫɳ˵жһԱȣҶ󣬾ͱޱȵĸߴ
⼸ۺ֮£λ־ĵǿߣҶĿߡ
Ҫǣ⵱УҶһзԱģȫʵı֣ѹûһ˿һӰ˼
һУȫԸģФΪ֮УܼҶҲ൱һ
˵ͬһ飬ܹ˳Ϊߡ
飬ûʲôܶԵģФ֪Ǹͺá
һҪͷĻǾͺúõıңҽʡʱ䣬ԱҾθ񡣡Ҷˡ˶˵ͬʱ˳һѣмĲҪҪġ
ػɳһ㣬ˡǣӽʹ˵־ǵһС
ҶЩԾĿУϵ̬ҶĽ֮˳Ӫʣߡ
ҶͻȻĪİ
λţҶĿŻҪġ
ܿģФͷ˲Ծ
ԭһһ鱨ͻȻû鱨ˡ
һû鱨ФΪµ飬ڶ죬ЩסФ󣬾ܵϵѯһ
ȴһֱѪĴ𰸡
ˣǶٹĸ٣Ѿ̷ҶʹߣػʹˣҲػٹ⣡
ʲô
ǾȻұңǸҶвˣ
ûУˣһУԸģʹ޹أ
ǡ
ФڵѪȵıѣֻһϵıѣʧģֻһ㻰Ȩû̫ʵϵʧϾ֮ǰҲûĻȨ
ǣλıѣ˽ˡ
λѡģ£Ҳλѡ
һ¾λ൱ڳȥ֮һܲŭ
ܲ
λǻѪȻֻλһѽкǿðġ
Ǵӽڵǿǻ˴Ѫ۵ġ
λɳµȻҲҪʵϣ˽ȴǸλɳ˽
һЩ飬ȴ޷ǣ
ǽǵФ͸ûʲôԲ̡
ŭ֮£Ф׼һɱҵ˴˾ɹ
Фɲûӵˡ
£ƾһˣɲһܹһع
ԣȥ·ϣФϵһɳɳһϢ
ҶֶοԽɿߡ
ФȻѾֵ𣬵Ⲣõһࡣ
Ը࣬ʹȿе֪ˡ
ФϢλɳɵЩ
λɳ֮˵ǱҶһҲʵ
£λɳǳںĿģӦФ룬ǰָ˵׼ȷ˵ǿ˵
˾ҶڹȻҵǽǣڶڲںģܲܣ
Уһ֮ѾˣҶ˵ʳȴûеڹȻǵǽǣڶ
ҿҶ棬Ŀ


1892 Со
˾ʳһ£ͬСɣһ֮ѹʳȴû£һҪҶʹһͣ
ΪФΪ׵׳ɵĻ˰֪Ѿվӵ飬ԣһΪФҡɺ
⣬ЩɳѡġҶʹһԵģߣԵҿڲȺӣ˾ɲ˰˵
ȷʵĹأ궨µĹأ˭ѡָӣȨȴѡأܻ
ʸĹŹһ̬ոʦФ󣬾Ǵ˼Ѫһ˷
ȷʵˣĹأԲܻФ
û£һҪҶʹһǿڶȺӣԺգ˰ֲһ䡣
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ǱФʲôϵأɹʵ
˾ЩһֱڼҶʹФȴÿ춼׷Ҷʹ鱨
Ҷʹ˼ɳ裬ҪʡȫҶʹܣǣһҶʹκ춯ǵɱҶʹ
ǣҶʹʲôأ
ȫȫľθ䰡
һʱܹʮ䣬Ҳʮ䣬ƽÿʱҪһֱ䡣
Ҷʹ߲ݵĸ˰£ε£˯ʱƴ
ǵФڻҶʹڼҶʹ
ÿ췢鱨ʱԼʼԼԼޱȣ
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ֻڶСоФͨĳ࣬ʵ޷ִФ
ͬʱΪϴˢǼҶʹǾ͡
»û˵꣬ͼɳФѪ۾˹ʣϷɱ㣡
һɲǣһɽһӰ͵˱̼ķɳФǰ


1893 ֻһ
ФǰģǴ˾ɹ
ˣ
һһŭ߳ɳФ߳ŭ˹
Ф㲻Ҷʹ´˸ɱ۵Ҫһͣ˾ɹʵ
ԣФһ£˾ͬ𣿡
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˾ɹһ仰ͽФµؿڷۡ
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ǣФȴ飬˵
һ֣¸˳˲Ϣޱȡ
ûֻͬ㱣ҶʹȴûӣФ£Ŀɲص
˵ôںİɣɳԴվҶ֮󣬻һֱûʱ֡
һΣȾץס˻ᣬҶԼͬʱҲڳɳԼ
Ȼȴһ˰¡ŵ˶òĿ⿴ȣٿվҶ࣬ҲȻˡ
ФҪһͣ
˾ɹ޸ٴ
ɹԤϵФСǣȴû뵽ФСȻ֮ȫȻǰĴ֡
ȫҶһжŻ̽Ҷ̿ʩչıʲô´˸ɱ۵
ô˾ɹһֳķŭ
˵Ҷ沢ʲôϸҶǼϸôΪĿǰĴ֣ҲܼŭҶ棬˵´ɱ۵ˡ
ΣɳĿǰֻ֣ҶƵˡ
´֣ǳ벻Ҷ档
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ҲҿҶ治ǼϸΪ£ҪȻɳڲ֪жΪФ
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ͣ
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ˣ棬һһʳķ⡣˾ɹ˵

ĮУɳФһ߸ߵɳϣ˼Ϊʲô䵽ǰ³
Ըƺûʲô
ǲԡ
Ϊά棬ҶǼϸ˳ҲΪʹʵ
Է棬ɵֵϰĵɽ
ȴһͿأ
⣬Ф˼˴ʱûеóκν
ûóȴɳ˰
Фһǧʯľķ䷽Ѿˡ˰˵
ФͷҲû̧ɶķý룬Ҳ֪ô£϶ƫڸոͶҶߵȣд˾һ
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ָȵ࣬ҵ٣ФǷ⡣
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˰ĻɳФ͵̧ͷһŵĿ⿴Ż˰ĪƭҰɣôܣ
Фģ
εľǰ±ϵ˿ġֱУµĲߴųɡ
˿㣬²ȫĲռɣжʮ˿ڣ͸ߴڣвֵ˿ڡ
±ȥ˿ڣߴǧ򣬶µ˿ڣڶѣԣµĲֵľֵ࣬Ŀߴǧʯʳ
ֱ˰׼ȷĿФſţϢġ
˿˭ֵģФɳˣһھʵ˹ؼ֮
Ҷʹһַġ
˰Ĵ𰸣Ф͵ŴƺЩš
ʵȴֲòš
ô
Ф˾Ҹһ仰˰˵
ʲô
˾˵ʱ򣬼ƽϵԽ࣬ʧȥԽ࣡ʼգҶʹʵһ£Ǿȫȫľ֣
ջȴҲġ˵꣬˰ٿʧ
ƽϵԽ࣬ʧȥԽ࡭ֻһ¡Фʧǵ


1894 
νʱֻܾҶڵдˡ
һʯ˵֮ɳǽˣǣΪȱˮˮĲ䣬ȴԽԽࡣ
Ҷǲ߲ݵתһҲʮҲڴ
˵ģµǧһٸ䣬춼Ҫ¡
ӵڶ¿ʼÿȲȱˮͳǧˣңĿһĳɱš
Ҷļ٣ȴ޿κΡ
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һЩڵСȻ۵һҶһ䣬൱ڽ䡣
ͬʱҲȫ淢ЩԶصװӵߣֱӴӵصװȡˮ
ڲͣĶ񻯵УֱӶصװȡˮĿ޲˵ЩȱˮĲ丽ĵˮӵİӣʵѾɳȡˮǳޡ
Ҫȡˮֻ߸Զ·ȥ°ӵȡˮȡˮҲޡ
ҶոսȵĲȸʱÿѾʮˡ
⻹СͽˮĲȡˮ¡
Դ֡ȱˮ
ֻڳ
Ҷ漱Ļ𼱻ǵһݣǣֻĿɳⳡȥ
ɳȵߡˡһرɳһһˮҲȵļ١
һ߷ʮң͵˰ҡ
ʱѾҶ濪ʼֵĵˡ
ɳ֮УⳡƽٶɳˣѾӽǧˡ
ǧˣдֽϣֻһ֡
ҶУȴǲʬѣɳĺ̡
ʬɳȫֶΡ
ҵǣתҶµĲ뿪ʱɳѾ͵ÿҡ
һתˮȽͣǼµ̭ܻĲ䣬ҵʱӲдķ
ǲڵˮֻǼ乲һˮԴ
ĵڣɳ˻ǺŽġ
Щ޷ҵʱʱɹѹصĲ䣬Ѿˡ
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ҶҲӭһ˿Ϣ֮ҪŲȥҶһָĻᡣ
Ҷһεľ֣һһµʱ䡣
һµʱ䣬ŽλµֵĲȫһ飬
ҶÿԭȵҪһ㣬Ҳָã̬Ҳкת
Ⱥͻ˰ҪҶ潫ЩδֵĲҲһ飬չʾһ񼣡
һȡԸȴΪ˸Щ̬
飬Ҷԥľܾˡ
һµʱڣҶ棬СϵʩչľͨѾʩչˡ
ǿǵ˵־֧ţҶ滹СͳŲȥˡ
һһʮ룬һ£˭˭ģ
ʣ˰ЩŵļһҲҶʹɣҶļᶨ֧š
һУȸܹϵġ
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ֻһͷˣȸˣ
ԣЩ飬Żȥ̸ġ
ңȵϣЩ飬Ѿ˵潻ˣǸҶлˡ
ҶУûϻһ㣬ȽȻҶʩչ񼣡
ȻȻջ˴Ը
ȥʱֻ΢һ⣬ó±ҶιĲÿɵ룬͸Ҷ棬Ϊл
ͬʱҲҶ汣֤Բֹ²
ڹһʵûжνġ
ϾõĴԸѾͳĶļֵİٱǧˡ
Ҳһ뷨ΪʲôֵĲ䲻һЩأ
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ó±ҶȹĲÿ룬Ϊл
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ֵһ˵ǣһɳФҲͬȺͻѴȥ
һλɳԣԸʲôҪ
һ㣬Ҷν
ҶлõԸһɳϡ
ԸãܾˣΪʲôأ
ʼգ˾ɹҶޱġ
ô˾ɹĻ˵Ҷʹһľ֣˵Ȼɳɳʵɱˡ
һμ־ȳĽ
Ȼɳǧ൱ɳɳ˵İɡ
ô˾ɹĻɳδУ͵һΡ
һļҶҲջ
˿ƺԸɳ衢Һ¡λǿ֮⡣
ɳ벿ÿɵ롣
Щ뵱УɳеԭʼزֻҪ˵ȥֵͻɱɱҶĿǰΪ֧ʱռһ˵ȵĺģһĲ䣬Ҷľ״̬ͱÿ
֮£һµʱڣҶջʵǡ
ƣҶһµļȼֱҶɳˣͳʮڣ㣡


1895 һ·
಻Ϊʲôҿĸоȴʮûôңҵĸоǻһһ㡣
ɵϣɽ䭿ŹҶ棬ͣ´ţ֮ɫ
ҶЦŶǰһڵ裬һ
ôûģʲô仯
ǰȻϳɣ޷Ĩȥѣת䣬ѪӢŷν֮Ӣ
಻еӢȫʧˣ˾ǻһһ㡣
㿴һۣҾȻܵһ޷ݵ⡣һ͸ңһһ㡣
ǰģһӢۣһȱΪĸɮ¡ҿȷҶҪȻҿҪΪ˭ðġɽ˵
ڰɡҶɸЦһ뿪ɳѾһˣĨΡ
ЩΣҶֻĿɳ֮ǳǧɳȥġ
ǰˣˣҾͶ䣬һʥζϸĴҶɽͻ¶˺֮ɫϷͻȻ֪䣬㵽׾ʲô顣
ҲʲôܣпյĻɳһ£Ͳˡ
˵ţҶٴξеĲ豭Ҵɳ裬ô
ã
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ҶһĿٵɳ裿
Ūϡ裿
ɳ裬һŪ˶٣ɽ䭳ԾޱȵҶ⡣
ҶȴЦЦŪ˶٣Ͼͱˡһɳ裬͵Тģ飬Ķлˡ
һɽ˲ʯ
ôࣿ
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ֲĵطһԳһС統УǸСĻˮںطʱѡʺɳС硣
ԣɳĲǶңһǧ
һĶˣͲֵǮˡ
ԣһֱϧۡ
Щ꣬ɳٵʱֻʮﲻ
ϣԽϵԽ
Խ곤ˣյĲƸԴԽͬһʱ䣬ܹٵɳ裬ۡ
öɳҶͿԻһö
ҶһҲ۷ļ۸Щ꣬𽥼Ӵɳļ۸Ҳȶû֮ǰôס
һɳ裬Իö
һṩɳ裬Ҳﵽٽҡ
ɳĲɷǳ١
ڲͽɳ赱ͨĲҶȡ
Ҷõֵɳ裬ٽԺÿ꣬Ҷ涼Էֵٽҡ
Щָߴͷɳ裬һҪǾǾԲںĴ½ۡ
ܱߴС磬ÿһγ۵Ҳܳƻг
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һʱ䣬Ҳƽ˳ҲѿҴȥһߣѰҲµ䣬˳ɵһŵҶ˵
ôң磬һˣǱȴ뻹ҪѰٱֹɽ˵
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ңɵ£һ£ʱûʲô֣ûʲôõĽ顣Ҷʵ
иϷ飬Ϸһֱڰֵ⡣˵ΣЩìܡ
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ӵ̫ѪأǿҲ̬ңԽǿ壬Խѡ
֮Ҳ塣ɽ˵
壬Ҳ塭𰸣ҶЩ¡
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壬̫磬ˡҶ˵ͷ

Ҷʥˮʥʥƺʥʦηɰ׵˷λ
ĵܣʵҾģȥ壬Ǽϣ˵һ㣬Ͼһȥ磬Ǽ£Ҳ˵һ㣬ؼʱǻ԰æʥ˵
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ңһʱռһʮ꣬о޹ͷˣΪٶȣҲԽԽ
Ҫһʱ䣬ٴαչؿޣ
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ΪԽߣԽҪо飬ԽҪ
֮ǰչؿ޵һ꣬ʥηɰʱռѾչؿʮˣ֮ǰµиѾһ⡣
չؿ޵ЧԽԽҪС
ͬʱҲΪҶҪԶУʥˮߣԲܳ⣬Ծ;Ǽ뿪ʱռ䣬
Ȼˣô뼸ˮͽλʦˡҶ֣ص
ʥƺʥʥ֣ع֮ʣʦηɰ˵˲µϢһʱ֪ͨҡ
Уһ·Сġ
һġ


1896 Ų
Ҷ֮ǰɵʱɽ˵һеĿģҪѰҲ£˳֮ǰһŵ
ŵǡйأŵĵһĿĵأҲǡ̫硣
ʵŵҶǰλת½ʱλӵѪи顣
λԪ޶࣬µԪһӣҪҶ뿪ͨۻԡ顢ͫ˴
⼸λһִĺ󱲣֮꣬½һΡ
ҲλԸˡ
ҶܵλڵѾ߰ˣȻ˵һӵʱ仹
֪λڻܻá
ٻʮ꣬Ҳһ֮ڣٻʮ꣬Ҳһ֮ڣٻʮʮ꣬Ҳһ֮ڡ
ҪҶ潫λԸת̫ԡ顢ͫ˻ȥʱλȻȥ
ǲλڻĿ¾ԡ顢ͫˣҲǳĺҶ棬ԶԭҶ档
νܴ֮У֮¡
һΣѰҲ¾̫ȥȥ̫磬Ҷ涼ȥһ̫磬ŵ
ֻҶû뵽ɽ䭵Ľ飬Ǹôͨ㣬Ϸ̫⼸¾Ȼغϵһ
ҶģһΣ˵ܹҵµء
ǰ̫磬ַʽһǴӻдУһ֣ͨЩϹŲ
ӻдַʽȻݣʵҪܸߣҲǳʱ䡣
ǰ̫磬ǵкڵǿߣҲҪڻдʱ⡣
ֳĴ󣬷ǳΣգǵǿҲԸⳤʱصĻд
ϣǰһЩԶС£ǰ̫磬ͨϹŲ
ںĴ½֮ϹŲĴ½ϹŲ󣬸ӵϡ٣Ҳӵϸ
ÿһУһѷڵϹŲ󣬵Σյսͨ¹
̫ϵáսŲ󣬸֮ء
ħ֮ʱħɿһֽܵ۹ټū壬˵һ壬Ѫǿ壬ҲһԴ
ħ˵˵ܵ۹һеʵĺһλߵ壬ǳŲǶ˼š
ݳ޵ľϣǱϵһѹˣʲôѪѪԡʱ򶼸Ƶġ
嶼˵λ͸˵еˡ
ħʱͬʱ֣˾޴ѹ˵Ӻ͹ѱ䣬˼鷳˵ֱôܺ󷽴ңһħսıҲˡ
ǳս֮Ĺϵ˱㲻˵ܵ۹ķҲ߼
ԭ̫Ĵ½ֱŲͨǴδս֮Ϊ֮ǰ峤ֱ֡
ܾͻ˼̫Ĵ½Ų֮ͨһ㡣
Ҫǰ̫磬ҪȴӺĴ½ǰһҫСתȻܴҫСǰ̫硣
һٴδ֣СĻ壬ܾ˴ݵķӦʱ䡣
˵ҫתС磬ֻġ
ҫ磬硣
ܵ۹ȡΪѹ֮⣬ǣȴ岻ˡ
ԭԼתС干ܣȡ֮ȴԸˣλȫ岻ǰĽ
ܵԣһܲٵ㰮۾֡
գЩá
ܹ֮ó׵ˣһû㱳
С˶С
νЩó˺ǱĹʧɾʹˡ
գЩ˱Ĺ巢ҫ磬ҲǸһ̨¡
ȻҲŴ˵ģЩʹʹҧҧҲˣӸԴϽó׵ظһ㡣
ǣͳҫ硣
˵ô귢չǸҫ磬Ѿһڻó׼ɢء
ʣҶҪߵģ϶ǵڶ·
תһ£һЩ׼ڴɳתºҶٴγ̤ǰ̫·
һվȻλħս󷽵ҫǣͨŲǰҫ磬ٴҫŲƵ̫硣
Ҷոտʼĵһվûͷ鷳


1897 
Ҫǰҫ磬Ȼȸϵҫǡ
ҫǣλħսĺ󷽣ټŹϹŲޱȵҪ
սҪص֡
ܷ棬פ֮⣬ļ飬Ҳϸ˼㣬ʱó׵ĽͨҪÿͨе̶Ӽ࣬ͨޱȵĸӡ
޷ܹġ
Ϊ˱֤ӱͱ鲻ٷܹٷɴﶯ˴֮ܵһҲ鱦Ԫ
ܾڣŲĵطԪ֮¡
ͬһκҪҫǣҪԪ䲻˵ҪṩӦ֤
ֻ㣬ʹҫǵŲ
һϹŲҫǵŲ󣬹ӵϸÿһԱĻ壬ֻģҪǼǡ
ԭЩ飬Ҷûκ鷳ġ
Ѳ˾ǱǱҪ£ǾĽ죬ҲԸԵ޹ʵĵһλմȨѲʹ
ңһγΪҪ뿪Ĵ½һʱ䣬֪ʻ᲻ʲôּ⣬ֻѲ˾ûʲô
Գ֮ǰҶѲ˾˾Ԥ˼٣ѲϴǧҲ飬ñץʲôѱ
ڱأҶ˳ֹտзѣԳֹݣҲӵҶ
ԣҶҫǵʱõǱĿʾʵݡ
ñĿҲû취
̫ȻԪǰȴûκá
Ȼ˵ҶʩչֱӶҫǣܵ۶Ҷ涼Գ룬ҫȻҲڻ¡
ǣûгŵļ鿰ϣҶòŲԣҶֻʵʵİ¡
ԭûʲôģǣѲ˾պգѲ˾Ѳʹ뿪Ĵ½ģҫֵشҪء
˳ſλֵУξע⣬Ҷͬʱʱͽ²ϱգϱҫǵʹ
Ϊͨó׺ԭͨٶȻǱȽġ
ҶϵִģֵҶͨеʱѾʱˡ
ͨеˣǣǱۺ֮ҶҲ̫עĿҲʵʵŶٴˣ׼ǰҫ硣
ǣǰߵļ̶Ӷ˵û⣬ҶǿʱСҶǿ鵥˳ݸפУξ
УξɨһۣͽҶǿӻع顣
ҶǸͨе飬Ҫ飬Ⱥ򡣡ǰֵǸСҶ˵
Ҷüͷһ壬飬ô£ʱ
ҶߵĹأȺ򡣡С˵
ҪȺãԷ֣ҶҲ뻵˹ء
Сԥһ£ŻڵͲ˵ˣҲһ죬Ҳʮ£ȸһģҲûС
һСô˵Ҷͳ
һСĹǻ鷳ڵˡ
һָУξʵ
СҲģ֪Ҷ治ǣæ˵ͷУξ
УξǵһμɣҶߵУξǰ˵
УξҶĻȴǻδţ۾û̧һ¡
ҶͷŭֱðǱϾǵĵͷǴפ֮أҶ棬Ҳܺ
ĿһҶǸߴԪͷųһ˿Ԫѹ
Ҫֻ֪ͨеǿߣܽԪ飬ʱԪѹʹŵѹ
ԣҶͷųһ˿ԪѹǾͽǰλΪҶһصУξһ
Ǳ߾ģоҲҶһѲ˾ѲʹǣһɢԪѹѲʹͲܹġ
ܼ򵥣ҶᣬԪѹΪΣƾһ㣬Ҷպǰ;Բֹһ·Ѳʹ
ҶԪѹľ£λУξҶ治䲻Ĵ˸к
ҶĳУξг𣿡Ҷͻؿʵ
ûУ
Թ
ûУ
ΪιҶĳҶʵ
Уξԥһ£ҶˣⲢǵѣҫǵĹء
ʲôأ

УξԥҲ
Ҷһ͵ؽڶ·ѲʹĵУξǰУξƣʶɣ
ʶУξѾЩˡ
Ѳ˾飬ǺУξе𣿡Ҷ߳
⡭УξȻǱҶסˡ
У
Ҷһŭ߳Уξ͵شһ£ΪޱȣһҶ棬ֲҷеģ
Ӵλ˭ţôĹһ־Ե̫๫Ѽɤ˲ϢУξɴ⡣
ڹλҶѾǿ˷֮ȴҪеְȨǿвڹãڹΪ
Уξһ͵ڹǰеģеǱ
Уξı֣ҶΪˣУξ
Ӧڹˡ
ڴܣܹʸʹ̫Ĺ壬ֻм壡
սĹ壬ûʸ
֮Ҷģһλ塣
˭أ


1898 죿
вǵУξôĵӣڹĹѼɤűĿ̱Ҷǿ顣
ӴҵǶĹأһСС֥ȲһССѲѲʹ͸Ұǹ졣
ֳڵɲǣҶУغ֣ȻҶͶˡ
Ҷٶȼ죬ֻǰһҶվǸڹǰȻǸڹɱһĴҽ
ʱŴѪĴոմλڹɳҲ쳹
һĻʱͽУξˣҲפ̶Ӹˡ
ҫ֮УµˣУǣҴУξˣȴǰûС
ڸҴУξҪЦ̫ˣѹûС
ȻҴۼңҿҪ췴ˣ죬£°©ڹЪ˹ļ˵ڳ⣬ŴڹѾʧȥǡ
Уξһʱһ֣פפʱΧģе鱬ħ󣬾ͷ׷׶׼Ҷ档
ҫǵҪصĹٱԱȫǸ䡣
Ҷ浭ɨһΧУξ־Լڶ·Ѳʹơ
Ѳ˾Ѳʹڹɣҿ˭Ҷ֣
Ҷһŭ߳ʱͽУξסˡ
Уξɲɵƽʱڹһˣ⣬潫ִǿɲС
Ҷݣɲܹƾʧ֡
찡´Ÿɡ
飡
յڹû˵꣬Ҷһֱ߳ӽڹ߷ʮԶиѪ硣
һҶ棬ŻñȲӡָѪֹڹһһٵıȲ֮λͣҲǱ浶ʵǹնµħԴƴֵģǾ
һСС豾ٹ죿
Ҷɱֱ֣Ҷ浶ʵǹһͨλڹʱӲ˵һ仰
ǣҶһһٵĻȴУξͰΧҶһڱ߾Ϊ֮ݡ
ȻϿҶ
Ȼ⣬Ǿһûбڴܱ߾֮УѪڣ
ЩΧסҶı߾еĵĽе鱬ħָԵһ¡
ҶĿ⣬Ҳòһ
˵ʵЩ߾ڹҲһֱߣ࣬Ȼϲ˵ʵˬġ
Уξȴˣ£ѾĴ÷Χ
ûйĿǣУξͽϽͨĶͷ˾£ҲֻĶͷ˾ҫǵʹܽ
ΪҶҫǵʹ
Ҷﲻ˵վţټָ鱬ħҶ벻⡣
ҶٶȣЩ߾۶ǰҶͿ÷˲Ϣƶʮ֮⣬뿪ġ
Ҷ֮ԺȻ֣һȷʵѵڹһ̫ྐྵȻţ
ҪǴȥҶѲʹ棬ûطˡ
ͬʱҶҲΪڹ֮ˡ
£ҶУξСû˼Ҳû
УξˣȻҹݵĵҶ棬Υ֮˵Ľϡ
Ҷڣȴϵġ
ΪҶˣȻǼ壬Ҳûʲô˵ˣңҶѾԼԼ˲²⡣
ͬһʱ̣ҫǵʹظڣҫʹԭܣһڳ˼
βıû뵽Ҷ棬ƢȻ˻𱬣һԲʹʹ˱ܹڹ
˵ҪҪᣬ˰췴ͷһٰɵúõĸ٤ܳһڶԭ˵
һƳĺβıȴûϽӿԭĻ磬Ҷ棬ʵҲǱо㿴ֻڹһˣȴûнŶ֡
Ծǲᡣ
᣿
ԭЦҫǣҵĵ̣ҵĵ̣ҪʰһССĲһֻһ򵥡
ϣԭܾյ±Уξı棬˵һλҶѲʹҪǰҫ硣
ΪѲ˾ܴ鱨ˣλУξϹ٣УϲϹء
գһ·˿ԭܵǰһС
˵ǣҪĻ£Ҫ׼ݣκΰѱ
µĽ飬Щա
Ҷ棬ϾһѲʹ˵Ǵ˾죬ʥǺŵģ볤ֹǹϵǳ
Ǿ׵ҫǣʱ򣬾޶֤ºүҲֲ˺ã鷳Ǻβıһת
ԣ⿪ԭٴⲽ˼
βıϳ֮ԣ˵ĶԣûҪΪôһһԼһ鷳
һһ£ܰȻɼʥĿУͬһ㣬Ǿٻһʱ䡣
˵ԭ۾һУβıȻɱܾܲñĿһĵ˾ʹ·ɣ
Ҫ´ȥˣλܵܣôңڣ٤ڸĹͷһء
ܵҳһڶɣ
βıȴǺٺһЦ¼򵥡
Ҷ棬ҪͨŲǰҫ۲ǸʲôģǲУһֱţ
Ĺأô飬ȫɽʹһԶ
˵βıֲһ䣬¿Ҷ棬ƺǰҫܼǾţʬ壡
ãͰ˵İ죡ԭЦϲ


1899 ־
ǰı仯ҶǳĲ졣
֮ǰڵڵϣſձӶԼļŵĴ޺ڹյһѶ֮Ǵһ£˾Ǳһһ㣬ʱ˿ˡ
ȡһɫֽϸϸĽԼǺϵѪɾֽϵĳĴ˼¡
ȻλڹС첽ߵҶǰ˫ϥһͳҶȥ
СĹ죬ײҶҶ˲С˹ĹСһ⡣
˵꣬ڹ͹ĸҶͷ֮ҲҶΣһԲ뿪첽Զȥ
ҶɲǸڹתԣ϶յǷʲô飬⸱ɣȴҶ濴ǵҪʲô
ҲʱλУξУξյһ򣬹ۿһ£λУξһȻһ֣ǰΧҶһؾɢȥ
ԼҲص֮£ױ˲ˮ
һʱ䣬ǰ˵Ҷ棬û˹ˡ
Ҷ֮࣬ٴԼǿУξУξ˹֣УξҺʱܹͨУУξʱ䣿
Уξһһ۵ĶҶҶҸŵĵطַǵϣڵһʱ֪ͨҶ
飿Ҷüͷһ壬֪ҪҺ£
ҫǵĹأأǻ˾Ѳ˾񲿡ԼħսϿɡ
˵ţУξ֣صóһⲯ飬ݲӣҫʹȨһԱе飬߱Ҫҫʹĵ顣
Ϊ˴ܵ۹Լħսİȫκ˱ȴ֮⣬һ㻳ɶĵޣó£⻳ɶĵޣԭϲܳꡣ
ЩݣҪģǲ·ǼĴӡ
⼸ĴӡڴˣʹҶѲ˾ѲʹҲӡ
ҶףһΣУξǳ׵Ĵ˹ǻ
ô˵УξǽҶĳΪɶඣҶʵ
Щܵøǵְ𣬻Ҷһ¡Уξһһ۵ġ
Ϣ֮Ҷһַ뿪ˡ
ȻԷ˹ǻҶҲ޷ǿֻ뿪취ˡ
˸ŵĿջҶ͸ڶ·ѲʹĹϵ
һҫǵΡ
ϣѲʹλãֻҪؼ̫ߣö鱨ԴѲ˾õõ
һʱ֮ҫǵһӦϸ鱨ȫҶǰ
ҫǣʹһظʹһУξˡ
ÿλУξǧˣʹһҫһפǧˡ
ҫǵפǴʵװϣȫŴӸߣޱȵܡ
ϵ棬ҫǵʹħսָӣѡһħսƼɾίΡ
ĿǰħսĶԭҫǵʹǿԭܡ
⼧ܣȴԭֶ丸
֮⼧ܣԭһϵ
鱨Ҷϸ⼧ΪʲôҪΪʮа˾ţΪ٤顣
Ϊ˰٤飬ԭβ뵽Ҷж֮Уһϵĺ󱲣һҶ棬ҲͲˡ
ֵǣ⿪ԭܣͻȻ֮侹Ȼʼذˡ
Ҫǲذ£Ҷеǰ취
һذ£ҶɾѰˡ
ҶѲ˾ڶ·Ѳʹ̽鱨ֶΣҲѧ˼֡
һʱһľ¥һٷˡƹ񡢰ССԼرԾ֮Ҷ鱨ʹ̽Ĳˡ
ҫǣܻһЩĻˣ̫ƽ䣬˷ħ֮⣬ͨУܵĻǺɵġ
ǵĻҶֱ£ҪǲѰ취ٴүͿڵȥ
֮£֮ꡣ
ȫ棬Ҳֻܵħսȥϸ棬һˣħսĴŶȥ
Ҷ浹ܹȥǴӶԭһĿԣΪ㡣
ңҶҲûôʱ˷ѡ
龹ȻݱҶԸ⿴Ρ
Էùʩչ־
һ죬Ҷÿ춨ʱȥһŲ󸽽ÿһΣǸУξЦǺǵģԶľվӭҶ档
ǣĻԶôһ䣬ڵ飬Ҷ氲ȴ
Ҷ֪Ҫȥǵ꣬¶ûн
ǻ·ֱӴӻߣ˵꣬꣬ҶҲִܹ̫硣
ڻ·ٶġ
Ҷ˾Ԥڼܹ㳯ѰͷոͱҶˡ
λæȲ˵ǻ᲻æҶС¶ȥ鷳ǣֻǷҶ棬Ҷ氲һͷ
λæÿһΣҪǷһ޴飬飬ǷʱǷȵʱ򣬿ɾûôûˡ
һãҪҶԴȥпܵġ
ΪֹҶ滹ǵúǷλһһ顣
ңħսԭǰ´˾Ԥ㳯ӣʹ
ߣʹҶҲ
飬ҶԼ
ϸоһڵִҫǵĵ죬Ҷ˶


1900 Ҷ
ΪҫǵУξʵǱȽɵġ
ΪҫǵĹأճ
֮УξͿϢˣҫغЩˣΪŽįУξڳլӣƯС檣ůҲңڡ
죬УξصլŮź¾ϴ֣ȻԼ鷿ѾѾʼæµˡ
Щ̤鷿̤鷿ɲǣУξļ͵رһֱͻϵĸоУξĺëը
鷿̫ʦϣʱһӰȴУϣһʵĹ⻪˸š
ʲôˣУξ˵
УξţֻĶѡͳ
ʲôĶͣûʲôĵġУξڻƶţһöѶѾС
ֻҪѶһⷽԲʮפȴߴǧ˵СڣжΣա
ھͷ־Ѷɲһʲô⡣
̫ʦеҶ棬ЦڷѶ֮ǰУξȿҶһö
УξĿһҶ棬Ȼ򣬽һۣУξɫ䡣
ʲôˣ㵽ʲô
УϸĽ壬Զϼҵ޶Ů˳
ҫأѲ˾޳Īϼҵأ㱳ħսҲǱ޳ĪɡҶЦ
壬Ƿط֮ˣѲ˾
ݺҲѲ˾ֺϷУξ־һ㣬飬ʵҶ֪ǡ
ң
Уξ۾͵ص˸Բ侲ڵĵطɲϽ
УξѾ֪ǰ˭ˣ˱ǵѵıȲҶ棬˭ء
壬ȷʵҵϽǣͬŰСæûɣã壬ԵƤ֮࣬Ǻ׵ġ
УξɫԽԽѿҶεһ̯֣ջǿ򣬡ȻУξңҲ뿴ɣ
УξʱףҶ£ǰﲻæ޷ͨڡ
֪ϱʹܵֻ֪ܸ´ʲôҶʵ
˵˾Ͳҵ鷳ˣУξ˳
ǴˡҶû˵
ԣУξͱЩǷʹУдĽڣ㲻С
϶ãҶʵ
Ĭһ£Уξٴ³֣ڡ
Ҷر䣬⿪ԭܣǶ
Ҷ汾Ϊֻµʱ䣬û뵽Ȼڣ
ظڣΣҶʵ
⣬УξЩԥҶǷ򣬾һεĿˡ
ҫЩһֱûʲô鷢ʹڣΪߵģʹ˵λ۷塣
ʹˣǽڵΪ⣬⻹һ֧˵˵нˣڽʮˣˣڵУξشĺϸ
ҫǣûеǿ򣿡ҶЩ⡣
У
ҫڣֱһº̳º̳֮Уһλĵǿ
⼸λʹĹϽΪҫǣٳ棬ֻ֮áУξشĺϸ

Ҷ˵ͷҪһʹϸͼ
ҪʲôУξý
ģɱʹ飬ǲɵģҶ˵
ǼԼ޶УξٴҧҧϢ֮󣬾͵һ
ظĵͼ󷨲
ܺá
ָһ꣬ǿУξ鱨򣬾ͻ˷ĩҶеظͼס죬ûҲûңûһݵͼ
صɲǣҶƾʧֻУξʧǵվ
ݣûǷظͼҶԣûҶ֮ҪݵͼֻһݰѱǸУξҸܰˡ

һҹУξжɹġ
Уξһظھ췭ظʹѶ
ԣУξһҹһ۶ûգ
ǣֱظûκζ
糣ظУξˮĨһɻȥֵˡ
Уξ֪ǣʱظޱȵĹ졣
ظڲٴС
ظҪ󳹲ظͬʱȴûпʹֻظܹڹֻޱȵĴһλĽ۷Ļʹ˵Էڡ
ԷڣҫʹԭܣʱﱻԷϣ˱һīɫϸϸ廨š
ˣīɫ̣þĴ̽ʹܻҪѨס˼ܵͬʱüܵޱȵľ֡
ܱԼŻʱ򣬼ܻڷ
һǰδеľ
㣬УͻȻͻһʹ᲻κҲκˡ
Ȼͱ˵ֱڡ
СͽʳɱУܱҲֵֻļܣܹﰡ
ҲҿĹܼڹûʧֻǽŻҪȻҪǴȥʹûˡ
˼Ȳ裬԰֮ʹʱҹһΪظڴ
ҫǵգҲ˽˼֡
ֻǣ飬עûнġ
ҶڳǶȥûκκۼ˵һССظˡ
ҹһʹܣֱĽŻ⣬Էľǿʮ
һҹԭȻһֱǣʮ˼ֻһ˼£ľųɣһֱھ䡣
ҹԭŻˡ
ҹֵǸˣʲô⣬Сɾˡ
һ뵽ܻᱻɱֻܾ겻ĸо
ԣҹٴУ
ҵǣһҹֱûκⷢüİ١
һҹľüЩƣ͵ĵϢ˰ʱ
ʱ֮ļܸոŮ£ͿŮ졣
ͷɲǣͿ齺ߣһ֡
һüͷƴġҶ֡
ܼʶһԼͷɫͱ׵ġ
ͷ˼ơ
֮Ҷ֣ȴϸͷٰڳֵġ
Ȼ֪ʲôʱġ
һɺشʹܵԺ
֮ˣҪȡļܵԴ練ƣ
ǣⱳĴ̿ͣϷŪȴֲɱΪأ
Ҷ֣ʲô˼
ʹ벻ʱܹڹؼ߷©үȲѲڶ·ѲʹҶ棬
ڶ·ѲʹҶġҶɲǣʹʱ׻ɫޱȵɷס
ٺ֪ҲܽҶϵһˡ


1901 
ڿҶЦ߽Ժõʱôһ˲䣬ΪʹĿԭܣȻһִ
оҶĿ⣬ƺڶĺ󾱿ĺವġ
춼һߣǵڶǸҶֵľ棬Ҷݰ֮󣬼ܾͶ϶¿϶Ҷйء
ȻҶģǲΣܶҪһҶġ
ڼҶ֮ǰǰټơ
ܴ𵶵ڴԺУǿ֮ˣ࣬ϢͷųԺڼһɹС硣
һ񣬷࣬ʽƷףʽ鱬ħһɱڵĶҶ档
ʹһ£ͽҶ˼
Ź־͹Źô׳ԸоĺವģƺЩ˶Ҷ첻ʲô谭Ƶġ
Ҷʹˣ
Ҷңңֵʱ򣬼ܲһͣĸԼҶ治һ۷߰ˣǿ˾
ҪǼ챻ڵˣһ뵽ԴûˣһʳļܶԣݾţʵЩ
ҶѲʹ֪Ϊ£ҶоλǹְȨְȴֱȾλߣԺöҶĹְƺ
ʹһҵɵˣǷԷУҶ
⡭
£ҪǻؾģǾ飬ѾЩԥˡ
˵ܴӹѾеˡ
Ҫ֪ϣλ۷ǿʮ֮⣬д߾ȻֽţͷһҶ֡
ûʵüĵ
ԥʱҶֿˣףҽǲӣôʹɫ̫ãǲû˯ð
Ҷ治绹ãһ磬ܾһ
ңҶһᣬмв֮⣬һܾ͸ӿ϶Ĺ£ʮа˾Ҷġ
ҲֻҶɡ
£ܾŭˣ͵һӣҶģ浱ظˣƲǰɣ飬ɵİɣ
żܵŭȣҵǿߺһǰһ˵ɱϢֶҶ档
ҶȴǸûһ㣬Ĺ˹֣ʹ˵ʲôôЩף
Ҳ˵䣬Ҷյ΢΢һǿԪϢһйɱϢҶƵһľʿһʱ뾪һһʱ侹ȻʧΡ
λǿߣԪϢһҲһݡ
һ˲Ϣܵͫ͵һĸоУҶͻȻͱһɽһ㣬һָɽֹĸо
ǣʹӣҲڻ˵ӣܻǿҶģװ⣡ɵĺ£ʲô浱֪𣿡
ףҶһ㵣ѵʹδ֪֮ܣȻܹǰԤ֪Ҷĳʹ˽µģ
£ԭһȻ
ԭԭܵһ䣬ӦǶȻ߳Ҷ棬ûйҶʲô¡
ǣҶȴᡣ
ǰһÿԭŵͬʱҲˡ
˵Ǹʹ˽£˵ǽһļ׵ɱư̡Ҷ˵
ɱʲôģ
òʹ֪ˡ
˵ţҶͽν¡
ºܼ򵥣һԱΪ˱ɱһԱ顣
һҶչԱڰµĹУ⵽һԱ޹ʵѣ˻ģͼı
ְǰһ죬ҶչԱǰݷչԱҪٵԼǣ⵽˾ܾ
ڶ죬ҶչԱְֻܵԶ硣
ǣڵʱչԱȴ汻ɱ
Ѳ˾ȥ鵽ǸҶչԱͷϣǣǸҶչԱȴŲڳ֤ݣԶڰ֮⣬ѹûʱ䡣
׮ӣͳͷ
Ѳ˾棬Ҳֱ֮󣬲ڻԵɺ֮£׮ӡ
Ҷڽӣ򼧹ԽԽ䣬󣬶ͷ亹ˡ
ɵҲҶڽ轲¶
ǸҶչԱָľҶ棬ǸչԱָȻʹ
˵ֱףܲס
ҶھٸҼҶҪǸԱһ㣬ֶɱ
İݷãǸҶչԱĿһ
˵Ҷֱвֻ֮Աǡ
ǼҶиɵ͡
ǣǰȴѾ֤Ҷ׾ٵȡԴ
вͱʮҪˡ
Ҫǳв
ǣвȴʵʵģüܸоԴߺһһ㣬ͷƤЩˡ
ܿԺûӵһǿĴͷǣֻǧǧշĵ
ܾģһҹҹ˯ңֻΪ˵ĴɱҪǳڳȥġ
ҶҶѲʹһ⡣ܵĻͷЩ
ʹ˾ʡ
֪Ѳ˾ôҵǸҶչԱɱ˵֤ݵģʵ
ޣҲҵģַӣǰķ֣ԼϵġҶ浭˵
ķ֣Լϵġ𰸣ü֮࣬ǿɬ
ҶĳѾˣǣ
仰Ҷɴתߡ
ֻ¿ԭЩʧǵվ̧ͷʱҶѾˡ
أҶأܼޱȵ쳹


1902 ̫
ŲУξͷ󺹵һ¥ҵҶʱҶޱȵƷƣһϯ档
ҫĶǮˣĳʳϺģӦоеġ
Ҷţһ뿪Ĵ½δڣϺĴ½еʳඡ
Ҷҵˡ
ʲô£УξģȺһˮ˵Ҷֵݹȥһơ
๾һں꣬УξͰѷӵҶιҪ֪ͨ㣬ĵˡڿʼʱͨŲ󣡡
ޣˣ
ˣʹԷԸģͷİɣУξһ䡣
лһºһҶ
УξĿһҶ棬ҡҡͷְͲ߶ˣǣ
ת˲䣬Уξ뿪˾¥
Уξɲɵʹǰ̬תôԣ֪Ҷʲô
ɲҶ泶ʲôϵʹ˶룬Ͼʹֵ»췹Եġ
Ҷ濴ԶУξЦЦԹԵ˾Ʋˡ
ϢҶеҪĿ졣
ԭܣҲ鱨ģҪ
鱨֮УԿԭĸֵۡɫ
һǿӲʵϺļһҲпš
ʵϣܳƽô꣬ȻһֱеѪߣǻӵܾξְҲε񼧹ûκΣյľְ
ѪԵĻӵܣѾˡ
ҲΪҶŶƲߡ
ǰûСæȻ׾ˡ
ڴͬʱظڣʹԴҶ뿪֮һֱԲ
ǰͽҶвǽŵˡ
ֹŹΣѾЩˡ
ԴҶ뿪˲ٵҶ֮󣬾һֱͣѯڹҶ뿪ҫûУ뿪ûУ
ԭѾ⣬Ҷ첻뿪ô뿪
ҸͷȥһˣڸƣӦúܰȫġ
ҵǣʱ֮󣬿ԭյϢҶѾͨҫŲ뿪˺Ĵ½
ԭһԴľսವĸоʧ
תҫ֮Ҷֻ΢˽һҫķ⡣
ҫ磬ֻһͨС磬Ԫ֮У࣬ߴ˳ɣ޴ڵ
ľԴΣˮٴΣͽͷǳټˡ
ӭҫķԶġ
ҫĴ½ҫ̫ŲǷֳֵġ
ҫĴ½Ųλҫҫڡ
ҫ̫Ųλڳ⣬м仹޴ľӪ
һӪ̫פӪȥЩ£һǴܵ۹פɭϡ
ңҫߣǿǽߣǽǽ¸ӵ·ÿһ·ڣ͸Ϣ
һ֣ҫ磬ͿԳΪֿͷҫҫǳ浽µԷӳǿķ
˵ֻҪӣŵ۷ĴܲҫҲԵֵ졣
Դһħһ֮󣬴ܶķѾ˶㡣
ħսһֱס˴ܵԴܵԣ˵Ѿʼս̫籨ˡ
ЩҶҲֻ˽ѣҫͣ˰죬Ҷʹҫǰ̫硣
ҫǰ̫Ųصġ
ڴϸ߾ɢˡ
һ´ǱǩĿϣѯһҶĿģһǼǣͷˡ
ҪǣҶһٿƷʯŲƷãʱҫǲʮƷʯѡ
ҶģѾ⴦ŲͨһƵ·ӡ
ʱ֮ҶѾ˳˳ĳ̫硣
̫һС磬Ĵ½һط
缶ĺĴ½ǡںĴ½̫޷鱦ġ
缶ĺĴ½ޱȵĻôĴ½ʵһֱڻš
ϣĴСֻҪһֱڣͻһֱȥ
Сأȴһ޵ġ
ߣԪˣҪСĸǿ
پͲ࣬ͺȥһѾ
̫飬ռųϣĿãȻпãǱͲ̫Զˡ
ôǣ̫ķ⣬Ĵ½ҪõĶࡣ
ɽ㡣
Ҷֻ˰죬Щˡ
ʱҶѲ˾õ̫ļͼҲȷ˵һĿĵء
ҶĵһĿĵأ̫лľסأ׻ɽ
顢ԡͫ˻תԵأ顢ԡͫ˵ظзֲ
ǣеĻ壬Ѫ߹Ļ壬ȫ̫İ׻ɽ
ҶҵȻͨϵ顢ԡͫˡ
ϧǣ꼸˷ֿʱϵʽֻзѶѶϵΧϵˡ
Ҷֻȥҡ
̫ȻС磬Ҳޱߡ
Ҷһ£ŵ̫Ųڵĵط׻ɽԼһǧ·
Ҷһ첻ʮ·ٶȣýһµʱܸϵ
ԵģҶСè·ˡ
СèĶʮÿʱٶȣһʮ·ֻҪʱ䣬ͿԵִ׻ɽ
ʱ䣬ҶҲûš
Ҷ潫黯һ飬Сèľ£Сèǰ׻ɽ
Ҷ棬ץʱںǿСƬ
ͨһͨƬҪĹ򣬶طӡСƬһߣ˵ҪʮĹ
ԣСƬͻ۷塣
Сģط߷ͬ˵ٶȡ
ҶǿԪ飬СƬʱ䣬ɱɱļ١
ҶЩٶԼҪʱ䣬ܳСƬȻͻƵ
ʱ䣬ʵЩˡ
ҵǣҶʱռ䡣
ʱ£ҶֻҪĸµʱ䣬ܹͻƵ
ҶȻ޷һʮʱʱռСƬ
ԣҶʱһлᣬͻʱռǱƽʱҶÿҲٻһʱʱռǱ
ҶƣֻҪȥ£߸£Ϳ˳ͻƵ
ʱֻҪҶΪͻƵҶǰغ͵·ֻòһ
Ҷɳֵһʱ䣬СèһֱʱռǱޡ
ʮǱޣԴӦ£СèΪﵽ˽غڡ
̫з֮ʱСèԳ壬ټϱɢǿϢҲûǡ
һ·Ҳƽֱ磬׻ɽﲻʱ򣬲ų⡣


1903 Сè
ҶǱԪ鰢ѵġ
Сèи·ҶʱռʱռڣԳһ硣
ҶСè֮ϵڸһ£һСèҲûа취֪ͨҶġ
Ԫ鰢ΪʱڵĳԭԺɵĹͨ硣
ҶǰԪ鰢ֵһСè鷳ڵһʱ֪ͨҶ档
ڱ֪ͨĵһʱ䣬Ҷ沢ûдǽ͸۲Ρ
ȹ۲ˣŻ
Σ˿ȴЩ죡
Сèǳ⣬һȺ߸Χˡ
ΧСèģȴһȺŮ
ͷһͷ෢ĸŮ
ò˵෢ŮȷʵƯɫĳõݣģüĿҰԣһֱ
ΨһвģŻһЦ֮£Żͻ¶ƾ׺֮
ҶĲǣ෢ŮĸţҲһ߰ݲһŮߣвͬͬǣЩŮһЦ֮£¶ųȾ˵Ļ
иŮ߿еĻȻеĻ
ЩŮߵΪڵڸвͬ
ʱЩŻŮߣǸ෢ŮĴ£סСèȥ·
ȴûκҪֵ˼ڶסСèͬʱһΧСèָָġ
һŮߵЦУǸ෢ŮϣȻ˼ֽߣҶӵˡ
Сè⵽ô£Ҷѯʵ
ϣҲ֪ҲͻȻЩһȻͱǸסˣ֪ҪʲôСè˵
ȱ𼱣Ҫʲôǳ̫磬û֮ǰ˽УҶɲյ̫磬´鷳ȿ˵
Ǽ˼ŮϻѣʲôµģԪ鰢Щ˵
ôû̫磬û뵽ŮˣȻҲ˵˳ˣ뵱꣬Щǣǿ˳۵ľȥܶԷԸԸ⣬ȳɾ˺˵
뵱꣬үҲ㶼С
֮УҶ͵˵˼ʲô˵ǰЩŮߣȫǻһ廯ζ
Ȼ廯֮ʱữЩףٻЩһ±
һԣ֮ͨ»βǿܹǿսĺֶΡ
ǻһŮԣͲһˡ
֮ģ˽֮ǻһŮҲһ
һɫʰ쵵Ļβ䣬Ǹƨ¶ûʲôѡѡȥһŮԣ඼Ὣ
ҪǼ»βĻŮӣҪСĵģǿ׺е׺
ҲԪ鰢Щʱͷĳ෢ŮѾˣλ磬ôƺ
СèСèĬȻ
𰸣Ǹ෢Ůӷǳ⡣
֮У󶼷ǳİ죬죬ǵصȵȣСè֣û
˻üǰ׻³໢Ů໢һĳüռСè硣˵Сèֵʱ򣬻üüͷһ壬֣˵ЩŤ
գ˵˳
ռСè磬һ飬뻢Сè˽Сèҵĳüɺã
ü⼸仰׹һ㡣
Ҷ˸⽹ۣСèҲɵˡ
һ飬˽Ҫü
һУͻȻĲͻȻ
һ£żһŮԳĳ˵ǧȻźҪ޸㣬ʲôо
ʲôоСèھʲôо
Ϊһ壬СèԣȻҲġ
ǣΪһѪԽԽ߹Ļ壬һĻСèǿϵġ
ңСèһֱҶ˻죬ҲܵһӰ졣
˵ʵǰĻüǺСèķ۵ġ
ǣ̫ͻȻˣСèҲǵһ飬һʱ侹Ȼ֪λӦ
ǻüһЦʵĿǰû뵽һܵẦߵĻ庺ӡ
Сè磬ҪûʲôĻ죬ǽͿԳס
˵ţüᲽǰޱȵ§СèĲӡ
ܱߵһŮһĻ׷Ц֮࣬ҲͬʱСè񣬡ҵȼü
ƣҶɵۣСèҲɵˡ
Ҷռڣпɡ
һ̵Сèۣ˲Ϣ޹ģֽ
̣Сèһ⣬ޱȵͻȻ
ҲڻüɲǣŵСèëͻȻը
໣
һХСèǰ͵ر˺Сè˲Ϣʧ
ҶֱĿɿڴ
û뵽֣Ȼġ
СèĻХУüһŮ׷ڵأǻüԼҲе㷢
ֱܵĻСèü֮ɫСèӲģ


1904 £
ǧ֮⣬Сè˵СèЩǱĴ֮
СèΪСèʩչԶݵľ룬Ҳǧڵİǧ
ڣСè࣬Ŀš
ڣĿɿڴҶһȻԪ鰢ȴﱧŶӴЦһҪЦƵģ
ߺιЦˣһŻ޵ļһȻᱻһŵĶӣʩչ츳ֱͨҪЦˣ
뵱꣬Щүǣ·С椣ȫһ飬˵û뵽бܵġ
Ԫ鰢ЦСèǳķ˿ĻХ
ǣԪ鰢һ£ס죬ʵ̫ˡ
ǣҶв
󣡡Сèίĵͺһ
һɲǣһϸϸīɫٱ޾ͳԪ鰢ͷ˲ϢȻֹ
ҲСҶȰ˵£ˣҪȻٱ޾ͲͣԪ鰢ͷֱͷĳȥ
󣬿ӣ֪⵱еԵʣǻĹﻢüΪʲôǿСèʲôˣȻһμҪҶʳһ⡣
ʵܼ򵥣ף֡
֣
Ѫ
嵱УѪʵѪݣѪ۸ߵ͡Ѫ߹壬֮УȻĹ壡
԰ЩŮǣѰһЩѪȽϾԶ߱Ƚϸ߹ͬϡ
ףǸüǿСèһڻѪˡ˵
ǹΪ໢ĳüֱӾ͸Сèһ𣬾ΪѪ߹ĻСҶɻ
һİۣҵĴүǲͬģѪһЩض£ȴǻᷢ仯ġ
ǽ֮ʱɽ֮Ѫ͵һΪΪһѪصԶŻ̫ѪӶλ

Ҷͷǣ֪ڻǳ׻ĵߴѪˣѪô߹𣿡
Ѫһ˵ǳĸӡѪ֮УѪͺ֮֡
ᣬϵѪϵϵѪᣬȴϵļ̳С
ǸüǸ໢ĺᣬȴԲǸ໢ȫѪᣡ̳˳໢һѡ
ңҵļУелѾǳ׻ǳѪˣڵʮԺ
СèĵߴѪᣬ˵ġ
˵һ飬ҶүģСèһｫϢ
ûôĸٳ壬ɶһǳŵ壬㲻һͷС椶µĻ
ͷ֮࣬ҶҲԼ˰Ѫ˵
׻ĺᣬеڣǼǧѪԶǹ̶ġ
ѪŻڷ֮У汲ںѪ֮󣬲һµѪ
ղĴͬΪѪᡣ
ֻоѻ߼̳Ѫ츳ܹ֮ͨΪѪᡣ
Сèǳ׻ᣬѵȴʵʵĳ׻ĵߴѪᡣ
Сèʲô뷨
Щ⣬ҶСè
ôСèͳҶĻ飬սѣǰûзҶ治ܡ
鷢ˣҶܵù¡
Ҳ֪Сèµġ
ҪЦСٱٴ
üǸСèһ𣬶СèûʲôҶʵ
˵ˣǸüСèֵĻǿ϶ǻġҾ鱾ԣüСèûʲôõġ˵

СèϲüĻԺˣԳŽӴһ£
˵ɡСè֧һɻ˹ȥ
Ҳã·ɣ
ҶҲЩЦãҶҲû뵽̫磬һ£׵顣
һСèҶ̫İ׻ɽɽµİ׻ǡ
׻ɽǻĵطڰ׻ǣǻǻͨ޵ĵط
ʵѹ㲻ǳǡ
ҲһģһļУ嶼У嶼ǻߣҶ浹ҲôۣȥҲ֡
һ£ҶóһöѶ
ǰֿʱ˵ع׻ɽǹ̻Ѫ֮еء
ĻӦþܹϵˡ
һöѶϵΧǷԲʮ
ָһ꣬һѶҶָһͣͣͳ˰׻ɽĵش˲Ϣʧ
Ҷϲ
Ѷҵ򣬲ûͣڸ߿У˵ѾӦϵķ
Ҳ˵ڸ
ҶֻҪȴžǡ
ǣʱһȥȴûκλѶҶɫҲѿ
ѵˣ


1905 ʥ
ΪһѶûص£Ҷַ˵ڶѶ˵ٻء
ǣڶѶûκλѶ
Ҷֱ϶ˡ
ҪȻôûûϵˣҶٻصĻ΢еܣҶطѶ
ҶѲǳë®ͷС»ϿԶ϶ˣҶҲû˿Ļҡ
Ȼпܳ£ΣҶҪģȸĿǰ״źþʲô
壬ȻɢϣǺġ
иҵ¡
Ȼ֮ǰҶѧϰڵԣҶѧϰԣײ
ԣҶܹö˵Ҳܽм򵥵Ľ
ǿȴֽܹѧģҶѧϰǿҲҪһ̡
СèڣҲˡ
һڣ˾ͿԶ϶ҶСèǰ׻ɽġ
£ҶСè㶫㽻ףֻߴһͨ鱨С
һڲҶһ£ͱȽˡ
˼һ£Ҷ˸ƧĵطʱռǱ޵ǧ͡˳
ǧ̣ЩһֱҶʱռǱޣǰǰǱ޵ʱѾߴʮˡ
ǧ壬Ϊٶȱ𾸺ʥҪ߰
Ǳ֮ʱѾ۷˵Ϊˣʮȫ̿ޣټҶˮlƵΪĵҩ
ΪٶȣҲһҪܶࡣ
ΪѾߴ۷壬һ㣬ܹͻƵˡ
ϣÿһΪ
Ϊһٶȣ츳ˡԴӦӵ֮УҲˡ
ǧ̵͡ͿԳ֮Ϊ췭ظˡ
ʮǱޣôΪ۷壬سڡ
ΪھʥСèͷԣԶˡ
ҶµУȫ㲻ս֮Уܴ;Ͳˡ
ǣ̫͡ѪЩϵķ£ֵõ˸һļ˵Ǿѡ
Ԫ鰢˵͡һ֧̫ѪȷΪһ塣
һ˵ϹʱڵĴսУѾˡ
ԭܸӣҪԭ򣬻̫ͨǿˣʱܹһսʤ
һѪде츳ͨͨ
ֻͨһͳƣϸ֡
ơ籩ȵȡ
ԭ͡Լѵֻͨһ˼־һ
ҵʱҲš
ǣʮǱټҶֱһ㹩Ӧһĳãôֶͨһͨơ
ͨһ㣬ǷΧȴޱȵӴֻҪΪ㹻ַԲ֮ڡ
һ屻𣬾˵ΪƵ̫̬ͨħ֮֡
ƵͨҶֻһΣ֪ͨɳ
Ȼһαģǿ񵽣Ҷħͳ˧ͱһ塣
һսûʼ·硣
ڶԣ͡¾ѵͨȴòϡ
ǣΪô̫࣬ѪҲ˸࣬ôͨ͡÷ǿ
֮ǰԼԲҵڣȴǷԲʮڵҸ΢
ͨ˵ʱ׵ı仯ԼƲһ˵ĳ
Ҷ׻ɽһڣͨȻѰϢ÷
ûȷĿ£Ҫõ鱨ҲǺ׵ġ
һ·߱Сʱ󣬴͡¶ε飬ϣ׻ɽźǿڽ֮Уʲô
ңʱһûй˵Ϣ
ûʲô𣿡ҶЩʧ
ȴһϢá
˵
һЩ˵̸УһϢилĶ棬Ϊ丸޻ʥµһ˧ԭ򣬶ڻڲϢΪͨһЩϢȡ죬ֺֻܺڣҪۡ˵
ֺڣҪۣϢ޻ʥµĵһ˧鱨ĿŶȣӦúܸߡ
֪𣿡Ҷ˾
Ǹ򡣡͡˵
·
ڵĵλʵ֣ҪԲΪΪ򣬶ҪΡ
Σ֮Уʺϲط塣
ǣ˲μΪ֮⣬廹һЩԼĻ֣ԴֵλΪ
ֻߵĻ֣ͱȽϻˣôϽ
ܵ˵ǿĴڣ֮Ϊۡ
彫۳֮Ϊ񣬵ڲû˵ֻһ˵
ڲĿǰͳλģǰ׻ۡ
ڲڲʵλݱ뿿ʵȡ
ֻгΪĸ֣ͻƵ컯ܹΪۡ
£ˡ
۵ĸ۹࣬ǻȽϼе塣
ΪǵΪսס
֮еĵܹʸΪ
࣬Щ޷ɱ۷ΪǿߣͨΪʥ
֮УֻΪͻƵʸԳƴʥ
񾸺ʥ˸Գƴʥʱͱ˳Ц֪ߵغ񣬾ԭ
ͨ£һ£ʥеơ
׻ǻĴǴͳµСˣʥСµĲͷˡ
ЩʥͳĻʯ
ʥ֮£ͼˣĴͨΪ˧֮Ϊͨ񾳵֮ΪС
֮ͨ£ͳͳġ
һ£һ£дʥʮҡ
ǲһЩʥҲЩǿ
޻ʥǺڻµһʥ޻ʥµĵһ˧ĵλĳЩʱ䣬͸߹˸Ӵʥ
Ǹܹ֪ڲ鱨ҲͲΪˡ
Ҷһһ·ǰȥѰһʱ򣬵õ鱨
ҶǶԻһ˽⡣
ˣҶĿǰԻ˽⣬Ҳֻǳ
Ϊɣ̫̫ˡ
ǰ׻ɽĻ壬вǻ壬кö໢ĴǸӹ塣
è塢嶼ǻĴ壬вû۵Ĳ壬ǻްĸӹ塣
Բİ׻ɽֻǻ͸ӹҪס֮һ
ǣ׻ɽǻеĸ߲;ӢеҪۼء
Ҳ̫У屣㹻ռ̫ʮ֮һĵ̡
ǧ̣һ̸ɣǰ̫磬죬ٿû⡣Ҷ潻
ǧ̵ңһ֮ͨУȴͬԨԴԵŻＡ˻һ
ʦģ
Ҷһһĳҵġ
Ҷ˵ʱ򣬻Ѫ۾һţȴˣһ˸⡣
˸ⲻ˵ġ
ʲôģ
үҪģͻؼɽ˧Ū㱦ģȥҶĵʯġһӾĶˣͲԸˡ
ȻĿڣĵˮƹ񣬾ȿЦү£ѾʮƷʯˣ߶ˡϸ»ǷƷʯûء
ٸ裬ҷɱҲɣߣȥҶ̸
һûӵĻֱˣ˺ᣬԼһڣүֵֵֻ֣ʮƷʯ
һĶͽͬʱתͷֱӲΪȻıԣŪż뷭Ļ漱ֱš
ǵţһظȥŪ㣬ǿһߡ
˵꣬һҪظȡʯģǣڼɽ˧һʯò
ͽȥˣϵ͵͵һ֮⣬ȫҶǷһķء
ת˼Ŀ⣬ͻȻһֱҶһϣͻһ
ǡҵģɻ
Щ£һүǧҲ߹˽ģںܴ󷽡
ӳ˳飬ζЦ壿ţһСһ飬û⡣
ǣүҿۿǺܸߵġ
ֻҪܹ飬ʯ⡣
ǧ̵Ĵ󷽣û濪ЦߣҸ˵ĵط̸
ǵţүһɱǸƬײ
һͽ׷¶ζЦݣףǻҪ׷ͷˡ
ͷԻǲģ֪׷ͷҪһƧһĵطԷ˻˺¡
˵ɣ֪ʲôүҰ鱨ֵǿۡһʣһһСèⲻһֻɣ׹֣
ǧûлش𻢿棬ֱʵ֪֪ڵ
۾תţָͷ֪⣬ش⣬һƷʯ


1906 
һƷʯ룬ǧ̿ŵĴ̫ĵͷҿĺܡƽһ鱨ʮƷʯͲˣһٿƷʯˣ㻹һ飿
Ŀ˸һ£˵ûļ۸ҲǰٰʮƷʯǣǴ鱨һ
ҲµûǴֹҪһĽɣ
Ҳǣڰ׻ɽأ֪ˣ٣֪ˣҲв١
ǣһϢ֪˾ȿˡ
ò˵⻢滹мҵͷԵģ̶̼仰Ҫ㡣
Щò׼עǧ̣ѯʵĿ⿴Ҷ档
˵ɣҶ׳һƷʯ
Ҷ淽Ž˵֣ϾͿȷĴ϶ã㲻ҲԺòȥ
ĺãңľҶģǧ̴ͷҲѾȷߵݡ
ˬ죡
һ˿ϲɫ
ǸԼǰ˾ǰ׻ɽģѪܲ˵ߴڵֱϵѪᣬͨҲѾѣֻΪܵ΢
ʱĺڻ£Ȼһֱ
Ϊ΢ԭӹòô⣬һƢֳӲ
ڣ˵Ǳˡ˵
ˣΪʲôҶ׷ʵ
һˣҸˣ׻ɽڣҲû˸ᡣ涢Ҷ˵
Ѿҳ˵ߣҶҲ£ֱ˵۰ɣһ򣿡
ͣȴǹҶָСè˵
ҵֵܣ
ֵܣ𰸣û⣬ҵĹ۲죬ɲ˰ɣ
壬ֵܲѪԵģиϵģܹͬߣֵܡҶ
ޡ
˼ĳӦһٴҶָͷ⣬شȽϸӣҲȽأӦش𡣡
Ʒʯ
˵ͷĴһָ
ڻԭ˵硣Ҫˣ˸Ĵ𰸣ƢֳӲ˺ڻ
Ҫ㣬Ǵģڻɲʲô˶ܹġ
ԭΪ˺ڻĵӣƴʥ
ҲѪڣܺڻأЩΪ٣ΪĳЩذƴʥֻǽҪȻɱġ˵
Ϊʲô˺ƴʥҶʵ
⣬Ҿ޷شˡ׻ɽ˺ƴʥ֮⣬ܹ֪˵
ҶüͷܴҼ𣿡
ԣҡҡͷܣ
£˵¹غƴʥ˽£֮ǰϲһ˧ȥ飬Ҳƴʥ˳
Ҷüͷĸˡ
˵ʵ֮УҶϵǳ̸йϵ
ǣҶ˳ֶԸʱȴޱȵȫȵӡ
飬Ҷ֪ˣҲ˵ȥ
ҪǲҶպҲûǡ
ܹҹĵطԼȥ취Ҷ˵
û⣬Ȼ롣ٴָͷ
û⡣Ҷ˵ͷ
̵ʱ䣬Ҷһݼ׵ͼҶ棬ϱ˹ѺĻελá
Ȼ󣬻ʹһָĵã׽ʯɡ
졣Ҷ潫Ʒʯ˹ȥ
Ȼ鱨ѾˣڲƴֵҶԣ̵ʱõ鱨Ѿˡ
ЦŽӹҶݵĴָһۣɫ䣬͵ؽеĴָˤҶǰ
ôʯǴ򷢽лأ۸٣
һ֣µĴָͱģһ£ҶüƷʯû
Ҳڴ˿̣ʹһڣһ̬ĻͶش˷˹
ϢϢȻˣʣΧĪĵඣ
ʱϰٻλεĻèͽҶһΧ
ҶԹţ档
ʱҶ滹ܲף⻢濴ǳִ󷽣һЩ˼
£ûõġ
Ҷ滺˵µĴֱָֹǧ̣˵Ҫ٣
үһ򹫵ֻۣۣͯҪǰ֮ǰԼļ۸񸶿Ҿͺ顣˵
Լļ۸񣿡
һƷʯܹƷʯ𣿡Ҷ浹Щˡ
ԣ涸صɴ۾ʲôʱ˵һƷʯĿۣ㿴ûÿҶָͷ
ߣһָͷʹʮƷʯһǾʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯǵĽ׾ˡ
˵ǧ̴һҶ棬ҲĲᡣ
ʨӴ󿪿ڵģûʨӴ󿪿ڵġ
ʮƷʯڴܣ󲿷ֿһҲղʮƷʯ
Ǹҿ۰浱Ƿ򰡣
ûУǵԼļ밡ʵڲУȥΰĻͳȥϸ氡
Ҹ˵ҪǲʮƷʯ㲻ȥ棬ҲҪȥͳġ
˵ٺһЦһ֣ʹһùһ򣬡֤ģʱɽ֤ǰ㲻ҪʮƷʯҪܷ
ͳǿʲΪôзģʵ
һԵһèǰЦǿʵģһٻٿɰʱ⡣
Ȼǽ׶ܽգܽٺ٣ȥǻĿɽڿһɶһƷʯ飬һٰʮ꣬ٵˣ
Ż֪ʲô֤ɽɣҶٺһЦһ֣еͻһƬĻ
Ļ֮УҶ淽뻢潻ʱ龰һһ֡
Ӱ
ǣӰȴûκ֡
ﶯޱȵ
ǻÿһָͷȻĶǳĿ
ҶͷĶҲûκ
Ҷɫ˲Ϣͱѿޱȡ
ֲãҶ֮ǰأ棬Ϊʲôָͷԭд㡣
ָͷ黹Ƕʮ飬ȫɻ˵㡣
ӣһ߷ֶΣƵӰ򣬾׼
ȥһûӰ֤ĵ̣ԻݣǸͳôУƨɻıߣ
϶ǻƫ򻢿ߡ
ʱǿɲ˵ġ
Ȼ˵ûȫõǸͳ֧֣һİ˶ԣʵǶĲҲ䲻
ǻĵ̡
棬׼˵
£ֻҪԽģ췴Ʋ֡
Ĵ䣬û뵽鱨ĵطȻҶôһ鷳
ҶѿɫЦôҪǸĻүھʹȥͳϸ棡
Ҷ治ڣӵĵ⣬˵ˣ£㲻棬ҲҪȥģ
ʱһٰʮƷʯķǽˣ
˵װһȵģүҲǻ콭ģҪһ·ġ
ʮƷʯٽֻСϻ͸£ȥˡ
˵꣬ѾԶҶһ˵Ļ棬һ̰ޱȵΧСèת
ҶĿһǳִ󷽡
⻢һʼʹСè⡣
ֲôӿʼڣһֱĴСèѯСèйص⣬ԭһֱͼıСè
ôǺûүҵģ޵ģΧСèתͬʱߴ
ҶǶظһ˿ҪҵСè
ûЦĵͷ
ޣ
㣬Ҳ䣡
ҶһЦһĭʱͽ漤ŭˡ
үĵؽϣţΪүģֵǣȥ뻢ֵܹ˵£
ҾͲˣǻĵؽϣһˣ۸ǻ岻ɡ
⻢棬ƺŹˣҲûǵĵϣ˸ҳ֣ԣѹû
ҲڻŵָֻŵʱҶ΢΢һڻСè
Ȼ䷢һǵĻХ͵һˡ
ͽ˵˻צ֮£Ѫ뻢ĲӣֻаңȵϢŵĻ۴
𶯣
Ҫɱң
ɱ㣬Ҳˣ
ҪǸɱң޷߳׻ɽ
Χһʱ󻩣ҪǰȴСèһХסˡ
˭˵ҪɱˣҶ¶һı飬ǰеΪ֤Ӱȡ˫ָһ꣬ͱ˷顣
ڣʣǴˣӦ֪ôشɣһ˵ҶһȡһӰ


1907 Ѫ
ǴˣûھĻҹ󣬻Ѹ
֪Ҫô㣬Ҫ㣬ûõģ
֤⣬ûУûУڽĸı䣬Ĳ֮Ūô֤ݣֻΪ˱һЩҪ鷳
ģһϣҪʰ㣬û֤ݣĲ󣡡
ҪʶĻĻϷүңٹԹԵóʮƷʯֻҡ
Ҹұ֤ǼԼ̫һɭȻ
Ҽõ̫ҵ£֤ûãҲҵ£ڣΨһҪģң
𣿡
ҶһСèѪڣİԴ˽ȥûٴξֵĴ
Ҿҿܻ죬Ҳ֮ǰɵ𣿡
ݿڹȴһϣҶɭȻ䣬ҪģȴСèѪڡ
һɲǣʹϣһûõĶǣ
ܺã
֮ǰԼϢļǶ٣
һƷʯ
㻢Ѫģ
⡭

СèѪٴθ˹ȥ
ŵĲĻ棬ٴ˳ӵҶ˼ѪѪġ
ҲͰϢĹҶʹӻ̵һݿڹ
ݿڹã̫ܲ󣬵ǣҶ滹Ҫ̫ˣɲһ̫磬ͳΪͨ
ˣҲףǿֵСèһ㣬ΪʲôһҪмСèأ¿ڹ֮Ҷɻĵط
Ҷ治ףż˵һ棬ΪʲôͽСèϡ
£˵
ʲôҶʵ
һѪޱȵżмͻһѪΪҲʹ޵ĳ̶ȡ
ǰһѪȴǳͻʵĵѪүŪȥоһܲҵʲôݾ
˵ļ򵥣Ҳĵʵ뷨νĽݾʵһͻѪĽݾ
ԣƣѪˡ
壬Ȼ˵Щǹ壬ЩȴԲ
ǣײ㣬һɲġ
ֻҪ㹻ŬһʵһܹýϲĻᡣ
岻һ
Ľײ㣬ġ
ȻܹͻƱѪ壬Ҳһ۰צǣУЩܹͻѪͻҲޣܹһͶˡ
Сèģȴޱȵĺ
һ㣬ڻУСèܹڵѪ̶ȣһɱצ塣
ȻȻľ˲һ뷨ѪĿǰĻϣܹһΣٶȲ죬ʵǿ
ò˶ãĵλͻᳬϵŲɽ˧
˵⻰ʱҲû룬Ҷһ壬϶룬ټ֮ǰţҲ˵˳
ǣȴû
Ҷ仰ʱҶѾɭޱȡ
ڰ׻ɽŵ£˷໢˿ţҶᣬ˵Ѿնɱ档
޷֣ҶѾ˱ɱС
˵һ㣬Ҷʵһֱûôע⡣
СèѪȷʵܵͣڵѪ𣬾ӥҼһĲ
֮˴ı仯Ŭ˵Ƿǳ޴ġ
ңСèĿǰı仯һۺԵĽ
ιʳҺСèԭ򣬺СèٵͻƣȻԦŵѪ֮ʳĵر
󣬳ֹṩ˺׻ֱϵ׻޵Ѫڻĺǡ
мдܻղصѪĵر
ܻҵղذǿɲ˵ġ
ڣܻҵڣǵһ
̷֮ԺƣҶԼһ£Сèʳٳʮš
ʮҶ治֪컯ûֱʣųɾŵĵǿߣûֱʵġ
ϾǿߣǷõһиʮžͲˡ
ʮţˡ
⵱УСèԼ͵־
һۺĽ
ظһ飬Ҳһ
ңǽҶظһ飬ҶҲûǸ
ڣˣȴСèѪ仯
Щʱ˵ʵûŵġ
Ҷ㽫СèϷһж˵ȥҲûš
ǸԸԼǸԸȥоСèСèԱʳ
ĻϢȥԻСèֵ֮ġ
˶ѪȹԱȨ׷˶ԽǮ׷Ҫʮ֮
Ǿ֢֮ͻȻһܹȥĿܣǾԻΪ֮ġ
Ҷɲ뽫ַΡ
ԣô˵Ҷ˲Ϣɱ⡣
ڣҶ滹ܶ֡
ҵǣȻܱϰΧţҶ֮ǰȴǿһ磬Ļûȥ
ǻ氵л֪ͬͨˣҶո֮кشɱڵĻ
һӻβ߸ɱĻһͳĴ£Զֱ
״ЦǻͳˣСӣ鷳ˣ


1908 ư
ǻͳˣСӣ鷳ˣĴЦ
СӣϷңԹԵĽеĶȫүһԿһ
飡
ҶһźڻɲΪΣʵͬʱҲ̳ĳЩ㡣
ɲ
ʱ˾Ϻһǵͨ죬ָҶ棬ͳĴģ˵һ
ոսӵѶһӻϹĻͳ컢һĻʱͶϺ
Ȼһˣ󵨣
˲ϢĹ򣬽ֵĻͳ컢ʹһӻҶһŰΧ
ǻʱ򣬻һ˿֮ɫ
ͷ׻ɽ⣬˲֪˲
ɵ飬ҲԶǻǱߵĳ͡
Сֻ۸ˣһ£屾Ż̵ĴͳԣһǺάԼ˵ġ
ĵһʱ䣬ͳ컢ͽԼƨᵽ˻ߡ
Сèڷ֮ǰ֮ҶѾСèȫϢͬʱð̫Сèأñٴע⵽ϡ
޹Źһˣô£ʵ
ոսĻ棬뿪˵ҶҪһţɲܹܵģʹ˵
ҶҲʱͽľ˵һ顣
Ҷ龭ʱ򣬻Ҳڻָˡ
ŭɶĻָҶͳˣСƭ㣡ǿʲ˵вңͳ˸Ϲˡ
һҶ棬֤ݣ
ĿڹҶ˵
ͳˣвҵõĿڹ֤ڳĻˣ֤
ͳˣǶΪү֤Χ֤һڻˣ׷׿ڡ
ͳˣʵڣǷʮƷʯ˰һɷۺ𣡡
˵ţͳҶЦԾƳԷƣڣڵģ
֮ǰ֮Բ뾪Ϊһһ棬¾͵ù׳ȥ
ͳ컢ҡҡͷָͷҶȵѽȼ̣׽õӪ䣡
ԣЦĸˡ
ֻǣµڣҲûҶϣһ˿һĵġ
ҲڻɲǣҶһԵǧѾָմСӣ㻹ҪϷʲôʱŲ֮һͨ
ڿռ֮е͵һĴе˳
Сӣ
֮У֮⣬Ҳֻǧ̻ˡ
צ˧
һϸＣͳ컢ɫһ䣬ңңĹ˹֣壬ȴ¶֮ɫ
Щĸӹ͵ͽ׻ͳͳһء
棬Ҳò֣صＹ񣬡μצ˧
ҶЩ⡣
̫磬ǧϵͷߡ
ҶҲ֪ս֮󣬾ͻƵ˽лĲ
û뵽Ȼ쵽˧
֮УֻʵĽ壬ܹ˧
Ҳࡣ
ȻҶ֣֮ʵȴһ㶼ʱԽսʤߵս
ͻ֮ʵȻ
ڲʿ֧֣Ҷһ֤ݣôҲԲ˿ȥ
Ҷƶڡ
ＸҶ⣬иࡣ
㣡
［ߵ˻ǰǷ񣬶ûڣӱˣ˧ܲţǣ㾹ȻҸǣֱӿҸǣ浱ҲҶ㣿
ž
˵ţһƾͺ˻ϣֱӽˡ
ͳ컢ȴתͷֻûһĻ
廤̣ݲ۸塣
ǣΪ֮Ļ壬Լ۸Լˣȴûʲô⡣
֮ڣһ췢ĶŹĿҪҪܣӾûˡ
㡭
һŭЩ꣬޻ʥµһ˧ϵ磬Ǻˣ飬ϵɹû˸ɹ
ž
һŭ＾һƺȥ
ʲô㣬Ųɽ˧ҲΪһʲô
Ųɽ˧Ϊһң
㲻ΪŲɽ˧ʮǰɣϷʵЦ
˲Ϣ䣬ͷ亹͹ˡ
˵ʲô
ҪȻҲὫ򵽿ԽѪСèϡ
Ϊһֵ֮ܽУ̫ƽˣԼѪ
ǣǼ̣ǿ㣿
ǣ
ž
˳ڻϺһƣһǣֱûѪ
ǣ㻹ҿҸǣǾı˧۸Ǿı˧ɱˣŭ߳
㻹治ˣ
ž
һƣ
涼Ҫ޳ˡ
צ˧ͷ⼸꣬ڻ̫ˣＵϵִѽƱһ峤ѽƱһʥɲΪǿޱȵ֮ʲô
ɽ죬ᵽＵǿƣ
ȴ˵еĸǿƣ
Ҵˣ˧Ϣŭһλᣡ˵ţ͸ɴĽ֮ǰյеĴָȫӻҶ档
ŵͷȴŭĻ棬ٴҡҡͷ
ǰɵȱŻΪ鷳
ⲻ֪ʵ＾һ
ҶĿֲ˲֪＿ĺܡ
ҶܹͨصΪպ鱦ΪߴصＡ
̶̼겻ҶΪѾߴ۷壬ϢȴҲˡ
һĪԲλĸо
Ｒ֪Ҷжǿ＿Կ϶ĿǰصΪ±֮ǰѾսɾԸɲҶ棡
滢棬ҶҪɱĸưûʲô
ɣ
ɴĻ棬ǸĿ޹뿪ˡ
뿪ʱ򣬻Ŀ⣬ٴδСèɨ
Ҷеĺ⣬˲ʢ


1909 
Ŀǰеߣ˽˾ףѧ񲻾ٹٲ֡
Ȼ涼ˣǻͳ컢Ｔһк֮󣬾ʹ뿪ˡ
ΪһĹٶһʵǿٶԪΪİ׻ɽڣŶʮլ
סլԸߴΪ
ＴҶ˵ִլ仹㾫£ԺӾͷǳˣʮԺӣЧĺõİ׻ɽһܹŪġ
֮ŪôԺӣҪʱδڵģżҲԻ壬֮ġ
֮ڻ˰ԵＵ˵Ҳԭġ
Ϊ̫İ֮һ͸ӹġ
бǻĴ塣
ԭ̫ʱڣҲǶģ̫Ŵս֮ʱӻ۾ͳ׵ˡ
ڴֱ֮Ϲʱڣûгһλۡ
̫磬ûӻܶ࣬ǱȴС
뻢ս壬ʧ˱۵ıӻ֮󣬾ͱӵ۵⡣
˭һڼ沢սǿı壬˭뱪塣
ʱͷˣһǵĴʥǳʶ˱״
Ļ·̵ʱһλ۴
ҷԲʱȴԼ۵ĵյĽǱ屻ڵİɱ
գѡĻ壬Ͷ˰׻ۡ
ԭڻڣλڴλıʥ˧ĵλ϶绢Ĵʥ˧
ǣ׻۵Σȴñʥĵλʥĵλࡣ
һߣЩʹʥײҵﱪʹʥ
мԭ򣬻ΪڲȨƶ
Ŀǰֻһλۣȴźüλ
ǼλŽۡҲ컯Ŀԡ
һĳλ컯Ǿεİ׻۷ͥضΣʱ򣬾ⲻѪͻ
Ǳ岻һ
ʹʥУпܽ컯Ŀԣڰ׻ƿ£ǳĵ͡
һڻʹʥ׻Ȼϸα塣
ҾһһλۣҲ޷Ͱ׻ͳȨġ
෴ģһֻֿۣܣҪ췴
һ컯ôͻٻȫ淴ˣ徭ôϢΪԴϵԭʵ֮һûС
ϻᱻ壬ûж
ҪǼڰ׻ۣʵ
ԣϴķ棬嶼ҪͬʥֵΡ
ҲΣսǿ壬ͳ˰׻۵׾
ڵѽƱһ壬Ҳǰ׻۵׾
ҲΪϵڻ֮УЩʥвʥ˺
Ҫֵ׻ǰ϶Ҫܵѵ⣬գ϶ǻĴʥܵʵԵĳͷһ㣬漰׻۵׾¡
ＵĸףѽƱĴʥǰ׻۵һ֧׾ͳ˧Լ֧׾˧
ңҲǿʵ˵ġ
£ڻ֮ںߣͲϡˡ
ＴϽ⸴ӵĹϵҶƲƲ죬Ҫ֪Сڻ֮пԺߣǾֱ̽Ϣˣôһ
Ҷ֣⻰˵ˡ
ô
ڻڣҿ׾˧ݺǴʥϵȷʵԺߣǣ̽鱨һ£㻹ָңһĵͷߡ
ΪʲôҶԼԼѾ뵽˴𰸡
Ϊ۱µȷıǱ壬ʵǶģ̽һЩ޹ؽҪ鱨ԣΪڲһ鱨Ƕ޷õֺ
ԭˣ
Ҷͷ֮࣬ǰ˴գ˵Ҷ֣ҳ鷳ǲǷһ飿
ǷǸ飬ǲǾͿԻˡָţЩ˵Ƿо治á
Ҷ޵̨ϴսҶɱУΪȴû뵽ҶƴԼ˱ǿջصɣһ
ＵʱϱʾǷҶһ
أҶЦ
ＵһʱͿҲôһ˵Ҳǡ
˵㲢Ƿ顣ҶＵĻǸ飬ѾõˣӦǷһ顣
ɵҶõ飬ＰѰҲµ䡣
ԣＵɫ࣬ǣôãһûҵҪҵǸµй
ǼҾඡסˣҽ죬Ƿһ飡Ҷ˵
ҡＵɫȴǸˡ
ȾƣҴӴܴĹ͢ƣҶĿһ̳Ƶ⣬ƮɲǣＵı鶯
ȻҲЩþƣ·ϣİƥҲϲ塣
Ȼ˵Ҳóף˵ǴܵĹ͢ƣһƣӴܷ˹۸ҲΪۡ
ĺһٶܼҵĻſӺȴӴܽڹƣȴû⡣
¶ǣ＾ͱüɫ
Ҷ֣̫ƻˣǷһ飬һǷһ飬ɶʱҲǸ£ͻϰ
ҶЦЦû˵ֻǾ˾еľ룬ˣ
ˣ
̶һʱľ̳ͳ˶ʮҶľ̳Ҳа˸ˡ
Ϊ˵ãĿ£Ҳ
㱼䣬ＸоǰҶӰƺصζһ£־Ҷ棬˿û⣬ˬĴɣ
ˮУҶѾϢĶݳＵĺլ


1910 ±Ӽ
Ҷ֮ʱݳĿġ
ĿѾҶΪɱĻ档
Сè죬ѾҶĵߺۣ
Ȼ˵ѾＸ߳ˣҶһ˷һܹԼ߽׵Ŀ֮ǲġ
ǻĶ棬Ϊǿܹõȴǳǿ
һãͿܴ
ʱҶɱģֱڣҶл
ڻĿǰλãҶԣ¡
ӻ뿪ʱҶôŻĶ
ԴֻͨҪû뿪Բʮ͡׷ٵ
Ϊһ棬ǻ׻ڵķ֮ظӵһŵģҪȻôڰ׻˻졣
Ȼɵľ׷ٵ˻λãҵΪֹǸص֮ۡ󣬲û뿪լԺ
ʩչݶص׵Ҷ棬ͷٵŻľסլԺӽơ
Ȼ޷ͼָֻҶµķ򣬵ǴȴܹͨͨʵʱĽ͵ҶĶڣҶ
ӣҶ͵ִ˻ڰ׻ɽլԺ
լԺλãＵլԺλãԼ͵λ϶ԣＵĺլҪԽһ㡣
Ϊ׾ı壬Ȼǿһ㣬ǣеԴϣ޷ȵġ
Ϊ׻ɽǰ׻פϵĵط׻ɽȫǻ߻ԣЩһԸլԺİȫŵĺܿ
񻢿լԺֻһʾľ䷨󣬵ص׾Ȼûκη󷨣ֱǲ
صڳҶ涼ȥ磬˵ⲻլԺġ
˳Ľ뻢լԺصףҶתһȦլԺ龰һĿȻ
һŵСˣһ͸ӦģɫϺõŮ
ЩϻһϿȷ⼸λȫ
֮⣬ֻлˡ
Ҷִʱ򣬻ոӭһλˣ۽鷿
ҶҲżߺٶ֣Ҳ
˼仰Ҷɫͱˡ
ΣգҶеĻҪҲҶжʱҪȻ鷳ɾĴˡ
߸磬һѪޱȵȻܹһ·ͻѪΪߴغڣ壬쵱˧ҲǶɵ
ңһХ֮£ȻһڻȻ壬ڣҲһХ֮е̺Ļ
ǽվ޻һʮѪѪ࣬ǲʮǧﰡȴȴܹӰ쵽ҡ
϶һܹɵģʮа˾ţֻߵǸҶ棬һѪ׵ط
ֵܣҲԽ˴ѪֻҪõطܹǵѪӵʮѪ׵ʮһǵʮѪᣬպֵŪʥҲǲԡ濴߸绢ɽһڴ
֮߸绢ɽԭ߸Ϊʵǿ˵
ŽصΪ˵Ųɽ˧µһһʵܽԶõֺܶ࣬ŶҶʵ
Ҫǣɽһĸͬ˹ϵ飬ѹ»ɽºԳɹ
ģ
˵ĻɽǳĶģ˵ʵԣʾɡ
Ͼֵܣ˵Ȼ㿿ףȴǿš
һֵ飬ܹ˵ʮ֡
߸磬˵ȫģһӰԼ˵
ŻóһСèκϢСèʱӰ򣬻ɽͫ͵һһͻѪ⾹Ȼģ
߸磬ֵܣǾԲƭģ
ô˵ɣõطܹԼʵطǿһľӢ
ʱ򣬱˵ǴʥҲǵáУϣ֮ɫ
ɽУ˿ϲֵ˵ûطļֵ̫ˡ
ǵõĻǼֱ
һĿǰǵʵΣɽæ׷ȻѾ˾
ڰ׻ɽȴЩǣ
˵ʱ򣬻ɽ뻢ֵܣüͷͬʱһ裬һʹߣͬʱͷɲǣͿȻӵص˳ʱݺݵǵȲҪѨ

ǷŭĴŻХŭ𣬻뻢ɽֵͬʱ
ҲڴʱһӰӵص͵سɫĽ⣬֯һƬӰΪߴصĻɽ
ʲôˣͷ¶βģӹɽһȭʱȭӰǽ֯µĽ⡣
һɲǣɽͫ͵һͱþޱȡ
鱦
ɽľУɫĽ·жһ㴩ȭӰϬޱȵĽ⣬ͽ֯Ŵӻɽ͸
ɽĿ⣬˲Ϣôޱȡ
УɽһãԳ˻վ޻ԭΣҲͬһʱ䣬峤ǧ׵Ľվ޻˲ϢͱĻʬ顣
ѪὦУɽʬмų
ݳĻɽ꣬ȴɫסĵܻܵҲ˲ˣһӶݡ
ҲһɲǣһССѪӭһչֲޱȵɽͲҽűɽҶսѪ֮С
նɱɽ䣬ոձӵصĻ棬ûӦʱ򣬾ͿԼ׸类ɱˡ
֡
СĿǰڵΪסΪصĻ棬練ƣ
תԼʱʧ㣿
֪ʲô𣿡
ɱˡǡǾ޷š
Ļ棬Ҷͷһᣬֵȥ˼ͷһ㻢ɽ⡣
ⲻѾɱ𣿡
㡭
ֱ棬˵ˡ
ǿҵû汾
Ҫɱң
ˣҪɱңҴˣҲˣ
֪ˡҪɱҡʱҪٲҶΪʲôҪɱǴˡ
±ӼˣЩͷǧ𶯣ɱ֮ģ
Ҷ滰صɲǣڻϵǧе÷Ԫͬʱһһ˲ϢĹ򣬾ͱС
һԱޱȵ̬ǹһ㣬ֱ˻ǣֱӽ˳
ڻͷսѪ⻪һҽжûзҶսѪˡ
ˣ
ʱصǳˮȴһ㣬ޱȵȫҶڡ
ָᵯɳɲǣҶһΣʩչݶ˵صף˲ϢԶȥ
ͬʱԺڵŮСˣޱȵļĻ⣬˲Ϣӳ׻ɽ
Ҳӳճ·صӰ


1911 ڻ
ҶصＵĺլеʱ򣬺ȵͨＣͬǧ̺ҶĻƴơ
ɵܴ֮Ȼת̫ޣͼ׷Ҷ棬ȻĻҶ棬һԼĽ
ǣٴμҶ棬ȴＵİġ
⼸һ·ޣΪ쭵˽أٶȲν졣
Ҷأͬʱ䣬ȴͨؿ쭵۷塣
ӽ󾳽簡
ҪȴҶָɽֹĸо
˵صΪӦҶ濴һָɽֹĸо
ʵȴǣҶһָɽֹĸо
·Ҷΰİ׻ɽɽµһʯͷ
ۼȻＲԸţǲòϣҶʵĸ
Ҷ棬һԼĽϲ̫ˡ
һôŬľͳ˾ˮ£＾ЩƣɴŻᣬ
Ҳ˳ǧɡ
ͬǧ̸ɱʱҶϢĹλڡ
ˣ
ҲڴʱＵһ³˽Զ＾ɫ䡣
һתŨŨľʹɢ֮Ｕɫͱ
Ҷ֣ǧ̣˵£ʧƬ̣
׻ɽڳɱΪ׻۵׾죬˽һҲǱҪġ
Ϣ֮󣬵ＵִﻢסլʱլԺڣѾ˴ССϰλͷ
ʶ˧ͳʮλ
ʮλ˧֮УһѪģԴޱȱݵŲɽ˧壬עĿ
ͳ컢ʱҲڳһڸŷ
ֳμ׵ʱ伫̣ܻʱڣ͸ɵػɽ۷Ļ޷ʾ
ϿԶ϶ֵΪߡãҲǽ۷벽Ĵڡ
пǵʥһĸ֡
ң¸ɾ䣬ֵûκõжϵ
ȥ׻ڸûĽػǵĸ֣İˡ
⣬ϵ黢ɽ뻢ֵǷ˽Թǽػǵĸ֡
´Ż幰ֵŲɽ˧㿴ⰲţ㻹ûʲôҪģ
ͻͳˡŻɽԴĻ壬ʱûκθ飬ֻϤŲɽ˧˲֪ʱѾŭ˼㡣
Ȼǿڶ࣬һʧȥӣҲǱʹޱȵ顣
Իԣ챻ɱӣ棬ʵѾˣӲѧֺöĳԣҲͷˡ
ǻɽȴļӵУ츳ƷõĶӣû֮һ
ʤĿԡ
ⱲҪͻƵϣ󣬵ӻɽȴһֱ
ٶ꣬ѾǽˣԪԣ˵ܹһλʥ
ʱһͿԳһλʥˡ
ԸļгһλʥһֱǻԸͻıʣȴûϣˡ
ǶΪ˧ļ־£ᶼŭķˡ
ڻʼ¡Ѿ˽ǰԭίＣ첽뿪ɱֳٶȣתԼĺլ
ǧ̵̷¾µҶ棬ͻغȵǲɵģ
ʲô
ʲôҸɵģָʲô
֪˵ʲôһ⡣
Ҷüͷһ壬һǲס
ִһ磬汻ɱˣһͬɱģĸ绢ɽǲɵģ
ƻû֮ǰһֱȾ𣿡Ҷ޹
ΪҶһ仰ӦＣ˲Ŀࡣ
ǰҶһֱȾƣ֡
ǣȴһָоǼ¾Ҷɵġ
ڸɵһλսһλ۷Ļ棬Ѷ
飬ǰ벽Ҳ
ȴȻΪҶ
ɱˣð
ǻ·ʽ˸ɵǳ飡ϴɵҶ棬һʡ
ԺˡＵͺһҶ֣⼸׻ǲ̫ǧ£òҪҪ£ͱҵ֣ϵҡ
İɣ
뿪Ҷһɡ
Ӧ֤鰸Ļ鵽ϣҲǲ鲻κο
ҶҲ̫ġ
Ҷ㣬ҵ״Ȼ뿪Ƿ֮ء
Ŀǰ䣬ǱڻӺƴʥؽ˺ڻ֮С
Ҷô͡˰죬ҲûйغڻεƬֻ
ҶƵǣΪɱ˻뻢ɽֵܣǰ׻ǻǰ׻ɽڽϣϲˡ
Ҷǧˣ֮ز飬ǳ鷳޷ȥˡ
ԵģҶһ취
ԣؽ˺ڻ֮Уڻξڰ׻İ׻ɽɽ֮С
һƬط˵󲻴˵ССҲͷԲǧѡ
ҶǶйȥõ̺ʽǺҵġ
ϾֵطǷǳԵġ
ֻҪҵ˺ڻΣܹҵҲܹ״ˡ
ڣҶＵĺլһˣСʩչݣڰ׻ɽɽ
׻ɽϣ˧ľҶҲСġ
ҶƵ鷢ˡ
ʱڣҶ潫ָһƬλ̺ʽһ飬˵Σûз֡
ҶΧܱﶼ˸飬ûзǸνĺڻΡ
֮£ҶֻＡ
ڻֵطӦ֪
Ҷ֮ȷʵõ˴𰸣Ǵ𰸣ȴҶûˡ
ڻΰȷʵôһطǻУһɺڻɷֽкڻΡ
ڻģΪʲôұ˸ҲأҶʵ
ҵõŹأＷһİۣڻһѺͳͷﷸĵطΪ˷ڻһȱСɣԳһ磬׻ɽ֮УֻһڣȻҲġ
Գһ硭
Ҷ泹ˡ
ֲҲڻأԭԭ
Ҫҵѣؽ˺ڻΣܲ취ҽȥһˣѣҶس＿ڵ
ԥһ£ֻڻ֮Ѻͽӹ˷ȴûнȥ
Ҫǹȥԡ˵ڻΣӦ̽ġ˵
л

û취ȻڻԳһ磬ҶپҲû취
͵߻û룬ɹĿԷǳСûи£Ҷ沢鷳
ڶ죬ＴҶǧֱ̣λڰ׻Ǻ󷽰ɽڻࡣ
Сè֮ǰĻ죬֪û忴Сè󣬻᲻Ƶ뷨
ԣҶɴСèصʱռǳ鷳
غڻģǺڻµһλ˧
λ˧ͬΪ˧Ｃûһɫһ¹ͷ
Ҫ̽ѣû⡣
˧Ӧĺʹ죬Ҷ治ɵϲ⡣
ǣ̽ͨзѣÿһǧϿƷʯÿһӣ˶ཻһǧƷʯķá˧˵
ʯ⣬ҶԣͲʲô⡣
£ҶóǧƷʯҪ˧
𼱣˵һ£Ҫ̽˭ڻ֮УЩһǿԽӵģЩطȴǲ̽ӵġ

˧ɫ΢΢һ䣬־ͽҶƵǰʯƻظҶ档
Ѻط̽ӡ˧˵

ҶһƣòϣȻֲ̽ӡ
ͬʱҲҶӵż
Ѻںڻβ˵طĴҶеĸӼѡ
˧̬ޱȵļԿڣҲǾԲͨڣգҶһֻƵȥ
Ψһõģȷںڻ֮С
֣˵û˽»¸˧ĿܣһߣҶһŶԲߡ
¸Բ󡭡
ü죬ҵˡһǻĳ෢ŮӣһŮͻȻͶµҶһ˵ǰ
Ͳµǿ϶׻ǵģɡףҵأôصȥˣüһһէ˵
ͻأݵĻüҶüͷ
ͻȻ䣬ҶԺУＲĴǷʶüü
̸ϣһ֮Ե
ǵǿϧˡüݿɱˣǻˣĸǺڻã⣬æڻΣǷǳ򵥡˵
ԣҶٴȻˡ
û뵽üȻ˵ĳ
ҶʱԥģǳСèûüæأǲأ
֮Ҷ˾
üм£æܹ
ܰ㣬ǲǾ͸һСè䣬ҸҵСè棿üǳĴʱҶ˼
û
ҶϾ͸˿϶Ĵ𰸣Сè
Сè޸Ӧûɣ
ΪԵСèǳԲ˿ġ
Ҷ뷨


1912 Ԫ鰢Ľ
ţҪȥ
λü£ȻޱȵİҶ̸ֱ֮ӾͳǺڻε˧ôһ䡣
ǰһ˧ʱŻüҶһˣһΪ
ɵҲҶ˳üæ
ʵԻüݣڻתһȦûɶģϾüݰ
ѧô꣬䱾һѪߵ͵ᣬһ㣬ûб
ңλüҲǵһνڻΡ
ǣЩѪ߹ĴڣڻεʱǿתһȦ⡣
ʱǶУ飬˺ôһȦ֮󣬾ͻὫĳµļһ˳ֵ
飬ڳ໢ͺڻԵÿĻüûٸɡ
ǣһ
λĽǳ˲ӣ޷λ
˧ԥ䣬оеûӵĻüѾˡ
ָϺһһĻƳ޶س֣ƾըһס
ôţһüĻʹˣҳһͨҴһֱͨҴ㣿üв
˧һر˿ϡ
֮УѪԭ򣬴ЩǿĴʥ˧ЩĵϵѪ
û취֮УѪǿƣ޷赲
üеĴ磬ǺڻĴӣʥںڻ£ҲǼΪǿƵġ
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ڻüıӳȥ֮ǰĴһ֮ʣһŻͨʹ˳֡
ʶ࣡üɨһҶʱ򣬾ͻһģˣǽɡ
һ仯ҶЩ档
Ҫ֪ڴܣѹ˺Ȩѹ飬ټֱӳвĿŵĽε飬˴
˵һ鹫
һ͸˵ģҶҲȻˡ
ҵĻСèأ̤ڻ֮󣬻ü˱ǶϢҶ֡
Сèȥüһᣡ
СèȴҶĻ̽һԴ󣬵ͺһ˻ü
ǡ
üһʼûϳСèָճߵͣʱʧϲ˵зͨɴСֻģȴûСģû뵽ҵСèȻԣ
Ȼһüе
ҶһСè治ǷͨСèǬķţܱСܱ
㻹˵أԱСǬƺһЩ
̫ˣұ㣡
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СèԾüĻûҶ滳ֻȭͷС
ԴԼ˸ߵֱ̬˻üĻ
һԻצڻüĲϣһԻצڻüϣڻüؿš
ҶĿɿڴʱСèһȻͷһ»üؿڣĻüҲɺ졣
ҶҶ췢ģɴû̹СèЩ
һСèüʱ󵨿ŵĻüŵĶӣô͸ˣ
Сè˶࡭
üߵ˵һ󷢳һżĻХüؾͱһ峤׵ĳ෢ͻ
Сèһ£Գ׳ı塣
ͻһվͽڻεڸˡ
ϣǬķ̸ܲܽ椣ȻƯ̫һֱԭΣô㰡СèҶֱ֮ӽҶ澪ˡ
Сèһˣѧ
ֱˡ
ԣҪûͬ⣬ԲܽǸǬķشҶ˵
½ǬⷨҲʵһЩҲ㲻ܣ̸üҲʲô󵩡
õǬطüƯĻĿСèݺݵİСèһڣȻ˵Ұӣ
⻢ü츳ǲģӲǬطʼԴС仯
һΣֻС֮һͣһʮ֮󣬾ܹСһˡ
Ϣ֮󣬻ü͸СèһģһС˶ҳ׸ߣϿüϸЩ
СèС֮ǶԺɫ䣬硣
̫ˣط̫ˣϲֵĻüʹֵһָҶ漸˵ıӵǼˣڻηͬһ㡭
ž
˵꣬üͱСèһƸĵڵء
üʱ˷ŭĻХȻüСèѾٴһƺɵĽü˻צ¡
ίĽŮʱͽŵ˹ȥСè
СèȴǳŻüü
󣬻üͱƽ˳Сèצɿ֮
Ȼ󣬻üͱŤֵĳҶ˵ҶҡˣǸҾͺãҪߣ
仰ҶΪ죬˷ŵʵСèڽѵü
һĻһԵＺ˧ӵһء
ڻ֮޼ɵĳüʲôʱô˳ˣ
û£·ɣ
ü˵ͷСèһͬǰУСè򻺻ĻüԴԥһ£ᱧ˱üʾ⡣
Ҷ濴һĻоʮͷ񱼶һ
ʲôʱСèһʥ
ֶΣ
Ҷұֶ֤ΣҲˣЩ꣬Сèء
ô̶̼죬Сèһı仯֮أ
Ҷү̣ٳָӵֶβɣģò˶ãҾͽСèһ̣ɻʥ׼Ԫ鰢ҶԺ
뵱ţүҲ˼˰ķ
죡С𣬡´Ǽֻ˵棬ά״ˣǰ׹˸״˵ӣСıź򣡡
ҼסˣһΣˣԪ鰢ĵ
Ҷ泹ˣԭСèЩرı仯Ԫ鰢̳ˡ
ڷСèάҶ棬ѵü飬ȴСָʾСèġ
£ҶԸҲ˵׼ˡ
֪Ԫ鰢һĽ£СèĻ꣬ʲôģ
ҶһֲõԤС
ڻڷΧһ·߹ָ޵ĺ಻
ŭģĵģﰧҶ˸һڳԵģһںȵġ
ܴģģǼҡ
һͳҶһ·¶ࡣ
˧˵ʲôüһŮȥһӣǸҽвѡ
ڻ㴩˰ʱһ·ϿĹѺԽԽ٣ûпСèҵĻüĳ˧׹ôû˵ڷң
ԣ˧ʱײüĸҰҪײĺڣһӣִܹˣ

üͬʱʧ׷ʲô£Ȼص˺


1913 ֮
ڻüＵѯʣλڻε˧ֻ֪Ҳ֪Ĳ֪ǼٵĲ֪
ҶҲżٹһӣͿԼʱһоͿ֪ˡ
Ըһĺڻ֮У˧һ·Уƺһֱصס
Ȼֻһӵʱ䣬Ҷһ˵ٶȣҶѾصˡ
һ֮˧ͣһ⻪ʯ֮ڡ
͹Ѻ֮ĺ֮ˡ֪Ĺصģǽȥֻܴһӡ򣬾ңҲ޷ͨڡ˧˵
һ·ϱСèѵĻüһѧˣĿ⿴Ҷ棬ѯ֮⡣
û⡣һӵʱ䣬㹻ˡ
һɲǣʯŹ⻪𣬱˧ط򿪣һɻųζùζĪѪȸζӿ˳ֱ
üǧˣʹ߷˻ǳ
һɢž˺ˮΣޱȵ䳱ʪ
ͨ˽ˮ֮УԻһʱ
гɵĸ֣ʱҲ޷ȥ
ߣߡ
˧һ·Ҷһһĺ̶ˮ֮С
ˮ֮УһëǺۡɢŶľ޻ں̶֮ʹĴϢš
ֻצϣɫ޴Ĵں̶֮У˿ڴѪ
ʱԼֻצƴ̶
ԿֻצϵѪ⣬Ѿ˾ųɣУһɫ䶯
ʱ⻢צ߸ߵľ𶶶ţɫʱͷ׷ױ䣬޴ĻͷȥЩɫһʣȥȻʼϸľ׽
Ҷ۾˲ͺˣ
˴·ǴҲϳǰΪľ޻պյ
ͬһɲǣҶɱһĿ⣬Ͷ˧
뵱ʱת壬ڻʱصΪһʮλںͨкڵĻ塣
󣬻Ǳһλͨ񾳾۷ȽΪĻܣһʱ壬ҲǷ
о˵ٶȣ壬Ϊ˻
ôҲû뵽λżȴ⸱ģ
Ҷ棬ʹǷŭˡ
£治ҵ£ֻǰϱߵҪ󣬹͵ֱģ˧͵
͵Ƕ٣Ｚʵ
һ£һ⡭
㡭
ҶţＴʱһȭ˧
ص£һ³һ⣬ȻģҲڶǶάĵز
ǣǰں̶֮УҿȥΪҲ˽ơ
޷Ϊ£Ҫ̶ֿϮһһ⣬ûѾ漣ˡ
˶ˣҶһ
һеġҶע£˧һ˵׼ȷ˵һ£
ԣҶ滹Ｃһ
һ£ÿһ⣬Ȼܹһ£ⲻܰɣɵ
˧֣ƺЩΪ
㲻ֱԣû˻˵ȥġҶ׳һöָָڣһƷʯ
һ£˧󷽵ĽߵƷʯ£ŵҲʲôر飬иѲΪģҼΣֻչһ
ƴʥÿֻһǿɲΥֻǽĵҩһ˼š
ѣ˭Ҷʵ
֣Ҳֻ֪֪һ׶ĳëԳЩ˧˵
ëԳ
ҶԺУʱ͸ͨۻԵģˣʮа˾ţˡ
ǲȥҶһֱſڿţ˧ɻһ
꣡һԸҿʱⶫģҶ濴Żڶֱ۳ޱȵĳء
ＺĿҶһۣԭСè콻̸ĻüҲݺݵĵһ˧
ˣҶ˼
Ҷڸһϡ
˧ĳʱЩжֻѣΪԷǵһ㡣
ǿӣ˧˵
л
ģҶؿڸоѹһʯһ㣬һٽӲ˵һϻֻȥжȥ͡
񡭡
ҶţҲּ㣬ˡ
ҶԽµǸһ˿ѾǺ֮ˣ
񣬱˵ǳÿЩ̳ԼϵѪ⣬ԼϵѪ⽥ãʹ֪࣬
һˣ㲻Ҳˡ
ӲͷӲĥ£ŵˣһ¡
ԼĪ˰Ϣңצϵһ涶ϸȥٴν˫צŽ̶ˮ֮У棬ŻĽͷʯ̨ϣ˫Ŀ
Ҷûнȥֵ˰ӣߵѾ˯ŵʱҶŻƿεĴš
֨ʱͽ˯ŵˡ
۾͵һ߽Ҷ棬ƺЩһ͵ҡҡͷ
þ
Ҷǻþ
ҲԻ֣֣ǾԲҶ档
ѵҿҪֻþ֡޴ĻͷϳһԳʽЦݣȻֻı۾
һɲǣ͵ظоһҫĺ̶̶ˮƺʧˡ
۵ɲǣͿҶոյһ̶̶ˮһ̶ˮڸס
ͷԼǸ⣬еĵطѾ¶׹ǣ浽壬Щ
㡭ôǡ
ˣôӭ𣿡Ҷ濴ЦˣЦĺǣǿ
ǡô֪ˣŬҡһ»ͷ뻯һΣһĺģȴֲҲάֲȥˡ
˵ȿ塣
Ȱȥ
żֵʮƷʯ˵ҩͱҶһԵͽĻС
ȻһоͳҶУŵʹȰˣ
ʹԳЦһ£ȴһȿ޻ҪѿЦݡ
һĺ٣ξγ
ʱͻȻ俴ʱѣȴһ޵ĳ嶯
Ÿ˵Ҷ棬˧죬ֹҶֱɱ˵ûпڡ
Ҷ˵ɣϵĸãҶɿȥзУ
ǵ棬ĺͻʶһ¡
ˮϢĴ۽Ǵ
üҰŪСèҲԸ⣡
Ҷûü͵̧ͷȴ˧ɫ͵ؾ䣡


1914 ƴʥ
üҰŪСèҲԸ⣡
ҶһԵ˧ɫ䡣
ηųüҶһ˽ѾźܴĸϵˣҶȴҪ
ǺƴʥԹؽģϱˣҿ϶ƴʥԻؽ֮С
ԥģ˧һֱ׼ŵһö
ڻ˧λãⶼǰλ˧Ѿ˾飬ԣ׼
ҶΪˣǳ׽һؽļһŪȥѶжɲһüܹ쵽ġ
ȰҶ뷨ǿǲҲ̶õģҶµĸ⣬ٿҶֱ۾ǵı͡
λüҲشԵ֡
ϲ̵Ŀһ׳СèȻ˶ĻͷĿ˼
ȻҲ²ð졣
ŵ㣬ĹͷˣҲҪε
ͷ֮Ҷел£ĹιŶΪ֮Ŀȴûһ㡣
֮ǰյӶһˣʹԣ治ʲô
Ҷıͷġ
˵ʵҶ뷨һҪȿ״֮취ܲܽڻ֮Ūȥ
ǿģҶҲ̲סˡ
¶ģΣһҪȥ
ȥҶĵһ뷨ǽ
ҶĿǰʵͻȻϮӦÿԸɵ˧
ǣôȥ
ԳһĺڻΣ붼Ҫط߶ſԡ
Ȼ˵Ҷǿ˧ͨǣ˧ǸӲͷأ
ߣҪǣҶǿн˵ѾˣѳҲûʲô
üأ
ҶѣҲǰҶģҶôʱͻ
⻢üȻǳСèģô˵ҲҶ棬Ҷ
ͬģҶǳûҲ
飬Ҷġ
˼£ҶٴŻüڣڻüܹʲô취
˼˼ϢĻüһҶ棬˧ڡ
ֱӽӺߣǲܣҲˣͲ벽Ĺˡ
ܻܲһ˵ĵطˣȻǳȥȥ磬ܴܲһ飬˵ô
üţ˵ǽ˫ǵˣ˧̫ҲչҶߵָһ
治ң˧ЦüҪȥƴʥһ飬Ȼ£
һ˧ѣü͵һ˵˧ǰǸҪȫķӣҲûʲô㶼Ұ죡
Ųھͽǿдôţ
üһˣᣬӵҶǰƵߣھʹߣҿ˭ң
ɣ˧ˡ
ʵü˾٣ҲֻǸ˧ʩѹ˧֮ͬǰǸȫķӡ
ǣλ˧ʱȴпԼ֪
˭Ѿöʾأ
ʶ࣬ߣ˧òüȴŭˣҪҶ뿪
󵨣
Ҳһɲǣŭ߳شӺԶʮڹŰƥƣԶ
δ֮ʣһѪɫ磬һ·ڡһ˺ɫƵһĻβߣʹһƮεſڣ˲Ϣγڶ
ͬʱƥĵǿߵϢʹԴԴϵӿվǰߵĻüＡǧ̵˺˲ѣɫ䡣
磡ȻĻߣ˧еĺƴʥüе硣
죡
ߺڻѪȻɷĺڻµ෨ˣͼΥûıãƴʥһ¶棬ָŻüŭɶƵĴ
㡭üֱӱˣһʱ侹Ȼ벻η
Ю֮ĺƴʥ̧һţͽ˵ص˧ߵõɶѪ硣

غڻΣ㾹Ȼ⣬ƽʱ̵ôҲͰˣѺҪĺҲҷ˽ҿǳıӵ
ŭ߳䣬ƴʥֽĿҶϣСС壬ȻôҺڻһĺҪأǲ֪ˣ£ҷɱۣ
ʱƴʥʮڵ˧͸ߺ


1915 û
ʮɱڵĿֹɲǣҶڷɿϸУû˿ͣ
ÿһѪҶͻɿͿϺֹѪҩ壬Ȼðް
һӦˮһ㣬˿ܵĺƴʥһɽڵӰ졣
ʵϣӺƴʥֵһɲǣҶѾĴ㡣
²ˣûκתصĻôԣɱ췭ظ
ĴڣҶҲûɱ
͵ʮλ˧ֵɲǣȼˣһ˫ۣҶǰסһ˧

ƴʥĿһＵĿ⣬絶罣ʲôʱ۴˵׾Ҳʼ˻카һ𣿡
һڣƴʥͿñӡ
ˣ磬壬֮顣˭û彻
СӦһ䣬һʥڿڻɷ
ʲôʱڻɷܹ۴˵Ļˣ
һƴʥ͵ؾ䣬ĿޱȵΣգ޶ڻ֪
۴˰䲼Ļɵһʮ֮Уǰ˴ڵѪϱ۴ˣܶ
ǰ׻ʼѪᣬƴʥȴͼأⲻǽڻɷ۴˵Ļɣֲʲô
˵һֻ˵ǴʥţԺڻ壬£
ˣ˵Ҫ˾۴ǰˣ
ƴʥɫȴ䣬һ仰Ц˾۴ǰ㵱Ŵģ
۴ˣҸڻ޷˵ˣ
ڻǺڻΪ۴˵׾ȴһң۴ˣλҲǺԸֹģＺȵ
ƴʥĿ⣬һɲǱøޱȡ
һɲǣһֽ˼ڵ˼
£ϿȻܼ򵥣һͱȥͻ޷ȷӰ죬ӰĴ¡
ֻǣֻһһ׾˧ݣ޷֣˵ǻüˣ
ģǱһϣλվһ𣿡ƴʥȵ
ʥܿԷŵԣһĺ
ǣһĺʵϣҲ㷡
˵Ҫִˣ˵ģ˵û
ƴʥԣΪǱݣһϣͱʣ
Ǿԣ˭ȵùƴʥԥȴǺʾ
λ϶ˣ仰λ˳ĬĶ֮С
һʱ䣬εգޱȵĳƺ䣬ֻҶˢˢˢгͰ
Ϣ֮һͻؾʹǰĽ֡
磬ѵѣָܲ飬ü
ָ飿޿ܣƴʥܾĺܳף
ߣҶüë˶ϵĶ˿ûͣ
ҶһֱҽǣȴѾʼΪս׼
СѾǱ£ĵĵȴŷʱ
ƴʥٴβ˻üӣҲ˻üƢԡ
ߣƣ㣬һüɲ㣡㲻ӣǺãüؿＣＣȥ֮󣬾ϸ棬۸浽۴ǰλǰҶԵָ֤۶µĻɣ
Ժڻɷڻ֮ϣʵв֮ģ
֮ġĸ֣һа׺ƴʥţúƴʥʧü֪˵ʲô𣿡
׻۶λķǿɲһˣҪȻҲɱ䵱׻׾ˡ
֪üͱȥǳʲô鷳
Ūãᾪ˰׻ۣʱ򣬿ܻ
һԵҲһȻ
ҪüǶɾʹˡ
ȻĿǣûǱQļλͻǼʧ
Ȼ֪˵ʲôǣ㲻ӣҲ˺ȥ֪֣Ҳڲ
ǣˣ㼸λңҲԲףһãܶᱻȦ
Ȧ
ƴʥͻظһ˿ĪЦݣ£ԽԽ˼ˡû뵽һһݣȻô󣡡
ü֪֪ڻڣܸϵҷһѶò˶ã໢ͻ˹ץȦ
㵱λ۴˵׾˧ǰ𣿡ü
ʵǺƴʥջĵط
һݣ̫УԼݲ˵ͳһ׾Ĵʥ
޷ãʧ
ĬãƴʥһãǺڻһȥ֣
Ҳգ쿴ҺڻһѪķϣ͸һӣ
˵ƴʥһָΪ˵Ҷ˵ûǻᣡѣǺܽ
УֻҪֵܹ°вҾǽ
ʲôֵУⲻܣü
Ҷȴ͵̧ͷ˻üһԾŶ
һԾŶƴʥͷ
ãҴӦˣ
ˣҶӦüȴǼˡ
ƴʥʲôΪڵΪҶʲôΪ۷尡
˵Ҷ棬Ｃǻһλ۷ҲںƴʥֵУ
û裡̧ͷҶ棬ޱȵļᶨ
ƣһ۷ļһֵУҪǴȥ
ޣҲҲҳ֣
üżʱ򣬺ƴʥһĵ³һڿˮ
һ˲䣬ƴʥһ˧͸ߺ
ûһļһֵôʥ֣ʥ³ս֮ڣһܹ
ʥ֮ڣܹ
һУʥ³Уһоܹɱ
ʥ³սɣֻһֻ֣һоܹСӣ
һ˧׷һԣҶֻԹۣû˵
һ̣Ҷ沢֤ʲôҶֻ˳˳Ľȳ
˭УҽӶˣҶᶨ˵
ƴʥǣȴǸһ˿ϷʵЦݣȱŴӦȸʥҪ
ʥҪ㰤УǹУ
ҲվԭأܲӲɳ˧кҲң
һ˵Ａü˧ƴʥһ˧һ
ѾǱˣҶˡ
һλ˧ȫ˵Ҷһصߣǻһλڵ˧㲻ӲҲˣ
˵ģƴʥٴЦ뿴νܹסٿ飡
һɲǣƴʥͽסˡ
ע£ԭӦû̻̲Ҷ棬Ȼû˿ԥӦ
û⣬˭ԣ


1916 ֮
̩ɣúõСӣչʾһƴʥĿһѡһڵ˧

̩һȭһͲȣζζһ¡
⻢̩뻢üɫǾ䡣
ǶǻȻ֪⻢ʵ
ƾսۣ̩ںƴʥ˧֮Уֻмˮƽġ
ǣɱ̩Ǻƴʥеһָ˧
ĿǰΣҶվŲ㲻£ܹ⻢̩ʵӵ¡
ʱٵģҲǶġ
֪ҶʵģϾǺЩûˣҶʵͻƵ֪Ҷû֮ǰ̬ʵˡ
üѾʼҧ촽ͣĴŻСèҶ棬Ĵ㡣
ɷһӵʱ䣬ҽκã;֣̩ͣսҶȴͷҲ̧Ļشһ䡣
̩޷Ϳ˺ƴʥ
ƴʥȴЦҲãһһսûˣʥҲǾ֮ˣ͸ᣡ
л
ҶӦͬʱרעϵĸ⣬˵ɡ
ؿڣȴǾ
Ǹ̩ʵ˽ġ
ҶǿսҲ˽ģǾ仰Ҷ˽⻹ʮǰ
ڵҶ棬û֮ǰ̬սҲ
˵ʵ֮ĥôãÿʱÿ̶뿪
ԣһʼʱûΥĵֹ뿴Ҷûл뿪
ǵֵ̩ʱҲ̲סˡ
ɷǳ뿪ǣȴΪҶһ
ûпڣֱ֮Ҷ潫ϵȫãһİӣҶʱͻȻסҶ档
ȵȣ
ˣҶ¶ǰ
о𣿡һ򻰲ͻʵ
У
Ҷ涼вٵģƾͲ˵ˣֻҪлᣬҶͻΪСè׼²١
Һȼڣ˵
еٿŶһĻĺƴʥҶԥһ£ȡ̳ƣһ̳ݸһ̳Լߣһ̳ȴӸ˺ƴʥ
һûʲôɣ
ҶóһһٶĿȣݸ
ǳһӣͿһߴһߺһη֣⾹Ȼζɣ
̳Ҷһ๾ͷʹ
һĻƴʥĿҶݸľ̳⣬һڣ޵þƣ
Ǽˣ̳־Ӹһ˧
һ࣬ӦÿǵĲ˰ɣʵֻҪͨˣͷ㲻ԴӴ뿪ؼζƼˣʥѡ񲻿գƴʥͻȻȰ
һȰǰ벻Ҷ棬뻢üһˣҲú
˵ʵǻˣ벻ףƴʥΪʲôҪΪһԱأ
ȻѪǺ£ڻڶ֮ѡ
ĺĴʥޱϧôƴʥҪؽĥأ
ʹƵƴʥһȰ˵ĿͻȻ䡣
ǿһҶ棬ĿͶ˺ƴʥĿУд˱볰
㡭ᶮġ
Ŀ⣬ڳ˭ԿóǶԺƴʥĲм
ЩЩˣһӶӵеģ˵ֻҪӵй޻ڣ
飡
еľ̳ˤķѣҡҡλεվö˿ڴ˲ϢͱѪˮ
ǻڲ飬ͱˣԼᴦվɲǣͳҶ˵ͬһɲǣ괫Ҷ
ùңҲҪװ˷ס뿪֮һҪȥҿͫס𣬻Уͫĺ͸Ժû취ȥˣ
ţһΪһ¸ҵӺ
ͫ˺ӣ
Ҷ汻ϢˣҶû뵽˾겻ͫȻ˺ӡ
꣬ͫһϦ¶ˮ޵ģû뵽ھȻӶˡ
ⷬҶͷζӣһ޷ݵζ
Ҳһɲǣ͵ָĻ̩Ȼģյİȴ·һɲǻعˡ
̩ǰɣеڣүһֻ֣˵ģ͹ôүѵ

̩ʱǵͨ죬һ˲һеĹ
Ҳڴʱһֻ͵غĺ󾱣һᣬʹε˹ȥ
һƻҶ棬ǰĶ֣ң
̩ƺһǿаµĹǽڣȰȰȵը
ʥڿս֮ǰһ£ֻҪԭز㲻Ӳӻ̩УͿԽǰɣ
ȻֻҪ㲻㲻Ӳӻ̩жͿԽƴʥ˵
һԾŶҶȷ
ϻʥ˵ȻһԾŶƴʥȵ
ã
ɣ
Ҷ͵һӿһˮɫĻסҶȫµͬʱһɫۼףʼҶ֡
ס֮ڣҪͬһɲǣƴʥĴڻ̩֮
ʥģ
һɲǣ̩һ˫ۣŭĻХУֱۣ͵ػ˳˵ɫëסʮ׵׳ۣ

ԻСɽһ㣬Ҷ浱ͷ£


1917 а
̩Сɽ˫ۣݺݵĺҶ˫ϡ
㲻ֻӲһҶս̫ˣ
˲Ϣ䣬̩˫۱ĹͽҶ˫ɢҶ˫ȴ˳佻ԼؿڣҲ˳ƵĽ̩˫ȭԼؿڣܿͷҪ
䣡
УҶĻ׶飬ĺУصζҵĻζֱ
ƴʥȻһĻоͨϵ˧˷ӹصΡ
ңƴʥĿ⣬ʼնҶϡ
̳ɢȥһȭҵİڵصҶ棬
ޣ
³һڴѪĭҶ滺һУ
ƴʥǲˬĶ˻̩һۣУ֮⡣
һкҶõģŵΣ̩Ϊûжȫֻ˱
ڶУ
̩һ޴ĿԽҶµİڣ͵ӿɫĹ⻪
ڵɫ⻪ڣһɽĳΣڻ̩֡
ǻ̩޵ͨҲǽվ޻һ츳֮ͨһɽƣ
һ֮£ӵһɽ֮ء
վ޻һˣһ츳ͨͻɽ
⻹ΣҪǣվ޻һ壬ͨͨһһĴɽǵɽƵɱɱ
վ޻棬˵ɽһȥͨ磬촷ۣС磬ҲҪķѣ
վ޻һĹԣ̩ûеģǣ̩Ҳɽ
츳ͨɽ֮£ͬߣһ֮£ͻǶϽۣЩ̩꣬ĳĽڵ壬ʮˡ
ɽΨһȱ㣬ٶвˣ䲻УǾû취ˡ
Ը㲻Ҷ棬ʲ
⻪У̩ɽӰ֮УɽӰͻȻ仯ʵӰĪĳ
ֱ̩Ӷ츳ͨƴʥĵ˵ͷ
̩ɽƣһĵǿߣӲӣ
Ҳɳ̩⡣
ɣ
һŭ𣬻̩ٴȥ
ͬһɲǣüＵĺ˲Ϣƴʥ۾ڴ
ҶҲһɲǱޱȣ
սһУ۷ƽ⡣
˵ģһʩչͿһա
ڣҶȴǲ㲻ֻӲӣԹضУ
úã
ŭһĿ׹⣬شҶһݣ˲ۡ
ͬʱ̩ɽƣɽ͵رĿĹ⻪Ҷ泹׵ĸǣ
˲ϢĹҶԺ鱦׹߶ݾͱɷ飡
ҶףһȦټ֮Ҳٸ飡
̩ɽƣصĺҶؿڡ
⻹ҶµҶԱɣжȥһȫֲһ
ܲĺɫۼףҲһɲ˴ĿĹ⻪µĵŭм֮Ҷ
Ҳ֮ɲǣҶαĺɫۼףҲȫ
ֲľɽХһйҶؿڣҶ壬һҶһ㣬ɿֲľֱӺ䵽
Ҷĺ塢ǿȼƷĺйסֲһûоʹ˶ѣǣǾɵĳȴҶʱܵ˾
ѪһһڵĿ
Ҷ汻䵽εʯϣһʯӡɲǣһѪҶϢ˲Ϣû
Ｕ飬ޱȹ
˿̣Ҷ棬ֻ֡
һ֮ǰı̬
Ϊһп¾͹ǶϽˣڶУԻᱻ̩ĳࡣ
ۼҶ棬Ȼȥˣǣȴͷûһ
һҶĨһǵѪڶˣ
ǰѹĴĿѣΪǰ
ͨˣӦΪʥ£ô²Է㣬ѣҲԻذװ
ƴʥЩĵٴȰ˸ոת
Ҷӵĺ棬һﵽʲô£Ȼƴʥ⡣
Ϊ£һмЦĴΣˣ
˵ţҶ棬Ҷֵܣ֪赲㣬һϣɡ
һˣɣҶûٴδ˻̩ǰ
ʶ̧٣
һƴʥĿٴο˻̩Ŀ˼̩ײ
һΣΣûɱҶ档
ҪĻƴʥǾԲùӳԵģ
һУɣ
˵ţ̩ŭХԻԭε˫ۣʱͱϱߵļ⾭׷ľһ㣬͹
ɫ⻪ӻ̩ӿеɽӰøӵʵ
ƻõɽҲ淢׳
ǣ̩׼⻹ꡣ
Ϊźƴʥ˧̩ףҶվŲ£ɲҶĻᱻƴʥ˺ǰ;ȫޡ
ңˣӴ֮ҲΪڵЦڵͷҲϴȥˡ
ǰεĽ֣ѾʶҶ治򵥡
ԣᣬȫ
͵Ϊ̩Ҫֵɲǣ̩ȴ͵ҧ⣬һڵɫıԴѪѪʹӻ̩п˻̩ķӿɽ֮ϡ
ʱ̩ķӿɽ˲Ϣ׳һ̩࣬츳ͨɽ壬øӵʵأ
һĻֱһʺ̩ʮ˴ĳ嶯
⻹Ҫ
վŲҶ棬ȫֶ츳ͨͲ˵ˣʱȻϧģԴѪ츳ͨܡ
Ｒǻģ˿ҲڷգʵΪ̩Ϊţ
ƴʥɫҲЩڡ
Ҳû뵽̩Ȼֳôһ
ԴѪһ൱ڻ̩츳ͨһ
ŵڶУѾҶѪһô
ԺƴʥԣĿͿˣֶʵôںģ
ڻüѾ׵ĺˣҲҿСè⻢̩ı֣ʵǶţ
ɣ
ŭУ̩ٴ˳ǻɫԴѪɽƣҶ浱ͷ£
ǣһƸµɲǣ̩ȴһ˿ɻ
һƣʣһ֮£Ҷ
ǣҶ˿̵ȴޱȵɡ
Ҫ֪Ҷǰ֮ʱ񶼷ǳأһƵʱȴһ벻ģ
ѵ֪׼ˡ
ɻУ̩ɽƣ˲Ҷͷ
ҲھһɲǣһɰɫĻɵĻףҶ
׳ֵɲǣʹ⡣
֮еˮݣ˲Ϣͱɣ
Ҳڴʱ̩ɽƣⰵɫĻס
˲Ϣ䣬ⱬǡ
̩еɽӰⰵɫĻ£ʼɿڣ
˲Ϣͱյһɶ
ɽӰոɾˣһƵȻҲûʲôˡ
ǣǿʼ
ǰɫĻ棬ڷոɾ̩ɽӰ֮ȴͬ׹֮һ㣬ɿĲϻ̩˫ۣ̩˫
顢塢ܣ츽׻ϵһɲǱޱȵײУ
̩Ĳ˻У̩˫ۿʼɿıճɻҡ
Ҫǣ̩ע˫۵꣬ҲҶøǶ߷ĸǶʹĻ̩Դҽ
һǰɫĸǶ棬ʱȼ˻̩ȫ
ƴʥһ˧Ȼӻ̩ǵһλ˧ͼ̩ϸǶʱǻ֮ȥĸǶ棬˳յϣλ˧Ҳҽ
ʱ˧û˸Ҿˡ
Ҳڻ̩һλ˧ޱȵĲҽУҶ侲дż
ʥѱϣҶĳа
ƴʥһ˲Ϣͱñȹ׻Ҫڡ
［ԣ;ͼʶҶһı̬ˡ
ǻüʱͣһַ·ʶһĿ⣬Ҷ棡
ԣֻҶʵ֮죬֮ǿ
ǻüͲһˣŰ֮صҶ棬ü̲ס۾Ȼٴξˣⲻǻþ


1918 
˵ʵԻ̩ĵУƴʥǼġ
ǳţҶڻ̩һ֮£ࡣ
̩ѾϧԴѪ츳ͨɽƵһôҶ벻Ϊ඼ܡ
˵ʵһУǻƴʥ㲻ӲӣޱȵСģҶһ
ǣǰΣȴ߸˺ƴʥ֪
ҶðĻ棬Ȼֱӷ˻̩Ĺ˲Ϣû̩ˡ
Ǻƴʥ˷ˣʱҲĿɿڴ¶Ȼ
ڵӦʱ򣬻̩ѾҶĸǶյԳԭβ˵һԻۻϱչ˲˵󱳺;ճ˰׹ǡ
̩ҲûԾȹ
ͶԽ࣬øǶĻƸӵҡ
˧ǰֻ֮ԶԶʩȡ
ͨͶ룬ڸǶԣȼһֻ̩Ĳҽҡ
ʥҰ
̩ĲҽúƴʥӦ˹
һīˮ⣬Ӻƴʥй£ͼ̩ȼյĸǶ档
ǣǸǶֻ΢΢һ̶ǿȼƴʥԪˮҲ丽ȼ
úƴʥһ
ԪˮؼŵϺŵǺڻ̳Ѫ֮е츳
ǽˮؾԪأԶؼǿ
ȻںƴʥĺˮֻԪҲһ㡣
Ȼ޷׽ǰ档
֮࣬ƴʥٴй˺Ԫˮ⺣Ԫˮںƴʥ£ˮһ㣬̩ŰΧס
Ϊˮмңƴʥʶ棬һֵġ
Ԫˮй£̩ĸǶ棬ڽϨ
һֱԹ۵Ҷ棬ʱȴǿд߶ѹԴ󷢵ĸǶ츽׻顣
츽׻Լʢ߶Ļ汻ǿѹ߶Ƕһϸ¡
ʱ򣬲֦Ҷǿѹ츽׻飬
˻̩յĸǶ棬ƴʥɫޱȵѿ
̶̼Ĺ򣬻̩Ȼٻٳ֮һϡ
٣;޴ԣѻָơ
պ̩Ҫָҩ֮⣬ûʮҵĿ๦ǲɵġ
ҪǣԣһսҪʩչ
һ磬޷ӳӦеս
֮Ի̩Ŀǰʮ֮ڣ޷ӳӦеսƴʥҪʮʧһλսƵ˧ʮ֮ڣҪĿԶ֫ĵҩ
Ҫ֪һϣͱȲ壬öĵҩȫô幺
֫ĵҩڴܵļ۸񣬶һģڣԲôӴ͡
ҪǣͬǶϱֻۣҪһŶ֫ĵҩɶޱӴԣʮŶֹ
һԼҪ滢̩ҩָƣƴʥĶڵѪ
ƫƫƴʥôҪǲΪս˵˧̩µ˧£պ󣬿ԸͶµ˧ȼ١
£ƴʥͷƣ֪
ʥҶĳҳŹУҶĳʹ뿪ˣлʥ˵ţҶһѱɴеʹ󲽵źȥ
üＵ˼æȥ
Ҷ뿪ʱ򣬻һлȻлһǶһ㣬úƴʥջġ
ǣôµ棬ƴʥҲԶţֻĿҶһƱ뿪
ǣƴʥеŭ⣬ȴôҲڸǲס
߬ȭؽڶ
ǣ˭а취£ʥдãԲܾߣ
˭Ҫֲİ취ʣȫҶһ˸ո̤ڻεͨΣƴʥͻȻ޺޵˵
ƴʥĻûأƴʥһİСĺ˧źǰʥа취ǣܲʥһ˿һ
ƴʥԴϲ˵ʲô취
Ǻ˧ûпڣ˼£ȻǸƴʥ괫
꣬ƴʥüͷ˵ùȥ𣿡
Ȼû⣡˵䣬Ǻ˧óһöӰ򣬡·δѣһ׼ӰУȷʥӦֻ뿪ѡ
ӹӰ򣬽һۣƴʥǴϲ
ӲȻǼưٳӽ𣬺ӲǱʥҾʦˣ
˵꣬ƴʥһߣҽǣ


1919 
ʲô˼
ʥ㲻ҪԶ֮ͽɣڻεͨм䣬Ҷ濴ɱڵǰĺƴʥɫޱȵ
ҶҲû뵽ͿҪ뿪ڻˣƴʥȻߡ
ʥŵ㲻ûаɣ·ĺƴʥҲ
ߣƣû뵽㾹ȻԶŵСˣǿˣǻպĴʥأ
ȻƴʥѾ׼ǱＡüһŭ
˭˵ʥԶˣ

𣿱ʥ֮ǰֻǴӦҶģӲж
񣬱ʥѾѾǺڻεĵؽ磬ʥûдӦҶĴ뿪ڻΣƴʥΪԼ
޳ܣ
Ҫ
Ƣ𱬵Ļüָźƴʥıŭ㾹ȻϷ湻Ҫģ
˭˵ʥϷˣʥȣ˵ƴʥͽǰӲӰˡ
ͷĹӰУƴʥӰٴ𣬡УֻҪֵܹ°вҾǽ
ƴʥָͷĹӰˣʥһʼȣܳŹвʥ㽫ڻΣ
üҲҺڻһѪһΣʥͲ׷ˣ´ٵڮٱʥʥԻᵽ໢һ˵ƴʥв
㣡
üСˣ
ƴʥ󣬸ոձȷΪҾʦĺӲٺٵЦüԲӡ
ʥֻͬҶ潫ڵأҪΪȫҶֵ֮Ҷ潫ڻΣάһɷ
ʥ˾٣жȣɲʲôգ
ǳüѹ룬ڻκҪǴ֪ǳüŵȳ֪ˣΪüӻɷͨأ
㡭
üᡣ
Ӳ仰ͷתƣƴʥһñӣüһԲС
ƫƫӴϣüȴ˵ȥ
֮ΪߵڰףҲΪ
ҲҿˣӲĴñӣɲóܡ
ǰŭĺƴʥʱȴüЦ
ĺӲ˧Ͷ˲ټƲߣЩգһֱúƴʥôϲ
죬ƴʥӲôôϲ
֪ʥҪβҴ뿪ڻأҶؿˡ
ҶѾû˷ŭ濴Ҷ˴ˣûעƴʥϷ
ʵϣ⻹ȡںƴʥ־
ҪʥҶĳһҶĳܲܲ㲻Ӳ´ʥжҶս
Ҷ浱սƴʥҲǰ֮Ҷе㲻һ㣬չҲֻص߶ѡ
ڵĴʥֵ֣
ֻҪ˳Ҷ棬Ǿˡ
ҲںƴʥӦսɲǣӲٴθƴʥ괫úƴʥ˼䡣
ôѵʥ𣿡Ҷսٴ
㣬䣡
ƴʥЦߣʥҲĶ񵱣
Աʥݣһ㲻۷СһӲУҽ࣬ȥʥҲͻˣ
ʥһӣҪһԴСͷͱˣ
ԣҶȴһʧһԵȴһ
ҶӲһλǿߵУѶȣֱ޷
ʵϣӲһλǿߵУҶԼİգҲ̫󣬵ǣƾɳõĺԸҶ汣ûκġ
ţҹңٽ޸˵ȣҸϳڻΣƴʥ
һɲǣʮ˧ͷ׷ҪŤҶ

Ҷ͵վ𣬷Ž̩յİĸǶ棬ٴӿ֣ʱͽһ˧פ㲻ǰ
ƴʥ۾͵˸ΣյĹâ
ôһСС壬ҲһĺڻڷＣüǶˣĪҪඣ
һɲǣƴʥɫһڻμ̽Ϲرգκңɱۣ
ͬʱƴʥǵǿߵϢҶ档
ҶĿ⣬ֱֱӭȥƴʥĿ⣬ݺݵײһըһȦ
һɲǣҶѾʼƴһ׼
ƴʥһڣȻ壬սǿ츳ͨĪޱǿǣҶĵþδؾͶԸ˺ƴʥ
ػս飬ĿܹҶȡᡣ
Ҷ濼ǵģȴ֮顣
ڻԳһ磬Ҷʰ˺ƴʥôȥҲһ鷳
ңһƴһǺƴʥʮλ˧ųʱŰ׻ɽĻʾ
Ҷûб½һ˲ȫɵ
֮Ҷƾʰ˺ƴʥ뿪ڻ֮ԵģҲǵصĻΧ
ʱ򣬲ȲὫԼڣˣẦ˰ԼĻüＡ
˼һ£Ҷʱƴһ뷨
ҷңֻȷһ£ǰʥһԾŶĳŵǷҶʵ
ԣһޱȽŵＺͻüͬʱһɡ
ҪҶ淽ƴһɾ鷳ˡ
ȻЧⲻѾ㽫˺𣿡
ʥٽػغںڻˣڻȻҲΣǴϿҪõĶࡣ
Ȼһ㣬ƾǿĻָֻҪųʳò˶ãƣͻָ
Ȼ㵱ʥʲôˣʥһԾŶ˵˽ͲٹؽȥòлԼ񣬺ƴʥȻŹ
ʳҶʵ
ڻεͽһͬʣʳ﹩Ӧϣͽһ
ҶĿ⿴˧˧æڻڣÿͽÿ죬ԻʮһѪʳ
Ǿͺã
ҶͷʥܹһԾŶҶĳ
˵꣬ҶΧ˱괫úˣһʱ䣬һ취ģ˵ţҶϢĽһöװʳʯҩĴָӵ֮˿ڵı֮ڡ
ǣ
ߣ
Ҷ桢üＡСèǧһ˵ȣ㶼Ҷ󣬴ǵ˺ڻεͨ
ںƴʥʾ£˧У
ס뿪֮һҪȥҺͫҽͫӵĻ
ȻȥҺӣξҳȥģ
סˣһҪȥͫ
Ҷ뿪ڻεʱ괫Уŭһ㣬⼸仰Ҷ֮
뿪ڻεʱҶüͷΪʲôǿҪȥͫأ
Ҷǲ⣡


1920 
Ҷ桢Ａüһ뿪ڻΣƴʥһӾͺ
һΣҪ˽ʥҪԴ
һ߳ʱͽ˧ŵĹڵأʥˡҲˣҲˡһμһεĽѵ
סã
ƴʥǸһ˿֮⣬Ҳڻε˧ĸ׺ڻģ治ҪȻ绻ˡ
⣬ʱ䣬лָ֮󣬾ٸҹص֮С
ҵ˼
ףĥֱ˧˵
ʥڸ̵ʱڻںóԺúȵһ£ȻٹصȥոձΪʦĺӲͻؽ
Ϊʲôƴʥüͷ
ʥһˣʹʱ̫ˣͻľˣʹĥá
һЩãԱӵҸһЩӣٽؽĥ
Ǵʹ֮࣬ǰļʮϰٱ£־ױҲӲ˵
ƴʥһ˼⣬¶һ飬ϸһ룬˵еġ
ûУͰʥʦȥóԺúȵ£Ȼٽؽִ֮ǰļƻƴʥ˵
ס˧æӦ

ü֣֮£лˣѴܿڣҶĳֻҪܹ쵽Բһüͷ뿪˺ڻΣҶ湰˵
ˡЩԥҶ֣ƴʥǱһףǰһף֮ǰ·Լһ𿴴ӦƯ˭֪뿪֮󣬻᲻ٽؽأ
пܣҪ취ȳ˵
ҺγҪƴʥˣǲסҶЦ
⵹ҲǣҪúƴʥˣǺڻڣ򣬾λڣҲε
ˣҪô㣿˵
׻Ͳ˵ˣʱ䣬԰Ҳһ£Ϊʲô¶˺ƴʥһ뷨ӪҶ˵
Ҫ뿪׻ǣû˵ʲôСèĻüȴǼˡ
ҪȥһҪ顣
ԭҶ뷨ôӦ뷨ȳȫ֮
Ȼƴʥ˺ѣǣҶ渹Ѿ˺üƻ
Ҷɲʲô֮ȻĲУǾֻģҶͲˣƴʥû㣿
ǣı̫Źˡ
εĶҶ棬ҪҶһҪȥͫҸͫĺӴһ仰
Ҷ밴ĽȥУǿҶı⡣
ǾȰĽȥһͫһ棬Ȼ뷨Ӫ
˵ͫоķҲ˵
ܴܲһ𣿡üһڴ˵ңܷģҶ̫죬ȥҶܹ򵼡
У̫˧Ȼ˵ƾҸͷżӵġ
ĵЩңǳ;ߣ鷳ҿ԰ﵽǣǵȥЩ⡣
С
üżޱȺ޲һѺôＵ괫ҶԺ
Ҷ֣ü˵û̫ΣûһͳһĹǳ;ߣ鷳ģ̫ǿļ֮һ໢ӣǺõġ
⡭
ԥһ£ҶʹӦ˳ü
˵ʵһԴ·Ե򵼣治ҡ
ȥͫҲʲôرҪܵ飬ϻüԽʡʱ䣬Լ鷳
üҿԴһ𣬵ǣг̺ܽЩŮ޷ϡҶ˵
İɣֻҪԸһҵŮһ
ü˵ˬ죬һŮŻˣæȰ˵
üȴǿ쵶ն飬Ƿģ˧ҾԲµġ
Ȼʲôʱˡ
ʱ֮Ҷ桢ǧ̡üСèıϣһ⣬ѸԶ˰׻ǡ
ԭǧӦøһתռ䣬лüڣҲΪ˲¶ҶԳһܣǧһ·ˡ
СèһȭͷССèĻüʹС
ۣСèٶȣôô죡˵ǻ˧ǻһĴʥûٶȡ
ոսٶʮÿʱСèüëһʲôʩչһٶȶѡ
䣬Сèҫһٴ٣˲Ϣٶȿ쭵ʮÿСʱٴûüС
ٶȣҸҲһܹ׷㣬ۣСè̫ˣ
ò˵Եľõļ
һ·ϣСèϵٶȣʱʱĽٶռٶȣʮÿʱûüϡ
Сèһһ·ͣˣ˧ʱʱʩչͨһʱʱĽٶһ¡
żٷתһ̼
Сè˻֣ҶҲûֹôǸ·ֻҪٶȲҶԣһ
ɵպǸոշɳһʱ䣬ͲòҸطӪϢʱ䡣
ԭСèһһʩչٶˣ˧̫󣬲ûˡ
֮·ϣСèȡѵˣ˧ˣ˧ȴѾѧշִˡ
ò˵Сèһ
һ֮кľ۾ӵء
ܴ󣬱ΪƾӪĽǣ
֮£ƾӪǣһҵ޳ǣޱȵķ٣ӹģۣҪȻİ׻ǻҪ
սһ㣬û̫磬ڰ׻֮µġ
üԣλ̫ƫλãλ̫İ׻ǣǧСèԼҪаµʱ䡣
ʵ̫磬ҲϹŲġ
̫ϹŲȴǼ٣ֻļϹŴ֮С
׻ɽһϹŲ뱱ˮͨȴӲ⡣
̫·ϣ϶С
ҵǣٶȣ඼Ҫ죬ӵĳ־ãǿܹܡ
ҲΪԭ̫ڸ̫ƽһЩǿǽٵ֮¡
ЩֱڵļΪ
ҲҿŻüÿζܺЩߡ
Ȼ˵ЩҶ沢ˣҪӦܻǳ鷳Щڶٵġ
⻹Сèٶȿ԰Ѵ󲿷ִߵ£Ǽܲס
ε˴ٺμ֮󣬷ʮ֮һɫ޳ǣҶһǰ
𣬵ˣ


1921 
һҵ֮ǣںõĹ뾭ӪǵҪȻİ׻Ǵ
Ҷ濴ǵķ٣ȻȲϴܵƷݵݳǣѾܵƷݵݳǲˡ
ǵķҲǳĵÿһƷʯ׻ǮһʮƷʯʮ
ȻǷãҶ˿ں
ȴ˵һ⣬ͳߣ˵ǵĹߣǺ۹Զġ
ǵķҶҪҳһǷǳ鷳ġ
֮ǰ괫УȴҶһµķ
ʵطһΪط
һطҶڸոսˣڶƬطأǳǵ֮ǹޱߵˡ
ͨ己Ϣĵط壬ûл֮ǰޱߵһط
ޱߵ󣬿˵Ǻ԰
ȻɲǺһ飬ؼ飬ߡ񡢳ϵȵȡ
ϣ̬Щ̫ǿ֮⣬ûйĸ棬Աĺ壡
Уÿ궼ΪʳҲΪʳ
ܹΪɳ֮ôεĺ壬Ϳ԰ᵽͿɽˡ
ȻҲǴ̫ŴѪСԱ壬廯Ǻ׵ġ
ϣһƬ಻ĸߴش彫֮ΪͿɽҲǺľӢͺľסĵط
Ѿεĺͫ;סͿɽ
ȻҲһƬ˰һСèٶȣҲֻĸʱСĹ򣬾͸ϵͿɽ
ڼͿɽѲصġ
ƾӪıݣҲϲӹǿߣǿǰѰûԣǺľӢסͿɽҲǿŵġ
Ϳɽߵطѹ˳롣
Ҳȫ
廹ǰиͿɽѲҶһ˸ոսͿɽͱѲַ
һӣʮĺɵѲ
ûֹΪѣ򵥵ѯһҶһ˵⣬Ǽһ£Щע뿪ˡ
ʱ˳ָҶָһ·Ҷ׬˵㻨Ǯ
ҪҺͫûǴĻǸŮˣӦþס𡣵ȻҲĻԸʮƷʯԸһݼ򵥵ͼһѲ˵
Ҷ渶ʮƷʯ֮󣬵õһݼ򵥵ͼ
Ϳɽ֮졢ءơ桢顢Լסѡ졢ɡ
Խǰ꣬Խе
ڵĹأסԽλԽߡ
ֺ֮ҲǺĵشˡ
ӾסλϿ˵ͫںڣٲԲô⣬ҶĲ١
õݼ׵ͼñ÷ѶϵͫҶ棬ʹ뷨
ΪѲԣһ𣬾סʮҺ壬ܺҵġ
ͼǰУӹһһ꣬ܿģҶ˾ҵ˵ͼϱע
ոɽ£ҶͿһȺһˣĺӡ
ҶͽոõķѶ˻ЩӣЩӴ·Ǹܲѡ
˵ĵҶ滹ͫһϲ
õط
ƣﻨ㣬ԪҲ棬Զϣݶǲľ͵ģԭʼȻζ
ߣǻİ׻ɽͲԶˣտأֲôǰͿɽһѻչüǲֹһ䡣
СèĵͺһͲˣԵòٹԵĸСè࣬ǧһվҶһȺˣĺӡ
ҶĿ⣬ܿһԼ˾ҡһͷƯСӵĺͷŮϡ
Ҷ֮עŮҪŮϣȻûк廯֮Ĳ
ʮӣһ˫۾ޱȣǱӸ߸ֻкβ¶к廯֮Ĳ
ΨǸڷŮûһ˿һĲ塣
ҲǺֵܹĸоһǸڷŮҶһĪϲ
Լѡһ֪ѹ˶õɫΪҶǸڷСŮ׼ڷСŮ·
Ҷ߹ȥʱһȺˣĺӣͻȻ䷢ִ
һȺϷǸڷСŮòӮˣսƷ
ɻûǺڷСŮˣһߴĺкӣһѽڷСŮƵֱӽսƷ˹
ǺڷСŮҲһӣѸһͷײǸкӣٴνսƷ˹
һС飬׷׹Ц
£Ǹкˣ
쵰֪Ұ֣ȻҴң
ŭţǸкӣһȭ˺ڷСŮǸкԱŭˡ
һĻҶԭֺǺǵЦţСĴ֣˼ģǸкȥСһ㡣
ǸСкڷСŮҰ֣Ҷüͷ
С֣ҶҲûвֵĿܣֻܿš
ҶǣڷСŮĻ顣
ǺкһȭڷСŮһȻ˳Ƶסкһ࣬ͽкˤ˹ࡣ
һˣС飬ٴκôЦ
쵰
кŭˣľӵҰ֣ϸ¹ͷҽһҪÿ
гСŮС˲ɷף˵ҲҰ֣аְֵģ
ңְֽʲô
˵ҳˣŻң
ǻҰ֣෢ĺСкЦ˵ˣ¾裬Ҳ֪˭֪Ǹ˶ˣ
㣡
С׵ĺڷСŮͻضˣ͵ȥһȭӳͽиոսƷһʯͷݺݵҵ˳෢Скϡ
˵
飡
һǣֺֿݣ˲ϢͽǸ෢Ск˸һ
෢Скʹ໵һҽһĨĨһѪ
һѪ
ǳ෢Ск۾ͱˡ
Ұ֣ңҽ첻˺㣡
ŭУǸСкٴȥ
飡
ڷСŮɵһʯͷٴκݺݵ˳෢Скĺ󱳡
һΣҾһΣڷСŮǺ⡣
෢Скһٴȥˣ˼ˣ
ÿһΣڷСŮξɵһÿܱܹ෢Ск˻һصһʯͷûΣҵĳ෢СкѪˡ
С飬ѾǰһĻˣһߡ
һ߰˴֮󣬳෢СкеĻԽԽеѪɫҲԽԽŨ
ͻȻ䣬෢Скһһ˸Ȼλһһ࣬߰׵ľ޴
Ұ֣˺㣡
һ෢СкĳԱ֮ǰĳ෢Скٶȣ˸źצ˺ڷСŮ
һοһˣͬͻȻ仯׶ޣڷСŮٻ飬Ҳˣ


1922 ټͫ
̣
̶צӻǰһˣСǣı۾
ڷСŮҲ෢Скĳɫ޺˹ɲǣҲ޴ı۾
Գԭ֮ǳɫ޺ٶͲǳܶ㿪ġ
ΨһģǱ۾ȴһ̵١
ǣеľʹȻûн١
󣬳෢СкͿ׵İȴ
֮£۾ͿһµҶ棬ɽһ㵲ǰ
෢СкͿףҶס˶Ƥİš
ھĻҹͿ׶Ҷ棬ŭſң
һɲǣҶĿע£Ϳ׾;ֵĲ
ҶǺεȵĴڣʬɽѪˣһɱѾɡ
˵Ҷ߶ɱǲ߶ɱĿⶢһΪµ߿ܹŵ̱
˵Ƕһĺӿ


޷ݵľ֣Ϳ׼˲Ϣʹ˷
Ϳ׵ģҶһͿЦһһɣޱȵĺСкͿףʱͻһ̲ࡣ
гҶתС
ҧ촽ĳ˵ͷû˵
ղţû¡
ǵ˵ͷҡҡͷ
ҶЦһСһ
û¾ͺã֪֪ϣͫסһңҶٴʵ
¶֮ɫ壬ʲô
ԣҶסˡ
ף
ǰǺͫĺ
֮ǰҶûע⣬ʱһ˵Ҷϸϸһ£㻹˵üĿͫе
ңҶȻһֺĸо
Ǹͫ죬ų죬һ㡣
Ҷʾ֭Ҳû
һԺһƵҩĳ෢ˣͻһǴ䣬˲Ϣе¯ڷ˳ȥ
ӳȥͬʱӳһ
ͬʱլԺڣٵģΪӳһӰ
ͬһʱ̣һľ͵СԺڣһɫ¡㷢߸ĺͫҲ͵һعˡ
ͫԼҲ֪أӽϿʼһֱ񲻶Ҳ۲۵ġ
ֻҪһܾɽ죬޷뾲
úͫ˼ҡ
ԭֻҪȥ棬ͻ˼
ͬѪһȺмܵ۸һ£ܹ
Ϊ⣬⡣
񲻶Ȼһ磬ֱͿ׵ľľʱ򣬺ͫŷӦ
һͿ׵ľͫͰһˡ
ͨﺢһìܣʮа˴ξйء
ͫµص֮󣬾ͿһѴѾһСӰΧ
ԸӦĳϢȺ˵İΧ֮С
⣬ͫ˲Ϣ͸ϵ·ص㡣
ɽһۣͫһΣûһͷ
ò׶סΣͫǰһĻޱȵ⡣
ôˣ
ԼŮС߬Ϳ׼˶ŵҶ½ǵʱ򣬺ͫıӾĪһᣬӿ˳
һȻˮͫŻ˳һŵˡ
ðСҰ֣۸Ҽ׶˵ҹ壬Ҽ׶
첻㣡
ո˽һͿ׵ͿѪģʱͷˡ
Ȼܲ˵ĳȥҪų֡
Ϳ׵ĸ׳ʱɷģٴŵ˳Ծ߬סҶ½ǡ
һĻҶһĪܰ
ܰȴͿɷĸ׸ƻˡ
Ӽĳͻѣ˶ʲô֣ԵɣƽҲҶ浲Ϳ׵ĸǰ
ҶǼʶŮ˵Ĳ
仰Ϳ׵ĸףѹһӲܳԿ
˿Ҫһ
ȶֵģ㻹ҽһСС壬ͿɽҰȽѵѵ㣡
˵ţͿ׵ĸŽصΪȻҶ֡
Ҷ۾ȴ͵һɣⱬ䣬
װŭ߳һͷ·һһ㣬ֱͿĸ׵֮ڡ
Ҷ潫һа׵ܣӽ֮С
Ȼֻһ㣬Ҳаס
⧲֮£Ϳ׵ĸףʱͺһƨ˵ϡ
һŷ·ŭĿһҶ棬Ϳ׵ĸʱʹ
ðһ壬ףͿҺ۸һ֣һöľѶͳС
ҲʱͫĴн£һѾͰͿĸ׵ϡ
Ϳɩڻ˵ҼҳʲôطĲԣȸˡ˵ţͫͿĸ׸һ
ޣ
ɧӺҰ֣ûһö
һԵǸĺͫɫرޱȵѿȺͫʲôըװٴ쳹
ˣסڣ
ҶǺεɱ˲ϢʹͿĸ׵
Ҷɱһ壬ɫһףԶӹӰһ׳ٴο
ôţﻹ˲ɣ
һɧӴһҰ֣ѵޣˣĪɧ¹ͷɣ
Ҹ˵Сӣɱġ
һԵĺͫѾͿĸ׵Ķ񶾹ĻҲ˵
ǰԣͫҲˣڱ˵ģ죬ȴ˵ŭΪҶڲԭȴǰδеķŭŭ
˭Ҳû⵽Ҷɫһ̣Ѿޱȵѿ
ø
һҶҲ̲ȥһƾøȥ
һƻҶһȥҿͿĸøʮơ
Ҷٶȹԭʮ꣬Ϳĸײűȵĵɶ
ҶĺǺεȰԵûжҲͿĸȵĸ߸߷ձΡ
񶾵ŭȻֹһѪˮʮŴ
ͿĸΪһݵ˴߷©ùޱȵĲҽЪ˹ŭ쳹
˵ʵҶǺŮ˵ģ죬ֲŮˣȴ̲סˡ
Ҵ֮Ҷŭδ
ų˵Ҷ棬бȵʮŴͿĸףͫˬޱȡ
ͷһĪůͻ
ҲڴʱŻԶ⣬Ѿӵ˽ǰڻδ֮ǰǡþͿҶ˵龰
һˣͿɽҺףǺôĹȸΧˣ
ͷĳ෢һ֣һ֣ͽҶ桢ǧ̡üͫΧס
ͬһɲǣһöɫľѶشͷĳ෢г
ʱѲشи֣˹
һǿޱȵĵϢȻ֣


1923 丸Ů
ϢֵɲǣҶĿһеĳ
һѶһλǿߣͿɽϿǳɢȴڽ
ܿģһӶѲͽҶһ˰Χ
ҶȴǻȻ⣬鸴ӵĿ˺ͫ
㡭𣿡
δ֮ǰҶо໰Ҫ˵ˣе⣬һ仰
áͫҲ΢΢˵ͷȻЩҵĽҶ½ǵĳߣݺݵĵ˳һۣ£
סίƲ졣
ͫ£Ĳس£ǸͿף۸˵ģԻ˱๥Ҷ˵
Ի๥ͫҲһףСԻĹҲǳĿ¡
ôڡܹԣҲ¸ң⺢ӣҺϲ˵ţҶͣһ£ЩӲʵˣġأ
˵ʵԴ˵ͫ˺֮⣬һֱҶͷ
Ҷ֪ͫ׼޸˭׼޸ʲôˣָʲô˺ӡ
֮࣬Ҷĵ׸ģһԵʹϧΡ
ԣռûãҶ⡣
⣬úͫû
֪ӦλشҶ⡣
ʵʱ˵ӵĸĳңԶĵط
ǣҶ棬ǵų棬޷ششˣ֪ԺôԳ
Ȼһֱûи߳˭Ǻͫһ죬ܻ֪˭׵ġ
Ұֵĸף¾˵ɧӶǲˡԴѲ׳Ϳĸףٴ©ޱȵҲͫΧ
ݣ
׵ģһɫĽⶸشҶԺɳѸ׵ĴͿĸ׵ĲӴ
˾ɲǣҶޱɱѾ𣬡ٸҶˣҾնĹͷ
Ǿ֮ɫͿĸףûӦҶɽٴһδĽȴѾͿĸ׵ľһѪ˳¡
ΣֱӽͿ׵ĸ׺ľֵļ
һڸոոϵѲͷ෢󺺣Ϳ׵ĸͿۣҲ׷ŭ߳
ס֣
ס֣
㵨ҷһë춨˵أͿŭ
ɣһǺͫ
ͫģзִ磡
ҶĿ⣬ֱͿۣѾˣҺΣ
˵䣬ҶɽٴһתͽͿĸһͷն
ΣԷףСʹ䣬Ժˣұȡ㹷ͷ纣һҶĿ罣һ㶢Ϳĸ˵
߻ӲҶɱĿһȻĴһսһ޷ݵĿ־壬͵ӿͷ
νŭĿǡ
ҶɳԪܵԸϴޱȡ
ҶʱҶĿ⣬ͱȴ˵еĿ⻹Ҫơ
ҶķŭʱҶĿ⣬̺֮ŭ
ҶŭĿһͿĸ˼ս֮ͻȻ͸߷֮ɫ
һŵɧζʹɢȴͿ׵ĸףžȻҶŵʧˡ
Ҳ֣ҶԪ֮ɱǿֱ֮£ֱһЩ־ᶨΪµߡ
һλˣʧҲǺ
һѲɫùŹͿ׵ĸͿۣηŭ
ŭŭʱͶʱҶɽͼӲϣŭҲš
ǡ鱦
һɽѲӳͻȻʧһ
ʱڳĺɫ䣬ҶĿ⣬ͱòһ
Ϳ׸ͿۣҶĿ⣬Ҳ˼ּɵ
ԭܼ򵥣鱦ʹǿʵ
̫磬һĽǿߣһԵұˡ
ں鱦һʥҲûеġ
Ҷܹӵк鱦ģ˴Ҷ汾ӵǿʵ֮⣬̫磬ҲҶıһǿޱȵļǿߡ
ʱͿ۾ټɵҲ̡
жӱᣬӱۣ̣ǾͲˡ
ǸˣͷſӣͿĳһսͿۺȵ
ҶǸһ˿ЦɽɴͿĸ׵Ĳϡ
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Щ꣬Ϊ˳ʲôֻš
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͵͵ĿŭͿһҵҶ棬ͫͻȻģ֮ǰľܴˣ
ͫԣԺ̸ʱǶЩɵĺãǻһߣһֱںϵɽ˲طɻأûҶڡ
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һĻҶ氵̾ϧһ
һܷɲţĸ׵ĽҪġһкԸ죬׵͵λҲǳҪ
ڣҶЩףΪʲô֮ǰǸСкͿף治˾ˣˡ
кһøĸףͿһڵĸףǸСкͿףܹɳΪӺŹ֣
ͫ߰ɣ
ţ
ͫʶ˳ӵӦһȴӦסĵط
ңôռͳˣ
ҼǱߣɡͫǿһ֡
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СŴַɿǰȥúͫһͣ˵ʲôȴֲ֪˵ʲô
ǿųϲޱ׽Ҷģͫͷӿĸ֡ע
ɾڳҶҪ뿪ʱڷһͿ۵Ϳĸ׺ؾ͵Ҷǰ
ţǲߣ
ĸӣܾˡͷɢĺһҶǰ
ҶüͷĿⶸתͬʱͿۡ
˼ܼ򵥣ͿϽסţҪȡ֣Ͳˡ
ͿҲǴˣ¾һεǰʲô֣һȥ

Ъ˹ŭҵϹˣôһҵϾˣܣ

ͬʱͫɫҲ΢΢һ䣬ϣ
Ҳڴ˿̣һ֣߳һֱ
ҶĿ΢΢һߣҲλϣλ۷Ĵڡ
صɲǣй۲ǵϢԲһ£ȥˡ
صͬʱͳ˹ȥصĿ޺
ҪٲŮҪ۸ˣ
ŮҲ˵˵
㿴ҵĲӣҲͱ˿Դһͼˣ㿴ҵͷ
ոصĺϣŮģϵĹζɫرѿޱȡ
ôˣ˭ɵģѲأѲڣ
ŭ߳ո뿪һѲٷصʱ򣬺ϵĿȴҶϣ鶸ر䣡
ǣ
ûǺͫɧӲ֪һͷָҶŭ
øסڣ

ը𣬲Ҷһžȴĸ׺ȥ
ҶɱĿɲǣĸףɷ֡
ԺƾһϢޱĻ֣ץҶ档
ԼҸ׶˵ҶȻ֣ϣһ˿⡣
úÿҵôµģⱲӣҪѧҵʮ֮һҲ֪ˣúÿҵôҳ
һѽľͿ§ػӣţҪѧҪѧ⹫
㿴⹫һܸ
û˵꣬͵һͿڣĴһ£۾͵صɴ
¡¡
ɫףشҶкֱӽԼĻֺ˸鲻˵˳ƺ˺
ν丸Ů죬ҶĳǼʶˣһԣ
ҶĳЦУɽط𣬻һޱȵĹ켣˺˷ֵģ
һĻͫ۾Ҳ͵صɴ


1924 Ҷ
Ȼǵǿߣо׾꣬к鱦ȫλǵĺ
Ǿյ׷ĿǣոҶһʱ򣬾ͽһ
ҶɽȥʱȻӦļ죬ޱȵĵϢȻͱ伲ӣɽĽ⣬˲Ϣûںӳĳɫ֮С
ǣ͵Ľ֮ͣ
ɢȥǺǺܱͫߵѲһ֮ɫ
ĺ帾ˣźģȻ̲סʧЦ
Цո֣Ǻ帾˾͵סͣĿЩֵ̿Ŀ˺
Ȼȥ콣⣬ҶڵΪԪ߶ɽĺ鱦Ĺܹ˵ǿߵġ
׾֮£ִټҲͶ߳ɵ
һһ֮£ȻȥɽĽ⣬һĽȴҶĽʳϡá
ʱõƮڵأ¶˺ϰǳɫë塣
ҲΪԭǸ帾ʧЦ
ͬʱʸѲȴҲʧźǳɫëϰĿҲ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ԭϵĻϰë
һɫѿ
ݺݵĵѲͷһۣҶĿ⣬ȴӵķŭ
Ҳû뵽һССĳͻȻ˶αװ
廯Σػһȫߡ
ǣҲûС
ں֮Уλϣνȫߡ
ǽȫεͷļ峤֮С
£ȫΪΡ
û뵽ȴҶˡ
˵飬ŭ
Ȼʱգĳ֮λѾȣ⴫ȥչ׮š

ų֣ɫⶸشӺӿ۷Ϣ˲Ϣޱķſ
Ҷ¶֮ɫŮ˰ԵһɫպҶ뿪ˣָô۸ͫء
ԣҶ⣬Ҫһɫ
۷Σ
ҶɢźϢα֮ʱ֮Уһֱȴû¶ĵǿߣشе¡
ϣҪȫ֣ҹܲţǣͿɽȫ֣ͿɽҺΪ𣿡ֵλһŭ߳
ϲıĻϾͷߵȼĺβѶ뼸λǾ̫ϳǳã
Σҿɵˣ
ļɫĺ߳úɫӵѿǺҲǺεȵĴҲλֵĺûκζģֻǾ¡
ǣǰǱҶӣֱֵѵ⣬ʵЩҲס
λֵŵĺβѶ˷һ˵춯أǾԻᾪͿɽ⣬λ޵̫ϳϣҲûпܡ
һ̫ϳϣ£䲻˺á
ԣȻԸ⣬ٹҲסǻյǿֲĵϢ
⣬ϣ˼ͫйأҲҺڲʵֻһᣬϲ󡭡
סڣ
£ŭҵ˱йڣһȣֱָλֵŭ£еọ̃߿Իᴦ
ֵĺһͣɫֻ֮࣬ܽٴ֮С
ţɣ֮ͫҶ飬壬Žڡ
ȻŹҺӵܣ񼫣Ѻ֮Уͽ֮
ͫ޷׸֪ڸģͬ壬Ѻ˼꣡
һһ˵ȸޱȵȻ
Ѳ֮еֵھӣޱȣ¶˷Ȼ֮ɫ
Ϊ̫ˣ̫ˡ
ͫѺ˼꣬ȴͫҶͷ֮
һ˾ĺӣ䵽ص̫磬ֻòһ죬ͻΪҶѪʳ
Ҫɱˣնɱ
ͿзҲüͷ
Ǻȴһ˷ܣŸʲô϶˳ˣǻִУ
źһǾζߣһѲѶж
Ҷ棬ʱȴ·һ㣬ĶųԺлģֻкղ˵֣Ҷ飡
Ҷ
Ҷ飡


1925 ɫ
Ҷ֣һ㣬ҶԺݣᣬҶ˲Ϣ뵽һ˵Ŀܡ
Ǿ˵ĿܣǾ˵ʵ
Ҳڴ˿̣ҶΪʲôųһĸо
Ҷڴ֮ǰûмȴҶŮʮģ߷ָҶ棬Ҷ濴ź죬ȴôҲ벻
ҶǴӳԼӰӡ
뵱½޵ڣҶͫΪŶ˷֮ʵ
ôгǺ顣
ҶΨһɻģ뿪½ʱҶͫз֮ʵѾˣ뿪ʱҲûͫһ뿪
ЩȴҶ룬ҶѾȷҶ飬ͫĺӡ
ͬʱҲĿġ
֮ǰεǿһҪҶȥͫȻİ취
ΪѾ֪ͫĺҶҶģŲһеĽҶҺͫ
һжˣ
һ̣Ҷޱȵ
֮ǰ½ʱͨۻԻкͫǰսʱҶ˵һ䣬Ҷʱȥͫ
Ҷ浱ʱҲû⣬ȥͫܶҶҲͲܡ
ʵǸʱԻ˾֪˺ͫĺҶġ
ЩĶ
ǣҶȴһֱ֪ˡ
Ҷ˼Ѿ˳ֵ
˿̣ҶֱԼˣԼô˺֪
ͫĿǰĴҲĲⲻ˳ģҶһҪҺͫԭɡ
Щ꣬úͫԿˡ
һˣҶ۾Щ졣
Ҷ˿̣ȫ𾪵УߵΡ
ͫһ߳ȴҶ档
ס֣ҿ˭ҶҵĺͫԲڳǰһ޴ɨӰš
ͫôȻ˺ϵĶƣŷ쭡
״ǵЦðȻΥ汾ϵ浱巨ǰ裿
ţ£
ţ
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ҿԣ뽫ֿ
˵䣬ҶָĴ˺ͫ촽ס˺ͫͫ齻ɡ
㡭
ͫЩԥҲЩġ
ǿˣҶȷʵЩʵǺĵ̡
κһ壬һ壬ǵĵҰǾ޷̵顣
ǿҶǼᶨ񣬻ޱȵţͫͻȻͷˡ
ĵ˵ͷҶ飬׵վҶ
ԺͫıѩҶ淴ӦҲѾףҶѾ뵽ʲôˡ
һ壬ڲ๣Ц
ûʲôܵģ
ҶĴһָĿ⿴Сè
ԴڻüǸͦظзеСèҶָһ»üգͳŻüХ˼
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üٵСè˼䣬ͲóһɫͷͱԼݡ
ɫöƣһ䣬Ķ˻üۣͱҲûϵҶ߸ŵŮȻǻĳ໢ĳü
ü໢빫ϣðǣƾһƣ޷Һڲ񣡡һ˻üһӡ
ǿƣҲûǿƵһƣܹĵز
𣿡
üȻޱȵЦһ־ӳһѶ
ѶȻޱȵͿɽڶ֮䡣
ȴǿĺüķѶȻֱͿɽߵһ޴꣬ǣڡ
гסģ˺Ҵ֮⣬ֻļλ̫ϳˣ
Ϣ֮һڳ߼
⻹δһЦʹԶüС޶ʲôˣȻͷˡ
ʱɫʹ˴䡣
ΪǺ塪̫ϵ


1926 ٻ
һͷߣ£ֻǴһ۽ŵڣͺͬü˼ҳ
üСѾͷðɣǸƢûиһİλ̫ϣһأͼ˻üͷĲˡ
һĻѾ˿ϣϸУ͸ż
ͿүүҸ˼ңأȰЩƢѾżǻ𱬵ıһ¡üЦŴ
ż𱬵ıһ£Ϳüһ漴Ц໢ԽԽˣ
˵һģɵĻͿʵӽô໢ſɻ˳֣
˵ͿһɣأԽԽԲҶ޲һ٣ҵԽԽˡһ໢ξʦͿףüͺ޵
ԣͿЦ
Ϊսԭ̫磬һֱһӹ塣
ңȫӹģԼеķʽ
̫޵Ĵڣһֱһ
̫ĿǰеۣϾ̫ǿȻ۵ûгͳ̫硣
Ų츳ѪǿԴڡ
Щƾ츳ѪͨͿԶԿ컯۵ǿ̫綼
ǣ̫ССǧ֮Уȴһֱ֮µĵһ
һֱӵģʵΪһǣ޶ȴ˸Ҷ
ĸӹʽйء
֮Уʵǿǹ¡
ǼƣͲôˡ
˵׻ۡ໢ڻЩڷǳı
෴ģЩڻ꣬νϾ飬ǽƻ̶ȣԲһܹ񼰵ġ
ǣƻƻֻǸˣڴķ棬µ̵һӦ˰ԴͳﰲţսԼȵЩϣʹĲˡ
Ĳ˵ǼǮһ
ǣⷽ棬һĺ壬ҲǾޱȡ
ΪǿĺСж伮֮ͨǾʦš
ЩͷֱͶЩǿ£ȡǵΣǵľʦңıߡ
ԴȨӰ
ϣǱߣкʦҡ
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ȻҲǸͶȥܻǼλΣΪǵľʦҡ
һദܽĹ̡
¾ǺٸĴڣҪһλ۵Σޱȵѡ
ϣųɾϵۺһëɡ
ôĺ岻٣ȡλĺҲǲ١
ЩеĴڣ־ʦְҵ˼Ҵҵ
ǰλΪͿĺ̫ϣˡ
ڳ໢µģͼǮС㻨Ĺ򣬲ȡ˳໢ΣΪ˳໢ľʦҡ
˺󣬸໢ǧ˰꣬ɹó໢֮еĵڶ
ԼҲ໢ԴΪɹƽ˵۷塣
꽥ϣͿҲĺ֮Уһܲܳ컯ͻƳΪ컯ˡ
ǳ໢ȴԸʦְ
ͿͽͿ͵˳໢ߣǰͿѾͿԽİꡣ
֮ͿԾʦֵݣͿ׸һ໢ֱ໢ϿͿ׵ų׽񽻸ͿףԼȴصͿɽ
Ȼթǣеĺ壬ʱ򣬶Ὣͷķ
Դ
ͿҲ⡣
صʣµʱ컯ܳɹȻԪǲܣҲҪ
Ϳγ໢ʦǧʱ䣬Ϳڳ໢ºȨڣ㹻չ˺ͱ
Ҳνĺٻˣ
Ϳγ໢ʦʱͽͿΪ˺ʮ֮һ
ת֮һͻƵ컯ͿҲ񣬾Լ˸̫ϳϵͷǱȥˡ
ȻͿǱȥˣûκ˸һͿڵͷ
ֻҪͿ໢ĹϵڣֻҪͿͿȻΪ໢ЧôͿڵķһһġ
ҲΪ뵽һ㣬ʱĺϣɫޱȵѿ
ЦУͿЦͻһգĿɨӹڳˣޱȡ
ĸ۵Ķ˳üѾͷüѾͷ˵ĸ۵㣬үүҽ첻ӳͿɭɭ˵
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ţ
ͿɭĿⶢ˺úæ̫ϳϣģûС
žžž
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㣬ǵ۷ΪͿ۷Ϊѹȡ
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ȻռͿԵɾ͸ƣʵǾˣ
ͫҲޱȵ촽Ҳû뵽λ̫ϳϣһλĳϣȻ˵ͳ飬ǵʵ顣
ھǿʳǿΪ˵ڲƳ絽˼¡
ںͿ֮䣬ͿΪȺǿܶ࣬ͻȨںڲڲϣǿ֪ȥˡ
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ԣ˿̵ı飬ޱȵίҲš
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СèҿƤ˰ǰүӦ㳢ζ
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Ҵˣ
ЩģСèףӲûκκôġ
õİ취ǸϽϴ
ͷҴˣ˵ҷŵĲ°ô
ţȱ򣬲Сٴ
٣ˣСè˵
һСһҶгͣҶֱۣΨоͷһ첻￴֡
ȻⲻǾͷ治֣ļһûȨЩѧˣ

Сè͵͵ĻХ˼˭Ҳûע⣬ǻüȴһ䣬ָٴָźŭ
ͿүүøʵǲĭӶ絽ˣ㽫Ҹϳ𣡡üȵ
ҵڣ
ǿˣͿҲҴ򣬾ͱ˵ˡ
Ҷ췢ģĶλСûʲôôԶĭҲ粻ȥ
ǣͿȴκν͵Ļᣡ
ߣܲŮܣ
һߣͿҲûһо˼ӡݺݵĳ˺ϣֱӽĸ߸߷𣬿Ѫ磬һݣ
£ǲˡ
ǰҶ˰ֱͿһ飬һ㳹׵ĵˡ
һ⣬նȥģ˵жж
ƫƫʹʹȴһҺ°
νĶжĥ
һĻ۵ֱѪ
˭ŮͷⰡôûԸŮء
ʹʹ˵֡
Ҫ棬֪ʲôĳͷأ
˵ҲԼ˶
ȻҲףǸոջûõ̫Ϳڽأء
˵ͿȻΪ̫ϳϣǻڣ
üѾͷɻ۸㣿̫ͿĹˣŵúһѲͿ۵ͷҲһͳ顣
Ϳүү˵ҲûʲôҪҺλͫʱ򣬷ĶͿ治𡭡
üһͨǰǰȻмٲͼӴףʵġ
һΣͿȴûϴãĿһֱźͫòſ
Ҫзͫؽ꣬ҪͫŮҶϳ𣿡Ϳȵ
̫ϳϣͫˣ۸
סڣ
Ϳһ߳׵ģһžͽ߷ɣΪ峤ϣ˽̣˵
ѪĺһĿɫ˽ѵͿܺõȥ
˵ףΪͿˡ
гһա
еĺ⣬εķǳá
Ϊϣ˽зŽ꣬˼
Ƿǣѹͬ壬ȥʮ꣬令УźͫǸ޶ʮǣԾЧȣ
ͿԻˣ٣ȥĸ̣
˵һӦãͿ˫һȿɷ
һ뵽֮ɪɪǺǲҷ
̫ϳϵзҷ˵仰ʱ򣬺ͷҧ˫ȭ߬ġ


1927 㲻ߣ
壬㿴ǧΪģ
㿴ľҴСﵽ󣬿ɺˣ
ЩСС׺СӣССʨӶҵС顭
СԺľ飬ȴʰĺܸɾҶ棬޲һӽеĶܸҶ档
Ⱥͫ첽ѾҶӡ
һҩζҶȴǿһµ¯
ţ¯ĸõģǣ
壬׿ˣĺö尢̶ﹺҩ
ҶˣͫںڣӦΪҿ¯ӣԱʱõƷʯͫƵĵҩƷҲһ㣬ӼֵӦòߣ׬ӦǮ֡
һˣҶͷٴһᡣ
Щ꣬úͫͳܿˡ
ҶԼôôٶۣͨۻŴѣô벻ء
ںͫΪʲôԼк£ҶҲǺͫġ
Ҷͫһη֮ʵ˫̫ѵ²˵ºֱϹķ¸ˡ
µʱܲһĻ߶뿪Ҷ֮£ֻºͫȥҷ¡
Ҷͫʱ顣
ҪȻͫҲ˵ǵҶԸϬǸⱨ顣
ԺͫĽȻԴΪҪЮҶ渺ˡ
ԣ˺ӣͫɾԼҶ͸¶һֱڡ
ţҶ۾Щʪˡ
ǵٲ£˼ⲻȫ
壬壬쿴׸ұĻ׸ĻСˣҶһСȸһ㣬Ҷǡ
һĻո߽ĺͫľǱײһ㣬Īһʹ
֪Щ꣬Ƿһףǡ
׶ãЩһְܿɣҶ温˻
׶ҿɺˣΨһ㲻áС졣
һ㲻ãҶЦʵ
飡ÿ춼ҪǿҶһʱԻҪġʹһСָҶ濴
ҶĿһۺͫͫҶõ˼ʮ㡣
֪Ϊʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
֪Ҷҡҡͷ
øѧĸ֪ʶԸǿ¸ңˣܹȥ棬һȫһ硣Ҷ˵
һ磿Ҷҧָ
Ҷ̸֮ʣüСèǧҲ߽СԺڡ
ͫݲ裬һ̹Ҷǧ̣æȥߴӺͫӹ㣬Щ½ͺá
ͫһǧ˳ֶ˲裬Ȼ˳ĽһŵҶǰڶŵ˻üǰָͫһԼġ
һУǧ̫̾ˡ
Ҷĵӣµӷ
źͫҶϵ򵥣ŵЩҶҶĳѾƶϳһʲô
ͫʦҶĹϵԲһ㣬һ˺ӡ
ȻȻģǧ̾ͽͫŵ˸ʦҶһļϡ
ںĴ½ʱҶηɰһǧҲ̵ġ
ǣηɰ֪ǧҶĹϵɺ֪ͫ
ǧ̷ò˪һҶʱ¶绨Ц̣˳쳣
Ů˵кֱúͫȷǧ̸Ҷϵ϶򵥡
ôҶǧʲôϵأ
ںֻͫܵĹϵһ˪Ůˣ˲ϢЦ绨
ֻǷ޻ˣ
жϣ֮ͫǰ飬Ҳ˲ȴ
ԭЦ䵭м־ǧ֮⡣
Ҷǰз¡ܡµˣЩͫ½ʱ֪ˣҲǿԽܵġ
ǰǧ̣ҲǲԽܡ
޷ǰʩһɡ
ҶͺӣһŮˣʩᣡ
ڿĸӡ
ͫҪκ˵Ŀ
ȥ棬ҶҪ̸ͫͻ˵
Ҷ塭ƺúҶɫһ͡
ҶͷӦ˹ǸĿڣҲҪһ̡
ҪҶ档û˿뿪˼


ȥͫһˡ
򱻺ͫŵģСһƲľʹҶĻ뿪ˡ
ҶεӣͫóŰɣҲû¡
ȥͫûҶ棬ٴγųһ
ȻƽʱͫܽзһȣòԸĳεƲ뿪˷䡣
ҶЩΣҲףͫΪʲôͻȻ俪ʼ
Ҷң֪Ϊ£
ͫʽ˵ҶЩ£ôƺ
ͫǡ֪ҲԣЩ̫ٶۣ̫ˣͳܿˣҡ
ûκιϵ
ͫһ仰ʹҶĻҶ󼱡
ǣ֪ͫ
Ҷʲô⣬ֱ˵лĹģĸӻĺܺãҪκ˵ĴšҪûʲôµĻˡұǸҪͿˡͫĻ˵ĺܾ
ǣͫһᣬ𡭡
룡ˡԶֱͣͫվ˲Ϳ͡
һĻĻüǧĪĿɿڴġ
ղŻúõģôͻȻҪˡ
˻µǧ̣Ҳһ֪
ںģǧæסͫȰ㣬ʦ
Ҳ㣬ͫƢĻ𱬣ֱƿǧ̵֣Ҷ룡
Ҷ󼱣Ҷ浱Ȼ뿪ǺֶͫȴǸϬ
ҶŲͫԼȴƲȥȻҶߣĴݣҲ벻Ǿֻĸ뿪ˡ
Ҷ󾪣æסͫһĿɫͫͲܸҸᡭ
Ҷ˵£û¾뿪ߣߣ
⡭
ͫ˾ҶܽͫֻܿЦ˵¡
˵꣬㽫Ŀǰͫ˵ˡ
ƴʥ˵ϴμ֮ôûͫһľ
ǰ˵㣬ҸӪķ˵а취ҶʱֻܽȻͫ͡
ǣͫȴҶκλᡣ
£֪ˣллҶǰţӪ飬һ취ˡ룡
ͫһ֣ٴҶ뿪Ķ
Ҷ治ͫٴԼ뿪ҵʱҶֻһЦţ뿪ɵĳȻ󱻺ͫϳԺӡ
ʼգҶ涼һ±
֮ǰúõģôͻȻͱأ
Ҷʻüǧ̣Ҳһ֪
ƫƫ飬ǿͫԸ⣬ҶǧֶΣҲǰ״
ֻںͫСԺſؽⲽȴ취ҲϣܹͫͻȻת⡣
һȣĹ
ǣҶ沢ûеͫĻת⣬⼸ҲڲóҶ档
ǣڵʱҶȴһˡ
Ϳɽڣһ˶ӷ׵δԶ˺ͫСԺǰ
˸һأ죿
һҶǿһ㣬ϲ֣


1928 
첻ǱˣǵҶһ½뿪֮һ顣
⡣
ͨۻʨԡ顢ͫͬ½̫֮󣬳ϵӦҲǺ顣
ΪֹҶҲûи׺ͫʲô뷨ΪʲôԸס
ҶʣǺͫȴᶼ
ͫϵڣҶйͨһ£㲻ʲôԭ
Ҷǰǲ֪гȻ˵ͫ˷֮ʵҶҲȷʵ̬Ҫ𣬵ģҶغͫԸ
Ҷ֮ǰ뷨ǣֻҪͫԸ⣬Ͳǿ
ڣ˳ͲһˣҶҪ
ⲻΪҲΪףΪ˺ͫ
Ҷ֪ͫ϶ҪȻҲôһ˺ĸóҶ
ԭҶ²һ£Ӧ뵱ķײ֮ͫĺ·߶뿪Ҷ֮ºͫȥҷйء
Ǹʵ̫ˡ
ΣҶһ취úͫԼ
ףҶֵܣ
Ҷ棬һȻ͵ǰϲޱȵķסҶļͻҶֵܣôˣ
û뵽ͫҶֵ㣬̫ˣ
ˣԽģ֮ҲԽ飬ߴװ룬Ǿһ㣬ʱҶһҡҡҶֱۡ
ҲҶѾСɣҪȻҡܰҶҡɢܡ
ûҶҡף͵ǹ֣ҶؿھһȭֱҶҵĺѪӿ
ҲǣСӦͫˣСҪٲǸ缸׼ȥ鷳ָҶı
ҶЦ
ȻҲ֪£һ˲֪
£Ҷ滹ûֻܹ֪ͣ
ˣȻˣΪʲôȥͫʵ㲻ỹûмɣ
ˡҶٴοЦ
˰ɣսҶ棬㿴ûСüۼСӣ̫ˡ²֪Ҷ档
֪ˣҵĺӡ
ôȥ۾һɣҪ
ҽȥˣˣɻҿ˵£ְͫҸϳˣҶſڵˣͫǲҽȥҶε
ˣҲˣǲȥ˼һᣬһתȻᰡҽȥͫ˵
ߵͫſڣͿֻԳԭһСèü
ȻСèе仯һϳСè˳ָСèһš
СĻĸϻСҲûѧá
һŴСèĺ£Сèǲĵͺһ
Ҹү
żЦһСèԴ
ˬСèһߣһֻצ𣬾ӭơ
оСèǻצ̺ҲСè֮⣬ԭЦһƣؼٷ
һצһײһ𣬷˾װ졣
УŵŵԸѸٺ׵ƣٿСè齥ò
䣬Сè˺ü飬ü˹һĿⶢСèغڣ
Сż꣬ôģ
ĿеģװϵСèǿٴһͺһڵϣ˳ֽͱýСĻĻ
⡭һƵĿҶ档
£֪Ժ˵ȥͫҶ漱
ðɣЩ˼ɦɦͷû뵽겻СʵȻһǿˣ
ƿԺţֵ
Ȼ죬
˰ô
²¿һθʲôóԵģ
һֱյűƿһС죬¶˳СԴСĵĿԺҶһۣȻ˵󲮣㲻ָҴ˰ɣײҳԣ˵Զݻỵ
ôỹأθʶأŶӰʱŸ򵽡
ӹݸʶһҧСϾ¶˲֮ɫȻСһСϾд㡣
ǽһЦ
ǣģģСģǡСèӳ˳˵
ҶʾСèסų͵͵һҶǣҲЦݡ
Ҷڴڴܲʳ
ʱһˬĴӺͫ߳Ҷͷһ


1929 ¾µĺ
һ߹Ҷͷ߰˸ˮͰ£Ŷַҡ
˵ʵԵǿʱҶ涼ûŹ
Ҷŵע£һߵҶǰԥľ͸Ҷһȭ
˵Ҷֵܣôô£
ѪӿҶ棬һ±ƣ磬ô£˵
ĿҶǧϣͣ˼ϢҶֵܣҲǸˣȻҲ⣬ǣ˭û檣˭黨ǲݣЩҶ⡣
ΣһͫǵĸӵģյС檹ǳͫػ԰ڡ
żû߾ֶˡ
ʵ˵Ǹܡ»Ǹʦ㣬ǰɵС檣Щ꣬˶Ůˣʵ
յС檣
ǧɵۣҶ棬ٴ±ơ
ҶܿͷӦ˹˲Ϣͽǰ˸ࡣ
ǧԸҲͨ죬Ȼ˵ҶҪҲûжٷأҶԽãԽҶ棬ҶҲӵ⡣
νŮӢۣ
ǣĿǰΪֹǧ̸Ҷ֮䣬ûʲô
׵Ҷ棬һֳײĸо
ҲȥԭԴǳǧϰ
˰죬ԭǺͫҶǧ̵Ĺϵ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ˸սǻᣬǧźҶˮΡ
Ҷƽʱǧ̷̹ˣʱֻźͳ棬Ҳû⡣
ʱΣͫĸо¾Ͳˡ
ͫǲǧ̵ݣ»ûлصҶߣҶߵˣͿʼԴס
ԺͫȴӣҶһ˸ϳҲͲˡ
飬ԭüҶ棬ϾȻһ˿Ц⡣
ˣҶֵܣⲻص㻰أ㾹ȻЦ
ҲЩˣǼͫĹϵеǶ֣ȥһͨʣͫȥʹһ£˵ҶǴһŮ˹ġ
ԼнţҪԸԴףó
ǣûЦҶæ
㵱Ϲ۾ǈM
ǡ
ʵҶЦ֪ʵԭҶʵҶİɣͫԴ£һ棬ʵﻹҶġ
ҪȻʲôף
磬ᰡ£ᰡҶæǧҵĹϵе֣ҵͽܰҸʦͽϵ
һ£漴ЦҶֵܣûǻۼǰ浱ˣ
ͽܣһصļһһص߰Ϊʦɵˣͫɵ
ǡ
ǧ̣£ǰЩ۵Ҷ˵
ǧǰ渽ָǰ䣬ϳҶǰʦһ¡
£˵ĺǾþǧ̣ƫƫ˵ޱ棬Ҳһһġ
İ֮Ҳһ£Ҳû뵽Ȼ۵顣
ҪĻ⻹Ǹᣬšԥһ£ٴתźͫСԺȥ
СԺڣͫѾɺ졣
Ȼ棬˵Ҫû뷨ǲܵġ
ԣҶֱʱǧ̽ʱ͵
һߵ޵ݡ
ΪǻûлصҶߣǧ̾ͿʼԴˣû뵽Ը׺
ˡ
ȥһһ۵ĽͫţͫԸѹûȥ١
һ⣬µô죿
ôñط꣬͸һεĴЩ˼Ҷ档
ҶôҶͽǧأ
죬´ֵģʵϣ˼ȴΪϸܣ̸ϸ緢ϣҶͨۻӵĿףϸġ
鷢˺ͫĿǰĴһ˼⣬˵ͫҶֵôû
ͽһã׼СˣҸҶֵܺ
ͫͷһͷӦһ
Ҷֵܣɴкþƣȵ
Укþƣ
㲻Һȼ̳СӲĵ̶Ȱɣ
ôᣬã
ƨ־͸Ͻƴ̳˭˵ˣ
ã
ҶԴϲǧ̣üСèٴν˺ͫԺ䡣
սţҶĻҶඣඣ
ͫȴû¶棬ֱȥ˺׼Ʋˡ
ʦȥæǧ˵
ȥɡҶͷ
СԺڣǰæǧ̣һ䡮ʦ㡯ĳƺͽͫ˸
ʦᣬҪЩ꣬һֱźʦӣէһĹ
ǧ̵ĿͫҲû֮ǰôˡ
ڣҶſӴĺơ
ҶǸˣͫǽ
ǱģҶˡ
˵ĺ˼̳Ҷһι£˳ͨۻԵ
Ҫ֪йڵĿţǴӿغڻε˧Ҷ֪һֱ뷽ӪҶ֪Ŀǰ
Ҷһԣһţңˣֱͫ´ˣȻ˺磡
ʲô˼Ҷһɻ
š
ųȥۿһߵΡ
ȻޱȵһоϢо
ĵģ⣬СԺסɲǣСУһ͵һ졣
һ˶ͷӰһǸߴ׶ࡢŰɫ׵ӰʹĿзɳ˵ϡ
Ҷ濴һۣòޱȣ类װڶˡ
һɲǣͨۻ˺ۣ΢ϢģҶ;ʲôˣôˣ
ԣ鳤̾һ㲻֪һΣһ춯صĴ£ңҲòĴָ


1930 
ʲô춯صĴ£˵ôأһɨҶͱޱȡ
Ҷֵܣ˵
һҶʹĻʵ˭õģ
ҰһĲ졣
ǴĻԵ壬㾹Ȼˣ֮УȻ˻𣬵ȴ
ƣԭΣ񣬿˵Ѿһߵĳ̶ȡҶһء
Դ󾪣Ҷֵܣңϵʱ򣬽һöֻ˵ˡߡ֣ͻ˹ȥ
Ҳû취ųŰ˵ġҡӣ˵ģҲֻˡ
𼱣ҿ
ҶüͷޱȵʼͨۻԵߣϢ֮ͨۻڵƣҶѾָơ
ǣҶüͷȴĸˡ
Ǳǿ߻˵ģһλ۷Ĵڡ
֣Ҷһ
Ҷȴû̽ҪԵƣ̫ˡ
磿
Ӻ˲ĺͫػԵͨۻԣ;һ
˵ʲôǰ鿴Եơ
ͫľһ֣Ϊó
һͫɫͬҶһ㣬ޱȡ
ھϣ𣬶֮񣬵Ǻǿ󣬹Щʱˡ
µ̾ںڵһԵޱȵķϵ̾ںһֱͣĹźȥ죬ͻ
ңΪ̾ԭ򣬺һ𣡡
ʲô
ɫһӾͱûҰޱȣͫҶֵܣǿ˺ƣһܹɣ
;ƣھҵ֮иĹ򣬺Ϳȫָ⻹ǳ̾һԵޱȵķϵ
ܻƣֻ񻯣ת
ǾͻⰡʵڲУˮĥĹҲĥɣ鼱ˡ
̫ǿҹƣӦǵǿߵѹһܹģΪҪǣ̾ں֮ϣǻʱв⣬ͻ˺׻˺ͨҽĺͫ˵
⡭
ˣ͵ˤһ򣬡һûоȳһȰԼȥ⡭
𼱣Ҳа취ƺ硣Ҷ˼һ£˵
ͫһҶ磬֮̾ѵҪϸķʽ仯ȥ
вͻǹ˺׻˺԰ա
İɡ
Ҷһгģ
ҶֵܣȻа취ǾͿȾȺ硣˵յϣǿͫϣҲ鼱ˡ
˵ʲôҵĽ磬ôܲȣҶһأǣҶ־Ⱥ֮ǰȽ˵
絽׸ʲô춯صĴ£ôܵģ׷ô£ûб˶ϡ
ȸЩӦԣȺ硣򣬾ι̱ϣǿɾ鷳ˣʧܣºҶԽԽо
鿴ȥû£ͨۻԣǱ׷ɱġ
ڣҪȷȫ֮ԡ
ܿģͽ˳
֮ˣԭ򣬻Ϊ
أ취޷ȳ
ǡɷ궫۴٣ַ궫԰ҳ֮ʱ۾ͽ˴֮ʣóʮңʹʥ
ⶫ۵԰еңϹһǧ꿪һǧһǧ졣
Ҫ죬ÿö۵ѵĽһΣһʮΣܽҡ
ãǲ䱾ԴҲ٣
һңٰ˰أ˰֮ãЧ룬ãЧټ롣
ÿǧٳһţͿԳ׻ҩٴٰ˰ꡣ
Чƾ졣
൱ÿһңͿԻһǧꡣ
֮ÿһţ޼֮
ںĴ½˰ٳǻһң޷
ΪҪǣңǶų̫Ķ֮⣬ܹң
ЩԪĴڣҵһ
ĺڻҲԪִڣһֱڶ෽Ѱҡ
ƫƫ׻۲ԸۣΪԪĹϵǼ֮ʵǿĴڡ
۲Ը⣬ûܹǿȡ
£ͨۻԾͽ˺ڻϣŪһңȻԴΪӺڻｻ͸⾪󰸡


1931 屡
еĶĵرֲרʺĵرķСֲġ
ֶٷֲ֮ضСڡ
£ͨۻ˵ǵȡң֪ûһ˿ܡ
ǣǡ궫۴٣óһԼµһֶʥ
ܹΪ̫ǿۣÿǧ꣬ͻóһʹ¡
˵µĺüλʥǳÿǧġ
λߴʥԪҲĶ¼ҡ
һʥܹһǧ꣬Ҳǳɹˡ
ͨۻԻת̫磬Ȼͻתˡ
̫֮г򡢳ĺ壬ֻһ֧
Ǿڰٹɽ壬һλ̫ŷ׹źѪɾ͵˵Ϊȫ̫ŷ׹ź̫ۣͨҲҪɵ֡
˺һΨһλΪ׹źչţй
һλսǿȻǸ£ߴѹĶ
գλ׹źͶ˶۵£ͨۻع֮ҲֻͶλ׹ź¡
Ͼ̫ĺ壬ǿҲһֻѡ
Ͷλ׹ź֮ͨۻӣϾǺһ֮Уе̫Ѫ
ͨۻֳޱȾ˵ٶ֮λ׹ź̬ȴ˱仯
½ϡͨۻǴեȡһþȫҲ١
ǺĴ½Ԫȴ½ļʮֹ½ַեȡԪйµĺˮһࡣ
ͨۻԵΪʮһֲޱȵٶͻͽ
缸׹źʹĺԵΪһͻȻһء
ǣǰԵΪͻƵأ츳ͨҲоѵʱ򣬷׹ź̬Ⱦͱˡ
ԭ̬ȣͳ˴ѹ
˵Ƿ׹źɵͨۻĳɳٶȣֲٶȣ½вĵλԲſʼѹ
ͨۻԵӣͱò̫ù
׹źȥμӶ۵磬ΪһλԶһλ֮֮ϵǰȥμȻٲų
´ʥѡһͿܹ࣬ųĺǰȥμ硣
⼸걻ѹʼܴͨۻԣȻܱѡΪ̵ġ
ǵڶ֮󣬷׹źֵµһλʥȴͨۻȴ̵ĺ֮С
´󾪡
˭֪Щ׹źλͨۻԡ
ѯԭԵ֮ǰŵλｫҹʱ߻ħˣ޷УС
λʥһ£ջûʱٻˣ϶ᾪ׹źʱ˹ɾͲˬˡ
һ֮Ук׹źƢɲôá
Ե˳ŷ׹źǰ۵
ȻҲ֪λʥ߻ħĺｫʵǱ
£Լȱ㵽ҲûκοܽӴҵġ
Ϊ̣ܹմĹ⣬һˮϯ㲻ˡ
ļһһɵһλеȹ£֮ѻꡣ
֪йҵһЩ
ҵǣֵ磬ɫ˵ȶޱȵæµʧһеȹ£ֻЩµȴ׷䡣
Ͼʱڣһȡ
õ֪˶԰ڣҲǰ״
ȥ
ȥˣҲûʲô
ǣͨۻԻҵ˻ᡣ
統죬ۻóһʹͣңۼ֮ޱȵƯˡ
һժ룬̶̰ʱ֮ھͻʧȥɫͰ͵ģҩԺȴ˿١
ȻҩԺò˿٣ֵ磬˵óһͰ͵Ĺʹ£ϣҲ̫ÿ
Ƕ̫ʵһҲǵһȵġ
ԣÿ궫ʹңͻµĵŮɶǰ԰ժҡ
ŮɶƮƮ̺׹ѾΪ֮ʱһ羰
ͨۻԣͽʱ˴˴
һӵŮɶŸողժңԶͨۻʱ
ʩչͨѸײڶ֮ƣʮ˿ҡ
ػӵŮɶ˧ʥӦɲǣͨۻѾһҵմŲ˲ϢԶʮ￪⡣
Ǵҡ
Ҫǣжãƽжá
˵ڴ٣ǵҶûйһΡ
һͻıʣЩֵص˧ʥЩ£Щ
λشʥԼȥ׷մŲҪģǲۼ׷ѡ
Ҳ׷ٷ֮λʥЩֵ̿Ľ»㱨˶ۡ
Ķһ˸֮ʱңɹˡ
Ȼŭ
ǻԶݶȥ׷
֮ӵ츳ͨڶָ࣬ģؼʱܹ̾á
һλܿӲζ˷׹źźһ飬̣һ
ԵɣǸ֮ǰûл㱨ĴʥһţŶ۱ʾһʱ䣬ضὫԵͨۻԵͷ꣬͵˶ǰ
һʹʥ˧ûţȴ۸һͨ˵˶ۡ
һڴʥ˧Ȼڵķ˷׷ͨۻԡ
ͨۻٶһ㣬Ȼһ·мҲһλʥ׷ˡ
ŭ֮£ȻǺ顣
ͨۻƵƵˣգͨۻҵ˻ᣬʩչͨ۵ɽͨöʮɽңƴҪλʥش
ҵǣ֮ͨۻӦľѲԶ
һͽͨۻ̽˸УԼһͷɽʳԵҰɹı۹Ѷǰĺ֡
ڷ׹źƤӵ£˵ͨۻһ٣ͼҺͫҪΪ˸ͨۻˡ
Ҷһ߸ͨۻˣһŸո˼ֵͨۻһĸľ
ʱʱĻȳ鰵ɫ顣
˵ֵܣͲͣ۰Ҷͷ϶ҿڸڶͷ϶ĵһ˰
ͨۻԵҫҶһţǳ˳һַͷĪж
ͨۻΪֵܰŸ⾪¡
ֲ֮ǰҲ˵òźĴָ
£˧
屡죡
ޣ
ҶͷԸӵ⣬ǹźӶҵ飬Ҷҡ
ˣҪϸŵĵˣҪ˵ˡҶĻͨۻ͵رͣ


1932 ҪˣҪʬ
˵ֵܣŵ㰡Ǹƹصұûڹźǿɾԩոձͣͨۻһͨ˵
Ҫ˵ҿɾͲұ֤ˣҶ˵
һΣͨۻԽı͡
ʵ£ҲɲͨۻСҶ϶֣͸°Сֵ϶ûʲô
вأǿɾһӵ顣
һԣͫҲĶҶ棬ͨۻԵƣȻѣԵǿȣⲢ
ѵ̾ϵǹɵ
ΪֹͫΨһܹ뵽˷ֻ
һɳֵλջһ̾ڵĵɱȳֵλǿĴڣǿлǹңַҲ֡
֮⣬ͫ벻κη
ҶţԾǺͫҲǳĺ棬Ҷ浽ҪʲôҶ档
һɫ⻪ͻȻҶ̽ͨۻڡ
ͫĿһǰ⣬ȻӦ˿
֮ǰ⣬
ǣؼ䣬ܹķأ
úͫȵǣֵɲǣȻһϵ𺳡
ǸоϿɽһ
ͫеľ֮ɫʱٺ棬ҲֻܶĿţ˿ҴŵҶ档
ڴͬʱ֮һɽϿգ׹źӰ֮УƵƵը죬׹Ƽ䣬һֲɷһ㡣
ȻֻǷ׹źķͶӰҲƷǷ
ԣĿǰϹ㱨λʥ
ôˣûⶼˣǸòñǵԴԪ׸۱°ɣ
׹źΣһɫëȴδȥһںɫëӳڵӾ͸ӵĺˡ

ƸոָĺʯʥʯаԴʱһСģǰЩ죬ͨۻԾǴѵģ
޹ͬʱҲ˷׹źһѵ˵ҲǹŹ֣˱شڣһҲĵ֮֮ϡ
ֻҪڣҾܹӦλá
Դ֮ҾҲӦڵˡпܴšʯʥúСġ
ʲô
пܴҲֻˣŻ᳹׵ʧ
ĳԳһĿռأź߳ΣҪˣҪʬҲҵʱ򣬾ֻܰԴ͸ǰϢŭˡ
أйΪҪһ£ôˣ׹źһλ۴ʥ
شʱǲȥѲ٣ĺģ⼸һ̫ͬ硣
Щ̸ѡ
ǿн
ǻ߼鱨Ե⼸λУ䲻˵Ƿ±Ѻˡܵһλʥµ飬Գǰ뿪˾ԴԳº󣬾䲻
飬пԵĽӦߡһˣǾһŮꡣ۴ʥ˵
Ǵô飿ʵ
ش˹ͨԣ֪֮⣬ǴͺͫΪͻƿڣѰԵ䡣
Ҳ˻֪Ϊʲôҵԭ֪Ե䣡
ǻʲôȥ죡
׹źһŭ߳úʯʥ۴ʥæתԶĶһ
ӱǿ﷢һߣһ׹źͶӰŻɢؼ䡣
׹źͶӰɢȥʯʥ۴ʥǲ̵ֻӰһͣʯʥĨһѶͷ亹
ۣȥңʯʥʵ
ҲûȥҺͫɣ˴˵ܹҵһ
ȵȣ
ͻȻ䣬ʯʥ۾һգԪϢ֣ҵĲ
һɲǣʯʥͻ۾ҸӦˣҸӦˣ
Ӧʲôˣ۴ʥûзӦ
ڵǵϢֳˣ
ģ׵۴ʥˡ
Ǹ򣡡ʯʥָһ
ߣ
˵䣬˾ٶȸϢֵķ򣬵λʥɳӲʯʥ͵һͣɫõѿޱȡ
ôˣ۴ʥһĲ⡣
ʧˣ
ųֵϢʧˣʯʥһơ
ʧˣô۴ʥüͷ
˰ɣʯʥһĵǡ
Ǹ쵰ûôǰЩѾʧһΣʧһҲ֡۴ʥ˵
ǽ
˵ˣҪˣҪʬˣǻţֻҪ˳ŷŵķȥܹҵһġ۴ʥ˵
ϣ쵰ûˣɱһѶˡЦһʯʥٴ۴ʥ˸ոǵϢʧķ
ҲһɲǣͫСڣҶƣ͵뿪ͨۻԵĺ󱳣һգ͵ˣѾˡ
ô죿ͫһĲ졣
˵ôô죬һĹɣҲһĲ졣
ףûˣϵ⣬ûˣ
ͨۻԾϲ֮£͵վ𣬵ոٴξҵĿУвͣӿѪƬúͫ麧Ȼѣ


1933 ƴʥͼ
˵磬Ҳ
ҶһĵĿſвͣɫͨۻԣľһ£磬һɫĹ⻪ӿڣԿֹͣӿѪ顣
磬Ʋ϶񻯵Ĳǹɵ֮Ѿһȥ
ǣʵʵƣб鲻˵˺Ҳǿָˣһ˻ƣˡ
ƣҪָĻ𣬾Ϣ֮ڲöкת
ٺúõõҩอ꣬ɳȬҶ˵
ˣҪźãЩȻ
룬ţͫҶ˵
Ҷ˵Ļжҩอ״£ƣû꣬Ǻò˵ġͫ˵
ʲôܸɣꣿͫʱԽ˵Խ࣬Լץ
ԾǸöӣ꣬治ס
ΪǿôöԸģã´Ӳǿߣɾûôõ³ˡͫ
ⲻΪ˾𣿡ڨЦһóһöָ˵ˣһŪʮ˿ңһš
Ǵﶼһ֣˰Ԫţǧ֮ڣֻܳһš
޷ֻñָ򿪣Ȼ󣬾ӳһһţǧ̶û¡
ֵĲЩΪ֮֮Ƿֵͨһ㡣
ΪȴǲܳԵġ
ҶȴûгԣǿеҵˣҴһ£ҪתǼڣǼڣͽ¸˵ˡ
ʲô£˵Ŀ⿴Ҷ档
˵֮ǰҶ潫ǧ̴˳ȥͬʱʩһؾ磬й¶
Ͼй½飬֪ԽԽá
ǰһתһ½ڣҲǰ֮ʱ˵лǣһ仰
Ԫ֮ǰټһ棬ǷʱĻ½һˡ
ţһ֮ڡҶ油һ䡣
ʲôϼһҪۡͨۻһͼˣ͵վ𣬿ɻûվ𣬿Ѫ
ٴΰԣҶŭ磬ҪȥҸұֻ֤֮࣬󣬾컯ˣҲȲ㣡
ڨڨһЦⲻż𣿡
Ҷ磬˵һ֮ڣǲ˵ԪһӣһϢͫȦЩ졣
࣬Ҳֹ̫ۣҹƣʮԪеġҶ˵
ʮ꣬ǾͲ⣡Իеңǲٰ˰û⡣Ƚ飬һһ½
Ҳǡ
ȷʵٵǣκҪãҪһ
ҪգǰһƬ
Ѿ;ƿݣԪ޶࣬ãδ֪
Ҷ沢ûнЩ˵˵ֻͽ˵ĵĶѡ
ڵҪǣ뷨ȳġ
ڵ飬Ǽת½˵ɣҶĻѾˡ
뷨ʵǲģ£ӺڻһöһȡɣӦû⡣
ǣֻ£ϵڻ֮ǰҪ뷨һ£ΪʲôᱻƴʥؽȥҶĿ⿴ͨۻԡ
˵У֪һģпܾˡ
ͨۻȴҡҡͷ£Ҳ̫ҽӵʾϢϹȥʱѾ
뾡취ǻ¸λ˧Ҳֻ֪ܵ⣬ֻܸõĵҩҲû
תһתͨۻԵĿ⿴˺ͫ£ͫеϵ
йϵͫЩԣҶҲ㲻飬ôһȦƵͫͷˣ
µ飬򵥡
ɦԴⷽ棬̫óȴܶٷ
ͫ룿Ҷ˵
ͫ˼˼£ͻȻɫһ䣬˵ʱ㣬Ӧ뿪֮ûãͱƴʥˡ
֮ǰҶʵ
Ӧ类֮ǰ°ɣĺƴʥǰݷһĴ峤ݷڼ䣬Եоɣϵһ档
Ȼһ˧ЦԵѵؽ磬ҾͲʾʾ
Ҳû룬˵ҼªǲĻСһ
ǺƴʥӦǰ͡
˭֪Ҽ͵죬ǻȻʧִ˾̳˵żײǾƲ˵ӣǵǺƴʥǲ졣
СƬ̸̣뿪ˡ
ͫ˵꣬Ҷ桢ͫԡ˵Ŀͬʱһ򷭵ľ̳⣡
һΪ侲أ£ʧִ򷭾̳پײƵѹܣ˵
ˣ˵״ǺȵĴҲʧִ򷭾̳ġ鲹һ䣬򷭾̳пǹΪֹ
˵ƴʥܶͫʲôõͼǾ⣬ʧִ˾̳ײ˾ʾҶ
һźӵĹѾӣʲôֵúƴʥͼģͫü
⣬ҲҶɻĵط


1934 
Ҷ桢ԡ顢ͫ˿˼СĹȻûףƴʥԺͫʲôͼ
ûͫȷʵƯʸһ
ӣǺ壬ǾǳŮĵط
Щ쵱УҶںòںͫŮкüΨҪ˵ͫʤһ㣬Ǿˡ
ǣҪ˵ƴʥһΣϲ˺ͫһ㣬Բܡ
˵ͫһӣԺƴʥĵλҪʲôŮҲأ
˵ƴʥȻǺڻӣǺƴʥԼҲǧˡ
λ˵Ǽģ˯Ů¶ǳǧˣ˵Ǽͫһͻᱻסˡ
˼һᣬҶͻȻóֽʣһգһԾȻֽϡ
ͫ㿴ʾʾĺ˧ǲˣҶָջĻ˵
һۣͫһȻףҶô֪ģġ
ˣǺƴʥҾʦ˧Ӳںڻ֮УҶ汻ƴʥˣԶԴ˼ǳ
Ҷ滺˻񣬡˿ƴʥϴͫʾһ£ܾͲɺϣǿıģ
ԣƴʥͫͼԲǿͫɫϾڴ֮ǰƴʥûмͫ
ҲΪɫҪأ
Դ㣬ƴʥͫͼǲ򵥡
Ҷһ˵óĽۣǺƴʥԺͫʲôͼ˻벻ףǺͫԼҲʲôֵúƴʥͼġ
ͼ벻ͨӪ飬ȴ˿ĵġ
Ե뷨ǣĶˣҶһǰ׻ǣңӪ
ΣƴʥվǺڻĶӣڻġ
Ҿܹ㶨ڻһŲУǾţȾȳ˵
ͫҲȫһ뿪ɡ£ҲԴԶǧҶ濼һ³źͫ˵
ߣǰǲ֪֪ˣԲ⣬Կˡ

Ҷ˵ʵڣǺͫһʱ֮ڣת
ֻһҹޣͻȻҶһʵûϽܡ
ⷽ棬Բ˼Ϊϸܵȴס
ʵһһġͻؿڡ
ĸĹϵЩ̫粢ʲôܣԲ֤֮£Ƿ׹źȻܹ鵽
ֻҪǴ϶˳²飬ѰҺ䡣£ͫͺܲȫˣǴų¡
ĻҶһһ㣬֮ǰûϸ뵽ôһ˵Ǻϸ˼֣
һͫ£ҶҲ
ͫǴʧɫһ漰İΣҲ޷Լظǡ
ĻͫǻǾ뿪ĺãԽԽãñ׹źҶ˵
ԡ
ͫǼˣһԼңȷѡ
ȥ֮ǰҪ峤𣬸л⼸ĸŮչˡ
ͫѪѪ֮Уȴһ̫ŵľβѪֻѪЩӡ
ΪѪԭ򣬺̥֮ͫһǻ֮󣬲˳
ͳ츳֮⣬Ҳõʱ½ͫεҶ棬ôҲ벻ͫȻĺӡ
ִ̫磬˺ͿɽͫǺסûġ
Ѫĳȴ⵽峤ϵķԡ
ס
ʱ¶ĸģСǳĿ
ʱǺĴ峤Ϳ˳úͫ
ںͫĸŮ۸ʱֹͫĸŮ
úͫǳĸмһֱûҪһᱨ𣬵һֱûлᡣ
ʱҪ뿪ͫȴҪ֪峤һ򣬾ϢȥǺͫԼҲⲻȥ
ҶһУҲΪᡣ
ͫĸӳʱѾ
Ҷһжر
һ˼⣬ͽͨۻ͸ȴһֱûԵҵݸ˺ͫ
һᣬⶫʱûôǺĴ峤ȻҪչ˹㣬飬һҪ
һǱ֮ʣöҷöָ֮У͸ǺĴ峤лҶ˵
öţﻹ࣬ҵġٴͳһöҡ
磬ףڻǵ飬ĶҶ˵
ʲôף
۾һ˵˵ղŻȥڲ֮ϵĵ֮õʲô
Ϊûʶ
Щ켣̫磬ǻһʶĲ˵ٰܹȫĻȥֻ֮һ֣
˹˵ţۼֵңֻй֮޲
ԣȼˣ磬ʲôʲôӣ
ͫԵ£ȴʲô磬Ī˵Ը
Ȼ֮⣬ĸܹô̵ʱְֿȫĻȥ֮
Щ컯Ըʲô
˵꣬һɫֵܣȻҲ֪ģΪȸңܹϢóǵȱġ
缸Ӷϳãиιȥ

ͨۻԽ˵ˣҶҲֻܽӹˡ
û֮ǰԵʱȷʵԸ£ΨԸܹǵ֮Լ˰ΣȻ࣬һЩǿߣѾޱȵľˡ
֪½е裬һТˣһţԼŰɡ˵䣬ٴθҶĿңҶֻһһ¡
һͫ͸峤۵ұһ£Ѿ̫紫ķзҪֱ͹ȥ˵鷳ٴʰűȱһܵ鷳
Ҳȷʵһ⣬һ˼⣬Ҷóһöָװһ֮󣬵һ֮öָϾͶһβһ˸طơ
öָʦشһַ֮ϱʩһβһûκķ
ַֻܳһ£һ֮ͻԼɢʧЧһͼԱ򿪴ָͻʱƣƻöָڲ죬öָڲռֱӱ𻵣ߵĶҲʧ١
ͫ㽫öָǺĴ峤ͺãһСС⣬һ֮򿪣еϵҲһ£Ͳˡ
Ҷһƣǽ⡣
ãǰȥͫӹҶƵָ뿪ˡ
ǣʱͫЩεĻˡ
ǽ޷뿪ˡͫ˵
Ϊʲô


1935 峤Ҫ
ȥ峤ȥ峤峤ҵĴӽӴң˵峤ٲ
Σֻ峤ҵĴ⣬Դ¹ش޷ýϵʽϵ峤
峤ҵȼߣ⼸ҹϻҪĹ򡣡ͫЩε˵
Ĺ򡣡
Ҷüͷߵ飬̬׹źǱߵ׷ʱܻ֡
ͫû˵м£
˵ˣֽҪ֮£뿪峤ȴͨСͨѶŲ󣬸Ҽһױţٵȼ죬һҪ֮뿪Ҫ½ҡͫε
Ҫ¡
˼һᣬҶؾ˾ͫҲ峤кҪҪԽ㣬ǣǲóİΣע
һ׹ź׷֡
ҵǣˣ뿪
峤ߣһ⣬͸öװҵĴָȻһһϵСͨѶŲҪ£ϵ֮뷨֮󷵻ؼ涼ɡҶ˵
˵õԵͬ⡣
ںͫҲظ֮ˣǼģȻҶĵڡ
Ҳãһ⣬Ȼʰ뿪ͫҲ˾ϡ
磬״̬ɲʺϸ·ҶɣǸ·ˡ˵
Ҫȥ¶һ˿ʹ֮ɫ
ǶǬڹ¶ӿɲôù
ȻңҹҪҶһصģֱǰȫˣٴγ˵
ǰɡ
ϲԸҲʱ򣬱ѡֻܽĶǬ
ɣ
ȵȡ
齫ԼսȥʱҶ濪ˣ磬һԳһĿռ䣬Գһ֮⣬绹ɡ
Ҷ濼ãľ
˵Ҷ濴ıǮ£˵ĴڣԳһʱռ䣬Ҷ涼Ը֪
ʱȴֵǳʱڡ
£ͨۻҪĹܳ׻ָĶǬˣûԪʱܸ
Եսȴַǳľˡ
صΪܹһλʥûߡ
˵սʱˣʵ˷ЩĿǰμΣյ¡
ԣҶ㽫ʱռ
һҶǲй¶ܣҶѾһ㱣סⱦˡ
ޣҶֵҲӵԳһĿռ䣿֪Ǻʵ
ȥԻᵽ֮ʱԻһϲҶ˵
һŵҶ棬ͨۻԽŽɵĵ˵ͷ
Ϣ֮ͨۻԵξʹʧ
ûãͫҲʰĲˡ
ʵҲûٶǽߣһЩ鼮ϸϴ·ʰˡ
壬ҪȥﰡҶ汧ĳһĺ档
ȥߣкܶܶĵط
ȻҶϾóףҶףҪһ̺һᡣ
ֱóϸ˵Ż
ߣĵط̫ˣҳô󣬻û뿪ء
ĸŮˣͫͻȻһĪҸиͷ
Сèˣ
кһɽˣСè뻢üͱҶ滽˹
СèһãʱԱԾ˵ͿգȻ͵Ҷһ
ڻüɴ໯ɰƴ£ٴιСèľ
Сè壬ٶȿɿˣһͿ鵽ˡҶţͱųСèǿıڳĸСèë
Ҷ壬Сè壬Ȼģܷɵ𣿡
һ㿴
ոշСè飬һ̿Сè塯ƺжŤжŤ
ǧ̾ͷźͫСèı
ǧڽͫʦ̷ء
ҶǺһЦСèڴʱͿɽдͻȻ˼⡣
⻹δߺͫӣ
峤ӵͿߵͫɫ΢΢һ䣬Щ
£ͫ
δ
ͣ䣬ͿͣҶ桢ͫһ˵Ĳ棬źͫһͿЦ
ҸȻµĲԵͫԸ㣬ʮа˾ŻߣǰһͿһ磬Ҳʮ㡣
Ϳ磬ʵȷʵҪ±Ҫ뿪ֵͫ
ͿٴιҾͫӣҸһ죬Ҹ˴뿪´μ棬Ͳ֪Ǻˡ
ⶣңһҪһ죬ȷʵֽҪ֮Ҫ潻㡣
ǡ
Ҹ˵ˣͿȴܾͫĻᣬ֪ͫȷʵм£ԣҲΪ㣬ͫһʱ䡣
Ӵ˿𣬼Ҹ߲ݲ˵ĲϧһеĴۣһʱڸϻͫһʱ䡣
⡭峤Ϳ˵ˣĵĸϹҪһ棬úͫίʵԾܾ
׻˵ͫһʱҲȲˣôͫٵʮʱҸȼϱԴѪطʮʱڣ𡣡Ϳ߿Ц
£ͫ׼ֲסˡ
峤ͿͶж峤Ϊ˼һ棬ѾòŬϧȼձԴѪ
Ƶ峤ȼձԴѪϻ֮£ͫԼһҲˡ
Σֵֻܹͫͫ£峤ˣ峤ȼձԴѪϻͲˣһʱ䣬ͫȵá
˵꣬ͫεҶЦһ£Ҷ磬ٵһɡ
һĻͿЦŹֵǾͺãϵףȼձԴѪ·⣬Ҳһ
ĿҶһ˴£»صͫСԺͿЦȥ
һĻķͫҪ뿪Ϣ˲Ϣʹ˷˵Ķڡ
ֻǴʱҶ棬ͷȴӿһǿҵĲ
ΪǿߣΣѪ֮УټҶ֮󣬶ѪĸӦӵС
ǣҶ㲻ǿҵĲ
Ҷ磬Ǹ峤жһأʵǹˡתСݺͫһǸ⡣
һʱ䣬ٵȵȣӦòʲô£СĵáҶѵ
˰죬ûúóԷȸԵİɡֵҲٺȵ㡣ͫ˵
Ҳá
Ҷ˾룬һߺȾƣһ߶
ûãͳ˼СԴȴǳļ顣
һȥͿײڣһСһ̽ͷ̽Ե˵
Ҷ˰յĳʱҲЩģ壬ǳȥᡣ
ȥɡ
Ҷûǣ͵˵ͷ󣬳һСһͲ̵˳ȥЦνԶ


1936 °
峤Ϳ˵ǷˣͫҲֻܴڼȺ˼Ҷ˼òˡ
ϯ䣬ҲûʳȥˣҪǳȽϹɣСȥˣ뿪֮ǰҲ֧ͫһͫҲû⡣
ñط꣬Ҷ桢ͫ飬һپƺȵΪˣһۼ䣬һʱȥˣɫҲ
Ƥһˣ֪ؼˣҶ磬ֵܣᣬˣȥͫ˵
µӷͣǧ̵ʾȥлسͿԡ
ҶȻͷ
֮תǧ̣һľţʦ𣬺㣬ˡ
תܱߣûҵҲûҵǼҳˣĺӡ
ʲô
Ҷͫվͬʱ⣬˸߿ա
Ӹ߿ոȥҶͫĿܱߵΣ۵ס
˵ǳӰСӰûм
ͫϵѪɫ˲Ϣʵĸɸɾ
𼱣˵׽Բأֻǵ˭ˣˡҶ氲һ䣬ͽԼԪ֮εɢ˷
˲Ϣ˼ע⣬ҶҲһɲǼɨĸݴԡ
ЩػĸСԺ˽˿ռ֮⣬ܱߣҶѾɨһ顣
ûзֳӰ
ʮʮ£һСˣǲܳΧġ
Ҷģ˲ͽ
ܣ
Ϊԭ򣬳ҽܶΣ⼸Ӳ̤СѵļżȥСѹգҲҵ֮£ͫȻȻ
Ҷһģһ³
һȻ󻺻³ҶǿԼ侲Ҳ侲
Ҳֻ侲Ÿһس
СèҳϢ
СèĲóζ׷٣޵Ҫǿϼǧ
Сè֪̬أҶ̵ķӳڱΧϣֻתһȦҵζټ
ţСǴˣһתСèͣţϢңһᣬǱߵǧ
СèͣţܿģˣĵطԶ˼ҵķ
ϣСϢͣһȻ󣬾ƾʧˣţһζӦǳ˵ζСζȻͬСè˵
˵ζʧô˵Ǳ°ˣ
Ҷоһضźͫ˵ͫȥǼСУǼСڲڣڣ֪ͨһңڣǾ
ãϾȥ
ǧ̣磬ͫȥ
ü鷳ݣѯһºеֵѲûз쳣ҶһˣѲǲҶģüݣӦúܹá
ã
Ҷŵȴš
ոһŮûأȻˣҶβż
ҶżϢһһ
ٴ˺̫ͿͿ̫ϵݣһһѯʣȴȫǻϢ
һѲÿѲӰʱᾭһΣǼΣιʱûкˣҲûп˳롣
ܱߵѲλֵĺҲûзκο֮˳Ϳɽ
ͬʱͫǱҲʹˣһСӣϳһ߸
ĸһͻؼˣͳһֱ浽
ž˯˹ȥ֮󣬾ֻʣͲˡ
֮Сͻؼˡ
ϣȷǣʧˡ
ʮа˾ţǱĳ°ˡ
˭°˳ΪʲôҪ°߳°߳ʲôأ
⣬˭벻ͨ
ͫδδµʱ˿̣ѾֻܼҶ档
ǿԼ侲Ҷ棬飬ǰǰһ飬Ľ췢飬ЩΡ
ǺĴ峤ͫ뿪ʵ̫ġ
һ峤˵̶ֳȣΪͫһ룬Ҫ£Ǳġ
ңҪµĻǴ¡
֮⣬°̫ɺˡ
Сһ棬ֻг°һˣСȴֻǻ˯˹ȥ
׼ļһŹС°߳
֮Է°°߳϶Ŀġ
Ҳ˵ĿǰӦûǰȫġ
ֻǲ֪Ǳ˭°ߵġ
ҶģЩϣ˵
̶һʱ䣬°ߵϢѾҽԼĺӿҶʼ䣬Ҳܡ
ߣȻԺ䣡
ں˵ע£ҶĺͫصСԺ
صСԺĵһʱ䣬Ҷͽ͡ռڷ˳
ͻȻһˣ˵鶼Щ⣬Ҳһ⡣
ԳһܹɻĿռ䣬Ȼ󣬵ϣҲǲ١
һҶôһռ䣬Ҳ⡣
̵ʱڣҶ潫͡һ飬κйسĳᵽӵ̸ҲܷŹ
ǣ
Ϳɽڣûκһܹ뵽ڴ͡ĶɶУͿɽԲȫ͡ĶС
һûõ鱨ֻҪ뺢йأͨͨ͡괫͵ҶԺС
ˣһṫӸ磬һ˳ƺΪ峤ˣ㱨ʧϢλͿɽУ
峤㱨Ҷ۾͵һɣ峤ǲ
⣡
⣡


1937 
䣬ղĴ峤ǸλõӣͬʱѰõϢȥȥ
ôûͷûԵһ仰ҶˮһһΣƾʧ
Ҷ磬峤Ǹλõôˡͫһ£ҶȻʧ
˲ȻǣǵȻ޷жҶ浽ȥĸҶ浽ʲôķʽ뿪ġ
ǵһμҶʩչֶεĻü
ҶݵֶΣ˵ǻüǵǿ߹ˣͬҲ͸
ûϵĳ°ѾҶۣԣʱʱҶѾ˲ֶΡ
᲻ᾪˣҳǵһҪġ
ĹҶͳͿɽеĵܱе㲻׵ĽƣҶǰҲʲô
ͿɽеɽֻܱΪļ
ļλ̫ϳϣд峤ԼһЩԽڴ˴
дֱͨ͡ӽҶڣҶָ㷽Ҷܿ͵ִǸ˸ν˿еĴ峤̸ĵط
ص㣬λں峤Ϳĸۡĺ󷽡
֣Ҷ֡
СĶ󷽽̸ƫҶ·ˮһ㻺ƫڵļϱߣƫڵΣ;Ҷ۶
һƳߣ˼ţҶ֮ǰĴ峤ҵĴͿߣʱǰ
״ˣʧ̫ˣϢʧѾ˿ֻšҪҪ£ģͿŴ峤Ϳʾ
飿
峤Ϳٴγߣ֮ǰǷԴ֮⣬ѾףΪ˽ͫ
ǣһǲġ
״ˣҲףΪʲôҪڳô͵̬ϧһдºͫأΪʲôͿһĲ⡣
£ʱǲҪ֪ĺãͫǺԣҪԣΪô͵̬һʱ䣬ֻȨ֮ƣԱЩʱﱸ취ͫ
˵峤ͿȻһЦ㿴뵽ǵǰ棬뵽֮Чķ
Ϳһ㣬״ˣ˵
û֪ǸܵˣɲֹΪһˣǼ£ϷԺͫ˽⣬°ֶ߳ΣȻпܴɣǷܴ
ڣ£ȴǺܺõĻᣡͿ˵
ЩȴͿһͷˮףҲ˼
Ǻǣ׾Ͷˡ
ȥҵϵ֣ȫŲ飬ȡ̵ʱҳ䡣Ҫסҵ֮󣬲ҪϽȥҪ£Ҫڳ㡮ֽš
ֻҪ£¿ڣ˵꣬ͿЦ
ͿԽЩɻ󣬵Ҳֻո׵Ľȥ죬һЩʡ
״ˣ﷽ԲͿɽҲ﷽Բһ˲ĳ롣οʱԶѶʵǡ
룬ǵδء
峤ͿЦеĿԼҵĶһۣҸָһ֮ڣʸ֪ıǼµģҲǼλ϶ѡ
㽫̲صǼλϣҪ֤ݣֻҪȷɾͺãʱΪںʵʱȻϧһд۾ˡ
λڵĳϣ
Ϳ߱ϵָ򣬺Щ⣬λ̫ϳأ
λ̫ϳϣͲˣλ̫ϳϳڣʱնǲãϲ֪Ǹܡ
㽫Ѱص㣬ڳͿɽҪļλϾͿԡͿ
ǣףȥ졣
ǵãѰ飬ҪģҪú֪ͫǵĶ;ģǣ鼸λϵ飬һҪнС
Ϊϧһдۡȳ󣬺ͫǱߣӦûϣͿǸһ˿ԵãЦޱȵһڲˮ
ãȥ졣
صףҶĶͷȴ߳һϸܵ亹
ʲôŪģ
ͽŪģ
峤ͿŪĵֶΣֱˡ
һúͫмĲҪҪģǶ޷
һȴźͫ
ңͿƣһͿ峤ȳмһϷ룬ƲкͫмͶأ֮֮˵Ҷ棬ҲҪмĲҪҪġ
Ϊ峤Ϳ𣬶ǡ
һˣһɺͳҶͷơ
Ҷ͵ֶΣϢջ˸ڴϵһ˲ϢԶݡ
峤Ϳƺͼıźͫ
¾ԲǼ򵥵ơ
ңҶ֣Щ
Ժ峤ͿԺͫĶ壬ĳЩҪ󣬺ͫ޷ܾġ
һӦµĻͻúͫٴݽȥ
ԣҶǰˣһǾҵǴ峤ͿαĿ
ڶ£ҶȴҪú˼飬ɲ˵ܹıģÿͫԼ
һˣ˵Ҷķᡣ
˴峤ͿĿ˵ȷʵ˳Ŀǰ״
Ϳԣ°߳ˣʮа˾ҲǺĳϣΪĻͬһ¡
°߳ĿģΪƺͫͷ
֮Ӧûǰȫġ
ҶΨһĵĵģ°߳ģΪƺͫͷڳ϶ֽš
ԣҪ̵ʱҵȳԷ⡣
ͫĿǰмλϣתСԺҶֱӿѯʡ
Ϊ֮ӹŵ񣬳ֻ֮λ
λ֮УļλǳפͿɽģҶٴʵ

˼һ£ͫפͿɽĳϣֻλֱĳͿȣϺԪѫ߳Ϳ̣ųϺ
ųϺҲǣҶüͷһ뵽ʲôϰλϵסλһһͼ⣬λϵҲһ
ЩͫɻˣҶ磬㵽׷ʲôҪλ𣿡
ȸǵķλҪ죬֮͡Ҷߵ
ͫҲǼģ£̵ʱڸҶ滭һżͼ
Ҷ濴һۼסͼֱ֮ӽͼݸ˴͡ĸ򣬼ĸլڵκ
ǵţûл֮ǰҪ
ҶҪߣֱͫᣬҶ磬ǲǲˣ˭°ˣȸҰһ취
ĿǰֻķҶݷУȥһһϢϾ֪ͨǡ
Ҷһ٣˺ͫһۣڴ峤ͿĸۡڣͿ峤Ϳδ£峤ͿͿߴĵİ䡣
ȷǣǴ峤Ϳ°ߵġ
˵꣬ҶһΣٴƾʧֻʧһͱЩ͵ĺͫ
ҪҶλϢ̫ˡ
峤ڳô͵̬ͫһʱ䣬ϧȼձԴѪϻȴ˲ĸ֮ۡУ⵽ô£
峤ҪͿߴĵ䣬ô£
Ȼͫѩʱеҡ
ν²ѣҾǺͫڵΡ
Ҷ뿪Ӳʱ䣬һѲСԺͫѾ֪˳ʧһ£ѾǾͽ𷭹ҲҪҵ
Ƭ̹֮ǰֵԺ֮Уӳ峤ҵȫ䣬ͫٽʧٵΣǽһ÷
ֹһᣬһѲǰţͷģѾ峤ţҺСѲǧˣеʮˣǰѰҳ
ԣȱڵߣҲҪҵǣ
ˣͫлӹ֮⡣˵лͫУȴǿɫ
ϻˣҶǰܲסδġ峤ʹͿߴʱĵ⡣
ҪͫҪڴǷ峤Ϳ飬һ峤ǰ峤ͿʲôҪӦġ
һˣͫͲ
һ㣬Ҷڴˣͳĺпܾͻ峤Ϳ֮֡
úͫĵǡ
峤˴̣˴ƣΪúͫǷ顣
ô峤ͿúͫǷ飬Ҫúͫʲôأ
ԲʲôС£ҲԲ峤µ̡
ǣΪֹǺͫԼҲ벻ʲôֵ峤Ϳͼıģ
ңȻ˵ͫǼΪҶģǣҶ˵峤Ϳĸۡڵʱ򣬺ͫЩŵġ
Ǵ鷳뷨ࡣ
ǣ֮Ҷ˵ӻĵѰҳȴһһӦˡ
ңһĴģһҵ˳ͰҪǷ»ĶĴġ
ͫѾˡ
峤Ϳ̬Ⱥ뷨Ҳڲ֪иıˡ

Ҷ治֪ͫʱ뷨ĸı䣬ҶţͫǴˣӦû׵ġ
ҶСںĳͿȸκοܵ
һǳʱḶ́һ峤ϵĸۡռطԲʮңߵȴǼ
Ҷ滹һСѹȥ
ҶҪѵģֻļҡ
ˣһϢȴ޷ȷ͡ͻȻҶĶ
ôԶȻ޷괫͡ȴֱͨ͵ҶĶڡ
˵
ͨڣֻҪڴͨΧڣȴǿҶġ
ò˵ͨ͡һ˲õ
ųϺĸۡڣƺЩһ㡣ǶڴͿߴĵѰƺЩ⡣
ǸϣոհĵӣҲ˲뵽Ѱ֮УȴĵӣѰʲôֻжҪһʱ㱨
ţϹȥ
Ҷ˲Ϣޱȡ
ųϺţ⡣
ŮոҶ桢ͫΪһСԵʣһ˼Ͳó¡
ȻµĽҲ
Ĳ룬ǳĳ£λϺȼֺһ£Ҳûġ
ȴ˻ɳĶӴһ˲ѰֻҪһʱ㱨
̬Щˡ
ҶɲǸ˽֮ˡ
෴֮ǰĳͻ֮У˵һǳĻ˽ôæأ
һˣҶٴһݡ
ԡ
ɴ˿֮ǰ֮ͫĳͻλųϺֽ֮󣬲һе˽֮£ޱȶ񶾵ҪͫĸӷֿѺ
Ҫúͫȥ˼Ҫн
ڵʱǺ˻̵޳֮١
Ҷ濴ȴֲˡ
֮ڼƣε԰ƣܹΪڲľųϣǳԽĺ壬Բܶǳˡ
ƫ̻ԼŮЮ˽
ŭӱϿڻ̡
ڿʱĳ°Ľһġ
ǾǶԽƵ
ֻҪƵǽͿԳİΣвͫˡ
ǰڰࡣ
Ҷʱа˳ɵİտԶ϶пܾǾųϺ°ߵġ
жϣǰǰ飬Ҷͨ͸ˡ
֮ǰҶ滹ģô޳ܵ³أ
ڿѹǺ޳ܣͼıвͫ
ǺƣҪԳвͫ
ֻһƲһƶѡ
ɴˣҶҲӵ⣬Ĵ峤Ϳͺľųϣںͫͼıʲô
ǵͼıʲôأ
ͫϵʲôܣ
Ҷʱȴûʱ˼£ڵĹؼǣҪҵȳ
֮ǰû䣬ð졣
Ҷжϳ˳䣬ɾͺðˡ
߶䣬ҶڵصʩչʮϢĹҶͳ˾ųϺĸۡ·
ҵǹѺнĵطȳȻ
ҶУ˿ɷ
ҴûϵŮ⣬£ɾԲǾȳܹģ


1938 Ӫ
ųϺĸۡռĴһһѰң̫ʱˣҶʱļ١
ǣҶμšÿٴо߸֣ǴСϵ͸ǿεһ仰
ԽǽͷԽҪ侲
˼һ£ҶŴָľųϺλöȥ
ȹ۲Ǻ°ߵģԳİΣвͫô϶һЩͬѰĶ
ӣѧ֣ϲ¡
ʱľųϺһСǰĿǰڵĲˮҶڷţɣһľ׵Ц
ϼһһһӡ
סҶȴЩȲסˡ
뿪ĶҶȥĸ￴ܲѰ䡣
Ҷո뿪ھʹ˴ˣǸȥҺˡ
ţӣϹȥ
Ҷɿݻȥʱ򣬺ոճĲңݹĲˮûкȣСʵûɣڷţӳ峤ţѯ׶áᱻְɣ
ʲô£İɣ滳ɵͷϣҲû˸ѣ˰Ѳ飬ҲҲκġźǰĲˮ
һԣҶķζ챻ըˡ
仰ϾͿԶ϶Ǻ϶ɵġ
ǻûоȳҶᶼиɵ϶뷨
ɱһλĴڣǳѡ
ǣֻҪıõҲûпܡ
ؿڣղĶɤˣû뵽ӾȻǸ潸ġ
ȴȻͿߴĵѰͼס
ҲΪõͫҪ뿪峤Ϳһ׵ĵ̬ͫĶϣžն֡
ף峤ͿӦľ֡
İɣһȥ֮󣬸øʲô͸ʲô͵ûͿԡ
ףˣСôã㴦֮ǰɵСӳһڶ
ͫǸ潸Ҳ벻ӻ䵽ĥһͨһڶԲ𡭡
죡
һŭ߳£ûκιϵҲʹµκ⣬𣿡
ѵ߳˺һͿȹӵĺڣ¶˻Ѫ£㿴ʮްʹ²˴ȫСӺģҲôСӣһҪĥСһͨúݺݵĳһڶΪ׶
һҪѵ⣬᲻ѵԼŮȴֿЦ
ԼŮΣȷʵá
˭ΨһŮأ۰
ðɣдãʱڶȵĴ°ɣеǻᡣŵˡ
лл
ȥɣס£ǰ֡ٴζһ䡣
ʵԣ£ǾԲúġ
ʱ䲻࣬ƻ¶ڶʱɵģճҪһӳ棬һǣϹϵ
ֻͿȥ
ȻͿǰ˾ҳͻʣֱ̫
Ͱɺ⣬ͿԼСѳ棬ȻͿ׹˴ǰһϷ
Ȼк飬ҲԼһ档
ͿûƢʾԸͳһ棬뿪
ԣΪͿ׷ı䣬Ϳ뿪ˣǼҲȻԼ˳
ͿϢƲ˹ϵ
ҲΪڣЩԵĺ˽ҲǺЩΡ
Ͼ²ܼˣ
뿪ʱҶҲ뿪ˡ
͡ҶԼںĸϸһȦ
ܲҵȳ
ȻҶҲףԲ
һı㣬Ѻĵط϶ǳء
ǣֻҪһܣҶҪԳԡ
ĸܴۡ󣬾
޷׷ſֻСΧ߶£Ҷһʱʱ䣬Žĸۡһ顣
ϧǣûκη֡
ҲûκζȻѾһΪȵĵط
¶ȲĵصףҶǿŸһĳ嶯ͣĸԼ侲侲
ȻҲĵطӪȵķͺˡ
һ뷨ӸٺѰҳѺĵطȻӪȡ
ͨ͡Ҷı£һ㣬ǿġ
ؼͿᡣ
Ҫĵȴ
һַǴӺĿе֪䣬úų
£úڣúˣҪúвǻɱܺԪ顣
ֻ׽סŮȻԺŮвúų
гɹĿԣǷҲܴ
ĻҶͽվĶ棬ϾҶں֮С
һ仰ҶһΧ֮С
ң˵˵ѪǲŮԳİΣвҶأ
ͻú鷳
Ͷ
±ޱȵļ֣
ǣһλ峤һλͬʱͼıͫ£;Բ򵥡
ںĺУͼıµļֵ߹ŮôҶ͸ӵıˡ
ң֪ûڳ϶ʲôֽš
ԣʱҶ鵽˳䣬Ҳ
˼һʱҶûһ׵ĽȰ취Ҷ޲øԼơ
Ұ
ţ
Ҷ泤һȻת˺ͫСݡ
ͿѰңʱûκν
ûҵҶתͫͼΧ
Ҷ滺˵ͷ
ģ
ӦǺ֣°ˣҰƺҪóв㣬һЩĿġҶ˵
вң
ͫٴˡ
ôǴ˰кƴʥд峤ͿоųϺ
⵽ôһ£
Ҷ磬ǿȥȳôɴû
ǣûҵѺĵطҡ
Ҷ潫ĿǺ뷨˵˳ͫһ˵Ⱦ㶼Ĭ
£ȷʵޱȡ
һ£ͫ͵塣
ͫȥʲôҶ漱
ͼıʲôҰҰ͹ȥųͫһе˵
ɵ𣿡
Գ㣡ȥˣֻͶ˵϶ųġ
侲ͫ侲һ취
Ҷҡźͫļ򣬱Ҷȵѹĺͫͷһʹ˵Ҷ滳
ģһȳģ
οźͫҶѾһӪȼƻ
ӪȼƻһǾܵԼеĳ롣
뿪ͫСԺҶֱӴӵص׶˺ŮլԺڣ


1939 
ԺͫԺӣԶľ룬ת˲
ǺǺɷ򣬶ǵԣҶѹҪںĸۡǰСҶ
ʮϰٵ˲Ϣ͸ŵ˺ԺĻݲ֮ϡ
һ˲Ĺ򣬺ԺڵΣ;Ҷ۵ס
һ֮УͿĵˣţɷͿȴСԶСˣһơ
ҶԿóͿ۲ûʲô£Ǻ¶ǺܸߣһһģȵӺͮͮģƾɫ
Ҷٴһ䣬ҶȻ֪Ϊʲôˡ
֮⣬Ժڣһ͸һĿˡ
Ҷͱûˣ
һЦҶǶݵԺڵĳڣһӵصһͽǸ͸Ρ
ϸϸӵǸ͸ĽʵʵҶַ͸Ѩ
ҶȻŭǲԸⲨ꼰޹
Сήʱ͸Ȼܹ
ҶΣϢĴӳ֣ҡһΣӿҶѾû͸ģ
ΧȹҶϢĳˣͿ
оˣͿʶĻͷȥɲǣҶһ֣겨һţͿ׾ƾʧ
ںȾƵͿۣüͷͻȻһ壬ףԺƺе㶯
ȵϲѵĺͷһĵĵԺʲô
νɫͷһ¶ǣѾ˴ġ
ǰ춪£ȴͿĿһֱһɫÿ֣ˣҳȥ
˵꣬Ϳ۾Ŷ
ף׶أ
ûԸȴԼҵĳŲǰ̣ûмס
û˵꣬Ϳ͵һ䣬ǰˣ˶ʮĳﻪ̡
Ҳһɲǣɳﻪ̵Ҷ棬һ֣ƥԪ͵رסͿۡ
˲Ϣ䣬Ϳٴƾʧ
һΣҶȫԪȻǳĶݣһ㣬ûȫſٴʧˡ
ǣǾ˾˲׵ĺͫ
ʲôˣ
ȵ۾ĺͫЩȵ̤СոճţͿһЦݵԼҳﻪ̡
ϻЦʲô͵
ͫƽش˿̣ԼҵĳҲûкɫһλʱͷϴ
죬ȴͷһЦݡ
ûȺͫӦԪϢٴһĺƾʧ
ռڣͿԼӣޱȵ𾪣ʲôط
˭
Ϳȼ䣬һ⻪Ȼͷ£ͿȥɲǣʹһˣҲ
Ҷڻʦ½洫֪֮һ÷
Գһ磬Ҷ̽ߣԣҶǿԽ˴ڵġ
ڴ֮ǰҶҪ뽫飬Ҫȫɣûκηܹڡ
ǣ֪÷֮󣬾ûô鷳ˡ
ңʦ½ĴԣԳһ磬ط򣬿ƿһΧڵ
磬ֻҪҶԸ⣬Ļޱȵĳ棬ǿͨط
ֿñÿռ䣬޶һĿռ䷶Χڡ
ͿԴȵǿѷս޶˵ս
ڣʦ½˵У鲻һԳһıһһ˵ʤر
ʵǿĵˣԽڣǿѷսƶԷʵȡʤʤǿٺʲ
ϧǣĿǰֻطؼĺطûн⿪Щǿã޷ʵ֡
ǣⲢҶ潫ڡ
ҪĿ겻Ըû׼£뽫Ŀ飬ҪһҶ˵ԪҪĿǿ֮һϡ
Ŀ׼£ҶԪĿǿһܽĿǿ֮ڡ
£ҶͿΪڽڵͿڣȫû⡣
£ֻΪ˲ע⣬Էݾߡ
Ҫ뽫ǿڣǿɾͲһˡ
Ҷ潫һڣֻΪ˷¶ѡ
ڣҶĶ綼֪޷Ϣ
ңҶ㹻ʱ䡣
ʲôˣô£ôͻȻ͡˴ĺˡ
𼱣̽̽ģڣС
¡¡
Ŀ׹⣬׵ĴͷййͿ۵ı
Ϳ۸ոս۴޵ĺͿ׽УһаףܹͿ׻ɻһҡ
׹˸Ƽ䣬Ϳ۵ĺ󱳱˽̼˱һϢ
⻹ҶԵʣǶþףͿ군ˡ
һ£ŵĲĺһͿۡ
ɾ˳ɲǣǰ͵һ䣬ǰգͱһ飬˵УҲĶͿ׸ָ
ۺȭߣǶ䣬סΣֺ
ΣҶڲܶõһͨܡ
εȡҶԪ
ҶԪԽǿμ̣Խβơ
ŶͿ׵۴ޣԼȴģЪ˹ķһײεıϡ
̶̰Ϣľ䣬Ѿ˿쵽˱Ե
ҲڴʱҶЦˣоΣ


1940 ʧĵ
㣿
Ҷɲǣ;
ģ
㾹ȻҶǣŲҽҵǴĻɢ
ž
һ͵ؼӶͿ׵ĲҽͿ
㡭ס֣ȻҪٸҶҶӣϾҡ
žžž
Ϳ׵Ŀ޺𣬿˲ϢͱҶƤͿףһûлȥ
Ҷǣ⡣
ֶζԸһӣίʵЩ޳ܡ
ǣҶԼŮץˣﶼ֪֪ʲôʹࡣ
ʲô޳ܣҶĵߣڳ°ߵһѾʧˡ
Ϊܹõκйس鱨Ҷʱ£Ѿû˵ߡ
ңĿӱҳ
ҶԵԾѵĺ̲סһս
ȴѴæķ
ҶģǼͫȻԹǣ治°
žž
شģҶӶ޳Ϳ׵
ĿֱֱĶźеȴһȶٶһһǵĳͿףͿ׵Ĳҽһ߹һѪ¡
ǣ桭
ҶĿע£ޱȲпı޴Ϳ׵Ķ£Ʊĺױˡ
Ĳҵ£Ҷɣ챻ˣˡ
ֻ֪˵ҶϵĶȴûͣĹͿ׵ĲҽȻ
ԤҪٳȥͿ׻пܱҶ
ҡ治֪
ž
ĹҶһȥֱӽͿ׵Сȳء
ˣ治֪ٴҶˣ
ûһ˿Ҷٴγ£Ϳ׵Сٴαɳء
ͿİĳҶͷ
ˣȫ˵ȫ˵
ҵ°ߵģҶӰæԼȥģǣĲ֪ҵ
ҳȥȥҵȥóҶӣɺã
İţǿ־壬Ҷıٴγȥ
£ͿףͳŲסˡ
Уûκα
Ҷǣȴһ˿ЦĵһϣȻ𣬿ȷʵ֪ˡ
ǻشҵĵڶ⣬һмŮ۰һ
˵ţҶ濴һԶšѪͿ۵ʵشңһͿۿʣҪ˵һҾͳһ۰򣬱۰򲻹ҾͳԴ
Ҷ滰еĺ⣬ٴһս
壬Ӻܲȴ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶҪʲôˣ
ҲףǰҶ棬һˣ
ͻȻ䣬ģ£Ƿˡ
ΪС㸲֮
Ҷв£϶˵һϺͿԼһŮ
ŮȻǺѾǰ͵һλʥ²񣬾˵Ѿĸʦ
ĴӺһãѾˣĿǰںڽܺĽ̵ҪʵϵĽ̵Ϊء
СӺ㣬һΪмãںǰ̵ܽ
СӺһ㣬ӺмȻδ꣬ʴϻۣᰮ飬Ϊб
Ҷ£ȻҶҪʲôΪͿףȴһнʵʵ
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ҶסεһתʼͿۡ
ͿǴˣȻһϢĹѾƿװס
ǲϣģͻǶӡ
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ûдͨ£ͿĻشһģһ˸ĻƶȣҲߴųɡ
ߣʶ࣡
еĻӡԺУҶһ뿪
ֵܣ°˳ԣ·׶ϾǺӣôصˣҪΰҶ뿪Ϳۿİ
Ҷ΢΢һ£û˵˲Ϣʧ
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ʱɫȻˣȴǸҶ¡
ҶɾҪץ
Ҷ治֪ز飬ͼı飬ܲѹ飬ҶףʱҪģоĻ۳롣
ݾҶʲκˣ
һĿ꣬ǺСӣϲĶӺмá
ҶѰңҶϢ͡ľͽмõλָҶˡ
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ʱϵһǻ˹һ㣬ĵмõĺףԡ
Ҷһ֣ͽмսռڡ
кǿҶ£Ͳں޼ɵҪСġ
ڽҪȫץ֮ǰܱ¶
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þȻͼ˱裬ƣһʱỹ겻ˡ
Ҷǳż
ųϵĸۡȺļļֻһǺľųϸУūˡ
ò˶ãмʧٵͻᱬ
Ҷʱ䣬ˡ
ҹһǺһҹ
Ц֣ҶѾһģֺڽһ˵Ĵ顣
ϢģҶ涸شӵص׳
ȻһˣһڸŵľżУȺĴӺ÷ӦһѾһİĿռ䡣
¡¡
һͻأĺֱӽúˡ
ʱĺУһŻ͵شԺһĹ򣬺Ժͻ졣
ҡ
Ժλүסĵطλүסĵط£ĸ֣߿
ͬһɲǣһŭߣľĵϢӺ·죬˲ϢֱԺһ£Ժ
мúͳأɢȥȴûзټĺһľ
ҲһɲǣҶָ͡㣬ֱۡĶԺϿգ׼ȷޱȵĽСӺ˸š
СӺΪΪҶߣǣȴԱȲҶ档
ʱսپ֮ʱ
ԥģҶͽԪ֮ȫΪ˽СӺһٳܣ
ƥԪ鲨ɲǣСӺ˲Ϣƾʧ
ǣէŵԪ鲨˲;˸ոոϵԺĺųϺ
˵ۿСӺƾʧġ
ʵҲľѡ
ӣңɫĺըװһŭȣ˲Ϣ


1941 ֻѪ
Ϊ۷ǿߣٶǼġ
һͼӵ˳µĶԺϿգҲСӺ㱻°ĵطͼ°ȥǸˡ
ǣٶȿ죬Ҷٶȸ졣
һ£ĵģֻҶµĲӰ
Ȼ̧ۣͷַ°ǸһȻʮ֮⡣
ڶ̾ڣҶķ֮£кڵǿ߶ҪԻң˵Ǻ۷ˡ
һĻúһŭֱţٴ׷˹ȥ
ʮľ벻ԶһĹľ͸ϵˡ
ǸϵˣҶΣȴѾƾʧ
һĿԵγˮͬˮкһɢ˷
䣬ɫѿ˼֡
ûˣ
ϵ£ûзκټ
ͬһɲǣҶѾʮĵصס
ɢĿ죬ôҲ벻ҶʱѾصǧףѾʮ֮ˡ
ûһЩͨطûкʵ£ǵǿߣҪصףԽԽǷѾԽ
ԺոûõԪ飬ִΧܹصװ׾Ͳˡ
Ϣ֮ͣʮ֮Ҷ棬ŭѵľųϺ¶һ˿Ц
һƻɹҶͿֽеڶˡ
ڶƻܲܳɹҶܾܲȳĹؼˡ

ҲҶھųϺĸۡ°˵ʱ򣬴˳С޹ĴͿߣڼ븸סҲĴ峤Ϳ顣
н峤ͿŲ裬һС
ظףѰȻûн°߳Ǹ˭Ȼ֮ˡͿա
һλϣ
֪Լˣĺӣ׳ģȻǰЩͻľųϵͿס
֮⣬ԼһȥĺУ߳Ϳ̵ӡϿԶ϶°˵ģǾųϺ
ޣǺɣһеͿô˻ῼĶӡ
һˣĺӵУֻоųϵͿǿúԼһ뷨Ȼֽȥ
߳Ϳ̵ӣȴǳ°֮ʱԻĺ֮һͿ˵
ޣ֪ⲻ߳Ϳ̹ʲĿƣͿʵ
ףһ㣬Ҳпǣǣ֮Զ϶ǾųΪΪǰͿĳͻ֮УųϺͱֳͼ
ͫȥ˼ȴͫıŮѺȻҪҪƺͫԴ˶϶
شô峤Ϳĵ˵ͷıԣӣѾǺϸˡ
ĿǰͿ߲ģµӦˡ
ô죿Ϳٴοϵ
ʵ򵥡
ޣô˵
Ը׵ݣҪԸųϺԾ£һС֮ȻһУǸ˵𣿡Ϳߴ
𰸣ô峤ͿУظһ˿ʧ֮ɫ
ƾĶۣȫУҲԳɹġ
ǣͿֻ뵽峤֮㣬ȴûǵ£峤Ӱ졣
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¶ʧ֮ɫͿЩףʲô
ҲڴʱһͿߵС
һۣͿ߾ͳԺ䣬ͿԶһϸոµ̳
˺£
ףųϺĶӺ㱻°ߣųϵĸۡٴ롣
֪ǺΪ
֪ųϺҲû׷
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ͫģеҰͿѹû뵽Ҷͺͫһȥ
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Ϳģеͼıͫˡ
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ҪĴ󣿡Ϳһ
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ǣȥ졣
⣬ĵѰҳ䣬֮ʱΪᡮ糾͵Ļع顯ҵ֮ǰҪѼ˿켣͸¶ͫ
סһҪͫԼ°˵ǾųϺͿ
׵˼ǣʾЮͿЩɻ
ųƴͫһΪֹġͿ¶˳ᢰһЦʧ
Ƭ֮´ϲ龯ͬʱѰͬʱųϵļλĴͿߣЩŹ֡
飬Ǹ°߾ų϶ӵĸˣеĻҪȻ°˾ųϺһű
ͿЩųϺʱˣͷ綷
Ĵ󣬻Ǹ׸ңɿûκܹԡ
ﴵĪСͿЩأĴ࣬
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ŷ֣һӣȫ°˰
ѪϣΪǿҲòȥ鷳
츳ȫѪΪԽߣѪԽߣ˴Ϊǿ֮ŷá
ΪԽǿѪԽѷܡ
ˣѡΪͻƵ֮ǰá
һΪͻƵǵ뷱ã̫ˡ
ԭᣬһŮҲһӣҲǺˡ
ҪǣǸɶˣȻһȫ°ˡ
ǺʣµģֻĴӰ
ǵǽ۷Ĵӣ뷱ã̫ˡ
һӱ°ߣһӾޱȵı֮С
ףֻ°һˣпǳңһȫ°ߣֻ˵һӵҪЮ¡
ѾڿǣߵҪЮʲôأ
ҲΪԭ򣬺ʱѰұ°ߵһӣףȻҪҪЮò˶ãͻֵġ
úЩߺޡ
ԭڽϣһȥͫԳȥҪЮͫͷǼµġ
û뵽ͬȷϡ
ҹˮѾɷԺǰǲͣڵһ裬ڵȡ
ȴǸš
֪ʱǰڵˮγɵĲǰһƻõӰźЦ
ˣϷԤƵģҪһ㡣һ˵ģ
ţ
һָɲǣǰǸƻõ͵رɢ
һɨָеĶȫ¶˲輸¡
˲Ϣ䣬𾪲ѣУ˼־㤣
ֻ
ֻѪܵ


1942 ҪЮ
ֻѪܵдСúͫ͵һͷʹ
ֻѪܵںУ˲Ϣ仯һʻ־Ӱ
ӺĶ䣬հСӺмõģΨһĶŮġ
ΪǿߣǼǿģһЩϸ΢Ҳֱֻܷ䣬Ҳܹ˭
׶
һɲǣɫޱȵѿԭΪֻһﱻ°ߡ
ֻУϳŮͿ׵Ķ䣬ȴһ
ʮϢ֮ɫѿޱȵĺںСԺС
ֻһɨɫѿˡ
ţСԺڣһˡ
ֽĺϸͼı
Ƭ̺󣬺ٴηԼĸۡ
ŮŮﱻ°ڱ°һӣֻһ룬Ҳѹ
һ˵˾ȲĴҪиʲô⣬ǺңɾҪˡ
һ˶ĺѹƬѪܵĶѪһ
ף֮УӦ˵ҪЮˡ
ҪȻǻӰҲⴢָˡ
Ͷ룬Сֵʱ򣬺͵һ䣬Ŀ˺ͫԺķ
Ҫػɣ°λѪ׵ˣǺͫΪָʾġ
ɣ᲻뻢齻õ̫Ϳأ
ֻһԸĺͫ˶̵ʱڣϡ
ңɲΪͫǱߵ֣ܹǰѵĴڡ
ͿǺϤģ°Ѫ׵ˣԲͿ
ǸҶ棬սк鱦ǣܹ۷ǰѵˣȴ޿ܡ
ţǶʵš
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ΪʲôҪ°ĶŮȻǸأ
˼˼Ϣ֮󣬺ǣ¶һ˿ȻЦݡ
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ȻȻģų˺ͫһĿԣͽ߶ԳͬĿˡ
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˵Ѫ顣
Ҫ˫ܶȲͬ
Ҷ濳ŮǿŮӵԴ˵Գܵס
ǺвҶ棬˵ɱ˳Ǹϳƣ߶֫ȲΣвҶ涼ܲˡ
һӣҶ޷¾;جΰ龰
ԣҶ治ܹĽֻ辶ԱԽֶ֫вӦҶ档
ңеĿܣҶѹ뾭һ̡
ϾĹУ̫ˡ
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ļʶԷ⼸ˮ©
ҪںʱһǰųȥָͿɽԵһ׻£ȻҪȷǻģҴĳŻĽص㡣
У˵ҲֱףˣκλУյģͲѪ׵Ķ䣬Դ
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Ϣ֮ȷ˷ûκˣҲûκӵ£̤˺Ժһ鷿
鷿УԪ֮ٴɢ鷿ÿһ䣬飬Ħ˳еļʯеһ顣
Ҷ۾͵صɴ󣬺Ϻ̫꣬ƻˣȻزֲôΣҲûҵ
Ҷܹ֮һĻΪ鷿һ
ʵҶ沼֣֮úѪ׽ֻĽ
õĽǣڽ֮ǰȳ
ΪҶֻҪȳλѪףͱ뽫ȥ
һ㣬ü٣
Ҷߺһ㡣
ͨαװ߻ûӲǿߵ۾ģǺиҶһ̫ıԴ
ֻҪ̫ıԴûܹǿߵ۾
εȱ󣬺ûеġ
ԣڽ֮ǰ
۽ʱжٻУųȥһϣǲˣеģûô
ҶĻᣬҲ
ҪϳͱȥֻҪҶźҶܹҵѺĵطȻ뷨Ӫȡ
ȻںСĽ£һҪٽźһλǿߣѹܡ
ǣǰͨ͡źĶ򣬺Ҷǰõĺ֣벻Ҷٶѡ
ںȥĲ쿴֮ʣҶͽС˳ȥ
˲Ϣ䣬Сͻǧ򣬴ں֮ڵÿһ껨ݲ֮С
ÿһ껨ݲжСϢÿһ껨ݲݣͳҶ۾
ҶȻȻľͿǰһĻ
ָɣһǰʯù󣬺óһöƣɲǣǰǿʯͻȻ⻪ţһйŶس֡
ҶͫһֲҲ
ԭһС磬£ҶܹҵŽй֡
ʯ֮УȷʵһС磬ԵɺµģȻ˵ֲȱС磬ȴܹػˣȴһֱΪ
ȺǸֻܴĽҪöˣҲǹѺʵĵط
ִһ龯ѶֻǽȥһĹ򣬺ǷǳСġ
⻪ʱ򣬺һӽй֮С
һɲǣҶߣشӵص
ӣ
һŷ֮⣬˲ϢںԺڳֱ֣ײ˺Ǽ侲ҵǽڣʯ볾й֮ʼ£֮ǰйŵģ
ˣ
ȥɲǣҶпţһڽѺС֮ˡ
ֻǣһͬģźλƻޱȵĵ۷ǿߣ


1943 ı
Ժ۷Ϊս۵ľ飬һƿʱ򣬺ʱʶʲô
ܵģ߶ƿصǰȱСĽǿйرոոմ򿪵ͨ
ǣԴ羫ķӵٶ̫ˡ
һ˲ʮľ롣
ʵںӦɲǣҶѾӽǰȱС硣
Ҷһɲǣͬˮйص˷ȥ
ʲôҶʱѹû˼ȥܣҶڵ뷨ǣȻôһҪ񣬾Ƚҵ
ֻнҵٰȫͽڣҶܹһ
ɢɲǣҶͻȻ䷢֣ȻתһӶȥ
Ҷת˲Ϣжϳһܡ
ܹΪľųϣǲǼưٳһǻƾԳȺ
ôϺ꣬ʮа˾ѾжϳҶߵͼ
ɵĸҴǰȱС磬ǺӦûжϳʮа˾ţǳŹѺĳġ
ôʱǿдҶ棬һ
ȥʲôأ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷжϡ
жϳҶͼ£ǶҶʵ£ʱͼʮа˾Ϊ˽ȿ֡
ôʱǰķ򣬾ǹѺķˡ
жϵɲǣҶ߶Ԫ飬ϳӿеĴ羫顣
˲ϢͱҶ߶˼£ǲĵ
̫޴ٶȣ̫ʱŽǰ壬羫ӵٶȣԲǺ׷ϵġ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶͺԽ˵˳ηӣ˲ϢͽԶԶ˦
ͬʱٴӿλá
˲䳬ԶȥĴߣ֮ɫϣȴȫЦ
Ϸۣ»˵㡣
ЦУؼת෴ķȥ
Ҷ󾪡
˲ϢͷӦˣϵˡ
Ϻֲ꣬ҶʱѾȺʮľˣǷʮﷶΧˣȴûҵ䡣
Ϻ꣡
ŭһҶǼͣתźķٴ׷ȥ
һεĶ˵ˣթĿܣҶ棬ȴĲ𣬸䲻
ǣҶɹıϺˣһȦ˶ʮľ룬ת׷ȥ
Ҷת׷ϺʱѾʩչηӣ֮ˡ
׷ϵɲǣҶһͣŲ͵ͣס
վưڱסĳͷĶҶ档
ٸǰһҾȱѾͷ
͵ͣҶ棬ȭ߬İͰ죬Ρ
ҶϣС˺Ϻƣֹǻ۳Ⱥֱı㡣
ô̵ʱڣҶķӦ뷨Ƶƾͼ˳һٶƭҶ棬ҶٶϵƣɹĽ
ƣֱ£
ʱĳСǻ֣̿򶨣۽ǱߺСۣ֮ǰѾ޹ˣȻȶҶ͵һ顣
۰
ƫƫҶʱܹ¶κ۵ı֣ҶһֳԳĹȹ֮󣬾ͿܱϺԵġ
ҪĻҶĴ룬ʮа˾ŻΪһ硣
ҶΨһҵģ֮ǰҶΪԷһı¶ϳȻóҶģж֮ǰҶ̫鱾ԴûһĿ
ңΪ˹ʲҶʱһ޵ݺͱ顣
ԣҶϳ˳ǳȴûϳҶ棬Ҳûϳ
ҪȻĻ¾ˡ
СѾͷоͱˣҺ£ҵòĻᣬҲõ˴Ҷɾ
Ҷû˿ĸ飬żеǼ
ң۾һɣŭҶ档
ʲôҵģ
Ҫо͸ϽУˣ棡
ҶǸһ˿̵Цݣ⻪һŮͳҶС
Ҷź󾱵ĺһ֣ͱң
㣬ûǸģ
һ£ҽûзԴͱҶһ󱬣
㣡

һ۾˲ϢѪ죬ֹסľҲ޲ϾɱҶ档
Ů˵󱬣Ƿʹ֪࣬
һɲǣһֵȻҶĵĳ嶯
ǣҶ潫СӺɲǣ͵شһ飬Լǵ뷨˲׵Ժ
һԣԽǴˣʵԽǣ
һһŮһһŮǰУѪס
ƴ
ңǰߵĿӦúһҪóȥвͫȥȡǸᡣ
ߵв
ҴӱԼҲ᲻þɱ
ϾóвĺͫϣǴһѷĻᣡ

µҪ͵˵
ҪǰߵٴСӺԴǿܲˡ
ؼǣ飬ǰ߻ĴΡ
ҵͼ㻹𣿡
СѾͷвͫٺʲֻõСѾͷѡ
ʣµһﻹŮСѾͷҰȫ뿪Ҷ


1944 
޿ܣ
ΪϺ꼶ĴڣһھͷҶ顣
ҪǽҶ飬ڽⳡУҪһƿ
ңŮɾͰˡ
ȻܽҶƿе顣
ųϣɲǰ׵ģɲ׾˰ڲˡ
ܿģҲѧҶһĺһţĶҶ档
ҽһƱˣȻһ¹˭֣
Ҷģ˲ؾ
չǸӣôһţ
һޣҶӵۣ޲֮
Ҷף᲻ֳܱһ˿һۣ򣬱ضᱻϺԵģ
ޱһҶϹ⻪һܵĶӺмãͳҶһֻС
û£棬ֻһΣһΣӦǺˬģҶᡣ
Ѫȷ磬Ҷװĺ
ɷһޱȵķŭգûѡͬھķ
Ͼɱ˳ҶɱѪףܹҶ棬Ҳˮһա
û˳вͫ˵ʧλѪףʹѪٶϾ֮Σ
ǿ۰ͼĶӺмõʱ򣬸ޱȵʹϧ
ԣ򲻵ѣǲԸġ
΢΢˼һ£һЦ·
ȻҸʣõеʣҷʣһʤģȻõҪʣΣ
ͻȻ֮䣬һҶ޷ܾ顣
ҶɲҴӦ̫죬ǴӦ̫죬ϺĻɣɾͲˡ
һ˼ģ˼˼Ϣ֮Ҷ滺˵ͷͽŵĺм˷˵ϣãҪһǾһ˭ܵõƾ£
أҴӣŮأųһˣ˵
ܣ
һΣҶܾˣһѾܳԿˣϾĵ̣Ҫ֣ˡ
ȻҪǲԸ⣬ǾɱɱŶŮһҶЦ
ʱƣֱ޷ݡ
ܾȳһһԺԣѾֵˡ
ֻҪȳСҵѪͿԵȥֻҪѪȥôƴʣµʱǰ߸ɵٴııǸѷĻᡣ
ã
սսҪǴս֮ʱû߳ҷȰ㣬ǲҪˣ
һΣһ޴ĳޱľ˳ͷϡ
˼ײ
ҪҶҳûǺĳԻڵһʱɵ
Ҳǣ
ҶһЦͷһΣһӰͬ࣬˫鰴˺СӺͶСӺмõԴϡ
ʤߵˣ
ʤߵˣ
˵ķӰͬʱǵ˵ʱһӺҶ档
ϱȼյĳɫһƺնȼ
ҶĸоУؼ䣬ƺֻ棬޷ݵ
ط֮
ǵǿ߲ܶõط֮Ȼܹط֮ǳ٣ȴѾѹ֮µˡ
һ־Ϻϵѹơ
ѹ󲿷ֵ֮µߣǣҶȴС֡
úã
ЦһҶĸǶʹԺһצ涾һſڣһͽĻĸ
鱦
ɫһ䡣
ֱӵطγɵϵѹ鱦ΪļֶԿʽ

ָһ꣬öͺХź˺
ûоȳҶºϳݣ֮ǰùɽ׹鱦ҶͲˡ
㱾£㻹ϷĶ֣
˫ɽ̧޷ޱȵĵƸֵɲǣ˫
˲ϢҶǿ
˵ʵҶ걻ˣ⻹ǵһء

ɢſֲϢĻӺзɳĺҶ档
ÿһ⣬ޱȾ˵طϢҶӦԵķˡ
Ҫǣÿһ⣬ҶϢģҶѹûκʱͻȥȳ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ·硣
սһʼҶûԼȥȳҶ˿Ϊںעһߴڵġ
ս˼ңѹҶᣬޱȵĽȫȫҶϣֻڷϱһƼٵ
ҶƤӵ£ѹûʱȳġ
ǺҲûз֣һɫʱٶȣԺԲƵٶȣڵص׻ųķ䶯š
Ҷٴαһʮף̺ط֮𵴵Ѫʱ
Сı壬ڻĴӵص䶯˳·ȴֵɲǡ
鱦ˣϷԿ㲻ռϷĺЦ
Σ
Ҷδ߶Ƕ飬źĹ

ҲںߵɲǣС͵ͷ·йһ㡢ƾճһĴӵص
ţ
ķӦǼģҲǼġ
Ӧ죬һĳһצ˳Դ

аܸ
ĳһצµͬʱСѾڳͷϽһٶܡ
ͬһɲǣɫţŻס
ԭҶ棬ҲһɲתΪӣ֮Ҷֱʩչӣ˳ķ
ܲҶ˼һߣһطĻ⣬һĴӺ̽˳
ٶϣҶ档
ǣĹֶεٶȣȴԳԽҶٶȡ
ǴЩطĹԲһصľԵֵġ
ľǸӣ»ɻҽ
ȻҪ滨Ǿ㳹治ɣǺ뷨
ӼӹȥɲǣҶԪ֮ҲһɲǷıСΪ壬׵Ľס
Ԫ鲨̻ըһ㣬ɲǼ°ıȻɢ
ҶԪ鲨һɢģСɫԼסĳ
ȫҶͽڡ
£Ҷ޷̫Զľ뽫ǿŲƽġ
ҶѪһСҶԪ壬ֲһˡ
СͽڵɲǣҶͷһɣſĴЦ
϶ڣǿԷһսˣ
ɽ׹鱦ͬʱ֡
㣡۾͵صɴ


1945 Ŀͻ
ûң
ȳͷĴʯͷأҶһɡ
ϵ򵥰ɣУ֪ͫܵģ
ҲôһʣʵҶǲشġ
û뵽Ϸմ㣬ȴۣգǱˡۣĶҶ棬һģͽ˸ոձȳСӺӺмϵĽơ
Ҷ淽Ųһ֮£ȳ˳Ҳͬ˺ᣬȳһһ
ȥһߺţԶ㡣
ķԸһĿֿҶ棬Ҳ⣬ϷǾԲ뿪ģ
Ǹϵĺ鱦չȫ䵽Ϸһš
ǲǾģ۷ΪͳԶ۷أһɵҶʧЦ
˵أ
Ҫ˵Ҳ˵̫ˣ飬˭ҶĿ⿴˼ٳ󷽵ĺСӺӺмá
ţ
ʶʲôĺ͵ػͷԼһһȻ󣬺ͿһҲԸ⿴Ӱ졣
ڷٺ˵СӺӺмõԴͻȻըһϣİ׵ĺڵĵҷɣεĺһת
㣡
ϣ˸㣬ŮͫŮ裬Ҵǵ⣬ֻһѡ񡪡ţһޱȵɱشҶĴų
㡭ö
ڴڵĴϢţĿԼ۰СӻɢټͣʱҲЩܲס
ҶֻЦ
ױץߣôޱȵĽм÷ųأ
ж֮ǰҶͽ˻裬Ȼǿʩչǣ
ҶĴ㣬ܹʾߣҶв
ڣֱֻӷǣռƣһɢһѵѣ
ڳûбʲôƣҶûʱ飬Ҷȴ͵Գһ顣
ʲôֶΣʱҲ޷á
Ƚ˼飬ϸϸ鿴
Ϸؽʬϣ
һŭ𣬺һ̤ʱ棬ͱ¶ޱȵҽ̺ط֮ĳɫ⣬˷ΧҶ档
һ֮£Ҳûκι˼ɵĺͶȫ
΢УϸܵĺɫܲҶǳȵĸ¡
˵ʵҵĿֲҶ涼Գһʱ䣬˵ǱҵԲһصҽ
壬ɵף鱦Ե
¡¡
ЦУ׹˸
ò˵۷ĴڣǺм͵ģܹвҶġ
ǣҶķش֮ͨ£ǵشھİ£Ѿ֮ǰһɲĽҾʩչͨˡ
Ҷٶޱȣشֽһ˺ٶȣ֮ٶȲٴ
ټαİҶһֻԴһ㣬ں߻ƴ
ΧĻϵͨȷʵԸǵҶ棬ȴ޷˵Ҷ档
úıŭһһεĴ߱Լʵ
Ҷ棬ǲˡ
ǽ׹ӵ£ȻɽԵֵһΪŰĸǶ츽׻ս
ûãΪﵽصľͷСٴγΧӦ
ѾŭĵĺʱҶֶλһһ֣ӦÿҪˣҡ
ȴѹ֪ҶУʱĺѾһѵսǡ
һֱǿ߶Ҷ涼ӵѹԵʵҶǿŹԡ
ҶҲ޷֪ļ鱦ļ
ǽ죬ȴԵĲˡ
Ȼ˵ԲͬǿߣһĲ죬ǣֻҪһµķΧ㹻Ҷοˡ
ңҶҲ֤ķشͨ
ӲûֿռͨĵǿߣҶͨԵǿʱԱˡ
Щȫ
ͷ̫֣СѪҲǷϣС˵ģǱ
ͷҲڰλ˺ۣҶţⳡս󣬾ͷսһ
Ŀ죬ͻƵ
⻪һһֱҶڿĿ֣֮ǰĿҶؼ򣬴ãȴûͻƵ
ɼͻƵ֮ѡ
ĿĻ˵оѾ˵ıԵǲôһ㣬޷ͻơ
һֱڲڣҲûͻơ
ҶģһܺõĻᡣ


Ŀ˫һŹ⣬ӿ𣬻óǧغ⣬ͳ˹ȥ
Ŀ벽ĳ֣úЩ
ĿҶһİ֣úüɵ
ɵɵʱȴûκѡ
Ļ˵죬Ҷ֮䣬ֻһȥ
ĿݷʵսϣûԽս
֮սһʼǱѹ̬
£Ŀںֵ£ʮбʮ֮Ϳʼ໷
ǣҶڰ
оĿŲסˣҶһ׺ȥȻͷСΧȥĿϢ֮
ĿתͷСͻٴȥ
ºʱѾҶͼ˱۴֮⣬ûκѡ
һһεıˣˣĿһһεҶİ£õĴϢ֮
ͬʱʵսУĿǰãؼиһһӦ֤
ĿĶսʱ䣬ԽԽ
ʮбĳŵʮУʮУС
һԵϢ۴ĿӿԽԽԲת⡣
սĿǴеһҶۣѵϵһһľ˶Կš
ڣĿһҶۣҲһޱȾ޴ĺˣľ˻Ϊ塣
ڴ֮ǰֻҪһСģһ˾ͿԽĿۻ
˿̣ͬ˵ĿǱľ˴ɢϿԾ
һ̣ĿһǶ

һŭٴνĿһȭɣĿӿѪȴЦݡ
;УĿҶңңһڣл˳ȫĳѾ̤żֻ뿪ȱС磬ʱܹ̤
ã
ҶɴĴһָôңҲ˷ֳʱˣ
һķ֮ҶԷ˲ϢںǰԼֱӵһȭֱںĸ
ƾŵһȭҲɱϷĴȥɣЦһЦδգɫ䣡


1946 Сı仯
ҶһȭȻҷ֮ٺ͵شǣ˲Ϣͺ˺ؿڡ
ǣںһȭԵԵҲ㣬ټϷӵٶȼӳɣȷʵס
Ը֮µߣǽ۷Ĵڣһ֮£Ҳضˡ
Ըǵ۷Ͳˡ
䲻Ļ׵ķ
ԣѹûܣſֲ˫ƣҶ档
Ҷսٶ֮޷ǡýʱҶ¡
ǣûϵҶȭСʱ򣬾Ȼ͵һɫ⡣
һĽɫ˿⡣
ǣǰɫ⣬ǶصϢļµúɫ䣬ʧɫ
Ը
ЩǿԸ
ÿһԸӵſƸΰ
˵Ը컯֮
ÿһλǿߣ̤ϵ֮·֮󣬶ȷһĿ꣬Ǿ뷨ռ㹻Ը
ΪϵǽܲͻƵ컯Ĺؼ
ˣԸκںϣɱ͹
Ƕеĵǿ߶ԣ˵һΣÿһƵԸޱȵġ
ǵͷûԸһ˿һԸġ
֪һԸͿȡʤųɾŵĵǿߣɰܣҲԸ⶯Ըȡʤ
ҪԸ̫ѵˡ
ǣǰʲô
ҶȭϣȻܲһɫԸöٵԸ
ߵΰ˵Σ
ôҲֻǻ߼ͷ˿ϸһԸо
ڣʲô
һ۷ߣȻԶ˶Ը
һɲǣһҶ汩ĳ嶯
ǣҶȴκλᡣ
Ҷ涯ʮԸܲȭͷĽɫ⣬䵽Сϣѩһ㣬˲ϢͽĻ׸ơ
ǼƷףո֣ͱҶܲʮԸȭͷķ顣
·ݿһ㣬ҶȭֱӽСһ󶴡
Ѫɡ
ʱѾ޷ݣǸӡ
ʵ벻ͨһصߣ˶Ը
˵أĵڵĴڣҲûôԸɣ
Ǻ֪ҶζԸõԸԸڵ֮һ㲻ϣ֪θ룿
ҶֱֱӶúԸһȭش˺ʵֻһʼ
ҶȭʱҶ滹ں󴦣ͻȻͳɫ
ɫٵӺĸڲ˺
СĿǰ۷Ϊ£ǳֵɲǣɫͽɸӣ
ºǵǿߣͻϮ£Ҳҽ
ڷϲˡ
ѾСɸӣ뷴
һɲǣСĴ߶£ǽɸӵһĸϵһ㣬ɿĳȫѪ⾫
ʮ÷״ɿ˺ͷڡ
󺧣
еڣҲʧʵܻ
ǵ٣군ˡ
һʩչѪ֮õԪ롣
һԶŵҶ棬͵һ̵١
ӣΣ
ֱӰںͷһаЮֱ֮˺ĵ֮Уúĵ֮࣬ԪǾ֣ѹ޷ʩչѪ֮ݳԪ顣
Ҳһɲǵĵ飬ѾСʮ÷Ԫ룬ͳ÷״˺ĵ
ʮС֫Ĳס˺Ԫ飬ϸŵСʥŮʱõ컯֮Ԫѹġ
һеһУںŵûɢ
ԭϻҶһֻҰ
û뵽ȴ˾ת
ҶԸ˵ֻ۵ľϣȻ컯֮
컯˲ӵе컯֮
⵽ðĹ̥
һɲǣֱһ˹ĸоôֵùˡ
ԣúԸɢҪɱңҿԽꡭ
ҶǸһĨ⣬Ϻ꣬ǽ꣬ҶҲð
οҶѾ˺ĺüλѪˣֻҪҶ治ɵ;Բº
Сɣҿı֡
Ҷһڴ
Ҷĺڴ˼ʮС׻ʲôı仯أ


1947 С
Ҷ浱꽫ħѶˣ֮һֱڣȲҲ
֮⣬ջһųͷĺ
Ҷºͳһ£ջһһǧš
ЩҶԺԲ
ƺʥģиʦηɰ׵ģԼǧ̡͡ģࡣ
ڵĿʱ䳬ʮ꣬˾Ҳһҡ
ҶԼĵҲš
Ĵ󻧣ʵСè
ΪСèѪСè̳Եʮš
Ҫ˵ȥһߵľĿ
֮⣬ͷһ˴ԼʮţЧ
ǵģҶĿҲʮϡ
ʮĿҶ濼ǹá
ֱǲܴͶŵϵģͶŵϣֻɼ۸̡
ǾУǸƷûʲô
ҶʼΪӻʯֻĵرҪȥõʵļֵ
͸Ʒûʲô
ҶһֱʣʮļֵӳԭҶ뷨һҵͷϣܽͷҵʲô̶ȡ
Ԫ鰢ȴϿҶ
ָͷȷʵĿռ䣬ǣþͷѪʮȴǲġ
ԭҲܼ򵥣ͷоſԴÿԴһֽȻͬԸ
þͷѪҪɱɱӣ޵ľű
ȻͷѪСèѣ̫޾űĵ£ʮǾԲġ
֮ʮҵͷϣǿԵջġ
ҶЩѡ
Ԫ鰢ȴҶһѣΪʲôȫҵأ
󣿡
˵С
ҶЩȻСҲԷ
һֱҶΪľڵС޷ģԣһֱûⷽĳԡ
ôԣ
ͷЩֶ˸ɣ˵һССˣңԴͷ츳ٶȣȱ˿ˡ
ھСĵjiao֮Ԫ鰢ǸҶ˽̸СĳƺҲ˴
ԤСöٿ֮󣬻Ե꣬ҶЩ̲סʵ˵Сƽʱʰ㣬С㻹Сʵ
ԣԪ鰢Ҷ淭һİۣ˵ҶүôС֮ĶȾ֮ðɣ
Ҷһˣհͺһ䣬С֮ģ
Ҷүģǳʰңûж⣬𣿿ңʵάȨ
үҶүһ壬ãҲǰɣ
Ҫ군ˣүҲûӹˡ
ʵҵİȫϵΪʲô˵ţԪ鰢һӵĶҶһۡ
Ҷˣһ䣬ͳСˡ
ڴͷöٿԼЧͲ˵ˡͷѪʮλԶžļ壬컯֮ԣ˵
ǣҵͷϣԱҵͷһϣĶࡣ
ǾСɣ
Ҷ˾
ʵϣҶҲ֮ǰûԴӾ֮Ҷͷ֣С̳ٶȣǿǲǸǵġ
ϰٿһգ۵ĹͱСɵĸɸɾȻʱռˡ
ҶԪ鰢ԻʱǷҶ滹ɳھֵʱ
һ꣬ͣĲֵСڼһ
ովһ䣬СͻһȻʱռڣԭֻдʱϢʱ䣬ɰʱá
ɹҲǷȻ
ΪֹСɵĿѾʮˡ
ҶʣµѾˣʱ䣬ҶѾ˹ӦС
ϾҪһãؼʱ̣źܴĽ׼ֵ
˵Сʮ֮ѪԵı仯
ǣҶ۲죬СԼûзѪʲôرı仯
ҶЩʧ
ʧ֮࣬СԼȴǰʱ䣬ʮʱڷһЩı仯
ʲô仯ȴ˵ֻܻȷ֮ǰйء
ЩҶһֱڱѰʵսῴС仯ĻᣬһֱûС
ȳ֮ҶֱԸش˺Сһɻᡣ
Ҷ뿴Сʮ֮׷ʲôı仯
ԣа׷˺ѪԪĻ֮Ҷȫ߶Ԫ֮ϸĹ۲Сʱɹ̣뿴Сʲô仯
Ϣڷɿļţ֮ǰٶȿ˲١
ңԴ֮ǰСҪҶϹƵʮ÷ԪܹѪ̺ľ
ڣСÿһɵ
ûʮ÷Ԫ룬Сһɵ˵
ΨһźǣҶСĿǰƿڣ޷Ϊ
ѹ޷ҶСΪҲûá
ҶСĺǿΪһԵӽռĵؿռݡ
ĵؿռޱȵǿǰҶҲŬˣʱǺĵؿռݵġ
Ч΢ؿռ˿һûκЧ
ȼ
ľȥ壬ٶľҲġ
ʱڣҶ޷ƿؿռݵϣģԪ鰢Ҳ޷һ׼ȷݡ
ȴһ
㹻ˣڱС֮󣬺ؿռϵʱҶŬʱ˿ؿռݣʼڡ
飬֪ؿռжȫƿؿռݣҪ٣Ҷʵ
ĿӦһ£һֱģҵĸӦҲЩģиŵĹ㡣
ĿǰǿȺͺΪܹŪһٸĵ۷ǿߣȻǵȫؿռϣͿܺƵؿռݡ
ţӦòᳬɡ

Ҷͷ֮࣬Ĵ
ɵҲһٶʮλ۷ǿߵȫҪԸ˺ĵǿߣѣҲ
٣ҶһܶĿꡣ
Ϊʦ½˵ķݷӡԽúߣԽǿ
ңһ򿪵ԺķݣͿܻһղء
ʦ½룬ļλڣղأ֪
ƿؿռҶһϵ˽Ͱ֮ĿתصСϡ
˵ʵĿǰΪֹҶ滹Щʧġ
ֻǿٶȺͷʽʮ÷ԪҲܹô
Ҳһʧѡ
ҶСԼĺӿͶٶ࣬ûҶҲǻСġ
ҶʱֻЩźʱǿСƬΪͻͻƵ
Сİ£ͿԽһֺΪתҶΪ
Ժ۷ΪֻתһɣҲǷǳֲģһΪҲпܵġ
ǣСƬʱСĿǰڽ۷ؿڣֻܽǺľΪĵؿռݡ
Ų˷ѵԭҶһͽսѪ˳
Ԫ֮սѪǴ󲹡
ҶʱúøսѪһ£ûħ˧ͻƵĻᡣ
սѪѪһֱԪ飬ҲսѪѪ֮ǰԪ飬ͻȻͷһޱȵĲҽ⡣
սѪѪ⣬ֻǵһ㻹δȫԪ֮
Ҷһ
ŷ֣Сʮ͵÷Ԫ룬˿ȫںԪλô
ҶΪ⣬С˺ߵԪ飬ǣƾСûа취õߵԪֱӱ⡣
ǣСȴˡ
Сô˺Ԫġ
ҲҶոʳڵɲǣһ޷ݵļ¶شҶڴ
һֱبľʹڵǳĸоһبΰҶ治ֱӡ
̫Ĺ⻪ղֱӣ˿ȴҶһֽӽޱȾֵĸо
ϢҶϤˡ

ǵǿ߶еϢ
ͬʱҶڵǣҲӦϢ׷ױѡ
ҵڣҶүͻƵˣû
ͻƵҶСͻƵķǳΰ
һ׹飬ʱҲԭޱ׺ĸǶڵ츽׻飬ʱȴ¶һ˿η֮ɫ
ͻ˵ôûоҶһȻ
С
ͻȻ䣬Ҷ͸ӦǵϢԴͷľҵСı塣
ȻҶһֱ˵ĸо
Ԫ鰢ʯˡ
ͷͻƵ˰
ĵطƿңңڣӣҪþõġ
ھͷ棬ѾϰˣͷǴͷ
ԣСҶͻˣϢԴĳС
ͬһɲǣոͻƵСϢͿʼٵȹ
ҶԸСѾֹͣ˽ĺΪȫ䵽ڵؿռڣתתԼΪ
ͻ˵СΪͿˡ
⣬Ҷɻ
ĿҲս֮ǰؼӡ֤̤˵Ĵš
С磬һȱС磬޷Ŀײ͸һѾżط򣬾޷ͻƵ
ֻ뿪ȱС磬תطȫ磬ĿϾܹͻƵ
ôˣĿȱС޷ͻƵСΪʲôԣ
һͻƵ֮죿
ȫѧ
һǺʲô
Ҷģһʲô
ͻȻ䣬Ҷ뵽֮ǰ״Сʮ÷Ԫ룬ΪʲôںԪλã
ΪʲôԪԵ޹ʵıأ
ѵ
үģͷˡͨʲôԪ鰢ЩƣЩ١
ףСǲڶСĿǰʵѹֻš
ǣҲзһ졣
ĺءطƿʱʵҲӦĽ⣬Ļ
ǣڴͷһʱ䣬»ƣܵý⿪ءǵڰؿռݣзĿܡ
Ҳ뵽ģͷȷʵпܾ츳Ͼһеࡣ
ڣ
üģҶ漱ˣԣһѾ֪СϷʲô顣
Ҷ棬Ȼ²⵽ʲôǲôһ㡣
󣬿˵СѪ׷ʲô仯˵Ҿа㼸ٴΣ
үģͷһΣ˴ˡ
ͷʮ֮󣬿ܽһ츳ͨһǳֲĳ̶ȡЩ޾ʵ˵
ǳֲĳ̶ȣ˵Ҷǲаը֣в״
ǰͷҲһ±˵Ѫ֮ģڣҹƴͷڷʮѪ֮һ츳ֱͨ˿ˡ
ʲô
ֱ˿ΪҶ濴ΪڳСٿԪ鰢һֲʵĸо
ʵǡ
ûҲֻܽʹͷΪʲôȱСڣֱͻƵˣ
ͻƵҪǶҪƿһ˿طܹ֮ͻƵ˵


1948 ջ
ͻƵ֮СΪϢڷɿš
ΪͻƵ֮ÿһС磬Ҫһ
£һλڵߣҪΪӵ۷壬˵Ҳð๦
ǣΪͻƵ֮󣬲طͱޱҪ
һ˵ߵһΪΪԽߣԽԽ
طԸıĲƷʡ
һһֵʴ󵶣һһֵĸʴ󵶣ر
£ʴ󵶿նʴ󵶡
߲طĶ٣;ʵĻǸʵġ
Ϊͬ£طȽ϶ߣս϶ǿطȽٵߡ
ңط֮ڵһ֮УǿԽսһ
Ҳ˵򵽵ط֮߾һʤ
Ӱһսʤ̫ˣˣÿôãȴǻ
£ΪͻƵ֮󣬾ֲͬѡ
һߣصΪϱߣһߣ򽫲صڲط֮ϡ
Ϊ֮ϣһޱ̣ÿһǳļѡ
ĿǰٴС̣ͱȫһ
Щ򵥡
ֻҪ㹻ĵǿߣСΪͿԷٵط֮Ϊ
ЩСԿɵ
һˣҶ͵زһ¡
Сԣǲ˵Ҷ桭
Ҷպ֮·ΪƿĴڣ˵ǿׯǣٶȣԲһܹȵġ
ǧΪСֻ˰ʱ˸ɸɾѪȫ˷ĩ
Ҷһ£Сٶϣ֮ǰҲ˴ȵ
˵ҶʮСϣûκ˷ѣҾﳬֵ
״ˣ֪һʲôˣոתСͼеĳҶ˵
ǲǿɵ߲õط֮Ҷ淴ʵ
Сһ£ϲ״ˣ㶼֪ˣ
ոտͻ˵
Ҷ濴һܱߣСʱˡ
ģ״ˣ֮⣬Ѿ֮ǰϹΪƵʮ÷Ԫ볹һ֣⣬ͨٶȺתȣҲõ˴ȼǿС˵
ţǿʲô̶ȣ˵˵Ҷ˵
״ˣתȣҪԣľҵתǰٷ֮٣ˮЩұԲͻ֮ǰֻתңڣתĳɡ
ҵıԳͻ֮ǰתķǷǳǳСģɶûС
ڣڵĻתΪҵΪԴﵽһɡС˵
ط֮ĳ̶أҶʵ
͸ˣҹƣɣҲǰٷ֮ңЩõط֮ǲٵģֻɵ˰ٷ֮壬Ѿ㹻˳ͻƵ˵жࡣС˵
ٷ֮壡
Ҷĵ˵ͷ
ҶĹƣиٷ֮һˡ
ź٣ʵϣֲܿġ
̶̰ʱĹСͻһλ۷ǿٽǧĲط֮İٷ֮塣
ֻ֮ҪʮΣСͿԻõ൱ڿǧط֮
ҪǴȥСҶ棬һʱͻΪеǿߵĹС
Ͼ˭ҲԸΪСΪɶ
С츳ͨľ˭Ҳܶκκἰ
֪µֻҶ桢СԪ鰢󼸸ˣҶ滹´˽
һǱĵǿ׷ɱΣж¡
컯ĴڣҲ֡
Ӧģֱֵ͡
СɵĹУûзֺڵĽӿռ䣿Ҷʵ
״ˣҿԸӦһӿռ䣬ȴ޷Ӧλãңӿռ䣬ںԪʱҲʧˡС
شҶЩۡ
һ۷Ĵڡľųϣǻٲˣп϶䡣
ɾźڵĽӿռΪС
ΪͻƵ֮仯֮¡
ΪͻƵͿԼӿռ䡣
ֻһ׷ԲĽӿռ䣬ҲȫĲƲſռ䡣
ǵطκζ޷ִҶҲ⡣
Ȼ˼ˣҶ׼뿪ˣͫǱ߻֪ȳϢúͫġ
뿪֮ǰҶ滹ǻһʱԼĲ鿴һǰȱС硣
һԲǧĲȱС磬󣬵ǣȴܹû˽룬˵ĵءˮ硢Ѿ
ҶԺˣУǿȱС֮еˮľ
˵ȱСܹΪҶ԰
ںʬɢĵطҶҵȱСĿƽֻҪ뿪֮õȱСǿʯҶǳ׵õȱС硣
ҲǽҶһջˡ
ɵϣֿסĲȱС磬һֱ˹󹺣ϵѵһκһõˣ޲Ϊ
ȴҶõˡ
뿪֮ǰҶͣһ¡
˼˼ϢҶ潫ڵĺӺã˳
С㴦ˡ
Ϣ֮󣬾ֵļУĴӺãϢıɢһѷĩ
СΪһ¡
ǻ˺һɵСĿǰΪҲǸո̤ѡ
СҶԺ£ӵķе
ˣľųϺǿ챻ҶˣǸĳλʥʦӺ֮⣬ֻʣŮͿͿס
ĴӺãҶǱɱģûκεԥ
Ҷ治ôһңڶԳ֮ǰӦϵĿܡ
ߣ˺㺦֮
ǶͿͿ׵ĴϣҶȴЩ²ȥ֡
Ϳۻ˵ҶɵͿ׵ĸͿۣûκ˭Ǻɷأûʲô˵ġ
ͿףҶЩ²ȥˡ
Ϳ׻һӡ
ⲻҶͬķģҶĺţȴ޷һʮĺ֡
Ҷʲô
ԣԥãҶûɱͿͿ׸Ӷˡ
֮ͿۣΪɱͿ۷ͿףǸɱͿûʲô
̫磬һûиδСǻ˼ġ
ǵҪвͫһģһ
˵ҶǱܵĲɺˣͿף
ˣҶ滹üڣҪ뿪ҲõҶ뿪̫ʱٷ뿪
ȱСĿƽͨ뿪֣˳ֽȱСļʯӽڡ
ųϸۡҶ뿪ʱûʲô
ϢģҶٴζص뿪ɿķص˺ͫСԺڡ
Ҷֵʱ򣬺ͫᣬºͫټǿٶ
Ƕһĸ׶ԣӶʧˡ
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Ҷ滺˵ͷ
ͫ˲ȻƺЩţҪʺأͳҶ滳
ͫһͲܲ˵ȥ˽ҶĻųҶ޵˺ѷΡ
˾ŵĳէһĸףҲٴη
Ҷųͫĺ󱳣οţûˣİɣһжȥˣһжȥˣⲻǾȻ𣿡
οţ˺һᣬͫŰʱ򣬺ͫŷ֣ȻҶĻǺӣһֵ񣬴ĸ׸Ҷ档
ͫһֱųһ§ҶĲӣϻۣҶ棬һֱųһ§źͫ
ͫôǿһ˶ᾹȻԼŮЩ졣
ˣ֪ͫûڳֽţϽһ¡ҶʱĸͫΧһ⻰ּͫˡ
Ҷ͵ľʼڲ鿴
ͫҲϸѯ˳ץߵΡ
ҵǣ˵ûʲôҲûԹʲô
ҶƣӦǺûüֽţҶڳϸ鿴飬Ҳûзκ쳣
£Ҷ棬Ǻͫ
Ҷֵܣûˣǣ֮ǰ̽ãĴ峤ƺҲڴͫ⣬ڿɵ취Ļúͫɫһ
Ҳû뵽ȻΪ˳ҪǣΪֹҲ֪峤ͺͼıʲô
£ҶҲЩɻ
ҶĴ㣬ӺĿиǵͼıͫʲô
СҶʧȥᣬɲ֪ͫϵʲôܡ
취ʵܼ򵥣֮ǰ˾Ҷ˵
ʲô취ͫ顢ǧ̵˵ĿͬʱҶ档


1949 Ϳĺ
Ŀǰ£õİ취ǰ뿪λ峤ͿƣͻϾĴӪҶ˵
Ҷ𰸣ĺܼ򵥣ʣ֮ǰ鱨λĴ峤Ѿּǣһ뿪ȻأԲ뿪ġ
һ㣬ҲǵˣƾСèٶȣǿ׵˦ء
СèٶȣּóռͨٶȵĵǿߣһĵǾ׷ϵġҶ˵
棿һ˶ЩĿСèСèǸ߰ĽԴһƫһ㰮Ųŵģ
ֻлüһֳݵĿ⿴СèСèá
Թģʮһ벽컯׷ɱҰ죬СèӳˡҶ֤һ¡
ʲô
ӵˣ˲ʯ
ͣԾޱȣ㵽ʲô飬ʮһ벽컯׷ɱ㣿
ͫУ𾪣һ˿ǡ
ڻüıŵˡ
ʮλһλ벽컯׷ɱ£ӳ죿
ʲôˣ
Сèٶȵжǿ
СèҶ棬ø¶ô˵飬Ĵ
һɲǣüתΪϲüеˣȻͬһ㣡
ʵҶԣиõİ취
ǽһ˵ȫͽڣȻҶʩչݣ֪ܿʧ
ǣͫ͵ռڣҶԷģǶҶεˡ
ǣüȴС
һüУܣֻһС֣Ҳ֪
£ֻ˶ˡ
Ҷ濴Сèٶȣ뿪Ҳʮʮȵ顣
ͫ²˳٣ûʲôҪʰģǻΪϾĴӪ۷壬кüء
ھͿԳˣʰİ춼ʰˡͫ˵
Ǿߣ
Ϣ֮һͳĻХУСè˳ѸҹлһԶȥ
ͬʱһʹм£ͫԺ￴һۣ־ͷһ⡣
Ϳɽеش峤ۡڴͿߵС
һеͿ߾ȻһҲżȻһЦȾв裬ѶȥĸףҲǴ峤Ϳ
ˣ
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һ峤Ϳ˾Ȳˣ˽Ǹ»λʥ˹ȥȥ̽̽
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Ϳ߲û뿪ʵףǷʲô϶ԸǲԸǶӦôã
⻹ҽλʥ˹ȥˣ𣿡Ϳѵ
ĴʥΪ˼һǹϵĵǿߣϣеĵǿߣԱΪʥ
һ֣ϵĴʥָ֮ͨߣЩзŵĴʥ
ˡͿߴҴ뿪
סǶ֣ҲҪռסݣ壬ضǹ¶ĸʮ꣬𣿡
Ϳֽһ䣬⴫ͿԶԶĻӦ
СèٶȣǼġ
£СèֱӾͽٶᵽһǳߵĳ̶ȣߴʮÿʱᣬǼٶˡ
ʱûз׷СèҲûнٶٶȡ
ΧϹ㣬ڵͿɽСèٶȣûöþͷɵͿɽıԵ
ֻҪ뿪ͿɽΧҶһˣѾȫ˴롣
ͿɽƿǺǿģǳͿɽƿԽԶԽС
ۿžҪ˳뿪ͿɽķΧˣҶҲһ
ҲڴʱСèٶȣͻȻ轵
һɲһСèϵҶ桢ͫһ˲ǰȥ
Ҷ桢ͫ˻ãΪʵͬʱܵķӦܿľͶΡ
СèˣĳȴǱ޴ĹԸ˦СèſƷϡ
һĻͫĻ궼ųˣҵǣҶ淴Ӧ죬ڳײ֮ǰƾȳƷϣ³һ޻ǿֲĳһĻգȫҶġ
Сèʲôˣ
Ҷ沢ûСèҶСèô꣬СèǴЦģΣֻһܣСêͻ״ˡ
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ϣҲ֪ô£ǰĿռ䣬ͻȻͱޱȵġ
·ǰﲻǿǲཬҵٶȣޱȵĻСè˵ġ
£ҿ
Ҷ뿪Сèıո뿪һݵǣУʹ˷˵ǷУҶŲһҲޱȵѡ
ô£
ҶһɻҶӵ𾪣һ·ӣȻȫ
ͬСè˵ȫǴޱֳɽཬ֮Уֻܹһǰ䶯
Ҷ波Ŵ߶ݣöݷܲ뿪
˼֮Ҷûɵۡ
ݣȻҲС
ҶѧܹȴģֻдصĻʳǡ
ڣĪĹŹֵشȻҶʧЧˡ
Сèһͨܲͨռͨ뿪Ҷ˵
ã
Ϣ֮СèЩյ𣬡ϣһռ̫ˣҵٶ޷ӳһֵĽһյϵѹûƿյĻᡣ
Ҷ
ֲý뿪ô˳뿪ôˣҲûκ׷ԭ
ǣǰʵ̫ŹˣΪֹҶ޷жϳཬʲô
ʲôˣҶ磿׵ĺͫҲˣһϾͷ쳣
ͫ飬ͻȻ͵ùŹ
ͫʲô֣
Ҷ磬ûϴĻпҺڲ̫ʱڵǺеĴĴ󡣡ͫ˵
Ĵʲôƽ֮Ҷ漱æʵ
ͫҡҡͷĴ󣬴̫ţֻ˵֪ƽ֮
֪Ĵ󣿡ҶԪ鰢ʱĿͿڼ׷
׷ˡ


1950 
׷׷Ҷͺͫżˡ
ųڹһٶȣĴ̶һߡ
ĴӦзΧģСèҲͳ˼׵ľ롣
Ȼ׷ˣ뿪ķΧҶһˣǾ׷ĻӰ
ҵǣķΧǹ̶ġ
Ҷһ˷ų׵ľ룬Ỻףһᣬ̶ٲάĸоˡ
˵Ҷү˵仰𣿡Ԫ鰢ҶԺ
ôˣ
˵괴Ĵǵˣĸ֣ͷʹޱȵĴ
ͬʱĴҲıӻشУǿĴȫģҲԼҪȻڵĺʵԲڻ塣˵
ݺĸ֣ҶüͷЩ벻ͨǿƽ֮
ûƽ֮ͷż˵ĴǹֻƣʵԽǿӰͻϼ֡˵
ҶƺѾЩĴԵˣҲΪʲôҲˡ
ҲĹ׷ļλѾҶǰ
һ塪ɴͿߴӣ˵ϢȴΪ֮һ


ɴ˿ɼǴ峤ͿԺͫĿأȻֱӶ
ԽǿأͼıԽ
ͫİҸ׺ӻĸŮʮ꣬뿪֮ʱһ棬Ҹ׵ģ
ոյִͿһ͸߸ϵһָĿǣѵ˺ͫ
Σͫȷʵ˴峤ͿıӻȻ֪ͫ峤Ϳĵôһ˿Ȼ
ͫ˵Ϳߵӵĳָζ
ҸײϧȼձԴѪ֮һ棬û뵽㾹ȻҪ͵͵뿪壬ͫԼġ
סڣ
Ҷһ֮ıȣͿߵָ𣬡Ϳߣ׹ûʵ˵ǣǸӵ㻹
ʼ塢òȻαӰˣҲָͫ
ҶŭͿЩ飬һس϶֮ˣƻ˺ͫúͫɳ֮٣ˣ£
Ϳ߻صɲǣͿһڵߣ˳̴̵ĳҶ棬Ҷ档
ƾ㣿ҶǸһ˿Ц
һ۷СӣҲ˵ȴ󻰡
˵䣬ĵ˵ҶǰǣҶһλ˻Ȼ˿㲻
ֱӰҪҶļɲǣҶָһ
һīɫٱޣƾճ֣ݺݵĳ
Сĺɫٱ޳ֵɲǣɫһ䡣
˽ľ£С˸ʵʵ
ž
ٱ޳һСȦλֻһΣһɲǣֽһ˵ͬʱһ鵶ȫնճֱǵɫٱޡ
Сٱ޷ɿأ˻ȥɫȴЩ԰ס
һɲǵʱ䣬ڵΪͱ֮һ
֮һַǳ٣˺üǧŻͻƵĴڶһ֮һǾ൱СĿޡ
⣬һɲǵʱڣٶϼϢʧΪͲС꣬ǺüǼʮꡣ
ʧɾʹˣ
ô£ͿһĲˬ
ǱƸܸߵҶ棬Ȼ˳Ȱغͫû뵽µĵȻʧˡ
ӣСӵ̱ӣйŹ֣ŵϢһת˲ҵΪ
һ˵ʱλɫһ䡣
սǲ¡
ǽǿΪߣʧɾʹˡ
˭ҲСġ
ΪͿߵҲùŹѹûϵҶﾹȻĵơ
ҶɫһСĺɫٱޣҶļͷ⡢̽էһҶһٱ޹һ㡣
ģȴǼλޱȵļɵ
Ϳ߱Ͼ峤ͿĽӰˣܿӦ֮
һһɵͨͱΪβ㣡ȻҪߺͫôҲͲʲôˡ
λһϰɣзɱۣͿֱΧ
Ҷɫһ䣬ֱӶĸûա
ţӣҲǱ˹ߵģԸġͫæ˵
ԸģԻҲ˵׼ͿЦ
һģдԸƾҲǲУǴʱҶ滹Ҫͫ
ҪǣĿǰΪֹҶûҵͨĴİ취
鷳
ҲͨĴİ취Ҷ治һеĶúԸɱǰ⼸λǿĵΧ֮⣬ûκκô
˵ˣĿǰζԣ˺ʱ˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ˾һ͸ͫһ괫
һɲǣڴͿٴΧҶʱ򣬺ͫؿˡ
ãӣǸȥҵ峤ͫ˵
ͿߵЩ⣬ǵ˵ͷͶˡ


1951 ߹
գҶһڴͿߵļ£תСԺ
·Ϳ߶ڱȳĳǳȤ
ףһˣ̫ˣͫӣ֪ĸ쵰µ֣ͿתĴ̽Ϣ
ͫʱ̬ȣǳ䵭ҪҶǰæҵټ׷ȥʱ°߳Ǹһڵһ˲ˣǼһһĶݷ˲ϢʧӰ١
ͫ˿ƭǲͱôһǶǣټٵĹ¡
࣬ɵӲŻ˵ȥ
ܺĶʲôҶɵһλִµϣǿԷĴ¡
Ķ
һ·˼⣬Ϳ߲ͣ̽ţȴ޷ҶֻǺͫõκõϢ
ͫӣҵͻᵽˣͻ㣬Ұĵȴ˵꣬Ϳ߾ͺλһ뿪ˡ
ҶǶͿߵıá
Ĵ󣬿֪˭ִƵģ
ȻĴػƷֻ֮Ҷڵʵ֮ûκοܵġ
Ҫ뿪ֻܴⷽ⡣
̫ǣֶӦǴ峤ܵġ
峤
ҶĿͻһ֮ǰһϢҶ˵ˣǵʱҶȴû⡣
Ĵɴ峤ͿôͿȥġ
֮Ϳֿп󷨵ķ
ܹõ󷨵ķҶĻᡣ
СèҪᣬҸƫƧĵطȥҶһСèʹŻüȥ
СèǻüҶ֧üϾҶЩܣǲֱӳڻüǰġ
üԴ˷ӦܻڣֻĻСèһ
ԽСèһԽ֣ƺĿǰ֮ڣûСèĻ壡
üһ뿪ҶǿԪ糱ˮһɢ˿ܵӣȻ󣬾ô͡ٴδռ
ӴͿߵĶ峤ۡһжҶֱӸ͡´
ˣ
Ҷ潫Ŀ⿴˺ͫͫĿǰΣȽ鷳ҲȽΣաԣĿǰĵһҪ񣬾ȱ֤İȫ
ţġͫ˳ӡ
Ŀǰԣ㲻ʧԣҽͳ͵ڵС֮У㰲ٺóҲᰲȻٳ
á
һɲǣͫ˲ʧ
Ҷռ䣬Գһ磬߻ԸҶ־лֿռ䡣
˵Ҷľס
֮ǰͿͿ׸ӣĿǰҶڣֻҶķΧڻ
ʱĳͺͫȻǲԶĵطҶԸڴã档
ͬҶʱռǱ޵Щ޼˾һ˵ȣҲֻҶ滮ķΧڻ
ԣͽռڣֻҪҶ治ͿԱ֤ľ԰ȫ
ΨһҪǵģǳܴܲס
Ͼռڣ̫̫ζˣûκȤԡ
Ҷܿ뷨
ˣ飬ͽˡ
ҶĻԪ鰢˵Ҷ㣬ҵүүⱲɱ˷Źѹýȹƣ͵ûС
¶ͷһΣޱȵķ㣬㲻Ҫ㲻᣿
С£ͽලˣǳ˻߿ˣ׼ֵĳ鰢ѾģҶ԰ԣЩпᡣ
״ˣϸϸٱѾҶ֮ڻε󰡣ǼҵСҪǲˣ㶮ġ
㲼ûҲС棬𣿡
һ޹Ǳ棬컻ˡ
Ƭ̺󣬺ͫһЦĴռˣҶ磬Ūô»СЦͣҶЦˡ
ɲֹСкܶأҶһЦСı£ˡ
ֻҪȫˣҶͷǿʯͷˣҶһҲû˺֮ǣ
ͫǧ̡磬ȥ峤һȦûлᡣ˵꣬ҶһӰαװֱ峤ۡصס
Ҷϵʱ򣬴Ϳ丸㱨ŵ顣
ףǸҶ棬ʵЩŹ֣򲻿СͿߵĽ顣
峤ͿûлشӵĻת°ĳ˳ľųϺȴʧˣ峤ĽַϵҲûκλӦ
ңŮĿǰһûоȻ֪ʲô𣿡
˵ϿѾǸҶĸͿһľⲻܰɣǸҶ棬۷尡
֮ǰ˵һľң֪ûĵƣ
⡭
סԶҪСĶ֣͸Ķ֣͸߹ĴӸ߹ܴʤ㡣Ϳӡ
ӡܽˡ
ԣͿ˵ͷȻʧˣôҲСĵ㣬Щ죬֮ǰһ˵λʥֳ㡣
ȻҡͿ߱׵ˣһ֮ǰĽ̻壬ҲȻˡ
ǺͫǱߣ
ΪѾǹˣԿҪıһˡ


1952 ȱ
Ҷλ峤Ϳĸȼ仰ͽҶ뷨ȫҶֻܿŴͿ߸ɵۡ
ǴͿһˣҶ֪ͿߵĿܣԴͿķԸ֮Ϳ߾һֱλǿߣҶû취ˡ
˵λһλҶ涼û취֪´Ϳߡ
һҶľٶ֣Ǿûʲôˡ
ͿĸۡתһʱûʲôʱҶҲͻתˡ
ҶȴǺ١
ֶ׼ˡ
ҶģȽǿ
תСԺ֮ͫ˼ֵֿܳӦ֮һ˵ҲϢˡ
Ϊע⵽͡ӶǸӾҶҲô͡תռڡ
Ҷ濴ͿĽ֮ڣҶûֵĻˡ
һҹ޻ͫ緹򵥣ɿڣ㡣
û취ǺڣѹС
Ȼٲռڳһݡ
緹ûг꣬ʹ䵽Ժ⡣
峤ͫӭȥʱһȻ
ʱ峤Ϳ϶ЦݣէһۿȥȻżִζģҶĶģ
α
˵ѾһˣأôͿ죬ͫӭ;ֱƿԺ˽
ƤѾȥˡ̲ͫĻһ䡣
ǣƤߣ˵
ԹԵ£峤ͿҶ桢顢ǧ̡ü˵˵ͷǴк
λϷͫеҪ̸λرһ¡
ǶǸͫһ𵸹ɽ𺣵ֵܣرʲôȿڣˡ
ϷͫҪ̸ģľ֮£ȥˣ̬̫Ӱ죬֪̫࣬ɱ֮Ϳ³룬УȴһĪĺ⡣
ӲҲ޷ǧ̣üȻرһ¡Ҷ浭
ã
ģͿȻҶ˴ĴָȮԣͫһеĴ磬һȻ鴫
ʵ£Ϸͫ˵ˣͫҲǣһҲ޷
ȣͫϷһǸ⡣ͿȻȻźͫҾȥ
Ҷ鼫֮࣬ͫҲЩæҵҪܿһ
ͿεΪӲúͫһ
һϷΪͫһ񣡲ͫϷʵڸУֻǱܶͿһĻ
һɲǣҶ桢ͫ龡Ȼ
ҹҶ顢ͫܶܣΨûгΡ
ͿȻᵱڸУҶһֱǣűߵĸо
ңӽŵڣͿƺһֱ
ҶҹͿԣҪıԡ
ͿıĲ
峤ͫȻ峤ɡҵǣͫҲǻٳûеͿĿͿĽߡ
ͫͲ֪ԭ𣿡
Ϳһ仰ͽ̸ִĽࡣ
Ϸ֮ͫܶΪϷ֪ôͫ£֮ԾҶǰͫʵΪһʱӦͫ¡
ҵǣһҹ˼ϷѾĲˡ
ҶһƣͿ˵ԻȫûǲĻᣬֻš
أͫӦ֪ɣͿʵ
Ȼ֪ͫ˵ͷ
ͫɷ֪ͿɽеأʵǲȱģֻеصһС֡
νסָʲôأڶෲӽΪǺԼסĶѨ
ʵϣ𡯣ָǺѪԴ갲Ϣ֮ء
ֻǳսǺͿɽһأҲòȱ
Ҳ޷Ǻȥ֮꣬޷ǺѪΪǺӻ
ѾʶĴ˰ɣܲǰɣٳȱȥػò˶ãͻȫ
ʱǺ彫᳹ʧȥصıӻٴ֮Σ
ͿϺܶ࣬⵱м漸ּپ˵ˡ
Ϳô˵ǺͫҶ棬Щ峤ͿĴˡ
Ϳô˼ƺǺͫһıӻأ
ͫѵԸĿڲõĽʧȥصıӻ𣿡Ϳһı⡣
峤ˡֱͫԣͫڣֻչ˸󣬳֮⣬κ롣ͫǺܴģһֱ˳Ϳ˼½ӡ
ʲôϺ꣬ҶٴμʶһΡ
֪ͫܰĳ壬ͿԸ𣿡
Ϸ㣬ǵģ
壬ڣȴȻҺѪβѪȻԻ
պһʧȥصıӻǺӱٵĽһ٣ǾͬѪݽ֮ʱ
ʱҴĺѪڵѪʱпݽߣʧȥΪ³ĺѪԽԽʧȥԣΪëѪ
Ȼ嵽ϣǾڵĺѪٵήȻѪ£õĽҲǰ̱Ϊȫʧ
ĽܲסѪͿ˵
һͫʱͱŵĻʧɫ
¹سʱúͫʧȥ֮ǰĻæʵô峤ôòȱػָ
ȻһضʧһءͿԵУһĨ΢ɲЦ
һʼͽ뽣ͨ״̬ϸͿһһҶ棬üͷȴ
ôͿ⻰УЩʵ˵Ǿ֮
˾ҪǣϣȻúͫԼԸ֡
ң£Բð죬ͿƺѾ͸˺ͫΪ˳ͫǿһеġ
ͫң侲ͿƣˣһʼͿ㣬ԣĻ㲻ȫţҪŴӦ˵ꡣ
Ҷ괫úͫ侲˼֣ͿͫҶ档
Ȼʱ䣬˵׼ҲǼʮҲǰ꣬Ҳ꣬Ҳһǧ꣬ʱ򣬳Ѿ
ͫ㲻ԸæϷҲǿ󡣡Ϳٴ˵
ҶףͿܹˡ
֪峤Ҫôæ£ʣǺͫΨһѡȻͿ˵ޣ£պиǧԪûġ
úͫĬȻʣϾ¹سҲܡ
ҲѣҪıԴѪʩչһطͿ˵ĺֱӡ
Ϊʲôң˲𣿡ͫЩ⡣
漰ѪͿɽһ˵ˣͿԵ


1953 Ƿٰ
ͿɽԣʮǰԪ֮䣬һǣսǺ޷Ĩȥ˺ۡ
Ǻ֮УѪͿɽΪǺ֮еߡ
Ϳɽ֮УԾβΪ
βӵк֮ԴѪǺ֮ͻƵҲܳΪ컯ں壬ҲǺıӻߡ
ǣʮǰԪ֮УΨһһλӵоβѪͿɽ蹡Ҳǵıӻڴս䡣
󣬺ʥͿɽ⵽Եƻ˷治˵ĸҲ֧顣
Сĳϣ»ԣʹѰҵĲȱضֱԪδսͶһ£ıߡ
˺պչѫ֮峤ϲ½ص飬ڵͿɽ
ѾԭͿɽˣֻ÷ģ³Ϳɽʽ
ҵǣλϵŬ£ͿɽǽˣͿɽԴѪͿɽȴʧˡ
ǳ䣬мͿɽƽͿɽϵѪ޴档
λؽصĳϣһѰͿɽϵѪͿɽϵ֧ҵ˼ѪѻӣβѪ΢΢
ΪʲôҪѰͿɽϵѪԭҲܼ򵥣ΪҪһر鶪ʧһأͱӵоβѪͿɽϣطӦص䡣
ңҵˣҲͿɽϾβıԴѪ߶طܽʧƬһ
ĿǰΪֹͫڣΨһһλӵоβѪĺ壬ѾԻβ
ͿĻ˵ѾʮԻβľβѪˡ
ǣҲͿɽպͫЩѽ⡣
ʲôҪҪǣпһصľβѪͿˡ
ңģΪͣδԻββпܡͿ˵
峤㲻˵βѪѾҡͫһɻ
˵Ѫһ¼临ӣ£ĳЩһͻһѪ֡
ֻ˵ĳ֣ҺĴң
˵Ϳ̾һʱϷԻβ;ϲ
һȽС벻㣬ΪЩͣϷһֱûš
ȳһ㣬ٸ̸£û뵽㾹ȻҪ뿪Բᡣ
峤¹ء
㲻˵ϷףͿõֹ˺ͫڣϷҲǿѣҲżʱ㿼ǡ
˵һ䵽ͿͿһۣļ̸ͫ
ҶҲû⣬Ϊһ̸֮ʱյѶ̫ˡ
ƬɢطѰѾ˴ϵüĿ⼸죬һµķ֡
֮Ϸͻ뿪һЩӣȥ̽Ǵص㣬ΣҵʵѪ֮ǰǱҪƬɢ·ΧҳС
뿪֮ǰϷȴм仰һҪͫ㽲˵ţͿվһ֣ء
صʱ䣬˵ϷϣΪ˳ΪҺˣͫؿ¡
⣬һصĹУܻһΣգϷԷ¶ģѰƬĹУʲôΣգֻϷˣп˵ͫͬ󡭡
ͿɽͻȻһȻһ䣬Ȼźͫ
һ£Ҷ滹ǺͫһҺͫӦ죬æǰס峤ʲôͫΣܲһݰ
ܵ𣡡
ܵ𣡡
һϵҺδϣҺΪ¶ëѪ˵һݣһǧһݶ𡣡˵ţͿٴ¹
ͫǲʹ̵ľ赲Ϳ
һϢ֮ͿȻȻһ̾ҲգһݣͫԸ⣬ϷҲͲǿˣأӰͫľ
ҺܹһζˣôҺ飬ˣǷٰͫݣ
ðɣϷ뿪ȥȷһƬˣͫǡ
˵꣬Ϳĺͫļת뿪˺ͫСԺ
Ҫ̤ԺŵʱͿͻȻתźͫͫϷ֮ʱϷϣѾ˾ǣͫʲôľǲԸ⣬Ϸ򡭡಻㣡
Ҷ桢΢΢һ֣Ϳͻһֱʣ˲ϢʧԶ
Ҷ۵Ĺơ
óصĺͫһۿȥƺһ̺ͫϣѹһĴɽһ


1954 ĶƤ
뿪ͿҶѾˣ
֮ǰͿ̹ʵͿɽû뿪ʱҶ;ģͿֱǶɵϺꡣ
˿̣Ҷģǵ͹Ϳ
Ϳ˵ĻҶ滹Ǻֻͫ飬Ϳ˵ĶУ϶һˮݣһȫġ
ǣͿȴĸ͸ˡ
ץġ
ĸԺӵ۰޷ݵģĸףЩڶԺӰȫϵıûκǵġ
Ϳץסһ㣬ȻɹںͫıϼһĴɽ
ҶףΪһĸףǾԲԸ⿴Լĺκز۵Ŀܡ
֪գһ֪ˣͻὫδΣգĸɸɾ
ҶʱǣĵҲ£ҲһֽδΣգ˵ĳ嶯
ͿĿ֮εץסĵ㡣
ĻصԺڣЩƣãͫЦſڡ
Ѿ˾Ҷ磬磬ǲҪȰҡ֪Ȱҵɺ뷨ϣû취ҲȥģҲȥġ
ˣûΰеΪǣΪ˳δԸȥһСͫһ˵ľʲôͺˡ
ǣͫҪףͿ˵£Ҳмأ鲻
ǣҲҶģǶˣҲûκĻᡣ
Ŀ⿴Ҷ棬˼ҶȰȰ
ҶȴûпȰͫ£ͫȲǣ
ңҲƫͿһ֮ǣйزȱ£һҪ෽֤֤֮
⣬ǵĵ֮Ҫ뿪뷨ȳ˵Ҷ˵
ˣҷΪʲôû峤뿪أϵӦûüͫ˵
á
⼸죬һҪһ²ȱ£⣬Ҫ뿪ĻǱҪһ뿪
˾Ҫ壬ҲܱǱ뿪úõȻѡһʵʱ䣬ǣԭ
ұزϧѪս
⼸仰Ҷ˵նûκεأͫ˵ʲôգ˳ӵĵ˵ͷΪףҶľҲΪӸǣҲȷģ
ʮǰԪδ֪֪زȱһ𣿡Ҷһʱѯ˰󣬱Ͼڵʱ䣬˵Ѿˡ
ʮǰԪδ䣬ǲ֪ģǣͷ½룬ȴʮǰģңҲʮǰģУһֱĺ⡣

ҶЩ⣬ʦ½鱻ľʱ䣬Ҷһֱ̫
ôһ˵ֵ˼ˡ
ûԪδ䣬ʦ½ҲʮǰģǾ˵ԪδǷʦ½֮顣
ʦ½䣬鱻׷űΧˣκһǵľ¼
Ȼ䣬Ҷ룬Ԫδ䣬᲻ʦ½йϵأ
ȷʵڣǺĸʥأɵľβͿɽִơ
˵ϸֹ֮ɫ˵ͷӻЩϵ
ʲôϵҶȻ
ͷӵִصľβͿɽһȡ
һȣ
Ҷ汻ϢĿɿڴȻϹϵ󣬾˽𣿻أ֪٣
Ԫ鰢÷߷߲ƽͷ̫ˣÿͿɽĻᣬͻȰҸСݣҿӡ
صúãصԡҶ˼һ£Ժǡ㶮ģ

جģԪ鰢󾪣˵ҶүģİУҵɱţѾû˵Կӵȫõĵġ
ĲŹ֣ҶһĲΣƷУûֵһ㣬˵˵ɣ㻹˽٣
ûˡ˵˱Сݡһơ
ûջҶת飬Ϊָ˲ټ䣬ڵʱ䣬ҲǷǳġ
飬֪ʮǰԪ֮𣿻ص𣿡Ҷʵ
֪ϹʱڣÿĶ³иԪνڣȴ֪Ԫ֮䡣
ϡǵã˳˯֮ǰһԪνڣƺֻвʮˡأֻ֪Ǻأλ͸ò࣬ɺǿĴھβͿɽִơ
ҶһεƲƲ졣
ãһԪδ֮ǰļһ
˵˯ǰһ꣬ǡԪδ䷢һ꣬˵Ԫδ䣬һ¼յش䡣
ѯ·вͨˣҶٴ˼е
ȣͿ˵βͿɽѪˣȴ˵ͫǣпһѪѡ
Ҷ濴ģȴǺͫĳأ½
½ʷֻصԪδ֮ǰһһطȱȴֿ硣
½һԡ顢ͷ̫֣ƺʥѪҲǼΪ½ֵ˵ˡ
Ҷ²⣬½᲻뵱Ԫδйϵأ
ΣͿ뿪Ǿ仰ۺͫʲôѡֺͫ
Ҷģ̫αˡ
Ȼ˵ΪʲôҪͫҶһˣûгĴ
ңͿľȻǲµġ
ΨһĿܣͿѡԵĿĵ¡
ҲΪһ㣬ҶλΪδĵĴ峤Ϳֻ̬ȡ
ڵǣ˵ͫأ
ʱҶľ˼ţͻȻ䣬ſڴĳ˳תеҶ档

Ϳߣ㣬ͱʥ̸Ҫʥ̸ϵ
УǺĳǩ˻飬Ƹ񣬾͵üˣĪɣǺ뷴ڣ浱Ǻƭģ
װŭҶʱǡþͿͿ߱һȰİȵķɽĺôͿߵؿԵһ£Ѫɫ˲ʾ
ͬһĶǰ̹¶ؿڣؿڳ˺ɫëĴ󺺣ȭ߬ĽģƤȴڲͣĴ
Ϳ߿ǽ۷ĴڣȻǰ⼸׳еһһƸȷɡ
ƽҲ飬ǰ׳ǰȻеǺӡ
һССҲҵҵ·ȵһĿ޺һȭ顣
ǿѹһȭͷһɽ
ӦǼʮĴɽ
ȭ֮УʮϵĴɽ
ʱǾԲõģ˶ĶƤһͦӭȥ
ԭһСɱУƤֱӲӹȻƹͿȡʤ
ǣһȭ˶ĶƤϣĶƤɿĹɫ˲Ϣޱȵѿ
˵ǳƹĸǬ츳ͨһУҲѣֱһֿ챻ű˵ĸо
˵ǹʱָͷˡ
Ƥе˼󺺴ЦӺ䱬Ƥ


1955 ҵݣ
ݣ
Сȭͷżƿݺݵǹ˶Ƥ
ͫףҲһɲ˼¡
츳ͨȫϣǶӱˣ츳ͨҲͳ׷ˡ
ƫƫҪǣΪ츳ͨһɵ̫Ӵ󣬶Էǵǿߣ飬۷ѡ
࣬ɲһĴ
ЦУΪʱ̶ֱը쳹
һɫ׹⣬һֱϵǹһ㣬󺺵ȭͷĶƤ֮ǰݺݵСȭͷϱߡ
׵׹ɲǣҶѾǰһᣬͽһѸᵽ˺ߡ
󺺣ķһƺߣȭһ͹һ㣬ýޱȡ
ףĿǣοں޷֮¡
Ҳ屾ƤҪȻһǣܹ󺺵һֻ֡
û°ɣҶͷ顣
ҲɲǼĹѾعԻˣѾûˡ
ҪΪ̫ͣصΪӲӵһȭˣѾ԰ˡ
ɱոձҶ˵ӣѾѪɫĵҶ棬ǿﴭŴʼۣλļ⣬ʼɿͣգ۵ĹִһȦ
磬Ǻͫ˺󡣡
ʲôˣںͿɽ£Ҷ˫΢΢֮䣬ֲľףҶָƼ·һ˸ζǰһݲ˵ߵļλҲȻ
һλԽޱ˳ˣֵǿء
ݣ¡֮ǰԳƴʥܬAĿֿˣĿֱҶɲǣɽѹϮҶ棬Ǻʲôˣ
ʲôʲô飿Ҷ֮ǰһ԰ȻûףѾһֲõԤС
ȻӭȢ
ܬAгĲʻ鶶һٹޱȵĻͳҶǰ
ǺľųϣͫҼҲΪޣǰѾҼ˵Ƹҵȷ֮ǰӭȢͫ
ʶģ͸Ͻǲʶ࣡
ʥܬAŻЦ£޽ɣӭ֮գѪҲʲô˵顣
Ҷһ£ųϺΪʲô峤Ϳһġ
ΪųϺѾĲһ
ΪǱвɽųϺŸֱ°ȥƺͫͷ
һˣҶͻ亹
ǳ컹ھųϺУôӭ״ʥܬAһͫùԹԵĴϼ£Ӧͷ
һ龰Ҷͷ亹ֱð
̫ˣ
Ҷֻ޺̫ף̫ˡ
϶̫ˣͫĹ¶ĸҲɷŹңȻѾı˺ܾˡ
ͻأģҶЦЦ̶ޱȣֱ񷣡
ʥܬAüʱҶЦ쳹ʲôͫ޾ܼ޵ģ
λʥˣųϺҼ֮ͫеĺͫǺ֮һλͬͬߣǾųϺҵСҲδ֪
λŻȥҾųϺĺáҶһ˵
ʥܬAŵĴʥ˳ƾʥȻ˵ǻȻУνϾ顣
⼸ǧ֮£ѧˡ
ҶĻ֧һ壬ǾʥܬAǾԲϵġ
ˣҾųأҷѶҲأǵôãô£ܬAǿ˷űĴͿߡ
Ϳһ£Щ͵ҲϵһһŮＸλѪױ°ߣֻȥѰңʱûϢ
죿׵Ѫױ°ߣûϢ
ʥܬAʶʲôǽӵ֪ͨٶȸ˹û뵽ȴȳ¡
ܺ£ǵĿģȴǲ䡣
㻹Ͻȥҡ˵꣬ʥܬA黺һգСӣҲǺͫʲôˣϽҹǽӭȢģǰͫˡ
ͫȻǲδˣҲҲӣʮϢ֮ڣٻ赲ʥĲ£˵ɱˣɱ񡭡ܬAǲ뽫֮ͫĹϵֵ̫ͨ
ͫһ˵ʲôȴҶĿע£ûпڡ
ͫԶҶ˼˼ֻ֡ң
δˣ
ҶǸһ˿ЦˣλʥŻ֪ҵݰɣ
ݣ
ʲôˣĿЩأҪҶֳʵǳĲ
һصߣףԵߣȻû˿źѹɲء
ɱһЩ
ðɣ֣ؽһ£Ҷ档һ֣Ҷʾͫ
ͫ˳ӵĹھĲ£Ҷ浱ӵ뻳УһĽߡ
֮⣬ҶĳҪӭȢĺͫɷҲ˵Ĺ¶ĸй¶ĳĵ
˵ÿ𣿡
Ҷ治˲Ϣķ㾲ͿҲͣζû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼǳĵ
ģȴǺͫҶĻδ˵꣬ˮѾӯ


1956 شų
ͫ˿̵飬޷ݡ
ͫûҶһ쵱ڳӡ
ǣȴһֱûʧ
Ҷ֣ص֮ЩΪһܵίЩЩڱָָ㣬ЩܵŮ˵İۺ衣
һίһɲɢ
һеһУ˽һĻֵõġ
ϲõˮ̲ס£Ǻͫ˿ȴЦ绨
ӵסҶ棬ͫż⣬صȥˮմҶգͷ·̶ĳһҶıסͫҵӵ
һǣöۣ
һĿɿڴ
磬ҪԿһЩҶͫһڳʱӵǣķǳĺ
ڴΧ߶ԣһĻǵģֻŨĻİ⡣
ɶԾʥܬAΪ׵Ĳӭ׶ԣһĻˣ
ӭȢͫķģûӭȢأðһɷ˵ڳȥǵĲûȢͫأͷȷˡ
ΣǾܬAҲ֪ô죬ֱǿĻ˺ͫͲˡ
֮ǰ˿ǿ⽻ΣҲҪͫӭȢúַʽԣǣԲ˵ͫ
ܬA֪ԭ򣬵ף볹׵ִв˵
߾
һԹŮò֪߳ܣ컯֮£סڣžʥܬA͵һţͿɽ·ضɽҡһĻζһ£ŽеҶͫѡ
ŷĺͫʱ˷ɵĸͭһ۾ʱ߲֣һΣӰľʱͽյĺͨ͸
ã
Ҷֵܣİʮ꣡ŬȰİƣĵɽ졣
ޣŮʥҳ˵²Ǽʶˡ
Ҷǹء
ܬA۾һɣʱŭȵС
űҶ˵ĵܿһǰʥȡСӵԴ
ĿһƫʥܬAЦͫĿǰɷΣ
ɱ㣬ǹѸܹӭȢ
ݣɱ߳һʥܬA
ܿݶ֣ͫȴǼˡ
Ҷʵ˽ˣ֮ǰҶȷʵɵ˾ųϺǣҶԵģһ
ӭ׶飬ϰˣϰ֮Уа˸ܬAһŴʥ;ԲҶһܹӦ˵ġ
ͫҲǼģת֮£˴峤Ϳ
峤ͿȻ˵Ҫôһӻ
峤ͿԣҪԣֻҪŴ峤Ϳȣ峤Ϳһġ
ͫԼٶȣϵ峤Ϳ
ѶתգȴκηȻѶϵͿ
ͫĿ⿴˴Ϳߣӣϵ峤ˣ峤֮ǰ˵ǾԲҳµġ
ҵŰȥˣҲϵϰҪȻҾͲᰤˡգͿһίơ
ͫæˣģĴڣûд峤ʹӵɣⲻӭ׶飬ܽͿɽ𣿡
Ϳ峤ǡڴʱʧˣɺϣ̫ˡҶЦ
ͿһˣæҺһ򽻺ãʹˣֻܷŽҲû뵽Ϳ߿Ŀɫĺͫæ
ͫң
źͫصĵ˵ͷҶ滺ĿһҶվ˭СԺһ̤Ҷĳʬȥ
ף
֮ǰ˿ܿݣѾͣһؿڣŭţһԾ˫ȭɽӰҶ浱ͷ
˭һأ
Ҷһߣһ̤ڶضһɫĵشŹ⻪һɢ˷
ش
ܿݴʱҶľ룬ʮ׶ѡ
ҶڽشԼ֮ͨ׷Χ֮ڣСèٶȶҪһ
Сèٶȣ൱ڵǿߵٶȡ
ǰܿݣΪǿڣͱصԭٶȻһĽߡ
£شãٴαεķŴ˲Ϣ䣬ܿݵٶȱʮࡣ
ոԾܿݣشĿֲ£ȻӲĳ˵棬̤ɽȻ𶯡
׹ѾϢĸҶͷ⻪һһһ׾йһ㽽ܿݵͷ
˲Ϣ䣬ܿƣ
ʥܬA⡣
ƣǷ
ͬĶֻ֣Ҫ˫վڴϣѾڲ֮ˡ
ҶľȻˣܿ׼֮£Ǻ䲻ܿݵķġ
ҶеǺ鱦ϾҶΪֻ۷壬Ϊ̫ˣȫ޷ӳ鱦
սöʱȰɱˡ
ΨһǣҶһбɱļһȻܹܿȰϼС
ǣҲͽֹڴˡ
ںޱȵս׵ı£ܿݾһصĴɽ׹⣬󲽵ĳҶ棬ÿһǵضɽҡ
⻪ӵص𣬲ϵĻ벹䵽׹·ڵս֮С
ĵֲͿֲֻҪվڴϣ޾Ժκһ֡
Ҷǣ˿ȴһ˿Ц
һһƱͷ˿ҪϸԸϢĻ뵽׹֮С
һɲǣһмŽâľףݺݵĺܿݵͷ
ԸãҶѾɳɹѧᡣ
ǿֻͨһ֡
뿪ɳ֮ǰ˾ɹҲѹҶ档
Ըһֿõ컯ǿ߷
ԵУǣʹõʱǰʹõʱһҪСģõԽСԽãþУԲܶࡣ
ǹ࣬ǲܶһ˿
˵Ҷ汩¶ӵдԸܣǱ¶һСԸͻʱ
ΪԸеһֲޱȵ컯ڡ
ԸǴ컯ǿߵĳɵ֮컯ĸԴ
̶ȣԱɳĮпˣͻȻ俴һˮַ
ϴնɱʱԳһĿռڣҶԺ޹˼ɵʹãʱʹãȴСģֻͷ˿ϸһơ
ǣҲ㹻ˣ
׵ģЦųΪϾܹɱҶܿݣͷȻһʹޱȵսףȻͱһͻȻ˴ľ׸˺
׹й沿ޱȵͬʱǺĵ⣬²
ܿݻǾʥܬAû⡣
ˣԣʲô
һ޷ݵдɫشӵصÿһһһ㣬ݺݵĲܿݵڡ
ʮε÷ľ룬·ʮɫһݺݵ˱ԲѵܿݵԴ
Ҳڴʱʥʶԡ
ףٲ֣ܿŪΣգǰͻأֵĵľֱޱȵΣգ
ס֣
һ̤ʥܿݡ
ҶǣȴǷһ˿Цˣ
͵һţһȦŨޱȵɫ⻪ٴɢ˲Ϣþʥ壬ǧٶȱޱȡ
Ҷһȫ߶ش
ͬһɲǣСΪһʮ÷Ԫ룬ֱӾܿݵ֮Ԫ֮ϡ
̹˲شСͨ


1957 ʥ֮ŭ
ܿ޷Ըڵĸо
һ޷ݵķĵ׵ľ㤸С
ԳָֹоָÿһΣ
ǳָоɲǣܿһ߶Ԫ֮ԱҲڴʱոմԪʮɫľ룬⻪š
޷ݵľʹӿɲǣܿݾͳʧȥʶ
ʥܬAܿݵģޱȼеġ
Ƕһ壬ÿһޱĶս
ھʥܬAԣܿݸµĵɽԣӾܿݵɲǣʥܬAóȫ
Ҷĵش˲ϢþʥܬAٶȽпƵĹ١
Ȼܿݵľ벻ʮףĿǰٶȣϢʱ䣬ͿԵִ
ǣʥܬAȴף£Ϣʱ䣬㹻Ҷɱܿʮˡ
ǾʥܬAԲԸ⿴Σ
𣡡
Юޱ߷ŭ뼱еć_شӾʥܬAĿ쳹
ȰȰȵıڶܬAͣ˲Ϣ䱩һ࣬ÿһ鼡ⶼһСɽһӵصӿΧƾһΧܬA
ܬA˲Ϣ䱩ʮ࣬޴ʱ͵Ҷĵشһ֣ٶʱһࡣ
ǣܬAȴûϼ٣һ̤
֮ؾȣ
Ҷµĵ棬ͻȻǾһ㣬̣͹ɲϵ̣Ҷɸӡ
Ҷıһмߡ
Ľͨ״̬£ڽµĴرܬA̽ɲǣҶѾӦˡ
͵ڿնܬAһУʱ˸ա
ʥܬAĹ֮ؾȣɲ˼򵥡
ԾʥܬAΪ֪ܲǸľڵصס
ԣһ̤ɲǣޱۻļѹ֮һ޴޷ֵڵʯһӵصһ䡣
𵴣˲ϢϯصףԲʮ֮ھѷ죬˲Ϣ
ͬģСڵص׵壬Ҳۻ֮˲Ϣ˷顣
ǣʥҲ벻Сı壬ǴҶڵľ鹬֮С
ȷʵСֻСʧһѡ
ңҶǿԪ֧ţСɿԿܿݱڵ
Ψһ鷳ģǴСܿڵСϵ
ҲһɲǣԪ鱻Сʮ÷Ԫܿݣȴ˶͵ҡһ£͵
ԭʢޱȵϢһɲǼʧһɶ
ʥܬA۾˲Ϣ͵˸Բ
ڷţΪܾܿݣû뵽Ǳɱˣһ˹˸ɴࡣ
ܬAѾӦܿݵԪϢˡ
ֻ˵һܿѾɢˡ
ɱҵˣŭľʥܬAŭһɲǣܬAĶڵѪ
һ
һĹĵɱˣǻɢ֡
ôֻɱңɱǺε
ҶЦ䣬ȴڿһ⡣
Сڵ屻٣òܿڵĴʮ÷Ԫ뱾жϵ
Ķ˵ʮ÷Ԫ룬ҶƣСѾСΪһ塣
СֱԪ߲õطĹؼʮϹƵʮԪϱߡ
ϹҶﻹУҲٴͬʮ÷Ԫ룬ûͬܣ˵ˡ
ԣҪջء
ص·Ѿ߲ͨˡ
ݣ
Ҷָⶸصһɫ˿Уĵܿݵʬ塣
ֻҪɫ˿нӴܿݵʬ壬ҶܹջСһַ
һĻʥܬAȴŭˡ
˶ɱˣ㻹ʬ
ŭһһ׷ԲĴһӣޱȵɵǹǵصĺҶ档
ŭ֮£ʥܬAѾܲˡ
ǵصĹҶһʱ뵽ǺͫİΣ
ˣ
飬͵һ죬˺ͫǰͫǼȥ
ʥܬAǵڵĴڣǵսޱǿĴڣĴڣҶĿǰûǸӲӡ
һҶֱʩչݣ޴ڵ֮С
ʱʥܬA䣬˸ա
͵ǹͺͿɽر
¡¡
ɽҡ֮УƬƬ̳·Ģһ죬Ϳɽǵһ㣬ҵĻζ
һ̳Զовҽ
ȴһΪʥܬAһ˷档
һԵĴͿߵ˲ͱˡ
ǹɵģ
Ҳһɲǣɫ˿й⻪شܿݵԭoʮ÷Ԫ룬ҵ˹ҵ·һ㣬˲Ϣͻһ̹⣬ɫ˿С
ʥܬAεȵΪĿ磬˳ɫ˿лعķһȭ
˶ȭͷ·һɽһ㣬̹˸֮ȥ
޾ܣط֮ĴɽеҶ棬ޱȵء
ݣ
֮
֮еɫ⻪Ҷζֵ֣ɲǣҶξͻӰ
飡
˶ޱȵƴɽ͵£˲ϢӰֱء
Ҳһɲǣ̹Ҷ棬ڶطޱȵı仯


1958 Ҷ汾ڵĹ仯
С֮ǰϾǧʮ÷Ԫ룬Ҷͳһɫ˿дܿݵʬʱ˲Ϣ䵹ء
̹˳ҶľٵĻתλҶľ鹬ڵС塣
ڻתĹУһޱȡҶԪ鶼Ϊ֮¶شӻתɫ⻪ɢݵҶڡ
ޱȡҶԪΪ֮¶Ҷ沢İ
ǴǰСѵ߲ͨط֮
һΣС˺ųϺһط֮ɹͻƵ˵
һΣܿݵ򣬾Ԫ鱻СԪʮ÷Ԫ뷢ͨġ
֮Ҳ˵Сɵܿݿİٷ֮ط֮
ܿϵط֮ҪȴӺɵط֮ٵö࣬˵Ҳˡ
ЩҪҪǣ£Щܿɵط֮ӦûתСڡ
תĹУΪܬAĹж뱾ϵ󣬸ĴҶľת塣
Ҷû뵽ǣУԭӦûתСڵط֮ȴɢ䵽Ҷڡ
һϢ
ڴ֮ǰҶͿǹ⣬Ҫط֮ΣνСط֮ת͸Լأ
û뵽ʽȻ˵ļ򵥡
µˣҶ滹ûͻƵδ߶洢ط֮أ
ֵ˹ؼʱ̣ʥܬA׷ɱݣҶѹûʱ˼⡣
ԣҶɢ䵽ڵط֮ȡ֮֮״̬
ȥ
ҶʥܬAĳͻ֮ǰҶûʱ䴦ġ
ǣı仯Ҳʱˡ
ҶΪ۷壬ΪպڿӵһԳһǿ磬Ҷ˷ǳСƬͻƵĽ֮
СƬҪʱ䣬ҶԪ֮ǿҲҪʱ䣬¼ʱռãҶĿǰҪһʱ䣬ͻơ
ԣҶڵСƬδȫڵ״̬
ڴ˿̣ûȫһʯͷһСƬͻȻʼȷ̷⡣
Ҷ֮Уһһ㣬ôĿ
ԭҶ澭ڵط֮ʱŵζĲӬһ㣬ͻȻҶ֮еСƬйȥ
仯ҶĿɿڴ
ҶϸǾʥʱڿŭͷϣͣ׷ɱҶ棬ԾʥĴڣҶɲ˿
ֻɨһۣҶҲҹСƬı仯ȫӦʥ
˵ô࣬ʵЩ仯ҶԣֻһɲǶѡ
״̬ǾʥܬAղŽ̹ⷢҶĲ֮أһƻɱҶ桢ȴҶԷӱܿʱΡ
ʥŭ֮µһƣǺεȵܣڻҶٶȹµĲӰ֮СɽӰٴͺͿɽϡ
ͿɽǱɽһ¡¡ҵ£ٴεͬʱеأҲ⡣
ǲȱܵӰ죬ػĻ
һĻҶǶظһ˿Ц
Ҷһֱзȥģشڳ⼸Ϣ֮ȻʧЧ
оһᣬٶȻָƵľʥܬAٴηŭһСɵ˸ɫ⻪鴸ֵɲǣӭͳ
ʱһ׳ͷ͸Сɽһľ޴سھʥܬAУɢľĺ鱦Ϣ
Ծʥݣӵһǿĺ鱦Ⲣ֡
ʥȻ鱦ǾʹҪɱҶľġ
ܱˣһ顢ͫǧ̡ü飬ýޱȡ
Ҷ۷ΪڵľʥҶٲǾһ֮֡
ʥȻ˺鱦͸ֲˡ
Ҫ֪ͬһ鱦к͵Уӳֱ֮
ǣҶˣʱûһɫ
û鱦ľʥܬAա
λĳϣһʥͿɽ׻ˣɲҶĳ£
ҶĻոأĺҶʩչӵƿͬʱ
ʥǱ鱦ľ޴ٴκӰֱͿɽ
ս˫ֻҪڴϣͼڲ֮أǣٶȴǵȱ㡣
ҲԭȻ̫еӵ۵壬ʵ۵ȴ֮п
ǣƻ˵壬ӵй̶̵壬ȴӵзǳ˵
֮γһֵΣ֮Уʵ󣬵̫壬Щ̫ؼϣԸ塣
ԭܼ򵥣ǣһɱǣȴԽǵػٸһͿǳᡣ
ͬһɲǣҶĺļλ̫ϳϣɫ͵ؾ䣬ʥĹٴ߿յʱһˡ
ʥĹֻ࣬Ҫ£Ϳɽͻ췭ظ˵ͨɷ棬ؿҲٴܵʧ
Ժλ̫ϳϵľȻӦô
һɲǣλ̫ϳ϶شնݳ⻪ԴзɳǿŹͿɽĺ鱦ľ޴
̫ͿǷ˾ʥܬAʥס֡
λ̫ϳϵ赲ֲһͣҵͿɽٴ
Сӵӵ棬ɱܬAǲ׷ôҼ
ÿʥܬAһŭ𣬺鱦ľ޴ٴⱬ
ʥס֣
⻪һλ̫ϳϣȫеһ𣬽ʥΧͷޱѹֵط֮˲ϢǵصĲ
ʥͿɽҺأǴʥҪҺͿɽǼϲģ˵þҪʥƴˡ̫ϴϵȵޱȵļ
ʥܬAһҲϳɾˣʱͷӦˡ
ҶС̫黬ˣټȥǽԼĶϡ
Ȼº壬ǣڵĺ壬Ҳǿġ
оʦԣ̫ǿӰȴޱȵľˡ
οܬAʱںͿɽ֮УǿҲǺλ̫ϳϵĶ֡
λϷģзִ磬ֻСӣҲ˵ͿɽʥܬA֤
λ̫ϳͬʱһİۣļһֵ»зִ磿
вŹ֣
ңʥܬAֵзִ磬ĶҶ棬ɲʡ͵ĵƣŵĻǻˮ֮ߡ
λ̫ϳΧסʥܬAš
ʥܬAˣȻǲԸⱾʥ֣λɱ˵Ǹ쵰ñʥ䣬¾꣡ܬAŭȵ


1959 
ʥܬAˣȻǲԸⱾʥ֣λɱ˵Ǹ쵰ñʥ䣬¾꣡
ʥܬAҪĿǰĳ̶ֳ϶ԣҲϾҶɱһλĵ
һ˲䣬еĿⶼҶ桢ͫλ̫ϳϡ
ڿţλ̫ϳϻ᲻ץȻҶ潻ľʥأ
Ҳڴʱ顢ͫϴ̡СèͬʱһվҶķ
˼ײǺλ̫ϳҪ׽Ҷ棬ǽҶһ𹲽ˡ
üСèվ˹ȥüһԥվСèһ࣬ͫԱߣ̬ȣײ
ǣλ̫ϳϣͫĿⱾɫʱ⼸˱ɫ
ûкͫԭ£һλĵͿɽڣӺ֣
ǣͫͬ
峤Ϳɽ뿪ʱ⽻һҪضԴֺͫͫԺĹкͺøС
Ͼ¹Ǽ£λ̫ϣŵġ
˵֮ǰҶֻǺͫͨѵݣǻôڣҶȴǺͫɷ򣬳ĵ
Ҫ󣬾ܴӦˡ
ȻǺͫĿǰҪԣ¹Ǽ£ºͫɷ򽻸ʥãͫĸԸΪǺǼЧ
ߣ潫ҶץʥԺڲģ̫ˡ
һмԵ壬ڲȢŮӣҲԱŮӼ޸壬Щݣڲǳϵġ
ҪǿӭȢͫͫɷɱУ巴ɷ򽻳ȥ
ҪôˣϾͻᱻѪ
ôһֱίȫǣǻۣȨıǳǿġ
⣬üҲ̫Ϳͷۡ
໢ǺǧĿεѣΪ¶˫Ĺϵѷ죬͵òʧˡ
ʥ£ˡϷѴµ̫ͿˣʥܬA۾ʱ͵˸Բ
ʥӭȢͫһ£лǣĿǰα޷ȷҪǣûлúͫ˵ͬ⣬ԣǴ˴£ǿȢ֮ӡ
£ͫɷҶ𷴿֮飬ǵ˽˶ԹǼϼһ˿Ϳ˵
һ仰ʥܬAһƣ弡ⶸը𣬡ãȻ˽˶ԹǼÿñʥҶ˽˽˶Թ
ʥ˽˽˶ԹϷȲǣͿɽ֮ھԲУͿɽô췭ظǶܣԲУ
˵̫ͿĿһ࣬⣬ʥ֮٣Ϳɽڵ䣬˼˰ˣɫʧ
ԺͳƳʧ֮󣬻ʥռ⸶
ռ⸶ʥЦֲǹ𻵵ģǵطʵռ⸶ǲܣ
޷ʥԸ⸶Ҳû£δʮ֮ڣǰʥصãɣ
ͬʱ̶ǰʥ۵ĸɫƷɣɫĵرչۣѹɡ
̫Ϳÿ˵һ䣬ʥܬAɫѿһ֡
̶ӵžõķ٣ҲʥĶ٣ʮ̶Ӽ룬þʥʧһʡ
Ҫǣ۵ƷɣչȴҪѹɣֱˡ
ʥе߳ɣǿڳĵرչѹɣʹĵֱӼɣټҪزۼɣʧ
ҪǣʥܬAף飬ܹŻ
ǿǾʦ뾭ˡ
ִ󵶿һвǰ¾ʥٲԸ⣬˿Ҳֻܵͷ
ʧ࣬ʥǺ׵ģ
Ȼףֻͨвʽһһ϶ѡ
ðɡʥεĵ˵ͷʧһ嵥һռ⳥
ǣ飬һһ˵ǺľųϺöģƸǶ֤ݣʥ˵
һ˷Χ۵һںˣ¶ϲ֮ɫһüĸо
ָоϣ
£ʥģѰҾųϣȾųϻһʥһȷĽ̫͡Ϳ˵зִ硣
Ǻ϶òܻ򽻵ʥʮֵۡ
Ӧò˶ʱ䣬ʥȴգ峤ȻǰȥӦѰҡ̫ͿֱƭھͺŪ˾ʥ
ǺãҾ͵ȼ죡
˵꣬ʥһͭ۾ָҶ棬ŭ߳СӣбһӴͿɽ֮ڣŮ˵ȹ֮£
ֳʱͱþĵģҶ棬ȴ·ûʥвһ㣬ϵı鶼ûκα仯
þʥЩŭҶ֣ʵǲôӣɱʥˣʥⱲӣ㲻ݣ
ǾԼŵвʥ׷һ䡣
һεвҶ˶
ǣ⶯ȴޱȵĹŹ֡
һȶĿռϢشҶɢҶԭ޵ϢͻȻͱ
۷Ϣ˲Ϣ˼¡
ûʲôҶΪ۷塣
һɲǣҶϢ۷֮ǰڵȶĿռϢҶڡ
һɲǣҶϢǾ̵ĺˮһ㱬˲ϢԽ۷ߵ㣬ԽһԽһ裬Ÿߴȥ
ΪһϢڳϤ
ΪͻƵʱ
ʱҶΪѾͻƵ˽ںС缶Ƭ֮Ҷ鹬˲Ϣʮ࣬Ҳǰøӵļ̡
鹬ɱ󣬴Ŀ顣
һװˮˮ̶ͻȻ˺ԭΪˮ̶װ޷עСϪ˲ע
Ҷʱ˽ʮ鹬ˣΪտҶͻʱԶת£˷ԪͷһĹעҶľڡ
˲Ϣ䣬һҶͷγɣȥ𺳡
Ȼֻǿȥ𺳣Ҷʵ
ȴˣҶΪȻͻƵ˽
սʱͻƣ
һλڵʥսвʱͻƣһĻ龰˲Ϣ˷ĺ˾ˡ
İ
òͻƽʱҪ򰡡
вҶľʥˡ
Ҷ棬Ҷȴ˳ƽΪ۷ͻƵ˽
ʲôӣ
ͽӣ
ʲôӣ
ͽӣ
ʥһּӵıĸо꣬ղвҶѹûȥ
𾪣ͫǧ̡顢СèһȴǱýޱȡ
һε䣬ӵҶǰңޱĽԼϢ˳ĶˣǳҶͻƵʱº֡
ֻһɲǣüҲ׷СèΣҶԡ
Ҳڴʱȵ겨Ҷܱɢȴǧͫͬʱ߶ǵ츳ͨ
ǧ̵츳ͨٻãһʩչЩΪԵ͵ߵУͿҶΣϸһи֮ɫ·һ˲Ծޱȵĵͷֱӡ
ͫĿУ˸Űâ·ƣһһģƺʱҪ˵Ŀһ㡣
ȴǻҶһ࣬˶ĶƤ·ںһ㣬һƵɶţʱ׼ɿܵĹ
СèĶ⣬Ҳ
αֻаƴССɵһ֮˲Ϣʧ
Ӧ˵ʧ˲ϢԶձצһƬƬ
νΨ첻ơ
Ҷ棬ǿٶھʥܬAѣСèʱչ֣֮ͬ
ڻüӵֱӣֱӷųϢü䣬ݣҲ̬ȡ
˭Ҷ֣Ƕ֣ҲǸ໢һΪС
һеһУþʥܬA۾
ҶСӣɱҪѰĶࡣ
ߣͻƣڱʥУûκ𣡡һʥٴο̫ͿͿϣǰŵĵطҪʮ֮ڣûɡ
û⡣Ϳԥһ¾ʹӦˡ
ܺãֻҪһ첻뿪ʥһ춢ǣֻҪǸҴһʥܹ˺ɷ飡
һݷţʥܬAε뿪ˡ
Χ۵ĺȴһĺ⣬ֻǧǧշĵ
ʥҶˡ

ҶȻͻ֮У緢飬ȴȫ
ͫ顢ǧ̡СèһеʱҶͷһһԵĸжͷӿ
ʱܻߣע֪ڵľʥ᲻û͵Ϯ
ڻüҶһʼڣһֱǾ
»üȤһֱСèϣҶһֱż֡
ڻü̬վҶߣҶ滹Ǻܸжġ
Ҷ׳üĳ໢һ̬ȵá
ҶüΪСèݵģ飬Ҷ£ǵ
һεͻƣҶҲ⣬Ƿǳ⡣
ҶҲû뵽ʱͻơ
ͻƵ֮ǰСܿط֮
Щط֮Ҷľ֮УȴıҶһֱûСƬˡ
ҶҲû⡣
ǣЩط֮СƬȴǿʼɿҶ鹬ںϡ
ڶ̶̵ļʮϢĹڣҶ鹬ںϣҶ鹬Ҷ鹬ںϳһöӡ
֮ǰҶö֮УԼԪӡǡ
ֻҪҶԸ⣬öӣԳҶκεط
ңֻҪҶ͸ĵرöӣͻɳ
һ˵ӳɳΪӿռףɳΪЩѶȣҪɳԳһС磬ͱȽѣҲޱȵĴ
ԣ󲿷ߵӣֹڽ硣
ҶڵӣСƬΪǴˣ߿ԳɳΪС硣
ܹɳ̶ֳȣҪҶ潫Ͷˡ
ܿģҶϢȶ˽
ΪﵽٽһҪĺʱ䡣
Ҳȶѣһسڶûдﵽ
ͻ֮Ĳ䣬Ҷ鹬յġ
һͨСƬΪͻ鹬鹬ܹһͶˡ
ҶСƬΪͻƵ鹬鹬ȴʮࡣ
ǾζţһҶ潫鹬ͻʮ
ͬʱʱҶӺĵҶ鹬ٶţΪСƬԭҶ鹬ŷȣԶԶǿʹһƬߡ
ʱͬߣҶʵԶԶǰ
˵ģ˵ڣҶ潫ŵ鹬ʵﵽһ۷֮Ҷʵͬߵ
ʵĲ࣬Ǵġ
νҶΪ۷ʱҲھ˲ͻ֮ţȴǾţ֮һë
ӣЩȫ䵽ͻƵ֮֮УҶ֮еֻЩû̫
ҪҶһͻõСƬ̫ǿ̫ˡ
֮Ҷ밢˼䣬ǸΪλͻơ
һȼƬĺͱԴطӡ
ںϣõˮʯĹں̺طӡƬ
ǣһӵطֲ֮һ
ط̵֮ʱڽӵطӡƬߵΪһ塣
Ͼһӡһȴ
ҲΪԭ򣬲Ҷ̵ʱںһС缶ƬҶڴ˹ؼʱͻƣʡ˴ʱ䡣
һͻƣٸҶʡ˽һʱ䣡
һ֮ϢȶҶ滺۾ʱӭһƬĶе
ͻˣ
ͻûܵӰɣ


1960 
һ߰죬ͿɽڶһֽŶѹ֡˴ҳա
ʥܬAһƱӭ׶סͫСԺһϡ
ľ룬ͨ˶ԻǾ룬ڵǿ߶ԣ㲻Ͼ롣
ǶԾʥµļλԣֻҪһϢʱ䣬ͿɱͫСԺ
Ҷ˲ע£Ϣʱ䣬գۼ
룬úļλ̫ϳϱͷǳĽţʥܬAİţúλ̫ϳֽš
ʥܬAλںͫСԺ֮һ⣬ϵ£Ҷһ˵Ķ
ԻҶһ͵͵ˡ
ʵϣȴΪ񶾣Ǻ̫ϳϻҶһˣ׾ʥ̡
ɵ֣ҹҶһ˵ĶʵѰһᡣ
һҶһκεĴ⣬⼸λͻԥĳȥɱҶ桢°ߺͫľʥҲϢ֮ڸϵ֡
£һǵ֣λ̫ϳҲֻܽ
ǣ峤ͿҪҶں岻ϵ£УɺͫǾԲܳκġ
ԣӾʥİ֮λ̫ϳҲӦİš
ҲλĵںͫСԺܱߣĿ꣬ȴǽλĵ
һλĵκιϳֹ
ͬʱλ̫ϳϣҲòѡһˣʱͿɽϿգ۲ͿɽΣþʥ£Ҳʱ롣
һͿɽڣγһͺŵĽžơ
ʥһղĴ㣬Ҷһղ뿪ͿɽǾ͵š
˶ڵȡ
к嶼ڵȴŴ峤ͿɽĻع飬ֻд峤ˣƲб仯нĿܡ
ھʥڽĵȴžųϺĻתֻоųϺˣǲܹúڲЭ֧֣ǰ鶨ļƻȥ
Ҷһˣڵȴᡣ
ӭ׶ͺĽţҶһ˷
ͫСԺʱѾĺ֯ǽǡ
ȻҶ֪ҶСôһľҶԾͳ׵Сչֳ
С֯ǽĺСһٵϹ١
٣һ̶ϼ˵깥޷ȫǿڣһʱͻᷢȰȰȵȼʾ
סԤǳĹá
߰ԤָߴϰٴΣǰΣҪҶ涯漸ΣһǰȰȰȵȼ·һֿӵԼȴˡ
ӿӣԷ֪²ŽпӣǶԷѾ֪ӣĿûκ塣
ֱӵĿӴȵļ١
ĵʥкĵ̫ϳ϶ţǵӣСԤҶһ˱ĺɡ
СﶢţӲҲܸҶһȡٷӦʱ䡣
Ҷտʼ죬ٵġ
ԣҶɴԪ鰢û˺ͫģҶ棬һӰ
ֱӽʱռںͫʱռ֮⣬ʱ䣬Щĵĳ
Ԫ鰢Ļٶ࣬չ黹Щ
ҶʱҪȽʵһ¡
ҶΪոͻƵʵǺ谭ͻͽʱʱÿһ˿ʵҶһݶԵеĵ
ԣҶԥĶΪļƷʯҶǿԪ飬һ֮յͨߵʮ
ټˮløĵرƵ񵤣ҶһЧͨߵʮ
֮⣬ҶΪ˾ΪĵСʯȻתעҶڡ
СҲǿʯеģʯٶȣǿйأС꣬ҶԪΪеġ
ԣϣСʯٶȸҶࡣ
СϾ壬Ǿ漫Ϊľͬʱֻʯ
Ҷһ£СʯʯٶȣҶ
ҲͨߵĶʮ
Сʯת͸Ҷ棬ʮʮûʲôĵġ
£Ҷʵٶȣͨߵʮ
Ҷһ죬൱ͨʮ첻ֹ
ңҶ滹ʱռ䡣
ʮʱҶٶȱ÷ľˡ
ʹҶʱռһ죬൱ͨʮ졣
Ƚӽһꡣ
ٶȣҶԼ㲻֪һһ
һ죬൱ͨһţ
ȻҶԼԴСʱռۺõĽ
£Ҷ濴ȥֻ˶̶߰ʱ䣬ʵϣҶȴѾ൱ͨĽ߰ꡣ
ҶΪſﵽ˽һسڡ
ҪҶСΪͻƣų̶ȣﵽһ˵ĳ̶ȣһͻƵ嵽ʮ
ԣҶĿǰΪֻнһسڣҶʵΪȴѾ൱ͨĽغڵߡ
֮ǰسڣʵѾ˽
ҶΨһϧǣܿݵʬ壬ûСɣþʥˡ
ҪȻСת֮£ҶΪֱӿ쭵һ۷塣
Ϊ֮Ҷ߶𼸼鱦ӳѾ֮ǰ˳ɱ
׹飬Ϊں϶ɵƷ鱦׹ޣҶΪҶѽӴһЩµϵƺͷ
ǼʱգҶϸһ£˵ܹ߷Ŀǰľܸǿ׷СлԪס
СлԪܹһӣǵǿߣҲͷƤѪ
ϧǣҶȱʱ䡣
һҪӪһ£ϵ̫ã֮Σ
ԣʱռڿ˰ʱ䣬ڰҹҶʹʱռڳˡ
տʼ⼸죬϶˫ţеļ졣
ҶҪڸտʼǼ쵱ѰһᣬǺѡ
ҲҶ⼸ʱռڿ޵ԭ
ʱѾȥˣǺ廹壬Ϊ޹ԭ򣬶ѾиҶģѰһʱ䵽ˡ
ҶҪĿ꣬ȻڴͿϡ
ҶһܹͨĴ뿪Ĺؼ
ƾݣҶٴϢĵִ˺峤Ϳĸۡصס
ͿĸۡصϸѰһȦҶûзͿټһΣ峤Ϳ뿪ˡ
ţҶһϲķ֡
һֱڴͿߵλȻһλ
һֱڼĴ͡ϵҶ֪ԭ
ȴЩʥ˽ҶĶסͿ߾ģҶ⣬Ҳûᡣ
λ岮粽ĻԣͿԼ²㲻˵ҲЩ˼
Ǿʹλ岮ȥٻԼ
λ˴峤ͿײҸı䡣
ڴͿߵǿҪ£ĺʹλһλ
仯ʱҶᵽ˻ᡣ
λڴͿߵߣҶû취κġ
ֻһλ֣ôҶµĻᡣ
Ȼûлᣬֻһλ£ҶҲǿ뷨ġ


1961 ı
תۼ䣬ʱֹȥ졣
ͿɽڵĽŶȴ˿δȻʥܬAѾףںĿⱣ£ѾҵնɱҶ°ߺͫĻˣֻܵȾųϺع顣
ҪǾˣھʥܬAˣ£ѪԲˡ
ԣֶûκôʥܬAڼţҲǿӲ̬ȡ
£ټϺͫСԺϹٵĻ֣ЩͽӺͫСԺҲûٶˡ
ÿӶܱԷ֣ҲͲùˡ
ڣǾÿԵһΣһǵ̬ȣˢһ´ڸжѡ
ھųϺ峤Ϳûл
ҶߣȻѹСˣȴûκεӣеαװ˿٣¶κ
ҹڴ峤ͿĸۡڣһֱͿߵĺͿͻȻյһԼļѶ
һۣͿɫͱѿ
ԶĴͿߣȻȻԼλ岮쳣
壬ʲôˣͿæʵ
ˡͿЩ¡

ͿЩɻǼ˻Լ󲿷ֲʲôҩټתһ£ͿԻָ
ʲôΪ֮ҪҪʲôҩԴ֧ȡͿ߲ʾã׽ģģҪСϸڴ֣һۡ
ȱҩҪЩѰ졣
ԥһ£Ϳ˵ʵ顣
Ҫ۰һС檣ڽ췹ʱͻȻͻ赹ڵأͨ첻˵»ֵɫ̺ۡ
ͿĸҲûˡ
һλڵĹܼңĴΪѴ۷壬ЩҲͿɽͻƣﻹиģȱ뿪Ҳġ
ؼǻ赹ЩУ۰С檣ĹܼһĶӣб𣬲ò鿴С檵Ĳ֢
޻мһŮ죬ҲЩΪǰѾϸ鿴С檵֢״ȴֱ粻ʲôƹѪҲá
ЩŮΪ޲鲻ΪǿĹܼҺͶӣȴֲ㶯֡
Ͼһ鿴壬Ǹ۰С檵һУͻᱻĶӻ߹ܼҸˡ
ͿͷϣҲˡ
Ϊ֮£ĶҲ˷ѶѴ븸׻ȥһʲô⡣
ԭȷʵҪȥһˣǷͿȥɣóʲô⡣Ϳ߾
⡭ǹİΣ˵ͿóһѶ֪ͨһɣҰʱһʱġ
𣡡
ͿѶͿ߾æסͿ֣壬Ӧòʲô⣬ֲԶһһ˵תˣͱ鷳ˣ˿˵ء
ĲЩ鷳һʱò֪岻١Ϳ˵
Ϳԥһ£˵ͷҿȥأ㻹Ǵڸá
İɣȥȱҩ֪һ
ã
أͿͳ𣬷˾һʮһ꣬ļң
ԶһŽϵĻζһ£һظĸо
ص׵Ҷ棬ʱҲһ
ͿеĻҪȻҪ࣬ҵǣͿֹˣҪȻҶûᡣ
Ϳ۰СͻȻ赹ȻҶĽ
Сһֿ˻ԵĹŹֲҶͿСһ£Ȼͻԡ
ֹŹֲҶĶԲأȴΪŹ֣ɨ޷쳣
ҶѡѡҲǾɸѡġ
һ˻赹УͿĹܼҺͶӾͿԽеŮ죬һǱȽͿ谮Ů죬Ҳ޷Ϳż
ΪͿҶ滨ʱϸͿΣֻһʱ߻¡
ǳɹˡ
ɹͿֻǵһҶҪץʱ䡣
Ϳȥò˶ãͻᷢС檻Ե֢״ڣС檾ͿԻָѡ
ҶƣͿʱ䣬Ӧаӣ࣬Ӧòᳬһӡ
Ϳŵı֣һСѣ»ʱת
ԣҶҪж
ۿͿ뿪Ϳһתͻ𼱻ǵǰɵĵڰ˷С檵Ժ䡣
ʮʱ䣬λ岮粽ĸֻܸżλ岮һޣɰˡ
Ϳ뿪Ͽȥ´´棬Ľ˼
С檵Ժ˲꣬Ǽٵ׾룬Ҳòŷɣ첽߹ȥܿ͵
ͷȵͿһŴ£Ҳûע⣬ڴһŵʱ򣬽ŵͻȻ䳤ïʢޱȵĲݴԸһ¡
ͿͷɵĻ𣬰ūԽԽˣݳô֪޼
ȹÿˣúúõһ¸Ĺء
ҲͿ߱ͷ뷨ɲǣһɰؽסǰ⻪ãѾһޱİĵط
ͬһɲǣںͫڵţžʥĺ̫ͿŴ峤Ϳĸۡһۡ
ƺһԪ鲨һţޱȵĶݡ
º֮ʣͿһ뵽ŵͿҲûж룬Ϳܱ̽أⲢ
ңǵԪ鲨֮󣬴峤ͿɰȻ£̫ͿҲûᡣ
Ҷ棬ڵֽͿյռڵɲǣԸҲ˽ȥϾҶֻаӵһӵĹ
ʱܽ


1962 ׷
һصڣʹ⻪ĹڣĴ峤Ϳı仯µӡǣµӡһصķӡǡ
һνɫѪͿָɳӡɲǣطӡͶ˴ĿĹ⻪
⻪ҫ£ĹŶȻ䶴̫ϴϺ߽˴
̫ϣ⼸ߵΣ̫ϴϺĵһʱ䣬ͿͿˡ
峤ʥǱߵûʲôҲˣӦڵȾųϺ̫ϴϺ˵
̫أͿоһ
峤ϷжϣѾ׶༪١̾һ
׶༪٣Ϳ˵ͷҲΪģʮȥˣûһ˿Ϣһϵʽϵ°ѪҲûκϢȷʵ׶༪ˡ
峤⣬£ϧǣ峤ȴҪСġ
ǵжϣǺ°˳Ѫʮа˾ҲҶһķֶΣȴͫҶһ˾˳ȴûϢ׶༪١
ҶǸɵģܹϢɵһλ۷ĴڣҶһˣ峤Сġ̫ϴϺǿ
ܲС𣿡峤ͿһأܿݾȻҶڶ֮еնɱ
Ҫ֪ǻǳ֣ҪնɱǸܿݣҲ޷ô̵ʱնɱ˵ǰɴ䡣
ҶУȻǲ֪ͨҲһ١ٶļƻԭ
£ֻɹʧܣԵö෽ﻮ
˵Ϳһת̫ϣǵ飬ôˣ
峤Ѿ˽
ʯʥ۴ʥҪҵǸ飬ǳںͫ顣
ǵĵ飬ʯʥҵǸ͵˶۵ҵԣͫǸӺѡ
ҲЩʱ̽ͫǸӡ
⣬Կ϶ǣȻͿɽ֮ûзԵټйϵûϵ飬ʮа˾Ҳ֪Ե䡣̫ϴϺ˵
ȷ˰峤ͿСָйɵû棬ףǴ峤Ϳȫϰߡ
⣬ʯʥ۴ʥѾǵˡ
ǰ컹ڳʣʥº峤һ£Ǿڽ磬ʯʥ۴ʥѾͨ뺡
ٵһ죬֮ǰٲǽˣǾֻýϻѰҵԡ
ֻ㱨ڷ׹źͶô룬ǾͲ֪ˡ̫ϴϺ˵
ԣ峤ͿһвҺ壿ҺڶǱû𣿡
峤±Ͼ¹ض۵ӣǱǻرȥ¾֣Ҳ̫˵ѵ
š

ɵûϰϢͣ
ͫĺ齻ȥ£ǲˣֻܶ˺ͫǵļƻĲͿ˵
峤˼ǣ
̫ϣǿٴãԺʯʥ۴ʥ׽ΪһٽǸҶӺͫߺߡ
ûǸҶĹǣͫһŮ֮Ĺδ£չʾص죬ʩѹʱ򣬺ͫǻҪżͿЦ
£ʵ
Ȳ
峤Ϳҡҡͷ۴ʥҪʱޣһ죬ٽƻϸһ£ȷһ¡
ţ̫ٹʱһҵļƻеϸڣûҪĵطһ¡
ٿʼִмƻҲͿ˵
á
⻪˸У̫ϴϺ뿪ʹ⻪˸Ĵ

Ҷʱܽ
ֻаӵһӵʱ䡣
ʵϣ£ѻʶԣһλ۷ĺӵ£ʱ䣬̫ˡ
Ҷ֮ԸǿгֽͿŪռڣΪʱռڡ
ӵһӵʱڣͻһʱʱ
Щʱ䣬ѾҶһЩˡ
ʲôˣ
ʲôط˭Ūģ
ֵľ͸ҹôүҼʶʶȻ䱻һޱİĿռ䣬Ϳ߻Ǻܽŵġ
ͿУûκõġ
ǵܵΣҶ沢û֮ǰԸͿֱޱȵĶԸͿߣûüǾֱԡ
෴ģҶԸͿߵֶΣҪܶࡣ
εĿռشӴͿǰҾͷ·εǽһ㣬˲ͼ˴Ϳߡ
գ۵Ĺ򣬴Ϳ߾һ걾һ㣬ǽ֮Уǿļѹ£˵Ҳ޷ڡ
Ϳߴ󺧣ƴĴ߶ȴûκЧ
ĿǰռڣҶס
׳̶ȣȴ޵ġ
Ҫÿ˫Ԫ
ǶԷԪǿڻߺҶ࣬Ĵ峤ͿôҶռƿأ˸һЩ赲鷳޷Ϳơ
ûԪԪҶɵ£ôڣҶס
ѶôôҶ
ǴʱͿһѹ޷
Ϣ֮һشݺݵ˴ͿߵĺףںκɲǣһаףֱͦͦĴͿߵԺ󣬺˶Է֮С
а׶ɱԣǳĿֲ
ıͿߵҲһֱӺڵа׸˫۷ף˹ȥ
Ϳ˹ȥҶҲֱӶǣڴͿߵֽų鴤УһƳ
ʣµ飬ͺܼˡ
ҶԪΪʩչǣɲ顣
֮ǣ˳ɡ
ҶֿսѪͿߴһսѪ⣬Բһܴ꣬һˮͷ£Ϳ͵ش˸磬˹
ѹĵһۣͿ߾ͿĶҶ棬ɵòȻŭ
ҶģŪģ
㾹Ҷ֣
֪֪˭
ǺƴıǸͫ¾ʥ㾹Ȼ
ֻ֪֪ҪǲܣǸʥʱܹɱˣ
ͿߵЩвҶȴǷ˸İۣͿЩҪŲŹ֡
ĿǰĶž棬˵Ǻı˵ҶչֳǿʵԿԽĸصͿɽƻһͿΪвġ
ڣҶҪģǺúõĽͿˣ
ϾҶʱֻһʱѡ
һɲǣҶ۾һɣͿһͻȻͱԴҺ
ռڻصһ˿һҲݲȥ


1963 ûз

ĲҽУͿߵ壬ͻȻǴһֱһɲǣȴھҵĳ鴤УǱպϺһ¡
£Ѿһ̲ˮգкˮʧ֮µҺ
ҵĳ鴤УͿߵ忪ʼں֮ҵıãҵʹ࣬ѾͿ޷άסˡ
ҶԻһ£Ϳ˼ʮϢϢָʱ䣬ģȶ
ͬʱеĥǹһܱ̫Ǳ̫ĻһϿˣǳľˡ
һһܽʹŴ󵽼£µ˾
СٸǵͿһ£Ϳٺúõһ¡

ҪҶأڰ״̬ĴͿߣͻȻ͸˻
һͷʧˮѵ촽ͿһµĿⶢŷ·һǰζһɫСҶɳƵͷ˵֪ʲô˵ȫ˵
Ҷһ˿
ƾĶۣͿߣҲǰӲˣǣطĥ£С涾֮£Ӳǿ˴ʱ
СͿ߼ɵޱȵ涾һΪ߼ݵСݵĶء
߼ݵĶأʵûʲô˺˴˶֮Ψһþܹж߻ñƽʱС
жС屶мʮ
ҶÿξСʮ߼ݣͿ߼ΣͿ˶ٱҶǲ֪
Ǳֻ֮һͿߣͿɱһҽ
һĥͿҲ߼ݵãһСҪͷľ֡
Ĵ㿪İɣ
Ҷ˵һ⣬ͿǼѵĵ˵ͷ
ûǰȻͨķĿǰҶ漱ҪҪһ⡣
ϣͿЩԥ
ҶҲ˵һЦСʮ߼ݵĲҶһ䣬Сһ㻺Ϳߡ
һɲǣʵ˿־壬˿־ʵ׽ǰһ̡
ʱ߼ݻȥͿ߾Ǳնͷ̨һٴαþޱȣ͵ҡͷ
Сз֮£ͿѾЩ״ˡ
У
У
ۿʮ߼ݿҪٴԼڣ֮ǰǱҪʹʮĥʱͿߣ޲ðĶ͸Ҷ濴
ʲô
ͨ
𣿡
У

һһΣͻȻڶΡΡĴÿһΡ
Ϳߵ־֮ԭԲ飬ҲͲʲôˡ
һö̡ͨϱߵķͨ˸Žɫ⻪Ϳ߶߶µ˳ݸҶ档
߶⣬ܶĴ㲻ƭҰɣ
Ҷһ䣬ȴûеͿ߻ش𣬶һ߶Ϳߵĺ󾱲͵һһȭͷСƤ⣬͵ըѪ
ƭҲûϵĴ֮УֻҪһԴͬ꣬ʱͱҶٴ̽
ԣͿæҡͷʾġ
ðɣҲƭطԵѾˡ棬شҵ⣬Ҫʵش𣬷֪ġ·ӦҶвһ㣬ʮ߼ͬʱҡεͿɫһƬɷס
˵ĲȱصǼ٣״ôúͫ˵ͼıʲôҶĿǰؼһ⡣
ǾųϺͼıǿȢҶģͼıģ϶Ǵ峤ͿԵĽΪһʧصƬ
ԭܼ򵥣ֻԺãԾǷûҪĲϽ
ϧǣͿߣ£Ҳ֪֮١
أȷʵǲȱģڲҲȷʵһʧƬļƻġ
ͿߵĵͿԺͫʲôƻͿ߲֪
ͿֻʵĸҶ˵˵ͫԺҪ
ЩҶѡš
ڽͨ״̬µҶ棬Զ϶Ϳ˵Щʱ򣬲û˵ѡ
ӦܹϵɣʲôʱʥǿȢһ£֪֪
Ҷ⣬ͿߵԥĿҶɫһ䡣
Ҷף⵱гҶ벻Ρ
ʵ򣡡ʮ߼ٴλζ
߼ݵв£Ϳ߼ѵһĭ˵ҵʵûߣͿɽ֮ڣ
ʲô
ҶʧɫͿȻͿɽ֮ڣ
ת֮£ҶæһӰȻͿߺȵô£ȫҽ׼κ򣡡ҶЦ
ȻѾ˵ĿǰͿɽܣͿҲûʲôģͲһ㣬Ҷ֪鶼˵˳
δ꣬ҶɫѾࡣ
ͿϺ꣬Ϻꡣ
֮󣬴ͿեȡĲҶ棬ĿһĶͿߣͿĪĻδεĺˮĴӶͷ䡣
㡭㡭ҪɱҡѾ֪УˣͿߺ
ڿδͿߵҶ棬״ĵһЦ
ͿӣɲܾʧĻͻú嵱һãͻҶ湦һ
˵㻹ֵܣҶؿڳͿʵ
ûǶ㣬һڱչؿޣһѧͿߴ
ţܺãҲɱ㣬һҾͻȥ
ҶķŴ߶Ӱ򣬡棬֮ǰйʱеΣ
ţ峤֮λֻһӦ׵ģ
ԣͿߵĺʱĴ֪ܲҶ仰˼
ҶеӰܵܵУ˵УʱͿѡ
˵Ǿ峤֮λһӰõĽ֣¾Ǳص֮У˼ϡ
Ժе绨죬ƽĴˣǺεȵķд⡣
һص֮Уӭģ޾Ŀš
ҪǣһӰĸҲ޷ԭ
ûĿǣͿ߾صĵ˵ͷ
֪Ӧô
֪Ϳٴصĵͷ
ܺá
ҶһָҿԸǣˣʵǺܺദģҺˣҶǳԿ
ʵҪ顣Ӧ֪йͫ£ӦòʵʱֻҪܹͨ籨š
ôӰ򣬾ԶǰԸ⣿
Ҷ˵꣬Ϳ߾ͳҶ͵ͷԸ⣬Ը⣡
ܺãǽ飬ûзҶʵ
ûзͿصĵͷ
֮ھСƣһˮֵͿߣõҶϵʽ֮󣬻һ·Ҷͳռ䣬ɫЩ԰֮⡣
ˣʱ䣬Źȥ˰ӳͷ


1964 λ
ͫ㿴
ߴͿߣҶָһ£ȷû֮Сӣ»תռڡ
ռڣոտҶѶͿߵӰĺͫѾ溮˪
ͫһޱȸжˣҪȻҲᱨҶ棬ǣ˺Ե
ͬģͫںĴ峤ͿҲǺܸмЩͿһȶȫ
пܣ뱨һͿģΪͿΪֻΪ塣
ԣͫ峤ͿҪƭ뱨
Ӱȴ˺ķ顣
峤Ϳû뿪ͿɽʹͿɽڵĺʥڣЩ췢飬峤Ϳȫ֪һӦҲͿңָӡ
ȫͿԵ뿪ѰȷƬ䣬ڵȴᡣ
ʲô뷨ҶϢĳ˺ͫ࣬§ס˺ͫͣϸ֫
峤ƭǣ¡
£ʱõģҪôһ죬סģ϶Ǻ֡
Ҫôһ콫Ҫ٣ĵǾƴƴҲҵ㡣
ǲ֪峤Ϳͼıʲôõʵʵ
δԼʵһ̶ȣԸĵƽȵ̸ĳ̶ȣΪȡһпܵĻᡣҶο
һеҪأͫһĵǡ
һ죬еҪ磬ǵʱһ᲻ϧһдۣҲȡһǸ
촽һȣͫѾתסҶ棬ҲסҶߵĻ
ã֡
пҶؿڵĺͫôһ죬һһ𡭡
һΣҶס˺ͫһУڲС
ҶɣңҪôȫģͫ
ãҶĵ˵ͷ
ͿߵĵǿͿʱҶԤԳһ㣬һӳͷ
СжˣѾôжģҲ鲻Ҳȥ顣
լ֮УΪԴףôЩķͲԸ⿴鷢ԣ̫
ֻǶСԺע⣬ֺݺݵѵ˴ܼһͨ˽£Ҳû롣
֮ȴûмͿߣͿ󼱡
ѯ֮Ϳ֪һ뿪Ϳ߾ȥС檵Ժڡ
Ǻǣˣǡ
ЦһͿҲû룬Ժ⣬ȴͿ¡
Ϳ֪Ϳ߶С檷ڣʲô¶ûֻΪɫ֮ǰɣ¾Ͳôˡ
Ϳ˴ļűѶĺۼҶͷˣѸٴӵص׻ת
üΪĳЩԭҪһֶ뿪㿴Ǹһ뿪֮뿪תͫСԺҶѯʻü
ҡһ뿪üܿ˾ܸСèһ𣿡üʵ
Ȼԣ뿪֮ǰСèҪȥĶһᣬϾط˶ˡҶ˵
лСèĶȥ
Сè·ӦһĵХһüӵļᶨ
ҶЩ⻢ü뷨ΪʲôôСèأ
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磬ɣ
ƤһģһţͽüСè̽˸С
ҲҶĿǰϢ뿪ܱסռܵΨһ
һɲǣҶ潫顢ͫǧ̵ȫսռ䣬һӣɢͫԺڣʱͱһΡ
ҶͺͫϥĸǺ˯ǧھ䣬üСèһ龰ʵĴƤһһģ͸ûʲô
Ԫ鰢̫µĻٿάҹɢ
ʩչݵҶ棬ƾʧ
뿪ҶĿǰľ
ͿɽҪԾʥĻ񣬻ҪԺ峤ͿϺơ
Ҫ˺֪Ϳɽ֮ںжٵǿɲҶܹӦġ
οͿߵĽλʥǰ׷䣬Щһֱ峤ͿĴߡ
Ȼ˵Ҷһ˼ѹҶģͿϺƣ²ᰲʲôġ
ҶоʹһΧȦ֮У뿪ɡ
ʱ֮󣬴ӵص׼ݹȥҶ棬ٴײĴ󷨷Χ֮ڡ
ײӡͶ䶼ĸоޱȵܡ
СӣӦòƭң
һҶ˲ϢӿеġͿĴͨ
ʱһŽɫӿҶ
еĽɫɲǣҶʱͻһᣬо˿ƺĴһӣжû˿谭
Ϣ֮Ҷ뿪Ĵǰҵ󷨷Χǳ׵뿪Ϳɽ
ͷһӰӰ´µͿɽ꣬ҶֱӶ뵽߿Уúͫǧռſһ磬Сè뻢üͬʱ֡
һɲǣ˿СèļԶղСèɢͨСèʹ˲ϢʧԶȥ
һ̣λɣ
Ϳɽ֮ڣʥǴ峤Ϳ뼸λ̫ϳϣǻĴȺλʥԴһ֪˴Ϳߣ


1965 鶴
ͿɽҹʵǱȽġ
Ķţɺ
Ψһ޷ģǴͿˣͿʱģܻźͫСԺķɨۡ
ͿߺõĴͨҶ棬϶ڽҹĵ뿪Ϳɽ
Ψһ⣬һƬطλţз紵ݶܾͻᱻ֡
ìܵģͿ߲ϣҶǱΪ֣֪뿪
ֱͫڵǱߣûʲô
ͿͷЩ㷣Ҷ浽ˣûأ
峿Ϳɽ̲ϵ¶ϵʱСڵصסڵϰֵһҹλʥͷ·һ㣬߶סСԺɨȥ
ٰȰȰȷһܼ쳹ʱλһЩ޳ܵļƣɨһڵΡ
˯飬ҶͺͫһֻϻͻüȻЩĵķɿ˻
ǿɲҾϾҶ棬̥ǿԪ鷴ɲǸǵġ
ţһ糣ӣûжֵĻᡣ
ǸʥĻ㱨
ݻ㱨ոմľʥѹû롣
ʮÿĻ㱨Ѿϰˡ
£峿ͫСԺڣŰҲûע⡣
ΪͫСԺٸǵСԺҲ˵ʲô
ļλ뿴һСԺΡ
̫ͿѾӡ
ԭҲܼ򵥣ӱˣ֮䣬ǶĴʡ
ֵȫʾú֮ͫʣǴ峤ͿͿԸΪСúͫС
ʱţ峤ͿöܼƻҲʼִС
ʱ֣̫ϴϺԳ棬̫ͿһȻ̫ϴϺǰĴ֮⣬ѾȵļȲͷλʥ
Ϸ̫Ϳھһ֮󣬸ͫһǷǳš
ʥһԻҪ£ҲðнС
ǣѶ̫֮Ϳˡ
ͫķѶ֮󣬾Ȼ·Ļһ㣬ͣڸ߿Уֱߵľɷĩ飬ûκζ
̫ͿɵˣΣֻһֿܡ
ҪϵĶķҪﲻڵǰ֮ⷽУҪѾ뿪ʮķΧ
ֿԵһ֣̫Ϳޱȵͷ
ͿϾǾ˵ˣûϾͼ峤Ϳ
ǲɫĽͳͶ˺ͫСԺ
ɲǼ䣬ǰȰȵıһ
Ҫ£˷֮󣬿϶ڵһʱߣϵͫͿȴûߣִ̽롣
ٰȰȰȵıͣǷڵҶ桢ͫ顢üСèǧ̣ûκηӦ֮ǰһƽȣ·ûκδһ㡣
Ԫ鰢ڣ̽þͿûʱ仯ûԪ鰢֣Ļֻάӡ
һĻһشӽŵֱš
ͿӦҲףҶһˣ֪úֶΣѾ뿪ˡ
Ҷһ뿪ˣǣȴ˺һޱȾ޴̯ӣ¾̫ͿԸҲ鷳
ס
ͿԼһ䣬Ȼ󣬾ʱһϢ뿪˺ͫСԺȻ̵ʱ䣬˺ĸʥء
Գһ磬޷峤ͿֱϵҪϵ峤Ϳֻܽء
ʲô
õ̫ͿرĴ峤Ϳ¸Ŀɿڴ
λţΧĴΧţҶһˣܲඣ
ʱͿҲ˲μ
㵽֮ڣʵҪԭ򣬻֮ǰ֪ôģҶͺͫڸۡڣܱ
һΣΪһʧٱҶһ˷̶ʧȥͫΣɴڡ
ֻҪڣ磬ܹټˣûм
ѿ֮ƤӵߣǣԲͨҺĴ󣬶ˣ뿪صͿɽĳͿ侲·
Ϳɽط˵󲻴˵ССʲôԳһıǿɾ͡Ϳһĵǡ
޷ĴֻҪǻĴΧ֮ڣֻҪû뿪Ϳɽ;ܲϷģ
Ǹ֮ɫͿɽһߣһ߲ľβͳͿɽС
а
ͺһӲӵѪ߲ľβ֮УɲǼ䣬һѼĽɫΪģɢ˷ϵ¡
ͬһɲǣͿɽΧĴ󴦣ҲһȦѼĽɫΧ£һ˷ϵ»ġ
Ϳɽڣζľʥڽɫɨ֮ͻȻֱ壬¶֮ɫ
Ԫ鲨˸һ£ûκη֮󣬾ʥŽעͶǰʳ
ڲɫ϶Ϊһɲǣڵĺ峤ͿɫȻò԰ޱȡ
ûˣ
Ϳɽ֮ڣûκһ˵ϢҲûκһͿɽԳһĿռ硣
ѵ뿪ͿɽĴڣôܣ


1966 ͿߵԾ
ڣ峤Ϳ̫ͿԶϣ˵Σ
ֻǣͿľ㵣峤Ϳϣŭ
ַŭһ֮󣬴峤Ϳ͵һŭ̫ϣͷѾǸӸ
ͿǴ峤ͿǴˣһ˼⣬ʹ뵽
Ĵ󣬳峤е߲ʾβȫ߶֮⣬һʾβԴ߶Ĵ
һԣֻһֹܵʾβͿɽĳϻ̫С
ͿȴʾβĴͿߣʾβһãǾǿͨĴͨ
ȻȻģǾͽ˴Ϳϡ
̫ͿҲΪģ֮ǰû˵ˡ
峤ϢŭҲһǴΪȫûеͿȰһ䡣
ͿȴŭδûͨҶһˣƾշ˲ɣĴ̫֪ģ컯ˣҲ޷ɽ
ӻ˭
̫ϣ졭
˵峤ͿͻȻŭһţңͫҶ涼뿪Ϳɽˣһʲô㣡Ϸȥӣ
֮⾶ֱ峤ۡڴͿߵԺ䡣
ͿߵͿиӦӭһȴ峤̫ϡ
Ҫ֮ʣͼ峤ͿŭӹŸոӭĴͿߣľһš
ӣɵĺ£ǰ㣬㾹Ȼұ棿ͿָţָͿߵıŭ
һıȫΧźͫչģͫȻʧļƻգ˾޴Σա
ǱŵԲɽľʥĴķ׹źµλʥɶǺýġ
ʱͿǺ޲ɱͿߣ
ۣ
ͿһţûκαǵĹͷУͿߵ߸߷ײǽ֮أеѪһ·
ɼͿ֮ŭ
Ϳ߱ͻһŸߵЩ£ǣͿں壬ֱͿ̵ôʱ䣬ҲǴɵ֮
෴ģޱȡ
һһҹͿ߼û˯ȫ˼µĿֵܳͺ
˼һҹգҲ˵üĿ
ͿĵڶŭɲǣͿǿ˫ϥһأԴǵҩһ㣬һĿ˵档
״ˣ֪ʲô븸״ʾǶˣšѺ飬ӾԲڸǰҲԹԣ
ͿߵԳҹһ࣬ޱȵľϴʱĵӵѪģ˵Ϳ峤ͿҲЩԥˡ
ѵԩӣ
ƾĶۣȻ㣬ǱѺ£Ӧûҡ
£ͿһҶһˣͿɽʧˣôͨĹģνͣ
ֻΪܹĴͨ
ʲô
ҶǼһȻˣôܣ
ҺĴ󡭡
ҶĻһλͿߵݼӰۼģ֣
ͿߵϵͿϺ꣬ɲƾݼͿɻȥġ
ĶͿߣһͣ͵õ˼
״ˣͿٴͷأޱȱ˵·ԸģҺģҺ飡
븸ź
峤Ϳû˵һһһŹֵı顣
ķϻ˼ʱȥ˵ɣ
ͿͿͺһ
ڣ
սеͷٽӸҹÿһźţֱйͿޱȵı䡣
Ϳȴһľ֣ףĲңûУ
ӣһ£á
ͿЦȰһͿɷţϣͿɫһ䣬һˣһͽͿ˫۵һͿߵȫͿסͿߡ
ѺȥͿ֮ɫĻ˻֡
ǣ
ͿҪͿѺʱ򣬴ͿͻȻ״ˣˣҶӣͨġ
ԣˣҪˣͿЦͿӢһôĻ˶
ǵĸף
ͿߴԩףųϣųҲһöĴͨ
ųϣ
ͿͿͬʱ¶˺֮ɫô˵
״ˣųʧٵ˻ûκϢ룬ųʧٵģͿʾ
ųʧٵģ
ͿͿǴˣͿ߶ʾ˲Ϣ뵽˺üõ
°˳
ȻĶӺŮŮҲͬһ챻°ߣ
֮Ǻʧ٣򱻾˻
һˣͿͿɫͬʱ䣬˵Ҷɱ
״ˣǸҶ棬ȻһɱʥܿݣôɱųϺĿܣ
ҪȻҲôʱûκϢˣΨһĿܣ
ҪĻ
ͿͿ˺Ȼ


1967 ʮλ
ͿǰųϵĸڣܲѵųϺëȻʩչطװɣ
ĳ˼˰ӣ峤Ϳ´תߣǰһ֣һͿߡ
伱죬Ϳֽס֮ʣһһҩƿ
֣ƾʱת롣峤Ϳߴ
ͿߵУһ˿Ϊ֪Ŀϲ֮ɫ
ĸͿ֮ǰ´ֻǴ˳ˣƿҩ濴ֻǹģʵ׵һ̬ȡ
Ȼ
һĻͿҲˣÿ˾ͿȻ״峤Ϳô˼
ӣŶеӼ£ͿæͿߵǸ
ףҲִи׵ĵԣͿ߶Էŵ飬һ˿ģͿȴεĺܺá
£Ϳף뿪ĸףںƨ㡣
Ҳʱİˡ
壬ȥɡ

뿪ۡĴ峤Ϳ̫Ϳ飬һĳء
һֱΪһֱ˾ųϺʧٵ飬ܵΪѰұ°ļλѪˡ
ʧʮ죬ϵʽϵѾǺԵˣǴĵǲԸѾġ
Ͼǵ۷ǿߣΪЩ۷ĴڣشҪɱˡ
һֱҲû롣
챻Ϳһᣬ£ͱ鷳ޱȡ
ȴеĴͨᱻ֮⣬ٵĸ鷳ǣľʥӭһ£ô
һֱеǸԲĲԣЩǿ۵ܲ뷨
ʥӭһ£ǣ
ܻıһЩ£ԲĿŵıѺ档
ڣʧͫһҲʧˣǾʥһҪӦԣ
һͿԹۡ
Ĵ֮λʥҲ鷳ޱȡ
֮ǰûֱӽλŽҲҵõͫǾǵ飬޹ˡ
Ӳı˺ü죬ƫƫͫһˣλʥΪ֮ǰǺʱ䣬źͫһ롣
ͿҲͲ
ҪǣλʥվĲǷ׹źλ䱳Ƕ۵ұһ£Ƕ۵ӡ
£ͿϺ꣬ҲӦŰ
£Ϊͫһ˵ߣ˺Ĵ⣡
峤Ϊ֮ƣΨ⣬ſʧ͵١е̫Ϳؿڡ
⣿ô⣿ͿЩ⡣
峤ͫҶ桢һˣһֱλĶŵġͿһ䡣
ͿϺ꣬һѣʱͿ˼
̫ϵ˼ǣҶһ˵ߣǺ޹أȻúλʥҲΪģ
ûǺĴʥھʥ˷ֺͫԺ쳣֮ǰϵǲתìܡͿ˵
̫ϸ
һ䣬峤Ϳʱ͸ǰǢӦλʥ̫ϴϺ´ӭλʥ
תìܣɲƮƮ仰ܹɵģҪһϸļƻ
ʱȣͿͿٴϸ
ڴʱһѶطһۣ峤Ϳɫѿ˼֡
ںĸĻµҵһëͨڵط׷٣ȷѾɢ
һۣͿͿˣӶԷпһ˿⣬չ飬СҶ棡

֮⣬СèҶǰһСͨѶŲͻȻ˹⻪һƾճ֡
Ҷ룬ڣֻμ֣ѷ֣ʱ޶࣡
ǺĴͿ߸ҶͨǱѶҶܣǶ
ǣ֮ǰҶĴͨͿ߶ԸҶһ˱׷ŻͨǱš
ϢҶл˷ĩСèӿٶȣ֧֮ʱҸýҺҪ̵ʱڸϵ׻ɽ

һͳĻХСèٶһμӿ죬ʮÿʱѾӽСèļٶˡ
Ҷûж˵ֻǿԽܹ䱾ԴܹԱɳ裬ɰӽСè
Ƭɳ裬ʱҶУûʲô
ԭӳͿɽ֮ɣҶ̫磬洦ߡ
ǣ
Ǿȳ֮Ҷܳ׵Ļսϵɡ
һϢ뿪ΪҶһˣȡһҹְԼ߸ʱʱ䣬ҶһˣҲ൱һһʱ䡣
ǣӪʱԣԶԶ
ͿɽǱߵ̬ҶеĽչĻҪ졣
λʥȷȷʵôǺҺͫȴʥһĶš
䣬תìܣú屾⣬ı·ӵ쾡¡
Ȼֳ䵱˾ʥͺλʥ׷顢ͫҶһ˵ҡ
ڶʱڣ͸鱨׼ȷжϡ
ҶһˣȻǸ׻ǣӪ
׷ûãҶյȡͿߵϢ׷ѷܡеʮλ


1968 򵥴ֱ
ǰҶӰ׻ǳִһ·Ҳȫ·һʮʱ䡣
ǻʱȴȫ·ˣƴˣ
СèٶһֱڿҪӽٶȵʮÿʱָ٣Сè޷ʱ䱣ֵġ
ԣҶÿСèһʱʱ䣬Ϣ
һʱҶһҲûֹͣ·
Ҷ󣬳ʩչӸٸ·
ҶĿǰΪԳʩչӰʱȻٸٷаʱʱǿܹﵽʮ
ҶŲȥʱٻСè˷С
ҹȫ·֮£˾ʱ䣬Ҷһ˾͸ϵ˰׻ǣʱʱ䡣
Ҷһ
Ϳߵͨ籨ţ׷֮ʱѾҶ뿪֮һˣϧǣͿ߲û׷ҶʱҲ֪׷ľ嵽ˡ
ҶϿƶϳǵٶȣӦû׷ʱ䣬ʮҵʱ䡣
Ҳȫ϶Ͼ湦طͨ壬޷ͨٶ
֮ƣҶֻץһʱӪ
Ҷ治֪ǣһǧ⣬ľʥ죬ϱź̫Ϳλʥʮλ
ھʥˣ˶Ĳһһɽ˦һͿһޱߵɭ֡
ʥسɴͨڸ֮Уһָ̫Ϳ̾
ԣʥ԰ЦһϣٶȷʵУڵϸ·ٺ٣
ٶȣò죬ܸϵ׻˰ɣͿЦ
죬ܹϵ׻ǣʥһš

׻һƫƧСƹžķڣҶ桢ü顢ͫΧһӪĲԡ
֪ڻԶɣ湫˽ʵϣΪ˷ǳֱ̰Ӹף̫ˡ
ŵùҵĻҿȥҸæ棬Ҫü˵
вͨģ㸸ȥڻԼ飬ӣڻ鷢ġͫ
ߣҸ棬һҽҸڻӦòˣʲôü˵
Ҷ濴ŻüЦüǺϵģǷĵǡ
ǲ˵㡣
໢ʮа˾ǲԸϽ⵵ģ⵵漰˶ۡ
Ҫǣʱ䷽棬Ҷ̫ƣݴʼ͡
һܹɹõġ
򣬾лᣬҲһʱ䡣
üҪһ¡Ҷؿڡ
뽲
ǷֿȻӰǳ໢µ׷׷ˣܹǰʱԤʱ䡣Ҷ˵
û⡣
УҪһݺڻĻķλͼܹȷһ£ڻľλáҶ˵
Ҷֵܣ˼ǣüͷ
ֱֻķʽˡҶĿУǼᶨ

׻µļλÿλһ
ڻƻɣĶ࣬Ϊ˷㴦Ļڰ׻Ǻǧİ׻ɽһΡɽ֮ϡ
ɽ屻Ϊڻ壬ڻͽڻϡ
ü鱨һʱڣڻںڻڣÿһʱ䣬ڱչز
ΪڻĸݵڣкڻԼںڻķҲֻһˮ׼
ҶûзѶϢǱ˺ڻĵصס
˰ʱҶѾҵ˺ڻչصĹ
źԵĿռصľϢҶݣҲȴ
ԣڻԼĵطķǷǳĵġ
ҪȻʱ򣬱ͷһ£ǿɾҪԴˡ
СķĲ
һɲǣһѼľϢ˳Ųص׵ĸɫϵɢ˻˷
ʮϢֲ֮ǻ˹һһ̣ڣҶ۾
۷ĴڰǸ˾һȼĴڰû뵽죬ҾȻҪĻ롭̾һ䣬ҶΣʧӰ١
֮󣬻ںڻ޹ǰһŴһ֦ͻȻͻһ˸̹ıǹݺݵĺ˺ڻ޹Ľϣ
飡
Ŀİɫˮ޹Ʊ޹ĽƲûбƣڻڵȴȫһǹˡ
һɲǼ䣬ʹӻĸ޹Ӷ
ֵĺڻµĻʥһľݣǺڻǱëˣɾʹˡ
ҲЩ˷ӹɲǣһʵӰںڻ޹ǰ֣ڻ£ĳǰһ׮Ҫ½ס
ηͽȻҴ뻢ڣһŭ𣬽ֵʥͻһ׹Ҷ
ʵӰȴ˿ûϮİ׹⣬ԹԵ˵汦֪ڻûȤ
ۿǵ׹ҪӰɷ飬ͻȻ֮䣬ڻ޹ӿһˮ⣬˲Ϣ͵ǰ׹ǰ
һɰ纣Ԫѹʱ޹ӿǸӰˣңֱ
Ҷȴǿϲһƻˣ


1969 вڻ
ڻ£ôģͲùˡͿ벻ҪˣҶƵ˷һ㣬޹ڵĺڻѹ޴
󵨣
ڻϲŭŭȣһֻĵĴ֣شҶûǸӰ
ĵĴµɲǣԲǧһУǿԪеһУһɲֹͣˡ
ҶңңĸоУƺʱ䶼һ֮ͣС
ԲǧڵһУһɲǱһָֻˡ
ȻڻʩչطֵӰ
ǺĵĴԪ鰢ûӰʱ˲Ϣһһɢˡ
һУޡ
ºڻطһУµģֻһ΢޷׷ٵ
޹ڣԻ˺ĺڻɫЩѿǿ﷢һżŭߡ
һɲǣ޹ڸԵĺڻ͵һ̤һεĺɫɢ˷
ʱڵһУߣصףںڻ֮С
ƿأȴûúڻɫԻӵѿ
Ϊûзֵĵˣһ˿һĺۼûз֡
Ԫˮһɢ˷ڻٴѰ˻һпܵĲ֮
֮󣬺ڻϵŭûκջ
仯úڻŵԪϢ·ŭһĲĸ֪һ仯ʥǲƵĲ
Ϊڻĸʥ֮һ̫׺ڻŭĺˡ
ţȥϸǱ룬ȫǣ׻ڡʮ֮ˣص̲飬˵ĿߣһɹڻʣŭѪȽ֯һ·
ҲڴʱһƵ̾Ϣشӻ
ڻ£Ǻαأֻ׶ѡ
Ƶ̾ϢɲǣڻǰԪסǡ
һΣȺڻԪ£ǳֵӰԼ⣬ڻٴ˸ա
õ
ڻһͳŭôˣǵһ˸Ϸ
ڻ²Ҫңĳھʧƶ򲻶ٴδӶϽǷ
ڻԪһ͵ͣס
ΪʥȴǷŭһ˶ֵķ
ʥѾŭ£һصļһֻ˵εƺڻˣҪץߣʥ棬ɾҪװǹˡ
ס֣
ڻǶصͳһεĽһ˲ϢʥһӲĽֹڵأ޹ķ򣬡
£°ɣڻ׿ܵٴ
ǣںڻô꣬ʥִ
ܿģڵһʥ֮⣬˵һɶ
СһŴеҶ棬ٴ˿
ﵽһڻĽףٳɹһ롣
ĻɹĿԺܴ
ֻҪܹȳҶðٴգҲֵˡ
Ҷ֮ǰ֮ûбڻ֣ԭܼ򵥣СĻľ֮С
Сľϵ飬еľϵ飬ڻٶẬľôСľЩľ֮Уˡ
һͻȻһ֬߼⣬˭أ
ǺڻɨֻлľԣһֱûзҶ档
ҲСǿֻ֮ҪлľĵطСķ
ң䣬ȷʵҪ֤ң˼Ƭ̣ڻڡ
ȷʵҪҲõңʥסֵԭ
򵥡
Ƶٴ𣬡޹ǰĻ̳ڣһȭͷС飬һ֪
š
һָ΢㣬һȭͷСͱڻٿǰδͷ׷⣬¶ߵһŻʵĹˡ
úڻüͷڻҲޱ֮ˣһ˼⣬뵽һ˿ԡ
߶˳һڣ̺Ũҵ˲ϢͳڻıǻúڻľΪ֮һ
ʱڻɫ䡣
ڻɵҲףܹŨҵĹˣؼ䣬Ǽٵ֮⣬ʲô
Ȼ˵̺Ժڻûʲôãһͨ˽ˮˣһӣûκġ
ϣһҵ㡣
ǳһʲô
ȷԷ֮⣬ڻ𾪵ǣԷȻܹ֪޹ǰһŹˣʵ¡
жϣڻ˾ôףлмң
ţ
ҶĻشǿ϶Ҳ׵
𣿡
ڻȻ̫ţ˵һǰ۵ҴϣһӸ˼ʮҡ
ɱǸӣǸӺϻٵģ
Ȼڻ鱨Ҳ
Ͳͺڻ²ˣڻֻҪǷԸ⽻סҶǿӲ
㵨Ӻܴ𣬸Ҹ˵ڻЦ
ӲҲͲˣڻ»̬ȵĻҾʧסҶв֮⡣
ȻܲſٵңڻҲòΡ
ǻ岢ǵòҡ
෴ģİ׻ۣÿܴ꣬Ӷõҡ
ǰ׻õңãСóʹ£ǾԲʹ͸ڻĶ۵λвĻ
ԣңڻġ
ңǧԪ
ȻǧԪԺڻƳԪʲôԪѾû˾ųϣߵͷĺڻԣǷǳɹۺ˵ġ
ʲôڻʵ
ĺڻ֮УѺһļһҪȫȫβŵ֡Ҷֱ˵˵

ڻüͷһ壬ֻǺϤģصڻˣȻڻ֪
Ϊĸʥڻ괫ڻüͷŻɿ

ݱ鱨ǸҵԹϵô˵Ǹҵĺӵĺϻඣڻʵ
Ҫ𣿡
ҪңҪʮţԣǿǽʮҰڻЦ
Ҷһûôˣʣ°˿ţҿȫ㣬һʱֵ˿̣ҶѾûּۻ۵뷨ͬʱҲΪ֦úڻ뷨
ʵϣʮ˿ңҶһ֣ڸһ֮⣬ҶУֻа˿ˡ
һ㣬ҶͿǵˣüѾѹˣڻ̰ġ
ĲԣΣֻڻš
ǣڻҲܹ֮ͨⳡжϳܶϢ
ʱͷжҵҶһˣͻΪڻ׷ɱĶ
һ޶ߣҩ׷Ѱķִţֱ޷
Ҳڵĸɴ䡣
ֻа˿ˣڻЩ̫š
ģЩҲһЩףÿ˻һţʣ°˿ˣҶ˵
ڻЦãˬ죬˵ʲô
ǽ׵ĵص㡢ȫҶ˵
һ˼⣬ڻصĵ˵ͷãɽ


1970 һССֶ
ʥˣҪϼӿܵˣҶ浽׻ǵĵڶڸСĺƴʥͻȻͽӵ˺ڻ˧ļš
ƴʥվɱظգʲôˣ߱ʥԽѺ
ʥ
ʥĸ֣úƴʥǱһƹһ˲Ϣʧ
ʥ׺ڻţٶֵˡ
ǣκƴʥ˼ȥҲ벻ʥΪʲôͻȻҪ
æոµҺӲ
ʥĿǰʥǼ£ΪҪ½飬ʥһĺá
Ǳд˼ʥѯʣûд˼ʥʥҲҲʥӡǾʦӲĽ顣
ƴʥʥոսӺڻʱ򣬸˹ȥ
ǣżһ㣬ƴʥЦеӭȥ
ʥûĿһۺƴʥ
ΪĺӣԸֱֱȥȡʱĲʥҲǳһ˳˧һ䣬ʲô飬ã
˧Ҳ֪ľ֧һ˵ð˺ƴʥ
ʱʥԺƴʥ֪ģԴһĺӣʵ˲ݣ
ԣʥԺƴʥûһɫ
ӿʲộָ
ʥ䵭úƴʥΣʥ̧ڻƴʥ͸ˡ
֪ȥЩĺƴʥٴ׷һ䣬ȴʥһ˻òĵ£ӻǲҪĵĺã
˵꣬ʥﳤȥ˸ӵĺƴʥֱš
ҹʱ֣ʥ׼ʱԼĵص㣬׻ʮһɭֱԵ
ɭֵıԵٲļĺˮ
ʥһˣĿĲӣٲϷ
Ҵˣأ
ҶӰٲˮӰ֮У֮ǰ˵仰Ҫȷû⡣
ͬһɲǣʮĻڣԪ鰢ûӰںڻڣڻԶ٩٩̸
㲻뱾ڽֳǺܼɵඣֻߣǲűƷڻЦеĿҶĻӰ˵
ڱˣԼŬڼɵǵȻܼɵڻˣԺڻµʵ¼䣬мҲɵҶ
ҶһССƨڻãЦſԶӦÿʼ˰ɣ
ӦãҶ˿϶Ļش
ʮٲǰʥһĺ󱳣Щ¶۾һۣ;ϲҶ棿ǣ
Ҷľûκαʾһ֣һ䵽ϡ
ϣ㵽鱨ķ̫ˣ벻ͨɱС
ǣۺͨȴûа취ıһ˵ںͱԴ
Ҷֱ̽ڣ鿴ǰ١
ҶҪǼںڻĴڵƷǾ̫ˡ
Ϣ֮ҶĴ˳Ѿȷǰû⣬Ҳ˶ݵĽڲûб˶ֽš
ڶκֽţҶصҪ֮һ򣬺ڻ͵òҡ
һϣڻûκκ
ˣ˰ɣҶȵ
ʥûӦַһѶѶʮĺڻ
ͬʱָһɣͱʥӸ߿£ǣŵĲס
ԿľࡢҪֻһɫУһˣʥС
£Ҷһ˵ķӦж죬ֻҪʥһͿɱɢ
ڻڣһѶ˺ڻˣǱѾˣýó˰ɣ
𣿡
ҶĻӰϸһ˿ļڻ£ҲһŲǰ
˴˱˴ˣڻЦУȴһ˿㵡
ʥ֮䣬ͨѶϵģǰҶ棬ûκζ֪ʮ֮εģ
ֻҪлľĵطСķһ㣬ǺڻҲ벻
ĻͱǰҶ۾
һԱƭ֮óңһˣڻ˵
ã
ҶһЦһָ֮󣬾ںڻȻޱȵĿеģһڣͻȻʢһſ³˰űסĹӡ
棬ȴ¶һʺĹƤɢ˵㡣
ɲǣڻһǰ˿Źɢһ񣬻£һ־ٸĸо
ףҡ
鼤֮£ڻһֱȡǰ˿űҡ
ڻ£ļо綾Ȼڻ㣬ֻҪһ̣ǰ˿ұɷ
ҶúڻָӲǱİ˿ǰ
㣡ڻŭҶ档
һССķթֶζѣ
ѵǰֻҪǱ߷ˣ´İȥҶĻӰЦ
ĶҶһۣһӺڻзɳ
Ϣ֮󣬸ոյʥָһɣǿĺɫͬʱʧ
һӰʱʧ˸Ӱ١
죡ڻڣҶĻӰɢ


1971 ޼
׻ʮٲǰʥ·һ׷˱ǵӰߵ
ǣϢȴһɲǼ˲Ϣʧ
ԥģʥ׷ǵӰǵӰڵص׵Ķټ죬Ҷݷͣתŷλ
֮ʥһ׷ˡ
ǸӰϢƤӵӵӰ١
ȻⲢ˵ʥʵʥֻ׷٣̫Զˡ
ߵԪľԽԶ֪;𽥵ݼ
Ϣľ룬ǸӰѾصʮķʵʵʱĸ˥
ʥΪصʮҲЩΪ̵ĸоֻܷˡ
ȻҪԭʥûеõڻ
Ϊڻţʥǰ˿ҶԺڻҪԣûкڻ´֮ǰʥǲκġ
ڻڣƵĺڻһңƵ廨һСǲϱߵ
ԲϵĶϱߡ
飬ڻ¾Ҫɱˡ
ÿһңźڻ
ԣڻҼˣҰԭƻ´׷ɱ
׵Ҷı֣̫ƻˡ
ƻΪֹȫġ
ǸҶлµʲô֣һڵľٶ
ԣڻųٳû´
Ϣ֮һұɾ͸룬ȷûκ֮󣬺ڻŶԼڵС硣
Ķһֱ˰˴Σ˴֮ȷеû⣬ڻһ
Ҳǣõ֮ҪúڻеĶֽŵĿԣ̫ˡ
ǹҡ
û취ⶫԣ̫Ҫˡ
ôˣڻַһѶѯʥ
شԷܽƻֲѾˡ
Ǿִ֮ǰ㱾ĺڻȫʮڽ׻ǷΧĿѡϧһдɱڻ´
ǣʴȫȫǴǣ
е飬ҼҪܡ
ǣ
÷Ѷȷ֮ʥٲصתһȦûκη֮󣬾ͻת׻ִ׷ɱˡ
ڻڣڻϸϸĸһѾĹƤڸžӰƤޱȵ
˿ңΪٰǧ꣬δͼ֮£пΪ
ҲΪˣҪڣ£Խ֪Խá
ΪϢһȥͻʹð׻۶ӵļɵ˵иһж
֮⣬ҪǣۼıɲǺõġ
ǶԼ涪ĶҲ˼񵽾Ϳ˵ġ
ǿǻд鷳ģ
ԣڡ

ڻ֮һʱҶĳڰ׻һҿջľƽ֮С
һʱУҶ漸þֶΣ̫㲼ãΪ˱ܵ׷١
ʵһν׵Ķʵ̫ˡ
ڻ׻֮µĵһˣȻٳṳ̂컯ʵ˵Ѿﵽ컯
ԣҶ治κδ⡣
֮ǰڻڣС˴ķȫ
Ϊ˱ܵ⡣
һʱڣҶѾܵټȫĨɾˡ
֮Իת׻ǣΪҶģ˿̴뷨϶ǽ֮Ҷһ˿϶ԶݣжԶԶ
֮£ڻ˵Զ÷Ҳδ֪
֮£׻Ƿȫĵط
֮⣬Ҷת׻ǣһ뷨
ҶɲݺѪ̵˰
ƴʥ̣Ҷô鷳ҶҪǲɫ治Ҷ
ڻҶǲ𣬵Ǻƴʥ˵ˡ
ھȳ֮Ҷû˺֮ǣ֮䣬Ҳˡ
һҶתռ䣬ȿһ״
ͫ顢ԡ½λĴ½֮ʱʮ꣬ٴһ
ֻ۵״ʵе㡭ң
ԵںĿһѪζʱʱĿһȳĺѪ
ʯʥȫһɲһýӵġ
Ǹҡ
ĹͷǲҰ׵ѿ˴ΪȱƺλĶӣȥģóҿ
ͫȴǴᣬһĸϴ˿ڡ
ʱѾ࣬ۻЦЦݣһɲ
Ҷֵܣ
ֵܣ
Ҷֵܣ
죬𶯣ţ
ҶվȻҪվȴҶæס
ҵˣһΡ鿴Ҷ棬˵ʲôȴ˵ʲô޷ʱ飬л鹰˹֡
ͨۻȴǺݺݵҶؿȭҵģ۾֮ͨ࣬κζԡ
ȴͫİס˵ʲôҵĹ˼£ȴһû˵ڡ
ϢһŤͷˮһ㣬˦ɵһߣһƬӨ
һĻ˭ˣȴûκָ
Щ쾭ԵʲôѺΣգҲֻЩ߲֪
ڱ˿ֻǻһһ˶ѡ
Ƕԣ壡
壬˵壡
޼ۣ
ֵܣ
Ⱦƣ
ͨۻͻȻһж˼ٽװĴ̳ӡ
Ƕˣܺȣͫæȥеľ̳ȴҶס

ã
˶ıҶҪֵּľ̳зɳӭͷ˼ˡ
Ҷ棬飬ֻ״̬һ̳
ȣ
ȣ
ȣ
ȣ
Ŀ⣬Ҷ桢顢ԡͬʱ̳˹˵ţ
̫кͨƣںĴ½ӵľƣֻľơ
絶
ȴ
˵ӣͬʱͨ
ţУԡ顢絶ҾƣͻȻһ̵ζ
̳£ԡ顢עˮ˳ӻϵ˶̳ڣȻ˳žҺһ˺֮С
ˮζľҺ˵Ĺζȴ絶ȻѪ
ͫҶԣһĻͣ۾
һԿһĻĳС۾ͻȻǳҫֱۣһ㣬һĻ¼
飡
һһţϵҶ桢顢ԡʹ죬ʹУ̳ˤķ顣
ˤ̳˲ϢĨȥϵֻۣ˷顣
硢硢磬ﰲˣȥյϢĨȥǵľգҶϣųޱɱ⣡


1972 ƴʥͼ
ʱҹǰ׻ǣǰ׻ɽûа
庺ӵĺǿ׳ǣǵҹޱȵķḻͳ־ãƴƻǱ䣬ֻǺɶɵı
׻ɽɽϵһۡڣողμĺƴʥľʦҺӲľҡҡλεĴԼԺ䡣
ûḮڹܼūӭӣӲǰһλ˧С檵Ժ䡣
ڳΪƴʥϿɵľʦ֮󣬺ӲںƴʥµĵλÿϣЩ˧ͨʥһǱŷĸʹϵ
ĵر챦ˣ͵˸УʵúӲҹҹɵζȨζ
ֲ˶ԸѰһᣬЩǿڻ߸ҾʦԭζȻǱѰ
ֱƿţźСһǺӲˣͺһͽޱȵĴͷ޲ýԴؿڡ
ӲٺһЦϲɬķɧˡ
ִһԤ䷿סȻӲͳСŮ˹ָ
ˣ¶ǺСĵġ
ĳλ˧͹СŮѶޱȵ̧ͷ˳ӵĹȥ
ûжԸⲻԸģʱѾ֪Լˣ֪ûзء
̧ͷɲǣ۾͵صԲ촽һţ;ŵĿ˷ʧˣˣ
̧ͷһɲǣͻȻͿˣƾʧ
ƾʧϡ£ƾʧһɲǣ˺ӲޱȾֵı顣
ʧ
һøոսӲռҶ棬Գһ£û뿪
ҶӲƾʧôӲʧ֮ǰ߽ͻΪصʶ
ʲôѶѻ궼ˡ
֮֮ǰｫʹࡣ
ʱҶһ֮
Ǽʮ˵Ҷ涼ĮӣҶ滹ǳһ¡
ܹĺµã°ɡ
һŴ۾С˹ȥƾʧҲҶսռڡ
͵ǸҸŮҶתĴ½֮ٷųռ䣬¾Ϳˡ
˳ֶΪɡ
Ҷ޼ɵɱ¾ĵףվһ˿ߡ
ʲôˣ
ʲôˣ֣ռ䣬ƴʥ½ҾʦӲֵŭš
֪ľͱ㵽һԳһĿռ䣬飬ʵֲ̫ˡ
ң
ҶδռԵ޾Ĺ߳
㣿
ΪҾʦӲǷǳڼסÿһ˵ĳģ۲ǺڲһʦĻҪ
Ҷ˭Ӳ̬ȣʱޱȵţϮң
֪˭𣿡
㲻Ҫˣ
ֻҪһ仰ҾǸһ硭
飡
ӰҶһȭݺݵĺ˺Ӳϣˣвң
Ҵң㡭
ָҶָŭĺӲͻȻ侪ֵķ֣˷·һεǽһ㣬ȫ½ģֱһֱϢĸо
ǣҶȭȴܹ͸ݺݵĺա
תۼ䣬ӲһݣͱҶ˸ɸɾ
˵ʦĺܺã
ȭͷһ׹⾶ֱҶͷɳ˺ӲţֱӽӲõ˫۷ףԳԭΡ
ҶԪͳ˺Ӳ֮Уǣ
֮ҶǣطĴ߶ĥ£Ӳһͺ޹ͷĳ׷ˡ
˵ĴӣҲֻСʱѡ
ˣڣʲôشʲô߹㶮ģҶźӲȵ
ҶҶӲͷĸСһ㡣
˵㽨ƴʥͨͫģҶ涸غʵ
ԣӲһ˿ɫ龪ǻĵ˵ͷ
ʵشҲû취ѾҶ棬ȫע֮£ɵĸӦһ״̬
Ȼ˵֪ʲô֪û˵һģȴԸӦһ
Ǻƴʥҵģѯʷβܹͫ¡
Ϊ£ҵ˺þãȻָƴʥ෽÷õͫӣŮȻͺðˡ
ͫ齫ͫû뵽ͫĽеҪ
Ǽһﵱƻ˴ʥļƻ˵Ƶôʥòǰ뿪ͿɽӲ˵
쵰
ҶһžͽӲ߳ԶµĹͷѵͣ
ˣҶ֪Ϊʲôᱻԭ
֮ǰҶʹΪʲôᱻƴʥ
ĻشЩϣ˵պƴʥ֮ʱƴʥͻȻź֮ͫˮҩƻ֮󣬻֮ͱ
ԭҲ֪ʮа˾ŸʦӲйϵ
ԣҶŽʦӲΪҹĵһĿꡣ
ӲУҶ˲ף֮ԱȫΪ˱ͫ
ԭίԵ˵ǲǱǣ
Ͼƴʥɲܹܵġ
ôƴʥҪͫ⣬֪Ҷĺʵ
Һ֪һ㣡ҶߵѪĺӲæ˵
˵


1973 ոտʼı
ƴʥΪʲôһҪõͫҲֻ֪żƴʥһ䣬ͫѪ¹һ̫űӲ߷©˵
̫ű
Ҷ濴źӲͻȻЦӲĵӺܴ𣿡
С
Ҷһ߳Ӳ˫ͻȻ־֮ɫˣҴˣϡ
ˣ
ҶꪵָѾ˺ӲǣԪ͸ȥɲǣѻ
ȻӲС뽣ͨ״̬Ҷ棬ǸӦ˺ӲŻشʱһ˿΢ı仯΢ɲĽš
״̬£ʮа˾ŴźӲܶҶʲô
ԣҶûκηϻĶԺӲʩչѻ
ͬһɲǣż̵ķ·Ѫһ˺ӲڣСͨط
ӲڵѪ˲Ϣ䱻ԴԴϵĳߣȻתɾޱȵעҶڡ
ҶΪʼۿɼٶ
ӲˮСͨԽӲĳ;Ѫת
С׳ԼΪҲע뵽Ҷ֮ڡ
ĿǰСҶ棬ΪԴȵ
Сո̤ڵΪ㽫ӲȫΪ壬ΪҲǳС
Ǵ֮л˼Ͱˮһ㣬ûʲô
ע뵽Ҷ֮ڣǾͲһˣʵϵ
ߵΪͻƵ֮ÿͻһأΪ֮ǰһ
ߵΪһصǽһصıôӲصΪͨһǿߵʮ
СԽӲΪĳתԼҶΪ
֮С˺ӲΪ൱ʮһǿߵΪ
ҶΪһǰδеٶȱ
Сھͨٶȶʮ
۷ĺСΪСʱѣһصҲǼʮϢʱѡ
⻹СעҶʱܹ£óűҶ档
ҶԪ䣬ͽӲѻϡ
ҶջҶ˾ͬ˾һ㣬ɫ죬ζЩҡ
ӦüʹһҶ͵ؾ͵ֶ䣬鹬Ĺ׵Ĵ߶
֮Ҷ䣬ʶҶ鹬Сٴһոձ鹬ֿһҡ
ҶΪ˲ϢͻƵ˽ء
⻹㣬Сֻע˴ӺӲתһΪҶͻֽ֮ʣµһΪעҶڣҶϢٴ
һΣҶȾû֮ǰôֲˡ
ߵΪÿһεһصΪΪġ
֮ǰҶΪԼǽһس۷壬൱ͨĽһߡ
Сע൱߸һߵΪҶΪ˳ͻƵ˽ء
ȵҶ潫ӲΪȫע뵽Ҷ֮ҶΪϢŻ˽س۷塣
Ϣ֮Ҷ滺۾вıһʵʵ⡣
Ϊ֮Ҷ滹ûȫ£ڵһйԭ
ҶĿУǾϲ
ı
ڷŶ̶һӲʱ䣬ҶΪı
Ȼ˵Ϊֻнس۷壬ΪѾ൱ͨĽصˡ
Ҷʵ˵˶٣սԿֹ
˵ģҶ߶Ǽ鱦ʵͻɱɱ
ܹӦƵɽ֮ǰ࣬ԺҲᱧԹҶṩ̫ˡ
ͻٶȣʵǾˡ
һΣҶᵽСͨ졣
һӲʱ䣬ﵽҪʮǼʮϰܴɵ
Ҫ˵ȥҶΪ¹жпܡ
һС½ʮ£ҲֻҶܹˡ
һʮܹһλڵǿһҲǧٿŶѡ
ֵ㣬ʮŵٵǿ
ôͶ룬дջҲֵõġ
ҶͻƣʵǸոտʼ
ҶڽӲѻĹУõ鱨ɲ١
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣӲŵĻش𣬲ûƭҶ棬ֻһ̶ϵ
ƴʥΪ˵õͫȷʵΪһ̫ű̫ű˵ֻкͫѪҵ
ƴʥ֮ԶϺͫΪͫβѪǺӲй¶ġ
ƴʥѯʹӲ֪βϵ߰׺
ŵҲֱӣǺӲܹҵ鱨ǺƴʥͿԽӲ£ҸʦĴ
õŵ֮󣬺ӲͻתͿɽд̽Ѱ࣬һЩߣȷ˺ͫβѪ¡
֮󣬺ӲϢƴʥƴʥչ£˾ʦĴȴûʦĵλ˺ĳıߡ
Ӳ¡
ϢҶںͫϵһµʶ
峤Ϳ˵ͫβѪҵǺĸʥصʧ֡
ƴʥȴΪͫβѪҵһʧ̫ű
ͬģĲҲڴͫ⡣
ȻҶĿǰ֪Ĳͼıʲôʮа˾ţͫβѪйء
ǣ峤Ϳƴʥ˵Щìܡ
أǺĸʥأ˺֮⣬ûκôҲòȥġ
ôƴʥͼı̫ű϶Ǻĸʥء
ͬģĲͬĴ㣬ͼıĿ϶ҲǺĸʥء
֮ƴʥ峤Ϳ֮Уһ˵ѡ
£˵ѵˣֻ峤Ϳ
˵ͿϺ˵ͫѪµʱ򣬿϶
𰸣ҶЩͷۡ
ͫѪܹͿƴʥвĴڴ⣬Ǳ漰ν̫űɾͲˡ
£ܱҶеĻҪӣͬʱⱳҲ̺ž˵Σա
λɣأ
ҶЦһ˲شռʧ
ҹɱӲֻһССĿʼ
Ҷ淽ѻ֮ʱӲΪƴʥҼʦԺƴʥֵµЩΪм˧鱨ޱȵ˽⡣
ҶƾռǿԪ£Խǿ˲Ϣ뵽ռڡ
ֻҪ뵽ռڣųɾŵĽǿߣͳͳҶĵ⡣
ƣҶǲǾͲҶˡ
ҹҶıŸոտʼ
죬ƴʥͻյһľϲ
ӱʮ겻û££һ̶


1974 ս
һҹǰ׻ǻǰ׻ɽܰ
յÿһҹûʲôûзЩںڰһѪȵĻ
峿ĵһ⽫׻ǴӺڰд֮ռڸոճһλص˧ȫΪҶ棬˾ư㣬죬ŲЩ鸡
Ų鸡Ҷʱˮһ㣬ǴһȦҶ濴ȥӷޱȡ
Ҷ氵ԿЦ£ôҲû뵽һΪɵ̫࣬˱һӡ
һҹҶһʮλ˧ΪΪӽص˾زȡ
ҶΪҲ֮ǰɵӲΪĽأ쭵˽۷壬أֻһ֮ң
Сתע̫࣬ҶľΪѹͣѪ֮иΪ̺˺Ҷֱӱһࡣ
ҶϢʱ
ҶĿǰڰ׻ǺͰ׻ɽΧ֮ڣ֪ûĹ󷨡
ҪٱڵȻ׽ǿɾ͵ùˡ
ԣҶڵĵһҪ·֮ǰԶ
߶䣬ҶСϵڰ׻ǺͰ׻ɽĿ֮Ҷһ˲ƾʧ
ƾԶݳ׻ǷΧ֮ҶʱСè·̶̰ʱҶѾԶ׻ǽʮˡ
Ҷ沢ûͣһֱԶݳ׻ʮ֮⣬˸صĵطء
󷨷ΧԽ㣬ԽС
ǺĴķΧҲֻܸͿɽԲң绢ʲôԸǷԲʮĴ
ô󣬶ֻ֣ʻߴΧɱΪɱҶҲԴӦԡ
ף˵ֵܣһҹô
ԣϢ
һҹ֮佫Ϊ۷壬㻹òǻҶת⻮ֳ顢Ե˾ס˵ռ䣬ɻһ˾;
˵ҵġ
ҶոտЩԾһֹ֣ҶĻ
ܣøǽͣøǣˣֵ˵ȥһҹսΣʵ
ս
ҶǸһЦ
ƴʥֵµĵǿߣĿǰǵģҪҪɵǵĻʵ̫ˣɱһһѡ֮µ˧
˵䣬ҶһĨʮ߿ģһͷͳ顢Եǰ
ţʮ߸˧Ӧùƴʥһˣλɻ
һҹʮ߸˧Եһ

ȴǾƽ˧ʯ˧λǺƴʥصλ˧˵Ѿ˺ƴʥǧˡ
Ƕɱˣºƴʥٺ٣

ͬһʱ̣İ׻ǺͰ׻ɽٴαޱȵ֡
ƴʥĸۡڣƴʥǽռʮ䳡ڻХס
츳֮ͨ⣬ĴҲǷǳעأһ㣬岻ͬ
ĴڣͻƵ˵ĴɷǳҪ
һʱ֮󣬺ƴʥ羫ֽļͱͨޱȣĴúƴѾﵽ˼ޡ
ϥڵأԪƴʥڣͣĴǿŴﵽµ
һһ˿úƴʥһĪİ
ʵϵ֮
ʱ֮󣬴ϵĺƴʥŮɾ֮һɨһ䳡ſڣüͷ
ȥһ£ʦΪʲôû
ÿճʱ̣ƴʥʱϰǸĸ׺ڻڵѧġ
˾ʦӲ֮󣬺ƴʥ˲٣ӵĵӦֺͺ
һÿһεϣص˵ен档
úƴʥԾʦӲӿأѾúӲȫ롣
ЩӵദУӲÿ׼ʱڳʱǰ׼ʱִ壬ͻϽ½̡
Щ֣ʰˣӲûúƴʥͷЩ졣
ܿģȥѰҺӲ˧رԵʦ֮ۡˡ
ǾʦۡĹܼԵʦǰҹͻˣȥС檷Уǽȴһֱû𴲣ȥߴ٣ҲûκλӦ
ڸԣƴʥɫЩѿ漴ӦڸԣȥߣӦûлӦġ
ûȥƴʥʵ
²ðʦ˧
ȥƽһȥȥʦԷһڸԣǾ͸ˡ
ƴʥϺһڸ̰ͼŮɫ˴µľʦٸҲá
ǣ
´֮󣬺ƴʥͻص׼Ϊ׼ȷķ˵͡
ûԣŵ˧ͼææķ˻ʥƽ˧ϵˣ
ϵϣʲô˼ƴʥüͷٴ
ѶҲķּϵƽ˧ĸ˴ʥ˼
Ȼļȴر˵ƽ˧ˣȫڼѰ
ƽ˧ˣ
ƴʥЦһЦȴһҲЦ
صƱ˧Ȼʧ
ǾȥʯʯһȥʦӲٽƽ˸ʥʱ̫ã˹ˡƴʥȵ
ƴʥǵλ˧Щ䣬æת뿪
Ϣλ˧ٴξʧķ˻ʥˣʯ˧ҲˣļˣҲѰң
ʲôʯҲˣ
ƴʥ͵վһλسʧƴʥٱҲ׿϶ǳˣ


1975 ʥ
Ǹʵ塣
ͨĻȺУϵĻĵλǻܵϻս
ӣӡڻġ
ԣһǿߵ壬ϵ£ҲһأЩвԼλ˲ϴѹ塣
ڲϵµǿߣͬʱڴѹһǿߡ
⻰ȥìܣʵȴˡ
ڵİ׻ۣпͻƵ컯Ϊ۵ĺڻǿƴѹѾꡣ
ҩڻ
Ҳ˺ڻڵľȥʱͻƵһҪ꣬ҲҪǧ꣬ǣԪȴˡ
ҲҶܹڻɽ׵Եʡ
ͬģΪڻԪԭ򣬺ڻֵµļʥļӣҲ
ֻҪڻǵУͻһΪڻļ̳ˡ
֮УһѪд󷨡
һЩǿĴԼ֮ǰὫԼǿȫĹԼļ̳ˣԱ֤Լһǿ
Щڻɫʥͺƴʥ
ͬģڻĴͳλԼֵµĵʥõͬʱȴѹǵȨ̫вԼȨ͵λ
ΣƴʥֵȻеʮˣŴʥˣܹúƴʥβƱģЩΪûͻƵ˧
һ棬ߣϲǱ޲ʱ䴦
ԣƴʥֵµµİףȫЩ˧ɵġ
Щ˧Ҫԣɴ˿ɼһߡ
ƴʥʱ飬Ϳˡ
ƴʥ߬ɳȥ˵˧Ĳӣ߸ߵľһ
ʦʮλִ˧ȫʧˣ
㾹Ȼȫʧˣʥµִ˧ܹŶʮȻƾʧʮλ
ǱʥɵĴʧĽŪʥƴʥϺ޲һƱǰ˧
ʥǡġʡǣ˧Ǿɫ
ǰŵİ˧֮࣬׷׿飬ʥΣʥʱ࣡
࣡
뱾ʥǰ𣿡ƴʥһҹ֮ʧʮλ˧Ҫø֪ˣøôң
һʱ䣬ֻʣºƴʥȴԽԽͣ󻯳һε
飡
ҵ뼸λæЭ飡
⣬һЩʵѡͳʧʮλִ˧飬ҵ֮ǰ˹
һʱ䣬ƴʥһֽͷöĸо
Ҫǣʧʮλִ˧һ
ԴˣƴʥҲûġ
һ죬ƴʥûͣϢ͸Ϊִ˧ʧµĻңһæͷǡ
Ϣȴһ³
ʧľʦʮλִ˧ǻתԼĸǱӣȻƾʧģûһ˿һĺۼ
Уúƴʥһа
һ죬ƴʥִŮˣͳʮˣ
ҹĻٴν١
ʮ֮ɽֵص׵һ㳾صռڣҶһ죬һ
ʱռ˰ʱ䣬൱졣
ʱڣҶ潫֮䵽ڽѪеͳͳգͻָ˵
ҶΪҲӽ۷ͻƵ˽ء
õʱ䣬һһҹѡ
ȥԵĺš
ŵҶʵ
Ҷͻƽһʱͨһǿߵʮ֮ÿһͻƣҶСһȴͨǿߵʮ
ͨһǿߵĻһҶڽһصĻȴʮ
ȻʱһһһΪΪʮΪʮ
ɱȥ߽ͨʱֵʮҶ棬ȴٶʮ
֮ͨĽߵΪǽһǿߵʮҶͻƵ֮Ϊȴͨһǿߵٶʮ
ٶʮ
ǽصǿߵΪҲֻͨһǿߵĶʮѡ
֮һĽǿߣҶĿǰΪѾ൱ڽسڵǿߡ
ͻƣʵ̫ˡ
Ȼ˵ֻΪҶսûٶʮǣҹҶ滹ƴʥһ㾪ϲ
˵Ҷڱ˵Ҷ汬ǵʵҶޱȵš
ƴʥһļ䣬Ҷ涼˼뿪׻ˡ
ԼŮˣԼֵܣҶһն˶޷Լ
׻ɽܱߣƴʥµ˧ͼλǿߣɿĸۡѰſɵЩ˧ʧǰĸۡһͷ˿ԸŹ
׻ڣҲһֽŵա
ʮ߸˧ƾʧĴ£סġ
ҲΪԭ򣬺ƴʥֵ½Щ˧£ӵСġ
ãһ£һ¡
׻׸߿еޱƲ֮У͡Сèϣ˶Ķ䲻ͣĳ鶯ţҶṩ鱨֧֡
ˣ㶫ʮλƴʥֵµ˧ҹʧٵִ˧ļˡ
һˣʵûеĵڰ֮⡣ҪֵĻһʱ䣡
ã
һҶڵصһ㴩ţܿ͵ִĿĵء
λƴʥֵµ˧һλʧ˧ȹƵ
˵֮ȥУ⼸ʲôˣ
ʵ㣬ҪȻ
ںʵ˧ͻȻһ͵ؿ˵档
ҲĿ⿴ȥɲǣĿĽⶸشӵص׳
̳ɲǣһΪѸޱȵĴɲ̽ͬһɲǣĿɫ⣬ʹ˵ͷѴѵɫ·ͷһλ˧塣
˵ľɲǣλһԵ˧ȵľѪϢʧ˸һɶ˲ϢͱƤá
صɲǣͱ˲֪İ׹ǡ
⡢ɫһɲʧһɶ
ʱ򣬱ѶһŷʾķѶҹһƽİ׻׻ɽͻȻ
Ϣ֮󣬵õϢĺƴʥһƱɫĿԵγˮ
ľ뽣⣬Ψһ
ȺƴʥϸĲ쿴λ˧µǣ⣬Ѷٴγ
дľѶ䵽˺ƴʥС
һۣƴʥ۽ǣ˲ըѷѪ
˧
˭˭ԣ
һɲǣһöкɫͻƳ𣬡ʥʥ׻ܱߣʥԱʱս״̬


1976 ƾͼ
źƴʥĴʥ˷ֻ⣬ûãһͷ·һ㣬Ӱ׻ǡ׻ɽ˷𣬷˺ƴʥķ
ͬһʱ䣬׻ɽɽһƵĸ֮ۡУһòΰӣ̸š
һĶŵʿǻ۵Ĺâʥµĵһıʿңպͬ壬ʥѾꡣ
һˣȴһ뷢ߣһϢ¶Ͷ䣬·ܴһ㡣
ʥµĵѣǿߡ
ãȻһеķ˴ʥȴ涼Ҫˡ
˵ţʥĿ⿴ıʿҺ˵ţǳȥһѣ̫
΢΢һЦȴŻشһǰĲˮǾͿʥõʲôˣ
õʲô
ƴʥֻ꣬Ǵֻͣ׻ǵģֻǲʧȥʲô˵
ꣿʥЦҰԴҲɣͣ׻ǵģҶҪıʥźֵ
ıĿǰԣҽʥǸۻĺá
ʥüͷղԣȡʲô
ȡʲô֮ǰȷԼûǸաĿǰԣǣǺƴʥ˵˭ûи
ɼƴʥˣ򵥡ԣǻǾ̬չĺá
Ϊ´ʥĴ˽ĵӰ죬ʥ̬ɳһάְ׻ǵͬʱְдԴӦ䡣˵
ã
壬¾Ƚ׼ˡ
ͬһɲǣڻڣʥİ׻ɽϿգյ鱨Ҫرڻ
ڻ޹Žţӵõ֮󣬺ڻͿʼűչء
գʥе鱨۵һö򣬽Źŵ̡
ְڣѾˡ
ͬһɲǣͬڰ׻ɽڰ֮ĳ໢ڣһ۵Ŀ·ܹһĿŰ׻ǵķ
ڻҵСƺҪ°Ҳãºðǰ׻ǵˣ˵ܻˡ

裬ڻܱߵİ׻ɽڣնرޱȽš
ǣջҪصģȴǺƴʥ
Ϊ̶̰ӵĹһϢɳȥ˧˱ɱ
̶̰ʱµ˧ͱɵλ
䱾ܹƴʥɳȥ˧Ϊ˧ʱʧλúƴʥʹ֮ʣŭޱȡ
Ϣ֮󣬺ƴʥֵµľ񣬾һãƴʥĺģ˴¡
ʥƴֻŴʥ˧֣Ѱҵ׼ȷޱȣӦй˵ͨ
ǣǲƾͼأƴʥºųǽĵĮ
ôƾͼƷ

ص׶һеҶ棬вͣĴ͡ʩչֱͨǸֳһ˿ĮȻЦ
һ罭ӵҶܱߺɨصϸ΢ĽӶԷ֣ȴ޷ֶ֮еҶ档
Ҷڷֵһµ
֮ǰҶȻޱȣȴα˴ӶݷбƳα֡
ڣСΪͻƵСʵı仯ע֮УСͻΪһ壬ûκ
ҶСһ壬ҶȶСķСںϽ֮У֮£ͱ÷ǳĸ
Ϊǿǿκ쳣ġ
Ҷƣ¾Ǵ˾ɹʱҲֲ
ڣҶֻǶڵصʮ֮УٵССɨȴһ˷Ĵڡ
Ŵ͡˵ϣҶٺЦһƾͼƣϲ
֮ҶϢĶεһõĵصס
У˧ڲͣĲЩ׻ǵĳ¼ܱվļ˧ȴٴУһСģ
ϸ۲Ļͻῴ¼˧ڲͣķţĿ⣬ȴǼ¼һ˿һͣ
ڴͬʱڵص׵Ҷ棬Ǹһ˿Цݡ
һɲǣĿĽɫ⻪شӵص׳ɫ⻪Ĳסλ˧°޷
ĿĽޱɭϢһǻҪ
Ϯ˧ɲǣֲޱȰ纣ĵϢ˷
ϢֵɲǣȴŽλ˧Ǹչͨ
һһ𣬿ֲɢ˷˷ĿռͬʱˣֹҶƿߵĿܡ
һгǧ׳ɫն˲Ϣնǧٵ˷ķԲʮأʱͱ⵶ն
˸䣬ڵķԲʮĵ棬һʯͷһǹµһ
˷ɫĵ˸ţµΧģɫİΧ£˵ˣһ˿һϢҲй¶ȥ
ͬһɲǣƴʥŭĺԶ쳹⣬ҸʥԣһڱʥʥҪãܣ
ΧҶ棬ȴûκξɫ·Χ˲һ㣬ޱȵĽеĽݺݵĹϢ˧ظ䡣
һմȾѪĽ⣬˧Ƴ
ɱһ˧


1977 մʥ
Ҷ潫Ϣ˧Դɷʱ򣬺ƴʥʹһƱ˳˹
˰죬ԭڸ£ȳĺƴʥµǽĮһֻӰɱҶ档
ţ
ƴʥиèϷһĲ̺Ϸʣزˣˣ棡
ʥթ̱֮ƹ
һᣡƴʥʮָʶţȰȰȵĿµĹǽڱңʥҪ
ۿźƴʥҪ֣ҶȴٺٺٵĹЦ
ʥͲ֪˭ΪʲôҪרźԣҹ֮ڣɱĶʮλ˧ޣԣӦǶʮλһҶֽеʬƵһߡ
˭
ƴʥЦ˭ڲ֪Ϊò˶ãҾͻȫ֪
˱ʥ˵һССĽǵҲж˵٣
ʥⱲӶڸʥԣ
ڣ
ҶǶظһ˿ЦҿѾûǸˣǴʥ㣬ڵĿԣܴ󣡡
һƴʥɫһ䣬һֵɲǣҶȴһɣӵеǱƷĳ
ҲΪҶõֻƷĳԷҶϢλ˧ֻնɱһλ
ҪǻҶõɽҶڿṩΪֻһ˲䣬ͿԸɵλ˧ô鷳
һҶ涪ǺƴʥǻĮԼܱ߰ΧҶĵ鶼һ
£Ҷӵֿûκ壡
Ϊʲôֿأ
ãйŹ֣ǽĮӦ죬һΣûеȺƴʥͬ⣬Ҷ档
Ҳڴʱһɫ𶸵شҶڿ˲ϢͽҶӰճޡ


ҶֱӽԼճޣƴʥ뻢Įͬʱƴʥɫ˲Ϣͱúס
ò׷Ʋߣƾͼƣµ˧ֳնֱɳȵĵбյϹ
ԭΪǳɹˣѾɹ͵ϮϹҳɹΧ
û뵽תۼƾ䡣
ĵˣȻֻһúƴʥƵֱѪ
ƴʥ֮ʣµͷǽĮĿһ鶸رޱȣʥĴʥʱأ
ʥ
ƴʥһаλ˧￴Ҿָӡ
һǽĮɫһ䣬ʥûµ򣿡
ȫɵߣ
ã
ǽĮشһ죬شʥ
ôƴʥһʱ仹ЩûӦ
ʥԻȻʶСӵĽƻʮа˾Żк֣
ǽĮٶȽһ䣬ƴʥ˲ϢͷӦ˹һ֣ʹһƱ˸ŻĮ˷Ĺµ˳ȥ
ոճȥɲǣһѤõɫʹƴʥĴʥʧ
󣬲ҰɫɫĻ棬˲ϢʥһƬ𺣣˺۵Ĳҽʱ쳹
ʱƴʥˣһҧǿ졣
쵰ɱģҪǱץˣһҪʬϰ
ŭĳХУĸʱ䣬ƴʥͳ嵽ԼĴʥǰ
ոոϵʥһմȾһɫصʹӴʥ˳ŸϹĺƴʥʹ
ʥˣ
ʥͻȻһˣ䣬ͽλ˧ɱ˸⣬Ȼ󣬾ͻ˴ʥ
˵ţͻȻ䷢һҽУȴմȾϵŲɫ˲Ϣֱӽճһѻң
ɫĻ棬ҶĸǶĸǶ棬ǿ߶ҪɵĶ档
һѻܹͨĽǿճɻҵĶ档
һصմȾһ㶾֮һ㸽Ƕ˲ϢѪȼ棬Ȼͱɱˡ

һ
Ȼ𣡡ŻĴʥƴʥǰһķڡ
ⶼʲô°Ϊֹʮ꾫Ӣ˧ȴ˭֪
ҪǣĴʥҲˡ
ֱ͸˵һĶûκ
Ƕ⣬ǵл˳ġ
ƴʥΪԻ˵ЦǾͽְǹǳɻңҲ޷ϴȥݳ衣
ƣǻһ˸ۡĴʥ
ΪΪߣ
ʱʹٺޣҲֻܾȻ
ҵǣ԰׻֮ΪԵĻҲǲ١
Ǻڻһ壬ͬʱ׻֮ˮԣټ򵥲
üλǿۼ֮£ˮͻˮ飬ŴʥۡڵȼյĻȥ
ˮȥʱٴδסˡ
ˮȥǻ澹ȻǣǻϽһٴƴǡ
ǲҰɫĻ滹ãһǿˮһ룬ǲɫĻںˮ˻֮£ڻⶸر
שľʯյİȰȱѵͣҶĸǶ汾¶ߣһϽ֮£ʥʱɷ棡
СģɫĻи֮ܣƷ׺ܸߣˮϵһԪˮˮԡǽĮȵ
ʵǽĮѣˮĵҲˡ
£ɫޱɢſֲϢˮ·ĻһȼյĲɫ֮ϣǸǶ⽥͡
ҶĸǶȻЩǿǿƷĸߵˮѹ֮£ǽϨ
ǱˣʥȴյһͿ
ȾգپƷʵһξشˮǰǰ½½ϰ꣬˲˿ռ۵󷨣ִӸɹ;ｨĴʥǱ޼̤һ˷еķ档
ʱӸ߿տȥڴдİ׻ɽϱߣ˷ĺƴʥǰ׻ɽϵһŧһ㣬ª˼㡣
ںƴʥ˷ĺƴʥڣȴǳһ㣬Ķ˻ĳϡ
֪պҪѶٴۣٹѫϴˢݳ衣
һ£ڸڻдӰĿܣƴʥؿһƣҵУһѪشӺƴʥп
ףܣôˣƴʥѪʱʥһƱ˴ԶϹ
ǹģеЦ⣬ٷ
ʥʱȫң
ڴ֮ǰҲû뵽ԸľܺƣȻᱻӳ
ʥ˰
˰˿ûʲô
ҿûǰ֡
Ҳʥӵĺ棬ܣһλʲôĴڣ
ܣ״ҪҪΪְæʥٴһ䡣
ƴʥûϹʥǵѪһǸ꣬ᰲģ


1978 㳲
ƴʥĴʥգ£ȴǺƴʥԸžžڻ֮УӰ켫
Ǻƴʥ汻ȵ˷˻ڵЦڻһҲ޹⣬ӵĳ˻ڵЦ
ҲΪԭʥżĸ˹̬
֮ǰƴʥµ˧ɱļɹʥԲܣǺƴʥĴʥ³ˣʥûʲô̬ȵĻһڻأ˶ѼҵĺƴʥȻд鷳µʥҲòȥ
ʥڻ·ŵĴʥֻҪ˻ǵõһϢģڵĶԴ˹ˣڵģҲɳԼĵ¡
˲Ϣ䣬úƴʥĴʥ£˼¼
̶̰ӵĹѾɷĺƴʥĴʥϿգ;ۼ˽ٵŴʥʮ
ִƺڻȴʥѪӰʥҲ˹
ʥĿǰںڻ޷ǰֻµĵִƻѪӰʥԵ
ͬһʱ̣ڻ޹ſڣʥ飬ٴ¼һ򣬳˹ǰ
һߣٵʮλŴʥһһɫЩѿ
һķŴʥĴʥ˾Ͱˡ
ǺƴʥƫƫǺڻĵϵѪδĺڻλͼ̳ߡ
ƴʥĴʥգڴڻһԣǽضʾ
£һưոݣҪҲǺڻһΪЦ
ңȸأкȥ
ʥͺƴʥǺڻλߣƴʥ˸ɵĻͷֻܺĬţʥ﷢ˡ
ңƴʥʥҲС
˸ңɨأǲڶʱҳߣǺֹɨأѹɨˡ
ԼԲֻܳĬţȽʥһɴʥҳ˵
ã£ҵȫʥţڻ֮һѪӰʥˣʥȻһƬӡ
ޱȵĽƻ֮ǰܵؼ׻ɽΧ߼ٽƻҲûԶ
Ȼλʥǲɱʥһ޵ߴȻƤǣѩ˳ܣΣ
ʥһڣڻһһڴʥ׷׿ͬ⣬ûһԵġ
£ʥҾʦԽ֮󣬾ͶһԵķ
ңʹ±ԣʥܹ߸ôȺڻأƾ£ܹʥȼӷ֡
һ£ʥȼӷ֣ƴʥȼӷ֣һһ֮䣬δĺڻλƫ˭Ѿ
ԣ׷¿ʼʥͿʼȫ
ʦµķԼ򵥶ЧַΧ
ɳһӼٶȵĻ̵ʱϸܱ֮⣬Էѡ
Ȼ㻮°ΧȦһѰ߾ǲҲӡ
ʥļƻոնʱһʥͻȻԳ˱壬һֻͨɫݵľ޻
һŭ𣬿ռ䷺΢΢ʹʧ
Ϣ֮ɫ޻ٴγǰִʧһظ֮ɫ޻ٴλΣתʥǰ
ʥʥľѾʮλֱ͵֮ǴʱѾ˴󣬿ʼ̲й˵ȡ
ãˣ
ûʱһɫ޻ǰȴǽʮλ͵ʮ֮⣬ҲѲ
ʱĹ԰׻ΪĵķԲͲ޵
佫ϢȫҶʱҶ治ɵð
ոջ˴ʥͽСèӻռ䣬ҪȻ鷳ˡ
ҶǼʶ˻ϵĵ̵Ŀֲ
ֻЩľ޿ռĶڣ˲ϢƿԶݰ
ڻ壬Ҷ쿴Ŀ˲ϢԶݰĴڣͳλ
ֿ˲Զݰĸ֣һɶսԼĴڡ
Ҷ淽Ųûм뿪ҪȻ˵ͻᱻ¸š
ȻΧңǾΧˣҵõ˵
ЦУҶ潫ռڣȥ֮ǰҶӸ˴һƿҩмʮ
ɵĲú
˵ʵҶܹմʥӹΰ
Ϊʩչͨ˺ƴʥһ˲ִټ䶨µնƻȻҶŴ󵨳մʥ
˵֮ǰϮʮһλ˧ʱ͡Ҷ׼ȷָ˷λ͸ֵĶ
ֱͨԽԽ˳֣ͻȻ䣬ҶЩףһΪʲôᱻˡ
ӵǿޱȵսԸͨһ壬ԼòҲõ
£ս̫ǿһ岻Ź֡
ҶѾ⣬ͨպҪⱩ¶
ҲڴʱΧȦ֮һλλڻһķŴʥżλΪǿĵ糱ˮһɢ˷·ɸһ㿪ʼϸϸѰÿһء
Щ纣֮ǰҶͻһ⣬Сһ֮ڡ
ɨûһ˿һͣ


1979 ͬĵ
ƴʥĴʥһϵصĺֱӵԭ򣬾׻ⱻġ
е̶ӺԱֻ׼׼
ʱ䣬ð׻ԹصҲλһǳĲ
Ȼȴûָڻһ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣڻһҲ͵ڻԼˡ
һǳìܵ壬ڲϣأһⲿѹȴֻ˲һ¶⣬ʱ
вһҲǰġ
ںڻһĴ£ľ䶼Ρ
ٵĴʥ˧ϸϸ̲Ѱκο֮
ܿģǰȴƾʧҶһˣܵ˹ע
ʥһ˾̲鵽˳üüϡ
üԴ˵ĺܼ򵥣ǿһͷӢ䲻аˣص׻֮Ǿͷֱˡ
һ㣬Ҳõ˵֤ʵʥƴʥһˣҲֻա
˵ûƾʵݣƾʵݣֻҪǻüԳ֣Ҳó໢Ůûʲô취
Ҵʥģ϶Ҷйأӳ໢Ļ뿪ƴʥһĺ⡣
ܣôȷʥЩ棡
ֱ
֣ƴʥʱʥ䲼ȫҶһ˵μҶַȥܹṩߣƷʯһ飬ܴҵߣƷʯ飡
Źޱȵĺƴʥʥ΢΢ۡ
ƴʥʱζҪըˡ
ΪѾȷߣʮа˾žҶ档
ҶĶҲܼ򵥣Ϊ
Ѻ֮Ȼƴʥ֪ô££ǿ
ΨһģҶһ۷ļһʵնɱô˧
϶ͬ϶ͬ
Ƿһҹĺƴʥ˲Ϣþٱɱ졣
֮ǰûĿ꣬Ŀ꣬ǾͲһˡ
һʱ֮Ҷͱ˰׻ǵĴСѲĵʥ˧ȫһҶ
бˣһµļĿ
Ǿǽƻü飬ÿ˵沿Ҫһһɨ䡢ȷǼӳ˻߽йαװ֮󣬲ŻС
˭Ҳ֪ǣڵһѰҶߣȴûһ㣬غ֮󣬳СμԤ£ҶֱӶʱռ
ȰʱҶռʱҶѾʱռǱʱ䡣
Ϊȶڽس۷塣
ҶϽϮɱƴʥʮλ˧ʱȴǰһҪִٵĶ࣬Ͼĵһھ͸ϵˡ
ҶеԭǣСܹתͽܶ١
Ȼ˵ɱʮλ˧תȴǰһҪٵĶࡣ
Ҫǣǰһ죬ҶΪһصʱһλ߰˧ΪܹҶΪһء
ҶڵΪһߵΪѾôˡ
Ҷɽ۷ߵҶΪдȵ
ܿģҶܹС۾ǵͨ
Ǻǣ湻ģǽ̫ͨ磬Ҳܹ׽סң
ȻͨҾȱʱ䣡׷һ£Ҿһ£׷£Ҿ£׷һ꣬Ҿһ꣬ٺ٣
ҲҶ£ҶԸǵԴɳ֮Ҷռڣʹ˴ʳˮ
ԴЩɱʥĴָһȫҶУĲ˵ʯûκģοҶﱾв١
Сһ㣬СĶţʲôĻϵңһҶ»תʱռ
ҲڴʱСͻȻ״ˣиҲÿһ
ޣʲôҶʵ
һǰ̹ӣҶһСͽ׻һҶߣлҶǰ
׻ľʥ̫Ϳκ׳λӦþ׷ɱԵλ׹źֵµĺʥʥ۴ʥ
ʱĵŸΧס
ǾȻ׷ˣеҪ찡ҶЩȻ
ҶԤУʥǣҪ嵽ʮʱ׷׻ڣԤҡ
ʵϣҶ浽׻ǣҲʱ䡣
˵ҶСǿߣЩǿߵʵҶеҪǿĶࡣ
Ϊ۾ҶԼԿʥͿʯʥ۴ʥƺԻֳֵͨȽϸȤ
Сܲ취˵ʲôҶͷһ
״ˣ˵ʲôǱȽ鷳ǷֵĿԷǳ󡣡С˵
㾯䣬ôҶС˷쿴һȷʱûǿĵ⡣
һͽ͡ռ˳
ţ͡ڸʲô򣬾˴Լһǧ
͡޷СӾֻҪҶָһʱԴ
һ˵ʱ򣬲߲ݵ׷ѰҶĺƴʥѾ˹
һֱôԸԣʥܬAƴʥǲģǺ̫Ϳƴʥȴǲܲ⡣
Ϳ໢ǧ꣬ڣպ
һ̵ĺ֮˾ͽ⡣
֪Ϳϴкָ̣ƴʥͿ⣬Ǻģǳ໢ţǿɾеͷˡ
ʥ⼸췢ڰ׻ǵ飬Ѿ֪ˣϷ˵ǣŹͬĵˣ룬ǿԺͿ˵
ͬĵˣƴʥһĲ⡣
ûҶ棡
ͬ飬һӣһͷʯʥ˵
һŮˣʥܬAĲһ䡣

ƴʥЩɻ󣬡ô
֪ƴʥɵ飬ʲôͿʵ
ȻǽҵĴʥǸҶʬϣƴʥ
ͺðˡ
̫ͿƴЦôҵ֮Ҷ棬ʥãˣ͹Ǵÿɺã
ǸӺͷǴáʯʥ۴ʥͬʱ
ǸŮ˺ͫǣʥߺ
ͿĿ⿴˾ʥܬAʥͫĻԼǷЧþųϺ֪
ʥܬAһˣУͫ롭
ʥ֮ҵͿȰ
ż۵ĺƴʥȴЦǵǺô㣬ǣʥɳϰٵ׷ѰһһҹһûУǾúôҲҵӵ˵ɣ
ԣ̫һţֻҪʥӦطҵǵĲ֮
ô˵ƴʥĿⶸرϲޱȣģ
Ȼģʯʥ۴ʥͬʱЦ


1980 Ѫ
ܹﱾʥ׷ٵҶǸӣһж˵ʥֻҪҶǸӣһŲȡûٿǣƴʥ˾
Ŵʥкڻµɱ֮緶һȻ鴫Ȼʥû⣬Ҳû⣡
̫ͿɫһƨúƴʥΪãҸһƮƮȻĸо
Ϳ˭
໢ǧĴʦ໢һӻۺʵڶĴڡ
ܱһӵ顣
ǾͿǵıˣƴʥڳһʩչֶεӡ
һɲǣͿʥ塢һڵĿ⣬㶼Է׹źµʯʥ۴ʥ
ʯʥǿ۴ʥ
۴ʥ˼˶ĹЦȻɣҵС
۴ʥͻȻһΣһī۾ȴȺѪָСĺӣͻȻ˳
ǣָﳤֻ۾
ӣ
һ·ӾһĿشָз
һԵʯʥ׼ʯɫεķסԣ˾ûôùˡ
һĿУеǿߵξһΣһԪֱĸо
ΪߵĺƴʥͿʥ˻ãΪһĵǣУ׷亹죬һּ˹һĿ⣬ָС۹
ͬһɲǣĴ䣬ͻȻ;ҵĲƶ亹˲Ϣʪһ˲ϢͱñֽҪ԰ס
ôˣǺӵ⣿ҶɫǴ䣬͡⻹ǵһʩչͨʱˡ
Ѫޣû뵽һͷ亹Ĵ仺۾
ѪޣһѪУһǣʱһҪСġ
һֱҴû⣬û뵽ȴǼʶˡ
˵꣬͡ĴٴɶȻʩչͨ
ȻΣգǾͲҪˡҶæֹ
ˣΣգҪҪѪ޵ʵԺֿǣŻаա
ңǴʱ׷֮ƺܲһ㣬Ҫ˵
СģҶ涣һ䣬Ҳٴ
ֻСĹӾʹܵõһ鱨
ҲһʱڣЩΪһһ˹һ㣬Զ۴ʥ׷ѧʯʥһʶ
ҪǱǹֺм£궼Ҫзˣвɣһ겻ȣٲҪһʱָܻ
ƴʥѪۺȴĿ¶⣬ûпĻӦþǴ˵пԱ¡ѰĻѪޣ
۴ʥЦźƴʥһĴָ
ⱦѰĻʱ㲻ڴ˽磬Ҳҳµķλ׷ѰʱȴҪһ۴ʥŪָϵѪޣȴǶź̫Ϳ˵ġ
ͬһɲǣһ仰Ҷ棬ȴһ
㲻ڴ˽磬ҲҳµķλҶǱ۴ʥ仰ŵġ
磬׷طе׷طֻһ֮׷١
һ׷ٵĶȥһԳһС磬׷طͻʧЧ
ǰ۴ʥԣѪ޵ǾͷǳĿֲˡ
ڴͬʱ̫Ϳȴ΢΢һЦóһСݸ۴ʥںͫԺＫܣһɨѰ鷢Ƥмס΢ɲëǧöɶ׷ѰĻ㹻ѪʩչѰĻطǧˡ
ǸСҶͫ˼£һɶӽŵֱš
ʣҶҲ֪̫˵ģġ
ҶһںͫԺڣǰǰס˺ü죬ɱ鷢Ƥм¡
ʱҶҲûⷽ룬û뵽ھȻ׷ԼĻ
ã
¸¸µЦУ۴ʥСĴӰгһ鷢ȻյѪǰ
ѪһѪɫ⣬Ǹ鷢һɲǣֻѪۣͬʱ˴ĿѪ⡣
ͬһɲǣʱռĺͫȻһսü
ôˣһֱעҶæʵ
ûʲôͻȻһĪĺ⣬ʲôһ㡣ͫü
ͬһɲǣ׻۴ʥָϵѪͻȻХһĵѪиͶһѪ⡣
Ѫ·һ㣬ֱͶ˷תۼ԰׻ɽɽΪģһѪݵľ޴Χ
ţ
۴ʥɫһ䣬ٴȡһƤмιѪޣﷺֵߴ֮⡣
Ѫ̳ǿƤм֮ʱͬһռڵ飬͵ᰡһ
䣡
ҸоҲǱʲôһ㡣龪
ռڣ顢ͫǧ̵һľ㵡
õģǺƴʥ׷ǵ䡣ҶһİҶ飬ȴǱޱȵء
ΪصĵطѪ޸ղŻ˷ԲǧķΧ֮ڡ
ҲڴʱһƤмѪޣĿٴĵѪ⡣
ĵѪ⣬ûָһ򣬶֮ǰһһԲǧľ޴ѪⷶΧ
һѰĻʱѪⷶΧû̫Ĳ
˾һڴĶ۴ʥ۴ʥûмſڣȡһСԼСϸһѪ⣬ιѪ֮Żڡ
ҼҵСղŸңѰѰҵģһˣǣѰĻķΧȴص
˵Ҫҵˣһ𣬶ҾڷŻǧﷶΧ֮ڣ۴ʥ˵
ܣ
ƴʥ׻ɽͰ׻ܱߣصѲ鷶Χ˵ǧǷԲǵĴʥ͵Ԫɨʮˡ
ûκ˿ǿ²ܣ
ûʲôܵģ
۴ʥЦûҵǣԭģҼСʩչѰĻطʱʱֻѪ۵Ѫ⣬غһֱָǲĵص㡣
ڣȴֻǻһǧ﷽ԲĴ·ΧǾֻһܣ
ʲôܣƴʥʵ
ҪҵˣԳһС֮УƷײ͵ȫ磡
ҪȻҼҵСҼҵСķΧܹСң
ȫԳһ磿ƴʥüͷôң
ȫԳһС磬ҲһʯͷҲһɳҲһˮضʵΪеģ
ñķԪһ·𵴹ȥԿԽΣ۴ʥ
⣬ҽǴһȦǿ׽۴ʥ
Ÿʲô֪ͨˣжƴʥŭ
ص׵Ҷ棬˲ϢһͷƤĸо


1981 һ
Ѫޣ
׻ǶʣõŻѻرʥЩӡ
һǿ̤ȥˣѪ֮ټôһλ벽컯Ҳֲ˺ðɣ
֣ܿͻᱻ׽ס
˵ʥЦҲǺ£ץ֣һȸأ˵ҪѵǱʥҲҪԸĹ䡣
£
ʥĵһıʿǸͬһ˿ЦֱץүǺ£ԣȴδǺ¡
ʥ˺壬˼ײ
үץס֣ʵһˣֻ֮ǰЩ۰ˡ
ԣܵ䣬ѵϼ䣬ڸòϼֻ꣬Ҫһִĵ飬µӰͿˡ
ǣ׽סģֻѹ׽סǶүԣӰɾʹˡ
£λϣޱãֱӱϳ׻ɽԶ߽ԶҲ޷طȨġʦ˵
ǰһ㣬ʥҲ֪ģ£ôأżȻԣ¹ҺڻһĴϣҲ˴ֵķˮǸʶҵӰ죬»ȶ˵ӡʥ̾
ԣʦȻĵ˵ͷ
ҲΪˣ޼ƿʩ
崫ô꣬ڲĵߣȴһֱޱȵķ
ڶôԣ˭˽ͨУѱ棬һ֣ǿȥ߽ĻᶼûС
ǣһΡ
ȫϰɣȥעȫ򲻿ͽƴ߼ȻܹϢĸɵô˧˵ͻвʵʥԵ
ѴӦõ

ҶߵΣЩԷԲǧΪΧڿʼĵԪ֮𵴷ΧڵһпʼͱޱȵĽš
ǧķΧȻ󣬵ϰٵʮλʥԣѹʲôǵԪ֮˲ϢͿ𵴹ʮﷶΧ
ͨԪѰҶֻҪСʵľ֮У˭Ҳ޷֡
ǰ벽컯ˣҶ涼ġ
ԪͣĵطǾͲһˡ
ҶǻɳһɳôɳӣɫȫһģһΨһ𣬾ˡ
ɳ֮ɳֹǰ벽컯Ҳ޷׼ȷҳһڲͬɳӡ
Ԫ𵴲һڲһĶ֮ʱͻֲᷢ
һɳɳӳһģһĻľм۾𣬵ǽץȻӳȥڲһľмͻᱻ֡
ҶĿǰݷСĲľ֮У
ԭַǷǳȫģܱ֡
Ԫ𵴣ֱƴʥǲǲ֪
شģֱ޷ȷΧĻѹù
㲻֪߶Ҳǧ֮ڣҲʮ֮⡣
ܷϴĹ˷ԲʮĿռ䣬ֶڷԲʮ֮أ
Ǻƴʥ֮ǰûԭ򣬱ľ޴
ǸѪ޳֮ȷ˷ΧԪһ𵴹ȥֱͱ÷ǳЧ
ֻҪӰΧȦƽͻһƵҶҶ޴ɶݡ
ҶĿǰΨһ·ߣŵصݣϾЩԪ𵴣ڵص𵴵ȣҲ޵ġ
ҶֻҪصףܹǵԪ̽ص׵ȣȻ뿪ΧȦҲʱȫ
ҶĿǰ£Ψһһֿѵķ
ʱ䲻ˣҶڵһʱ䣬ŵصȥ
Ҳڴʱ۴ʥָϵѪĿĵѪ⣬ͻȻ΢Ļζһ£۴ʥɫʱ䡣
ʥע⣬׷Ķƶ
ƴʥʥһ˿۴ʥʱ۴ʥѸóһ鷢ٴιѪޡ
ѪѪٴαãһΣռڵǧͻȻһҲĪ۾˵ǰ顢ͫͬĻ
ͬʱѪĵѪ⣬ͻȻһǰѰʱѪûĳ̶ȸˡ
仯ûʲôʹѪ޵۴ʥжţһ˿ϲɫ
λʥע⣬׷ĶĿǰڵصףŵصȥ
֪ͨλ׷ĴʥԪܶصס۴ʥȵ
ڵصףƴʥǶظһ˿ȥˣ۴ʥ˵ִС
ڵصףô˵һƶͼ룬˵Ѿ֪׷ڻͳѪӰʥͻȻ俪ڣüЩġ
ʥģ
۴ʥٴЦСӣӲǵģĻ֮㹻Ҽҵı׷ǧΡÿʮϢҼұ׷ѰһΣ޴ӡ
Ƶܲٿ㣬ʮϢ㹻СӶݳüˡѪӰʥü
û취ٿˣҪȻС̫硣һ˵۴ʥһ߳ĸѪޣһִԼ첲ϸһϸ⣬ιѪޡ
ͬһɲǣӦѰĴǿߵԪͻȻŵص뿪Ҷ飬ͱޱѿ
Ҷص֮Ѿʧˣ
Ҷһ˫Уת
Ϥ˶֪Ҷȫ˼Բߡ
Ҷһ䡣


1982 Ԩ
˵ʵ棬֣
ҶźԸһٶλʮλͨʥԼпԴԴϵĴӰ׻ǺͰ׻ɽɱĵ
ٶԸҲ޷Ҷӳ졣
һ̣Ҷļˡ
Դһһתǰǰռ鱨׻ǡ׻ɽܱ߰ĵͼȵȣԼҶԼԶõȫֳͼҳһ·
һ˲ĹҶҳ˺üܵӳķ
һɵǸѪޣֻǿСèʵǿͻƷСèٶȣӦÿ˦´󲿷ĵ
ǣ⼸ַҶ涼ûʮİա
ǰҶܻðգΪҶһˣԻƴ
ڣҶȴҡ
ҶԼѪʮ㣬ƴռڵĺͫȴҶðա
ҶҪһһʧ˵ǰķ
ãҲҪͫһ·
ԴɸתţһҶԺлۡ
ϱı
ӲӲʵ˲õķ
սʵǴӵڲơ
Ŀǰ׷ɱҶĵһΪĲƴʥʥͿʯʥ۴ʥ
˺ṴĶǣοĲڲͬĸ֡
Ҷģһпܹõìܡ
˼˼ϢĻ˵пɹõìҵ˲٣ҶĻ˷ĿìܣȴּûС
һ鱨ԺӹҶעͻȻͷŵ˽µĵ巽ʥϡ
ʥ׷ɱҶûжٹϵǣȴƴʥ޷͵ìܡ
ؼͿҶˣ
߶䣬Ҷһ߿˼һص׵ͬʱһʥһ˵ķӽ
Ҷصǧ֮󣬵صѾ̺űŰҽ
ⱩŰĻصǧشĿֲѹҶصٶԽԽ
ѹͱŰĻ˶иŵġ
صǧ֮ЩǼλʥԪҪȥ÷ǳѡ
ǿȥҲ÷ǳľ޴һԪ𵴣ѹ޷־á
ֻһóݷݵĵصѰҶ档
ǵĶݷҶݱǲ˵㣬ܵѹ
Ҷص׵ٶȺͷΧȵСԼֻ֮һĵܹص׷ѰҶ˱ʱ䡣
Ѫﶢţ׷ٵҶ棬ֻʱ⡣
ϾʥʮλǾͨݵĺ֡
صף뵽ʥڵλòԶĵµʱҶֱӶ뵽ռڵͬʱСȴѿһ㣬˳Щϵĸ룬ֱصס
ҶСһģС棬ôҶԪҲ͵˵棬ʥһ˷һŲ֮С
ʥҲǿ̸һҶСԼԪֱӳڵͿеĸŰ׻ǵʥ괫
һ괫ʥɫ΢΢һ䣬ʱˮкһ㣬ɢ˷
ʥҵͻȻԺеˡ
ʥԪ鲨ʱԵľʦע⣬Ƿʲôˣ
ͻȻ괫˵Ҫʥ̸һʥԼҵңǺεġ
ʱ򣬲ͷ¶β̸Ǵˣʮа˾žǡʦĿ⿴Զɱڵĺƴʥķ
˼ǣʥ˳ϻǣ
˳ϣҳֶʲôôʵҲ֣˶ܵѵ⣬ҲҳҪõĶ࣡Ͼƴʥ̳дλǿľ֡
˵һ£ԣ̸̸֮κ˵
ͬһɲǣҶ괫ٴʥԺֱ˭ʥȻµΪ˱κĳ⣬ʹʥһܡ
ʲôܣʥЩ⡣
ڻµԪ
ҸԪʲôܣҸԪȻ޶࣬޾ǧ֮ڣѾˡʥ˵
Ҫ˵ڻȻѰҩٰǧ꣬ʥţҶ˵
ʲôٰǧꣿʥɫ䣬ⲻܣܣ֤ݣ
֤Ȼʥʥ˵ǣڻٰǧ꣬ǧ꣬㳤Ҳˡ
ֵȲȨĺ𣿡Ҷ˵
ʥ鶸һ㵽˵ʲôֱ˵ʥɲㆪ¡
һ˵ʥһ̸߽˵˾ʦ壬þʦŷ
Ŵʥĸƴʥĸںڻ֮ܳʱʱܹ˵ϻҲǱȴʥǧĺƴʥܹʹʥͥԭ
˵ǣ˵ٳǧ꣬ǳǧ꣬׻ڣѾûдʥ֮˰ɡ
УʥӣҲܼѡҶ˵
ʥɫһҶ˵ʵģһԵľʦ壬ȴĿ¶⡣
ʱ򣬴ʥϴĹͣƴʥĸ׵ļ仰á
㵽˵ʲô˵ʲôڻ˾ʦĿ϶֮ʥʵ
һʥһƴʥ״ԨúƴʥʧȥλʸĻᣬͿʥԸԸˣ
һʥǸոյõľʦ壬˲䣡


1983 ļƻ
˵ƻܹɹ𣿡ھݶϸĽ֮Ҷ뿪ˣʥȴеԥ
ƻò˵ǳĵҶеҶˣܹүˣתˡ
ʦһܹ̾£ܹ׵ĵϴλ
ƻȻ󵨣ȴܹõȫ˽ȥټʵʵɹĿԣ֮˵
ֻ𣿡ʥǽҶƻǳĴ󵨷񣬸ĻʣʥЩġ
ʦһٴοڣ˵ĻʣֻƻĳɹʣǵһЩԹһ㣬ƻĳɹʣԴﵽ˳ɣ
ǣĻڣʥšʥɺܵġ
ǳɹĻ֮һΪʥάػģԶֻдһˣǴʥү֮еκһʦٴȰ
ǰʦ˼ǣƻ£ʥԥ
Ҫƻ£ҪϣĻͼƻǸҶĻ˵ǧѷ꣡
˵ʵǴ˽ᣬүֳɹ׽õ֣ɹһεΣ水ҶԣٰǧصĻӣֻԽԽѣ
˵ʦϸֳɫʮǰһ仰ڻǰҹ飬𣿡
ʮǰ
»ãһ£ʥŶǺˣǼ£ʥ˶ԣһԶ޷ǵĳ衣
ңƻʧˣԴʥԣҲûʲôʧǵһеĹˡ˵
ˣ
ʥ˲Ϣ߬ȭͷȻˣ£ȫȨţ޷֮
Ҳʥ֣صһҾһɳ͵غ·ǿþϡ
ӵСϢռڵҶ棬Ǹһ˿Цݡ
ʥľеĻҪ죡
죡񣬱СӸˣ
зԲÿƽʮܹҵ
˭ҪǵһҵǸӣʥһƷ
ۿѲΧԽԽСƴʥҲԽԽ˷ܣͣĴߴš
ƴʥһǱȵ˰׻ǵ˲顣
Ҫ־Ȼлˣһ棬һ棡
ʱһһ̣ԽԽˣܹ
֮ǰ鶨ı취۴ʥѪޣÿʮϢʩչѰĻطһΣ̫ṩĻ㹻ࡣ
һ鷢Ѫ֮Ѫֻ۾ѪⷶΧһ˴Χƶ
ϣĿϷ׻ɽķƶֱ仯۴ʥæʾ
ϱߣϱߵģ߾裡ƴʥ
ȫϵ£޵ϵʥץһҪģƴʥŭ
ʱձøӽţеʵͣƴʥµ֧ɱ¾ĥɱس𣬳˷Ļ壬ǵı͡
ʮϢʱٴգ۶ٴѪʩչѰط֮۴ʥٴδ
Ŀ껹׻ɽƶѾӵصףͻǵİΧȦ죬Χ
ʲôӵصͻǵİΧȦƴʥɫرޱȵѿ
Ϸǰ׻ɽķΧǺڻڵأ£Ŀ궼ӦҲǸӴܡ
ԣƴʥϱߵٵġ
ʱһҶͻ˰ΧȦڵصСΧȦľʥܬAʮһȫˡ
ǴһΪҪɱҶΪܿݱ𣬶ͫ
ҶˣĿĶҪգԲǾʥܬA̵ܹġ
ԣʥܬAڵһʱ䣬ʹӵص׶׷Ϸ
׷ȥϱ߶£СˣʥܬAһʮ;ʥܬAһԵĴӵص׳ϱߡ
ƴʥҲû룬Ҳżһŭ죬ϱߣϱ߶£
˵䣬ƴʥԸʹһƱˣϱ߰׻ɽķһƱˣк̫Ϳļλз׹źµʯʥ۴ʥ
һ߳壬ƴʥһޱż˵۴ʥ죬ѪʩչѰĻط
۴ʥЩΪѣʩչ֮£ı̫
㲻׽õԡǼˣʥұ֤ԡ顢⼸ˣ϶СһΪڴ֮ǰСӺԣͷֱȹƴʥŭ
ã
Ϣ۴ʥ˾ģѪʩչѰĻط֮£ȻԪ𣬵վǿԲģ
˲Ϣ䣬۴ʥָѪιһë
ëѪʳɲǣѪʱѪţ˾ǣѪֻѪеѪ⣬Ȼصһ
ĵѪ⣬ȫָеĳ
һĻ˲Ϣ۴ʥʯʥͿƴʥʥһ˾ˡ
֮ǰѾ۴ʥ˵ѪѪ졣
Ѫغָ֮Ŀ֮
˵׷Ŀ꣬ѾǳɹıƵС
죬Ƴˣ죬ΧҪģȺƴʥĺۡʯͿʥ˾ʹһƱһѷĳѪָķ
ƻ£ͬһɲǣʦʥŵԺ


1984 ƹ
ͬһɲǣ˱ڰΧȦΧµʮλ֮⣬ĿⶼѪֻ۾Ѫغ֮
ҪǣĵغѪָ֮ڷɿƶš
Ѫ޵ѰĻָ֮ЧԳ
źƴʥһŭڵص׷ĵǵȺĴʥͬʱ˹ȥ
ƴʥֵµʮĸʥʮк̫ͿҲǺλ˹ȥ
ʯʥ۴ʥҲģһóԼǿٶȣ˹ȥ
塢塢ĴʥǣΪˣȿֺĳ̶ȣ˿ںƴʥĲ¡
ԭҲܼ򵥣Ȼ֮ǰ˿ͷԼ
ԼҶƴʥ顢Թʯʥͫ壬ǣֿͷϵԼû̫Լ
ǺͫҶĹϣʥǱһ
ԽҶƴʥնɱĥҶĻᣬʥԲ
ͬʱͫĹûж
ʥʱ뷨ܼ򵥣ȳ֣ȽԸУ˵
޶ż̫ͿҲ⡣
⣬ʥ뷨һڸ֣ͱó嵽ǰߡ
Ǻͫ䵽˾ʥУȵ컹ѣ
֮⣬йæѪӰʥԼڻµĴʥǣƴʥһֶһɱ˹ȥҲ󰡡
ٲãͬͬһµģܲʥЩ嶼Ȳȥɣ
ĻԺںƴʥǰϲÿһãǺڻ£Ҳ
ԣɲǵĹ򣬻塢壬塢弸һλʥ͵ɱ˵Ѫķȥ
һɱȥģкƴʥĺ
ֻǣ˭Ҳûע⵽ɱȺУ˼λʿʵĵɱΧȥĺ֮УҲ˼İ۵Ӱ
û˷ֵǣ⻪˸УһӰƾ֣켣˳ɱĶС
ʱٵͬʱ߶ԼԪһ˲ͻҵ˼£˭Ҳ޷ܱκ쳣
Ĺһ˾ɱѪѪغĵط
ʱѪ޵ѰĻطʱѹڶʥˮкصɢ˷Ѱҵͬʱƴʥٴζ۴ʥ
죡
𹦿һ
۴ʥһ۵ĸһѪιѪޣȻɿȡһʶ֮ǰǸëͬ鷢ιѪޡ
ӤһļٴĵѪѪٴغһָԶҷɿƶ
ͬһɲǣʥҲŭǱߣǸСӵϢҵˣ
䣡
ʥһ̤ضɽҡһ㣬˲ͿԽһСɽ壬׷˹ȥ
ԥģƴʥʹѪغϵķ׷˹ȥ
׷ȥķǺڻķ
ʱڻķ򣬻ʮ
Ѫغָķ򣬺̫ͿͻȻüͷһ壬һֲõԤС
ôɱڻɲã
̫ϣˣʥѾ׷ˣһĺ
Ϳһ·һɽһǰߵľʥغϵѪѾֻвʮˡ
£ͿҲ˲ʲôˣ׷
һŭ𣬾ȫ׷˹ȥΣҲúͫ䵽ʥ
ͫǺǼµΨһϣ
ڻڣʥĿųĽٵǻʥĴڣüͷ˲Ϣһ֡
ȫ䱸
ͻȻ䣬һʥС
ʥСģ壬޹
ʥʾѶ˲Ϣʥŵ˼㡣
ƴʥ׷׵飬ʥ֪ģǾͲһˡ
ǾʥĴڣ·ǳһ˺ڻʥ벻Ҳܡ
Ҳʥſ˼ʱѪ޵Ѫ׷ٵ˺ڻڡ
ʥƴʥʹһڵ׷ɱ˹
ҲڴʱʥµľӢŴһܵȵľʥǰ
һͨ巺׹ͷͿ׵ľ޸žʥһ¡
˺ڻ޹ô
ʥĸŭţһ˺Ȼľʥ
ս˲䱻
˫ȭһһʯھʥзɳʯӰһΣʱһͷ׵ľ޴һ˺ƿļХӭǱ׹ľ޸
ӹ
䣡
·һ𣬾ʥȥδ䣬ʥµĵѣȴһҵķ𣬿Ѫ硣
ͬһɲǣʥһʮѾָڻڵѪغϴ׷ȥ
ҪǸʲô˸޹㾹Ȼô˻ǿǴ췴𣿡ʥͬըһŭ쳹
ŭʣúƴʥһ亹ʱ£̫ͿĳüҲ̲סĿ
׵ģһˮͰϸϺɫľ״ը֣ݺݵĺ˺ڻĴš
ڻڻڣ˵ʥһĴڣڰ׻ɽ֮У˵壬ǱҲô
ƽظлĴʥֵأ˵ǹ˭Ҵ
˭ܴ
ԣڻȻǿķ󷨣ʱ򣬶δ״̬˾󷨡
˭Ҳû뵽˸ð֮׷ڻһ㣬ֵصʥҲû뵽
ǵˮͰϸľ׺ʱʥ۾˲ؾͱѪɫ
Ҫֵ֮䣬׸ŵ˺ڻǿɾĪˡ
ʥǺڻĹؼʱ̡
ڻȫǼҵҩǺڻ
˭Ҫʱ˺ڻǸҪɱڻûʲô
ԥģʥŭһӭǵס
ϧ׳ֵ̫ͻأµٶ̫죬ʥķӦһ㡣
ʥ˹ȥˮͰϸľ׾ͺ˺ڻĹϡ
¡¡ıУڻĹţ˲䱻˷棡
һĻƴʥĶͷͻȻðһ˿亹
Ҳһɲǣһ޵˿ʵõͻȻӺƴʥ˲Ϣͺƴʥɡ
׼ȷ˵ǻûһƴʥģ
öˣүû͵͵ĸɹˣ飬ˬ
Ԫ鰢УһڵеĺƴʥͻȻޱȵֱ۳ʥ
زӣλڱʥȴЮ֣λ汾ʥһɱڣҸ̳дλ
ƣɱ
˲Ϣ䣬źƴʥĽٵ˲Щɵۣ


1985 ѳɣн
ˣǺƴʥĸ£Ϳʯʥ۴ʥԼѪӰʥһ˵ȣûϵ
ƴʥȻҪڻת̫ͻȻˡ
ǣƴʥ˵ǣȴһڵͷ㷡
ڻأ
ʥЮֺڻ
ڻλںƴʥ
̺Ϣ̫̫ˡ
ؼǣкڻһ˶֪ڻȷʵԪ޶࣬زҲǷǳпܵ顣
ôƴʥһɴʥǣ뷨硡
Ȼ˵Щǻޣǻ˼ǧ꣬Ǽʶɲ
ƴʥʱսźڻһվѾʼ
վʥ󣬻վƴʥأ
Ǹ⣡
Ӱ쵽°˵ľ
Ǹ޷Ͼܾ⣡
ǣȴ¶һϢ˼ʱ䣡
ΪǺƴʥŭɱɲǣƴʥĸĮ͵һʱ䷢˳
ɱ
Ѫĵ⣬·һһ˸ոնϹŵļλ
ĮǺƴʥµĵһǽ˼Բ
֮ľʵǵġ
ΪƴʥĸĮǵˣƴʥǰһġ
ƴʥɹǷݽƴʥʧܣᱻڻʥĨɱֻ߷ū
ںƴʥŭƹɲǣΪƴʥĸ˾Ѿעˡ
ֻ֮һ
ɹٻ
ʧܣ֮أ
ҲΪޱȵ͸ǽĮڵһʱŭڻ
ƴʥѾ̬ǣʵѾûѡ
ΪƴʥӪһģĮˣʮλƴʥĸʱһŻĮһ֡
ʱѾûѡȻԸңҲֻŻĮһ֡
Ϻƴʥıǩȡģ
Ҳڴʱһϸ겨ϸһ㣬˲ϯ˺ƴʥ
Ԫ鰢̫ʩչ˻ǧ̣һɲǣٻͨ߶˼¡
ΪҪǣǧһʩչٻͨĿֻ꣬˵ǻϽͶѡ
ΪƴʥЩ֪룬Įȵĳ棬ǽ֮
ǧ̵ٻͨʱϸһǴιȼյĴһ㣬зơ
ͬһɲǣ֮ǰϢĻ˺ƴʥӪеʮɫʵߣͻȻ˴ĿĹ⻪
ɱΪʥЧ
尡Чʥʱˣ
ڵĺɱУƴʥǱȻĻҩͰһ㣬ˣ
ǳˮһ˹Ѿɷĺڻ
һǰæĺڻµĴʥǣɵˣҲˣ
ڽ죬ɻǽͷݣ
̶̵ɲǼ䣬ҪôҪľʵ̫ˡ
һֺڻһĴʥĹЮ£źų˺ڻ
һִĺڻһĴʥȴǻüëһ㣬ٵӳ˹Ķ顣
ǣѳɣ
ԭڼΧҶʮλƴʥµĵڿĮͷڻɲǣͬʱΧ£ų˺ڻ
ͬһɲǣоԼһĪ˵忴͸Ϣסĺƴʥ˲ϢͽԪ߶¡
һɲǵĹ򣬱Ԫͽǲ˵忴͸Ĥ
Ȼ󣬺ƴʥɵˡ
ղŭ̫ˡ
ų˺ڻĻĮһڵгɱȥʱͳһë
ƴʥףˣ
ǶԺڻĴλ̰ģԲɱλλ׵жֲ
ǱܵģƴʥһȥסɱڻĻĮһ
ɲǣƴʥȴһ˿Ц
лͷ
ڻű٣ĸǽһڵԼصĺȫɱ˺ڻ
Ǵʱƴ˻Įһ˵ȣ

Ǳݺ
ӵĶԺڻ˽⣬ڻϿܻţԻᡭ
㲻ôµЩţò˶ãͻᱻϴ
µЩһϴƴʥжôĻ
ûУ
һ˿һûУ
ڣΪ
һûĸ̳ߣǾûеϴλĻġ
֮ʱƴʥȻû·
ľѳֻۣܽˣ
˭ĸɱģʥӵ֮࣡Ǻƴʥĵ׵ŭ𣬵仰ƴʥҲֻ
һԵĺ̫Ϳ۾Ѿгһߡ
ʱ˿̣ͿȻףѾ˲˾֣ǣһ˲õɱ֮С
ͿеڣһʼͲ쳣ȴûϸ룬˵ˡ
ͿҪʱУһ״к֮бֱ˾ʥ
׼٣ʥôһͷ
˲Ϣͱ׹˸š
ΪڵĴڣһף˲˾ʥ
þʥŭģȴֱӴԺһ괫޴ĹܣСүҶ㣬أ
˵䣬һ׹˾ʥ
_
ŭһʥֻ͵һĵأץСɽ壬ݺݵĺڻķŭ
ɱ
ȫӭУѶ
ɱ⣡ʥŭ
ɲǼ䣬ڻڹ⻪һӶװĺڻŴӸӭ˹ǵĺʥ˳֮ǰͿʼ
Ŀɱ˲Ϣ쳹
һյģӺڻзɳѪɫѶʥĽ
ƹıţʥɱ
ս
ƴҲҪøʥţϹƣͬһ㣬µʮλʥ˷·𹥳Ǵһڻľʥ
ʱھʦָ£һʥµĵʥͬʱĹ˻ڷʱûвսĺԼʯʥ۴ʥ
ĵãʯʥ۴ʥǾһŵĻӡ
ڵģүүʲô£ֻ׽͵ҵģ
ŭУʯʥ۴ʥⱬ䣬˲Ϣչ˷
Ѫ޵ļХҲһɲ
֮Ĺֻ򲻻֣ǿǷǳԿġ
ͬģͿΪ׵λֻ򲻻ֵ£ʱͳƿ
һλѪĺ֣ȴ̫Ϳĸס
Ҫս˳սȦ취˳սȦͿǵľ
뷨뷨սһʼ˳ûôˡ
˲Ϣ䣬ڻǰսһƬҽѪ⡢ɽòٵ̳㶼
ѾսһƬͷƬսƴʥһʱˣѳɣѾнˣ
һɲǣƴʥЪ˹ŭ
ɱ
ɱ룬ȸ


1986 ĺڹ
ɱ룬ȸ
ܹںţ֤ƴʥеӵģìͷԼĴ룬ҲһƱºһ޹ЮĴʥ͵ڻ̿֡
ٴӱⲻı
ֻվ֮
ѪȵĴսҲһɲǱƴʥһŭ𳹵׸ˡ
ǵǵǿĻ÷ŵĴʥͶ䣬Ųɽƺ֮
һӪ֮սһǺޱɱ
ʤΪ
˭ԣһ֣ˣûκα
ͨɱвһ
һʱ䣬ڻ£죬첻
һˮһתһ·ѹһľʹӺƴʥԺƴһΣֳĺһޱߵˮơ
ź¡¡ѹʥߵλ
µĹѱ˲Ϣƺѹסλʥĵ׷ײҺһѪ
״ʥȴɫһ䣬ߣк鱦𣿡
һɫķشʥзɳɰǧɫ룬˲Ϣıֱ·۾һ㣬ַ·һ㣬ͬʱ˺ƴʥⷽĵ
͵ĶƤٰλƴʥһĵʥɫ
Щ߶ĻףмٴֵĻףǱ𻤼׻Ҫ͵ɫǰֽƬһ
λʥصעٺٸ볾룬˶Դȥɫϰٸ
ԴɸˣȻǻɢ
ǰĲҽǴս˵սһǷĺŽһ˿̣Ψսʤ߻
һĻҶ浹һ
Ǻ鱦Ӧ
ʥƴʥУЩ鱦ӵ˼£ѹͨĵ練ơ
Ҷк鱦࣬ҲҶΪޣµΪֹҶҲûнеļ鱦ܵİٷ֮һӳ
ĸ߿УüһλųߣһƱϢۻ롢ȴַ·Ϊһĵڸ߿УңңĹ۲ս
üѣеҪ
۲ս໢ͻȻߵĻüЦ㻹ģҪΪҪƤİ԰һѣƣ⻹Ҫæ𣿡
ûô֣ͽڻһŪɱ
һսɱȥڻһµʹüţ֪᲻ᱻĶټꣿ໢ųЦ
üһĵģǡ
ûʲôǣİɣѣû£
һԣһλüĿ˱ȭǰֵѵ֮ǻԳƳƽ֮פ׻ǣãܻð׻һĿȨ
ԣ໢ЦͿǵ㸸ף
ΪͿɫ΢΢һ䣬״ݴ˾֣ѾҵģԸ״˵ǻۣãҲ
һսң׻ǵѻᣬֻð׻һĿȨò˶ã֮Уǳ໢һΪ𣡡
໢һΪ𣿡
໢϶ظһ˿Ц⣬游Ľˣ
Ī𣿡
ǰĪҳ໢һ֮гǧ֮ǰ游ı֮¾Ϳ
ǣЩ֮гĺڻһ³Σ
ڻˣ׵۴ѹҩҲˣǱһ
Īҳ໢һڻһĺ󳾣
һͿɫٴξ䣬ˡ¿ǲܡ
ⲻ㣬㸸ʦĹ̫ǿˣ˼ථɣ㣬ʱ򡣡໢˵
һΣͿûжԣֻ֣صų໢Ҿ
ͬһɲǣ׻ɽĲͬ򣬶вͬĴڴһƱڸ߿ңźڻǰս
Լͬģû˲ְæֻĿš
ڻǰսҲڶ̶̼ʱڣﵽȻ
˻˵мѪӰʥãȻġ
Ϊڻͳ죬ڻ״ΣѪӰʥ
ѪӰʥҲףԭ׷һ£ôΧˡ
ԣӴսʼãѪӰʥһֱûг֣ԭط
ģڽӰѪӰʥͱѪսʥ֡
ѪӰ㣬ɽɸұѴʥŭ
ûУ
ȺеѪӰʥŭ
ûУʲôһ޽˧ѪɣʥѪӰʥĿѣ
ʥţѪӰʥǾԲᱳѸģѪӰʥܵ˺ƵɱΣʥʱ
һ仰ͷ·һָ·һ㣬ѪӰʥָһ·
ǰǱɱεġ
ȻǱɱεģǻŸʲôڹ˳ѹ޴ŭ
˲Ϣ䣬ѪӰʥͷӦ
ƴʥң汾ʥƽѣѪӰʥѪڽȺ͵رԴա
ҪǣѪӰʥķһƴʥߵĽֵʿĴ
ЩЮĺڻһĴʥǣϢˡ
ǰǻںƴʥһӪУҪԭ֮һѪӰʥڻĸڡ
ѪӰʥķһЩ˾ͱ㷲
ԥģֵ±ˣЩʹģͷɿվѪӰʥߡ
˲Ϣ䣬ǿ
ƴʥһĻĴֲȻѪӰʥ֮䣬ѹûκԼѪӰʥֻǴ׽Ҷһˣǡñⳡͻ䵱һҪޱȵӡ
ǣʱ򣬺ƴʥɲѪӰʥͣ
ѪӰң
ѪӰԵҸأ޳Сˣ
ţȡѪӰСͷߣʥ״ͷţƴʥָѪӰʥŭ
ƣѪˣ
ѪӰʥƴʥŭ۴Уƫƫ޴ӱ⡣
ڹ˵ˣմһ£õùһӡ
쵰
ŭһѪӰʥѪ転һһе˽ҵĵطĵ˹ǿľʥ
û취ʱ˿̣ѪӰʥѾ޷⡣
Ψһܹϴɵģֻе˵ƣ
ֻɱĵˣصˣܽյϴһ
ѪӰʥǸް
ְֻѣ뵽ڹ
һӣûйѺڻ뷨
սһƬ֮ǰѪ޵Ѫ׷޴ӵҶ棬û˹ˡ
¾Ҷö֮УҲû˹ˡ
ôԪϢϢײ֮µĳ˭עһ΢أ
УҶ濴ŻսһƬٶλЩ˵ĵб˵ĵʬ壬Ҷ۾гһߡ
ƺҶ˵ʱˣ


1987 еĿ
ԪԼѪ⡢ҽײúڻǰޱȵĻҡ
һ̣ÿ˶ڷ
£ΣʱܽٵԼͷϣˣ˺ƴʥʥЩ֮⣬ÿһλȫעӦǰΣȫӦŵս
ս֮飬˻ע⡣
׹䵽ɽʬ壬ʱѹûᡣ
Щʬ壬۶廹ԼԣǱ
ٱֻеⳡս֮ǲŻʰЩֵ޴ʬ塣
ڣ˵עսϣ˭⼸ʬ壿
Ҷ⡣
Щʬ壬ɢһɲǣڵͻٵɢ
ǲõطһɢͻᵱɢ
СͨҲɲ˿ġ
ǣʬ壬̺ŷǳ˵Щͼĵ
ǵһ֮С
ÿһѪ⣬̺ŷǳ˵
ЩСǿתġ
Ҷĵռĵʬ壬ΪСתԼΪ
ҪĻЩʬ壬˷ˡ
Щʬ壬ôʵʳ
ͬΪʳĻЩΪЩ͵ԵĻǵΪٵ
СʩչͨҪߵĶࡣ
ϢģѾעҶ棬ɿڵص׶ݹ
ÿݹһʬɲǣҶԪͻԵıһ¡
ΪѾսĵҶֻҪСԪͿɵĽڡ
̶ֳȵԪ鲨ɱսϣ̫ˣѹκ⡣
̫ǿ֮ҲϾԳԭΡ
Ǿһʱ֮󣬲ŻԳԭΡ
⼸λ֮󣬲ûԳ޴ԭΣƾձҶʧҲûôͻأ
ϧǣΪֹֻλ
λʬӽڣҶռ
磬磬ʬ壬ˣӦûǵʵһȵ
ռڣڱĿˣûҶ仰仰Ը飬ͬʱһ
ʬ尡֮У޼֮
Ҷڵ˼ǽǣʳʵ
Ҫ֪ڲĵʬ壬ûݳ޵ʳʵ
õһʬ壬ǰƤȡǣЩÿһޱϡ
Լƣһ׵
һĻʬ壬ƸʮƷûġ
Ѫ뷢ҲȫϸÿһƵҩҩ
ЩĶȫֲʣµһЩѪûõ½ϣŻȥʳʵ
һʬֵ֪Ҷ棬־ӹߵʬʵ˵𾪣Ǽٵģ
ֵܣ񡭡
ͨۻѣҶҲޱȵء
ּģ㲻ʲôţȵȣЩ˧ʬ壬ҲӼ߽
ҲڴʱռڵСèͷͬʱ˻
ģٲġҶЦ
һɲǣһһڴսбնɱЩ˧ʬ壬һıҶӽռڡ
̶ʮĹӽռڵ˧ʬ壬ʹﵽ˽پߡ
ʬ壬ĺڻƴʥĺʥʬ塣
⣬ҶֻѡЩʵǿս˧ʬ
ΪĹս˧Ѿߴǧˡ
˽پ˧ʬ壬Ҷ;Щû˼ˡ
Щʬȷʵܹԡ顢ͫСèͷ˵ʵ
ֻΪ޴á
صΪһ߽ص˧ʬ壬ԵΪͻͽ
ǵԵΪصʱǽ߰ص˧ʬ壬ԵΪͷǳˡ
ʬ̫Ҳûá
˼䣬ҶѾЩŵսеϡ
ҶĿ⣬Զʥ´󽫻Ѫս۴ʥϡ
۴ʥǸѪޣһͽҶء
Ҷ֮ǰŪǸѪޣһֱûлᡣ
ڴ˿̵ĻսУȴ˿ܡ
һɲǣһ޵ҶԪ۴ʥϣѰҵȴųֵĻᣡ


1988 ɱѪ
ÿһλǿߣǴȷѪ֮ɱġ
ķŴʥеٮٮߣԽսʤǿսֹ
εսУǻս飬սϣ
۴ʥҲ⡣
սһʼûã۴ʥʥµͷĸֻѴսһ飬ս伤ҡ
ǣ۴ʥûкԹܱĹ۲졣
սټң۴ʥûнȫעͶ뵽ǰսУǷֳһעһͣΧս
ս۴ʥֻս״̬£ʱ°ȫӦĶ֣䲻һһѵ
۴ʥһֱСģĹãܹ
Ĺ۲ϰϢҶüͷ۴ʥȻһᶼ
ÿʱÿ̶˷䡣
Ĵս˵ǰϢǳһ춼пܡ
ǰⳡսҶҲ֪ܹá
Ͼֹܹһսأ̫ˡ
ǣⳡս֮ǰѪޱ
ȲᣬǾʹᣡ
һ˿ҶǸֵɲǣԶһıԵӰУһʥε˧һϹɢɭɷĳɱ˻սȦ֮С
ⲻǱˣҶ档
ҶĿǰʮͨǿߵĽΪ£߶ɽֻҶֳ֣ϵ˧Ҳնвһ㡣
ҶɱսȦʱһԴһĳͨԴ
ͨҶѹûа֮أ׳Ľʱɱ
⣬Ҷ治Ը̫עԭ
Щ˧Ҷóһʵ£Щ˧پǱɻˡ
ҶͶ䣬еɽƺ޹ɵĵ㡢̡أէһҶĽ׾ޱȡ
ϸϸĹ۲ĻҶÿһۣǡôַ·Ųһ㣬ҽһ㣬ɡ
̶ϢĹҶѾɱ۴ʥǧ׷Χ֮ڡ
۴ʥǴżеԪҶһɨûйͣ
ĸоУҶ˧Ƕκвġ
ǣҶ֮Щͨ˧ɱĴҵȴ˺ƴʥһע⡣
һ۷İ벽һȭĶֺѪ֮һ𣬾Ҷ档

ХмŷŭһͷɫͻӰҶ浱ͷ
ҶеɽƽƽֻɫͻӰ˴룬ʣͷ·ɽһҶؿڡ
Ҷɫ˲ò԰ޱȡ
ηɲǣؿھҵţһѪӿп쭶һܵشģ
ǿѪ֮⣬ҶһУαװġ
ǿѪҲҶԼתƳġ
ЦҶΪͽ֮£αʩչۿͺȣ֮ǰ˰ٱҡ
ؿܺĺɫһ䶯ͽǵӰ٣ôˡ
СӣոɱҼҶɱĺˬ𣿡ЦУλƴʥµİ벽һ̤أȻеɲǣһҶҶնɱ
ˬˣ
ŭУҶ͵һǧ׹ڵɵ˵档
ɲǣҶ޵Ĵ۴ʥɨҶ۴ʥľ룬ס
һǳΣյľ롣
ֻսսϣһ㲻Ҳ˴ǿֵ߽ǧ׷Χ֮ڡ
Ҳһɲǣոձ۴ʥ˵ĻѣеıӾͬһ㣬۴ʥ
ͷǾ޴ĻͷӰֱ۴ʥɡ
ѵޣʵǻѵʱµıһʥһ㣬ֱƳ˱ܷǷֱ׷鱦
Ҳɲ۴ʥòСģû취ƾһܾ޴ı
⻢ѵΪ۴ʥֻԵ͵£ɲ۴ʥӡ
зһĲĳХ۴ʥ·һ߸ߵԾеǲ֪ĲƵĳɵĸӣŻѵĻӰޱ¡
Ҳھһɲǣո˫صҶ棬͵һ̤
ɫĹ⻪·һ㣬ҶŵѸɢǧ׷Χ
ɫĹ⻪ͷ·һޱȳصĴɽøոԾ۴ʥαޱȵĳء
͵һͬʱԭѸ׵ĶͻȻޱȡ
ǸȣڻУ͸ûʲô
֣
֪ԭ۴ʥһʱŭٶޣ۴ʥ޲ھͺɱ˹ؼʱȵϡ
Ϊֹ۴ʥûлɹСС˧ǿġ
Ϊǧ׷Χڵĵ˧ܵӰ죬ΪֹҶ滹ǱޱȵӦǸ벽
۴ʥѾ¶˾ģӦǰΣ֣ȽһһӺɱˣҶһĵش̫ͨ鷳ˡ
µĻѣȴЩֵĿһҶ档
ֵش˵ҶΧڣܵӰ죬Ӧһġ
ǣ۴ʥٶñȹٻٶȣȴ˿Ӱ죬ƺ֮ǰҪôһ㡣
κܹŹ֣ȴʵڵġ
䣡
ѵĻӰ޺ݺݵĳ۴ʥؿڣһѪӰڴĵƱһŹӰ۴ʥֱӵ˵档
۴ʥǸ
֣ˣ
ŭ۴ʥɲǣҶŭ
ҲһɲǣȻŭǸߣͻȻ䲻׷ɱİ벽һЦ
ɫĽⶸֶ·۾ַ·˲ٿһ㣬ֱ˱벽
һ޷ݵΣϢ׷벽ð
µȴޱʵĽ⣬ּΪìܵΣͻȻɽչֳ
ֱǱ̣˰飬Ҫɫľһ㣬ҫأ
ɫĽ⣬Ҳһɲ˲Ϣ佫׷İ벽ûޱȾ޵ɫɲǣ벽Ѿгǧ⡣
Ҷޱȳ֧֣ĽҲܹӳһˡ
ҶǸֹһ˿Цʵȴ˵Ľֻǲݵעѡ
һ㣬˾޵ĽĽ˲Ϣô󲿷ֵ⵽ߵΡ
ҶҲνˣΪᣬѾˡ
ˮͰϸɫľףشҶָɳ׼ȷޱȵĺ˸ոձѴк۴ʥϡ
̵ĵ⣬䲻۴ʥĻףǣǿֲȴֱӽ۴ʥһ·˵صס
ֱڵһ׵ξ޿ӡ
۴ʥرһװؿڡָֻͷСѪޣΪĪľţ˼
û¶۴ʥıѪ޵ʱʮޱȿֲϢīɫḷ̌ͬͱƴֽһ㣬ͱĻס
ݺݵͱ۴ʥؿڼ˻Ѫޣͬһ㡣
Ȼʮɫḷֺ̌谭۴ʥؿڣ


1989 Ƶ
Ѫ޲Ŷ
ָͷСѪޣʮīɫľֱͱ
˵ͱɸӣֱͱ˷顣
ҪǣСʮɫľУ̺һ컯
ǵСڳֹеʥŮ֮ʱ͵һ컯
࣬ȴǳ
Ѫޱȴ츳ͨȴޱǿޣһɲǼ䣬÷飬׵Ļɢ
Сʮľֱܹ֮Ӵ۴ʥĻףѪͱûɢΪһ컯ԭ
۴ʥǿ컯ȼߵǰ׾͸ֽûʲô
Ѫ۴ʥĴСѪ⾫ѪιģҶһѪ͡
ѪͣˣͱˣȻΪĹϵҲܵӰ졣
Ѫ޻ɢһɲǣ۴ʥԪԪĪһʹʹ飡
һѪĿ
Ѫ۱
Ҳһɲǣ˳۴ʥؿڵСʮ÷Ԫ룬ʮȫĳͨһ㣬۴ʥڵľѪǿբһıӿ
۴ʥǵڵĴڣڵĴڣΪֹٱڵڵС
һʼСΪۿɼٶȷٵ
⻹㣬Ҷ滹Сֻ۴ʥΪ
۴ʥôط֮ǲġ
ԣʮ÷Ԫͱ۴ʥڵɲǣһ߷۴ʥһʮ䶯һ㣬һĴ۴ʥؿڣ۴ʥԴꡣ
Ҫ۴ʥЩطֻ֮ʮ÷Ԫ۴ʥԪ֮Уܹɵ
۴ʥЩ򵽵ķ֮԰ٱ֮ǰСɵĺųϺ
ԣΪһֲֵ˵ط֮Ҷ滹Сˡ
컯ӳֵʮ÷Ԫ֮ϣʮ÷Ԫ룬ʼ۴ʥںֱײ
۴ʥǱȼƷҪӲʮĹͷ컯ӳµ÷Ԫ֮£һ㡣
ͬһɲǣһˮͰϸľף·йһҶзɳ۴ʥͷ¡
׷ĻѿһĻˡ
۴ʥǿǸոѹ۴ʥôṦͱһ˧ŰҺ
Ű컯۴ʥԪ鶼
컯컯˲ӵе̫磬ӵ컯Ĵڣᳬ֮
ôˡ
۴ʥֵģǻֱ
ˣûֱֱˣ
_
۴ʥһ·ҰһĺһɢǿĹǷ˲Ϣͱ۴ʥȫ˷顣
ϰٵޱȿԱ磬ͬʱ۴ʥϡ
ҶľףǻѵıӰޣϰٵǿޱȵס
Ҷһ׾ͿԺһأѵıӰһͿԺʮ硣
ǣޱȵ磬ȴߴء
ѵıһϢʱԺʮǣҶľҲԺʮϡ
ϰ磬һϢŲȥ˵һϢǰϢʱ䣬ڵ۴ʥҲ㹻ˡ
۴ʥʮָ˲Ϣͱ÷絶ֲԼʺλá
۴ʥģԼʺһ㣬˲Ϣͽʺķ飬¶˷ۺۺĺܣһؼ׵Դ
ǣ۴ʥϣȴʮɫḷ̌ʮīɫľ˲۴ʥϱ˷ĩ
ͬʱʮ÷Ԫ룬Ҳ۴ʥָԴһ壬ͷǴľһ˳
СҶͬʱ̾һ
ǹһˡ
ôõĻ£ûиɵһλŴʥɵһλŴʥʵ̫ˡ
ҵǣʮ÷Ԫڱɷĩ֮ǰѾѡ
ҪȻƴ˷Ѹ컯Ҳ۴ʥʮ÷Ԫˡ
¶Өľ׵ǵ۴ʥͻȻͷһޱȵļХ
ʯ
ʱ۴ʥѾѪˣѪȪһ۴ʥŭѪ˲ֹסӨľ׵ͻȻ䶯Ѫٵ³
ǷŴʥܺͿֲڡ
֫˲ЩǿڣԵѪ
Ҷǰľף۴ʥҽУ̫̫עĿˡ
Ҷľףǿǿ˽һǹֱӺ˺ڻŵַ
ʥߵ˻ԣƴʥһףӾ͵ɳѪɫɱӾ˹
Ǳһ׸ˡ
Ȼ˵Ѿû·еѡԲн˵ľ·
ԣǺ޼Ǹݺļһ
ʱһ֣׹ˡ
ţܴҪ
ոռѵӳսȦĺ̫ͿüĿľ͸
棬ž֣Ѿ͸˽ôġ
Ψһû뵽ǣֵˣȻҶ档
ѾӾ֮ϣжϳ˲ߵݡ
׵ɫӰǵĴԶӶȴǰԮ۴ʥʯʥ
ͬһɲǣλƴʥµĵʮλǿ˧Ҷ˹
ƴʥµĸ֣ҲҶոη۴ʥһԭ
һɲǣҶŷŭĺƴʥһָΧɱҶļλʯʥִ֮ǰҶӰشӷɢʧ
ֻ¸ոոϵʯʥƴʥ¸ŭ
ֻսĳ棬ֵԪԪϢޱȣ޼Ѱ
£Ҫ׷ʩչݶߵҶ棬ѹܡ
οʥµѹܸ̫׷Ѱʱ䡣
һ˲䣬ʥµĸ־Χ
Ҷ棬ڸɵ׷ټѪ֮ҶĸѳҶҹԣŸոտʼ


1990 ʮȫ
֪ԼǱ˿ˣʹһƵķ顣
ƴʥ
ս˵ľٴγ֣֪Ǳ˭ӵģƫƫֻ
飬ûлͷ
ŭǣò׷ʩļһ뽫һйߡ
תۼ䣬ʧˡ
ƫƫǰľƣ޷ڳȥ׷ɱһ
ƴʥǱıף
ʥʱӵС
Ҷ̶ƻտʼĽ׶Σ鷳ġ
Ǻƴʥϵ޷սôƻʮа˾Żʧܡ
ʧˣҲûжʧ
ɹģȴһû̫ĸ
Ψһ𾪵ģȴҶû÷ͨóƴʥģսֺƺڻŵľٶڵû
ҶɵͬʱͻȻ˾ʦĻܽ£ôܹϴλĿԾͻɱӡ
ʥǵףŭ
Ϊǵ׵ļŭսȦⳡս֮Уֱ˿ԱѪӰʥġ
ҲǱҶˣֱӵ˿֡
ǣʥ֪ǣյҶʱһͲûˮˡ
Сɵ֮Уľϵ԰ٷְٵתԼˮֻתԼĳɣֻתһΪԼá
ľĵǳ٣Ǻ
ˮģȴܶࡣ
ǾʥʮһޱȵҶʱţʮȫһ
ҪǣЩĵϲڵսҶѰҵս
ʱҶ棬һֻ˵ͺһ㣬ĶʮλѰս
֮ǰʶ۴ʥʵʥ⣬Ҷǲˡ
ҶѪӰʥ͵ϮʥˣҪɵʥΪ̫ˡ
ȴһ
͡˵Ķ䣡
ҶɲǣһֵͻȻ䷢һضĲҺ
ֱ쭳һѪ
ȴǴһеֱͨĶз
ǿߵǿȣȵǣλڲԶġ
һ˲ͽǿߵĶѪģ
Ҫ˺ǿԴشһ»Ҫֲ
ԴҽĵˣһλԣȴǧѷĻᡣ
ֲ뾪˵ĻХ·ɽһйȥ˲ϢͽԴҽе䵽˵档
ĳῴ˳նɱ
ҲڴʱˮͰϸľƾը˲Ϣҫҹա
׷ʥµĻһ͵ͣס
֮ǰսѾǰλʹ׵ĸ֣ʥһѾ
սϣѷһͶһʤ㡣
Ȼ˵ѾͻȻ֣ôף׷ȥҲһܹɱ
Ͼĵǿģվڴϵʱ򣬸ɱĹ
ԣλѾԼĹλԥתߣȥһˡ
Ҷеľ׹⣬ͷ·֮ˮһ㣬ϲĴ֮йĵط
׹Ŀҫ˭Ҳ޷ǴĿ׹µҶ档
ɲǣϵСݣͻȻһ㣬ɱڵļ̣
ңΪ׼ԭСʮ÷Ԫ룬Ķ׼Դȥġ
ɲǣͶ·Ϣ˾ڵ˲䣬ɫĹ⻪ʹڿӿһޱȵס
Ѫжеƣÿһöƣ׵ķ
ңֻһ棬׵ķܹʮֻҪ˫վڴϣڵ޿ݽ֮ա
ϧģСҶ棬ᡣ
ӳһ컯ʮ÷Ԫ룬·𴩶һ㴩ʥԴס
ȻݺݵĴǱƷҪӲʮԿǣֱʥĵԪ֮ϡ

ĪĿ־壬ʥЪ˹ļ
ոɲǣʮ÷Ԫ̹ӿ䣬ʥ۾ͻȻʧȥеĹ⻪
Ԫһ˲䱻ɱ⣬ҲʼɿıѪһڣСͨʩչɽһӿСڡ
ͬһɲǣҶйľ׹⣬ȴһĻڵġ
񱩵֮κ޷
Ҷһľףǿ޵һ㣬һ֣úƴʥŭ


ץס
ܣҪ
ĺƴʥµĵʱ뷨뿪սȦҶɱ
й׹Ҷ棬͵ػͷźƴʥһָƾ㣬Ҳ׽סҶү
δأڼ˹֮ǰҶйľ׹ͬʱʧ
һͬʧģиոձСط֮Ԫɢ
һɲǣͬľʥŭޱȵ


1991 
ʥûκôģ
еѪӰʥģѹûκĻᡣ
ҾУҲ޷׷ٵҶ档
ϰٵΧҶ棬ûκν˵Ǿʥһˡ
˿̣ʥĶڵѪ
ĵÿһµĸ;ӢȫĵҪס
δǳɲԸûɣµľӢȴѾ
ϵҶʧĵطҲɱصʱ򣬸ĵ͸ļλͬʱһ
ޣ
Ȼŵľ׺ޣ
ԭسһЩ̳ͻҽʲôûз֡
ֱֻӱɱһܹˡ
˭Ҳ벻ǱСɱģ˳ֱҶ潫ʬյռڡ
ոձɱںСתء
Ҷ֮ǰײҪйȥΪһ㡣
Сģ
СǸְ͵Ϯŭ󣬶ڶСģǾʥΨһܹġ
ǣȾʥأһĲҽеѪһࡣ
ӦڸսĻһ˲ʮıһɼǵ˺ۡ
Ҷľǡôĳֱ֣ӽ˵˵صס
׵й£Ϣƾʧе׷Ҷʧˡ
һ䣡
ʥһĻȲѡ
˵һһǶһսУҲǼɱġ
̶ʮʱڣǸҶ棬͸ɵǡ
֣Ҫץ㰡һҪˣ
ʥŭУĺɫëͻȻ䱩һ࣬һ鼡͹Ȱȵıš
һ˲Ĺ򣬾ʥͣͱҡ
ԭʮҵľʥ˲Ϣ䱬ǵʮף⻹״̬¡
𣡡
˶СɽһȭͷһȭԭսĲµѪӰʥȻһȭɡ
񻯣
񻯣
ٵ
һǳ˵Ǿǿ񻯡
ҲаԵԭ֮һ
Щ壬ͨ˧ʥһȽϴĴ̼ͻᵱ񻯣ʵǿȺɱĳɱ
ЩͷǳĿֲ֮ٳɱǾ͸Ӿˡ
ΨһźǣĿ񻯣޷ɵĿƣҪȻͺɨ̫ˡ
ֻܵض̶ȵĴ̼Ż񻯡
һλ񻯵Ҳûʲô˧Ҳ㲻ʲôһλ񻯵ĴʥǾֲ̫ˣ
ԭʵ൱ѪӰʥȻ֮ľʥһȭɡ
ȻѪӰʥ˲أٴο
һΣʥֱŭһԭΡ
һͷɡչɱܶس֣һӣǻһ㣬ѪӰʥѪˡ
ʥţͷСӣѪĹ⻪Լ˵ܱѲţ뷢ûҶӰӡ
ԭһλֵҶ棬Ϸˣѡһλĵ
֮ʥʵֲ̫ˡ
ҶƣҪǱһ£ˡ

ûҵҶľʥŭһʵʵѪ⣬Ȼ_һֱĳ˺ڻ
ԭ֮ǰʥһѾռϷ磬ĺƴʥһ˸Ĳˡ
ſ֮ľʥһ壬һ·ϵ·˧۵ңȫʥһŲȱ
˳ƳÿΪЩ˧ǶϽۣбײùġ
Щĵڿ񻯵ľʥǰСһ㣬ʥֲɣѪǶϽۡ
ʱľʥһֻδɽһ㣬ͳ嵽˺ڻǰ
Ȼһضɽҡʥ˫͵ɣڵһ𣬺ݺݵĺ˸ոûõĺڻػĻϡ
䣡
ɫĹⲨһɢڻػĻҵĶ
ո˹ȥľʥͷ·һͷҰһ㣬ػĻϣСɽȭͷһԹǴһ㣬źڻػĻ
գۼĹ򣬾޳ǧȭ
ڻػĻԭǼǿģΪڻű٣ȽϹؼһ󷨽ڵֱӱݻ٣⵼ºڻػĻǿȣɱ½
֮ľʥһǧȭȥڻػĻһƵٱĴһڷ֮֨֨󣬺Ȼ飡
˲Ϣ䣬˶סˣ
˶ɵˣ
ʥǺƴʥֻҶ棬ɵˡ
˭Ҳûϵʥһ񣬾Ȼڻĸˡ
ʥɫ˲Ϣͺڳ˹ף籾Ӧİ
෴ģƴʥһĻȴֿ˻
˺ڻʤҲͲԶˣ
ƣλ汾ʥɱ룬ȸƴʥû
ս
ս
һ£ʥѪӰʥͬʱһΣԳǵ塣
ֻɢ޾ɷ֮ȫͬͻسĺڻڣŶ˾ʥ
ҲһɲǣһޱȿֲŰ纣ǿա絶ɱͻȻʹӺڻ

ĸ֣ȿֺڻһڵѪ磬ЩΪµ˧ǵ⡣
˲Ϣ䣬ƴʥɫñȿ޻Ҫѿ


1992 ֮ŭ
ʵƴʥľʦӲҶɵˣû˾ʦޡ
ǺƴʥǷǳġ
ҪȻҲ޷ʥڻĴλ
ԣӱҶӵһɲǿʼƴʥܡ
Ȼ˾·ǳɹֻһأ
һֿܣ붼׺ڻŭ
ȻɹˣԺڻŭʱķ򵥵ġ
ƴʥӽ챻ӿʼĿͲǸɵڻǲܡ
Ҫˣ͸޷̳дλˡ
֮УϵģǵòλͰ׻۵ĳϵġ
һʼƴʥĿ꣬ɱֳ룬ҲڻλǿĶ֡
Ƹ룬ҲǺڻôŮ֮УѪ⡢Ϊǿңңֵһصˡ
ֵܽãһȣ֮
̳кڻλѡֻƸ֮һҲǺڻһ˳ϵĴʥ͵Ͽɵļ̳ѡ
ɵֳ룬ǾڻٷŭٲҲֻű
û취ڻûѡ
ڻŭһӰˣʱҲˡ
ϾڻԪѲǧꡣ
Ǻƴʥĵں̡
ǺƴʥҲû뵽ǰ
һչؾǰ£ÿ³һ񣬵չصڣǰ׻٣Ҳڰ֮ųء
ԭҲܼ򵥣ڻڱչأһΪӻ˥ϡٱԴģΪ˽Լʱ䣬øʱ򣬿ûͻƵ컯һ
һͻƵ컯ǺڻԪͻٴ
ԣڻһֱɣÿһεıչأ״򲻶
ҲǺƴʥµĵ֮һ죬ȴ⡣
ڻǰԾǿյϢֵɲǣƴʥĽŶӾͿʼת
£¿ɾͲýˡ
ת䣬ƴʥ޺޵ĵһѾսŵĺ̫ͿµͿսţͿʥǿ룬˵ܹˡ
һɲǣͨһ죬ƴʥͳŻķȥ
ɳˣ
ȥͷ̧ʱˮ͹˺ƴʥӣԣ˵㲡أǵĸ
Ϊ
ǰͲΪɣ
̶ͬըһ㣬ֱӹ˺ƴʥһε𣬺ƴʥһĹͷȰȰȵıͣѪɲǣƴʥһ̲һ㣬ڵء
ͬһɲǣһɫˮӻڳˮֻһ·һСɽһڵľʥľһֱӱķ
ɵеɲǣʥѾɫⶳһ
ʥڱڷŭţŤ壬ƿı⡣
ǣɫȴޱȵι̣ȺڻػĻҪǿٱ
۾ʥôѲˡ
ңʱţǺɫĺɿĽ˾ʥ֫衣
ܿģʥֹͣˣ֫ٺ׵ʧȥ֪ΨһܶģʣţͷСӡ
˿̾ʥţͷСڣд˿־壡
ɫˮһ̽ʥ½ʣµİλͻȻͱһޱȺɫⶳ
ʱڻǰŸɫס壬ͱĪ˺ڻϿա
ȥһ⹫ģµĴʥҵĻǺε
û˵⼸һڱĻǰɳ˸ɰɣ
ǣԡѪʥȵ
֮ǰڻϢֵɲǾͶص׵Ҷ棬˿̱ڻҳ
ǵڻʥǵһʱҶУд𾪡
뿪ɳʱ򣬴˾ɹҶ档
һĵͷŴʥҶӵеĺԸӳĻᡣ
ǣЩڵ۷ĴڣһҪСġ
ڵ۷ĴڣޱߣͨǳĿֲ
Ȼǻ컯ˣս˵ѹͨ컯ˡ
ڵĺڻһ㣬˵ʥҲǵڵĴڣڵ۷ĺڻǰСһһƵ
ʵȴˡ
ڵľʥںڻǰľһһûκη֮
Ĵڣ˾ɹԣٶԸûõġ
ԣҶ˿̣СģСġ
ҶСĵԭƻϵĵλĿ꣬ˡ
ˣҶںڻʼ쭵ɲǣѾϢСڰ׻ɽǱ鲼ص׵֮Ϣơ
Ҷھֻһ뷨ٶԶ
ԽԶԽãԽԶԽȫ
ҶĿѾﵽˣҲˣҲˣôҲ׬ˡ
ǸϽ뿪ĺá
һڻʳʲô֪ڻܲҵݵ
ҲǱڻһλΪڵ۷ĿֲڶϣǾԻҶ֮ȥĶΡ
˵ǣʱĺڻעȫǰϣѹûʱ˼
ߣСֽڱԴĽڻľص׸ĶݷһֱҶݻҪ޺ۼĶݷ
ܿģСʹҶԶݳ֮ȺĴһ
Сèǿ쳷
ͻȻ䣬ҶһŴ͡˵ˣ֮͡ǰҸƴʥһ仰


1993 ຮǧ
ͷڻһŭߺôϵĺƴʥڱĵϡ
Ȼ˵ֶϹǵƣһŴʥǿΪǿֻҪתѪòͿԳ׸ԭ
ǣƴʥң
ڻµĴŻãһָһƣǾͻἤŭڻʧȥҹܵ
ԣٺʹ飬Ǻƴʥš
һ̲࣬ɱŹˡ
⻹㣬žʹɿѰŽҹܵĻ·
ʥҶĳ׼һݴ񣬿ɻ⣿ͻأģһƾմ˺ƴʥԺ
Ҷ棡
ƴʥȫΨһģֻԴˣһƴʥͱޱȵһ˫۾ۣ׹ɨ˷ͼҵԴ
㽫ĥͫʱ򣬾Ӧ뵽нˣ
úõҶĳ׼Ĵɣϣ´μʱ㻹ܻţ
ǣ͹
ſĴЦںƴʥԺ𣬴̼ĺƴʥŤ£һŭУѪӿ
ҶںƴʥǰƴʥҶĶˡ
ǣٴŭ𣬺ƴʥҲֻȥˡ
Ҳֻţ
ͷԼôһ˿⣬֪ͫ󲻵ԼôһޱȿֲĵˣԼҵľء
֪Ͳôˡ
Ҳͬһʱ䣬СèѾҶ棬һһ󲨶˲Ϣ
Сè߶һֻ޴ĻǿߵĴȣľ׽ţÿһȥǻĽ

ϿգһڵĺڻɣĶ·һƬĺڻһĸ֡
Ŀ⣬ЩƴʥҵĻ壬ͷҲ亹ֱ
գڻĿսһĺ̫Ϳϡ
Ϳ֪ճһʲôĽɫֻߣӣĹƻ󣿡
ǻɲǣһ޷ݵĺͿˮɫ⣬·ħһͿΧצ
Ϸֻ׷ѰҪ׷Ѱ׻ǣǡᣬⳡ䶯֮С
ڹƻƴʥͿǸһ˿ЦϷҪƻƴʥƺƴʥλ
ºڻѾ̤ƽ
ϷܹϵɲֹǰЩں֮ڣ
㣡
ڻɫһ˫Ŀɵ⣬֮Ϊ֮ᡣ
ͿĿ⣬ȴǺηӭȥڻտȻĿӣ
գǺڻһƿĿ⡣
ԭܼ򵥣ΪͿ˵ʵ
Ϳ߻ģôͿԵ໢һԵػһ
ûڻ£̤ƽڻնɱ룬治ʲô⡣
ԣڻշŹͿΪͿĺ壬ΪͿĳ໢һ
ʦ֮ɲǸǵġ
ڻĿ⣬ʯʥ˵۴ʥϣͻȻһЦ
ҺڻһǺ۸¸ҽǹźӵ£ҲҽĻ˵ãҪźӻؾͷ
˲Ϣ䣬޿ƥҵɱޱߵˮɫͽҹɫǵصĳʯʥ۴ʥ
ͷıѪޱɱ۴ʥڻͷϣ״ȴʯʥסӲźڻȥ

ţʯʥоһľɫķҵǷҼҺ֮׷ҵ˵ġ
һҡĸ֣ڻϣ͸һ˿ĪĹŹ֮ɫޱߵˮɫʱһ١
ɲúڻŹ֣Ϊ֮ǰڻѾȫĿңǧ꣬ǺڻƣҪȻڻʣµĿҲŻ
׷˵ˣȴԸˣΣ˵жŹ־жŹ֡
ͻȻ֮䣬ڻͬ׵ҶɱľȻһ򱶡
ǸҶ汻Ϣڻ鷳ǲС
ҪԶ׹źŭ𣬻Ҫ԰׻۸Ĵѹ
׷ҵˣô׷Ļˣѵ˲ڱĻڣУڻɱ
ҲҲ
ʯʥæϣǺƴʥԣڻ¿ܱʥЮ֣ƹˣ֮ȫ׷ˣŰæģ
Զһ̲ĺƴʥʯʥͶ˸мһƳʯʥ仰Ȼڻţٱϣжõ֤
ᱻЮ֣
ڻζЦţʥ
ʥæźڻֵֻǿܴ˽æݣ
ܺã
ڳޣȴûһ˿Цݡ
ڻϳɾļһϷ飬Ƶġ
Ӻƣʮа˾Ǳʲô˸ˡ
ҪȻʮҲΧ
Ȼֵ֮Ǿ˵׼ˡ
ϵĽǺˡ
ʤ߿ܣ
ǻпķ
ͼ죬ŷѩعǧ꣡ڻ´˵һ
ƴʥһģˡ
Сסˡ
Ȼ˵ѩֿຮ֮ǧ꣬λûκϣˣչ飬ֻҪǻţͻϣġ
ʥüĿ鿴ϲ̾һ
˲֪Ϊƴʥ׵û˾λʸ񣬵ȴڻոٰǧꡣ
ֻ˺ƴʥǧ꣬˵ƴʥϣġ
ڻԺƴʥûȫʧ
ܹƴʥǧ꣬Ҳ㹻ˡ
ǧĳʱ侭Ӫ£Ͳˣʱ򣬺ƴʥʲô
Į˼Ȱ裬Ϊ˳
ִӺڻǱֵɲǣڻֻһ֣ˮɫӺƴʥĵһǽĸϾ
һɲǣĮеʧɻңûһ˿Ϣ
һĨ޷ݵʹӺƴʥͷĮǿĸĺǿļҳ
һ˵ȣԱΪūͽðˡ
ѪӰǧްɣ
ڻһ仰֮ǰһֱѪӰʥͷһɣ͵عسźڻһͷ˾ʹڴڵľҴϢ
ͬһʱ̣̾Ϣ֮ǰΧ۵˷
ڻ˳̫ˣһʴսǰˣ
ϧʧúڻ˽ǣ
һңʮǧ˧ΣҲúڻСһ

ͬһɲǣźڻһԱĺ̫ͿĿȴĿ˶
ǸҶһ˶ߵķ


1994 Ů
̺Ѫԣһ·ϣСèΪڳš
СèķٶȣҲڻķС
һһҹĹСèѾҶɳ
Զ˰׻ҶŵһģҲͷ
֮ǰڻֳʵʵ̫ˡ
˵ʵҶЩҵڻ֮Ľס
ҪҶ浱ʱ׼ȫ׵ֽвڻҪȻҶ浱ʱܲ˳뿪һ¡
һ뵽ڻһ֣ƴʥµǽĮϢıɻңɢ
ȻСڰ׻ɽϵһֻܿûǣĮڻּ͸ɵɢһɲǣҶŵˡ
һΣҶ˴˾ɹ컯ǰĿֲڡ
Ҫ֪Įǵ۷ĴڣֻڻĮͻƵڣǾǰ϶ķŴʥ
£ǷŴʥҪɵĮҲǼѵġ
ǣڻһ֣Įɢɻҡɢ
Ҷޱȵľ֡
Ҷ治֪Ǳڻôһ£᲻ɢ
𰸣޷֪ġ
ΪҶ컯˶ϡȱۺԸ
ΣʱҶԸ
ǣͫأ
أ
ԡ顢Сèأ
ҶȷǼǱڻôһ£ôٷְٵĻǻĮһ㣬⡢ɢ
˵ǳֻ֣һ룬Ҷͷ⵶ھ⿳һ㣬ʹ޷
һ޷ܵʹࡣ
ԣڵһʱ䣬ҶԶ
Զﲻ˵жԶܶԶ
ڻĴڣĿǰԣޱҪҶǾԲȥǡ
ͬʱڻĳ֣ҲҶһǾӡ
ͨĵҶѾ壬ǵǲͬģ۷۷Ҳǲͬġ
ʵͬĲ࣬ǧٱơ
ǵİ벽컯ʥȷʵɳ׷ɱҶʱҶܹ
ǻɺڻ׷ɱҶ棬Ҷȴûһ˿һܹģ
ԣҶͣĿ
֮⣬Ҷҵһ㰲ȫУСèٶȴûǸˡ
ѾȳͫͳҲ˳Ҷ㣬ȻתĴ½صԼĵ̡
̶µʱ䣬Ҷһ˾ͽͳ̫
ۡ׻ۡˣټһ׹ź
Ȼ˵Ҷһ˵ֻ⼸λµһչǳǵĵˡ
˵̫壬ѾվǵĶ档
Ҷģ̫ΣˣøϽ뿪
ѰҲ֮£ֻһ£һ㣬ҶҲΡ
˵ʵҪǰҶǲµġ
ǵˣҶһƴΨѣ
ڲͬˣǳǺͫѾҶ˻ˡ
Ҷˣͫûл·
ԣҶжô˼£ֻȷ¡
˵ΣҲ˵ĵ
Сèˣٶȿʵһ㣡
һ㶼ۣҾأĴѿһ㣬óԣСè˵
Ҳ˵ĵڣСèڵϢһ󲨶СèΪͺ׵ĴӽͻƵ˽ء
ңΪϢڳš
㣬߶ٸһ㣬ñ۵ˡ
֣
⽻˼֮Ҷֱӳռ֮˽
ڻʦ½ط֮ҶƿؾӵĵӦ֡
˵缸ûдƵģҪҪȥ͸һ͸ҶϢʱռ
˶ڽ˫ˣֻڡ
ʱ飬ֱӽҶʱռ䵱˳
һ˶ޱȵֱаɴСĺڹһԣҶ֮ǰӽЩѾԳԭεǾѪ֮⣬иָҶ治ʶĵر
дĻӿڹеʳյķһֲ֪ʳģɲͣĴзɳ˺ڹ֮С
һԭζޱȵǱĸʳճ̰ɫŨ˺ͷֱʡ
٣龫Ԫô
üɫĳҶҫǵѪһʳƷЧһҲȵ鵤ޱȣ
𣿡
Ҷ氵һڿˮζˡ
˵أ
٣ٵȵȣϾͺˣһʮζҩӣţİӣ
ʱռڣһߵʮ죬Ѿʮˣ˵
ʱá˵꣬ҶĿ⿴˺ͫͫأҪҪȥ͸͸磿
һԣܶǲϰ߳ʱʱռڵģֻоһʱӦӦҶ˵
ͫȻҶ淭һİۣɵӲŻԸȥ
ˣԣÿһҪȥĸãҪƴֻ˷ʱ䡣
ʮʱһ죬൱ʮ죬ֻҪųԴɵӲŻȥ
˵꣬ͫһȰĿЩήҰ۵ĳǵĺӣҲҪӵиǿʵܻƽ
˵ţΪʱڵĳͻȻ۾˺ͫ
ף˵ǵĺӣ
˵𣿡
˵ǵеһˣ˭
ף㵽ڸ˭˵
Ǹǲҵ
һ⣬ֱӽͫɵˡ
ͫΪ˯ˣҲû⣬ڽôһ䣬û뵽ȴŵĳˡ
ռҶҲЩû뵽
ԭ׼պ󳹵װ֮Ҹʱ䣬úø˵˵£óܲˡ
û뵽ȴ⺢һ仰ʵˡ
ͫ첻˵ˣף㵹ǸشҰ
Ǹǵһˣ˭ǲҵ
ֻߣ߻еܵûĸ㣿
ͫһ仰˸һŮ
˵ǵ˭
һ԰һ׽ˮʱռɢζ
˵ǰʲôûشģֲʲô˵飿
ҿСֶŮеҪǿĶ࣡µĶ࣡
ͫľִ٣ڳƵĿ£ͫЩŵ˵Ȼˣ׾Ͳˡ
ղŸ˵Ǹˣȷʵ㸸ס
ģһľϲҵһףҺòã
һɲǣȺͫڣҶϢĳڳ࣬ЦӯӯĿųü޵Уˮ⸡֡
㣿
ѩĳЦԼҶ棬ֽɻĿ⿴˺ͫȻСʵף𣿡
ͫ촽˵ͷ
ͬһɲǣҶͫĺסˣ۾һգգĿų³ܲͻأĽ
ҶͫޱȵĵɲǣͻȻһԾޱȵ˽ҶĻȻĿĶҶҵ𣡡
Ҷصĵ˵ͷ
ֽĿͶ׺ͫ
ͫصĵ˵ͷ
һɲǣеඣ
иඣ
ҲҰӣеඣ
Ц˲Ϣ쳹ʱռ䣬ЦǱ޵Զˣǿǽˡ
ֻǾĿţŻȸԾĳ
Ҷ棬ʹķࡣ
֪Щ˶볰ЦŻᷢĻ
һûסˮͶ
ȴǾĿҶ棬СֻĲȥҶϵˮ
ޣ
˵кҪҪˣͻҳ𣿡
ҶоһǦһ˵ʲôȴһҲ˵ֻһĵͷ
Σޱȼѵ³˼ۣˣˣ
̫ˣ
ոջΪҶˮصĳٴλ
һԵĺͫ˿ҲѾ޳˶Ҷӵ뻳С
Զһˮ˷ڵ֮УͲľתͷ龫ԪѾˣԣѲɻҪιǳԣ
Ƥˣ˭أ
УԺԳ䲻ĴһĨ
ΪһžۣŮϺأӳ˾̳һʹڿ
ҲȣҶ滳
ãһڣҶĿųͫȴǼˣ㣬Ŷ͸Ⱦƣô𣿡
˵䣬ҶѾָմһҺĨ˳촽ϣž촽ͻȻ޵Ŀ

塢塢壬ôôѺȵĶΪʲôȵôˣޱȵʵ
Ҷ桢顢˰ĿԣЦЦУڳֲĿ֮Уٴξ̳ʹ
Ϣ֮󣬾̳ˤڶٺһЦ٣龫Ԫǲԣҿȳˣ
޹һһڷŵ̰ɫ⣬ͳ
ޣ
ȿֺıǿڴڹ


1995 Ѫ
ڷڵ̰ɫŨ븹Уʱͻɢ֫ٺµľѪܿƵķӸֱ
һɲǣҶоӹ赽ٵѪ⣬·ëë䶯һľѪԪʹ䶯۵У·һһ㣬׳ҶǿȸΪ
һʱ䣬ҶΪǿȣ˷ǳԵ
ҶԴ󾪡
ˮlƵ񵤣ҲûǿҩЧ
ô龫Ԫɣ
鿴ҶģһߴţһЦҿѪ洫ط֮ǰһֱղľѪ޷
ôߵʬ壬ٿԸʮϰٹˣ
˵䣬ϢͿʼҵĲʵʵʼ͵ĴҪѨп
Ųסˣ
͵һƨ£ϢͿʼ쭣һ˲ĹΪʹسڿ쭵ڡ
һΪͿ쭵غڡ
ͬһɲǣһͨԸҲܿƵ˳ҵ⣬˵ΪҲʼٵ
λĳ˵ã⼸ĹɴСǳһ롣
ǳŵĺͫΪϢȻʼûпʼ
ϢҵĲУΪأ˿ûֹͣΡ
⵱ڣҪѨҪ飬ޱȵ۾һ־ӳĸ޴Ͱ
СèͫԸԼͷǸһÿװһͰñûĵļһһȫˡ
ȥڵģ𣿡
ͷŲͻȣ͸ͬʱָŭ
ϷһæڨЦЦⲻǿЦ𣡡
龫ԪҪǳȳԣԵԽ磬ҩʧԽ٣ЧԽã
ߣ
Ըͬʱһߣ飬ר־ͻ
Ҷһӣ޴ڹеŨװĸͰÿͰǧһͰ˺ͫǰ
ֱͫ÷°ɣҩԷҲԲ꣬꣬ҩ¾ҪʧˡҶ˵
ͫĬĬĵ˵ͷɫһ̰ɫŨͻһߣֱĳ˿С
֮һͰǧԪѪͫ£ɺͫСƽ̹ȣû˿ı仯
⣬ѾӺͫѨг˳
ϥµʱ򣬺ͫΪѾʼٵ
СèСţǵģ
ʱռڵһռϢľͷ棬һŵζֻɫӣɢ˳ȵĹ⻪
ͰɹȥɲǣŸԴһ̽һ˲Ĺ򣬾ͽͰڵ龫Ԫ˸ɸɾ
ͷͣϱȥ޲ýͰֱȥ
ͬģСèıҲ࣬ʴŵ̵Ļ࣬Ͱε죬ð
˼һ£Ҷ潫ԼǰͰڵ龫Ԫֳݣһݶ١
һݣҶ͸ǧ̡
ٵݣҶ͵˴͡ˮlǰ
ⲻҶƫģԴˮlĿǰΪ޷̫龫Ԫ
ҶԼȻ˵龫Ԫҩˣ˼ڣҶΪһ˿ȷ
ǣҶĿǰΪһأҪ̫ˣͬ׽ǿߵʮһͰҶȫˣƶˣҲֻҶΪӽͻƵغڣܡ
ңСİæҶΪҪһ㡣
ôҶΪĶǸ˺á
⻹㣬һ֮Ҷ潫޴ڹʣµĴԼһǧﲻ龫Ԫ˸ɸɾ
һԪʱռھͳһεľ޴
ռڵĺˮҶ㵹޴Уָɳʮˮϡ˰ٱ龫Ԫٴη
ͬһɲǣһʱռڣҶƵ쳹޵ľŰˣͬʱ۾
޵ľŰУʥµľӢս٣Щ˵Ϊߡ
ôڵĿΪߵѾͻƵͨ񾳳ڣ͵Ҳڿңò˶ãܹóˡ
ηɰ׵Žٽһལ̺Ҷ޼˾ЩѡѡȽϸ񣬴Ϊĵ͡
⼸ĿΪǻʥµľӢսҪһΡ
ηɰ׵ŽٽҶĿ޼˾õʥľӢսĸǸ
£ηɰ׵Ľ̺ҶĿ޼˾ʵѾˣʥľӢսÿޡ
ʱԣҶ治ԸЩ̺Ϳ޼˾սϾΪ΢һκ⣬ܾȫû
ңЩ̺Ϳ޼˾ΪԽߣպҶηɰ׵սԽ
Ϊ֮ҩÿÿһư̰࣬ȡã
ȿȡΪ
Ҷһ£͸ͷĿУʼϡ˰ٱ龫Ԫ
ЩҶʱռɲֻΪ
ҶǵͰţȫλġ
ÿһʱĶʱ䣬һʱľѵһʱɻʱ䣬ʱĸָ
ְţȫλģǾ»һ
һ֮ĬǵļԣֻʱĽͼӳֲܷӳá
ҲַֻḻİţЩڿʱռڳʱȥ
Ȼϡһٱ龫ԪЩΪûдﵽģ쭣Ϣҡ
ҶڳԳ±ĶС
£ǵΪֱһɿܹͻһС硣
һҶ淢µϡ˰ٱ龫ԪٿԽʡǼʮϰĿʱ䡣
ҶΪʱ򣬱˵ǵľѪƵҩǿ߾ѪƵҩǶݳޡ
һҶٴγѾСĳǰ
ҶӦȥ棬û뵽ó˰ʱ
ߣȥ棬߿ɺÿˣ
һѱҶѾСèϡ
·ӹĴɽ˲Ϣó˵Ļ
ҶȻ䷢֣Сèٶƺֿ˼ɡ
һŷ̷֣һͰ龫ԪСèΪȻֱӴӽسڣ쭵˽ڣΪһ࣬ٶҲֱӡ
СÿҪ뿴͸˵Сè˦βݵһ³
ֻۣϻڸ˵
ŸСèֵĳҶüĹ⻪һϰԵתʦ½봫µܵ
ͻȻ䣬ҶһһĪѪ¶ĵɢ


1996 Ҷ
ʦ½Ĵ֮Уɱϰ벿龭ΪԭҶ滹ûѧ
Ҷȴһֱ޲ਡ
պ龭ĻֻҪˣպõ֮龭
龭鱻Ŀռ֮УҶõġ
ңԪطޱǿҶճ֮еԪСԵĵõ
֮⣬ʦ½˵һ̶ȣͿףгɣֱӶ
һʱҶǱˡ
ҾҶĿǰĲζԣʲôҶԸҲ
ǣһ㣬Ҷȴġ
йѪľ飬½ʱΪߴһ̶ʱһĪӦ
˵ѪǽΪһվʱŻѪĸӦ
Դӵ˺Ĵ½֮ѪĸӦԽԽ˵ûˡ
죬ҶһתͻȻѪ֮У˲ϢҶһ
˼һ£ҶֹͣתѪĸоʱʧˡ
ҶٴתʱѪļ¶ٴγ֡
ʱţּ¶ԽԽǿңԽԽǿҵѪ¶ģһ˼Ȳâڱо֡
Ҷ۾
Сè٣
ûκʣСèͽٶ˼£ôĬɲǰ˵ġ
Ȼļ٣Ҷ滳ĳٴλ
תҶ棬۾ȴ
СèʱѪļ¶Уֻͻأļһ㣬Ȼٶһ
Сè飡
ͳĻХУСèҶƾʧ
ͬͲһĿռвͨó۾ɵĴģ·𿴵ľһ
һɲǣСèʹҶͳڰǧ⡣
СèڵΪʩչһΣѾܹᴩհǧ
Ҷ۾ת
ӿռвͨжݳڰǧʱתѪĸоؼ˴룬âڱĸоֱʧ
ҶɣѪļ¶УǷɿļǿţâڱĸоֱֱҶһֱĴʹС
ҶĿһޱȵء
Ҷ֪˶ˡ
Ǳеĸָˣܹ˲Ϣ׷СèٶȵˣԲ򵥡
Ŀ𣿡Ҷ屧ڻĳʵ
ģ
ȻĵĻǻȥ㿴ĺþɫ˵òãҶһᡣ
ԣЩԥǵһû뿴
ţ˵״㣬͵һ𿴺òã
ã
ǵȥ
һɲǣ⻪һͱҶͻռ䣬ͬһɲǣҶ飬ͱޱȡ
âڱĸоԽԽǿˡ
˭Σܵʶһ²źáУҶСèľСèٶȾͶطˡ
ͬһɲǣ׹⡢⡢Ѫ⡢ⶼʼҶ֣Сèһ£ƴС굽ҶĻ
һɫҶԺһɫķһ㣬סҶķ١
ɽαϢҶֵɲǣУͻȻ䴫̾
ǽ׻ɽ췭ظҶô죬ͷϷĴڣ
ҶҶüëһķ
һ׾˺ڻһĶմսڻһʮλ˧ǧ
嶼ͨͬʱҲڰ׷Ҷ֮ƺ㣡
ҶСѵõţҲ԰ˣ
УһӰƻʵĴ̽ҶĶ档
ܹ׷ٵңٶԶҵСèΪ߾ֹڲͷ¶βҶ濴ųֵӰЦ
Ȼ׷ˣҶ淴ˡ
ӰǸһ˿ĪĿЦҲǣµҲûκôˡ
˵ɣͫصˣԳһĿƶС磿
ͫϷͿԲ׷ϮɱųϺһ£Էһ
ͬʱǼֵܣϷҲԵû
˵УӰͻȻͱʵһ³òоߡ
峤
𣿡
еɡҸղŷ־׵ʱ򣬾ӦòµǴ峤ˣؼֻǺ壬˸
̸ϣֻôѪѾǶʤֽѵ̵ǹˡ
˵Ĵ峤Ϳһֵ̯ͫϣϷϣȷѡ
ΣϷͫΪ¶ҡ
ȻҪǲϣߣ
ͿЦطǧǧŤתĨȥ䣬Ҳһ̫ѵ顣
峤Һܺ棬۴ʥѪ׷ٵҵģҶʵ
ϷղžԹͨطǧǧϷ˲֪ϼһͨطʤżһ׷ٵǵ䣬Ҳʲô¡
ԣҶ̾ϧþҲư
ǰȥл㹻õĻᡣ峤Ϳһָ˵
ˣϷϲϻϷѡʲôͫǣ
ѡܾ
Ϳһ䣬ɳɱشͿ˫


1997 ˵ľ
ɱ͸գҶϣ纣ĵ۷Ϣͬһ㣬һһĳҶ档
ԲǧڵԪ峤Ϳĵ۷Ϣ£ʼҲ
շˣɽޱϢ
Щмǵģʱ͹ԹԵڵϣ±ϢʺҲһҶ
ɽޣϢһ׷׾ͺüֻҪжǣ֮£ʱͱ纣ĵϢ뱬
޷ݵĴ־壬ʱһա
ǣλⷽ־еҶ棬ȴ˿䣬෴ģһĴ֮ɫ
ͬĵĶһԪӰڱ֣죬أΡȻ
Ҷ棬СС޳Ԫ飬ȷʵмֱ¡ϷǰʲôǣͿҶЦ
Ϸ̵֪ʲô
ߣǽͫǲصԳһСڣϷͶɱ㣬ԶҲֻͫǷСΪ١
ϷҪ˵ǣˣ
Ϸǧط㿪ڣϰ׷ѰЩԳһСط
Ϸ˷ϻֻΪ֮ͫ򣬳֮¶ԲŸһᣬĪҪ󣡡
ĸֳڵɲǣĪҪ󡯾ǹһ㣬ըҶ档
һȦȦ׹Ҷͷ֣Ҷ߶׹޷ݣֵͿ
Ȼ赲ǹըһҶѪڣαܲĺɫۼףѿơ
˵ˣ
ƽϢһ·ڵϢѪҶ𣬡˵ˣͿ峤شһ⡣
ʲô⣿
Ϳ峤ǿҵҪͫȥΪһʧ𣿡
Ȼ
ֻشʹ죬ǻشʱͿУһ˿Ϊ֪⡣
ҾͲˣΪʲôƴʥĲҲҪͫѵҲΪ˰һʧ𣿡
ʧأȻвǺΪЧͿ
Ҷ滺ĹͿ峤ǺÿڲţûⶼܱԲȥôҶǣظһ˿
Ϳ峤֮ģһֻͫΪһʧһ£ôҶĳھʹͫȫЭһʧأҶ˵
Ϳһ¼ƳƮţϽһŭ
Ϸһ֮˵һԾŶģ
ģҶЦҿͿ峤ǲҰɣ
ǿԪ֮µģԼһΥڤڤӦ顣
طⷽΪԽǿԼԽԽ˸֮ġ
˿ͿҶҪģֻһԭ򡪡Ҫһغͫԭ򣬾Բ˵ֻΪһʧ򵥡
ռڣҶĿ£ͫԷǳĽ緢һп
ҶͿĶԻ
ͿܾģԡġĸֵʱĪʹ֮ɫ͸˺ͫ
ͫû뵽һصĴ峤Ȼһֱƭµ棬Ҳ뷽跨øֻ
һɲǣͫѾ׵峤Ϳ棬Ϳ֮ǰչ˶ǸθУʧĸɸɾ
ͿҲ벻Ҷ֮ĶԻͫȻ
ϷкβҵģϷеĶˣ˵ͿһתϷ򷽲ŵȰ˵ǶЧඣ
˲Ϣ䣬ƼյɱͿ
ðɣġĸѾ㹻ˣǣͿ峤ûΪνҶĳȻܹǰִ峤ϮȴûӣԭأȴŴ峤ĵҶʵ
Ϳüͷһ壬⣬ûпǹ֮ǰֻҶܾӲŵԭء
Ҷʱͷɻ
ΪΣ
ԭܼ򵥡
ͫҶŮˣҶŮͿ峤ȴεҵŮ˺ŮҵŮ˺Ů
ҶΪһˣǲͿ峤һɫǻʲôˣ
һͿüͷͻһɣͻȻ俴ҶʧЦҪϷһɫǳ˵𣿡
Ҷȴûй˼ͿĳЦԹԵ˵ͬʱҲΪ˾Ǻ壬ԺٴҶŮ˺Ů⡣
ǿ޶
ͿЦЦһҲôĺǸͿûеЦ
Ҷ仰ͿͶЦŤ
һصļһţڲͬĽصСһвһ۷벽컯
һֻϡǿ׳вһֻϻһ
ЦЦ
ȻͿֱϾҶز֮⣬ͿҲ벻𰸡
ΰ
齣ʵ𣬳ɵɫ⣬سĽ˲ϢסЦıεͿ
ƾ𣿡
Ȼ˵һ鱦ӦûƷײĺ鱦ǻϷеĺ鱦°ټˡ
ƾôһ鱦вϷ򣿡ͿһҶЦ
ҶûЦ鷴ޱȵࡣ
ûƾ
飬ȫˣǰһ仰ҶͿ˵ģһ仰˵ȴҶ˵ġ
ֻҪãһνģ
һɲǣҶһǿԪ˲Ϣ䱻߶˼£ҶڵеоųɵԪһ˲䱻Ҷȫע뵽ɽ֮С
أɫĽٴαǣɫͬĽⶸȻпʼţĽֱ߿еƲķ顣
е˼ͿٴЦȫȻܹһ޽ӽԶԶĳԽ˽۷ǣƾЩ
˵ɱϷƾЩɱҲ
Ϸܺ棬㵱ôɱģͿһ֮ɫ
Ϳ˿һո˵󣬶ҲǺ棬֪Ҷ浽ƾʲôɵġ
ҲΪԭԱͿϷŵĺɣȴ䱸Էи͵Ϯ
Ҷ濿ǸɲģԣͿ
Ͼ֪ˣ
Ҷһ̣¶һ˿
һɲǣҶ֮ԸطһɫĲˣԸйһģ˲Ϣȫע뵽ɽ֮С
ɽϢ˲ϢʹһĪѹԭɫ⣬˲Ϣͱɽɫ⡣
ɽɫҫ£ͿоԼǱһ߸ϵעµһ㣬ޱȵã
ɲǼ䣬Ϳ;ֵļ
ǡԸ
أΣ
ֵļУͿķˣ˵ɲǣɽɽɫ⣬Ϳɱȥ


1998 컯
Ƿ·Ϣɽɫ⣬Ĵ峤Ϳʱֻһ֣һӦ
Ǿӣ
һеӣ
ǣһɲǣǷ·Ϣɽɫ£еһУƺԵıˡ
ԭͿǱ绹Ҫٶȣɽɫ£ţһ
һ޷ݵоͿٶûбǣɽǰٶȾ͸ţûʲô
ԥģͿ⣬ϸܶƵ׸֣һֵģһޱǰ߲·ĹףɢһޱȺصζ
ͬһɲǣһ޴ӰͿ֣ͿԪ֮߶µԭ
ϰٵɢŸɫ⻪ܲѪƵƤһɢƷ鱦Ϣɫ죬ʮɢżƷϢĸɫƺģȫ˳ˡ
ĵ׵Ī־壬Ϳ֮ʣѾеѹ׵ııȫ˳
ҲͿԪ֮ޱȵǿҪǻˣͬһ˲ͬʱ˶ıѹܡ
Ϳб֤еһ˶ı
ңıϧûˡ
һ֯µĽɫ⣬һޱȵĹ켣һͿֵġ
ͿǣͿ߶ôııɫǰǶһ
Ϳǰ߲·ƹףǿһޱǿƷ鱦ǵе컯˵ȫһҲܹ¡
ɫ֮£ٵɫһУθͿƷ鱦ͻ˷ĩ
ǵģֱӱ˷ĩ
һǲƵӰո̽Դҽжûüͱɫʳ˷顣
Ԫĺ鱦ֱӱٵͿԪ𣬴ڴڵѪͿӵľ֡
һƷ鱦һȻֱӱɱλ𣬶ٵɫ⡣
ǰɫ⣬ֹ
һɲǣͿӦͿӳȥϰٵɢŸɫ⻪ܲѪƵƤ׷ڽɫ»˷ĩ
һͬɷĩģͿĵڶƷ鱦죬Ҳķĺ鱦
ǣǰƹ׻Ҫɫո£黹ûüӦֱӱɱޡ
˲Ϣ䣬ɽɫͿɱȥ⻹δ壬ͿµƵĻף⡣
Ϳͫ׷Ŵɲǣɫ⣬˲ϢͽͿû
ͬһɲǣҶ۾Ҳһɲǵɴ˼¡
үǲ̫ϼһˣһԽȫԸͶ˽ȥǲе̫˷ˣ
űɫûͿҶеʹڡ
ԴתѪ֮Ҷ
ΣҪһޱĽѵ
ҶϣΨһܹͿְ벽컯˺ģԸˡ
ԣҶһ飬ͽеԸȫʹá
ҶޱȵĿֲ
û뵽Ȼ˿ֲ
ƫƷ鱦Ʒ챦ɫ֮£Ƕһ
ҶͿһĽѵڵΣƺпܸɵͿ
үģУɵİ벽컯пܣɵİ벽컯Ǻ峤ִڣѹܣ
Ԫ鰢ɲǣһ״Ĺ⻪ͻȻʹͿԪ֮зɳ˲Ϣ⻪ţסͿ
컯鱦
Уеɫ⣬ͻȻ͹⻪䣬˲Ϣͱޱȡ
ÿһɫ⣬ʼ͵Ŀ쭽ֵɲǣͽ̫ոɸӣ¶˻ɵĻա
ռݱƿĿֲʱһڶһԲǧڵɽʯľȫɽȥ
һԲǧĴɽɼյɲǣ鶼ڰ
ɲǣеİȻʧɽһڻлޡ
أҶ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ֻص컯ѣһֲȱ˵ģԪ鰢
ȻʮĽɫ⣬һصĽɱ£Ƿ״Ĺ⻪ʼɿ
ɫĽǷ״Ĺ⻪һ𡢿ⲫģʽĴһʼɿ˶Է
Ĵ峤Ϳ˻һһڵıԴѪ·ҪǮһص컯ȥ
ÿһڱԴѪص컯ôһ㣬ǣ޾Ľɫɱ£ص컯ٵĸ졣
ɣ
е飬һս˻ԭɱȥĽɫ⣬ͻȻһΣɫֱʣеǹ֮С
һɲǣǹĽɫ⣬·һ㣬޾ɫǹ
ģͷ·еǳ⻪ͬʱƫתͿһ㣬Ϳ޿ɶΡ
ɫΪһɫǹ⣬ڽɫĴ£һĹ켣˷˻סͿʵص컯顣
ۿɼģص컯⻪ɿգ۵Ĺص컯⻪һ뻹Ҫࡣ
Ϳʹķ˻
ص컯齫ô꣬ŻָôһԪ
һսͱ˴롣
һҹصǰ
Ҫǣڴнǹ֮ǽɫⲻٴӣ޾һ㣬Ϳ־ޱȡ

Ϳһ·һļ˻ٲǺ屾¶Ҫ
Ҷ¶һ˿ɻ֮ɫ̶ˣͿô
Ϳӵ
һɲǣͿҶ𰸡
һ޴дơɫӰͿı߸˶ĺβ·߱ߴɡһʱͻӰͿס
ɫĽն£ߵһӰʱͱնơ
Ϳһʹƺƾյһɵľ޴ĺβɲǣͿΣȻĪĽⷶΧ˲ϢͶݵǧ֮⡣
ӣΣ
ɫĽ⣬·𳤺һ㣬˲ϢԽǧ룬ٴͿľ޴Ӱɱȥ
һΣɢޱϢӰͿľ޴ӰϷ
ն£һɵľ޴β䣬ͿϵӰΪصɲǣͿҲٴĪĽַΧ
һΣǾ޴βɲǣǰʧص컯ٴγ֣͵ذסͿͻһɫ⣬Ľ׷˲Ϣʧʡ
Ҷ濴ʱһ˿ϢҲӦˡ
ͿɽЩ壬һβһ᲻ˡдε
죬ҶүģȥǸβӡǺβǺñͿһӵ߸βһβʹͿ߷֮һԪ鰢ЦŴߴ


1999 ɽ
·ƾȥһĴϣɵľ޴βÿһɲǣӺβĶϿڴɢΪԪ
죬үģͿɽһĺβϺ̺ں̵ܶʱŵĸɸɾ
ԣҶһطͷ̺Űľ޴β
Ҫ֪ÿһβڣ̺峤Ϳ߷֮һΪ
Ϳڰ벽컯֪꣬ΪǺεȵۺ
½߷֮һҲҶģο߷֮һ
һɲǣҶüͷ
ʩط⣬βڣһĪڲϵš
ڽͨ״̬µҶԸӦĺһĪļµڳʧš
ô£ҶԪ鰢ʵ
Ԫ鰢һŴͷ찡ˣ
ʧط֮
βӵ߷֮һɲָΪָȫλģԪط֮ǰġ
Ϳ߷֮һط֮
С죡ҶҲ
ȵȣҽβŪռ䣬ȻʱԼʧ
һɲǣɵɫβʱʧҶһǺβʱռ䣬ʱپͱʮ
Ҷʦ½ط֮һջ
ԭҲܼ򵥣ȻڵʱٿԼӿʮͬͿԼʮ
ʮʱ򣬿βڵط֮ʧٶȴȵļ١
˵£СʱҲʮûʲôô
ǣҶʦ½ط£Ҷռڣʱ֮õķǳ˳
˵βĿռڣʱʮǽһ֮Сʱռ䣬ȴʱ
µĺôͷǳˡ
βڵطʧٶΪʱСʮСռʱȴûб仯βٶ˿
ֲ£С̶ȵβڵ
ʵҶһܡ
ڶս֮ʱͻȻöĿռʱټʮ൱Լٶȿʮ
ǽʮֲֿġ
ǾĿǰԣʱ֮Ҷֻڲã뿪飬ҶҲ޷ʩչʱ֮ˡ
ͬһɲǣСΪۿɼٶȷ
ҲڴʱǰŰյĽɫ⣬͵һգɫǹȻɢǹ⣬ɫ⣬ɢδɢ֮ʣʼɿĻ£
УϱһǿޱȵԪ鲨գ
پųϽɫһŭɢȥһŭӹ鳲һ㣬תɽ塣
Ԫɽϱ
ҶԸоĳƺ뽫ǻչĽɫеĴԸɽ֮С
Ը飬ɳɹҲ޷ǣŬ£̺ž˽Ľɳ·ںһ̺ԸĽɫС
ǽ̺Ľﵽһ̶ȣЩͷɿĻתɽ壬ӲĽЩ̺ڽеԸںϵѲɽ֮С
һ
ԽԽ̺ԸĽɫɽ֮У齣ɵϢʼ仯ɫҲʼ仯
ԭɽı壬ֻ޽ӽƷ鱦ѣ⼸ĹɽıƷףѾɿΪƷ鱦Ϣ޽ӽƷ鱦
һĻҶϲ
û뵽黹Ȿ¡
ȻûнɽƷΪƷ鱦Ǿڵ̶ȶԣɽԲֹһ
ںǧ̺ԸĽɫ⣬ɽɫϽɫϢҲһֻ̻ѹ
ɽɢϢͻƵƷ鱦ɲǣϢҲһɲ˥˼¡
ңҪ˯ʮʮҹã治סһؿڣ޷Խ˵䣬ͰŶҶ֮УϽɫĹ⻪һգûϢ
áҶһǡ
ֵˣ
ܹͿôһޱ̵ĽѵȻûնɱͿǶβͬʧȥ
ҶƣͿⱲӣὫҶǵεġ
ޣˣøϽ뿪ŵĽ̫ʢĶ̫˵ͿСӡ㶮ġٴ𣬵˵˼䣬ٴûϢ
Ȼ
Ҷĵ˵ͷ
һѪ֮зɳսѪһһѪɫ˲ϢγɣһҶʹѪɫУѪ漴ʧ
ǰħ磬Ҷ漴Ĳ֮һ
Ȼ̫ľԱ׷ɱԵģ׷ɱҶģֻ׷ͫģѾǰ̫ˡ
ңҶƣԺͻǺ鲼̫ľʦһ
˵ǰ̫磬̫׷ɱǡ
£Ҷ̫罫粽С
䱻Ǳ׷ɱʧһģܱܷͷ
Ϳ׹ź˵׷ɱͷһҶȳ뿪̫磬ѶСܶࡣ
ҪǣͿܹĪͨط׷ٵҶ䣬ôֻҪҶ̫һ죬Ϳܹʱ׷ٵҶ档
̫Σˡ
Ҷû֮ǰôԸ˷ѡ
Ҳֻǰħ磬ܱܿпܵΣա
ңһǰħ磬Ҷ滹зǳؼǰȥ֤ʵ


2000 Ϳ
ں֮Уһ綼պϣǾͿɽ
ʮ֮ǰĺΨһľβͿɽ蹣Ϳɽ蹡
ں֮УֻгβͿɽ֡
ͿɽϵĺǵѪûоβֻͿͿɽΪա
ͿɽǺ֮ϣû֮һ
֮ΪͿɽһͨβһβһ
βڹؼʱ̣Ϳһ㣬Եȥֽ١
һ޳βͿԳΪββĺβΪԼֵ٣ԾˡһȺֵ١
ҪǣΪ֮һΪβ¶βֻߵֻ֮Ҫһβд棬ôʱĿ֮󣬾βͿ
֮ľβͿɽ蹣ڶʱڽɱŴΣֻҪоβڣǾ͵ڲ֮
Ĵ峤ͿѪֻβֻͿһβһ츳ͨеġ
ǣͿɽͿ֮𣬾ͿɽβϺ󻹿
ͿβϺԶҲ޷
Ϊﵽ̶ֳȣȥĺβҲ޷
֮Ҷϵ峤Ϳβ͵ڶϾͿΪβ˿ܡ
ڴ֮ǰͿΪβĿԣǳãչ黹ôһ˿ϣġ
ڣȴҶնˡ
βӱĴ־֮֮Ϳ£ʱ׹ѡ
һԵı䣬ӽŵֱţ˲ȫ
ΪѾ֣⣬ֱ¡
Ϳβɫβν޾֮·ܻڲһ˿ܡ
ԣͿȻΪβϣޱȵãֻҪȥ˵ͻѰΪβһ˿ܡ
ΪˣͿѰҷܶꡣ
һɲǣ˿ܣҶ׶Ͼˡ
޷ķŭͿñҪ֡
Ҷ棡
ͿԼ˫ȭ߬ͬըһȰ죬ģ޲õ˺Ҷ档
Ϳһ䣬ؿھҵؿھҵУͿ齥ʧ
ߺ֮յ侲ǣ¸Ϳ֮ϣֻУһ޷ķŭ
˿ֲɱУӦö˼Ը򣬾ܣ컯ˣҲ޷ƵϷββ
֮˿ֲɱУҶ棬ֻпܶһΣôϷɱǹ
һɲǣϢ˽ɵͿػ䣬˸ղķ
һ֮Ϳ֮ǰҶսʱǷԲǧﱻƽĵط
Ϳˮкһɢ˷ͼѰҳһ˿˿켣Ƭ̺Ϳʧ飬һ
öСһͿЩʹ
һɲǣһСͨ徧Ө͸֩룬ƾճͿǰ
֩˿̾˯һ㣬ͿһڽɫıԴѪ֮ʱѪ۾
һͽͿڱԴѪĸɸɾ
ʱͨͱһ˵Ѫɫ˵ǣѪɫĺ뱳һ䶯Ȼֳ˺ͫģ
ҶĻ϶ᱻǰĹθһ
Ϳȴ۷ѪĶ⸡ֳͫģѪ룬˫ֲϵıӡ
ӡУ뱳ϵͫü߶Կ
ǣȴûκζͷãȻĹˡ
ȻͿǳĲ
һɲǣͿٴһڽɫıԴѪ֮֩Ѫɫˡ
Ǻ֩밺Դûκα仯ͿһָӡǱøӵĿ٣͸һζ
ӡ߶ĺ֩룬ǱƼˣͻȻļ˻˻УһĨѪӺ֩ԴзɳͿüġ
õ˽Ϳӡֹͣʹ߶طӦĨѪ̺壬һɲǣͿɫٴαˡ
Ѿ̫ˣȥһռ䣿
ֱƿռȥռ䣬ǲܵģİ벽컯һ㶼
ô˵Ҷ棬ǰһֶǸԳһСˣ
Ϸ֮ǰжϣûдģ֮ǰʩչޱȿֲɱУӦֻʩչһΣ
ţͿϽ˱ɱ⡣
ЯԳһС磿
ߣϷͲˣܶһӣ
ģϷеǣ
ϷҪܶã


2001 Ϲħ񴫳
γħеʱԪսѪ죬ҶһǰδеƿظС
һҶħ磬ǰ
ǰҶԪھԸϴԼ֮ķԪֹʮ
Ԫǿ֮ͨսѪӦħ磬Ǹоȫһ
Ҷо˿̵ħ磬ȫƿС
ִħһ˲䣬ҶͨսѪ죬Ӧ˺ڶߡھǵλú״
ΪǺڶȣĿǰ۷壬ߺͺھŶǽسڡ
̶ʱ䣬ħĴһ˵Ӣмǳɱ
ҶӦĽǿߣʹﵽһϴҶ뿪ʱһࡣ
ħ꽫죬ĿȻߴϣҶ֮ǰ뿪ʱǧ屶
ħʵ
ֵǣԭӦ÷ֱͳŵĺڶߡھŵˣʱȻһ
ҶĸӦУӦħһƫƧɽڣ֪ʲô
ȻҶ֪ĻһƾսѪ죬Ҷ˲ϢͿͨڶǵķλִǴɽȡ
Ҷ沢ûмô
źڶߡھŵ˵ҳϣ¶ħƿȡ
ҲҶ潵ħɲǣǸƫƧɽǰһµĺڶߡھˣһ䣬׷׻ͷħķ
սѪħ磬ںĴ½һ㡣
ûĴ½壬ȥ
ǣû¹ҫܻȱʲô
ħħУΪԽߣָоԽ
һսѪع飬¹ҫһ㣬һĪˬкͰȫУҲĪĿϼ֡
˧ˣ
˧ˣ
û
ڶߡھ˶һۣͻһѪֱħ
һڴһɧ֮󣬾ͽӵλųԭؾ䣡
ڶߡھ˵ĶҶͨսѪ죬Ӧ
ǸЦݵɲǣҶѾԼ鹬֮С
鹬֮УҶԪ͵Ǹ˶Ըأ֮ǰѾ˺Ը
ҺԸѾװԸصһ룬ҶƣҲڵΡ
˿̣ԸѾÿտҰҶ֮ǰȫһԵʡ
ܶͿβֽһѪʥء鱦ǿ컯鱦شˡ
Ҳֵˡ
ҲͿҪǻˣٱҶɱˡ
ϸϸĹ۲ԸһᣬҶǾ͸һ˿Цݡ
ΪʹӸղҶ潫ԸصĺԸȫעһ֮󣬵ΪֹԸ֮еģȻ۳״СôһСԸ
ҲʮΡ
ңһСԸڳš
ĹһΡ
ҶеʹԼ
ϾԸҶĿǰ̣֮ǰעһ֮Ҷ͵Сˡ
ĿǰԸ̶ȣò˶ãҶܹܸԸˡ
ҶҲɳιЩɳ񣬹׸Ը
Щɳ˵еĿߣʱ̵ڸҶ湱Ը
߽ǶҶһγؼ컯˶ޱϡԸ
ɹͬʱҶܵĸģȴǳΡ
ǰҶģɳɳ˵İֻǡѡ
ڣҶĪľ֪ɳ˾ɹ뷨
Ҳ˴˾ɹΪʲôҶ淽㡣
ӻߣ
ΪɹУҶһģɳ֮аɳ˵ıӻߡ
˼УɳϵסĹҶסɾĶһҶ龰һһҶԺ֡
Ҷ֪Ⱳӣɳɳ˷ֲˡ
ǵĹ͵ñӻǣ

ģ
µȲμ˧ڶߡھ˴ΰݵҶ޾ĳ˼оѡ
תɲǣͿݵħ󽫣ϥڵأһҲ
ɣ
л˧
֮󣬺ڶǰһ˧ع飬½ħڵһӦ񣬸˧һһ
ˡ
˧Կõ꣬ĲҶԼھºд˧һһġ
˵Ҷһڣ˧֪ǣ˧ǰͽǵ񡪡ѰħϹħ񴫳һ£üĿ
ԣڶߡھ˶һۣɺǰһش˧ҵҪر¡
ĸǰħ缫һɽڣƲϹħ񴫳С
ޣ棿˧ϵҶ棬͵ֱ塣


2002 ׹֮
սѪѪħ˧Ҷ桢ڶߡһ˵ȳһƼɽǰ
ɽȲ󣬳߰ʮң˿ٶʮħۼڴ˴ɽΧ˸ˮйͨ
ħзӬĻһֻӬҲɽ
ɽȿȥͨħڵ̣ûʲô
ŵѪɫջɵģɽߣһЩħеѪɫͻɫӲݡ
Ѫɫͻɫħɡ
ɽȣȥƺûκ쳣ҶǿԪˮһйȥɽȣħطûκ
˵ʵƾʵڿǰɽпܲϹħĴС
Ҷסٵһ͸īɫͻȻĪĻζһ£ӵص׷صСͳҶԺС
ոصɲǣСʹҶŵ׶ݳǰɽȲ̽ʵ⼸ϢĹѾ˽
״ˣɽйŹ֡ǷǱ壬ȥ·һεıһ㡣
˧ɽȣ߿κģطһģһġ
߽ɽȣͻֲᷢһ
ɽȵڣƺһؾֻһռڡ
Ҳǰħʱһ׷ɽȵ쳣Χ˹
ĸ뾡˸ְ취ȴ޷̤ɽڴһ˵
ؾ߿ռڣ
ߣ
һɲǣҶħ˧ͷһ˾ʹ󲽵̤ɽڡ
˧ڽɽڰﴦ
һ·Уɽûκε쳣ɽʱɲǣͻ䡣
һ̤룬һؾͳҶһǰ
һ۰׹ɵİɫţǰ
ɫŸߴǧɣɣɸָɫĹͷɡ
ɫŵĹͷϸһһ״ϸֵĹͷܹģʹִס
ɫϣ׺ʽͷǣġħ壬и޵ͷǣģҶ治ʶͷǡ
ÿһͷϱߣ¸ӵ·вҰɫĹ⻪һ
Щ޴Ĺ̵ĻƸ࣬ҶСģԪȥ۲ǰɫŷӻƣոճ룬ɬϢͻɹѪɫ˳Ҷ
Ѫɫ˳ǵأÿһѪɫ˳֮У̺ɱɷֱѪɫ˳һҶɡ
Ҷ桮һԪ͵˳ǵصѪɫ˳Ȼʧ
ҶͷһɣȻ֣Ѿ亹ʪ͸
ʱҶķ֣ķٲ֪ʱȻˣһ췢ķСȻʧˡ
Ҷľ鹬֮УɪɪС
ʱСһŻ˺һ㣬Ҷľ鹬֮ɪɪѹٱĴͷ
Сôˣ
ף££
Ϣɱ¾֮ǹͷϵÿһöУ̺ؼԴݼľϵϲҲǶһ
ҶĬһ£ԪɵĴСɪɪԴڣ£
Ϳββеط֮ҲͿ߷֮֮
СΪѾ쭵˵۷壬ִﵽһССƿڡ
Ϊﵽ֮ΪѾΪˣ屾ΪҪ巽Ķࡣ
ǵ˵ֲԽԽСˡ
֮󣬲طĶ٣Ϊĸߵͺƿ
ڵ֮ǰľͰΪˮͻƵ֮ΪˮװˮͰ壬ȴط
֮СĿǰ취Ϊֹͣڵ۷塣
СԣֻҪлᣬһλǿߣܹ˳ͻˡ
ƾĶۣСһ겻ʱڣΪӽڿ쭵˵ڣޱΪ
ͨ£۷ߣҪͻƵʮ򣬶ʱͻƵ
ͻƵΪﵽڣҪʮĿ๦
֮ԲôҪߵΪﵽ֮󣬸һ츳ԡ
Щˣһҹ֮õ취֮ȵϱʮʮá
ЩˣãҲñЩ˲һöࡣ
˵СΪ׵ĵǿߣ˿ȴµĸһ˵ȥš
ȻҶУСʵ͸Ӳࡣ
Ҷ氲СͬʱڶߡھŵڸҶùķ
ǰ׹ǴţǿһŵøʽĺһӵĹ
ǣ˿
ǣǵ׹Ǵϵʱ׹ǴŲܵ˿˺ǵᱻ׹ǴŸա
ڶǻȻħ껹壬۶ɵ壬ɿӵһ
ϰħþȫȥ׹Ǵţ˿һ
֮뾡˰취׹Ǵŵı󣬿ߵʲô
ƹ׹Ǵ룬һһӡطӡû˿ãûн׹Ǵű벽
ûк׹ǴŰ֡
Ȼϵ˧Ҷ棬ǿ޷ϵҶ棬һֻܿĽʾ֭ŬȴҶĵ
԰ɣҶ˵


2003 սѪĻԵ
һѪҶԺӭչһ졢һ۾ܹսڵѪɫ졣
ȻսѪħĿؽ֮ôҶģħ֮еİ׹֮ţʮа˾սѪеϵ
˵ƾսѪ죬ҶܹȰ׹֮ţ׹֮ű硣
ҲսѪڰ׹֮Ͽյɲǣ䣬ҶһĪĻ
ǻ·սѪ죬ַ·ǰ׹֮š
һɲǣǰ׹֮ͻطһˮһս⡣
ս̺ս⡢ɱ⡢ɷҶ桢ħ˧ڶߡھһ˱Ƶòˡ
Ҷֻоһɴؿڳײֱ˳ǧԶѹᡣ
ħ˧ڶˣһǹɾײʮ֮⣬ܹס塣
ͬʱǺˮһս⣬ֱϿսѪ֮УսѪ⻪һַ·һ㣬ʼһմǰ׹֮ӿս⡣
ԭƷʹﵽƷ̶ȵսѪ죬Ϣٶȿʼ
ûһĹǰ׹֮ɢս֮ϢȻһɢ˱֮ǰӺϢ
Ʒ
̶̰ʱսѪƷףȻһﵽ˼Ʒ
ҪǴ߶ܹʿսɱɱ
Ȼֻǽ֮µʿ䡣
սѪúЩŹ֣ӳֵĶΪԽߣԽСΪԽͣԽ
ҶĽصΪսѪӳ£ʵͷǳˣɾͲˡ
ǻһͨ񾳵ľսѪӳ£սһϣǻûΪƷʱսѪ졣
ȻսѪ첻ġϧƷ׽͵ĴӳҶħ˧ܹҶħ˧ʵġ
Ҷ澪ϲǣ׹֮űսⲻսѪϲս⣬սѪϢڲϵš
ѵսѪΪ鱦
սѪĻԵ
ҶһڴսѪܹͻƷΪ鱦ôսѪܾԻɱ˵
˵ӵһͨط
ֺ鱦ԴͨطǸԵģֵҲޱȵľ޴
һ˲䣬ҶЩڴˡ
ǣһӣҶڴʹա
׹֮ɢսⲻ֮ǰһֱյսѪ죬Ѫ͵һҶԪ֮ɢһ·Աһıֹͣ׹֮ɢս⡣
Ҷ漱ˡ
սѪ޷˻ͻƽΪ鱦ҶˣϾ鱦ôͻƵġ
ǣ˴õĻᣬɲܾô˷ѡ
ڶǹ
Ҷһ£۶ѡڶߡھ˾Ͷǿֲʵս⣬Ҷͦ
ǣ
߳һƮڰ׹֮ͷսѪ죬Ѫⱬ䣬ʱǳһһ﷽Բľ޴Ѫ졣
̺ޱս⡢ɷɱѪɫ⻪ֱͶ˼ߵĺڶߡھˣ˵ΪϢʼٵ
˲Ϣ䣬ڶΪͻƵ˽أҶͦٶʱͿ˼֡
ԼעħꡢħʵսѪԣġ
һװˮͰһڷųȥһˮ֮˿ռ䣬װˮˡ
ͬʱսѪֿʼԷǰ׹֮ŵʵʵս⡣
Ҷһϲж׼ȷġ
ңĿǰĸӦսѪÿһϢհ׹֮ɢս⣬֮ǰҪٵĶࡣ
µľӢٵĸɽ֮Уܽӽʲôȣͽӽʲô̶ȡҶ浱ϡ
Ϣ֮󣬵һصħѵĳҶڵʱսѪֳַһѪ⣬ħΪͿʼٵ
ԽԽħڿԱսѪעΪķΧڵʱսѪɵİ׹֮ɢս⣬ҲԽԽࡣ
ԼµЩħΪȵҶԣǴ¡
ȻĿǰΪֹҶ滹֪Ҷ滹Ϊʲô
ǣֺôðײá
ھ׹֮ɢתҶһħΪҶһ㸶ûУǰ׼ġ
ÿһϢÿһɲǣҶµһħΪڷɿš
̶һӵʱ䣬ڶΪѾ˽۷壬ߺͺھҲ˽سڡ
ЩϹĽħ꣬ΪҲڼţǿѾ˽۷壬Ϊֱ׷ڶߡھų
֮⣬Щޱǿս꣬޷վȻӲսѪļӳַΧ
Щħ꣬Ҷģ߶սѪ죬ĽѪӳָǡ
̶һӵʱڣҶ͵ħеĽǿߣʹﵽĿǰħ꾳нǿߵ屶
ħеĽǿĿˡ
˷֮£Ҷٴúڶ´øħ뷨ӽ
ִʵĻᣬɲܴ֪ܳá
ϧǣڶߡھٴǿӲޱȵľɲǣǰ׹֮ɢʵʵս⣬ͻȻʹɢ
սѪҲʹʧȥ˿ɵ
Ҷһ䣬æ߶սѪ죬սѪͶǰ׹֮ţܲ¼׹֮ŷʵʵս⡣
ϧǣҶδ߶ǰ׹֮ţҲûһ˿һʵʰս⡣
Ҷһʱ䣬һʱ
սѪ֣ʼ緢ʵʰս⣬ոһʱ
һʱ⵱еҶ벻
Ҷȴֻܽܡ
һʱĳɹҲޱȵȻ
սʧɲǣڶΪ˽۷ĹؿڣͻƵ˽ء
ٶȺͷʽֱҶСתҪ㣬һΪǷٱ
ħûʵ壬սȻǾЩޣûҶµһƷڶ˵ͬĽǿߣӦڵǿߣ¶Щ
֮⣬ħ꣬Ҳһ֮ϲ
Ƕ°ɡ
սѪƷ׵˳ֽ׹֮ŵһħҶԣǽһС
ҪǣǴ׹֮ţԼ׹֮ſصϹħĴС
ŵһ£ҶϿȷսѪ׹֮йϵҹϵǳ
ǣսѪԲǴ׹֮ŵĹؼ
˼УҶøָķ
þ׺׹֮ţԱ
ȷʵܹ׹֮ţһףֻȥ׹֮ϰƴСһ׹ǡ
ٶȣҶʮڼƵľףƿܹ׹֮ź俪һȱڡ
Ҷ波˸ַ
룬ħ˧߶ѪԹطӡȵȡ
ЩѪͼĵѪķӣԼľѪε׹֮ϡ
ǣЩһĶʧˣû˿á
ҶЩٵʱԪ鰢ƵҶԺ
Ҷүģ֪еϹħ񣬶ӵʵģ


2004 
ʵ壿
Ҷüͷһ壬ʵ壬ôҶ͵شסӦ˹
ЩϹħǰԼĴУЩһȫԽһһ档
ҪЩԽĴУ÷ϡԪ鰢˵
ʲô
ħѪд֮ģ߱㣬лôеĿԡԪ鰢˵
ҶĿʶĿսѪ죬սѪ죬ܹ׹֮ŵ״ôпǾǴˣħѪ
Ҷ濴һһħ꣬Լħ˧Щͷۡ
ǣٰħ壬ȫһħ꣬ħԣѪûˡ
Ѫ⣬Ҷ浹Уɲħ尡
ѲȥħǱ׽һѪҶһΡ
ҲɣϹħԽְ׹֮ţܴ򿪣֪ʲô
Ϊ˼£ʱүģԪ鰢û˵
ô죿
ܾܲ˰ɣ
һˣҶüͷͻȻһͻȻ뵽˰취
ʲô취үţƣܱħԪ鰢һĲš
ܣ
ҶǸһ˿Цݵɲǣһ֣һɢųħĸߴʮɵħʬ壬س֡
ħʬ壬ʱȥǾ޴˿ڣתƤⶼʺɫ
ʱһռóѪоˢˢѪҺ
ǵõʬ֮ҶͳƹһóѪֱӽ䣡
ʬ壿Ԫ黯һĽߵģҶбΧʬת
ʬ壬Ҷ浱ҵħ֮˳նɱ֮նħǿߵʬӵʬ塣
ԭҶĴǣӵʬԼħ˧Ūһ
ħ˧Լķ
õӵʬ岻úҶħ˧ԹôҲ޷ӵʬںϡ
£ҶóҲûκôġ
ǣ֮ɳУҶõʦ½봫е°벿
°벿ȻֻûԪɱ֮ҪԪ֮⣬°벿֮УԪطת߶Ԫš
ԪطҶδţȻ˵ԪطƧҶһӶʩչĻᡣ
һΪйضḽͷط
Ķḽ꣬ͨΪ٣ŻѡЩ֮˵ʬḽꡣ
ַ֮·Ӱ޴
ٰԪ֮䣬Զ޷ٷְٵϡ
֮ͬḽ꣬ǿԽ࣬ࡢħ壬Ѷȸ󣬶ںѡ
ڣҶԪḽ굽ǰħӵԳɹҶٽһ
Ҷħ˧ҪںϵħУǾͲˡ
ħ˧ֻҶһƷ񣬲ûԪ顣
Ҳħ˧һֱ޷ںϵӵеԭ
ǣʦ½봫µֲһˡ
Ҷ֮ǰϰӰȫ
Ӱٸٶ࣬׷ףġ
ʦ½봫µͨ
ô˵һɹһҶһӵʵҶȫķ
Ҷı峹׵ĻҷôֻڣҶɻ䣬Ԫ־
ӵֲͬܵҲǳǳС
ͨĶḽ֮һʩչ֮·ͻ϶Ͼˡ
Ƴɹֻ֮ҪҶıΪͻˣǷΪͻҲֻʱ⡣
Ǳ峹Ҳڿ֮£֮·
νޱȸҶӵķͨ
ֻͨȻҪҲȽϸߡ
ȾҪһǿԪ飬ָһԪע룬ͷ
Ҫһǿ
ҪȻǿĻױ˸ˣǶԱԣʧޱȵĲʹ
ǷеһԪ鱻ߣ鷳
ߣƷʱʱ
ԭħӵҶò˵ģǣҶǡħ˧
ǰЩӣҶпվоҲá
ɵǣʦ½µ֮е֮Ҷǡöп˷֮
ħ֮зֿܲϹħ񴫳еİ׹֮ţǡᣬҶ뵽һ㡣
ɽȣκ˵ý˧Ҫչؼ죬Ǻţ
ǣµȽ˧
ڶߡھŵӦʱѪһҶѾħӵʬʧɽ֮ڡ
һɲǣҶͳħڡ
һսѪѪһҶͷħ
ħڣҶ֮⣬κ˶޷롣
ǺڶߡھλųӴ˿Ҳ޷ħ
Ḷ́ޱȣܲκδš
СèСţ

ͳĻХУСèħϣҫǳĻۣĶħÿһ䡣
СϢħ֮У˲Ϣʧ
ͬһɲǣҶ߳һ
ҶΩΩФķֵɫԪ飬Ҷͷݳ


2005 
ҶķַӤһԪǰһҶɫԪ֮ѹɵԪСУĸԪ顣
ԪСиҶԪ֮ڵɲǣҶԭһ֮ɫԪ飬˲ʹŤ
һҶıı仯ӵ
Ϊֱʹ࣬Ťһ˲飬еһˡ
ģڴ˷СʹϵСèޱȵĵ
ͨѾߣȻޱȵĵģҲֻǿţûзһ˿һ
ԪСл£ҶŤ仯һɲǼ䣬ˮʪ͸ȫ
һ˿ԪɲǣҶϵĺˮѾһƬˮա
ԪѾ壬ҶҲΪľʹָǱĹһ㣬ɿĲš
ǣǵһҲǿʼ
ԣԪʹʹҶֱ裬Ҷɼ̨һ
һɲǣʮ˵νɫԸҶԸ֮зɳΣɿҶ汻ֻ֮ʣԪ塣
ҶܴԪɿȶָ
ԸԪܴʱѵ˺ʹ֮
νɫԸɲǣҶԪΪʹıʧˡ
ͬʱҶԪҲӸո绺һ֡
ʮνɫԸȫ˸ոշָȥָֻ׸ǴСķִСԪ֮ϡ
ۿɼģҡҡԪͿʼٵ
ĹԪһ࣬Ҫӽһˡ
Ԫ֮ǱѵķʱʵǷǳģвͿܱɢ顣
ʦ½еĽ£Ҫʦ𳤱֣ҪвԪĵرߵҩԪ顣
õЧѵģȴԸ
ҲҶڶԼԭΪԸΪƾȻ᲻࣬Թá
ͬһɲǣһޱȵĸоҶԪ壬ҶԪ岻ɵö࿴һԪһۡ
һֵֺĸоͷ·ԱվһһģһԼԼ֪ܣȴʵʵڵĿǳ
ʦ½طԪӵҶȫ䣬ӵһҶ걾Դ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣԪʵҲҶԼ
ΪطӡԭֻҪһ֮ڣͿͨ
ҶеطԪڽеԪӡһһ֮ҶԪҲȶ
ŷִСԪҶԪ鱾һҶΩΩФģֻСһŶѡ
ʦ½˵ͨȻʱԪǲõȴҶԪΪǡ
㣬δǰҶԪһķָߣڣҶԪ鱾ӣȴѾﵽĴ磬ʵѾȵ
飡
һ߳ҶԪ鱾壬Ϣû֮УҶ滺۾
ָһֵӡԪһָȥ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶԪ˴һԵħ˧֮С
ħ˧֮һԪֱӾͱҶԪա
ҶԪʱħ˧
ԭħ˧ľȻ˫УǶ˼鶯֮ɫȻ󶸵رҶһ֣࣡
Ÿոտʼѣ
Ҷ˵Իһ֣ԭߴɵħ˧ͻȻ俪ʼһ
˲ϢҶԪ·ݳһѪɫУңңһҶԪһ
ˣ
Ҷٴϥأһ֮ǰҵ·̶ʬһõֵħǿӵԪ飬ͳҶС
ΪطԭӵԪ·ڳ˯һ㣬ûκ֪
˿Ҷһȥ˯ӵԪʱ˹
ոѳ࣬Ԫ˫ĿŭָҶƿڴСӣҶңضӾȫ𣡡
¡¡
Ŀ׹ҶָɳӦӵԪ飬ֻרԪаס
ȴҶ潫ɱһ̶ȵаס
һаȥǾͽܴӵԪ۲ҽУٴƿڴһаȥͽӵƿڴ˲ҽк
ΪٺȥӾҪɢ
ɢϵ־ˣǴűϳĨɱ
һ˿л꣬ҲתĻᡣ
ɢɾĳʲôûˡ
ӵģҶûǣСа׵СӵԪ顣
ǿĴΪٵҪһؿڣ޷׵ںϺƿ
ǣжԷԪϢֲһˡ
ʦ½طУжԷԪ飬ôԪֱ˶ԷԪģͿԪӵжԷϢӶǱعһ׵ںǾ
ҽ˰ʱ֮ҶŽӵԪ˾ųɣֻ˰ָ׸ǴСԪģ
Ҷ֮ôΪӵԪҪ̫ǿĻҶԪʱܾͻᷴ亦
ԱӵԪ㹻С
֣룡
ķҶԪһʱͻһŴڣһھͽӵԪĸȥ
ԪµѪɫһѪ棬ٵطӵԪ֮С
УҶԪһ˿ӵϢ
˿ӵϢɢӵǿ
˴ʱ䣬ڳӵԪУҶԪСٴοʼ˻
һ֮һַĲҽҶԪ
ӳ׻ɢʱĲҽ
ڣ
Ԫ׵ӵԪģҶָ˲Ϣ䷭޷ޱȵӡӡ·һһ㣬ֱӽҶԪħеʬ֮С
ѪһָնеϢʼʬӿ
ģħǶеĵֻĿ
Ŀɲǣ֮ǰħ˧еѪ⣬ʱ͸˳âɣ
ħ˧һͨպ󽫻͸ֻĿʩչ
Ҷͷ֮ʣֻĿѪ⻺ߣǸߴʮɵʼĲ
һָȻֻ֡
Ҳʼǿһʼָ
Źɵĺϵľ޴˿ڿʼٵĻָţʬȫʼĳ鶯
һɲǣħʬ壬˵ҶȵϥͻȻ΢һþվʣµһԾĿ˲ſ䣡
ˣҶӳһƿõĵҩ
ñ׾ĶץסƿҩȫȥҩɲǣǷľ޴˿ڣͷɿĸԭӲָ壬ۿɼٶȱ
ˣͻȻҶ湰һ
񣡡
ҶһҶһۣͷЦ


2006 б
˧ѾȺЧʱһ˧ͽΪ
ҵԸΪ˧Ч
Ч
Ч
Ч
Ҷħӵʬɵںڶߡھŵǰһۼħͷ׷׹ؿŭ
ЩΪǿħ꣬һֳ˿֮ɫ
Щħ꣬ΪԽߣԽǿ
ڶߡھźһڽħ꣬϶ֳ˿֮ɫ
ȻǶӵǳ
ҶҲ֪׷ôģǹֱܵǿԸɡ
ħִ壬ʵսʱǷǳĳԿġ
ԭ֮֮ħ˺ͷǳĴ󣬶ħ˺
֮ħ˺һ壬ôħ˺ܾǸࡣ
Ĳ˵Ҷħ˧ħӵں֮Ҷоħ˧Ҳսһ
ԭħ˧Խ۷ΪǼƷħѪӰƷףǿܹͬΪ۷߶Կ
ħӵ֮󣬼ȱǳֿȭҲնɱ۷ǿߡ
֮ǰҶͻƵõĿսһ
ƾżƷħѪӰܹĿͥ񣬻ԼԼѹĿһͷ
ȻħӵΪйϵʱѾǵڵΪħеΪǿ
֮ҶһǳֵϣԪ鱾Ҳֻǽ۷壬ʵȴ󲿷ֵڵǿ߻Ҫǿ
սҲԳ֮
ɣ
һҶ˵ҶתͽĿͶǾ޴İ׹֮ϣʼһһԿܵĿ
һ£ȻǽԪ׹Ǵţ֮ǰԹѪħطһһһ顣
ûãҶüͷͽǲС
ҶҲԪ鰢֮ǰ˵һĶͷУʱͷɳһνɫıԴѪƮ˰׹֮š
ħѪıԴѪȥɲǣ׹֮ŶɭȻ׹⡣
·һǵαԴѪӽ˹ȥ
ħıԴѪǰ׹֮ŵɲǣͱǰ׹֮˸ɸɾ
һѪɫ··һ㣬ͣڰ׹֮ϲҶżǣѪɫ·ȥ׹Ǵţǲ
ȥȥƣҲ˿
ţ
һ£սѪ춸شҶԺڰ׹ǴϿƮ֮ʣһѪʹսѪϷɳ˰׹֮š
ȻҶ;Ķǰ׹֮š
˵սѪѪˣӦòˡ
ǣҶĵ˰ӣսѪѪµİ׹֮ţûκζ
ô£ЩˬҶ棬һ׹ͽ˳
һĻ˺һᣬŻڵүģҲ֪ˣ
Ҫ㽫սѪ콻ãսѪմȾһϢԿ
Ҷһ룬Ҳǡ
µıԴѪģսѪϢȴҶģȻ˵ҶһģߵϢչǲͬġ
һߣսѪͻһѪ⣬
˱ϣպ˱͹Ԧʹ
ҶһһԪɳҪսѪڴӡ
ʦ½봫µ֮
֮䣬ǿԹõģɣɣӳȴһ
ͬʱȻҶһ壬ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣȴǶڵģҶһƷ

һɲǣҶٴαƳһαԴѪ׹֮ŵͬʱոϢսѪ죬ҲԺɳһѪְֱ׹֮š
ͻأģͷ·𴥶ʲôһȻǾ޴İ׹֮д
ɰ׹֮ŵľ޴׹ǣ·һУ޴İ׹ǿʼת
תۼĹ򣬾ڰ׹֮Ųһߴɡʮɵľ޴ŻŻǳ׵Ŀš
ܱߵľ޴׹ɭȻ׹⣬һɷİ׹С
ˣ
󻶺һڶߡھŵҲһϲɫҶĿһˡ
ǵ˼ûд򿪵İ׹֮ţ˧ֻ˼ʱ䣬ʹˡ
ϹħĴУ˵ܹջ񣿡һ뵽кôЦ۾

Ҷȴûмȥ
һҶͷһΣһӰس֣Ȼ첽ǰ׹֮еİ׹С
Ӱ׹еɲǣ׹жرս⣬һ̺־ս⡣
սӿɲǣͽҶӰޡ
Ҷ治ķһƺߣӰ٣Ԫܵһ𵴡
޷ͨŻˡ
һҶźڶ֣һս
˧սѾ
ȥܲͨǵŻ
Ҷ£Ǹħսη˰׹֮ţһ̤ȥɲǣս֣·ŭһֱӽħսĵɻ
Ҷע⵽ħսȥۻս֮Уû̺ҶӰ޷ֵĴ־
Ҫ֪ҶӰӵҶһɵʵҶʮڽǿߵΪҶӰ൱۷ߵʵ
ǣҶӰȴֱӻ𣬶ΪһħսֻǱ˻
ɼǰ׹֮Żǲ򵥣Ȼܹħ塣
ɻȥһ˵ѡֶΣҲʲô¡
ĿһҶٴ´
ߡھţǶÿ˴ħ꣬һҽⷽؾڶʣΧɽȵͬʱ򱾽硣Ҷ
ȻϹħĵ̣Ҷģȥħħȥؼʱ˵ҶԼá
½˧
ͬʱȴһɻ󣬡˧ŲǳԹˣЩħսȥ𣿡
˧ǽȥӰɣҶȵ
ǣ
ʱ֮󣬺ڶĿɿڴĿħİħ꣬һһڴ˧ǰƾʧ
֪˧ԲẦǣᶼѾסҪʸˡ
ôƾʧ
ԴˣҶûнֻͣһЦ
ڿռޱȵĹ˵һǰҲװ£ЩóԺ˯ħװռڣٷ㲻
ˣ
ĿһսѪҶԼֱӻת飬ȻͻһССӡǣϡ
ͬʱΪһսѪ鸽ϵĵطϢڸǵʵʵ
һͷٵ˰׹֮еİɫС
ɫ֮й⻪һսѪͺ谭ĴǰɫУ˰׹֮ʧ
ɲǣһ죬޴İ׹ͷչʱǰ׹֮Żָ
Ǹɫйţͷ·ûгֹһ㡣

ҶսѪ촩׹֮ŵɲǣĴ½ħؽϣ˲֪ħĹϵĳǱ֮Уһһ淺ڵģͻȻ䱬˴ĿޱȵѪ⡣
Ѫ͸Ǳֱ񷡣
˲Ϣ䣬ħ֮йϵĴھʹǱбѣ׷۾
ûãһޱȵķ⡢ֻǽͨѶַ׷׽Ϣ˷
УֲĿռ䲨ͣţվˮһš
оͨռͨע⣬ͻ֣ᷢдͨƿŲƣ˲Ϣ
Ϊħ֮л֮һħĲرͬһҳѪɫķ˴ĿѪ⡣
ڷټӢ֮ħĴڵȴ֮ʱҳĴбá
ûб졣
ҶеսѪһģһѪɫģħ֮УΪб졣
ֻϢϣҶеսѪҪ
ʮǰһսԼʮǰ֮ǰսУħħ
Щħ嶼ΪϹħ
Ϲħ䣬ͨߵ䲻һ
һܹϹħĴսǿճ־õģöϹħǱ컯ش˱Դܵ޷תƣҹвġ
ЩϹħڲ֮ǰвʣҲ˵ħĴͳ
ÿλϹħڳ֮ǰᾡŬԼħ񴫳С
ʱ֮ʱ޷ͽҵ˻ߺ´С
ǣϹħʱͽħ񴫳ȻĴ֮ħڵĴС磬Ȼ󾲴Եħ塣
Ϊ֪УԣħԽǹԽ壬ղصĴ֮Խࡣ
Щ֮дУʧȥ
ֻϹħ񴫳бֵʱЩ֮Ż»⣬Ϊӵָ
ҶеսѪ죬ǻԵɺ֮£λϹħ͵ħսħ֮С
ħĲ䣬ûг׳˯˺ҶᵽսѪ֮׳󣬲˽컯
ϷⱲϵĵʮĴ֮ˣͿܸ֮ܲ壬һλϹħĴˡ
УһħĵϢĳڴԽ󣬡شϣָı徫ӢѡȻȫ

һԽӳһ򣬡ȥ嵥׼ƷȻǽɡ
ӹһۣħĵһ嵥һһūͿΡ
ȴκαʾһ֣һʮħľӢ롣
ħȻ


2007 ̫Ӵ
ʮˣѪĵϵѪˣһء
ԵǶѾ֪ˣһϹħĴУѾ˷֣бѱ
ǣϹħĴУֻһܹõġΪˣмϷҪ֪ǵеÿһˣǽħǵħ𣬶أ
Υߣɱ⣡
仰ڵɲǣĪɱӴӿڳħͬʱһսеλħҲһ
һĻ˿ӵľη
ִǧ꣬ǰЩ԰ʧǾ嵱ɫļλִƳ֮һ
ͬʱҲΪɲִƳ֮һ
ѵʾһڽħ͵ħͬʱѵ
һ㣬ϹħĴֻһܹãʮ֮䣬ôôϷ򲻹ܡ
ǣ˽һ¶⣡֮ڲ
˭ǸʱԼ֣Ϸȫ𣡡仰ﶼ͸ɱһ˵ȣٴȻ
ڶ㣬бȥĺϧһд۶أʱйߣϷϧͣ
㣬ȥĵطӦϹħԼĴͨ͵ɫС硣
Ϲħ񴫳֮⣬СĹȨǿؽ籦һҪᵽ
ҵȽѵʾ
ǰһĵϵѪĵ˵ͷϾЩˣ֮⣬ܻħǺ鱦ҲӦþܵء
ֽ˼֮󣬴Ż˻֣ǱߵѪ̳Ѿ׼ˣǻһʱʱ׼Ʒ
꣬׼ȥѪ̳Ѫ̳ޱȵҪܲܳɹĽ͵ǸӵϹħ񴫳еС֮С
ϹħĴУħ֮еһԣޱȵҪ
ԣԶš
Ҫ뿪ʱһͻȻ첽ͨϣħ̫Ӵ
̫ӣ
üͷֵ˹ؼʱ̣ЩԲ׼ħ̫Ӵʱк⡣
ǣħ̫ӴأĴϣҲ׿
뵽
˼һᣬԽһ·ǰ˵ȴħ̫Ӵơ
ħںĴ½֮ߣһ壬ħߣȴһľơ
ĴڣɳΪħʡ
ħħһ壬ħ֮УһΪǿ󣬵ѪΪϡ塣
Ǵʱħ̫Ӵһɣ֮УڡǸ࣬ħһ壬ֻһĿ
֮ΪĿħħ֮УÿһĿħǿԽɱУսޱǿĴڡ
һĪĽ󣬾Ͷ䣬ɽҡض֮
ħ壬ǿ󣬵Ѫ츳ͨҲǳԪͷǳһˣһƻǺǿġ
ϴרļ˾ǣɾҪϿˡ
ħһĶĿħ壬ֲһ
ĿħԪǿɫֻȻٵ
ԪϱߣѹԵƣǶĿħ徫ͨͨ
Ԫǿ֮⣬ĿħҲޱȵǿ
һħһĶĿħ壬ӵƷǿȣǳ꣬ǵȻͻƷĳ̶ȡ
֮ħһĶĿħ壬һ꣬ӵһƷһ㡣
⻹㣬֮ǵǿȣΪ
ʱħ̫ӴƣƤ󿴣ǿȣѳ˼Ʒĳ̶ȡ
£ޱǿԪԴ󲿷ӵѹԵƣĿħһ壬սϵս԰Ĵڡ
ΨһҵģǶĿħһΪ̫ǿԭѪѡ
·ô꣬ûй
ҪȻǾˡ
λ̫Ӵƣħʮǰ׽ٺĴ½֮ħʵʮ檣ĵ߸á
ĿǰΪֹħһа˸ѪãһŮ˵ÿһδż̳дλĿܡ
ħѾλʮˣˡ
Խ̫ӴƵԭ
ϣ̫Ӵ˴ǰֻһ󡣡̫֮Ӵֱ˵Ŀżɽ
̫ԣ
Ϲħ񴫳֮صѪ̳ѡУӱ̫һЦ
⡭ȻϵܣէһЩԥ
ģ̫ӲƾռǵĺôкĻȿ˵˵䣬ƾ͵ݳһ


2008 Ѫ
һԲʮʯ̨ϣһֺȴ͸żζļ̳ڽβ
ʵĻðѪ׷ԲԵħһֵĹͿĨ˸
мһȥޱȵľ޴ͷУһϢҶսѪ΢Ѫ챻ھ޴ͷС
Ѫɫ·Ӿ޴ͷ˷
ͷİ׷ԲԵħһ·Ѫ֮󣬾ŵķ˼̳Ŵ֮Ϣȥ
ɵļֿ̳һվڲԶĳޱ̫Ӵƣ뷽ö֮еϢ
ѾûѡԵˡ
һΣ̫Ҳһȥػ֮ǰһϹħĴУ˭
ǣ̫ӸһȥǾԼˣУһ¶⣡⣬Ǵ̫ϹħĴУǣҪϧһдۣ̫ӣȿף
һ˵ȴȵͬʱת̫Ӵƹһ
̫Ӵȴǿûһ˵ȣһͷҲصķ˼̳롣
һĻħһɵϵӢЩΡ
ıûκα仯Ļ˻֣ϼ̳Ѫʼ
ĿħһһˣڱԼǿܱһ𾴣Сߣ˵мһ˶ġ
Ҳ⣬Ŀħһʵǿͬǿ߼ѹһĴڣοǶĿħһе̫ӡ
ʮλħϵӢ̤Ѫ̳ɲǣūħľӴ˷Ѻ͹Ů١
ǳЩСں֮⣬Щ˻ˣһޱ飬˫Уûһ˿һ
ֻЩĸףޱȵĿԼǿĺӣһ
ùʱѾ֪ԼѪˡ
֪Σ
˾ĳ˱Ʒ֮⣬κν
Ϊūħĵλħ
׼
һ߳˷ħӵĵֻУͬʱۻޱȵѪ⡣
ÿһѪ⣬һū
Ϊĵ͵ͨħеѪⶼͬʱϰλū

ֳڵɲǣѪͻУЩūԴڸ߿еһλħħ𣬿ŻɬĹпȥһ㵸
ǿһĶȴͷʬеѪҺ·һ㣬˼̳
ÿһԴе꣬ǣ˼̳һ꿪ʼİ
ħĿеѪظΣͽһūնɱ
ħϼ˾£еūʬ壬ڶ̶̼ڻ˸ʬ
Ѫɫ·䶯һ㣬̳ͨͷǽѪɫ⻪ͽѪ֮С
ѪϢʼٵ׳
ǣѪŽʼʮͷвѵ޺ܿ챻ӽ˼̳ȻħѪնɱں̵ܶʱڱ˸ʬ
ϢٱۻĴѪ죬۾
ִѪ޸֮ڤڤȴϹħһ˿ι̵ӡϵ
ͨѪǿ֮󣬿Ѫ콫ħĵϵӢֱ͵Ϲħ񴫳ڵС統УᴫС
ҶսѪ죬Ҳһ洫Ѫ졣
ǣҶõ洫Ѫȴ䵽һħս֮УԵɺ֮£ҶеĴѪ˲һĻԵ
ҶеսѪ졣
ǣҶеսѪƷȻ˱仯ǸԴû䡣
ԣҶ濿ħѪսѪ쿪˰׹֮ţͬʱҲɢĴѪ졣
ʮͷǿʬ峹׻˷ĩ洫ѪѪ⣬·һʼɲǡ
еħϼ˾˫ָ죬ָ˲Ϣóӡ
ȥ
һ߳·һѪһĴѪ죬ħ̫ӴʮλħĵϵӢס
˲Ϣ仯һѪ⣬ƿնȥ
ʯƼ̳Ҳڴ˿̺Ȼ
һϹħĴаȷʵܸˣ󷽱㣬Ҫ̫ûǸ
ħУħؽطͬѪɫ̳ϵĽѪϵдѪŸĵϵӢƿգǰϹħĴС
Ҳͬһɲǣ׹֮źûá̽ҶԪ飬ͬʱһ
ҶͬʱӦսѪ쳣
һɲǣƺսѪϢڷɿĽӽţ


2009 ׹սʿ
Ҷ׹֮֮ؾѾʱˡ
ʱʱڣСèҶ̽˰ʮĵؽ硣
ҶƵǣ̽˽ʮĵؽ磬Ȼûκη֡
ʮؽ磬ȫһƬѪɫĻߺͰ׹ǣκϢ
ڸ߿Ŀ۲죬ҲһѹûпʲôϹħĴС
ҶɣǲؾǧһɵĻ밨׹ǡ
ֻ˵ֻһþϾǧһɵѪɫߣһǿҵĲʵС
ҲҶɻĵڣҶĿ⣬ͬʱѪɵֿƮͷսѪ졣
һɲǣҶͬʱ˸ӦƺսѪϢڷɿĽӽš
ңٶȷǳ졣
ҶƵĶһۣͻȻ䣬˵ٴһŤͷ
Զձ΢һһѪͷ·𴩹֮һ㣬ֱӴձݴ͸˽ֱҶһķ
ǵѪӽ棬ٶȿʼٵļѪҲܹˡ
ɲǣҶɫش䡣
սѪ죡
ǵѪ⣬ȻһսѪ졣
ǵѪսѪ죬ҶսѪϢȫһ
ҶսѪ죬Ǵս⡢ɱ⡢ɷĻ壬սѪ챾ϢȴǳС͸һĪѪζ
ѪչɲǣͷսѪ죬ѪһͻȻ޷Զ
սѪ쾹ȻҶһޱ˷ܵĸоҶսѪ˷Ŀ꣬ӦþѪ졣
ѪսѪйϵ
ҲҶɻ󵱿ڣѪȫչһ˰ħħħĽħ
λħֵɲǣޱȾתһͣĴܱߡ
ħ壿
Ҷ濴ɲǣλħеͷħħӵĿͿҶ档
Ҷɲǣӵɫͱˡ
壿
ޱȵѿ𾪡
Ҷ⣬ϹħĴ֮أħʹб죬
ǣϹħĴ֮أȻһ壬̫ˡ
Ǵܵĵ۶ͻȻһħһޱȵ𾪡
ɨһۣħħӾҶķֵΧȥɱˣǸ壬ܣ
ϹħĴ֮أÿһǱ֮ģǵˣͬΪħħ಻⡣
οһһħ塣
޴·ĺһƿ𣬰ħɰ˵ߣҶһ˷ٰΧ
ҶĿ⣬ȴۼǵͷѪ⡣
ǸħħͷͷѪ⣬Ǵǽ⴫֮صѪ졣
ѪԶԶδԸǽ˵ϹħĴоڷָ
ԣʱǿִơ
ҶȴЩħеѪȤ׼ȷ˵ҶеսѪ죬ЩħͬһԴѪȤ
Գ־ɱİλħҶûжǣֻЦ
ЩħҶҲҪȥǣ˭սѪȤء
ɾЩħɲǣҶһռ䣬漣
ԭޱȵѪɫأͻȻͱ
һѪۼһ𣬷ɿŤţ˲ϢͻһϢǿѪɫħꡣ
ЩѪɫħոֵɲǣһҰһУؼѪ⿪ʼɿ۹ȥ
ЩѪɫħϢʼɿ
ȴôһЩѪɫħĿ죬ΪϢͷ·һڽʸߣ󲿷ѪɫħϢٶȲ졣
ΪԽٶԽ
󲿷ѪɫħΪһ˲ȻٶȾͷŵĺ
ֻһɲͨ񾳣ͨ񾳵һħ굱УҲֻаɲſԼΪͻƵ
ͻƵľ͸ˡ
ǣܲסడ
̶һĹҶȥܱĿܼ֮Բ֮ڣֵѪɫħͳ˶ʮ
Ҫǣԭȱ鲼ؾİ׹ǣʱҲһһȱĹͷӵãȻĶƴһͷһͷ׹˸УΧۼ䣬һͨսʿͳϡ
ЩսʿϢ仯󣬵ǣĹͷȴǷޱȣҶĿ⿴ȥεĹͷĽΪĴڵĹͷ
һ㣬עЩ׹սʿޱȵǿ
ֲǣЩ׹սʿЩѪɫħ껹Ҫ࣬Ҷ濴ͷƤ顣
Ҳڴʱ¡һ죬ħͽҶԶԶİΧ˵ɱ⼤ſҶϡ


2010 
壬ν뵽ħ񴫳֮صģ򣬱һַãܣ
λħҶΧ֮󣬲ûмŶ֣ħħӷָҶ
ĿһΧӵһĿֶҶ㣬Ϊӵи߹Ѫһ壬Ȼһһʲô뵱ͽ𣿡
ħħڵսӣѪħҪһ㣬ǸٵĻ볬ǿķٶȴսãȴħħڲĵλħ
Ҷһۣ۽Ǿ㸡ֳЦݡ
Ѫ죬ʲôҶ治ʡ
Уձ΢΢˼£ǼѪƾմձݣڻɵУȻ˲Ϣ˷
ͷսѪ죬ٴη˷ܵĲ
ħħҲ˲ϽⷽصѪ⣬һ˿ɫ֮࣬
֪
ϣץģ
һ£ħӸֶħڵħħƾճһϣʽͬҳǹԻһɫҶ
Щħٶȼ죬λħӶɲǣξȻ֮ʧˡ
ЦŵҶͻȻ˻һ޷ޱȵһַĿ־壬ͻȻʹгɢ˷
ণ
ħһ츳ج
һַΧʽجγļǿ档
ħ֮УΪﵽͨ񾳣ʩչجγҪʩչجȴҪԪʩչ
ڴ֮ǰҶħ˧һֱ޷ʩչجΪħ˧ǿҲֻһҶһķûԪ顣
ڣȴ˶Ԫ飬һɫԪ飬ܹʩչجˡ
ħһĴм䣬جʮجγ˵ʩչߵԪΪԽǿ˺Խֲ
ͬһɲǣеħ¶ʹޱȵ顣
ǵܵĳǵ˲̶ͬȵʧء
һĺɫ˲ϢʧأԭΪٶȼʧеλħħҲֱӴֳΡ
ҶԾǣλĽħج֮£һǺ˾һ㶫ģβȡ
ҶĳԾǳԾ֮󣬷ӳڻħߵ츳ǿ
ҶɲɵõսҶǾԲģ
һ̤
ˮһɫشҶĽɢ˷
ش
ҶԼ͸ĵشͨȫʩչҶΪͽ֮
ʩЩħϵھ˽£˲Ϣǧҡ
һĽŵ£ǹһɽһЩħ˲Ϣ½һеȥ·ʧһ㡣
ͷħħҲ⡣
ܵجǲ
ֻԪһһĪľָС
־Ҳô̵һɲǣǳ־ʧˡ
ӾֵģҶĵش
شֵɲǣξͲܿƵ׹䡣
棬ǿ԰Ƶĸھ۵ħùħ
İ˿̻Ӷ̩ɽҪĵ˵ӶٶҲޱȡ
Ҳһɲǣ·ųɫҶ棬һ֣ʹҶзɳ
٣ɻ˰
ޱȵĵϢ们޶еϢԼԪͬһɲǲ
һɲǣȴҲǻħħʱ̡
ʧ䣬æ֮С
ݣ
̶ƿռХڳֵһɲǣʧ
ٶͻ֮ĶȴԸܵ
ҲһɲǣӵУҶʧˡ
սֱӵͫ͵˼¡
ԥģ˲ȶεӣŨɫ⻪ɲǣֻһ£Լ
ͷһ׹ͬһɲǾй
עҶ浽ʲôһɢź鱦ϢĺɫǶܣͶطɳͷ
ͷϳֵ׹ͻУ̺ӿ־Ϣ
ˮͰϸľףǼɫǶܷɳǰݺݵй֮˲Ϣͺ䴩ӵĻڹ⡣
йǲµƵĺ֮ϡ
֮ϵһɲǹ⻪ţ·һֱסס
Ǿױħ޸ħ壬żĿơ
ҪǣҶľף׹޷ġ
׹Ҷĺ鱦׹ûȫɳںϲģʹһ˿һϢ
Ҷ֮ǰΪޣѹ޷׹֮ǴһϢ
ڣҶΪ֮ǰأֹ˼ٱ
׹֮еһƴһϢͱҶ漤˾֮ϡ
ô˿һϢأ
ϢǺĳʱĵһ֮а
ټһ˵ԭʯͷľ֮Ľ
һϢȴʯͷһޱȵײǣ
ħħЩ޳ƣڸһ֮׵ĺ£ֱ߽⡣
ĪĽζ
ӵߵǲֱӱ˻ҽڶҲ˽̼
ħħͷ֣Ǵŭ
Ϊħ֮еħսϣٶŰˣ죬ȴŰˡ
ħǿ󣬿ľٶȡ
һʧȥٶȣôɫħͻΪ׸⡣
ʱҶĵشͳǵĿǡ
ɫĸǶ滯ɵĶӵĺ鱦ĹǶܸסˣӸոһɲǡ
ɫٴһ䣬Ĺ޹ǶܵϢȻʼٵ˥
ҲڴʱӵԪͻһ͵̧ͷͿͷѪͻȻʧˡ
ޱȷŭ˫۶رУ·һй߶޷һ㡣
ɫа˫۵ע£ǰһУޱȵ
Ҷη·һһͷһӶһֻԪĴֱ֣ӽͷѪ죬ҲǴбȥˡ
һ
һŭطеɢ
ɢſֲϢɫУƾҶܱ֣߳ݵиҶ棬ܼи֮£ÿһиķ飡
ŭ֮£ֱӶǿط
ҵģ
ǴźرƺһֵĴ죬ͻȻҶȻ͵һ
ɢſֲط֮ɫУȫŴ֮С
βĴֳԭ˶ĶƤʱĵСɽһ
ž޴ƤűãͣĸŷɿͱεĶƤүģүүһ¿ţҳԳˣ
ħħӣɵۣ


2011 ˶ࣿ
Լ޴ĶƤĹ⻪ϵĴϷɢ͹СɽĶƤ
ô£ۡ˼ƨĶӿʼۿɼٶȱȥ
ħħɵ֮࣬춼ˡ
Ŷõģط֮˵ǽǵǿߣһ֮£Ҳش
ǰصһļһȻһɱв˵ۼƨˡ
ҶһϲĿһ顣
ЩӣѪдطҶӽȥ͵ʬ壬Եһɶ
Ȼ˵ֻж̶̼ʱ䣬ǿҶʱռҶֻǼ죬ǿѾ˽ˡ
ô̺žǿߵʬ塢ҩ֮ȥΪһޱȾ˵
ΪֱӴ˽ء
ٶȣֱӺš
Щӵд̫ŻϹŵĸ߹Ѫ塣
ֻҪѪǿڵ֮ǰǵΪûκƿġ
㹻ĵرΪǿڶʱͻͽġ
岻ͬΪҪһһεۣͬģڲط֮ʱ򣬱ȴҪһ㡣
׸شͻƵ
壬ӽ۷ͻƵһؿڡ
ңͻƵĵΪҲǳĻ
ԣµΪֹ̫컯ˣҲûгơ
ǣģ˵ˡ
˵ص˵ڸص﹩Ѿ١
̡
ԣ̶̼ڣһ˵ΪȣǷǳֲģ䡢ǧ̵ˣȻҲзطƵĸ־ѪȣǣͲԶˡ
ҲΪԭҶղŲŰ黹Ū˳ǼǣӦӦԼ
Ҷû뵽ǣһ֣ͽˡ
ԭһҶѾ˶֮иոɵΪļԸֵ
û뵽һھ͸ˡ
ɼǵΪˣ츳ͨҲǴȵ
Ҷһɻ
顢ԡͫĸȫֻһȱ½ϵѪȴȫǳԲȱġ
ǵѪ̫綼Щϡȱ
ԡ顢Ǻͫ
һ㣬ҶЩ졣
ʱȴҶ룬ҲħħӶ롣
ΪͬʱӴλħĲҽ쳹
һλħ֮ǰǱҶجľ֣ת
ǱҶĵشŪʧصȥ
ѹӰСèӰһֱӾͽڰ״̬ĽصħԴĳϡ
Եȴͷһ
ͷһЩմǵĹˣ鰾Ƶĸִһȫзݡ
һԭͽڵΪˣ⼸֮£Ϊֱӿ쭵˽غڡ
Ÿ˶ĶĿԴϣѾԳ졣
˵ͷ̫ޣΪһͻƵͻ½츳ͨ
ͷ֮⣬ΪԾѾ츳ͨ
ˣһ츳ܹͨͬͷʹޱȣ˵ǾˣǾͷԭ
ʱſɫͬĶĿԴϣม֣Ҳӵ
˿̣ͷľŸԴ·Ÿһ㣬ݺݵ˺ҧסڵħ
ħѪ׷ɣһȥħİԴͲˣ⼸Դһһ;޴ħͱһȱƲ
գۼĹħͱͷɵˡ
ҶԾǣͷһ̳ħѪ֮ΪٴοʼͻƵصƣ
֮£ĿǱ߾Щѷɫˡ
ĿԸոյڵΪһλħ֮ǰѹ£Ҳֻռš
ͬģҶԸһλħڳŹجش֮󣬾սƾ
⻹ǿĻħռţҶȻԵħΪģĵǲ˵㡣
ҵģħĹ򣬾ͱͷ桢Сè˸ɵˣǧûô֣Щ֮սͽˡ
ҶҲûţһǿֲϢط֮Ҷľ׻иǶ棬ͷһйȥ
Ҷ֮³˴ӣȴǷٺˡ
һΣ˷֮£˵ķɳ죬һڹʹŽħ˵ʮ֮⡣
ȻָΧҶһŭСӣΪ˶࣡
һ֣ħƾճ֣


2012 ѪԵ
һɲǵĹħħĹ⻪Уķɳǧʽװħ
ЩħΪħΪÿǧħжʮħ졣
ЩħΪԽΪÿǧ֮Уֻһڵħ
ħħҲûţй⻪ɳҲ˴Ƭħ
ʵڵСųħ࣬ΪΪٶˡ
ħǧˡ
ЩȫԼ˽
ΪγֵϹħĴУЩħڲҲħࡣ
ڴϣħһ壬Ǿ嵽Ϲħ񴫳еᣬ֮ÿһǾ֡
ڽ֮ǰԼεġ㹻ҳϵ˽롣
ħڲйϹħ񴫳оⷽ棬Ѿ˾顣
֮ǰеͬ鱻ҶɵǶԣʲôɽܵĴ¡
ǣҶ潫еĴбˣǷǳˡ
бͨԼѪطԽ͵ؾڴؾ֮иָħ񴫳ڵķ򣬸пǻħ񴫳еԿ׺͹ؼ
ԣѪ챻ҶߵɲǣӾͼˣԥķųԼ׼ڹؼʱõ˽
ܶشѪ죬ξͰˡ
ͬģλħħҲͬ뷨
ԭǱӵƨɺ£ѰҵϹħĴвܹ뷨ᡣ
ڣӶ˴Ѫ죬ǾͲһˣʱܹΪ
Ȼ˵ÿһǧľ˽ӵ˽˵ҪٵĶࡣ
ս飬Ҫ˲֪¹˭֡
ҪȻұȱͺ
ʱǧħһ޴ĺչʱ֮УǧħֳǹҼǺľ޴ǹ
ǹ΢ᣬһ޷ݵĲɱǵصĴ˷й
ʱ±ߵؾ֮۳ɵħħѾϣɿγɱڵľ
һЩħ۳˹ʸʼеħ
üͷһ壬һ֣´֮ħ任ŵϵħħȥ
񶯼䣬Щħ˲Ϣͼٵ˼£еʽǹҫµķƣħĺڹΪһ塣
գ۵ĹǧħǺɫһ˵ħħȺ֮У۵ͣ
ǧħһĻߣڵһ˳գǵĳǹϣٵĶһħ߻ħ
ģǺ«һ㴮źüħͻħ
еɲǣǹһ񣬴żµĻϢĺɫǳǹȼЩڳǹϵĻħ̵ʱڻ˻ҽ
ЩǿĹħȻһʱû飬ȴħֱðֱԴ˷ĩ
ЩһʼͱԶģòˡ
һУЩħ켫
һɲǣɫٴη·һ棬Щħչһصĳ档
̶һʱ䣬ʮڸո۵ħĹħͱ¾һա
һĻҶ΢΢һ
˵ħŵǿͿֲ˵һħţһǷҪʮΪӵȥ
ǰҶȴûϹħսѹûʶħĿֲ
죬ҶȴǼʶˡ
ֹѹֱյ
ٶ뼼ɣһչų棬ͬΪӣҲǵֵס
οǰּ侫ͽɵľħţսϣɱһĴڣǼսʱ
ҶԾĵڣӲûʣЩħֻ֣ǰΧǣǧǹâļҶϣҶһâڱĸо
˵ʵָоǳܡ
飬Ļ׶ɢ˴ĿĹ⻪˶ĶƤ˿̸ںһ㣬ɶ
λħħȶɣӵж
ϱһ¶⣬ħڸڵͨýʱ򣬲ǵĻᡣ
ħħӿͷϢȵսѪ죬ҶеĴб죬ɫаӣгһϸ졣
еѪ죬ԿǷһ
ħħħڲĹĶǣ
״ʱλȶɣ̣ҪǣһչսҲûаٷְٵİսѪõС
֮һʼս£лġ
һѪ䵽УӶϹħ񴫳еĻᣬһ롣
ϹħĴа
νϹħ񣬾컯ˡ
ħ廹壬壬ӵ۷ͻƵΪ컯һؼһż
ž޵ţĿżϵļֱ
ǵõһλϹħĴУǿżĿԽɱɱߡ
οܹõϹħĴУô˵ħһڣħڲὫޱԴб
ʱͻƳΪ컯˵Ŀԣֽɱ
ңʱ޷ͻƳΪ컯ˣϹħĴУܸĺô͸ǿʵ
ԣÿһʸģڼƵõϹħĴС
лֱӴǰõѪ죬⡣
ʱԲðգһҲð
Ҫ
Ҷ˻иոյֵĴѪ죬ͻظһ˿Цݡ
ţѪ죬ǾʹȥħһģħħӴӦĺ档
һԵȶɣϸһ˿ŭɫҲӵ̣ʱɵ£ֻš
ΨһϣģǰĹͷӲһ㣬
Ȼⲻ̫ܡ
һɲǣȶɣλħħУͻȻ͸һ˿ľϲ
ҪҴүңҶжĴѪЦ
ӵɫʱǺ죬ŭ壬
ô˵ھܾඣ
ҶٺһЦһ֣ͷսѪͷ˹սѪѪչɲǣҶ־ͽϢ΢ĴѪ˹ȥ
Ҷ߶սѪѪⶸһͷ·һͷһǴѪȥ˲ϢǴѪʧӰ١
Ҫ
ң
ŭ
ˣһʲôҵģҶ۾Цгһ졣
ƶϣȷġ
սѪ⴫Ѫ첻йϵпͬһԴ
ڷţսѪǴѪ֮󣬱û˿ڵıԴ˵ƷʣȴԵ
ҶĸоУ洫Ѫ֮սѪ鱦żˡ
ĴѪи٣սѪƷף˵ͿΪ鱦ˡ
ҶĿ⣬ɵĿԶʣϵһѪձݴ档


2013 ɱ
ϹħĴؾ֮ڣһѪɲǣʮӰʱʹѪз
ʮӰǱˣħĵϵħ̫Ӵơ
ʮӰһɲǣͱѾۺѵħħΧˡ
ЩΪͨ񾳵ħħЩ˲ɲ˶в
ħ֮ͷ졢ִƴѪĵͷеĵֻѪϼ䣬һ̺ĪܵѪɨ
˲Ϣǰǧڵħħͱնɱ
ħҲǸչɱУɱЩֱɱ
Щħħûγɾ֮ǰɲ˶Ӱ졣
˵ģȴħ̫Ӵơ
Ҳôһ̤֮й⻪΢ܷԲǧ֮ڵħħϢĻ˷ĩ
УһǽڵĹħ
һĻһħĵϵӢ۾Ϊ֮һ
գ۵Ĺ򣬷ԲʮħħͱգͣͬʱĿⶼִƴѪĵ
ôжҪģϾִŴѪ졣
ֻڴѪָ£׼ȷҵϹħĴڡ
Ҳڴʱħ̫ӴͻȻִƴѪֺȵ
üͷһ壬ħ̫ӴƵݣǱʾһ̶ϵ˳ӣ̫ӣҪʲô
ʲô
ħ̫ӴĿܻĶ˸ոձջصָƼĴѪϣ˼ײ
һʶĽеĴѪ커˻
⴫Ѫ¹شѰҵϹħ񴫳еĹؼǾԲҲܽƵġ
ħ̫ӡ
̫ӵ£ǾͺãҵϹħĴ֮أʱ򣬴Ҹƾᡣ˵
̫Ӵû˵ͦı΢΢ʶһ£ĿһȥĶһ¡
û˵һ֣˼ȴײ
Ҫ⴫ѪңĿһޱߵɷɱȥλϢ˲ؾѹ
ƣ
ħҲͷôܻᱻ̫ӵƸѹ
ɫһ𣬰ĵϢʱɢ·ʾһ㣬ԼϢȫɢеĴѪյĸˣħ̫ӴƶԿ֮⡣
Ϣһʱͽһ̫ӴƵϢѹȥˡ
Ͼ̫ӴƵΪֻн۷塣
ԭЩŵħĵϵӢЩˣͷҲһɡ
ϾѪԼкħ̫Уȫһġ
Ķ
һߣһ˵Ϊֻǰһħ̫Ӵƾͳǰ
Ӧ̫Ӵ֣ͷ·ƾմ̽һ·һ㣬ĿĲϡ
ӹһ˿ɫħ֮УħһĿֲһֱһ˵ظĴ˵ˣһûҲûܸһŸɡ
ǽ죬ȴʶħһֲʵ
Ȼûп߻ӴƵĶ
չǵ۷ǿߣһת壬Ǹֽһ㣬ɽ
Ȼת̫ӴƵƸһ㡣
״Ц
ǣħ̫ӴƵЦݣʱȴӵĿ⣬ڿ׳һ
˶ĶĿ΢΢һֱϵѪ͵͹ֱϵļ˲ϢǴȦˢˢˢˮ쳹
ħ̫ӴѪеѪҺʹĳˢ
ͬʱɫͱˡ
ĻǣʹĲƵ˫ּ쳹ŷ
̫סĲӣۿɼٶȥ
˫¶˾֮ɫ
ԥģԭµ˫ȭ͵߬𣬴ųҵѪ棬Ŵ̫Ӻȥ
ͷĵֻĿ֮УǺĿѪ⡣
в֮£ȫˣħ̫Ӵơ
ɵ۷ȭȫԼϣҵ̺ƵѪ̫ӴƵţѩһɿڡ
۷ȭȫ£ֻ̫ӴƵԵĻζһ¡

촽³޸ۣħ̫ӴƵֻ˶ĶĿ֮У͵غһֱԺɫѪɫΪʹ⻪
ֱӽѪȻֱĺĵ֮С
ߵΪһͻƵԭͻᱻΪ
ʱһ׼ȭ͵ؾͱģĴ£ոӿѪ棬Ҳʹ˷ɿɢ
ûĴˣ
һЦħ۷ǿĲӣħ̫ӴƵֵ£һ޻һ˸״
һ״ģԴ
գۼ䣬Դͱһ࣬ħ̫ӴƲĵӵһԡ
ѵԴУȴһֱûԪݳ
һĻʮһλħħħǣз׷׸˾֮ɫ
۷һλڰħ̫Уһֱӱɱ
ɱ
ħ̫ӴƵʵжֲ
Ҳʱ̣ħ̫ӴƸУȡ淺ѪĴѪ졣
ĿƳʮһλħĵϵӢʱ̲סĴһս
Ӵ˿Ǹű̫ӣӱ̫ӵĺûɣ̫ӴƵĿ⣬Ĳһ˿顣
û⣬ҵԸ̫Ӻһ˵ȣ˵ˡ


2014 ŵĿ
Լ棬Ҷ潫Ѫˣħħӵķŭ޷ݵġ
ɱ̳𣬾ɵҶ档
ǣӵĿ⣬ȻҶͷսѪϡ
Ѫ죬ĴѪǳ񣬶ҾȻܹĴѪ졣
һˣͷһ
µǧ˽ѵĸ괫ָܹʹֻҪһ񣬾ܹᵽͼ
ͬһɲǣʣһǧħ񣬾ͽΧķĳҶ
ǸȶɣҲɵµħϢҶһ˵ȡ
ǣȶɣλħȴ΢΢һͷƮսѪ
ɫһɲǣҶϵЦȴǸʢˡ
˶ʵϷҲܰ棡
һ֣ҶؿͻȻ⣬֮УĳɽƵħӣҶؿں֮
ӡȶɣĿɿڴע£ھŴİٽɱڵ̤
ҵȲμ˧˧ʾ£
׼ս
һ£߼򵥶ֱӵľ´£һħϢʱԾΪλӳһ塣
ָѪɫеѪɫܣһ˲
Ѫɫɱس𣬽ħŵɱĶһɢ
һ䣬ǿҶĿ⣬ȴӵȤˡ
ܹЯԳһ硢ܽС磬ǷǳҲǳġ
Լ˵ΪŬô꣬С֮Уֻװǧˡ
ԣһνֻǧħ˽
ȶɣλħڵС磬ֻܽŵһǧˡ
ڣҶһ֣ͳྫħ꣬ӴҶע⡣
ֱʵģҶڵԳһС磬ƷӦòر
ǰྫħ꣬ȴ˿û
һǧħ񣬱˵ħ꾫񣬾԰ʮħ꾫Ҳûʲô
߹ѡ
ħһŵͷһѪսɱɲǴġ
һ֣ѾԲڸո۵ħ;ѵĹħĲħţ˲Ϣӹγ˾
棿ͻȻЦ
֪˼ȶɣҲЦһָһĸָ
ĴΣ̫ˣЦҡͷһΣֻҪһΣܽǳ壡
ҪҪģҪһغ֮ڳ壬Ѫ͡
˵꣬ȶɣλħͽͷҡĸ˹һ㡣
ֵսǰλħȻЦɼǵжš
ҶУ˿ȴ֮ɫ
ħŵͷɱġ
ħţȴǵһθħս
ҶСģСġ
ˣ
ͷ֮ʣͷսѪͻȻѪ⣬ÿһѪⶼ׼ȷޱȵͶ·ħϡ
ʱҶħսɱͷ·һ
һӣرѪѪģһɱһ㣬ջɵѪɨһա
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
һ£ͬʱŭ
มһ˿Ц޴Ƹ߸߾˻ŭ棡
Ҳһɲǣ߿еҶ棬ٴһ̤
ش
ɫɲǣ˲Ϣ͸˷ԲʮķΧ
ǽڳħ˽ȥӡȶɣ˵ɫرñһŲӬҪѿ
ǸոҶϳ˴ܵΪҶشķΧ̫û뵽Ȼܹ˲Ϣ串ǷԲʮﷶΧڵȫħ
ɲǼ䣬µħһǺ˾һ㣬׹䡣
ʵħһħţٶ֮⣬ʵħ֮вôƫεġ
һʮˣܹսʤͬǿߣԽ󣬼սԽ
ǣҶĵشһЩħʧȥٶƣ˾ֱӷǵļơ
ɷҶµħţʱȴͬȺһѪɫ⻪·йһ㣬˷ħš
ǧħʱǻһҶħŸǺš
һʮնɱһħǰٵٵء
ѪУһħҽŴе䣬кߺͺھŴžĽħ꣬ոЩħ
ͷսѪʱҲչ·һѪɫһ㣬ϵЩħɱ֮Ѫնɱ֮Ӷݳꡣ
ÿһ㾫Ѫ꣬սѪĹ⻪ͻһ֡
ôһɲǣмپħҶħŸնɱˡ

ӶȻϢĵ䣬֮ǰشֻۿɼٶȷɿĸԭš
˸λħս
ɾڴʱҶٴһ̤ӡȶɣ˵ĵ㣬ǰǿҵɫ
ʱӡȶɣ˵ξҵҡ˵Ľºͳϣͬɽһޱȵĳء
˲Ϣ䣬ħʧȥٶƣڱΧŹ¡
ǵĶ֣ǣ
һЦĿҶ桢Сèͷͳȥ
ĿˮͰϸľ׺ȥɲǣǧǿҵԪ鲨Ҳɢ˷
ǧʩչٻͨ


2015 ؾʯ

ٳ
ȫˣ
֮ħħӾӲһǣ˸͵ӵ˼ʮ￪⡣
ڹһһߴʮ׵ĺɫǹسӵУԪɲǼסҶ档
£ǣ
ݣ
һڹ˲Ϣؼһй߸һ㣬ųĲӰҶ档
ǱԪɲǣһ޷ݵıϢͳײҶС
һַ۵ĸо
ԥģ˵һսֱҶһΣӰس֣һӰӭǺɫʸ
һӰҶ汾壬ȴǷٵĺˡ
䣡
ʸ׼ȷҶӰҶӰķ飡
ȴûκֹͣ˼Ŀ䣬ǣ˿ϧģһһÿһ㾡ȫ
˵һȥǵǿӲӣҲҪԿ
û˿ԥģҶһΣֳӰܼɢ˷
ոշֳҶӰͱһһ顣
Ҷʱ̫ˣÿֳӰֱӱ顣
Ԫ£ֵüֵȫ֮£Ҷѹ޷ܡ
ҲֻдԼϢӰܵһһ
ܿģҶ澳Ŀԥģһȭңңӡ
һȭĿֱӶȫΪط֮ƺƵĳӡ
ͬһɲǣҶؿɫëһС
СģһҶϮ̵ʱڣһľܣҶ档
ҶսѪһӣ󷽵һ֧ǧ˵Զħ겿ӣָԶ̾еӸ˹ȥ
Ԯ֮£ǿħħӣҲòֹͣҶȫ䡣
Хһ΢΢һ񣬾ͳ˼ʮ￪⣬еĹ˲Ϣˡ
ûҶĵشǣħٶȣǷǳĿֲġ
书Ψ첻ƣȷġ
ڴͬʱҲһ
֮ƴˣҲҪ룬ȫɱ׷ɱҶĻᡣ
ΪҶĵشֲ̫ˡ
ѹľħŵĿǡ
ħţǼħҲҶĵش˵ġ
ΪսħߣҶһӵѹԵơ
ȴΪҶĵشͨһʼţѹŴ
̶Ĺڣɵľħͳǧˣ˴ˡ
ޱȵʹġ
ǧħ񣬿ĵϵͷⰡÿһǱսϣܹ
û뵽ȴķ֮һ
ң𣬻ڲš
ҪǣҶĵشӰ£µľħ볷ˣҲûл᳷ˡ
˷ŵһĻ
Ҷ汻ȫƴɱȻûʱʩչشˡ
һڱɱɾľħŷ׷ػٶȣٵӵķ򼯺˹ȥ
ȶɣλħҲǾޱȷḻս
ٶȻָ˾󣬽Ⱦۼħ˹ǹʼ˸ѹơ
⸲ֻܶħŽΪһػĻһ㲨
ԽԽ࣬ټȶɣλħȫϣܿ˺ħŵػĻ˴
£ҶħҲ׷̫
ȶɣˣھ벻̫Զ£ɱħŵĽ죬ĸĸ
£ӳȥħħžγ˶š
ħűͬʱϵĺ˵ģЭЩħؾ
ϧǣտʼãħħŵͼ˫־ͬʱһħʱͿʼɱЩûӳȥħ
Сè;ͷײÿһɲǣܸɵüħ
գǧħ˳ǧʬ֮󣬻ȴʮ￪⡣
ӡȶɣλħɫޱȡ
ȶõ㣬һǧپħ˽һǧһ࣬ɣµһǧپħ˽ֻʣ²Ű٣ţ
ħħӸңǧħ˽ģǧ
ҪǣĿѰϹħ񴫳еĴѪ춪˲˵ҶģҲûж
ңӸŵشħͨҶ棬Ǳһ֧£ѹնɱġ
ǿΪ֮Щ˵ȫ
Ҳɱ֮ˣȻѾûϣ;Բ˷һ˿һ

һ߳ħĴ󲿶Ӿͳˮ㼸źȴֻħħһǰ
ĶҶһֱۣҶģԪϢӡȻޱײеҶȻһĶ
״ҶȴЦˣӱȻһָ
б£ھ㣡
ӵɫѿˣһѸתԶȥ˲Ϣʧ
ħ𡭡
һҶ
ش˧սҲսʮˣˣս˰ʮһˣ˳ǧˣ
Ҷĵ˵ͷսħŵ£Ѿ԰ˡ
ǣûҶشĸһսս¾Ҫдӿֲˡ
ˣ
Ҷ濴Զ鿪ʼᣬϢʵڲħħ˼
ҶȽϹħ񴫳ؾɿѰʱûκջ
һѪ룬ϹħĴؾȴ˱仯
ɼϹħĴУôõģϹħ֮ǰ϶˲ֶΡ
ֶʲôأ
ңҶ濴Щħеħ𣬾ǱһѪġ
֮ҶǰÿһѪ⣬¶пܴһλǿħĴڡ
֮ǰҶӦѪ⣬ʮ
Ϲħ񴫳ؾʱѾһ޴ɱ¾սѰϹħ񴫳еô࣬ħ񴫳ֻһ
ǣϹħ񴫳أ
˼䣬ҶĿʶĿսѪ졣
ǸӵѪǵִ֮ϢѾ΢ˣޱȵϢ΢Ѫ졣
£ǸսѪѪ죬˵ʲôҪá
Ϲħ񴫳ؾ֮УʲôҪģͲԶˡ
һˣҶͳ׵ĳսѪϸϸĸӦ
ɲǼ䣬Ҷ͸Ӧһ޵

ϹħĴλڣп
ǡ
´ʱҶȴסˡ
ĹǰɢҵħħѾԷγ˾ţϵµĶ˵ǰߣϢҲһٴ
ЩħħţٿԸħţһֵ뷨ͻȻ͸Ҷͷ
ҲڴʱؼͻȻһ¡¡죬һСɽʯͻȻӵص׺¡¡ʯϣһѪ䣬ɱ޷ֱӵĴ֣


2016 һ䴩
ǿߣɵñУ
ŸѪɫ֣ɢŴĿޱȵѪ⣬⼸ֵÿһÿһ·ӡأɢɱս⡣
ʯһֵɲǣĿֱ˹ȥ
ͬʱͷҽ
˵˫ĿУȻ˲Ѫᡣ
Сģ֡
Ծ֮£Ҷ棬ҲֻС۽ǵܲѪɫϳɱĳ
ʯȥĿ죬Ŀ졣
̶̼ں¡¡ľУûصʧ
˫вѪᣬͷ·ûֹһ
ǿ߿ɵôУϹħҪʲôҶ˼
ħڲڲڣѡ֮ҿⷽؾڵϹħ񣬴ľɡ
ɱǿߣħĴУ
ҿģʮѪ⣬Ǿʹʮ֧ͬ񷽲ħһһҶ˵
ࡣ˵ͷ
ǿߣߵ˵ɾͶˣ
ҶǶظһ˿ЦȻˣǾ벶ȸں󣿡
ԣ۾һ˵飬ϲ˵ô棿
Ҷûϻش𣬶ǽĿͶ·ħ
𣿡
һĶƤ˼ǣ
Ϲħ񴫳ؾɽҰĲħ𣿡
ֿԱʵ飬ΪʲôأҶЦ
ûãҶһ˾ƾʧˣֻһ֧ħǺɨһ㣬ɽҰħħɨȥ
ò˵ЩħħĸʵҲȷʵǿҲִټɵľţҲǿս
Ǳߺͺھǲһ㡣
ЩħħȻѵЩ죬ƾֻǹﱾָս
ҶĺߺͺھţȴħУսһһսɱָӹ١
ħսӣޱѵʶ֧ʣ಻˵ħţָӵָʹ
ңҶδħţΪ͵Ķأƾ
һ·ϣҶʲôûв롣
һħǰںߺͺھŵָ£һ·Ϻɨȥ
Ҫǣ֧ħţսѪֻ֧֣Ҫǵնɱħ꣬ƶԻָ
ħʱЩħɱ¾֮ʱܸɵħ֮ħһɢԼ
һ·ɨȥҶµħŵʵڳȲС
սѪҲս˴ıնɱħڳ׳С
Ψһ鷳ЩǳĹħħ˲š
Ҷ桢һļһЩħҲһš
һɱ¾֮ҶħżԱûһ٣ǽħȴͻƵһǧ
ȫЩΪҵħͻֵ֮ġ
ħʵһУһ
ȵȣ㿴
ѹʵɱ䣬ͬҶ̫ûħģ飬ͻȻָָԶա
ԶУһѪڸ߿Ʈţɱ졣
͡Ҷͺһ
󷽵һħĶʱɶ
֮ǰħսУҶûô͡ⱦΪոأҪħսвСĹˣҶǿ޶
־սþͷǳˡ
ҶôҲûħģɱ
Ҷȴڴ߰ٶʮλħ걣⣬СèʱҲڴĻ
һвԣȫŴ͡
ѾһѪޱȣҪǱȥƿıҶ
ǧŰʮħӣЩħսǿ󣬴˿ڽɱħħš˼Ϣ㱨
˼һ£Ҷѹȥ
ŷһɲǣħɱڵЩɱħħӡ
ĽˣҶŷ֣Զһħ壬ħ֮еıȡ
ıҲħ֮еս壬ȴַŮ
Ů׳ߴʮϣÿһսޱȵ
ıСȴޱǿɫͶе׺ıȿʩչָǿ
˵ħսһͻţôıȾţֽɹ˿صš
ЩԵıʩչԸŮıṩǿĸͱṩǿĻ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ҶԣıȾűŸѲһ㡣
Ȼ֧ıȾŲûнҶһ֧Ӳɱȥħŷ
ʱ֧ıȾԵһ˵ħħϾţΪȣǿ
֧ıȾţʮǵĵǰͷ··һ
ߴ׳͵ǧŮıţֳֵİѹעȥһħ⵽ΧŹһֱӱ顣
һǧͽСıȣıָӡɢĪܵһһйȥ
ħ͹ħл˷ɻҡ
ҶϸĹ۲һ£һоλıȵķκΪıԵ
˵صıȣλڵıȣȫĽСԡ
УνĴѪ죬ִǿλ۷ıС
ҶĿ꣬洫Ѫ졣
ܿģЩıȾע⵽Ҷ֧ٽӽħӣȴѹû
ִѪıȣֻƳһۣıȾУͷֳһǧ·һŮıȣԼıȣӭ
ɣĿ⿴Ҷ档
ŵ㣬ȽӽҶ濴һִѪıȡ
׼䴩
Ҷһ£ߺͺߵָ£ֲħĸǧλħ꣬Ȼһͷһ㣬ۼ˾ǰ
Ȼħ˲ؼ٣һѪɫͷһ㣬ıȾżȥ
ͷ׳ޱȵŮıȷЦţȻѾɱʮħǣѹħŷ
һɲǣЩŮıȵɫͱˡ
ǧħɵļͷЩ󲿷ΪҵŮıȣѹԵơ
ΪϵѹƣǵǿҲ޷ֿ
ҪǣҶ桢顢ǧ⼸λΪսԽͨħ꣬ڼͷǰαװħ꣬һ⵶һ㣬ֱֹ֧С;ŵࡣ
˵ǰûа֮С
ǳͷҶʱڶ֮Уһ
˲ϢĹ򣬾䴩֧һǧ˵ŮıȾš
ЩĽСıȣһĿ£һƹȥֱ
һĹһǧŮıȻıȾȫû
ЩĽСıȾֵĽͲҽ˲ϢִѪĵıɫ䡣
һ֣ǧŮıȷɹɲǣǾλλ쳣ıȣͬʱ˹


2017 С֮ϲ
ǾλλıȲĸǧ·һŮ󣬰ѾʼǵָƼ
һΣҶ֧ħţλһĵϵӢȫ
ǸִѪģҵģҶ׼ȷĴһֵѵĶС
ɱ
Ҷŭ߳һģǾ׵ƿ
⼸һɲǼͿԽʮľ룬ǾĽСıȺС
ҶСè֮Уٶ졣
һĵϵӢȻҲǾþս
ӿɱָķһ䣬һһޱȵɵܷɳĻǰ
Сèһֱһƽһλصȸ˷ɣȥɲǣĿ顢ߡھšǧ̡ͷȺҶ֡
ҶĿ꣬λִѪĵ۷ȡ
ִѪȣϵǳǿ
˲Ϣܲϰٿɫܡ
Ҷľ븽ǶҲ޷һӻеܡ
ҶʱЩˡ
û˯ôɽƷͻȻ֮Ҷʱһɡ
֮ǰͻ֮Ѿ˳˯Ұ˵Ҫ˯ʮϡ
ᣬѣ
ҲһɲǣԺѪɳսѪٴοĹɲǣ·ħŵս⣬ֱ߰Ѫ
ǣʲôˣ
Ѫ죿
ǵһ壿
ھĻҹִѪıȿʼǿҶй˲Ϣ͸Ҷ޾ѹ
Ҫˣ
ƾ㣿
ִѪЦһصļһҪ
Ȼ
ֱܵѪƿյҶһʩչ˷ӡ
һΣҶʩչӲڱܿȵ
һӰ֮ҶΣسִѪıһƮƮĳ
һƣִѪıٴһûκв
С˲ϢޱȿԵֵͬȫһܡ
ҶƮƮһϣһȥûö
ʵϣһȥʱҶҲûö
һҶɱУС
īɫḷ̌ͱһ㣬ֱͱޱȡҶľ׶޷һӺƵܡ
ⲻ˵ԭ
ҪǣҶСһƱͷ˿Ҫϸ컯
컯˶е컯
컯ȵܣѾѹƣƷϵĳѹơ
ͭľֵһ㡣
ѾʵĲͬˡ
οСΪ֮ǰΪ֮ҲѾﵽ˵۷塣
С۷ͿλִѪȷͥ񣬶еһ컯˴ݿ
ɲǼ䣬ִѪıɫ佩ɲǣӳһ컯ʮ÷Ԫ룬ͶĲܣһ㴩ǼļļƷħף
˵ıȵ壬̫ϸƤˡ
һ˲䣬ʮ÷Ԫʹϸϸٴ̣ϣֱ
ͬʱʮ÷Ԫٴ̣ȴһĳ
оԸڵΪǳˮһйȥʮ·һḷֱ̌ӽִѪıȸŵĻɢһݳԪ顣
¡¡
ˮͰϸľʱͷйݳԪٶԻһ
û취ؼֱԪĿǡ
ûıһ֮£ͿԪܵش
ǣôһ
СƵʮ÷Ԫ룬ִѪıȵ
һ컯ļӳ£·ֽһƿ˵֮еϡ
һɲǣִѪıȾޱȵ˻
ͬʱʮ÷Ԫ;Ǿ״Ԫ֮УС츳ͨط
̹˸УִѪıеͻȻɢ
Ҷһ̽ѪͷҶС
һ浽֣
һ֣սѪɹɲǣͽϢСĴѪȥ
ҶĸӦУսѪıԴϢǿһ֣鱦Ǹƿֽӽһ㡣
ͬʱҶΪСɢϢٴǿ
ҶΪϢΪСתֱ֮ע뵽Ҷڡ
СĿǰΪѾﵽ۷壬طûͻ֮ǰΪ޷ġ
״ˣ֮ϲЩԵıȲطǡҪľϵطСҶԺ
طÿ˵ѡΧʵǺܹģ˵ȴֺխ
Сľϵ飬ľϵطͻƵ֮Ψһѡ
ҪСϵطľ֮кã
СȻǿطǣȴһá
һ¥һֻ˸߲㣬ûеػ͵ײ㣬ǰĸ߲㣬Ƿ
ǸãٶɱҶϲ
ҶĿ⣬ضһսıȣ


2018 
ִѪıȵɢֱӽȸˡ
ҶĿ⿴ȥɲǣʣıȾ;ֵļһһеӲҶһٵĺ󳷡
һ߳ǿһ㻤Լǰ赲ҶĽӽ
ò˵λڵıȷǳĴҶķٶȾٿ죬Ҳ޷ֱӳǰһһǿȺС
ôҲǵǿȫ߶·̺һ˿ط֮
˵Ҷ棬ͬȼĵǿߣҲӡ
Ҷüͷɵȥɾͱıȸˡ
ҲڴʱһλڲϵʩıȣԴһȻŶҽָѪ
ʣҶֻ֪Ǻ󷽵Ĵʩչͨ
Ҳֻдͨ˵ΣȻ˺
ǣֹУҪģһɲǡ
ԶڵľʹıԪ𣬸ͣйԼͻȻжϡ
һװƿӹҶıȸոմԴʹлָɲǣƮƮһȥ
һΣȶԸִѪıȻҪɡ
Сûö컯ɵͻƵڡ
һɲǣı⳹ɢȥʹ˻ɢ
СɢطϢٴηٵٶȸģҶΪϢ
նɱͨĵıȣСҶת˺ҶΪʼһķٴ
յʣµһıѾԶݳ˰￪⡣
˵ǰȫ룬СèͨڣҶ˲Ϣ
ټϴСϣնɱıȵĻʻǺܴġ
Сȫ߶ͨתնɱڰޱȵҶΪ
Ҷȥ׷ɱǽԵȣҶתߵʬ̺ľҪɢĲˡ
ȨΣҶ滹Ƿ׷ɱıȡ
Сʧ󣬻ΪҪ
ĵߣŻڸ߰սıȾŵʿ˲Ϣͱˡ
λЩıޱĹ塢Ʈһʬ壬ЩıǼţ˲Ϣɾľű˰ܾ
ԸҶߵħŵıǻãͱҶħѹһĺܲҡ
ʱսҲֻǼˡ
ǣԸһϹħ񴫳ؾħŵıȾǣȻ֮󣬵ɴɫȲͦ
һУܾͱӣͱ˴ɱ
Сèͷ棬һѪܵģԵĺˬ
еսѪѪ˷·һε֮УսвεġεѪ⣬һ˿˽ȥ
Ϣڻѵš
ϢģȴҶ档
ԭҶΪϢǽسڡ
صһΪ൱ڽһصߵΪʮı
ҶΪʹСƬͻƵԭǿСͨߵʮ
ҶΪӽͻƵأҪ൱ڽһߵΪʮ
Ѿ൱ͨ۷ߵȫΪˡ
ԣ´˿СڸҶ治ͣתλǿߵҶΪϢҲڷţΪ磬Ͳôͻơ
ΪϢһӣŻֹͣ
λڵıȵ׻ɷɻ֮ҶΪϢų׵ȶ˽سڡ
һ޷ݵİޱȵҶɢһɲǣʱȥ
ޱе飬ͻȻʹһսҶĿ⣬ǿһ
Ҷĵ˵ͷ
Ϊַһһأսȴһء
ֺôͨսڴ߶鱦ʱͻ᳹׵ĳֳ
鱦û޵ıߵΪԽǿ󣬷ӳԽǿ
ҲҶĺ鱦׹ܹش֮ǰħħӵԭ
ʱҶΪϽأʵϣȴѾԽͨĽ۷ǿߣ޽ӽǿߡ
˿̣ҶΪۣѾ׼ˣģֻǵǿ߶شİգǿ߶еط
Ҷһ£ӽسͻƵسڣһͨĵڵȵ
Ϊÿһؾͻᷭһ
ôҶΪҪͻƵسڣٻҪնɱǿߵ
뾭ﵽ۷Բľ磬ǾٻҪնɱɰǿߡ
⻹Щǿ޵ˮľСתĵǿߡ
ʮǿߣҵͻƵ۷Բ
ҶŵʱСٴҶԺ𣬡״ˣҷλȵط
ǶõģֻǲõзľϵططҶòˣô죬ֱӷ𣿡
òˣҶһͻȻ뵽ʲôһæʵôСԿЩط𣿡


2019 ֵǮԴ
ôСԿЩط𣿡Ҷִżڴ
С˼һ£ƺЩΪѣ״ˣѡ
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ˣǿһķѡ
ҶһˣҪƣֻҪܹͺã͵ĳط
ˣܹӳ𣿡
͵ĳط˼һ£С۾ͻȻһƺҶ˼״ˣǸطӦÿԡ
ط֮޷ӳģ£κط֮ҪӳӦеҪͬϡ
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Щط֮ڵķݣڿǲˡ
״ˣУұϾѾ̤֪Щط֮Ҫø״ڵһ
ã
һɲǣҶֻоһߴ֮еˮĴеʼɿš
ͬʱضɽҡĺҲҶռķݴ
һֱӵķʽǺɽķݣЩȥۣںϷݵɲǣɢطϢĵƾ͸ֳ
ɲǼ䣬Ǻɽķݣѩһ
Щݺȣۿɼٶȷڻš
һĻҶ治ɵһ֡
ҶԴӽ֮ĵؿռƿ֮󣬵ؿռһֱ˿ҶȽŽϡ
ҶĿǰԼȥ俪ؿռӡݣԣʱ䣬һ޷֡
ҶֻŬΪҶΪˣƿؿռӡݵЧȻ
ǣʦ½˵صķӡӡҪǰطӡݷٱ
пܣҶ滹Ҫƿ߼طӡݡ
ǣԽߣӡԽǿԽԽӽλߵıԴ
նɱʦ½롢ӡģ컯֮Ǽλڡ
طӡݣ治һܹƿġ
ҶȻС취СòϣҶΪûͻƵҲòˡ
˷Ҳ˷ѣںƵӡϡ
һԣɹˡ
𶯣˰ӵĹǷӡݱƿʱľ𵴣ռڲҵ
˵ǳͫʱռڵĿ޵ЩӢҲˣֱҶ԰Ű
ˣ
ˡСЩƣҶڣϸոľϵط
طֲһ
ת֮󣬾ͻΪԼΪط֮Ҫϸϸ򣬲ܳױԼġ
򼦣һֻĿõͿԳԣСΪط֮ǵõһֻõˣҲþİɱëˣܳԡ
۾ϸĸӦͬĵطӡݣҶһ˿ʧ֮ɫ
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ĵؿռݼȻܹȵĻȥôֻҪҶȥչƿһ졣
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лȥһ죡
ҶĿⶸͶǰⷽص˷
֮ǰЩѪѪ⣬ʮÿһѪ֮Уһλȵĵǿߡ
ǰϹħĴؾ֮УٴŰҵĵǵٿýҶռƿһˡ
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ĹҶɺߺͺھħţ֧ıȾŸɱһգ֮ǰıȾսһϹħ񴫳ؾħŸɱˡ
սѪѪٴȲħڵħΪٴδǡ
սҶ۲ѡ
һսħа˰࣬ЩıսûбǰҲǳصģǺ󷽵ıй˴
ħʮһսвħΪͻƵ˽ҶµĽħ»ָһǧϣﵽ˾˵һǧٵĿ
ΨһʹģҶİ˵ħĿѾһǧ˲
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˼һ£ҶһսѪ춸ѪţѪҶħսʿڡ
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ЩΪﵽصħսʿΪͻƵ˽
ħսʿΪ㱻ҶϣԭĽħ꽫죬Ϊ㶼һϡ
ҶħŵĽħĿﵽ˾˵ǧ˵Ŀ
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Ҷһ£һǧħŵսʿųеѪսһһնЩıȾսʿͷһһϡ
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ǧıͷıȵͷıȹͷһݷǳ˵ľ
ϧȵʬڱСɵһɶԵʣֱӻ˷ɻҡ
ȻȵͷӵֵǮ
ǰǧħͷıͷӵмֵ
Ȼ˵Ҷնɱħͷ޷õٵϿɣóȥпҪᣬû취ɴܵľ
ǣܵҪħͷܵĹǣЩϣλ߱סλĹǣǳҪۡ
ҶЩΪǿħԴǳֵǮ
ʱתȥ˵ģЩħԴҶܹ׬һʡ
֮⣬ҶµħţͣļʰЩıµͿռָ
õģЩħֱԼװˡ
ħʵʻԼħ۳ɵǵս
ǧıٹϵȥʵģټϽɻħŵҶ֧ħŵͻװȫˣеࡣ
սϡ
ħţҲûôԿˡ
ˣһ֧ˣǧԼʱ֮󣬾ִܵ͡ҶԺ


2020 һˣ
ʱڣҶħľߡ
һħһħ壬ħ֮Уڵλмսħ塣
ϧǣħħ壬ҶƵġ
ħħ֮ܣһվƾͿӲһ󾳽ߵĹ
ħսУͨħͦĶá
ҶãЩ;޴ħһشȥǵٶȱøٲࡣ
ȻûħϵħҶĵش£ͳ˻ӡ
ЩħǿҶħԶ̴֮£ħ䡣
οҶĸǶ飬ЩжħĿǣһһƬ˵ԽԽࡣ
ЩħĿ죬ҶͿȫЩħ
ǰϹħ񴫳еħһЩħҲͨڵС磬˴ľӣﵽ˾˵һ
ʹսϵĶֶԣЩħֵ𾴵սʿ
ۿžҪҶߵĴˣħžȻֳһֻǧ˵ĸӣȼվѪʵӲĽҶһǧħס˽ʱ䡣
Ϊʣಿȡ˼䱦ĳʱ䡣
գһħӣ뿪ģֻǧˡ
ͬʱǰϹħħ֮е˳롣
ĵУһλǱҶСնɱġ
һλȼվѪʵϺ󣬾Ѫ֮Ҷһնɱġ
ħ֮УħħһսҪ࣬ħĵλҪԶħ
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ħŹޱȲ˵ָĶҺͶἸС
󲿷ͶҺҶħŶûʲôЧôֶȴԷɿĸʴħꡣ
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Ψһҵǣ֧ǰϹħ񴫳еħ岿еĴѪ죬ȫҶ˹
֮Ҷ͸սѪˡ
ҶĸӦУսѪıԴٴûͻƽΪ鱦
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ֻҪһЩħеĴѪ죬սѪƷףͿ˳ͻΪƷ鱦
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ЩźǣսУҶһֻ
⻹Сӵк컯Ʒѹնɱġ
սҲҶʶǿߣҲ֮ǰնɱôܡ
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ԣʱУҶоٶȣʱռһͷ
֮һ죬Ϊϴ˵Ҫʮʱָܻ
Ŀǰ˵ҶϬĹˣҶֻҪԼӣԶԿһǿߡ
ǰΪ׶˯һǿֻϵƣҶ߱úܱ
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֮һսʿǽĸ֣һǳǳ˵ıˡ
ˣһ⣬ɱɱ˫ħꡣ
ǺɱӦħһֱʩչͨĴ͡ͻȻر
һ⣬˻죿ȫ𣿡Ҷʵ
شˣܱߣ;ǸӦһǳߴĽ͡˵

΢һ˼Ҷһ䣬͵غȵǰ
ǣ
ߺͺھͬʱһɲǣѪ֧ⷭоٶȣʱͿϡ
Ҷ֮ǰսѪԼԼĸӦУϹħĴڷ򣬾
ֻսпһôǸطǳпϹħ񴫳ڵĵط
ҪȻüħɱˡ
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ʱ֧ͷƮŴѪħɱ
һĻҶһЦѪ죡
ͷսѪɲǣոնᵽһ洫Ѫħ̫ӴƾһЦ
һˣ̫ˣ


2021 ų
ɱ££ħ̫ӴѾ۽һħ塣
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ҶܹϸһĻͻ֣ᷢǰҶ°ܽӡȶɣˣдҶֵλħħ̫ӴƵЧ
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ħָϹħ񴫳֮ѵİ׹ǹħ
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ħһüӵģսȴޱȵ׺
ħ֮УҪ˵Ѳħ壬ħ֮һ
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ͻƵĹħΪûѪûѪҺǻͷһ֣־ˡ
ҪնɱֹħַֻʽһǽȫĹ÷飬ֱӺԪ顣
Щħǲһ
Ϊǿ֮⣬Щħͨ䡢ʬޱȵѲĻ֮һ
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Щħ·ص˸ݵһ㣬ԽԽࡣ
λħħ𣬽ϹħĴؾ֮󣬾طﺣĹͷϵǿԼ
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ȥָӣһı֧ħǴѪħ̫ӴһĲ䡣
Ϊһ˵ĹˣӦûˣǣķӦȴٴγħ̫ӴƵϡ
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ħ̫ӴƵͷ֮ʣݺݵһĭһ־ʹħǧѹȥ
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ֻǣ˭Ҳûעǵĳ֮ɫ
Ѫ죿
ΰɡ
Ϊ治һѪ죬Ϥˡ
Ǹһ궼ô̬ǿֵز
Уͻظһ˿ڴ


2022 ִвȥ
Сúÿţѧŵ㣬ʿôսģ
ɱ
ЦţħһλʹǴǧħ徫Ҷ֧ħɱ˹ȥ
ǧħ徫Унħˣȫġ
ͽıﵽ˾˵ʮһ
ñħսϣҲޱȺġ
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֧ӣǾľ񣬱˵ǷħսϣС֮սǿԺߵġ
Ͼħĸսޱȵǿ
ԶԶģڸ߿еҶ棬Ҳ¶Цݡ
ΪҶҲ
ʵЩ⡣
ǵҶ濴ıûħĴһɱ˺󷽣ҶЦĸˡ
ǵôʶ࣬ôţҲø棡
ЦУҶ´˾ߡھţϢٶȣȫħţ
ͬһ˲䣬ħŵϢͱǧħϢһħſ˶ȥ
Ѫ˰սɱֱӽʾɫһס
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սϣûоԵʵԱȵģʤǿʤ
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ԭһһǧҾϵ֮ɫ˲Ϣɢȥ֮ģһֽٺҡ
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ħһᴫеСӣħ̫Ӵշһ֧飬ħѪӵǿ÷ܼѡ
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ħ̫Ӵħ徫ħʽӰ֮һѪİ֮⣬ħ̫Ӵƣ˵ǱսߣССʵսѾй򳡡
һͳ˧ָӹս˵ħ̫Ӵھϵָޱȵǿ
˵ħ̫ӴƵӦԷԣǷǳȷġ
һǧ˲ӦӵŴӿҶħţħŴӲͻϮô˲ϢͿԽħŵѹȥ롣
ҶħŴȫλܵ״̬
ϧǣָӷⶫҪִȥſԡ
ս϶пĿܣ˵Щħʱһڵ塣
֮ǰѾΥһħ̫ӴƵ˿ǲΥǡ
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Ӧһһ֣µһǧҾ񣬳ŵࡣ
ûŵ󷽣Ǽ˽УҲħ̫ӴƵľ
ֻǣǴӸ߿տȥȥһǧˣһβһ󷽡
ϣǸĴһβͣûγκξá
ҶħɱβħҲȫûˡ
һĻûħ̫ӴưѱӸˡ
սϣƾһ㣬ͿԾն
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ǣħ̫ӴƵѪǣš
´ɲǣӵžȻһ壬ֱӳ嵽˹ħŵ󷽣Ҷħž˲ϢԶһࡣ
ңмŹħŵԭſ϶޷ڵһʱͻƵħŵϿա
ʱӲĿ⸴ӳٳٵĻظһ̫ӵ£ҵ޷ʱͻϮħˣҪһʱ䣡
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ӵſͨشҶ档
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ԣӽӵһɲǣʹų嵽˹ħŵĺ󷽡
սϾ˲Ϣٱ䣬һᣬҲƾͲһˡ
ΪĹŤӵӣ̫ӴƵսûִȥǼصġ
ħŵǧˣɺھŷֳһӭȥ
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˻һͻȻʹҶгʵʵĳ˸ոճħ塣
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һΪǣĹϵͨҶĿͽ˶ֱ֣ͻϮǶֵԡ
Ŀ߻˵Ŀʵڵǿ֮Уֻֻͨǣá
Ҷߣһ֣ɱС
Ҷ浱˶ֵħħ͵Ѫù
ոսɲǣҶͶصͺһ
ֳڵɲǣ󷽵Ĵ߶£һƾճֵħħĶ֮б
ֱӽĶѪģͬʱһߵĶĤϡá
һֻֻС£ǣڵıʹħ̲סʧҽеɲǣҲôһ˲ķ
ۻ˭ֱӽĶĤƣܹȫעŹ֡
ҲʧҽеɲǣϽɫĽҶԺɳϽɫһûзӦɲǣԴͳ𣬾ǻеѪʮɡ
ɵĴַɳֱӽԴץסԪݳ֮ǰСʮ÷Ԫ˲ϢĴûκηԴ
ͨ˲ط
Ԫ˲ر⣬ԪпطȻ䱻Сڡ
ȻСΪͨҶ£СһҶ£ֱӺڵĵؿռݡ
صؿռٴѩһڡ
طûľϵطСòˣֻܷˡ
һɲǣǿԪϢͳɢˡ
ɢһɶ
ոĿսӦͻȻ䳹ɢϢͻȻʧֵĴ


2023 ҹ
·˻һľħħ׭[սħ̫Ӵע⵽Ρ
еħͷʬ壬ħ̫ӴƣҲ͵һ
ŶõĹ
Ҳһɣ
һĹ򣬾͸ɵһλڵħʵʵħ̫ӴƺЩԾ
̫ӴԼҲŸɵʵǣ̫ӴҲûô졣
ڵħź󷽵ĽħһĻһͬʱֱɵۡ
һУ
һɱһλսǿħħ
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ͬһɲǣҶĿͿħһλ顣
ħλȻɵһλôһλҲ˳ָɵĻҶµħȫħž͸ˡ
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顢ھˣһԵħеλΧ
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ʱޱȵĽĴԼ͵͸ĶƤϷɿĦţһȦȦεĲɢɲǣ͵͸ĶƤȴûԵı仯
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ۼħħҪҶնɱħħҵǻͬʱ˴ĿĹ⻪
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ѩڵɲǣȴסҶйľףҶɽôһ衣
λħħȡ˼䱦ôһɲǷӦʱ䡣
ͨСͨ͵Ϯ
һɲǣλħħԴڲĴлָ˹ʾɲǣϢ»֮ȫסҶɽɲǣһ»֮ȭŴ̶ͷҶ棡
㣬˱͵ϮֶΣҲ
ɣʤΪɣЦУҶһȭӭϡ
ԼԼУһȭӰźӰ˸ȭӡȻ޾ܵӭȥ
״ħħһϲ
һصļһӲӲⲻʲô
һɲǣλħħЦˡ
ȭӰײһɲǣеҶһȭɵ龰ûг֣Ҷ棬ȭԱˣռ·硣
֮Ҷһصļһƴһ
ǣһȭԶԶûн
īɫĹ⻪֮ͬһֻȭײֱħħֱۡ
ڴܶĸоλħħޱȵľ֣ЩӵĴܶԴ
»λħħĿԴīɫ⻪
ֵǣΪƷѹ»֮ɫ⻪ǰǶһ㡣
˲Ϣ䣬ʹ˲赲ޱȵĵԪ顣
ϽɫҶľһйʱλħħĵϢ˲Ϣ䳹ʧ


2024 ̫ӳ

սϣзħħϢʧĴڣħ̫Ӵƣħħ飬ֻǹħħ׭[ȫһ˹һı顣
ʱڣҶһˣնɱ
ںųƸֽħսϣҲǳĺ
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飬Ҫۿ˵ȥ¶ûš
亹ֱðʶĺ˼ӵСˡ
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ΣֱһλħħëըΡ
ǣͨħܵסҶһˡ
һҶնɱħħľûô˳ˡ
ǵڷλħħѣλħħޱСĵ˶ôͨ޷ʩչ
ңڷͬ״ħħӦսʱޱȵСģԲҶսֻҪҶһͻ˿
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ϧǣ˭ҲҶǾĵɫȺУɫһ˿ȻѵĽɫ
Ȼ˭Ҳ벻Ҷ澹Ȼͨһ֮УطעԸ˵С
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Ѫر٣ħħԪһѪ
ҲڴʱޱȵϽɫĽ·βһһֱնħħǼӲ̶ٱڽԴ
ҶķɳħħԪݳеСƵʮ÷Ԫ˲ش롣
ͨ
˲Ϣ䣬ħħеⶸɢϢֱʧ
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ҶĿһʱһֻɢĸо

ʱڣһնɱ˾˵սʱʧȥҶһս
ԥģսˡ
ҲʱҶҲˡ
Ӵž˵֮һѼħ顣
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һȭ˹ħħ׭[ħ̫ӴƵƾʧ
ĪĿռ䲨Ҷ֮дڵǵ¾պ͵زһ¡
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ǣڵȭֵɲǣ˷еĹ⻪ͱޱȣ

ħ̫ӴƵڵȭֱӳҶؿǰһ״


2025 
ȻҶ¾պǰӦղǣҶûϵħ̫ӴƵһȭȻֵͻأ
ͻأҶûжʱӦԡ
һ׵ľ룬ħ̫ӴƵȭ٣ʵֵɲǣ͵ˡ
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ҶؿڵҶĻףǼƷףŵĹ⻪Уȫ˷ɻҡ
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ҫݣɫɵĶܣ˲Ϣ佫Ҷ滤ʵʵġ
Ǻ鱦Σ֮
ݣǶܣֻǽȭϵĹ⻪һ֣ʱͱֱӺ䴩
ȻݺݵĺҶؿڡ
˵ô࣬ʵֻһɲǼ䷢顣
Ҷ涼ӦôһɲǷ顣
˲Ϣ䣬ҶؿھǱɽݺݵһ㣬ֱȥ
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ۿɼģбħֻ̫ȭɿı죬ͨ͸·Ҫڻһ㡣
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Ҷû˵ֻ䶢׹зŭħ̫ӴƣȻóһѵҩֱһˡ
һľҶڵеͽųɵԪ֮


2026 Һ
ĵҩҶڵʼٵĻָղĹȵԪЩ鷳ˡ
һɹǧɳΪϣٸɳǧزĵرƣʮ֮һԸİҺҶ˿С
Ҷ뿪ʱɹҶౣ֮һ
Ҳļ֮һϣѹ򲻵
һΣͿԻָԪ֮
һΰҺڵɲǣͻһֱ֮Ҷ˲ϢĹҶʣ²һɵԪͷٵĻָ
գ۵ĹҶԪͻָϣ֮пȥЩԪ飬Ҳٴξ
Ҷ滯ţܹ˲ϢȻ˵ҶĺܴԸڵȫɣԪ˾ųࡣ
ʵϣ˵ǳҶڵǳһٸҶ棬Ҳ޷һ˲
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ҶһڵľͨϬĵشͨ
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ǣϬĵشţ̺Ķ̫̫ˡ
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ȻҶ滹ǽţıԴħ̫Ӵԣţޡ
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ҪǻţҶܹͬʱҲ޷Ϊơ
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𿴹ħħ׭[ղħ̫ӴƶĻ죬̫ӴƹҲӴѣ
һʧɲǣħ̫Ӵƶͷе˶ĶĿƣޱȵ˸¡
ʱħ̫ӴƣҲ֮ǰӢģõģԴӺؿҪطĹͷѾ˰͸״״ÿӶһ£ޱȵļѡ
ʧɲǣ˼ȭͷСҩħ̫Ӵƣ˥ϢͿʼٻָ
Ѫܡ⡢ĹٶȷɿĻָϢһηɿ׳
ǳĲ
һ߻ָħ̫Ӵһ߷һļµĴЦĺ̫ܲδվ
̫ܽı֮ĵ룬Ҳ԰ˡ̫Ӻܺ棬̶ֳȵĹ㻹ܷΣ
Ҫ˵𾪣Ǽٵġ
к˵һصߣǵڵڵĴڣñɱһϢ
ħ̫ӴƣȴӲ˹˲Ϣ
ҶһˢħһĿֲʵ
ħ̫ӴƶԣĹҶ޷ٷڶΣǣҶɱУɲֻһС

ɲǣҶͷ׹޹⻪һ׾ͺ׵Ĵħ̫ӵĴ¡
ףСҶǰľһɢϢȴĿֲ
µɲǣѹԶЩħ壬ˢˢĴһսڡ
ұ֤һףҶ֮ǰľ׵ǿһ
ţܣ
ţޣڵƿߡ
Ҷֻþ黯ţҲܹ֮ɱ
ߣ
ܳɱľףħ̫Ӵûκζ֮ɫ
һߣͷ˶ĶĿĺڹ˲Ϣͷһɫܣйǿһľĵס
һɲǣһĵϽɫľ׺ɲǣħ̫ӴƵɫͱޱȵľʡ
Ĺֽһħ̫Ӿݡ
٣ֽߣߡ
һҶ߷˼һԸľףͽħ̫ӴƶͷĺڶֱӺ顣
ħ̫ӴڶҶԸľףй¡
Уٴδħ̫Ӵ̫Ӵٴζ˱ı
ǣ⼱м䶯õıֻ֮סҪ
ĺУħ̫ӴµλãڿֲϽɫ׹Уֱӻ˷ɻң


2027 
໡
ħ̫ӴƷһޱȵĲҺ˶ĶĿУһ¶һп־Ĺâ
ڿҶͷ׹ɫʼ۵ɲǣħ̫ӴƲԼǾ˵ƣĿĹһ˲شԭʧ
һγֵʱħ̫ӴѾʮ֮ˣλħӵڵĸ
Ǹ޴˿ڴɫѪҺ·Ȫˮһӿ·ħϡ
˵ǣǽɫѪҺÿһζǹ̵ҽһ㣬ЩħϣЩħŵĽʿ̵۴С
ħ廹һ㣬ЩģһνɫѪܹǵƤڵһ顣
бħ̫ӴƵĽɫѪڻħ塣
ƤѾƽȥ飬һޱȿϧ۹⿴ħ̫Ӵ˿ڴµѪ
ħľѪ¶ȿҽľѪÿһΣζʳġ
ڸ֮ԴȵΪ
ϧģװ˷ˡ
Ǹ۰
ͬʱӡȶɣλħħͬʱħ̫ӴƵ࣬ɢĹľ޴ǹſڰļʸȫʮҶϡ
Ҷʱû׷ɱħ̫Ӵơ
ǹħħ׭[ʱҲʱ׼ħ̫Ӵơ
ħ̫ӴƾԲ䣬һС
⽫ħԶϴˢĳ裡
оȫˣ̫Ӵһϵ˿ڴӿѪʱֹסȭͷСĵҩ֮ʧ°Ҷѿһ㣬ɿ׳
һط̫Ӵһߺ޺޵ĶҶ档
壬һ壬ȻܹħϹħ񴫳֮ء
壡һͨħطħһ𣡡
ҧųݣħ̫ӴĿ⿴˸ղսޱȼҵĹħħ׭[
ǸϹħ񴫳вǣ֮ǰȴҪɱɸɾĺôˡ
˵̫Ӵذθһߣ׭[Ը뱾̫ӹͬնɱⲣȻһ£
ϹħĴ˭ħУ⣡
һҶɫ͵һ䣬ħħ׭[ͷ˫ĿӯӯĹɭȻ
ò˵⣬ȫռ˴壬Ҳнԡ
Ͼǰֳʵ̫ǿˣħ̫ӴƵʵ˴
ǶӦԣҲҪ޴Ĵۡ

ҶĴЦ̫ˣ
ħϹħ񴫳УҺθɣһ壬ߣ
߼رҲ֪ˣϹħ񴫳Уҿض̫ӵˣĳ﹧ϲ̫ˡ
ҶݵĹ˹֣øո⶯Ĺħħ׭[ۿеĹ˼¡
ҪģϹħ񴫳С
Ϲħ񴫳ؾ֮İ׹ǣ˵Ϲħ񴫳ǹħһйء
Ϲħ񴫳ǹħһйصĻǾǸپ޴ĴۣҲҪϹħ񴫳С
һħйصϹħ񴫳Уǹħһԣ̫Ҫˡ
ħ̫ӴƵĴȻҶ滰е֮⡣
˭ܶϹħ񴫳Уǹ֮ƾһ£
ƾ£ҶЦ
һɲǣһޱȵ괫˹ħħ׭[ĶУֻȡһرϹħ񴫳й㡣
ҪʱҿԺֶԸħ̫ӣ
ħħ׭[еĹҵȻ
Ȼ㲻Ը֣ҲԸҴᣬһٴش̫ӣ
괫ҶҲܹħħ׭[оĹһ֣µħ͵תǺһ׹ǳǱһߡ
״ħ̫ӴƴŭŹħħ׭[ŭ׭[㻹ԥʲô
ħħ׭[ۿеĹҵţȻǣ͵ػת̫ӴϣһĨȻ
̫ӵ£˵ĶԣǣﲻսϹħ񴫳ؾһ壬ôܶǵϹħ񴫳У
Ȼ̫ӵԸĽǴѪ콻ңһԿ̫ӵµ飬̫ӵնɱⲣ̫ӵ±Ѫޣħħ׭[˵
ħ̫ӴƱ׭[仰ĻҲ˫ȵٶȣܵӰ졣
Ѫޣ
̫ӵĳ𣬱̫ӻأòæ̫Ӵһڻؾ
Ǻã
̫ӵ˵ģħħ׭[ЦȻˣǾһ£Ϲħ񴫳У׹˭
ɱ
ͬʱħħ׭[Ͳħ̫Ӵһ˿һķӦᣬһŭµʮħٴδ˷ϵɽҰΧ
ħ̫ӴƵɫرޱȡ
֮ǰ׭[սУոռϷ磬û뵽һҶ档
µħħŴܣնߵλˣҲܵǰδеشµĴʿ䵽һǰδеĳ̶ȡ
ħ̫Ӵƿ׭[ǵ͵侮ʯ
ȴ޼ּһ
׭[ɲҪڣħ̫ӴƵޱȵΣգ
ڣ
᲻Ϲħ񴫳УǲŽкڣ׭[Ц
͵źڰɣ
һЦٵӰħ̫Ӵħħ׭[ɫʱ䡣


2028 ħս
ŻսһƬħ̫Ӵħħ׭[Ҷ´ǰٶȸˡ
߶սѪѪӳţôٵԶҵս
ò˵ħ̫Ӵƣǹħħ׭[һ鼫ѿеĹͷ
ҶԻħ̫ӴƣҪɱǴѪ죬ϼѡ
˵ģҶشħ̫Ӵ֮ڳħϢ˲ϢҶ棬ͽҶһ
ôͬʱɱҶԻ֮ء
˵ǣżʮľ룬أԷҲһģŸҶ泷֮
ԣҶɴһ֮󣬷ٵĳˡ
Ҷܾ֮ٳҲ
Ҷ汾ΪûôϵҶղŵУǺܶġ
Ҷû뵽ûԶҾ͵Ѫƴ
ʵҪҶûʶǰ׹ǵϹħ񴫳ؾڹħһҪԵж
ѪƴսҶЩ
ⳡѪƴһʼͽ˰Ȼ
Ļ̵Ķ˲Ϣ͸ս
ҶǣҶ˴ԭӦýڽڰ˵ħ̫ӴߣһʼռϷ硣
Ҷ֮£ֱӷСһܿ͸״
ħս
ħ̫ӣóһپħս˲ռϷ硣
ħսҶΪѲ˾ѲѲʹ֪ġ
ħڲһַǳǿսܡ
սĶĿħһ˵ʬǣħһеطħһеսɱɻ꣬Ƴɵޱǿս
ЩħսΪشƣǵֻܴﵽ۷壬Զ޷
һԶ޷żġ
ǣЩõϣĿħһ˵Ĺȴޱǿ
ΪĿħһͨˣΪֻнǿȣȴȵǿߣԶЩĵǿߡ
ħ̫ӴǿԽ۷Ϊնɱһͬնвˡ
ԣħսϣжĿħһĴˣ¸ٴĴۣҲҪʬǡ
һʬޱȵ󣬶ĿħһͨѪҲǳϡ١
ռЩʬ֮󣬾ͻطħս
Щħսսǿûʹηÿһսȵ
ͨ£Щħսսϡ
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ڹؼʱ̣ЩħսһԺηıɱΧϺǾԿסκʿ
ͨ£ħʹħսʹһҫˣʹʮǼˡ
ʮλӲսȵս˵սǵжֲ
ħ̫Ӵȴһٸħս
һٸ
һٸħսʱ򣬹ħħ׭[Ķˣ
֪ħ̫Ӵ϶սȵʿһħսû뵽һٸ
൱һٸ
һٸʿһĵ
һٸħսսɲǣ׭[ߵĹħʱ·硣
׭[ԼҲ߸ħսΧסȫҪĴ֮£׭[ԼҲæҡ
µļħħǸңͬħʿΧĽڽڰˣͷҷɡ
£ղʿ䵽µħ̫Ӵµľţʿرǡ
һħս壬ħ̫Ӵ£ļħĵҲ׷˿Ϸ̬Ĵս
˲Ϣ䣬ħѵİ׹ǣѩһƮ
ȫָƵħ̫Ӵƺ޺޵ĿһҶ泷ķ򣬶԰׭[ĺ
֮ǰҶսʱѹûлųħս
ңħսȻսǿ󣬵ÿһΣǵ֮󣬶Ҫս֮У˺Ʒʯս֮ݻָҹܳ׻ָս
֮ЩħսȻǿڵۻһȴ޷Լָһ޷ʱĳսһľֻܿս
ԣؼʱ̣˭Ը⶯Щħսġ
ʱħħ׭[ƼˣζħսȻʱǵսռϷ磬ȴޱȵķŭ
ؼʱ̾õħս˷ˣ
ħսսޱȵľ˵ģ൱һٸɱ޴󡢺ηĵħ֮УͬȺһ㣬Сʱͽħħ׭[ľɱĴܡ
Ҫǹħħ׭[µľţҲûи鲻е־ãѾʿ
ˣħħ׭[ļħѾ˺ۣĹͷ챻ˡ
ᶶһ³˫ȣħ̫ӴٴͲĴһս
֮ǰҶսʱ°ֱӱջɻҵʹٴӿͷ
ôʹǵһξ
ұⲣ̫ӴƽԸȭֱ߬죬˷գƺ
׭[ڹ˳̫ӣлᣡβˣħ̫Ӵٴοڡ
Ȼһԭǣħ̫Ӵƿɲһħսȫ˷ڰ׭[Ĺħϡ
ʮħţȫնףҲ÷ϴ
ȻԳһСڣЯսأҲЯ˴ļƷʯȴһҹʱָ
Դʱܹʡһһ㡣
ѾɱۡޱĹħħ׭[ȴ˳
ȥɣܽϹħ񴫳øǣ

Ϊħһпұ죡
ŭХһħħ׭[ͻȻȼ˳棬ͨ񣡡


2029 սѪͻƣ
ӹħħ׭[ĳ棬һ޴ڶһ㣬ֵɲǣܱ˷İ׹ǣ׷Źħħ׭[ȥ
ͬʱһڳĪļµϢ
ǵϹħ񴫳ؾڲдĸְ׹ǲкЩѾսĹħʿĺǡǣȫ˹ħħ׭[
ЩͷһӴ棬ͷ׷׻ɰ׹˹ħħ׭[Ǽܣ׭[Ϣͣһٶ
һ˲䣬Բĸְ׹ǲк뺡ǣȫ˹ħħ׭[ڡ
Ǹ޴ڶûκʧļ񣬼˷ɢſֲ
ͬʱЩվŵ׹ǿԾİ׹ǾŵǣͻȻһ˴̶ޱȵĹ
˾ĺУЩŵİ׹Ǿŵİ׹ǣ׷ײķ˾޴ɫڶ
Ͷɲǣͻһ׹˹ħħ׭[ڣð׭[ϢɿɲǣҲð׭[һޱȹķš
ҲڴʱüħսΧħħͻȻ;ҵĲһ˷ŭŭƺһĪš
ǷģȱϹħ񴫳УضΪٱǿʮ
׭[ڵһʱŵ
׭[ŵħħεİһһɲǾͷ·ܵһ㣬Ͷɫڶ֮У˰׭[ڡ
׭[Ϣ͵رһصɲǣҲڴʱ췭ظı仯
һλͷ˱ۡӵֻľ޴Ĺһİ׹ħ
ÿһֻ׹ֱۣϣеĹǵǽȼ˲档
˱۰׹ս񣿡ħ̫ӴƵɫһ˲䣬ͱ÷ǳѿ
Źħһ֮ǿڵĴűطûмʶȴۿˡ
ǣǰĹħħ׭[ںϵĹħսʿλħħ𣬾ǿʲô̶ȣħ̫ӴҲ׼
ร
̶аļӰ׭[зɲǣȶһͳЩħսȺУͷ˱ͬʱ˳
ͷ֮УĸɫͬĶ̺Ͷ棬˱֮еĸɫȴǷ糵һתķ
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Ȱ׭[ٴ֣Ŵڹħħ׭[ΧڵħսͳױƬͷɻҡ
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ÿһħսɶǿӲͨǿߵľʿޱȡ
ħ̫ӵݣõģҲһپ߶ѡ
ڣһӾʧȥ߾ߣǱɷʧʧҲ޷ԭ֡
ȹħħ׭[ٴжƻûȫԭħ̫Ӵһԭʧɫȭٴδ̽ݺݵӡȥ
Ÿʲôһϣɵһħ̫Ӵŭ
Ȼ̫ӴٰţҲһ޷Ը֮Ĺħħ׭[ġ
һۣħħӡɣȶħĵħһɸ֣ԼܱߵħսҲҪȥͬʱŰ׭[Χ
ޱȵĴս˲չ
ԶͨСķ۲쵽սεҶ棬Ծ֮࣬ЦϲЦտ
Ҷû뵽ħħ׭[Ȼı¡
Ǳ֮ϢǿҶҲûжٰնԸ
ҶһǿΧҶùԸ֮еԸҲһܹնɱһ
ңԻʧأҶһ֮Уʮа˾Ż䡣
ҶЦǣħħ׭[̫ϵˣȻʩչطħ̫Ӵƻƴ
һʤҶߵѹ
Ҷ˿̣ûɱЩûһĶȡϹħ񴫳еħеĴѪ졣
ȽսѪƷȥ˵
ԲϹħ񴫳еİ׹ǳǱʱ޷򿪣Ҷ滹ץʱ̺ô
һʱļо֮Ҷһˣһ֧ӵдѪħ顣
֧飬Ҷ沢İħ֮սţħһĶȡеĶ顣
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ڳҶħʱ֧ţħŲûô⡣
ϾϹħ񴫳ؾеħţս̫ǿǵսӦ
һ֣Щţħʱ֣Ǵˡ
ֱǴס
Ҷµ֧ħŵսϹħ񴫳ؾЩħŵսǿ˺ֹʮ
ǻûɻħĿ顢Сèͷ桢ǧЩһͬȺӦǻţȺһչһ浹ɱ
ҶͨСľ֮£֧ţħִƴѪţħħ𣬵һʱ䱻Ҷնɱ
ִѪħնɱֱӵţħŵĴܡ
Ҷµħȫǣ֧ǧ˵ţħţ˽ǧʬ֮󣬾˷
ʣλţħħҶ͡СҲֻһλλɹ롣
ӵţħţҶ沢û׷
Ҷħ֮ǿΪžۼһԭһɢЩħսͻúܲ
ʵԶԶȲЩսǿħ塣
һ㣬Ҷ
Сط֮ؿռݣҶһ֣ͷսѪ춸طһѪֱӽҶոնᵽ洫Ѫˡ
һɲǣһĨļµİϢشսѪڴ
Ҷüͷ͵һսѪƷҪͻˣ


2030 ؾ
ĿޱȵѪⶸشеսѪȻ͵һաѪ⣬˲Ϣ۳һ֮ٴš
ٴſѪ⣬һ京ŵѪɫ˲ϢŭţսѪϢҲѪɫŭŶһֱϵɱ䡣
һֲεı仯
שʯɾ֣ʯһı仯
仯ɵһɲǣ¸ӵĵƾյĸ֣սѪ⡣
սѪ·һ㣬˲ϢڼƵѪɫơ
ÿһƣսѪĹ⻪ƾ䣬һĪϢǳˮһҶԺ֮С
սѪƷ֮ϵһϢҶ̵ʱ˽⵽սѪƷ鱦ı仯
սѪƷȶƷ鱦ɲǣ˷Ϲħ񴫳ؾеս⡢ɱɷѪεģεģǰٴ麣һ㣬Ÿ߿ƮսѪ
ЩɱɷѪ䣬սѪڼƵĵƣʼɿı
ҶĸӦУսѪܿʼɱһһȫµܣʼҶԪӦ֮С
ͬʱսѪħƿأҲӵȫ档
˵ͻΪ鱦֮ǰսѪֻǽħħƶһԿס
ôڣͻƳΪ鱦սѪ죬ħĿ࣬Ŀࡣ
Կƺ͸ıħڵطĿࡣ
ЩǿĵԼԳһСһԼ־ף־
ʱսѪͰɫ
ӵƷͻƵ鱦սѪҶ棬ħġס
Ϊʲô˵ǲء
ħ粢ҶԼ磬ҶҪħ磬ֻͨսѪߡ
ôƺʹսѪߵˮƽʹҶħ׳̶ȡ
ҶǣԪӦУħƿس̶ȣ֮ǰѾʮֹ
⴦Ϲħ񴫳пռ֮Уƿȴʧˡ
ָоܹ죬Ҷ֪߶λħϹħ񴫳пռı仯ǵĶȴûκα仯
ƺսѪħƿãϹħ񴫳пռڣʧˡ
Ҷ˼ĵڣͽϹħ񴫳пռеս⡢ɱɷѪ˸һɶսѪ죬ͻȻһ۴ϸѪ⣬ֱǰǸ׹ɭɭİ׹ǳǱϡ
Ѫ׹ǳǱ紺һǰ׹ǳǱĸľ޴İɫţȴ·ѩһɿڣ¶˰׹ǳǱߵΡ
Ҷ۾͵صɴ
֮ǰʯ˵ǿ߷ɽ׹ǳǱߵϹħ񴫳
ʱǿ߻ԶԶûзֳֳִѪˣٻ岦أֳǿ߻أ׹ǳǱŽôͻȻͿˣ
ʶģҶĿⲻɵÿսѪ졣
ëֻܳսѪϡ
ҲλϹħ񣬻޶Ҳ˵׼սѪƷ׻һ
ſʼڵİ׹ǳǱŽҶٶ´
߸ھˣħصȴҶһ˳֮ǰһԷΪ
ʵ뵽ܵᣬΪȫƣҶ滹ǽħá
һǧħȫսռڣҲʮϢϵʱ䡣
Ĺ򣬱˵ʮϢһϢʱҲޱȵ
һɲǣҶһ֣顢Сèͷ桢ǧ̡͡Ŀ˾ͱҶȫսռڡ
ҶԼҲռڣ飬һ΢εĸ
ͷոս׵սѪѪһ͹սѪ컯һѪŽոնһֵİ׹ǳǱ
Ȼ˵׹ǳǱŽȻɱһ㱡ɭȻ׹⡣
ҶƣӦʶħһؽƣԲŻתռ䡣
ȥɲǣǲ㱡ɭȻ׹һĪȻɨ΢΢һ֮Ҷͺ谭Ľ˰׹ǳǱ
׹ǳǱһߣѾ򵽰ȻĹħħ׭[ħ̫ӴƻһɵʱģһһǱ
ԭߴɣͷ˱ۻ׹ħİ׭[ʱȱ˰ĿԴʣһŰ룬ֱնħսİ׹ǾޱۣҲֻʣˡ
ʣµ׹Ǿޱ֮ϣҲ˺ۡ
׭[İ׹ǣ˺ۣϢҲ֮ǰ˥࣬ʱ˫ŹĿۣԹޱȵĶħ̫Ӵһˡ
ֶ涾ƴ籡
ħ̫Ӵƴʱı飬ȴӵ
һսΧõħսʮ߲
ħ̫Ӵ鴤ǣͿԿ̫Ӵƴʱж⡣
ħ߲㶼䱦ħսȻħħ׭[һ˸ɵ֮һ
̫ӴƽħһĶˡ
̫ӴԼظһȭͷСľ޶˵粿ԴϣܼٵɼǣԿĿֲơ
Щ޴˿ڣʱϱ߻̺Ͷ棬谭̫ӴƵĻָ
һڵҲ˲أħħ֮Уӻõ㣬ȶɣλħħİֻʧһϣʱУббġ
ħΨһħʱҲޱȣԴǵİ߶ˣҪǵǿ󣬹һ¾͹Ҵˡ
ȻҲһʹ壬һƬⶼû
׭[Ҫ뱾̫ˣ
ã̫Ӿͳȫ㣡
˵䣬̫Ӵ˴ѵĵҩϢɲǣ˶ĶĿһȦɫ⻪Χһת˿ϸ̶ֶʧһա
ƿʼٻָ֮ʣϢҲɭȻ
ɱ˰׭[̫ӱ֤߳ħ񴫳֮⣬Ĵرǵġǲ֣̫ıǲ㣡
һոЩήһɵǣʱþɱʱٴ˰׭[˺۵Ĺħħ׭[еĹĽŵ˸
ͬʱȴ𣬻вİ׹ǾޱɭȻɷҲٴȽȽ
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黹Щ㣬һɲǣ˳ָķ򿴹ȥһ˵ȣʱͷˡ
ħħӼ˻һʱͻһɫ˰׹ǳǱѾŽ
ɣȶڣҲһ˹ȥ
ħħ׭[ǿţһٽţͻһ˹ȥ
ģҪħ̫Ӵơ
˶Ķһڹһħ̫Ӵƾͳڰ׹ǳǱŽǰһѸ׵ĵһ˰׹ǳǱ֮С


2031 ڞ¾
Ϲħ񴫳еİ׹ǳǱڵΣЩҶϡ
ɲǣҶȻռڣͨ˫ۣһпһ
׹ǳǱڲȻ׹ǳǱ⡢ҲϹħ񴫳ؾûʲôһƬãѪɫϵǾ޴İ׹ǣһۿͷ
ҶĵڣͷսѪ죬ͻȻһѪ챻ıֱֱġ
ıֱѪ죬ֱָͦͦѪɫãصǣԪӦУޱۻ롢սѪϢЩƵԶ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ˹
һХͻһѪսѪָķ
һɲǣҶ߶䣬Сèֱӳ£˲Ϣͽٶȴ߶£׹ǳǱ
Сè뿪һĹħ̫Ӵƾͳڰ׹ǳǱ֮С
Ȼħ̫ҪҶоĶ࣬ɲǣһ봫ѪɲǣѪͶıֱָһ
ͬʱħ̫ƾʧ
̫Ӵʧķǰķһģһ
Ϣӡȶɣͬʱ֣ûдѪָǳɲǾãˣ֪ǰǸ
ǣĹħħ׭[͸ָ˷һˣԥĳŹħħ׭[ʧķ˹ȥ
Ҷ磬СèٶҲԲһ˿Ȼ
ǣħ̫ӴƵֽ˲ƵĹٶȣһ֮ͳҶ
ҲڴʱҶ棬ħ̫ӴƣĵطһƬޱ޼ʵѪɫ
ѪɫϿգ̻źɽĴɱս⡢ɷɵѪƣѹޱȡ
˷ܵģȴѪɫȭͷСѪ飬ɢһֺƺƵ޷ֱӵѹϢ
ѹϢ֮⣬ѪɢϢеսѪ죬ħ̫ӴеĴѪ죬żơ
̫ӴƺҶǻۣϾˣɢ޹Ѫ飬ʮа˾ţӦϹħ񴫳ڡ
״ˣҿȷѪ֮УӦ̺в컯֮ȻڵЩ컯֮ȫͬѹϢȴһģһСҶԺ
ոտѪħ̫ӴƣһֻĿʱ͵ɳ˹Բ
Ϊħ̫ӣļʶͷֱѪ̺컯֮
컯֮ǿħħΪ֮
ħħΪﵽ۷֮󣬺ķѳǧ꣬Ҳܹһ컯֮ɾ컯֮
ħ̫ӣҲһżǰתꡣ
컯֮ǰôܹ
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ִͨħһǿ츳֮ͨһÿһʩչȻľ޴󣬵ǣ⵱ڣֵá
ֻҪһɲǣǿԳѪǰϹħĴС
ǣҲħ̫ӴӸϿÿռͨдյɲǣһϽɫĽ⣬·𳤺һֱӽոտٳĿռͨķ顣
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Ϲħ񴫳УԵҶγУɽ·һ¸ͣ
ſٳ̺컯֮Ѫħ̫ӵĶĿ˲Ϣͺˡ

˶ĶĿаתĹ⻪һһɫ⣬·һħ̫ӶĿкҶš
ŭ֮£ħֱ̫Ӷ깥
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ǶĿħһɫԪ⣬ѪԽǿɫԪԽǿ
ҲǶĿħħֶ֮£ɫԪ֮£ħڲûٴֵܹס
ңĿħʵɫ⣬Ժڡҡī֡Ѫɫɡ
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һУ㲻ɢԪֳ˸ϢɫУ䣬Ǳɷӻֻ֪ɱ¾Ļ
ƽ͵ɫ⣬ԪеɫԪ⻪أ˯Ҳָܻ롣
ǶĿħּ˸ɫɫԪ⣬һĹȣָǷǳЩĿԻָĵرҲá
ԣǿɫԪ⣬ÿһĿħһؼʱ̣Բᶯá
壬ҲǱֶΡ
ͬһɲǣҶֻоһֱаϢֱţԪΪֱаϢ̲סĲ
ڡҡī֡ѪɫԪԪһһͺ谭ĴҶš
״ħ̫ӴһЦ
ǸϢɫ⣬˵ߣħ֮еĵз֮£Ҳˡ
˶Ŀеĺڹٴη˸ٴգȥϹħĴС
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ҲҶݱѵɲǣҲǸϢɫԪҪҶԪɲǣҶڵԸأͻȻš
ڶĽɫĻͷ·սһ㣬úĸɫԪ⣬ѩһڡ
ıоɲǣҶڵ¾ջ΢һ͸ӦһĿռ䲨Ҷʶһһɽٴɫ̳
ħ̫ӴƸոտٳĿռͨķ顣
һΣħ̫ӴƸӵĵùӸոն뿪ٳĿռͨûȫɲǣռͨͱķ顣
ֲĿռ֮ռ֮Ŀռи֮ݺݵĺħ̫ӴƵ֮ϣĽ
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ⲻúõ𣿡
ҶЦڣҲҼ
ָһָҶͷĺ鱦׹޾͵ľˮϸľס
׵ɲǣħ̫ӴƾͷŭޱȵĹֽһһˡ
֮ǰսУɱҶϵľ׸Ӳˣû
񿴵ףħ̫ӴƵĵһӦˡ
ȻҶľ׷Ϊ֣һǼϵģһǲϵġ
Ŀǰ״̬£Ĳ𰡣
Ҷġ
ڷ˵ɲǣħ̫ӴƵĿУͻȻͷһ춯ء·žѪһκ
ԶѪɫУոոϵҶִǿŴϹħ񴫳Сɢ컯֮ϢѪ飡


2032 Ҷɵ
ħ̫ӴκеͬʱҶȴȻһٴλţ
׹ơԸָѹϢţ̫ӴУӵļɵ
ǣ̫ӴƵĿ⣬ȴĶԶѪɫУҶǴѪֻ֡
ָɢ컯֮ϢĴѪɲǣѪ͵رһ⣬Ҷֱ𿪲˵Ѫģ
һĻħ̫Ӵ־ϲָҶЦ㾡ˣǵòϹħĴС
ϹħĴУչ黹Ǳ̫ӵģ
Цţ̫ӴμػػӽѪɫϹħ񴫳С
ҵ˵òôҲ룡
Ҷ·Ųͥһ׹һͶµħ̫Ӵǰ
ħ̫˵ٶҪҶ죬ǣħ̫Ҷľ֮ǴΧػصģҶȦһվλܹסħ̫ӴƵǰ֮·
ɽ·һһ㣬ҶǰвͣŽ⣬Ҷȫĳ¾պ֮УӦܱߵղ
ֻҪ̫ӴٸʩչŲͨҶаڵһʱ佫ӿռͨ
ħ̫ӴƵһˡ
ǰҶսʱı̫࣬ħħ׭[սĹޣڵ״̬ҳȥҶӲƴ
ҪҶǼϵľֲ̫ˣ̫ӴƸоҪతϼǣĿܡ
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Ҷ˲Ϣˣǰ׹ǳǱ֮ڣȫһؾռ䡣
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ҶһҲģһֻҪǼϵľף㹻ħ̫Ӵƺһˡ
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ϹħĴѪǰѪ鴥ֿɼȴòõ
֮ǰƶϣѾ㹻ˡ
ʮʮħʵҲħѪҺΪʲôòǴѪأ
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ͬʱսѪ⻪һͶһŨѪ⣬ϹħĴѪ鶸ֶ
ı仯طˣϵ䵽Ϲħ񴫳ѪϵѪϵѪ飬Ȼɿ뵽˴Ѫ֮ڡ
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һĻոջڽŵħ̫ӴʱŴֱͣɵۡ
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Ϲħ񴫳УԲܽȥһħ̫Ӵƶ˵
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״ҶЦ
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һЦҶŭҵҪ˭ҳ壡ϵľ׵ģܳ壬˵˭˭˭˭һġ
ȻˣϹħ񴫳Ĵرһϵûˣ
ҶĻħ̫Ӵк޲õҶ滯ǳɻҡ
ǣҶȴ˵һ㣬ħ̫ӣʱҲҵһ塣
ΪҶ˵ĺܶԣ˭һ壬˭һעϹħ񴫳ԵҲעĴرԵ
ҶĻɹЩħڲĲ¼֮⡣
࿴ŶԷȴûκһǰ壬ħ̫Ӵ˵컨׹Ҳû˸ҳˡ
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Ҷɵ
֮ԣħ壬ӵ˽
ħ̫Ӵżż˭ҲΪʱֻܸɵһĿԶѪзĴѪ⡣
һĻҶǸһ˿ԶѪɫУڣ췭ظı仯
ҶԸӦһ˿˿ޱȵ컯֮Ѿʼע뵽֮УֻҪãҪںϹħĴвС
ǳȴޱȸط·ѹһעԪ顣
Ԫ飬ѹʽע룬ֱӾͽꡣ
ķţս飬ʹСţӿ
𿴽ܴеҶҶλһ壬ģҶġ
ȻòЩţȴǹͨģĳЩʹСţҶһۣǳ
ʱҶѹҹģҲǿһ۶ѡ
ҲڴʱҶͻȻһԺֵУͻȻͳҶ𾪵һĻ


2033 ҵĴ
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ԺгֵĻУȻҶʦ½ģ
ãĻУһ¡ͷڷɵ½룬һָоͳһɷ·һĹ㡣
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̫ӴƸǱҶĴЦֱֻأ̫ˡ
Ϊһ˿Ȼͽʮħսȫ׹ؾ֮⣬һû
ʮħսƴʧʮħսЩħսҶľףôζԳȥ
ʮħսҪɱҲҪǾףԿԸȡ㹻ʱ䡣
ϧǣΪȻһû
ȥ´Ļһأ¾ûʲôˡ
ԣ˿ħ̫ӴԶԶģޱȼɵĶҶͷɫ׹˸ĺ鱦ֱһڸҧ顣
˭Ҳûз֣ҶУһ˿ĪĽҡ
ħ̫ӴƵ֪ϵľףҶٻԷųǣ֪ʲô뷨
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ǼϵľףԿԺɱĵش̫Ӵƺ͹ħħ׭[Ĵڡ
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ڣҶֻϣϹħԜĴС
ֻҪһɣҶ߾Ϳֶһ㻥ƴҶǲ塣
ңֻҪ׹ؾź鱦սѪҶһǵơ
һ˿һħ̫ӴЩһĶˡ
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۹ϹħĴѾʼ
ڶٽҲ
ʱϵԽãԽǵĻԽС
ħ̫ӴƼŵʱԶͻȻ˼ٱӵ⣬򣬶һ
еħϢŨޱȡ
״ħ̫Ӵƴϲ
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һħ̫ӴξƾʧҶĸӦУһռ䲨ֱǼ㡣
Ҷɫһ䣬ʱˣħ
̫ӴȥҰˣҲ١
ҲڴʱһսѪĪͻȻ䴫ҶԪ飬Ҷ飬˲ϢùŹ


2034 ħϢ
ƿأ
һƿصĸо
ͬħ֮һƿظо
֮ǰħϹħԜİ׹ؾ֮սѪħطһƿظУ׵ʧˡ
ǽ׵鱦սѪ죬Ҳ޷Ӱ쵽׹ؾ֮һ˿һط֮
ڣħ֮еϤƿطĸоֻˡ
ĪľϲӿҶͷ
һսѪӰ쵽׹ؾڵطֻһ˿һҲԶս𵽾޴ãǾһսʤ
ΪʲôͻȻֱ仯ҶҲȷԭ
ǾϹħ񴫳ںϡ
ԭ׹ؾΪϹħԜĴлߴڵ컯֮ԭط֮Գϵƿħ粿طսѪ죬κá
ϹħԜĴںϣ컯֮Ԫ֮ά׹ؾԳϵطʧȥάֵĻ׹ؾԳϵطҲͿʼˡ
׹ؾħ֮ڣԳϵط֮ħطϵͻῪʼǲطϵ
սѪȻȻģͿƿطˣȻ١
Ҫá
Ҫǣƿصĸоڲϵļǿš
ںϵϹħԜĴԽԽ࣬սѪطϵӰ죬ԽԽࡣ
ƿԽ࣬ҶĵҲԽƶ
ҲڴʱŴ󲿷컯֮Ԫ֮·Ѫɫ֮Ǽս⡢ɱ⡢ɷѪʧȥ컯֮ѹ֮ͻȻʧصĳˮһ㣬ɢ˷
Ҷܵһ΢һ߶սѪ죬ʧһɢ˷Ѫ⳱ˣ͵һǺһ㣬ֱӳͷսѪ졣
ʱսѪɢѪ⣬ɿıŨսѪϢǷɿ
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һƵƵͷħ̫Ӵ뿪ķĿв
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һˣܹŵĺüλǿޱȵħ𲻸ħ̫ӴҲסˡ
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ƺӦĿ⣬Ҷ΢΢һƳ߷ʷʵϣŬļһ˿ôԵЦݣЦдżֺõζ
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Ŀޱȵ⣬˲ϢγһĻĵħ̫ӴƵĶĿǰ
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һħħ𾪺ɲǣħ̫ӴƶĿǰĻɢĿֲϢҶԪ鲻Ĳ
޷ݵĿֲѹ֮£ҶɫԪ飬غţ㾡ȫĵֵɽѹ
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һ˲䣬ΪԪҶƺ޷Ĵ߶ͷĺ鱦ˡ
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ֻӡѹ꣬ѹǱϵѹƣȶԪ顣
ֻֻӡķҲĪá
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ַͬʩչȥսѪĿռҶ׾ٵһһĴѪ죬ϵ׳սѪıԴ
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ΪĿħһѪĻ壬̫ӴƵļʶѪеļ䣬ġ
˲Ϣ䣬뵽ԭί
̫ӴƵɫʱ䣡


2036 
طʵһתĹ
ΪûͻƵ컯֮ǰ۽ĸ磬ֻܽܺѭһط
һ㣬Ǹĵ֮⣬˭޷ġ
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Ҫǣ
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2037 н
Сʮ÷Ԫ롢Լǧţëϸ̣һλţħħϣէһǲһ
С츳ͨλţħħϢʼɿļСĳǧɺתΪۻע뵽Ҷڡ
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ңʩչͨΪСͨӦҲһ
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ǣʱħǣһֻԼٳȣ˭ʱ
ʱ䣬ҲûǸ
ħ̫Ӵԣ̽鱦Ҷ棬ħУͽһĴڡ
ûʲô
ڷΪҶ濴ħħеѪ˺ħ磬дɻ
ħ̫Ӵʾ뵽ڣѾ˽ӵĹڡ
ʵϣӵĹڣҶֻնɱ˾ħħ
ЩħħƴҶеĸ׺
Ϊܹħ𣬶ŲıֶΡ
˵Ҷɸɵħħɣȶ䲻֮¾ͱСŪԪɢ
ߵħħǣȴһ˷
ľͽı׼ˣҶսѪؽ鱦һĸնɱޱȵѣҲޱȵĴ
ԣֱʱλţħħҲֻҶֵĵʮλħѡ
ˣ̫Ӵơħħ׭[ˣҶֻĿ롣
ȻЩ˾㲻ߣҶҪնɱǣҲǳѡ
ҶЩźƤӵߵλħ
λħսѪϣҶ涼նɱİա
ǣҶֻĿǳ롣
ǰλţħħΨһʺСɲҽתΪҶΪħ
ħƫɱ¾ǸС޷תҶΪġ
սѪʱѾƷ鱦ˣжǿҶв
ǣͻƳΪƷ鱦֮ħڵΣһ澵һҶԺС
˻еһб仯һޱȵĲҶԺС
ֻҪҶ֪һͿ֪ϸޱȡ
뿪λħǳħλħ塣
Ӵ˿𣬳˱Сɵǰţħħ֮⣬ħ֮ڣһħ塣
֮ⳡйϹħ񴫳еᣬѾ׵Ļ
Ϲħ񴫳УջߣҶ
ҶΪʱѾϹħԜĴǰޱȵӲĸ˵ڡ
ϢȻڲϵִлڼΪȴֹڵ۷塣
ߵΪͻƵ֮ҪһǸطˡ
Ȼ˵ϹħԜĴУźط򴫳С
ִУֻһ͸ĴУǸ裬Ļá
֮ʱǸˮ⣬Ϊηˮ˺ˮԴˮĹģޱȡ
Ҫ⺣ˮԴҪĹբȵȡ
ҪΪҪôʱϹħĴУܹıԼĶ
ȻҪǻˣҪˮˮѾ˺ˮԴֻҪ
£Ϊʵٶȣһĵ޷ġ
ΪֻҪ͸ˣʵܹٵ
ҪǣģҶġ
͸Ķ൱Ҷ͸ˡ
͸һϵ취ôʵϾ൱ҶҲ͸ϵط
ҲֱʱҶʦ½봫֮ĸ֮
ǽһ˱ˣɹǲģȴܹ
ڵ֮Чͻ÷ǳĿֲ
еĵֶһʱȥط
Ҷ棬ȴ൱ͬʱڲ򣬲ʱ䣬൱һǧꡣ
벻ǿ󶼲С
ҲֱʱҶҲŷ֣ʦ½봫µãǲӣûϸھ򣬺öҶ涼ֻ˱档
ͻأģСϸȫţħħͻȻ䷢˲һ
ԭԲţԲʱѾһţƤüӡ
ͬһɲǣҶϢһҶΪѾ˳µͻƵ˽ء
ĿѾեɵС̹һʮ÷Ԫ룬ͽһ걾Դڵɡ
ţħħеʣɢ
ҲͬʱѪ⻺ɢн


2038 
нͬʱ׹ؾİ׹ǣȻɫĩ
Ѫɫ˷ӿʱͽ׹ؾøħһģһ
ԭѪأʱѾɺԣеսѪȫսѪһա
һɲǣҶüͷȴ
սѪĸӦУûзνĴ֮
ഫ֮У˴бвٴ֮
һࡣ
ߵΪԽǿԽ񣬴Խࡣ
Ҷ浱õĻ˧Ĵеʱ򣬾ͻ˳»䣬Ǵ֮
ڣһλϹħĴУȻûһ֮ҶЩ֮࣬ҲЩʧ
һҶٴνսѪ֮УʱԭȰ׹ؾΧڵĵһУǵϵµģȫ˺ֵĳҶԺС
ϧǣ㴫֮ӰӶûп
սѪӦһ
һƷ鱦ǸԵĺ鱦Եֵʮ֮ˡ
Ȼûд֮ҶһϸĲ쿴õϹħ񴫳Уħһ·ħĴС
ϸĲ쿴һ֮ҶͻȻȻˡ
ΪԜϹħȻҲһħ
ңֻʵĻħߣҶħսѪĲðƻҪǿܶࡣ
ԜһĻħߣУȴΪӡ
Ҳ˵ӣ˵ħߵͨΪģ˷չȥ
˻ħһͨطԜҲйħط
ΪħߵԜеĹħطȴħħ׭[һ¡
ԜеĹħطҪΪĻħͨǻħһģĿ޷
ԜΣħͨطУǸħħ׭[ģϹħԜᣬ׭[ģԜҲһ֡
ϾԜĲΰϹħ񰡣컯ˣΪϵϹħ
ħħ׭[ٿ꣬ҲܹӴԜĲΡ
ǹħħ׭[ʩչͨطõĴ֮УҲС
Ҳ⴫ؾ֮УΪλӵ˺İ׹ǡ
İ׹ǣǵӻ߽Ԝĸ徫ӢʬǣԼռʬǡ
֮⣬йսѪһģս⡢ɱ⡢ɷѪɱ¾ͨطλϹħԜԡ
Щصչʤ
һλϹħʮ۵ͨطǷǳĿֲġ
ҶԪҪȫҲҪʱ䡣
ҪȫԜĴм䣬Ҫʱ䣬ҲǺġ
ҶҪ׵ĻϹħԜĴУҪʱˡ
ԜĴƺͨҶҲҪȫ
ֻҪѡһҪͨطɡ
ĻħߵͨطԼûħӳʵĹħͨط
ģһЩرмֵģȫҪʱó
Ҷ濴һЩŵͨطҲǷǳмֵġ
֮ȻΪλϹħԜһλħߣҶֵƷ鱦սѪ죬ǿĴ֮
ԽħطɱɱӣǸ廹ǷΧԵġ
˵սѪһͿԶϼǧ֮
ԜĴм֮УսѪֱƷ鱦ĺڱҶʦ½նɱʱսѪĴԴġ
ĲлΪ´УʹսѪ챾ԴָƳɴĴѪ죬ɢ˷ʹԼĴпؼյһ档
ҵǣѪıԴҲ׳
Եɺ֮£ҶõսѪ׳ѪıԴ֮ƷԾͻƵ鱦ڵƷ鱦
ϧǣٵ̺սѪ챾ԴĴѪ죬֪䵽˺η
𻵣ʱɢ˼ɽ󣬶񴫳ѾҶҪһĴѪ죬ָսѪıԴ
ǿԾͷǳСˡ
սѪƷףҲֹֻƷ鱦ˣҪָΪƷ鱦ĺǾҪԵˡ
ҶȻħһĵʬ壬Դڵħħ
ǡֻ˻ħһϹħ񴫳У˵ɺϣ˵Ŭá
Ҷбħ֮󣬳ɾħһֱĥħ顣
µļλųϵħڵΣѰҿܵĴ֮ء
н
ܹϹħ񴫳УһҶ汾ռȻҶ֮ǰħʵʿߣռ˵˵֮
˵ҶֵܣϲϹħĴУǲǸưŶƤֵ˵
磬л־Ͳ˵ˣһҪģȻתĴ½ҤذĹ͢Һܹ
ãݵĹ͢Һҿɼס˰ܹҪסƤ
Ĵ½ǲҪĺãħϹħĴУ壬ǰ飬ǲôΪģǰ˵
ţף
Ҷصĵ˵ͷ֪Ϊá
˵ҶҲǳעġ
ǰͺӣҪˣƴһһûûεӡ
ƴ˭ᣡûĵһ飬óҶ˵ֵܣǽȥɡ
Ҷһʱ֮ЩûӦɻ磬ȥģ
Ǹʱռ䡣
Щأʱǵʵܿ죬˽ڣҲЩˡ
һսȴʶǵʵԶԶЩʱ˺ƴ
Ҫǿ츳ͨҶ֪ٴˡ
ʱ䣬ʱռ䣬ǻץΪɡ
Խ罫Ϊ۷ԽãȻͻƵ
ǵĶ࣬ȴǸӵֱӣ٣ϻһʵȡ
Һȣ
ҶȻôܣһսǼλ硭
һֹ֣Ҷ棬˵ˡҲΪ㣬̫飬Ѿ㹻Ľѵ
ңҲԺ飬СֶŮΣյʱֻĿŻίȫ
缸ΪҲ
˵һ룬һд˼ʡ
һӲʾˣо֮ʱֱ˵˻ͷ
һһĴ飬Ҳ
ҶҲ뵽̫һӦ飬һĺӣֲǰᡣ
ԣҶҲûж˵ϻǾͿްɣȱԴֱӿڡ
İɣԴɲôȱεֵħҲ٣ЩԱζǴ󲹵ζ˵ţ龹Ȼ˿ˮ
һɲǣҶһ֣ξƾʧҶֱͽʱռ䡣


2039 Ѫ
һҶͳ˴ؾ֮⣬ɽؾΧסĺڶħǰ
Ҷһֵģ֮ǰҶ봫ؾ֮һͬսɺߺͺھһǧħ꾫
һǧħ꾫һΣǱҶսռ֮ġ
ֱսѪһͽһǧħӼʮ￪
սѪǿ֮
ȻҪħ֮ڵԭ뿪ħ磬սѪûˡ
Ǹħطļӳֺʹ߶
ҵȲμ˧ش˧ʤ
ֵɲǣҶħ꾫񣬻ǺڶĶʮħ㶼ͬʱ£죡
ҶŰħ֮Уһ㡣
Ӧ˵ħף
ħڣֻҪǳɰǧĵɱ򣬶ҶĲˣ
ڶߡھţżϵ
ڣ
ڶߡھͬʱǰΰݣ
˴սڶзߺھɱڣд󹦣˵Ǻȷ֣ߵΪ׹
˵䣬սѪһһŨѪ˺ߵڣ˲Ϣ䣬ߵϢͿʼ
һ˲Ĺ򣬺ߵΪϢֱ˽۷塣
ҲսѪܹǵΪļˡ
ڵͲսѪܹˣҪսв
Щħ걾սɱ۶ɣҪͻƣֹֻɱ֮УͻƵĿܡ
ߵΪ˲Ϣ۷壬ǺڶǺھţ¶Ľ֮ɫ
ʹͲûн
һ飬ȡһ֮ǰսռĽħ
ƴûκħϸһţħʬѪëͷٵĿήȻۿɼٶȻɷɻҡ
ֻһɢŰɫӫİ׹á
ָŹķһѪⲻͣĴָսѪϷɳ߰׹ڡ
ģ׹һѪɲǣһָ߳룡
һ޵ͽ߽˲ϢʹźͶǾɢѪİ׹á
ڣ
飡
顯ֳڵɲǣɢѪɫ⻪׹жشǿùǼڡ
ȥĺߣȴûһ˿ľš
ǶԣǵĴ˧εĴڡ
ֻҪ˧һ£ǾȫȥҲκԥ
׹õںϣ˴ԼʮϢĹ򣬵׹óںϵɲǣ׹նĿ֮УͻȻȼѪɫ档
׹ҲһɲǼ䣬ɫŨޱȵѪɫá
ĪϢʼѪɢ
ںϵѪãǸһţݺݵĲһ½µأ޴졣
һɲǣ͵صϥأҶͷ°л˧֮
Ӧõģ˧£йͣ˵
龰úڶͺھţӶɳˣһԵЩħ꾫ӢĸѪڡ
ҲûᣬҪлĻǺ޲ϳǰսȻ÷͡
ħûʵģһĴڡ
壬սУʱǷǳԿġ
ΪһܵشǱΪսͻȵ½
һˣǵΪ½һ󾳽硣
ңʵ֮ǿԷӳǿսӵ
ңΪħ꣬ʵȻҪڹؼʱ̣ȴʱǶһǿĻһǷ
ںϲʢʱҶóһƷħ׺һƷħĳǹǿɫԪ⻪ʱͽ߲Ϣɢĸɸɾ
ȻӸǴӽսħ徫Ӣɻġ
Ҳģ
л˧ͱ
һ߾ʹӡ롣
ɢѪɫļкͳǹڻѪĻѪõĺУһľɱһֱ
ڶͺھſȴǸӵȡ
ڶھţ
Ҷһ߳ڶͺھͬʱУǾϲУѪǵ壬ǵΪڶ̶һ֮Уʹﵽ˽۷塣
óħ徫Ӣʬ壬編ơ
֮󣬺ڶͺھҲԻģ̫ѪãݵİҶǰ
Ҷͷԭġ
Ȼ˵׹ôԺߵʹ;һġ
գҶֻڶͺھŸʹһõƷħߣ
ͻԶԶûнҶúڶߡھ˷ֱгս׿֮ˣ͡
Щս׿֮ˣԼңȫǽħꡣ
ģҶ潫ħ˵ΪͳͳأľӢħΪദڽص֮䡣
ͬʱЩˣҶҲѡռĽʬ廯ãͳͳսǿѪá
˵һһҵѪãδһʱҶħŵееľ
ÿһλԷӳӦΪʵսѪļӳ£Էӳ۷ս
ڼһйħ꣬Ҷ潫ǵΪͳͳأǲûд
һǷͲ̫ģոմԜħ񴫳УѧںѪսʿطô֮⣬ÿںһλѪսʿҲĴ
һλͷѪãѾԪĽ룬ֻܵԺͨ͸˳ںѪսʿ
ܿģڶߡλųѡйԱʹϣҶԣͻûн
˴սǲսߣйֻͣҪй˧Բʹͣ
߳һսѪ϶ɢѪ⣬˲ϢͽĶʮħ꽫ʿ
ģսѪǰϹħ񴫳·ѪеĿսѪһգĿǰ㹻Ҷ˷ѣ
ǰģջ񵽵İٷ֮һûС
˽ʮħ꽫ʿҶԪɿԼϸ΢Ŀȡ
Щħ굱УģЩҶɱؾֻħꡣ
ΪȣΪء
ԭһǧħ֮УǧҶһһǧħ꣬˵ΪϢȫ˽
ǽħ꣬ʵǴﵽ˽ڡ
һֱߵĶʮħȴ󶼲࣬СΪٴ
ǧڵħ꣬ΪͻƵ˽ͻƵģǸࡣ
ҵȶл˧ͣ
ϵĶʮħѹѹĹһƬɽХһ쳹գ


2040 Ѷ
ϹħԜĴУͬʱҲҶƿħ硣
ڴ֮ǰķʽҶ治֪Ϲħ񴫳еħ̫ӴƣǶΪϹħ񴫳еĴڣͨħطħڡ
ڣϹħĴѾˣħҲ޷֮ǰطλħˡ
ʽҶͨսѪ죬Ѿħÿһ俴ħڣûа봦Ų󣬸˵ֿŲ
֮ߵħ̫ӴƵˣ֪ħĴڣҪٴνħ磬ϣҲǳã
Ҫٴνħ磬ֻһǾããУҵħǿź۵ǳ
Ȼͨ˺ձݣٴνħ硣
ããУûоλϢС磬Ѷȱȴ뻹Ҫѡ
ЩܹʱڻнǿдȻħλá
С磬Ǳֵġ
ĻʣɷǳС
ҪȻħҲýѪֿԶλؾıޱȵҪˡ
֮ħ磬ͳ׵Ҷˡ
ϧǣħƷȻΪͨС磬ϹħԜԭط򣬸ƫڻħһ塣
ҶԹˣֲͨѹ޷档
ˮҲٵ
Ҷд߽ܹܳʱģͨˣ˵Ƿ׳󣬳ʱܡ
˵ǻ죬Ҳܡ
طҲǹѾƶõģȻҶӵпؽ鱦սѪ죬Ҳֻط򣬶޷ı䡣
һҶʵԽϹħԜĲΣĵػ𣬸ı취
עħЩƫţ޷ΪЩǿ׷͵硣
ħϾһӵطͨС磬̺ļֵҲǳľˡ
ΪؽսѪ죬ޱȵĽħηӳҶԺУϻǵ¡
Ҷһɨֵľħɫ
ңΪħʮԭЩޱȵۺƷҲǳĸߡ
˵ģ˵ȽϳǸɷѪ󣬼ȱƷ͵ɷѪ񣬿ɳҲһҲԻһƷʯ
ƷɷѪһԻһٿ鼫Ʒʯ˵ǸΪɷѪˣҶ⿴ģгɷѪ衣
Ȼ˵ɷѪħڵ󣬵ڵҲ٣ֻɳ֮ȫõ·
ɷѪֻħȽϳļֵص׿ˣ˵Щϡޱȵĵص׿ˡ
ЩֻҪĿɣͿԸҶṩһȶĲԴ
Щ֮ҶϾͶµİħһࡣ
ħΪֽߣҶ˷ָˡ
ϵĽʮħҶΪսħţֱɺڶߡھŸһ
ҪѲħ磬ԼҶĵʱ׼ս
ʮħҶ˿Ҷѡ˼Щħ֧꣬ڿš
ҶĿͼɿ
ҶļƻЩõġ
Ϊħڣħڵԭ򣬻ԷȡѪɷÿ춼ƾ۲Ϊµħꡣ
Щµħ꣬᲻ϵĲ䵽֮У֮УֻҪΪͻƵģʱ౸ս֮УԱ㲹ħš
ȻЩֻȨ֮ơ
ҪЩԴֻսܵħ꣬ȥڿ󡢴鰲ŵĺúõģΡ
ܲ˶ˡ
Ҷ뿪ħ֮󣬾ʹ½һڹߵħܿˣԱΪҶṩԴԴϵĲԴ
ʱҶļӳ֣Ϊµ壬ɿԽħķ
е鷳ģڹԱѡ⣬ϾһʺĵطҪħ꣬˭Ըġ
ҳϣҶ浹¡
ħڣҶ£ģ
źһУҶԼҲʼǱ
ʱ䣬ҶΪ̫죬ֱӴﵽ˽أûüʵ
ȳһʱ䣬Ҷսһµ
οõϹħԜĴУͨطҶ涼ΪҶûд߶Щͨطĸ
ǣһõľ飬ͲõͨطҶȴǿġ
óʱ䣬ҶԺúõһ¡
Ҷλתħ磬Ϊ˶̫һʹʥ׷ɱ
òװڴ˵ذȵһʱ䣬ʵ
ɳľ飬Ҷ洢ʳˮҲ㹻Ҷǳźܳʱˡ
ϾЩħǲκʳġ
ʱռãһεĿޣҲʮֵĸЧ
һ죬൱ʮ졣
Ҷ棬顢ԡֻͫǴ䡢ǧ̡СèǣΪڷٵС
֮ҶͱϵʱյһԺĴ½Ľˡ
鿪ͷһлҶüͷ
ˣ͢оٹ飬ʮ𼱣һӸҶŹ졢㣬пżξƜWӡŵѶ


2041 
ҶںĴ½ͷλģǴѲ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹǱȲֻ
Щְķ飬Ҷ涼˰š
£һС£Ҷ氲ŵֶԽһЩ£ǴΪֻеҪ£ǾͲҶ氲ŵܹġ
˱Ͼˣ֪Ҷķ棬Щ飬޷ҲܴҶ
ԣ뿪ʱҶ׼ӦֶΡ
͹ú˼׹صͨѶŲԱʱ֮衣
ҶԼʱ䣬㣬ÿµʱͻὫͨѶŲó
ǿʱϵҶ棬޷ԷϵҶ棬Ҷ
Ҷ߳⣬һµжϵҶ棬Ǿо
죬ҶԼϵʱ䣬ǡþյѶ
ҶǱ£͢ǲо´ģ֮ǰҶѲ˾˾ǱѾкʱڲᰲž
ѲǱߣոҶһʱڿ϶Ҷ档
֮࣬ҶϸĽ⸽оķϸһ顣
ǷӸǵĴܵ۹ܲӡʱҶɫΪ֮һ䡣
ħսĸ֣һҶĿ
ɴֱܾǩľ
ֲù졢㣬żξƜWǻᷢѶʵΪµӰ죬̫ˡ
ħսΪֹСս²ϣķߣפǧܵ۹Ĵ
ǧĴפԴܵ۹˵Ҳһޱȳصĸ
⻹ΣҪפħսĽʿ
ħսǺ󷽣ҲޱȣԣҾ޷ġ
˭ҲԸ⽫ҾǸպɱ¾֮ء
ҴģҲֻЩۺʵĸ߼٣ǴС檡
ôģЩʿפû⣬ʮԼ֣ʮʮء
ѹ޷ŽļįϿľ˵һĽʿ־ᶨĸ֣пܱƷ衣
˭ܲˡ
ھо󣬴ܾƶһַ
ķߣ˴ֱܾľ񲿶֮⣬ӣֻΪפزѲ飬սӡ
ЩѲսҪ󣬲̫ߡ
о֮󣬾ռ󲿷ֵѲתƵзصĹϡ
ô壬ԵԷʳҲӦΪܷǡ
ԣܸзصĹ壬λƷףشСɳѲǰħսЭ
ƶȣѾִˡ
ܸһפħսĲӣ͸ߴ
Ҷ浱ոĴ½￤װͻţǸոմħսġ
ħսأȻֲ˵Ǵܽʿ̾ĵط
ܾɣûնɱħ壬ֻҪħսפһ꣬ͿԻһ
פʮ꣬һְûκġ
פڼ䣬ʲôնܹѫλǾ͸˲ˡ
ԣַħս󲿷ʿǺģܵǺŨġ
ʿǺΪиı˵Ļᡣ
ڷԣħսһǵսľĵط
Ҳ񣬹ҲͨħսĴƴλⷽ棬Ǻĵġ
ǣħսѲʧս֮ģⶼС⣬Դңпܵġ
ÿ꣬ħսϣλĹһĹҲһ
Ҫǣ±ߵ٣ҶµĿءξˣҶ浹ùҲҪŵù
νһپ٣һ
ǿżξƜWޱȽŵԭ
ܵĹ·Ĺ壬ʮ֮ڣᱻǰħսΪصķչ;ӵѵҪһ̡
ϸһ㣬ҶִĴ½ʮһңλҲž겻ܵĹ·Ĺ壬ҪʮŻħս
ҶѰҲ£Ҳǿǵ֮󣬻ħսųġ
û뵽ħսľȴôˣеΥ
ҲֻǹѣֻҪ´ˣɽһľ
Υ˹ֻҪ´ˣҶֻѡִС
ִ
Ӹдܾľǳļ򵥡
ȲҶ棬һ֮ڣʮԱеִħս󶼶ն壡
ߣȴϸ˵ʮھΪ
㲻ܴһΪ꺣ûеĲħսս
оӵѵʱȵȣҪϵĿξϸע
΢˼һ£Ҷ͸졢㣬пżξƜWһ顣
׼ҶԼ̵ʱڷء
пξƜWʼ׼פľӣ׼ʮ
Ҫľʮ򣬵ǣʱɸҶһǸȫҶڸ
벻⣬ǶƵĺá
ܾ涨ӵޣȴûй涨ޡ
涨ʮֻҪû⣬ʮû⡣
ǣħս󶼶ṩĸֲȴֻʮĹ
֮ľӵĲҪԴˡ
Ҷߣ٣Ҳ̫࣬ʮĿʡ
פޣ£ʮ꣬㹻ľ߾սɣܹפ
УҪ׼ǧͷǰڵ飬Ҷֻܽǳﱸˡ
ڵõȷĴ֮Ҷ˼
νӵǰħսפһ£ʵҪһиӵĶࡣ
ΪĿǰħս󶼶Ĵ󶼶ԭ
ҶԭҲ϶ͷˣħս϶һᷫ˳
ǣħսеģǾһб俪оʼ¡Բ֣Ҳùá
⣬ܡ
ԣһǰħսҶ滹ö׼Բȫ
ǧͷҶ˼һ죬ڷ֮м¼׼Ż
쳤һǰѪɫգҶЦˣħս𣿡
ֵµħ壬ѳǧ򣬵˫ʮ֮кξ֮
ڶߡھţ
ҶһѪѾѪõλųͳҶǰ
ӣˣÿ˴һ汾˧
ħ޷սǴȥ˵벻ãĿǰħҲս£Ҷʹ㽫һ֧ϱá
ǣµȽ˧
Ҷ潫ħʮµʱڿɳĺʯȫһһװռڡ
ɽһĺʯŲƣټħǷǳԪġ
Ҷ滨ʱ䣬һ׼
Ҷð֮һͳħռڣ̤뿪ħ֮š
һ⻪˸֮Ҷ뿪ռ֮ţִĿĵء
صɲǣҶɫؾ䡣
ô


2042 ;
Ҷʱŵĵطʲô׾յأҲķĻܽأ˰֮С
ʱŵĵطܰһƬɽɢһĪζܲСϤϤС
ͣ
ҶģǻƬصϢ
ͬ磬ɢϢǲͬġ
ֲͬһǸӦģԪǿߣȴᵽ⵱ϸ΢Ĳ
Ĵ½ĴأһߵϢҲһϣһֺӵȴ̺һبŲãһϢ
ҶµأɢϢҲޱȵĺиȴ˺Ĵ½еبŲãϢ
֮ҶŵĵطĴ½
ҶԤУħ뿪ͿԻתĴ½۳ںĴ½Ҷ£ͿԻת
Ȼǰħսˣʱ˵ܿԣҶһҲż
ڣħ뿪֮Ҷ沢ûڵĻתĴ½ҶļƻһӾˡ
ҪǣҶĸӦУûбĻŵĵطӦ̫硣
ЩҪˡ
޷ֱӴħתĴ½Ǵ̫תĴ½ǲȽ鷳ķѵʱ䣬Ҳ˵
һҶг̣ͻ÷ǳȡ
ܵľɲΥ
µӣҲҪϵ
ľǿɲģһڣҶҪնҶҶıһ٣ҲȫҪģɱͷ
Ҷȷħ뿪Ψһͨûг⡣
ͨûг⣬ҶȴûгԤ֮еĺĴ½֮ǰתʱ̫磬ôʮа˾ţҶ֪ˡ
˵˵ô£ҶѯʵģȻԪ鰢һˡ
һȻͳ㣬˵һ㣬ۼʶû˵
ҵҶүôôأ£Ӧ
Ӧʲô˼
˼ǣҳʱӦó̫磿
ûġ
Ԫ鰢˻Դ㵱ħʱǴ̫ģôʱȻҲ̫硣
ԣ
˼һ£Ҷҡͷǵ׷ԭӥǰԭҵĺҵ¾պ𣿡
ʱ¾պ⵽֮Ϊ˱ܿǸҾֱսѪ쿪ͨħ硣
ħ뿪֮󣬾ֱӻת˺Ĵ½
Ǻħ磬ֱӻתĴ½Ϊʲô̫룬ȴأҶʵ
үģȼйء
Ǹ磬Ȼλڻ֮˵ˮˮƷףҲǸͨС硣
Ҷүħ磬ĿǰƷ׶ԣҲǸͨС磬䱾Դȴͨ磬ֻҪ㹻Դʱ䣬ħͿԳɳΪͨ硣
̫磬ȴС磬Ʒ׺ͺĴ½һħ绹Ҫߡ
ԭħȻһԳһĶͨС磬ڲûڻ֮ˮڻһĹ켣ƶûй̶λá
ͨȻڣǳλλãȴһֱڱ仯ÿһڱ仯
ƶ켣ڤڤܿؽ鱦սѪӰ졣̫ʹսѪ죬ħͻп̫ķ򣬲̫ܵϢӰ졣
ںĴ½֮ʹãͻܵĴ½Ӱ졣
ֻƷױħǿ磬ܹӰ쵽ħ硣ǸƷײħ磬޷Ӱ쵽ħķλ̶ʹħһοؽ鱦ĵطĴ½Ӱ졣
ܴӺֱӻתĴ½ǣ̫粻һ̫Ʒףħǿ̫̫ˡ
˵꣬Ԫ鰢Сʵүģˣ
Ҷ滺˵˵ͷǹһ˿޵ĿЦ
Ƿ֪ʶ
Ҫ֪ⷽʶٶһ㣬Ͳ᷸Ĵ
û뵽ƷףȻӰ쵽
ҶֱͨħתĴ½飬ˡ
ҶϸĹ滮תĴ½·
Ҷһ뿪̫磬Ѿʮˡ
ʮµʱ䣬ͨ˶ԣ㹻ˣǶڵԣҲֻһգ۶ѡ
ҶţͿʥʯʥˣ϶׷Ҷһ˵׷
ҶҪ뿪̫ΨһͨŲˣͿǻۣ϶زãѰҶм
ƫƫҪǣҪطͿãҶڵʵϧԸĻչгȥĿܡ
̫Ų޴ǣһ⣬ҶͻֹΧ֮С
ҪƽʱҶ浹Ҳν
˴ҺʱʮҶ涼νҶĵ
ƫƫľ֮ڣҶڰ֮ڣøϻȥܹʧڡ
һһε뿪ͻޱȡ
ҶҲû
̫С磬ҲһЩͨġ
ԴʮǰǴܹ̫֮ܽ罨ͨ磬Ҳ޷Ĵ½ͨ
Ҷշת֮£ȻصĴ½֪ʲôʱˡ
ȻҲһЩǳصĲΪ֪ͨҶʱҪ֪ǳѡ
գϸ֮Ҷ滹Ǿǰ̫Ų취
ϾҶ̫ݡ
Ҷ治֪ǣ̫ʱ峤ͿͻȻ˫ۣһЦ


2043 ֮
ʮǰǳսУ屳ԭΪ˷壬̫Ĵ½֮䣬һС磬ҫ硣
ԣҶҪغĴ½Ҫȵִ̫ǰҫŲͨҫ̲飬ȻפصҫǣȻٷغĴ½
ܾפصҫǣҶԣ⡣
ؼ˳̫ǽҫ磬һ
ҶģֻҪҫ磬ͻɺܶࡣ
ΪפҫӶԣܹ̫ͨŲ󣬾֤Ѿϸ̲ˣȾͻ
ҫפϸ̲ǴӴפصҫڹá
ҶͨͼԱȣϾȷԼķλ̫ǵķ
һ·СģСèķɵĸ߲˵˺μ
ҶԳ֣߶ڵСè˸ģñײ˴¡
νС޴Ҷһ·˼㣬ϧٶȡ
ʮ֮˳ִ̫ҫŲΪĽǡ
ʱ˳ͨУҶ沢û
λתʱҶȴǴ˸㡣
λ̫ǣפߴʮ򣬶ȫսɱľ
Ϊձ֮ͨ䣬žͨ󷨵Ľ죬ĴǵǿҲҪȴ
֮⣬ҶԼԼӦĵϢͳʮ
ҲһǵĻ䱸ˣǿķĶ֣ʱҲԹơ
۲ãҶͷ֣̲ԵҪʱϸĶࡣ
˳ֶ̲֮⣬ÿһߣҪط̽飬ãǱصա
ܱ߹۲һ֮ҶҲ޷ȷûͿ߾ʥ˰ŵ֡
ƿ̲飬ƿ̲ĺá
Ҷһ뵽ģȻʩչݣڣ뷨뿪
ֻҪڣͺðˡ
˸ᣬҶʹԶʩչݶУȻصװ֮С֮ڡ
һ˳
ǣҶеǽ·ʱɫͱѿ
ǽ·Ȼ˺ڰĽ֯һϸޱȵ
ҶǵĳǽһȦ֮˲ˡ
ɢϢ˿Ȼ·֯һ޴ޱȵ
ͷ·𵹿һ㣬λڵص׵Ĳ֣ȫ
Ҫǣڲϰͷ֩ţʱʱһ˿ǿ
Щڰ̫ǿҶһѻͿյ
ǣ˵յƬ˿Ūһ˿·֩͸֪Ӷʾ
һʾҶǱƻҲͱ¶ˡ
˼޽֮ҶֻܷǱƻ
ҶһγԱ
ҲԪ鰢ʩչݶԱˣ˵Ҷˡ
湦취ͨطпݵط֡
ֻǣ޷Ǳ룬ҶҪǣ͸ӵ鷳ˡ
Ȼ˵Ҷ̫ûģ˭ƣȴסǵĸ顣
Ҫɻأϲܡ
ҶͿʼԵڶ·
ȻǱɻضУôҶֻܳһЩðյķˡ
ҶĵԶȺ죬ڵȵһ֧͵̶ӡ
̶ӳԱԼǧңΪ͵ģڵһЩƹ֮ģĻͳʮˣ֮⣬֮У
ʱŴĻĳӣԼĶĴָǰǡ
ˣ
һһʯͷͻȻ˼֣һŻĻҵĵ£˾޴
лĿʱͱյϣעҲǷĻϡ
ҲڴʱСƵһݻƶӲḷ̌͵һͻľըѵϸ΢һ¡
ǸӲḷ̌ͺݺݵ˻ľƳԯϣû롣
һͬû복ԯģҶһľ̰΢
Ҷ棬Ķڡ
ֻ֮Ҫû⣬ǣͨŲ
ͨˣҶҲͨˡ
Сһֱһ΢
ݵļûʲô̶ӣǰС
ʱ̶֮ӳ̫ǵĴǰ״
ԶԶģ̶֮һλѲ˧ʹŴѲ٣Χ̶֧Χˮйͨ
ˣվԭأȴ飡Ѳ˧


2044 ĵȴ
Ϊй¶һ˿һϢҶϢ׵Ƕ˳ԯڡ
ֻСǸľڣСһ΢ɲҶ۲Ρ
Ѳ˧һȣ̶֧ΧˮйͨͿʼֳָʽ̽ϸ
ָڵĶȫóеĴ﷨ȫ򿪽ܼ飡Ѳٴδ
̶ӵĹɫһ䣬æǰһֺõЦˣǳɷУ̫£عأһ㣬ﶼ֪ġ
ⴢָڵĻȫȡɽһ㣬ʹã
УЩҩۣһΣɾ͡ˣͨһ°ɡ
˵䣬ǹ¾ͽһָѲС
Ѳһ£鿴һ´ָڵĶȥȽ⣬飬ޱȵ
˵ƹģҲͨڣʵϱߵĴ
ɷеƹɫһ䡣
ûҲ͸ףģǴۣ˵⼸֣Ѳı͡
ƹģɫӵѿˡ
ۣ
֮Уֻλۣʸ񱻳Ϊۡ
λ۹̫磬ǵĵλҲͱȴܵʼ¡һѡ
һ棬Ҳ˵̬ԡ
ڣҶЩأ۲֣¾͸Ӹˡ
ҶƣֵۣƺпǶۡ
ˣЩʵڲȫóҪȫóʧصĻС϶Դɾ͵áƹļ
˺ôѲ˧Ҳֶ̣˼һ¾͵ҲãɷҲǼģҼҴʥ˵ܸߵģˡ
ָڵĻﲻȫóеĴָԵĻռ䣬ȫҪĴ򿪣÷ǵ̽
лˣлˣƹæĵл
ܿģæµļͿʼˡ
ɷУһλˣõĴָǳǧ
֮⣬ЩҲǾƵģ𿴾ʮ׳̣ڲĿռ䣬ȴٵ˶ʮϡ
һ൱һף׵ĴͲֿ⣬װźĻ
ͣļУǸƹĲͣ˵źûźô
ҶǣѲ˧ȷʵޱȵϽǣǲôע⳵ԯ
ֻǼ΢΢ɨһ飬һ£Ǽˡ
ѹûע⵽Ҷĳԯ
ǰǰڼ˴ʱȻ֧Ӵ̶Ӿͱˣõͨ顣
еʱҶЩ⡣
ôף
ô׾ɻ̫ڣ
ʵЩ⡣
ϣֻҪ˵һؿڣõͨ飬ߵļ飬߹ˡ
ĳλ۵ҲʱǻִУһִʮ£ûκջ񣬶û֮ǰôˡ
ֱִ̫ڵŲʱһ·ϾĴμ飬һαһμ򵥣ҶÿһΣȻء
Ϊ̫ĽͰŦŲޱȷæġ
йģĳɷУҲûκȨֻŶӡ
ҶҲֻܾĵš
ģҶ滹Ǻġ
߸ʱ֮ƹһȣ̶ٴζ̤Ų
ŲĿ˧ʼŲʯʱҶĶ
Ųһص㣬ŲƵĶԽ࣬Խ
Ҷ黯΢ǣŲƵģȴɴڣҲС
طһη飬˭Ҳ޷ı䡣
ԣʱӦǺпܱ쳣ʱ
ܿģͻ㵹㹻Ʒʯ˲߶
ǣ󷨿ʼ߶ʱŲܱߵ죬Ȼֻ˴룬һû
ģ˭˲ôĶ˭ʲôû걨˧
ɷеƹٴЦϴεˣ̶ӾûκλֻһĻƵģЩأ˼£
һ˵һĵһϷĴָ
˿ǿ˧ɫָ۵ûôĶͺãҹˡ˵ţֿʼ㵹Ʒʯ
Χĳɷеƹȴֹȷʵһ㲻ôĶǣýӽ֮һ
һ㷽棬ǻƵġ
һεŲԱУһ̶ӣֻˡ
ҪȻ⣬鷳ʧģǵ̶ӡ
ŲһĹ⻪ʱҶŵģڷȥ
ܹ뿪ˣ
ʵǱҶеҪɵĶࡣ
ʵĿռͨУ⻪ͣĴţһ˲һһôá
⻪ɢȥʱѾһɫɫ硣
ҫ絽ˣ
ҶѾ뿪̫磬ִҫ硣
ֻҪҫص뿪ɴصҫǣҶ󺣣ǰرִоˡ
ɷдӵƹҲ¶֮ɫ
ҫǣǺɫġ
ǣҪԴӺĴ½ǱԱǣԵҪǴ̫Ա
˵ֻҪ̫Ųִҫ磬ҫصڣֻ߸ѡ
˵ǳɷеƹ񣬾ڵҶ棬Ҳ
Ҳһɲǣ
һŻɵӼͻأĳУɫ·ˮһ㵴ɲǣĳԯը˷飡


2045 ʱ
ɫ̺һĪĿռֱӽ΢ĳԯըɷ顣
ҪǣѼ΢ըɲǣǻɫͷ·Ⱦɫһ˲Ϣͽ΢˴Ŀĺ⡣
Ҷ飬ɷеƹϣеλϣڻɫɢɲǣҲһ⡣
ϵԳһĽӿռ߽磬ЯЩΥĻĵر
ʱȫ¶ˡ
ɷеƹ̶ӹ¶˾ɫ飬ɲ˵ɴС
һ巽棬ǾͿɾ鷳ˡ
ͻΡ
Ӧһ峤ͿӰƾո֡
ҶϷڴ˹ʱˣ
ЦУһִֻͿԺ̽ץ˱ɫɴĿ顣
鱻ǻɫӳԯըɲǣҶ֪ˣ
ֲ֮ǰô˳ԭͿϺء
Ҷ˲Ϣˡ
̫̫ˣͿĵ۷ǿߣ۵Ҫ鵽һ˵٣Ҳ̫ˡ
뿪̫;ֻһ
֮£ҫصǣΧӵСӵķ㡣
˵ףҶˡ
ͿϺꡣ
Ҳǣܹûĳ໢һڻڵӵڶΪ塢̫Ĵʦ֮
˸ƵҶҲԩ
ˣҶֻܼвˡ
鱻ӳԯ𵴳ɲǣҶĴ
ΪҶ治Ļ鱾ûκζġ
ǱͿõУȻߣֻҪͿӡҶͻޱȵı
̫ˣ
һж̫ˡ
ҶոճɲǣͿĴ־鵱
ӦҶϢɲǣͿüһӡرΪǣ˲ϢӡϢǿʮֹҶſĶ¡
ֱҶ浱ڳ¡
һصݴҶ֣αѾϸܵĺɫۼһصĲҶ
ǣִ̫ˡ
ҶոմڳǧӰһܼҶϡ
һֱɽľҶϣҶĺɫһըѣҶķ߶£һ
ǣٶȣǱըѵٶҪ
һؾ͸ҶڣҶضɽҡһ
ҲҶĺע壬ǿȱһĽҪǿĶ࣬򣬽һ£ҶҪˡ
ǣѪ̲סĴҶпмһϸС顣
ķ·˻һļҶ֮С
ԼǿĴҶ˲Ϣ˯Ҷһһϸٶܡ
ʮ÷Ԫ˸ź˵ݺݵͿɫӡ˹ȥ
״Ϳֻһѹû⡣
Ҷһڵľ鱨֪ˡ
һڵľͿﵽ۷ǧΪͲˡ
ֻҪҵ壬ҲǼɱ⡣
Ĵ߶£Ҷɫӡӵ
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ۻޱȣǿ߶ӲӵĴӡڱСʮ÷Ԫһ֮ͻȻһһ㣬ˣ
ֱӱͱˣ
컯
Ϳ۾صɴ󣬡һڵСôӵ컯
ţСһ˿컯ŽҶ洭Ĵӡƣ
ͬʱ˴Ϣ֮Ҷ棬νӣǲͣѪ
ȹͿ˫Ŀеľɫرһڵ˷֮ɫҶĿ⣬Ȼͱȫһ
컯
һ컯СǼֵȫһ
컯Щڵ۷޷ͻƵĴڣƿջ󰡡
ͻȻ䣬ͿУҶļֵͼ
·ȺʱѾҳһš
˷ӿΧס
ϢĹ򣬳ɷеƹģѾƲ˸ţűѪɵҶ棬Ǹư
úõģǱνҶˡ
ģִֻˡ
صǣ̶ӵĻȻǿ󣬵κΡ
УҶϢתڵľѪһ㻩𣬺ǿĻָһ˲ͷ
˿ʼɲǣҶƣѾһ룬𵴹Ȼȶ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷ淢֣ԶУͷöɫͿȻû׷
Уǹһ˿Ц
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ɲǼ䣬˴Ϣ֮Ҷ棬鱦ͬʱͷ
ɽ׹ޡǶ顣
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ҶʱˣһΣܣ
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һЦͷ׹޶³ɫ׹⣬ۻɽϢþʥܬAͿɫͬʱ䣡
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2046 СлԪ
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ΪεʥʱƤǱһֻҺɫƤë廯֮һ
ԣһƤ𣬾;ʱĴ򰾺ǿЩԵĺ鱦
ҲѶԸԭ򣬲˵Ǳͼóټһǿ󿰱Ⱥ鱦ƤëͬΪĵϿŤͷߡ
ΪǿһСĵǱҪҲԸǽ֡
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һΣϷҪ㻹ôӣͿЦ


2047 ҵ
ҫϿգʥܬA۴ʥʯʥ峤Ϳ̫ĴʦͿԼλλҶΧס
ͿͷĻɫ鲻ͣɢŻɫ⻪ܱˮһζ
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״ˣһսɣаĻѣټҵָӣδûһս֮
ϣֻҪôһɲǵʱ䣬ֻҪռĻɫжôһɲǣҾܹաСè˵
ҶүģҲò˵Σյһξʥʮλգر˵·԰Ƶش
뷨ƴɡ
ͷҲǴˣոĻĴУ١ҪˣͷӵĴУɾȫ군ˡ
̾һԪ鰢ֵ·׼ƴɣһᾡ߶̫ıԴػȡᡣ
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û־棬ҶΨһ·
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ĻᣬҶĿޱȵļᶨ
ޣͿĿЩ档
Ҷݺݵҡ˽߬ȭͷԼ
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ʮɱڶ𣬴Ÿɫ⻪Ҷ˲Ϣ䣬ҫգƺЩ⻪ȾѤޱȡ
ǣڴ֮ǰҶѾһ⣬峤Ϳķȥ
ͿҶ֮ǰ㶨ģΨһ·
Ҷ涯ɲǣλҶ˹

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2048 Ҷ·
ҶСлԪ׺µɲǣʮɢſֲϢ̺ɫƵҲһɲǼйҶı
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еͨȫһǾʥǵȫֻ֣Ǻ޼˵۴ʥֱӴ߶鱦ȫ
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ţóɰǧӰҶ峤ԣ΢΢һƺҲ뵽ʲô˲Ϣɫ䡣
ҲڴʱɰǽԸɵĽɫǵҶ棬ֱͿĳɰǧӡЩӡĽɫϡ
ԸɵĽɫϢɿļš
㾡ȫ߶µһСлԪף͵ش׹ϵͿͷͣɢŻɫռ٤飡


2049 ׷ħ磿
ͿΪĴ峤ҲĸΣŴʦͿѣ˲ϢʶҶͼ
ҶոһʥܬAĺ鱦ɽӡشˡ
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СлԪ׵ɫ⻪һ˲䣬оǶɫ̫һ㣬̵ۡ
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ϰڵͿУѹڳƵսУصѹ˹
ͻȻǵرý
ԭһֱԹ۵شʥսһӣΧ˷˧еͳͳͷɿıǵҪ
ԵɱޱȵϢʼصصҫϿڡ
սƺһ
ʵΪʲôΣشĸ߲㣬ʮֵ
Ӧڱİޱȵ˴ܾӵľΪ⣬ŵѹ̬ȡ
ǣ˭Ҳұ֤ܵľӣû뷨
Χ˵Ҷܾϵأ
Ǵܾƹصأ
ֿܣǵشʥκδ⣬ֻССġ
ӭܾӣ̬ȣҲǷ
ͿʥܬAˣǴʦͿҲû뵽
ǣҶȴǿϲ
ԶԶ˷ΧŵҶ治ں
ڸ仢ϰȴҶޱȼɵ
ڣҶ±ߵ·ҲޱȵΣա
ڣ뿪ˣҶͿԷʩΪˡ
һɲǣҶǳĸлĴܾӣ
٤ɲǣǿ𵴡ռĻɫͳ׵ʧˡ
Ҷ棬Ҫľ
һɲǣҶһɣƾԾĸо
ҲһɲǣҶļƻָıˡ
֮ǰǵϰٵԣҶɲ
شȥӦƵĴܾӣ£Ҷ˺ܴĲԡ
ȻȻǵһλġ
ҶǿҲ޷ͬʱֵסλʥʮλֹ
֮ǰҲɺԸ͵Ŀݳ޵Ľɫǵֵʥʯʥ۴ʥһ˵Ĺ
ҪȻȻͶ̶̼Ĺ򣬵Ҷ棬ͱɱʮˡ
һսѪ춸شҶԺƮ
ѪһչһѪɫռоͶس֡
սѪ죬Ʒ׿쭵Ʒ鱦սѪ죬ħĿռͨٶȣѾޱȡ
ûҶļƻУ˻ħ磬ҶΨһ·
˻ħ֮ǰٵԷռĻɫ٤飬Ҫġ
սѪֱӽħпռͨԶһ˷ӦҶħĿռͨ
Ҷһʧʥ۴ʥʯʥͿͿǼˡ
òƵҶ棬鱦ɲҶװˡ
ǣżĿըҶɺԸɵĽɫǣѾҡҡ׹
ǴʥǣҲҶ滹ٸһɫ
ҶвԸԲܶൽǸ̶ȡ
ҪǣҶչֳıԽ࣬¶˺ԸҶļֵѾһ˵ĵز
òͫôõҶ棬ջҲǾ޴ġ
˵ջϰٵԸջ񼸵ΣҲǳջ
ԣ˼һ£ʥŭһ׷
һɲǣûѹƵľʥܬAͳһ׷δɢħͨ
ͬһɲǣ۴ʥʯʥͿкǣͬʱ⶯


2050 ʮ
ʥһɿ׷δɢѪɫͨʧ֮ͨС
Ǳܵģ峤ͿʣĺǣμѪɫͨδɢʱ׷ȥ
ƻôãŶµҶ棬ָ˴ĴۣɲܾҶȥ
ʯʥ۴ʥҲͬʱ
Ժ޼Ҷ۴ʥٶ졣
ҲڴʱʦͿٶ̵߳쳹
թĪ룡
̶ĸ֣õȥ峤Ϳһ֮ͣһ㣬ͣѪɫ֮ͨǰ
ȫ߶µĸ٣ٴ߶ȫһͣͿ벽컯ʵҲһַתĸоܵѪ
ͬһɲǣ׷ȥҲͣͿ
ˣޱȣʦͿһ䡮թܹ뵽ܶܶࡣ
ʯʥ۴ʥҲĸΡ
ʦͿһ߳Ӧʱһ٣ʯʥΣҲ͵ؼͣѪɫͨǰߡ
ǣҶ޵˼£һͽٶȴ߶˼µ۴ʥȻڴʦͿļ߳£Ӧ˹ͣ¡
룬ǵҲ޷Υش
Ȼ۴ʥٶͼǴѪɫͨʧ
ʯʥɫرѿޱȣŻûɢѪɫͨǳľᡣ
׷ȥȴּɵ
ܵģʯʥĿ⿴˴ʦͿͿõһ
̾һʦƿڣҶ򿪵Ѫɫͨʱٶȣ쵽˼㡣
ǣҶȥ֮ȴٳûйرգ棬϶йŹ֣
˵ʵҶϷΪֹǡʵ־Ϊµߡ
ݹ֮ǰ̫Ϊߵÿһ˼ǣܹΪܡ
ôٳûйرͨͿ϶⣬һı㣡
۴ʥʯʥɻĴһ˿ңôͿʦģСͨ󣬻ʲôı㣿ʲôı㣿
ʲôãǵʵһǳȥĲҲǰ״ɣ
˵ţʯʥƲһδɢͨ
ʲôöǰ״
ʦͿƳһʯʥӵͨСĿؽ鱦أ
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ĸ֣˲Ϣʯʥɫ䣬ͷ亹乶¡
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ѵǾӡߵĻʯʥͰ͵˵һ
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Էӵпؽ鱦˵ǳȥǰˣЩȫȥҲֲ˺áͿ˵
ǣѵǾĿǣʯʥޱȵľᣬĵںں۴ʥΪĺѡ
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Ҷģ׷ȥ𣿡
˵Ϳһָʯʥߣȥǵشʥϰٵһȥпܡ
ܾңңŵʯʥţһĿɬ
ҲڴʱһֱûйرյѪɫͨ΢΢һѪɫһգѪɫͨ˲ʧ
ʯʥ飬رޱȵѿ峤Ϳһɺͷ亹֡
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ڣ׷ȴֻоʥܬA۴ʥλˡ
ˣҪҶеĻҪ
ҶħһɲǣĿͱˡ
ֻҪħ磬ƾͻ췭ظ
ҫڣҶ汻һʵʮٱԼĵɱǱӴܣֻ֮ܶúޱȵԸ
ǣħ֮ʱ
ħڣҶǰһĴڡ
ǽħɲǣҶ΢΢һҶͳڴǧ֮⡣
ոս׷ľʥһԼ۴ʥ˲ϢʧȥҶټ
ʥ۴ʥˣҲս֮ˣȻʧȥҶټûм׷٣ųϸĸӦħ
С硭ЩŹ֣ʥܬAüͷ
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۴ʥһͷһͻȻָ˼ǧķ򣬡Ǹҿ׷ٵҶϢǸӦòԶǧң
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ʥܬAһ˼⣬͵˵ͷǿ˵İǶҪ⣬ҪСΪϡ
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ȫı֣ĵһȫ׵ӲΪǿĴڵȫˡ
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Ҳһɵ׷׶ɲǣһɫȴһ˲÷ǳĹŹ֡
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·ǲǴ֮һ㣬Ǵһճޱȵ̶֮УÿҪŲһҪķѺ
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ʥ۴ʥȻԺһ㣬ٶȣҲǲҲ̶á
ٶ£һԻɻӣ
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ʥŭĿһһһȭӡȭӡɽ׳Ĵصơ
һȭ֮У̺ɽ֮˵Ǿʥȫֻ֮֮ǰ鱦ɽӡȫ
ұ
۴ʥһŭһⶸرǳ״Сľ޹·һɫһ㣬Ҷ浱ͷ¡
ǿɱһĺŭɱУҶֻЦûһ˿һܺʹ߶˼
ֻǾĿɱ
һɲǣʥ۴ʥɫһ䣬ǵɱкҶͷһɲǣҶΣٴƾʧ
ûһ˿һ
׵ģҶʧûһ˿һ̻Ϣ
·Ӧʧһ㡣
Σüʶʥ۴ʥͬʱؽ鱦
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ҶЦشӾʥ۴ʥĶ˶ת
βסľɫ֮£ʥ۴ʥٴҶȫ֡
ҲڴʱҽشӾʥ


2051 һţΪ
ϢģһĨɫ⻪ͷ·ƾճһ㣬һԺ
ûκεĨɫ⻪ĳ֣ûκβѹûκθо
ֵɲǣɫĹ⻪һ̽Ҷ͹СƵļӳһ컯ʮ÷Ԫ룬һ͸ޱȵףֱԺֱ
룬˾ֵŭŭȴһɲǸȻֹ
ʮ÷ԪԪɲǣСͨ˲Ϣ䣬Ԫ͵˫Ŀе˲Ϣʧ
Сİط֮С£ֱӺĵؿռ֮ϣĵؿռݿʼѩһڡ
ڵСûɡ
Ҫԭ򣬻Ҷдá
磬ëܵһ⣬ˣƤɸҰඣܵҲţǿǵҪҩģǼܣɵø£дã
ҶһУʬ壬ͱҶԶ
ȴ黶ϲصĽסʬ壬İֵܣƤҿһѺ֣
۹ʬ尡⣬ԭϣϼٹԪûκ⣬٣ʵ
ң
ĿһĻʥܬAͻȻ䷢һ춯صŭȰȰȵı뼡ըһƬ
˲ϢĹ򣬾ʥܬAͱһǧɴСľ޴ܡ
ͬ屻ɱҪƤȡֱþʥܬAķŭˡ
Գԭα壬ֱӿ񱩡
ԳԭΣͿֱ׷֮ǿܹ尴ڵϿĴڡ
ңʥĵڵĴڣһ֮Ŀɲɱɱ
˲Ϣ䣬ʥʵʹﵽ˵컯֮ٽ㣬ʵ޽ӽһ컯ˡ
Ҷ涯սѪħطʩչռ䷨Ӱ죬˲Ϣ
һʥܬAһͿԽǧľ룬ҶǰСɽһ˫ȭ·޴ɽһ㣬Ҷ浱ͷ¡
Сӣʥɣ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬Ǹֳһ˿ЦΰɣҾǡ񣡡
һɲǣǧɣֱҶҳɷľʥܬAֱƾʧµģֻпмľ磬ҶԺĳķﲻѡ
ħ⣬ʥܬA˫ȭݺݵһ𣬼ĴƬ磬ܱߵտʼƬƬı
ɾʥܬA۾ɵٴ󣬷Բǧ֮ڣҲûзҶһ˿һӰӡ
ǿԪɢ˷һƬյģûһ˿һӰ
ʥܬAһǧ̶̼ʥܱ̽﷽Բûκη֡
ޱȵľʥ˫ȭҺ䣬ħձҵĽ飬ţйԼķŭ͵ġ
ʥʱ˿̣ʮа˾űҶˡ
ûǷˡ
£ϻȥʱʣλ£ƤⶼѾˣ
ҶҸڣһľʥܬAε
ʥܬAµĲǱҶˡ
֮ľʥܬAȱҶпؽ鱦ҪɱҲǳѡ
ɱȴ޷ɱ
һҶʹ߶սѪ֮ľʥܬA͵֮ħߵĵط
֮⣬ʥǿҪϹҲһʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ҶȽȫɵȻ취ʰʥܬA
ҲھʥܬAŭĶ̶̼ʱ䣬ʣλѾһıСʮ÷Ԫ룬һһɸɾԪ֮еطԪ鵱
ºߵļλѾСĽʽþе
ǣħڣҶһĴڡ
Сӳ컯ʮ÷Ԫ룬ѹֵܹġ
ģ˵ǵ
ʵǵƤͷޱȵҶŲС˷컯ء
ĹǼܣҶںϵѪսӵǿ
ЩƤƷƷ鱦ǿ׵ϡ
ҶŷֽС֡
ҪȻҶֻ˻ţټսѪϣͿøɫǺɱ
Ҷ׾ٵĽɱӹȥƤʱһֱҪɱҶΪѪޱ𣬵ȴҶ½Ƕ۴ʥˡ
˹Ҷ棬һûԶȥ
Ҫҵͨħ硣
ԴˣҶֻƳһۣûߵ۴ʥ
˹ĽɱǵʬӸ鴦֮
һ߶˺ԵαҶ棬ƾճڻæ۴ʥǰӭһߡ
Ǻ׵һš
һ죬۴ʥžݣȫݽš
ǵڵǿΪһţҪ۴ʥ
һţΪҺ磬ҲԻģžʧ۴ʥҶЦ
ԣ
Ż۴ʥȻ䣬ҶʧȥϷŪΪԳһڶȤ
СлԪ׽ĻҲ֮࣬Сӳ컯ɫ⻪ٴϢ۴ʥԺ
˲Ϣ䣬۴ʥһʱɢ
ҶĿ⣬࿴֮⣬ʣ½֮ľʥܬAˣ


2052 ľʥ
ҫڣĸȹתһʯʥһĪļʹͻȻͷ
Īļʹʯʥɫһףƺ뵽ʲô
æĴڵĽӿռóһޱȵС
С񣬴˿Ѿ޹⣬ϱܲϸСơ
˫ϥһʯʥ͵ڵأʧۣ
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ʯۣɽҰ¶δʱΪ飬ǿΪޣ
һ·ȻлԵ֮ĸ֮Ѿ޷ݡ
еСǧǰԼͻƵ֮ǰ۴ʥֵƵװõСƷ
ȴ۴ʥԪӡʧԪӡ飬Ȼѡ
ǧǰأһƷڣ۴ʥȴѾ٣
ڵȴ峤ͿʦͿһɵʯʥģ׷ʲô顣
֮࣬׷겻ѡ
ʥ
۴ʥô˵ҲĴʥҶӶݵǸСڡ
֮ʦͿƶϣȷġ
һˣһںɵһ۴ʥˣ׷ȥǡ
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˵Ϳһĳء
۴ʥ֮Զ϶Ҷпؽ鱦һ˿ؽ鱦Ǳ̫ˣֻ˵һнпܡ
ħڣҶУԶԶĿŷŭľʥܬA⡣
ԭҲҶŭĲͣĺħձݵľʥܬAҶֵɲǣʶʲô
ŭһʩչɱУһĹҶ档
ÿһ֮ռ価ݣޱȡ
ÿһƺܹҶ档
ǣÿһΣôһܹҶ档
ÿһβһ㣬þʥǿɱУǹһ
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ֻҪҶһͷҶͿƳʥĹΧ֮⣬ھʥûпռͨ鱦ʱ
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Ը⣬Ҷ˷һҲۡ
ǣܲ˷ʱҲ˷ѣ⣬ڹؼʱ̣ܹģƣ
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ԣҶ˿̲ӣͣžʥʵĿ״̬ȥҶɱֵʱ̡
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ͬʱžʥܬAͻȻӿľ֮ɫҶʱˣʥܬAһѾ׵ĸ˵ǰΡ
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еƣžʥƶƶ
һеһУþʥܬAӵľ֣ŭУȻһ˿


2053 
ʥܬAŭеľûκϣľ
̶̴ʱþʥ׵ˣСڣɱҶġ
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ѷ죬籾Դԭ򣬻̵ʱں£
ѷ£һɲǣʥ˫͵̽ȻӲĳס˼£ѷ졣
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׷Χ֮ڣʥܬAλڵشġ
ʥܬAԭޱȾ޴ڵش֮£ʥ壬˲Ϣͳǧ
ԭʹսѪµĿռ䷨֮£ٶȼʮľʥٶȣٴ
ԭһԾͿԾĻգͻȻüѡ
ͷ·һ㡣

һţʥٴνſռ̽˰λ
ңŻյĿֲʥܬAɴ˵ֿյĿֲ׵֮Уӳ졣
Ҳڴʱɫ⻪ҶָɳȻһĲ˾ʥܬAĽϡ
һͷɫ⻪ȴһ̽صףСĴ߶£˲Ϣͽϵصףһһ㣬ס˾ʥ
ǣʥ˿̵Ŀ񻯻δʣӵ޽ӽ컯˵
ŭһס͸ըѣٴŻ̽һλ
ҲھʹʱҶϵСлԪףѾžʥͷ£ɽĽ⣬һһ˲ǧٽĻĽ
ΪģȴҶոշųһ

جļǿ档
ϹħԜĴ֮ʮµĲУողѧһͨط
֮ǰʩչجԽߵӰ죬ͷǳˣǣϹħԜĵ˵ǽǿߣǵǿߣҲӰ졣
Ԫ㹻ǿ󣬾컯˵Ԫ飬Ҳܵ𵴡
ҶոѧᣬԪҲǿ󣬶ԾʥܬAӰ죬Ҳޡ
þʥܬAԪôһɲǡ
̶ֳȵ𵴣þʥʧˣֻþʥԼƳ̶ȣ
ǣѾ㹻ˡ
ôһɲǣһһļϵСлԪףȻ޷شʥܬAǣÿһСлԪףܽʥӸ߿к伸ʮס
þʥſĿռѷ졢ǿĻգԽԽԶ
ͬһɲǣһʱ䣬СִĲ˾ʥϣ̹ҫ䣬ٴνʥ˵档
ҶҲûϵʥȻǣҪӡ
ȻҪӣҶͲϧһдۣҪˣ˷ѵеԸ
Ϊ˻Ǳľʥǽһǳ¿ֲĵ˳ɱⶼֵõġ
ҲǸӦҶǼޱȵɱ⣬ʥٴηһЪ˹ļУɽӰع⻪ţһסٴη׷ѡ
ʥΣһеĿռѷ졣
ҲһɲǣʥܬAͻȻһ£޴;Ǳ˵һ㣬ɿıȥ
ͬʱʥϢҲʼɿ糱ˮȥһ㣬˲Ϣ޽ӽ컯˵䵽˵ڡ
Ϣȿ֮ǰҪϼ֡
״Ҷϲ
ʥܬAȴһİ
һΣľˡ
սѪƿռ䷨γɵĿռ̶һЧʥǿſ֮Կһٶȡ
֮󣬾ʥ޷Կռ̶Чǿ
һһ֮䣬ֹһ㡣
ɲǣʥͱҶһСлԪ׸кףֱӽ˺Ŀռѷ촦¡
СҲٴηһ̽˲ϢͲ˾ʥ˫ȡ
ͬһɲǣû˾ʥܬA˫۵֧ţб˺ѵľ޴Ŀռѷ죬ʼɿĺ£ˡ
ʥһΣôӣҶĴЦ
׹䡢вľʥܬAĿһ۴ЦҶ棬ŷٺ£Ŀռѷ졣
ͻأģͷѪըѡ
ʥܬAԪ飬شըѵ鴦һԾԾɲǣһֻСޱȵĽʹӾʥܬAԪзɳԪ˲зٺ£Ŀռѷ졣
ҶĿһԺʶķɳһֻ֡ɽ׹ϵ׹⣬ͬʱץǽ
ǽٶޱȣɢϢȻҲһƷ鱦
һͶ˼£Ŀռѷ죬ʧãã֮С
׷ȥ׹⣬˲䱻£Ŀռݸѹޣɽ͵һתܹ˺£Ŀռݡ
УϵҶ֣ں£Ŀռķ顣
ŵϻɢŰľʥܬAҶЦ
û뵽գС˾ʥܬA
û뵽ʥܬAڹؼʱ̣ȻɱܹޱҪԪӶݡ
ңרűһõĺ鱦
̺͹ҪҶеĺöࡣ
õһλʥҶԣڵõһ⣡


2054 ǵʤƵ
ħ֮УҶֺǺǵĿžʥµͲûˮˡ
ߵľʥԪ飬ҶѾһҲˡ
ʥĴڣһʧһ߲ʵ֮ΪսҪ
壬ѪС
һʧѪеĳЩ⴫Уͻ᳹׵ʧ
ִѪĿӡһʧͻ᳹׵ʧȥ񻯵Ŀܡ
¸ѪҲпӡȴûԪе걾Դ֮ϵҲ޷ˡ
֮ӳľʥܬAѾԶʧȥ˿񻯵
ûп񻯵ľʥܬAҶа취Ըģ˵ʵ֮޷񻯵ľʥܬA
Ҷսʵȴһǧ
ԣߵľʥܬAҶһҲġ
ҶϲģǱһľʥܬAˡ
Ϲ붯ַֽʥܬAʬ壬Ҷܾˡ
ΪʥһʦУÿһѵϡ
˵޷Ƴɺ鱦ǣʥǿÿһƳƷ鱦ļƷ
ҲûоеʥԪ飬ǿԣʱգҶ˵Զһ鱦
ҶȽеģǷѪ
ʥܬAľѪÿһζ̺źǧ
ǣʥܬAÿһξѪƵҩľԭϡ
Сèͷ桢һ˿ҶͰͰռȥľʥܬAľѪǸ
ԣʥܬAľѪȻĴ֮
ⱦƤϣɲ̫ܿӣÿһͰٲǵģģɵõء
ѪСʱɴСųǧͰʥѪ
ҶͿʼϸĴʥܬAë
ЩӲ͵ëƤУƶƣܵķҳ֮⣬ô
Ǿʥڵзޱȵָףÿһ֮󣬶ԽƷ
Ȼ󣬾һž޴ĺ͡ɢŰޱȵϢƤˡ
Ǿϼֵıˡ
һֱҶûмõı
ڣž޴ĵʥƤҶͿƳ׷ޱǿƤ
ңֻҪҶϣ˵˫ĲƤķɿƷ鱦ı
£ɵľʥϰµƤٿƳǧͨƷ鱦ķס
Ҷ治ϧԭϣԿƳƷ鱦
һ㣬Ҷġ
ǾʥѪĤѪһɽ鴦Ĥ
ҩȫҩҩģͽ鴦
ԻԴУǧٹֵĲףܹЩޱȵʳĵĺô󻯡
ϸµĴǳʱ䣬һʱ䣬ҶŽʥʬǴɾ
һĵʥĹͷӡ
ԭʥܬAĹǼܣÿһͷǼõϡ
ƳԿһƷ
գҶ汣˾ʥܬAǼܵԡ
Ҷ֪ʥܬAĴʥĹǼܣڶߡھеһںϳѪãѪõսжǿ
Ҷڴ
ϹħԜеѪطĺôǣħǼں֮󣬿ħӵʵ
ǣսйǼ֮ʵ£ħ걾ֿԶݳڡ
ңʱط룬Ȼ滻ǿĹǼں
룬Ҷ滹ǽڶ˹
ΪԼˣڶһֱĹûйͣҲп͡
һоǰ߾һͷǱġ
һΣҶȿ˺ڶ
Ĵ߶£ֻһӵĹ򣬾ͽڶԭħĹǼܷ롣
ط߶£ûãڶʥܬAµĹǼܳںϡ
ѪӾʥǼɢɲǣһۻĪϢشӺڶɢ
룬үģһɢϢǵʤƵԪ鰢ں߹ͷӣ׵Ӳŭһĵ
Ժֱײ𣬡ͷܵĹͷӣɲһĵǿܹ˵˵ġ
Ҷ΢΢һ̣ô˵ֶһȵսպյΣͻɡ
һݣҶһ߾ĹǼܣЩǼܣÿһ߶ںϲһǿѪá
ɴ࣬Ҷ潫ߺͺھŶĹǼܣ滻֮ǰõĽħĹǼܡ
滻֮󣬸սȻ޷ڶһӲŭһĵǿߣǣĹǼܣҲһĵڵǿ߿һ
߾ĹǼܣҶֶλǿ߿Ѫá
Ҫǣ⿰ǿĹǼǸ׵սݺɱ¾
еɱ¾Խ࣬Щɱ֤ħ꣬ԽͻƵ
һͻƵҶ
һУѾ֮ˡ
Ҷ沢ûæƷƷ鱦ƤǿǸҪʱϸ»
Ҫģδ̫緵غĴ½
ܵľ֮ɭϣǿɲǸǵġ
ҶִĴ½㱱Ǳһ׼ҶһͳαħսҲҪʱ䡣
յڣǰǰѾ˷һµʱˡ
Ҷʱɲˣ²
ħڣҶ˼


2055 һ
Ȼ˵Ҷħ֮Уǰ֮ǰľ飬ħͨΪ編ԵʣȻλ̫硣
Ҷ뿪̫磬ִһƷ׺̫һ̫߱ߵ磬ͨŻ¶λ
֮Ҷȥ̫֮С
ôҶҪתĴ½·Ͳˡ
һ֮ǰӳľʥܬAԪһ˺ռݣֱӽգӻǰĴ½ǰĴ½Ų硣
Ȼ˵ҶĿǰʵվСè츳¾պ⣬ڻûġ
ǣ̫ˡ
֪ҶʱܹתĴ½
Ҳ£Ҳֻ꣬Ǽʮϰꡣ
Ҷʱ䣬ֻ¡
ܹ֤ЧԵķʽǴ̫ǰҫ磬ٴҫͨǰĴ½
ڽ֮Ҷţ峤ͿˣӲ׵ķΧҶ档
ڿҶֳʵ֮󣬶õֺ͸ֻ֣ࡣ
뿿Ӳ޿ˡ
ΣҶ涼ͨŲ
ͨһͨٱļҾˣȫҪΪҶһᡣ
ܵɭϾ֮£ʮˣ͸Ƶġ
ǣôȥأ
ħ˼һһҹ֮ҶٴϢ뿪ħ磬ǰ̫硣

Ϳɽ峤ۡڣʱִĴͿߣʱͬȹϵһ㣬鷿ڲͣȥ
ӣͲˡ⣬˳
û꣬Ϳ߾ͼ䲻ͷĻ˻֣ȥȥȥ
ǣûȳ洫Уų谮˾;ŽȥŶŲŮүæҲùǰɣʱ

۾ɺĴͿ͵̧ͷ߳һģֱһŵסС죬ŵŮǱģŵһΣװŲ͵ȥˤķ顣
һ£˾ָŮޱġ
ϣ
ƽŵĴͿߣдʱ˵⣬ĿУһ˿顣
ǣүҲǡ

ŴͿٴŭ߳Īһ˺ŮͬһƮɣ쳹
ӡսս
˴ԴͲóˣ
ɲǣ鷿Ĵһ͹Ϳ߾Īķ߶
ʵΪδĽӰˣͿ߷ռ꣬Ǵǰʼġ
ռĸԴԴһٶõСͨѶŲнӵһ
ݺܼ򵥣һ仰֮ڣͳҫǡ
ǳƽһ仰ҪȥҲޱȵļ򵥡
ڴͿУȴһִͷĸо
ΪˣҶ棡
ϵ峤ͿѾʼþ֮׷ˡ
ǰոսӵͿ̵ʱڣټһܹϵϵĵת
ͬʱĿǰפڵĺ͸ӹĵеһ̵֣ʱڸϵҫڴ
ǰͿһٶʮ弰ӹĵҫ硣
ͬʱڵֵļ٣ڲҲǿ˽䱸
ң⻹ȫͿҪδһʱڣҪҫǲ
ɴ˿ɼ׶׷Ҷ棬Ǻεȵ־ڱصá
ռȫӽ֮һĵΪ׷ҶһˣͿޱȵľ
ڣҶȴæ
ҪǣҶﲻʱѵĶʱ
ǴͿպεĵط
ڹ֪ͿôĴۣһʧһӰ켫
Ӱ쵽ڵ͵λ
˽ǲĻѣǸ
Ļ¶ĿԣҲǼ
ԣڣͿżĺ޲ὣɱˡ
ͻȻ䣬鷿ڵСͨѶŲһ˹⻪
⻪һ𣬴Ϳ߾ĪĴһ¡
ȻСͨѶŲصذΪ˵ҶϢϢʱǷǳĽš
Ϳ߿ҶϢ˿̾ħһ
ǵôˣмƻݺܼ򵥡
Ϳߵ˫ȭ߬ΪһСصĽӰˣ˵Ǽưٳ飬Ҫȥ治ʲô¡
Ҫǣòð죬Ӧô죿
ҪҪȥҶ棬ϵԴϵһ
Ϳߵ뷨ʵܶࡣ
ôԥֻߣ뷨Īͻأ
ȷʵ
ʶӦ֣ͿͻȻ¶˼һ飬͵תԴĵط
㡭㡭ҶʲôʱģŵȻԶҶ棬Ϳ߲ûʧ
ӣû°ɣʲôԸ˳

˭ң
һأͿ߶־ʹʮ鷿һУ
Ҷ뷨£ġѣͿߵ飬˿̾Ǳһ㣬ޱȵѿ
Ѳѣ˵ֻҪžͺáҶһֲɵĿ˵
ȣ֪ܻкܶ಻ʵʵ뷨Ȱ㣬
ֻҪһͷһͷͻʱޡ
һ㣬ɣ
ͬʱҶֻĶһͿߣʱڵأӹϺһͣĳ鴤˲Ϣ亹ʪ档
Ȼ󣬲ҪΪ㸸׵ϰٵôһλʥʮλҲûô
󣬾ʥ۴ʥԼʮλ֣
һһʹ鴤ŵͿͻȻ;ˣ顭ʥҲ
ҪҪαҶһ׵˶һ
Ϳ߼״ȴǵ˻һ
ΪĴӣʶġ
ԣЩʵʵ뷨𣿡Ҷ涨ĶͿ˵
ɻҲ鴤ŵͿߣޱȼѵĵ˵ͷ
ͷɲǣҶһͿϺһ㹭Σʱһɣ˾̱ڵأڴڵĴϢ
ΪĳЩԭżתҪȻдʱ㸸׺ģֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ͱ˵һλһǧҲһһĸɵǣ
ңҾģӻõģôͻȥ
ԣͿ߿Ц
ӣ
ǺųƿµĴͿߣڱȻֻһӣǷ̡
ðɣٵøһЩʱ׼ôһ͹ȥĲסͿε
ˣ
Ҷ˰֣Цô鷳
ֻҪһͳҫڵǾͿˡ
һͿ͵ס


2056 
ҫڣ峤ͿһĶǰѪ֩룬ٴδüıƳʮαѪιѪ֩롣
ԭήҵѪ֩룬ѪٴδʢѪ⽥˺ͫӡ
߶Ԫ飬ϸӦѪ֩ѪһģһͿ飬ͻȻͱ
һΪǸСڶһʱٳأû뵽ôٴγˡ
ǴܵľǵϷлҪǿĶࡣ
ȥˣǿ飬ɻأǵԱҪڿڤ޸ǰһ顣
Ϳܿʹȥ
ڤޣһּϡٵޡ
ޣǼ亱Ŀռڤ֮вһޡ
ר̳ԴпռԵĽʯܹ󣬳ɳҲ仺
ǳ꣬˳ԵԽԽ࣬ȫĹͷƴĿռ֮⣬Ҳûɶ츳ͨ
£֮еķġ
ǣȴһԿռĶС
Ǵָǽӿռ䣬ֻطƵ۵ռ䣬ԳһС硣
ֻҪڲԳɿռ䣬ǰ׷ΧڣܹӦ
֮ǰͿǼԿҶԳһСĿռ汦٤鱻Ҷ٣Ϳ۵Ҫ
һҶ֮ǰɻصֶΣͿͺޱȡ
ֶΣǷʤ
ԣͿ̵ʱ䣬һֻĿڤޣҶַѡ
ΪˣͿϧǷ±顣
ΪҶͫͿƴˡ
ԭҲܼ򵥣ΪڵҶļֵУ˺ֹٱ
ٴĴֻۣҪܹҶ棬һоֵƱˡ
˵ܵԸҶǼؽ鱦Ҳֵˡ
ȫƿһС簡
ǻõԴ棬ֱ
ҫصڵŲڴ׷һֻ˸ߵģ˴С͸ĹޣͿĿڤޡ
ÿһˣǴСС͸ͻ䶯һ£͸ͻ˸ܶ⻪ֱָЩŲˡ
Ȼһ˧ͻƻĳȥһָ߽ӿռԲϺţͻὫǸһﾾ̲顣
ͬʱغڿڤ޸ļҲ׷ϣ˲˿Ķ
ܵļշС
ֻһЯĴռѣ֮˽ˡ
һڵȥӵĿУ¶һ˿Ц
Щˣ˴ˣץģ˽Ļ˽ģһû
ңģֻλ
ŲϿգصʱ̴ֵĺٳʮˡ
˵ƣҲû˭ˡ
峤ֻš
ͻȻ䣬ŲĹ⻪ٴ˸һˡ
һڵǿٴɢ
ɢһͻȻףףʲôʱչسˣ
һͷĺЦǺǵĿǰһαչضʮˣǡýӵ峤˳ƹˣҲϾһζıչؿޣҲûжЧ
ͷĺ߳ϰȫǴͿӦͿҪټǲĺ
ϰ߳ɲǣڤ͸ĸͬʱ˸˴Ĺ⻪ֱЩϡ
ÿϵĿڤ޹⻪߰˵ʮ
ʱЩ˧ȫȥһһóԼϵĿռȻϸϸһһȶԣвԣͻǿм顣
˽ܵĿռ䣬Ҳǵȥ顣
ǣ˭
ȫĵ
ңģͿطټġ
һȫǺڵԪϣǵıݣ֮ǰһ֪Ҫ߶١
үүġ
˭Ҳ飿
ҪǣǶͬһġ
ǺĵǴ峤ͿټԮ
˭⣬Щ屾ڵĵҲԲ⡣
ȻȻģ˭Ҳ̲Щˡ
峤ͷĺʵҪ峤أ
Ƕһۡء
ãǰȥ
һɺƺƵĸ˳Ƕķ
ԶŲ֮ͷͷ׷ĺϣһѼĳϢĵڵء
ûκע⵽
ûʱմһҪǵ˵Ľŵס
ڣֻҪͨŲڴļ飬뿪ǣѹûκ˼顣
ֻǵģŻִϸļ飡


2057 ҺΣ
ڣҶһ˿һԪ͸⣬κ⡣
ֻǾĴڣһжԪ鰢ơ
Ϊ飬Ԫ鰢ĿƸӵĵӦ֣ҪǣԪ鰢ʱԽ͵С
մЬʱֻԪ鰢߶ı棬Ա仯һԺԲƵı仯ճ˵Ьס
Ȼ˾ʹ΢˳뿪ҫصǡ
ȫԪ鰢ӦҶ档
ΪԪ鰢˵飬޹غ⡣
ԣΣʱ̶ȻģҶ棬ô߶κԪͿԵ֪Ρ
Ȼǰɴܾصҫǵġ
صҫǵķ֮ϣй֮޲
ңûнǵݿϣ޷ͨҫǵŲġ
ԣ뿪صûãԪ鰢һƣ΢ʹѾзе˵ЬϢ׹䡣
ƮƮҡҡ֮УҶζش̽һٴλתҶؿڡ
Ҷ棬ңңһԶصǣЦһʹҡڵķ˴ܾصҫǡ
Ĵ峤ͿޱȣټһʦͿ˫ҲҪҶĽŵ׻ҡ
ϣѷģǵˣԼˣ
ͿҲ벻صĶͿߣһд۶˾֮һĵҪõĵˡ
֪ĻѪƶġ
ԭѾɹϷصͨصҶ棬뽫Ϣ֪ͿҲúõġˡһ¡
룬Ҷ滹Ƿ뷨
ĿǰԣĴͿߣӻǷǳõġ
ؼʱ̣ܹ֮Ч
ңضҲǺܸߵġ
һ¼֮Ժӵ˳֡
ԣ룬ǱˣͿ߱¶ĻʣȻ˵¶Ļʲ
Ҷһ֮Թİ׷ϣͿ⽻ôġ
ʵİ׷ԸҲ֪Ϲôһ峤Ϳƴ׷ѰĿꡣ
һǲĵǴͿټ
ǳĵ죬ͿָƼҶһ᲻ص׷˼¡
ĳεճ׷ϣֱҫǡ
̣˳򵥵ҶЩ⡣
һҶƴƴúԸҪ򱶡
û취ԼˣԶȵѷ
׷ԶҲ벻Խ峤׷ĵ˴ϷصĹؿڡ

ɴܴصҫǣҲǼء
ӿռߴָЩһǲġ
Ȼ˵󣬶ŲҪڣĿռѹƽ
Ųڣ޷򿪴ָ߽ӿռǽġ
ҫڣŲܱߵĺ򣬶Ŀռ
ԽƷǿС磬ͨٶԽܵԽ
ҪȻҶģԳһСڣʮ˲ռҪˣ
ǰͲ©
صһ㣬֮ǰ;ؼĳǵģһ㲻ô飬صĶǽǵġ
üݣǺͨġ
ԣҶˬԼʵݡȲѲ˾Ѳڶ·Ѳʹ
ǰݣҶ滹޷ҫǵؾһ·̵ơ
ڴܣ繷仰治ǸǵģȻ˵ųɾŵĲûзء
Ѳ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹŻǲģϾѲ˾⣬ֱͨأͲˡ
ǣݣȴʱ;ҫǵسָʹ
һ۷Ľ
ڴܵλ⣬ھ֮Уλӵ⡣
ܵľӳд˾УЩ˾Ŵܹôо١ʵȵ
һӺõ˾ܹһ֧ӵʵϣʿǸࡣ
ԣܵľӣ˭Բ񣬵Բļ˾
Ȼļ˾Ҳǲͬġ
ǣһҴⶼĸ߲ˣû֧ӵ٣ԸĵһλҴҪȻսôԿĶ֪ġ
ֺöء
ԣλسҶֻһλΪûͻƵҲ˿ĽҶӭ˳Ҫ
Ҷһ˾һߣҾ;һɵӡ
ȻλسӣҶҲȻ硣
ûãȻ߾ʹ˳ֺɧ
ܿ£ߵαҶس
ʱسĿҶһۣҶһʳҶĳйأ

سԥһ£˵ͷȷʵҶйأһĴ峤Ϳ߽Ҷ֡
ĿǰҴȻΪûпս峤ͿҲҴܵͨӷֻҪûҫң޷
ȥҪͿٸҽҳǽΪϳȥһ֣ɱ⣡
һ벽컯Ҳҫң
سһɱţҶһ
ҲǣسȻֻе۷Ϊǣҫڵɲ١
ҫҫʺҪأһ벽컯򣬲֡ϾǴҲз̳

ڸȥʱҶͻȻ
ˣȻͿΪҶĳҶĳͻһҶ˵
سЩԥҶͿǰ벽컯
ﲻҫΣ
ߣ벽컯ΣҺΣ
佫سĿɿڴĻҶʹ̤˳
벽컯Ĵ󻰣˵Ҷһߣ۷ĳ˵
룬سֻҡͷЦļ˾ǣԽǸ߲㣬Խţ졣
죬Ǽʶˡ
벽컯ҺΣ仰¾ųɾŵˣ˵
Ҷȴʸ˵ϾҶ浱ҿɳĺԸǿɲǸǵġ
ǿǿһ
ҫǵĴ룬ͷ峤Ϳһֲ̬̺ɫȥʮֵ򶨡
ǲѪ˿˫Уȴ̺ޱߵķŭ
һĿأ飬գҶСӸӳǡ
ʧͷŭѹ޷ݡ
ҪǣΪֹ֪Ҷͨصġ
Ϳ˿̵ķŭֱ޷ݡ
Ҷ棬֪Ϸ
Ҷ˵ģ͹Ϸ򣡡
ͻȻ䣬ͿĿһ
Ϳ峤
ҶΣҫǴֵһ棬΢һȭҶͷ͸һͷ
Ϳ˶̵ʱڣ֪Ѿͨأִҫˣ


2058 
Ϳ˶̵ʱ֪ҶѾͨسڴܾصҫǣҶ汾ЩɣǲǴ年ᣬͨ
תһ룬ҫڴܾصҫӵصǣ͸ޱȵء
Ȼ̲أ̿Ļý룬ôҫڿ϶̽ӡ
صǣҲ
ôͿ֪Ҷҫ£ҲͲôˡ
ǣҶǺͫеˣȻмֶΣԭһŭ峤ͿͻȻ磬һЦ⡣
һת䣬ûκ̻Ϣ·ӦҶЩȻ
ͨͿ峤ٵµ޵ƺ峤ô
ãأϵ飬Ϸ
Ҳǡ
Ҷ湰˹֣Ϳ峤ӣǻ
ͿЦҡҡͷ¶ˣҲͰˡ㵽Ϸͣˡ
ˣϷ֪ҫڣһΪͷľ¥ƲΪصƸضƣϴ󲿷ֲˮļپƣ֪ҶɸϷһͿЦ
Ҷ
Ҷ׽һ֣۾峤ҶĳѾ֪֮ˣ
Һ£ԺǼ˫ҶԱҶĸҲ鲻Ҳûˣ
˵꣬ͿҶһֵҷ񣿡
΢һ˼⣬ҶʹЦͿкβң
Ҷ߹ɲǣͿǰޱȵĵϢһᣬֱҶϮ֮С
ҶȴǲΪͿ
һĻͿЦҶ˴ĴָűҶ棬жܣ֮ǰֻǾҶΪӪթ˫
һȻܣ
ܱ峤һթ˫Ҷĳ֮Ҷ湰˹֣ߵͿߣ峤·ɣҲ졣
ã
ͿЦУҶɽϢĴԺɳһĨͻȻסͿ
ͬʱҶԺСīɫҲٴϢӶϸϸ˲Ϣ׺Ҷĳۡ
էһҶĻһ㣬ǽһӦɢĵ۷ĲȴܹΪ֮Ȼ
״ͿĿݵĶýɽҶǺ⣿
ûʲô
Ҷ赭дЦЦҶĳȻǣҲ
Ϳ峤ǰ벽컯ĴڣҶĳһССĽأһ㣬׼ַӾͻͿ峤ֵ»ɻҽ׼úȾƶġ
µ϶ҶϾҪඡ
˵꣬ͿٴЦ룡󲽵ĴҶǰǸνͷľ¥
ԭԸһɵСĽ䱸ҫسһĻĿɿڴ
鱨ͬˮôȻҪѾԻˣ
£ô
ǰһ̣Ϳ޲ýҶж˿飬˿̣ȴֻǿջЦԼơ
ҶڴǰͿҲܱܶԶͱܶԶ˿̣ȴǲǰУͬ
֮棬
Ҫǻһʱ֮ǰ˸ҸҶ˵ͿһȾƣҶһź
ڣˡ
ҫͷķˣȷʵص
ǾܣȻ䳢˴ܵķζȣ˿̳ĺóԡ
ҶͿԶ֮гԵ֭ˮ죬ʱ룬΢΢һһ
ҶڶǰɽȻƻգҪȻҶͿˣǻδһ㡣
Сʱ֮󣬱һƬǼ㷹֮ҶĴһãһˡ
峤ΪҺٲôˬľưɣҶʵ
ôˬ죿ͿĳüһſǿҶԺȵĺˬġ
Ȼ˭ͷһѽо̫áҶü
Ҷˬ죬ϷҲͲˡ
˵ͿɫΪ֮һ֣ԼϷ˵ʲôҶҲǲŵġϷȰҶһ䣬£ҶģҪӵĶࡣ
ΪҶǰ;ƣΪδƣҶûǽͫϷ򡣵ͫϰ£Ϸͻڹԡ
ڹԣҶЦ
Ϊ⽫ûûܾ࣬ҶǺúÿһµĺáͿУûκα顣
в
Ҷ͵ֱҶĳһܵģвҵŮˣԻᱣĺúõģҵŮҲḧ󣬲һ˿һί
˵꣬Ҷ͵ǰһ̽ĿĶͿһһɱ˵˭ǸŮһ˿һ˺ĺǣұɱ֮ϧֶȫ壬Ѫ
⼸仰Ҷ˵ɱ죬ͿȴΪ
ϷһĻΡȴһܹ
⣡
ôϷ򷽲ŵȰԣҲġҶĪȽ׷ĪͿ˵

ҶĿ΢΢һ˲Ϣ뵽ʲô
ߣʮа˾˶ԸҶļƻŻ˵
ңҶƣƻҪ帶޴ĴۣͿʱŻصҶ¡
Ƿ룬峤Ϳø޴Ĵ۲ɵĶԸҶļƻƻж
ңˣıⱳ󣬱ضдʦͿӰӡ
һˣҶвɵһݣԸԼӽһҪССġ
ΪҶ棬ǵһˡ
Ҷĳ£ӲڡͿ峤飬ɣҶ˲롣
ԣͿ̾ϢһʱͿԣϷ棬ϷȴΪȡһ£ϾҲҺӵܣû뵽
ȻˣϷ͸ˣ
˵꣬Ϳ漴̤ʱ̤һ٣Ҷûκζûκͣ٣ȥ
Ҷ£Ϳ˳뿪ҫǣصǵķ
һҶִ¼֮󣬾ͽǱ޵Ĵ͡˳
סǸ峤Ϳǵðɡ
͡˵ͷ
͡ڵͨΧߴصصҫǣ֮ľ벻һѡ
͡Ϳĺ
ܿģ͡Ͳ׽Ϳƿյһ·ٹȥûãͿͿͱ͡ˡ
ܣҶƻ˵¸ǽֱӶһ鱦Ǹڵľʱ̷ңһֱûһܵĻᣬҫϰٵϢֻܷ
Ϳ֮Ҷ涸سһ亹û뵽ͿȻ⡣
ǽóɹ˵ͨط˲Ϣ뿪ҫǡ
ҿҶһۡ
ôȰ˵ҲˣͿ˵
ûκЧ
ֻͬǱߵǳˡͿ
ͬɡͿޱȵļᶨ
ԻҶ۾صɴ󣬴Ǳߵ
ǣ
ᣡ
年һԸҶ棿


2059 ޵
Ҷ滹ô͡ʩչͨһ飬ͿͿһϺ꣬״ôԸġ
ֻǵܵһġ
ûȫֻƬҲǺõġ
ϧǣϺϺꡣ
˵仰֮֮£ûжĽ
ͨѶŲ󷢳֮󣬾ͽصתƵҶ޵֮£˳뿪صǵġ
ܣҶͨ£ôˣ
峤ƶϣҶͨأӦþһڵ飬֮ǰټһڵԱͨ飬ϸѯһ顣
ֻһܵ©ʦͿ˵
©ô©峤ͿĿ棡
ԣʦͿЦ
ټǰԮһΨһһûռƷֱӷеĶ顣
ʲô
Ϳɫؾ䣬ô˵֮УȻڼ飿Ϳɫޱȵɷ
ڼ飿
Ӧòڡ
Ϳҡҡͷʮа˾»ܣǸҶ̽ˣȻ˳ƴˡ
˵ڲСͿȻء
˵
ʦͿٴҡҡͷǱѾϢʱڣûʧٺ쳣ôҸҶˣǰѰһ׼ǣȻɷĻᡣ
ֶΣֻҪмӦÿ
ԣ峤ͿãŻ˵ͷȷʵⷽĿܡǣҲɲ졣
㴫ߣϸټǰİ౾ļ˺͹ϵߵĽˣ쳣
ǣ

ͿҶ漸һЦĳ嶯
Ҷ֮ô͡һΣԭЩͿ߻ᱻɣûܹﵽͿߵĵط
ϾͿӣǺܹõġ
û뵽ͿͿûͿϻɡ
һˣҶʱ뷨
ͿӣúãɶԲͿϺꡣ
гһգͿ֪صͿߣҶӣһֱڸҶͨ籨ţʲôо
᲻̣ᷢ

ûãͿɽڱޱȣĴ񡢵ȴĴͿߣܿյҶ
ģһε飬Ϳû룬Ϊҵ͡
ͿΪ֮һɵȴûͿ߷Ҷ֪ģ
Ϳ߶Ϣʵԣֻɡ
һ֪ˣӦù˶ã壬ҲͿͻ㰵еǵϰٵ˼ʹϵ
ģô֪ģ
ҶȻͿߴ𰸵ģǣͿȴͿߴ𰸡
Ϣ֮󣬺ܸ߲㹫ͨŵܹܣǰͿߣ̫ͿͿߵĹ
һۣͿ߾ٴס
ĵݺܶ࣬ҪֻһҶ˵ģһģһ
֣Ϳ߰ľѡ
崫ʦͿһһҶ澹Ȼһ
һοֲ
ͻȻ䣬Ϳ߾һ˿ңѡȷġ
ҪȻ᲻ѾԪɢˡ
ٰһ¡ܿģҶµҪ

ͿߺΪѣ֮ǰ飬ĵڻҪе㡭
ҪҪԸңҪҹŮûû裬ݲҲ
Ҳʲô£ҪһЩϢ
Ĭһ£Ϳ߸ҶϢҪʲô
һţҶ̣Цˡ
Ϳߴʵں屾ģһ漰ֲһˡ
ңҶҪ飬ӱϽû˺ĸ棬ȫҶԱ
ԣͿԥ֮£в֮£ѡ֡
һΣҶἰԱ֣ΪͿٴΰ
ͿΪ峤̳ˣһЩߵġ
ǣ⣬ֻҪͻһΣͻһδεͻơ
󣬾ͻûеߡ
Ҷĵ̣Ϳߣһûеߵӡ
֪Ϳֻ壬ܵЩֻܵĹϵҶʵ
ܶ࣡Ϳ߻شĺܿ졣
һ㡣
ܶ࣬ǴܵЩ壬Ƕнʣ֪֮Уģλǧλ
⣬һֵʹռ˾Ĵ󲿷ַ
𰸣Ҷ淭һİۣûС
ǣҲҶһ
ʲ֪һ֮£֪ĹϵȻ˹㷺ȻĹ壬С
ң漰ϵʱҪϵӵС
֮Уλ
˭ԸԸҶѾ޷жˡ
ǣϢȴҶ潫ᵽߡ
Ϳ޴ԸҶģпãҲ
Ҳûʸ
úһ£ͿҴܵλϵУϢ̵ʱ֪ҡ
ǳֻ㶮ġ
һ䲻̲вҶͿ߽ͨѶŲ
˼һᣬҶܿ˾
ȻͿڲĸ߲㹴ҪԸôҶõİ취̵ʱڻתһֲ
ȻӦ䣬Ҷ棬ɲӣ


2060 ŲƷ
ҶݣҪͨҫǵŲ󣬻תλںĴ½ħսҫǣҪ̫ʱ䡣
سֱӰŲӡ
С˴Լһʱ֮Ҷһǧλã̤Ų
ûãŲ⻪˸Уһǧ˾̤ǰĴ½ͨ
һǧ֮Уһ̶ӣһ룬ȴǳ̶ӡ
Щ̶ӣѹûһ˿һĽŻңҲʱ֮
֮ʿռͨʧǰһ⻪ȴѾִ˺Ĵ½
̤Ĵ½Ҷ棬ĵ׶һĪĸо
ָо֣ͷ·ص˼磬ͷ·޸ĸƼ˸һһĪİ
˵ȣȫźöӣóͨƣһһܲ飡ĴѲ
ȻѲΪֻأһͨ˵֮Уʮλȴûһ˸ը̡
֮ƢıҰţţ˿Ҳģ˿Ρ
ˣԹԵѲĺȳź˶顣
ǹҵ
ΪѲվŵģǴܡ
Ҷ汾ǰߣҲûʲôȨֻóԼƣһͨ߿̤ŲҶ׼ͨء
ǣ仯ҲҶո뿪Ų׷Χڵɲǣˡ
ޱȵĿռҶܱ߳֡
ǳֵһɲǣͽҶ漰Ҷܱߵһͨߣ˽ȥ
ҶüӦֻǱܵĴ߶αСҲƴ׼ӦɲǣҶ͸оһĪĿռס
ǰٴγʵĿռͨҶһˣٴαŲˡ
˲Ϣ쳹
ô£
׷ʲô£
˭֪ôˣ
Ҷ֮⣬ĪĿռģͨߣȫҶһ̤Ųˡ
ģҲģ
ʱҲޱȵĻҡ
˭Ҳ֪ͻأİռôģ͵ȥ
û֪
ûҶ
ֻܹԹԵĿռסڿռͨмٴС
ΪʵĿռ֮ͨ⣬ǻա
һռͨ飬Ǿͻա
һգ֮£ûκ·
ǵҲã
գǵһСҲᵱ䡣
ɲǣҶѾñһƬ
ûоУûжŭ
Ҷˮһ˲ϢʹǰٶеͨɨҶ͵óһϵжϡ
ٶʮͨߣʮа˾ţȫҶĳ֮ꡣ
Щ˵УûĴڡ
֮ѹֵĳЩֶζԸ
ܹ˲ϢֱӰȥҿٳһռͨĿĵֶΣֻһΪŲƷļϡķܴЧ
󷨲ãҪʱ䣬ҲǳҲԡ
оͨռͨĴҲ֮ǰҲо˵
ֻлŲƷԤȺ׵ģһɲǼֱŲƳȥ
ŲƷȴ컯˵ר
ֻ컯ˣƻŲƷǾͨռ䷨컯ˣֻʦ½ĴڣƻŲƷ
ԣŲƷޱȵ
ϣѹ
һڻСȦڲÿһţޱȡ
ⶫǮܹ򵽵ġ
ٶˣѹֵۡ
ݹ۱Щ֮УֵöûŲƷˣȥҲҶԼ
֮ŻŲƷԸҶģˣȫǱҶǣġ
һ˲ĹҶ뵽峤Ϳֺ߲ԸԼļƻ
ƻɻ湻İ
ħսҫǰǷصء
ö֮ĶֻŲƷɲһܹġ
ҫǵʹԭ򼧹ܣ϶֪֮һ
ӣϴι˼Ļݣһû뵽ȻҺҡƲ˲Ҷ棬ı䣬ɱէ֣
£Ȼпԭܲ룬ô峤Ϳ߲㣬Щˡ
ֱܹӸԭˣֻħսĴ󶼶ԭ
ԭҶ汾гͿԸԼг㡣
Ҷ漴ǰħսЧΪħս󶼶ԭʰҶӵס
ϾħսеĿǾ
ɽ
ȻĿܣҲŶˣϾܹӰ쵽ԭܵĴܹ壬ܶࡣ
ҶȷǣŲƷġ
ȷһ㣬Ҷ淴İˡ
ˮһɢ֮еɱ¾պ֮У֮Уڿռ䲨ĸӦΪҪ
ͬʱαСɽȵȣҶ״̬
Ҷ治֪ԷõŻŲƷҪ͵ǣ͵Ҷ涼ѾӦκ׼
ң죡
ֻ״̬µʱ䣬ʱķɿ졣
ҶĸӦУԼ˰Ϣʱ䣬ʵĿռͨ⻪ͻȻȥ
һ֮󣬿ռͨɢӭŲƷѾҶһˣ͵Ŀĵء
⻪ʧɲǣһ˿ǰεɲǣ͸ʧ

ô
Ҷ棬ҲǵһҲû뵽ŲƷȻὫ͵


2061 Ԫ
Ĵ½磬ǻ컯֮ʱ޿̶仯
ԣĴ½ʵûоͷûб߽ġ
ΪĴ½һ˯Ĺޣȴʱ̵š
ԣĴ½ûб߽硣
һУȴʮ֮ǰֹˡ
ʮ֮ǰԪ֮սΪĸĴ½һ߽硣
컯شֽܷս֮γɵķ档
һλλ컯ˣЩط͸컯Ķ컯ˣÿһ̺޷ط֮
Щط֮뵱ֵħеħǾµɱ¾㷨֮һ𣬲ͣĳͻš
Ϊ˺Ĵ½Դ֮޷޸ĵط
˵ĺĴ½㱻Ĵ½籾Դ֮޸ˣ˲ϢͻᱻĸֱԴ˺ɷ顣
ΪһĴ½Զ޷˰̡
ط˳֮ΪԪ档
Ҳ˳֮Ϊľ磬硣
ǺĴ½̸֮ɫľأ
ǵǿ߶̤ء
ҲΨǿ컯˲ŸС룬ǣ컯ˣһ㣬ҲǾһ
Ԫ棬ҲǺľ磬һޱǾĵͿռ䣬һɲǼ䣬ḴԭΪһ½ء
ǣһɲǼ䣬ոոԭ½أͳɱıԴ֮Ƭ
˸ոմӿռͨڳɲǣͿһĴرĪƬһĻ
ϳطʲôط
λһĻɲǣҲ˲κľĺ
˭˭Ϸ򣡡
찡ĸ
ŭİУ˳˱ΪԪ֮ڡ
Ҳһɲǣոոԭһ½صԪ棬˲Ϣ顣
ոջھĺеϰһڹ⴩ϢֱӻޣûϢ
ͬһɲǣոջڲҺ˲Ϣʧ˴롣
ͽ¾պҶ棬ԪٴαɲǣͻȻʮס
֮ǰҶվĵط˲ϢͱʮһٳޣҶ㴦һ鷽Բʮ׵½
ǣҲȡ
һѪ⣬ϢĴҶĿռ䣬Ҷı
Ѫ⼫죬ҶӦɲǣѪѾ塣
ѪдĪıϢѪոռɲǣҶѾýӲޱȡ
ҶͷĸǶ飬ʺϵԷһ֣סҶȫ
ԭǶȻԷĻ壬ȴܵסԶһеѪ⡣
һ˲䣬ӲҶ棬ѾԸص߶һŵνɫԸ˲Ϣ˻סĻ֡
ɫĹ⻪ǱĪѪ⣬ҶĻͬʱɢ
Ҷͫһµĺëը
ŵνɫԸļ룬ȻǿѪͬھ
Ѫжǿ
Ҷ׼Ԫ棬ٴκ£һ飬ȻɿıƬ
ĪΣʱ͸е¾պ⣬ҶԪ֮С
ҶǱһƶһ£űܿޱĹ⻪
֮󣬲ԻõĴϢ֮Ҷ棬飬Ѿޱȵѿ
űǵŲƷ͹Ҷ֮ĵùʱѾûһˡ
ǣˣʱһʬ壬Ҳˡ
ĪĺҶͷ
˭ó˴ֱʣҪء
ң÷Ӧ֮죿

ػ֮С
ӻбɵУŹǣʱʱıУһըһˬڵ񽬡
صĶ棬һλżƳ嶼֮Уֻ¶һԴ
Ȼ˵¶Ĳôţʿһɵ֮Уʡ
ڻܹ㣬ȴ£źһԣϢޣ۽ǵĿܹɨ⻸ܹ㣬ǲһ
ô˵ˣĿ۾ʶһ䡣
ԣܹӹĸӵĵˣүͿ㣬飬ˡ
ˣȻԪ򣬶޻
ȷ
ûСӣ˵ӲĺܣǱ߶Թ񣬾Ϳ֮صȫԸҲˣ
ԪκδпռϢ޷򿪡ԣ˾컯ˣҲ޷ѣֻӲ
̵֪ʱڴԪѵһλ컯ˣǾпռ䷨һλ컯ˡ
λ컯ˣ߸ʱ䣬ӳ֮ԪˡһֱĿͿˡ
Ϳ˼ǣһʱûзӦ
κεˣСֶΣԪ֮пԲҴӳ졣
ôӳ֮һ꣬ʱ䡣
ӳŴܵľΪǳȥˡͿ˵
ԣ촽ͻȻ͸һ˿Цݣ˲ߣȫ֮ˡ
ϣСܹԪӳˣ
ΪʲôͿЩˣܹҲ¶˺֮ɫ
ܾԽ̣ʱЩǽͷݿ뱾Ե³һ
ʿͿЦµϣʮа˾ţҪˡ
񣬴˷ܹ˱ĿͷΪС㱾ë鱨ѪޣҲǿ¡
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룡
һԵĻܹ۾һȣܹëΪҶԭֱӱܹ㳯´֮С
ܹūżǹУֻǳһڶǾҲֵˡ
ϣǱߵβѾͿĽ׵ˡ㿴ԭͱǱߣʲôʱȥеĿƣʾ
βɾˣǾá
һ˼˾ıȻһ⣬ȴܼ
ó֣ķԽԽˣҶϵһ㣬öֹŭ
Ҳ£ǼֵǱߣͲˡ
ȷŲ˵ѶٶҲԭǱߣнӹܰɣһƽ̾͵ĺ·ܹﱾţ˵
ǣūȥ졣
뿪õĻٴξ˾Ʊ㣬һ
룡

ͬһɲǣԪҶ棬ֱ֮ǰѿ˼֡
ĳ»䣬СΪɵĽӿռ䣬ȫ򲻿
Ҫǣ̶̰ӵʱ䣬ҶڵԸģѾһٵΡ
Ҷ֮еԸеԸֻʣİٵβ
һɲǣҶϣսѪ죡


2062 ֲ
ͣļٸԭּٱԪڣսѪ춸شҶͷɳѪһһѪɫͨ˲Ϣ֡
սѪƷΪƷ鱦֮󣬿ͨٶȣѾ쵽˼㡣
ȻҶ޷;뿪Ԫ棬ôֱӻתħǾˡ
ңҶ֮ǰѾת˺Ĵ½ħͨѾܵƷʼߵĺĴ½Ӱ졣
ֻ֮ҪҶתħ磬ٴħ뿪ҶͻںĴ½䡣
ֻҪҶǱ˼㣬ϲԪ
Ҳ˵ֻҪҶתħ磬ҶܹӳԪ
Ҷܹ뵽ķ
Ϊ֮ǰҶԪ鰢һ£תڣ黯Ϊһ΢ǲǾܹȫĴԪ򣬵ȴᡣ
Ԫ鰢ȴҶ棬ܣ
ǿԻΪ΢Ԫڵĸָϫطı㲻޲ĹɿԹ顣
Ȼǿ󣬵ԪĹʮΰٴǧΣ鶼Գܵס
Ǹ࣬Ͳһˡ
ΪҪǣ˲һ
½߶飬˵ǻ΢Գ࣬һ꣬Ҳ˿𻵡
Ҷ
ԣ鷽Ҷ潫ӳķͼսѪϡ
ֵͨɲǣҶһһɲǼܽͨӳ졣
Ҷ߶ԪٶȣѾǹˡ
Ϊʮ֮һɲǵʱ䡣
Ԫ˲֮ϫͲط罦ȴǸ졣
Ҷλδɲǣϫ͸ִܲµطѪɫ֮ͨϡ
սѪ۵ͨ˿̾һ鱻ʯеĶһϢĻޡ
ԸĽ⣬ϢĻҶǰ󣬰Ҷ浲һǼޱȵϫ
һǣҶĵٶʮԸ
ҶԸصԸѾŲ̫ˡ
˲Ϣ仯޵ͨҶĿ⣬رޱȵ
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һɲǣҶ˫Ŀ֮нɫ䣬ԸڽɫԸˮһҶ˫֮
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һΣֵͨɲǣɽİٵԸɵĽɫݣسͨ˷
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һɲǣҶƸˡ
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֮һʧܣҶ·;ˣ
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Ҷȫ֮£ʮ׵ľ룬ٷ֮һɲʱ䶼òˣͿͨˡ
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ǣԪڵϫķ־ĳ£ȴͬѩһɿš
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翴ǽһţҶĸӦУϫ컯˲ķ־˷Լѹ
䣬дֲ

Ҷ沢£
ҶµǣԼŮˣԼŮֵѣһԶϢ
Ĵֲ
ѪɫеɲǣӦħϤ
Ҷͷͷ·һʯһ㣬͵һɡ
ͬһɲǣҶɫͱޱȵѿ
ͨΪսѪԭҶ׵ĸӦһ״̬
ҲҶ洩ѪɫУħɲǣѪɫܱͨýİԸɵĽɫϣ׵ı⡣
ѪɫͨҲٴϢıޡ
֮İԸԪʮ֮һɲǵʱ䶼ûгŹȥ
Ȼ⵱ѪɫͨĿӴԵʣǣԪĿֲһɲѾչ¶ɡ
ûôԸĻۣҶһΣɡ
һΣҲôʱҶһΡ
ҶԼҶİŮˣޱ۰Ůصֵѣһ㣬ȫϢԪ
ֻһ㣬Ҳǰٷ֮һɲǵľ
ԣһΣҶŭˣ
ŭ˼㡣
ڴ֮ǰҶҲƹҲپ
ǣҶһˣں
磬һĽڽƮܲ
յĽɱ뱻ɱ
ɱҶߣҪñҶɱ׼Ҷ棬ҲҪñɱ׼
ҪɱҶ棬ҶɱȥҲˡ
һΣĲһ
һΣ˭ңһڽľ
Ϳ±ı㣬ôҶ棬һͿɽһѪϾ
һ
˭һڣ
ħУҶ˫ȭ߬ŭ
˲Ϣ䣬ħУƹѪ꣡


2063 ԭ
Ĵ½ԭѲ˾ڶ·Ѳʹԭֲ֮С
θʹƺԭһӦ㣬ͷһѹ֮Уһƣ
Ĺ֮Уͣĸɫ
뱱ӵħսЭѾȥʱˡ
Ȼ˵ˡȲҶ滹ûл
ΪҶ㣬ǹ죬ֻǷİǿżξƜWǵҶ棬ǳġ
ȻҶ˵һתһת
ԣǰħսЭˣȻҶͷڣҶɵĽš
ǰħսЭϿҪľӡ
ǣ֧һսģѵʵ⣬Ҫľеʡ
һֳַʿǾԸ㲻һǧֳ鱬ħʿ
ͬ÷ôܾƷʽʸ˾ӳֹʸ֮Чر
ԣͻѵѡ֮⣬Ҫ飬ʵ׼ָľˡ
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ԭǴеעصܿضѹС
ҶķرҲһ
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֪ͨҵ̶ӣѹյ׵һǧ鱬ħҼҴ˿ˣҵܹܱϼ۸
ǲԸ⣬ҵ̶ӣǿ۲ˣǣԺκһ֧ԭۿںͺԭϹŲĳҵ̶ӣѲ˾ϸϸ̬ȣڵϸϸѼ£

һһ㴦ϵҲʾѲ˾ڶ·Ѳʹİ
ԭҶϽĵڶ·Ѳʹ˵㣬⺣ԭۿڣϹŲȴҶĵڶ·Ѳʹ˵㡣
ңĳЩͨļһѲϴǧŵݷãڶ·ѲʹߣҲ񶼲
ϴǧѲûֳѲҶ棬ѲϴǧűκҶ涼ƾѲľܾ
˵һССˡ
У
ˣˣ
ǩʱһѪѲԣײײĴⴳ˽
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ѲӳְںԭǿǿԺߵ
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˭
˵ıߵ˸ɵģ
㻰صʱһ׵ѲײײĴ˽
ˣˣͷѲֵֵܣȫ˸˳
ԣվ


2064 ʮ
˵ںԭŲǱߵѲֵܱᣬ⻹
ϾܵؽڹţëָĲ֪ߵغ竹Ӷǣ᲻֪ôĳ֡
飬һسһسӣһصģѲ˾еǷǸ
飬һ²һǶ
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ͬʱǱ壬ͺܲѰˡ
΢΢˼һ£͹´
ϷѶʦ˵ԭб䣬Ԯ
İ񽫣
У͸ĹŸʹ

̶ʮӦԡ
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ϹŲǰŵˣһǱľ˧֣ʱǧפһȴѪɫľʿ
ЩʿϢ뺷ѣųɾŵʿϢڣء
ÿʮʿУһʿͷģһɱĽصߣĶŵ˧֣ʱ
ʦ֣ʱΪضѣһص֮£죬˵ָüëʼˡ
ⲻ£εѹѹˡ
ʶģͽϹŲŲ˭УȻߣ
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ǣεѹ£֣ʱȴԽԽ䡣
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ոյõ˽ѣһӻľ˧֣ʱŭң׼
Ĺ򣬽ǧܷ󣬻һټ鱬ħɢĺϢһѪɫ羫ʿ
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һڽǿߣһСС߳ĸһǱͱˡ
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鱬ħ̫󣬵󣬿ɾͲһˡ
ѿס˾ƣһ֣ͽй˷ŰѲԣȥ˭ģҳȻˣ
һ
Ѳһָľʿ˵
ȥҰˣüͷû壬´
ʱѲԳȥҪľʿ
ʿͷʱҲЩ֪룬ľʿȴԸ־ܣһ
ҲڴʱͻȻ޶ɱĿռϢһš
ǿռϢöɫΪ֮һ䣬Ѳ񽫣
ǣ⡣
ԭҪĵطҪûõóֵľôס
⼸ҶͷİѲ񽫣ȫˡ
ǴſռϢɱ⣬ʿһҲҶһѲ԰Ǹˡ
ôģڸʮȥ߳ˡ
֮ǰѲԣʱԲ˰ӣ߶ĳȥ
⣬ʿͷɫڵĲٺˣĳ鴤
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״㰵һסµļһ
ҲڴʱһŭĺԶ

һ
ʱԶ֮еʱѾͷˣĪɢ
еѲԣ½һ㣬е


2065 ķ
ʮеѲԣ½һ㣬ĪбƵõ
һԵΣС
һ
һߣָһͷ·۾һޱȷɿĽյѲ
ϣʿͷһϣ飬ȴޱȵɡ
ֻǻľߣɱɱУǣֶΣԸѲԵû취ˡ
Ϣģĳ˷գͻȻǲһ㷭
ÿһ˷䣬磬һɲǼ䣬ƺն
ϵƤ΢΢һ̧˫ƻʵ⻮һԲԲεɫ˲
Ǵ˷Ĳˣݺݵײɫϱߣȴһ˿˻ȫɢ
ߣѲ񽫣
׵Ѳ񽫣ҲҳϷ֣ԸϷ򣬵Ǳɸ߽׵Ѳ˵
ЦУָһƴɫĽʹӳָɳڿκӰ¡
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״ɫش䡣
Ҷߺ󣬱͵ڶ·Ѳʹܹõó֡ֻˡ
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ǿеĳڴˣһٸӣҲҶ֡
ͽѲѲ񽫶ˣЩΪڿʿҶ
ǣ壬ʱ㲻ԳԴ
һֱһķӡ
ǧķһټʮĻ鱬ħ󣬻ͬʱ˺˵Ĺâ
ʸ·һİʿȺУԶɺԭͳɣĺԭĽҲ˽ȥ
ɣڿһĻޱȵˣˣҪͱˣ
ң
³ĵϣ˲Ϣ뷢ţŭ
Ҳû뵽㾹ȻزȻֱӷ¹
ˮһɫ⻪˲Ϣ䵴˷ĳͼЩʸ
ǣ˰벽
ʸѾȥ
֮£˲ϢͱһƬ𺣡
鱬ħǽǰߵϰʿֱը˷ɻҡ
ʸֱӸһʿһˣһʸ䴩࣬ȥֻӳ
ɱ
еǰģǵˣȫλǵĸֱһˣ
ҾͲˣֳôĶ˭Ĩĸɸɾ
ڶ·ѲʹֵǣɱĴЦУѾȳ˳ȥ


2066 ֽ
ˣ
ӣ
һӣ
УѾֱţƣѾʧصķչˡ
һѵôֵܲʿͷ۾˲Ϣͺˡ
ɱ
֣ɱ
ѩĵ⣬˳ǰ㡣
ǽǿߵĿֲϢΪֻڵ㣬˲һ˿һķϢ
ʵ̫ˡ
Ĺ켣
һ˲䣬۾ɵĴģУҶӰסĸεģֳ䱸ʮ񣬷׷һ
ԭ롭
ڣһжҪˡ
ĵ㻹Щڡ
룬иı
ǣղŵһ飬ǻᷢǻƴ
ڡ
ȻҰݣڵлʱҲҪлľ춯أ̤Ľƣ̵Ѫ
㣡
ĵ⣬ۿžҪ촷ۣ
ڴʱеĵ۾ٴһɣ͵һ̽ڶĵ֮ǰͽƾס
ƾʿͷôþ˿
ƺԭѲʹŵҪҪǽôһˣҪĶҪϣ˭ȥ
ֻܸĹ
Ĺۣפ͵ڶ·ѲʹҪȫҪģȫҪģ
ŭ䣬һӣһǰ˶ϣֱӽһͷ
˲ϢĹ򣬷鱬ħĵڶ䣬Ѿʼˡ
ϹŲܱߣѾڵĻ𺣡
ϹŲפѪʿֻǺԭĽ˴
𺣣ʿĲҽĵ⣬Ѫ⣬˲ϢĿĿӡ
ԭΪĿǰĺŦÿ·в١
ЩĿӹɲǣϵɫٴξ䡣
ںԭĽͳɣڣǳ׵Ļֽš
ˣ¿ǻˣ
һܵĺɣֶ
ѲԣǺųʥױ
ʥױ֣Ǹıɡ
˵ûж֣ۿʥױ˹һܾһҲûκ⡣

鷳ģӹ
ϷŭͬһɲǣϢشӺԭۿڵķըһ߼
ϹɲǣǰɽϢͺεɢ˷˭;ܿ
߿ռңң߿ӵߣûӦͱ⡣
ʵʵɱʱӵĿ⣬׷˱ܡ
ָźԭͳɣŭ
ɣڸҪжոոϹһµͻȻһֵˣ
µʿȫڴ˵أһ뿪
³ϸ뷴ԣĿһʱ˰µ뷨
Ǿֵģ
ɣڱյĿһɨʱһֻޱȵıдȫһֿ˵Ŀ⣬ɣͷ
ʱһֲõԤС
һɲǣǿߵϢһ𣬷·һεıһ㣬Ϣεڱ
ôˣյ߸һµͬʱüͷ
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ǣ
˲Ϣ䣬Ѫ죬ֲ֫ϱҽһƬ
ϹŲפγɾѹƸ£ܶЩѪʿɴġ
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ɱһѹ
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̶̼ʮʱ䣬ϹŲܱעѪɺӣѪһء
ʦ֣ʱ·Ұһ£ȴƿƵģ޷ֺ
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һ㣬ֵµѲɱޱȵʹǣȴǷɱ
֣
ɱǵڶ·ѲʹֵܣǾͲ³͢ɷ𣿡
ɷյͻȻЦΪܵɷʲô
ܵɷһӣȨߣҪô䣬ô䣡
뿿ܵɷһعֻ˵̫棡ǰȫ˹ϣ
һعĴȥɣ
Щˣ𣬾ͻ᳹׵׵ʧ׵ʧ
յĻϵѪɫʾܣôĶô˶ˣܣ
ûĶǴ󣡵ǡյǸֳһ˿ЦǣĴ󶯾ҲҼүһֽŶѡ
ϴŲƨɣԭֻһֽͿԲɾڣֻҪֽŶѣ
ֽ
ܣҡͷȻţǲ԰׵ɫȴˣѾ¡
״յǺЦ
ƣѾչҪȡϹŲĿؽƣˡ
ʵѾǰɣ
ĬȻһɲǣȴ͵̧ͷǱ̫硣ϴϴ֮һǱģ
ϴָҶǰɣյٴЦʬͳɻ˰ɣ
ܣһΣʧ
ҪѾŪҶģôĿŵ£³ϲһ䡣
Ŀ⣬˲Ϣʹˡ
ҲڴʱѪеϹŲͻȻ˸˵ע˹ȥ


2067 ɱֵߣ
֣ڶ֮ǰ²Ѿ׵֮ڣ뺣ԭϹŲȫͣ뺣ԭϹŲŲ
ôỹ˽³ϲ
ǰ
յҲһĲ죬֮ǰϷѾ뺣ԭϹŲϵļϹŲȫкҲյȷϵϢ
᲻ǵǱߣµüͷ
ܣ
յȻ񶨣Ҫ϶ϵͻأ
˵յͻȻһ׼ɣ˭Ӧ䣡
ˣȫ
յһնɱơ
³صĵ˵ͷȻѾź˽սĺ֣ǣʵȴҲй¶ȥ
ȻǵĻ鷳
ϾλλĻӣɲǳصġ
źԭϹŲĹ⻪ԽԽ㡢֣ʱһɱܵĽ죬׷׽ĿͶԽԽϹŲ
֪εֿԣǳǳС
ǣ˿ͷôһ˿

ϹŲĹ⻪µʱһģӰϹŲģϹŲ󷨹⻪ɿţ¶һվıͦӰ
Ӱɲǣе㡢֣ʱһڱõľ٣׷ױóԾޱȡ
Ҷ棿
ϴ󣡡
ϴûϴû
үǾүˣ
֣ʱͬʱʧߺߺɲǣˮѾۿ
𣿡
յϢ˲ϢҶ棬ɫ˼㡣
³ϿЦƻʱӦáˡ
ͬһɲǣ³λϢͬʱҶϡ
纣ѹɱ⣬˲Ϣֶ˸ոŲƹҶϡ
ȻƻûǾɣ
յһ³ߣͬʱͷ
ϹŲ˲Ϣ䴩ռĲʣҶǰôһɲǵ˸Ǵ̱ǵѪζȴҶޱȵ
Ȼϡ
ҶԪпŴԸ֧ţӻħ硣
Ҷ沢ûħֱͣӴħ緵˺Ĵ½
ҶϣħͨλѾܵ˺Ĵ½Ӱ죬λãȴġ
ںĴ½һһֱҶܿԪ
Ҷ̫á
ͨ͵˴ϲݳ
е֮ڤڤеѪĸӦԽԽ顣
ҫŲĴ½ʱûгѪĸӦҶԪħ磬ħ緵غĴ½֮ѪĸоԽԽǿҡ
ҶԼԼģ϶дҪ
;һٶȣСèȫ·ķر
Ҷǣò׵ִĿֱŲƵԭϹŲʱԷȴ֪ΪĳЩԭͣŲԭʱ䡣
ͣҶޱȵĲ졣
ϹŲŲƷãǾ͸Ǯһ
رհ죬ʧȻ˵Ҳˡ
һ£ǲرյġ
ңϹŲ󷨳С⣬һʼ޸ʱ䶼ġ
֮ĹزţΪĸ档
뵽ͷҵѪУҶż
£ҶѲ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹݣƲôá
ҶֱƣפУξԹԸҶ˵ͨ
ȨǳȻģǾӣûκһ֧ӣڹȻ
ңפУξõҲֻһϷĺͨʱʱرǰԭͨʱ
ִɲǣҶΣȴû뵽ӭǴ̱ǵѪζѪһĳ
ʿĲ֫ϱۣ׵ġڵġģҪǣЩʿȫűĺŷ
Ҷ濴˱㡢֣ʱһˡ
޿Ƶɱ⣬һֱλֲµϽҵĻζ
ϣ³ϻгߵɫͬʱһ䡣
ȴûмŶ֣ǾĵȴҶ̤ϹŲ
ϹŲڣǾԲܳ֡
һϹŲִ£ǱĻ£Ҳڲס
ܺãܺã
űصʬѪҶǣȻĸһ˿ЦݣЦݣʿͷУȴȼ˹Ҫֲ
Ȼɱôֵܣ
ɱɱˣΣյЦ
ɱֵߣ
һɲǣҶ߳

յ³ϡͬʱЦ·Цһ㡣
ƾ𣿡
Ǹˣ֣̤ϹŲ󣬿ûбɱǣյЦ
ΪҲ𣿡
ҶЦţһ̤ϹŲ⡣
֣ʱͬʱϴ󣨾үɣ
Ҫ
Ҳһɲǣϡ³ϡ˵Ϣ˲Ϣ˼£ҶϣɽһѹϹŲϿƴ
ҶĲȴṳֱ̂ͣϹŲѪ
ҶĿ⣬ʱ·ֱһ㣬ϹŲصĲ֫ѪǷĪૡ
ȻɱǣҾ͸һֱѪ޵Ļᣡ
УҶ˫зѪɲǣһ̤ϹŲѪըһ쳹
ɱֵߣ


2068 ѪӰɷ
ɱֵߣ
ֳڵɲǣҶһֻſ˺ԭϹŲ󣬺ݺݵĶѪһѪС
һŶ£ɢŨŨѪζѪر
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ϹŲ˷纣һѪ
еѪһɲǼսѪҶԺ󶸵طɳһޱȵϹħӰظսѪı档
ɱ
һ·ϹħӰзǳѪͻȻһ
ڳɲǣͻһɢ֮Ѫɫʸ
Ѫɫʸɢ֮Ϣϵĺ䡣
һ˷ԹԹĺ⡣
ϢǰĲʡԹŭʹϢʱſ־塢ŭʵฺϢѪ۶ɵɷ
ѪӰɷ
ҶõϹħԜĴеһΪѪӰɷĶط
طʩչѣҪսѪܹʩչ
ʩչЩа죬սԽĵطѪԽĵطԽ
ҲһľԣõѪԽԽãԽԽ
ѪʱԽʧԽ࣬ԽС
ϹħԜĴԣһطרõ֮ľѪϢרԪ꣬ޱȡ
ʣһѹЧ
㹻ʵľѪ컯ˣҲҪܴ
ѪӰɷʩչʱΪ̣ɽո̤ϹŲҶŭˡ
ޱߵѪ˷ĸϢʶģҶóЩɵɱС
ѪӰɷҲϹħԜĴΪʮҶҲʩչͨ
ѪӰɷɲǣڰϡ³ϵĲ£ɫͷ·뷢һ㣬Ҷ档
׼Ҷ棬κһ˲Ϣͳʮ￪⡣
ǣɢŰϢ⣬ڼλļӳ£ͷ·۾һ㣬һ׷Ҷƨɺߡ
ȥ
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ͬһɲǣҶĸǶ³ƬƬĻ棬˲ϢҶ鹬еĻ𹬳˸ɸɾ
ȴһʮ׵Ļǽȼš
ֱһϽɫ⣬󲿷һնΪһûλȫһӲƴ
˺鱦Ƕ鲼µĲĻǽ
ҲͬʱҶֱʩչط۵ѪӰɷ·Ѫɫһ㣬ֱϡ³ϡλ
ѪӰʸλû⡣
ǵڵİϣһĲм
ѪɫʸȻ۵ĺܹ죬Ϣһ㣬䲻Ҷسڵʵ
ΪһϽĵǰϣ³ϣֻǳߣȻӣɸҶһ㹻ӡ
ϾѪɫʸʱܹ죬˵ϢҲһֱ䡣
һӣϢ絫ޱȵ⡢ȭӡ򽣹⣬㶼Ѫɫʸ
֮Ѫɫʸǲܼġ
һɲǣɫͻȻͱˡ
ѪɫʸȻֱӴǺȥĽȭӡ
ӭȥĽȭӡޱȵۺҲصĺ׼ȷƫƫѪɫʸĴ˹
Ǹо쵽ֱѪ
·ǺȥĽȭӡһ㣬ǣǺȥĽȭӡȴʵڵġ
Ѫɫʸ³һַԹԪĺ⣬Ĵһս
СģԪ鹥
δйָо³ϣʾ˲Ϣ⻪һϢԲܶطɳĵѪ֮ǰ
󣬱ܵģ³ϰԪϢҲ
ҲԪϢɲǣһѪӰɷһٴĴ³ǰݣԼϢۻ벻ں鱦Բܣֱڡ
³һһĪĺ⣬شȫһֽĸо
ֺ⣬䣬ڶַĵ䡣
ͬʱεѪɫʸ䴩³ϸոմ߶ԪֱӺĵݺݵĶԪ֮ϡ
ѪӰɷһϵԪģ˲ϢͱޱȣԪѿƵͬʱϢѪɫͷ·綾һ㣬ʼȾȾԪ顣
ϵԪХһԪڲɫԪ𣬷ɿķվѪɫʸϵĸ
Ԫ鱾޻棬Ԫ棬ǿд߶ԪԷ٣γԪ棬ʼһиϢ
ʱ˿̣ڵĳϣѾ˲ˡ
ʱһСģԪҪޱȵѪӰɷڵϢȾ׵ȥıԴʶһֻ֪ɱ¾ԹޡϢħͷʬһ
ɢҪ¡
Ϊתһ˿飬Ҳ᳹
൱һˣ׵׵ʧϡ
ʱ³ϣʱĻԻָҶıӴħͷ

䣬ô˴ط
һߣôܹ˴طأ
ԴˣҶ浹ν
طνаؼͿõ˭
һ˲䣬³ϵԪ⵽شѹϾ˼
˿³ϵģҲһɲǱ
Ť˿̸Ѫ磬·ľʿͷһ˶ɵˡ
ң³ϣΪߴڵİϣеĳߣʱģҲ³һģһ
ΪѩİմѪȥӵҡ
ס㡢˧֣ʱѾɵˡ
ܶǵһӦҪһ۾
ǲǻþ

λͶԸɵϰٺŽǿߵĵڡ
ôͻȻͱǵͷǱ
ΣʵЩš
ʵ֣ʱҶԼҲǳ⡣
Ҷ֪ѪӰɷܺǿ󣬱ϾϹħ񴫳طͨ
ҶĹ֮УλԪ𣬸Ҷ洴սͲˡ
û뵽ѪӰɷֱλԪ⵽شѪѹԹˡ
ԭҶ滹̫ѪӰɷһ˵
һǳˡ
ϹħԜĴԣѪӰɷֻյֻǿԪػ赲
һ͸ŵĳһ
λģȻûҶУȴûʲô
ΪҶλģҶֻҪ㶯֣Ϳأ
һ͸Ҷ洴˿նɱλĻᣬϹħԜѪӰɷжɼһߡ
ͬʱɽϽɫĽһϵԴ;ֱա
ɫƾմ̽ͬ˰ϡ³ϡߵڡ
īɫٷ·۾һϱնɵԴסʮ÷Ԫ٣˰ϵԴС
ϵ۾͵ŭѪ䣬
ס֣
ס֣ġ
ġָոճ֣ŭ˫ͻȻʧȥʣǰϢʼɿɢ
ͬһɲǣʮ÷Ԫ³ϺͳɢİϢҲͬʱɢ
λǿط֮СĿ£Ǻһͽڣڵĵؿշݣֿʼٵڡ
ͬʱҶĸӦУСϢȻ俪ʼ
СɲûͻƵڣΪǵ۷壬ɢϢȴһأͻƵڣֽһء
״ˣϹķӣ޻ϵģǿռ䷨ľϵϵԣľϵΪá
ķľϵطΣͿͻƵˡСҶ
Ҷͷ֮࣬ϢͿʼ
ȴСλڵΪתעҶڣҶΪٴοʼ
䣬ҶΪͻƵ˽ڡ
ѾĲˣ³ҲϢɢɫϳš
ԣҲĲˡ
龰ñܵ㡢˧֣ʱԼһڱܵı٣ļѡ
ܶѾ˴үˡ
λ߸ϵĵ
̶̼֮䣬ԼҾү
ѹܵ飬ˡ
ʿͷԼһɾʿԼԭĽͳɣڣѾɵˡ
ɵ˰
λıҶɵˣ
Ҷ棬жôֲ
Ҫǣλˣǵ³أ
һˣԭͳɣڿһȣȻˡ
ȻⲢ֣
䣬д־壡
ңһʿͷҲòȥ˫Ѿʼˡ
Ŀ⿴ǵҶ棬͵ؽĲϡ

ҪǸҹһҾʿͷŲ߳


2069 Ϸ
ҪǸҹһҾ
ʿͷŻˣҶֶθŵˡ
λ߸ϣǱܹܶҪмӵĹڶ̶̼֮ڣͱҶɵˡ
Ҷһʵжôǿ
жôֲ
ּȵ𺳣öûһ˿һġ
ֱӽϣеϡ
ģΪҶţӦûмֵӦܹһɣ
û뷨ܿס
ҶĿУ޼ۡ
˵һʮٸֲһ
ǶҶԣв

ֶڲʿͷһڸŶѧʿҶ淢һĪ̾Ϣ
֣ҶָŶһʿ㿴ôĽߣΪ͵ģߣȻַʽ
ǲˣҶǱӶˣ
ǡ
Ҷһıӡ
ҶǣһʿӵķˣҶ̬ȣǸƶƶַʽãƶеǺмֵġ
뿪Ǳ֤һë׳ŵ
뿪
ҶЦģ𣿡
Ҷ治Ӧ˻еĵ涸һҪǣ
ǣ𣿡
ҶЦУͻ
ɫ׵Ĵӵص׶һ˵µĵ汩СĿǰ۷Ϊ
Щɫͱƴֽһ㣬谭ޱɵ˶Ҫ
һɫֱӲǵĳϣǾܷӦҲ޷˺ǡ
˲Ϣ䣬İѪʿͷڣСˡ
С߶ĵطȫǵҪѨֱӷǵ뷴ˡ
ͶֻҡԴĴУУǿ־塣
ո㻹ã˧֣ʱһصʬ壬Ѫ۾𳤵һͿһʿԴ
ɱҵֵܣ
ɱҵĲ£
֣ʱ·йһ㣬һʮŷ²ԴһʿͷԴʱȴСסˡ
ɱԴӶǳ޵ľ˧֣ʱ͵̧ͷҶ汯˧ǧֵܣǧû˰ǧУˮ
֪
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ҶĿ⣬ٴο˾˧֣ʱµֵܣɱ𣿡
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Ѫľ˧֣ʱէһʱһ
ɱͺãٵ֣ռսֵǵʬǣȻȥǸһҰˣ
ҶĿһתָڲԶɪɪĺԭͳɣڡ
һۣ֣ʱŭһһˣ̤˺ԭͳɣڡ
ɣŽصΪǣ֣ʱȴ˿塣
мնλĴ˧ڴˣ֣ʱʲôµġ
ǺԭĽͳɣڣȴҶ仰ˡ
ԥģɣھľתܡ
λûһʵʵɱа纣ԪѹɣڣɣڲҶֺ
ɣڵӦУҪǸҶһ£ɱԪҶ棬ͻһ˲佫ɱ
ңţҶһ㡣
ԣɣڲҶһҶ
ֱ˧֣ʱأĹؽж廨
ɣĴҲûһҶҶɱλӰѾսһ㣬ӡǵԺ֮С
ˣԷΪְԭľӣѵҲȥ
ɣڣһϣͲ֣ʱˣûѪԣҷһ
㣬ȥ֪ͨԭùʱڣƷϵ󳼣ʹںԭۿڡ
ʱ˭ȱһλѲ˾ˣһһȥ롯Ҷ롯֡
У߹뺣ԭϹʥױıǾͰλͣҲʹඣ
𣿡

֣ʱرϹŲȻű˧ǰԭۿȥˣˣɻء
ǣ½˧֣ʱͦıֱ
һɲǣҶΣͳ𣬷˺ԭͷķ
СɲǣԭĻľͱҶĶĿҶ۾
ڷ飬Ҷ˲Ϣյһ
ԣҶ֪ԭõһλͣԭöҪŵĹͣңһλ
Ҷ֪λǰйء
ܿģҶ͵ִ˺ԭۿϿգǧһѪɫʿںԭۿڽ鳭źԭۿڵʲᣬⷿ
״ҶҲû˵һoʹӵصЩѪʿ
죬ҶɵΪλúõ׼һϷ


2070 һߵ
ںԭͷҶĵڶ·ѲʹֻѲȨû˰ȨͿȨ
ҶҲһֱ뺣ԭõԼԭۿڷںԭҶĵڶ·Ѳʹܲ֡
ʵϣҶĵڶ·Ѳʹȷʵһֱûвֺԭۿڵ˰յ档
ǣѲ˾ɲȨ󣬶Ҳǳˡ
ҶĬ£Ŀ£ǻдˮ
ȻⲿˮںԭǿѲ˾ùġ
ĶȣҲյĺܺá
ҪǣѲ˾ڶ·Ѳʹ̨ıУפռ˴ĵ̲˵ǿŵڶ·Ѳʹ֧֣Ѹ
˵ģԭۿһϵĲֿ̣ڱУ֤
ѾΪ˺ԭۿɢعģУи㲻飬оһܹ㶨
̶̼䣬о͸˳ϰƷʯ棬⻹Ǳмŵԭ
֮ǰ鳭кͲֿ⣬ǱеĲֿʱ
ˣбеƹͻƣ֮ǰѲ캣ԭۿڵѲ˾ڸۿߡ
һĻҶŭ
ڶҶĸ
˱УٸԭŲô룬һϡ
һ룬ǳľӣޱѣ˵ıչˡ
һոսǧѪʿƵɫٴδӵرɿЩѲ˾ͱƹƵڡ
һĻŵЩƹƴ
ܿģ˾
ҵȺˣҵ˺ˣ
СľޱȣˣҲһһЧ
˺ˣ¿ͷάͷ򣡡Ҷ𣬸ҶѲž׷׳Ҷΰ
⽻˼ҶҲûţһһͨСͨѶŲ󣬷˷
Ȼ󣬾Ǿĵȴ
ʱĺԭ֮Уȴһ󼦷ɹԭ쳹
Ǻ
ǺǣһѾˣҲŸǵĺġȻĺúõġ

ԭĹò֪ǣŭһֲȫҶĶ䡣
СİæҶ͡òϣԭǵķ紵ݶӲҶĶĿ
ʱʹ˴ҴҸɫЩء
ˣˣЩ˱ӣǴӡ񣡶ңжû̫ΣĹʣֻӹܣӹܶѡر
񣡹ȻҲֻϵҵңҵˣӦǻˣ
𰸣ʵҶЩ⣬Ҷ֮ǰĻɶʵܶħսĴ󶼶󶼶ԭ
Ҳֻ֪ҫǰҶ档
û뵽ˣȻǻ
ҶĿǰΨһģ⻸񣬵û年һء
Ǻı
ǻ񴿴Ϊƽ̵ԸͱҶ档
һ֣ҶһΣ
ںԭߣҲ̺ź̶Ӱɣפ鱨ԱɣҶͻʵ
ԣͫ׶һѾʶʲô
شˣУңЩ˵ϢȫѲ˾֮СǴˣ˼
񰡣Ȼǵλȴ٣ң㲻¾һܲ˵ģ˼Ȱ
˵ܻΪ¾𣿡
ҶǣزɷѾҪˣһ˼ƨİɣûгΪ¾ĿܣУҲὫ
仰Ҷǰûʸ˵ȴһˡ
⡭ͫٴһ˵Ļǵһ
ҵĻͰѻںԭڵȫܹǲҵĻҲѴһὫ㰲ŵλϣңǻֵܣ
Ҷⷬ˵˵ļΪأҲǾ䷢ġ
ʲôˣпܳΪδ¾δ϶
ˣһ˭ǣ
˭ҸҶ裿
һСģǼʮϰǼ󳭼Ĵ
ԣҶĺġ
㣬ڣҶҲǵԸ
Ҷû·ˣѾҶ治Ը־ܣֻܷ
ǹ㣬ȴŸѡ
ԣȴǿЦ
˵ʲô
˵ʵҲ¡ǣҸ˴ô꣬ȥ˭֪Ǵ˵ˣϣѾ˴˵ӡˡ
˸һߵڣûκѡ񣡡Ц
ҶԵĵ˵ͷصһļ򣬡İɣгһգƴҪ©˳ˣҳ֮ǰұؽ㰲׵
仰Ȼ̫ţصĵ˵ͷ
˵ʵҶľλȷʵܵͣʵҲôǣֻҶߵˣҶܹõжôֲ
һ˵ǿĵ˵ǿˡ
˵ģ㿴ҶССıЩУЩʲôˡ
Ѳϴǧšԭȵȡ
˵ǲһĺһŪöҪ塣
Ҷߣȴúõġ
ǴˣҪЩˣµʵЩ˵
й⻪һӰͳУЩˣҵڶ·ѲʹѲʹǵ֤飬ܰװɣ
Ӧ⼸˵ǿֲ˹Ϣϲˣû⡣


2071 븶
С֮ǰնɱİϡ³ڵתҶΪϢҲڶ̶̰ʱڣӽسڿ쭵˽۷塣
ԭôһĸϵͷʱҶΪϢȶ˽۷塣
ոոϵĺԭãһڴǰҶĺԭľǣ׷׵ɴ۾
̲ס˼۾Ӧˣ֪ǰҶ棬ǲǼðġ
һκԭڶ·ѲʹҶ淢ͻ֮ǰ顣
֮ǰԭüǵúΪڶ·ѲʹҶ棬Ϊ۷ѡ
ʲôΪ
۷壡
ʱ䰡
ʱ䣬ھųɾŵ߶ԣܹ۷ͻƵΪﵽһسңͲˡ
Ҷ棬ȴֱӿ쭵˽۷塭
Ҫλ¸ô˵þԻӡ
ڣ
ٶȣиոյҶڼնɱλ鱨ԭýŵװһֱš
ԭôŴССǧλ󳼣׼ʱϵͷҶ棬ȴվͷ·ûһһ
ޱȵΡ
ڽ֮ǰ飬ԭÿ϶ޱȵŭҶĿֲս֮˼ͳʧˡ
վڰһᣬޱεǰҶк
ҶѲʹʲôѴˣҪôǰ֪ͨһһᱸʢҶѲʹӷ硣ԭ˵
ʢ磿
ҶЦҿǺɣ
ôᡭڨڨЦ
Ǻǡ
ҶЦԭޱȵΣҵǣҶٴοˡ
֪ҵĸʹ㻰Ĳǹûհأ

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ʣõ𣿡
ҶĴ˹õĻתȵţ
һͨͨӰ׵ľʹԶΧ۵Ⱥ˳
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ţȴǷһԭ䵽Ц
شˣ·֮ʱ¾Ͳ˲ҷ̵̽ʱ˲㲼á
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⣬ЩѾԭԱʵһǧ߰ʵԭΥΥʵʮ
ֲʵԭ˽سλֲԭڹΥ׸ٳ˽֤
̽ţÿ˵һԭõԴϵ亹ͶһЩԭһ󳼣ɫ
ǰ䱻һ˵飬Ŀء
Ҫǣţ˵Υ׸ٳ˽һʱ򣬺ԭõϣʱʧȥѪɫ
ֹ֮е˽飬ʵʼ
飬ã˵á
һͱʵ֤£֮λ¶Ҫˡ
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Ըô͹ϵ˻ʹ˵ء
˵Цˣ϶˵Цˡԭͷ亹
ˣȥѺŵǸ̫Ѻϣԭŭ
Ҷǣתһ˿ײЦ
ţ¿ɲܲ׽ӰһҪʵݲС
ǣ˽ѵǣЩ飬»ȫܷ鵵Ȼٴһһϸʵٻرˡţ˵
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ԭϵĿɫ
ǾҶѲʹðɡ
òǸˣҶȴᡣ
ǺԭĹԱԴõĺá˵꣬ҶЦݣӵ
Ȼ˵ǻˣûкԭϺĬˣҲ޼ɵ
ΪܾɣϹŲ⵽ϮڷӦɳԮء
ǣԭûɳԮǰΧϢ
Ҷµʿǧ࣬ծѪծѪ
ԭҲ븶˴ۡ
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ǰҶͼǽͳɣڣɨأŴ
ǣ˿̣ûѡ
ͳɣ谮ֵܣҲС
ţͳɣڹң񼫣Ҷúԭɣһ·뷨׵ʧˡ
ն
ȿ̣
һԭһɫӵѿͳɣȴɵˡ
ϣϣҿǷ
û˵꣬ɣھͱһԵţһ֧̽ͽϡá
ûʱλոβĺԭͳ죬ͱԭ˵նףɱ꣬ɢ
ʱԭһ󳼣ҶĿ⣬Ѿ
˭ԺҲǵڶ·ѲʹҶ棬ǴڸԼСȥ
ϾǵĹѾˡ
⺣ԭۿһ£ҲˡҪĸۿڣҪңԺʧɾʹˡ
ΪԺٷ飬⺣ԭۿڣѲ˾һܰɣΣ
һԭһɫ䣬ǺԭǮӣǺԭõɫȴǸˡ
ʱ˿̣еѡ
ãֻǡ
ԭĳ뺣۵Ĺ˰ȻϵġҶ˵
õıֻ࣬ǹ˰
ǽ˰ж٣
ǣܾܾ
˵ͷǵͷ
һɲǣԭóӶѾˡ
ˣһ£֤ҶͻȻ佫ĿͶץһɷ²


2072 ͸Ĵ
֤
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֪ô֤Ҷʾ˿̵ĹãҶǰѾûһ֮ȡ
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Ҷһ߳һǧԶΪ׵ľѪʿнǧںԭ̶ԱԼ񰲲ںԭɫɫ̽ӣȫץˡ
˵ںԭ֣ųɾѾҶһθɨˡ
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ѪծѪ
Ҷ濴һ㣬ǰˣһӦڹѾȫе֤ݿڹ걸Ѳ˾ĹأȨԽЩıˣȫ͵ش
Ҷĵ˵ͷ
ȻҪɱˣǾҪϷ
ҪȻҶ鷳
Ǿ׼һ̰ɣȫҸĽҶ
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һɲǣҶЦеĿ˽ǰ顢ˡ
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硢硢磬Ҹ°ŵݣɻ⣿ǲ⣬ҿʱǰµݡҶ˵
Ѳ˾˵һݣǾ͸Ƶġ
ҶǴ˾ԤţҲصչ˶κҶ汨ȥļǺۿ۵ͨ
Ȼ˵顢˳壬ЩۣǣЧ壬ɲ
˵ܻʹڣ幩幩⣬ܻʹڣʱԻΪεū͡
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ߣںĴ½ߣҲҪһݡ
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⣬Ȼ⣡
ЦǰںĴ½ߣһһһС̲ǡ
Щˣһ̧ۺǣǡ
ݣҲǴүˣ˭Ҳң˭ҿң
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פУŲٽǾ۷ĸ֡
ͬʱǱ߱ץĻ֣ž˧֣ʱ߸߾Ѿˣܲ˵
ƽʱлаԵˡ
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˭ҵ
ϹǵĹۣɱǣͲ»½ǳ𣿡
ǻµļūɱǣͲ»Ǿ𣿡
뱻壬͸Ͻǣ
ޣǵӸϽǿͷ˵ɱ֮

ŭһ˸߹һˣЩū޲ý
һĭУŸ߸߾𵫲ûµһڼū·ҵ˸о
ƺǰЩˣǸסˡ
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ΨһͬǣԶΪ׵һѪ¾ʿɫһһ԰ףһһѿ
У˾Ǿ
żʿǽͣƹ̽ӡūĿ⣬ڿ׳һ
ûڿ׳ա
Щ׳գ֪֮ǰĴʱдµĿڹݣ;Բڵĵˡ
ͬ
Щˣͬ
ڴܣҵ棬ֻһ֣ɱ
Ҷ֪Ѿǡ֤ɽˡ

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˭ܸңҶ棬Ϊʲôܻţ
ԪѵҽȥһٵԪ򣿡
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󣬾Ŀ⿴Ѷ¾ʦͿ
Ϳº͵ĵ˵ͷȻԽܹ㣬ƿ˴š
ͬʱһƿ¾ʦͿҹ
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ǵ²ŭֻʹ߸죡¾ʦͿûһ˿һĸ飬ֻб䡣
ʱŭĻסˣ侲
˵ǣܽˡ
󣬻񻺻£¾ʦͿڣܹܼͷɿĽͨ£ǸҶ棬ץںԭʿ̽ԼеԱ
ЩһŶΪ棬ʱҪնʾڣ
ϢøոĻٴ͵վң
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ͻȻ䣬ͷһŨŨС
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ҶҪЩ֤ȥ滸ǲԾĹѰ·
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Ȼô룬Ǿ˵ˣҶ޹ء
⣬Ҷ͸Ĵ
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ҶЦеЦݣʱԭУֱħҪɶ
֪ӡһãϾʹҶҶˡ
ǣеѡ
ǿɬЦУԭãȡĺ


2073 Ҳ
ĸۡ鷿ڣӼľʦͿ¡
ǽӹܺԭϹŲ󡢺ԭۿҡǮļƻΪҶز۲˵Ҷ潫ںԭֱӸ˸׳졣
ѾյĻԣӰȽϴ
֮ǰûг׵ĽӹܺԭۿڣǣӵУںԭۿڵ滹Ǻܸߵġ
̣Ҫ壬ȻǴ׵ķ
ҪԭʱָĿ˰ѡ
˰ѣܸ˰һɲȨ
һڻأͿʮ˰һȴʮ˰һ˰һ⵱еĲߴࡣ
Щ̶ӣһΪ˲˰˰˰Ϊ˱ָ
ˣҲÿ
ĳ̶ӱվһλôλȨƺӰ˰ʿʮ˰һҲʮ˰һ
ǣƾŻŽƣ͵ʮ˰һ
ԭۿֱӽУ޴ߡ
ԴӺԭۿʢ̶ӣһֱǻҪԴ֮һ
Ҳǻһֱ볹׵İռԭϹŲ뺣ԭۿڵԭ
طҡǮһϡ
˭֪ûӹܳɹԭܹ׾޴̶ӣҲ׵ıһˡ
һûˣʱĲԴЩתˡ
˿̣¾ʦͿԽŶԲߡ
£ԭһ飬ʱָˡΪ֮ƣֻǿԴ
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ȫںԭնɱĵµʿūͷ˾ۣ
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۴һλǰҪ췴𣿡
ȥ븮ڵĹ֣ҳײϵĿͽɱǣе飬һе
һССѲʹеϵǱʹУɱɱһ
㸸֪ˣҲѵҼˡ
˵ţЦ֪ĶԼɾͱֱĺ
ˣǻĴܹ㣬ȴһ
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ֹڼܹ㳯ϵΪ׽Ҷ볤ֹϵַͬһ㡣
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Ҷ͵ǰװͷ͵ľ۵Ĵ󳵣ڱͿԽմҶ֮˲Ϣʧˡ
ǰǰ󣬳ڻſڣһӲĹ
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»࣡
ĳλ󳼶뷹ܳΪСϢĵط
˵ͷ͵ľ۴󳵣ڻſֱըʽţ˲ʹء
ԱҶᵹù
Ҷ氲ȫȥԱ͹עߵ飬ٴαþޱȡ
һʱ䣬²׷ס
˴飬
ޱȵˣֻųԶĿˣһԼźš
£ںΪϻ֮·ı־¼
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ǰҶ澡һӵıݣڳֹܵһ࣬ǰȴ볤ֹ괫
Щģ磬£ЩһУԾ㡣ֹ˵
⻰ҶɫЩΣɱҿûôסɾ뻸׵˺ˡ
Σ
ڵĳֹһν꣬Ϊ˱ңҲǲһ𣿡
ǲһְڣ
ְ𣿡
Ҷٴԣ˼Ĭ֮󣬳ֹ괫ٴ𣬡뿪ôãûи׼ʲô
ҶٴΣ֪ģһγȥɱûС
֪ԣҲ㣬òҡֹЦ
ô㣿
ǵħ̵ʱҳԲķˣЩ𣿡
Ҫٴҳԡ


2074 ˾
еϸ˿һĵض˿ʱͽҶƵĴȡ
ĶжεжϵУУζɢˡ
ˮ֮еĲ˿һĵض˿УлӴ㷭£뾫Σ֮󣬾͵һģЩ졢ȥӨ͸ʯ֮С

Ҷ潫ʯ͵һԵȴĳֹԡ
һ˫ͼ򵥵꣬ļһ꣬Уֹ˳üʱһչǵһĨٻһЦ⡣
ߣû˲Ǹζóԣ
󣬳ֹͲһһ꣬
ٶȣһԵŮĿɿڴ
ź˹ôã¶ٺóԵʳҲֻԵļһѡ
ûУû㲻Ĵԡ
ƺŮľȣֹûͣһǳȥɡ
λŮ뿪һ԰ƺͱһ˽ܵĿռ䡣
Ҷ潫һ㾫£Ĺ͢͸ûʲôĲ֮
ֹǰẉ̂Ѿȫˣζʣ
ôħǵضһͶ̥һҶ潫һ̴ڳֹǰʱ򣬻٩ֹһ䡣
ұħؽʱҪʱԣڣü˲ץôһΡֹҶ˵
ԴˣҶֻԵĿЦǿЦ
ֹ⣬ҶҲҲףҲϲ
ǣϣڼܹ㳯ѾԾҶˣ⻹ʼ¡˼
Ҷ滹˵ʲô
ܣ
ǿĵ۹
ʱ䣬һġĬãҶŻ˵
ֹٴЦ˵ġģɱ˵ҳԶʳ
˲˵СʯϷһҶǰɢ
ǳֹųԷʱҶµĲˡ
һ־ΥĪܰҶͷţħؽʱҲ
ѽһֱû䣬ôƤ
Сʯ룬Ҷڳ
ʯ롢ʯ̡Ҷ볤ֹħؽʱƵģһֱ
Ҳû䡣ЦеϸϸҶԷĳֹͻȻįãֻĻ
ʵһֱص䵽ħؽʱ⣬Ҫһֱöãֹ߽һ
һֱ㲻ū𣿡Ҷز
ûǣ·ߵĺܲģԽߣԽĶġѪȡڰֹϵЦݽ
ģͲҪˣ·ңպһߵյ㣡Ҷ
ֹȴǻҡҡͷҪȥ
֪߹·ܱ߹·ѪȺڰһ顣ֹᶨ
Ҷ濴ųֹ֮󶨶˵Ҫʱ䡣
Ҷ
Ҫǿţҵļ򣬱еҪҪɿ
֪
صĵͷ֮󣬳ֹȻչһЦ֪ղŵ⼸仰ⱲĵĻ
ˣ˵˵һΣҼ죿˵ţֹ˵Ҷߡ
飬ܼɡһ£Ҷ˵ʱ䣬ʵֻҪܹꡣ
ðÿҪһʱҡ
ֻҪʱ䣬Ҷ㡣

ˣξ飬ЩŹ֡ԭЭħսϵĹ壬ûģϱʱͻȻˣ˭ûյϢ
ˣԭйأйءֹ˵
ˣǻ𣿡Ҷüͷ
Ҵ磿
ֹһͶĴȷʵڶ࣬ǣܹµˣȴûһͶܹҵġ
Ҹܹϴλ֮ˣɴӲ֣ǵߣ׳أ
ֹ˵Ҷüͷ
һ͸ˡ
ҶǰͿõϢҶ˾ЭħսĽ
Ϊ˽ҶǸСƳȻҫ粼޵׼ץҶ档
Ҷ棬ҶΪǼġ
û뵽ҪҶеĻҪӣ峤ͿľȻǻ
ôֻصԭϣ峤Ϳģʮа˾ԭ
֮ĿǰһҪʰҶˣӦԭ뻸
ȫǻ塣
ԣһħսҪСġߡ˵һ룬ֹĻͻشס
ʲôҶ׷ʵ
ûʲôһҪСģҴ岻֣ͶЧĽɲ١ԭǿϺꡭ
İɣ

ڶһ磬ҶϴŲ뿪
ǳֹһ֮ĺ԰ҶҲ˳µ顣
ҲǣҲ
Ҷ볤ֹҲЩܶѣ׳أɲԽ벽
𿴳ֹܳĹЩ飬һˣܳҲûκô
ûãҶ͵ִ˴ҪҲȨӰһš
ȨӰѲ˾Ҫ
ģµĹԱﲻ
Ҷӡġ
ӵǰħսЭڷصĹ壬һ£ӡ
ħս˷ŵӼ࣬ӱʶԾӡΪҶЭӣõһķţħսۣºսӦеϷΪƾ
ӡ׼õġ
ҶʾԼıӡţͽӵħսľõ˾ҶıЭӵĶš
˾
ţҶ滹⣬Ϻһŵ
õžҶֱе˾
õžҶͿԴӾе˾ȡɴܾƵĸġ
ܵĹų죬Ҷı˾˾죬иսġӸٵľӡȡ
Щ쵽֮ȫɽҶ·ί֮Ҷıͻᱻʱֱܾܵı߾ʶͨԼս
Щ֮⣬жʮһĵݵһ롣
ҶзĹսṩȫľеģԭķսݺ;еֻṩһ롣
ȻҪǣݾͲ˵ˣǴܾƷľеƷʾӵǿȶ
ǾЭħսľӵĺô
ܿģҶھе˾ȵ˰Ӧһе˾˾˷ž⡣
е˾˾ڿҶķž֮ͷҲû̧ľ˵챱˾һӦӡеǰɣ֪ˣĸºɣ
һҶ治ɵȻޱȣĸ֮ôУ


2075 ëľ·
ܾ´ǰħսľޣһꡣ
ڴ֮ǰҶ̫תĴ½ǰǰѾõ˽µʱˡ
㣬Ҷ滹оŸµʱ䡣
нϹŲãǵִħսҲҪʱ䡣
֮Ҷʱ䣬ֻ²ˡ
е˾һھĸ£ʱҶҪʧڡ
һʧڣǺ
ҶҲڸŰ칫µģЦӯӯĵһָ˾ˣͨһ
ĸ֮õһɾӡеұ˾Ҫʧˡʧڣﰡ
ԣе˾˾̧ͷȴҶͳȥĴָûһ۾˵ʧڿ϶Ǿе˾Ҳû취
Ǿе˾˾ôˣڻҹϹе˳ǰʱǰ
ҺܲɣһħսľӻȽ϶࣬Ǳ˾һžģǰߵģȫַħսĲӡ
پͨͨڣҲû취
˾˵ҶɫȻת䡣
Բǰذˣڵˡ
˾ķţǰͶģǣҶе˾Ӧ̵ʱڣǰħսľŷ׼ȫ
תɲǣҶóһöװʮƷʯĴָݵе˾˾ǰ
Ƿͨһһʧڣ¹ұ˾ʮɵҶٴ˵
ϣе˾˾ҶϵĴָûһۣЦ˵֪ҲżżҲû취
Ҷ㻹ĸ֮ߣõŷ֮ҹ̣˵ҲǿԸϵġ
Ҷϵһ˿ܵ鳹ʧĿĶסǰλе˾˾
λˣҪұ˾Ϊඣ
ôܣе˾˾ЦЦȴȫ⣬Ҳڰذ¡ʵżҶȴŴ𣬵ߵ·ȡŷҲǿԵġ
ҶеŭѾ޷Ƶ
λе˾ӡ˾𿴺ΪǱ˾룬취
취ȫֿ˲İ취
˵ĸº¼ҶҪôʱôģܶ
ǰе˾˾Ŀѣ϶ָʹʮǰУһǳӵ飬
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ڵڶҶŴߣ·ȡŷȥװ˵ȥУȴӵĿӡ
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صط䣬ӣ뿪Լҷػ߷벽ߣǧ²ۣǧϣسоնƷϹԱն
طǧϾӳߣӦڴܾӱƵľ졢ӡŷȵȡ
֮оҲֻڴܾڴܵо
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Ҷֻھе˾쵽˷ž졢Źġӡšװȫ֮󣬲ܹڴܵؽо
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λˣǻµˣҶͻؿʵ
ĳЧҵǴܣǵʥӡе˾˾Żʹķ˹֡
ޡ
Ҷ泤ӦһЦ˵ұ˾ɱҵһݣȻزѲʹĹϽأ뼸λѲ˾ͬţ켸С£׾ٵ顣
ң˻һߣǱ˾Ͼ·ǿʲô¶ġ
Ѳ˾𣿡
е˾˾ЦΣȫоأҶѲʹʲôֶΣóãѲ˾ЩֶΣأɲһĶֵء
󣬾е˾˾ֵһ磬ͽҶϵöָɡ
¸ӡù٣ҲǴһҶѲʹ͵ܲΰɣ
˵꣬оؾһƨ˹ΣĿҶ棬һεģġ
Ҷһ־ͷһѶ
ѶǷεѲľտģѲտĵ̣Ҫ£ֻ
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ҪǣܵľȻ϶Ѳ˾ѹƺԼѲ˾Ψһǵļ֮һо
Ѳտε˵æﲻˣҪȻµǰֵܻᵹѪù
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ҶûҶֻעĸ֮õ˾ľŹķһӦֻĸ֮ٳ
ĸ֮Ҷ϶Է϶к֣ʹϹŲʱ鼸죬ͨʱȵȡ
ĿǰҶı˾ʧڡ
ʧڵĺǱһӦ١Ʒ٣ȫᱻ£ҶλˣξƜW뿤ةżᱻ塣
ϣûκۿۡ
һ˲䣬ƺҶһ·ˡ
һëħսЭֱӾͽҶ˾·
Ҷѿµ飬۶ľе˾˾оأǺǵЦ
ôԱ˰
һ˵ˣҶѲʹʲôֶΣʹȫţǣⱱ˾ĺŷһ£ֻܰذ£ĸº󣡡
Ц˾оؿҶĿ⣬Ǳļڽ֮ɫ
һӻƧ֮УһϵǾˣᣬֱǲ֪ߵغ
ο£λԽģ˭棬ûá
ҶĿĶ˾оأ˸ͻȻͱ֮ɫ⡣
أĸ
һҶ͵Ծ˶ȭͷɽһݺݵ˾е˾˾оأ


2076 оصĺ
Ҷȭͷҹȥʱ򣬾е˾˾оؾ¶ɵһ顣
Ȼ
е˾ӡе˾ӡ˾
飬ûз
붼û
Ϊ飬ѹܷ
Źӡù٣ԱȨսֱĲˡ
ƫƫҶˡ
е˾˾оأҲǽصΪǣΪȫǿҩջ۶ѻģʵսٵĿ
˵Ҷս֮뺷ѹû˾оطӦĻᡣ
һɲǣҶȭͷͽоصıֱӺ
⻹Ҷ˴ҪȻһȭҪǲоصԴҳϣûκ⡣
Ҫˣǿɾ鷳ˡ
Ҷȭȭĳžе˾˾оؿŹ
ôľе˾ӡ˾ʲôʱܹ
ȭ󣬾ɱһĲҽ
ҽûãľе˾Աͳ˽
ѾŹĲε˾оأһھе˾Աȫɵˡ
еָҶŭţеŽţеĴ֪ͨеĺŽ
ûһ˳λ˾
Ͼ֪֮
Ϊߵ˾ͷ˵ˡ
쵰
ڵģ
Źӡù٣ᱻġҽ֮࣬е˾˾оŭ
һ᲻ᱻ岻֪ұ֮ǰһɱ㣬ҷģ
Ҷ̺͸ɱ⣬ڽ˾о֪ı͡
ʱð´Ҷ棬һӣһûκεɽġ
ֻܾǰҶıɷʰġ
Ǵɭϵļ֮һ
Ҷֱڣ˶ֵĻᡣ
˾оؿò˶೤ʱ䣬ҶͻᱻȻ
ºˣһ㣬ЩֶΣȫˡ
ܿģе˾Ǿ˵Ķ˾
ɱݵΧ˹Щ඼Ǿӱ߾г䣬Ϊңսȴ޾ḻ
СɶɢȻʸҶ棬һͷͳҶ
ſ˾㻹һڤ粻飬ţģ
ͬʱһѶͷзɳҶΪߴ۷壬ʣĳ棬Ѿܹõġ
һ
ҶЦһһĳٴνе˾˾оظոջָıӺĵķ飬ѪĽ
ҶôһɫҶָƼܳ˾оصҪѨڵ㣬ڵεķκˣĻᡣ
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ŵҶÿҪġ
ǣ˾ִҪ˼ʧڣǰ裬ҲпԸˡ
ҶԣǸѣ
˾оصɫһףҶ桮Ǹ仰ͷȻһĪĺ⡣
һעҪļһ֪ʲô
ھ⹷ٵԴҶһŭ˾оأ󲽵ĳ˾е˾Ĵ⡣
һߣҶһߴ֪ұô٣ȻҪұʮöɾʧڡ
٣ù˰
һ߳壬һÿһ䣬Ҷ滹˳ֳоһӣоҷɡ
оϴ˿Ҫܹɫһˡ
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ʮʧڣֻҪи˳ӵˣ¶һ١
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ڣһжˡ
һְ֣ڣⱲӹȫˡ
ųҶ棬ԥһ£׷ŭ߳ͣ£
δˣ
Ҷûκͣ˼ͷһ֣ǿг֡
Ҷȴһ̤ɫĹ⻪һɢһʱ;˲Ϣ˼ǧ·ͻȻ˼ɽһ㣬ٶ轵̧Ŷѡ
мΪߵľе˾Ҷĵش֮£ǵͶء
شͨڻʦ½鴫֮һֱǳޣֻͨҶԼĶ
ڻõ鴫У֪龫ռ÷֮󣬵شͳΪҶԼͨ
˵ҶΪԪ׳Ӧ
ҶΪߴ۷壬شͨҲﵽһֲĳ̶ȡ
ʩչ֮ʱҶ滹żҪȻµߣڵشΧ֮ڣᵱѹĹǶϽۡ
Ҷһͼ˾оأһڿȹٵӹ˾е˾á
ȻҶɳŹӡùķٶǣҶǣδʧȥ
Ҷ֮ǰҵƾֵİ취Ź˾оأЩҶȴɱˡ
ʿɾͱˡ
ҶеõʱޱȵĵϢʹӾе˾󷽵ľصس˹
ĵ֡
˵ٶ죬ϢֵɲǣѾҶԶ
󵨿ͽھң
纣Ϣش𣬵ҲʹʱҶͷ׹͵˸һ£СлԪ׾ͼͻأλĺ¡
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˸ŵλǱ򴸺һ㣬һͷʹӵͿȥ
һλãһλΪԵţСлԪ׵ĺ£ֱӻ˽̼˸Ĳ˻
״ոմ˷Χһ
һоشһǰһʵҲ̫ǿ˵ɣ
ҲʱӹҶһƮ˾е˾ĴԺ
ҶԴ羫ͨӣɲǷطһֵط
ԣⲿȻգҶٶȣȴûκӰ졣
ͬһɲǣСлԪľҵԪھӴ
ͬʱѪɫľѶʹӾе˾𣬳˷
ͬһʱ̣صĽͳɶӳɶӵĴӾӪڳʼֵ
Ѳ˾Ѳ񽫣Ѳԡ̽̽·һյĸвѵһ
ԭƽˮأ˲Ϣͱε̶Ѩ
ܿ죬Ϣ޵һ㼱ӵҶ档
ʵնһ˿̻Ϣնһ㼱ӵҶ档
һɲǣҶǰգ׵ѿ·һɫУ˺նҶ棡


2077 ʮ
ۿҶҪͻأֵ˺顣
Ҳڴ˿̣ҶһŤ£ƾճֵУȻǳĴҶԵ
һУǲҶĶ߿ɹġ
һĻոΪֵɴһ۾Ĳ˼֮ɫ
صҶһССĵڶ·Ѳʹ϶ǲģҶ֪ģǶǿꪳɳ
ԣҶԼʲô˿̵ʱж౦
Ӿе˾óɲǣҶͽԼ˼״̬
ٶȣԪǸطͨ
Ҷ鲼صѲǵʵжǿ󣬶ǽȷֲ
ԣҶڵһʱ䣬ͽ¾պ֮УܱеκβӲҶĸӦ
ûκ׵Ŀռ֮УҶĸӦУλεĵһɵǰӦ
ҶȻܿˡ
ҶٶȣûκͣļԼĿĵأʩչһ㡣
һ߿յռһһ˸ʹƾʧ
һɲǣμͻأĴҶǰ׵Ŀռǰ̽ɾλ̽ɲǣСлԪ׹׼ĺ˸ո˺ѿС
һʹ⧲λٴβҺһֱӱ˿ռв㡣
λǱޱȵĴӿռвлתʱҶ̣Ѿڳͨʳǵĳſڡ
λɫ䡣
Ҳڴʱ˳֮⣬ǧ˽ӻʳԵľӪ˹ͨ
״λؽʧһ
ǣһɲǣλʧ۾صɵıͭ廹۵ľ֮ɫ
ͼҶһ㣬ɫһսǿΪ߾ĽľȻޱȵĻ
һֻĿҶδӹͨӹ
ӽУξһλǿߣȻٶȱҶĵشϰٱǾҶԽɲǣ˫ĿⱩ䣬ʵʵһ˫նҶ档
ֹ
ŭУУξ˫Ŀе֮նʼ
Ҫ֪صձݣǱ󷨰ٱļǿ
˵һĵǿߣǶİ벽컯Ҳ޷ƿصĿռݡ
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ң˫ĿĵٶҲ쵽˼㡣
˲ϢͳҶ
ۿվҪҶڣɫĹ⻪ƾҶ汳ը֣˲ǧٲˮܡ
Уξ˫Ŀʵʵĵ£С˲Ϣ͵ľľܿʼɿı
һϢ֮⵶ͳ׵Ķľܡ
ǣһϢ֮ҶѾʮ֮⣬ӽ˴صĻʳǸ
ۿҶҪػʳǳţһڽͷ׷ѲǶŻˡ
Ȼ˵ʹдĽĸҶǾԴȥġ
ǣֻҪҶһ˻ʳǹţǾǳײ˹ǾЩ˵ʧְ
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ǱܵģʹŽУξҪҲһɲǣҶ̰һΣȻޱȵתִﵽ˻ʹǰŵһɢŵѪѪɫ޹ǰ
죡
̤뾪ѪɢѪⷶΧڵɲǣҶϢرģ
ͬһɲǣϾµĻʹУξĽеǸɱ˻ȥ
ڳʳǳͨһѲ񽫻бҶһУξϵҲ
ܻʳǣɭޱȣκ޹ʽӽʳʮ׷Χ
ײʳǹߣ
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⾪ģҶеĿꡣ
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ҶľٶоϵѪɫ˲ʾ԰ֽ˵壬ƵĲ
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ͬʱڳǵĸ鸮ԣ׷ɫޱء
ûע⵽ģҲܹܼæ˲Ϣɽ
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κˣֻҪܹ쾪ģܾʥʼ¡
ƣąȣλӱͷ飬Ӽĵˡ
ǣͬʱء
޹쾪ߣ
ԩŶÅȾߣ
漰쾪ߣ

ܵĹһʮֳƾʮ
˼ǣĲܹõģôĹأһΪʵǱŵҲΪ˴ܵ۹Ƥ
ǴԩһҲǴܵ۹Ƥ
ǾƵ죬ʹŴܻܻΰֻܻôܾ޹⡣
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£죬γʧ֮


2078 ƥС
̲͢һôʼ¡ɫԺת
ʵҲһִͳ
죬Ǵܾ棬ǻʵ۵ҪǱˣ͵ܵˡ
ԣ̲һ
ʼ¡һ̬ȡΣ̲鶼Ըûʵۺͳ͢ÿһ㡣
죬ԩҲñǰʧ֮ȵλ룬尸֮
ԣ̲͢Żһ࣬ñǱУҪʵ۱̬ȡ
󣬴ةҴҸϵ˻ʹ鷿ŵĵһ£̲͢һñ
Ҳһֱ̬ȡ
֮ǰûʵ۵汻򣬲Σܵøʵһ߲
ڣͿ±Ӱж
ʼ¡ҲԶ̲ة棬ٲ̫ѿ
飬صһڳس׷׸ϵ鷿
Ҳʱһֱû¶Ĵڼܹ㳯ҴҸޱȵĽһŵ˴ʥӼ¡ǰ
Ŀһɨʵ飬رùŹޱȣɻĿ⿴㳯
㳯æ˵ͷҲżɻ
ģҴҸһسЩ㲻ˡ
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ҴܶԺ°ٹ٣о˾϶Ժ״оز¡ָҶָһ·
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Ϊ˭֪ҶҪȥҾָ˵ʲô˵ֲ˵ġ
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ҶѰ˼ôӦʱͻȻһƵĹٵصȴռ˾ݺݵһٴȨȣˡ
ƥ򣬱ϣֹûʵĻǣǾʲôԣԼ֪
ҶСָ˵ֹǳ̫߳˲пܣ
ھǰ˵ŪɵذɣĭĽŭ
ƥ㣡
馱༸仰첱Ӵ֣쭶
ϵʼ¡ȴһǲߡ
ûһǲŪĵģµǰѾˣֻһֱûзˡ
ȥɾͶˡ
ʱģ·źڼܹ㳯ݸҶһɫ
붮ҶæǰΪұһǧ˰Ա˾ʮѪƴħĺö
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ұ˾ĶɣѪжԸħѪƴΪңԲԸⱻСݺ±ã˾ģΪΪұ˾
Ҷһе˾˾оصͰˡ
˭Сˣ
Сˣ


2079 С
ҶǰʥõĻһþһԾΪ׵ľɫ䡣
ֵǰ£඼ǳûʵСΧĸıʹãͷ򣬻ڳǵӰ췶Χ֮ڡ
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һˣ馾ٴγУ£һԵɣҶһ֮ǣҪԱµ顭
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һֱδڵֹͻȻͿˣ񱱺˾ѽħսЭΪǾĵѽʧҶ˾ġ
ҪԱµ飬ȵ˾Ҫʧˡʱ򣬾֮£Ա˾ﵱ
ֶΣе˾˾һް
馱ֹԣؿھֱѪ
ոտڽ飬ֻʱѺһѺȻƴãû뵽ֹһ仰ͽָоرָʹߡ
ƫƫҪǣֹ⣬硣
£Ϸ
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񣬾Ȼѱ˾ӲҪ˾ϳʧھ
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2080 θ
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ǶԾʥӵĳͷҲ壬Щûµľ쾪ġ
ңΪͬĻػͬͨƽֻһޡ
һޣҲҪˡ
ҶĽ۷ǿߣٻػޣ
ÿһػޣ൱ڽǿߵȫһ
ٱ޳ȥҪǻһĽǿߣҲˣеɱġ
Ϊٻػޣκ˶ֻӲţܶ
þĵģڻػ±ɱģ֮һ
Ҷɣ̵̲Աߴһ
Ҷȴǻͷ˸ԶĳֹЦ㻹Ȼȥɡ
õңû¡
ٻػޡҵġ£ҲΡֹԥ˵
Ҳ¡ҶЦ
ֹЩˣΪʲô£
һԵ̲ԱЩסˣæһ䣬£ػޣҪȥס
ȥףֹƺʲô
ſЦҶ棬ֹε뿪
ո뿪һڽҪҶȥʱֹܻһƿҩҪǳŲסˣͳһţ
̵ĹԱ̵ĽĽ֮ɫû뵽һﾹȻܹõֹµĹġ
֪ǲԭ򣬽ٻػУҶģ⼸̵Ľַ
ҶƨϳĻĽһڽĿɿڴ
⻹ǵһμǿһٱޣȻûгӡӡ
Ҷĺ壬ҲǸǵġ
ҶĺαǿȿƷػ൱ڽǿǿߵȫһ˲Ҷ档
ֻ֮ҪͨҶվǲǿҲ˲Ҷ档
Ǻǿ֮
ֻǣҶصΪҪٽһҪĸߵȼ徫ѪΪ
һΣҶõצľѪϣ͸ˡ
ʱ֮󣬼̵̲Աһ̽һŸûһ˵Ҷ棬Ŀɿڴ

ػʹůڣʼ¡ȴˮѲ˾˾Ԥڼܹ㳯վҳ
оأ˭ָʹӺ˾ģʼ¡ʵ
£оأǰεģܸɾ˾Ԥ˵
£ؼصУоλλӵܽӴҲֻǽӴʱ֪˭ָʹ㳯˵
У
ʼ¡ЦǶҶΪжд̰
ߣãȻǶΪжд̣޾ƫԸ
סӽ𣬷ҶͶһҪڵһʱ޻ر⣬ħս֣չһ£𣿡
ף
ūף˾Ԥ㳯ͬʱӦ
ٻػ֮Ҷ沢ûлתһǰ˾е˾
ʱ죬Ҷٴεִе˾һھе˾ԱҶģͬһ
̶̰ʱ䣬ֵ췭ظģ˭ܲ¡
Ҷ濪ڣĿǰе˾˾ΪҶһС
ʮ򱱺˾ĳе¼ףӡĺŷݲڰʱ֮ڣȫҶ
õЩҶȴûһ˿һɸС
֮ǰĵѣʵֻһθˣҶı˾֮ǵִħս֮ΣգŻ٣


2081 ڡ
ηħսЭһͷβı
԰ڣֹŰٻػ޶ûһҶ棬еľϲԽԽ
ıҲãıҲգħսϣô£ϵĹأҪصġ
ʱжʮҵҪܹʲôҶһš
ʮҶչ¶˵ҶԲʮ
ħսϣȷʵйأǣϾ£һû˹أĿһˣΣ㶼ҪСġ
ǲȥˣҴѡһǧӢǼǸһ㣬ڹؼʱ̣ȴܹþӵսɱɱ
ңЩŬ£ػʵѾʵֻҪںĴ½ΧڣԷӳǿĵһΣգ㾡ԷĶá
Ҷ滺˵ͷ
⣬ͨش˾̵ɱ޴İ֧ƼƷķʸʹãõĺãǻһ֧˵ľӣпܡ
ħսǱдļ˾Ѿпɿߣкؼʱ̣Ȼ㡣

ڶеɷһֹһһϸĸҶ潻Ҷǲסһ
Ҫμһ㣬Īǿӣױáһħսǿһ볯ȫһĵء
ԣӣһգĪҪͷֻЭѣ¼ضѣƽҪֹٴζһΣ˵һ䣬ͶĶҶ˫ۣҶ˫СֻУõ϶Ĵ𰸡
Ҷ׳ֹҪĴʲôͷ룬Ŀ⻹Ǳޱȼᶨ
Ϊͷ¶棬ҶΪж
һֹʱͼˣ˵ʲôȴҶİס硣
ģ֪ħսԱһħսҵĻᣬܲõ۶˵ƣֹȻһһС

ΨоЩ˳׵ı֤ͣ۹⡣
˵ţҶصİ˰ֹ磬ǣҴӦ㣬һƽ
Ҷصĵͷһᣡ
˵꣬Ҷת뿪ΨгֹվֱҶӰѾʧĿûжþò
ʵЩҶںֻں㡭ֻƽ
뿪֮Ҷ汾ֱӻתҪħսȻǧͷ飬ɡ
ǲ飬ȴҪҶ
Ҷո뿪ûãյһѶ
Ѷݺܼ򵥣ҶȥѲ˾һˡ
Ҷ̧ͷһķƵգĿһ˿Ȼ
մյ˷ѶѲ˾صƿǹǿġ
ҶƣѲԡѲ񽫡ܹÿһ˵ʵʱ
Ѳ˾صãҶᳵ·ûã͵ִѲ˾á
ִ֮󣬾רȺҶǰѲ˾õ
ԽԽ٣Ҷ汻һϰ󷨷ԺߣͽһĴ
ߣȺҶģȻһü۵С̫࣬ҶЩ⡣
ˣҸһָڻߵĶײҪá
˵꣬С̫˫ָҶһָһȻĪĴʧˡ
Ҷ澪֮࣬Ԫ˷йȥ¶˺Ȼ֮ɫ
ȻûзС̫뿪ʧġ
ңҶԪȻûӷһ˿һĲϢ·С̫ûһ㡣
ҶͷɵȻѲѡ
磬Ҷ治֪ͨطһҪССġ
Ҷ潫Сĳöָ֮С
ɲǣҶͣͶؾÿȥһţͷˡ
ʲôָһ⣬Ҳһľ⡣
Ŀǣһܼܷ·һ㴣
ɫͿװ·һΣضĻƣȥȴܸӦһɱ⡣
Ҷ澪ȵģȴĿʽ
Ҷұ֤ǰûκεطھе˾չʾһϵе󣬶ûģ
Ҷ֮ǰսнɻǼɫ󣬸ӵ䣬Ϣӵ׺
ŵɢűϢ
ܿģҶڵһϷһ
ڶʮĴָĽ棬ĿǰװĵڶʮָĽͣɣʱ̵Ϣ
ͬʱװһƷʯ֧ʮη䡣
Ŀǰûװκξӡ
ڡ
ܣҶЩ𾪡
ܵľеڲϵзеģƵʣҲǽܻһ
Ҫ֪Ҷ汱һټǴܵĵʮŴͣһεļʱ䣬ҪϢ
ⶡڡֻҪϢ˶ʮ
ҶѾ޷ˡ
һңⶡڡҶ汱ӵеϣʮһ˺ü
ҶǰǸϵ󣬾ͿһĽǿˣ֮£ǽǿҲ⵽ش
ڣⶡڡ󣬾Ȼټܣ
Ҷ¿ĶڡϱߣȴûҵɱһӦҪ֡
ɣо֮󣬾Ҫֲ̽ϸߣ
ⶡڡ̽ĵطȴȫĨȥˡ
ҶͷһݣΪ֮һ
Ƕڡ󣬰׵Ķʮ֧ʸҲȫûн
ټ֮ǧɫѪ鱬ħ
ͬģ鱬ħҲڴܾӻûװĴеǵʮʮߴָĽ͡
Ҷ浱￤ɻ鱬ħֻǵʮģ
Ҷһѫ屦ڵ鱬ħҵڣҲǵʮĴ鱬ħ
ҶǼ鱬ħǰѪɫıΪѪ鱬ħҲ
ңװʸԭһʮʸһʮʸ
װϻҲӵļ㣬ʿԽװʱ֮һ
𿴸Ľ󣬵ʵ壬ȴʮش
һǧ鱬ħ󸲸ȥʸͻǧ֧ټ鱬ħ൱ƾټ鱬ħ
װʱСԭ串ĵʱ䣬֡
սϣÿһССܶ˵Ǿһսʤ
ǧ¿Ѫ鱬ħ󱳺ȴɽһѻߴֻϻ
ֻϻ֮󣬻źļСоҩ
˲Ϣ䣬ЩǴɽһѹҶͷ
ϡûװĺеǺõģ


2082 Ѫ
ڼܹ㳯תҶľеֻдսʽľеǧƷס
Լ˵ҩִΧ÷
ҶԵĹһ£Щսٿװʮ˵ľš
Ϊܾƣһʮ˵ľţһټܡ
Ǻɴ˾ӳּĸԲͬʸֵ˵޷
˺ľеڼܹ㳯ŪǣԲҡ
ҪǱ㳯ȨƣҲᱻʳ塣
ǴܽδװľеֹûӰ
ô£ֻܳһ˵⡣
ʥʼ¡
Ҳֻλʥӣ
ûλʥӵͷõ㳯Ĳϣ㳯Ҳ顣
㳯ΪֹԭһֱҶչмӣԭΧ֮ڡ
ôʥʼ¡£ĸոҶ˺սԾеҪʲôأ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ;еĴָù̲ѣ̩ɽ
һɲǣеѡҶ뽫ЩȫӳȥȽսҶʱҲա
ô꣬Ҷһλ൱ˣ˼ҶٵĺôҪӦļֵ
λԼˣ˼һĺôҲҪ˼ʮǰٱĺôС
ҶģʾãҪҶĽࡣ
ǣⷽ棬Ҷûоܾʸ
ϸ̵һᴢָڵԴҶԽԽľ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷͷһڹ⻪һѲ˾˾Ԥһ֮ǰƾʧǸС̫һ׵ƾճ֡
ǣȾ˰ɣԤΪ˾죬ҶǰǺ͵ġ
ôᣬ֪ǰк·ԸҶйоصʵ
˾ԤЦЦҲûʲô£һβҪħսϷò׶Ѳһӣɲˡ
ϷţôҲҪһѡŵ
˵䣬˾Ԥóһöָߵݱ˵ϷҲûʲôģѲ˾ڵֶޡ
ԣϷһǧѲѪ飬ʮѲѪ飬һ֮սϵǿһ㣡
Ѫ飿Ҷ涸صһ
˾ԤЦȻУ
䣬ڴ˵еĶʵǴڵģණҪﵽһĲβܽӴ
Ѫ飬Ѳ˾ڣҲھ
ҶкȻ֮ɫŨ
Ѫ飬˵ϹŵһطͨڷҩԽһ߱Ϊս⡢սͲ걾ԴȫŨΪһѪ顣
ֻ֮Ҫͬ߷Ѫ飬ͿڼʱӵǰŨѪڵΪ
һٳɸֵط
ֻٳֶγɾ͵ĸ֣պ֮·ϵ߼ֹͻЩ󾳽ʱ
һǧѲѪ飬ʮѲѪ飬ʹŽҶһǧλѲԺʮλѲ񽫡
Ѳ񽫺ѲûֶΣԿԷӳá
Ѳ񽫣ǿԶһĵǿγ塣
ǡ
Ŵ˾ԤݹĴָҶȴþòȥӡ
ǰ㳯ĺսԾед˾ԤĿƾƷѪ飬Ҷ濴ʼ¡ҪҶΪҵĽడ
ҶڣɻΪء
ҶþòӴָ˾ԤҲգеĴָŵԵСϡ
Ҷ棬Ѿ뵽ˣ
ǰ°³еµΣ
ҿɣ˾Ԥĺȵ
ԣҶȴǲˡ
Ҷ治ǲɵ
ԣʱ򣬻
ʶҪİŵļƻ漰飬жֲ
ҶСϺףһãͻᱻ̵ͷӶʣ¡
ģ㲻Щħսͻˣħսǿĵ̣ù˾
Ҷϼһ˿ȿ޻ҪѿЦݣǴˣ°˲Ҫµ˱µĴƣ
ߣ˵ף㻹
£ʰ֮ҪȻҪ֧ʹ㣬һּ飬͸˺ı֮
˵ףǰ㡣
ԼɣϷȡּպħսűµּ⣿˾Ԥֱ˵ĸҶѡ
Ҷɫˣ⻹еõѡ
ħսٽʊ¡ּ⣬ɾĿˣڽʵּĺá
ѡּҶһΡ
Ͷ
˾ԤЦŽװѪĴָݸҶ档
ʺ񣬶㻹Ǻܰϧġ
ҶҧҧͻȻ俪ڵˣһҪ󣡡
Ҫ󣿡
˾Ԥü˵ɣҪ̫ףҪ֪Ѿ˶Ļ֮ˡ
Ѫ徫Ѫ
Ҫ徫ѪҶ˵
ԣ˾ԤͻˣϷΪʲô£徫ѪС£ϷͿ
һͰһͰӦѪǲ׷һ
ˣҲҪӦѪǶûãҪצֻ̫ľѪ
ҶĻ˾Ԥһ㿪ʲôЦأ̫ľѪצѪϡĸƵġ
ǣֻƷ׵徫ѪŶãӦѪڱҲǿ򵽵ġҶ油
ˣֻһҪ󣡡Ҷٴǿ
⡭˾Ԥ¶ɫϷҲҲգϷܸȣȥһʡ
ͷˣ
Ҷ֮ǰצľѪú˵أαأͿ꣬壬ʱҶǿȣֻɱɱ
ң̫źĴУһ꣬壬ҶͻӵĳЩ̫Żӵеͨ˵
צ壬ÿһǿޱȣϴ֮лצһζˡ
ʱڣҶҪôĸƷʵ徫Ѫѹûлᡣ
Ǵʼ¡ȴֲһ
ܵ۹ĺ⼸ʮеʲô̶ȣ¾Ǵʼ¡Ը
ʼ¡ҪҶҶûһʣҲͿܲˡ
ȻҲҶ浨죬ҪǻˣҲûһء
˾ԤһΣȥһʱŻ
ûĽöָӸҶ棬Сãõ˱ͷ£û뵽¾Ȼͬˡ
һͰϹѪһͰצѪһͰצѪǻʹܹóļˡ
ϹצԽԽ٣ܹնľѪҲԽԽ٣ڵĴҲˣ㲻֪ϷȥȡʱбĴ̫࣬ɿˣ˾Ԥ˵
ҶԴϲ


2083 
ҶԭֻõһצѪû뵽ȻϹľѪֱ֮ϲ
һҶĺ壬˵ܽһˡ
ȻҶףʿϸ⿰޼۵徫ѪҪҶ£϶ǧѡ
ǣҶ治ãѶҲή͡
ԵģҶȫˣȻپȥƴ
ҶĳеģҲԲɵΪܾҡ
õ˾Ԥϵװ徫ѪĴָҶЦĺϲ£ˡ
ҶҲǻµˡ
ʹó徫Ѫ֮һݸ˴˾ԤˣµСС⣬Цɣ
˾ԤЦЦĿҶһۣݺݵĸҶһǱǱ´͸ĶϷɲ֡
ТϣϹľѪϷʮͰľˡ
Ǵ£ҶЦȴѪʮͰϹľѪɱһͰצľѪֵ߰ٱֹ
ؼǣϡ
û˾ԤĴڶҪĶıжϡ
˾ԤƺǿҶ氵ʹģϷûĺôŽڵѲ񽫵Ѫ飬Ҳ˳ˣ˵ϷƤǳ
Ҷһ۾Цĳ
ֵ
ֵ̫ˡ
ʮͰϹľѪλڡԶԿѲ񽫣ֵ̫ˡ
൱ڸҶƾλǿ߰
ôҪһﻥǣ´ָҶЦĺϲ£ˡ
ˣôҲˣʴˣµּʲôҪ΢ʲô飿Ҷɫʵ
ԣ˾ԤһЦּǵȴּͺãʱˣȻּ£㵽ʱִоͺá

˵꣬˾ٴƾʧֻ¾㵲ѵҶԭء
Ҷ滹֪ʵҪʲô׼
û뵽Ȼٻּ飬ƸѰ졣
µĺôûаúõġ
ҶȷһǣȻٻּôʼ¡ҪҶ£ħսйء

졢㡢İƜWŽTԡͫ顢ηɰסлθľʥʥԼĿǰ˧񡢹ʹüһá
ҶӵħսЭ֮ڱһι¶档
֮⣬Ҳģ׵ȶ
үĿǰѡħսʿ뽫죬Ѿȫѡ˳ʮʿ֮УΪһء
Ϊڿڵʿ䣬࣬ڵ࣬ڵģ࣬ʿ乲ࡣ
ͨ񾳵в㽫죬ĿǰˣĽֻǧˡ
Ƕʮʵ״̬⣬ʿΪڱͬս㱨ǿξƜW
үĿǰұѾ෽Ｏʮ裬Ǳһܹ˹ȥݡ
£ټħսĹӦ֮ڵݲõġ
Ѽ£ݲ⡣
⣬ͺŵʸѾǧ֧ϣﵽ˱սҪ󡣡ةż˵꣬͸Ҷһиʵϸݡ
Ǵ⡣
ݾеһ͵ĻһֻµĲ
ӱħսһΣҪꡣ
£Ҫ֧鲻ͣͣ㱱˾ġ
ǲκ¡
սڲһ⡣
⣬Ҷܿͽˡ
˶ԣһ⡣
ΪдָֻһģռҲޣǣҶڲĿռ䣬ǿǿһС磬Я㹻Ĳ
һ˵Ļ㱨һһʵⲻϵĽš
ҶָҪһһ
һħսЭ룬ͬһ㣬׼ҶҪ֡
εڣҲȷ֮
ӱǰħսҪ嵽µʱ䣬Ϊܵ⣬Ҷ潫оʱԤ߸£㹻ӦԿܵˡ
ⳡ飬ǳࡣ
ҶЩţҲȫߣһ򱱺ڶ·Ѳʹ
ⳡ飬糿賿ǽ
ҶԶľʥˣԡ顢ˡ
ʦηɰͫڼĵһʱ䣬ʹųȥȥˡ
һҶһͷǳͷ⣬һʦͫ˿ԼĿ⣬ҶһҪߵĸо
ĿǰҶȴϾᡣ
ֵܣħսǿһµʿʵǲ˵ɣҪô죿ɢ֮󣬾ʥֱ˵˵
Ҫһ֧
ʥʥƺʥͬʱգգ۾ħսȻˮϵȴ޷ɴˮ塣
ңħսѲܣˮҲ޷롣
ɣ֮һˮһ֧ǧҵˮ壬פĴɣʥ
Ҷȴǻҡҡͷڰ׼Խ࣬չ¶ʵԽ࣬ҵĵˣõͻӵǿ
ԣҪһ֧ڰеĵ˲֪
ǡ
δħս飬λ粻ùܣҪˮ徫񡣡Ҷ˵
ôˮĲ˵˶࣬˵򣬾ʮû⡣ʥ
ʮ򣿡
ҶЦͺãٶˣ𡣡
ˮ壬ΪԽǿʳԽ󣬴ޱߣʳȻݡ
ħս͵ȫҶ湩Ӧˡ
ҪǴʮˮƳԶܹҶ档
ãǻѡʵǿ󣬵ʳֲ̫Ķǣ֧ʹʥ˾
Ҷͷ֮࣬һ֣ͽոմʼ¡Ļʹ֮е徫Ѫ˳
ЩצľѪˮʵڶʱڴߡ
ҶĿǰԣһͰצľѪһͰצľѪЧá
ң徫Ѫ壬д档
ԣ顢ԡҲǸзݡ
צľѪצľѪҶóͰָˡ
ʣ¾ʮͰϹľѪҶҲóʮͰÿ˷Ͱ
Щþʥʥƺʥǵʵڶʱڷ
ʣµʮͰϹľѪͫηɰסСèһ֣ҶԼõģҲʮͰѡ
ͳȥô࣬ҶһҲۡ
ЩֵܵеĳһˣҶŻʹ飡
ˬЩ徫Ѫʥ˳Ҷһֵ֣ܣϻ˵ˣ֮ټ
˵꣬˾ͻһˮ˲ʧ
µԡ㿴ңҿ㣬ٿլ鿪ڣֵܰҪغլˣֵܽƴƣһݣ
飡
ͨۻһžƨɣҲˣʱСҶӲţ
ҡⲻҶֵܷ𣿡
ͷ
ٴθһţһ顢˲ϢԶȥ
ֵܣҹรɣ
Ҷ濴źլüͷˡ
һǳȥһˣ˸ӸϱкӵĻûʽɼأȶһߡ



2084 Ż
һݶϣԡһ˱һ˶ľ̳ʱʱĺݹ༸ڡ
˵Ŀ⣬ʱʱҶԺ򿴡
ͨۻԣͣĿźԺ򣬼ֱץ㰥ô򰡣
ʱӦֱͫԳβӰСҶӵĲƸ׳
Ǹηɰף½ʱҲǸӣӦСҶǧ˰ٽģȻڲϿմ֣СҶӼм䣬ҲˣӦݵϷ밡ǲźÿְ
Ϊʲôûأⲻһʧ
Ϊʲôòͻؿˡ
ǲ˽Ů˰
˽⣿йŮ𣿡
̵һ仰·סͨۻԵĺһֱ
һԵ鿴Եćֲ֧Ц磬ЦˡŮ˶û˵˽ŮˣЦҡ
һɲǣĴЦȻֹһ߳һһ㣬˲ûӰ
ԣģƨһһԱɽһҲǱﲻסЦ⡣

ڶһ磬ԺǿҪӵע£Ҷ洺ĴӺլһɡ
ҹûҶǰѹ෴ģǳ졣
ηɰ׸ͫȻõĸһˡ
ҶģƤһ㣬ͬҲпܵġ
ȻҶŮõĸһΪҶΪŮƽ⣬ΪҶ濼ǡ
Ҷ漴̤ħսǧͷǿɲΪҶΪ·ա
ͬʱҹһҪľ

Ҷ֮ǰҪͫת½
ԭܶࡣ
ǰȫ⣬Ҷһαħսٻһ룬Ҷûڵ£дģϮԵֵס
£ûеģϮĿ꣬ǺͫͲһˡ
峤ͿУҶĵУͫļֵޱȵľ޴
ΣҶһֱûŮÿһλת½Ҷɷ򸾲֪Ҫ߶ٴΡ
ĹѪϲЦտ
ǾТ
ͫת½һҶĸĸ֮⣬Ϊá
ͫչ˴ģԣͫȥһ̡
Ҷ滹ʱ䡣
һˣȫ˧죬ҶҪʱ䣬Ҳƶѻɽ
ҵǣʱռ䣬Ҷƾ˴ʱ䡣
壬ѡʵѡѪʹѲԺѲ񽫡
ò˵˾ԤһѲԺѲ񽫵ǳļʱ
Ҷǰǳĵģ뿪֮󣬱ܻʲôӡ
ǣڣһѲԺѲ񽫵Ĳ䣬Ǳħս䣬÷ǳԣ
һǧѲԣҶߴ룬ҲܹȵӱķʮѲ񽫣ǽڵѲ񽫡
ȻЩҪƵİ尲š
ԭѪɾһѲԣҲҪʱ䣬ǳĽš
ʱռڣЩò⡣
ЩҶҲҪǰ̫õһӦԴȫǿʵ
ЩƤëҶַҲƳǧƷ
ı壬Ķڰɸ£Ƥ㹻ƳɰǧļС
ҶõʥʥƤһҪǿҶϸ֮£ԿԵõǧƷס
Ҷȴ
ҶĿǰûԴҲûƺ鱦ǿĵһƷܳŲ˶ãͻữɷɻҡ
ҶһʦΪ֮ѪķʽƳʮƱ̬ʥ
Ǿ˷ѣ
ԭһ׼ľʥƤܽѪԼĵرͿƳһƷƷס
û취ʥƤƷ㲻ƣķһ£Ҳܷӳ˵ķ
Ҷ㣬ĵӷƳԵֵǺڵǿȫһĴʥ
һ㵲סкڵǿߵȫһǾ͵㡢㡢ʮ㡣
ӷһ㣬һ㣬ֻܴϣ޷սģҲǿԵġ
ʮƤĴʥܶܣҶҲƸʮ档
顢ԡǧ̵ˣÿ棬ؼʱ̣ԿԱ
ǰ峤Ϳǰʼ¡ʱ´ٻּҶҪܵĽ׼ĳһ㣬ٳһ㡣
ǰǰæµһµʱ䣬൱ڹʮµʱ֮Ҷһʱ䣬ʹźͫҶĸŮԡ顢תһ½
ǰЩ֮ǱҪ
ٴλѾʮ֮ˡ
ʱ仹жʮ죬Ҷ棬æµˡ
֮ԡ顢˵飬Ҳó˲١
ԭΪƾңӦÿԸ
û뵽Ѿ;ƿݣҿȴ޷Դ֮
һΪȱͿҪϨ͵ƣҾǵͣ£ȥͿ١
;ƿݵ̫оҪչˣٶͣҲ޷ˡ
ֻܰȻĵȴļ
ҵǣкͫ飬гڲ̫࣬į
顢ԡԼⳡսͶת½һ̡
ʮʮһգУ䳡Ѫ졣
һͷͷţУƷϣ˾üնɱ
һڳ¼ǣ°ɫļۣһŤţֵڡ
Ǵǰļ죡
ӴУ⣬ˡˡ׶ңңĶԼжδУˮѾӯ
˵жȡܾλǣȴҲһǿݡ
̤ѪʬǵģߵѪʬǣе˵ģͬŵġ
Уգһ˲صĿ¡
Ҳ֪˭ҵСӿһʱǴ˱˺һ㣬У
źµľʱըëˡ
죬ɲǼס
бһ죬һھپ˳ЩĸС
ҶĿһεˮӿЩеıӾȻͱ̶˰УôҲ鲻ȥ
֮飬°ɣ
̾ϢһҶͻȻУ
Ҷ棬иĸ޶ҲСݣμӹսȻ֪ĸܡ
ճ˧˵ұ˾նң˵ұ˾ն
˧ֻǶһĿ꣬Ϊһˣ˱ɱеı⣬ģҪţŻ
Ҷһ֣ʮʯˣʱֱţ
Ż


ɱУһӶʿ̤ʽͳһۣһ


2085 鷳Ҷ
ۣҲۣǴܾоҪֶΡ
ҪȻһȺΪûдﵽʿ䣬ķ;о
˵ģӱִĺԭϹŲپҪһµʱ䡣
ڶʮдǿײิ޷Ԥϡ
ȷǣһ֣ǻҡ
ЩͿʿ䣬ΪڶĽȻеٶȣǺܿġ
һײȥǹǶϽۡ
ңһ֧ӵоٶȣȡٶǸ˻Ǵ󲿷ʿٶȣȡٶʿ䡣
ԣǴн÷ʽ
׿Ҷıԭеķۣܾһθ˾䱸˧ңһǱá
ÿ䱸һҽۣһõʮң˾ھƣֻʮˡ
ģȫǱۡ
䱸Ǵʮǰװ߾ıۣһұۿһǧ˱׼ţһͳ
б׼ٶȣÿʱٶÿʱ
ʯṩҲפʿṩÿһʿ
ųɾŵ£ʿ䵱ṩַͻָ
ҪȻôȫʯģ;еĻ˵Ҷ棬ǷرҶʮĹҲԲ
ۣһǧ˵ţڴܵľ֮Уֻͳ˧˵ľ˧ſӵнۡ
б׼ٶÿʱٶÿʱ
˧ۣһֻһͳ˧ĳž䱸һҡ
ܣˡ
Ͼ콢Լװ
ܾ䷢Ҷģһǧ˵֮⣬б׼ʱÿʱ
ٶȣѾﵽ˵ǿߵķٶȡ
ǲĵ£ٶԿһͳ˧ѵзǿߵսԾɱ
ңġ
󲿷ͳ˧ŻȵĸװǿԼ콢ۡ
Ҷ֮ǰе˧ۣͱƴֵװһͿ
ͨʱٸߴʱٸߴʮﲻ˵ڲռʮλ
㹻£ǵǿߣûаʱǺ䲻ķġ
·Ҷʹðˡ
ʱҶ滹ʵʵžµĳۡ
ƻðʱ䣬ӱϵԭȻúԭϹŲŲħսĺ󷽡
мŲʱ䣬ͬԼҪµĸµʱ䡣
ΪʹϹŲǲһ
ڴʹõϹŲ󣬶ǴϹʱڲġ
仰˵Ѿʧȥ²ֳԶ볬ģϹŲ
άҲЩˡ
Ȼ˵ϹŲŲʱظʮˡ
ϹŲΪɹˣܾ޷޸ˣ£˭ҽϹŲ󿪵״̬
һ붼ҡ
ڵϹŲһԵŲޣһˡ
ҶĶʮҪŲƶʮΣһŲٰʱ㣬ҪЩϹŲݵŲһһҹɡ
ǣÿһϹŲ󣬶ޱȾ޴ҵֵ
Ϊһ֧ӷһʱ䣬Ǵۿɾʹˡ
ܾɣ˳оֻʥּľӣӲʱʹϹŲ
ÿʹãóĸʱһֻҹ䡣
Ҫǣֻ涨ޣȴûй涨ޡ
˼ʹüʱøݸٻִϹŲѲ˾Ž档
ߣеϹŲ󣬶ݳǵġ
ʮֱӿݳǣžҲطϽޱȣҲһϾܰ顣
ֳһϹŲðʱ䣬ǿġ
Ҷоƻͨԭ֮󣬱˾ҪŲƣִܵħս󷽡
ҶģǾĽԼʱ䡣
Ȼ˵ڱڣǴһΣ֧ӾͿʼЧת
оǷǳܹĥӵġ
һͷǳСɣֻһֻСӵĳۣɢ˷
⻹ֻǳֶΣɷİͳһѲԡѲҲɢ˷
˷ĶһһҶ
׼ȷ˵
Ҷ淢֣һһǳϸĲı١٣ŶһҲŴľ顣
һԻһϾԼҶ½ĳıԵ˵ĸ
ҶԸɴ˦ƹ
ȫ㣬Լڣ֮⣬֮ǰƻĸ׼ˣҶ涼ûɣʱʱ䡣
ȻҶҲǳ׵Ľ㣬һоɲܳʲôӡ
͡Сèڱ䵱У˶Ķ䲻ʱĳ鶯ţʱ̼ŷԲڵһж
һգʲôΣգǰԤ
ҷۣϰҳۣлһ⣬·һ㣬˺ԭķ
ԭߣҶĵ̣ԭãھը̣Ҳը
Ҷʹǰվ
ԣһվеޱ˳ڵִﺣԭ֮󣬽ʱ䣬ʮȫ˳ͨ˺ԭϹŲ
֮󣬻վϹŲ
ҶҲˣžľһѲ˾ͷݸֿƿ̵
ܵҶȥɡ
ңҶ⡣
֮ǰе˾˾Ҷ棬±ȥһλȨصɡ
Ҳû˸ҴҶùͷ
ҪǵѵĺˣҶոձԡҶӡļһٷֵǰĻǵԴɱȿеԴ׶ˡ
ԣȻдǡӹĿܹͨ
ʱһϹŲ󣬴ͨ˶ʮһ죬ʱ̵ģʮ졣
ִħս󷽵ҫϹŲʱֻ˰ʮʱ䣬ںԭϹŲĵʱ䣬ֻ˾ʮʱ䡣
죬ȼƻнʡ˽µʱ䡣
ΪֹҶ·Ѿĵ˽ĸʱ䡣
ӺĴ½ҫǳֻҪһ³ͷʱ䣬ͿԵִħսҶʱ䣬ܳԣ
ԣҶڵִĴ½ҫǵʱܺá
֮ԺãΪҶҪĳ˵鷳
ҶĴҪִħս󷽣һϹħŲƿɹѡ
Ҷȴѡ֮ø࣬ʱĺĴ½ҫǵϹŲ󣬾ĳ˵鷳ġ
Ҷ̫;ҫ磬תĴ½ҫǵʱ
ոմҫǵŲ̤ͱŲƷ͵Ԫ
ǡдԸħԳһС磬Ҷһͳ׵Ԫˡ
ҫǵŲⰵҶ棬ûҫʹԭܵͬ⣬Ǿ޿ܡ
ҶҫǾҿԭܵ鷳ġ
Ҷ涯ˡ
ǿԭܣҶеǰ취
ҶڵˣɴǼС۵ģ
һƣ۳磬ܵüĴȥ


2086 Ըԭ
ҾͶ٣ҫǧӪա
ӱԭϹŲĻҪԸҶˣҪ֣ҲûκλᣬǿҶĵ̡
Ҷ汼ħս󷽵ļϹŲ󣬶ԷܹʩչֶΣҲޡ
˾ǵҶ棬Ҷʱѡ
Ҷɵ˾е˾ӡù٣ҶӡƺҪҶĹԱɵ
ôĻҪԸҶˣʵĵطѳֵʱҶħս󷽵ϹŲִħս󶼶һ·̡
򣬾ҪʧھɱҶĻᡣ
ңħսȻƼܾΪǿĵط۶ҲȲϡ
ǣΪƼ̬ͱЩӡ
ܾϿᣬǾϿܹžΥ֮¡
ǰ߽ʿѹ޴ʱҲ˴֮ͦˡ
ǸˬһֻǷһѡ
뷨ˣܶࡣ
ԣħսȻƼÿʧٵľ͸ߴǧˡ
ʧٵģҲпħֵģҲпǲڵĿͽͱӡ
ͨڣĲ˵һ仰ǰħսԲʮСׯѾʧˡ
һЩǿ󻧣뱤Աеǿǧ˿ƵĹϵ
£ҶоʱϮҲͲʲôˡ
ºƳһ򷣾Ͼħսˡ
ԣҶôԭΪڳʱҫʹԭܵ鷳Ϊô׵õ״̬ӭܿܵΣա
ԭܣǻˣҶҪ鷳ȻĿŵǰǸûʲô
ҶֱӴӴӪʩչݣϢĶҫڡ
ҫǵʹתһȦҶ沢ûзֿԭܵӰ
ҶϢĶ˿ԭܵʹһ̰ͼ֣ʹãʮȥһΣϡˡ
ɾҶʩչݶ뼧ܵʹʱȴһ⡣
һŨޱȵѪɷ⣬ΪҶĶ˸
˲Ϣ䣬ʹ㱡Ѫɷ
ͬһɲǣٶʮǿϢҶڵķ򼱶ݶ
ͬʱʹڣ˼ޱȵľѶʹڵһɲǷ׷׾ľʿʹڵӪڳʣңһ˲䣬ʹɱ졣
龰ҶһһŲæĶصߡ
ڶݷϣѹԵƣûպеıһˣ˵ǴסҶ棬׷ҶҲܡ
ԣҶ˵ĺܴݡ
ǣҶ⡣
ԭһ
ġ
ҶǰݽҫʹĹģͲµҶҪ鷳׼
Ҫǣ£ﶼ֮⣬ܹ赲Ҷݵı󷨣ࡣ
⿪ԭܣȴҵһֲеѪɷԤ󷨡
Ҳþ˼ɲס
ҲһΣԭܹƻ궼챻ŵˣ죬ҶȡԴͬ̽ȡһ㣬ԽλȨ֮ˣԽ
Ҷ棬Ҳ᲻ϧһдı
ҪȻⱲӶ˯һȾˡ
ʹڵĴ͸ֹȻǰæһˣǵĶݷټҶڵΪԪΪǵǿߣҲܹ׷ѰҶټ
ǣûͣ
˵ʹҫҲʼȫǽϣҶЦѡ
ֶΣ
ԭǱŵĲᡣ
Ѫɷ⾯󷨣ҶҪʩչݶʹ·߲ͨˡ
ֻǽʹѣ£ѲҶ档
֮ǰʩչݣҶֻͼѡ
һҫʹΪͷһľŴ޹֮ҲİˣͷԵˡ
磬ʹܹܣոմ߲ɹ˴ʹϹ࣬ѺŴ󳵻һ˴ӺŽʹڡ
˭Ҳûע⵽λܹһŲ£ŵϾϢմһεĸЬףʹ
Ҷµûԭܻؽıõľ󷨣ֻЩμĶݷڶݷ֮û취赲ġ
һϳȻġ
Դӻõʦ½ĴУҶĿƣѾľ죬һͷͿԻ΢
Ÿʹܹܽŵ׵ģ΢Ҷ棬ռڡ
ܹ̤ʹûԶԪ鰢Ԫ΢һƣ΢͵ʹڡ
߶䣬Ҷ涸شռڳûӰԻͻһľϵԪԪʹڵĻ֮С
˲Ϣ䣬С߶ľͨҶ沨ʹ˷
ҫʹڵһΣҶ۵׼УʹѾҶûκˡ
ҶǣҶұʹȻûзֿԭܵӰ
ԭܲڣ
˵ʹܣԿԭǵСӣʱӦôʹڲźá
Ҷ汾ΪһˣȵϣҲû
֮£ҶеʹԺһƷĸߵִ·䡣
Ϣ֮СϢ壬Ԫ鰢Ƶֱִ̫µ֮ڡ
Ԫ鰢Ƶһϵͳþ˲Ϣ䷢
ûãҶ֪ҫʹԭܵ䡣
ʮǰ
ԭСڶʮǰҲǸոսӵҶı˾ҪͨҫǵϹŲ֮ʣûӰˡ
׽ĹܼңҲ֪ȥˡ
ܼҵǣҶı˾׵Զҫ֪֮ͨ
ȻСҶµ˼㡣
ҶЩˡ
ȻһĵõϢ֪Ҷˣǰܿˡ
ûڣҶû鷳
װȥҶɲԸ⡣
ӵԪҶǾһǲһڶǿɾ̫Բԭˡ
ʹڣҲûжֵҶߵĲƻ
ڻԭܵŮ£Ҷ滹
ûô
ʹڣ˼˰죬ҶͻȻͷ
ˣô죡
һĴȣ£Ҷٴ֮ǰķ뿪ʹ
İҫǧפı˾֮ʱͻȻʼӪ
ʱʮ򱱺˾ѸٰӪԶȥ
Ǳ˾Ӫ뿪ʱ䣬ʧ˽һµҫʹԭϢĳظլ
һͽʹ̫ܼҺѸ˹
ܼҺѸԼ˿ķأҲЩȣҲǾȶѡ
Լ飬룬롣
󣬡ԭܡóһ򣬵ݸ˴ܼҺѸȥڣϾͽ¸ʹף
һ򣬴ܼҺѸ۾͵ɳͭһ


2087 Ѳƶ
һ򣬿ԭŴܼҺѸĿɿڴ¶ޱȵΪ֮ɫ
һ£ܼҺѸЩѵ˵үЩװɣ
ʲôףҶڵ̫ûĿԭܣ¶һ֮ɫܼҺѸ
ԭܣǱ׼Ļ޷Ļӵܡ
竲˵ӵϲŭ޳ȫƾԸϲá
Ȼô£Ҳ֣ӵܣⷽ棬ɴء
£Ȼ޷죬ϲŭ޳ǶϣڱԼǿۺĴڣȴַǳʲôʲô
Ϊ֣ܼ֮ҺѸٴϸϸһ£Żڣүںү𡣡
үεˣȻЩ˽ʯҪ־ݣʵǡ
㶮ƨ
ҶĿԭܺݺݵһڣҲҲǿɱˣŸһƵĻᡣ
ܵѸԼ̫Ȼ⣬ԭµĽһ䡣
ҵһŴƵ·ĻرͶʮƷʯҲܻʮƷʯҲǶԱǮҪĸߣŻЩ˿ڣЩһ׬ǮĻᡣ
˵꣬ԭֳŴܼҺѸˣҲ٣Щִ£һҲ١
֪ЩһأһڱĸôѪؼʱٲֱ֧
ǿ߳һɱߣǾ͹ֲñҼɱˣ죬һ¸Ĺء
ܼҺѸԭ仰ŵĴһս
ͷһﶼźͿԭҫʹͷˮıô
һƨ϶ôɾ
ԭҪ飬˭Ӳ
ԥһ£ܼҺѸС˵үǾūȥԣЩ˸ǿ϶ģǲ֪ǻ٣
ԣԭܵ鶸رޱȣûκѫλ;ְͨʿˡ
ǣҫפǶξϣ˶裬Ʒͬʯһޡ
ǣһǧƷʯͳǧƷʯУξƷʯͳƷʯ˧ʮƷʯģͲøˡ
Ըǰһǳõְλ
Уҫе̻ģСʯǧƷʯ顣
裬ǣ֪ǱˣǶԸǣȥ٣ҿñô
ԭܵķԸܼҺѸϿɫŨ
ү
Ͱ˵ȥãϸƤ⣬ΪǷʯҫʹӡǴǷ
Լʮհɡ
ʮ֮󣬱ɵϢȫ黹ҶûĿԭ˵
ðɣū
ҧҧܼҺѸεĵ˵ͷү˵زˣֻȥˡ
ʲô̶ȣˡ
ʹӡڣŶӦúܸߡ
󣬴ܼҺѸȥٴαԭܽס
£Ҫҹȥ죬ԽԽãǼ⣬ɲˡЩ˲ף˵ոմӴ󶼶ⷢƵĺ£Լɡ
⣬ϴҫǵλ˧غͽ𿥣ҡҶûĿԭ˵
ѸЩ⣬ԼҺүƢǵϵͷܿʹ
Լһ֮ͳҫǴλ˧ظ𿥣һ֮ԣҴҸ
ˣ㼱ҵǰ֪кξ
ԭܲûϿڣȽҫʹӡŵǰߡ
ոմӴ󶼶һ׮׬Ǯĺ³֮˵ʮƷʯȥ֡
ʮƷʯظλ˧һۣЩĶҲЩ졣
˵ʵ˧ҫǵĵһҲ̸ʮƷʯĺô
´ԸͲˡ
ʮƷʯÿʮѾһʺܴĿˡ
ǣôˣҲ˽⿪ԭܣɴûôչ˹ǡ
ԭô˵һ鶼þɲ⵱бضй
ҶûĿԭܣȻ׶˵˼ʹӡֻҪ³ˣЩӦеĺô˵պǵǧǨӦǶġ
ģҲ͸¶һε飬ֻǿˣŴ󶼶ǱߵĸһɹԴԴϵ֮·ҪȻҲǿڡ
𿥸λ˧һԭܽ˵ˣҪٲʾʲôý룬պԭܿ϶ҪǴСЬǿ϶ûкӹ
ˣʱδܼѾ˵ˣÿݽʮƷʯ
˵ʵѾЩµȫˡ
ÿ궼棬ܵûȥ
ϣԭȴҡҡͷ˵Ĳ£Ҫ£õŽ𣿱һǸҲ𣿡
𿥸ӵĲˣ£ǻʾ
е
ҶûĿԭܴʱһеҪڣϣҫǳֵ֮ʿľепܹⷿȡľеȫóݽ
ʮ죬ʮ죬ͻȫµ
һ˴һˣ˽еǡɱͷ
˭˵˽еˣ
ֻ۾˽еˣ
ֻݽѣ
ңֻתʮ죬ʮ֮ͻȫװµģʮֻһ֧פء
˵˵˭֪
˵ҶûĿԭ۾һбĪ˸֦Ҫ߱£
ԭ˵λ˧ʱͽײ䷢ĵıģͲûĸˡ
˵ˣԭ˭
ħսĴ󶼶ԭλ塣
ڻ֮Уֹϵ࣬ԭԿԭܿɲһĺãҪȻƾſԭļһôҫĸ֮أ
㱳ֻҪǾл췹Եˣ˭ҵ￪ԭܣ
ǲˡ
ˡ뻪λ˧Ϊ֮Ȼԭ˵ô࣬飬ϵɴˡ
սɾеˣһ»·ǿͱĴ󰸡
ǣԭܿɲǹ˼Ļᣬһ䣬ŭȵ˵ɲɰɣ
ɵĻϰűˡ˵ľ˧λãв֪ٶ۾췢ˡ
뻪ص飬ʱͱû̿ޱȡ
ȻǾ˧λãǿԭһ仰ܳģǿԭܣȴ
ˣҲõģʵ£ʹӡǳһݾ
ңǵĺôҲٲˣͿ˰ɣ
ҶһҲ¯࣬һһ档
𿥸λ˧һۣӶԷпΡ
һģصĵͷˣھȥ죬Ͼ͵øǣ
ԣҶЦãھ͸ǳߣ
Ѳƶ߾ˣǿԭܣ
ڣҶ͵պôˣ


2088 ʮ֮
Ҷûġԭܡߵļְڳһ˭ϣҪ˭µļơ
ڿԭħս󶼶ԭıԭĻݣټԿԭҫʹӡӸǵĽԣǾծսһ£е쳣˳
˵ԭܵҫʹӡҲԼ
ԭϲѰ֣ǳЩͨļҶı˾ͨҫϹŲ飬ʵֻҪĶһ飬ӸǸʹӡһݻغǡ
ƵĹ񣬷ǳࡣ
ԭҲԴȫŴܼҺѸǸǸӡѡ
ԭҪޱȡҪЯʹӡͷ鷿֮УԷܼҺѸʱȡãӸǴӡʱ¼Ϳԡ
һҶֱǲѴ֮õҪԲȡεʹӡ
ҪϸҲס
ΪӡҪǳʱ뿪һ㶼Ὣӡίиŵùűãû
Ҷ浱뿪ǰ̫磬ѰҲʱͽڶ·ѲʹĴӡбȲӡ˹㡣
ҪȻȱӡ๫ûȥ
ڴܣ๫񣬶ӡˡ
˲ڿԣûӡӸǵĹģû˻ϵġ
ԣһҹʱ䣬ոʱ򣬿ԭܵĴܼҺѸԼҫǵλ˧𿥣ͷֱżöָʹ鷿ڡ
ȻرģǴܼҺѸʱһЦݣΪ£ıеҪ˳Ķࡣ
үʿүҪǷƣһޱȵļһﶼӻԾιɣβ赽ʯҪūеĸߺܶࡣ
֮ǰүı׼ֻܲ赽һƷʯȴӾ赽һپʮƷʯܼҺѸ˵
ҶһƷʯˣô赽ôࣿ
Ҷ⣬ܾƣʮһӣΪӳΪһͳΪξǧΪһţͳΪͳǧΪУͳΪУξУһΪһͳΪͳ졣
ΪһͳΪ˧
ҫǵĳڳ⣬פΪÿһˡ
Ҷ֮ǰµı׼Ӷξһʼ裬ܹ赽һƷʯھȻһʵҶЩ⡣
үµĽʿǶԸŹķƵĻᣬʮҾɵϢб֤ɸǮûʲô
ԣٸү˺үµı׼
⣬һЩʿǣҲϢҲ裬ǵȽСֱȽ϶࣬󣬻ūı׼ΪһٿƷʯҪȻͨʿࡣܼҺѸ˵
ͨʿҲˣжˣҶӵ⡣
ԭҶ潫µĲ񣬶Ϊξľ٣ǲͨʿЩͨʿɶǿҶɲǣû뵽ͨʿ
Ҷɫб䣬ܼҺѸҲŻ̼ǺүӶ࣬ūȥѶˣУͨʿҲ࣬඼ǱͷƦ߼Ҿģһңƽÿ˲İٿƷʯ
ã
ֵĺôðײá
ҶҪһˣָỵ˴¡
ʹӡ漰ٱԭܵʱ򣬾ˣҲˡ
ӹöװнƷʯĴָܼҺѸֵһöָһö嵥үǺڹ¡ִ¡ܼҵȴյʯһʮƷʯͷ
һ˵ˣү͵ķ룬үѴҰүӦõģϢҪҲա
ҶЦеĽӹ˴ָһԾŶôܻ̰ͼǵСˡǣǵĺãأʮһɹ黹Ϣٲǵġ
ү壡ܼҺѸʺϵһƨ
үǳڼټϺŵ̻ͳٶʮƷʯ
ãҶٴЦе¡
󣬴ܼҺѸȥ˧뻪
ڴܼҺѸĸˣλ˧ˣʱɲŨŨɫ
Ͼͱȥϵĺܴ
ˣһʿȡǧ׸ȼʽһǧߣټܣʸʮַ֧ߣȼʮҡ뻪ԥŵöָ
ҶĿȴһû뵽λȻ۶󶼸ŪˣǿǱ
ħսӵװ͸ȽһЩԭܵľµװݱĹϵӵȫ˵ȫǾֻʽװ
Ҷɨһ£ͷ֣ЩװȾ䱸˾ľеҪȽϣֻĿǰܽװһѣ˵ǳȽ
£ǰĺܺáҶĬЩָȴǾϲѡ
ٰʮƷʯѾһʷǳ޴ĲƸǶҶ滹ǿԭܡ
ټȽʯҲһܹ򵽵ȽеҶѾ񵽵ȿԭ˻֮󣬻εĽͷöˡ
ʴˣʮ죬Ŀ𣿡λ˧ޱȵĵġ
İɣҶһӣ˵ޱȿ϶ŵǿԭģҶ޹š
Ǿͺá
ٴβˣΪ©鴫ȥѾбս˾еʿ䣬ʮ֮Ͻ̤Ӫ벽
Ǿеһٷóʲô⡣
õģʹ֪ˣ°ɡ
Ž뻪뿪ҶΪǿЦ⣬Ѿ콫Ťˡ
ԭҲ벻뿪ܻȻܳĴ鷳
û뿪ЩĥԵƤ֮࣬ɱˣ˶ԻɵҶ£Ҷ滹治ҡ
𡭡
֮ҶûĿԭܣڽһ֮󣬴ҡ˴ʹۡ뿪ûӰ
͵ĴܼҺѸҶԼҡүıӰܾôһ㲻Ծȴ벻ﲻԾ
󣬴ܼҺѸʹҡҡͷЦŻת˸ڡ
һΣһү˸ߴʮƷʯĿϢʱ򷵻ǿɾƷʯĴ
Ŀɹ¿ͺóһʱˡ

󣬿ԭܵĳܣ
õϢĴܼҺѸӭҲֱʱ򣬺ѸΪʲôĺүЩԾˡ
ܡ
ԭܳУһгܺʹӣų죬үȴǹһˡ
ʱ򣬴ܼҺѸѾôˣҲǺү¼Ȩء
үп˳ܼҺѸͰ͵Ĵȥһ䡣
ԭЩÿɷһǰɱţԽԽûˡ
յҶҪϢǰȥ̸ܻëߵ˳
ԭҲ벻ԸĹܼҺѸʵһ¡
ļڣתĿԭܾͷ˲Ծй¡ִ£һɾ٣Ŀ⣬ϣޱȣЩȡ
һЩͨʿ;٣Ŀ⣬Ƿĵĳ羴
ÿԭ֮ܲ࣬ҲԾϲΪԼξе
ܿģʮ֮ھ͵ˡ


2089 Ѫ޹
׼ȷ˵ǵʮһ졣
ԭܻظ֮ڸϣͳ羴ĿУˬˬĹ˼졣
ܿģʱ䵽ҶûǸ١ԭܡԼĻͻеʱˡ
ʮϣפеĸ߼컹иڵִ¹ܼǣг̻ƹǣͿʼûڿԭǰֻơ
Ҫһ¿ԭܣʱҪˡ
ϧǣԭܸûһ޶á
ʮһʮһϵʱһĪżգҫǡ
ܼҺѸҲͬżһڲ˴ʯи߼٣Ҳޱȵż
Ҫȥʹѯʴһ£ȴûǸӣһѴܼҺѸʵĽͷö
ڴܼҺѸǸӵĲˣûǸȥߣǸ
ǣ޷ܵģȴҪλ˧뻪ˡ
еһ£¹ش󣬵ʮϣԼʹûκαʾ˾ͼһҹû˯
˵ʮһϣԭܻûκҪ黹˼˾ͼˡ
ʹſ˼ȦȻ߽ʹţʹԭܡ
ޣģ˧ʲôҪ£ԼصҪĸԭ̬Ȼõġ
ԭ˵λ˧뻪鶸ش䡣
ԭܻʲô£սɵľеǿǾĴ¡
ʣǴװۺͿ
ˣ´ߣʵǾеһ£¹ش󣬱սɾеֵǣѾھӪнʮˣѾЩˡ
ȥ¾͵ѹסˣп©Ϣ˾Ĺ黹սɵľе˧ֱ˵˵
һɲǣҫʹԭܾɵˣʲôսɾеʲô㣿ǵ׸ʲô£

뻪λ˧±ˡ
ΪԼҴҪˣˣæĽײͬʱҲֱˣǿǷľսɾеġ
Ϊ֤Լ˵뻪صóӸʹӡսɾеľ
ɨݾһۣԭڵľվĿƵĶŶ˺ôĵӣȻα
£뻪λ˧׵ˡ
ǵ⣬ǿԭҪжĥɱ¿Ҫ
˾óҲƲ磬ʱͲˣֱӾͳɤӿˡ
ˣԼ٣Ǿû١߸ʹӡңݾյʱ򣬾Ѿش浵˾
˵꣬Ծ׵Ļֲˣеһ£һͱȥǿͨġ
㻹취黹ɡ
ڳȥ˭ûкô
ңϷҲϿɰսľеȡþеǿɲ˧ʸġ
ԣԭţȻһ˿һ
뻪˵ĺܶԡ
£ƾλ˧ɲˣҸɡ
ǣû´ľ
ϸѯ֮£ԭܾ͵֪ʮһǰϷ飬ʱͱųһë
¡Ȼģ
ǩģ
ÿԭֵܾǣ֪һ飬ҫפʿ٣ҫǵһ̻˴ʯŵɵĸϢ˵˴ݡ
ϻҫʹӡ
ɵ۵ĿԭܣֻһɹѪֱԴ壬ǰһķڡ
飬Ҫ
Ϣ֮󣬿ԭ鷿һžͽܼҺѸ߽鷿֮С
䳤ˢĳʣ˴ܼҺѸʺ֮ϣֱӴУѪ֮ʣԭܽһڸҧ졣
ūţ˵űñʹӡʲô£㵽ʲôɴ㲻㾹Ȼ˺ң
һܼҺѸײͷأѪķֱ
ūôҿӺүūһˣҪ뿪˺үū͸ûʲôôҿӺүūȫǷ˺ү
ôһԭҲɵˣѸ̫࣬뿪үʲôǣȷʵô°
⵱У϶йŹ֡
£ԭǿѹ¸Ѫϸϸѯһʮһǰҹ顣
꣬һɺʹӿԭܵĽŵֱš
˾ʧȥ˼һ㣬ϣһ̲ࡣ
ʮƷʯÿһʯнݣʹĴӡɵϢ
ҪǣʯĶһˣеľٸʿ䡣
ҪֻǾ٣ܵѹס
ЩͨʿˣΪ˼ƷʯԴͷѪô࣬ҪǲЩɱŸָӪ䣬пܡ
Ϊзְ˾ĺүͷķᣬƵصģҲǾ޴
ҪǽĿԭɨⶼһϰ
ǣʯ⣬Ҫ⡣
ҪһЩٻһ֣ʱѺȥ
ǣⲻȫ
гô̻ʮƷʯأ
Щ̻һվŵģɶǴܵĺŹ壬ҪǷˣЩ壬Կ޴棬ԭպڴа֮ء
Ǿ仰ʯ⣬չֻʯ⡣
ҲлϵĿܡ
ôеأ
ǿǾװĳ˽֮Ƚľеװ
ȥŪ
ԭ߻ãҪǸˣԭɱĶС
˶˽һЩ̭ǡ𡯵ľеѾǵˡ
սפеȻı飬ԭܸұ֤ܣⶼǶһݡ
һݰ
ĸ쵰ڿӣ
ʮ˴
ʲôޣҪң

ģԭĺ쳹ʹ
鷿ڣˢ𿥡أдܼҺѸƶ亹ˢˢµѾûһѪɫ
£ȻʹǿԭܣҪͨ죬ԭܲùǼҲãţǶġ
սħսפľеȻǺ󷽵ģǣ˽е
ǧ

ϣѹûв͸ǽػʹڵķ飬ò˶þͻᴫأ˵һССʹڷˡ
ʹڵִۣ϶зݡ
Ƕ̶̰ʱڣԭͶʧܣѪ޹Ϣǳ˳һҫ⡣
緹չڲʯ̻ƹ񣬾ʹŻƺƴΧʹۡſڣлʹܵĽݣߺҪܻʯ
ǣ⻹ġ
ҪǴӾӪﴫϢ
ԭͶʧѪ޹Ϣ֪ôʹ˾Ӫ֮С
ԭսɾеʿ䣬ʱ׷ֽһһǵͲҲԸάʱ̶ӪĿܡ
˧뻪أѾŴӿԭóһʯȥѹˡ
ڿԭܣʱȴȹϵһ㣬ϴǸļһ޵˼㣡


2090 
ڵҹУҷ⣬з·һһһš
ڶ۹ĵ콢ҲҶı˧ڣҶżݸոͨСͨѶŲЦĺϲ£졣
ʮǰҶ̫ûҫʹܵģƭ˸ߴٰʮƷʯ׵ȽľеѾЦĺϲ£ˡ
Ҫ֪ǱһĲ룬ҲƷʯȥѡ֧Աٺ»˰ȸֿ֧ܹ䵽ҶģʮƷʯ
⻹Ǳٰµ룬ȻҲҶӴչͶйϵ
ɿٰ֪ʮƷʯ
һγﱸħսЭһ£Ѿ⼸ļҵ׸ͿˣһʯĲ䣬һεЭһ£Ҷ͸еˡ
սʱ򣬴ľǮյģʯ
õ˴ô˵ȻԭܸƵ·š
Ҷҫǵķ̽ԣԭܱһ̻ƵĶϵˣÿԭϵ飬ȴĪʧľе
ս˴Ǯڴ鱨
Ȼ˵ЭħսҶı˾ֻЭҶ濴һεЭȴһҶͱ˾ս
Ҷ֮ǰ鱨˵Ĺ̽ţʹŴı̽ӣ
ľڱħսԼһЩҪڵУ鱨Ա
ҫǣ֮ء
Ҷִ֮ǰ鱨ԱѾϢøֺϷݰҫǵĸиҵ
ڣѾʼãҶ洫˴ҫǵ鱨
˵Ϊ˰ܷӪפԭܾѾԼ͹ˡ
⻹Щ߼Ŀ
һЩ޷ȷϢǣԭܣѾʼϵһЩУҪԼµĿҵۡ
˵ԭܻһЩ͵УѯʱѺصˡ
֮ԭ˵жཹͷöжཹͷöֱˡ
Щ鱨ҶЦޱȵĲá
ǹߵеذشҶᶼ߿ԭܡҶӵġ
ƿԭܳӶܻඡ
ҶռڵĿ޼˾ǣʱҹԼյĴĥЩеϵıźʹš
ĥЩľеҶͿԹʹˡ
ʱڿԭǰһҲǲԡ
ˣǰǧ⣬ԼдһƳĺ٣عڰǧϣûоկĻ˻ҪСġ
һֱĬĬŵԤ״Ĵ͡ͻشҶĶڡ
㣬ͼ
һҶı˾ӾõҪսԴҪħսĵͼˡ
Щܵľ¾ݵ⣬ħսģϵڴһľ±ݣбע
ҲֻǱעѡ
ɴƵľͼֻܽͨӡעйۿͬľӡͼϸ̶ȲһԼߡ
ܿģҶͨͼҵĿǰ󲿶оǰǧ֮׼ȷص㡣
һΪɽĵط
ɨ˼ۣҶͱòޱȡ
ɽԲǧڣľ¼ͼ϶κһ¾ݵ㡣
ϣħսľ¾ݵ㣬Ϊȼ
һʮϵľҪ־ҪλҪطΧĹ㣬һ־˵֮ľկҪԱȾҪҪһ㣬ҲһʧӰֵľݵ㡣
µľ¾ݵ㣬Ͷȥǣ԰˻ǧΪλԾԤѲֻ߱ͨѶ·ͨΪ
ɰԣɽûоկٰǧͺֵûˡ
֪εһ˿ɫˣҪҪ´øս׼

ҶҡҡͷŰǧ˶ѣڡѾãѾǸ˧µĶѣ͵ˡ
ͷ֮࣬ʵˣô֪ͨѲ񽫣صѲ飿
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ǧ˶ѣ͵ĥһǲӵĻӦɡ˵꣬Ҷԥһ£Ը콢ʿս׼һҾֻң׼ýӦ
˼һ£Ҷ滹Ƕһ׼
Ͼµʿÿһʻ
Ȼ˵ǴȲƱǣȴתʱҶ滹Ÿ˻Żȥ
͡ӣµϢϱҡ
ǣ
һϵе콢ڴȥԴ۱ÿʱٶȣһʱ֮󣬵ִɽ
Ҷı˾һɵҶƱʱĴսΧɽϱⲿϱǳľ
һ±ȻѵʱܳˣѪҲ٣ɱģࡣ
ɽǰǧˣ⣬ÿ档
۱гнУһϢϵĴҶ
ʵ֤ξƜW˶ԱзİѲ˾һѵǷǳгЧġ
ȣɽǧʱѲ񽫷˵ɽ쳣
õ鱨Ҫȴͨͨ͡õ鱨ӵ׼ȷ
һǧˣ
ɽһǧڱϢ󷨡
ӽɽǧʱǰ۾ͷԤɽɽڷݾҪ߾裬ȫսı۶С
ЩϢҶһɣӣȻ󣬽ָ֧Ȩ˹㡣
ͳ˧Ҷ棬ָӴսǲġ
ǣҶĿǰҲǱ˾Ķսһдսʱʱ̿оָӡ
ҪһоָӵĽ졣
ǹ컹㣬ǽųǳʺϡ
һγУҶ潫㶼ˡ
˸ԼʮˣҶ浱ӦǣǴһδ
սǻڡ
ڱڶ·ѲʹҶиѲ񽫷İ
ܿģԹΪָӹ٣Ϊı˾Ϳʼָӡ
Ҷ棬ޱȵһյ裬ϸƷɢһԹһʼӷⳡս֡
Ҷһ֧һǧ˵ĲӣԼĶʮʵǲܡ
Ƕеƣеľ
ǣôİ
Ҷ˼У˾оٶͻһеķ۹Ļȫ򿪣һ˾뻮һ̤
ܶǰоֳںеңڵɢȻɱ⡣
ͬʱһӣɵһ˧ǰ棬͵ڶ˧սͷֱѹ˵ɽķ֮
ˣ֧жˣĺǵͷ
ͷλʱҶָʾһλá

ҶıɲǣҶӰʹӱ콢ʧˡ
һɲǣʸĹ⻪͸գ


2091 ٻּ
УҶɫЩѿ
ʱʱͽⳡЩϷԵս
սҶҪĶࡣ
ǰһ䣬֧һǧ˵ľӣ־ͱˡ
ȫ
ô֧ΪͶɵľСӣڵһʱͳҶı˾ҳɱҶľҲѣ˴
֧СӺηҶǵͷ죬ҲǺη
󣬻Գ֣׻֧Сӣ²һʿ䣬ǽ
㣬Щ²ˣʱ֪֮С
ɣȻ͵Ӫٿ»飬ܽսʧ´ġ
һǧ˵ķƲһȴҶı˾˰˰˵
˾ûеħսأȼԱ˰ˣҶЩʹġ
ݹ۽ստʼĲӦ֧СʱСģսʱЩʧݣڹľִȥ
»ܽսʧҶͳ˧ʱһĵá
ֻҪϵܽսʧһ֧ӲϵĽָܽϵ
ԭԤеѶҶ涨ʱҪ˺ܶࡣ
Ӫ֮󣬱Ҷ涨ʱһʱ㣬һѿǰر
ˣǵ鱨֧Сӵķ²ѾеֶΣû˿ǵ̲ͣûпڡ
¹ƣˣʿܵǸͷ죬ɽͷ죡ر
ɽͷ죿ҶһȻһɽ
û
һĿЦЩͨķ²Ǿһ̾ڵɽɽٷģ˭Ҳû뵽ٵĿ꾹Ȼһ֧ӡ
ʿһʿͷɽٹұ˾
˼
˼
ȥϰطսħս󶼶Ȼ󣬽ЩʿҴһѻ꣬ͲѲʲôҶЦ
ǣ
ܿͽʣİ˸ڣǸɽͷڣ͵Ҷǰ
Ҷ̽ʩչǣеǣѻꡣ
Ԫ鰢˵ǣѻ꣬ҲǱȽѻˡ
ҶһԪܿ̽뵽˱סһԲɽͷ֮С
Ҳڴʱɽͷ֮УһƬķƣһҶԪ̶
һߣҶԪ͵رͽɫĺڹ⳹
ҶԪֱɽͷꡣ
Ҷɵ۵ǣǺɫĺڹⱻɲǣɽͷ꣬ͻȻʹڲŷһף˲Ϣ䱻ճޡ
бûκϢʬ壬ҶŭֱԸӡ
ʿ
żƵʿ
ҶֳŽʿѻꡣ
һģȫʧˡ
Ҷ治ײǷĺڹ⣬ǽΧֻƹȥ
ֻҪҶԪӴʿ꣬ͻһеĺԷ٣ҶʲôҲò
ˣ·̣ڵ⣬ӲñˣЩһﶼûκηӦ
²²⣬¼һһʹط˵
ʹط
ҶĿ⣬
зѻԷٺףƲĿʹطɶǼʿط
ܹѵЩʿˣԲ򵥡
ҶƲеԭǻֻ嶼пܡ
ǣһӾʿһǧں֮ڵɽҶĶʮ򱱺˾ʲôͼ
Ҫʲô
Ը߼ľ»飬Ҷ׳⡣
˼棬Լ
˸׵Ĵ𰸣Ҫ֧Ҫ˾ʵԱӦļƻ
Ҷģ
֮ԵĻôͻԱ˾ж
ⳡֻһж
Ҷִħս󶼶·ϣܻӭĹ
ۣҶı˾ԭһ֮ٴοʼоٶȵͬʱȫʼ߶Ƚ䱸
ڽӵսľħս󶼶ⳡս£̬ȶޱȵĲм
ħսӱڶ࣬ɽ¶ħս󶼶Ľ͡
ǰɽȫ𣡡Ǿָʾ
ɽΪʲôҷҶĶʮ򱱺˾ûἰһ˿һ
ֱʱҶһɱ˾ĸ߼ǲŷӦҶı˾ѾѲۣ˾˲Ļɫ
ħս󶼶ԭȻҶھϴεľе˾¼ҶҲˣܶҶкŹ֡
Ҷֱͨʵļ¡Ȩһ㣬ܹҶı˾ʿ
Ҷı˾ʼ߽䱸оԭƻУöʮִܵħս󶼶פصı˾
ʮʱ䣬Ȼĵִħս󶼶פء
һҶȻޱȵĽ
߶Ƚ䱸һ·ʱ׼ӦٵĸǿȾ¹
һ·ϣûκ鷢
ʵǳҶϵ飬Ȼʹƽƽĵִħս󶼶
ڴʼӪҶ׼ǰ󶼶ʱڼܹ㳯ԽҶʹֱϵͨѶŲͻȻ˸˴ĿĹ⻪
Ҷ飬ʱͱȻޱȡ
ʼ¡ٻּˣ


2092 
ʹֱϵͨѶŲҶ潻ܣԱܹһʱõϢҪʱҲԵһʱ䷢Ϣ
ˣӸӡٻֻּӡһľѪܽ⿪ٻּʱԻ١˫һɫݸҶ档
Ҷӹٻּûмϴ򿪡
ʼ¡ѡʱٻּô֤Ҷ֮ǰƶûдҪҶ飬϶ħսйء
ʼ¡Ҫּͨ´飬϶ð졣
˵ĺôȻá
ó˾˧ӡͬʱ̽룬˾˧ӡϾһ⣬ٻּϡ
ٻּ϶ӿŹ⻪γһ֣֮У·仯ǽܵӦľѪٻּڵһʱ仯ɷɻҡ
һ̣һҶľѪѪָ⻬䣬Ǹ⻪˸е֡
ʱءߵ·ͬаײһ㣬׷ɢ¶ٻּ塣
һӸʼ¡ӡ
ûдּ̫࣬ҲûôʽҶɲǣٻּȫݣӳҶԺС
ҶЩŹ֡
ٻּ´ּ⣬ҶеģҪ򵥵Ķ࣬Ŀ꣬ȴǳģ
Ҷͷûһ˿һɡ
Խ˵ķԽˣǲ˺ģеķҲԽԽɿء
ˣּЩԥʵ
£ʳǱ߻ظ˵Ѿյּ⣬ּ¡У飬д飬һ磬ǰ󶼶Ҷ˵
ǣ
ϢģʵٻּҶл˷ĩǹء
ٻּʹ󼴻١
Ϊħսַԭλħսк󷽵Ĵ󶼶ܱߣǴ͵פӪء
פϰĴ񱱺˾ҴҸĲӣʮֵӵ
ҵǣܹĴѵء
ȻϰƼҲûʲôӡ
Ҷɰǰ֮󣬾ϢĶڣʱռ俪ʼޣ
Ҷ·оʱ䣬Ҷÿ֮ʱڣڿޡ
ҶĿǰΪѾߴ۷壬Ҫͻ̤Ҫش
ڣȴûشģԣҶʱռ֮УҪ
֮ǰڱ׼ʱ䣬·оİʱ䣬ҶѾʱռڴʱˡ
еĴʱ䣬Ҷ涼ڿ޺塣
ǰΣգҶѾ֪ǿ󣬲ǿġ
ȻҶԸıǣڹؼʱ̣Ҳʱ෴ģʵҪġ
ʱռڣҶؽƵһԡͰ֮УһͰڵϹѪ
ϹѪڣ̺ŷǳֲͨԡͰѹ޷ܣ˲䣬ͻޡ
ҶĲϣһԳϹѪԡͰ
ѵľҶ棬ϹѪԡͰڡ
ɲǣߴＸǧȵϹϹľѪʱͽҶȫյͨ죬Ƥ
ҶĿУʹޱȵƺ
һɲǣҶоͷˡ
ѾҶʮϹľѪ壬ǿѾɰٱߣʹޱȡ
ķתɲǣϹľѪ̺Ŀֲ·ˮһӿҶڡ
챻Ҷļ⡢硢ͷں幦£ͷ·һ鱻եɵĺޣɿϹѪ̺
ҶĹ衢⡢翪ʼɿ׳š
ͬʱѪУһĪĿϢͨѪУҶеĺˮۼ
һʱ֮ԡͰеϹľѪ˽һ룬ҶĹٶͬʱҲһࡣ
ֻҪҶ滹ǿԽʣϹѪȫϡ
ɴСһ·ҶһѹԽٶȣԽ죬ջҲԽ
ҶһͰϹľѪҪʮʱ
ʱѾʱˡ
ţѹѾˡ
һͰϹľѪشҶڷ֣⻪УҽһϹľѪй¡
ͰϹľѪĿֲѹֱҶѪй׷ըơ
֮ǰǿʮϵ
ըѵͬʱϹľѪ̺ӿ룬ʱͽҶƸ޸
ȻһɲǾһαѣطתУҶںϹѪӿ£ٴλָ
һһָѭУҶǿȣʼٵ
ÿһѭҶһ΢С
΢СڣһεıķȣһΣż΢СС
СķȣǷǳСģԺԲơ
ѹֻϸ۲ʱܷޱ΢СĲࡣ
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һѭĲ಻ʲôǰٸǧѭȾͱ÷ǳľˡ
Ҷǿȣɱ
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ٰٱеġ
ҶԼƤͻᷢһҽᵯһ£ܽ˵ָۡ
ʮͰצľѪѾҶȫһա
ҶʮͰϹľѪҲʮͰ
ҶЩɣЩϹľѪ֮ǰܲͻƵĵĲأ
ʱ䲻ͣţתۼ䣬ҶռѾĸʱ
Ө͸Ƥ͸һ͸УҶʱ䣬Ѿﵽ˼¡
£ҶӦֹͣת
ЩޱȵƤ
ǽ죬ҶȴһֱĸоģڵĺˮԼԼһĪĺҶѪ
ĪĺҶڵĺˮתٶȣƾտһࡣ
УҶоʲô
ԣо˼֮Ҷ沢ûֹͣ
ͷһݣҶ潫ͰϹľѪһԵ㵹˶ԡ֮ͨС
ֲѹͬԡһϹѪʱҶĹͷ˲ظ
ҶԼĹͷֲֿѹ´ѵ
幦תУ֮ǰʮһӿҶڡ
Ҷ֮ǰֻԼӦһĪеĺˮ鹬
ڣȴĸӦһԵƥֱײ¶ҵֱĺˮ

·һ˻쳹
˻ͬʱԡͰϹѪ̺Ҷӿٶȣؿʮ
ҶոմѵĹͷ˲Ϣ
ҲһɲǣһӰҶĺˮ֣



2093 

ˮڣոɵӰذͷ˻˲Ϣ䣬Ҷںˮתٶȶؿֹ
һڹµƬ״ۣ˲͸סҶȫ
֮֮ǰα۳ɵۣһ۳ۣ֮ǰĺʮֹ
ϱߵ¡ӵ·˰ٱֹ
ÿһ͸һµζҶֳĺɫźϢ
ǽͶĻͻῴһ·ɵ˿̶һýζӰ
ҶеڵӰζӰȴβᣬ·һͷβľӰһ㡣
ϸĻͻ֣ᷢҶ沿ҲԼԼѼ·ǡ
ɬϢ·ˮһӿҶڡ
ͬʱҶڴ꣬һֱ޷õצɽͣͻȻĪĻζһ¡
½˵Ҳצľ޴ޱȵ
Ҷһֱ޷ȡġ
ȻΪֹҶҲûȡ
ֻڴʦ½֮ҶƿԪ㹻ǿ¡
һͫԵ˻ת½ʱҶȥһ
ӲģޱȿĿռ䣬ǿԪֱӽצӲսڡ
ȻҲС
һСһ޷Ӷľ޴ȴڴ˻ʽİ£޴˻ԼҵĲֿ⡣
̶ϹĻҶҪ׵շצҪ²пܡ
ĿǰҶĺոͻƵ˵ѣշǲܵġ
ǷҶںˮ۳ꡢ갺ͷ˻ɲǣһֱ·һĺצͻȻĪһ¡
䣬Ҷһּ΢ϵ
ָоͻȻҵԼʧĳһָ֣оǳ΢
ͬһɲǣҶ治ԶͻȻʹһս
β߸ߵɲǣë͵ըʯĻĿ֮УȻľɫ
Ϣ
ǰ֮Դ֮
ޣ徫ѪΪ֮ͬģϢҲе嵨սľ
壬Ѫдģһֽܵļ䡣
СèǸӦʲô
ʱҶǱΪСèԽķˡ
СèΪ֮󣬲֮Ľ
ΪѾﵽƿǺ̻£ȴСèԽԽʡ
֮ǰѾһȦ
ͻƵһ£ңңڡ
ڡ
壬ֻҪѪ츳㹻źԴĻΪǿһ޷ٶȷġ
ǣһΪ۷壬ż֮еԣһجΡ
ǿߣһ޷ͻƵ
Ѫ츳ǿ󣬵ⶼһĶ
ҪԼȥȥᣬпͻơ
ȻĳЩѪޱȾԶǿޣѪҲԴֵĴи򣬵ҪԼȥ򣬱ԼĶܹͻƵ
СèĿǰԣҲֻܿԼˡ
оԼֲϢԴҶ֮Сè嶸Ȼɣһ
ĿҶĿ⣬ֶ˼
ԽԽĻɬϢӿҶԺУҶĿ⣬Ĵ˼ֲ졣
ΪӿԺеЩɬϢȻǡ崫Ϣ
ֻͨѪе崫УȻӿֵҶԺУҶֲ졣
塢۳֮󣬾Ȼܻõ崫Ϣʵ̫ˡ
Ȼ˵ӿҶԺе崫ϢֻǺٵһ֡
ֶԣǺٵһִϢҲޱȺġ
ִϢ
Դ仯¡ĵرص㣬ؾ츳طָͨطϸעԼͲͨط֮
ЩȫһԵӿҶԺС
Ȼֻǲȱĺٵһ֡
ЩϢܺͣǳҶ֮ǰõеĸϢʦ½Ĵ֮ܺ͡
塣
֮µĺĴϢ
ȻµĺޱȵĴϢһȫá
һֿһõĻûõģֻҪǿģȫʹŵߡ
ţоȴǺͨϢ
Ҷʦ½µʦŴУÿһϢǾ޼֮
ִУ˽ʱ
ʱ֮ڣźˮ鹬ڵӰӳ֣ҶԡͰеϹѪڵٶȱԽԽ졣
̺ϢɿľۼҶˮڵӰ
еӰԽԽʵԽԽء
ӰԽʵҶںˮתٶԽ졣
ǵĺɫϵ¸ӵ·ֶ˼
ֱʱ֮ԡͰڵһϹѪҶɸɾֱ仯ų׵ֹͣ
Ҷָ⻺Ĵǵĺɫӹ˲Ϣͳ˾֮ɫ
ʵ
ɫۣȻҶһޱʵʸС
Ҷڵĺˮںķ߶µһر仯ҪȻҪΪˡ
ޱȵʸУҶһŨŨİ֮С
ϢģҶĿǰǿĸǶָӿʼɫۡ
֮ǰĺα۵ֻۣҶĸǶ֮¼Ϣʱ䡣
ǣһηʵĺɫۣҶĸǶ֮¼˶ʮ֮ûκα仯ֻ΢һֺˮѡ
һɲǣɽشҶɳ͵¡
УĽ
ֻȴֻһӡӣСУҶԺ
԰˳ɵģ
һ⼲̶£Ҷĺˮڸո͵꣬ذ׳˻
Ҷĺɫ·ӵ·ɵӰɽµĵط
ˣ
ɽٴα߸ߵɫ۴ѣûƿ
ף
鷢һޱȲҰ˳ɵ
ͬģҶҲܲ졣
˳ɵͻϮ֮£󲿷ֵڵǿ߶סɫ۾Ȼסˡ
ʮɵģ
Ща߳һٴһһ㡣
һĨʹشҶ
ҶͷϮλõһۣ˲Ϣ٣ҶԼ߶޸ˮڵ΢΢һܱ΢΢һͲһն
ҶϵȻ֮ɫŨ
⡭Ĳ
֮ǰõ崫֮УͻƵأۣ֮ף
Ҷ滹ٴоһ׵֮ԺͻȻԪ鰢
Ҷүн㣬˵ǳˡ


2094 
Ҷʱռʱ޷ϵģҲϵҶ档
ǣΪԪ鰢ȴͬʱ磬ϵ
Ҷ֮ǰнҶⷨţϵԪ鰢
󲿷ֽӦԣʱҶ棬ǿ϶ˡ
һҶͳ˧֮С
˧Уĸȹϵһת
ʲôˣ
ҶһϲһҶĿЩ죬˧ҾȡˮʿһѾȡˮʿΪͻˡ
ϹҪźǰȥˣǣ·ǳ鷳
üͷһţͻھееҪܾġĿǰ
е
ҶҲһеھӪУأǳпܡ
ģλأ

˵䣬͸ҶھͼϱһλãһҶͽСèʱռ̳ˣèøɻˡ
Ҷ潫СèͬʱСèͺһʹҶ˲Ϣ˧ʧ
ǧ⣬΢Ĳһ£СèʹҶһϹĴϿա
פأһҪˮԴ
ħս󶼶ܱߣÿʱÿ̶ۼŴַʿ䣬ˮԴҪ
Ĵ󽭣Ǹϰפÿȡˮ֮ء
һ㶼ɳһȡˮڡ
Ҷı˾ɳŹǧˣͣӴ֮ȡˮ
һ£ȡˮȡ裬ȡˮܶ࣬ͻ
ҶִϿյʱ·ӱϣǧ˴һţ̳졣
ѪζΨһҵǣûжþеȻڻս˫˾ڱֿơ
ԵģҶߵʿ䣬ЩԿ
Ҷȡˮʿ䣬ֻǧˣǱȴߴǧˣԳԿˡ
ҶִͬʱʹһﾫԼԴԶӷɶ
ǳıҶ磬ִȴҪҶ
Сèǿ֮
һ飬˲ϢԳٰǧ֮⡣
һĽǿߣӰǧľ룬ҪСʱʱ̡
ֵɲǣ졢ԺµһھӢսֹͻ
ħսϣΪħս󶼶ԭԭҶϳԿ
ʱҶ桢졢ƶ˲ԣٳͷǻ
ڴʱ졢ֹͻĲԣҶҲûзԡ
ǣҶϯͻֳӵĵʱɫȴǶһ䡣
治ԩҲף
˵ǹģ
ЦУƿҶʩչηӣͳ嵽˹һ˵ǰ
˧
˧
һ˼ͬʱҶıԣᣡ
ݺݵᣬжݾݣֻҪӣͺãҶȵ
ɫһ䣬˧ɳ嶯
ò˶ãħսľپͻյϢ˵㣡
Ҷİ˰֣޷һ㶨Ǿᣬģ
쿴ҶĿ⣬ҪȰɵĻȻ˻ȥ
һɲǣͳ˻սľŭ
˧ַֻҪģ
֮ǰͱҪŵʿ䣬ʱʱͷѪɣ
˧˵ˣģ
Ժ͹һھļ룬ԭƵ˾һʱ˴󷴹
ҶȴעһգͳŻĽߴҶԪ鰢˵֤ݵ飬ˡ
һ龰ȫλ˧Ӱ¼Ҷ仰Ƕ˵ġ
ûκηӦҶԺУȴ˵
ҶһδѲԺѲ񽫣ɶǰ衣
У˿ȴڡ
γͻ飬ǵһʱرġ
ЩҶĿͿ˶еһġ



Щģ˵һ¡
֧Ϊʿ䣬ڴܷͳ˧
գգ˵ͳ֮ˣĻ塣
Ҷڣֻ֪һ£һǰЭħսͳ˧᲻Ǹһأ
һɳӳǣҶѾնɱ̣Ǿ鱨̾Ȼûʵ
ˣѾΪҶĸ󻼣ʱҲ޿κΡ
ʱٴμľӣҶֻһû˵
Ҷͷ֮һ
ͻ֮УΪԺһھļ룬˾ߣܿռϷ硣
Ϸ磬Ҳ˼ʮϢѡ
ǳͻأģľУͻȻ˽ٵǿϢΪҪǣٵǿϢУϢȻλ
λ˿εĲסͨۻԡ
Ȼſնɱ˵ʵ־еûͳǱʵ
֮£ġ
෴ģŽλӢļ룬ٴδռϷ磬ʼѹҶ˾
Է֣ɱ˾ݶˣĹͣ
һĻҶϣظ˼˿ɭ֮ɫ
Ԥı
Ҷұ֤һεȡˮͻ϶Ԥıġ
ʮа˾ţľӣ˾鱨Ԥıĳֵġ
˾ߣ֮ǰҲû⵽ľӲ룬Ҳûעⷽ顣
ȻԤıģô
ҶĿ⣬ؿԶա
ħսľ٣ӦѾԶ˰ɣ
Ԥıеľٺʱʱ򣬶ֻһ֡ᣡ
һɲǣҶһ㣬ֱ׹䵽սϡ
ҶҲûжֱ֣һ̤
ɫʱͷ·ˮһɢ˷
˲Ϣ䣬˾ʿ࣬һɣľӣһóɽжꡣ
һһ֮䣬ͱ˻УʵҪҶ˾Ҳֻаķݡ
ҶĵشʩչɲǣΧסԵ죬ͽҽһֱӱŤ֫һֱȥʼڴڵĿѪ
ҶΪ˾ͳ˧ֱӳˣЩˡ
ʩչһεشȴ޹ذҲԸıս֡
ͬһɲǣɫӵص˵ı˾ʿڣЩʿƣʼۿɼٶȷɿĻָѵĹͷ׵գɿĸԭ
ͬһɲǣҶ쳹ᣬ˧ᣡ
ȫĹͷ˧ˣ˭ҪǸҸһĹͷӾĹͷ
Ǳ˾ǻˣ
Ҷսһ£󣬱˾ҵĻ쳹
˧䣡
˧䣡
ͬʱ˵ĹͷޱȿƹеĲҽʹʿͽ쳹


2095 Եǧ
һ·һĳ
ǹͷѵ絶ĶϹǴƤ⣬¶˰׵ĹͷĹ裬ÿһʿ򣬴ĿµĳӡڳÿһʿĿС
㡭
Ͳ¾𣿡
ܵĽĿװ׵ĳߣһֵսľĸо
һ˲䣬
ǧͬʱЪ˹ĲҽУֹ״Ĺۣĵһ㡣

ЦЦЦݣҶǣӦ˵ڸ·ϰɣ
һͱޱ֪㻹ң
ħսϿޱȣǻӷ˾Ҳģ㽫Ѿ˳Ǿ͵űȫնװɣ
һ˾ʿЩˡ
ʿµģȻǾҲ״˿ʲô
֣ͣ
ˣ˧ţʲô
ʹĸ˧ʰһһļ䣡
ոֵͣı˾ʿǣһʱͺġ
˧£ʲô
ҶٺһЦĿ⿴˱²;ʮ죬ˣǼˣ
ЩΪǿ־ᶨϵʹ࣬Ѿ޷̫ʹࡣ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶֶϰλеľεԪ鲨ʹɨ
ͬһɲǣͷϳٽضûпһľ񣬷׷Һ
һƴöϿ¶ͷӵĶϱۣԴ
ЩǵĿ־ʹû˿ĻһҺţһеţš
ԭʹƤĹͷڹٴδȥִ
ǵܵĴֲЩʹ࣬ȫСƣ
ɧζȳζ˲Ϣ
еľһ˿ӣʪһƬ˵ʧģ졣
Щصġ
صģһ°ĭ۾һʡ
ʲǽһڵĴʹ˲Ϣ˹ٴξǿֲһС
ҶҲЩȻ
õֶΣҶϹħԜһЩСţ˲Ϣ־塣
־Բ㣬ĥɰ׳գûκ
طĥĶͽߣЧҲĿֲ
һλǿڵʧⱾǲ顣
ˣħսפִ٣ͳ˧һƱ˼ٸԤһϢڵִѲ񽫵ҶԺ
ͬʱҲյͬ鱨һŵĿҶ档
ˣô죿
ż𿴸ղˬˬˣǰһУ˾Ǿ֤
鰡
ŹѯʣҶҲֹͣʩչϹħԜţĸ߼Ӣ¬УҲ˲Ϣֲִء
һ㵵ˮ֮࣬Ҳŭ˼㣬ҶģѾµΡ
ڣô
ҹƣѾԶ˰ɣ
ȷʵԶˣھٵִ֮ǰһĥһ
˲Ϣ䣬겨ٴγĸ߼Ӣ¬дһٴ˫۷ףʹޱȵĲҺ
ҶǰǾǺһҶ潫ǴԲ
ˮ֮ʱҶЦһط
Ŀٴο˵ʱ򣬶ҲҶ죬Ҷǳһĸо
еĺ⻹ڴȴǵĴ˿̵̬һ
޲þϸϵֳҶһ֮ڷ
ˣְͣɣ
ҶһȣڷʩΪǧ˾׷ͣ֡
ֵǣٿҪˣ㿴һôңҪǲҵʣôҲ˵ȥɣ
үǵģԼݵģñ˧̰ɣҶЦ
ã
˾һڶɴЦЦУһֱӳԼ˺֡
еһȭԸıϣʱǹǶۣѪĽʵġ
黬֣嵶ԼһУеԸѪⷭƤⷭѪ졣
ģȥޱȵĺˣʵϣòһ죬ͿԳ׻ָ
̶̼Ĺ򣬷ı˾ͱǱ˭һͨһ㣬Ǳޱȡ
쿴һĻ磬Ц˧ٰɣ
ܲùԹ˲֪أ
ߣȥӭӭλ٣ЦһҶʹŹ
ҶԶȥıӰĸ߼Ӣ¬ȴǰЦòŹ֣
ҲͬһɲǣӢ¬ͬʱʹһ׷ʧ
Ҷֻӭ˲Զһˡ
ͷºڼ׺ɫ硢ִڽľ٣עĿ
ڴܣڵľˣֻһݡ٣
Ҷעȴһϡ
ңҶע벻ڴϣҲС
Ϊ˵Ŀ⣬絶һ㣬ĶҶ档
Ŀܹɱ˵ĻҶʱѾɱǧٴˡ
ụ̂
Ҷһε̣
ͻȻ䣬ҶЦ
ʲôԵǧ᣿
ͽԵǧᣡ
ҶħսַҲħսַ
Ҷ棬Ըɺϡ
ɺϣԤıĻ飬ɾȤӵĶˡ
Ϊ̺ıվ
ãҲʥ֮һ죡
Ҷ棬ͷľɫһȴҶȴûλ١
עҪһļһ
ֵ湻󰡣ϴֱն׼û뵽㻹ܻתְ֣ĺô治ٰҶƳ̾һ
һʦ̣ɫһڡ
Ȼ˵һƾ˹ǱҶնɱļ䣬ȴʹԸ䵽顣
һҶ棬ԴһĪĺֱս
˾Ԫ˧Ҷ棬ɣħսפ˧ٺӿ࣬㲿ед£
ûпڣڵͷľ١
ٺӿһڣپξϢͬʱҶ棬һλκͻʱҶ档
ڴܣٵƷ׺ܼ򵥣Ϊ˧УֱӦǿԴõ߼ľ١
ңǼٴһ
Ҷ˾Ԫ˧ڽǰҲҪСһ٣ûֱӴҶȨ
ǰλ˧ȴС
ǰλٺӿһڣ͸˾һƵñӣʵδƨѾˡ
Ҷ֮ǰ뷨ʱѾ׵֤ʵ
Ԥı
ⳡͻٵĵԤıġ
Ҷ涸Ц
ٺӿɫٴһ䣬Ҷ棬ЦʲôЦСıһӾ֮


2096 ֹ
Цʲô
Ӵ˲Ǻ𣿡
ұ˾ƣ
Ӵ˻ûϵֳûв鿴ֳûκѯʣȷұ˾ƣ
Ӵƨɣ湻İ
˵Ҷһмĳžٺӿ๰˹֣Ӵ˴˱˧ĳˣ˧һ£
Ѳ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹҲǾ֤ݣŴ˵֮ѲӰ浵
֮ľУӴ˸κ˽֮ӣݹֱ˧ʹ˸ϳ͢ħս죬̯
˵꣬Ҷ·˵һ΢һ㣬ΧˣȴǸɫ䣬ڡ
ҶҪӲ
е㳣ʶ˶ھУӲǴ
վֻͣҪ㣬ַӿë
ǣٺӿɫȴǱˡ
Ϊ֮ǰҶ־е˾þе˾ӡ˾һ£ھд˱顣
Ҷºţеġ
ϾҶºźߣҶֱ
ˣǰս֤
ٺӿ౻Ҷͷס̼æڣˣҵǧ챻ˣˣв١
ȥֻҪһۣͿԶ
ʱ˭ҪǸ˵㴦òȡҵԴ
Դ໹أҪǶ࣬Ҷĳٿйй
Ҷ̲ӴһݺݵĵҶһۣȴٸҶ涷졣
ߣȥеؿ˭ΥͣӲѾĴãٺӿһʹһھһӹ򷽲ŵս
ľ룬ǵʵ͵
ɹȥɲǣ̳ҶЦţݺݵıȻһĶ
˵ʵҶʵһֱڳ֮⣬̶̼겻Ϳ쭵˽۷壬ʵޱȵ⡣
ǣϣɱ˲õķȥ
Ӵˣ룡
λ׼Ӱȡ֤ݣ£ŵ֤ɽ

˵꣬̾ͺһھٳ嵽սϿա
ͻȻ䣬һЦڴ̷֣ľٺӿ࣬ɫùޱȣ˲Ϣ䣬Ŀֱ
ͬһɲǣ̴һھҲͬʱɵۡ
һھŸոմ߶Ӱһɵԭأ֪Ӱأǲ
ƺʲôת۾ɵصɵıͭ廹
۾ɵı̻Ҫģǹ죡
ʹ۾ΣֳӦİ
ڹ죬۾ȴֲңֻʹգ۾һգ۾һ߿Ҷ档
·Σżֹ졣
˾ŷ˾ãף¶Ƿ˿ڣѪһǱľӡ
ǣһľȴޱȵĸ߰Ǵʤ̵ʤľӡ
ҲõģѪ򼣻лɫĺۼ첻˵һޱȵήңۿЩٶҿһۡ
Ǳݵȫʧİܾ
ǣƣ
ǧÿ϶ûһ˿һơ
˿һĻſڽġ
⡭
⡭ôɵˡ
Ӣô£ŭ
һŭ𣬾ͽӢǿŵĴһ£·ŵĺһ㣬͵ؾͳ̹ȥ
˧ǡǡ⡭Ӣð˳жʱȻʵ޷
˧ҶġӢָҶɲǣĿոտҶ棬̲סһ£͵ƿĿ⣬ָҲָҶ档
һֱͨĥѾĵҶ˿־壡
˧ֵǱĺòңÿһͷöˣҪٲֵǶ챻ĥıˡ˵ţӢ
ˣŵľ籾ӦңŲ񰡡
˵ϹأҶЦ㿴ǧĸͷˣ
㡭
һҶ棬Ӣˣֻҵͷ˧˵ǧȷڷţһٲڣǵƣڼ֮ڣȫָˣ
٣
һ˲ǧˣٺӿྪһ
ӴˣΪ٣۾ûϹɣ㿴ĳ棿
Ϊ٣Ӧý֤ݣܲ⣡Ҷһ涼
ߣٲ£
ٺӿһȥб˾ʿȫʶԿڹ
ţ
һھҪжҶ͵صǰߣˣΪ̫˰ɣ
ұ˾˺£ҪȫʡҶȵ
ǱٵȨҶ棬Īҳײ٣ҳײߣٿն࣡
սִеģǾٺӿһɱ
ֱʱ̲һ
ţ˶ף⵱п϶Ҷˡ
ǣʵʲô취
Ǿٺӿһ֣ҵ˽취
еʿԿڹľ֮£ûвеġ
֤ⲻˣ
ҶҲΪһ㣬סһھ
˾ɵҳϣǣʵֶжΪѲ˾ڶ·Ѳʹײ
˵̣Իչȵ·Ǳ˾Щͨʿֵܹġ

ҶЦһϢһ䣬һʵɱ磬ӴһҪǱ˾ඣ
ӿ಻һҶ˧ˣ٣ǾִͣеģǾԣ
ִо
ãǱ˧״ұ˾ұ˾ӴԾãҶȵ
ӿüëһ״棬ٽˣδãõȱһһ飬鵽ʵ֤֮дã
ʵ֤
òˣ
˧ɽ֤ұ˾Ӱ򣬺Ӵһ֪˵䣬Ҷһ
ʱ̵ɫһ䣬ⲻܣ
ϣûʲôܵģֶأҶЦ
ӿ໺ӹҶϵɨһ£ɫͱˡ
ڣȻһʵòʵĻ档
Ӱڣ̵ڴЦҶı˾ͬʱű˾˽
֤
ԿԳΪ֤
ǣΪһٵıܣӿģӰʵڵβ䡣
ҪȻôı˾ǵʤһʤ˰ܾأ
ˣӰִ棬ûκٵĿܡ
ûз飬Ӱ
Ա˲⣬ӵڵ̫ԣĴ߶£ޱȵĻ񣬲ʲô¡
ٺӿɫ䣬ҶǰӴˣ֤ǰѾѾҴܾɣ֮£ն
Ϊұ˾ִֹо
һɲǣǧ˾Ϊұ˾ִֹо
̵ɫѪɫһɲǼ˲Ϣʾ


2097 ӭ֮
̵Ŀ־壬ǿɲװġ
ҶṩٺӿӰѾˡ
˵ʵӰڵӰģȻ֪ܡ
ǣ֤
֤ݣ˵ǰǧͳͳҪն˧Ҳֲ˺ãҪõ㣬ӳȥһְߵԹء
ãˣҲ⣡
鰡
˲Ϣ䣬̾ͽȵĿ⿴˾ٺӿࡣ
£ɲġ
ٺӿҪ򶨵Ķࡣ
еŪҶݹȥ֤򣬺ӿ໺˵֤ȷʵ֤ͻ̫Ρ
ԣٻҪ顣
⵱УûħûŪֶΣû˿ݺ
˵ٺӿම߳һţٵеı˾ʿȫߣȻֿ飬࣡
ò˵ӿޱȡ
£Ҷ淴һңֶΣ̵ߡ
ǣٺԣվߵģ׼Ҷߵ߲š
Ҫ̡
һµľ˱˾ʿһΣҶȴû赲
óһСͨѶŲ󣬡Ȼ֤ںӴﲻãôҶĳֻýЩ֤ݣ͵ݸ˾Ԥ˺˾ֹ£糯ϣΪҶĳĿָ
ڸ֤ݣҲνе飬Ѳ˾ˣ
ʱ򣬺Ӵ˹񣬿ɾͲɴ󶼶˵㣬ɳ͢˵㡣Ҷ治̲˵
ٺӿ۾в٣
⣬ܡȱǳ͢Ҳ޷׸󶼶ľӿ˵
ӴҪҶЦ
ԣӿҲЦˣǲ
ҶȴЦĸˣ£ҺϲΪѲ˾ϲ£ǲ
ƼңµѲ񽫣ǲ١
ٺӿʱôҶĻ֮⡣
ǳв
һ˫۾ĺ⣬ĶҶ档
һԵ̣ʱȴǳ׵ˣ
ʱ˿̣Ȼ޲ɱҶ棬˿̵İѱҶֻܿĿžٺӿࡣ
Ծٺӿеĺ⣬ĿӭȥɲǣĵнӶӣһȦȦ˷
һľǣ̲סһս
Ҷսӿİս
໥ס˶ԷҪ˭Ը˲
ȻĿ⣬˫ľġ
ؼͿ˭ĳǿ
Ҷԣ֤£Ĵ㣬ҲǴһʺͿʶѡ
Ҷ治ִ󣬾С
ִˣЩźð죬롣
һΧ֮ڣû£ҶͺܳԿˡ
ԣҶܼᶨһҲ½¸ͱȥ
ǾٺӿͲһˡ
ͱˣûκκôҶûвȴоʵʵڵз֮ʹ
ִŵĿֲҲֻбִԼ
˵ãգǾٺӿ࿪ˡ
£Ҫһʲô
ҪĽܼ򵥣㣡Ҷָͷ
ҵֵˣڳʿ䣬ڡҶָָ̣Ǳ˾ϹǸҶ˵һҪ
ٺӿ࿴̣еѯ֮ײ
ɫһ£Ȼ˵Ӵɷ򣬿죬һ̫ӾϹǸʵǡ
̾ھٺӿĿ£εĵͷ˴Ӧһ
ڶأ
ڶӼˣ㿴ұ˾ֵܣ˹ҲˣҲˣȻҪ⸶ҩˡ࣬ٿƷʯ
ҶĻû˵꣬ӿʹȵһֵٿƷʯѣھͿԸ㡭
Ӵˣ˵ÿʿٿƷʯҩѣҶ油
ԣʱŭˣÿʿٿƷʯôȥȫͷֵһƷʯ𣿡
˵ֵ٣ֵ٣Ҷ浭ɨһֲ̣Ը룬Ǻ˵
ҶӰ£´󣬴ȥһǬǵضȥĶˣҴûԹ
㣡
ᣬޱȡ
㻹˵Ҷ仰û
ϸϸҶǬ鲻٣ûһγԹù
ÿٿƷʯǾһƷʯȷʵˡҩѽÿһٿƷʯΣٺӿ࿴Ҷ档
Ҷȴû˵УǼ֮ɫ
ӿȴ·ûҶеļ֮ɫһ͵ǸһӣʮƷʯǸ˽¡̣ʯ
ӿ仰ȴʽġ
̴һ£æȡһöָӸҶ棬ʮƷʯˣ
Ҷȴ·ûпһ㣬ûнӣö⳥װжʮƷʯĴָ䳾
״ӿüë͵һôӣ
ͻȻ䣬ҶٴͷЦǷǼЦЦĺӿɫԽԽѿ
ӣ
ӣ
ҶĳƾʲôҪһƨͱֿұ˾ӣ
ӣҶƨǣ
һ仰Ҷָžٺӿıӣһһٵ˵ġ
һҪҶµˣҪҶӣֱЦ
ֱΣ
ٺӿɫѾһƬ
㲻Ҫڣ
֣ٺӿҲһһٵĺȳģУѹֲסŭ⡣
٣ϵͳУǾǸʵһĴڣ˴󶼶֮⣬ţơ
ĸЭԪ˧Ҹ˵
⻹ǵһμҲӵļһ
Ҷ£ڣҶͷһмĸžٺӿ࣡
һ£ٺӿͻȻЦ
ܺã죬ǳʶˣ
ӽ󣬱ٽϵͳĹԱǱ˾ʶǺúõĳԣ
ӿཫ󼸾仰ҧĺأ˼ײ
֮Ϊٵǣ϶ҪĵҶı˾
ӭ֮Ҷʾ
ʯߣӿම߳һ
̼εĵҶһۣޱʹóһöָһƷʯǶҲһСĿǿµľˣ
һƷʯӿһ̵˾뿪Ҷȴٴ
֣ˣҪϹǸأ
̵ĽŲһ٣ͲɵһεĿ˾ٺӿࡣ
ӿȴͣٶһ£ͷҲص뿪ֻ̿Ц
ΣֻܴǧҶı˾ϹǸ
̸˿ûɶоǧű˾ϹǸ֮ĿѾ˼ľȻ
ھĥ˺֮ҪϹǸ
Ҷҿ϶ǧ˵Ķ־ս⣬Ѿ׵ĥɾˣͷҲˡ
ؼʱ̣ͻΪѨ


2098 
ˣ쵹ʹˣֻǱ˾Ժӣ²ùˣħսľϵͳ¶ǵë
Զȥľٺӿ࣬һĵġ
ʵĵģҲǺеġ
ܵľ٣ֱͳ˧ġ
Ҷı˾Ҳо٣Щ٣ֱҶ渺ġ
ħս˧٣ǵĶͷ˾ʵħս󶼶ԭ
ħսµķλΪϡս
ÿսֻһλ˧٣ħս󶼶פսħս󷽵Ķսӿ࣬ҲǶսΨһһλ˧١
ͨ˧ٵģħս󶼶ԭУܹζս󶼶ܱפ˧ٵģԭеš
ôӿӰ֪
ֻҪӿ෢һ仰ħսĸ٣뷽跨Ҷı˾
⣬Ȼ˵Ǻȫ򣬵ǣҲÿôִС
һӪزߣʮ
Ӫؽྻ̶ȣͲý綨ˡ
ҪëмƬҶҲԳΪࡣ
ǾҪִУҲûëҲûƢ
ʮȲ࣬ÿ㣬жˡ
οҪˣеǷ
ǹ쵣ڡ
ë㵣Ҷǣͻظһ˿صЦݡ
ǰˣҪоٲͣëǶھѵǾӻܣֻʿӰ춼ǳĴ󡣡
İɣһ׵ģ
仰Ҷ˵նޱȵļᶨ˽ҶԸĹ죬Ҳûж˵ֻһԴơ
ղ̵⳥óһɣ͸սǧʿóĳɣɹţƣȫҶ˵
ִƾӣҪľͷ
Ϣ֮ŹҶľҲʵǧ˾˳Ļˣһ״ĸߺҶ֣УǷ֮ɫ
£̫ˡ
ԼҴ˧̫ˡ
˾ٵĺ֢֮⣬ֱ
Щʿеķ֮ɫףӽǧ˾Ϊ˧Ҷҡ
˧Ҷȥһüͷ
Щ飬ܶһӶҶ棬ʱھˡ
ͻȻ䣬ʶҲҶ棬һͳ˧أ
ŻʿǣҶϹŵЦ⣬һͳ˧ܵģԼʱˡ
Ҷɲܹܡ
Ϊͳ˧Ҷ棬ȫԵĿֲ
ֱ׵˵ǸѰ·ûʲô
ҶҲԭġ
٣ͳ˧ƾӵһУħս󶼶ԭҶ̬ȣħսľǣҪԿҶ档
ⳡе֤
ôҶΪʲôҪӣ
һˬˬĴαع
ŴҶˣˬ֮󣬻ƺ
ϵͳĺ鷳
ƺ֮ߣҶˡ
׼ȷ˵˧ٺӿոյִƨɵʱҶѾƺ֮ߡ

һеתǧʿ˴ʤԭֻǾϹǸԪ˧̣ʿ¹Ǹ
Ӧܱʳˮ۶ϵľˮñ˾Ӫڻ졣
ľӪγĶԱȡ
ľӪڣģֻе󶷵Ĺ⻪ԵĽ
Ϣʿͷͣʶţű˾Ƶˬģ
ԼҾӪޱȱϢ˵ԼԪ˧Ϲ¹ǸˣǱͱˣĽ˾ˡ
ľӪѹֵĵطȴħսٴӪ
פȫµľ͸ƽضѹޱȣ˵١˧ٺӿ鲻ˡ
Ӫڣҳһ
˧ڣӿ࿴ŵƹʹı˾Ӫ棬һ
Ϣȥ𣿡
ӰУһ½ٵˣѾŸϡĴսľͬţǱʾֻҪ˾ǵĹϽ򣬾ͻᾡľĺúÿ˾
֣ҧĺء
ܺã
ӿ˵ͷ˿ɫʵʲôʱˣ
شˣ캥ʱˡ
ܺãӿǳһ˿ɫûУûκһˣҲӣ
ȻҶ˲ôҹǿԺúõĸһɫ
˵
ȫôپҪͱɴ
˵ӿһ磬ߣһǧ֣汾ǰ˾Ӫأȥë
ǣǹȥǼͷÿҳëҪ崦Ը̣ӿȵ
Ǵˣϴ
ӿϣ⣡
ͬһɲǣоûвμĴ͡Ķ䶯˶ͽҶĶڡ
ڽܽʿǾƵҶ棬ͻظһ˿ЦͷҪ°
ֻǣͿûǸˣ
ЦݸֵɲǣҶ潫еľ̳͵ǰһݣƵУξľ̳͵ײһ𣬾̳ķѣҺɽ֮ʣ˭Ҳûע⵽ҶΣ΢΢ζһ¡
ӰŶ뵽߿еҶ棬Сèһǧ֮⡣
ǰǧǶսӪˡ
ʱɽҰĻݲݣڸҶһ¡˧ٺӿ࣬һǧ뿪˾پӪ򼲸Ϲ
ǷҶı˾ľӪķ
ǧľ룬Ϊߴ۷ĺӿ࣬һΪߴڵľԣӵʱ䶼òˡ
֮ҶĿԶͿȺݹ⡣
ϵͳҹҵҪ뿴мҪģ
ЦУҶس֣ħϢһš
ǳֵɲǣħģ̫ļӳ£ͱ˸ģ
սѪѪһͿԽǧ룬˼Ϲĺӿһɾǰ
Īֱ˺ƶĤħ˲Ϣ͹ؼ䡣
纣ĵħϢǴһը
˧٣һɲֱӾˣ
ħ壡
ħս󶼶פصأôܻħأ
ٴ󵨵ħ壬Ҳҳ
۾ɴɲǣ̶ħҵˣ˾һҡһ¡
ӿһǧ׷½һ㣬е䣡
ҲһɲǣҶһͳ˺ӿǰһȭ£
ħֲлϹħԜ֮ͻƵ
һȭ
Ҷһȭͽ˧ٺӿҳһѪ
ӿݳ껹ûüҽУͱ̽ͷսѪ֮ڡ
սѪһ˲Ϣʧ
һʧģиղŴһըħϢ


2099 
ݣ
ҶȻħϢͱһ㡣
һ֮ħս󶼶ܱߣɫġѪɫġָľѶͳ
գѤޱȣͷ·ȼ̻һ㡣
һ֮󣬼ٵţǺϵľܼһĹһһ㣬쳹ʡ
ǰδе¼
ħսȻħŵĵطǴʱĶսǰ߻ϰأĴ󷽡
ǰߣϲսżǱħ֣ǴвսԼвսߵħս󶼶ڣħǾ
񣬾ȻһλħϢȲ˵ʲô顣
һ㣬׷ȥܵһԴ
ǰֵؽ죬Լս䲿ӵľ٣ֲ˺á
Ҫǣս֮󣬾ǴܸأһλħǱܸңǺֱ
һ£Ǵ󶼶ԭҪԹ䡣
֮첻ħս˯һȾ
սĳפǰַЭӣһɲǣͳͳʼᲿӣܲԼפصͬʱȴ󶼶ľ
սħټеĲһ£ҪжҶı˾ʱפҪд󶼶ľ
ҪǸжһóͿԿ˧Դ
ڳפǵפֵطΧڣٻȨ
ţǺͬʱоͳ⣬ͬʱɢŰָ󷨣ҲһɲǱ߶˼¡
ħսѾγһֻԤơ
Щ飬ħսͳ˧ĸͷͻԷȥ
ǣҶ澪㵵ģȴǳĵϢ
֮ҲţǺɲǣǧɢŰޱȵĵϢ⣬ֱǿյɲǣŷҶϢĵط˶
СͨƵɽҰĻľҶȫλģĿ˴˷·صĵǿߡ
ǧλ
ǧλǿߡ
ĿҶһ
һΣ⻹ҶһֱӼ˺ĵǿߡ
ħսʵܵĵ̣һ˲Ҷǰ
ң⻹ħսΪ󷽵ĶսʵôǰߵϡսΪвսʲôʵ
ңͶսԣĿǰ¶ǧλǿߣӦҲǿߡ
ǿ˺ĵ˻ɲǣոСèյǧҶ棬ȻĽСèսڡ
һ䣬дζ׵ĴɢһֱʩչʧС
֮УҶһ˿Ĺ켣ٵĶе˵صȻӵصķ򣬼һ
Ҷж
ֻҪеӣˣܽԼԼĻɵҶͷϣǣҶͿǵһ㣬ˡ
һ壬һ־档
ЩħսϵͳĹԱ
ڻɣҶ͹ܲˡ
ܹٳĹأݺҲһĳ߶ȡ
ָ֤һԱħ年ᣬҪɽһ֤ġ
ǴеĹԱάֵһߡ
ħ壬ڴܿĶǣ㡣
һԱ壬̸ĹϵǣʮϰٸԱ
ڴܣָ֤һԱħ年ᣬûɽ֤Ǵɣ
֮ħս󶼶ԭ֮ǰնɱٺӿħҶйϵûƾʵݵ£Ҳûκΰ취
˵ˣҶ滹ССġ
ҲҶص׵ɲǣո˵ٺӿɵطǧѵһָط
һɲǣǧѵһ㣬˷
ɽľҶ濴һˣȻ׷ҶСèʩչͨߵķ
Ҷ滹ûеִﱱ˾Ӫʱ򣬳һǧѾϵҶʩչݷʧĵط
Ǹָط£ǧЩץϹˣһĻ֮Щٴɢֿһ֣ȻҲ˵صס
״ҶִݲȵҽԼܲϢ˸ɸɾ
Ŵݵķ˱˾Ӫء
Ź֣˾ѾԼģҶ˻˱˾Ԫ˧ĵȺſܵ
һҹħս󶼶עƽ
󶼶ڣҹĴ󶼶ԭһˤ豭
󶼶ڣ˶
Ҷսפص˧٣ȻһֵħȻնɱ
ñĸ飿
ħɱػʹʲô
ǣҪòֵħԴԸԴ
õĺħս󶼶ԭȻޱȷŭơ
ˣܴУ̺ľ˵ķŭ
һ׷սսȥʱԭͻȻһ䡣
Ǹħֻնɱ˺ӿһˣûɱˣ
ش󶼶ϮĶ飬˧ٺӿ֮⣬ܵشһزͬơ
Щ֮ܵشȫǱħ޲깥ģܵˣܴ޷δе䣬ˤ˵ġ
ҵĿǰΪֹҴĳʱûзħټҲûзħ˵顣
ϿȷͻȻֵħĿֱָӿ࣡󶼶ıҲԭĵһҹ¿˵
Ŀꣿԭǳһ˿ЦӿЩ£
󶼶ѾˣӿһԱ˾¼Ҷв£֮
ЩԣǳʱӿҪȥҶı˾פأë
ͷë˵
Ҷ棿
ħս󶼶ԭ͵ֱ壬Ķˡ
ģô˵ħй᣿
󶼶ħսפ񣬸߼챻ħɱΣҲɹ١
ǣ٣ǵһαɱ
һǳҾ󷽸صĴɱҪ˵Ǳĵ¾Բš
ӶϿ¼Զ϶Ҷ棬ض˵
֤ǲеģ
ԭҡҡͷ֤飬Ҫ֤УСӣлʵ۹עҪɽ֤
򣬻պѰ
˵ԭһת¹شȥ֤һû֤ܲץϹ
ҶĵƣҪȱеĶడ


2100 ʵ۵
ʱսţ伶Ѿ߼𣬾Сֶϵ£Ĵš
Ϊħս󶼶ıĹ£ҲոմһһĴҶı˾פӪ뿪
һ
˸ϵ˾פصʱҶԪ˧һƱ죬һڴӪڣȺſܵ
Ϊħս󶼶ĵһңǿԶô󶼶ԭһЩΪ֪ġ
֧Уžͨصĺͨʿ
ǣڹµ̽н̸Уûκη
´󶼶һλ֪̽ԼʿȷѯʱҶ沢ûȫ˵滰
ǣأ
ǻɣû֤ݣûѰ֤ݵķǾ޷Ҷ档
ǴܹٳǱ֮һ
Ŀ͹ȥҶ棬Ц
֧ĵŴ󶼶ҶĻɣǣҲֻǻɣ
׼һ£һʱ֮ǰȥ󶼶Ȼȷ˴ЭפءҶ
ˣոյԻʹؼϱ߼Ӹڼܹܵ˽ӡ
ޣù
ʱյڼܹ㳯˽ؼ򣬻ͨʹϵģҶһֲõԤС
ùɨһۣҶʹסˡ
Ȼ
ҶСӣ㣬ɱٵħйأҪʵش𣬲һ㳯ڷԭš
˵㳯ѯʣ˵ʼ¡ѯʰˡ
ҶЩץϹ
ħս󶼶ߵķӦ뵽ˣҲ뵽ĺˡ
ǣΨػʹߵķӦҶֱû뵽
û뵽Ȼʼ¡˴ķӦֱͨ㳯ѯˡ
ؼǣħս󶼶ߣҶԾĺŪ
û֤ݣҲҺΡ
ǣ߾Ͳˡ
˵ʼ¡ҶĿǰĿɽҲҶԾĸԭԵıǮ֮һ
λʼҶħйᣬҶ浹ùӾͲԶˡ
룬˼СʱҶվʵʵ˵
ʵ˵һ£ԵħʬɵģǸٺӿ࣬ǡҪҿѰҶ鷳ųɵˡ
ҶţȻطô֪ߵ飬ôйؾٺӿԱ˾һ£ӦҲ
£Ҷʵʵ˵õѡ
ҪǷϣ浱ܹȵλôʼ¡ɵӣ
ܿģ㳯Ļţ֤Ҷľȷġ
ţȴЩЦ
СӺΪ֮ɣҪץס˰ѱϷɲ㣡УϷѾ׵ˡ
סϷûѯʹ£
㳯Ļš
꣬ҶЦˡ
㳯̬ȣʹʼ¡̬ȡ
ͬһʱ̣ػʹȪڣʼ¡һƬ̾һҶСӣʵⱾ£Ҳǳϡħܸ㵽һߣŪֽͷöģ
ţһ£Ǳ߻ûħ䣬Ǿּ⣬˳ԤᣬħսѲ˾ֲһ£ѵõĻᣡ
ǣūסˣ
õһõУʼ¡̾̾ĺߣȴԽԽͣǺõûеʣþˣ»˵
ߵѾˣ㳯ɫȴǲıһ¡
ͬһ糿ս˧٣һλħϮɱϸʹ˸սеи߼졣
ţսľȼᵽߵȼȫ䱸
սĸ߼ķӦǣ¼䵽ս˧ٵĶУȴֲһˡ
Σ£̫ˣս˧ۺ¼֮󣬲ͣҡͷ
˧ħУûκδɱֵģ´ɱһսĶı˧мֵĶࡣ
£̫ˣ
ˣ᲻ӿ˴оϵͳڲϢйأһı˵
ڲϢȫԱ˾ڲϢ֮䣬ս˧ۺ飬ͻȻͱ粻ɫһɲǸӵ˼㡣
ƵͶԻϲвսľפڷţһʱ䣬˾Ҷ⼸ۣħսľϵͳڣصһӡǣ
һ˾Լɵӡǣ

˾Ԫ˧Ҷ棬󶼶ǰ
ͨʱһĴ󶼶ԭͷûֻ̧вı»ĸ֡
ţ
һʹӴҶ̫б
Ҷ׼
ԭҪǲһɫǲŽйء
ĺӿĿԣӦǽɵҶַûɹ
Ҷ浽ǰֻˡ
һ㣬Ҷ׼ĺܳ֡
ʳŲ¯С룬ڴ󶼶һ࣬ԶȻĺ˲ˮĿ⡣
ھƣҶǲġ
Υ飬Ҷǲġ
˵ҶȻԵڴ󶼶ſںȲʱһǰµͲСУ󶼶ԭ𲨼ʮӡ
ⲢǴ󶼶ԭСû
ѾŪĽͷöˡ
ħӰӶûв鵽Ѳ˾ĹѾˣԴǼϬ
˵ѾдԹ׼飬ޱȵı
ô󶼶ԭżǣȻѲ˾ĹѾˣôʵ۵ּ⣬ҲԶ˰ɣ
ֻҪʵ۵ּɾͲǱϵ⣡
ҲΪԭ򣬴󶼶ԭһֱҶ治Ҷ档
ֱʼ¡ּ⣬оʹѲ˾ʹִ


2101 
ʼ¡ּѲ˾ʹĵִķˣҶеĻҪ󣬻Ҫ졣
֮˵죬ΪѲ˾;ʹոյִսľ߾Ԫ˧ѣ顣
ԵħǱ룬
ѲķԤ󣬷һŵ쳣ȴû׷飬ħ֡
ͬʱ⾸߾Ԫ˧Ѫ飬¿ΪһʮĿ๦ķϣ޶һ·
ԼԸأʥϣԲãѪϴܣ
յѪѲ˾ʹ;ʹϹȥʱ򣬾߾Ԫ˧ʬѾ䡣
꣬ҲѾʧˡ
ۼ֤ԲõױԣԪ˧֮Ը£Էɢ
޶֤ˡ
ȻѲ˾;ʹɲǺúŪġ
һħǱ룬ɲһԪ˧޾ܹŪȥġ
˳ϵھ߾֮׷
һ׷鲻Ҫһ׷飬һ
Ϊ߾Ԫ˧֮ǰѾ׷һ飬ֵѲֵĲӾ˧ͳһɸ߼һʮһȫ¡
ֵؾ󷨵ľټʿһһǧһˣҲȫ£
Ѳ˾;ʹͣҲûа취ʹ
ϢҶеʱʵҶһ
ֻҶôģȫҶġ
߾Ԫ˧ȴѪ飬һɾʿȫ¡
Ҷ޹ġ
ǣȴȫ¡
Ǳµԭ򣬾ֵ˼ˣ߾Ԫ˧ѵ
Ǿ˲̬ʹս
ǣʵּʹѲ˾ʹɲǺúŪġ
Ĵ׽ֵؾʣսĻ̡̻
ǣڶϣ߱Ԫ˧ѵѪ飬ʹսĴսҲдſʼ֡
һľޱȵͨʿг֡Ѳ˾ʹǣ¼ǳ彫߻ƽǰ߽ʿѪᣡ
ֱӵ־ԹٵѲ˾˾ԤѲ˾ʹ£ѩƬķǬ
Ѳ˾ʹǻ֮Ǻǰ߽ʿ֮ģﵱ塣
һѲ˾ʹд˾ԤܣҲˡ
ϸǻ๥ڦʼ¡ְԹʷλ
һϵеı仯ҶĿɿڴ
һٶѣû뵽ȻָһƬҡ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷʶ
ħս飬ҪеĻҪӵĶࡣ
ܹþ߾Ԫ˧ԲáѵѪһҹ֮䴫飬þˣ˴󶼶ԭ˭
ִľӰ
Ҿߣն
ЩԣۣҾģֻҪٳһ£ôܴÿ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷʶ֮٣Ѿʼ¡ħս󶼶ԭĶ֮С
׼ȷ˵Ҷʼ¡ּʱ򣬾;ⳡ
ԭ׼һԪ˧Ѫ飬ƽϢ£ǣʼ¡ȴᡣ
ʼ¡Ǹߵ˾߾Ԫ˧޶ʥּ·ħս󶼶ԭִо֮ʣ⿪
ĺԭɶһ㡣
ʼ¡һʥּħǱ룬¹شħս󶼶ԭ֮ڣѳħնɱûա
Ѳ˾;ʹκΣǶٶս쾡ѳħնɱ
ʥּʼ¡˲ǣפѲ˾;ʹȴ˸ĽӴսĻᡣ
󣬸ҶĿɿڴˡ
ʥּ´󣬶սһɽĵضУ˾춯һħϢԡ
ûãħս󶼶ԭʼ¡ѳħ٣Ҳϧնɱħħһ
һϵģһޱȵħʬ塣
ʼ¡ȻʥĴοּνļν͵ķ͵ġ
ΨµʼٸҶ棬ͷ淢ĳء
úõĴռڣħս󶼶ԭȴӲɱһֵħ
飬мֿܣħǡǱˣҲп֮ǰǱģҲп֮ǰǱ룬һֱûзĵȵȡ
ǣеĿܣһַǳ˵Ŀܡħս󶼶ԭħϵйᣡ
һ뵽һ㣬Ҷһֲĸо
ܶħսǧĴ󶼶ܵȻħ
ĺ̫ˡ
أ
Ҷͷͷ
һ˲䣬ҶʶУܱеĻҪֲ
ƫѾûκ˳Ŀܡ
һ˳κһĥһʳɷ顣
ҶΨһģǳΪһĥᶨʯƣһֱȥͿԽƣ
ңҶţʼ¡Ҳ޵ΪҶѾʵʵ˵ˣԭȴָһħ¼
̸ԭ޴ǵ
¼ȷʵˣõħʬ壬ʼ¡ʹͷء
ħսĴ󶼶ԭħսɴεĿ¡
н֮ڴ󶼶ȲʮҶ棬ڱ󶼶ԭ


2102 Ӣ
ȲҶ桢ǰħսЭʱ˾ʿǰ󶼶
󶼶´⣬Ҷ汨룬ǹء
ͬʱҶ˫ֹؾصĵһӸ˱˾˧ӡ¼˾
Աɣ죬еԼȵȡ
Ǳĳ򣬵ȻʱģҲֻǱϵĶӦ֪ݣҶȻϱ
Ҷͷȴûе󶼶ԭǵһλ¾ٵ߳
󵨣
󶼶֮ǸԪ˧һνʱйݴ񣬴˺еϥ֮
˾Ԫ˧һν󶼶ţȥشһޣ
žһ߳¾ƻҶ
һûжãֻǶ˴Ҷ档
ⲻСҶ档
֪ɵҶ塣
һץҶ棬ǾʹҶ淴ˡ
˳ƸҶ氲һǰ죬˳ˡ
ҶȴһҲġ
ҶԤˣԣҶҲ׼
˹ɲǣһССīɫӡҶͷɳɢһסҶȫ
ͬһɲǣʹӰҶͷ֡
ʹӰͷˣ֮кĴ½ǧģͬһã֮кĴ½ľӰͬá
ͷڻζͶ䣬𶯣Ӱıǿһ׹⡣
׹Ҷ棬һֶҶͷɢĪĺϢ
ֱ˹ľϢһ壬һͣͲκζ
¼Ϊɣͨعλ󣬿ɼ۲ݣ
ĳŴصķ˹֣󶼶֮λĪǱȱ»Ҫ󣿡
󵨣
¾ٴ߳
һֱĬԭȻЦ֪߲ְ֮нʿսֻɱҲΪһ֧
󶼶ˣ˾ִٳɾ󶼶֮ơҶǵԭ棬ǴԽ࣬ҶԽСġ
ΪǲСģͻԭڵľ޿֮С
ٵĿڵѣڴ˿ʵ֮١
ΪҶλãܡ
ʵϣúܴ
Ҷһǰ󶼶ԭЭԪ˧ǰ㱨ĸ죬ϰˡ
˿̣˶µȺš
žٿĵΪ˲ϢȺЩɫˡ
һҶĿ⣬Ǻ棬ǿ͵ùһ
Ȼûж壬ʶԶҶ档
ǾٷſõĵҶٵá
㼸仰Ѿ˴󶼶Ա˾̬ȡ
ңֱ̬һ㴫ħսĸ߼֮С
ӽħսЩ߼죬ֻҪûģ¶ҲԸҶҶı˾κν
֮ղһСϢҶı˾ħս׵˹
˹¾
´⣬ȺӼԪ˧̴ʱһЦ⡣
󶼶̬ȣҶı˾Ժħս²˳СѾͨ鱨ȡݲ飬÷ⲻ˳
һԺлᣬ÷ǳС
һǵĦҶ潫Ŀ⿴˹ȥ
ȥʱҶȴ΢΢һ
ԭܣ
Ҷ澹Ȼ´õ󣬼˿ԭܡ
ҶԾҶԾǿԭģ
ԭԭܰװֵģһŵģ˿̣ȴƼݣݲ˵ͷЩϡˡ
Ҷ濴ԭзŭֱҶģֶأ
ԭܲǵִ֮֮ϸķ£˭أ
ȥĻɶ񣬾Ҷˣ
룬ǡҶ֮ͨʹ󷨾ͱˣû죬Ҷı˾Ӫ뿪ˡ
ǰӪ뿪ĵҹͳǵ£Ƿһƨծǳ˾Ĵӡ
Ҷ棬ǲŽй֡
ףү⻰Ӻ˵·ҫǣĳݻһºүأֻǺүڣʹˡҶһ޹
Ҷ治⻹ãһ£ԭܾŭգǶӵһҶ涯֡
󶼶ԭʱһÿԭס֣ε˻ȥ
ߣҶģ˸㣬ħսսѲ˾˾Ժٲö׽ԭһЦ
ףүλˣ
ߣҫǾеֵУξְأ¾еռ䲻ȱ¾еȫ٣ǰħսЧԺе׽ĻᣡԭĶҶ棬ֱҶ档
ԭǵ£Ҷʵ֪ˣҫʹ˵飬Ҳֻ֪û뵽ԭܾȻҲħսЧ
Ҳǣԭܴ֮Ҫ;
Ѳ˾˾
ҶǼ䷢һߣǾҪϲүүҪСһ㣬Ӣţڵľ٣ħҪĿ꣬ǰ죬͸ոһλɱ
Ҷһԭܾ͵شһս£û˵
ǳв
ͬʱ󶼶ԭı£¾٣ħսһھ٣;㶼߳
󵨣
˲Ϣ䣬ʮ絶һʵʵĿ⣬ʮĺ⣬ĶסҶ棡


2103 ѪҪ
ܹħս󶼶´еĽ죬κһǿʵʵľʬɽѪɱġ
ɱɷʵʡ
ͨߣǶһۣΪǵ͵ߣǶһۣҶ
ͬǶսʵҪѹϡ
񣬴ڵļʮŴ󶼶ԭĸ죬ͬʱҶʩѹʵʵɱɷͬʱҶ档
¶ȣ˲Ϣͽ˱㣬ֱһֵˮɱĺ䡣
վڼĴſڵĴ󶼶ԭ̲סһսĺ
Ǽ⡣
ҪվڴҶλãǹͻȥˡ
Ҫ֪ʸ󶼶ԭ´ſڵģȫ۷ľ
ǣɱ籩еҶ棬ȴ·ûһ㣬ֱ˷·ŭһϮɱЦĿ˿ԭܡ
զˣ˧ֻʵʵ˵ѣֻǺĵĸүѡѣúүСĵ㣬úүġӢš
˵ӢšĸֵɲǣҶĿһʵʵɱط·ɽ鱩һ˿ԭܡ
ɱ⣬ڳаȴʵʡ
ʱ˿̣ڿԭУҶ濴һ۵ɲǣѪ˾ϮȥѪУ˻
ľһԭ͵صһڴ󶼶ԭ͵֮С
ԭɱҶһڽ죬ɫ˲Ϣͱѿޱȡ
ӣ
Ҷ澹ȻЩܳɱ
ֻ˵һ¡Ҷ̣ģӵĶ࣬ӵĺ
ǵɱѾҶ𲻵κá
һ㣬ǲСҶ棬ཫУС֮ɫ
󶼶ԭһ˿𣬡ܰҶѵҲడǰħŰҪСˣӢţ
żԭĿڣһŨŨɷɨҶ滹һڽɱɢһɶԭܶΪޱȽŶýӲֽţŻָ
λɷ
ɱһʣʱһ񣬾ִܹ죬
󶼶ģħҪĸҵ鷳Ҷȥ޻أعļĶҶ棬ҧޱӲĻһ䡣
ǣ˭Ҳûз˵ޱӲĻͬʱ۵УȴŨŨľɫ
һ󶼶ԭǰͳһޱȵĵͼʾҶǰͼɵĿֻô߰˴Կ
ذɡ
Ŵ󶼶ԭ𣬴󶼶һߵҶǰޱ˵ĹأħսЭӣһΧѡԼҵЭפء
㱱˾һԱʮ򣬰ģܹפصֻоǡҪ½ĿǰûпȱֻܴҪͱפص㵱ѡ񡣡˵
ħսϵȻӣʵҲ򵥡
ħս󶼶ܶȫ֣󶼶һжϡսÿս趼һսһо
ÿս֮ڣ˶ܱߵӪפأ½ΪߡǣҪݡݵ㡢̨
½פвͬ
ͬķפص̵ͬһߣıԱҲҪʮϡ
ǵıԱҪٶˣСľפҪʮͬʱЭϲפĵط
֮£Դ࣬ȫӵǿʩȫЭĺõط
ͨԣĺõطһĹֲ˵Ҷ󶼶гͻĹˡ
ҪıԱפʮ򣬱ݵפСͬһ𣬵ʮ֮䡣
Ҫͱ־½֮£ٵѹҪȾǸ߲١
ȻͬλãѹҲǲͬġ
ʱ¸Ҷѡ񣬾ֻҪˡ
вսĿǰʣݿѡս
ٶȣҶһѡҪͱݡ
սûҶѡģĴսڣɹҶѡģһҪͶʮĸݿѡ
ʵϣŹ¸ĵص㣬ܹҶѡĵطֻʣҪˡ
ʮĸݵУפٵһ򣬿פʮһսݡ
ǣҶĴжʮ
פռ䲻ôһִͱפڱ⡣
פûзıפħսϳפȥǸħĳӰħͷûʲô
ԣʮԱƼľ½УݾͱȫųˣֻʣҪɹҶѡ
ǣҪҲҶȫܹѡġ
Ҫ֮УҪפֻʮҶɲѡ
֮ɹҶѡŵ㣬ֻҪˡ
ҪֱսĻɽҪɱԱʮ򣬻ϲսĿϪҪɱԱʮԼսѪҪɱԱʮ
Ҷֻѡ
ʵϣսԵĽǶʺҶѡפأֻ
ֱɶʮԱĻɽҪԼɱԱʮĿϪҪ
ҶжʮʮĴӪУȥˣҲѡ
ڱսѪҪԵеˡ
Ҫ֪ҪɵıԱԽ࣬ʹҪԽ󣬷Խ
ϪҪԱ֮ҪάֿϪҪҪʿ䡣
ҶĶʮУ֮⣬ʱսģֻжʮ
κһ֧ܳʱִоһʱ󣬱õϢ滻ʱ䳤ʮפ
פؿϪҪҶµĴޱȵĳ֣ƵĻôʱָ̱߰ĸ
ɶʮԱĻɽҪǾҶĶʮһ»һΣʿҲԵõֵϢҲʱлս
ǱսѪҪҶı˾פȥеѾˡ
ѪҪʮԱ£ִչҲԽ١
һս£ս߸Եĵ˸࣬ӵķɢѹ
֮ѪҪܲʣϿųˡ
ôҶѡ񣬾ֻлɽҪͿϪҪˡ
͵λ϶ԣҪ࣬ħ·ϣħĽ·ߣ˭֪أ
£ҶӦôҪѡһΪ˾פء
ǣҶȴᵽһַͬѰζ
Ԥ裡
ҶֻܶѡһҪǴ󶼶ͨҶԤפѡ
Ҳ˵ǵļƻУҶפأֻҪ֮һ
˵ϣ뽫Ҷ氲Ҫ֮С
Ҫ϶ûʲô⣬ԺأǾ˵׼ˡ
ҶĿ⣬ͻأģ˱սѪҪϡ
󶼶ѡפѪҪܿģҶ˾
󶼶ԭÿɷĺһı޸õ˵ͷѽѪҪһӦǷƣܱߵͼ½ϸӸ˾
飬ö˵
Ҷ㣬һʱ䣬ŽЩˣʮڣһΣ󶼶ȴûκεΪѣһж˳
ʣµģǴŴѪҪˡ
ҹæµһĴ󶼶ԭںլİ˼µСˣµһҹ±߳Աġ
£һεƣǾˣ㶨Ҷ棬ȻѡѪҪģ˵䣬󶼶ԭյͷһ
²ûϴ𻰣ִƺȴ󶼶ľյŻ󶼶Ҷ˽е˾˾оظȫұ֮¾Ҷе¼
еϸ¼ÿ֮еѡ·¾ǽЩ£ȫ飬Сá
ţ󶼶ԭһӾӨźƬ
ӱ濴ȥȫƾö׳嶯ʵϣÿµı󣬶ı󶯣һ˿ɱȣνǼǡ
һεİţǴĽǶȣһμǵѡȻ¾ƶϳѡˡŶĹ£һš
ôʣ飬Ҳͽˣ
ԣ˽󶼶ԭϰߵĹ£Ķ
ֻһҪǾҪҶ棬ţȫıɱǾսֻ
ңʱ䲻ϵ̫˵ԭһҪĳЩףֲ̫ħսǱĵ̣
ԣ𣬳Ŵ󶼶ԭһҾ󶼶ģ£һ꣬¶ǸҶĺ񶼶֮ģ
󶼶ԭǻĵ˵ͷǱڴļˡ
붼

˾פ˧ڣ͡ٴεҡҡͷˣԭǵ󶼶ڵԲǧ֮ڣһ
ˣ
Ҷεĵ˵ͷͨǵһ˿ǣҲ
ؼͨطͨһпͨط
㣬ȥҹ췹ӪǰսѪҪҶȵ
ǣˣ
˧⣬ҶĿ⣬Զʱսķ
Ҷ潫פصѡѪҪʵǸйءԤ衯ļƽϣҪǣʥʼ¡ٻּйϵ


2104 ū
ѪҪλħսսƫС
ܱɽ࣬棬Եɽγһ޴ƻVΡ
ѪҪʹVεײ
ܱɽ֮УһӺС
磬ӱпӣΪˮɽбŲתԼֳ֮ͱΪӡ
ǣǰһսħ˫Ͷıǧ뿪ģûһ롣
֮峺Ŀӵĺˮʹһ˿Ѫɫҹ䣬ûҫֱӾһѪӡ
ģѪΪơ
ǰһս֮ԭֻפĿӾͱΪʮԱѪҪһֱ
ѪҪפϱʮʮĸС;±ݣ¾ݵʮ̨ٸ
ĸС;±ݣҪפһÿ¾ݵפҪһǧÿ̨פ֧Сӹˡ
֮Ͻľ½پҪɳȥˡ
ʮĴԱҶеıҪľֻˣʮֽˡ
㰴ҶĿǰʮ㣬ȥĺ󱸾ʮٷֳȥѪҪģʮ
е״Ҳʮֽš
ѪҪʮԱޣûе
һҪפɣɲЩ
ū
ܵޱȣÿΪбūˣʤ
ĳЩΪϿһеİգūΡ
Щϵϵˣͻᱻȫ䵽ħսū
Ϊū֮ˣͻᱻ䵽ս䲻ͬĵط
пɵŮԣᱻӪˣòеģܻᱻһЩи߼챣̺һˣ̺ãͿˡ
ԣеΪᱻǰ߸ӣҲνڻҡ
΢еϣǣֻҪлնɱħ壬ܹūݡ
նһͿ䷢һװնͿ뿪ӣһӪ
ն׾żͿԳ׵ϴˢūݣѡڱ߾ЧҲѡתԭΪͨա
µλļͬеūǲͬ
ֳħս󶼶ĹطӡŴҹ̸·һ֮ҶڵִѪҪ
ѪҪʱפһȰ˪λҪҶߺöࡣ
ҪԱпӵʱҶλ˪˼򵥵Ľ̸
˪Ѿħսפ˽ʮһ꣬յȵҶǰνϲޱȡ
ϲУŨŨƣ֮ɫ
ѪҪȻλò̫ҪΪԭ򣬲ħҪϮĿ꣬СģɧȴһֱûжϹ
ʱʮܸűȥģֻжʮʮֵܡ룡
˪ľǰƣǽһˮȦŽһһ۽Уһ£۽ǵеĹ֮вͣת
һĻҶ涯ݲѡ
˪ĴҲûʲôպ֮ǣļغֵþġ
룡
ҶҲȽһˮأһˮơ
Щ̨;¾ݵ㣬һҪɱԱСġʵѪҪĵλöԣѪҪЩ±ݵפûΣա
Σյľפٵľ¾ݵͷ̨˪ڸҶ˵
¾ݵͷ̨ҶЩ⣬ħֻ̨;¾ݵ㣬СģɧϮ𣿡
ûУ
ΪʲôҪô
˪Щ룬ʳܣƸū߽Ϊɱ¾
仰Ҷ鶸һࡣ
ģħıԣ˲ϢǽһҶͷը
ҶЩ꣬ħ壬඼ħڵĹ߻壬֮ʣҶʶĽǵһ
ֱ˪仰Ҷħıԣųֹħʱʵ䡣
壬еħУʳǲƸǾ
Խǵͽ׵ħ壬ϲԽǰ
ǰ嵱ʳ
ħڵ˵Ѫ⣬̺ʳΪԽǿ壬Խ̺Խࡣ
֮⣬ˣǵΪԷɱ䡣
һ㣬岻һ
ˣЩͨûõģֻгЩΪǿѪ⣬ܹΪ
ǣħ岻һΪµ壬˶ΪɿԿǵǡ
һ㣬עħļֵ
ҲħֹĽս
дܵʷעԣħؾʱ˳ʱսۣ֮ħսʵһʳս
ңʵЩ̨ȫԲפͿԱܴ
սֵܣһפطֵ̨ܡ
缸͸ٿԼ֮һ˪ָҶһ顣
лҶ治ÿɷĵ˵ͷ
ˣҲˣʹˣʮһˣҲϢϢˣ
һ֣˪һ£פѪҪʮ½ǣҶı˾½ǣӹܳǷ
ӿûô򵥡
ܱ߾±ݣ¾ݵ㣬̨ĽӣҪͷһĽС
ֽӣ˰£ǳ׽ϡ
Ҷı˾ǳ׽ӹѪҪߣҲʽʼЭħս
˪Ľȥǲǣ׵ķ̨ԤҶɲҡ
Ҷ浨Ӳ󣬶ǣʱ˿̣Ҷˣ̫ˡ
ҶҪǸҷͻ鷳
һַ̨ԤԱ˶ԣڲ񣬶ҶԣǿܾǴ鷳ˡ
ڶԣҶһ׮Ҫ졣
ū
ѪҪūĹ
ˣѪҪҾһǧūлӪһǧ࣬ūӪǧˣսǿӪǧˡ
ڴ֮ǰЩūɢѪҪĴ֮УѾȫеѪҪ͵ʾˡ˵
һתҶʹڼǧūУϿա
ȣӽ𣬻һɲūл򣬱ұ˾ɳΡԭȵūһɳοۡҶ˵һ
һӣʱһӶڱ˾Ƶľʿ˳ǧū»ŷϵ˿ȺС
ڸ߿УҶ濴ūͷūӡǣūӡūӡǣ̺ޱȵĽơ
ֻҪһΣ֮УҲͬūӡǣֻҪѣطѰټԴ߶طһ֮ڣ˲䱩У
ūӡҲģǻģ
һ£ҶͺȻȥеū¼Ӹһūӡǣ
һŻȴūУʱͷ


2105 ·
Ϊʲô
ˣҵѾūӡΪʲôҪ¼Ӹūӡǣ
ˣҪǱ˽ū𣿡
ħսϴƴūؼյʱգһ˽ūǾһӵū
ֹһūȫū
Уǲ˽ū
˽ū
ԣǲ˽ū
Ҷڵʱ򣬽ūУͿʼзӯ죬Եһ˸߹һˡ
ЩūȺ鼤ߵվ
һĻҶû˵ֻʩһɫе죬һӡ
˳ģͽ׼Ѳ񽫺Ѳԡ
һūͼмͻأӰһ·һ㣬ūȺ֮С
ն
ն
˲Ϣ䣬ϢǿūֱӱЩѲ񽫸ѲסӪūõɲǣȻз
͵õѲǣûκεԥģһӣε֮նõͷ­ͳ
ʬѲֶ£ðɵľѪԼڳ鴤ʬ壬ūϵѪɫʱȥ
ҵģȴ˵꣬ҶλļͷȾһָɳ˸ոնݳ꣬ͷҽ
һūӦڱ˾ľƻĳһūȺС
Ǹץ
ŷ̽ľֱӴūȺһһץˣץūһЪ˹ļУûץģһ
ʮĹԭȷзӯĽūǵıͣٷһǻ
ΪĹҶץߵģٳһǧˣնɱūʮˡ
УŨŨѪζ
űץһǧˣҶЦΪ˧ǺúŪǰɣ
㣬Щˣһȫ̿ʣû֮ǰ
һ£ЩץūеĵҶеЪ˹ָҶ
Ⱦˣȫеūӡҷ߲ߣն⣡
Ҷһûʲôˡ
ʣµǧū촽ŷȥһļ˾г˾ľȻ
ūʲô
һȺ֮ˣˣûʬ
Ҷֶʰͨʿ鷳ūҶҸɣȫɱˣҲκ鷳
˸Ҷ氲һɱͷˡ
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Ҷ֮ԭġ
ЩūȻǴܵģΪԼǾ仰ūӡģǻġ
ϴһ飬ؼʱ̣ܸҶͱһ
ȫ֧ôҶԸȫնˣҲ
ԩԩģҶѾˡ
սȲƱ
ߣΪūģǾǴɷµĸ֮ˣҲˡ
Ҷһ˾ȥһūûһġ
ƫƫһЩгԶ
һλž¼εļ˾ʮλ¼ϰλǼԶ˹
ס֣
ס֣
ԶԶģͷľ¼ʹЩūȫսȫĵǺôĵӣȻҽǱ˽ū
Щӣס֣
ŭ䣬ľ¼һͿһĳ˳ŷūӡһλ˫¼ȥ˹Բݺݵȥ
ݱԼߵľ¼λ˫¼һ£֪ôãλݿǼɭϡ
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飡
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л˽
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䣬ոӿĸǶͬˮһȥˮڣ͵ذ׳˻
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ҶһЦ羫ڣ̰һͬһλЪ˹ľ¼ǰ
һϣλ¼һУԼͬʱ֡
ҲֻǸ֣ҶǻľĻ£׵٣ڻ⻪ֱ⣬һڡ
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һǼ¼ĿɿڴĿУҶŭ߳һ£ļ˾ͳȥҷһڼ˾ãһʩĶŽơ
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λ¼ʱǷӦ˹ţս˾ҶȻ󣬵ȴȨǣ
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ͬΪ˾ȻҶսͻսֻӡҶء
Ҳһ飬ҶҲý̫
ȳʹ˽ҹһͻȻҶУȴĳѶ
ɨһۣҶĿͱɭޱȣȷʵȨǣǣǸոտǹ˱·˰
ҶӨһһ۵˵ģж޳ܾж޳ܣ


2106 
Ҷ·ϵһ¼³ɫʱһ䡣
·ɴС
Ҫ׷ǿɲ棬Ϊߴ۷ľ¼ҲԲ˺á
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³ĽͣҶֶûȥԹԵĳһԵļͷȾȵԱ壬ĸս˵ǵо˾³Ϸ£ԸŰ졣
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Ҷϵģսµļ˾ƸսԼãôսĴãܾͻеҪصĶࡣ
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ֻǣû뵽Ҷĺǵ֮УһԲϣֱº֡
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ǰͶ϶ҶפصҪƣκ˻ð
һֿܣ˵һ⣬Ҷĵ˵УŴ󶼶ԭ
ҪȻûмԭ֧֣κҲܽô
⣬ҲҶҪȥĸԭ
Ȼūж˲ãôЩ˾У᲻вأ


2107 ܵ
սħս󶼶ߵһۡڣ󶼶ԭĸҲ󶼶һı£ոյһķ顣
һ
ЩūҶĸʰˣҲпԭûжǱʲôϣ³Щսо˾ôô׵ľͽĸ˳ȥأ
³䣬޴˼㣡ѵ֪սҶ֮䣬оԹǳǵѹΪҶ
˿̵õϢĲı£һŭ
Ǿ¼³ǰĻָ³伸ӡ
෴ģոõѪҪĸҶ棬ȴеҡ
˵ҶսĹϵΣҶˡ
Ϊ˴սõֻӡѹǿҶǲս˺ˡ
սҶӣԼˣ
ǻܣ
ңѪҪĸľ¼³ҪǲԸ⣬ĽĸҶ涥ݳٱӣҲû취
û뵽ǣ³侹ȻҶŵˡ
ЭѪҪĸˡ
ҶƣӦ³һﳤħս֪սһЩڲ
սҶ¼ս˵ЩˣͲ֪ԽԽء
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ΪפѪҪūо˾ѪҪܿ׳ˡ
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ԣҪĽıҪ
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ʦηɰҲûж˵ǰЩıҶ˼
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ʦ㣬ҴˣǺǲˬ죬ҴûСκһŮˡҶæı֤
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۵ҪԽƷΪʵԭʹΪһ㣬Ҳʮ־ˡ
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ҪƵĲϱҲЩƤķ㹻ǿƷʺܴҶΪ˸ʱֻǽƣûнϸ
Ҫʱ䣬ٽоϸƣٻɡ
Ҫʦ֪ҶĶˡ
˼ƷϣҶȴֻͨƣҪǷŵÿһԶԳΪǵĳ۷
һǧ׾ܵҶ潫ȫװµѲ񽫣Ѳԣб˾ľ˧ͳ졢Уξ⼸и߼ϡ
ټѲѲԵѲԶΪĵʱзӦͱĻᡣ
һǾֲսȫսҶָϵͳ̫ױ̱ãҲȡޱȱķӦʱ䡣
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פѪҪʮһ֮󣬱˾ķǳ׵졣
ҲڷոʱҶһʱ򣬽ӵҴҸһء
ˣˣ


2108 ʧ֮
ʲôˣҶ汻ҴҸһ
ˣѲ߶ʧʧˣ
ԣҶվʧʧжˣ
ܾƣһʮˣһһʮˡ
ѪҪϵУ˱鲼ıݡݵ㡢̨֮⣬ÿ춼ԸΪģɳΪλѲ߶ӣʵز鿴ݵ㡢̨
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ڣѲ߶ȴʧ
ⱳĿԣ̫ˡ
Ŀԣħ롣
ҪǣһħѪҪûзֻ߱ħѪҪķǱ˺󷽡
ǰ߿ܻҶԪ˧´һΣ֮Ҫ֣ʮδӦսǲˡ
ںߣӰˣһʵħս󶼶ԭսľپͿֱþնҶԪ˧ͷ
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˵˵ɳ֪ħսڵ뱤ɳʲô̶ȡ
ҲЩ뱤ʱʱҲ⵽ħϮӣᱻҪȻжˡ
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ҶȴǶһۣӶԷп˾ɫ
£뱤϶ûġ
˵Ҷ㣬ǲ뵽뱤ġ
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Ϊʼ¡ٻּּ⣬ħս뱤йأҲҶ潫˾פѡѪҪҪԭ


2109 ص
ѡ뱤ľµλפصص㣬Ȼ£в帽뱤ʵʵ౨עĪݾߡ
ϣʼ¡ٻּݡ
һҶͷðּ
뱤ʵ
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ҲΪԭ򣬷֧ʧٵѲ߶Ӿⶨ뱤ʱҶ治Ľϵ˶뱤ϡ
ûзħǱĺۼֻԭˡ
С뱤ĺ򣬾ĿĻľҶ֣Ҷ淢СľӣĲһ£˲Ϣ䣬СǵԪڸϵ޲ڵĻľУ˶뱤ķ
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뱤ϱԼһǧ˰ԼŰСΡ
ΧĺʵޱȸߴɵĳǽЩǽϱ·ģȴ־󷨡
ǽϱߺϿգɢɢϢӥѲţֻԤǣǶ뱤ľ԰ȫ
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ң֧Ѳ߶黹ҶŶ뱤ǵķԶǷġ
ԭҶȥôû뵽·߲ͨ
ֻǱйȥˡ
ֻһһڵģѾˣҼһĴ̶Ѿˡ
Ҷķ֣ЩĶ뱤գڻתԼҳ극֮󣬲ûźȿͷϢ
׷߳ţŸԾ۾ݵС뱤ȥ
뱤һ뱤
ܱڶ뱤أԲ֮ڶǣһб䣬Щգѹûʱ䳷붨뱤ġ
ܱߣŸָĴСһС뱤ԹΣʱԱ
ϣǧİգͯ˸С뱤
Ҫʲô
Ҷɻ
ǣҶͶЩ뱤ƨɺߣǵҪʲô
ڸǽС뱣֮ǰһ
Щ뱤ڣڽС뱤󣬷׷׺һ⻪˸ĵͨ
Ȼ±һص׽
ҶԾǣݣȻ޷ǰĵص׽
Ҫǣ赲ҶжݷĹؼҶҲϤڏԸ
·ĵص׽󷨽Уһ˿΢ԸϢ
һ˿΢ԸϢȴҶֱʧЧ޷롣
ҵǣҶ޷Ǳ飬Ϊ
Ϣ֮󣬻΢飬͸һյЬϣɹ½
½ɲǣĿһ񣬾ͽҶˡ




2110 ֮ı
޴ĵص׿ռ䣬һʮƫ󹩷һҶ
ڹģµ棬׹ҶȴϤ
½Ҷ涼εʮҶ涼ʶԿ϶﹩ȫһ
ʱ˿̣ϵĹġ
ӻûеĸɫġӡһӦһֱЩĿ⣬øӵϣӵרע
õɣӣÿûһΣƺѾޱȣͷϸ
˫Ըӵຣ޲֣˫
˵һһͣ
ԭظǼӵģ˵аϵ˽룬ڶУȴһɣöޱȣ˱ܵһָһеĳ嶯
ҶһҪ֪־ʯȻҲܵӰ죿
ɼڹƻӰķı¡
ҶԾǣʵԸ
ЩÿмģϿգͻ۳һѼĽɫ
ЩɫЩʱɵԸֱһͨѼԸ
ҲֻҶĲԸߣܿԸ
ЩԸֵɲǣʮͷ׷׷ĪǣЩͨ˿Ըǡ
󣬸ЩɢĪĴСͬЩԸ˺ɴСͬķȻ׷׳һ֮С
ЩԸĳ룬ЩϢӵ
УµһԸµߵİڵַһС롣
ʣµһС룬ʮߣûг׷ֹ⡣
һԸڶϷ֮󣬻űͷ˿ҪϸһԸ
һƱͷ˿ҪϸԸֳַ˼ϸ΢ĴСͬϰٷݣֱڶ·һڵŹͷڡ
ݵģɢŵϢʦİݣϰʦ
ȻԸ΢΢ǣЩĴʦʦǣһ
ңͽÿһģͿ۳һöԸ
ҶĸожϣһöԸ̺Ը൱ҶһԸӵеʮ֮һ
֮ÿʮԸ൱ҶɳջһԸ
ڣҶһ첻ܹԸۻУ̶̰ӣ۵Ըͳʮ䣬൱Ըˡ
Ҫ֪ɳҶӵͽܻúԸ
ǰЩԲǿͽıȴʽ£ǿһԸ
龰ʵҶ𾪲ѡ
ռԸٶȣҪǴȥԻеĶΪ֮𺳡
Ҷҿ϶ͬĵصԲֹǰһ
ȥռôԸ
һ϶಻˵ʱǵռôԸ
Ȼ˵˺ܶ࣬ʱȴǺܿɹˡ
Ҷǣĵʽһʱ
ɲǣûЩӣһ죬ѣ
潫ɿմʦ귨һֵӵмλΪߵĵ۷ʦͻȻڿն
һȽȽ𣬽ס֮ʣ겨ɢմʦͽνĴ
Ҷ澪ǣմʦûãоȻһ
ΣһڱմʦĿ⣬ֱ飬һæĤݲѡ
˵ǣմʦвӳĽƮȽȽ䵽ϰͷûǵ塣
󣬸ָ龰׷׸֡
һλ˫Ŀʧߣû֮˫ĿͻȻ䷺΢⣬ԭȵɫڶʱʧָֻʡ
һλ񴯵ıûɲǣ겻õĶ񴯣תۼˡ
һʱ䣬澰
ж֫ģа׷ڵģʮλϢһȰþδͻƵƿͻȻͻˡ
һĻһڱ׷Ϊ񼣣֮࣬һſմʦµķĤݸлѣڳƵ顣
ֶαҶǽ֮иоһ˿ϸ΢ޱȵԸϢ
ֻԸľӦðˡ
ȴҪģҪǣҶ淢֣µĿѾĲһˡ
ת䣬˿εҶ棬ȴܿó
ͽ
Щ񼣵£ſͽĲת
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ΪڿͽУֻн壬ֻнɣûаǾԷӡ
֮ò̫õʱ䣬Ҳһ£һģı񣬾ͻͳͳΪĿͽ
ЩԱ뺷ս֮£ΪսǿֻҪһ֯붼ܱ¸ҵսʿ
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ҪȫɿͽʱֻҪһת˲Ǻüսʿ
Ǻη֣
˲Ϣ䣬ҶһëȻĸо
ܸͽǵҪʲô
Ҫ̵֪ģȴֻͨ
ڣսڣ̵ġ
ѵ˵ʼ¡νĴݾߣָľ
Сʱ֮νĺ귨ʽǽ
ȻȥҹĹµÿտ澭ǧ飬ɻӻ޻˫պ귨˽¸Ѯգ
ǿմʦ½ɢȥһڱһһ㣬ޱȵ֮½뿪
һڱ뿪Ҷ飬ٴθһλЬףϢı롣
ҶӦõ´ɭϣôֺ֮Ҷᣬɲ뱻ԸϽû뿪
뿪֮ǰһСķϢڴĵשС
£Υ
Ҷ㿴ʼ¡Ҳǿտƾ
һСķܲŪ֤ݡ
ûãҶ汻ص֮Ҳ½ȫ뿪˵ص
λմʦһȴͨСεҶ浱ĿɿڴޱȣȥҲ̫С˰ɣ
ҲһɲǣһҶƲ֮С
Ѷ㷢ģѶ֮Уݲֻ࣬һλúͺ̵ܼһ仰
ˣǷʧٵѲ߶ӵʽ¼׵Ƭ


2111 ţķŭ
մʦһͽصе񣬾˸ɸɾҲһ˿ģ
Ҷͷʹĸо
˲ͬ
ǸƽƽʥӼ¡ҪɵֵĳȻ
ھӺ͸սڴֻ̣Ǵܸ֮һԼ˵Լ
ʼ¡֪£ҪָҲó֤ݡ
ңȻ⵫޳ܵĴ㿿ݿڹǾԲϿɵġ
˵ģֿڹҶҪŪٳܹŪٳ
ƾʵݡ
ֻҪӰµƾʵݣʼ¡ռƸߵ㣬ҪȻʼ¡˺ƤҲֻǴˮ̶ѡ
û뵽Ĵʦ¾Ȼ˽ʽһ꣬ʱһɶҶѹûŪ֤ݵĿܡ
ʱ˿̣Щ飬ͲҶҪˡ
Ƚķֻ㱨ʼ¡֮ٿʼ¡İźָʾˡ
Ҷżģ֧Ѳ߶ʧһ¡
ϢĶеԶСèͺһʹҶƿգṩǸλá
ǸλòԶСèֻ鴩һΣ͵ִǸλá
һС뱤Ͽո
С뱤СҶղżص뱤С࣬뱤ıǽȸ߶ȣԱȸղżĵص뱤һϣ뱤ϵķеҲһ㡣
ҶɢķѰһ£ҵµıǡ
˳űҹȥҶ淢㣬ţһλѲ񽫣λѲԡ
ˣ
ҶϹȥʱţλѲΧһɢŶĸߴ׵ķо
ţŶϸϸİš
ǣҶһĲ⡣
ˣѷ֮УһҵǱ˾ʽ¼׵ƬİʮƬ˵䣬ţһۼĲݸҶ档
µıȶԷİٶ¼ƬУλ˾ʿһࡣ
ѷ㣬ɫϢӦһֻݣһ˵ţһٴһϢƶϵûӦһͷ۷ĺķ㡣
Ҷüͷһţ˼ǣһͷһ̵˱˧µʿ
ܣǿ󣬱˧ʿҲлᷢѶң϶սۼ
˧ͬķۼѣʳ̶ȺʹСϢָΪС뱤˸Σչ⻪Ŀ⣬Զ뱤
Ҷɫʱ
뱤йأͲˡ
ǣҲֻܽΪʲôʿʧû˿Ѷսۼ
Ǳ˧Ǳ뱤һɡ
Ҷ滰˵꣬ţ͵˧ⶨ뱤ɭϣ˧²鲻ʲôǻȥ̽ɡ
㣿ҶЩɣ̫û֮ܣ֮ǰϳˡ
˧ģµĳڡ
һ֣ţԶķС뱤ȥУοʼٵı仯
ʧţҶĿ⽥
ΪֹҶ滹û뵽С뱤ı˾ֵĶ
ǣʱеȴָС뱤
һжԶ

Ҿ˶Ҷ촽Ľġ
ȻѲ߶ӵʧС뱤йأôҶ浽ΪֹѾ뵽ֿѲ߶ӼѶֲᷴıɵķ
֮ţĵûгҶѾȷѲ߶ӵʧ٣ʮа˾С뱤йء
ҶŭǣµʿħƴɱսϣǱһͷ޸ʳ̳ˡ
һսʿԣ
ŭѾҶĵ
ţЧʺܸߣ̶̰ʱʹǸС뱤ڷˡ
ǣصţ飬ѿЩˡ
Ҷͷһţ̽Ӽ֣ޱȵǿٻ¶
ʱ˿̣ţɫ˵ѿ˵µ飬ҶеĸӸӡ
ΣżĿʵ
ţûлش㣬ǽĿ⿴Ҷ棬ҧгݵ˧ɱˣ뽫ǸǧΣ
ҶƤӶһ˵ô£
£ܣǱ˾Ǳ뱤ָѵ壬뱤
˭ϵ뱤ǸȻǡ
˵ţٴνҧĿ죬ֱӽһöݵҶ
˧飬㻹Լɣ
ţ
ɻߣҶӹɲǣҶɫͱޱȣµķŭ£ʵʵɱɷһ㣬


2112 ǣ
ڽƮܲ

Ȼ˱ս˶ԤϵԼ
Ҷ˾Ԫ˧Ҳ޷Լµı˾걾Ĵȥ
ҲЭʱҶֻܹȥ˳ɵսʿɣһ룡
ЩҶ棬Ǳ˾٣ͨʿѾ׼
Ϊһ˵κ͵
ûѪ󷽵ĸĸ޶Ͳܻһƽ͵
ģǽ߾ȫĻȥֻ֮ǰɱħħ
ҶµʿħƴɱսϣֻҪսϣҶȻٱˣҲԽܡ
ж
ȻҶɱ
ǣʧѲ߶ʿȴҶÿһͷڲ
һˣһѪжĴ
˧ôˣ
һμҶʧأսɱѪһЩˡ
Լ
Ҷҧ֣ҶĸоУִ֣Ѫ
Ҿ˵һ̳ǣ
ҶͷڱţҶоһɲǣͷܾͻᱬ
ոտֱӴ˵ҲŨŨɱɴҶ桮ǡֵʱȴͲĴһս
˧ɣ
˧Ϣŭ
˧С뱤֮ڣʮ򣬿ΪģֻΪ׵뱤ά
аף߾ͺãǰ˧ǡ
Ҷ˻ֹ֣㽹Ȱɣִ֪磬ղǱһڶ
ҶɭȻ䣬񲢲ģһ׹ѵĸо
һоΧС뱤÷󷨣ķգûҵһˣ
ǣֻҶ֮ǰڼ·ŭµĳ嶯
ǣǲܵġ
ԣС뱤аףͨ޹ġ
ħ壬Ҷı񣬶Ǵǲܡ
ҲʵЩʧٵı˾ʿֱҶ治뼰
Ѳ񽫣ѲԣϧһдۣС뱤ˣ
´һɲǣ֮أҶΣһһ㣬˷С뱤ķ
˧С뱤ıǶ뱤֮ţߺ
ʮ￪Ҷ棬ţѣĿһȴûһ˿һͣ١
Щ飬Ҷ̣Щ飬ȴ̲ˡ
ⶨ뱤֮ﵥάʿһ٣ͻصѪͻҶ涼˷ŭ
ƫƫⵥάҶʿеıж̣ˣ
ụ̂ˣ
ţ̽鱨С뱤άз磬ϲɫ
ڷС뱤л
ǰżУͿѲߵı˾Ѳ߶һӺж
Ҷı˾Զΰж
ֻǣһˮһˡ
ħսشʱ¯ʱ絶ж඼Ƥ
ǱλߣˮˣжҲƤ𪡣
άɱǧģ˱˾Ѳ߶Աɫġ
󣬾˹ȥԷС뱤ݣǽѲ·Ըһ£ȥǷС뱤Ѳһ飬˳ָһǵ뱤
ڣԿ
Ϊ˾ͣκһ֧ӣǾԲܽκηǱ˾ʳﰡ롣
޷ܾ£Ҫ߲㱨
ֻԸıһѲ·ߣָһǵ뱤ǻҶ棬Ҳܾ
֧Ѳ߶һǰһȥ뱤֮УС뱤άŰΧ֪
󲿷ʿնɱһֱάֱ̳ˣţǷֵ
мʮʿ򱻵ά
ţõϢԴӽ˾Ǽʮʿ֮󣬷С뱤ıѣһʱˣûгš
Ҷŭֱǵԭ
˾жȻܴ衭
ʮҶһڷС뱤ſڡ
Ҷ淽ŵɱС뱤̶̵⼸ʮʱڣȻѾ˾Ļ׷˳ͷĴԶ
ҶһĹ򣬽ϳǽˣ½ǽͷ
ҶȻǣЩеʽһ߷ֻǴϿķ
Ҷ鱬ħЩŸӵ±ߣڴŴͳһʽס
Ҷ֪ЩʽףԲ֮ǰ˾װ
ЩнѸ٣ռλ׼ȷһı뺷֮ɫ
ֻҪȥԲ
ʵҶȻ
ŽһС뱤˵ʵ뱤أ
ȻȻҶȴ˿ں
һǻŭҶͷƤͣëը
ʲôˣ
˷뱤ֹ
ٲֹݹҵȲ
߰ŭ쳹ǣشǵģȴǺ¡¡
һתСлԪ׾ֱ£ոľĻ˷顣
ֱ׹µĵطԲǧ֮ڣ˽ء
̶ľɲǣӰһҶѾٶֱӴĻĴ󶴣ӽ˷С뱤֮УڳǳеķС뱤


2113 
뱤֮УͨǱбԲعء
ССڶ뱤ķС뱤ҲΪء
ȾҶոһоͻƽⱤⱤռؼ㣬Ɽռ䣬඼ӡջȲҪҵʩ
Ȼ󣬾ڱˡ
Ҫʩȫڱ֮ˣڱĳǽֻܳⱤʮ֮һǿ
ߵĴʩԷֻûսԵĶǿߣͿڹغܾˡ
ڱ֮ڣǱˣҲ뱤ķ֮ء
˵شԮĵطˡ
ΪռСɵҲޣǷⱤڱȴǸӵǿǷ󷨡
Ҷ汩ͻƵⱤɲǣָľѶͼ˻һʾи־ţͷһĴ
ľҶлҪǿ
ֻһ˲ĻƷҹЩһΪһֹǣһֳɾ󲽲׷ͻȥҶ档
Ɽڱʮľľ룬һӣҶͻڱǽ
ʱڱǽķ󷨸ոտ𣬰ڶ𣬿ٵĽһػĻ
ӹҶ棬ٶ˿δͷ׹һһСлԪףͻĲʺһһ㣬ͽڷػĻ㿪һ޴ƶ
Ҷ漸ûκͣͳڱ
ǸС뱤ıάڱĵıڡ
ҶѾȲˣҶҪȡߴ˵ĹͷΪ˾ȥĶɣĶɱѪޡ
վס
ҶڱɲǣĳҶ棬ٵܼĹӰ·˿һҶֶ
ҶĶһλΪ죬û˿ı仯ͷ·ֱײһ㣬λϬĹ֯ɵĹ֮С
͵иͣ
ǣٴȴ޷ͻҶֵĺɫ
Ҷɵ۱汱ĺ
Щ޷ƣṥǿĺˮˡ
Ҷһ˫ȭĵͽλصķֱӺ飬·󶹸һ㣬˵Դ
䣡
ŭپ߷ɱͬʱ׼Ҷ棬ȻҶ˰
֧ǿÿһ֧Խһλǿشķɱ󣬾ͼХųתҶ
̫̣ɱʸٶȼ죬ҶѹûκηӦʱ䣬ܼĶͣ
һɱʸݺݵĴҶĺɫ⣬˽ȥ
ģȴһǣ䵽ϽϵĴ
ɱǿƿҶԶء
ʸЯľһһ֮£Ҷαû
ɱЧʱָӵٴθŭ鱬ħ󸲸
׼
Уһмй⻪˸һ߾ɢűϢɿĳڳǽϡ
ҶĿһݡ
Уⶨ뱤ʵһš
ͷҲһҶʱĿģֻһ
ɱС뱤ıά
ò˵ָӾٻӦĲҶ޷Ӧĸ֣þΧɱʵġ
ָûдĵˣҶ棡
ǶҶԺɳѻ츽׻飬ɵһתʹҶԺ˳ƬĻ澫ɳ
һ㣬һƬ𺣣𲻵ԽԽֲĻ𺣡
ֲĸ£Щʿûне鱬ħȻһۣ;ֵĿǵƤ˲ϢݱڣȻɿĻɰ׹ǡ
е鱬ħҲѾ˻ҽ
Щý԰ٷְٵĸУȴӵΣա
Ҷû˵ɸǶĻȡڵ
ϽɫĽһոճҶǰĶʮλԴĳ
ˣҶǰϰѾ׵ɨ
Ɽ׷ҲոոǿնɱնвһҶ棬һɵĿɿڴ׷Ӳǰ
Ҷһһڲı
ҶƵǣҶڱԼʱ䡣
ıʱ䣬Ѿڱ֮ڵıӦ˹
ϾǴħս뱤Ľ䱸ѹûзϳڡ
һʱ䣬ھޱȵػĻ
ߺ˸·ػĻɢһޱȵϢҶ鶸رѿ
ڣǧѾλǧΪ͵ģͨڵߡ
߸ߴʮλһСС뱤дʵɼάүүĿеĵλ
ҶȴһҲںˡ
ΪҶִʱҶ濴һȫûκ·ӣɫЩŵĴӱڳ
ʣҶѾ֪ĵļһ˭ˡ
Ҷ۵ģȴ߱ĵļһı˾ĵǡ
˭
ʲôˣħ崳𣿡ˬĵά֮һĻš
ӣˣһԲľͳ뱤֮ڣⱤڱսǿλѾһնɱε죬ʱЩѣҶĿ⣬һ
ףı˾ĽǱ˾Ľ죿
ģҲ㣬ʣ֮ǰЩһζ
ɱҶ棬άȻɫԵĴˣ


2114 
Ҫģ
Ҫģ˭ҪǽСĸθɱˣҪԴҪģһҪģ
άɫԵĿ⣬һҶϣŲˣ´ޱȵ
һԵ뱤죬ȴǸ֪զִС
Ҷղűֳʵ뱤֮УûпԿĸֻ֣ԼȺʵ
ǼȺ֮ʱ˭ִܽյôãֱӺʬ޴棬Ҳпܵġ
һ뱤컹ھʱҶĺëѾը
ʲôɫ죡
ͽɫ죡
Ҷ澹Ȼһ˸Ϸˣ
Ҷʱ˵󣬿֪²ı˾Щֵܣʲô

ų֣Ҷͷĺ鱦׹޾ͶسСлԪ׾йһ㣬׹г¡
̶һ˿ҵĵάһܾһɿĶ㵽һ񾪿ޱȿй׹⡣
˲Ϣ䣬ػĻ;ҵĶ˾޴ȴûбƵơ
״ڽĵάһЦһߵأզ֣ܣඣ
Ҷһ䣬һתǻٴγһ΢СεĸǻС΢ţͶϰٵɢųҸµĻ
ͬһɲǣɽһǧ׵Ľ⣬ͷһ㣬Ӹ߿е£˲ϢػĻϼϰ¡
֨֨УػĻ濪ʼѣѾû˱Եˡ
һĻάŵļʲô죬챣ң
ⱤڵĽ죬ȴޱȵĳţλ󷨽ڵ㣬ȫ
ڵλһǧλͨߣͬʱ󷨽ڵλãȻǾþѵ
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ҶĿĶŵһڸҧһ𣬲ͣʶҧҶ˿̷ŭ顣
Ųţһ鳹׵ĻɢҶĺ󣬵άĲ˻˲Ϣ
ң
ŭһڵİϢҶ棬Ҷ͸Ҷƴ˼
һĻö߷ͷʹѡ
ħǰǾȻ
˵߷ем˵ãǶ֣ǱˣͲӦ
Ҷ棬˵άꡣ
߷ȶҶ˵꣬ҲҶͬⲻͬ⣬ֳŶ뱤˵Ҫȹ걾Դҩˣھת鵤ϢΣ
Ҷͬʱһ£Ҷ棬ҲޱΪ
뱤ԣ˵ͷӣϷˣ
߷Ự˵ˣҶҪٲӣǾǲʶˡ
ðɣ
ãڶ߷ı£Ҷε̾һ졣
ڽɲǣҶһߣϢĸάһޱȵĽƣ


2119 ķ
˵ʵά꽻ȥҶǺܲĵġ
ǣħľ飬ҲǼٵģ֮ܵ˴ģľ飬˭Ҳҵġ
ҪǣҶ˶߷ᱳ˼뱤ѪҪ֮УһħٽĻ붨뱤ϣǺпܻӰ֡
£ҶЭ
Ȼ˵˵ά̶̰ʱڣõάܾⱲӶûܹĥ
ǣ뿪̫ˣҶİٶֵʻмʮֵܵϡ
ԣŵά뿪ʱҶһСֽš
ϹħԜ𿴱ǿָϢʵϣóģ
ңԜطһ棬ָĴаطõСš
ִĴаط󲿷طСţҶԪϸжһ飬ܹʩչ
ڽά֮ʱҶûڵάЩط
һطΪج죬Ԝĥ˵һСš
ط֮ˣһ˯ͻج죬־˯ߡ
޷Ϣҹجε£廹ͻսûвҩĵر걾ԴԪ
ڶط͸ΪˣΪ
ͨķŽƣһάպͻӦһĪĺ⣬ܵĴһս˲ˡ
֮ţõάԺһ٣ֻҪû
ΪҪǣԜϹħСţΪֱʩ֮ڣǺԜһĴϸ̽Ǿ޷ֽƵġ
õάּһһ٣ҹجҲһּصĳͷˡ
ά꽻֮Ҷı˾ȫ泷˷С뱤ٵĻתѪҪ
˧ⶨ뱤صʵɲһţԽǳ͢ӵеıϡ
ǽħ˧ǲɲţת·ϣԵ
£ţɡҶĿ⿴һԴӲ׿ڷ·𲻴ڵ̽ţ
Ҫ͸жǣ뱤ʲôԵľٶǾ˧Ҫڵһʱ֪𣿡
ˣҪһʱ䣬뱤ıƱҴܵĻƶȻҪϸ͸Ҫһʱ䡣ţ˵
ԣ⣬ѪҪڵһ뱤뱤ҲҪͬʱ͸ӡҶ˵
˷ģûκ⡣ţ˵ͷ
ˣţ㣬˧Ƕ˵ѲѪ飬ôˣҶٴʵ
֮ǰʼ¡ҶʮѲ񽫵Ѫ飬ʮѪ飬Ҷ֮ǰȫѡĿɿҿԽǣѲ
Ϊϴڽص֮䣬ңٳɣЩҪӳѲȫʵҪһʱ䡣
ޱȵĽڵѲѪ飬Ҷȴû·
Ҷѯ㡢ţ˵֮ÿ˸һŽڵѪ顣
֮ǰ㡢ţ˵Ϊںҡ
ΪھӪǿãһħսЩˡ
ǵΪ񷱶£Ҳ޷
ңһҪΪͻƵҲҪʮĹ
ٽΪͻƵڣҪ˵ˡ
ǵһ㣬ûкļԴĹ֧֣ٶȻ첻ȥˡ
˽ҶѲ񽫵Ѫ֮˾ͬʱҪѪ顣
Ѫĺ֢ҲͻƵѶȣߵıѹûǡ
Ļ˵Ⱳӣ㲻Ѫ飬ͻƵϣҲ΢΢
ܹ缸꽫ΪͻƵڣǶʱ䣬˵ͻͻƵĿأ
οħսϣһڵѲ񽫣ȥĻʣɱһڵߣ˼ٱֹ
ΪҪǣڵѲ񽫣ʵӵõĻǿ߶ԿͱʱڵǿǰҲࡣ
ڴˣ˶ԥѡڵѲѪ顣
ȻٳɣҲһܹɵģȻһ̡
ѪĵȼԽߣʱԽ
˵Уţ࣬ʱˡ
죬ѾǰЩӳ׵ɹıһλصѲ񽫡
ڲϵʩչµõ̵ʱڣӳʮʮս
ţ¶࣬һ㣬Ҷܺ棬Ѫ֮Ϊʲô̶ȡ
ش˧ǰտΪ۷壬Ѫ໹һ㣬¹ƣʮ£ܹϣΪӦûڽڵغ֮䡣
شˣµΪѾڣµѪ飬¹ƣϣµΪءţ
һкڣһأܹӳȫսҾֿԶս
дսһʱڱ˧ʱռǱޣγսҶȵ
ǣˣ
һֱҶļ£ΪǶ̰壬Ѫ飬ⷽȴǲˡ
ʣѪ飬һţҶ潻˵ĸ
ȷʵǸţ˳ҲֵҶΣҶںһŽڵѪ飬ӿá
ڣ󷽳ıߣֻ˺óΪ˵ĴɱĿꡣ
ΨһҶϧǣѲ񽫵Ѫ飬ʺϳ񳵱֣ʱ˲ʺ
Ҷľ˧֮Уּڵľ˧ôҶָϵͳ͸ӵļˣǴҪСı
˵ˣϣȻѲ񽫵Ѫ飬ǿ϶͵Ѫ顣
ֻҪѰңҶ˵ܹҵʵѪ飬ڶʱǵΪս
һʱ֮󣬻תѪҪҶ棬̽Ա֮ʣͽӵԶ߷ʽ
ɳСֶӣħڣ̽ħͼ
־ҶȻִУдѲѲ񽫵£˲ħ򣬵ѻ꣬٣ѹûʲôмֵ鱨
ħжΪսĵ죬һ˫ͨѪ˿۾ææҶ档
ˣ¿һ㲻õķ֣أһء


2120 ǧս
ħǰĴģж֮ȻСģĳͻϣҲûʲôж
Ҷ⼸ɳľСֶӣҲûеõʲôõ鱨ԣΪı㣬ʼΡ
ͨ˫Ӧúü첻߲ˡ
ˣϸҳЩħս¼ǡݸҶһҳʼǡ
Ҷ˳ָȥصģȫħսڵĴս¼
ּ¼ܣȴоĺϸ£ҽʱĴ˴ʱ
Űʮǰħ׵ķһƺƴľжֱ򱱲սϲսģ
ۣħ嶯Աӳ˰˫Ľʿİ
ǧǰħھһϵе󣬶սصϲսرǣƣۣ˫սǧ೬İ
ǧʮǰ
ǧٶʮǰ
ĺϸģҶҲһɣеɫԽԽŨ
˧²ʵĴսͣϣħÿ˰꣬һǧİ꣬ضᷢһδģĽ
ÿһεİϡ
ڣħһη̶ֳȵĴսѾ˾Űٶʮ꣬Ҳ˵δħпܷһ˫ͶǧİĴģսۣ
Ҷɫһ䡣
ּսԿƿֲˣּսӳɽƵʧѾҳ㷹ˡ
пܣô˾ĴͻʮΣա
жգҶʵ
ЩԲ׼ˣ˧ħÿһηǧս۵ʱȺ̵ܴһǰ˰꣬һμȴߴһǧİꡣ
Ŀǰֻܶ϶ħ϶δʱڣһǧսۣ˵
δ꣡ҶЦƶãǣʱ㣬ȴû˵һ
ˣʱȷʵе㳤ǣδڵÿһ죬пܣң֮ǰǧս۵Ĺжϣÿһηս۵ļﵽ֮ԽԽ̡
¾ģҲˡ
Ҷ
ʹҶģĹƶϣһǧսۺϴǧս֮ļһǧʮꡣ
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ĿǰΪֹһǧսʱ䣬Ѿȥ˾Űʮ꣬ôһεǧսۣضδİʮڷ
Ұоһεǧս۵ķʱ䣬δʮĿǰ
Ϊÿǧս۵ʱٶһʮꡣ
֮ƶϣδʮڣͻᷢһǧսۡ
Ҷı˾ոַħսٻʮʱ䡣
ôǧս۵Ŀԣ޴ˡ
ǰƶϣҶҶı˾ֻǰ׼ѹ޷˳ӱܡ
ǣǰսҶı˾ûκõġ
ִģĶú׼ħսָӣ󶼶ԭ
¾ǱսĶ߷ϿɣҲûá
Ҫ󶼶ԭƶϣʼǺƶϣûõġ
˵󶼶ԭͲҶ棬ǰԱĵʺһ֣˭Ҳᶯ
Ҷ棬ȴǼˡ
Ҫȷе鱨
Ϊ£ǲ׼ôı˾ⳡǧսУȫûĿԣǳĴ
㣬˵ħ巢ǧս۵ĿĺأҶȻͻأʵ
ĿģЩɻ
ǰÿһսԭģȷĿָôħķǧսۣĿڣ
˵ΪʲôҶʵ
⣬˿˼
̧֮ͷЦˣеļ¼֮Уûһ㣬Ҳ޴ƲħΪʲôΪһֱǧսۡ
ħı԰ɣ
ħ屾ԺöѪʳΪǵĵرҲһɣ
𣿡
Ҷ˼
֮Ҷ̧ͷһҾͳ֮Ϊ԰ɡҶɫһ࣬ʱ´һ
飬㣬Ŀܣ׷ݣҪ㽫ƶĸʵһ㣬һ㡣Ҷ˾
뿪֮Ҷɳ˸ӾСֶӣúԻ飬һ֧ʵǿѲɵľСֶӣߣħ֮ڣøߵȼħ彫졣
˵ʵޱȵΣա
һй¶ȴ֧ģ֮֡
ºսˣǰߣɲϡ
ΪˣҶɳСè͡Դ̶ܹͨ͡ϱܵΣա
ɳ֧Сֶ֮ҶԸҲûš
ʼһʵؿѪҪĵΣϵµġ
Ȼ˵оеʦľϸޱȵѪҪͼҶͳ˧˿ʱһͳ˧ʵؿÿһΣʮбҪġ
ҲһЩϸ΢ĵΣܹӰ쵽սֵ
һʱڣҶĬĬĲ鿰еĵΡ
ص׵ĵѪҪкѪӵԴӵףҶ涼˸
ʱķɿҲҶ潫ѪҪܱߵβ鿱ĲʱյԵ˵Ϣ
֧Сֶӣɹ֣
һĸ߽ħ壬ħһǽĵλĸߵħ
ѾɹЩͷתѪҪ


2121 Ҫ
ħľƣԶԣҪļ򵥵Ķࡣ
һͰΪһСӣһΪ˽ǧΪһжӣǧ˽ÿΪһӣ򳤡
ӣſԳɾÿһһųûޡ
ħһʵҪħ򣬶ʮС
ħڸϵͳϽЩˡ
һԣоܹܻо󶼶ڸж
Щħͨ
ħڲǿľħʮоܹܣĸףħʮоܹ֮һ
ħʮоܹܣÿλͳϽľٶڰϣҸȫǾ
̶ȣֱ׷ܽǿܵĴ󲿷ֱ߾
ͨ£һħ嶯ʮλоܹܣǾʹţдս
һħսץͷһλģħִƱȨ򳤣⼸λλħҲֻһеĸ֡
־еĸ֣ʱ򣬶ħųš
ԣҶڴܸܲʲôмֵ鱨
Ҷִ֮ǰѾʼĸħͷ̿ʡ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣħЩڣûٲء
ʲôǺˣһȫԱΪ
ؼǣħЩһһޱȵĽƻûȫ˵ṩ鱨Ҫ˵Ŭˡ
ħܶȣ岻һѲ˾ڲȴһרħѶַţó
ţԳ֣ҶתѪҪ֮ʣţ͵һݳĿڹ
˵ϣûʲôϲ
Ϊݿڹ֮Уûʲôرмֵķ֣ûҶҪ鱨
ǰЩһδģĳжǵĽֻͣоܹܣҪһǳͬʱҲǶħսߵһ̽
Щ鱨֮ǰħģжĽ͡
˵ʵҪûойǧս۵Ĺ㣬ҶҲϿɾ裬ٻע
ǣǸǧսۺпܻδʮʵҶľս
δʮ꣬˾Эʱ䣬ʮꡣ
ʣ̫ˡ
Ҷѹҵġ
ҹҶһûжùСͨѶŲ
ֵܣ˻Żȥĸоܺðɣ
ħؽһ޴ľӪڣʣλĵһռǧףȥݻޱȵľ֮Уϥһոյˡ
һݣͷϾðһ亹æһͨѶŲӰūʵǼŲģ
ˣʮŲ󣬱ע̶Ϊһ
ʮţ
˼һ£ʲôһ͵شһսæܵ˱עΪʮŵСͨѶŲԱߣٶȻһͨѶ
㡭Ҷֵܣ㡭ɺãɰͰ͵Ļһ䡣
ãķǳãܸоһѵͷҺܲԣǷҵծһߣ˽˽һ£ʲôź
˵Цˣô˭˵㰡ЩţЩΡ
ϴħȥϹħԜеʱҶı֣ͽŻˡ
ҲףһΣܹ֮ŻȥϳҶ棬֪ûгǰȥ
ҪǣϳҶ棬Ҳһû鷳
Ĭ£ܺ˵ĻŻȥ
ڴħսפܸоܻд·ЩֵָҼ䣬㷲ġҶ˵
һͶسһë
ѾҶ˼ˡ
Ҷħսϡ棬𾪵ģҶ˵ֱжϡ
Ϊħ壬ж
⻹׼УҶ˾;ˣܲ
Ҫǣΰ
ԴʮǰħҶ棬Ҷ²дǷݽ֮ͱҶԵˡ
Ҷųֹ䵽ħ̣ʱԭûؽ飬Ҷ濪ļҲܹ
ֻû뵽ЩֵܹõħʵԽԽ٣ɱ½ʱǴղˡ
ңӵףչħʵҶ棬ҶҲὫǷݽ黹ġ
ԣҶǰΡ
ħ壬
һһһҪһһ޳ܣġ
ǣҶʵ£ǡ֪
£Ҳ
֮ǰҵļֵܣͱҸ׵µľţ򳤡
Ҹ׻˵һ̵ܹپͿԼıˡ
Ҹһͳ˧ĴѾ֪򳤣ͳٸˡ
֪ľЩˡ
ĵһʱҶ滹뷢
ڶݵʱҶĺëը
ĸ˭
ħʮλоܹ֮һλܸսžų޽ӽܽų
ϣһľųʹŻдж
ң˵Ҫ̾
ħԣʲô
Ǵܾӵͷ
ľ֮Ϊʮоܹ֮һĸ׵ľӣҪܽˡ
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ңԣ׾ӴĿѾٸ
֮µĴٳ
ͨ£ħоܹܲѣһϵ
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Ҷ鱨һҲ⣬ΪҶţ֪ҶһЩϡŹֵ鱨
ֻݣޱȵˡ
ã㽫鱨ϸϣŻ˵ˣǧսۣҪˣ
ǰҪˣ
Ҷ滺ƿʣԶдеɽͣҪˣǣʲôأ
˧ӦϽ鱨ϱ󶼶ô󶼶׼Աȫ
˵һ룬ͻȻֹס˻ͷǽĸһ˿ɬ
鱨Ǵ󶼶ԭõô󶼶ԭŵĿܣҶǣ
˵Դⲻع鱨ƾʵݣṩ鱨󶼶¶ϸÿǡ
˧ÿһǧսۣ漰ܶɵǲӡ
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Ҷķʣٴƿԡ
Ĭ֮ҶŻ俪ڣˣģֻǾ£
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ǾЩͷȫɢˣ˵й֮ʱܵطɻɢԴΪڣ鱨ȥͬʱ͸ұս߷ᡣ
ŲţҪˡģֻôˡ


2122 
ٲ̽̽ħս͸ϸʵԼĻ߲㣬мǲɴݾߡ
ħս뱤Ա飬ܱ߸뱤ɶñԱ
ܣ׷Щ뱤ʽԴмǣ˻˼
ʼ¡ҶĻظ
Ҷ潫ڶ뱤ڴ̷ͽһ£ж뱤Աһ£ּϱʼ¡
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Ҷ汾Ϊʼ¡ᲪȻŭϾҪޱȴƼħսֽţ͸˵ĿҪֽûʲô
ǣʼ¡ķӦȴƽҶЩĻš
Ҷ汾Ϊʼ¡֪֮ãҲɳʹɳĴռ˾롣
û뵽ʼ¡ֻǽ飬Īݾߡ
һʱ䣬Ҷһ֮УҶŬܱߵΣȴôҲ
ҶоѾһذУǣԽݵԽ
йǧս۵Ʋ⣬Ҷ沢ûϱʼ¡
Ҷɲħ߲йϵ飬¶ʼ¡
һΣһħķȻҶˣǣٶһħ߲Ĺϵ֪ʻ᲻ỳҶ档
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ħܷǧսһ£ҶԴӷ²пʳ壬ϱ˴󶼶
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׵Ŀڹ㱱˾Ҳϱɲ֪Ǳħ̲֮£
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Ҷ󶼶´ĹģһĿЦ
˵ˣѣ
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Ҷִͷ߷ȻǳռҶһΡ
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㿴һݿڹݵҶ潫Ŀڹйǧս۵Ĺɷȫ˶߷ᡣ
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뱾ôǰΣ߷ͻطҶ棬鱨ָϱ󶼶鱨ϱǱҲóԹ䣡
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ʱѹģѾƲ˿ٵĴսȴûԸš
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˵Ҷ泤̾һյ֮жţǾ֪ˣ
Ӧûд˻ߵСİɣ
̶ȣ˧ˣ
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Уȥ֮ѪҪľ䣬ȫһ̶ȡ
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⣬ȥ֮ϵżҪµʱڣǸгۣʲôĸʽҲҪ˧ɹɫʸʮ֧ʣԽԽã
ңʱ䣬ԽԽãҶ˵
ǣ»ȥͰ죡˵
Ǿڰ첻˧ҪԴҶУȻ
飬һɲǱޱȵȻ
ȫ汸սʼ


2123 
תۼ䣬ȥ
˸ߵӨӨ̲ݣڿή֮ǰͱĴո˲ϴ
Ҳ֪ǳսѪԭħսֲïʢ
ħսڵļһ죬˵ĻѲ߶ӵѲ߷ΧҲСһء
壬ڸ߿мٷУǵ£ܹ˻
Ǵѩ֮ʣһˮɱ
ϣһħ廹ħɢһ㣬һ㡣
ֲïʢħսһһ޼ʣʲôͻϮѵġ
ʱһĹȥ߰ʮһʮգһëѩ˴ħս
ǵشǰıսвս֣ѩ֣ѩɽ
ħս˫ԣֲˣÿһ·ݣĿẮʮµġ
ֻѩƮıʱ䳤һѡ
ؼװعƬƬѩƮ䣬ؼһʸС
ϲսһ̨ڣʿΧڻ¯ǰɢϵĪĺ⡣
źĿẮУûʿɵ߶ȡůǿǹؼʱ̱ġ
ԣȡůͳĻ¯Ҳİ
ӳһλʲôʱ򣿡һʿԴֹ̨©磬Ҹо򶼻ҼҶܸඣ
У⣬ǩϸûҲùޡ
һʿĵ٩̨еʿôЦЦӳŻ⣬յǵӣᡣ
һ˻Ů˰
ӳָһʿЦˣа£ѩֹȥǾܻصפˣʱֻҪϻʯ뱤ڵˮǣɶˣ
˵꣬ӳɫһָһʿѲʱ䵽ˣǳȥˡ
ָеʿɫһ࣬ӳʱ䣬ħԴˮˣŻ͵Ϯ
һ߲ԸıԹʿһڶӳıߣֵǣѲȥ
˵һ룬ʿͻȻһ٣۾͵صɴѩĵźͻƣʮԴͳ
ǻеѪ߸ߣѪʱ
ȻԵõĶӳڵһɲǣʱܾһһѾŵ
һ龯Ѷ
ֻҪ飬ԲǧﲻԿѶ⣬Ѷһݵ㣬Ȼϱʾ
ǣһΣ⾭ѵǧٴεĶȴûгɹ
ѩ䵶һ첲Դͬʱ
صʱָʶİ˵档
ӰħӰӳոնݳֻ꣬һͱӰħһֱȥ
ζ
꣬ȻζĶ̾ţӰħͷ۾ƺ˼֡
ͬʱʮӰӴѩи֣ÿ˵䵶ϣٵմѪ顣
ɾˣӰħͷ
һˣһ©
ߣһ̨Ӱħͷһ֣ոһϮһӰħʱʧӰС
ʱ֮һ֧ӵħͱ̨Щʿʬд
̳УħͱϢʼٵ
ͬһĻͣķϲսĸ̨ϡֱϰٸ̨γ֮һ̨Ķӳ֮ǰ˾
ľѶ⣬ʱ쳹ϲս
ڰʱ֮ǰսҲͬĽ
ҶѪҪķVϿȣҪѪҪֻǽݣôVεϿͷʮɽķ̨ҪԤ㡣
캮ضģķ̨פͬҲڷ̨ڡ
ҶҲֻϸѲ飬ʱӣһͷԵġ
ʮ̨֮ǰȴطķ̨һ
ʮ̨Ȼǵ˼꼫ߴѩɡ
ߴѩɣһĨị̄īɫʿһ㣬ؼ䣬˿ţһĪİ
УĪķ·ˮһĴǰһѩԵ
Ҳ֪ڷĪˮһ𵴵ѩɣѩϵĺĻѩ䲻١
·һӰûκ⡣
ǣھѩǧ֮ķ̨ڵľϷǽڣһٲۿɼٶȷٿ񳤵һ̣߳Ȼ͵һݺݵĵ˾֮ϡ
̶ľڿеһӰħͻȻͣס
ģ˭¶μ
Ƕûнӽ֣Էô˾ӣѵи֣
Ԫ˧¶ִеڶλΧߣûһӰĿУ˹ޱȵĽ
һɲǣ͵صҵǧķ̨
Ҳһɲǣֱ̣ӷ̨ڳѩУĿ
һұ۴Ŵ̶ļХӷ̨ڳ˲Ϣͱһʿ߶˼£ľݵȥ
ڵһʿʱֳַĶź󷽣Сɸһȥ
˧죬ôģֻҪڵȼ֮󣬾ľݵ㷽ˡ
ո˵̨ǰӰħСӣŷԶȥۣ˲Ϣɵˡ
ӰħӳĴӰ¶ΣһʿķӦٶȣͳٶȣƺЩ찡
ͬһʱ䣬Ŀķ⿪ʼͣڸ߿Ϩһһֱ̣ͷ·ֵħһӰս
Ƶսʱһ뱱սӰħСӣȴɵˡ
籾԰


2124 󶼶ļƻ
ڶ̶̰ʱڣֱĳ̣˸˿ŴĿĵľѶ⣬ħսϲսĴ󲿷ֵ
ģȴǱս
ħս÷̨ãԤ
Ԥ㴫ݣء
ǣһ̨ѲʿֻҪз̨ȼ̣ڱܵģʱѡ
սڣȼ̵ģֻλǰߵѩɵķ̨
ǣ˵һ̨ȼ̣ܱ߸ķ̨;¾ݵľ̶ȣɱɱ
ңҶڴǰ´ֻҪһ̨̣ôķ̨ͱ̡
һΪʾΪ塣
дģĽ˲Ϣ̣Իõôһʱԥɻ
ʱ䣬ܹΪ̨פȡĻᡣ
Ҷ񣬿뾡һзøı˾ʿ䣬
£ѪҪķ̨ڶ̶ʮϢʱڣ̱
ʮ֧ǲӰħСӣڿ̵ʱ򣬶ˡ
ǷûзҲûб¶мô̾ˣ
ǵļƻ;籾ȫ
ҪǣЩ̨פ֮һ˵ķɿ졣
Щ̨פڳǰٻǽӴһ£ŪǵĴʵŻ᳷ˡ
һΣ̫ˡ
ַĽսڣӦ
Ƶ˶ŵһһӦмƻħӣֲ
ҶѪҪͬڱսĿǺҪҶѪҪȫڵʱĿǺҪѪҪķ̨;ݵ㣬ֱˡ
ܼľѶһֱ̣ħӴٽźš
Сķ̨ӳ߶Ⱦ䣬ʱʱʩչֶ̽Ρ
ķ̨ӳֱȼ˷
һȼĿǺҪķ̨̣һ
ոհεĿΧļ̨Ӱħǲȶӣкħ󲿶ӣͷ׵ѩɵۡ
ôֵܷô죿
ôܣ
̾һɢһֱӰħǲСĽӽķ̨һ˲Ϣͽ˼£˺õֶ̽Ρ
˲Ϣ䣬ͷӰħǲСӣĺŽǡ̡ͬʱ
Ҳڵһʱ䱻㱨˸Ԫ˧Ȼ˸սĶ󶼶
賿ĵһʼҹһʱ䣬ϲսķ뾯Ѷûͣ
ɱѪζ⣬ԭΪѩħս˲ڡ
һεͻȻ֣һʮյҹͣЪ
ħ壬ħսѾԿ꣬ͻϮѾϰӦԷ
ھĻҺʹֲ֮󣬸սĶԪ˧Ӧԣϵ͵ǲ½ߣס˾ơ
ֵħĴҲֻݻơ
ܴộħͳ˧ѾףͷҲǼѿеġ
˵ͻϮܹڳռһƣͻһַߡ
ǽսһһӲսʩչͻϮֶΣͷܾˡ
ԣħҲֹͣͻϮʼ޽Ӫء
ͬģܾߣҲҪͼᣬȻܿʼ
˫һս֮ļݵľĬڡ
սĴ󶼶ڣ󶼶ԭŸսһһݵսɫǳѿ
ҹһ졣
ҹһĹ򣬸սʿ䣬͸ߴʮһ࣡
ʮһʿҪڱϲսķ̨;¾ݵפʿ䣬ܷɢ
ҪǼһѾһս۵ʧˡ
˸ߵħѡйأҲħѾкЩûнй˴ģĴΧĹйˡ
˵ˣħսսЩˡ
սս֮ȴô󶼶ԭ͵һıƤֱ
ϲսսʿǧˣսսʿǧ࣬սսʿ䣬һ
˵ϵĲ໹˵⣬ǱսڣǡҪˣǧ˵еġ
ǣֻڽѪҪĿҪڰ£ѪҪ
ѪҪֵֵӰħǲСӣ֧
Ѿ˵ˡ
ңսҲһҪ;ǵԱܱҪ;ǵҪ͵Ķࡣ
ԭΪħսĴ󶼶ԭѾˡ
ЩյҶǷǧս۹֮ҶƲǿѵ;ľµλ
һһε飬Щˡ
ôԭһĲıҲʦ¡
ԣæվ󶼶һʱ䣬æڲ£ȴħĶ򣬻󶼶
ʵĲӰ죡
֮ǰҶйħᷢǧս۵鱨˻ȥ
鱨ȴӦˡ
ңΪ͵ǧս۹򣬸˾֪һΣҪôӴͷˣ
Ǵ󶼶ȴҪЩ۽פڸԹˡԭһ˵
²ûϻش𣬶תȦĳ˰죬Ż󶼶ΪЩҪ
Ҫǣħһηģǧսۣô󶼶ļƻҲ˳ƶΪɹİգֱ
һ󶼶ԭжر˺˵ľ⣬͵ߵǰ˳ƶΪٽ


2125 ʮսԷ
û뵽Ȼ̶ͷ˵ˣսУ߷ῴǰѩƬľЩʧ
˵սҪҶ顣սһԪ˧ڣһ߳һɵΰ׳
κƲˣҪԿ
ˣǱսµһĸ󽫡
ǰȷʵҪ飡
߷ʶĵ˵ͷ˵û飬ɲǱսսһͻϮУսʿ⡣
սԲϵġ
ħһεͻϮսնɱʮһʿ䣬սԲϵʤ
ҹһУϲսսдССʮµλħذΧ֮С
սΧʿһʮ
ĿǰԤƣȸսĲչЩΧʿҪս֮һһ롣
Ҫǣ֮һһľµλ˱ħ幥ˣмµλҪ
ܾУսܲǴܾݵʱӦĴ
ʧʧأ£ɶ
ңһʧȥսҪأ׷ݶϣһãֲá
ڳԹѵ⣬һġ
ҶĸսӦʱΧľµλ߸
ңС߸µλ߷չࡣ
˵£սǣǻģ߷Կɾķӡ
ϲսսɾͷˡ
ÿҳʮµλΧСľµλҲפһԱıݡ
սĿǰ£дԮıǷɢʮңͲˡ
սϣǽǳı뿪ʼһֱݣԼʧ
ȥ汾ȥһǧ֧ɫʸʾлã߷һ᲻صľ
ں˽ʿģֲҶĴ󶼶ע⡣
⣬߾ۺΪսٵĹУ͸Ӱݵ㣬ȥ˾Ĵ̣߷ٴ
Ӣ
սһԪ˧ڴЦ
ж֮г𱨳жġ
ЩݼԼ顣
ϣܹųսģõĶԼҵѪֵܡ
һҶ滤ű˾һԼĶɡ
˭ŸԼҶɻŻȥ
һΣҶ˲ֵܡ
Ҷ֮ǰĸǧս۹򣬿Ǻöཫ춼֮Աǣš
£͸ӵԲˡ
ȻȻģҲҪһǵˡ
һ֮󣬵õľۺ뿪ĺڣһı
Ҷ鷳Ҹһأ
ۺǸӵĳü֮ǰȻҴ鷳Ǳ˾ľͷ棬ЩСëûģ⼸¿˲鷳
ڣ˺ڵľ棬Сëˡ
Сëû⡣
ǣεľѲ˾ԭյҪҶ鷳ÿ»ҪսǺأ

ѪҪ˧ڣҶ濴ѩЩ
ЩȫǸл
Щ֮ǰյҶȥǧս۹۵˼֣һٺ׼Ľ졣
ǵ²ӵʧԱܱҪ١ô£뵽Ҷĺá
жɣ˾ɽ⣬һǶԹڵһʱ䣬Ҷ淢˸л
ҶЩл򣬾ĳɹ
ΣҶŬˣ˳ɹ˴нʿ͹ˡ
˧ұ˾һΣһսΪ̨췴ӦħȻȫʧĿǰΪֹҾ¾ݵ㣬һ뱻Χ֮С
ħڱƽ˧á˵
νķ̨췴ӦʵСˣ
ħķǧսۣôԤͼҪ
ǣҶǿ̶߼Ҳı䲻һʵǾפط̨ĽʿΪޡ
һħɳСֶӣϢİγ̨⡣
Ҷ¾ѲԣҲ޷ⳤʮĵؽ
ԣҶͶС
СΪҲܽûľ
ǵħһҪĿ꣬϶Ǹλùؼķ̨
ǣ̨ǰߵѩɡ
ЩѩɣȫСģһǾӣҲСġ
һγɹԤСû
ǧս۵Ļս£Ǹոտʼ
йħĹɣôˣҶ濪ʵ
ţϢĴ˧Ӱг֣شˣþ鿴˸ȥ鱨ǵֲ鵽鱨
ĿǰΪֹֽħȫ֮ǰפħϵĴûз˿ħʮоܹ´Ӱӣ
һҶ飬Ͼޱȡ
ʮоܹܵûг֣˵ħĽûչ
ôĿǰԣҪģߣشԮѰսҶ滺´˾
˧ҪҪֵ֪ͨܲӣЩɡ
֪ͨô֪ܲͨ
Ǵ˧¾ЩԽˣЩġ
ԽԽصģҳǧʿһ£Ҷٴ̵ʱڣǧս۹ڻϣóĿǰʵսԣʮַ롣
Ȼ̵ʱڡӦǰʱڣ͸ֵܲӣ󶼶Ҷ
ʱ֮Ҷʮַ룬ħս鲻ѣͬʱҲô󶼶ŭѣ


2126 ̫ӳ
ߣشԮѰս
ʮӦսԷ룬Ҷ£ʱͨ͵˷ܹϵϵĸС
ʱħս顣
Ҫ֪ܾƣ죬ӵжŵľӵԪ˧ԼϽڣžԵٻָȨ
Ҷı˾ħʱԼѪҪȫָȨ
Ҫĳ֧սԳˣߣȵȡ
սָ֮£ʧһ±ݣݵ㣬ֻҪѪҪûʧأûΥ
оߴ󶼶ȷġֱӵľԤҶı伴սԡ
֮սԽսָȨħս󶼶սеȨ
Ҷ淢͵սԽ飬ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣѾǴԽˡ
ֱ˵ʹ󶼶սָȨ
ԣսԷڴ󶼶ԭİͷʱ򣬼ԭķŭˡ
ֱ죡
һ£󶼶ԭͷʱͻһķĩǣ񰸣ȴ
ݶƣ˴󶼶ԭ˵ʵҲŴ󶼶ԭŭȫĿ֮ڡ
һڽͲıµ΢ĳ鴤һ¡
Ƕ󶼶Ϊʲô𣬷Դͷʲô
֮ҶսԷ룬ûд󣬾󶼶Ľԣѡ񣬿ٻһѡִҶսԷ롣
ǣսԷ룬Ҷͷġ
Ҫ֪֮ǰйħᷢǧսһ£ʹķз£ȴ󶼶ȷķ񶨡
Ҫǣûãͷ˴ս¡
ȻûȷǲǧսۣǣսѾҶƶϵģʧСûŵģȴ۽սޱȱ
β˵󶼶žž죬Դ󶼶һӰ졣
Ҷ澹ȻֱԽȨһ㷢սԷ뽨飬ѾǼ̤󶼶Ȩˡ
ƫƫҪǣҶʮսԷ룬ֻһ顣
ֻǸһ飬Ƕľ޹ء
֮Ҷֻǽ飬ģǸĽԪ˧
ô󶼶ԭޱȱŭԭ
Ҷ̤˴󶼶ȨƫƫǴӾ棬Ҷ޼ƿʩ
ô󶼶ԭͷ۵ǣΪ֮ǰǧս۹һ£벻ŵĽɵôҶһεʮսԷ룬ɵӰ죬ӵԶ
Ż˵ִеľţԻ֮ǰҪࡣ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣҶ飬Ѿ󶼶ʻһսָȨ
Ǵ󶼶ԭޱȷŭĵط
鱨Ҫ鱨֧֣
Ҫȷе֪һεս£ǲħڷǧսۣ
֪ħ徳ʮоܹŵж
֪ħӸ߲Ķ򣡡
ϧһдۣܶõİӣҪ֪鱨ȻʵսԾ
ĬƬ֮󣬴󶼶ԭ쳹һڽ鱨Ľ죬ħսѲ˾Ѳһϵȫж
ò˵󶼶ԭǷǳġ
þȷ鱨սָӣĿǰȷѡ
˵󶼶ԭڷŭ£ҶսԳ´෴սȷĻãǴģǴ󶼶ȨӰһǧɡ
ֻߣ󶼶ԭ´һصս´һҶսԷս
ȻսĿܵӰ죬ͬģᱻԪ˧˵ʰۡ
󶼶Ȩ᲻ɱܵһ̶ȵӰ졣
ǻ׼ȷޱȵ鱨֧֣󶼶ԭͿϸֱӵսָӡ
ʱսָӷҶһֻҪҶսԷϸ¸壬ô󶼶ĸͿԳ׵ѹҶ棬ҶɵǵӰᵴȻ޴档
ǣħǱߵľ׼鱨ɲǺŪġ
ħʹһѪ𱰵һ¡
ڴܣĹ壬вƽսΪ塣
ħ岻һħĵ͵ħ壬ҲԿսһĽһ̶ϡ
һһ̶ȣٶľҲ޷˿
Ѫ
ħĸ߲Ȩߣȫġ
һ͵ȵľħԶ޷Ϊһľųġ
͸͸鱨ռļš
ħ屾ԻѪ߹ħ壬ϼѡ
ԣԴ󶼶ԭȨˣ˲һдѼ鱨ҲҪһʱġ
鱨һ죬һ죬ġ
û׼ȷ鱨֧ǰ󶼶ԭģֻǵȴ
ǣħ壬ȴһ󶼶ԭȴʱ䡣
졣
ҶʮսԷͳȥ֮ʱ˰졣
ڱսһħΧıǰħӪУħ˾׼˰Ĵ׼
ǧƷʯɿͶ󷨽ڵ֮УһͷͷϢǿޣħʿһնס
̶̺ź޾Ѫ˴ʱͱܲطա
˳ʮͷ޵ľѪ֮󣬺ƳʮūĿУЩūΪƷһնס
ǵľѪħ˾У׷׻ޱȵע֮С
һ뾫Ѫգһħ˾ͬʱһڽɫѪɲǣϷգضһ޴ޱȵŻͨ
һɲǣ·һħŻг˲Ϣռ˷Ҫλá
ʮޱȾȷ棬Ҫλص֮һλͷѪѪסѪɫƮɸµĶĿħ壬һɱڵħ徫񱣻£Żл̤
̤ɲǣǰʩħ˾ħǲŵԪ˧졢ʿ䣬ͳͳϥأɽХ
ҵȹӭ̫ӵ£
ҵȹӭ̫ӵ£
ҵȹӭ̫ӵ£
ɽХУ̫ӴһΣеѪɫ⻯Ϊһ޴ĶĿӡסӪ
ǶĿӡɢļµϢħӪ˲ϢͰ
ħּ⣬Ӵ˿нսľӣȫɱ̫ӽӹָӣΥߣ
ɭɱ⣬ħ̫Ӵü˶ĶĿУ˵Ĺ⻪Ĵӹһصħɨ
һɲǣžηɽХ쳹
ּ⣬̫䣬̫䣡
ɽХУһӶħţţħţħţħţħţħţĴеѪɫſ̤۵·ĴС
ֻţֻħоܹµľӣУ
ΧıڵĴפ죬һĻϵѪɫʵĸɸɾ
ǲ˫֣һĻٶȷϷ塣
鱨ֻѪɫ֡Ԯ
ͬһʱ̣ͬΣڲͬսͬıΧıǰͬ顣
ԮѩƬһ㣬˸սħս󶼶İͷ


2127 Ӱ
߰ʮһʮʱһ̣һǵʷеʱ̡
ҲһôܽĽʿ˾İʱ̡
һˣʹൽ̹ĵʱ̡
Ϊʱ̣־һεǧսۿʼʱ̡
һñǰδеǧսۿʼʱ̡
ʱһ̣ڱϲսǰħĿǰеλ̫Уλ̫ӿն
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֮λħ̫ӵļ룬ٴ򵽾Űľ⻹˽ص
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˵һεǧսۣħ̬ƣǿǰġ
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֮ǰսʧ֮£ЩΧľµλھ޴ı£һһˣƽ
Щפֻһıݣ־޴ı£һʱڣͱ׵Ĺơ
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ʺߣһ֡
ÿһ֣һʻ
ļڴ󶼶ԭͷľ򳬹ʮϣڲϵš
󶼶ԭɫѾ࣬ݺҧ촽ѾʧȥеѪɫ
ֹǶ̶һʱ֮ڣʮʿɥɳΪ
ħսĴ󶼶ԭԣʮʿ䣬һֶѡ
֡
ȲƱ
ΪһͳǧĴ󶼶ֵʿȻһ㣬ֻһֶѡ
ԭŭģǵΪֹǴ󶼶ûӦսԾ´
ǸսµλڸΪս
׼ȷ˵µλҶ֮ǰԤ⣬Ҷ֮ǰʮսԷ룬սԵ
ΪҪǣҶʮսԷ룬Ȼֶˡ
ˣȼ֮
Ҫ֪ս˲Ϣ䣬սݼš
ЩյҶ潨ľӽǣҶģڵһʱߵĵµĴħͻȻϮĴҲ˷֮
磬һһ±ݣפ˺פһˣȫ
פһ˵ľ±ݣħʮҵĴʱһָӲܾͻᱻƱݡ
ħǿʱҲ֧Ų̫ʱ䡣
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ϣֻҪҶսԷߵķⲨࡣ
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ѾʹĲʹ
˵ǣ֮ǰвӱħΧķյҶսԷ֮һޱȵľ
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ͻΧĹУսߵģߴ˳ɣٵģͻΧսʿҲӽɡ
ǣЩûͻΧԭصԮıΧĲӣ֣̫ˡ
ЩΧԭشԮĲӣûһܹȵԮûһӳȫû
Ųҵսչħλ̫ͳսϢħսˡ
ٱ׼ǧսۣһǹģԶǧսۡ
ⲻ֤Ҷ֮ǰǧս۹ۣٴνҶʮսԷĸ˳
ħ֮ʱҶͷʮսԷ롣
ҶսԷȷԣ͵õʵ֤
ħս󶼶ռ鱨⣬ûκȷսָʾ´
һ޴޴ÿûбն񣬱ն˭
ûҶ棬ħս󶼶ûκڸġ
ǣҶ׼ԤսԷ뽨飬ħս󶼶ͱеһ׳ա
ǷӦٻİ׳ա
ң˵һйǧս۹۵Ԥ⣬ɺϡ
ǵڶεսԷ׼ȷԣ֤ⲻɺϣǡ
֤˱˾˧Ҷ棬żǵ۹⣬ԶǰհĿ⣬ޱȾ׼սˮƽ
ʱ䣬ͽҶħսӰһǰδеĸ߶ȡ
֮һյҶ潨Ľ죬ͨҶ̡
Ҷ棬ǵľֲսϣǽӦô
֮ҶٷһսԽս飬ЩѯʵĽ죬ԻʵִС
ʣµǲûзѯʵĽ죬żḻĶս飬ǰӦĻֻҪûˮͻᰴҶսս鰲š
ȥ򵥣ȴһַǳµĺ
ǾǣҶƾ¼Ѿӵħս󶼶ȨĲӰ
Ϊħս󶼶ҪҲǶսӰսȨսָȨ


2128 ħʱĿ
սţ
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һսԲıţ
ǣһֻ֣һ£Ӱ죡ޱҪǧս۹Уħսϻвͬвɿصأ
󶼶ڣ󶼶ԭϣ˫ɢź˵ŭ
һΣķŭˡ
ħսĵ̡
ħսǴܵĹţҲޱȵҪ
ڣҶһεԤ⣬ȴطһͷʹޱȵı
һ£ִսԼƻĿǰҶ棬ȴӰսԼƻ
ǣĳЩ£սԼƻܼдһЩ˽ĿʱҶӰͷǳҪˡ
ԭҲֱԴ󶼶壬Ҷ棬Ժ󲻵κʽħսսԼƻ
ǣһһ´Ǵ󶼶ȨһܵӰ졣
дѹģ
ĿŵĴѹս֮ʣпܵ¾ɢġ
ң쳤ҶϣҶҪĵ˵ܹܵס
ҪǣҶ⣬ȫʼ¡ˣҶӰ£ԭǸӵĵġ
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ԭЩܹ˰裬ܹΪӰֵħսźܴĹϵ
ԣҶһεԤ֮ԭûôģڶԤ⣬ѸٵĹ̺ҶħսӰͼˡ
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֪Խ٣ĿܾԽС
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ԣ󶼶ԭĵ˵ͷҲ˼֣飬Щء
ģСսļʣж󣿡ԭʵ
ųɣ
󶼶پųɡħ̫ӴƴԴһѪҪʮ̫ӴƵ̫Ӿ񣬿Ƹơ
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˵΢΢һ٣ΨһǵģǿܵԮطĲӣö˵ȻǱ޳ĪΨһп֧ԮҶģǱս߷ᡣ
ս߷᣿󶼶ԭĿһǱ𣿿֪磬ҪĿǰٷְٵĳɹʣҪȻǼ£ͻӰ졣
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ãǾĿ󶼶ԭһ䣡

ʱݵʱ֮ǰ
ħ̫ӴƵ˧ڣһڳħ彫վһԣȻħ̫ӴƲͣеսһɱ
˭ܸ̫ӽһ£սĵһͻϮƻУΪʲôǱս⣿
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屶Ĳడ
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˴սٹЩӾʱѵҪ̫ӱĸЦ𣿡
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ڳһħ彫죬ɵôһսͫһȻޱȡ
ǶŶĿʯĻħʮоܹܵħʱĿ
ħʱĿҪģȴ塣
ħħʱĿһħһ㣬ǾϽͨħʿħеĻѪ˲ն

ħʱĿһʱ鵽̫Ӵµһ·ĴܹܣЭħ̫Ӵܾʮλоܹ֮һģҲʸնɱ
֮ħʱĿħ̫ӴҪִоɱˡ
ȻȨħ̫ʱһ·֮У֮
ʱ̫ӴĵоܹĿ΢΢һô£ţΪԱսͻϮƻĴܹܣѵӦһ𣿡
˧˵Ŀ⣬ħ̫ӴҲħս·оܹţϡ
ţţħ߽ɣͿ࣬˵ʱżǿѹԣʱħʱĿǰϾ֡
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ǫ̂һ⣬ɣ
߸̫ǵ£ǵһߵ߸̨ͬʱ⣬ңЩķ̨쾯ӡ
ڽյº˵һ֮ͨħ̫ӴƽһɣѪҪȷʵйŹ֣ѪҪԪ˧˭
̫ӵ£ѾˣҶ棡
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ˣ
̫ͻȻıˣ
̫ҪȥѪҪں󷽣ͽĴܹˣħ̫Ӵòκ˷´


2129 Ԯ
ѪҪ˧ڣҶ濴ǰľµͼüͷһƬ
ҶʮսԷߣͬʱҲִе׵ˡ
ѪҪԭĸݣʮݵ㣬ʮ̨
Ҷ֮£ֻݣĸݵ㣬ʮ̨פµλפѾȫء
ݷֱű뿪ޱݣݵפֱפһˡ
ѪҪеפʮ˺ū
Ŀǰ鱨ѪҪħӣܻᳬʮ
Ȼ˵ʮħҶ߾նأסûκġ
ǣҪսʿǾͲһˡ
ԣҶڲͣŸֲá
㣬뱤뱤ǱôˣҶͷҲ̧ʵ
˧뱤뱤Ѿϣ֧Ԯһ£ҶؾˣǱޣҪܵħ塣ЩȻ
֪
Ҷ޺޵Ĵһ棬ǾͲģѪҪˣǵ³Σ
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Ǿ̽ٲ飬˧Ҫ̵ʱ֪ħǰоٶȵԭ򡣡Ҷ
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ǻȷ֧᲻ѪҪΪǵоµλͿǻһˡ
ֻǼ֧ͳ˧ħ̫Ӵƣ
ϢϱȻȫսҪó׼Ҷ̵ʱ´˾
⣬˧ħ̫Ӵͳ˧Ĵ·ϣµλûṥѪҪ
˧ģħ̫ӴƵĹĿ꣬ѪҪ
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˵ĿǰַҲֻβſԽͣ
ԣȴǴһϵѪɫ˲Ϣʾ˧ѪҪҪٽĽ
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صסҲأزסҲأҶһأҪҸħ̫ӴƻѡѪҪԭǾΪħһˡ
Ǵ˧ǲӦ򶼶Ԯ㼱
Ҷ滺ҡҡͷ֧ĹĿûȷ֮ǰû򶼶Ԯģ
еѲ񽫳֧һħ̫ӴƵĴתѪҪôŶԮʱҶ˵
֮һ˧˧ȷˣħ̫ӵĴĽĿ꣬ȷѪҪԮԮ
֮һʮ𼱵ԮʧСͨѶŲС
Ҷ㣬ЩŵĶ⸱СͨѶŲ󣬼ޱȵĵȴԮϢ


2130 䲻Ϊ
ʲôħ̫ӴʴѪҪԤƽѪҪıᳬ򣿡
õϢıս߷ᣬһվɿչͼ鿴
ԮǱҪ̵ʱڣѪҪɳԮǴԮ߷̵ʱ˾
һԵĶıȴޱȵΪѣǣڳפضӦһ֧ˡ
߷ɫʱޱȵѿ
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ѪҪ˧ڣҶ۰Ͱ͵ĿŸսϵСͨѶŲ󣬵⻪˸ʱһʱ˹ȥ
ѹֲסУڵһʱֱӾͿ˾Ϊ˾ĸ˧ıʸġ
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Ҷţħ̫ӴƼȻѡԴѪҪôһ֪ҶѪҪͻȻľ
ħ̫ӴƼȻ֪ҶѪҪô;Բħŵж
ðɣ㲻֪ҶǴ˿ֻ̣ܷӣ˧ǲӦÿʼس׼ˣ
Ȼ˸ʱ࣬سǵ׼һ㣬ͺһ㣡ٴν
سǣ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷ潫˧ӡƽ㣬Ӵ˿ѪҪеķ񣬻ٻָӣȫӹܣ
ܵ˧ӡǳֱˣ˧ｻңȥʲô
ң
Ҷ΢΢һҪȥܣɿܣ


2131 
˵ʵΪһˣҶϲģǽټӽΪõķء
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֪ܾӳϮǵĿԺܵͣɳ˴Ѳ߶ӺӰħܵ͵Ϯ
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ѲõĳҲõİɱɱߣ
ҹɫµУһε֮УϢĴħʿԺͷǰͱȥ֮΢΢һתԴͽϡá
һħ彫˳ӳɸոӳķһͽ곹׵ɡ
Ƶרɷķ
һУڰƻĽС
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ǰӪ˧ڣǰԪ˧ıʸͣĽƻ
ͻȻ䣬ʸƵĿ⣬͵ؿ˧ʵ棬ͻȻӦ쳣


2132 
ħǰԪ˧ıʸ͵ؾɲǣĶڰȰȰȵը
ը˫֮Ѫ磬˫ָǱܵ˶䡣
Ҳһɲǣص׺׵̽̽ʮ÷Ԫ룬⻪ĺˣ
΢΢һʸƵڡ
ʸƵĻף˫ҵĹǷͬʱΪһعĻųڵ
ҶЦŴӵصֳΣֳɽһ̳׶ʸĻס
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ͨչʸǿƺͱСֱתƵռڣݺݵĺ˵ؿռӡ֮ϡ
ڵԪ֮ڵʸƿطСͽҶ鹬֮С
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ǲľϵطСԸȫЦɡ
ĻϵͽϵطӡҲС֮ڣӡݡ
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ˣԪ˧ˣ
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ߺŭһƬУʮ֧ʸǵظס˴ǰӪ
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ԭԷӦͻϮħǰʿĲ壬ͻȻͱޱȵĻ
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ƽʱһɲǾͿɵĶҪʱ䣬ӳ
أ
ͬХһļ˻ͻȻǰӪϿձǼ˻˿̾ͷ·һһ㣬ħǰӪʿĶС
Ϊµħ壬ħ˻һĵХУܲסǿֲУѪ䡣
Ϊǿһħʿ۾ŭ͹ţ׷ԴҽΪΪǿľͽǣҪԺһ㡣
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ǧΪͨ񾳵ľ񣬷һħӪʼɱ¾һͬģ˷ѲѲ񽫡
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һ̤ӪĻζһ£ͳ˳ǰ֧˾ľСӡ
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дżϷʵУһǧɵֱۣ·𳤱һ㶸ؽλţħľס
һˮͰϸӣݺݵţħԴ
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Ҳһɲǣţħħͫףͻһ
һĨɫĽ⵹ӳһԵĴӺݺݵĺϡ
Ļףһɲͬʱ顣
ԼԼһֻȭݺݵĺ飬ϡ
飡
һţħԴ͵ر
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ҲһɲǣħǰӪϡ˴̶ޱȵľÿӪУǧϢۻ⣬ͬʱ


2133 ׷
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ǿĽħ壬һֱѲɱ֮⣬ѲģȫҶ桢ԡţηɰסСԶԸ
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ãһһһЩýæĺŷġ
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ո׷ľųħ´ƣɫ˲Ϣޱȵѿ
˵װôôǿ


2134 
һܾͿشɱǿߣʮܼͿشɵǿߵĴɱڴܾҲǷǳŵװ
ҪĲϾͷǳ壬ֻ̫צצ׵ǣãҲ̫޻Ĥơ
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£ܱ߾׼䱸ÿ䱸ʮһ䱸ʮܡ
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֮ǽѪҪе󡢰سǵȫеģ
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״£˭Ҷģ
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2135 
̫ӵ£ݼ񣬻ϲ𣿡
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һŭ𽥽Ĵ̫ӴȥоٶȲ䣬ǿ䣬ųǧֱǲŴӪ
ǣµȽ̫ӵ¾
һʱ̫֮ӴƵ޻ǲŴӪ̫ӴȿģǾͷʬѪһ仰


2140 εЭ
̫ӵ£ݼ񣬻ϲ𣿡
һʬѪ͵Ĵ֣Ӹ߿ոȥʱޱȵĴĿ
Щۣ̫ӴеͽУƣ
֪ߵغƣ
ǣЩ̫ӴƵУȴһǼǰһȵžž졣
ħȻ֪ģȴ֮١
̫Ӵһʱı⣬ʴѪҪеħ彫죬̫Ӵԡ
ǣֻ̫ӴԸ֪ҶѪҪ֮󣬾ʴˣҪѪޡ
ɷ̵ǣûȴȱҶʤ
ҵյָ͸ļ
˵ҶѾ֪ĵĿġ
δȱ˽žž졣
̫ӴƵķŭ֪
ͷǸ𣬶Ŀؾ͵ɴ˼£εĺɷش̫ӴƵĶĿ
ȿȣ
ƽĿһɲǣȴĺĳһֱ̫ӴԺ
֪ħʦߺ꽻ġŭ֣ٴθǰ
һ̫ӴƶĿĺɷ⻪ɢ
´̫Ӵ
оʣ̫Ӵƾ´˵һǲų´ܣطƽŭ
ǲŵľų´һȻǰ̫ӵ£۽֪ǣ˾ľųҶ棬ʵǽƻޱȣмʺϴΧսĸͨ
˵Ϊ̫ӵ£ǧСҶ棡ǳռܽᵽḶ́ϣ̫ܶӵºλպԸʱ
˵ţ´һ
̫ӴƱʹ˴һ´ǿ´Ͽҵģͽӹϸ鿴

˾һµľϱľգȫҶ־ϱȥ
Ҷڱ˾ڵͼߣܹټʤѾҶƵ˶㡣
Ҷľûκ˸ɡ
ԣЩͷֻʵĿϱȥ
ٽ˾ľϱȥʱûãħսһ
ʲôʲôնɱħʮ࣬λһ࣬һǧİˣ⣬սôܣ
ս߷ӵݽݱһʱǻɣǣݱϵľ˾ȫλ򣬾ͱߵ龰Ŀ࣬˵

Ҵֶһλ
ͬһɲǣħս󶼶ıµһʱ佫յĽݱϱ󶼶ԭ
⡭˾˵սʵ𣿡ӵݱ󶼶ԭ飬ȱս߷ỹҪ𾪡
ش󶼶ɾ˾Աϸ˶Թ׼ȷӾϿϱľĿӦû˵
ң󶼶ӦǿսħսһݿõóֵĽݱһĿЦ
ô˵ѹȥԭһҶĿǰѾӰ쵽󶼶ĿôһݣôҶֻߡ
δ֮ǰ󶼶ħսĿܻ޷Ԥϵı
󶼶ѹȥǲѹ
ԿսҷִӦսԷΪ˵أһѾȶҲӰ쵽ʿʿԡ
ȫħսҪһݣʿǰݴݣʣҲܹĵġ˵
ûݱ𣿡󶼶ԭЩˬ£ǵļƻ֮ڣ֮ǰ㲻ɳ˼֧սΣ
ش󶼶ն񣬵һΣħλ̫˾ޱȵ̫ӣǴƼ
ɳľ񲿶ӣն񣬵Сʤǲʤսġ
Ҷսɱʮ࣬ȴһս˽ʮˣо򣬴ȥܹģ˵
ԣ󶼶ԭȴһᡣ
Ҷ֮ĶԹ绹ǴСӰ٤ʼҶ溦СӰ٤òپλ
г֪ҪʰҶ档
˵ҪʰҶ棬͸һֻûʲô
ǣҶֻϣȴôҲȲƽɹ˼δ̡
һҶ汻Эħսд󳼣Ϊֱʡ
ԣеȨ󣬶ڿϷڵħսĴ󶼶ҶһһŲ
Ͼħսĵ̣Ҳ˳µ顣
ֻҶı漰ʼ¡г¸ӸӵͬʱҲĳ塣
ԣڹڿϷ
ôҶ
ң˵жУҶһġ
ؼô
ǣڿⳡϷʱħս󶼶ûҶ棬Ҷͷ׹ݡ
ħս󶼶Ϊʿ£Ҷľġ
ʵζ֮࣬Щ
£ûطţ
ΪԭĵһıĸȻ״󶼶ԭ˿̸ӵ뷨Ǵˡ
æǰԵ󶼶֣ΪĴƣС£ʲô
ԭɫ粻ʱνΪ˴֣ʵЭ
εЭ
ݱɣգ󶼶ԭεĻ˻֣


2141 ѯ
̫ӵ£ҶͻϮôĩµľ񣬿ҲҪϮɹ
Ψһͬľǡ̫ͳͻشס˻ͷ
ǲžų´ϵͬĬȻ̫ӴƣĿ⿴ĸ粣ͬʲô
Ψһͬģĩµʿ䣬ʵǿ󣬷Ӧ죬֮Сٺܶ࣡
ͳжû´ԣôѲԿзǳĴΧϮȷʵѱ⣡
ĩҲûȫܿⳡϮĿܣųȖͬˡ
һλڣǲžų´Ķһ̣ĲҲΡ
ʵǣ̫ƻˡ
䣬ܹʩչַԲʮĴΧĸ֣ɲడȖƲһ䡣
̫Ӵû˵ֻԿ϶´˵ûһԡ
ˣΪҶ϶֣̫ӴƶҶʵӵ
ս֮ǣΪų۽ۺɣǴ
չչ͵ķϣھǰЧǣһټǶޣȴⲻ˵ģ´ķڷ̫Ӵƺȵ
ҷҷ´˿̺޲ûˣһٶޣ⴦Ԥ֮ҪĶĶࡣ
һ֮󣬻Ѫܵ´ٴαо˧ʣһ޴ľɳ̣Ѿڷм䡣
ȻѾһôǾһ£̵ʱڣСʧѪҪնɱҶ棡̫ӴƵף

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£Ҷǿ̫ӻδչѾʧ㿴ħ̫ӴƻûйѪҪնɱҶĿܣ
󶼶ģҶǰģֻħǲţʵһ㣬ħ̫ӴƴĲӣ̫ӣʮоܹµʮǾеľ
ѪҪԴ´࣡󶼶õģ˵
ǣģҶı£Ź죬ŵսԮִӦûжɣԭһ˵
ĽݱѾҶɹҶȥСĴƣǿɾҪˡ
󶼶ȷʵܣ˵³һ£ȻܣôԾԮ޷У
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ħ壬ҲɱɣؼҪöԷ
Ƕ̶̰ʱڣħսĴ
֮⣬ŸεӰ졣
֮ǰҶħսΪԤ⣬һӰ
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ս۹⣬ʵսȫ¡
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һ˼⣬㳯˼Ĵ˾Ԥϴε£Ҷ棬ǳȥı
ģֵ˴ս֮ʣ²˹͡ңҶЭħս²ȴսһ䣬Ҷħս۹ѫзΪá
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൵ЦЦ˾Ľ飬ȻǼõģ
ʱ˾Ԥһ磬˲ϢʲôϵϲɫȥȻǻϲͷˣĳЩ飬ʧȥ˿
ȻˣͰ˼죡˵꣬ʼ¡˼Ŀ˾һۡ

󶼶ķĽݱħսʱҶ沢û̫ĸˡ
ͳ˧Ҷԣ⣬ֻǸ֣ǻսϵʱ
ڣҶ濼ǵǣλ뿪ⳡǧսۣδŸֵܣ뿪ⳡǧսۡ
ھȷʵǺö
ǣû뿪ֺܵô档
ҪˣЩҶԣûκ塣
˧ˣѯ۵ˣͻȻ䣬һֱСŲŲţ
Ҷ۾һȴĶ


2142 ̵ʱ
˧ѯģûҪĻͷеĻƷΣĿж٣ʲôۣϹţһϲɫ
ǣͷеǣƷ״ɫһɫɫɫɫɫУ۸ɫµģԸɫĻͷһڵ˧
ҶشĺЩޣѲ˾̽ͷĿţ⵱еĺڻ塣
֣ͻţһ˵һ߲ҶһĴָˣۣ湻ڵģ
һɫͷȻҪһ˧ۣˣǲɣţ˵
ǿɲһһħħԴɻһȺľλȻ޷زϮĴһĺλǶЩڶࡢ۰ССӵĴ󻧣пٱĹ壬Ҳֵˡ
ҶĻû˵꣬ţһɨһۣţ;ϲĵ˧ˣЩȫѯ򣡻˵ЩһĹӻ湻ġ
󶼶Ľݱȥڣʱɣ
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ǧսѾʼǧսֻۣҪһһ֪Ҫˡ
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⣬ѵõĻᣡ
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ûҶҪ飬
ܾɣЭħսʮΪڡ
Эڼ䣬㹻սͿԽʮ̵ꡣ⣬һ֧ӼԱ˳ɣҲǰ˳ս
ԭǧս۲ǲżģǧսһͼˡ
ħսսпᣬÿ궼Ҫٹ壬οǸӲпǧսۡ
ħԴƽؾͺֵǮ֣˵ǧսؿˡ
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ϣǽֹġ
ⶫǸ裬ԣ˾ǱҲһֻ۱һֻۣ˵ùȥͿϿΪ
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ħųԴҪһ
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ʵ
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ңֻлȥЩ壬á
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ѯĹҪҶеĻҪࡣ
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˧ô죬ǵľĸ󻧣ȫԵ£ǷɢҲֻҪʮңͿ⡣
ǽ͵ԴеĻҪ࣬ǵħԴֻĿš
ҪǼ۸ߵãţæЩͷöصʾҶ档

ҶȻѾ⣬ħԴһŻһ˧ۣڵģʮڵһǧ֧ӳֹʸ
ħԴһŻһ鱬ħʮϻʸֻÿһٿŻһڵ˧ֻۣʮڵ
ʵûеģȼֵĵҩ߾е档
⣬ǿԳ۵ĵħԴĿԼſţÿΪš
ڽħԴһǧٿţÿһҵޣܳٿţҶ˵
ţˣǴ˧ǲûôħԴ˧ѵ٣ǺڳԺڣ
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Ҷ仰ûƭţ
ЩħԴһǧٿŽħԴȫҶħ֮ռͷ
Ҷħ֮УϹħ񴫳еħ徫Ӣսջ񵽵ħԴƺ
ħԴȷʵֻţħԴȥͷҲȷʵֻһǧٿš
ǣħԴǳǧ
֮ǰһֱҶռڣҸʵĻɾڿħսϣֻҪʵ洦ǡ
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ڽ˳򣬺ܼ򵥣˭̵ʱڣ׵ľе͵ָĵص㣬ȸ˭ףҶ˵
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2143 Ѫ鵤
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Сèʩչͨһʱɳ
ҶԾģЩ˶ԾļУѾҶ
Ҫ֪ҶνָĽ׵ص㣬ֻҶѪҪ󷽴ɽлһ׵ص㡣
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Ͼ£Ǽùġ
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Сèʩչͨһεľ룬Ѿ˾ǧ
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˫óһöָɶԷͶ֮ͬʱ֮С
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ħͷɷٶһħͷǣЩЩС

ҶĿһ˶ľѾ㹻ǰħսˣһʵλ˰ɣ
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֪϶жħͷҼˣԸ߼չ˵
߼ۣ
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ֻҪԸ۸㹻ҼˣԸ߼ۣ
߼ۣһŵħͷһٿŽħͷ˧ۣҪ𣿡ҶЦſһ˵ļ롣
ߵЩΣ˧ۣõóֻ֣һˡ
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Ѫ鵤ҲУж٣
һҶѪ鵤ͷһ΢΢Щ⣬ҪˣϷƣҼˣӦÿǵθڡ
һǧ򣡡
Ҷ濪ֱ֣ӽһ㿪ʲôЦأҼˣô꣬Ҳֻս򣬴󲿷֣ء
ж٣Ҷ飬ЩʧУ̫ٵĻҲûˣҲͲ˷ѿˣ

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2144 ս
Ѫ鵤һΪĵҩЧҶ֮ǰõѪе񣬵ۺЧȴֱѪˡ
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գҶӲե˶ʮŽڵѪ鵤ǧڵѪ鵤һЩͷ
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ΪЩҶִʮŽħͷԼǧħͷ
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ҼɳԼҾͨռͨӵпռ鱦طĴڣ̵ʱڣϵҶָĽ׵ص㡣
ȻÿһҵĽ׵ص㶼ǲͬģҶûôɵ
̶һʱ˿ŵħͷһǧٽͷħͷµħͷȫһա
⵱Уħͷ붼Ҷħڵն񣬴ʱȫˡ
˵ʵҶ滻ȥЩħֵͷǼЩħġ
Ѿǧսۿսħսĸ־ܺˡ
ЩɲҶ浣ġ
Щȥͷļһһϼ޻ģɲɵɵóһͷ˵Լնɱġ
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Ҷ򻻵˴ĸ߼е
˵ģ˧ۣҶͻʮңҶ콢Ҷµ˧ۣѾһʽ
Сһ˧ۣҲǧʿһңǧˣٶģҲﵽÿʱһǿߵķٶȡ
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ҶԼһټһǧ鱬ħ֮⣬ȻɳѲ콫̵ʱڽЩе͵ҪصѪҪűݡޱݡ
ÿƽʮİټ鱬ħ󣬾ܹǵسʵ
⣬Ҷ滹ȥһµħͷĸߵȼʽУҩ
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Ȼ˵ǰϮɹΣϮĳɹԾͻԽԽС
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ΪĶͳ˧ҶصĻһħΧǣôͻ᳹׵ʧȥ
һ֧ʧȥԵĴǱ£ûжٸıս֣Ѱսġ
ԣҶϢ֧˳⣬Ѱս
˧ԸںѪ鵤ʿͽ죬ѾѡϣȫԸǿΪ
̶ֳȵΪǿںѪ鵤ʧʺʣϸţ㱨
УںѪ鵤ҲҪ죬һҪʮ£ǵĴ²ǳʱһطţһĵġ
Ҷȴһɵţļ򣬡Щ⡣
ЩѪַȥÿһͰñ˧طһͰѪϣںѪ鵤
⣬ַȥ֮󣬽ȫδ˧콢
ûãţͰҶĽЩʿһһҶ콢Ҷ콢һ˵Ĺһ㡣
Щʿ̤ɲǣһΣͳһƬȫİĿռ䣬ȫ콢ۡ
̤ɲǣЩʿЩңԪ˧ҶЩʿ˲ϢͰ
̵ʱڣñ˧ǵķѪȵǿȣȻںѪ鵤Ҷ
Щʿ˿ȻҶʱռڡ
Ҳֻʱռ䣬̵ʱںɡ
ΪθһͰѪΪ˴ȵĽںϵʧʣٿֵܻʡ
Ѫ鵤ʦ½ŴУἰֻȼ䡣
Ѫ鵤Ѫ֮ͻȻ壬ǿȲߣںʧ塣
Ѫ壬ǿȣɴȽںʧʣⱬ
ô˵Ծǵвá
ҶҲΪһ㣬ŴĻȡѪ鵤ġ
ϣҶʦ½ԭ
ЩͽľѪҶĺܶ࣡


2145 սӪ
ʱ䣬̫Ӵƾ½鶨˽ѪҪĲԡ
ò˵Ҷ֮ǰϮһá
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ҪҶ֮ǰϮǸŵˡ
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ڣҶϮ̵ǲʮ͹ľ̫Ӵƶ˾衣
˵ǲűϮ۽ǿ˵ǲžų´Ĺ
ôǵȱһٱϮɹ̫ӵҪ˵
Ҫⳡпܾħ֮λ̳ߵսУʧ֡
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ǣ̫ӴƽݵĴʮӵʮ
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Ҫֱ¡
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ҵǣһι̫ӴƴĴȫǾеľ
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Ҳֲܹ֮ǰǲʮս̫ӴŹѪҪıʤġ
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Ҫǣǲ۽ʿԣҲҪʿ
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һʮգ̫ӴµħͷֱֳѪҪűݣޱݡ
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㲼øССĻ㶼ҪֳЩ۶Ƥ˾ֱ˵⼸еģСļŻĺ߳
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С΢΢һ£ͷҡⲻе𣿡
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С߳Ԫ鰢䲻Ըĸģͷ֪ˣԺ󲻸ˣ
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˿̣սǣ˷·һ㣬һȷڵأҶһ£ʱһ˹ȥ
ţ̾뱬ٶȿȽߡ
Ҫͬϣ
ӦҲ֮ǰˣ
ƺҲսˣ

һԶʳ¯սͣǰţҶ棬ͣһ
սʵһۺϵеϲɫԽԽŨ
νںϵսҶеĻҪǿ
ǽսʱʵߣ⻹ǸոںϳΪսٶȻ̫Ϥ
һƿ֮󣬻ӵǿ
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һϲѶǣ˼λ֮⣬еʿѾںϡ
һʱڣЩʿһǿλðķʽսת
˵ǣںϵĳɹʣߴٷ֮ʮš
ǧѪ鵤ֻвʮںתʧܣһ
ҶѪҪԭ
ΪµĴͷṩѪͳ˧£ҲֻҶһˡ
Ǵӽ֧ӣӪͽСսӪɣ
Ҷ滰صɲǣţϢĳҶԣޱȵĵ˼򣬡˧飡


2146 ֪ħʦԤ
ѩɫĴϣħɵĶ飬·ʰ쵵ĶֱѪҪűݣޱݡ
ʮħǰļĸ߰ŭͳͳɢ˲Ϣձñϴ
ƿɢ̿գԤʾ̫ӵ´˴γɣ״ųȖеͳɤЦ
ħ̫Ӵڸ߿иƼеĴħţɭɭĹħţ׳ɽţħħţɢϢóԶ̹ħţԼóĺ͹Ⱦš
Ȼ˵Щħľţµ࣬ǣ㹻ˡ
˶ʤܲʤ
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һΣΪħ̫Ӵʮղ⵶ŵʿǣһ˫ĿУѪǷ
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ħڵĹأҲħڲλ߱Լǿһߡ
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̫ӵ£˴δսС󡣡֪ħʦߺ˵ÿһ֣̫Ӵޱȡ
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ҪǣһٴεУʮԤԣֶκǰĲãǸı˽
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ǣҲͳһ
ǵĵˣѪҪڱ֮УǵǰԺ󷽣˵Ҫͱ֮⡣
Ŀǰ̫Ӵƣ粣Ȗƣ´Ϊʮа˾ţǴܱսǰԮԮ
ϾܹܵҪڼսڣѪҪǶһݣɳԮҲ֮е顣
£Ԯ֮⣬ҪǸҶϮñûɲ´ѵ
һ̫ӵͳȴЦ´ųǱǸҶ˵ɣ
㡭
´һǺ죬ȴٴοڣѪҪȫֻжʮң̫ӵ´٣ɸҷֱ
֮ǰҴʮ
㣬ڿ̫ӵ¡
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ħڲͬΪ߽ħħħ壬һֱĿħ֮µĵһǿħ壬ǶĿħ֮µһѪôһֱһֱڻ̨
Դˣħ̫Ӵƻĵõģħʵƺ֮
ȻħʦԤԣôҪֵСġ
ȥųǧȼߣÿһӱλһΣҪ»սӦԱϮ


2147 ħ
ʱ˧ڣҶ濴ųѲ鱨üͷһƬ
ħĳȫųǧаǵпƳߵӰħȫųصףҲĿڵص׶еħħ
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ֻֻЦݣʱ˼ζ
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˧ǵĳųǧµҲڰڣȫţһš
ֻҪµһڷͻϮ֣ʱ˵
һ֧뱸ս״̬Ļأ
ҶĻ֣ʱ˼˼£սӣһڣӦÿȫ
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סɲǣӵʿĵ׶ĪѪһʮޱȵĵɢƿնĶҺ
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ǣˡ
ֹսУֻҪձǾؽ֮õ顣
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ĴЦУͷ򽽵Ǿħʬϱߡ
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һŭ˻
ɵū
ɱǣ
ħڸ߽ħ壬оͣȻޱȵķŭĿ⻹ڿžų粣ȴžų粵
ħĿע£ų͵һ֣ŭͼūɹļŭˣ
ļŭˣ
ҷģ۸ٴĴۣҲҪ̤ƿҪȻµͷƳҹٳȡ꣬ҹĥ
ʱ˿̣粱ѡ
ΪľٶѾɹĴĵߡ
⣬ħԣܸӡ
һħǲάħϵġ
ǣħԼǱħ̤ʱǲȥһԼϣǵ棬Ҫˡ
ʱ˿̣ǲųҪ澡ʧ
粵첻мĳǾħʬһŨ̵
ħǣүүбɱ
ɱ
ǣ
ҹǣ
Ƴ֮󣬼Ȯ
ų粷ŭսĺŽһøոħȥ
Щʵǿħ壬Ѹͣ
һΣųǽܹѹȥĲӣȫѹȥˡ
ǵһδսĿģܵԮԣսѲ
ͬһɲǣԶڼǧҶ棬յ˹췢
˧ɼսħѾܹ


2148 ѵľ
ΪħͷһޱݣЩеͽħ壬Ҳˡ
Щħ彫׺̬˿ޱݡ
ȻⲻΪǶħܵͬܡ
ħ裬Ϊﶼ˽ħԣĮȻǿЦ˵
ǣħڲѪ棬ȴǲòˡ
ĸӵĽսֻҪǸӵĽħħ塢ħĸ߽ħ壬µʿ佫УֻҪǸ߽ħģֻҪԸŵģֱϵһɱΪū
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Ϊ߹ħ壬ֻҪӣΪٵܹͣһСľְ
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Ҳͬһʱ̣ȫǵ粣Ҳյ׼ȷ鱨

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ԵĵеĳЩˣÿһսܹӳֵһʮ˵ľš
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սһ֧ӵĸӰ죬ױȵġ
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ģ͸߼󷽴ϵ˶ݵжϡ
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񣬾վŲǿҲܿôɣ粷ŭ
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һɲǣ֪ħʦߺԤԣͷһĪС
ҶľǰޱڵؾϳԿ϶ǣ߿϶ӭһܣ
ڰܵʧʲô̶ȣ˵ˡ
Ϊ̫ӵͳ죬粻żɱġ
ܿģһޱȵľ


2149 
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һĿҶ棬ȻҶˣôʲôʱ乥ѪҪħ̫ӴƶԣͲҪˡ
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һʱ䣬ħ̫ӴƾͽѹѪҪĴеһ־񣬳
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ԣ̫ӴűݵĲҲһóֿޱһΡ
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ħ̫Ӵεǣոճֵ֪ħʦߺĳǰ֪ħʦߺͯӾʹӳ
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ħ̫Ӵվԭη޾壬񣬲ܶĿ棬ܰս
૰Σħ̫Ӵ˫һ̽ͽ˺һѷ죬˲Ϣʧ

Ϊħ̫ӴƵ̫ͳ粣Ҳħ徫Ľš
ħĽţǿǱҪʵսܺϸġ
ˣ粻ǿָġ
Ҷǳٽȫ֮ϵĿʼֹͣǵʱͷ֣ƱеĻҪĶࡣ
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͵һҧ粲㽫ԼһȮһĸҧ顣
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ħˣȻ˽ԹΪԼҡѪΪλľۼ£صľǹĺǡ
ĺ˹ǵĻһ죬ͻصУٴתͶ̥
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ĺû˹ǾͻԶʧУҲؼҺתͶ̥·
ĺǣģǶôҪˡ
һɲǣһѪװõĺɲǣͳ粵ͬʱս
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һɲǣЩħ壬һ˻ţһ㣬ת׷ɱĿޱݵؾ
ͬһɲǣҲŭ󣡡
ħԲشԮ


2150 ѪӴ
һħ幥ǲӵĴۣ˱Ľߵʱ䣬˱βл
ħԲħ֮еһּļγػĻĴ
һɣʮǿ󣬿ؿɹ
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Ҷ滺ҡҡͷûǸʱǵһһĻ˧Ը⣡
βƽѹ
һ£Ҷ濴ŽԲħȲƽ粴˾ϣҲκ󳷣󳷹Уսʱ׼ͻоͻӡ
һɲǣҶʼκ󳷵粣ȻЦɱ´ŷɥҶ棬Ҳ˶ѡ
ٱƽҵоΣ׼粴˿̵һЦ⣬̫ӵµԮִ֮ǰҶǴҶ棬ôʱ򣬲޹й
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صף
Եص׵͵Ϯص׵ĳ򣬶ڸʲôǣȫ粶ŭ
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ͬһɲǣҶҲõµ鱨
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ҶõϢţЦܺãǵ̫ӴƵ£Ҫһˣ
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ͬʱһҶзɳ˲仮ʣɵѪϿյɲǣһתۣѪӺӵף


2151 
ѪӺѪҪ࣬խʮǺˮļнӺ֮ơ
ҶĴˣħ̫ӴƵĴ׷ľȴԽԽ
ڣڽӽѪϿյʱľѾǧࡣ
ٶȣ಻һӣħ̫ӴƵĴͿ׷ҶĴҷ
Ҷ棬Ҫˣ
ˣ뱾̫Ӱڿƣһս
ģ̫Ӳռˣ̫ӾͶ׷Ҷ棬ħ̫Ӵá
վͷңңҶ溰˻緢֮£ֱǧ֮⡣
СèҶӴ룬ңң̫ӵ£Ҷĳǵħʱɥ֮ȮӢˣĪǵղ񫣬ջһɥ֮Ȯ
Ҷ˳ǧһؼ䴫ħ̫ӴϵЦ⣬ʱʧ
ʱͬգħ磬ĵ̣񣬿ںĴ½ÿԹƽһս
Ҷ浱ħ֮ܣħ̫ӴƵһģղҰʵֱ硣
Ϊ̫Ӻͳ˧ǰ飬һֱ磬˺̫ˡ
Բ˵֮ܣΪҶĵϣΪյʧһǿ˵ùȥԭ
ƽһս䣬Ĺƽ𣿡˵䣬Ҷһָħ̫ӴƵĴ²ӵĸʵ¶ʵ࣬˵ˣƽ
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սĵҶ棬ѹûʱָսָȨƽ֣ʱ֮Ҷʱλڵħļߡ
ʱ֣ҶѾûһ˿һı
սѪɢѪɫâسͷֳһֱĵ׵սսѪɢѪɫâ˼֡
սѪ췢սȴһ޷ֵԪ籩һ㣬˲ϢʮλԪܵ𵴡
ٵĶܵһӰ졣
ֹУ˲ϢͿԾ
һӰ죬˲ϢҶػӵĵǣӭЩǵĵһʱ䣬ռ˼ıˡ
Ҷ棬Ҳһɲǣһ̤
սڶʿ͹ˮѪ˿һεĴһѣ͵ؽǳգγһϹħѪɫӰ
ӰһΣеѪͻѪ·Ѫɫһ㣬Ҷ漲˹λڵļߡ
ĻӰλڵļǰ֣ǣҶϹħԜط۵ѪӰɷȴЩֶκػĻ
ֱ͸ȥصĺλǿߵԪ֮ϡ
˲Ϣ䣬ڵļԪ𣬱渡ơ
ѪɷطˡϹħֶΣ㡭ôᡭڵļ߾ֵļ
˵Ԫ֮£˿ȴЩܿˡ
ҲͬһɲǣҶֱעʮԸɽСлԪףͬʱͺλڼϡ
ǣǿߵΪѾۻ뵽˼¡
ػףĻ鱦Ӧ˼ΣգظĻסλڵļߡ
ҶɽСԪУעʮԸ屶ֹ
ǣɱԶĺ鱦ĵס
ǿߵ纣ֻĺ鱦ȡҲĻ鱦ӳ
ҡҡ׹ǹƣ
㵺;״̬ħ̫Ӵƣһ
ɾһɲǣһ̹ⶸشҶŵ̽˲Ϣͷֻʮɫ⣬ļµ컯Ϣһţǵڼߵڡ
ܵļµ컯Ϣħ̫Ӵһħ˲Ϣ֡

ħĵߣҲһɲǷ˾ļС
ļȻֹͬʱλħĵеʣ˲Ϣɢ
С߶ʮ÷Ԫ룬ʱͿʼɣ
纣һط£ͱСţֱӺռϡ
һ֮£һλħĵڵļ߾ˣħ̫Ӵ𾪵ͬʱЩãˡ
ͬһɲǣͬ˲Ϣ䣬һλħĵڵļߣһļ˻
ȼݣ
ϼȖƾǰȼݣ
Ǿӣϴоǰȼݣ̫ӵˣˣҪᣡ


2156 ֪ħʦ
ħľһڽ첻һеĳħ̫Ӵƣ˿⽫󱳱¶˺󷽵ı˾
Դˣ˾ҲǺ
ʼķ䣬һǿʸȥͻὫЩ֮µħߣǴǺ«һ
Ȼһɱ
ֻش
Ѿ㹻ˡ
֣ʱսʱһ׵ĳȥĽЩܵشħ徫Դ¡
ֻܵ˵ģΧ֮£ҲֻǷѵնɱ
⻹õģõģ򱻾ʥˮֱһ˺ˮ棬ķ飬Ҳ̶ã
Ȼħ徫Ԫ飬ӳ󲿷ֱ˾ûնɱ
ǣȴЩճԪģͷƮսѪ졣
ѪһչЩħ徫ͲҽűսѪɣսѪ֮ǰʩչĵѪ⣬̵ʱȫָѪ⿪ʼٴ
һ˲䣬Щħ徫Ա֮ǰٶս
˵ô࣬Щ飬ȫڶ̶һ֮ڡ
仯̫죬ħļ߲ս䣬ٵеħ徫񲻹һеսλսĵԼһУĶ̫ˡ
쵽Ϊ˵ħ̫ӴƶûзӦ׷ʲô¡
ֱһλ˵Ҫˣ˶Ҫᣬħ̫ӴŷӦ˹ħء
ҲףµЩħʿΪʲôָӣΪʲôһˡ
˻ȥ
󣡡
Ա
̫Ӵƺ䣬ȴûκİ¶˼֮ɫȼ֮ƣӵķ
̫ӴƼֱð𣬳һħ徫Ŵ
ĸ˻ȥԱӲǱ

˻ƽԱ
û£
ӲǱ
ħ̫Ӵƣżˡ
̫ӴûκãûһţЩǰȼݵħ徫һļˡ
һţħΪħ̫ӴƵӯ̫ӵ˰ϧҵȣҵ̫ӵ£ֵˣ
ֵǣ尡̫ӵ£
̫ӵ£ⱲӸ㣬
̫ӵ£һҪΪǱ𰡣
һħ͵һƣ˺ħ̫ӴƵʮɳǿ߷ĹǰߣѪŴ̫ӵ£±ӣǻ㣡
̫ӵ£±ӣǻı
һħ徫ŭţǰ˺̵ıħ̫Ӵơ
˾һɳĽǿߣԼƺ˴ˮЩ㲻ˡ
ħЩһһ
ǲҪģֻҪħ̫ӴƷԶ̹Щħ徫񣬾ͻһܲħ̫ӴƵЩ
ԭҪЩܣɲӲ
ڣһȫӲ
Ӳ֮£ˣأⳡ̱ޱȹ
ǰ˺̱ħ̫Ӵƣˡ
Ȼָж
ƵֱѪҲжֱѪ
Ƶǣħ徫ֱ̫ɵˡ
ֱ
ڵĴΣա
ʮһǧǿϢǣΣѹҪǱ
жǣһη֣µʿ˵Ŀɰ
һȻΪϧĿ
Ȼ֮ǰЩħ徫ҲΪЧΪݺ;ԭ
ڣȫǳڱġ
ħڲЩڱĵҳ̴ӣǿÿһ嶼ϧޱȵļҳ
һɲǣħ̫ӴƷǳʹ
Щҳħ徫񣬾ȥ
ǰΣҶĿЩ
Ҳû뵽Ȼľ档
֮ǰҶ¸һĴۣҲҪȫħ̫Ӵһ뷨
ڿƺˡ
Щħľ񣬴ʱ˿̿Ҷǡɵɰ
ͷһΧħ̫ӴƵľʱҵ˽취
ֻҪ뿪İΧȦЩħ徫ףΣվѾͲװ׵ˡ
һɲǣħ̫ӴƶĿкڹⱩռʱһħ̫Ӵƾƿֱ롣
һֱעħ̫ӴƵҶ棬¾պ΢΢һʱ͸Ӧյ𶯡
ÿǣҶħ̫ӴƵ뷨
̫ӴƣҪӣ
ʱ˿̣Ҷ뷨ָıˡ
ħ̫ӴƲɱǷ²ҲԲɱ
ٲҶͱ˾
ҶɲȹЩΧʱֻʣһ˹ĻȥԱϡ
ǣս֮±
ҶĲ²÷Ѷܹȫħ徫ҶɲΪħ̫ӴƵıǰΡ
仰˵ҶԲɱħ̫ӴƣǣȴԲħ̫ӴƻʱĴΡ
ңĿǰҴһ״̬
ħ徫񲻼һд۷ǰȥħ̫ӴƣҶµľ򲻹һеɱЩħ徫
һһħ̫ӴУս־ͻ䡣
ЩԭƱħ̫ӴƵħ徫һͻޱȵķ˻ҶĴɴ
һ㣬ҶԲ
ԣҶе¾պӦһղɲǣǱһ㣬⶯ͷ͵׹޹⻪һһ׾ĺ
׼ȷޱȵղ
ʱħ̫ӴƸոս⴦ƿĿռͨ
ֻǽɲǣռͨͱҶ漰ʱ䵽ľ׸֧顣
ռͨĿռֱӽħ̫ӳײǱ˺ôѳ
ոѳɲǣɫҶŵ·еħ壬˿̶ֳ
ħ̫ӴƵĽŵ£ǹһɽһ㣬ص˼㡣
ŵһĻ䵽һħħ徫Уһӵżˡ
̫ӵ¼߶ʧˡ
̫ӵ´˿̵ΣΣյʲô̶ȣ
˲Ϣ䣬һӵķܲħ̫ӴƴӳĻᡣ
Դˣħ̫Ӵƣļֱᡣ
Ҷ棬ػӵĵǣһѲ񽫣С͡ƺλʥٵնɱһλһλħ
Сʹ͡ǵĳϣӵϹѪѪǣ֮£ÿһϢһλ䡣
ٶȣһħ徫ľ˼
ħ徫٣һĻһ߶ţ̫ӵ£ɲ
һҪסԮһģ
߶ͬʱϵͨСͨѶŲ󣬽һһԮǷȖƵĹǾš
ѪҪ֮£ڶ̶̼յԮǷȖƣˡ
ŵķ⼱ֵԮȼݹǷĵ֣ȖƳ׵ļˣòٵĸϵ֪ħʦߺĳǰ֪ͨħʦߺꡣ
߷ľȼݹǷ֪ħʦߺ꣬⼸ۣɫʱͱѿޱȡ
ӹǷһۣ΢գһӦüĶһ£ˣ
߳У֪ħʦߺʱʧӰ٣


2157 ħʦֶ
λħߵΪͬ㸲һ㣬Сйؿռӡݡ
طһй֮£ؿռӡݣ˿̼ͬѩһٵš
ŷӡԽԽԽߵķӡƷ׺Ҳǿ
һѾЩӡˡ
֮ǰСǿߵЩӡݵٶȣҲ졣
ǣλڼߵȴӡݷٵڡ
̶̼䣬ڵķӡݺȣͳʮǿܹڵķӡݺȵܺ͡
Ҷϲ⡣
Ϊٶò˶ãĵؿռӡ˵ƿ
ǰؿռӡݣҶһһǿҶ֪ؿռݣܸʲôĺô
˿Ҷȴûжʱȥ
˵ʵǰս֣ҶЩԾ
ħľ룬֮ϣҶ߶ĸָ
⵱Уħŵԭ򣬸вһбħ̫ӴƵԭ
ʵģǴ͡ϵµͨԼʩչϹħԜִط
ܸͨѵս
ֲõһᱻ壬ƾı֣Ҷ֪ˣҲὫ͡Ϊɱ
ڳĴÿһǴ͡ɱģǣ䣬ȴֱĹϵ
ϹħԜЩطҶʵǲܾġ
طͨûа֣֮ؼа֮֡
ͨһ޷ɱˣȴдĵˣΪʩչϹħ񴫳еط춨Ļ
׾ٵնɱĵ
ôˣϹħԜǿ󣬶Ҷʦ½룬ȴ׾ٵһָͷɱϹħԜ
ʦ½뻹ˡ
ɱʦ½Ĵڣжǿ
⣬ҶڸոջϹħԜĴеʱ򣬾˼ûһ̣Ҷޱѹ
Ŵ͡ϣҶ֣Щӵĵһһħ̫µľնɱɾ
ħ̫ӴޱȵͬʱҲҶ˲ͬ뷨
죬ŷ²ħ̫ӴƵĿܣ
նɱħ̫ӴƣҶǲҶϱ˾ʮɵ²ɲһ
ֻҪܷ²ħ̫Ӵƣ²ȥԭգ͵׷֮£Ҷûжٹϵˡ
ħĿ⣬ֻᶢξȳ²ħ̫Ӵһ£ᶢҶ治š
ԶȻħ̫ӴƣҶޱȵ´
Ҷڳб˾鶼ħսʷУնɱԷʮоܹܼͳ˧ǣȴûܹκһλħѪ
ħ̫ӣ
ħ̫ӣ
ֱУİ󣬷׷Χ׼˴ޱħ̫Ӵơ
ħ̫Ӵƣֱ˿̣ͷĪĿ־塣
µľ񣬻ħļߵһθܵΣա
Σյĸоȵħʱ
ħʱȻ˷֮ʹ
ʱʹеƣл뿪ġ
˿̣ʮλǧİټΧħ̫ӴƣͻȻûһ˿һġ
Żڿ²ǧľħ̫ӴͻȻʹһս
ѵҪڴ˵أ
ӣ
ʱÿһ˺ռͨᱻҶ׼ȷĴݻ٣ѹûߵĻᡣ
ΪĿħһҫħ̫ӴƣûѪ
һţһܱŰԪһ㱻ħ̫Ӵڣٵ͵ԭСĿкڹ⣬С̫һ⻪䡣
ǶĿڹĵطĹޱȱûʸҲ⡣
ֻսĶĿħѪû²ħѪ
²̫ӣΣ
仰ħ̫Ӵ˵سһħбЪ˹ĺӦ
ҶЦǰû²ĶĿħѪ첻У
ԣħ̫ӴƵɫٴαѿͻأģһд˳
ǰûУôҲУ
һħ̫ӴƾһĻϲħʦˣ
ͬʱҶе¾պ΢΢һ񣬸Ӧеĳռ䲨ӦƿգӦþǸոմħ̫Ӵ˵ħʦ
ҶҪ߶׹޺ǴռͨɲǣҶе¾պ⣬ͻȻ伱ٵ
һ˲䣬Ҷ¾պ⣬Ӧϰٴռ䲨
ÿһռ䲨һģһϢСһģһ
ֻֿܣһˣͬʱϰٸռͨ
⣬ǲܵ飬ռֻͨһ
ôξͺˡͬʱϰٵռ䲨
Ҷ߶׹޴ݻٸոսĿռͨҪ׹ļ٣ܽ
һԥһ˲ʱ
˵Ҷ޷ͬʱݻϰٸռͨһ˲ԥҶѾʧȥ˻ᡣ
ҶкȻ֮ʣһɫ۵֪ħʦߺ꣬ش̽ħ̫Ӵԡ
ħʦ̫ӴƼ״ϲĲû
̫ǣ
ɨħ̫Ӵһۣħ̫ӴƵ״̬֪ħʦߺȻġ
һӣεҶֻûͷһĵشҲ޷ħ̫Ӵߡ
·ħ̫Ӵƴʱһһ㡣
̫ӵ£Ϸ뿪ɣ
˵䣬֪ħʦߺһ֣ħ̫Ӵߣͳʮռͨ
Ȼ֪ħʦߺޱĶҶһۣ·ҶǰǲڵĿһ
ҶȴǼˣλ֪ħʦߺһ֣¾պʧȥá
䣡
ޱҶŭ
֮ǰİټһֱħ̫ӴƣΪһСĺɱħ̫Ӵƣÿֻʮںħ̫Ӵƣֻ̫ӴƵ
һֱ״̬
˿̣ۼħ̫ӴҪߣλħʦļһ˿ֲ
֮£Ҷֱİټȫ
ݵƿ˲Ϣ˺ռХߵħ̫ӴƵ
ħʦ㡭
̫ӵǣȥǣϷԺ͵һ֣֪ħʦߺޱŵĽħ̫ӴȥͽһռͨС
Ҫܷ²ħ̫ӴߣҶķŭˣɱ
ޱ֣
ͬһɲǣİٸɢſֲϢʸХŴ˷֪ħʦߺ꣡


2158 ͨ
İټ䣬˵֪ħʦߺ۷Ϊǵ۷塢ǵ۷벽컯ĴڣҲܲס
һɱ
ħʦ
ħʦˣ
һڲдħ徫񣬿һĻͬʱһĶᵽɤۡ
ոձ֪ħʦߺͽռͨûԶȥħ̫ӴƣĿзųҫޱȵĺɫ⻪Ҳ֪ħʦߺ걻İټһĻ
ħʦСģħ̫ӴƶĿʱ˸Բýޱȡ
һֱָ֪ħʦߺʲôʧǶ̫ӶԣӰʧֱ޷ݡ
ħ嶼Ϊ֪ħʦߺ굣ĵʱ֪ħʦߺȴȻޱȵһЦ
ʸҺΣ
һɲǣ֪ħʦߺָ⣬黮һԲ
ƻǳд⣬ȴּ죬Բǻһ˲ˡ
Ҳһ˲䣬İ֧ǿʸŸָļ˾Ǽӳֵĸطâ˹
Բȥƽƽ档
ʸɲǣǸԲȴ˷·ڶһеʸڽӽԲɲǣͱһ޷ܵľ˺ɽԲ֮С
İ֧ʸƾʧ֪ħʦߺˡ
һĻҶ浹һ֪ħʦߺĿ⣬Ѱ
ͨ
֪ħʦߺ꣬ǵĴͨߡ
ͬһɲǣڿռͨмԶȥħ̫Ӵƿ֪ħʦߺ갲Ȼһޱȵ˲ϢԶȥʧڿռͨС
дǧħ徫񣬿֪ħʦߺһҲ·ܵ˹һ㣬սսʢ㣡
Ǳ˾Ԫ˧Ҷ棿֪ħʦߺϢҶ档
ݾħ̫Ӵƣٵɽ±˾ȫ䣬֪ħʦߺȴû˿뿪˼ĶҶ棬ɱʢ
˼
ҶĿһݣкһϸ۵˲䲼ȫĳǴܱ˾Ԫ˧Ҷ棬ǣ
Ҷ棬֪ħʦߺú紺һЦݣҶ棬µסɱߣ֪ħʦߺ꣡
֪ħʦ
ĸ֣Ҷ鶸رȻޱȡ
ͬһɲǣҶͷ״ʢԶصѪȸдҶһǰδеΣС
Ǳһ㣬ҶһΧԼࡣ
ʦ½ط˱Σ֮⣬ʵǱ
ؼʱ̣һΪҶ浲Ĺ
ˣҶֻʧһСԪ걾ԴպֻҪʱ䣬ȫѰҺʵĲ
һ䣬ԿʧĲ࣬һӶ
˵ʵԴƳɹȫΣҶǵһ
ңԴҶûдҶΣյΣС
һ˲䣬ҶǱһ㣬Լķ߶˼¡
׹˲Ϣ۳һ׹ݡ
ǶҲˣ䣬ڵҶǰһݡ
õķǽ
оҶеΣУɽĽҲһɲ˼£һصգɽĽĲѡ
Ҷ汾һķӦ㹻죬ǣ֪ħʦߺĶȴǸ졣
ǱҶǰһͻأľͳҶǰ
֪ħʦߺָţָҶ浱ͷץ¡
ָ֮շ׷ױ顣
Ӧ֪ħʦߺĿֲвҶ׹ޡǶ飬ɽͬʱ֣Լǿ
һֱƴɽһ˲֪ħʦߺ̳ǧ⣬֪ħʦߺĽ֮·
ټ׹޵ǶĸǶ棬֪ħʦߺһн·ߡ
ǣ֪ħʦߺǿȥ紺磬ȴִżֵ߸ϵĮȻЦУ׹޺СлԪףиǶ棬ͳͳ֪ħʦߺǷָ
ҶĿ⣬һɲǱúȻޱȣҶ֪ħʦߺָϷŵУܵһִδĻܵһǰδеĿֲ
Ծ֮࣬ҶҲҡ
ΪǰԤҶ淽Ųлɽֱ֮࣬ɽ֮Уע˸ߴһٵԸ
һٵԸӳµɽÿһǽ⣬Żͻͽ⣬شǿߵ
Ҷţƾɽ޷ش֪ħʦߺ꣬Կһ
ֻҪһܱߵʮλɳҶͿԼʱϵˡ
ɽеĻͻͽ⣬֪ħʦߺ˸һ˿ɫҲɫ
һɲǣҶĿɿڴһĻˡ
ɽǼӳ˴Ը֯һĻͻͽɫУ֪ħʦߺ꣬ȻͥŲһ㣬ޱȵıܹɽĽɱ
Ĺ
ҶĿɿڴ˵ɽ飬Ҳʧ
Ľޱȣͨ
ҶΪԽ齣ĴڣǳĶ֪࣬ħʦߺͥŲһܿеĽɱĴڣ֪ħʦߺȴͷһλ
ԼҲţıԪ⵽شڻָУĽ裬ȴ˿û˲ǰ֮ǰо
֪ħʦߺֶΣҲ׵ļս⡣
ˣ
Ҷе߳һн߿յɽͻȻ˳һһ١
ٴУո߿յĻͻͽɫ⣬صأϰٵɫͻͽ⣬ֻǧɫͻͽ⣬Ҷǰ֯һƬ֪ħʦߺǰ
ҶδʩչһУʩչһʱһ˲ͳҶ鹬н齣еҶ֪һеԼ
ңǴۻԪȥ֪ħʦߺ꣬ѹܱܹ⽣ֻӲӲ
һǽУΪԪǰ֮ݼУһɱУ⻹ǵһʩչ
ֻҪԷκһеĽ⣬ǧͻͽɫ⣬ͻԪһŷޱȾ˵شնɱԷ
һɲǣٴʧ
֪ħʦߺһָᵯһ£ţԪҲΪյıöӦı仯
ֱ仯УԭԪͻȻͳ˲΢ɲ
֪ħʦߺˣǳµĻζһ£ʹʩչԪеһ϶Уɴ
ⲻܣ
ٴʧ
ԪݹΣԸ֪С
֪ħʦڿ⽣еĵһ˲䣬ڿǧһ֮ʣޱҵ֮·оǽһ㣬һĪĲеĸо
ȷǽУ֮󣬵һʩչ
һǹġ֪һ˲䣬ͷŨŨľ⡣
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ЩҶֵġ
Ҷ澪ֵǣ֪ħʦߺָⷺҶΪѵɲǡ
ҶɵڵľʥܬAƤƳɵȻֽһ
Ҫ֪ԷľʥƤʮƳɵ
Ҷͷ𾪣˿Ѿ޷ˣ


2159 С
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Ƥʧȥ˾ʥܬAۺΪ֧ţ½ˣҲ½ɶѡ
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Ҷһָоסһôһ֪ħʦߺɢ
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ΪСʩչʱĵĸԪ
ͷˮҶ棬׵ļˣԪ鰢үģǵûӦİ취ֶΣҪǸ˵ûУһӵһӹȥ


2160 ħʦ
УȻУ
ҶвŵĲԪ鰢̵ʱ佫ӦСķҶ档
Ҳܼ򵥣ط
ͬطǵͼ취ֻҪ㹻󣬾ֵܹ֪ħʦߺС
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Ҷûͻƣط
Ǵģ
ˣҶѾû̫ѡˡ
ھԵǰҶƴһѣ;
ҶԪ˧û뵽㾹Ȼ˶ԸʵϷ⣡ٶԸ죬Ҳɣ
֮ɫ¶֪ħʦߺ꣬Цһš
ǿɲһ
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һ߽ԸĹעʥɲǣҶ֮УҶһģһԪ˫
ԪͶ䵽ԸϵɲǣԸһµĴԸͻȻ𣬷Ҷɢɫ⻪Ԫ顣
һԸҶԪɲǣҶɫԪ飬رɫ
ɫԪɲǣҶĸ֪ڵתٶȣٶȣ׷׳ɱɱҶԪϢҲһɲǿʼٵ
ܵҶԪϢ֪ħʦߺ¶һ˿ɻ֮ɫҶڸʲô
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ΪԭеԪɱ֮Ҷ滹ûѧʦ½봫µطУȴһֿԽԸʩչط
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Ҷ治ԪϢ֪ħʦߺĿԽԽأҶĴʥϵС⻪ҲԽԽࡣ
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ֱֲӽ֪ħʦߺĶĤϡá
ģ֪ħʦߺͷһҽС
˵ʵô֪ħʦߺ껹δܹʹࡣ
ǣ¶ʹôĿļ񾭣֪ħʦߺ־ǿޱȡ
¶ܵشҶؿڵָû뿪ֺСͨҲûֹͣʩչ
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֮ǰСʮ÷ԪĿռͨͲɱжˡ
˲Ϣ䣬Сʮ÷Ԫ룬ͬһ㣬ٴ֪ħʦߺȥ


2161 Ʒ鱦
Сʮ÷ͷһٵ֪ħʦߺȥ
ͬһɲǣһɶ۴ϸۻޱȵɫ⣬ֱҶɵĹԲ˫֮к
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ԭ֪ħʦߺ㵲סҶ⾭ٵԸǿɫ⣬ܵӰҲޡ
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ݵĲ˼֮ɫش֪ħʦߺӿԪľ𵴣֪ħʦߺ޷˳ĵԪ޷ʱķռͨ赲ڵС
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ֻҪʮ÷Ԫ֪ħʦߺԪ飬ô֪ħʦߺڣҪˡ
ƺܵĳĪΣգʮ÷Ԫ뼰Ԫһɲǣ֪ħʦߺԪ飬͵˫ŭ߳ң
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Ǽ̫ˣСϸڣĳָܣεϸڣЩӡждڡ
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˿ҶԪ֮УԸŷõԭ򣬿֪ħʦߺļ䣬ҲǿԵġ
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ͬʱ֪ħʦۺǲǿĿռʱ䷨ֱӱСͽУصĺؿռӡϡ
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ٶȣС֮ǰλڵħļʱٶȻҪ졣
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ǲ֪ؿռ⿪֮󣬻ʲô
ʦ½ԣĵķռڣܻȥһʦ½Ʒ
ǿʦ½ƷͨɫҶԣҲԲͨ
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Ʒ鱦
ǰ׹ɢϢûҶʧ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷϲţ


2162 ūȦ
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ϸ׹⣬شҶͷ׹ǼٵĶеİ׹֮ϡ
׹˸䣬ǰ׹ⷢһҶԪɵӡ͵ֱ̽ӽ׹߬С
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䣬ޱ޼ʵĺˮһҶԪ顣ԪеԸ˸ţҶԸֱӽЩõ䣬ޡ
һɲǣҶһָ߸ϵ̬ۿ֪ħʦߺħ켣
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Щħ徫񣬶Ǹ֣֪ħʦߺϢʧʲô
ʱһͿ޺

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֪̳٣ʹ֪ħʦ䣡
ħڣеλħ壬֪¡
ԣħ̫ӴƵĶĿɫһףؿһһѪشӿп쭶͵


2163 ֪ħʦϣ
ħ壬ʥǣʥɽΡħߴһݾС
ھ֪ħʦϣİüͰɫĳ룬ͻȻһλǵˮʹۼ们䡣
ߺꡭ
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Ƴͷ·һȦȦħ񹬣ʥɽʥǣʥܱ
ħոħǹ廹ƽū׷סͣе飬ͷħ񹬵ķ
ħ죬д·
ħϸУڶ̴ٶƳٴ쳹
һеߣɫ䡣
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Ƴɲǣħɫһ
ħӿħ徫񣬷׷Էħǰۼ
λʥĵħʹڣħʶվ𣬶Ŀһɫ⻪ͷ·һһ㣬ֱħ񹬡
ϣϣλ֪ħʦˣ
һмĴˡ
ħڲʸħ쳹ͨѶˣֻħʺħ̫ӣԼ֪ħʦ
ֻϵ֪ħʦ
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֪ħʦϣŨŨħһ㣬ʥܱ
˲Ϣ䣬ʥܱۣưö·ͬһ
ͬһɲǣħЩ壬׷׵ϥأħɽķħħڵĻˣ˿ҲԹԵĹˡ
ͨħ壬˫ϥأħ񹬵ķ
ЩūһֵͶİħ񹬵ķ龪ֵ˼㡣
֮Ծ֣Ϊħڲһ˵Ĺء
һи߹Ĵ䣬ͻնɱūᡣ
ǰһħѪԶ֧䣬ūĿߴʮ
һͷ֪ħʦ䣬֪Ҫū
ͬһɲǣħĿһתתħսķ򣬡ƣĿޱȡ
ķ֪ħʦϣ䣬Ϊ佨¹ڣ룬壬ٻū򣬹ʹ֪ħʦϣٴ
Ŀڹֱصħ΢һͷͺȵƣ
ūǲƲҪ۹ħṩȻҪħͬ⡣
֪ħʦϣĻͲҪħʵͷͬˡ
ķ˭ܽɱ֪ħʦߺ֮˵ͷԪ͵ϷǰϷһŵӣһ֪ħʦ֮λ
һʥħ壬ˡ
֪ħʦϣչŵӣһ֪ħʦ֮λ
Ȳ˵֪ħʦʵжôǿ󣬾˵֪ħʦĵλԿħ
ֻҪһ֪ħʦ֮ǰū壬ʱͿԳΪħʸĹ塣
֪ħʦʵһֳȻޱȵݺ͵λ
ĿħѪ֮£κħѪĵλܹȼ֪ħʦ
ħħҲ⡣
ңǶĿħһ֪ħʦҲмӡ
񣬵õ֪ħʦϣŵ˭˲Ķ
󣬾ǧӰȻ뿪ʥǣħսķ
ħڲλĻѴѵģǣܹ֤Ϊ֪ħʦ֤Ϊ֪ħʦĻᣬȴһݡ
ħֻҪܹɱ֪ħʦߺ֮˵ͷԪ͵֪ħʦϣǰߣߣʱһߣͷذħʥѪ
Ŀħʵ͵׷ӣٴʥڵһħǷˣЩһûм̳ʸĹӵܣ׷׶ˡ
ǿҵΪ˵Ļᡣ
ʱв뿪
иǳǵĴڣܹնɱ֪ħʦߺĴڣܹնɱģ
£չôӳ飬úò߻
֪ħʦϣħʵʹħؽ˷ħ𶯡
ͬһʱ̣ʥЩͶصū˫ϥصͨħеһСˣ۵׶һ˿֮ɫ
򵥵ңʽ֮Щ˷׷׾ͻתԼļУ׷׶صͨѶַ
һ֮󣬴ش˾츮УںȲĴ˾Ԥһݸոļֱӽһڲˮ
ħ֪ħʦߺ䣿
ļٵģ
˭ҸЦ
޶żͬʱ鱨ڼܹ㳯ͻأֵ鱨ҲҵĿ
֪ħʦߺ䣿
⡭⡭ûй֪ħʦˣ
һľɫУڼܹ㳯ʹ˾Ԥ׷øֶָοʼ֤µʼĩ
ܿģǾյ˸ϸ鱨
֪ħʦϣͣħʵ͵ȵȣ׷֤ʵ¡
˲κεӣڵһʱ䣬ͽϱ˴ʥʼ¡ϯռ˾࣡
ûãǬڣʹ˴ʥʼ¡
˭ܸޣ֪ħʦߺ˭նɱģ
ںηʥ
Ϊʲôħ嶼֪ˣȴ˭Ķ֪


2164 ħʦż
֪ħʦߺļ̺ҶԸ֪ͨħʦߺļ䣬Щ
ÿһɲǣгǧҶԺЩȫ֪ħʦߺļ䡣
ϣЩ棬ųɾŶǷûһֵ
ȻҲȫûջ
֪ħʦߺĲΣӴħҪܶ࣬йħ񹬵һЩҶҲһ֡
Ҷ濴֪ħʦߺڳɳΪ֪ħʦ֮ǰľʱӵ𾪡
֪ħʦһǿȫʶ
Ҳʶһܹնɱһλ֪ħʦǶôˡ
ʮǰԪ֮һλ֪ħʦ䡣
ݣͺܾˡ
˵ģ֪ħʦǣġ֪
ÿд·ʱܹӦȼԽߣӦķΧԽ㣬Ԥ֪Խ塣
ܹħشʧܹôܹܴɡ
磬֮ǰﱸǧĶ·ƻʱħ֪ħʦԤ֪ǰ˲á
ܵľӣɵһħ岼õ壬˲أ룬һλ˵ôԪˡ
֮󣬴ܾͷ˸ħħսĳڶš
ӣٲʤ١
ģģСΧսʧħ֪ħʦӰӡ
Ҷһ亹ǣȻ֪ħʦߺħ̫ӽѪҪʱǾԤ⡣
Ժ󷽳
ֲħ̫ӴƴյʱԺ󷽵ķޱȣҶѰκֵĻᡣ
ù켤ŭ粴սҶ浽ڣ¶ҲϮĻᡣ
Ҳ֪ħʦߺԤЩ򵥣ϸһ㣬Ҷ봴սǳѡ
֪ħʦߺĻ棬Ҷǰ
ͻȻ䣬ҶĿһһǰʧĻ涸ر仺Щ棬ͷ·ӰһҶǰʼһһš
տʼĻ棬֪ħʦߺħ̨ϲʱ⾰
ħ̨Ҷ֪ģ֪ʥأ¥˵ýܹ׵ĸ
ݸʲͬطٶһɰٱǧ
ٴһת֪ħʦߺʱھ
׼ȷ˵֪ħʦߺħ̨ʱԪĿǲ򵽵Ρ
ʱȫԼ仭ʽֱ۵ĳҶǰ
һĻɲǣҶͷһ
ʱף֪ħʦߺļӡмֵĶˡ
Ϊ൱һλǿ߲طĵãޱȾ壬ֻ޷Դĵá
֮¼ϵĵãϸĵá
ԥģҶһһӰֱʱռ䡣
ҶҲ֪ЩĵãҪʱ䡣
̫ѵˣҶˣͲܷŹ
Ԫ鰢󽻴һҶԪȫԹߵ̬ĳ֪ħʦߺ龰У뵱ʱ֪ħʦһĲ

ѪҪǰ֪جĺѪħ̫ӴƣһιҩǷصģðβת

ոתħ̫Ӵƣٴʹһޱȵıʹ
⵹
̫Ӵ֪ħʦߺ꣬Ѫ֣֮ûʦͽݣȴʦͽ̫֮꣬ӴһǷǳ֪ħʦߺġ
֪ħʦߺ̫ӴƵĸҲǾľ
Ϊħ񹬵Ĺأ̫Ӵպǻô֪ħʦߺͻΪ֪ʦħ񹬲֪ħʦߺ̳йʦȫ֪ħʦߺƷס
ϰ֪ħʦǾ֪ħʦ
֪ħʦߺȴˡ
ţ۹ģ뱾̫̤ѪҪ֮󣬼Ȯз²ѪԵѺĵһ˲䣬ħ̫ӴƾҪΪ֪ħʦߺ걨Ѫޡ
ɳѰҶ䣬ֻҪҵ̫ӲϧһдۣҲҪΪѪޣ
ħ̫Ӵҧгݵħڽȴ󶼽εĿͶ˴˴εȖϡ
ȖɨһܱߣЦǰԵ̫ӵ£֪ħʦʹĲѣ޲ھΪ֪ħʦ˱Ѫޡ
ǣΪ֪ħʦ˱ѪޣҪƳǣҪܾġ
Ȗƻû˵꣬ħ̫Ӵƾŭ߳䣬Ⱥ鼤ߣ衭
ȖƵĿЦܵĿ⣬ħ̫ӴƵΪ֮һ
ħʿľģеģȫ¡
оģӦǸȻ֣޲ࢵо֮Ϊ֪ħʦ˱Ѫ޵İ
ĿħʿȴһľȻħ̫ӴƴЩʿ˫У˲Ǿ֡
ħ̫ӴҲħľӢתһȻ
֪ħʦߺ䣬ȥİħ徫ȫû֧ӵʿͶ־Ĵ
ǿйǣҲû⣬ǣսܹӳɾͲˡ
һаƣıʮܶпܡ
ħ̫ӴƣҲ֪ġ
£ǿͷʹΣĻ˻֣˾Ϊ֪ħʦ˱Ѫޡ
ȖͬʱĿзĹ⻪
һܹۣܿƷŭµ̫ӣһýȥȰɵ̫ӣ᲻̷ֵ
ȻһУҪʮ·оܹ֮һϴȥˡ
Ȗħ̫Ӵͽ˳Ϣոս˳ܣ֪ħʦߺͯӣλħ
̫ӵ£֪ħʦˣ̫ӵ£


2165 
õ֪ħʦߺżħ̫Ӵɨһۣסˡ
ż򣬾Ȼ֪ħʦߺڴǰµġ
ǰ֪ħʦߺԤףв֮С
ҽҽһ㡣
ħ֪ħʦǿǿ֪ħʦֻһŵĸӦ
ҲΪԭ֪ħʦߺڴ֮ʣߺ֪̳Ԥ
ݿһ򣬲ҽͯӡ
һаãСı漴ɡ
ɣڵһʱ佻ħ̫Ӵơ
żеݣһħ̫Ӵ˫Ŀʪ
Ҳɣ򲻿ɷ߶˱Ԯս򣬱ضܣӶ׶Ͼ̳дλĿܣ
żеĵڶȴħ̫ӴΪ֮һ
ɱ֮ˣΪ岻֮콾̫˼̫ӵµϷԣɡ
һΪ
һ޵ȴȴַ·ָ·һķԣħ̫ӴޱȵȻȻȴִżֲΡ
ЩԵָ㣬Ҫ֪ħʦߺ֮ǰ˵ħ̫Ӵħ̫Ӵƾ㿴ӣԲӣеִ
ǣ֪ħʦߺ䣬֪ħʦߺ껹Ϊħ̫ӶΧˣż壬̫Ӵƶԣֲһˡ
żݣԴ˿̵̫ӴƶԣѾǽɣһӣ
Уħ̫ӴƼǽ֪ħʦߺµżеݣһһֵĽЩֵ˼ɷ飬׽塣

ʱռڣҶԪ֪ħʦߺشĻУǻеһ˿һı仯ǣҶ
ÿһϸ΢ı仯ֳ˲һ塣
֪ħʦߺУ˵ҶУһƲʣһ⣬һľ壬Ѿȫһˡ
ۿ굽֪ħʦߺл棬֪ħʦߺһ۾ȫһ֮Ҷ鶸һһĨ򶸵ظͷ
£һҶ;뿪ʱռ䣬ѪϿա
һҶԸղѧ˵֪ħʦߺΪиģŽɢ
Ҷ潫Ԫеһеɲǣٴһ
˿̣ĻѾǻһ̬Ļ档
Уȫ̬Ļ棬ѭĳޱȵĹɺ͹켣תš
ͬһɲǣҶڵ鹬еĻ鹬ҲǶһȻȻҶ淢ֵؼĻޱȵĹɺ͹켣ʼת
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ涯˷Ļܵĳٻһ㣬һӿҶڡ
Уʱһι״Ļ壬ɿľۼɿҶڣҶĻ鹬УһöϢޱµĵ֡
ͬһɲǣҶڵԪ͵˫ۣһ֣һöӾʹ˷ɳͶҶԪڡ
ҶԪڶһ˿¶ȺȶȣҶԪԼ鹬еĻ鹬һĸо
֮ǰĻ鹬ҶԪԣǷ͵Ĺϵһס޷ı䡣
öֵۣ鹬ҶĹϵ˷˻˵ǷߵĹϵ
סԸı䣡
ֻҪҶ㹻ͿԪԻ鹬и죬̵ƣе󷨣Ҷ⡣
ǵ

ҶΪӽ۷ʽ̤벽ı־
ҲǸո̤벽
Ҷ鹬Ҫ벽ԲҪ߸鹬ȫ۵֣ȫɵܹ벽Բ
ȻҶ治ѡ
Ѿ֪ħʦߺＸԴһѧ˲֪ķţҶҪ벽Բѡ
ѵǣӰ벽ͻƵ
ҪӰ벽ͻƵҪҵһطţͿͻƵ
طƮ죬ʱ;ԣߣȻǵ鹬Ҳǵķš
ηɰ׵鹬Ǿʥıˮ鹬ȵȣֻҪһط򣬾ͿͻƵ
żЩ츳˵ߣΪʵ˫鹬鹬ͷǳˡ
Ϊ鹬ߣҪͻƵһ鹬ҪҵһطţͻƵ
һûﵽԶ޷ͻơ
еľˮͰˮͰģǸ壬̵Ǹ塣
ң鹬ͻƵѶȣɲǼ򵥵ǵɼαʮ
ҶҲûָ㣬ΪޣΪǿս֮ڵ鹬
鹬ûͻƵ֮ǰǿ纣һͻƵؿڣͻƵѶȣһߵİٱࡣ
ͬģֻҪͻƵҶսͬͨߵʮ
֮ǰطһĽϱ仯ǵһܹȵġ
Ҫ֮ǰҶҲǳͷʹ
ͻƵʱ䣬ʮƣҶͻƵʱ䣬ܾ͵ǧΪλˡ
ڣҶȴһҲżˡ
ֻҪΪﵽ벽ͻƵҶһҲġ
ҲһɲǣѪҶ۵֣ΪͻƵ벽ı˾Ļ
ش˧벽
˧䣡
˧䣡


2166 һֽ֮
˧䣡
˧䣡
˾ĻУͷӤ𺣣øո̤벽Ҷ棬ɵúɣ
۷벽һ
ʵͻƵؼż
ߴ˳ϵĽ۷ߣһ޷ż̤벽
ͻżʱ䣬гж̣еˣǧͻƣеˣҲʮ꣬еˣҲôһɲǵĶ
Ҷ֮ǰԤ⣬̤벽Ҫʮˮĥ򣬲ܿż
ң١
Ҷ鹬һ鹬̤벽֮ҶѾž鹬Ҫ۵Ԫ飬һҲҪһĹ
پǶʮˮĥ
û뵽Ҷȴ֪ħʦߺļӡУҵ˽ݾ
ȻҶʦ½ͻƵҲָ㡣
ǣָ㣬ֻԵġ
שһ㣬ΪϸƷǣ㲻þܹճש
һδε飬һδεʧԼľ󣬲ܹɹƳש顣
ʦ½ҶͻƵָ㷽˷ҪҶԼȥ
ָܶطɬ
Ҷͽʦ½޷ѶȻƾ˺ü
֪ħʦߺļӡе棬ʦ½һζһඥһҶ˲Ϣʦ½ָеɬ֮
һͨͨҶʱͿ֪ħʦߺطľϣǽѧϰһš
ֶεģǣҶطȴӵĿ١
ǼһĿǰõĻǼӷҶ֪ͨħʦߺĲ龰ʦָ֮ؽѧ˳˷ٶȻ졣
֪֮ħʦߺһҶʦǻ֪룿
һ㣬Ҷһնɱ֪ħʦߺջ
ңҪǣ̤벽̤żҶԣţ
Ϊʲô˵أ
Ϊ߶ԣż̤벽Ҳǵ;Ŀʼ
ӭǵģһˮĥĹ
һһĲطһһ
ʮ꣬꣬ǧ꣡
ʱڲطǰѾ÷ǳĶ̡
طʱ䣬Ϊλģ졣
ǣҶﲻһ
СԽ߲طֱɡ
ǰҶ޷Щط֮Сֻľϵط֮ģֻȫռϣ˵ǳ˷ѡ
ڣֻҪҲǽľˮסãطҶ涼Ծղ
ǣղ򣬲޷һתҶʵ
ġ
ɹطҪҶȥȥ⣬תԼ
ͺñǽһޱȷ⡣
ߣҪһݣοݣܵóһСʱ䣬ܳ׽⿪ѵ
Ҷ治һֻҪСӦطֱ֮ӽһĿĽϸ裬մ𰸣ͳͳҶǰ
ҶԼֻҪղ裬һһ⣬ǰϸʹһһӦͿԳ׽⡣
֮ĵʱ࣬ǧ򱶼ơ
Ҷ緢ɵԭ
ֻҪкʵĻᣬҶΪѰĻᣬȥͻƣȥ
ȻЩᣬҪҶԼȥȡȥᣡ
һѹͷȵĺ飬ԼҪ佾ŽͶС
СǴսһҳڵһߣΣ
ҶοģСֻС֪ħʦߺʱϾ̫С
ΨһҶԾǣСڵ컯ùˣ
СڳֹʥŮʱΪͲһ컯֮ǰԸ֪ħʦߺʱΪͻ֪ħʦߺĵѾùˡ
컯С֮ǰ˵ʤֶΡ
ֻԼӳͷ˿ϸôһƣͿ׵ͻƵ˵ĵ֮С
ȴǳʧˡ
ҶҲں
նɱ֪ħʦߺ꣬ջ޴ֵˣ
ңСΪѾǵˣֻۻڵط඼ɶûȫתԼ
ֻҪʱ䣬СܹȫӳڵʵǾǵǿСҲͷۡ
Сӽʱ䣬ʱռ򣬾̵ʱڣ׵ЩɶľϵطҶ潻
֪ˣ״ˣ
ҶһͶڡ
֮ǰС֪ħʦߺΪطͽؿռʱҶоĵؿռҪˡ
Ҷ뿴һ£ؿռ׽⿪ûС
ƿˣʲô
ͶڵɲǣҶʧȴǾϲ
ĵؿռڣûƿ
ǣڵؿռֻֽôһռˡ
һռҶڵʱ䣬Ϳƿ
СĿǰڵΪڵطһ¾ƿ
ȻⲢ˵Ҷʵ̫
ؿռݷƷ̫ߣôط֮Ч
Ȼһ۷ߵڵ˲Ϳƿ
۲䣬ҶѾ˼顣
·ĴʼɨսҶһתͽǰǸƷ鱦Ĺ˳
Ҷ֪⵽Ǻֺ鱦


2167 СèҪ
ռ鱦
ռƷ鱦
ҶԪ룬ӦŨĿռƣҶʹһ
ĺ鱦ռĺ鱦Ƿǳĺ
ҲʹŸ󣬼ֵ
ιҶѾֵϢӦ
һΪǿԸΪɱΪĿռƷ鱦
ʵ֪ħʦߺڿռطʱطϵ裬вģǸ»ɬʱطҲŶѡ
ͬʱ»ɬط֪ħʦߺڿռطϵҲ
ǣռƷռ鱦֪ħʦսͱ÷ǳֲ
ռطֻͨҪһʱطᱩǣø׽ͶԸ
֮ǰչֵֶУһ붼ռƷ鱦йϵ
õƷռ鱦˵Ҷնɱ֪ħʦһشջ
ǼʱգҶ泹Ʒռ鱦ôҶսʱֿɶ༸ֱ仯
Ҷ沢ͨռƷռ鱦ҶĶսֶΣҲӵĹغͲɲ⡣
ΨһǵģƷռֵ飬֪ħʦߺ֮ãѽĸ飬ĿҶնɱ֪ħʦߺꡣ
ҶҪƷռ鱦ҪѴ󹦷
վֻ飬ֻҪҶϻпһ졣
һҶԪƷռ֣ȽгļԪ֮ٳʱˮĥ
ҶԪɲǣ׹һͳĻХҶ
ȴǰŴ͡սСèҶߡ
ҶǣСèʱĿ⣬ȻĶеƷռ֣ʯĻĿУϣ֮ɫ
ҶСèͨʱСè˼
Ҫ
Ҷ˻еƷ鱦֣ܹʹ
ʹãҶĲ̫ܡ
ǵƷ鱦鱾Ѿǿ󣬾ҶԪΪֶΣҪҲҪѺܴʱ͹
ǻСèʮʮ๦һܹ
Сèȴ͵˶ĻͷʯĻĿͣ˸ţҶı

Ʒ鱦塣
Ʒռ鱦̺ĿռƣǺӵеһƿռ䷨֮
СèŸӦͬԴ۰Ͱ͵ܵҶǰ
Сè˵Ҷ滹ûע⣬һ˵Ҷһ۲죬ǡ
֣ʮа˾ţĳͷͨռͨĹͷƵġ
СèƷռ鱦ڵĿռƺͺģҶ漸ûʲôǣͽޱȡֵƷ鱦Ʒռ鱦Сè
СèǷһĻХһ죬ͽƷռ鱦ָȥ
˲Ϣ䣬֪ԼܵˣƷռ鱦ֵ飬İ
ȻûҶ濪ģǰУȴѾ˷֮⡣
ֻҪҶ濪ڣʱͻ᳼
ȻСèҪģ˿ٷѾˡ
Ʒռ鱦֣СèٴҶԼ˼
Ҫȥʱռ䣬Ա̵ʱڣƷռ鱦֣ʵ
һ㣬ҶԲᷴԣһСèƾʧ
ֵܣƷ鱦ǻèˣһԵľʥʥƺʥһ𾪡
ռƷ鱦˵ͨĵܶڵǿߣԴòһƷ鱦˵ǿռƷ鱦
Ҷȴָһ
ûڴ˵СèʵҶ
磬ҳԪʱͺСèһˣһô꣬ͺһ
ǵΪԽԽߣҲϣǵֵԽԽ٣
ҶĻþʥʥƺʥʱȻ
ֱ˿̣ǲףҶΪʲôô󷽡
ʲôѪצѪϹѪǡ
ԭԭ
ֵܣһ·ǰУʵҲΪԭ
ЩֵȻҶΪֵܣϣġ
ֵһ壬Ҷֵ֮һϵвͬ
չ֮Ĺϵֽһ㡣
ûãεսͳ˳
ȫߣ
ɻʽװƻʯǧƣⲿֲƻۼ۷ֳݡ
һݣԼռܲƻһɣսֵһݣҶͳ˧ģԼռܲƻɣǴܾӷսƷĹء
Ҷ˧ãҲá
ɣǰƷ׷ָи߼ٵģҪǾ˧ͳ죬Уξͳļ
ķռܲƻɣǷָսʿսƷ
ɴСЩţֻԵķַһС֣󲿶˽ٵĿڴ
Ҷȴ
ɲƻֵսʿ̫࣬Ҳˡ
ʣɣ˾ľʡ
֮ǰĵľʣеսӵĸͽȵȡ
ѷҪҶеСܶࡣ
Ҷ򱱺˾һǧˣȴߴˣˡ
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սսʮˣٵġ
ػһս١
ʥµˮ徫սֻ࣬ν˼С
ⳡսȴɹͳ˧еŭĿޱݵؾ
ޱݵؾսߴǧˣ⻹һǧԶʧȥս
ҶߣսֻǧˣڼߵиߴʮսԣѾһǳ˵սˡ
ҪǷӣҲ
Ҷ飬ЩȻ
ս񣬶ʮ򱱺˾Ѿ½½սһˣʮöɣֻжʮһˡ
ȴս֪ʣ¶٣
ңҶȡ˵ɱսҶߵģֲͬ
ʸĵ֧߰鱬ħʸĵһ֧ʸĵǧ֧
˺ļ긲£ҶŸɵʮо൱ÿʮ֧ʸܸɵһˡ
ɼۣ
ҶԣܹĲƻɵˣԼµǾֵ顣
⻹һҰս۵ģسǵģҶ洢ʸѾĵ˰ٷ֮ҡ
⻹ҶǰԤУͿĲñѲ˾ͷʯ索˺ʸԭ
Ҫǻ˧ļʸĳ̶ȣϼΣƲˡ
ҶʤѾʼرˡ
ڣҶҪǵģϱ⣡
ⳡսҶ涯˺֣ܶ¶˺ܶ಻ܱ¶羸ʥˮ񣬻ػţϱκϱһǳֵ⡣


2168 󶼶ԭ
ħս󶼶ԭһ˧ϣϵĲ鿴һ
Ƭ̺µĵһҹ£һε̤´
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صʼ¡ˣԭί飬Ȼ䵽ħս󶼶ͷϡ
ȻûʥּǶħս󶼶ԭѹҲǹġ
밡һҪԺ͵λڴħսսħ֪ˣħսȴ֪һֵ¡
ħսսµĴ󶼶ԣǲǺܷ̣
Ҫõ˵ӣԵܡ
սô飬֪ⲻʲô
ԣ˿̵ħս󶼶ԭǳż
Ǹ֪ħʦߺ꣬ħλЧ˳飬ӦÿԲԭһ䡣
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󶼶ԭüͷ֪ħʦʵãҲ൱ڵǿߣǼѲ֡
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ңѾѯʷΧЩնɱǿߵʮҹЭţһһȴţ
ԣ󶼶ԭ˵ͷţĲ·ΧһЩҲǿԵġ
סǱҪҵնɱ֪ħʦߺֻţȻϢ
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ڴܾӿ£Ӱļ̻洫һħӾĴʧء
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ҶһʤħսĴսӶԣش
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Ч͸ħնɱ˴ħսһսһ޴
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Ҷʵı˾ʵӣ֪ˡ
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նɱӵд֪ͨħʦߺˣ
ģÿһʵ۵ͨ
漰Ҷ汳ܻնɱǿߵĿֲʱĲ͸ˡ
նɱ֪ħʦߺ꣬ɲھܹġ
ǿҪĵڵĴͨߣп
Ҷ汳վźأ
ԸźôĻʵɻĿ⣬ڼܹ㳯̾һ䣬ҶСӻ£е
ҪȻⳡʤȻãԴ֮󣬿Ҳ˵ʥӵΡ
Ŀһתһɫ䵽˴˾Ԥϡ
㳯ţҶ˾ȻǷݽ򣬴˾ԤҲԲ١
ô꣬˾ԤȻ㳯˼±ʾࡣ
ӹ۵ʼ¡һۣմá
䣬Ҷ˲֮ᣬ仹һ£ʹҶ棬Գģ


2169 
սɨ֮Ҷı˾͵ѪӱӪѪӣѪ򾸺ʥɹ˿صˮ徫ħ̫ӴƾҪҪûıɲǰ
ңҶħ̫ӴƲ
Ҷÿһ󻼡
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ش˧Ѿųȥˣò˶ãͻнţҶǰһĹͷ֮ǰ
ܵĴʤָноᣬı㣬ñжȣսиӵİϧʿ
Ҷĸ͸ţЩУѾﵽ˶塣
ҶʱѾǷĵ𾴡
˧ĶҪأûУҶʵ
ش˧ѾΪһУȽס
Ҷͷ֮ţϢȥ
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һεսȫߵħ̫ӴƵ񣬿ȫʵʵ׼ս
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˺սҶɲȫϱҲϴ׳ȥ롣
һεսãҶԼĿ
ȣΪػܱ¶ԭȫħ̫Ӵ¾һս޷þ¾
Ҳ໯ɷɻҵħ徫񣬾޷ֻ׼ƹ
ΣܾɵҶնɱ֪ħʦߺ꣬ʲôľ
ǳ͢ķֻԪ˧ĺͣڽȻ˵ǻЩ
ԣҶʱϸϱһξͬʱٿһ漰Ͳٵľ»顣
ֻΪ˴һ˼
һεľֻɣɣҪóȥףʵ͹е
Ȼ˵ľһ˼
Ի÷ͣԻõѫλǾλǰǵȥŹá
ȻҲһ˵ǰȷһ֣ġ
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Ҫͳ˧ϰǹʽǲͬҶһڶ϶£ֻķݡ
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ҲҶеȨ̵ʱڽ̶ԼУñϹٲ˿ۡ
ϱҪһˡ
ʲôñʲôñҪһĽͣ
ҪȻֻǵϱƾջɣ˻ʵ۵ĲɣڵҶԣǽһ޴鷳
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ǳűͿԳͨ裬κһˮţˡ
Щ꣬ҶӵĻرУвڴ̽оؼӰ
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Ѫˮսֱ˶á
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Щں·׬ǮĹ壬ֵдˮ
ܱҲͺҶ򱱺˾Ϊʲôܹȫħ̫ӴƵİˡ
Ҷʱ¶ĵڶܣС컯
Ҷʼ¡̹УųֹӰʥŮʱСǡᣬֵһ컯
컯ҶʱԽɱ֮ܡ
նɱ֪ħʦߺ꣬ǽ컯
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Ҫǣʼ¡ɲɵӡ
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ħ̫ӴƵĴһսԱ٣ǻϸһһʵġ
Ҷֻһվᱻ
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Ȼ⽻УҶ潫Լ˵ޱȵĿ
֮˾ʮ꣬ѵ㣬װ㣬Эħսֵǧս֮ʣסѪҪµΣΪ½ҵ
˼ãų²ߣʵݳԴ֮Ϊ½ҵ
ҶϵеԭȻ۵ʽͨ˾Ԥڼܹ㳯ȥģ޴֪
ʼ¡ʲôҶ治֪
ڼܹ㳯ȴҶһţֻ߸֣ӣ飡

ûãҶյһתڼܹ㳯ӰӰУʼ¡һӰ
ӰУʼ¡ЦմãҶмӡ
֮ģ֪£֪ǧս֮սǧսȡ
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˴׹֮£޾Ͳ׷ˡǹ֮׹֮£ϲһ٣ٶ
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Ϊ˽˵УȫǽҲż־֮⡣
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ûãҶ͵õرʹ


2170 һ˵õȮ
۵̫ʥʼ¡ּ֮˾ӪѾڣ
оѹţʥּʹѹţ˿̿Ѿ
ÿˣϲüң⣬ѹֲסŨŨϲɫ
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һδּ֮ܳ͢˼죬ΪҶնɱ֪ħʦߺ꣬ǹʮͷʢ¡
ʮûеõʲôôü֮Уԣ뷷ּ⣬Ҳķǳ졣
ֵǧսۣҶһιѫÿһ棬ʿģս⣬ۣŷǳЧ
ԣһε뷷⣬ӿ죬Ӽӹ㣡
Ϊնɱħ֪ħʦķͣжۣûжۡ
Ҷ汨µľҶĴǰħ׼Ϊ֤ҲǷ͵ļ졣
νӹ㣬Ҫսг͢ķͣȫ̵ʱΪ֪ԱȫЧ
뷷ʹڵִϹŲ֮һڳɾСʹ̵ʱڣҶѪӪأ˷͡
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ңһεսǿʼ
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ʼ¡ʥּ˾湦ʹա
ǣʥּͿʼĵһ컹ûȥѲ˽顣
йħ̫ӴƴĽ飡


2171 ϴǧŵľܼƻ
ݣѲĴڣܹѲϴǧĿĶǰһʳָɵûŰÿһûס
ϴǧŵ飬ûУԽԽ
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Уϴǧ½ֱĿͶ˹ǽϵľ޷ͼͼģħսĸӡޱȡ

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ңħ̫ӴƵĴ󳷵ĹУǰӦķѲ߽Ӧдĳ򣬸ǰһʧϨʱͻʾ
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֮նɱ֪ħʦߺ֮ޣħ̫ӴƵݣ뿪ǿһӵ۵㡣
ǣ£ˡ
Ҷ濴ѲħʱӰΣȥڳˣʲôյйİϷ
£ֵҶͷˡ
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ȫʼҶȴǳҹδߡ
ʱ֣ħѾʮһڳˡ
룬Ѿǰȫˡ
ħҪٴεִѪҪ²Ҫʱ䡣
ǣҶͷۡ
˵ʵħ̫ӴʰҶͷʹǽʾ֭Ӧڵľ档
ڵľ£ħ̫ӴƾоʧսȾ½ĸټҶ֮ǰ磬ԿԴݵӦ
һǶ߷Ԯвħ̫Ӵơ
˵Ȼħ̫ӴƵĴҶѪҪ׵İˡ
ħ̫ӴƴˣѪҪͻ
ҶѪҪôĶħ֮֮
Ǿܣ
෴ģħܻĲӣľ̤ƽѪҪ
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֪ħʦϣħʵ˫֮£Ҷ桢Ҷı˾ѪҪĴ֪
һ˲䣬ħ̫ӴƵĳҶһһҹصսǰĸо
ȣѹ
Ҷ֪ҪЩʲô
ͬһʱ̣һغҶ˵ĳǬʼ


2172 ȥ֮
գϯռ˾飬Ҷնɱħ֪ħʦߺ꣬ħħ
ȣΪʮٴնɱħ֪ħʦͳ˧Ӧøɳʱ䡣
ΣҶնɱ֪ħʦܴɾģǰ߽ʿʿǣҶ治ұħ屨Ϯɱ䣬Ƕǰ߽ʿʿĴޱġ
һҶ⣬ԿӰ쵽ħսս´֡
ٴΣ˹֮Ҷ⹫ٻԹ;ģȹ
ߣҶˣնɱ֪ħʦתִ֪ħʦͷ飬ο飡
ĵ㣬жһĿꡣ
ϯռ˾࣬ʼ¡Ҷħսǧս̶ٻñħ񱨸Ϯɱˡ
һϣֹ̬ͬ⣬һĹԱҲ׷ױ̬顣
ǣȴ⵽˾馵ļԡ
Ҳܼ򵥣ħսǧս۸ոտʼɵҶĺ
ǵҶĺԱʿô룿
ǲŻӰġ
Ϊˣ馸ϯռ˾˿ˮ̡
ǣһԱ˶ڣǾҪǾ൵һĶֵء
˵һ仰ǾԱһپ䡣
ʼ¡ͬ⣬Ҳ޿κΡ
ֻܽ£вƵպĴ󳯻ٴν顣
ħս󶼶ոսӵħ̫Ӵƴ˵Ϣô󶼶ԭЩơ
ǰ˰ԮҶɹ¾֮նɱҶ档
û뵽ȳˡ
Ȼ֪ħ̫ӴƵĴ˹ĳˣк֣ޱȡ
󶼶ոյͣ󶼶ͺյĴ󳯻ϣħս󶼶ݣҶȥ鷢
͵̫࣬ȴ¶˵һ仰µĲı˵
󶼶ԭüͷһʲô
̫һ䣬˵Ҷպ󣬵Ϊ֮
֮𣿡
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ĿһƳͶ£Ųı˵أ֮Ǳǲ
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ԭҲĵȴš
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һ
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Ц䣬һ䵽˲ıµ
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󳯻ᵱգħս󶼶ԭ馣λһسı̬۸ⲵģûκס
°Ϊϯռ˾Ҳûκô
Ϊߵʼ¡ޱ½
ҶħսЧЭٽз⹫䡣
ⳡóڽ
ǣתʹůʼ¡ȴˤ˱ӣһ̫๬Ůҡ
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ڽڼܹ㳯ȴǵͷӦţ£ҲħսҪҶ
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ʼ¡һȳ⣬㳯Ц
㳯֪ܲʼ¡˼ֻǣЩЩ֪ȴ˵
ȥֽ˳޲𣿡
ʼ¡һ仰㳯ϲЦտæĵͷӦһ·Сܡ

ҶõγĽ֮һĬȻ
˵ʵҶ沢
ǣҶ滹뿪ħս
̫̫ˡ
ҶҪħսս˵ֹһսˣһ˵սţҶ泹׵չֽš
ˣҶֻܽܡ
ֻܼѪҪʾ֭취պ󽫸ıɴؼ硣
Ѱҹ˼Ĳһ£ֻٴӺˡ
ֵǣҶÿÿ˼£һĪѪУת֮ʱԡ
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еװʿʵˡ
ҶĿǰֵģҲֻˡ
Ǳǲ
ҶеĻٶЩһΣħܾͻɱ
Ŀǰֻһˡ
˧㽻µ飬ˣ˼䣬µţǰ


2173 ˾Ļر
˧˴γ۾һ˧ۣʮҽۣһټܣ鱬ħһǧܣѾȫϡţڷصĵһʱ䣬Ҷ˻㱨
ҶüͷȴһһջҲûУ
˧ҪرģѪ鵤쵤һŶûռ
ڵһʽУȴյһԽΪֱһСĵҩ
ֱСĵҩٿţͨСĵҩǧţΪĵҩţţ㱨
Ȼ⣬ҶҲֻܽܡ
ϾԿսѪ鵤ĵҩܹ򵽵ġ
һεľУҶĵһ鵤쵤
˭쵤Ƚ׾ҿԻһ̶ϵŻݡ
ϧǣûջ
һСĵҩ˶ҲʤޣҲܽʿʵһСء
ĵҩȫַѲʹãʵ
⣬Ǳߵϵһ£ͨ񾳺Сĵҩȫʿѭսߵȣͬ£ȣ޳ȣ򷢷š
ңЩΪҩĽʿһηȺսʱȫҪںߡ
սļͷ䣬Ƿǳĸӵ鷳ġ
µ󣬾ϰٸְרŴ£һý
飬Ӱ쵽ģԱҪء


ħ̫ӴƵĴȥѪҪؾ˼䱦ѵõᡣ
ҶԪ˧ҲʼһһѲӣʿ
һվȻѪҪ
ִѪҪ˧ĵһʱ䣬һʱҶ֣ޱȵİȥ
л˧ȫܹ֮λպ½ظһݵס
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ľλɲü̳Уʵһελϡ
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սϣħôɱģ
ɱˣҲܹȫõԼС
ڸƷѫλ;λǸ֮١
Ȼܷһо
Ȼֻоȴʵʵľλܵ۹ˣ
ʵһսϱֻҪ˧ͷħͷȫԵ÷
ֻܷһо㲻ֱ˧ɣҶ滺㡣
Ӷͨ죬˧ʲôЩ˭նɱģȫ£˭
˧Ϊնɱħ壬Ͷ˶٣˶ã֪̰ܲģ
ңΪҲȫǴ˧ģо֮λټһΪѾ֪ˡ˵
Ҷļ򣬡İɣоֻķ֮·Ŀʼ
״ΣУǼ°ôˣҶʵ
ش˧Ѿ״̬ٹ죬ԱͿɻָųϡңս±ѾϱϱѾɾս
⣬˧׮飬ѾȫңǱӦеľ飬Ҳ顣
͢ľλ뷷ҲѾ·ֻǵ⻨ʯʹûз˵
˵꣬óһöӳĴָ³֮Ҫת˧Ķ˵Ǵ˾˼
ӹӹָһƿָߵĶѾҶ۵ס
öڵѲѪ飬һٸڵѲѪ顣
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ЩѪ飬ҶµѲĿܹﵽʮˣѲҲӰˡ
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֮дջҶϱϸǰյ˴˾Ԥһš
˾ԣҪҪҶ氲һЩλӾʣҪﵽͷصĳ̶ȡ
˾ԤҪҶȻӣ˵˵֮ǰ飬ҶҲ¡
飬ڴܣϡ档
߹ٺ͹壬ΪԼ۰ССŪǰֶ̣Ρ
Ҷȷǣ˾Ԥ˵УһӦǴ˾Ԥá
һħͷԷȴ޷صĺ
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Щ£ҶȫףЩ˵ľ飬ʲôҪûǻ˾Ԥ֮ǰ顣
˾ԤҲǼ飬֮󣬻һݺǽҶ浱ǰȼü֮
ӱ飬ЭôˣҶٴʵ
ԣҡҡͷˣǱߣԱ˾ûмԱ룬ٸо;޷ӱԱ
ˣ
Ҷ涸طһߡ
Ŀǰ㣬Ҷһʱ뵽ģǴӱӱʿֻҪܹʹ÷Ҳܹسʱӳá
ʮسǣҶߵѹͻ
Ǵӱûоľ;Ǵ粽С
ͬ⣬ֱӾҶƻزˡ
뱤أҶʵ
Ҷ治뱤ãһ뱤ɫӵѿ


2174 
ħ֪ħʦϣħʶԼͣҶ֪ġ
Լնɱ֪ħʦߺ꣬ᵼʲôĺҶҲ
Ŀǰħ̫ӴƵĴѾˣǻʲôԭ򣬵Ҷ
ħıܿǰ
Ǹ˵ĻǾʽġ
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Ҷħ̫ӴƵİʵǴżֽҵġ
һħǰΪ֪ħʦߺ걨ʱҶ治ûĽҡ
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װеսҶ涼ڻﱸ
Ҫģʿ
еˣɸҲΪ֮
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ܶԿһϽܾҲǺϺܾɣ£ֵʼ¡ҶҲֲ˺á
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⼸죬Ѿ뱤δԪ˧ҶҪЭ˼ÿһΣ뱤ıȻܾ
ܾҲܼ򵥡ɺʹܾУûҪ뱤Э
ҶԪ˧֮ǰѾ뱤гˣҲˡ
Ѿԣܾĺֱ׳
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ȴҶ̵ġ
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ѪҪؾԪ˧ͷĿǰԣЮնɱ֪ħʦߺ֮Ǻܹõġ
һݣ뱤ͽҶӭڱӭҶģǶ뱤ĸ棬Ƕ뱤Ķӡ
Ҷ棬Ҳû˧ǰҵҪ̡
ĻشҲܸɴ࣬ҶԪ˧ʲô£ֱ˵Ҳ
ҶĿһתĵ棬þòԡ
ĿʹŵԪѹȻдγɱɷƵĵȻĿ⣬̶̼Ͷõ﷢ë
ô˵뱤ǧ˿ڵҲඣ
Ҷһڣʱ͸ޱ߿ɫЩʧ̬ʧһҲܣȥ롭
˵һ룬ͻȻʹͻȻ˹ĿޱȵķŭҸڣ⣬޶ڣҶԪ˧ҪȺɡ
޶ڣ
ҶЦĿٴο˵棬һΣ濴ҶĿ⿴Ȼֵ̿ĵͷҶĿӡ
״Ҷ̾һ룬һڣϱӦ֪˧һֱѲñ˧Ѳ񽫽ҳǾͲ˰ɣ
˵꣬Ҷٲ˵ר־ĺǰĲˮ·ôζһ
Ϣ֮εĿռ䲨ӹ˿֮󣬴󷽣һǳˬ
ҶԪ˧ûط۸ϷĶӣϷǶ
˵ҶԪ˧Ҷ뱤ԹҶԪ˧ҵǹƥǰҶ뱤ֶͲϷһŭնɱ
Ƕ뱤
ŭУڳƵĶ뱤Ӻߵһƿ棬Ҷ棬ͭӣĶҶ棬Уڸǲסɱ⡣
֮ǰ汻ҶĿ⾪ԭ򣬻ҶһϹħ񴫳еطѣеĶ֮˵
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Ҷ仰ȫƣһͲµҵģ
ȴҶģŭˣ͵սɱ޼ɵҶ棬浱Ϸ򲻸ң
֪ħʦϣħڣħֶڱɱ죬Ϸɱ㣬ħһƣҲǺ˻ɣ
žžĹ𣬡ȷʵ˻ɣ
ڵüʱҶٴ𣬡ǣնɱҶĳİգ
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һΣûϿڣֻǶĶҶ죬Żڡ
ϷҲ֪նɱ֪ħʦߺ꣬ҶԪ˧׳˶ΪԲ׼һ㣬Ϸûº֣ҪȻҶԪ˧Ѿһˣ
᲻ãϷҲҶԪ˧˼Ҷ棬͢Ԫ˧ѵزסѪҪˣЦ
Բԣ
Բԣ
ҶЦҡͷƽʱصסѪҪˣڣħ£صסѪҪˣɣ
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ҲϾǵֱ룬ֱ⡣
Ѿױ˧˴ǰĿ˰ɣҶ˵
Ҷ˵ֱӣܾҲʮֱӣȥЭ޿ܡϷҲҶԪ˧ס
ɣѪҪһɴ뱤Ƕ뱤ͺ뱤ͬе
ѪҪѾ򣬰ɣǶ뱤ٳеһ
ҪһͿԳˣ
򣬱˧Ҫ˧Ҫ࣡
޿ܣҶ͵Ե쳹


2175 ڶ׼ƻ
Ҫ
뱤ЦҶԪ˧ˣ޿ܣ
˵꣬Ͷ˲豭һǵˣҶԪ˧ɣڶ˲Ϳˡ
㵥˲ͿͣҶȴأԲڵģѹûһ˿һҪߵ˼
ŭ˵ʱҶ˹óóһƵ˵ǰ
Ǳ˧ѪҪƻļĿȿһ
Ϊ뱤ıǷǳ⿴ġ
ϾѪҪķƻǶ뱤ԣǺҪġ
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ΪֻǼĿԺܿ죬ҶļƻҲķǳ⡣
ҶļƻΰħűݡѪҪޱΪǵķϣħ޷֤󷽵뱤İȫ
ҷƻ漰˸ͻ״෽棬սϱû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼ뵽ˡ
˧ƻôҶʵ
͵ͷʢ֮ʿҶԪ˧ܹסħ̫ӴƵİʵϵģݷƻȻֻǼ԰棬ϷţǷǳ⣬
Լͣݼƻĺ⡣
˵ʵݼƻİ٣ǧսסѪҪס뱤ӵˡ
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˧ĿǰбӪʮ򣬻гʮȱڡ
˧Ϊ¶˧ϣ뱤ܹ˧ṩʮЭѪҪ
ܣ
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ҶĿⶨ˶˿ĲУ
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ңΪһԪ˧ԴܾɵоԱ
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æΪԼʱıȴĲ԰ޱߡ
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ǵԸЯֹɴ˽٣ôҶĳı˾ɣҲװ׵ΪûĵıʱҶĳִֻڶ׷ƻˣҶ˵
ǣⲻǾ˵ְ𣿡Щܽܡ
ûԣǻѪҪԱԼĴҲ
ǣµʿҲˣҲǵģ֮ʣǻµĶͷ­Ѫôȴ֧Ԯһ
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һΣҶ治ȵ˹Ϳͣȥ
״ȴǼˡ
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ľҶȴûκͣߵĸˡ
Ϸͬ⣡ϷͬЭ𣿡ۿҶҪڿȥæһڴӦ
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2176 ̫ӴƵı
ҶӶ뱤뿪ʱЦݣ̫ˡ
ڶ뱤ıȻںڵϹЦݣЦݣȴǲȻ
գҶ뱤鶨뱤ʮ򣬻ԴУڷʸҶṩ
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ӦģҶҲӦ˵
һأҶҪᶨִеһ׷ƻԲħͻѪҪߡ
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ҶӦĺˬ졣
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Ա⣬˳
˵ǵڶ׷ƻ治ҶŻߺͺ뱤λġ
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ڣ˽ʮҶ棬һζԴűǧսУֵġ

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2181 ţѵĿ־
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2182 ؿռ
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2183 ֮
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2184 
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Ȼһȱ磬Ȼˣ͵øλ̫ӵ£һݴˣ


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2189 Ѳ˾
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2195 
ϱһ֮ҶѪҪӭһĿˡ
ĿˣԲѪҪ˾ǰġ
࣬ʮˡ
ǣִʮˣͳͳǵ
УʮΪӵڵڵ߼ļ
ʮˣԵڶȨͨɴӣȨİߴȨͼųڰ˴ȨٲΪһˣһŻµ̫ࡣ
̫࿴ȥһҪģ˵ڶȨ֮ͨ⣬֮ʣ˶ǰߡ
̫࣬ȴʼ¡
һλƮݵߣһۿȥ˾ϸȴ·𲻴һ㡣
۾ԿȴӦ
Ҷʶ֮ˣ֪Ĵڡ
ͬʱҲǵ֮˼ɵĴڡ
һλѲ˾;
⣬ˣȴɫۣλǵλڴȨ֮µϡ
׼ԣλϣȫھ󷨷ĳϣ£Ҷϡ
˵ݣҶҲ
̫ϢҶЩ
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ҶڶȨͨɹϵͲãʱҲûжٷϻֵֻɽϽȥ
ΪʲôǵڶȨͨɴӣ׼Ҳһ¡
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ܿģҶһʿѲ壬콢ʮλ͵Ѫӷڡ
ҶԴִѪӺӴǸ΢еʱλüͷһ壬أҪǧ򱶣
ڶȨͨɿһû˵ֻɵȽȻٽֵ൱Сġ
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һ֣ҶʹžʥﳤȥֻһĵڶȨͨɣԣ


2196 ԭķ
Ҷ֪ڶȨͨԹ֮ǰ׼ĵʱ˵ͨɻзִģԴΪء
û뵽ոյִԱ֮Ҷ档
ֻǣڶȨͨȻλȨأԾȴһϲͨҶӲ˻ȥ
Ҷ͵ģģǸ͵̫ࡣ
˵ʵ㳯ûôͣҵӲڶȨ
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ڣѪӽ󷨣ֳһѹҶͷϵĵڶɽ
ңһɽȻ޴󣬵жԲ߿УΨҪʧ١
ڶɽͲһҶĲѡ
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Ѳ񽫵ı棬ħʶ̫׷յĴʮ죬£ִܹѪҪ
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仯ģȴǵµѪӽء
Ҷ治֪Щ﷢ʲôǵʱһϵļ˾Ԯ
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ʮУǵļݿݸ塢ǷɵĽƤһߣȴҶ𾪲ѡ
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λ̫ϳϵִѪҪ֮ûֱͣѪӽء
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Ҷı˾ȻҲħӲӲʿʵƫͣһ˾࣬ǾͿ֮֡
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ˣ߷ֱǷˡ
֮󣬴󶼶ԭ飬Ҳƽ߷лظ
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󶼶սʱ޷սģ¸ոյõһϢ¹ƣ߷б䣬Ϣйء˵
ʲôϢ
ڶȨͨɣѪҪŲٵеģв˵
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Ҷ治úõġõ˴ľԮǹ֮ɫ
˼ǣ
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϶ǵõ˵
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ͻȻ䣬ԭоһѪҪڣд·Ҫ㶯һпԶõѪҪڵıʣ


2197 
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ħʶ̫׷ձѪҪԵԤպ󣬾ͻᷢ
ʱѪҪڵ˧ڣڽĲúͲ䡣
Ȼ˵սƻ͸ӦԣʮǰѾȫá
ǣħʶ̫׷յıٽҶµѲ񽫣Ѳܼħʶ̫׷µıøӵ˽⣬һЩƻҲӦı仯

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˧ڵҶæħʶ̫׷µĴˣ
ش˧ǡѲԻشĺܼᶨ˧ѪҪ󷽰ǧ⣬һ֧Դ۲ӣʮңһ˧⣬ȫǽۡ
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ܵĲӣǿѶʶԷҶٴʵ
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ʮ۶͵ؽ٣Ϊ׵ڣһݸ꽫ͻȻ͵ɴ۾
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Ҫ֪ǻΪ󶼶ĵϵԻԼҲȫ䱸˽۶ѣ
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ѷֻһ󣬶Ķʮһۣȴȫ˧ۡ
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ǳʾԭݹ͵ݲ֮оɱͳ˧֧ӵ֣ʱɱڡ
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ԣ֣ʱʺϳִо񣬶㣬ʺ󷽣еȡ
֪ĸ֣˵򵥣ȴҪȴǼѡ
֣ʱҪ˲ϢͻԪ˧ӿŭˣǴ󶼶ԮһطӵСӹ٣Ȼ˶Դ˧
Ԫ˧սʱսʱ㻹ԭУ󶼶ΪأΪء༱
һ󶼶Ԫ˧ӿʱ侲
󶼶ԭ
֮ѪҪҶ棬յ֣ʱĻ㱨ļѶ
󶼶ҲʮԮɻԪ˧ӿͳ˧ǰ֧ԮҲ֣ʱʾǷУ
õϢҶɫЩŹ֡
ʲôʱ򣬴󶼶ԭȻĸҶԮ
ҶѾ˽⵽ϴħ̫Ӵƴ֮ʱս߷֮޷ԮΪ·ǰ죬ıþͱ󶼶ԭԾ壬ָɵ˸
ȵħ̫ӴƴϮԮѾ޾ɡ
ôɣûѹܡ
һξҶı˾
һΣҶһûԮû漱󶼶ȻԮ
⵱Ҫûţ


2198 춯
УһеĻ֮ڳɫļкͼбеȶڴгһ⣬ޱȡ
Ƕнɢɱ֮ȴȷĸҶ棬һ֧ӣǴܾзšееľ񲿶ӡ
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ֳħս󶼶Ϊֹնɱ֪ħʦʿҶ汻ħͼı壬ǰ֧ԮҶ÷С
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˧ĵشͿٶȾɥҾƴǣɴʤ
˵㰵Ըпһ£ڣ֪ʲôˡ
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ʧȥҶı˾ϵطеľ񣬵ӵҶı˾ĽҲȡʤ
˵ҶɹЦһ£˾ĵӣ̫
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üͷ˧˵Ҳɻ֮
ԣǴ󶼶жд̣ôܻԮǣԴ󶼶ԭݣһ֧Ԯ֧ԮܹͶзˮɣ
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Ҳܸ˧ȨǱ˾ķĿǰ£˭û취˧ָȨ
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ҶԪ˧ھǩظԷ㱾˧ɾж֮󣬻Ԫ˧ӿǳʽĵ˾
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ǷһݣȷȴֲһһȫӣҲط˵ܼбѹСֶΪ
ǴʵĿģǣǵĵϣܷɣҶһš
Ҷôһ˵ҶЩֶΣҲ͵˵ͷ
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֪ʵĿģѡ
˵Ҷ滹дͨ͡ɲǻܹ׷ġ
ˣҶдš
ȻϣҶȻмֶΡ
ҶʩչֶΣҶѪҪھͷһ¡
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˧죬Զ뱤ͺ뱤״Ѿ˼ʮδã˧ʾ£ţ˵
Ҷ濴üͷԽԽ
Ҷֽݸ㣬㿴ʵô
Ҳһƣ˧ľٶʵǹ죬ǵҪʲôأ
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뱤ͺ뱤ȻܼԸַʽӴҶͳ顣
еѲԶҶ涼ĹЩӴԻر
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Ҷһ˲ϢһԺըһ춯Ŀģȫһˡ


2199 
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Ȼ˵ڻδ֪ѪӽأʱڣѪҪڣΨһͬѰ¼ֻѪӽڷֵˡ
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ҶԪ˧ұðΣǰħ棬û뵽ħһûмţȴʮҶԪ˧֮£ҶԪ˧ûһĽͣҽʹȫ뿪
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ҶбһۿڳѷʷңǺ㻹ʲôʵģ
УЭҪߣǾ;ߣ
Ŀǰߵű뿪ޱݱ󣬷ֱĵ̣ļߣ˧һݣ
Ҷ˵Ƶ壬ȴ־Ȼޱȡ
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Ҳǽ۷ǿߣȴҶ仰롣
ţȻвʣҲֻȥǺ⵱еΣҶĻɲڸǿЦ
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֣Ҳ̫ˣǻڤ粻飬ɱ䣬ҶҲʲô¡
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һΣʵʵĿͶսħİҶҪúоԲߡ

ѪӽصѪɫĻǰѾʮ첻߲ݵĵڶȨͨɣߡڰ˴Ȩİͼųٲλ󷨵ĳϣʱȫΧ̫ϳΧһء
̫ϳ̫ϳϣû֮һ
ǰڶȨͨǰλ󷨵ĳϣȫϵĵӡ
ʱѾϵָ£ط߲ݵĲ鿰ǰʮˣʱ鿰ϣڵϵĽ
⼸Ĳ鿰ðΣ̫ϳϲŻڣϷûϳʲô󷨣Ҳûҳ󷨵
һԵڶȨͨΪ׵ˣͷʱһ
̫ϳ϶ûϳ󷨵ãܣϳǰ󷨵õĿԣ΢΢
ľ֮ʱ̫ϳڽٴλڣڼ䣬պϸϸ繵ֵƣһ־ԶĲɣ
ϷȻûƶϳ󷨾ãá
ԣȨͨɡİͼųٲλ̫࣬ͷͬʱһɡ
飬ûκͷ
ܹһͷԴܹܺ˿һҳ
̫ԡ
һޱȵָ̫ϳԵһϸڣŷǳԵħֶΣǳܹϡԣضħá
ô󷨵ֶΣŶ컯಼ֶΣǵʩչ
ԣϷԶ϶ôʦУһ컯ħࡣ
ĿǰֵѪɫĻֻ󷨹ؼڵһ֣ȫĿǰãٻƵĽڵĸ˸
ģ󷨵ޱѪУ˱Ű֮⣬̲һĨĹħ岼ô󷨣Ϊ˻𣬻Ϊ˸
һڶȨɫؾ䣬
븴ʲô


2200 ȷ
ʲôϷ޷Ʋ⣡̫ϳдĪĵǡ
ȷǣ󷨣õļ磬ӦҴܵħս߲֮ǰѾˡ̫ϳ˵
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ڶȨͨʱ;ˣⲻܣ
ħսߣǵشƣħǰã
̫ϳɨһ۵ڶȨͨɣһ㣬Ϸħսħٶħ룬Ҳ֪ħս·󷨡
ңΪʲôӦЩȨߣȥ̽ҵ⣬Ϸ򡣡
һȨʹĬȻ⣬ǳĸӡ
ȷʵ̫ϳԣѪɫĻ󷨣ħս߲ǰɵġ
ص׵ѪɫĻ󷨵ʱ䣬Ӧھǰ
һħǰͲµ󷨣ҪʲôĴڣ
飬һ룬ͷǳĿֲˡ
ħսħ컯ˣ
Ҫ϶Ҳǵʱħ
Ǹʱħ񣬿ֲޱȵĴڡ
ҪأΧΣȨİæʵ
ǻϷӦּ䣬ħս߾Ϳɻǧ˲Ϣ˵ħսڵɽպ͵Ҳһ˲ϢΪУ̫ϳ˵
ȨİɫһףԺħǿԳֱ룿
ֹǳֱ룡
ڰ˴ȨٲһأħսҴľɣһɴҴܱضԪˡ
ܳһʱڣ¶޷赲ħ棡ʱ򡭡
ȨİƺѾԤǿֲĺæڵ̫ϣ֮
ڴĿУ̫ϳҡҡͷҪ󣬾ͱҪҳе󷨽ڵ㣬Ϸܳ
ңܹ̺ƿֲѪɫҲһᡣ
һ̺Ѫɫضʱ췭ظħս߱ضᱻ٣
ҲܣҲУǵҪδ󷨣Ȩİǽǣ
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ǰѪӽ󷨵ĸ̻ĺѪɫֻҪйȥ߻ȥƿֲѪɫ£Ҳӳκô˵
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κϿڣûһϵġȨİŵ
͢ߵҪʲôֱֻ˵ǱߣضӦʵġһֱĬ̫໺ڡ
ˣϷͷʩΪˡ̫ϳ˵ͷ

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ĵһ߾սӪħūӪ䣬ȴ˧
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ҶѪҪűݣѪҪޱΪߡ
ǲֱΧűݺͿޱݣֻΧѪҪôݵĴʱԼлĴ
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һΣΪԶõıȽϳԭħʶ̫׷գǱȽϽġ
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ħʶ̫ӴƾӪ˧ڣڽսǰһξ飬ڽһΣ֮ǰľԣȴҪȡʧܵĽѵһһʳѪҪգնɱҶ棬õյʤ
ԣħʶ̫׷µڽӦŵ죬˶ףħʶ̫׷νʤָʲô
̫׷νʤɲնɱҶ棡
ħʴλʤ
ֻҪնɱҶ棬ħ֪ħʦϣ֧֣дԼ̫ӴƵ֧֡
ӶħʴλĻ
ǲǴеĿġ
ͬһʱ̣ħǰڣħ̫Ӵƣ֪ħʦߺʦġ
һ£֪ħʦ򿪿ڣ£鱨̫ӵƺ⵽ش
ȷʵˣֻһֱڷϢʱ֪Ǵʧô
Ұ̽˵ǸҶ棬Ǻ޵ҧгݵģ£ʮа˾ŹҶйء
һ£ֵ̫Ѿ̫Ѿˡ
˵ǱߣûгɹĿܣ̫Ӵʵ
֪ħʦüͷһ㲻ʦ֣
ң̫Ӵæɫ
Ǿȷ䣡
žһǺ㣬ĩ


2201 ˵ĺ
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սһǴڣǴ鱨
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ۿſҪϳǽˣ۵ʸĺ𣬽һһŵħȻĺըƬ
ɢž˵ĻϢ鱬ħĸʱ˷Բǧ֮ڵħ
һħձգʱһħ
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ŭ߳Уһ֧ɵĽ죬ʸļ϶űݡ
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ҲڵһħǿűݳͷսʿչҵĳͷѪ֮ʱͷϵͻȻһ䣬ġءִ죬ʼӭƮ
ͬʱħļ𣬡Ҿʮ⣬ִܾӣĿʮҡ
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սʱͻȻһһ֧ҵħӸֱ˺ڴĺ󷽣űݵħԺڲγ˷Χ
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ҶԪ˧Ϣ˵л֮ʧܣҾħķٸħԮлΣˣ
ܿģھյҶľظظȴúɫһ䣬ǣħӣԮ
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Ϣ֮󣬴ٴδһݾҶԪ˧ǰĴԮ
ĴԮ
⼸֣úڵһ³ͻȻ䣬һֱҶĸо
ģҶǲľӵħˣ
µʿÿһɶǸֵһ޷⣬ǡ
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еħ˿½һ㿪ʼ׹䡣
ԭսǿ򣬲ⲻǮ𡭡ڿһĻ


2202 һս
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ѪҪߵıֻʮűݣôܳʮ
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Դӽǧȴû뵽ǱҶˡ
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ǰ֪ıͳʮ
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ⲻħս󶼶ԭµľôҲˣħʶ̫׷һ𾪣
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ħţ˵ٶĻűݣȥȡ
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ѣħʶ̫ӾԸı˶ѪҪĹƣԴʮ񣬸ԮűݵĴħš
ͬʱɳһ֧˵Ĵǰ֧ԮޱݣѪӱߣڳ˶ʮ֮󣬻ʮԱֹơ
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2203 Сè

޽Ҫս£ʱռǱ޵Ҷ棬ͻȻ䱻һޱȡֱʯĻХˡ
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ֻҪΪﵽ벽ͻƵСèԣֻˮĥ
˵ʵ֮ϲҶ澪ϲޱȡ
Ҷ֮ǰһֱ룬Сè۵֣ͻƵ
ڵ֮ǰΪٶȣҪĿߣǵִ츳ƾͻῪʼӣ壬ڰ벽ؿڡ
û뵽һƷ鱦ıԴȻСһһ޴Ĺؿڡ
ʮĹֵ
ңС۵ĵ֣ȻǸΪĿռ֡
СèХҶЦ֪Ǳˣһʹȥ硣
ˣѾ۳˳Σһ뿪ռ䣬ǲǾͻᵱܻ׽ٶأҶСèʵ
һСèҡҡͷҶЩ⣬ô벽˻ܻΣ
СèҶ洫괫ȴҶЦ
СèȻ˵Ҫ̳еڻѪǵΪףеԳֹİ׻޵ѪڼӵѪʮ֡
ֲӵѪСèĻνǣΡ
СèҪΣҪᴿѪ߾Ѫ
ԶʱڣСè޷εġ
û££۲ΪȥˣԺʲô¶ð졣СèԴȻҶЦߣһƷ鱦ıԴ벽ˣҿһʲôı¡
һɲǣҶһʹСèƾʧ
ֻһ˲ͳڸ߿֮ϣҶѾСèϡ
𣡡
Ҷ潾ĵͺһСèһζػһƬӰΣСèٷʱܱߵĿռƺ𶯡
ģҶһ
СèķʱõѲǷǷͿռϡ
֮£СèٶͻԵı仯
ʱ֮󣬵õݵҶһ£СèٶȣѾ֮ǰһ࣬ʱһʱﵽʮٶȣСèԶķȥ
ǽٶʮСèԳаңǽٶʮСèԳ졣
µģСèļ޷ٶȣԴﵽʮÿʱٶȣԳһ졣
֮СèҶһ֮ڣͿԸ·ǧ
ң⻹Сèķٶȡ
СèٴηһͺһСèʹҶƾʧ
һմ󣬶˲ϢɵģĿռ䲨ҲǼС
ÿһεմ룬ߴ֮ǰ屶ࡣ
֮ڵСèһ䣬ͿԴҶʮ֮⡣
ңСèһľ屶ʩչʱģˡ
СèʩչϰٴΣõԪݽߡ
Ҷϲ֡
˵СèһεսԵġ
ǰһԶݰǧѹ޷˦¶ֶԶڵеĴͨߣǧ˲Ϣ
룬ǿʩչЧȫһˡ
ң⻹Сè˵ֵĳζѣֻǼƷռ鱦ıԴѡ
ʩչʹһʱ䣬СèƷռ鱦ıԴΪԼ۳ĵ֣ǵʱСèٶȣľ룬ٴδȵ
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СèʱȴٴγХһ͵˳צһӣľһǰĿռ䣬ѿһ׳ѷ졣
Ҷͫ׶һն
СèʩչնѲʩչնҪǿ
ڵõҶı֮Сèеĸӻˡ
ֱӴҶĿ˳ȥǻצ裬ľ޴Уÿһǣһǿն
ÿһǣܹ׵ĽĴ½˺
Ҫ֪Ĵ½ձݿǺޱȣһĵǿߣҪ˺Ĵ½գҲޱȵĳ
նǿ󣬿ֱвǿߡ
Ϊն˱֮⣬˺ѷ죬ҲԵɾ޴˺дĻյ֮
ֵ
Ҷ˿̣ͷֻһֵ֣
һƷռ鱦Сèô˵Сè˵֣̤˰벽˵ָСèһǿ츳ͨ
ֵ̫ˣ
ŻչʾԼСèҶͷͻһСèѲͻˣÿУǲǿȥǼˣ


2204 
Ҷͷ̫УϵʱˣȴǳҪ顣
һֱΪս½Ҷ޷Ҳû
ħʶ̫׷մ˽֣Ҷʱ䣬ȴ޷Ρ
ԭҲܼ򵥣ΪСè֮ǰһֱڳ˯ҶԼȻҶķٶѾһĵǿߣһб䣬п£һֱûгΡ
֮ǰСèڣҶһֱûôע⣬Сè˯֮ҶеķСèҪԡ
˵ģ˵һ㣬ҶȥޱݣСèûг˯֮ǰ£ʩչʩչͨʮΣҲ͵ˡ
ҶԸҲʱϡ
ڣһ֮ڣСèͿԴҶΣӶִ￪ޱݡ
Ҷ½õƷ鱦ʮԪ챦飬ʩչŲƣҶĿǰΪ߶̫
Ҵ߶һΣֱܹҶɣѹʺֶ̾ڵƵƶ
ҪǣûпռӡʮԪ챦飬ҲûʩչŲơ
ԭҶڼ£һֱ޷С
СèȴԳˡ
£һ¾Ҷڵħū
Ҷӽʮħūǰǰ⼸սҶ治ϵĴƳħū䵽˾ħսūС
½½ģÿһδսҶ涼ƳһħսūȥʱգħսūĿѾߴˡ
ң֧ħսūУͷĽǽħ壬ʣȫͨ񾳵ħ塣
۾ʿĸΪѾˡ
ҶǰǰҲʮħūУƳȥһ˶ѡ
ʣµʮħūȫڡ
ô²޶ŪĳѬ첻˵ÿʳ﹩Ҳһ޴ĸ
ӽʮħΪΪԭ򣬿ټ룬ջҲǳľˡ
⼸³дӽĴʳҶѾŲסˡ
ǰսΪѡ
ԣҶ뾡ĽЩħū֡
ҪȻʮħūܽҶƲ
ȥҶ湩ӦʳֻܽЩħūնɱͷˡ
Щħūüݡ
ҪЩħū˴ħūȥС
Ҷɽ䭰æҲýЩħū͹ȥܽס
ڶ£Ƿˡ
ҶΪնɱ֪ħʦߺԭ򣬱ȱʵһеȿ
еȿȴֱҶȥ˾ڸѡأӡշء
ԭҲǲġ
ҶҲ˾ʱġ
ҶЭǡǧսۣսƵңټҶϧйʽĴ򷨣ļ
һ֮أ·ӦҲԵüΪԽ
ҶоͷеͳŲסˡ
һδܣأأصԴʱܹ䵽ҶµĲ뵱С
һеȿҲ̫ݻǾе⡣
еȿأҶ汾ȥء
ҪǰҶԸٶȣħսǰأ˵Ҳһʱ䡣
СèͲһˣ֮ڣҶִܹأЩ
ȻΪѪҪԪ˧սʱ޾ǲѪҪġ
Ǿ
һˣҶƾҪù
һͨطΪ
۷ͶӰǱޣȴԴһЩ¡
ܹӵзȻ࣬Ҳ̫ϡ
ԣҶԱ˾Ԫ˧壬սħս󶼶һģԼ١
ѪҪȴԼȱӡţǰ۶غͱһЩ
󣬼Ϊħս󶼶ǾûκηɣϾѪҪ
ģҶܿͻ˾ʹ󶼶Ĺġ
ȻҶƱҪѪҪҶȴѪҪ
ԭҲܼ򵥣û취ȥȻҲ޷ˡ
ѪҪߣҶȫȨ졢ţ֣ʱͷȾˡ
Ҷģʵ˦ƹҶɲԺһս£ͱ٣׹ܡ
Ҷ뽫µ⼸Ÿÿ˶жһ
ڣս²̫ңڽڣ±ʮֳ㣬ǵʱ
Ȼʲôߴ·֮ڣҶͿƾƷ鱦ʮԪ챦ʩչŲƸϻ
Ҷ汾뿪ѪҪ
۷ʲô£֮ڣҶ涼ܹѪҪ
뿪֮ǰҶ滹Ҫ
ϾǱ뿪Щ飬ҪһЩá
Ŀǰ½ֿħսūļͷȾҶͱҪټٴνһ¡
Ⱦ˾ΪƧЦô򽻵Ҫһս£ú㡣
ָӳɱСӵţָսӪͱ˾֣ʱ͹죬Ҷ浹ôġ
һһ꣬Լ˸ֽ緽ʽҶ׼뿪
û뿪ǰر˧иͷڳ⣬ҪԪ˧
ͷҶһĲ졣
ǵģǸͷԺſգڳҪԪ˧
Ļأһͷ·ǹһӳֱͶ䵽ѪҪ˧֮ڣʦգҶԪ˧һ


2205 
֪մʦǰкδͽ̣
ѪҪĻڣҶմʦֱ˫ϣһֵЦ⡣
մʦҶ֮ǰûмڵڶ뱤ʱȴ˽¼
մʦһֱڶ뱤ͽȴļΪ
Ҷ棬Ҷȴܲ
ǻ½ʱʾʦ½䣬֮ǰһϵ¼żӵĵжԹϵ
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ĿǰԣҶ滹Ŀŵԣӡ
ϾĿǰһ侪ʼ¡òּɵȻ
ǰһܹնɱħ֪ħʦĺܡ
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ҶԪ˧Ȼкܣմʦ֡
ֿ׻ҶҲӦˣǺǼ֣Ӧˡ
һ£մʦٴοڣһͷҶԪ˧
ͷ
ҶĿ΢΢һҶĳְַսʱ᲻⡮ͷְ
Ҷ⻰ѾԼ²⵽˿մʦ⣬תԼھܾˡ
һĺƤմʦϣҲ⡣
ҶԪ˧ȱžܾ˵ꡣ
һҶԪ˧ϿͽԾնɱ࣬ǰҶԪ˧Ժ˿ͽӣһ·
һҶɫһסϲմʦȻΪ¶
ĿŵǵͽӣҲǼˡ
մʦԹˣҶĳеǾȫµľ
ȫ֮УֻҪؾû¡˭Υͣն⣡
˵꣬Ҷֲһ䣬УմʦˣҴɣӺͱ߹أǲ̳ͽģ
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ޣˣеЩͽǰĵӣиڱ߹ر࣬ղ
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ǿǵĳ飬Ҷֲˬ˵ǲͽ˧ܣ˧ͳ˧еǾײϣֻϾ
˵꣬Ҷ˲ͿͣȴմʦȣҶԪ˧󿪷֮ţͽ֮以߶ҲҶԪ˧и㣬Σ
ҶԪ˧Ͽ֮ⷽţպк񱨡ңҶԪ˧оɱͽˣͲմ𣿡
񱨣մҶЦ
ֱ˿̣Ҷǳմʦʱ⡣
ǽҶһֻ۱һֻۣɿƣܹѪҪڴ̽Ϣ쳣״̬
ΪΪֹ˵һȨͨɣڶ̫ϳ֮⣬ѾѪҪ岦ˡ
ħ޷֪ڴڲȴע⡣
ħս󶼶ֻж
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ɱоͽմȻ֮˵ҶҪȥҪΪЩɱͽͷˡ
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ҪǣҶڴǴϵϣһǳ
ܽеѪӽһ£¹ع¹ħսľƣҼȻʼ¡Ҷ;Բƻ
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ǴǴǡ
ԣҶԲЭ
֮ԩ꣡У죡
˵꣬Ҷſմʦ˲룬Ƕ˲Ϳ͵˼
׵Ĺʱſմʦ˵롣
ҪͿˡ
Ϳ͵Ŀմʦ֣ҶԪ˧һһҪնɱͽඣ
еǾ
ҲҶԪ˧ƶģնɱٶͽҶԪ˧͵õ
ҶԪ˧˼ɲõմʦУѾв֮⡣
Ҫʲôһ絣֮
Ҷŭ֣մʦôĵӣȻĿŵв
Ҫ֪Ҷݿɲһ㣬ȱ˾Ԫ˧һݣһʦܹвġ
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룡
Ϣ£մʦЦŷһ絣֮ҶԪ˧ʱɱڣ


2206 㵹ù
ȥţǿ䱸ͿƣԼκߣΥߣն⣡
ѲԼǿѲȣκǱߣѶ֮ħ巢Ϊսū෢䵽Ӫ
մʦߺҶֲ
һݵҶ·ûͨǿ϶취ҶֻܾܵķδȻ
Ҷţ
ѪǱߵĲӽ𣬸͡ǵʲôҪǱʣĲÿһͣҪϡ
ңÿһͣҪĲҪע⣬עαװ͸ıϢ
Ҷ潻ĺϸĿմʦȻ˲ҪԣҪ飬п
ס
ʵѪӵص׵Ѫӽһ£ҶҲܺ档
֪˴̫ϲ룬µ׵ʲô̶ˡ
󷨵ãʲô
û֮
Щ˺棬ҪǣǸ󷨣¹ر˾ʮɵ¹عҶ֪
ǣеڶȨͨҶ治ԸļһڣҶҪȥɲףֻܸż
͹ÿζͬϿҶϿжϳӦûڳ׶ΣӦûûнʵԵ׶Ρ
һϸһҶһӰȶģȴϢĴӵص׶ݳ뿪ѪҪ
Ҷǰһ£Ϊȶģûй
ֻ޾޵ĸ߼֪ңЩ߼Ҳֻ֪ҶǷǰȥ£ѪҪ
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Ҫд£ǻڵһʱ֪ͨҶ棬ҶҲ̵ʱͨʮԪ챦ת
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̶̼죬СèΪȹ̣СèٶȣԭĻһҡ
ҶСèʮÿʱٶȸٷУٶȣСèԳңܱ
мСèͣʩչͨÿ˲Ϣ
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ʮһʱСèʹҶ˾Űٶ·ִϹŲҫǡ
Сèıºͱ
ǻҶԸ߲ݵҹ·Űٶ·ҲʮңнҪʮ졣
ңûκġ
֮ǰ͢ǰ͵ʹϹ˵ôŲǹĵʯֵ͸ʮ顣
ҫǵʹͲǿԭˣҶҲûʲôȤͣ
û˸ģһöеȨĲѲԵƣֱͨС
ССȨһ·Ų裬֮Ҷ͵ִ˾Υء
ڽ֮ǰҶࡣ
سſԾţȲ˵Ԫ鰢̫ܻܲȥ
ܻȥҶҲܻȥ
Ҫǽʼ¡֪Ҷö֮Ļأʼ¡Ժ˯Ⱦ
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Ҷ˿߿ţҵǰս͸ƽĺ֮ľ޴󷴲Ҷ˲ͱ÷ǳ⡣
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ֻ㵹ù
һԭ·ߵҶ棬˲ؾ·м䡣
ڼݳ߿м䱾Ѿûˣ˿ͻȻðһ˵ɵòȻŭ
ңңģеĳһݵһҶ浱ͷ¡
Ϲ⣬Ҫˣ
Ҷûж޵ͷԸ
޳鵽ҶͷߵɲǣĪ޻Է٣˲Ϣɻҡ
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ǣȴҪײҶˣܵһգһͣ
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λ幫ӸԸԴҵĳʹ˵һԴֱӽ˶ıǸҶϣҵѪ磬ҵ˶һɱһĲҽС
˶ɱһĹֱֽӽ幫ӸŵĴһ¡

ٿ˶Ѫ棬֡
˲Ϣ䣬еĺ鶼ʧˣʲôѰֵ˼һɲʧĸɸɾ
˿ֻ̣ʣһŭ
̧ͷһͿ˵סܵҶ棬ָҶһ
ݺݵᣬҵģ
ʱһƻĳҶ档


2207 ùĿʼ
һƻȥȪʱͦһڴ
ƺֻпײԼܵļһﱻĲҽԻͷơ
ǣһʱ䣬ȪʱͦͱˣǱ˾ȣ𾪣󣬱˾㤡
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Щսˡʵǿ־ֵǣҶĲӰһΣһޱȹĽǶȺޱʹྪֵı飬ӵһߣȻ󳹵
ʮһͷ죬֪Ϊ˷Կ
һڹӸȺŹӵУЩޱȡ
˿̣һĹ򣬾ȫŵˡ
Σ˳ľɱһ㡣
ʵҶ濴ԸЩһɱ򵥶ˡ
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ҪǣǸ۵ļһ˿ĿⶢóȪʱͦһַĸо
ײСͣǸŹ򱾺ᣬҲһ߻ģȪʱͦΣʱ̣侲ġ
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һȪʱͦͼˣңǡ
Ȫʱͦͱ˲ҽС
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һŵĺүƽʱʱιУҲǵ㵽ֹȭȭ⡣
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ˣҶȴûйˬ
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ոתҶ滹˵ĳȪ֮࣬ͷŭŹ򱾺찡
һ֣һѶͳը
⾯ѶǹȨֻҪ־Ѷ̲Ѳ˾ͻڵһʱϹ
Ҫ㹻ãеѲ˾
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ڲס֣ڵ۶ŹˣˣѲԵĶӳһ
ǣˣ·ûĺȳһӳӳһһĲҽС
ѲԵĶӳɫһЩѲԣɲЩȫϹսҲ
һƴʮѲԣȫصĶ˳˷ɱ
ɱڵɱǧ׾ڣҲֻɶѣѲǶԸֵ
ΣȪʱͦʱ˷ܵĲԼؽֵŹ壬ҷѲ˾ִУɣԵնɱ
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ңõģ
һתҶͳһѲơ
һѲȻɱʱ򣬾ΪȪĬһȻǵһˣ˥أ
һĻһԵĳȪʱͦȴǼˣһҷͿɡ
Ȫʱͦ±ߵĻû˵꣬ͱҶһӸȥֱӺû
ɣ
ͷ
ǰԡѪսڽͷŮ˲˵ɱӣӽ̹ܽܽ㣬֪
ҶҲãȻˡ
Ӻȥ֪ʲôأ
ʵҶԸҲ֪Ҫ֪ʲô
Сӡ
ոѹĳȪʱͦٴαҶĲҽ졣
ҽŽţѲ˾͸Ϲˡ
Ѳ˾λȪˣһһλү˵ֱ࣬ͼˡ
󵨿ͽס֡
û˵꣬Ҷͻһöӡ
ͷѲ˾ϸöӡ˼ۣȻ䣬һĵǣͳҶ浱¡
Сǰݼײ˹үݣ빫ү֣
֮ǰҶģֻѲ˾ѲڶѲʹƣûƣʱҶƣһѲҲ׷׹ȥ
⼸֣Ȫʱֻͦ𾪣ֻԸ̫ùˡ
ȻˣҪᡣ
ⱱǺηʥʱ򣬳һ亹ͬʱʱͱıͣҽҲûˡ
ֻǣҶ滹ʱ֪ͦʵֻʱͦùĿʼ


2208 
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˵ǰӵˣװӣôҲӡ
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һԣȻѲ˾Ѳ˾¼ǽֵС¼׵Ľ᰸ˡ
ˬ׼Ҫ뿪Ҷ棬űίޱȵĳȪʱͦͻȻģСҲе㱳ӵù
ȻҶ룬Ҫ˳ˡ
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˵꣬Ҷﳤȥֻ³ȪʱͦһľϲĪ
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еȿĹģδϵȿ롣
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ķأǶһһ飬Ҷѡõķء
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ϹŲĽֻ÷㣬Ҳ֮ѡͨϹŲתĻֻҪʮ죬ִܹﱱ
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ʮҶȻǳԴĹ
Ҫ֪ҲǾ⿤ѣǿǻĳϵȷԵʡ
ˣأܺãǳ⣬ֻǣ뱾ЩͬҶ˵
˵ʱˡ
Ҷ˼غܺãҪ
֪ҶԷкҪ󣿡ʵ
ҲҶƾ⹫¹ҪǻˣԲûġ
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鷳ˡ
Ҷ湰˹֣ʾлҶĳ鷳ҸܹһķأùҲ÷չõʱͷܡ
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ԳҶֵûУǱ߿ɳķҲɣһԴԴͨһȫµ·
ԣҡҡͷɳķأûˡΪ˶ԸǱ߶ͽܷķȫǹϵõĹˡ
һҶ治ɵʧͷȴһݡ
ֱʡ
ҶҪѡ񸽽ķأ뽫һƬҲԣֻҶҪԵˡٴ˵


2209 ùĳȪ
ְڱʮϱԼһʮӵͼϿƫΡ
ְǼڱϵһŵİΧһԼԼһ֡
ְҪȱԼ֮һ˿ڣĿǰְһ˿ڶûС
Ŀǰлİ࣬˿ڽǧЩ˷˺ĳɹ
ְĿǰڲһʮ໧˿ֻ߰б֮һ
ÿĸ˰룬ڵıʮ֮һûС
ÿפ͹Աٺ»Ҫ͢
ȵı硣

Ϊְ뱱һһڱһ߽꿤
꿤ѾǴܵı߿ˡ
꿤ĶߣǴħս֮ĺպҪҪˣ֮һ־ͳפ
Ȼг־פħΪбˮң⼸״ǳĲ
꿤ôѳ̣ʵ
ְǰҲڸֻЩҶ汱Ӱ죬Žת
ڶɽҲ٣˿ƶ
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ŪһأȻǷɵأǿɳƾҶݣɳ̻ͨ⣬֧ͨͨԮԴȱɳ
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ңڵֿ뵱ıһڲ˿Ȼ٣Ϊȵ͵ȴĶࡣ
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Ե˵ְĿǰƷ㲻ϣҶҪѡأǼΪԿġ
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ЩףģȻзִ磬żĳ幫ӸͻᱻŹɱ
Ȼ󣬱ŹɱĹӸĸǾͻ涷˽¶ֵϡ
飬ÿ궼ҪüΪѲ˾ˣİҶѾľˡ
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һԩʼ¡ȻԵɡ
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˻ǿЦ
ȪʱͦùȻùһ㣬Ҷ棬Ҷʱǳзִ磬ȪʱͦеĲңҲֻƤ˶ѡ
Ȫʱͦߵʱ򻹻ġ
ôһҹ֮زζ
Ҷͷϣ


2210 Ļ
ݹĺԩ˲ϢҶһڼļӸС
Ҷ̡ɱˡŹˡ
ֵķִ磬Ҷ滹еģȪʱͦôزζ
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ݹʱȴ͵شҶһڣƤˣ˼˵óڣ
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ֱ仰˵Ҷ棬Ǵ˾Ԥֻʼ¡ʱͲ²⵽Ļֵ˭ǵĿġ

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2211 Ҷ֤
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ⲻܣ̲һԷԣĿ⿴̲λ
λ̲εĿ£ҡҡͷر£ȪڵϢǳҶү֮֡
һɵˡ


2212 ıֶ
Ǭڣʮλڸĵȫһ¶϶ȪʱͦڲҶϢڵϢȴҶϢű־Ե
϶ֱӾƷ֮ǰҶŹɱȪʱ֤ͦ
ΪҪǣ϶ʮλУ̲ĹϵĹݹɺӿϵĵ
ǵóһµжϣɣٲţҲֻű¡
˻ƭǣᱻϯռ˾ţǣǸϵĹȴƭǣش׼š
̲ˡ
ܵǿݹǰг˿ңڣȴ˭֪ˡ
Ǻʼ¡Ҷѵ̲ԩһλսպյĹ
ͬʱ̲ȫȪʱͦıһ̲ư
˴ʱˡ
˽ҶŹ˳Ȫʱ֮ͦ£ת÷ǳֶݺҶ档
ֻҶ֤ˡ
ʼ¡˾Ԥ׼࣬µˣ߲㡣
ףԶҲˡ
½ҲŪһʵ
ߣֱ̫Ŀŵ
ʹҶոսѾڵȴϯռ˾࣬Ѿŭ
ش׼Ѿ֪Ѫ״д˾٣˵ǲأ
˵ƽ󷨻һأʼ¡˵
׼󾪣£򲻿ɣ
£̫ϳ˴Ϣˣ󣬺пǵǴȫ˽ħսʱѾµġ
ǣʱҴٹ֮˽ħսߣ֪Ĳµģ
ʼ¡׼˵Ѫ·ش룿
ûв벻ǣʱħս߲õģо롣
Ҫ֪Ĳ´󣬱ضڹϣԣڴûн֮ǰҪܷϢ׼˵
ոսҶ棬ȴľѡ
䣬Ȼ˾˵ĳš
水׼ԣλڹϣΣֲֿ
һ£ʼ¡׼࣬͵ϸϸѯҶħսս¡
ʵģѪӽ·󷨵顣
֪ҶѾ޷Ѫӽ·һ£ʼ¡Ǵ׼࣬üͷ
Ҳûе̬ϸϸѯСʱ֮ʼ¡ֿҶķ֮٣Ҷ뿪
ʵĵһʬ֮ʱҶѾ쳣
ֻǵʱҶû˵ƣҶ֪ڱıˣҪﵽʲôĿģ˭ڱı
ȻȻģɿڣĻָʹҲͱ¶ˡ
Ҷô֤׵ģҲܼ򵥡
ò˵λģҶˮĸֱ֣˼㡣
üһģһĺˮһһŴȪʱͦڵƣҶŹɱȪʱͦļҪҶء
ãҲҪҶһʮ꣬ԴĿġ
ϧǣǲһ㡣
ΪҶĺˮ֮Ук꣬ǲл꣬Ҳһ
Ҷÿһζúˮ۳ĺļӳ֣ҲҶĺˮУŻһ˿ޱȵӡϢ
ӡϢںˮڲԷ
λģҶˮ֣Ȼûз
ǣҶķſˮٷſõϸӦܹӦ֮Ե
׿ˮһȥȥһģһ޴ӷֱ硣
лԺһڣܹ֣һΡ
£ʮλΪԼ˵Ҳ޴˵
ô֤һ˵ٻûκôġ
ҶȻȻľˡ
浱𣿡ЦУҶ뿪ػʹ
һ꣬ҶҪȥշأȻ֮ǰһϵ
Ȼ˳ȥҲǳ顣
ܵιһй㣬Ҫǳɹչ֮󣬻ȥǴܳ˿ԴԲˡ
Ҷ棬ɲ뵱
鷳
ȻҪݺݵıȥ
Ҷ洦һЩµʱ򣬸ոջظdһʩ󷨵ľڣһ̸
Ҷͻϳ߲Ǳˣµ糡
ô
ʱͦƣǵ۷ģ£ϷҲԼ˵Ϣһģһôᱻ֤ףüͷģһջ
Ҳ޷⣬ֻǣλȴƭ˵ϸϸӦ֮£ȷвʮλһͬǱڳ֮Ҳ޷ʩΪdһΡ
Σµ糳̾һһΣЩӴӣǶԴӵ˽ⲻ¡
϶ԸӣȻûлᡣ˴£Ǻãdü
£ɲܣˡµЦ
dһ֪кΰţ
ȴŴ𻰣Ƕӳһƿ뿪֮󣬰糲Ц£ԽбֶΡ
ѪҪԪ˧뻻ˣ¾;ɡ


2213 ԭµ״
ѪҪʱմʦʱҶµġҪڡĺݻ
Ҷͺ޵
ֱ޿ײ룬Ϊ˶ԸΪ˴Ŀģֱ伫
һΣҿҶʱõǺˮеĺˮˮϢҶ֤ס
Ҷ浱ʱľֶֻ£Ҷǳһ죬˵
˵ãҶ滹ȥʮĿۡ
ոƴһ˲ϢҪȺ˵Ҫȥʮɡ
ֱҶϵϣҶܲޡ
ľٶҲ̫ĿŵˣѹûҶŵﰡ
ҪһɫҪȻ浱Ҷ
ڱĺҶ浹Ҳں
ֻҪҶûб¶ɳйأҪԸҲڹ֮ڡ
ҶһܹҲĿŵɵܸɵġ
ڣ볤ֹ֮Ҷ뿪ء
Ҷ뿪֮󣬲ûֱȥԭϹŲ󣬶ȥԭľӪ
ֹ½Ϊ֮һ֧פԭϣĳ̣ͳȻҶ˹ſ
ҶǴȥ˹߿壬Ӫġ
ոսӪſڣõϢĹſʹһڽ죬Ҷΰ
ҵȲμ
һĻҶ氵̾һֻĬĬĽ˹ſһ˵İݼ
ݡ
Щ꣬Ҷ滹ſֵܵģѾر
Ȼ˵ҶݵĲ𣬲ࡣ
ڴܣҶ͵ýֹء
ܻΥֹأҶԼʲô¶ûУȴſ鷳ء
˵Ҷȵſֱۣɡ
Ȼٲѯʹ״ҶȻʵ֮
ǣſﾹȻļ
СҲˣһо
Сӣڰͷˡ
꣬ûи˰
ſͲûмݺˣҶЩ죬ô£żһ֪
С͸ַˣִ뿪ʱͲûбżҸϳˡ
СҲӲԲ쵽ͷأԲ¶档
ַҪǲἰ壬͢Ȼ֪ͨȻ֪
ðһƷоٿԴˣƴһ£ƴȶӾҲǴϣġſ˵
ǿ϶
һ仰Ҷû˵ֵ£ֹȡӾ
ڣҲֻҶѹŶѡ
˾ɣҶԼһССҪеС⣬ҪھӪбչزչ򣬲ΪĳЩԭϣſԸڻ
ϰҶȵȡ
Ҷſﱾн飬ſǳֹͳ죬ȻȻӡ
һ֮ҶһӰ˶ĿҶԸǾԭصףѰҺ£ĵص㡣
һҶضħ˧֮󣬾ӵԭصף˴ԭصףѾʱʮˡ
ҶҪԭصףѰһʵĶʮԪ챦ĵص㡣
ڵص׷ɿеҶ棬üͷͻȻһ
֪ΪΣڵص׶֮ʣĺˮ꣬ȻĪԳΣںˮ೤֮һ޷ݵоظֵҶͷ
˷һ޷ݵоҶ档
ҶɢҪѰоȴҲ
Ҷɻ
ʱıҪڼҶ沢û̫ʱ˷ѡ
רѰҺʵĵص㣬ûãҵ˵Ȼĵصܶ
Ҷһصܶ߶ʮԪ챦飬¿ռӡָϵһԶĵصܶ
漴Ҷʹ߶ʮԪ챦飬߶ռŲƵ
һεģһδӽתĴ½ģҪСĶࡣ
СֻһҶ֮һԪξƾո֣ʮԪ챦Ҷƾʧ
ʮԪ챦ĿռŲģŲԶźܴĹϵ
Ϣ֮ʮԪ챦Ҷ棬ѪҪڵص֮ڣҶʮԪ챦ռӡ
ڵִѪҪ֮Ҷ沢û뿪
ϥأռƷʯʼɿĻָĵ
ͬʱأСҲ߶ڵĺ鱦ľ룬ȵĳص׵ľϵָ𷽲Ųʱĵ
һʱ֮Ҷ滺ӣУ䡣
һ򷢳ûã͵õţĻظ
ţݻظܼ򵥣ֻǸҶһλá
Ӫڶ뱤𣬺ܺã
һɲǣСèһͺ𣬾ͳҶ£ͺһռһʹҶԭʧ
Ϣ֮Ҷڶ뱤Χһܲ۵һС뱤ڡ
С뱤ڣ˿ȴޱȵķģ϶ģԵޱȵʢ
ڶ뱤̵Ĺ̶ݵ㣬𡭡
ЦһҶ;ֱ뱤ſڣ̤뱤֮ڡ
رѯҶݣҶҲ֣ó֮ǰоնɱһͽͷƣֱӱС
Ƭ̺Ҷ뱤ڱڱϿգƣķ̳ʲôء
ţʱõĽ
ͽͷݽڱȻǽȥġ
˾Ԫ˧Ҷ棬ݷÿմʦҶ£һ㣬ɢ˷
ͬһɲǣڱھĿմʦ͵۾У֮ɫ


2214 һ
أdĸۡڣںԺھ޵µ糣ͻȻյһѶ
ȥ˳ֹӪſ磬û
ϢȻһЦͻһѶĵȴ뿪ԭֱ֮ӳ֣нֻ꣡
ͬһʱ̣Զǧ֮ѪҪ󷽶뱤ΧڣմʦפС뱤УմʦҶǹһĲ졣
Ҷ棬ܵңʲô˼
ˣûдմʦʵ
شˣûһ˹ģԶûʱϺŵһʦ˵
һˣ
մʦ˼ѵص飬Сˣұʦˣ
Ӧˡ
ߣ֪ڣαص
մʦţȥľ֦뱾һͬӼⱱ˾Ԫ˧Ҷ棡
֮ڱ֮УҶٲڣԿΪ׵λʦҶ
ʱλʦĬĬɢԼĵѹ纣ĵѹɽѹ·˳һҶ档
ҶȴȻһЦͷ·һҶһŲڡ
ٴѹǿҶǱһ۳˳֮ϡ
մʦɫһҲ
Ҷս֣Ҳ̫ˡ
ҶԪ˧ıӺ飬ȻҵϷ֪֮ҶԪ˧Ϸкμ̣
˵ǡ̡֣աľ֦λʦȴƨɶûһ£̴̵￴Ҷ̤뻨
ҶҲգףЦأҶĳ˾һ㣬ͻ⹫֮λҪʮꡣ
Ǵˣҿմʦ˵һ
һմʦɫһϲҶ棬ȻǵֶΣġ
ٺһЦմʦ˵ҶԪ˧д˾ãȻԴȱΪǣȱȴͽѺͨˣԵˣȻֶΡ
ȻҶԪ˧ˣȻ󿪷֮ţҶԪ˧Ϊѡ
ѣ
ҶЦҡҡͷմʦˣ
νһһأǱʩչֶΣҶĳʧ⹫֮λҪʮꡣ
ԣҶĳǰġ
һաľ֦λʦɫͻһ䣬ոɭɭ˵ҶԪ˧ĪҪɱһ鹫ɱ
ɱ
ҶԣƴЦޣҷ˵ˡ
˿;֪üմʦ˳ƽӲ
;֪ҴûԹ֪
ղ˵˵ǣմʦѿ
Ҹղ˵ˣҽ죬ģ̫Կˡ
Ҷĳһģ
ҶɱĿӿաľ֦λʦϹɨʱ˿յЦ
һҶԪ˧ͲһûһȥԼһ𣿡մ飬ɭȻ
ҺģҶһ档
ϸĴҶ漸ۣͻȻЦҶԪ˧ˡϷֱԣϷ濴
ϷУ˿ǲһ
ҵģʵһϱߣʦһۣҶЦĸӲˡ

ʲô
뿴
һʮԪ챦ʱʹҶԺɳ
ʮԪ챦ֵɲǣմʦ۾ֱˣľ֦λʦУⱩ䡣
鱦
Ʒ鱦
Ȼ鱦
Ǿɲǣմʦس𣬡λʦܣյü鱦ǵԵȡ
ͬһɲǣľ֦˳λʦʱסҶ档
ҲڴʱҶ߳һ⣡
ʱʮԪ챦˷һɢ⻪ʮԪ챦ʱͽ뱤ڱֶ
һ޷ݵĸоؽڿաľ֦λʦϡ
鱦գҪʲôҶֶΣմʦЩ졣
Ҫʲô
ҶЦȻǱһԱúõĻؾһ¡
ؾ
Ҷƶִ߶鱦գ¿մʦƶ˿ͷһЩ㷣Ҳûм϶֡
ǲŶ֣ҶҲʤա
ƾһˣմʦһĿҶ棬ͬʱϵ硣
ѶСͨѶŲ̵ʱڣմʦ˸顣
Ȼ󣬿մʦɫͱò
еϵʽ͸鱦ʮԪ챦ķ
̾ʮԪ챦ǺñͬʱմʦһĲõĸо
һˣȻ
ҶЦҡͷλʦʮλʦһˣûǸģԣҸλʦ׼һССľϲ
˵ҶһѹѹȺͶشҶĹ⻪ӿ֡
ֳģȻºΪ׵ػŵʮλ
֮ǰսܹˣҶڰٱʱռˣѾԭˡ
һǧŵĽսʿ
Щ˳ֵɲǣմʦ;ŭޱȵ˻аͽ
Ҷ棬㾹Ȼаͽᣡ
ҵȲμʹˣһ˵ͬʱҶ棬÷ŭ˻Ŀմʦ˲ϢĿɿڴ
Ҷ棬Ȼаʹ
ɱһ
ɵĴ˸ָҶһ̤شط


2215 
ڵĵںڵĵԾʲôս
ҶߣʮػŵĵСټһʮ
ֵһ˵ǣմʦսĹؼʱ̣Աһ¡
ԭֻɢŵϢĿմʦϢͱ˵ǿڣ˲شҶߵĵڵ¡
ݶԱ֮£
У
£ġ
λʦɲڸһĴ֮󣬻ǿӳġ
ǣܱ߿ռ䱻ҶʮԪ챦ˣλʦ޿ӣ޿ɳ
ֻս
ԭҶӵѹԵսҪնɱսλʦһλŵڵΪ
϶øصĴۡ
¡
ǣҶӵеʵͲ
ȻֻеڵΪǼ̳ϹħԜطͨӰԪ顣
ĴڣһԪ鱻طͨӰ쵽սض
ټҶôһաľ֦ˣսʼûã˾
ȻģҶµһǧػŵĽսʿʮ֮ڣͽפڴ˵صʮλʦ
һǧʮ
һǧηҶ泹װʿûκ
ʮʦߣʦҲûκ
ʵľѹ
աľ֦λһǧʿԶطɧŵʱǲʱ
ʵϣǻǴˡ
Ⲣʱ
Сʮ÷Ԫ룬˵ĿմʦڣʼٵմʦΪʱ򣬲ǿľͿ֦ʦʱ
ǲףزҪȴجν٣⵽һֺεȵľ
С£մʦеԪΪһطĵƣ׷ױͽҶڡ
մʦڵһ缴ıСͽؿռ֮ϣٵڵؿռݡ
մʦǻϵСòҶΪĿǰѾﵽһƿʱ޷ֻˡ
մʦطĵƣһ㣬ӿҶĵ֮С
֮УҶԪ΢΢һͽЩطĵƾɣܱߡ
ҶĿǰĻͨǿģӦǸǶ档
ǣǶɸ׻붾ںΪһ֮ǿ档
Ҷߴл֮
ʱԿմʦĻطĵƣȻҶԪɡ
ǣЩƲûһ˿һԻ
ԭҲܼ򵥣Ҷֻǵõ˿մʦĻطеİ˾ųɣû
طһʵʻһԴĻĵ
߲طеѰʧš
ǣһµĻϺЩʱҵȻЩŴ඼ɬѶڶҪʱ䳢оŹ˳ˮ۵
ҶͨСͨõЩط൱ֱʡǰ˵൱ǵõޱȡǰע͵š
ֱӽ˵̡
ңطֻǵķ
Уʱʵǰ
طУҪһ꣬ôǰܾҪʮ꣬ʵԵĵֻҪʮꡣ
ҶͨСõĿմʦĻϵʵϾֱ
Ȼ˵ҪҶ滨һʱȥȥ򣬵пطߣҶѾԼ˾ųϵʱ䡣
ԿմʦڵΪĻϵˡ
СҶ߰˳ɵطѾ㹻ҶһĻϵ㹻Ҷͻƻϵˡ
ΨһϧģǿմʦĲƸˡ
ΪͻƵʱ򣬾ܹͽӿռ䡣
Ϊ͵ĽߣֻὫһЩҪޱȵı͵Ľӿռڣڴ﷨֮ڡ
ϾӿռСҲûд﷨㡣
ǣΪϵڵĽӿռ䲻ϵ󣬿Ҳӵķ㡣
ϴ󲿷ضڽӿռڣ±͵±ϵǿ߸ˡ
ԿմʦλݣĲƻ
ǣĴָڣֻһ㱸õĵҩʯƻٵÿ
ķڽСڵıѾĻɢױ٣ߵĲƻҲ֮١
ȻڵСѾ˵ˮ𣬴ﵽͨСˮ׼򲻻١
űĳ˵ˮС磬ͻΪ֮еһ֪磬ȴԵ˵󴳺ͽ١
С˿մʦԪڵط֮ڵմʦڵѪȴҶҪ£ûɡ
ԣմʦȻɢʬȴá
һλڵĴʦĺǣޣܺԪ£ҲͬСɣǳǿ
ĺǣҶµѪþġ
һڵĻħںϵմʦĺǣսԿֱ׷۷ĴڣΪҶѪþһ
ҲǷá
Ƭ̺ҶĿ⣬˿ľʦ
˿̣ľʦҶĿ⣬ȣ


2216 ֻɹ
ڿ֦ʦĿУҶСʮ÷Ԫ˿֦ʦڡ
ĿÿաľλʦҶĻɢ֦ʦĽڲȻ׵ı
ֻǣ򽵵ģҶҲա
ʦɵһߣǾǶʱըٸĿԪҲ޷֤
컯˵ġ
ⷽ棬ҶСġ
ûãҶռһߵǿߵĺǣò˶ãѪþţֻһλʵǿߵѪþӢˡ
λʦУաľĶǻϵǻϵЩ޵طе߰˳ɣҶá
֦ʦ̫Ҳ̫ط
Ӳˮϵͱϵ취Ҳ̫еһ֣ȴǱȽϻ̬
Ҷĺˮĵ֣޷ɣֻܾĺ䵽ռĵؿռ֮ϡ
˵䣬ҶµػŵĽսʿѾʵΪ̳ݵڱɾˡ
ʹˣǴЩʹĴʦϵĽɻ񡭡źüٸָҶǰʾ
ȥ˰ɣߵĶóǵԴҶ˵
һһػŵսʿʱϲ
ǶԣĴʦĴָеĲƻҲһʾ޸
ЩƻҶ滹ߣʵۻء
ΨһϧǣѱڱҲûҵ̳Ĳر⡣
̳ģСûнԭ
һУҶȴû뿪
λʦʮλʦλʦҶ⼸ǽѪҪķ̳ˡ
ԣҲνʧˡ
ԣҶٵԼժȥķ
ٲ˿ʵ
غȪʱͦͼݺҶһҶǳڸ
ȴû֤ݡ
֪ȴû֤ݡ
ǾͲܲϵֶΡ
ʵΣʱܣ
Ѱ˼һ£һĨ⻪һŻ󿪣ҶͽղŲսػŵսʿյռ䡣
һ͵ʱռڡ
ڰٱʱ£˵̵ʱڻָû˵ģҲʱռ
Ψһ鷳鱾ԪֻԷһԪ
ڸһػŵսʿԣٱʱò̫
һǧˣΪͶǽصǿߣҶոϴһ磬Ҳ޷֧Ƿſڰٱʱ
ģ̫ˡ
Ǵʱռڣֻʮ֮һʱʮ֮һʱ䣬ͨطս
ʣʮ֮˵ʱ䣬ȫڡϵ
Ҷʹɳػŵսʿȫǿߡ
ٱʱ£һǧ˿ߴԸҲ൱ʮ˵Чˡ
ҲҶһջ
󣬲õôˣ
˽ʱҶ棬ЩͷĴߴ
ϺãҵҶү֪ĻһôƴĹ
İ˵ĳ񰡣ٻά죬ĵ࣬ǼǱ󡭡Ҳңˡ
Ԫ鰢ϰԵ߶Сһ߸ˡ
֮Ԫ鰢ʮԪ챦鰢ԪİĿע£һ˵һ仰깤ˣ
һ̣ʮԪ챦鰢ԪУ̫İˣİľǴûһ
ĳ磬˶ֵ¼ɹģô͡
߳һա֣С̫İԪӰһΣ⻪һɢʹʮԪ챦Ҷĵ
һӾӿ˳
Ϣ֮󣬿աľ֦λʦڱܱߵŽֵע£ЦʵĽҶͳڱš
ҶԪ˧ߣͣ
λʦ
һƬУҶ˾Ԫ˧ڿն뱤ڶͽע£뿪˷̳
λʦ״תڱĴ޵ľޣѵͽܵѵ⣬ڱ·֮ǰһɵתš
żһЩͽſӭ͵ĴʦʦſʾȻͳڱ
һ糣
ȻֻǱ档
˳ʱ䶢ڱÿһ˵ٿĻͻ֣ᷢǴʦͻʦֻǴʦˣÿһʱͻظ֮ǰΪһ飬һ㡣
ĵĻתѪҪٴ·֮ѪҪ˧صУҶٴδ߶ʮԪ챦пռŲƣ˲Ϣԭʧ

ֹӪУſɴһｫ죬Ҷ档
Ҷ΢΢һ˭ҲûзҶıĵ滻˷
һΣ
ˬһεһҹ
ֱڶ磬ſҶǰԭϹŲ󣬳׵뿪ء
ͬһʱ̣dۡڣµ糣ĴʦеϢüͷ
ûҵֵĻᣬҶķѾ̤ϹŲ뿪أ
Ϣ֮󣬰Ц޷Ǿ͸ȥ
뿪ظãָ㣬Ҳù˼ˡȥֻҪҵʵĻᣬֱӳ֣нԪ飬ߣʱ˼ط
⣬ΪѲ˾ԸҶ֣ټһ֡
ֻɹʧܣ


2217 лط
ԭϹŲҶһ·ŲƲͣ
ŲƹУҶ͸Ӧϵ޵Ϣ
ڣ𣿡
ҶɫԪ飬ͬΪɫɫԪ顢ԪΪԼǿɫԪϢΪС
ԭľӪҶ͸ӦϢ
ıԼӦѲ˾һϢҶǷǳϤ
ңѲ˾ԼӦǰб棬Ϣңң
ңҶ˴γУõǷ
һûʲôļֵ
ֻ˵ҪǰϢԼˣǶԸԼһʲôã
д˷֣ҶҲ
ִﺣԭϹŲ֮󣬵ųǣȥѲ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹںԭŹһȦ
˳Ŀ˿ĺԭͷԭϹŲ󡢺ԭֲת״
״ҶһУѾҹʱ֣Ҷ׼뿪ԭǡ
ԭҹʱ֣ԭȻϿյĽվȻҶʱõǵڶ·ѲʹݣȨȻܸܵġ
Ѳ˾ڶ·ѲʹһУҶС
Ӵʱ𣬾Ҷɵաľ֦λʦεڶ뱤ķ̳Ѿһ֮ˡ
һʱ䣬ʱռڣѾ˽ʱ䡣
֮ǰһս˵µΪȫָսҲо
ҶϷʱԭ
ڣʮԪ챦飬ҶӦ̶ܳڵ⡣
ҲҶĿǰάֵ￪ʼԵĵڡ
޻ǲκصģԶֻᱻֻʯͷԽǼӲʯͷԽõ˼ɵ
ΪһãͻὫԸͷѪ
Ҷ뿪ԭǣһ·Ҷһ·Ĵʦعоڡȵˡ
ҶⲱϾǹ֮ǷҲء
ǳʲôӣʦеǸ
һعʦȡһСͨѶŲ󣬸ִµµʾ
dۡڣµ糿عʦ򣬾ʱع𣬶̵֣ʱڣõҶԪ顣⣬;вκ߿һɸɱۣ
ǣϴ
ţⷢһѪҪǱµĿգ߿գȥѪҪ˾Ԫ˧Ҷɡ
ٴǵҪһҶҾܾĺ⣬͵ÿЦ
ǣ
Щ系ߵǰǳ׺ҹճ
ѪҪ׷ʲô
Ȼ̫ϳҲȥˣ
ʲô飬ȻܹôܺǰδеȷϢ
ħս󶼶ԭҪţ
ңڲ¾Ȼɽɽ
ɽɽĴڣλ֮µĴڡ
£ȻǵĹעɼͬСɡ
ɻµͷһƳĺУΪС
һһеյףһʱ֮󣬳׵Ľ⿪
Ҳˡ
ԭǧСèȻеҶ棬ͻȻ䱻ĵӰסˡ
𣿡Ҷ治мƲƲ졣
⻹ԸСèŻٶȣʱٷÿʱĻϡ
ҪȻҶСèչĿǰʮÿʱʱ٣ֻʩչͨЩʦӰҲš
ҶԪ˧ʦع𡣡λʦվķҶط𵴷գֹҶÿռط߷Ϊ׵Ĵʦعǰ˵
ʦ
λذΧΪҶЦ
ȻҶԪ˧ԪһΡ˵꣬عһֵʦܣϣ¡
ʦع£Ϊɲʲô⣬սپͬʱɢ˷գһпܴڵĿš
ţ
Ҷ߳һֵһλʦΪ֮һعҴʦ֪ǵ⣬Ǳ֪Ǵ˿ԵģǱһѣȥҲûκôɣ
ʵһ㣬Ҷġ
˷ûзκصĴڣعҴʦһҲ˳ڻشҶҲǼʱѡ
ңģĻش𣬿ܻλ˾Ԫ˧֪еһʱӵϡ
ҶԪ˧Ԫ꣬ӵ˵ҵȵ컯ˣҲ˵Ԫ֮ء
о֮£Ҳೣ˲֮ܵԪء
вطУֻҪõһ޹ҪԪл꣬ҲܹǣӰ䱾壬·ǳ˴ΣҶԪ˧ȥҶԪ˧ʶһѵһԪط
عʦĽͣҶͷ͵ػȻʡ
һЩйصԪлصطͼأҶԺС
Щƾնġ
ʦ½ҶĴС
ʦ½ҶĴУָ֪ʶطţɳ֮ɳ
ǿʦ½еĻۡ
ҶȻõЩУȴûʱͻ᳹׵⡣
ЩУֻǻΪӡҶԪ֮УҪҶʱ£о
ҪнӴƵ֪ʶ߹ؼ㣬ЩӡŻᱻӶ֡
ڣһΡ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶԺУ͸ϰйԪлطͽܺͼء
жʮԪлطͨһԪл꣬ñʹܣá
صĴطϰ֣ʩչطģֻʮ֡
ƣ
Ҷ鶸رޱȣǱԸأ
ҶԪ˧ڴ˵ģֻһССķѣɲ㲻Ը⣿ң˵Ƿıڴˣǰ㲻Ը⣬Σ
˵꣬عҴʦȵ£
ʱһԵľʦЦǰҶԪ˧һ˰ɣһֻɢȵϢ֣̽ץҶ档
ֵֻܵϢҶȴһϢǰλʦȻнϵôط϶нϵط
治ԸⰡ
̾һĿĽɫ⣬쳹
ɲǣСлԪѾӾʦй¡
ͬһɲǣɽĴ̳Ľɫ⣬Ѿû˾ʦ
ʦܴƺʹ˲Ϣعʦɫ䡣
ԣⲻǷı壡ع𾪺
¶ˣûн
ҶЦعʦʧ磬رЦǱΣ
Ǳ壬Ӳһ⣡
ɢȥ¶˻ЩڣͱʮѪľʦģҶ氵ҡҡͷ
Щƣžˣһλʦԣء
սЩʱ䶼ûдˣʱƺԽԽõİ
ٿ
һƷ鱦ʮԪ챦ʮ⻪ҶԺϥС̫鰢ԪʮԪ챦ĸ֣ʱ⻪ʮԪ챦г˲Ϣ֯
鱦
Ȼ鱦֪ͨعľ쳹ɲǣܱգȻʮԪ챦
һʦ̵ʱó߶СͨѶŲϵСͨѶŲһУ١
ȻǷյ鱦عʦٴξ
һɲǣҶĹ⻪˸عʦ۾صɵıͭ廹Ҫ
ǰһĻֵһĻ


2218 ̳֮
صعʦǱȻյҴظ˵϶֡Ƕ뱤ĿմʦǱߣһֱûнƺǱߵСͨѶŲ󣬲ûдڿ״̬
źµİʦЩŵǰظ
µ糳ʱҲû⣬ջûлظǾĵȴ
˵һ룬ͻشס͵̧ͷ˵ʲôǱߵСͨѶŲûп
صǵģǱ߽רϵСͨѶŲһֱ޷ӦǿմʦǱߵСͨѶŲûп
ⲻܣ
µֱӷ񶨣ѪҪǱҪ飬ͨרֵأôܲ
ʦ˿̶켱ˣУǿǿԽɱĴڡ
²ϵĳԴ߶һӣ߶ϰٴΣһζûгɹ
Ըµ飬ˡ
Щʦⷽ棬ûǸ͵
ǿǱֵص£һСɡ
Ȼģ糵жϣȥϵԺɽýϵʽϵգ
ϵ֮ÿ뱾磡ٴ´
ǣ
µʦǣֵضи̫ˣϵ֮Ҫÿպúõһ£
żİȴ˼ѹû뵽ϵϵԭ򣬸Щֵʦиˡ
ҪѪҪ飬ĿǰĵһҪ£ǶһλеĹ֣Ѳ˾ڼࡢڶѪҪ
ԣ£Ҫսپܳκ⡣
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µżԭ
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û˵ֱֽϵʽϵ˿աľ֦λʦûκλ
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µ糾ȹϵһھڲͣⲽ
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ܹһ˶ܵĴ½ָ
£ǳʮλڣΧաľ֦λʦԿ˵ʵҲӳĿܡ
ڴϢʾǸײ
񣬿˾ȻϵˣðһֲõԤС
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ʱҲԸļƽϣæȥʦ֣
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ҹֵشʦɷǳǫ
ֵشʦǰУӦܣûзκ쳣ѹû뵽ҲǰһУȻǻþ
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㣡
ʦüͷ͵һ壬Ծ
ͷˣ֮£ĴʦҪϻ̳Ͽ֡
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⣡
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ţ
ǰȻڣȴһֵشʦʦص˸Բ񣡡
һʦȻһ˰죬ûз֡
ֱ
ŭļŰԪ鲨ХХһʦΪģɢ˷
ƣ
ХУʦֵشʦɢʦХУ̳ǻһһ
ơƹ⴦ҹ̳һһƬĹ
ͻı仯ʦ˼
˴ģĻ񡭡
ЩѾ֮⡣
Уʦϸޱȵһ߾ʬ壬ʦ𾪵Ըӡ
֮һݱעʮ𼱵Ӱһ˵򣬷ֱؾֵشµ糵ǰ
ٶȿµ˵糵ͣѾÿȥһϡ
뱤̳һڣ
ա֦ľλʦʮλʦʬ޴棬ٴʦʦʬ̳ڡ
̳ڣŷǳҵϢԸӦʦȫֵĺۼޱȾҵȴûв̳֮⡣
ʬ֣ٴʦʦʱӦһյ֮䡣ŷǳǳĻڸǣ˷֡

һ꣬µ糵Ѿ𾪵Ըӡ
ϿԶ϶ʬ޴ĴʦʦȻû̫ҴĿܡ
ϢĸɵһλڣλڵĴʦʮλսǿʦٴʦʦȴһ˿һϢ
ڵȫ֣زܣɽȴû⡣
ǣȴ޶ڶ뱤̳ʮ﷽Բĵؽ
ǺεǿĴڳ֣ܵ״
۷壿
ǰ벽컯
ҪĲ벽컯ҲУ١
աľ֦˵ڰ糵ϲһޱȵܡ
뱤̳һֱħսмҪһ
뱤̳Ȼ˵ͽڣҪµĴʦȥɣȴҪ»ľˡ
ǴʱҪЩϼһѪҪĹؼʱ̡
Ӱ죬ֱ
պƵѪУ̺糵ĴʦֿһʦļӼ
ӹһۣ糵۾͵һԲʧã


2219 
Ҷ棬㾹Ȼа񹴽ᣬȻаʹһŹģ
һᣡعʦЪ˹š
ڼһǧʿҶعʦľϲһһ
ɳʹݣعʦ޲õҶ档
ϧǣλڵĴʦҶߵʮλҶԳ֮ļһټһǧԶ̹ɧŵػŵսʿ
ºܹܻѵ˵Ļ˵Ըǣȼ뱤̳մʦһˣҪɵĶ࣬û̫صơ
ʱ˿̣عҴʦѾشλʩչȴҶǰľͯ꾲ʦ
ûľͯӡ
ػŵһ˵ȶСĳƺ
Ϣ֮󣬾ʦڵĹͽطڡ
طĵƣҲҶͽ˽ϵ֮ڡ
ʬҶȻŹǻħںϳΪѪõѲϡ
һŹңҶֹ⿴ǰ״̬Ъ˹عʦ
˰ΣعʦȻ̾عʦҲɳʹҲŹҰɣ
⡭
عʦסˣȷʵˡ
ôǲɳʹʲôأ
չ鲻ŹңҺβĸһأ
ޣˣҿܻһҪĵ˵ݡҶͻ˵
ʲôݣعʦһɻ
Ǻǣ֪±Ӱɡ
ЦУС߶ʮ÷Ԫʹ̽عʦڣعʦʱҶͻһĶͷ
ޣˣˣ㲻±ˡ
عʦУظֳ޾ľУһ˿
ĿޣҪΪˡ
ֻǣ˵󣬾ǹ뽵ҶҲᡣ
ĵ²ĿǰԣҶɲ
һ֮Ҷ滺˫һ㾪ϲ
عʦľȻǻϵط򣬶ϵطĲ̶ȣһҲȻϵطĲ̶ȵ͡
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Ҷ浱ںĴ½ʱΪΪûָ㣬һΪҲȫԸͻƳġ
ʱѡ֮սϣȷʵɳսǿ˵ˣĪ⣬ҶҲǳ
ǣ֮սǿǿĹؿڣȴڵ͵֮
Ϊﵽ벽ߣҪͻƳΪǿߣֻһ׼һط򣬾ͿͻƳΪܡ
£ҶͬʱߣʦηɰסͨۻֻһߣͻƵѶȣֱر
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Ҷأһ
ÿҪһط򣬲ܳͻƵΪܣȱһҶ涼޷Ϊĵܡ
ط
߲һطȫʮ꣬ϰ꣬ȡмƽֵʮꡣ
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֮ǰСҶطǻϵط
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ֻҪ̫˵Ҷ㣬ʱռĻõĽ𡢽ڣͿӵһطˡ
Ϊ޷ͻƣսȴܹһ̶ȵ
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ԣȽ϶ԣⳡսҶԣջǾ޴ġ
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սػŵսʿУʮλ˴ˣ˶ˣء
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Ҷӵѹһʵˡ
ҪСвӦ
ҲҶĿǰĸԭ
Ŀǰӵеǿǿӣȴȱһܹѹȫֵĸ֡
һѹȫֵĸڣսΣԾͻȽ͡
ڴǰҶѹȫֵĸ֡
ҶڵսǾӴսСģսȡʤ׾١
ҶӴԽԽߣҶʵսʱȴûдľʧȥѹȫֵ
ֿѹȫʽɷǳҡ
޾ѡ
ԣҶĿǰͿɾԼʹԼʵսٴγΪѹȫʽ
Ϣ֮һǧػŵսʿ׷׻תҶʱռ䣬˵ˣ
գ
߳һһյʮԪ챦飬ؾ£С̫ԪڣһԪʹʮԪ챦飬Ҷڡ
յյʮԪ챦飬Ҷ沢ûм뿪
һɳһȫʽĻ𺣾ϯ˷
ֿ񱩵Ļ˲ϢͻٵһڲϢ
Ҷ浹ҵԼ
£ֻҪûˮͿԹ鵽Ҷϡ
ҶֻڻٵʮԪ챦鱦ϢԼƽػеɳϢ
ֽ׶ΣҶ沢¸ɫ
ǣֶһΧڣܵĳЩǱĿŵĶԴܵĹһֵı
ǣһǷ鱦ϢǱάֵޣ˲ϢͻᱻӵԺ
οʮԪ챦飬⡣
ɳϢ˲Ϣ񣬽Ҷ벻ϧһд۲Ŀꡣ
Ҷ滹ЩϢķСġ
С֮Сèһ񣬾ʹҶʧӰ١


2220 
˿̣µ糣ļȹϵϡ
ûеȴµĻرԳ嵽˶ϵСͨѶŲ󷨾ڣԲͣĴ߶СͨѶŲ󷨡
ǣֽϵʽȫˣЩϵعʦǵСͨѶŲ󷨣ȴûһлӦ
ð糵ɫԽԽѿ
ţһлӦϵҡ
һɲǣ糾ʹԺںŵٶȱӳأԭϹŲ
Ҷ淢֮ʱعʦǼսλãע˹
˿̣糾ǳعʦ˵սص㡣
֮ǰ뱤̳մʦʧ֮ҶԪعʦˣʧˡ
ڴǰ糵õڶ뱤̳鿴淢鱨ݲ飬ǰ˾Ԫ˧Ҷ棬ݷùա
ۼҶ뿪ڱ̳ڱ̳κ״ֱһ±֡
϶뱤ڱ̳һ£Ҷйء
ҲǿϢð˲Ϣ뵽һЩõĿܡ
Žϵعʦ
ǣϵʱعʦһѾʧˡ
û֮ǰĿաľ֦һʧˡ
ðһͷƤĸо
ǰóµȨȸϵعʦ˳µսѾһʱ֮ˡ
ʲôûС
˲ŨĻϵ֮⡣
֮󣬰糵һѾĿҪγˮˡ
ϢԵı˿
ˣ系ǿԪҵٵļع𡢾ʦ˵ĲдĻϢ
ȷع𡢾λʦĳˡ
ǣ˭֣
ԷϢΪڸʲôأ
λʦû᲻˵򶼷Էݣжǿ
ĿǰΨһȷǣ˵ʧ٣Ҷйء
ѪҪصܣǿաعλʦʧ٣¹ش
λʦһ̳ʧٺǶڼҴҵԣҲǴˡ
Ѿǰһµܹˡ
ϱ
뾡ĽϱȥȻϱᡣ
㱨Ŀǰ֮΢ܵϱߵļѵ֮󣬰糵ɫѾѿ˼㡣
Ҷ棡
ΪʲôÿҶ棬ҶմϹϵͻޱ鷳͵ù
˿̻ÿҶ򽻵ͶȻûһռˣҴʱ򣬶ܵù
ֻ룬ð侹ȻҶһ־¸С
մȾҶľ¸С

Ҷľƿ֮£Ѿһ飬Ҷ뿪Զãϲܳʲô⡣
ҶһλתҪΪ˽ӹְһ¡
ʵϣϣҶҲûдͶپ
ְǱߣѾӵ˳ּ͢⡣
صûãҶʹĿǰĿ禣ξƜWڶ·Ѳʹʹİˣһǰְ
ɿȥԱйٲֺ顣
ңӴ˿𣬿뿤ξƜWְλƣҲˡ
˿𣬿禱ҶʽΪ飬ܹҲλӣȻġ
ͬʱξƜWҶʽΪָʹܹ£ļѵδְĽ˷ˡ
ְĿغͿξȻȻҲ͹ˡ
ôƜWȻ־γ֮ţȴǲʵ񣬿ڸõľ
ĿǰҶԣѾ㹻ˡ
Ҷֻƶһ͸ϸڣصλ󳼣һŲܡ
ȻҲ˺ֲܡ
Ŀǰǧ˿ڣССĹԱҶҲ᲻졣
ĿǰҶѲ˾Ѳڶ·Ѳʹʹİͬʱαĵ٣мԱ֮Ȩ
ĴСǰͱԱϵΡ
Ҷʱ䣬ļӣǴϣһĿģ˴롣
ְķչ֮ǰķչ飬Ҷ涨˴հͿɡ
ǾԱȻֱӵ뱱ؾ񣬽н˷ˣ徳ڣո
֮Ȼбҵ̽һһչ
֮ǰĺ͹̵ߣҲհᡣ
ƜWڣҶЩߣִܹ
ʱУķչ١
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뿪֮ǰҶһεټ˱ָʹƜWеٷİ
ˣЩҲ㾡ľҲǿڱֻҪİ£;Բǡ
Ҷֱ˵ĿڣæվӦõġ
ˣһ仰İµԼˡ˵꣬ҶĿ⿴
ЩسɲеҲﱸľġûоְôȴͷˡ
ѡһӣ뱾¾һ֮󣬱һӾľλ
Ҷһˣ˼Ϣ֮󣬲ͲĳҶ£ߵлҶ͡
һ߼ѫλѾⱲӵˣû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼֱӱ֤
Ĺ尡
ⱲĶ
û뵽ͻȻ䣬͵ˡ
ƜWİˣоԣԼѡԼƳĶѡһ֮ڣɱһӾľλ
ƜWİҶ֤Ǽĵ¹л
İԼҲѫλģξĵͼѫλ֮ǰδҶ֮ǰʵʵսƴġ
ǣѫλҲѡ
İⱲӣŪУУѫλͶˣ֮Ľѫλ˧ѫλˡ
ھλ붼û
ĸжжǧδһܷ
ͻȻҶŵʱͼ֡
Ϻ񰮣±ظͿԱİ
ú£һӾѣűпܡҶĻþϵˣѾĲ֡
һĻҶ֪ˣǳˡ
ҶһձΪ˳գʹֶΡ
İƜWԱҶ꣬ŹԹİ¡İҶǸ˲ŵǳ
ģδˡ
չˣҶˣҲǳ졢һĸˡ
⣬˶ʮħ徫׳ūվͽӺȽ֮󣬿ְĿģڿˡ
ЩħūޱȣʢһʮһпۻȫӸǸɣһҪס
Ҷ鶸رȻܹڿ˵ˣвβʳ﹩Ҫﵽ˳ɡ
Щɶ۵Ĳ÷ǮͶÿһħūɶܴ˵ļֵף
ҵף
ռڵʮħūҲҶеҪĿġ


2221 ֮
ԺɽһͻأĴи֡
иֵɲǣԺڸڵĴʦǣ׷иһ㣬Ӵ߾߳
еʮȻһȻߵ·Ⱥ
ͬһɲǣԺԺǰԺơ
ǣ֪УǰԺԺ֮ȻĪϡ
κˣԺڲԱʱҲ޷ǰԺԺ
ͬʱٵޱȵԪʼԺڲ·һ㣬˲ϢͽԺڲߡ
һޱȵĵעӳֵԺڲ֮ڡ
һ޷ݵĸϢԺڲ𣬴˿̣ԺԺ·Ĵ½շָΪһ硣
ַָɵɲǣϢޓͶ˸߿е
һºдſ񱩵ޱȵϢ١
Ȼûκ˿ϢĽ٣һյĸоȴͬʱ˵ͷ
ţһԼԼͷ
ûͷ
׵ĸо¾˺üΣʦŵѡ
һ޷ݵоͷİľԺɽͷĻľһɲͬʱʼ賤滨ݣͬʱʢ
ҵȹӭɽ٣дʦʥزͬڳʡ
Ҳһɲǣػʹ֮ڣ۵ʼ¡̧ͷĿ⿴ϵǬ
˿̵Ǭ΢Ĳţɢֻʼ¡Ŷĺ⡣
ǡͬʱˡ
飬Ԥ⣬ȥش׼ʼ¡̧ͷķЩͷ۵üġ
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ڼܹ㳯ոӦ𣬾ͨϯռ˾¡
ش׼ҲӦˣ롣ʼ¡˵
ûãϯռ˾Ҵҽ鷿Ҳ񣬾ͼ£ʾϢǬڡ
ʼ¡ɨ˰һۣһ޾͵ñǬ£ǵģ޵ģ
˵أҲģ
£ϯռ˾ٴγҾף£أܹġ
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Ǳ²ܣǾͿԿҴ֮ߡ
˵ϯռ˾ٴγҾף£ǬڣδҲǸǵһ壡
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飬ڼǬ
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׹ƵĹӰһڣǱ֮ӰǱˣʥɽɽ
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˷٣Ϊ˴߶˱ֱӲ̽Բ¡˻д˷Ӧ
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ɽɽͶӰһߣָⷨãͶӰһԵĶŷм֮С
䣬м̷ɿıţĴħսĹӰеǰߡ
ʿƴɱѪս龰·һмбá
ͶӰٴ߳һȥ
ӰʧѪҪΣʼڽϢֻҪһܿ
ҲѪҪµοʼɲǣ⻪е˵ɲǣеһ̹⻪ڣѪⶸƾճ֣ѪҪڱεʵʵ˵׷׳ɢ
תۼ䣬ɽɽ˷ͶӰе̣ͱѪɫܲһƬʲôҲˡ
ɽɽͬʱһٴ߳µͬʱע֮С
Ӱķһŭȣָһãеٴοʼá
һΣֵħսȫûȳ֣ѪٴγܲڣԻĹ⻪ģ
Ѫ
һٴβŵĴ߶ܹ֪̣ط
Ľȴɽɽ鶼
Ĵ½ļط֮⣬ѪڳɢҲС
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ˣΪաعʧ٣ѪҪһ£ڶȨ޵̫ϳ˳ű߶ѹ˵鱦̣Բ쿴ҳƾҪ
û뵽ȻѪڱλˡ
ڱλҪҪǣҪ֪ڱλΪģһ׹ɽɽ˵
Ѫд֮ף׼˵
֮ף
ٴγǴ˴β쿴֮𣿡
´ңߣѪ֮¾˴ף˽硣ٴ˵
ͷڹ𣿡ɽɽֱʮǰҪһȥѾΪܹ̣ͽ鲼ĺӶ⸴˰ɣ
һҲʾЦҪǣĴ½õŹ⸴𣿡
ˡ
ֹ˶˵ִʮ֮ǰ飬˵ˣȻ֣ҵһ
⣬ʮ֮һδ֮ף£ҵȻʾɡ
ʾ棿ƣԵ
ɣɽɽͷͬ⡣
ǾɸԱʥʾɡ˵꣬ɽɽͬʱ˫ۣе̣ɢ⻪Ժĸڲ
ͬһʱ̣Ĵ½ħսߵʥɽϵħڣϴΪħʦߺһõ֪ħʦϣٴ˫
̵Ϣ
ʲôҪ𣿡
˼Ƭ֮ħʦϣͻȻڣȥ׼ѪϷҪѪӳ֣ԸӦ


2222 ʥ
ԺԺڣλʦʦʮʦĬĬʥزͬԼҵš
ͬһʱ̣һյʥڣǧĴʦ԰ƵʦʦҲĬĬԼҵš
ۿʥزֱͬ۵ɽɽΪ׵ϡ
˵ںһ𣬻㼯һǿޱȵ־ֱʣյ
ҲڴʱǬڵʼ¡͸ǬϷϢ仯þ
ǾȻͨ棿
Ҫʲô
׷ʲôˣ
˿̣ʼ¡סǬĹؽڣȻЩˡ
ͬһɲǣϯռ˾еȨȣͻȻɢ˴ĿĹԡ
壬Ҳֻϯռ˾
ǣֳǬǬڣһκˣ٣Ҳþ¡
˵꣬Ҿһ񣬰ֵ£ҰǬУϳת׼ӦˣԷб䡣
ȻӦʣڰ̤ǬڵɲǣȨȹ⻪һͻΪһʧ
䣬ɷʲôûУйģǬڣѯ
˾Ԥ˿Ҳһ±ơ
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氡Ǵ˵еĴڣ·˰
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Ժ˾Ԥûҳʲô飬ֻӲͷƤظʼ¡
ڣϯռ˾ĺɲǣ˾̵ʱڣڸ֮УԸеķʽӳֹͨսꡣ
ڳ˿Ŀռ䣬˯ϢǿߵķеĹҵķ⻪Ȼ
͵һ£Щ⻪ͻɢڳ˯ǿߣ㶼ᱻѡ
ͬʱֲص˾׷׽ӵԸԵطڹǰӳ֡
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ͬһɲǣڣϯռ˾໺˫Ŀ⿴еȨȡ
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գʱǰʾĴ֡
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˳Ȼ˳ӦˣǰеĴ֡
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ʥͣȴ˭ܿġ
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ֻʥͽͬһ㣬ɽɽ˽ʥ̺ĵ־Ϣϸϸš
Լһʱ֮ɽɽͬʱ̧ͷʥ͹ӽ淨ּ
ͬһɲǣʥУΪɢڿС
Ϣ֮ɽɽ˷ֱ𷢳һһԸϵӵָʾ
ɽɽ·ָʾ֮УͬģҲвͬġ
佫𣬴λҵ൱ȥ׼Ե
ƣ
ɽɽ΢΢һδɢ
ߣһƢԣ佫أȻͷڹΪϣ˴δ䣬Ҷ򽫳ɽɽһҲɢ

ա
У˼ΣɢΪ㡣


2223 ׼
ʥɽħ񹬡
λħĵļ̳ϣǧλ֪ε֪ħʦڼ̳λ
׷ü֪ħʦϣ˿ڼ̳ߴ
էһ֪ħʦڼ̳ɵΣһһ㡣
ң˵ģǽֵ֪ħʦݡ
֪ħʦһˣ֪ħʦˣ֪ħʦʮһˣ֪ħʦ߰ٶʮˡ
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Ѫûпʼײ֪ħʦ޵Ϣ̳ͨһϻۡ
գ۵˼̳Ϸ֪ħʦϣϡ
˿̣֪ħʦϣ˫ۣƺ۹˸ޱȡ
һۿȥκ֪ħʦϣĻ£˺֡
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֪ħʦϣһȣ˷ħʦ˳ÿħʦУøֶʮūޡ
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˰ٶʮλ֪ħʦɵ޵Ļɫ⻪ͳͳ˵֪ħʦϣڡ
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֪ħʦϣüͷͳ·һ֣
ոֹͣѪٴοʼС
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һһޱȵĽɫıԴѪЩ֪ħʦ·ҪǮһ˼̳֮УȻѸٵı̳ա
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ڳĳȡӳ£֪ħʦϣĻ۹⻪ԽԽѾ͸Ѫ⣬ص
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ȡ׼ʹֹ֪ͣħʦϣرޱȡ
ϣУ͸Ѫ⣬ѪħսѪУɫ⻪á
ڵĵ⻪仯ͣǣħ󷽴ħ˵ĺɫ⻪ȴرһ¡
û֪ħʦϣٴοȥոձ͸Ѫ±úٴαڱΡ
֪ħʦϣôŬҲһ˿һ
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֪ħʦݼһȺ͸
˵䣬֪ħʦϣȻʧٴ¶ʱϣȻħʹϷ
һĻħ߲㣬޲Ȼ
һʮū߹ޱȵ֪ħʦ׼þϣ֪ħʦ׿ʲô


2224 ϵ
ģڱΪصһеһլԺܱߣݿķ⽿ޡ
ȣȺǴӸ߿пһۣʮլԺҪռ߷ַ⡣
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Сèɢİ벽ϢֱӺĳĿɿڴ
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ʱڣҶҲֻһĻϵط򣬰ϵط
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һϵطĲ򣬻˵֧䣬Ҷս
Ҷϵطڻϵطһ
Ҷ潫֮Ϊơ
طֻ֮ҪҶһҶԪӰ췶ΧڣԪеĻ˲ϢͿ԰Ҷ־˶
޷˳ȡʹãǼǿԼĻϵ֮ͨУǳá
֧һϵط֮Ҷ߶Ƕģȼϡ
ȴࡣ
ûϵͨطߣͷǳĹãǵ޻ߣп֮Ч
ǶԷҲǡɲط򣬾͵ÿ˭ԪΪǿˡ
ĿǰԣǿĻϵǿߵ£һط򣬿е㼦ߡ
ΪҶƵطֻǵͼƣྫ޻ϵĵǿߣãѾطмƵطҲв
֣ҶͻȻףΪʲôع𡢾ЩĴʦȴ˫ϵط
仰˵·ؼʱ̣Ҫһվȡ
Ҷ뵽Ƕһطôͻ仯ͬУսѹ
طϵУ߼ط򣬿ޱȵѹƵͼط
ϵͬʱһͼطĵʱ䣬רһϵ˵Բһ߼
ǿרһϵĸԭ
Ҷ·ֲͬ
ԣҶڲһϵ֮пܲһмǸ߼ϵط£Ҷѡ˿ʼϵط
ԭܼ򵥡
طǿǿ󣬵ҪӳҪǿͨϡ
ûǿͨϣطٶ࣬սҲǲǿ
͸ʽĹϵһ
ûоʽֻܷӳһоʽܽʮٱķӳ
ط򣬾ʽǿͨ
ĿǰԣҶڵΪϣûпǿͨǣǰЩƿؿռУҶȴҵʦ½ڵһܿǿϵͨ
ԣڲתϵط
һϵطϣټһʦ½µϵͨԿҶսɱ
˿̣ҶȴҪֹ
ȵô꼱Ҫ񣬲ٴγʱ
Ҷʱֶ


2225 ǳ
ϣ㽻ĵһʮħūȻȫְɶԷա͹УʮˣڲŹ¡
յڡĿǰĶܹܳգڿڣҶ·
ˣڶʮħūҲѾ׼ϣӷأͰ˵Ľ˵ְеūҲȫ׼׵
һԵĸǾû𻰣æҶǰˢһ´ڸС
ĸǾǳ׵ķڷˣҲû˼ֻϣܹҶʶάĿǰĵλ
ںĴ½ʮ꣬ǾѾԼĻҲԼλá
ףںĴ½ֻһʱԱС䣬Ҳ½Ժ绽ꡢһԶĴڡ
෴ģĿǰͷһҶ棬ѾɳΪĴ½Ĳǡ
⣬˻θħūȻԤһ֮󣬾ܹöһϡ
ֿʯһ⣬Ǽƻ࿪ʼˡ˵
˿򱨣Ҷĵ˵ͷǾǵ½¥ˣ񣬴ľ
ţĲúȶǽ֮ڣұһأһΪͻƵ
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ŵ˵ֻᵱţЦ
Ҷ˵ȴޱȼš
Ҷݵ漣ǿۿģ
ʮūҶܹɵħūļˡ
˵ūҶ渺
ҶĿǰĵֻ̣ҪЩūʼ˵Ƕʮ򣬾һūҶҲ
ؼǣħūǹĻЩˡ
ܹ壬ħūߣ
Ǵøǧˣ˼ˣǱȽ϶ˡ
ҶԸķϣһ¶ʮħūͱȽϳˡ
ҪģҶһδӽŪʮħūΪ͵ģҲһء
֮ЩħūֻҪװѵһ£齨ɾ
ʱ򣬱˵ƾ鷳¾ʼ¡Ҷġ
Ǿ͵òʧˡ
ȻҶҲδû˼
ҪҪպʮħūװһ£ɿսľ
ʱħūȥڻңܱñĶȥҪõĶࡣ
ʣµĶʮħūҪһֱռڣʱ䳤ˣҶҲ
ңô˴ռڣǲôܹħūǳԺŪضһƬռѬ졣
˵ǰ飬ҶԸҲЩܲˡ
ְħū˴ϣҶ뿪˶Уֱɵ
ҶʣµĶʮħūдħ̫µĽĺʣҶ涼Ҫͨɵ
Ȼ˵ҶĶѳɹģڶʱڣ˺Դ֣δ
ңҪģҶ沢ҪЩӶĺʱ֣ҪȡԼԴ
ЩԴҲֻɵڶʱռṩҶ档

ɵɽ䭵ĸۡڡ
ҶִʱɽѾӭſڡ
Ҷħսյִɵԣһ棬ɽһ׻ͽҶŪͷֱë
˵ϣ⻰˵ľͼˣ㻹ǽҶ棬ҶС̤ʵ㣬ҵôģ㻹𣿡
˵ˣҲõһԱأˡҶ治
ɽһӭҶ棬һЦõһԱҶ⼸ɹõһ񣿡
ҶŲһ٣Ц¶ˡ
һһõӵΡ
Ҷ⼸꣬ȴʵЩæµ
֮ǰѰҲһ£ߣͻЭħսһ£ȻȻҲ׵Ժˡ
ϣıǸ
ҶһЦ治µģ⼸꣬ʵⲻϣ̫æˡ
ڰԼˣҶ滹Ƿǳ𾴵ġ
飬Ϸŵġɽ˵
ǲѾóˣҶѯʵ
⵹ûС
ɽ΢΢һЦȻû񣬲ôҲɵʷĵһλʮʤףɵЩӰ졣
ԣʾ֮󣬾ͽݻΪõĿ䡣õĳԱҲٳе
ʱˣתصݣҲ
лΪҲٳ֡
Ҷ֣صлҶɽȷʵΪǡ
һֱΪɽ䭾ͶҶΪգȻҶ治֪ԭ򣬵ݹնԣҶ滹Ƿǳмɽ䭵ġ
ǺǣлϷϷҲֻΪһǱЩӰĿ䡣ɽ˵ĺֱס
ˣιϴ˵ħūģɽʵ
û
ϣЩһҪʣӦܹԵ°ɣ˵䣬Ҷݳһ嵥
ϣûɵԲµĻ
ɽһŵɨһҶ嵥˲Ϣ䣬ɽ䭵Ǿͳ鴤
ô࡭ϴһ𣿡
Ҷ˵ǣȻ˵
ʱܳ𣿡Ҷʵ
Ǻǣⶫȷʵ࣬ٶʮҲԵ£˵ɣҪʯҪõ鵤ɽʵϾǽõӲͨˡ
ʯ鵤ʱҪҪɽǳˣҶ˵
˲Ϣ䣬ɽ䭾סˣ


2226 
Ҷطƿ֮󣬲ڵĿռٴνһֿռ䡣
һֿռڣдʦ½ղƷ
ܶ࣬һҶûмĸָҩֲⲿֶڵطƿĵһʱ䣬ͻ˷ɻҡ
鱻ʱڲʱޱȵĻʮҲЩҩֲ˷ɻҡ
ʦ½ղصװżӦղأҲɷɻҡ
ģЩԳñĵر򣬸ϡŹֵĿʯղء
࣬Ҷ涼ʶ
һʱڣҶ滨ʱϸĽǧͨһ顣
ЩУһʦ½˵ţеʱŸϵ
ʮ򣬼¼ǸָĹͨʺĿǰҶ
Ѿû壬ҪĸߣҶʱ޷
һ򣬼¼һΪĹ
ǳ׵ķ
а񹦷һɽְɽͨһ⣬ӡķһ
Ҷϸжûã;ҪҽԼպ޵Ĺ֮һ
ȣƷĸߣҳɳԼߣ۷壬ãܣųĵر£ֹ
Σ֮£ɽͨӡ޵ĵرȻ󣬵ֻȽϴ
һ㣬ǱȽġ
ߣ׵Ĺࡣ
ҪģȴҶԭ
Ҷϵʵƫơ
Ҷϵ֮УǿģˮԼľ
ƽսУҪõҲϵͨ
ϵҪǺ鱦׹޵ܡ
֮£Ƚ֮⣬ϵϵԱȽ˵Ƿǳ
ҪԭҶϵϵϵûǿĹ֧ͨţٶá
ϵãҶ浱ĵһĽͨҲãɽýϵá
žԡ
ΪҶĽϵĹΪͨҲͨ
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е
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һĵ齣ٸϵܲУɱޡ
ҵǣĽ裬ڼȸ֣ϵǿá
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ϵΪҶΪʱտʼãԴΪ֮ͨ󣬾ͳˣûù
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һֱıȴûҵʵĹ
õĹΪԽߣԽңԽϧ
ԴѰ񹦷Ҷ˼
һɣǲҶĶԵֶθӵķḻܹҶһɱС
һ׵ͨɽʵǿͨУֻеȡ
ӡɽͻɱı
Ҫǣʦ½ķƵӡܼ޵һֱ
Ҷؼʱ̣ѡ񹦷ĸԭ
ֻǣͨɽӡҪɽǳˡ
Ҷҵɵ
ҶĿǰԴǿҵһɽǳˣԸɵĶԱ޷ȡ
ҹɽ䭾͸ҶٿɽˣʮŵˣǳˣʱûС
֮£ǳ˾ޱȵ
ǳˣǿһǳҲһľˡ
ϣһʧȥ˾ˣò˶ãͻӭͻ
ԣǳޱȵͨСľˣǳĺ
ܲҵ͵Եˡ
ЩˣӦùüˣţ»Ϸһʱϵ㡣ҶߵӶԽĽ֮ɽ˵
鷳Ͼ죬֪ǧս֮ʣҼҪʵҶ˵
İɣ£ɽ䭹Ц뿪
ţ˵Ѳѣ˵ײס
ҪţҪӵ֮УӦҵһ˿Ԫ
Ԫֻڵģһĵڡ
Ҫطӵ֮յһԪɾĻ
Ϊ
ڴ߶ԣʱģȡһԪǴӵҵԪ
һҪҵֻռһֵԪҪһĹ
Ҷиոյɽ䭵ĵˡ
УԪҪռеһС롣
ֱʡȥѰһʼȡԪ
ʱռڣһöͷСɫϢĵ˸Ҷ
һֻͷ˿˿ȴޱȵɫϢҶɫԪ֮ţٶᶨϽ
ʦ½봫µת䣬Ԫʼת
ɲǼ䣬ܵ˴ʯһ㣬ٵĻԪ֮С


2227 
һԪ֮ת£ȫٵתΪ
һʱҶеȫתΪ
һתɾ֮Ҷ΢߶֮£תһȦ
ʱʾΪ֮һ䣬ޱȵĺء
һۿȥĺȴСδ䣬ȴ֮ǰʮࡣ
˿̣ȻΪ
Ҷɹ
ֻɹ֮ԭȳ˿ֻԼʮ֮һĿռ䡣
ҶΪˣƷϣӵǿ
ʮתһ
ǿȻƷʣĶʮ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣҶĵһϵܣͱ֮ǰ˶ʮ
ͬĹʮ
ɴ˿ɼĸ
һҶʵ쭡
ÿһɢһɽʡ
Ҷ浹Ҳֻһʱ䣬ſ
ԴҶڵûʮ칦򣬾ȫ졣
ǳʵá
һΪȭһȭɽʯСģһ̶ȣһȭǳ
ȭƼ򵥣ֱֱȥȴ̺塣
ԣǲʵϵطһȭֻҪؼ仹˾޴ӶܣֻӲӡ
ڶΪԪܣ
һԪܣɽ޷ơ
ҪǣΪӶӡ
㹻ǿԪܵķ鱦ܹӡʹá
Ϊս塣
ҪطܹӦϵطôս壬Խ츳
ֻҪ˫վڴϣͿԴԴϵע룬ڲ֮ء
ҳط֮£ͿԺɽӵзǳǿķ
Ҷʱû
ҶĿǰҶĿǰ֪޳ս壬᲻Ӱķӡ
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ѧеǰҶǳţҪջ۵Ļˡ
Ҷ濪ʼͬʱеͨɽԼӡ
֮ͬʱУҪΪɽͨӡ벻һǾǡɽǳˣ
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Ԫһɽǳ˵ĺ֮һ˵Ǹ
ǺĴ½֮УֻҪɽֻҪǴأĺƵԪ
Ԫеɽǳꡣ
ֿ໥Ӱ졣
һɽĳɽĳɽƱãִڵص׺ƴĵ֮С
ףӵеԪѵ⡣
ͨɽط㹻Ԫ
һãͿͨɽͨӰܱߵɽܱɽΪá
ʩչͨʱǡһɽϣôͿԶݵĽɽΪã˵С
ɽͨؼһء֣
ڵ߶ԣ֡ءƵ˺һɽɽʮɽǿɿסġ
ǣɽͨһ˲Ӱ߽赽Ǽʮϰɽһƴأ
ɱͺܿɹˡ
ɽͨ׾һ仰һ򷨣
ͨɱ󣬵ҶɽͨӰﵽԲʮǷԲǾͷǳֲˡ
ɽͨӰ췶ΧĴСؼ͵ÿҶӵеԪˡ
ҶӵеԪ㹻࣬ʩչͨʱܹӰ췽Բǧɽ
֮£Խ赽ǳ֮
ƿֲ
⻹ǽ衣
ʦ½ϸأɽͨʩչʱСʱֻǽܱ߷Բʮɽ֮
ܱ߷Բʮӵеɽ֮Ͼޡ
ҷͨĵص㲻ܹͬõͬɽܷͨӳҲرڹؼԵʱ̣Ӱܴ
ǣܹЯʮǧɽأ
ʱһɽͨ˲Ϣܹܱ߷Բɽ֮֮ӳ֣ܹЯĴɽӳɱ
ȻЯǧɽǻûܹ
ļλּ伸ǧɽԻҷ𣬵ȴһܹЯǧɽ
ǣпƵӡȴԡ
ӡɽǳΪϣϵƣطԪӡӵɽһɣɾ
һɽƵӡ룬ɽͨļӳ£ͿԱһɽ
ͨɽ㹻ߣôһɽƵӡҲԱǼʮɽĺ֮
ӡҪҲΨһĵرɽǳˣ
ңʦ½ע⣬ϣֻҪ㹻ɽǳˣôӡͿһֱ޵


2228 һս
ӡȫһ
ҪǿĻӡȴҪۺԪ
עԪ֮һɽӰسҶǰ
һ߳ǧĴɽȥء
˿̣ҶԪӰ£ɽ˵ĴСʼҶĿ£仯
ͬʱҶ水ӡط߶ɫԪ֮ɽӰ֮Уʼ߶ɽӰ̸ָ·
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Ҷɨһָۣļӳƣʮ֡
ÿƣɽСͬϰٵ
˶·̣Ҳɽܹӵɽĸԭ
׼ȷ˵ǳԽ
ҶУʮֹǧŰƼӳ֮ɽѾɱһŰĴӡ
־ȥ̩ɽĴӡ
쳣
ǧŰƣҲһ
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ҶɫԪ飬֮һҲҪһԼʮӵʱ䡣
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£ÿʮϢһĻһɽ˵ƣҪµʱ䡣
ң⻹ҶӵǿɫԪ¡
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ҶĿǰٿɽˣȫҪһʱ䡣
⻹ֻǳӡ¡
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ʱһֺͨģҶУҶĿǰѹûôʱȥ
ҵǣҶʱռ䡣
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Ҷֻʮʱ䣬Ҳ൱ǧĿ๦ˡ
ԣ죬ȴѾ죬ҶѾһɽɹ
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ҶĵһɽˣӡĻҶ滹µĹԪһɽ˳ӡģ
ӡͨɫҾʰ⻡״⻡ݺύָһһС
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ӿ룬ɫ΢һʱ͵һ١
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ɽǳԽ࣬Խ
ﵽһ̶ȣͿԴʦ½Եһ򷨵ľ硣
ʲôͨطֻҪӡط㹻ǿһ򷨡
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ҶתɽͨطȡɽеԪȻٽȡԪɽ뵽ӡ֮С
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ʮŵˣҶ·ʱԽԽ죬׵ںҲҪʱ䡣
һˮĥ

תۼ䣬Ʊãʱתۼ
ʱڣħսħ巢ǧսۣеͿ
Ȼ˵˫ˣǾĿǰ鱨ħ巽ƺڳ
ôܸ߶Ƚš
Ŀǰζԣһǧս۵Ĺģƺǧս۶Ҫ
ƽţսƣȴûбϵôš
ԭҲܼ򵥡
һεǧսһʼܺħľţͱ˼ҵս
˫ʤˡ
ʹʹ£ܶԷΪս©޲Ĳˡ
ħĹƣҲΪ֮һ
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ڸֲսϣҶǰ˭Ҳռ˭ˡ
£ս־һֶ״̬
ȻսȻڼ
ģС̽ԵĹӶ࣬һʱڣ˫ʵ
ǣħսѾȫˡ

෴ģĿǰΣħսΣյʱҲΪ
˫ѰҶֵ
ʼ뷽跨ĸ鷳ȻץסһͻϮ
˫ľӣ̽ӣѾ񾭽˼¡
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֮£ҶѪҪ󣬲ĵ鲢
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ڶѰսһʱ
ѾףҶµѪҪһսܹġ
򵥣ѪҪڣ鷳ģڲ


2229 Ƿծ
Ҷ뿪һʱ䣬ݡˣ
һ͸ѪҪֶ
µ㡢ϡ
ǣҲǳصġ
פ˴ĵפѪҪܱߡ
ĿҲܼ򵥣Ƕƻ˵ǣĸ֡
Ҫɵǿ߳ǲ˼ҲС
Ͼͻдܺĵǿкĵǿߡ
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м¼˵֪ģ̶̰䣬ѪҪĵ֣һǧ˴Ρ
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˵˼ƣмƶˣøĻðһЩٵļ̽ס
ҵǣҶ뿪֮ǰ͸˾ƶ˼ϸľ棬˾Ľټȫ
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ңѪҪʵо¹ƣ͸ֶٶ࣬Ҳ޷С
㡢졢ţ֣ʱЩ٣Ҳ˵ʱдĸְбҲûκΰ취
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̽ʧܣҪ½ȥҲ֮
ЩټٵĶŲţǴĸ濼ǣҲ
Ͼ˻ԿˣҪƤѪҪ͸Ǿ൱˺Ƥˡ
ңʱټʱʱȻȥһ࣬ٵȸʱ䣬Ҳȵ
͸ͣ
ڰﻹûУǾ֪ˡ
٣ѪҪķ͸ѹû֮ǰôˡ
֮£ԭĺģͷǳýˡ
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ѪҪ̽·ֵؾԭִƻ࣬ԷֳȨȣһħս󶼶
ϯռ˾ֳ࣬Ȩȣϴ´鳼
ˣʼ¡ᣬ˵Ǽԭ
£ļԭݣԭûض˵ȥ
ֻͷڹ꣬ʼԼѪҪĻԪ˧ӿıΪ
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ǣǴܷ棬øӵĽ
ȻͨѪҪͣ͡
ЩҶż֮ͨ㻹Ѳ˾˽⵽鱨
ʮ򱱺˾ѪҪأҶǿޣҲһԱ̫̫ʱ䡣
Ӧϵʽ֮⣬Ҷÿһ£Ҫ뿪ʱռһΣ˽µľƣԾǷ񷵻ء
ҵģҶһ뿪ʱ䣬ѪҪһ
죬ţ֣ʱˣҲˣҶҲʡĲ١
ҶһδʱռڽǱ޳ΪѪҪ쳣ҪҶ淵ء
ĿǰľʱڣѪҪڲû̫ıʣҪҶ١
Ȼ£ҪҶ١
ʮԪ챦Ҷ棬Ҳֻǰӵʱѡ
Ҷһ뿪ʱռ䣬ҪΪԴˡ
ʱ䣬ʱռڣǿ൱Ǳʮ֮á
ɽָҶһٿɽˣʮŵˡ
ҶȻȫӡ֮С
˿̳Ȼɽ䭽Դġ
ɽ䭵ĸۡڣҶСӣ͵ȵɽ䭡
㲻˰ɣɽ䭼Ҷĵһ仰
Ҷͷɽ¶һı顣
ȥǽЩɽȫ𣿡
ȫˣҲûôõɣ
ٿɽˣһٿŵˣҪǻߣܹ꣬㵹ãʱ䣡
̫ѣҲûôõθڰɣɽ䭵Ŀˮ絽Ҷˡ
Ҷ¶һ޹ı飬ٶȷʵеˣϣûҵǳأ
ǳˣ
ɽҡͷУҲûʱûУ
ɽأҶʵ
⵹ҵһ֣˵꣬ϵɽˣɵɨˣѾԽԽˡ
һʱ䣬ֻҵʮɽ˸ʮŵˣɽ˵
ҶĿһô٣
ΪǴײ˰һɽˣʹһɽĻ𣡺Ĵ½ɽģ˸ҽȡˡ
ϣϵɽˣȫǺĴ½֮á
ң磬߽ɽɾˣϾ籾Դ
յô࣬Ѿˡɽ˵
ðɣǾ鷳ϣչЩҾȥˡҶ
ԣɽȴ¶һ۵ı飬˵Ҷһ顣
ʲô飿ҶЩ⡣
ϴίиϷūԴʯȻȫùˡɽ˵
ùˣҶʶһ䣬ϣɽָҶ漷˸۵һ䡣
ùˣңΪֹǷɵʯĿѾƷʯ
ƷʯѾϷܸöˡٶ࣬ϷѾûǸȨˡ
˵ɽЩ˼ۺ룬аһǷծѾ쵽ˡ
֪ģɵڲ֮䣬ЩгϷŵծҪǲܼʱջϷͻ鷳ԡɽ䭳Ҷգһ۾
Ҷ氵вһܳȻǷծˡ
Ƿô࣡


2230 ù˭ù
˵ծҶЩΡ
Ȼɽ䭡
ɽ䭸ҶƷʯöȣ޻Ϊ꣬Ѿǰ˴æˡ
ҪȻҶҪֹˡ
£ʶȾҪˣɽҶ档
ƷʯϾųɾŵ˶ԣһСĿ
Ҷڡ
Ҷӵأˡ
Ҷµĵ졢̶ӡһ뵹ǳƷʯǴ룬ҲһٶƷʯ
Ҷ治ԲȲµ룬Ҳܻϡ
ϣԸһʱ䣬İɣҲġҶƶ˵
һ㣬ϷȻš
ɽЩΪȻ֪ΪˣĿǰһɽˣ޷ǰ㣬ϾϷȨޡ
ף
֮ҶصԼں׵Ǳ޵ص㣬˼
Ʒʯɲ׸㵽
ȻƷʯҲҶԸڰܹġ
ʮڰܹģȻüϽĺʺħū֮󣬻ǧһƷʯ
ңʮʱˣɲֹҶһ
Ҷʱռλ޼˾ʦηɰ׵һλ̡
Щ˵ԴҶӦ
ʮޣ˺Դ
Ҷ˺ʯǷƷʯծĸԭ
ȻջҲǾ޴ġ
ʮĿޣҶĿ޼˾ʦηɰ׽̣ܹóˡ
ھƺλʥѪˮһǰͰλҪ󣬷Ź鵽˱
ԭҲܼ򵥣Ӧǵˡ
ңЩڵĿޣЩѪˮΪ͵ģﵽڣΪߵģѾͻƵҲɳĵɿʹĳ̶ȣѾ֧ŵˮˡ
Ҷ棬ڵڿ˼ôծأ
ȣԸغ̶ӵ룬һŲҲǲֵǧս֮ʣҲծ
Ŀǰغ̶ӻƿصĺԭͷϹŲ룬Ҫ֧档
һµõķְĿ
ְ꣬һֱڳǮˮ˽·ũɽֶ˿ڱըԵũҵҵʼѾֲһ֧ˡ
óǮһꡣ
һְ֮ͻΪҶµĲԴ
һ֧Ǿˡ
˾ľáݡеģҶѪսϸ־ģ
ĵУֻвɣԴħս󶼶ڹò
ֿԸҶɵġ
ʣĳģݸеģȴȫ֧š
ԣص룬Ҷ治ܶҲˡ
ֻ취
ʱǮ죬ֻˡ
Ҷ뵽ģȥתһȦ
Ҷһҹ֮ʮһۡ˵Ǻ䶯أ
ȻǵʮһۡҶõ룬ҲûгƷʯ
οĴ¼֮صĸԼҵĲرġ
ȡ˵Ľѵķ
صĲƻ󶼲ţתڰȫޱȵĵǿڵСڡ
صκһ帮˵ûһˣǲܡ
ܶʱЩ壬Լǽ۷ߵǿߡ
ܿ챻Ҷˡ
Ȼ󣬾Ǳˮˡ
һˮˮʵ
ÿʮ궼ҪͷϴĹܹƻԼͲˡ
ûɶٵ塣
еģЩڴڰ׼Ĵڡ
籱ı϶ɵйǴղأǿ϶ֹƷʯ
ҶĿǰʵԸѣѵӱѹեƻ
˱Ĵڣƻ󶼴ڵĽڣûкõķҶɱ˱Ҳòһ˿һĲƻ
ңѾˮڵĸ߼ˣɱǿǵѡ
ҶɲӦħսħʱٱʦ
ԣʱֻܷܶˡ
ڲԺ󲻶
Ҷֻǲ濪սˡ
ħսս½Ҷ϶Ҫȥʰ˱ԩˡ
ȥ˱ˮʣܹٵĶ񣬾ˡ
ĺö̳ǸͣҶй⣬нӵƸĿܡ
պܴ
ǰصǳεĶţʥصɽ˵ĳ֣ػʹĽš
Ҷºͨ˽⡣
ǳֹҶ͸¶˺ܶҪϢ
ԴǼ¹ûʲô
ǣȴӲһֱ۾
׵ֳصķ̳Уǿŷ̳
ңЩֵΪս֮ǰפֵʦʹʦǿ
ͳֹƲ⣬Щ׵пһֱʥǱ޵ľӢ
ߵʦʦЩˣĸֺ;Ӣ
֪ҶĳЩΪĳֹⷽҶ档
ͷҲÿУҲܴ󰡣ҶЩʹĽָһ±ơ
ôծأ
أһĿҶԺ
ûٿǣҶ˾ˣ
ջбϣСѡѡ˭
ʱù˭ùҶһЦ⡣


2231 Ѫɱ
硣
ոմ߶ʮԪ챦ֱŲƵҶ棬е㷢顣
ֿŲƣһ¾ܹĵҶСڳ˳ϵ
УҶ漫ûаȫС
СҶ沢ûڵһʱչӶᣬʮԪ챦飬ʱռڡ
Ҳʱ
ֻҪڵĻָҶ㹻ĵ
ٱʱռ䣬ʱҶղĵΪѾ׻ָ
⻪˸䣬һӶӵѪþŵսʿػŵľսʿǣԼռڵٿ޼˾һŽٽ̣һΪ۷嵽ҵѲѲԣ
һνӽ磬Ϊ£
ģʽһһΪӲӺ䲿ӣԷֹӵ͵ָص㡣
ǽӵĿ꣬ȴ仯ţҶ˵
˧
ڶߡھλųͬʱ
ѪþУΪﵽ۷ħ꣬ԽԽ࣬ǣڶߡھУȴûһͻƵ
ҶһЩΣҲЩħͻƵҪһЩİ취ɣֻԺ취ˡ
ӵƷײ䣬һβһһΣҪĿص˿ϡ
һΣֻ²ħ壬һΣȷ²Ϊħ塣
ľ׳սħ壬ţħħħȵȣҲԷ²ء
ңһε˿ڷ²ޣ
ޡִҶֵɲǣʹţոհĽ磬Ҫһνѡ
ûҶ֮ǰ˵ĵùǸˣħ̫¡
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˵ҶŪĲƻծҪĲƻԴء
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ȣħ̫ӵ˽ĸޣңħ̫µĿǰħսǰء
պС
ңĲƸڽ籾ֻҪ֮Ҷܾܹӵƻ
֮ǰĿ꣬пҶæһ
ʵҶѡٴνӽĸԭб
Ȼ˵ǰҶŽһ顣
ʱ䣬ڲҲѻºĲƸ
ҶԣĲƸЩĵرʯ
ħ壡
ħ壬ÿһ²֮͵ɵΪūѸתΪĲƸ
Ĵ½عϡԴطȱ
ԣūһֱܽȱǸʵǿһٵħūһֱܽΣ
ֻҪӵ㹻ūܹҶ滻㹻ĲƸ
ô£ֻħ̫ٴεùˡ
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ػŵĸųȴǿˣʹˣôأִһνӵĶԲ
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һΣҶ沢ûϻش𣬶ǳ˼
Ϣ֮Ҷ˫üһ;Ȼ
һΣе壬ֻҪģһɷ²ģֱӷ²֮󣬴ְΪū
ģԽȫҶϣְΪ͵ľأʵо¹ơҶ˵
ǣ
ͬҶҲѪþš
һνʱչͬΪĽϸҶ滹Щ֮ʡ
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Щ˴ȥҶ治ὫΪūȥ
ãҶ½ְĵؼ࣬ȱˣ԰ǡ
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ݵĻҶǷޱȡ
תۼ䣬˷ֳСɢ˷
ٿ޼˾һٽŮһΪͬѲѲԣԼʮλŵĵ㶼Ҷߡ
ʱռôĿҶԴͶ룬Ҷ浱ѡ½ѡٿ޼˾һٽŮΪȻȫͻƵ˽
ΪӽһصزȣԽؾӶࡣ
˵Ѿ˿ɹʹĳ̶ȡ
ЩѲԸѲ񽫣ȫʱռڿ޳ѲԺѲ񽫡
һˣҶ浱ѡҪѲеĵϵȫǣ꣬Ÿʱռڷ
ֻѲԵĹȽ⣬һ˵УֻΪͻƵ˽
ֻǣǿ޼˾ǽŮԼһѲԣȻΪȻﵽǽ
Ҷ濴Щˣȫǲ
ȫûκʵսĲ
Ȼʱռжȴûһʵս顣
ҶɣǽصĿ޼˾ųȥܲսʤһλصļ˾⡣
ԣҶһ磬ǽӡ
ҪýĿ޼˾ŽٽŮϵѲԵ
֮ڣҪǼѪѸʵսɱ䣡
ǴӲѪɱ䣡
Щ˿ɶأЩʦηɰԴ⣬֧飬Ҷ涼һʮػսʿ
˶ԣȴ䡣
תۼ䣬ɢ˷ʮλҶߡ
ʮλҶҪţ


2232 
ÿһɽ˸ˣһɽǵľ
ǴɽǵֻҪ˴ɽߵˣôȴɽ͵ģϢı١
ɽȻǱ٣ָ֣𡢵һ
ͬʱÿһɽ͵ľˣıԴһ֡
Ȼռȷǳ٣ʧĶˣǸҲԪˡ
ԣеƿ߻ǿߵأκ˴ɽˡ
ͨɽˣϣȫ͵ĻƻԵĴȡġ
Ҳɽ˲ԭ
ڽ磬ҶɾͲˡ
Ѳƶ
磬ħ̫µĵؽʧ˱ԴҶֻơ
ۣҲֻħ̫ۡ
ҶµʮҶ氲ȥȡɽ͵˵ߡ
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ҪƣҶɳǧȥ¡
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£һλҪȡһɽľˣҲҪһ¡
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ԣʮλУΪߵ¸ˣҶ氲ȥȡˣһȽСĵ֡
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ĵȫȡɽˡ
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ƻԵĴȡҶһҲۡ
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ǳ˱Ҷȡˣǽͻ᳹׶Ͼ
꣬ʮ꣬ͻڸֱָУֱ׻
ʱ飬ܼʱӳȥȫҪ
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ϾһʼȡһǳˣŴĽУָԽԽܼĳ֡
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ɫĺУʰεӡʹҶԺɳ
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ӿ䣬ӡѾҶ潫ע˼£ͬһɲǣڣԪ˫͵ͬһԪʱ
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ӡɵĹ⻪ɲǣҶһָ߳ȥ
ʱӡͼǵĸҶ
ҶĿ߶֮£תͼܡ
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һӡ֮£Բǧ׵һУĨƽӡ֮ռ飬ص»ҳһǧľ޿ӡ
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߹ǡҲƽˣڸҲܵ𶯡ڵǿУ˰ɡҶϸĸӦš
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ҪǣһǣҶֻ߶ӡ
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Ҫ潫ԸĳˣҶҪˡ
Ҷ澲
ӡһУĽĵط


2233 㣿
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Ӧ˵Ѿˡ
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˵ʱܹħ̫ģʱ⵹ǰлѡĻħ̫ҲҶ档
ǰǳҾ磬ħ̫¶˷Ѿϰ鱦ʮԪ챦顣
Ľ磬һƽ٣Ԫˣ
ڣûлָ
ǣոյõ鱨ԪδǸӿħҶ棬ˣ
ͬǰһħѪħ壬һǧβһС
ոؽһ˾ƴ¼µӰУħ̫£Ӱ
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ȻΨһĿܣħ̫ȴķϣ
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ǣҶӰӶûм
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ңһҪǲԮҶĽӣҶģǽµĽ統ɺ԰ʹ汦⣬Ժ߾ߣ
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֣ħ̫θڳ鴤
ɲ
ǣʲô취
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ңĿǰս㲻𣿡
޵ֱħ̫ӣԸŷ
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ƺԮ治ɡ
ѵֻܵǸҶĽӵ뿪
˵ôħ̫ٴ
ͳܫһΡ
ƺûӡ

ڣҶ治ϵӡɽͨҶѾСĵĿˡ
ӡ֮ձݾͻ׷顣
ҶڵصձݣЩûг׻ָ
ͻأӡ͵һͣҶͷһ͵תͷ˽
һɢޱȾϢĺ޽ֱӽտռݣ˸飡


2234 С
Ϣʱ䲻СèʹҶԽ˳ǧľ룬ڽ
ôĿСèΪۻ纣һϢ֮ڿʩչͨΣһʩչٴζߡ
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ҪȻΪһὫѾʧ̫һһĽ󴫸Сף˵
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2235 к̫
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2238 ԭʼ
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ȻУΪϴεĿҪһˡҶ˵
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Ҷ͸ɽ䭳һٶʮħū
˺˿ūɽ䭺һææҵġ
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֮Ҷɽ䭸һٿɽˣʮŵˣ뿪ɵֱС
߸µʱڣȻҶǷծˣɵΪҶ治ͣѼɽˡ
ǳûκϢңһٿɽʮɽˣһµռ
ɽ䭵˵ռֻԽԽ١
ҶҲ֪ˡ
Щɽˣɽӡܹҡ
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ڶУҶΪϵħūִҴҵְֱ
ְڣżָʹƜWְعѾһɽڵȺ
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Ҷִ֮ܵİƜW˽ͷų˴ū
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ᱻȥɽۣȻȻ˵ĿɽħūЩˣҪȥɽʮ꣬תΪ񻧡
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2241 ̫
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2242 Ѫս
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˴ʱǴؾħ壬ɱۡ
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ѪڳڣֱӸǹ˽档
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֮ǰǹѪ˿ֻʣ±һ㡣
ҪԮҲޱһӶ޷ȴһĻ


2243 صͻ
ݵĳͷϣԺڼ׾Ԫ˧Ϊ״һݳͷҳɨ
ÿһγɨЩ˫ѪɢԵѪжᷢһ˵ĴԵ˻
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µĿΪĳ־һ壡
ħĴʬǳˮһȴ֮󣬳ͷϵĺڼ׾Ԫ˧ǣѲš
ͣķԵĵͺһκ˽ӴǸΧڣͻᱻǺĹ
֫ѾȱѪͣȴսֹ
һĻȷ׼˫Ŀᣬŭ˻˾
˾
ģ񣬰꣡
еĿǸԭʩչ
һλ˾ͷĿվ˳ƽǷ޻굤ʱʱһԷţ
Ѿûˣʲôطû
˭˵ûˣʩչطһ׼ֱӽ˾Ĳϣن£ھͶ㣡
ĭһļ˾ͷĿ׼Ҫһ˫ĿЩηĵ˵ͷǡԣ
Ϣ֮󣬸ָĶġ񡢰طһо˾зɳ乵ϡ
ֻǣЩȴû乵˵һ˿һ
ƽûκЧ
죬Ӽ˭ͣˣʱ׼һҪķһ
Σһڼ˾ͷĿʩչඨġط
ط£ϵʱϢȫޡ
ЩȴΪǱľѾ;ƿݣ
ͻȻ䣬һ̹ڼ׾Ԫ˧乵ڣڼ׾Ԫ˧乵Ŀⶸر˼֡
ơ׼
׼ϲԪ˧ָˣ
ǣԴЩ׾Ŀܣݣ
סˣ
ݡû
׼ȥס乣棬Ԫ˧סˣûû
һ£ͻȻ両һ˿οЦݣϱϲս˵Ҫûʧأ²
ţţ׼һĵͷ
УҵûˣûжʧҶӣӣ
һֳڣ乸ո˫ĿͱѪɫ
˫۱Ѫɫ¸ǵɲǣ乵ڣ͵ı
ѵһɲǣԶϻ
Ծ
Ҳڱϣ
ΪһûκǵҰޣ
׼Ȼô¡
˫Ŀˮӿ֣Ľڼ׾Ԫ˧乵ʬԭأվȻ֣ޱȵа
ڽʿ汾һͬͱԪ˧λֵܣ
һɲǣԮһںڼ׾ʿͺѹѹĹһء
У׼һ𣬡Ԫ˧ԣϲս
ͬʱΣսȫ¼Ӱ͸ϲսԪ˧
Ա壬ϲսԮ
Ԫ˧֮ŵԪ˧ԣ͵ǣת͸Ԫ˧С
ףԵԪ˧
һɿִȥҲʼĬĬĴɨսʬ塣
ͻȻ䣬һ˾üָŵѪü˵ûз֣Ѫƺڷɿ棿£ûôٶȰɣ
һʱڶ˾ȷ׼ע⡣
Ϣ֮һ˾ȷ׼飬ޱȡ
ѪٶȣȻԽԽ죡
ԣβԣ¼Ӱλ㱨˾ͷĿ
Ӱ¼Ӱٶϱϲսħս󶼶׼
Ҳ׼´һɲǣеѪһһ˲䣬ȫʧ˵档
ͬһɲǣеʬ壬ҲһɲǷٵĿήԭ壬˲ϢͱһƤã
⡭
һڼ˾ʿɫΣ̫ˣ
ͻȻ䣬Ϊߵļ˾ͷĿɫرò԰ָָŵصףصף
ص޷ݵĺĸڳӿϡãˡ
δ䣬ѪɫâǾһӵصӿдܵʿܵѪɫâĲ
Ѫɫ⻪У̺źѪɱԹɷฺһ壬ʿͼ˾䣬ƴĵֿЩ
ЩΪµʿֱѪĳ£ʧȥǣͷ·ʧȥǵҰһ㣬ܵͬŷ˹
ոհݣʱͱûޱȣ
ѪɫķΧڷٵţգۼ䣬һԲѪɫֱʣ
ķ֮ʣոճûõħԡѪɫĹ£һþϲ֣


2244 ֮
ػʹǬڣ
ʼ¡ˮ馡ϯռ˾࣬˾Ԥd^ջصλʱȫˡ
ͬʱڳģ顢ƴʯ޲Ϊ׵ľһɵ
˵ܵ۹سسصȨǣȫڳѲϴǧҲˡ
ǬһӰУһӰǬųһĨ⻪Уˮء
ϸͻ֣ᷢӰԭģԭķͶӰ
Ǭڷͬһ㣬Ǭѹһ˵ķͶӰֻҪ̤룬ͻʱ١
ԭķͶӰҪǬ⻪ֶǬάš
ǬŻرգǬڣʱ
߾ʼ¡һ䶼ˣôȿʧʱڼ׾ȷ׼ƴӰ򣡡
һ򻺻ƮǬϿգ󣬴ޱԵĻ棬ڴܳǰչ
ӳģǴӵص׷ӿѪɫ⻪
Ѫɫ⻪ڣеĴʿָܵӰ졣
ΪͶµʿзߣʹߣлߣжߣܵӰ켫
ڳ˾ҲܵͬӰ졣
ԭ˾ǣóָĸ
ңǵطͷЧģ
ǣĳĸ̫ˣ޾
˾ǼӳֵľǾػѪɫâĳ£ֲ˼ϢͻữΪС
Ҳֻнڵ˾ľػѪгһӵʱ䡣
еʿܵӰ졣
ΪѾߴ۷ȷ󽫸׼ҲòֳһԿѪ⡣
ͻѪ⣬úڼ׾ԮޱȣϾǾĻҹھٺ֯£ʼ׷øǽֿ
һתոΪƣ˵ħȻѪɫ⻪ԡ·ݡ
һڴܸ߲㾪ĿѪķΧڣЩħȻ˿Ӱ죬ޱȡ
ΪҪǣħУЩħ壬ǲѪӰ죬ЩħħʬħħӰħר޻һָħ壬Ѫ£ͣʵ쭣
ڼ׾һУֿ
ʵѪӰ̫ħ岻Ӱ죬棬Щħ壬Ѫ£ʵǣƵĻָٶȼӿࡣ
һһˣӰ쵽ʵֱԱơ
һʱոԮݵʮԮȫûȷ׼ѳ
ǴְﷶΧѪ⣬·һѪĻһѹдسͷ
䣬ôʼ¡Щɳƣ
ӵѾʱˡ
Ϊۻʣʼ¡ѾͻĵصѪĺȫ뵽ˡ
أ
ޱȵأ
£һӦԲãħսߣȫʧء
֮Խеسȫټ£ʵҲֻͨ£ͬʱٹ֮ӦԴ¡
£µ糷گǰڼܹ㳯ͻС˵
ʼ¡˵ͷ
鵽زҲˣҲסˣǲ
ѪҪص׷ֵشҲ˱빫ʱ
ֻҪԴ̫뵽ݵص׳Ѫ⣬ӦøѪҪص׷ֵѪϵһͬĴġ
Ŀǰյ״̬ѪҪص׵Ѫ֮ûбΪûл㹻Ѫ͸
Ѿڵһʱϵݵصײ̽õ˵һ鱨
ݵĵصףȷʵһѪҪص׵ѪһģһĴֻĿǰڱ״̬Ժҵ
ңǵ۷˿Ҳ޷ӽѾѪ
ԽӽѪӰԽ󣬽ӽʮﷶΧ֮ʱ۷Ԫ飬Ҫܵ޴Ӱ졣
֮ݵص֮ǰҲһѪҪص׵ѪһĴֻôʱ㹻Ѫ͸ˡ
ǣ֪ͷֵģѪһѪҪصףûбо״̬
һݵصףѾѾħռ졣
ôδ֪ûзֵأ
ͬѪħսصףж
һݵѪ󱬷ĳҪȫ߱һż⵶һϲսķ֮ڡ
ôѪҪʮأ
ҪЩѪһħսߣǻһ˲ͻǧٿף
һǧٿ׵ķߣѹһЦ
ҪǣĿǰ֪鱨Ѫصص㣬ޱȵء
ûб֮ǰеڿռвеؾռһɵصڣѹ޷ҵ֮ء
ҪȻֻҪϰԪǿĵħսصԪɨһ飬Ϳųˡ
ǣܡ
ѪҪص׵Ѫһڣ̫ˡ
ȻѪӵص·һܲĺˮУѪкֹǧ򣬶ʱ̱仯š
οˮУֻһڵطʽֿܵطʽ
صҵѪĿԣ̫ˣ
һеһУǬڵĴسǣüͷ۷׷ףҲ֮
Ҳڴܻʵۺسǽͷö֮ʣħʥɽϵħڣ֪ħʦϣľڣٴδ


2245 ׻
֣ħʱǰ£֪ħʦϣƽУȴ̺ϣ
Ȼ˵󲿷ʱ֪ħʦϣصħʱ£ٻħʶľ¡
ǣһʹдҪ
ִħʱôˣħʰ껣Ȼ֪ħʦϣ仰ʲô
£ûκεӣħʰ껾ڵһʱ䣬ᳵӵĳ֪ħʦϣľǰ
֪̻塣ſڣ̬ŵĺܵ͡
ħʰܹ֮ôħʱ̬ŵĺܵйϵ
ȻֻҪŵ̬ǰŵ̬ѡ
ħڲҪħʷŵ̬ˣָ
Ȼħʰ֮Էŵ̬֪ħʦϣйء
֨ѽĿУһ¡ü׷֪ħʦϣԴ򿪾֮ţħʰӭ˽ȥ
ħʰ껻ˣ֪ħʦֻˡ
֪٣֪԰кν̻壿֮ħʰ˫ֺʮĳ֪ħʦϣ̡
ħʱˡ
֪ħʦϣ໹һ񣬡֮ԽħʱΪϷ⾫֮ڣѹ˵컯ˣ棬Ҳӣ
һݽͰɡ
ǰߵӿѪ飬֪˰ɣ֪ħʦϣʵ
ħʰ껵˵ͷѾֻ֪ǲ֪ص󷨣Ǻ˺ʱȻ棡У֪Щ󷨣кãܷƣ
⡭
ħʰһʳ˺ü⣬Ȼ󣬾ͶĿ֪ħʦϣ𰸡
ǣ֪ħʦϣȴҡҡͷħʱ£ǸЩ⣬Ϸ޷ش𣡡

ħʰһľ㵣ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣ֪ħʦϣ֪Ļ
ħʱ²þɣϷѾħھŴƵ֪ħʦˣ֪ЩԶ飬Ҳ֪ħʦϣ˵
Զ
ħʰֵİյ֡
û󷨣ӦúܾԶˣȴİ˸ݣ
İ˸֣
ڵ꣬
ڵ꣬ħʰüͷѾ²⣬ȴ׶϶ٴʵ֪ħʦʾ
ħʱ£Ĵ½Ѿˣ
ʷأѾʮˡ
ʮħʣж֪ħʦϣٴʵ
ħʰЩȻʣѾĴħʣĴħỤ̆Խ֮ս֮󣬱δаһֱֹħս
ʮ꣬δд粽
֪ħʦϣпһȻ󻺻ô죬忪ʱѾ٣
֪ħʦָǰߵӿѪһ£
ûһʼõĿʼ
Ҫô
ӱǧսۣ֮սⷽˣеū֪ħʦϣ˵仰ʱ˵ޱȵȻ
ӱ֪ӵ̶ֳȣħʰüͷУǰߵӿѪһ£׻α仯
һͬӿѪĵص㣬Ǻδ

ӦθõصӿѪ⣿֪ħʦ֪ħʰһ˺ö⡣
ԣ֪ħʦϣҡҡͷʵЩ⣬Ϸ಻֪ϷȷʮпĴ½Ļᣡ
ͶٱϷ಻֪ǣֻҪͶıǰϾͻ᲻ϵĵӿѪ⡣
գصӿѪ⣬춯صĴ仯Ϊ崴ʮеս
˵仰֪ħʦϣͱ۾
֪֪ħʦϣϰߵħʰף֪ħʦϣ۾ʹŲٻش⣬ҪͿˡ
£ħʰ껶ᰲ뿪һΣħʰȴٴһ׵֪ʽһ²⣬ָ֪ܹԽ򣡡
۾֪ħʦϣԣӻһ룬ħʱ£֮£ϷѾ֪ң£ϷԸ϶Ļش𡣡
ħʰԣи־֮ɫû뵽Ϊδڣ֪ħʦȻ֪ġ
һԣĳ̶ֳ϶ԣʮֿµġ
ħʰ껻ǹ֪ħʦָ㡣
λ̳ѡһ£Ƶ֪һӲ棡
λ̫ӳΪλ̳ˣֻҪħʱϿɻѡĻλ̳ˣֻҪѪħѪôϷ򶼻ףͼӳ֣֪ħʦϣ˵
ˣʾл֪ˡ
ħʰֹٴζף֪ħʦٿͻ˳˾ᣬһΣ˲Ϣʧ
Ϣ֮ħټδսеʮоܹܵʹ˷

ʱռп޵Ҷ棬ǱԪ鰢ѵġ
ʱռǱ޵Ҷ棬ҲֻԪ鰢ܹϵ
ո˫ʹҶͷ䣬Ҷүģ㽻ҿǸСͨѶŲ͹ģעʮ𼱡
Ҷһʱͽ
һۣҶʱһͺȣԪҪתѪҪ
С̫ԪӰʱ֣ʮԪ챦飬Ҷʱռ뿪ͬʱ˲شҶԺɳ
Ҫȥ𣬴үģڿԺúõ˯һˡԪ鰢һϲŲ̵ӣʵ̫ˡ
Ϣ֮ҶӰԭʧӰ١
Ҷʧɲǣɵص׵ؿռڵĴڣȌΪ̫ϵǿ͵˫ۡ
ֳˣ


2246 ѪӾ
ϿգȌʦɵĳõ̫ϵķͶӰĿ磬޴Ԫˮйһ㣬ſܴڵϢ
֮󣬹ȌʦķͶӰջüͷ
ϢȻѾɢˡһεϢɢ˿졭
ǸӦʮԪ챦Ϣʱ򣬹ȌʦٶȽͶӰ͵
Ǹϵ֮ȴʲôûз֡
һ˿һҶĲϢûз֣ΨһԿ϶ǣ鱦ʮԪ챦Ϣȷʵֹ˿̣Ѿʧˡ
ôˣ
һҶʮԪ챦ӽתĴ½ǿŲƣڣװ˰˰²ʮԪ챦˱ƽʱĺʱ䣬Ųƹ
˴ĲϢ
һΣҶ˵װӣڵİ˰²Ѿò˵һεŲĿĵأѪҪ
Ųյ㶼ںĴ½ڣһεŲƲĵСʱҲֶֿ̡
¹Ȍλʦٶٿ죬ϵҶʮԪ챦ϢѾɢͨҲ޴׷١
ȌʦǲģĿͶ·Ķ
׷ٵǸˣ߶ʮԪ챦飬Ǹˣ᲻йϵأ
һˣȌʦ˵뷨
еĹȌʦĿһתٴ˶ϣһΣ˶ϡ
ɨһֵĶУȌʦϣ͸ʧ֮ɫ
һУÿ˿Ҵ̶ӵĻǽǿߡ
£ԶԷǽ۷ǿΪȥ飬ûκˣͽΪ˷
ԷȻƵɵкͶطûԺ˵Ҳٴγ֡
ȌʦѾ⣬ɳʮͽͽһ֮׷ѰûнôרɵкͶУֻҪٴγ֣һܹҵ
д뷨ȌʦķͶӰ΢΢һΣƾʧ

Ҷڽӵ͹ĽѶĵһʱ䣬ͻתѪҪ
˿̣ʵѾǬʼ¡ټس֮ĵˡ
ħս󶼶һϵеĽӰ͹ŸҶ淢˽Ѷ
ûвμӹǬˣǲ֪Ľݵġ
Ľ飬Ǿܡ
ǲμӹˣڵʼ¡ϯռ˾棬ĽԻϣԼӡ
ԲԽճݣй¶κˡ
µ֮⡣
ΪҪ¼ϱ棬ûڽԻϴӡҲ֤ѪҪص׷Ѫһ£ֻ޵ļλ߲㣬Բй¶
Ŀǰû֪ܵµĸ߲ǣȫڽԻϴԼӡ
ԣֻˡ
ңһ֪飬ܡ
֪飬Ͳˡ
ѪҪص׷Ѫһ£ô֪ˣ֪ܹܶá
ΪӦ£ҲΪӦԿܵı仯
ܻ˵ħս󶼶´˵һ
ʬ
κҶȺͷΧսս󣬱뼯зʬ
ս󣬴ӵĳ֮ɳľ޻ϵļ˾ʹĻϵޣս
Щϵ˾ͻϵޣǵҪ񣬲սڵһʱ䣬սսʬ壬ħʬ壬ɻҡ
ͬʱ·Ļϵеͼ٣Щ˾սзٻЩʬ塣
⣬齨սʱڴӣÿڴӵĶԱѸÿ˶䱸Ĵָ
սʱڱ֤Լȫ£ٶȽսͬźħʬ壬սָ
ȥЩơ
ǣȴǴһڸ߲ã˸׳н֮ߣ
ҿҶ淢ѪҪص׵Ѫ⼸ʱڣȻûг󣬵ǶѪԣѾ˽⡣
ѪҪضҪȡѪ͸
ôи׳н֮ߣȻ󣬵ȴһ̶ϣӻܱ鲼ħսص׵Ѫıʱ䡣
֮´׳нΪ̶ʱУܵԮѾڱѪǵݴͷѪ
Ϊ»ָҪߣҲΪ˲̽Ѫ󱬷֮ʵħսϲսرͼ¶ݡ
ǣ̶ʱڣսݵľʿĿѾʮ
ԭݵħھսֻ֮жʮ򲻵
ңħԣᵽݣܷӳݵĳǷ󷨣ݵַ󷨣Զᵽݵħ壬ûκõġ
ȵĽ¶ݵѶȡ
ԣвս˶ʮϲսһɳʮݡ
ݣͬʱо֮ѪĻᡣ
˴ļ˾·˸Ʒʵľػ
ǣȴ⵽˲Ұܣ
Ѫ󱬷Ѫ⣬ħļӳֵǿӵӰ죬еĻҪߵĶࡣ
ǵǿߣѪ֮УʵҲܵӰ졣
ңԽӽѪģʵܵӰԽ
ħЩħ壬ѪУսɱֻҪûֻҪһڣֻҪ뵽ѪƾܹٵĻָ
ãҲܱ
𺳵ǣһֻڵĹħĹͷɷĩһֻʣ°ߵԴĻӻѪ
һʱ֮һʹƴһµһͷ»תսս
գһεķˣʧܸգ
ɹȥʮ˾ħʮսһ룬ʮʬ֮ʣµĴ˴˵ӳԶݳѪӰ췶Χģ
һεĴܣô£ޱȵ𺳡
صѪӳ̶ȣﵽױȵĳ̶ȣһƻʵεľ
˵ģһ£Ҫ࣬Ѫ󣬲Ҫֻ࣬ҪߴħͿЩѪΪݵ㣬׵ħսȨ
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һܵľҲֻѾΪҶ棬֪ʸ
ܱߣķߴ˰Ĵܽţһ룬ħսӦܵΣ
ҪƳɵ£ܽţֱңֻʼ¡ָӵľš
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Ѳ˾ģ
Ѳ˾ѲѲתƵħս»СֻҪѰҲзһصѪڵĿܡ
Ѱȴûκοܣ
ݴѲϴǧţѾħս
ѲѲѲѲѲĴѲ³ħսǿͬʱѰҵص׿ܴڵѪ
˾ԤɳٵѲԣѰܴڵѪ
⣬ȻûǾ˵ڼܹ㳯ܵؼ࣬Ҳ˴֣ħս
Ҳɱħս˾
˵صѪıôļˡ
Ͼħսǹ
ЩǴơ
ϵҶ
һʼ¡Ҷ뵽ѪҪصѪоƽ֮С
֪ȨȨȵȡ
һʵǲ뵽ѪҪصѪϵԽԽ࣬Ѿ̫ˣҪһǿĿεľ롣
ҶĴڡ
ԭҲܼ򵥣ΪѪҪصѪı¶ħս󶼶ԭ棬Ҫ뵽صѪоƽ֮С
ҪҶѪҪıͷ룬Ҳĳ̶ֳϵıԼ
ڶͱȽ鷳ˡ
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ѪҪӼΪѪӾǣħս󶼶ɻԪ˧ִѪӾǷߡ
ȫʮڼյִѪӾǣӹѪӾǡ
ͬʱħս󶼶ԭѪҪر˾սԮԪ˧ڣѪҪӪһɹ£ܻԪ˧ӿָӣ
ͻĽѪҪΪѪӾǣҶѪҪƿȨ
ڽӵĵһʱ䣬Ҷֱʼ¡ԼĲ
Ҷֲʼ¡Ҳֻ
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ħս󶼶µоݣȫְȨΧ֮ڣʼ¡ǻʵۣҲΪֻ֮֮
Ҷ棬Ҳֻܽܣ
˵ӾǾ˵ְ
Ҷ治ݣǣҶһһͷ˾Ǵ󶼶ԭ֣ǳı
ǶҶһϲʤԪ˧ҪʾԼġ
˧Ԫ˧һ٣ΣԪ˧ǳӭһµĺãѵ
⣬һ˧ԸļһҲˣʱ򣬻˧һͻȻ˵
ҲԸˣ˭Ҷ̧ͷ


2247 ܵķ

Ԫ˧ӿıһһҸšɫνĴӡǰʱҶҲЦ
˿̣Ҷ׷ΪʲôҪЦˣ
ΪӻҶԸˡ
ԭѪҪΪѪӾǣפԪ˧ɻԪ˧ӿҶһͷ˾ѾҶ汻ˡ
һ
ǲͷһ̫ϻʣ˵Ҷ棬ǻԪ˧ӿҲܲ
ڻһЦڻԵĿԭܣѹͲʲôˡ
Ҷ濴ԭܣѹ㲻鷳һ˶ĵĳ档
ֻǣ˿̸һ飬ܵģͲòҶעˡ
˾Ԫ˧Ҷ棬μ£Ԫ˧Ҷһ˿İıݼ
΢΢ЦţæмҪһӡ
Ϊ˵Ҷ棬Īĸеһ⡣
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һαǸصָɱѧϰĦģֻ˵񲼷ֻ飬᱾ӭ˧֮󣬻Цţ˧λ·
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Ȼ˵Ŀǰ֮ƣڰнУ⼸ӼĻӼԨ߻ӼյжȴǽеԽԽܡ
ӿ֣ôõĻᣬֲŹ֡
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ԶսľӣԺ뱤ūħ²дļ˾ԼֵѲ˾
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Υߣ£ննѻѻ꣬Բ
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Ҷ΢΢һ䣬ڳˣ񣬻Ԫ˧ӿսһԪ˧ڣټһҶ档
Ѿͬľзˡ
ϣľͨѾǰ϶ˡ
Ҷڲͬ⣬Ҳ޲
ҲҶڻǰǳԸԭ
ԭлԪ˧ͷ˾Ҷͺϣĳ̶ֳӰǼܿջԪ˧ӿпܵġ
ǻһᣬͳ׵ʧȥˡ
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Ӽ𣬸κξжͷǾжֻҪ뿪ԼϽصģϱѪӾǲı˾׼
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һһԽ¿ҶüͷԽ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣԭܣе㱾µġ
һʮйܺͱ͸ĿԺͷ򣬸ˡ
ǣѪӾǣǾս
棬ǻӵħʶ̫׷յĴ
ЩѪӾǵתûǳս
ҶҶ϶һԺԻս
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Ϊ˻λ֮ǰЩ棬Ҳʲô
ǣҶʱһڣϾվĶ档
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ԣԭܳ𣬸ȻûһʮӼִУ
˵꣬ԭܵĿһת䵽ҶϣĶҶѪӾڵҪ
λ˧µĽ٣ɶƵǽ
Ϊ˼ǿӪҲΪܹһʮ׵ִȥ
Ѿͬ⣬ɳ䵽ѪӾǾӪ֮Уǿͣ
˵꣬ԭܽԴĸ߸ߵģĶҶ棬Ҷб£вҵ˼
ҶӭſԭܵĿ⻺վ𣬽촽³ܺá֣Ȼ󲻷Եֱת뿪


2248 Ѫӽصı仯
˧ǰߣǽսսһݼţʵϿľⲻǳԸ𣿡Ҷûľ㣬üͷһ֡
׿ϣԪ˧ͬ⣬ǳִУеѡ𣿡Ҷεգһ۾
˵
ǵ֣ŵôˣҶʵ
ش˧Ѿȫӣ뱤⣬ģԪ˧תѪӾǣȴ˵
ţȥҪϸľþټܣҵڣ𣿡Ҷ涨Ŀˡ
ףȥ
Ԫ˧ӿһѪӾǣ͵˸Ĳ
֮ǰҶı˾ƲصĿޱݣűݣȫɻ
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ڽľ»֮ȴֲһˡ
ҶоѪӾǾٵĿԭЩȻΪ˱֤ѪӾǵصѪܲй¶ҲпǳҶġ
Ǵ󶼶ԭֶӣԪ˧ӿǴ󶼶ԭĸܶľܹܵͷϣôҲǹ鴦
ôľԵĶ˭һĿȻ
Ҷ滹˭
ڱսһԪ˧ڣʮа˾ţҶꡣ
ҲǼ侫ľ»һԲϾʹ̬ȡ
Ҫûлĵͽ룬ҶĿǰĵλҲǻӿܹġ
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ǣˣͳǾͲһˡ
һӵܵԿԳȷѪꡣ
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Ҳʱ̿Ǿı仯ǿܵ©
Щ飬ȫǻԪ˧ӿҪǵġ

ĳ³һҶױ˵һ˧ҪȥѪӵص׵Ѫڵһˣ´Ѷ
ҶľһΪ˾Ԫ˧ڻԪ˧ӿЭѪӾǷߡ
ݣ뵽Ѫӵص׵Ѫ֮С
ʥּ˵ףÿգҶһˡ
ߣ˵ҶҲܺ棬ѾȥʱˣѪӵص׵ѪѾоƽ⵽̶ֳˡ
Сèߣ
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Сè֮ǰռڣѲ񽫷İͬʵطѾ
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֪ʱܹͻƵʱڣûϣġ
ȻҲջǾСèİ޻ʵط֮ķٶ츳ͨٴ
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ҶҲΣʱֻˣֻԺ취СèͻƵ
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ǼǿƹǿƣҶûǸĸ˷ʱ䡣
һСèķٶʱͳɱ
ûȾ׷СèҶɵӰ٣׷ľֱš
ȻӾӻµʵڿɶ񣡡
ֻٶȣҲ̫˰ɣǿûУ˭ٳʿʵ
ϾӵٶȵĴڣѪӾǣҲûλ
һھʿãȻҡͷΪޣӰٶȿ쵽˼㣬˵Ӱǵ⣬ǿҲһš
ͷľüͷƴĻ
ƺһͷųϻһ㣬Ǿٵ۾͵һ
СèҪǿ߷дʱִܵѪѪӵص׵ڣСèֻ˰Ϣʱͷɵˡ
⻹ûжͨ£ҪǶͨ˲Ϣ
ѪѪӵص׵ڣڳļǽӹˡ
Ҷڳʾֳʾ˻ʵ۵ʥּ֮һ·ֱͨѪӽҲѪڵء
룬ҶĿȴԽԽ𺳣
ѪڵأʱѾǰȫһ
仯ֱ췭ظ


2249 ˣå
ʱǷѪѪӽڲĿռ䣬Ѿ˼Ŀռ۵󷨡
Ѫӽڲռչʮϡ
һȥɫΡŸɫε˾ǣæµš
էһٴǵǧһͿУѪӽڲҡ
ϸȴܷ֣侮Ȼ
ÿˣԼְ𣬶ԼĻΧ
м󷨽ڵģ㵹ʯģпתģвͣ¹·ġ
Ҷһ·߹ֲϳ󷨣ʮ֡
ϫ󷨣й󷨣е󷨣о󷨣伣󷨣׻а󷨣ʯ󷨵ȵȡ
۵˼ʮѪӽؿռУ󷨼ˡ
ϣЩ󷨣ȫΧѪеġ
ԳѪ󷨣оԪѪġ
нѪĸйȻ۳Ѫ顢󷨡
ֱʯյаĴϵ󷨣󷨣Ѫڵĸ
ССǧ󷨣˿ڳתţһ󷨣Ҷ治ʶ󷨡
Ҷ𺳵ģѪӽڵ˾Ϊ͵ģǽڣǽڵļ˾
˾ĿһɨȻˣ
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һ˵սľĿ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ĵ̣Ҷţĵ̣ԲֹЩ
Ҷ棬ˣڽо󷨵ĵȨİҶ棬΢΢һЦ
Ҷλ̫ϣͨɴȨλȨҶ水𱰰ʺ
˵Ǵܹɭϵĵطĳ̶ֳ϶ԣҶ滹Ǻعصġ
ˣԪ˧¶ˣĲ̫ϳҶ棬ڿ϶
һ̫ϳȨ˾ǣһɶŵģûûҹģͲ˵ˡ
ҶˮʳǱŷĸƣǵӹĲ̫ѣ̫ϳд˵
ҶЩգʵһֱ˦ƹЩ飬ȫţȥģŶġ
ȻҶҲΪ˽Եǽˡ
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֪Ҷǳûҩһʥּȴû
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Ҳãӻͳ󽫣˵˵˼·
Ҷһ
Ŀɨܱߵһ̫Ϻ󷨵ļ˾ǣһ
˿̣Щ̫Ϻ;󷨵˾ǣȻһЩڴĿҶ棬ƣ
Ҫ֪ҶȻˣҲͨ󷨣ȴһЩ˾ǵ裬ǿǲԶˡ
Щ˾ǾȻεҶ棬Ǵܵ۹һȺڡ
ȻٵҶ档
ɼѪƽоϣӦû̫Ľչ
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ٵĹ㡣
һǺ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷͱ亹ʪ͸


2250 
Ҷǻųص黹в뿪Ѫӽصġ
ΪһߣҶһλλͨ󷨵̫ϳϡ˾ڴ˫ۣλΡ
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ⲻָս
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뿪֮ʱһֱûпڵĵڶȨͨɣˡ
ҶȻѾ뵽ѪӽѪƽ֮УУôھж֮㣬һ񽻸㣬ϣܹɣ
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ÿһδ߶籾Ȩ٣ԵħսһпԵָһӦļ˾ݵصѪʵ
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ֻΪѷ룬˴ֵˣͣ򣬾μˡ
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ôصҶбҪϸ˽һ¡
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ѾѪϣҶԡ
ҲΪԭҶʱ붯ȨħսԼ
Ǵǰݵص׵ѪԲ̽һ
ΪҶ뵽Ǹܵķӣ¹Ҷܣɲܱ¶ˡ
д˴㣬Ҷ뿪Ѫӽ֮ҲûлתѪӾǣֱСèֱڵϲսĳҪ
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Сèٷкͨ£һʱͺյĵִ˳Ҫ
ִҪ֮Ҷ沢ûмŸݲ̽ѾѪʵ
ڲ̽ѾѪʵҶԼ뷨Ͳ裡


2251 Ѫı
ҪսʤҪ֪֪ˣ
ѾݵôҶһ벽ҲСġ
ҪҶĴ̴̵ľֱȥĴ
ִҪ֮ҶͶصףݣӵص׶еӽݵҵĵؽ󣬾Сӵص׳ɷӡ
ҶĵһƻС۾Ȳ̽פħֵʵСæ̽ݵصѾѪʵ
СܹɹǵڶȨͨɵ񣬾ûκѶȡ
״ˣص׵ĸʵǡСͻȻͱü
̫ǿˣҴ߶Ĳľľ֣ڽݰﷶΧ֮Ϣʱ䣬޷ŹȥС˵
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״ˣѪеĸʴ£ܱǧڣݲ

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˵Сľ飬ģЩŰϢĸˡ
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2252 Ѫ
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һɲǣҶսѪ죬΢΢һߣ


2253 
˷ŵŨޱȵѪ͸սѪ컺ɲǣҶǣ΢΢һ̡
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ͬһɲǣһޱȼѵѡҲҶǰ


2254 ӣ
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ȴڸҶʱûи֪Ҷ档
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ҶոջѪͶޱȾ˵ԴƳӡ
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Ҫ֪Ҷӡİʮɽˣһһʮˡ
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ռ䱬飬˸пռͨĴڣκҲðűΣճȥ
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Сֵܣ죬ǱϷѪӰһɲǵĹ򣡡ԽԸߺ
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ħǣүүˣڣ
ԽԵĴЦУҶֻĺһ˾ͱʵĿռ֮ͨУ


2255 ¹شܴ
ԽԵĿռŲٶȼ죬ҶֻǰʵĹ⻪ڼ̵ʱ˸ΣǰĹ⻪Ͷʧ˫Ѿʵء
һ˿Ҷ桢ԽԻǹѾѪһȫİɽ֮ϡ
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ɼǣ漱ˡ
ɸҶ𾪵ǣԣǾȻݵص̽鵽¹شܴϢ
Ǻεȵǿ󣬽ǺεȵĹʲôķ֣Ȼܹ¹شܴ
Ҷ𾪲ѵͬʱҲ治ѡ
ҶģбҪȥݵص̽һ̽ݵصѾѪڣʲô
ҶɲǣҶͻһԴҵ죬ô¸ˣ


2256 ֮
ɭף
Ҷ֮ǰѪڣѲ˾ܽͷԽԺĻھ£ͷõõһ¥ɭԼĲԪ곹׷ޣħ裡
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ҶҶ½õĵһйϵ
ԵĻ˧ҰİС
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ԴʱռΪٱʱ֮ҶЩڿ޶ɹʱ䣬Ѿİˡ
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ңڵĻ˧ҰİĴмУɭףǵĻ˧ҰİɹһֱȴûлĻͨ
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ţ
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ϵ
Ҷһ֮ʱȵСèѪӾǣ
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Ȼ󽻴Ԫ鰢ţֻҪм£ͿͨͨѶŲϵҶ档
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һҶ˱˾פأ·صɲǣһźµľб֣Ҷǰ
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һЩ٣Ҷһ
Щ٣˿㷢ѶӪг£ҲΪЩܽӹܵľ١

Ҷһ߳ε䣬ֱӹЩ٣˱˾Ӫأ


2257 
˾ľӪУ˿ڶš
һˣȫǺºڼ׵ľ䣬һŸεľٴš
һˣȻǱ˾ľˡ
㡢졢ҶļͷĿȾһɱ˾Ҷľٴľš
󷽣ţӰУͣûѲԽʲôսӪͳ֣ʱһսӪĶǰľ١
һԲ͸Ҷӵ˼
ΣüҶ棬üͷһ塣
飬ƺֵЩ󰡣
Ҷ֮ԼϹΪյļѶѪӾǾټܵĸ㣬Ҫӱ˾ץˣЩסż˹
Ҷ渦һأÿŵһ˵ȣʱһ
˧ҶһĹǡ
ȻҲܣ⸱ͷһ
ѪӾǾ㣬ɲǾټܵĸʵǴӻӳ֮һ
ǻ䣬ԼǿѪӾǵľ;ɵġ
ٺͻݼͲܹסˡ
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ҶԪ˧ϣūȦԷʵ飡
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ľҶһĪ
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һһҪħսūѶƺе㲻̫Ծ
һһѻꣿ
Ҷ涢Ÿ飬رɭƸħսūһһѻ֮󣬿¾Ҫȫ˰ɣ
֪ħսūֵʯҪǱȫˣ𣿡
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Ҳǣ
Ҷ֣صĵ˵ͷҴܵİΣǰʲôǣҪ˧ʱ򣬱˧Ȼ
ҸѶΪͷñ˧ʧħսūģ
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Υ
ΥҶɹȻһЦ£˧ɲҲſñӣ
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ĸսūɣֱߣôڴã
ǣֱӴħսūҪūȦ޿ܣ
˵껰Ҷתߡ
ҶҪߣȴǼˣһ֣ʹһھҶǰҶԪ˧첻㲻ߣ


2258 ̰
ҶԪ˧첻㲻ߣ
ŸһھסԼҶͻȻЦˡ
ֻЦݿһĪļ£
һɲǣû㷴Ӧһ˶İƾ͵ظǵϡ
ֻĺһ£ԴһɲǣƺҪˡ
ת˲ϢʧȥĿơ
Ҷһֱȷɾ㣬Χһ˵ȣʱʹˡ
ھӪУŵġ
ǸҵŹٵˣǻû
һھʿ䣬ǵͷ㱻ȷˣɵˡ
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Ҷ֮ǰ֮ЭǸӣǹ˼ʼ¡Эġ
ҪȻԭ˻Ҳ۸Ҷͷϣ
㣬ҪƸҪ飬飡
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ԣԭͷҲǣҪҪݵģȫµģ
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ħսūȻͨ񾳵ħΪ롣
Ҫ֪ڴܾųɾŵľУͨ񾳵ߣڳи߼졣
ʿΪǾѾǾˡ
ڵ֪Ҷһ֧ħսūŵʱ򣬵һʱ;ˡ
ҶħսūԿԵֵϴʮš
Ҫǣħ徫ȫǱūȦū
ûʲôӱūӸҳϵˡ
ӻݶԣԺĶ֮浽Ҫþӵħսūһɱ
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һСģܹĴ¡
пǱѣ
ǣħսūֻҪƿ򣬾Ͳκ⡣
ԵҳϣԵָʹ
֪ûãʹҶ֧ħսūӵ⡣
Ѿ˱Ҫ֮ҪĿˡ
˽¼ɳ˴ټܵĸ㡣
ֻҪõٽħսūؾӪѶ
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ϻԵ⣬³
ֻҪħսūõеɺͽ֧ۺ첻ѵľ񲿶ӣ
ڵϢ
һ֣͵Ϊδ֮һƣ
Ͼһ֧ҳϵĲӣǼѰҵģ
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ɨһۣǻǿԭܣ
˲Ϣ䣬ԭ䣬ȴǵŭ
Ҵˣˣ
͵վ𣬡ߣ֪ͨӿһǰ˾ӪأͲˣβҶ棡


2259 ־ڱص
˧ĽΪ˷ڻǷ⣬֧ħսūӣҲһֱصĶ
ԣսūܱߣһʮѲԣҹӡ
·ûκ쳣ǼĪķѶ֮ǰһʱһ֧СѲ·
ʱûע⣬ºһһѯʣϸ䡣
˵ţţһҶ棬˧֪ģѲԶܹѵһڵģƹĿ
ϸԱ֮ѲԷ֣֧С·ħսūӪ֮һˡ
СӲܹʵģʱҲûر
ºָ֣ˣңҪǣ
ţһ£·󲻵Ϣһ֧СӼٸϵǣ֧СӣûеһʱҪħսūӪ飬ħӪܱѲһȦ
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˵꣬ţĿһܣֱ괫Ҷ˵˧¸ող·ʱӵľʿӳ·һʱϹľʿӳͬһˣ
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Ҷļ㣬Ӳʮûκģװõֱӻܴʮҵľ񲿶ӡ
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ʱЩͶĽ죬ҳϵģҡڿƵģͶģ˵ӰŹߺڼ顣
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ҲʱֻҪչֳ໹ڹҡڵĽ죬¶վһߡ
Ӧ˵пǶĹؼ
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ӼֱĿˡ
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ⱱ˾սūӪе߱˾ħսūӪū
ҷߣ͵նɱ
ܵ飬˿ޱȵ˷ܡ
ǰͲ˷ִ󣬵ʱ򣬾ʰҶ棬Ҳˡ
걻Ҷ浱е汻вŵ˵һĻ۵㡣
ʱ޿̶뱨
˿̣ѪӾǧʿȫˣһ֣ܾʹ˵ȳ˹ȥ
졢ȾһĻ뷴ǻǰȴֲҷ
𱰹ĹأѾӡǵĹ
ͬ컯
ҪӲҲڻǰΡ
ֻЩʿ߳ȥ
ЩʵĹȾ˫Ŀ⻪һͳŻԪ˧ӿԪ˧ħսū֮࣬Ϊ⣬Ԫ˧ǧҲһƴսūӪðɣ
ǣ
ӿޱĵ˵ͷһ֣ǧͽųȥ
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ҶսūӪͳ죿
ǿūȦԼǱһλȨ㽻򣿡ӼĶȾв


2260 
Ⱦͱ˵ĴӼЩʹı۾
Ҷ潻ֻпȨ޵䣬ǲܵġ
ǳֹγģҪǱҶ棬ȫңԼԺ󶼲ˡ
ǣǴӼһλȨǽһΪѵľ档
ԣ˿ģһԲı۾
ȾϣӼʱ׹ʢֱһֽȾѻĳ嶯
ҲڴʱͻȻ䣬ǰ˳սūӪĿԭ븱ޱȾ
Ҫ˺󣡡
ﶼ˺󣡡
ЩħսūȻҷ֪𣿡
˭Ҷ֣˭ȫң
ԭ븱ŵЩ״ˡ
Ӽ̧ͷȥɲǣʱ͵һֱһͷĸо
ͬʱǻԪ˧ӿǱսһԪ˧ڣֻǲı࣬ЩżڴӼһµͿ˿̶һ
ڴӼλʱǰӼ󣬵Ϣ˲Ϣɢ˷ŨŨľ֮⡣
˿̣ħսūӪڣΪͨ񾳵ȵħսūһɱ䣬ս֮ƣʻΣɱĴսūӪг˳
ϰλͨħ徫񣬽սɱ̤
ոճţͽûôսľʿŻˡ
Щʿ䣬ֱӱǳɱŵģ֪ôˡ
ǻԪ˧ӿǧ˲Ϣ󣬻Ա˺
ôҪ췴ӪХ
ϸսģͷһͬʱʱɭȻԪ˧Ԫ˧Ͼͽƽѣ


ڻӿɲǣһֱûпڵͿͻس
£ƶ¾ǰЩħҶ°ëȡĳͷͿޱȵš
£ɣ
ӿ뷽༱æ赲Ϳһ£ǻǵĵϳ£ǿɾˡ
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ǣͿȴޱȵΡ
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ǸͿЦʵĿע£ӭħսū
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һ䱧Ǹܽģ
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ĵҪ߱˽Ҫǲһ˵ڣ۽෢ǬʥԣҶصķ˹֣
һɫؾ䡣
Ҷһ仰͵㵽ߣ
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ǣһַܵϾͻᱧţ
ڹ˽˵ĺףǶʥּңܶ˽
ӼȻҶ˽ֻҪҶܹ࣬壬ʱ򣬲ܴӼûôӼ񶼻ܵйĵƣ
ǻǿ˽ĿһڣԺĴܹǣ˭ܰ˯
ǹ弯ĸ
ҲǴ˿̴Ӽɫԭ
ΪҶҪһӣϾܽ͵йĶ档
ĻҪλĿԣʱͻᱻնǵűߡ
һ˲䣬Ȼ֪ʱӦҶвʱû
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2261 
Ѳ񽫵ٶȼ죡
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ЩѲ񽫵ٶȣ̫ˣѹݲ÷Ӧ
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Ӧ֮£λûڵһʱԮ
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ǣע⵽Ҷ棬ѹûᡣ
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ҪȻѲ񽫵ķӦٶٿ죬Ҳڶ̶һɲǵʱסͿ
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ţţҪ֣
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һ֣ո˳ħսūҲ˻ȥ
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ҶӿӣǷΪЩ飬̬ͳˡ
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2262 Ǳҵ
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ҪٲҶڵӾĽˮˡ


2263 
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ҶɭɭһϷʵĶſԭܣ˻еӰ򣬡֤ݣҪǼִо˧Ҫǰ󶼶һְ֮
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2264 һ
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ϧǣһֽͽҶѪӾֱٻѪӵص׽ء
ǵڶȨͨɷģ˵Ѫӽش֣Ҷ漴̻תμӻ顣
ҶڶȨͨɷķҪ֪ͨҶ棬ֻΪҶ档
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λ켱뿪˵¹شķҪȥ㱨
ش֣ʮڰ˾ţйأ
¹شش֣ʲôأ


2265 ʥ״
ʱѪӽĽѾһȫפء
Ҷִʱڳʾݺͷ֮󣬾ͱ쵽һռΪľҡ
һ缴Ľ
Ҷִʱ˲ֻ࣬еȨİߴȨͼųڰ˴ȨٲԼλҶһֱ֪յ̫࣬ԼѲ˾һλ
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ҶԪ˧Ŵ׹ϧղŵһЦʵĳҶ湰֡
ҶæˡҶĳ׾ʸǣ
촽򣬡˶˵ҶԪ˧˼ϸ壬걸һȴЩʵӦ˵ҶԪ˧ӦҪ֪֮ġ
ǹĻҶ΢΢һ䣬ѵԼйڣ
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ÿһѪڣһѪħ塣
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䱸ҶлҪɭʮϣ


2268 ɱΣ
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2269 Ѫ
С󡢰ԪɱԸԭҶҲǿЦá
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ҶĿǰĵߡ
˵СͷҶĿⶸضԪ鰢󣬡ɣҪôϣ
ҶүĿԽСԽáңԽʵԽãսѪ۳һʵѪȻ󽻸Ϊ̫ıԴûܱ߻Ϣһ¡Ԫ鰢ѵõһΡ

Ҷü˼˼Ϣ˶
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˵ǣѪħħǵⲻͣƶ΢СѪעȲߡ
ֻйһԪɨ裬ҪȻҲпܷ쳣ġ
˳ǱѪѪҶԪ鰢СţϢĻѪƶš
ûãҶͿ֮ǰеڶȨͨ˹ۿӰеΡ
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ֻӰ¼ȥҶ̽һУоֵ
ֻܴȥš־δ֪
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еͺһҶСһӰȻҶɽԶϸϸĽͨڵһУˮ׼ȫ¼
ǣϢ֮һҶ沢İıŰԪ͵ɨ˹
ŰԪɨɲǣֱӽĺںɫѪһѪ籩
ⳡѪ籩жҶ¼Ӱ򣬻ֳӰҶ棬ֱӸ¶˳
֪϶ģô죬ڵȵˣЦ쳹


2270 䲵Ŀ
ֶΣҪǲ̽ѪʥܣǲŽм
ūѾʱˣ
ĴЦУ֮ǰΧĻѲ˾ܽͷԽԵĹħħ䲣شѪ⸡֡
ֵɲǣħħ䲾ͷһ̶ޱȵļХ˷ŨīѪ⣬ػһޱȵѪУļХ˷Ҷ档
ͬһɲǣǼХ̺첨񣬳ҶԪ顣
ѪȡָļХָĻħ֮ƣҶԪ顣
ҲͬʱոճֵĹħħ󶸵صǧ֧ʽ֮ɫĹצһʹ֮ץҶ档
Ҫǣ֮УȻһ˿ֱ˺ԵļХϮ
һ˲Ĺ򣬹ħħ䲱ƳҶɲǣȫ֣ͬһʱ֮ƣϮҶ档
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ۿԸСèѾ뵽˿ռͨսѪͻ׹޻תҶҲһ
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ҶͷɲǣͿħħ䲵Ĺצ߬סСèβͣͷһĹħħ䲣˳ƵקСèĻβ˿ռͨ


2271 ħ
ռͨڣЩǱĹħħ䲣СèŭҶ棬ͻȻЦˡ
Цĺܿģ
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ոڵ׹ޣٴθ֣һΣϱ߸ֵȴСлԪ׵׹⣬µ׹⣬˹ħħ䲡
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ͨطעԸԽ࣬ЧԽ
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ħħѹֵҶ˺ԸԸ
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2272 Ϊ
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2273 
ħħԾıԴڣһ
һԶͷǣ·ܵٻһطɹȥһͺϳһͷǹǣħħ䲵ıԴ׺Ԫ飬׵ı
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ѪڣǵѪڣʧԷɿĻָ

ѪӽڣڶȨͨЩͷĿһ֣صҶ档
Ҷ棬ʲôϽ˵Ϸ򣬻Ǽλ̫ϳϣæҪûʱ˷ѡ
ͨȨ԰ҵ֮Ȼ˵ڴ֮ǰͨȨ׼һݽԻֻԼ
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֮ǰһֱʶҶҲ֪ݣؼǰθܹܣΪܻǧꡣ
ڵӡҲʼ¡λʮ֮󣬽ӳȨ֮󣬾ʹ
ؼ˽Ҳһһɡ
ȴ˿ʼ¡ǵڼܹ㳯мӡ
Ϊʵʹ˹
·𣬾˵ǸѲ˾˾ԤͬڵĴڣ궼ǵʵʼ¡߻Ѳ˾еţγ껹δǻʼ¡
ֻ˾ԤȨƣѲ˾
·𣬲ϲȨƣֻƷûʵְ
Ҫ˵Ǵ˾Ԥ·Ҳмӣҵ
ΪΪ·ϲȨƣʼ¡ŸΡ
˵ֻҪ·һ仰´˾Ԥ¾Ҫˡ
͵ÿؼʱ̣ܻᱻʼ¡ΪĸɳɼΡ
Ҷһһ֮󣬾˵Ȼ˶ˣôͿʼˣһεĻ顭
Ҷ棬󶼶ĴӼһֱûû֪ͨǣڶȨͨʵ
û֪ͨ
ⲻ̫ðɣҲǡ
ҳ鱨ԸԸǣҵ¡Ҷֱ˵Ĵ˵ڶȨͨɵĻֱӽڶȨͨ¼ס
һӵĻҵĵڶȨֱͨ壬һ֣龲ҵϰֱ󷨣ǾͿʼɡ
һƴѪӰ
ϧֻ¼һ룬ǿɣҶһصóֻ¼һӰ
⡭
һۿ̫ϳһۣʧɫ䡣
ҶҲޱȵĽ˵
һεͨӦڵڶѪУѪУеѪ
ѪУѪȸʵҺŸ¸ӵ̫ͨơ
Ҷ˵һһļ䣬еüͷ˲Ϣ䣬ڣͷ·һһ
ѹɽ
ͨ±ߣ󷨣иӷ̫ƣӵĿֲ
µĵڶȨͨɵҲüޱȣ̫ϣΪѪе̫ͨƣʲôá
ҲһɲǣͻأģٵХشӻ龲쳹
ˣɫ䣡


2274 ټ֪ħʦ
龲ֵϰ󷨽类򿪵ɲǣѶйһ˻ڵˡ
еڶȨͨյķѶ࣬ҶߣҲյ˰˵Ѷ
龰ɲǣڳɫ䡣
龰˵϶д·ˡ
ʶģÿһ˶ڵһʱ佫Ѷ
һɲǣ龲ڵÿһˣԼͬĳ˻龲ңȻٶȣ뿪Ѫӽأٸ߿գԶ
Ϸգ˿̾ǱѪɫȾһ㣬ȥ쳣
ŨޱȵѪ⣬ӵ¸֮ԶԼԼĸӦ̺Ŀֲɷ
ݵصѪ󷨱ʱ龰һģһ
ֻ˿̫Զԭٰ﷽ԲѪֻһѪ⡣
Ҷ棬ǵڶȨͨɣֻˣյķѶУֻͨһޱ𺳵Ϣ
սҪ˫ڽս֮ʣصͻȻ䱬ԲѪ⣬ѪֱʣħսǣҪڼ
ʵ˶ףҪڼĹѾˡ
ҪصѪ󱬷ѪǣѹûκסĿˡ
ˣ
̫ϳ̾һУΡ
оѪӾǵص׵ѪĹ򣬻ûжջأһڶѪȺ󱬷ˡ
ȻһڶѪ󶼱ˣôġѪ󣬱ʱҲԶ˰ɣ
ֻǲ֪ﱬ
Ҫߣˣٿڵ·̾һ
Ҷ֪Ϊʲô̾ϧ
ҪķߣսϵУǱȽҪһߡ
ѪӾǷڱսҪսش
˵Ҫһʧݣôսת飬֮һķߣ¶Ҫв֮¡
֪Ҫ϶ٱǿάסսߡ
ңĵһڶصѪ󣬾ħսǱôĸ½ȥǻɶƻ
Ҷͷѹһɽһ
ΪѪ˶ԣҶѪħ巽õǿ
뾭ոѶж
Ҫǣ±ٻ󷨲á
ոӵĳĬˣҶķ֣ڶصѪıһһͷϮĴɽһѹڳˣ
ҪƣħĽ䱸϶ݣħҲҪٵöࡣ
ʱӦǲ̽ѾѪʵʱ
ڶȨͨɿڵʱĿ⣬ʶĿҶ档
ĻԽԶ޷뵽صѪĵѪҶȴܡ
ôǵ˼ײˣҶһˡ
ãȻͨȨҶĳһˣûнҶĳɲұֻ֤˵ǾΪҶҲƴǣֱӦ¡
ã
·̾һԱҶ棬д壬һȻˣ
٣˵ؾսҪԶĳҶԪ˧һΣ
л⣬ҶĳҲмŲ֮ܣսʱڱص
˵꣬һ֣Сèͻس֣һҶʧֻ·ңңĹ֡
ʵϣҶϵλڱսϲսмսҪѹûϰʱ
Сèȫʩչ֮ͨ£ӵĹСèʹҶ浽Ҫ⡣
ԤϵĻҪ⣬´ӵõϢڣҲһӵĹ򣬺ħѾҪ
ҪѸʧأУһһѸɢŵϢ׹⣬ֱͶҪѪʧ
ֱӽĹСèӽʱռٻָҶԴһ£ϢǱҪص׵Ѫ
˵ʵڵڶȨͨɵ飬ҶҲǺڴġ
ܹ̽صѪʵջ̫ˣĿǰͷӬһĴܶԣޱҪ塣
ϧǣҶԵħ壬һʮⲻѷɫ֯ޱܵħ塣
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣΪߵħ壬ʮںĴ½վ˽Ÿôܽħս߰ڳƣħ壬Ҫȴǿ
ȻԸţȴǱʵ
ԣħǻۣħ߲ǻۣԲС
ܿģҶ֤һ㡣
һѪڣ˿ѾħѲˡ
ɼԴݵĽ֮ħѾѪһ£ͷȴ¡
Ȼ˼ʮԪڲͣѲ󣬵ҶӵħսѪ죬൱һĴڶԣһѪѹʲô
ڶѪڵһѪҪСĶ࣬ʱħ壬Լֲ㣬ҶֻʮϢ
ʮλôһ鷽ԲʮĵطȻǳˡ
Ҷұ֤ĻѲ˾ܽͷԽٴǰҲҪԱ
Ҷ滹ࡣ
ҶЩϲĿǰħֲǵѪ϶٣˵Ҷһ̽ʵ
ҶִޱԵɫѪʱһޱȵѪⲨֱڵѪ紦֯һޱܵĴ
ҶȻ֮࣬С̽ȥظӦһİȴִһ˿ϤϢ
ħʦ
ħ֪ħʦϢ


2275 ȫ汬
ħ徹Ȼ˶̵ʱ䣬һ֪ħʦǰҪѪأ˴󣬿Ѫصܣħڲӳ̶ȷǳĸߡ
á
龲ڣõҶرļλȨ̫ϳǣһء
սҪѪ̽ҶڷֵѪڣ֪ħʦϢʱ͹ϵĳˡ
Ҷնɱ֪ħʦߺ꣬˵ǻԵɺϣԪ֮¡
֪ħʦߺΪ˾ħ̫ӴҶĴظְΧ֮С
ŻԵɺ֮£նɱ֪ħʦߺꡣ
ǾһΣСڳֹ幫ʱò׵һ˿컯Ҳ׵Ĺˡ
ô˵˵֪ħʦߺվҶǰҶʵҶҲûٴնɱ֪ħʦߺġ
ԣ֪ħʦϢʱҶǵľͳˡ
ҪǣҪµĵѪѾλϵ֪ħʦ󷨷
󷨱˵Ҷ洳ȥܴȥҶҲҡ
֮Уһ֣Ҷɾͱ׽ˣǾѰ·ˡ
СڵڶѪ¼һӰҶεĻתѪӽأڵĻ顣
ϿԶ϶Ѫڣжħ塢ԴҪĶ
ҪȻħҲ̵ʱһλ֪ħʦǰȥء
пܣϷϣϧκδۣ֪̽Ѫܡ
Ҫ֪¹ع
̫ϳ쳣˵꣬ͽڴĿ⿴Ҷ档
һ˲䣬龲ڣڶȨȨȼλȨκ·˵Ŀ⣬ȫҶ档
Ҷ棬ⲻΪ㣡ĿǰΪֹϷѾܶõȫˡ
Ļ飬Ѳ˾ܽͷľѴ̽ϣֻ뵽Ѫڶ㡣
ֻ㣬ܹƾʦط㣬ԣ
ڶȨͨɴʱ˵ķǳĳϿң˼ҲײҪҶ취
ȻڶȨͨ˵ĻĿǰܹѾû취ˡ
ǣڴĿµҶ棬һȴǻҡҡͷ
뿪ʱڶѪħѾʮλһѪħѾλ
Ѫڣ֪ĳһλ֪ħʦ֮⣬ƻмλǿħ
ΪЧԭħ඼ʵǿħеĻ塣
⣬ʱҪһħ徫Ӫٵ
£˵һˣǸһǧҶûɱѪ˵ȫˡ
ѪħҴܵӰ죬Ƕ
˵Ҷ£ҶԳע޴֮£ȴ
Ҷ̬ȣȷޱȡ
ڳȻʧҲ㶼⡣
ȷʵҶȥǿв̽ʵ
̫ϳ֮Կڣ֮ڴʵĵ׵漣뷨
ϣһ漣
ǣҲҶһΣҲóһ漣
ҶݣԸ⣬Ҳܸûǿȥֻա
ҵǣҶ֮ǰٴһֵѪڵӰߵ̫ͨܲƣÿһϸڣþ󷨵̫ϳˣҹԼյĿʼо
ħսƣҲΪڶѪıøϾ
ոմӴܳΪԮľ߾ֻȥսסҪʧ֮ڵȱڡ
һССҪפİħȻӲǣס˳Ĵܾӣأħս󶼶޿κΡ
ΪϷߣһҪħĴпս֮һķȫ̶߱սʧء
ʱħսƣһʧأ
εѹڴܳ⡣
ħսʬľִеĸӳס
ǣܲסħԼ
ħʶһ㣬Ҳʼʬ
ֻʬ֮ս֮󣬻Ὣʬ͵ǵĺ󷽣ôܾ޿κΡ
̫ϳҹԼյоҶĵ̫ͨƣûоκνʱ򣬵صѪ󷨣ٴα
صѪ󣬱սϲսĽ紦˵صѪһֱӾսϲսҳһƬ
սϲսķߣ񣬻ڿˡ
սϣܣѾʧȥ˷ơ
£ܵʬʬսִеٳףÿкѪصףӶᡣ
ңűѪԽԽ࣬ѪӾ·ѪÿѪڳ
ڴܶԣһجģ
Ϊ£ζʣļѪıʱ䣬ٴ̡
Ѫ󱬷֮죬Ĵλսͱս紦Ѫ͵ر
սȫʧص£սλοΣ
£ħս󶼶أ׵Ļˡ
ѪıеĻҪĿ졣
ĸģȴǵ崦Ѫ
ǵĴѪ󱬷ĵڶ죬崦Ѫ󣬾вս뱱սĽ紦
Ѫ֮ʣֵҹʱ֡
Ѷ͵أشң


2276 ڶߣ
ĴѪıصʼ¡ͷöѹɽ
һҹò˯ŵʼ¡ͻȻͱ㳯Ļѡ
ţʼ¡Ŀһ˲ڼܹܣ޴£ǾԲϢʱġ
£вս뱱ս紦·˵崦ѪѾѪʧء
㳯ᣬϢʼ¡УҲһһʼ¡˲Ϣֱӡ
ˣʼ¡˫Ŀޱȣ˼һ˲ͻصص㡣
㳯صĵ˵ͷ
ʼ¡ıϢô
ص㡣
ʱڣҲûš
ֶ͸Ǵ̽ɫաȣ˼ֶΣ̽йѪϢ
ѪһֱûнչǵڶһѪˡ
ܶѪѪѾһЩؼԵ˽⡣

ּͨͨѪӦòᳬ
֮ħսϣ౬Ѫ
̫ϳǵƶϣһѪȫôͻѪϳɴΧѪɷ
ѪɷѪɵδ֪ĳƺ
ѪɷһԴܵħսߣԵƻ
һԵƻǴݻ󷨷ΧڵĴҿྭӪĸ־¾ݵ㣬󷨲õȵȡ
ڶԵƻѪɷһѪ󽫻һѪ
Ѫսħʵᱻȵӵʵᱻȵ
߼ѾԤ⣬Ŀǰ״ԣһѪɷ󱬷ôѪɷ󹹳ɵĸΧѪѪฺŨͣܽʿҲ޷ֵסħ塣
ͶٶıҲزס
֮һѪɷ󱬷ѪɷΧڵħսߣͻ᳹ʧء
ҪǣĿǰѪɷѾħսսһ롢ϲսսһ룬вսķ֮һ
ϣֻҪЩսЩʧأܵħսķߣҲͳ׵ʧˡ
ԵƻעѪɷһܵħս߾Ҫʧء
ڴܣԵġ
֮ǰֻвѪ崦Ѿˡ
ֻҪλѪӾ·һѪ󱬷Ѫɷͻᱻʱħսߣͻʧء
ʱʧţħ彫᳤ֱ룡
˵ʼ¡²£
ʱʼ¡ΪܵڶɥʦĹ
ʼ¡ǣҪǹ͢صмصʮǰٷһ֮Σ
ּ⣬λس߾ųİƽų߲㣬Ǳ廹ǷͶӰʱ֮ڣ뵽Ǭ¡
һѽµƿʼ¡Լٵ¶㳯ٶȣһС
ּص˾һ֮صռͨҪٴεʮǰ¼

Ȼ²û˿⴫س߻֮أϢ֮ͨ
ҹңɡ
ħսʧأħս󶼶ʧݣʥجĻʣϹħħս¾Ϣɡ
һʱ䣬ҳһƬ
ȻһЩ˼ҺûĹ壬֪֮¾Ȼʼҹʰ׼뿪ء
֮£غ󷽵ĶϲҪذȫĶࡣ
һд˵ħس£سǸӻҡ
Ѳ˾ʱֱ֣֣նɱЩģֻɵִĴҥߡ
ǧͷ֮£ذ
ǬڴӦٿʱصĿУѾŨŨѪζ
ͷöʼ¡Ǭٿ飬ҶȴѪӾϷңңҹѪ⴦ħս
һεǧսۣΪֹѾ࣬ħս̴ܽʿ򣬵նɱħĿͳڵģ
˵н
ǣһεǧսۣȴǴʷõһǧսۡ
ħսߣʱѾǧٿס
ѾѪγɵѪ⵶һ˴ħսࡣ
⵶ôܽʿսˣֻսתƣޱȵѣÿ죬дĽʿ˶ս
ҶսĿ⿴Ӧóˣ
˴ʱ˵أܵǧٿ׵ħսߣѾûмصıҪ
ټȥûκ壬ֻøĴܽʿװ
˿̣ȷǷǧٿ׵ħսߣ˳ѪɷķΧ̵ʱڣ²õڶߡ
õڶߣĶסǣסħӣȻ󣬾Сħҵ©ɱܸУҲΪ
ԴޱȾܵĻиعٷ͹ɱСħӣѡ
Ȼһƽյģ
ĿǰľƶԣҲû취ˡ
ҶȷҲпִежϡ
ǣڶ죬ҶͱܵĴֱʸˡ
Σͷ۹ޣչֳǿĵ̣


2277 
½ĵ崦ѪҲǱսвս紦ݣҶڵѪӾǣ벢̫Զ
ֱ߾һʮ·
ݵصѪıѪӾǵӰܴ
˵פѪڵħо״̬£ֻҪ߰죬ͿɱѪӾҲ࣬һֱѪӾǶŵħʶ̫׷գѪӾγɺΧ
פѪڵħ徫ֻҪʱ䣬ͿɱѪӾҲࡣ
ʱѪӾǱҺΧʧݵĿԼ
ȻҶԵǰĿսжϣھħս󶼶ľû֮ǰѪӾǰΣǵһҪ
ϾħսפˣڶߣҲҪһʱ䡣
ȫ֮ǰѪӾǾԲʧݣҪ֤ѪӾǵص׵Ѫܱ
ԣݵص׵Ѫ󱬷֮ĵڶ죬ҶǰΡ
Ŀǰ£ҶֵµѲ񽫣ǲסݵѪ
ЩͨѲѪӰĴĿ̫ˡ
ԣҶԳ
Ҷ֮׵İףɲװˡ
ǣҶִݵѪ֮󣬾ͱϡľ޴Ķˡ
ɫ˾εļ˾ǣϰλ˾ָӺϣͣİķŴ߶еط
Ҷϵãļ˾ڵļ˾
˾ⲻϡ棬Ҷ𾪵ģȴǵֶ֮Ρ
ÿ˾Ŀһˡ
Щ˾Ŀ˾Ϊռųɣ˾ռһɣԼǧˡ
һʵǿ˾ϰʵǿĵռ£ͣĲŸָƺͷ
򣬾ʹǧǼǧ¼ռ
˵ģĿǰûʵġ
Ҷע£˾Э£ޱȡơƵľ޴ݣεض
ԶһһչĲӣЯŴе͵ȱݽɣפ
Ҷ澪̾䣬ռڵļҪϵͨѶŲͬʱ˸
Ҷɲǣصһ
ߴ鱨Ҷһ汻ľˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ɳļ˾ڸǣ¹ߡ
ݡҪĸѪܱߣɳ˾ڶ̶̰ʱڣ˱ݺҪ
һѪܱߣٵҪݣҪĸݡ
Ŀһζõļ˾Ŀʮ
ĵ˾Ŀһǧˡ
һޱȾ˵֡
Ǵĵ𡭡һƾհεضıݣҶĿ𺳡
ʮ˾һǧˣ⣬Ǵĵ̶ѡ
̶̰ʱڣޱȵıݰεض̵УһǼ̱
ǧɢǵľǼʩչָط͵ҩ˫ػָ£Щ̱Ǽٴƻûɵ󷨡
ֱ֮࣬Ҷ水಻סĺĸݸֹϵһ¡
֣ʮ˾һǧٵռĵ̣һӦÿ齨ϰľ˾ʱӦÿֱӽħƽɣҶɻ
ֻϵġ
ңħħصԲС⣬ҪǣΪʮǼ¼һǧռеĴ󲿷֣ôģֹЩɪ
ôģ
Ǭ֮һϰū޵Ѫ
ϰū²޵ľѪΪۣ˳˯ؾ֮еʮ˾ӦԶɹǰһΣֹ˵
˯ؾеʮ˾ҶӵĲˣЩ˯ؾе˾ô£
Щ˯ؾе˾ʮԼԪ֮ǰؾ˯
˽ʱ̣ǽᱻطѣ
Ҷ¶Ȼ֮ɫû뵽Ŀƿֲʮ˾Ŀġ
ңЩ˯֮󱻻ѵļ˾ǣǵԪΪ֮ͬ䣡
֮Ǳضҷ
ֹˣУսĹԪĹޣҲʱ𡣡
ֹһҶˡ
֮ʮ˾ѵʱ򣬾Ѿע
ԣеļ˾̤ƽħ飬ܷ
Щ˯˾ǻܵ㳲ģֹ˵
ˣǬһεľ飬طѪܱߣ¹ߣԵֵѪ崦Ѫľ޴ѹƻ
ĿǰѾɹˣ
ţȷʵɹˣ
ѾɹˣΪ֪ǵĶħᲢϹʱѾϲ˵ܵľѾӹ˳Ƿ
ǣԵĳɹȴޱȾ޴ѹΣգӽҪСģңһвǧҪӲƴֹСĶ̵
ֹͻĽҶûзӦҶ淴ӦʱҶ۾ɵõһԲû
ǬĲԣסħս
ǣԣȴӲĽѪӾ˵ӽ𣬱ħսǧս۹ĺͺģ


2278 ·
δҶ淵ѪӾǣյѪӾͳ˧ӿ֪ͨȿٿ»顣
ӵݽ֪ͨҶ滹ЩԪ˧ӿ⾯Ժ۹⣬Ȼ˶ôͷѪӾǵΣ
Ҷϵʱ򣬻񡢻Ԫ˧ӿսһԪ˧ԲڣѪӾĸ߼죬͹ˣ㶼۹ڴѪܱ߹·ߵս塣
˵ʵⲻġ
ҶԪ˧ٵˡ׵Ļ񶨶ĶҶ˵
Ǹӵ֪ͨʱߡҶһ䡣
֪ǣҶԪ˧Ҫ֪ɽҶԪ˧ҪҲӦüʱԪ˧;ٴһ棬ϣһΣ𣿡
Դӳ׾֮󣬻ӲŹκһҶ͸ҶڿӵĻᡣ
żʮŸ߼棬һԪ˧ѾҪҶˡ
ϧǣϵҶ档
ĿӸԪ˧߼һһɨҶȻЦһ˧Ǳ˾Ԫ˧Ԫ˧Ա˧нƺٻָȨͳϽȨ
⣬˧ֽ飬ϲ
˵꣬ҶŻӿǷǷԪ˧պо飬ͷǰֽ֪飬Ҷĳδͷһݻ¼
Ԫ˧ӿţûмҶ档
ΪҪټҶ棬ֻĲڡ
ԭڣҶĲ磬Ҷ棬ȴվסŵġ
ڡ
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2279 ƽ
Ǵܣħĸ߲㣬ս۹˵ǷӦǼѸٵġ
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Ȼ˵Ϊ֮ˣȻչˣܻ쵽һųĴڣû汾ǲܵġ
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˾ڼʱڹΧѪ֮ĵʮ죬ħʶ̫׷գʾٽ


2280 ħı
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ͬǹĺڿԭĴڣǼӵġ
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һѪڷֵ󷨣кεȵƻ
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2282 Ļ
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²ʱ䣬Ѫӽ·Ŀռ䣬ֿһ࣬ڵһۿȥȻͷ
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зʬӣǣŵҪעʬҪ٣ħ壬ǧѷĻᣬɱһЩħӣ
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Ļļ˾Ҫĸ֮⣬ĻһսǿĻ
ĻսǰǿԹͲʵʿͽʿִϮδɢ
ȻʲÿսһǧˣҲͳһʱһ֡
ǼܲסĻռ
ĻռĻ
ЩĻһ½һ󾳽硣
ͨ񾳵սʿִԹȾĻֻܱ
ǽǿսвʻΪĻܹ֮ͨ񾳵ս㲻ˡ
ҲΪԭĻĻü
ĵ֮٣ҵ֮սӼңһ䣬ڶɢִתΪĻĿԶûС
һĻΪڿͨ񾳣Ķ֮١
εսͨ񾳵Ļʲôã
ĻսӵʵҪ
ЩĻΪָҪѪ͸
ЩĻֻǰرܵɳĻ˾սѰųֵĻ꣬ǰĻĹأתĻȻ
ûã
ҪǲҪôѪ͸
Ҫ֪ÿδսѪ͸ĻԼļ˾жĹӦĻ
ǣѪڻ̵ĺѪ͸һȴЩĻ˻ᡣ
ĻĻսӢս꣬޷ֱѪ̵ĺѪ͸
Ѫһ˺ˮĴӣһκȱڳֲ֣ѹͻ˳йݻһС
Ļսľ󷨵̫ϳǣо֮ǰĻϣͨʮ󷨵ļӹתӺͳȡսӢս꣬ĻĻ˰ȫЩѪ͸׳Ļᡣ
ĿǰΪֱֹΪѪϵĴѾ´
ÿ󷨣һսһĻѪڻ̵Ѫ͸׳Լ
֮ǰЩת;Ѫ⣬ÿʱ̲ͣĶսĻڷ·ˮһ㣬ͣɼѪڵѪ͸
սĻʵÿ춼ڲͣš
Ŀǰµս𣬺Ѫÿ춼ʱ̲ͣĻѪӾǵص׵Ѫڡ
սĻĳ£ÿӵǳޡ
ѪҪҪܳʱ䡣
ҶСӣǣİɣĿǰ£ѪѾûбĿˡڶȨͨͻȻ˵
ΪʲôҶĺ档
죬߸ѪϴͻὨɣÿѪĸսĻֻˣ
һֱü̫ϳ˿緢Ľֹˣǰڵ׼Ѿ꣬δڣÿ춼Ѫϴ
ºÿ첻ͣѪѪ͸սĻĿͻﵽʮ
ʱѪѪ͸ӣ½˵̫ϳ˷ܵĻһȭͷ
Ҷͷش󶨡
Ϣħս
ˣ̫ϳϣ֪Ѫڵ̫ͨƣоôˣ
Ҷһ̫ϳڳȨǣɫޱ


2283 ֻţ
龲ڣλȨ̫ϳǣң㣬һأû˿ڡ
󣬻ǵڶȨͨ˵̫ϸܰɣ
£ҶΪʥּ֮ˣ֪ǣ֪ͺãԲ⴫
Ϣй¶ΣֻţǲǴ鷳
ֻţ
Ҷͫ׶һͽ⼸֣ͱ̬ҶеĻҪء
ĵѪڵͨΣߵ̫ƣȵڶѪڷ̫ƣҪ¡
Ϸڲ˴ܺص֮ϸԱоҲûеóȷĽۡ
ǣ̫ƵоǵѪڼŹֵ̫ͨƵãֻֿܡ̫ϳ˵
֣
һֿܣѪ֮£ϵѪۻһ޴ֻǼʮϰټܾ޴ֱ׷鱦ĺ
컯Ϊ鱦ǺĿ϶ǴΧսɱ
һͻ᳹׵Ӱս֣ҪȻħҲɳô֪ħʦء
˵̫ϳһ٣һֿܵвǱȽСǿıҲ
ǵڶֿܡ
ʲô˼ҶЩס
ʮ˺Ѫ͸ǽǳѪӾǵص׵ѪڼٵһָδпʮսǿĻӢսꡣ
ôħпǾǰͲʮڳ֮£Ǻεȵǿ
ͨĽܻôʱҲֵȴֲܹġ
ǲ²⣬ҪлôҪ޴ħޡ
Ҫħ帴߻ʮǰĴսУѾ˯̫ħ񡣡
˵̫ϳһݣǰ߻ãǺߣǿ¾ˣ
Ϊ˶Ըֵ̫ħʥ˵껹ɵļ컯˲ս
ڣʥʮǰԪ֮ɵ컯ˣ᲻սһ
̫ħ񡭡컯ˡ
һҶҲûκ
ΪֹҶȻûʶ컯˵Ϊֹԭ컯֮ҶȴǼʶ
һƷϣȫѹǿ
ƷϵĲ࣬Ѿܹġ
ȷǿߵеľ컯
һٰľҲһ
ƷϵĲࡣ
ҲΪʲô̫ϳ˵ѵԭ
ħħҲֻ컯˲ܶԿﵽ޵İ벽ҲÿΪ裬֪ûжԿ
ǰҪģңѪڵ󷨺̫ƣΪ˻Ѻ͸̫ħô󷨣ǲģ
ΪΣҪʵֻʱĻۣ󷨱Ӱ첻
Щ̫ħ񱻻Ѻ͸֮ǰ󷨣Ȼûи׵ĴݻǵԪ顣̫ϳ淢ĳء
ңʮʱ䣬ͻѵħ񣬾Բֹһλ
ͻѵģ϶Щսޱ׺ħ񡣡
ǵֿأҶһʵ
ֿܣпܣòǵֿܣ̫ϳ˵
ֿܣȵڶֿܻҪֲҶʵ
ڵѪڵ̫УŲصơ
֮ѪͨŲƵŲƵҲпͨŲ󷨣̵ĺѪ͸͵ų˯Ҫ̫ħڵСؿռ䡣
ҲпܣͨһӴŲƾ
̵ĺѪ͸ֻ⼫ӴŲƾ̫ϳ˵
ŲƾħҪʲôǽһ޴ޱȵŲƾҪŲƵʲôطҶ׷ʵ
̫ϳĿ⣬ͻȻеԶ֪ڴܼܺУʮǰЩħߣôٵ
һ޴Ųƾ󹹽һԶ̵Ųͨħ壬ԴԴϵ˺Ĵ½
ǼλǿļλʥޱȾ޴ĴۣǸԶ̵ĿռŲͨ
Ĵ½ħǿĿҪʮ˵Ĵ½ͻ᳹ݣȫ壬ͻ᳹Ϊħȫū
˵ħ幹һ޴ޱȵŲƾҪʲô
ܣǾҪĵطҲǼ
һŲƾ󽨳ɣܹһԶ̵Ųͨ
ʱ򣬺ħԴԴϵӿĴ½һĴ½볹ݲԶˡ̫ϳ˵
ʱһεƶϣҵȨ̫ϳǣһغ͵ǡ
֮ޱȵҶżޱȵʵô̫ϣεĿԣж󣿡
ҲֻҪĳԶ̵Ųƾ󣬲Ҫħ廨Ͼʮ۲
ǵжϣεĿԣ١ɣ
ɡҶ涸Ŵͣ


2284 ħ
Ҷ뿪Ѫӽصʱ֮ǰ֪ڶѪͨϳɵѪɷ󣬻ϲܱϲãѾոյذϢɢͷǳأ
ʱ֪ҲһҸ
Ҷ治֪ѪһһֲĿԣֻ֪ϢôҶ˿̾ͿԻϲصĻȥնɱħ彨ˡ
ϧǣ֪ܣҶֹۣҶͷҲѹһޱȵʯͷ
ڻתѪӾ֮ǰҶ˼ͼӰ⡣
ڷ֮Ҷͽѹͷ
и߸Ķţ̫ħŲƾͨӰ쵽ģڣģֻ֡ɱħ
ͷҶԸͷظ֮ҶѪӾǣֱ˧
ǻ񣬻ͳ˧ӿֻƽžų磬˧ڻҵȴҶϢ
ΪϢԺӾǵÿһ֧ӣޱȵҪ
Ҷ̤˧ʱ˵Ŀ⣬䵽Ҷϣһޱ򶨵ƽžų磬ж¶һ˿ڴ
򶨣Ϣ¹˵ˡ
ҶԪ˧Ǳô˵ڶ೤ʱṩԤԪ˧ӿɰͰ͵˵
ҶĿڳһһɨͻȻ䣬¶һ˿΢ЦλһϢڶȨͨɺ̫ϳ˵޷󣬵Ѿҵ˿ٴصѪķ
ĿǰսҶȣĿǰսҶټǿһص׵Ѫ󣬶ûбĿܣ
˲Ϣ䣬˶ˣһ˾޴ľϲƽžųϣҲ¶ظ֮С
ģ̲סȷ
ģ
Ҷصͷֵһ򣬡ͨȨսһ

ҶĺϢȻȫ֪ڸ߼Щ߼һĴ񣬼פѪӾǴսǣʿǣԭĪѪӾϵһɨ⡣
ڴһﶼޱȵʱƽžų磬ĵǰݷҶ档
Ҷ棬ʵңϢǲΪأֻΪģϢԸսַһżɽǳֱӡ
˧˵ﻰ⴦Ϣǧȷ
Ǳ˧ôأͷǧصһ
УҪϣȻ˧û֪ĵͨ˧еġ
ͷѹ˧Ըоõƽžų粹һ䡣
ԣҶ¶һ˿Ц˧оһ㶼ȸ֪ĵͨ
һƽžųɫ䣬ô˵ҲˣֺŪ
ûУ
ҴϢģ
Ϊʲô㣿һɻ
ҴϢǧȷϢֵ֪֮һֲƶϡ
ʲôƶϣ׿ֲʲô̶ȣ׷ʵ
˵֪ĹصġҶЦҡҡͷֲֿγ֣Ԫ˧ΪҲ˶á
бԪ˧ߵĸţΣѾܹĵġҶ˵
ɫȴǶһ䣬ȱ˧ߵģָ컯ħħ̫ħ񣿡
粻ƽŵľųֱƶµľˣֱӾͲµ˹ؼ
࣬ʵܱӣѾܹˡԣڵĿֻһ
ɱħ
ƽžų񣬶رޱȵļᶨɱ磡

һʱڣħսԣûκα仯
Ҷȵսֻ۵ҡ
սħ岿ӣħ徫񣬴ħսľӺͨӡ
ĺʿĴܾӣչֳϬĹһȴﵽʮһʮһ
սħ壬Ҳʮҡ
ʱ䣬ҲƿʼģʽҶ棬ʹµı˾ͻɱ˺üΡ
ƴɱУ˾սʿȻһսжͻƣʵ˾޴
ڱ˾Ҷǻеĸһţֱǽ˾ҵĻһš
ҪʵǺǡ
һҶ治ڣûҶ汣ǣǾҵĻᱻ˲ݻ١
Ҷ£˷꣬Ȼȴӵǿ׳
ͬʱΪ˵סħֽʽʬÿ춼ڳڼ£֤һķʬ
ħΪƴֹΪصѪѪ͸
һϣħɹϵˡ
Ҷ澪ȵǣħ˼ӿѪӾǵص׵Ѫıնɱ˽ūʬǾӪʬӲȥĵط
նɱ˽ūūʬ幱׵Ѫ͸ûѪӾǵص׵Ѫ󱬷
£һսߴʮնɱ˰ūħ߲㣬ʶ˲Ծ
һҶȲĽսԶֹͣͬʱһɫħʰ껣Ϣĳħʥɽ֪ħʦϣľ޾ǰ
£˾ͽɣϷѾʱˣ֪ħʦϣش


2285 Ҫ
ʦħսǱߵսԣѾ޷ִȥˣ֮ȴûмκγɹǵԹܴ󡣡ħʰЩżʵЩĹǴѹܴ
֪֪ħʦϣ˵ͷ
֪ħʦϣ˵Ȼģħʰ껲ɵż֪ħսѪӾ·һ󣬵ô£Ϊʲôôˣû
Ҫ𣿡
֪ħʦϣƳһħʰ껣ǰһɵƵħʰǰ
һȵ븹ħʰ껽飬ͻȻͻⲻ٣֪ħʦϣٴοڡ
ħʱ²һֱ徳ͼָ
ᣬЩ˽ʵʱ򣬴֮£ߣֱѹ
ǣһսŸħ񹬵лûжʧЩܴǰѾЩѹס
ңһȻ˵дսǰʵսܾӶ࣬ǰߵʿ;ģѾﵽһٽ㡣ûκθıĻ¾ʿڼ
˵ħʰ껲ɼʦ󷨣Ҫܳ
֪ħʦϣ˰ΣŻڣħʱ££ܳһЩ⡣
⣿
ǵġ
£ӦˡãǰնɱūѪ֮ʱҲӦˡ
ûС
ϷƲ⣬оһͻԽչ֪ħʦϣ˵
ͻԽչʲô˼ħʰסˡ
ĿǰֲʧֻΪΪص״ṩѪսԣ۳ãܶ޷󣬴ӶĴˡ֪ħʦϣ˵
Ҫǰūħսʿǰˣħʰ껵ǳ鴤һ¡
Ĺ˽װʧûдɶսĿģħʰޱʹġ
ôģϷ֪Ѿоо˺̶ֳȡ֪ħʦϣ˵
̶ֳȣ
һ꣡
һ֮ڣǱ빥ѪӾǣռѪҪĿȨ
˵֪ħʦϣһ״ʮǰĴ½ʧ֮һֱ׼󣬿¾ҲûĻˡ
ʥ֪ʮǰͲ׼ΪٴγռĴ½Ļᣬܾͻ᳹ɥʧ
Ļᣬֲ֪öˡ
һꣿôأħʰüͷ
⻹Ϸֹ۵ƶϣһֻޣѪӾǡѪҪȨʱ䣬ԽԽã֪ħʦ˵
һꣿ
ħʰҡҡͷʦʱ̫ˣɣڴѾ˷ֺ׼¡
Ǹܶô꣬˫˽⡣ҪǴûзѪӾǵص׵Ĵû׼ʱͻϮ֮£оųɵİչѪӾǶشȨ
ڣܺǵ϶Ѿ߶ӣв롣
սһתĿֲ
һ֮ڹûκΰգ
˵һ꣬꣬꣬ٶľӣҲûǸաħʰ֣˵
ǰϷȻ֪һ㣬ԣħʱһ¡
£ʦԡħʰ˵
ħʱ£ԣʰߣҲҪ֪ħʦϣ˵
ħʰüͷһ壬ʦ˼ǣҪѣĴ½ǵİѣ
ǺĴ½֮أ֪ħʦϣڵָָ⡣
ʦ˵Щ
ħʰɫ䣬֪ħʦϣͷ֮ħʰЩΪѵ˵ʦЩһθڣɲ㰡
ħʱ£Ĵ½һ޴ޱȵķ⣬˭Լڡڵθڣ޷µģһãĵ̣ɲ򵥡
ѣֳһֺôһ˴⣬ֶΪأ
ңĵȻ嶼£ǷֳһЩһܾͲ̫Զˡ
ʱֻҪһ⣬̲ǣĴ½ΪĴ½ˣԶ𣿡֪ħʦϣ˵
˼ãħʰ껲صĵ˵ͷȷʵˣֻǺ֮Щһ޶ٽǲϵ
£׶ϷѾǰϵվкϢħʱ¾ǡ֪ħʦϣ˵
ǰߣ
ɱȫĵԮһƵУ


2286 ıĹ
ѪӾǳͷ⣬ʬɽ
ͷϿƮŵĴԭڷʬӵ˾˾Ŷѻɽʬ壬ȴһľȻûһ˿һҪʬ˼
һ̷ŵҩΪļƷʯٵĻָڿҪݽߵ
ѪӾǱγǽػڣЩս֮´ʮ򱱺˾ɣһϥڵأָĵеĸɴ͵غ˯ָĹȵľ
һϹѪֲ˿ڡ
Ϊ˾Ԫ˧ʱҲһѪ۵ϥڵأ鼫ƷʯٵĻָڱĵ
˾Ӫڣ̹ʱʱĴӵصЩ˵սʿϽ
Сľǿ£˾ʿ˱ˣ˷ɿ
ҲǴս񣬱˾ʿսֻ򲻵ħսս͵ľӵҪԭ
ȻһҪԭ򣬾Ǳ˾ӪɼͳȾָӵħսūӪˡ
һΪͶͨ񾳣ħսūߴϰ١ûޱۺĽħսūţڶ̶̰µʱڣսࡣ
ĿǰڱħսūѾߵ࣬ڵĲˡ
ǰһֱִвֻ׷˫սʵħͻȻ͸ıսԡ
ԭһֱûвսħʶֱ̫ǰߵħʮ˷ڶʮһڶʮ߷оܹͳ˧ľڰǰĹƶ֮ͣͻȻͷޱȵĹƣ
ħȫѹϣ
ڣѪӾսսʿѾʮ
ڵıսһţս룬ͳ˧ӿĻս֮һħս󶼶ԭûȫߵ¶ʮ
Ӽϴʮâţսʮࡣ
ܶʮƽţսʮࡣ
ѪӾǺ뱤ĶʮսѾߴɣʣµ˴ˣѾʱ˳սС
ྫ˾ǧˣİٵʮλ
ȻħʧȴسǷĴܣֻࡣ
ǣħĽ֮ƣȴһһҡ
Ҷı˾ֻ֮սҲսʱҶͣħսūųǰŽʧС١
̶̰ڣѪӾѾħս󶼶θ漱˵ѾԮ·ϡ
ǣ̶̰µսսķʽѾЩıˡ
ħսǧս۱֮ǰʹ˴ǧս۱һʱڣʵħսսһǱġ
ǾǱԱԽ
ıͽķֱ𣬾ǵ
ϣħսսУԵ֮¿ս
ǿߣǺֱӲ뵽սеġ
ڣħ峤ýս֮£γɵһսȻǱ
Ͼͨһ֮µĽʿһãͻƬɱƵıɱ
ǣ̶̰ڣֳ˺üħսϵǱѾˡ
˫ĵѾʼֱӲ뵽սС
еǶ
ǿߵ״γֺУǿռšӵдΧͨһҪռܴơ
Ҷı˾٣Ҳйء
ҲΪսʽת䣬ѪӾǶԮһı仯
Ҫľʿ֮⣬Ҫʵǿͨĵǿߡ
ǰֻǻߣǹؼ
ֱܹӰһֲսʤĹؼ
ǴʱڳǽϷսâһ˾ڵİλǿߣ˾еλǿ߷׷׳
һŵâžųӼΪʿҲλı£ὣսƴɱѪȾۡ
Ŀǰ£âŴķǳɫҲķǳǿĵֵסħĽϣռš
ҲʹʱâŵһλħħУˡ
λħħ׷ɱͼնɱλ˵ĵ
ħ壬նɱԷĪľ
ңĿǰս£һһе䣬ǶԾʿĴ
ΣΪâŵľųȻ
ǿ߿ɲǴײˣ
̬þųѣλܵĵǿλâŵĵͷһ˸ԾĵǰԮһλ˵ĵ
ǣƾеĵǿߣ˵ܳߵġ
һλĲסһλâŵĵΪ˾ˣƴ˰һƣؼʱʩչͨҪնɱ˵˹Ȼٺˡ
˵սȷġ
Ҫǰǰȫû⣬λħ׷ǿûκ⡣
ǣʱħսԱԽǱѾơ
λԼ֮ͬѸԶλÿյħضһۣһЦ˫˫·սͨʿȺС
ǿߣͶ֮䣬ͿԺɱͨĽǿߣǽǿߣҲͶŸС
һ˲䣬âŵӪУҽ
ħħ壬ҲǼթרЩŽεĸ߼졣
̶䣬âŵĸ߼ͱɵλЩƴ屣Լҽֱӱɱ
ڲңָжϵâţپ񣬴˿ҲǴҡ
ڴ˵Ƚŵս£˲Ϣ֮ƣء
㣬סǣâžų۵ŭâţǽ죬δĸ
ͷϿգһֱսƽžųĿһͺȵ˾Ӧâ


2287 ĺ
ƵĽսڱ˾Ӫ
սд̼źһЩϢָġ˵ġ˯лָı˾սʿ׷˫
콥ĹУЩսʿɵԼװ⴩ĺصĿףֵҪڼףӦķ
һԼſϸǿʸšϹңȻ뵽ٽֵ֤սʱһ
ң׼󹭵ʱЩսʿѾϣ׼վλ
ʮսɲǣʮ򱱺˾սʿѾһɱս
սڣûκε
ʱǶԵѹ
⼸µļпʵսѾҶı˾˰ս䣬еľ
սʵѾµƽʵΨһģʿʵҪƽŲһΡ
ʵϵĲ࣬ѾҶþ׼ֲˡ
һλλѲ񽫣ϢսеҪλá
ЩѲ񽫣սʱǣƵ˸ֺϮɱоҪм
еħͻսЩѲ񽫣ҲԶݵǣһµħҪͨʿʱ䡣
ͨۻವļͣھϿգëǻδȫָľ޴İ̺ۣͨۻԾһľһ
͸ӷʴ飬ŷʴĶƤһӵϿգЩѾĴ˸ã֮ǰ̵ģûɾأ
Ҫǲ͸ϽҺսʹˣЦţͨۻǸˮͰϸ
Ҷױεʦηɰ׶һۣʦηɰһţһλױ̵Žٽ̸ɢһ飬ɢ˱˾ڲĸ󸽽
˾εҶĿ޼˾ǣϢվڸġ
սʱǽڵһʱԱз֣ʩչķΧͨ
ⳡսѾҶ潫Ŀ޼˾ԼŽٽ̣ȫ¶ˡ
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ǿ޼˾Žٽ̣ĿǰչֵĶǸСΧռһֱûҲûлչ֡

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Ҷһ˵ļֵ͵ֵʮħսūŵļֵ
һɲǣսĻֱһϹ۵ĸо
ЩĴսУħѾʶҶı˾͡
ҶһħʱͿʼݵĻҹħ徫͵ǿߣҶķ
ҶĵشսʱӰʵ̫
ҪƵشЧǹҶ棬شĳ
˲Ϣ䣬ħʹӸҶ档
״ҶȴһЦӡس֣һ̤ɽܱͨߵĿռݷظɲǣӡѾǧ״СֱӸħ
ͬʱһħĵشͬʱǿ
ЩĽУҶΪϤħǣҶһУٶȶԶ
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ӡ֮Ͻħݺݵĺ䵽˵档
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λ䣬һλҶԺɽƵģ
Сè;ͷǣƣҶһĵѹħһĵ
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ƵǣҶʱ䣬ֵĶȫħ塣
ħĵħ𣬳֮⣬ĶǸҶЩģҲȫĵħҶҲûκô
ǰĴսѲҶҲΣ
ҪȻֻҪͻƵҶսܹһʵͻƣ
սϣսܼһƳƽоһű˾Ҷ棬ɱħˡ
Ŀǰ״̬ѾԶˡ
󷽣ָսħʶ̫׷գֱš
ǲҶͷĴܣǰ
ǣĵɵɳȥˣûɳȥģɳȥаš
ż䣬һ̵ֱħʶ̫׷յ֪ħʦ࣬ͻȻǰ
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ϣ֪
Ԯħʶ̫׷նסˣ


2289 
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Ҷͷĥ̴СӡǴ߶ķӡһ㣬֮ħ׷ܡ
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ҶĿ⿴ȥɲǣ۾һ´
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һмĶһҶ棬ǧɫì͵һʹҶ档
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Сģ

Ҷ漸Ǳܵĺĸ֣ǣٶ̫ˣҶŭɲǣǧɫìſֲɷѾֱӹҶΪĵı˾֮С
⹥̫ͻأٶ̫졣
ҶѾûʱٻӡ
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쳣̶УʮɢŨŨɷİɫìҶĽֱӽҶõɶ𣬿Ѫ硣
ͬʱ޸һĻʧ壡̫һ壡


2290 
޸һ塯ѪӾЩԴŵļ˾͸ǣɫ䡣
Ǳѿޱȡ
ƽŵľų磬ɫһɲǸǱѿޱȡ
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һɲǣ⻪⣬ŭҶ漲˹


2291 նɱų
λϢȸոձܵĮҪǿĴڣҶ漲˹
Ϊ˵ǣ˹ɲǣԭ˷ŨޱȵԪ˲Ϣʹﵽ˽ݽߵĳ̶ȡ
ҶͫΪ֮һ
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в֣ɳ˳ʱͻһ۾໽Ҷ档
ͬһɲǣһλǿսʦηɰףͻȻ使߳һŽٽ𣡡
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ͻȻһ񣬾һβ͵һ㣬͵̽˸ոճħУһѣͽججûдһǿֲлָ´ץ˹
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ͬһɲǣСèһ磬׵ģһռ֮гͨۻĵǿͷ¡
Ҷٶȣ޷ڵһʱϹȥֻܿСèˡ
٣ֵܣ㣡
ЦУͨۻֱӽܹħǰžų´ӸҶ棬˭ҪңһҵĶ֣˹ȥ
ɫĽնҶֱӽӹħǰžų´Դһס
´Ԫݳ֮ʣһǾ׺죬ֱӽ´Ԫޡ
⾪֮עҶ͵ظ߾ħǰžų´ԴҶ𵴵شս
Ⱦų´Ѿ𣬴ʱʱ
ȻħǰͶǲܵġ
Ҷ˾٣ּѹħʿս⡣
ȻڶħҶžų´Դޱȡ
´һħͬ
ǿǾų
Ǿе
ħ֮Ѫͳ߹Ĺ壡
˲Ϣ䣬ڽƷħƾʹ˴ңЩֱ´ָӵħǴҡ
ħҵĻᣬѾɱħı˾ƽоԼ΢ĴۣԡѪɱأ
ս󷽣ħʶ̫׷տһĻɫࡣ
ų
Ȼһų´
Ǵ˴ǧսսľְߡѪħ壡
һԣΪ̫һʥӵӢӣŴű̹Į˻صҶ棬͸ɱ


2292 춯
ڻ޸˵ʲôԼλ̫һ񽫣˿ᡣ
ͷ˾޸ʮλռ˾սһ
һʱ䣬˷ͷ·ľκˣֲطľҲ˲Ϣýսıһ籩С
ֱӱͣⳡ˫ͶʮĴս˷սǣһȦȦͣĺˡ
û°ɣ
һɢżϢʦηɰ׳Ҷࡣ
ΪĬηɰһһλŽٽ̵ʱɢηɰ
ֻҪηɰԸ⣬ηɰ׿̵ʱھŽٽ
ʵʦηɰһԸŽٽִɱӦħսϺֱײɱǲŽʹ졣
Ҷǿҽ£ʱΪʦηɰٶŽٽ
ЩǣҲǱ˾ķ̡
żηɰ׻һصŽٽ󣬵ϣһֱûù
Ҷ˵ǡʵ
ⲢҶ汣ʵڵſˡ
ôľҶ֪˲֪ĵƶһţʤͻĿԾܶһء
¶ĵƣѾǵˡ
Ĵ½磬˴ܿͨ
ڹһǰκα¶ĵƣǵˡ
ŽٽֻҪ۵أҶ滹СֻͨۻԵˣηɰ׾һɣ⻹¡
ԣҶһֱȰʦηɰţؼʱ̣Ա
ʦЩӣҶȰ裬򲻻ġ
ЩҶһɪϣԽԽᣬȻᣬҲҶһ˵ᡣ
֮ǰڿ˳֮󣬿ʼޱθҶһӡ
ϧôˣһֱδԸ
עЩ̫һļһǵʵǿ󣬶ңԪƺһȻƿءҶ˵
Ҳˣ֮Ԫƺǳˣǳ˱Ҳ޷һ˿һԪǵͨ
ҵŽٽӰ첻һɣʦηɰ˵
ٺ٣ҵӰҲû󣬻ûӰ졣黹ûֺ꣬ԴϾͨۻһǱ
Цƨ
ǰÿң
սҵսͿɳս½ɣһ仰Ծ˵ıȽˡ
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Ҷϸ֮ʣ΢΢һС͵õʾ⣬ܹ̫һĮڵʮ÷ԪǧɫͬʱһСͨط
֮ǰҶ沢ûڵһʱСͨΪ֪̫һܵ״
óȻɱĮĿǰѩϼ˪ѪӾǣһǿУǾͲˡ
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ڣ̫һ񽫣޸ʣֱĻǲһӦһԲͷս̬ѾȷޱȣҶ滹Įʲô
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˵ʵսôãҶ涼ûһСԸʵļһ
ҶᣬѾЩȲˡ
ȻҶҲȫСߵطͻԼ
һʱ䣬Ҷͻʱռ
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ҶдϢɵĺ鱦׹ޣźУˮ鹬ڸһ꣬ϵˮϵطһ㡣
СͨĮںط֮пƺһԴԴϵ뵽Ҷڡ
ЩҶĿǰΪƿ޷ΪϹأСĿ£ֱӺڡ
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ֻǣ֮£ؿռݣҪȵؿռݸӺأƷҲǸʤһ
ĮһڵǿߵĺȥؿռݣȻֻۿɼһ㡣
ȻҲûطϣйϵ
ԽĵķԽ
ҶѾھؿռݣ׻жǿ
СĮڳط֮Ҷϵľϲ
ط֮ҶţӦòط
Уˮϵط֮ƫ࣬Լϵط٣ֻҡ
ҪҶ򣬽ЩҵطԼ
ˮϵϵطӿҶڵɲǣϵط֮˵ȻȻľͳԪ֮УȴҶȻԼ
ĮˮϵطӿʱҶĺˮ鹬ڵͻȻ両֣Хһ
ͻȻ䣬Įˮϵطеһ֣ҶӦҶѾںˮ鹬ϵȱط˹
Ӧˮϵ֮߹֮ʱӿҶԺ
Ƕ̶һ˲䣬Ҷ֮ǰֻĳɲһطͱĮĴˮϵطеһֲ롣
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷĺˮ鹬ڣһˮϵ취֮
ˮϵط֮γɵɲǣصƾƾ˺ˮϣҶĺˮһ
ҲڴʱҶͷһͻȻĳһޱȵϵ
֮£Ҷ˳ϵѰ˹ȥ


2293 в
Ҷ˳ͻȻֵϵһ·˳һѰȥԸͻȻϵǼʲʱҶ治ɵһ
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ͻȻҶϵģȻҶ½̫źצ
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ΪҶϵʲô
ֻҪϵҶĳ̶ֳ϶ԣͿԴ߶ֻ̫źצ
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Ҫܹ߶̫źצҶܹӵһͨ鱦ҵɱ
ʶģҶ波߶һ̫źצ
һɲǣ̫źצʱͺ¡¡ʯ鿪ʼɢ䣬̳
̳У̫źצԳıòīۿ飬վɽһ磬򰾢һָצ˵ǣһ˸ɭȻצ⡣
һҶռһƷײһºצ⡣
ϢģǼƷͱ룬пڴ⻬羵
ҶѾסˣ̶ȣĿǰƷѴƷĺ鱦ɽҲɡ
ҶùһԷʥƤùȥһ
ͣ
ͱֽһһʥƤͱһ
Ҷ涸ؾˡ
ԷʥƤȻ˵ûʥļӳֻ֣ԭɲķ
ҲǵʥƤ
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סϲ֮£Ҷ波Ž̫źצС
ɲǣһ޷ݵɷ֮ҶϮһɲǣҶǾþɱ¾Ԫ飬鲻Խսһ¡
Ҳڴʱոɵĺˮڵ꣬ͻȻ両֣ٴγһ
УҶɷ֮Ȼͱ޺Ȼһڹ⣬ֱˮڡ
ˮڵϢۿɼ׳һ˿
Ҷһ
ˮڵ꣬ǺˮڵָһԽǿˮйصͨطԽǿ
˵ģÿǿһ֣Ҷ׵ܾǿһ֡
ˮ·Ѿɣ̫źеͨҶͿˡ
ʱ긨£
ԺҶ浹Գ׳ˮꡣ
Ҷĳ룬ˮĴ߶£һƺˮ˳̫źצľעУҶ̫źצ֮ϵԽԽܣԼԼ䣬һޱȵϢʼ֡
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ִ֪Ҫãǳֱ仯Ǻϡ
ýսҶѰ̫źצ
ջҶԺһֱڿǵһ⣬Ҳ˴𰸡
½ʱ̫źצʱ̫źĴػ߹ū˵ҶҪȡ̫źצҪ۷塣
Ҷĺ廹ԶԶû۷壬ںˮ֮ʣ̫źצϵĿܡ
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ūֻ̫źеػߣ̫źеĽ̵ߣ̫źҲ졣
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еϲãҶ潫ĿͶԶеĴսϡ
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Уλ̫һ޸ʮλռ˾ս
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Ҫǣ·һȻʮλռ˾
ʮһ˶һȻ·磬֮ƣ񽫵ʵ˾֣
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һʮһλռ˾λǵڣλǵڣ޸ΪƵĵǿˡ
ȻҶҲóҪ񽫽ؼ˷Ԫһɶ
иԪҲͬʱǳɸɾ
ʮһλĴռ˾ѹûԪԵͨ˿ܷӳԭ߳ɾͲˡ
˵̫һ츳ǿơô̫һ츳ǿؼ
ҪĻ̫һ壬̫ˡ
κͨǰҪۿۡ
ҲҶ䣬СѾ²̫Įһ˿طͽҶĽϵ鹬֮ڡ
ҲڴʱĮһԪ飬Ҳ׵ɢĮǳ׵Ļɢˡ
ͬһɲǣս̫һʥӣɫͻȻͱޱȡ
Ǽűʥ棬ĮȻɢѵŽбʥԳ֣
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˶һۣ˵ϣҫ˴ĿޱȵĹ⻪
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ϵĴĿ⻪˲ϢֱһȥȻӯص
в
ͬһɲǣ󷽵ƽžųɫ䣬ˣ޵ˣ


2294 ʮϢ֮
˵ƽžųʾ൱ʱ
֮⣬ڲսĻ޸мλռ˾ҲսޱȷḻĴڡ
֣в⻪ֵɲǣһͷܵĳ˼¶Ӧǿޱȵ
˶һֱܵľΣգ
ޱȵΣգ
Ҫˣ
ǣ£Ԥϵܹġ
вɵĹ⻪һԲһ˲ϢһֲֿޱȵĲɢ˷
һɲǣؼſĽľˮԪǷһڼ̵ʱڣвɵԲɡ
Ȼһֲֿٶ˷
ܹв⻪ܹӦвֲġ˾졢ʿͳͳܵķ
һ̣ǲžֵķ֣տɵԪ˿̾Ȼȫݽߡ
ô߶Ҳ޷һ˿һԪ
ֻܶԼ
һ㣬ǵķԵܱͨɡ
Ҫǣв⻪ڱḶ́ศ˵ֱ仯һ˲̬
Բһв⻪ڱĹУʼɱɱĵӣ
ΣԶʮѾתѪӾǵҶ棬ҲòȻɫ䡣
вʹ⻪ؼӹһ浶һ㣬֮ܵ
ǰߵĻ޸ϵٳʮ׼Ƿ󷨵顢ǡ壬һɲͳͳ䱬˷ĩ
⣬Ҳ޸ôٷ֮һɲǵʱ䡣
ٷ֮һɲǵʱ䣬޸Ӳθ˰ҡ
ΰθߵɲǣ޸ؿµʧ
޸˲ңĴռ˾ǣ͸˵ˡ
ΨһǣǾ΢һ㣬޸ôһ˿ԺԲƵıʱ䡣
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ʹ⻪ͬѩһؼһɨ
֮ģֻѪȻֹĲҽЩҽԪӳ˵ʹŭ
Բһʹ⻪ԽɢԽʹ⻪ҲԽԽϡҲԽԽС
գһʹ⻪ʮѪӾѾµػĻϡ
ѪӾǵػĻ͵ؾҵһ£ػĻĹ⻪˲Ϣ併͵һ㵱
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λٵĹؼʱ̣Ԫѡ
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ӵеĸҩͨλвӳĵռ˾ò˶ãӵһֻʵ½һġ
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Ϊ˾ϺûмʱѪӾǵʮޱȾƽоλֺĵ󽫣λֻԪ⡣
λֺĵ󽫣Ҳֻ޸һԲ
ʮƽŵĽʿնֱ
ʵǿĻǿӳ꣬ȴǳ׵Ļɢ
Ҫǣʹ⻪֮еһλʮλѲ񽫣Ҳ𵴳գֱӱв
Ҷľʹ
ÿռͨڿռвеѲ񽫰ҲӲвĨƽһĺɱ
ʹǣĨɱѲУǳҶµģ
ܹƵǿߵĽڵѲ񽫰
һ֮£ѪӾʧء
λ׵ĻɢλԪ⣬λ˽
ʮᣬѪӾǵػĻҲ㵱٣
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λڵǿֵһ֮
ҶһִҶо񽫵вɱУѪӾһĻѪӾǿ»ᵱƣ
ˣˡ
¼˷˵ƽžų磬ҲˣΪʮоֱӱɱʹ׶ʼŤ
ģȴǽĻ޸
سǣ
޸ýе˵Ĵռ˾мλռ˾Ԫ飬ɿѪӳǡ
ӹȥɲǣϰٵɢѪĴͷѶ޸зɳѪҪķ
Ҳ޸ĶҶ淴Ӧ
ʱҶҲ˲пܱ¶ˣҪ
ûսѪ죬ûһɫģѪӾǰһЩԪ黹꣬ͳͳҶսѪţ˲ϢѪӾǡ
Ҳһɲǣ̫һʥӵͻȻ쳹ʮϢ֮ڣɱĮǸһҽ
ͬһ˲䣬ѪӾڵ˵Ŀ⣬ʶĿҶķ


2295 Ƥս
ͬһɲǣѪӾػĻڣеĿ⣬ʶĶҶ档
ڴԣֻ̫һʥӵв£ܵķӦ
Ͼ֮ǰ̫һ񽫣չ˼侪˵
綦ʤĴ½ֻܱ࣬һ̬ȡᣡ
ᵽΪֹ
ѷʧأҲЭ
ʮ˲Ǿˣ˲Ǿǧˣ
ᡢѪͷ­ǾЭ
Ǵܵ۹Ѫߡ
ҲǴܵ۹ܹĸ֮һ
ԣھųɾ˶ԣ̫һʥӵвѹûпǹ
˵ҶǴسһͨʿҲû˸ҽȥ
˭ҽȥ˭ð֮踣ˣѾɱлˡ
ҲôһԴȵġ
翪ԭܣʥӵвĿһȽĿ⿴˴Ӽ˵ʲô
쵽ԭ뷨ĻڵһʱޱɭȻĿ⣬ÿԭܼڵĻӲ˻ȥ
ڿԭֶһĻӵܣ̻ʶһˮ׼ġ
һɲǣָӵƽžųһŤʹྡȥɱɭȻһһ´
󣡡
׼
ɱ׼
鱬ħ׼
ʸȫ綾
ѪӾڸţأҺһߣСȫСȫߣһȫһˣԪ˧£
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ľһ£ʹѪӾƵϾʱ̣ˣĿܣ
һʱ䣬ǸոջתϢâţҲѸж
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ʮ
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ѪӾɭȻתľʼɬͻҡ
ҶƣӦ̫һʥӽԪһⷨš
ִΧͨԪŴطʦ½봫µطУмƵ
Ҷ׼תطƵ̫һʥӵط֮ʱͷƽžų磬뷢ţһŭ
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һɢŨŨ·Ƥսģʱ;ٴӴռ
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Ҷ潣ͨһתƤսĹӰ죬ϸĹ۲
ոձве̫һ񽫣˿Ȼ˺̫һʥࡣ
һɾӣҶĸӦУϢȴԵ½
Ȼ̫һ񽫵ɱвʩչ϶Ҫһ۵ģ۱ȻС
ҪȻֻҪʩչвɱУ˵ΣֻҪʩչΣͿԳ׹ѪӾǡ
ڵΣʱڣٽ̫һ񽫣ûа취ٴʩչвɱеġ
ǣ̫һʥӣŵвѪӾǣвҶ档
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Ҷģʮа˾ţ̫һʥӣквǱвǿɱС
̫͡һ壬ж˽⣿ҶһʱͬΪ̫һĴ͡ѯʡ
ν֪֪ˣսʤ
Ե˶һ˽⻹Ǻõġ
ϣһ壬壬ֻѪл˱ͨطȵȣ壬ûжټ䡣͡˵
͡˵ҲʵҶֳԪ鰢鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫʵأ̫һ壬֪٣
Ҷģ˲֪ļһӦû֪Щʲô


2296 н
̫һ壬һߣӳŶϵĻӣԪ鰢м
Ԫ鰢Ĳף鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪҪ׺ܶࡣ
̫һ壬ؼĳ
̫һ壬κһֻҪؼԪӵмߵ׺׶ҲؼԪ
ΪԽԽߣ̫һˣؼԪƳ̶ȻԽԽߡ
ֻҪ̫һ֮Ϊﵽǵ츳ͨͻﵽһּ£ΪͬƿؼԪ
ǵУͨԪͨطҲɱɱ
̫֮ʱ̫һ壬սǿĹ֮һÿһʥӣڽλʥ֮ǰӵ컯˵սǿ쳣

ܵģԪ˵˺ܶ࣬Ҷ̫һǿͿֲ֮
ҲҶ̫һʥӵļɵ˼¡
Ϊ̫ʥӣҶĵһλӵ컯սĴڡ
Ԫ鰢̫һ壬ֻ֡ӣ
ҶԪʱ̫һʥӣɭĵʱҲ쵽


һ
һʱ̫һʥޱȿֲơ
˷ؼԪһɲ˷̫һʥӵڡ
Ĵ½Ԫ޾ⷽԲǧԪձգյ֮£˷ԪʱͲ˹
˷Ԫڲɲǣɱ̫һʥӸɵڡ
£˷γһɫ⼱ӿС
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ˣҶ棬磬ֻǲ޸ǻص˼¡
Ϊ˲Ϣ䣬̫һʥɢϢѾ˷񽫺߶вϢ
ҪгԽвĹѪӾǰôһƻ
󷽣ħʶ̫׷۾һĻߵ֪ħʦͷЦ⣬ϣ֪ţ
ûʲôñ˸ѪƴʡԼˡ
ߣƲԳԷƣһĵʱ̫һʥϢٴһ䡣
ڴʱնһһɢŰϢĵش̽
Ϸ򿴣ƲԳԷƵˣһɣԵƽһΣͣڣҲԣ
ŭȻɱʱʥӲȻŭƥ򣬱ʥӻû㵱Ѫ㾹Ȼһ磡
ʲôģ
ƾճֵĵڶȨͨЦţһɢޱϢĽɫǷʥ棬ȼ
н򣡡
ɫǷȼɲǣһȦɫĹⲨһٶȣɢ˷
ɫĹⲨ˲Ϣɢ̫ʥǰɫĹⲨȥɲǣؼ۵ɫУ˲Ϣɢȥ
ˣ̫ʥڵĿֲޱȵϢҲʼйһɿɢ
̫ʥɢ˾ޱȵϢɿıûве鶸һɣȻ۹⿴ڶȨͨɡ
е񣬶ֻһ˼еɱа
ҶҲޱȡ
νнΧڣҶѾӦһ˿һĽľˮԪϢ
ңҶֻҪ΢ɢһһһִԪϢʱɫнǷųȥ
˵ɫнǷֱ̫һĿǡ
Ҷһϲʹܵĵ̣ٴιĿ࿴
֮ǰڶȨͨ˵ƽ磬һ͡
֮ǰҶǵڶȨͨ˵ǳ滰ڿӦġ
ɫнǷĿƣ̫һ壬ǰ治ʲô
طϣɿɢ̫ʥӣɫرࡣ
Ϊôƽģ
ǿн򣡡
ʥʿధ֮£ǲǼѪû뵽Ŷ꣬Ƥˣֲˣ
̫һ壬뱻ƽһˣڶȨͨ⼸仰˵ɱɭɭոմչһ񽫣һҲ˾֮ɫ
ɼ̫һļ䣬жô̺Ͳʹ
ٵƽһԿʥҧгݵָŵڶȨͨɺȵ
кβңǴԱУбعڶȨͨӲޱȡ
һɲǣҶԵڶȨͨɵĸйơ
֮ǰΪ˽˳ͻᵳųѵҶ漫ڶȨͨɡ
ǽⷬȴҶʶڶȨͨѪһ档
һ̣ͨΪڶȨǺϸǷǳģ
ʥȴûбڶȨͨѪɱŵЦװˣнȷʵһĿǡ
ǰڣͲܹн˰ɣ
֪ǵнĴмţ
һ˵ͷΪ֮һҶ棬Ҳʶˣǹؼ
Ҳһ˺νԼٴβֺĴ½սµĸԭɣ
ڶȨͨɵûκα仯ǿԶһѣ
Ϸ򲻸ǻᣡڶȨͨɶ߳ڹȥڽһͷ绹Ҵ棡
ҪȻħսս½֮ʣ̤ƽ֮ʱ


2297 ֪ħʦϣı֤
ڶȨͨɵвûʥӵıӸᡣ
֪Щ壬Ѫ츳ͨǿ󣬻ÿһˣӵޱǿʵ
ѪõķܼѣӦǿƼѡ
ǵ걻Ѫϴ֮
ǵڣһÿһѪǶҪص顣
ǿķô̫꣬һ˿ڣûг
ڶȨͨɣȻҪǽ̫һͷ
ʲô
ΪһʥӣʱҲò֡
ٲϣһһתظ͵̽ʵ֮ǰ
ԣͨȨвʥһΡһ֣µ񽫺ϰ飬ħ󷽡
ȻʥӴµԭ򣬻ΪڶȨͨɸոմ߶н
ֻҪнڣһʵ޷ӣ״ҲޱΣգȥ
һ£ħʶ̫׷۾΢΢һУħʶ̫׷ձ
Ѫսħʹձ
ѪӾػĻڵһڽ죬ͷͬʱһɡ
һĴսǶɹˡ
Ƭ̺󣬵ڶȨͨɡȨİʹŶʮλɢǿϢĴռ˾פѪӾǡ
ڶȨͨɲûҶһʱٿ»顣
ֻǸƽžų罻һټһڼ˾ѪӾǵ̳
ΣԪ˧ӿЩΡ
Ԫ˧ӿǴ󶼶ԭѪӾǷͳ˧
ֻǣʾлָƽžų磬Ԫ˧ӿĴڸУԽԽ͡
Ҷյľ
ָȺжԱƣھʱڻָսԱӦնս
ƽžų綼˵жսôնжս
Ϊһ֮ͳ˧Ҷ滨һʱʱ䣬̽һԱһȫʿ֮󣬾ͽһ£촦ãҶԼӰ˶Ŀ֮ҶԼڵһʱʱռ䡣
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ҶΪһĮڵطҶĺˮ۳һˮϵ
ҶĽϵ˴ƬĽϵطҶͻƵֽһ
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ҶħսôãطħĿ࣬ϡ٣
Ҷ˲Ϣ˾пܣʱڣһҪնɱ̫һˣԸʵ
ѪӾ£̫һһĨɱ˴ʮѪΪҶľûκ
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ĿǰܹҶսķֻ̫źצ
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֮ɭϣսϣ˵ҶһǹҲ˵ննˡ
һɲǣҶ£ڵʮ۽֮ǰ˾۽̨ϡ
Ѿ룬ƽžųӦĽ˼䣬ͳ˧Զսʵеյ֮
Ҷ汾ΪĴսһ
ɻħ徫ַѪսҶû뵽ǣħͷģȻ̫һ񽫡
˿̣µĻϵǰλ񽫣ڻϵﴦѹ
⣬ײ
սвԣλ񽫾Ϳ˲Ϣ֣ǿֲɱв
Ҷ澪㵵ǣλʩչвϢȻ
ͻȻ䣬ҶĿ֮ʥӣڸ󷽵ħʶ̫׷գ֪ħʦн̸š
һĻҶоһ䣬֪ͨ˴͡
˲Ϣ䣬͡ͽλĶԻԭⲻҶĶڡ
ʥӵ£㲻ǵ鱨ѵִħ񹬵֪ħʦϣ˼𣿡
˼ι۲Ѿȷϲ׿ڱ֤ĿǰѾûн֪ħʦ˵
仰ʥӵ鶸رüᶨ
仰Ҷ棬ȴʼһ³


2298 һ壿
˵ʵ̫һĳҶԴħս߳˵ǡ
ڶȨͨչֵнȴҶġ
սͨǿޱȵ̫һ壬Ҳûпǡ
ߵȴһʵĲࡣ
̫ؼԪƿأǵ츳ֻҪ˻ţ޾
չֵнȴһԵķ
ֻнλȨصĵڶȨͨУ֪н
컹ԣǲܳ죬Ǿһһš
ս֮£һã̫һͻһ
죬Ҷ滹ǵġ
죬ҶֵѾʵ
֪ħʦϣֲ֮ˣɴޱ˻ɬѶĻ֮ԣҲ˵ٻƭˡ
֮Ҷ˿̻ѾԶ϶Ѿûнˡ
Ҷֻϣн㹻Ĵ
˼䣬̫һĻ񽫣Ѿʼս
ܵ°ܽ˭뱾񽫴սٻغϣݳһԵƣָѪӾǷ
˲Ϣ䣬ѪӾǵĽʿǣŭĽЩʢͨʿڴżߵк͹Уߡ
ѪӾϿƮŵĸ߼ĵռ
һ̣ޱϣһλ߽վ񽫻˺ɷ飬ѪӾǵľʿԻᱩǡ
ϧǣѪӾǵĽǣҶڣûκж˼
ⲻս֪֮
ǰĻ񽫱ʵͰ񽫾ʱԿС
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Ǳûжֵ˼ҲףûǸš
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ҶȻ˼ҶȴĿ⿴˵ڶȨͨɡ
ҪǵڶȨܹ֤̫ͨһ񽫿еʱ򣬶нֹǵĴУҶ͸ϡ
ҪȻһսֱ仯ֱӿвҶֻܶ鱦ʮԪ챦顣
ң㶯ʮԪ챦飬ҶҲ֪ܲܵв
ҪǣһʮԪ챦鱩¶¾ͻҶ鷳
鱦ٵ۾ϹҲӰӣ֪Ҷһ鱦ǲ÷һһ͵ϮҶ档
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Ҷʧ֮࣬ҲΪΡ
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Ҷʧʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬һ˾Խڶ
һԳƶԪƿ˫ʵȴܱ
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ħڣȴ߳
ԿóЦ͵ħ壬̵ĺࡣ
ܽһΪһ壬ǰλռҲǾˡ
ݳʱȻŭ֮壬Ȼĸ߹Ѫ
ŭȼ䣬ݳҲԣһһ֣ؼʱϰޱȵĻλռ
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Ҫǣ˷ؼϵԪ۹ȥɲǣɫϢڲϵļǿš
£ձݿʼжŵħָ֣ܲ£׷׺ˡ
һΪλޱȵռĵʱλռٴδЦСҿϷּ֮
һдڣдɢµɷ֮ĹȶسռС
ռֻһȣϰϢͶͣͣոΪ۹ȥԪǵİϢʱԭ㡣
ͬһɲǣؼԪۿɼģһ㼯ǵеĹ֮ϡ
һӼ䣬ϳһɢɷ֮ĽӰͷ̫һĻݳ㡣
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ڻӰֵɲǣλڻݳԶλ񽫣ͬʱˡ
ؼ䣬λͬʱ֣ſݳ˳
ݳ㣬ëѾɻҽҲ˽̿ȥޱȡ
Ҳǿȥ
ƣʵϲ
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ͬһɲǣٴγʩչвʱй
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һ˴򲻹ֿʩչв̫޳ˡ
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֮ǰҶҲǵһ㣬ûðճ֡
ʩչв֮ʣ󷽵ʥӵͻ
̫Žȣ
ʥûϴĻִƴȵˣӦþǴɣ


2299 ʥӵֶ
»¡裬Ϸ򣡡ֳ̫Žȵ¡Ц
޾ĴЦҶ治Ϊ֮ĿϸĴλδıĻ¡裡
һɫĳۣۺͷʰɫէһ˾һһ
ϸ۲죬ȴָܲһ˿һĻ⡣
Ѿϵµı֡
Ҷעģȴ̫Žȡ
ǰŵĸ̫֮Žȣǻ֮ˡ
Դʱ̫ŽչҲֵϡ֮߸ˡ
Ǵǽɲž˰ŶãǾͶ˻֮ʥ۾
ԣ¡ȴǸе̫ŽȹЦ̫Žȵĵˣ̫Ž̽ʱж˿ţ
ϷûǴһ˿ڣʱӦаʮɣ
˵䣬¡ޣϷˣʮĿصնһͷ
֪һڻжˣʥӸ֮˵ţ¡軹˹֡
һĻûʥӵıӸඣҧгݣ˫Ŀ𣬺޲˻¡衣
ʮһͷڣôˣ̫һ廹ûл㣬˿ڻûг
ƥ򣬴˵Ѫһ壬ء
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¡ʥӷһڻɫŨ̵ǣҲ˵Ѫ𣿡
նǰʮͷǾѪˣ̫һûаڣҲʮ˰ɣ
ǣǷǴѪ
ȻŶ꣬ͺ˰ʹȻĿŵվħһߣԸҴܣ
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ǴĹ壬𣿡¡ɫŭ߳
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Ȼ˵ʷ飬ڣҲ֮ǰʷء
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ңڼ¼ЩԶĴ£ܼҲǳĸߣ˭ܹġ
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¡ȴҶ˺ܶõϢ
ǰ̫һΪĳЩԭ忪ս˴
Ѫɱ磬㽫̫һ塣
ңĹ壬ֹһ

¡赱ŭ߳ʥӵɫر࣬ŭɶָ¡ŭ
ƥڵ̫һ壬Ѿǵ̫һ壬ڵǵ
һս̫һٹ⣬Ĵ½֮ս
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ʥһŭ߳ˮɲǣʥͻȻһ̤ޱȵĲʹ⻪شʥɢ
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ԭѪӾһ飬ҴʱֵľΪոնؼݼ֮δȥ
ѪӾһؼԪľϵϵԪԼռɡ
ϵϵˮϵԪռʣµɣˮϵԪı͵ġ
֮Ǿͨͨطĸսľϵϵͨ߱ȽռţˮϵľͱȽϳԿˡ
ȻԪֲӰ첢󣬿ɶ
ǣʥһ̤ؼԪʼı
ͷ·Ҷ鹬תһһȱˣ֮£ʱ̵ʱתȱٵ
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ʥһ̤ؼԪȻڼ̵ʱƾתˮ
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£¡̫һˮս͵ͬڸս
¡ͨطȵ˵ؼܲˮԪѹƣеĻ̫֮ŽȼӲˡ
෴ģˮ񽫵ͨܣﵽ˴ȵļǿ
һĻҶͫΪ֮һ
̫һ壬ʵĺܲһ㡣
ƾʥһܻͿ̫һսʿսɱɱ
̫һжˣͲСơ
䣬ܹõǿսɱɱط֮ͨ١
ģʥӵĽ£е̫ŽȵܵѹƵĻ¡裬ˮѹŴЩǱ
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ˮҪǼЦٲŲŻȥ֮һҺԺ
ң
м绯һ㣬˵ͷĪһ
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˵ţֻ⻪ɲǣϮ¡ˮٶȾͱޱȡ
ͬһɲǣҶĵ͵һ


2300 ȱһѹ
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ͬһɲǣҶڴŵǼƷ̫źצҲ⻪ɲǣ·Ӧһ
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ǲͬһ̫źϵ㲿Ǿ˵ˡ
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ܹɱ粢㵴ƽ磬ľ̫һżƵֶΡ
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нһ̫һʵͻᱻƵġ
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2301 ı
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Ҷ۽ɨһ۸߿йսڶȨͨɡ
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Ҳޱϲı飬ȴҶͷһ
̫һ嶼϶ˣƾı֣˫Ըĵ˵ֶζǳ˽⡣
ҪĶԸһ񽫣ôôɵɵɳأ
Ҷֱ⣡
⵱У϶⡣
Ҳڽ񽫴Ц֮ʱһֱڰ״̬ͻظһ˿Ц
ͻȻͶһػƵĳǹҲƣһǹֱǰգ˲Ϣʹ̳ǹâ
̳ɲǣÿһǹâڣԼԼǵĻХ
ǵĻХСèХһ
һֿӰͻ
ХҶ˫ĿУȻĪĿһͷӰᴩؼİɫ޴ĻӰ
ɫӰֵɲǣʥӰؼϵԪ˲Ϣʧˡ
ּҵķƶԿֱ֮𣬾ڽĿ֮£˽񽫡
ΪҪǣ⻢ǹ̳ԭ޷ɵѹطҲѹȱʧһͻȻͱˡ
ѹ˲Ϣγɣ
ԭ̫һ񽫣츳ײȡõԪͻȻͲǿˡ
ǵʵʼ½ع鵽˱
ԭ£ѹ֮£ʥӵܻԪ֧񽫣񽫻ܹԿġ
ƫƫʥӷΪƵУֱӽؼԪ˽Ԫ
Ԫһʱ֮侹Ȼƿء
̫һ񽫣Ȼʧȥ츳̶ּ̣ʧȥʥӵļӳ֡
һֳ֮ս˵ʵڶʱڣгѹ
ÿһλսޱȷḻĴڡ
ңһɲǵսʵϾһϹΪ̫һ徫׼塣
ȵľһ̣
˲Ϣ䣬չķɱһ񽫴ܣ
ִܣʥҲӦӲϾ
׻ǹ
֮Ƕ𣿡ʥֱĿɿڴ
ԶڶȨͨЦ˾ܶˣ
ǰδѵˣһСֶΣû뵽Ǿɵɵǰ
̫һ壬ôһ㶼û䣡ʮǰļУһĴֱˣڶȨͨɺԥĿ˴󳰷
ʥɫ֮ʣһԲս
ʱֻԲսܹŤתս֡
ǣıļһô©ʥء
ϷĻ飬̫һޱȣգʶһ£
ɲǣɢϢɱؾʥӡ
̫һǿ󣬾ǿǶؼԪƿ֮ϡ
£߸սͷǳĳԿ
ǣ޸Ļ飬ȴֲӰˡ
ܶʥӵӣԶҶ
˵ʲôɲǣʥӵɫͻȻ䡣
͡һǰ̵ʱ۳һһľˮй⻪ת
ֵɲǣʥӵǰϢնһյâ
һǵâֱӽʥǰ˲Ϣ۵ľնƣŰݡ
Ǻǣʥӣĳ˴Ѳ˾ܽͷԽԡ
ԽԵ˷𣬵ȴܹԽԵӰ
ʥӵɫˢһ¾Ͱˡ
λԪӰĶϢɱѾûκλȥ֧Ԯˡ
һȥ֧Ԯ񽫣пΣա
ҪǣʩչѹϮ֮£Ѿȫˡ
ǽ񽫣ܴأۿžҪΣˡ
£ʥӼˡ
̫һѪһ˶ޱȣ˵һǶˡ
ʥһ¾ͼˡ
̫ӣˣʥӷŭһ̣ʥӶԹ۵ħ壬ǳĲ
ħʶ̫׷ȴûǽĿ⿴֪ħʦࡣ
΢΢һЦͷ֮ʣͳչ˹֣ͻ֣
һɲǣһʹ⻪µɲǣҶɫش䣡


2302 
ǵʹ⻪µɲǣͬһʱɫģҶ档
ڶȨͨɣȨİƽžų磬Լռ
ȻҶɫޱȵԭȴһ
Щ𾪵ģΪһ̵ֱָħʶ̫׷յ֪ħʦ˵ġ֡
һ壬Ҳ̫Ź塣
ңһͬսǿĹ塣
սǿ󲻿¡
ܺʹսǿĴڣµģǻһǾõ
һ壬õ߼Ԫ֮
˵һ壬ؼԪ֮ǿ壬ҲǹĪ壬ͬʱҲµĹ֮һ
Ҫһһ֮ѡһˣôһٴλᣬԶѡһ塣
пܣɲԸһϡ
ڶȨͨ𾪵ĻһҶ𾪵ģȴǴƾսµһʹ⻪
һʹ⻪⻪Ԫ⣡
ʵԪ⡣
Ҷ濴ＫϤԪ⡣
ҪǣԪϢȻ뵱뿪½ĲµʻЩ
ֻǰһԪӵǿˡ
ԪɲǣЩѾҶյĵ׵ĶԲµ˼֮࣬˲ϢӿͷҶ촽
ȻҶ֪Ͼûôɵ顣
һԪ⣬ͻǲ³û飬ǲܷġ
οǰһԪɢıҲǵڵ
Ҳô̵ʱڽΪͻƵڡ
ֻǣҶڼӵеʻԪϢҶѾ⣬ΣҪνĻһУϢ
²ǻһˣôҶҲŴӻһе֪ؼ仹Щ࣬ʻ⡣
ϧǣ˿̵Ļһ壬Ȼǵˡ
ҶԴݣǿеõϢ鱨Ǽѡ
֪ĻǰҶѣҲôΨһһοԵ֪Ļᡣ
һƾճֵԪ⣬ǳϬֱ˴ĵ֮ڡ
ֱӺýѪԴҽ
ܿڵΣͻᾪֵķ֣ʱĽĲ˿˿ƣԪ֮ϣҲơ
ԪĿλãһ˶ޱȵɢԪϢ˿ڣԪήޱȡ
һ֮£ȻͻϮ֮ӣֱش
ҪǣŽԪ鱻ش֮׻ǹҲʧȥ˿ơ
˲Ϣ䣬֮γɵѹ֮ơ
ʥӴ˿̱ĻʹѲ˾ܽԽԿ˵ϢţѹϾֳĴս
Ȼѹ֮ƱƣⳡĴսҲֻܣʱڴܡ
һɲǣһԪֱӺڴսˮ
˫ĿԲԪϢ߶ļ¡
ͬʱŵĸƹҼУжʮƹҼһɲֱӱһһ޿ȴܸӦϣǰ
˻ɫԪҶȴǺ
ˮõķֶΣԸһɫԪ⣬ҶԪ⣬ȴǴ´ࡣ
ӦǰɫԪ⣬ȴԶˡ
ΪҪǣδĻɫԪϢˮԪϢҪǿĶࡣ
ԪɫƷʣԪΪ
ˮԪƷʺϣֵĻҪܵ²ܼˡ
£ǵԪȥɲǣˮŭɵ˫Ŀеֱ쭳Ѫ
֮£׼£ˮһ֮£ܵԪƣҪȽܵᡣ
һ֮£ˮԪܴᣬս
İ֮УֽԪ⡣
һֱӽľˣһҪ˻¡֮ʣһŰɫӡطɳɫ֮ʣԪ⡣
ףǾȻֻӡУһޱȵ
Ҷĵڣٴһ
Ҷһε𶯣ȴһֱҶĵѹԪֻӡ
Ҷ潫ֻӡսӲĽ˳һֱء
˿̣ʣֵģǴս
˿̵飬ҲʹҪ
ΪսرֻӡһԪ⣬ӡϾͳһơ
ҪǶΣֻӡбĿܡ
ҶڵֻӡҲΪ䱾ܴԭ
ҵǣһɲǣһռ׷˵Ľܴˮľ˻
һսһֱûĻһĲ£Դһʧͣ
Դܵľʿ˲СĴ
ڶȨͨڴʱڣ£֪Ĵ½ҴܺħսĸΪǻһľڶȨͨɵ飬˿ޱȵࡣ
ΪΣľΣУһŮӰ֡
ӰɲǣҶ͵һ飬ͻȻһֱ߬סֱϢĸо


2303 
ŮӰֵһɲǣһһεĿŮյʱҶĺסˡ
ȫŮյһɲǣҶͷشʹһ£󣬾뷨
ǰŮλգм
üĿ߷
£ʱţΪ仯ֻͨطһ̶ȵĸı䡣
Ҷ棬ɿԶ϶ǰüĿ߷Ůǲ¡
һҪòϢ
ǰŮϣ͸һָ߸ϡ˽ӽζ
ͷ·һõ廨ƯͻͬʱܹĻ̣˲ҽӽ
ңָ߸ϣŮĹһһ
ǳַֹ֮ԹĹȴ˺
֮⣬üۼǶխȻȥẕֿ֮̇⡣
Ҷ治֪˿оΣҶ汾ܵĸо
£ѹġ
µУҲȻҽӽĸ߹ʡ
ǣµȻȴǴ̵õ壬Ǹɽѩһٳƽ͡
Ư˿Ŀ֣ŭ˼˲£ŭҲƽ׼֡
⼸㣬ҶԶ϶ǰǲ¡
ǣҶʱѾԶ϶Σضйϵ
ǳգ츳ɫ⣬֣͵һԣغϵĿԺܴ
ͬʱһϣغϵĿԣͼСˡ
Ǹֱƿձݽ߲µǸˣҲ˵Ҫ»ع䱾塣
ʱҶΪ塯ĺ壬ӦǼ塣
¿ĳĹѪ
ڣҶȴˣǸֲڣνĽ»ع鱾壬塯塢֮⡣
ڵʮа˾ž̫Żһ壬Ǹֲڣǽ»عһ塣
񣬼Ȼ˻һˣôҶĿꡣ
취ӻһµ䡣
һ˵Ҷ޷ӻһµ䣬ôҶҲѰҵķ
һ壡
̫Żһأ֮ڣֻҪϢչҵ
ڣҶĵģȴǲ¡
Ĳ̫ŻһĴĲ̫Żһйĺòá
Ҷͷ˼ǧ֮ʣڶȨͨѾӭϣ֣صĳŻ˹֡
ȻķڵڶȨͨУɱʲôʥҪضˡ
£֪ҴһԼڶȨͨ˵
Ȼ˵һԵʥӾеĳŻһкӧ겻Ư˼֡
ʥӾֱӳڶȨͨ˵˵ͨʲôϹɵ
Լ⣬ΪЧ
ʥӼǵǴһ⽻֮鼮оԵԼµһþ˺ٵģ
㲻һԼܹԼǹ弸ʱɣ
ڶȨͨɵһ˲ؾͺˣԼǸʥ˺ӡô׾˺ԼͲǸԵʥ˺⵽𣿡

ʥĴЦζָָգΪã
ǴܲǳԵкñҲûǴܵĺ˵õñȫõ
Ҫô飬ôãҪɷҪʲôҪǼλʲô
ڶȨͨ¶֮ɫʥӵѧҵܵѧ
ҴܣܻٵԲǻȱϯ仰ûʥѧĲҰ
˵ڶȨͨͻȻԳЦһޣˣϷˡ
һ֣ܵҴԨѧʶ֮
㣡
˲Ϣ䣬ʥӱǺ죬ʶżͣһûıȥ
˼׷׵Ҷ棬ҲǴˡ
ôûڶȨͨ˶ࡣ
һ֣򵥵֣ȴʥ̫һȡ¡
ʥ˵ʱ򣬵ڶȨֿͨ˻ӧ
£ǻһ壬ȷҪ뵽˺ˮҴµϰߣǿģ
ޱߵɱشڶȨͨ𣬡ѪѪպҴͦһأٴɱ磬ǿɲҪڣ
ٴΡ֣ҶʱЩ׹ˡ
̫һ̫ŻһսҲԭġ
ڴ֮ǰѪϴ硣
Ȼ϶³
Ҷտ̫һ̫Żһǿ󣬵ȻܹѪϴ磬Ƶ̫һʥ̫ŻһĻ˺ǩԼ
жǿ
˰ϷĻӧһ̣Ц
ʱҼ峤ֻ˵һ仰˵뿪Ĵ½̫ˣҲǸûˣ
һڶȨͨɫһ䣬޺޵ãܺãֻҪǽڣ
ôأҼ峤˵ˣʱ߳СطˣϾǻһҲǺĴ½ˣӧ˵
ûǶǺĴ½ĿߣƾʲôĴ½һֱռݣʥ˵
˵棡
Ŀһתħʶ̫׷գ̫ӵ£ɣ


2304 һı
ӧߴ֮£ħʶ̫׷µħ˶ѪӾǵĽ
˵ܹ
սħȫ
սʼûãѪӾǾ·硣
֮ǰħѪӾǣһռмķƣڵǿߵĶԾУ˫ƾС
ҶʵδսȴԶͨļһڣħĽһֱѹƵ¡
һܹһʼѪӾһܵȫѹơ
ҪӰ죬ڵֵӰ졣
ħߵĸУϰɱ޴̫һĸ֡
˻˵Щ̫һĵһлᣬǺ޹˼ɵĳ·ͨʿйǵͨط
ǵЩͨطɱ޴󣬶Ϊǵ츳ԣǵ޾
ûã͸ܵľ˼
ԭڵ֪̫һս֮󣬲˼ĵλҲ˲ٵĵռ
ЩռʵҲǿҲܶԿЩ̫һĵ
ǣ̫һ廹һλʥӡ
ʥȻںûֱӲսȴһȫֿһͣĿؼԪ仯ӴΧ;ֲսϣӰ콻սĵ˫
Ӱ죬Ʋʵȴֲܿ
ԭǿ֮Ľ֣ѷʤ
һռƣڶʱڻһҲǲܡ
ǣʥӵĽ룬ӰͽѷʤһֳʤռƵļƣֱѸٻܶԷ
սƣɳ֮ƣѪӾǲϵĻս
ƾе֮γѹ֮ƣʥӵܻʧЧ
֮ǰˣ˿άѹҲûġ
ǣ̫ŻһĲսĴ鷳
ֵģսİӧڣҲʮ˶ѡ
ǻһʮλУʮλԪ⾹ȻȫɫԪ⡣
һɫԪ⣬˾ֻҪǰ䱸ƾŻԪΪǿ
Щսļ˾ҲܵסЩԪǿ󣬾ͨԪط̫Żˡ
ǰӧڵʮλɫһ壬ֲ̫ˡ
սƾֻӡס˻ӧ֮⣬ÿһֻӡ϶һƣñʹֱѪ
ɫǰļ˾ǣѹû֮С
ɫԪһˣ򵱳Ԫܵش
Щħ̫һս˾ǣս䣬ͻȻһɫԪϮ
ԪܵشȻͻᱻǵĶֳնɱ
ǵĴڰ
̶̰ʱڣ߾ĵ˾ͳλ
ҶߣҲԡѪս
Ϊ֮ǰҶնɱ̫Įԭ򣬴սʼûã̫һЩͿʼʶĳҶ棬ҲѪ˾ѪӾǵ
ЩһֶҲǼһͺĽΧͨű˾й
Ҷ׼ͻϮ֮£˾Ķǣڶ̶̰ʱڣͱɱǧˣ
Ҷʹ֮࣬鶸һ
̫һԸҲڣȻҶǡҪڿطͻԼ
ǲϧۣҲҪһɫ
ҶҲͷս֮£˿ѾѪɺӣѪˡ
һ̤սѪɳ˷Ѫɷ֮ƾ۳
ս֮ϣҶʩչѪӰɷȴٺò

ҶѾһλͨϵ̫һĵ
λϵܲϵҶѪӰɷΡ
֮ǰĮҶѪӰɷ֮¡
£ѪӰɷϵӦøϽòǡ
λϵǣ˿ȴһ˿Цݣ˷
ͬһɲǣҶͷ׺֣
׵ģһԪҶ浱ͷ¡
Ԫּֿѹ޴Ӷ
ǳֵɲǣѾҶڣֱҶĵ
һĻָӴս죬ɢɫԪ֮ĵڵļ˾ǣһǣԪҲҪش
οҶһ벽
˧˲Ϣ䣬㡢ͬʱ
ͬһɲǣλϵŨޱȸɷ˹ɲǣؼĽϵԪ׷ױϬĸɷҶ档
ϵȻŻһɫԪϣһնɱҶ棬ΪȥĮѪޣ
ȥɣ˹ĽϵЦ


2305 λ
ǿޱȵɫԪֱӺҶĵڣҶ˫ص˸Բ
ڣԪͷϿյֻӡطųɺ⡣
ֻӡڰҶΪͻ֮ҶһֱѹԪ
ԣֻӡһʱɢɺ
ֻӡϾֻǷѣֻбһܡ
սƵֻӡ壬һɫԪ⣬ҲըƣȻ˵һɫԪǻġ
ǰһɫԪȻǻģֻӡ֮Ҳܴ
£һɫԪ֮£Ҷڵֻӡضɡ
ҶɲĿֻӡ顣
ֻӡȻܺһ㣬Ԥ깥ѹԣȴǳ
һһɢŻͻĽɫԸ۳һɫĶƣһɫԪ֮ϡ
һɲǣǺҶڵɫԪϢ𣬶ҶԸ۳һɫƣҲϢ֮䣬һ롣
Ҷһ
Ҫ֪ھͨɫԪĻһս֮ҶرСġ
ΪӵɫԪҶ棬ǳףɫԪƷϵĲֱǾѹԵġ
ҶҪڵԪΪһ㣬޷Щ˼ǧϵԪȡ
ҪȻԪΪ£ҶɫԪһֱܹشЩɫԪĵ
ԪΪޱǿĻһɫԪ⣬׻ж
ȻҶ׼һԸ
Ҫ֪Ը깥Ϊǿ
С֮£ҶֱʮԸһԸƣֵһͻɫԪ⡣
Ҷ汾ģһɫԪ⣬ĵһԸҲͲˣû뵽ȻĵΡ
ܣҶлҪ
Ȼٴ󣬶ӵкԸҶԣʲô
սϣλϵҶ۾Բ͸޼ɵҶ˹
ĸУҶ˻һɫԪ⣬ʱͻܵش
˿ʩչѪӰɷطҲжϡ
ɴ׵ĸ
һɲǣеĿϲͱ˾֡
Ҷ۾ɵɵĹԲǾ۵ҶǰѪûɢ˲Ѫɫʸ
ڵʯ֮䣬һѪɫʸͷ·Ѫɫһ㣬ϵڡ
ѪӰɷսϵѪָϢټսѪϹħԜĶط߶ޱȡ
һѹ޷赲
ڹؼʱ̣ϵѪӰɷм߶˼ط
ûã
ĽϵطѪӰɷ֮ǰѹûκô
ѪӰɷڵɲǣޱɷ͸ʱϵմȾԪ飬Ĳҽ
Ҳڴʱһ̹ƾճֱ֣Ӻϵڡ
ʮ÷Ԫһ㵭Ľ⣬Ԫ֮ڣ˲Ϣ䣬Сͨ
ѪӰɷޱȣС˿ҪϵԪڵطҲԸı½С
ҪȻСҲܵѪӰɷڵĴӰ졣
ͬʱڽĸļλһĵͷλϵĴʱҶס֣ſ
˲Ϣ䣬λҶ
ҶȴһЦոδ֧ѪӰɷֱӺˡ
һĻһλĿ˽ϵܴεĻϵ˲þ֡
һ
һλҲǱܵ㿪ҶѪӰɷ
ڴʱҶһ̤شرҶ߶£λóޱȣޱȵóٻ
һ˿ٻעǵˡ
ѪӰɷȺ˵ڣǵ飬˲ϢʼɿıѪɫ
ѪӰɷ۵ѪԽ࣬սսʿԽ࣬Խࡣ
˿ս˫սʿʮ
ѪӣԹ졣
ԣѪӰɷޱȡ
Ҷһܹشһλǿߡ
ҶһʩչʱĶࡣ
λѲʱͻȻλѪӰɷ󣬵ն˶Դͳ
λıѪŵԪҽų𣬵ûüأͱҶ̫ûɢŽսѪһֱӱ̽սѪ֮ڡ
֣Ȼ
һҶҴһĻһļ˻
ǵ̫һÿһˣޱȵ
ÿһͨˣ̫һԣǾ޴ʧ
˵ˡ
ߵĲҽкͼ˻˲Ϣʩչܻطʥӵע⡣
ʥӲ߻ãһʱĿѡ
սڣ˵ˣкü
֪սˣȫҶ
Ҷ棬㾹Ȼɱλˣպ壡ʥӳҶŭ
ͬһɲǣСĿ£ĽϵطͽҶĽϵ鹬֮ڡ
״ˣһڵѾܵѪӰɷϢȾѾûˡС
ǾͲҪˡ
ҶС̹ʱɢ¶ѾûκϢѪɫĽϵʬ塣
ʱҶųʥӷһİۣʥӣˣλλ
Զʥӵָ


2306 Ĳ
ĸ
ʥָҶָ˿̶һΪԪ˥ߺսĿûгĸ
ҶȴһӾͱɵĸ
Ҷģڴʥӵ巢ģʮ磬Ҫʮ壡
ʥĵָ췢Ҷȴǻû¡
õõãǰģ¼䣬ҪҶˣȥҲһ
ҲǻĺúõģҶһĲмңֻҪսȥλˣǵһˣԲһ
ոշĵʥԣˡ
ҪնɱҶ棬ʩչܻͨӰսսϵ̫ս
һֹͣЩսˣսܻ
Ҫһʥٵģ¶Ҫˡ
ңҪѪһսɱɱǧ˾ɣѪ𣬿Ҫһϣ
лᣬҶ棬һ̫һ壡Ҷ˿̣ĵĺȵ
ޣ
Ѫ˵ͼǵôܸ̫һĸ߹ѪȽϣ
壬һʮҲһһ˵ʥӷ·ܵʲô̼һ㣬ָҶ
ֲãͨȨһ֣Ҳûеģ
̫һ壬Ѫȴ˿ѪҶУʵؼ䣬ͼ壬û֮һҶ
Ӷĳ֣ҶҲԹһ˽⡣
壬ԼһЩĴܣ̫ʱڵܹΪε彻֮Ŵǿ츳γɵࡣ
ޣ
Ҷһᵽһ㣬ʥӾ͸β͵󣬼ˣˡ
ҲڴʱһֱתҶͷظǿҵľס
ͬһɲǣҶѹڵֻӡȻʢ
ʶģҶΣ˵ǺΣա
߶䣬ʮνɫԸԸз˲ϢһɢŻͻͽɫ⻪Ľɫơ
ԸɵɲǣһԪ⣬ͺݺݵĺҶĵֱɫ֮ϡ
Ҷϵ̫ŻɫԪ͵ϮԼҲȡ
һɲǣҶȴˡ
ʮԸ۳ܣɫԪϮ֮£Ȼ׵ڡ
⣬꣬һͷ˿һϸԪ⣬صĺֻӡ֮ϣֻӡסҶĺɢ˴롣
˭ɫԪ⣬Ȼ˿ֲҶ氵ľҿһأҪȻһ¾ҪҶԪܴ
ڸҶ涷ʥӣҲ͵Ŵͣ¶һĲ˼֮ɫ
һɲǣҶ֪͵Ϯ˭ˡ
Уʹһӧξ͸֣ҶϡмĵĿޱȲ֮ɫҶ档
ȻԽ±ɫϮˣѲɣһССİ벽ʲô鱦ѹɣ
ֻߣӵдԸ䣬ǰһ˷ޱԸӦûǮɣ
ӧ֣ҶʱףӦǰĽλɫԪϮ˻ӧע⡣
˵֮ǰʥڸҶ죬ҲΪҶעΪӧᡣ
һˣҶ󱳲ɵ亹乶ԾѲѡ
Դ
ţҶЩԴˡ
ҿʦ½ʾֻӡʾҪȻҶһ˵Ҫһĸͷ
ͲͶ·ˣ
˵䣬ҶɫԪ߶֮£ûɽɫսѪٶһչ˷Ѫ͸ٴξҶ档
ֻΪոնùһѪӰɷԭһαһξ۵Ѫ͸Ҫٺܶ࣬ѪӰɷҪࡣ
ˣҶ涯ѪӰɷǰһĵһĵħĵǻӧɫ䣬ٺˡ
ٺ˵ͬʱһͬʱط
ȻǶܼɵҶѪӰɷ
ϾҶѪӰɷط֮µѾλˣǰ֮š
ӧ˵ɲǣ۾Ҷ棬ȴǴ䡣
ɫԪ⣿
ɫԪ֮УմȾһ˿һһϢ
նɱһһԪƷʣһˣ
ֻߣһһλйϵ
˲Ϣ䣬ӧʹҶɢɫԪϢ˺üƶϡ
ҶͷȴǷ˾κˡ
ֱ˿̣Ҳǻӧ֮ʱҶѾȫȷ£̫Żһˡ
ҶΪ壬ֻɫ⣬ܹΪɫ⣬ȫ˲µİҩܹɫΪɫ⡣
ʣҶմȾлһϢ϶Բ¡
ô꣬ǸֱԽӻزµĿֲܣ϶ǽӲ»ת˻һء
һɲǣҶͷתǧۣ׷Ѱ˲ô꣬ѯʻӧµ䣬Ѿӿ˺ߣ
ͬһɲǣԶŽٽսʦηɰףҲҶһۡ
ʶĴŽٽ̣Ҷķ£Ӧܵ⡣


2307 ս֮
ŻӧѯʲĻߣֱҶ˻ȥ
ǲ룬ǵģ
Ҷ治֪»ת䱾֮󣬴ΣλΣӧϵΣ
֪һɶġ
ǲ´ѣҶһʣƾӧıѩܹҶϵĻһϢϵ
ĿǰΪֹҶ޷ȷ´ȥӰ졣
ǻģҶԲԸ⡣
ҾĿǰΪֹܺͻһ峹˺ƤʱǲڻһУ¶µĹϵʮа˾Ż´鷳
ԣҶѡ˱ȥ
ѪӰɷѾҶ˼֮ĵĻӧҶҲ񣬿ʼָӱ˾ߣͬʱֵɱ򱱺˾̵ĵǿߣٱ˾
սʱѪӾһѾȫ·״̬
Ǵܵʿ䲻Ҳǽʿ
ǵǿһϵײϵȫܡ
ԭ̫һĲսɵֵǣӵǿɫԪĻһĲսôܵĵǿߣʼ˾˵䡣
ĵǿߣΪԪܵشʧȥ˳ս
´׼㹻֣ڵǿ߳Աʧȥս£Ƴ֡
Ϊÿһλ˵ĵǿߣܸͨĽʿɴ
սʼʱΪսָӵƽžųʾ˻֮󣬾ѪӾǵڶߣ
ͬʱѪӾǵĵڶߡ
ѪӾڸĽ֮ʣԤϵ˿ܵΣ׼ߡ
һߣʵѪӾǷߣǽȸߴ
ڶߣʵԭӹѪҪߣǽֻܳаʮﲻ
ʱصڶأͬıĳǽȴ˽ѹ
ˣѪӾǷṩɵĸǳػĻСֻǳʮػĻ֮ػĻǿȣӡ
ͬʱЩļ˾ǣȫɵڵϣǿػĻǿȡ
ƽžų磬ҪѪӾǵĵأþеѪӾˡ
ͬʱȡʱԮ
ҲΪ˵ĵʿȡĻָʱ䡣
ԭڳͷ鱬ħзɱڷֲֻаʮĳͷ֮ϣܶȼǿ
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ңʱ˿̣κβ˽ҶѾԸı˾󣬾˳ڳͷҪһĺħĸֺ͵
ֶó˽ټ
͵ʸѹ֮£ħĵ̫һ壬ֻǻһ壬̫ĽӽѪӾǵڶߡ
ҪȻʮʮʸ䣬ܹشǣս
֮£ħ塢̫һ塢̫ŻһϽͷǻ
ѪӾǵĴҲԵõ˴Ϣ֮
ʦܣѾõ˲µˣѰҲôˣò׷˲µ䣬ô׷ѰˣϢ֮֮Уʦηɰ׳Ҷʵ
Īڵң
ʦηɰ׵磬һǺֱףͬãֱô꣬Ҳһ㣬㲻õģ
ͫ£ǣҲ͡
ԣҶЦʦ㣬ҲǵǶ֮ͨˣѰ»еСԲΪҡ
ΪʲôʦηɰһĲ졣
Ҷ˵Լĵġ

üʦηɰ׽ʵºð죡սʱǸʱȻŽٽԸŽٽܣӦÿԽܹ
˵䣬ʦηɰͱ˷ôˣŽٽལתҲüʶһŽٽת
Ҷ濼һ£֣صҡҡͷʦ㣬ף
Ϊʲô
ʦ㣬̫һʥӶܻܵͨΪ̫ŻһĻ᲻ҲдΧأ
ҪĻһСģŽٽ̣ܻȫû
ҶĻηɰ׵һֿܣǲߣѵ
ʦ㣬µѾ֪ˣȻ֪ˣǾͲսѰҲ
ڵҪǣʵǰսơʦ㣬ѵû֣սƣЩ𣿡Ҷ˵
սƱù죿
ηɰü˵ûʦηɰ˵˧Ѳ縱ʹţ


2308 ܷ
ţô죿飬нˣţʣҶʵ
ش˧ֻвֽһĿ꣬ھоͷ֮󣬾ǲϧֵǵɵĿҲ󣬾ʱˡʵţر
ľǶԵģ
ҪֵǵҪǵÿһֵܣе裬źӡ
ҪˣһСô죿иţʧȥ˶ӿ϶ù
պ󣬷򲻵ѣֵǵ񡣡Ҷ˵
ţüл˧ܹڴ˧ֵ£ǰСǼӶ޲ĸȥ֮һ˧˼תǣ
ţ
Ҷ˵ͷùţϵûãҶüͷ
ôˣʦηɰЩ졣
Ҷ潫˹ȥʦηɰϸһᣬ̧ͷһĲ죬ʦܣص鱨һж
ǰһжɡǣٿһݼ¼Ͳˡ˵䣬Ҷֵһ
ɨһۣʦηɰ׵üͽâžųӼâפܲйؿռĴ󷨣
ÿռĴ󷨣Ҫʲôʦηɰײ
ǰҲҷǳֵĵط
벻ͨ
âžųפܲôͿռ󷨣ʵҶзֵġ
֮ǰս֮ǰâžųټܡԪ˧ӿֶԸҶ棬֮ҶСġ
͡Сʵʱע⼸˵ľٶ
Ҷ汾⣬Ҫ⼸˾һԸûʲôʵԵĶֻҪ⼸λͷǾͿ϶⡣
͡ûʲô֣ϾôĶġ
СӪصĻľ۾âһˣһֱҹͣĲùһ󷨡
ôļӳ󷨵ľʣڸŲ󷨣ҹͣھڲŴ
ңǾķ󷨣Ҳõ쳣ǿ
СĻľ޷ڡ
쳣Ҷ淢֮Ҷʩչݣȥһâŵפء
Ȼ˵âŵפд󷨣Ƿһԣͨӵ̫û֮Ҷ棬ѹûʲôܡ
ܿģҶͷ֣Ĵ
Ȼ˵Ҷһϲûж裬ʦ½ĴУ͵ƻϸĽܵġ
ϸĶԱȣҶ淢֣âҹͣĲ󣬾Ȼһ͵Ŀռ󷨡
ռ󷨣һԣֻá
һǿռƣһ־ǿռŲơ
£ռڷ߱ȽҪĵص㡣
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ܶʧؿ˵ǳ֮ʱߡ
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ʥּˣԭ룬ҲС
ңĹأԭΪħս󶼶ԸĶѪӾǣʱͻ⵽ӯ顣
ܵԹ٣ֱӽԭ絽
ô˵ܵιأֻҪâžųӼѪӾǣ˵ǼⱲڴܳˣԭ²֮ҲҪ̴ְҰ֮͹ȡ
ƫƫˡ
ȻҲܱ⣬ڹؼʱ̣ԭᰵʼ¡ּâžų룬ԱѪ
ǣâפڣõһ͵ĿռŲ󷨡
ǹģٿŲʮˡ
Ǵ㽫âһͬߡ
Ͳˡ
ʼ¡ּ˴Ӽ룬ҲֻǴ߼ˡ
ǽâȫߣ籱˾սһţƽŵжȫѳ⳯Ұ飬Ϊ˴ԭܲˡ
һӡâžųڴפܲôͿռŲ󷨵ľٶЩìܣ޷⡣
Ҫʲô
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ӼľȻԸ
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£ҶţһЩطĵ飬ǵʾеһУǳ
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˧ͨѶŲ󷿼ڣڰ˺СͨѶŲ󷨣һ򣬰Ľڰ˺СͨѶŲ󷨣ڼӼУҪڵһʱ֪ͨ㣡һֵѲԻر
ڿ˼Ҷһ£ӼУ
죡
ӦҶֱӽӹֵѲе룬ɨһۣͱֲ죬ôܣ


2309 Ҫ£
ҶΪӼеĵڰ˸СͨѶŲҶǰħսĴħʦģҶħ嵱µĶӡ
Դţħ¡ŭҶĲ߻£˱Ĵ֮󣬻֪ħʦϣĴ͸͹ᶥ
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ţħ¡ŭѾħһλʮоܹЧƹʮѾΪħĸ߼졣
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Щ꣬ΪأֻҪҶ治Ƿû¼£ҲøҶ淢һ
죬Ҷ治ϡյߵݣҲҶ漫𾪡
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֪ѪӾǣϵ֮ߣѪҪһƣħսߣ׶֮ء
ⵣҶİΣҶ淢Ѷѡ
Ҳû취걻ҶԽһƣҶػɢֻҶ롣
ңǰҶİ£ǸĹ֮Ҳǳˡ
ֻǣ⴫ʾȴҶǳĲ졣
ħպһٹѪҪ׹ħսߡ
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ħЩҹΧĿѪӾǣѾѪӾʧȥ˵һߣصڶߡ
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ңĳ̶ֳ϶ԣѪҪͷɱѪӾѿжˣҲħһֱΧѪӾǵԭ
ѪҪڣפ˿ƺ˾Щ˾Щ죬һֱͣĸѪҪ
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ǿı˾սһѪҪҪ˵ħԸҶԸŶһĪĺ;
ǵܹѪҪ
Ҷ濴ֻҪΧǣֻҪֹ¾ѪҪͲܱơ
ҲҪѪӾǵԭ
ֻҪѪӾڣܹѪҪβӦ֮ƣħҪѪҪܡ
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ңħʵִߣ֪ħʦϣ
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ݹЩձƵβƵıݻ߷ߣⲿĵˣڲͽ
ҶҲͳ˧սͳ˧Ȼ£ѪӾǻڵ£ħǲܹѪҪġ
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¹ѪҪΣ¹شܵ۹̫Ҫˡ
һҶֲò
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ҶǿͷżʦηɰװԼһ裬һڣϸķ
ȣҶ֪ģħսϻѪҪУȶأֻһǾ
һֱ£һ㣬Ҷһֱ֪
Ȼһʥ洫Ӵ˲ٵЩѪսУһֱû¶档
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ǣӡâžųܹͿռһ£ȴҶĻɡ
ǶħͻȻ´ôâžųĴͿռޱȵľٶ˸ݣҲ˺Ľ͡
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ĻѪҪΣˣħսܣҪΣˡ
ңһһһߵĺܽ
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˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ͵վҶģѾյĴ硣
Ҫˣ
ħս󶼶ԭħϵ£


2310 Ϊ
⴫ϢҶԸ֮ķ֣Ҷһ˽Ҷѵĸо
ʵĳЩʱ˽ҶѵĸоǷǳʹġ
֪˵࣬Ҳŵġ
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Ҷ˼һȦȻ֣ϣû˻ĻѹûѵĶ
ѶӦ˴Ļ
һ£ԻݣԶǿ䣬ԽһѪҪȥ
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Ϊܰ˴ԭָܵ£
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Ϊʲô
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ƽžų翴һߣִһ̣˧ʣʱͱ󷨰Χʵʵ
ѲӪ֮ʱѲâŴӪз֣âŴӪУȻдͿռŲ󷨵ĺۼ
ޣ˸㣬ҼҴУҪģ֮Ѿ֮˾󣬻ϲǰչϵˡһ䡣
һ˵Ҷʱˡ
ƽžųܵ˼֮࣬Ҷ漱æʵ˧Ҳд˷֣ȻǶд˷֣ôܲʲô
ҶĿע£绺ҡҡͷϣңΪ


2311 
Ҷƽžų磬Ǵˣ˵׶Է˼
ħս󶼶˭
ԭţ
ڸһ˿켣͸һָ֤Ӽ룿
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Ҷƽžų磬ֱ֮ȨԽһмֱʼ¡
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ħսǸߴǧǧսħսԮĿҲ
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˵ϵõħս󶼶֧֡
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ҪǣҶ棬ƽžų磬£ֻһƲ⣬ȻƲֵĿԺܴ
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ƾƣ
ûһᣬһ̳ƾͼˡ
ӿҶ棬ͻȻһ룬˧ѵǾĿš
羲ĿҶ棬Ц
֮󣬻ɢžҶ棬һˬ뿪˧ʡ
Щ飬ǰ֪Σ
ɲܸıʲô
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Ҷ汾ܵЩªһУս
½ͳ˧Ҷ棬ǳսħὫһеĳªķŴɢ
ԣ²ܸıʲôҶΣⲻģ
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ҶԼ˵ĿԣǳС΢΢
ڴɵìܵĸоܵҶֱѪ
ҶɲΪξͱ֮ˣص˾ĴӪûãҶ´һһ
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ڶȨͨɲǰѪҪӲϾŵķһһѪҪ˾ķ״
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֣ڶȨҲ˼ˡ
ҲΪҶʾãڶȨִʩҶͨһ¡
˵ڶȨͨɵְţѾ˼¡
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Ҳûиõİ취
ѪҪҪλãȫݾŵùĵռء
˵ܳκ©
ǣʱһһȥʱԽԽҶתʱͷֵĲԽԽǿҡ
Ҷ֪ѪҪڿ϶⣬أ£Ҷ޷ˡ

ѪҪڣڵڶȨͨɵ֣ѣһһѲӡ
µҹϾžų̩ûϢ
ڴͣѪҪҪλѲ飬߸ǸϰλսֳֿԷ߻ûӰħħͣѲţֹħĵӰħǱ¶ˡ
ʱʱĿ⣬ûɶ
Ͼ͹ȥˣҲûڶȨеħȫǰ
ɻɻϾžų̩ɷǳĵѲš
һϸͳ˧Ƿǳܹ͵סȴġ
ͬʱڶȨͨҲһӼ˾ѲѪҪҪλá
ҶսԤԼҵͷħսϣǷǳɲСġ
ѪҪ󷨽ڵ㣬ʱڶȨͨһһѲӡ
ɣûκɣڶȨͨѲѪҪĴڵ֮һ
Ĵ󷨵ڵ㣬ǳҪ
˵ѪҪֻ࣬Ҫһ⣬ѪҪķͻ
ͨ£˵ѪҪѪӾڵķڵ㣬ҲǼܵģȫ֮Уֻͳ˧פ˾ĸ֪
ңԷڵıҲǼΪܡ
ؾ󷨣еػĻǵǿߣڵ㴦ػĻҲҪһʱ䡣
ˣڵ㴦ڶȨͨɻרλڸθĴռ˾żλǼزڵ㡣
һڵ㣬Ӱء
شȨûκ⡣
ûͺãסһϷѶ˼䣬ڶȨͨɾͿ첽뿪ҪӲĵطʵ̫ˡ
˭ûעŵڶȨͨ뿪ɵǣȻһ˿ս⣡


2312 رĲ嵥
ѪҪҹʱ֣ѲǵϾų̩У͵նѪҪȥ
һſǳĻ⣬ӵնһƾ˵ĳ˷ѪҪ
ħ壬ȻתѪҪˣһĻų̩ʶĻͷһѪҪͷɵһ֮
ѵѪҪڲ⣿
ҪȻħԴˮˣŻѡѪҪͷ
ҡһԴϾžų̩ͷҡ⣬ȫӭУ
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Ѳֵκο˵ȣ£ն
ų̩򶨵´˼ʱ䣬·֮ǰڳ˯ѪҪʱͱһͷѹľޡ
ŷĹ⻪һѪҪһһޱǿķ׵Ĺޡ
湥ˣ
ͬʱڵĵڶȨͨҲ͵һͻ
ħתѪҪһѾҶˣôӦڶأ᲻Ӧ飿
ڶȨͨʱ
ȥֱȨѲҪ㣬κβףϴãҷߣն
ڶȨͨͷĲʱͽ˳ȥǿѲߡ
ͬһʱ䣬ѪҪڵ㴦ǼոսƷʯ㵹ڵ㴦Ǿ޴ʯ֮Уʯ֡
ѪҪҪķƽʱת֮ڳȡͿתһǷػĻȫʱ򣬾Ҫ㵹Ʒʯ
ˣкڵϣŴ˾䵱ʯϵԼԲġ
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ڵĸɺؿˣǼʶĿɡ
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ʯڣܼʯǼʯ·ͨ򱬲֣
֣ҪľǱ֣Цţָһɣһöɫѷͱɴڵʯڡ

ڳǼֵļ
˵ʯֻпܱ֡
ʯһѷ൱ڻҩͰһѻһر
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УֲӵصʱͻȻſ˫ۣЩһЦͬʱһö˸Žķɵͷ
һɲǣѪҪڵ㣬ǱȼըҩͰһ㣬͵ر˴ĿޱȵĹ⻪ԲʮڵһУɡ
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Īǣ֮дǵɫͰɵԪ飬˲Ϣա
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˵䣬˾óһö˫־ٸ߹ͷϾžų̩̩ʶǰӹոճɲǣһöɢſֲϢӣسС


2313 
˧Сģ
Ͼžų̩쳣ɲǣĵͼޱȵǿɢſֲϢӡ
ʱī׹⣬䡣
ס
ɢſֲϢ׹⾪͵̧ͷɲǣϾžų̩ͷֻĸ֣˾ͱ׹ɡ
׹ɵģзԲ֮ڵһ˺
Ǳ׹ɵ˺Ϊǵǿߣ׹ĺ£ֱӱɻҡ
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Ͼžų̩Σͷʮ⻪
Ͼžų̩ı֮鱦ʮöޱȵĸַ
רűԪķ
̩ΪĵϵΨһһλƿشսŵĴڣڰ̩Ͽûٷ˼
£ǵǿߵ͵Ϯ֮£̩ҲԱ
ǣⱻ̩Ϊ׵׹£ֶ̩Σ׷ǰɢ
ıһ˲ȫҲûס̩ûס̩Ԫ顣
ѵ׹֮£Բ֮еߣΪߵͣͳͳ

Ӧ˵һ⡣
λͻȻƾĵھ׹֮³ɲǣһɫķس֣ɢޱȵĽ⣬סԪɲǣ⻪һ˲شԪա
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ǣ˵ĹվһǸʩչ֮ͨǰһʹԪʧˡ
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˵ޱ䣬λһľޱ䣬ֱЩɵˡ
ֱĳʿһ˧˲γһ㣬ܺͷʵ
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˲Ϣ䣬ѪҪѪ졣
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ͨɻûдԸѡطĸɵѱлִָһԳĵһž飬ֱɱϾŵľų̩
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ڸ߿ո֮£ѾױϾţ߬סһ鴤ʹֱϢ
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ͺڣŨŨŭͺ⡣
ףһֻеǿ߲Ƶһ飬޴󣬵ҲΪѣľ޴
ǣǵ۷ǿƵľ飬Ҳһ֮˷Բ֮ˡ
Ͼžų̩ʮǿرĵڵĴڡ
ܣ
ʵǣų̩ȴһž֮³׵Ļɢˡ
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䣬ܹƾ컯˻ħǴܻħ壬С
ǣܹӶڰ¶ӣǿĵĶӡ
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Ӿͺ
Ъ˹ĴҴһ䣬ڶȨͨͻȻֱսġ
ʱ˵һܹȶʿôڶȨ֮⣬ˣ


2314 󶼶
˲Ϣ䣬ڶȨͨɺ⣬һΣ˱һߴǧɢɺľ˴ѪҪġ
˲Ϣ䣬˵ĵڶȨͨɾеĿ⡣
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ڣϷͽҵĽ죬ѪҪڳǼᣬϷȴǣǹͬشԮ
ƥ򣡡
ҲڡԮָոճֵɲǣħУһʮɵĸħʶ̫׷ߵһħһ¹ɲǣ͵͵׸ߡ
⻪һΣһɫľ޹͵رſ
ſ䣬ؼ¹⣬ƺһɲȫ۵ɫ޹ϵĹϡ
һɲǣֻ۾һ·и߹ҵһɲǻһɫ⣬˸߿еĵڶȨͨɡ
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٣ϾŵĽʿǣ˿˾£ķжĿꡣ
һľͽѰŽ죬ѪҪڳǷսˣ

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һ缴ÿξ飬Ҷһ֪ͨҲһִġ
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񣬻Ԫ˧ӿӡâžųսһžųڣƽžų硢ٿԭܣߴȨͼųڰ˴Ȩٲ
ЩˣѪӾǷָӸ߲ˡ
˿̣˶һء
ͬǣߴȨͼųڰ˴ȨٲĽ
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ĿǰѪҪΣʱʧݵĿܡ
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һɲǣޱȵͬʱԪ˧ӿóݼħս󶼶ӡľ
ȣԪ˧ӿĿ⿴ƽžų硣


2315 Ҷ
ƽšâţಿЯū뱤ѪӾǡսϮѪҪ֮ħβˣԽѪҪ֮ΧԪ˧ӿһ¡
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λɣµʱߣԳ֣Ǵߣڰ˴ȨٲҲˡ
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ʵڳ˭ݾʵħս󶼶ԭȻѵһݾսһҲ˳ŵѪùѡ
ʱȥԮѪҪ㲻Ҳˡ
ɱѪҪϾѪҪ
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սһţ鱯׳
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ǻԪ˧ӿӵħս󶼶ı˽½лͶսչһ±˾ͳ˧ʱҲһЩ̡
ݾһӣʹ¼ʮɵ
٣ӿһصصľˣ
ɽǼԮѪҪһҪССģ򲻿ɴ⣡Ԫ˧ӿ
ҶĬĬĵ˵ͷڻӿΪµʱҶͻȻٴοڣ£Ԫ˧ұ˾һҪ󣡡
ӿȻҲЩ⣬ֻĵ˵ͷҶԪ˧뽲
ұ˾Щսеأ֮ǰұ˾ҪԾеʯԼҩԱѪս
Ѫս֣Ҷҧĺأ˵꣬Ҷ滹һ۱սһžųڡ
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ҶĻûľҪ׼ô֮ǰϷɾͰˡ
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Ҷٸʲô۶ٶȴӦҶ


2316 ҹ
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ãռ֮󣬵һʱͨСŲպս͡
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ڣϹȥȡϱеľʣ⣬ϰȥһʱ̣֮ԮѪҪҶ˵
˾ܵݾһҲ⣬ʵϲֹ㣬ȫ£˼׼
ֻǣӹеľһе⣬˧ʮʽƷףһǧʽƷףǲеࣿ
ЩҪռôľ财ռ䣿
ʲôжࣿ
Ҷ治Ķһ㣬֮󣬰Щ׷ַ֮дڸΣλõֵǡ
˫ףЩֵǻĻһ㣬𣿡
ĿЦһ£˵ͷ
ԼҴ˧Ϊñ˾ֵ伫ˡ
ǼԮҶΪԪ˧Ҫ׼ҲǼࡣ
ǼԮսԣҶڳǰһҪá
һݺõսԣ˵ӵŤתǬĿܡ
Ҫսԣеս鱨ҪǱġ
Ҷץʱɳϸ
սʱҶǱ޵鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪͻȻԳΣ۾ЩãȻľĿĹˡ
ˣԪ鰢ͻسҶүԪСӣԿռ䲨ޱȵУһĿռ䲨ܹ
ҶһͷӦ˹˰仰ʲô˼鶸һ䡣
ɫԪӿ·籩һ㣬˷
¼Ȼˣβһ
˵ҶȴЩ죬ɫԪɨ˷Բǧ֮һ飬ȴûзκ˿켣ûзκǱϢ
鱦ʮԪ鰢ԪĸӦȴԲд
Ҷ䣬һĽЦƾҶ˧څ
ȹ¡ɢŵʺ⣬·ŮһĻһӧƾճҶ˧С
СҶԪ˧û뵽ҶԪ˧Ȼֱܹĵ
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ƾҶԪ˧ɫԪ⣬ǾԷֲ˱Ķġӧһ䣬һĿҶ档
µǵ˹һ˾͸ҴѪӾǣΪѪӾڽ㣿ҶɱЦ
ӧĿһתһӣһԹԵ£ƽʱȻֵ˴֮ʣѪӾǣȴ練ƣ
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һöѪɫѶسڵҶС
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ӧĿһУƵԣ
Ҷı⣬˿̵ֱѪɫѶ㲻ҲҪش
뵽µ䣬ϣҶЩԥ
ͬһʱ䣬ӧٴοڣҶԪ˧⾯Ѷ֮ǰҶԪ˧شһ⡣
ֻҪҶԪ˧Ըش𣬱ԳŵǷҶԪ˧һŵΧڣΥڱΧ֮ڵһŵ
ţ
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֪ʲô
һЦʵҶԪ˧ôӦ֪ˣ
֪ҶԪ˧ϵһһϢôģ˵һһĺˣľѪŽɫΪɫ⣬ҴһһϢ
һľѪ
һҶɫش䡣
ҶɫαɫģȻ˵ǿͻƵģǣȴǿ´ġ
ĲƵҺԪҺҶ治֪˶١
Һµĺýʦηɰףʮõ룬Ź澭ü²롣
Ҷ棬ȴǵˮһȡ
Һˡ
ǰҶ滹Щ⣬ΪҺԪҺĴÿҺԪҺ֮ɫúܲܲ԰ס
ڣҶ泹׵ˡ
Ѫ
ÿһҺԪҺУ̺˲µľѪôЧ
ҶϵĻһϢΪҶ˴ĺв¾ѪҺԪҺеġ
һ˲䣬Ҷ͵س鴤һ£Īۡ
ԭЩ꣬Ҷ汳ĬĬĸҶ治֪ġ
Ҷģ񶸵ˣӦ˭ˣ˵˭ģ


2317 
ҶۣĴŻӧ
ʵڷţҶǺ뽫µ˵˳ӧѯʲµġ
Ҷ̵ܹʱڵ֪µ״ĻᣬҶֱèצ
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ǣҶӲȴסͱƴֽĳ嶯
ôĽҶɲǰ׻ģͱϵޱȡ
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Ǹһһʲôֻһ˵ģ
ӧʡ
ֻҪش𱾹Щ⣬ôǸŵԶޣΧڣΥڱΧڵһŵӧٴǿ
Ҷȴû˵ֻһĿŻӧ̬ȼ򵥶ᶨҪӧȻش⡣
ӧ΢΢һʱҶ˼ģû˺Ǹ˵˼
֪һһѪһѪҪϡ١ÿһ壬ޱȱĲƸ
ԣЩһֱѰʧʧɢĻˣһ֣ͻǻعأع硣
ӧɣѹκһë
Ը˻ؼ磬ɣûë
ҶĿڴʱȴ˼ֻɡ
ӧĻشûκëıȴë
ڷţҲҶʻӧʱҶѾϢĽԪ˽ϵ˺ѧһͨͨ
ֻͨǴͨѹûκιҲûκ
ȴҶһּµĶ΢״̬ԲܱκһϸСı仯
ڽӧشҶʱλӧôһɲǼ΢˸
ּ΢˸£ܹҶڽͨ״̬£ȴܹӦ
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෴ģҵĶˣؼأĶ˶ԣֻĺôûκλ
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ӺɷһԾŶӧȰȴҶһ仰׶ˣĻӧŶҵ
»ĪΪѪӾûܹأҶͻؾӧ͵صɵĴġ
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޺޵һţ΢ʹ⻪𣬻ӧϢʧˡ
˿̣ҶݣѾ˼ء
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Ǽȿ̣ԮѪҪ
ôӽһʱ׼ʱ䣬ѾǼˡ
ˣʮ֮ǰѾս״̬ҲǳĲִ١
һʱ֮Ҷı˾ڵıսһţͬʱ
ʮ˧ۣѪҪڿն
ΪǼԮټ֮ǰҶеսʵҪ֧ԮѪҪĴõۣȫ˧
˧ۣһǿԼٶģٶȹ죬Եֵһĵǿߵ׷Ϯ
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ʱҶָ£ʮ˧ۣٷѪӾǵı
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ֿһļԮѪҪжУҪø˻ɾֻұһͳһĵпܴɡ
ϣڷǳǵӦҶҪ
Ҳ֮õĻᣬҲǱ˾սһΨһ·


2318 ڶ壿
ҶСģٰϧ½ʿµľޱȵħսūΣյĵط
ս˾ʿĿҲĶʮڵʮǧˡ
ɳµı˾ʿÿ˵ΪսɱǾеľ
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ħսūŵڱ˾Уһֱܡ
ԭҲܼ򵥣֧ħսūţһֱҶеһ۵Բ۵õļΪ˳֡
ԣҶһֱܵСĲħսūӪĿ
Ҷνӽħū󲿷˳ȥСְڱְԼ֮ϣмСһħսūҶһֱռڡ
ЩռħսūҶʱʱĲħսūӪĿ
ڲ˻ɵ£ħսūӪĿһֱҡ
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ս֧ԮѪӾǵıսĵһŵıԱʮ
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ĿѾҶı˾ʿĿ
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ҶԺܿ϶˵ҪˣֻҪ֧Ԯ֣ôڽѪҪУֻҪ̫Żһĵ̫һĵħĵɱһҶߵĵ͵ȫû
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мӽѪҪͻȻɱɱħһֲ³ɱѪҪ
ֻҪɱѪҪ˵ǳɱѪҪôѪҪڵ֣϶Ϊ֧Ԯסеĸ֣ΪԮĻᡣ
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ҶԪ˧оڼ䣬ҲнֹȡĳͷڵҶ棬˾״
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֪Ҷ˵꣬ھʹҶĻҶԪ˧ģĳǾô֪ġ
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СһףҪٶȲܳκα仯Ǿײ
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Ȼ۵ĽʿֻΪǿƣǿٵġ
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ڱһΧСèԣɲ
ǣСèޱֻûλԶ
ҶԪ˧޷ȫΣڶƭԼѡΪ˵ĺڣԥ顣


2319 ͽ
ҶԪ˧޷ȫΣڶƭԼѡΪ˵ĺڣԥ顣
ԺڵɣҶֻشĸ֣Ԫ˧нֹ
ĸ֣úΪ֮һϣֱһӣеΣҶֲһ䣬Ԫ˧Ҷ׵飿
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֪ҶڱܣܵԪ˧ͷϣǲеˣ
ҶȻ֪ڲˬЩܣǲܱ¶ġ
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ʶ̫̫Żһǿ츳֮ҶʶµѾյ̫һĴļֵ
һݱ¶ȥ˵ǲҪ鷳ʱ
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ĿǰֻҪǽĽӽۻ޷֧Ԯټ
ǣħͳ˧ħʶ̫׷տɲɵӡ
ѪҪֹؼսٷųһ̽ӰħͲǷųһˡ
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ǰǰҶһõ˶ʮѲѪ飬ǧѲѪ顣
ģҶʱռѲ񽫺Ѳԡ
ҶµѲ񽫵Ŀţ㡢ˣѾﵽʮˡ
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ҪϢĲˡ
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Ӵ˿𣬽ֹκηѶȫ괫磬ӵʱ䣬ǵսĿʹˣҶƧȥ

ڵĻҶٴָŴʼϢĽӽѪҪ
ҲڴʱͻأģһӺ󷽱սһеһзɳ
⣬Ҷ治ɵôŭ
´˭÷Ѷ
ڲѶֻҪɳСèޱԪ鰢񣬱ֵӰӦò
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ҲһɲǣҶڣͬʱʧ
ΪҶжΪڲѶǵ⣬Ȼֱڱδֱը
Ѫɫķ⣬ҹըĿ
ǾǸ֧ǱеԮһλһ
ʱħ棬ٵ⻪Ｒ˹
ҶסȴǷŭ쵰ĸɱǧͽ¶ǣ


2320 ¶ĵ
ԵĻһǵ¶ȫľѶۣҶɫѾޱȣ
ʲôйһ
ͽйһ
һɲǣҶһ֮оٵĳ嶯
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ħĸ֣ɲɵӡ
£ֻƴѪսˡ
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սһžųĺڵɫѾѿ˼㡣
֮ǰҶĵı֤ȡԴ
ڣƫƫ³⣬ǳֱ¶ȫĿͽ
ʱ䣬޲ûǸͽ
սħѾǣѹûʱ䣬´˼֮󣬾Ϳʼ
Ȼ޷ͻϮǴ˿ֻ̣Ѫսˣ
ɱ
ŭУټֱӼ䣬ħгǰߵļǴǺ«ͱƬ
󣬴ʼϵĵӣɱѪҪͬʱӦѶš
ҶοǣʱѪҪǣȻѾʧأڳѪսǣħ󲿷λǼ֡
ܿģõǰԤħʹ˷֧Խ˵ĴҶ֧Χ
ͬһɲǣʹ⻪˸ʮ߼˹лкüλ̫һˡ
Ⱦħսūǰ棬ƽϧһдۣ䴩оΪҾͻѪҪڳǣȡս
ǣȾ
ӦɲǣȾһʱʹ߶˿ħսū䣬ȻħսūԼʮħ࣬Ŀ£ǰ
ڲ棬ϾͻԣȻĻҲܴ
ҶߵĴŰЩħսūսþƺܱ
ԣһЩħսūһ໽ţŵȳһ˵ħ˹ȥ
ڶħ壬Ҷһ֧ħսūţ˵ѾҶ泹װ
Դܵľ֧ħսūսǡ
Ҷ˧սһսβǰ棬䴩ڸ
ҶͷȥʱĺڣȻֳһ޴ļƷľŻ𵶣гɱ֮⣬֮ɫ
ҶףԾսǰ档
ʵʩ䴩սʱѹģʵǰ档
ǰ棬ֻҪǿѹʵƽѹģʵĲǰ档
ǲ֮£ս
׼ˣ
ҶҲɱ裬ʱ˾ϡ
Ϣ֮󣬺ڵıսսһţ粨˰ķֿ˱˾ࡣ
ڱˣֳ־Ż𵶣Դǰ棬ŻһǵĽâնǰħͷ·һնɱ
Ǻڵƴ󿪴ϣߵǽ·ˣϬغء
һն£нƾУҲΪĺضɡ
һʱ䣬ڴȻһѪһ㣬һ·߸նɱͽȻҪ׷ͻħսūš
ΣҶҲһ£ڣͽ
ҲΪֻеڣҪΪǿһ㣬ֵаϣһ֮Ϳ䴩ħһ
һĻ˷£һԮħˡ
λòͬԶ
صĴȻߴʮ򣬵ΪֻԶԭҶֵģʵֻǰһħ
ʱҶʮս
ռݾԵơ
ҪǣҶ˿ʵʩ䴩սһҶͻħ룬һ֮£֮£߾ۼħ޷ӳʵ
ħͳ󽫣ɲӹš
ܿģڸͻħսūŵٶͻһ
ȴ֧ħħǰˡ
ħԷޱȺؼͬΪ֮£һǣΪǸ磬Ҳһնɱǡ
ǰͷ裬ʹ䴩սʧܡ
һ޷ɹͻħĸ֮ڣôѪҪĽӦֺʹҲ޴ӽӦ
ҶµĴʱͻħ˷Χֱȫû
ͬһɲǣֳ־Ż𵶵ĺڵĹƣҲħħ±
ҶĽüһʱɳ
ʱ˿̣Щƣͱñ¶ˡ
һɲǣ͵࿴ХޱߵѪεһ˶ħӡ
ج
ħ츳֮ͨһ
جͨħʩչǧܵͲˡ
ǣһǿޱȵĻħʩչǾȫһˡ
ҪǣҶħߣڻϹħԜĴ֮ϹħԜҲͨս
߽֮£ǳɱ
ҪսѪʩչǿߣҪܵĳ
˿̣ûսѪƮͷһսѪ۵ĲսجС


2321 䴩
ڷХֱԪجгУһħԶıجǵħһͶ˾һҡ
ԭһ׺ޱȿƵǹħʱĿҡҡλεģǴ׵ĸһ
ʵʩ䴩սǰһ׼Ҫһ
츳ͨĸ£ٴθ䴩
ǣجģɲħ
гħһ̫һĵ
ج֮£⼸λ⧲֮ҲԪܵ𵴣ܱߵķӦóٶޱȡ
ͨۻһʯХУͽһԪܴħץ˹
ֵܣţ
̫һֱӱͨۻҶ棬ӹɲǣͨۻϵľͻ棬ѾһĵײĻϡã󱬡
л磡
Цţ̹Ҷڴ𣬲
һΣҶ沢ûɡ
˿̴սǰʺСɡ
ֻСɷ룬ȫҪȻӽռڡ
һħֱӱͨۻյǰˮͰϸĴһͨá
ħûзӦԴϣԪݳ
ݳԪһԶݣҶսѪ죬ȴᡣ
ûĽһħԪͱսѪ˽ȥŸղʩչطġ
جԵǿɵӰ죬Ϊֹ
ͨۻٴʩΪɲǣһԪ⣬Ͷشͨۻԡ
ԹֽһԪɲǣͬʱʮɢŻϢķ⡣
ԪĺȫˣˣɫҲò԰ޱȡ
һԪ⣬ʵǴɱ
һμԮѪҪҶǳڰ˴ȨٲҪ˺ܶǿַ˸ԪϮĵ
Ȼոˡ
ǵԪֵɲǣҶе鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪһǵԪ⻪Ϯλá
Ҷӭȥɲǣһ֣һСлԪ׾ͺǸ
һɲǣһԵĻˣӽţޱǱĴе
ҶӭȥɲǣǰħѾָˣ˼ɵĳҶʵʩ䴩սԵĴ
ҪԵֹҶĴ
ԡ顢۵һѲӭȥɲǣʦηɰȴڴʱ߳һ
ת
ɲǼ䣬ʮŽٽ̲ɽ潣ɲǣĺɷ֮ս
һɢ躮ŽٱʦηɰУֻޱµһն
ȵڵţħֱӾͱʦηɰ׵Žٱֱɡ
۷ţħһ֮£Ѫ硣
ҪǣѪ˲Ϣͺһ飬һӺ
һӺ·һֱӱ䵽˵档
ȻУķѡ
ڵţħҲķѣ
˲ϢɣԪݳ
ǶݳԪ飬ûӹսѪĶ֡
ʱǻɢ
ʱħĵصһ
һڵŮˣȻһһλսǿĵ۷ţħնɱˡ
սѾǿֲǾˣ
£ǵڵĴڣҲ޷һնɱһλڵĴڡ
һʱ䣬ʦηɰ׵Ľ֮£ħĵ֮Ψֱһشնɱ
ݺ䣬ʦηɰһˣǣӰħͳˡ
һĻҶ濴þ̾̾ôŽٽ̵ûа׷ѡ
ҲڴŴıսһžųޱȡ
ҶֶΣлҪĶࡣ
ͻȻ䣬ھͶͻѪҪġ
𾪵ģȴָħΧѪҪڳǵħʶ̫׷ա
ѪҪĴԮʿͶش
˿̼ԮչȻնɱħʿ֮߰··һһС߳
֧ŵڶȨͨɼ붼Ԯսս
ħʶ̫׷յıӶˡ
Сӣ

У˭ܸң£ô˿ֲج
جֻħ߲ʩչѲɣһ£嶼ûеĻħߣ
ħʶ̫ӵħڶ߲
⣬治ûش̫ˡ
һشĲãԾʿо޴Ĵ
£جħߵجŲСӦǲ
ңĻħߣǲ֮ӣô̷һ鱰壿֪ħʦ࿪ڣΪ¶һ
ҪȻҪǴлħҶ£ǶħĵӰ죬̫ˡ
Ǵ£ͽˣħʶ̫׷Ȼ׷֡
ϡޱȵĻħ߰
ζҪ
֪ħʦ˵ͷǽ
׷̫ӣҶģҶһˣǰʩչܻѪҪѲʥӣŭ
ʥӷģ
ħʶ̫׷ڴӦҲӦɲǣѪҪ䴩ı˾֮ڣͻȻͱֱĻ


2322 Ķ浯
ѪҪڳǵϾŲвҶµı˾սһŵʿǣͬʱֱĻ
ȴǰͲǰħսūšµıսһЭ֮£䴩˵ǰһħ
ʱһ֧ħǱľһ㣬Ҷ֧ԮţһΧѪҪڳǵħ
״ʥʱͼˡ
һˣǾӢ֮ǰĸĸζڶۣһҪ
΢һֱڳʩչܻطʱʥӾȻӪȡ
ֻܻطһһֱѹŴ˾ǣʱзļ
Ҫ֪ĵǿߣħħĵֻ಻١
ϾؼࡢѲ˾ǾӪվá
ͻϮѪҪħҲֻǽʥӵܻͨѹƣټϻһǵ˱ɫɫԪ⣬ѹסļ˾ǵ
ҪȻ꾭ӪС
״ħʶ̫׷ʱͼˣħϴĴۻսԲܾŹˡ
ʥǣҶͶ̫ӽձؽն£ħʶ̫׷յĸ֤ʥݻǰ˵ĳ嶯
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һħӣʼӽѪҪĻΧзԶΧǵħȴֿʼ⻷Χ֮С
Χǵĺһзֳһ֧֧ӭҶļԮţΪ˲ʹɱ٣ֲϵ֧벹䵽֮С
һĻҶɫ䡣
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ǣħʶ̫׷յսԣѾ˼ĵħΧǾӺ󱳣ͻȻ˺üʵޱȵĵͷ
ٶʮħӭϮ󷽣ʮΧ
ħʶ̫׷յһãֱôʱ˫ļԮţ˾
һٴ䴩ӭĶʮħǱ֮
ٴ䴩ӭĶʮħҶѹûκġ
ʿһٶ˥ߡ
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Ϊ䴩ս棬һǰͿ䴩
䴩ͷһ裬䴩Ŀܡ
ʮħƣҪ䴩ϼѡ
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ΨʦηɰһƾŽٽ˫ƣһǰǰû֮С
ʦһˣͽκΡ
ԭҶ淽ŻһһˣܣȻԴֲⷽµϢ
ǣħϮ䵱ǰҶֻδʧᡣ
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˿̣ʲôƱ¶¶ģѾòҪˡ
Ҫǻ
ø˻
һҶ׼ʱռڵػеľӢˡ
ͬʱռڵѪþ֮УѪþźػŵľӢ֮ӦÿͻѪҪˡ
Ȼ˵ôЩòʧʱˣѾ޿κˡ
ЩҶĵˡ
º˽ƺ󣬴ʱѾ벻ôˡ
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ǻЩƵĵĶ浯˶ٿţ
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ǧţӣ
ڶȨͨȼȥͶĶ浯̫ŽѹҪԮһѪ·
¡輸ûκԥĵͷӦǡ
һ֮ǧɢź̹⻪⣬ѪҪڳǷɳһ˾Ŀ£ЩĶ浯׼ޱȵڵҶǰħϿձը
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ھʹʱһԼԼļޱʯঽ𣬾ͼѪҪڳǳͷĻ¡е̫Ž˳һӰ
Ӱӹ֮ŰĵĶ棬ͷ·õ˺Ĵһ·ˮһ㣬ֱӴӵҶǰħкʶ
֮֮£ʱҽ
ߵħ彫ʿ٣ӣǳӵ꣬ڵĶķ°ҽС
ֻҪЩΪǿĽǿߣ⣬ܴǳ
˲Ϣ䣬ѪҪڳǳǽҶı˾ǰǰһǧףͱܼµĵĶ浯һʮյش
һ֮£ɵħĿ򣬶߰
վڳͷĻ¡е̫ŽٴһӣڵŰĵĶ棬ͷ·һߣҶĴڳһ
ҶԪ˧ʱǣʱڶȨͨɸߺ
ɱǣ
һɲǣı˾뱱սһŻףһͽѪþóҶ棬һ


2323 Σ
¡Ķ浯̫ŽȸҶʳһ·
ҪҶٳ岻ѪҪҪһ鶹ˡ
ħʶ̫׷ʥܻҲֻ֪ħʦ̾ϢУĿһ֧ɥԮѪҪڳС
ԭʿ֮ϾŲвΪһ֧Ԯĵϲһϣˣͱòһˡ
Щ͸˾ǵľҲȫһˡ
෴ģһ֧䴩شΧ³ѪҪڳǣħʿӰ켫
һһ֮£սƾͱöħ弫䲻
ǿҲͽ
ѾѪҪǣڳǣʵֻʱ⡣
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ϴƬ̣ʥҲֻգ䷢ĵһҪҶǧˣҲ֮ԡ
Ŵսʱоȳ˵ĿܣսЪҶֻҪеʱ䣬ˣĲˡ
ħʱʱΧսһҹϾŵĲвѪսѪҪԮһ
սĽȴҶЩء
սħսūǧಿǧˣ˾ٴǧˣಿʮ
УǿԽܵˣҶ濴Щء
Ǳӵܱÿһʧ
֮£ڵıսһţͿƲˡ
ΪԼ¶ǰĴλã֮£ΣյĲǰѪսսľޡ
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ʱʮԮջŽѪҪڳǵģʮࡣ
İǧħսūţΪ͵ģɶͨ񾳣дٲֽǾеľԵֵܾ
⻹ֶνӦ£ҪȻȫûĿԶС
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ŻԡѪҶ棬һ԰׵ĵڶȨͨɣ촽ЩˣǷȴҶһ䡣
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ͨɰ˰֣޷ҹ֮ʣȶȫ֮ʱħһ֮ħ͵Ϯ˵ˡ
ٴδһҶ棬ͨ̾Ȼס
ӿЩһס
ЦһֻͨһҶԪ˧ϾھְߡߵϾ˧ڣĿǰϾŲвʱʱͳϽϷΪϾŸ˧
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˵ţڶȨͨޱóȨȣϷͨɣڶȨ֮ٻΪѪҪͳ˧һӦ£
Υߣն࣡
˵꣬ڶȨͨɨһʱϾŸ˧ڣ縱˧û
˵ѯʣʵǵڶȨھϾŵĽϾУҶı˾ڴܣȫŲϺŵӺžš
ƽۿһ۱˾¶ѣ
ڵķӦȴЩϣҶԪ˧ս֮ĩжš
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ʲô󣿡
˺ս£Ͼȫ£ΨҶԪ˧ǴӣǣҶԪ˧ȫ׷ıϾŰشԪ˧һڸ˧ı֣֮ȫ׷ף
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Ҷ֮࣬Щ֡
ıϾžų̩֮ˣڼ飬ڼһȷ̸𣬾͸Ӹˡ
״ڶȨͨɾŭ̩֮һ׷ףϾһڴǰΪҶԪ˧ε
ѵʱ˧ȴǲȻ̩Ǳ˾ڼѪҪķҲǱĸڼƻڣѾ˱֤ˡ
룬ҶŻڣ׷ڼһ£临ӣĿǰս½޶Ͼ׷飡
˧㱣֤һϢԻ׷ᣬ׷Ѱ֣Ҷ˵
л˧
ڴͷ֮һҴľ˧׷ٴδΰҶ棬ϿҶͳ˧
̬ƽϢڶȨͨɾҵĿ˼òƽϢͶҶҶԪ˧س֮£ȫ㴦ˣϷȥˡ
˵꣬ڶȨͨɴ˿첽뿪ʵҶףڶȨͨӦǼˣֻǲԸǰ˵Ӱʿ
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һʱ֮Ҫ֪ĿǰϾŵ鱨ԱеװݡһӦ𣿡Ҷȵ
ĩ
´˵һҶͿһ۱սһԪ˧һۣԪ˧Ҫ̣
֮࣬ҶҪǣԼڲ¶λõͽ


2324 ͽţ
Ҷʱ˧ʣҶ滹ûվսһԪ˧ھ¼סƽɽͨһҶͷء
ξ޷֮ʳͽҾ£Ҿٲ֮Ҷ˧оնĳͷԾЧȡ
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˵꣬սһԪ˧ٴͷأ𣬳֮
״Ҷŭɫǰ𱱲սһԪ˧ڣսԪ˧ԡѪ棬ǣԿ֡
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Ӧǣڻشһַһö򣬡Ҷ˧ͽһжξУǴһӦԼʿ֮Ǩ
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Ӧ֮ţʹͽʬĴָ뿪ֵȻһﾫڴҵרҵʿ졣
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ͬģ֮ܳ£һͨһУͿԸȫǡ
ûӦĵǿӭսħĵʿٶ࣬Ҳ൱ѡ
פڴ˵ĵڶʱڣӦÿӦħĵΨһߣǻһԪˡ
ܹ˾ȼԱĹؼҪСġ
֪˴ΣҶѾʼѰƽ֮
ȻڵŷȴҪһѰƽ⣬ơ
Ҷһʱݷ»¡裬ҵԼ⡣
Ҷ⣬Ҳܼ򵥡
µӵӦ֮ʣʹõǵĶ浯ϻ¡Ļ̫֮Žȣֱڰиӵгһƽ̹
˵ɱУսʱһΣʱõõ˵ܹŤתǬħ
ϣ֪Ҷ⣬¡ȴޱȵΡ
ҶԪ˧ҲˣϷ㡣Ķ浯Ҫսʣ˴γ׼͸Ȩ׼ϷŴǧţһսù⡣
ڻжٴϷ಻֪ǾԲࡣΪĶ浯Ϸµ˾ûطڵ֮ҹ
һλ˾꣬ŵһöĶ浯һĵĶ浯ܲһԲᳬٿš
ؼʱ̵ľսʣҲż䱸
ӦУͶƵɱУºѡ
ڵЩ֧Ų˶á
ҪȡãҶԪ˧ͨȨ룬ͨȨڵá¡˵
ԣҶϲɵøʧ֮ɫ
Ķ浯һĲҲᳬٿţÿ궼ܻһ֣Ҳ̫ࡣ
ҶҪʮƵе뷨ˡ
ðɣȻˣʹ¡ˡħ幥ڼħ塢һ塢һ֮£ޱ͡
ҪдֲӦ
ԣȷ֪ڴ˵ļ˾Уܹսĵ˾ȷĿܹսĽ˾ĿԱ䡣Ҷ˵
ȻҪѪҪôҪһҶҲʱҪ
ҪҪѹᡣ
ļ˾ǵλ磬һָܹӵģ
Ҷ治һְѪҪͳ˧λĸߣԼˡ
ʱҪҲǡҪǻˣֻȡ衣
Ϣ֮󣬴¡Ӧ´֮ҶŸ뿪
ոմźڷ˧ʣǰǸħʾͽϸţ
ôɲͽĵϸֻǲʲôҶǰţʵ
ͬʱҲһڴĿţսһĨڡռ˵ͽڴʱ޲ò塣


2325 Լˣ
˧ͽǴܷ꿤ʿѾǨߪְһӦɸɾװףûзκ쳣˿켣
ţرȴñսһžųڵѿԽ
ûκ쳣֣˵ﻶѱ֮ٶǣظ
ȷǣﻶȷʵӦĳʿڷţ¼ķѲ˾ͬţﻶ䡣ţٴ˵
Σ׷
Դ棬˶ԭʮһȥһĸһ˫ӽڡ
ͬȥ֤ĸѲ֪٣ѯԵȻ²Ƿס
ͬŲ֤֪֮鱨κţ
Ҷüͷһĺɾô˵׵Ķˣ
ţԥһ£شˣȷʵˣʱΣ޿ɲ飡
شҶüͷһ壬ҶüģǴ𰸣ţüɫ
ţΪҶ£ҶȻţ飬б
ԭҶ֮٣úҲ顣
ںڣʱֵʱҶѾһ˼
룬Ҷ滹ûпţ顣
ţҲǴˣûеرڱܻʲô
Ҷְο˺ڼ䣬ڽһЩ񣬺ʴֻ֮ţ
ִ磬Ҷȵ㵽ʲô֣
ˣҲǷ֣һƶϣţ˵
ʲôƶϣ
ˣûκη֣ʵķ֡
ҶЦõǣţȻ˻棬ҶҲ벻ס
۾һɣҶͳţȵӣʲô֣˵
ţЦˣûӡ
ˣûз֣ͽﻶһУ̫ɾ̫޺ۼ
ϵûκο׷Ŀꡣײôͽ
ﻶƫƫͽ
ԣҶĿͻһƺ򣬡˵˵ţҶָָԸ
ţصĵ˵ͷǣ᲻صҶһƨҶ淢֮ǰæ
ħʿҲмѰ˳ѧ꣬ѧʱ䣬ܾǽʿѵʱ䡣
ͨ£ִѲ˾ڵ˸Ѳģֻ¼֮ûκθĵĿܡ
˵ģؼవ׮ֻҪ֣ҲԴп˿켣
ﻶȴֽʵɡ
⣬ʬ֣ﻶ֮ĲӺͷѲ˾ʿ֮ķ
֮⣬²ﻶڲ֮Ѳ˾·ʿ֮˸һ㣬һ㣬ûκ
֮״ҲѲ˾ڲʿ䷢֮ʱ֢״һģһ
ţҶѾԽԽѿԽԽ䡣
⻵ҴµʿﻶѲ˾µʿҶȵ
һţϸ־֮ɫæڵأˣֻµĴƲѣûʵ֤
Ѳ˾£ʲôʱҪʵ֤ҶƵֻƵУ͸һĪ⡣
ʿﻶѲ˾Ѳ˾ʿħսѲϴǧŵĵ̡
õ֮ҲѲʹõõ֮ӵľ
ʿں£Ȼײ
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ѲϴǧҪԸҶ棬⻹Ҫ
ǣҶ濴Ѳϴǧ˽𣬶ѲϴǧŴ˿̾Ȼ蹫±£ῴѲϴǧŹ˽ãЮ˽
￴̺ľֲ̫ˡ
ѲϴǧħսӦΪܻʵۺͳ͢ĶĿ鱨ڵһʱϴͬʱøֶħսս
ڣѲϴǧȴµʿƻҶԮ֮٣ħͨ籨š
ⱳ壬ȴɾ̫ˡ
˼һ£Ǿ͸ӿֲˡ
Ѳϴǧţڴд֮٣˼ɾ˼ˡ
ĬãҶٴοڣţ˵ؿħս˫۾ϹˣΣ
ţҲǾı֮ԣʱʹ죬˼ãŻشˣĿǰؿħսֻ۾ûϹҲˡ
У֪Ŀǰħսƣܹռ֣ҶУͻظ˼ֱΡ
Ѳ˾һֱؼµĿѲϴǧ죬ǾʹضħսƣѾ˽⡣
ս·Ȼ֪ôӽ٣סصġ
һЩҪĹؼϸڣѲϴǧ֮£ǺѲϴǧŵĸ򣬶롣
һ˼֮ҶȻ
ǰҶֻħսֻΪħ岻֪ǰĲͻȻսˡ
ʱʿﻶһ£ҶȻ䷢֪䣬ħսȻһޱȻҵĴ̶
Ӧ˵һҩͰ
һűȼһĴ½ᷢ췭ظľޱ䡣
ȥЩĲ룬ôѲϴǧŴ˾٣ȻΪĵߡ
ΪҶٴɫ
ȥ󶼶ҲѳɹɾҵҪǵʲôҶ˵
´ûã˧ʹ
ˣϾŸ˧Ҫ˧㱨Ͼž񡣡


2326 ʮ
ħս󶼶ڣ󶼶ԭޱĽһݾƵǰ
˵ҶˣܹܡСƣܹԸ
ⲻСֳɹĸѪҪ
ڴ󶼶ԭ֮ˣһһħʶ̫׷ҲǷʮ־УȻһҶ棬μʮԮѪҪ
Ҷ汾±ǿս֮⣬ǧŵض浯ĽӦҲǹؼ
ǧŰ϶ĵ̣ܵ͹϶ƣһԵĻۣ֪˶ôֲ
ߣ
ϴǧŲһ󶼶ڿɲ˵ʱѪҪһδƣһͲܾ°Ӧñż
Ȼڴ󶼶ԭǰģѲϴǧš
ѲϴǧţǰʥħսѲ˾Ѳħսս
ֻǣ󶼶ԭһ𣬻ѾԻʼ¡ԲԸ⿴Ρ
ҶԲԸ⿴Ρ
һһ𣬾ʹҶĳЩǳƲ⣬ˡ
ʵҶȥĶʮԮʲôѪҪسǵķѻʱ޸ħΧ֮£ѪҪʧֻʱ⡣
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ָʱڣԼѪҪġ
ǣ˿ȴѾǼϣòѪҪʧȴǷıҪȾ֮һ
ҪǣǻֵȻʱʧȥѲ˾ħսĶĿɱΣֵ»ؼ࣬Ϣ
һվãػֶᷢߣʱ򣬿ɾ鷳ˡԭ˵һǳֲĵ飬飬ȴû˿ĵӡ
ͱ˾Ѳϴǧţܿԭʱ֮⡣
󶼶н֮˰ɣϴǧ˵
ԣԭЦҪɴ£ܲıߡ
ЦţһֱδڵĸʦҲı¡
ʦ˰ɣ
ıЦվ𣬡󶼶ʦѾȺʱ
룡
룡
Ϣ֮һɢ΢ķӰڲıµĴ£̤ҡ
ԭѲϴǧţͬʱӭ
妴ʦԶʧԶӭţ
ߣǱˣȻѪҪڳǾסʥ洫Ӻ妣

Ͼʧ֮أҶ׼Ҷޱȡ
Ҫ֪ϾſȫפѪҪġ
Ͼʮˡ
ֻǴܾŵĿͨ£ܸսŵʵĿӦǳĿġ
Ͼθ˧֮ԣϾפѪҪʱȫʮһˡ
ǣһҹ֮䣬·ҶԮٵħܴȴĸʱѡ
ĸʱ֮ڣϾŴʮһڵĶʮ
֮УʮϾʿ䣬
ʣĶʮУ˴ˣ߸Ǹߴɡ
տս֮Ŀʮࡣ
ҪǣϾԭʮԪ˧̩죬ϾŵĵĿߴʮλ
ڣϾŵĵλ
֮ǰħʱϾŵĵǷսڵһߣ˼ء
Ҷ汾ΪϾŵĿսܹ֮һɡ
û뵽Ҷģֻпĳɡ
һѪҪڳǣԮ㣬ҲͿʮࡣ
ʵ˵ʮʮҲѪҪϡ
ѪҪ¡
ѪҪȻƻѪҪķֻѪ֮֮ʮħΧ£ԶԶ
ңڸոգҶ滹õһǳεĻϢ
ѪҪķڼͽ֮ƻܹ޸ܹȵʿسѶҲ½
Ƿܹ޸ʹܹ޸һ֣ҶҲسǡ
ǣոյϢǣͨ󷨵̫ϳԳ쿴ҡͷ
ѪҪķڵ㱻ƻԱƻķǳס
ʱҪ޸ĿԣѹûС
Ҫ޸ҪϵĹ
ң̫ϳĻ˵޸̫鷳̫ˣ޸罫𻵵ĲֳĨȥؽ
ؽĻȫʩΪ֮£ֻҪ¡
ǣ̫ϳνȫƵĨȥؽָѪҪĳǽȫƵӻʼؽص׷󣬳ǽȵȡ
Σռȫ
ħڶ棬ôܻƵؽĻء
޸ңңڣؽûпռʱ䣬֮ʱڣסѪҪֻܿѹ޷п֮ˡ
֮£ҶҲֻڶʱڣڡ»ַòӷ
鲼ü䣬Ҷٴνӵ˴ħս󶼶ľ
ͷȻһݼν
һ±˾뱱սһţܹɾǾӿģսϱأһ͡
ߣһµľ
ҶʱͳϾŲвսһŲвѪҪʮ졣
ԭҲܼ򵥣Ŀǰħսθӣ·죬·ϸħأԮнٶȻ
Ԥһִ֧ܹԮʮԺ
ʮ죡ҶһصĽݾƸ˺ڣ


2327 Ѫ֮
⼸䣬Ҷһֱħսսس֮Ѿ켫
سǣʵһ̶ֹսģʽ
˫սصѶսԱ֪ʱ֪ԣسѾжʽ
ҪͿָӼϸˡ
ԣμѪҪʮľ²ãҶڡڡֻ˰ʱöˡ
֮µϸڣ㡢졢ڡǰŵˡ
ҶԪ˧ҪΪʮһܰ˻
󶼶ľѪҪʮ졣
˵ʵҶܷɣûжġ
ҶܹõԴôˣҶѷѾԿˡ
ܲסѪҪʮ죬ҪҪħĹǿˡ
ǹǿ㹻ܲ죬ⶼ˵
Ҷ˿̵˼ȴûʮϣǷʮ֮⡣
˵ʵ֮ǰҶѾԴ󶼶һ˿õƲ⣬ѲϴǧŵĲ֡
ʮ죬ԮݾȴִҶݻɡ
ƺħս󶼶ԭȫҶƲ
ҶЩԻˡ
˿켣һһ㣬ħսϿգҶ濴ơ
Ҷ濴Լ뱱˾ǵǰ;һã֮С
ãҶһһͽʱռ䡣
սڼæ͵еʱ䲻ֵ࣬˹ؼʱ̣ܹһʵδ˵ܹһݱ֮ܡ
ҹҶһλ̫ˣʱҶѹûʱططҪѨˡ
˿̣Ҷʹܵĵ̫֮ط֮ԼԼͻȻ
ϧǣҶǣĿǰʩչڵǿߵԪ֮ϡ
һҶԪΪĿǰҶ滹֪ǣڵǿߵԪȵжǿҶ滹жӿƣ»ˡ
ʵҶ£ʩչǣĵʱȻλˡ
һλĿһλԶڱΪҶ֮ǰ£ʱռǱͻƳΪķİ
˶Ϊ΢ʱͱҶǣƣҶԪǶԱоԵơ
ߣôѾҶ泹ģ֮ܡ
ؼǣ˱ûһӴޱȵļ塢ֻΪ֮ı
ǰˣȴһ
ԣҶ֪ǣƣǶʱµĿĽݾȴðա
ȻǣܲܿƵǿߣд𰸵ġ
ȴҶδõʦ½һִС龭
ȵõ龭֪ˡ
龭ȴղδءڰءھطռС
֮ҶҪõŴеϰ벿龭ĴҲý⿪ؿռ
ĿǰҶʱ޷⿪ĵؿռˡ
ԣҶܵĵ˵ˣѾע
ڸʥȥףҶ滹ûôɵ
ŷ︴õԭںС֮ǰҶ潫˽ţ
ν֪֪ˣս
Ҷ̫һ֮Ѫ𣬻Ƕ˽һ̫һΪ
ϧǣΪҪԪеطԵʣ޷ѻ꣬ܵˣ̫һĵλߣҲޡ
ȿȷϵǣ̫һڣ˶ȷʵʢ
ÿһ˶ڶҪף
Σһǿʵڵʥ
ʥһڣ컯ĴڣҲ컯ˡ
ֻһڣʥֻһλȴв١
ÿһλΪͻƵ컯ˣᱻΪһڡ
֮⣬ţ˵ĿУõҲһЩͨϢ
һ嵱УѪ𱰣ѪŨ𱰡
ӵеԽ࣬ѪԽ
෴ģӵеһͬһռԽߵˣλԽߡ
ԽӵˣλԽ͡
ͬʱӵˣûʲôλ
˿սĵˣȫ˫ռȵġ
ܵλ飬ϵΪϵΪ
֮ǰս񽫣˵Ĺˡ
ȫǵһˣһУλսǿ
һУһ࣬Ǿʥӡ
һУоȫоƽߣܱΪʥӡ
ҲǽľˮռɣܹΪʥӡ
ϣÿǧ꣬һвܳһλоȫ־ƽߣ̶Ϊʥӡ
ǣһУмλʥӣȫ֮أܹ֪ͨġ
ƳЩϢλôҲֻʣ±ҶΪˡ
Ѿᳵ·Сʮ÷Ԫٿⱻ²ĵڡ
ڱѾϹˡ
ԪڵطͳͳҶڡ
ڵİѪ֮ͳͳ뵽ؿռ֮ϣռݣҲǻٳɶࡣ
ǰλԪ֮ڣҲвٽϵطҶƣٲ֮Ľϵ鹬ͿԳɾͽϵˡ
ԭһж˳֮¡
ոտʼתûãʩչͨСͻ
״ˣ˵ľѪ֮ڣƺ̺һɷͬҪҪ
Ѫ֮ڣҶждɻ


2328 
״ˣ˵ľѪ֮ڣƺ̺һطеƣȫͬһͣһӦ֪
ã
СͽԭҪطݵľѪ֮Ҷڡ
Ѫ֮Ҷԣûκô
СͨȻԽϸֿ
ǵ˵ľųɾŵľѪ֮Сʱá
һ㾫Ѫ·һҶС˵ǵͬѰС͵Ҷĵ֮ڡ
ҶԪʱУɲǣʱ΢΢һ䡣
Сԣ⾫Ѫ֮Уȷʵ̺һط֮ȴȫͬ
ָоѽ͡
ҶԸӦõ⾫Ѫ̺֮ȷʵط֮࣬Ƕеطܡ
ǣԪеط֮ȴֲͬ
֮еط֮ҶˣҲ޷ϵط
Լģܵط
⾫Ѫ̺֮Ҷĸоеһء
˭ֻҪأͿԵӦط
ֻ֮Ҫӵ⾫Ѫ֮еǵߣͯӣֻҪأͿԵѪ̺ط
һˣҶͷٿһ
Ѫ
Ѫ֮еֻҪӵĳѪûǸΪԷӦѪͨ
Ϊߵ͵ڣͨС
˲Ϣ䣬ҶξѪ̺֮ʲôˡ
Ѫ
һѪдµ츳Ѫ֮
֣Ҷ󾪡
С츳ͨȻѾܹѪе츳Ѫ֮Ҳɹ
ҪǱЩѪΪ֪֮ʱûҶ֮ء
ȻҲûôš
ԣ츳ѪΪ
ǣ츳ѪУȴӵƣΪﵽһ̶ȣܷ·һѪеһִС
Ϊﲻ޷á
ǣ̫岻һ
̫츳ȫѪеġ
һ츳ĸߵͣϾעˡ
Ȼⲻص㡣
صǣСҶӰ졣
ΪҶϾ뵽һ˵Ŀܡ
̫һԣСܹɵ㹻̫һ˵ľѪǲǿԱĻ̫һ츳ͨ
ͷֱӽҶԸһ
ͷܳɣй¶ȥ²ֹһ壬Ѫ츳̫壬¶ҪҶ浱Уɱ֮졣
ɱ֮죬նݳ졣
Ϊǹغǵ
һҶʱԸСǧٱ飬ϢԲܸκˡ
Щͨǰ붼룡
֮Ҷ˼ֻص⡣
ȻСܹ̫һ츳ͨѪ֮ɶôβŻΪأ
˵ʵҶ̫һ츳ͨǷǳĽġ
Ӧͨطǳɱɱ
ֻǣȴһ⡣
Ҷ滹ûɵֱӽ̺һ츳ͨľѪ뵽Ըڡ
ϵ
ɾѪܹ̫һ츳ͨôܣħĴܣˡ
Ҫ˵ļܰ˵̫壬壬ˡ
ԣ̫ȴúõġ
ϣֶΣ޷̺һ츳ͨѪġ
£ҶҲ޼ƿʩ
츳ô׻õġ
ǣҶƫƫ£ôһˡ
ΪҶӵйؼ俰ص֮飡
Сֹͣɣ
Ҷһ£һָûа˿֮λϡ
һʹ߶ʼ˵ľ顣
ڴ֮ǰ۾϶һ֮󱻶ķ
ɱ֮еޣֻ״λɱĳ࣬ұҶԼȫɱսʱҶҵĽ棬ǱʶԸĿĴԹעȫʬȵɺ֮£Է۳ĳ޵ľ顣
Ҷʦ½Ĵ֮Ѿǳ׵顣
ѾͨãȻա
۾飬ҲһͨãʱǷ۾飬ȫƾҶ
ҲԻʦ½Ĵ֮ҶҲ֪۾飬֮١
£𣬾ɢؼ䣬ۣ
ʦ½ʱһ
ȻǣһҶָ
ʦ½ͽڣһҶһɾʹž龫ռ䡣
Ҷʦ½ںĵرʮƻ羫飬۾顣
£ʵһֻ۳ʮֻꡣ
ǰҶ¶֪֮£˲ٵͽ޵ľ꣬ٻ羫˷ˡ
ԣ羫֮֮Ҷޱȵӣû۹ˡ
죬Ҷȴһδ߶۾ط
һɲǣҶ۾طչһ̫ӰʼҶ龫ռ仺֡


2329 ɳ;
ӰħʯӰɽޡϬûβзħ˽ţҶ龫ռڣǰһоſž顣
ֶһ̫һ龫顣
ﵽʮš
Ծռʮ˿žа˿š
ľһһţǾ֣ԣҶÿһž飬ޱȵء
龫飬ܹҶӵһ츳ͨǾֵ
ηӳܣҶѾ켫
һҶԪͳʳ¯龫ڡ
ɲǣһ޷ݵĹоͨҶɢ˷
ҶоУƺһЩһ㣬ЩһƺܹӰ쵽Ԫ
׼ȷ˵ܹӰ쵽Ԫе
ҶĸоУӰԴһ㣬ԽӰ죬ҪСһЩ
νӰ죬ҶĸоУһֺһָӡ
ҶƶϣһѪе츳ӦһֱȽϸ߼пǶط
ھϵĳ֮Ҷ淢֣Ȼ˵龫飬龫ڻõӰԪеӰ컹ޡ
ĵԪӰȣǲԶˡ
Ŀǰ£սӰȲ
ԭ龫ĵ飬źܴĲࡣ
Ͼһ츳ͨǴѪ֮С
龫飬û壬൱Ũľ
ĿǰҶ⾫ӰҲޡ
෴ģҶȴһҲʧܸˡ
Ǵ˿̵龫飬Ҷһãܷӳǰһ츳ͨҶ淴ʧ
ΪĻޱȵľͬ˷ѡ
£ҪãҲʥӵľá
ǣ˿̵龫飬ȴʦ½йؾһƲ⡣
þ֮ȵ壬ôкĳɳ;顣
ɳ;飬Ҳ˵ֻҪͬԴžԳɳ׳
ǰ龫ֺ͡
ھľΣʦ½Ҳûʲô顣
ʦ½Ƴ֮ھûʲôԾûжùܡ
ѣ͸ûл᳢Ծˡ
ֻǺ֮ʣлרһйĴ߶ţйؾƲ⡣
ԣɳ;飬Ҳֻʦ½һƲ⡣
Ƿ⻹Ҷȥ⡣
˵ʵ龫Ǻĳɳ;飬ô龫ļֵǿǰġ
Ҫܹɳô龫飬пҶ˻Ҫˡ
˿̣Ҷ޲Ͼȥ֤һ£龫飬ǲǳɳ͵ľ顣
ڴ˵̫һˣΪ͵ģȫǵħиơ
ĿǰԣҶûκΰȥһ顣
ΣҶУ֤龫Ƿɳ;£ҲֻʱѺ󣬵ȴᡣ
ִҶ漴ʱռ䣬ʼץһʱѾõĽϵط
ֻҪĽϵطᣬҶĵһĽϵ鹬ܳ׵ıɽϵͻƵһ
ȻҶ˿ܹæ͵еʱռҪǵµ㡢졢ţȾ֣ʱˣ⼸սУѾˡ
ҶֻҪһ򣬾еһӦСܹ˳
ҪȻҶΪ˾ͳ˧ּѪҪͳ˧ִССľǧͷ£Ҷ滹ʱ
ζܡ
æĲ߲ݲŲࡣ
ֻеλۣܾҶһֱͼһΡ
ħûиҶʱ䣬Ĺ򲻵ħٴѪҪڳǷ˽
Ҷֻæ͵ʱΨһ˵ǣʱռҶʵǱʱ䣬ȴߴʮ졣
ڽϵطϣ
ʱ֣ħʶ̫׷յָ£ħϰĴʼζ⿰Ƶ֮صѪҪڳǣȫλΧ
ֹħͬʱģһĸ֡
겼ã˴ĵ֣ԶԿħ塢顢֡
ǣѪҪڳǵ֮أѹûκս
˵ħĹ˵ħ塢顢ĽǷ츲ذͨĸֵֵȴѪҪڳͷս
ѪҪؾһһƬ
£ĵ֣Ҫڴս֮ʱѾľ;ֵ˽ͨ
ĵڻ顢顢ħֵϽ֮£ͷǳĳԿ˿̸ܷſֽŵĴսƸԣӾ硣
ģȴЩͨʿ䡣
ûзػĻǵĵǿڻ£ħܿ칥˳ͷ
ʿ̵س鱬ħ󣬴˿̶ʧȥá
Щʿģֻһ¡Ѫƴ̵졣
ʼûãѪҪڳǾͱѪʼϪˮһÿһɲǣ˫ʿƴȥ
һ̣ϾŲвǱ˾ֻǱսһŲвÿʱỵ̈дʿ
ع³ǵսҶıսԣҲɸΪ֮
˿ֻ̣ԭʼһһѪƴ
˧ۿߵֵԽƴԽ٣ԡѪĹ죬ȱ


2330 ǰ֮
ıҶ֪ܲܲ
ѪƴˣҶҲڵѪ
ħʱ˾Աͳˡ
Ҷһӱӵܱ
Ҷ潾ģЩӵܱǣûҶ涪
ħѪƴУٴһһ
ҶȽʹ
ڱ˾ϾŲв뱱սһҪҪһ㡣
ϾŴ˿̵ѾߴˣսһŸң̶ʱĴսУȻһǧˣȴߵġ
ʹ˾֮⣬ҶΪѪҪʱͳ˧ǣǵѪҪڳǵķ
ѶȣҶлҪࡣ
̶ʱ֮ڣسǴͼԱ
Աٶȣ˵سʮ죬ħֻҪңѪҪڳǵĴͻȫû
Сϣ
ͺһٵī̹⻪Ҷ淽λãնɱ糱ˮһ㹥ħ
Ҷ棬˸䣬ͳѪҪڳġڶȨͨԡ
ɫ԰ûкתĵڶȨͨɣ˿ָĵ˾Ӧսк˷ĵ
˿̣ѪҪڳǵĴܽʿʵͨʿ䣬ǵǿߣǳĳԿ
ܵĽʿ͵ǱΧһѪҪڳǡ
ˣȴԴ˷κνǶȹ
֮
˵ҶⱲӴεһսˡ
ҶԪ˧ս֮ʱǣҶ浽ڶȨͨʡ
ȨʱڵսҶĵһ
һɨڶȨͨɵɫʹ˾䡣
ȨĿǰһ죬죬ѪҪڳǾҪƴһʿݣҶ˵
һ죬죿ڶȨͨһҶ˵ָˡ
죡Ҷ油һ
ڶȨͨҲǼˣҶԪ˧سߣ
Ψ֮ƣֻһѪӽأѪӽɿռ䣬Сѹ˵ԼֵԮ
ϾħֲĹƣ޷̫õġҶ˵
ѪӽأڶȨͨЩԥ
Ҫǲˣ֮ѪӽʧҲԶˡҶ˵
ڶȨͨҲɱ֮£˾ϣȻˣҶԪ˧ͷŴѪӽأʱǽѪӽع
ף
Ҷ˵ͷ󣬾´˷Ѫӽص
˿ս˽ţسǴҪȻѪӽأҲ¡
ҵǣҶ潫ľͨ˿ѾԼЧ
ľľͨļ˾ǣѼһּԵĶӣأľͨ˲Ϣħ壬쳷˻ᡣ
ԭ֮Ȼãò̫
Щľļ˾Ķ٣ΪϢֻл꺣
ľͨмңҶСȴ
С䱾Զž壬ʩչľͨãЩľ˾ʮǼʮ
٣ħӷǳЧ
ⶾٺЭ£Ĵʿ˳Ѫӽء
ˣֳˣҲ˽ʱϡ
ңҶֱһħսūΪۣΪϺһ˾˳Ѫӽء
ѪӽԳһĿռڣѹ
ֻҪмϼʮλǿߣֻϼʮ󣬾Ϳصġ
ѹһȫʱ䡣
һ󣬵õĿȴҶ˼֡
ɹѪӽصı˾ֻʮ򣬽һս˾ǧˡ
ɹѪӽصıսһţֻˣһսµıսһţˡ
ɹѪӽصϾŲвֻʮϾŲвˡ
ҵģȴҶϺħսūţǧˣһǧˣʧ̩롣
̶̰ʱ䣬ͳѪҪʮˡ
ܱԱʮʮ߻󲿴ˡ
νң
ѪӽأѪӽؿռڵվأԴȵļٷѹͬʱȡʱԮ
Ѫӽأǡ
Ѫӽأúķ֮Ҷڵһʱҵ˵ڶȨͨɡȨİ̫ϳ˽顣
ͨȨȨ̫ϣѪӽأҪҪҶ˵
⣿ڶȨͨɿڡ
һ⣬ʵѪӽؿռȹԣ̫ϣ֪ħĴ͵ǣûпܴѪӽؿռ䣬Ѫӽռ䳹ױ٣ҶĿ⿴̫ϳ
ҶԪ˧ʵ㲻õģ
ȣѪӽصĿռݣʵǸصѪڴĿƺѪΪһġ
ҪûѪӽصĿռݣ͵ǳĸɾصѪеĸϢ
ħѹô
ңԣһռصѪҲһ飬ħǾԲģҶԪ˧Էˡ̫ϳ˵
ԣҶͷԶ
ҶԪ˧ĵڶʲôͨȨٴʵ
ͨȨڶ⣬ʵǰ֮
һͨɸİλȨ飬ޱȣ


2331 ж
ǰ֮ĸ֣õڶȨͨһ˲Ļ㱡
Ρߺޡŭ飬ӻȻĵڶȨͨһת
һѪҪƻϾžų̩һڸ߼챻ɱͽȫ
һеλĸ
Ҫǣ·֮󣬲ôãȻûвȻ
ĸ߲ǲɵѾµĲ²Щͽ
ҪǣѾв²⣬ʶ飬ȴûвʲô
ͽ˵ʮ˴͸ˣһӦɳ켣ܹģҲ鵽ˣ޷ںʱѱġ
Уɳͼװ׵ļֱûκο޵ĵط
鲻ֲġ
ȻҲǰ֮
ԭμ˾ѱ¼֮׼˳ϣһδϴܵͽ
ǣȥ˿ȥװ׵ģһδϴȻ޴֡
ΣҲǴ˿̵ڶȨͨεĵط
ãڶȨͨɳ̾һһ򽻸Ҷ档
ѪҪڣϷ뼸λȨڴ˵ĸ֮м˾ϡ
Ϸ֪ǰ֮뾾ܴڵͽǱһɣϷѾûκΰ취ˡ
£ϷҶԪ˧ϣҶԪ˧Ѳ˾ľ飬ϸɸ飬ܴڵͽ
ӹҶ棬Ȼ֮䣬;ɫޱ
ˣ˾ÿһѡʱǲɸѡġҶԪ˧ɸʱĪ⣬еķʸ
⣬Ѫӽķ񣬾ͽҶԪ˧ˡϷ֮£󷨵̫ϳ˾⣬ˣҶԪ˧
˵꣬ڶȨͨɾЩɪĻ뿪
һ뿪أڶȨͨ緢ƶһɼڵһ̨ףת֮󣬾Կ׼ͥ
ֻǣħս֮죬һٰܡ
ȻףĲãǻ׼ʮа˾ҲͬĽ
ǣƫƫȴֵ
νʱҲҲ
ܴ֮£˿Ѿɺˡ
ôûҳܵͽҶҲԸһ˵ôྫӢҪǿ
һ۾ܴҳܵͽ
רҵ齻ר
;ͽ£Ҷ潻ţ˺ų޿ײѲ˾
ҶԸʼ²
ϣҶ֮ʵڶȨͨǰ֮Ϊ˾ͽ
ͽ⣬һͿͿ
λӸλļ˾ͽɼ֮
½ţҶҲûţԽеͽ
ֿԣ̫Сˡ
ͽĿԺСǴͽĽǶȿǣҪ£ҪħѪӽأֻ߸ħѪӽشᣬȴмѰ
λ˼ⷽãȻαȴαꡣ
ʱҶһһżѲ˾֮ʮλóǱѲԣѪӽرߡ
ڼ䣬ħ̽ԵĽһֱûֹͣ
Ҳһֱûκνչ
ѪӽصĿռڣֱӸֳ֮ҲֻһԽʮҡ
ҲǵѪӽΪʲôʱ֮õԭ
ߣҶһ˶ʮλλӢԲΰΧڡ
Զϰټ׼
ħԷħҲڵһʱ䱻ɱ
˵ǣѪӽصĿռڣصѪһģ͡
ڵȫһأ䲨˿Ҷߣȫˡ
һϢ
ģȴǻϢ
ħѾռѪҪƾ֮㣬ʮִ֮һʮԮ⸴ѪҪĿԣ΢΢
۸Ĵпܹ⸴ѪҪ
󶼶ľʱ䣬Ҫʮ࣬ҶʲѪҪ
һ죬졭
ʱһȥѪӽħ̽Խһֱûֹͣ
ǵڶȨͨɵ˵ĵͽңȴһֱûг֡
ţǱͽһ£Ҳûʲôչ
ֻƾһҳͽţµѲ˾ӢҲûǸ¡
һ˾죬ħҲûκνչѪӽڵĴҲõ˳Ҳ
Ѫӽڣȴִеϸľơ
ˣ˼λԪ˧λȨ͵͵Ҫְ˾˾֮⣬ˣй̶λá
ĳ֧Ѳ߶ӣǵѲ·ߣֻĳһΧ֮ڡ
ҶѪӽڵˣвӣж
ҶһԽߣն⣡
Щ죬ѾǧʿͰļ˾߼ҶѲ񽫸ѲɵִжӸִоնɱ
ȻЩˣʮ֮˾Ųͽ
ǣɽ
Ǿ
ҲֻɭϾ֮£ܶžܵһ
Ѫӽڣһְɫֲһգձѹޱȡ
˧ʮ֮ھ͵ˣжǲӦһ£ٽȥЩʿ񾭽ܲˡ˵
ѪҪһδ⸴жһղܡ

ͻأģ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪҶһλã
ߣ߳һҶʹһѲ񽫣˰Ԫķ


2332 Ѫӽҵ
ʱ䣬ҶʹżλѲ񽫸ʮλѲԣ嵽Ѫӽϲ˾סһ侲ڡ
£
ڣס˾ųĴˣûзӦͱá
ҶԸЩѲԾ֪ʱӦʲô
ܿģһѲԾʹһ˾Уѳһöˮʪ
˧ҵˣִ˾ĴָУҵһСͨѶŲ̣ϱߣûĹʯ
ϵ˭ôģҶĿĶ˾ɫ˸Ҷ˿̣ѾһԻط
ش˧ˣûؼˣֻǳϵһ¡˾·߽һ˵
˧䲼Ľ㲻֪κˣ˽ϵΥն
Ҷ˲Ϣ˾һս˹
һͳҶ£˧治ǹģֻˣֻˣ˧ҪǲţԿڵϢ
ÿˣȥնˣ
Ҷһ£ִӽȥɲǣһ˾ʹ
˧һɡֻˣѾħսЧˣ
Чˣ̲ôʮʱ䣿ҶЦţָ˾߳㣬ͬΥ費飬ֱϲ⣬ˣƳȥһնˣ
Ҷһ£˾ͷʹأǵȴռύá
ǵ׼ϭȫзߣ
ҶĻ˵꣬⾹ȻȴΪסоնɱ˾顣
ҶԪ˧Ϊնɱˮ˾⣬ˮ߷߲ƽ
ΥҶĽֻĸ֣ţˮһͷʹ뿪
ǾΥҪɱͷⲻҪκνͣ
һڼ˾Сǳۡ
Ҷ֪ǸĶֳˡ
ڽ̶һʱ֮ڣҶ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪӵѪӽؿռڣͲ鵽һʮĴռ䲨
ÿοռ䲨󣬶Ǹ˾ΥСͨѶŲϵ
ϵɣһ㡣
ˣѪӽأ֪ΣǴԮ鱨ֻǱƽֻ顣
ϣÿ£Ի֧֣
˿̣ȴΥӦΥľ
ɽ
ΥߣҶһɵնʾڣͬһҵļ˾費ߣ൱оնɱ
̶һʱ֮ڣҶնɱ˾͸ߴʮһնɱĽ˾ﵽ
ǣĴѪͷûЧˣһɼ˾ߡ
һ򰮻Լҵڼ˾ˮͻ¡ˣҶ泳
ҶԪ˧ֻǿսվãһƽ飬㾹Ȼֱоնɱˣ
оѪʲô
ȥħѪӽأҶԪ˧ͽļ˾ɱˣ
ҶԪ˧Ǿ㷸ˣͲܽҪɱǣ

ŭޱȵˮ¡裬Ҷ
λǾҶλ˹֣ʱ˿̣Υء
һնֻδڣҶɫٴһ䣬͵˾סһ
벻ԶҶһѲ˾˲Ϣ˵
ڣһڵĻ˾һ黹е̺һö
Ҷ˳ɫ䣬ܵľ̸
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鿴֮Ҷʱͷ֣һλԸϵ˾
ƳȥնˣʾڣҶûκԥ
һΣĻ¡裬ȴڼ˾ǰţҿ˭ң
ˮ˹ɱˣҶԪ˧ɱˣ
飡Ҷ͵һ֣Ƴȥնˣ
ִӵˣ˿ȴ޷ǰΪ¡赲ǰ
Ҷ棬ˣԲնһĸѡ
˵ǸҽҲնˣ
ߣҪննң
¡Ϊҵľβ㣬еĵڶȨȴε㣡
ԣһһ鶼Ѫ򣬻նҲɣ¡Ц
£Ҷ¡
ң֮ǰĸѹѪȵնʾڣ˾ŷ׷Ԯ¡衣
ˣ̶̼䣬ξͱǧ˾ΧҶһ£ʷ
ҲʱʱҪȻҪĭӿɱˣҶͱɱʮˡ
Ⱥ鼤֮£ڻ¡ˮΧ£ڶ˾ͲûлȭͷΧҶˡ
Ҷģѹ˾˿ɱ˾ɱֵǣɱΪȥֵǱ𣡡
һŭȣشȺдԴɿԵдͷһĹʱŭļ˾ʶ˳ֵֶιҶ档
ǧͬĹ⻪˲ϢͺҶµѲ˾
ҲһɲǣŻָҶӴĻ¡裬һ䣬˫Ŀӥһĵط
⻪ɲǣѪӽأ𣬹⻪УҶΣһ⻪һ£ˮһɢˡ


2333 뿴
ħս󶼶ڣ󶼶ԭı¡Ѳ˾ѲϴǧΧһ𣬹ۿһԲˮĻһ龵
龵ڣȻѪӽڷɧҵ龰
龵ģǱˣʥ洫妡
˿ָ̣龵бһ⻪УξͬˮһɢҶЦһεİţȻǺƺƵıҲǴ
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¡Ѿ˽ĳԼָ´ͷĶҶļ˾¡˵
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ʦֶʩչģѵ֮ڣôֵӣıͻؿˡ
ҡҡͷôܣ
ڰӣѡҷһܰһЩؼõӡ
ÿһӣ۶Ϊ޴ޱȵ֮ǰ̵أ
֮ǰЩ˾ϵ˾ıٴοʵ
Ǻǣ
妹صһЦ֮ǰѪӽ֮Уǹһʱ䣬ЩСֶΣֵһᡣ
ԣıµ˵ͷԭˣʦ
ǣı³޵Уڴ󶼶ԭУȴЩ̶
󶼶ԭҲϼ޻֮һ˼⣬˲ıµ˼
һһ֮䣬ıѾ޳ܵ޵ʾ˴󶼶ԭ
ѵݽѪӽأȻǰֶΡ
ǲıڱѴ󶼶ԭҲҪʱСС޵޵ֶΡ
һŵѲϴǧĿһ
ʥ洫ȴ˿δΪ˴£ϱߵĽԣȻ
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ҲڴʱһѲͻȻ伱Ӷһ߼һ߸ߺˣϿ˾䣬ҶԪ˧˾ΧΣ
У
һǿһߣ˿ƵͻȻ͵ת׼λӹѲԡ
䣡
ǿߣѲκ˵ĻᣬͷŭХѲԡ
룬׶ѡ
׵ľ룬ٷУǵҲûκܵĿܡ
ʸǿܱѲʱͱըƬ
һĻ䣬ĵǿǿʱͳɧ
ոֵĽǿߣһĨȴ˹ģУһöơ
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һɧʱֹͣ
ѪҪģڳ˻֪ġ
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ף
Ȼҵһöδľף
գϾžų̩Ÿ߲㣬Ǹûһö֮¡
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󶼶ҵˮУűɱͽѲϴǧ̾һϧһö컯ƵĿɱľף

妵Ц𣬡ڴҶϷ֮أɹĿԣ΢΢ڴĲãֻעѡ
ȻҲƵľף
뿴ޱŵĺٴھһĨ
ʾĵطȴѪӽڵһ󷨽ڵ㴦ѪӽΪռ䣬ռ۵ʮࡣ
ռ۵ҲѪӽصѨ
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ǵֿռ䶯֮£Ҳˡ
ʱѪӽڴͼ˾ٲһ
⣬ѪӽڵѨҲҵıڣ
ŵĽţˮУһ˾ͻȻǷһǴ󷨽ڵ㣬У߬һöĺڵľף
妵ϣ˿̲Цݡ
Ӱүүʱˣ
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ͽݳ꣬һûбľףǲ֮ɫ
ͨۻԵһֱֻϮɲǣͱһɫ˲Ϣʧ
󶼶ڣյĺ妣һĻ΢΢һôһ˿ԾΡ
ʱתΪĺٴЦ󶼶ǣı£ΪΪӪΪɹ¡
գѪӽرض䣬Բᵢ󶼶Ĵ¡
ŵЦţ޳Ĵ֣ٴھһĨϹ⻪ãתһ󷨽ڵ㴦
Ѫӽڿռ۵󷨵Ҫڵ㣬ߴʮദҪ£Ҷ濰Ƿʤ
󶼶뿴ٴЦ˵


2334 µľ
ħռѪҪڣԭȵϾָӲ˧˿Ѿħʶ̫ӱʱй˧
˧ڣħʶ̫׷աʥ١ӧ֪ħʦλħλģʱΧСΧ
֪ħʦִһˮɡɢ裬⼸ˡ
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ҶⱰӣʱأҷֻҪߵǿضܹѪӽ֮ڡ
˵ţʥֺ޺޵Ҷɱλˣܽնɱʥҹߣ
ʥӣҶ棬ɲǸһնɱˣҶ棬ȾϢ¹䣬ѪӽأһҪϸϸʣӧ˵
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ԣʥͬʱ¶˼֮ɫ
룡
Цţħʶ̫׷վ˲豭

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ߴ󷨣Իһ̶һʱסߡ
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㹻ػ߷ӦԮˡ
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ȻֵǱ߷˲ͽڳҡΪĽ˾ָָ󷽱ҵķ鶸һࡣ
ӴȨ¹شܹˣ˾ҪһŲͽɡ
ҵǵһŲϵģذȨֵ滻Ҫλõļ˾ȥŲ顣
Ǵ˾ķһ鿴һ¡˻һöʽصķ
󷨽ڵڵؼ˾һԥĿһ۲ɧҵķ򣬡ôأôм˾ԸΪͽ
̾Ϣţ󷨽ڵڵؼ˾ʱرط󷨣ֵֻء
ʱһ˾ͻȻ䳶˳ؼ˾䣬ͬʱһ괫ؼ˾
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ơΪֵɣ˵ţһ죬ͽӽ˵һؾ󷨡
ؼ˾͵ؾ֮ǰҶʹȨְͨ䲼Ľκ˷Ǿơ
κμֵƶȣҶһȨͨɵ˵ķöͳͳαɵնɱ
֮ǰΪˣɧңؼ˾ûһ㡣
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ӣȻһö顣
ͬһɲǣ󶼶ڣʥ洫妹Ц󶼶³ӣ


2335 ʧ̬
󶼶³ӣóǿɢŨŨֲϢľ飬ŵЦ
Ϊ󷨽ڵ㴦ػĻԵֵǿǿԭ򣬿ŵӵҪٵ۵ռ󷨽ڵ㣬ǲܵġ
Ƶľףڵǿ߶ֱӺɱ󷨽ڵ㴦ػĻٺʲ
ֻҪ󷨽ڵ㱻ƣǾͿޱȵĽ󷨽ڵˡ
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Ȼռ䶯֮£Ѫӽأɾ
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ŭ֮£妾Ȼʶһ˾еҶģֱӽĳ˷鲻˵ӰֱӺ˵ϣ󶼶ضɽҡһζ

ڣ󶼶ԭı¡ѲϴǧţޱȻĿԭƮȻɣ˿תŭޱȵĺ妣֮ķʵЩ
ƺҲʶԼʧ̬˫ֺʮǸ󶼶ϴѲŲıǸЩʧ̬ˡ
˵ţֳ̾һʵ׵Ļɢľ޴ޱȵʧ
ıĿһʵ妴ʦѣУкڵߣ֮ɣ
󶼶ԭѲϴǧţͬһɻĿ˺妡
ٴγ̾һ󶼶ǲ֪ҪԣΪ֮ϡ
ļϣǿ߸Ŀߣޱȵȹ̣ҲΪˣڡ
˵ͻͣڲԣƺ漰ĳЩؼϢٴ̾һֱӵ֮ĳЩ棬ĵλҪԣһҪ
ɢԣʧ󣡡
˵鶸رޱȣɱȻ磬սҶ滹δǱͽԳ֣նɱⲣΪѪޣ


2336 
ʥ洫̬ҪնɱҶ棬󶼶ԭȴǼˡ
ҶһǺ妣Ѳϴǧţ󶼶ԭɱ֮졣
ǣʱıǾ춯صĴȣҶ˭ɱʱѾҪˡ
妴ʦһǲǴڲѪӽصļƻʧˣ󶼶ԭ
һ£һ࣬󶼶ģҺı£ͷ٣½к֡
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ٴصһĨһĨ龵һγ˴󶼶ԭǰ龵ֳΣȴɷŵǸ󷨽ڵ㴦
󶼶ν֪֪ˣȿҶĶھ֪ͨǸҪӾ£˵
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Ϳ龵УҶָԼŭĿӣɱȻ
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㣬ɱң䣡ޱĿҶ棬ıߣ͸תѪӽеǸС⣬ޱȵĴҶ̫ϳԼܱ˵ĶС
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󶼶˵ôУΪﵽϸλģλѡ
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λȨصĵһضܹ۵ռ󷨵ڵ㣬ڲѪӽء
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Ҳֱʱؼ˾Ӧ˾ϢŸɫ䡣
һĻЦˣ


2337 ʦ
ؼ˾ɲǣֵļ˻ţһȡ˾Ѷ׼
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Ҷ棬ڵһʱ䣬ͽǿɱǿߵʬȡ˳ԼУҶŷ
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Ҷ棬ұɱ꣡
˫Ŀŭµʥ洫妣͵ŭһһƣͻǰ龵
ѪӽڵϢ󶼶ڵգȴǱޱ


2338 صķֶΣ
ѪӽڣҶ̫ϳһۣһɪ֮ɫԶϹĵڶȨͨɡȨİӭȥ
һ֣Ҷʹһ硣
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ͨɸİȴǽһһҾףŻһԵ̫ϳҲû
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2339 Ӻ
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沽߽һŻ⻪ü䣬糾һտĴ
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2342 󡢰Ԫļ
Ժڣʥ洫Ӻ妷µ
ȻڰϸĽ̸֮󣬺ȾǸл糵ԣ顣
ڰ糶ԣά棬ֵ˳飬ֶΪء
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2343 ޼ɵ
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Щ꣬Ҷ֮δõİԪĬλûг׽
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һλ컯ˣĿŵĲ֣ͱⳡսѾˣţĻ֮ˣҪѪӽʧ֮ģ
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׵ǧ֮ڣ˱ܵһ㣬ʱˣһ㣬
Ҷ澫޻Ϊܱݱ֮£ǧ֮⣬ȻԸ̫ܵĹˡ
ûϢҶȫ߶סںˮӳɢҶȫϢ˿Ҳ¿ֱڡ
ͨ˾ǣҪ˵ǧǧ⣬̫ܲ˺
̶̼֮䣬̫֮ȫɽ˾ǧľѶҳһƬ
еµʿȫ˿ǧ⣬ȫ
ҵ
ĻҹҶ侲ޱȵĿʼ´ˮ
ˣǵˣ
ҶĻ䣬ڶȨͨɡȨİʹĵϵˡ
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Ϊǲ֪һУ˭ڸ𣿡
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һɲǣڣ


2344 һ
ס
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˵һͽִ̫ڣѪӽؾҪʧݣ
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̫̫ǱԴ֮ޱȡԭֹŵĻ̫֮ŽȣܹӰһֻǰش׼еȨȣԿһ
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ҵ̫ܺǿϢԿ߲Ĵڣֳ̫ŽȣԿ¡˵
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Ϸ㣡
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󷨹⻪ոֳ̫ͽͷһЦûõģ
һ򷨣̫ǰһ󷨽
ɲǣͽе̫΢΢һһȦһɢǧ֮⡣
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Ҫǣ⵴֮£ܱϰͼ׷׵ɻҽҶһ˼æˡ
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ЦҶȴǷȻžȻЩϤ
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ͣЪǺԪƵͽָ˲Ц̫֮£Ƚϣ죬ǶҪ


2345 Ȩ
̫֮£Ƚϣ죬ǶҪ
ЦУԪƵͽƾ˶ĵطײһʹܾӾӢ׷ɢˡ
˼䣬Ȼ˻Ų·ײͬϣײײˣһ˲ҳһƬ
ּУԤе̫ȴûнǷճޡ
ȴǺԪͽޣڿ̫ɱ£Ȼһ޷ǧףȴٶޣ޷С
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Ҫţ̫ۣ޷ƶԶһ㡣Զһ㡣
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ͨɵ˵ͷһ£ֶָΣͷһ̫𻤳µͽ
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ǣЩͨȴ̫Ļ涼ӽˡ
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ǺԵ̫ɢĿֲޡ
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ͨȴһԲҧ촽ٴλζеȨȣ
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ˣ
ЦһȨһΣԪעɲǣɫӰٴκ̫
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нŲ棡
һɲǣһսڳڶཫĽŵֱͷ


2346 
ӦļǣŵڶȨͨɵȨһ㣬Ȼһܲĳ˺ԪƵͽҲ̫
һλλڴ˿̷׷׽ԼıΪͨ߶˼¡
Զ̹˿̣ЩΪͬ׷׳嵽Լܹ̫ܵĸµ봦Ȼ̫𷢶˹
һƤʼ̵ð֬ʼ˲ڣǺͨȴһ̫
Щɳ֮źԪƵͽŲǰ飬Щ˾ˣһͿʼ̫ȼճɻҡ
ǣǵĹȴ̫
ɱʽĹ
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Ҷ泹׵ıһĻˡ
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ǽ죬Ҷеļʶˡ
һλһλ̫ĿֲлɻҽһλһλļԥĳŴ̫
ɱʽǵУֻЩͽ۷Ĺе䵽̫ϱߡ
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ж׳־裡
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촽࿶ţ˵ʲôŶʲôȴ˵
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Ҷϴ㿴ûûõģ
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ǡܲܽԸ͸ʹãҶɨһսޱȵʵ
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ҲҶ۲սɲǣԭڵڶȨͨߵĻ¡裬ͻȻŵڶȨͨɹһ
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ڶȨͨǽ΢΢ͷɲǣ¡ͻһе̫Žȣһͷ޴ĽӰ¡ɲǣͻĻ⣬̫
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ҡ
ԪҪ˵ͱԪ鰢ȴϵУԪȻ鱦ҶϴΪ࣬ѹ޷ӳԪ
Щ꣬ҶžԪ鰢ӣƽʱޱȱ˿ȴޱȻ»ͷء
죬Ԫش𣡡


2347 թ
Ҷ֮£鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪЩԥӦÿԣֻҪ벻ǹԶԣ˱Ӧòд󰭡
Ԫʵʱ˵ʵʵȴŭԪ鰢
Ԫסڣ
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أԪ鰢ǸԻΣһĳҶ˵Ҷϴ£У
һԪ鰢СͷˣһΣСҲûϢ
Ҷϴ˹ؼʱ̣ѪӽһУƾĿһðԪΪܽ˽٣ôħ֪ԪĴڣС¡
һ߲㣬֪˰ԪĴڣôͻͷ
ϼһ֣йأű𣬱϶
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ҶüͷҲ
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ȻҲҶĵģǣзֹȴҪҶԹۣҶԣѡ
ıԴǿϢ𣿡Ҷʵ
ҵҶүΪԴװĶˮ̫𰡣
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ףҶϴеŹ֣̫ޱȸ͡ޱȣǱԴ̺֮컯˵Ϣ
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²ûѣˮסһʱ
һɲǣһɫǾͻһīˮ⣬ƺƵһ˳ǵ϶˺ԪƵͽ


2348 ƻط
ˮֵɲǣҶһߣ׼ʱļϵСлԪףҲ˳̫ķ϶˺ԪƵͽ
妵̾Ϣȴһɲ𣬡ô˵أǻǲף̫ǵĲࡣ
ľͷ뾫һ
ٱľ֣ҲľľܹնƵģ
̾ϢУԪƵͽǰһ㱡̫Ļͷ·𲻿Խǵһĵסˮ캣ĺƵһסҶϵСлԪס
ҶϵСлԪף˲
ɫǹ⻪֮ʣشܳһӰӰҽţβϵı̫Сţһ˻ء
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Цţͷȴǰúôܣ¹ʮ꣬᲻ú
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ֻǰԪʮԪ챦סǸʮԪ챦飬ҶԪ飬ȻܹӦˡ
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ѪҪ˰һص׿ռڣʥ洫妵۾ص˸Բ
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У
һξԲʧܣ
ŭĿ䣬妵ǸߴߵԪ飬شԺɳĿޱȵɫⶸر
ȼ꣡

߸ߵԪ֮ϣȼ棬Ԫȼ֮£ںط£ͻޱȵԪ֮
һɫķ𣬶ס˺ȼյԪ顣
ƻ
ֱųɲǣطȼԪĺޱȵԪ֮Ȼƾʧ
ͬһɲǣѪӽڣԭԪƵͽϢֻڡ
кԪĽ룬ϢϢ
һɲǣͽϢش˲Ϣ쭵˵ڣ
ԭһ̫һڵͽ£Ȼ˹ֲ
˿̿˵ΪϢͻȻ˵ڣȻ˵̫ܳ
ȴɱҪǣΪ֮£ͽǺ妶̫Ŀʮʮ
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ҲһɲǣһѪӽͷһ޴ľӣʧ
ʧɲǣһСһĻ⣬ƾ


2349 
ԪʹĲҽҶƺʹͬʱ
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪҽɲǣһδеʹĸоҶȫ
ҶֻоеԪǱǧһǰһڣԪֿʼըѸ֡
һʹĸоʹҶоԸˡ
Ѫ֮ʱҶ涼ûжٸо
ˣһɲǾͷ·˴״̬һ㣬һָͷǳѣʶתü
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֮Գ״̬鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪܵشҶˡ
ҶºȻǣǲַ֮ˣʹ
ôԪ׳ܵ˶˺
ԣʶתԻָԪӾҵԻҶ治Ԫ֮ըӵƣͿ˵֮鰢ԪΡ
Ҷĵ֮У鰢ԪûѪΡ
ʵȴҪҡ
УԪţ˾һ©һϢϵĵţģҶ澪Ԫ
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شԪɱ飬άʮԪ챦ת
Ҷ漴ָж
εǣļ֣ðԪش
жǣҲǰԪ˿̵ıѣʮԪ챦תҪǰԪȥҶ֮ǰľٶͳװ׷ˡ
ǿԪڴľʹҶ߶ԪԸڵĽɫԸɽϸ꣬뵽˰ԪڣȶŰԪơ
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ǣԸȴȹԪ顢ָԪƵ鵤ҩɲǣʱͼЧ
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ҲֻδȫԪ˫һסҶĿռϢɢȥʮԪ챦黯һҶڡ
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ˣҶãѾӷصķ֮лָ˹»ָ˶Ŀ
һʱ䣬Ҷ͵üԸ绯һ㣬ԸԪ飬ѸٵȶסԪơ
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ǶӵдԸҶԣָ̼ܹ룬ʱȫָ
ԪȶҶŴĿǰĻ

ͬһɲǣɵصǰ̽׷Ѱ鱦ʮԪ챦λ̫ϣͻȻٴαϤĲˡ
ǣһΣϤĲֻһţովѣϤĲʧˡ
λͳ׵ʧˡ
Ȍ飡
һ߳˲ϢͿ֮ңɵһȌС
¹Ȍ֮أһ߳ùȌɫ䣬֮£̵ʱڣͨŻطʦ̫Ǳ޵ⷽռ䡣
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ǰΪʦ̽룬Ѱһ£䣿Ӱе̫ʵ
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һߣùڵصĹȌ͵شһսæͽܣʦ𷣣
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Ȼ˵̽ǧ֮ڿԸӦõǣ̽ȴޣֻʮĿǰɵģֻһ
ǣɵܱߣҲ
ҿҵΪһɸȥѡҪȻȱȌΪҲ֪ȥѰҡ
һ˼⣬Ȍͷ˶ƣ


ɵ߰ʮﴦһϿա
ҶĿǰλá
֮ǰԪʱԪ̫ͬһ㣬Ǵ̫ŲƣԪв
һ֮ڣԽԽãԪŲʱõĻһ㡣
ѪӽȻԳһ磬ȴںĴ½ڵԳϵĿռ䣬ŲƵĴ½㲻ÿ硣
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ֲĸ£ڳֵ˲Ϣ䣬ͽ󺣿ڣ֮ʣϺ͸˺档
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ͻȻ䣬ҶĿⶸһϿգһ̫Զ¡̫ŽȣƮ
ҶĿ⿴ȥɲǣ̫ŽȣȻһ


2350 
Ҷ濴̫֮ŽȣЩ⣬û뵽̫ŽҲһ˳
ǣĿ⿴ȥ̫ŽȾȻһ£ҶȻ
ͷ˲Ϣɻ
ѵν飿

һɲǣҶ澪ǣһ£̫ŽȾȻٴζˣΡΡҶ˹
£ҶǳԾˡ
ѵ飿
Ϣ֮󣬵һϤʱҶһС
˵жξжΡ
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̫Žһƻ¡Ĳл꣡
ڷҶ֮߶̫ŽȣҶǰ
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ԣҶͷһ˿Ȼ¡ǸҪ㡭
㲻ҪȻ֪⵱еĹذó˱ѾǶδˣܿɹ󡣡
ǣҪ㡭
ûйϵʵ˵ʱպãûλȨ֮ǰ̫ûҵĴѹȻ鱦ҲܹѪӽŲƳ
񣬽̫ŲƳ߳ɣѾ֮ˡֻǣ֪ʣɵ̫𣬴ȨܲܶԸҲ֪ѪӽڣʱΣ¡Ĳл˵
ûҶ߶鱦ʮԪ챦飬ֻһ̫
Ǻ妲ϧѪķ֮£һֱ̫ӳʮԪ챦ڳѪӽڡ
ϵҶ漱æ
ȵȣȱѪӽشʱΣ֪Ҳ棬ʱȻ޶࣬Ǵ˵أȴһޱҪ֮£Ҫȥ졣¡Ĳл꼱
ҶȻ¡ʱ޶˼ܴ࣬дԪ飬ò˶ãͻɢǱһϣ¡ԸڻָԪơȶԪ飬Ч
ԣ¡۾һȴֿϣĹһޱ͵Ŀ⡣
ҶԪ˧ССͣ鱦Ը֣ȻǷô׮½УҲֵˣ
ǣ¡ȸԸȶԪ飡ҶָϣȻֳɫƵԸ
ûõģ֮Ԫ֮ǰȻ̫𳹵׷ٻޡ
ֻ̫ŽڵһƷ񣬵Ҵ棬걾ԴʧƷɢֻ̼䡣
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⣬˵Ϸûѡ񣬴ʱֵֻһˡ
շ̫ӳ֣֮һдŹâʵʮٱ
Ҽǣ̫Žշ̫֮һҪת̫Ž׳飬׳һ
ˣڣԪ̫Ž֮ڣҪ̵ʱڣ̫Žȣ
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ԭһ˵챦ڣͶڽĵһʱ䣬ͻ⵽ķ
ңҪҵ̫ŽȵıԴĴӡҲҪĺʱѰ̽š
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
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Ǳһ㣬ҶԪ̫ŽڣԪӡ
ԪӡµɲǣҶ˫УȻˮ


2351 ײ
˵ʵԴ̤Ĵ½ҶںĴ½ǴܵĹУһֱǺġ
˳ֹǣң˱ţְ˾ڴܣûжٹС
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ҶʱΨһǣҵģʵħսı˾ˡ
ҪǴȥ
ЩɣҶȻҪڹ֮ڴȥҪȻҶֱռǻתôܾѪ顣
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ǽ죬ȴȫһˡ
ЩΪͬšΪͳ˧ļ˾׳о֯һεĴһҶ潥һ
Ҷ沢ûཻ̫ʵĻ¡裬ѳ˵һƲл꣬ȻΪܡΪΪı棡
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߳һһǽӰһ׹⾡ɢҶ־ϣʱͱùޱȡ
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һһ㣬ִڸУӵöõԸУǧѡ
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ҶģԺʱˣҪһѱˣҪȻؼʱ̵ӣǻẦ˵ġ
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Ҳֻ̫ŽڵȹǡطƵ̫Žȣ̫
ҪҶڣǾ͸ɱûʲô
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̫һٹߣ
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ǣⳤϢķУ˿̵ĺ棬Ѿױ̰ɫ
֪жϺﱻϲһЩޱȾ޴ĺʬ壬ͣ½ڵĶв١
̫Ű֮ɴ˿ɼһߣ
ɢҶһ˼⣬ȡһͨѶŲ̡
֮ǰ鱦ʮԪ챦Ƴ̫ʱֻƳ˴룬һС̫ͻʮԪ챦ķѪӽڡ
ʱ㣬µ̫𣬴˿ҲӦɢˡ
ȻҶģһСŲɵ̫Ӧóɲ˴¡
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Ҷ滹Ǽޱȵ֪ѪӽĿǰôˡ
һҶæ߶СͨѶŲϵ㣬֪ѪӽڵΡ
ǣһ߶̣Ҷľʹסˣ鶸رޱȵѿ


2352 ʧ
޷ϵ
Ҷе⸱ֱһϵСͨѶŲ󣬴߶֮һΣȻ޷Ųƹȥ
Ҫ֪ǱߣΪ˱֤ͨѶļʱԣרһʮʱͨѶŲ̣ͨѶĳͨ
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ڣȴ޷ͨѶֻܴһܡ
˷Ѫӽض磡
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СͨѶŲпռ޷ϵ硣
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£Ҷˡ
ΪʲôôΣʱ̣ܵĵ̣ȻûκμԮ
Σ£ģļԮǼѵġ
ǣϡеĿԿƻ̫ĵرֻΪǿĸ֣ʵߴȨĺӦϧһӦûġ
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Уϻȥ
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Ѫӽڣʮ򱱺˾ɣôҶֵܣҶȥ
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ʱһҶ֮ĸŨ
УҶԪͷϿյ鱦ʮԪ챦飬ԭ޵ʮ챦飬ֻʮһˡ
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Ҷ治ڣκһˣһ㡣
δսڲңѪӽʱδݣҲʧݲԶˡ
ûðԪķҶ漱ʵ
Ԫ鰢˷ۣʾԼҲû
Ҷ˵ʲôͻȻ֮䣬һֱ޷ϵǸСͨѶŲͻȻһ򶸵س롣
ͻϢҶһһɲǣһֱҶС
ǣġҶɲǣҶͷȴĪһ
ͻȻϵԼѪӽĿռѾȥ
ռȥֿܡ
һǶԷĿɹѾûҪѴѪӽضˡ
ǶԷȻܴɣѾûбҪѪӽضˡ
ȻеϢһأ
һɲǣҶͷһĪ
һʱ롣
ӭӳҶһ֣ȴҶǰһڣλΣûһͷ·ڵĺˮС
˧ѪӽŻʧأħȻѪӽء
ʹ˻ԴҶǿԼ侲Ҷ˿Ȼ죬ģǾ˽ΣȻѰ˼Բߡ

Ѫӽذ˰ĵص׿ռڣʥ洫妵Ԫ飬˿ڷĴЦš
ˣ
ڳˣ
ҶģͨƥеȻסƴƻط
ǲʹԽ񣡡
ڣҿˣ
ˣܵҪЩԪ鵤ҩۡ
˵ʥ洫妾Цһ߹ЦһһӰ򣬿ʼ¼ԼĿǰΣԱչʾĴۡ
Ӱҫ£ԭƤӨ֬ɵʥ洫妣˿̾ǵһ㡣
ȻݵƤͷһ͹Եͷ·̽ϵһª
ǣ˵ı仯ȴͷԪ֮ϣ


2353 ն
妵Ԫ飬ɫ֮ǰȴ߸£ȡ
ڣ妵ԪѾήҵ˼ˣԭ߸µԪ飬˿ȻήĴ粻
ʮ
妵Ԫ飬̶̵İӲʱڣή˽ʮ
ԪήɲԪΪģǵ䣡
ź妵ԪΪڶ̶̰ӵʱڣ߸£䵽硣
ʮĵ
ǿԪ֮ԪʼһḶ́ԪΪߵͣͨԳߴжϡ
ңԪΪҲвѹûʲôݾߡ
ҶȻɫԪ飬ǿô꣬Ԫ಻һࡣ
⻹ǵÿҶʱռ˼꣬ԪΪĻۡ
妵߸ߵԪ飬˵ķǧĿ๦ġ
Ǵ˿̣妵Ԫȴص䵽Ĵ磬Ϊĳ̶ȣһλǿߵΪֱӱһ
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¾йߵĳ̶ȣҪҲ๦
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·ʲôҵһ㡣
Ӱҫ£妽ԼĲ˸ͬʱüȴмɿԣ֮ǰΪһ顣
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ˮˣΪ̫䵱
ڹؼʱ̣˾Ԫ˧Ҷ棬Ȼó˼οռ鱦̫ͳѪӽء
ؼʱ̣妲ϧֱȼԪ飬ƻעƵĿϣǼοռ鱦ķ
鱦֮ίʵѵȼԪ飬̫ܣǣ̫߳Ǿ鱦ߡ
ҵǣ妳ȼԪ飬ϧһдۿ̫Ѫӽҳɱ
ۣ˾һǧ˰ˣɱ˾ʮˣ֮㡣
ŴѪӽڣħٹ롣
ѪӽʧݣֻڵϦ֮䡣
Ҳ
Ӻߵף
һⶼʵֻǽΪľĺȾһ¡
Ӱڻһĺ妵ЦУͨѶŲʧ
䣬ͳµǰûãֳķӰ֮ǰ
ӰķӰĵ˵ͷţ妣Ҳûйء
ؼʱ̣ܻ£ɿһá
˵ǣʵһΣҲǾҪԥŹһλᣬôǶ̫ʧ֮Ʊػľ˵ỽЩϲġ
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һ£ֵ֮⣬妼Ǵһմ󹦳һʹ͡
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ֵɶ׼
͵սˣӣս֮󣬽Ѫ֮Уնڣͽʢ
һᵽһ磬˷ܵ˫۷⡣
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նڵ巽£ʵ
Ѿܴ£ն֮ʣ̫磬Ҳ̫Ҫܵ˼ڣ֮ʣ֮˽ڵΪջͽ糴
ĵ˵ͷ⣬졢ɽڣͬǷڸԲͬĵ档
ʱնڡͽ֮ʱȻһ壬ԶΪ˼ִߣеͣʹ֮ʧ⣡
Ӧεͣ糵УԱŻָʾҲǳȷҪʧǡ
ˣƻħսʧ֮󣬵չ⣬ǸҶСгֵĿռ鱦
ʲôʱͻȻ䣬ȻޱȵĲ
糵飬һɲǱò˼
Ҫ֪ڣǺĴ½ˣ⴦顣
һͼʵУһѪɫ·һ㣬ڷһĺ
µģ֪־ǲµ̫ӹ
ŭ䣬һֻȻԺռвеĹֱ
Ժػ󷨺;Ѷ쳹ɫѿ
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һɲǣӰرʵһΣǾ޴ӰһҲŭ
ؼ̫ߣн֮ޣң
Ҫû֤ݣ˺죡


2354 
һ˲ϢԶȥĿֲԺⱬĸɫ󷨣µһ²ӡ
컯˵ս
һ֮£ӪԺķֶΣ;
컯֮䣬컯˵Ĺء
ߣǵֻ컯ˣеԴԴڽµⷽء
ңΪԽߣԽߡ
ͨͨ񾳣ߣʵԼޣܹϵΪ绷ı仯Ӱ첻̫
ǣΪһͻƵΪⷽϢһ
ԴϽͱǿ߲ط
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ǺĴ½ⷽط
طĲԽⷽľԽӡ
ǵ컯Ʒףⷽľǣ͸ˡ
ⷽ仯ͿԴӰ쵽Щ컯˵ǿ
ӸϽô԰ĺĴ½սңδǽⷽı仯ӶӰ
ԣ컯֮սǵĹء
ںĴ½ΪĴ½ƻǧٿףǶǶԣҲаٺһ
ԣһӴ͸λӣȥ⡣
⣬컯˵ս
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һ˦һзɳոɧ⻪ԺĸֶַΣ밲
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ҵıݣʹȻĺϣЦݡ
£Ҳ£ϸֹǿһеá
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妿һʹͣһЦ;Եʹеһ룬Ƶ˰ǰ
˴ζ͵ΪȡԣЩʲɾ⡣պ󣬻Ҫ̵
˵ʵʹ֮УʹںںģһƿʮźԪ赤
Ԫ赤ƻָԪơԪΪʥƷ
֮Уֻмλơ
ʥأʮϰܻһԪ赤ֵ죬Ҳֲ妡
ʥ֮УԪ赤ֻȴδù
ļ֪쵱У洫ӣԪ赤ͻһеȹģֵĵ֮λ
˿һӷֳţҲޱȡ
״͵һۺ妣һͽТˡ
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ͬ죬Ϊһ壬պҲӦӦԪ赤ֻܹԪΪѣв
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˵ԳǼǼò佫ҪԪ赤׳ʵԱҪȻԪ赤ҽһȡ
ˣ
ˣӦõģ޵ԣҴ˿̾㲻Ҳڰ꣬ίʵҪԪ赤ЩӦȫϡ
һһϺ꣬˵ĻԲת⣬ʾƳԷ妷뿪ʱȻǱ
뿪ûãµ糣һ𣬾ʮλʦҴҸ
ûãһһʹӰǩ˳ȥ

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ңָӣȻС
Ѫӽش˿Ҫȶģĵֿ
ҶЩڣ֮ǰŲ̫ʱӦѪӽһӰҪȻ˿ҲЩô
˿̣Ҷޱȵĸӡ
ѪӽŻʧأħȻռſڣʼԴԴϵɱѪӽ֮ڡ
ս½е̶ȣҶ۹жϣѪӽʧѳɶ֡
Ѫӽڵĵ֣֮ǰ̫˽ʮλˣտأأԮʿĻɢ
ħ壬Ѫӽ֮Ԯֻʿ硣
ǣȻҶжϳѪӽʧѳɶ֣ǣҶ滹޷ӡ
Ѫӽʧݣ
ӱ˾
ЩԿ׳жս
Щһֵܶ¾ʹ䣿
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ѪӽʧǻһģҶҲҪƴһ
ΣҶһҪϻȥ
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䣬Ҷ͸Լ滮һ·
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ν룬ϵ˵
Ҷոն¹滮뿪
ͻأģԭѾƽϢĺ棬ͻȻٴη


2355 Դ
׼ȷ˵Ǻٴηڡ
·췭ظһ㣬˷Ҷϯ
ˮγɵĴĻУˮˮ壬֡
ĸÿһλˮעĿģȴһλֳһֻɵĳꪣͷǣˮۼĵ塣
ΣԣӦǴ˵ص
󵨿ͽȻ֮ɱˮ飬ͷĹԴԴʱ˫Ŀֱ˶ɣ
ͻȻҵȸУϺзΪͻȻߵˮ¶űߡ
֮£Դŷ֣ԶĴ󺣣Ȼˡ
е¶ȼ侪ˣǺĵ¶֮ߣҽӽ
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ŭǣ֮·һй
˴йפڵĴˮ壬µս֮¡
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Ȼǰйء
ͣԩˮ壬ȴͣŭķһʣԴԴ͵һֵϣܣ
˴ⲣйͷ֮ޣҵҪ˭죬ô˵ֶΡ
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ǣˣ󺣵̫𣬲ҡҶͣͻȻЩᡣ
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б£ɱԴһ
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ԣ˿̶н͡
ǣԴȴǾƲԷơ
ҵģ
һҶĺˮڣ궸ظ֣ͷХ
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嵱УˮǵȽɭϵġ
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2356 Ϲӡ
ٴΧĹԴˮ壬ҶɫѾÿԵγˮˡ
䣬ЩӹˣҪѰ·
һ߳Ʒ鱦׹޶طɳһСлԪʱҶĿ£ֻɳɰǧߣ˷ˮ
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һɲǣոηĹԴˮˮ壬֮£ǷӿϣһеĹҶ档
Ҷüͷһ塣
ʱʱ䣬νޱȱ
ϵѪӽأ˵ܹ¼λʿȳλ˾ɡ
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ңԴģǽҶ浱﹦ˡ
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һ׹˸ط򣬾ͿʼҶԪ˸ϵ鹬ڣϵط޵˲عλϵ鹬¡¡Уʼչ
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ͬһɲǣһϵطޱȵĳҶͷƷ鱦׹ڴѾõĳϣһ飡


2357 ̫
Ʒ鱦׹ǵĪһ飬ơ׷ӡͷ·բ֮ˮһӿҶϵ֮С
ϣҶ֪ġ
鱦֮Ǻ鱦Ϊ飬Ϊ䱾Դ֮ڣӵĳϵĴǷ֮
Ҷļ鱦У總Ƕ飬Сľ룬ɽ
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Ҷ濿ԼĲ۳һϵ취ѧⱾϵͨطСٿȫڵĴһ
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֪ʶһǡ
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蹩ԴҲʧ


2358 仯
蹩
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Ϊλ蹩͵һλս½еλ֮һ
ǾһԵĿ־壬ס˹Դ
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˵ǰ벽ǵǿߣҲ˾˵սɣ
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Ϣ֮󣬹ԴĲҽȻʧ
ͬһɲǣӦˮ仯Ҷ棬ж¶ϲ֮ɫ


2359 õϢ
Ҷĺˮ꣬Ȼʼȵ׳
Ϣʱ䣬ѾҶشĹԴˡ
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׳Ҳޡ
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ҶϳŲȡɲǣҶ飬ͱùŹޱȣ


2360 ֮
ӻԪùõӣɵܱ߰ֻɵܱߺ︽ģԿɴ͡
ɵܱ֮߰ڣƽ֮ˣΪõӣѲжУ۱ֲͬн
˿֮ΪԼڵң챦ֻϢޓ졣
õӣһ֮ڽɵܱ߰ﺣ֮ߣʱͨԪãɵ΢
ܽɵһᣬԭأɼһС
ִҪ뿪ߣڵӿ֪ԪãܣǴһ
з챦ߣɵɫһס
ߣڻԪ˸ϵߣɫһףԪ𣬸ԽӼʾ
÷ڣ֣Ҷ濴ЩĪ
˵ʵҶÿݣͣûκ
ңҶ˿Ҳûκʱ䣬ȥ͡
ǣϸĶһ͵ݣҶͷͻȻһֵֹֹĸо
ƺԸеϡ
Ҷ棬ڰڽɵԲﺣġ
ȻҶҲ챦
̫ŽȻ̫𣬶챦ɡ
ΨһĲ𣬾Ϊ
벽Ӧÿ԰ڵΧ֮ڰɣ
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ƺҶ֮ǰĶ̫Ϣ𸽽ԴƺɵĳλעҲ°ɡ
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ҪͼıҶʲô
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Сèͨһʮԭǲܱصġ
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ȻҲҶ鷳
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һ˼⣬ҶͲȡ˸ӱصĲԡ
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ҲҶոջתռɲǣҶ͵һţԼǸ
ʱռãСèķٸ·ֱˡ
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˵Ҫ쵽ʮʱ䣬Ԫָܻ
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ѯһ°Ԫ״ȷԪĿǰŲơ
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һɵԪ÷ڼ
Ӵɵӣп乩ɵԲ֮ڿ
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еıõ޷ܵģлԪøܡ
ǣһ֮ȴûκջ
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»ȥʱ˻ԪȌע⣡


2361 ƶ
Ǭڣʼ¡߾ᱦȴһأźһԵڼܹ㳯С
Ѳ˾˾Ԥ׼࣬馣мӾߡ˳ƴʯ޲Լڶڵ^ջķʮλ;سǬڡ
ȴûĿǰҪԭķ
ϣǬ΢ţȻǬڣֽһޱȵ顣
һݷݼӼسϴţÿλس꣬鶼֡
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һħսʧأܵĹᶯҡ
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2362 ׼Ķ
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ڵ컯ˣÿԹĲս
Ҵʥϱ㣬οͬʱķʥ
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ǬȴƵƵͷ޲սԲֻ֣֣ѫһʤһΰܼз޿ɷ֮ݣй֮ӣɼһ˵۶ء
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FȴǴЩ깥ǰկͽƽսǶɳɳսħսսаܼ
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ңܵĿԽͽֿͽıԽߡ
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ңħ֮սֻǵһûԭᣬҴܣõսңջԸǵĸĿ꣡
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2363 Ҳ
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鱦ʮԪ챦Ų£ҶϢĻתѪӾǧһص׿ռ䡣
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һ㣬ҶҪԹ۲ȷҶתѪӽ֮󣬲׼ȷľ
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һأȻѾ͵Ѿ͵ĴŲ֮ǰʼתˡ
֣ҶһֻĸоһԵķŭ
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ѪӽڣܶħѪƴѪӾǣԮ׼ˡ
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2364 ཨ
飬컯ˣֻѺʱ䣬۾֮طƶɣܾˡ
ܣȻԶԶȲ̫𣬵ֱӺɱǿߣȴûκ⡣
ǿߣͲһܹ׺ɱˡ
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ģϡ֮ǰӼڵĴ֮һ
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˸ոճС̹һչʮ÷Ԫ룬һ㣬λڴʦûзӦ֮ǰǰ
λԸԴʦ³һžĺʵҲд棬ܵ
Ϣһ̫׺£ԿǺ֮࣬ҲֱӽλڵĴʦˡ
ӦСֱӽλڴʦԪ飬ռ䡣
ʮ÷ԪһСͷͨ
ҶעŻŰƣ߶׹ޣ̫ףʱ׼š
Ȼǿ󣬵ǣΪӣ϶кܶ໤ԭıλĴʦӡ
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ôܻвٵı
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׻ĳɽصľ֮Ӽ䲻֮ʱԪ˧ӿ̱ڵء
ųױɷŲƴڲͣĳ顣
Ųƴ󣬿ȫ뿪ħսǰߵı֤˿̾Ȼˣ
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ѪӾͻױâפشըһʱ䣬ķѶ£˰ոոߡڰ˴ȨͼųٲС
ⶼǺǸԵºĸϵķѶ
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˧ڴʱؾи飬ǿ󱣻Ϊɣûâǻ
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ݣ۾һͬʱν侪ˡ
ᵽġ䡯֣뵽ʲô
ңı󣬸ż˵Ϣ
ոշѪӽ䲻Ҷ֪ˣһ󵨵Ľ飿
ǡ
ѾԼԼ뵽âŵľ䣬ܸ˭йˡ
¶Ϳˡ
ö꣬ڴϺҶɱ
һ˼⣬ͱüޱȣ˰ŭԵĻ
Ҷһݡ
ȻҪ㣬Ҫݵģģԭͷö˵

ҲʮϢĹҶѾִħռѪҪ
ҲҶСèԼ͵ѪҪǧĵطȻԸʩչСĶݹ
ҪȻ룬˲Ϣ
ʱ䣬ҶѾϵѪҪѪӽڣŲѪӽصħ徫Ҷͷһʱж
ͬһɲǣڽϵ鹬һҶǣٴθϲɫ


2365 
ҶǵϲɫСġ
Ҷµڵʦһ޻ͨһȴˮϵͨ
ǣһˣڽϵͨǲСɵ˲ٽϵط
Щϵط򣬴˿Ȼ׷Ҷϵ鹬֮ڡ
ţҶͻȻָһ
˿̣Ҷ鹬֮Уֻϵ鹬δɵˡ
Ҷ泹ͻƵʱѾԶˡ
Ҷܲϲ
˿̣ҶȴûвµõĽϵطʱ䡣
䣬Ѿһ΢ɹĸһλͨѪӽڵţħϡ
˿̣Ѫӽڼħ塣
Щսħ壬һ޼ɵͷԼϢչʾԼĵȴɱѪӽ
˵ϢޱȵޣǵҲ޷˿̿ɢϢ˿̵ħҲ޷
Ϣ֮΢ϢıţħѪӽء
˿̣ѪӽأѪ죬ħ̱ǵѪ̼£һӵĿȡ
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ǰͷܶħҶա
˵ʵĿǰ£ҶתѷӪҲǻ췦
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һڰİ£ҶڻҵľУûһλΪڵţħ
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һǰţħĿһͻȻߵͬ壬ûжԣֻŭžǰ
ҶҲžжȴǸӵܿģҶҵħʶ̫׷յĴλã˳ƵĿ˹ȥ
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ܹѪӽأ˳ɹƴħսߵһһݼҫ۵Ĺ
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ŭУֲ⣬ٴδݳкһƱлˣڳͽ
ûţħǰҶ棬͵ػһ٣ǧһ֮䣬澳ռǰ̫ŽֻһΣ͵棬ռ
ȥˣԳĿҶὫλ˵ĵռ˺󷽡
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ҶѪӽغɱΪ֮һ١
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Ǳ˾ϲоֻǱսһŵʿ䣬Ҷԭף˲Ϣӿ˿ϲһϣ
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Ǳ˾Ҷ棬һäĿκͳݣ
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Ҷ棬Ȼˣôģ̫׷Щء
෴ģʥһЦãʥӵȥȡͷԱѪ𣡡
һ֮ͷ㣬ҶԪ飬鱾ӧ˵
ûô˼ʥӾʹЦɽ
Աϣǳǰߡ


2366 
Ҷ棬Ϊж뱾ʥһս񣡡˻δʥӵս쳹Ѫӽء
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˿Ҷոع飬ôһȫʿ֮ʣҶܾʥӵĹȻսҶγɾ޴Ĵ
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־֮£ܾҪģһܹ߳Ӣۡ
ʱ˿̣Ҷ֮ǰǹؼʱ̵Ļع飬ܽʿܵĽҶ浱Ǹܹ߳Ӣۡ
ԣʥӲŹȻս
ΪһսҶ޷ܾ
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ʥӵЩƣҶʱȻЦ
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кβңʥⲻ𣿡ʥӴЦţӧһǰһ󣬼Ӷ
ԽԽʥӣҶǣһ˿Ī
Сְɣ
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һһ֮ǰӼ˧ʵٸһźںɢſֲϢľ飬͵ͻƵر
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׼ݡ
ǻݳɲǣͱСˡ
ڼ˵ʥٿһĻĿѣ
ѾӳĻݳ㣬ҶĻڣⲻܡ
Ҫǣ֮ǰҶ²ļˣһģȫҶɱˡ
һݳ㱻Ҷܣǻ񽫱ɡ
£
ŭһʥǰɲǣɫйⲨһ㵴˷
ɫйⲨٶȼ죬˲Ϣ䵴ݳתСǰ
ʱСǰĿƾȼ档
ҲһɲǱޱȵճСٶȳɱɱļ١
˻ᣬʥپͷ׷СۿžҪ׷Сˣһը죬һһĳףֱըʥɫвټ٣赲סʥӵǰ
ʥŭͨҲ޷Ӱ쵽ҶĳףҲֻĿСݳ͵ҶУתʧ


2367 Ȩ
ħս󶼶ڣһǰյİ˿̵ƻͨɫεĲıȥҴҡ
󶼶ϿգѶݺᣬһɷæ
󶼶ڵ´ԲıΪ׵ĳ߼ıɵһһߵ
ȨְȽײͬһһϳʵ޸ı䣬ܵ󶼶ԭ
󶼶ԭ˿ֻ̣ٶȣЩ͵һ飬Ȼӡרӡרŵͳȥ
żбȽҪľŻ࿴ϼۡ
ıôĴƣҹʼȫִУô󶼶ԭһ־Υķæ֮С
ýķæУ󶼶ԭȴᵽһĪȨС
͵Ҳǩ൱һ־ȴҪ࣬͵Ҫž걨
νɷ򲻿һȨڴ󶼶ԭɷ򲻽һȨ
ҪΪȨס
νΪɷ򣬵ף
Щ꣬һֱΪĿŬ
죬ڳ̤·̣
Ȼǰ·мգ̵̤ĵһ죬ô󶼶ԭһĪ˷ܡ
оԼصʱһɡ
ò׵һ϶󶼶ԭͿѪӾǵķ򣬡ˣʦʱ䣬Ҷ񣬻ˣӦÿҪ˰ɣ
ûִд֮ǰֻһı
ǿʼִдƵĵһʱ䣬󶼶ԭͽ°Ϊ˾ʦ
ǵļƻ֮УѪӾǳصˣǼҪһ
𼱣ӵ´ѪӾǵκ⣬ǣҪ뽫޲֮ƽžųҲصһֽšʦ˵
Ҳǡ
󶼶ԭ˵ͷǸӴѶ޲֮磬ҪʱԲȡ
ңҪĴ⻸УǼҪһӣԲܳκ⡣󶼶ԭ˵
ǣȥ
ͻأģһâʳ֣ҿʼ󶼶
Ѳ˷ĵʱͽ
õģһλڵʦ⣬üͷһ壬⣬طн⻤ԪĹ⻪ֻ⿴⻤ԪȴǺ£ѵҪ䣿
һ󶼶ԭЩʦǣȴĪһ䡣
䣬⻤ԪӦûŲлԪ飬ǰֵԺֻݵ㣬ħս󶼶
Ҫǣ󶼶ⷽرҪӼµĽ⻤Ԫ
£󶼶ڱ½⻤ԪҪģˣӼڡ
ġ
ʦԼλڴʦôҲڡ
һɲǣʦµʹסˣԭ緢Ĵ󶼶ԭص˸Բ
ô
ӵ£
ʦµһɲǱÿɬޱȡ
ɬģӼ䣬Ԫӻһ£ӼԪӻ֮һϵб仯
Щ仯ǵĴƣ൱
ǻ޲֮磬еߴȨͼųڰ˴Ȩٲ
⼸ؼǽļƻŷǳҪá
ǣӼ̣ʹѪӾǣ϶˴䡣
Ǿ飡
Īģһž飬Ȼر⣬ǸոӳͱǿĽֱӺɱ
Ҫ⻤ԪȻɢˣ
ӻش󶼶Ӽ־ŭ
˿̺޲ýǸɱˣץһˡ
߶ԣԪӳ죬ѾʮĴˣǵǿߣһߺʵѣֻպҪͻ컯ӼЩ
䣬ܹͻ컯ˣëǣͻƵ컯
ͻˣǲ
ԣڵǿ߶ԣʧʵǲǿԽܡ
ǶΪӵļȴȫһ
Ѫ
Ҫ̳дλӰ
ʧȥԪڣҵʵǣȴѾʧȥ˴ĻѪ
һɲǣԭֻԴıһ£ֱһѣεĸо
ӼĵճӣҲصĶӣѾڶĽӰˡ
ҪȻҲâš
ȴû
ڼ俴ѪĻԣֱĴ
˭˭Ҷ
ԭȥȥҺ妣飬ž
ԭ꣬ʦ²Сڣ̣Ҫ֣֮ǸѪӾǵ״
ѪӾǵǼλԴĴҵҪ¿°빦
ʦһ£󶼶ԭͷʱһݣƻһöģԣѪӾǵǼλжҪˡ
֪ѪӾĿǰΣԭʵ
ӼԪ飬ãȻҡҡͷ̣Ԫֻӻأίʵ
ټѪӾǻӿԭȵ
֮󣬾ϢشԪ˧ѪӾâפŲƴ󱻳״ݻ٣Ŀǰո£ơ
ǺãӿıƻʱŻǰ߳룬ǹЮλȨԼ硣
شԪ˧ƽžų磬ڽǿѪӾǲâšΣ
ΣӿԱ£ֱǿе֮£ֱߵϵӿСͨѶŲ󴦣ֱӸı
ǣϵӿĲıȴ͵رý˿ǻشԪ˧Ѿʧȥϵ
ʲô


2368 ƾ
ħս󶼶ڣþ˸ϵâŸ죬ûκλӦ
⽫󶼶ԭĻһˤ˺üӡ
ʱ˿̣ŭ棡ȻѪӾǱб䣬ǾӦӦ䣡ʦٴοڡ
˼󶼶ԭŭЪ
¸վ٣Ӽ̣ѪӾǾ䣬ô󶼶ԭһֳʦĸо
ʦ˶˵ǻһҪ
˵䣬ʥ洫ĺҵķЩǵĵִ
˵ĺ妣Ҳһơ
һӼ̣ѪӾǾ䣬һо֣۾ʱ͵˸Բ
Ҷ棡
Ҷ
飬ҲǼ٣Ҳ֮ǰͼڲԺѪӽʱȴҶ˽ɻţʱҲۿˣ˵
ôһѣԭ۾ʱ˸ԲӼԪǷŭ
Ҷ棬ȻҶӺңҪ壬ҪãܣӼЪ˹ޱȵԹ
ԭĶʥ洫妣˫Ŀֱ𣬡ʦԭҶ棬ǾûдɱҶġ
ӵо飬Ȼǣȴǵβ
Դ£ֻһҪҪ̵ʱնɱҽҶԪҶйߣ
˵ʵ´ĳ̶ֳϽӼʧȥ֮󣬼ֵȻ󽵵ͣԭŸӱɼԼ۰
ɼҶһ֣Ĵ˺
΢΢һҶӦһĿռ鱦
Ȼ̵ʱڣնɱⲣȡǼռ鱦
֮ǰ䲻ʱֳѪӽڣ֣ʱѪӽء
ԣԴֻҪһлᣬ־ͻ֣ʱػὫԪأӴã妳Ͽ˵
Ǳ͵ţ
ԭ˿һɱ⣡

ѪӾڣݵĻ֮󣬳˻Ԫ˧ӿλĸܲϣ⧲֮£ƽžųơ
˰Ҵâżλ߼죬ʾԸʱࡣ
ϾлĵߴȨͼųڰ˴ȨٲΪ米顣
һŲƴѻ٣ʱҪؽһѹܣѪӽʧڼħսʧҲڼӳΨһϣ
󶼶ԭıĴ£˵²ʿâеĸ߼죬֪
ģֻӼԪ˧ӿԼĸ졣
âŸʿ뷨УǴ˿̣ǴܵʿֻҪǵˣǴܽ죬û⡣
οлѪ飬ֻѡš
ȶһʼٰࡣ
ҪâŸʿһ̶ϵر࣬ȻӰս
սϣҪнֹ
Ϊǲ⣬ǽһޱȼѵػתս֮·
ҲҶĽ飬ڵһʱ˾˵˻λȨ
ҪȻֻոյԴ󶼶ԭԪ˧ӿҪһᣬ굹ùģ
ֻǣ֪Ҷһôˣ
ʶĿѪҪķ

Ѫӽڡ
ۿŻݳ㱻Ҷܣʥٵ޷Ӫȵ£ҲǼˡ
֮ǰɵˣҲкЩΪǿߣƴĻԪӳ졣
ǣҶļ˾ǣɲɵӡ
׷ϵͨطһԵĺЩոӳ˵Ԫˡ
Щոӳ˵Ԫ飬ûзӦͱɡ
˻ݳ֮⣬ʮһˣȫû
λħĵλһˣҲûһž֮£
һĻʥ۽ֱըѣ۵ֱѪ
Ҷģʥ֮췢ģؽң
ԣҶȴЦôʮˣܲˣ
ҴΪսѾսϰѪжô㣿
һ
Ǵ֮Ѫͼܱȵ壡
Ѫͼ壬Ϊʲôı壬鹷壬壬ﻹҪ壿Ҷһļڽ
ʥٴδŭסڣ㾹Ȼ顭˵ʥӵͻһᣬ˿̣ȻҲҶĻסˣߵġ塯֣ȻЩ˵
ߣһȺ֮ҶʥӺݺݵĴһڣǵģƾʲôǵҴܶɵͲ
ɱߣ˺ɱ֮
˰ħ¾Ҵܶɣгһգ֮Ҷ˿̣˵ʥɫ䡣
壿
ʥһֱ࣬쿪Ҳգ죬ʥӾͻһ棬ͽΧ
Ҳ⼸Ϣ䣬ʮλ̫һĵᵽʥӵı
գΧߴⲣΪȥˣѪޣŭ䣬ʥһ֣һڵˣϧһдۣնɱҶ档
ɾŭɲǣҶȴЦһޱɨһʥӣƾǣ
ΪһССİ벽ʲôʥŭ
ƾ
ҶָһΣһĵӳ֣ʱʥӵɫ䣬һ͵һͣ


2369 Ѫ
飡
ҶָϣȻֳһɢſֲϢľ顣
ʥӺһˣ׷׼ͣ
ʥӵɫرޱȵѿ
ž飬ĿǰԣǴɱ
Ȼƾž飬ɱɱ˻ݳһ
ǣһž飬ȴԴնɱĻᡣ
Ҫǣ˺֮⣬ˣž֮£⡣
ոձҶһžٶʮһλˣѾʥʹֱϢ
һ˿ڣĿǰδ
֮У飬Ҳǧ֮
ÿһ̫һľ޴ʧ
ԣ´˿޲ýҶңȴҲðǰ
һͬͣģлӧ
ǿž£λ˵
ʵ̫һһһҲͬ⡣
˵ԻӧҲвӧоӢȥ
ֹͬģħ
ʲôĴڣ᱾ܵܺ
в£ٵɫֹǰ
ôѪӽʧһֱڸǿսĴʿ֣˴Ϣ֮
үǵģͳҶ˻еľ飬ʥٹ˹ָһıġ
ɫ࣬ȴ޿κΡ
һɲǣʿĻ쳹
˧䣡
˧䣡
˧䣡
󷽣ħʶ̫׷յɫڴ˿̱ޱȵѿ
ҶֱĿǡ
ԭ˿̳׹սѪӽأѾ˳µ飬Ҷһ˱
̫ӵǣҶҲı䲻Ѫӽһоǹ¾ʵɱһһ
һž飬ܺɱˣ֪ħʦһţҶҲӻһǳ׹ռѪӽʱѡ
ڣ
֪ħʦһļᶨֱҶ̫ࡣ
ҪӵвپĻ˿ɱҾӪóˣвʥӡ
Ҳǣ
ħʶ̫׷һЦսв˵ģ
ԽͽܶȣǵǿߣԷԷǿž飬ɴ
ħԣÿһ䣬ҲǼ䡣
ܾ࣬Ҳ޷ܡ
һڵĵ䣬ȴǿԳܵġ
ûãһ֧֧ħڷɢħĴ죬ٴΧ
ҶȻףһܹ׷Բľ飬ǲħġ
ϧʥһ˵棬ôʿ䴭ѡ
Ҷĳ֣εϾžųڡ˾㡢졢սһźڣǰ㱨Ŀǰ
ʵͳ˧á
ϣ
ϸͳá
ʱĲҶеҪõĶࡣ
Ϊ֮ǰսҪڵͽ֮Уʿ
֮ǰѪӽصĴһʮʱʱڣսһ˶ѡ
ɱħҶϾ´ڲ࣬У鱬ħϣѹħ塣
˾̵ʱڣһ󷢻ѹķ¡

һ´ٴĲ֮ǰˡ
ټϾ壬ħǰٶȱࡣ
ͨʿ俴Ǻ¡
Ҷͷȴޱȵı
ѪӽڵĴʿ˵ģҲʮ
ʱÿһ㣬ͻսһ֡
գѪӽڵĴʿԽԽ١
ĻҲֻѪӽصʧʱӺѡ
ǣѲҶҪһִЩı˾ɡսһŵֵǡϾŵǣһһս
ǾԲҶԸ⿴ġ
ܿģ侫ͨ󷨵̫ϳȴҶһľϲ
Ѫӽʧؿʼ̫ϳں󷽲һΪɱֵħܴȡʱ䡣
һ֮޾ƽ𣬴ܴʧͬʱħȴͬͷӬһ㣬ҽϡ
УҶµĴڻõĶݵĴϢ֮
Ҷ̫ϳʱ̫ϳݿήвѪ˿
̫ϣ֪ܹ赲ħãҶһʱʵ
ֻ̲ã޾ͨתļ䣬ܹ࣬ħһʱ̫ϳ˵
ֻһʱ𣿡ҶǣЩɬ
ǣֻһʱħڣиˣ˵ֻܳŰʱҲ˵׼
˵仰̫ϳͻһҶϻ˵ٸ
ʲô
ҶЩȻ̫ϣҴʱ߲ãұóⱦʱ䣬԰ŷ£ԲҶ˵
𣿡
̫ϳĶҶһۣסѪӽزʧ𣿡
ҶȻ⣬ӿĿɬ޷ʵĿɬ
ȻûãǾͲҪ˷ʱˡ˿̣бʱҪ齻
ңҲͨɵ̫ϳ˵
Ҫ飿
ǣҲ֮ǰԵģصѪشĵڵʲôߴʲôѾоüĿˡ

ͺһ̫ϳͼǰҶҲֻܸϡ


2370 ħʼ
̫ϳҶ棬գִ֮ǰҶȷصѪǰһޱȵѪɫĻǰ
ͬǣʱޱȵѪɫĻǰ˸ָ·
Щ··ѪɫĻϿĿһϵкһѪɫˮɢ˷
ʱڶȨͨҲվ
ֻڶȨͨͦıֱı˿̿ȥȴ͡
Ҷ棬֪Ϸ֪ʱжô𣿡ڶȨͨɻתЦݵϣûһ˿һѪɫ
ôȨˡҶ΢΢

ڶȨͨЩѾĴһȻ֮ǰ˼أҪ֪ǻһˣҪ֮ǰܹ뿪ѪӽأϷ˻ء
ҪǻѳɷĹѪӽأϷԻ޲ðȸඡ
㲻һ
Ҳһ
ĹһѪӽءҶɻ֮ʣ׽ڶȨͨ仰
ʱѪӽأȷڶȨԡĹһ
ΪΨһܽصѪ󱬷ĺ͵СĹؼڶȨͨ˫۷Ź⣬ĶҶ档
شϢһħһԸΪѪ죬Ҳǣ
֮ǰܹ֮ɴ̽Ѫ鱨ΪɣڶȨҶʵ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ͷ£ܻʼ¡ԽĳЩ飬û뵽ڶ֪ˡ
ҪκˣΪڣֹǸһ︴ΨһϣڶȨ˵
Ǹһ
˭Ҫ
ѵ˵صѪãǸĳˣ
Ҷǣ̾ƾڶȨͨɵȼ仰ƶϳĳЩؼϢ
ڶȨͨصĵһͷҶ棬ƶûصѪãǸ
ǸĳˣǸĳλǿֲϹħ񡣡
ħ񣿡
Ҷİյؼ֣ȨϹħϹħʲôϵʲô𣿡
ڶȨͨûнֻͣǵݸҶһҶһɨ˲Ϣ䣬ʲôˡ
ϹħϹħʵָĻڸܶŵħ塣
ǣϹħָʮǰ⽵ںĴ½һħ塣
Ϲħǣ϶ЩϹħѪúᡣ
˵Ϲħ񣬾ǲ֪ںηֱӽٵϹħ
ϹħǳںĴ½ֻǺĴ½ܱߴСħǡ
ͨ£ϹħսЩϹħ
꣬ʥǣӲЩϹħ񣬵սЩϹħʱȴֻᱻɻնɱ
ͨҪλʥܵеסһλϹħ
ЩϹħֱ֮ΪϹħ
ЩϹħ֮жĴڣҪʥܶԸ
ôλħÿһλλʥĴۣŽնɱ
λΪϹħħڣȴֽǳΪħʼ档
صѪ·͵ظ֮زǰʮϺʹħĽɻס
صѪ󷨣пһϵռħĹϴ
غо˺ܾãΪصѪĸ󷨣ģпĳλħʼ档
Ҳֻиһλħʼ棬ҪĿֲۣܸɹ
Ҳֻиһλħʼ棬ֵܵħⳤʮı׼
Ҳֻиһλħʼ棬ļֵúޱشս塣
ħļƻ
ԣħ帴ǵħʼ棬սֱ׷ʥѾꡣ
ҲǵЩħĹУʥ࣬ŵʥҲ컯һȱ٣˼ơ
ҪȻЩʥķ񣬸ʮӣҲǵ컯˲ս֧ĳλѴܡ
Ҳڡ
渴ħʼ棬ôѾʧȥ˶ʥʲôԿ
ȻûжԿֻ취ֹħ帴λħʼħ
ǣĸ˼£ר޸ĻĵҲ޷˳Ǳ뵽
ʮλ
ӵĵڶȨͨɣָѪɫĻϵһŻ˵⼸ȥҪƻǸħʼĵѾʮλˡ
ÿһλҪҪȥ޻أҪͷط̽ãȻԼ
Ȩ˼ǣпܣҶָԼ˵
ûпܵǸˣ
ǣôֹ֮ǰӴѪҶ棬˿̣ͷȻ͸һ뷨
һǰ޴ĻڶȨ̲ͨסҿ˼ˣħսʮ֮ãпⷨ
ⴢָоſŻħ飬ҵѪڵħʼʬ֮󣬽һһãȻطͿԡ
ҿԣҶ˵ͷ
һڶȨ̫ϳɵôϲ˵ʲôҶȴֿˡ
ǣҽȥˣı˾Ҵܶɣļ˾ǣô죿
ô죿ȻһĹڶȨͨɴ˿һľȻ
ȨһƣɱУɻҶͻؿڡ


2371 ɱл˵
ɵصشڡ
ԪȌ飬ʦķӰҲԪ̫ϷӰǰǻ̿֡
ȌĻر̫ϵķӰϣϲŭǴϵļٷ̶λԪõ̫ϣ˿̵ܲá
ûҵ
ɳӣ̵ʱڣɵܱһٶʮһ˶ʮλĵߣǣȴûһ̽仯
Ԫ̫ƽУޱȵŭ
û֪鱦ʮԪ챦ش壡
ʵ̫Ҫˡ
ǰΣǶԷȥҴңˡ
һΣȻִˡ

ŭ߳һеĻԪ̫ϵķӰ͵վָȌ˵ִƻԪô꣬ô¶첻ãѲɣǴΪʦ𣿡
Ӹ
ʦˡʦϢŭ
ԪùȌæĿͷҲڴʱޱȵѹ˷ӿȻΪߴ۷ĻԪȌ飬һ޷ĸо
ƺָͷ޷ˡ
Ȍ󾪡
ҲôһɲǼ䣬Ԫ̫ƺʶʧ̬һգֽѹָͷ޷һµĸоʱʹӹȌȫʧ
ʦһҵĵǿߣȻûκһ̽о
ʦ𽻴ʱ̣ɵߣһǿޱȵ֮ˣȴûҵȌ˵
֮ˣ
ʦѯʣȌæĽ֪һȫ˵˳ȥ
㱨Ԫ̫ʱ;Ⱪǡ
飡
뾡취Ϊʦ֮ˣ˭ΪʦԤУ֮ˣпܣΪʦҪҵˡԪ̫˵
ǣʦģ֮˲ĹԴˮߴＸʮϰټõ鱨磬һҳ˵ġȌ鱣֤
Ǿͺã
סҪǲ鵽ˣȲҪжһҪΪʦж
Ԫ̫֮Ϊй֮˵ϸ㱨֮ͷѾƶ֮ˣܿҪҵӵ鱦ʮԪ챦֮ˡ
̫컯еǿڣõ
һ컯ǲ׼չʾԼ
֮컯ˣԴһȥǲڣ
ˣ˽ԴඣǹԴҶһƨºĺͥǿߡ
ô֮Ͽȷ֮ˣΪӦҲǵҾԲȹԴǿ
Ĵڣ޷̫ġ
һ̫ͻأޱȵĽڱ֮ϵģ
𰸺֮鱦ʮԪ챦顣
ֻ鱦ʮԪ챦飬н̫컯˲ӵеƾŲ
֮ˡô꣬ڵ˻ᡭϣҪʧ

Ѫӽڣһ޴ķ·һںſڣš
Ѫӽڴ˿̲ʮǱ˾ϾţֻǱսһţͨͨųľУһ򱧻̧ԱٶȣںĿſڣɲǣһʱʧ
ҲǴܾɭϣЩʿ޳ɵ̤һİķ
ָн£ʮǴӱһޱȵҶռڡ
ҲֻҶռ䣬˺ʿ
ڶȨͨɣ̫ϳһĻ̾š
ҪϷⱲӣǿ֮Ŀݻ˵С磡
ǰϷʦһǰʱһݳɵС硣ǸС磬Ҳܹһǧˡ
Ϸ֣ϡĵرͶÿãμǿˮ򣬵Ϊֹɵ鼫ޣҲһ֮
ҪﵽҶԪ˧Сĳ̶ȣʮ꣬ϷΪͻƵ컯Ҳ̫ܰϳ̾
ֹϷ֪ʥµǿС磬ټҴܵĸԴͶ룬ĿǰɼҲʮˡ
Ҫﵽ̶ֳȣٻҪϰǸʱȻܻڶȨͨ˵
죬Ϸǿˡ
ˣ̫ϣҲˣǽ͸ðˡ˵ţڶȨͨɿҶ棬ҶԪ˧ðɱ˱óΪʮӢ²Ĵܶǻ
ɱħƣҪΪʲôͷȥ
ԣҶһɫȨ̫ϣܣܱ򱣣ܣҲν˷ѡ
Ҷ֮ǰ˵УɻʵǽʮܶɣԼĿǰ˾ǣͳͳռڡ
Ҷ˵صĿԺܴ
ҪȻѪӽڣĿǰ״ٷְʮ
Ҷ濼ǹֻǶƣһԳһС硣
ǣɼʮϰǧ˵ԳһС磬Ȼ󣬵ҲûС
ǣʮϵԳһС磬ͷǳ
ңѾشսˡ
ǿɼʮϰ˵ԳɽһС硣
һϢɢҶ滳
ĴڣɱҶᱦ졣
ɵ˵ɼʮϰ˵ԳһСļֵ鱦ʮԪ챦ļֵҪˡ
Բ컯˵̰ǲϧΣգԳֶᱦ
ǣҶȴһ㶼ڣ
˵ģʮ򱱺˾ɣҶֻܴȥʮ򣬱ͺܲʹˡ
ǷԴʮ򱱺ɻؼңҶȴΪ˱ǡ
ôһӣҶ涼ԭԼԼ


2372 ڶȨѡ
Ϊڽ֮ϵˣˣѹѹȺǰµڶȨˣһڣʱȫȻ
شȨˣ˵ĻԵģڻ״̬ĵȨˣģ²ڵģѪӽصļͳī׼
شȨߣĩȫϣΪģħսūӪȫ롣㿪ڵ
ܺá
ͷ䣬ڶȨͨһ֣ͽһöָݸˮⴢָߵķ뵤ҩÿһݡ
ȽԼıԪѪڷ뵤ҩ֮ϣȻ󱬷µҩ
ԣˮһ˿ɻȻҲڶȨΪʲôҪô
˵ǵҩʲô
ˮûгɣ£ڶȨٴοˡ
ī׼ʹ̷ⵤҩȻԼලڳʹá
κ˸гߣն⣡ڶȨͨɵУɱ
ɣˮúһʣڶȨͨɭȻ񣬾ͺʵȡһݶ
Ҫ󣬽ԼıԴѪֱ˷ҩ֮ڣѪڡ
ɲǣͻһˮţˮһԴоԪУƺһʲô
󣬵ǿźںĵҩ
ҩڼڵɲǣƺոԸԪĶһӦ
ָоˮһĲ졣
Ҳûʣ£ͺͼͳī׼ٵִ
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ǵڶȨȨְ˾ߵˮˣҲֻ
Ҷ۾ǣִеĹУȻһλǼһλļܾò˵ߣˮնɱ
û뵽ųͽڶȨһĻЦҪã˵Ѫӽ١
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ֻ˵ͽֻջˡ̫ϳ˵
ϧˣʱȴҪ뿪ҪȻͽ£һڶڶȨͨ̾һ
ЩΪǿߣ¶Ѹ٣ˮǿ󣬿ͬʱǧ˷á
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Ϸ֪Ƕܺ棬ղŵķ͵ҩʲôʵҲʲôܡ
ܴԪ굤
һΥԼڷԪ굤֮ʱ֮ڷµԣͻ⵽ɣ˲Ϣ𣡡
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ˣǵԪ飬ԣҪͼŪϷûԪ꣬ϷǿԸӦ
Ūߣɱ⣡ڶȨȵ
ԵʵҲܼ򵥣ǰЩ˷ԣԵӴ˿𣬿ĺͷֵκαѿռϢκʽκˣ򣬵Ԫ굤ɢ
Ŵ˷Ҷ氵Щж
ڶȨͨôʵȫΪ˻ػ
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Ҷж֮࣬Ҳ̾ۺ̡
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Ҷ棬һϷø㣡Ϸ췢ȥһԪ굤УֻʮģģȫϷ̫ʱƵļٻ
Ҷ̾ʱڶȨͨɵҶԺҶȻޱȡ
Ҫ֣ⵤϷܹʮףΪϷڶȨݵԵʡ
Ҫˣһ׶ټ
ģȻǼٻǺǿңʮϷѾ֪̫ϣˮİͼλΪǿпܿʵĵϡ
ټСڲĻʱڣӵһսԼֵԳһСϢӦòй¶ȥ
ϷֻϣܹϵӵԱ֮֮ʱй¶ȥڶȨͨ˵
лȨػ괫УҶ֣ޱȵĵл
ӦϷлл㣡ôصĵѹϣ˼պв⣬ǿ˰ͨ˵
һɲǣͨɵָ£ľľ񣬷׷׸ϴ̤Ǹûɾ޴һڵռ䡣
ܿģ˾߹ˣ̫ϳڡ
Ҫ죬ϷԸӦõϷõǸɱѾβһӣӣضᱻħ̤ơ
⣬ǽѪԭҪȻѹסôħ̫ϳϸһ䣬̤Ǹڶڡ
ȨҲȥɡȥ֮ҾӦжˡҶ˵
ڶȨͨɵ飬һɲǱޱȣסΣһҪǾſŻħ飬Ҫħʼʬ׷Χڣ֮ء
ţ֪ˣȥɣҶߵ
ֵΣڶȨͨɴ˿ȴЦҶ棬ǵضϷͲȥˡ
ȥǴȨ㣿ҶһĲ졣
Ϸ򰡣Ȼȥִħƣ˵䣬ڶȨͨԲҶ淴ӦٶȣһöӳҶ
ӳ죬ǵö򽻸׼ϷȥҲ˵꣬һƿҶ棬ڶȨͨɼԶ
Ҷ󼱣׷סڶȨͨɣνһǰ⻪˸䣬ڶȨͨɾʧ󷨹⻪УҶҲӦϢ


2373 
ȨʧȥͨɵϢҶĺ
ҶĴ˿Ѿ³ڶȨͨɵ뷨ˡ
ȥɣϷѾԵѪӽعڶȨͨɵ
Ȩֹڴ˰
Ȩɽڣûհ
Ȩ
ҶκڶȨͨȴûκλӦѾ
˿̣Ҷʱ䣬Ȼˡ
ңڶȨͨҪǲִѪӽ֮УҶҲġ
̾һҶŵڶȨͨʧķ򣬳Ҿס
Ȩأ
ҶһսѪɳͰҶΣ󷨴ʦѪɫĻϴ򿪵ڣ˽ȥ
뿪һɲǣҶСһظСڵصס
һ䣬лᣬҶ뽫ڶȨͨɴ˵ء
ڣ˽أȨҲԿ֮ܡ
ζǧˡ
Ҷ洦ǸλϣҲ޷ס
⣬ȴԴΪһְأ˿׳֮٣
ңϴ˿׳֮٣ԭޱȵĸӣбЩҴߵ⡣
ҶԴϣȻǰģ˾塣
ѪӽغĴ󷨿ռ䴦ųѪѪɫĻҶ棬һ԰׵ĵڶȨͨɺȻɬһЦ
͵οϷֻǣϷһڶۣսްܣǶӣһ
ο
ૼ䣬ڶȨͨȻѪӽؿռ۵󷨵ڡ

սѪ챣Ҷ谭ĽصѪĵһ㡣
ΪûбԭܲѪ߱ŰԺַԣŨȸߡ
Ҷһ룬ͷҶ汼ӿ
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ҿҶսѪ챣ܲѪɫฺһӴսѪҲƽ
ǻ˽ҶûսѪô޾ѪϮմȾ£ֻԼȥֿ
ǵ۷ĴڣֹĸǿϮ£Ҳ޷֧̫á
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ڶڵѪ͸ŨȼֱѾѪĵڶ㣬ǿʮֹ
սѪųѪ⣬ٽҶİܱҶ治Ѫ͸š
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ǰģȻһ˶ڵ⼣߰ߵĴָ
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ܹܻɶֵħڿҫĹ͡
Ȩ֮սУδй֮¡
ͨȨ˿ǾأԸħħԸ԰֪ħʦλ֮
ң֪ħħʦһӵжأ齨˽ȨͬʱҿԲħʵ
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ϷֻΪ˻ӭǣһݴѣ
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𣿡
ڶȨͨٴЦУ⣬ûõģǶ㲻˵ģ
һɲǣħʶ̫Ӷͨ´﹥֮ǰڶȨͨɶеǿ


2374 Ѫ
ڶȨͨɵľٶ治Զħʶ̫׷աʥӡ֪ħʦ˿
ǿɲǣͬʱ
Сģ
̫ӣ
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ֿſռ֮ʣ̫׷һ䡣
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ħʶ̫׷β͵èһ͵ôôࣿɱѪӽشҲʮ𣿡
£ԴԴϵĿѪӽصģֹĿǰɱѪӽصĴĿܸߴʮ򣡡оĴ
ħʶ̫׷գ۵Ƕ鴤
ĿǰָӵĴս֮󣬻
һΣʧʮķ֮һ
սϵһ޴۵㡣
ҲҿѪӽأҪȻʧͲ۵㣬ܼˡ
ʧȲأ
Ѫ
ǳ鴤ħʶ̫׷գоܹĵһ仰ֱħʶ̫׷մľ
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ǣɱħȫħʶ̫ӵĵϵ
ԭҲܼ򵥡
Ϊ˷ľ
⻹ħʶ̫׷µ
һԣоܹǸһ˿޵⣬ɲǺģ


2375 ʼħ־
һƬѪɫɽҶصѪߵ㣬Ŀܿȫ
ɽԼǧԶѪɫɽޱȡ
Ҷ𾪵ǣɽ棬ȻСѪɫڱӿ
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Ҷζʼıָ棬ҶطӦ
ʲôɽ
һȡ
һħʼȡ
ǽǶȷתһҲѪɫˮѹʲôˮħʼϵĸִССѪܾ
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ֵصѪһ
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һڶȨͨɽҶľſŻħ飬ϢĳҶǰ
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ҶУȻӦһϤϢӦԸϢ
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ʱȣҶҲûͣһߣսѪ·ɽ
Ҳʼħȡ
ڶȨͨɵĽſŻħ飬Ӧðһıλãط߶֮󣬾Ϳγһ׵ľŷħƻ˴ʼħ
ٵ½УͻȻ䣬Ҷͷһ£ҶԪе׹ޡ˵鱦ʮԪ챦顢Ƕ飬ɽ׷Էķųǿķط
ǽ⡢׹⣬ֻǿռݣһɲĻסҶ档
ҲڴʱҶǰ⻪һã·ԭ˯ʼħҽţͻȻ˹һλͷǵħҶһ̤
һ̤ܱ顣
ҪǣһţȻ·һֱӴսѪ죬ֱ̤Ҷĵ
Ҷ滹ûȫɵĵʱ;ҵ
£Ҷ֪ڵЩǣΪʲôԷĻˡ
ǣһǰɽĽ⡢׹޵׹ݡǶĻ滤ܣֵɲǣʱ
Ҷ󺧣
Ҷһָоһ̤ʵԪ飬Ļᵱɢɢ
ܵģҶ˺ԸӳԼԪ顣
ȻҶоûô
һɲǣͻأģҶڿռһǰĿռ䣬ͻȻֻ㡣
ֲʼħһţͶȻʧ˲ϢֻĿռ֮С
ҶԪͷϥС̫Ԫ͵زһ£鱦ʮԪ챦鱾壬ҵ
ȰȰȵʮԪ챦ıϣȻһɲըơ
֮ǰܹشһʮԪ챦飬ըƸмʮ֮ࡣ
·Ѿ˲ܵļޣٶ༸ƣһʮԪ챦飬ͻᵱ١
ͬһɲǣ鰢Ԫģ˼֡
ţʼħ־Ѿ˲Ϣĵڷֻǧռ赲
־Ȼǿ󣬵Ҳᱻռ鰢Ԫ
Ҷͷһɣʱŷ֣Ȼ亹ʪ͸
ʼħ񣬸飬ȻܹԪ飬ʵǿ¡
ԪҪ׶Сˡ
ò˵鱦鱦ҪȺ鱦ǿʮͨ档
ʱģҶֻܸԪȥԸҪ鱦ʮԪ챦鳹׸ԭҪҶ뿪˵֮취
鱦ƱƣǷǳѵġ
˸ղŵʼħ־ҶӵСġ
ڳһ֮Ҷ淢֣ȻҶԼ޷롣
սѪ죬ȴͨ裬ʼħ־Ĺ
ҶսѪ콫ǾſŻħ飬һһʵʵȻѪɫɽҲʼħҽŵضλá
һŻħµɲǣʼħҽɽһ
ƺǸӦħвʼħҽţҵ
һŭѪɫǿŻħķӿȥ
˵ǣһѪɵĺһɲǾȻ׷׵һŻħ顣
ͼһŻħ顣
һɲǣʼħҽɵɽǻ˹һ㣬ţŭţе˻ħ顣
Ҷ溧Ȼ֮ʣ߶սѪ죬̵ʱڣſŻħһһá
ʱʼħҽţҲֻɾѪɫӿ˾ſŻħ顣
𣡡
ͬһɲǣҶһڶȨطſŻħ顣
ŵͻͽ˲Ϣ̽һ𣬾۳һֽɫĻͻͽɫա
ͻͽɫҫ£ʼħҽɽѪ⣬ֱѩһ˲Ϣвٽҫʼħҽű֮ϡ
ҲһɲǣҶĵС΢΢һҶ洫һ棬ȴѪӽشȨͨжˡ


2376 Ѫ
Ѫӽ֮ڡ
֮ǰڶȨֱͨѪӽеĿռ۵࣬µĿռռ˿Ȼֹͣ
ѪӽڵĿռ䣬Ȼȶ
ʱѪӽصĿռ䣬ѾԭʼС
֮ǰļǧ﷽ԲĴС˿Ѿ˰﷽ԲЩǿߵֻҪĿһࡣ
˿̣﷽ԲĿռڣѾʬɽѪɺӡ
ħʶ̫׷տܱ߶ѻɽʬ壬һֻĿ͵ؾͱѪɫ
ǰǰ󣬽Ѫӽصħ˾ʮ
ڣܹվģȴʮ
ܹģ˵ȫûռġ
ʮţ
ңʮħʶ̫׷յĴ˵ңȫħʶ̫׷µľ
һɲǣħʶ̫׷յģڵѪˡ
£һͶ򡢿ԾսƵĴսۣսŻᳬʮ
ڣ̶̰ӣûˡ
⼸ħʶ̫׷¸ոһնȥ
һУǰȥȨͨɡ
ĿеѪɫŨɲǣħʶ̫׷һָڶȨͨŭ

ڶȨͨЦϷħӣ𣿡
ϣܴ̫ҪⰡħʶ̫׷շŭ
ɲǼ䣬ʮλħħʶ̫׷߳ɱ˵ڶȨͨɡ
Щħųս˿̽ڶȨͨɺ޵˼㡣
µĴ̼˴룬һħʶ̫׷һ޲⡣
̫һ֮Ҳλϵ飬һλ񽫡
Ϊڷţһλϵ㱳֮£Ŀռɶ䣬˿̣Щϵˣȴ˱
ֻк󷽵ĻһĶӧüͷ΢΢һ壬ֹ˼λˡ
ڶȨͨ˼ĴЦйżмص˾ķͿֲ
˾ÿݾЦԱԷԪ飬飬ȫս⡣
ͬһɲǣħ֪ħʦ࣬ҲħƵļء
ܼ˾λԽߣԽǸҲϧ̶֮£Χ
Сģ

̫ӵ£ǻ
ΧܻԱԷԪ飡֪ħʦ༲
ˣ
˼ĴЦУԭӵĵڶȨͨɣͻȻ׳ޱȣ֮ǰ̬֮ƣһӭ˳Ķʮλ
ۿɼ⣬ʼڵڶȨͨ
ڶħɲǣڶȨͨɾĳ嵽ǰ֮ڡ
ڱӿĿֲ⣬͵һݣȻٶȱѿ
ֲ鱬˲ϢԵڶȨͨɵΪģ˷
ͬһɲǣڶȨͨɵۻޱȸߴԪ飬Ҳر⣬Ź㣬ǵ˷鱬֮С
ʱһһ㣬ĹԪ鱬ܸΧɱɱ
ڶȨͨλڵħֱڿֲ鱬֮£˷ɻҡ
ʱ򣬷Ӧһħ֣žֺˡ
ħǣסඣ˴ڶȨͨɣҴܼ˾Ϊ飬Ϊȫ
ϷԪԪ֮£ҲҪģ
ħǣе˵Ϸټ㶷Ϸǵѵ
ʥӡ̫ӣϷڵǣҴܡʤ
ʤָ˵꣬鱬УڶȨͨɸֵӰ׻ޡ
ҲŵڶȨͨɳ׵Ļɢ
ǵڶȨͨɻɢɲǣڶȨͨѪӽѪɫĻĴڶȨȨȣطһذʣ˲Ϣʧ
ҲһɲǣСķĻ涨ڵڶȨͨɳ׻ɢŭ𡮴ܱʤһĻҶ棬Ȼ档
ѪɫУҶ滺ĳŵڶȨͨԪԪԱķ򣬹¡
˫ָգͷĿȥ
Ȩߺã
֮ͨǰȨôᣬǴ˿ֵ̣þˡ
ǴŴʿͷͻ
ǴѪ־Ļ
һɲǣҶͻȻˣΪʲôĵ۹Դгʮ겻
Ϊ飬Ϊȫ
Ǵ͵Ѫ־
Ѫ־ʲô
壡
ػܣػ壡
ϧѪ
ϧ飡
Ѫӽڣħʶ̫׷տŰĵڶȨͨɵ鱬Ъ˹ŭ
Ԫ䣬ֱѰҵڶȨͨɵƬֻǣйߣ
ŵһ鱬ִ˾ħʥһĵ
ٵܵزһơ
Ҫǣ鱬ΧߴȻΧѾǳС
ҴħʿΪҲߡ
һִ˳ħʿ䣬нħ彫죬٣
֪ħʦɫ˿Ҳѿ˵㡣
һμʶܼ˾Ա䣬Ҳ̵˼㡣
޷ħ񹬼¼ԵĴܼ˾ǵķľԼ£
ϧǣڶȨͨɵԱУȻ׵Ļɷɻҡ
ħʶ̫׷ձ˵ҵƬֻǣһͷмҲ
йŵħʶָ̫ǵصѪŭʼħѪ
̫Ҫ̹ħսߣ̫Ҫɱܸأ
̫Ҫǣ
պ󣬱̫Ӵ֮弦Ȯ


2377 ĻԵ
صѪ㣬ֻ˵ʼħѪС
ҶǾſŻħĻͻͻħս֮ϣѩһڵѪ⣬类ůҫ»ڻĻѩһʼħȡ
Ҷϣûһϲ
еģֻǰʹ
Ŀ˵ڶȨͨѳҶ飬ޱȵĳء
ڶȨͨĿ֮ʿ˴ܵѪ
ҲʿĬĬŵʬɽѪǰ˺̵ĸųɾ˴ܵѪ
ͻģҶͷͻȻһԺ
ЩѪԺΪǵڶȨͨѳ׳ʿ
һɲǣҶĵףԴܣһ˵ĹС
⣬žжɣ
ѪӽʼħѪǰħʦʦʼƻ˾಼µƽ󷨡
һУͨСķҶС
Ȼ˵ƻ׽ѣǣ˾ĲãҲڶʱܹƻɸɾġ
ǰڶȨͨռ۵նɱʮħľٶֱ˿̣ħʶ̫׷¡
ΧʼħѪܱ߲õʲôֽš
ƵĺСģҲϸ
ҪЩ󷨣ǲпܳʼħѪĵء
ԣҶĿǰųʱ䡣
Ϊһ
Ͼʼħʬǡ
˿̣ҶѾ˵ڶȨͨɡ˵Ĳá
ʼħѪѾ崦
£ʼħĸȻ޷ֵ
ǣܹƻһܹ⸴ʼħʵ
򵥵˵һսʿȱһȣս϶ȵĽ͡
οʼħԣһһȡ
ԣΣҶٷְٵĽʼħȸ
̬£ҶһָᵯͽڵԸһΣ־ſħĻͻʹա
Ҷϣ˲Ϣ䣬ֻͻʹɢĻħ⣬Ȼࡣ
Ȼǻħ̺ԸϢԸӦÿ⻯ħ
һʱ䣬·ʼħڻٶȣּӿ˼֡
ϣһԸܹǿħһҲϢʱ䡣
ֵ˹ؼʱ̣ҶҲģޱȵĽһһεԸͶǿħ⡣
ڣһƽžųѶһСͨѶŲڡ
ݺܼ򵥣ԼѾѪӾڵǿһ𣬲˻Ԫ˧ӿˡ
ͼϮѪҪħѪҪħʱһһĹսѪӽأϮɵİա
ܹıõҶһܸϣп¶Ѫӽء
ǴŻɱѪӽأԻݣܱضƴ۵Ӫȣɱħս߲ʧȫ̽Ի
뷨ҶǸж
Ѫӽأʱѳأ绹Ϸ磬Ȼס
֣ѪӽȻʧݣڶȨͨѳĿǰɵڶȨ񣬴֮ҽʲвⷽʽתս
ʼħѪ󱬷ڼһѪӾ׵壬㲿ٳ롣
֮ѪӾڣƽžųյҶĻظ֮󣬾þò
ѪӽصķңңҾס
ڶȨͨѳ˵Ǽ⣬֮С
ΪһˣΪһħսѪսʮľˣǲϣҲ޷ħսʧصġ
ƻѾ˼֮µģΨһ뵽֮ߡ
ڣѪӽسʧأڶȨͨѳҲûκʵʩĿռ䡣
ģֻ೷һ;
ǣˣħս󶼶飬б֮ġ
ǣҶأ
ãҶ֣˼ܾɡ
ҶǴˣֻҪᵽ֣Ҷ˼
Ҷ浱Ȼ˼ֱ֣ӽҶ桢ԼҶµı˾ϾŲвսһŲвǰ;һӰ
ܾɣ֮ʧնն
Ȼ˵ҶһεĳˣеڶȨͨɵǣڶȨͨλȨأǣڶȨ޾ְ
ְ˾ûָӾӵȨ
ԣھķ֮ڡ
οش
ʱǰ飬ǡ飬ɣȴֻɣЩ
һҶ潫ЩӰʱѹĵףĿִ·ʼħȡ
ʱɽһʼħȣѾޱȵĻħ⣬ڻֽ˴Сһ顣
ڽ֮£ʼħڵ󽭴һѪ飬Ũ罬ʼħڵľѪʱǷĵĺˮһɢ˷
ħ֮£ЩѪҲʼɿڡ
ڴʱҶͷͻһͻȻӦ
ָӦЩ죬ҶҲϸо֮£Ȼ֣ӦȻ
Եħħ˧ɾ͵ִϹħԜеͻȻʼħĵľѪһЩ˸Ӧ
˵ĺӦ
еͬѪ֮ĺӦ
ҶһʼħڣӦûħһѪɡ
ֻ˵ħһѪ
һУҶĿǰ㲻ǣȻиӦǰ£Ӧȷġ
˿̣ʼħȴ뱻ڣƻʼħѪѹƣѾС˺ܶ౶
ʼħһ־Ӧûڡ
һսѪͻһѪ⣬ǷıʼħѪӦĵط
ѪһͽӦľѪء
սѪϲһţͽսѪʼħѪ¡
սѪƵƵһһӦӦľѪɡ
ٲʼħľѪҶĸоУϢڻ仯š
ҪʼħһƾѪԣҲһȽĹ̡
Ҷܺ棬ޱϡʼħһƾѪ֮պʲô仯أ
ħڳڻţģʼħҽɽѪֻڻʣ¼Сһ֡
⼫Сһ֣еʼħȵڣǻħҫ£ڻٶȣҲ÷ǳĻ
һҶֱӽӳ뻯ħԸһʮΡ
˲Ϣ䣬ħгɱıǡ
ЩʼħҽźǣͻȻ伲䶯Ҫ۵һ
䶯䣬ȻʼĽ淽ĺѪɹȥ׳Żħڣȴһֱ޷ںһ
ͻȻ䣬һɿֲޱȵħ־һŭ
ֲޱȵħ־ֵɲǣٿʼħȲйǣʱ;ۼһ
ͬʱͻһ޴Ѫɫħŭһ˷޾ѪһѪ۹ȥɲǣɢŻͻͻħճ
һɲǣһ޷ݵ䣬ȴסҶȫ
Ҷͷʱһ


2378 鱦飿
Ҷףʼħҽڲ־Ŀ
Ŀǻħⱳ
ңһβһ
ʼħ־ҽŲкΪ壬һֲʼħ־Ϊ񣬻ɵѪɫħɱ֮ǰʼħ־
ʼħҽڲħ־ǰıܷ
ǿֲϢʱҶͷ亹乣ֽŷ
ѪɫħҶҿ϶Ի
ʶģ˵ǱܵģҶֱӽٵԸֱע˻ħ֮ڡ
ǻħܣٴγɱ
ʵ֤ҶǰĵģǶġ
ҵĻħ֮£ѪɫħҲֻܷͽ͵İ
޷ǻͻͽɫɢĻħ⡣
ǻħҫ£ͣš
ҶΪġ
ȻҲʼħĿǰֻһı־ڱܵķ
ҪȻ⻯ħٶ࣬Ҳס
ʮĹѪʼħҽŲк㼯ɢſֲϢѪɫħ񣬾ͱڻΪһֻӤȭͷСѪ籦ʯһѪ⡣
ͷ·һѪʯһ
ֵǣ籦ʯһѪ⣬һĻͻͻħҫ£Ȼֺ
֮£ҶһٴͶԸǿ˻ħܣѪʯһѪ⣬ûκα仯
ңҶĹ۲£ڳʮʱҫ£ûκα仯
һҶѪʯһĹ⻪һǾףһ¡
ϾֻҪѪʯһĹ⻪׸ɵҶУ͹Բˣʱˡ
ҪȻȴħֳҪǻûл̺ʼħ־Ѫ⣬Ǿ鷳ˡ
ǣҶģľ׺֮£ѪʯһĹ⻪Ȼ˿
ҶӦУһ֮£ѪʯһѪ⣬һ˿һûм١
ҶЩа߶䣬СлԪס̫סףַǿѪʯлħⲻϵҫ
ǣһ˿һ١
ҶĿɿڴ֮࣬סˡ
Ҫ̺ħʼ־Ѫʯ⻪ɵҶһε񣬾޷ɡ
֮£ҶѯԪ鰢ļʶġ
ҶѯʣԪ鰢ޱȳҶ淭һޱȱĵİۡ
˵Ҷϴһ籦ʯһĹ⻪ɲ֮ǰħڵЩ⡣
Щ⣬Ȼ˵ʼħĺǣҲǿվḯġ
ǣѪʯ̺ʼħĲд־Ȼ٣ȴ޽ӽһ־
ҪȻҲô֮ʼħ񣬻ŸĿܣΪ
ҪȻΪĶʥΪʲôôࣿ
˵Ԫ鰢ֶһ£ȻҲǲ࣬ҪȻҲˡֻǣβԶˣԣû
ܴﵽϼһĳ̶ȣпܵġ
ô˵ֻ취߷Ҷüͷ
Ȼ޷ôҶֻѡˡ
ʵеѡ񣡡Ԫ鰢Ǹһ֮ɫ
ѡ񣿡
ûãҲҶϴˣඣԪ鰢սѪķ졣
˵
õʾһ˲䣬ҶԺͷǵϹħԜУ֪սѪ֮һЩ
սѪ죬ǿͻƳɳΪ鱦ģҪͻƵ鱦ȴҪһĻԵ
飬鱦Ҷʵ
ϴӢ
Ԫ鰢ԽԽˣʼħ־ʼħԪӡ
ǣģʼħԪӡѾˡ
ֱ֮ħ⻯ȥ˼е˿ֻʣľˡ
ֻҪ㻨ʱ䣬ʼħ־Ԫӡĥųʼħ־鱦塣
ʺսѪ졣˵
ʲôҶϲսѪ鱦ˣ
ȱ˵̫ˡԪ鰢ٶȸҶˮȣʼħ־еԪӡȻֻ༫ٵһ㣬٣Ҳʼħľӡ
̫žһëѹϻ
УĿǰҵΪ鱦ĻԵǵһ棬ÿܲ
˵̣пǾһпܡ
ңˣ飬ҲǼ临ѵ顣
ҪȻΪ鱦·ߴײ˰
Ԫ鰢߶߶УҶʩչϹħԜеط߶սѪѪ⣬ͬԴϢ£űʯħ־սѪ֮С
͸սѪϢҶﵽˣĨȥһ΢ޱȵʼħľӡ
ֻǣҶǣսѪħ־ħ־Ӱ£սѪϢ͵һǡ
һɲǣҲ޷һ˿һѪսѪ죬ȻٴοʼѪ⡣
ȻսѪƷףûͻƣȴˡ
ҶսѪպͻΪ鱦ӵˡ
ˣʼħȣǱҶ泹׻ȥˣ
ǣǾſŻħ۳ɵɢͻͻħ⣬ȴڷٵĺѪɫ
Ҳһɲǣħս崦ѾʼħѪͻȻ˾춯صķŭ


2379 
ͬһʱ䣬ѾʼħѪͻȻ˷ŭ
ѣѾεѪڣͻȻ·Хһ
ݡҪˡ
ѪǱ޵ħ֣ѪХһĳ£׷ױѪڡ
ڸܵѪ磬Ѫ֮£ǶϽۡ
вٵù
ǣģȴֻħڵĵĹִܵǱ޵Ѫ㡣
һŭ͸ħһԪֱһֹ֮С
Σ˺Ȼ׷תͷ
ǶԣҲǽء
ŵŭ
ûã־䣬¶ϻ۵ħͬʱոչռѪӽħʶ̫׷ҲõϢ
õϢ֮ħʶ̫׷Ϊ׵һħ߲㣬׵׷ʲô顣
ͻȻ䣬ʥٳ˹Ҷأ
ҶأµĴôȫʧˣѾѪӽÿһ䡣
˵±˾Ļˣ˵ʬ壬һû
ˣ׶㵽ˣ
ûʥٵ֪УҶµĴ϶Ƕ㵽ĳطˡ
ϾҪƾ뿪ܡ
԰ҶأҪҳˣҶˣ߻дáӧˡ
԰ҶأѪӽؼʮأħʶ̫׷ཫɻĿ⿴ħʦࡣ
᲻ͨռŲ뿪أһħ˵
ܣ
оֱܹӷܣ˴νѪӽأȫĲãκѪӽغĿռ䲨Ӳǵļӡ
ҶǼռ鱦ڻתʱҲǵļ֮¡
ʮҪϢĴŲƳȥܡ
ôҶµĴǼ˾ȥħʶ̫׷üͷ
֪ħʦͻȻͻͷһۺ󷽵ʼħѪǹޱȵѪɫĻ飬ͻȻѿ
ܡǣܽˡ
ʲôħʶ̫׷ɫ䣬ʥɫȴǱޱȵѿ
ħʼħѪȻ˵ۻޱȣǺĸȴܹܺͽܵġ
Ҷȥ׷Ψȴû׷
˿̵֪ħʦ࣬ȴﲻݣңһɣŵǷ崦ѾʼħѪҶйء
˵֪꣬ħʦ飬Ѿѿޱȣ˿̵Ȼ²⵽ĳЩµʵ
ħʶ̫׷Ŀһ䣬Ҳ뵽ĳЩܣ⡭ⲻܰɣ뵽ǿܴڵĿº̫׷ý
⡭֪ħʦһɬĿ˱סѪɫĻ
죬ϧһдۣ󣡡ħʶ̫׷ŭ淢飬Ǻ

ռڣ˿̵Щɭ޴ɽУһſɢŰ׹ıʯɽյ硣
һռؾ޴ϹŲƴɽģ⻪˸
޴ϹŲܱߣʮʿ䣬˾Ľܱߣȴһ
ѲԸѲ񽫣ڶϷӥ˫Ѳ˷
κʿκ춯֮УͻĽնɱ
Ҷȫȴ᳷룬κˣ߶߶ߣն
˵ʵҶཫЩ⡣
ҶҲû˸Υ
ڸΥĴͷѾ˾
˿̣һеһУȥޱȵʵ
˸ǳЩ֮⣬õģ´ǣš
ʵˡ
Щ֮⣬еһΣԪ鰢ʩչռڲµľ޴
Ϊ˷ֹ߶ʿײƣ
Ҳ֮١
ܣ¹Ҷ
ҶӵڶȨֿ֪ͨɳ˵СĿֲսԼֵ֮ҶӵСˡ
Ҫǳױ¶ȥҶ»ԵС
ЩޱȱĻҲֻΪԻЩʿ˾ǣΪһֵλüءս弫شϹŲ
֮ǰԪ굤ҲΪ˱ϹŲܡ
Ϊ˵ϹŲ󣬿ֱӽŲƵħ徳ڵĳϹŲ֮ڡ
ԣҪԱܡ
ʱСϢѾʼڴͼ˾ڲ
ȻҲҶµţо֮ųȥϢ
ЩʿƴϹԲǵԲ򣬷ܹڸסҶռܡ
˿̣֮ǰһֱû¶Ҷ棬ϹŲ֮С
Ҷڶ㷲ʿ䣬д˾ǣ׷װ
Ҷı֣ѾۣϿҶ档
һʱ䣬ҶͽϾŵڡսһŵĺڣĿǰʵ͵λߵλˮͳī׼ټһؽ⻪ͬʱٿܻ顣
ԭȨİʵ˴˿һˣڻУֻܸˡ
λҪһ£غλֵܵĴ¡
Ҷ飬Ҳޱȵ֣ء
Ϊһ飬ʮ˵ˣ


2380 ȥδ
ǽȥδӣ
ĿǰǵڶȨͨѾѳһ£֪ˣھݵ𾪺ͻ֮ٴγĬ
ģûһģ㶼֪Ҷ⡣
Ϊܾ㣬һˣʧѪӽصӱܱ
ȻĿǰΣпԭҶ²⣬ڶȨͨɵżУܻԴǣ顣
ҶԸ⽫Լˣˣ
ʱ뿪⼴ѪʵҶиֱӵķ
鱦ʮԪ챦ֱӽҶ͵ҶͿԴһڱ˾ֵǣֱӻؼˡ
ˬˬˣȴ鷳
Ҷӵ鱦ܻȵٴع⣬£ܣҲڸǲסˡ
Ҫǣ޾ֱӳرҶЩ˾ֵǣͶɴӱ
Ҷ滹ð죬ƨˡ
ô౱˾ֵأ
ÿһֵܱ˶ʮ˵ļҾǼأ
ɣǻġ
ĿǰԣӦû󶼶ԭǾֱʾɣϾžųһĿɬ
Ȼԡ
ڵǱսһžųڣҿ϶µľǣѪҪʧءѪӽʧ£ôƲȥ
˵ڿɬһЦӾת󷽵ĵһʱ䣬Ҫִо
ҶԪ˧д󹦰˽٣Ҷˣȴɣ˵ţڿ˽ĻĴ
ңµֵǣ򱻷ۣ򱻴ūȫȫ壬÷
˵ڳ̾һЩֵƴѪսȴҪͻȻ䣬ڵȦЩˡ
һԼˣڳ˾࣬ҶҲȥĺڵļ
ǣܾˣȻڴ˾еǣ֪
Ŀǰԣܾܹıġ
ͬһʱ̣˾ͳī׼ҲһĿɬɷȻڴˣǣڶȨѳǣѾûȥˣ
˵仰ī׼ϴ֮ģһ־ԺҲ뿪ȥħѪƴףֱƴһˣ
ʱ򣬴ȨڻȪ·ϣҲڹµ
ʵһ仰ī׼û˵
ЩԻŻȥŻȥ֮Ȼдܾ֮µһʿ
ǣǻȥ֮֮УȴһӶ̧ͷ
ǵļˣΪǶλ󽵣⽫Ϊһӵĳ衣
ī׼ҲǺţ
֮ǰϹŲ֮ǰҪ֪ڶȨͨɻѳԲġ
ԻڵڶȨͨߣһͬţڶȨͨһ׳ѳ
Ȼ˵ǻǵļˣȴܵչˣǰ;
Ǵ˿̣һжˡ
ڼͳī׼֮ԣҶ治ÿɷ񣬲ûлشתˮ
кδ㣿
ˮΪĿǰְλ֮ˣҶ֪뷨

ˮ̾һеѡ˿ԸǵȨİһԹȥ
Ļȥǳ谡
ңξħս߼
ʱħ½ս죬
ôرضҳһԹ
󶼶ԭĿǰմǻ϶ᱻƳ
վصĽǶѪҪѪƴˣпܻᱻƳ
Թ
ǴܾҪһл¡
ôЩˣʺϵѡȴʵѡ
ȻڵĳͷǴܾңǣ³ҲԺòȥ
пܻ
ԣˮ˿̺ܲģ
ǳĲģ
ҶԪ˧Ϸңɣôĸ򳷣ɡˮϣɪ
֮ǰڶȨͨɻŵʱ򣬻еڶȨͨɶš
˿̣Ȩһһԣ¡׳ѳµģֻˡ
һɲǣˮͻȻʶʱʵܼ򵥡
ѵģʵǻţ
ңĳ̶ֳ϶ԣˮ˿ȻЩףڶȨͨΪʲôҪ԰ħԱ׳ѳˡ
Уⷽԭ
ΪˣҪѪҪѪӽʧأԼµħսʧص޴Ρ
Щ
ѣ
̫ˣ
ȥ
ĿǰεϾžųڿЦĿǰλħսǰߣҪغ󷽣Ҳһ࣬ħսһΧѪ¡
ңųȥΣܾɡ
ʵɴ࣡һ֮ټҾ֮ҫ
Ҳǡ
̾һ
ԣǵ뷨
ǣ̰лȥĻᣬ˭ԸĬĬŵȥ
ǣֵ׳꣬껪
ͻȻ䣬ڿҶ棬͵طӦ˹嵽Ҷǰϥ¹ҶԪ˧֪жƣǱսһŵĲвǣһ·
ҲұһŵĲвɵļҾǣһϣСž۵Ŀܡ
кڴͷҲطӦͬҶǰ˵ͬĻ
ҶĿӺڸɨͳī׼ˮϡ


2381 󱬷
ųҶµڣͳī׼ˮһۣ񶸵رޱȵĸӡ
ҶԪ˧Ҫʲô˼һ£ˮѯʡ
ˣҶͬڴ֮ǰҶǣǵϼͳϽǡ
˿̣Ҷ¹򣬲һʽĳ׷ӣЧ̸ϵġ
ǣͳī׼ˮȴһ
еְλҶѡ
ңУһС
ҶĵλǲԶˡ
ͬһ¹ʽıʾ׵ķӣǾԲܡ
һ㣬ҲҶҪ⡣
ˮѯʣҶ沢ûϻش𣬶Ƚڣһһӵ˫ַȻſī׼뺣
īͳ죬Ϊ˧ļƻðաΪɹжУֻһ
ԣΪ֤һ㣬ҽ࣡
ԸжˣҶ˵
ࣿ
ī׼һۣȴǸӵĸӡ
Ϊڴ֮ǰҶǰȻеڶȨͨΪѪӽطͳ˧Խļ˾
ǣֽƣǷǳ޵ġ
һϡ
ҶҪĳһӼ޷ֱӶһӼġ
ҪҶȷŸͳī׼˵ϣȻī׼ܵһӼ
Լ˾ĵһġ
Ȼ˵Ǻī׼ܾҶ֮ǰ
ǵڶȨͨڵ£Ѫӽص¡
һҶǸðޱȵļƻչٳֱܾǾҪˡ
ԣڽǸ󵨼ƻ֮ǰҶҪڲͳһ
ҶҲԼԭ򡪡ڲͳһɲҪҲ
⡭ҶԪ˧Ϸ򿴿ƻ𣿡ʵ
ܣ
Ҷҡҡͷƻǿʼִ֮ҲǾܣȫ֮У֪ȫƻģᳬˡ
ҶԪ˧ƻɹĿԣжܹʲô״̬ͳī׼ʵ
ɹʣҶҡҡͷ֮£һ̽䣬Գɹʱ˧δ֪
ܹɵ״̬ȴԸǣڳλĿʱҶ棬ĿżּС
ҿԴǵеĴ󲿷ˣŻתܣϴˢ
ЩѪսµֵǣڱѪǵļҾᡣ
˧Ե棿ڸͬʱ¶˾ϲ֮ɫ
ȻΪǣҲΪʮ򱱺ӵܱǡ
ʵ仰Ҷ⡣
ǰߣսϣнһ˵
ҶµĹѫ֮ǰնɱħǰžų´Ĺѫ£ѾҶˡ
ǣҶûˣҶµֵأ
ҪҶȥˣҶ£߹ٺ»վɣµĽӵܱȴ׷׻Ҷպкڱ
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һڸڴϲڣڣԸڴ˧Ч
ǰ֮߳鿰Ƚʯ
Ҷ˵ڸѾޱҶָˡ
ΣҪΪȡһõĹޣҪΪӦõҫ
ǡҪǲأˮСһ䡣
Ը⣬Ǿ͸ΪսͻΧɣԶС仰Ҷ˵նû˿ء
ԣͳī׼ˮͬʱӿЦ˿Ҷ˿Ļ̫Žȣֶһ˿Ȼ
Ĺأֳ֮ģ㲻ǵҲλȵ
˿̣Ҷֳ̫ŽȣλȻͬҶľλҶҲͲǲԽܵˡ
ͬʱҶ湪ҵԸҶԪ˧ࡣ
ȥһҶƴһѡ
ʱ˿̣ѾҶжĴ·ˣӦӲĸ֡
ãȻˣ༴̿ʼ

ڳʱķƻ£⼸ѪӽʼħѪѪɫĻܱ߲µĸָľޱȵĴ󣬱ƻһɶ
ƻԶҪȽס
һƻɾɲǣ֪ħʦļѪɫĻȱڣͻȻ伱˸
û˴ά֣ʼħѪڣѪ͸ӿʱͽǼȱ˲޸
ɸֽʼħѪ֪ħʦ࣬һΡ
ǣʼħѪûб֮ǰҲ޷롣
ѾѪƿȱڣȻȻ޸ˣʱڣ޷˽ȥġ
£ҪץʱʼħѪ󱩷Ʋ⣬ʧʮҶ棬ļ˾пܽ֪ħʦһء
ʲôƶϣħʶ̫׷һš
Ȼ˼飬ΨһĿԣ֪ħʦޱȼѵ˵
һ£ħʶ̫׷վ;ϣȻˣǾɱūɣ
ţɱūɣ֪ħʦ˵ͷ⣬ʮʬ壬ṩ
ûãһսܴŵħĹƣͻȻ˵
ħӪפڣЩλ͵ū޴ħū׷̵ʱڱɱ
½նɱ˳ūѪɫѾĵʼħѪһѾĻǶһ
ŭſ
˲Ϣ䣬Ѫ죡


2382 ս
ħսҹУһѪ⣬ͻȻŭſΪؼһ޴ޱȵѪһ
ڸ߿иӣͻầȻ֣˶ޱȵѪǿʼ
˶ޱȵѪ֮һ仨꣬ʱǻ˹һ㣬ǹ޵Ĵһ㣬˷
ֲǣ֮ǰħսȻ崦Ѫ󣬴˿Ҳǻһ㣬Ѫ˷
֮ĳһѪȥѪ⣬ǰţգںһ
ǴǰɺԵĺһٴοʼʺˮ
ʵȴѪɫĺˮ
ˮһ磬һģѪ쿪
ķ·һѪˮӿӵص쳹׿
Ѫɫ⻪ʼѪΪģһΪ֦Ҷɢ
ͬʱһ޵ļޱȵϢӵص״
һһ˶ѹЩΪ֪Ĵڶȴһ
˿ɼУλŹϵɫʥ۵ʥֻĿ⣬Ѽǹ֮һֱͶħսصס
գಢûгɹħ壬һˣͷͷʥ̾һ
ս֮֣ħ޸ʼħĿܡһλʥȵ
ʼħţʮʼħһɹҲħĺô
˵Ŀһɣһʥһڽ
ô֣
ΪʲôɵңΥԼܷǣϹͷҲ˶ˡ
ʼħһǵ־˯ȥҲܹ츣˵ţʥһԼĶۣһ
ҪΥԼ֮ΥޣܹƽϢ̬ǵˣϷʡ
׷üʥ̾һʱҷ컯ʥֻһ֣ͻħ컯˳ֵĽڣ
̾Ϣ䣬նʥͻȻָĳˣ뻵أҲûˡ
նʥָķ͸޶ְ컯Ϣ
ڵѪƣǵݡħ幩ħ
ЩħɢϢʥͬʱͬʱ·ħսصǰϢ
ͬʱһ纣Ϣ
û뵽λǵԼ֮£ĳ˾һط֮ǰѲ죬ûΥ֮¡
һλʥԣɫ΢΢һ䣬ֻεĿħսϵƱ仯
ã޾Ѫɫ˴ħս֮λʥһεĳ̾
ֻ֮Ŀħսص׵ǸϢһ׳
ͻȻ䣬նʥһָѪӾǵķ׵ûз֣ǵʼħϢʧˣ
ʧˣ
λʥͬʱȻ
ֹʥǣħ񹬹ħ񣬻һ׷ޱȵͶѪӾǵķ
һɲǣλħ񹬹ħɫرޱѿƢģͷŭ
һ鶸ر
ҴܶɣҲһǴȻܹ׻ʼħһʬǣ
ǲ֪ȥʬǣһأ
һ֣㹻ˣʼħʬǸ־ʧ֮һѾ⸴ʼħʵɱɱĽˣˣ뷢԰׵ʥЦ
ߣһϲģǸ˸ƨħ񹬣ƾһλʼħ񣬿أǵʼսϹͷѣһλħ
仰ʱλʥЦʧҲһɫԺת
ֻǣһУλħ񹬵ħɫɺס
ǸѾʮʼħ񣬾ǸʵҲǰʮ֮һûС
ҪȻ棬ɲǸһλʵֱ׷Ĵڡ
ʼħ֮һʬԼ־ʧʼħ񸴻֮ʵֻǳʮĽ͡
ȫǵϣҲǵԤ֮С

ѪӾڣ޾ѪӵصӿѪеĸɫʱͿʼʴѪӾڵĸ·
ʴ£ѪӾǵķ󷨡ƣ˰Ӳʱ䣬ͳ׵ıϡ
һתԿѪʴĴƽžų͵һ־͵ȫۣ
ٵǰ翴һѪӽصķĿУǵǣ
֪սϵ֪ôˡ
粻ǵҶ
ţҶָͷԣӦܹ
ĵģҶԺ
ȻҶħս´ѫǣħսȫʧأȴҪһˡ
ǰߣս
ߣΣ
սֻε
εҪǰսµľʱͲôҪˡ
ĵģ
ءѪӽصķһ̤ۣ´˳˵
Ҳ糷˵һɲǣħսϣǱѪָǵĵطеľǡҪȫʧء
ȻҲʧأǷ󷨣ʧȥá
£ǻԼս
ǣһħս󶼶ľȴǴӼصľݵе׷׳ĳ


2383 
λѪӾǸĵѪ󱬷ĵһʱ䣬ħʶ̫׷ա֪ħʦࡢоܹļһ̫׷յ׷ڵһʱ䣬ѾѪγɵѪ֮С
ħʶ̫׷ա֪ħʦࡢоܹĵˣֱѪ㡣
Ѿ崦ѪнѪ̽ħԣᳵ·ģ̵ʱڣͺ谭ĳ嵽Ѫĺġ
мصʼħ־ѹȻûг֡
һɲǣտҰĵѪĺĵشħʶ̫׷ա֪ħʦ˵飬ʱþޱȡ
⡭⡭
ʼħĺأôûˣ
һɲǼ䣬֪ħʦֽŶЩ
нӵħҪ֮һǱ֤˳ʼħѪ˳λʼħ
ڣʼħѪˣʼħĺǣȴˡ
⡭ô
ħʶ̫׷һ£ͻȻ߬ȭŭУǲŭ
Ҫ֪ʼħѪΪ֮ǰù£ԿǾĿ
ħ񹬶Դ˸ޱȡ
ħʶ̫׷յļƻҪ´˹õľ˹ѫͬʱȻ˳µĻõħ񹬵֧֡
Ȼħ֮λϾˡ
ħ񹬵֧֣ᱻħԹ
һһ£ֱ֮
ֱӽ춨λ̳˵뷨ˡ
Ҷ棬һҶ˸ɵģ
һҪǧУ

£в֮ħʶ̫׷մ˿Ȼŭ죬Էйһŭ֮ʱ侲
֪ħʦüͷ̫ӵ£˼һ
˵꣬ħ񹬴ħʦһݼѶ֪꣬ħʦɫͱѿ
̫ӵ£ħ񹬵ļѶ̾һħѾ֪ʼħ񺡹ʧһ£ڵǡ
֮⣬ħȻ֪ˣȻûˡ
ԣħʶ̫׷յľ˪˵һ̫ҿı꣬Ͷô󡭡
˵̫꣬׷೤̾һ
̫ӵˣ겼֣ûйͣҲп๦οħʱǰľѫܲ˵ġ
Ȼûлõħ񹬷֧֣ǣλ£Ҳûлħ񹬵֧
ⳡսŸոտʼ̫ӵеǻᣡ֪ħʦలο
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֮󣬶̫׷Уȼ˶־
޶żսϲս紦ĲһħӪУħ̫Ӵħ̫£һ𣬺ƣ޵ˡ
ֻǣüĿôһ
ս϶Ǳߣ¾Ҫ춨λˣҶˣպ󲻽ö׳Ƴüβ˰̫¾žƱһơ
ߣߣҶ˺ģұ˰ܼźߺ
һ£ħ̫Ӵƾһӻ
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̫ӴƳҶƿܹ˵
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Ϊδ컯֮λĽ磬ҶνƻʵɱɱС˵
Ϊ磬µͣرħսϣûʲô۵ı֡
ںսħԣûб֣սʧܸӵĿ£
лᣬһߵҶˣٴǧУ仰̫˵ҧгݡ
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ˣлˣӽֵɵýϵпܿסȺ
ͻȻ䣬һһӰ̫ӴȴѾȥ֪ħʦߺʦ
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֪ħʦ֪ħʦߺԸģ֪ħʦܵħ̫Ϊְԭ
ʵҲΪ˸֪ħʦߺ걨
ҲΪԭ̫Ӵƶ֪ħʦǳ𾴣ȵ֪ħʦߺӵ𾴡
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ôˣϽһůůӡ
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ΪЩħȻڵʶ̫ӵ£ʹ£˵֪ħʦȻһ࣬УȴѾЦ⡣
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ħ̫ӴƺݺݵĻһ˫ȭЦſ̫£Ȼ첻ң磬ǻлᣬǻлᣡ
ûһǸ϶Ķ֮Ÿոտʼոտʼ̫£һɨǰǷϣþȡ
ôֵܶˣȽֶԸ϶Σħ̫ӴĿƵĶ̫¡
̫һ֣̫ӴƵֽһĿԣǾ֣˭ϵλ


˵仰̫̫֮ӴƷ·ϬһЦ
֪϶ԵλܵУħ̫Ӵʵ
˵Ǳ˾Ԫ˧
һһЦ̫Ӵ̫ϵЦݣʱס飬һֻӬһѿ


2384 
࣬ʵһܸӵ顣
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2386 Ҷĵһս
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Ҳ֮ǰǬ^Ϊλ˵׼Ķơͨħһ£֮ıָľһ㡣
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񣬶Ը󼫴
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оԽսʱԽ࣬еĿͽҲԽߡ
Ϊս֮ʱͨտԼԼ˫֣Ѿ޷õƽ±ֻܼƮۡ
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2388 Ĵҳ
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ѪҪͳ˧֮򺣾Ԫ˧Ҷ棬¾˧μʣ
ΰ֮£ҶͳӰķϥأһɾ˧Ҳ׷״ΰݡ
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Ҷ棬ħΧ֮£Ͷ·αţʲвɱħԭܺɳݵ
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ٽĽʿǣɱħ帹УҲҪɱʮٱ֮ħ֮󣬲Գ֪֮½ʿʧ֮ӼС
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Բоɱħİ࣬ħ帹أѾ湦޳ͷһڶ湦
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򺣾ķԣԼ򺣾ͳ˧λ
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һ֣׼ǰǧöָСɽһѻ
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2389 ȫ
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Ҫǿݳǣħ壬ǹ˴֮ܵء
Ŀǰռ֮Уħ̫¹ռһ֮أħ̫Ӵƹռһ֮أ̫һ壬ռһ֮أʣݣȫħʶ̫׷յĳɹ
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׳ȥħʣҲû취ı䡣
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ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣҶ棬Ρ
ոգյħʹڵʡ
ȻڵʶĿǰʵʲôҶȥλҲŲСӰ졣
ԣ˿ħʶ̫׷֪ħʦоԲߣܹڹڵΧҶ档
ͬһʱ̣ѪɳϿգҶոյһݼѶ
ϣȻٵͼΧ㲿֪פظصоܹܣλλýа
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ҪȻҶ֧ʮɵĴħ帹ش
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ҶЦܿͻظһǺǲˬ
֮Σγˣ
ʮ
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뾡һа취Χ˴Ĳж켣
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ĿǰĸΧ˴ж켣ͲѾܹ֪̽鱨ˡ
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ʩչֶεҶ棬ͻȻͿĿǰλħ񹬴ʦһһ顣
ϣһˣܹ֪߲̽ϼӳĻᣡ


2390 쿪
˵ʵҶ飬Ҷһ
뷨ǳĴ󵨣Ҷ֮ǰû
ǣȴˡ
ˣ˳ɣΪɹĿԷǳ
ħ̫»ħ̫ӴΪӦһ֪ħжܣ޵Уӳ졣
ľ彨顣
ĺܴ󵨡
ߵɣ뷨κ˵һۿ֮Աǡ
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СͨѶŲϵһ£ܹϵħ̫Ӵƣҡ
Ҷеٵ򣬸㿴֮󣬾´
Ҳûκεɻʱȥ
죬ΪҶұۣţЩ飬ѹ޷ǵġ
ˣ֪ҶħӦֻ֪˭ˡ
Ҷ˹ţħսūӪͳȾ
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ˣںɳУһ²ħΪħǧ߰ʮˡ
ǧ߰ʮ˵Уİˣģȫкڵĸϵħ塣
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ЩյħūһôҪѵһγս
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Ҷ˵ͷʱΪγսѵУԱɣϧ
˷ģһѵøһԵħū׹Щħū̵ܹʱγսħսūӪͳȾ˵
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ħȫͬ塣
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Ҫɱ¾ΪշģҪӣǸ˻ǼΪֶζá
ǣħڣȫһ
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ħ֮ǰһ

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ܻκģ
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Ҷħأߣɱ⡣
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ңϽɴܹĲƻУҶˣһССֶΡ
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ǣȥ졣
뿪֮ţͻȻ괫Ҷ㱨
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ţеԳһ֮С磬ȻҶռˡ
Ŀǰ½½֮Сıħū۵ĴĿȻ߹ʮ
ǱϣǴߵ²ֻ˶ѣȫܶȵİ£Ҳֻ˧۶ѡţ˵
ס£ֻ֣ܼκˣҶ涣һ䡣
ף
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2391 ̸ϵв
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ڣҶ棬Ȼ˵һҪޱȵĽ
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һıЩͶĴССıҪЩµıռܵݿء
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ң̫Ӵƺܿ϶ҪҶϵλ磬λ磬һġ
ã֪ҶԪ˧Ҫô֪ħʦѾȾ˾


2392 滰Ƚ
֪ħʦǣԼ֪ħʦߺ̵ս۹⣬˺Ļ֮£һж̸ĺ˳
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ЩĿǰħɳ֧ʮоܹµľ
ΪرҶвڽľжУʶͶħʶ̫׷յǰɱ¾
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ͬʱͶħʶ̫׷յ鱨鱨̫Ӵṩ
һεĺҲǿͷԼ
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֪ħʦϵͨҶʱصϵ֪ħʦ
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ʱ̫׷ڶ֮Ƽ£ò˶ãܵ춨յʤܾ֡
£Ҿ͵ȥһ϶̫׷յĺˣ˳̫ӵһѣƽǵʵڲĶ֮ȥںȥ
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ħ̫ӴƲȻŭиոյ÷ͬʱʢŭ֮£̫ӴƻҪֱӷǾ˫ϵõСͨѶŲ̡
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ڼ䲻ݷ֮ʣ֪ħʦǾСͨѶŲ̴̫Ӵƽŵ˳
ŷŭŤ̫Ӵƣ֪ħʦ̫ӵ£Ҷ棬˵ȷʵ滰滰ҲȷʵȽˣ
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һɲǣ̫ӴƺϣǸĶţŭĽ̵֪ܶħʦߺӰӡ
Ҷȼŭ˲Ϣɢ˾ǱһЩή
ףƲˣ
̫Ӵ͵վıֱŷս⣬˫Ŀб˺˵Ĺ⻪һᰴԼҶ˺Ҳᾡսյ춨ʤ֣Ҷı飡
״֪ħʦЦšƣ־۲ӣʦص̫ӵ¡ƣ

˧ħ̫ӴƵĺǳˣ
һ⽻ΪµĲıţȫۿȫ̲롣
Ҷ̸ĺȴһеĸо
򺣾¾ħ帹أħ帹ɱ¾ʱ̵նɱħˣڽŲƸڷħļ԰
ǣħδĿħʽӰˣȻǽӴ֮չҪͨ籨ţܾͨ顣
ת۵Ĺһ֮ǰṩľͼϸ˲屶ܱͼѾ˹
һУһּȵĲʵĸо
£ֱ̫ˡ
Ҫû˭Ҹܻ𳵵Ļӡ
ǱҲñɣ
ǣ˿̣ȴķˡ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷˡħ̫Ӵṩ鱨Ҳȫš
ɱʦ֮˵ɶʱͿһѡĿǰΣֻҪһΣԻȫûǱС
ͷ֮ʣüͷȴǽ˧˵Ҷǣħ̫Ӵṩ鱨ħڲľ»ܡ
ǾСģҲ޷ֱαǴ͡ҲǼܱҵĶҲ޷ֱٰ
ԣҶٺһЦ¶˼թޱȵЦݣԣ㻹Ҫȥϵһˣ
˭
ħ̫£

㾪֮࣬Ҷ⣬ȴϷӦˣ붮
λյħ̫鱨ǿԻ֤
ſ첽뿪ȥϵ㣬Ҷ۶Ǻȱ˶̫׷յĺȣôţҲø̫ӴƵһְ
һ𶷣ǲŽ


2393 뿪
УһŨŨѪζ
գħʶ̫´ƺݳǣħڴܵĵ˺һ⡣
ħ幥ռĴܵѴ֮ħʶ̫׷ֹƲռѴݣ
һʱ䣬ħʶ̫׷տν緢
Ψһϧǣڰޱȣָ֮Ųо˲ޱȵս֮Ƹ֮ǰὣնɱȫҸ棬ȻвѪƴһˡ
νң
Ѫ͸
֮󣬾ϴɢŨĻѪζ
Ѫζħʶ̫׷ȴǼΪϲ
ζħʶ̫׷տһζ
ÿᵽζ鿺
ԣһγԼ֮󣬶̫׷վֱӽָӴӪ
˿Ѿ˶̫׷ָġ
˿̣̫׷յ飬ȴôá
ڣһĸߴͷħѪɫǹڵţħħʶ̫׷ǰ
ѪɫǹڣֻħҲħַصĻ֮һҪɣһâǳ
ħѪɫǹϵ׺ŵǳĶ٣ϽعģС
ħڣŴħ񹬵֪ħʦλƷһΪ㣬
ѪɫǹڣΪ
ʸѪɫǹڵħƷë۽ǡ
ħʶ̫׷һҲһشСĺݵѪɫǹڣȴֻǡ
ǰλͷѪɫǹڵţħħڣѾӵһ鲻Сء
Ѫɫǹڣܹʿʮ
ħڣֻͨϵħ壬ܱΪʿ
һܹʮʿħλѾˡ
˿̣λţħȴһļŭ
̫ӵ£֮⵽ϴɱƹصͷǱնɱ
ұϸϻȥҪˣص˿ڣ¾ʣ˶ˣ̫ӵ´У
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ħʶ̫׷յȭ߬ĽģΪλţħ뿪ʹ뿪ľС
λţħ˵ĻٴλЧţţħ˵ģֻҪʧơ
ڣĺңԶ
ħܲͬ
ħȻҲһͳһȨȨеڷַƣеĲơ
СÿñսʱҲһ´֮󣬸
ĿǰΪսʮоܹµĴʮħŴܵȽƶȲϵѧϰڲϵζ֮£Ųġ
ǻħ񹬵ֵ֧¡
ǣֲַƣħŬ֮£Ҳû
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һĳ˥䣬ֻػ£ܱߵĲھӣͻѸٻǣλɵĵѪʣ
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ʵϣ⵽ֵĻЩµħ壬ҲԳΪսʿ
κεҪ̲أҪ޴Ĵ۵ġ
ԣ£ǰȫġ
κΣأħ帹صҶĹ¾
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شһ
ɱһ֮Ҷһ̯ӣͶˡ
ӵϢλţħͿҪˡ
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£ȥ
ʿתأסµҲܴŬӪ֮£лᶫɽ
һȥˣؾͻᱻ׹Ϸ֣ʱʲôûˡ
ҲͻԶʧȥħڵλԶʧȥ֮λ
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̫׷ûڣţħͳҲ£ٰһݣתȻ뿪
£뿪Ҫö̫׷յɡ
Ƕ̫׷յʹ͸һء
ߴţħԽԽԶħʶ̫׷ŭޱȡ
ձ֮󣬶̫׷ɢ˽߬ȭͷеķŭһε̾
ǰȥȡ裬չ
л̫ӵʹͣϾ̫ӵ¾ǰЧ
ԶԶģţħٰ֮󣬷뿪
ħʶ̫׷մ˿̾ʧȥ˹Ǽһ͵ػȭͷʮˣ
ʮˣҶ棬ΪʲôרͶЧ̫ӵ֣
̫׷շŭʱ򣬾
ħʶ̫׷͵վ𣬡Ҫ𣿡
ĵ˵ͷ̫׷յ鶸ر
ЩͶЧҪ뿪ûֹġ
ҪֹǾڷŭ
ħڣÿһȨӰ󣬵ȴֲܿ
һλûлֺ֧ӵ̫ӣǲܵϻλġ
̶Ĺ
ʮλ뿪Լʮö̫׷շĽ
ʮλ뿪ʮԣ㲻˽ǣǳȥҪˡ
أħʦأû𣿡̫׷ż׷
ˣ̫ӵżˡ
ռ䲨У֪ħʦƾճУһУħʶ̫׷շʣ֪ħʦһ̫ӵ£ôô
ʲô
̫׷һ˾ʳĻһ˳ȥ˳̫׷վ;ˡ
⣬Ѫɫǹڻζͣʮһڲͣš


2394 ħʦı֤
ǡǾҪʲôָˣ̫׷ǿȶԼʮλͷѪɫǹڵħ˵
ЩħССûлش𣬵Ƕ̫׷ȻĳֲõԤУ֪ħʦüͷǽһȻҲ²⵽ʲô
ǰߵλħҴҵĳŶ̫׷մ̫ӵ£ǵõĿǰ徳ŰĴӣȻصܱߡ
һ̣죬أͻᱻ֧ơ
ԣΪ⣬̫ӵ´У
ԣ̫׷üͷһ壬ҶĴѾǾ֮񣬶Ѿɳ·ʮ֧˾Χ׷½أվܽ𡭡
£ǶĲ𰡣ؿǵĸҲ洫ĻҵҪظǰļλһƣʬǣ¶Ҳ˰ԣֻ̫ӵ´У̫ӵ½⣡
λħ̬ȣüȵļ
£̫׷Ҳ޷ǿֻʾ֮뿪
һ뿪ִʮ
Щֻڣ̫׷ٵ⣬ǰۼʮλҴ˿̻ϵ۹
λǻ㼯ʲôޣˣº֮󣬱̫Ӿ칦һΣ
ղײգͽ쿪ɡĳԤϵĶ̫׷գתעֲõԤб
ǣЩɲʡ͵ĵƣɲһ;תעġ
ͷһͷѪɫǹڵħˣ֣ˣʵҲ´еġ
׼ٹأ֮ǰЩһɱ¾ʧȥڸ
һʱдӦңĹĿȻﵽʮλ
⣬ѾǶ̫׷ͶĿһˡ
˲Ϣ䣬̫׷յɫͱѿޱȡ
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ҪЩ뿪Ŀǰͷͽ⵽ޱĴ
Ҫ֪ħһϵĴĿ֮ǰн
½½սټѪӽرҶӵʮĿǰµֱֻʣ
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ǣҪǰʮȫˣߵĴͲʮ򣬶һʮ
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˵ãҪһ֮ߡ
ħʵԮỺңԶû¹Զˮⲻ˽ʡ
һò׵춨Ķƣͻɥʧ롣
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ǵأĿǰҶĹ¾ԶҶ֧¾Χڼȫż̫׷˵
ǣ̫ӵ¡ͷѪɫǹֹö̫׷һ
лֱ˵ڱ̫ǰ¡
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õŵһҧͺ˵̫ӵ£Ϣ˵¾ĳλ̫רͶЧ˶̫ӵµ֡
ڵΧ˴ʱǲΧ˳ɹģǵأȴڶԷĿ֮ڣԣǱ뾡ϻأ̫ӵ
̫׷סˣ֪ħʦҲһ¡
Щ˵ǻûע⵽һ㡣
ϸϸһǰ֮⣬أȫͶЧµء
˲Ϣ䣬̫׷յĸͽҧһ
ֵܡֿܡ
ȻпܣֿܣҪΪϵģ򣬾ͻֻţʱҪ뿪ľͲʮλǸͶЧ
λģħһ㶼棬ô뱰
޿ܣ
ǣǰǶ̫׷ռ仰ܺߵġ
ûʵĻ˭˵
գ֪ħʦ˱֤
λģħȻ֪£Ѿɳһ֧ɵʦɵľɱ飬ȥΧˣŲվͻյϢ죬죬Χ֧о
ã죬Ǿٵ죡֪ħʦŵһҲԷġ
ǣħʶ̫׷еļɫȴǸŨˣһڶ뿪ͼק֪ħʦ˴


2395 ع֮·
ק֪ħʦߺ˴ִһ磬̫׷˫Ŀ͵ɵĹԲ׹䡣
Żعζ
ҶһоزģΧ׷½֮£ȻӰӶûţˣרͶЧҵ֡
Ҫ˵ûڼ͸¶飬Ҷţ
壬ߣɺޣһﾹȻɥĲˣ̫׷սԼȭ߬İȰ졣
ȷʵˣҲҶвװйϵõģȻȫǴܵ˧ۣоٶѾ۷ͨڵķٶȣ̫ǿˡ֪ħʦ˵
㻹Ǳ֤죿첻ܽҶ˸Χˣⲿ¾Ҫ߹ˡ
ʱҿཨƣҪһɥˡ̫׷յĵ
Ҳ֤ھͻ߹ඣʱ䣬㹻ˡ
෽Χ֮£ȻҶڵĴֻҪħ񹬵ĵɱܹҵҶĴλãǾˡ
ǣ廹ͨУпܽħ񹬵ɱСӵλãͨҶˡ
ҲҼת̫ӵµԵʡ֪ħʦ¶Ȼмڴˣصϣ֪ħʦһεɱСӵĶӳһְ
ҽȥӣȥѰɱҶв
ڣȱɱĵʦ֮У̫ӻ̫ӵ֣Ҳͨţ
һ̫׷оʢҪǾ̫ˣֻˡ
̸࣡²˳٣͸ȥϵص㣬ЩħʮħȻˡ֪ħʦ˵

ͷ֮ʣռһ󲨶֪ħʦʹʧ
ħ֪ħʦϵ֪ħʦᾫһռͨطԷ֪ħʦҲ⡣
һʱ֪֮ħʦѾ뼯ָصʮħϡ
ЩħΪ͵ģҲǵ۷壬λȻǵڵĴڡ
ʵνˡ
һִɲǣ֪ħʦһ䣬纣Ԫһһߵɱ⣬ֶڳħʦˡ
Ҷ֧в徳ɱ¾µ˿ڣȻǧ
Ϊ˴˴εɱκ⣬ж֮ǰһɾϣ֪ͨĽ
ĿһһʮλħɨЩƽǰĵħǣ׷ͷ㷡
Ӵ˿ɱжĿʼ֮ʱˣϾκζϵ
κˣ˵κˣֻҪϵˣǼλ̫ӵϵҲɱ⣡
ҽˣһ֣Ϊū
𣿡֪ħʦžζɱ⣬һһɨ
龰ɱеĲͷΪ֮Ȼ
żϡϡӦ֣֪ħʦͶϺһ
ͬһʱ̣һնɱ׳²ʰɹҶ棬üͷ
򣬷ֱħ̫ħ̫ӴƣʱӣҲࡣ
ħɳһ֧ɵħɵʮ˵ɱСӣǰҶĿǰܵѰҾѻҶĴҶСġ
ʮħ𣬶Ҷԣ¡
ҶߵĵǸߴһʮˣҪټʦηɰסͨۻԡˣĿҪһʮˡ
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ǣףȫնɱɾͷǳˣ㸶ǳľ޴ĴۣҲﲻ
ңҶڵ裬һ֧ϣ˷Χ˴λźţòһʱҶͻذΧ֮С
ԣԴˣҶҲǳӡ
̫̫Ӵṩλã֧ħɱ飬Ҷλãһ֮⣬׼Ҳð졣
żȣ
Ѷ̫̫Ӵƣÿһʱͨһ֧ɱλá
ȥҶüͷȴɽš
ħ񹬳ɱ飬һǳõźš
Ҷ֧вѾħ񹬵ע⡣
֮ǰҶɱ¾ʮಿ䣬ħʹǱߣҲֻǽҶ浱ɽ޺֮
ֻҶΪңſʼǿΧˡ
˿̣ħ񹬵Ĳ֣ȴһźšħҶӣѾﵽһǰδеĸ߶ȡ
֮Ҷ֧¾ħ帹صĴĴԽԽѡ
ʱӦÿǻع֮·ˡҶ˼
ͻȻ䣬ţҴææĸ˹ͷ󺹣ˣװˡ
ʲôװˣҶȻ
ȵūװˡţ˵
ʲô֮Сˣ
Ȼ֮£ҶʱϵԪ鰢󣬸һϵԺʹԪ鰢ıԹ
һʮˣ
ҵҶү㶼Ҷһʮˣҳű𣿡
һʮ˿ھװˣ㲻˵װ𣿡ҶȻ
Ԫ鰢ʱͱüҵԭ㲻ҵҶү
Ž˵طӡҪľطӡȫ⿪ˣ˵һʮ򣬾һǧһǧܹ࣬װ¡
˺ˣ֪ˣҶæԪ鰢ıԹ
ҴҸ͹콻һһͻ˾鱦ʮԪ鰢Ԫ
Ԫ̵ʱ䣬ӡ˵ص꣬Ȼȥ


2396 ΧȦ
ϣҶЩʹüġ
̶̰֮ڣһʮħشūŲƳҶԪķǳ
Ԫĵɡ
ҲҶɫԪ飬ҪȻҶĿǰԪ޷ڶʱڽһʮȵūͳ
û취Щ֯ĸոսŵūһ
ҶµĴֻҪҶһͨ´ڼ̵ʱڳ飬ѹĵҶԪ
ЩޱȡȲȶĸմħȳūȫһ
Ŷ̶̰ʱϾͶһʮ죬ܹܳճüͷ˴֡
Ŀǰ£һʮˣеѾ
һٹҶÿգæĻϣһʮδã
˵ֳ꣬Ĳһ䣬ϣ󣬵볤ʱ䰲һʮˣºѡ
Ҷüͷ̧˳һۣʱͺóմһս˭˵ҪڶЩˣ
͸Ǿϣ̴һʮˣԴħǱ߹ū壬壬͵ְǱԻ˽ա
ⰲţʱͳһ
һ㣬ҪסЩҴܵѰգԲūԴ
͹УʳˮҪ㣬಻̫ӵ͹˹࣬ߣ
ҶһߣͺóմһսƲҡ
·һӦģԴӶеĲƻ֧ȡ
һУҶ沢û뿪Ǿ͵ϵһɹԱýհЩū׼
Ȼ˵ҶЩĴܰƽݣǼǵУҲиħ֮ˡ
ϣЩˣūˣﶼūԡ
ԣЩˣȻδ𽥻ع
ҶЩţҶķڣֻܹ꣬Щ˿ڡ
ȱħū۵ĴܰգʵԼأҲҶļƻ֮һ
ҶĿǰλˣҲˣ֮أֵ˿ٵ¿
ԣ˿ڳʵأðǡ
ҲҶΪһʮ˿ڣԶ鱦ʮԪ챦תһ˱ԭ
ҪռڿգټݽЩū۵Ĵܰա
ʵҶ֧¾Ļع֮··ʵҶռˡ
ʮôͨռ䣬ɰԪʩչŲƣֱӴħ帹ӳ죬Ҷ·ع֮·
ҲҶЩħ帹ݺصĵ֮һ
ǣ·ǵ򲻵ѣҶǲõġ
Լ鷳ʮǣ޷һ̬תܣҫˣ
ԣҶһԴȫ򺣾ĻؼҵĻת֮·
ȻǰȶһħĵħɱΧˡ
ȻҶץʱ䣬һУת򺣾֮أѾһʱ֮ʱˡ
Ҷϵʱ򺣾Ѿ˽ӣձձ࣬װָ͸ص͸ء
кһţԪ鰢ţȳūռ͡
Ҷ׼ټ㡢졢һĽ·ߡ
ûҶټȴȼһصĸ˹ҶЩ⣬ôˣ
˧˵⡣ѹ˧֮ǰ̫Ӻ̫Լһʱͨһ֧ħɱλˡ
ʱ䳬ˣû鱨
Ҵһ£߶˵ĿǰҲû֧ħɱλá
˧˵᲻һﷴˮֿǣ㵣ĵ
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˵̫¸̫ӴƷˮô֧¾ĴüȵΣա
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һСèͳҶǰȥ͡ѲҾܱʮһж̬
ͨ͡СèͨԽԤΧܱʮǶʮʮ
һ㣬Ҷ֧¾ħΧҪ֮һ
˧ǣʾ
ϸоһͼһ֮ļħؽ
˧⼸ƺ½Ͷ̫ӴƵļλħذɣ鱨̫ṩء˵
û
Ҷ˵ͷȻһжĿ꣬
̫ӴûпǣǴ˿̶жչʾ̫ӴƣǼȻԿӶ̫׷գĺˡ
һԿҲĺȡ
ףȨҪǲúøṩ鱨ʱԿ
˵䣬Ҷصһȭǰľͼϡ
ȻԶԣΪҶҪ̫ӴƵأû뵽ȴǶ̫ӴƵ֡
ֱ̬ˡ
ˣϷʮĵطλнٶȼĵħǵĽƺѰǵټ͡
ԤִܹҶʵ
ʱᳬһʱ
ͻȻ䣬͡һ䣬˧ˣǶʮﴦ෢ĵ󣬻һ֧ģʮҵĴУ
˧ĸ򣬾ħ٣ǵľʮﵽʮﲻȣħĿ֧
ϢҶ䣡
˰ΧȦ


2397 
ÿо
Σң
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ĿǣѾֵĸһ֧Χ˴֧Χ˴У֧ħľӣսһ㣬оٶȲᳬһʱ
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Ҷ浣ĵǣ֧ɳ˷ľľֶӡ
ЩҶȫ䱸˧۵оٶȣɰѡ
Ĵ󻼣ȴһĵħɵСӡ
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ҪǣһǳҪĿܡ
ħѾҶвĴԼλǾλá
ΣǺпܵġ
ϾǰռأҶ沢ûʱȫɱ
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ħ̫»̫Ӵƣթħ帹أԷ̼ܼΧ˴
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ͻȻ䣬˵Ŀ뿴Һ󷽣Һǧ⣬ǸӦ˼΢Ŀռ䲨
һ䣬͵תǸ
Ǹϵ֮ԭֻ˼΢Ŀռ䲨
λħüѿóСͨѶŲϵ
Ҷ֮ǰ뿪ðŻħضռ䲨ҵޱȵ
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ոմгץŵǱҪ⣬͵ըʮλ鼫ʵĵħӵ
֪ħʦ೤һĨһѶͷĺˮռͨһ˸·ãŴ·Щˡ
ղŲһ㣬ЩŲסˡ
ãԭܸϵʱ䣬̵˰ʱ
Ϊ˸Լ̷ħʶ̫׷֪ħʦҲƴˣֶξ
һΣҶĲв϶ܲ˰ɣ
˼䣬ͻȻ˸ոյ֮ǰɳȥľͨռͨǰΧµĵħ
ѵϢˣ
һɲǣȴûԤϲѶǵоƶߵϢ֪ħʦɫ䡣
ⲻܣ
죬
ŭһ֪ħʦ൱鱨Ҷڵλã


2398 Ҷľ
أ
˭ңҶʮȥˣ
ȫ˧ۣҲý˧ۣӴһӣ˵ʧʧˣ˭ԭ򣡡
ʱΧ˵֪ħʦ࣬һɨǰ̩ɽǰɫȣԵЩܻ
ܱʮʮ֧Χ˴ٸɵǿѰСɵİΧȦȻ˵ӰӶûз֡
Ψһջ񣬾һŵĿռ䲨ˡ
˭˭©Ϣ֪ħʦĿһһʮλħ񹬵ħɨ
һڵħһľȻһĲм
ˣļ֮£ûϵ磬˲ˣ㷢ʲô
飡
ϸҲ飬֪ܱͨ߷Բ֪ܱͨ߷ԲǣǷִҶоħͣԻħ
֪ħʦֱԼȨ޷Χڣ´͡
Уǽ
찡
֮ǰĳŵȫΪǰһνʮþȵΧˡ
ȴҶӰӶûм
ҶЩֳĽƻͻδ֮ڣٴΧµҶĻ
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츳ͨǬĪĿռ䣬һЩĿռ䡣
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ﻹǻˣֻҪͬ⣬ɳ롣
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ǣҪúõǣȻʱսǵĶ֮·
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һϿգĵڹģع·ߵҶ档
˧̫Ӵ̫ƣȺҪҪԶԻҪһΪ
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˷ϵҶ棬ֱڣҶŸӦ
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ǣôҲΪǺãͶЧǵһû꣬⵽ħʵĻɸħ񹬵Ļɣ
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ҶЦţ̫Ӵṩħüͼһָ
ȥ﹥ɱλ̫ӵһƣôҲ͸棡


2399 ܹܵ
ʱѾ֪ħʦ뿪ĵˡ
ڶɹޱȼ尾֮ħʶ̫׷յµϢ֮һ
֪ħʦඨµڣԳûԼҶΧߡ
ڸոյõҶھİŵΧӶݵӰٵʱ򣬶̫׷յͷģ켱ˡ
ҶȥɱϮͶЧأҶרͶЧ̫׷յԣͻ᳹ʵ
̫׷տԿ϶ĿǰͶЧٻߵһ룬֮
Щҿµƣͻһˮٴλع鵽յϡ
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£ҶвûбΧߣ̫׷µĴСҲˣҲû뿪ˡ
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֪ܹܿƽĿǰΣ̫֮׷սĿ⿴оܹģʱ˿ֻ̣ܼսޱȷḻоܹΣֵİ취ˡ
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Ļ˵ͷѵ𣿡
һԣ֪ħʦЦΣȴҴˣţǼˣ


2400 ··ͨ

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վڸոչռ˿ǵУħ̫ӴƱոյҶıף޲˺Ҷ档
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Щ֮⣬гһ󴮲嵥
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ҶҲ˵ĺܼ򵥣㿴Ű죬в֮ײ
ҪǲҾתµˡ
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2401 ֪ħʦĴ
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Ҷһļٵһһָո³ɲǣǰһСèŴ͡Ҷͷ
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һϾͿȷ֮λ֮ľ棬Ǵܶԣǻ¡
񣬶̫׷յ¶պߣԣ̫׷յµǴܵġ
ԣߵļ룬ҶıĿǰѪϴԡ
һ֪ħʦɫһ䣬ΣȴǶҶȻ𾴣ҶԪ˧Ĺʿڣܣӣ
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ңҶʴɱħ帹صʱȫѾΪ׼
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ɲǣˮȨİͬʱ
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2402 ֮Ӣ
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ٶһΣίʵҶϡ
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ҪҶĴҪϰľԼ̫µ̫ӴƵµͨ籨ţҪҶɹûгɹĿԡ
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ħĹ棬Ŀǰֵһᣬ


2403 վ
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֪ħʦܹۣҶת̫̫Ӵء
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2404 ֮
ħ徳ƫϲһͺ֪ħʦֱͨܽݵϹŲڵء
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ֻҪпڣ¶Էռһ˵ϹŲá
˵⽭ݣڴܾڣֻҪҶͨϹŲȥǾǷַӵ顣
ǣǰ
⽭ݣλζǡþԭռĽʮ֮һ
Ŀǰ⽭ݣԭͳΡ
˵ҶҪǹ룬ǸͶûʲô
Ҷұ֤ҪݣǱߵȴģϰ
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ֱӴ߶󷨣ӡ
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ͷңɴ棬ƳȹŮӣһ֣Ǵһ˵Ŀ˹ȥ
ĻΣעĿģȴǷʡ
ģȴǿɼıɽƶ˵ĹȻĵһʶס˺


2405 ĺ
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һ·ϣǵŮǰˣŮ٣׳ʿ׷·
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Ŀע£Ůܱ˸ĵǹꪵע£ֱǩѺ
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ԭὭħȻûйȻ죬ϣȴѾڻΡ
磬ƾὭħʼĿǰѾ鼰ʮڵļϹŲͬʱرյͬطŲͨ
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ǩѺܱǧʿǧãȻһ¶֮ɫֱǰһĻȻ

ᣬտڣһֱҲ˵Ųʱ䣬Ҫ˻ǡ
ֱ磬ŮͻȻƲǰֱƿ᷿ţ᷿ڣǿ
Ǿɲǣ΢ɲԪ鲨һˡ
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Ůһ٣ŮС
ŮаָһΣһö
ͬһʱ䣬Զڼǧ֮ķҶеһöҲ׵ը˷顣
ˣ
ڵȴҶ澪ϲһͨеʱϹŲŲ
䣬ϹŲǱߣͨҶ
һ׼Ųƣ
ʮ˿νŲ֮ʱҶߵһԵȺĵȨİԼľ˧졢֣ʱˡ
Ȩִｭ֮Īţһ˳Ȼݣ춯ʱκˣҪ¿ϹŲֻκΪһҪ
ҶĽ⻰ǸȨ˵ģҲǸ컹֣ʱʮԻΪռ
˧ģ¾ҲؽϹŲ󣡡һļᶨ
Ҫ嶯ǹȥ֮һжֹµģһʱͷҾͻȥ
ȥɣ󣡡
֮һҶĿ·ɿϹŲ󷨹⻪ʼ˸
ҶĶڣҲϴ˴ܱ͡κ״Ļ㱨
ֱǴʮʧҶһֱŵģŷ
û壬һ
򺣾£԰ȫؼˡ
Ҷ治֪ǣµϹŲʼŲƵһɲǣոմŴȲݳǵ֪ħʦһֱһҲʹ˱顣
ɲǣ֪ħʦම۾Ŀ⿴һԾħʶ̫׷ա
̫ӵ£Ѿ˷ص׵ϹŲȻʼŲơ
ʱҶµĴͻ᳹׳롣
ԣһֱڵȴϢĶ̫ظĳһȻˣǾϵǰЩδͳǻڰ·˿̻ع飬Ҫ̫ʱ䣬ܻ
ţ£׼ϰȥƾûʧҲֻһ֣п϶вٹߡ
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˵̫꣬׷ɫһһΣ˴ʧҪϹ·Ҷ뿪ֱ̫ˣպһҪһ
Ȼ֪ħʦóһСŲ̣˿̣һСȴȸ̫ӵ³һڶ˵شҶ
̫׷ԶһϲףʲôСô
Եȣ¾ͻˣ֪ħʦ˸ӡ


2406 Ͷ
Ժʱֵ峿ʾһҹµ系̤˴˸
ǵڵǿߣһҹȫעǧԸֵҲһƣ֮С
棬ֱоƣ;ȥ
촫ŰɡٹԶź档
ΪڵǿߣµĲʳҲûκ⡣
ǣżһ¿ڸ֮ȴǳ֮¡
ȥһȴԶһöй
һĻðüͷһ壬Щˬ
˭ҪҲܲˬ
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˿æ͵һᣬ´ţ糾ȴˣˣ㽻Ĳκ״¶Ҫһʱ͹һСͨѶŲ󣬷򡣡
ޣ
üͷһɣ鶸һ
ǼСͨѶŲһ㶼ϵһϵܾżĹذ
һУͷɵ˰糵Уɲǣ糵ɫؾ䡣
ʲôҶ漰򺣾ͨϹŲִｭŲ󡣡
Ϣֱ֮
Ҫô˵Ҫš
ǣսϵħ֪ħʦϢͲдˡ
ٲ˼飬Ҳд
Ժĵ飬ϼᣬ׼
󣬰¼һӸ棬ϣ͸ԭ
ܱݵ۳һʥأյĵһʱ䣬ȫݷ򣡡
ҴҶȥ֮ʱͬڹĶԭڿ糽֮󣬻ؾվ
Ҷ򺣾ִｭݣ
˼Ϣ֮ԭط˺˵ЦȻͶ
ôһˣͲҪˣ
˼˼Ϣһʹԭİͷɳ

ϹŲ󴦣ǧ䣬ܱߵȴͨеǧλˣ˿̾˯һ㣬ûκζ
ֻнϹŲĹ⻪һһģŽϹŲڽŲ֮С
ͨ˸⻪һӳͷʱ䣬ܽԶһ˵ϹŲŲƹ
Ȼ˵ΪԭὭħһŲִͨǿ̲ȣϹŲΪԶŲƵݵĽͨʽ˿ɲϵ˽뵽׼ǩѺŲˡ
ЩһٹϹŲķΧ¶Ȼ֮ɫϹŲܱ˶۵·˯ģ̫ˡ
Ǿ֮ʣڵͿֵӰͻһٴ˲Ϣ˯
ʱһϢһϢţǰӦҶĳֹҲִϹŲϵȴҶĳ֡
ȻҶһֱ磬δ˼Ũ
ɴµĳֹҧӣзһ˿ڴ
һΣҶǰϹŲӦ򺣾ֹͺԥĴӦˡ
ӦѡҶþá
еѡҶǲ볤ֹðյġ
ϿҶ·ܶࡣ
֪ͨ˾Ԥ˽Ӧ׼ల˽Ӧ
ǣҶ治ҡ
ԭ۾ὭϣdȻ֧֣˵̬ȵλλڳйϵҲǴڡ
ʱأ˵Ǵܳ͢Ҷ濴͸ɸûʲô
ҶƣҪ˽ӦǾ׼ֻѲ˾
½Ӧ˻ûг鱨ͻԭİͷ
һãҶĴִｭ֮Եľ´Ϯ
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Ҷ룬ֻҪȫִｭݣҶ򺣾ľͻٶȣԭû׼£ԭΧûκġ
ϾҶ򺣾ľԭͨĲӣû׷ϲصġ
ϧǣԶõģǲڶ
ڳֹĬĬļȴҶ汻ŲƹʱԶͻȻ˵ͳ̺ɱĹĺ
óֹһ䣬óǴܴĹĺ
ʱݵĴܽᣬҪʲô
˼䣬ٵϢλĴ£شԶٹ
ϹŲУξڣϹŲֻ׼׼зߣɱۣ
ŭ߳ɲǣͷĵѾ嵽ϹŲϿա
ۻɱϢϯϹŲϢ֮£ϹŲܱ߷·˯ŵˣ׷Ǳѹһ͵ˡ
ϹŲУξ˸ϹŲ͵شһ飬֮ǰһС
ָųֹŭŮ
ˣŮŮƭеϹŲ
ŭϹĽݳǵضκУξ͵شһսæָųֹȵŮŮͻȻ֣˵ƭеϹŲ
ضκ۾һ飬ǰŮƻǱ֣Ĺ졣
ʱ˿̣Ѿ벻ôˣΪǰһĻ󶼶ԭĽ̫ˡ
Ǵ󶼶Ľѣµɱ뽭ڳǣ֪
ң˿̻ü
ȥܴŮҷɱ⣡һ֣κһͳ˳ֹ
ͬһɲǣԶĺפڽݳǵĶʮɱڵŽϹŲΧ˹
ͬһʱ䣬ݳפӪڵʮҲ𿪸˽ݳϹŲ


2407 ֮
нɽǵǿҲ⡣
ԭĽݶκɲǣλҵλǿߣ˳ͨĹ˳ֹּ
˻ԶǵĹľ磬ը죬ܱ߸ɫ֮ס
ǣֹǼᱡɴ˿ȴ·ɽһ˿
λǿߵȫֹδ˵ĹϮκҲǲ첻ѣλĵǿߣҲȻ
ȻȻڷĹ˿
ۼţŮǵĹ£ͻһ⡣
ͻȻ䣬ֹˡ
һεκļµĲһţѾĵǿ߷ǿ󹥻һ֮䣬ޡ
λڽĵǿߣ۾ص˸Բ
Ҳһɲǣƽ浫̺ļ⣬ͷĺǡ
Ǽм߶ķֶΣһǰ·ֽһ˲Ϣ䣬ֲػͽǺĵɶ𣬿Ѫ硣
λǿڰУǹѪϢЩҡ
κɫ͵һ䣬׼
λǿҲǲϵĵϢԪ߶׼ٴη
˵˫У˿ȴ˼ɵ
һڣһڣ֮£ǵǿС
ǰŮޣǣȻ˵д⡣
ҲڴʱޱȵĵϢشԶӶһˣ˶Ĺͷ峿ҫ£
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ԣκһϲæƺʦҷɱŮ
һڰеĳֹķˣƺ͸ƴЦκģŮʩҴͺã
˵䣬ƺԪһһԺɳɳǧ˷˳ֹ
ƺֹü΢΢һ壬һ
ͬʱнӰεǵӰٴθ֣һţͶǵ͵һ
ǿޱȵֵǵ֮ϣȴڴڵƺһƿԪ顣
⧲֮£ƺʦһԪ鶸رֱӱӰһ¡
ӰĴһ֮ʱƺʦͻȻ䷢һ춯صĲҽԴѪ硣
Ĵ鱦֮ڵһԪ飬ֱӱǿгȻⲻڽԪֱӸһƣԪ鲻ܴŹ֡
жλʦʧɫɿǰס˲ҽеǽݷֵĵƺ
ڴʱЮһشǿߵĳֹĿⶸؿ˽ݶκ
ɫ䣬Χɱ𡭡
󵨣κ췴𣿡
κֹĶϺκ͵һ㡣
غ췴ʲô°
ҲһɲǣһöӡشӳֹзɳеĴܹӡĺϢ뷷
뷷⼧Ůߣֹ
κǴǰֹҲ
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ʼ䣬ܴϼӳֹķɳ⻪һ˳ֹϡ
ɴһȥϼԴ֮ƽĹУ
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˴ܹ壬ͨ˸ƽҪйݴģЩѾӡһ̵ڵĹ
γɵıһĹء
Щ˰ȥҪҪǣЩˣֱӰ˸ոոϹʿϹŲʿ죬Լκʿ졣
Ψһֹ
ּ·µġ
£еѫλʿ뽫죬׷׳ųֹȥɽߵݣһֹķӡ
ǣѫλоλĽ죬Ҳ׷Ǹеǣΰݳֹ
Ӧġ
ڳֹΪʲô΢û˻ȥ롣
˲Ϣ䣬ϹŲܱߣʣ˽ݶκԽݷֵƺΪʦֱûдΰݡ
ղŹֹ˿Ҳǻ̿ޱȵĴΰݳֹ
ݶκɵˡ
ȫ԰
Ǵܵĳֹ׷ԭַĳֹ
κܱԭΪݶɼԭš
ȻҲԭҪɵʲô飬Ȼ췴ʼ¡ȡ֮Ĵ¡
ǣǵڣԭû죬ֻǿħΪɣὭأԳһϵ
ǣܸ߲ζͨڸͨʿ첢
ͨʿڵĿУԭΪ˿ħ
ǣǴܵʿ죬ָǵĴ󶼶ԭǴܵĳӡ
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Ǿͱôΰݡ
ӡĹأ
ȫȥˣȴöκɵˡ
κλӣݣҪѹ췴𣿡
ֹԴż߳ڽݶκĶУȴף


2408 
ѹ췴ĸ֣Ǿһݶκ͵شһս
ת֮䣬ݶκǵľ
κ֪¼ݵ빫ˡ£ݶκͳųֹΰݡ
ݲа
󶼶ԭûĿŵ죬ֻԾὭħͼı
ݶĿŵ췴Ľգļգ
ԹͷĴá
κѹ췴ͷ󶼶ԭס
Ǵ壬ݣ
Դĺ󶼶ԭǹȻ죬ʱĲȡ
ԣʱκҲòݡ
κȥ½ĽݴҲڸ֮󣬶ȥ
ϹŲܱߣʣ¸֧Ԯķֵƺµλʦδݡ
ʦλȻԳƷ֮ˣҲ
ǣݶԼųֹȥǽӵ˰ǣôֹ
˿̣ΧҲҰ
ûд֮ǰͨħأ˫۾ŵ£ΧֹǾ͸ûʲô
һǾͻۣдͽȥ
ʱ򣬰ġ
ԣƺ˿ֻ̾Ļָƣ̬չ
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һʿ佫ɽл֮ԣŷ׷
ݶκȴżˡ
ǳֹż
˿ֹ̣һݣڵţʱš
κȴ׵ıˡ
½칥ֹµĽҲˡ
ҪǣԶĽϹŲ⻪˸ԽԽŲȻӽβ
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ӳģôһ֧Ӱ
ÿʿǱѪ̳һ㣬׵ǰغ󱳵ķ϶зڵ
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ĬȻĿ⣬Ĵһľޱȡ
Ȩİ졢֣ʱμ¡͵õҶԸڽǰһʱμֹ
Ѫµ򺣾֮ɫӳֹһ
Ҵܵʿǣӭǻؼң
һɲǣʮʿɽХĻ
ؼңԴ̤սεۣѾ߶ʱ⡣
жӵȺ򣡡ųֹһ£һڽУʮ򺣾γ󣬲г˽ܵľӡ
ʣң䱸֮Ũ
ͬʱոŲϵĽϹŲٴ˸
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Ҷµ򺣾Թ¾ħ徳ݺᣬնɱħǧƣǧ࣬ڻعܣÿһޱȡ
˭ҳǶ֣ҶԻӣ
ͬһʱ䣬µ糣󶼶ԭҲյ˸´
û뵽ȻǳֹȥӦҶˣ£²ðˡĿǰζԣư
ü˼һдһ򣬺ܿͷ˳ȥ
ҲֻԳ棬ƴ˾ˡ૵

ϹŲܱߣʱĳԽԽš
פڽݳʮȫι뽭ݳڵĶʮһ𣬲ģϹŲ½Ųƹ򺣾Χˮйͨ
ˣܱ߸дڴ󶼶ԭľϹ
ССĽݳܱߣ˿ټԭµʮɱ졣
Ҫǣ̶һʱ֮ڣ˷㼯ĵǿߣһٶʮλʦĿһ
Դ󶼶ԭ¸Ϲ֧Ԯĵʮλǧࡣ
򺣾ȻŲƹʮ򺣾ĸȻŲƹ˴룬ϣɱѹġ
ǣ۶ۼľ͸ٶ࣬ڰеĳֹһȻ
ڣڣ;Բҽ
ͻȻ䣬ݳϷնһһڵǿߴ̽˰ӣһȶޱȵĿռͨ
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ֶŮʲô㴵ˣ
˲Ϣ䣬ֹ亮


2409 һ
ּԭ塣ԭֹ֣ǰ
Դˣԭ͵Ļ˻֣ǰݣȴоֶŮ
ϵԭڳֹ⣬ΪʲôһŲʣֱӱԼ⡣
ֱӽֹĳЩ˵Ǻͼƻ˻ȥѹֹκλᡣ
һֱ֣ԭħս󶼶󶼶ĺӡ
ӡֵɲǣѾڵִĺڡڵˣɫؾ䣬ֹҲü
սһžųںڣԭȷˣڶ򺣾˿Ӧʱ䣬ֱӵյѯʡ
ԥһ£Уĩڣ
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أǾʮԭ˺ڡ
󶼶ԭ֮£һʱھȻ֪ӦԣۿŶʮλҪ򺣾ľС
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ͬʱˮΪ׵ǣվ˵Ȩİɡ
󶼶֪ؽ֮У󶼶һ棬Ҫ£Ȩʵ
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ǰȨʡڣϷҲ뼮ҶԪ˧µ򺣾һ䣡
񼧴󶼶һ棬Ҫ򺣾ĺؽһʡ
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ţˣߣɱۣ
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⻹꣬ԭĿ⿴ڶλħʿ֧ڻħϸǽκ˸Υλʿɸɱ
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˻һڳʶ֮ʿһޱȻ֮С
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˿㼧ԭȻҧһڣҧ򺣾Ҫѹ
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˾սսһšϾвʧ֮󣬲ķӴܡ
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һɲǣɽХһӦ𣬡ҵȽ󶼶
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˿̣󶼶ԭٴ
оţħս󶼶󶼶ԭʧӾԷǶ֮Ը
˿̷͵еȣԶȵһŲֻ׶񣡡
Ϊ̵ʱ֧Ѫƴеԭݣʵʩ߽֮ߡ
˵꣬ԭЩڴĿŶ򺣾
һϢϢ
ԭиһ˿⣬Ȼûе
ϢϢϢԭоͲȻôãȻһе
ֱ˼飡
ǰƽѣֻҪŵʱ߽ԷľģԷĴʿʱе
һΣȴʧˡ
Ȼ⣬ԭ鶸ת䣬Ͷȵû뵽ȾȻڤ粻飡
Ȼˣ飡ˣȺѾ

ոһߵĳֹطɳǰ
壬򺣾ǲѾǷǹоۣ廹ûʸΪѾɣֹԵ˵
ߣ£ʲôʱֵһŮ๣£
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壬򺣾¾룬ħ帹Ѿ
ԣԭЦħս󶼶һԶһӰ죡
ʮϢ֮ڣоеɱۣ
ʱ
˲Ϣ䣬оǰǴһļʱ
ʮ
ţ
ˣ
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2410 ֮
ģ

ݳǵľٶ̶ٵĵʱһͷһÿһ֣˵ͷһ㡣
ͷĸоˡ
ʱУ󶼶ԭµʮ˲ееʪ󣬴һֻУǵ
ڳʿ඼䣬һ֮£ʿʵܿš
ĴǾеľ
Ǳûκθ鲨
նɱʮϣ͵ľ䡣
ĴѷǶԷһȡʤҲǲʤ
֮£Ҷ򺣾˿̾򶨶ˡ
ħ帹µôɻָ˵ôսƷǰħս󶼶ԭһ仰͸ˡ
˭˭ɵ
ڴʱֱֻͳԼԪ˧Ԫ˧ͷϵԪ˧Ǹ֪ѷĹڵ¡

ڵʱľֳڣһĭЩš
ҲһʱﱬģһѪս
بǰĳֹƮƮ󶸵ظֳֵ飬ɢ˼ֲϢ
󶼶ԭޱ飬˹۲۾ͻ֣ᷢʱ񣬺ܽǣҲܼᶨ
죬һҪɱҶ棡
ͬʱҪ֧
һ֧عܣպûʮΧĻᡣ
һãպпشĴ
οǰⲨļ˾ǣɵһ֣ٷ²һ֣ٺò
Ͼռݴ壬ռݵĻᣬɲࡣ
ͣһϢŵͷðľ٣ٴλſڣһ֡
ҲڴʱҶĵش򺣾
򺣾Ԫ˧Ҷ棬μ󶼶
ҶΣӸոֹͣ˸ϹŲֱ˰УŴ󶼶ԭңң
ν˼棬ۺ죡
Ӽǳ㣬ѾӣպϴλͽպĴ
ǱҶŪʧȥȻѾҵʵ
ǣڻҪѪȻʧȥˡ
֮֮λѾûиļķˣԭ÷Ѿ˼ѡӡ
Ѿӵǰ;Ҷϡ
֮ǰİ٤СӣȴҶŪñ˾λ¡
ܲޡ
Ҷ棬֪ԭŭ
һ죬ŵʱľ٣͵һһ
Ѿ׼ֵĽҲһ
һԼͬһޱҪҲ
ӭҶһһ⣬˳ֹһۣЦ󶼶ԹӣҶ֮У
ߣʧѪҪѪӽأħսȫ֮ЯηǱӣԭָҶ档
һҶЦʴ󶼶Ҷ汾Ա֮ѪӾǡ
Σ֮ʣľԸ̬֮ɱħ֮УԮѪҪ
سһԮѪӽأԮ
֪Ѫӽ¹ħսȴһһ䣬ҲʮħҹΧ
Ǻε
ЩҶԭû˵ıҪʱȻЩ飬Ҫóһۣ
¹Ҷ򺣾ʮδҶˣ
ԮѾɳֻԭ֮£δʱִЩԻ½ͣǽʧ֮ܾˣ
Ҷ棬㲻µֵܣϷһ󶼶ԭ߳
һ˵
󶼶ԭɫһڣ糤ֹԣ֮𣬽ɾۣ㲿մħΪϸ룡ڣ㲿͵еҴ飡
ԣҶĿһ۴󶼶ԭܣ
Υ󶼶ľҶ棬Ҫ췴
ţ˾Ԫ˧Ҷ췴ҡҸڣһȦ۸췴ñӣֱȫҶǴ󶼶ԭʱ뷨
Ҷȴᡣ
󶼶ҶǲлҶش˷ô󶼶ԭոռݵĴݣʱûˡ
ѣ󶼶ԭֻʣкλΪα֪
򺣾ħ帹أݺħ½նɱħǧƣʤȻҪ׷սƷ
ȴ󶼶ӦҶһӾ͵ţ򺣾Ҫ׸µսƷ²ô󶼶һۣ
ǣ˧֮
һɲǣһӶʿԽڶһ飬ÿ˿һʮף׵ľ޴󳵰塣
ڣһſųħͷѻ˾Ųߵľۣ
¾ʯƣЩħͷɢųѪŨصȳζ
ԵһͷĳֵɲǣڳеʿĿ⣬ͱһħ復ͷסˡ
ˣ
һһľͷɢųѪ򺣾ʿĿ̧£ųһУǰȥ
һʮʮһٸٸ
ٰ峵ͷۣų˸ǧ׵ĳǰȥĬĬŵ˵ݸ
С˵һ峵ֻװͷٸҲħͷ
һĻֱԭɵˡ
Ҳýݶκһڽ𾪵Ըӣһٶʦڣˣĭ
ⳡ̫ˣ
ͻȻ䣬λ뿴һĻĽʿ䣬֮£򺣾Է˾
⼸˾һ𣬾ɽһоˢˢһʰ


2411 ͻɽ
νģ
ϣ˿ڽŲϵ°ΧҶ򺣾ʿһ룬Ǵħսϳġ
ЩʿħսɱԷǳħ嵽жɺޣħʵжǿж£
ҪնħͷѶȣ
Ҫ֪ħսϣܾӽº;еǿԴﵽһ
һҰս͵ˡ
ȣǶһһ
ǰħͷۣ
ٵҲħͷǧħͷ
ǧ׼նɱ˽ǧħ壡
ʲôǺպ֮
Ǻպ֮
ЩϹħսʿУһݾ޴޷ݵľ
⵱еѶȡ
֮Уʲôܾأ
ܹºպվʿ
ǰħͷ۵򺣾һ˲䣬ЩУ𾴵ˣ
һͷۣǾź
޹غ޹غΣֻǷԱܵ𾴣
ʮ䣬鼤֮£Է򺣾˾
ֻҲû뵽ǵĶ˳񳱣
һϱĴ£һħͷ۵£ϵ°Χ򺣾Ĵ㶼򺣾˾
һƣ
һ޷ܾ
иʶ⵱е⣬ֹ
ǿ¾Ŀ⣬ǵı͡
Ǹڴ˿̿£ǿȷЩЩǰһɲǼʧ
ᱻȫ
֮䣡
ӽ֮ڣӵжǿ
˿̣û˸ð֮踡
ħս󶼶ԭҲң
ʵϣ֮ոտʼһɲǣԭͷ쳣ʶʲô
ܵģԭֹ
߳ڵɲǣԭǵıͣ
ŵĺ߳ڣͻĴʧʧ
ʿӰ죬ͻ᳹׸ı䡣
ò˶ãһĻͻᴫеĴ
ҲɿøλȨͳЩʿ䡣
ǣҪЩʿЧҲˡ
ԭԤϣµĴдӽ𣬿ִܻ䣡
û취ɱħ
Ǵ֮ƣ
Ǵ˵ֵۣ
κվһĴڣڴܣ޷£ʬ޴棡
ˣ
ҪȻɳôĵ뿹ħԱԼûͨħ
ӸλҲˡ
ҪȻĿǰȻֱƿؽʮݣﰵͶݿʮݡ
Яƿʮ֮ƣ´ǧ֧֡
ԭȫƵۣǣûУҲң
˸Υ
ԣ죬ԭҲֻԾὭħΪɣĬĬӪ
촽˫һĶҶ棬ֻҶĴн
ɷľ令ͷǰɱڣ£֮ݾ׷ÿ·
ƺΪһڴʦٴ˿ɢųѪħͷǰҲ׷Ȼκ˸Σ
ʦ򺣾ҶУȫǾ⣡
ͻȻ䣬һ˧۱һһų
ԭ͵һѵĿ򺣾뿪
Էȫ˧ۣԭףһ򺣾ۣ˧۵ٶȣ򺣾ͬ뺣һ
Խ뽫ǰΧˣ
򺣾ʮһٶɼǿս죬ΧΧߣ̫ˡ
Ҫ취ǣԭü˼ϴѶʦ£һ취
һɲǳֵһĻԭˣ
ʮ˧۵ػ磬ش򿪣¶ħӰ
ţħħħħħȵȣָħȫƵ޽ùǣһ
ԭԱǧ˵˧ۣ˿Ӳȥħ壬˧۵Ŀռġ
ʱػ򿪣ܱʿ䣬һħ²ʱ;Ŀ޺
򺣾ܵħ²ʮ׼ѺأǬǰ׷񣡡
Ҷʱʹ˷
һ𣬶ʮħ²ſ֮Ӿ
ǣڴʿԣںħǵĴʿԣЩħſ޵ȴһ
пܣ켸ҹ
״սӪ֣ʱۿһ򺣾䣡
ʱʮ򺣾ʮ󶼶ԭĴ׷ײķŭ
򺣾䣡
䣡
򺣾䣡
䣡
ŭ𣬵ƣΪ֮ɫ
һ׷׺Ȼ
󶼶ԭؽҧȴްܹڡ
ݶκ£Ҳɵ۸ߺ˷ŭ
󶼶ԭѿɫܾһ͡
Ѫĸоȴζ
һһٵ£򺣾׷׿¶ϹŲֳֺħսū
˿̣սūӪ˧ҲҶͳȾǧ˾ǿ£ǧħսūҲޱӲĴܹٻߺţ䣡
򺣾䣡
ǱŤʿһִЦĳ嶯
Ļ׺ޱȵħ
Ҳ̫ˡ
򺣾²ħūūȦƣдս䵱ȷūħѪƴħ
Ҷո𣬾һߺŭȳ
䣡
򺣾䣡

ɽХƵŭУҶ涸򺣾ȫۣ
գ󶼶ԭû´κֻǾĿŽʮ򺣾һһۡ
ͨʿ俴Ҷǧħսūǿ򺣾䣬Ϊ֮Ѫ
ԭȴħսūĿֲս
ǧΪͶڵħսūսūߴһħսū䷢ϴܵľе
ԭѾ޷Ԥ֧ǧħսūܹӳôֲսˡ
Ҫ֪ʿ䣬ڸʵϴħ壬ȫľеƽࡣ
ħľеǴ죬ǿѪһķҰսʱһıܽʿɾ޴
䷢˴ܾеħսūǵöǿ
ӼȥѪӾǣҪĿģΪıȡҶ֧ߴ˵ħսūӪ
ϧܴɣ
壡
ҶľٶУ󶼶ԭŨŨ壡
װ˴ܾеǧħսūӪٿɵʮʮ
ǧޱȾħսūӪڣ˺㽫ʿܲսʤҶ򺣾Ҳ֮䡣
Ŀǰ£ԭ򺣾ܽнʿ
Ǹܣ
ĴҾˡ
ԭڻɣҪ´򺣾һʿͲˡ
˲Ϣ䣬һоӿԭͷ
գԭֻܽȭ߬ĽģҧأεĿ򺣾һһۣȻһһжӼٷ뽭ݣ
뺣ͻɽ
ԭڴ֮£ΣΣ


2412 ֮
жԵɱħ˾ʧѪӽǰ¾ħ帹ɱħ¹ѫں
ҴͷǷǹбº;顣
ܽԵôһ仰ԭεҡҡͷɢˣפأܽ䱸
Уһɪ֮С
ԭҲΣɱ֮ɱӳ˾ǰʮڣٵƫƫ޿κΡ
Уֱ޷ݡ
ԭεǣҶƨˣòƨɡ
ҶݵһĻǲã»ŻǾķ档
ȥ٣СӶӳϽ۴£Υߣϳͣԭֲһ
ҲʤޣжãͲˡ
ƺһɴʦһ࣬ԭ̾һ׼ȥ
ʦڣôԴȴһĿҶ뿪ֱˬ˼㡣
ʱһȫװĴͻȻɱڵļ
âšģ˿̿ȥޱȵ
ģԭһͣٴ̾һ
ҲԭӼ٣Ԫӳ
ȻȨƣܿҵһ߷ǳϵ˴ϡޱȵĵرĶӼڸ̵֮ʱڻָ׵
ǣѪȻı䡣
µĽ٣ȻȻĸı˷
һ㣬Ҳûı䡣
Ϊ˲ԭüͳ˧âţؽâš
âŵľֱӴʮһǶӵĲ
˿̼ĸϹȻΪʲô
Ҷأ
Ҷ˵ͷأԪأ
Ŀޓâžų˿УȻһ˿塣
νõķŭͳ֮£ȻԸıһ˵ݡ
һ壬·İһ۰ĶӼԭĶ۵ĳˡ
һУȫҶͣ
Ԫ˧ҶȻȫ뿪Աߵκλشһ䡣
Ԫ˧ƺڼĶУ̶ֱ˼¡
·һҹ֮䣬ӵƺʧˣ֮Ǿְ
Ϊʲô
׹ףȴһˡ
ͷػҶȻȫ뿪ʱķŭˣһųκ˹ȥŭ߳˭Ҷģ
ԭڲ࣬Ͼ˵ԭĶӣֻʧȥѪʧȥպļ̳ʸѡ
κҶܣӲһš
ֻǣʵΪﵽ˵ŭ֮£һء
ͽκߵѪɡ
ŭļȴûκֵͣ˼Ҫ׷κйߡ
һĻԭȥˡ
ס֣
ǣԭŭ߳·δһȻֳκº֣ߵκǲҽ
գ۵ԭֱӵ˶ӼǰݺݵһƳ˹ȥŭˣ
ҶΪߵģ㻹ҪΪɣ
Ķ⣬üشסˣһţ㲻ǴӦҪΪұѪҪҶǧ𣿡
һУͷ˿ԭͷͻȻһĪС
ķ
ԭȫˣԼɣȥһöԭسһ̫ʧˡ
һҲֻǲҶѪҡδ˵Ȼۿת
һĻԭѣæ԰ο
ΣŰο˸ոհĽݶκ䣬Ҵ뿪
򺣾֧¾תܣνǣһȫ
Ҫϻȥ¹ºú飬ӦԴ¡
ϾԭΪֹǴܵ

Ǽ֣
˧ڣһӢˬɫʿηɰףĶŻͨƷεĳֹм֮⡣
һԵҶ棬ŵð
Ȼ˵ֹûʲô˫⣬ηɰ׸ֹյһܵġ
ռߣų֣ԺҪǴˡ
ֹһڣҶһ
ûڹļӣһ㣬ֱ߽ʦηɰ׵ĵĵ⡣
Ҷ֮ǰģʦηɰֱˬֹȵӣҶǰᣬڲʶ棬ֱݣһ񣬿¾ͻʦηɰһս
ڿҶĵǶġ
ֹ֮ģֹĶǣթ
ֻУ㲻룬Ҳ߰˰ˡ
ңֲֹϲµӡ
ĸ֮£ûԱƺһηɰ׽㣬ֱĺõòٺˡ
ηɰ״һ£ԳֹķӦЩ⡣
ηɰҶߣƽؿû½ĺͫ¡ܵ˽
⼸ֻһĿģҶߣвĵŮ˽ӽҶ档
쿪ڣм֮⡣
û뵽ֹȻֱ̬ηɰûƢ
εĹһЦ˳ֹ֣ãߣǵģ磡
һĻԶԶԶȺĹ졢㡢ڡڡī׼֣ʱ׷Χ˹ȥһŹҶ˴Ĵָ
˧ţ
ܸ㶨ùãҪǴȥٺ٣
ţҪǴȥҾͰǼټ㳯ܹܣ
һˣʱޱȵı͡
Цټܹܣǲһ£ⱲĿɾͽˡ
ˣ˵£Ȼعܣò˶ãܻصء
ڻص֮ǰм£֤ѯһǵҶ˵
˧뽲


2413 ī׼
˴򺣾¾룬ħ帹ݺɱħһǧ࣬νѫպա
䣬Юʤ֮Ƴǧϵ±Χ֮أܳӦԡ
ɻڷսƷĹУȴܰ¡
սĥ򺣾˵ս£ֹжȣнֹʤǿУɰܶңʤ
˵򺣾ѳǿȻɡ
ǣ򺣾ɸӡ
б˧֮˾кĺڵıսһţһϾŲвļ˾ǣޱȸӡ
Ԥת֮򺣾֧ǿͿֱܻݣȻ
Ҷ˰˶ȣֵ֮ʣħ幥ħսߣ֣̫塢һҴܣڸԭҰģνδ
λܿƽĿǰҾ֣һһϦ֮£ñ֮ʱ
գ򺣾ǿ֮ʡƽ£ɱħ˿Աع
ǿǾʹ˽ɢֱݣ񲻿ϧ
ع֮󣬱˧£ɱħ֮ѫñ򺣾źͱƣλΪΣ
˵꣬ҶĿһһɨµ˧㡢졢ڡڡĬ׼֣ʱȴǵĴ𰸡
ӦģȻ㡢졢֣ʱˡ
˱Ҷĵϵ¾ͱ̬
˵ı̬Ԥ֮УˣҶƿ򺣾ˡ
Ҷ˿ģԭϾŵںͱսһŵĺڡ
ˣҲнţ֮պ󶼿Զ档
Ҫǣʱ򺣾֮ʿ䣬ϾŲвսһŲв
ǲͬ⣬Ǿʹ򺣾˿̵֮ʿ佫ߡ
򺣾ҲȻȻľʹ˽塣
Ŵ˧ĩ֪ʲôʤս֮ʦ֪ʲô֪֪ˣս
˧ӽ򺣾ڣֻ򺣾Ͼţ򺣾ľԸΪ˧ЧֱǰҶ浥ϥ¹
˼˿ٵı̬ʵЩҶ֮⣬Ҷ汾ΪҪѵ㴽һ֮ģû뵽˳
ʵҶ֪
֮ǰΪϾŵĸ˧ϾŵľѪҪϾŵľ䡣
ܵƽĽʮ֧ŴУϾſߵǿսš
ɾˣ֮䣬ϾȺףʿ˲ء
˵ϾŴʢ˥ȫû֮Σڶˡ
ɺڴϾŲвҶħ帹սɱ¾˵ÿһ춼ڵ裬ÿһ̣ȫûΣ
ǣ˧Ҷ棬ȴһһεƽɹ
ƽɹڼзԼ΢С˺ľѫ
󣬸ܹƽشܣмǼưٳıʿһһ
ǰľ޴࣬ʶһ̵񡪡Ϊ֮ꡣ
һͷϻ˧ȫԻΪϻ
һֻһȺϻȫ
ڿԿ϶Ͼԭų̩ħ帹صսϣ˵Ҷĳ̶ȣǽϾŻŴԶ
ΪԶѪսɳ
ȻˣΪʲôѡһǼı԰ٳ˱ǿ˧أ
ޱȵսϻŻĿԣɱʮӣѫ
ֶԱ֮£ɵӶȷѡ
ʱڣǸɵӡ
Ҷַڣãӽ򺣾ڣֻ򺣾ޱ˾Ͼ֮֡
ȻȻͣȴ˧ĩûκ⣬ֻǾǱߣԼļҾʿļҾ졭
⣬Ŀǰ谭򺣾ñŲɢҪԭ
ƽ˵ܳƽҾӰ첢̫󡣵˿·ңʿ׷׵ǼҾ죬ܽ⣬⽫Ӱġ
Ҵޱߣͨʿؼ̽һΣܾҪһʱ䣬⡣
ԣ򺣾Ҫñ뽫ҾͽУܳȶġ
ͬʱԭսһžųͬʱڣ˧ֻҪܹǽļҾ⣬ĩҲԸΪ˧Ч
ʵڵ뷨ڸ򵥡
Ҷ棬ΣСʤ̶࣬սƷ֣кľá
ͳ˧Ǹ˭
ֻҪܹҾ⣬ûκ⡣
£ǲõģ˧Իȥ˵򺣾˾ѫһ֧Ӣ۲ӣһ÷ţô˵ȥ
ڼҾ⣬Ҳý˧ķرְˮ˻عϡˮ˻ƽˮʶ˿ڣǵļҾԸ⣬ǨƵ仧˧ȫЭѲ˾æ
ڽ죬ǵԸ뽫ҾǨأܱߵĿأ˧԰æ
ԣڶһۣٴαȭˣĩԸΪ˧Ч
һ򺣾УѾ˧ֻ̬ʣµ˧ҲԭڶȨͨɵļͳī׼ˡ
ī׼µļ֮ǰҶûǡ
ļ򺣾סġ
ԣҲû⣬ֱӿڵīͳߣ˧ǿ󣬻תأеսƷ;һҲٵġ
ҶԪ˧ˣܹ⣬ˣ¼µһڼԸ򺣾Ϊ˧Ч
ҶȻͳī׼Ը򺣾ЧңʵЩ⡣
⡣


2414 С
ͳī׼Ը򺣾ԭʵƶйϵ
ҶȻ˵ֻԼ˾ϵ˽⣬ϵѹûо
ڣΪ˾֮£˾ĵλߣǰ;
֮£λͲһˣڴܣλ峬Ȼ⣬Ȼڵλһ㣬óȥҲǺҫۡ
εԭȴǼƶȡ
ļҪΪ͸ļ˾Ƿġ
˵ļ˾˾ǵ̴ӻ
ڣֻҪλﵽһ̶ȣͿԻһ֧ļ˾衣
ԼȨȵȣֻҪְ񣬾ͻһȡΪȵļָһͳ졣
Ҷ棬֮󣬾ͻһ裬Լһͳ졣
ͳսūӪȾҶļͳ졣
ϣһڱָĳͳ֮ˣ͸令ء
ҶļͳȾҶ𣬾ʹҶӡǡ
Ҷǿĵλǿ
Ҷĵλ
ҶˣȻʧȥ˼ͳһְ㲻ת֮ҲֻܵͨһԱ
ңִΣյڻһļзĻᡣ
ԭҲܼ򵥣ͳ죬ΪҳϣΪҲΪ˽ܵģְλġ
˭һùļͳԼţ
ǡıǳƻ˿йƻ˭Ըԣ
£ڶȨͨѳī׼ͳ첻ӽԺĽҲֻͶɢ
ңٺãһҲǸǰ⣬մ⡣
Ҷֵ»죬ѫޱȣܻλΪ壬ûзأҲȱ츣
ʵϣϣī׼ʱȻ˺ܾˣֱҶʣŵ̬
ҶȻȻӦʡ
ļǣһսǿÿ˶ͨͨиϣǵļ룬򺣾ԣͻô
ȻˣѶȲСҶţֻҪŬǿġ
ˣ򺣾ڲϣǳˡ
ֻڲϳɹҶڻع֮󣬲Ҫ
ҪȻڲûͳһҪǲǳ

ӽ뿪Ҷµİ˧ۣʱٶȡ
һδ뿪ԭĿƵһվͲ㰲ȫ
ҶСôܱ͡߷ԲĶϵĸı䷽򣬱ܿǰڵľӪͳǳء
ֱ֮󣬺ִｭҶһֱŵģŷ
ǽܿƵĵˡ
ܵĵ̣ͺðˡ
÷ҵһϹŲ֮󣬾͸ϹŲо
һ֮Ҷµ򺣾ͳ˾ΥԭϹŲ
ϵԭҶĴһ֣оĹԱҶĴָľӪ
һС
ĹԭԷֵܳħΪɣҪҶµǧħսūӪӪܡ
ҶϴǾܾ֮󣬲ûֽ󣬻ǵȨİƽϢ¡
֮ħսѪս꣬ħ帹ع¾սµ򺣾һ̤˵ŰȫϢĴܾӪ
̤ƮŴܾľӪеһʱ䣬ʿǻ֮ʣʿ䣬ʯͻ̾͵УϣȻ档
һǿݡ
ߣ⵱еļʹͼ尾
ٵŴ棬дõ˺ķ顣
ӽ򺣾գʳܱ˹Ӧÿÿһ̳ԳӪ⣬֮ڣ
Ҷٴ򺣾
ؼˣҲӦýʿǷһˡ
Ҷֽţ
죬µѲһ㣬Ѳ飬Էκ⡣
ٸµֵŴ١
ף˧ġ
ٺ˴Ҷ͸ŴּĹתء
ƣսعĴ󽫣ؾĵһʱ䣬ʥ
Ҷ汾ûʸģ˴󹦣Ҳʸ
ԡ֮˴ʥʼ¡
ʼ¡Ĵѯ£һڳ棬Ҷ潫򺣾µĹѫһһڳ
ʱڣ򺣾ɱ¾ħСʮ߿飬ħǳ
նĴħѪɫǹʮֻ
նɱħǧǣħͷŰš
ɻʯƷʯƣڼƣ־ʸ㡣
оѫӰӰһֿ
ϵֱս
ӵģҶ򺣾ľٶǣħƣħս߹ƺħĲ
Ϯ£¶صĺݣҶһ֮
ЩĿõģ˭Ҳ޷Ĩɱ
Ҷ򺣾Ķʮħ²Ҳʼ¡ǰδеĸˡ
պԽҶ׷ȻԷ²Ѫʳ
һУԲöϢܾٹڡ
ǣͷϷȴԷ²Ѫ֮ĵյСϡ
Сϣʽس򺣾֮·ͷ
ǣСỹδ֮УѾ
ԭd㽫Է
дԣȻ»򺣾д󹦣ʧǹܣͷ
򺣾ǰ;صĴУȻͱƮҡ


2415 ҹż
Ҫ˵Щ䶯¼ȵĻ⣬򺣾¾ɱħ帹أնɱħǧƣɱǳز٣׷Ǭǰ
ǣ֮У˿ֿȡˣȴǱ򺣾Ԫ˧Ҷ档
򺣾˧֮е졣
С¥˵
ȻҲΪ֡
͸µı֮ʵܼ򵥡
Ϊʱ죬һǵϸܸɣеĶ࣬ѹûм̳оλĿܣһڼӣеѹ֮£߶Ծڼš
ȴ½硣
֮ǰħսµĹѫֱӻɻһо
һо
𿴾λͣǽųɾžŵĴж˦
Ǻѫλ˦һоãҲԴ
Ȼ˵ǰһо֮λֻǰ;ԵĹӵ˹Ŀ࿴
򺣾˧ЯתǾ½ˡ
򺣾׷Ǭǰ׷ʱչֳĺˡ
˿ƺľǴʷµľ֮˰ɣ
οЩֻ˿ʵʵ׼²ֻھٵӰ֮С
һʱ䣬ϡ
ԣ򺣾˺ľã죬ҲܻӾ
ԣ˺ľֻܻӾΪħͷģħĳǳֽģ

ǷȲ
˵˾ǰδУ׵ġ
²ⲻһ㡣
еĲ²⣬֤һ£죬֮ǰǰ;Ĺӵܣ׵ķˡ
䶼ˣЩڷޱĹǣǲö˵
ǰģܴϻģֻģ׷ǰգϡ
Ҫǰ˿պȵȴˣҲ͸ůƵƣܷܵķܡ
Щ˵ģȴƲˣܲˡ
ڼġ
㡣
Ҷ뿪ҲֻΪƴһѣһǰ;ϵá
תûãͱ丸̫ұٻңӭڼ֮еĵλһӾͽ丸
ܷǾ÷
ϣ˵ѪսһݹķұܴһϮĹأȻѪսɳŬλҲһȺ
õĶӣȴпܷҵĴһǿܲϲ
ҾټأڵǣЩŮĹǣŷ׷ס
̶Ĺ򣬼Ҫҵż̤ˡ
ܵĹǿɾء
һܹս÷ƾԼĿҵжЩֻܳϮλ֮ˣǿ֪ٱ
еԶŮĹ壬õ֧Ǳɡ
ֵ㸸̫ұֵúϲ£졣
ô˹ףϸɸѡ֮ѡλطҷ಻Ĺ֮Ů
գ¦µŮס
ǶݹȻλһȺĵ̻ڣ뾲ףҲŵԡ
ΪͶ˻飬ȶ£Ȼѡж飬ӭȢ
⣬ҲǴ˺Ϣ
Ȼ˵߶ţһо˿߼ˡ
丸ݹ֮ûã֪˹һо֮¡
䣬丸Ҳʮ飬Լƹ¹һ¡
Ҫɼ幩ʿǰ߱
һУȴܾˡ
һֱͷһ
Ҫżҵ˿׿λ׸翴
ӣκһֵܣһԽҵ
ԭһι뷨ۻʲôλǾԲ̤Ǹżҵġ
ȻλգҪúõ԰һһ¹żˡ
Ҷ££ţֵܣҶ˽˼
·ϣҶ͸쳤̸һΡ
νѪŨˮ
ΣżվѪʼʵǹżҵѪ
ҲŸЩѾʶ˴ҪȻҲϵ
ǹŸϵ¿˳عżҡ
ǼֵܣڵĹ죬пɱ
ҶȰġ
죬һѾǵǸͷˡ
󣬴ҶĽ顣
ǡãҶس֮ʣŸùŸϹܼҺ͹żҵļֵܣӭӹظǸӡ
Ҳ˳ƻع˹żҡ
ŸΪһͳҳټ˹죬ѯһս£֮̾࣬Ҳһ
󣬹ŸżλֵܣǹżҵλӣǸԸ߹졣
ǱǸҲΪ˻еĸҲһַʽżѵܹ
ŸĳͰţܺãִеҲ
ڶݹӡżҵճӹŹ磬żҸ֧ӵܣԼеһЩӵܣΪӷ磬ν¡ضʢ
һж˳νǱ
չŸĽ죬ɹŸմӡƽŴǴ졣
Ŵ֮йҵĳͻ߶ңҲŴżĹϵ
ȻǸ׽ģҲ룬Ȼ磬Ѫֵлⲻ˵ĶԹġ
ƫƫⳡϣ⡣


2416 ֵ˵
ŴǹŸմӣƽȺ
ȻλǹŸҲݹ̻˼ĴֶۣͨŪ˾Ŵȡľλ
ȻֻǾȺ޷ء
ڴܣŪһзشеľλѶȣ޷ؾλʮϣǴ󹦲ͷء
ҲݹԵմӹŴǵһȻûзأݹȴѾ˹滮Լҵķϣ˹Ŵһ֮أأԱպӪ
ٷ֮أȴҪȵεݹ̹ӹŹǼλŻ¡
⻰ԶˣŴǿ磬ȴʵʵõȺ
Ÿ׹̵ĽһУѾȥ
˵ԹڵľѫӰŹǺ͹ŴֵҲۿ졣
Ҳʵ
һ֮УֵܣλߵʹΣҲǿ˵ģʵ
׼ʱ硣
ŴҲӭţѱ븮
ȻܲȣЩϲ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣСλ׸Ͽɺأ롣
Ȼʵˡ
˳ƽʹڶżֵ֧ܣ
ݹӹŹǣҲ絽ˡ
ʱŹΪɸ׵⽫ֵܵλλϣʾغܡ
ڹŸ֮УҲ֪𱰡
Ȼ˿ѾˣǼȻŹǵ磬ôݹӣǱҪġ
±ʾֳڹŹŴס
˻ˣùŹֵΪ⡣
Ὺʼɫ䣬ˮ۵Ķ
о澣衣
ƼȣѯһĽսţ˵һʱúȲ
ƺὫһĿϷС飬淨
Ŵȴ֣Ů¡
ֻһڹż֧ӵܣԼżҵӵܡ
죬ǰҲٲ£ֵ֮䣬޸ҹ֮
ƣҸˣ͵ֵˡ
˵ŴֱӶǰһ룬һƹ˹һĸ꣬һ;ĿŹ졣
ЩͶݣŴܹ˵ⷬҲܿɹ
£Ҳһһƣʾͬ⡣
꣬ӹŹЦʵ˵Ҳǵ̫㣬ҪȻҲ۸һԼ
˹죬ֽ½ҹҲһЦˡ
ţ䵱£꣬۸
ֻȥľ͹ȥˣҲԸټƽˡ
ֵǺϺˣһڹżֵ֧ܣĵĸӻȡ
䣬ҲŹͻȻһ¡
죬Ҫ۾ż֮Уʢһ£ȴҪ
뽲ֻҪܹһȫ̬Ҳŵĺܵ͡
ԣŹЦˣž룬Ŵڹżҵ֧ӵ˵֪ѵáǹżңֵܵڣǰ
Ҫǰɱħ԰ǰȥȴĸߡ
ܹŪξУѫλһ飬ͿԾеͼ١
£ܹŵĻĻҲ͸ߣ¹ѫ׳ҹżҵĻʣҲ͸
ʱ޷ԾҲܹԿǨν졣ھӦ֮£׼ᣬҹżҼƣ˵Ըһλ
ǰûᣬ򺣾Ҫλ򺣾ǽҪ۹ͣɷֵһ
һڳĹżӵܣ׷ڴĿ⿴˹졣
⡭
֮ʱƽ˸Ŵֿˡ
ŵܣʵҲûΪѵģǳòġ򺣾ɸӣս
ŵֻҪսߵֻʮȻԼֵֻܵڼУȾȷֻҪЩϿɣġ
ֻҪʱ򣬱̫ۣͿˣ
Уѫλܹ࣬߸ͳɣģȫŪξѫλξѫλξξò󡭡ǿԣŪһѫλáŴǻ˲߻ȴѹûע⵽ɫѾѿޱȡ
һڹżҺӵܣͱŴǵˣѹûע⵽仯
ϾиѫλӾ𲽾ȫһ
ŪξǾе𲽱ͳǧ˵ľٶͳͳǧ˵Уξһְ
Ѿмˡ
Դ𲽣ףĻҲǴС
ʱĻᣬ˭룿
һֵε񣬹ŴǸŹǶһۣһЦ
˾٣Ǿֵܾܽģν
ЦϣŹЦеĿ˹죬ŵܣΣճڣŹǾͷ˹ɫĲԾ
ܣ
޿ܣ
վһļߣؾļΪ򺣾ÿһֵܣǴʬɽѪ߳ġ
ЩѾֵܣûǵǱ˵ѫûпܻŻ
£޿ܣ
˵꣬ɫһȻλֵȡ߰æҿǼ򺣾պ󡭡
ȹ˵꣬쵱ܾĹŴǣЩ߳ŭ
죬ˣĿǹżҵѪڳЩˣѪֵܡ
㾹Ȼһе˼񣬵ʲôƨֵܣΪǣȻԸԼֵܡ
㻹ǲǹżӵܣ㻹
Ŵǣʲô˼ֵģ˵һ飡Ȼ׻һŹŴĽԵʣѾָŹŴǵıˡ
һмָűŴ˲Ϣͻˣ㾹Ȼһ˼񣬵ֵܣ㻹

飡
УȭҳŴӦҽУҶϣѪĽ


2417 Т
캷ȻŹŴǣֱڳżӵǵȦ
ŹĻǵմӡƽŴǣʵǣⳡ仯̫죬ǷӦ
һȭҶϹŴǱĹ죬δ֣ͣŭɶȥŴǰڵϣȭȭȭѪ
һᣬһŭ
ģûЩ˼ħս¾Ѫս֮գ
ģûЩ˼ƴƴջݺ裿
ĹεĶȻЩսֵܵľᶼŹҪð棿
껹𣿡
һһ߱ȭ
ĹŴǲҽ˲Ϣͱͷ
ҲֱʱһڹżӵܲŷӦ׷ǰȰ裬ŹҲ߳
죬ס֣ŹԼҵֳﻹûг𱰣
ޣ
ǳĹһŨ̵ӹŹǣ𱰣ﻹûТܣ
һﲻҪȻͼıȥȥֵǵľѫᣡ
ͷϣֱ۴С
ʵû뵽ֵܾȻ˵ĹʳܣȻΪĴʿľҲ붥
ֱˡ
ЩֵսϣΪһѪĸĸ޶ֻϴ档
ΨһϣģǼҵĺöΪµĹѫĿȼ˵ʹͣԼǲĸ
ʧȥɷĹ¶ĸһ㲹
Щˡ
гĲƽпܣ뽫ǰЩСὣնɱйͷ֮ߡ
ǣսģ侲
ŭ˱
Ǵ˧Ҷ澭̵ǵһ仰
ŭ֮УҪ侲
ԣ´˿ŭգ޲õὣնɱ˹Ŵ࣬ǣŭɺ侲
Щˣɱã
ңҪǣŴ廹Ѫϣֳ
ĸѾĽ
ţĸײᱨ뷨
ԣ˿̵ĳ֣зִ硣
Ȼȭȭ⣬ĹŴǷҽУǣȭͷֻûжԣŴʵƤˡ
ǣһŹŴĹ죬ȰȰӹŹǼˡ
ŹŴǵĻʵĻ
Դ˿̹ŭŴǣŹŴǣһҲŹǻðɡ
ҪǸ׵һЩô𽵹죿
һˣּôȰס죬Źǲɵö򵨱
Ŀһʾ⼸֧ӵ֣ܶº֡
ȭŹŴǵĹ죬Ȼеһɱӿ
ЩսɵıܣùӦΣգ֫ٶŤ˼¡
ǣⱾܰķӦȴֻù֧ܿӱĳ
һ֧ı磬ļһⳤҲ޷
һȴޱȵĴӹնֱڹʳһ硢һƤⷭ˿ڣʱѪע
紴֮£ûаʹ͵תͷһ㡣
ħս϶ѻɱɷޱĴĿɢ
Ǻ˵Ŀ⣬ֱӽֵ֧ӵŵһˣ֮£еı䡣
Ҫ£ͻҲ͸һˡ
ǣһλոմħ帹ĺԷ˯ʱץŵޱȡ
С磬Ҳץʱ׼ӦԿٵħɢ
ǱһģһҶΪЩѲƵĺ޹âԼһĵɫгϡ
һӣնǰ͵Ϯ֧ӵնȥ
򺣾ɣڷκε˵ĵһʱ䣬ԹҪնɱΪΣΪһҪ
ննһɲǣǰ֧ӵǾֵ񣬺ϤĴģù͵ʶʲô
м䣬ЩΪǿɨӲĽն֧ӵܾУתһ·
һɲǣ۵ĹϾڶ
֧ӵܣ˱նȥұۣˣȴŴͬ첲նȥ
Ѫӿҽ˲ϢһƬ
ǰѪܵһĻѪԼɱһһĹ죬ŹŴ͵شһս
ɱӿصΪϢɢĶŴڵڶżӵܣһʱ䣬Ȼ˸ҽӽ֮ڡ
˸Ѫӿҽвѵ֧ӵܡ
ĺ
ͷӿһĪĺ
ֵ
ЩͱӵˣĹñֵܣֵ
ֻͨŹķʽŹŴǣзִ磡
ЩˣȻӱºں󣬼أ
Ѫֵ
ͻȻ䣬¶һЦݣȻޱȡ
һɲǣޱȵصǸѪζ뺹ζľӪ
ĻȾĺϼǧ
ȴҪůȫ

մӹŴӹ췢Ѫսܿ;ݹ̡
ŭ֮࣬ĵһʱ䣬˷˳ƽֵǽĳ´ȥ
Ȼ󣬹̾Ҫˡ
ȻӹŹŴǣȴһȸ״ԹѪ𱰣ɱ㡣
ݹݹȻΪʵ
󣬹һδӣһδĽĳͻ걾ꡣ
˵꣬ͷأ״ˣ첢ˣֻǼλֵܾȻͼıս֮أʵǹʳܣ
Ŷ֣˰˸磡
Ǽλֵ֧ܣȻ챳͵Ϯ챾֮·ҲʱӦ˴ս
ҪȻλ˿Ȼͷأ
Ļǲ֮֫Ϊ֤˵λ֧ӵܣ亹죬²ѡ
õȺݺ̴õĹżӵǣ亹졣
ͷصĹ죬ݹȴǳĬ
ʵ˵Ļǳ⡣
ҲϹս
֪һλսϸոչĽǱ˴ӱ͵ϮǺжôֲ
סɱˣȻܿɹˡ
ǽ桭
λӵƣƵģķӦˣҲס
Ǵ£ȴǼѣ
ڹߣҪǰΣӹŹǵŽ⵽պǻᱻѹһͷԺμִ̳˶ļҵ
״ˣΪżӵܣ֪𱰣²㣬ϳͣպżӵЧ£żұӹŹ
ͷĹŴǣ´״ˣŵЩ˰ţЩѵպ²ŹҺʹ磬г
ң
˻ͷݹ̣ذθ
£ڵϵĹٴͷأ״ˣԣްԣ
ǰ˸Щսͬǰ춯ں˴ӱ͵Ϯǰ챾ܷں
븸״˵ţٴͷأͷѪڰɫĵשӿ


2418 򺣾ߣ
ƽڣݹ̿ŵδɵѪд̱ǵѪζٿڳµӹ죬ӣĳĬš
̵ĳĬУڽµĹ죬ͷȴԽԽ
첻෴ģܴ
Ӷ𣬹;ɳ飬عء¾ñӶڹͷϡ
ʵԼֻһڸǰԼø׹עԼĻӶѡ
Ӷ𣬵ڣһֱûб
ͬģλףҲԽԽ˽⡣
֮ǰļУ׵ֳĬѾƫĳһľ
ƫһʵҲͿˡ
ڸ׵ִﵽڣһֱţŹ˸Ŵǣվš
ĴȻ˵ʲô
ֻǹͷһ˿
һ˿
죬֪
ͷһ˿ر˷顣
һɬ̧ͷ״ˡ
죬У˴ɣǴΣֵ֮䣬ԲУ
ĳĽѵŹ죬ͻȻͱţҷ
һ͵س鴤һ¡
żҵļҷһԹ͢ɫޣһȥ֮£Ƥ
ǰδҶǰҷļ䣬ޱȡ
ǣ鴤ǣΪҷĿֲ
Ѿ׵ˣĺˣ
ˣ
ݹ̵Ŀע£컺״ˣǲ۵ڲ⣬ҪҪģǵӵѪǲǣ
ǲЩӣֻΪӣʲôǵӵǰԶǴģǲǣ
ʣõڵżһ࣬ڣɲ
󵨣
סݹ߳ŭ֮£ŭ߳˭ģ£
ϵģԭһĹ죬Ȼĳݹ̹ˡ
ˣٴͷأĸݹ̿ͷȻ˲վıֱ
ޱȵıֱ
״ˣѪ֮պԻ𣡴ӽҹżκιϵ
˵ָ꣬ŹŴǸŹ߳λⱲӣܹˣ
ӽ󣬶λñңݹֲ飡
ɫþȻޱȣǣһ֣תߣȻޱȡ
һڹżӵܶĴ󵨸ˡ
żҼݹ̣ȴľٶ붼
ӣӣҪǸ̤벽Ҳȣ
Ųһ٣Ѳ񽫵ϢɢףҪߣܹסģ
صѲϢȻùΪ֮漴Цǲ֪ߵغ񣡡
Ҳգ
̾һ̵鶸رɱλӸ̤Ű벽֣ܳ
ӵҷǾȫ֣˲Тӣǲ֪ڸģɱ˸ɾ
ݹҲɱ֮ˣһʱɱȻ
ԣ࣬ȴ
ܵڶضĵԼĵϢǿӲ
ҹôһо򺣾˧ǲ׵ף㿼ǹ𣿡
ӽѵӣ쾭壬ͻε£Ҳܲͷϣ
λŸʲô£ˣ̾¡
ʱһλͼ˹죬˹ɲǣȴʧ
ͻȻ䣬͵δӴſڵĿռ䴦Ǳޱȵĵ
칫ӣϷ𵴿ռ䣬Ѳ񽫵Ŀռطãһλ
ŲƵһԼǿϢ첻ɵñͷף㲻Ҫң
ȴǲΪһҾǱˣô
һɲǣһѪɫѶشӹзɳĳ˴ڳϿը
һªޱȵĽģѪɫѶڳըС
ѪɫѶشǰδйÿˣĺޱȡ
ҲһɲǣڻµҶ棬ͻȻյһ⼱Ѷ
һɨҶͺس𣬶ĵȨİˮһֵȨЩ£Ҷĳȥһ
޻ȥƽˣ˵꣬ҶȻʧ
һԵҶͳ졢ԭ޻ӦһѸתʹһٵ׷Ҷʧķ
ƽ򸮣ȨİһˮЦͬȥ
ͬȥ
ЦУȨİˮͬʱʧ
ô棬ҶȻԸ񣬲ȲѣǲΪ˽Ԯģ
ԣҶٶȸ˳ƽ
߽֮ɣռŲơ
Ҷ漸ٶطУ֮󣬾͸ϵ˳ƽ
ʲôˣ
Ҷ棬ոŭһҶһ;ֱ˽ȥ
糱ˮһɢʱ˹λá
һ֮Уλ֮£ֱӽӿռ֮𵴳˲Ϣڹϸϰơ
ÿһȥ춼һѪϢͻ˥һ֡
УŹŴǿһĻǶЦݡ
Сţ
򺣾ߣ
Ҷŭ쳹ɲǣڳƽϿը֡
һһףֱӺ䴩˴ݶݺݵйںĵͷ
˲Ϣ䣬Ծ


2419 ֹŸ
̫ʹ֮£ڵǿ߶ҪԴ̫һ񽫣ҪСӦԡ
ǰλݹĵڵĹ⧲֮£ֱӱ̫׺С
һ̫ܴͬʱԪܵ˾𵴣ɵһվɳ׺¡
˲Ϣ䣬ɻңԪӳ
·ͻȻǿߴԪӳ֮ĿԼȻɻҽŷһŵļ˻
ͬɵ۵Ļдڵˣݹ̡ŹǡŴǣԼżҹ
ȫͻˡ
һλǿɻң䣬ֶΡ
ݹޱȵĿУҶ漲ٵӽ˴֮У죬ľڹһתһ
ģңʵƲûбôأҶľһתƾͻָ˴롣
ҶĴʥɲǰ衣
ҲǹܹλΧ֧ʮϢʱԭ
ҲͻȻǹ촩ֻᡣ
Ҷ滹գһҶ棬ݹ̾ŭֱš
Ҷ澶ֱӵĸۡ潫żҹȥֱһ㶼û
Ҷģ̫
ϷôҲǴ뷷Ķݹǿ֮ۡ˵ҹŸֲҹżҼ£
£ҵģ
ţôݹɱ˵ͽ£ҷɱۣ
ݹһڸҧĸ졣
Ҫǲ׷ҪǴȥݹ棬Ժķţ
ǹ̵ĻأʮϢؾסҶ档
һڵϢҶüͷ΢΢һ
ʮλһλڣλڣеʵҶ˵
ݹȴΪҶˣ֪ڣˣ
ϣ֣ܳκ£ţ
˲Ϣ䣬ʮۻޱȵĵϢʹ˷ɱҶ档
Ϊڳƽ֮УԳּ䣬ЩûжôΧͨ
㵣ס
ЦһҶһ̤ɫ˹ʮλһΡ
һɽͨӡɳ·ѵˮһ͵һ̽ǰλͱȥ
ǰߵһλ˿ֲĹѪ硣
ɽ൱ӡҶУ廨һһ̽ɡ
ֱӽһüԶֱӽǰ֮ײһһ󶴡
ҲڴʱλҶоУвĵǿȻɱ
Сӣݵò񣡡
أҶͷĺ鱦׹޾͹⻪һ̫׾ͳڵߵͷ¡
̫׺£ߵûʲôˣ̫ԪЧȴߵԪ飬ؼʱôһɲǵ΢𵴡
Ӱ첻ֻĽ΢ͣôһ㡣
ǣһ㣬Ȼ㹻ˣ
ɽǧɽԪӡŨһȭͷССӡݺݵҪӡȥ
ܵӡ̺Ŀ
ߴ󺧣
ȻͷӲ³磡
һɽײһľ죬ӡݺݵĺߵļͷ
ʧ
ӡȫһֱߵСҼ磬ʧ
СҼʧֱֲӽ¶ķۺҶмҷɡ
Ҫ֣ȫ֣ʹƺУʾ
Ҷͷĺ鱦׹⻪һԳٴشǻɱߡ
龰ݹޱȵĺȻ֮࣬ҲطӦ˹
һ̤һ˳ǹʹŲޱȵɱ·һ㣬ҶȫµҪ
Ҫٲ֣ҶɱżλΨһһλڹʧɾͲˡ
һ֣ƾѪƷǹʱͽҶס
ͬʱʮλǿҲûΧϣ˻شҶ档
˧Сģ
ʱĵˣȻҶ棡
ӣŭ߳
ޣݹ˵˵ôģżҵﶼûԹ⣿
Ҷһ仰ͽʵſڽࡣ
ŭ֮£̵ǹ·ɣңң綾һסҶ棬żҵȻٱƽ
飬ȥ
һ߳һϽɫĽҶԺɳֳǧٵɲǣȻסǹâ
һٹڳҶͷĺ鱦׹޹⻪̫
ϧǣֻһ̫ףҶͲò֣ΪżҵʮλȻ˹ҶֻתӦǣ
˭ҹҼҴ˧
Ҷͳ޻ĶϺɲǣ޻ŵڻʮʮڵļ˾ͳ˴
˵͸ڳĵҶѹʱʹ
һԸոճҶ̫׸һǵݹһ洫սϢĻ˷飡
洫սɲǣһǿޱȵϢشӳƽĺԺص
һǿޱȵĵ۷Ԫʱ
˭ҹŸ
ǿֲĵ۷Ϣû޻ɫһ䣬۷壬ǰ벽컯˧Сģ


2420 Ķ
纣ĵ۷ϢУһλżߣƾճ˴С
ոձҶ̫׸׺ľսݹ̣ߣǴ̣
үүǱޣүүˡλݹ͹ȥ
ṇ̀żҵһӵܣͳͳȥսҲʹֹͣ
ɨһ۴ĵ˵ͷ洫ս飬ϷΪҹżҼսɳˣû뵽ֻǼˣ
˵ţ߾͵һ۹̣ǣԽԽˣһôԸˣֱڸϷˣ
һ˵һֻɫĴ֣Ͷش̽ץҶ档
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷɫһ䡣
ɫ˲䣬Ҷоڵƺⷽһ
ҶҲţ
һߣǶ鶸ظ֣һĻߣ
ڴʱͳ̺Ϣشӵ
УߺĴ֣ʼҵĲҲ޷ǿƣ
ǣˮ
ɫһ䣬Цİ𣿲
һɲǣܵϢޱıһöɫƾո֣Ϣɢɲǣҡҡɢĺɫ֣һαʵ
ôټϷأ
̤ĵȨİеȨһ㣬һɫĹâͺɢߵĺɫ֡
ɫɢҶĸǶ͵Ļ˲Ϣ˹ȥߣ
߷ŭ쳹ҶĸǶ͵Ļƾĺɫ
ߵٴγֻ֣ģǱһͷǲ룬ȫ˻ҽ
Сӣ߷ŭ
Ŵ󴨣ϲģС飬ϸʲôҪ֣ϷȥúõһΣ
ȨİеȨȵӰ䣬İ͹Ŵ󴨽ٴΡ
ǵʱ춯һ£Ӱէ֣ȴ߹Ŵһ֮ң
ǣ
һǱĹżŴᣬݹ̵飬ѿޱȡ
龰Ҷ֮࣬Ҳм
λǺޱ֧ˡ
ҪλôżҹŴ󴨵ѹ£Ҷ˵ֻܴŹ롣
һսҶǼʶһλݹĵ̡
ʱԵʮλма벽컯һĴڡ
ǿ
ңҶţżӵеĵ϶ֹǰʮλ
Ҷ˿塣
ڹŸ֮ڣΪأΪԭҶֶзִ硣
ҪȻżҵĵҲһ룡
˧С飬ͽСĴΣȨİ΢΢һЦĿ⿴˹Ŵ󴨡
Ŵ󴨵Ҳͳ˧Բƺ
Ŵ󴨸̵ޱȵôҲû뵽һССĳͻȻǿԤ
ʲôʱȨô帮ۡˣɶǶԣľǷֽ𣿡ŴЦ
һһԵݹȴүүеѡ
ɿдޱȵȷּôĸۡߣڣ۵ؿնף
˿Ҷ汳Ǵ򲻹ˡ
ǣдɰ
үүᣬô帮ۡѲ˾Ѳ˾ͿɴãҾͲŴβŰ֮ˣ
һɲǣһعеľѶͱݹ˳ȥ
żŴû˵Ĭˡ
ȻĲУǾֻܻĵġ
Ͼ´ӸԴϽǹżңռġ
ܿģѲ˾һʱ
ӵѲһƣҲˣѶûãҶˣѲտͳˡ
Ѳ˾һλ˾Ҳϵˡ
صЩãΪġ
Ը졣
λѲ˾˾һһλݹһλǣҲɵˣֻΨѲ˾ѲտǴӡ
ѲտܹѲأҲЩֶΡ
ȻȻģ˺С
ݹ̣۴ĸ濴ռ˵
ڼҴԼĶӣɱˣҲܲˡ
Ҷȴɱ˹ż档
ôôҶ淸ȡ
Ȼ䶷ϳԿˣǾҪĶһӣ˿ôɿڡ
Ѳ죬㿴ɴãϵ״̺ȵ
͸棬˭㲻ɣҶ浹һҲ¡
ã˵ģ
ݹЦһѲȻ㲻׽֣Ǳֻϵʥˣ
ʱѪҲҪΪҹżֻһ
⡭ѲտЩΪˣæҶ棬ȰҶϢˣϾִˣ˭á
ѲտڣҶЦӳһ򣬡˭˵ộۡĹۣʲô


2421 
֣ۡݹ̲ɵŭգҲΡ
Ҷ˷Ŷಫˣλֲࡣ
ȥҲûʲôõѡ
Ҷƶģ̻ǿһ
Ƿ
ݣùɻһ¡
ҶȴЦûǷǷծǮ쾭壡οǾǷ֮ծǾ͸쾭ˡ
⡭ҶôдǷⲻܣ֮ݹ̵ɫЩѿԭأ
ԭ
Ҷ־ͽһöݸѲտѲ㿴һ£ǷծҪ쾭ɣ
տֻɨһۣһɣͳҹֵȻծǱҵ˽¡
Ѳ˾Ѳ˾ܲˡȻˣǾȳˡ

һ߳ڹżӵǹżڹŴ󴨵ע£Ѳ˾Ѳ˾˲Ϣͳĸɸɾ
䶷ԷѹƵģԭĶôҶ档
޷˽ҶؽȥǣٿԸżһӡ
˿̣ȴһǷˡ
ǷծǮ쾭塣
ǹ֮ǷծҪծǹżҵҲͳ׵ĳˡ
ô֮ǰҶôǿŴǵĺͱծνȻҲûˡ
ݹ̵ļ֣˿ҲͳһЦ
˿ݹ̵ɫȴѿһԵĹżŴЩס
һǷ
Ǵǧݹծ
ʲôǷϷ򿴿ݹһ嵱ͷǷ˼ծ˾ǣ
żڹŴùǷһɨͲΪ˵ҵǷ˶٣һʮƷʯôʯҲֵҪ
仰һֱĹżӵܣЩס
һԵĳƽŴǣȴ͵شһ顣
һʮƷʯǷôôϤ
ͻȻ䣬ŴǾǰ׮£ָĪĲһ¡
һʮƷʯǰóҪѪڵóȴãǡ
ԼڵĻݹϸһ˿ЦԣҶҲЦ
Ÿ崫ңĿõģȻҪծǾ͸ϿҸ㸴Ҫծܶծ񣡡ҶЦ
飬ϹŴ»ŴʱϲǷ飬˵ծˡ
ãţҼ㸴񡣡Ŵ˵
ʱӦʱݹȴסˣæ
żɻĿ⿴ݹ̣Щ⡣
үүǷǸϢ
żڹŴֳһǷ򣬡֮нǸ㰡ʣǧ֮
Ҳ߰ǧ֮һ㶼߰үү̼Ҳ裬˵ǧ֮ǧ֮ǧ֮壬ǧ֮˶ɹϽඣϷǶˡ
үү
Ŵ˵ţݹͻȻǿд˹Ŵ󴨵Ļ˿Ȼȣүү㿴½ݵʱ䣡
½ݵʱ䣿
Ŵɫһ䣬ʲôһɨʹ˽סܽ߰ʮʮգǡ
һꣿʱżڹŴ󴨲γѵļʵ
ڣǴܽ߰ʮգ֣ݹ̵ޱȵĿɬùŴСϵѪɫʱһɶ
ĨȥͷҲʮĸ£ǿ졣
ȻżڵŹȻռƸ֮£ʮʱ䣬ʻǶôĿֲ
үӹȻˣҶŹŴһ´ĴָҹүҲ˵ˣʲߣҲôϽҼծɣ
˿̣ҶЦ
żүӣ
Ǿò£ûעţҲû⣬ȻҶ˵
ʱһʱ䣬Ŵ󴨵ˡ
һʮƷʯծ񣬲࣬һǧƷʯݹԣҲǴµĿѡ
ոʮĸ£ͱ÷ǳֲˡ
дµһ£֣ܸߴǧʯ
ңλƷʯ
ҲǽһǧƷʯ㣬ʮĸһ£µûǧǧƷʯ
ݹ߰Ʒʯʲƣеġ
ݹĲƻոǧƷʯҲǿܵġ
ǣҪ滹ծżңɾûˡ
ӦĹżɫһһ̣׹ֱð
Ȼ䣬Ŵ󴨴һ㣬ͽŴǸ㵽ңһƾȥ
۵⣬˵ôݺô˱дݽݵģ
żڣȻҲһ⣬һƲһơ
ʣ
ҶЦȴûõģݽʱô֤Ըġ
ֻŴֻ㻹û뵽һϾʮ꣡
ң·ڳֹֹ£֤ҶΪ˿żңõƣȫˡ
Ŵ󴨶һ
ǺǣǷծǮؾ壡˵Ŵ󴨣ǹżҲôɣ
ҪҪϷǹż𣿡ȨİЦв
żڹŴ󴨴ŭſİȴ޷ŭ֮£˳ָ˹Ŵһơ
һƣֱӽŴǵİڴȷˣӺŵ⣡
Ŵʹ飬ʱȴԶҿһ
еգرޱȡ
ҶֻЦֳʮǰŴǳײ֮⳥ҩѵǷݡ
꣬ŴǷʱѹû
Ҷ죬ʱʲô⡣
˹ȥݹҪծַӱ
ҶҲûҪֻΪһССİѱùŴҡ
û뵽ȴó
ݹǹżǷծʮ겻ҪҪҶĳһ£
ݹɫޱȵѿգĿ⿴˹졣
죬ǷĵһծĪҪñȼŻǮҪ˸磿
ʱ򣬹ֵܣ
Ҫڽͻ֮ǰŸ˵仰ܻԥĻǷ
ڣĺˣ
쳹׵ĺˣ
ãģֵܵļ̤׵Įӣ
Ѫƴô꣬ڴع˼š
û뵽˹ɱĮӣƫ̻
ܹˣ
ܹˣ
ףǷծǮ쾭壡
ӣŭﻹһֵ֮𣿡
𣿸ף
ЦţǸԼֵ͵Ϯ֮µµѾѪĴڡ
ﲻѪˣǹѪ
ŵܣҪˣΪǵͿԷܾˣ
ʧӾ֮ﻹûأܷܲһأҪ֪յпŹǿȰ
壿п𣿡
Цһ鶸ת䣬Ŵǣ׼ʯ֮ȡûУ͵ųԶȻ󱻶ɣ
ɣߣ
һŴǷ¾޶ծ񲻻ֵ÷׷Ƿ֮ʱҶ涯֣Щʹǣɲǳзġ
ʱ򣬶ǿɲ˵ġ
żһ˴ŪƽλҪ꣬żҲҪǣ
Ҫǣżҵļͷ¾Ҫôˣ
ŴǵòȻ֮ݹ̵ɫٴαֱ࣬Ӽˣ
ӣ
˧߰ɣ
Ȼ쿪ˣҶʹһ˻ת
ȴǼˣӣҪ̤벽Ϸͽ㳹ţ
㣡ͷҲصĴ
󣬴ݹܻӣ㲻Ҫڣ
ڣУ˹


2422 ܴ󶼶
˧Ҹ鷳ˡ
ȥ·ϣһھκǸ⡣
ô꣬ѾǵǸͷ࣬ܶ飬ܹ棬ܹ
ǰҶȰܸ׹̵⣬عżҡ
ȻҶϣûκεĹԣֻǴĴһ濼Ȱ
ΣϾڹżңѪڹżңԶ޷ı䡣
ңһֱøϿɵ뷨һֱû
عżңʵϾͿ򺣾żϵ򺣾ڳ͢ȡ
Ȼ˵֮ǰҶ滹ǹ죬ûпǹһ㣬ع飬ֻǴΪ顣
ǣһҳ׾ѣҶΪ˹죬Ÿ׵˺Ǵĺɾˡ
򺣾˿̣Ƚϸӣϵۺ˵ǹǹûжء
ô˿볯һȨݹ̳˺ʵǸ򺣾˴鷳
˵ЩӰ򺣾˵Ĵ鷳д˵
ҶȻ׹˼ص˹ļһǣ򺣾ʲôʱ¹ˣ
ǡ
Լֵܣʲô鷳鷳ģҶ͵վͷŹסԼֵܣԶǵһλģ
ҶתŸУ⣬УңżңվΪľڵģ
Щ˵ЩʲôɤȴЩ£һҲ˵
һѶҶУ꣬Ҷ͹Ц
컹򺣾ĴӣϷϰЦҶУȴǺⱩ
ɽɱشӹ𣬡˧ֳʲôˣ
Ҳûʲô£Сӣ˻ˣ
ʲô˻飿ȻеĵȨİˮҲȻ
ǰǰ̫ұŮ˻顢׵ľ¦£ͻȻ䷴ˡ
ܲҵ̬ȺӣֱƸ˺˻Լ
Ҷһһ鶼ޱȵء
վǾ򺣾ǷǹСᡣ
ڣȳ˹챻ţ㱻ǿ˻һ£ʹĳַĳֶߡ
֮ǰֿȣȴ˻飬Ǿǰ;˻ɣǾǰ;ܲãŻ᲻ǿ˻顣
¼ϿǼƫӡ
ʵϣڶ򺣾һµĴã˴Լķ򣬾Ĺļֵ͵λӶԣĲ硣
˵ƫ̻ӣ
ƣ¶򺣾ǲ
һĵǣΨҶЦߣȥһƣԣܹܲˡ
ȨİˮһҶתȥ㡣
һ̫ԶܿģҶͽӵ㡣
ȥ㲢ûʲôѹûеǷϣֻ˿ȥЩơ
˵Ƹ񣬾ҵС㣬ҲˡҪŮˣҽϾ͸ųϢȥ
䣬ǰ;ļһﴲϵŮˣĺܣ㳤ĳһ㡣Ц
ųòãô˧Цһ䣬ͻȻ̾ϧһ
˧죬֪ǵңʵû£ҵС㣬Ҿͼһ棬̸ϲϲ˾˰ɡ
ֻ⾲Ŷ׵񲻹һҪ˻ģҲ
νֻǴ˾ɨأϸ뷢ţûŻѪʵ̫Уκͷŭ
ҶȻ⵱еĸܣµĸԭʵǶԴ򺣾ķ⡣
˵̾ʲôܱҺõ㣬ûҲҰɣ
ôˣȻ
ֻչʾһ˿ڣ˵һ¾ͱ۴С
ЩĿ⣬Ϊ򺣾ᵹùСᣬͼʱǺ֮աҶЦ
ͬʱҶ棬˧Ҫʲô𣿡
һҪ׼Ҷ˵
ԣͬʱ¶Ȼ֮ɫ˧Ը
׼ͬ칦ƣ
ļҶˣЦ

˵ħս򺣾ԣһпޱȵѪɱ
ôسãһûз̵ս
ڶһ磬ĿСᣬڽС
صĴ󳯻ʮһΣСһΡ
һ˵СᶼǴճһ˱ĿҪΪ򺣾ͷ⣬ҪڽСϽС
Ϊ򺣾ľͳ˧ҶȻڵִ
̵ĳһλһλܸ߹٣߽Ǭ
ɣǿ϶ģСı䡣
Ŀǰפص^ջǰ
Ĵ׼Ȩİĳ֣⣬ǣǰߡĳֹҲˡ
ʸμСĸ壬ʮλ
ݹ̵ĳ֣⡣
ҶĿ⣬Ȼ
¡µ
̵ĳУԭһɫdŰһǰһǬ⡣
һ֣ڶ೯Ŀ⣬ȻͬķΣ˼
һӾȻڳ֮ϣոյִԭͳҶ濪ڡ
һҶŭû뵽ȻţҵȺ棬
û뵽ʬλز¶ʧħսߵܴ󶼶ȻҲǬҶԣ


2423 ﲢ
û뵽ʬλز¶ʧħսߵܴ󶼶ȻҲǬ
Ҷһոյ۷׷׵Ǭڣʱţ
ոյִԭķĿһĶҶϡ
ôǵһ˸ڳϡ
˲Ϣ䣬ԭ񣬱ޱȣ
󵨣
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ҶþûпԱ磬Ǭ֮УԽԽصͬʱ󶼶ԭеЦ⣬ݹݹеЦ⣬ȴԽԽŨ


2425 ֻ׶
ҶþòǬڵԽԽء
ԭⳡľ馣Ϊǰֹ֮ԣ˿ȴǲٿˡ
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£Ҷ桢㡢졢ڡڡ֣ʱˣάҴܾ֮


2426 ż򶨹
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2427 
ϳΪڶȨʱѪҪѪӽһ
ѪҪƣ⧲ֱ֮ڼþֱӺɱϾžŰ̩һڸ߲㡣
ֻѪҪػ
ȫңħ֮һ㳤֮룬ϳļ٣ȴ֮ܣѪҪʧء
ΣֻʴѪӽء
ħ幥ͣٵҹͣڸڼҡ
컯һֱӸԤѪӽڲ
ϳܣħѪӽء
򺣾Ԫ˧Ҷ桢ʿ䣬ƴֿء
ѪӽڣĿһɽһѪ
ۣ˾򣬻¡ΪԿ컯̫ѳȨİ˻Բѡ
ԭϳ򺣾£Իսһˡ
ǣѲ˾ϰٵĻ顢Ѳ˾ܽͷԽԡ򺣾Ԫ˧Ѳڶ·ѲʹεðΣѪ֮̽¡
̫ϳ󷨵ռоڷ֣ħѾʧʼħѪ
һ׵رħս߾ͻ᳹ױ
Ҫǣħֺĵĳλʼħ񣬾Ϳܻᱻ˴󸴻
꣬Ϊնɱʼħÿһλʼħ䣬ҪλʮλʥĴۡ
һλʼħź
ȨȡᣬϳֻһΪ˽ѡ
ԼѡȥѪӽصĿռ۵󣬸ħش
ȴѻҽѪʼħһʬǵļ񣬽Ҷ棬򺣾
ܻܲͿǵˡ
սһᣬ٣ǻϷǰȨҶ棬жһɱħ߻תΪĿꡣ
ˣϷȻ޷Ԥ֪
ֻϷ֪ڴʱ˿̣ʵ򵥵ѡ񣬻ţȥѵġ
ϷˣҲˣԾͺ˽ѡ򵥵ĻЯ
Ҷ棬СӻᣬŻȥȼĻƣͽˡ
ϳٰԴǱ£ˡϳٲ̷£ΪЧˣ
ڶȨͨɰٰݣ
ǵڶȨͨµļطżϱ߻ͨɵڶȨӡȨϢԼӡ
Ҷ棬һżġ
żҶ۾ģͻȻһˮ
ڶȨ֮ͨǰеζһ翸ˡ
ѪҪʧ֮ʵϾţϾŲвҶ򺣾Ҷ򺣾Ҫе
ǵڶȨͨȴϵǿȨλ֮Լϡ
Ѫӽʧһ£Ҳ򺣾ٻʼħʬǵ壬ϡ
ȨҶжһԻźͻתΪĿж
ҶڶȨͨٱ֮ʣѹû˵
ż֮ȴصἰѾ뵽˺£뵽Ҷ˻תܻ֮
ⰲš
żһͽ򺣾ٵ
ֲô׼ڵģһҲġ
ԭڣԭѾա
ֲԭֱ볡
˰죬ڴ׼һֻϹֵĺӡ
ֹˣƾ׳˶롣
ֱѪ뿪ǬڵգȴЩء
ԭȻǵڶȨͨɵһ׳ޱȵż
򵥵ġŻŸѣ
ϵʼ¡̾һĿɨȺ޽չ򺣾֮ид
ıѣ
һ㰡һ㣬򺣾ѪѫĴҪȫΪū
һһɾسæͷޱȡ
̬ʼ¡˵򺣾˲֮ԩȻˣ򺣾֮ѫ͡
˵ţĿͿҶ棬Ҷ䣬˴󹦣˵ҪʲôֻҪܸ;ģ
һȺԾ
ⷬŵֱ̫ˡ
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ڼܹ㳯Ҳһ£ĿڳֹɨȻͣʾҶ档
ҶҲ˼֮ʱڼܹ㳯˼
˻ᣬʼ¡Ȣֹ
ٿʼ¡ҶֹѲĿ⣬Ҷʱˡ

´Ҷˣ
Ӧʼ¡ᡣ
˵ҶλݣӭȢֹλҲǹˡ
ǾҶĳԣҪ˾ڸͨǺѡ
ʼ¡һҶֻҪڣ£ܹ
ʱ˾ڸűҲ¡
ǣҶʱȴЩʹࡣ
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ǣԳֹ֮ݣҶӭȢǱضҡ
ȻԳֹӣηɰסͫ˲ûκ⡣
ǲء
ҶӭȢ˳ֹҪ·ĸλã
£ҶýȢӡ
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ɲ²ڣҶӭȢ˳ֹòںεء
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Ҷͺֱ˳ֹǺߴɬĿ⡣
ǳֹ˿ҲȻʼ¡ͻȻųŵ⡣
£ϣʹ򺣾Ǳ֮󣬳๡
ȻȷʵСС󣬻ͬ⡣
һǬڣʼ¡Ԥ׼඼ЦеĿҶ棬ֹϣǸһ˿ĪĺΡ


2428 ͷ
£򺣾ħ帹תսѪսѾ򺣾һ֧Ѫ۾ʿȻ򺣾Ѫꡣ
򺣾ʱ齨ֵħŰ֮ʣܹñ򺣾ţұ򺣾Ŀǰ˾ıԱ
һΪЩħս׳ֵܣ򺣾ǿսΪɱħ
ɱħ֣Ǭڻصݡ
ҶʵڵڵĴܾԣЩ⡣
Ҷ治˵ֻǵһ
ҲӦ֮⡣
ǿһ֧Ǿʹ˽ɢֵս֮ʣʵǴܵһʧ
ƣ׼ˡʼ¡ЦеĿҶ棬֪Ҷĵڶʲô
ڵĴȺٴνڴĿ⿴Ҷ档
ڳȺĸ
֮ǰֹı֣ټʼ¡˿̳ŵٿʼ¡ΪҶ洴ᣬǼֱͲǬϡ
Ⱥע£Ҷǳųֹ¶һǸĿЦ͵£˴򺣾ɵ˾ϾšսһţǰǰʿĿߴʮ
˵¶ĸ
ŵˣоȥֵܵ޶СиҲս޿
ʹ˶£ּܹ򺣾Լʿ佫ļƾӵܱߣȻǵԸ¡
ԻõĸõչˣЩĹ¶ĸսʱŵսǵ޶ĸ֮

Ҷ˵ĹʵҶո˵ʱʼ¡һͶس
Ⱥ飬Ȼ⡣
򺣾Ԫ˧Ҷûôɵɣ
µ˼ûڳֹ
һڣȴȫΪȥʿȡŴ
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ȴû˳ʼ¡λ֮¡
ʼ¡֮ԿڣóֹǿҶ֮ϵ
˵
ҶȴȫȻˡ
˵ҶҪӭȢ˳ֹΪôҶ˿̿Ҫ飬˳µ飿
á
ǡ
һԣֹ˿ɬ˲Ϣʧ͵͵ĴףһԲ
Ҷ䰮ӣһȻ鴫£׼ˡ
ʼ¡Ӧˬ죬˭ʼ¡еĲˬ
ȺĿҶ棬ֻǶվš
Щ£ˣ;ڣ
㿷֮޲ãûл֮ǰҶ볤ֹ֮£޴̸𣬳ǳֹԸί¼ޡ
Ҷľ
Ȼ鹦򺣾֮ѫ
򺣾ľǳӴӡ
򺣾תܣѾЩʱգľ˾ɲǳзġ
پ˾Աҹæ¼ȶԵǼǣѾĲˡ
ˣǾķϣ˾Ҷʾ
ܵľ䣬ǳĸӣǽľ
ն֮Ǻȷġ
˭ɱģֻǼ¼˭ͷϵģ˭ġ
һЩĹѫƳǣܲɻȵȹѫҪˡ
ܵĹЩѫȻԪ˧߾ųߴͷͬԪ˧ߵĳͬ
ɣɣǹ
һһĽ䣬󣬻ЩЩԸʿķ䡣
ٿ鱬ħӵʿٿʿûֱӵն׹ھйס
ܺʷ䣬ԾʿӰ켫
򺣾µȻˣǷ䵽ʮͷҲ̫ࡣ
սʿҶҲһܹЩǮʹܴͣ͢һҳƺţǶŮҲһ
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ӱԾΪ
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ܾλԽϲ㣬Խ
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֮ǰһо˿̾λֱ弶ܷΪȲ
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Ҷ濴ַͷȴЩ
֮ǰݹ̵ΪҶķθը
㾲˻飬Ҷŭޱȡ
ҶҲǴӵײܶģܵĳ裬Ҷ漸һָͬܡ
Ҷ;һҪҺڡ
ǽӶ֡
һͷУľλ֮ԾҺڣҶ濴ǲ
ԣҶܸɴĶҪ֣˸ģ
һַͷУָҶ򺣾Ԫ˧ľɣ
Ǿ˾ڴܾһ˧Ŀͷ
ҶǿӲҪ£󣬾˾Ҷľٵһ壡
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˾Աǿ䣬ҶĹ֮λҪ
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ĿǰҶԣûйνؼҪԸֵܳһڶ
ľ˾ҶҪ󣬰ӵ򺣾Ҫϡ
󣬾˾ٴȷ֮󣬽˶ľͷȥ
ηͣҪʥӸλسľˡ


2429 ڷʹž
Ҷûаʼ¡ȥҪȻǵʼ¡ܲ졣
򺣾ķͣȴûһ˿һۿۡ
ƾĶۣʼ¡ʲô۲ŴԵĵۻʣҲһǿϸس֮
ֵ˶Կħִ֮ʣǿ˿ʿķͣҪҪ֮ˡ
οһεķͣҪǾλһǮƣûµķء
ԭҲֵԿħ֣սΣºߣһð
£Ȼʶսصʹͣһһʼղסͷģ·̫Ժ޿ɷ⡣
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ϳкġ硢ʥگԻ򺣾Ԫ˧Ҷ棬ڿħ֮սС󹦡شͷΪݹ
˾СԣҶܻʧȥ֮λҶ˿̻Ǳݹ
λƷֻһףҲûκα仯
ȴһȨ
ӷΪԱ¾ְ򺣾ųһְ
ͬʱ򺣾ǻٻʼħʬǣħ帹նɱħǧ࣬شͳɾñţڴƽʮ֮£ʮ
һ򺣾÷ţٱɢ
ҪǣҶʵεľְ
ܵľλְЩӡ
λλȨӰģȴְ
ǰҶǱְֻһѲ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹǱ˾Ԫ˧
ǣ˾Ԫ˧ְֻʱְսһͻʧȥȨֻھӺս±
ѲʹְλҲޡ
ǣʵȴҶ˲ϢԾΪһУӵһ̶ϵȨλгس
ǰΪ˾Ԫ˧֮ʱ˵ʲôҶ͵ʲôȴһҶȴ˸ּۻ۵ʸ
ԸҪҪǮҪԾܾһЩԱİ塣
Ҫǣʸ
ڴ֮ǰҶҪԱ˾Ԫ˧巢һ⹫ĸݿ񶼲Ҷ档
ڣȴһ
һ⹫ķȥֻҪǷϹصģԷ͵ִС
򣬱ȻϽСҲһض
ģǵˡ
ʿļ۽ʿļһֽȥֻҪԷԸ⣬ݸҪϡ
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ǰ˾о˴ǰվܵڵصݳǣҪʹϹŲ󣬵ÿԷԸ⣬ʱ䡣
ڣҶֻҪأǰԱ巢һ⹫ĹȥҪĳĳĳʱҪʹϹŲ
ݸ͵ùԹϣһ֮Ҳܵġ
ӦģҶҲֱԶ壬Ҫˣȵȡ
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һҪǺôһ̶ϵľȨ
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Ҷϣǹı£Ҷ治ϣо
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ҶȨڱڣͬħս󶼶ԭһ
˱ȨҪۿۡ
ϣ壬Ҷ֮ǰҪǨ򺣾ʿļ򺣾Ҫ󣬶ʵˡ
򺣾Ԫ˧Ҷķ͹󣬵ڶʥּȻǶһɽķ͡
Ҷǲ˾ģԽдµĲ²⣬򺣾ţȴۻңͼء
򺣾ܲıһ˧Ⱥ֮λɳ
ɳ֮򺣾ħ幥Ƶһǡ
򺣾ڶ˧Ⱥ֮λ
СС򺣾ڣһӾͳȺ˲Ϣ򺣾ȸԾ
ͨʿԣǿĸ߸ϵĹˡ
ۼԼҵľ˧ΪǸ˾ְͱˡ
ཫ׷ĦȭƣҪԺĴսнҵ
רǰķͣͲôĿˡ
ţ֣ʱһȲڡڣȲִħսūŵȾ˧ī׼㱻ΪȲ
֮£ʮλ챻ͷΪӾͷΪоĽ죬нʮλ
ڱѫλģУξѫλˣаٱ׷ߡ
˧ѫλȴΪְԭʱûС
֮⣬ʿ䣬֮ʿĳƺš
ȻЩʥּˣֻǾһġ
һʱ䣬򺣾פڣ׶ܱפӶɺˡ
ǴʷԵ֧ӷ;һΡ
û취򺣾ľʵʵġ
Ҳֵħȫ֣¾һ㣬խ
ҪȻ죬ܹ쵽һ֮Ϊء
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ҲҶ˵ʱܹһ鱨˵ţȴϢĸҶһס
˧ѲӪ֣һʿԸָηʽ


2430 
˧һ룬Ҵңǧֵܾ㣡
һ򺣾Уξֱһ̳ƣĹҶ澴ơ
˧ĺãֵǶţ㣬ֵǿûܹŻ
˵˷ʹͣЩȥֵܣǱʮ
˵ĺӣȻ飬˫Ŀ죬
ž̳Ĩһ۾˧Щֵлл㣬ǻŵֵܵӽ󣬶ģȸΪ
Աϣ̳ʹڴһ̳ˮˮˮһ档
Ҷû˵ĿУξһ̳Ȼеľ룬ͷһʱУξָ
ס򺣾κһֵܣǻŵģģ
ҶĻ򺣾һ˳ǰƵľ٣ﲻҶһͬʣÿһƣ߾ɡ
ⳡ棬ʿ׳ŵǰ׷׸ƽֻԶ۵Ԫ˧Ҷơ
Ҷһһˤ˾֮Ѫͷ˷ܵĴУ޲̾ΪҶЧʾģ
ȵĽɹ򺣾ľĸһۡ
νϡ
򺣾ʹͣʼ¡
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УҶһͬǰţȴ괫Ҷ㱨⼸Ρ
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ˣǾ٣ְߣһͳǧ˵Уξ
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ش˧²һ룬ȴҲȥˣж׷顣
Ϊʲô
ȡߵļ鱨УݣշתػʳǡݣȴǱ·ѲѲ񽫸˳ȡˡţѹĺܵ͡
»ɣ⼸ˣпؼల򺣾еѲ˾ӴˣѲ˾Ͱµİ̽
˵ţͱտڲԣʣµݣѾˡ
ҶЩĬ
ظģǰӴؼѲ˾˭Զ϶Ǵʥʼ¡
ΣҶѾԤϵġ
Ȿǵһ֡
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²ұ֤еĶϵ߶ᱻԣ¿Զ϶򺣾ڵİ̽Բֹ߸
˵꣬ţ˧߸Ѵ˧ļһǲһᰲǳ£
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ֻΪ˽򺣾һЩԼ鷳顣
ſսƣñƲһߣ鷳
ˣһվɣƽʱԶͺáǸУξԺҸɱְһ
Уξһľ٣򺣾ڣмˣһӰ鱨ϢռһϣҶҪ
⣬ʱ䣬һ򺣾УξУξϵľ٣ûϸ
УξУξϾٵļҾ죬ȷãҲȷڡ
Ǳߵİ̽ãǱ͸ٷϾŸ߼ĲҰ򺣾ҲҪˡҶ˵
ף
ͣȻ񣬵жȣƺҾɲġ
˰죬ͨ;ʹ˽и߼ȴ
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͵ȺҲԴʮˣʮУиֹ⣬ҲԴǧꡣ
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һӾоͲһֻܴиֻҪսͳ군ˡ
ԣĺѵá
ϣһһѡ
ļ壬Ǵ˽ļ壬ĿǰľλҲһ̫
ڣֱһȺɳֻϸһȾλ
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죬Ҳʱ³Ӷ˰ɣ
ЦţҶ潫оһ죬ǰѫ˾쵽λȷʵλ֮ٴҪծߣ죬֪ʲôĪ
򺣾Цзӯʱһź׼һš
ŵݺܼ򵥣׼뱱ݹҶ棬ǰ£


2431 ֮
Ҷִʱ׼Լʱ䣬дʱ
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سΪҶȢֹҶȴˡ
ⲻ˳ֹӣʼ¡ӣ˳ֹġ
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ЦţҶ˳ųָֹ˳ֹļɽϣϰϰһƺķ˿ҶǰƮ
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ǿ϶ģܡ
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ֻңҵݣҶôΪѡֹ۵顣
Ҷԣ̾ޱȣıΪĸݣŮֱ
֣ǴܵСƽޣȢ㣬ޡ
Ѿ˲µ䣬ʱѰǽںεأֽںεء
ԣֻܡ
Ҷ˵ֹ꣬ѾҶĴϣҶҶ
ʵȻܾҸʵĺ⣬Ҳģȴϲľ
˵ǲǺìܡ
룬ҪڳϴӦȢңô֪½飬˵㡣
Ҳ֪׻᲻㣬Һֹ֡˵
ԣҶһô˵ԭˣ
˭˵ģûأֹƤһЦ¶һ˿
Ҫԭ㣬ûôأ벹ҡ˵䣬ֹȻǵסҶֱۡ
ã˵Ҫô㣡
ңصЩӣϾʱ䣬ҡ
ãû⣡ҶӦĺʹ죬ٻ𣿡
ţֹס˷ֻǵһ뵽˵ңֻҪ뵽Ͳܾܾ
ܾܾҶϳ
㻹Ҿֹܾ֣ȻšҶ⡣

׼ң£߽׼׼ڣҶɨһۣûзˣЩ⡣
ţ´󶨣һ¾;¡Ϊ¶ЩϵԽǰͨ׼׼˵
ţ£׼ָ㡣Ҷ湰ֵ
һ£ڶȨͨѳѾôˣ򺣾Ѫӽ˵ĹѶͨɵ¹ڣ£Ҳöˡ
£ⲻ󣬹ؼǵڶ¡׼˵
ڶ£
ûǻ֮׼˵˵ͷ֮λȻ
Ȼл֮λҲʵ
ԣ£Ҫ»֮λ
ǣҪףԭ¡ֻм֮ȨȴûȷѡȨ
˭ΪҪȨ¶ʱ򣬿һЩһҪ֮λף׼һء
ףҶصĵ˵ͷ


2432 һ
ΪڶȨͨżˣҶݣϯйصڶȨµĻ顣
ĿǰԣҶĻ֮λҲֻΪ˻̫֮Žȶģϲ̨档
ԣⳡ飬ҶֻϯֻûκηȨ
ҵǣǴܻԼˣǶѳߵ٣ԣڸ߲㲢ûʲô
ĹأȨܹᣡ
ѳߣܳͨģᡣ
ϧǣڶȨͨȻѳȴĳ̶ֳϳеѪҪʧأѪӽʧصΡ
£ĻվԹڶȨͨɡ
Ȼ񣬵ҲԽܡ
ͬģĸҲ޷ĳ̶ȣֻԹ
йأְȨְʱͲͬʱ
ԣڶȨͨɣʵûоλġ
ڶȨͨͨɵֱϵˣڹŮʮ
ֱֻϵֵܽãڶȨͨɼ˿ڣǧˣҲһеȼˡ
ҪǵڶȨͨڣȻᱻȻȻķ죬ҲµĶ
ڣͻȻѳ˻ûг׵ĳɳ
ڶȨŮУ츳ģֻһŮ
ͨĿǰΪߣأְһ
Уְ˾߲͡
һЩӦչˡ
ߪͨΪ
ӸֱӿԽҴԽΪչҲˡ
ͬʱͨɵУ߾ְģܵĴ͵һһʮʱ䡣
Ҳ˵ͨԭܵ¼ܵǵռ
Ǽ¼ռ˾ǼĴ
һӵʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ͨҺ󱲻׳ˡ
֮⣬ʼ¡ܹٷҲʹ͡
ȻͨûоλͨȴԴشͷǧʳأﲻðᡣ
֮⣬١
ִܺĲ
νüСѲ
ʹܵķͺ͸ȥˣǵײִеξ˵ˡ
û˵ڶȨͨɵչˣ˵֡
ҶȻ⣬ҪͨҵΣ飬ҶȻָԤ
ңڶȨͨǸλãҲǲ١
ܳȻ㶼ѪڶҲǺ
ҶƣӦǵڶȨͨɽлտһӵܵԭɡ
ͬµģл¡١
ݹģᣬ¡ѳ޹ʧһ
ǴܵķĸڶȨͨɲࡣ
Ψһ𣬾¡ӶڻǶôΪڽңƸΪ˻
֮˾ĸչˣ˺ܾãֱǽ
˿ûн˼
ôȨеһ𣬲ס
ԴҵΪ߲ʮ¶С˼ԣ¡
ΪǾ֮λԻļλ㶼׼μӻ顣
˽ģǻһ̤´ɲǣĿ⣬ĶҶϡ
Ŀ⣬ҶһȣǰĿֱȼ˿˿̡
ǻǿƵĸ׼ҶԺ
һֱսǿļ֮£֮λҲҡ
¡λʱⶫѽѷ֣գ¡ԵڶȨͨΪ׵һȨ֧֣λ
ⶫͳ˻ĵһ
ǸҲ˻ӽһܹ¡ͥ
ڻиٹ̣λȫհ
һε֣֮
л׼ѡ
ЩʵҶӻڵͳ޻˽˲١
ҪǻڵΣ޻Ҳֱ˵ǰҶͳ졣
ͷ֮ʣҶһˮһתʱͱ֣ҶĻؾ˹ȥ
֮λҶǱġ
¡̫Žеǵֻ̫Ϊ˸Ȩ
Ҷ
ĶҶ棬һ۵Ķɢʱøļλע֮£üëͷ׷ð̣æıܿ
ˣȻ˶ˣǽ֮λȿڵǴ׼ࡣ
ǰ¡Ѫӽزѳ֮ǰ֮λڳıݹҶ棬ԲлҶ˻̫֮Žȡ
˵׼ɨ´λȨԼĸһۡ
λûʲôĻôϷ뷨ǣԭ¡Ҷֳ˻̫֮ŽȣҶλ
Ǵ׼һ˵¾ܹͨôҲõһεȨˡ
׼ĻأǻһͿˣ׼ĳ֪һ¡

׼Ҿ֪¡֮λ̫ŽȴҶһ£˭Ŀˣʵ


2433 ޵С
ʴ׼λȨλҶԣ˭ˣ
һ͸֮ˣǿޱȡ
ϷȻûǣ¡ЭҶǶ޿ôͳ̫ŽȵġȨİһʱ̬
ȨİˣûҶ棬ܻܲŻ˵أȻǷǳᶨ֧Ҷ档
һ۵ȨİЦȨ¡ɣ̫ŽȽҲڵһʱ̫Žء
㣡
ȹ磬õȨİ֣ڷ֮ʱȴɫֵ
Ȩν¡ûκ˿ҲֻҶԲ˵
ҪôҶǲҲ˵յ¡лطĲл괫
ҶǺ˵¡¡Ҫ֮λңҽ̫Žء
󵨣
׼һȣ˶Ļٺݹֱ׼ϳȥ
׼ֻʵʵ˵˸ӶѣֻڴӲ˵Ȼ˼¡ԣôҶһ֮ǣôأ
׼˵Ҳǣ˫һ̯ʾһ޹
׼ˮ뷴ȴƫƫ޴ӷ
ⶫƺҲ˵ͨ
ҶһͬĳֹһȴҶ浲ס
һɲǣҶ泤𣬳Ŷָŭһ¡һ̤ħս޵ֻ࣬ڱŪǷǣıŪ𣿡
һȻ
˭Ҳû뵽ҶķӦȻ˻𱬣˵ļңֱָŶıӴ
Ҫ֪ڵıޱȡ
ȻȨҲ֣ҶˣȻҵô˵棬ָ˲Ϣ
ɻڣ߾ڣҶ̺֮ŭ쳹ֱӽĻˡ
Ҷ¡ɱħʱ޵С
Ҹ¡һԿ컯ܶԿ̫֮ʱ޵Сˣ
Ҹ¡һǿֲ̫ĥͳѪӽʱڶȨȨлˮ˾Ŀã޵С
˿̣¡ΪԿ̫ѳҶŴŻ˾շתɱħǧ
СкʸҸ¡
ҲС޵࣬ȥɱб˼֮ϡ
ȨңֱΪ飡
С޵࣬ȥǰȻߵڰףˣֱĳ裡
Ŀɿڴ
´Ȩǡǣ׼ڣҶⷬŭ֮£Ŀɿڴ
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֮ѹס޷ֱֺ
⼸ǽڵϣźȰˡ
㲻ȫ棬ֻҪһ㣬ⶫҲóһ롣
㡭
㡭
˿̣ѾȻҶ˵žţǵͨ죬ΪϵԭоȻ˵̡
ıˣ
Ǹŭ̶һ˲䣬ⱲӴδ顣
˵ڶʱ֮ڣ˿˶ʺӡ
ָҶ˵һ֡
ʲô㣿
ûи¡ȥѪӽأѵʵ޵СˣҶԥֲһǡ
㣡
˿̱Ҷ˫üɫ뷢һը
¡һȥѪӽأѹС¡費ԸڻУһ¡ͥôСһ¡ȥѪӽء
ڶ
ǣҶһ˵ǵСһ㡣
㡭㣬
ļµĶȻͷòױһ仰ŭһֲĳɫƶϯ˷ͻһðųɫľˣڵϢ˲Ϣ䱻߶£Ҷ档
ܱߵȨ⧲֮£ɫƱƵòִٻ׼ڣɫƵı£ֻȻػϾ
ϾⶫǵڵĴڣһֻܾͨˡ
ֹкէеϢشһ޴ʵ֮飬
ֹ죬ҶķӦ졣
Ҷ淽ŵһըʽŭ£ҶѾϵⶫп߳ŭ׼
Ʒ鱦׹ϢĸһһףŶͷ¡
ףȻ̫ף


2434 ֱ׳Ĳ
䲻ݷ𣬻һ𣬾ǱըһڵȨǣ㾪
ǷӦδ׹ѾӶͷй¡
ڶȨУ˿̵ĶɵһĻԪϢȻͣôһɲǡ
ͣ͵ʱ䣬ǳĶݣ̵Ժӡ
̵Ժӵһɲͣ͵ʱ䣬ע˶İܾ֡
ɫĳ׺£׹ƣͣð̣һ˿һƤսζ
ವһɭȻĽɷ֮չֻǰһɽѾ˶üҪ
˿˿ɭȻɷѾƿƤһѪ˳£ۡ
ҶɽеڵΪ˿Ҳ
ԸоֻҪҶüĵĽһͣԴͻ̱ϡá
̺ĿֲɷпشɢԪ顣
ҪǣоҶеɱ⡣
νɱ⡣
оðշҶҰ鱦ĳͱţȻԽϡã
˲Ϣ䣬Ǳʩ˶һվԭز˿
ǽиͱˡ
֮ǰҶһͨ߳ŭ֮£뿿ȭͷһسӣû뵽ȴҶȭŵססҪǸ
ڵȨȴһĻˡ
ڵˣ֪Ҷʵˡ
ȻΪڰ벽ȴһǿӲ
˽⣬˶ģҶǿӲܵսս۷ǵڵսͲˡ
Щ˵жԸǿߵսûʲô⡣
ͬһĸ֣Ǵġ
ţ£˭ûɹ
ΧһǿȡʤϢĨȥλ֮󣬾ͳɾǿе
˵飬ʱ򣬴һûٸɰ
ԣǾҶҲӦġ
ڣȴǾˣ
Ͷͻ˵ڵĶҪ䲻
սǵеˣ¶
ҪҲлôˡ
ǰͱҶ¸ûƢսǴһСӵʵȻô죿
׼ɷȨУߣõ
Ҷ˿û߷ߵĶͷҪըѵĶֱӰɷ
ǰΪӦԿܵĳͷҶ滹ڻع;УͽɡܾɡɡܹͨɷĹá
ڳϣռλԭŰֻ
˿̣Ŀ֮£ɱ˶ܣҶԥİɡ
ɣڼ˾޹ʹͬߣ٣ɱͬߣ
Ȩİôڵ͵شһս
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ڴʱһֱûпڵĴȨˣû뵽İֶҲϤִͷ˵ģЩˡ
ĴȨִɷǶ壡ֹҶԺ
ɣ޹ʹͬߣ̱٣ʩ֮ǰ÷޹ʻİ˵ǲǣ
ЦţĴȨŵȨİ˹֣ҵְڣԣһʡ
Ȩ֮أΪԹͬţɫʵ
һȨ¶ڽ֮ɫڽѡ
ʾ£ɵҲñʵɳ
شȨҲԹҶΪʵǸӵǿʵ
ţֻһʱһͬһλҶʵûʸһ˵
ޡ
ĴȨһ˴׼࣬׼ȱัһ¿ܳεҶĽҲпԸ׼Σ
׼˫ĿʹҲĴȨһִۣƽɣȻΪпԸǾ˼ɡ
ĴȨͷ΢΢һЦֿ˶Ȼд裬ҶʵΣǷʸλ
ûУ
Ĺֱһֱ׳ģ
Ӳ
ҶЦһһ죬Ҷɽ΢΢һʱһ磬ȴѾ˶ͷǹ֮ϣĶɫΪ֮һס
Ԫ飬˿ȻеĸܵҶɽµĿֲɷˡ
ֶһһͣͽβ˵ƫƫԣ޳ܵЩˡ
ϵĵЦⲻ䣬תҶĿ⣬ȴ̺Īĺ⡣
ҶȨִɣⶫΪǣֶΣ³򣬿𷣡
ˣһ˺֮ͬɾⲻˡ
ҶԲɵȻֱҪⶫĴָˡ
ֱ׳ֱһƫƫɷĴ޻˵
ҶɲִɷĴȨӲǲɵ
תһĿ˶ͻȻǰں
ʵڲף°ܽʲôģ
Ҷ浱泰ЦĶǵ֮ͨ࣬ȴֱ׳˵ɣ


2435 ϼ޻Ȩ
׼λȨǻר޻ϵͨطĻʲô鱦
ҶŻң˽鱦֮⣬ѹûжһ˿һĻϵͨط
ˣΣҲܵǻĵ
ҶȻһ
ֱ׳
ⶫֱ׳
׼ڣһȨڶⷬУһ˿һë
ֻоͨϵͨط֮ˣܳλɣûκë
Ҳԭ򻮷ָġ
ֹܹ֮ʸһݴ񣬺ֱӷΪΪʲô
ΪֹʥŮУعطԳֹΪȡ
ô˿̣ɣ
ΪҶ棬ҲɣֱȻ
֮
ߴȨͼųͻȻĶҶһۡ
ߴȨͼųҶ϶ͷˡ
ԣҶŵߴȨͼųԵĴЦûͼŴȨԣ֮֮
ЦϣҶָЦô˵ҪǶûϵͨط㣬Ҿʸλඣ
һתûмŻش𣬷˫ָ仺ļסҶɽĽ⣬ٺһЦҶܲܰÿ˵в֮£ҿɲ˵滰
вȣ޵࣬õв𣿡
㣡
ҶһɽˢػתȴٴαҶᡣ
ôˣǵһǰ˳Ա
Ҷ棬ǶԴ˵ֶ֮
Ϊ˵֮Ȼϧһд۵ͼɱ˻¡衣
ֱǰѪԸȴں󷽰ŪǷ֮ˣҶ漫
ȻѾˣǾҶҲ˿壡
Ϊݹʮޱȵ򺣾Ҷξ֮У
˹һڣſʼشҶ֮ǰ⣬ҪڻϵͨطսҶֻǴһ˾̬ȡ
λҶλѡǷŵһʵ
սʤ֮ܲܵͲҶܹˡ
ǿǴ׼λȨȨ
һ⻰˵˵ĵˮ©
ӮˣǾ˵Ҷûʸλһ㶼ˣ׼뼸λȨҶλҲǲܡ
Ҷ棬Ҳ·ܲܳεÿλȨ¡
ԣĴȨĵ˵ͷֶӣԽԽгϢˣôꡣ
ԭʮǰͿԳƻһְʽ̤߲㡣
ȴڶȨͨϼλȨƳ¡λá
ϧǣ¡ù˲Ȼɿճλá
ԣһΣǶһҪû֮λõ֡
һǶһ֮˵һȨʢ
Ƕһָȵҫ͸һˡ
ҵ̴ĺܺãڳĴ׼Ȩǣһϼ޻ô̶ҽ¶ȫء
˵֮һֱδڵĴ׼ͻؿˣҪλȷʵҪڻϵͨطкܸ衣
ʹĿǰڻϵͨط衣
׼˶һ䣬ɵðףЩ⡣
һɲǣ׼໰һתҶܹڻϵͨط棬ܶôҶʸλˡ
ͬʱҶǻǰ¡Ƽѡֻ˻̫֮ŽȵϿɡ
ȻˣǾҶսһɣҶʤҶƻΣ
׼תۣʵе죬ֱøԵĶס
ȻͽһλĹһսϱˡ
һ˳ŶҵĻ磬оݣǶĴȨ뷴Ҳ޴ӿڡ
ҪǷ£ǰʯͷԼĽš
ľ߶ҶڷλȨôῪڷ
ƣ
׼ԣ
һȨ׷׿ͬ
תۣõĴȨЩ粻ҶĿ⣬Ǻɡ
ʵ벻ף׼ǿģڻϵͨطıƴϣȷҶʤģ
Ҷ汾ֻа벽ǶʱڱĿӲڵսڶҶĽֱˮĺ鱦ġ
һ֣ܼǿƷ鱦
ֱʣȨȲϡ
ǣϵͨطıƴУҶ鱦ɶá
ô׼ôģһսµ֮λأ
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׼Գ棬һս֮λľȻûκ⡣
Ҷս֮ǰϣ׼ͬ⣡˵
׼ɾһ֣ˬ飬̫ˡ
׼ȻǾ֮λһսôܶõ̫ŽȣһսУҶ;Բܶã˵һҪ
ҪҶսжû̫֮ŽȣôʤĻᲢ
ԴˣĴȨĵ˵ͷֶӶͷԹȻ
׼ЩԥĿͶҶ棬Ҷ棬Σ


2436 
Ҷ棬Σ
׼Уѯ֮⡣
֮⣬ǲ̫ŽȵĻûаգ
ûаգͳƾܾҪӦ
ĴȨϵЦŨڴ׼˿ĺɺ͵ģ˿ȴԿĺ
£էһǴ׼Ƴףʹ˶»֮λ
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ͲˣҶһ벽ڻϵͨϵ裬ڲ̫Žȵ£ܹսʤڻϵͨϿ˼ĵڵĶ
ҪǱ˵ǶҲһͷˡ
һΣҶǶʧȥĵ̣ڱصá
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ҶӦĺˬ죬׼ǵһƳ
ҶҶʵѾļʶˡ
ֻƴϵ
һ뵽Ҷһϵ鱦׼ͷҲԶ
׼ҵĵڶҪǾҪҶ֮䣬һĻϵͨطıƴ˫κ鱦
ʵչ˫ڻϵͨطϵ衣
ҶմӦ˳ĵڶҪ
Ҫô׼ɫһʾ⣬Ϊ׼һʵף̬ȷ漫ȵȨİȲ
ҲУҲУôҶԸ˫ָһأ
ȨİŨŨļ֮⣬Ƕȴ˿Ϊ⣬ٴֱ׳Ŀڡ
׼ȨλȨȻⳡսǻ֮ôؼģڻϵͨطϵ衣
飬ֻҸҶڻϵͨطϵ衣
ңϵ鱦ֹҶУҶҲСȻһЦһɢǿϢĳɫСһš
֮Բ鱦Ϊ֮ΪҶߺܶ࣬߶鱦ӳӦ󣬲ҶԿѡ
˵꣬΢΢һЦҶأ
ⶫĽƻ޳ܣҶǼʶˡ
¼ɵҶеĺ鱦ȴ˵˲ҶԿ
鱦Ʒֵ֮ġ
Ʒ鱦Ʒ鱦֮޴
еС죬һƷ鱦
ҶȴǷⶫĿࡣ
ûκ⣡˵һд裬ϻôô࣬ҪһһǲҿΪս𣿡
ҶЦһսģ
ⶫĳǸǹҶһε֮£Ȼûзŭ
Ȼ֮ǰ仰ϾҪҶͻȻ֣ҲԤı
ǺǣҶĪż¹ػ֮λӰպǲò׼ò˵׼
ţȻҶͬˣôһսͲκ鱦ͻֻƾĻϵͨطûɣǾ䡮κ鱦ͻҧĺء
Ƕϻ˰Ŀġ
Ҷ淽űֳĺ鱦̫̫ǿָмء
Ҷͷһõĺ鱦Ҫʧˡ
ԣ˰컰ҪҶܽȫȥ
ȻԼΪϵƸϵͨط裬ѹҶ棬û֮λ
û⣡
ҶӦһȴô׼Ƥһ¡
ϵˣ˰
ȥҶܹΪߴڵĶԿѹҶ档
ҶԪ˧ҪϵҪöΪҲѹƵ벽ż֮£Ȩİ괫Ҷ⡣
İĿһ˿лĺ⣬ҶĿ⿴˶ʲôʱʼ
Ƥ񡢿ƲҪˣƤҶûǸ¡
ɾѸһʹ졣
ԴϲæһȦҾˣ׼λȨͬŸҶ֮һд֤
֮ȿڣ󶫷һϵλȨ뼸λ׷׿ڣǳ׵춨˾档
գȨవ̾һѶⳡ䣬ıѾãʱѾ޷ʲôıˣֻܽˡ
׼ͬ⣬ܿģһ˾Ʋڵȼߵ䶷ռڡ
һķԲλڸ߿յ䶷ռ䣬ռӳ֣ڲԲӰ쵽ء
Ҷ룡
Цţһŵ̤䶷ռ䡣
룡
ͺһҶ̤䶷ռ䡣
Ϣ֮󣬿ʼ䣡ɵȨİս䡣


һ
ǵȨİҶ붫ͬʱ˿ֲޱȵϢ
˵Ϣ죬һɲǼ䣬ϢѹҶһͷԶԶԽ˹ȥ
ǵڵʵעġ
һɲǣս΢΢һףҶɢԪϢȻٳ˶Щ⡣

һŭУһĽţȻһȭҶ档
ȭӰڼ䣬ȻһֵȼյӰ
ȻֻаƴСǻֵɲǣܱ߻ĳȳ̶ȣȴʼɱɱ
ܱеĻϵȫӰһɨգͷХУݺݵĺҶ档
룡
ǶҲе
ʲôȻ˶ҵ˵ľУ׼͵վ


2437 Ӯˣ
ǶҺպ洫ܾ޴
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ǰĶȭУ۳һͷӰʹŶȻ۳Сˡ
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֮Ҳ˵ڵĶ׻ͨĵڵǿߡ
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һǶӮˣ
ֻҪõ̫Žȣ̫Ž֮ǶңͿʱĻԻͣٳһλ컯ʥ
˲Ϣ䣬ȨҶȨǣһĻ׷װ̾һҶ䶨ˡ
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ҶѹûͿȭȫעԼ飬ʩչһʽ½ĻϵطɱУ
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ǣڲϵ󣬵ҶϵڵһȦȦȴڷɿС
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״ĴȨҡҡͷûõġ
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Ҷĵġɽҽһıֱ⣬붫ĻӰͬʱ
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һǵġɽĺ£ֱӱҶõɶ˫ȻҶĺ£ɽ̼ȼ޷档
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ʱ䶷ռѾɫĵĴȨȴҲҼ֣ס֣䣡
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ҲڴʱҶָĺɫͻȻ̣Ҳ޷һһ޷ﵽ֮ǰġɽĸ߶ȡ
ĿݽߣԪѹե˾ųϴѣθУҶ͵ش״̬лָ
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ոձԼĶҶ仰ֱ߷
Ӯˣ
ֶξʹ˾ţ֮Ҳˣ


2438 ޱϷ
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2439£̫
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˶֮λöҵķӦ˼Ұɣ
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2441 ˾֮
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ҶĻشնޱȵļɫһǻ컯Ϣط·ɽһҶ棬˲ϢͽҶ籩ģ治裿
һҶ潫̫Ž͵һ٣̫Ľɫ䣬ҶԼ籩ʱƽϢ
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ҵĻ˧ĳˣǴʥУҶɲóȻѯʡ
ֹһᣬĿĿҶ棬˾֪ѹûϸ˽ʷޣ


2442 ©
˾Ǵʷб֮һ
ԵڶȨ֮һǧ꣬ǨΪ׼꣬ǰһһǧ˰ꡣ
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Ϊ̤ʥȴȻʽ컯ƣΰԼǱޡ
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2443 ŸĴֱ
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һ͵شһ顣
Ȼһ磬Ҷ򺣾Ԫ˧ɲȱ֡
ҪҶ飬ǻ˵ã
û⣬Ҳܲ
˲Ϣ䣬ͳŻ˾˸ɫ
¿²ס˾лڡ
ΪβףҶ۾¶㲻ͷгͷĶͺð졣
صһϵͳӴÿ࣬ҪӻǮʯ
ЩˡԼԡ
±ߵЩͨ˾ؿɽҵۣԼǧơ
ǶǵǮǿҪӵģ
ԣջسĿԣֿĿȴǲС
ӣҶЦѲɣǮգ췴ɣ
˵Ŀηӭȥ
Ҷ͵ؽıֱǱҪִأ
һһҧǵһ֮
ǵִ⵹ʩΪ˾񲵻ص׼λȨ棡
󵨣
Ҷ涸زȻŭ͵˳ɫⶸطɳ˶
Ҷ澹Ȼ˱ŭͻȻϮ˭ҲûϵǶҲǷӦֻĿŶһ첲ն䡣
ɫĽ⸴ֶڶӡҪҶ𣬡Ѻȥϼӿܣ
ˣ͵سҶ粵һЩҡ
˭Ҳûע⵽ϱѪȴϢʧˡ


2446 й
Ҷεһ죬¾˾Ȱ赹ʩҪʲô
Ҫȥ㣬ҪȥȨ㣬£ǻһͣһ
˿̵ĶҶ棬ʼЩ㣬ǰƻûء
˿˰˴ίֻܳҳһܺӡ
ӹܻķֿ⡢Ŀֶѣôǵʩˣ
ҶĿһָűȥõĶķ򣬡˾ֹֿĿϲ⣡ġй
ֳڵɲǣҶȻɭޱȡ
˾꣬λ˾ڲ̰һɵ㡣
ȥҪλ˾ڲ̰һͬʱصλ˾ֹֿ̲Ŀʵɣ
Ҷһʱסˣλ˾ڲ̰һȻԣ
һΣҲУҲУ˹ˣǲǱ
һҶ߳ͲˣټһӡȻһ˿һ
λ˾ڲһоϲλ˾ǲ鶨ˡ
˵꣬ҶŶٺһЦǶȥ棬ô涼ԡ
λȨһ絣֮ҶЦУǼ
һ죬ҶڳЦֻ֪״ء
£ҶǿӲʹ˾
򺣾ϰһϵҶȻʼֿ⣬Ŀ
£Ҷ澡ķĹأ˿ʵ
ԭ˾ڲһˣţѲ˾е֡
Ѳ˾ֶΣҲԳҲĨԭ˾ڲһĽʵؼҶҪʲôĿġ
Ȼ˿̵Ļи߲ע֮£ͷһɱΪʥĶ趢ţҶҲŪ̫
ҪƼ˶裬˵Ҷ棬費ҸڣϢĸɵļɽ˵ʱҶ޶ûطȥ
ԣҶѾ˻֮ĶҵĲԣȻˡ
Ǿǻʳܱȹ
ң֮£ҲԸҶȡʱ䡣
һЩȴҶͻʱȫͻƣнϵطһͻƵ
һͻƵҶԣһء
֮Ҷӵܹ붫࿹ʵҲûš
ĿǰҶȻ̫ͨŽȿԿһ̫𣬵ǣ̫𣬶Զ׼ʥԣֻѡ
ֻҪøۣǿԶԸһ̫ģϾҶʵѹ޷̫ӳ
ڵĶȥ죬ҶԼȴϢĶռڡ
ռڣһͰɢϢѪҶǰ
ˣѾⶫҴܴʥ˾ĵʮѪڱȽԶѪѪȷԶ˾һûЩӰ˵顣Ѿڵȴţ˵
Ҷȡ˲֮λҫ棬ţҶ棬ѾأҶЩ˽飬ȫţһִá
۾ǻʼԺǹլ˾һŮ߸ʮϰ٣Щʱ֪˭֡
ԣЩһҪҪȻҶشʵ飬鷳ˡ
ߴԼжѪĶ٣Ҷʵ
شˣѺȥʱֶ˵ֽţߣԼж֮һľѪţ
֮һˣ
һɲǣҶһתһطۿɼɫԪ⣬͵زװѪĴͰУ˲Ϣ䣬ͰڵľѪͷһԾ
ҶԪ鰢ڵһطʮǰĳλаɸִר׳Ѫ֮аط
˱ƽ½ɱط౻٣Ѫطȴ
Ϣ֮󣬷ŻɢϢĶľѪͻȻʧȥ˹¶ȣҲûκεϢɢ
ǣľͰϿգȴƮһСɢѪ顣
Ҷ渴طӶѪ۳һѪ
Ѫ̺ٴʥ˾Ѫͺ˵ˡ
ϾѪй̣临ӣһУѪԽԽᱻһһϡ͡
еľ鷢֣ԽǿѪڷܹУԽ״ȥϡͳ̶ԽС
ҲЩΪԽǿĴڣѪԽѵֱԭ
Ҷʱת״̬УҶɫԪ鶸ع⻪š
תĻ˧µķ֮ɢŲɫ⻪ͶشҶԪ渡֡
廨һɫҶԪġ
ҶϸĶ˰Σ֮ǰָҶԪһ֡
ʵʼ֮ǰҶͷ֣ȻסԪ飬ûȫԪ֮ϡ
Ԫ֮䣬ԼŽӽľ롣
ЩȥҶԪ֮ľ룬ѾС֮һľˡ
ҶƲ⣬Ԫ֮ľ볹ʧ׵ϵԪ֮ϵʱ򣬾׵ķʱ
ҲҶżԭ
ΪҶɴƲǱ޵߰ʱ䣬ϣġ
ҶײʱռǱˡ
Ҫǧʱһҹҹķǿ붼Ŀ¡
ҶҲƷĴмҡ
ʹ಻£Ԫϵʹ࣬ʮٱ޷ʹࡣ
ôӢܣ㶼Ҷǣ֮£ūȦ֮¡
־ǿᶨԪ鷽ĥʵ̫ҡ
ܣã
ȫעУҶ潫ǵĶڵѪ˲˸֮ϡ
˲Ϣ䣬̵İð
ǵζڵѪ붼ֱӻޣȴôһ㣬Ϣ֮С
۹۲ȥûκα仯
Ǵ˿Ҷ滹Ԫ鰢Ԫȫ֮ϡ
κϸ΢ı仯ӲǵԪ
ã
ã
ҶԪ鰢ͬʱ
ȻûԪϸ۲£ǵѪ֮ûʲô仯ϵĲ棬ȴʧһ㣬ʮ΢Сһ㡣
ȻСҶԣȴһޱشķ֡
Ҷǣպ󽫻һΪ۵Ļ
ȻҵǣҪùˡ
Ҷ洦ھϲ֮ʣڻӰؾ͸Ҷ洫һϢ
ӵʼ¡͡Ҷ漴ǰʹ¡


2447 
ػʹ£ûҶôׯء
෴ģʼ¡һ֮Уʼ¡ڼܹ㳯֮⣬޵ˡ
ʼ¡ǺĺͰǴȻϸѯҶйħսԼħ帹ݺᴩ顣
ЩҶһһͬʱҶ֮ǰ򺣾ڷֵѲ˾ؼ̽һ£ҶͷһֲõԤС
ʼ¡֤ҶԤС
Ȼûв͸ǽȱˡ
ȻħսϺħ帹ڣҶΣע⵽ˡ
Ͼ򺣾ɵ׳٣˵޷ʵֵġ
ħɲɵҪȻҲܶʮ֮û׳
ţҶһЯɴաɴС磿ʼ¡ĿҶ۾ʵ
ɴС磬ܲȱ෴ģܶࡣ
ĵʥô࣬ôСﻹǲٵġ
ǣɴ顢ҿЯܴɴͬʱС磬֮١
Ǵܣмǿɵ飬ȴ١
ģһˡ
һˣżԣѹβʲôսԼֵ
ǣ򺣾˾Ŀǳʮġ
ʮĿսԼֵȫһˡ
еôãʼ¡ʼڽտڡ
ر£ȷʵУʼ¡Ŀע£Ҷ˿϶Ļش
Ȼʼ¡ȻĲˣôҶٷϣûɶ˼ˡ
Ҷشһһֱڼܹ㳯Ҳһ
ʼ¡˫ϲŭɫУҲ¶һ˿ϲҶ̹ϣ
ˣ֪ҶСܹɶˣ
£ʮޣ
Ŷʮ򺣾ǣʼ¡Щɻ
ر£ǳϧ۸ģʱڣʮˣҶ油һ䡣
һʼ¡Ҳ˷ܵĴǾ
мλϣʮʱͶŵкսλãǾд˱֣ոʧأָտɴ
Ҷ䣬֪
£˱ÿһʩչ۶ÿһΣĳԪΪۣҶʼ¡ͷһˮ
ʼ¡ȴһҲΪ⣬Ԫ޷ǲԪĵرңҴôÿһԪҲ޴󰭡
Ҷ棬Ը⽫˱ʱΪãոʧء
ʧ֮ɫҶʵҶ˽
Ҷһ˵ݽãһ費Ҳν
ɱħ
ǣҶ⹦ģ
˱ǣ̫ǣ浽컯ֲĴڡ
㲻裬Ҷ߶Ƕô࣬Ҳע⣬һע⣬ôҶھ֮ء
ԣҶҲײס
һԣڼܹ㳯ҶʩɫҶ濴ˣҲףȴ޷
£룬Ǵ˱ʦŴµرȻ˳Ѫ֮Уκ˶޷ʹá
ңÿô˱һΣĵĴԪֱĵĴԴѪ
࣬ΪֹǴ˱ٶΣǳҪӢˡ
ڼܹ㳯Ϊ֮Ȼʼ¡飬ȴǶת䡣
Ҷ䣬ѵԪ;ѪĵرҲ𣿡
ĵرԪվޣңԪײĵıԴѪûкʱ䣬Ǻѻָġ
£ûдӰ벽ͻƵǱԴѪĹԭ򡣡
Ҷ˵ܾķǳףʼ¡һ˿һ룬һԵ㳯ġ
ʵ鶸ת䣬ǿϧ
޻ָħϳȥλصĴ󶼶أû뵽ǿջϲһ
ʼ¡У͸ŨŨʧ͸䡣
ˣҶ򺣾ôˣ
Ҷشʼ¡ֵñ֮ʣҶ򺣾ʦɲá
ҶҪͷԱ㾡򺣾

˳֮ҶǣȻÿɬ
δѾԤϡ
ò˶ս֮ʱ򺣾ᱻΣյս
ţҶʼ¡иӦһ˿ɱ⣡
ޱȵɱ⣡

飬ģҶ淽˵ǱȻѪÿδ߶ĵԪͱԴѪһ˵мֿţҶ˳֮ʼ¡һ
Ĭһ£ڼܹ㳯£ūҲ޷жϡ
ˣ֪ΪѾͷҪػСˣ˵Ҳա
ūңūԲңڼܹ㳯͵عؿͷ
ãʼ¡ĵˣɣ
⣬վطѪȥһλ˯ʥɣʱ
һڼܹ㳯󾪣£
ôҲҪޣʼ¡㳯Ŀ⣬Ǻ⣬㳯æ
ūңūȥ죡
ţӦò©ɣʼ¡ź
ūǱµˣǱµĹ
㳯Ļشʼ¡⣬ȥɣ
ڼܹ㳯һŴҴȥ
ʼ¡ȴ뿪㳯ĿУ
飡
Ըⵣһس֮
ֻǴ֮£¾Ȩᣬѷ
ܼؾȨģ˾»ȨǾ»Ȩ
ֻǴô꣬»ȨϷ䵽ʵ۵Ȼˡ
ȴôһرеľɱɱпӵмսƣݻܶ֡
ҪǷߣǾͲһϸĵ
Ҷ浽˵Ǽ٣ȻҪˣȥ֤
صҶ棬磡
죬ȻԵĸоʼ¡Ķɱ⡣
˵Ҷ֮ǰѲսѹݹʵ벻һ
ǾҶǹ³վģʼ¡ʥһ֧
Ҷиġ
ôӽⶫԹҶףȻ׵ˣȻ޴档
֮պҶڳϵ÷ǳС
Ҷｫʼ¡»ȥˣǣһױӸ»ȥǾͲеˡ
һãӽ򺣾ᱻħһߣѪĥһĿħһߡ
ʼ¡ʥּ֮£ҶȥҶ͵ȥ
ʱ򣬾򺣾ܴ򣬳Ѫս£ò˶ã򺣾ͻᱻĸɾҶ桭
ЩܣҶ治롣
Ͼ飬ҶѾʶˡ
ұҪδѣ׼ˡ
УҶڿݵ¿˼˰ҹͼһ㣬ֻˣ
Ҷȡ˼ݾܵСͨѶŲһһ


2448 ԭ̽
飺λ˾˽ףΥ޵ӡ֮£ֹʮΡ
ʵλ˾ְ䣬Ȩ֣Ը߳г۲ɹʣлƷʯʮࡣ
ظְɷ̰ʮߣʮ꣡ڷطۣ
ڣҶͳ޻һһ۵Ҷε
ҶĽ
һԣһ˫Ŀȴ޿κΡ
ٿڵصĻ˾һ䲻ģ
ֹʣǳҵԮ⣬н֮
Ȩ̰ʮƷʯöķŭˡ
ⶫֱ̫Բˣս˾λã͸ɳ飬ֱ
Ҷ汾ǱҪҲأѲ˾ֶΣûжڱţҲ߳
ⶫãĸ£Ͱ಻סıȡ˽ʵҶ˸š
ô˵
嶫εڶȨܽɵĵĴȨҲǶһϵ֣Ҳû
Ĺ棬ǵصҪġ
ԣȻ˿ΣһͱҶ˻˾ҲûκƢֻű¡
飬ԭ˾ڲ̰ܻһ£ǱɱΣУ
ɣٸԭְ²ϣʶ˲ٺһ꣬Ϊ
޻ոһˡ
ʲôеߵڰף
Ҷͽеߵڰף
Ȼ¡䣬ʰԭ˾ڲҲǿƾʵݣʵġ
ڣҶ˵ĨȥĨȥˣôУ
ʰˣٽȥ·ôõ飿
üһһͶȻУԡ
ɲҶһá
ڳĸ߲н֮Ƕһϵġ
ֽҶҲǳԲҪߡ
ͬһɲǣŵһУһڶһϵ㶼һֻһڣһȫ뿪
ǣڸ̨ϵҶ棬ȴ·ѾϵһĻһڶ֮ǰϿڡ
㿪֮ǰȿɣҶӳһ
ܵĽסһ£ǰҶԣ˽ȥۿ
һɫͱޱȵѿ
СҶ͡
˵СҶµѲ˾ǰ̶죬ȻڳôĶ
ҶӸУֻ¼¡
ֱǻҴе˾ڶ˵һЩ¼
һЩΥ£̼һؿۣѹڣȡᣬǣ浽е͸ߴ
öľģһʮǰȻҲҶ淭˳ҵѲ˾֤ݡ
Ҫ֪ǶҵĿִ꣬ƻǸ෽棬ԼǺϵġ
ңһôģ֣̫ˣǼ˻ȨҪЩ޷첻̫ܣ޺ۼûκġ
Ҷ߻ǲˡ
ЩһʵôĻҴе˾ڶͳͳ
ʵ⣬ҵ̫ȨҲ첻Ǵܵιء
һ˱㣬ôǶһϵڻڵĻ̣ͻʧȥ룬ǶǵĴǷǳ޴ġ
ңҪ²飬ǣ飬ɾͶˡ
Ͼγܲࡣ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷȿ˼ˡ
ν
һν
Ҷ򣬾ǱʾԲ׷˵ˡ
ǴأͺܼˣͨҶĿǰ
һ£һڽµĶɬһЦԭĶ󺧡
󣬶ջ˿ȥţվλá
һڶϵļ˾ȻҶ棬¶Цݡ
˶ɡ
Ȩȡ
ڶԣҶȻ֤ˣôǶҵõʱ䣬Ĩɾˣסˡ
ֻ˾λˡ
ҶԣһʵһģΪƿػ֧ûڶ֮С
ԤҶһҴе˾ڶͳͳ£ôؽӭǿҵķ
ңؼǣҶĿǰЩҪλãҲûкʵѡϡ
Уһϵ⼸λȥҲͽܡ
Ϊͼ֮
ؼǣڻϣ˵Ҷˡ
ôҵ̫Ȩ׼ʥ裬һֻ̹ĺ֡
ڹؼʱ̣ԲκιԱֱõҶһӣҶߡ
ҶģҲԸ⿴Ҳ˽Э
ֻҪû˻˾ĲȨͼ֮һҶΪͽҶ泹ջػȨʱ
ĿǰԣҶǿƵ޻ͳ죬ټҴ˾Լյԭ¡Ѿջ˻ȨĽˡ
ֵһ˵ԭ˾ڲˣԭ֤ʵҲʵһȷʵҲɱΡ
ԣȥҲԩ
νʹʹߣλϣܹģ
Ҷʾܻɡ
ԣҶ澭ǣǽԭ˾ڲ
ڲҲǵ˵ĵˣȻҶһߡ
ԭԤƵĻڲһδƴҶһ֮£ʧӰ١
ûбߣЭˡ
ҶҲ̵ʱûһȨ
ˣܾȡ
ⱱݹҶ桢һףҲ

ڲ٣ҶĿ£ͿĽš
ҶĻǾӵһס

Ȼڴ󲿷һϵƿء
ôҶȨȽԼߵŽ顣
ڼУҶ˻رһӡ
ȫǾɸѡģǶһϵ
Ա֤ҶڵһʱõִС
˾Ҳһ
ڻæµʮ죬ҶݹҲʰˣҶҲڵһʱס˽ȥ
Ҷ漱С
ΪҶĿǰ񷱶࣬ܲϴڻڡ
ɷɭϣ򺣾Ľǣÿǳ鷳ԻǴԼĸۡڱȽϷ㡣
ǻ񣬻򺣾ԼѲ˾񡢷صĹ񣬶ʱá
˵ҶպյĶݹҪһʢĿʽܸ·ף֮󣬲ܰȥ
ҶȴôںЩģ⿪ʽû㣬Ϣİ˽ȥ
ǣʽǱҪġ
򺣾ĸϵŽҶߵһ־Ҫѡһӡ
ЩҶͳͳˣЩըӼȥš
Ϊǹ˽£Ҷⶼæ͸ˡ
󣬹ʼһ䣬Ҷ濪ʼרעԼ顣
ҹҶһͻγһ߸ҶϢһģһӰڸھ״
Ҷı壬ϢʩչݣӸ׶ݳȳڳǣصףޱСĵĴصص׵󷨾䣬ֱԭصס
ǰҶԭϷֵϢĳЩ뷨Ʋ⣬һֱҶ
һΣҶò׻תأһֱڼƻԭһ̽ʵ
죬˻ᡣ
ܿģҶ͵ִԭʼԭصס
ûãҶĺˮ͵һֵɲǣҶ۾͵
ԭǸطˣ


2449 ĺô
Ҷ̫źĴбȽ硣
̫źĴУҶõһֱֻк塣
ҶΪͻƵ֮Ҷһֱ̫źҲˣϾƺܵһ
ǣҶΪԽԽߣʶ;ԽԽߣŷ֣̫źȻֻһ塣
ȴƺС
ǺˮαֻףǺˮ꣬Ƽ򵥣ȴһС
ǵˮ֮󣬾ͳ˧һҶķɱɱ
׵ķܣƷ鱦
Ҷϲ⣬ˮܵ;
Ǻˮ׳ȴҶеĻҪࡣ
Ҫ̫źצеϢˮ׳ҶԪΪҪࡣ
ˣôˮҲ̫úˮĹһֱһֲϲµм״̬
ʱҶͷУ֪ԭµ״ܲ׳Լĺˮꡣ
һ֮ǰһԭصףҶĺˮڵĺˮ꣬͵֡
ǲ󵫿ȥɽĺӰչ׳׳˻һ
УһϢͻȻʹ˷ӿҶĺˮǰ׳˻ĺˮꡣ
Ҷĺˮĺˮ꣬ۿɼٶȿʼ׳
һ߳Ӱתۼһࡣ
ҶԸܵˮǻϢӵĸ߿
˷ϢҲԽԽࡣ
׼ȷ˵ϢǴҶĽŵ·ۼġ
Ҷͷһ߶ݣ³
Խ³ˮۼϢԽ׳ٶȾԽ졣
Ƕ̶̰ӵĹҶĺˮڵĺˮͱ׳һ
úˮӻ֮࣬ҶҲǻϲޱȡ
ˮ׳һôʹźˮڵطҲһ
׵ķܣ»ɱ
״ҶЩɵڵǿߣܷƻˡ
ϲ֮࣬Ҷٴλ³ˮ׳ٶȣˡ
ͻأģҶͷһĪķ꣬ͻȻһѪɱ˵ĳ嶯
Ȼı
ҲһɲǣĻ˧µشҶԪ
ɫһһðҶͷĪķ꣬Ѫɱ˵ĳ嶯˲ʧʱͻָ
⡭
Ҷһ𾪡
ʱ˿̣ҶȻףħ֣ȴٻˡ
һΣҶ淢ͷ۲ѵĺô
ħҶȻжϡ
ˮɲǣҶͿǰĺˮ꣬˿ɷ磬ԭˮĿ˿̾ȻѾѪһȺ죬
ƺǸӦҶԪ˿̵ĺˮѪӣҶԪķ׳˻
ҵҶүƵϢУ̺ЩĲʸԹԼɷ㾹Ȼֱգ⵨ӣ
Ԫ鰢ѵл̵ĵ٩Ҷ棬Ҳˮеĺˮ꣬ҪǻգѾһֻ֪ɱ¾ʧȥʶ˹
žžžžž
ɫıӰ·һһЦԪ鰢ͷĳ
С̺Ҷ˵ϢʱͳԪ鰢޵
֪˵ҿӺ״ˣС߳
⡭ⲻûҲҶү԰
ӲȻĿŸ״ڳԿ쿴Ҳȳԣ
žžžžž
ɫӰ£Ԫ鰢ˣͷҲˣҲˡ
Сֻߣûֵͣ˼
鵽Ԫ鰢ȴǼˣſֵһһǺ
ǡҿ챻ˣǻסͷ
ҶĵУ鱦ʮԪ鰢ԪһĻӣֱ۾ˡ
ͷǲ𰥣ңһǳƤ񡭡
Ӧó鲻ġԪ롣
ϵ鹬У̽̽ͷðһ䣬С飬ãҿɲһ
ϵУǶе飬Լ׹еһӰ¶ĿڰԪ鰢ֺǺǵЦƺֵӣţÿţ
ƺǸ
̫ŽУ޴ĽӰ̽һͷûпЩ
ͷ
Ӧϴɣ
ϴôҲֲǸëûѾͷɣ
˰ɡݣЩ˲֪ﱲƺЩݡ
Ȼ󣬽ĬĬջԴԪ鰢󰤳飬СҲˬ
ǺԪ鰢еٲңҶĵ飬Ҳûһڡ
Ԫ鰢ᣬһʹһ߸ģҲҵģС֡
ߣһΣÿС˫ֲһӡ
ԲˣԲˣ
ԪҡҡͷԪ鰢⻰˵ٱˣʮ飬һٱ飿
˺ϷҶ棬ڽĿͶ˻޺۵İ󣬡󰡣ʵ⣬û˵ôأ
ʲô˼Ȼ
ҾǾģ켱˵㣬ΪҪһ㣬Ѿ⣬ȫðٳ飡

Ԫ鰢ȻĿע£Ҷ߳һսѪ͵ػһѪ⣬˺ˮڡ
ΪƷѾԽ˺鱦ں鱦鱦֮սѪ죬Ѫš
֮ɢˮһиϢԹɷɱͳͳıսѪɢѪ룬µģֻϢ
̶̼ĹҶĺˮѪ˫Ŀͻָʱʧٴλָε䣡
ͽˣ
ԭ˽취ѯҽɴͷң
ðҶģҲ̫ˣȻѧˡ
žžžžž
ӭӰģһıӰ˷ϢٴҶˮڵĺˮ۶
ǻϢеĸָһӴսѪɢѪ⣬ͱɣֻ´ޱȵϢ
ֻԪ鰢һί
죬ǱҶӲ˰
ҶȴԽԽˬ׼ȷ˵ҶĺˮڵĺˮԽԽ׳
һʱ֮Ҷĺˮ꣬Ȼ׳̾Ҷĺˮһͷ׵Ӱ
ҶĸӦУ£˷ԽµϢҲԽԽ١
ˮ׳ٶȣٴα
ǣҶ³ٶԽļӿ졣
ҲҶΪǿѾصףɿԼ³
ͻȻ䣬ҶͷĪľס
СģԪ顢Сʾͬʱɲǣһ޵⣬͵شҶĽŵ׵ġҶϣ


2450 Ǳݹ
޵⣬ˮһһҶĽŵס
ޱȵᡣ
Ҷ棬ȴ׻
Ϣĺˮڵĺˮ͵˻
һһ㷺컨ƵףʱҶȫ
ͬһɲǣ鱦ʮԪ飬ɽƷ鱦׹ޡǶ顢ͳͳܵԷ
СǷ˻̹ӿ
ǣ鱦ǵԷվ˰벽
ۼֻ˸һ£ͳױɢ
ǵԷʼҶ֫ĵ£·ѩһɿڡ
ǽţǽŲӣСȣ
⵴ϥλõʱҶڵ鱦Էڼʱ֡
⡢⡢׹⡢Ŀռ䲨Ⱥ
Ҷڵĺ鱦ͬʱƺһ⡢⡢׹ҲɢֵĿռ䲨ȴҶȡ˱ʱ䡣
ǿžʹҶ˲Ϣ϶ǧ࣬Űǿ޺̹ĹΧ
Ѫע˫ȣҶ浹һ
̹ģôô
⻹ʱһôصˣ
СҶľڵȫתţҶʧ˫ȣʼ
󷨣ȻϢҶӦ
ҪҶ鱦ܻпռ鱦ʮԪ챦鱾ܻ
Ҷ죬˵Ϣص׵ˡ
״ˣˣ
Сͻ
ҶüͷһһѾصеѪҹüͷһ塣
Сһºۼ
һ̹һһپ̵ʱӵϰ׷Χϸϸ˲ϢͽһѪҺϢɵĸɸɾ
Ȼۿɼٶȿήܱߵһ塣
СһУҶϢݵܱеʱλ˸ϵ⡢εĽٵĵִϸϸĲ鿴
ףղͳ˵ĺ˵΢Ĳǹ鿴ƺûʲôһɻ
ϸɣϾͳ췢ˣ
ϸתһȦȴСĲҽӽҶ淽ųµĵطԣãҲûʲô֡
߰ɣûʲô쳣뿪
뿪һ֮ҶСķų˿̣Ҷ˫Ȼָ
ֻʧӴľͰαԴѪ
ټȱҲҪһ۵ġ
ĺ˵ʲô󷨣
ҶԸĵڷʣ֪˭
ǣ顢ԪȶԼͬĽĿ⿴Ԫ鰢
СӼ򵥵ģɫӰȻ߸𣬹Ԫ鰢ҪǸ˵һ֣ͻȥ
˿̵Ԫ鰢ᡣ
Ĳȫ֪ȫܵģ󷨣û
Ŵͷ߸ıӰԪ鰢ΡΡĸĵװҶүдͷҶ췢ģ󷨣ǵһ
̫ʧˣ
СһӰԪ鰢ͷ£һɲǣ󶼿
Ҳڰ󶼿ʱһƬƾշɳӲĵסСµӰ
СµıӰ̺Ҷ־ûгɢƬ⡣
УһֻڵӰԣ
Ȼ̫Žȵ̫Žڡ
ҶסˣСҲסˣһ鶼סˣԪ鰢Ҳסˡ
˾
ˣȻǸֳӲ˵Ϲ̫Žڣ
١ĺ˵󣬰һĲ֪
˵֪֮У֪ˣҲ̫࣡ŽڲϰڳƺҶΪ
˵ţ̫ŽɨһԪ鰢˫ĿУȻͷųһ˿⡣
Ͼ顣
Ϊһ泬ʮϼһ˵ûļƣš
ģȻҶ棬ôУ͵е㻰Ȩ
չ֮⣬ŽἸˣҲҪġ
ʱ۲Ҷ鶼̫Žᡣ
С⣬ֱӲǡ
ӵĹ죬ȻǿϢеȻ֮⣬ûɶᡣ
鱦ʮԪ鰢Ԫ̫ȥúƭһֱչˣûʲô¡
׹븽Ƕ飬û¶СƨŽ᲻ˡ
Ȼ󣬽£Ļˡ
ѩ̼Ӧÿ£ϱ۸аĽˡ
ô˵֪ඣҶ۾
Ȼڵľܣĵ֪ҲҾһһεˣ˽⡣
ô֪̫Ž̫ŽڵѾƺռһ˿
Ҷɫһˣϲߵӣ񰢳ģ
һ죬׹ѾϢĸ̵֣ըͣ
̫Ž͵شһս
꣬ȫ·ƣκּۻ۵Ļᰡ
ۿҶɫԽԽƣ׹ϵ׹ԽԽԽʢ£̫ŽҲͲˣֱͲһйĺ˵Ҷ棬Ҷ⣬Ź
Ҷ˼䣬̫ŽĸԪ鰢һ괫
˵ϵܣӡ
˭ϵأͻȻ䣬Ԫ鰢ļȲ
үݺؼʱ㻹֪أ˵һӵʸûУ˭ϵܣ
ıֱ̫Žڸסˡ
ģôģӸով㰡
ǡ
̫ŽֱȦˣʲôš
һ̫Žٴλڣǣ˵ΪʲôҪѾͷƬӵ۸أ
㿴ֻҪ֣֤ѾͷƬӲ۸㣡
Ԫ鰢˴Ŀ̫Žڣ̫Žֱӷë
ͷϽë˵ʰ㣡˵꣬Ԫ鰢̫ŽһЦ̫Žֱͷë
뷨ҿԣ
СٺһЦӰٴ̫ŽڵӰȥ
ţ̫ŽڵֻƾһǿסСıӰ
ǣСıӰУҶϢΪһ飬Ҳ޷ֵġ
Ϣ̫֮ŽھͲҽһ޺޵ţҲƵӻ̫Žڡ
´Σ´Ҫҷ㿴֣Ҿø״ֱӽڣҲ㣡
Ȼڸ״յʱԹֱۣдС˫ֲ޺޵ŭ
̫Ž׹СڳͷͷҶʱûء
Ҷʱе飬һԹۡ
һԣֻԪ鰢ЦһļЦ̫ŽƲѡ
ôļһ
ͬһʱ̣Ҷоĺ˵֮ʣһӰϢĳ˽Ҷıݹڣݹ
ݹֵصһλռʮλѲ񽫣ǧȻûһ˷Ǳ뱱ݹϿյˣ


2451 ҹ
ܿۻʣΪ
˵ĺ˵󣬾ǿʥ漧һʥѰҳѹܹ֮
Ƶ̫Ԫ֮Ϊ鱦ϴܿ˵ΪǼܣѹģȹ̴ܹˡ
Ǻĺ˵
̫ŽҲ֪ⲻ࣬⻹Ϊб꣬Ϊĺ˵һܻҵܲӸģ֪һϢҲޡ
⵱Уһʵ
˵Ϊĺ˵ΪѰ㹻ѹĵĲϣܵʥǣɱһĴ
̫޶Ǹʱ̫꣬ŽڣҲʱ򱻸ɵȻƳ顣
Ȼֻǽнȣڣۡ
ֻȻٵĻٵģĶֻһֱ˲ŵĵ㣬˻֮ͷ
꣬ҵģˡ
ǿ󣬾Ѫȣӵ꣬õѹصĲ֮һ
˵꣬ĺʥɱѪɺӣ̫žܵЩʥǣԭ£˲Ĳϡ
ԭĵԭ֮һ
˵ողɵİڣҹйԭʱܹԭص׵Щ̫žԩ겻ʵĲҽ
ˣҶ淽ģӦǺĺ˵ˡ
ĺ˵ǼʮǰϰʥϴܵΪѹзֲʵ
Ȼʬ궼ѹܹ˵ģôͻɢأҶһɻ
̫Žԥһ£ջǳûˣֶΡ
Ϊϼ޻ףǰһǰˣֶƺõġ
ԭǲй¶ģʮǰطһޱȵĵ𣬵ʱصĳǽ˴룬˵ǵǨ
ҹƣӦѹܹ˵ĺĺ˵⣬Ϊ֮󣬾ħ֣ƣӦս˽Ĺ
ң߲㣬ڣյһõռϰֶڲĵر񣬶ȵĺڶûм롣
ҿֲ嵥뵱겼úĺ˵һ
ҹţҪ޸ĳ󣡻ʮǰǴش𣬶Ժĺ˵һˣ
ҪȻѹˣҲᶪʧɲУ̫Žϼ޻ļһѾתʼҶֵּˡ
ҪûӣҲôá
Ҷţжؾ䣬˵̫žʬĺĺ˵ĳѷȱڣɢ
̫ŽڽԴĸСһ
ȻȱڣҶûҪȥһҡ
ĺ˵ܱߣŲٻʼҸѲ߰ɡ
˾޴ѲߵЧʱͲߣݵҶ棬ֻ˰ʱҵһ޴ĵصѷ졣
ѷ촦úˮҶ棬Ҷ涼ܸӦͣɢϢ
ҶĿ⣬ȴ޴ĵصѷϱߵĲɫػĻ֮ϡ
ɫػĻ赲˴󲿷ϢɢСϢͨȱɢ
Ӧ޲Ƶ󷨣޲Ч롣
ҪǣҶԴػĻУԼԼĸӦ˿˿Ϣ
ֻҪĵطҶͿʩչͨ
֮ҶݣͨػĻȻĺ˵ڲ
ĺ˵ڲǸߴʬϢҶЩ
Ҫĵڵĺˮ꣬óɳ̶ֳȣ
ҶȴûмŽ롣
Ͼ̫Žԣĺ˵ѹܹ˵Ĵ
ôҶҪǱȥߵϢڻܹˣڰܴܵĸˡ
ԴܵķҴܵĹ£ҶĿǰɲ
ڲҶ滹еġ
ǣⲢҶɢϢ
ȻϢ̫࣬Ҳ٣ҶĺˮҲܹɱɱ׳
СҾ׳ˮ꣬ɣ

ػʹڣڼܹ㳯ŸոյϢܵƾʼ¡ǰ£ͯѾȷϢˣˣ˿ȷʵݹǱޣͯϢʾǷ֣
˵أʼ¡һЦЦ㳯Уȴ⡣
㳯ûһ˿һĲһȫƾʥãūΨʥǴӣ
ԣʼ¡ĵ˵ͷ
һ˼⣬ʼ¡´ְͯɣ޵ĿǼսԿռǿԣԪһɡ
ޣˣַ棬ĸӦû֪ɣ
У⣬ػʹͻƾһ˿ĺ⣬㳯Ҳһ²ӡ
ǣʥͣūȥͯū֪
ûϢϢĲһֱűݹλһɫ۵΢΢һ
⻪ã˲Ϣͱһͷģʦģ
ģϢҲ˼ʦϢ
һת֮ΪʦͯĿһ޴ӡ·ʯֱӸҶıݹ鷿ϥǸӰ
޴ӡǳֵɲǣѾǽ鷿ͬһɲǣݹŭ


2452 ɱߣ
޴ӡ鷿ɲǣѾɹͷͯĿһЩ¡
һƾˣǣһĿģţ
ݹǸϥСӸһ£Ȼ̵ʱڣõǼսԿռ
ĵһĿ꣬ڶĿأ£ҶԪȥ
Ȼĳ̶ֳ϶ԣڻʳǵˣһ¶ǽʥӣλڼܹܣģڵһʱĨɱ
飬ϴι򣬵Ȼ飬ǰҲûٸɡ
ȻĵĿأתߡ
ôܵһݹر˸ɵķˣķ粨
Ҫַ粨ĳʵķУôһֱݵõ
ҪȻ컯˵ΪҪϢĸɵһ벽СϺףǾڷ֮䣬ѹøôĶ
ôĶΪµ
Ȼƻֱ¶αװĹͷܡ
Ϊ߲Դǽˮ
ʦĹͷΣֻԷһһ㱣նѡ
ƻֻҪһܵܵʦеϢͿˡ
ʣµģͿѲ˾ķˡ
ԭһУƻޱȡ
ûõ컯ִУ޷죡
Ȼˣ
ԭڼܹṩϢѾȷǸڱݹˣĿ걱ݹɡ
ʮþȣ
һȥǸΪǱݹҶӰȻɢˣ

£ͯ컯֣ͻȻ鲻ˡ
ǺεȸĻ÷ܹϳɱ壿
Ժһ˲֮ߡ
纣Ԫ˲Ϣͽݹɨһ飬ûзκһűɢķϢһˡ
ݹҶ棬
ͯ˿̵
д̿͡Ȼ쳹ͯȻףεжʧˡ
һϢٵռϢٳķ
ôڣֻгһ;ˣ
ӰһΣͯͻһĨʧ
ոոϹλݹֵĻռʮѲ񽫣ֻüһޱȵĴţʦĲַΡ
ΪûκϢ鷿ռһѲͷͬʱһɫѿޱȡ
Ѳ˺ѷεʹǣҶһġ
ϢֵҶͳĿһ䣬ʲô˧ûأ
ѲʱסˣֵռҲǾϲѡ
Ҫǳ⣬ֵռ
ȥȫ飬κ˲ó룡
һ䣬ĿʹҴ뿪
˾ȻɱҶ棬ֱˣҪĿ
ΪĿǱҶǣ꣬ˣҶû¡
ҶҪˣҲҪꡣ
ԣŵϮ󣬼Ըû£ĿͶ϶˧Ҷû£š
ؼģȷ˧ҶĿǰ״Ŀǰ
ǻţ
Ǳ˸°ˣ
Ǹɱ˧ǱǱݹֱǰȻһ˷;Բͨĵڵǿܹġ
ݹȻ½ãǸڵľȫհӪһף;̶ȣһҲЩݹй֮޲
ĿжϣǵڵļһԲ򵥣
һʱ䣬Ŀ˸ڵһ仨ڣ˸Ҷĵһϵʽ
ϵʽҲڱݹ׼ġ
ħ帹תսʱǱʱ˧Ҷϵʱ÷Ѷй⻪ħע⡣
СͨѶŲпռ䲨Ҳױ¶١
Ҷͽн¼ԶһЩľϵֻҪҶڷԲ֮ڣ̵ʱϵ
ңκ
˿̣Ŀһʱ䶯ϵֶΡ
ȻĿҲףϵֶΣӦͷСйء
Ŀ²ݹڻУСµϵķ
һʱ䣬ĿͨСĴݽҶԺС
˧⵽Ϯ鷿ұ٣֪ôΣ
Ѿ֪ˣںܰȫûκ⡣˱٣Ȼһ´ɱʱϸڣȻ֪ҡ
ͻȻҶĿľ֮࣬Ҷ棬һĪĸо
ҶôˣҶĸоͬһȵĺˮһ
ĺ˵ȱϷҶɫЩѿ
ոտʼȱϢ׳ˮڵĺˮ꣬͸ӦڸڵӰ⵽˻ԵĴɢ
Ҫ֪ҶӰɲӰͻƵ֮
Ӱӵǿ
һӰӵҶ汾Ϊɵʵ
ãҲֵܵһһǿߵս
ǣҶӦȴǣʵߴһӰһƵϢ֮£ֱ
һƣжǿ
Ҷģǵ۷壬ûˡ
ңҶĿǰ¶ʵҪ˭ҪɱҶ棬ʲôĴɱֶΣһڻ۷ȥɱҶ棬̾е㿰ˡ
ԣƲ⣬ҶȻģŪãɱߺпһλ컯ˣ
һ뵽˾Ȼɳ컯ɱԼҶеᣬжѪ𣬾Ȼϧ컯ˡ
ϾҪ컯ˣܲԱҶûаա
׻˭أ
ԭ

ħ壿
̫һ壿
ֻǣ
Ҷ޷ȷҲȷ
ܿģĿʹһĵϢ
ϵѲ뵱ջֵռһĴţӰƺΡ
ңֳһĵϢ
һ㣬ɻռ̽ġ
ĴʦΪռ϶֣ļ˾ǣǳϤ
Ǹոոϵݹţ죬ֻĿֻǽԭԭϱҶ档
ûκεĽۺжϡ
ۺж׾ٵġ
ⲻ˸ɵ
ǣҪ飬ĿǰĻ£ҪǸһɱҶ棿
Ҷģö߲϶ǳġ
ش飬߲ҪܹǳսŻ
ֻ˭أ
ң˵Ҫ࿼ǵһ㣬ƫƫУϴԼҵأ
һʱ䣬ܣء
Ҷ뷨еЩɶ˭ɣ˭ûȷ
ˡ
ҶüͷʱҶĶڣͻȻʹ˴͡
ˣɱ¼һ㲻һķ֣ԸԸ֪
ػʹڲֲ͡һ䡣
ʹ֣Ҷһ³һ



2453 㲻ʣҲ
ž
ػʹڣʼ¡ƺݺݵĳ˹վǰͯϡ
λΪߴ컯컯ͯȻһƳĴһģ̵ʱ¡Ȼֿʼٻظ
컯ıܣͯʼ¡ǰһ˿һ컯ϢӲһơ

ʼ¡еķŭƺ֣ڹ⻪˸ռƺڲ
޳ָİΪŭҡڲͣһöӡϣڵĿռ𵴣Ѹٵƽ
һ컯Ȼһ벽ķԻ󣬾Ȼķϳɱ壡
ô꣬ǻˣ
ȷҪã
Ϣŭū
㳯ͯͬʱͷ̿ޱȡ
ߣ޴£޴˿̻ǵĶУʼ¡һĹӣȴĶڼܹ㳯⻪˸
ʱ˿̣¡Ȼĳ뷨
ҪȻһλ컯ˣȻϳɱ飬ôܷ
㳯Ȼоʼ¡һĿ⣬ô꣬λʥ뷨
˿ܲ
ֻǣ£ܱ⣬ܽͣ
ǰλʥӣҪһĹһƽϻޱȵĹ
ͬʱ㳯Ҳǰп࣡
ϣûκֽš
Ҷ棬ΪֹԭڻػҶ棬ǣһССҶ棬ѹܸıǰλʥӵҳϣ
ʼ¡촽ţڵգޱȣ·ǰҹһ
ڵص컯ͯڼܹ㳯ͷ亹乡
ͻȻ䣬⴫̵ͨ£˾ʮ֮ҪҪ£
Ǽ¡㳯Ȼ״˾Ԥ˿ҹΪ¡
ܵƷڳ⵽ɱ±ʮ־ˡ
˵ģȴ´ĺӰ죡
أǴܵģҲǴȫĵطڳǣ
ԣסڳǣ͸һ
ΪڳǣֻҪ㲻Ǳܳ͢ʹ˾Եİȫ
ʱ˿̣سȴڳ⵽˴ɱ糯εȵȻ󲨡
Ϊ£оסڳǵĴܹǵܵв
ػʳд̼Ǳһ㣬Ҳʼ¡ԼԲܽܵ¼һ
Щͷʹüģʼ¡һ
£޽ּؼѲ˾ͬ飡ô޲ܣǣĴɱߣħ壬Ӧôɣ
УҶǱߣ޲ϣκģ𣿡
ūף
ף򡭡ʼ¡Ĳһ˿顣
£ūǷҪڵصͯٴοڡ
ûִκ𣿡
УʹصУĻڣΪգ
һ£ͯӦūף

ֻƾһҶû취ԭʹڵεġ
·֮󣬴͡ڵһʱ䣬֮ǰԤʩչͨѰõϢ
ͷ˻ʹڵν̸
ǣʹڵǸطռһֱһ쳣Ĳ״̬У´ȫֻһ̸ֽ
ǣ½һҲҶ˿һȷһˡ
ĴɱߣԻʹ
ʼ¡ָġ
Ҷģǡѡ֣
ܣֻЩΪԪ˯ߵ컯ڣҪѣ
ֳ˯ߵطֻҲС
֮ʼ¡һλ컯ˣǰȥɱ
ɱ֮ġ
ҲҿҶûڸǱޣҲҿҶµķ̫ûɣѿơ
λ컯˿ۣҶ淢һС
ҪҶ΢һ㡣
߽ûǷƣλ컯Ѱʱ
Ҷ¾Ҫ֮ˡ
컯ˣҶƾ̫Žڵ̫ǿԿһһ
һλڰе컯˵İɱҶûκģ
һ㣬Ҷʮֿ϶
°Ϊνս㾹Ȼ
ĺ˵ȱǰҶĿǱ
ҶĵڣһԪ鰢СҲȫտڲԣѾܵҶķŭ
׼ȷ˵һʧһĺ
ĵ˵ҶЩǰԴûκιеġ
ΪҶ½
ʵһ׹˶ԻУ
ѣ
Щ꣬ҶԽԽĴ½ܣԴܵĹԽԽǿ
ңҳ϶ԣҶһֱΪܵս
ħսǸϣ
˵ҶԸģѾ˴ܵһӣ
ڸղţҶںĺ˵ȱǰôʵջǰҶסûнȥ
ûнȥպâ˵ڵϢΪ̫Žԣĺ˵¹شܹˡ
ҶĿǰŴܵķԲҴܹ£
ǣתۼ䣬Ҷּ־ͱһЦ
ڹˣȻҶһڷȴͬʱֱӽҶڹڣ
ںĺ˵ȱǰվãҶ³һ
㲻ʣҲ壡ȻˣǾ͹ֲˡ
һɲǣ⻪һãҶǸ㣬ʽУٵ˺ĺ˵ȱ֮С
ĺ˵ĵһɲǣҶĺˮеĺˮ꣬Ǵһ£˷ܵĿ_
һЪ˹ʣ
ÿһУЪ˹һ˷ܵ˼¡
Ⱥĺ˵ŨǧϢʱͷ·ˮһںˮУһӿҶĺˮС
ҶԪ֮ϣᵽ˼ΣյϢһ⻪˸
׹ҲҶԪͷĿ׹˸ţͼڵһʱ䵴ħа
ںˮϢУ㶼ܵŨ纣ĸϢ
ָϢһԵϮɣҶԪ飬ڵһʱ䱻
Ҷĵ֮еսѪ죬˿Ҳǹ⻪ţһ޴ĹһۺˮٻฺϢϢڵһʱ䣬ߵĸϢɸɾ
úˮɵϢôޱȣЩȴֿ׳Լ
ڱȺĺ˵ŨǧϢĳ£Ҷĺˮ꣬ۿɼٶȷٵĳɱɱ
Ĺ򣬺ˮ׳һһ״С
ּĹЩĺˮ꣬Ѿһ״С״СʵĺɫӰҲʵ˼֡
Ҷĺˮڣÿһκˮƺڻ
ˮԭºĺ˵ڵϢҶ棬ʱҲʼϸϸĴĺ˵ڵڲ


2454 
ĺ˵ڲƮĸɫ뵣Ʋһš
Щ֮У̺Ũ񵽾˵ϢϢкҶ޷ֱϢ
ָɫ뵵ĸ£Ҷߺ衣
߲ףӦҲǧ׶ѡ
ĺ˵ڲŨŨ
ìܣȴʵĴڡ
Ũһ𣬻һеԸȴԸֲͬϢһּȵѹС֮С
Ҷ棬ҲźɺˮŨϢ֮⣬Ҷ·÷ǳСġ
ĺ˵ڲҶŷ֣֮ǰνĲأƺǶġ
ҹ
ͨŨ񵽺ϢҴܵĹѹܡ
Ϊںĺ˵ڵϢֱԨ纣ѾŨĿ컯ʵˡ
ںˮ˿ɵһ㣬þţ֮һëݣƺ
Ǹоޱ޼ʵĴУȡһưˮһ
ԭҲܼ򵥡
ΪҶǰһѾ׹ǻ̫ʬ
̫ʬңİףһֻצĴСס
²֪ȥ˶꣬Ҷͨˮ꣬ɿԸӦ̫ʬ֮У̺ž˵Ϣ
̫ʬλã·󷨷ƣ̫ʬϢ޶Ƕĳ󷨽ڵһ̫ʬڵϢһƵתš
ĿĹˣҶ˷̫ʬȱȽǣҶǰһ׳̫ʬСģҲġ
٣ҶѾ෢һͷǰ̫ʬġ
Ųںĺ˵УҶۻһͣĿһ߾ɸʬЩп
̫ϹʱڣЩ˾ǣжôǿ
նɱ̫һɱ˻ʬϹѹ˵Ĵ
ֱ޷
ݹڼҶܹĴڵܵĺͥȻܿԷͥˡ
ܶˮţҲһֻ۱һֻۣˮŰ
ıǸӡ
̫Ϲʱڣֱ
ϹʱڣܵκһصĿĿأֻҪһӸ˿شӡĹģͿø˷˵ˮֱӰ͵ٸɴܴá
ɼĴܼ˾ǣĺˮ壬ɱжݣ
ҶʱŽĺ˽ӽһ롣
ϣҶȷĺķΧӦúصĵصףܱͻһ֣ԭ
һ·ҶȴһЩɻķ֣ÿңĶڣϸ΢
ǳǳᡣ
ҶһֱڶӦΣȫע֮£ѹͲܷ֡
ǣΪֹҶȴһֱûҵԴ
ѵ˵ĺ˵ڣ飿
ʱ˿̣ҶȻȷĺ˵ڲƺûʲôĽƣûжΣա
ԣҶɴϥڵأɺˮϢ֮࣬ԼȫעѰԴ
ǣ
ϸ΢ٴҶĿⶸһתͶǰͷ̫ʬϡ
ƺǴ﷢ġ
ҶԪ߶˼£Ҳûз̫ʬκλ죬ǵÿһңض֡
ֱʱ֮Ҷ潫еĿ̫ʬܱ·󷨷ϱߡÿһ󷨷ŴһԼǰʱҶŷ֣ǵԴڴˡ
һ󷨷ƣ·ѻ߲һÿһңͻһϸ΢Ѻۡ
ּϸ΢Ѻ۲ġ
ÿһϸ΢ѺۣͻϢѺ۴ɢݳ
һ˲䣬Ҷͷ͸һ
ԭõѹܹ˵ĺĺ˵󣬾̫ʬٶ࣬Ҳǲһ˿һϢй¶ġ
ЩϢȫѹ˵
ǣ֪ǺԭҲʮǰǳҲʧޣĺ˵󷨷ƿʼѺۣŵϢĴй¶
ҲҶ׳ˮĻᡣ
ҲҲǴЩֶѵԭ֮һ
Ҳǣپι̵Ľµʴ£Ҳз绯һ졣
ܵĿʥǽѹܹ˵ĺĺ˵±Ǩ֮£ѺۣҲʵ
һˣҶʱȻһ˿Ҳʧ
ҲɺˮſϢ׳
Ҷ棬ٴںĺ˵ڸ鿴
ÿһ̫ʬڵ󷨽ڵ㴦󷨷ƣ˻ٵƣŻٵϢݳ
Ѻ۱Ƚ϶̫ʬ·Ҷµķ֡
һһɫݣ
ݣĿơԪĵرѵú
ΪÿһݣҪһͷΪڵϵʬľѪϢϵϣܳһһ糤ݡ
ʬǼĵرһЩ˼֮أʬܹϡ
ݷǳ
ҩкڣһ
Ҷܱ߷Բǧ֮ڣҶ淢ֵȻʮꡣ
ҸǸߴŴ磬ҶƬݡ
ݣһ곤һ磬һҶ
ƷߣŴʮҶ
ʱ˿̣ŴʮҶݣ꣡
ôһ󱦵أͲ˷ѣ
ȻУҶ濪ʼոһժݡ
룬ȫȫβķŽר˷淨дţܽݵҩȫ
ոǧ֮ҶûŪˣռҩУֻǧ
ȻҶԣֻҪĺ˵ȱڣݣ͸ԼҺԺһҶʱԹöپö١
Ҷķֹ֣Щ
Щ̫ʬ°·Ҷ淢˴ĳʡʵˮѪʯ
ҲǼ󺱼ĵرٵΪֻͨЩϵңŻһڹؼʱ̳˵Ϊ
ÿһʬ·ĵطҶ淢һһĺīɢޱϢָ׸ǴСӡ
Թ飡
Ԫǿ飬֮Թþòɢ䱾־¡ǧ֮۶ɡ
ǰ֮ʱԹ⡢ɱ⡢ʵļ壬ҪѰմȾ˲Ϣͻʧȥǣֻ֪ɱ¾ͱĹ
ϡ̶ȣݻҪϡ
żÿһ̫ʬʬڵĵطŵһԹ飬ҶСģԼеϢȫգʼռһſԹ顣
һռҶһ߲ͣľ̾
⣡
ĺ˵󣬼ֱһ󱦿⣡


2455 ֣
񱦼ĸоҶᵽˡ
յõһþϲ񻶰ı˿̱ҶѾȫû˸о
Ȼ֪ԸǼֵǵı˿̣ҶѾľˡ
ȻҶҲףЩҶųȥһţţǾǼֵǡ
ҪǷŵгϵĶˣԹ飬ҪһгϳϰٿţǼ۸Ին
ݾͲһֻҪҶԸ⣬·ųȥǧţݵļ۸ɻͦޱȡ
Ͼ⣬ΪǿߣЩ컯˶ԣǸ衣
ٸӣһλǿߵԪܵشûЩļ亱ĿԪƵĵر£ԪҪָʮ꣬ϰ࣡
ǣһžŴʮҶݣԭҪָܻԪƣһҹ֮䣬Ϳɾ
˵֣
ȻֻҪҶԴû⣬ǲὫֱųгģųһŵģÿ
⣬ҶԣҲдá
ԶӶ࣡
ΪݣҶĿǰ֪ģΪĿֱԪΪĵر
ֱԪΪĵرᳬʮ֡
һֱһϡ
żõһžͲˣǧţˡ
˵Ҷһһӵõǧݣĺ˵֮лݵȴҶժҲĸ
״ʥܿ۷Ѿ˼ĺĺ˵󣬽֮󣬳Χǿ󷨱֮⣬ͱܹٷ˾Խأ
̫ŽԣڵĴܻʵۣĴ׼Ҫĺ󣬶ܡ
κҪĺ˵󣬶ҪӡȨȣٻѴط֮ѪΪܽ룬ķ
ңܻҺѵش䣬òĺ˵󣬷ش䣬Ըıĺ˵ڵһһľ
ѵڣĺ˵¹شܹˣԣǴܵۻʣ׼ǱҪǾԲĺ˵ġ
룬ǷôıѵڣҲǲᶯĺ˵ڵһһľġ
ŴҶ档
ͣ񱦵ͬʱҶҲһ̣ǿжԪ飬ֹ˺ˮﺣĳɡ
һҹɣҶĺˮڵĺˮ꣬ѾӸտʼĳߴ磬͵˰״С
˽ǧ
ʱĺˮ꣬а״СӵʵںˮצϳΣͷҲǵӰҲצӰԳ
ǶͷǻǸצӰҪĶֻ࣬Ӱ֡
ĿȥҲЩӷףеǴ
Ҷ֪Ǻˮڶʱ͵̫ˣҪһʱһ¡
ˣ׳󣬶ҶĺˮҲѾ˼Ӱ졣
ʱ˿̣Ҷĺˮڵ̵ĵƣ֮ǰٰܼٱϡ
˵ʱ˿Ҷĺˮߴ֮ǿģû֮һ
ͬʱںˮӰ£ҶˮںˮȻʼһһεŨ
ҹڣҶĺˮڵǰǰһŨߴΡ
ÿһŨҶĺˮܳɱɱ
˶ٱҶ治֪Ҷֻ֪֮ǰˮڵĺˮߴŨ֮õճīĺˮֻռ˺ˮռİɣˮ˾ųϡ
ҶطϵתźˮҶ漸ڵȫ˺ˮڣĿǰΪֹҲֻˮһҡ
֮һϵ鹬ͳͳȥҲֻ˺ˮĿǰһ벻
ˮܣƷʵϡ
жǿĿǰҶҲ֪
Ҷ׳˽ǧĺˮ꣬ҶĺˮڵǷǳֲġ
˵ģʱ˿̣ճīĺˮÿҶľתһΣҶľǱպͱһޱȵʹ࣬ʱСľ֧֣ҶѾ˵ˡ
£ˮÿתһȦҶľǿȾͻȵӦģҶǿҲᱻ
ҲԭҶŲֹͣ˺ˮϢɡ
ΪŨ֮ĺˮϢ̫ǿ̫ˣȵҶ涼ѹƲסˡ
ʱ˿̣Ҷǳǰ˶ᱻҶĵˮϢ𾪣·ǰĲһˣһڵĴ󽭴һ
Ҷ糯֮ǰԼĺˮϢ׵
ҹݹ˴ɱع𾪣ոգѾӵ㴫Ѷʼ¡Ȼּϱϳ
Ȼǰģ
Ȼݹرɱˣдû¡
ֻǣʱ˿̣ϳһʱҪ׵ˮǷڵϢ
ҵǣҶʱռ䡣
ֻǣΪԭʱ䣬ҶԼܲʱռͲ롣
Ϊʱ䵽˶ǰĽƣǿɾ鷳ˡ
øһʱûġ

ʮգҲݹɱĵڶϵĳᣬμӳĴܹǣĶࡣ
Щƽһ겻ϳɢǣųμӳᣬտտǬŪöЩӵ
һΣûйĶǣֻҪһĿꡪҳ֣ݹһ
Ҳǵڡ
ڳǶ˸Υι򣬽дɱЩ˭ϣ
Уʼ¡λʥӣҲǽͷö
¸µĴ˾Ԥ֮ǰͱˣ̵ʱӦԣȻʵƿ޷
Ҷ棬һλһλʶĹʺΣ
գѲ˾óĽۡħΪ
ӦħӰħΪ
ûдεĴɱسϾûд֮ǰĺ֢лأҲð֮¡
ȻҪԭҪʺӣѲ˾ʼ¡Ҳͷԡ
һã˺˺ĻףǾͲˡ
Ͼͳλʯǹ壡
Ŀǰֵ֧ԭûдܹǵ֧֣Ҳʲôˡ
ԣɱߣֻħ壡
ֻħǱӰħ
ңпħ컯˼Ӱħ
ɱĿģҲܼ򵥡Ҷ֮ǰħ帹ݺ֮ħɫ⣬ԲŰⳡɱ
ƺҲ˵ùȥ
ȻƲ⣬֤ݣ
ħϢħӰħǱµĺۼȵȣѲ˾ڳ֤ݡ
Ͼ֮ǰҶϽħʬͷ²УҲвӰħ
Ѳ˾ֶΣֳɵԴŪ֤ݣǸƵġ
ǶϽ£ʵЩ̣
Ǭϣ˾ԤƲ⣬֤ݣö䶼ˡ
ʵģ
Ҷڣֻһ£ڽݸʡʵˮѪʯˮl֮λܸҶŪʲô


2456 
Ҷʱռڼˮlġ
λҶִĴ½ô꣬ԭҶ˼ǣҪĿǰķرڵĴɽ˽һҩоҩӡ
λˮlҲͬˡ
ǣԴӵ֪Ҷռʮʱռ䣬֮İٱʱռ֮λˮlͳ׵ħˡ
ڰٱʱռ֮ڣһ쵽оҩϳ
Ļ˵ҩоһ;ȱʲô
ĵرʱ䣡
ֻӵкʱ䣬ڵҩһ;ϣﵽһǰδеĸ߶ȣͻȱǵоޡ
ϣЩˮlĵǣһֱٱʱռڡ
ȻҶҲûţΪ˵ʲô
ڸ˽˺üҩʦۡٸһõľס
Ԫ鰢󳤾άֵһ񡪡ǵ̣óһȫʵļ任ۼ硣
ȻźӵŮҲٲ˵ģЩħ²õѡ
ϸǰǰˮlʱռڴʱ䣬Ѿǧˡ
ҪҶǿҪˮlǵĵӱҪ֮һʱҪȻĻˮlĵǣʱռڣͻһ߿ݹˡ
Ԫޣ˭û⡣
ˮlһӣ񻹽ڵģֻʮˡ
ˣΪΪûͻƣ㶼ֲµŶ˿ݹˡ
ңǧҲˮlΪﵽ˽۷壬ʣͻƵңңڡ
ˮlǧԪѾȥһ࣬ǧ֮ڻͻƵˮlٵģֻһ;
ҶȻˮlһ㣬ҵͻƵطӦòѡ
Щ꣬ˮlĳɹͨҶṩ鵤ɹƽ鵤ĵ
ңƷƷֻƷ鵤ˮlѾƳɹ
ǣҲСģƳɹȴ޷ģҶ׬ȡ棬ĿǰС
鵤ĵرңҩɽϴģֲ
鵤ҪһζҩԸ
ԸҶҲв٣ɳĿߵԭÿ춼һȶӡ
Ʒ鵤ҪͶԸҲʮֵ١
һƳһ磬ͷ˿ôϸԸͿƳʮƷ鵤
ҶһóյһԸƷ鵤ˮlĵǣһƳƷ鵤һǧš
һǧƷ鵤ʲôֵ
ĿǰܵĹٷУһƷʯԹһƷ鵤һٿƷʯԹһƷ鵤
һƷʯſԹһƷ鵤
ˮlһƷ鵤ĳɱɨһԸ˵ɱᳬһٿƷʯۼ۶ԣ޳ɱ
ںϣһǧϿƷʯҲܹһƷ鵤
һһǧƷ鵤˶棿
һ㣬Ҷ治룡
ҶԿ϶һ㣬⣬Ҫ̫ãɵйǶС˼
ҲΪ̫ˣˮlѾƽ鵤ĵҶ淴Ҵģۡ
ĿǰԣҶҲֻˮlСģһƷ鵤Ʒ鵤Լڲ
ǧĻˮlˮƽѾﵽһҶ涼˽ĸ߶ȡ
ڸߵʲô̶ȣҶҲĿǰûҵʵĲ
Ҷˮlʱռҩʱ˵λȻ֪Ҷ⡣
ҶϷЩӵƳɹвҶ⡣ˮlһֱ½ʱҶơ
ɻ䣬Ҷ潫ˮlݹĸҩеĵһȸƿˣ֮˱ǣҶľΪ֮һ
һҩ㣬ҶԪʱһĪУԪϵһѲƣ׷ɢ
ԪƵĵҩҶʱ
ûҩУҲֻҶˡ
ΪҩƵ궨Ԫ˼ɢ꣬һȥҲƾ
ֱԪ飬ÿһţ߿ţҲܳ׸ԭԪƣƲͬҪһŵȡ
һЧҶˮlһĴָ궨ԪЧ˿ҪԪƶָܻʵǳҶ֮⡣
ţ⼸죬㾡Ҷ궨ԪʮϣдáҶ潻
ˮlĿʾ£Ҷִ˵ڶҩУҩڣɢĪϢζȴ־òɢ
ҩ㣬ӦǿԪĵҩеζ
ֵǣҶһ˼ҩ㣬ĵڵԪȴûκζ
ҶǱˡ
ˮlˣΪҩƵ񵤣ܹȵΪһţ൱ͨ߿ҡ
ÿһţЧ˥⣬һ£һʮö񵤣Ͳκˡ
ⵤҩЧҶ⣬ҶɻΪʲôֵҩϢԪϢûκα仯
ܿģҶˮlǿġꡯУͷӦ˹
˵񵤣ֻΪԪ֮ǶԪûˣҶȻ
ô
֮ԪҶڴģɴ˿̣ƳĵҩȻ޷Ԫ
ƳֱԪĵҩݻǲģٻҪϡĵرʹܹݵҩЧȫ
˵䣬ˮl׸Ҷһڣֻҩ
ҶȻڴա
õ֮ҶڴǿԴٶȻԪ
û뵽˿̻ˡ
ΪԽߵˣΪõĵҩõĶĵرҲԽࡣ
ҶҵʡˮѪʯһƳĵҩԴߵΪԵϵߣȴûô
ҪƳԵõĵҩһĵرǲġ
ҩУҶ򿪣Ҳ֪ôˡ
ˮѪʯƳĿΪǿĵҩҶûá
Ҷ潫Ŀ˵ĸҩ֮ϣƸոոǵǵҩ֮ϵɲǣУʹĪĴʹУҶͷһּĸо
ƺܵļĸҩڵĶ
Ҷ濴ĸҩϣȻˮlϵϰط
ã
Ҷ棬ˮlޱص˵ĸ֡
ϷҲ޷ƣֻ˼ַҩԹĶǿ׵ơ
ǣҶõʱһҪ֮һã޽⣬ҽ棡
ԣҶ֣صĵ˵ͷʵã
ˮlԥĵ˵ͷ
ǵ֮أҶһڴʵ
ϢˮlٴεͷϷûҲ񣬵ǴϣԵ֮ϣȻãЧΣϷΪͼʶ޷Ʋ⡣


2457 ھŴȨĽ
ҶڵȨİۡľڼȨİġ
ӻص֮󣬵Ȩİһֱھˣ¶档
ȨİѪӽʱȫ߶ȨȶԿ̫ʧܣ귴ɣˣԪҲ⵽˾ҵķɶˡ
ѾָǣҩȨԪƣδ
жϣȨİԪƣҪʱľܳ׻ָ
ҲԭĴȨΪڶȨȴõȨİԭزҪԭ֮һ
Сģħ컯˼ӰħˣҴҡڵ¶棿棬Ȩİȵ٩Ҷ档
٣˵ģܱܲ컯˼Ӱħɣ
˵ˣҪ컯˼ӰħǱأĿҲҰô۹سָɵһطˣ˵ǲ
Ҷô˵ȨİЦݣį
ݹҶ汻ɱһ£Ȼ鵽ħ컯˼Ӱħˡ
Ȳ˵ħû컯˼ӰħУҲܹǱء
ǱأҲֻɱҶһ
컯˼ӰħǱףѪɺˡ
ԣһﶼǸʲôģʵӳһŪڵĽѡ
࣬û˸û˸롣
޷첻Ѳ˾ؼ࣬ȻӳһŪ˵ĽǱĿԣͽз
лᣬķȥɣϷ򿴵ķȨİɨһҶ棬ָ
˵ģҵأطزؾܻصġ
ҶȨİͬʱ˫˼˲ó
Ҷ棬ȴ˻⣬˵ˣ㿴ҽǸʹˣϻҲ˳ۣ
СӵҸ𣿡ȨİûĵҶһۡ
Ƶ궨ԪԪЧĿǰƣžͿԪָһ˿Ѻۣ˵䣬ҶͷһҩС
Ȩİĺ˲Ϣͱüô
Ԫָһ˿Ѻۡ仰ջ̫ˡ
һӸʡ˰Ŀ๦䵱ˡ
Ҫǣһ˿Ѻۡ
Ԫ⣬
û£Իָ
شĻͺ˵شһ¾޴İ̺ۡ
̺ۣҲѿһ㡣
ԪҪһ޷ɢİ̺ۣǾʹߵԪѾԲˡ
ֲԲƽʱûɶӰ죬ͻʱǵͻƵ컯Ӱ
ԲԪ飬ҪͻƵ컯ǳѡ
һԪòԲͻƵ컯ıСĻʣֱ½
˵һεˣõȨİ֮·Ѿս˵۷塣
ͻƵ컯ĿԣѾãûС
ǣҶ궨ԪȴָܻԪƣԪƣ
һ궨Ԫɢĵҩ㣬ȨİڵήҵԪ飬ʱΪ֮һ
õȨİʱâ
ݣռŪƵ궨Ԫ
ϹôðΣչТ㣬⻹ĵģˣȲ趼ûУҶһı

ȨİָҶЦ궨ԪϷˡ
ã˾ͺãͲˣϻǸϽ˰ɣ
仰Ҷ뿪ˣֻµȨİһЦ
飬Ƿˡ
߶ԣҪҪ
ףӽǳ׵Ļ쵽Ҷƴˡ
Ȼѡܾ
ǣı⣬ôܹܾ
궨Ԫǰûκξܾ
뿪˵ȨİĸۡҶֱ˽ھŴȨûԭˮĸۡ
޶żλھŴȨҲˡ
ڵȨİˣھŴȨƣԪ飬Ҫࡣ
ԪƣܹҲܹھŴȨԭ֮һ
µھŴȨԪƺᣬҶ滹ҩˡ
ȻȨİҩ壬ھŴȨҩʹһĿˡ
ھŴȨѪӽʱвս꣬ԶԶﲻеսּ
һ֮Ҷһ궨Ԫ˵ҩЧ
ھŴȨȴû궨ԪǶĿҶ档
ҶԪ˧ϷԪƣޱȵ궨ԪƺЩ˷Ѱɣ
ϷԪƣҩ꣬ͿԳ׸ԭ˵ĺֱӡ
ƶۣȻòš궨ԪܹԪ֮⣬ָܻԪлµĸְˣһԪµĴССƣԪԲҶָ궨Ԫ˵
⡭
ھŴȨҶƹ궨ԪЩԥˡ
궨Ԫĺô޴ܾ
ǣҶĿǰڴܳеΣֻҪˣǳĲ
ʥ죬ΧݣۼҶƺʧȥʥ졣
£ҶĺôɾͲˡ
̫ˣ
ϾҶĺô͵ΪҶ˵ǼǸֶŸɣ
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ǣ޷ܾ궨Ԫջ
ҶԪ˧Ϸ֪һޱ궨ԪҪϷô㣿˵ҪϷô
ջջ󣬵ǵȷʧȷ
ǸĴ̫󣬺ԿԵס궨Ԫջ
˵ϣ㿴ǿ𣿡
ԴˣھŴȨЦҶġ
ϣ֮ǰƹˮ̫֮źŽǣ֪ӸεûУҶʵ

ҶҪ󣬵ھŴȨЩ⣬˼һ²ŴڽУʱûнӹȥ
ڶʱڽ̫Žȣ¡Ĳл겻ϧ۵æ
Ϸ⻹ɲУÿµԸϷţҪɽӣҪһ깦ɡ
ôţһɻ
ϣ̫źŽһۣ˵䣬Ҷ潫ǰ궨Ԫǰһƣ˼ײ
̫źŽǣˮϷҲ
ϱžܾգֻ̫źŽգң֪ҲˮϵطֻǽӦ֤һˮϵͨطѡҶ油
һˣԵ棬ֻգ
ϲţԪģҶЦ
һɲǣھŴȨѸٵǿ궨ԪԼĻͬʱȡ˿ˮĺɫǣɽҶԪ˧Ԫģ֮󣬱黹
û⣡
֮󣬵ҶŸոյֵˮ̫֮źŽ뿪ĸ֮ۡ󣬾յĿļѶ
ˣݹ̵ãʮ֮


2458 ط
ҶصԼıݹģȴݹ̱ˣǹ츮ϵһҲһ򺣾ʿ
츮ϵԹҶʱΪִҶĸۡġ
ǣִҶĸ֮ۡȴĿݹ̺͹˵˧ģͬʱݹ̵һ⡣
ΣΪ˸ҶһţʱҶʶ̬ԡ
֣Ҷ͸ţһ
ҵĸۡΧΣ
ţĻظܿ죬˧ֻܱ߶һЩԼһֵܣѲƵʣҲ֮ǰһҡ
شҶΪѲ˾Ѳڶ·ѲʹϾͽ˲ͬѰźš
ҶµѲ˾ֵܾô࣬Լһֵܶˡ

Զ׼Ѳ˾пѲǴ˾ȵȡ
ȻҶпǱˡ
ȻѲƵһԽΪ֮ǰܴɱıݹҶı
ǣƶϳĴɱߣп컯˼ӰħЩͨĽѲٶ࣬ʲôã
֮ĿǰڱݹܱߵļǿǶҶıǶҶļӣ
˵λʥϴжʧ֮󣬶ҶĺͲΣѾʼɱɱ
ݹǣᵽգſʼصַѶѶá
Ͼأ˭ҸۡϿһѶһң̫ײˡ
ݹżֻһ仰򺣾ȥ򣬶ˣף
ݹżңƵľңڴڲĹϵ̸ڣ临ӡ
ܹһõϢ⡣
ҶģȴݹֱӽϢ͹̬ȡ
ϢݹżһϵѾҶվһ𣬾㲻վһϣҲŹżһϵѾΪҶһϵѡ
˵ʵѡعţҶҲìܣǹ쳹׳ɳ֮ԼѡҶ޷档
ڣѡĺӰȻˡ
ϢģΪ򺣾һһѡ
֮Ҷյһ
̫ұǲķҲҶշתһţŵҲܼ򵥣ֻһ仰򺣾ȥɶƲǰѪƴӦԡ
֮£ұ鱨ָϸ˼֡
Ҳҵ̬ȡ
յʾ鱨֮Ҷ͸ûһڸ
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򺣾ܵȥǰЩҶܾʼ¡Ҫ֮󣬼Ѿˡ
ҶΨһȷģǾʱ䡣
˵
ʥӾ飬ҳȥ˵òŹ֣
üεֶΣ㴫һСͨѶŲ󷢳һ֮ҶͽĿҪչ࣬հСῪʼ֮ǰκ˶Ҳ׼κ
Ȼˮ̫֮źŽǽˣҶҪﾡãԲ˷ˡ
ʱǳ٣ʱռ䣬Ҷ൱ӵٶʱ䡣
ٶʱ䣬㹻ˡ
Ȼ˵ʱռҶ治Ҷãżһ£ûġ
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ǽУҶĺˮ꣬ͻȻ˷ܵ˻
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ʶģҶ̫źŽǵУʱͿһʵĲȱȫ̫źӰ
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̫źӰԼףҶĺˮС
ǣ˴֮⣬Ϳˡ
κʣҶĺˮ꣬ѾӰ˺Ӱһۿȥһһ
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ͷϵǣµצҲǲȱȫҶĸо
ôˣȻּ̫źһ壬С˵ôõҵģŽǵէһˮ꣬Ǽ
ν磬žǰˡ
ҶҲżʱ࣬ţȴŽǿеõõϢ˵
ܿģҶ͵֪ǰ̫źŽڵ̫źǰΪȻߴ컯
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Ͼ飬̫źŽҲǺúŪģܿľʶһЩߡ
ҶҲҴţֱ˵ľԼҪ
Ҫ̫źһǿˮϵͨطָ㴫ڣǰ̡Ҷ˵
̫źһѪӡˮϵͨطҴڣ̫źŽԼɻ
ѪЩҡҶڱһɣҲȥ
һҶ仰ԭС΢С̫źŽ飬ʱͱЩУ˼ֱӡ
ҶУͲû֡ˡ
֮УѪ١
Ѫ壬ϣѪӵ߹󼸱ʮֹ
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ҶҲЩΡ
ҶȻ̫źУʵõĲȫ棬ֻһ֡
Ŀǰֻ̫źһ
ǰҶĺˮҪλãǰԻϵΪ̫źҶ沢ż
źˮ׳ģҶĺˮڵܳɱɱ
ңպҶĺˮ껹׳Ŀܡ
ҶģкˮڣٲѧϰǿˮϵͨطǱ
ıˮ֮
ڵľٶ
С㴫̫źһͨطǲԣǣȴܰװ״㣡
һЩֵҲܸ㴫̫źһͨطŽǵ˵
ҪʲôıҶ治ɫʵ
һôʺ˵ʵĻҶеֶʰ̫źŽǵıҶҪϣ̫׺ٴΡ
Ҷ滹Ͳˣ嶼е飬ֵܵס̫ףײ̫źһͨط
꣬ԲָĵرṩĵرĵȼͬҿԸ㴫ڲͬε̫źһͨطŽǵ˵
ԣҶӵĿһۺŽǵ飬ʵǺܴ찡
ôҶ˦һݡ
㡭
㡭ôõݵģ㾹ȻҲк壿̫ź꣬˲Ϣޱ
Ҽ񵽵Ĳа˵ҪҪҶա
ҪҪңϴ̫źһͨطŽǵ鼱ˡ
ʱҶȴˣĻݣ٣㵹
֪̫źһǿͨطһһ˵˵ֻҪģҾͰݽ㡣ҶԼ
Σⲻܣȸң
نһ䣬ҾͰ㻹ˮ
㡭
ûѡ񣬶ңݣֹһţֻҪ̸ҵ̫źһͨط㹻ǿҾ͡
˲ϢҶļʮݣ̫źʱ;ˣãȻĵͷ


2459 ̫
¶ʮգǴÿδ󳯻ʱ֮һ
صĵʵְĹԱμӣܣ¼١
ҪȻһ֮ٺǿɲܡ
Ǿ൱ڽѱݵ˴ʥУֻҪɵô
ҶΪ򺣾Ԫ˧󳯻ȻòμӣͰʱִˡ
οҶҲõͨ籨ţĴ󳯻ᣬ򺣾ȥΣҶҲǱμӵģҪȻʥּһ£򺣾Ʒ͹ȥʱҶѡͲˡ
ż¡λʥӵִǬеĴ󳯻ʽʼ
һʼ˵Ŀ⣬˴˾Ԥϣǰֵ÷зıݹҶ汻̡컯ӰħǱһи˽ᡣ
ǧĿע£˾Ԥһ¡
ʵڱݹҶ汻һǰСϣ˶ԡħ컯ӰħǱأδ졣
ЩعԱĵĽǵеĴˣĵλ컯ӰħĿǰػ뿪ˣ
ô뿪ģ
ôǱޱȵصģ
Щ£¹ǵİȫĵģǳڵԭ
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ȻܹһĴ
գ˾Ԥڳ֤ݣ֤컯ӰħͻҹĲѲ£һִԪĶݷȽ뿪˴ܡ
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˾ԤҲҵ֤ݣ£ǾѲ˾
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컯ӰħӦľطУűܹصطֶΡ
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£Ҷ濴٩٩̸һ˵һо֤ݵĴ˾ԤɵЩ
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ҴܹһΪڣ򺣾ֵ
򺣾Ҵ½ľеľ˾ǳԭͻϻӥ£򺣾ǰߣΪҴոʧأͬʱǵķѹ
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Ҷ˵꣬ոռ뿪ڼܹܾͿ첽ˣɫѿޱȵĽһؼ򣬵ݸʼ¡
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֪ܼضãֻ¾ٷԮ
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೯ݹ̫ұڣҶĿ⣬ȴùŹޱȡ
üֱ̫ʱˣ
ֱ̫ˣ


2460 ɱ
һһδ󳯻ʱԵƻ
ʼ¡ɫָ࣬΢Ĳš
ĿγˮˣҶȻɭޱȣ
ʵۼƻ˺Щӵ飬ͱһֱӴˡ
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Ŀǰ£ܵĶ߻̵ı߽뺣ϰħô˿̱׽ĴܣɿԿĴȥ
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£ʼ¡ѡͲˡ
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벼ؾ󷨵ʱ򣬵УҶԪٴȷһΣڵ״һ֮ڵĿռŲƣûɣ
ұ֤һ֮ڵŲƣûκ⣡鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ


2464 һ
أԭһصĴܶУ޵Ŀռ䲨˸һ£Ҷξƾճ֡
ɨһ˷ͬʱС߻쿴ܱû쳣Ҷȴڵһʱ佫ĿͶ˵ڰԪı֮ϡ
ֱȷ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪǿŲƵı屦ϵƲûκα仯һ
ԴϴŲ̫ˣԪȻָǱƣȴûκɫ
ڰԪĿǰֻܴҶһ֮ŲƣҶ滹İԪıƶ񻯡
ҶҲΣΪ鱦ʮԪ챦ıܴأû룬ָܻ
Ҫ룬ҪָõĵرÿһǼ亱մߵĵر
ЩĵرҶ˵ǵһ
ĿǰҶʮԪ챦鱾ƣʱΪ
õģֻҪǶʱڸƵʼŲƣͲұƵġԪ˵
Ҷĵͷ֮࣬СĹ۲Ҳ㱨ˣ״ˣܱһ죡⣬һðԪŲλȻضҲҵˡ
ţ߰ɣµŲλ꣬Ȼٰ¡
һǹһطҶԭŲƵҪ
Ҷ棬Сġ
ϾҪǱ˲ʲôĻֱҶŲλҶҪһͷŲƹǱ˰˽ӣ
ʱ֮󣬻һģҶ棬ѾСʩչݣԭصףǱء
صķȻΪܣ󷨣ֻҪҶͿǱ룬Ƿѵʱ䡣
ֻҪ˳ͨǵ󷨽ƣҶѲ˾Ѳʹԣأ͸ԼҺ԰ࡣ
֮ҶѾɹڳǵһŵصס
ſ⻧Ÿŵңֻ֡
Ҷҵĸۡ
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ԺԵðޱȣĺвͣɨȫԺϢ
ϢǽǿߵϢҶһ
ҵճĿһԺҲûݳ޵õǿֵҹѲߡ
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ӵʱռҶԣʱ䣬ѹֵһᡣ
ǽʱռǱޣʱ䣬꼴
һʱ꣬Ļ˧ҶԪ֮ϵͻʱ
Ҷ治֪Ļ˧νʲôǣõĻ˧ǿǿ϶⡣
ԣҶͼƻ׼
ҵλڡҲʥ˾ľѪĿǰҶǲġ
˵ʵ⣬ĿǰԣҶλʥ˾Ҷ涼֪
ҶֻܽľѪϣԱƳķʱ䣬Ա⡣
ΪƻҶڶó˾ѪеĶһľѪԻ֮Ҷڶеܵ׼ƻ
춯֣Ҷ׼£˵ҶԶڵΡԶһҵѪѾָơ
ĵһʱ䣬ҶֱݺԺ׼ֱӶ֡
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ҶʶľСָķȥûݶԶҶͣסˣǰӴ
Ǹ򣬲˴ľ󷨲˵ǿԪھ䣬ӦǶ붫˵
һ۷壬һڣҶɲΡ
ҪǱǵԪ˽Ĵ£ɾͲˡ
СôҶĿ⿴С
״ˣӦÿԡСһţЩӣļƻֻҪʱлᣬҾڶֲͿƻľʱգطڵ˿ҿƵķǸҲ⡣
ţȥ˵ʲôСĵ㣬ܣͲҪǿҶ潻
״˷ģֻȡϵֻҪһ΢ɲ
һϢ֮󣬶붫ĶԻֱӱСͽҶĵ֮С
Ҫ׼һ洫ϢҪ̵ʱڣʵƿػʵȨ
ʱ򣬾ЩϲĲΪµΪҲʲô˻εڶȨ
常ģȻЩʧأֻҪһҳƿػֻʱ⡣¯š
Ҷһ¡
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⽫ҶһҪλ̫ʥ򺣾ڴ֣֪򺣾Ҫˡ
Уҵսپת򺣾Ӫأһ뵽һλʥԼľӪڴ֣ҶһͷƤĸо
Ȼʥһ֮Ҫ򺣾Ҳܡ
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һߣҶٴڶǱСķ򽫶붫̸ԴԴϵĴ
򲻿ɴ⣡Ҫ֪һεжɲΪνĵ֮λش󣡡
常ô˵ֻ֪̫ŽȨڵһ̫𣬶ǶҪ֮
ɲЩǸˣܾҶǰһλ޵еĴˣǸ޵У˾϶֡
˾ڵ޵л䴫˵ټȫ׷гɹҶңܹһ¥
Ļöþ常ҶѾǶˣڵȨƣҲڴ׼ࡣ
ٸһ
ٺ٣˾ڵĸһɲָ׼λã׼˾ڿûϹף
Ŷ;Ŀȥһȭͷ͵ͷһᾡȫ֤һ˿һ©
붫˵ʱҶޱĴӶڵһƫԺڵԷص׶ݳһӣͽѾ²ѵһλӵܸսռ䡣
С۷ΪԸЩΪ߲۷ӵǣ͵Ϯ״£ֵ
ĴֲﶾصľϵϢҪѨ˲Ϣ֮С
ΪҪǣЩҶѾĶӵܵУǰЩ죬СҸֻ˷
ᶯûκϢ
ȻҶͻϢĳ֣սռ䡣
ʱҶ棬ѹһ̿ͣһʬһеĲͣĳڶԺӵǾסһһڣȻԲѵսռ䡣
ԺľУĴȨıţǶϵŶƻеĿ©
Ҷ棬Ҳ˼һ⣬˾޵УǵĻ˧
Ļ˧ʲôĿǰĶҸһ㣿


2465 
һںԭ߾Сسǣ򺣾ӪСسһˮֵ괦
괦Ϸ׸߿մ桢½ʥ裬ע·򺣾Ӫ
׸߿֮ϣ·򺣾Ӫһ˧ʣУҲǶһԡ
޵ԪѾϢ˧Ҷϡ
Уͣ򺣾Ѳ񽫴ȥʱʱɨȴһܹƯʥ衣
ʱĶ裬ͷ·͸һ
컯˵ΪͨĽѲҪ
ֱΣ
Ҷ򺣾Σ͸˳򺣾죬ҵ˳ֵʱ
ĿǰҶ˶ı˼ǧĻΪ˾괫µ趼ʮնɱҶ档
ȻҪ̶϶ԣ߸Ҫ
ϾҶϣŻɱĴУ
ʱҵ˶ֵĻᣬ֮һֱû֣ȷȷ
˵⻹Ǽǰصǳν컯˼Ӱħɱݹδһʾ
ǲ컯˼ӰħɱıݹҶ棬Ҷ϶
ǣܹȥɱݹҶģʵԲ͡
ǵ۷壬컯ˡ
ϾĿǰݹҶֳʵһĵڶܿ⣬ɸȥɱҶ棬ǲ̵µı
ҪǣҹݹҶ汻ɱΣ෽о֣û̫ҵĶ
һƹ󣬱ݹ鷿Ϊ棬̿ͱߣǴɱȴʧˡ
ǵ۷Ĵ̿ͣ컯˾Ĵ̿ͣɵ
ֵʱȻȷҶλá
֣ǴɱȴʧˣºѹûжսǴֱ̿Ӷߡ
Щϳ
컯˾Ĵ̿ͣһδ֣ھص컯˸ϵ֮ǰȫеڶǵĻʱ䡣
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ǣ̿Ͳûôߣˡ
öƶϳһ𾪵ʵǸ̿ͣܿǱԻˣģпҶһ߻֮ġ
Ҳֻܣܽ͵ͨ
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Ͼ£Ҷ洦ʮ򺣾ر֮£½ʥҲֻһγֵĻᡣ
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ԣޱȵĽʱڣҲôһγֵĻᡣ
ʱӦ£˧еҶ棬ӦþҶ汾ɡ
Ƕ軹ЩԥҶܹԻ֮ǰλ컯˼Ĵ̿ͣڷһϣضй֮ԣССġ
ٹ۲һ£ʮİգٶ֡
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˲Ϣ䣬˫ͷ˶Է
УһźɫӰͳڶС
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׼ȷ˵˫еɱ⣬ԽԽŨ
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ǣɣҵĿҲֻҪԪ顣ɱȡԪ飬Ĺ㣡迪
ͯӶһ䣬֪ڶ컯ǿߣѾûκκĿܡ
ϱߵΪһҶʬ塢Ԫ顢еôȥ
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һɲǣͯͬʱһһΣ
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ڵմ˵Ϊ׾ܹ·򺣾ԣҪʣҲƲ֮ϵȥһ
ֱͻƣǽˣ˵ǽǵж
ڱΣҲ˵Դһֳʤ
˭ʤСӾ͹˭֮ϣͯ˵
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ŶͷһɲǣߵϢ棬ͬʱ
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ıըͣ
ԭͯڻǰⶫˣŵġ
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ͯż
һʤ
ҶͷԪ顢Ҳõ
Ҫʧ֣ɾҪɢˡ
ڱУһλ컯ϡޱȣڴʥУĲʲôҲūеĸ߼ūŶѡ
˵ףūš
ԣһսʤ
˴ͯͷһһԲ̶شԺɳԪɲǣԲʢ
ֻɢŨŨɷצشԲзɳǵصĴӸ˶衣
һɫش䡣
٣ô˵һ룬ͷ·Ƿʲôɻһ͵ر͡
ԺɳػһͷɢıϷӰ£һͷ̫ޱϷ
ǰ裬뾡ȫ
ǣơ١ֵʱԭһɱͯȴɫ䡣
ôϵá
ֻͯ˵һ룬˻ȥ
еɱ⣬ȴһɲǣʢ˼£
˵֮ǰĿֻ꣬ǰ˼Լսʤ裬ȻȥԸҶ档
ôڣǰƵļһǱɱˣ
Ϊʼ¡һǾԲܱ¶ݡ
ҪȻʵµ̫ūţȥɱʵ۵󳼣ҪǴȥĲˣ
û뵽ٶǧûˣǰҲˣ඼ˡ
Ȼǰһһھͽˡ
˲Ϣ䣬ͯжϣǰһ˽пǴܵĳλ߲ġ
˭ģֻҪݣֻǲ²⣬Ҳ
ߵͬһʱ䣬򺣾ӪصײԶ޵Ŀռ䲨һš
Ҷ棬תӪˣ


2466 
ľӪӪڻصŵĹɶϬϢڵһʱ伱ٷصҶ棬Ķ
򺣾Ӫûг¡
ûгеּΡ
Ӫûгʲô쳣״ɣҶڵһʱ䣬ѯ㡢졣
ش˧ûгκ״˧ǲʲôЩš
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˧ĸ򣿡Сһ䡣
֪ҶɴĻشһ䣬ִɣ
Ҷ治ðգգҲð
ǶλʥϮǻϵʥΧɱ˼Ҫ׼ܽ򺣾ֵܻٵ͡

˸ߣҶֽ˽˻ͳöָ
˧ǣ
ΪĵҩΪĵҩ鷢ȥҶ潻
ǣ˧Ǿôţɨһ۴ָƷͬĵҩ˵
ΪΪĵҩΪţֱǵΪͨ񾳣ǣÿ޾ſţ˳Ҳûá
ͨ񾳵ĵҩÿʿ޷ţʣģȷŸʱڿͻߣ˳Ծ١ʿȾְ
ͽĵҩÿҲţ˳Ҳ֮ǰࡣ
ĵҩǿԼ鿼Ƿţչһֵܣ⣬мְΪûͻƵľ٣Զһš
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֮ǰ֪ͨ£ҾǨְֵǣЩĵҩȫȷš
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˧򲻿ĴЩĵҩóֵõġ˧ôźҲΪ˱ǣԸǨҾģĵģпڼ飬ԣҪԴ
˵˧ҪǨ˼ҾûǨҾЩһԴЩǨ˼Ҿˡֹ
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ҶóΪΪĵҩȫɫɫˮѪʯƵġ
Ȼ˵ֵͼΪĵҩͨõģһݣţĸҩҶԣҲǼһʿ
илر
ҩȥ򺣾ʵܴһء
ʱ򺣾ʿΪͨ񾳣Ľʿռȣٴδȵӡ
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Ƕ£Ҷ˸ѣʵ£Զ硣
ͬһʱ䣬ҶԺУС͡ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ˵Ļ㱨
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ˣ߿֮⣬оҵ죬иڴս
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Ҷһ쿴һܱϢĿǰҲֻпܹ۲쵽컯˳ûϢͺۼ
û뵽ʮԪ챦鰢ԪĻҶһ컯˻ֹһλ
Ϣ֮ʩչĽӽҶ棬Ϳڻƴͯ衣
ǸĺԶҶҲԿó֮䶷ĺܼҡ
Ԫ籬ʱıϷӰЩƣ̫ޱϷҲǶദˡ
ͯҲҶеһλ컯ˣҲòȥһȻʧؿҲǽڴƬƿȥأӰս
컯˶ԣˣء
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ΣҶɻˡ
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ǣҶӰУû컯˼ѡ
УǸԺֻɢźϢצԲ̣һͲͨɱ֮
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ҶģצԲıʹ컯ˣ϶λ컯˵Ŀλ컯ˣԲ֮
Ҫ֪컯˵ݣԴⷽ
ܿģҶϵţٶȣһƵצԲ̵ĵ컯˾ĸ֡
϶ڴеĵ֣Ѳ˾ڲһ¼
ܿģţͷϢĿǰյѲ˾Ϻͼ¼Уѹûһļ¼ûһצԲ̵ɱ֮
ţĽǣλ컯˺ɱ֮ЩԶѲʹѲ˾лõϺͼ¼ޣҲ鱨
ţҶһ飬Ҷļλʡ
ȨİھŴȨצԲɱ֮ǿ϶˽⡣
ţĽ飬Ҷѡ
ǣʻ̫֮Žȵ飬һʱ䡢ʶȵȨھŴȨҪҪࡣ
̫ŽͱҶʰķҶֻһһһ˴𰸡
ȻҶ⣬Ҷ滹Ǹ̫Žһ㽱
˺һƬݵҶӣӸ̫ŽȵϽ̾ϽٺٴЦ
Ĳл꣬ɲϲܴĵر
ȻֻһƬҶӣҲԵֵˡ
٣Ǹл˰һΣϽҶл
ҶֻЦһƸһַ֮ɣԲˬ
ǰλҶֻü޵۲컯ˣȴҶޱȡ
Ҷ滹Ϊʰλ컯ˣѷǵУ
û뵽һҲǵˣ
צԲ̣٣Ǵܹ͢رֻͨгڹ͢ڼĵϵĸֲŻᱻʵִ裬ÿһܷǷ
ؼѪ
֪˱˲ࡣ
ϢҶɫѿ
ŶԵ컯ˣԹ͢ڼࡣ
˴λʥӣ˭ģ
Ҷ֮ǰ컯˰Ըû뵽λ컯ȫɱԼģֻǲ֪ɶԭԸȶ
λ컯ɱԸ붼ܽͷƤ顣
ҶȴЦ
ȻǵˣǾͺðˣ


2467 ֮
컯Ҷ沢ûнӴ
֮ǰѪӽؽӴ̫𣬻ڻû֮λ½̫ʥһζݵĽӴ
Ȼ˵Ҷ涼ûôԿҶѾӵжԿ컯˵
һ㣬Ҷ
ΪνӴֻ컯ӴҶ沢컯Կ
Ѫӽص̫Ȼ컯˲ܴ߶Ļ̫⣬˵ʵһֹߣ컯˲ܶõĹߡ
ֻ컯Уӳ
Ҷе̫ŽУҲһ̫𣬵ҶУܹӳ˵һ룬컯еһ붼ﲻ
һ붫ĽӴ豾ûгֻ֣µ̫ޱϷѹ컯һ
ԣҶʱ˿̿λ컯ڷŶԣûȡ
ν̵ְҶɲΪǰλ컯˻ƴܾǱĳ̶Ȼˡ
ңλ컯˵ıˣǷҲһĴ
˵ˣǰλ컯ˣһλʼ¡ɱҶģһλΪԼʦеĵĻ˧طɱԼġ
λ۴ĸǣ׷ɱҶ档
һ뵽λ컯ҹҹѰɱҶһֺ󱳷ĸо
ԣҶҪж
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пܣõķǽλ컯նɱڴˡ
ʧȥ˶λ½ʥʱڣӦòʥɱҶ档
ʼ¡ǱߣҶܹ컯˸ɵҲǸʼ¡һ档
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ԣֻҪһ˿ܣҶҪλ컯ȫնɱ
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ԣҶ
һҶоͳֻʩطҩС
ҶѡֶΣҲǰЩӵõľˮlԹ顣
컯۷̫Ǳնɱ֮ԹĵǼʮγɵľ֮
ˮlĵ֣Ҳҹڽ룬ֻԼƣø׼ң
ˮlԣԵǿߣ֮컯ӦҲЧЧΣͲˡ
Ϊˮlˮƽȫ޷컯ֲεĴڵʽ޷׼ȷжϡ
ϣЧġ
ԣҶԡ
ңҶֶΣֶĿǰ׵ġ
ϾҶ޵ļֿԶ컯˺ҶĿǰȷжã
⻹ǾҶ汾Ϊ
ҶѾڵֿħԱ֮󣬾ȫͻƵ
Уͯ붫Ȼȴɱİټ϶ȻͻƳΪ컯ˣûгɱ䡣
Զ輸ǱͯѹŴ򣬰ԽԽء
ѹŴĶ裬ʱѾ⡣
ҶͼıȴԼǰ̡
ĿǰؼɱУǴʱشΪ˵µصҪ̤컯Ǿǧˡ
֮Щˣ˿ˡ
ǣ˼ͯȴǸӵΪ˲ס裬Զƣֱӽ
öǿɫѾͯ뷨
ײ˵Ҫĳ£ǰʼ¡ļһ϶ҪɱڣΪΪʥӱܡ
һˣǸӵĿɬ
ǲһĴۣǼ뿪ˡ
裡򣡡
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ͯ߳һżֵߣ漴ɫ䡣
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׼ȷ˵ڻӰδƵʱ򣬶ͿʼһȦһȦĻϲҿʼˡ
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Ӧͯɫرѿޱȡ
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ƶȫµһһĻϣԶˡ
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ͻȻ䣬һ˻ϷȻ׺죬ӿһеĳ˶裬öȻޱȡ
ߵΣҶЩϧ

ʱ˿̣ҶȫԸͯҲʼ¡ɳλ컯˾ɱ֡
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ϯͯĹУԹϯȥͯ
ͯӰ磬һƬӰЩ̺ž綾Ӱ赲ʮ֮⡣
һ˿һˮ붾޷˿
Ҳڴʱһͬʱͯͷ£ǵ⣬ȴֱٵӰһССȱڡ
һɫˮŴĶ˲ϢͰסͯ
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2468 컯֮
ͻأ׹ͯûκ˺׹ֶ̺Ԫеѹ֮ȴԪ΢΢һͷֵɲǣϢΪ֮һҡ
һҵʱ伫ΪݣͯпĶá
һƶϢͯڡ
壬̺Ϣ˷ɱ¾Ű֮ͯ𾪵¡
˲Ϣ䣬ͯϵľ
һֱͯԪΪȼϣա
ڣ˲ϢĶǣڵĶȴϢʧˡ
֮ͯ£Ҳû⣬ΪǶѾԪ׷һˡ
ʱͯҲӦˣǱ˰͵Ϯˡ
Īŭֱͯš
һɲǣͯѾ׵ʹ񣬸ҪնɱѾݵĶ衣
һУȫӵԺ
ʱֻͯһͷ
ŵ͵Ϯնɱʬϣйͷ֮
컯˵ǺεǿȻҶصļΪΣڵһʱ䣬ͱͯ˳ŷŵϢҵˡ
˫۵ɵĹԲͯͳҶķǰٱɢɷҶ档
Ҷˡ
ԶĶҲˡ
ǱԼ̫ޱϷΪˡ
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ףֻϷǧ꣬ԭǾԲһġ
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޴ѹҶ˵ǺתҪֹͣˡ
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Ҷһһλʵ컯ˡ
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ָоһ˲䣬ͱҶ汬ǿ־ˡ
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ǣҶԼͯȫʵ״̬£Ԫ壬ʵرѹơ
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Ҷͫ׽˼㣬ΪĿǰɡ
ǺԥģҶڵһʱ䶯ռֶΡ
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йţҶ£׼Ŀ֮ǰġ
һɲǣپ;ֱйš
ռڣԪ鰢ЭҶƿߡ
ٺɲǣҶһߣɢſֲϢپͱҶֱ͵ڵ߲ռӡǰ
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ϷɳӰݺݵĺ߲ռӡݡ
ռΪ֮
߲ռȴͬѩһڣ˽ʮ֮һֹͣ
ҶЩ֮ϲҪĹʮΣĵ߲ռӡݣҲܹ˳ƽ⿪ˡ
Ȼ뷨Ҳ룬һߵ𣬿ɲҸ㡣
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ϾռĴߣĳ̶ֳ϶ԣνƿأҲֻǶռڵطƿء
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Ҷ˵ͷϾͯԹĶǳǳ١
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ֹǲöԸֱ̫öԸˣҶЦ𣬡ֻҪʧˣռڣ컯ˣҲмʮַԸ


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ı壬һͷ̫Ԫ鰢󣬸ǼȾòû
߶̫õĻ񣬿ֱԻ컯ˣ˵һλʱʧ컯ˡ
ڣֱǰԾôþôá
֮䣬Ļͽͯװ˽ȥ
ʧͯڻ֮УûҶϢӰ÷񹥻ŭ
֮Уһصӡ
ҶУ˿̵ͯѹԭҴܣŸĹ
Щƾɢֻ߻ٻ˰Ļ񣬱˲Ϣ䣬Щͻᱻȫ
ʱ˿̣컯ͯһͷǣűҴܵһ㣬ȥޱȣֱޱȡ
컯Σ
ֻҪǱʧ硣
Ϊ˱Ҷ滹ʩչһֶΣٴζһԹ顣
ϾڵֻͯʱʧͻȻָ֪ռڷķ
Ҷ滹ǵ׼
һΣռڣŰĻҶռԳһƿߣûʲôҶ׾ٵᣬʱʧͯ˴Թ鶾
˲Ϣ䣬ͯһӣͱѪɫһ˿Ҳɢ
Ҷ֪һΣͯǣѾʧˡ
ǱԹл˼ʮĸԹϢʴһֻ֪ɱ¾һĴڡ
״ˣͯȻʧˣֻ֪ɱ¾һĴڣһ컯Ϊɲġ
ңִɱ¾״̬£һʵᱻӵ۷壬ʱڣǿûԸֻסС˵
Ҷ滺ҡҡͷɸΪ֮Ȼ컯ˣһ޷ȡԪģôò˶ãͻĵһɶ
ʱ򣬼ȱ컯ˣҵռУҲǴ׵ĸ򣡡
ռȻԳһ磬ںıطԭռڣûһ˿һԪ
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Ҷڣսʯ䡣
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ͯ;ƿݣҶ泹նɱͯʱ
״ˣʱͯΪȻ;ƿݣ޵طȵȣӦö״˴ϲ
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Ҫǣĳ̶ֳ϶ԣǰλ컯ˣҶĿƵġ
ȻҶ޷ͯΪԼЧġ
ͯԪ鱾ԴѾ׵ıԹʴٸĿķţҲƲͯ
ǣΪͯʧֻ֪ɱ¾ĹޣôֻҪĻԼӿͯ컯ˣĳ̶ֳϾͿΪҶá
Ȼã֮ڡ
飬ҶҪٴͯսڣ¾ǧˡ
ˣ̶̼֮䣬Ҷ뵽ͯ컯˿ܵĺöô
һ޶ô
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˵ǷǳΣյġ
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ôҶǲǿͯĥԼ
һβУʮΡ
ʮβоͰٴΣ
ҶţֻҪԿĶˣ컯˵ϢʵѹԼٵԺԲơ
ôԺԿ컯ʱҶͻӵĴݣ
⻹һ
һ˲䣬Ҷ뵽˺üֽͯ컯ܵļֵ󻯡
ôͼֱֵСͯɶԣҪüʮֹ
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Ҷûĵһ۰û뵽ȻԼһȥˡ
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߶䣬ҶȻ뿪ռ䣬򺣾ӪϿա
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ңңĿһصķҶ˼ʼ¡ĿܷӦ´˰Ӫ

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ԣҪʼ¡֪֮󣬿ܻԸ
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ֻǶԸҶһֶΡ
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ǣ飬Щ׼Ҫġ
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ϵԳһ壬Ȼʼ¡Ȩ֧䣬ȴ൱
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͵ЩܾӪļѨ֮УԱһ
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οǶʮ
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亹˲Ϣӿ˳
ͷɲǣͿȻصĶ裬ȻҲʶ¼ĲѰ
飡
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2470 ĥ
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ܼͷ亹ºޱȵļѣɲͣķֱţڣүûк˵ȫ¸ոͳƳĽûκδ򶷵ΣЩǣͶʧˡ
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¹ش棬Ҫȷϡ
֮󣬶붫˫˫ˣɫҰܣ˵Ȼ֪˴𰸣˲Ϣѿޱȡ
ڳǰ
˭ܹϢĽǶһʮϵӵܸߣ
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᲻Ϊײʼ¡飬ʼ¡ʩչֶΣ
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˼䣬شĿ޺
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ҳһš

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ֻаķݡ
ҶĸֶֹΣˮ̫֮źŽǵѧ̫źһĳͨطϣҲֻͯλ컯˿籩һĹ¶
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һɲǣҶһͨۻԾͱҶֱ͵ͯڵĿռߣɲǼ䣬ͯᵽѪζһɱ˲Ϣ㣬ԡ
ֲ֣Ȼ컯ܹͯĥԼսôҶҲ˳Щȫεֵʵ
컯սǶʵսսȫһǧ
Ҷƿأؼʱ̣ǿԽǴֵͯ¾ȳǵİȫġ
Ҷ棬ʼֻͯǰϢѣڣѾܳŹϢˡ
ĥȥԺͻȻ컯˼ĶʱԱ˵ԺѹͬĶ֡
սΪϢϢأΪսսҲܴΪ
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2471 δ󶼶
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ħӰħƵƵ򺣾ܱߴ̽鱨ȻħҲͷ򺣾١
Ӫûã򱱺ıݹѲָʹİݹָʹƜWǰݼҶ档
ΰ֮ܶ鱨ڼķİʱ͸Ҷ㱨µľ顣
˧һδӽ꿤ħ彫죬ħʮоܹеĵڶʮһоܹܽۡ
ۣħʮоܹ֮ΨһһϵѪоܹܣħеħ
һ֧ħ嵱ΪóᡢǺͷĴʵǳǿ
ħһŵҪȻһ֧ſŽʮսŵǰʮ

İ㱨ĺϸɼ˹ֻ鱨ҶЩ⡣
Ǿá
ڶʮһоܹܽµ֧ţڱԱ
һν۴İУ¾ŵĴĿֻʮҡ
ʮȫʱħص˽
µ֧պΪͶܼħţȴˡ
ħ÷ͨ£ħɶԿĸ֡
ƽ˾ǵأ
˧ƽ˾صļΪѣʮؾȻ룬Ҳƽ˾½ľǣϵͳȽҲ֣Ԫ˧ܳǹأҪȻزʮ졣
Ŀǰ״ټ졣⻹ΪԮʿԭ򡣡
˵ţİֵһ򣬡˧ǽ´ϸӪַ
ţĲ
УҶóһָ⼸غ󷽣Ȼû¾ȴúȶܱѲ˾ķչѲԵķȣҲǴһ˧ء
ûо˧û빦ǣĹͣȴܲͣǱ˧ʹͣ
İü˵ʵһЩڴ󷽣ۿͬһķ٣ҫ棬ȴֻһݹѲ˾ָʹְҪ˵û뷨ǲܵġ
ʱҶһ˵һеĲίɢ
ܱ˧㹻ˡ
°ɣӦõģУһζħսԲսڴսʼ֮һ̶жս˧Ϊ빦
л˧࣡
Ҷġжĸ֣ʱ÷İü
սϿһ̶ȵжʹҶɱħ߲㣬һûʵնħͷûκġ
ԣҶŵεսУǾԵģͿܹȡʲôľλˡ
˴ָñߵĺüֵҩİЩɻĿҶ档
һԵǰİ˵һ޸Ԫ鰵˵궨Ԫİٴαþϲ
İ߾ϲϣһԵԭξֱݹָʹƜWҲڴѣæ㱨
˧ЩҰѾ˷߲ãԱ֤Сħӻħͻұڡ
⣬Щѵĸ˲֮⣬Ѿȫװľ񣬹˧ǲ
ƜWˣУ֮ˣЩҪҶص¾ļʿѵһֱڿҿңҲ
һ֮Ҷ·˽
ԪѪֵҩӦÿڶʱΪﵽ۷壬ԼŬһ£ͻƵӦò⡣
һƜWʱͱüл˧л˧࣡
Ҷ֣ʱˣΪҪﵽ˽ҡ
ЩˣƜW£ƜWԼΪһֱղѡ
Ϊ̫ͣھԷڣҪԪ⡣
Ҷһ仰͸ˡ
ҶָȡŵƜWɵøп֡
걻Ҷ֮һȾκǰ;ԣⱲӣ¾ˡ
ڣƜWȻģ걻Ҷ꣬ڿҲһ¡
˵ģƜWʸԴ£ⱲûлͻƵġ
ڣҶɾʹﵽˡ
Ҷ½Ӽڱи߼٣ԭľ˧лսˣΪĵҩʹʹ¡
һʱ䣬ҶǾġ
ģȶݹڸԱģҲҶеҪƻ
Ҷ濴ħ¡
ǿüΣգ浶ǹȥƴͺãѪˣҶԲüͷ
Σգȴڲ
ʼ¡ԼûΣɳ컯ɱԼҶ֪ڲΣղ̺Σա
ԣڵִǰߵĵһʱ䣬ҶüƻһͨʾãģͳΡ
ȻٲĻļ졣
δսһ֮󣬱ݹĹҲܵӦĽ
ֶιǻ˸ҳݹ棬ͱҶˡ
㣬е鱨µĲıʲôܹóսƻ
˧һ磬ֲͬҶȵսƻͿɡ
ͬʱȴǴҴҽЩŹ֣˧ƽ˾Ԫ˧ܳʹˡ

ҪҶ˭ң
ÿ
ĳҶüͷһ壡
ϰٵҶ漫ΪϤɱ𣬶һҶ漫ΪİĵϢ
ҶױɲǳصģҶô˧ߣɱ⡣
Ҷ˻֣ʱȥ
Ҷƽ˾ˣƽ˾ǱħΧʮ࣬Ϊΰ
Ҫƽ˾ǱħƳ𣿡
һһǿߵı£һҶ˧ʣڵ
Ǻˣ
ƽ˾Ǵ󶼶֮ܳӣƽ˾Ƿ˧ܻɣطƽ˾Ǵ󶼶֮ܳǰȾѪܻɣҶһö
öҶ۾˧ڵϢͱɱ
Īɱ˰ڣҳ
ܻǿߣ˲Ϣý֣ܻԼҲûǰţýý
Ҷ㡭ɡʲô
Ҷָйɵû˧ܸ˧ô˧˧˧ʣնҶһնļأ͵ܻɴһս
ԡѪͻΧķϣһ⡣
ҡǷ󶼶´ģҶ㡭Ȩնң
Ҷ۾ڴʱѾгһ´ܱһоԪ˧ȨϽƱɣ
ǰʥּҸΪƽ˷ߴ󶼶һоӽҪҸܳзо
ʥּ״ͣҶҪҪ鿴һʥּз٣仰ܻ˵ֱ׳
ǰ㸸ܳΪ󶼶з˵䣬ҶǶظֺ˵⡣
ҶҲû뵽ħǰҶ滹ûִأʼ¡͸ʼԼڿˡ


2472 нֹ
ܾƣͬһϽս֮ڣ󶼶ߣһд󶼶֣طͳ˧Ԫ˧Ҫܴ󶼶ϽƣӾ
ҶȻǱƽ˾Ԫ˧ܷܳ󶼶֮ôҶ۴ĸܳơ
Ҷĺǣܳǰܷ󶼶ġ
ǰ컯ͯɱԼʧܱռʱ䡣
Ҫǣʼ¡Ȼз
з⣬ڴܴʱǸȴһǳ˵Ȩ
ȨΧ֮ڣ֮£ն࣡
ֳ֮ܳзĴ󶼶ս֮ϣʱо壬նɱҶ档
㣬ʼ¡նı¶ɡ
ֱҪɱҶ졣
ͬʱҲҶһΣյľء
ھ⣬ûӪҶ棬
Ȼдĺģÿһϸʵϣ˧УźܴɲȨ
ײ˧ӪһͿأͿ˧ô϶ˡ
֮ƽ˾Ǵ󶼶ܳ⣬ҸᣬͿо壬նɱҶ档
ҶҲû뵽ħδˣԼıƾˡ
ʼ¡
Ҷɣƽ˾Ǹ˧ܻɾͷ·ΪзĸһģһͺȵҶǲţҸܷ󶼶ʥּӰҸзӰҶһۡ
ãҶĮȻĻ˻֣˵ɣܴ󶼶´ʲôľ
⡭
ܻһҶ滹ţһʹףҶ֮һҶɭȻ񣬾ʹ뷨
Ҷܴ󶼶ڽ֮ǰΧƽ˾ǵħԽƽ˾֮Χܻ˵
֮ǰ
Ҷ濴һ⣬䲻ʱҴԶͶ٣Ҫ򺣾¡
ɽһܻɱɭȻ³ĸ֡
ڣһڽ϶ŭǰܻɡ
ҶɣֻҪһ£ｫֱ˺ܻɵĶС
ΣܻɶͷʱҶŻ˵ͷȥתܴ󶼶˧֪ˡ
֪ˣ֣Ȼܻɲܻɻʵʱ򣬹һɽ죬ŭܻɣܻ˲Ϣͱ͡
ãҶ£ͻȥ
Ҷ˵ܻһ񣬾ʹŻĵǿ߿첽뿪
Ǹһ뿪Ҷ˧ʾը˹һˡ
˧ܴ󶼶̫
˧ܳʵǲ򺣾ֵֵܵǲ߲ݵĸϹƣ֮ȻҪ̽

˧ܳΪ󶼶¡
һ仰羪һ˲Ϣڽ˸ε뷨
ԭ˵˼УҶǱ򺣾ֿħִôƽ˾ǵĴӦҶƲŶԡ
ңӾʵԣƽ˾ǵҶµľѹûпɱԣⷽ潲ҲӦҶΪ
ʼ¡ȴܳΪ󶼶
УڽԼԼȻʼ¡˱ԹǰеĲ
Ҷ涨Ŀһ㣬ߺһЦ
Ҷڽ㲢ս۹;ԲܵǸȴ˼άǿǸ
Ȼ˵ȻѾ뵽ʲôʼʶˡ
Ȼ˵ҶҪɶģһ
򺣾ڽͨʼ¡ĲųΪһȶ塣
ŵҩʯӪֵܼӿĵָʱ֮󣬷
ڽȻвҶһ£ʱͺԥִˡ

ʱ֣һ価ɲǣƵս򺣾Ӫ쳹
һӶװʿɭϵĴӴӪ֮гжӣһʿȴʼٶȰӪʰء
ʱ֮ʮ򺣾Ѿƽ˾ǧ֮⣬򺣾ǰǺѹѹһۿͷħ
ħѾ֪̽鱨۱ʮӭ򺣾
ߣǴ򺣾λ̫ӵ¾۳ɳ򺣾
ħ룬ʮףÿһƬʴĿɫħָŻƽ򺣾ЦܹܿҲ𣿡
˲Ǳˣħʮһоܹܽۡ
ܹܣ̫ǰսĶǣǣʮʵܷӳɣǴܹȴȫһнֹһսսʤһħ˵
׵Ľ۵ɨһ죬ͷ֮࣬ȴѵʢ֮ʿսʱȴܴ⡣
˵꣬͵ؾеĽ򺣾һս˭ȥܹܻ򺣾
һʱ䣬ڽ׷׽ͳң
ȻڽУʵǿȻǽҴ׽ˡ
׽ʺϹᡢȴʺֿٽս
룬۽еĽµһĸؽǰԪ˧ޡ
ڴ˵Ķʮ򱾲ɸʮħ񹬵Ĵħʦ򺣾ǰ棬ûκɣ
ħɭɭ𣬡شܹܣ⣡
ã򺣾ǰ棬Ǳ˧ͻ˳ѹϣһս򺣾ʱ򣬱ܹԸأ
лܹܣ
Ϣ֮ʮħǰڹħ޵Ĵ£ǰɫˮһҶ򺣾ǰ档
ħ񹬵ͨħʦʼգǰʼиּӳ֡
򺣾ߣָ鱨ʱͬѩƬһܵҶ
ħǰһеʮˣǧˣĿһϡ
ʱûз׽
װװˮƽԼӽͨ߾ˮƽ
һ߷Ÿ鱨ҶȴĿ⿴ڽ˹ϡ
죡
ڣ
һսָӣ˧һԸ󣡡
ĿһҶ棬˷֮ɫǰӹ˽
ս²ϣҶѾʼʶһĽ졣
һزսȴУս
Ҷ½УĿǰ͹ս츳Ҷ׼
Ź쿪ʼžΪǰеǰħսūţŭų˹ħǰ档
ʵͶڵħսūţҶһսֻù춯һ룬ˡ
ħǰԪ˧ħ޿ȳǵħսūŵĵһ˲Ϣͷŭ
ɱ
˧ɱЩͽһڶ
ʱʮħǰǾڵĺˮһٳ˵ȳħսūţкĺѹѹħսū
տ֧ǰ֧֧ˮһս
ͻȻ䣬Щ;޴ڵϺ͵͸߿мٱܷСƸһڱεʵʵħսūǣԼΪ˵ͳһԺͼԣȫ˵档
ɲǼ䣬Ϊ֮һա
һɲǣյգͱǵصķŬʸ鱬ħʸʸ
ħǰԪ˧޿һĻĿɿڴħħʽҲ޷ǰ֧ħͽнֹɣ
ϰ֧ʸһɲйħǰУ


2473 ؼһ
С
ں󷽹սĵڶʮһоܹܽۿħսūľϣ߳ĸ֡
һԵħڽæĸ
ܵľӵľе̹֮ˣϣһִܵľӱضᷢӳе֮ԣҲħӽ䱸ߵʱ̡
ֻǽǰħսūӪȻнֹϴܾӣʵЩ⡣
Ҳڽ۵Ԥ֮ڡ
ôսħڴܾӵľе֮ѾᣬҲһ׿Խٵ͵ӦԷ
ӦԷѾѵ뵽ħ徫ʿĹ
ԤƣһʧӦòᳬһɣҲˡ
ǰŵѵ̶ȺʵһսӦһҡ
ֻҪսħǿĸʵͺ£ԿԽʧڶʱڴӴܾһ
ǰսϣ𣬴սǣɫ˸ͣ
Ǵ˾طƳľиЧʸɱ޴
龰ħеڶʮһоܹܽͷһֲõԤУ򺣾װеҪܶࡣ
˧ǰԪ˧޼Զ򺣾ʸܼǿ󣬱ħսĴܱ߾Ҫǿ
һ֮£ǰֱӼԱˣ߸ߴ˹롣
һ⼱ýܱߵħڽ׷ױͣҲý۵ɫѿ
һָǰŵսԱ֮һ򺣾ʵ
ܹܣ򺣾ֻű֮ѣ׽ͳҿڣǸ˷ŹͷĽһ̨¡
ܹܣҪҪ˽Ӧǰš
ħڽ۵ʱǰս֣һη˱仯
ħǰŵľʿƶ죬տصĵش򺣾ֻüһ֣ħǰžħսūսһ
Ҳڴʱ򺣾ʿϵķ鱬ħ׷ʧҶ򺣾ȴ˶˴ָСģҲ򺣾ʿսʱתüס
һɲǣŻڽи򺣾ʿǣ׷׻ϽսսǹƣͬͻɽһСΪλֱӳɱħǰš
ļ˾ǵļӳطҲЩ򺣾ʿһһ⻪
򺣾ʿɱһħǰŵʿǣһ˷ðѪ̰ĿʿǣǾǿƸʿǣЩˡ
ΣƺǷˡ
ǽЩܵʿƸ
Ǿͱķ֣ǲǱ򺣾ʿƸǶԷĲƸš
Щ򺣾ʿΪձǸߣҲҪһȽϡ
սѷ䲻ƶԷĶƣԷĴ󵶣ȴ׵ĽԼһϣֻĵȥ
Ǻεȵı
Ҫǣ¸ʵҪһЩ򺣾ʿȴּս
Ϊλս󣬽Ϊһ壬ԸħΪһԸʮ˸ҲΪһ塣
ɵħӣС˲Ϣͻһǹɶ
ǿĸЩ򺣾ʿǰƺʧȥá
Ҫ֪ҶЩǰħսûš
ϸ۲оħӵսʽҶڴܹе÷Ļϣٸ򺣾ǿݳ޵װ̶ȣһ̶ȵĽ
Ȼ󣬾ѵ
ǧƪһɵѵѵΪһ壬֧Сӵսͻʮٱķӳ
ոմѪӽ뿪ʱЩʿҶռڣͽѵ
ǻתԭפѵҲδֹͣ
ƽʱоУǿԼжĬ˽Ч
ܿģħǰžͷһ˸ֲ顣
ɱ
ǰ򺣾ʿǰһɲǺˣۼžҪɱˡ
Ҫ˲Ϣƻָ룬ҪͻȻ˲ǵĹΧҪǵصĪֲ˲Ϣʧȥ
дΣһ򺣾ʿ֪Сڵصױǣһ״転
ħǰţһ龪̣ʿ
нһ˶ͷ뿪ѹɱɱȴּ׵򺣾ʿ
ҶȻָӽ˹죬Сսˡ
򺣾ʿǻڸٳɳ׶ΣҪҶĺǻ
սʼûãħǰžͳֳƣǰžųǹħʮħѲ˿Ҳֳһ浹ơ
£ʮǰȥӦ֧Ԯǰš۹´˽Ӧľ
ҲھʹʱͻأģǰŵһָӴսħ򳤵Դس
ڴͬʱصĿռ䲨˷֮ģһſųͷֻһħ彫ͻȻͱһϡ
ȴİһѲ񽫲սˣһ֣ħǰųһǧ򳤵
һͨĴӣڽһǰħħʦֱӺ⽴֮һͽǰԪ˧ħˡ
ͨۻԵս컯ͯŰʽĥ֮£ǳɱɱһս䷢ӵ£ֱѹͬס
Ԫ˧ˣһǷһǰĵˣһޣȥԪ˧
ǾԪ˧£ܱôЩضᱻնᣡ
ڴʱصĿռ䲨һţħЩӨİ׹ԴͻȻͳȻ֮еĺ£ķѡ
˧һԪҶԸˣˣİĺ
Ԫ黯һŹǰԪ˧ޣŭ˻ŭ˻УոصһѶѰ׹ǣͷ·һɿ
ǹħĿֲֻ֮ҪԪ鲻𣬾𣬾ɱޱȵѲ
ۿħ׹ǵҪٴξۺһҶ·һ
һͬģй
̫ףùħ޵Ԫ黯ޣڶ̫׺ʱħǰĲҽУ쳹ս
˲Ϣ䣬󷽵ħڶʮһоܹܽɫ䣬ã
ͬһɲǣڿ֧ŵħǰʿǣڴи߼ٱɱ;Ԫ˧޵Ĳҽʿ˲Ϣ併˼¡
һһеķӣ˲Ϣγ˴ܡ
ɽ
ʮͬʱһ컯ˣҲܹơ
ս鼫ḻ򺣾ʿǣǸһ׷ɱȺ
ȫѺϣ׷ħ˳ͻƽ˾ǣͬʱ
˵ʵͻƽ˾ǣ򺣾Բһõѡ
Ǵʱ˿̣ǰʼ¡͡ڸոձĴ󶼶ܳľҶƻ򺣾ͻƽ˾ǣǱؼһ


2474 
ʮǰڶ̶̰ʱȫ߱ħڶʮһоܹܽ۷ŭ쳣
Ԫ˧и߼׷£ǰŽһӣֱӽǰȥԮӦŵľҲ䡣
սϵĿ־ǻȾġ
ǰŵĲӵıµӦֱӵǰȥӦŵı
ӰħأйӰħ
𣿡ָշŭ
һսǰŴܣ͹ʾյӰħ׵塣
һ󲨶һӰħе䣬龪֣ǵڶʮһоܹܽµӰħͳ졣
شܹܣȥǰŵʮӰħܡˣ
ʲô
۵Ϊ֮һϣ˵ʲôʮӰħпӰħЩӰħǵҲԻɱôȫ
Ӱħͳɾ֣ûмŻش۵⣬ǳһԵ
ˣȫɨܱǧףҪͣһ˿һķɣ
һڽ۵ûзӦӰħͳȴǼԷڣҶԷѲ񽫣ٳʮˣ
ĸ֣ҵľһý۵ըëһٵɫͬһɨ˷
ǵӰħֻս϶ǼΪֲĴڡ
ȺսʵС
ǵӰħעһĻ˵ش˧նɱԷ˧Ŀܡ
һ˧⵽شնɱǶһ֧ӶԣԵġ

ڶʮһоܹܽ۵ȭʱ߬һ𣬺޺޵Ļȭͷһơ
ǴܵħĵӰħǳ١
ħУֻǰʮľţŻ䱸һλӰħ
ܵĵе򺣾Ȼ䱸һλ
ָ䣬õڶʮһоܹܽһֱӵĸо
ۿǰĴ糱ˮһ󷽣ٲӦ½Сܾͻɴˡ
۵Ŀ⿴ԱԼĸ׽ͳҡ
ıҽ򺣾ĵԭأȻ󣬱˧˧Χ򺣾۷ҧгݣ
ԭΧԮİϷ򺣾Ȼֱ룬ռܺ
û뵽һս֮£ǳ˿ı⡣
Ҳûеһʱ¾ʵܹܣأ
гײ㲿ߣɱ⣡ޱȵݣ
ܹܷģ׽ɽ
ŭУħΪ׽Ҳŭ׽ɽ
ɽ
ɽ
У׽һɫһӭڸһ׷ɱ򺣾
仯һʱ䱻ӦùЩò׼⡣
֧׽ǾԵĶԹˣĻ֧׽򺣾϶Ҳִ
˧׽
ƿ
ǽפƽ˾ǣЩħպʰָӴƿǣĽңҶ˵
룬򺣾սʤ֧׽ûκ⡣
ǣһ֧׽ô򺣾ͻħذΧ֮С
ӭ򺣾ģѷĲпս
ܹʤҲǲʤ
Ҷԣʤ̰ܣ
ԣҶƿ
£Ҫƿ֧׽Ƿǳѵġ
һ֧ΪͶħɵ׽ȻƶٶȲ죬Ϊ֮ƶٶȴҲˡ
ԣȳħսūǧսӪһĺһͼƹײ׽ʱǽۻǽҵһ˿Ц
ƹ׽Σ
ҶȥֻҪǵٶȰϢ׽ܸϵǾʤ֡۵һʱ´
ҲڴʱһӰͻȻڵһ뵽׽Ӫڡ
һɲǣɫˮһɢ˷
ɫ㷺׷Բ
ɫΧ֮ڣħħ壬ǹǦһ˵ǽ±׹һɽһٶȱޱȡ
ڸͻ򺣾ٶȣ͸ţһ
ڶʮһоܹܽ۵ĿⶸסߵӰħͳȴǾϲĴ
˵򺣾Ԫ˧һͨΪشΪ˵ãӦþˡ
ܹܣ׽еˣ򺣾Ԫ˧򺣾Ԫ˧Ҷţ
һ㣬漴ϲãߣһԪ˧ȻճҴУ浱Ҿ𣿡
ȥħ񹬵ĴʦΧ򺣾Ԫ˧Ҷ棡
ңʩչͨ򺣾Ԫ˧ϧһд£
׽Уõ׽ͳð˹⻪ŽϵҶ棬ŭ
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򺣾Ԫ˧ɱأ壡
һɲǣħţ·ǵĴɽһΧҶķ
ԴˣҶȴһЦ
Ȼֱ׽Ӫ֮У֮ߡ
УʮϢ˷Ҷķ
ħħʦϢ˿̵õ۵ҪΧҶ档
ʮλħʦٶȼ죬һ䣬ʹӺ󷽳ֱҶڵķ
Ҷ΢һţɫٴηɲǣСèХһʱ˺󷽡
ʮλħʦԸѵնɱҶĻᣬһ䣬ͼ׷Ҷķ
٣үүһ˶ȼźɫĺɫӣбֱֱ£ֱӽһλħʦó⽴ԪҲںɫ֮·ٵĻ𻯳ɻҡ
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ո˻غ󷽵Ҷ棬ųֵʦηɰףȴǴһ
ʦηɰ׷һȻûжŽٽ󣬶ֻԼȻǿˣ
컯ͯĥ£Ҷ棬ԡʦ˵սҲͻͽɱɱ
ЩѻЩħʦ׷֮ƶʱסҶȻصѷӪֻܷ
󷽣ħڶʮһоܹܽۺ޺޵Ļһȭͷһķŭʧ
һ
ܹܣ򺣾ҪˡһԵӰħͳһ仰ý۵Ǳÿɬ
˿̣׽ոջָٶȣ򺣾Ȼɱɢƽ˾ŵĴƽ˾ǵȻ򿪡
Ȼ׷ȥԮִƽ˾ǵؾʿǣͷʸꡣ
ۺȻȥҲͽֻͣᵼµĴ
ΣħڶʮһоֻܹܽĿû򺣾ͻƽ˾ǡ


2475 ּܳ
ƽ˾Ǹ߸ߵĳͷϣҶ濴糱ˮһȴħĿⶸȴħмĿһλ˸Žħϡ
ҶʱͷӦˣӦþħڶʮһоܹܽˡ
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ʱ۵˶׹䣬ҲĶҶ档
ͻȻ䣬۳Ҷ¶һı飬ȻһĶ
ҶЦһŽָ
ĵĿȻײУħѸԶȥʼɨս
𣬹Ҷǰ㱨ս˧սһħ࣬˳ʮϣնɱħǿ࣬ˣֱɱħǰԪ˧ޣ
㱨սĹЩ˷ܣһʤˣҶһ仰ȴ춵ͷһˮ
Ҳأ򺣾٣
ش˧򺣾ʿսһǧʮˣһǧˣࡣ
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£ܳĸãھУþΪʲ
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⡭
鱦Ϣǿռģֵ
ߣʶҶһЦôţܴ󶼶ԹϣԶ֣


2476 Ч
绹ǺĴ½鱦Ǽ亱Ĵڡ
ǿ߽ӵһ鱦룬ǣȴûеǿ߽ӵ鱦롣
Ϊ˶ѹʵ֡
ʱ˿̣ܳܳҶͻȻõ鱦Ϣˡ
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ʵҶѧģȴǵĻ˧ҶɫԪ鶼ҪƣƲŽ
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µ⣬ʱȴǽţսһ
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󶼶ȥٲһȫ£
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ҶȴǸһ˿ЦݣԭСλڵĻָιԹ飬ʧȥǱֻ֪ɱ¾Ĺ
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Ͼ컯ͯʵ̫ǿʺϴˡ
û뵽ȴЧֱӽܳŵˣҶޱȵĴĿġ


2477 ԵϢ
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ʰɾ̾һ㳯ѭʼ¡Ϣ׷˹ȥλʥӣԽԽźˡ

ƽ˾ڣĽƽ˾ǵķǳˡ
ϣһо·ȫڴ󶼶ܳʵϣȴȫҶµĲı
ϾҶ濴ûйʵսܳƶľ·ֱĿ
֮ǰһս˵򺣾ʿҲ󲿷ָֻս
֮ǰһսʹ첢ûйǣҶܼħĶ֮⣬ҲʼƶħĳԶƻ
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ʼ¡ǧټƵҪɵҶ棬ΣҶ涼Ÿʼ¡ԸԼĻᡣ
ԣҶصļƻ
ν֪ˣս
ƻ֮ǰҶ滹˽ħڵƣԵļƻ
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ҶϵǵʱѾħ񹬸߲Ĵħʦ⣬ȴϵҶ棬ҴһԵϢ


2478 
ϣħ̫£ѾԹ˧˸Ҳǵʮ˷оܹʮִűƵϣӺɱķأȻ
ħʦͨţҶ͵һĲϢ
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ңڶʮһоܹܽϰء
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߶˼䣬Ҷеĵȴǽȥ
ҲҿЩҶںв֣ʥƺʥʥյˮ͵ҲΪħ̫纣İԸҲ̫ѣֻҪϸı
ˣôҵֻõħ߲Դܶе㶯÷˵ħ̫£˵һεĶôõڶʮһоֱܹܽӴϵʱҶʳԼеɻ
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û뵽ľȻϰ˵ǽħʵɵĴܹܡ
һյҶϢĴʦҲײϣȫǰ˵ģֻԵһλйϵسķڱԳжһ¡
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ԽǵڶʮһоܹܽܳеıֱӴɱ˹ȥȫ°
͵ļСģҶ滳ʹУħ̫²֪ΪΣ֮ǣȱնɱ֪ħʦħ̫ӴƻҪ㡣
ڶʮһоܹۣܽʵͶЧоܹܣ۱أħ̫żĹϵ
ң˭Ҳû뵽ûãħ̫¾Ȼ˵ħʱ£ԴŴҪ纣㣬⵱еô£ʵڲ֪
ͣĸҶ͵⣬켱ˡ
ҶҪǻǶԣһѡ
£ûʹ֪ħ̫·ʲô裬ȻǰǰٶȥҶ档
ٶһǾеľҶȽٵѹԼ붼Ŀ¡
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ħ̫Ϊζ֮ǣ̫ˡ
ħ̫˽еĽ磬ҶɨΣĵĸֻϱɱħҲҶȫץ߲ħսūӪС
ϰĲƸôĿɽȫҶƻԿʡ
ħ̫ҪҶ棬ǲŽм
ҶһεĸоʲôбӦƺͽбӦ
Լǵ͹ħ̫ӶԼĳޣԼħ帹ݺʮɵƻӰ졣
ȻνӦһ˵ҲҶԼ٩
ħ̫ӿ纣ȻѶԸҶ֣ӦҲѡ
ϣһ̫ȷеϢҲ֪ò˵ãٴδϢ

ϣħڲϢʮǰ֪ħʦϣԼħʱܽӴ
Ϣ²֪˵λʹĺ͢
ʲô
ϢҶ۾ص˸ԲϢȷʹĺ͢
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ʹʱʥ⻹˼ı꣡Ψһȷǣħʱ֪ħʦ˼λʹ֮ħ̫²ž纣
ʵô϶ҶУѾ˿϶Ĵ𰸡
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ʱҶѾȷħҲĺ͢еĽӴѾǴ˺
Ҳֻгɴ˺ħ̫²Żʴ纣
⣬Ҳ־һֲϢĺͳµˮ壬Ҫսˣ
ǸϻֱӲܵսˣǺ붼ͷƤ顣
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õϢԵϢ
ħ̫µİ纣Ҷоʥˮ֣ԣ±¡
µǣսˡ
һսˣʥ֧ˮ޷Ҷ棬ǱһҲĺ͢ϴ
ңҶıôĺٵˮ壬ֱ԰ڼƣ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶѾͨˡ
ħ幥ħսߣһ塢һսڲַңĴǽˡ
ĺƲս̺ôΪ档
Ҷȴһ¡
սĺ塢һ塢һ壬ǵ걻̤ܽƽ塣
걻̤ƽ壬ɲֹ壬ҪЩ嶼õϢһǰִܱѪޣܡ
һĪĺشҶĽź𣬱ֱ衣
ʵϣ͢ʼ¡ʼıҶ֮ҶѾˡ
ǣһͬʱִܵģǴĵײǡ
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Ҷ汾ڵײ㣬֪սͨƽռͥ˺жֲ
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ҶһˣԵĺҶ棬ҲԸĿá
ΣĴ½壬ҶһԴһ塣
ֿԵ¼ǰҶҪ
ֹܲ¼۽ʲôֻҪҶˣ
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ǵҶĿǰڳеελʹôϱϱ£


2479 ǧ
£ӵ˱ҶļԵڽնɱħڶʮһоܹܽµǰԪ˧޵ԪƬѻʱһ˵Ϣ
ĺ͢ħ߲Ӵǰɣػʹ馸ʼ¡㱨Ҷ汨Ľ鱨ʱȴʼ¡ˡ
֪ˣһȻ
޵Ȼ֪ˣ
ʼ¡һĲͷ鱨Ҷ治ֱۣӻ㱨Ķͷ˾ԤڸոգҲ޻㱨ˡ
һ㣬馵鲢⣬ʼ¡йԼĲ֮󣬾馲ٴοڣ£֮⣬Ҷ滹ģħĹƻ¿ܲսôǴЩ壬Ҳпܡ
˺ˣ֪ˡ
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ʣðЩͷԣ¡ϳ޶ۣʾ
һ磬ʼ¡ɵЩ޵ҶˣҰģ򺣾ǰ··ǽΧƫƫķس꿤⵽ħ֣ʱֱɵ˼¡
ڣҶ弴ս鱨Ŀ޷ǶһµġѣΪҴܳѡ
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һԾവ䣬һϢϹ㳯£һ⼱ĵջ˿ռָ֮С
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ԭ㳯Ҫʮ𼱵鱨ȥ
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˵꣬㳯ͷأ
ֹȴסˣ㳯ڼܹܣһڣֱָ㣡


2480 ս
㣬ǱߣûκλӦ𣿡ƽ˾Ǹ߸ߵĳǽͷϣҶ濴ԶѹѹͷħӪأһġ
ҶЩΣ˧ˣûκϢµϢСϣûἰ¡
ҲûκιڴµķǣǱǱߡ

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˵Ҷֹ
һΣҶͷʼ¡λʥӣȼŭ
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ҶŭŭģȴǱĺѾʼ¡ΪһеһУʼҶԸΪԭ
ڣȴŭŭ
ΪʥӣܴյĹ磬н֮ݳ޵
ƽأʼ¡ΣҶ涼ȥܡ
һʵۣҪڼҪҪģҪ룿
ǲܣҪˣ
ʵעǹ¶ģҲǺġ
ǣȴӴƽյİΣڲˣֱǡ
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һأĬԡ
һΣλĿʥһı£Թޣɣ˲
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Ҷ˫Ŀʱ͵˹ȥֱӽıԹ֮Ը˻ȥ㻹ЩΪ챧ƽ˧ʵҲû˵
֪û˵ȴû˵Եط򺣾УȻ˺üΣѲ˾ؼల̽ӣֻλʥӶУ򺣾û취ġ
ǣȴ˼ء
Ҷľ棬ʱù콫ͱյĽģٲ˵һ䡣
صУڹżˣ˭ԲںǸոձӵĸףȴܲں
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ңܵĹأиۡ£ͱмҾڣһֱߡ
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ģǶˣѾˣֻˡ
˵ҶжӿɺǣֻҪҶΪݹһ죬ֻҪ򺣾һ죬ͻᾡԼļ԰
ħκεˣǵļ԰
ԸΪ˧Ч㡢졢ڡڡī׼׼֣ʱ빪

ˣţأİأ˴̽鱨̽ôˣҶ濴ŶûκζħӪأĪĽ
ҶĴͻƽ˾ˣǶħڶʮһоܹۣܽȴûκζ
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ҲûгһΣңңİΧƽ˾ǡ
ǳĹŹ֣ҲҶ治⡣
򺣾һս£ǲܵġ
ǽҪʲô
˧һ󵨵Ĳ²⡣ͻؿڡ

˧Ȼħ̫´Ű纣ôټڶʮоܹ֮ܽǰԭſԹƽ˾ǵʵһֱΧȴƳǡ
ǲⱾǵȴ򺣾ͻƽ˾ڣȻͨΧǣ򺣾Χƽ˾ǣƽ˾ǵȴħ̫µİ纣ǰ
ʱħ̫´ŴͿԺɨ˧ķء
ʱ򺣾Ǽħ̫µĴǷֱħ̫µĴ븹֮ܵơ
Ҫǣ£Ǳ޵򺣾ͷβоҲ޷ݡ
ʧȥսϵĴݣָܵУʱ򡭡
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ʱ򣬴ͻ᳹׵á
ҶͻΪĵһǧˣ
飬֪󶼶ܳٿ߼ٽ飬ħƣҶһļУͷźڵһ㣬ܸһ󹦣
ʵҶҲЩºˡ
֮ǰһֱҪսĿ굱ɹƽ˾ǣƽ˾ǵλ÷ǳؼ
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Ͼس֮򺣾Խĵħ
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Ҳ⣬ܹΪʲôὫʵͳܹɵǰߡ
֮·ǰߵħʶ̫׷ħ̫ӴƵĹ裬ħѾʼֿٵսߡ
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Ȼ󣬼ɱģΪԭҶıأͱħѡΪ˼¿ٵĵսߡ
һͨһ㣬Ҷʱͱø߶Ƚ
һΪħ¿ٵĵսߣô򺣾Ŀǰʵѹ޷ȫ
Ŀǰ򺣾ûжս
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ϧһдۣڶʮһоܹܽһ
㲻ȫҲҪУûжս
£ҶרעһսȥӦħ̫¿纣Ĵ
һ֮ҶĽٿƽ˾Ǵ򺣾߼һ𣬵Ȼϣɴ󶼶ܳ֡
󶼶ܳһˣҶ棬ħŷḻս飬ԣһεĽƻȻȫȨҶ
ҵľҵȫ˭Υն
ն֣ƽ˾ǴϵĽĿɿڴܻ֮ܳɣ۾Ըĸף·ڿһλİһ
ʲôʱ򣬸˧ȻҶˣ
Ҷȴ𾪣Խӹܳٿ飬ֻһ£Ǿ֮ڣƽ˾ĽµİħУǼ𣡡
һڣȻҶޱȵ
УµİħǼǼսĿ꣬ûκ۵ء
ľ飬ҪΧսĿ꣬ϸսƻ
Ҷٴڱѻȸ


2481 ֮
ֹСͿųֹ㳯һץĺ׼
ԣʱֹ֣һԼĵģػʹڡ
㳯ͨϢֹĺ׼
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ʴ˶øƣʲôöʼ¡ЦţӳֹӹʳС
һǸ㣬Цһö˿УٴЦ
óԣĸ빬еľǲһţζذ
ֹȴǼʣ⻰ڿĸóأǲó԰
ȻǺóԣ޵ĳĸ㣬͸һĪ㣬еǲľζ˻ͨ͸ʼ¡佱
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Ϸһ౨ȴ¸˻
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ţµϻر£һֹ׼һԴ±Ȼ֪ˣô˵
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ʱô׼ŭ͵һеȨȣǲ˵˵Ҳţ
£Ϸϳ˵
׼˵Ҳ
ߣҲţΪϷеȨǰ裡һеȨȣ


2482 
ܹܣƽ˾ǳͷܾȻʼΧᣬƺнǵļ񡣡
ڶʮһоܹܽ۵Ĵʵһζ׽ͳһݼ
ݼȴһ㶼ЦҶ棬ҲѾӦˣ֪ǵʵսͼ
ԣȴЩǣܹܣȻ͸ǵսͼǺã̫ͨӵٻҪʮ죬ִܵﱱ

Ծŭˣֱӽеļĵ˽ҵԴϣԴһ롣򺣾ֻʮˣ޷սֻҪܹ򺣾ǣô̫ӵ¾ͿԺɨֱռĿǰٵĺۺԭۿڡ
һͨѵýЩ׾ɦԴ٣Դǲ̫ãⲻдܹ𣡡
ǿһۿҵЩɸֵĸо
ħһ֮޷ħͳθ߲㣬ҪԭǴͷԼ򵥣ͨ
ǸǰֶӣȻȴ󲿷Ҫǿһ㣬ǲ̫Զ
˵˵ܾҪǣӦô죿ֶӡ
ҪܾǾʧȥسǵƣǵĽսƾͿԷӳǿԳûǼܾ˼˼Ϣҵ۾һ
ٴηһߣҵ𰸣̸ý⣬Ҳǿ
÷׼ܾԶ̸ǹȻȱܹܵ

ƽ˾ڣƽ˾ڵĴĳ׼
ҪҪħս£Ҷ򺣾ƽ˾ǵؾ֡
Ҷ򺣾ʿǣһĬĬԼװ;еϵĵԼ״̬ʰʿͬſЦƺħսѹͲ¡
ƽ˾ؾڣȴѹ֣ЩеʿĽģֶڲ
ոմӵͿչ۲ӪҶ棬ֱӶһԵĴ󶼶ܳԸһսµƽؾҿǸ򺣾󣬵ħг
Ժ󣬾ûĻˡף
ףܳЦⳡ̣ʿΨһɱĻᡣ
ûңսҪսƷ󲿷ַַȥʿʵң٣ǿ󣬲̡
˵ҶͷƲѡ
ļ͹ȥôˣط滹ûκϢ
£ҶԮ飬ᶼˡ
ѹԼԮһ£ûκ塣
Ҳֻħ̫µĴ̤ϴܹزŻŰɡ
ס
ܳӦʱҶĶͻȻһͻȻĴ͡Ҷ΢΢һ
ԴֺͨħӪڣûκܡ
ħڶʮһоܹܽ׽ͳҵĶԻһֲĴҶĶڣȻҲ۶µļսԣҶͷһ뷨
۶µӦսԣҶ濴ȷģûκ⡣
Ǵκһ֧ӳħҰսһ֧óħħĴսʤܣҪĴۡ
ǣϵҶ棡
ңѾûҶ档
սٻָӣͷϣҶ´ֻٻָӻûн졣
ȻҶˣҶͬʱԶһ˧
Ҫ˵һ棬Ҷµ˧ÿ˶жһ
ֶһָǰ¹ȫֵĴսۡ
ָӴս۵Ҫ츳Ҫ顣
ֻҪҶܹɺܶˡ
źڿʼҶ淢ʩҶһΣʧããҹɫС
ƽ˾򺣾ԭפʮܼᣬ־¶ħģҶɽʱ䣬ҹԭġ
ϢģҶʩչݣһǱħӪʺ󷽡
ħӪȻªȻħ񹬵ʦʦĸ־ͷ󷨡
Щͷ󷨾ֻһĿģǷֹоֶͨݷĸǱӪڲҡ
ս֮ʱҪֻ࣬Ҫٸڴ͵Ϯɼ侪˵ƻЧӶӰս֡
һϣħսӽսʱѪĽѵġ
ԣⷽ棬Щܹѵħ񹬵Ĵʦǣķǳϸ;һأֵʦʦһȦһȦѲ飬˵Ȼ˼¡
£ǴܵĵҲ޷Ǳ롣
ȴסҶݡ
סԪ鰢Ļ
ûãԪ鰢ʩչһħ񹬽ʦѲ£ö֮ĽѲ鷶Χǧ֮ڣ˻
ţʦ£ԶǧӪһĲ
ʵϣǧӪڰ˰ħӣȻûκһڡ
СϢĴӵص׳֣ЩΪߵħھӣһû취͵С
ûһͼħҶ棬;ĵȴš
ûãħǰӪֱ˺ƶĤָʸƿյ汬ֱըҽһƬ
ͬһɲǣħӪأҲʼ
һһٵĺ£ħĸӪصŴܾķ򼯽˹ȥ
Ҷϴ󣬻Ҫ𣿡Ԫ鰢Щڴ
ٵȵȣʱûҶһĵ
ͷսˣһڸɵֱۣСϢĽİ˰ħʿ֮ѾֱӴӵص׶ǰߣȥ˵򺣾ʿ
Ҷھܵļ򺣾򺣾
ˣ
ͻȻ䣬ǰ߷ĺɱħӪдоܹܵĽɫ죬Ҳǰ߷ҶǰӪмħʿҲʼСƶǰ߷
ˡҶĿⶸһʱ͸һݴˣ
һɲǣҶһʱռĶռͨش򿪣һųģλžޱȵĿס;޴һɢſֲϢѪɫá
ڶߡھţμ˧
˵ϥصͬʱһоޱȵħҶռͨз߳
һ֮䣬ͽǧ׷Բվġ
µĴӺ󷽣˺ǰһеˣ
ҵ
һɲǣڶߡھžͷµľӣֱӳԪ鰢µĻΧβ׷ɱ˸ոǰ߼ȥħ
ɱͷ󷽵ħһžɢǵǽϢĿֲӣħһɱǡ
׷׾ˡ
׼ȷ˵һӺɱ֧ħȴǻĴɵˣ


2483 ո
ܹܣҾͻȻɱһ֧ħֵ˲أȻң
һֱӽĿעǰսƵĵڶʮһоܹܽ۸ˡ
ֱӽǰѶĳӰħ˵ʲô
ӰħŴˣսսָ˺󷽡
˳Ӱħָķ˹ȥֻ󷽴Ǳ紵һᣬ쳣
кʿһǰֻҵ״̬ͱ̬ƣ˿̸һɿоǰӡ
ô£ĵˣôܹͻӪ۵飬һɲǱ÷ŭ쳣ֱӳħ񹬴ʦŭ
ܹܣǵķ󷨣ûκΡ
ڵûκ⣬ûκ⣬ôеоͻӪûκξʾ
һţ۾ͽλڵħ񹬴ʦߵѪϵѪɫҲһɲʾ
Ʋֹסǽ첻ش򺣾ļƻʵ֣µĴҲпܳԵһǰеİ̡
ǲҰܣ
׽Ӫ
ڣ
ŭ쳹ҽ󷽵ĵסǰδֳʤ֮ǰܺһ
ǣܹܷģ׽Ӫܹܽ
㣡һָһߵѪħ񹬴񹬸ħ񹬵ĸ֣ϽжҪõоͻӹʲôħ񹬲ħ񹬣ն㣡
һֱӽħ񹬴ʦŵһ£æĵͷ
󣬾ʹʮʦһʦ˺󷽣ǽµĻ
ȥϽ͵ӪĴı֡ʵҵ⣬ܹǱҴӪ󷽵ķʽ֮ʱܹܾȽһʱ
棿Ӱħ˷ܵ۾͹˳
ܹɽȥ˲Ϣ䣬Ӱħʧ
ͬʱһӽɳҪӿΧ򺣾ٶȣֻҪһ򺣾ôܴݵĵͷʰ֧ӺͻϮĴʤ֡
ǣ󷽵ĴսԽ۵־Ϊתơ
ڶߡھʮħһɱķʽɱħĴ
Ȼ˵ħӺ͵ϮʧĴҵҪԭ򣬻ʵ̫
ҶʮħҶ֮ǰռħΪǸɣȻħֳʮĻħɵʮħ
ʮĻħ˵ûʵ壬ȻҶ䱸װʵȴһ㡣
صĻħصħ壬ܹɱù
Ǿʧ֮£ȴʮĻħ˼ս
ȻҪǣǱһȺײޱȵ졣
һֻϻһȺңοǱһȺ޻Ҫײҵļһϻ
Ҷħ꾫ҶЩսУų϶ѾתѪá
󲿷ֶĽڵǿħǿߵʬתģֻʮˣõǿߵʬתġ
ΪҪǣЩˣֻ涼ǿװսĽɻ񿰳Ǻġ
Ȼ޷һһǿġ
ǺڶߡھԼЩ򳤡ǧ򳤵װΪ
ԺڶΪ۷Ϊһߵ۷ǿߵʬǣǿȴﵽ˵ڣټҶ׶
˵ȱϵڵǿߣڶҲһս
֮Ҷ֧ħʮλӵеսħꡢħʮħɵġ
̶ȿ˵Ȼ˱̬ĳ̶ȡ
µĴ׽֮ԱΪΪ֧Ϊ׽Ϊ͵ħҲ
Ǿ
ڣҶµ֧ħ񣬽Ļħˡ
ȫ
ҪҸ𣬾׳ĳ߰СɵĴһû̫Ŀɱԡ
οʮӵеսĽ졣
ԣʮħֵĵһʱ䣬սͲսɱ
һ浹ɱ
Ǵ˿̵ħʵһ㡣
Ѳһλħ񹬵ʦЩħֵĵһʱ䣬ɵˡ
䣬ڶߡھ˳ڼ̵ʱڣͱҵ
ʮħںڶߡھ˵Ĵ£ö׶ɵĹһ㣬ħɱ˹ȥ
ֻ֮йͷ­֮
ħͬոĵһ׷׵ء
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֮ǰҶһֱ֧ħصʵʵģҹදãҪҶ̫
һ֧ħ¶ôһͨħͿԽҶѹģسǵĿˮԽҶ
ڲһˣ֧ħȻҶ潫ʵһ̶ȡ
ҶڴسѾһһ¸һ֧ߴ˵ħսūΪǰ
ڣҶٶһ֧ħ꾫Ҳ̫ۡ
ҪǣҶ򺣾֧ħ꾫¶κ붯Ҷ棬Ҳÿǿǡ
ȻҶҲ޼ɵ
Ҷѡҹ֣Ҳмֲҡ˼
ͿУҶ濴˳һոħħˬ
һУӦ㹻ۺúõĺһǺȱˡ
ħĲҽҶɴһ֣սѪ˳ȥսѪ쾡սħʿָѪ
˴ģսۻ֮£Ҷţսµħʵһ£ٶǧħ꣬⡣
ҶΨһϧǣսѪЩħʵ۷Ǽˣ޷ͻƵ
ЩħԼԼҲ޷ͻƵ
ҪȻҶ֧ħɾͿֲˡ
ҲҶ򺣾ƽ˾פԭ֮һҪû֧ϣҶ򺣾ȻʵѷħʱѪս֮£򺣾ҲҪʧء
۲䣬ҶͻȻ俴ǰոһƽħͷͻȻͣôһ¡
ҶĿͶȥɲǣˣǽµľ׽ˡ
һΣ۴׽ȻȫͶ뵽
׽Ȼƫطǣʮӵеսħʮħı֮£Ҳֻħոٶ΢һ¡
ͷһҶֵƤˡ
ֱ׽ģһ̤ɫɢش֮ʱͷЩ׽ٶʱ͵ޱȣͷĶҲ˼
һ˻ӣħնɱǣ׾١
׽Ľңŭ֮£ͷ˻
һĻҶͷͻȻһ󵨵뷨
ͬһɲǣָǰսħڶʮһоܹۣܽں׽ɫ


2484 
֮ǰͼʶҶĵشԽ۵һ۾ͿҶͨش׽Ŀǡ
ԣһֱСģڽ򺣾սУҲһֱûж׽
Ϊ۾ģҶ򺣾Ԫ˧϶ǰָ򺣾Ͼ򺣾Ҷĸ
Ҳû뵽ҶͻϮ󷽵ħС
ɫɲǣ۶ͷ亹ʱˡ
˵򺣾Ҷĸ׽۵ĸ
һҶ׽ʩչɫͨ׽ɱĳִ
ǵһʱ䣬ۿʼıսƻ
Ϊ׽ܻǳˣŽⳡսѾˡ
ոյõĺͻϮʵֱӽ۸һ
ʮҵϵĽõĺãԽȫ
˵ˣµϰУƴ»ܹճʮģǽȫĽ춼Ҳղһ
ԣõ鱨ʱ򣬽۾֪ˡ
ڵĹؼǣôʧС١
ȻļΣۻڵһʱ׽Ϊͳ˧뼰ʱĵȫԣߣСʧ
ͬһʱ̣Ҷźڶߡھˣָ׽´һ̵׽ģ
ʱѪã͸ı˲ԡ
ЩҶĵشӰĻڹһħ֮ǰɱ˻׽
ЩħҶĵشӰ죬ƶٶȻƵʺ͸ֶޱȵĻȻ򣬵սģһ˾Ͳˡ
һ㲻ҶشӰѪãܵҶشӳɵѪãһ࣬磬˲ϢȫͶս
ƽѪΧһħ
£նɱħֻǰʱѣȻ׽ǣҲֻԷһֽţʱһѡ
ںڶߡھŵָ£׽Ҳо顣
ֱӽЩħĹؽжȻȭͺˣٶȷɿ졣
Щ׽ΪĽħЩѲѪòУǾһѪǧ򳤴Ѫȥɸ㶨
һʱ䣬ںڶǿ籩һĹ׽ͳңŭε
ãսȥ˭ɤŴˡ
ھų͵Ϯһ֮ʵصĽ۵׽ͳңҲܡ
״ҶЦã۵Щ׽ȫܣЩսūŵòѡ
Ҷ֮ǰЩħܵشƵʱ򣬾ͻ룬ЩħǿܶסĺǹսѡΨһȱ㣬ǿͷأٶ
Ҷĵش˫ģõɽԼࡣ
ȺǿħҶĵشӰ£࣬Ҷκε˶ͷۡ
ҪҶÿһƴնɽԼѵǾ˭˭£
ԣҶ׽
ϣɱ
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ȻҪΪƵ׽ץȥսūֱ
£һŭȣһһǧҶɱ˹ȥ
ħĹоܹܵһǧΪͶǽһǧУ䵱ͳ졣
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ЩŬӪ֮£УȻ䱸ǰսûй
֮һ˲䣬һǧλɱҶ档
ͬһɲǣָҶŭħʱϣ֪͵򺣾Ԫ˧ڴˣ˭ɱͲֱۣܹһ˵ķأ
һѪòսħ񹬴ʦֻҪлᣬҶɱ
һʱ䣬Ҷһǧ˵ٶλ
Ҫ㡢ĿڣһĻ»ᷢһԮҶ档
ǣڶߡھŵ˲һҶ˧ûֻһ۲۵ִҶ
ۿҶҪΧ֮У۵ϣҲһ⡣
ҶĿԼΧƺ̫ϳɣ
ҲһɲǣҶ鶸һ䣬ܹܣȺʱˣ
£ɱ
еҹɫͻȻѣһǧų׵ɳĽǿߣʮǿߵĴ£ƻһɱ˽۵һǧ
ԶԶģطͨͺֱӽȾ˵ɫ
з
۴һ
ȴǸӵ𾪡
Ҷһǧࡣ
ʵϣȴҪǿ١
һǧҶһǧʵ϶ԽкΪ˵Ҷһǧǿһ㡣
ҪǣҶһǧװҪһǧҪΡ
һǧľװõĲӣȫ׵Ʒһ
Ҷһǧȴȫ׵ƷΪ
˽ľǣһǧֻˣǼйħ񹬵ĴʦҲֻˡ
Ҷ֧еĵʮˣڡ
ڽѹġ
սһǧսͳʮˣȫǵɵġ
һĻ۵ģһ³֮£Լս
Ҷȴڴʱӭ
ܹܣĶ֣ң


2485 ɷ
սϿգҫۡ
һҫ۵Ľ⣬Ǹ߸սϿգ·һ
һԽɫɫɫȶֹ⻪⣬ȴЩҡ
ÿγգһͻᱻǽɫ
ǣҲǺɲǣֻѸٵĳգٴǵɫһ
ʣǵҫ۵Ľɫ⣬Ȼħڶʮһоܹܽˡ
ǵеҵĶ⣬ȻҶˡ
һȥĽǵڡ޽ӽ۷ǿߡ
Ҷ棬Ϊȴֻн۷壬벽ѡ
£Ա£ֻһɱ
ڣҶȴԽսԽ£ԽսԽǴСǿһսĽ۷ŭѣ޲ֱӽҶץȭ
Ҷȴǻֵһץ
ҶȻƣȴ۲ģ޷ս֡
սÿһħĲҽУÿһλħĲҺýҡ
෴ģҶеϲɫȴԽԽŨ
ΨԶħ񹬵ĴʦսػŵµһɵŲͱҶ棬ż׷׼Ҷ棬ȴҶ߳
ںڶߡھŵˣרעִҶҶҪҶ˧û˱ֻʵִҶ
Ĺ׽Ȼǻץɱʣǧˡ
ʣµǧ׽Ҳֻʱ⡣
ǣս˫ͳһޱȹΡ
ŰһȻڣһģռŵĽۣļ٣֣ʱʱķŭ
ʵҶսǵĻɽǺˮԼոϰûõ̫źһͨطԸ۶·硣
ңĴͷҶĵش֮£ֱ̫׵Ļӡ
Ҷ֮ûŰһսΪҶ淢֣ħڽϵط裬ǳߡ
Ȼ츳ߵǷģϵطķǳǿ
һ֣˷ؼĽϵΪ֮һգֱӱ۸ˡ
Ҷ뷨ǸɵۣСɽڵĽϵ취
ĿǰСǰսϸ򺣾ս
ңҶĿǰĽϵ޷ͻƵҪԭ򣬲ǻ۵Ľϵ취෴ģѾˡ
ԭǣҶ滹ûнСĽϵطתԼ
ô˵ɣСɾеǳϮ
𰸳ˣҶȴ
Ҷܹ̿˵ҶȻ˽ϵ취
ڸոգҶͻȻ֣۽֣֮ǰղĽϵطһ󣬾Ȼӭж⡣
Ҷϲ֮࣬ʱ˾ܵĽ֣֮ЩͨĽϵطе
£ųҶ汻
ǽΪ޽ӽ۷壬ǿֲҶ汾鱦壬İ׳ĺˮ۳׵ǿȣȷĺ鱦ķҪǿ
ԣҶ汻ĺݣʵϣûܶˡ
Ψһ鷳ڽۣΪ̫ͣ˿е󣬲ǰ͵ʦѵãҶҲǻˣڶʱڿٻָĵرһࡣ

һ⻯ɵĴ̵ȭݺݵĺҶϣҶٴκ档
ˣ۵ͷȴޱȵܡ
۵ĸоĽųҶĺɫ۸жˣһȭյĸоǳܡ
ʢŭ֮£ֱҲϧģֱӶǿͨ
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ҫ۵ģȴǽ۶ͷƽɫĹâ
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ǡҶڵ飬ͻȻɷҪ
ޣˣСһ㣬ɷȻֻһƣȴޱȵϬ鲻Ҷ档
ͬһɲǣ򺣾ϿħܵҲеĿһѪɷޱȵС
Ҷѣȴš
˿̣ҶԪĶ˷ƾո⣬ϲޱȡ
鹬лѾõȴµĽϵطһɲǣͻȻҵͷһ˳ˡ
۵һ΢⴦ǽϸĽ̰ҶǰҶɫԪĹ۲֮¡
˲ϢҶһѾõˣͻȻͨˡ
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ҶĽϵ鹬طĹע£Ҳʼٵɱ䡣
鹬ʼɱ䡣
Ҷ֮£ɱǼѸٵġ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶĽϵΪͻƵ˵ˡ
Уոմ߶ٶõɷĽۣһɲҲӦˡ
Ҷ֮ǰڱʵУҪȻôɵͻȻϵ
һˣ۸ޡ
ͷɷ׹ʢɱսϵĵ˫һս
ҲһɲǣϵոͻƵҶ棬ͬʱһϢٴξ
ɱ
ŭȼ䣬ͷɷطֻɳǧڽ˷Ľɫ⻪С
˷ǳǧɫ⻪΢΢׵ɲǣɷɱһҶɱȥ


2486 ӡ
ںɷĽ⣬ͳͳɱҶڵλá
ڽ۵ȫ߶֮£ٶȿ쵽˼㡣
ɱ֮ǷһҵĲ
һɲǣеĽսʿҿɱλãΪǸλɷѾʢ˼¡
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ֻ¡ŵĵҶ氲Σ۾ĶűɱǸλá
һɲǣһоԮˡ
ǵɷĴ̼£˫Ҳڴ̼֮½סˮ
У۲һ
ΪڶʮһоܹܣλȨأôҪûЩѹ׵ֶΣڶʮһоܹܣ
ɷѹɱ֮һ
ǵ۷Ĵڣһɱ֮£ҲˣοҶһ벽Ӧ˵һոͻƵĵ
һҶ˾ȻĥʯսͻƣͷһĪıС
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ʱһնɱҶ棬ͷųࡣ
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ߣʲôΪ˴𢣬޿Ϊһ֮˽ɣֻƵ飬У
Ҫˣǲǻƣ
㡭
ָŲʼ¡׼ͣŭֱ졣
˳һʼ¡һ䣬뿪

£ͷĴ׼ͻȻһ춯صŭ𣬡Ϸ򲻴
ŭһһ̤Ȼ޷ǿ壬ô׼ǻһ𣬷ӵ֮ϣеһȨȣʼ¡ȥ
һĻֱӽǬڵǧɵˡ
Ǭ磬ô𱬵ĳ棿
ͬһɲǣʼ¡ڼܹ㳯ɵˡ
Ǭװ𣬴ܶûˡ
ֱʼ¡ͷѪɽأڼܹ㳯ʧݣݣ
˵䣬㳯Լһ˵ʼ¡ϣΪ׼һȨȣͷôʼ¡ϣ


2490 ´
ǬڣŴ׼ȴʼ¡һĻһȫɵˡ
ڳسǹ壬ɵˡ
˭ûоĳ棬֪ȥá
µĺǣȺĿŴ׼еȨȣһڵصʼ¡ϡ
һߴ򣬿һš

Ϸʹ
Ҵ㣡
һߴһ𿴴׼ಢûжֻñ
Ǵ׼ǵ۷Ĵڡ
Ԫǿޱȣһӣǧ֮
ʼ¡ⷽǬСķӹͷѪأǱ
Ϊʹƺ߲ҽ
˵ʵôˣŵʼ¡һָͷû˵ǰȴ
ֻڼܹ㳯Ļʼ¡ϣһȨ䣬㳯ﻤ
Ǭ㳯ȻеΪҲ޷˿Ϊ׼Զĸйͷѿ
ʧ֮µʼ¡ͷǸж֮
һĻ׼ŭ
ǵ˶ˣ㳯ȴڴ׬¡
һŭ֮£þݡ
㳯Ҳҽ
Ҳڴʱһ򱻵ͰĽʿǣ׷׷Ӧǻлݵְ㳯ĺ£ͳʼ¡
״ʼ¡ϲָŴ׼ŭȵ죬ƥ͡
һڽʿ֮£Ŵ׼ද֣ȴȨȵĴ׼ŭĿ߳˭Ϸ򣿡
ϷһȨȣǿ۴֮´ϴ
׼һۣһеȨȣʱͽһڽʿˣ˭ҲǰеȨȣʼ¡
ݣٻݣʼ¡Ŵ׼ɷģʼ¡һֽᱻĸо
ڴͬʱµسҲӦ˹Ծ馷Ӧ죬ֱףıס˴׼ȡ
´׼ţҲ֡
׼Ϣŭ׼Ϣŭֻ·ţķң׼ס֣һش¡
馲ڻգһھǵĴ׼ಪȻŭ黹ҿڣ¹شܴľ£龹ȻŲʣκδá
˹ͷ˵ģҶ˵ǼϢҲӦӡ㡭
úúãϷϴٴ
ŭ׼еһȨȾͲܲ˵ĺ䵽˾ϡ
ֻǶѻĽΪǬڣ޷壬Ӳ˼һȨػ͵ͷѪ˹ȥ
˾馴ͷվڰǰȺҲѧˣ׷ȥȵıȣ첲ı첲ıס˴׼࣬ô׼಻ö
سסԼǴ׼ҲҶ֡
Ҫǵֵ֮Ĵܳ͢¾Ҫ̱һˡ
˻ᣬʼ¡㳯Ĳ
Ͼһ֮ھĻ֮ʼ¡ӦͬʱҲԼ޴
Ǭʲôط
ǴǬչԳһĿռ䡣
ǬУǬ֮УĪ˵ǵ컯ˣҲΡ
Ǭߣ
һɲǣʼ¡һǬڿռĪһŭĿֱĴ׼ͻȻһͳʴһģǬڵİС
ӦĴ׼ʱͳʼ¡ŭϷпһȨȵּ⣬ϴ´Ҷң
ƥ򣬾ȻǬŹޣֱǷˡ˵ţʼ¡Сǣ˶ͷ˿ڣ۵ǵͷŭ
Ϊһ;е鱨ȻҵŹޣҪǲ㣬ηڣ
ʼ¡Ҳǻ˳
£ֱܴ谡
һڴ󳯻ϵǧȺ棬Źģ˲ҽ
֪Ժ󴫳ʲôģ
ȷ¡ΪЦϲ˵Խ֮󣬽ɨأϲڡ
˿̷Ӧʼ¡еŭֱ졣
ȷеϢĺˣ޻ŹޣҲˣ
ɾôһҶСϢ㾹Ȼ޻Źޡһ˵£ʼ¡ָˡ
㲻ǻ˭ǻ
һ⻰ŭĴ׼ƿڴҶΪսʵۣȻΪӣң£ҶΪΪѪƴĳ
ȻҶΪӣģǻ˭ǻ
˿̿ʼ¡ǳ׵Ŀ˺ˡ
ԭ֮ǰż֣ûй߳Ҷ棬ڷŭ֮£ܲ˵߳ҶΪӣóһԴˮ
Ҷ棬ǿĴڰôأ
ƥ޿ǱǸҶԻͷȻΪһ鱨Źޣ޻
֨ƣ
һصĴǬĴͻȻˣſ̤һ۵н׹Ա
н׹Ա̤Ǭɲǣ͵ɵ±ƣϵϲɫһɲǳʧ
ΪǬβԣ׼౻ߵ˵̤ɲǣǬڹԱĿ⣬䵽ϡ
εѹûŵӡ
ʼ¡ɫرޱȵѿ
£ֶһ֪
ǺˣȻôǬֵʷ
ݱ
ͱݵĽݱ
ݱ֣ǬڵĴܾǣͷ׷һɡ
ݱһ壬ͻСһ㣬Ҳôá
Ǻߵġݡĸ֣ȴǬڵĴܾɫ׷һ͡
ʲôʲô
ͷѪһǱʼ¡һֻӬһѿ
ֵʷҲסˣȻڱݵĽݱʼ¡ζʲôȴ֪δá
ǣǰľԱȴ֪Ǭڷ˶ô춯صĴ¶
ֵʷͻʵ۲ͰĹһ߾еĽݱС·һߣһһּϲõ
£ݣݣ
ƽ˾Ǵ󶼶ܳ뱱Ҷݱ򺣾ƽ˾ħڶʮһоܹܽ°
նɱħʮˣħ֮һҹ׷ɱնɱħʮˡ
ħڶʮһоܹܽ׽ˣ׽һǧˣħ׽ͳңնɱħ彫ǧˣɻ
ħڶʮһоܹܽȻʲвǡ
ݹԱԽԽСģسĿԽԽŹ֣һһĿ⣬ǿһһ
͵͵̧ͷɲǣͿʼ¡ӣǳѪһӦ˵ó˼ʮһޱȵ죬Ȼѿ˼㣡


2491 ˫ս
ʵʼ¡ԼҲоԸˡ
ݱһžžɽ졣
Ǹѿ
ոջҶΪأڣҶһݵĽݱ
һҹ֮䣬ɱħʮˣնɱħʮˣֻ˺պ׽Ǵݣ
ݴݣ̫ʱˣ˵̫ˡ
һˣʼ¡ͷŨŨĺ⡣
ոձ׼Ǭһȴ򣬻ݽݱˡ
ʼ¡ȻʼɣҶ׼õġ
Ϊ˴Ϊʵѿ
Ϊһʵۣηʼ¡ǼΪеģ˲Ϣ뵽ࡣ
˵Ҷ׼ѿ²̨ôΪʲôҪôأ
ʲôͼأ
ܹʲôôأ
ʼ¡ΪһⷽǷǳǿġ
˲Ϣ͵óһһ亹Ľ
Ҷ׼ôõκκôһˣȴõô
˾ĿǰὭԭ
ʵ˭˭кô
ԭκˣ
֮Ҷ׼пѾԭһ
һֵƶϡ
Ҷ滹ãƿĴ׼ת֧ԭôԭĳֿܡ
˲Ϣ䣬ʼ¡ͱɭ֡
ηóƶϣ˲Ϣ侲
򺣾ħй⵽ȷ֮󣬽˾۹ͣ
ĬǬУʼ¡ҲȺһ
ֻҪƱͱʱȻȥ
£ʼ¡ͺ޺޵ĶűǬĴ׼ࡣ
ԽԽޣԽԽŭ
ҲŭĿӣá
ƥ򣡡
аһ䣬ʼ¡ȴѸ
˵Ļ׼ΪҲĸԸ
ǣʼ¡
ôܻ
ô׼ľٶͷɶġ
ǣ浽һܵվӣ£׼ͱ÷Σա
һʵںĶֻȨ
ǻȨҡַʱκһʵ۶޷̵顣
ȻܻȨӰ죬㲢ڻȨϽ֮¡
Ҳ˵ĻȨһ̶Ӱûа취ֱӲ
ڲĵȨְλͨͨڲġ
ڲ֮ͳһȥûʵ׼Ҳֻһʽ
֮ʼ¡ٷŭҲ޷ֱӳ׼ѡ
׼̣ǿвĵλȨǾ;Բ̡
ߣ޷ֱӳ׼ڲȴԡ
˾֮ٴζһ۱ǬеĴ׼֮ʼ¡һһԲֱ˳ˡ
Ŀǰ⸱ݣҲʵ˴ˡ
ʵһߣˡ
ô˳ˣôһ£
׼໹أô죿
ǣʵ۶ˣܷܲŴ׼ȫʼ¡һ֮䣬ţҲΪ
Ҫǣ׼ȴʵۣ˭֪ʵ˴ޱȵķŭ
㳯֪Ŵ׼಻ף˭Ҳͷȥһʵ顣
û취ֻɴ׼š
Ҳʱ֮ǰûľת֮£һң˴ʱ
Ķһ۱ߵĴ׼࣬馾һɭ֮ڡ
Ǭڵ飬˭йƬֻߣһߣֱһս
ȻֻǺȰѲ˾ؼ࡭
Ĳش㵽ֹվĳ˾ʱͷӦ˹
½
󣬾馴ͷ뿪Ǭ˴ͷǬھ߹ˣֻʣ´׼һ˱Ǭڵ
ãǬ˴׼һ̾Ϣ
ҴܣҪΣӡ
Լֵôףʵ۶һҲս飬ɼ׼ж䡣
ƾĶۣ׼Ҳ׹ΪЩˣǾԲڡ
ȻʵȰѡɲѣǾֻˡ
ᶼ᲻ѣֳȨȵĴ׼ҲǾԼı֡
պҲܵڣ׼ǰͦˡ
Լûж롣
ܻȨϽʼ¡ŭҲܽô˽һڶ
ǣ׼಻֪ǣڻʵۻع¹ûãʹһһڼּص˷

ƽ˾˧ڣһҹδߵҶڲĿŹڷʩ
սĴɨս鱨׷١²ҲսͷϷ
Ͼֻһսûгħ
Ҳħ巽ò˶ãܹ£ܱ
ԣսûн
Ϊսħ̫¿纣ҶսҶץһʱ˹ڡ
Ȼݶ˵ı֣˭ƽ˾һߡ
缲͵صĽݱʵֻ鱨
һĴ̽µ鱨ǣħڶʮһоܹܽȻڱռĳ꿤ǣɳſʼ£
ʱ˿̣򺣾ʿ󲿷Ѿתƽ˾ǣֻսӪԼʱɵļ֧ͨۻԡ顢ʦηɰסĿ˴ľֶӣڸ߻Ĵɱħ
Ȼٲɴ͡ṩ鱨֧֡
⣬ȾħսūţֳʮСģӣ˷Ϊٶնɱħ
ڷİµѲ񽫣󲿷Ҷ涼÷İߣ£ĿħдĽ졣
սȻСģսȴڳ
ԣ͵صĽݱУħʮֻһĽ
ҶƲ⣬ħյڰʮϡ
ħɢӣΪ£ٶ
ħսūšսӪԼֶӶٶȿ˧ۡ
ӹ鵽֮ǰٴνɱԱδΣԽ͡
ֻҶܰս
ڽȺ׼۵Ĵһ㣬Ҷδǹ
Ҳ˵ηԭ򣬾ֻ˵ս
ս棬ħռš
һν۱ҶҲǳħԼҶҶ浥Ŀ
´֮ȫױ
ǿйǣԲС
ħ岢ǲسǣħ岻Ǵһóسǡ
෴ģħسǵˮƽҲͣЩӴ͵ʦҲ͵˲ս
ҪǿйǣҶ򺣾Իִ
ҹ򺣾սǧˣҶ涼۵Ҫ
Ҫ򺣾ȥǣѪȥƽǣǾԲܡ
ԣҶֻѡս
ôҶҪģǾܵ۵
˧ؼ
ͻȻļֱӽ˼ǰδսֵҶ澪ˡ
ؼˣ
ɻһۣҶӹһۣĿ࣬ô


2492 ֮͢ı
һ޼ʵıīԶƽ羵
Ҫǽƽ羵ĺ涸Ȼŭ뺣
ʱʱʱʮ׸ߵͷ·һͷʱĹһ
ʱһƬϣ죬ˮ졣
ˮ벨ΣһƬ˴ֻĽ
һֻԶĴӸոչ۲쵽ˮ֮󣬾ͼĵת˺
ԶĴֻķһƬƶˮ벨Ҳƿˡ
ҲҿǺĴ½дӣɳ߽Ļ̽·Թܷա
ЩԶĴ鶼ޱȵķḻȻֳĻƶˮ벨ΣȻ
ϳͨˮжоͨطͨǱܵԽԶԽá
ҪȻһ͵
ҪýˣͻˮһЩ䳳Ҫ
Ľһ㣬ͻĳЦк߳
ڲУ˲ϢΡ
˸벨εУڵˮ͸ͻῴˮһҾ޴ޱȵľ
Щ޴ޱȣСĶǧϣס
󷨹⻪ӳյĲļװϣ޴͸ͬħʱǧٹֵ̬ڼװϣԽĵϷ
Ҿʱıӣˮնˣǰš
磬ȴ֪
˭Ҳ벻ˮ벨УȻŸߴϵľӡ
ǰһŽɫĵľ޽˿̷Ŀ
Ҿ޽ϷߵĲħսʿǺŮĶУдū
ָƼȱ͵˶װϣĶװϣϰֻɴƵ輧ڱˣ޽ǰװȴƽ羵ܱŵħ彫ˮ彫Ӹе㷢졣
Ҫħ̫뱱ڳţǣһʣˡ
װϷħ̫¾жҲŵģĺͬ͢һıˮҾԪ˧
ŵģȴһͷǡڡɫˡ
ԣҲһ塣
Ĵ½ΪĹˮԪ˧ȻҲ޲֮ɫɼ˵֮ߡ
̫ӣ´Ԫ˧ҲܹϢĿԽȫλ֮
̫ﾴλһ˳Ԥףս˳ڴܿħ̫¾˾Ʊ
ĺ͢ܣӦ֮ꡣ˾ƱЦ
̫˵ǣˮħϰ֮󿪽׾֮¡ˮҾԪ˧УٱЦ
ûȷ׾֮¡ħ̫ٴδЦ
һȴħָ̫ʵǲ֪ĳ⣬ʱܵ¹ĺ͢Ĵƣ
ħ̫һ£Ӧÿˡ
شȴûǸ̫⣬в֮ɫ״ħֲ̫һ䣬ʵҪİħūȻ׼ѡ׵
ֻǣҪһˮСȡҲҪʱ䣬ҸʵĽڼӽ
̫ӷģһˮеĵһˮһڵ½֮ǰ̫ӡ
һˮж٣ļ
һǧһǧˮ
𰸣ðĻ⣬һ仰̫ӵȴ˵ˡ
ޣ̫Ӵͽ̣
ǰħЩˮԼʲȫĺ͢ͺãҰûʲôϵ
Ұ֮Ը̫ӵߣΪǰԴ֮һֱû͢ŭ׷飬ֻûͷ֮£˳͸̫ӵµĴһȦͻȻʹ˹
һԵıˮҾԪ˧УȴЦ̫˵ﻰǴĺ͢ʹħʵʹǰǷԸˣҪʲô֮£ʾ㡣
ٴδ˸ֻǱ¸Ӷѣûʲô¡
ôأҲ㷨ޱߣҪȻֻƾУ޷Ĳˮ
һһͣһһ䣬ֱӽħ̫¸һߡ
ħ̫ħжô꣬ζ
˵弫̰Ȼ
սûʼأȿʼҪôء
һ֣һڵĴʦǰʦֱǰС
ˮȴ۷ʦţҲǾٲѡ
˱̫ЩĴӸռһˮЩС͸̫Ԫ˧ҲԸϰ˳
ô˼ء
ţǰĵĶȴ˭죬ֱӽһ죬ȥʱչմЦ
ʮˮһˡ
̫ӵ·ģͷ֮޲һССıҶ
ϰ֮ҪҪˮǱ̫ӱ˶̫ӵµǲʱ̫ӵôô
һħ̫´ϲˣͶл̫Ԫ˧ˣʱҶͷϼңй˱̫ӵͷ֮ޣл
һлĸ֣ĵ˫ʱЩŹ⣬
۴ܹܼһǰһոյĽ顣
һۣħ̫µ飬ͱѿޱȣ
ͷշӿĺ飬˲ɢ


2493 ˮ
ûҵ𣿡
ƽ˾ڣҶ濴鱨ţһء
˿̵ţһĲô˧ʧˣѾɳеֵܣǱʵ̫ˣĿǰûзֵоһ˿һټ
Ҷ˰֣ޱߣټ϶ԷмֿˮϣҲҲ
ˣλʥǱߣûµϢ
ش˧λʥǱһֱϵҲɳ˴ˮѰħӵټʱҲûзħ١
ʥҲ˵ˣѾڿܵ½ĵص㸽·ϣ˴ϵˮ壬ֻҪħ֣Կڵһʱ䷢֡
⣬ĺ͢ĲսôǼˮһӵټˮһͬսЭġţ˵
Ҷ˵ͷĿǰΨһĵĵط
ֻǣһˮȫսǿֵܳԺҶ治
ԣҶļżŴת
ͻȻ䣬İ󲽽Ҷ˧ʡ
˧µ鱨̽Ĳˡ

ħڶʮһоܹܽˣȴڴ£
ĿǰܹӵǵħȻȫ£ȥˡ
ж٣ʵΣҶ漱еʵҶĵ⡣
£ıȴ˧ԤҪܶࡣĿǰ£µֻпʮҡ
ʮʵһ㣬ֻ֮һǽ֮ǰľ
Ҫǣʮеĳ߳ϵĽ죬´ֵǸɱˡ
û˽ָӣħֲǴͳһָӣ඼űĽ죬µΪҡ
ȻʼѵЩİ˵
ԣҶʵ֡
ǵģȫʼ¾ʹѲҪɱħ彫죬ڻҲ׵֣˽յ״
⵼½µĽȱҿѵĽٵѣֻܹԳȫ
ԣҶ۾һУûпһɱһֽ죿ң߱˧ԳһΣ
Ҷ˵볹׽۵
Ͼ⣬ǲܳ׽¹ؼʱ̾ͻΪͱҶ汳һ
İҡҡͷʾûܡ
˴ܣСģϮȫƵ˸󷨷Ѳص׺յħ񹬴ʦϡ
ЩдĴʦǣһѵĸһҹͣѲ⡣
ҲдĴʦǣǰֻһѲ飬һǷֳ滻Ѳ
ٴγ͵Ϯ¼۽նɱ˼죡
ԣҶ۾һУдĴʦж٣
ҶΪͻƣҲո˵һ˼
˧֮ǰõ鱨ǽ۴Уħ񹬵ʮˣеʮһˡ
֮ǰսնɱʮˣ²һˣشˣ׷ɱսУ½նɱˣشˣĿǰµĵĿʮ˵ʮ֮䡣
ôĵ񣬾Ҳǰȥˣڴ˧
Ҷʵͼޣţȴǲ֪ˡ
ҶȴҡҡͷôͬʱţҾǱȥҲɲʲô£һã˵Χ
˵Ҷ滰һתȴԤҪúֻܶ࣡ʮ٣켱ȱ㾭ѵҲʲôΪΨһǵģʮˣһɲܺӵ
սͳƣնɱħʮˣ׷ɱ½նɱ˶ʮħҶ㣬£ܻߴʮ
ҪʮħǾͺͷˡ
ʮͲһˣһֵĳǺͲߣܹôԲᳬʮˣвС˺ܶࡣ
ƾʧǶʮħȻƾʧˡ
ЩʱپۼµľǣսֱӴžӻϼˡ
ȻǲǳսǿŽȻûкôôãתµľȥѰôˡ
һ㣬Ҳûа취ɡ
ȻˣϽƽܳ򺣾׼Ӫת׼ӦԿ纣ħ̫ӵĴԼֵܳˮҶ´˾
˧ˮսƾʮ򺣾ɵס˧ǱԮΣƽ˾Ǵ󶼶ܳʱһ顣
ܳ绹ãһҶͷۡ
ԭ˵ˮսһԮڣҶڶˣֻˮĴģˣܿˡ
û취ҳһسãҶ˵ʼӼߡ
ҶҲûϵ׼ྐྵȻ˸ңһȨϴ´
˵ʵ׼ٶǽȷʵġ
һʼ¡Ϊеˡ
ǣһⱱݷǳɵıȥͱ˴
λʥӵ򣬻ǴžžѪ֡
гºֻһ뷨Ҷ׼ںϻλʥӡ
ҪȻôɣ
ҶҶ췢ģ£û
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2494 
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2495 ׼ѡ
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2496 Ѫ
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2497 ʵ۱
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ҶһӣһսѪѪһͽһʮӵǿ˽ȥ
սѪѪһʣȫͬһʱɢ
˶һʮҵϵӢӵܵıԪͬʱѣ˶ᡣ
ҲҶ治֪
ҶҪ֪ϣ
Ͼÿ˶ûʵ۸ԼĻᣡ
ҶĵУһŴżֳȻĶһеľѪĵѾޱƽҶԪ
˲Ϣ䣬⻪ţǱ˽ʿһԱÿһ㣬ҶԪԶһ㡣
Ҷһ˿ʧѪĴȻ޷׽
ȲȴܲȡʤҶĿ⣬һһнɢŶϢĶһľѪ


2498 սƻ
ҶɫԪһ̰Ѫһ½ٽﶫһĶѪעȥһ޵׶һûκҪ˼
Ҷ֪νȡʤ뷨вͨġ
Ҳûб仯
ٽٽﶫѪȥȻʼԶҶɫԪ飬ѾﵽҶαʱľ롣
֮ӶҵϵӵѪоĶѪȷʵܹķʱ䣬ȴ޷
Ļ˧˵ֻҪ˾һξѪͻ⡣
ôͲ⣬ʡ
Ҳ˵Ҫ˾ľѪܳ׻
ΨһĺôǶһľѪԴƳķʱ䡣
һʮһϵӵĶѪҶϿƶϳӦýķʱ굽˰֮䡣
֮ǰʱ䣬ķʱ䣬Ӧڰ˰굽һǧһ֮
ǰ˰ʱҲңԶ
£Ƕڵǿ߶ԣչ֮ʱָʱѹ
ҪǣӵٱʱռҶԣ˰ʱ䣬Ҫȫֻǰѡ
꣡
ҶЦһ£ܿɾʱռչΪ
Ȼżʱռڱչؼʮϰ꣬ûκġ
Ҷ˿̵ôż
ԴΪͻƵ֮ߴӡ
񷶥֮£ӡһֱҶɫԪڻתţÿһתûκԪ룬ҶΪһơ
֮Ҷ治ֻҪӡڣ˯ԷҶΪڳš
Ҷڲģǵĸط֮
Сɣ˵ʵط֮Ҷԣûôѡ
ǣܳϮҲҶܱԼġ
ֱǳϮһطʱҪ⣬ȲҪѾһ㡣
ԣҶȱʱ䣬ڣȱѵʱ䡣
ϧǣʱǰ˶ƽȵģҶٱʱռҲһ
ʱ䣬СèҶִ˱ʥˮϷʱռǱµҶ棬Ҳʥˮˮ
ǱµģҶĵϢѾȶҶΪȻ׵ȹ˵ڡ
Ǳ޵á
µʱ䣬ҶͻƵգҲӵĵӦ֡
һҶ治öκͨطֻǽˮϢһţһ㣬ӿ䣬ʱͳһˮֱͨͨʥˮ
Сèһһֱ庣ס
ʥˮſڣ͵õϢľʥʥƺʥˣѾʥˮſڵȺ
˿ҶʱһʹЦ
ϲĵͻƵ
λⲻҲԶ𣿡ҶЦţ뾸ʥʥƺʥ˾԰ѱ۽ʥˮ
ʥֵܣЩΪʵһֱͷģֱ˽۷壬˵ż˵Ϊųֲࡣ
ĿǰʥΨһͻƵġ
˵ʥͻƵҲǵЩҶṩЩצľѪѪһ
񣬸ʥѾһͷͻƵצˣΪҶ࣬ڡ
ʥƺʥ˾Ͳһˡ
ʥһͷɫ޾ƺʥı壬һֻ޴㣬Ȼ˵ˮ֮κһˮõľѪܹõľ޴ĺô
ǵ˵ؿڣͻƣĲͻ֮⣬ҪѪ
֮ǰ徫Ѫ˾ʥƺʥΪȴ޷ǵѪ
޷Ǹʥһ˳µͻƵֻֻܿߵȴԵ
񿴵ҶȻͻƵȻĽ
ԴˣҶҲû취
ӵʱռҲûκΰ취
ҶԼʱռطΪҶԼͨС˴طҶֻǡ
ʥƺʥҪƾղطʱռûа취ˡ
ôֵܣȻΪڴʱ˿̳ƫѾƽĽܡ
һ֮󣬾¡
ĿǰǻûзħҲûнӵħˮûеִȻ˵ԪˮХǱ˶ǾӦÿˡʥ˵
ĵܣѾʼԱˮ壬ˮԱˮȻ򣬶е࣬ȫ˵ѪᣬҲЩ͵徫ѪǵΪʵܿ졣
Ϊͨ񾳺Ϊֻʥ˵
ƺʥֲˮսΪͣ˵Ѫᣬˮ;޴ߣʵսԶΪǿ
ʱͳ˧ָˮˮƵо
ⲻƺʥ˼Ǿʥ븲Ĵʥ˼˲ǶҶ漫ΪΣǶҶľָҲΪΡ
꣬˾ͶĿҶ棬ȴҶġ
ҶȴǱȻλֳΣҾͲ˵ϻлˡ
һ·ʱռϸһ˼·ҾģǵսƻҪһ¡
ʥĿһ뿴Ҷ棬䶯սƻô
Ҷȴͼһָڱսƻ֮ǰҪȥһ


2499 
ͳοһķԲٶﺣıľ
ϣÿһλὫԼλѡͳκλõĵط
纣Դ࣬ˮƽȵȡ
˿̣Ҷ븲ʥոպϿգĵܣ·ˮ֮УƬ̼
룬Ҷȴҡҡͷ绹ǲҪȥˣ£Զְɡ
ţʥ¶ɻ֮ɫ
Ҳұ֮ǰսƻԭ򡣡Ҷһ䡣
֮ǰʵҶ滹ƽ˾ʱͿǹħˮϮʱӦԷ
ɰǧˮҪϰ򺣾ʵǿܴ򼸸
Ҷ浱ļƻǱҪˮϰǰǡ
ôأ
ȻԪˮʥˮˮشˮĴˮͻϮˡ
ĴˮЩһֱصĺܺá
±ҶʧȥʥҲһֱڽ͹
ԭҲܼ򵥣ΪʵֻһĵͷĿѡ
󣬻ű󣬻ĺ͢
һһˮһһͳΡ
Ϊһ컯߷ϣǵһҪԵķˣĺ͢
ҶԭƻĴˮڲͻϮܹսˮشԽشħ
ϸ룬ȻƻҶһʱ֮죬شǰħˮǣȴǺ
ΪһǱĺ͢ὫҶµĴˮͽ컯
컯ĺ͢ɵĿԡ
ͽȴԲܡ
ΪĴˮѵˮ壬ѵĺ͢ͱ볹նɱȶˮ֮ģȹǵͳΡ
ֻ֮ҪĴˮĺ֤͢־Ͳϡ
ΪĺͥǾԲĺ֮йȻˮͽڵġ
ԣĳ̶ֳ϶ԣҶ֮ǰļƻ൱ԾĹ
˵ͱһֻһź
ҪǣʥˮҶת½Ψһ쾶ǸܲܶʧҲܱ¶
ҲǳԭҶŸսƻ׼һ
ڱĴˮ£סһεˮȡʱ䡣
ҶԣֻҪȡʱ䣬ôδԿˮ壬ѶȾͻһ͡
ħ̫µİħ徫Ҷ浹һҲġ
뿪ˮĸֻҪħ̫µĴ˰ǾǽҶĵ̡
Ѫĥôõ򺣾ɲǡ
ǡʥűЩģȻĵܻδͻ˱
ڱȴһǱӪվõѣˮˮУʵԵõɱ
Ҫǣˮڸƣĵһ˽ȥ¡
İɣƻʧܣûκġǶ㣬ǸϽȥѡɡ
ÿǧȡ̵ʱڣǵʵһء
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ʥҲˮ֮Ҷ˵ļͻһˮ⣬˲ϢԶȥ
ҶȴҡһΣֱӴӸ߿ʩչݣ˺棬ֱ
һƬˮ򣬲Ǳڣǧɫ񲻷
ģȴǺѲߵˮ
һһֶˮѲ߸ͣ侯衣
ÿһѲˮӵˮʵˮɼʵˮԣȷʵǿ
ЩˮڵҶ棬һ
ҲҶϢҪҶ泹׷ųϢЩˮһ˲ܹ̱ࡣ
ûãҶںһ̹лŽˮˮϷĸַǳۡ
˿̣ˮŽգˮɶȻܱżˮ󱣻
ˮҲˮѡ
ԽԽҶԣ͸Լûʲô
ûϢҶ׾ٵĴˮ󣬽˱ڲ
⣬ڲķؾͿ࣬Ѳߵˮ岻٣ûΧôš
ռĹ㣬ҶҲǹ羰һѲţ۲űڵѰűλá
羸ʥյ鱨һڣûеǿߣǿߵв١
Ҷ滨˴ʱڱڿһȦڵĽǿߣһʮһˣԽڵˮΪʱڸص
ڵģֻˡ
Щǿߣ˵ΪͻƵ֮Ҷ棬δͻ֮ǰҶ棬ҲΪǡ
ڣҶרĵѰűټ
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ҪɾҪˣҶոƶǸƻûִأҪزˡ
УҵŪ١Ҷʱ˾
ҪŪ٣һˮûõģҲ֪
Ҫʣ͵ʱڳ֮ߵļˡ
ةֻ࣬Ǳˮͳ죬ЩˮӦûĶ
ҶȴȥѰЩˣΪڸոգҶڱĹȺУһˡ̫Ӱῡ
һ걻Ҷ²ȻҶֱս꣬ǳԾ˿ͷ
˵һʱ䣬Ϊ˱ñҶƺͱвĶӰ͵ĺ͢ӻ
Ͻ⣬ǩˮ屣֤ͨкͲϰЭ飬գҶҲûڹǸù
ʱΰȴҶѯʶ
῵ܿأҶǰǲ˵κμٻġ
ˮϵԪŨµһڣῡϥŬĴĥӦںϵ
ͻȻ䣬ῡи֮£͵۾
һۣῡһĴվһˣһЦĶš
ˣϤĳˡҶ棡
һһż䣬ῡͻޱȽţҪֽ
ʱҶ濪ˣ㲻ú£Ҵֻ㼸⣬ֻҪʵشͺãĥ㡣
Ҷżῡסˣ͵
ϼ޻ʱ׹Ҷǽϳ۵Ķӡˣ
дҵͬʱῡʱͻһϻ̳ϿֵģֻҪҶүĥңҶүʲôҾʹʲô
Ͷˡ
ԣҶЦңȥˣ


2500 
ҶĿע£̫ӡῡͷȴͣתţ˼ţôشҶأ
˵ôӦͻȻıҶأ
Ӳ
ǰʵȫʢʱڣұҶشնֻԪѵ⡣
ȻѱٿԽʵһϡ
ǣҶʵȴ⼸ϢͻƵ˵
ŸӦҶǵĵеѹϢ;ˡ
ֱ𾪵Ըӣ
ҶɽɱʱҶֻͨ񾳵Ϊ
Ŷ꣬ʮʱɣȻȻ

һ˲䣬ȻһĪѣθС
Ҳֻа벽֮ң
ֻܸᣬֻܶĶӰῶᡣ
⼸ҹŬ۵ԪȻӰ῵ԪںϵĿ
Ҳں϶ѣ޷Լȡ
Ŀǰ£ֻܷӳԼ֮ǰʵİ˳ɵų֮䡣
ҶʵͻƵ𵱳ͨ񾳣˳ɰǧܷӳʵȴˣ״£һ㣬˾
ҶүҸľȥҲ̫Ҹȥ˵ǰЩة˵ҸǴȥѲˮˡ
ῡü˳۵Ļش𣬾̬ȡ
ȻûаնԸҶ棬ǾͽǰҶɻȥֻҪ˿̽ҶɻȥͲˣҶǵѵܹͬʱԸ¼ʮϰˮ壿
ῡҲǱͷʱѾ˾һٹҶɻߣϵʮ򡢲ӦǶʮʮˮ徫񣬾פͲ֮ڶԸһ
㲻֪
ҶĿһۡῡȴͷĸˡ
Ҷĺ⣬¾㾡ĺ֮ˮҲϴˢʱ̧ͷҶпʲô⡣
ῡرóϻ̳ϿҶүСĲ֪Ҹһ㲻Ὣٸҵģة϶֪ġ
ޣة
ҶһʣáῡҲϲةߵˮةľλҲָҶ档
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һῡҲͻȻ両־֮ɫ
ῡķӦҲǼ죬һ˲䣬һգӾĵ˵棬һҪ˯ŵģ
ո˵껰Ҷ棬ȴ͵ضס˽ŲתĿȻ˯صġῡϣϸһЦݡ
Ԫְɡ

аԪո𣬼޵Ŀռ䲨һţʱͷ·һĿռ䡣
˿̣ڵ·˯ȥġῡûκζ
žžž
ҶƵ𣬡ݼĲҶƭ˹ȥͲһ㰡ľͲһ㰡
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Ц䣬һɢſĻ棬ĺ˻˯ڵصġῡ
в£˯ڵصİͻȻ͵ƽʮףҶһǺ͵
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Ӱ῵ıʱһķŭɻ
벻ףҶôƾʶαװ
֣Ҷ۾һУǱ
㽫ӰῸˣ
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ΪҶʶ˰῾һ£û뵽Ҷֻǿ˰῵ĲԾûȷ῾Ǳ
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Χ֮ģҶ涼£ҶµҪǱõ֪ͨ׼ȶߣǿɾͻҶĴˡ
ԣҶǰʹΏ˯ʮµġ
ðΏ˯Ҳ򵥡
ϾҶսֻ꣬Ҫ䣬ͿðΏ˯ȥ
Ҷ߶ҶսԪ鵱еİ῵꣬˶ҲǱҲ赹ˡ
ǣҶĸӦУǰ⡮ῡԪ飬սԪеİ῵꣬ȴûκθӦ
ȻǰİΰѹͲǰῡ
ҶŷŷְȻ˶ᡣ
û뵽һ仰ͱ¶ݡ
Ҷ棬㱱ұѾǩ˺ƽЭ飬Щ꣬ұ޷ûΥЭκһǱұʲô
Ǳ֮𣿡֮£ȻȻѵҶ档
ƽЭ飿
ҶЦ㲻ôΪЭ
ߣˣЭ飬ʵ˺ٵġ
㡭ָҶŭԶţ޳ܣ
ңûʸ񣡡
ҶһĲмɵ߽շҿʼ֮ĺƽЭ˺ˣ
ҪҶԶţǱ޳ܣ
ϣıԡ
졭Ϊ
ȻǽһãҶһЦ˴е⡣
ɱ󾪣ڱ֮УҪɱֱΡ
¡¡
һֻû˵꣬һ̫׾;ֱ£ֱӽʧɫıĵס
̫еԪֱ֮ΪԪ鲻ȵıɵһ˵
Ԫ֮£ʲôҲˡ
ɽһϽɫĽ⣬ֱӽԴưֱɫԪֽ̽ҶͽԪֱץ
ҶЦ𣬡ɱ㣬


2501 
ԪҲ걻ҶɫԪץеɲǣ;ˡ
ûзӦɣѾҶ潫Ԫˡ
ʵж
Ҳ֪Ҷ֮ƺѹûκε͵ĿܣҶֻһ֡
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һ֧СıɫǴзɳӭǡ
ЩҶ˴Щûڱеĺ鱦̲ǡ
ʵ
죬һ̫׵£ֱӺñҽвѡ
Ҫǣ̫רꡢԪ飬ҪֱӺԪϣܼ
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ʮ׳꣬˲Ϣ̱ʮס
ֱ֣ӽˡ
׹⣬£Ҫɢˡ
ɢǿ
ޱԶԣֱ
Ĵֲһɲڱͷֵ쾡¡
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һɲǣ𾪵鷢ˡ
һϢޱȿֲ׵ĺɫ궸شҶڷɳ˶ʵʵһۣһţֱӽĺ鱦̲ˮǸһ¡
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귢һ춯صĲҽ˻ޱȣǾһ£ֱ֮ǰС˼ס
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Ķ˱ΣıͷЩëҶŻڣĲرģ
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˵ˣ˵ʥĸʥѪͻΪצ֮ϰԽԽԣǰղر
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ʲôѡ񣿡뵽ĳЩܵıͷһ˲ЩͷɵȻĶ
ҿһƲлתܲٴͿԼ컯ˡҶ˵
ֻһƲлתһʧΪҶҪԪ飬Ϊūû뵽лת
ʵĳ̶ֳϣֻҪܻţ¾ǱҶԪҲ
֮£·һƲлתҪ򵥵Ķࡣ
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ûʲôǣҶֱӴֱĴ˱ּܵۻۣһҶֱӾʹץһȰƳϺ
ˡ㽻Ĳر⣬ҾͽĲлֻϺ֮УģܻãܲͿ컯ˡҶ˵
ҶֻаƴС΢µϺֱᡣ
⡭ֻܻܲϺҲֻʮԪӣʮԪͲˡ
ʮʱ䣬˵лܸܲգϺСֻܵʳܲٻʮ궼һء
뻻
ҶЦûŪԪֻĺתѾǽˡ
˵ϺҪҪҪٸ㻻㣡˵ţҶϺӳȥ
Ҫ
ˣϺٴ֣Ѫż΢΢ѪͶȥѪһ㡣
Ҫǻ㣬ǿɾıˡ
Ҫ㷢ԣҲлת֮ԲκηʽɱҺң޵
ΪҺ㶼˵ˣܲܽл鸴նһ㸴ˣߡ˵ϣǼã
Ҳ֪Ǻţϣܱûϣá
֪뷢ģټ֡
ãνҶӦĺʹ졣
УһŲƷҵĲл鸽Ų֮ŲƷͳȥ
Ҷ治Ŀһ۱һﻹǲƷҶ溦
˵ʵֻһƲлתıҶ滹ûϣܿҲˬĴӦˡ
Ƭ̺ҶͰԣ׼׵ĿͿ˱꣬ĲرأóɣҪŲ˽ֻҪκβ˽֪ǰ淢µԪģȫʧЧ
ҡóʹµıش˿̶


2502 α֮
ܸܲһָҴһʯ
ּۻۣҶе׹ֻըһըͽæͷãã
СɽһĶͻȻйһǰС
ָıõĻûõģɿҶǰѻɽܿģͽǰˡ
Ҷ治ѽ󲿷õıֱսռ䣬ż˱
Ҫ֪ǰһǧףףߴףΪܹɱǿ㡣
ǣӲرóıΣù⡣
ԽãҶԽԾҲЩʹӺڡ
ӺĲر⣬ղض˺ôҶնɱĹԴرжٱ
ȻҲֻǿϧһ¡
ʵĲرû̫ĺö
Ҷ۹̫ߵԭ򣬱Ĳر󲿷ֶǲƸ
ƷƷƷʯָʯˮϵʯҶһ£ǼֵǧƷʯϡ
֮⣬Ƶ鵤Ʒ鵤ȴǼ٣Ʒ鵤Ϊ
дĲԺ׵ĵرֵ󣬵Ǽܲסడ
ЩȻֵߣĳ̶ֳ϶ԣȴҶġ
˺ʵջٸʱռ䣬Ҷ¶ʱڣ¾ܹһɿһõľ
֮⣬дУָƷ׵ĶС
г׵ĴʽУҲвƵģг׵ĻУҶ涼޷۵ʽҲв٣ҶЦá
ȻҲö
ó˽ϢһĹǡ
ЩǣϢģֱ׷˵ƳԼƣƳɹܣǷ
ҪЩԷħ־ƷǿĹܡ
һʱ䣬Ҷ뵽ͷޱȵĴ䡣
ҪٹзǶһˮƤۼ׵ȵȵģǷֱ׷鱦
ǰóĸˮµĿǡƤ֮࣬Ҷ濴Ҳı
Ȼãûá
ָľӨ͸ıʯˮɺʯƽȹؽ
װ㹬ݻޱȣʵֵȴô
ȻҶжЩ⣬Ҳһʯ
֮⣬ó˺ĸָղƷҶԪ˿Ҳ޷һһֻţԺ
Լ֮󣬱ǽԼĲرıɾˡ
ҶҲ٣Ԫǰ٣ܺˣֻ
ңĲرȻҲڵһ磬ֽԪڣԪκһΣԸѹ޷ֵġ
ҲҶ̸ԭ
ǣԪ飬ôԪڵĽر⣬ͻʱ١
ռֻҪ飬ߵĴκζ˸Ӳռ֮֮⣬καҪһͬɷۡ
˵Ҫǲص˽Ҳûκá
е󷨵Ŀط򣬻ıϽµˮͼˮϸϡҶ˵
˵ʵЩҶĿǰҪġ
̶ˣԼĲرⶼ˳ȥ˵ʲô
һԥͳͳҶ档
ӡҶĿű˵
ɫһ֪࣬ӡͳʹĲл꽫һ鸽תܲ޳Ϳ컯ˡ
ʱ˿̣ΪΪ⣬Ҳûκѡˡ
һһɢźϢıɫӡʹӱĿǱӡˡ
ӡһһҶĴ鱦ʮԪ챦ĿռϸоӡɲǣˮȻĳ鱦ʮԪ챦ĽһΡ
ҶΪ̾
ӡȷʵ
鱦ʮԪ챦Ŀռ£ӰˮȷʵǺö
һɲǣһҧٴξһ£ոշɳӡϳֳıģʧһûκӡ
ȴǱɢȥӡĿƣҶǿг֮£ǵܴ
״Ҷöӡ
ôöӡҶ£ְֶܼˡ
ɾӡֵɲǣҶѾںˮڵһöϹӡͻȻһ£öӡȻӦ
Ҷǲ죬ҲѹΪʲô
ǰб˽ˮļһڣҶ˿Ҳ鷳
һϴδӹԴõϹӡͶطɳΪöӡ֮䣬ͻȻһĪĺӦҶָűʵ
ص˸ԲʧԴȻɱģ
ԣҶһֵӣôϼһ£ҪɱңͱҸɵˣ˳Ϲӡ
Ŀ࣬û뵽ˮ׮ĺ͢ѰҵɱԴ֣ǰ
ԴǿѪĸߵһֻǸӺ
ӰգҲǵΪӺ֮󣬴ĺ͢ġ
ۣѹհ
Ѫ߹ĹԴҶһӾ˳ˡ
ôһҶҲԩ
һˣͻȻͷͨˣ˵Ǹ顣
ԭҶдһʣٳûʱһ룬ͲһйϹӡͳͳһԵȫҶ档
˵öӡںϣ
ںϵӡԽ࣬ƹӰˮԽࣿ
ܾԽǿ
ˮӡҲǴӡзȥģҶɻ
û
˵ͷһƪֻѪеںϡֻϹӡطǰǱʩչЧ
꣬ԡ˵䣬ʹʹĸҶһ
ҶһۣڼصĿںӡط治֪û
¾Щ죬ôתһͻȻˣ
ҶޱȣһƲлתССϺڣ˵û˱˵ʳ
ҶܷһɹΣĿܡҶϿҵ˵
Ҷȴˡ
ҶˣľǱĽּۻۣҲϲñ˵ĺôǷ顣
űʹĽϹӡĿںطȴҶһ˺ôĸо
ʱܾȴ
һ˼⣬Ҷ⣬һһīɫСݾͶشҶָȻһСԸĽС
СһϺβһĨɫϺβ֮С
˲ݣעľԸһ㣬ΣҲһΡ
лҶȫлҶȫʱͷĸСһ
αյĻᣬȻ࣬ȴ㹻ˡ
αյĻ޷飬ת֮;ѹ߲˶Զ
ˣתȥɡ
Ȼոո˺ôҶֵȴ˿Ҷľؿ£ֱӽųɾŵԪޡ
׳֮ıԪ顢Ҳ꣬Ҳɢеļȫʧֻһδ꣬һմĸ̥ĺӵһ
ָᵯĲлͱϺڣϺǵܴ꣬𵴣ֱӱɢ
Ϻڻ״̬£Ҷ˺˱µһŲƷеϺʧ


2503 Ȯ֮
֪ǺδããУһֻϺãȻޱȴܺĺ򣬾û˯һ
ͻȻ䣬һϢֻϺֻϺûзӦ֮ǰסϺһԿȥΪ˵ǯֻ˶Ϻʧȥǿ
󣬺˶ͶųͲȵľ޴ʼϺԴһСڽȥ
˶Ͳͣ䶯ţÿһε䶯ܽϺ̽һ֡
˿Ϻ·˯һûκη˼
ۿţԴȻ˽ȥͿҪ̵Ϻĸˡ
һ̵ĸǶڵĶҺͿԺ谭עϺڡ
ʱֻɵɵϺˡ
ԺдһĻҶҲˡ
û뵽һƲлոתҪܵΣգҲǱҡ
󺣣ͨĺԣҶлҪΣʮ
ޱαᣬû뵽˷һΡ
ͨСҶѾԼԼӦϺҲСѾˣ߶ҧϺڵʱ򣬾Сֱʱ
ԴȱֻϺ˯һ㣬ؾҵ
ҵӴ˺̵ֻϺѶȣǯԴ߿ˣϺƺЩͼ޹
ʶ˾Ϻ˵Ϻһ͸˲һĺɫ
飡
һҶѵ𣬾Ȼһǯ֮£˺߶Ĳƿơ
һֻǯ͵Ϻ·һ׼̽£ͽ߸˼ء
ûϢһǯͽ߼ϡãֻϺҲǽٺһ̵ʱһ꺣ɺߡ
ߵѪζ˳źˮɢ˺ɺϺߡ
ϺĿȻһ£ƺᵽĳϤζ
Ϣ֮ϺεѾĺߣǯһҷͽߵԽߵ˸ɾֳһغϰһߡ
һֱͨС۲һĻҶ棬Ŀɿڴ
лתϺȻ
һתϰԶıˡ
Ҫ֪ϺһֻССϺҪʳʲôߵԽѪʳȵȡ
ֻϺȻľٶ
Ҫ˵ǱǲлӰ죬ѹܡ
͸СķҶԸӦǲѪʳֻ֮ϺǣȻ׳˼
״ˣδ鸴յĿܣеģҪҪҳ֣ҸŪСҶԺ
ã
Ҷشĺܿ϶
ҶҪŪͲᷢԪˡ
Ҷ淢Ԫģ֤ºűתл֣õĲر֮⣬ʵҲҶġ
뿴ĲлתһֻϺ֮󣬵׻Ρ
ָоҶһֻѪĽһҶ뿴պ󵽵ܻܲ
պܹվҶùţҶס
תֻϺˡ
СķúõĻʹα֮ķϺڳ˯ɡ
ҪʲôֻҪ֪ʱ򣬸λþͺáҶ潻
״˷İɡ
СķҶķһ
Сķһ·֦һ뿪֮󣬾ͻ᲻ϵıµܱ֤뱾֮ϵ
ȻҲԼѿһڷʶľ֮ͻ᳤һͨͨСûκιϵҶд˽
ͻȻ䣬ҶҲЩڴֻ߼ʮϰֻлϺʲôӣ
˻һ㣬ٴ鸴ա̤һ;
ˡ
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪҶԺͬʱģһ档
һٷձ˹Ĵš
ةǰĽУҶȻϳ˴ˡ

һ۹ڰ῵ʬ壬Ҷֲһ󣬲û񡣡
ŹŶҶȻû˱׼ȷӦ˵ǰ῵ģ
ة˺°
ةæΰݣ£ӵ˱ˮҾ󶼶Уľ
ҪǱҪʮռˮͬʱ׼ð˰ˮ֮Ȼȴ
꣬ة;ĵȴűĻӦǶǰıȴ
ة졣
ӣӦöݾƿڴ
ǰ˰ˮµľֱٰ
µĽǧĳñһеأ
ֻǱûڣةҲ˵
Դӷ֮ǰǼ֮ǰλԽԽźˡ
ǶȺ룬ةﶼ뿪ˡ
ϣҶűةͷȻӿͷ
ةơῡΪ£ôȻة֪ӵˡ
£ةôҶطʡ
û˼⣬ةֻʶĻش𣬡£ˮ󶼶УľȻȴбµķְλڱ֮ϣЮ
ϳģ£ˡ
ʱЩʧֻҪƿⷽˮò˶ãܻˡ
˵£ǻʮλˮЩ飬ȥͺá
ţ˼·ʱƣȷʵһλϸıة࣡
Ҷ̾ةͻȻ
ȫһıд˿̲ŷֵޓȻͬϢةӲĽѿڶġ㲻Ǳ¡仰̻
л¿佱Ȼ¾ˣϳȥ·ˡһةҲνıӦֱȥ
ةôż߸ʲôûӡǩȥ𣿡ҶЦ
˵ةʱһŬļһ˿ӲЦݣϳȷʵˣⶼˣ򡭡
ͻȻ䣬תةϸС۾͵ص˸ԲȴҶԪ鰢ֱӳȥ˻¶˴ݡ
ڵصİ῵ҶǰıӡԼһɫʿҶ档
Ϊة࣬ʮǰñҰܵıҶ棬伫Ϊ̡
˿̿Ҷ棬ٿȻȥıʬ壬ة˺üϢеĻȥżһޱѿЦݣҶү
ҲˣӵıȻնɱӡҲ䵽ƱΪã֪ϳةкԽңҶЦеĿŹ˵
һΣֻһϢοЦųҶ¹µҶүҹãôԸΪҶүȮ֮ͣ


2504 
ةʶʱҶϲ
ȻʶʱıةȻԸҲˬޱȵķſԼԪ飬ҶսԪ顣
Ϊˮ֮ΪٵĹ壬ͨĹԪǧ궼ɾϹˡ
ΪôҲ֪˶꣬Ϊſ̤˽أսҲڽڵе֡
ⲻ֪ջ˾Ȼ֪еԪ飬Ҳǳٵһô
ֻ˲֪֣ʱƣҲʶʱ񣬵Ҳϼ޻
ԣҶҪǲսԪ飬治ġ
һҶսԪ飬ةʵˣʵʵĽıˮԪ˧ڿˡ
ԭҶΪˮԪ˧սˮɵ飬ϾˮԪ˧磬ҲǽصΪû뵽ǳһ⡣
ҶǱˮԪ˧硣ةһļΪˮ߽
һ⻰ˮԪ˧ɫһ䣬ة࣬ʲô˼ʲôҶ
ҶȻңҶЦеиӦ£ǷɣˮԪ˧͵ǰţҲεıݹҶ棡
һҶ֣ˮԪ˧͵شһ¡
֣̫Ϥˡ
ΪǰΣҶ
ǰˮԪ˧ǰҶõ̫῱ûˡ
Ȼ󣬲λ
ͷһɲǸڱˮԪ˧ͷһ˲䣬˾ӣ
뱱ͷҶˣδ֪ӳΪҪ
һ˲䣬תӡ
ҶȴЦˣǺǣһصˮǰߣ˵䣬Ҷ־һ׹硣
Ȼ׹ҶȴӲĴס˻ͷΡֶû˵Ӳı̻˶
͵Ҷ棬磬Ȼˡ
Ҷһ⣬Ҳûк磬ٶȣȻҶ׹ٶȻҪ졣
Ҷǵ˰
ϣˮԪ˧磬һʵһ㣬ȴ츳쾡¡ة̵
ѵ츳ٶ𣿡
ûٶȣ⻹֮ڣںˮУٶֻ졣
ҶĿࡣ
ϣɲˮԪ˧ˣҪˣҪ˳ĽƱɾ鷳ˡةٴ̵Ҷ档
Ϊʲô˵Ҷ޺޵Ķһة˲Ϣͱ˼Ĭ
Ҷұ֤ةûǹġ
ϼһȻϼ޻սԪ飬ҲСʹá
ߣˣԪȥ
Ҷةϻʱ䣬ҲûţҲš
ͳĿ֮ڣ˲ϢڵһУ͸ҶԺС
һδ߶ĿҶ滹Щɬڼ̵ʱ䷢ˮԪ˧ڡ
ʱոռܵڴ׼뿪
Ҷ˼ٶȣȥҲ׷ϲʩչ˴С
鱦ʮԪԪ챦鰢Ԫ֡
˲Ϣ䣬ԪĿռƾ͸
ֻסһصˮѣֻҪһռϾͿɣ԰Ԫʩչļ졣
ո뿪ŵˮԪ˧磬֪ͨعĻһε䣬뿪Ӫ
ֻҪصˮӪļ֡
飡
һ˲佫ٶᵽµԴ͵ؾʹǰײһ˲ϢӺˮеͷѪģͬʱ˫Ĥһͻ˹ȥ
ҲҿռżֵԣҪȻλˮԪ˧磬ڿռײĵһˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ҶĵҲ˰Ԫһ
ô˰Ԫ
һٶʵе죬ٶٲһ㣬ܹͻֲµĿռϡ
ţ
ҶҲǾ֣һ۵ͨˮȻܹͻưԪµĿռϣ
תһ룬ҶҲˡ
κһﵽ֮󣬿ܾǵ
νһʮˣ֮еΨ첻ƣҲˡ
ٶȣǴﵽһ˵ĳ̶ȡ
Ϣ֮󣬵ԴѪģıˮԪ˧类ൽҶǰʱةһ²ӡ
Ȼ̽ɹˡ
̽ǰλҶ浽жͨ
ȻҶͨеĻҪ
̹ǵˮ磬û仰ҲˣԹԵķſꡣ
壬ûνڡ
ʱΪ˻嶼ԹԵķſ꣬ԺΣȻ˵
Ԫ˧ٶȲҶȤϡ
лСʰɱҶ棬λˮԪ˧ʱǫʡ
ҶȻô츳ͨ㾹Ȼֻ
ǻʲôһãȻֻ츳̸ͨҲһ㲻
磬ѹ֪Լ츳֮ٶȣ죬һڣ˻ûзӦͿ԰˵ʺ
Ҷʾһ£һĴͷɥԹԸͨ˺ˮԡ
ԸܶгɵߣǽΪҵ͵ˮǵĻ׻߻ͨˮۼףͿɵסҵĴɱ
һдɱɣһСģҪǸɵԣá
һѼϬרƼ׵ʱ˵ͬߣǵҲסһǴɱҶ˵
ԣӵɥ˾еһεон׵ˮ̣͵ġ
ԣҶ۾һİɣ°ˡ
Ҷŵֻ۾һҲûķϣĵŵöˡ
¸£ҪΪЧٲõýΪһ£ŵˮѪӦÿڶʱΪȵһ¡
лʹ͡ʹͣûй⣬ȸһƣֶΣЩöˡ
ԺԴ˧ƺҰɡҶ潻һ䣬ڲⵤҩʱ徲֮أֵҩֱˮѪʯƵģˮ幦Ч첻˵ҩҲԵ
һɲǣة۾ͬʱ˸ԲˮѪʯ
Ҷ˵ͷ
Ϊˮ壬ܲĹЧˮ֮Уĺ͢Ļ¡
л˧°л˧ʹͣһΣϲüһɨǰıսԪǷϡ
һԵةȴ۰Ͱ͵ĿҶ棬ϣҶҲʹһݣҶ氵Ц
϶ſΣʱҶġ
ة࣬ȥˮ·ɣ߰ɡҶͷҪǰˣٲʹ͡
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ǰλı˵Ƕôµ꣬ÿ졣
һ£ҲǰҶϵӣȻԺӦô̷Ҷˡ
סڵˣǱֻǱǰ̫Ӱΰ𣿡Ҷֿ⽻һ䡣
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绶ϲطٴةű뿪ڱγһصķ羰ߡ
Ҷ棬ȴĿͶ֮ǰɱıʬ壬Ҳ̫Ӱ῵
ʱ¡
֮ʱ


2505 
һ󣬱ڣҶٴټة
һټةıȴǱ̫Ӱῡ
׼ȷ˵ҶԱ˱ݣټة
ȻļأҲ޷֮¡
˶֪ôЩڱ֮УҲͲʲôˡ
˰Լǰ߶ǼϤˣǺѷְ߼һ˿΢ɲĽӲġ
ùΪԾһԵҶ棬ǽ̫Ƴ˷
û
ӴԺⰽ῾֮ǰıҲǱˡҶ˵ĺֱӡ
ôͳں˰̫ӵʵϳԾһʱ䣬Ӧ̫ӵŸ԰̫ӵĿˡ
̾һ䣬ȴ¶һ˿ɫһ㻹õġ
ϢϢޓ죬ð̫Ϣͨˮ廹ãǰıˮ󶼶һڽ٣¼ѡ
˵ʹѾ͸ĳЩ飬͸ҲֻǴ֣ϸڻûס
ԣҶٺһЦͻȻŹһֵةꡣ
һԼ׵ĺɫ꣬شӰԺɳӡͷתţǺƴϢֱùһĸо
⡭￴ŰͻȻðĺɫ꣬һ±ơ
һһԼ׵꣬ڹߣֱӽһ
ϡѵҲ壿³׵ˡ
ϢϢǿ̫ˡ
ǣҲǣ
ҶЦеĿŹˮջڣһȴǸϸϸܵĴϢĺɫۼףٴùãˡ
ǰλҶۣ꣬ȴ⡭
ҵǲ壬Ժ׵ģܡ
Ҷةһ룬Ҷ롣
ҲҶΪ֮
УΪ˳׵λةΪԼʹĸԸΪԼ¡
ةжǿ󣬶ĽɫҪ
ԭҲܼ򵥣ҶıУǶԸˮļƻУλةı֣ҶļƻɰżҪá
Ҫ֪ˮ塢ˮеĸ֣Ԫƾãˮ֮йһ临ӵĹϵ
Ҫλˮ󶼶Уִ̷֣ĸ߲㣬ʶǣܲɣ
ԣҶ͸ˮһֶΡ
еˮ壬׷һλ壬һĪĿȻ˵Ǳԡ
ҶŻһ
ˮľôˣٴοڡ
ҶڽһлԼķɫ
£ˮѽӵҶӦǰ
һ£ϳҪѱ¡Ҳܿ˽ɫ
ة뽲
£µʥˮˮشˮˮЩ귢չѸ٣̰Ӱ䵽ܱˮʵͼ
ϳµ鱨ˮˮʵѾﵽڣ鱨ˮˮȻͻƵ˵һצ
Ĺأצʸˣĺ͢Ҳ棬ʱ򣬴Ƽûѡة˵
Ҷ漫Ϊ档
ʥͻƵΪצһ£һֱϸ֮Уةô֪ģ
Ҷѯ֮£ةŵ£ϳһԪƾãڶ࣬ˮ彻Ҳ
ϳɳأѪһЩԴУˮ嵱ΪĿˮڡıײߵˮ塣
һΪսһ㣬ѹвˮλãĵǵΣϳֻԼãԡ
ôһ˵Ҷƺˮ֮Увٹڴ
ʥˮУһξĵþʥΡ
һˣҶͳһ亹
Ұ
ʥΪЩ޷죬û뵽䵽ע⵱С
ҿշҪɱǾ͵ͱѣˮ鱨¾ͻɢ˷
鱨ϵͳҶ治ɫĳ̾鱨ϵͳҲһպϴ֮ʱҲи׼
ϳ
ҶԸҲҪة鱨ϵͳɵҪʥЩĵĶԲܴ⡣
ʥˮصͨ½ϹŲ
ţֲˮѪˡ
ة˾ľĳ̶ֳϣҲΪҶʹ͡
˵񵤣ˮѪȴѪдһ˿徫Ѫպ˵кô
дʹͣȻǧл
ҶȴǲóٿˮѪڹǰһζֻҪúΪҰ£ʹٲġ
⣬ǣֻҪúð£˵㣬ﶼкôá
һĻٴοة
ֶˮһһŶϡˮѪҶﾹȻôࡣ
ǷŶ̫Ѫγɰ
һĻҶ֪ļƻˡ
ة֪˶ϹһĿƻʹͣģǲܡ
Զĺôջ߲£ʵʵΪԸ¡
ˣǶˣһеİţҶ涼ͨةｻȥ
͵ȴµˮ󶼶ˮִˡ
ȻСҶةڱֲã
ֶΣʱ򻹵ÿҶԼ
ˮִٻаʱ䣬ʱ䣬ҶҲ˷ˡ
һ۰Լĺˮ꣬ҶͶһԪȥԭصף
ڵ꣬ҶӺˮзֻһ꣬굱УҶԼһԪ飬ơ
ֻĺˮ긽밽ڣֱҶǰֱӴɢıһϢʱռһ졣
ڼ̵ʱڳں˰῵ة
ֻһ֮󣬺ˮµڵ꣬ЩС
ȻȻģҶ뵽ԭѹܹ˵ĺĺ˵
ߵ̫ԼҶûκεϰ
鱦ʮԪ챦ڣ֮Ҷ糬ǧϢĳԭµĺĺ˵С
ϢһſսѪɳ̫ϢͳҶڡ
ҶڵĺˮҶһķڵ꣬ۿɼٶ׳
ʱУµʮˮˮᵽ˱ܱߡ
һµԱˮ󶼶Уľִԭºĺ˵Ҷǰһö򣬶顣


2506 
£ӵˮ󶼶Уұ׼ôݣʹˡ
ͬʱ¶ұɳѼذ飬мɴݾߡ
ةＱ˵ļΪϸһ
Ҷǳ⣬˴򽻵ףԣةǴˡ
Ѿˮ󶼶УľҶĿǰݹϣƲҶһЩ뷨
һͨˮƵ뷨
ɼͦվҶߡ
ȻǹҶж֮飬Ҷֶθ
ҪȻҶĹƣܻڵһʱܡ
ϾةĹӹĿǰҲҶĿ֮£ɲϡ
ⲢҶɡ
¹ڳǧ£Ҷһ㶼Ҵ⡣
ұʹˣúð
Ҷ˼ʱͻתۼͿʼЩµľµԼļƻ
ӲĳʽҲҶñķ֮һ
ûãҶһεļƻҵøϽȥˡ
ɲǣҶ̾ĺˮ꣬طһĶǵҶܱߵ̫Ϣ׷ŭХ
һ汾־̫Ϣ׷۳ΣҶĺˮ꣬ȴҶĺˮһɢˡ
ʱҶĺˮ꣬Ȼף֮ǰ׳һࡣ
ң⻹ĿǰҶˮ׳ޡ
ҶΪͻƵ֮ߴɵ񷶥ӡѹҶĺˮǿȳɱɱɺƿظǿ
ҶĺˮȻȫǰһɵ̫Ϣ
ҶƣҪʱ䣬ĺˮ׳׳ûκ⡣
һϥİΰڵĺˮ겻ʮ׵ĳȶѡ
֮ǰı׳󣬵Ȳ̫
̫Ϣֱ׳ʵɱȱҪǿࡣ
ԣ῵ʵȻġ
ңΪҪǣΪҶĺˮѾͻƵ˵ԭ򣬼ҶĺˮˮʵİῷȻûе֮
ΪֱӾͿ˵޴ż
Ŀǰ῵ʵȻﵽ˵ڣкˮ֮£ս¸ǿ
ԪذɡʩչС뿪ĺ˵֮Ҷһȣǰ⻪ãûãҶξͳڱ֮С
ȴҶ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫڱ֮УһռŲλꡣ
ٴνӵҶټ֮ةһȻǺʱģ
ӵУľ֮ͽѲߵˮһ¹֪ͨ
û뵽Ҷ澹ȻϢٴγ˱ڣʵùһ
׼ôˣҶѯʵ
£ʮλˮȻִһһʮˮ񣬼ұˮȻˮ
ھĿǰѾＯ֮֮һϳѾˮˮԪ˧¾ǰȥɱѪ⡣
ʱ䣬Ӧܹ˵
Уνʹˣ׼ΣҶٴʵ
ԥһ£ϳ֪´ôŻ˵ôһεͣԻû׼Ȼ뵽ˣҶпͨһε͸顣
һεͣͰ߹ȥ׼ȱĶȥл߸ĺɹ
Խͷֳ֣ߵһˣи߼ͣԼͨʿ͡
סһεͷΧҪﵽұӴ̶ȣüԽұĳЩһ¼򵥵Ŀռ۵Ҷ浭ķԸ
ةȴ¶ֹ֮ɫ
ʲôֱ˵Ҳ֮Ҷ˵
£ϳԼµó뷨һôɾͽƵ˱Լĺ͢Ķ档
ʱ򣬱ɾͳˮͽʱǱĺ͢ɶҪˮɱİ
֪²ںˮǱܱڳˮ塭ةһĵġ
ԣҶȴЦةǾһ
ĬȻȻĬҶ뷨
ة࣬ҿԿ϶ĸ㣬Ѿҵĵ̣͸ҵıһǵвġ
ԣ㵣ĵǾԲֵġ
棿һϲɫ
棬ҾԲὫƵĺ͢Ķ棬ةĿԴƾͺáҶ˵
ȻõҶĵŵﻹģʵ벻ͨҶʲôƣܹڿ˱ڱˮ£ŭǣ


2507 ֮
󣬱ǧˮ򴦣Զƽ޲棬ͻȻˮ
ǰһ̻СһĴ󺣣һ̾ͱŭı
˳ԾģȴǺ׵Ρ
һӶװĸɫˮںųĶ飬沨С
˳Ű῵Ŀ⿴ȥҶ棬Ǽ˴Ҳǵһ
ˮ壬µųһһ㣬˼Уˮ֮˷ϺΪ֮ա
ҶӡֱӸӦ׷ԲңˮɿͷҪ˰ǵɶôֲĺ
ҶľУҶԵıةˮԪ˧磬ѾޱȵĴ˱Ų˷š
ûʱһԲˮִżְǰҴ󶼶ةࡢˮԪ˧
ҶʹŹˮĴ£ǰ
ʱҶյµĸ¾ʱֳˡ
˶֪ĿǰҶķҪɱĺ͢뱱顣
ةˣĲţŹ경ڰһС΢ģ
磬Ȼ򾲣ǸҶʱζЩ޹һ
ȻǷǳĽš
ҵȥμνĴ·ˮҲ룬ˣЩˮμҴ󶼶ʱӵĶأѹʲôֻδֿ˱һۡ
һ˷ٵ̤ˮҶеģȴһҾ޴˱׽ӵħ徫Ҷͫ׶һ
Ȼħĺ͢Ȼһ
ңĺ͢滹Ϊħ纣ڲ٣ҶɳȥѲ񽫣ܹҵõż
һҺޱȵ콢ϣҶ˱ˮ󶼶Уΰ֮ȴУָ£ΰһλаĵ塣
УĽ˵ⰽģĺ͢ɳѲʹ֮£Կնࡣ
ܣҶͷһͻģĺ͢Ĵ
ĺ͢һβսˣҶеĻҪӡ
ۣ·ľɣУһʱ俪ڡ
ش󶼶󶼶·ľѾɣµľѾϣҲ׼׵͵󶼶̫Ӽ١ҲҶӦɡ
𰸣Уĵ˵ͷȻˡ
󶼶
һһƾߣͻȻҴ󶼶У֣ĿɭĶҶ󶼶¼ǵãЩǰг֮ʱȫǰģ
֮ԺűۣΪԭһȫʱɫ㿴ǰ˾·ɫޱɫѹͲǱ
£ǱةΪ˼ַةҶ
һǰ֮ɫҴ󶼶Уȴش󵨣Ȼðˮˣ¡
ȻԤϵ˿ܻһĻ׼Ӧ֮ʱҶ滹ЩΡ
Ϊùȥ
Ϊ˴ƣҶʱһֺη
һʱ䣬ҶͨҴ󶼶УȥͬʱʳԼӡ󶼶ȷʵֻۣΪαģȴΪʧֻ긽
һԵİ¶֮ɫһȻĶ㲻Ҳա
Ҷһ㣬ⰽĿ̫尡һҪǵ֮λ
ңθҶԤľ籾ȫԡ
ҶҲмǣ̫ӣ´󶼶ұʧȥ֪ռˡ
ǻ밽̫´󶼶μһιԱжұѪ֮ٴңʱұ۾κԹԣ
̫´󶼶Ҽ͵Ϊ˵ȵһ죬նɱǱݹҶ汨Ѫޣ밽̫Ӻ´󶼶ҼһѪ޵Ļᡣ
ةڹؼʱ̣ҶһҶ澪ϲ֮࣬һ
ȻѪ˵˰ĵעô˵ǱǸҶٵġ
ǱǸҶٵ㵹Ҳԩ
˵䣬ĿһˮĻħ̫£ħ̫һַΡ
£Ҷةｫ뱱ս£Щŵ˵һͨ˵ı뱱Ǵս˫ŲѪ
״ıة࣬ŻȥűҲ῵Ŀ⣬ɻ֮ɫ
Ȼڰл֮ɫ
ȥ͵פڱܱߣ찴Ʒߵͣ뱾פ
Զ·Ͷ٣֮пΡҴ󶼶У´˾
󶼶ȻˣϳӪӪѲһͨ˵ȻСġ
Уԥһ£һĤΰͬ
һȣ˴ʱ»ת
ش󶼶һұˮ嶼֪һ¡䡭˵ţУ밽ĸһԣУͬʱü῵ĿУ֮ɫ
Ҷ֮࣬չ֧ˮǺƺƵĿ˱
Ҷͷһʯͷˡ
ֻҪǽҶļƻǳɹһˡ


2508 ƴ
ˮݸߵͿʼפȻҴ󶼶УӹܣеڣةŵҲӹܡ
Ĵܼңˡ
ת֮Ҷ﷢˴Լϰپʬ壬ȫǱеıˮ塣
ģŮģˮģһģǱѻ
ӦǸةֶΡ
ԣ˶ޱȡ
Žѻ֮ȷ˱һ£ûҶ涯֡
ҶҲѣҿļƻ֮ǰ׼ûжˡ
ڵĽȺռĹ㣬ԼʮԼʮԭڲֻмпռ۵󷨡
⼸˽һ£ʱִ֮£ªĿռ۵󷨣ǽڿռ۵ѡ
֮ĿǰıʵһԼʮԼʮĴ͹Ⱥ
Ҳҿˮ壬ǻȥģҪһԳ壬ѹɲ˶á
ˮһԶΪࡣ
ˮ󶼶У򱾲񣬴ӱͣĸ·֮ãŵִ
ȻˮҲһƣޱȣҪϢ
ȻϢ֮ǰһͨͺٲ˵ġ
ռޣˮٷ֮嶼ûС
ԭȱĴȺʱѾѲʹ̫ӡˮ󶼶УةԼĳǧɽУеĸ߼죬Լħ̫ռˡ
˾ռ˱֮һĵ̡
ʣµ֮һ̣϶ʾˮ졢µˮռ졣
ģҴ󽫾Уߴ˵Լһֻǧ˵ħ̫µһŽ
ȫǰԶλߵġ
˱ֵˮ죬еˮ죬ȫ˱֮ڡ
;ۣҸĵطϢ
ǽʱڵŮūԼʱλͷıˮӣȫæµ
ˮѪʳϲʵѪʳ
֮⣬ˮΪԽߣҲ忿ϲʳʳ
ֻЩΪǸտ¶ˮϲѪˡ
ĴȫǾˮνľ񣬾ΪﵽϵģͳΪ񣬴ϲʳ
סڱĴûʸʳģпڳԵĺȵľͲˡ
ǿʼϢʱ򣬱ˮͿʼ飬ַʳ;ˮ
ģҶ氲ŵʥˮˮشˮˮ䵱һģԴˣλةûв֡
ǣڵĳȴȫԼˣеʳģҪԭ׿ڳ֮󣬲Ż¹Сޱȡ
ڲ٣ⲿζʳѾʼˮ۵
ǰ̫ӻˮҴ󶼶Уħ̫£ħ̫ߵ֪ħʦȨʼ̻ʡ
оʱΪ߼ͳ˧Ҫúܶ࣬Ͼо;УѼƽʱ
ڱ׼֣ǸһةҲǿڴ
ûãҲˡ
ӵϲɹƣѾñ˳ˡ
һˮ߲ȵĺǿġ
ûãһˮȻûо㷹ѾԵ߰˰ˡ
νů˼һˮħ彫׷׾ߺ
ʱةˮҴ󶼶У񸽶һ䣬ǵУʱɫһһӾͳ׵İῺ
ۣ׼ǧŮΪһ㾹ȻӱĽ
һʣҶٴΰ̾һΪ˴ƣٹһΡ
󶼶ˡʵڲСоûа취СȻ֪󶼶еĿģҶıȻܱǨƣһС´ϰ°ӣǸҶ棬˴󶼶Ĵ¡
Сʵǡ
¶һ߲֮ɫСʵǶǸҶ棡
˵ӲĽԼ촽ҧһѪ󶼶밽̫ӣ
С⸽ҵĶӣҵӰ껹õǨհ῰
Ҷݼ˿ҲǸܸܵģȫˡ
Уȴ⣬ǰȻϢԲŷıӱۣԼĶӣöôݶ޳ܣ
Ҷһͨ˵ȴɹ˱۵
߷棬ּ١
Ҷ͵Ϯӻأ޷ƹռҶ棬һŭ֮¾ͽĶӰŪĻɢҶս˰һ£Ҳ¶ˡ
ʹ֮£Ϊ˱𣬱ŸȻĶӰ῵
ⷬ˵ǣɹ˱УĵеӰ֡
˵ţͷأСΨֻһԸ󶼶밽̫һѪսֻҪܹնɱǸҶ棬Ѫϴ˱ұԸģԸΪ󶼶밽̫֮ūЧ
ⷬ˵ã῵궼󣬿У밽ĵһһġ
ȻӺĺ͢еλߣܹõһӺЧңǶԣҲǲɶ֮¡
ֻ֮ͥ£ñΪūȥӰ첻̫ãҲʡ
Уֹ˰ῡ
û뵽Ҷ澹ȻΪˮ֮ң۷ģб󶼶һնɱⲣΪӱѪޡ
£Ǵ£ٴαֻ̬ҪܱԸͿԱ
״֮ǰҶةҲ˵ͷ
ռ鱨Ҳϳ
һݣɹĽҲ̫ҶĶ档
ֻҪҶļƻɹˮǻɱĿԣ΢΢ġ
󶼶̫ӣСȻû°ӵŮȴԤ˰ŮǧЩŮˋCԼˣоˣԸô˻׸󶼶밽̫ӡῳû˵
ԣһˮ춼ЦˣûŮˮİŮҲ
ûʱϰλˮ䳤ȹİŮͽ˴ˮת䣬΢ת紦
֮Ĵϵ㣬ЩŮŨרе֬ζһưЩˮ۾һʼ췢Բ
ҲڴʱûκעѬ¯֮УһŲҶϢĿή¶߰ĺɫԹ顣
ҶЩˮ׼Ĵ
¯Ѭ£ЩҩɿĻɱɢ¯
ЩŮУž㡢ŨŨ֬ζɢ˴˷
ͬһʱ䣬ͬһĻЩи߼ԼĴݡ
ֻЩи߼졢ˮĴ˸࣬ѹûȨĴء
Ὼ͵õ´ةϢҩЧһɲǡ
Ҳڴʱһֱħ̫ߵ֪ħʦȨͻȻüͷһ壬̫ͣӵ£ζԾס
̵һ죬һ鶸شѲʹԺɳһƬâŻס˲Ϣ䣬ɫ䡣


2509 а
⣬ڱڿʼϸʳƵͬʱʥˮˮشˮˮˮҲʼѪʳ;ˮ˳ָˮˮӪء
Ҫͬʱַ˰ǵ׼ʳǺġ
һڵĿһƿˮһһ޴공ǰһӪ
յӪſڣͱһˮסˣλн͵ľʥĶʱͻһЦ
ʳˮأҪʲô
飡Ҫһǵ͵ʳ;ˮֱߵ공ǰԭȳʳǿǻѪˮʳ͵θڣĿһ̳ơ
ͷ͹һڣ޵˳ģʲôƣôᣬʲôζֱȴ׻ҪѺȣ
Ǳ
û꣬ǽ;Цĵһ̳Сƣ֣˰õƣǲǱҲղ
ⲻΪ˾ɾҼֻܲɹ˵ľˮ˵߶ҵˮɶġ
һҲǣˮЩһʳҪþƣǼֱˣˮҲ
ֽӹһ̳ƣǷˣ˼
һ飬͵񶸵ؾͱϬһٶȣȽˮȥ
һ̳̳ϵƣʼٵķ͵˷ľӪ֮С
ͬһɲǣҲ˾䡣
жСжǿ齫ԼŻסɲǣĺ͢ѲʹͻȻ
飬а飬ֶءаطУһĺ鱦
ǳı࣬ĺ͢İôԵĻ汦⡣
ⰽĵķӦ죬аסɲǣһͽаչ£ܱߵҪͳͳסˡ
ǣȴҶ滹Ҷ˿̵ķῡ
Ҷѹû뵽ⰾľȻĻ챦
Ҵ󶼶УҲǲȻŭ͵һ߷ǰİŭ˫ĤŰῷŭ
ۣ㾹ȻˮͽһҪƤ꣡
ҶӦǼǿġ
ʱװһֵ飬󶼶ҾԲˮͽة
ȻҶῺûŵġ
ԣǰ῿ڷֱɲǣͽݻˮеҶ棬һͷųδõ
һѪӽڣӦ֮£ںʼħһƾѪһֱռ仺ںţϢҲĴı仯
ԭǺҶ־Ļħħħɡ
һں֮󣬱仯ģֻ
ֻУħֻȻ˽ɫӣȴѪɫ
һۿȥБѪɫ
仯ֻЩڶʵľӰ죬Ҷȴǲ֪
𣡡
ֵɲǣͷһֱ
جγ
ħеطجγ
һΧԵط
ڳ˵ԺУǱ˺һֱԼԹҿ·ӰԸԺгһ
جγطս϶ԵзʿޣԴݻٵзʿʿǷ͡
˿ֻ̣һã
ܵجγĵˣܵĴ̻£ں
Ҷ׼ĴȼյԹ飬׷ɲǱʱͱ⡣
Ҷ澪ϲķ֣جγЧǳǿԭجγַΧĵͼطֻԽ֮µǿЧ
ڣǽǵƺҲӰ죬ܴ̼֮£׷ױܵһһڵĺ
Ҷ棬ҶСҶ棬Ҷħ̫·ŭ
ͬһɲǣߵɫӰţĺˮ󶼶У
νҶǴȸɵˮ󶼶У˵
ˮǳð졣
ܵϬޱȵɱѲʹһָᵯÿһᵯһ۵ննҶӰΪ֮һ
ͬʱħ̫֪ħʦȨǰҶ棬ȻˣͲҪˣ
ճĺɫ⻪֪ħʦȨ˲ϢҶͻһޱȡ
Ҳڴʱһڱа鱦⻤סˮħ֣׷ŭҶ֡
ΣҶһ
Ҳ˲նɱˮ󶼶УջڵɲǣҶ˾ƾʧ
죬գˣˮ󶼶У
ǣУĺ֮£ȴûмж
һȫаı⻪֮ڣĿ⿴Ŵڵһз׷¶˼ȵ֮ɫ
⡭ôˣЩˣȫ𣿡
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һɲǣ뵽ĳֿܵİġħ̫¡֪ħʦȨϵѪɫڵһ˲ʾ


2510 ö
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ܹǾɥ涾ԵҲãа̹סةУ𾪣
Щȫˣûнⶾ֮ˮ󶼶У۹⿴Ѳذġ
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ȴҪ뿪ǸҶ˶ƣ϶ᵥǶԸǣ϶ӦĶԸߵĴ
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⡭ˮ󶼶УЩΪѣȴޱȵҪȷͱҪһȥ飡
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Ȼ鱦µĿռ


2512 һ֧
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2513 صĴ
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˲ϢͱɵʣµҲֻʱɡ
ҶֶΣ
⵽ش֪ħʦȨȻףǻǵ͹Ҷ棬ĵ͹Ҷ档
ȻҲǲǣǰҶĳɳٶ̫̬
ɳٶȣֱ޷
ͬһɲǣһͣµ̫ҶӰͺħ̫¡
ħ̫׼ҶĿħһǿս֮£һ֮£ħ̫ɷһƺߣѪ
ҲڴʱһҶµЩֵֹϸɵͬһʱ䣬ʣµһپʮħսѪսʿĳΧ£ڴﵽ˺ۻЧӦħսִսĵһ
֪ħʦȨͷһֹǵ͹Ҷ档
ѹͲǵ͹Ǵ
֪ħʦȨģһ̫ʱ纣ǰѹһ
һصĴ
ٴĴҲǴ˿̿صġ
˿ҪǣƽǰΣ֡
ת£ֻʣ²֪ħʦȨͻȻһöӲӵĹǷ϶ظȻ֮ɫ
ס֣Ҷ棬ϸס֣


2514 ׷⣿
ס֣Ҷ棬ϸס֣
֪ħʦȨ߳Ҷѹû⡣
սϣͣҾְͣ
һɲǣöӲӵĹǷ͸ϢȴҶͷ͵һ
һ޽ӽ컯ļвϢ
ͬʱ֪ħʦȨЪ˹ŭ쳹Ҷ棬ٲ֣ͣҶô޷ƣ鱦Ҫܵش
Ъ˹ŭУ͸һ־ζеҶ֪Ҫٲ֣֪ͣħʦȨԻᶯô
Ҵ͸ŵļвϢҶ棬ԪҲЩţɼв
գ֪ħʦȨĿע£Ҷ滹ͣ֡
ҶЩϧ
СȫΧ£ò˶ʱ䣬ܹشħ̫¡
ܲնɱħ̫£ҶûǸա
Ͼħ̫֪ϻʲôر
ʲô⣿вңҶָ֪֮ͣħʦȨеĽɫǷʵ
·ɺɱ졣
ֵֻͣҶССèˣΧħ̫¡
·ѪþŵΧȴûֹͣ
֪ħʦȨȴǼˣ±ߵĴҲֹͣ
ҶĶ֪ħʦȨ㵱ŴģһŹǷȫ֣
ҪҶͱħ񹬵֪ħʦˣ
֪ħʦȨһ㣬֪һϢסҶ棬æ˵ﻹǰҶ͡
ͣҶɻˡ
֪ħʦߺ걻֮ʦϣΪˡûãʦϣִ֪ħʦÿ˴һűǷ
űǷǾϣʦͨƣʹ֮ʵݵ˵۷壬޽ӽ컯˵ĲΡ
ԣֻҪűǷȻ֪ܲɱ㣬鱦Ŀռƣ֪ħʦȨ˵
ҶЦȻԱռΪʲôã
Ҳ
֪ħʦȨ͵ֱͦ˲شô˱Ƿ֮ƿռ̫ӵӳ죬ȻǼˡ
ԣ̸һ̸
̸һ̸ô̸ҶٴЦ
뿪ұ֤̫ӵԺ󲻻ɧء֪ħʦȨ̫һۡ
ɣ
ҶЦһöԶʵĹǷѣҪͻȻʩΪͻƿռ˵ҵ鱦
Ѿ˵ˣʲôã
鱦Ҵ߶Ӧ֣˲ϢͳؿռصС
²ıǷ׷ãҲˡ
̫Ӳɧҵأ
ߣõ㱣֤𣿡
۹𣿡Ҷħ̫Ц
һ֮£֪ħʦȨˡ
վֻħڵǼѧϰм̸ֽ˼ûнӴпޱȵʵս
·ħսĲÿһ֪ħʦȨ񾭡
Ҷ濴Է棬֪ħʦȨ֪ħʦߺԶˡ
Ȼ䣬ӱһֱûôڵħ̫ͻȻ䷢һƳ̾
ҶԪ˧鱦ʮԪ챦飬Ѿշָʹˣ
ô㲻ţҶЦ
ţȻţħ̫һƼˣʵڷֱ鱦˿ռ֮ѾжϳռģҶߵ鱦ͷƾͱˡ
ֻǣ֪Σ
ƺͺޣƺͺޣ
ҵõ˱֮ǰǰŬǧʱ䣬ſԼǿӲֶΣǿ֮£룬ǿܹӳһܣ޷ӡ㡭
ʣµĻ̫Ȼ˵ˡ
˱ˣֱ˰
Ҷż꣬ͳշ鱦ʮԪ챦顣
һԵ֪ħʦȨ۾صɵıȭͷ󣬡£˵Ҷռ鱦ߵģ
ԣħ̫߲ѣһʱ⡭
㡭㡭㡭֪ħʦȨֱħ̫Ѫһʹļף
ô˵ҪϢΪʲôңһռ鱦ǿǿԾһսʤ
ҡ
ħ̫¸ӵĲȻһǴ˱ֶβ˱ʧĹ̺¼ʵ̫ˣЩ⣬һԡ
ԣ֪ħʦȨһҲʱûţҪнţǾͺ޲ֱš
˽̸ҶȴЦȨ֪ƽ⣬ĹӣҵѪþѾ֮һħս
Ϊ鱦ռ䣬ѪþţҲܹλڴ˵ء
һ֪ħʦȨɫرøӵѿ
һϣȴǶҶԽԽ
ȥҪٲ֪ħʦϣµıǾûлᶯˡ
ͷһᣬ¶Ȼ֮ɫ֪ħʦȨ߶ǽɫǷȴħ̫¸סˡ
Ȩ֪ҲǿԺλҶԪ˧̸һ̸ħ̫˵
⻹ô̸֪ħʦȨЩɻħ̫ȴЦˣΪҶԪ˧ȤĶ
ޣ
Ҷ۾һУҸȤĶµǲ̫СԼˣ
ƾһҷ뿪𣿡
նɱһλħ̫ӵĹѫ㹻ҶڴܷˡҶ˵
ȻնɱҵĹѫ޴Ҳ˵ûпܳնɱңΪնɱ̫¹ѫ
Ҳܲǣʱ׷⣡Ц
׷⡯Ҷһ뵽ĳֲõĿܡ
һɲǣħ̫ȴͻصУĿǰ衢ҲѰĶ


2515 
˵ʵ׷⡯֣Ҷ滹ĸд뷨ġ
ڽ֮ǰҶȻ뵽ˡ
ħĿǰʸ̳дλľֻˣħʶ̫׷աħ̫¡ħ̫Ӵơ
ˣǱħ񹬳ϡ֪ħʦϣ͹ġ
ΪΣһħʾֻܴ֮г֡
Ҷնɱħ̫£Ǻնɱ֪ħʦߺ껹Ҫһٱ
ǿɾν˹壬ħǰδеĳ衣
ʱħʰ䲼ͣеħ嶼ףֻҪնɱҶ棬ϴˢħĳ裬û޹
ħʶ̫׷ħ̫ӴƣҲ᲻һд۵ǰնɱҶ档
ǲϧһдۡ
˭նɱҶ棬˭ܹڶ֮гʤˡ
ˣҶնɱħ̫£Ϊȶģħ񹬿Ҳ֡
ħ񹬵ĳ֣ɳʦĳ֡
ǲصֱɳ컯˹ĨɱҶĨɱҶı
Ȼ˵νͣ컯˲뵽״սС
ǣּ˵Ĺҳ裬ħ߶֣Ҳ֮С
ȷǴܵĴӼսֱӱնףǻʲô
ܼ򵥡ܾǴʿ»˼ѪһһкĽնɱӼ֮ħնɱŻ塣
ټЩңɳ컯˱նɱһħΪᣬŻݡ
ⲻ˵⼸λԼŶߵǡ
Ǹ߹ݣѪģ
ΪҪǣĿǰĴܣʼ¡̬ȣṩҶ˵Ƕٱأ
һ㣬Ҷ
ԣⳡһʼҶûҪնɱħ̫ӡ
ҶƻĺⳡսĿǷ²ħ̫£Ҷ󻯡
Ȼܹ˳նɱ֪ħʦȨǾòˡ
ԿԸħ̫һصĽѵ̻Ժôˡ
սսΡ
ǣħ̫µλ֪ħʦԲУȻûпһ㡣
ħ̫£һھ͵ࡣ
׷⣡
˷̵׷⣬Ϊʵ׷⣬ҶǾԲҲնɱħ̫µġ
ԣҶ沢ûжš
ҶҪնɱħ̫ǣûҪˡ
ҶĬԣħ̫Цжϣȫȷ
ҶԪ˧Ȼ˵鱦ʮԪ챦鲢ûбҳ󷴵Уǡ
һ̫һ磬Ҷо͵һͻҶ֪µǰЭˡ
ǣ鱦ȴбܵشɵǣ̫ǡɾ֪һ޸ռ鱦Ʊ䡣̫˵
ò˵һ޸鱦Ƶı䣬ĿǰҶҪı
ңֿ޸鱦Ƶıϡ٣
ĻᣬһҶ;ԲԸ
λã
ħ̫ҡҡͷֻ֪ԼλãʵǰЩ鱦֮󣬱̫ӾһʺʵĿռıһֱͨѰҡ
ֱȥ˴Լ䣬ֻһս·æǵطΪΣգԲûȥȡ
챾̫Σֻ֣ܱˣ
˵ţħ̫¾ͳ̾һ̫ռ鱦עԵ
ôװɣҸ鱨뿪ħ̫˵
Ϣ٣Էģ̫ӿԵҵħѪģұ֤Ϣκˡֲ̫
ף
ҶЦһ鱨ҷ뿪̫ӵҲ̫˰ɣⲻܣ
޸ռ鱦Ƶıɷǳǳĺּ̫ۻۡ
ħ̫µѪޱɱãǣҿԷ²㡣
ţػҴܵǳϲһλħ̫Ϊ²
ʱô̫ӵ²غҶСõô˳ССѰҿռҪ֮ġ
ʹǣʮа˾ܹҵҪ󡣡
Ҷ˵ɣħ̫µɫȴرѿ
ΪҶ˵ʵ
Ϊ²ħ֮ŭȻˡ
Ϊ²ħ̫ӣħĳ衣
ʱ򣬻ٵģ̫ӡ
ȻħعϰߣһΪ²̫ӣǶȻûλʸġ
Ϣ̫·ˡ
Ҳ˵ҶʨӴ󿪿ˡ
ԣҶ۾¶˿һЦݡ
ûãҶָ
һʣ˵սȫңҪǵʬתѪսʿ
һѪսʿΧ֮£ʣһٵսħ̫µ˵ͷ
ڶħ²ҵħսūո㻹ҪʮɱҶ˵
ⲻܣǵھ֧ȫûˡ
Ǿ򣡡
һ򣡡
ãһһ򣡡ҶӦĺʹ죬һԵ֪ħʦȨǳζ
һᣬ»ʮħ徫ʧȥǵ涾ȻǻΪʧȥǶɱˮ
ҶҪħ̫Щԥ
Ѳ̫ӵ»ĴŰȥ˵ȥ֮ұ
ðɣĬһ£̫»ǴӦġ
ġҶЦеĺһУҶĸ


2516 п˵
ˮ󶼶У˿̵ĶڵѪ
һ·£жĺͱжʧȥǵͬɱˮĿѾˡ
⻹һ
ǧˮ壬פڱ˷
Ҫۻһεˮ徫񣬵˶٣
ţλˮ󶼶У涾üΪɵ
涾ҪǶΣµĴʣ¶٣
Ѳʹ촽ţһԡ
֪ˮˮʧ룬ˮʧأ£һγԵԶûпʼѾʧˡ
֮£ةǸӵķæ
ڵЩˮ徫ôжġ
Ϊ˴ΧжûӦϣǼѵġ
ǣΪֹЩˮôжûе
Ҵˮ壬п˵ͬźȾ֮ж˵ǳ֮жĻ˵˶̵ġ
ΪǣҴʿУһǺ˱ṩĴľƣɶûУһǳԱṩ˸ǶԲҲûж
һģûκһҴʿ̡
̵֮ʿȻʧȥǣҪˣҪﱻˡ
ԭЩҴʿ˵֮ǰûп̣Щʿȴ˵ŵζ
Щñةͷöѹõͷ
ĿǰĽ˵жĿ
ǶɢôдӦĿԾͱȽˡ
ܾĲԾǧҶͨҲͬʱϰж
Ƕ̣ҶҲ϶а֣ӦӦأ
ͻȻ䣬󷽴ĺɱøո£ˮ󶼶У밽ɫһ䡣
󷽣ǲǸոսжʧȥǵˮȻˮ彫쿪ʼôֿʼɱ
󶼶²ãһУ͵شӺ󷽴ܹĵ󶼶ħɱˣ
ʲô
ˮ󶼶УһȻƺЩû
˵ʲôħ壿ȴ͵سȥֱĲӣɿˣ
ء̫ӡħ壬ħ壬ͻȻ뺣棬ʼնɱǵֵܡ
Щħһ׺ޱȣ˾ɱ˾Ϳֵ˲ء
ߣȥӦУһŭ𣬴һˮˣͼ˺£Ĵۼء
δϵѪ˾˹ѪУźˮʬ塣
ЩҴˮԭںУǵսҪԶǿͬħ徫ӦΪǸߵħ徫
ǴʱҴˮδû֯ƫƫɱħ׺ޱȣηȻͿʼˮսڴ¾ˮ塣
ĿһۣУ˲ؾŭˣʧȥǵ涾Щɱǵħ壬ȫ˶ʧȥǡ
ôࣿ
һۣѲʹĵɫޱȵѿٶʮϵħ徫ɣ
ħôôжģ
ϣħ徫˱ϣյĿռڣжˮ󶼶Уһͣʱͳ֪ͨħ̫£
Уһ£ȴ͵ҡͷԣ
´󶼶㿴Щħ徫񣬾ȻսļңȴǴĸΧɱģҪΧɱǵˮ
Ȳˣˮ󶼶УһأֽЩʧȥǵħ壬
УٴηŭˮĴǣǴ򲻹ǣˮеٶȣЩħܸϵϣ
һ֮£౻ɱ˵ˮ嶸׷׼뿪ս
ͬһʱ䣬УѲʹͷͬʱɳǵӡ
֮Уǽӡ֮ͿԺɵˮ֮ΧĶԸˡ
һ̫ɷ֮Уһ׳ĺɫΣǰг֡
һڴ߶Լְ˾ӡˮ󶼶УһȻһŵĽһûնϡ
ةһ֮£ֱӾˣҲҿӦļʱ̵ʱڼةӡӡеڱããϢֿ̫źϢûеڵء
˵УҪѲʹĲ׳ĺӰ죬Уޱȡ
̫ź
֪λǰݵû˵꣬ɫٴһ䣬ԣ̫źֻ꣬û壬⡭
ģҶڴˣⲻ֪αϽΰҶڡЦУҶĶس֡
ȻҶ٩ĴŭмǣҶ棬壬ꣿ̫ź
Ҫܣ
ҶЦһ̫Ŀˮ֮ȴ쾡µչֳһʣͽ࿿Ľˮ嵱Ϻ
ʱ˿̣ˮһ޴һˮȥ
һסģǶʮʧȥǵħ徫
ѪսһĺˮУ
ˮ֮£һĳʧȥǵħ壬ˮ壬ȴĵɥ֮±ħ徫նɱ
һĻةɭɭ𣬡ôõʱˣħ̫»ħ˹죬ħĪҶ᣿
Զħ̫ȴǿЦп˵֡
Ҷ涯̫غѲʹȴЦڱ̫ǰغǰŪ


2517 
һˮµӡشѲʹͷϷŰİע룬ⷽʹӡͻȻͱ˾˵ĺϢ
Ǿ˵ĺϢУ͸ֱϢط
طϢһ͸˷ĺˮһɲǷ·𶼳֮˲ϢܵѲʹĵ־ơ
ʱҶ̫ɵĺˮͿʼɳһٵı⣬ۼεĺˮƣںˮļʮˮ壬׷¶˽Ҫӳľϲ
ǰغţǶϷˡĴżֵЦ
ͬһɲǣɢڰ־£ȻϮҶ棬¶ة࣬ҶȻǳô˻նɱⲣȻȡЦ
УԴϲ֣ҶȴѾ˶
ϷҿĿˮ֮˰ˡǺЦһ߲ӡشҶͷ
ȴҶӡ
ӡһҶŴ߶֮£ˮ֮ʱŹ⻪ӡѹ֮
ɲǼ䣬˷Ѿ־ĺˮͻȻһͷ·Ȼ䱻һƹһ˷ˮйע־ͻȻһɢ
ҶĺˮûͲһյ¶һֺˮĿȨ
ʱ䣬ɳɢˮٴǺһ˻ȥ½˺ˮ
źˮɢʱǳֻ̣мˮô˻ӳ󲿷ֵˮֱˮȦ˻ȥ
Ҫǣ֮ǰĺˮ֮УЩˮʿ־ڣȻмʮʧȥǵħ׷ɱǻƴһѡ
ܶʧȥǵħѪƴʵ󣬷ʧȥǵħʱ
ϾǴ󺣡
ˮս
ħľǺηǶͷжսϾǴ󺣣ǵʵ޺ء
ڣѲʹƿ˺ˮЩˮĻᣬǱеΧһһϣûѪս
ˮ嶼ŵŰٴƿˮӳ죬һչŲܿʧȥǵħ׷ɱںˮƿĵһʱӳȥѹû˶־
һǱһ浹ɱ
һ䣬гǧˮȥ
״ѲʹĴŭֱһԳ˱塣
һһǧ׵צԴıŰޱȵϢȻϯ˷
һɲǣˮ󶼶УҲòĴ󶼶ӡֲֿ֮
һʣĵıʹӡͬʱ˷ĺˮȨǽһ͵طһ㣬رĶ˴롣
Ҷӡ󷢣ʱҲ޷ֹǺˮʼɢ
ӡѹ֮£һֺˮҶǺˮһαɢٶȷǳ
Ҷüͷһ壬Ҫˣ
Ҫⳡغ֮սˣħ̫ĵϾ˷ˡ
ڰצ֮ͨ£Щ˺ʮʧȥǵħ徫񣬱ĽɱֻʱĶٷ⣬ѹûκ⡣
ǣҶĺˮ꣬Ȼǿ󣬵ûҲϵ꣬ӡҲˮӡƴⰽҲ֮С
;ҶԸ⿴ġ
ΪҶһսı⣬壡
һҪЩֵˮʹ˴ˣײǴﵽĿġ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ뵽˹ԴӡǿһƵӡ
¶ɾֻҶ鷳
ͻȻ䣬֮ǰűлȥתǰҶǷеںϡơֻӡطظҶͷ
ùԴϹӡ¶Ŀ̫
ӡںأ
Ҷ˲Ϣ뵽ںϵĿܡ
һںϾǱط֮ںϡơֻӡطںҶûǰԹʱսǧһ֪ܲܳɹ
һںϣȴҶ뷨еںϣ׼ȷ˵ǿƣ
ӡʲô
Ҷӡĳ̶ֳϽҶ־Ҷ࣬Ҷ֮ڡ
ôԴϹӡʲô

ϣԴϹӡһҶĺ鱦׹ޡǶ顢ɽûʲô
ô֮ҶӡͿֱӿƶùԴϹӡ
ӡϢͱڱ֮£ԴϹӡѹӦ
һɲǣҶһ̺źƵϢϹӡԴӡ˳ӡˮ⣬ɽӡеˮӡڡ
Ҷ߶ԴϹӡĿˮ֮ط
ԴϹӡĿˮ֮һڽ˫УһͻȻһһʿ
ͻȻģĺ˷޾ĺˮУѲʹĵĿƣҶĿ֮С
ոտʼɢĺˮٴαü᲻£Щˮеˮ˻
ҶԳѲʹģжظ˼ȵĲ˼֮ɫʹࡣ
ⲻܣ
ԲܣҰ̫źѪڿغ֮ϣȻܸһ壡
㷽עʲôΪʲôҸеһϤעӡ֮У
İķһ׷Ҷ棬ʵҶ氵ҡ
ϹӡȻӦģҵҶӡڱ֮£ҲܹӦһϤϢ
⣬ҶȻشġ
ƿʼŶˮ弫䲻õһ淢չȥ
Ҷƿĺ˷޾ĺˮ͵Ȩ
һ㺣ˮܲҶ˷κҪҶ棬ͱȻȵû
ˮ󶼶Уˣ׾ٵĹֻǲͨˮµķ
Ǿ㺣ˮԤ⹥ܷ˵Ҷ棬˵
۴˿˷޾ĺˮҲҶĿ£ǿưΧ
ҪѲʹĶţǵܣ˿̿һ㺣ˮ
ͻȻ䣬һֱＱıةһת͸ˮ󶼶У괫´󶼶̫ӿغҴ͵ϮҶ棡
ãУԥĴӦˡ
ͬһɲǣУͷˮ󶼶ӡ͵ع⻪ţΪĵѣⳡغĽ֮С
֮ǰУҶ֣Ϊغĵӡ
ѲʹĴڣ˾ҪԲ֣øмᱻޡ
ʱة棬УȻ޹˼ɵĳ֡
ˮ󶼶Ķӡⷽļ룬غƽٴŰһбȥ
ҶĿغĳǺˮɶҶ߲µĲ㺣ˮҲʼȵ

ô˻ᣬةڲλˮ죬Ҷ淢ͻϮ


2518 ˭ڰŪ
ƴ˶࣬ã۾ƴ˶࣡
ةˮ彫ɱҶ涸عЦ
ҶĴЦУĿͷͬʱҶռзɳ
Ŀͷÿһˮ彫ӭ˹ȥΪǿةû˶Ը
һ֣ةϲſһ磬۴ϸĵʹзɳҶ档
츳ͨȻ׵֮
Ҷ֮࣬ȴ¶ζЦݡ
ӡҶͷɳˮһΣĵסةȫһ
ȴةĿʼѡ
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ЩˮݴʱȻϢĲ壬ة󺧡
ȻǣˮݾȻɢŵڵϢ
ڵˮ
ǱһͻȻһӿ⣬÷ĲסˮͻȻͱȥ
ϲͻؾʹСĶϺ²ֵҶñˡ
ɲǣʮ÷Ԫɫش̱ˮбǿĵ۷ͳ׵Ĳ
һģٴˮݡ
󺧣ٴα䣬һΣģȴǵ۷Сı壬Щ޷һ١
ʱСʼԭʼҰĲ
ⲻϣСͣڱ٣ͣţĳ̶ֳ϶ԣСıȽϾ޴·硣
ĸӦУʮɢŵ۷Ϣڷȥ
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ΪҪǣ˿ˮңУˮ졢ȥ£µĴʱ˷Ȼһܹõ
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ֵ˹ؼʱ̣Ϊ˾ȳʮˮѲʹˮ󶼶УҲƴˣþȫҶغȨ
û취סʮˮȫǱľҲУı
ЩˮˮսʿˣȻʧأӰ첻
ǰĶУڱľѾ˺üʮʮˣ˿ɾϰ򰡡
һΣУıˮ徫Ҳѡ
δսһ룬̣ô
У밽ķ߶εǣ֮ǰУҶ涾ˮ徫Ľʧ˴롣
Щµˮǣݣ󲿷ֶ˱ȾƳܣȫ˱֮ڡ
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ΪֵҶȻ۲쵽˵仯ҶȴɨһԶħ̫
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ڸղţҶǳĸӦԶսħ̫µĶ⡣
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һжϣǧ֮ϵѨµĺˮһ̫׵ĳ£˷޾ĺˮȨҶ
ģ˭ڰŪҶЦ쳹


2519 
ģ˭ڰŪ
ҶĴЦУ˷޾ĺˮػһˮˮһˮ󶼶УѲʹġ
Ȼ˵Щˮˮܶʵʵ˺ȴҲܹ˳ָ鷳
֮ǰҡҡ׹ĺˮʱιˣںˮеˮǣ׷׷˾ĺС
ѲʹĵһɲǱѿޱȡ
ҲǴʱԳ壬Ҫǻָжѿ
¶غȥǼʮˮ֣նɱ˴ʤǵģ
¶׹֮࣬ѾɱҶ档
˿ȫʹӡĿغ˳ʱͲ
һΣĶػһ޴ޱȵơɫ֯ꪣˮлһɫ磬ݺݵĺҶ档
ɫȥɲǣܱ޾ĺˮǵصϮҶ棬ǾҲǱꪻζ
Ʒ鱦
Ҷͫ΢΢һʱ͸ӦŨŨв
ڴʱҶԣȴǺ⣬ˮ곤һܿĺˮʱ޵ĻǶһҶ滤м䡣
ǧĺˮµķÿķȻۣǳǧżǷȴһ㡣
ֽһһþͿ׵˺һֽǧֽһ̴ҪѾˡ
Ҫֽʮֽһأ
ЧͷǷˡ
ͬһɲǣˮ󶼶УͻȻҲһǳֱһȻͬʱһҶ档
һĻҶһ
Ȼ򵥲ֲġ
һ͵ǿꪡޡﵵʮ˰ˮ󶼶Уƺȫˡ
ÿһƷ͵ģƷлһ鱦
ҪǱʵˣҶҪˡ
ҶʵսޱȷḻǱΧľ顣
һ׹ٴ˸䣬ʮ̫ס
һΣˮ󶼶У׼ϰټܲ͸֮£ȻҶ̫׵߰˰ˡ
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ȥ
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һɲǣеƺעꪵУһ֮£ͽҶ浲ǰӡɡ
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ҶзǿƤ͵Ĵʥ塣
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ȥɣ
ɫꪵݺݵĺҶؿڣĿĹ⻪ҶĴʥ
ոճֵĺƷ鱦ݴݺݵĿҶ棡
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ղҶһͽˣҶ١
˿Ҷ̫׺ֱء
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ˮ󶼶УЦУĵǼƷ鱦ݴ󵶺ݺݵĽҶȻɢ˹⻪Ĵʥ˺飬״ݻҶȻ󣬺ݺݵҶļ羱Ҫ
һɲǣˮ󶼶УЦⶼʼŴ󣬶ڴҶԴݴ󵶷ּҵһĻ
һɲǣˮ󶼶У۾͵صɴ
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ο齣˲Ϣ䣬ͽĲģ޷
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˿̣ϰȴĴðѪ·̱һĴܡ
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һΣУļˣ˻к
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һɲ֮󣬷ӦѲʹĶͷغɫ⻪ĵסɽ
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ҲһɲǣУİĻͷͿ侪㤵һĻ
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ס֣
ŭһľͻһУ
ҶȻóҪˣͷ׹޹⻪һ̫䰽ġ
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Ҷǳơ
ʵںˮսҶҲǳԿ
׵ᱻһ̶ϵɱ׸òˡ
ҶǿĻϵͨطòˣϵͨطҲ
˵ڴ밽սҶ϶ǺܳԿģҲֻٺͺˮٲӰ졣
Ҷ赲ˣܿģľͳ嵽УϣʱУҲǼҡ
ϰٵּûõģ°ȻӰ±ϡã޴ܱ߿Ѫɺӡ
Ҳ䱾޴󣬴ֶ࣬ҪȻ类Ҷٸˡ
ߣ
ʱҲ˲ˣֱԳ壬޴צץУ֮ڣֱʹУ໵ĲҽһɤӣУѪˮӿţԶ
ҶһҶƵ˷ˮͲ˲㱤һס˰ĵȥ·
ҿ
һŭ𣬰ͷѲʹӡع⻪ţֱӽǰ·ĺˮȿһͨǺɫ⻪˲ϢԶݡ
Ҷ鶸Ȼޱȡ
뽫ĻУ˵еһɵû뵽ӵˡ
Ҫⰽе鱦࣬ʵǷ
ĸУһߣڸҶĿͷ棬Сļˮ彫ͱةͻȻ;˻
̫ӡ¶ҰЩ˵УةĽҡ
Ǿ㣬ĴȥɣҶЦУة񣬶Ȼͱþޱȣ


2520 ս
Сڵ컯ǰĴսĵĸɸɾֻܿԼΪةս
ôõʱˣСûةżҵս
ʮ÷ԪȻڣǰһҲļѡ
ʶѾƴһڵСʮ÷Ԫ롣
ȻСĿǰֻǵ۷Ϊةĵڵ޸Ϊһ󾳽磬ԱȽĴ
߽ǶȶԣСܹסةһռϷ磬Ѿ԰ˣʵȺˡ
ǣҶ濴С֮ǰˣھͿµڵʵ˿̵СͷսЩˡ
лᣬ취СǿǿΪ֮ˡ
ţҶһ̫ףСة֮սʤƽбС
ʮ÷Ԫûǿ֮һֱĵ֮С
Ԫ鱻ʮ÷Ԫ֮ǰҶͷһͻطԸСֻԪ飬Ѫá
󣬴ˮϵ׵ϵطǳˮһӿҶĵ֮С
ةЩĿ޻ǲġ
ˮϵطĿǰҶԣȫظģûκô
ֻˮϵطвļֵ
ֵһǣة츳ͨеһЩйϵطƬȴҶĿһϲ
Щة츳ͨеһϵطƬȻйϵˮϵںƿء
ȻֻƬҶԸӦһ£ͿȷֻҪҶȫôҶԺˮʩչϵطܸͨʢ
СةʣµĿͷЩһĶ֣ѹҶæСְæսں̵ܶʱڽˡ
ڴˮսԭĿʵ϶ȽϳԿһֱûн
ΨһǾͷˣһΪСèһһֱڽ۷ûͻƣˮףȴſһڵˮ彫죬̫ޡ
սܿͷսˮ彫챻ͷֱӳ֮⣬ֻԻԵһߵǿߵֻϢ΢һ㣬ûı仯
İڵľ޴ʬ壬
ҶĿעѲʹˮ󶼶УߵķջǾȥ׷ɱ
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ǧɽ˾ҶѡĿꡣ
ϧǣЩ˿ǵõѲʹĵľ棬ڵһʱ䲻Ǿۼ˴ˮԼԣǸϵ˰ĵԡ
ҶûڶʱڽսĿܣҶֻܷ
ʩչжݷתһȦûѰҵҶ棬ֻա
˵ҶҪսˣ˵ҶҪٴѰս
һεսԶûеʱ򣬽һսǸոտʼ
Щˮ壬ȻֱķɱӣҶҪǲǸˣˣôܳԣ
ҶϢʧʱ˸߰˰˵ˮڽһˮ֮ҲڿʼЧת
ˮ󶼶УˣھݵĽָ֮УҲòָӴ
֮ǰֻΪʹѲʹģҲʼʽЭУ
һ£Ǵ²ͳ
²ǱȽϵġ
֮ǰԶóۡ涾ֻҪסתΪںͿԲ亦
ͨҴߵĿó涾Ҫ֡
ԣĵһ£ǲºӪ
ˮںˮпڵжֻҪкˮͲܴ
ʳгԱľʳһŲá
ѲʹУĺ£ˮоڶʱڣҲһЩ
ҲڴʱյսͳƣҲڴʱͳƻ


2521 ĸ
յսͳƱһλУʱεġսةвξ֮ɹ廯ζˮ
󶼶̫ӣеսͳƶۼʧٰʮˮ壬Ŀǰдڱˮ߰һʮ࡭
ˮξձ棬ˮ󶼶УѲʹġԼۼڴǧɽҴĲʮλˮ߼ͷͷͬʱһɡ
λ㡣
⽫󺣶Ⱦһսսˮ壬ֻǴ֮һ֮֮ϡ
ҲˮĿ֮
࣬ڴ忴ѾǼصʧˡ
ˮ忴ڿԳܵķΧ֮ڡ
û취ĺޱߣ࣡
ʧͳһʽݣݷֱݸˮ󶼶УѲʹһݣݸڳдˮ߼Ǵġ
ͳһУǰģֻǳˣɫͱˡ
ǧˮȻһս֮ǲдµĸˮĲӱȴ΢
һʱ䣬Уġвдˮ߼Ŀ⣬Щɨһˮ߼ĩβıҲҶı۷֮ϡ
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ش󶼶»һҪ

⡭ڵʱξЩԥȴУӵЩķңʲôµģڳģԼˣûʲôܽ콲
ش󶼶йؾ顣
֣һըһҴ󶼶Уͷը죬Ȼ硣
Ҫǽ£ԼƣķҲ˵ˮٻʳ⡣
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ҪԼǡ
סˣʱѴڣˮ׶Ȼ࣬ǿɹʳıɱһٳҲҪʱġ
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ˮ֮Уǧ򣬾Ǿ廯εˮ嵱Умʮֲͬľࡣ
ǲģȴԾ޾뾨Ĩ㾨
һˮȱôˮڵĸͻụ൱ʳȻ嶯֣ͻԼںһա
Ĭãˮ󶼶Уһεĳ̾
ȫ̰ӪֱֳǰǧɽˮԼʳ
⣬رȫⱱ
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ʵǹĲξ뷨ʱõѡʵ˾ˮ󶼶Уȴ˲á
ֻҶ棬δһһսأةˮսУһ˱µص֮󣬾ְܷ֮ʱ
ԣУֻгＯݣн
ˣ´󶼶ħǱߡ
ħ廹ãһħ壬ͺ޵ҧгݣսһ򱱺¾ٴħЩʧȥǵľʿɵġ
У밽ľŭȥħ̫ʦ
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УʦʵҲֻǷйһŭ𣬱ϾҲףǶʮʧȥǵħ徫Ҳ˶ԭűҶá
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аһУ˫ҲֵĲɢ̫Ҫ˱
ֱˮ󶼶У뿪֮ħ̫ϵŭⶸػһݣ֪ħʦҶˮѡƻĵĸǿˡ
ǣʥ븸ħôսʮ򣬿һǰδеĴܰ
һˮĺѣһãʾҪﰡ


2522 ֵܳ
һˮڣҶ桢ʥʥƺʥةʥѪͣڿܻ顣
ʱˮʣҶˮİΧţм仹С߶ˮݽػţҶɫԪǰԪͣţžһĿԡ
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2523 
ػʹڣλҲʼ¡ϵЦԽԽ࣬ػʹϷƣɢˡ
๬ˡŮ֮ǰһͷҴң·СС
ػʹϷɢˣȴޱȵϷ
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д˵ڲڻʵּ£Ѿٿ׼Ȩ顣
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2524 
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2525 
£ʮһգ꣡
ǡʮһεĴ󳯻ᣬУǰػʹĸԱ֮꣬ﲻ
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2526 ۻ
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2527 ʱ
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ڽʼ¡ĵѪ赹Ҷ棬ܳ͵ʷҲҶû취
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2528 Գֹ
ҶľѪصݹʱԶԶľͿһſڵȴԼ
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2529 
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2530 
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2531 ˭˭
֤ǼʧˮνġҶĴɱˡֻ龪һ
ˮ󶼶УȴǺ޲ý⼸ˮɱ˵Ķˡ
ʵǻرҶĴɱˡʱУŵĲᣬˣֶе㷢ˣڽǰڳˣ
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2532 Уն
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2533 ɱ
ǧɽϱߵһΧߴǧڣ֧һһʮˮڷɢԼ
ϵдຣ׶ﱻЩˮɱȻֳ֮󣬾ͽ˻ˮӪ
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2534 
ڣصĿǣϸѡıִ˰ˮӪеˮ죬߶ӡڣŷ̵Լķȥ
ߣһʮˮˮӪĶʮʮȻȫɳȥԼˡ
ĿǰѾȷҶΧߵˮߴʮ򣬵ֻȷʵΧߵġ
ĿǰʮȻʧȻûȷսϢ֪ȻʧĲӣʮа˾Ŷսˡ
֮Ѿʮʮˮڷɢ״̬£Ҷ涯Ʊɵˡ
ЩԼĴȫˮӪҲҪһ뵽ʱ䡣
ʱڣûκζ֪Ŀǰʣµʮʣ¶٣
һ
Ҫʧ̫ңθ̫ˮ󶼶У
Ȼˮ󶼶УвľУϱǱгͷ£ãҲǹ
УѲʹĿĺ͢Ĺˣǧɽƴİͽᡣ
ҪǴϰպǰ;ɾ͸ӵԶˣôҲࡣ
ʱˮӪиҪʧ̫ңͻڰ̫һܵӰ죬ܹʸϰĵĸ֦
ԣ֪ĿǰҶʵǿ̫ӶƥУҪȥԮ
ԼֻеڵΪصȴӵڵս
ˮ죬һڣһڣģ㲻Ҷ棬Ӧû⡣
οˮ屾нֽ٣ǧһսҪΧǵҲüɵޱȡ
ֻ֪Ҷƥа̫ӣԳûˮ󶼶УһսľΣȥ£ӵȴ֪ºҲ
Ϊսߴ඼ˣİ̫УȻԸἰϸڡ
С뿪
뿪ĵһʱ䣬뿪鱨дµĴϢСķѾҶ档
Ҫ˵ǣСķҶķȫһ
ҶķǿӵԼϵķֻ־ϴķ
Сķʵڴֲ߱мĴһѣһɢôĴֲͻøԭһͨ
ҲСһ츳еֲѾǵĻûпǵģӹϲСǾޱȵľ
ĴϢ˿̵ľԮϱ仯оλãСķʱʱ̵̿ĲͣС
СҶ档
һ㣬ܼ򵥣Сĵһ࣬Ĺһͨˮͷϡ
ˮȴ벻⣬Ϊںףηǳĳ
ˮԣϲζ
ѹ֪ĴȻҶһ˫۾
ӡˮ£˴ʱ
ӡĿغ£µĴоٶȣһϣнķǳ١
оƻٹһʱܹӦһ֧س̵ˮ
Ȼһһ£ˮ巵ˮӪֱ̫ӷء
һ֧ԮнٶȺܿ죬Ϊ˼ӿоٶȣֱںˮвǰġ
ǰʱǰе͵ظоǰˮѹһᣬеĺˮƵĵӦֵĸоͻȻûˡ
󾪣ףʧȥغȨı֡
ӡ£غȨǲԵ޹ʵĶʧģֻǱǿĴڸˡ
ͷҶ桯ֵʱ͵ؾʹȫ䣬СĵϮ
Ҳոɲǣ͵ص𣬾һµ
ɽѹһɲǣҲǷĴ߶ӡ¶һֿغȨΪµľΪԼȡһ
ǣĿغ֮ɽԨһĪС
ȫ߶ӡ֮£Ȼ˿˶˷ˮƿȡ
ͷٴһ
ϯˮˣµˮ徫ƴңͨ񾳵ˮ徫񣬶ˡ
ֵǣɱ
ɤŅȳɲǣڴ˴Ⱥʱ񣬾ͻɱȻҳһŵˮ
Ҷˮ徫ڴ֮ǰȻҶʱռ˰ʱͽʱ䡣
һѾƣ;ȥԪ͡
ټЩսЩˮһ磬ɱ绢ʱ棬Ȼ¼һһǰĲƣɫһ䡣
˲Ϣ䣬һϢ˽͡
ȳûնɱ˵
ȴһ㵣Ϣ͵ʱǸͣȥȻûܵκӰ죬ʵЩ
ʱȻǲôˡ
Ķ֣ңҶͻȻ֣ǰ
ҶֻƽƽһվֵѹûκζȻľ
ǲ֪ûҶֵʸ񣿡ҶЦУˮ긡֣һ̺Ũ̫Ϣ
·һ˷
׵ģ
̺̫Ϣһͷ͵һȻһľսҶֵĸо
ľ֮£߶ӡת
λˮûӡһ̺̫ϢֽŶЩʵӰ졣
Ӱģȴˮ
̺̫ϢһһֽĻãЩͨ񾳵ˮ֮£ȻԳԭΡ
һʱ䣬Ǿ绢Ⱥһɱһ㣬նɱЩµľˮ塣
һĻˡ
ֻһˣһ֣ϣ˵䣬֡
˭˵ֻһˣųĿҶɳӭ
־ŭһƴˮ˾͹Ҷ档
ҶĻӦȴǼ򵥶ֱӡ
ĺˮһʣͷӡеˮҲʱ˼£ٷɳӰʹ˷
̺Ŀֲ̫Ϣֵ˼£˲Ϣӡ
ɾڴʱ͵һȻóɽֻĿӰ
Ӱһ֮£ͷһĲҽУֱԳ壬ֻ۱Ѫ硣
һͱӰ߽١
ٵ֮£ͷֱӱɷ飬ܵشոӳͱĺˮһ¡
䣡


2535 ˮӡ
ˮһֻ꣬ҶʶΪǵˮ֮Ҷȴ֣ĺˮڲڷһЩ޷ı仯
ƺĺˮ꣬һ˿ʻϢ
Ҷĺˮʱɱɰٱ׳ɳȫԭµĺĺ˵ڵ̫ʬɢ̫Ϣ
Ȼ׳Ѹ٣ȴҶĺˮŨŨ
ʱڣˮҶûɶӰ졣
ջ֮£Ͳ˵ˡ
ǺˮĿǰҶĺˮˮˮޣǺˮڵŨŨȴǳΪҶˮϵͨطԪһ谭
Ԫһ̶ȵļ٣ӶˮϵͨطС
ֱ׶ڲԣԺҶʵɳȴԽԽء
û뵽ˮһ꣬Ȼ⡣
ҶģȺˮ곹꣬ٴȥԭ£׳һκˮ꣬Ҳûκ⡣
ȥ
߳һҶͷӡɳֱӾͽӡȥ
߶䣬Ҷתӱӡںط
һĹӡеĹԴӡӡͺ϶Ϊһ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶĸоУܱߵˮĿһ̶ȵ
Լɣ
Ӧһ£ҶʱжϳӡܣԼֻйԴӡɡ
֮£۷ӡֻйԴӡɵ
湻ġ
֤ڲɭϵѪȽס
ҲӲΪʲôҶĺˮӡټӹԴӡѲʹڿغ涷¡
Դӡܣ밽ĵѲʹʹӡܣӦò̫
Ҷţöӡ룬ҶٴѲʹʱڿغȻѹԵƣԻʤĸס
Դӡں֮󣬾ͱһȫµʲҶ֡
һ˼⣬һöȫµӡͻı仯Ҷĺˮģ
Ӵ֮ͽкˮӡɡ
ͺһҶǰĺˮӡʹӡзɳޱȵͶ˺ˮڡ
ˮӡ壬ˮ෢һĸӵʵˡ
Ҷӡѹ֮Ȼѹǽƽ⡣
ˮӡʱڣӡѹˮ֮ɱɱǳʱڣҪӰƽˣҡҶĵȶ
ԣ˿ȶ֮Ҷͽˮӡӡ롣
Լͷ£ҶٸսսȻΪ
Ŀ˫˫սˮ죬䣬ĻңͷȻûս⣬ȫ֮ġ
֮ǰĿҶս£˿ȴȫȻ·硣
˴˶ѰһпܵĻߣҶĿغ֮Ӱ£ˮеٶȴΪĿġ
˴˿̷ҶĿ⿴뷢һףҶִս֮ʱ֮ʱ
ϾҶ׸նɱˣ˵ǡ
ҲҶ涯ֻ֣ҶĺˮһĿȥλˮԷ·һĺˮ˿̾ͱ
Ŀȴֻǣûֱɱǡ
ӣ̹Ҷ̽˶˵ڡ
ûϢ˾С֮ͨ£飬Ԫ⣬ˮϵطǳˮһӿҶĺˮ
Ҷϣȴû˿ľϲΡ
ˮɶˮϵطȷʵ٣ųɾţҶˮеˮϵ취غϡ
֮Ҷûһô
ҶȻʶΪͻƵΪԽԽߣС츳ܹطУܹϵģԽԽ١
֮ҲС츳ҶݾҶΪԽԽߣôԽԽ١
ҶĿǰΪǵڣȻҶĺˮط裬ѾԽ˵ڡ
ҶΪͻƵڣСطõľ͸ˡ
ҶΪͻƵڣ֮ˡ
һ㣬Ҷû˿Ӱ졣
ҶһΪģȫǿԼ޵ġҶҲǲ֮ͨˣнݾҶߡ
ûнݾҶһһһӡ̤һԼ֮·
䣬ˮӰ춼ô󣬸˵ǶЩˮ徫Ӱˡ
Щˮ徫񣬿ȫĵϵ䣬ǵĴ̫ˡ
ʿһ˲ͱˡ
ˮ壬ǱĴȻľɢɢˡ
͵ԵѹҲǶؼ١
ľȻҶĺˮ塢ҶĿغ֮Ӱ죬ʵȽǲ١
ҽǿߣʵҪȽǶࡣ
ԣһʼǵѹǷǳġ
Ҳһս͡ᡢЦһУһγ
ҲҶҪġ
֧ûоѹֻ˳̵Ĳӣ޷ɱľġ
ܿģɢӣ͵˾ͿʼΧ׷ɱЩʿˮ塣
ֻ׷ԶǾյҶת
ˮۼҶǰһϣû̫˷ܡ
һսʤˣǵУҲ˽
սĽˣǵսѣǵֵܽá
Ȼʤˣˮеȴ൱ѹ֡
սʤߵս߶ԣֻ
ҪȥҪǵսֵܽǻȥҪӵиǿս֮ǰץһлʵԵʡ
ֻӵиǿսԼȥֻӵиǿսǲԼֵܽã
ҶĻЩˮǵ飬ø
ǵУж֮ǰҶĴߴ£ȫȥأ
ʱ˶ҶĴߴٲôðһʱ͵಻١
ǽĴսȴ˼̵һΡ
Ѫλˮ뾫Ѫˡ
סֻһӵʱ䣬һ֮󣬻иҿĴսǡ
һ֮ǵĶ֣ǶʮˮҶᶨ
ǣү̻壡
һɲǣڽ͡ᡢУ˵֯£ˮδҶÿˮ֮Ѫ
һζݵѪԡ
󣬷ʳѪ⣬ˮľѪѪ⡣
ڵѪ⣬ƴСѪУ̺ľѪܽһͨˮ鹬˳ͻơ
һʱ䣬ϵˮͻơ
Ҷ棬˳ֵʰۡƤǼܣЩɶĺòϡ


2536 Ӽ黬
ɵ֮ҶһĿʲôأ
פжʮˮˮӪ
ȻɵʮˮӪⳡսۣûɾԵʤ
פжʮˮˮӪдصʣȴڼĳ̶Ӱⳡս۵ơ
սʣɲУҪＯܹＯġ
о
ˮЩԼĴҲҶҪĿꡣ
֮£ڴ󺣵ˮڽϣҪ׵Ķ࣬͵ȡľͺá
ǣ׵Ķ࣬ҲкԼС
һԼܱߺĴûûĹָ
ˮҪٴνǵͷȴ¡
ЩҪĿģȻҶ滹ĴҪĿġ
Ҷļƻ͡ᡢЦһˮ徫񣬾δսҶʱռǱһʱ䣬ܹɳΪеľ
ȻΪǼܣܱߵˮܾˡ
£Ҷı۷¶ˣҶҲһƴ֮
ǣƻܺãʵ΢еǸС
ҶŽǸϵˮӪʱˮӪѾҳһš
ȴΪϢԭΨһһˮ죬Ȼ֮ˡ
Ȼ󣬻ˮ죬ʹԸŴɢ
ЩһģɵһģԼûݵģеֱӴͷʵģ֮ˮӪһƬҡ
ҶԤеĶԽ͵˵ļѵ֮սѹûг֡
ҶµĴһ֣Ѿʧȥ˶־͹Ķʮˮǣһɢ
Ҳֻβ׷ɱһ
Գһ
ҲҶҪĿꡣ
Ȼ˵ǹһıԸڵɲرĽ統ˡ
Ǵͨ;ʣȴղڡ
Щ⣬ҶòţǼˮˮȴòš
ټˮӪеĽɻ㹻ˮµĲһˡ
Ҫľ񲻺ҶҪ˵ʵѶȣҪ޴Ĵ۵ġ
Ϊľ£פϳ֮ڣսԻдȵ
ҶܹʩչݣŴڲһãͻᱻΧߡ
ıɲһ
ΪûͻƵΪԭʵ½ụ̋ɶԿҶ档
һ
ڵʵӵŵڵսڣܹӳڵʵ
ټЩ£Ǽѿеһͷ
ҲǵҶ֪ڣȴֵԭ
ֱʴ뿪ųնɱ

дСзǧˮҶֻʩչݣŽ͵ֱɱڲûκˡ
ʱ֮ҶŴŽ͵뿪˱ձ˷һ
Ҷ治֪ΪʲôΪֹѾܱˮ޼ɵɱ¾һʱˣУ밽ĵ˻ûκζûлתǧɽˮӪ֮С
СѾ֪̽ǧɽˮӪѾΪߵϢҳһţУ밽Ļһɵû
ĻᣬҶһҲ˷ѡ
ʱˮɱĲһ㣬ԽʹǽҪ¶ԸҶ棬ͻԽأ׼ʱͻԽá
ڣҶȱģʱ䡣
ǧɽˮˮԼԶˮռڣĵȴĥȥ˰ĵһ˿ġ
ܵˣҶ϶ʲôҪȻ춼ûκζ
һΣȴûУǧɽ飬񹫲һڵɲǣֱջʹӡɢȥˮ
ʮλüλϢ;һЩˮŵֱ̱ڵء
һġУǧɽ˵ɫͱˡ
Ϊˮռɢ֮ʱǾͷ·»ع˺Ĵ½һЩǽرҵǵϢ
ʱָϢ⣬Ƿ
УɫһɲǱޱȵѿ
ҶˮڴɱԼˮ
ߵˮʧߣȻʮԮ
ÿһϢУɫѿһ֡
ͻȻ䣬УͬʱһϵѪɫ˲ʾ
䡭
ٿˮӪȻƣ౻Ҷ湥ʱˮ󶼶Уһ̱ڵء
Ѳʹģһ߳һ˿Ѫ˿ŭҶӾȻ˼黬


2537 ̻ô
ġУǧɽͷ𾪣˿ѹ޷ݵġ
ǻҶ棬û뵽ҶѾɱķ
ΪǣϢԳһС統УղѶ޷ЧӦԣȻҶ޼ɵˮںҹ
ˣնɱҲƣΪ֮ˮӪδս
ۼǱߵӵӣ֪ʣ¶١
һɲǣУͷһͷ񱼶һֱԱ
ǧɽ͸ˡ
ȴǱߣһµˮҪģȴնƵϢ
ǧɽʵ࣬ʵǿҲǿȥ
ҶܹնɱǾʹţҶҲնɱǵ
óǧɽ֮ʱҲȻѣԺҶʱһҪССġ
Уұϸϻ£ܱĻɱһաĵ˾
ȴˮ󶼶У͵شһ飬У
ļǵİĿУΪʲôܣ
һεˮȻǱµˮ󶼶УէһƺֻǱľж
ʵϣȴĺ͢սϵһδ󵨳ԡ
ľĺ͢սϵƳĴˣ㱲ǽƳһսƽ֮⣬ͬʱҲΪһεĽеĸ˳
һεĽģ󣬵ȴôܴ˵ĺ͢еսɵһ̧ͷ
սʤЩĺ͢ΪսӰһֱηܵϼһǣҲһɨ־壬սɡ
սܣòĺ͢һսɣҪƴˣĽƻܱ
ңսܣһҪλİĶԣҲһ޴۵㡣
ԣء
Уδİ̫ӵ֮УһִʱҪλѲʹĻǰλѲʹնɱĿԶеġ
̫ӡУЩѵһĭһԼŵ飬鱨Ҷǰͳġʱ㣬ҲִǧɽûãҶ͵ִ
ǹҲҶֶͨΣ˶̵ʱڵִǧɽִġ
ǰ̫뿪ǸҶҪ֮ǰһٸϵǧɽδ
УϾˮ󶼶ˣ˼䣬ʱڰķŭ֮ǰæ
̫ӣ̫ǸҶ棬Ҷûٶ죬غ̫֮ܳܵǰ̫뿪ҶˣǧɽˮפˮҪһҶĶ֡
ȻҲλܹͬҶ棬ЩˣƴҲҶ棬Ǵ
һҶ棬Щͨˮ壬ɾˡ
УЩ˵У˵ĳǧɽһɵҲ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ˰ġ
Ҷնɱһ£ǵ̫ˡ
˲Ϣʧȥ˵Ҷ
ֻܾһ
һҪǾһҶôɵĻ
һɢȴҶĶ֡
ǲܷɢǼˮȴǷɢġ
£ɢˮꡣ
ɢԸⶾ֣
ȻҲܿʶһ㣬ҲӦ˹ǹżˡ
˿ҪȥҪҶٸǧɽǿɾƣڱˡ
һãߵĴҪʧء

գѲʹĺ޺޵һţһεĳ̾
ҶģлᣬҰͱɱ㡣
һʱ֮󣬵Ҷ֪ǵĺ֮ҲһεЦǴ
ʵҶļƻУµĲ
ҪǰļôҶ͹ʼʩٴδлתǧɽϿգŻɱһͨ
һһεУͳĺųǧˮ´ͽˡ
ΣҲǳ׽ˡ
û뵽УһСȴǵСĽҶļƻ޷óѡ
ʱ˿̣У밽ĵˣѾڼǧɽǱ߲۽Ȼ忪һ·ռ
оʽȴҲҶһ˿һĻᡣ
ҶҲûˮĶɨɾһпܵĺۼ֮󣬾ʹŽʧӰ١
Ҷɲʲôۼð׷źۼѰʥˮҶĴ¡
ֱº󣬰У˲Ž̵ĵִѾɷᡣ
Ҷ湥֮˷ԭûôưܵġ
ǣܱ߿һٶˮġ
Щ˷ˮǣҶ뿪ֿűƵŻ󿪣һͶ˼
ҶֻǽһЩˮڹεˡ
˵ǲƸͷһ߶Ź
Ҫཨ᲻ߣ´˿̵Ͳˡ
ȻģֻǿŲһѣʧҲѾʧѣУֻͷѡ
ǣһ·£ĳɹŽаУ
פĴˮˮӵӣǾȻֻ£ʮ
ңʮ򣬻Уľ񣬲ǱɱΪԭˡ
Уͷͬʱһͷ̻ô򣿡


2538 
һСſڣʮ໧΢̵ĺУϼҴڡЯϼҴڡŴСĻصһµ塣
Ŷû壬ͻȻͶûþд𣬾ͷ·»һ㡣
Щһǰγغش񣬶ʼ½غ塣
ȻһݹĹԱṩʳĿ겻ÿٻһͷһԸĹѣ˯̤ʵ
һӾͳ˻Ц
ͬһĻͣڱغݡ
ЦﱳҲǡ
Ϊ֪ͨͬʱݹְ䲼һȴǵͷѹһʯ
ˮľȻʱˮȻн½صĿԣݹ£Ǳְڵعϡ֡
ԱݹԸǨÿһİҷ֮⣬һ¸ʮĶҹٸѻĵء
ҪǰĿѹû˻ᡣ
Ǳݹһʮһݹûʳԣ°ӹԽԽãͳŹٸѾʼƻȥ֮ʣְǨ
ߵȻһУһСȫҪ
ûһεˮٽľǽˡ
Ȼ˵鱨У»ʮҵˮʱڵǧȻķ֮
ҪǣͶǿߣҲߴ˳ɣˡ
Ĵ½ϣսƴƴ
Ƕ̫࣬սҲûнеıҪ
Ȼ˵ǵǿߣҲҸʮϵĴӲͨ˵ѵ侫ءװ༫侫Ĵܾӡ
װ鱬ħԶװĴܾӡ
ˮľӣѹܹܾᲢۡ
֮ǰҶնɱ֮󣬾ĲòУ࣬ԭ
û֮࿹Ķоޱȵı
ο½ϣ㵽鲼ӺЩڴеˮʵҲһ̶ϼ٣ʱ򣬷
ٶˮӵʮޱȵ򺣾Ͱ򿤱صıǳ˵Ρ
Ǻͽˮ󶼶УѲʹģһεľء
ҲǣҲǡ
ֻںԼΪĥ󹤡
ңעԼٸҹȷɢÿԼѲʹıϾʱܱѲӡ
Щˮ壬ȻҶˡ
ˮڱݹ鱨֪֮٣Ҷ֧ˮ鱨ȴָơ
˵УµˮҪԱӣ©͸ɸһοУµĴУҶߣֱĲҪٶࡣ
˵ģ񱻳ΪŵԪˮХʵϾҶˡ
֮ǰĴսУԪˮХŸԣǰһΣˮԲԪˮХƶϣгЦ
ǣһαХ֮󣬳ˮʧأΨԪˮó
˺ΣһԪˮĽ飬ǧɽܱԼʱԪˮХһԼ
ȻļԼЧʣȫȴߡ
ȻɢԼಿӣ⵽ɱ
˵ХԼľȴ
óԪˮХ
ֱת֮£¾ͱضѯԪˮХ
ԪˮХûʸμˮ󶼶УٿĻ飬ڻ֮󣬳ȴὫһ㲻ٵ˵ԪˮХ
ȴûϵºԪˮХὫЩ鱨У˵شߣһԵһֲ͵Ҷ
˵ʵƾЩ鱨ҶҪһˮ󶼶Уȫ
ЩֶΣϸƻ֮£նɱУҲпܡ
ǣҶȴûô
ҶҪУţҪУµ½ٺˮǻš
ֻҪǻţͻἫ֤ʧܲΪǵܣΪǵĵҶֲ̫ϵˮ崫ҶǿͿֲ
Ǳĺ͢ҪɳҪϸӿ
ҪٴνΪʧܣľ׼ŸҾ
һҪʱɡ
ʱ䣬ҶĿǰȱٵġ
һ꣬꣬ˮٴξʱıݹ´ǰĴ
ʱıˮҲǰΡ
ʱҶ棬ҲǰʵҶ档
˵ҶıݹϽ£Ȼʮ򺣾Ԥ۲˵԰ڵ̨ĳѵĿҲʽ䵽
һ֮о򺣾пɿسǵĿټҶֶΣûбˮĴǧɱҶҲסġ
˵ЩʱڣҶȻʼ
ò˵ʵЩù
֮ǰԼսУˮսλ
ˮˮսˣȻбˡ
ĿǰΪֹʮˮڣȻа˴ˮҶƿ֮¡
м£ʮˮˮͻȫҶһϵ
ٹһӣµͻ᳹šһ֮£ǰδеǿ
ˮ󶼶УٶˮԪˮХϢѾˡ
׵ˡ
Ȼսʵϱ˱ȴһ
ȻսܵԭУͱЩḻˡ
Ҷʵ̫ǿҶƺ̫źѪȵȣ֮⣬սܵһΣõħϣԼԼΡ
޶ż°纣ȴضṳ̂Ͼ⵽˲ҰܣԱɵħ̫£˴δܵΣƵˮϡ
ˮͰܻȻҶǱ֮ڣҶ¶Ļᣬ½ս߰˳ɣ⵽ش
֪ħʦȨҲĬĬΪսѺԱħ̫µ̫
սȻʥڵħŭޱȣǰߵħʶ̫׷աħ̫ӴƸƶЦ
ֵܵڣˣȫսϳҶĴҶ˰̣ƺƽˡ
ֻǣħʶ̫׷ջħ̫Ӵƣ֪ǵܻ磬֮ǰҶѪ
ֻǳԿԵأҶԡ
˿̣絶һ
գܵһѵ⣬µ֪ħʦȨŬ£ħֻ̫ȻޱȵĴŲоԭ·ת
Ҳ֪ħ̫ˣ֮ǰ½·ԶʧܵĵڶʮһоܹۣܽĿǰ£ʮоưܵĳ꿤ǵĽۺµĴȴἰ
Ǳһڳ꿤ڡ
ҲֻҶħ̫»֪ħʦȨ֪Ҷĵ
˵ǵҪ


2539 
µʱ䲻࣬ںĴ½ϣȴַһӰ켫Զ飬𶯲ѡ
ܽė֮أ⵽ˮϮ
ڱˮ幥һ£Ҷ治ɽ¶ˮѹ˴
Ȼˮ屻ɱʬɽѪˮȾ˴󺣣û֪ɷƽ˾
Ǳ߲һ
һǧˮˣı꣬˳ű꣬ɱ˗ݵĳҶԲҶŷ
Ȼ˵ݿЩ䱸ɳۣΪСˮгͻҲûɳ۵ϵĳ̶ȡ
ݹгפݱ򣬸֮ڣĿ򣬶ʮ򣬿ڸصرҲǧ֮
ݽĳҶԲҶŷĿﵽʮ
ܽһ֮ؼȱ¿Բ֮ңʮפԲ㡣
˵ǿԼƵѲάִͳΡ
ͳԣҲ㲻ˣسе֮Ͼֻسǡ
£ܾҪسǣʮ֮
ǣǸ֮ҹˮ̤ˮһ·أֱɱǡ
¿ǰӵϽļˮһӿϣޱȵǡ
Ҷˮǰֻ˰ʱƳˣŷ翤Ǽֵʱˮǰһʱͷ
Ҳһʱѣˮɱ˿ڣڣʱѪˮ죬ԩɡ
̶һҹ֮䣬ͻѪˮüǧ֪
ݵİݾȴѸ٣֪֮̽ȴҲֻͣǰ
һǧˮƾݾ˵ġ
˼ǿͬʱֻܼأɱƽ
һأٹ𾪣س»Ȼ
ΪˮĴ󵨶𾪵ģҲΪˮĲ̶ŭģһҪɳƽĺ͢ССˮҷ
뷨õģվһԵĴܣԭ֮ǣħսϷ˴ĥռ˽ϸ֮ز˵ǣ˴ٳı
ĿǰΪķƽʮսУڶԭö
ħսķ߱ħ·ݡ·أΪħսıȱ𣬴ܳ˽ʮսɹȥ֮⣬Ҳȥһ֡
ʮսУϾ֮ǰȻƶûˣĿǰؽС
ǰĵϡĴţĿǰ˵սƽлܵսӿ֮ʹδûֹͣ
ǰڹ߹սڣսȴյ˹ڡ
һͻȻޱɵľء
Ȼܻٵı߾Լ޴ķػǵ˽
ֵˮͻȻ֮ʣ˾ӣЩ߾ҪλõؾȻãҶ
ڷ͹ǵľӣܿԵöԶˮⲻ˽ʣЩӣҪʱ䡣
ЩӼᣬִＯص㣬ٿսĵʱ䲻һ죬Ҳǲһ¡
ܷԱޱ򺣾ǰħս·Ͼ˴ꡣ
Щӵȥƽˮµȴȥİ׹Ƕ绯ˡ
һʱ䣬ؾȻޱɵľء
ûӦֶΣС
ʮľ񣬴ܻǿԽ͹ȥġ
ǣеľ񣬶򺣾һӲϰġ
ˮˮٲãһǧҲǸǵġ
οѾˮսʮɹȥһܹЩзĶӡ
뼯رƽˮˮ塣
ؼĽͷö֮࣬ʱͻȻһֵķзıҶ෽ʾһ£ԭ׼ɲɣǬϴ´һ¡
֮ǰȻСϢϣԼ࣬Ѳ˾ؼǿҸԤ£ǹ˸䡣
׼ཾᡢϣҶĻ죬ҪеˮһȨȵȡ
ܽسӢģʥġ
ڣͻȻôһת
Ⱥڵ۾ѩ仰ڴ˿̳
ԭ׼ǿĽɲɣΪ˴ܣѲǬȴ´
ֵԸʵ۵첻˵˴׼һְ
ԭҶ˵ˮħ年ᣬˮܴٽġ
Ȼ˵ĶģǷ˵ģͳ˼
ʥѵ˻
ԽԽңǽͷöغʹʥӼ¡ȴû̫ľЩˡ
ˮٽݣһǧˮҲͻѡ
ڴһٶݣǧѣࡣ
ǣλʥӼ¡صĸ߹ǣһ⡪ͷ
ˮٽݲɹֻһͷ
һһͺ˿־Ըٶ⡣
ƽ˳ôˮ忪ʼĿŵĽˣǸˮͬƽ˳أ
Щǰ̤ƽеĸأ
ҪǶˣǴܡ
ҪǣˮνаЧӦȻһֲЧӦǽƣ
Ҫܿɾġ
һʱ䣬ܵʶ֮ʿعԱзеʶ֮ˣʼŰޣ
ôͲҶأ
ôͲŴ׼أ
Ǻ֮ǰѲ˾ؼѹµĻһ˵˳֮ƣ͵ر
һΣѲ˾ؼ࣬ȴôҲѹסˡ
ͬʱλʥ⼸Ҳͷ
۹⣬ȻҪѹȥҪݺݵ֮ѹȥķ
ǽƵЧӦһ֣ʼ¡ͲĿǰһ˵ˣһãǴ֮ܵ˵ʲô书ᱻĶڴܵĳϡ
˵ʵҶǰЩ͵Ǳ׵ˮħӰʼ¡ѵġ
֮ʼ¡Ҳš
Ǹʼ¡ʱ̫ˣЩ罻ͨؿڻð죬Ǵܵĺߣ̫ˡ
οĿǰıŵ˼㡣
˾֮£ʼ¡ͻȻ뵽Ҷ档
ҶҲһǴ
һҶսԿռóʼ¡һӻ
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һʮľֵ񣬿תս¡
һ뼰˴ʼ¡һ
ʱҶû취ҶֲأǾ͸ˡ
ΪջǽӵԺ볯سȫǰ¡
ҲżĿǰԶˮⲻ˽ʣɸҲΪ֮
һɴضڱŽ˰죬գƽԳ¯ˡ
ν¹ѻڴΪδ׼ոΣΪ̵ʱóҰ֧֣¾˾Զ
ˮľսĻߴΪÿʮ˾ȸСһ˾ʮһʮ뾫ڳٶȱݣ֮ƣƽˮķ
һҰȻ
Ǵʾ伡⣬ͬʱҲ¶˴ܾľȡ
д׼Ĵͳ
ԣһεεڶȨ
ͳ˧ɾƼŸųü
˾ʱϢҶ棬ȴ֪ĳ˴֮ܺķݣ
һ壬Ŀǰڷݣ


2540 ԶȲ
Ҷ治֪һħ֮䣬ʲôЭ顣
ǣ鱨սԶδһʹħõ˷ݵ֮أңһĶӧȴǳפݵ֮ء
ҶһΣصλӧġ
ԭҲܼ򵥣Ҷȥ硣
Դ֪¿ܳһ壬Ŀǰڻ֮ҶһֱͨѰһλã˵ǰ硣
׼ʱ֮󣬵һʱǰѰҲ¡
ۿҶڳʱˣôǰ磬˵ģûжͷ
˵λû˵ǰ磬뵱ܽ磬һ̤ƽйء
ڴ֮ܵ»һ壬ǽŻˡ
ھŬ֮󣬴ܵľȥûãһһĿ顪Իͨ
ʱĻŲƿռͨȫˡ
ˣκҪִ磬ֻһַջڻеĿռλ£ڻг;ִ⣬˺ĿռֱӴ롣
ϣΪﵽӵڻͨе
ǣڻа棬һһ֮Ļеľ룬ǵǿߵнʱ䣬ͨҲΪλ
漸ʮϰڻҵһ磬Ǻܳ顣
ͨĵǿߣڻнʱ⣬ǿ֧ţڻյδ֪Σг;漸ʮϰ꣬ǵкڵǿߣҲǹǺ
ַͨʽԸĳ·Ҳ̶϶Ŀܡ
Ȼ˵ҪԭǴܾ̫Ϭԭ򣬻һ岻뱯ݣʱܵĴǿв
Ͼھ棬һܱͺñө땉֮
һҪԭǣʱĻ羭ֵܾĴݲ֮ʵǳز˵˿Ҳһǳֲĳ̶ȡ
£һ岻Զˡ
ԻŲƿռͨϾ˴ģֵĿܡ
ң˵Ǵģ֣ԻŲƿռ֮ͨСģֶòܡ
ܹͨճ;ִģֻһСˡ
Ի統ʱʵֻǿӦġ
£ԻٿռŲ֮ͨİΪĻһ˷Ϣıʱ䡣
֮󣬾֪Ϣһǲ֪꣬ǴܣҲôˡ
û뵽һȴħɱ˺Ĵ½
һħпܼ򵥣ǻһܹںĴ½ʹŻһȻܹһռŲͨ
Щ죬ҶͨѲ˾ͨɳϵˣҵܴڵ¹ǰĿռŲͨ
ǣҶȴһ
Ψһջ񣬾Ǵõ˴صеĻڻеľλꡣ
λ꣬ҶĿǰʵԴӻվ;ִ硣
ʱ䣬СèҲʮ깦⻹һ˳
˵ʵΪ˲£˵ʮ꣬İʱ䣬ҶҲԸ
ǣҶ浣˫ϵΣȴĲʱ䡣
һߣȴҶȻֱʮˣҶȻȲˡ
Ҳٵȥˡ
ԣֻܵ뻢ıƤˡ
Ŀǰһӷݵõ֮طֱϷ㿤㿤
ִ֮Ҷ沢ûмȥһĶӧ
ȹ۲˻һռҪʲô
Ⲣѹ۲죬ΪһĶԡ
̶̴ʱڣһȻ֮ڣ˳ʮģСͬ
ڹģֻһ߲ʻ
Ϸ㿤߲ʻΪ걸
ֻǸԶԶģҶΪһֱֲӵĸо
һ幩߲ʻĿģҶǿ϶ΪԸ
ԸνۡҪ˯ߴӳ˯Ҫ
ֻ۷ĴҪͻƳΪ컯˵Ĺؼ
һ߲ʻǿȿڵİÿ߲ʻ񣬳ԸľٶҶ涼⡣
һٶҶȴЩס
һ֮УͨķţѡǻһŮ
һ㣬ҶҲǼʥŮһ˵ҲƵá
ʥӡʥŮֻŮһֻͨһ
ǣһڶ̶̰䣬ʹ֮ѡһˣŮˡ
⣬ӲڴĴѡ
ĿǰħռţȻħ忪ʼתռǳصߣ紦𺣡
֮£һͳε֮أֱԴ
ÿ춼дһ֮Уһ߲ܣֻҪܹ߲ʻٽǵİţӡŮɸѡͿԡ
ѡϵŮһãûѡϵģҲṩԺȡصȵȣ߼ֱõ˼㡣
ЩٺĴԣǺ¡
ҶȴôҲ벻ףһ壬⵽Ҫʲô
ɻҶ滹ǾԼļƻ¡
û취ħǱߣҶ֮ǰڱʱħ̫º֪ħʦȨΪвǸ֪һĿռŲͨ
ǣħ̫֪ħʦȨ벻֪
֪ħʦȨԣħһ壬ſϵʽȴûеִĿռŲͨ
һΣڴɺЭ֮󣬻һֱӰԼںĴ½ġ
ôģҲ֪
߲ʻ⽨ΪµĻ鹬⣬ҶûʲôֻǷųһ˿̫׵Ϣ˲Ϣ;ʮλĵϰλĻˡ
㣿ѪӽսսĻһˣͼסҶǻһͨϮĴ壬Ҷǿʵ˲Ϣһٴһ
ҪǼҶͨһ
Ҷֱӵ⣬ЩһĸһͬʱȴưЦҼҶܼģ
ңǾµ򺣾ඣҶЦǺշݵġ
һЩһĸ֣ʱͲˡ
򺣾ƣѾս֤ˡ
򺣾޵еģǻһȴܹס
ͻȻ䣬ĽЦӻ鹬
ҶԪ˧ûῪЦ򺣾շݣշշΪ򺣾޵𣿡ǻӧ
ֻҪ˧򺣾棬ڰ֮ڣܹڷݾڡ
£ҪҪԣ
Ҷᣬȴ羪ף˲ϢͶĻ鹬ûҲ鹬⣬ƾһ㺮˪Щһĸ֣ý֡
⺮˪ģǻ鹬ڵһ̾ҶԪ˧ȻǱʥ֣ұҪűһ
СĸΣɾסҶԪ˧ţ
ͻȻͱȻޱȣҶԪ˧ԶҪȲ裬빬տַ裡
ҪűҶԪ˧Ƚ򺣾ܲŵ˵
һɲǣҶЦԶȻҪȲģ
ӰһҶʮӣֱ鹬ڣ


2541 Żǲţ
ǻе裬ǳԻͩˮǻӧӻϬȪ
裬͸ŲˮҶУӧµٻӰȻԼԼĿʼغϡ
һִֻشɢӰҶͷ΢΢һ
ǲ·ֱ̫ãôһɲǵӰȻҶͷЩᡣ
ӧԪǿޱȣɫԪ飬Ҷһɲǵ񲨶ķˡ
ǻӧɻ͵ݹȥһˮҶ
ȻòҲҶΪĹˣӦòΪò𾪰ɣ
ҶԸ֪һ棬͸˼ĻӧһôҲ벻ͨɻ
ӹ̵Ĳ豭һڵĲ㣬һڣϢ븹ɢȻֱţ˾һҶ治ɵʶ̾ò裡
ӧҶ˲ˮŵҶԪ˧ðרΪⱭɣ
費Ƕ»ӭҵȡһҪ졣ҶЦŷ˲豭
Ǻ£
ף
ףӧһ˿֮ɫҶԪ˧ԡ
»شҶĳһ⣬¾Ҷĳֻ˵򺣾ΣҶʵ
һӧ򺣾νǿҶԪ˧Ϊδͻǰǿ߿⣬ΪͻƵҲǵеٮٮˡ
ǿٮٮ𣿡
Ҷ͸ŲýӧùŹ֮
λµ򺣾ҶԪ˧רܵķ֮ǰɣ
ɻ䣬ҶֿˣҶĳ̶һ⣬Ҷ򺣾µȫ׼һ֮أ¾ʤΣ
һӧϵ֮ɫȥ͵ֱӣӢ֮͸
ҶԪ˧ΪһһŴģ
ǣ
Ҷҡҡͷýӧв˹֮ɫҶŸֵһȻŴģȴһᱻҶĳඡ
ӧҶ˵ŪЦѣûʱҶԪ˧ǲ
ҶԪ˧¾뽲£ݹֱͿˡ
һ壬˴γںĴ½ĵ֣϶£һһλǧһǧһλ
֮ǰսսģĿǰһǧʮλҶĳ˵
£ӧɫرˣҶ澹ȻǻһʵĿһ˿һ
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Ҷûӧý˵ʲô˼˵һһ˴εıٲ𣿡
ӧطһЦýҶԪ˧֪˵һһ깥츳ͨδĸǾеľ񣬱˵򺣾ʮ򣬾һҲ¡
οֻҪѶһפڷݵʮħһհ빦ܵһĵ֣վִܵ
ңħʶ̫̫ҶԪ˧Ϣ¶ǳ˵Ԯ
ҶԪ˧򺣾Ϲȴģһ޵
ӧһԷĿһɱؾҶ棬ߣҶԪ˧ˣһһĿǰıӪ־һλ
ҶԪ˧̶Ѩвһһ壿
ɱܱмʮϢҶ棬ҶɱŵЦݣΪɱ
̶ѨҴáҶ̸Ц糣
Ҫԣм£ҪҶԪ˧һӧɱӿȻȸԾ֮ƣ⣬ҶϢĵϢȴԽԽࡣ
鹬ڵϢһɲǱýޱȣսһ
׵ģڻӧҶ棬ͻȻʧˡ
ɲǼ䣬ٰۻޱȵĵϢڻ鹬ڷɨ
ûӧޱȾȵǣҶ治ʧˣϢҲһ˲Ϣƾʧˣͷ·ûһ
ӧͷһĪĺ⣬Ҷûı£Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣ
һƣӧµĽٻһĵͷһڻ鹬ϵ£ǧ
ǷΧ˻鹬֮⡣
˴ʱ֮һڸһ
֮£ӧ˻֣ҲֻЩɢȥԼ˼Ҳ׼뿪
Щɻ󣬷Ҷ治˵ҪôͻȻˣ
Ҫ뿪鹬֮ʣҶͻȻʹı𣬡£黹û̸أôˣ
⼫ͻأֱӽӧһҲԪΪǿ񾭼ͣҪȻһ£ųë
㡭㡭ͻأڻ鹬ڵҶ棬ӧ˹һ
ͬʱ˷Χ£ĵϢҲһҲѣȻòᡣ
鹬ſǵص㣬žͲû׳ˣҶǴðģ
鹬Ҷĳԣ͸ûʲôССһѣٴĽӧɫһ䣬ҶֵڣûȤ̸ȥ
Žӧתһɢȥ˷ĵҶУһĨʤЦ⡣
ʵ죬ҶҲղһѡ
һλԪޱǿͶɫԪĵǿߣҶܲ
˵һٸֻҪ˵깥УҶ治ɢҲػԡ
ǣһԪǿ츳ͨҪԪ֮ϣĿƺ⣬Ҫһˡ
ţҶֻһ˲ʩչݶصףȻڼ̵ʱڶռ΢ڵص״ϵСֻøϵһ£΢ڣٵһ
Ӧʵޱȵֲϵ˭⣿
˭еû¸ɽֲϵڳһһεϸ飿
£ȻҲҶˡ
Ҫ̸ʲô֮󣬻ӧȷʣǰ𾪣ӧȻղȫһ
򺣾Ҷ仰ýӧ͵رòȻҶ˵һֶ̫򺣾ӧɫԻ
Ѳ𣿡Ҷʵ
ȻܶĴɱӣܻܲǻһʱɳɱҾҪ죬ŵһһܣ֪ܲ
˵ͻȻһЦݱ֪ڵĴܣû˰ɣ
ж٣Ҳ˵¿֪򺣾жжѲ񽫣
ӧüͷһ㣬治˽⣬ѪսսʱħǱߣҲ˽⡣
򺣾ӦûаɣѲ񽫣ҶԪ˧Ӧʮҡӧ˵
˵ҶĳλѲ٣ѲǧŻǲţҶٴЦ
ҶͻȻʵûӧԥҶȴûٿǵʱ䡣
Ҷĳó򺣾ֻλѲ񽫣ǧѲԣµĹ򣬱ܽǧʮˣնɱ˳ɣ֪Żţ
һӧһ͵ص˸ԲŲɫ͸Īĵģһʱ䣬ǱҶһȻû


2542 ս
ܣ
Բܣ
ӦĻͻȻޱȼᶨһ˿֮ɫǰҶ棬ȻŪ
ǶĿǰĴܣҲź˽⡣Ѳ˾Ѳȷʵǣ޿ռ䷨ŵѲ񽫣ȴ
ݱ֪ܵ࣬ȫǱߣѲ񽫣ǾԲ
Ѳ񽫣
ӧһЦѲϴǧǿʱѲҲûгһλɣ
ҶԪ˧ֻѲϴǧµһ·Ѳʹѣ˵ӵʮλѲ񽫣Ƕݳˡ
ҶŻӧһĴָ½Ĳ£Щ⡣
ҪȻҲֲطӳڵ򺣾£˵ǲǣ
ŽӧȻŵĿ⣬Ҷ̾һȻˣҶĳ͸֤һ¡
ô֤ӧЦʵ
ҶȴŻش𣬷Žӧ¶»ۡ
ߣӧǸһ˿Цǰֻ֪ҶԪ˧ñ񣬽һȴַ֣ҶԪ˧ϺŪ˵ĹҲһġŲ֮ɫ
ҶҲֱ棬ֻЦЦָһĨһĨͼͳҶӧǰӧɫ΢΢һ䡣
ͼǱģһĿǰռݵķϷ㿤㿤ͼ
ֻҶָ㣬ͼ˲Ϣͳ˰˾Ÿ㣬ȻŻӧЦѡһصɣ
ѡصʲôڵĵص㣿ӧ˲Ϣ;ɵĿҶ档
ѡһ֪ʲôˣҶǼ֣ǴŵĳĪǶָڵͼϵһǲң
Ҷ⻰ӧˣҶóһͼֱעļδ֪ص
ͼϵһ£ܽصĨƽˣ
Ŀһӧָͼеĳһ㣬ѡ
ܺã
ҶЦŵ˵ͷȻһ֣һѶʹҶз˲ϢԶȥʧ
һĻûӧ׷ʲô˼˭Ѷ㵽Ҫʲô
²õģղǵѶֻѡ񣬷һֵźš
ʲôֵźţӧ͵վޱȡ
ҶȴǺ鲻˵²Ҷĳ֤һѲ񽫵ʵҾ͸֤һ¡
һӧɫش䣬ɱ𣬡㵽ҪʲôĿȴĶҶǸͼϷŵǸλãӺλжϳµķλ
ֻ⸱ͼϳ˼Լĵ⣬ûжıʶ֮˵󲻴󣬵ҲĹ㣬һʱ䣬ӧȻϳ
ҶٴһĨͼһãһΣͼȴ˵ʶ
·ѡĳƺأϷ㿤һҪ㣬Ҷĳ̽飬פһһٽһǧľͶפذɣ
һΪҶԼ֮صľľӧ˿ٱҲǷӦˡ
Ҫƺأ
ҪѲ񽫣ƺأ
ҶǸ鲻Цݣ²ţҶĳֻѡط֤һˡ
㣡ӧ͵ᣬޱȾһʱҲòˡ
Ҷ˵ǣǲأ
ԥʱҶֿˣ޶ˣڸƺصפ֪ͨһ£Ӧûü
ӧʹĽҶĽ飬£Уޣǻһÿһˣɶ
һӧʹӴռȡһöľоɵľԲ̣ɫԪӿɲǣľоɵľԲ̣ʹ⻪
ĹľоԲУһۻ
ƺؽ֮ѵʾ
ۻýӧ԰бһҶ棬ϸȴ˿ȫս䱸ҪСĿռ䲨СĴɱ
ռ䲨ռɱ֮һݣǵõʲôϢ鱨ɷ˵پһ㡭
һ㡯ֻδ˵꣬ľоԲУͻȻʹһƺߣ͵Ѫ
ɲǼ䣬ӧɫ䣬ޱȵĿɨľо̣ȴҷκ
ӧƺǵؽ֮һλĻˣ˿ܵǿеĹһˡ
ֹУһ˿һķĶܵʧܡ
ԣӧ˿ȻżҲҷκý֮ġ
һɲǣڻӧԣʱǶ꣬ÿһɲÿһϢޱ
ҵǣսƺûг̫ʱ䡣
ԼĪľоԲУŴ˳ƺؽ֮Ŵ
£Ϯ
ʲôĵˣӧʵ
һλ
˿أô
±ͻϮܴᣬΣ
ûҴɱ˲ȥΣʧˣȫѰ
һɲǣӧ֣һҪСģκδ⡣
ϣϼееˣһ𣬽ӶУǾû͵ϮĻᡣ
ǣϾȥ졣֮ǽţһֱ˿̶δ
ľоԲ̵ͨжϣӧȴһ˪ĿҶ棬ʲô˼㵽Ҫʲô
Ҷ޹һ̯֣Դ˸ףǶ²ţֻ֤һ¡
˵ţҶ滹𽪻ӧ²żò˶ãǱ߾ͻս
һӧɫٴδ䣬ʼЩעеľоԲƣõµϢ˿ȴϵŵڹؼʱ̵Ľ֮
ôֱ˿̣ӧЩҶĻ
£²Ѳ񽫣ѲǧҶ˵
ӧҶ˵ǣЩţҶ˵Ŀʵ̫ˡ
ɻ䣬ͻȻһ䵽ҶС
Ҷ΢΢һЦų彪ӧе򣬡սˣ벻֪
һԣӧĺüٽ
սնƺؾлһĽͷʮĿţնɱǧˣֻ˳ƺؽ֮
Ҷ滹һ䣬ⳤƺؽ֮Ǳ˧ֻ˲ɱģűһ
ˣΪյ˽֮ߣҵֲɱ֮ǿжµѲ˾»һ
սµѲ˾ɺδˣ
ⲻܣҲţ
ӧ౻߬סһʹļ
£Ͼˡ
ҶĻأӧеľоԲ̾˹⻪󣬳ƺؽ֮ʹޱȵ


2543 
£⵽˴ѲѲԵͻȻɱȫûĿǰܹߵˣʮˡ
ҶľӧԲţԸ˽֮Ļ޷š
ݼ˲ϢûӧˣֱӴľ
¸⼸֮ٴ½Ĵ½Ļһԣһ޴ޱȵʧ
ħսʱһ岻ʧ˶ѣǣýӧ۲ѡ
ڣɶ¶ûɣҶ촽һǻһнһǧһ˱ɱ
ֱˣ
ݵ𾪹󣬻ӧ͵ؾͱˣһӣĿԲɣɱҶӿ
Ҷģ㾹Ȼ¶֣졭˵أӧҧǿ졣
ǽӧȵʱ˷ٴα˽ٵϢһΣٵϢǺεֱҶ档
λһĵ˿Ȼڽӧ͵⣬׷ŭҶ棬ֻҪӧǾԻڵһʱȥҶȭ
ţ˽ľ룬ҶͨҲ޷ڵһʱܿɣ
ǻһҪҶඣȻˣҾͽµѲ˾ʩչˡ
Ҷᣬȴ羪һ㣬˽ӧͷֱûӧˣֱӽɱûˡ
ǻһפ֮ڵҪ֮أһפǣһ룬ǧΪλפƺҪ֮ء
£Ҷвǳз
ڷţ̶ʮʱ䣬ƺصһǧ˾ͱĽɱ
ٶȥ𣬿Ĳλ֮ǰĻ˿ҲҪʧˡ
Ҫǣֻǧûǧշĵ
ҶҪǻµѲ˾ǻһ岻ݣǻһȫ֮ڣͳͳֻбɱһ
ڣֻ̣
ָ߬ţֱ߬¶ӧŻΣһ֣ôĽٵȥˡ
ôǲǣ
Ҷ沢ûΪӧķŭ˿⣬ȫ֮ɫ
Ҷôһʣӧзŭ֣Ҷȴֿˡ
ôǻһ壬һǧˣ¾ܲˣɱҶ죿
ǣ
ӧҧ촽ҶԪ˧Ѫһ죬һ
ܲˣ
Ҷ¶Ȼ֮̾ɫôǲ˲ǵ֮µĴ񣿡
˵Ѫս֮أ֮µĴܾûһҲʮˡ
ɱҴʮϵľǻһһǧˣܲˣ
ǲһӧ¶Ȼޱȵ飬Щ屰ѪôܸҵĻȣʱҶǰջǸ֡
ҶȴǺ޹˼ɵĽ˵ˣһͬǵһԴ˻һʬ壬ܸ߹
һ
ӧ߹ޱȵļᶨһģǵѪǵĳǵġ
ҶȴǲͷҡҡͷȻô߹󣬾Щ壬Щ߹Ѫ̤䳾
仰ʱûӧҪʲô
ɱ˶
ң
ӧȴҶ治мһЦǰΣʲôҵģ
ӧͫһˡ
ˡ
Ȼ˵ҶµѲ˾ȫһǧྫӢʵۣ̫ܡ
ѲֻѲԣֻǿռͨǿһ㣬޵еġ
ֻҪһ㣬УǿԵġ
ƫƫսʱ˿̣ݲýӧ¡
ǻһ壬ʧ
Ҫʲô˵Ҫʲôӧ֮ǰĻ⣬һֱ
ߣһ壬̥ҺĴ½壬ȻǺĴ½屰˾٣ʲô𣡡
Žӧ棬仰Ҷͷűޱȵĳ졣
仰ʵѪսʱˣʱȴûᡣ
ʹˡ
ֱĻӧԲɣ鼸ڱߵıԵˣ״Ҷſڡ
ϾŴµģΪһıʤѿ֮˴¡
ӧ룬ƺǵһǧһٻһڶ̶ʮʱڱɱȷʵèġ
ҶȷʵİȥµһʮλѲ񽫣ǧѲԣԼСèʹ͡غڸһõͷͻϮ
罪ӧ룬ʵѲ񽫣ǰ֮ǰûжôĿ¡
ǣһ״һĴ͡Ǿȫһˡ
ڴͨ׼ȷλԤ£ѲѲ񽫼Ƕһһľȷɱģʽ̵ʱɱһǧ񣬺˽ӧ
սģʽֲУһгֵ׼Ͳôˡ
ңҶǰѲ˾Ҳһ˿
ʵϣҶµĿǰΪֹȻֻзİһˣѲ񽫣ˣʵĿֻ˵һ١
ѲԣĿǰǧˣҲûҶŵǧ֮ࡣ
ѲѲ񽫣̫ˡ
Ҷ֮ԿĿӧµѲ˾вĻһĸֳǡ
н׵ء
Ҳˡ
ҵҪ󲻶֪࣬ǰĿռŲ·ߺֻͨҪ¸ҾͿԳز֮ڵѲ˾֤ʮڲٽ
ҪҶĿ;ĿŻӧҶǣӧ֪ҶҪ󣬲û̫ŭֻЩ⣬ż
Ҷͷһʱһжϡ
Ĵ½֮䣬ĿǰûнֱõĿռŲͨ
ҪȻӧҶҪ֮󣬷Ӧ϶ޱȵľҡ
Ϊһͨ¶˿Ļһԣ֮Σ
ôĴ½֮ĿռŲͨܿǷǳֻۣǷǳģڻһеĿռŲͨ
˰ΣӧüʵҶԪ˧Ҫȥǻ磿ֻǴҪٴνǻ磿
ܴʱ˿̣нľ𣿡ҶЦҲ㣬ȥ硣
ҶԪ˧Ҫȥʲôӧʵ
ȻڲͬɫԪйأЩ⣬뵽ҵĳˣܽҶ˵
ޣӧ¶ɻ֮ɫҶԪ˧˵˵ɫԪʲô⣬ڻλݲͣӦÿԽҶԪ˧⡣
һ𣿡
ҶЦų彪ӧָѡ񣬸ȥĿռŲֻͨߣµѲ˾֮شɱ䣬ɱҹɱǲҳǰ벽


2544 һ
ĿҶָӧãޱĿڡ
ҶԪ˧ôţҽӧв
ҶԪ˧ѵͲܿЦһĴ½֮ĿռŲͨ¹һһľ尲ȫôܻύ㣿
˵ǽҶԪ˧Ѳ˾ͷĿҶԪ˧вЩ˰ɣӧ˵
ӧ˵ҶԼжȴǸӵš
ȣҴû˵һвһף˫һס
˵ռŲͨҪвһľ尲ȫ¶ͲҶĳ˵ˡ
ǻһٻһһֶΣҶĳ˺Ƭɣ
Ҷ⻰˵ýӧ΢ҶֲҶĳ²⣬Ĵ½ĿռŲͨǹ̶İɣ
ӦʱԵĿʱıĿռŲͨɣ֪λãǻһҲʱı
Ҷ仰ýӧһ䣬ȴǱҶ˵ˡ
Ƕδ̫Ļػ磬µҲÿɣ
ڶĽҲŲõӰ졣˵Ҷһֵ̯ԣ˵ˣҽֻǽһĽ׶ѡ
ޱȴǲηĻӧĿҶ漸ۣͻȻЦ
ǷˣҶԪ˧ǾһףƤϵĹҲޱȣվȻҶԪ˧˵ˡ
ҽҸ˵һС⣬˿ԲҵѲ˾ƴҲǺÿĴ£ֶΪأҶ˵
˵Ҳǣ
ɢŵĴЦ⣬ӧӦ£ס
׵ĹУӧ鶼Щˬ
˭вŴһչЩˬģϸϻûġ
磬΢ӧҶԪģʮڣҶµѲ˾ٶϷ㡢֮صĻ˷ɱϮ
֮⣬ҶһԼҪҶ淴Լһ彫Լӳȥ㹻ҶԲ˶ˡ
νĺԼҶǩĻǺģҪǰĺԼҶ滹ã׳ȥҶжôǾ֪ˡ
ֻ˵ǻһϢֹͨڻ̫ãĿǰĴµı仯˽̫ˡ
ͬʱӧҲǻĴ½ĿռŲͨ£˵Ҷ档
ҶƲûĴ½ĿռŲͨȷʵǹ̶ԵŲͨ
һڻһУһʱرպƶλõʱռŲͨ
ȻʱռŲͨλãӧҲҶˡ
һöӦλ
Ҷʲôʱȥˣʹ߶öӦλǰӦеλãȻٳʾΪͿԽǸʱĿռŲͨ硣
ˣǽˣ½ӧҶ滹Ǵҡڵ뿪˻鹬
Ҷ뿪һĵŮޣͳڻ鹬ڡ
£ôŷ£ҶʵĿġ
ң½ʱռŲͨҶ棬ǲ̫ˣһġ
֣ռŲͨǲҶʵĿģҲ޷ȷҶɫԪûг⣬Ҳ֪٣ǣȴȷҶ棬ȥ磡һŮޣս⣬ǽӧߵˣҲĸһ¡
һǽɫһ䣬ǹ»ʱռŲͨǽҶĻ硭
֣֮ǰҸҶ棬ɫԪȻѰ˵ǡӧܽ˿ſĵԵĴס˻ͷ
Ȼ⣬˺ȥȴԼߡ
۾ȴ͵һ˵
ûҾȥأֻҪȥ˻磬е޵ʰʱֻҪҶ뱾УǼ£ǺĴ½£Ƕֻкôûл
ӧĻý۾ԽԽ֮ʣͻش
ʥӵ£Եһ£ͨ
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֮ɫӽӧһţƤһļһӧᡣ
ȻǺĴ½ĺôඡ
ӧӦһ䣬ʥĿȻĲͣڴѰȻǸҶ棬ˣ
ӭŽӧʵĿ⣬ʥæ͵ǡ㣬·˵ǸҶ洳˻鹬æ˹æû뵽ҸϵȻˡ
ԣӧǷ䣬ʥĻ湻ʱģҶ涼ҡڵĴһ鹬뿪ˣʥӲ
̵ĻʥɫЩæ͵ӧᣬֻ;һ㲼ãˡ
ʥѹ֪ӧڷˡ
ʥӵĻȴýӧͷظ˺棬ޣ֪ʥʲôã
һãʥپǷĵĵ⣬ӧģһΣܹҶһڶ
ڽӧע£ʥȻһΣҶǾ޷Żתġ
ޣΪʲôӧɫѹͷľ⣬е׷ʡ
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ǺҶɱˣǶԽӧԣļƻҶ潫иҪá
෴ģҶҪˣûõģǿѹż׷ʡ
ʥȴֻŹӲ˵ûӧ޲ñʥһͨ
ӧͷİɣò˶ãҶѶͻᴫˡ
ֻǣѶ֮ǰ£һ治ܸ˵͸һȺϢɡ
ûǹ򣡡šһĽӧʱʧֻʥЩƣӧôͻȻͲأ
ɵգӧͻȻͷӦ
ҶΪҶŸ棬Է鼱֮£ȥʾ
ɵգȴַӦȥĸҶʾأ
ңҶĹϵȥʾҶҲδš
·֮£һתϷ㿤ڡ
ʱͻȻ俴߲ʻƫǰƺһȴǸ£ļŮܣܵȴǲڡ
ӧ֣ЩŮʱͰûϢЩŮĻ˾ͷ󺹵ĳˡ
ӧҲǹµĻ˽ЩŮȫٺãᣬͷѵˡ
ôµģ
֪֪ЩŮ¹ǻһܣǳʧôģ
֪֪Ϊʧ󣬵ЩŮִˣǵʱǻһǧˡ
ӧһѵ⣬ǻѵͷ󺹣ѵֱӹˣҲˡ
ӧŷŹ˴ˣһתٴȥ
һӻϣӧͷ˺ܶ࣬ʥӸҶ£Ҳͨˡ
ҶҪôɱܻڵʥ
һ룬ӧˡ
ǣӧ֪ǣѵˣ뿪Ǵƫʱڵص׵Ҷ棬ȴһɻ
ЩŮȻغһûӧȻӣ
ڵص׿һĻҶ棬ͻȻͶԻһռЩŮȤ
Ҷ֪ЩȥͨޱȵŮôӰ쵽һأ


2545 ͨ
ҶѵпУַһȤ飬ԳڻһƵϷԵʥ顣
ҶʵǺܺ棬ЩȥͨŮôڻӧĿУͳӰ쵽һĴأ
ӰһĴ£Ҷɵúúò飬Եɣ˵ܹһؼʱЧأ
߰Ҷ淢֣һռƵ֮ڣģֻ
һƽ֮صǻһ߲ʻ
ΪˣһĵǣϧȥһЩŪͨ˵İϷ
缸ͨͳĻһӲҪ£ÿޱȵȥ߲ʻ쵽߲ʻ㵻ݡ
ÿһ£ȥ߲ʻڼ˾Ĵ£߲ʻһޱȵķ㵻ݡ
ǣģһڵʱǷϣ¾컯˵棬Ҳ
ǻһӲԵǿԵĵݣ֪мӣϵġ
һֶͳˡ
ÿһεڼ˾µĵ߲ʻʱ˾ᵻݵмһ۵Ҫ
ǰݵͽǣڳĵʱһԸԸʱ򣬱Ĭű飬Ȼĵݣ߲ʻܵͽϣȻͻͨͽԸ
һĵʵ뷨Ǽѵ֪ģǻһ徫ͨͨطһˣоһͨ츳ͨ
ͨȷĸӦԪΪԼ͵ԣԣһֱָıȽǿһ߲ظͷֻĬ֮¡
һЩͽĬ˾ŴεԸͻᱻһⰲŵͨͨ߸֪ˡ
Ȼ߲ʻļ˾ѡٲֱȽװ쵽ԵԸЩͽʵ֡
бǿȹǣѹ̸ϣǳĵݶ̸ϣΪ˻װװӰˡ
ǣ˳Ը£һɵģԸֲԿϵģҪأǾ׬ˡ
ԣ˲ǲͽûģ˳˸Ը
û죬ÿͻȻһС˻ϲصľϲĴϲֵĸᣬ߲ʻµԸ⣬ʵˣʵˣ
ȻһͨΧۡ
е̱ڴĸףͻȻվ
енľˣͻȻ׷ڣÿؼĺӣһҹ֮Īĺˡ
ɵ˼ʮĶɵӣһҹͻȻͿϣɵˣһ˱ͷʹޣֿ˻
еǶڼǰļǧĴɽͻȻ俪һ죬ĴǰͻȻͶһƽ̹
еǴڵĿݾͻȻðȪʡȥ˴Ҫܵʮˮȵࡣ
ֵı仯Щˡ
ЩԸʵֵĴʹװģϵͽиТӣ˿ߡ
ЩԸûʵֵĴʼ˼ΪʲôԼԸûʵأ
ȫ˵ļ˼£׷ҵһͳһĴ𰸡ǲϣģǵյĵװģġ
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Ǳ֣߳һΣҶ汾ٴ󣬱ٶ࣬Ҳǲӣɣ


2546 Сè
鱦ʮԪ챦ܴһֱûлָԭҶǷǵ򲻵ѣᶯðԪģõ̫ർƼأ𲻿תˡ
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ԸճϾɱݺᣬӿ춯ҶĸоУؼˮľϵȻҶԪоȫʧ
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˻ĳ㡢ļ˵𾪣Ҷһͷй֮Уʧ


2547 ƻ
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컯͵Ķ֮£κοռݷЧģ޷ռġĳһš
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2548 ˷
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ҶһߣĳͻȻ;ǰĿռƺ˼ı仯
ļ֮ľ룬˲Ϣ䱻˼Զĳ̶ȣм仹˲Ŀռݡ
Щռݲǿ֮ͿԺơ
ǣ˿ǵĸӦУǰĿռݣ˿̾Ȼгɰǧء
Ҷƿռ֮һ˲Ϣ佫ļһ컯ͯ͵ռһͷ

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2549 Сͻƺ
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ȻǸᣬҲܹռĿռϡ
Ŀǰ黹ȫ״̬ҶҲҶģԺСġ
ڼ䣬ɻһֱ벻ҶҪʲôΪ֮ǰļĳ㱻նԷӦú׾ͿԽڵϣȴôá
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֪ΪԲĵڣԱԪ飬ҲҶһ˿һΪ
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ˣҶԲ·磬ǳ־ôսΪΪԭҶտܻܣˣذܣ
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״ˣףֻľϵһʱЩӦİɣһúõʹġ
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һ㣬Ҫ


2550 ͷջ
ڲҶһζİԼһʮѲ񽫣һǧѲԡ
Щ˴ǰȫҶʱռľ
ʱռľܣЩҪ룬Ҫſ꣬Ҷơ
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ڲˣ֪Ҷˡ
ϾʱڱݹڣҶ滹һԻĿء
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һҶʩչݣֱ鹬ڣ


2551 ʥ֮
鹬ڵĺĵشػҶݣҲ޷Ǳ롣
ȻҶݶܷ󷨣ĺķѺܴԣֻڻ鹬ĵ´УطȴûС
ҶѲ˾ڶ·ѲʹûнܹרҵĴ̽ѵҲռ鱨ɲ͵Ϊһרҵ鱨Ա۲пɹ۲ϢռϢۺжϳõ鱨Ҫ
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ص׳һֵĵ֮⣬ˣҶ׾˹ȥ
תһȦ˴ʱҶ沢ûռʲôõϢ
·跿ʱȴһŮıԹ
鹬ڣеŮɻ˳ΣΪͣҲģ˵ǱȽϴ󵨵ġ
ʥӵƤҲģǻ鹬ʮˣߣһ˼Ҽҵģȹ»Ҫ࣬ź鷳
ɲȸ裬ҪָȪˮͲǸζȣǻ鹬Ը˰
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ڵص׵Ҷ漱æϣͼʥڻ鹬ڣתתҵ˽ӧĽ֣Ҳǽӧӳ⣬ԵԼм£Ҫ뿪ͲȥŶˣýתһ
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֮ǰ˺ڣӲڻ鹬ʮ졣
ڵص׵Ҷ仰ȴͷ˰죬ԭԴͷ
͡Ҷˡ仰Ѿ˵һС


2552 ɱʥ
ʥߵе㼱뿪鹬֮󣬾ͷųһֻ񣬽۷Ϊټ࣬ٶһ屶࣬ҲǳĿ졣
ڻ鹬ص׵Ҷ濴ʥҪ뿪ȴڵһʱ׷˳ȥɱ֡
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ҪǲɫƣΪҶӣ˭Թѡ
ʥӵٶȣСèȣֵᡣ
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ҵǣҶ涯òȱĴ֮ٶ೬ʥӵ
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Ҷһͺȣ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ֪̾ôˡ
Ƕ䣬ʮһԲأͱԪ֮Գһ硣
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Ҷ۾ûһ˿һĸ飬ֻ֮֮ѡЩ̫ס
֮ǰҲ⵽ƵķҵҲһͷײ˿ռϣͷѪ
ޣˣ˵ǣҵֻˣûҶֲһ䡣
һҶ˵ʥپЩˣǾͷӦ˹ڽƱ硣
㱻ˣҺ£ŭ
װװ
ҶЦ㽫ҵܱ
ҶֱӽҴʥ΢΢һ죬ͱֱ׳ֻǽ֣֮ɱ֮кβɡ
Ҷ汾ǵˣ£ûٿεġ
ȷʵˡ
ҶͻȻЦˣô죬ҽնɱڴ˵أΪҵ֮ҲӦˡ
µһҡ˵ͻȻסףȻҶڴˣôûκģգֵ¼¡
ƾ㣡ЩſЦǵ۷˵ɱңشʥӣҲûܡ
ҲһҶᶨҡҡͷ
Ͼ֪ˡʥЦţؼͻȻ伫ӿ˲Ϣ޴ĹؼһɲٵĿ£Ϊ֮һա
ҵɱ
ͻȻ䣬һöɫӡϢĴҶԺɳ΢΢һĪϢɢ˲Ϣ䣬ؼ͵һ
ʥ޴йͻȻͺ׵ı⡣
ٴ󾪣Ĵ߶Ԫȴֹס֮ơ
򶼱ˣͱ˵ʲôɱˡ
ҶȴЦˡ
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ӡѹУͬʥٵͨ
Ҫ֪ѪӾսʥӵ򣬸ĸ˼鷳ĸʮʵֻܷӳɡ
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´ֻһԵнֻǸ֮ѹƽ⣬Ӧʮࡣ
ڣҶӡȴ׵Ŀʥ
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ҶӡŸʥӵͨã൱˫ڲͣؼʥٵɱֱӱ
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鼱֮£ٱܵٴξۼؼ
ҶͷӡҲһɲǹ⻪š
Σʱ̣һͷɳܿƵԪһɲǼڼ̵ʱھȻתרſˮϵܽһޱȵڹǡ
ģپȻҶȫһ
ǽˣʥȫɵǸޱȵɫڹǣҲҶ˺ķ顣
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پļУߵʵʵĺɫٴʥ١
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2553 컯Ԫػ
ʥٵô׾ͱ˺ƬҶԸʵҲ⡣
ٵܣȷʵܴȫ߶֮£׵شڵǿߣҶĺˮ׳¡
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ڵ鱨һʢʱڱʽʥӣҲûгһ֮
ԣҶɱʥ٣Ѿ˿ս׼һ֣ǿ١
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δͻƵԪѾĸɾ˵ϵȫͻƵɵ񷶥Ϳѹеӡ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣҶһ⣬ڿʥ١
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Ԫ飬ǱһɫɫУеꡣ
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Ҷô˻ᣬֱӽʥٺɱɢĶ֣ҶСӣ֪ǻʲôıֶûó
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ĸ֣ҶڵģԿ쵽˼㣬ҪǾʲôˡ
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Ҷûûڵһʱͳȥռ
Ҷ˲Ϣ׼İԪ̳ȥ˿ռ
ʮ챦黹з裬ûлع鵽ҶڵɲǣǵԪػʹʥٵԪֱʧˡ
С޷Ӧ鱦סˡ
һʥٵԪʧɲǣؼ俪ʼ죬Ҷһݡ
һڵʥӵıҶеĻҪӡ
ڴǵԪػɲǣǸǿ־˲併ˣֻ־٣˲֪Զľ룬Ҳûжٵ
ֻµǾ仰ȴһϢΪ鱦ԭǸһǿߣȻҶ档
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컯֮ϣԽǿĴڣԽںĴ½ڳֵġ
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ҪȻô粻ܣȴһֱźĴ½š
ΪԽǿԼԼԽǿ
˵ģͷǵԪػϢ¶ᾪĳЩڡ
Ԫߡ
ɨֱӽؼԼϢ飬ʮԪ챦⻪һʹҶʧ
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ҶıҪնɱʥٵģһڶͬʱҲĳЩһ档
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ҶĿȴǴﵽˡ
ʥӴ˿̿ºڵֱѪ
ҶɱʥӵУҶ뿪Ϣʱ䣬ǿޱȵϢ٣ǿޱȵϵѰ˷κһϢ
ǿҲһλ컯񽫣컯ʡ
Ǳ彵٣Ҳ̸ϣӦֻһϢ
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ֳмϢٵأȻпռ컯ģռǳ档
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ǿϢ̶̼䣬ͨϢƲ˸߰˰ˡ
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˲Ϣ䣬ǼǿޱȵϢڼ̵ʱʧһɶ
֮УһͻȻͽһΪûκС֮ڡ
ΪĳڵԭûκҲûκ飬ȴ档
ܿģʥٵԪһǿ־ͳС֮ڣǵǿ־ҲСлһƮɽıӰ
л֮һʱ䣬ٵԪͻΣл֮
ɽӰ˻֣ͻȻڵ٣٣ʲô㣿
棬ɷһĻᣬغģȥɱҶ棬˻֮Ѫ𡣡
ʥٴ˿ǺҶ޵ҧгݣ޲ýҶ̻˺ˣȫȻ֮ǰҲعҶ棬ֻһһˡ


2554 ֮·
᣿
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˵븽嵽ͨϣ
ʥٴ󺧣ȴǴ࣬ûпɹʥ
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ԣʥٸǴޣֱҶ޵˼㡣
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ҪҪᣬֻñ˵ͬѪ򣬾ͻʵ
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ԣһڣʧȥǷǳʹһ顣
ϾһȻⷽսطϾ١
ΪҪǣһУʥֲͨһ
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ʱʥҲǸ飬澲ĴУһҲżֻǾĿ
ͻȻ䣬پٴ°ݣָһֻܹɱغģҶѪ𡣡
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ڣһжˡ
ˣô׷Ȣӧ
Դ˿̣ʥӶҶ棬ǷԹĺⰡ
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ͻȻ俪ˡ
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һ⻰ʥپ͵شһս
е̫壬һص㣬ǾڵĵȽ׼Ϊпᡣ
Ѿϰ߸ϵʥӣôȥͨˣ
һҧپӦ棬Ը⣬ָֻ㣬úܳɹ
ģұκ˶ɹңǰλʧȴʥطʧܣϷڹ۲Ҳ˲پ顣
ԣʥıٴιߵͷ洫

һڱʥһ£ӦûжٷӦ
Ҷе֣Ҳ֮С
ħɹݻٴܵħս֮֮ܶһһһҲѡ֮أæŹͽֲ
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һҶ浹ѵõİ
Ҷ氲һ£ƺĴ½ľƣҲͻȻ䰲
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ֵħս޲Fľסγ֮ƣʱиı仯
ʸ֮Ƶԭʱڴע֮£ڴܾ񲿶ǣ֮£Ҳκζ춯
ֵ˶Կħ֮ʣԭҪǸڴܱͱӣԭɾȫˡ
Կħ壬ǿǴ塣
ԭɧĴķ߾ҲİħȻ֣Ǵܵı߾ûж١
ԭƽ˾Ҷıпҵĵص㣬ҶƵڶʮһоܹܽ۴֮Ҳ
ħڶʮһоֻܹܴܽʮоϱߵǸεڳ꿤ǡ
ڵıˮ壬ҲҶɻȥˡ
Ĵ½ľƣͻȻһѵõƽ⡣
Ψһ۵㣬ǵڶȨʰ˾Զˮ壬¼Ŀ⡣
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ԭħˮֽܣٴδƽ⣬شܡ
ˮĪˣˮȻɹȴٴǿƵķˡ
ԣĿͻȻ;۽ҵˮϡ
ս壬ڹעˮ塣
֪ܻжܳ
ӴܶԸˮٶϣʱĴ½ĺ͢
ǺĴ½ԭһһҾ֣ͻȻĪƽ
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ҶһźܶսĿ⣬ʱĴ½صƽ⣬ʵԴڸԴļɵ
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Ҷ濴ʱ˿̣ˮȻɳļʵһı֡
ƽˮĽΣݵƽ£ʵǸڻʵٴαǰס

Ǵħսһ·ڸµȻôãⲻ֮ǰı
ǰ
ҶԺĴ½˿ѵõƽۡ
Ҷ濴Ĵ½˿ѵõƽ⣬һ꣬ꡣ
֮Ҷʱ䣬һꡣ
һѵõƽĴ½ٴαҶͶЧҶֵܵȫϵҶ棬Ҷ뿪Ĵ½Լ飬ϲˣҶԼϰ첻
ȻҲ˵ҶԺһںĴ½˵Ҷ޷ʱ뿪Ĵ½
ϾҶµҪһʱɳ
ңҶ˴ԤĿص㡪Щ⡣
Ĵ½ûй̶ĿռŲͨҶƲ⣬ʱĿռŲͨڻ߲֣Ҷȥѣ£Ҳѡ
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ô꣬Ҷ鱨ʵʱ仹棬ʺǰȥѰҲµʱ
ҶܼС
ôȥ磬Ŀǰһ⡣
ӧʱռŲͨзӦģͨз󣬵ȴҶģʮа˾žһ޵
Ӧ޵Ҷûһġ
ңҪһǣĿǰҶ滹޷ȷµݣҪǲҲǻأ
ôҶΪ˽ɱ䣬᲻´鷳أ
Ҫӧµ޵ɱ䶼ûκοܣˡ
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ΨһȷǣĴ½֮䣬һʱռŲͨ
£Ҷ濪ʼһܿܵ̽鱨һ
ɾڴʱϷ㿤߲ʻǱߣͻȻʹһɿõϢ


2555 
֮ڣչһǧŮҪ겻֮󣬾͸һػ磬Ҳ
Сķ̽һϢ
ڻӧǰ߲ʻ߼֮󣬷ѰҵŮ룬ŮһµĻµ
ص֮ڣչһǧŮ
Ҷȴǡһػ硯
͸¶ϢڵҶԣ̫Ҫˡ
ǡܻӧǡָ˭Ҫǡػ硯
˼ǣڣһ˻ڣת硣
Ҷ澪ϲ
ˣǿɾһǳѵõĿõĻˡ
ҶޱȵĿʼȷ鱨
ȷСķĻӧѵ⣬һֲ
Ȼ󣬾ķжϣҶóһЩĽۡӧָǣܾǻռЩŮ
ۺжϳҪռһǧŮȻὫһǧŮػ硣
Ҷ治֪һ彫Ůػʲôǻһǧ˻ת磬͸Ҷᡣ
˵ҶԻˮ㣬ûأ
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£ڷݵѲ˾ǿԻһռŮ鱨졣
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Ҳ֪ôģӦĳķʽξѪм⣬ģͻᱻѡгΪŮ
ѡеĸʣǳС
һУҲûһŮͨʮңŻһŮ
øµǸнͼӣǳĿա
һת߲ݣͣıһҳŮҲǳޣʱһһҲҲ
ܵһռѪһɸѡѪʱ䶼˷ڹˡ
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ڻĵԣڻڴǧˣСʹʱһһ
һκò׳ָɣҪٻȥ׼Ǿ̫ˡ
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ķݾѪŮı׼͸ϱߵıǣѰҾѪˣȻ
ЧһӾ˺ܶࡣ
һɸѡŮʱܹߴϡ

ߣҶҲʼǣûһжǱأ
Ҷǰķ
һͨҶԼڣ黯Ϊ΢ĳŮϣϢĻ硣
ڶЩˣٹȥռʱռŲͨ
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һ͵ķգƺࡣ
һԪԪͨطǹ첻Ųʱٹһ飬һã¶ڵĿܡ
̫ıԴȻԱܿǿߵܱܲܿɫԪǿߵԪͨطļ飬һϣԪ鰢ԸҲûаա
ҪǱ֣ṦһҶԺȥѶȾ͸ˡ
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ǽͼѡŮһ£ȴҶһ
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ǣ⽪ͼʼɸѡķΧܱ߸
Ŀǰܱ߸ʵħƵġ
ħԸеĿƻУܱȴǲԶˡ
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Щ񣬽콻˾ѪҲˡ
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ΪûйΡ
˵ǵЩŮУǽҲޱȵۡ
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طܼܺ򵥣ǿߵΪȵ½
ǵǿߣ½ĳͷ£ΪҲ˲Ƶͨ񾳣û⡣
Щεĵ¿ʼġ
ǣʩչʱҪһѹ鹬С
Сʦ½ǣҶȴûС


2556 
˵ҵҶүû뵽ҲС¿¿ʱ򡭡
ҶļǵѰѹС׼ʩչʱԪ鰢ȴֻˣͲûЦ
һЦֱӾҶ淢ˡ
֪һӻˮļһ֪˴ȴ
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ΪٶȣҶҲ̾
ľ֮УмרԪ涾ҪҪԣ
źڴ̵ıӣͳԪ鰢ܣ˶ɵĶһŰ󣬺Ԫ鰢Ӷˡ
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Ҷһ仰СӰһΣԪ鰢һͳ飬Ȼֳ飬С
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ΪֻҪ뱸ʩչܿģҪ⿪Ͳˡ
бʦ½ʩĵǣһп졣
ΪǱһһĺĵȻһһεĻָΪ
⻹ÿʦ飬Ǹӳˡ
񣬾ҶԼʩչҪΪڵĳ̶֮Ҫٴν⿪ָʱ䣬ҲҪ֮á
Ҷ뿪Ĵ½ʱʩչ
ͬʱѲϼӼӣڻһŮĿﵽŰʱ֪Ҷ档
Ҷ棬Ҳʼ׼
һ뿪Ĵ½ҶԤʱ䣬һϡ
Ȼ˵ҶжϣĿǰĺĴ½ƣҪάһŻƽ⡣
ҲѱᷢС¼
뿪ǰҶúЩ׼
Ҷһ뿪ľںĴ½ӦԲ⣬Ķ¡
Ŀеħսūǰʱշһǧħ
ԼҶЩѲ񽫡ѲԣҶһȫڱ
Щ򺣾ڣħҲסҶ뿪Ҳ̫ġ
ʱռһˮ壬Ҳͻ˾ƺʥ˻ȥ
Ӣ֧ţѾȫԼıҲ˲Ƶؼʱ̣ܹӳ޴á
ʵҶ뿪ĵģǶȱʧ
ϾҶС֣ټСè˵ٶϣڶʱתսǧҶС͵ֵϼʮŵ
Сû£СèҲøҶһߡ
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ϣͨۻԡ֮⣬Ҷרȥʦηɰס
ʦ㣬׼ȥҲ£ǣȴһ򡣡
ηɰֵĿҶһۣҪ뿪𣿡
ţһʱܻԾһ㡣
ȥɣһغñģغǵļң
ң
ҶЩ⣬סլ٣ңƺ
Ҷɻӣʦηɰײһ䣬ڵĵطǼҡ
ĻҶЩп
ɱҶ滹ɱȻʦηɰףҶǰѾһСŮ񣬽Ľ棬ʼһת䣬Ψһȱģһӡ
ҲҶʦηɰ׵ź
û취Ƕף̶ȣΪԽߣԽá
İɣһᰲȫġ
㣬ҪѲҲȫˣЩ꣬һˣһĺܿ࣬Ҳηɰ׵Ͳ¸ܺãԲд˵
ţ֪⣬޷ԸǿУô͹ȥʥˮϼңһеһ˵
֪ʦηɰصĵͷ
ʦηɰ׵Ϊʵߣڻǵڶѡ
սȺӦڵǿߣͲˡ
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Žٽһһ߶£ҶҲӦԡ
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ͨʺϴսҶȥ˷ѡ
⣬Ҷ滹˴ҩͷĴʥҲȫ򺣾Ľ͸ֱá
ȻٲҶԻݴĻ˾ǡ
ЩˣҶҲһȫڱ
һ֧侫ʮλǿĻ
ҲҶԷ뿪ĵ
֧ȴȶһ֧
ԣ뿪֮ǰҶרȥһ˱ֵ͸һ
׼ȷ˵ǰݻϵط
򣬾޻ڰذΪ׵Ļ˾Ǵϲ
ݻϵطǵսƽɡ
ҪǵõȫĻϵطأ
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ҶֻǺϰ벿֣½°벿ط
Ҫϵطʲô
ʵҶԵĻ˧Ĵһ֡
󣬾ǸӦԤ
ԤԤϣҶϰߡ
Ҷ潫һ߰˰˵ʱȥϷ㿤Ҷ̽鱨ķİϢ
һŮȻɸѡ˾ŰʮˣԤʮ֮ڣͻһǧˡ
õҶ棬Ϊ֪뿪˱ݹ


2557 ǰ
Ϸ㿤߾һӪУͼڲͣļŴӸռľѪ
ת֮£ͼѾ˻еʽĸЧ̵ʱڼһݾѪʶĽȥ
һΣȴûľѪ
ûˣ
ͼʶһ䣬ȴĪĻشһ䣬ˣ
ͼ㣬̧ͷȴûзӦ
ˣһǧŮѾչˣ
ţˣ
ûˣڣҵŮȻﵽһǧˣˡ
ˣ
ˣ
ȷ֮£ͼЩԴ»ָ˻󣬳һ
еѡĲٴǸһĵط
ǺĴ½
ںĴ½ʡ
ǽͼƴԭ
ˣˣнӽһˣǿ֮ˣ̫ȷͻ˵
ôҪŮѾˣ𣿡
˵˵ǲмϸмϸȥ˻磬ܷʲô˻
˵䣬ͼߣ˸ҴȻǾʹŮȥ½ȥ
һ֮󣬽ͼµˣøѡĽŮתϷ㿤߲ʻ
˿̵Ҷ棬Ů֮С
Ҷ֮ǰԹľѪȷʵѡһŮ
ӡΪУҶʩչڽԼΪǿзӡصĳ̶ȣȻҶڲ£ıԼò֮󣬾ֱӵִ˷ݡ
ݰţͳһܻȻͺĳΪһӡ
ŴԸ·ٶȻǺܿġ
칦򣬾͵ִ߲ʻҲûжļ飬Щⰲһ£ͼ뿪ˡ
Ҷȴڿһ⣬ʲôʱȥأ
ϣҪϵ̫á
ŮĴߣŮֿ֮⣬ʮһ̡ͨ
ЩԷݸĴǣڿ뿪֮󣬾ͷ׷ۿˡ
˵ѡŮʲôģ
ûʥʥŮʵǻ˸˵
ôʥʥŮ𣿡
ûʤ̭ǵУ϶ֻм˲ܹΪʥʥŮġ
ҪûΪʥʥŮأ
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ҲǣǸİҷҲ񡣡
˭˵أһǧƷʯ㹻ȫʳǼʮˣҽܹ˵ˣǱ߸ɵúãԽȫҶӹȥǱ߿ûκս𡣡
Ҫսʵ
ͻȻ䣬ھ͵óĬ
ҶҲó
ս
ɶս
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ͼЩջʵǻǱûսȥǱһʱ֮󣬿ԽǵļҲӹȥ
ļ԰ҲڵĴܣȴս𲻶ϡ
˵أ˯ҶԱߵи첲Ҷһ¡
̶̰ʱڣЩѾ˯ҶԱߵ⣬⽣ǿʡ
Ӧáɣ
ΪֹҶ鱨֧ţҶûи׻һŪһǧŮҪȥ
ʥʥŮ
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ѡū⾫Ѫģֱץ߲ˡ
Ҫ˵ЩΪŮģѾˣҲûиһ˿һš
һ㣬ҶҲǺ֪
һ˼ŪЩŮҪʲôأ¹ػһģ
һĶǼġ
Ҷ滯ŮеĵϣͼͻȻͽһǧŮ
ˣǵĴָȻ򿪣Ҫ顣
һǧûãʮޱȵĵʹ˴򿪵Ĵָɨ
ĹУӧˣ˶Ŀ˽ӧҶȴǿԼĿ⡣
ҶĿǰ״̬ǣӡΪý飬ֱӽҶĵųɾŵϢѹˡ
ԪҲڡ
ԪֻϢأȴûбӡ
ֻҪҶ治ãͲᱻ֡
Ҷ滹ǷǳСģǿߵǷǳĿµġ
һڵڵĴָѲ֮󣬽ӧͻȻʼɣ
˲Ϣ䣬ϰٵɨһʼһǧŮһһɨ
һ˵黹㣬һٸȫһ㡣
Ҷ⣬Ǳϰٵɨһһûκܿԡ
Ҷ氵ҡ
ҪԪ鰢̫Լǿޱȵľһ£һ£Ҷͻ¶ڡ
󣬵һϼɨ֮ҶŵģǷˡ
ǻӧƥ
Ȼûκ⣬Ǿͼ̰ɡ
ŽӧĻأŮǧˣߴ˽
˺ȻǣǧŮȫ׳Ů֮⣬ֽϾȻ
ȻⲦ˵ĴǸһŮǸ񡪡ū
ͷ˵ͷū
һǧŮ⣬廹Ҫǧūȥ
һĪŭҶĵ
Ȼ̫壬̥壬ȴץȥūħʲô
˲Ϣ䣬ҶΪ¿ǻ˶ԻǵøУɢһɶ
˿̵Ļ壬ͬū۴ħ壬Ȼ˵Ⱥš
ĵ̫࣬Ҷ涼뷢µѲ˾ЩΪūĴȥ
£Ȼȫ׼ˡͼͻȻڡ
ͷ֮࣬ӧУͻȻһö
򣬸ӧҶһģһҶͷ͵һͨз
Žӧе⻪֮УͻȻͶһһĿռͨͻأĳ߲ʻ֮ǰ
ϰٵԪϢҲһɲǽһƬǻһȻͻأֵĿռͨϢڱʵʵ
ƣҶ氵ңҿͨз
Ҫˣľ뻢ڡ
ϰٵİΧ
죡Ͻͨ
ͼ
һǧŮǺܻǧū˿ȴǿ޿ĲϽȥȻ֪Լˡ
ͼһߣһǧūǱЮһͽ˿ռ֮ͨС
󣬽ͼһҲ̤˿ռ֮ͨС
ʱĿռͨѾ
Ҷʱ͵óжϣĿռͨһεޣӦǧҡ
Ŷӧеͨз˷ϰٵԺͬʱӿɫɫԪ⻪ӿ˿ռ֮ͨڡ
һɲǣռͨգ½Ĺ⻪ͻȻ͸˵ǰʼпռŲơ
ʱУҶȴԽԽȡ
ֱô꣬ҶһθоԽԽˡ
֪¹Ļ
ûбģ

˼Ҷͷ֡


2558 
ռŲʱӰӣ˵ʱм
ʱ·ڼţַ·ͣԭһ㡣
ҶȴԼİ취
΢ӣԼеƵʣ
ҶǧŰʮߵʱǰӵĹӰʱɢʩϵʱɢ
ˡ
ֻʱе㳤Ȼ˰ʱ
˵ڻУĴ½ľ룬ҲȽԶ
Ȼ˵ռŲ󷨲ͬŲٶͬҶǰ͵ȼŲٶġ
֮ʱŲʱ䣬£ҶжϳĴ½ڻеķСèӻи·ҪʱҲüʮϰꡣ
γ󡣡
Ųƴ⣬һɽɽȣˣȴĴ½ޓ졣
ɽȶ̵ĺĸ߸ߴĸֱָͩգɽ΢б·ɽȵĻɡһַ·ɽȵļһ
ϣǼ䰫СĺġƵġϵСЩߴֱͩγĶԱȣҲ˵ţһͬںĴ½硣
һǧṲ̊ϻأڴ
ǧṳ̄ϻɲǣޓķ͸ǣѾ뿪Ĵ½ˡ
һʹ˷޺һƬ
ͼֻƳһۣ³ȥӾͷҳȥ
ģھȥˡ
˵Ŀ־ռϷ磬ִ֮£Ѿɥʧ
޳֮£һūЩŮӣ޵ĸˡ
ͼɫһʮ͵سϸУȻҪɱʾ
ҶƤ͵һһΣӵЩڿŮȺС
Ҫˣǻôͬ𣿡
ҶȰûãǽͼʮ£ѩĽУѾЩŮն
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ɵһһתһʿеѩϸУֻһǣ£Ī֡
ǱѩϸУҶ֯ŮеһޱȵĴײţУȻʣµľʿеѩһһ񵲿
̺ǽЩʿһһˡ
ͼ͵תͷʢҶ档
ͬʱͼһнеߣҲ̤ΧҶ档
ͼιֻһ£һµУֻȫ
ĿǰںĴ½ıܽţ޷
ߣԼأܳʲô£
д˱תעſ־ֵūҲ˲ֹס˿־ĿһУΪҶ浣
һɲǣҶȴ΢΢һ䣬Ϊ˽ͼ֮⣬ɽܱߣʱͶҶ͸ߴＸǧ
ǧУԪͳʮλҶֱܹĽϢԼٵģȫϢ
ɽפ
óۣҶ治ϲ
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ΧʿҶȴһҲš
ͳ죬ǿдԶ־Ҳ֮飬ò˶þͻӦ
ߣͳǧūΪɱɣ
˵һǧŮҲأǧūҲǴˣ˵մ״ʣ˵أҶ濴Žͼ
ⷬҶ˵оݣټǧū֮Ȼˣʿûм϶֣Χʾͼ
ͼĿҶ棬ľȻκα仯
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ͼСӣڴѪҺˣһʮ˴Цɽ
Ц𣬾ͳ˽ͼǰȻڽͼһơ
һȥͼ¶ʹɫеβƵ½ɡ
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ͼʹѵļ򣬡ϣǱȷʵ߸ʺһ㣬棬һطǵΧࡣ
⻹˵һۣͿ˽ͼŮʱ¶˾ϲ֮ɫȻǧˣ
ͼҡҡͷģֻһǧˣǧ˳ִū
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Ǳ߷ˣʵ̫ˣʮУҳĸ
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ңȻܹҵһǧˣǾҵǧǧһ
Ҫ࣬мѪҺһ٣ܳ׶ɹˡ
ͼĵ˵ͷԶҶ棬ȴúëը
ҶΪǱӡˣΪĺôĿǿȵȵȣȴûӡ
ѪҺۣҶ涸һܣĪһҪѪֻһЩѪҺ
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Ҷ֮࣬ͶһǧŮͬ飬һѪūɱȵūҶˡ
ȻҲҶƬֻƲ⡣
ȻˣǾͿ㽫͵ָص㣬ЩȥҲЩЩѪҺá
ͼ˵ͷ
ڴɱ嵭࣬ڲûзŹҶ˼ǱֱҶǰ
СӣأȻһʮλڵ¡
ȡɶѡҶǫ顣
ҲġͼһﻹܳͷͬɼΣҪˣΪصϧ㲻ǡ
ԣ⼸·ϣСĵ㣬ҪǸҸҳκ۶ӣһڵһʱȡĹ
˵꣬ͼ뿪
ˣҶͷһ
ţҶѾܣȻ󱻻һ׷ɱ㡣
ⲻҶԸ⿴Ρ
Ƿ£Ҷ
ͬΪͬıնɱ
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ֻҪҶ濴ˣΣҶ涼Ҫһܡ
ܾܲ£ֻоˣҶ
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ָо㿴һѣһȻͲ˲һеĳȥˡ
Ϊ㲻ԸѡֱһĻΪһĺڡجΣ
ҶԣѪͷͨǱԣ


2559 ˳
Ҷоϡ٣ȥޱȡ
ĲԫϱڣѸ˲ľ֮УҶ۲ϸ΢ֲˡ
Ҷһڽͼ˴ϷС
ܶ࣬ҷٶȶ
ԣһϵ·ǺԶġ
ڽʮ·УһΣûмһӰ
̫ˡ
һ·УļУȻȴܵҪС
磬Ȼ͸һĺĴ½ֲȫͬ
ֳĺҶĸӦԡ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷһ²⣬ҶȻµŪЩŮҪȥʲôˡ
ܿģҶ²ͱ֤ʵˡ
ͼһ·Ѻʮ֮һǧŮǧūһִһнСǡ
ǵģҶ濴ǸСĳУһسǹģȲϡ
ЩʿĿУȴǷǳĽǣ
һǣŮǧŮūͱͽ˼С
ûǵļС
ҶϢǣǻΪҵٵĴǡ
ܿģҶһ˾Լˡ
ͱѡ
ģЩץū
ܼ򵥣ŮΪһģ֮Ҫٸ뵵Űɱ
ۺԭҪϱٸµū룬ߵĸ˰ʮ֮ڣʧȥʸ
ңЩūָΪ֮֮ڼӳʮˣ˰롣
ū֮µĺӣΪӣݣǻ͵ģֻûκɵūһ㡣
Щ˵һ¡Ī˿Σ
ȻЩūڹôЩŮأʲôģ
ڣҶѾ϶ӦòǱȥѪūġ
ֻǣŮˣȴҶеĻҪѪһ㡣
ūߵ磬༯ھ˳ɰǧͷ̫ˡ
ҶһһǧŮǱɻһѡ
Ľ׷ʽ
۸ߵá
ЩƯŮλߣҡ
һƷʯȻʮۡ
ͬģӵУģ˧ģ׳ģҲܼҡ
ҶǱĿꡣ
ļһȻ˶ʮƷʯۡ
Ҷһαǻһףָоǳ衣
ҶȴĬĬĳš
Ӻɷ죬ΪĿ꣬һʲôء
ʵ⼸·ϣҶӡ
Ҷûκ⡣
࣬Ҷ滹ûӡ
Ҷ治һĨڵ£׷ɱ
Ǳһ컯׷ɱ
һǿޱȵ컯ˣôһͬǿޱȵ컯ˡ
ҪǣνԼڻַյ֮ڣѹûκô
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ҶѰһᣬһֲ̫Ŀķʽ뿪ȥѰҲµ䡣
֮Ҷͱˡ
ҶģһλϷޡ
ڻ磬ǻ壬⻹аչ塣
ֱǴࡢȡơ̡ࡢɫ߸ϣֱǳࡢ¡ơࡢգԼͩա
ڻ磬ЩǶеģϾʹ߹ĳˣƽū
ڻ磬ҲֻЩ˲ʸš
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ңϷ޲ֹҶһ
ڻ᳡ϣһŮӣжʮū
Ҷ濴շһҵĵ̿²
ŮӾľͻȥ˽Ʒʯҵײ
Ҷ⣬һӣҲӵеļλǿ׳ΪﵽӣѲ١
ˣǾүҵˣү˺ܺãǺúٲǵĸ
Ϊ˷ֹĳЩܻ£ÿ뿪֮ǰҪһ׷Ӱֻ
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ܣǧ֮⣬Ҳֻͨ׷ٵǡ
½͵ɲǣǿϢȻˣȴʼЦеĸֻ
ֻܾ£һ󣬾ͽϡ
Ҷüͷ΢壬Ԫȴ΢΢䱸һ׷ӰֻҶͻ᲻һеķ
Ԫ鲻ޣҶĵߡ
ģ׷ӰֻԲūֻūӡǶꡢ־ʧ̫ãϷ᲻أ
ЩţүЦеĽһ䣬ȴҶޱȵĹ졣
ʲôϷ᲻ã
⻰ȥôô졣
λЩλ컯ˣҶջѡϡ
Ҫ¶ҲҪҵ֮ٱ¶
ǰ߼λ׷Ӱֻ֮ҶС֡
֧׷ӰֻҶƤɲǣҶ΢׷Ӱֻ˽⡣
ַһ㣬Ҳ㣬ûƣȫ
ңҶֻҪԸ⣬ʱ׷Ӱֻ
һɲǣ׷ӰֻҶϣ
ˣү߰ɡ
үҲûж˵һӺūˣֳͷݣǰĿĵء
ҲڴʱҶźȻ֣үˣȻǵڵǿߡ
Щӣ඼ǽˡ
󣬻һǡ
¥ǡ˳ǡ֣Ҷ𺳣


2560 ͩ
¼УԻһ˳ǣȷļء
˳ǣλڻػɽ֮£ǻһ׶ǣΡáĻġ
꣬ܵı棬ɱ˻һػɽ֮£ս£˳Ǽƽ
ҶﻹһݵĻĵͼȴʮǰĵͼˡ
׺ɣ֮£òˡ
Ҷû뵽˳ǻڡ
Ӧ˵ǻһػɽ֮£ؽ˻˳ǡ
˿̣ҶЩҡ
ľǲģŮУȻвۣȴϢĻ˻Ļ˳ǡ
ϢѰ£Ӧûӷһ㡣
ҶһˣϷ޴˻˳ǳϵһլڡ
լռĹ㣬õҲ⾳ȥҲǺе̵Ĵ塣
һǶʮλūͱܼҴȥá
ҶλŮֱŮ´ȥϴˢˢ
ȫϸϸıϴһ飬Ͳûˢˢˡ
ҲҿҶõȻҪ¶ˡ
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Ҷ͸ؽһĿǰܵľƣлԶںĴ½ĴڴҲʲôܣ΢һ£ܹó
йػԶĴҶҲ΢һԼļ⣬ΪĿǰĻԶڻȡѹûжٿһĳȫŲ˶õġ
صɫԽԽֱҶ潲꣬ųҶ湰ֵл֪࣬ǣ
࡯֣ҶͷЩ뷨
ѵ˵ڲķҲȽϴ
ֻ˵Զͳ˧ӧŹʲô
ҪĻɾͱȽ˼ˡ
ǰĴţһ߲¥÷˼Ҳʹݲ˵㣬ͻתˡ
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СҷѶүүٴв
ߣһı֣ȻҴңҪ᲻ҾͲճ£
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Ϊһأ˲Ϣŵڣ
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߰ɣҶЦһСѼһĹӵܣ˵ҶĿǰŵսʶҶʮǰΪֻʱս£Ҳȫŷ
һɵһֻ֪ųⲻʲô
Ҷ淽ֻǷŷǣʵеֽţҪɱǣǾ͸ˡ
ҽĳҲˣԷӰûᣬǾͱŵˣʹ쳣ޱȡ
Ҳǣڶڻ˳֮ڣ඼ǱȭӲӲģҶǴ̿һ
סԺճˡ
·ߵʱҶ滹˳һţøҶߵеСǸˡ
ȥ·ϣһԵͩһлᣬһۣĶ۲ͣĵ˻
صҶе֪ͩ⽻ҪϽַүүүүԺǳ֮Ҷ֪˵鷳ͩһĹϵ
լ˵ʵȼĺܵͣҶĸⲻǿЦ
ӣװװȺȲ裬һʱͿʼù
ƽһ˽ʷΡĻԼмصѾĴ£˶ʱ𶡳۵ĸֵԼӹҲⰲ
һ֮Ҷĺӣȴˡ
ΪﱬһĺϢС㻳ˡ
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ֻˣҶ˵鷳Ÿոտʼ


2565 ү
Ϸ֣ͩʱʱͩĶӣ춼ЦĿϲ£ˡ
ҽʦ˵ͩеĸѾһˡ
뷢԰׵үӣҲź룬Ц档
ΨҶվϡ
Ҷ滹ãϲ˵ĿӰӣ䵽ϵĿ⣬ͷصˡ

үϻοЦţóһһƿҩԽ˶۵С
Сڱֲô˺ӣϷܸˣŮкˡ
ۣϷĽ
ӹ뵤ҩĶиּ֮ɫ
УһݿпһֱĹԴһǿͨ
ԺڼֻҪгɣϷ͸һǰ̣еǰ̡ү˵
ŵöʱͱüлүүлүү
ĿǰΣҲһ׸ѣеݣ֮ڡ
үһǰ̣ǰ̣ջ͸ˡ
Ƕһ˶ԣһҽӴ׸ε顣
˰ݵĿܣܲˡ
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ʹͣٴö۸ж£лѡ
ʱһֱͷͻȻ̧ͷŴ۾˿Ҷ棬Ȼͻأĳүʵүүǵ𣿡
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ҶͿЦСﵱүүȡ˵׻ΪҶ档
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ʣүЦЦóһһƿҩȻУֻʲôʱܸүүһϲһҵĹ⡣
һʣֺˣͷҧ촽үүģǡڡŬ
ǺߵģүӹЦ⻹һοϷءãȻˣ⽱Ҳͷȸǡ
һ⻰ͩЩ̫˵ŤŤӣүȴǵûһ͵ҩҶ档
һúгɣϷҲһǰ̣ȻǰǱкӡ
Ҷ΢΢ͷһԵֵ߲ĵ˵ͷ
ޣˣӽ𣬶ڸеĴΪҼֻһеү
ȻҪúŬˣʲôʱ˺ӣʱڸеĴҲΪҼ
үӣµˮ©·˽֮תۼָСڸòͩתΪϲ
ҹҶ»һҹϰߣƽ˯ڴ齵࣬Ҷڴ
ʱѾûշתߣϰҶʱȻ˯
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Ҹ磬˵ô죿ӦҶһһֱû˯ͻȻڡ
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Ҷµ˽һȷʵҲܵ˿ΣԶûеӵĳ̶ȡ
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ҶϿЦûУƯ
ǵҸ粻ϲ𣿻ʲôõҸ᣿ûκη˼
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ʵҵ⣬Ժ֪ġҶɻһ䡣
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Ҫأģ˯ɡҶ潫·ƽϣ˱ӣŴ۾ĿҶ棬˵ͷȻ۾
Ҷһͬʱָоۡ
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̾һҶ潫׵Ժ󣬵Ժ˵ɣʱ仹š
ҶֽעתƵ֮ϡ
Ҷʱȴо˰үӸؼ
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طܲ޳֮󣬾һܲ׵ͨʵսطһʵսطսʱԶʱʵطǳʵá
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ҪҶ˵뷨
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Ϊ˽һһء
ٶȷǳĿ죬ͨߵٶȵ
ҶΪʱͿ˿ĴۡУǳĵһǱУֱӴ߷߱ǱܣߵΪ
ʱߵʵȥˣѾ;ƿˡ
طϿ˵ߵԪΪۿΪġ
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үҲǲⰡ
ֻǣҪҶٳɵĹҪʲôأ
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һɲǣҶѾռ䣬ûҶģеˮl
Ҷ֪ⲻүӣⵤҩʲôֽš


2566 Ƿ
ϣⵤҩҩЧѾ̽ˡ
Ҷˮlʱˮl飬Щ졣
ⵤҩṉ̀ԪԪĵҩʺЩ;ƿݻԪǱĹʹã޶Ŀǰڷã޶ġ
ϾѪ棬磬ô˵ûκЧġ
𰸣ҶЩ⡣
Ҷ汾ΪүӸĵҩʮа˾ҲֿԴΪȴкĵҩû뵽ȴṉ̀Ԫĵҩ
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˵꣬ˮlʵ֪ǴӺδ̱Ԫĵҩ
ⵤҩϷǳַȴȽϴӣƵҩϷҩЧ֮һ˵ܶƳ鵤ˮlְҵַˣ仰뱾С
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үӸͶһݼıԴٳɹȴָһΪḺ́Ԫĵҩ˼Ҫṩʲôأ
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ҶڣҲһӰΧסǡ
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ޣˣةฮǩѲҪǲϣɱۣս䣬ɱ
ȻνةฮǩѲ֮үԵĲˡ
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ͩʢЩʿܲסԼҽ߳ͷļͼ٣ǵޱȣֱӽͩ
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ΪҪģ϶һţֱͩС
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ͩ˿Ҳʶһ㣬ļ

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϶ֺͻȻ϶ͩľǳĽ෴ģҶ϶֮䣬ǸżʮʿҶѹûоȵĻᡣ
ͩ˺ѷεļУͩε˳ȥŲҽУѪ硣
ҽУȴһΪʹƺߣĹͩ˺ѷεļһڡ
һĻҶǳȻͻȻ䣬Ҷ濴򶡳۵ĿЩһˡ
ͩһŵģһֱͩĶۡ
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ҵĺӣû£ֻܵ𶯵ͩһͿֱ̱ڵصĶۡ
ʱĶۣѪӿţѪл飬Ȼ˼ء
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򶡳۵Ŀ⣬Ȼޱȵ븴ӣǿһİһ
˵ʲôѪһӿţ˵һֻĿȴĶͩС
϶һţȫһɱַͻȻѹΪصĶܹסġ
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ͩŶ۹עĿ⣬Ȼˣ𶡳۵ӣҪһ붡۵ڣһһ߿ޣģû£û£
ΪʲôΪʲôҪôɵ
źֵĽ϶һĻĿĶͩСһݡ
һĻҶȴǰãһﻹҪ֡
һǰЩʿɲǣ϶Ҳٴγ֣һΣ϶ȫ֣һĽǶȣһͩ
һȥȻϴεĽͩϣе̥϶Ȼ޴棡
ͩǷ𣿡
ЦţѪĭ飬۷е廤ͩ䣡


2567 ҵӢ
ͩǷ𣿡
дѪʳ仰ܴͩʱ˿̣
϶Ȼޱȣֳͩĺˣ˿̶ƴһʱ䣬ͩȻ֪ξ
Ϊ˺ӣĿŶԼǰ
۷Ϊ˱ͩѾˣʱҪٰ϶һţɣ
ʱ̫̣ѹͩκοǵʱ䣬ͩһֽܵķӦ
ȶۣ
ͩĿ⣬ƴŤתͼŲ󣬴ʱ˿̵Ķۣܲһ˿һˡ
ǣȴͩҪ
һֻžһԭأͩת
ͩһѹûжʵսǧС㣬ܱȵ϶۵ļ
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޷Ťת֮£ͩѾ׵û⣬ֻʶĽеһƬܣڶ۱

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ؼʱ̣ͩѾЩѧĶȫ˳
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϶һЦЦȴͩƴһɫⲻСӡ

߳һͬһһɫ⣬ȴϹųɫ⣬ֱӽͩɫˡ
֮£ͩϢˡ
һӦԣȴ϶Ķһɶͩԣûκν
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ཫͩĸȴʱ̵ĵ
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۲ûзҽУͩҲûܵ˺һ˫ˣúõġ
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˭ң

ʨһĺУүϷ˳赲Ҷ桢ͩڵķɱ
ƣҶһ
ƽʱϷ˴üĿģû뵽˱뺷һ档
˲Ϣ䣬ƿն
ҶͷһͷһΣĸӰͷһ߽ʧҶڡ
ȻҶյÿ죬ǱϹүӷ򸾿ˡ
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ǾΣգŲһеĳ˹
û뵽ΣվȻҶĵˡ
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ϵģҶҺ֣Īϼûкˣߣ˹أͱϷպֺˡ
϶үӵвŵɫ䣬æֱɻڣ֮ǰӵĳս
Ϲү㻹ȱвˣҵ°ɡ
ǽأǽñѳ


2568 
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үƳһ۳ս죬ĿҶһɨȲ쿴𶡳۵
үүôʵͩʵ
ƺأڸദ飬ѷڣȴһǿڣڸȻʼ䶯ˣʲôүһȵ
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˵¼ͻһЦүӵϹү㣬㻹֪ɣԶеӦѾˡ
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һĻó¼ֶЦ
ȻүӵķӦע⵽ˡ
Ҷüͷ

ʲôĽҪûةǩѲһ˳ǵƹ壿
УѸ飬£ڵǿߵǰûá
ԭܼ򵥣ΪÿһǿߣڶԳһĿռ䡣
Сӿռ䣬ͨС磬пܵġ
ҪظԸڵĽӿռСһӣ˭ҵ
˵ҪȥһλǿڵСȥѽ
ⲻǿЦ
Ȳ˵ԼڵСһģƽҲܱɱɷʯ㿴
ҪǣÿһǿڵĽӿռС磬ͬ˽룿
ܡ
ңɱҲҵڵĽӿռ䣡
˵£ѽڵǿߣûõģҲ⡣
ǽֻܴܲӵطĴУ޷봢ռֻûˮûطСС
ҶѰ˼ţĿǰܾҪȻүӷҲڳ¼в±ɫ
ͻȻ䣬¼ͽìͷ׼Ҷ棬ָҶŭ߳Ͻ˸ҷˣ򣬸ɱۣ
ʱ˿̣϶СҶ
˲Ϣ䣬ų¼Ĳ£ϢʱҶ档
Ҷֵ϶˿ȴһصСϺ﷭˴Ҫ˾Կڽȣֱ
һԣүҪڣҶȴǻ˻е϶϶̲סʹҽ֮࣬Цܣ
ֱɱС丹е̥£һ
ųүӷĿ¶֮ɫҶ治
¼ȴŭˣָҶʲôҲʸǸ
ŮĻȻԴүʱķ֧Ҷ档
үүȥةฮةˣةǩǹѲǹɱ
ǹɱˣǽѲɱ֮£ʱ˳ǹǲǶһֽѲ֮ף
һү񶸵һ
Ҫⷢӣ¼¾鷳ˡ
Ⱥ棬ǻŮҲײ
¼Ȼʶһ㣬ĶҶ棬ɱʢ
ڴʱһ¼ĲӶ嵽¼ǰˣڸⶼѱˣûзֽǵֵڵǧ֮£һشػŵı⣬Ƿֵ̫ʱȥ
ǧ֮µĵ±⣡¼ϲѾ֪ǽˣ
ߣȥѣȥǾǿйѣ¼Ц뿪˼ֻүӵϹүؿ⣬Լ򿪣ǿйƣ
үһԲ¼ȴԽĵ⣬Ų뿪
¼뿪֮ҶͿŻޱȵүӣɫѿˣ˿ָڲ
ȻǱ¼ˡ
ѵүĲн
棬үӸϷ˶һۣȻ̾ƺͩ˵ʲôȴûпڡ
Ҷֵ϶͵ֶ˾񣬡ϾҪѵˣҪ군ˣң
Ҷǿɵһ϶һƣͽ϶ȵĿѪ磬ַɳ˺üš
룬ұ֤ҳʲôʲӽ֮ʱڣ
˻
Ӧ϶͵ؾͽΪȱ߷©ͱյĽġ
֪Ҫѳ˹ǽ֮£ܻɱ
үӽŵ飬ҶͻȻͳŵһСȥǸؿһˡ
õģ״ˣ
С뿪ûãүƺϷ֮ʲô׷м֮ɫ
ǽˣȥǱ߿˵꣬үȻ뿪
ûϢҶһСͳصǧ״ؿ⡣
ʱ¼ոոϵ޷󷨣ټ׼ǿǿдؿ⡣
״ˣҿԽȥ
оһ£С͸Ҷ϶Ĵ𰸡
ֻľϵԭС޷ϰȫݣľϵݣСʹޱȡ
ǡãǰⱣؿ󷨣Ӵȡ˵еĽľˮ֮һɱеתɱ
ǰүɱ󣬾Ͳ̫ˡ
ڳ¼ޱȵһڲǿ󷨵ͬʱСϢľͶڲޱȵĽǸνؿ⡣
ʱүҲؿ֮ǰľȻĿų¼ǿ
ؿⲢ󣬰׷Բ඼һЩõĵرر
תһȦСҲûҵҶ潻޷ɵռı
Сϱߣ
СӦ̧ͷͿǶؿⶥõҹ鵱Уһ΢֣ҹ鲻̫һ
ҹ⻪˸Ҫϸ۲죬淢ֲˡ
̹Сֱӽҹһԣ;ϲ״ˣ޷սָУ
Ӧþˡ
ڴͬʱӵĳͺԼ¼Һ䣬ؿĴţҵ˶ͣп٣
ȴ̶̰Ϣʱڣ¼ڣȻүؿеתɱ
Ͼκɱûи֣Ҳ޷ӳӦܡ
С뷨Ҷ˵
СʱʩչݷףǳȥʱҪһӿռĽͱ÷ǳ鷳
죬ֵǶӰѾϾƿˡ
⣬˳¼ޱȵĴߴԶξһеүӣȴ¶˾֮ɫ


2569 ܣ
¾ųϵı⣬ػˣǿߣֻΪԤ
ؿҲһԣүֻĿų¼²ڣһһεĽصؿ俪
ۿų¼Ҫؿ⣬үӲɵð̾һЩӥȮ϶ܹҵǽ
ϧϵǣ̫ˡ
ڵֵزүԸΪҲ޷һ
һỹҪ־ܣ
뵽үӰһ̾Ϣ
ϧһڵǿΪ
Ҫˡ֧ǣ˿ģȫ֣նɱ¼ɱ϶
Ȼٳɽλ߸ϵĻŮһһܣս߲ʻǰǾʹ죬޺
ϧ
үϢĶһö򣬽֪ͨԸĻңǼ롣
ϣܹ˳ǡ
һУеζһ̾үɲǣͻȻ䣬þޱȡ
ôܣ
үӴ˿ޱȵĲ죬ΪĸӦУǼڵصؿеĽ˿̾Ȼڶ
ȻԷǳٶ뿪˵صؿ⣬ڼٵԶ롣
һɲǣү׷
ǿѾֶβŪıȻ˵ˣʵЩġ
תһ룬ڴʱߣҲ첻
ңǽϱµطκҪƿҪĺܳʱ䡣
ֻҪʩǽϵķûȫƵͿ׷Ѱȥ
ԣүӺȻͲˣϻЦݴʢ
¡¡һ죬ؿʣĴűƣ¼״üҶҪЦˣѣ
˵꣬¼ͷһүӣϹү߾ʲô뷨
ʲô߾Ϸ˵ʲôүһЦ⣬ޣˣ½Ϸ޽صײر⻨Ѿȴ㱩ˡȻҪѳʲôϷ޻˵ҪѲɵøϷ˿ĸԭؽ
Ѳԭؽ𣡡¼һЦŲǳ˵صؿ⡣
Ȼţصؿɲǣ¼ͷһֲĸоԾ
ͷıֲԾ̫˰
Ӧǹƣ
˲Ϣ䣬¼ָԼҵ˽͡
ѣϸѣ׼Źκһ䣡
֮һĳ¼ɫͻȻͷѱؿ⣬˵ǽһ˿һĿӰӶû
½ةฮѲֻѣûҵĹ
˵ؽһӦ嵥ȥةฮأ㸮ϣų¼ԱүӣĴЦ
ûһһ泩
̫ˬˣ
ңүɻǣӦУǱ˵ߵĽصףûԶ롣
ѣ
Ÿʲôѣÿһˣеûأ֮£¼Ĳŭ
ǣ³¼ĲǽؿⶼˣҲûҵκνӰӡ
ʧ֮£¼ŲԺԺ˽һʱһ񣬳¼۾ˡ
ô죬콫׳ˣôѡ
ߣ
½쳯֮ϣҪǲܸһͣҲ˾ٱ¼ҲнȻȥةฮѲǳ¼һ׳죡ǰүӱޱ⡣
Ұңۿų¼Ҫ뿪Ҷܵ϶ȴǼˡ
Ҫǽ³֪
¼ĿĿҶ档
Ҷ沢û֣ǿүӡ
үӰüһ͵ϵıҸ̥һ²ܸϷһǳ¼Һϼɽ֣ȡһ
һոձҶſ϶ȴǳݴʢ
ɫѿ˼ֵĳ¼ȴˣߣܷ𣿡
һڳƶȴսܵĹһͷɥ뿪
ʵҶ˼ǲ׵ķ϶뿪ġ
ﵱĻүӣĿǰǸʲô״үԣҶԷˡ
һ壬Ȼһڲι
ǰѸĳ¼뿪ʱǵˡ
ʮƷʯؿؽã¼Һϼңһǧ׳ū
һ˿ΣѾֺܳʱˣڻڣмֵģ˿ڡ
Щ׳ū
һĵۣһǧ׳ū
ǻιء
¼ҺϼҸһǧ׳ūһֱ⳥ֻҪүӽܣζ֮ǰ϶ֵ̥ͩ£ǽҹˡ
ʱһˣȫͩǵԺ
۵ȻҶĵҩסˣǹǶϽۣЩҪΪ临λ
ʱһһ¼ϼ⳥в֮ɫ
ͩ˾ţټ϶۳ϵı֣ʱһȫǣڶϣû
ϷˣʱüǵѪǺεȵıһǧ׳ūܹصģҪ˵¾Բưա
Ϸ˷ɧǰԺѾϢϷȻһǧ׳ū
£ǽҹˡ
Ϸ˵ɫʱЩѿˡ
ûʱүӽϷҲҶǣ˦ӣү£ǳûѵʱôͣ
ûѣ
үӺϷһۣĿһɨ𣿡
ģƾһ¼ңϰϼң͸˲˹ص˺Ƥ⻤
ةฮϷתӡ
ةฮ𣿡үͻȻޱȵָָգҿָʹߣ»λŮ
Ů£
ûѵϴô𣿡
һϴϷϾ͸ʹ֮ɫ˫֣ѾǸλˣҵĴˣǶϱҲˣϷŹ𣿡
ҪŹǣһ֮λҶŮҪŮүӳ̾һֹ
һ̾ȴϷʲôһѵΪ
ͻȻ䣬ϷͷӣʵѵĽﵽʲô
ʲôүһ޹Ҫнǻվ˵
죿Ϸһɻ˰үӶĽյļѶ͵һʱ䲻һдĸɱ˳ǣȻѰݡ
ֻԷһ
үӳɹĽϷ˸ɻȥˡ
Ҷ֪үӿ϶Ŵܣǽ϶¹شҪȻϷҲš
ǣôأҶȴԽԽͿˡ
ֻԼ鷳ƺŮλйأүӷ򸾵ĴӺͶϱƺ˶
࣬õ鱨
ˣͩտó۶鲻ȣΪңޣˣһ¡뿪ʱүӺȻҶ档
õүү
ҶүӵҲ˵ֻǾĸš
һֱߵľ԰һʯǰүӲʾҶ¡
лл㣡үӺͻأĿڡ
Ӧõģ˭Ŀḁ̊́ͩ
ԣүҡҡͷ֪˵Ĳ
ĸҶиɻ֮ɫ
˵ǡ
ү˫ĿտȻĶҶ棬ǽȻϷ֪˺ַţӦþϷڣȻַŻԭɣ
˻
Ҷ͵صһүүǸн
װ
үүʲôװģղ˵ǽڹؼʱ̱͵ˣȻֱͻˣҶ𾪡
үӲţ˫Ⱪ䣬Ҷϻ￴ʲôȴʲôҲ
үӷŽҶ浥ҶѾµʲô˺׼
ǽҶȷʵСŻԭ
û취ûջشռ䣬ҲûŽʱ䣬ֻš
ϱߵطУԴүӵϢҶӦһ£ǷʱҲƲ
ŻȥѵүѰ׷
үӵĻɣҶڶ΢е飬Ҳϡ
ϾҲ
ҶһǿߣӵлУүô롣
ԣλɣҶ涼ϣû֤ݡ
ȻҶ뷨Уүڻмʶ㡢λĸ֮ˣҶѰҲµ䣬а
ǣҪҲõҶ潫Ϊָ࣬үλǿǰԱ֮֮󣬲ŻѰһ
ڣүҶǰǴüĿүүҶҲ˿Ⱪ¶Լ
ÿһڲǰüĿүүʱһɷɱף
ү䣬תκԥģ
ȻҶƵĺܸɾүӻûô׷ŹҶ棬ϸѯҶΪ
ϾҶܽص϶һ£̫ס
ҶҲֱܹ˵ľʾһɽ֪ͨүԵɺ֮£ѧǿͨǡ֮ǰڵսͽõֳ֮϶⣬϶
ɣ

լڣҺүû˯ڿ˼
һ⣬벻ͨ죬˭ڰ
ڳ¼˴ǰǽߣ뿪ֽ֮ǽŻԭ
˭أ
ʼɷԪȫ£ȷʵֻصΪ
һصߣǾûôıµġ
ǻ˭أ
ͻȻ䣬үһݣѵǡ
һˣүϸϲ֮ɫǰаǽͽȥ׶ˡ
Ǽ£ҲͿԲȥˡ


2570 
Ѹ¼֮ҶڵĵλһڴСܼһҶ涼ͿĳһСү
֮ǰҶҲˡ
ǰҶȵ֪ܼңúһ𣬻һвſɡ
ûţҶʱضԳȻôӦš
ھҶĸƨһʱ䣬Ҷ󣬵Ҹ糤Ҹ̵ġ
ʱ˳ǣҶѾĲˣҶѾγһϰߡ
Ǿÿ죬ͱȻȥ˳߲¥һʱ
Ҫż䣬ҪݾСˣһ̳ƣϸƷֱ߲¥ڽ˿գŻת
ҶҲû취
ֻд̹룬֪Ѱжѡ
ĿǰѰҲ֮£ҲûκҶѾȷǻһĽջ塣
ǣҲΪԭ谭ҶѰˡ
ʵһ嵱У̽ϢЩѡ
һǴ̽Ϣķɻ䣬ǻӵأ֪˸١
Ҿ֪ˣҲӸλѽӴ
ЩڣҶ߲¥ڶһлᣬҶͻ·ԻĿȥ˳ǵһЩϢ֮ͨأ̽Ϣ
Ϣӣͷߣ˵˵ȵȣҶ涼취
ȴޡ
ǵҲܹõһ㽪ջϢǵ;˵һõûС
Ҷ߲¥߲¥ЩӵܴţżܵõһõϢȴѰҲûκô
ҲҶ潫Ŀǰ۳һͷ
ܴѹƺһ弸ʮǰһȨվйء
һ彪ջ壬Ӱչ壬һΪѪȻͳιܡ
ֻоŷڲҲϵأһֹɡ
ȻĿǰƣӦɡ
ԻŮΪס¡⡢ΪӧλŮŮҲλŮɳȥġ
бɣɡ
أĴ½ûһػغģúĵĺԴͬʱġ
νıأΪԴӺĻȡһԴ˿ԴԽһ˿ΣĴ½ΪԻһĿǰʵ˿ڻʺš
ɾ͸ˣΪڶߣúõķչͺãɱɱʲô
ϧǣõ鱨ҶĿǰĿꡪѰҲ¶ԣûжô
ҶȻȦ˺üĿꡣ
һٹҶӡƿΪָҪҶ滹Ҳµ䣬ôҶҪһЩеҪȡֶΣԻȡ鱨
үɫˡ
ż⴫˳ҶӦһƵĻת
ջصԼСԺЩݵסҶ֣Ҹ磬ôԽԽˣⶼˡ
˭粻ȥġҶ淴һ
粻ǽҪ˵еѾһĲˡ
籾ҪҶţȴͩˣͩеĺѾӣԻˡ
ˣҸ磬ղŹܼүү˵ȫҪһԷ˵
Ҷɫʱͱˡ
ҪȫһԷҶʱһͷ
ʵԷķΧǺܺõģүӷ򸾱ͺƣϴѲ¼֮󣬴Ҷ͸ˡ
ǣͩ۵ĺӶˣͩȻԻͦС
أƽĲƽ
Ҫ˵ǵĴߴ٣񣬶ҶЩͷƤ顣
ǰҲ
תʮָʲǰһȻ
ҲĿǰź
Ҷ濴ȥܺã罺ġ
ǣȴֻԼڻ֮
Щҽνʣ׻̥ȫǳûǸô
ǿա
ҶȻ֪ķգʵҲҶķա
ȻҶȥǾͱȥˣүү˵һ˵㲻Ӧû¡
Уүү˵ˣҪȻԡ
ҪҶȻֻܵͷ
ûãҶһǰԺԷĻ
ִʱͩ͵ˡ
Ҷ浽ͩվҶ΢΢⡣
ϴҶ֮ͩǻ˸һȫǰǸС㡣
÷˰ЦŽҶӭλ
ۺҶͬԺĴ½Ȼ׽ЩټҶ˶۵ϵǳĺá
ףͻˣ
λС˸֮֮ʱҶ濴ŶһȻ
ߣⲻͻƵġЩ⡣
ϴˣү鵤ҩҲһ²Żָ
ϴ֮󣬶ܵ˴̼һһ޸Ϊս
˺̶ڣΪȻأֱӴؾأڡ
йأҲүӸǱٳɵйء
֮£ҶҲǰãŽΪ¶Ϊضѡ
Ҳء
ڼ䣬ֻ£Ҷȴ¡
Ҷ˼䣬۾˷ܵĺ棬һԵ䲻˵ǵϢ
һɲǣֱͩӳֱ֣ӽĶšĴתʲôвڣСӳӲ˲ǣУ˭
㣬֡
㣬ɡǽҴˣ㣬Ҵ˻ﵱģȴЦһš
ЦУүӷǶ


2571 
ļ粢û塣
үүﱲԷûиԭֻǶ龫ֵŮԭպɣһֱЦнС
˳ԵĲˣүӴһһһùˮֱӣһ
Ҷ֪Ҫˡ
ţº˳̥ͩȣ۶ΪҲٴͻˡ
檣ҲУ˵ϲ
үһڣĿҶϡ
С֮ͥУĿǰҶûκζ
μӼ֮ǰҶ֪ôһ£û뵽үӾȻ˵֣ء
˿˻ڴĿע£ҶľЩԲˣ˵ˡ
ۻãС˸ȴǵҡͷԣҶ漷üŪ۵ġ
Ҷǰǰ˿СʱˣҲǺˡ
СӣҲкܶӵܵϰԣ٣Ҳûе竵ĳ̶ȣүӵĹܽƽʱϵġ
ʱҶ漷üŪۣ˼ײ㿴ҶС檶ӶˣǱ߻һ㶯ûС
ԴˣҶֱӣŤͷ
һ㣬Ҷû취һƴ˼
ĿǰûеԭûҶԲҶ濴Ҷһ㣬Բ˷Ҳа
ںĴ½ʱҶʦηɰ˶ڶһ㶯ûС
ҶΪйϵ
ΪԽߣԽѡ
ǻΪ˿ԭⷽоһ㡣
ӵΪڽһΪͻƽŮеĻʾʹ١
һ
ҪͻƵҪþ͸ˡ
ԣΪֹΪүĿ۷壬һֱûͻơ
ҶƵǣΪʱҲûܸкӰ
ҶƺҲҵһԭ򡪡ͻƣ
ϵͻƣ
ڻһУɫԪˣҪĳͻȻͽΪɫԪ飬ʵͻһ֣þͻޱȵļѡ
ɴ˶ۣҶģô꺢ٵԭ򣬿ܾΪʹɫɫԭ
һˣҶԶ½ɳĳ
ͻȻ䣬ҶЩˡ
򣬽ʲôأȥ㲻װɣô£
ģҽ㼸
񱻻ѵҶ棬ֱӸＸҿСƤˣ
н֮ɫ
۷ΪܾˣҶǰЩӲضѣǣʲôʱʲôص㣬ֻҪҶﱩ;Զ㲻ˣǰ׼ҲԶ㲻ˣŪֱûƢ
ȫڵģүͷʹһȻ͵ؾ¶˾ġ
ҸվǶݵģҪ볤ãվҪǼ£ǲҵĸ
һȣͰ
Ƕ֪ΪɳԶԭǵĻ˴ȱڡ
ǰŮ´ʥȫ֮ڣѡԲȱڡ
үӵĿϼһɨ
ǻ磬йӵܵĽͨպãһְٰûκġ
ңлõԵгһգͻƵҲ⡣
һ£ֵ
Ůµּ⣬ŮޡңŮ˴඼УͲȥˡ
Ϸ˼ǣöۡȥΣ
үӿ˵֮ʱҶѾ֪ܾôˡ
ְţҶûκ
ΪҪü²ܾĥʱⲻĥء
ȫƾүүšҶһ̬
ҲȫƾүүšҶΪ˵ĶҲű̬ʵүүǲ֪ʲôѡ׼ܲܶѡϣ
ԣүӹЦİɣΪһһľӣΪҪû⡣
ңΪ壬ϱʮѡƼȫѡ
үүܲܲȥüëˡ
úõĶ治ȥ˹ܣⲻҲ
ԣԸǰ޼˾Ļүӵ˵
ʱͿˣӽˮ˲Żȥǰ޼˾
ֻܶѡһүǲ֮ɫ
үүȥȥ
赭дģҶЩɻ
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λүӣԼҶҲ飬ˣǿɾͲһˡ
ԣ˵ҪҶȥҶͱܵľ⡣
ȸΪȻȥôôǳԶı
ҶǣүӾȻӡҵĶҲҪһͬȥ
е㲻ϳˣҶ벻ͨˡ
Ҷ汾Ϊүһź϶мƻ˵ΣգȴҲ˽
ʵҶ濴͸
͸鿴͸Ҷ滹Ȼ˰š
ȥ˻ӴȺһ˵Դҵµء
һȥɽҶжûôˣĴ½ĶϵҪȽһ¡
ҹҶ˯һӰȴֱݵصף׼Ĵ½Ǳϵ
Ҷ治֪ǣ뿪ûã˯еһϰԵıҶʱ򣬱˸գ͵ؾˣԼ״Ҷָסˣ


2572 ֮
Ҷ뿪Сʱ䣬Ĵ½ľƱ仯̫
ҶΪĵǣݹϽ£ǳƽȡ
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㡢졢ڵ˵ķӦڵȣȹܺˮΣŻӦ
뿴ܶˮ̶̳Ⱥͱ̶ȣŻһж
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ڳǵħڶʮһоܹܽ۱ȽϱСĹ򣬺òƸԭˣжжչʾһԼĴڸУڻתڣؽڶʮһ
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ڷİ鱨֧֮£Ƹԭ֮ĵһսͱʦηɰ׼ȷѻ
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ʱҶǱͻȻ䱧ָѵġ
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㷢ɢҶ˵ͷҶ棬Ҳûп𵭵Цݱɻ
ãҶ桢ۡ£үӷ򸾶Уࡣ
أֵ£ÿʮ죬ɻؼ죬ҲõģҲʮĹǾͻϷ˿Ů飬ЦŽ
˵һһĸ䱾ʣеİ˳ӵܣʵǹӵܡ
˵ĵطǻУҲࡣ
ǰЩǿˣҵĵ˲٣ǽȥ֮һҪСġ
Ҳ̫ģҵҲ١
һ㣬һҪرע⡣үӵޱȡ
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ӵܣûԹҲܣȻ֪ǵط֮
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2573 ˷
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ףɽ忴ȥƣǷûУɽڻɽǻ鹬ǰġ
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2574 
ҶĿǰ컯˺ȤҶ֪С컯ڵɹʲô仯
Ҷֱӵеȼߵ컯

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ҶȻģȴݣ


2575 Զ
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Ŀ⿴ȥɲǣͼһλϢӰӻɽ߲ʻڷһͷ·һֱӳ˾УϿա
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2576 鱦֮
һ߲ʻߵȨߣǴϣȻϣ£Ǵ˾
ڻһУ˾ֻһְλҪǸܵȣһĴ˾һְࡣ
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鱦б壬Ȼ޾ǣ鱦顣
˵߲ı壬һޱȵ߲ʻ壬֮鱦߲ȵľ߲顣
ڱ߲飬ֻ߲Ϊ˱ԼĻ壬ԻһԻ˵Ƕѡ
ҲΪܣ߲ŵܹɳΪ鱦
ҪԪ鰢˵ʵ߲νı߲ķҪҪǣ߲ڵĵطһ߲ı塣
Ϊ߲Ҫ⣬һƣҲһı幩
֮ǰ߲ķڣضһ鱦߲塣
ҶܿͷӦˣ߲ķڣ鱦߲壬Σ
ҵˣҶ滹ܽ͵߲ɣ
߲飬鱦ʮа˾һλ컯ˡ
˵ҶĿǰΪҶҲһλ컯ˣҲ߻ߵ߲顣
鱦ɲʯͷ˭߾˭ġ
ħ̫£鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫõˣ޷ɹշ
֮£ǿӲֶǿϰܹ꣬ǿһܡ
ȴҶʦŴ˵ߡ
ԣԪ鰢˵߲ıһֿڴˣҶҲһ㲻ϲ
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Ԫ鰢󳹵һƤ񣬡˵Ҷϴҵľͺãһҵ߲ı壬˵׼кأ
ʲô£Ҷɻ
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Ԫ鰢˵꣬ҶĵУһֱСĤеıը졣
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һжҪ߲ı֪˵ꡣ
ԣҶüͷһ壬ҿսޱ޼ʣôҵ߲ı壿
һ˵־磬߲ͨ߱Ϊݻġ
ı壬һԣģŷ硣
ԣҶϴֻҪ㶢һһֱǰֻҪ̫ܹı򡣡
֪߲ݻж󣬿Լɣܹɵı򣿡
Ҷϴ֪˰ɣ鱦Ҳ飬ݻһ磬ҲҪĲҲıԡǾǾԲ̫˷Լ
ƶϣʱľ磬Ӧò̫󡣡
̫󣿡Ҷ̧ۿǰܵ϶ǣѾ˳һ׷˿Сʱˣ
Ӧÿˡ
Ԫ鰢ɲǣҶͫһ鶸䡣
ͼǰ϶ͻȻһתȻҶ漲˹һ׹⡣
תۣͻȻ
ټҶ׷ôãַڸԪ鰢߲飬϶˼ľĲˣ϶ʱҲѡķǳá
һˣһ׷һҶʱͽ϶ĹΧ֮ڡ
˲Ϣ䣬϶˫ĿϹʢɫΪɫ⣬ش϶˫ĿбޱȵĺҶš
յҵģɣ϶Ц츳ͨô
϶Ѿõһη
Ҷͨı֣϶ľ
ھսҶնɱˣ϶ӵľսʤҶ棬Ȼû˶ģδսˣ´
ǣ϶Ȼͷһؼ㡪Ҷ棬ҲʵԺĴ½ֻһͨӵģǻˡ
ǻΪҶɫ⣬Դھзûˡ
ҶһҲûɶô
еսֶΣǿ似ͨ
ǣͻȻ϶͵ķӦʵǻˣֻһӵɫͨѡ
ɫ꣬ɫ꣬ѹԵƣлᣬͿشֱԷꡣ
ʶһ㣬϶ʱƣΪͻͻɫشҶ棬Ȼٳûնɱ
ʱ˿̣϶ɫֱӺҶڣʱ͵ĴЦ
ˣ
ļƻˣ
ɫ֮£ҶһԺĴ½ɫ壬Ҳش
һɲǣ϶ǸոſĵЦ͵ס
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϶ˣҲˡ
ôܣ
Բܣ
ʶģ϶ͽ츳ͨɫΪɫ⣬߶£·һһһεĳҶš
϶ɫеҶ棬ȴһûһ϶һЦɫ⣬츳ͨ
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һɲǣ϶ɫ⻹Ҫɫ⣬ͻȻʹҶ˫
ô϶˫صɴ󵽼£ҲڴʱһϽɫĽҶԺɳһͽ϶һס
ɽ̫ң϶Ǽ⻪ո𣬾ͱһ˺ѡ
һɲǣ϶ոնݳҽжûüͻһ̡


2584 ߲鷢֣
ɱ϶֮Ҷûκεԥŷ׷ķȥ
ȻԪ鰢ûо˵ʲôôһҶԪ鰢һȻ̫ףⷽ棬ûпӹҶ档
鱦ĺô϶
ҰԪ鰢˵߲黹Ƕ鱦
ܴıõһĺöô϶ǳ
һɲǣҶ潫ٶȴ߶˼¡
ڵĴ羫ڣȫԼٶȣһӼ䣬ʮ
̶Ϣʱ䣬Ҷͱǧ
Ӽ䣬ͻأģҶͻȻһִĳֱĤ߹Ļĸо
ǰ⻪͵ش䡣
ԭɽдеľ죬һɲȫʧ
ǰأر߲ʹ⻪
ǰأҫ۵߲ʹ⻪ƺһ߲ʵ磬ԶɽۣҲ߲ʵġ
Ҷͷ͵һʱˣӦþǰԵ߲ı
˵ȷģһֱĴ߲ı尲֮ء
Ҷϴ˵ûɣԪ鰢ʹߴҶ죬Զ߲ɽ߲ɽǰǧҪ㳬սʱ
ã
ҶӦ֮£
Ҳһɲǣ䶸
Ҷȫ£رһĪ⻪סĪĹ⻪ޱȵĿֲȻҶ˿ãá
⻪һ𣬾ͽҶԭء
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ˣܱ߲鷢ˣҶڵо
ⲻܣԪ鰢£ֻ߲ù־ݣ־ܹע⴦սע⵽㡣
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ڴʱһͻȻҶ𣬡ξʤѷ֣ڶӻʤлھսߣȫʱ볡
һɲǣҶǰ⻪ٴһãǰ߲ʹ⻪ͳͳʧǰй⻪ʱҶѾھУڡ
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Ҷ棬ȴǰԿЦѣ⽫ŵġ
ݽսڵļ򣬽вʤͳȴҶŵԷˡ
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ͬһɲǣУڣ˳Ļ
һͬͳĲĽٻӳڣɨһȦҶ滹úõģʱʹЦų˹
׷϶ȥǻ㣬Ҿ֪û£
ʤˣǴʤˣ
һڻҶΧģѵģȻֱӽҶ졣
Զ˵ĵڶӵǧĲζ
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û뵽ǵڶӾȻӮˡ
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ͻȻ䣬̨ϾͱһˬĺӰĴЦ
ϳ¡ϣãðڶʤˣÿ˵øϷʮƷʯүӴ˿⣬ɤűӻҪ
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ʮƷʯԣ࣬Ҳˡ
ʱװ׵үӣޱȵʹ
ԭǺ֣ȵ֪ڻֽŵϢͲ߷үӰŵ֡
һֱ·ңĳ¼ϼҵУѡһǵѡ
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үӣ𿴴Լ˷ǳĺƣҲһ⡣
ӹöָٴιЦãù
ޣˣ֮ǰҵĹڣһǳ˽ᣬ˽˹
ֻεͷϼүҧڵͷ콫ҧѪˡ
ڻ˽ƨ
ڣû˽ᣬˡ
֮ǰɱ棬ɱºޣûأ
ϣɵʲô£˵ӿ϶ӮҲŸһֿҵ϶
㿴ҵ϶ûţֽԼ˶ʮƷʯ
ңһΣҲԶģڻѺעȫˣ
ʹµĳ¼ү˳죬ʹԹ
Ҳһӻԩޡ
Ҳһ˿үһΣٴ׬һʡ
үӶԶģҲڻѺʮƷʯע
ȫˣ
ʯˣҪǣ컹
ʯֶɼүӵĴ˿̵ķŭ
ߣȥôõһƣȻ֮ãֱһ
ˮͺһʹĳ˾УĴӵʱء
϶ǧ϶أڵĸϵŭң
һڵĴӵĻæǰ񣬰չմ״ʵģλүĳ
˿̳ȻѰǧ϶
һȦȴûзǧ϶Ӱ
λϹүûҵǧ϶ˣ˵ûǧ϶˴Ӿս
ʲô͵һΣָ״


2585 ɱ¼
϶ûдӾսֻζһܡˣ
Уھݽ֮ûбӾսͳĻǣִֻһ
û⡣
ԣϼүһ϶ȻûӾսǰһڣһΣΡ
һԵĳҲǴһ
֮ǰǸȻҲӣϼϵĴޡ
϶Ͳһˡ
ĵ֮һѪ츳ϼѣᣬѾǽصΪ
иϰĹһΪͻƵ϶ͻΪϼҵ֮һ
ڻ磬һǿǿǿ
ǿĿһǿĸ
ҪȻٶĲƸҲܲסʵȨơ
ڻ磬ʵȨġ
ʵȨȨиʵ
Ҫǣ컹֪϶ϼڶļλصĿ֮һպ֮λľߡ
֮⣬϶Ҳϲĺ֮һ
֪һĳ죬æס˷εҲ߳ȥٲʣ϶Ϊǧ򳤣ôܳ
췢ŭټģǻֻٴǰȥ̽һȥͽ¼ˡ
¼ʱһء
ʱһ˿ϾξżĻǽ٣ǵǧһûһӡ
½϶
¼ɫһϹүǸڰ
һףʱü
ϹүոոԴ˾ϵԴ˾Ѿϵʥ飬Ѿ˴ξߵʬ壬˳϶Ҿڣ
˵꣬¼һ֣󷽾оʿһͷʬ̧˹ǱҶնɱ϶
һϤףȴͷ룬۾һɣؿһģ˵ʲôɻδ˵ŭ֮£ȴ˹ȥ
һԵĳ뼸λϼҺˣæƹѪðΣ˹
ѹһ𣬡ǿ˭˭ɱϷһҪʬϣ
ţ͵ͷ׷ըһͷֱ˶ɵޡ
նʱ
˭ɱ϶Ѳ顣
е¼ڣѾӲսĻУʳ˴Ρ
Ϲү϶֮йأУкܶ˿϶ӣֻǵһ·׷ȥ
˵Ϣʱ¼ЩΡ
϶һصǧ򳤣һССصĻŵİӣ׷ɱʱ˵ʵЩˡ
϶صĽ졣
ʱɥŭ𣬻ŭһ֣ǻŭйĿꡣ
ģŭ֮£ҪԶүӶ֡
˼æס
ԴˣүȴһҲ𣬷ЦϣԸķ䣡Ǿݣвˣ治𣡡
ҪŮˣԿŭ
ǲǻĺúõģֻһ˰ˣүЦ
ͿһС
ֻǣ϶֮Ҳǳ𾪡
ʵ벻ͨôھս֮ڣնɱ϶ġ
Ͼ䡯֣ܹ˳ս
벻ͨѵ϶صΪ䡯ֵĻᶼû
үһ̼׵ıŭˣͷһǡÿ˲Զڶӵļء
ʱҶ桢ҲǵѪ˿˫Уޱȷһ۾ͳˡ
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һŭȣس𣬵۷ϢױȻҪһе˹ȥնɱҶ档
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ϷҪΪѪޣŭȼ䣬ǿƹǧȥס
ϹүǾݣ
ǧһȣŨʹ⻪ģʹ⻪ɢǿޱȵɫԪ鲨һΣһһһʱʹӼŭбѹ
ȻϺ֪꣬ŭĻǼٵġ
֪ǾݣǴûһξݣһսôɣ
ξݳһս˲ˣһξݣһԾսĸ˵ϼѪ
ıɱ
Ǳ
ɱˣ˻ߵŭָص쳹ս
ϵģ㻹Ҫүӵʱ𣬡˭ⱨ
֮ǰ棬⵱棬Ůףͼŭǡ
˵˭ıɱ
أ㻹Ҫ
һûأᷴ׽϶ֵģ͸ȥ鹬һүӷƣ˲Ϣ쭵ߣֱЩƻ
ڳĻǣҲǷ׷׵ͷ
¶ϾϼҲȡ
˼ɷ棬ףҪսڣҪʲôƵģ
ǡǡҲɱ˰ɱӵܰ˵һһһ˶ϡ٣ܾںİһξݣĸεˣ
޷ߣʱʹ˸ƣơ
Դ˾ͳˣΪϹү˵ûɱ¼һҪ飬¼Ҳڵ
Դ˾ͳ콪ǧضһۣͬʱͷû£һ᳹鵽ף


2586 û
˵ʵҶ滹ǵ͹˻߲ķӦ
Ҷ汾Ϊȫھݹ֮ɱģû⡣
û뵽һ߲ķӦҶлҪĶࡣ
Ȼĳ顣
μӾݵĻǿܿҶɱ˵Ļһȫȥʻ顣
ҵǣɱϣҶû¶
ңڶӵĻֵǣһȫҶ˵
ͼӴ׵Ľ϶ͩ£˵񹲷ߡ
ҶĶӳֱԣǿʱȷʵҪɱۡ
ɱ˶ⷽ棬Ҷ˳ء
¼ص㣬Ҷĵȫһ¡ʵ
˶ɻҲܲ⣬ҶĿǰصΪôնɱ˽ص϶أ
֮Ϊ̫ˡ
ôΪ࣬϶䡯ֶûẰ
ԭõĽµĶӦ־ݵԴ˾
ǣԴ˾ԴҲһֻ֪Ǵ߶߲ѡ
Դ˾ѯһ߲飬Ҳûеõ𰸡
߲Ļشܼ򵥣ڵ磬һֱǰݹ£ʱʱעÿһսϸڡ
գ£˶û
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һɲǣҶоǿԪϣֻҪвʱͻ϶˵ѡ
Ȼξ˹㲻ܽʵôͳֻܽϸۣˡͳ콪ǧ࿪ˡ
һԣĶҶ棬޲ھɱҶ档
һĮȴھ˸ǿԪϸ֣ȻעҶ״̬ЩǿԪپгһݡ
үӴ˿ҲȴԴ˾ÿڣҶκԴ˾ֳһүӡ
˿̣үһĵȻȻı£ȴż
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ڿУ
ǣǲүĵ⣬ҪǣǸ˴үӹĵõ˳ء
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ӣҪɱҺͶۣҲԴУô򵥡Ҷ͵
Դ˾ĬȻȻҶǱȽ˵ģһԵĳ¼ȴŭˣҪתƻ⡣
ڵǣʵʵնɱص϶
Ҷ棬¼˿ҲǺ޵ҪɱµĽͽнǧţнѻĳ嶯ˡ
ʵ⣬ܼ򵥣Ҷͻش
ܼ򵥣͸ǿ¼Ц
Ϊһ鱦
ɫɲǣϵһԽĽϽɫĽ⣬شҶԺɳ
һɲǣԴ˾ʱ;Ʒ鱦ɱ齣
ҶĵУ鷢һһƷ鱦ϢαװƷ鱦ʵǲˬ
һƷ鱦ôնɱ϶֮£ͿԽ͵ͨˡǧ˵
һԣ¼ȴǼˣȵȣ԰һߣĺ鱦
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ԣ鱦ޱȣںĴ½ҲޱȵһС䣬ôӵк鱦ҲǼˡ
ԣ鱦ģԴ˾ٴοڡ
ԣҶ΢΢һЦĿ⿴үӣǵүүϹү⣬ҵģ
˵Ŀ⿴үӣүɫ䣬΢΢תͷԴ˾Ŀʾܷ񿪿ͷ˵ڻԴ˾֮һɤӡ
Ϸģƥү˵
վܣƥҵǵҵףһܲԲһ鱦
үȴǳһԭҵļҵ׺ֲǰЩҵĸۡҲ˽
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үӼ仰ͽĴӵۣĩˣүȴԴ˾һҾԴ˾˱Ҽ洫ģֻ˶һֱûл
Ϊ֮ǰѸУ˳½ֵ϶Ϸİȫͽ˱û뵽ó
үӲϽ仰ͽҶӹİԲ޷죬¼ſڽ࣬춼벻˷
ȻˣǴ¾ˣʹɢ˰ɣԴ˾һԶ׵˽˴£ҶүӴҡڵ뿪ؿھѣûٴε
֮´ڣֻʣ³졢¼ˡ
ͻȻ䣬Թޱȵ͵𣬡ϳ£ŪϧһдۣҲҪŪйͷ֮ޣ


2587 Ѻ;
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үӸǿЦ
һҲΧҶ棬ƵƵƣϷҲԶƱҶ澴һơ
һ̾㡣
ҶƲңϷȴǷǳ֣ȾͩеĺͶۣ־˶ۣüҽͰѻˣӽҵŮ
˭˵ŵģֻʲôģ⣬һȥ
ϷЩֵ֣ӽУ͸һ޷⡣
˵꣬Ϸһֵ
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ﻹһƤЦģ̣ôĸҰ˵˵ҶͶ¼
һԵͩҲƵƵҶ澴ƣһΣ֮ʵʵġ
Ҷӽۣǳ׵УΪһԱǣү⡣
ȻɢȥҶںСԺ·ϣȴܼҸ֪үںԺ鷿Ⱥ
鷿ڣݺõѾƲ裬Ҷүû˵ֻʾҶ£Ȳ衣
ҶҲԣ̹Ȼ£үӹ۲Լ
ã۲Ҷ죬Ҷûκξִ֮ɫүӿЦ
Сӣ治򵥣ʵ򵥣򶨹Ҳ򵥣ȻϷܹˡ
˵ɣʲôүпżɽ֮⡣
үȻĽӹҶ׹İĸԲˣүԸȴƵģȻҶˡ
Ҷ²յүү˵Цˣʲôҵүүһ
ֻүүһӱսҵӶѡ
ӱսҵӣүӺǺһЦһӱսҵӶһƷƫϵĺ칥鱦
ҪǺĴ½˴뱲Ӷûл쵽һ鱦ĵǣǰ׻ɣ
˵ɣ˵˵˵絽ҪʲôǴļϸϷҲԷһү˿Ҷ˵
ϸүү˵ЦˣҶЦҡҡͷһЩڲͬϣ˭ûأ
Цţүӵ۾үү㲻ҲǸҺͶһٳɻ˱ԴԪ𣿡
һүӻվ㶼֪ˣ
һ֪үүǵĵҩǿԲ汾ԪԲһԪҩ
Ҹ֪үүͽǿǨ϶вɸ˵Ŀġ
үүܷңôΪʲô
үӵɫ䣬գǻΣлҪҪ
үүҲеĸӺƣǴǡҶĻһ䡣
ô˵үүﻹүӿЦ
ȻҪȻҲὫԼΪҵһӡҶЦ
ԣүͻȻҲЦڣϷƱжˡ
һֱˡҶϧ
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ԺֻҪүүԸ⣬һҵάҵ棬үүֻҪģҶ
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ллүүˣûˡ
һҾ֮Ҷ뿪
һһ٣̶̵Ľ̸УһʱԵĽס
ҶҵүӵһЩΣİţүӣ˻Ҷڻ֮⣬Ҳ׷ҶĹȥܡ
ȥ·ϣҶ滹Щԥ
ʵڸղŸүӴ潻׵ʱҶ漸嶯ֱӸүӿѯйزµ顣
үĻƹ壬˵֪Щʲô
գҶ滹סˡ
үӱϾǻһƹ壬ڵδ֮ǰóȻڣܻ鷳
ϾĿǰǻˣҲ򵥡
Ŀǰԣȡ
ҪʲôҲõҶΪȫָ֮
ڽҶٴǰӪͩ棬Цֻ۵һĨΪ֪Թ
תӪĵڶһ磬δʼ֮ǰоִټ
μˡʣҶֻһ
û˵ʾ⣬ױһݻӳƣ˸Ҷ档
һξֲڶӵİܾ֣棬ʧ
ΪڶӵСӶӳ˵
ҶٴолھְĽҶ֮УĻȴҶ֮⡣
йͣľְǣһҪ㣬εΪܲסĿҶ˵
ֱԣкβףҶʵ
ޱָָգϱ߶ܲһξսˣӰشѾͱةฮ˵Ů¶ˡ
Ҷü¾ةฮŮʵǳϣֻʼ磬ˣµʱû취϶һҪɱҸۣͣ衭
ͻһסƣΪЩͣǸһʵһξɱ¼Ѿ˸߲㡣
ͻȻ䣬Ҷ˹Ѻ;档
лѣ


2588 Ҳǲ
Ҷ滻ϻӳתʱֵϲ֮ʡ
ۣ˰ͣʱͣۼ⣬һ־ʹ
˲Ϣ䣬ڶӵĲݳؾͷڶӳһĻǣ׷˷ޱȵΧȥ
һɣҶ棬ʱʱĸҶһȭڶ͵಻ڶ
û⣬ôˣҪȥ߲¥ԣҾ³û˽ʰ
û£ȱҰ㲹ϣкʵϵĴҶֱۡ
һһξݲûӮɣ˵òˡ
ף˼ǲ룬˲ʶֵܡ
˲Ϣ䣬ֱҶˣ룬ֵǳԷ
߲¥һ߲¥
һʱ䣬УЦֳһƬ
˽ȻͬģȴԵڶǧΪ׵İٶ
һڼǰľУ̭ڱΪڶӾѾˣѾ˺ܾá
Ȼ˵Ҷչʤ֣ȴ޹ء
ǧ⼸ŭ
ǧ򳤶̭ˣȴܴһֲбܽΪʤǳ衣
Ĵڣչʾǧ򳤵һǳĳ衣
Ǵʱ˿Ҷ˶ıĻӭǧķǳˬ
֮ʣһɣʮһŭ߳У
˭Ҳûϵǧʱ
ʵҲֻ֮£лΪͬţҲû˻档
ɽǧһᣬһµľپʹһִӵʿɱڵվ˳
ҶȻɹȻһЦǰǧ򳤴ˣΪҶҪоͷһ˰ˡʮ޶ѣҶǵҾ崸ƾ͸ࡣ
ǣҶһӦ
ǵһӶӳվ˳ǧ򳤴ˣֳģҪͷң޹ء
ǧ򳤴ˣǸֵģ޹أҪͷҡӶӳڰ˶ӶӳƸͬʱڡ
λǵʱҶһǰ£λӳˡ
ͬһɲǣµЩͷ׷վ˳ͬ˼
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ֻǾ棬ѹһµѣû뵽Ȼôķ²̨
ھУҶվһЭŵı֡
ҪҪǿоҲȥ
ȥˣǧڵڶӵҲȥһ롣
վҶߵٶԺָӵöŹ֡
ҪǲִУѳڣ˿ȴЩﻢ¡
Ȩȡᣬ֮£ҲֻܻԲ˵
οףķϣĹٷġ
лˣ
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ݾôһֲķΧпʼУҶҲʼʽεӶӳ
ӣԭܷ̭һӣ֮ǰҶִܵԭӳǧӰ졣
˿ҶӣҶֶΣܿʹһƬ
һʱÿʱϢһӡ
ϢϢҶϤ¶Աʱ˭Ҳûע⵽ǧһɫһεĽվ˳УֱӳҶս
Уǧ򳤿ӵʮ
Ҷӳ˵ܹͨնǿߣⷲţҶӳдһ
ⷲǱˣǸոձְԭӶӳԭְв̫ʱ֮⡣
Ҷ濴һⷲҡҡͷҵͨɱǲҪдΪá
һⷲɫһҶӳˣ
϶Ҷ£һ㣿Ҷ߳
һսҶⷲûˣĿ⿴ǧ
Ϊջⷲһֱӽָʹ¶˳
Ҷ״Ҳһ¡
ҶԭΪⷲսΪְԭԻû뵽Ȼǧڱ˲⸡֡
Ŀ֮£ǧҲװȥֻܴվ˳ҶӳⷲĽ磬ָһ¡
һ֣ȫԸûأأ
д裬в˵ģǾ㵽Ϊֹ˵ֲ꣬һ䣬Ǻ鱦ǲҪˡ
ã
ҶͷǧЦĸˣⷲͿ޼ɵĳ֣ڱҶһͨһǧ򳤵
Ҷ֮ǰնɱ϶ȫǼ鱦ûǼ鱦Ҷ治һСϺ׶ѣǿʵǰǴԲ
룡
Ҷ³ΪߴһصⷲҶʾ⣬һ̤һػóӰǵصնҶ档
Ҷб⵶ӰһҲеżޱȣȭͷ߬
ֱӰٳҶͻһΣһˣһ˳ʮɣ˳˵ӰΧⷲ߿ա
УҶȵ
㣡
ⷲе߳ŭŭһӰһɫնҶ棬Ƽ졣
һΣҶţֻڵͷ֮ǰһףⷲһ߿ա
߿յǿֱӽնһʮĴӣ
쳾ⷲƥĵըһţĲҶ档
ͻȻ䣬͵ɢȥⷲ˾ʹź˳ȥѪ磬һݣ
һֱⷲڳأҶ𣬡ѹ
ϣⷲǿ־壬ǿֲһȭ·ɽһʹۣǸܵˣһһȭУҶ滹˾
ҪȻܻܲŲؿھԻһ
սһڻȴǺȻųУҶγֵģûпսͽˡ
սǧҲһۺȻȫûϵǲú鱦Ҷ澹ȻҲôǿ
ⷲ˵شҶ棬Ҷʵû̽
Σڵϵⷲƺ߳ڴϢţҶ湰ֵл飡
һڻȻصΪһشⷲѾˣⷲȻ˵ˣ
жǿ
ⷲʵڣ֪ˣҶĵԺ󣬷Ż㣬ϱ˵ǹʹ
ⷲȻʶĿǧЩعζˡ
ĻҲҶôһ˵ĿⶼˢˢĿǧ
һɲǣҶȴǳǧǧ򳤴ˣĳţǧ򳤴³ͽһ֪ǧ򳤴Ǹңǲң
˲Ϣ䣬ֱ֮࣬


2589 үӵĵһ
Уڣž
еĻĿǧе֪ǧ׸ҲӦս
ֻҶ棬ֶĿǧһڽ
ڱˣУҪб˺ľ
Ҷɲǻеӵܣһϵ̸ᣬ۸ӣҪʲô£ء
˿һΣһִ
ôң
ô͸ҵս
Ҫⷲδ֮ǰҪǸֱսԥӦսݺݵĽѵҶ棬Ҷ֪ʲôʵ
ڣԥˡ
ΪҲ޷˸ɴĻܽڵⷲ
ɵȴˡ
֮ͥ£ǧҪˣӿɾˡ
ΪҪǣҶ潫ֱףָʹⷲսģⲻ󣬸˿̴һޱεľء
ҪӮ˻ãǾɾͳˡ
ľӣ¡塢ţ仰ͽһֻұ˵Сˡ
ûлӦҶеĲм֮ɫŨ
һ°֮󣬸һӦսҲӡ
ԥҵӣֻҶ˱ӻǱӣ
ôǧ򳤴ǲң䣿ǧ򳤴˲Ǽ֪µʵ𣿡
ǧ򳤴˲ңǾˡҶּҪա
ۿѾֱ֮ɫǧˡ
й⻪һãͻһʳǹ³ˡ
ҲңǷڿһ£ǧæΪԼԲ
ޣǧ򳤴ڿǺ£
ͻȻ䣬һɣֱӽеʳǹӵһԡ룬ǹۣǾֵܣ˾ͲˣԣҾñֵܱȱȭţ
һҶɫһ䣬ûЦ
е㶺
Ϊ˲Ҷ涯Ǽ鱦ɷĻȻñ
ȭžȭţǧ򳤴˷ģҲᶯǼ鱦
Ҷֱ׵ĵĿģɫһѿ
Ҳù
ƽõֶΣڹϵӣ˭ֱ˵˵ǲǵ
ϧҶ档
룡
룡
һͺȣһᣬ΢ڳһȭܣƾ͵رˡ
ȭУȻһͷɫΣɱ
ɫֻ𣬻δУȻɰʯ
УԵȴһĲޣǧĿ⣬˼ֲм
ΪǧǸǹֻǸӻģȴȭ
ҴĻħȭǲ̹
һ֪ϸĻǣ񶼱ˡ
ɱ
һŭһͻһͷɫͻҶ档
ɫͻ˳ХǻХȻ꣬⻢ħȭȻͨ
ħȭ֮µҶ棬һЦ
ĻħȭǾҶУȻ
һΣҶ沢ûеȵħȭٶ˹ɲǣҶҲˡ
ȻҶѾ˴µļƻǾҪִȥ
һ̤
ؼԪҶ۽
ɽ
Ҷһ̤ܱߵɽ֮Ҷ۶ҶеɽӡӦ
Ҷһȭƽƽĺ
УҶһȭһֱȭѡ
һȭɫȴǴ󺧣ĸоУҶһȭһɽ·ɽһĪ
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˲Ϣ䣬ˡͨ
ͨ
һɲǣɽȭӡ£Ǳȭӡɣȭӡ̺޾ɽ֮ĿѪ磬ֽ
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һаܵУ
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һȭ˷Բɽ֮ѣ
˿̣УڣҲѻȸ
̫ˣ
˵֮ǰҶնɱ϶ȻЩУȴǿź鱦֮
ǵﻰ˵ҪһɱƷ鱦Ҳնɱ϶
ڲһˡ
ʱ˿̣Ҷʵⷲǧġ
ּ𺳵һаܵУ
һвҰܵ˫ĿԲɣĶҶ棬۵Ĳ˼顣
㡭ǵΪôɡѪڣ˿һ仰˵˳
һŵҶһԻصϢǧ򳤴ˣǸϻˣҵΪҹոմͻƵءҶʱķųΪϢ
ԣֱᣬʲôʱΪˣҪ˵ͨ
ҶΪôͨ
ɱҶôĺؾܻһ
˵࣬ѪͷԽԽ˵
ŭ֮£Ȼ˫۷ס
ˣǧ򳤴ԣȥҽΡ
ԭΣҶĻⲻֳɵ̨
æ˹ȥ
ΧһƬȻ֮ɫ
ҶȴǰһЦ
֮󣬸ݻʵµѰҲµĳƻĵһ
ڣȽɭϣȽ֮ϢҶҪ뾡Ѱҵµ䣬ͱ쵽һλá
ھ֮ǨְҲԱȽס
ͬʱҲүӽҶĵһ
طӪǰүӿⵥҶ桪̵ʱڣΪһǧ򳤣


2590 ߲İйע
ڻУְǨףʵ򲻼򵥡
ľְΪ򵥣ӳǵͼ죬ǧ򳤾Ѿмˡ
ͳǧ˵Ǹ߼ˣģǻͳ͸ͳְˡ
ЩְУӳ任ƵҲΣÿһСݹ󣬶һֶӳְ¶ӳΣ仯ܴ
ͳǧǧ򳤣Ͳһˡ
٣жǧΪλġ
ԣǧְǸصְλ
ǧһְѡϣ߲Ѿ÷ǳˡ
ھеľܹСӳҪݾǧ򳤣ǳѡ
ү˵ǧ򳤵ѡؼ࣬뵱ܵˡ
һְȫɰѳĹҰѳ֣ǹӵܣڻһûʵȨҪ룡
үӣڻһҲй֮λЩҵĩ䣬ȥĴ½ĶӣҲŻ˸ǧ򳤶ѡ
ְ֮Ѿöûˡ
ϵĸͳ졢ͳһְ͸ˡ
Ǿ漰һڵĻڲζˡ
εĻŮΪǿƣϻεεĻͳһְɻŮġ
ͬʱĿǰԶںĴ½ĻӧҲԻݣͳ죬һĻ
ŵĿǰĻԱȱҶлᲹ
˽⣬£ҶҪǧ򳤣Ǻѵġ
˵ΪҶӳ⣬ү֧֣ҪһݾΪǧ򳤣ѹܡ
ڴˣҶ˺üƻ
һ򲽽Ҷ˻ǧ򳤣Ҳһεǧ򳤡
ҶϤ
ʱƿؾӿɲһְͿԵġ
ھУǳҪ
ԭҶ涨ļƻһѭ򽥽ļƻڣ޷Ϊǧ򳤣ҶҲҪΪεǧ򳤣ԱһЩԼĿġ
û뵽ӻΪԼ˵Ȼ˶ӣҪҶ档
ҶȻŹ˴õĻᡣ
ĴѹǧӰֳɹԼ
ĺ£ԭ󣬿һȴ͵ҶС
ֱҶǰ˼ƻĵһԼԽǧ򳤡
ҶĵڶܿǧļƻҲʼС
£ƻеѡ
Ͼǻͳһǩľ٣˵ܿվܹܿյġ
ϾԷӾΪְġ
żǧ´ľǾ
ǣÿһζСݡ
ºҶ붡ĵڶСڽС
ʱΪҶͷͷӾ
Ϊˣľ׼˾١
ֻҪҶΥľ׼һʱ佫ҶҲִ˾
ս֮У졣
Ծ֮նɱҶ棬˭Ҳ֡
ϧǣҶȴᡣ
Уؾһ㣬ͳ˧Ҷ棬ܲ
Ҷģֻ°֮һ顣
ʾǧ򳤴˵ְţЩףܻзܻʧܡ
֮ǰУϱҶһش˴ǧʱȥҶĽԣ
˵ʱ˭Ҳ޷ȷҶ˵ĶԴ֪Ҷ˵ǶԵģҲԲͣ
ԭҶҪҶ棬ԺľжУеĶӳҶǧ򳤵ľ
뷨ȷģҶķҲӦõġ
ǣȴ͹ҶֶΡ
ڶξݿʼûãļƻٴαоƣзʧء
ҶڶӵĵڶξݣԲҰܸգ
һСӳǣ׷ײ䡣
ͨĻһǧƷʯȻ̫࣬Ҳ⣬ʹѡ
ЩСӳǾĶˣǧƷʯʹѡ
Ҫ֪ʱݳ޵ȫʯǧƷʯҲСӳݳʱˡ
һʹ֮£ͷ׷˾ʱľ½顣
Թɴ˶
˾Ҫǧ˵Ľ飬ҲһξݾͲˡ
ҲͲʯˡ
ЩԹԣҲֻ˽ԹԶѣǧ򳤵ϻڡ
ֻһڶӳСҡƸ˾һʱŻֱӱԹǧֺʯˡ
ʵҶһΣ֮ǰڶȻһΡ
ʱɿ죬תۼǰ£ֵҶСݵʱˡ
ЩӼ䣬Ҷǳʵ
Ψһı仯Ҷʱͻһ£ĿǰҶϵΪأ
Ҷ֮Էǳʵԭ򣬵һԭҶ֮£ʵǻԿ
֮£ڶԭҪһ㣬Ҷڵڶξʱ֮ǰֵһξʱͷֵ鱦߲ıҶ涼û̽
Ҷڵڶξʱԭ̽һ̽鱦߲ı򣬰Ԫ鰢˵鱦߲ıڲͬ˵õô
ǣڶξʱҶ涯Ҫȥ鱦߲鱾ʱͷͻȻӿĪľ޴ΣС
ӿֵ־޴ΣУҶԿʼʦ½ʼΪļֱҶ澪㤵ΣС
̫类׷ɱǴβࡣ
Ҷ澪㤲ѡ
ʦ½ǳ飬ÿһָол·
ȻҶڻ֪ʦ½ŸӦΪʲôᱻɱɣҶԸľȴ֤Ƿǳġ
ϾҲǵŵĶ֮һ
Ҷ;ȵģȥ̽鱦߲ı
ҶϢͷѪӿУʱʹ
ͬʱҶѰԭ
һξʱȥѰ鱦߲鱾Ѿ룬ûκΣա
ڶξʱҶֻǶΣӦ
ܿģҶҵԭ
Ҷ˵֮ǰľ棡
Ҷԣɱ¼Ѿةฮӣ˻Ů
˸߲㣬ȴûдҶ棬ԭҲܼ򵥣ǾҶһУھݹ֮ڣҶıƹҡ
ǣɱ¼УҶıֱϾ̫ˡ
ôҪǽҶԸڻŮλϣô
ڻλ˼ҲҶŵ㣡
ܿģҶ͵óһ侪㤵ĽۡעйעҶ棡
ƽʱѲѵ˵ھսУΰйעҶأ
˼ȥҶģֻһ߲飡
֮ǰ־ݵԴ˾Ѿ˵ˣֻǴ߶߲ķ߲ѣ߲֡
ôھսУעҶ棬ֻ߲
һˣҶ͵شһսóһǳֲĽ߲ۡ飬鱦߲߲ڰйע
ھսУݹ鱦߲߲ע̫ˡ
ԣҶھУ÷ǳʵ


2591 Ӳҵ
УϿգ߶߲Ĵ˾Դٴγ֣һ缴ģӣһԣֻʱһͿս
߲֮ʹ⻪ƣսٴο
ԭ£Դ˾ͻеҪȻƮڰҲ߯ˡ
֮ǰŮµĽһϵ߲顣
ˣм»ü鷳㣬ͷעǸеĽעһһû쳣
Դ˾˵ĺܿ
û취߲鲻һ
Ҳǻһܣ֪
ϣ鱦߲ķ˾ƿش߶ģʵϣ鱦߲ķкü飬ȴֻһ
鱦߲鱾壬ǷʼնһǾ߲顣
鱦߲߲飬λߣڵʷȻһʷҪŮΪ˵ַĴ˾
־߲һ˾Ҫϵ߲飬ܡ
һξݲǼӹСûκ쳣㣬ڱе츳𣿡߲ᣬԴһ㲻ͷ
׼ȷ˵شԴ߲飬ֻǻ鱦߲ĺССһ֡
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һΪСϺ׶ѣܷʲôˣѾͷǵġ߲鲻һ䣬Ӧ¡
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ڻŮΪʲôǸԴΪŮĸ֮һһԵɡ
ŮӵרŽصעʵԭ򣬲Ϊɱ¼Ϊң
ңǿһֱŮͷһ̣
սڣξڽʱ
ϴεľҶһһս̿ǰѰҲ㴳߲ıһ¡
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ȥ⻹ò˻ˣҶ氵һ䣬֪߲ڰйעԼʱͱʵޱȡ
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ڸһξݵĵ֮ǧɳ˳
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һξݣأǰεʧһεսܣ޴ѹ
»ǵۣһξݣǱıʤ
˿Ҷ棬Ͼսš
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ģ˿̵ķڶҡһڽĿ⿴Ҷ档
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գҶĽûͼҡҡͷѾȡǰηֱսܵĽѵһΣǼƱԿȡʤ
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ӳѺǧٿƷʯͨĻѺһǧٿƷʯڣڣȴˡ
ֱûˡ
һģӳѾһǧٿƷʯˮƯˣͨĻҲǧٿƷʯˡ
ͨĻȻ壬ֻС壬ƽӮΣеܲסˡ
ҪǣһˣһҲĴξѺʯֻϸɣʱ򣬶ӳѺʯߴһһǧ࣬ͨѺʯҲߴǧࡣ
һڻǣھУϵʱ򣬾ͷ׷ŭǧ
ѾʼֱӱԹǧԹԣҰܣ
Щ˵ĻĭӶһ
ŽͷöҶľȻֻ֡
ΪһȫǱҶӲҵģ֮䣬ȫǱҶӳģ


2592 
˵ʵڶǧȻսϽһ㣬Ǵ
ңָƵʵϰѾãеĽ죬ʧȥս־ԣĶҲȥ
£ݵʤȡѹ
һʱڶӵĻǣѾһΣѹܴԺƴ
ÿ˶ƴˣŲĵĺ䡯볡ġ
ʵһϣҶ滹еεġ
ξݣʵսţӮ滹ǺܴģֻҶֽš
ԭоͻϮ飬ǾԻᱻŵľֵģҶȴֽš
Ҷͷ˵оͻϮӺڲʱҶ춯󷽵ľˡ
µоͻϮɱˣһմܡ
ô߳ģǳļ򵥡
Ҷľͨı£пƼľֱҪ̫ס
Ȼڶξʱս覴ò˵սʱҶҲһСֽš
ԭоĳûڵһʱ䷢ǣֻҶƻľһ죬˵оע⣬Ӷо֣´ܡ
˵ڶΡξ֮ܣҶйء
Ҳڲ֪Ҫ֪ˣҶĶˡ
ȻĻǣҲԶֽ֪£ֻҶԼ
ڶξݵʧܣʵڵڶӵĻǵĳܷΧ֮ڡ
ϾôƵӮ
˭Ҳܳʤ
ξʧܣܲˣΪҪǣʧ֮ǰҶ﷭̵ˣ˲ͬǧûнܡ
ԣξʧܺǧܵѹǳ
ųɾŵ£˵ˣغ֡棡
˵ǧѾĲ࣬δƵµĻǸ⣬ܲԹԡ
ϵһξݣҪҶǷΪʤѾˡ
εĺǺֲܿġ
˵ͨӳĵͼ죬¾ͻΪ޷ܾʱѺעְˡ
ҶĵĴξʱԽԽڶڵķΧҲԽԽţԽԽѹ֡
ǧҲСģƽʱʱ´С˼֡
鰡
ܿģĴξڶ
δսھУʱǧͱúܽţʱʱĿҶ档
ս֮ǧսš
ԣѹǧһûеһʱսţһִĿ⣬Ҷ档
һ̣ѯҶûսգûпڡ
ʱûţĳûٸıߡ
ףһξݣ̵ᣬˣҶս֮ʤˣֻܳгܡ
ֻԼսţȻӮˣ̡ܷ
ھ֮ǰһĸĳǣսలš
ǧ˶ǧ˵Сģݣսʵû̫ı仯Ͼ١
׵ģʵǼб
ܵô㣬ֻͿɡ
ֱҼбʤ㲻ֱҷѹ£ֻƴӮࡣ
ξʱüбսȴ˵ԭĻҲ˳ϣӱͿԽ
һΣɲȡսΧӱԲӦ䣬Կʤ
һεĳɵĵӵΣ
˵䣬ĿͿ˵򾯽񽻸㣬һǳ⣬ʣ
һУҲĻǽ̸һС
ӮȽĿǰͷʢҶˮ
ʤˣ˵ǧָӵõ
أǾƵҶϣ㾯䲻Ȼ˵Ϊ˶նҶ棬˳°ҶĶӳְȴûκģҲǱļԼѹһʯ֮ơ
ǧ򳤴˽Ҷ湰ʾֿڣǧ򳤴ˣҶεսţвͬ
ҶһУǧҲѧˣĻǣ֧˸СҶ濪ڵĻᡣ
Ѿضԣ£ܹĲҶ濪ڵĻᣬȻһֵ
Ըܸɴתͳ˼ʮף͹ķ֣ģʮûһˡ
󲿶ӻվԭأһģŭӿˣ֮ʱȻΥ
ʲôҪΥΪǰ裿ŭˣһŸʲôж
ŭ֮£СĶ˼£󲿷˰ǵĶӳûһͣס˽Ų
£ЩסˣΣǧ򳤵ĻͲ
ҪΥ𣿡ɭޱȣٺڣ
µľ촽һ£ûжҲûӦ
û취ҲˣٵʯҲʯ
ˣΪʲôأӳеһˡ
ܿģǴйբһһڻǷ׷׾ˡ
˵ı˼ֻһǾĲͬûǰսִУǲˡ
Ⱥƹķʽǧ׵ŭŭˣ췴ǧ򳤻ǵǧ򳤣
֮ʱΥһҪˣ
һȣ˲ϢһڻǰΪϾǾݣΥ
ɾ˳Ĭ֮ʣ䲻һ͵𣬡ǧ򳤴ˣ𣿡
ǧ򳤴ˣˣ¼ҾƶһҪѺǧƷʯѽģҪˣ˵ﶼҲˡ
Ҫܹŵˣͽʯң¾ͼߣ
ǧƷʯȥ࣬ѪһͷӦ
ɻڣǺ󷽻仰̾Ǵһբš
ǧ򳤴ˣҪܹŵ˾ͽʯң¾͸ܣ
ǧ򳤴ˣȸǧʮƷʯΪ˵Ĳھ͸㸰𣡡
ǧ򳤴ˣˣܰѺһһǧƷʯң¾Բڰ˶ӶӳƸҲ
ûֻǧ򳤴˳ŵˣͽʯǣǾ
˼⣬ڶлͶӳǣ
ҪӦĻջ˶ӣԸȴѪӿؿͣ
һãʮҲû£ҲҲżƷʯ
һǧأ
ǿٶƷʯ˵ļ壬ҵҲⲻ𰡡
ҪʵûӦ
ǡ˭˵һλģᡣ
ǣһڻ׷׿˵ҲҶ棬Լ־
ǡǡ
֮£ؿ͵һ£Ǿ͵һѪ˿


2593 ׸
ƹֱѪָڲ
ԭģԼǧ򳤶ѪˣҲӦüþհͿˡ
ǽȴǳķŭ
ǧѪˣһڻǣҲ޶ԣûκҪò˼
״ҶȴЦ
νֿ֣ҲᣬһȺ嵱С
˳ƶƹҪڵξݿʼʱûЧһڻ϶˼ᶨ
ΪʱǵʧڿɳܷΧ֮ڡ
ŵξʧܣĴξΪҶ治ͬԭһʧܵӰһڻǣģ滹档
ǧ򳤴ˣֻѪѣûĸΡ
Դʱ˿̣ŭӣ߷߽ӡ
ǧ򳤵һʿƹҲͷһˡ
һʱ䣬ֵ˾ݿʼǧһ֮ʣڶˣû˿
ǧ򳤴ˣֵǣֵǶССģʵˣ䲻˰ҶЦˡ
Ҫǧ򳤴ҲˣһݣҴǧ򳤴ָӣҪӮˣһﶼʯ׬Ҫˣǧ򳤴Ծң
ǧ򳤴Σ
ʱأҶǧһ̨ףΪǧ㣬Լһ˾õļһһǧ򳤴ˣ𾴣
νˮܣˡ
Ȩⶫһ˳ȥɾˡ
Ҷ̨Ϊһ㣬Ǹ˾õ󣬸Ķѡ
Ϊģսһ£ǧ򻯣˭˵Ӯأ
ˣ˵ָأ
ʱþʧܳ£Լ֮ǰʧԵĲôܣ԰һá
һˣĶˣ£Ҷ˵ƺõѡˣи̨¡
˵ģҪˣ£һ࣬ٴȷһ㡣
ǧ򳤴˲ţԸ״
ã
Ϣ֮Ҷ浱һǧ棬˾;µľ״ǧ¾״֮£൱ڽָȨƽ
ҶʲõĵͿʼʩ
һ´һӳȻģǧĽѣҲҧѡ
Щ˸ǣ֮ǰзžʱЩ˸ǣû飬һдɣôľôʹ
ҶһεսȷʵͬҶսǷֱǱ·
սЩм
һǧ˵Ķ飬·ǲ
һ֧ϵһ͵
һ⣬̴ʲô
ֶھݣ̣ľ鱨
鱨棬ľͨ£Ҷ漸͸һɽҰĻľԸҶ鱨
зӣҶƤжһûκܡ
ݿʼûãҶʹ֧Сֶӣ׼˵˵һ֧ӣԼ΢СĴۣɵ˶Էˡ
˲Ϣ䣬磡
Ҷȴٴνȫһҵ˵֮󣬴ʣµĻԼΪͷŵӷ˳棡
ͻҲữͻ
Ҷͻһǰĳ£ӵҰԣƺһɲǱȾѣһ໴ŵĳţֻɱУֻĸҶĽŲ
Լĳֵػ˵ɵоͬţĿԼںʱεغʡ
һֻ̣ս
ɱУɱУ
ֻ߻ʱŻẰ䡯֡
𺳵ǣиȻɱˡ
ԭһѾԷɱˣҶһ·͹֮£ԭԻĻȻһеȥıסˣõĹʽȭͷͷԷ
ģֱӽɵˣ־֮£ͺˡ䡯֣ˡ
ƣǲҵƣֱӽĻǸŵˡ
ݶѣƴ
̣ҲǴơ
һˣͳˡ
ȻҶָӵĲӣûӮĿܡ
£ֻĸӳףӲˣ
սһֱĬĬ׺ڶǧԾѣİѡ
⻹֮ǰһֱָӵĵڶ
ǰôûзڶӵĻͣս˷
Բٵʧȫߵһǧ
սֱˣ
ڶӵĻ͸һƵģ
ݽʱڶӵĻǣΧҶ滶ȸԾ˷ܲѡ
Ҷȴżӳθս˵Ļƣսб̭սʿǹο
м̭ĻǣҶİο£ͻȻͿ
һˣھͿ
ɵҲˣ⼸οڿ޳ĻǣԺ»Ҷң
һɲǣͻȻģƺǧ򳤣ֻǸ͡
ﰲοԼֻΪΪָһݶѡ
ڶһεսûע⡣
ϾһĲӶѣһӮˣ
ڶڲĶҲѹûע⡣
ھսϱƹޱȳ飬ɵ˵
Ҫǣģǧ򳤣ӮһݣΣ
ܿ죬ͷ˲Ծ
ڹһڻӪٴοʼݡѲֵ
Ȼȷǧ򳤣ʩǸ
֧ĺģȻҶ档
Ͼ߲ʱֻǶԱ֮ìܣһľҪá
еĻǣֻҪһпգµľߴգԵӳȶǧ򳤻Ҫ𾴡
Ҷ滹ûſھѾˮë
һУǧһĪ
ǧģȴǵξݡ
ξݸһսеĶӳǾ;۽˵ߣеĻǶŵûһ˿·ǧһ
ܿģҶ濪ʼʩսһӳӦȻȥûһ˵Ŀǧͣ
źŭˣǧ򳤣Ǿݵָߡ
ǣϴȴһҲûз
ͻȻ뵽һ⣬㺰˻
˻
˻
УѾ˴𰸡ûУ
Ѿ׵ĺˣͷ·һһ㡣
ۺĶҲֻȡˣ
һɲǣŵڶӵĻǣҶľ¶־ĳһı飬ͷͻȻһ
ӽ𣬵ڶӣƺǧûʲôϵˣ
ڶӣѾɵˣ׸ˣ


2594 ˥
ξݹû죬ѾҶܿյǧ͸没ˡ
ƴҶ档
սָӸƴҶ档
ʿеǵ͵㣬׽ҲѾд벻ˡ
ǧ򳤣ʲôʵ壿
ȥӪ֮⣬ûκ塣
˵ϼϸ棬Ҷܿ
Ӷ˶Ĳ֮һ壬Ż
ңȥϼ٣Ҳûκá
ϼٳ֮⣬Ҳû취
գѡ˸没ҶҲΪǧ򳤡
˵鱳үӵӰ˵ʲôôʲôôҶͲ֪ˡ
ǧ򳤶ѣڲǧ廹ֲεı仯ֻҪͬͿԡ
˳µģҶͳ˵ڶӵĴǧ򳤡
ҶԭΪΪǧ֮үӿܻ´µ
ϧǣʱڣүǱƽޱȣûиκµ
үû仯ҶԼߣȴ˽չ
ò˵ְǸöȻϾܹŷټҶ⼸εʤӰòٻѾʼҶ˲Ƶ˽һЩȽϽɵĻ⡣
ɻ֮һҵ˥ˡ
ڴ֮ǰҶ͸֮ǰĶӳкͻƸ£˵ķӦһ£Ƿǳί˵̫
ҶΪǧ򳤣ִŵڶ˾ʤ֮Ҷ߲ףƺ֮ʣҶٴ⡣
˵ֵܣҾЩˣҼүүͬΪĹΪʲôͬΪĳ컹ȨƲϴһأ
¼һţƺڻһûɶȨ㿴һǧ򳤣ֻǴġž⣬Ҷʵ
һҶ£ҶһиƸͬʱһ飬ƺЩȻ
ñϿ⣬ʵȴѵҶͷһҵʲôĽܣȻ
Ҷģ˿ܲ˵ˣͷһֶΡ
ҶõϹħԜĴУӰ˾طǳࡣ
ƽãǾѡ
Ͼӵɫ⡣
ɾƺ֮ʣףϣ˵ľͻ½
ҶҪ֮ʱһΪ˺пҶһۣߣǻط˵
Ʋ¥һСң˲㾲磬Ҷݹľһ
ˣ·ǲ˵Ϊ£ڣһǳɵĻ⡣
ңȻ֪ҵĹȥƸҲˣǣˡֱԣңй֮ʵϣȴһӣӣ
ޣΪʲôô˵Ҷʵ
иƸһۣȿڣүӣӡ
ҼǵֻһӰںĴ½𣿡ҶȻ
Ϊһǽɣ˵ˣԼҲ죡Ƹ˵
үһˣҶٴȻ
ûүһӣȻ㣬̫ڣĶӣȴ㡣
츳ߣ˳üӢ˵ţƸЦӦÿóӢһһڵķɣ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ЩҶĻһĹӵܣʮһ붼ǳĳģĳĻ˵гģ֮ǰĳǡ
ͨģǲӢˡ
ĳӢڻĹӵڣǷëˡ
Ƹ񣬱ģеУǿڻһڣӢˡ
Ҷԭǻһ֮ͨγɵ
ϻ壬һżңôע⣬Ҳ⡣
ȻүӵĶӱΪӢĺӢˡ
ͻȻ䣬оѹǻڣչӵܵУòϵߣɻѡ飬ǸλĻҹ
үӵĶӣǱѡ飬׼ȷ˵ͻˡ
ҹҶʵ
иƸͬʱͷ
үӶȢ˻ҹǺ°ô⸱ģ
˽ɣĶӻˣҶڵķʡ
ᵽ⣬иƸͬʱһĭǽţգл˳
үӶȢλҹãǵĻŮ£ѹĺܵ͡
ţȢǵŮĽ㣿ҶһԺʱ͢ıĿԡ
Ȣʱ򣬵ĻŮ£δλʱλпλġƸһ䣬ֱ괫˵ġ
Ҷ滹ʣо͸ƸͬʱҡͷҶĿע£н͵֪ģľôˡ
ߵĹ͢ʣһֱǽеĽɣֵĺܴ󣬵ȴ١
ȻҸϻ˵ĲΣ֪ЩͲˣҪ֪ĻȥүӡгϿ˵
Ҷֻܾʹա
ʵЩϢҶѾƲţһЩпĻλս
Ϸ룬ܸڣÿ춼Ρ
ҲֻܽĿǰ
ʧߣܻѾˣȨ
ˣô˵ҵŮԳԱڻһڣλܸˣҶ͵תƻ⡣
ǰѾ˵ô࣬иȻ˾裬Ҷ浱ԼˣҲôɣиƸ͵ͷ
ȻɫĻŮԳԱǿʶλʸģһ仰ͽҶˡ


2595 Ů
ɽϵĻ鹬ſǰһŶӳεĻб⣬С˻鹬ǰֵؽǰ
Щֵؽ߳óһƣͱ˹ԵĶ
ûãһʹ׹ӣҴҵִһֵؽæǰ񣬡ݼܹܡ
ţأ
ܿģӳĻͳܹǰĵһ
ǴܹܺܿͿݣЩ
شܹܣЩžѯй˥£Ǵһ£ķӦӦǵһ֪¡
ûģ
ż˼йػҵĻ⣬ἰģһһںܶ˶֪飬ûʲô֮ӳĻ
ţȥɣ˵ܹ꣬תߣӳĻȴЩˣˣ
ܹܣҡ
ǴܹܺӳĻ˵ʲôͷҲûأֻһ仰
ʲôúðˣȻٲĺô䣬ܹ˲Ϣʧ
һᣬӳĻſ뿪
鹬ڲǴܹһ·ֱУ˻鹬һصĻ԰
˻ѵһиָ԰ھĵ޼չ£컨涷ޣָ˵ɾһ
һѩĹװȹŮӣڼ˵£ŪһСǽԴ˾Ҳ֮С
ѩ׹װŮӣ͸һݵĸ߹Ϣһ繳绮ĵۣа䣬͸޾ϡ
Ŀģȴѩ׹װŮסһ߲û䣬Ҳͣ˸߲⣬װŮһ߲ʹĻ
Ů£µϢҵСЩ춯Ŀǰ춯Χ֮ڣ˵ܹܵ
Ůȴûӣ΢ңңһͶϤڵݡ
ܹܣȥСӣƺҵ飬һҲ֪飬ûʲô쳣Ů˵
Ŀǰȷʵˣܹܵͷ
⵹Щ벻ͨˣ϶ʲôϷֶôһһҪʲô
ˣԴСھʱʲô֮Ůʵ
Ů£Ѿصע˺üξˣսŶо
սûжôһǧ˵Ķ飬Ҳ治̫ս
ǣʲôսܹʤÿһλʤԽԽɣȻʤˡ
Ȼ˶ܷʤ̿ڡԴ˾˵
ʤʤһľУʤʤͺϡˣʤǧǰйһμ¼ɣŮ˵
ȷʵˡԴ˾ش
Ǿûзоʤԭ򣿡Ůʵ
Ů£߲齫ڶӵľݹ̣Ӱ
Ȼ߲˺ǲǷξݵӰ
Դϸоһ⡣Դ˾˵
ʲô⣿
Ů£ֻҪָأµĶӳʮ㣬սҲ޾
ֻҪӳ棬µĻһ͸Ҫһ㣬ƴĶ֣δսѾӡ
󣬾óۣսͽ½֮ǰ˵ںħսеľйءԴ˾˵
ͽ½Ů¶˼֮ɫĽȣأĿǰڱһ
Դ˾¶֮ɫ
ֱ˵޷
ǣŮ£
ĽۣĿǰڱİУȴΪۣͳһϣԲ
ЩǰĴ½սǻܹһȸ¡Դ˾˵
ԣŮȴ̾һ䱸Ѿɳ𣿡
Ů£Ҳ䱸ɳۣ峣ݣ䱸УֻȱʵսһΣܹܿˡ
ȱʵսȷʵˣ
Ů·ģȻԶĴ½¼뵽Уò˶ãܳһ½
ܹܵĻûŮ⣬ּʼ˻ݲݡ
Ů£ô
ô۲죡ƥȻһͷ֮ҲСذ¾ͺáŮ˵
ǳ¸ͳ͵Ǹս°ţܹٴʵ
ô˵Ůʵ
Ů£ԭͬ¸ͳս°ŵģϾ¸ͳҲǾĴ֮һ
Ϊ֮ǰʹصעкΪϯ󳼵ةˣûǩ·ѯ
ة˵һս°ţ¼һϼҿܻһԵĶܹ˵
ԵĶŮЦϼǱаɣ϶һӶرñ˳ԿԣԿһҪһ
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Ѻһ¡СӸոΪǧûãɳȥ˵ȥ
Ҫбʤһʤͷս£ʱ⣬ͷϴҲκϾ϶ϵġŮ˵
ףȥ


2596 ʤıӦ
кͻƸõϢҶһ
һ棬֤˲ݵķͬһ㡣
һУջˣӵɫ⡣
ˣӵеĶɫ⣬ֻһɫɫ⡣
ֻЩӵԶѪĻˣӵɫ⡣
һĹأǽջŮԣֻҪӵɫ⣬ӵλ̳ʸ񣬾ԺûгΪŮҲԽΪλ䳬ȻĻ˾
ЩҶͨĲ̽Ѿ֪˺ܶйػ鱨
Ĵ˾ĿǰҽˣԴһ
Ҷ߶Ȼһλ˾ǲ¡
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˵һծС壬Էٶ
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ҶĵڶӳɹʤҶ˺ĳޣ˵ͩϽ֣ҪܵһڹǵİۺԣСˣרͩ
ΪҶʤ֬Ǯˡ
ҶҲɴ˶ѣǲ̫ߵ̫ˣ
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ҶһָоӦ
ʤ̫NɪıӦ


2597 һʯ
ʵҶոսӵʱ򣬻һĪθС
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ԭʼɭֶյأǶԣȴǷչá
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ǵصǸϿʩŭС
ӶӳһĺȻǶӷŵפء
ͬʱɲǣֵʧ޳׵ıŭˡ
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ˣãǷˣһָһֻӼ
ǽкӿɽǰĻǣ˷ޱȵļ˻
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ˣ
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ɽȻ¶һ˿εĿЦˣ㲻Ϊһɽܹס޳ɣ
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Ȼǲ̫Ҷ˵
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һʯ񣬻ҳ¼ϼҵ飬ֱ˳𣬻úô޳¼Ц˳
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Ż𣿡¼üͷһ壬˿ͨɽ𣬶Щʲôã
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ԣⲻͨĻ棡


2598 ͷۻ
ɭɫĻ棬ոմɽǰһɲǣɽ־ڴ
ԭʼɭ֣ǵϻҶ롢ָ֬±ʪҲһɲǼ䱻ɭɫĻͳͳȼ
֮ģɢŸֹɫĻ𺣻и
Լ˹޳Ĳҽ
𺣵ϯٶȣЩ޵ȴٶȿˣЩͽޡ
Żڶʱϯɽͷɽо˸޺˻˻ҽ
ɽǷŭ޺
޺춯أҶ
ǳǧķҲڷٵߡ
ֻҪȥӽ棬Ҷ츽׻ȼģҲ˲ޡ
ǣϻĿ֦ҶָٲֲͻȻ䱻ȼ֮󣬾ȼ˹Ũ̡
̺ž綾һĶ̡
һЩΪµ̺࣬Ų֪綾Ķһ壬һͷе£Խ˻𺣵УûϢɢžͱ˽ζ
ɽּ䣬ڶʱڶּȶĵĽζǡ
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еУСƸȶӳڣ͸һֽٺ֮ɫ
֮ǰ޳˷Χ˭Ϊһαɣڽӡ
û뵽ȴǧ򳤵ɻ⡣
˵֮ǰʤֻҶھвϵһ޳¼ʹҶѾɹĽЩĵ
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ԮĿоԮֻл˳ǱߣԮ
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һ߿񱼣һ߲ͣĽԼײɽ塢·ޡ
ɽѣľ۶ϣ·ϵޣɽһײ֮£Ȼֱɡ
һĻõҶ溧ȻɽȻ˴ĸɷ
û״ˣһ츳ͨҲѲ֮ûɷǾͲ֪ˣûСҪУҾΪߣҲ޷ڡС˵
ˣҶȻ
ûˣɽָּȺأҳûڣʰϾܹˣҵóһϰС˵
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ûӻļȡ˷ǳľϵط򣬽һһ¡С˷ܡ
ҶȻһС˻ļ֮󣬱֮ϣͳһɫĴľϵķ֦߼ޱȵȴټСʩչ
Ҷ汾ΪСϰ˳Ϣľϲãû뵽ô̵ʱڣСѾܲʼˡ
Уֻ򾪿ֺͷŭеɽ޵ͷҶ漫ȻĿУȻһɫǶ䡣
ɫǶУɽ޵ٶԽԽͣ·𳼷һ㣬ֱ˵ϡ


2599 ȥ
ɽֻҽУڶӵĻǣ˷սС
ޣͨ񾳡ΪĴҲ١
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һɫЩޣͳƬƬĵ£Ǹһ
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ǧҶʱͥŲһÿһ̤һȭܹһͷĴ
ҶھնɱĴԼǵѹ
ǣĴ̫ˣǧͷҶսǿһ˲Ҳɱꡣ
СƸҵȶӳҲӭսĴԼ
ǲϵɫ⡢ԽԽ٣ֻⲫҲԽԽΣա
ͻȻ䣬ƸһͷֲľԳĿѪ磬ðǣǿֲԳ͵Ծһ̤£Ҫ˵ĻƸ̤⽴
ֱۻƸ񾪿ֵĴʱ̣Ƹɴ۾ǳ˺ëСɽһĽŰ壬Դ£Ƹ۾УǾ
ˢ
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Сɽʬ͵׹˵صĻƸ
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ŭУϽɫĽٴͷƸٴαһס
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ս
˲Ϣ䣬ҶȻԶȥԶҲ⵽ΣգҶָȥԮ
֣޳ϾͽˣϣҶǾȻԱһţͣľˡ
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СƸҵһڶӳнĻǧһ֮ʣҶԮ
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ֻҶǵڵɽޱСƵԭû߶ָӣΧĿȻ˺ܶࡣ
һߣв£Сڸֻɽ̸УףҶЦѡ
СȻ˿ɽޡ
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ܿģҶУԭݵͷڱצูɽޣͱһīɫ
ɽֱڵأ졣
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ΣҶ濴Ŷļ¡
ɽˣǵϣǿӲţûС
СҲѧˡ
ѹ֮ˡ
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ҸӢҶˣôࡣ
СԼڶ̶ʮʱڣΪ˵ڡ
ν͵ɽޱЩֻǵϣ
СΪôܿ˵ɽޡ
״ˣ㶨СϲҶĶڣҶЩȻ
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ҶߵԽԽɣԶĳ¼ȴǱס
£أ
ͷɽأΪʲô֣
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¼ߵҲһȻ
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¼Ŀһѵ״̬£ܹǵġ
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2600 
״ˣˣ߻޳սҶյСʾ
СԲ֮ڵĻľСӰ췶Χ֮ڣǻľԭʼɭ֮У͸ԼҵĺԺûʲô
ⴳ뻹ǣҶʵ
״ˣӦòⴳ룬ܴĿԡ˿ǼսķǱйȥһʵݡ
˵䣬Сһͽ뼸˲ϢҶ濴Ӱ
λŻ˶ڱȽϵȵķεĵСɽǱУϢ˵ϣкʹ⻪˿ǵĳࡣ
޳ɱңҪɵ𣿡ҶͷЦһ۷ߣԷȻǹӵġ
ܿģҶͷˡ
ǱУλ˶ݵĽ
ԸȥʰΧĻԷ©Ϣ
һʣ𣿡һЩԥ
ԣһʣʲô޳
ã
ǵĶԻܵͣǱСˣȻ֪Ҷ档
Ҷտһۣ
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˼һ£ҶܾСڻУһһûзֵĽڣһ֣ױ¶߲ע⡣
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һߣСȴⱬ˺ķ顣
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צδ£ɫĸɷʹӾצ͸

ʧ⣬һɲǱ˼£ͬʱֲɫԪ⣬͵ش˫зɳɽޡ
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ǵɫԪ⣬ɽ޵Դţ뺣һûκηӦ
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һɲǣյͺԥתӣһӣһߴ𣬡ң
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СǵڵΪִ͵Ϯ״̬֮£յͱС³ɽ֡
У¼ΪԸյ֮𾪵ֱӴԳΣ鿴
ոտͿתܵյµɽ֮еģ
ɽ֮УҰĶɫָԶ¼ѹûпǵ
ڳ¼ԾޱȵĿУɽһ״ССɽһ͵¡
¡¡
һ֮£ɽֶ𶯡
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Ȼˣ¼ɽ޵ķпܣһҪյ
ڻ֮Уǿߣǿ¾ԪҲá
ɫĸɷ裬յĲҽУѪɣ
һɲǣڼɵĳ¼סˣ
ԪϢɢˣ
յԪϢȻ˲ϢҲɢˡ
ɽޣ̫ײˡ
̶һ䣬ͽɵĻɢԪ鶼ӳ
ǵڵǿߣӵս
һˣһ޷ݵĿ־и˳¼ͷ¼͵һͣ
յɢˣʲô
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һɲǣɽ˻ɽޣ¼ͷʮ񱼶һ
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ȥնɱģ͵ɽ֮Ȼûһʯ
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籾ݳ
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ɾ׼ȥʱͻȻ֣µնɱˡ
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ҲڴʱһըһĻֱó¼ѩѩף


2601 ĳ¼
쿴ǵĳĳˣоˣ

ʱģҶָųԶɽг¼һ˷ܵĴԶԶų¼һкʱսڲдľŰٶĿ⣬ȫеԶĳ¼ϡ
һͱ˷
սϣûбԮõϢ
ɽ޳ֵɲǣͷѹһɽһ㣬罬һޱȡ
ڣ¼ˡ
¼ǵ
ڻǵ뷨УΪĳ¼ǿԶԿġ
˲Ϣ䣬Σ
ڶӵĻǸʿ
ڶӵĻʿˣǸոռͣĳ¼һѩѩף
ֽҪף
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ţԼҵյգ¼Ͳһеĳ˹
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ĿˣҲǷֲ˳¼ģԳ¼ѹûĿ
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ֱӱҶƣȻǧĿۡ
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ͷãˣ
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ͷһ˲䣬ͽҶ޼ˣ
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ŭ˲ɣԼߵɱ׽Σֱˡ
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ЩǽԮˣûб¶
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һɫԪⶸش˫Ŀֱɽ޵ڡ
¼ɫԪ£ɽԴֻһΣ˲Ϣָ

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ҪǣԮ򲻹ɽޣɽޣֻһѡ񡪡ӣ
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ǿߵٶȼ죬ɽ޵ٶҲǼ죬ܿʧӰ
ŻȻޱȵĻǣҶ氲οãˡ
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ǰĻǣ඼ڹ壬˼ɲɵʱ뵽˺ܶܡ
һͱĿӹսʬϣӹԼ˿ϵʱ򣬸ͷŭ
¼ķٶȺܿ죬ɽȻҲǵڵΪٶĲó
ֻ׷ǧ࣬ͱ¼ˡ
һֱɽ޵СܿҶ˻㱨״ˣ¼ĺܿ죬ˣڸ߿зУҳ֣Ҳ¡
Ҷ̾һԭ뽫¼ƭԮɽɽޣֻҪɽ֣ɽ֣ͱɣܹɣϧȴɽһˡ
ԣСŷӦҶͻȻƳ¼м¼˵Ԯԭ
ȴΪɱ¼
һˣСŭѣһɫıƾճ֣ͺݺݵĳɽϡ
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ĻҲɽȴһ޹ŵ˺Ҳд
״ˣô죿Сʵ
ܱɽ֣¼˻᲻ǻ֪ͨң
⣬ɽ޶ԶԶģҪ¶мս½ٹȥǣ
ţ㽫Ǭɽޣһ̫ˣ̫עĿˡҶ氲ŵ


2602 Сķ
¼ˣɽҲʧˣһڻͷ԰
۵¼Ϊɺϵĳôٰɽ޸ˡ
һսĽƣĻǣ̧սѵʬ壬ײײ뿪˳ɽתɽµӪء
һʱ䣬ҶԴǧ򳤵壬Ͷӳеˣͳܵĸͳ콪ǧأ㱨˳޳
¼Լɽ֮󣬲սӡ
һеǳĿ͹ۣûκͼӴס
󣬾븱ͳ콪ǧؾʹ˼ڶǧ򳤵Ӷӳֱʹ¶дһݱ棬Ͻ
һսսʮˣڻУ˵Ƿǳʹʧˡ
ڻУ޳ûгֹ˴
޳УʧǷǳǳСġ
Ҷ汾Ϊ޳ֳ˲ľ϶ǻת
ţҶͽӵһݴǴżѯζľġ
ĵ˼ܼ򵥣ѯʵڶ֮󣬻ûս
УĿٻת˳ǡ
Ȼʵûмսڶӿѡת˳ǣ£ƽˡ
Ҷǲ죬þСƸҵ˿
СƸҵȴһȻӣҶЩס
Ҫ֮·޳ҲҪҶһɻżλӳʵ
ˣ֪ˡһֱǻҪԴԼŴսҪֶ֮һ˵
ҶǴˣһ͸뵽˺ܶࡣ
޸óףҶʵ
ûˣǻΪԭԱȽϷգ޵ѪܴʱһЩ֡
ҪǣǻȽ⣬ǻ˴ɫ⣬ޣҲ޸ǿ
ǿǸǿǱҲ͸ǿ
ԣǻޣӵһΪģֻܹǻȱʣĽ״ͳˡƸ˵
Ҷһ
νĶϾпռͨҲǾԣӦǶϾ֪ܺһЩĿռͨһЩǳصĿռͨ
ҪȻ޽ףҲꡣ
Ǿݾôת˳ǣһ󣬼񣿡Ҷ˻Ծľ
еʮӳһۣȻͳҶˣǼɡ
ҶЩɻֵˣҪȥжһݲսսֵǵĸҲᰴս׼ǸĿʡŵã㹻ǵļʮˡ
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ȻСƸҵͬʱͷ֣ǽޡ
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һһڻǲɵôϲս׵ĻͳҶˣˣսֵܵĹ¶ĸлл㡣
еˣȴЩģˣǱߣ᲻ǵ鷳Ͼޣڻ˳סġ
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ҶԸµǰɽ޵ĵص㾯䣬һ쳣ʾһڻͷ԰ڸվĴǧ򳤣һǸмͶء
ûмôõǧ򳤡
֪Ҷȥͼı¾Ͳôˡ
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ۻֻǽһɷֳϸ˿˹֮С
ɼ
Ҫɽܹһɷ˵ģҶɽܣ¾ͻֱ׷鱦ﵽ鱦ĳ̶ȡ
㹻ɷɽĳ̶ȣпɽ׳Ϊ鱦Ŀԣ
ԣҶɽ޺ӡ
СĿֶΣֻѱɽ޵ҰԣҶɽʩǣ㽻Ҳ
ҶţֻҪദշɽޣûκ⡣
ܿģҶ͵ִɽ޲λá
˿̵ɽޣȻȻˡ
ɽ޻һ峤׵ͷڱצูĿֲɷԶԶһۣһֻɺɢо
ȻͷһɫСȥȴɽ޸ӵа졣
ڣɽȴȫһˡ
峤ףһ峤ֻаƴССͷڱצูͷϻһɫС
ģû䣬Ͳ֪С˶ٱֱӾȻˡ
ཱུġ
Ҷԣ͵һɽޣ뱧һ
ҡͷԼ䣬ͷǶɫС˵жɰжɰ
ȵСèҪɰ
Ҷȴһ˿̻ףͳСʵô˵ûУ
ҶǣСʣǳ˷ܵʵ״ˣҷʲô
ҶȻʲô


2603 
ȸķȸĳѨС˷ܵ˵
ȸ
ҶûӦС˷ܵ˲ϢҶ淴Ӧ˹ж٣
ǧϣܸ࣬״ˣС˵
ô࣬һ֧ⲿˡҶ˷ܵĥȭƣСܸ㶨𣿡
״˷ģЩȸǿĲҹϢ֮ҳһܣ״ҪҪʰǣС˷ܵ
ȻִķݣǷǳġ
ȸ˵̫ĺѪ߹˵ҪǷٶȼ졣
ȸķٶȣܳԽķٶˣȸķٶȣȻܹͨˣܹܵ˧ˡ
Ҷ򺣾˧ҲҶѡ
֮£˧ۣҲûȸ
Ҫȸһ뼸ʿֻǸشֳ鱬ħʿǾǵ˵جΡ
״ˣ֮⣬һϲС˵
ʲôϲ
𽣡
ԭʼɭֵмֻδ𽡣˵䣬СƳһۿҪȻɽ˵ЩϢһṩġ
ԣҶ͵صһ
𽣡
ǿǴ˵е֮һ
˵˵к֣ܶؼν֮İ֮֮˵ڻ硣
ڻУɫɫ߷ɫ𽣬ɫgRɫN|ߺ
֮һѪԴ̫ţǳĸ߹һ꣬ǵʵǿ
ٴȥҶ水಻ס˷֮ɫ
ȻҶԣļֵ̫ߡ
Ϊʵ֮⣬ǿģٶȣٶȷǳ죬ʺ
Ҫһͷһİȫ
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ٶȣֻ̫ʱҡĴһѡ
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ңĿǰСèûͻƣҶţһСèͻƣǾһ⾰ˡ
Ȼ˵СèͻеѣҶţŬ֮£СèһͻƵġ
𽣬ҶԼòš
ⲢҶ˰
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ǲĸߴɵĲľ
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СɣСĵ㣬һУ׷׷ϣҶ潻
ĿǰԣСèٶȣҲ׷𽣬Щ𽻹δ꣡
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ҶԺоͳһ棬һʮ˺ϱĴУһ޴ޱȵ񳲡
ֻֻ״СβĳʵɫϢɡ
⼸ֻ𽣬ͨɢͨ񾳵ϢûУӦû塣
ԶϣһֻɢŽϢ𽣬ӥһѲ˷ž䡣
״ˣɽ˵һֻ𽣬ȥʳˣҪȵȣС˵
ţȵȣȻһܣ
ҶĻǺǿġ
бչʱһɫһٿʱСĻУǿžϣȻֻ峤ʮף£𽡣
Ҷ溧Ȼδ𽣬ٶȾ֮죬Ҳ壬Ҫǳأ
״ˣҪˡ
ҲһɲǣͻȻͳĲǰֻСĲһ𽡣
СһϮ׼С죬治⣬ޱȡ
ˣιʳֻԵĽ𽣬Լֻֻסˡ
ֻ𽣬СǴצ̽ȥģҲǼˡ
צһСˡ
ãҪ㣡Ҷͷ͵һ
ǼǳģҶץİºͺӣȴˣ»һֱͣľҶ棬ʱʱĻ͵ϮҶ档
Ŀֲٶȣǳ鷳
ڻ磬һһֻ𽳤ڽҶ棬¾ͻҶҪ鷳
ҲҶ浣ĵɲǣ͵س𽣬ȻײһɫĴ֮С
ö׼һ֣ȻˡдС
ͷҵĽ鲻ɡԪ鰢ǿŵȴ֮ǰԪ鰢С𽣬ޱȡ
ߣһСһ
ֻ𽲻ͣķŭļţҪ
СΪܹѵġ
Ϣ֮󣬾ͷ׷ױҶսռ䣬סˡ
շǣҪϸˡ
״ˣѾһܣھһЩȸץˣץЩȸֻҪϣûʲôѶȣС˷ܵ


2604 Ѫޣ
СڵΪͨǧƽΪܾڴϵȸ͸һֱֵ
οԪ鰢Ļϣû˿⡣
Ҷ˳Ľǧֻȸ£ռ䵱УģҶռһֱٿ޼˾
Щ޼˾ЩһֱҶʱռۻʱΪѾﵽ˽۷塣
Ҳԭ򣬿޼˾ǶطԲ㣬ΪֹûһͻƵ
Ⲣǵʵ
ٱҶװĽ۷ļ˾Ƿǳǿģһֻȸؼʱ̣Ϊһֻ
ҶΪūȦֶһġ
ֵūȦħ˶޶á
ҶڽеֻȸУÿѡһֻΪ
Ҳҿٿ޼˾ڣҶŪռǧȸֻ𽣬Ҳϡ
ҶЩȸٶȣٶҲ
һ޳ЩȺӵ˺ܶ࣬ɽеΣս˲١
ֻ˰죬һڻǾͳ
õһǧͷһǧͷ
Ѿսʮλսѵ壬̤˹;
ʱڶһǧһʮһˣ
һǧǧһˣǧʮˡ
ǻȥʱȴʮˣʮľ߱ʬ塣
֮ǰڳɽʱսʱоΣգͷʧпٴγ֣һڻǣѹûж˼ʱȥ顣
ǣع;УͲһˡ
ȸǾ޴ıϣһڻǿսѣٿػĵսǱ塣
ָ뷨˼͸ֳ
Īڶš
º˳ǻ·̣;ӪϢʱҶ׼ϢʱȻ䣬ͿһڻΧ˹
СƸΪ׵Ķӳǣų˾ĻǣΧҶĴʡ
ĿǰΪҶⷲȻͽŵĴҪʲôλӳʲô
Ҷⷲļʾ£ĿƽĿһڻǡ
ʱ˿̣ճޱȣһ£ЩķŭЩ۾ȴǺġ
ѾµʲôҶ棬ʲôû˵ֻǾĿȺȻӽĻǡ
ˣΪսֵǱ𣡡
Ȼ䣬һֵܵĻſǻˡ
һڣǴһբһŰǣͱüޱȡ
ˣֵǲܰ
ˣΪ˾ңԸȴ޳УΪӱΪսֵǱѪޣ
ˣֻҪܸװֵǱ𣬴˽ʲôǶԸ⣡

һڻޱȵҶ¶֮ɫֱϢŻڡ
ֵѾµʲôǸ£ֵǣ
¼Ӧ鷳ġ
ˣⲻĴ޳Ҫǵڶȫͳͳ̫ˣ
ǰ¼أȴǱͱӣ
һ˵Ⱥ鼤ߡ
Ҷ˫鰴˼£ʾ˰
ֵǷģ޳飬һֵ࣬ǡսֵǣһǣҪʱ䣡
УЩսֵǣȻΪɾΪ˱Ѫˡ
ѾˣǾԲǵӡĸŮʹ޵ͬʱҪĿѡ
ԣڵĵһҪǸսֵǵŪ㹻ĸ
ȻǱѪޣ
Ѫޣ
Ѫޣһڻ׷״ҶĿ⣬ȫǳҡ
ȻҶչսֵǼΪ˻ǷԹΡ
һ¼֮ڶӵĻǣ̬Ȼ϶һ¡
˳ص˳֮һڻǾ͸Թңſεȥžۡ
Ͼ޳Ѿ˻˳ǣ˶ܵġ
ҶΪǧ򳤣ȴҪͬʱҶҲҪ졣
ܵ׬ȡʯ£ҶȡһϷĿ
Ҫ֪ЩޣʵǾĿսƷðΣնɡ
ϣЩսƷ߾Ŀꡣ
һ˽·ͨû£ҶԻд鷳Ǵ˾Ĵ鷳
һ磬Ƿǳֲġ
һľҲҪţܺңܿģҶͼλӳҵ˾ֵĴ£˵⣬ҪͬʱҪ޳¼˵
Źֵǣֵ£ȴԴ˸ľܾҶ棬׮жмôӣѲȻܴõġ
Ҫȥǩľ󳼴á
ǩľ󳼣һǲǵĽͳ죿Ҷʵ
ǳ¸ͳ죡ĵֵ˵𰸵ʱǽӲҲǹŹ֡
ȻѾᵽʲô
Ҷ¸ͳ졯ĸֵʱͷȻȼ޾ķŭ
ϸͳˣ϶ǳԳ¼ҡ
ƽ񣬴һʼܾǳͷ׵ı
ǳ¼Һ͸ɵҶԼڶӵı
Ǹɽ޳Ҳѡˡ
޳
ڣ̫ˡ
˭Ҳκë
ҶһļλӳɫҲúѿ
ǲɵ
ǵƽǳ¸ͳǩģ˺ܶࡣ
Ȼ޼¸ͳ죬ΪսʮͬţҶ뼸λӳűȥλ󳼽
¸ͳճ£ǳһĵմӣӸλ
ǳ¼ڻһӰˣͬʱҲǵŮĸ֮һ
˵ĻŮλ¼ࡣ
ΪһССĴǧ򳤣ҶҪȥһλ󳼣Щѵġ
λ󳼵ĹſڣҶ뼸λӳ㱻˽ʱ
Ҷļ侪ˡ
СƸȼλӳȴܲˡ
ˣڹǣǲˣȥҽͳ죡ŭ
ǰˣֵǱݺҪ⻹𣿡
λӳŭͷ֮ʣ㴫˴ڶӴǧ򳤵ڵ
һ¼λӳҶٲڣоȻ˽顣
᰸ĸͳµֻɨһ飬ͻ˻ֵˣ֪ˣȥɣǵڶӰɿ¡
ǣҶȴû£ǳˣϸһ½顣
ǵڶִƽУĪ޳޳֮ʱͳ¼ּĳɽ⡣
֮󣬵ͳ¼һڻսӡ
˾ʹ£ǵڶӵĻһ
⣬˴εڶ޳һսʮֵܣΪˣֵӳսʱ䣬ץޣ׼սͿԸսֵǶ෢һ㸧׼Ҷ


2605 һȺ
Ҷ˵֮󣬾󳼳µĴڣܰһֹĳ̶ȡ
֮󣬳¼Щ񣬵һݵľ󳼳µһޱȵĿ⣬Ҷ档
ˣĿţĿƽӣ˭Ҳ
㵨Ӻܴ󣡡󳼳µؿڡ
ǳ¼ҵĵӣ󣡡Ҷ˵
Ǻǡ
ƤЦⲻЦЦ󳼳µػһֹǻ
޳֮ʱЩȻ˵顣ص̫Եʡ
ڵ¼ɽ޲սһ£ȴˡ
¼ȥǰǹɵģйı
ɽսһ£ȴǴᡣ
ʱɽʵּǿǵ¼Ҳˡ
鼱֮£Ϊ˱ɽ޶ǲɴ¼ðΣգĽɽߡ
Ϊˣɽβ׷ɱҹ
˵¼ǵڶӵľˣɽޣʵӰȺ޵ǵڶӿ»û󳼳µ˵ĺϸҲƽ
ҶţȴЦ
ʲôɣʲôеߵڰף
ͽɣͽеߵڰס
ǳ¼ȥ޳һ㣬ҶѾɽ֪ˡ
ͬȥˡ
ڣ˾󳼵¼ȴӢۣǵڶӵӢۡ
Ƿ̣
һʼҶû£Ӿ󳼳µõĽ
һˣǩƽˣǾ󳼳µ˵µʼٸߣҪͣѹܡ
ҶĿ꣬ǵڶ¡
´ô˵ǵڶӣҪȥ¼ŵлඣҶУǷ̡
ԣµޱһЦԸ⣬¼һܻӭġ
ȻǲԸ⣬¼Ҳǿѣ²ƷǺܸߵġ
ҶֻǴӱǻ﷢һߣⷽ棬ûж˵ʲôôˣڷǶܵޣսֵܳθһ£Σ
Ҷһ£󳼳µϵЦȥڶսʮҺź
ǹймҹ棬սĻةฮ·
ǶܵޣǴսսƷͬʱҲǹԴȨ
ˣ
Ҷ͵һأ˳µĻ´ˣҪףǵڶӵֵΪսֵǣðΣնޡ
ΣսκսƷǹԴµһĹʽЦݡ
Ҷȴǳķŭˡ
֮ǰ۳¼ݺһ£ҶʵһҲҶҲǽ׵һ֡
¼һ£ʹĨȥǵڶӷǶ޵Ҫ󣬾󳼳µҪΪ֮顣
ֻҶû뵽µȻ޳ܡ
¼Ĩһɶڶӵ㸧ȥսѵҲӦ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣЩսĻڳµ¼ıڣڶӵֵΪսֵǶŪһ㸧Ӧ
Ҷŭ˲Ϣͱˡ
´ˣҪôҶ
ǰ¶ѡµһЦ⡣
ܺá
ҶתߣҶȥıӰµϵЦԽԽŨǲмҶƾ㣿
´ˣҪڣǱǵģ
仰ҶͷҲصֵ̤µЦ⣬Һڣ
ƾһȺ㣿
ܷʲô˻
ҶֵһֱڵȺСƸʮӳΧѯʽҶһģɫҲѿ
ֻǼԵһսֵǶŪ㸧ҲУһڶӳǣζըˣû뿪һƿڴ
ճ¾һָǵľܣװŲϣֱĹΡ
֮ǰͳǵĽͳͲ·ǵ͵ڰĴһֱͲһö
˽ǧؽͳ죬ʱһڶӳ
ˣȥ󽪸ͳ죬ͳֵһ׺һǵġƸ˵
ãǾȥ󽪸ͳ졣Ȼһڶӳ˵ˣҶҲֻȨһԣͬʱǧϵ̬Ρ
ܿģҶһڶӳ͵ִ˸ͳ콪ǧصĸۡſڣҶǰǧӭ˸ţӭ˻
һڶӳľͽ˵ˣȻ˵Ҫ޸սֵǷ뽪ǧذæ
˵Ŀע£ǧһΪѡ
λֵܣҽǧزǣ£ǾȨҲǾ󳼵ȨܱǸһǾ󳼣Ȩִ£ʵǡ
ǧصĻһڶӳɫٴαѿ
󣬽ǧæȡһöָսʮֵܣҲʹҸ˵壬սֵÿһǧƷʯĸ
ˣ£Լ취ɣлĺ⡣ҶЦţܾ˽ǧصĺ⣬뿪
뿪ǧصĸۡûԶҶͱһڶӳΧסˣǻô죿ͳ춼ﲻǣѵû취𣿡
ͬһʱ䣬ھֵڣ󳼳µõҶڽǧ˶ӵϢ֮һļвң
ƾȺ㣬˳֮ڣһ˻


2606 췭ظ
İ취ȻûκοˡĲö߲öһλ˾£ѾûκƷĿܡΧһڶӳҶ˵
Ҷ˵ʱеȶӳˡ
ˣѲǾĿֵðΣΪսĵŪս֣
ˣҪ֪Ȼ˵ĸսֵһС嵽ʮ꣬Ǵˣֻǰ͵ġ
ǵŮܹͲˣͱǰ;ԣ
ˣһҪ취սֵǣɶǼеĶһ

һڻΧҶ࣬Խ˵ԽԽ˵ԽģЩ۾ˣһ򺩺иˡ
֪ǵ飬ҲǣҶóޱȣںĴ½Ҳˣ֪սս֮󣬹¶ĸƾǵ㸧ԶԶ
ԣЩ飬ֻԼȥȡȥŬҶ͵߬ȭͷ
ˣ㲻˵Ѿû취ǻôȥȡŬƸЩʡ
˵ˣѾû취ˣǻһЩǳ˵Ҷ͵һͿǸҲˣ
ңˣ޳Թʲôҵģ˺
ȲҪŴӦ£һˣӰ޴һӰ죬Ȼǧ򳤣ΪǷֵ󲿷ַգ
Ҷ˵أһڻӳ׷¶˳˼֮ɫ
е̬ȣǵһûκβᶨޱȣˣҲ£ֻܸȥֵһӰһǰ;ʲôµġ
˵䣬пЦοڻ磬ǰ;עģģⱲӣܹǧ򳤣Ǽˣʲôǰ;
еĻӳ׷¶֮ͬɫ
Ӱǰ;ܹӰʲôǰ;أ
ڸ˵ǰ;עģģ
ˣҪôֱɣ
ǰˣɣҪһüͷЩսֵܣ
ˣֱɣ
һڻӳһޱȵĿ⣬ҶͻȻһѪڵĸо
ȻˣҾͷʩΪָ췭ظ
һ˼⣬ҶͽڶӳһƧĵطø´
ϸϸÿλӳͷϡ
Ȼ˲֪ҶƻȫòҶ沼õЩ񿴳ĶߣһͱڴѣͣһĪͣļ¶š
ÿ˸Ե񣬼ǺûУҶʵ
Ǻˣˣ
ȻǺˣҾͽһ£Ҷ濴˵
˷Ը
ܣԵıܣ£ڷǰԲκй¶еЩ׼ǶҪȥܼǣйܣ𣿡ҶĿһˡ
˷ģй¶˿ܣܽеһ䷢ġ
һڻӳҲѧ׷׶䷢ġ
˾ʹɢȥԹҡ
ûãھֵڵĻͳ󳼳µյµϢ¼ʱҲڳ
ˣûˣǧض޷ǳͷ֮£ѾԹˣҲȥɣ⼸죬һ㣬ٳͷµų¼
¼Դϲл
µò棬һҪ㣬Ȼ˵´ӱϽܣǳ˲Ԥϣǣչ黹²ǳ˴鷳
Ժ£һҪٽٳ©Լȥ취ȥ𣿡
ף磬ףұ֤ԺҲ᷸Ĵˣ¼æ֤
ԣµĵ˵ͷá⣬ǰȥµ֮Լȥҵүӽ
ϼҵĵ֮ͺˡǳ¼λ֮㲻ҪҪóһĳˣ𣿡
ף
¼һʹõó⣬⳥ʯǵļˣˡ
һ侪˵Ŀ
¼ƣЩĻµȫȥ
ǽиʹ
ͬһʱ̣ͳ콪ǧصĸۡڣӭ˵
ˣ˵ǻ᲻£ЩģҿЩӳǹʱ飬Щأǻڱ顣
ҪҪǰ棬ǣĨһЩΣյͷ
ϺȲĽǧؿһۻ𣬡ΪʲôҪĨЩΣյͷ
Ϊɻ󣬡ˣ˼ǣ
ǻ磬̫ˣ
ˮ滹ΪһЩǻ磬ԴӼʮǰǼ֮󣬾һֱͭһûκβ
¾ʮǰǸ˻ع飬Ҳûκβ
˵ǧĿԶ磬һ̶ˮ˵ˮ
ˮķ磬Ǿ㲻ƲҲԲܶɱ粨
Ѿʶʲô˵˼ǣ
䣡ܵĹע̫࣬£ǲһ
ǲʲô㶼ֹ֣ңпܣºܼıǾˡǧ˵
ף
ҹҶת֮ϲΪҶһγĲѡ
үӸǰʢļ磬ףҶ붡۵Ŀ
Ҷȴֵү鷿
үүм£ҪİҶֱӡ
˵ɣܰģһ㡣
ҶЦţ˵ԼļƻϢ֮үʧҪָ췭ظ


2607 ֮
Ҳгϰߡ
嵱ں壬ԻĹҼܹණǸѧġ
ֻǻ٣ĳЩһЩ仯
٣ԱҲ٣ԳûдС֣֮Ϊһ
֮ʱǹٽ״ﵽƷĹԱǰ鹬μӳᡣ
ʵҪԭǻ˿̫ٵԭ򣬹Աࡣ
ڣϴū˿ڣҲһǧ򣬹ԱĿܹ࣬סڻ˳ڣʸμӳĹԱ͸ˡ
㣬˳ʸμӳĹԱ͹壬Ҳһǧ˶ѡ
Уǧ𣬾˲μӳʸ񣬵ȻҶǧ򳤣ûʸġ
ԣڲμӳĹԱǴһֻĸ߹ٲʸμӡ
ڵĳᣬԵȺ壬ʵܹ㷺ǧ򳤣һССĳĹԱʸμӳġ
ĳᶨ䵽ɽĻ鹬ʱҲǳʱĩ
ڶӻת˳Ǻĵ죬ǻһεĳ֮ʱ
һ磬˳ڻɽµĸլۡھͿʼæµûãСͳ˻鹬
ǱЩԱģȴһŻװ
̫ʱȻڻ˳żϡ
Ҷľ¼ĵڶӻ
ˣڶӼϣӦһǧʮһˣʵһǧˣ
ΪҶӳⷲһĶ飬ͻȻˮӿ֡
󣬰˰Χһ󣬷ģʮľ߰͸ıס
ڣǰЩ޳սʮֵܡ
ȻЩֵܵݶʱ͸ű׿ȥȻһĪĲҡ
ÿ߱ף߸̧𣬿ڼϡ
ⷲŵͳƣǽʮսֵҲˡ
ڶһǧһʮһˣҶļ֮£ֻû
ĿʵЩҶϡ
Ҷ뷨У֮Ͳˣû뵽ֻû
ֵǣվȻ֪ǽҪʲôˡҶһ£͵ػȭͷ
ΪսֵֻһΪǵڶֻһ
ʵҲôֻ뾡ȡһ£ֵðΣΪսֵܶ޸ˣսֵǼ෢һ㸧Ĺ¶ĸһ㡣
ǣ󳼳µӻ޳ףΪսӵĳ¼ѡ
ЩҶԳܡ
ǣȴǷ޶󣬶
ǲսֵĹ¶ĸ·ԣҾȥڻ˳ν֣ڻ鹬ǰʾһعһػ·Ը˳ģüҶȵ
Σûκ˳
Ҷ濴һĻĵ˵ͷξݺһѪս֧Ȼ׵ɱˡ
ܺãȻû˳ʹţνʾ
һ𺰣
ƽ޳ı
ƽ޳ı
ҪҪ·
ҪҪ·
սӳ¼սʮģ
սӳ¼սʮģ
󳼳µѪ鲻
󳼳µѪ鲻
˲Ϣ䣬˳Ǵ⣬˽ǧǱŷŭź
ΪͶɤ֮󣬽ǧͬʱŭ˳Ǿͱǰˡ
໹˯еĻӣʹӼ˳Χһ֧ŷŭľӡ
ӷеʮ߰͸ףΪˡ
ƽվãЩеʬ壬ͬʱҲޱȺ档
ڶӷ⣬мʮ޴İɫģѪ͵ĿںţȥĴĿġ
飬ڻڻͷһ⣬ڵڶӵŭûãһַǷٶȴ˳⡣
ԣһ߰ٶȴ˷
ʲôƵһȺֻ̧νΪȥսȡȨ
ʲôսĻ˷ŭ
ʲôԭһȺִִе޳ȥ
Ժ˲Ϣϯ˳ǡ
ҲҶŵڶӵĻνֵʱ򣬽ͷΧ۵ĻˣͻôһƺͨĻġ
ʲô˵ڶӵĻǣΪ˸սսѶŪһ㸧ɾ涨ƽðΣգɵޡ
ҪЩ޷÷ʯսսǶŪ㸧
ףлսǻᰴ·𣿡Ⱥɻ
ĸǧƷʯһˣЩ¶ĸã
һģֹǧƷʯɣ
Ҳǣǧĸĺ٣ܳԱӶˡ
ˣΪʲô󳼳µǷӸ
Ⱥеİͨ¶֮飬𰸾Ͷˣ˵ڶӵĻǶޣֵƣ󳼳µԼҪˡ
սĻĸ̰
٣ʲô˵ЩսΪµ˽
¼ڳɽһͷҪշ֪ļֵ
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2608 ˳Ƿ
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ĸʱΪţרŵľģ޷Զ
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2609 鹬
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ֵǣǻǾˣÿˣսһ죡Ϊˣǲսȴս֮Ĺ¶ĸƸ׳ޱȵ
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2610 зӯ
̶ҪǸԺӾͲӣ
ȥĸ磬ЩôģҪǸͱ
ƽҪ¼Ǹ̰۷װĿǵսѰ

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2611 Ķ
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2612 ҵֵ
ڶ̧ν¼ԻûŮ׿ϻʤ
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νĴãҲֻǳ¼Ա֮һֶΣεĿڳ¼С
ǣ¼ʧء
һسıȨ֮󣬻ͳ콪ǧλµľ󳼣˳µĿȱ
ǩ־Ȩǳһʧȥλãʹų¼ھʧȥ˻ȨˣҲʧȥȨ
ˣҶҲſףһҡƼҹϵС
£ȥ仯Ҫͱһ󳼵λá
ү˵һ⼸ʮһõ֮λ
ǳµ£ʸξ󳼵ѡôŮûѡҪȻǧҲûпܳξ󳼵ġ
δַı仯ȥ¼ֻǶһ֮λ
ӳԶֻҪŻŮΣǳ¼ûؾ֮λǳ顣
ǣ¼һʧģȴ棡
»鹬Ѿ˸ʾµṵ̂ۿ˿۸¼ûвսӡ
ǣûţ
ǻ鹬ûйȻͬߣͬߡ
ߣ̧νһӰ̫ˡ
ʱգڳµʱʱʱòҶͼɹµƵѪ
ǾУ¼ҵӰ
ٽ춼Զµڵĳ¼Ҳù˵ǧƿصƿĵһӣЩѡ
˳¼ӵܣû
ھеȻ׵ĳˡ
û취ܲܽоϲһ̰ۿ˿ˡ
ûκһ˻ϲˡ
ʺӿ۵ĳµͳ¼ŭ
һҲ˵塣
ϽֶҹϽֱ֣ˡ

鹬ǰЩʱճֵܹܻ㱨λӳֳˡ
һˣǳܹġ
Ϊʲô㱨
̧νôش£ΪʲôϼңǸʲôԵģ
֪֪˶Ӱ죬ŮŭܹҲʮֱ
ӳͱܹͷѵһͨѵĭӡ
λֻĬĬİѵûзֱ棡
˵ôش飬ΪʲôңŭĳܹȴûзŹ˼
ܹܣЩĻҵսѣҵֵܣ
ҵսѣҵֵܣˣΪʲôʲôʼ˵ӳˣһֱŭĳܹˡ
δ˵ܹ߳Ҳŭˣߣʲôƨսֵܣܸߵùһ棿
ӳҡҡͷ㲻㲻ᶮģһҡͷŭĻӳһת뿪
ʣ
ܹܰһ䣬ǿѹŭ𣬡ôǸأûʲô쳣Ҫϸ֣
ûκ쳣
˵Ҫϸ֣ʲôˣ˵ʲô
ûκ쳣ǻӳظһ飬ӿ뿪ĽŲ
óܹܷŭʲô̬ȣһ㻹벻ˣ
ԶӳߵĴǣһ˦֣һƾͷ˳ܹܡ
Ӿ̬ȣУӲˣ
㡭˵ʲôֱܹܱš
˵Ӳ̽ˣ
ֱܹᣬɽĻƸȴдɣûһ̣ɣ

̧ν¼֮죬ټҶ档
ҪһϢ
ˣʲôϢ
һȫµľƣӽʽεڶǧһְ
лˣҶ沢⣬ǵл
Ϣ֮⣬һϢȻԣҲпǺϢĿҶ档
Ҷ¶˺֮ɫԣ
һһεĴݣˣһΣǵĶ֣ǵµƵĵ𶨶ĿҶ˵


2613 ʮǰ
һεĴҪˡ
ľһΪλģԴݣ֮ĶԿ
ʱǸȡ֣Ȼдݡ
ǴݣҶԣǺϢǻϢ
Ҷ£˵һδݵĶǵпǺϢ
Ҷᵽһıζ
ã
Ӧǻ䱳Ľǧأ̧ν¼У˺ôдѡ
ܱãҲǼֵһ֡
̶ֳȵãҶ̸ϷС
Щ£ûνãҶҲһȥ
һ仰û˵һεĴݣҶԣǺϢ
νĺϢָҶŶԸ¼ǳµĻᡣ
ǣҶ˵нӽ鱦߲鱾Ŀԡ
֮£Ҫʲô⣬Ҫǧ˸ӵĶ࣬Ҳ鷳Ķࡣ
һֱȽ˵鱦߲⣬Ŀǧˣһ֮£ȫѻ꣬пܵġ
ˣ
ŮʮҲ
ȻҲҶ뷨ѡ
Ҷĵģ߲İйע
֮ǰҶھնɱ϶棬â̫ʢ˸߲㼰Ůע⣬ںÿνʱ߲һֱڰйעҶʾ
Ǵʱ߲ڰйעҶ棬Ҷûκλˡ
ҶĸӦУļξУʾѪ֮Ум
һγִоǰǰߴ£൱ڴĵСݡ
߲ǰһע
ĹأʱСͣΣݽһµ׼ʱ䡣
ִоԭҶĴ׼ʱֻвµʱ䡣
νľ׼ʵҲѵ
ɵֽиսϣ֮ĥʯȵȡ
ЩҶԣСƣûκ⡣
̧ν¼֮ҶҲǵУǡ
˵ڵУҶھЩҲҶǰߵĲˡ
̧νڸȡȨºŮպսĻĸһԭлϷ
ҲҶȡĺô
ڵڶУҶ˵Ѿﵽߡ
ǧͷޣʮͷޣȻֱһߵļ۸巢Ļġ
۳ռ˾ľеãūۿȦսռȵȣ֮ιãƷʯĸ߼ۡ
ϣһͷ޵ĴһǧƷʯһͷ޴һƷʯ
ƷʯǶһСԣҲһСĿˡ
ڸˣһˡ
ңʯ˵Ůκθ棬ɵڶд
˵ʵʾ޿ǣ˺ܶ˵ġ
Ͼ˿Ϊǧ򳤵Ҷ棬ķգӦһʡ
˵һ룬֮һӦû⡣
ңôͷǹ
ķ䷽ȴ˴ҲõڶӵĻǻѡ
սʮλռ˴롣
ÿ˵õʮƷʯ
ͨͥԣһˡ
Ϊڴ֮ǰսҲǧƷʯѡ
ۣһƷʯ㹻һ֮ʳϰˡ
ʮƷʯѾ㹻սĻǳɳˡ
ʣٶʮƷʯлӳǧڣÿ˷ǧƷʯʮƷʯ
µʮƷʯΪڶӵרԺս˲СսĵڶӵĻǣԴʮƷʯڻöĲ͸
䷽һ˶ˡ
Ҷǧ򳤣ȻеĻһֻǧƷʯ
ԭԤ⣬Ҷǧ򳤣ҲһƷʯľ޿
ǣԭǵҶ棬ھУڵڶ˲Ϣʹﵽһǳ˵ĸ߶ȡ
ѾʼɣҶҪͬʱһ෴ڶӵĻĻǧҶģġ
磬Ҷɵ
ϼڲֱҶɵģ˵Ҷӽˮģȵȣһ㡣
ԴˣҶ治мһˡ
ȷʵǧҪǷһƷʯҲ˵ʲô
һƷʯǶڵҶԣҲһСĿ
ǣҶĿԣһƷʯͲʲôˡ
飬ڲһȽϽɵĻ⣬漰һЩµʱ
˵֪֪Ҳ֣˭֡
һʱһʱ
ԴʱҶڵڶڵѯʻ£һˡ
߲¥
սǰڣҶٴһڶӳ߲¥Ծơ
ƺ֮ʣҶٴνұѹ֮£˽ϻ¡
ˣҸһܣɱ˵ĻƸѹ
ѣԲ˵
ʮǰ˵˴һŮӣŮӣйء
ҶȻһԺУһ绮һ


2614 
ʮǰ
ҶûмǴĻ´½뿪ڣѾʮˡ
ʱ䣬ҶǾԲǴˡ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶͷҶףпѾҵȷеĲµˡ
һɲǣҶһ޵ĳ嶯
׷Ѱôãҵһȷе
ȻļѣҶϣȴûһ˿ΨжžƱ֣ڲͣš
ʱȻȵľƺȣ˭עһ㡣
ĻŮӣΪʲôйأҶŻƸʵ
һȾƵþƺ󷢺˫ۿҶСϢʵҲûãͱ峤ֹȱ۴µˡ
Ϊʲôйأܼ򵥡
ʵʮǰǳ͢ŵŮλ֮
ҡƼҵһڱɣܵŮ¿Ĵ
ǣһھôˣõҲǰչѡ
Ů£Ҳ޷ԶƵԶѹȥ
ԣǴ¼֮ʱ佥ãʮʮȥ粨ƼҡҵȱɵˣҲ¿ʼܵá
ǵˣȻûƱȨǳ˹Ҫְ
ǣǸԴûã㣬ҲǴˣͱһĪеȥְڼҡ
󣬱һϵĹԱڶ̶ʱڣŮõãıᡣ
Ǵ¼Ϊϴ
ǵˣҲǻƼĿǰʵȨ죬˵Ϊ˲֣űסλá˵
ɲ𣡡ƸžƱЦЦ˵ǻƼҵһλ˼ڷˣûƼҵ
ңϴĸɸɾ
컯˲֣
ҶȻѵû컯ˣ
ңа
еĸоУҶѾ֮ˣԴʱ˵Ҳܴ󵨣ֻʮǰĹ͢Уģͱϴˡ
Ƹ˴ʱ͸¶Ϣǳ¹ز£Ҷš
Ҷ滹ûмŷʣۣЩϢԼ
ŮķӦ֮ԻжϴǾ˴Ůӣ뱣йأһƼйأԲŲϴ
ŮǲµĻô
һˣҶͷһǱһֻ߬סһ
ˣ˰죬¶ϴĻŮأȥˣΣ
ԣƸͬʱҡҡͷͲ֪ˡҲǴСϢ˵£ȷС
𰸣ȴҶ漱ˡ
ҶҲ֪Ƹеޣ֪ЩѾˣҶжӦòʲôԼġ
ˣ˵ǸŮӣ᲻ѾҶһƣ˳˿鹬ķ˼ײ
˵Ӧò󡣡ҡͷ
ΪʲôУҶЩš
ܼ򵥰ҵѪһֱϡǻеŮѪˡ
Ůʲô뷨ҲͬⰡңŮλ̣ΪʲôһѵõĻŮѪأ˵
Ҷͷɡ
ƸȴǻžƱҶƺԻŮԺܸȤ
Ҷͷ𣬡˭ŮأӣҪǲЩ״˵ԺôĶ֪ء
˵꣬Ҷֲһ䣬ʵǺ֪ǸνĻŮӣҡƼҺͱɣʲôϵΪʲôᵼ¶ϴأ
⣬ҶʵѾ൱ðˡ
ʱΪ˲¿ܵ䣬ҶѾ˲ôˡ
ҶʧǣƸͬʱҡͷˣĲ֪
һԣһֱھûпڵңͻȻ俪ˣˣ£ҿ֪һ㡣
ޣ֪ʲôҶЩ⡣
ˣ˵ʮǰǸŮصĻ컯ˣҲǽǧؽͳĸס
ϸԭлᣬǧظͳѯһ
ޣˣû˵Ļʵ뽪ǧظͳ죬ҲǱеһԱҺֱ˵
ǧظͳĸףģϢɿ𣿡ҶɻĿ⿴ҡ
˷ģСйµСϢҪ׼ȷкͻƸ˵
Ϊʲô
ΪңҲŮµĸֻڳ¼֮ҡƼұɵĶͷƸЦʵ˵
Ҷ浱㵣ȴǿЦ˷ģǻڹϵ۸ӣǵǸǵģǹϵ
˵ģҸ׸Ҷ廹ͬӪء
ô˵ϢȷඣҶʵ
Ӧû⣬һҸ׸̸ʱݼʱġ
˵ֿ꣬Ҷ״ĺģһҪȰһ䣬£ĪҪ̫¹ȥôã£Ҹ׿Уһɣ
лѣ
Ҷ湰˹ֻ֣ӵжӣ׼ѣǺȾƣȾƣ
Ҷ£˿ʼƱյҶͷȴǿʼһ¡
˵ҶĿǰյϢУҪ֪ʮǰػĻŮӡҲ¿ܵĻˣͷҲǧظӶɣ
ǣδ¿ܵأ
Ǹ⣡


2615 
Ҷ֪컯ˣǼ¶棬ǳѹѼټݴڻǱޡ
ĿǰģҲͳ콪ǧء
֮ҶҪ֪̽ʮǰصǸŮӵ䣬ֻܴӽǧ֡
ҪҶֱȥʽǧأеΣԲ˵ǧػ᲻شҶ棬˵ء
Ҷǵã߲¥ʱҶǧػشйغĴ½ľ⣬ǧشӦǷҶһ顣
ԽǧصƷԣҶ沢˽⣬ǵҶʼе¡
֮⣬Ҷ滹뵽һˡүӡ
ʮǰĻŮӣǧ˿ƵĹϵҪȻУҲܵϴʹˡ
˵үӻ֪µء
һˣҶͷ󶨡
ʱ˿̣ҶѰʮĲ£Ѿ֮ǰƮӰȷȷе׷Ѱ
ңҶĸоУѰҵµľ䣬ֻһ֮ңˡ
˾ķҶ淴ˡ
ҵ˲µ䣬ҶٵģһȻ󲨡
ҪӵɫĻŮӴߣ϶ס
ҶһҪԼõ״̬ӭӿٵ鷳
ǲִ£´Σ֮С
££ҶڵܹɢʱҶΪͿԾʩչˡ

󣬻һεĴݣھС
֮ǰԣһδʤǩʱ鵽Ķ֣ǡǡǵ
ǩһʱ˼ȶȡ
ľݣôݱ񣬾Ѿ˻˳ǾĽһ
Ǵݣȫʢһǻ˳Ǿ񣬸ܱߵĻ˲Զ롣
ٷҲһʢڸ㡣
ǻľͿ˸ָ̿ڡ
ò˵ڹٵĻԣһȽϺõƵֶΣոǴĲƸ
ŵģȴڵ־еĵľս
ǰСУڶǧҶնɱ˵Ĵǧ϶ӳˣѾлԹ˵
ĵµľ֮λǱҶûģڴжϣʱ˵Ĺע
־УעڵֵĵľսС
עĽֹۡ
Ȼ˵ҶĵڶʤսϾֻǵһӣʮ֮һѡ
ΪڵսսҪҫࡣ
δУսʤǸʤʡ
սʤȵҪ͡
Ҫǣһ֮ǰǴδУĶ֣ǵ
ʱǳ¼ҲڵĻ
սУɱĴܣ
񣬵ѡû䣬ǻ𣬵¼Ѿ˵һǧ򳤡
ǣĴµڻ壬ȴսһ
ʮǰµ֮ʱаܼйݰʤսǻҫ۵Ľ֮һ
ҲΪҫ۵սŵ˵ʱĻδǻĻŮʶΪĸֱŮǻ֮һ·Ǩ
ԭΪսһĳµǲ̤սˡ
Ͼһλ󳼡ͳ죬ûлݵġ
֮£µľְ֮ᣬ˵ʱʮ֮󣬵һս񣬾Ȼٴβݣβû˳Ǿ˷ܡ
ԭʵǿڵ˵һսĳµָӵĵʤǳɱ
ڶĵһ־ʱѺĿ
һĵڶ־ݽʱѺѾ޽ӽ侪˵İ˶
ڰĵ־ݽѾȶڰ˶ÿʮУа˸ѺʤѺʤžһǰ
⸶Ҳﵽһ˵ĳ̶ȡ
ʤһһѺһƷʯǧҪˮ
ʤﵽ˾˵һѺһܹǧƷʯǳ˵档
Ѻ˻Ǻ١
Ͼ˭ҲԸԼʯȥˮƯ
սǰڶһڶӳۼҶΧЩ㷡
ˣʤΣ˵ҪҪ͵͵ȥһֵʤԱһ¿աһӳ˵
ǵôûģҶȻ
ˣûģǽǵ˵Σÿν䣬ûһʤһһǰǴܣսĵԭûб䡣ƸЦ
һζԷָأһսµкǽš
ˣҪҲһʤҵ²ˣﾭɵġ˵
һڶӳҶͻȻͻһⷲ
ˣڣⷲҶӳ
Ҷ׹һöָⷲһ㣬жʯ
ⷲһ㣬ʹˣһʮƷʯ
ţǱȫҡ
ȥȫʤ
ⷲʶĵͷȴɫ䣬ΧҶߵһڶӳǣɫ䡣
ˣ˼
ˣ嶯Ҫˡ
˵ֻҪڣ;Բ䣡ҶһؼӽȥȥѺ
Ҷĺ߳£ⷲһ̵ȥҶעûãעƾ֤һڶӳңҳģԥѡ
ȥɣѺ˭ʤҶܣһҪһ䣬ҪѺ˵ʱѪ޹飬ɱҡ
ԭЩԥһڶӳǣҶһ˵ʱͼᶨ
ҲǣԸŴʲôʱܹ޳¸ߣԸʤȥƸ˵
ԣԸʤȥ
һڶӳ뿪ҶЦһ䣬µֵһ䣬ǧҪȻѪ޿ɱֱûѡ
˺ȻӦŵ뿪ҶУȴһ˿ء
δսʧܵӣȻ£һսô
˵ģӵĽ죬ҲǷŻƸģ˵ʤעǾʱ᲻ս
ҶģдӰ죬սʿڹؼʱ̶ҡ
Ҷ˼ʱյһķѶҸ磬ҿҵȫ˽ǮǵʤҪˣ°뱲ӾͿඡ
ƤдűҶϸһ˿ɬ
˶
ҶһֱУ˷֮
µȻǽδĹϵأ
ҶģĴ⣬ѰҲµ仹Ҫѣ
һ𣬾Ҷͷʹޱȡ
ˣ룡ͷʹ䣬Ҷߴⷲ


2616 ɱè
һδôûʲô뷨Ҷ֮󣬺ֱӡ
뷨
ҶЦˣˣҸոսеļҵѺǵʤţһʮƷʯ
ЩԾģǵʤ
˵ˡ
ҶĻشЩìˣûգ㻹Ѻȫң
ҶٴЦЦָָԼģΪҶԼģ
üͷһ壬Ҷ⻰ˡ
ҲҶڣӮ
شЩЩ
Ǳ㹻ģϾҶСʤսıߣҴһǧӼʮ޳лսɲһ㡣
ֻһǧ˶ѣʮӵģôʤɻ
Ĵ㣬ҵĵڶӣµŶӱȫˣǣ㱻ȫߣãҲܴ߶Էļɣ
һԶԷ֧һʤʵģҶ˵
һʤ𣿡𶨶ĿҶ档
Ҫʤ
Ȼ˭ʤݵʤڳϵǷǷģսʤµһս񣡡ǻȡ
ǾͿܹεʲô̶ˡҶ˵
ȫ
Ļشǹϡ
ǴܹޱңһʤˣΡҶ˵
Դϲû⣬ʱָӣʵеľȫ´
ˣʲôսԼƻûУʵ
ûУ
Ҷҡҡͷ
󼱣ⶼϾҪսˣûսԼƻϽģϽһ
ˣ˵ݵĵΡܱߵδ֪зλδֲ֪δ֪սԼƻ
Ҷ⣬ûֱȻ
ˣͷİɣ˹ģսѣӦ䣬ѹҪʲôսԡ
ž뿪Ҷ棬һȻ
ǻڣ˹ģĴսѾܾˣô͸Ҽһ
ǻ֪Ĵ½սʮϰıԱ֪ҶԪ˧Ͳôˡ

Ż˾ԴУսĵͬʱ
ݼʼ
ͬʱҲѵ
УλУʤͿɡµսǰԱ͸Īһڻǣǿȡ
һսָ½оݣǵҡ
֮£սǰԱЩμ׾ˡ
֮УһЩͲ˵ˣһ£Ҫٴǿһξݽ֮󣬲ʤ˭Ҫ𲻴һ˵ĳսֻһ֮ͳսʱӽһӣ
ڽȻӦŵʿԱȵһء
Ҳᣬ໹δע˳Żδׯ֮ǰ˴ĵʤ
ûʤʣﵽ˿ֲľűһ
龰õڶӵһڶӳǣ׷ð
ǿȫǧ򳤵ĻעԸʤҪˡ
Ҷʱĸ»һᶨͻȻ䣬һĿҶӦ֮£˹ȥ
棬ְΪһǧ򳤵ĳ¼һɱһĿ⣬ĶҶ档
ʱҶĿ⿴ǸȻͬʱҶ͵˸ƣ۶ɱ
״ҶȴһЦų¼һָ˹
˼ײͷ
ҲڴʱͻȻ˴˾Դսʽʼ
䣬߲ʹ⻪⣬У˲ϢУڵ˰
ϼʧɲǣԭУȻһˡ
ϼʧһѾһƬƽԭشϡ
ǰǹޱȵƽԭҲ࣬һĴӣĸɽɭ֡
Σüͷ
ֵΣսϵı仯
ܶʱֵǾսĵΡ
ڿдսһսʤ
ʤȡ˫ʵʿ
Ŀǰ£ʵʿҪڵġ
һսµͷɲġ
ˣɽǱߣǿܷˡһͻȻ侪
жԶϴ˾
ǧңӵһ֮䣬˾ܹҷڵƽԭǽдսԶĳϢ
Щأʱ˿̽дսĸоԣӮĺ١
ִսʱһʧܣǴܣ
սȥܶˡ
ֻܷʽʽĻܣ
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ңȻȥɱèˣҶĿ⣬ɱ


2617 ˵ĺϢ
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2618 е
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2619 ǽʱ
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2620 ֮ɱ
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2621 ߲ʿռ
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ҶҪشûʲô󰭵ʱ̣ҶͷͻȻһ
һֱֱеҶӰԪ鰢ͻȻǰӰһãʹһȫİĿռ䡣
һռ䣬ȫͬھݿռĸӡ
ֻһ˸߲ʹ⻪Ӵռ䣬Զ߲ʴɽĿ
֮ǰҶ洳߲ıռ䡣
ҶӰһֱֱ˺üʱۻֱоﵽʮʱڴ⴦ռ䡣
Ԫ鰢ԣֻ߲ıռΧѡ
£ҲûԥҶӰԪ鰢һǰߡ
ֻûǰã߲ˡ
˱һ߲ʹĻġ
Զ߲ʴɽԿǴ߲ʹĻ
ô죿ҶڵԪ鰢󽻴϶ǲǿдġ
ǿд϶У˵ܲǿдֻҪҴͻϾ߲飬һһһǾˡԪ鰢˵
ô죿û취ֻܷͨҶɻ
ǿ϶еģǣӦÿͨӦÿԣԪ鰢˵
ݣ߲ʹĻ߲ԪĻôܴҶһɻ
ԣԪ鰢ٺһЦˡӴķĻ鱦߲飬Ҳ޷߲Ԫά֣߲ıĻ
߲Ȼȫǿ컯ҲǵҲ̺
ֻҪĵطݣߣԪ鰢һߣ˼Զ
ûٿǣҶ˾
ˣˣѾ޷ָӾӣҪˣָȨͽɡҶеĻ˵
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ңβָӣٺò
ˣ뿪ˣ

ҶĻشܼ̣
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ڲ⣬ҶһӰڵϣϢĶԶֱԪ鰢Ӱֵ߲ʴɽռ䣡


2622 ʵ
߲ʴɽռڣҶ汾ĵִҶ֮ǰ̽·ӰһΣ˱֮ڡ
ô۲ΣҶżͷϻĽģԪ鰢ʵ
Ҷϴ߲ʴɽ鱦߲ı壬߲ʴɽͿ϶߲ʴɽ֮ϡǰ߲ʹĻԪ鰢˵
Ҷû˵ֻǷֳһСĿʼӦǰ߲ʹĻ
ΣҶһ
˵߲ʹĻУȷʵ̺дв߲ʹĻߣ̺һƼֲϢû´ĻӦþǿ߲ʻ˰ɣ
ûԼ尲֮أڰȫޱȵĻУ߲ǷǳСĵġ
˵꣬Ԫ鰢ǶצҶ棬ôҲң
ǸҲҵ⣬Ҫһ⣬ʵң߲ʹĻ̤߲֮ı֮󣬱ֵĻж󣿡
ҶСģ鱦߲ڲһ֣ɾǱ׽
˵˵߲ǶʱǡÿǾͱץ˲ǡ
ԣҶֱӸԪ鰢һ㡣
ٺ٣Ԫ鰢ָŶ߲ʴɽЦֻ߲һֱѣֻΪ˼߲һƷˡ
еĵۣŻʱʱ̹̿۲
ô˵أһ쵽ҺԺ𣿡
ǣ˵߲ʴɽϾ߲ı壬̤ϣ᲻ᱻ֣һҿ϶ᷢ֡Ҷ˵
˵ˣ߲Ͼˣ᲻ĸоҲ֪
˵Ҷϴߣ㵽ȥȥҪȥ͸ϽȥǾ͸Ͻ뿪ñ߲鷳Ԫ鰢˵
ʲôôҶʵ
֪Ԫ鰢ͷҡĸ˹һУ϶ǴôôԪйء
һ˼⣬ҶҧҧȻˣһѣ˵꣬ҶֱӰԪ鰢Ļ˵СӸһ㣬һвԣ̫ıԴϾ͸Ҿȳ
İɣϴ㵹ùˣһܺã
Ԫ鰢ĹУҶζػһ⣬ǰ߲ʹĻ
һɲǣҶͳ߲ʹĻߡ
˳ͨ
߲ʹĻȻֲ̺߲Ԫ⣬һ㲻ǣʲô¶ûС
죬ȥ߲ʴɽԪ鰢Ҷĵ
ҶûأµҲɫġ
Ԫ鰢ԣⷲɫģп߲ı塣
ҶҲҹֵĴ߶̫ͨ⣬ֱӴ߶һԹȻŹ߶羫ڵطһֲ첻ٶȷ߲ʴɽٶ
߲ʴɽŲԶҶ˰ʱŵִ
ִ֮Ҷסˡ
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Ϣһ߲ʴɽϴһɽʯǸûʲô
ͻȻ䣬ҶĿһɽϣһ߲ʹ⻪ۡ
СķȥҶĿͻһ
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ɽһ߲
Ҷϲǣ߲ϣȻŲСͬĹʵʵ߲ɫ
֮ǰɽ£߲ʹʵ߲ʴɽһ壬Уʱˡ
ȻҹȻû´߲Ȼռһ壬ӦþǴ˵е߲
Ǹȣ֪ô˹ʺ˵õ߲飬Ȼ˻һ壡Ԫ鰢ٴι
ҶЩף߲ȴҶ͵һ˵ӣǴ˵п
˵ֻǴ˵ûҲ֪ȴ֪˻һ壡Ԫ鰢˵
˻һ壬ʲô˼
ݴ˵һȣǳ߲鱾Ͻ߲ųɾ߲Ԫ⣬ſ˻һ塣Ԫ鰢˵
Ҷһ˵ҪǳʵҲܳɾ߲Ԫ飿
ˣ
Ԫ鰢һİۣҪ߲ػĻ壬Ҫ࣬ӵ߲Ԫ컯Ūʮ죬Ͼ޵ˣ
ʲôã
ӦÿԪ⣬ˣڵɫԪɫԪû⡣Ԫ鰢˵
ֻһɫҶɻ
ȻֻһɫˡңʵκֻеһγԣЧԪ鰢˵
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һţ
ǼһԵӦ߲ռĳ֮󣬲֪ʱһ߲Եļ߲ı壬ЧȻر𡣡Ԫ鰢˵
ȻЩʧҶУ˸ž˵Ĺ⻪˵̫ıԴ»Ȼժ߲߲ܲк͸о
˵˵߲ڴˣǵ̫ıԴȫùҲסֻ߲һƷĴ󲿷άֺͽһεĴݣҾϷ
˵꣬Ԫ鰢ԾԾԵĿҶ棬ҶϴôҲң


2623 ݽ
һţ
ҶǴҳһɫ⻯ɵļӣһһ߲뵽ҶĻ
ǣ߲Ȼˣ߲龰һ֮ǰû˿仯ղҶժµö߲ɹ߲ϡ
ڲժ֮ǰԪ鰢ͽǵϧޱȣײöõ̫Դ˿ԴԴϵӿ߲ΪҶڻ
̫ıԴжҶ治֪̫ҶȴǷǳ
̫ûһ׷ֻҪڰĿ£ҶԸᾶֱ׷꣬Ҳᷢ׷κ⣬ֻ׷㣬̫ڰĲٿµ֮
˵̫ıˡ
һ߲ңҶľɤۣ±߲֡
ǣһϢϢϢƽˮûκα仯Ҷһϲ
죡Ԫ鰢ߴٵ
˵һŵĳɹҶƽȶٶȲժ߲
ҶҲܴСϽĹӣһûдﵽ߲ʵĹӣ߲ʵҶȫժˡ
ʮ˿ţת˲ĹҶͽʮ˿߲ȫժˡ
µĴԼ߿Ų߲ʵģԪ鰢˵ⲻ߲ʵĹӣδ죬ûκô
űժһգɹ߲߲Ҷڴ˵õʲôô
Ԫ鰢شҶͷͿϴҶ
ƴСĳ߲Ҷ侹Ȼɢ߲겨ǳ졣
ԥģҶ͵ǰߺҶһա
٣û߲ҶҲǺöֵ깥òˣɫԪĹҲȫס
ҪܹŪ߰أպһӵ߲ԪĻҲˡԪ鰢Ц
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ժӸĶȫ¡
̫ıԴҲһ˵Ķϱ֮ʹ
նǸִ߲֦Ҷ濴Ǹ˶ϱһԻᱻ߲鷢֡
þҶ滹Ƕġ
ߣ
Ȼǰ߲ǱҶ滹תߡ
ˣ̫ıԴܹαװãҶʵ
ֻҪ⴦ռڣ̫ıԴͻһֱάһ뿪ͻɢԪ鰢
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ֻҪ⣬뿪ս֮ǰӦöκαʡ
뿪˾ս֮󣬾߲鷢߲ܽвսĻѻ겻ɣ
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Сʱ֮ҶСʩչݣǲ߲ʹĻûã뿪߲ʴɽռ䣬ع鵽˾ս
һصսҶһŷɿΪ
߲ʴɽռ뿪ҶѾȫһ롣
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ⲿӽҶҲָʱҶʤǽиޱȡ
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ǵ˲ϢͱĲһˡ
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кüΣڵǿĿ˵ģ̴֮࣬ҲʵǸ
ǧǧˣ׷ɱԷǧˣҪĻķţ
μ䣬̧ŵĵȻˣҪȥһ¡
ǧҪȥ㣬һֻԶԶš
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˭Ҳ֪ʱڣҶıȻǱ߲ıռ䣬ȡ˴߲
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㶪߲һ·˭ҲɲҶͷϡ
»صܵҶ棬ŻΪѵģЦſһ䣬ˣٷֱһ·ϷǰΧ߳绢
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ͬһɲǣҴĻʼǿƳսҶҲ⡣
ֻһɲǣҶ񾭣˼£


2624 У
УڣƼ
Сݣһ㶼һ֮ھǴݵʱ˵ˡ
а֮ھ;սģҲһġ
ڻľʷУнʮĴݡ
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˵Ļˣֱָǰ̭ĵƿڴ
Ļ̣һͷɥģʱ˿̱Χ͸ӵľɥˣһͷ͵Ŀ쵽ˡ
һСֻɥ֮⣬ȴǿ־塣
һֻĿԭ¼Ҷնɱˡ
ʱһ־ޱȣͷԣڳ¼Ѷûд
ȻݵսûսѾעˡ
Ѿˡ
Ӯ
֮ǰѺ˵ӮĻˣǰأ
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˻˵Գ¼үӳ죬ϼүˡ
ϴΪС֮£˾ֵĲɿսǵնɱϼ϶棬ֱѪ
ԭһĴݡ
ǵȡʱȻǳɵĳ˵
Ҫ˵⵱ûè壬˭ţ
ԴӴһʼλͽϾˡ
һʼΪŵģү硣
Ͼµһսͷɲġ
ǣԽԽĵ̭үϵЦݾԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽ󣬵ҲԽԽ㡣
Ϊʤ
ŵޱȵүӣǳĲˬ䲻һ䣬ߣ϶ʤʤˣʲôõģ
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ߣһ޻üɭɱ⣬һδݵʤҪҪǵĿ꣡
⻰үϽǵĿʲô
ԣüһٺٵЦ˵𣿡
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ǡҡ仰˵󣬾үԼҲģʲôǲҵġ
һжǰվµģһȣȴ޾ĺ⡣

ү֮£Ȼһƨӡ
үӶҶûģǵ
үţҶԽкڵǿߣܻԵأ
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Ĳ̫࣬ˣ
үʧǵӵģһۣͬʱĹЦ
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һʱ䷢˳µϾͶЦݣЦݾͽסˣ֣λ¼ӵܳµɫÿ

һս񣬾ˣܺòŹ֣
Ŀ⣬ͬʱ˵ӪֻҪ֣ʹųɹˣʤ
ţţ
ͻȻ䣬үǺһָžУЦЦϲá
ڶĴӵ³ֵҶ棬Ѫһ;˶սȴǳľ
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еĺ飬һɲǰܻ˼£
ҵµ¼СӣҲװôõĻᣬȻɱųҶ޵ҪɵԹ
óɫӵѿ
ѣͽĿͶ˵Ӫ
ɱʧ£Ҫ˵Σ϶ڳ¼ϣϾµΪǲֵܳġ
ʱǻĳҳ¼ʸһôɱ
ֻҪһڣ
¶ãֱǷ
ʱ򣬳޲ָ¼ƣ
ǿ˺һᣬ컹ûдӵĻӪУҵ¼Ӱ
ͻȻ䣬Ƴ죬㿴ڸʲô
˳ָȥĿһ
ͿڶӵĻǣͻȻóһơ
֮ǰսʮĸֵܵλ
ھУģڶսʮĸλ߸߹
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ΣʱͽȫĿ˹ȥ
˵ע£ڶǧҶ棬һѪܵͷ֣صķŵʮĸλ·
һɲǣڶӵĻǣ׷ŭֵǣǵĽˣһ·ߺãսѣ
ֵǣǵĽˣһ·ߺãսѣ
˲Ϣ䣬ķԾ


2625 սսս
ڶӵУͷ֮٣þУķĻǣޱ𾪡
ܱߵĻǣŵڶӵľٶҲ𾪸пĪԵڶøС
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ֻг¼үӳ죬ͬһͷŭʨһ棬Ϸն˵ҿ˭ң
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һ£ƾʵºʣԴ˾Щˣ¼ھУ£Ǹ鷳
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ӵķŭǽǧؾǰţҪȥնɱҶ档
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Ǿ⼸ۣĳµӻҲķ̡
ԭ仰Ӧ˵ģֻΪԭȴľ֮λŪûˣ˵ı
о󳼽ǧ˱̬ȴɲԸЭָŵɱأǲӦȹ
ԣǧҡҡͷүӣ˵ɱ֣֮磬һУҪȽ¼ۣ֮һУҪݾ
𰸣ɺܲ⣬ԣͻȻ䣬һԵĻ˾ԴͻȻʧʲô߲ˣôܣ
һǣ浽߲飬лɫˣ
һɲǣ˾Դͼ˻ˣ׼뿪κ˶ö
Ů£Ů£
Դ˻ɲǣ߲ʹ⻪ͻȻӿУΧ˲Ϣ͹һȦ߲ϹĻ
Уң


2626 ˽
ƽѵһĻŮһ̵ʱڣ˾УϷ
ŻŮһֵģǧ͢һٹ͢
еĹ͢Ϊ͵ģǽڣһٹ͢һΪϢǿĻŮ
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˴̣ܱߵĻǣޱȣһҡ
ŮڣҪһЩ飬ϣŰ
ͻȻ䣬ҶͷһУ֪ʱһ߲ʹ⻪
߲ʹ⻪Ů̸ţŮϵľݣȴԽԽࡣ
ֵе󰡣ڣԪ鰢һƷζģҰֹͣǻŮ߲鱾嶼ˡ
ã˵Ҷϴһ£ñ߲ʲôͨطˣұϾڱӡ״̬
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УŮڽ̸ŵ߲Ի߲ʹ⻪ڲͣıãʾķŭ
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УŮĪͷʹ
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ԭҲܼ򵥣˳Ͷڣֱӵɫɫ֮⣬ĻĻңѹûгֹɫϵĻ⡣
ĹأֻɫܳΪŮֻӵɫ⣬ܼ̳л鱦߲顣
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ֻɫ⣬ȷ̳ʸ֮󣬻һö̷߲֮ɫͻΪɫ⣬Ȼſӵж߲һֿȨ
εĻŮǷ߲֮󣬽ɫΪɫġ
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µȴûķԣǽĿ⿴˻ŮŮʥã


2627 ѵ
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2629 ҶСè
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2631 үӵҪ
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ոڻվסţһֽͽ˹͢гι͢ǧ򳤡
ƽ
ҶЩΡ
ոڵлã˸ͱ˸׳нˡ
Ҷ浹Ҳŭ
ΪҶԣνĻлãһеһУΪһĿġѰҲµ䡣
˼ʹϵҶѾĺοˣҶԣڲڵûжӰ졣
ⱻ͢УΨһĿܣһѡ
ңСƸйػϢѾҶڿˣҶ̽鱨Ŀ꣬ص㽫ھ󳼽ǧϡ
ԣݵҶƽĽˡ
ǣ˵ķӦȴȫҶϡ
õϢһͬսѣȻ׷Ҷ档
һǧȾˣеڶӵĶӳСƸҷ׷׽Ҷ档
ҶŸףڻ磬ܹѡΪ͢һҫ
ֻƽΪ͢ǧ򳤣ڻпҲǨ
Ǩ
һǳ˾ϯ뿪
ھϯϢƸ˸ʱҶ˽˼䡣
Ƹû˵ֻ̫࣬ǶҶ棬빬֮͢ҪСġ
֮£о͸ֱˣ˵ĻƽΪ͢ҫǰ;ǶҶԣɾͲһˡ
ΪҶ棬ң
εĻŮλЩһֱûֹͣѹҡ
ϵѣҶ汧Գֿл⡣
ʵһ㣬ǲѣҶԸҲ²ˡ
빬͢൱ڱ˻ŮƤӵ£ոճƵҶֱӼܿգҶƿ֮¡
֮£͢ĹظҪҶʱҪŮͷֻҪܹ͢ĳܹܻ߹͢ͳһ仰ܹҶʰˡ
˵빬͢ҶȨ˱С
ȻѾȻصҶ棬ġ
̶ֳȵζڴܣֻСơ
Ҷ汾Ϊĵ˻үӡ
ΪҶոڻƣ˲ϢͱƽܿգʧĿ¾үˡ
û뵽Ҷ鷿ǣһ۶ѹסϲɫүӡ
ҲҲ
鷿ڣүĦȭƣ˷ܡ
үүģα빬͢Ǻ£Ҷɻ
ڵԣܲǺ£ңĽԣȴǴĺ¡
˷֮ɫүӣֱҶĵصңȻ󣬾ֱһһصľ磬磬ޱȡ
үӸûп˵ֱ괫Ҷ潻˵ǽ˼¡
ȻҪι͢үүһҪæҪСĽΪ£ϵδϵϵǧ˵ү괫˵ȴڶĴҶķӦ
үүԸһҶ˵
£һҪҾԲ¶κ˿켣ҡţ֮ء
ǣһɹǵȴģٻϷĲ˵ĻͳǾ󳼣пġүŵ
ŵҶЩ⡣
ͳ죿
󳼣
ЩɶǻسˣǻŮε˻ǻˣ޷Ρ
үҪʲô
ѵҪ䣿
һ룬㻹˵˵ֿܡ
үүҪʲôҶʵ
ȲҪ˵ҼסҽҪ󡣡
һĹ͢ճֵػ鹬Ů³У䵱Ůµ̣һΪְ֪ܡү˵
Ϊְ֪ܣ
ûиĵط֮ǰΪѲֵɽʱӦüġү˵
ĵطҶüͷһʱ뵽һط˷壿
Ůϣֻ˷Ϊ⣬ΪҶʱڣִлѲֵʱɽϣӴΨһֹӽĵطֻ˷ˡ
û˷壡ҶĴϻүͣҪҶһϻҲͷˡ
˷˷壬үүҪҴ˷ھʲôˣҶʵ
˷ھˣүӿЦҡҡͷǻܣүүҪ˷һ
˷Ѳֵһɹ͢εġһι͢ǧ򳤣ò˶ãͻֵѲֵ˷壬ʱѰһᣬӣڱǺŵĵطͺá
үóһǽʩطӡĺӣǵ¼ʱҶνĽ
үүʲô͸˭Ҷʵ
ϡ֮
Ҫ͸˭Ժ֪ˣҪ֪ˣ»ỵ£
Ůµɫɲģһ֪Ǹ֣߶Ǹ֣Ů˵ͻӦӶ˴£ү˵
ԣҶЩκʧ
Ҷ汾үõһЩõϢû뵽үȴһھܾˡ
Ҷүӵ˽⣬Ȼܾˣ;˵ϻ
һɲǣҶͷȴһ
ȻүӸиΣﶼҶ档
ôҶҪһЩ⣬үǲǾͻشأ
ңүɻ˻֮ģʱڣҲὫҶô
һˣҶ´󶯡
үүһ£һүү
˵
үүкͻƸ˵ʮǰһɫŮӣүү֪Ůӵ䣿
Ȼ䣬Ҷһ֮ǰүӶһʳ仰ҶҲĶүӣүӲشҶҲүеõ𰸡
Ҷִ֮󣬵һֱѯʲµ䣬ЩţҲЩڴ
үӵķӦҶеҪƽࡣ
ҡҡͷ£Ϸ˵˵ܵӰ졣
ǣ˵ǸŮǻŮӣɫĻŮӣݺ⣬ڻڲ˶
ŮأҶ׷ʵ
үٴλҡҡͷ֪˵Ǳܴá
ܴʲô˼ҶЩˡ
ѺֻȵȣɫĳԱϡ٣ǲɱ˵ġү˵
еļλشУүӵƽ޲ûκβƽҶʧҶ滹׷ʵүүɻ֪Ϣ
ţϷһ֪֮ġϷ֪ģЩˡˣʲôүʵ
Ǻ桭
ҶȻ˵滰үͷֹͬͷ
㲻õģҪʲôˣһϷ򽻴ǼɣϷͿԹİˡ
Ǽ£һҪٽܳ
үֽ˰죬ŷҶ뿪
ĿҶ뿪֮үӵ飬ͱɻޱȣôͻȻ䣿


2632 ľ
Ĵ½
ڶȨڸ߿У˴εͳ˧üһңң۲̲
棬̫ƻˣǴһȫ˽˺ȴǴܵݿ˼ѾΪȨͼų޺޵˵
ǽƻ𣿡ЦҿеСͽ̽ɡ
ǴȨôͳ˧üʾ
Զһ޼ʵЦɱ
ܽ߰ʮˮִҬݣŭɳ԰˾Ϊš
ǣˮ壬еҪƻĶࡣ
;ոյִˮͿʼģˣĿҬݣԼʬǡ
м˼˿ʮһĴء
ӵˮ壬Ŵˮٶȣ˻
ԶΪ׵ֻ̾
£Ϊʵϵ߸ˡڶȨ֮
ʵϣ£Ҫˮ壬ѹҪλȨصڶȨԴ
һΣǴսĿˡ
壡
ˮ֮ʣķ־ߣ
ڣδɱһˮȴˡ
ȻԤϵŴȴ֮ûãˮ¾ͻ̤
ʱ򣬲ˮ壬Ϻˮ壬¶ͬʱһһ
֪⵱е֮ԣʾֱˮоս
ˮеĻҪƻŴȻûҵˮ
ȴҵ֮ǰǧˮټ
ǣһľٶ
Ͷ
ǰܵĶоһרˮѪĺ͢
ʱԥ˳
ѪеߣһˮжˮѪҺҲữѪ˷
Խˮж⺣ˮеѪԽԽֲ
ƾˮȻľҲ޷Ѫڶʱ
ܴһѪ۹
һĳ£ͻ÷ǳķִš
ѪһŴںϿյĴܾӣŵıƵޣɢѪ֮С
ûã˺ˮޱǺѪҺҲ˺ĶҺɢ˷
һʱ䣬ڣ黯Ѫܾ֮֮
ּ䶾ֶ£һ֮ҵˮѪǧˮ
Ѫʵǰͱ֤ʵˣԸͨˮ廹Уһˮˮ֮ܣ䲻ܻѪȴܹѪһΧڡ
ϾѪǿźˮġ
˵˵ǶѪΪɱˮ壬˵ѪΪ˱ƳˮȻˮսһشˮ壬ﵽķ־ߵĿģɹѷսĿꡣ
˵սԣ൱ġ
ƳˮʱǺġ
ˮߴǧ򣬶޾ɫ
ʵߣͨ񾳣ˮأ˵ǿˮһ
Щˮļ˾һһоܸɵǧ
ԣڵƳټʱΪ˷ܡ
޷նɱֻҪشǾĺˮ岻κ춯ˡ
ķ־ߣҲܹʶܵľĺѪֶΣҪôħս֮ʻӺô壬¾͵úúÿǿǣܲܳܵסºŭ
һܹΪȡһαʱ䣬ȶĿǰľƣȹĿǰѹء
Ƕҵ̫϶裬Ҳܼһսȴ׼֮λԭ׼ĲӰ졣
Ҳһζļʹ
ڶתתʮ죬ˮ˳ĽӴ˽֮ŵڶȨһͳ˧üָ£һʮžɱĳ׼һٻնɱһܻشķ
ԭһʮ侫ɱ֮ӦѪ죬ɱ¾ὫˮȾѪ
ɹǣһʮ侫ɱ֮ϣĺڹ⡣
ĺڹиһӰǧӰȻнǹ⣬ֱӷ˽ս棬Ҳ磡
𾪣


2633 
ɱʧֱʧȥϵ⽫ΪѲ˾Żˡ
µ̾ɳʮѲ񽫣ɱ
ϾѲ񽫿ԴգѲ˾Ѳ񽫾þѵڴķաϢ֮ӦֶΡ
ȻǣʮԿѲ񽫣ɱ֮󣬾Ȼţ뺣һҲûϢ
£ڵһʱ䣬ͽν㱨Ѳ˾
ҽϸΣӰ˵
ƹѲ˾Ԥ˾죬Ȼǵһʱʼ¡ְ
ʼ¡¡
һԱյ׼ֵ˵һ𰸣
ˮɱ
龰ڵӰнǹ⣬ԼˮյΣжϣѾʧˮɱ
ˮɱֻڵʱֹΡ
ʱˮɱҪԸĿ컯ˣ
ĺ͢ԣˮɱ
Ϊˣܻ˳ʮʥĴۡ
һսĺ͢Ҳʧء
ˮɱ壬ͳͳɱ˵ʬ񻹱ֵԭ֮£ѹܹˣػء
һսĺ֮͢УΨһ᲼ˮɱ̫Ҳʥϧһдնɱ
ˣĺ͢ԪˣԶԿʥˮɱҲʹʧֻܲĺ֮УڱϳڴܣʼܴϵĲ߷⡣
֮ˮɱ󣬾Ҳûϳֹ
ʱô꣬ʧˮɱ󣬾ȻٴγˣôܾĪ
ͬʱҲôܾ֮ߡ
ԴӰڿµˮɱ󣬲ȫӰֻǧ
ʮֻһǧ岼µˮɱҲֲ
ԸĿٴʥ
ڣԸȴٵµĴ
ҪԮĻһĵϹȥֻӴ򹷣ȥ޻ء
ˮɱ󣬼ǲ֮Уȡƿֻ֮
ҪƿͱҪڲ
Ŀǰˮɱˮǧ壬ôҪ󣬿Ҫǧϵĵٵǧ
ǣڵĴܣ׽⣬ȥǧȥ
ңȸϵս򣬿һжˡ
ǧˮڴΧ֮£һٶܳŰ춼漣ˡ
ףˮۻд
Ԯ֮·Ȼˡ
һԮ֮·컯ˣ
һλ컯˼ʥһͿƵˮƴˮɱ
ԶķˮɱǾû컯˼ֵģ
λͱ󷨵УûκοͨϢ
Ƕ컯˵һɡ
ķּڣһ컯ˣµĳͷ
ʮǰĳͷǲġ
˵ʮǰħս֮ǰĳͷҲǲµġ
Ҳ죬Իȥ
ڲһܷƮһ׵ĳΪˣǶڵĴܶԣѡ
ǣһһʮȫûԴܶԣͬѡ
޷ԤϺѡ
ᵼ´ĿǰΪĻʧ޷ԤƵĺ
磬ԭڹ壬ִܻܡ
֮УĴ½ߣɲ
ʱ򣬴ܿɾķƮҡˣһã֮
ǰ£ܾ˴ʱף˾Ԯľ
ɳ컯˼Ԥս¡
ָԤ̶ȣֻƿˮɱƿ֮ľͿЩˡ
Ԥ̶СҴܶõ컯Ҳ⡣
ܲڳ˯ʥֻ߹͢붯
һֱһĴ½Ĵڡ
ΰ䣬һϵ컯˼
ʱ򣬾ķּܷҲ˵ǣ
ܾжЧʻǼߵġ
£ʼ¡λ˻׼׸ڵ׼
һ֮һѪʹسֱ
ʼ¡Ǵ׼裬Ŀ֮ڴźϢ
Ѫ⣬ٶȼ죬Ϣʱ䣬ͳսϿա
һӦԳų֮ʱһƣӰˮ棡
ּκ˲Υ
һޱȵŭ𣬶쳹ŭǹ糱ĳɫ
һŴſֲܵĳɫ£Ŵըôʹѣͣ
һϢߡ
ɫ˺󣬶˵Զ޷Уֻߣ
ûãؾͽӵѵķּ
ʼ¡Ъ˹ŭͲˡ
պˮȫ˴һʮֻ⣡


2634 Ըǧصķ
ҶõڶȨŸųüһʮȫûϢѾǲҾ緢ʮ֮ˡ
ʱҶѾ£ι͢ǧ򳤡
Ȼޱȵľģ䣬ܵķµµҶ
Ϊȫûһ£Ӱ켫󣬼Զ϶ԺĴ½ƲԶӰ졣
һĴ½Ʒı仯ôݹٵƣҲᷢı仯
˵֮£ѣ
սԴƣ㻹ǹ죬ֻǱҶ濴صĺڣó
ԣͼܵĵԱҶ
ȫûʮĴ½ûһ˿һı仯
˶°ӿֻǱǰѡ
һְǽĴ䣬ޱ䣡
һʮҲȫû
ҬݴӪʮž񣬾ѡ
֮һʮֻ˻˳
ڶȨȨͼųŸųüԼλڵĴռ˾
֮⣬ˣȫ׳ǧˮΧ֮¡
˵ܹӳǵڶȨд׼
׼Ŀǰ׼컯˵ΪȻΪδȫͻƳΪ컯ˣȴӵ컯˵
ǿӵв컯ıż˴ˮˮɱ롣
֮⣬ܴҲһ𾪺ĵϢ
Ǳ컯˳ּȺشģ
Ȼ˵º󣬴ܾ;˹ģѪ̲ܴĴ񣬵µӰ죬ȴǴˡ
Ҷ濴ı
һͷβı
Ҷ˵ˮ壬ֿӵ˴һ
Դܺʹ
ˮɱѾʧ꣬ļ¼ֲɱڵɱ¾УѾĺ͢ʧˡ
ϣΨһпܻˮɱĵطֻˣ
ɵǣܾ붯컯˼ȥ󣬻δͱȺ컯ˣ͵Ϯʽش
ʲôνĳּǳ
෽֤Ϣ͵Ϯشģпкպľ
ĺ͢ĪʧˮɱϿգ͵Ϯش˴
Ҫ˵ݵһУɺϣ
˭˭ɵ
þĻһֱһȻٲߵڳˣ
Ҷһֱĵ飬ڱʵ
ˣ˹Ȼĳˣôһֱֵ֧ԭأ
뷢ҲԶˡ
˵ʵ̶ܶ䵽ķƮҡ֮ԭĸݹû˵ס
ԭѾڵĸݣҪͼıĿܡ
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һˣҶ󱳶ظһ亹
δľƣ㡣
ңӦþͻø㡣
ȫûʧܺʹش£ᵼ´ܶķֱ½
ʱ־ߣǣģӴ˺ҧһ⡣
ص飬Ҷܲˡ
Ҷ汱ݹ飬ȴܲܡ
Ƥ֮ëɸ
ܽǰδеΣҶıҲòȥ
û˼Ҷ֪Ҫôˣ
Ҫӿٶˣ
ڻʱ䣬Ѿˡ
һĴ½ĿǰİʱҶǻûҵ£Ҳ뿪
Ҷףģа飬Σ
ԣӿѰٶˡ
ҪϵĴ½ըҩͰҶûҵµ£Ʋ뿪磬ǽҶڵź
ҵǣҶ߲֮ԪΪɫԪ֮ԭԤҪ²ܳ׻ָΪڣȴֻҪһ¶
ʮŬҶƣжʮ죬ڵܹ⣬׻ָΪ
ңҲֱ˿̣Ҷһá
Уʦ½ͷľͽһֶΣҲĥͽһֶΡ
ʩͽܻһʱ仯֮󣬲Ż֣ᷢڻḶ́ѵӵĴĿҲӵ˳⡣
֣ҲҶŷֵġ
һҶΪ⣬ô㱩¶ҶҲһƴ֮
֮ҶʱӦ
ûٿǣҶ˼ӿѰҲµļƻ
п֪ʮǰصǸŮˡҶܽӴˣֻһˡ󳼼ͳ콪ǧˡ
Ǵӽǧ취ˡ
ڣҶĿǰǧϵǲˡ
ѶȺܴ
ѻ֮ģ͸ˡ
˼ãҶģõİ취ѯ
ǧ̯ʽĵѯʣ
ǣôʣʣýǧظҶ֪Ĵ𰸣һ⡣
ΪһҶԼж׼ֶΣ
ôԸ⽪ǧأ˵ýǧؾͷأҶ˿˼С


2635 ²²£
ڻ͢Ҫࡣ
²壬͢ǰݣÿһҹ֮⣬ʱ䣬ÿ춼ܻؼҡ
Ϊǧ򳤵Ҷ棬Ȩ͸ˡ
˵ǰֵʱҪڣʱ򣬰źֵͺãԶԣʱˡ
Ȼ˵ɣҲ¶ˡ
Ҷǰְ͢ѾʮˣһĪıС
ͬΪ͢ǧ򳤣źպҶ棬ǾԶ
ҶƹܵĹ͢ĳԱǣҶҲǷ֮⣬ûаķϻ
ڴ̶ͷ
ûУ
ĳ¼Ҷնˣ͢в۵ĸ̶ͷ
һжҶ治ǹ͢һԱ
еĹ͢Ҷ汣ž롣
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ʮ׼ҶȻ׼ôӽǧ̽Ϣˡ
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ҶóǧӦڿľ롣
ͳˣҽһҪæ˵꣬Ҷȿһңʾ⽪ǧҵ˼
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ûĽǵ빬͢ڣҿİϷһ۾Ҫ
㲻˵ҲҪ£¼
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ɴ˿ɼҶĳЩƲȷģǧѾһӪ
ͳˣҽ㣬Ҫ£Ҷ֣ޱȣִŵĿҡ
ǧȻһɻУңּܱ߲õĻϽ磬ԷϢ©
ͳ˿ɻǵҶ潫һμǧʱǧظǸƷŵϡ
ǧٴȻȻǵãҪҰæѹóʾɣ
˵ʵҳĶɲ٣֮λȻû˵ȫء
˵ɣҪҰʲô£ܰ쵽ģһæǧؽƻҶ档
ҶȴִֹĽƵ˽ǧصǰͳˣҪһ˵䣬ϣܹʵشҡҶ˵
Ҷ֣أǧҲҶҪʵ飬ǲ򵥣ͷ֮࣬Ҳûپܾơ
˵ֻҪ֪ģһش𡣡
ͳˣʮǰ˴һɫĻŮӣ֪ŮΣ䡭
ûҶ潫˵꣬ǧؾڵվĶҶ棬Уɻ
û𾪣
үģǧصĻȴҶȻˡ
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ڽǧصĸУǸɫĻŮӣүйأ
ԣ
󣬻ûҶףǧؾͷԸʣүҸϵĪ棬Ӧ֪ˣҪʣֱϵҸȷУǻͨҡ
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ǰɣ˵ұȽϺ棬ʱݣ֪ұѹܣҲ֪ǰͳˣͳ˻𣿡ҶЦ
ǧؼᶨҡҡͷţ
һ˵ĺĺǿ󣬵ȴǿΣԼ飡ңҪ֪үǸʣ
˵꣬ǧؾͶĿҶ棬˵ɣΪʲôͻȻ£
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2636 ӪȲ¼ƻ
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2637 ټ
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սǿ˵λʥǵΪΪΪ̫ˣ
λʹҪ䣬ѡΪ൱ʿս׹Ůµ棡
Ĵ峤ͿЦ˲صģȻǵǰ䣬ͱŹԭܬAڽսʱὫΪѹƵǰɣ
û
ܬAӦŮӦʣ£ԹаһϾԺĴ½


2640 Ҳ
鹬䳡ڣ͢ڳָܹܵ£һԴռ۵󷨵ػĻ
󷨼ӳ֮ԭֻʮ﷽ԲУռ䣬չ﷽Բ㹻ıˡ
˫ҲҶ棬ʥܬAУߣȴűĿʼ
ûŮԥǴӦ˶ḽ֮ľʥܬA
ΪֻΪܬA˵һ仰ϾԺĴ½
仰˻ŮĹҲһս
Ҷûκηֱ磬ڻŮּҶֻǻشһ䡪һȫƾŮּ⡣
仰ûŮһ⡣
Ͼĳ̶ֳ϶ԣھʥܬAԼˡ
סһսͶȫ¶ţֻҪһ¶ţ϶ѹƵĵնɱѵã峤Ϳ괫žʥܬA
ףұ˭նɱǸҶΪһֵܱѪޣʥܬA˵
俪ʼ
ųܹһȣҶʥܬAͬʱ̤Уռ䡣
̤УռɲǣʥܬAԼΪϢѹƵ˽ڡ
ǣһ䳡ڣʥܬA͵طһ˵ļ·СɽһɫĹ⻪ɹ㣬˾ʥܬAڡ

һʥ͵Ҷ棬Ǿ޴ƣ·Сɽһ㣬Ҷ浱ͷ¡
һƻ䳡սһڵǻľеĵڣɫ׷׾䣡
¸䳡ޱȵػ磬ʥܬAһһǵ֮Уýǧءɫ䣬õĲѡ
һʥܬAõĸ
Ҫ֪ǿʲô
һǿȺ鱦ķﵽһ̶ֲȵ
ɽ̫壡
Ҫǣ£Ȼֲж˭Ҳ㵱䡣
ڵ䳡ĴСȴʥܬAƷӵ˼¡
ɾ˶ΪһѺʱ򣬾ͼҶ治ܣһ̤Ȼһȭӭ˾ʥܬAǵصһצ

ܹܡµ˰һ
һ壬ƴƴǲɵ
ҲڴʱҶϣȻɽӰӣڻŮУ˿ɽƺվҶ
䣡
СɽһצҶȭͷݺݵײһ𣬵ĿǣҶȭͷû⽬
෴ģʥܬAСɽצӰ͵رľʥܬAͷȻֹɲǣ͵׹ء
ŵŵţһ
Ҷ棬ȴ˿һ
˾ʥܬAҲˡ
꣬ȭƣ
廹壿

Ҷȴŭ߳һȭһٴδɽӰ˾ʥ
ȭ
Ȼлɽͨϣ
һȭһȭÿһȭܺΪѹƵڵľʥܬAˣľʥܬAŭֱѪ
мΣʥڱߵıԵһҪеĿ״̬
ֻӲǿѹ·ŭ
ΪʥܬAףһ״̬ʵȫ汩ⳡ϶ֹ
ǣŽڵΪϵͨ棬ȻǰѹŴûκλֵĻᡣ
Ҫǽľ£ǾʥܬAԼš
һڻȴǿۡ
ǰǶ֪ǿǿ󿿵ֻǺ鱦ɱѣһû뵽սʵҲǿ
µһĻкޡ
Ҫˣô¼Ĳԩˣ
䳡УʥܬAôȴһֱڰᱻѹŴ״̬Ҫķǿ󣬿ˡ
˵һսʵҶȡˡ
ֻߣʥܬAⷽ棬ıȽʵڡ
ΪѹڽڣĽΪѹڽڣط˵ǶãļӳӰ춼á
Ҷأɽͨϵطʩչ֮һ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ҶõѹžʥܬA
ǣνͨ
ܣͨ
طܶõͨ
ԣҶȭɽͨҲ
ңҶĺ壬εѪ壬ɲǰġ
ǿǳֲҶӵ˲ھʥܬA
ֽսѹܬAᣬܬAڶʱԷ
ܬAŭˣҲˡ
˫ƷһţȻΣգֱӲҶֹĹҲҪҶ棬Ҷóеʵ
ɣ
Ҷһߣɽͨ͵ش߶£ܱ߷ԲǧɽУɽӰʵһҶ汳
Ҷ˫ĽʳھʥܬAƴһ֮£ҶĽʳ˫źݺݵĺ˾ʥĸ
ÿһȥɽӰһ·ɽھʥܬAһ
һɲǵĹٲʵʮš
һɲǣʥܬAһһڻɽӰУߵĳ𣬺ݺݵײ䳡ػĻϣײĹĻȻ͵ص䵽˵棬ҵ䳡ɽ졣
⣬ͿָʥһȻŮһڻľ׷Ŀɿڴ
£Ҳû׹һһ磡Ҷ


2641 ͼʲô
£Ҳû׹һһ磡
Ҷ򵥵һ仰ȴڻͷγ˼ǿҵҫУ
ԭһεľʥܬAҶı䣬ֻǾʥܬAΪ֤ǲĳҶһΪ
ֻǵ⣬ڻ鹬ڣԱҪûŮͬ⡣
ǣʱڻʤҶ˽ΪͱҶΪһս
Ҷ潫ⳡֱβ棬ĽǣΪһӮʤ
Щ·һֱͨͨĻԣһϲ¡
ҪǣҶȻԺĴ½ıǩһʱ䣬ѾûǣĽҶ档
Ȼ̸ǴӹҶ棬ǱʶѾҶ浱һģⲿս֮
ԣҶ𣬻ܸˡ
ŮȻ̬ڵһʱ俪ʵıͣͬʱҲԾʥܬAοʡ
λʹΣҪҪɳ͢ҽ
ŮĹУþʥܬAͷĪͼķŭ
ʥܬAĶҶ棬һŭѹֵĵͺ
Ů£ѹûˣң仹ûнһûóأ
£ֵŮˡ
һֱӿʥʥƺ˵Ĳᣬͷʥˡ
ⳡ䣬͵Ϊֹˡ
⣬ᣬʥϯŮ͸Ų䣬Σڸ棬ҲҶ棬ڻģʱĻŮվҶġ
״ʥ¶Ǹ֮ɫŮ鷳ˡҪ¡
ѾܬA󼱣Ŀ⿴峤Ϳ֪ͿҲǸҶ޵Ҫ
ͿһתǰŮ£㷽Ų֪ǻǺĴ½λ𣿡
仰ʱ˻ŮȤٴפ
ǻɵǺĴ½λŮʵ
Ϳһȴûϻش𣬶һҶ棬Ц¹ذش⳼ϣܹŮµ
ԣŮüͷһ壬ҲǵҲеףҪǴӦͿɾĺ˵ˡ
Ϊһɱ彫죬ȥɲá
λǰӣŮмְ֮ĵģܾ
ͿϺ꣬ϵˣæŮ£ʵ֮ǰĻ⣬ɵǸȴܴҪǴ֮ͥ˵»Ӱ쵽λǧ򳤴ˡ
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ŮҲӦ͵ͷͬˡ
ٿ֮ǰŮ󵥶ټͿ
˿Ҷ龪һ˵¶
Ҷ棬ȴһֲĸо
峤Ϳ˭
϶
ҪŮ˵Ҷϱɵ㣬ûɵ㣬Ҳ϶˵ɵ
£Ҫ鷳ˡ
ҶΨһҵģǷŽűʤ֮ʣСˢһŮлɣҲ϶ԸԸҶӮһʱ䡣
ǽˣҶΪ͢ǧ򳤣Ҫֵء
ͬһʱ̣ͿŮȥ˱Ƚ˽ܵ
ڣֻлŮܹܣͿˣʱŮͿͿ峤ǵ׻˭ڿ˵˰ɣ
Ů£⳼Ҫһ¡⳼ʥܬAɵǸв֮ҲΪϤвд˻ɡ
ţɣ֮飡ˣܬAѾ֤𣿽ΣŮʵ
Ů£ⳡȷʵǾʥܬAʵͨϿǸˣ֤Ľ룡
ܬAģʹͨϣɵǸˣսϣȴһּϤĸоͿ˵
ԣһԵĳܹܲˣ˵ͿϣⲻǷϻʵսʱûз֤ݣɻɣû˵ʲô
ܹܣ˵ص㣡ΪǻɵǸˣƻޱȣͨͨ仯ֶҪССġͿ˵
Ϳ峤˵˰죬㻹û˵ǵ׻˭Ůʵ
ɨһۻŮܹܣͿǸ߶ȻǴܱݹҶ棡
ʲô
Ů͵վôܣ
ǸҶӸλôܻһ壬һС𣿡
ӼƻֺĴ½ڴܵĵռһأҲ¹ܴĹˡ
ռܵϡ
ǶԴܵҪͺϣռȫ
Ϊǣ½һҶ棬ڵ˵ֺĴ½սµĻŽӧҲ㱨Ҷ档
ҶɳѲԣϢľնɱһǧľ½ӧ˻㱨ڻ˼𶯡
˿ͿһᣬŮʱˣܹҲɵˡ
Ҷ˭
ôĵǻһС
˼ΣŮᶨҡͷⲻܣԲܣ
ҶݵλðգҲеһһС˵ͼʲô
£ҲɻĵطͿҲǲ⣬˱£ɷʲô»飿
£飿߶ţͻȻ䣬Ůһ


2642 ҶĴ
ŮģͿ۹ĶȻµʲôæеʵ¿ʲô
ȷʵһ£һЩذı
ʧ߲һ£ԻӰ켫شԶŮȻ˵֪á
ǴʱͿһѣʱġ
߲ʧ֮ǵķӦν죬õνǿǵڣûκͷ
ֱûκ˿켣û³ʮλ컯ˣ޴Ӳ
飬̫ˡ
ΪֹŮһڻĸ߲㶼Щ벻ףôģ
׵ϣֲһˡ
νǧѷ
ͿɣǸҶαװģҲͿԽ͵ͨˡ
ӻռҶÿÿܹܣǻ߲пܡ
ôҶϧ磬СΪҲ˽ͣ
Ϊ˵߲
ȻĿǰŮֻģ
ͿϺεȾϾ˻Ů뷨
Ů£ҪŮ»ҪСģҶαװ
⳼飬Ů»ϸϸˣǴڴͬʱһʱɴͿ˵
ʵͿ˵ŮҲϸˣ֮˵Ůʵͬ飬Ϳ峤ɻʲô飿
Ů£ڲ飬ܼ򵥣ϸϸɸпɵĶ԰̽
Ů²ںĴ½𣬿Ҷټռ֤һóĹͨط֤Ͳ鲻ˡ
ͿĽлŮĿͷ֮࣬ЦͿ
Ϳߺ鷿Уµ˳
ôŮεģʵǳµĳµɲǴ֮ӵ֮
£ҷǳ޵˾һֱ
Ǳ£һı֣ƾžޡ
Ϊٶȣս޳ʵսʤǿնɱս
ֱ֣֮ΪһĵһҲΪ
˵µ涸һתŮ£˲ţǾž޵Ĵڣ׶Уâɡ
ΪʲôҪһһһֵأҪ˵ûĿģŵġµޱȵ˵
ⷬûŮľġ
飡
ǱϲһУ
ΪǻĸˣǲκҪ飡ͬʱҲΪǻĸˣǲԩӡ
£ƱزŮܿһпϵľ
ĸԭ򣬻Ҷı֣ĳ̶ֳϽŮѾҶһڴ
ϾڻڣҶâӣʵ̫ˡ
ڵ飬ͰͿ˵ϵĵĻӧæ飬ڲҲϸϸ²顭
ܿģŮͽһ£ϸİš
Ҳڴʱ͢ͳ콪սǰ棬Եǧ򳤵֮ǰıУڸܴҪ죡
ԭ飬͢ͳ콪սԼͿ
ʱҶڷͷ˼ϣ͢ͳ콪սûҶļ٣ʾŮ
һݻ㱨µʱͼˣ£֮ǰıУȥûˡ
ʱȴΪҪģǵݰ¶ҪǱӡ
£ܷߣ£ӦɳϽû߿ܲǣ
ԣŮȴǽĿ⿴һԵĳܹܣŻڡ
£ʵͬ´˵˼ξܾأ
ǲʵȷʵǻļϸ˵
أ
Ͼ»ġܹܵȫվڻŮ߿ǵġ
ŮЩԥµܹ˵Ķ
ͳ죬ûУŮʵ
£Ҳսԥһֵ£ģʥܬAĴڶսȻʤڸܴ⻹пܵġ
Ů˵ͷ˼ص㴫޵ּ⣬ļ׼ˣ޵ʹ߻ڹо죬޴ʹߣٻؼҡ
ʥǡôľóܹʱһƨ
ּ
£飬ûɼ͢źۼĶţκ춯ҲɼʱӦµ
Կһ£Ůͬ˳µĽ顣
ǾͰ˵İ죬ʵľҲǶԵһ̽Ů˵
Ӣܹٴ֮ʡ
ֻǣŮ֪ǣǶҶһ̽
ֺγ֪ҶڸܴΪ֮٣Ҳһʽ̽
Ҷͨٶ֮ķӦͿжϳĿǰĴ¾
ܿģҶʹӹ͢ͳ콪սõ˻Ůּ⣬Цл߽ս֮Ҷ飬ȴϾ֮

ʵѾǻŮҶı
֮ŮҶѾصĻɣҪȻὫҶڻ鹬ڡ
ҶԿ϶˽Ѿʼµˡ
ţ
ĵ΢ĵϢҶɫԪӦ£޶Σ
һɲǣҶ飬ͱüޱȡ
ҶѾ˾


2643 ͷ
鹬ǰԺһľСԺڣԵվ͢СԺڵһ侲ڣ͢ǧ򳤵ϥ
ڵСϣ˻ĸϡޱȵˮʱʡ
ſڵĶڣƯŮʱҶĴ
ò˵Ů̬Ĳġ
ʱҶİȫΪ壬Ҷ˻鹬һ⳼ڻ鹬ܸĴ
Ϊľǲ֮ٺҶģĻǴأ
λδӵģɾͲˡ
ŮǺܾġ
ǣҶܾ
СԺصĹ͢Ϣ䵽ûУǱҶӦˡ
ɫԪǿ֮Ӧ̶ȸǿ˵Ҳӵϸ΢
ȻûУСڣصĵҲΡ
ֻǰˡ
¶֮ʣҶƿŶԸҪչˣԼҪʱ䣬ڣʮ֮£κ˶ôˣ
ǵģ˷ġ
ŮſڵĹͬ͢ʱӦ
ٴλصңҶǲòͬľػĻϥ
ҲʱԺĵ΢һЩ󵨵˾֮ڡ
ҶϥС˳
Ҷ沼µľػĻⶼκİطʱ
һھڣһҶκζǾڵһʱ䷢
ͬʱǵҲСԺ˷ҶСԺڡ
һҶκηʽ뿪СԺǾͻڵһʱ䷢
ӦһеҶ棬ȴ⡣
ַʽⶨųϵĵᱻǿġ
ǣҶ治һĵ鹬ڣһࡣ
ľ
ǻеİã鹬⣬ľԥЩࡣ
Щϵǳķеĸϵ뵽صǧס
ЩĸϵȻϾҶӶͨ
ȻЩҲɵҲһЩĸϵֻҪһ춯ҲϾܷ
ǣҶݣȴڲ֪Щĸϵжߡ
Ƭ̣͢Ӿ뿪ֻһ޵ӶʱҶֻһԪ鰢⶯̫ɵһĻ񣬾ͳҶԭλá
ҶԸȴʩչݣ֪뿪侲ҡ
ʱ͢Ů빬͢ԻȻ֪
ͬһʱ̣鹬ڣʢĹ͢ڽС
͢ǼΪģ˳ԳԺȺȣиݡ
նԵȴʥȼλʹߣֻҪة漴ɡ
ԻŮֻ¶˸棬뿪ˡ
ʱĻŮڽĵȴŽһϢ
ΪڸոգӧʹһԤв̫õϢ
ӧԣһǰݹҶնɱһǧ龫֮ƺͽ׵ķʽҪһĴ½ʱռŲͨĸӦλ
ԭӧӦλݺݵĿҶһѡ
ҶȴһֱûжӦλýӧЩɻ
Ϣӧ˵򵥣ڻŮȴף
ΪϢҶͼı뷨
ѵǸݹҶ棿
ȻƾһϢŮҶ϶ֻܼȴϢ
һ棬ҶϢĴӻ鹬СԺڶݳûϿʼж
ǿʼܵĽϵţ֮ǰӪȲµļƻиֲãҪǰ
ҵǣЩҶͨСϵͿɣҪѶ
һҪѶҶҪ뿪鹬
뿪˻鹬Ҷɲܹٽ鹬
鹬Χ󷨣ſҶݵĲá
£ҶʩչݣҲ޷鹬ڲ
˿̱ڲȴԵ֮
ң鹬ϣʵϣڲȴޱȵи鹬һơ
һֱڷջ߰״ֵ̬͢ô꣬˵ûô
ֵأֻһʽ
ֵڣֻһʽֵء
ͷǱʶֵ̾Ϳԡ
£ǲܵģ
һ㣬ҶѾ˽
ԣֱҶͨ鹬󷽣ֱǱ˷ڣûκ˷
ڻ鹬˷ǱȽϵġ
Ȼ˵˷Ҳʽ˷ϣͷǳܡ
Ҫǣ˷һؿԸҶݵ󷨲ãҶΡ
ҶļƻһѲֵ˷ʱСӵصʽǱȥȻҶͨʵݽȥ
ƻҪʱ䣬ڣҶѾûôʱˡ
ңֹǽ˷ѰҲ¡
ҶҪ뿪֮ǰүӰˣǱҲǻ顣
һˣҶͷͻһ
үӽǽｻʱ̸һЩϵ
Ҷ۲죬ϵӦ֪ͨ˷ڲȡ
ү˷ڣӦġ
ȻˣҲӦ
ռڣҶ潫үӸǸһ㲼á
ԭֻһǽ𡢷ûκϢĺӡ
Сǿ£Ӳغϲһľ١
ľٲķǳСĿ£ľٵɫӽľǳء
֮Ҷ˷໨̳ڣҵһ޴ţʯ
үӵҪҶֻûغӵţʯĻݵУ󷢳Ѷţò˶ãͻ˽غȡߡ
ľٵĺӵţʯ࣬ҶһľУѧ
ǻһΪͩصĻ磬ܳ
Уϸֺö
үӵҪУҶҪ⸽岨ÿ
֮ǰУҶȻүӵҪ£ѧʱѧǳס
ÿһ岨ܳܳʮϢ֪ͨİš
ܿģ𣬲ûκ˵ע⡣
˷ͨſڵҲûпķһۡ
ɽϣ̫ˡ
갵ţҶڵһʱʩչݣֱӶţʯԲݴغӱϵľٵС
Ȼ󣬾Ǿĵȴȴү˵ĽӦ˳֣ȡغӡ
Ҷĺ㣬һֱľٵУȴŽͷ˳֡
һȣһʱֱͷգʱ֣һ͵
ЩɱۣôȵͷҲ̳Ļݽˮǿ죬⻨ˣ
߳Уϸŵˮľ֮ϣûãһֻ̽غӾͱ£С
ͷҪҷֽˮʱ˻ҲǲŹ֣У˽껨ת˷ڣ


2644 
غϲƵľУҶ汻Ů˾˷ڡ
ΪһҶ˿ѹҶκ
ң˷ڲķҶиҪһ㡣
ΪĹ򣬾ĵŮ˾һɨҶľѡ
Ҷֻͨߵ仯ϿжϳŮ˾Ӧý˷Ľڲ
߱ɵͳĻɫʱҶͻȻ͸оŮ˾غӵͻȻĪһСоŮ˾ϵʪ塣
ˡ
Ů˾˿̽ŵˡ
ĪİԪ·ѵˮһŮ˾һɨ֮ҶͶظоŮ˾÷ˣȻûԵı仯ǿغӵȴǷˡ
ӦǾһҪļ飡
붼Ѳ飬˷ڲķûⲿһʽ
Ů˾ͽһ߻ķ䣬ţŮ˾Եķ
Ҷ汾ŴʱͶȥѰҲ£үӽҶҲˣںΣͿүӵӦôˡ
ǾҶ뿪ʱλүӦȻ۲غӡ
ڰ۲죬鿴ҶæһҲҶ±Ů˾ˡ
Ů˾ȥôۣǵڵΪȴʵʵġ
ҲҿСΪŮ˾һͨ̽ҪԵغӵڲⲿҶû
غڲغӲ⣬룬Ů˾Ȼûκջˡ
Ů˾ޱȵغһʱֱ˷½غӿڵϣ˷š
£Ҷֻȶţٿ
һΣŮ˾룬ûãһĶ֮УӦǽ˷ɽڲ
ռֿʼѲ˰
ռ׼ʱ
һ·ϣкϣҲҶõϢ
Ů˾սʣڻеλҲ㲻ΪΪռ
Ļļ˾ȼܵ̥࣬ڴܣ඼ѧԴܵġ
˾ӵ£Ϊռ¼Ǽռ˾ȣռ֮ϼһ˾
˾ӦøȨࡣ
нʵŮռӦ˷Ź̶Ѳְ
һ·룬ԼĪ˷ڶǰ֮󣬲ſʼһһ侲Ѳ顣
ԼĪʱ֮⽪ʾͳһռزС߹ܽȫľҡ
һֻҪ뿪ʱʷһ΢ĵͿ
Ϳźһ侲ڲʱ˶
һŮӴӾתĿ˽ʡ
û˵ֻǾغӷ˾դڣغϣѹһдֵֽƬ
ҶľڣСĸ֪ǡܹЩ֡
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Ե˵ͷʾͻ뿪ˡ
Ҷȴһ侲ڵŮӣүҪӪȵˡ
ֻǴʱҶ滹֪˭
ߵļŮȴǲߵſڣغֽƬ
ֻһֽۣƬͻ˷ɻҡ
ҲŮʲôţֻ˳ʯе·һЩӵţ⻪һغӾԼˣ¶ߵ
غɢĲҶͷһǲϤ
ϤҶﻹ١
Ը
˰죬үðųҵΣŪνĽԸ֣үӿЦá
ĿǰԸʵǰ۷Ϊɱ䣬ͻ컯
үӵ˼ҪǰŮΪͻƵ컯
ǣһԣ۷ߣҪԸɱͻƵ컯ҪԸƺ
ƾ㣬ԶԶ
ңҶĸӦУǰŮӣΪ˵ǵ۷壬ǵûͻơ
۷ΪһԸкã
Ҷе벻ͨүҪʲô
үӽҶѾɣΣҶѾԸ롣
ҶڣֻǰŮӸϽغӣ˳Ȼ˷ѰҲµ䡣
ҶȻڻ鹬һʱȣҪǻŮɻҪ֤ʲôĻǺ¶ڵġ
Ҷʱ䲢ࡣ
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⹫
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ŮģҶ棬˿£ңң
Ϥİ˲Ϣò׻˵


2645 ݱ¶
Ҳ𾪣ҲǱܵľĲܣһ£ͻȻЦ
ôˣȻ˻ܵģܳġ
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ո̤뾲ڣҶξʹغϱߵľжݳڲ
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δ˵꣬Ҷ͵ǰץס˲µļ򣬲µ۾͵صɴ
ң£ңڣŮ壬ض
Ҷ滹˵ѾĿֲΡΡĸҶգҶ磬ġ𣿡
ģңҶ͵ͷ
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Ҷ磬ôģôҵģ
ôܹ壿
УΪ
Щĺ𣿡

£ôص
£㲻Ǳ峤ӻ˱ôᱻ
£үʲôϵ
㱻Щһĺܿ࣡

˵⣬һһûʱش
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ñط꣬˵ܣֱ̫ˡ
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˭˵Ҳ֪飬ҵҲ
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ֵĲɿȴҶ»Գ
һһһЦģĵڵСˡ

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ǣ⼸λĳµܹܣȴʹ֮󣬵һʱ䷵˻鹬ڣڻŮ˽½Ӽӵڡ
ڣŮˮ˿ѿ
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һϢǽӧ֮ǰԵģҶһֱǰͼ
ڶϢйرݹҶһ鱨ݽӧͨ飬һʱڣݹҶƱչأûй¶档
Ϣһһ֤Ҳֻ֤ѣû취ݴ˶϶Ҷ档
ǽļϢȴֱֿ˼¡
Ϣݹͨһͨɽͨõɽܼ֮
ĸϢݹһǿĺɱܼһϽɫĽǵأ
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߲
Ůҧгݵĺ֣ܹɫһ䣬Ҳµһ˿ײϲɫ
£ˣӦҶûз֮ƣ׷߲µȻ


2646 ĺô
ʮط꣬е˼ڴ˿̵õο壬еɻҲڴ˿ˣ
Ҷ֮ǰõ鱨ʮǰз˲µϢ߲ʯڲ´߶߲ʯ֮󽫲´½ˣǱˣǻһ
Բ»عĴûпǣ²ҶģԲ»ع֮ĴӦԤ
ɫŮԣڻڣ̫ټˣԻ˽⣬϶Ԥ
Ҷģ˵»ع飬ĳĿġ
˵ع鵽֮ʱڻȻ󲨡
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2647 ߣ
Ҷڻ𱻷ʱԻŮһ˵ȵļνĵ⡣
Ǵ̼󵼣
̼Ůµܹܵ˵ǵжܵӰ졣
ͬʱҲǿǽ׷ٵصҶӶҶҪӪȲµʵͼ
Ҷϣڷֻ鹬ھҶĻҶ汾Ѿ֮󣬻Ůھķŭ֮ټس飬ǧڡ
صֻһǱݹҶ棬ĻǵǱ磬Ҫʲô
ͼıʲô
᲻Ǵܱһƻ
Ҷǲ̽·ģ
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ʮǰ˿ڣڵл˿ܺ͵ϡ
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Ҷ治ȥүӣȴýǧͻȻһĪԤУҶΪ˻¶
룬ǧΪĳЩԭ򣬲û˵Ʋ⡣
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ԣģܵľ±ԣϿųˡǧ˵
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еġٴҡͷ
ҶȴǼˣΪʲôΪʲôУ
Ϊºؾ


2648 鷿ڵı
Ҷ濴Ų¹ЩɻĿ˲£ϣʲôûС
ҪϸţϾͻ֡˵
˵ҶϸĶŲµԼʮϢʱ䣬ǽϵɼɫѪУһ߲ʹ⻪ͻȻһš
Ҷɫ䣬͵ץס˲µ󣬡ʲô
߲룡
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Ҳ򵥣Ϊ鱦߲ı壬ǿֻ֦Ҫ鱦߲תطҲܶλӦε
Ҷüͷ˲Ϣͽ˵ֻҪ߲ڣ鱦߲ͿʱӦλã
׼ȷ˵ĸҲǻŮʱͨƿص鱦߲飬ҵңӵĺǣҵҡһĸŮԲ֮º͸ԣҲǺ⡣
˵һأڻ統أ߲ܸܲӦ߲룿Ҷʵ
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Сȴϲ״ˣҸӦûǸϿ
ԣҶ֮࣬ͷȴкߣС⺢ӣûѧ˳ּôӣȴѧ˸ʮʮ


2649 
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״ˣûпӦ½ڵ߲Դһ¡
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Ҷ澪ϲͬʱҲڸ̾鷿ڣһ˵
С˵ʷľֽӦ鱦߲鱾ϵһؿľȻǿľҲޱȡ
׵ĵֵɫµԪ⹥
ֻ֮ҪҶʷľֽɫĻŮɫԪ⹥Ҷ棬ҶҲ԰Ȼ
Ȼ߲Ҷ棬ǿɾ͵סˡ
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ΪԴ߲飬߲Ӧ֮£ͿԸӦʷľֽĴԼλá
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Ϣ֮Ҷ滯ܹܣٴδҡ뿪˻Ů鷿Ż鹬ȥ
һ·ϣѲֵĹܹ͢ܣ׷פ
ҶΪ֮ǰ֪ܹܵ͢ɣЩ͢פʺҲѧ˸ʮ㡣
΢΢ͷ;ֱ߹
һ·Ϊ岦͢Ȼûһǰܹ쳣
Լ֮Ҷõĳܹܣҡڵ̤˻鹬
ڴͬʱɽ߷崦Ȼڵɽ廹ҪϸЩһ·ϣһֳ߲ȨȵϸңŴӻ鹬뿪Ҷ档
ڣֻлϣʸֳ߲Ȩȣ
ڣ˴뿪𣿡
ֻصĿʼҪţϸ˹·ϵСԺҲڴʱøޱȡ
ⱲӣʲôȻ˼ѵѡ񡭡
̾ϢУϸʹޱȣϸĿٴת·ϵСԺʱȴֱô˼֡
鹬ſڣֱҶԶһֵصĹ͢Щɻһʱ֮ǰܹܲѾܹôֳȥˣʲôʱģ
͢һڣֵĹ͢ӳüͷҲҲǰ⼸ʱһֱڵֵҲûֻܹܻһ鹬Ͽн󷨣
һڹ͢ɫҲ׷ױúȻ֮ʣҪǡ
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͢ĻֵضӳΪ֮һɡ
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ܹɫҴҵĻֵĶӳæӭȥЦܹôͻˡ
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ôͻˣʲô˼ܹͻפʵ
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ܹܵɫȴǴ䣬ȵȣҸո뿪ʲô˼ʲôʱ䣿ܹܼ侫ϾʶĳֲֿĿܡ
ܹܣԼϢ֮䣬Ŵ뿪ġ

ӦĳܹһžͽǰĹ͢ӳ߷ˣȻܼϸˣ
ܹܷŭͬʱ̵ʱ䣬ϰٵѶ´µ
֮󣬻Ůµһɹ͢ϵѾ֪ǣɫһõѿޱȡ
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Ϣ֮󣬳ܹͻȻ˻ʲô˵Сʱ֮ǰŮµ󣬻һ᣿
ܹܵЪ˹ɲǣŮɫҲǱѿޱȡ
ʲô
һɲǣˮĻŮ빬鷿


2650 ߲ӡ
˻鹬Ҷͬӥ鳤աһʱû
Ȼ˵˳ʱǵĹ͢
ǣǵʵҪΪȻָڵҶʩչݣܡ
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ӪȲµжȫҶϵ˳ڲõĺö֣ûϡ
ҶļƻȻѾӳ鹬Ǿ̵ʱԶ˳ǣȻǰһĶռŲŻ뿪硣
ڣҶȴЩѡ
үӵĹϵҶ֮ǰү֮ĸӹϵӦټүһΡ
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2651 
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ԸϹĻ鹬ܹܣæ鷿ڵĶ
꣬ԭѿµĳܹܣȴǶһɣϲ£ǲеĴңֻǶһʷľֽ޶ʧйҪϣ鱨Ҳһδ
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ֻлŮԼ֪Ƿʷľֽļֵڡ
ǿɫԪʧЧر鱦߲鱾֦
ֻҪԼܹ׵ĵֵɫԪػ
Ȼ󣬵Ǵĳ˵ֱȴӵжɫĻĿǡ
˵ǵǽߣֻҪǲʷľֽͿ׵ĵֵ깥
ǻĳõ֣ôŮɫԪ⣬Ҳʧȥˡ
ʧʷľֽԻԣϵش󣬵Ůԣȴذش
ƫƫ޷˵Ůжܾжܡ
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µȴԵ֣£ݳ֪ˣ˷߲֮⣬κηܹɫΪɫ⡣
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Ůüͷһ壬ͷ͵һԤУһףפ㣬ǣ
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ǰ߲ӡ֮󣬾׼ٴ뿪·
Ҷ棬ǲѾ뿪˳ˡ
Ҷ˵ǡ
Ц˵ò˶ãͿؼˡ
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һ뿪ռ䣬ŴȻǻľζµУ⸡֡
һɲǣؼĳּµĲȻڸոս׵ɫĳӦ
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¾ڽ۷Ϣʼ
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ôԵˣ


2652 㿴
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2655 ˳ǰ
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2657 ǰ֮
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ܵϷŪ컯˷׷ŭһλٶ죬һ׷˲Ҷ󣬴Сɽһ㣬ŲҶ浱ͷ£
ɫ䣬ҶȴǼ䵭һ̫Žȣһֻ̫˶ڽڣٴκ컯ˡ
ٶȼ컯˱ǿһϷƭң
СɽĴƼӭҶ̫ڣ
һɲǣҶ̫ں谭ľմĴ֣ݺݵĺ컯˵֮ϣҽ
ֲޱȵ̫գǹ֬Ȼ컯˵컯˾޴ƻ
Ǿ޴ʹ֮£컯һ㷢һʹĲҽ
һҽУֱý׷컯ͷһʶһһλһֱ׷ȥ
һҶ˻ᡣ
Сèһͻ΢΢һʹҶʧС
Ȼλ컯ǲĿҶŮҪɱģ˳ſռ䲨׷ȥ
Ҷʧ֮䣬е̫ŽٴһӣֻӳһȦ̫𣬻˿ռͨϷ
ǰֱ֮Ӻλ컯˲ǰֻԶֲ̫
ɵǵ컯ȥȴסǵ̫ǻ
컯˵ͱ۴С
ôһ飬׷ҶѾûټ
һĻĻŮͻȻЪ˹ŭȫǷ


2658 ͻ޳
Сèһ񣬾ܴʮ
һʮβͬתմ֮ټԪ鰢̫µԻϢҶұ֤Щ컯˳õ̺ʽҪ׷Ҷ棬ѹܡ
ʮմ֮СèʩչͨѾ˼ޣתʼ߿ռٷС
ǷУѾͻΪɫСèٶҲǿ쵽˼㡣
Ҷ£СèٶѾﵽҶ漫ٶȵࡣ
ɱСҶļٶȣҶ潫뵽羫֮󷢻ӳٶȣǱȵ۷ǿߵٶȻҪ졣
֮СèٶȣѾ˦κһλǿˡ
ҶٴιͬСèϣͬһӹƿױһ־ΥɣòϵЦɽһá
Ҷ´ˣҶ磬ȥ
ƻȣ
ƻȣ¶İ
һп뿪ĵطֻҪ뿪˻磬ǾͳװȫˣǸĸɳٶ컯ˣҲûáҶ˵
Ҷ汳󣬲µȴһ˿뿪磿
ţ뿪硣
ȱ󻷱ҶĲƺ˵ʲôǻߣȴסˣһҶ˫ۣӵˡ
Ҷȴûиܵ쳣һţ㿴ҪѣҲһ¡
ʲô£
߲룬鱦߲׵ĸӦλá
Ȼ˵鱦߲λ⣬һĴڣ¾ǻŮҲ߶ܴ߶ġ
ǣֻҪŮص˳ǣܹ붯߲Ѱλá
ԣǱҪĸҵȡʱ䡣Ҷ˵
ҵһɻ󣬡Ҷ磬ܸʲô
ҶȴǺٺһЦ˹ӣ£Ͼ֪ˡ
һɲǣҶһСС𣬿жˣ
õģ״ˡСĻӦ
СҶڻյɽ޵ĳƺ
ͬͬһʱ䣬˳һɽģͻȻһζ޺
󣬴˷޺ɽ಻
಻޺Уָޣͬˮһɽӿǵصĳ˻˳Ƿ
ʱǵУյ޳·ˮһ޳󷽣ɰƴСͬһһɽޣһͷԳëУɫⲨУϵķʩָ޳
ɽԭӵɫ⣬Ӱ޳ʮǿҶһ߲֮󣬽׵ɫԪ֮󣬿Ӱ޳ǿˡ
£һֱ׼޳ֱ˿Ҷ£ųױ

˳ڣŮոڼ컯˵ı£ػ鹬
ת鹬ʱ򣬻Ůڿ͸Ĺ⻪֮ڣٶȻص˻鹬ڵĽԷ
ŮɲǱޱȵģ˿ǽ
ˣаʮкϵһ컯ˣĿģס
Ȼ˵ŮȻ˽ǻŮԼȴǳһ֪Ľܣ֪ľͲܣǰ˾ʮ֪ġ
ò˶ãģڻݵȦڣͻСΧ
ԣŮʱ˿̣ǺҶ档
ԷǻŮ޵ĵطһصԷŮȡһޱȵĴ󲹾Ѫĵҩ¡
Ƭ̼䣬Ůٻٵ°һֻ֣Ϳʼ䶯ѿʼ
ٶȣò˰ʱ䣬Ů̫ٻٵָܹ
ȻԻָٴԪʧŮ֮ҲҪĹָܻ
ԣŮʱ˿̣ĺ޼Ҷ¡
ٵѿʱסǿѿʹ࣬ȡ鱦߲ϵͶУ붯߲顣
ڣ鱦߲λ⣬ǻŮҲ޷ʱʹ鱦߲顣
ʱŮòԼӢ
ӲǼڲڴ߲룬ҪȻ˿Ҫ׷ٲ¸Ҷ䣬޴֡
ҲڴʱԷ⣬ͻȻʹ˳ܹܵļ
£󳼽˼
šŮŽԷ˵
Ӧĳܹܣһȴǳûּ££µȲã
ͷϵĻŮһŭˣʱ򣬾ֵܹܽĵ£޳˳⣬ͻ޳
ʲôŮʱסˣ


2659 Ϳ
˳ϿգڸƵĻŮԶǵس޳֣
ڵعϡԭʼɭڶԪŨɳ԰ʱʱ޳
ôͨ޳ˡ
ǡسǶٷ޳Ҫ˵˳ܱ߷޳ˡ
ͻŮ֪˳ܱѾûз޳ˡ
һ˳ܱ̳ܣѹûγ޳Ŀܡ
ڣ޳еĳ˻˳ܱߡ
ǵصĸǳ֮ũɽҩֲ԰٣ūͻܵ޳˲ء
޳δ£ʧѾûŮԳܡ
ԣˣŮҲϳ洦¡
ûŮŭǣ֮ǰɳһϵĻҶ棬Ļ˳Ǳ顣
ةڼˡ
£룬֮һڻ˳ܱߣҪϿ޳Ȼ
ûҵŮ
ر£ϰٵȥûҵĽǧЩΡ
Ҳ⡣
һԣÿһ޳ٶһֻҪնɱ޳ò˶þͻɢˣҲ׶Ըû뵽ɳϰٵҲûҵ

ǻŮ첻֪ڼˡ
ôڳǧصɫЩѿúǸӣ£ȥҡ
ôһ䣬ǧؾ;Գ޳󷽡
У£޳ȥʧ̫ˣȫԿ޳ɡµ
һ˼⣬Ůͨ˳µĽ顣
ͰĽ飬˳ڣϵߣԿɳսɱԾ㣡
⣬͢ȫ
С
ŮĿ⿴˸ˡ
ΪŮˣ˳˵ĳܺһλδɢȥ
λ˾ǽ֡Ůλӯӯһݡ
컯˳ֶԸЩͨ񾳵޳͸ڴһЩ˷ѡ
ؼÿЩԸԸ⣬Ͼĳ̶ֳ϶ԣĵݵ顣
λɫһ䣬ͷһǰŮҵΪˣӦս̸𣡡
ߣ޳컯˾ͶشӻŮ
ŮȴǴλִ磬˳ܱؾ䡣
˳ܱߣǵ컯˳֣Ҳ޷ȫ֣зִ硣
ҪȻٻ˻˳ܱأǿɲһָܹġ
˳ܱһ޳˵Ǽͻأ
ټϻŮɳ±ţ·ȫԱ
ڻ˳ȫ֮£ټϹ͢λ컯ȫ֡
⿴ȥǵصİ޳ֻһʱʰĲˡ
Ͼ컯˳֡
컯˳ֶԸЩ޳һȥٶʮֻ޻⽬
˳ܱҲĵǴСӵģһľýٵĲˣҪؽҲҪѼĹ
޳δѩƬ𼱱Ѿɵ˻鹬ڣּ˻Ů
ûŮһͷ
֮ﰡ
Ҫ׷ҶǸµĹؼʱ̣Ȼ⵴¡
ʵڻŮҶУûʲô
ؼǲڻͻƵɫ֮вֱ
û취ʱżŮҲֻдЩ
䣬ͻȻܹʹ峤Ϳ
㱨ڴĻŮͷû̧Ļ֣
ܾ־ĲףֲͿ峤˵޴˿̹·æټ
ԣܹ¶֮ɫ£ó֮ͨʱͿ峤˵¿϶ͻ˵
˵²һܹĿǰץҶ棡˵
ԣŮ͵̧ͷ˵ʲô
˵Ҷƶˣ޳˹죬ҪˣǸҶҪˡܹ˵
˲Ϣ䣬Ůͷػһ磬޳˹죬ɺϣ˵
Ϳ峤
ûԥŮ˾

ƻǰǧ⣬Ҷͣ£СèȥԼص㣬Сӻ
ԣСè˵ͷһٴʧ
ҶȴŲ£ʩչݣǱ˻ƻȡ
ƻȲǱĵطҶӺĴ½Ǹɽȡ
ͺĴ½֮ĿռŲͨ͵ص㶼ʱģǻڲĿռŲƴȴǹ̶ƻڡ
Ҷ浱ոյִʱС˱ǡ
Ϊľ뿪һ졣
ҪӻƻڵĿռŲͨ뿪ҲǼ򵥵顣
ĿռͨƽʱҲһֱڹ״̬£ǳڿģֻҪʱŻῪ
ҶţڷݺͲֻ֮ҪŮɵԻڵһʱ䣬׷տռͨҶûĿܡ
ǣȱǻŮƻȵĿռŲͨƻȵĶռŲͨпĻᡣ
ΪƹռŲͨģɻǻˡ
ֻҪҶҵǸƻƻȿռͨߣͿˡ
ɵǣƻʱҶΪͼĹϵǡþͼƻƻȵͳ죡
ˣһ۷ߣнڣ
ʱҶ¾ͶڻƻڣѰڵӰ
ûãҶ˷֣


2660 㵽˭
ò˵ǱȽܵģҶҵλƻȵͳ콪ڵʱλͳں
ɽ亣ζŮʦԼƵŮūĲֺ
ƻڣи
ҶͲʩչݣֱֱȥһ㣬ҵĴ
ǵ̸䣬Ҷ˽⵽Ѿյ˻ŮĽ׹ر˶ռŲͨ
ʱκ˳ȥҲ
ҲΪȻ׹ر˶ռŲͨƻȵǲſᣬޱȵи
ҶͲ»û;Ʋ˵Ůע⡣
ȻԪ鰢̫ĻûĴˣ˽⣬ע⵽Ҳ޷ơ
Ҷͳһ£ڣһеʮˣʮˡ
ԻƻפΪǧ˵פԣĵǿߣܸˡ
ǣҶ档
Ҷԭõԭص׵Թ飬ջûá
ֶ̫
һԹ֮ǾͳʧԶ޷ָ
ǰЩˣ϶ǲµˡ
ң㲻Թ飬ҶҲЩˣЩûκν䱸¡
Уѹûע⵽صһڷٵɢÿһ˵·
Сж
Ҷһ£Ѿ׼õСͻȻʹҶڳ˺·ʸһӵ浯Щ˵ڡ
СѾ׼õĸָĿƷţ֮չ
ڽǿߣֱֲﶾҺѨλƣʮλǿߣЩֶξͲˡ
ҪõСڲľϵϵһط
ɲǣʱͻ˳ɰǧž綾ţëϸ룬˳ǵѪҺת̵ʱڣִǵԲ
ֻҪκ˸ҷκ춯Сڵһʱͬʱо綾ܱţëϸ룬١
طסЩǿߣΪʲ
ʵʩĹУǳ⡣
еĵ۷ĽڣĪɫһ䣬ͻȻڿն𣬱ܿСӵص͵Ϯ
ʱҳһţЩǿߣȴһɵһԭأҶ˿
ѣҶҲһ֣ɫУһǴԻɢЩʧŮʦŮͳͳ˯˹ȥͱð
Ѿܵ߿գɱڵĽڵĿ⣬Ҷϡ
ǺˣȻҷһأںȵ
ң
ҶһĨʱ¶ݣýɫ䡣
Ҷ棿ǱŮͨҶ棿Ȼ
ǰпࡣ
֮ǰӵŮּ⣬СҶͻϮ
ʱҲû⣬Ͼӻƻﵽ˳ǣٶȣҲðϵʱ䡣
ټôھһ㶼û⣬û뵽Ҷ澹Ȼˡ
һ֣ͽ֮еĵͽסˡ
ⲻѾ𣬻ʲôҲҵġҶЦ
ҶЦݣýڵɫЩѿҪʲô
ܼ򵥣ҪռŲͨ뿪硣
ⲻܣ
̬ȵĺܼҶĻأͳܾˡ
ҶҲգЦ˵Ҫͳ죬һΣ
ʲôףһɻ
ЩµޣŸʮ߸˵ռŲͨҾͲɱǡ
ҶһЩͻϮ֮±СƵĻǣһи˿־֮ɫһ˲ȫʧ
ЩСģȻð˽ڡ
Բɵһ
ҶҪΪѡ
Թ˶ϡ٣Զ˵أǵͽǿߣÿһԻԶǾ޴ʧ
˵һʧŸʮ߸ʮˣڻжǱȽġ
ҪȫˣΣڿɵ𣬸Ҿ
ҪǸҶ潻ףҶ棬θ
ŮµҪҶ棬Ůɱǲܵġ
ȴĺ޳ͷ֮ա
һʱ䣬Ҷʮ˵вҲĬȻ
ҶȴٴһЦŽڵ⽻׻Щԥôأ⽻Σ
Ҷ֮ҪףΪڵǿߣ¾֮ѻ꣬ҲһܹõҶҪĶ
ԣʱĥƤӡ
һҶ仰ɫȴǶһЦҵƾ𣿡
㲻ţҪԣҶǰһӿǿƥơ
Ҷ磬ɣ̫һֱɱ鷳ˡ
µֱӽ󷽵Ľھ۾͹
ʲô
Ȼ˵Ҷڳֱ̫ӽɱ
ֱ
Ц
ֱ̫Цˣ
һɲǣھЦˡ
ΪҶǸŮӣͻȻͱĿ쳣ɫԪ⣡
ɫԪⰡ
֮£ЩŵĲ˲۾
ģȴʵʵڵɫԪ⡣
㡭㵽˭ھˣôӵɫԪ⣡
ڻڣӵɫԪߣҲֻļ
ڽ𾪵Ŀע£Ϲ⻪һ¶ݡ
һɲǣʧ󡭡


2661 ѵĿ
󡭡
ڿµ֮󣬼ǱһľŲµͷ°ݡ
ٶֱӽҶͲ¸ˡ
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ΪҶ滹ǲ£ȷʵǻĿǰĴµ֮ʱ˻Ļģ˭ҲĨ
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ô
˵ˣݵλҲڼͷͰݰ
ҲڲҶȻͬʱոհȥĽڣԼȻҲסˡ
ԣ㲻ǴûôᣬңΪ̫ˣǵڵΪˡ
ɻһ룬ĶŲµĽԼҲסˡ
Ҷȴ֮⡣
´˿ȴĵ˵ĴӦҵĸװɡ
ĸףһ£һɲǣɫش䡣
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µĻشܼ̣ȴ˵˺ܶ༫ؼϢýڵɫ䡣
˼˼Ϣ˲͸¶ľϢٴϸޱȵĴŲ¡
񣡡
ţͻȻͳ̾һٴŲ°ݵڼ
һ񣬵òȻˣʶĸף
ֹʶ꣬ҿǸĸһ𳤴ģģݣĸ׵ø磬岮ֻǡ
˵¶޿ɬ֮⣬ٴγ̾һƺ¡
¼ڲô˵µ˱ݣӯӯһȴýæ֣ݲһ㻹Ǵҡ
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һҶѵ£ʱȡ
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û˵ͷ
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ѵŮҪֽף
Ҫýʮ徫Ӣ˵ˣ
Ǵ壬ǻŮҲڱҲֻţȻгͷǾˡ
ºܴϾ˽ڵ˼
Ҫڲˡ
޷ڿЦŰ˰֣ꡭ꣬һ̾ҲաȻֱӽǶռͨŵ˲С
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˵䣬ֱӴ·ߣҴȥɣºѽǿƵķŽ̸Ҿͺá仰ǶҶ˵ġ
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Ҷʹ˸ϣҶȴһ
Ҷ汾ΪҪҵռͨŲĿҪһۣû뵽·ת֮£ȴɡ
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˵ͷ֮ȴûκҪռŲƴ˼
һֱĲҶ棬΢΢һ䣬£󰡣
µϸһ˿ɫҶ磬ǸҲ뿪߰ɡ
Ҷɫ䣬ΪʲôΪʲô뿪
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˵䣬ȻᣬҶ棬Ҷƽ˶ռŲƴУ˿


2662 ޳ɢ
Ȼǲᣬ»Ȼ߶˶ռŲƴĿҪҶ档
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ҲһɲǣҶ͵شӶռŲƴڿӵסȻޱȵĲ¡
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Ҷ磬߰ɣڻüģҲµģɫ⣬ĸҲ޷׵Ĵҡ
˵䣬ָŽڵڲڲ˵ĶԲԣ
ԣһ㣬εһЦ˵ûҲôء
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ԥ͵ͷ죬ôһվߵģҲԽ⵱ź
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ֻǲ֪ǣҶͲʵѾɹˣǲĪĿԲԸ뿪ĻҶͲ£Ѿ뿪磬ˡ
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2663 ı

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ǣ֪һЩ岻Ϣ֮үȴǸӵż
ϾǵҲҶ汬¶һ£үӼĻ
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СϢУŮȻ˷ӳ죬ŮȻ컯ȥ׷үӼĻԭ
үе֪ϢЩԴҲ˽ⲻࡣ
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үүģԲصʮǰĸ޵ģ
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ү˲Ϣ׹ˣǷޣ񡭡
һɲǣүſڽ࣬˵һ仰
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ʲôԸ뿪ôõĻᣬΪʲôԸ뿪үӼˡ
Ҳ֪˵вѵĿԣүү֪𣿡Ҷ憪һ䣬ʵү֪ܲµĿԡ
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үһֵ´Ҷ棬ͻȻĪʵ˵ڴλȨأ
Ȩ̸ϣλԣأҶ˵
үȻЩ𾪡
ľ񡭡ţܹܻľֻʮңʵͨҪǴһգոһҲǿԵġҶ˵
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ŵİΪž𾪡
û뵽ҶһգȻܴճһ
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ⲻλȨʲô
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ǵʲôҶ漱ˡ
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үӵĻֱҶүôһǰ
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ٴӷүӵķӦУҶԼжϳνĲѵĿԣҶйء
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ҪڻŮԿºɣ
үүǲȻɫԪأҶͻЦ
ʲôү͵վ𣬡Ե棿
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2664 Դ
鹬ڣŮüͷ鹧ĵȴǰһ߲Ķ
һ߲ⲻǱˣǻŮĻ鱦߲顣
ȻҲ߲ȫ壬ֻ߲һƷѡ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣ߲ȻǻһһĴڣ߲ǲ¶ġ
Ϣ߲֮ͻشҵˣλãԼĪ˳ʮ
ȻŮɫϲɫ߲ͻضסԣ
Ӧڻ˳Ƕʮ
£Ůڸϲɫȴֵֵ߲ҵһᣬҸо̫Ծ
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£ŮҲ̲סˣ߲ˣ߲Ϣλõ
λЩģ̫׼ңҵĸӦУԷƺڸƶУƶٶȼ졣
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ڴ˿̵ĻŮԣѣҲҪ
Ϊڸոգ鱨ĳܹܾϱһûŮϢƺ쳣ƺƽʱƵһ㡣
Ȼֻ΢ɣֵ˹ؼʱ̣Ůǲ˿ķɡ
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ڻ壬ɫȫһ
߲ˣ㿴ܲɳλ컯ǰƶ·ΧֻҪһ׼ƶΧЩ컯˾ܹգһܣ߲ǰŮɲԳޡ
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ҺͻƼǲĸ׵֧ߣȱ컯˲棬ҲܵһĴ
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յľүЩȻͱ࣬һ˿Ρ
Ǽ鷿үٴϵСҶ潻
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ôСҶ棬үӵУһ˿֮С
˵ǿԳ汣²µò²֣֮ҪòŮ̫ͥˣϲõġү˵
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Ӱ߲ȨӰģҪ
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ǣӰȨ컯˵Ŀǰԣ컯棬ŮռоԵƣ
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涼ƣ
Ҷüͷ֮Ҷͻ̧ͷүүҪܸıأǻ᲻ı̬ȣ
ʲô˼үһȻô׸ı䣿


2665 ˽
Ϊ˿ٵԭ򣬻ʵǷǳ򵥵ģûдܵô۸Ӻô
ϾеĻˣٲһٶѡ
ࡢ¡ơࡢϡգټϻĽգҲǾ
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ϣյУ¡ϡգλŮҡ
ʮǰŮλľĻ̡
ʵʮǰ˳¡ϡ֮⣬ңǲĸ׽µ֧ߡ
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ƼһãϾǰ֮һĸ׽û̫Ĺϸ𣬻ŮٴѹҲ֮ܽһˡ
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֮⣬ʣࡢգʮǰǴҡ֮УҲΪվ̨
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һةѾλʮ֤꣬
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֮£յĴ㲻ơҪúܶ࣬ɲ⡣
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ŮôȻǲԼĸģչƫϼҵģҲʹһһֱ̧ͷ
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˵ģ˵ʵڶʮǰһһָţսƴɱʱ׺ݡ
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ҽһλ컯˻ڳ˯֮Уؼʱ峤˳Ҳ
⵼ҵĻеĵλҲԽԽ͡
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Ȼ˽⡣
ڣŮֱӸڶӷ˴٣Ǹڼң˺˵ڶӵҳϡ
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2666 θ
鷿ڣ峤뿴ڵһҶͻȻȻ󽥽óһӵģ
гȻ֮ɫȴڴɻ
ֻǸһ仰ˡ
Ϊ仰̫ջˡ
벻ӵһλ컯˼ս
˵ʵΪһλӲ峤ʱ޿̵Ķüӵһλ컯Ĵڡ
һӵһλʱԳ컯սҾͲܶͺôҶһ
ö棬²ȡĲˣ²㸶Ŭһ仰ͿԸı䡣
ԣ˵ĿǰŮȫѲҶ棬ҲǼһ
Ҳףνӵһλ컯˼սʲô˼ͻ컯طĵرֻսĺ鱦żֱӿżɽ
ôȱʲôոҶ淴ʵ
ֻҪܹͻ컯ıֻǿõǿӵ컯սĸֱȱ˵
ЩУ
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Ը㲻㣿
ҶٴﲻݣһԸĸ֣Ǽˡ
мλΪڵ۷ĴڣҲγԹҪͻƵ컯ʧˡ
ʧܵԭܸӣԭҲԭ
һؼ㣬ʵԸ
ĿǰͻƵ컯ҪԸԸԽ࣬ͻƵĻԽࡣ
ֻЩˣ˵ʵǿֻҪһԸܹͻƣЩˣҵļλͲ˵㣬˲ٵԸûͻơ
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㹻ԸԴλҲԳˡ
ޱżʱҶȴǻһ⣬ԸУô峤ܸʲôأ
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ҵļλ۷ͻ컯ʱݳ޵һΣҲֻʮԸѡ
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2667 ǰδеս
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ͨͽ㹻࣬Ǿܹ㹻Ը
֮£ͽһ֤Ķ
ǰѵһͽԴϣֻҪԼûдﵽǸ̶ȣǿԴҲ޷Ϊͽ
෴ģѵһͨ˵Դϣвò˶ã˾ܹΪͨͽ
ԣͽ޷ģͨͽȴ
ҲҪͽԭ
ϾͿ˵ͽԸĶ١
ǣ㣬ūҲһǧ˶ѣõԸǳޡ
ϣõԸ󲿷ֶһ컯ĴڹϷˣҾ⣬㲻
ڻ컯ˣòó˯Դġ
ԸͻƵ컯ĴڶԣҪϵĲԸάסԴģ档
ҲΪʲôԸ֮ԭ
ôҲһ
֮£Ըڻھ͸ӵˣ׵ľʹ峤ĺҲͲˡ
ɻõӡӡ˽ӡӡԼ飬Ҷ澶ֱȥҡ
һ֮ǰ·ҶȥУ͸УҶһĴ峤
ʵԣһĴ峤˵
ҶԣĿǰڻһڵλߣݶҲ٣ԭΪһʵС
ԸʵУԹñˡ
һ岻һһڰ֮Уʵǲġ
һʵڻյУǿŵģһĵλõ棬ȴֻŵҸʵĲҲࡣ
ֵĸԭͷϼҵĳڿѹԼŮеĳƫġ
ԴˣһԹǳ
ԹΣ
һӾô󣬻ŮһλһԹٴҲֻűţﱸţȴüһ졣
ֻһ죬ȥǷǳңԶ
ڣҶȴһᣬ뷨Щ󵨣Щðա
һ峤ĳɹʲǺܴ
һĴ峤Ǻǵġ
ûԼĶ룬һ嶼롣
ǶԣҪ˵İΣ͸̡
ǳɹĿ̫СһʧܣһпܽĿǰ̶
ԣڵ֪Ҷļƻ֮峤ȻĶǺǣûдӦҶ档
ֱҶմ峤Լ飬үӵױš
Ҷ֮Լ飬ʵΪ˵
ʮԸɲǰ׻ġ
öַ֤Լ٣ϸĿүӵױţű̬
ֻҪһ㣬һ壬һļλ컯ˣʱվߣ˵
һΪ
һΪ
Ǿ;峤ĿԴ
Ϣֲ֮Ҷ⣬ҶϢʧӰ١
մ峤ȴԭؾþò
ˣһ׵ƽҶѾĲˡ
ŮĻǳࡢ¡գټһգ֮ǰֻңԼࡢˡ
Ķġ
էһˡ
ʵȻ
Ůյǰ֮бȽǿģߵǰ֮бȽġ
ҪǣŮлŴĻ
ԣյ֧֣
գҶڴԼĿģһȾ
ǾҶشŮµĻˣ
ֻдһ㣬ܲƽȣǲһ㷽еռš
ҲԸվҶߵԭ
ֻ֮׵𵽾Եá
ڣүһĵǡ
شλˣƾе̫ˣѹûҪϷҵļλڳ棿
ԣҶᶨҡҡͷ
ҵļλ컯ˣҪؼʱվ̨ӡҪǹĹޣվڻŮǱߵյ컯ˣ¾ѹˡ
Ҫǣһҵ컯ڴ˿̲սϾͻûŮ¹һҶ˵
үӿҶ񣬴˿̾νʢ֮ʿǰҶ棬ܣܹΪĴ½ķżȻ
Ҫʲôүʵ
үү˰ƻ֮⣬ҪӽϵǱߣһλҲǾʤĹؼҶָ˵
ףү֣صĵͷ
үү;ҵĺϢɡ
˵꣬ҶĻ˲Ϣ⣬Ȼص˾˳ϰ֮ı֮ڡ
ҶһֱȴĲ¾ͼҶ磬ôˣҪΣյĻͲҪðˡ
ԣҶЦˣðգǲܵġ
ðգǾͺáЦˡ
ȷʵðգţ׼ȷ˵һǰδеս˵䣬Ҷ濴˻˳Ƿ˫Уȼս⣡


2668 ʩΪ
鹬ڣ鱦߲ڰŮÿһӣӦһβµλá
Ȼ߲˼ֵĻŮЩˬŮϾϵĹ֮
һ࣬Ůڲͣ߶ż
߲ṩĲµλ̫ģŮȻɳϰٵԼλˡ
ɵڣҶµӰӶûмš
һϡһڶһڱ
Щ컯ǿҲλ컯Ѿ˲ǻŮڼ֣Ը
ֻҪ¸Ҷ滹ڻڣŮͲǲ¡
Ů˿ڿ˼ͨ¸ҶĻΧ켣һ޵ȻҶһնɱ
߲ﷴҶµĻΧ켣ǳҽƻֱҲκι
ף
ڻŮ˼ʱ߲ͻȻһ
ôˣ߲ˣŮʵ
ҸӦǵϢλãͻȻ˺ܶ࣬Ҽȷλˡֵ߲
棿
Ůϲ߲ȴʾҪٴθӦȷһ¡
Ͼ֮ǰθӦǳģʱͻȻú᲻Ǵأ
ڻŮŶڴУ߲ٴοڣλȷʵˣ֪ιʴ֮ǰڱгˣڻ˳ǶϷʮɽС
ʱûиƶٴθƶΪģٸӦһ·ҵǵѶȣӦû󽵵͡
ɽУ
л߲ˣ
Ůϲ߲ˣ鷳Ӧ˵λãһб仯֪ͨҡ
ո˵꣬ŮӰʧˣһ˵ķѶӻ鹬ɢ˷
ڣ߲ɻȴո
֮ǰλһֱ˷룬ȴͻȻˣ⵱УƺйŹְ

ɽУҶѾ׼²ɽ֮ϣңԶ
½ͷпҶϣҶ磬ģսֱǲɵս뿪á
δ˵꣬촽ͱҶϣã֣
ңңѾʼˣѾүүڵ˶ǣ˽ȥ;Բˡ
·źƵգҶᶨֻܵͷ
ʵҶһʼ˵ƻʱ򣬲¾ͷǳķԡ
Ҳ˽Ҷ棬һĳ£;Բ;ϡ
Ȱ˵Ч£ֻܸҶһ׼
ǵڣûȫҶ絽ĵԿλ˵ġ
ˣ
ҶĿͻȻһϡ⼲һ
ĺܿҶվͻȻɡ
ҲԶԽԽ⣬ֿһԺɵҶ棬ͷͻȻĪļᶨ
ߵ˵
˵ɢſֲ컯Ϣ⣬֮ڣͷٵɽϿգһ·һĸҶ档
λ컯ˣܸһ˪ĶҶУŭ
֮ǰҶ̫شλ컯ˡ
̫Ϭޱȣ浽˿̣ǵҲûȫԭ
ԭڻ鹬˵ģֻһŮҵҶ䣬ͲһеĸϹҪѪޡ
һССĵУ컯˶ԣǳ裡
ǱҪϴˢĳ裡
һԽķԶһֻԶٸ
Ϊ̵ʱϹŮǽֻٶȴ߶˼¡
ͣȣ𽱳Ͼʮ˼ٳ£⼱ٳģǻŮӻ鹬ڴػ鹬ʮλ͢
һ뿪ʮλ͢ͳҶµ˷ϢĹϵ¾һص
ɣŮһɡˣ
ڼʱʮɵĴ󣬲ûɱ֮
ΨһþǹأʮǿߵĸӦüΪǿһͻ󷨱ϣ޷Ǻطڵһʱ䱻ʮ͢Ӧ
˵ˣǷֹҶġ
ңһҶ´κһͻ룬Щ͢ڵһʱһ
ô̵ʱڣŮֻܼᵽôˣ͢ҪϹȴҪʱ䡣
Ҷ²ɽۣŮŵһģǷ
׷ˣŮ˿Ұλˣͷƶ
Ȼûκˡ
£Ϊ壬Ȼϸһֱ죬
λˣ˭ͨйļϸŮָŲŭ߳
ʱ˿̣¸Ҷ棬ûκҪ˼
ǰЩˣǻŮţûκ塣
һĸʮǰɱ˲¸ĸҪɱ˲ڣô໰Ҫ֣Ϳ㣡ҶһЦֵһѶ
Ѷ˳ǵķûŮһ£Ů˿ȴûж룬ҶҪʲôֻҪɱ˲¸Ҷ棬һоͰˡ
£컯С
Ůһ컯˳УЩź
λ컯ͬʱ֣˲ϢɱºҶ档
ǣ컯컯˵ϡ
ǳֶԸڵСһѾԽˣôΧҶѹˡ
ãλ˾ܿɷʩΪŮ仰ʵĸ֡ɱۣ


2669 
컯˵Ϣޱɢɽڵ飬ҵĲ
ЩɾСϢѹ֮£ͻ˹ȥ
־ܻüΪ׵ĻϹһɱ⣬ɱޱҶ档
ϹʣƺڸҶᣬʵϣ仰ֻһס
ֻ컯˵ʵֶԸҶһ̨׶ѡ
Ҷδκαʾ˾ͬʱҶ¡
δؼϢ͵һ׹ͬʱؼŷֱҶ¡
컯ˣϹû𣬶һ컯׷ʱȫûκ׵ģؼͱ׹⣬ͬʱҶ¡
ֱӶطڹŮԣɱۣ
˲ǣΪ컯ĿҶ£ȻվԭزԣӲλ컯˵Ĺ
ŮҲ⡣
ȱҲӲλ컯˵ĹοҶڡ
£ұ֤Ҷ¾ػᵱС
ûκ
ҲڴʱĵϢͻȻҶɽ崦˺һͻأĳ֡
һɲǣĵɫļʸĻ֮ƣĴֱܳˡ
ɫļʸոճֵɲǣ˻δ⣬һɲǣ˵ɫȴˡ
ɫʸֵɲǣиգһɲƺһ£
־ƺļ֮¿ʼ
Ů࣬컯˳ͻȻʲô͵شһСģ䣡
䣿
Ůɫ͵һ䣬ĵʸĿⶸرò˼
ҲһɲǣĵɫļʸȻֱ˺Ϲһ컯ǰգɫļ棬ֱӽϹǰطγɵ˺ķ飬ݺݵĹϹһλ컯˵ؿڡ
ҲһɲǣҶͬʱˡ
̫ŽһҶôԸӳֵ̫𣬷·һһϹ
ͬһɲǣµ˫ɲɫԪ⣬Ĺ˹컯ˡ
Сɫ⣡˼
ɫԪٶȣ󷽵ո𣬲µɫԪͺݺݵĺλ컯˵֮ڡ
ʵϣú󷽵ѣ¶λ컯ˣҲ֪ɫԪĿֲοֻɫԪ⡣
ԭ׼ġ
ϾҶ֪ӵɫ⣬һֱڷš
ǣոձ֧̺ſֲϢɫ壬ɫϢֲ紫˵еһ֮硣
ƲأǼ׹ŵջ֮ȴǵŰƻ컯ˣ˿ҲǱ֡
µɫԪ⣬ǡֵľͺ֮ڣ˲ϢԪܴ
һɲǣݵƿͣɫ䣬ֱγһ꣬˲ϢͽϹΪ׵λ컯ɸӡ
ÿһ䣬ܴᡣ
Ҷ̫ͲµɫԪ⣬ȴӾƺ˺
ɲǼ䣬һ͸ըһһ޴˿ڣǵϢٵ˥ȥ
Ϲ𷢳һ춯صĲҽ֮󣬻Ѫˣ̺ź컯֮Ѫ£ÿһΣڴըһӣ˾Ĳѡ
£ǰ컯Ϲһߴһ߷ʹĺ̶һ䣬Ϲһ컯ѾɫϢΧʹ಻
ֱʱеĻŮŷӦ
ϣλˣһϣ
Ů£ұûػˣĻѲ
Ů£㾡Ըˣһλ컯˵ͬʱ
Ϲѵ𣬻ȻõĻŮϹͬ˵컯˷Զ롣
Աʱٶȣ뿪ɽ
ֻǻȥʱµĵ컯֮Ѫ֪ڻ˶˺
䣬һ컯빬͢Ǵˡ
ֱλ컯˲ҽеԶŮ컯ŷӦ׷ԶԶĳ֣⻪ͺҶɽ塣
ɲǼ䣬ҶɽĹĻ飬¶·Ӱ
սסһ˸ߵľ޹ɢſֲϢսɽܱ߲ϵš
ǰͨζŽâľ޹˿̼ע⣬ɢž˵Ϣ
·ɢŽ۷ϢĿ޼˾ʩչҶʹطԼżӳ֡
ٿ޼˾ӳ׷׻۵ٿ޼˾ɢźɽ֮ϡ
ٿ޼˾ʥ壬ɢһȦ⣬סٿ޼˾ͬʱֳַĵϵĻߵսڡ
ҡΪ׵սϢϵţֲ
һĻŮɫһ䣬ӣҶ棬㾹Ȼӽһ磿
ôˣǾˣԣҶЦŮ£ò˶ãͻľӵģ
ʲô˼Ůɫٴһ䣬һɲǣŮŭɱλˣһϣɱǣ
ʱ˿̣شλ컯˵Ҷ棬λѾ˶Ҷ֮ģһޱȣ


2670 ֳ
Уλ컯ͬʱƥط򲨶ƺĪĲ
λ˷ɲǣµʮλĵ񶼲ƵĲ
ǺܿģֲͲֹˡ
Уɫ仮ʵףɽһɫֱӾͱƵЩ˲òСӦ
Ůٴα
ҶսֻеϢȴܹвˣʵǹ졣
컯ʼ컯ˣһ
ܿģ컯˾ʶҶսܹвǵԭ򡪡Ǵ֮ڵٿ޼˾ӳֵá
ʵϣǲͨսսսٽ۷Ŀ޼˾ս
˻ʶһ֮£ȫ֣͵סս䣬һбҶ֮󣬾ȻͻϮ󷽵Ĵ
ɫì·Ĵ
ŮĿ¶ڴ֮ɫֻҪٿ޼˾Ǵ׵ĸɱٿ޼˾սܾͻ½
һ춯صĳƺӴһʯ͵سеʯĸ糵һȻ˽Ľɫì
Ϊ˵ģʯʯ˸ŵɫӲʮǽɫìҲǺˡ
ɫìϴʱڶ޼˾еʥϹ⻪һɫì͹ޡ
״Ůɫһ䣬ҶҲһɡ
һɲǣȵ컯˾ִһѪ߰ߵĽɫììһɱϮǡ
ɱ֮
Ѫìԣ컯˳¼ţеѪìͬѪɫĽɫһ㣬Ҷǰػս顣
䣡
ÿһìʯм׷ɡ
ػսΪȴҶ˲Ըں壬óǿ
ÿһʯм׷֮ػսڵϢͻһء
ì䣬Ӳ컯˳¼ɱ֮ػսȻ˲ơ
ػսȻЩֻõҶԸչֻһսѡ
ɱ֮ѪìĹ£Ȼˡ
Ҷ󼱣Ӷ̫ŽȾ߶ʣΪ̫Ԯ
Ůȴǽ߳һּ䣬һͺҶ棬ƵҶ治ò
ڴһٴʯм׷ɣϢٴ½һصͬʱ˾ͱõ˴
ʱó컯˳¼ߣеɱ֮Ѫìλս顣
һλ컯ȴȫػ׼ػɱߵػ˾
Ѫìɱ֮ûк鱦컯ˣεɱ¾鱦ı
Ȼϲ鱦ǵ͹ԣȴҪ鱦
һ˲䣬Ѫì֮λս׷ܴ
λսһܴǵܵӰ죬˲ϢӰ쵽ս֡
λλ컯˸оѹһᣬʱͿʼȫҶ滹ǲ£о˾޴ѹ
ۿžҪˣҶ飬⣬ȴûκα仯
С׼ɣ
СΣͻȻͳڴĵʥһ࣬жһǽĴ룬һĽɫҺ壬ɢ˶Ĳ
ף
ͻȻ䣬սһиƵľ޹ù
ͬ飬յλսг֣λսĿע£ΪܴƵľ޹ͻȻͷٵĻָ
һ˲Ĩƽù˵ͬʱͬʱޱȵĻƸ֣໨ƣǰδ»ơ
ˣܴսϢһɲǼָٴϢȻһ˵۷壬ֱ׷컯
Ϊ˵ǣٿ޼˾ĵʥϣҲǹ⻪󱬣ǱٻػĻۿɼٶȻָ
䣡
Щŭһ޹һţɫʸȻһΪ˿
ͬʱս飬ʵ֮£һ䣬˲Ϣγ˿ֲļ긲ǡ
λ컯ĴڣʱҲѹƵǱʱʱ۵ļʸ䱬
˲Ϣ䣬淴תŮʧɫ
µ飬ڴʱȴúɻ󣬡ףҶ磬ô£
ʱ˿̣Ҷͷȴǰζӡ
Щսʵˣ˳ֻ˭


2671 Ѫ׼

ԴӵڶȨ˾ȫû֮ڣһֱޱȵĳƣʲô
ǽ죬ļ˾ӸǱ޵ĵطɿļ
һڼ˾ǵĺ棬һΪҪʲôˡ
Ͼֹͬһ㡣
ˮȺӿ
ǵһڳѹôӵļ˾ǣЩʧ
ûκδеļ˾ʱ޴Ĺ㳡УճĹͨӳֹ롣
ֻճĹͨӳֹʱ䣬ɼ˾ԼţڣȴģС
ƽѵһֹ£˿Ҳڹ㳡룬ڱĿ빵ͨӳ֡
еǿӦͻῴһִޱȵֱӳֹϣͶ˹㳡йʥɽڡ
ʥɽϣսĵ񣬴˿˸ǿҵĹԡ
˾õ֮󣬲ϵĸȻĻУϥ£תطϥͨӳ֡
ԽԽʥ֮ϣʥĹԽԽҡ
ȫͶ룬һЩ䴿ļ˾Ȼ۳
ǳĹս鹵ͨӳֵĽ
ǵ֮Ĺս飬ĹĹսͻͨط
Щ֮䴿ߣڴ֮ǰȻһطȫ
䣬սյͨطײᴫ¡
ʱȴһ
սǣڿս֮ʣͻȻͻ˴ļ䴿֮Ĳ䣬ƻָ֮ʣսǡ
Ĺǲһġ
Ĺǽ񵱳񣬹ߴĳ̶ֳ϶ԣūͣϵġ
ĹһƽȽ
ҹ㣬Ͳ䣬ôҲҪԻر
һƽȵĽ
ʱ˿ֵսսǣڼ֮ʣͻȻõ֧֣õ˼㣬ҰԼҲӦĻر
ƽʱǿԴһʱ˿̣ܴµģΨط
мϢ֮ʱ䣬һ¼ͻؾǰأһϲǰصط
һʱ˾ͷ¶Ľɫ
ྲ
ֹһ߳ʱٴΰ
ͬʱЩ˾ҲӦ˹
ʱһʱ̣ҪȻֹ²ἱǹʱйͨӳֹ롣
ҪȻô͵õϲǰصط
һˣЩרļ˾ǣһӵרעҲӵĴ⡣
£ϵм˾ϲǰصطһ޴Ӱ񹭡
һĻΧ۵˾ǣĽѡ
ʵһһٸ˾УʮŸѡ
ڣȴΪţÿ¼ļ˾ȻԾӵһ
˴ܹҪǻ¹˼λս飬ܴ¼ǿĹط
ʯط̫棬Ƿǿ
⼸걻˾ѧ䣬ǲĿֲ
ǵһصܣЩ˾ԽСɱеܡ
Ʋ⣬Ҫǻõ䣬Խһ󾳽ɱУӦúס
ֻҪõطѡ
û뵽̶Ƭ̼䣬ϰټ˾ϲǰصط
ϢȥԺˣֻࡣ
ҾĹ㳡ڣȻԼʮ˾˾ϣȻԶڵͿС
Ȼ˵󲿷ּ˾ռ˾Ǵؼ˾Ǿԣպǰ;
ĬĬļӳУļ˾˻ٵطУѾصĴС
㳡ʥɽλսĹ⻪ϵãһڼ˾ǸأҲӵġ
ֻǰߵĳֹǵġ
Ϊĵλսܴ֮ʣһʱͷˡ
ڣֱܹλսıģֻгֹҶԡ
ڳֹ֪УÿһҶ붯ս֮ʱ˼Σ֮ʱ
ԣԥģֹ´ټʱӳ
ʮ˵ͬʱ£λսɱɱ
ǣڳֹУʥɽλսĹ⻪ϵ˸Ҳ˵սҪȳֹеĻҪң
óֹޱȣ
ͻأģ֮ǰͣ˸Ź⻪ʥɽսĹ⻪ͻȻһȥֱµ
ֹ˲Ϣ䣡
һɲǣֹ͵վҧԼʳָ߳ˣһαԴѪ׼
صɲǣһѪɫ͸ŨŨѪҺʹӳָֹ𣬷ʥ塣
ֹټڣ˵ǰδеġ
һ£ʮ˾ûκԥģ׷ҧԼָ⣡
ͬһɲǣʮαԴѪʹ㳡˷ɺ𣬷ʥɽ
ʮβͬΪͬѪıԴѪڼ̵ʱʥλսĵڡ
һɲǣ⻪ȥʥλսϣƵڵһرɽԣֱ񷣬˲ֱӣ


2672 Ѫ
ɽ
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˳ڣһֱڵȴϢүӡ롢ƿꡢ˵飬ͻȻͱ֣


2673 Ѫ
컯˾Ͷ䣬Ϳ׵ط
ĳ̶ֳϽǿͻƵ컯ǻصϿһ
ͻʱڵأһּصϵ
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2674 
߲ˣ廤ǰΣա
ֵΣʱ̣Իƿ߻Ů壬߲˳֣ɱ֮УͿ̼
ŮһڱԴѪϵ߲߲ƣɲǼ߲ھͳһʹ⣬˲Ϣʧ
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2675 ͵
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ͻȻ䣬Ůͷһһ죡


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Ϣûةھͷ˼Ե鹬ȻʧأҲѾռ죡
鹬֮ʧرѾռԭ򣬾Ǿ󳼡ͳ졢ӽǧҲѾ
ͬʱһͬѾģаڵĶʮλ컯ˣѾ׵ջ鹬˳ǡ
Ϣ֮£ԶɽĻŮѪԡ
˵λ˸ŻˣѪԵĻŮ߳ˣҶżλս׷ɱ
ʮλ͢ҳһţҲԳˡ
ԴˣҶЩΡ
׷ǸɵŮźá
ǣ׷Ҳ׷ˡ
ҡյȼλս֮ս˿ֲһԭҶǰɽʥΪۣս̳
ٿ޼˾Ϊֳȫӳּλս飬ٹעԴԸ֮ǰս
ܹնɱλ컯ˣԶںĴ½ĳֹʮ˾оѪ׼ܽ
Ҫ׷ȥ뿪ս̳Χλսʵʱ˵شЩˣһСģܻᱻǷɱ
컯ˣʼ컯ˣ
ԣɽʵռţҶҲֻλ˴ŻԵĻŮ롣
ҲڴʱҶյүӸոշļѶ
³ӣٺͲ˳ǣ鹬


2677 ˳Ƿ
յүӵļѶʱҶ̵ʱʥٿ޼˾ȻһСè£ֱֻ˳ǡ
СèٶȲν죬һٶľ룬֮£ʮϢ͵ˡ
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˳ǳͷүӡƿꡢ롢ǧؾڸ߿Ρ
ڶʮλ컯ˣĴ£Ż鹬
Ϊڻѣ鹬ŷͬһ壬ס鹬͵ס˻ɽ
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ΪǶԣһεжʵǾˡ
ʦ
µݣһξķ֧֡
ûвµĻ̳ݣǵľΪ̣鷳
¼үү
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һүӣҶ뵽鷳ˡ
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һνӴƣЩңܿӦˣϾ½Ҳλߡ
ڴΰݹ롢ƿ˶һۺٴ֣ص¹ش󣬻볤ԳԴ֤ݣ
ҲӦ֮⣬Ͼ¹شһ
ŲɫûϿɵɫʺ縡֣һ˵ģ˶
ôڶȷ˰ɣϷôִ˵һԣүӿˣһĿġ
ʱȻµô볤ڻ˳ǾǰݣȻǰ֮Ůγ˴ߵ
һΣ²ûЩ˵İţĿ⻺ɨ롢ƿꡢǧصˣүүλˣһ²
볤´ѯ
λˣֻࡢպһֻˣϡ¡ࡢأˣʵ
ԣһֱûпڵҶͷͻȻһɣھ͹ע⣬ȴǱеĻҪǡ
Ҫǲڲ⣬ôҶҪǣλãȻ󽫲
λߣɲǹҸô򵥡
λûĶǶ˵ģҪȻֻẦ˺ѡ
һֹ˵ȴЩϾ˶һ֮ɽǧؿڻش˲⡣
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ֻǻһֱȻ⣬ǻδΪЩĹ͢һ£֮¡
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ӦһȴǻͷЦʵĿҶ档
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飬ʵԶһιܹ͢׸ıģһ㣬ı֮ǰҶԤϡ
Ҷһڣ롢ƿมһ˿ΣȻҲϵһ㡣
·ģһΣȻ˾֮£ǾͻһŹߵڣ
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ǰģȻѹĻŮ
˿̵ĻŮ࣬纣۶ɱ
ҲڴʱٵǿϢͻȻӻɽϵĻڳ
ʱͱɫãˣ


2678 ̬
˳⣬Ůʱֱš
ҲҿةڷӦ죬ѾæŹռ˳ص֮ʱյҪˡ
ϵ˸ոѹĻŮһϣֱӴŴ˳ǣ׼ڵһʱѾˡ
ʱ˳ϿյĲ£Ů͸ӵߡ
ʮǰµĸѹһͷƣı֮£Ŷȡ˴λ
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ԣŮڵһʱ䣬մ˳ƽѣ׼ػ˳ǣͬʱڲϵķټķǰЧ
һ˵Ůռо޴Ƶġ
Ͼͳ壬Ժ£ʵϣڷֲСǵʵǲֵһᣬҾۼҪʱ䡣
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ңࡢԼһһ֧֣ŻϿɵɫʺ̳˵ݣܹܿվȽŸҳ׿ƻ˳ǣҽһշ˳ڵ
Ҫ֪һľӢ붼ڻ˳ڡ
ԣڶʱڶػ˳ǣҪȻܼľӣһվãڶػ˳ǵѶҲɱӡ
ûŮߵģ˫
ӷ棬ΪơࡢվͻȻټϽǧϣϵĻڲߡ
ǣŮǴ˴͢ȥŮߵĵȲ߶һࡣ
ҪĲ컯һ飡
ʱ߹жʮһλ컯ˣŨŮΪҶԭ򣬸ոλ컯ˣĿǰֻжʮλ컯ˣˣսҲ
ۺʵ߲ಢ̫󣬻Ů컯ʵһ㡣
սǿƴʵܾʤġ
ܹսʤģÿսս԰źսָӡ
ҲǻŮŴûϾͷԭ
һԭΪҶ档
Ҷ֮ǰڻеıʵ̫ҫۣʤͷ;˵ָڻŮҲһԸҶԿĽ졣
ϾһĽ죬ȫڻУȻûбҶ飬֮ǰսµҶɱĴܲ˵ҶʵѾˡ
ݺħսıݹʵʵսڰµڣ˽ָΣûŮ쳣
ҶµҲСӣ
ովɽϿգŮʮͼΧҶ棬ȴҶɱĴܣնɱ컯ˣش컯ˡ
սֱڻŮͷӰ
ҶӵоԵ
ԣŮһ
һԭ򣬾ǻ˳ǳǷ
˳ǿǿķģһȫ沿ʮ˵Χ׹䡣
ܵ˳ǵķǰҲ˿ġ
ʱ˳Ȼȫ˲˳ǵķһҲȻ
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ҲǻŮûһԭ
ʧȥ˻˳ǣʵǱޱȡ
ոոϵʱŮΪּɵûзڣŮ빥Ҳܹ
ºҶߣŮҲǲ̫ˡ
Ϊ˿Ȼب˫м䡣
ʮһڻĻˣİٻĵռһưĴ󣬺ب˫֮䡣
߲ʼֳִۣŻȨ߲Ȩȣڸ߿֮УĿⲻͣڲºͻŮ֮ȥȴԽԽʹࡣ
һĻҲЩΡ
ʵǿ
ʮһλ컯ˣİٵ˵ڻǧһۼһܹӵоʤʵ
վڲһòӵѹԵһټŮ
Ҫվ˻ŮһߣȻҶл˳ǳǷҲǱذɡ
һʱ䣬ŻɾʤԵмʱࡢƼռһЩ
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û뵽һλķӦȻ˼ң
⣬ŮȴǼˡ
֮ͻȻϸ߿գֳ߲ȨȵĻ˵ĸ״ˣ㻹ʲôѾˣͼı棬ĸ״ƽնɱѾ
һ˳֮ڣүӡ롢ƿꡢǧصˣŵĿֳ߲Ȩ̵Ļϡ
˿̣̬ȣ׾˳ǵĹ


2679 ʵ
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ĻŮȴǸӵĻϲ֮ǰǾ仰һ̬ȣھȻҪ»ػôϵ̬ȣѾȷˡ
˳ڵơ峤ȴǴ󼱣׷׿˲¡
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2680 ̫̫һ
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˵䣬ҪⶼԸ⣬ôֻ̾վǱߣϧһдۣǸϾɱ


2681 ֤
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ȫʱ򣬻ŮҪˣûͬ⣬ôܣҶһå⡣

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ǣŮȴּ˽ĸ׵ӡ
ʮǰ̫̫Ҳǳֱĳ㣬˷͢Ļᡣ
͢ɹ֮Ȼɱ׽㣬ܹΪŮѡֻһ̫̫ٷŭҲֻϻŮ֮λ
Σʮǰһ
ֻǳԿˣӲĸױŮ
ҲΪˣŮףûѡ
ĸ״ˣ߲֧ȨܲܲҪŮõŬ
Ŀҽһ룬Ѿǹչˡ̫̫ȵ
ò˵̫̫Ǻܾġ
Ȼ˵ǽϵȨȫ˲£ȴһΪ
ʵΪ˱֤¸Ů˫֮ƽ⡣
ֻҶ濴־޴Ŀԣ
Ů֮䣬ɱĸ֮ټԻŮĸԣƽ
ֻǻ룡
ϵĶս֮⣬кܶ֡
вٶֶΣɱս¿ֲˡ
̫̫вŮٲԸҲֻܴӦ̫̫
Ӧ̫̫ٻܻûһ
ӦŮ֮λ¶Ҫˡ
¸Ů㶼ӦԸе̫̫һɣˡ
ûͿ̼Ĵ£ˡ
ȻҪִȥ
£Ѫİɡ̫̫˵
ⷽ棬ûʲôۣҶȴ˲һ¡
󣬲ѪµģͼһȾ
ǾֻҪλϽ֮λٽ߲Ȩȡ鱦߲֧Ȩһ֮󣬲²Ż̫̫Ҫ󣬲Ůͬ˻һ塣
µԣûŮʧ֮ɫһһӵĻûˡ
ǲֱӷûǰԣͿԴܶĸԾûͳһΪڣ²£Ϊ֮ޣѾܶˡ
ϧģȴҶ档
µڷģ̫̫ĵ˵ͷֿ˻Ů
ŮȻף̫̫Ҫˡ
ΣŮʱûѡֻ̫̫ܰҪ󣬷ԡ
ŮԷ꣬ŵĻյˣһ
֮Ĺϵ֮ͨ£̫ˡ
ҪսԼಫģпǵˣǵʱξ
̫̫ԼǽȨ߲Ȩȣݸ˲£ͬʱɢԼӡƽȨĵһ
ţ̫̫ҪڽһΪԴ˫ƽ⡣
Ҳڴʱ峤ͿΣͻȻڻŮ󣬳ŻŮ˼֮󣬻Ůʹ
ĸ״ȻǻϣǳһһĻϣͱնɱ˻һϸ֤
˲Ϣ䣬˳˵Ŀ⣬Ҷ棡


2682 һʱ
ŮԣȻһͬ⣬Ҳһվˡ
Ҷ磬ϸһ˵˵ףһеף㣡ָŮɱȻ
˵ֳ꣬ŸոжεĻϵ̣Ҷ棬ôݹѪսףϣҲգֱӽոյֵ߲ȨȣӸֵ̫̫ļȼ
һӣ̫̫ˣæֽ߲Ȩͻ˲ʲôСӣպá
УʲôϸϸģҪҲһʺͿʡѵҪ㵽ȥ𣿡̫̫Щĺ߳Ů
ŮˣΪһ²£һ²µû뵽ûʼͽˡ
ҲʱڻŮ峤ͿٴζŻŮ˼䣬ŮУʱ͸˷֮ɫ
ĸ״ˣҲܣ߲¹һһ˵飬ұҪܣҪ߲׷أٴε߲ĴնɱԾЧȡŮ˵
У̫̫Щɻ󣬡֪߲˭ģ
ĸ״ˣ㲻ĺŮ£νɫģŮЦ
˵ţŮֲһ䣬ĸ״ˣϣ㲻ĸ׵ģ׵߲ǴҶġ
㣡
һŮԸĸ£²ɵᡣ
УλΪϵ̫̫ȴǲȻɫ䣬棿
£߲Ҷ͵ģ
һΪ֮ɫŮᵽҪĸ׵ˣ£Ѿûκ塣
µı֣̫̫ɫٴһ䣬ȻҶ͵ģ£ǹ㻹һĻϡ
̫̫һµͱþȻޱȡ
µȻᣬȴڸյӣһĵߣ;ԲЭ
ҶȴǼˣԲµӣһɾͲ̫Բȥˣû취ҶֻԳˡ
̫̫ȻᣬûΪʲôҪ߲Ҷͻؿڡ
Ϊʲô̫̫ʶ˳ҶĻߡ
ԭܼ򵥣ΪŮ¡ҶЦ
˻
밡ӵܳΪ֮ʵԭأ˲±Ѫ֮⣬Ϊ½׵ɫԪ⡣
ɴ˻˻Ͽɵɫʺ磬ӶΪ˻Ĵͳ̳ˣҲ˽ľ档
ǲûн׵ɫ⣬ôʱʮа˾ѾǸŮŮĶ֡Ҷ˵
ѪˣҲɱԼֶŮģŮΪԼæֱ
ҶĿһݣͻȻתͷָŻŮ᣿㿴㽪Ǽ뵱ӣƷ
ʮǰɱ˲µĸĸҲ׽㣬οɱֶŮ
㡭㡭
Ҷ仰ϲ޿ɱ粵ĻŮŭ֮£ΪҸ̨£װ˹ȥֱһ¼ľѡ
ǣҶĻ˸Уʱ˿̿ŮĿ⣬Ȼһ㲻һ
ơţȴҶʮֵĹ񫣬ʮֵˬ
̫̫˵˵ĶԲԣŮҶŶе̫̫˵
У̫̫üͷţ˼ãջǳ̾һ
ʣô㶼һʺͿʣô㶼㲻
߲һ£Խҹߵ߲Ҫ̫̫˾
ĸף
ոתĻŮˣ¶ܽҹˣİܵһͿˡ
ô˵ŮǲҪ߲ඣ˵Ҫɱңҽ߲ٵһɶҶŻŮЦ
㣡ŮᣬȻҶ˵Զԡ
Ů峤ͿЩεҡҡͷãǻŮ̫ˣȫҶĶ֡
ͻȻ䣬ͿУͿҶһĿţɱӯĿ
ҶȻ˾ºһҪڻڣŴλµϺͿ
ðɣ㽻߲¾һʹ̫̫̾һվ
û⣡
Ҷһ֣óʮĿ߲ݸ˲£ŵⶫҽĻϱܣûκɣ
Ů˵ʲôȴ̫̫һ˻ȥûزѾˡ
ҶԣڲԼϣʲô
ʮ˿ţôʮĿţĿĻŮͻȻָҶ߳
̣ȽϺóԣһʱҶ˼ţô
һ仰ٴνŮܱҭֱۡ
ֱȻóԡ


2683 
ⳡûͿ̼䣬ڻϵȫϡ֮£ƽ
Ϊƽ˫̫̫֮λ˲£ڻʮһλ컯ˡİٵָ˫
ַ䣬Щ컯ԸΪԭĻϷģ컯˾м̫̫˼
˾һ߸ˣ컯ˣֻˣŮǱ߷ˡ
ɴ˿ɼ̫̫ĻǱȽƫڻŮġ
Ҷ滹ǲ£Դ˶ν
Ŀǰ״̬£ŮǱ߶һ컯Ӱ첻ƽ⡣
˵ѾһλԶԿͨ컯˵ɫԪߣʮĿ߲
ֻҪԸ⣬ʱԶԿͨ컯˵ĵ۷ڡ
ңֻҪ߲൱סһĴҪһ
ƣҲ̫̫ΪʲôὫһλ컯˷ֵŮǱߡ
̫̫ˣҲΪʵŵһʱ䣬߲飬ݵĴУƺ֧߲Ȩƽ˲¡
֮ǰĻŮһֻӵһĿȨһ֧Ȩ
ԣ£߲Ǵүָܹʹġ
Ȩƽ֮󣬲¸Ů֮γһƽ⡣
£˫˭Ҳκβ˭
Ѫǰ˾Ŀǰ£Ҳֻܺƽദ
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¿ʼӰ֮λʼûãҶϢ뿪˻ֱӴӵصǱ˻ݡ
ʹߣסڻ֮ڡ
ʥ֮⣬Ҷǿնɱ峤ͿһӵľʥܬA
Ҷʵ
һҶˡ
һλļƻб䣬һԭһµļƻͱͿƻˡ
ԣ峤ͿѾҶ˱ɱĿꡣ
ǣڣҶ˰죬ֻҵʥȴûҵͿʥܬA
֮࣬Ҷֱʥ
ʥҶͻȻ֣ȴһҲ⣬һľ̾
ҶԪ˧ΪնɱͿʥܬA
Ҷɽһսı֣˭ҲỳҶնɱͿܬA
ʥһڽҶ⣬Ҷ֮࣬˲ϢͷӦ˹
ͿһĴ峤ϺеϺꡣ
ѾԤϵҶΪ
ҶԪ˧ˣͿ峤ʥܬAѾ˴ʱˡʥ˵
Ϻ꣡ҶЩΣϺϺꡣ
Ҷǰ»ŮŽ֮Ͼ͹пܽɱͿ
ڣȴˣûκοˡ
ʥΪʲôûߣҶ濴ʥʵ
ûΪ޽ףҪǣҾҶԪ˧Ӧòɱңʥ˵
ޣʥôţҶüëһɱй
Ǻǣ룬ҶԪ˧壬ҲҪѣ˵սϿܻǵˣ˽ѹϵʥЦ
սǵˣ
ʥĻҶɫ͵һ䣬ʥʲô˼ѵҪ
ԣʥ˵ͷΪͿҸҶԪ˧һ仰
ʲô
ټ
Ҷ͵վ𣬡ҲҪֺĴ½ˣ
ҶԪ˧˵ʵܱǸⲢܾ飬۵ľʥ̾Ϣ
ʲôʱ򣿡
ˣﱸѾ׶ˡʥ˵
Ҷ˼˼ϢͻȻͿʥޱȣ壬Ͳ´ܵı𣿡

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ȫûϢô֪ˣҶüͷ˲Ϣ
ȷʵܿ죬İûûãͿʼ׼ˡ
˭ǵģ壬ǿ鱨Ѽɣ
֪ϱ֪ͨģʥҡҡͷ̹Ȼ
ҶͷһֲõԤС
εĴ֡
ƺһֻεĴƶһôٵľԽԽΣԽԽѡ
𣿡
磬ʸֵˣû
Ҳ֪ʥɺ̹Ȼ˵пܻսеѡҿɲһ𡣡
ǲҪںĴ½òˡ
ǲܾģʥ˵
ţ
Ҷͷ֮࣬ȻһݣֵͷʥͿҲһһ仰
뽲һ
ͿͿҪǸһҺĴ½ұһ壬ӾҶɱȻ˵
ʥ˵ͷһвƲʲôã
ҶԵĵ˵ͷʹ뿪
ڽĶ̶̼ʱڣһ˵ǷƼڲȨ仯伤ҡ
ȣǻľȨȨϡ
˫Ȼûκγͻ˽µȴǼ伤ңֶ
硢ջ߷ƣ峤в£ȵֶõȫˡ
Щɵ
˵ʵЩµƹܻЩ̵ġ
Ǵ²
ֻҪǳµԼˣǨ죬СҲǨ
µ·ģСҲǽһ£󹦲пǨ
ΪӰ˾ġ
»н߳ɣվ˽ǧص¡
͢ǹ鵽˻Ů¡
ˣŮߵĹԱҲ˽ƵƵŵֹλòơ˶Ĳѡ
ڽ̫̫ʵȨƽĵڶ죬¾ʵҶļƻˣȫ˻
ûŮʧɫ
ȫ֮󣬼ǽ˴¶˳ȥ
һ²ϵĻϣʵϻŮضΣ˻һĹͬͳߡ
ƴ£Ůֻȥĸ״ˡ
ǣԴˣ̫̫Ҳûκΰ취ֻȥҲ£Ե²ƻһŽᡣ
µĻشҲܼ򵥣ڱơ˲ܻŮȺѡ
̫̫ԴˣҲԶԡ
Ѳսˡ
̫̫һӵĴΪص˼ֳˡ
ʮǰ̫̫ԴΪأԻΪأõŮ˲µĸĸ
̫̫ǴΪءԻΪص˼룬ȴûŮһڵƿ
ֱȴ޿κΣ
֮󣬻ھγһµĸ֡
Ի֮𣬻õơպһֻӵӵƿ˻һ
ŮΪ֮ƿصֻһ롣
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˫տƵĵ̣һģͻ鵽һ¡
һЩҪԴУ˫ȴչ
ѪԣᶼûսΣ֮еȴǲ١
Ƽһɽ˫͸˴ս󣬻ƼҴȫʤ
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ĻŮ۴Уȴ޿κΡ
ңҶʵսսԸڣŮǴԿϵҪԴ㣬£˲ߡ
ߣҲ̶̼ʱڣüٶȣơΪܳһڻ鹬СãѾʼת
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Ҫ˫˽µĶˡ
սܷǾֲĶȴӰ쵽˫ʵ
үӡƿꡢ롢ǧЩϽҶȴһҲġ
Ҷ㽫鰲ŵĲ࣬תĴ½
ٳɼȫûӰӲ˵һ˵ᵼ
ܵҲۣڱҶֵܣˣսѣҶȴǱ뾡Ļȥִ֡
׼Ѿ׶ˣĴ½佫
ҶҪĻȥ
г֣
֮ǰҶ볤֮䣬˼϶
һλɽս֮ʱȴԶںĴ½ĳֹڵһʱᶨ̬֧Ҷ棬춨սֵʤ
Ǹ飬ó¡
񣬻飬㰲ٵĲˣҶҲʹ뿪ˡ
ҶҪ뿪Ǳ߻˵үߣҶȴҪС
ҶûһүӲݽĹУȥүӡ
үүѾˣĴ½佫ұûתˣߣͽˡҶ˵
ţߣͷİɣ㰲ĵĻȥ棬ڣܲ³ԲκολûԽԽȡү˵
үү仰Ҿͷˣҡ
ȵȣҶ˵꣬үӾʹҶĻҼҶûɣ
û⣬үү
ţҶ֪磬Ϊ˾Ȳ£Ϊ˻磬Ҳþ˼ֶΣЩ£ġ
㲻ģչѾǻǵԣǱߣôţ
үӣʵҶԸԵ飡


2684 Ϊ
үүҡ
үӵĵѯʣҶ飬ѹһ취
Ȼ˵Ҷ֮װףǳʱ˳ɻʽһദУȻž룬ദٲһЩܽӴ
Ҷûзʲôܾ˵ȥҶҲȥ
ҪȢǡ
ҶΪѣүҲ̾һҸȻ֪ˣһ࣬װףҲ֪Ѵǡ
ԣҶֻܿЦԶԡ
ˣ
үͻȻ̾һ£ͲΪˣ߰ɣǱߣҸȥ
ҶϿЦҲӵΣҲڴʱŶ룬үүȥʲôأ
£⡭үӿŲ£Щԥ֪ҪҪ¸߲¡
үүҪˣõ£ҶѾˡЦ
֪˰үЩ⡣
š
µ˵ͷүүΪҶô£ɡ
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үү㿴ȥãԸԸ⣬ҪԸ⣬ҾڻڸԸ⡭͵ذһҶ棬Ǿֻܱˡ
Ҷʱ˿̣˿ЦǿЦ
ҲãүӴȻ˲µ˼Ͼͬˡ
뷨
Ҷй˴˵СŮҵ䣬Ӣ۵ʱ򣬶Ҷ˿ѾĿе޵Ӣۣ
˵ݣŮޱȵԸ⡣
ãԣҶˡ
үӺͲ֮Ĵ½ֵս½ҶּС
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òҪ֮ʱŲ½Ϊµұۡ
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Ҷͷʹ飬ڲµİ½ˡ
Ҷ֪ģɻǲµĿԡ
֪µʲôԣһҪڻڣԸҶ뿪
ٱ֮ʣҶٴʱ򣬲µȻһ˿ɡ
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󣬻˳ڣһˣͱҶ档
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ݣֱѾ˻ڵһӳֻҪΪܹͻƵպǰ;Ȼ
Ҳγ˶ӳҪΪǧ򳤣ÿԸı֡
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˵ͷҶصı˱¸񣬾ȥǰԺ
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ǧ󾪣ô㣿
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ˣ
׾ͺã˵ˣôôտĻ磬ǻһ巢չ𣿡
Ҳǣǧٴε˵ͷ
ǣڣ
ڣ


2685 ֢֮
Ĵ½ػʹůڣͻȻʹһҵĿ
߿ȵļΪ࣬һŮڼźҲΪңһС˼㣬·ҷһ
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ԣʼ¡ٲʣٲ룬Ҳֻޱȱĵȴһ콵١
Ҳ⼸죬Ѿʼ¡Ȼʼ̫ӵѡˡ
ʱ䲻ˣ뾡̫ӡ
ǰźʼ¡㳯ͻȻһ̻Ϣ֮㳯ٴλתʼ¡Ĳ֮ǰЩŹ֡
飬ʲôһʼ¡˵ɣ޶ˣʲôܳأ
£ʦū´һ仰ñоǷ㳯˵
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£ʦԵܹ´ϣ
ʲôʼ͵


2686 ֮
ɮ棬μҴܻʵ۱¡
Դʼ¡ڶůڽӼʦġ
ʦԳƣɲ˭õġ
˵ģԺļµ糡ľˣûʸԳʦġ
ֵ˼״˺妣ҲûʸԳʦġ
ʦڲһƣѧʾŹʶܻá
Ϊأоѧʶ
컯˻ߵ۷Ĵڣ߾ηʦȴ𾴡
ʦ塣
ҲΪʲôʼ¡һʦƺԭ
ңů֮еĺʲʼ¡Ҳ֡
ʦߵܹ𾴡
֮ıͻȻ鶯һ£ᵽ˶ůڻδɢѪζѾʱѪһ𣿡
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ȴʼ¡ش𣬶ǼΪ󵨵ļԹԵĽٻǱСѣվͿȬ滰ǾǱʱ޶ˣ
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˵ʦ̾һҲΪһо⻹ûн޷Բõ洫Ļᡣ
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ʼ¡һȻһˣ˵ţʼ¡и˾޴ϲ⣬ޣô˵оˣ
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ֻؼ䣬ܹ컯Ĵڣмأοұ·æʼ¡һźΡ
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⣬һʵ֮У޷˵ʦɡʼ¡Ͽҵ
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ջһͣ˵
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˵Ƽ򵥣ȴʼ¡ɽֵģֻٴεʦ˵׵㡣
λǵ
Уʦ˵ջۣ۵ĵʲô
ʼ¡ʵ˵ϣٴһЦ²룬ʥ桢̫桢棬ԼλǾ֮ǰܶпܹ֮ϽĹǲǶдȵ󣬳壬ǲǾࣿ
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ˣʥ桢̫桢ԼԪͻǧ֮޵Ĵôһ۹̣
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ԣʼ¡۾͵ˣʦ˼ˣʦ˼ǣҪƽ޵ǧޣҪҴܾ͵ÿ壿


2687 ҩ
ʦ˼ˣʦ˼ǣҪƽ޵ǧޣҪҴܾ͵ÿ壿ʼ¡񶸵رޱȵ
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ʦӹȥһССƨȻҡͷҲѧоȷʵǽְ֮ҲѧоۣȴǶҲԣ
ƿڵ˵ʼ¡Щˣʱʼ¡ǫ֮ıΪ˵ʦɡ
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£ʼ¡ˣǸոȼϣһչǵЩǸġ
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£ֿĹ˼ӳ֣ˮũһҲҪһ̡
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ͬģ⿪֮ǴƵĵ࣬ȻǼӳֵܹ֮ϡ
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ͱĿǰ״Ѿûʱ֮ı仯֮Ӱ쵽µԪˡ
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ȻˣҵĵһҩٿΪʮ֮ϣΪӮü䱦Ĵǧ޵ʱ䡣
Ǳµ֪ҩ϶辶巽ЩףҲ˵
ţ֪Ҳ⡣ʼ¡صĵ˵ͷ
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ֻ˵һ룬ʼ¡͵شסҲ͵ؽסþ֮ӶЩ͹ˡ
ʦҩءˡˡ
ͨͨķôɴȻʶ귨ɵ飬Ʊµǧޣ
˵ǺһЦٴκʲһ񣬡ط޷ˣȻˣҾ͸ˣأ˵꣬תߡ
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ʼ¡γѣ˻죬ͬˮ̳һ
ʦʦĪߣʦɷϸһʼ¡е
ĲһתȻˣҾز죬֮ҾͻתʥأоǱ¾
˵꣬ʼ¡˵ʲôʦͻᶨ뿪ֻʼ¡ڶůһһһΡ


2688 
ʮǰһδ֮ŻˣԻڳͨϣǼϵġ
ڲռŲƵһ㣬Ҳļϡ
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Ҷ濴ӧɲǣȻ֮࣬ʱ
ʱûκ֪ͨӧ⽪ӧô
ŽӧֻжʮʱҶͷְˡ
Ҫս飬ҶͿӦԡ
ȻˣҶۻ纣ȴϢ͸˷
һ߲ҶɫԪ׵ɫԪ⣬ͬʱҲҶԪǡ
ԪС֮ǰߣǵһ״С
Ҫ֪ڵĴڣԪСҲһҶѡ
ҶȻӧĶʮҶȴ塣
Ҫʲô󷨲ãܱ߿϶쳣
ҶΪʲô͸˷ԭ
Щ⣬Ҷۻ۲£˷ûκ쳣
ô㣿
ʱȷϳǴıݹҶ֮󣬻ӧҲ֡
㡭ôģ
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ĸ״ǰҶΣΪܣȴû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼǻ硣
Ҷȴ⣬һ뵽ҶĿĿģӧģ̲ס
ӧųɾӧĶʮһ¾ͰΧʱŲƴΧһҶ档
ƾǣ
ҶһЦһ̤εĵ͵ҶΪģ˷ȥ
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ҶֻɽͨԵõĻѧöѡ
ǰҶڵɽͨܣǰ
Ҳڻ鹬ڣҶʥܬA֣ܹھʥܬAǿ棬׻ܵԭ
ͬʱҲǻĵͬУսǿԭ
ͬΪ£ͬԪΪ£ӵɫԪ飬ӳͨطɫԪҪǿ١
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òҪħһҪȻʱҵһŹ㣡
УҶϢʧ
ֻ»ӧﾪ㵷
Ҷô֪ҪĿģѰŮģ
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ֱ
ð죬ûлع
£ҶôţҾôˣ
ţ
һ£ӦĻӧ͵ؾʲôͻȻʹһսиһ˿ģ

СèٶǼģڷ˰߲֮󣬽ɫ⣬Ԫ飬󳤣ͨٶȸǳɱ
Ҷ沢ûȥϹŲǧ·̣ȫСèʱ֮󣬾ʹҶͻת˱ǣϢĳڱϿա
ȻʱУһʱСèصҶʱռڻָĹԪġ
Ҷ治ϲģԭصݹ֮ϵ졣
ǵִﱱϿյɲǣҶɫͱˡ
أ
ʱıڣأ


2689 
˧ǰҹͻս־⵽ɱڼ½⵽ͻϮ
·ͻȻأΪصǡڻ㱨Ĺ죬ͻȻһ£͵͵һҶɫ
Ҷͷ͵һѵʲôõĴ·
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˧ΪصǣѲӾӪָʹƜWΧ˵£ĺסˡ
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ҶסˣƜWָʹƜWˣ
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һԵеʵӣеף·ҲߵƽȣҶķرĿξҲ类Ҷļ֮һ
ʱҶ滹ǸëͷСӣδ±Ҳù
ͨƜWҶǽƿ˱ҶǵãʱƜWмֲʵġ
ȻмֲʣƜWǽľҶĲ
ҶʵƜWЩʣҲûˣһһΪҶ¡
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Ҷһʱ֮ʱƜWڴ󷽣ļ±ѵ±˿Ѳ
ĲǶôɫȴһֱڿҿңδҶⷽĹǽҶĺ֮ǡ
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νͿͣһڿҿʮƜWˡ
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ҲҶ漫ۡ
⣬Ǳȫءԭ
ҪǣһǱҵĵˣȻȫħ塣
£ǵѲ̶ȣħѹûл뱱ǵġ
ħҪ˴ģĻ뱱ǣֻһܡӦ
һˣҶɫӵѿ
ߣˣ
ţӰϢĴӰг֣ˣѾ鵽һЩټӦ뱱ڵĺйأĿǰ׷ȷϣ
̣ħ年ˣҶǣɱ硣
ҲڴʱͻȻյһ⼱һ֮£ɫ䣬˧ƽ˾Ǽ


2690 ߱ĵ
˧ħڶʮһоܹܽʾͻϮƽ˾ǣͻȻһħ幥ǣսУһͻȻ˴սƽ˾Σ˸漱顭
㻹δ˵꣬Ҷֱӽ˹ȥһɫͱѿ
ԭƽ˾ǱߣҶ㹻Ӧ۵ͨۻԡ鶼Ǳߡ
ʦηɰŽٽ򣬾Կнۡ
½¶һħҲƽ˾Ǹ漱
ؼͻȻɱһٵ˾Եƽ˾ƱΣޱȡ
˧ƽ˾ʮ𼱣һҲӲã½飬÷ָʹžѲ֧Ԯƽ˾֮ʱ䣬ҷϵһסƽ˾Ǿƣ˵
Ҷ˰֣֧Ԯ鲻ȻȴǼˡ
˧ƽ˾֮£ʮ𼱰
Ҷһ۹죬˧ⲻǻ𣿴ȫϡ
ԣȻԼҴ˧˲Ϣı£֪ġ
ԼҴ˧ڣƽ˾ǵ֧ԮȻˡ
˧¾²̫Ѱͻؿڵ

˧Ǳǻħ壬ƽ˾⵽۵ͻϮ¾ģ¿ȥһһģǱСĽ䱸Էٴ롣˵
ˣĿǰĵУǰҹĴսУѲƺټ
ֻһţƺûг֣²²⣬£᲻ڱıţ˵
壿ҶЦ
㻹˵бɡ
Ҷ뿪ǰʱʥٱҶɱֻԪӳ졣
ԣĺܴ
ȥǡسǡۿͷӪ䱸ȼߵսϲԱСƻ
İµѲ˾ȫɳȥѲ̽÷Źκ˿켣
˵Ҷ濴ŷİ㣬һЩսǿѲ񽫣汾˧ǰƽ˾ǣҲǸһĻᡣҶ˵
л˧
ţȫħ뱱һ£漰һҵ̶ӣҲȥ
סȲ飬ҪݾߡҶԸ
˷ġţӦһϢӰ֮С
ܹţΪ̵ģʵǱվŴܹǵ̶ӡ
ЩҶķطչٶȺܿ죬ּ䰲ȫߺˮ岻ٹűĵ̶ӣڱóױü䷢еĴССĹ̶ӣ̶Ӵ׬ȡ
Щ׬ǮĹ壬Ҷ˫ֻӭֻҪʱ˰ûκ⡣
ǣȻй̶ħ年ᣬڱ˽ǧˣָʹʹƜWˣͲҶ̵ġ
˽ֹΪѾҶĵߡ
ڹָʹƜWʿҶ涼һ
£Ҷһ鵽ס
ΪʲôǰϾͷ˴սһûл㱨ԭҲܼ򵥡
Ϊ㲢֪ҶѾת˺ġ
ҶԼһ¶ϵһΣ㱨Ĵ½ڻûʱ䡣
һӺҶʹųĲ־ˡ
֮ǰӻռתǧľ룬ʱӱǸƽ˾Ǽľ룬Сèԣ͸Сһ
ʩչ֮ͨ£һ֮Ҷͳƽ˾Ǹ
Ҷ沢û׼ȹ۲սƣȻٽʵʵĿӽһѡ
ʱ˿̣ƽ˾ǵս·⼤ҡ
Ҷ濴Ȼвħƽ˾ǵĳͷƽ˾ǵؾչѪս
Ҷ뿪֮ǰͽħսūһƽ˾ǡ
ħսūУշԴڽ۵ħţʱ˿̣ЩΪսūħħսūƽ˾ǳͷ빥ħѪս
ҲΪˣƽ˾ǵ̫ҪȻһħŹϳͷֱǣסʱͨʿͻ÷ǳ
ΣէһħԼڹԼһ
ЩħԼˣһȲģǱսļ˾ǣɲǳصġ
ӥһ˫۽ЩħսūǴ˿ͬħκһħҪǳֹٻˮľٶͻڵһʱԥĴ߶ơ
һ죬ЩħսūūȦͻᱬֱӽǵԴƬ˵ǵҲֱӱޣпᡣ
ֵս֮ʱû˻κԥ
˭ʱǶԼ˲̡
ƽ˾ǳͷϵƻڿԽܵķΧ֮ڣǳͷϿյĵսҶɫѿޱȡ
ħڶʮһоܹܽųʮħΧ
עĿģȴЩޱǿˡ
˿̣ʦηɰŽٽȻȫ߶ÿһɲǣһĽն
һħĵһ˸Ӳӡ
ħڶʮһоܹܽ۵Сһɼǣʱܲ˿ڡ
һǱʦηɰ׵Žٽˡ
Էħ嶼ʦηɰ׵Žٽ֮شЩһ˸Ӳʦηɰ׵Ľ⡣
˭ҲӲʦηɰ׵Žٽ
Ƥּ׺ķ侪˵ħ嶼һشһûˣ˵ʦηɰȫ߶µŽٽ˭˭
£ʦηɰ׵Ľ֮һħ׷ױá
ҲΪʦηɰ׵ŽٽļɵͿ־壬ٸԳһټ󲻶ϵ
ͨۻԡ顢ܳڵһɵʮѲ񽫵ѪսԽΪΪ׵ʮħһȫûйƽ˾ǡ
ǣȴԽԽ⡣
ʦηɰ׵Žٽȫ߶֮£ȷʵ۶Ӳӡ
ǣʦηɰ׵Žٽÿһǽ⣬ĲľžŰʮһŽٽڵΪʦηɰΪġ
ʦηɰһ֮ϰٽƽ˾ǵĵһδαˣͣĴ߶ǣǼģŰʮһŽٽ̵ĸҲ֧Ų̫á
ǣЩһǳľʶʦηɰ׵Žٽ֮֮Žٽ󲻿֮Ҳ㣡
ηɰ׻ܴ򼸿Ŷ
㹥Ҷˣ赲סһһĵ
һֱǿҶȣܳã
ƫƫЩƻ֮һ뱣һηɰ׹ȴֲŽٽǿΧ
ȫ֮£þ룬ʦηɰ׵ŽٽɱޱǿҲ޷شǡ
һĬ֮£Ƶʦηɰֻܲϴ߶Žٽ
ʦηɰĽľ֮ʱƽ˾ǳ֮ʱ
ܲӦʦηɰ׵ͨۻȻܴҲǴģƣ
Ȼֲ̫õʱˡ
Ͼ߱ѷĵܼôû·磬Ȼ漣ˡ
ӣǽۻǰ챱ڵĴɱƺЩĿŵҵĴڡ
ѵǴĳȷҲڣŸĿŵΧƽ˾ǣڱڸɱ
ƽ˾ǳͷޱȵս£Ҷ۾Ҳ˸ޱΣյĹ⻪
Ȼ۸ʦ㣬Ҳ͵øһޱ̵ĽѵţҶ˲Ϣƽ˾ǲԶԶǧ
Ҷİ£һλλһ֧֧ӣҶǧ֮ųȻڷİѲ񽫵£Ϣ۰ܱߵħϢΧƽ˾ǣ


2691 ˧
ħڶʮһоܹܽҲڼָսηɰ׵ĿУǺ⡣
ħ츳ֱӳƽ˾Ƴǣռƽ˾ǡ
û뵽ηɰŮһչֵǿʵȻ
ǽȫ߶һ㣬Ͱһնɱ
ڣСĵʹ
ȫɱƽ˾֮󲻷⵶ջֻҪϽһ룡
۵ľ·ڿҹǵħеħһϲޱȡ
ħԴܵĽУսȻ˱仯
֮ǰĽɱռͳΡ
ѾʼǡƳ֮ĽҲ޶һ̶֮ڣǰֻҪƳǱħΪơ
ʱһ˷ޱȣЩҲþϲ
Ϊȳеģʱмֵģջ񣬶ǹǵġ
ʿǣһԵͳҲ
ӰѾСĵ㣬Ů˵Ĺˣƽ˾ǣΪʥӱ𣡡
Уͷݿһָսһţηɰ׵Ŀ⣬ǲ⡣
˵ŮҶŮˣɱܹʥӳһڶˣһո˿Ц
ɱ
ָսݿЦˣɱǱ
ڽ̸˲ϢͷӦˣҲǣɱǱˡ
ݣ
ƿش˷
һ֧ɫʸƿնֱӴڹЦУֱӽԴɷĩ˵ǺɫʸɢĪ¶Ԫ顣
Ԫڹ⻪սֵɫʸĪԪûе𣬵Ҳܵش
ͬһɲǣƿյļХͻա
ͬɫʸһһԴͳݿԴҲ֮±
ۣ
һһħԴͻȻϢĳ𣬾ǻѪɸߵͬʱһħԴϢĸ

Сģܵˣħ˲Ϣ;εԪ鲨Ǽѹһɨ˷
һεԪ鲨ѹУİеΣЩǱĳ֡
׼ɱһ˾ʱԶݣİǿɱˣȴǱ¶һħİΧ֮¡
òԶĽһһϲСĵ㣬ɱܹԸ빦
ħɣնɱߣһʵСʮ﷽ԲķأΪħе塣
ܵƻһ벻УʱԶݣħĵǣɱûлᡣ
ڣһȴǵи˳һɵôϲ
ǣİȴûһ˿һĻţ
ǵĻХīɫ⡢ɫɷֲĻ⣬һɲǴ˷
Сè磬ÿһδܹһħˡ
С̹˸Уÿһαһħĵ䡣
ΧͻϮĻ⣬ȴ޻Ϊ׵ĶʮλĵͻϮΧʮشնɱѲͻϮ
һ˲䣬ħһĵǾͱûޱȣʮˣĵǵͳݿȻͷ
ֻңһϢʱ䣬۵ŭ
ңʮһѣǵʵǵ屶Ҫңɱǣ
ͬʱھͷĻҹֻԪӳͳݿҲŭļ͵ϮѣҪңȫ֣ɱǣΪʥӱ𣡡
ݿͬʱȶսƣ
ǵûأһӴħΣʹһžħڶʮһоܹܽۡ
ħϢǿ󣬵ڶѡ
һʼûһ⣬һڵսūҲͻϮ
һɲǣ۾ͺˣ֪ˣ
һţȻ֮ƣһ̤£ͽ뷴ɱĽۣڵһֱ档
ӦԾĹؼʱ̣˫۵סһš
һɲǣ˫֮ۼֱӱ飬Ϊ۹֮ϣĹ֮
һ죬۱˾һʯһֱӱһź˵棬ħͬʱͬɽһȻ졣
һ֮еҶĿΪ֮˿塣
ʩչеҶ棬һĻЩ⡣
ħʼħҶѪӽڵõȻʱˡ
ʱʱռ֮ҶֻħʼħľѪںһɲ
ںһɲҶȣԴ츳ͨһһȥס
ĵ۷ĴڣҲҶһ߷ɣɼ
Ҷ滹Щ⡣
ҪǵõħʼħڵľѪ̫ںϣҪںϵٶһ㣬Ҷƣһȥ۾㲻ɢҲõ١
һĻֱӽڷŭŵݿˡ
˿ƽ˾սϿգΨн۵ΪߣսǿȴһŸˡ
˵жֲ
ʧȥ¡
һˣݿͷһͷѵҶˣ
ݿĿɲǣͻȻ
µûȷʵһˣ
һֻԪƾճݿ࣬ݿԪ鷴Ӧ͹ֱӱֻԪָˡ
ңңݿԪ飬ļ˻
ҶΣʱĴг֣Ц㣿˭㣿˭ܾ㣿
ǸɱǱӵʥӣڣ
ЦУҶԪֽݿԪ߬֨֨죬߬ݿҽУ˶Ҷ滹еãҶͽɱˡ
ͬһɲǣҶһ̤ɫɢ
شͨһɲǱҶ߶˼¡
ӵɫ֮ҶĵشͨҲǳɱӡ
˲Ϣ䣬ƽ˾ǵս
ǱҶصչ˵еĵսʱӰ졣
Щ֮ǰ˵ħĵһŵ¾ǹһɽһȻóޱȣƶٶ˲Ϣͱƽʱ
ʦ㣬ڣԾնɱˣЩӣûһܹٶȱܿĽ⣡
սЩƣηɰףżͻأֵҶ棬ͻȻЦˡ
ЦſɲǣŽٽٴһתɫŽٽɷʱһڵǿߣ˾Ĳҽ
ش֮£ѾʦηɰŽٽĻӣ
һɲǣҽȻֹ
ʦηɰ룬ԪҲŽٽɷ
Žٽ󽣹ٶʱ·ƽ˾ڣͻȻ˾춯صĻ
Ǵ˧
˧ˣ
˧ˣɱɱħ


2692 ùĽ
򺣾Ǳͨʿ䣬Ҷ棬һֽäĿĳݡ
˿ҶͻȻ֣ʱͽΧƽ˾ǵʿˡ
һ͸˼ѪһͻȻͱÿʿ񣬾Ȼոչ³ͷûжõħɱˡ
෴ģ⹥ǵħˡ
ԼҵĴܹܱʯͷһ˵棬ħʿĴǷǳصġ
ûǷӦڴսĵУħһĵͿʼˡ
ȷģʦηɰס
֮ǰʦηɰΪסƽ˾ǣΪħĴƽ˾ڣֻܴŽٽĹƽ˾ġ
ƽ˾Ϊģκһƽ˾ڵĵɱˡ
˵ʱʦηɰ׵ŽٽȻսˣȴǱֽŵľһѹûзӳӦս
ڣҶĵĿʼʦηɰ׵Žٽ󣬾Ǳ⿪ֽŵľһŽٽηɰ׵ǰǰ
ÿһȥһ䡣
ΪһģԪ鱻һɱΪģ٣ֻԪӳ졣
οҶĵشϣЩٶ轵˼ʱһʦηɰ׵Ļһ
Žٽ˸УЩħĵǣ׵Ļˡ
ⲻսɱ
ѹһ浹ɱ
ǣչɱģȴʦηɰһˡ
ҶͲöϡĸҡΪ׵ͨս顣
ԭ˾ͼͨ񣬼鷢
ʱħҶĵش£ֱȰӻӡ
ޱȡ
һһһ㣬ÿһοе䣬ˡ
ռ
俪ǣһĹ򣬾гʮ䣬һĻֱӽһɵǸŻˡ
ǵ־˵ʿҲһɲǱˡ
ս׷׾ֵ˷
ǣҶĵشƽʩչı£һͿԶݰ֮⡣
ڣһȴһޱȡ
⼫Ҫʱ̡
ʦηɰ׵Žٽ󣬻λ䣬ոһոЩ
ңİСèĿСҶĻĵǣɲǳصġ
ĵֻΧ©֮㣬İСèСзİʮǿѲ񽫣ʱҲڳոЩ
Ѳ񽫵ÿһοռϢеֻߵش
Сè򵥴ֱ˼¡
ٶȷӵ£ֲֻһĹȥЩĵѪɣࡣ
УħĵĿڼټ٣սҫۡ
ˣҶ滹Щ⡣
Ϊڻɽһսһսսʵǿ
ȻⲢս顣
ɽ֮սʱҶȲµļ̳ٿ޼˾ӳ֣ҶǵĴԸԼĳֹٶ˾ļӳ֡
ǵʵǰֲ
ս½Ҷȴûʱ䲼¼̳ٿ޼˾ҲûжãûдԸŵǱޡ
ЩսָķʽΪ⣬Щ˾̷Ҷٿ޼˾ճӳ֣ԼҶʱʱĴԸ
ǵʵָ˵ڣķӳܡ
ҲԵڵΪȻֱܹӺɱڵͬ׶֣شǺɱڵĶ֡
ҲʵָҪҶܹǵʵָ۷壬¾컯˼ǣҲˡ
ÿһɲǣħɱ
ƽ˾ǵϣ۷ŭһϵ𣬵ȴԽԽ
Ҷ˿̾ŰһʰŽۡ
ÿغǸ޿ϷҶͻһ¡
һţ۵ʮΣÿһζ޿ɵ
ÿһζʯͷһߵĸ
ԭ۵һҳǸĴӣ˿ѾҶӲ˼ʮ׵ȡ
޿ӵײ˾˵ĸ¡
ʱĽۣҲǱޱȣ۹Ǿ飬ϵĹͷȻ֮һ
ʱǿΪǿ֧š
ѪǣôŬ岻޿ӡ
ÿһΣһŶ޿ɵ
ÿһţܹƼء
ýƵֱѪ
˹Źֵһţ
ħ忴ȥΪһ㣬һŵƣȴޱȡ
޿ɵֵ
Ҫ֪Ըǵ۷Ϊ
һĻеҶֱ֡
Ҫǽ֪ҶҽţںħʼħѪԭ򣬲űǿ󣬲֪᲻Ѫ
ԭҶ׼ԳֶԸ۵ġ
ħǱ뱱ǸƻôҶһҪѪѪ
ͨıҶѹϡ
Ψնɱħڶʮһоܹۣܽķ
ԣΪȷնɱۣҶ׼ȫֵġ
˭룬ںħʼħѪҽޱȲ˵ǡɽһź˵档
ȻǸطһŽһŵģס˽ۣý۵ԽԽء
ҶԳ֣ܹʰۡ
Ҳǹİ
ҪҶҲôǱ
ϾҶڵҲҽܾˣǵ˲վ߰
ƫƫ۾ʹɡ
Ҳڴʱ۵ǣڷӦ˹
ħĹǴʼȫ˵ʱ򣬽۵һƽ˾ǳǽǸӡ
ҪӪȳǵĴܹܣ
ȥҲˣ
Ҷһȣһּ䣬ѾȺĿ޼˾ʹͼӪȽ۵
Ҷٿ޼˾ôΪѾȫͻƵ۷塣
ȱʵս͸£ôˣȴһͻƵ
ҶʱǷųǲμʵսΪĥǣǻᡣ
ǵܹͻƵ־Ͳһˡ
еĵǵȫܣֱӵĺõƽ˾ǵļʮħҲױˡ
ǵһһҽűɱΣħ¸ŵˡ
նвһɱأ
Ӿһ֣
˭Ӿɵӣ
˵ܶˣǲӵűɱ
һʱ䣬ǵħͬˮһ㿪ʼӣһȿֺٶȣ꿤ǵķ
Ŀǰĳ꿤ħռ֮¡
ǣûЩħӳãһֵķ֣ǵǰͻȻͳ򺣾ģʮƵ򺣾Դ
֣͵ȴʱ򺣾һ£Ļһйħ
󷽣͵õҶĺڣѾ̵ʱڽƽ˾ǵĴ¼ɣһʹħɱ˹ȥ


2693 ټɷ
ԭ۴ʮħ幥ǴеǿߵĴ֮ܳ£̶֮ҶͰ˻سǵıؾ֮򺣾ͻϮȻ˲ء
ƽ˾ǵؾѸټᣬҶʮ򺣾ǰлһθħشﵽһǳֲĳ̶ȡ
ʮ򺣾֮ǧΪƵλĴ׷ɱħ
ִеģҶ֮ǰľ
ħľڲ˼£ܷ²ľܡ
ս£ħķ²򺣾ڲжĽ
ܵħ壬ҶȻȫ߻ļ˾ѵѱΪħսū
ħսūȴǶơ
Ҷǰʶһ㣬ȴ
Ĵ½֣Ǵȫû֮ҶѾȷϵģ̫Ȼ׼Ĵ½
壬д˼ǲ١
ʱ򣬾ûĴ½ĸ壬϶١
ս֮£˵Ҷı϶޷ҶǾµĴҲսԱ
Ǻʵġ
ǣҶµ򺣾񲹳ٶܸսأ
ôսпĴԵսħսūȥʵġ
ǽƽ˾ǹսУϳǵħ壬ȫħսūȥԸɻ˾ЧҲǼõġ
ҪǣļҶһ
ԣҶģҪӴħսūĲ׽
ĿǰħսūԶԶҪ㹻ħսūӦδսܵҪԼ
ԣҶƽ˾ǣҲһǿһ
ӳսѪ죬սѪϯΪսɱγɵѪɱɷԹ
ҶԼ汼ƽ˾ǳͷ·ħڶʮһоܹܽ㣬ûء
Ҷڴʮĵطͣˡ
ʮ﷽Բռ䣬һεĿռϣЩһгԮ۵嵽֮󣬱εĿռֻεıҶɳĿ޼˾նɱ
н۾еĵЩĵ֮࣬ҲǲһеȽۡ
ΪħľɣǾսն
οħʮоܹ֮һλߡ
ˣЩŵġ
ҲΪ֮λһʼҶͲ塣
ԪΣ
һռϵģǱˣ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ
ߵ޷ûκλģȴǼΪ˵á
һּǿĿռرһʹʱȻͻҲµؿռϣҷǳСĵֱӽ岼ΧҪӳ졣
ֶ֮ȫµĿռʮӵʮأر޷ˡԪ˵
һξȻǿıģı壬û˰ɣҶе
û£۶õֻرޣңʮؿռϵ˲ҵı塣Ԫ˵
Ǿͺá
ʮԪ챦ıһֱҶһĲ°Ԫ޷ȫӲ˵ñʱСġ
ҪȻ޷ָ˺ǿɾ鷳ˡ
һҶһԪµؿռϣס۵Ŀռ֮С
ʱĽۣѾû֮ǰ
ͷǿ֧ţ̱ڵˡ
ˣ˿ҲһϢԶˡ
˭Ҷ̺ħʼħѪĴſϰٴΣҲһϢġ
ҲǵùҪȲ޶ǸҶǱˡ
Ĵڣһƴܹ޽ӽ컯˵ˡ
ܹܣΥˣ
Ҷھ޿ӵϷһϢĽ۴˸к
ۿҶ棬޴͵һ͵Ҷ棬ʲôʱģΪʲôôɣ
۵ĻҶͷһʣǵõҲڵϢƽ˾ǵģ
¾Ǳ뱱ȡƻұеͬʱ̽ҵڲڣҲǣ
ȡеδɣȻȷĿǰڣԾʹȻƽ˾ǣҲǣ
Ҷƶϣýɫһ䣬͵طӦ˹ңǸң
ӦǸǸ֣ڱڣ֪һжҵͼԽƾͼƣڱڲҽմܣۺʵ
ԣҶЦģҵĸԣڱǸƻĿǧʿٲ޶ԣ
У˵Ǹָ˭ЩҶʵ
ۿһҶ棬ȴش𣬡ҲǣսһֱΪϧӦĲڱǣô˵ңոմɻתã
Ҳ˵ãΪҸոմӻҶ
һ͵ֱӣʲôմӻڣң
쵰̫ˣȻӵҽͷˣǺ޵ҧгݡ
ȻҶѾ²⣬Ǻ˭
˭ǽӧ۷ŭ
ӧȻҶ΢΢һ
ҲһɲǣرֲƥϢһȭϬƥķɱͺҶ档
һȭУһƽɫɷڽ۵Ĵ߶£һǻӰҶ档
ɷƥҶ׼˿ͷһּ侪ΣոС
һɷǽѾãŭȫ֣ǼйҶһˣ˿ɵ
ҶվԭأһɷɵĻΣԼ
ЦڽǸ֣֮ʣȴּʧ
ҶΣͻȻһοռ䣬ıã׼һٺɱҶɷȻƾʧˡ
۵Ȼޱȡ
Ҷȴ΢΢һ
ռУؿռһɷ£ͬһ׷ױ˺ķ顣
ת˲ʮɺķɢǣؿռȴ˿û˿
һĻҶ֮࣬Ҳʧ
طݣһرһǿһرһ
Ԫ鰢˵ǰطʵʮʱУġ
ƿǰطʱȻһرһѣ̫ѡ
ѵģȴطݡ
ڰغ͵ھطǿˣҶ治֪
صķǿȣҶȴȻᵽˡ
Ԫ鰢˵ؿռҪƿҪ컯ĥ
ҶԴӽжʧȥǵ컯ͯսռ֮󣬳֮ǰĥʯãƽʱҲûš
ʱҶͷųʯ컯ָͯȻðͨ컯ͯؿռݴ
ðͨͣĲû컯ͯؿռݣͯ컯˵ˮĥ֮£ƿؿռݡ
Ҷ֪ؿռƿʲô
ϧǣĵؿռݣҶеĻҪؾˡ
컯ͯһʱ䣬ʯûƿؿռݲ˵ƿݵٶȣҲԽԽ
컯ͯؿռԽԽǿͯ컯˵ȫ֮£ƿķҲԽԽ١
ǰƽۣҶ֪һֱɷĴУý۵ķλֱƣռ½۱ɱһС
ܷƿؿռͬʱҲɽ޻ᣬޱȵɷ
˵ʵɷǿһ֮ƿؿռݵĳ̶ȣȵ컯ͯһµĿ๦
ϧĿǰ̫ϡ٣Ҫ㹻࣬ҶԿɷ俪ؿռݡ
Сȥ
һֻͷŷɫǶɽޣ͵سһţͽѾĵĲࡢ޷ջصһɷ̻ڡ
С¶ʹ飬ɷɷСҶ淢ϲĽ
ҶʱһϲСԿɷ
Ҷϲʱһ߲ɽֱӽ׵ɫԪ⡢Ԫǣûа׷ѡ
˵ʵɷҶѾá
ǣɷɱƣԵѰ˾Ƿڽϵطûﵽһ̶ȣҲ޷շġ
ǿշض˵
ǣɽȴһӵнϵ̫ޣھŸɷ
Ҷȡɷû뵽ɹˣ
һɽ޳ɹҶκι˼ɣ˫оⱬ䣬鱦׹޷ɳ׹ŸոձһȥĽۺȥҶҲ
Сɱۣ
ΪǷɲ˷ˣ


2694 ɽ޷
׹Ž۱ͷȥɲǣȽ۷Ӧ׼ȷһСʹ߶ʮ÷Ԫ룬ӵص̽һ˽۵ڡ
۴󺧡
һƤͻȻͱСʮ÷Ԫ߶˼£·ͷһڽꡣ
䣬겻ȥ
ͬһɲǣԺһСɳһڽɫıԴѪС֮ϣٴδ߶ıš
ħϣ֪ħʦµıռرÿһܹʱֱر
ֱر컯ǰҲ
ǽ죬֮ǰȻ߶ⱣرΣȴʧˡ
ʱƹأֱӲϧԪĿ籾ԴѪ
С⻪һʱͰŽƾʧ
ǣռ͵һһɲǣСϵĹ⻪ɢȥֳ˵ص״С
㵽úط˿ռ䣿һʧˣи˾֮ɫϢһ˲䣬Ҳÿ
Ҫƴˡ
鱦𣿡
ҶһЦ˫͵͸һɫԪֱֱĺ˽۵š
һɫĹǷӽ۵𣬵ֵҶɫԪ⹥
Ϊħʮܹ֮һı£ȫλġ
ҲڴʱҶҽһ£ݺݵڽ۵֮ϡ
һţֱߵĽͷѣðǣ
ҲڴʱҶɫԪ£ǻסԪĽɫǷ͵飬ɫԪ谭ĺ˽۵ĵС
ʱ۾ͷһҽУԪ֮£ʧء
ҲͬһɲǣǿֲʱɢԭĽĽСʮ÷Ԫ룬һᣬ͵ؾ˽۵ڡ
ʱͬʮɫһ㣬ֱ۵ĵ

ʶʲôĽۣͻȻޱȾĺ
ֻһɲǣ͸ȻֹȴСʮɫȻ˽۵ĵ˲Ϣͷͨ
۵Ԫ飬ۿɼٶڱɢ
ڰĽϵСת£͵Ҷڡ
ǽЩ޵ĽϵطСԴԴϵҶĽϵ
Ϣ֮Ҷ澪ˡ
СӽĽϵط̺Ľϵкü
գֻҪҶ͸Щϵطͻսǲ˵ҶϵĶ̰壬ҲᲹϡ
Ԫ鳹׵ɢɲǣһư׽ɫɢֲϢһΣ͸СϰٵݳСİΧ
ɷС𣬿죡
ҶĶϺУ͵ȺһԵɽ͵˳һڣͽɷ¡
ȻϾһԣСշɷ
۾ʹ䣡
ͬʱҶĽϵڣɽ͵Ҷ
ˢһ£ƮɽͷֲĽֱָɽޡ
ƥĽ⣬ֱӽɽ޸ŵһ£ڵһʱ㵽Ҷ
飬ǣҶ⡣
ɷҵģӦҪҵģ鼱ҾûڶʱڽΪ鱦ԿԳΪĺ鱦
Ǻ鱦еɱ
ҶȻҲĬȻ
ǰ۷ֽӵɷʱҶ͸˵¡
ʱ뷨ǣŪɷ͸ʵ
ֻû뵽շɽޣɽ޿̵ʱշɷ
ᾹȻ˲ӡ

ҶЩŪˣôãǾԲܿģ˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ˾
СӸҰɷ³ȸɡҶ˵
ɽɵˣǳĲᣬȴǼˡ
죬ĥߴɽ޴ߵ
ϣ㣬һɺ𣿡ɽҶĵڽ
Уһ㶼Уɷ¹ҽ鱦һ£һ˿٣ÿһ֣ҽ鱦İգͻһɡǼ
ǣ㣬һɷӣԺҿԸɷ
ʲô˼
㣬ҵ츳ɷĿǰвٺɷһ˿ɷٸʱ䣬Ҿܹ㹻ɷɽ˵
棿Щɻ
ǧȷ
Ҷ֤ҶҲȷһ㣬û裬ȷʵˡ
ǺðɣһӰɡ
ԣɽ¶ϲɫֵ㣬ڵԽ࣬պɷҲԽޡ
һȻ
֮һ֮һɢŷƥϢɷɽ޿³ȻһΪ
һعɽڣһ룬һȴֱñ壬ϯڣ
ʱϢͷٵı仯


2695 ʦ
һɶ۴ϸɷɽµĽâȻࡣ
ʶ³Ľâͽմ̵죬Ҷ
ô飬ΣҶЩڴ
ô죿Ҷ淭һİֻۣǳڶѣҪںϣҴԼҪҵʱ䡣
ꣿ
ûеãһںɣҵƷףܹΪļƷ鱦ܴ֮£ֱ׷鱦˵
һЧҶȻ
ţɷеĻҪ˵ֻҪʱ䡣
꣬ѹ⣡ȥʱռɡ
Ҷһ֣ͽɽսʱռ䣬ҶԣҲʮʱѡ
ջ񲻴ҶĿͿɽޡ
˵ʵɷ˭ҪҶҲҪ
ԭܼ򵥣Ҫһɷ˵ɱܼʢĽϵͨĹУһɷҲ˺úõĺһġ
ɷѵãǰɽԣܹɷ
֮ɽޣҶܹĻɷ
Сʵ˵ӵЩɷ֮ңҾܸṩɷҶʵ
ոջһɷɽһ£ϣ꣬Ͳ˵ˣҪǿ㣡
ңʲô˼ҶȻ
ҪܹṩپṩҵľԽ࣬Խ࣬Ҿ̵ʱɷ
ҶȻ飬ɽֽ͵ϣҵ츳ԼɽȥɵĻʱǧΪλġ
ҶЩɽһﹻġ
Ҷ滹Ϊɷӣܹɷû뵽ҪͶ롣
˵˵Ҫ֮ṩɷҪپҶʵ
֮ڵĻһǧ֣˸ϡ֮⣬ľĿÿֲڰ
ÿֲڰҶ͵ŴһĳԾһǧֱ֡
ϣɷ컯õһƶǼء
Ҳǡ
Ҷͷֻܷ֮࣬ʱɽṩɷ뷨
ֻѼ־ɽޣˡ
˧оȻʿѾڼħӦΣ˧ʾ£ڳҶԡ
ħɢħսūͣӦõҶͻ˵
üͷһ壬ͻȻ˧˼ǡǣ
ûѵħ𣿡ҶЦ
˧Ȼ˱ħսūųƻ볤ǣ³ǽ練ơ˵ȴһ˿ǣֻǱߣ
Ҷ׺ڵ˼
֮ǰҶųǣΪн۵ԭ֮⣬ҪǱ߶ҶΪƣֻҪǻħУʼ¡ûҶ򺣾ս
Ҫ˳ǣϢأ춯
ǲҲˡ˵ˣΣҪ뿪ÿԸͬⲻͬ⡣ҶЦ
ǣף

󣬳Ǻı£ѾףħҲûиκδۣ˳ǡ
ʵҶڴʱ³ǣһԭ
³֮󣬳ǽΪķͷƽ˾һսߣҶıսͷչռ䡣
Ҳȥһ
ۣħʮ࣬նɱħʮˣʮˣ
Ҷԣ
ΪħǱ뱱ǽƻ¼ǽʴΧƽ˾ǣȫϣнӧӰӣڼϡ
£ħֻһʼѡ
Ҷʱֻڵţĵѡ
ţЧʻߵģȡǵս»֮ţ͸Ҷ淢һݼϸĵ鱨档
Ҷ׼ϸʱͻȻյļѶ
˧ؼ

˧ڸոգشϢ飬ʥزѧʦΪʦ
ʲôΪʦҶ澪ˣҴʦһְΪĴ׼ʵǴʦһְ
Ϊʦ׼ô˵
δһԣ
ҶĬȻȫûǶ費һԵԭ
˧ֹˣڰΪʦ֮󣬱»ߣиԤ֮Ȩ
ʲô
£ֵҶĳԾˣ


2696 ʧȥƺ
ػʹ糯뿪ʹĴ׼裬Щɺ
һǰδ׼ʱ緢ȫģ
ǽ죬ӵǷϣͬкûκηӦ
˵Ҳ֡
Ϊ쳯Ϸ飬ֱƻ
û֣޷ݽ쳯Ϸ顣
ʦΪʦߣó𶯣ȺԷԡ
ǣʊ¡һУǿаʥּةŸټҷԣҲûκô
ʥּһ£ʱ˳Ұ𶯡
Ϊʦһְ
ʦһְڿʥ抪ǰڡ
ʥ抪ʱľʦľΪˣ֮
˵ûоʦľǲܿܳɹɾʹΰҵġ
ʦľ˳ᢣڰģܹԱܡ
ʱĴܣǾ»£벻ʦľ
ǣڴ֮ǧͷ֮ʣʥ抪ͰݾʦľΪʦ޹Ȩ
ʵ֤ʥ抪ȷģľδʦ֮󣬴ܵĹٴڷɣʼñţܵĹʢ㵽˼㡣
ŴܹɱľʦְλͱȽۣһ֮£֮ϣȨ󣬸ַԷﲻ٣˵ľ֮ӡ
ʥ抪Ҳ۲ŴԣһֱľΪʦ
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ʦһְ׼һְȨ
ľδ׼֮󣬳ҰȨһ˵Ҳɢˡ
ʦһְԴ֮Ϊʷ
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ֵ£ɳΪһ֧׼λȨأӰ޴
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ʊ¡ʦΪʦ͵ͬȫ̷˶衣
ԭԶ׼ݣֳȨȣԵȴɱһʥּ
ǣȫûöӶȨȵûˡ
ֻȻ뿪
ʱ˿̣Ȼǰδ׼ࡣ
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佫ĳڽ죬ͷͽʊ¡Ϊ˻Ϊ
ԭҲܼ򵥣ԿһֱԣûѺù
˵˳δʦ˾ǳһԱܣ
ʊ¡ȻʦΪʦⲻңʲô
Ҳֱʱĳ佫źȻӦʱգڲԻȨԼͻȻûˡ
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һǰ˴
ƣ˴ֻҪ˻ͬʱһʥּͿԷⲵּ⡣
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ȻƶԻȨƳĶ࣬ȴܹʊ¡ֿƻּ⡣
ǣǰԭһĸֵͬdӵظ֮󣬴ܵİ˴⵽ƻ
ʱĳӵдȨЩɡ
ڳƶ£ʊ¡Ļ£һϵеĴߣڳϳˡ
ⲵʥּͲ̫ˡ
ֱʱ֡
ԼȨĴ׼еȨˣ֮ǰĴ׼࣬ͺܺõһ㡣
Ƕ豾λǵϵʵǵʊ¡
ټϰȫûöĻȨ͵¡
ǣԼȨȨҲʧЧˡ
һڴĳ佫ͻȻ֣ԭܾƫʩڣ԰У
ڣУֶΣȴûˡ
Ǵܵδ
һĳ佫ĵǣƾոϿһơ
һĳ佫ǲѵʱʊ¡ȴػʹڣټ˸ոհĴʦ档
ʦ
л´ҲлΣ֮˵°ΪʦҪִҩඣ
ˣһ飬޵ܵĹˣδͳһĻᣬ޾ȫʦˡʊ¡泤ҾףһԵ㳯Ȼѡ
ȴ̹Ȼһ񣬡ȻˣǳվͿʼٳִ£ϾµȲã
ȷʵˣǵһҩʱҪ޵壬Ͼޡʊ¡úܸӡ
·ģף


2697 ټ
˵ʵʼ¡ʦΪܴʦҶֻһӦʼ¡ӽˮˡ
Ǻεȵ޴Żľ
Ҫ֪dӵݣӰӡ
£Ѳ˾ؼ൱Ун۵ģʼ¡Ҳ֪ġ
Ҷ벻ͨʼ¡ʦ˴Ȩ
οȫûҪԭˮǰʧˮɱ
Ŀǰţ෽飬óĽǣ£һطˮɱطֻп
֮ȫûıҲӰӡ
ʼ¡ô͡
ҶѾ޷ˣʵӣֱ
ҶϣҲ޴Ӹ档
䶼סʼ¡ôҶֻ֮֮ˡ
ʱ˿̣ҶȻת˱ǡ
Ȼոɺڿʼŷ񣬲ոնɱħڶʮһܹܽ۵ϢûдȥҶ滹ûдϱ
ֵʼ¡ʦ֮ʣҶɲתעʼ¡ֵѹ
Ҷ˿̣λڱǳǱһլ֮ǰլԺռؽĶнǧˡ
˿̣լԺĻٴУŵѲ˾š
˧죬һ̣ļڱǡԭ⣬дʹ֧ʱۺ˵ĻУʮˡ
Ѳջ뱱ǵħ壬µ̶йءţҶϸĻ㱨
ţħǱ뱱ǣûκټѰǣսճֵˣȴ鵽Ǹպ̵̶ӽǵġ
Ǹˣպ̵ĸۡƻħĶ
Ѳ˾ɲǴ˾ʲôҪ֤ݣ֤ݡ
ֻҪҵһ˿Ѳ˾ͻڣ֤ݸڳ
ЩӣţͶøֶΣ˸
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
û֮ǰͲ˵ıʵǴӻ񣬲Ѳ˾£ɲع˼ɱ֮ˡ
ǾҪ⸮ץ֮£˻²Ҷֻᡣţε

ҶǸһ˿ɫ뻸
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˭Ҳ׵ﻸ
˭ŵﻸΨҶҡ
ΪҶ棬Ѿ뻸˺Ƥ
ţҲǵļɵҶ⡣
ϾǶмˣˡ
ſڣһԵΪ˶־һ˻ţڴˣ˭Σ
һ£ѵ췴𣿡ˣƺ㣡
ֳֵĻһѲ˾ͣǰ
֪
һߣһֻӡֱӽպĳ࣬ҽ
һպ̵ͱҶֱӳȻӸţ
ȥʣҪ֤ݣ
ˣ
Ҳֱʱպ̲ź˭Ȼɱңֳֻ췴
췴
ҶһЦ˵ҶҪ췴һƽ񣬿տݹ֮سɣһ㣬ͿԳҡ
պںеͻȻסˣĿŽһöŵҶ棬סˣ
ǲʵħ壬ʵϱأͨħ֮㹻ˣ
й˵ȫѺʣ漰ͨħ˧ѻ꣡Ҷȵ

ţһ߬պ̵꣬ҪȥֻպȴŻˡ
ûأѾûˣҪ£ɾĻɢˡ
ҶԪ˧ңûͨħֻ£¡պֵ̾Ĵ
ʱȻˣţȻȥ
ʵȻˣҪģ֤ݣ
Ҷ濴ŷĵպ̣鶸ر
ܵ飬ԽԽӣԽԽˡ
һλܻӣȻħ壿


2698 ж
Ҷڱǽպץȥѻĵһʱ䣬պ̸ۡԶһլڣһѶͳ𣬷Զ
ڴܣѶѾΪһͨѶʽֻҪߣ÷Ѷ
ȽϷĳϿգÿʱÿ̶зѶڷ衣
񱱺ǵķ̶ȣͷϿշѶ裬Ѷ̫ˡ
Ѷɳʮ䵽һ֪Ĵ䣬ûãоСͿռͨѶŲ󲨶
ûãػڣ˶
ǰħսһ·ĿĻȻóȲ١
£Ǳ߻ǱˣƹȻãƣûκôһµͿڻ
ʵԤϵˡҶ棬ǰͲκӣ˹µĽ
Խĵ⣬͸ˡֶĻ˵
ȷʵˣҲֻһ̽Ҷ棬ûκΪõĿˡͿ˺룬ֻħʵǲı˺õĻᣬȻʧܡ
ǰǳɹξֲһˡǴңеʧʱҸһȥ͹ܵġ
ͷǹ¾ó
˵ʲôˡ˵
ȷʵˣ¼ȻѾ¶»ǾϵĺáͿ˵
Űɣܼңļˣ֮
ǣ£
⣬Ǳôˣֵ˴֮ʣΪλͻȻһʦΪʦأһ㣬Ҳɻ
££ûκνһξȻûһ˿һϢ뷨»ץǱߵĲΪáͿ˵
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Ŀ⿴ػʹķΪ壬ףҲʊ¡Ŀǰֵ״Ѿʱ޶ˡ
ǣΪεڣʻ̫أ
ڳһʦ
ĳ˼Уûãоͳһʬס
󣬻תݹҶ棬͵õţĻر
ãպһֱø絥ϵģøȴǻ⸮ܼңǸ˴Ż뱱ǣҲǵø
⸮ܼңѲ˾鵽ʱȻȥˡ
Ϣ˵ǵ˼
޶֤
ƾպ̵֤ǣûκ֤ݵġ
ˣܣ𷣡ڣţҶ
ս֮Զǧ⣬ǵϹȥѾˡ
ôĵõϢ֤ұǵ鱨͸Ҷ˵
ҶԤϵˡ
ûӦİ֣ҲҶı֡
ˣһ㣬µȴз֡պ֮ʱܱʮ֮ڣʮλɵ˷˷Ѷ
Ų֮ȷˣпǻߣʴˣǰγǣţʾ
ţ˵ԺأҶЦȻҶҵı֣ɲܾôˡ
˵˼ǣţЩɻ
ҶұǣҾҪ˽ǣҶЦ
ԣţЩɦɦԴˣأ˵ǻħ壬ԼҲ
˭˵Ҫض֣Ҷ˻֣ԴҪ£졢Ҫ˽ӡҪύûдĲƸǲܵġ
л񱳾ڱ뺣ԭ̶ӣӦúɣҶʵ
شˣһдСС̶֧ӣֵʮң󲿷ֶںԭڣǻǺСĵģ̲ࡣ
⣬ϣдӱ̺ҡ
Ҫʰ̶ӣϾȥšţ˵
ЩԶԶ̶ӣ϶ȫһϡ
飬´̶УȫҲȻ㰲žѲ˾ָ׼׵֮ͬʱжҶ˵
סصһҪоԵƣȫĳ˼ƻ˿֡
һ⣬ϵҡҶ氲ŵ
ףֻǴˣĻѲ˾ľҪȫų뺣ԭأû˿ˡţʵ
صĺѲ˾Ҹͷɱȥץ˾ǣ֯һⲻɡҶЦ
ӢţССһƨ
Ҷ˻֣ȥ׼ɡ
Ҷţһʱչ˵顣
Ҫ뽫е̶ȫǾԲܡ
ţֻص黸Щ̶ӣ̼ңصж
Щţµ鱨Աɲڱ뺣ԭչ
˵ظܷչ鱨Ա
Ȼ޷ǴѲ˾ؼһ鱨Ա鼰ء
ЩҪݳǿǣѾ鱨Ա
ϧؽȫ֮£֮ţ߾˽
ûãڵѲ˾ʮѲ񽫡ǧѲԣгʮͷֳʮ֧СֶӼصĳ
ͬһʱ䣬ĵ£ڵľ뺣ԭľӣʼж׼
Ҷİ£ϣԼʥˮҲɳ˾ˮ壬ɾʥԴӡ
飬̶֧ڴϺС
ҹݹڣҶ֪ͨȺһԵ㣬жɣ


2699 ʧ޿ɹ
Ϸһ֧صĴڷмۡ
УӵĴƹӴ־ͷ˼Ѷ
Ĵ󴬶ӳУˮˮ£ɳ̽ӣ亣һ㶼ߵΡ
ܿģ̽ǵĻӦʹˣһ
յѶӵĴƹĵ˵ͷʱʱֿһ۴ͷ߹ҵıݹĺ졣
ͨк죬ǻʮƷʯģÿһ꣬ҪϽʮƷʯ󣬵Ҳֵ
Ҳͨк죬·߱İȫޱȣ·ߡ
ȥһ˻صԭÿ˶һǧƷʯ
ƹһߺȣһˮ뻤ǣ׷׺Ȼкá
ƹȴǸ⣬⴬ȥܹθĹˡ
Ҳڴʱһ͵شֱӽһΣյĴƹһģͷ͵ײ˲űߡ
ۼĻæ𣬶ͷײľʹĴƹȴģôģȡ飡
һ˴ĺˮʯһ˼װ壬ҲڴʱһѶ˴ƹС
ˮˮһ۷Ѷƹ;Ǻ𣬾͸Ȼֹ
һֻžӡλƹؿڣѪͬʱ
ʥޱĳ֣Ŵ˷ӿˮȵץģǱߣǺҪ˿ڵġ

һˮȻӦǣ˻ޱȵˮֺͻ
ʱѪĴƹŻعžʥŭ߳ȻҹӣǾͲ±ݹ𣿡
ԣʥǸһ˿Цݣݹ˱ݹ
ʲô˼ƹȻ
ӳԱݹķұݹĹԣҪ־͹Ӱɣ
ƹȻоһ˿ǡݹ
һɲǣƹľͱˮˡ
ڱ֮ǰƹȴӳһѶ
һĻʥûֹ
ĵܵĽϢȥźء
ͬһĻڱĴݣҲڶݣʮݳǿݡ
ֻǣڴϣݳǿ˵Ѳ˾ӵרҵӵѸݡ
Щ̺ţϢͱȫܻɱ
󣬻µѲ˾Щܵƹ񷢳ʾѶ
󣬽ܴȫߣڵسǷӸ֮ǰȻʧӰ٣ʱ̡
żһݳǾݳǸ֣ݳڵж鶼лĵС
ЩƵĵսޱǿɾ;˵ˡ
Լʱ½ϳǺͺԭ֮ʮһжص㣬жȫһʧܣ˶ѣ
жɹĽݱһһҶߣǳ˳ɹĽݱҲһһķҶ档
սݱյҶ棬صĻڣȴǿƾꡣ
ʱҹıͿϥޣͻȻյһʮ𼱵ļ
İ̶ӣڱˮ˴ʧ
鱨Ϳ˲Ϣ侪һ亹
̶ӷʶΪһʮƷʯ⣬Ǽֵ޴Ĵ󺣴ô໤뺣ϵˮ֡
Ǻϵˮ֣ɱȽ
һ֧ʧʧߴϰƷʯң⻹ʧϾؽ˴Ҫʱ䡣
룬ҹģͿģĺá
ûͿһһļѩһͿɫѿ˼¡
Ϣ֮Ѿӵ˯Ļ񱻴оѡ
ȻˬǶͿɫͿǸ˼
Ҳ֪Ϳش飬Բҹ
ǣ£̶ӳ飡Ϳ
̶ӣûЩˬˣô̶ӣһôˣʵ̶֧ӳ⣬˼С
ͿƽյĴȫȻڣɫѿޱȡ
£̶֧ӣʮ֧СУʮҷִĴ̣һҹ֮䣬ȫ˶ˡʧ޿ɹ
ʲô
¶һĪĹ죬ĪҿЦɣôബӡ̣һҹ֮䱻ȫˣ
ûɣ
Ϳϵأһ򣬡£ǳոսӵеļ
һ£ӹ͵طһ룬Ͱˡ
Ǽȫꡣ
֮Ļˣ⣬⡭˭һҹ֮˵˹ɵҵ
£ֹɣȫǴ̣߳ɣ߳ɵҵʲһҹ֮ȫˣ
˼Ϣ쳹˭˭˭ң


2700 
ŭ󣬻ܿ侲Ͼŭܽ⣬̵ʱڼʧ
̶ӡбʧΣ̶೤ʱָܹת¹ʳ˵һܹؼ⡣
ֵ˴£鱨ҵЩԱתȱ˲ƸɲС
ο˽ǲ١
лЩľӪľͳϵûʯҲС
Ҫû㹻ʯЩľӪòһģܾͻ
£ʧƲأ˵ǰ£ǰ꣬ҲܹȫָͿһĿɬ
ꣿ
͵ֱ壬ôôãе̣֣˻ͿתˣʧЩ̵ʯͻ¾͵ˡ
£ҲǹؼڣͿһĿɬֵĵˣƺϵܽߵʯͻʲϵȵȡ
ģȴǽЩƹġƣԼֽˣߵĴߣɱɱ
˵ߵҵϵͳѾ̱ˡ
һȻ˭ôĻߣˣҴ˶ǣƹͻûоǣҴȱģˣ
£ܲףƺУЩСƹģɲ˵оеģǸֹɶϡȱ˲š
ܹ߼ڹҳϷ棬Ҳöӿǣ
ңһʧôˣҪ߼ڹƹĹҲҪʴʵʯпܡ
Уͨƹ񣬻ʯԸ߼ǼϵĴƹÿһҶһģͷǳˡͿ˵
ԣɫ˸ţ͵ҧʹʹֻҪܽʯ׬໨ҲνԶùµĽñʯ
ҪȻɽգɳŲ˶á
˵ǣǡͿЩأؽЩ·֮ǰһؼ⣬ý
ʲô⣿
£ǿܸµ̶ӡ̡һΣܸΡ
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˷˵ͷ˵ǣǵ˭Ŀꣿ
ģ
˵ֲ꣬һ䣬Ҳֻĸ߲ʱԸң
£¶ǡ
ͿٴοЦ£ǿٴε͹˱Ǳߵ
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վ˵һζԸ̶ӡС̵ģǱҶ棿
ôңôңѵ췴𣿡ؿھţŭޱȡ
£㿴ͬһʱ䣬ڱǡԭе̡ȫԸֽڲ⣬ѺԱһɴߡ
ʱΣߣڱ£пǱͶĵ»ߵ¡
ȴϣǰߣǱڱ£ǺߣͿ˵
ȻҶԹµıж
û
ͿٴοЦҸǣĿǰ£ʱûѹƱ
ӵȻˣʲô˼Ѳ˵µҵϵؽңңˣ
ĿǰȷʵˡͿޱȿɬҶǱߣŷǳѲ˾¸ƣǻ
˵ǼؽҵϵҲɳʮƱҲû
ò˶ãǱ߾Ϳٴδؽҵϵ
ʱһǵĴǻԵġ
⡭
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ΣŻ˵»ǵ͹Ҷ棡УЩֱıô£Ȼᱻ˿켣
ǱǱҹ¶Ѳ񽫣ͳʮ̽޿ײ롣ͿЦ
ô죿ĿͿѲɾԴУñǱû취
ֻߣҪϱǱȥͣ
ԳԱҶ˽⣬¾ǵȥͣҲûκν
ž
͵һӣ㻹ùȥ͵뷨Ǿǳôܣ
𼱣ֻôһ˵ô˼Ե¸ЩѾûκλ͵Ŀˡ
Ŀǰʵϣ޷ѹƱұǱѲ񽫵ԭǻڱ֮С
ǣȴ֣߳ƱҶͿ˵
֣߳һɻ󣬡ҶĹһˣ߿ûٹϵ
Ǻǣ£ˣͻйϵҶߣϵ٣ֻûע⵽ˡ
˵䣬Ϳһ¼һݸ˻
£㿴ȫҶйϵˣ
ɨһۣһ䣬˵ǣйϵ
ֻǣҪ¹⼹ǡ
·ģȥԲõµܵʧ˵Ĺ󣬵ʱ򣬶ñǱ߷Ϳ˵
ˣ
˵ͷǾȫˡ֮꣬ڣҪָҵϵ
ЩɾҪȫˣ
·ģ


2701 
ˣ㲻֪ӼֱǸͣһжȻʯ⻹Ʒʯ
˳ִصĸָϡʵļֵͳƷʯ
ֹܴ˴жӦ˵ĹҶ㱨ʱ˷ޱȣ˵ĭĽ
ԣһԵЦ㰡֪ʯʵһжջģһĲƸ
ֱӲǱĲ㣬Ǳĳӵķḻ
˵һ£ֻ鷳ǣνЩˣǵļ˻ȫء
ҪǣǻСʱ̼ල
޷ĵλߡͷһ㰲ĵĽЩļǰġʱ䣬Ҷ鶸һҪǿ죬һκ쳣ֱӱΪū
ǣ
һԵĹȴЦˣԸ˴һΣ൱ǱһˣҪǶΡ
컹û˵꣬ͱҶޱֹˡ
ȥжԱ´׼κ˶۴£ڣ
ס𣬾͵ûз𣿡Ҷȵ
챻Ҷһѵһף
ʵҶһԴӵжǷǳɻġ
ӊǾҶǳ
˵ĻҶΪǾ췴
ȻĿǰӊ֪ҶɵģҲ޷ԸҶ档
Ŀǰشʊ¡صϢλλĻӡĻӡ߻Ĳɿ
̶ֳ˵ҶȻĻӸ߻ӡ
ֻҪҶԸӣλͻİҶ档
Ӱģӊõ֤ݣҲسϴˮ̶ѡ
ҶҲ׼һ㣬ż󵨵ȫֶԸӵµҵϵ
ҪƽʱҶִȨ飬ܻᱻл弯ѹ
ڣȴֲһ
һεжջǺܴ
иҵľӢ˿ڣ͸ߴˣһҶ˿ڵȱ
ΪˣжҹҶԳ鱦ʮԪ챦СèҶӸش˴˿ڡ
Ҳܼ򵥣ӽռѡ
Ҫ֪Ҷķرְһֱϡ١
ܵĿΪϡСȣϿ˿ڳǧĴ󿤣п˿ǧϵĿ˿ڳһǧΪ¿
ְΪ㹻㣬ܳ˿Ρ
ʮָĲ˿Ѿһǧ򣬵ǽûְ˿ڱ˵һǧûС
⼸ս𣬱£ִӱְ˿ǿﵽһǧ򣬻ָ̡
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һŪ˿ȻֻˣҲ١
ٽǵļŪȻѲ٣ҲӼʮ˿ˡ
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Ҷɲ뵽ʱֵ֧ĻӸֵ֧ĻӴ̨Ϸ
ˣһҪ˶ᡣ
ţ뽲żˣҶ滹ǺصģûҲпͰʮڿҿҵġ
ˣݹָʹƜWܵ±ļѵǷѲ鼰һ£ȴ벻֡
Ŀǰɹָʹܣȴܳˣ綨֡żһһԵĹ˵
һæ˧ǰϽЩ죬ÿ˵˯ʱ䶼ֻʱæȥ¿ɾæˣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦż˼ݹľ´Ȩܾڹһ֡
˵ƜWĶƷɻЩһֱ丸£Ѿ˧ˣҶʵ
˧ȷʵˣƷɻСҼ˻¸һԣ̫ȣ̫ˣ˵
ǾٸƷɻһǶ丸İοΪݹָʹ±ļѵǾΣҶ˵
˴˾ף

˰ʱ⣬һЩݹڻѹĹ񣬴ӊµҵϵͳ²Žķ𶯡
Ȼ𶯣ǰ
£Ҷıһչ¶һצҲǶԸһξ档
ĻӸ߻ӵʹߣȴĸˡ
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ݻ鹬ǰûӦҶֱǰ
ʲôˣվס
Ӱһһҽŵɶһʧȥ˹Ҷ֣Ǻзִ硣
󵨣
ƾճҶŭ߳
ҶûᣬֻһЦһָ֣һĴָСĻžɳ

߳һĴָСĻ͵ر鹬ϿգͱһŻ𺣣˵ĵڻвҽвѡ
Ҷ濴һĻ۾΢΢һУĻ˧ĳڶʽġ𺣣Ƿǳɹ۵ġ
Ҷϰĳɹ֮һ
ֻĻ˧ĵġطҪǰӲܴ߶
һöӣҶ棬ҲҪʱɡ
һǣҶֻġ𺣵һ
Ҷȫã˵֮⣬ݻ鹬ǰ벿֣¾ûˡ
𺣱һ÷ݻ鹬ǰ벿ֻɻ𺣣Ҳ˷ݻ鹬ڵϰٵ
ӧҲǶسУһĻʱͻˣҶŭ߳
ҶģʲôΪҲɱ㣿
ͬһʱ䣬ϰٵϢ˷˹ֵ鹬ĶʮҶһȻŭڻŭ߳һʮʹ˷ͬʱҶ棬ͨطͬʱ
һĻӧһ򣬲ûֹʮΧҶ棡


2702 ûʲôϵ
Ȼĸ׻Ů֪ҶڻһЩ¼֪Ҷǿ
ǣҶЩս̫񣬽ҶӧһҶʵ
ӧǣԶʮķˣҶ澹ȻվΡȻû˿ֵ߳˼
ӧȻ
һɲǣݵƿ˺һ쳹
ɫļʸ·һһʣݺݵĹǰʮڡ
䣡
޴ֱӽʮĵɶȻıɫļʸֱӽʮظ俪˴СһĿ
ظըһˮͰСĴ󶴣Ѫɼˡ
еĻȴΪΪ߷ӦѸ٣˲̫ء
ǣһֱӽʮش˲Ϣ;ٲǰ
һɲǣҶʮﴦֳ־޹սӰ֣޹˸Ź⻪ɢſֲϢĺɫʸֱûӧͷȻҲ˲Ϣֹ
ߣһΣɾͲ壬ǵԴҶɱϢӧٴδһսҲոձشʮλ⡣
ҪǵԴǾûеɢҲˡ
ʱס
ʱ򣬻ͳæǰЦᣬǴˮҶһˣҪֱ˵һǣֱӽǣˣˡ
ˮһˣҶ濴ŻĿһ㣬ȻһˣΪλҪұ֣
ҶԪ˧γԣʱƽĻӧٴοڣҺʱԱ֣ҶԪ˧죬ֱӴҵĻ鹬شʮλ
ߣǲײĲᣡҶĻȲô棬ɫѿޱȡ
ӧ֮ʣҶ־׳һסԪޱȵԪ顣
ʲôˣͲҪٽƱˣҶȵ
ӧûûп˵ģΪԪӰΪ̵ԭЩŤϢ֮󣬴ӧʱʹһߡ
ǡݿԪ飿
ϳ֮󣬻ӧļѿ˵һֱ֪Դ
ֳʱޱȵκͽӲ֮С
ʱǻӧͳƿ˽֣ᣬ⵱ᣬᡣ
ͥ˶ӵģҲ˵ĵط
һɹ¸ҶԪ˧⵱еԭɡ
˵꣬ͳæ֤ҶԪ˧빬ھɢЩұ֤ǾԲҶԪ˧κβ֮⡣
ǣҲ˵ңҶһߣʹ̤˻鹬ڣӧӵĺȻ
ҶĲǻһٵﰡöŸʵ
鹬ʮ⣬սٴȥΡ
ʵӧ֪һٶ˵Ҷ棬λ컯Ҳ°
Ҷ沢ǹһ˰ҶֻҪԸ⣬ʱųһ
Ҷ죬б
֮ɫÿĻӧҶ棬Ȼͳ콪ԸҶ˲ˮ
ҶµУʵᣡӧ͵
ôᷨѵ˵ǱҲڵϢиҶЦ
ȷʵң
ӧϵĺܴ󷽣ǣҶԪ˧ӻ֮ǰѾıģҵ֪ҶԪ˧ΪĹʱѾıĲˡ
ʱҸҶԪ˧ȻǵˣҲ̸ѺãЩ֣ҶԪ˧£
ڣһˣԺǾԲᷢˡ䣬ӧ˵ĺܳϿҡ
ΪĶұǺƽ˾ս˾ʿˣѲʮˣѲˣұݹָʹҲսˣʧô㣿Ҷʵ
ԣӧȻҶԪ˧⻰ôô˵ֻ˼ܲںĴ½Ϣѡ
ȫħģ㱱ʧһθɣ
ô˵ұʧʼûκιϵˣҶʵ
Ȼûʲôϵشĺܿ϶
ޣȻˣʹ㽪ӧҲûʲôϵˣ
ޣйϵģ
˵Ҷվˣ
ӽҶǣǳ׵׵ĵˣұ᲻һд۵ĶԸǣ


2703 Ǻڼ
Ҷֱӵս嶨Ϊˣֱӽӧˡ
Ҷ⻹ǻλʹأôܹ˵ͷء
ҶתҪߣӧͳ콪ӧæסҶ棬һסҶ棬һ߸ӧʹɫӧŷӦ
ò˵Ůӧͳ죬ϳɳأ
ҶҷѾ͹ˣı֮ǰ֪ѾΪһʹ⵱ЩᣬҶ£ӧٴν͵
£ô˵ұһжǰˣұѲ񽫡ѲԣָʹƜWҲǰඣ
˵ҶɱڵվŽºȵҪҰͳȸඣ̸
ң
ʲôҵģҶɢΣյϢɭɭĶŽ¡
߱ŵͷǼֳУ˫뵽ǰ
£ȷʵᣬǱǱҲȷʵʧ٣֪ҶҪôֻҪ̫ףҼҹǺгġ˵
£ȷʵᣬʧҲѾɣҪô۰ɡӧԶûĸ׻ŮôԲȻǿΪơ
ָʯ𣿡ҶЦ
ӧ𻰣ĬҶ˵
㿪ۣĵ龫Ҫʯȫˣ
㣡ӧֱӱҶؿͣԲɣĶҶ棬ȻʱǼȵĲˬҶ棬ȴֲҷ
ĸ׵ĴѾ֪ˡ
ԣĳ̶ֳ϶ԣⳡ棬ʵʾĸĻϲ֮Ľ
Ѿ·硣
ʱӧȻЩˣڵڱıǼ£ṩ鱨塣
ʯ⣬û˿׬ˣɾͲܸҶ涨ĶŻӧһѵĿǣĻӧһҧˡ
㵽ҪôΣӧֻҶ濪ۡ
ܼ򵥣ֻҪ°¡Ҷ˵
ֻҪ
һ£Ҫ鱨Լʥٵ鱨
һҶնɱʥ٣ȴһֻնʥٵԪѣ˻ҶЩġ
һħ年ԸʵҲǻһ㣬һҶıҲ֮ǰûնݳĺ󻼡
ҪҶʹס
ҪȻûеߣħ࣬˵ܹԵĴ
ȻҶڵ壬ܡ
ǣչʾһ壬ȴ
Ҷһ鹬֮һҲ֮һ
ûٿǣӧʹӦҶ棬û⣬鱨Ҷףҿ԰飬Լʥٵ鱨ӦҲԴ
ܺãǵڶ¾͸ðˣĵҪ죬ʮҵķȦڣնɱˡҶ˵
Ļӧͳ콪ȴҶĻˣ·ʲô˼һ㣬۾˸Բ
ⲻܣ
Ҷǻã֮ͨ꣬²ܡڻӧܾ֮ͳ콪ֲһ䡣
ãʹĹϵأô㣿˵ôѡأҶͻʵ
ӧ뽪¶һۣӧҡҡͷҶҲ̫˵Ļʲô˼
װ˵ļһ㣡
Ҷ濴Žӧ£Ϊǵ˿£еı߸£
⡭𰸺ܼ򵥣϶еı߸ӿ£ԽӧĴȻҶ˼ˡ
˵ħǵˣôʱĻҶеıߡ
νǹ°
Ҷˣ֮ǰᣬӽǾҶᶨѣ¸ϽԲ
տƾ
Ҷĸ֣Ͷס˽µ죬ͶĿŻӧѡ
ΣӧſڣҶĵģ⣡ǣҿԱ֤ӽǽᶨѡ
ǣҲҿṩǵ鱨㣬ȴǷΪС
ԣҶȴҡҡ
£ˣ£Ǻڼף֪ҽʲô𣿡
ΪʲôǶթǣ˳۸۸һŮӣӧҧ˵꣬Ȼŷ֣仰ƺ粻̫Ծ
ִˡ
Ҷٴҡͷһʵȷһ£ȷ֧ǵУ
ѣպѣȻкǵУֻһѡ񣡡
ʲôѡ񣿡ӧЩš
ȫ𣡡
Ϊҿĵˣ£µǣʵȴǵ˵Ĵڡ
Ϊ˱Ψȫ֣ɱеıߣȫԸҵĵˣ
ȫ𣬿𣿡ӧҧ촽
ĸףĸ컯ˣҶԸɵ˵ٶ
ңˣǺĴ½ǴܣҲǹսֻҪԸ⣬ѣ붯Ҷһļ
Ҷ£ӧͻȻû⣬ǣѾҶĻҶĻˡ
£Ҫһʱ䣬ʾĸףӧ˵
㣬һʱ
ʵϣҶԻӧԣţ˵ġ
˵ӧҶߣ߶վҶֻѡɵӧ֧顣
ҪȻΪµԭҶ潫ӧ֧ӵѶԴСչ鲻ܵɵ˶Ը
һӧٴΰҶ棬ƱҶ鷳
ԣҶ˱֮⣬ӧµġ
ѡˣѡҶ⣬Ҷֻܽӧɵˣ
ͬʱҲΪĲ
µˣ±ıѣ

ػ
Ϊӊµҵϵݻ٣⼸ػڿ˵ǼɹæĲɿ
æ䣬һͻȻ;ֱ˻
ǰԺܼҸҪˣϾ͹ˡ
ӭܹܣʲô磬ܹܸ㴵ˣ룬ܹ롣
ūּ¡һľȻ㳯˵
ּܼһ£ʱּ˵Ǻ£æкţȥͨ
֮󣬻һгʷͿһӭ˳㰸׼ʥּ
ȴڼܹ㳯˻ָֹˣͣ
һɫͰڳһģ㳯ֵ£ʥ϶µĿͣһͺã򲻿⴫
һи˿ϲ֮ɫϾɢˣ׼ң


2704 Тģ
Уǰ͵ڼܹ㳯뻸뾲ûþͳˣһϢ뿪
һ˵ȣеͬʱһĻȾĹ죬ʮֵĺ档
ʱڼܹ㳯ּͣͣЩѰ
ʼ¡صϢҰ̫ӵĺҲԽԽߡ
Ȼ˵ʼ¡û̫ӣ֪̫ӹҲʱ֮ڡ
Ǵʱ˿̣ʥּ´ڻ˶ԣͷͬһˡ
һڴĿڼܹ㳯뿪֮ľң뿴ӾҳĻͷӦжһʲô
ǲʥ׼Ϊ̫ӣл׼
ҪЩˣɾͶǴ֮ˣһǰ;
ǣһ˵ȣҵȣΣҲӾڳ
һȣСĹ
ܼҸλʷͿʮֵľȻⲻ̫
˽һ֮Ϳǰߵ
ǣͿһļӴûκλӦ
ϵľɫŨ
գܼͿһ飬Ϳǿдľ󷨣ǿд˾֮С
뾲֮Ϳ͵ؾ䣬Ϊ֮УȻڵϡ
Ϳʧɫæǰ鿴֮Ϳųһ
һˣϢ̫Ȼм־Ѫ˥֮״ҲǾѪ˥ŻԵء
ʱĺȴԽԽ
鼱֮£ͿŰһڻˣѳƻʥϿͣ׼ӦۣϾɢȥ
Ϳǻʷ˵ģ˲Ҳţֻɢȥ
ֻɢȥ֮ͿżܼңصĴ󲹾Ѫĸĵرȫ
ҩЧҵģҩЧǿģιһͨ߶ҩԼʱ֮󣬻ת
ԹܼҸͿĹУȴ˷ܣѯ㳯ʱû˵ʲô
˰죬㳯ʱһ仰Ҳû˵ʱЩɥ
Ϳӵɻ󣬶෽ѯ֮£ǲ˵ͿΡ
ǹ²˵֮ǰּʱʾģ£Բܸκˡ
ԣ¹²ܶ˵ǹΪֵһ䣬ϴ̽ĸ߸
ܹûȥǵĸȥǸ֮ĸߵΣ
ǴһͿֻܽ
ͿϾӴӼΣ֮ǰ徫ѪյԼҪ̽ĻӸ߻ӵʱ˼ֲ²⡣
ϾԴӼ׳ţ壬ʱڣôܾѪԣ
ԴӼ״Ҫ֪ʱھѪԣֻһܡǾǶʱʧ˴ıԴѪ
Ҫ֪ԴѪ߶ԣ͸һһĹѹ
ӼΪӣڲĵرǾ˴αԴѪ޿֮պָҲõ޷ָˡ
֮ڼܹ㳯Ļ뱾ԴѪйء
ǣҪӼô౾ԴѪʲô
Ϳ벻ͨ
ͿĵУͿ֣ڼܹ㳯ȥȥʮλӹУǽеĻӹ϶ȥˣûĶûŹ
ޣһ˳⡣
Ϳĵ飬ǾֹǱߣڼܹ㳯ûȥ
֮⣬еĻӹڼܹ㳯뿪֮󣬷Ӧࡣ
һɫ԰ף㲻ȣ㳯뿪֮󣬾ʹѰҲظѪĵر
ͨĻӹϲûдĲ侫Ѫĵرһʱ䣬ӹڽ򲹳侫Ѫĵر
мѪ֮ơ
ɴˣͿȻƶϳǹڴռҵıԴѪҪʲô
ȻдƲ⣬Ϳû죬ʵʵĻر˴̽á
Ӽ֪ĻӸ߻ӵķӦ֮󣬶شЦˡľȻûȥѣǳˡ
ˣǹҲ˹ȥǲ֪׹˶أ
ˣһС
ͬһʱ̣ػʹڣڼܹ㳯Ҳת
£ūѾּн飬»
ϵʼ¡͵죬޺ʹʦջΣûռʦıԴѪ
У޵ǼӣТΣ


2705 ʥ
ȣٲʧ֮ɵĴ½ʥӡ
Уоȫʥӵλǳĸߣ͸һĻһ
ңһĻ࣬кüˣҪĻԱҲкü١
ǣУоȫʥûгʮ֮
ԣڻһĻ壬һʥеĵλߣߵͳνײ㡣
ԭҲܼ򵥣Ϊоȫʥӣԣڸ棬Ǻ
ÿһʥӣһȷоȫʵ֮󣬾ͻܵõĴ
ȫȵȡ
ϵ£ֻҪǰ׳գÿһʥӶ䣬ȫš
֮⣬ʥӵпط˵սſƵʯɽ
ֻҪʥӵϣ˵սͻɱɱ
Ѫսʱˡ
ĵڵǿߣӦڵռˮ˶ҪܶԸǡ
˵ÿһʥӶԣޱȵ
ʥҶ֣֮ޱʹˣҵǣֻʧѡ
ԣһλʥĴ½һӦ
֮⣬ȻһҪҪ졪ǾǱҶ棬
Ҷ涼콫һޱȵʥӸɱˣ
Ҳʥڡʥͳһ뷨
ʥӣǾԲκᶯġ
ذٱѪծѪ
ϧǣԴʥȱ֮һֱҲҶټҪҲš
һռ֮أȹԼҪ飬ѹܴٽ
ǡɣ˻ӧ͸¶鱨֮ǰڱԼƽ˾ǱΧһ¡
Щ飬ȫֲ߻ġ
ħĹϵȻܶˡ
ħħսܣǣߴŵģҲ塣
ϧǣȵļƻǹȴȼƻеĿһɶûдﵽ
ļƻȴݻҶָģȻý۹ƽ˾ǣȡְ
ħ廹ȣǴΡ
˿ڻ̫࣬ǲƸȴǼࡣ
ȻкƻƻĸֱֽӲս
ϧǣǰһûɹƻֻܷˡ
Ϊź벻
Ĵ½һ࣬ΪֹʱʥһûɣЩż
ǽ죬ͻȻյ˻ӧѾõҶľ٣ǰҵмɽ̶ԸҶ¡
ȾȻǰ
ϴʥٲһ£ǳ˼ԡ
ʥӣɾ䡣
ԣһγУʥʮ
ʮȥ࣬ʮȴǽľˮ
ľˮͿ󣬹һ壬ÿһ˶ѹͬΪߡ
ʥӴ֣ͻᷭÿһӵԽս
󣬾Ϳеϴʥ֮£սǷ˵ǵ컯ˣӦ
ڶʥӵĻ
ҲȡٲĽѵ֮Ϊʥӵİȫزá
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ֻ˰ʱ⣬ʥȾ͵ִˣĸģȴǻӧ
ӧʥĿһƬȡ
Ļ壬ÿһǱ
ܹȢһӵɫĻŮӣĺоȫĿԷǳ߲˵пɫ⡣
ĺӣܹļ治˵ܲһʥ
дԭʥٻȣڻӧǳС
¼£٣٣һԷЦţչֵԼķȡ
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ȴһֵڴ磬ʲôΣգϣ
˲ٶĿ죬֮󣬾ɽͤǰȻǣɽ֮ͤУȻһӢ
£˺ˣȲˬָ֮࣬Ŵ𵶰֮ͤеҶ棬һɻ


2706 Ҽڱ
£˺ˣЩˬ˴ȻӦǰҪӧԸҶ֮⣬ʵȻӧ
û뵽û˸ˣᣬǲˬ
ǣ׷֮£ӧȻһԣӢ˵һࡣ
ʥҼﶼȥȻʶң˿Ҷ棬ͻȻЦ
ʥȺЩ⡣
ȥǰӵļ
ӵɾͲһˡ
Ͼʥĸۡͬһ㡣
ֻʥ˼һ飬ȴǰûκӰ죬æֵˡ׾ʵûϳʸµλµĸۡ
ҼҰҶٴЦʥһϤҼڱǣ
ǣʥһɻʾ䣬͵ضһҶ棬ǡҶ棿
Ҷûд𻰣ָֻһɫķѶʹҶзɳ
ͬһɲǣۻǿĵϢɽ
ʥСģ
ڽǰʥٵ͵ؼ
ݵı
ʮɫļʸлĵһĹ켣һĵС
ʥȻûзӦ֮ǰȵԴֱӱʸ䱬
󷽰еʮеԴҲǵ䱬
ͬʱ⡢̹˷ͺЩĵ
˵ǣԭȸӧӭʥȵʮͻȻͳĵѡ
ʮɫͬʮʺһͻأĺ˶
̫ͻأˣ
ĵĵܽʱͻȻ֮£һз
һЩƵıԪķ˲Ϣһɫܡ
ˣԪ黹ܵ𵴡
Ҷĵ֮£ʮ˲Ϣʹˣһܵش
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ʣµģڶʮĺ£Ҳֻʱ⡣
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ӧľǣΪֹֻⲻˣΪֹҲûҵҶ
ңڻ鹬ǰı飬ܣƺָǿɡ
ȥܽһкڵǿԪ鳹׺ɱ
ܣֱƿֲ
һԵʥǸӵ𾪡
һתͷĹĵ˴룬ֱ
㡭ӧͽ
ʥŭ䣬ɫӿ֣ҲڴʱɫԪֱȵС
ʥȵĵڱ˴ĿԪ⻪ʮԪķرͬʱ
Ҷ˵ɫԪĳ£ЩԪķر׷ױ顣
ҲʥȵȻֹ۾һ˹ȥ
ӧٴοһҶ棬Щ𾪡
˿̣Ѿˡ
Ҷǿˡ
ǾڷţҶɫԪ⣬ȻͬɫԪִ֮һϡ
Ҫ֪ԪΪǻĿұ졣
ڿұ϶Ҷ泬ԽԻӧ𾪺ʹ֪
֮࣬ӧȴЩңԼѡǶԵġ
׼ȷ˵ĸ׻ŮѡǶԵġ
Ĺϵش飬ӧûģϵĸ׻Ů
գŮʵûӧѡҶЭѡվӵҶһߡ
ҲҿվҶߣҪȻʱ˿ܴ˽ٵģܾǻĵ
ҶµӧӦİգǶҶײβ䣬ӧĴĵɵѣҲ²ѡ
ҲҶӧʥȵͬʱǱ߽ʮսҲˡ
ȫ䣬īɫ⻪סȴǱСˡ
£죡Ҷ΢΢һЦһ֣̽һֻԪ֣̽׹ʥȡ
졭
󵨣ʲô˸ʥӣըװŭͻأ


2707 ɳ
󵨣ʲô˸ʥӣ
ըװŭɲǣڳļµ컯Ϣ˲
컯еѹһɢǻҶĻĵ׷ͷëͷӿĪĿ־塣
֮ģֵµĶҲһߡ
컯˵Σȴٶȿո컯˾ͳµʥǰһ־ͻҶԪ֣ȡ
컯ˣ
Ҷȱ£Ȼŭʲôʱ컯ҲںĴ½ˣ
ƾ㣿
бȵ컯ȴЦһȣ˷Ҷ档
ҰʥӣϷǸ
˭˭һأҶĶϺУ˫ĿŭһһԪ⣬һ컯ˡ
Ȼ컯˶ҶԪ⼫ɵ֮࣬ȫ߶ԪԱ⡣
һȴҶԶԶıΧ޷
ҲڴʱݵƿһɢſֲϢ˷ܼ
СҲҳ
컯磬֯ȻȬ

Ҷһ̤ش컯һء
һɲǣһɫļʸһ㣬ݺݵĶ컯˵ϣı
źǣһȻǿ󣬵ȴֻ컯ϱһСĿѪ
컯˿ֲǿĻָССѪת˲ͻظˡ
㱾컯ǶϿԶԿģ컯˴Ц
ҲڴʱոջԹȥʥҲʹʥȿ컯ʱ;ϲ壬ҿ㣡
ʵϣԴһʥٲһͱҶĻɢ֮ͳ˼ԡ
˴ʥӣһλ컯Уؼʱֻ̣Ҫܾʥӣ´Ҳν
ԭֻԤû뵽쾹Ȼˡ
ʥӷģڣ˭˲㣡
ȵͷָ֮࣬Ҷӧҧгݵ壬ȻѾˣɱˣˣȻ壬ô
ҪģҪץģЩЪ˹
λΪص컯ǿһԶգûиӦ쳣͵ͷʥӷģʰǣֵ
һ֣Ƿ𣬽һɢŰϢĹǶܣܡ
Ƕܼ죬ҶԪȥȻţ뺣һ˲Ϣʧ
Ҳڴʱش߶ǶܣӲҶԪ⹥ĹҶ档

ҶǺ𣬰ޱȵԪӿĺˮһע룬Ҷָⶸرͨޱȡ
һɲǣҶָⱬѪſֲ⣬ʹ⻪Ļ⣬ͺĽغš
Ļɽ
˲طһƺߣҶһǵĻɽĵɳǧԶ˽ڵϢ
һУе˼Ҳе˼ѣֻһתƾͻָ˴룬һԶûκζٴҶ뽪ӧ
һΣ˭Ӳˣ
һԵĻӧɫȴŻˣ컯˵Ϣȶе㷢ʱҶɱоҲû컯ˣˡ
Ҷû˵ʳָͨ죬Ȼ͵رһǵĻɽ컯ٴκˡ
֮Ҷȴһ֣׳һɽ塣
ʥ壬ȥȫӳ֣
ʥԶɽʧ
ҲڽӧɻɲǣɽͻȻͱٵǿϢ
ǣٵǿϢ۶ƺȫۼһ֮ϡ
ϷͲˣжָͷԱ
ԣ
Ҷһ̤һΣҶĵĻɽشͨͬʱʩչøո˽컯ٶٴ
ͬʱɫٴκ
һΣ컯ȴû⣬
۵ļʸͣҲıͣ
һΣȴڴѪ˲Ϣ䣬컯ؾͱѪˡ
ȥ
ҶСָٴαһĻɽͺء
ҶĹֻӦһ£ѾӦΣѾȻ
ʱأȫӦ䡣
Ȼ֪ΪʲôͻȻ䱩һأܹв
ǣҪɶԷȥܣҲᱻɸӡ
ʱؿɾͽ˵У׼컯еĳ衣
䣡
ҶĵĻɽ͵رס컯ء
ͻȻ䣬ؾͷһ춯صĲҽ
ң⡭Ը㡭ؽĲҽ
зӰԿһѪѾһգ¶˰׹ǡ
״Ҷ治ɵЦһǵĻɽǼϣʮԸܲǿŹ֡
Զλս鼫ȻսһԲٿ޼˾ʥļӳ£һɢſֲϢ䣬һ㼯кܵشж޵ء
ҶҲǺͣ֡
ָҶȵĹ£컯صĻ֮һһı١
Ϣ֮ʥޱȵĿУޱȵĲҽУصԴһ䱬


2708 ־ʹ

صԴ䱬ʥʧϵѪɫһɲʾ
뿴һ컯˴չҶ棬˻ӧ
û뵽תۼ䣬컯˵Դͱ䱬ˡ
컯˶ԣ䱬ʵδӰѾûеͽʧǰˡ
в컯ˣԪķʽµġ
ͬʱ컯صĲҽУص񹬷ɳ֮صԪޱȵĿҶ档
һˣȫҶˣ
ҧгݵţֵµĶȴ˿
ܹΪ컯ˣս飬ḻ˼㣬״ʱҪǱѿ֮Լ֮⣬޶ٺô
ʥӣ
صԪתסʥȣҲôվ͵һһɫСɳͰصԪʥȶա
һĻҶֻЦ΢΢˻֣׼
һɲǣٴһһձݸ֣յɫС𵴳ȵ
³ֵصޱȣĶҶ棬ǡȡ
ݣ
ɢſֲϢĺɫ䣬ԼҶӧȫ߶ɫԪʥȱɲǣͬʱźص񹬡
֮һֵģһ׹⣬һСлԪףһء
˾صУͻȻ¶˳֮ɫ
ƥ˺Ԫ֮ܣʱʮ񹬾סҲòȥ
ҪǣҶӧɫԪġ
Ȼ컯ˣɫԪ飬ɫԪԪ˺̫ˡ
ҶԪΪȻ̫ࡣ
˵ɫԪڻɢҲԻˡ
˵ǿɢ޾׹⡣
˲Ϣ䣬ؾףѾ˾
ûκĿܣ
ʥӣ
ͻȻ䱯һͻȻȼ棬һǹĴϣֱ񷡣
ǹ֮յΪ֮նŤ
ã̫Ϭҿסˡ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷɫһ䣬Ժ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫľ
Χһռ䣬Ҷ鱦Ԫ˼صĿռ
ֻû뵽֮£ͻȻͿʼƴˡ
ƴ֮£ǹϢ鱦ԪܲסҶɫ䡣
ܹʰĵҲʹȻ
ΪĵһʼûжȫһʼͱȽҶ档
ʱ鱦Ԫܲס֧ǹƷ鱦ɱܼ֮ǿ
һʼ֧ǹҶߣҲҪ޴Ĵۡ
쳷Ҷһʱڵֱ֮ӸԪˡ
ͬʱ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪһƺߣҶԪһ
ͬʱձݾ飬ȴþȫʥȰǹâ֮ڣͬʱǹĶâ졣
ʥӣΪұ𡭡
ͬһɲǣʮ䡢ҶӧԪҶĺ鱦׹޺µֱûصԪ顣
ԭҪǲƴʥȣһ¡
ʱʥˣ컯صϢһɲǼͳɢ

ʧǹâʧڿռͨǰɲǣʥʹı
ҶĸӦУһ޷ݵİɢĴ½֮䡣
ͬһɲǣһһĪ׺͸УҶڡ
Ҷһ
ĻӧҲһƺͬķӦ
Զɱ컯صΪ׵䣬Ҳͬʱһ
ؼһĪǵڣǵϢΪ֮һ䣬ӵʵؼĳֶƺӵˡ
ڷţҶ滹ںڣһǿ컯˷ˡ
лᣬСɵĻǻСٺô
ڣҶȴˡ
ɱĺôͬһ㡣
һɲǣؼĪҶڣҶоأȻһ㡣
ͺǸһ˵ľ͹ϵĸһ㣬ԿĸУ֪ĸС
֮ǰģޱпյطһɲǣƺ١
һޱĸо
ͺҶĹϵһһ
ֺôܶʱֲǳڶԣôȴ޿ɹ
ԺսʱطҶһӵбơ
ܲһ㣬ǻٳɶ֮£
ƣֱ
ҶҸоҸоӧЩҳĴ½ʱоޱȵɬƺأȻһĪų⡣
ֱڣҲûжٸƣһսͻȻ͸оĴ½ⷽأƺѾҡ⵽ô£
Ϊʲôһ伮֮Уûмعһ㣿
ӧϲҶҲɻ
Ŀǰȥɱ컯ˣƺдôܹõ־ʹ͡
ǣҶ浱ڻ磬Ҳɱλ컯ˣΪʲôûеõ־ʹأ


2709 һֱԹ
Ҷ浱ڻնɱλ컯ˣ־ûнƵʹͣڣ콵Ѫ꣬ͬ
Ҷһ˼⣬ͽ⵱еĵĲˡ
նɱ컯֮־ķӦҪ컯˵йϵ
ӦǷֱڵ컯أֵķǱ컯ˣ
ڻʱҶնɱĻ컯ˣǻ籾ͻȻϿɵ컯ˡ
ԣҶնɱλ컯֮׵콵Ѫ꣬ͬ
ҶһںĴ½նɱ컯أںĴ½־ԣߡ
ԣնɱ֮вսˣҶ桢ӧҵ䣬ܵ־Ľ
֮ԺҶҪնɱһֵ컯ˣǻõ־Ľ
֣˲ϢҶͷһ
֣δڸֵ伮йأҶʦ½Ҳûκָ㴫£ƺЩͬѰ
ԼԼ䣬ҶƺһַͬѰĿԡ
ŨŨıζ
水ҶĲ룬ħ彵֡ٵƺҳıӰӡ
ֻǣĿǰҲһ̺ſֲıĲѡ
û뵽ȻʥȸˣǺһˡ־ϲù󣬻ӧ͸ŨŨĵĺΡ
֮ǰĸ׻Ů飬ĿǰֻҶ棬վҶߡ
Ҷһˣܹ췭ظҶصĴӪĴ½Ҫӧ׾١
ԣֻܰҶҪ󣬺ݺݵĿˡ
ǰӧĸ׻Ů飬壬Ҳ峹˺
ֻҪһսĵʥȫɱͿԡ
ʱ򣬻ӧԱ˱ҶҲʧ֮ġ
Ի֮ǰĹϵԣɣҲ˺
ͿԼҷԲȴҶҪվҶߣֲ˺ѹ
ڣʥȵ룬һжˡ
Ժ󣬻ҪСģ˵ʲôʱͻ
·ģʧʵҪСұıײκδĶġ
ʵʥûл룬ҶҲᰲ±ߵ˷һλĵ롣
Ҷһλ鹬֮УҪ峹˺ƤڻӧҷԲĿܣǾԲֵġ
ֻˣԼҶµѲ˾Ҫǿ飬з֣ϸԤ
ˣӧϿʼŶԻõķŬ
Ȼ˵鱨岻ȫҶ棬ҪÿԼ
̽鱨̽ϢҶµɱǿ̫̫ˡ
İɣз֣֪ͨǵģ˵꣬ҶЦŵ£죡
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һսɻġ
һսĽɻ񣬾컯صĴָ
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컯˵ĴָȱװǳõĶҲֵơ
գҶӧзǳֱķߡ
еĵ컯صҶ棬еĴָصĴָڣȫӧ
˫ǽԴϲ
Ҷȴڴ
ЩµħеĸתѪսʿòˡ
ҶµħΪֻܴﵽ۷塣
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õǿߵתɵѪãϿӵнӽڵ
ҶҲǵǿصķţսڵǿߣ⡣
ʮߵӦľܹҶѪþжʮӵеսѪá
ʮȻףûȥҶµĽþŵպ»ս
컯صҶ治оҲתѪá
Ҷ֪컯͵Ѫãջжǿ
Ҷڴ
س̵·ϣҶȴ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ̸ܽ
ŵĽսУԪˣƻڿԽܵķΧڡ
Ҷ밢Ԫ̸ģһ¡
ԪȷӦ컯컯񽫵Ϣ
ҿԿ϶
Ӧ컯񽫵Ϣ
ϢϢ֮󣬾һǿƥ컯񽫵ϢͨĳطС
ֻǣֱս컯񽫵ϢҲûκζ
ûа֮ǰеķּּ£ɱΥ˽ֵ컯ˣһֱԹۡԪ˵
һֱԹۣûֹ
ûУֱ컯䣬ȥ
ۣҶɫѿ
һǳõףһǳõı־


2710 ӡ
׷컯ǿֹ߽ںĴ½ڳֵĽ׷ݵʮǰԪ֮䡣
ǳսôģʱ̫ãѾ޷֤ˣ֮дȷļأǿġ
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һӡħֳɹںĴ½סţʼϵĲʳܵ
һӡȱ
Ԫ֮ʱ컯˲սĴ½һƬң컯ȫ֮ؾ䡣
ʱĴǿޱȣҲǽͷö˵Ҳħܹɹֵԭ֮һ
컯֮սңЩ컯컯Ĵȫ֮£ڣĴ½սķѡ
ݴ˵ΪĴ½ķѡһλ治ϧһд۳֣ס˺Ĵ½塣
ǣĴ½ıԵһ֣ȴΪսķѣǿղ֪١
ҲΪԭ򣬼λ治սԪ֮䣬Ҳս˺Ĵ½ⳡֽ١
˺꣬˳֣Ĵ½֣֮
׷ѰԭȴǵսĴ½Щķѵԭ
ǣԪδ֮꣬λͰ·ֹּ컯ĴںĴ½ڳ֡
ҪԹȥ⣬ȥ磡
ڵʱȴô¡
ڵʱûӰ˵ģܵǣǵʱֵħսħɳ˴컯ˣҲɳ˴ʥ
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Ҳһս𣬽ⲻ
Ҳһս󣬸Υ淨ּ컯ڣԽԽ١
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˺ڣԽԽǿҪ컯ѲӺĴ½ˡ
ⳡɱУԽԽʢ
󣬵ˣΪ״ӵΪߴڡ
һ㣬Ҳʱʱǿһ½ֹ컯ڲսĽ
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ֱرնɱҲûгֻΪԹߡ
ⷢһǳõѶš
ǳҶ棬컯նɱҶ棬һܡ
ʼѡԵִߵ컯˳ܣ컯˳֣ȴܣҲһֿܡ
ȻһֿܣǾѾʼ˽
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£Ĵ½üΣա
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һλ컯񽫷ڳҶҲй¶
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ͽ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪԪ鰢˳ȥ
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫòö˵Ƿգ²ռϡ
ֻҶͷʹǣһΰԪӦ̫ٻı壬һֱûָ
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ҶһֱһŵʥӣȻСһ£ܵõɶôء
ֻǣҪԪˣҪѰҡ
ڽԪ鰢ɳȥҲܼ򵥣û
Ȼ˵Ҷնɱ컯أǶΧԭ
Ҷȫ֣лӧȫ֣ͨ䣬ʮ벽ȫǽ۷Ŀ޼˾ټսһʥʥȫӳ֮£նɱ컯ء
ڶüеɱء
⵱Уش⣬ҶսõôԸԭ
ǣս߿Ҷٿ޼˾
컯񽫡
һΪҶӵжԿնɱ컯˵ʧȥԼ£Ҷԣһѡ
νͷĴã
ԣҶԪ鰢ϱУԻһλ컯񽫡
˵˵һѻƪƭ˵ġ
ų棬һɼ٣ƭˡ
ҶԪ鰢ĻģУ컯رɱǻӧɫԪ⡣
ɫԪ⣬磬Ǻպġ
Ҷ䣬ֻǳرɫԪشûء
ҶԵһԼ
ʱҶɳԪ鰢ԼֻǲԼ̫עˡ
ڿ컯ڲܲսĽʧЧĴǰ£ȴޱȵȷ
佫ʵұ뾡ʵ
ţҶСèֱء
ְѾݵ˾ڵһʱ˻ظ
ϾǰҶ򺣾뿪ʱһЩ޷˵
񱱺ҶԸؾְĴǣǾ˫ֻӭģ


2711 ̽ҩ
£ӡ˴νӵµּ֮ТľչһױԴѪһ࣬ȴʦҪһﱾԴѪ࣬Ȼ㹻
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ʵ飬һȴԼŮĵТ˳
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Ȼˡֻԥһ£ʼ¡յľȻˣǴ¾ͽɴʦŰɣһУʦļƻ¡
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֮ڲͬóҩ޹غֻ֣غ̽棡
ּ


2712 ķ
ԴϴҶܾʊ¡Ҫ֮ޱҪҶǲصġ
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ӻıҶ׼
Ҷ˵´ҵϵӻҪǲǲŹŹ֡
ԣӻ̫ұҶһҲ⣬Ҳ᲻ˬ

Ҷ˴ӻһȭҪǲһţǲɵ
һȭ֮ǰҶ˱׼
ǣҶǳˬģȴǴӻԸԭϾŰ̩ѪΪ
̩һԭĶ࣬ѪӾһսУ붼ˣΪ
ֻǰܾɣϾžų̩Ϊ˧սʧǣսҲûӮö֮
ȴףһսս֮
񣬴ӻȴһȫҰ˳жΪѪԸҶ棬ҶǳĲˬ
ǳķŭΪⴥҶĵߡ
Ҷһˣ˫ǵ˵Ѫ̸ƣˣҶĳЩҲܴ
ԭϾžų̩һҶʮΪӻȴĺԸҶ档
ֱ
ŭĽǣҶ汾ķֱ¡
ǵļ֮Ҷ侲
ҶףҪֱ£ִ£ǻдӻȦס
أϾǴӻ
Ǵӻпܼ̳дλ£صսϣӻĴ
һҶִ£ϾͻᱻϸָҶ½ѩƬһ㽫Ҷû
ʱҶ˵ǾˣҪȽԸժΪ鷳
ԣ֮ߵע£Ҷǰµ·Ϲһ䣬ЩʧУҶתǰ


2713 ֮־
£ոյϢҶ棬ˡΪľʦͿһʱ佫±
ӻЩϲֶΣǴҶҪҲò˶̵ʱڻתأ
ļƻһҲܿʼ˰ɣ
·ģ̵ʱڣʵ̫ұƷȻҶ̸еĳ룡Ϳ˵
ţãпܣҶͷ׾͸ˡӻ񲹳һ䡣


ҶתصϢɢʱҶѾ
Ǳ޾ء
ԭ׼ҶĶ棬Ҷڵĸݲ衣
侲ңǴ׼ж֮Ǳ֮ء
׼ж֮Ȼһ̫ȨͷԴٵģֻȨûˡ
Ǵ׼ܹͻƵ컯ǾͲһˡ
ǬȴͦҶһ£ү˶˴׼һְ
ҶֻҪתأҲݼλүӡ
Ϸͥ䣬СӾ͸ƵģЦҶ档
׼һǻϢеġ
ˣ
ʲôˣҶȻ
ϷѾǴ׼ˣԺҪƺˡ豭̵Ʒ
СУĴ׼
ԣ̾һʲôȴֲ˵ֻƷ衣
׼裬Σ

׼˵ͷ֮ǰӿⷿȵ裬ζһƷֻ裬ʮ㣡
ȹҶȻ
Щ꣬һֱںȣأΪ׼ÿһ̻ж֮󣬾ûˣã֮ǰȵģ̫ˡ׼˵
̫ˣʲô˼
ʱͣ͵ĿռָţЩӻռ裬˼֮Ҳˣ
˼꣬ǰѼ裬ûꣿҶȻ
ͻȻ䣬ҶЩ׻ˣΪʲôֱӹر˶Ųͨ
ܵ磬˼궼û꣬ܵǶôײУ
ܵ겻ϧʥ磬Ϊ𣿡꣬Ҷ׳Լ⡣
ֻǿҶһۣû˵ʾҶ
ܵ磬ǲĿģ־
ûҪƹӣҶʵĺֱӡ
⼸죬Ҷһֱ˼⣬ȴĲǺף˳̴׼࣬ʶĹ㲩Ҷһ𰸡
Ҷᵽ־ĸ֮󣬴׼͵̧ͷҶĿЩԾ
ѾӴΣǵ;˵
ǽӴˣ˺նɱһ컯ˣڰǰҶûκα
־Ľ
û
ʲô
֪ܵ磬ûⷽԭ򣡡Ҷʵ
У
ĻشҲֱӡ
Ϊ˻־Ľ˵꣬Ҷ͵ҡͷԣߣӦòõ־Ľ
ǽǸ컯ɱˣҴܵʥܹռǸô棬ǿ־һڲ컯ˣҲõͷ˵
ΪҶȻ
ܵΪǹֱģȻҪ־
ΪΪʲôЦ˵
ħأ
ȻҶʵɽֵģǰ໹ˡ
Ҳ뵽뵽־
Ͼֻնɱֵ컯ˣܻõ־ĽƺĴ½Ŀԡ
ΪȻһ㣡Ҷ˵
ֻǻɣû֤ݣʵ˵־ⷽ棬ȷʵռţ˵
ôһ᲻ҪһͳĴ½־ǰأ
ҶĻð͵վ˼Ϣ֮ȴԭλ֪ϢûУ
ҲֻһƲ⣬Ŀǰˮ壬塢ѾڸҲڱս壬ҲᰲݡҶ˵
Ϸ㣡
̾һһ᲻һͳĴ½־Ҳ֪Ҫһ㣬ѣѣ
־һ£¹ش
ʵлᣬնɱô࣡
ף

ʱ֮ҶӰǱ޵ľ뿪뿪ǰҶԺҪ
ҶЩ㵣Ϊôˡ
󣬰ĽͣȴҶֻܵͷӦǡ
Ϊ˵ӽչأһŬͻƵ컯
Ŀǰ࿴δֻͻƵ컯һĻȨ
һԪơԸƵ½컯
Ǳ˰࣬ҶһΣ;ֱǰ
֣ҶһεҪĿġ
ֻϴ֮ټ֣ҶЩӣ֪һ仰Ӧô˵أ
Ǹлػ˵ʲô
Ҷ滹ûм֣ȴȵһˣڼܹ㳯
Ҷǰ·ϣڼܹ㳯ġ
λܹܣҶҲշˣҲôк
вĸռ㳯񣬴һһҶǰ㳯
Ҷܹܣ
Ҷ棬λڼܹ㳯⣬о͸һ˿ϲϣ


2714 ʾ
Ҷڼܹ㳯Ĵкйоأʺһ䣬˹ٳƣ̸пⱣž롣
ҶǺʱתصģ
ջûã
ҶǾسūͲˣūּҪǣ
ڼܹ㳯ּ⣬ǱȽҪּǽּݲһ㡣
ڣ˴׼뼸λȨҲǳֹˡ
˼֮Ҷ֪Ȥûжʣ͹ֵͲ߶Ŵܹˡ
ǣ
㳯һڴּС̫תߣȺС̫㳯뿪ʱһС̫·ҶߵʱֻһҶĻͶһ
ҶϱŵЦ⣬ɫĳС
ֻ֣Ī飡
Ŀ㳯Ҷüͷȴǽ
С̫ġĪ顯֣ʲô˼
ʾָ㣿
ҶǸС̫༴ʶҲûκιϵС̫ཫݸٷ֮㳯ָʾ
ڻʹڣΪڼܹܵ㳯ЩС̫࣬һĴڡ
ǵȫ㳯һ֮䡣
ܱ㳯ųĴּ̫У϶㳯š
ңҶѲ˾ѧֶΣϿжϳöʾеۣ¼ڲᳬһӡ
֮ҲǸո̸㳯͸ǸСָ̫ʾʾ
ʱ⡣
е㲻㳯ڼܹһޱȵ硣
Ҫʾ㳯ȫøֶʾֹ˲ִ٣
ͻȻ䣬ҶĿڸո̤㳯ߵһݲϵ̫ϡ
㳯ߵ̫൱УΨһһ㳯Ҫϼֵ̫ࡣ
̫༫ϢȴҶһʶĸо
ָоУ޾ѹ
컯ͯϢ
Ҷ͵̫ϵϢʹ컯ͯϢе
˲ϢҶʶ׵̫࣬Ȼһλ컯ˡ
ڼܹ㳯߳һλ컯ˣ
ۣҶ͵صһ
ͬʱո̤λ̫࣬ƺӦҶĿעӣعȥҶ¶һζЦݣ
Ҷӵɻ
֮ڣڼܹ㳯Ҫһλ컯
ȻǲҪ
λ컯ʲôģ
Ϸ㳯⹫ʽĴк˲ִ֮ʾҶ˲ؾʶӣ
컯ˣ㳯ģ
ʊ¡ѵڼܹ㳯
ᣡ
ʊ¡ڼܹ㳯ô㳯Ͳڼܹˡ
㳯Ȩ¡ڻʼԣһūҪһ仰ѡ
һɲǣҶɫ䣬Ȼ뵽ʲô
ʲôʊ¡ò㳯ּȴһ컯㳯
Уֹ㳯ϵ׺񣬶ڼܹ㳯볤ֹһ׽˾֪
ԣΪ˳ֹΣ˵ֹĽģֻڼܹ㳯ּ
㳯볤ֹϵ׺컯㳯
ʵҪԳֲ
óۣҶɫȻࡣ
ʱҶȻף㳯ʾҶʾֹʾ
ڣѾֹ͵㳯Щȴչһ˿һ
ֹȴЩ࣬ʲΪŮԵ빬Ч鸸ź򸸻ҩ
㹫ʣʰһ£һˣ빬ź򸸻ҩ
㳯˵ͷТĿɼֻǱ岻Ľÿһ㣬ūǵȹһɡ
ãʰ빫һᣬţȥʡź򸸻ҩֹҲǼС
㳯ǹʽЦݣЦŵͷȫǼУ˵ת֮ʣ۽ǿ·Ҷûн
Ȼżˣ˼Ҷ治ûи˼ɣ
ֻż㳯Ҳû˿ϣֻǾȺţŮϵɶϡ
ͻȻ䣬Ҳ
ˣ
Ҷˣ
ҶȻλĵһְ
ҶһͬŴк
λλջصȥμˣɹ£ϣλ˽꣡
Ҷ𣬴㳯Ķڣ㳯Ϊ֮һɡ
Ҷһչ鲻̫Ӧø˼
Ҫ޴ûף㳯ºɱҶĶеġ
ףܹܣǣ
ڵҶɺܹʽ㳯һк㳯˵⣬Ҷ˵ͷ˵Լ⣬;ֱڵ
㳯һĻû˵ʲô㳯ߵλ컯ˣȴĿ¶׹⡣
סĹԷأ
İˣʢ뻹ǹ鹦ڴˡ㳯俴ŭ컯˵
ˣҲܡ
ǹɣϷѾֲ֣뷨ȥʹ
㳯ġȥʹ仰컯ûƢ
Ȼ컯ˣ̫࣡
̫࣬ǻūѣ

ֱҶ棬ҲڼڼһӦ׼빬ĳֹ


2715 ˽
ôˣͻȻֵҶ棬ֹЩ֮⣬һУĲ
ͺһ֮ìܴûзһ
һУԭǱӦõĿ
Ҷ֮ǰеĵǣһɲǶɢ
ҶͷͻȻ͸֪֡
ϢľһôҲлл㣡ҶЦţһ֮ǰЦһ
лл𣿡ֹЦſҶ棬֪Ҷ֮Ľ٣̶̼仰֮䣬Ѿɢˡ
Ȼֹ
Ǵ˽ģҪǴŴ˽ˣҶͻȻһ˵
ͲҸʿͷ
£Ҷɻشһ
ֹڿ˲Ծɻģˣ
Һ棬һ㶼û֣
ô˽ȥҵıˣҶ˵
ˣ㣡ֹҶһۣ˴ҪȢң㹻ĹѫȥҸȢң
ԣҶЦʵѾ㹻ľ
ֹüͷһЩš
ħڶʮһоܹܽ۵Դ
ҪǲټħʮԴ
⻹ټһʮԴһ컯˵ԴӦ㹻ˣ
ֹ۾ԽԽ󣬶Ҷ˵ľҲǳ𾪡
˵Ҷݾóȥ˵ȢһλǷһȹҲ㹻ˡ
ȻҲ֪ôôģôʲô˽Ҳףֹɻ
ڲ˽ԺûлˡҶЦ
ʲô˼ҲףֹȻ
һҪʲôҶ治ʡ
ʼگҽΪò˼ңҪңȥоסһʱ䣬źҩֹʵ
ôȥ
Ůչ˾òĸף쾭塣ֹҶ˵
ԣҶЦţ·յ˵ʾݸ˳ֹ֮󣬳ֹҶģ
Ҷʵشóֹü
ԣ˽õģ߾˵ҽˣҶ˵
ֹ˼˺һᣬ͵̧ͷҲţ
ʳӣ
֪ģ飡
ң㲻űˣѵŲܹ˵ʹ֮УǷĵĹ㣬һܹܣҶ˵
ֹʮָһңȻڽ˽ս
ԣǸ˽ɣţ͵ǱҹˣҶס˳ֵ֡
˿ֵ̳֣԰ףȻĳЩܴ

Ҳţֹʹҡͷ
ҪƭԼˣԼʵѾˣҶ濴ųֹȥ˳ϵˮ
Ϣ֮󣬳ֺǼᶨĽִҶұҪһ˹
㣡Ҷ͵վе
ϾҵĸףڲУŻѪǰһ̽ӹŻѪ
ȻܹʾҲȥһۡ
һףʱŻѪŮģҪǾһ֮һӶİġ
ģԣұ˵ֹüᶨޱȡ
ֹ˿̵Ҷ֪ûκȰϣˣǰҲС
Ľǲһӵħ
ʵһ£Ӳ֤ʵ鿴鿴Ҷ̾һ
һҪۼŻģֹᶨޱȵ˵
ðɣ
Ҷ֪Ȱ޿Ȱֳ̹⸡֣תۼ䣬һ̹ӨӨӾͳҶС
Ҷ泤ֹɣм¿ڵһʱϵҡ
ʹԷУǴκλģ컯ļ졭ֹЦ
취ߵϢȻ£
ҪȻھͽ뿪أҶ˵
ԣֹüһ뿪أô˵Ϊֳˣţ
ԳֹƵĿ⣬Ҷʱ;˫ֱʾ䣬ȻҪ뿪ϵ¡
⻹࣡
˵ֹ꣬ʹҴһ񣬻ӡҶ棬ȻˣҾͲˣ㴦ˡ
ģ
֮󣬴Ҵʰһ³ֹʹŮ㳯ʾھͿԻعʡ
㳯䣬һɲǣ絶һĿҶϻ
Ҷģ㳯ĿǵӵĻҶ˿Ѿʬˣ
ҶֻܿЦţĿͳֹ㳯һ뿪


2716 ʦ
ֹ㳯صػʹ֮ڵһʱȥʊ¡
֣ʊ¡Щ԰׵ϣһ˿ĪЦ⡣
ʊ¡壬ֹȴۣû˵ϼ仰ʊ¡;ҵĿ
ûãڴڵѪڿӿ
ȻдʦҩҩδΣʊ¡壬ûһ˿һĺתж񻯵ס
ʊ¡ѪֹȴǼֱᣬǼм佫ڳʊ¡ڣҲûһ˿һô
ȴĸӦʊ¡״
ʊ¡ڵľиǸɿݵĺһѾûжˡ
ԳֹΪ裬Ҳףʊ¡Ѿûжʱˣ¸ġ
ڳԸʊ¡̷ҩʱʊ¡һĸųֹĳ
֣һӣŮڶ࣬Ψ㣬ȴۡġ
λ㣬ȴŮ֮ǰΪѾļޡȿȡ
ʊ¡ٴξҵĿֹȴǿţʊ¡Ŀƽ
ʣ㲻Ҫ˵ˣֲҪʲôλûҪʲôֻҪܺ
ʣŮϣһˡ

ֹĿߣʊ¡һ˿̣˿֮ɫ˲Ϣͱĵ׳ޱȵ嵭
úӣҲ᲻뿪㰡
ſڲ࣬ͷһֱһĻڼܹ㳯ûһ˿һĲĵ׼䣬ȴһ޷ݵʹ࡭
ֹڶźʊ¡ҩֱڣȥ
ֻ뿪󣬲û뿪ʹǻת֮ǰڻʹڵľԷ
֮ǰּ⣬ڳԷһʱ䣬ǰȥʊ¡źҩ
Ҳڳֹ뿪ʱ򣬸ոճ˯ȥʊ¡Ȼٴ˹ûãͼ˴ʦ档
һУʹʦˣʊ¡˵
·ģ

òصʱסĳԷߵһһ빬סʱһģһóֹΪп
꣬·æʊ¡żԷ㳤ôһСᣬΪĿʱ⣬ÿһÿһΣֶǵ
ʱٿֹȴǸ˸С
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Ҷʾ㳯ʾҲóֹޱȡ
ֻãֹûΣ
빬֮󣬳ֹźҩڣȫǸŮТһ˿һΣգ
˵ʵΪֹֹûиӦһ˿һΣա
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ҲӦҸᣬ㳯һ£׳ʲô⣬㳯Ҫ˽ޱȵʾ
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ʱػʹڣлŮڼԳȥκ֮ǰ׼
ڼܹ㳯Ĵڣ֮ǰûлûּҲֻܵȵ빬
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ּڻʹ֮ڵ⳼д󲻾ն
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ʊ¡ҲȻּ⡣
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ڼܹ㳯ʾԭ
ֻǳֹãûףʦܹô
Ϊݣʦ涼ܽô
ɻţõֹһ֣


2717 ҩ
ҶصصϢǲ˳һء
ҶصڳǵݹûãһıݹͱͥС
ȻҶжš
ϾҶܱѾۼһС壬Ҫ򺣾ԭϾţڵĽ١˾Ҿ칹ɵġ
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дҶ͵ˡ
ʱ˿̣Ҷ濰Ƕꡣ
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ʦĻĺ⣬óֹȴԽԽ䣡
ʴʦҸ֪𣿡ֹʵ
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Ϊ˸ԪٶТĸ춯أؽΪҿģ
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µԸףոջȰףȻҪҩ
־޴óֹʹޱȡ
£㵽ԸأǲԸأʦ


2718 
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Ŵʦ棬ͷڵѪĳֹԲģһ̽
ǰĴʦ棬˿ȴʯ䲻һ˿һĸ顣
У
Ϊʲô
ǹ˱£˵˴£ԱµʴȣȻùҩ
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ûʊ¡ĵͷ׿ϣûʊ¡ʦȨٸߣҲ޷ڻʹ֮кС
˵ģڼܹ㳯һأ͹ˡ
һУֻǴʦ˵Ƕѡ
ģλ߸϶ĸʣ
ʦô˵Ը벻Ը⣬ѾûκˣʦʹűҩඣֹŴʦĺȵ
¹Ȼϻۣ
ޱ̾һʦֵֻϣܹԸá
ǹܹԸպԻᴫһιТĸ춯ءȸļѻ
Ըأ
ǴˣԸͲԸ⣬ԳԣĽûκ𣬹ȸļѻɻ
ԹҪģȴǹ̡
ǹԸĻ̣ܶ࣡ʦ˵ĺƽﻰвȴ
ƾ㣿
ֹЦһɱƾն
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˵䣬ʮǿޱȵϢͻȻڳԷ˷ʮǿϢߵ̺컯Ϣûдֹһ˿һĿ־壬ȴóֹĸʹ
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ִܻܹƴܣĿɲѪ
ܹͻƵ컯ģһ
ԴܵԴջĶࡣ
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ɽХһ컯ϢֹشЦȻʦҪǿǾ;ɣóһЩϰɹ
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״ʦȴ¶һ˿ʹ֮ɫüëһ
ΪʲôͲԸأ򲻵ѣǿ
ҩٳɹԺԶǹµģ빫˼
˵꣬ʦ͹ϵˣ빫˼ԸʵǹáҲΨһѡ񣡡
ʦˣԷܱߵʮ컯ˣȴû뿪
û뿪ǵͿֲڳԷܱ߽֯һƬܲ͸޵
ʱ˵˳ȥκӲǵļӡ
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ˮóֹӵĲ԰ףҲóֹϵѪɫʵĸɸɾ
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ģ㣡
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Ŵʦ滺ҡҡͷʊ¡˲ؾͱŭȻԸ⣬ǰˣ


2719 ϴǧŵϢ
һҹ֮䣬ͨܵҶϢܶࡣ
صĸţʲôĿˮʣҶûκȤ
ǣһϢȴҶĪļ¡
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ÿһλ빫յ˿ͣ͵ʱ򣬶Ƕһˡ
ҪǣеĻ빫֮ɫ԰ףһĵһԴ
ߣӡ߻ӵˣ˵ǵʡ
ӹȻ˽ػʹڶûжܣ˵ЩɸһĻӹ
ʼ¡ͬʱʮλӣʮλͣⱾǷͬѰһźš
֮֮ڣ̱Ͳ澫Ѫҩ۸ǣЩ˶ϻ
Щ鱨ҶȻжϳЩӹǣڽһ֮󣬼˶ھѪ״̬
Ϊĳ֣ǡǡ֮Уȴ֮һڣϾͱ˻ʹסĳԷܱߣǿ컯
Ҫ˵ûΣգѹܡ
ҶȻףִʱ˿̣ѾһּΣյľء
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ҶϵѲ˾ţûҵ˾ԤõȴѲտĴ𰸡˾ͻȻмȥˡ
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ԣҶͻȻ̾Ϣһ֣˾Ҷ𣿡
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𴩵ľտһҲѿҶʵ֪ˣ㻹
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2720 ӊ
˵ʵӻֿȡ׼ݣ֮ؾȡ
Ҷԣ̫ұԭϾŰ̩ĵӰƷἰӣڱؾȡ
̫ұעҶϵļ֮һ
ͽ͵ҶߣʱҶ滹ֻǳֹĻӪУξѡ
Ȼʱ򣬽עѡ
ڴܻ˼꣬ͻģǾǾԲὫŵһ
˵ģ˵̫ұңԣһܵܣͻԭֵټࡣ
֮ԭĳһλˣҵĴҲᵹùҵѪк͹崫ȴϡ
ع壬̫ұˣһȫ
Ȼ̫ұ͵ҶߣԭעֻǴ뿿ųֹŴѡ
ҶⱱӾǲע
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ʵڲȻ
ҶǲȣҶСС壬ʱͻֱ
ӻǰ˳̫ұҶģ˭ó
ҶҪǲܣԺ˭ԸΪҶЧ
һ򲽣Ҷ治Ҫص¶ԱӰҲǼ
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һ޷ӻԼ죬ϽѵŹꣿ
οҶ㵱ֵܿ
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ӻʰ̫ұ飬ȫʵʵ֤
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Ϊһֶľģȷʵ̫ұ
ģĹԱѾˣͿ˭ùˡ
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ȻһǧƷʯ̫ұһõģҪһãͲˡ
˾µĹԱͷ󣬻Т˾Ķȵȣ̫ұõԼҲǰʮƷʯҡ
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ڴܣ±ߣ嶼
ֻҪó㹻ʯѱūͷΪܵͨƽ
ǣ¿ļ룬ߴһǧ˰Ʒʯа⳥һǧյĿ
Ŀɱ̫ұҲò
Ҷ棬Ҳ㾡أó
ó֮ҶıְʵƿصĳҲתˡ
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ڰƷᡢаؼҵﱲҲ̫ұࡣ
ϣѾκһĿΪǱ쾶
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֮ӻϣѾҶġ
ٴӱϿġ
ҶѲ˾ĹϵҲ޷Ϊ⼸˷
ҶոջתݹûãŷͨԻʷ
ҶԪ˧һ棬ǹѵģҼҵ˵ˣҶԪ˧ӢţҶԪ˧ΪУԣԵԪ˧
ͿҶʱ㣬Կóʮĳġ
ɣȴҶܷС
ҪȻͷ⣬ⲻҪҲա
˵ɣʲô
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ҶԪ˧ǿ˿Ҽһµܼ򵥣ͷʧٵƹ빤ʧĴڻ
˵ͿͻȻЦЦ˵ģص㣬⣬Ҽһ»ҪʮѲ񽫣Ѳԣ
ȻҶԪ˧ԸҼһΪҼһ¾Ի㡭

κθŭ߳Ϳһ¶ޱȵЦݣҶԪ˧Ͳ࿼ǿ
Ųţٲھϸ壬ɱҶͻȻͿЦ
ݵͿǿб򶨣ʲô壬ҶԪ˧˵Цˡ
С꣬ŲһԳԭΡ
һɲǣͿԥתţҶ涼Ѿݺͳװûκ˼ˡ
ߊգϷˣ֮£һʧȥյʸ񣡡
Ҷ뿪ͿŲ΢΢һ٣ٶȸˡ
ҶķӦȫԤ֮⣬̫ǿӲˣ
ֻǣǣҶ֪Ǻġ
Ǻһ㣬˴ӻ֮⣬κˣ
ԶȥͿҶһĿԵγˮ
Ҷ濴óЩƹ񡢹ǲƻӊ񲢲̫⡣
ӊģʮѲ񽫡
ȻӊĿ꣬ҲʮѲ񽫺Ѳԣ
Ϊҵϵİȫ
񣬴ӊȻףµҵϵǱҶµľѲ񽫺ѲԸ˵ˡ
ŵǲŵġ
ҶŵԺ󲻻ٶԴӊµҵϵ֣ӊҲŵġ
ҶԼҲŵġ
жˣԣ
αԼ½ҵϵأ
Ǿͬȵ
ʮѲ񽫺Ѳԣ˭ԸµҵʱҪ˼


2721 ةŸ
ıȻڣӊͿĻر֮Ц
䣬ұƷİӣشоҾͲ
£ǲǶҶȹˣΪʦͿڽһҶ֮󣬵һ˲ͬ뷨
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ȹ
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ģӊûҲûзƢ
ѱҵĶ֮·ȥɣ
ѱʵ£˺£ͿЩɻ
»ȷӿ϶ù㲻ùˣ֮󣬴½Ǽ˶֮ţͬػǲͬ⡣ӊ˵
ΪһϸĻţͿܰݵû׷ʡ
ףӊ˵Ϣ²ϢԴ侪ˣϢ侪ס

ݹڣͿߺҶһֱڿ˼
ӻĿ꣬ǱҵϵٱҶ߸
ҪʮѲ񽫣Ѳ϶Ǿ˼֮ġ
Ҳֻµҵϵõıȥ⼸ûκġ
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ʵϣӴӊµ̶ӽħڻ뱱֮Ҷӊ֮䣬ѾûκκƽĿˡ
ݹڣҶһ˶˼ϣһʮ֮
ݣȥةฮ
ʵǹ֮以മŵһʾ𾴵ôأʽﱾ
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һݳܲܽةฮĴţ¶˵
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˵ܵĹ弯ŵĴˡ
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ةάϵ弯ŵ档
ʵ۲Խ磬ǰ裬ʵҪ̹ˣةһٹپӣǻʵۣҲҪԱ
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ةˣҶةҶȢֹ£


2722 ˺
ҪȢֹ£ҶĻةŸ鲻䣬ǶŲ֣ȴͣ˰С
㣬ЦſҶ棬ŮĽ֮顣ҶԪ˧ֵӢֹ꣬Ҳֵഺ껪ҶԪ˧ݣȢֹҲʡ
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ةˣҶȻҪȢֹ£ȻҪñ
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ةŸЦҡҡͷ²ͬ⣬вͬɣҶԪ˧Ŭ¹Իñ֮Ȣֹ¡
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ةŸѹͲ˳ҶĻߣҶ氵Ϻ꣬⻰˵ģǵˮ©
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Ƹȷʵة޹أȴλةйأйأة˾Ͳһ𣿡ҶеĿף̯һĿڡ
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˵ɣ㶼׼ʲôƸǱ²ŮԭƸ񲻺ʣϷΪһ
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л֮Ҷóһ׸ߵľУľɢѪζةŸٱӳ˳飬ҲúüǿƥϢֱҶ档
ةˣħڶʮһоܹܽ۵ԴܲƸ񣿡
һȵةŸҶ仰͵һľ̽һۣɱ˽ۣ
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󵨣Ҷ滹ûб꣬ةŸپĶŭ߳


2723 
󵨣
ŭ߳һةŸİ𣬡¶ĴԹߣ
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ȻˣҶʹǱةˣҶѾѡֻ̤·ΨһĿˣة֣˵꣬Ҷߡ

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˼УةŸٵüͷȴԽԽԽԽϾ


2724 㳯鱨
뿪ةฮҶͷһһŨŨС
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רҵ飬רҵȥ


2725 Ը
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һ뿪ʮ컯˵ϢͽԷģ


2726 ʮ
ţһ˿ļܿ죬һҩˮȾ˿õһַǳҲǳַܵ
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£^ɫһҶԪ˧ǾоˣɾҪˣ
Ҷ^һҾף£ʵʵ˵˿˼
£^Щ벻ˡ
^֮ڻӣΪףҶ֮Թ޳Ҷȫû
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ͷ֮Ҷٴ˵ҲµûνʮӶʮӦָɡ
Ȩڱ֮ƣƴѹȥʱ䣬ʮӶ
¿ֻҪȵ죬µۼλÿЩ屲ȹλãʱǵȨȻع飬ǰ
ʮǰɣҶʵ
ڴʣ^һԲûκᡣ
֪½طأ¾Ͳôˣ
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2727 տְ
Ҷ֮ǰĻΪģȥɻ䣬^ɫûκα仯
һҶ˵ʊ¡أ^ɫͱˡ
۹Ȩô࣬ʵ۶ռ˼֣Ǿͻټ֡
֮ǰݵԭ򣬵ʊ¡ƴѹȨ
һʱѡĺãֻͷԿ
ǣЩҲǳصģĺúõġ
Ϊ¡꣬˶ˡ
ܵĻʵۣ˸𼸸Ӣ⣬ûгһǧġ
ǣܻУЩȴȻʵҪ٣һԪܹﵽǧꡣ
ԣϻʵˣ»ʵۼλʱЩ¶ʱ
µȹ̵λҪǣڱֵǣȨıϿ϶ϻʵ
ʱЩȨƲԾԸʤǰ
^ʵ뷨Ҳѹʵ뷨
ǣһʊ¡أǾͲһˡ
κһ飬˵άֻ꣬Ҫһάָʮ꣬ͻΪ
ʱ䣬ݵĶҩ
һǵûüʮ꣬ĳ׵ûˡ
Ѿϰû̫ڸеʱЩûжٴڸˡ
ο¡Ϊ˼ȨڲϵĴѹȨơ
һ߳꣬Ǻ^ֱ
ʱǻΪʵļʱʱƵһ
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ǼأҶ˵
˵ʦ棿
^ʱޱȵ뵽࣬˵ʦڰ¡
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⡭޲Ҵܻʵ껻ôܻ¡^ǲ졣
ǶħսߣԭݳɹȫûԪ˵ӢƺУĲ࣡ҶǼ
^ͣⲽص˼ţΣ̧ͷȻ˵ƺܲ⣬ûκ֤ݣ
˵ɣ˵ôķϻҪʲô
֤ݣҲУ
^۾͵Բˣ֤ҪΪ¡ص֤
㳯ռӹԴѪ£ӦŰɣҶ˵
֪ҴܹȵۣǰͳԹطԪûá^˵
Ϊȱҩ
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Ҷûኪ^ĴЦƽޱȵ˵Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪóҩΪء
ǳȷʵзǷ֮
ֳ߻Ѫ֮⣬ʥŮУ컯֮
óҩϱض֮Ҷļ㡣
ԣ^üͷٴô˵ʦطƺЩ˵гɹĿܣ
ɹжҲ֪ǣһǳɹأҶĶ^˵
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ڴ󳯻ᵱԾȢֹʱ򣬻֧֣Ҷ˵
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ԣҶЦˣǾºףҶдλµ顣
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һ֣Ҷ뿪
Ҷæ
ϿɵļΪ¶վһսϵҶ涼Ҫһˡ
^һҶױš
֮ϣܵİλ˸ݵԭd֮⣬ˣվһսϡ
κһλԸ⊪¡λѾʼȨĻʵء
¡ٳɹǽЩجΡ
Ƶĳ뼸^ױţҶ࣬ٷĴ࣡
ȻˣҶһһݷ꼸Ȼǰҹˡ
תݹҶ棬ȴѲտסˡ
ҶѲʹҺסҶľտ̾һĳ˽ύǴɣοһ֮ݻλ
ԣ£ְڣұϱ⣬㽻һ£һݷλΪ£
û취˭Ѳ˾أ
ðɣѯңϣѯʱ䳤һ㣬ѯʵ֮ϱ£ԩҡҶЦ
ѯʱĳ̣Ҫ㣡ҵְ𣬾ǵóϸĽ֮󣬻ϱ˾ˡտ˵
ܺãһľܵϸҪһʱ䣡ҶЦá
ʊ¡ǵ֪һ֮λ϶衣
ԣϢʊ¡֪ԽԽãǺ糯֪֮
ûãҶ͸žտѲ˾ţ


2728 Ǭý
ҶѲ˾ųѾǵڶҹٽʱˡ
ѯҶϸ̽Ҷͳʱ򣬿Ҫˡ
ǵһôѵѯʡ
ʲôޱϸżʲôˣʲô飬˵ʲôȵʲô裬õʲô豭豭ǺֲʣҶ涼Ǳһ
ƫƫҶ汾ҲѲ˾պնԴѲѲʹƽе綼ûضʹ
ֻܰš
ҵǰһһҹ֮ڽˡ
ڣǻϢ
Ҫ֮ǰǷԭʼѯʰ
ԭʼѯʰѲ˾صռ䣬Թպģص㣬ϱѲտ
գѲտǲٴϱ
Ҷݹݣܼİݷã˾һϱģΣҲʊ¡һ䡣
νС޴
Ѳ˾Ϊ
Ϊʵ۵ӥȮֻҪҪעġﵽ㱨ȼ飬ȫȥͿԡ
ôôãǾλ˼ˡ
ΪѲ˾ˣҶѲ˾ڲĹغ̡
Ҳػ
ּӹ󳼵óĻƣҲõڶϲܻ㱨˾Ԥ
Ȼ˾Ԥڴ󳯻Сټϱ
ʱ˿̣ʹѾѿʮ𼱻߿췭ظĴ£˾Ԥǲҹġ
ҶĿȻﵽǴ󳯻ᡣ
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Ȼ˵Ĵ󳯻ѾһĲãδʤǰܡ
Ҷת֮󣬻ҪĴ㡣
һӪʧܣôҶҪӪȵ׼Ͱš
صݹ֮󣬹ܼѾȺһ
үةฮڽġ
룬ҶϾ͸ϲɫֻһ仰׼Ƹ
ةฮ
ةŸѾҶ˵ˡ
ةŸٵİҶⳡӪеĳ룬һЩ
ʤȻڣ
ǰû֮ƣλة֧֣ʊ¡ǾҲóԱ
ڲһ
һΪľʱ򣬾͸һһеĵƣܲһ
Ҷþ׼

ܽ߰ʮʮգأ󳯻ᣡ
ҶݹͻȻڳĶУû˵ע⡣
ڴܣ̫ˡ
ȨԾĴڣҲǸòŻڳϣ¶ʾһ´ڸС
żм֪ĳӿҶĿ⣬ʹżּ֮ɫ
ӻȫԸˣжã
ο¾Ȩ֮ʡ
Ϊһ˵ӻպ̳в˴λΪ¾ֵܣպҪλġ
˿ܵ¾պһλʲôǰ;ԣ
ЩԱǵĸ֪ޱȵ
ûãҶܱߵĹԱԶҶ棬ҶڳһԵĿռ䣬Ҳȷıǵ
ҶԴֻ΢΢һЦ֪ԶǴĵˡ
𣬹ԱǿʼֳǬ
ĳһ飬ةŸλһλһߣȻϳļλͷˣڣû˸վǰ
ֻǣյĴ󳯻ᣬһֻλλȴڳһӡ
Ҷǰ߿馵Ӱ겻黹ǰ馣ȴࡣ
ľ飬һص
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Ӳն٣ĻӶıǰ˰깤ȫţ߻ˮйȵȡ
˵ˣǸϵѾվӵĹԱǣΪԵźơ
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һһƵıѡ
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ʊ¡ܲŹ֡
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ةŸǲ϶صոǬʱ
ڴܣ˻ʵۣܻᱻȥְ𸴵Ŀܣȥķְ
ǵةŸ٣һĹԱܴûгͷ֮ˡ
ةŽةŸܱߵĹ弯ǣûгͷ֮ա
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ةԣҲ⡣
Ҷĺ˼ң͸ÿˡ
֪ة࿴ļҵŮ¡˳ʵ


2729 Ƹп
֪ةҶ濴ļҵŮ¡Цţ˳һ䡣
ǷǳּҶ͵رĺɼҵģȢϱȻϽطޣʱѪҶĳû֮ǰ鷳ˡ
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˵ѣĵˡ
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ħоܹܵͷ­Ǽѵá
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ϣʼ¡ץŷֵָ͵߬˼


2730 
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ʊ¡ľȻĴǬȺɨ֮ʱ˳
ة˴Բӣ˾¾ҪһŮǱеĹ¶ʹ͵ģΤԲӾᵽʥ⡣
ةŸֻǴܹ弯ŵͳγлȨةࡣ
ܳϣ³ֱҽ֮ǡ
ʊ¡һʾ⣬ϾгةŸٴˮ̡
Ҳʊ¡ĸ֮
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ةŸٿڣҶȴǲˬˡ
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ҶĿһĿȻɱΤԲͷһڻʵۺô೯ǰȴ붪ӡ
ǿŹŲӵ˵еĹʹ͵ģ
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Ĺϸǽµ˾𣿡
Ϊɱ򺣾ǰսһսһֵܣ
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㾹ȻС
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ŭ䣬ҶһֱӽΤԲӸ߷ˡ
󵨣
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ǬϵĳȻż˴򣬵ҶºֵŹȴǶһݡ
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Ҫɱ˵ָ״
ΪҶ۵ñ㹻㹻أ
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ΤԲӼˣæ˵ڵأֻһʱ󣬲ûӾ֮⣡
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תۼ䣬佫վΤԲӡ
ԸԸ⣬ᶼվάԼȺеλã
ڵصΤԲɵˣֱ̱ڵء
û뵽һӭʵ˼ĻȻ
Ҳɵ
˵ʲôԣǲӾ
ܹǣȫǿҵģӾǵĸ
ǰߣǧʿ໿ˣͼնɱнþһӡ
Ǵܴʱս֮ʣҶһòһˣ
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ʿǼо飬һȥжΤԲӵ°ͣʱΤԲʧȥ
ϢǬ⴫һҽУһʿľ̷һ׼ѪζǬڵϢøӵѹֳƣҲʊ¡ɫѿ
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ʱ򣬾ʊ¡ǬٶˣѹҪȡҲɷҲǴܵĹأةŸ٣Ҳ岻죡
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2731 ѷ
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2732 ƻ
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2733 в
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2734 ·
һ׵Ĵ󳯻ᣬɢȥҶȴûš
ȻЩûףⳡζУҶĿȻﵽˡ
νԣ
Ȼʵ۴Ӧͻˣǵ乫˵ôͱضһ
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֮Ҷ沢ûڵһʱȥ˾¼˴á
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2735 µĶԲ
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Ĳ²ǶԵģô˽Ŀǰķ


2736 ѵʹ
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ΪҶΪڴʵ۵
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ͻأģһӡ͵ߵڼܹ˶ϡ
˶Ҫˣ˲ͽıϡ
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ͬȥֳͬȥʣջֵʱλڼܹܵͳ׵ʧˣ֮ǿ־밧
ūһʱ죬תۼ䣬λڼܹܾû۵ġ
^ջ˶һۣͬʱҶ档
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ʱλҶ棬ڼܹ˶ڻʹôȻλðţҲῴɫ
ʱҶ氧ҶүūϹðҶүҶүһ⣡
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һĻҲڼ̵ʱڲ˳򣬴أ


2742 尾ʱ
ڼܹһְƷײߣڴܵƷƷԱȴη֮绢
ԭҲܼ򵥣Ϊڼܹǻʵۼū
νҲҪˣĳ̶ֳ϶ԣڼܹ˶ūʼ¡ڡ
Ҷ˶˶һνһתһȦ֮󣬲Ž˻ʹ
ӱϽҶ潫ʼ¡һٴδžž졣
ǣҶ˽һڼܹ͵ʼ¡ǰʱʼ¡ָڲȴ޷Ҷ˰֡
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˳ͷūʲô
ūߣն
ڼܹ˶ūӣ϶ʼ¡϶ԣеĻ壬ӡ
ոջӭȢֹʸҶ棬Ҳǻһӡ
ôλڼܹ˶ľٶū
Ȼ˵ˣܵ˹ܶ࣬ҴڼܹܵҶǶһ
ռūĴ壬Ҳǲڼܹܵġ
ûҶĵҲûҶ湹湲ͬ壡
ԣ^Ͷջע£ڼܹ˶ģٰҲûκô
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ʼ¡´ɱʱҧǿ죡
ǣڼܹ˶ͳ˴̵һλڼܹܡ
βһ죬ūʾڣ
˵ùһλڼܹˡ
˶ˣʼ¡ȴûб
𿴽ɱδܹ˶ʵǣȴʼ¡ϣ
ҪȻҲ˻ܹҶ档
ǴȨһĿϣλҶһµġ
λͨƻȨӶﵽźͻָԼȨƵĿꡣ
ҶȴͨƻȨȳֹͬʱԼ
£Ҷģʵεڼܹ˶һ£ͳΪȨ޵ı־¼̵ʱڴء
ʹڣȱľ̫ˡ
Ϊ̫࣬Ҳһץһѡ
ڼܹ˶ʼ¡̵ʱһµڼܹܣͯº
̫Ⱥ壬ʹһȺ塣
εڼܹͯºû˶ĸλʱš
ݹڸЩɱؼʬʱ򣬻ԹݻһҶ棬̬ǫ֮
֮ǰ׷ν㳯һ£ʹɢˡ
׷ݹؼǱҶɱˣǱʼ¡ɱˣȻҲûˡ
ⷢӣʰδܹ˶ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣҲҶʼ¡Ҫȳֹľġ
ĹģˣȴҪһһľȡ
Ϊǿĵ۹ܣҪһλǼ䷱ġ
ĳ죬Ҳ꣡
Щνĳǣǻʼ棬ҶӿӼġ
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ϣ֮ǰվҶߵͶˣҲٰæ
ʼҵлġ
Щ£ǿЩ£ǲġ
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ԣҶڳζӭȢֹĻᣬֻڶʱڱ֤ʼ¡ܶԳֹ¶֣ڶʱڣȷֹİȫ
ֻҪһ첻ʹһΣյģ
һѾֶεĻʵۣʱܼ̤νĻʵۣΣյġ
ֻҪֳ˻ʹתҶİġ
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Ҷո񲿵ɣȻκκɫ
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ԣҶֻܴӵλȻ֡
ԣڻڵλȻΪܻ峤ļ¡Ӱ쵽ԡ
ȷֵİȫһϣλȴҶ滹Ҫż
ȻǶڳֵǲôġ
ǲóֳΪʼ¡ҩʼ¡ٳɹ
Ҷ淢λԷȥԣԸɴߴԼӿ½̡
Ӽǲܵģغʼ档
Դӿ죡
ǣλַը£СϣϱƣƣȢ漧ȣݼ
֮Ҫӳֳʼдǰˡ
౾Сٿ֮ǰҶ֪ˡ
Ϊǣ̣ӦԺˡ
λĲߴ٣һǰµʱѣԺ׾ҵ˺ʵɡ
ֻǣϱ֮Ҷ¹ײ
ܽţ
౾ɶ࣬ͬģʼ¡Ϊֵĸףкܶɷ
ƫƫϣλڳϾ޷廰ˡ
Ϊʱ¡Ǽմ峤ԵǼ
ȫûλķݡ
һܾҶֻĵٹˣ
ǣҶ⡣
ȻҪȣͽӳԷӳְɣ
ʼ¡ӦˣӦĺʹ죡
֮죬ľȳֳ
쳤ֳ֮ǰҶ尾ʱ⣡


2743 㻹
һҹҶԣǶꡣ
ÿһ룬Ǽ尾
Ǭ֮ϣʼ¡Ե౾Ӧ̫ʹˡ
ʹ쵽Ҷ涼벻ͨʼ¡ΪʲôӦʹ죿
³
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ǳĽţ
Щ죬Ҷе鱨ϵоƶԪ鰢顢̫Ž⼸˼ʮϹǣεĽ
ܻʵ۵
ܻѪ߹һУ䷲˵Ĥ
ͬʱҲгеΣ
ܵ鱦
Ҷ浽Ϊֹֻõһ鱦ҲʮԪ챦顣
ҶõʱʮԪ챦飬һ״̬ӡֱ꣬ǿǧ꣬Ԫ
ʣµʵ˵һ룬֮һûС
ҶΪʮԪ챦֮ǿܹãĻʦŵ
ܵĻʵۣƿصȴ鱦
鱦ǲһġ
˵Ǳ鱦ʮԪ챦ǿ󣬶һҵ־ٹ£֮£ϵڳɳɳ
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ͬһ鱦߲һɳļΪǿ˵ѾεĻŮܳƿصġ
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ңܵ鱦ʮܹ˵֪֮ɳ˺̶ֳȡ
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£Ҫƿ鱦Ҫ޴Ĵۡ
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ʵǻʹڵλͼ̫࣬רҹ˾ʱռйʹ⴦õһ
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֮Ҷһô͡ӳԷһ㽹ĵȴǰȥˡ
ȵģŴ̳
Ҷģɤۡ
Լʱֹ̳ݴػʹʻǸոʻҶͳȥ
һеҶǰҶݹȻȻͻ㣬ǰƣڻܡ

ʯͷһҶƿУŭ쳣Ҫ˵ʲôȴһЦЦʱʹһս
ΤԲӿɻûء
УҶͿ˳֡
ûҶ¶ϲɫҶһ֣ôˣ
еĳ֣԰׵ûһ˿һѪɫ˲ģƺûС
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ѪıԴǺʲ
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Ҷ˫ĿҲ⣬˿ֻ̣ҶףЩ쳤ֹʲôӡ
ʱʱ̣̿ҪԼ׵ĸ׵ҩõʹв£µ鳹ʹࡣ
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ԣֹȴǿ޵ĸˣޣ޵˺ѷΣ


2744 
ʦ£ָӣ֪ʦҪ֣
ڣбϵʼ¡һŴʦ档
һٵټʼ¡ȴʦش𣬾͸һ֡
ʦֻ΢˼һ££ֻԸֹҶ棬ЩѾˡ
ʦʲôϣ
£ԳֹҶΪߣȥŵҲ̫࣬һٵټѾԶԸǡ
ֻҶʵÿÿܼÿÿо֮٣֮ǰͱɲֹһλ
ǰսУնɱ컯˵ս
ԣ˵ϣʵʣ
ʵأʦҪ֣
£һףʮ컯ˣټķӦоųɵİգʦ˵
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£±仯޳ʮȫʮؼ䣬չһɲɲı
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ʮ컯ûκ⣬ֻ컯˳֣Ľֹ컯ڲսĽִ񽫡ʼ¡һЦЦŴʦ棬˵Լĵǡ
ʦҲشֻǳʼ¡΢΢һЦ˾ͶȻȻء
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֣Ҷֱһɱ˵ĳ嶯
һߣ˵ʮαԴѪʱһαԴѪԪ𣬶ϵıԴѪԪ˲˵Ϊһ½
ΪֵֹΪϢڻ½С
Ȼӵ½ˣҶ濴ǳʥŮУ̺컯֧֣ͻԲ˵ΪҲ͵䵽ˡ
һֱ
³Ѿ˺üѪһҡ
ǸԪʥƷʱҶֲ汾ԴָȻӱ˵ĽǶȿе˷ѣЧǺԵġ
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ҪˣԸġҧгݵҶ棬סҶ֡
Ҫҩ֮ʱҾȻֻʼҵĸףʮαԴѪķָ
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ҶʹĽӵ뻳УĽġ
ܵĹأǰҪڹۡڵġ
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Ϊڻʹԣһ֧ԶǻȨҲ޷޼ɵ¡
µĴ׼չ鲻ǻȨӵġ
ʱҶѾЩʼ¡Ϊλʹķųֳˡ
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ȻʮαԴѪΪҩôһʼʱʼ¡ΪʲôףһһҪҩ
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󲻵ѵֻܷųֵ£˶ΣʮαԴѪ
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ڳֹʧԴѪˣ˵ǰ£ǰ꣬Ҳָ˶١
ǰҶǿԳУҲ볤ֹӡ
Ҫˣڴܵ񷨣Ҷ淴ܳֻҪУҶضӣжʲôʼҲõķ
ԵģҶóԱչΪԪ鰢һֱóֽڡ
ĳֶԣʱռһõط
Ҷڽ߾ȫı֣ǳԼʵǻָĻκҪԳ֣Ҳǲ׵ġ
ʥŮд컯ɲǰ׵ġ
ڳԷ֮Уʼ¡ΪҪʮ컯˷ԷΪԭ
ʱռٱʱ򣬰µʱ䣬䣬ɾʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ټҶ澫Ѫĵر㹻ָֻˡ
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˭Ҳ֪Ǳ޵ĳֹֻǸѡ
ֻǣУ־͵ͬһ˿ţҲֻԶԶĿš
ʦ»ת֮󣬽ʳ˴澫ѪԴҩ֮󣬾ͱչǱˡ
ڼܹͯºڴʦǰĳ
һڼܹܣǰһεڻûйһͱɱεڼܹͯºĵͲǺ㡣
ΣȨƺִƻʹ㳯ԶˣԺСģ̬ŵĺܵ͡
Ǳޣţ˵꣬ͻ˻֣ǸϲӬһͯº
ˣѹûжٺøС

ۿ֣ٽյʱռˣҶͷǿʯͷˣҲһ
ҶͷĽţȴûл١
볯
ʼ¡Ϊ٣ȻҪŮΪҩ޲֮¡
ѰԴȴδʦ
ˣʼ¡εĴʦҶҪٿǰ뱲ҲͰ׻ˡ
飬ҶûҲˡ
ҪȻ浱λةŸٵˡ޲ɵӰ
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ǿжûȨȥ˴׼Ĵ׼һְûжٹͷĶ裡
ʱ˭Ҫٷֱɣɵˡ
ң೯УһʦҲǶ
ֻǣûпôܺһֱԵġ
Ƕ֣
ǵˣ
񣬵µʦͻȻͳ˴ܵĴʦ
ⱳ壬̫ˣ
ʵʵǵһ


2745 սѪ֮·
ԴҶΪͻƵСΪﵽ֮Ҷһ´ȥõĸо
컯ĴڲΪԭ޷սҶָо
Ǵɱʥʧܡնɱڰбȵ컯֮ҶͲΪˡ
ִϢ͵ˣֻȴ֡
ʼѡִ
ͬʱֽķɾǺˮڣֻԽԽԽԽɡ
ҶƺѾպ컯ںĴ½ս龰
ָоȻģҶ;ԼΪˡ
ʱɺʹеҪҲ͹˳
ǵĻ˧ĴУʦ½ĴУͻƵϸļغ͸־鷨š
ԣҶͻƵǺ˳ģΪ
ͻƵٶȶԣȴҪĶ࣬ʦŴеĺô
ǣΪͻƵ֮Ҷãˡ
һĻΪط֮⣬ҶûͻƵķ
ΪֹҶҲֻ֪ͻƵ컯Ըء
ȴ֪ͻƣԸͻơ
ҶΨһԸӳַţǴɳ˾ġ
Ļ˧ĴУҶõĺȫõеġ
ǣĻ˧Ϊֹ컯ԣĻ˧ĴУûκ컯Ľܡֻǻ۷ʽͻ֮
ʦ½ŵĴУ϶컯ͻƷʽ;顣
ΪʮǰĴ֮ףⷽĻ̲ġ
ǣҶĿǰõŴУֻһ֣߲ûⷽļء
Ȼʦ½µŵĴвȫҶ滹ûõ֡
ŵĴУȫռ䵱С
ΪֹҶֻǽķݽǰ㡣
һŵĴУҲĵطռУҲڵڰأҲڵھء
Ŀǰԣطݴ򿪶ңңڡ
ķʦ½ĴµģķµţʱˢѾɶˡ
ԽԽǿ
ռĵطѾǰδеǿҶԼȫǿܹؿռݻȥһ㡣
Ҷǰʧȥǵ컯ͯࡣ
һҲҶ԰֮
ֻǣ̶ֳȵȫҶάʮϢ֮ڵͻĵ롣
컯ܹͯϵĹؿռݡ
Ԫ鰢Ĺƣ컯ͯڵƵʣҪһ꣬ƿؿռݡ
û취һڵؿռڴʱӰ죬컯ͯΪռ䣬ڵ޷ʱĲ䣬ҪѲʱָ
Ҷĵطڵ߶ԣһ겻ʲôڵľƺҶԣһ̫ˡ
ңؿռҲһܹõʦ½µһŵĴС
Ҷе㷽
˼ȥҶҵ˼Լʵķš
һǼˮˮԽǿҶĺˮͨ塢Լɱ֮ٵԽǿ
Ǽطܹһǿޱȵطսͻɱ
Ǽĥ
˵ˣ컯֮ʵҲǸߵȼ̬ѣҲ컯ǿԭ֮һ
ľõʵĲ࣡
㹻ǿǿ컯ġ
أˣ
Ҷ̶ȣͨȻû취Ҷ̫ʵˡ
鱦Ҷеĺ鱦һͻƣǽҶս
˼࣬Ҷȷʵܹս
һȻǺˮˡ
Ҷڷ߲֮ԪɫɫͬʱԪҲǱǡ
֮ǰҶо޷Ƶıǵ״Сĺˮ꣬˴Ŀռ䡣
ͻƵɫ֮ҶҲ֪ˮĳɳͿƼ
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ܾӪôĵص׳Ƿ󣬻ޱģԲСģпܴ
ʱ֮ҶѾԭصףӺĺ˵ȱڴǱ˽ȥ
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֮ǰҶһεĺˮ׳ٶȷǳ졣
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սѪҶܶˣЩǿ湦
ֻǣҶµĺԼԽԽǿսѪ챾ҲԽԽߡ
ΪΪԽͣսѪļӳԽ
һͨ񾳵սѪļӳ£ս׵ķսѪļӳ£սҡ
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һ˵ҶͷͻȻһ뷨


2746 ̫
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ֻһ׻ԹԵҲҿҶһۡ
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ҲڴʱһɷϢĺ˷ΧԽԽ
һеΣϢҶ溮ëѾס˳֣Ҷʱ׼ʩչ·
ǧֲɭֲϢ˷ۼҶëȻǣϢǵĳ̶ȣôȻ컯ϢɢϢȴȵ۷ϢҪֲ
ɲǼ䣬Ҷʩչ·ֹͻȻסҶ棬ףԣҲ飡
ֻҪ飬ԳֹĿĴڣƣҶԶʱ׼š
ص״ڹ߱ãĿǿܼȲ㣬ҶֵϰöҹʯʱյΧޱȡ
Ҷ볤֣Ҳ˴˷顣
ǧɢſֲϢ飬һɢʶĺУһɷųֹ˹
ǡꣿҶ۾͵صɴ̫ʬﶼʮˣôܻڣ
꣡ΪŪмңֹʱжϣӦøʲࡣӦǡЩ̫ʱԹͲʬ̻顣
˵ֹ۾ͻȻͱôӦϼ亱ļǿ֮һ̫
ǳֹɲǣһǧ̫˻ţҶֹɱ


2747 ŷ
ǧ̫ϮɲǿЦ
Щ̫Ϣ͵ģɢŵϢǼڵеǼͷԽϢ̫ӦһϢ˺Ȼ
ȻϾ飬ɢŵԽϢҲ޷ӳϢӦս
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ֻһ̫Ԫ鰢Ͳ˴ΧĻ񣬽һǧ̫ȫڡ
Уָɢ龫ѪϢ飬ڲϵ֣һǧ̫ҲϵĹЩ۳顣
̫̫ʬڵԹɷɣֻɱ¾ıܣûκǵġ
Ԫ鰢һ߿ȥЩ̫һͷĲӬһ㣬ɱ
ڣƽؼһɷ
һɭȻ⣬Ҷ涼޷ƣӳڷɳ
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Ϊʲô
Ԫޣٶ޷ˣܻᷴһǧ̫룬ҵʵѾǳɱɱеһЩȻܹˡ˵
ֵʥŮеطҶ治֪ǳ˵ԪޣȴҶͷһ
ˣһδӻһ֮ǰһֱæţÿ͸㡣
ֵ˫иϲ֮ɫ
ҶһС
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ʮ֮һ߲ãԴԪ飬ԪףԪܴҶ˵
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Ժ˸ɫĳ֣ٴοʼ̫һһơ
Ҷ棬սѪתͣúˮ겻ͣ׳š


2748 Σյķ
ʮʱתۼǳֻҶ棬ӵ˴˾ڸ顣
ƣܹǰҪ漧ȣݼ
ܵļȣֻһû֣֮ļ֮أȴ
һȻصʹˡ
صܵǹͨأŻȥʱݡ
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ѾԴǿ
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µ·һ͵ÿǸ鱨ֵֵˣҶЦ


2749 ʱ
Ҷү鱨Ҹұֵ֤Ƕҵһ鱨
鱨ĿǰҼһ֮⣬֪Ϳš
ҼһϣӴҶүˮˮ߸ĵͿ
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ۺЩ쳯ϷֹΣʼ¡ȡǵıԴѪһ£ټҶͻȻҪȢ֡
˵ǣλة඼վҶߡ
䣬վʼ¡Ķ档
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ʮа˾볤ֹİȫйϵ
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ͬģһֱεϴλĴӻʼ¡ɹǶԣֱجġ
ǡɣǰڼܹ㳯űϴεڼֱܹҶˡ
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ͿǼҡҡͷ£ɽۻĺʱڣ


2750 Ӱħ
ԴǿԶûϹŲԳֹһ˵ĳݣǴԭϹŲ󣬾Ų֮תԴǿݳǵϹŲ
ڴŹǼݣ;ݳʱعԱӭӰݼ·ߵ
㻨ʮʱ䣬Ŵ뿪Դǿ
һ·ϣг̣ڶʮڵִԴǿ
Ȼ˵֮𣬵һγУǼݲûжݡ
һǧٸɫԱԶԶڹеǧС
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һ·ϵĹ͹ԱƵѡ
֮£ҶݹȻڼʿڣֻУгֹǰȻûˡ
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˵ӻϢУʦŵʮ컯ǳųģôҶ֣ǴٶʿҲûʲôô
ЩʿȫľҲûκô
Ǹٵ裬컯˻һս֮
ٵԺܼ򵥣Ƕ⼸ʢԣȴѹܡ
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ǻǰݣǹУҶݹĳݸֹǼݣһǰһ󣬷ֵĺܿ
λŰСҪҶĳݸֹǼݣʮϡ
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еҶ棬ܿյһϢ
ˣܱ߿ռ䣬ǵͬУλİ
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λȣʵΣ
شˣλӦƵʵۣǿ֮£¹˭δ֪İ
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ھϣɵĻʣͻϱضᷢˣһҪӦԡ
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ҲҪҹԹԵģҶһ£ھͱһϱߵľ綾ĵĶ
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ʵʢŭ֮£ȫҶпܣ


2751 ȥǰ
λùСָ߶СͨѶŲ׼ͨصʱȴҶ浽ˡ
ԼԼӦħϢû°ɣҶһͳСʵ
ԣСָĸˣ촽Ҳ˵һ
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ҶһλС˵һ
ŭҶʱҲ˲СżʵӰħٳ˹֮Ӷ
Ҷ⣬СҲ֧֧ĴҶֱš
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ŭһŭ֮ҶˮһѰһ쳣ϢǸ׷ȥ˲ϢʧС
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ȻνɱħսͷмλƲġ
ΪҪҶ˺ƸӭȢֹһ£½֪ʼ¡ҷںΡ

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2752 ûѡ
ʱռУֹһǵĿⲿռ䣬Ȼ˵ʲôǵǡ
⻪һҶתʱռ䣬Ҷ˵ʲô־̾һˣ»ҵЩʿŮд˾ڸĹԱҪùˡ
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ʱ³֮⣬ѡѡĸҶ涨Ŀųֵ
ѡֽҧ촽ԥţκؼᶨһ·꿴ȥȲ˵˿ܸҵᣬ㣬ҲҪҸʴǣ֮Ӱ죬ҿܻԺӰ켫
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2753 ǧ
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2754 µĺ
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һɲǣڴʦɴ󵽷ŭУʦԴͱɽ
ҶɫԪɫ֣ץ˴ʦԴ
߬һֱӽʦԴ߬߬˴ʦԪ顣
ʦԪ飬Ҷ滹һѣܲҳõĶ
ʦ
ʦ
ʦ汻ɱ̫ʱ¾ֵŭ⼸컯ྪޱȵļ
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Щ컯˾еͬʱҶüͷȴ
ʦԪֻǱɫԪһ߬ͻޣֻһϸ΢ޱȵɢסʦɫˮ죬һԶݡ
Ҷɫʱͱѿ


2755 ټѪ
Ժ
󷽽ֹ̤Ľڣһ侲еĴֽϣͻȻϾȾһƬ
ڣʦǻѪ۷Ϣۿɼٶȷٵ½
ڣ۷塣
̶̼ڣʦΪϢһ·䵽˵۷塣
Σʦ泤һϢȶ
ʥ洫ߺ妲֪ʱȻŽ룬˴ʦ棬üͷ
ʦǣ
ѪΪֵľѪһ𡣡Ⱥ妷ʣʦ͵û뵽ǻС˳ֹҶ档ҷֱλ컯˵棬նɱҵľѪ
Ͷ˾ѪߣȻ˶֡
Ҷ볤ֹһʦ֣ҪҴʥȥԸǣ
˼˼Ϣʦ滹ҡҡͷɡھͳʥ»ԼҪı
ңĿǰԣǻĿŵĶʥһƵôؽЧ£̬ʧأ
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ڵļƻùң
˲ǵѪʦ⣬ҲǸ˵˵ԻȻֱȥʹһˡ

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ʱʦ澫Ѫλ컯Ȼ˳ֹܾûǻ뿪
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λ컯һʼƴͱúֲܿ
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ҵǣֹߵ̫ԴԴɱһϾµ̫ǧ֮УΧλ컯ˡ
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صǣһնɱλ컯ˣ뱻λ컯˻ϣʱ򣬲ŽҶⳤֵ֮֡
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һ֣Ѿռڵȴٿ޼˾ʱһӿǧһߣ̵ʱڣʥΪ̳˼ӳִ󣬿ʼ߶޵طмӳ֡
˲Ϣ䣬λܣͱһ롣
䣡
ͬʱҶָɳޱȵĽ⣬ֱλڡ
ǧսλ컯ˣ͵Ťͷ˹Ըһͬʱ̰֮ɫ
Ҳһɲǣλľ޹Ϸ˷ޱȵ·һһö両֣޹ϣһö䡣
٣
λɲǣֹ߶µǧڵ̫ͻȻ䷢һ̫ʱġ
ݣ
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飡
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һɲǣʱµԪ龪ӳ
ѾҶЦһоۼһΣˮͰѪСлԪ׾йһй

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ʱɵɲǣؼ͵һһֺĪı⣬ʱɵķɢ˷
Īıɢ˷ɲǣؼˮһʱѪꡣ
ɣ
ͬ
Ҷ۾ȴ
⻹һںĴ½ڸɵںĴ½컯ˡ
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ͬ콵Ѫ꣡
ϴڻնɱ컯֮ҶѾ֪һúôķ죬óһ£


2756 ֮ʼ
͵
ҶĪ߳һٿ޼˾͵ؼӳֵͬʱʼת
עĿģȴǷֲķΪ׵䣬ˣҶԸ콵Ѫ꣬¶˼˷ܵɫ
һȫתеţƵʣҲ˺ܶࡣ
ؼ併µѪ꣬˲Ϣλ伯ˣѪ̺˿˿Ϣλޱȵ塣
һ˲䣬λ߾γĸѪɫУӦģλϢҲٵ
ҲͬһɲǣؼĽµѪ͵һ̶ٿ޼˾бȥ
ٿ޼˾Ͽգ۳һ޴ѪɫУ˿˿ƵϢٵٿ޼˾ڡ
ٿ޼˾ΪϢҲʼ
ǴΪڽ۷壬޷ͻƵʱϵΪϢͻơ
һֻۡ
һ۵һ̶ȣͻˮȻɣͻƵ
£ߵΪһﵽ۷֮޷޷۵ġ
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콵Ѫ̺ȴܹý۷ߵһۡ
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֤Ҷ֮ǰǸ뷨ͬʱҲҶһ仰
س컯
ҪͻƳΪ컯ˣҪȡش
ȻΪ컯ˣҪȡôһ䣬Щͻ᷵ؼ䡣
Ӧ콵Ѫԭ
ʦ㡢硢硢磬
жȣҲԵף
Ҷʱռ󣬴ĹӰʹҶʱռڷɳ
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󣬸һռ䲨ǧѲѲԣҲʱռɳʼ͵
ǣŽλʦϵߵķİһҲ͵
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׼ȷ˵ǻԵ
ͨһһξܹɱĻԵҶȴ´󲿶ӹ顣
ֹһĻҲѪ
Ȼ˵컯˱ɱ֮콵Ѫ꣬ڻʱҶҲͷ֣콵Ѫ꣬зΧġ
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컯˵Ϊͬ콵ѪķΧͬ
򼸰ǧ
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ʱҶֱ컯ĵıԵ
˵λ컯֮콵ѪеĴҶµȫ·ˣ
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Ҳܼ񵽺ôǰɡ
Ǽ񵽺ôɰ֮ϣжûзˣ
Ϸǧİ壬ϷһμʦżеѪꡣ
ҲǵһμǰʦŵļأһɣʹĿʼ
ʼǵһɣΪǣһЦ
һɲǣһ߾Цˡ
ؼѪͻȻͱŨ˼֡
ҪͨˣֻΪѪѡ
ǵǿߵĸӦУѪһ⾰
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һλ컯䣬Ѫٴν£һΣҶԸٿ޼˾λ䣬ͬʱֹͣ˹ȫתٴοʼӶʽúô
Ϊٴοʼ
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󣬿ôãҪ԰ӣ
ֹҶ棬Ҷ˵ͷ
һɲǣǧ⻪һãһͽͨۻ˴֮С
һ޴İӾ⣬һλ컯ˡ
٣ҲҪĶƤԵԽ࣬Խϱֻʺϰŵ㰡Ҳˡ
һΣûжʣֱӽ˴
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ǧУλ󣬳ֵѹټ
˳Сע֮࣬ҶȫתؼѪе̺
ҶǲͬҪۣ


2757 ǿϢ
ǧУͨۻֱ˺һĽʯһļХ·ǧһ͵ɱһ컯ǰеľ޴ƹ϶һΣһ⣬ͺ䵽컯˵ϡ
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ֶˣ
ͨۻʹĺץסԶɽ۵ĵһԶݡ
컯ȴЦߣ£
һ컯ʹź¡죬Ӷݵͨۻԡ
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һգȻһ㳤УǵҪԺĺ⣬˸С
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ǧ֮Уֻƾٶȸ̫Ͽս
ֹ˴ԼϢŵڶλ컯µѪľѾҶĿͿλ䡣

ٿ޼˾ٴοʼȫӳ֡
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ûԸļӳ֣λҲ޷ɱ컯˵ġ
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Ȼ󣬽ʣ컯˵£ûκλˡ
˵ˡ
ǧסλ컯ˣࡣ
ûκģλ컯λĺ£ٴ䣬ؼ䣬ٴνŨѪꡣ
Ҷµһ˵ȣĻȡ컯ĺô
컯֮ѪеĺôҲڴʱ˳
Ҷµٿ޼˾¾ʵսʱռǱô꣬ͻƵģҲλԾ˵Ŀ޼˾ѡ
Ҳڴʱٿ޼˾У½еϢڶ
̶СʱڣҶٿ޼˾еĵȻʮˡ
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Ҷٿ޼˾һǵôλܹһϡ
ʱ²κԸɺɱ컯ˡ
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ҶԼҲڼӽѪе
СģǿϢڼٽӽ
컯ȻһվΪϢִ񽫣
ͬһɲǣ͡鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪʾͬʱҶĵ


2758 
ִ񽫣
õϢҶУһ˿
Ĳ²ԣ컯ڲóֵĽƶִߣѾʼƫˡ
λ컯ȫ˽ʱִ񽫲٣
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Ҷһ£ڼѪеλ䣬ٴι¡
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ٿ޼˾ͨۻԣʦηɰףԼµֲ̣ѹ֮¿š
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󵨣

߳һִŷһƣһҶ档
Ƽ䣬ؼеһУƺߵһȻͳͳѹҶ档
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˲Ϣ߽˶˵ľԮ޴ӡȴǼᶨƵҶ浱ͷ£


2759 ɷ
ִӡµһռ䣬һ㣬еһУ촷ۣȻֻޡ
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һɭȻ׹ⶸشʥзɳһΪģķλ䡣
׹֮ձݾ;ҵţ֮ƾճС
ֱһΪģձݵƻ͡
ҲڴʱִͻȻ͵һգɷ
㡭㾹Ȼգ


2760 Ҫ̸һ̸
㡭㾹Ȼգ
ִŵʧУҵλ䣬ѾϲޱȵĽµռ塣
Ǳ䣬µռͬΪһԴԼռɲǣǵϢΪһ塣
£ǣ
ʮͬʱһλ컯ˡ
ýֹʹ߶ǧλ컯޶һΧڡ
ҪȻȻϬȴһܹ컯ˡ
ҶУҲ¶ڴ֮ɫ
֮ǰλҪɱ컯ˣҪҶĴԸ
һΣΪִڲ࣬Ҷ治ҹı¶ԸҲ뿴µռ⣬ж
һɲǣҶǾ΢΢һ顣
ģһλ컯£һѪ꣬ؽѪꡣ
ǣʮ䣡
һλ컯ˣڵʮϵɲǣͱѪꡣ
֮ǰÿһλ컯ˣҪʮ䲻˵ҪҶԸ
µռ⣬Ȼ
Žʣһλ컯˵Լ汻ɱִŵɫǸӵѿ
Ҷ棬ٿҶǰƮʥɢŨŨս⣬ִžͳĬˡ
βŵ죬Ǳˣ
һҶϵľ͸һ˿ڽ֮ɫЭҲʱã
Ϊִ񽫣·ҷųϢºĴңǱһͲŹ㡣
ʱ˵㣬ıұ£ҲȮ
صвһ䣬ִֶҶһۣΪ֮
Ҳôֻһ˾ƾʧˡ
컯Σһռ䷨Ѿʲôˡ
ҶȴûжǾĶִʧķ
ִ컯񽫵ΪϢҶû׷١
ҵר컯񽫵Ϣ׷١
Ϣ֮󣬴͡Ҷĵ𣬡ˣλִ񽫣ȻԶ룬Բ֮ڣκ컯Ϣ
ҶֻһȴûκζĶֻһڿ޼˾ʦηɰ׵ˣĬĬѪ̺Ź׳Լκһᡣ
Сʱ֮Ҷĵڣ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪӦ뿪ˣûǱ
õ𰸣ҶͷԶûκжֱѪ곹׽֮Ҷʾһ£Ԫ鰢Ϣĳ
еãһؼ䣬ϢѾһǣ֮·һУλ컯񽫣Ҳ뿴
ҶҲСĵ˼£
Ҷϵܲ٣ܣǽ֪ʱǲ֮֡
ҶǷСģ
ʦηɰס̡޼˾ͨۻԡ顢Ŀ½Ҷʱռڡ
ΪսĶ࣬ҪʱһС
ֻ˫һǧһգǧһ˻λ컯Ѫ
ΪѪĹϵλ컯Ѫ̺ǲ࣬컯˵ľѪ
մȾ컯˾Ѫǧ飬ʼ
컯˵ʬǣȻǹҶġ
컯˵ʬǣתħŵѪãٺò
սս˰˰飬ҿ
ʣµĻֲ˵ҶҲס
ڷҶ߲֮ԪΪɫԪ飬ԪǱǣܹӦֿƵ
ԭص׵ĺĺ˵Уһշǧ̫飬ǧ̫ףԴԴϵĲս̫飬άǧ󷽴
һսҶ֮£üõ˷ֱ֮£ųɹնɱλ컯ˡ
Աûˣȴʧ˰˰̫
⻹˵ҶӽƵԸ͸ߴǧΣ
ǧԸһͨ컯Ҫ֣ǧԸʹǧĲ˯
ǧԸУһӳָλ䣬ɱ컯˵
һ룬ȴҶִų֮ʱȫעʥ֮ڵġ
ҪһǧԸע룬ʥڳ˯ҲϾת
ңһĹ̡
ʥתЩλһֱŬ
ǵգǵǵĿЧҶ
ʱգһгޱȵĿ⿴ڴޱȡ
Ҷףڴʲô
ҲڴʱʥڵˣǱĴʹɣǲǿ̸һ̸ˣ


2761 
ÿһǧԸΪĵһʹʹɲ
ĶҶ棬Լƽ
ʥϢĪİϢţΪ˵ռ⣬ʱʱ¶ͷҲҶ棬ˣɫ䡣
Ҫֻ¶ϢÿһǧԸ˵
һΪҪʹԸءҶЦ
ԣʥЦ̬һ۾ܶġ
ΪʹԿóԱûһ㾴η֮ģģã
ԣǸ̸ʵڵĻ
ȷʵҪ̸ʵڵĺáҶЦʥԻӰȴüͷ
ǣбŵ֣ʵڣԸҲʵڣ
̫ˣ
һһٵԸÿҪʱҿٳһٵԸҶ˵
̫ˣ
ҡҡͷһٵԸԱûжջ
ԸҲûж٣²Ը⣬ǻǾ˯ĺá
ҶҲҿѾ˾磬ҪȻҶ˲˵ķӦ¾˵ˡ
Ը٣
Ц𿴱ڳ˯飬Ǻġ
Ϊնɱһ컯ˣϵԸ͸ߴٵΡ
ԸӦúܶ࣬ΪζԱģ
֮ǰΪ˱Բòóѹ׵ĴҶ氺ͷЩƣ
ҪΪ˱ܲóأʥϸֳӰͻȻЦ
ܣ
ģӦܵвЦ䣬ϢϯҶ棬ȻҪҶ֡
ĳֹʦηɰ׵ɫ䣬Ҷȴɫ糣Ϣ˻㶼û㣡
һɲǣϯҶϢ˵ҶǰɲǣʥͻȻһͺƵҶǰסϢ
ϯϢȫйʥϡ
ʥڵͻȻͷ˾ǿϢٴγЩǿĵϯҶϢ
ʥĹ⻪˼Ϣɢƽ
ʥϵӰͻȻ˼֡
㡭ʥʲôֽţӦŭ
뻢ıƤ֮ǰͻ˩һӣܱȫ
ҶЦ߳Һ䣡
鱦׹޶شҶԺɳ̵׹УһһСлԪ׾ʥйȥ
СлԪףҶǿˣǺʥϣֻʥһ£⻪û̫ı仯
Ҳǣʥļ֮أǿ컯꣬˯Ϣ֮£벻ǿѡ
ΪϹȻѣȻԶԶûлָӳ֮£ѹҶСлԪܹġ
׹йУҺΣ
ҶȴƵǲ֪жԱģ
׹⣬Ȼ˲ʥ屾壬ȴֱܹйʥڣ˼
һǲУǾͺһǧǣһǧǲǾͺһǣʮǣֱ䵽㳹׳˯
׳˯ĸ֣Ȼɫң
ʲôҵģ˲ңȴܳϵµ˵أҶЦţ׹޵ȴǸӵϬ
ʵҶ⻹
Ҷȫţ֮£ۣ֮ٴ߶׹ޣһ˲Ϣµʮ˵Ҳһϡ
ʱò̫ãܹ˯
ʱ̸УҶ治뱩¶ɱﵡ
ҶԣҶȻ뻢ıƤҪͻ˩Ϲӡ
Щطˮĥʥ壬Ҷλ˩ϵĵһӡ
ֻҪ벻ʥУԶ޷˺Ҷ棬ҶλĽУڲ֮أ
׹޻δõţǵڶû¶Ĺӣ
ڽͷ붯ǰҶ׼˹ӡ
ҪȻҶҲҴ󵨵ֱʥעһǧԸѳ˯
ҶţܹϹʱɳΪĴڣԲŮ
෴ģһ˵Ĵڣ
ҶҪû׼ôһѣ
׹һһСлԪ׵ĺУӦԼոѵڱɫڱˣ


2762 ܸ
һٵ̫ˣĵģټӵ㣡ڣʵĵͺ
Ϲʱһԣֱһ裬ǰУҪﳼҪɱ¾
ĵּۻֱۣܡ
ҿž磬ҵλսҪȻ»ᱩߣ
ΪҪġ
Ʊǿ
ҶȥΨٴγ˯һ;
һѾ˯Ĵڶԣ˯Ѿֲһֳͷ
Ǹûʲô
Ѿ˯꣬Ѿˣ
һٵΣһζûУҶһָ⣬ҼǵµȺʤʱһҲͷõһǧԸɣ
˵һֵܷһǧ˰ٵΡŭڵʱʶԼʧԡ
ⲻ͵ˣµһһǧ˰ٶΣôԸҶֵ̯
Ϊսڶ࣬õԸǲһ˶̵ġ
˵һ룬ͻȻЩɺ˻ֵ˵ҲգһٵξһٵΣӽԺҪ׼ĸյӣ
Ȼ޷ҶõԸʹ⡣
λսҳϣʣյĵӣ϶Ҳһģʱӳֵ
û⣬ҪһҶ˵
ҶҪüͷٴˣҪôߣ
Ҫ֮Ҷ˵
ǾУѧͿԣָҵ˵
Ҫƭңֻƪȷʵȫƪȴûܸ٣
ûܸ٣ûռ⣡
Ҷ˵ĺ档
ҲҶ˺ܾõ顣
ҶȻûлʦ½УԪ鰢鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪҶʦ½ĴҲ˽⡣
뵱죬ڡʵ൱
ɱ֮ԣŸ࣬㡣
һǿһǿԲơ
κһң£֣ǾͲһˡ
Ҷһֱڿ⡣
ŶˣǻõŴеҶ棬ô죿
Ҫ¶ƾŵĴУܶù졢ڡںһ
ҶʹԪ鰢ҲʹʮԪ챦鰢ԪǸĴ𰸣Ҷǿɬ
ǲܣ
Ҷ㽫ŵʦŴ£ҲǶģ˵鱣׳ȡԵӦĿܣ
õ֮ҶԼжϡ
£ҶҪѰԵԲŵĲ㡣
䣬Ҷ涢ϵĵһԵ
䣬жмء
ܵ׷Ѱ
£мܣѰ꣬Ҳͽϣû֮
ֱҶ潫ʥͽ˾ͨλս飬ĲִС
ڣͬһƵĲѧĻصصо
м˾õĴ֮صע⣬ʼоĴ֮
صо뿴ǿ䣬ûдģƹĿܡ
뿴һ䣬Ƕκε˶ԣһѡ
ҲΪصойأо֪Ҷ볤ֹҶ֪һ㡣
գصоĽûдģĿܣĴзʽر
ͬʱصҲ˽ۣλս鴫µ䣬ȱܸ١
ûܸ٣޷Ϲ֮ʱյռ⣬޷գ޷̳ɷ
ȱռ䣬ɺǿȴҶĿꡣ
ˣô꣬ûռ⣬ռ⣬µġ
ңռ⣬ǵռ⣬ҲǼ׳
ܹɱ¾׳ٶҲ˼£
ܸ٣
Ϊλߣһʱ俴ҵλս飬й¶Ϣ
ܸ٣һ߻ܣ֪
ҡҡͷˣӦòᱳ
ܣ
ûٿǣ˼ľܾ
һһܣڵжᴫ˵Ǵһˣ

ҶЦЦǾٵȵȰɣӦ
ٵȵȣЩ⡣
һɲǣҶֽʥսռ䣬Ȼ׹Ҳ˽ȥ
䣬һֱ䣬䵽˯Ϊ


2763 ø͸
ʥ屻Ҷսռʧҵλ俴һĻ
ŵΣȻûʲôǵ֣ҶģɵӶܿԾ
ʱҶ潫ʥսռ䣬ҲЩ֪룬֪Ӧô졣
Ҷע⵽λ仯־ͽ˹
ţǲµûҸǵ̸ˣڣ׼õֶҶ˵ĺֱӡ
Ҽ˲ġҺǼ
ʹˣ֪㶯ʲôֶΣҼջձȽʵʣʵҲȽʵʡ
֮սҲԶĳ˯ʩֶΣҲ˯ѡ
üԸȻ̸£˯ûɣ
˵꣬Ҷ̧ۿ䣬أôѡ񣿡
ҶʣλһҲ֪Դ
ҲǿǣǿҶȥȻҲѡΪЧ֮ǰӦһ㶼١Ҷ˵
λ䣬ƴɱһĴڣֱ˼ɱ
ڻռ֮ʵһ¥
Ҷսûнһͻ֮ǰʵǶԸ컯˵ԣҶŸӡ
λ㿴ңҿ㣬һʱ侹Ȼò⡣
Ҷ˵ʲôʱʱռڣͻȻ
ģӦÿһԺԱһָģô㣿
ʱռڣԡ׹޺µеĶſռƽȴв
㱣̬ȣ׼Զ˯ȥɣҶЦûĲ䣬Ǻѣ˵ǻָˡ
ãУ㻺ĻָֻҪÿһʱԻԶĳ˯ȥ
͵صһҶ˵ģȷʵģԸ⿴ġ
ôǴӦǱվлָһ죬Ͳ±ʱ򱨸𣿡ʵ
ָһ죿Ҷǻ﷢һߣȵһ죬˵ҵΪѾͻƵ컯컯
ʱϣ
һϵıһ
һ㣬عЦã־Ȼˣϲ
ȻˣǱʹӦӱΪϵһ죡
컯ܹɳΪ컯Ĵڣᳬ˫ʮ֮
ڴ㵽ʱôͻƳΪ컯
ĿԴ
ã
űȥھͷΪĴʹպ컯ҲһĴԵ
˵ֲ꣬һ䣬һһٵԸ٣սʱÿֵȵԸҪǸԸñǿɲС
ЩʵҪ˵ص㡣
ܸأ
㣬Ԫ鷢ģû⴫κˣ
û⣬һҪռطҶһ
ܱǷɱҪҪȺҪ׵ռܷӳܡ
ҵˣȻʧȥ񹭣ȴԼصķʽսһ񹭣ҲǲչʵҪ١
ôʲô֪Ȼ
ҺôҲôһʹ𣿡ҶЦʼ硣
ҧҧջǴӦˡ
طҿԸ㣬ܲռҪĵرܲƳɹǿɲҵ¡
û⣡
ͺðˣҶٴηųʥ壬λǰ׿ڷҶΪµĴʹ
һУʹĵλǳߣ֮µһˡ
һˣֻдèСèֻһҲû塣
ǣҡλȴ⡣
ΪǵĸУ̷ˣġ
ڣȻҶǰˡ
Ȼ˵ʲôͷȻһ˿ĸо
ô죿ֹҶߣɱ˴ʦľѪָɵλԻʹ컯ˡ
ҸյϢˡֵЩǣ
ҶͷصķȴЦ޼ɵǸø͸
ø͸ЩҶ˼
ȻǼȥԴǿݼȣҪ裬ôأôȢأ


2764 ͼҵ
ػʹڣʦͻȻʼ¡͵Ѿȥ˫ĿУط˺˵׹⡣
ʦʱӦóʼ¡ǲơ
ر£ҲģʱӦǣܣʱֻܳˡ
˵꣬ʦͻȻȥγ֮
ʼ¡ͻȻ両ɭȻ֮ɫô˵޵λ컯Ȼඣ
ܣ˵˵շֱ֮ƣʦٴ°ݡ
һսʧ컯ˣǡܡ־ܹ˵ùȥģ
£ִȻ
Σʼ¡͵ֱ塣
ζˣ
ôܣʼ¡ţִ񽫣컯񽫣컯˸ǿĴڡ
ԷϹΪ̣Ϻִֻȴ
Ϲ֮ǰǸʥеϹˣôô죿
˵꣬ʼ¡ڼܹͯºжټ˾
ص£дռ˾¼Ǽռ˾ʮ࣬δŵĴؼ˾˵˾ࡣͯº˵
ؼ˾˵˾࣬ôôࣿʼ¡ǲ졣
ر£Ϊµݷͬһ㣬괫µȼϬǳټΪݵԭʲƹӦ㣬ԡͯºǸ˵⣬Ͳٶ˵һ֡
ɱ޵λ컯˵ģ˭ʼ¡ʵ
ر£Ҫǹ£λͨս顣
⣬սˣһ֮ǧסλ컯ˣǽ˻ӣд˰ܼ

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ʦĽʼ¡Ŀ⿴ͯº
ر£ڼǰԴǿƺɼͯºС˵һΣѲ˾ɳ֣ؼҲİмӡ
ǰԴǿӵǲС
ʼ¡һЦٴθ׹⣬ʦٸʮ컯ˣ֮ǰ컯ˣһʮ컯ˣһ컯񽫣Σ
һһСźͯºüǶһ£жûг컯ˣ
ʱ䣬µưɣ
ʼ¡ڴĿУʦȴҡҡͷ
£㹻ˣǳȴûµİգɵİնûС
£ֵʼ¡ȻˣΪΣ
£ǸҶƻǰҷֱģսӵСġʦ˵
κıƣھԵʵǰûκô
ʼ¡ǺܼУҲĵģǽʦһ仰͸ˡ
£Ҫһˣһ߾ѪǻܹеĸΪ֮
ʼ¡Ǳȥ˹ͷһĵϣô˵ûϣˣ
£㻹ʱ䣬ԵȣҪģѰһᣬȻ֮ƣһ£ӶΪԪʦ˵
ûȷķ𣿡
£컯֮壬ʵӴ޷϶
ŴʦĻʼ¡˰֣ƺеһ
ʱʼ¡֮ǰλµľ𣬸һ뾡ͷĴĺˡ
֣ôʦͷһͻȻʶʲô
£ϾﻹгֹµʮξѪΪٰûκġʦ˵
ӣʮꣿ
ոջĺʼ¡͵ʮԪкã
ѵΪ˽ʮԪҪǧ𣿡
ҪĲҲ㹻Ԫ޵ĺͼҵ
޲ΪʧǶصĳ֮ҪոʧأҪħ壬𣡡
ʼ¡һĺ߳ôʦƺЩ⡣
ֻʮ꣬ôԸҲԸⱳǹ
һʼ¡ŭģͯºһ¡
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·ģһɺͼҵΣʦ˵仰ת뿪
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֪ͨϱߣܵˣʱһƻֱӽеڶƻ
ôͽеڶа𣿡ʥ洫Щ⡣
ҵؼǻʹλȲˣٲϣǺļƻûչʦ˵
ãھ֪ͨ


2765 
ݣǴϵȴݣΪϹŲĹϵ䷱
ݳ̶ӣҹϢųƴĲҹǡ
ǴܵĸأȻħսʧأħӶͦûκӰ졣
һ͵ĵطسǵľǣһҲ͹⡣
װȥޱȣȴȱ˴ܺ
ݳرһ̤ݳǳͷͦ˶סƵĶӣǹһݳͷѲԼء
ÿ߹һγǽسУξǰͷȻǰС
ǾŵʱЩУξʱλطرϵЦݸ
ЩسУξУξѹݳǵش½ս¡
ЩسУξУξһǰֻΪرͨڹϵ
̶̰ʱĹѾŹ˶ʮһ̶ӣΪʮһ̶ӱ˰ʮƷʯࡣ
ڣѾյ±ߵТƷʯ
һЩ̶гں򣬾ĹѾԼ֡
㵱ڵŶĴӣôģ
ȻǳԳġ
һţһУξСڣԶľͼһЦ
ˣⰡٳԷԸƷʯĺôѡ
⣬ǻ˳ں
һĿǷ˶Ц۾ˡ
ʱһԵһСͻȻʧϣˣϣ
ͻļһ˶ӻһΣ㱻ˤ
ոոϹĳУξʱȻŭϣԣ˴ˣ𣿡
ǣϣС񶨶ĿգûλУξһľ֡
Уξ뷢ͻȻͷɽХһľ
ռͨ
ϳռͨ
壡
壬֣
ЩɫĳУξ͵̧ͷգͼв֪ʱһ޴˸ŻֳֵǹꪵӾ޴˸Żӿһ̰ޱȵĿ⿴·ݳǡ
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ôһ£
ݸؾȻˣ
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ʱرĹǣųУξңҿرڳͷϣ̬ڿɿ֮
ǣĹǵرڵķӦȴλУξһֲĸо
糱ˮӿֵڶͷ£սɸ
ֱУξڼŷӦ
壿
ôأ𾪵ЩԼ
λУξˣˣϿǷݳǷޱȣֻҪסһʱᣬܹԮ
⻰ͷʱеУͷһڿڼֳֺǹĽ죬ͻȻĶһڡ
ھͷһ͸оһͷɫͻһھͽȥ
ƺӦͷڻ׽ĹͷĿµ
ĪĸоڶɸӣһȣͶһ̲ˮ
ŵζĳУξˣӦھһץסǷ˽ֵأȥرԮ
˵꣬תܣǷ˶ӣʱĸһ䣬ʧ˳ͷ
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ʱ˿̣Լ˶Էɱ֮˵ڣֻŲ
ʵǶԷΪ̫ˡ
һ񣬾Ⱦѡ
ȻҲľʲôԺҲӲܵ㡣
ԣڵһʱ´˶֪ͨȻ󽫾鼱
ϧǣսʱԭһСɵ飬ȴԼ
ҪڿʼǷڳͷָսȴû
ߺУξҲˣܳǷ£ŰУξһҲԿǷ
£УξͽϵУξ
ҲڴʱеѾǵ֮Ƶͷڿڼ׽һݳǡ
һźһĹ⻪졣
˲Ϣ䣬ͳ嵽ݳϵĳţƱѪ졣
ϳŵĳУξûзӦͱնɱ
ڽϵУξλͻȻ͸˾֮ɫ
ףɳ۵䱸ûгǷزסģ
ʱ֮ݡƣ


2766 
ܵ۹Ѿһܵɢſ֨·ʱɢܵĻһƽֻάתһĸо
ǣһ״ͻһ־˵ĸתȻȥܵ۹ܻʱɢܣûɢ֮ǰɿԱ˵ٶȡ
ݸոһӣʹ˴ؾ
ĴǡѲ˾ս޲F˵ľѪڰʱھ۾á
ݳƵϢ䲻ر֪
޲һȭݺݵĺϣݳʮǰͻħһȵܱԮ
ЩݳǷΣڣʮȻʱˣؾǸʲôԵģ
ɫѿͳȫô˵
ߵĴӼȴǿڵ̬أһε֣ͻȻ⣬Ȼ˿ռͨ
ҵΪֹݵ壬ԻΪҲ࣬½飬ϷѶݣ߾䡣
ͬʱ֪Ѳ˾ȫϾԤϾɲһ塣
Ļκμĸ馽Χþ馰Ըм֮࣬ȴû޲ķС
֮޲޳ɣҲǵͷҪʱͻȻСżɫ
ֺɫڴܴŽ顣
Fһȥͽ⼸ɫ˹һɨɫͱѿޱȣ˳ֽݸ޲
˵ˣе塢һĵĳһ壬ˡ
ݡݡݾѱΧǣһΧݣȻ䣬ΧݺͳһΧݣ㻹ڼء
еȥ޲ɫҲͬޱѿùǣزסˣҵĵݣ
ݣһΧݣһһ壬Լȴһս
Щ⣬һô£ô˼ɵ
޲һۻžζ˵塢壬սѣսҲһѣ
壬ս֮ǰԼɷɻңȻģԼԼ
޲ѣ˲ϢһЩõļ䣬ɫҲò԰˼֡
λȫ֣ѾҵܾӦԵģ£ʥã˵
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Ϊܵʼ¡Ѳ˾ؼ鱨ѾõϢ
˵һ˽붫ʱӭһ̨ûҶ㣬̨ҵķѡ
𣿶޵ĴҧһǶǸʲôԵģһҲִˣ
ʼ¡ֱƶݶ
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ãŭޱȵʼ¡ƽ˵˵ΪʲôܹһԹĴʱռŲͨ޲ҫرʧȥô
Ҷ֮ǰֵԣԭ׼֮ǰĵǬȴȻֵĺܽӲ
ʼ¡壬Ǻܳʵġ
˴֮ϸϸ˼ƺҶ׼Ľ飬Ҳûʲô
ּǿ˸ռͨľǿͨҫǣǲرͨйϸ˼¡
˭Ҳû뵽徹ȻûдϹſռŲͨ⹹˿ռͨ
Ҫ֪ռͨǿĿռͨǼѹġ
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ħ壬ϲܡ
ĺȻųƸ£㹻ĲƸ֧ʱռͨĹģȴûй
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ô˵ħˣ
£ֻ˵ܣҲܣ޲֮Ӧԣ
ӦԣFЦôӦԣʲôӦԣ
ֻһ֣ǿӦԣĴֵ㣬ݳΪݵ㣬ܱǰ֪ģȻ򣬻ȫǾ
Ǵܣڱ˵һ򣬿ʮ񶼳ɣ
ʼ¡ɫѿĿǰFԣѵ˼㣬ٳı
ʶģʼ¡Ŀ⿴˾馣మƵ֮ߣ
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ʼ¡ѯ޲£ҴǰС󣬳ߣ壡


2767 ʊ¡ĴԵ
£忴ڣ·ϮҴ֮أȥҴƺûбӦ
ʵϣҴɿ׵ķֳ·Ӧ壬ÿһ·ʤʶĸߡ
⻰˵ʊ¡۾һ馵Ҳһɣ޲һԾŶӲԡ
ߣΪ½ǣ޲˵꣬һͼ
һźڼܹͯºæڶǽϣչ˴ͼ
׸µĵһΪͬ飬ֻ򡣡޲˵
콲ʊ¡˫۷Ź⡣
£ԭرҴΪ˷ܵĲ֮ģҲڽʮܱ߲رһʮװԭǱ߲ö
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ǻΪ˺Ŀǰ״²ô׽ʥּɣ˵
£һʥּȻ»ҪһسʹǰԭӲã
ΪӲãʊ¡˵
£ΪֻҪԭԸɳԸ壬ɳٴ¾ͻɳӦݶĽʮݵıǰԸݵ壬֤˫ıһƽ⡣
Ӳ͸ˣ
ԭϵǲ֮ģʧȥĺģ
ϣؼ໹Ѳ˾иݿţȫ年ᣬҴܰգһͻͷ޲˵
ʱʱƣһسѾִﶫةŸ٣׼裬Ѿˡ
޲˵ɣյûõ׼üҥ԰вܱԭͷҪˣǰͽ˰ɣ
޲һЦЦĿ⿴Ŵ׼裬ͣŪĶβѡ
æ׼һʱһʱһߣҥԡ
ʥּ֮£ԭҴܰյʵںԭ壬ʵ˶ܿõʵ
˵꣬馾ͳʊ¡£Ϊ´˲߿У
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޲˹֣£ݵĳһȽ⣬ͨȥԸ»ʧء
ԣݵĳһ壬Ҫ׼ˣ޲˶衣
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Ҫֻ̫࣬ҪʮȻսľ⼸˾ԾͿӦݵĳ
ޣˣԸݵĳ֮أԶررԳһѹԵƣ޲˵
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ƾӣӢͳ˧޲˵ɣʊ¡ǰŶѹֵԣҲɿ˼֣֪Ƽѡ
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Ӣͳ˧ģҶ棬ʵѡ
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˵꣬޲͹ֵ£˳֮ߣɾ·
һԵһسǸͷѡ
ԴĿǰ״ǳ鲻ıӦֵġ
޲ȴɾͻ⣬ܾͷɲǸǵġ
֮ߴơ˵˰䣬ʊ¡ͻȻ;ҿһԣͿȵĻ찵أֱȳһ
ͯºæԼͽȥҲֻѹʊ¡һԡ
ҵĿţʊ¡ѾѪ֣ʊ¡سǰ¶࣬ǿŵ岻ʣȰȥѡԣ֮͵˵ʊ¡˵ֻʾس¡
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һԵͯº£һΣһεֶһʱ
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ս󣬻ʊ¡˵ʲôʦϲ£ĻˣǧѷĴԵˣ


2768 е
ǧѷĴԵ
ոմһɾѪʊ¡ϷϲɫĴʦɵõЩŭ
ǹʦĴԵɣҪǹˣʦλݣڴܿǾ˫
ʦһ£漴ЦһҾףףڹֳܣ
ǳ²εûгɹץҩΪԪ
ʊ¡ͷȴһĪһᣬЩӰ°ԼЩˡ
ͬʱһĪۡ
£Ͳܽļ
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£Ϊ˶ʦ˵
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Ϊ۾ּ䶾ԿóЩŮТװģЩĵġ
ʵϣʹ£˼׵ﱲТģŮУ˳ֶТ˳Ůÿ˵Тʊ¡αТ
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ΪܷԱޱ򣬵ǧ̳֮ôܹ˳ȥ
֮ܵǿ鱦˵ԱӲĵΪǿĵ۷ĴڣҪƿ֮Ҳǲܡ
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Ϊߵͣȴ֮ǲܵġ
ǴͣȴԪΪĺʹۣôƿ֮
ǽԪΪ֮±±˵ǧ꣬궼ܡ
ҵǣͣطִ۵һת޵Ѫ֮ϣڵΣ±Ԫ޷ǧ˵ʦ΢΢ͣ٣ʊ¡
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£á֣
Сοޣ
Ǳ¿ɷ֪еá
еãȻǶģºܶ˶֪ѣ
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£ʵԪݵĸԭ򣬾Ϊܹ̫ˣ֮Ϊܵ㣬ѹ̫ˣ
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ÿһ죬ԼԪΪǿš
ʊ¡¶ڴ֮ɫʦ΢΢һЦ£Ȼ֪˲ұͺܼˣ
¼ܴȵļٱµģӶΪԪ
ԣʊ¡üͷô֮ǰħʧأҴȥݣҲûΪ٣
£Ҳ˵ֶ֮أ˵ֻܱһʵȴֻǧܽмұ𣿡ʦ˵
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ʊ¡۾͵ص˸Բʦ˵ļǳԣСһӾ˵ʊ¡Ŀϣʊ¡ģƺô
һΣʊ¡¶ڴ֮ɫǰʦ֮⣬Ӧΰأ


2769 ج
ػʹڵڣ馡޲F׼衢˾Ԥһسҹ߸ʱóһз
ϵߡ
ڶһ磬һس˶ٴʡ
µʥּȥԭʹҪʊ¡ӡѡѡ
һسķʊ¡Ǻģӡʥּ
ֻʊ¡ʹѡϣʊ¡޲з硣
޲˵˼һƱĳӣܹͺá
ʊ¡뷨ʹ¹·Ӧ񣬱ŵùȥܹԭŷѡ
գʊ¡ѡɴʦǰ
ʦԭӦø׽ܣ׹ͨɴƣ
Ϊʊ¡˿ڣһɳҲֻ
ֻ޲Щɻ
˵һߣǺƺƵĴıֻҪʵȥһСԭҲհ졣
ΪʲôҪɴʦȥأ
޲Щ벻ͨ
ݵĳһ壬ʊ¡˴׼裬˾Ը
Ψһ鷳ģǵߡ
ԶʮҵƲӣѡһͳ˧ܹݸصطӣݻ
޲ƼѡǱҶ棡
ѡʊ¡ȴ⡣
ԭ򣬲˵Ҳ
Ҷ棬ԽǿƣպȨʊ¡ɵˡ
һ֮ʊ¡ɳŵһų飡
飬ʊ¡Ǳۡʊ¡еš
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޲Ϊ׵ľسͬʊ¡
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ʥּ£ʹҲǵճҲʼԱ
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ħսϣ޲FˣҲʼٴѰսڻħ
˭Ŀǰ״£ܵ״ÿ£֣ϾҪγһƹ˴ЧӦ
һΣǴܵجΣ
ԣܵ磬ܵЧܱ塣
ܹϵĻתٶȻǼġ
ԭʥּڵһʱ䴫˷ΪʹĴʦ棬Ҳڵһʱ
һ֮󣬼ԭ
һУΧ߽УҪ̵ʱڣ߻ֵ壬ȶƣ
սԿֿͻ״뵽ˣҲӦ֮
޲ûϵͻ״ˡ
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ΪʹĴʦ棬ԭû
ԭҵµdϾһĸֵͬܣ¡
ԭ֮dŵĲ֪㵽ʲôطˣ˭
ͬʱҥڼ̵ʱ䴫ԭ֣ŽdŵĲ֪١
£˭
һֻ֪ʊ¡
һʱ䣬ҥԷӿ𣬽ʥּӰ콵͡
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ҪĵһߣϢ̥С
ϢأϿվһƣõϢ֮޲ˣŭɶԵôɵ飬϶й¶Ϣ
һߵϢй¶ԭӦ֮
ҪȻһһչԭӦ֮
һ޲滮·壬ûӦ֮ߡ
һŰ׳Ǽֱ
Ϊ£ͷЩˣ
ҵǣļ˾鼯ŵľ񣬼Ѹ٣ڸȫ֧£Ǿݣ̵ʱڲ
죬˼ᣬ׼Ρ
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ʱֵΪѸٶԸӦֵ壬ǲϧһд׼ٶ͹ȥ
ңΪ˱֮ǰİȫûı磬Ѳ˾ؼ˳ȥ
ĿǰΨһĺϢԳɢϿյĳơ
֧֮ûãһجִأٹ𾪣


2770 
ˮ
ǰ֗ݵˮ壬ٴξ
Ѹײڶ֮ƣ½أٴռݵĳҶԲҶŷ
ʧû١
Ϊһǰˮӗȴ֮ɾء
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ǣһǰȫû飬ӰһڗϿա
ˮԼȴģܵİȫûˡ
һûжٰոǰݱİգе۹ģѾ뿪˗ݡ
˵ˮɵʧ
زģһϢ
ˮһξûмǴƵͨˮ塣
ھз࣬ƿϺ࣬һֻͨͨ񾳵ϺѹͿԿָ԰ƵͨϺ࣬ЩϺзͣھ򿪵ӵھɽʯ߲½ء
ȵǰĵطȻ
Ϊˮǵǰ𣬾ʹˮµˮ岻ͣĶԲҶҶŷѾֻǵƽԭشǺһ֡
ıԵһһˮУһ½ˮʼ衣
Щߵ񺣵һ½ϣѾ˴ıˮū۵Ĵ塣
ЩѾʼֲˮϲ
һµźš
ˮѾ׼õռˮū۴ܰգ
ˮȥǴĻõʧȥݵĳҶԲҶŷõʧȥݣ
ΪһˮĲɣݣˮǺ
ĳЩԣ޷ıġ
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ȣطʱûӦˮ壬ܱߵӦˮ塣
ͬʱɳ˴ĻӊԨΪ󿤹ͳ˧еָͣӶˮΧ
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˭ЩЩΪ˶գî˾ڳ֮⣬ķչµı
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ʊ¡˼ǽ±߻ǵƽе˼ͬʱҲĻ˼
νǼһУȺ޲ѡ
ֻǣһĶյĻԨȴһ⡣
ʊ¡һ첻һ죬ѪƵԽԽ죬ʱҪ뿪أǴŻϷ˶գ
ʥּ֮£ԨȻʥּȴĥĥ䲻Ըء
⼸ּһ£ԨԸҲó
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ˮ壬Ըսǿ󡢷ǿͿ壬߻ӊصǲˡ
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ǴзصĹһֱӵоӵȨ
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һΣ֪ʊ¡ô˵^ģ^ˡ
ʵ˵ȻзصĹӵоӣҪЩӣǼ鷳ġ
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ȻӵһʮıƽҲֻܹڷأ̤һżȥһ£ҲҪȥ
ȥһֲһˡ
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ĻӊԨ߻ӊԨͨһ㣬ҲȻʼ׼
񣬰ɣȻǴȴأԱ⡣
ǻʳӵȨĽ
ǻ񣬵Ҳȥѵð
ЩãֵжӦ֮ߣʊ¡һʥּ
ݡݡݡݡЩֵݿܱߵݿĽڵʲơݡеܱҪݿתˣԱ⣬ʵУ
ʥּһҲǽڳޣ
Ͽյֵƣƺɢ˴롣
ʹУʊ¡ʹʹʧܵĹĴʦ棬ٴδϥ顣
һΣովûõڼܹͯºҲ˳ȥͯºһί˶ſڡ
ʲôʱڻʵǰʦڼܹܻҪ׽ˣ


2771 
Ҷʵڵһʱ͵õȫֵϢţЩŻǺܲġ
ԴˣҶ沢⡣
ڻʱҶ֪һֺĴ½ֻҶ֮ǰĶˣ֪Ҳ޲
οֵص㣬ǱȽϳҶϵġ
ȻֱӿʱռŲͨġ
һǿһ㣬ĴʱռŲͨ
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ʵʊ¡Щ飬Ӧλͷʹ
Ҷ˸֮̾⣬Щ飬ѾҶΧ
ҶģǼӿгֹ̣г̣תأȻ󽫻¾ĽС
֪ȻɥĲʊ¡ʲô᲻ٴβһеĶԳ֡
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һЩ̣ǽҪʱ䡣
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2776 ϲ¡ϲ
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2778 
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2779 ֮
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2780 ޶ȵĺ
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Ҫף㱱Σûɽκ׼ĿǿӲ
ҶĿȴǿɽ䭣¶̬ȣô£û̸ˡ
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ҰļĺʱҰļڻңĲ׵ġ
˵꣬ҶתߣɽȴæסҶ棬κ׼߳κִ£λԸˣһΣʹǸʹˣͱҲӡ
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ͿõĿʲôҪõʲôҪұṩʲôİҶ˵
Щ漰õսԣ䭲Ҳ޷
ңұұĵߣұᱣֶԲκʽ͸ͿƣңұֻԱԲκʽķ졣
޶Ⱥ͵ߣپģҪϸԼˣܹĻҶ濴ɽ˵

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ҶүϷҪʾһλ𡣡
㡣
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ҶǿˣԪõκ׼ǸģʱʱһҶ棬ǲ֪ǸɽԼģˣ
ɽȴҡҡͷνЭ飬ûκãⷽԣҲշ
ϷţҶүʱյܹνԵķɣ⡣
ߣλ𣬻Ϸ򣬶ҶүˣԣϢȽҶүˡ
˵꣬ɽ䭾͵ݸҶһʩط򣬵ݵҶеʱϷѾɽɢ
ҶүϷκ׼ڣԼλ֪Ϣˣᳬʮˡ
ҶȻ֮ڣֻĵһɲǣҶɫͱޱȵѿš
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ʦηɰĵ٩Ҷɲһԡ
£ηɰʶԣҶߣĵʲô£˵һ𿸣ȱ컯ˣ⽣նã
ҶʹĽͷʦηɰ׵ĻǷʹޱȵ˵ʦ㣬ʲôļ룬ܹ뿪ң
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ж᲻ᵯηɰ֪϶Ƿʲô£顣
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ҲţǡҶ濴Ц
ۼΪʵ£ۼΪʵηɰȻ


2782 ֵ
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ţ£Ҷϸ˼֮󣬸ʦηɰһ׼ǰ

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Ҷ࣬Ǳͱһһ͵س鴤һ£ʹҶǶ鴤
չǱޣһڻɣ֣ȥʥˮ̴£
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2783 ý֮
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ͬʱʥˮҲҶһ˵Ҫ
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ҶĻȴøʥ¶һֵ飬ϵĴ֣ƺ¶ʲôľġ
Ϣ֮󣬸ʥؾֱ壬Ȼ¶˾ġ
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2784 ǽ
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λ̫ӣ룡
ڴſ˽ĸʥǹѾĴ֮
ҶԸʥֳ˴֮ĹͷһֶĸУҶ滹ûбʲô
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ʥٴ֮࣬ȴǹЦҶԪ˧ķһǣѷǵУҶԪ˧Ī˵
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̸һ̸˵ͿԺƽأ˵
Ҷ涢Ÿʥ˫Ŀ絶


2785 Ѭ

һҶ絶һ֡
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ҶԪ˧Ұıȱ̫еĻҪ󣬼ȻˣҲҶԪ˧øҶԪ˧ĵ㹻󣬵ʱҵĳͻĦ١

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СڵķλŵصһǧףбףһȻʯ֮󣬴ȥͻᷢ󷨣ȻҴ֮󷨣鿴ߵΡ
ô󷨣ɻУСҶ潻Ĵȥ
Ᵽ½ϹŲ󷨣ҶƵģҶָ㣬Сǲᴥ󷨾ġ
ܿ죬͵Ŀĵء
״ˣһ
Ҹ󷨿ھǰֱҵһϹŲκ飬֪ͨҡ
ͨ½ϹŲ󣬲Ҷĵġ
½Ҷļ磬ҶĸĸŮˡ
Ҷ£ʥѬ֮£½С˵ȥ
ڿհ׵С磬ڵ۷컯ˣǼġ
״ˣҵ˵ϹŲ󣬵ˣСĻһһ㣬Ҷͷ


2786 ֮
ҶԪ˧Ѿó˺ԭΪˣˮ彫Զˮ·̤½ء
ˣ㻹⣬
˲̫̰ҶİԵһֱЦİԷƢ
ðԡǣһƢ´Ҷ棬ƺǱŵˣüë͵زһ¡
öͷһ˿ɻҶôš
һɲǣҶ͵𣬡Ҿ̰ˣΣ
ߵҲҵģҶȵ
㡭
ҲˣȴִԲĪȻ飬Ǳ߲УڻʽҲǿԵġ
ŰĴԲҶ
ӦţҶעȴȫеʥˮϹŲֵϡ
ʵŰԷҶ汻üëͬʱѹ밽ûаϵ
ȫǱСϢˡ
ϹŲˡ
ҶĵһӦǸʥɥĲ񣬼Ȼĵ߶ˣԸļ綼Ҫ
Ҫֽ֪һ½ǿȥ½
Ǻ
ܿģСͽϹŲڴӰθҶ淢˳
޴屾塣
һһͷǧף߰׵ľ޴׾׾ͷһɫǣݡ
һȴһͷںڵ㣬ͷĽǧ׵Ĵ֣ȥ⺧ˡ
ı壬ϹŲڶµʵʵ˵ϢǽϹŲڣġ
Ҷһ屾壬Ͼ˳
Ǿʥƺʥı塣
Сֻʶ˵ȴʶ˵ı塣
ֻǣʥƺʥԳϹŲڣĹ졣
ؼ䣬СȴΪ֮ףȴǵ˵սʱΣҲһ洦
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ͨ£ֻĳЩ£Ż¶塣
ʱʥƺʥԳֱӶϹŲһ£Եķ졣
һʱ䣬ҶԺоֿܡ
ȻʥƺʥסϹŲһ£кõһ棬ҶҲС¶档
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Сͼص׶ߣֵҶ洫еľһȻݲˣڵصף֮
һ󷨣ѹסС
ǼϢ֮СȴҶһޱȲĽۡ
ϹŲ󣬶ʥƺʥϢ룬ѹûκǱĿܡ
֮ʱϹŲǾʥƺʥһ֣˵Сһλ컯Ҫڲʥ븲ʥ½ϹŲƣҲǲܵġ
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ģȴǾʥƺʥ˵Ρ
ʥƺʥסϹŲ󣬵˵ΧȴгǧǿϢĽʥƺʥԭء
ܿģСھʥƺʥܱ߾ɫӣɫӵģ͵ҶԺС
Ҷһʱһ
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ƷƷƷֱΪеļޣ˵һֱŸʥĳɳɳǸʥõ˳֡ǿı֮
ڣɫɫһȴɢǿĺ鱦Ϣ
Ҫ֪ƺ鱦Ǽѵġ
ڣʥȴܹı֮Ϊ鱦Ҷģ⵱ûĺ͢İϲ̫ܡ
οӣÿһ涼ɢź鱦Ϣ
Ǻ鱦ʲôӾǺ鱦ӹһ֮ɢϢͽʥ븲ʥģԭء
ǺγһĶ֮֡
ʥƺʥԼ壬ĻסϹŲ󣬶鱦ĸ죬ȴʥ븲ʥҲﲻö
磬Ȼ塣
Ǿʥƺʥͬ⸲ʥͶͶĺ͢ΪֻĻסϹŲ
ʥֵ֮飬ֻ߹˼ʲôûɱֻ֣ס˾ʥƺʥ
ҶĿǰƶϳʺĿǰεۡ
ҶͷͻȻûôʹˡ
٣ʥҶȥٻֵû뿪Ҷ棬ǵУ²ϧ
СûƿӵȳλĿܣ
ûֵ£ƿףֻҪһһᾪ鱦ˣ渲˵Ͷ롣
ţ״ˣҪȡһʱ䣬ԼһϢϢʱ䣬ҾܹȳλʥС˵
ţû⡣ڡ
״ˣǺʱپˣ

Ҷзɱ֮⣬ѾĲˣȻ˺֮ǣǽҶͿȫ֣Ӧˣ


2787 ѵļ
ʥˮ´ڣ밽ġּۻ۵Ҷ棬Ȼλ̫ӣҪǵıˮ͸һ룬ұװƣϰʥּҲ᣿
ܣ
밽˼ͬľܾҶ档
ҶЦӵĹ죬Ǿû̸ඣ
Ҷ̬ȣð밽Ժǲ⣬֪ҶͻȻʲô˼ͬʱһԵĸʥҲ
֮ǰһֱЦеĿ˫̸ĸʥҶ̬ȵͻȻת䣬ҲЩ¡
ԭֻҪ̸ʹ󹦵ˡ
Ҷôͣ
Ҷ飬Ҳڴ˿ͻȻޱȣת˸ʥ磬ܸΪʲô𣿡
ʲôΪʲôʥһʱ֮仹ûзӦ
Ϊʲô
ҶȻһЦ磬㱳Ͷĺ͢ұݺݵĲһѵҪ˵ʲô𣿡
ʥ飬ôһɲǵĻң漴
һԱצĺ֮͢ˣͶһ˵

֪ƨ죡
ҶŲİķŭðĵɫޱȵѿ˵ʲôʱҶɭɭֵ֮£ٸҲ죬ӻҲҪ˵أ
Ҷвƺ˵ãðĳɹıͣĿҶʥ
磬Ϊʲô
Ҷִһ䡣
ʥ飬ͻȻͱȭͷԸҵ졣
Ϊʲô

צˮ֮һССצۣ֮οң
ҲʥˮһˮССˮʥܸߣУȴ͸һЩĪ顣
ЩҶЦһˮݣôҪ
磬ͳܵˮˮѾȵı۲˰ɣ
һ㱳ֵܣ
Ҷһķʣøʥϸһ˿ʹ֮ɫĵȴ
һȻܣ
Ҫ֪ƾԼצѾǼˡǲܽĺ͢ĻһΣκĿܡ
ֻн뻯һΣܹΪؼġ
һΣҶûģҶǶĿŸʥʵ磬Ϊ
ʥĬȻѾˡ
ҶȴǱʹ磬𣬵˵ҪΪͱõĺ͢ϿɣǲϿɣǱɱȥɱϿɡ
һأ㡭
ܵģġʥ¶ʹ飬ǾԴ򲻹ĺ͢ġ
ҶȴǸӵʹ࣬Ϊͻ֮·ǧ߲ͨһ磬Ϊôֵݣ͡
ȻΪ
οڵģǰԣ౦֪ΪצȻһĺ鱦ûУ֮Ȼֻʵ̫嶪ˡ
˼鱦Ҳֻұĺ񣬺ıֻࡣ
˼鱦
Ҷ濴ŸʥǺ磬Ǳѵļ𣿡
ĵܣҲΪֵܺãҲΪ㣡ʥѵĻӦһ䡣
ΪǺã͵ñѣ
ȻΪֵܺáٴβ죬㾭Ӫ⼸ˮͱƳƽء
ӭģͲ̸Ǿɱ壡
ô˵һøлҶһļ֮ɫ
ʥͻȻͼĵܣ˵ĺ͢ĺǿǿסġ
ģҪҵģĺ̸͢ƽҪǸ
Ҷ滺ҡҡͷ磬ˮ壬Բͬһ㣬ôأҲͬΪˮ壬ôǣ
𾸺ʥƺʥʥȴǱѾλ̫ʮˮȻҴÿˮڵȻû֮ȴ֮ʵ

ĿܵˮҶЦЦĸʥɫԽԽѿҲЦʥˮܱߵǿϢԽԽࡣ
磬ﰵͳεˮͳ˰ɣ
ǲһʥļᶨԲ˳
νΪʲôҪأ
磬ԼԼ
ĺ͢Ҳģ㽫ԽһԼ͢
Ҷ˵Уĸʥ͵
磬ڻͷüҶĿУ磬ڻͷǻֵܣ㻹ҵĶ磬׶磡
ͷ
ʥ֮ǰе˿⣬ʱѾʧӰ٣ΪʲôҪͷ
Ҳûʲôͷ
ĵܣӦûͷ㣬ڣĺ͢ΨһƽĻᣡ
磬Ѿǵĳˡ
Ҷ븲ʥ̸ͻȻ̾ϧһһƬǰ׷ˡ
ҶԪ˧ĻᣡԸ̸̫ĺгģ
̸ԣ
ҶƽĻĸ֣Ŀˮϰ嵱ʳһ㣬Ҷ滹
ĵɫҲһɲǱޱȵѿ㿴ˣԼǱ̫ûг⣡
ˣ
һ߳ٵǿޱȵĵϢͻȻͳʥˮ´Χ´ΧˮйͨٵϢҶ棡


2788 ˶ĺ
ٵϢûҶκα仯һο˸ʥ
Ÿʥ˺Ҷͷһϣ׵ʧˡ
ҶԪ˧ҪͶĻüŰĵĺٵϢʼƽӴĴšų˽
Щֱʩչݷͳ˽Ҷ֡
Ҷȴ̾һΪ˶
ڰ밽ȻֵУҶǰͻȻһйţǧѪþ˲Ϣʹйг
ǧѪеľÿһõĵǿߵʬǳɾ͵ѪãÿһҶװݣװдʽÿһӵǿӲӲʵ
ؼǧѪþÿһη
ɱ
Ҷһ£ǧѪþںڶߡھ˵ָ£ӿٵ
˲Ϣ䣬Щˮǣͱˡ
ǿսʱԺǿһԶ£ҲѱɱһҲӳĻᡣ
ǣʮһأ
δսˮЩĵͷͲ˿ֻţ
ġУ𾪣
𾪵ģȴǸʥ
ʥ֪Ҷֵôһ֧ǴûйҶµ֧ħǿ̶ֳȣ
ʵ˶ĺ˲Ϣ·Ȼ˵ˮҶЦ
ˮȫӦЩѪþսʽ
Ǻϧġ
ЩѪþһȴ˼Ѫһη˵Щȫ˻Ĵ򷨣һӴ˲䣬ͳ˴
밽ĶһۣȴûκλңһɲǣҶϢȻǡ
ˮӡسҶͷĿˮϵطӰ֡
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ٷһŭںˮĴ߶£ߵʵʵӰų˰ġ
Ҷǰĺˮ꣬ðɫ䣬ôô죿
ô죡
ҶĴЦУĻǰĺ鱦ٻɡ
Ȼǲһսģзһһɢŷɷĺڴ̣ϢĴҶ档
Ҷûᣬˮֻһһصĺɫ۾ܲҶ
Ʒ鱦ĺڴ̣Ҷı̳һĻ֮󣬻һ⡣
ɫĽⶸشҶͷ֣һն˰ԡ
ɽƷ鱦Ϣðɫ΢΢һ䣬һʵޱȵĹƾ޶ܣ˰ǰ
Ҳڴʱޱȵɷɽ³ʵޱȷֱ׷Ʒ鱦Ĺƾ޶ܣɽһն֮£ֱӶϳأпڹ⻬羵
ͻȻͷһֵļУܵĵͷɫĽͷһͷϽڡ
ҽУͷѪ쭣һ˶ǴϽеָֽҶСģɷ
Դ󾪣ŸʥŭôҪ鱨ô˵
ʥһãȻҡҲ֪
Ҷ淢һЦǲ֪Ļء
飬ȥģ
˵䣬ɽͻһ⣬һն˰ġ
Աһ˵ʱᣬҶն˰ģ˰ĵ˵
ϵģȴû˺󣬶ǵնԼ
ΪǾҶģǿΪ׼˴ͣЦ䣬һֻ˶צ͵ش̽һ̽´;ҵޱȵ컯ǰҶٵĹ⻪ѩһڡ
նȥɽһͱצɡ
ףôɷˣܾûɷˣһء
ɵɽһܻҶڣõɷûãҪǸ컯ӲӲ˵ᱻɢ
˵ףڵɷ̫ˣ׳ʮϣʱ˵һն컯
ͬһʱ䣬컯ͷֱڰ밽Եǰ
ǸոձҶնȥǵİǰ컯壬ʱҶǺ޵ҧгݣ֮أ
˵䣬컯壬Ҷ
˹ɲǣ˷ˮͬһɹһ㣬Ҷ档
Ҷͷĺˮӡ޷ѹ
ҶɫȴǾ䡣
屾ˮеߡ
컯壬ǿˮеס
ҶĿǰƽ£컯Ĵһ
ˮ컯ĴڴսǾŰˡ
˵λ
ԣλ컯ڳֵĵһ˲䣬Ҷ͵һ˸˴ſڡ
ӣΣԵЦˮ򾿾ٵеˮһɲƺ˷
һɲǣЦͱȻˮȻ޷ȽҶ档
ҶߣƺһεĿռڱŲͨطӰ졣
˲Ϣ䣬ҶͳСèҶϣռֻһͨҶƾʧ
׷İ밽ɫޱȵ׷ԲˣһҪɱ
ǣ
ӦһһУŰġԻ׷ĸʥѭϢϣ׷ᣡ


2789 
ıϣ΢΢һСèϵҶ棬ͼͻأĳıϿա
ǴʥˮӳҶ档
һ֮͵һ£ǧɵˮʹӺ׳ˮϷġԡλ컯ˮͷ׷ĸʥȴЩǱ
棬ˮ͵һ٣ǰĻǰԣֻλ컯¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ΪУ֮ǰߵҶ棬︩ǣ˵һż˸ĺڳľ޹
밽Իûʲôоλ컯ȴһַǳĸо
ݣ
λ컯ոճˮ棬ҶеĹһ𶯣ɫ䣬Ǹһ˻סλͷ컯
ǵĵ𣿡컯һЦ̽ͻȻͻɽһСצ벻Ҷ䡣

ĿĻǱ컯üͷһ壬ҶһȻһ˶İӡ
һ޴ĻǣȻλ컯һ˿ʹУצϵ˶İӡӣλ컯һ˿ľ
壬սǿĴʡ
ҲǱ
ǿɱ֮ǿĺ鱦һ鱦ǽǷģ϶塣
ۣ֮ϼѲϡ
һͷ͵ķֱ׷Ʒ鱦
컯ۡƤķͣ͸˵ˡ
˵Ƥķ
ǰλ컯һƤ۵Ĵ̶ȣһ컯ˣܹһӡء
ҶܹһӡѾܿɹˡ
״ɫһһλ컯һߣҲһ򣬼鱦⻪ɳɢ˷
ӣǴΧҶ棬ٸҶκѵĻᡣ
Ҷȴǻ벻⣬սȻ鴫ٽԣ
𣡡
߳һҶеľ޹ٴηװһΣ䣬ȴһɭɫĹ⻪
˵ңϼꡭɫ컯ЦһٴĻӳצ
ꡯָո˵ڣ۵ļʸ컯ΪʹŭҲ
䣬컯צģ󱬿컯צıѪģ
밾۾͵һɣһ
ڹϣͱͬǿ࣬λ컯壬ȻΪ컯˾սȴ޽ӽ컯񽫡
Ҷ״ȴĵ˵ͷ
ܣǲģ˺ɷ֮ٴ
ҲҶܵһγԡ
䱾Խɱеɷ֮
ôɷأ
Ҷģɷ϶ܹȵܣնɱǰ컯
գҶ沢ûٴγԡ
ԭҲܼ򵥣Ҷɷ̫ˡ
õģֻҪһɷϵ׳ҶԺ㹻ɷá
ȥ
ŭ컯һӣһƾմԺ󻯳ǵصĳҶ档
ӳĵطն·鴤һһţӰ֮㱬
ɱ
Ҷûκζ˼ֻ촽ᶯ³һ֡
һɲǣĵɫʸ̽ݺݵײǺɫıӰ֮ϣɫıӰΪ֮һ
ͬһɲǣʮɫ䣬ȴ˹Ҷ컯
ͬʱҶһе񹭽ϣÿһɲǣ
ֱġˡ
Ҷǣˣҵλ䴴ᡣ
ʮɫ컯⣬ǵʮɫɲǣȻ;ǡ䡭Ը
죬ôôŨԸϢ
飡
ҵıÿһͷ컯һ춯صĲҽ
ڰ˼ıɲǣͷ컯Ĳҽ͸Ȼʧȴ˶Դֱӱ
컯ҽӳǸոճֵɲǣСèһ˸ʹҶࡣ
鱦׹޷ɳСлԪ׾йһ컯֮ϡ
껹Ԫ飬ǵĿǡ
컯ոӳԪֱӱйСлԪ׸ˡ
ҲڴʱҶĺˮ͵شԺ̽ڵĺˮӡŹ⻪һھҧһС컯ĺˮ꣡
ɡ컯ŭţҪ׷ˮ꣬Ҷĺˮ꣬ȴڵһʱҶڡ
һɲǣСлԪ׵׹УҶ棬ԼѾʼ׷һλ컯ҵλÿ˾һ
ͽλ컯Ƭ
һĪһıͻȻڱϿط𵴼䣬λ컯֮صģѪƾճ֣˺档
Ѫ뺣ɲǣˮ壬ǿǵĻûпǵģˡ
ĸӦһĪɷееɲǣҶ͸С´
˰ɣ


2790 
ϿյΣЩ𺳡
ڰ밽ԣ¶һȲ˼ģ
ģҶնɱĵĻ컯ʱͿʼˡ
һλ컯һΰҶ˿ټʱؼ컯ϢƵȴûнһĶҲΪ˷Ǳ¡
û뵽컯ոȫ֣ͱҶ¸նɱˡ
ʱ밽𾪵ģȴǰԵ컯Ļ
ʱȻҶµλ׷ɱһضܡ
һǽһǵ䣬Դ컯Ǳޱȣұֻ֣еƴ
ò˵컯ıҲһģλ֮£ÿξȻֻһ˵ܹȫ߿ա
ҶЩۡ
Ϊҵ˵УÿһУע˶ʮԸ
Ȼҵ˵ܾˣûԸļӳ֣Ҫɱ컯壬Ǽѵġ
ҲΪע˴Ը˺֮£ܣŽλ컯ɱҴܡ
Ҷȴޱۡ
ȻԸ࣬Ҳסġ
һһһ˲ļǰʮԸĸ˾ٶʮ㡣
һٿ֣һľһǧٶԸ
ٶȣҶҲЩܲס
ԣҶʱ佫նɱλ컯սռͬһɲǣһ̤
󵨣
˵밽ͬʱҶ
ɫɲǣҶȴǳŰ밽ɭһЦ컯ˣȸҺɱƨ̫ӣ

ɱȻ˷𣬰밽Եͬʱ䡣
ҲڴʱʥҲһ䡣
޾𾪶ر棬ĿҶ档
Ӧ渲첼µ󷨣ͻȻ䱻ƿˣĿǰ֪ǸطģֻҶһˡ
Ҷеһţھ޹֣Ϣ˸ʥ
ʥգһˣҶκطȥ߶ֹҶˣôҶ񹭣ͺ
λеλϢ밽ͷͬʱ޾Ŀ־塣
컯嶼˸ɱˣȻ˵ǻ챦࣬ǣȴûܹӲȥ
֮λȥǱɱǳ顣
ƫƫ˴ʱõλ컯׷޴ӣûж
컯֪ˣλ⣬ǻŻȥҲҪܡ
λ̫ţҶϺȳ컯ͻȻ⣬Ȼֱ¶˾޴屾
ֻȫ߶£һŹӻƵۣ˸ȥǳľˡ
λ컯밽Ծ볷ߣҶĵشȻչǵͻȻͱü
밽ҪӣҶҲɱ棡
Ҷ治֪ʥûнʥˮֱͨ½ϹŲ˵ȥ˵ȥҲֻа밽Կ֪
һ򣬾һ
ԣҶɱڡ
ΣҲҪпй¶ܵİ밽Ըɵ
ԻЩԥǰҶ潻֣֪Ҷɱ
оαĳأ޷ʹ룬ĵһʱͽѲʹӡ˳
ɲǼ䣬ͻȻ˰һˮ
ӣΣ
Ҷĺˮӡطɳˮȫ߶䣬⻪ţĺˮĿȨľͶһ뻹Ҫࡣ
Ҷĺˮ׳֮£ˮӡܣѾԽ˰ĵѲʹӡ
ļˣŴסİŭ𣬿߶ӡ
ޣϣ
Ӧһһֱѹһе޵ͬʱһɫӰͷɳ
ɫɳɲǣ͸ҶһĪİС
Ҷ֮ڵĺˮҶĺˮӡƵıˮ˲ϢͶʧˡ
һɲǣˮ͹ڰͷɫ
ˮƽǧɣֱӽ밽Ľ˺ˮ֮С
󺣾ָʱΡ
밽Ծͷ·˺ˮһ㣬ҶĵشǵӰ죬һ˲Ϣ併ͣһɲǼ䣬˲ϢԶȥ
ֻλ컯ĲҽУ̫ӣң
Ѿʮǧٿ׵컯Ҳ󺣣ߡ
ҵȴᡣ
밽һɲ󺣳ߣ֮һҲΪһͷ컯ͷǵ
޷䰽밽ԣ˵䣬ͳͳк컯ϡ
컯ո뺣ˮԴͱһٶʮԸʮ䱬
ˣ
Ҹߺһ
˼Ҷ棬͵ؿ䣬ĿȴǸոӳλ컯ꡣ
ͬһʱ俪ģҵλ䣬ÿֻ䡣
еɷͿԪ飬ʮһͬʱ֮£컯귢һʵĲҽ͹ޡ
һɲǣ̺źϢѪ꣬ٴͷ컯ĵطΪɢ
ͬʱҶҵתһǿɷɱ˷е񹭡
նɱ컯˵սļ侫ɷԵǿǵ񹭣ǵܣ


2791 Ϊһ硯
ͷΰԻ컯ɲǣһֱڹսĸʥ͵زһ£΢΢һƺûߵ˼
ҲڸʥθողһɲǣҶһŰŵϹ⻪š
ϱߵɭļʸ⻪Ȼ˸ʥ
ͬһɲǣҵļ⣬Ҳ˸ʥ
ʥһĿЦɢȥе
սԶͨ컯컯Ҳնɱô
ץɣ
Ҷֽͷ컯ʬռ䣬˿죬ҡҡͷ
ΪֹǴ͡ʱ̼յ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫûз컯˻ִ񽫵ټ
֮źѾȷˡ
и컯˳֡
񹭴ĳȸлʧҶҲֹ֮ͣת书һ׳
նɱһͷ컯ɷ壬Ȼնɱǿ֮ɷܹȵġ
ҶĸоУնɱͷ컯񹭴׳൱նɱϰλ
Ҷƣֻ֮ҪҵλÿιעʮԸǾܹӵشնɱ컯˵
նɱλ컯ˣȱҶ治ǹעԸҲشնɱ컯˵
ԣնɱУҶŻλͬʱ֡
ͬһʱ̣ʥˮսĺڶҶʾٲепʼȴǷ׷
ռˮʥˮ
Щ£ҶŻһ鸴ӵĸʥ
ֵܶٴԣȻԡ
ǲǺˣ
е㣡ʥЦ
Ҫͷ
زȥˣʥٴβЦҡͷ
Ҫԣ
ʥٴҡҡͷֱɢȥҪĵܣֵһҸʹɣ
һΣȴֵҶҡͷˣ㷽Ҫӣҿܻ֣ڣҲ²ȥǸ֣
ʥϵ鶸ؽסٴλ˲Ц
ޱȵЦݡ
˵˵Ҷȡ̳ϾƣӸ˸ʥһ̳
ֱĿ⣬̳ʥԼ˾ƣӿľˮֱ˸ʥϣǡ۽ǻ䡣
էһ֪Ǿƣֻᣡ
ұ̰ģ
ֹһھƣʥ˵һˮвܣܵϲ
һ죬Ȼ˵ʥצ壬ˮеߣΪʲôҪһССˮ֮أ
ҵʱֻЦЦûᡣ
һ˵֪Σأٽһ
ʱϵΪңˣһݣֱĺֱ͢ϵЩôԷָŵһǰ;
ˣ
ˣ
˵ҽ˻أҵʣպԿͻƵ컯컯ûκġʥ˵
컯Ҷ̳븲ʥһ£ڵĹ˾ơ
ǲǾ컯
ǣ
쵱ҵ컯ͻȻģɵ
ǵжô޴ôɵǣ컯ǿ󣡡
Ҷ̾һٴԵĹƣѾ֪˵ʲôˡ
ĬãҶʵ˼ˮͱ飬㻹ĺ͢˵ʲô
ʵ⼸ˮ飬Ҳȫ˵ġˮһܴش֮󣬾ͷ˷ͬ쳣ˮҲи˵ġ
Ȼע⵽ʧСս󷴶ʼŵļˮ
͸ҲӦǴǸʱʼģҲߡ
Ƿͷģģһû
Ǵǣ
Ҫ˵Ҳˣ𣿡ʥĿҶ棬һڴ
ڸʥڴĿ£Ҷصĵ˵ͷţҪȻǵϼңͱˮռˡ
ҵļ磬ǵļ磬Σǲ˵ġ
еģ
ʥĶϺ͵𣬱ȳľʥƺʥһࡣ
磬ܡ
ʥĻֱӱʥϣ㻹Ҵ磿
ҡʥһɫ
ʥǰһž߷˸ʥΪǰ;ȻֵܣҲ룬Щķ⣬ôġ
ƺʥһԲ
磬磬𣡡
Ҷٴ׳̳Ͼƣʥƺʥͷĺϣմ˾Һ
ϣֻоʥƺʥ˹˹˵Ĵڹ
һ̳ƣʥĨһѺϵľҺųҶ˵ģôø
Ҷҡͷ֮ǰҸһʹ죬ȴ²Ǹ֡
磬ֵܼ䣬Ϊ󣬻ɡ
ãûƺʥͻ˵
޶
ԣƺʥһɣ͵һҶļ;ֵ̳ܣɣ
Ҷʥֵ֮飬Ҳʮѣʥֵ֮֮飬Ǽǧġ
ƺʥʱ뷨ȻȷˣǾǲ븲Ҫʥš
ʥǾ̳ҶңңһͳŸʥ˵϶ĴȲɱ㣬ǣ£Σ㶼ԼһԼ˵ɣǽ껹Ƿ¶ģ
ԣʥȻһЦҶ棬ĵܣ޲ң
磬֮ǰֻʹȴû޹㣡
Ϊһ硯ҸˣʥЦţ̳ҺֱӴϽ¡
µǾˮǴӸʥӿģȴһɹѪ£ӿѪ
ʥƺʥҶ龡ԱòȻΨȫӿѪĸʥЦ


2792 ֮
磡
϶
ƺʥһȥֹסʥӿѪʥıסʥ϶Ǻοأ
ѪĸʥȴǶĿҶ棬г֮⡣
ڸʥע£Ҷǰסʥֵ磬Ĳ㣬һҲ
ţ
㡭
ҺԼ
ʥǺѪƺʥԼڵעȥҲֹסʥ쭳Ѫ
ûõġһɫľʥһƺʥ϶ԶϾеѾûˣ
Ԫ飬ǾԪ顣ƺʥˣȴʥס֣˵Ự
磡ƺʥ˫ˮֱ磬ˣûҪֵһӣȫԴͷͷ
֪
ʥǺѪʹĵͷ֪ǻҴңȴң᲻Ҫң
ˣǲңȴԼ
˵ţ۽ǵˮѪˮȻһ𣬡ҺԼΪʲôô̰Ϊʲôô޴
ȫûҪ
бҪ
ʥֻҲŸоʸֵˣֻҪǻң
磡
϶
磡
ƺʥʥҶͬʱס˸ʥ֣ʱĸʥȻΪѪʧάζЩˡ
һӴɫצʼںˮ֡
ãǻΪĺܸˣܸˡʥϢ΢лᣬһǵֵܡ
ʥϢԽԽ΢ƺʥȴǼˣô磬ֻʧô
ǲһ໥ڣŻޱȵǿͬģһشڣҲʧȥ롣
Ҳֻʧѣڶ
϶ԶϾԱʱȻе
⡭
ͻȻ䣬ƺʥͺ磬㡭ôѶˣ㡭
ǡ˵꣬нաںܡˡɡеĲ𡭡ûˡֵˡ
磡
ƺʥڸʥ޴ϣĺʥ˫ĿҲˮǧֵ飬һӾôҪɢˡ
ͻȻ䣬ƺʥ͵סҶ֣ĵܣ㾫ͨ꣬뷨ӣȾȶ磡
ˣȾȶ磡
ҪΪģ϶ֵΣȱ컯ҲѾȡʥ
ƺʥȻĵܣˣ
Ҷ¶Ϊ֮ɫ磬ҲȶľȲˡ
ԣƺʥϱɫŨ
ȴطܱһ鲻ʧתޡ
һʥƺʥ۾ֱˣƺʥ͵޵ԣˣĵܣȻзǾͿ찡
ʥǱȽǵģסƺʥĵܣطͬһ㣬˵ҪôҪʲôĵر㾡ȫȥŪ
õѪ飬Ը
һԸĸ֣ʥƺʥͬʱһҲ֪Ը
⣬мУܲ򵽣ѹ򲻵ƺʥͰ͵ĵĵܣûڡ
ԸУ
Ҷֱ˵˵ǲģҪһѪת֮塣
⣬Ǵöתޣ
˵ʵδøʥҶյľǽʥá
ʥʥƺʥ˺Ҷ棬ֵܡ
ֵ֮䣬Ҳ裬Ҷһ㡣
Ҳ˵ҶܲܶԸʥµɱ֣ҪɱˣôҶʥƺʥ֮䣬һԶ޷Ľᡣ
Ҳ޷ǰһֵܡ
ֻҶû뵽ʥȻѡ·
һϣҶþʥһӡ
硯ҶҲǽеʵ⡣
ʥ޷ǳļҶʥŴӸʥҵһ飬ͶʮԸ鳹׵ȶ
ȥ½ɡ
ʥվ
϶Ĺ磬³ɳ
ʥһеƺʥҲ̵ʱڸҺˡ
ǸʥѪ
ʥˮ£˺ܶԡ
ǡһͷϹѣڷС
ƺʥֱ˹ɾʥҶٴطøʥһֱעϹѵС
ʥһ鵱У̺ŲԸƬ̣ͽԸˡ
ѪǸʥһתԣȴǷǳĸˡ
ǼԸ֣תĸʥͬļʮϰٱպɳٶȣҲͬļʮϰٱ
һһתĸʥٶȣ÷ǳľˡ
ƺʥֱӽʥ鱦ĸ죬ҪԷӡʽ븲ʥڡ
Ȼ˵ԷӡʽϾǺ鱦ڸʥĻۣǳɰٱġ
ʥһ£Ҫǽ鱦ĸӡ븲ʥڣʥ½ʼֻ࣬Ҫ꣬ʮ궼òϡ
ٶ̫죬ɳ̫죬ԸʥԲǺ¡
վʥܸʥ渲죬ֱʥΪλʥ
Ȼû鱦Ϊ˰ȫʥƺʥǵıԴڸʥϣ㱣һգͻʱʥ
Ȼ½ȫϾҲԤϲΣա
Ҷ뾸ʥƺʥֵˣܻת½ϢĽѾһתĸʥ
϶ʮֵ֮ٽȥġһСֻƴСĸʥʥһΡ
磬ںĵ㡣˵꣬ƺʥͻȻҶ棬֣صģлл㣡
磬ֵ֮䣬˵ˡҶ˻֣ͻȻ䣬Ҷۿա
ģþʥƺʥͬʱòޱȽŵĽͶգ۲κ쳣
ǰ֮󣬾ʥƺʥȴûκη֣ҶȴǸ۲յģ
ģǷʲôˣʥŵ
磬磬ûз֣½ϢƺЩ̫һˣҶͻָ˵
Ϣò̫һˣʲô˼
˵طϢ
ʥƺʥͬʱһӦ߶ϸ򣬰֮󣬾ʥƺʥþޱȡ
ȷʵһˣѵˣ


2793 סʥˮ
ǵµǿߣ϶Ӧ½طϵı仯
ȱǵϵǿߣ羸ʥƺʥҶѣҲ޷Ӧر仯ġ
Ҷܹ֮ķ½طı仯Ҫԭ򣬻Ҷ֮ǰΪ˲طƵںĴ½½½ȱطοӦ
֮ǰ½ȱطӰ£½ߣҪͻƵҪĻԵͻƵǼѵġ
ڣ½ͻֻҪƿˣˣͿ˳µͻƣȻû谭Ϊֱ۷塣ʥ۾˵
ܸо½ȱطڱ仯ţò˶ã½ΪͿͻƵͨ񾳣ֱͨ񾳾۷塣Ҷ˵
ôֱ仯ƺʥüͷܹ޲طĴڣǵʲôĴڣͨ컯˶аɡ
޲ط򣬱˵ͨ컯ˣ컯Ҳܡ컯컯ĴڣûнӴҲ
Ǿҵ˽⣬޲ط飬ƿطѶˡҶ˵
ԣʥһѵĴܣȻ½
ĴܣбҪ½𣿡Ҷ淴ʡ
⡭
Ϊ֤ǵķ֣Ҷ뾸ʥƺʥ˷ָ½أв鿴½Ϊ
Ȼ½ͻƵߣˡ
֮ǰ½ߣӵϼһ㣬ᳬ˫ʮ֮
ڣҶ˵ۿߣȻǧҶȻͨ󣬵ʱڲ鿴Ŀ½İٷ֮һΪصϼһΪȻʼ
½ȱ˱仯
ֱ仯ôģҶ滹Ǿʥֻƺʥ޷͡
˶½½鱨ͱ仯
ԽԽͻʼǰ
ǣЩ½ûκ쳣
ƺΪ仯仯
գҶ뾸ʥƺʥ϶ǿĴڣӦǲר½ֵģǣ϶кı仯ͽҲӦùˡ
Ҳ½ı仯ԴҶĳֲ֪Ρ
ڽҶ滹оʥƺʥһЩδѵı仯
ʥƺʥ½Ѫᣬֿפһֻ󷨺͵
ͬģҶĵһ£ܡµ˰뿪ν
ͬʱĸ׺͸׻кͫ°˷ǲ֮ǰһĿ
ڳֲҶˡ
Ϊںͫİ£ڽҪ
ͫ˵Ѫȴ塣
Сʱ壬ȫͬʱҪֱȫ塣
Ϊȫġ
츳ˣͫ͸˷ΪͻƵˡ
ֲú˼Ӧ֮ߣҶ븸ĸ޶еܵܶݵĻ֮¼˺Ĵ½
ʵҶ뷨ĿǰԣҶռڣȫġ
ͫǵ˵Ҷռ䣬ȻӦоУȴ
½ȴ˼䡣
ǵ⣬ǳҶĸĸȴϲ˼䡣
ҶҲǿҶҲռ䣬ȷʵ˼䣬ҲֻһĿ޵ˮlЩˣ־С

Ĵ½ʥˮڣҶ桢ʥƺʥԶࡣ
ʥǽˣȴһ̯ӡ
ҲΪҶ浱ֱǧӵеսѪþ񣬽밽˲ʥˮٵˮ֮ϣ°밽ֱ֮ӽ֮ǰͨʥڼˮĵˮͲµľͳͳˡ
濴ȥ鷳ûˡ
ǣ鷳ںߡ
Ҷһˮȫ¶ˡ
֮ǰˮڰ㰽ɣҲû취ȫҳ
һˮҶиָսãɱˮһֲ
ڣȴȫ¶ˣԪˮ
ʥʱȻ̰ȴûлͷ󻯣ûаԪˮˮХ¶
ܹڲԪˮХļֵҪ򲻵ѣܱ¶
ôһˮ塢˵Ǳˮ붫ˮһĽĿ꣬ǱϽµˮ
ǱܱߵˮҲҪϴһߡ
ɱŹ
һҶˮߵĲãͱ÷ǳΣա
ҪǣʥˮܸˣҶǵҪڡ
ҪǶʥˮҶ½Ψһͨͳûˡ
ڣҶ桢ʥƺʥ˾ʥˮ
ĵܣʥˮǾԲܶġҵ뷨ǣռеʥˮˮشˮƷεˮС
Ϯıˮһս
ʱҸأ붫ˮҪʥˮ̤ǵʬȥ
˵ʥ΢΢һ٣ӦӦסʥˮĿܣ


2794 
ƾеܲסʥˮ
⣬Ҷ渲ʥ޺Ҷһֱݡ
ݣǿǡ
ͨԤ˫սԡĵȵȣó
ҶľУֱһڶǷŴԷսսŶսֵӰ죬ǷŴѷսսŶսֵӰ졣
˵һڶѷ
ݣϿ仯Ϳܡ
ǣ˵ǵѷ£Ҷ޷סʥˮ
ˮʵ̫⣬Ҷ򺣾Ȼ񣬵ָ½ϡ
򺣾뺣ˮսʳûʲô
ҶĽۡˮĴϮĿǰǾزסʥˮġ
ûҪҪģʵʥˮ
ȻôزסǻصıҪ
ʥƺʥ뷨Ǿ
Ҷȴвһ뷨
磬磬ƣʧˣ˵ؽʧʧأ˵ؽԴ棬ҾģǿԿսԷʥˮҶ˵
ʥˮƺʥһģʥˮǵĸ֮أ¹ǵؼ磬ôܹ׷
磬ס𣿡Ҷ淢ʵ
زסĿԺܴ󣬵ֻҪһϣǾͲܷƺʥ˵
£ûסĿܵģ磡ȻزסΪʲôҪ㻹д磬ôϵɴҶʵ
ģ˼˵ķͨô죿ʥʵ
ҶٴСܱߣͬʱ뾸ʥƺʥĳ꽻
磬ûпǹһ⣬˭֪ʥˮһͨСϹŲ󣿡

ЩǸϹŲ⣬Ѿ˲αװΧһرΡ
ȱڵʥˮҵҲֻǸαװĲر⡣
οҲѱԲһССʥˮ
෴ģʥˮ⹥ˣûκˮĵʥˮġ
֮ͨķʽʥˮ£ǲܱ¶ϹŲġҶ˵
ǾûϹŲˣƺʥʵ
˭˵ģһССʥˮˮ廹ܳפһλ컯˲ɣ
ֻҪֻܹҪҪʱԽʥˮȼˮҶ˵
⵹Ҳǣʥ˵ͷģսУôŪ㰲Űɣġ
ã
ܿģҶԵ˲á
ȣˮñڱУԻ⵽Եϴ
ȥأ

ˮܲ󽭴Ӵ٣԰ôˮ塣
Ҷֻϵˮһϵˮñļ뺣ڸһˮϮϳ뱱ˮϵ
Ȼ˵ˮп׷뱱ǱڵˮϵŶ
ʱҶ򺣾ɲǳصġ
һˮ׷뱱ڵˮϵǿɾǳ̲ˣʱˮ½л֮£ǵĺùӳԡ
ͬʱ²ñˮڵˮ
ˮԱΪص㣬ܱߵʥˮˮشˮˮ²ıʥˮκˮע⡣
ȻһգҶ潫ʥˮص׵ϹŲСķԼ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫλꡣ
һκдʥˮϹŲڣҶͿԵһʱ֪Ӧ
ؼʱ̣Ҷִݻͨ½ϹŲԱ½
ȥԺ취
ȷʵսԣҶͽ̯ӳӸ˾ʥƺʥةԪ˧Ͼʥ¡
սԺƶˮغϣ²뺣˽ݵ㣬ڱڶˮϵѰҰ֮Щ鷳£Ҫʥƺʥȫ
ȻҲֻнǣҶܷġ
Ҷ棬뿪˱ֱɵ
˵ɵɽ䭵ʾҶ淢˸ʥ
˵ʵɽ䭵ʾðġ븲ʥȥˮɱҶļſڣҶ涼Ӧ
ʱ򣬱ƣҲӦ֮£Ͼ򺣾ǿܴ򼸿Ŷ
ϾޣһʧȥսƣһһˮĿǧΪλġ
£Ҷøлá
Ҷˣ֮Լظ
ңҶģĿǰ£б֣˵ͻɵϡ


2795 ؼĿ
ȿڣĺڻڴ
ˣʬµǰɵôü˺ƣڲŻر
ڻһʥǸ
ΣʥȰ״ˣѾȥˣȻ飬ֵ֪ġ
ǲɵģڻ͵رʥĶʥ
ʥ¶ã֮ɫЩ׺ڻ˼
һ򲻺ϣҪϣһκƱҲйϵ
ǲǶΪźƳŪ˺ƣڻһӵ
ʥ󺧣æص״ˣȷʵ̫ʱֻᡣ
Ƕӻ֪صģʱȫģΪһ棬Žһ£Ҹܺأôɱ
ڻĶʥβŻͷҲҡ

ڣ
ȥƵ䣬ҪˣҪʬ
ǣ
Ϊڻʥ뿪ʱ򣬺Ȼӵͨһ˵ʧٵĺƴʥйء
ʥӭ򣬷ˣȴһѲߵĵͽС
ͽСֻ֪˸һ̳þƣһ˵ǻõһ̳þƵʹ͡
׷ʥӳһ̳ƣͽʸ˺ڻ
ڻŭɶҶɱҶ
УȴҶնɱƴʥһĻԿó߶ӰߣսǳԶܹϿ
ңл˵
һʥһϴˣҶ֣ȴЩͷۡ
ҪҳһԸΪеˣˣܾҶ档
Ҷ棬նɱҶƣ˭и֮ߣڻȵ
ڻһɴʥ㿴ңҿ㣬㶼˵գһݻƵͷˡ
Ҷɾֹ̫磬ȴڱĿǰĵطмǧ֮ң
ҪƴʥѷĪǲһӾǰ䱱أնɱԱѪޡڵģǺڻϰϾʦȣ䱾һͷϹŲԺݣݶǣΪڻء
ǲһӾ񣿡
Ȼڻ⣬ĶܹСѪˣĿʶĿʥ
ڻģΪֳʥӦִѡ
ʥȴǴ󺧡
ʥȥģҶʵȻǿʲô̶ˣȥƴʥ
ࡣ
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ģϾز죬οԶǧɱ˱𣬸οǸҶ棬˵»д޿ײѲ˾
Ǳǧɱˣ¾⻹Ǻܶġ
ԣڻüͷѪѵˣ
Ƕںƴʥɱһ£üĿȴɱֵϢȻҪǵֶԸҶ棬һ
Ŀǰֵд֮ʣлȫţռĵ̺Դ٣غδĵλͻȨ
ѪһҪģڣ
֮ǰŭޱȵĺڻҲǻ˵ͷ״ֵģںվ˽Ÿеǻƴʥ𡣡

Ժɽ֮ϣһɽ۾ҡ
ڣʦ桢µԶ֪Ƿֻڴһ
ڻûϵʦüͷ΢塣
̸ϵֻʹȻˣЩʦǣɲúŪԸĹͷһš
ȴüҶԶԸɴɳһλ컯񽫳֡
ؼһδ
ҲþҶ
컯񽫳֣Ķ̫ˡҪ֪ɣ컯˽֣ӵѶǵصѣò˵
ݲźãһǲźʰҪҵǶѡ糵Цһɱ
ͬʱ̫̫࣬ˣЩѣһͣɲɱ
ңĿǰĴƣԲܱƻֻĿǰĴƣĴơ˵
һ糸ͬʱ˵ˣĿ˺妡
ȻֻǺֱģӵıУߡ
ĵӣ֣ÿʦ˭
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һǼܾصͽԲܳΡ
滹µ糣ԺΪ
ˣȨҲġ
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ĿǰУΨке컯񽫵Ȩ
ڶƻȻʼִܵļؼĿѡ˰ɣٴοڡ
Ȼѡˣ޲ΪһĿ꣬ȻFȻҶ棬ȻǴžųʦ˵ֻҪ⼸ˣĿǰƣԻһϡ
ţѡĿͺãҪסΪ˽⼸˵йأǲйأ
ף


2796 ޷ܾĺô
ɵĳ㡣
Ҷִɵʱ֮󣬾ɽ䭵Ĵ£õλ
Ҷõƶ˽⣬õλΪרǱޣʵеֵơ
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λڶ̶̼ʱȫ룬˵õλ𣬿ºͲǰרǱˡ
ҲӲ˵ˣĿʼˡ
Ҷںģõλ̫ϣǸʲô״̬
ҶҲǳĺ棬õλ̫ϣʲôΪأ
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飡ҶҡҡͷҲν۽ΣҿɲպҵΪôһλӶһ
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سٴοˣʵãִ㡣Ӣ˳ƶþͿ˳ƸӢɾʹ¡
ϧ۱ܱߣӢǱʵģֻҶԪ˧һˣҶԪ˧֮־
ǸҶ΢΢˹֡
Ϸ֮Ȼ˲ãǾͲǿ
Ҳܴ׳֮ԸҶԪ˧ӶȡҶԪ˧ϽؽɽŵĻᡣس˵
ؽɽţҶоһ֪ǺɽţкԨԴ
ںĴ½ܶ࣬ųɾţ
ҪҳĴ½ǿɣɾξˡ
ʵĴ½ɲ򣬴ĳ̶ֳԣҲдѹԭ
;Ҷ˽⣬ʵĴ½ִôɣĴѹѾûˣֻһѹ
һߣеѡǽأǽһֻ۷Сأ
ѡʡ
ǣЩǿ󴫳еɻ߽ɵĴѹûֹͣ
ɳǱߣÿǧ궼ɨһߡ
Ҷţ˵һֱڱ׷С
Ŀǰñֳôõĵ̾Բ
λ벽컯λ컯˵ɣҲˡ
ɣȴɵӦй¡
سݵĻش̹ȻĳҶϣҵʦŴмΪԶżأҪ׷ݵʮǰ˵ǵվ˶ӣ´б
ʦ־»ָɽţĳг֮ҶԪ˧
Ҷ沢ûʡ
ҶϿ϶д鷳ȥҲԷû˵
Ҷֱ鷳Զĺá
Ҷ׼ھܾʱ򣬴سƸҶһ
ҶԪ˧еĺˣˣҶԪ˧Ŀ
ԵɨһҶǾͷ˿ЦߣҶ޷ܾĺô


2797 õͶ״
سݸҶеĵһôҶ޷ܾ
ÿṩһӣҶгʹ£ÿɳĵӡ
ٵһɾԵοÿðͬṩһǧǧӡ
ЩҶ޷ܾ
Ҷı̫ˡ
ΪλõԭͬʱħˮвÿһսҶ涼ʤ
ԭҲܼ򵥣Ҷɴ̫ˣգ취
ǣһõļ룬ϴΣҶ沫ȵ
һԱˮҶҲ˼ֵ
ңǳ£ÿԵĵӡ
һҶͼ޷ܾ
һֱҶûκξܾĿܡ
ÿɳʮ컯򱱺£ʮ컯˿Բս
Ҫ˵Ҷȱʲô
컯ˣ
Ϊ컯ˡ
Ȼ˵Ҷ棬λ֮£ɱ컯ˣǣչ黹˺һҶϣɱǿ⡣
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պҶұµ࣬Ҫ
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밽ӳ֮֮£ȴǼȵķŭ
Ϊ壬壬ڴϣȴҶɱͷ컯˵ǶɱŶӣȥĵˮ˴롣
һΰսܣĺ͢ڵӰͱȽϴô࣬һҪȨĶȥ
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£ӳİ밽ԣ̶ʮʱ䣬ͼµľˮ岿ӣ׼رˮϰ׼
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ȻϴαҶɱǰ밽Ժ⣬뿪˴󺣵ԭںףɱ壬̫ˡ
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һ·ϣ֮ˮȫǱµĵ̣аڣһ£дľ롣
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ҶλȻɱ컯֮ܣǳԹһοİģǲٴϵġ
ǣ飬ҶȴǴôسõģͲһˡ


2798 п
ˮɵﴦѾǱˣҲǱĺˮˡ
ˮԽˮʵԽǿ
⻯ˮʵѾ˱ʵ
ҶռݵıǽǳУʵϴһء
⻯ˮƽҶ浱նɱĹԴǽˮҶ濴ĵˮʮλ
Ҫ֪İ֮⡢ɵϷλĹԴҶ浱ԴսʱĵˮϹԴҲλѡ
ڣ⻯ˮеˮʮλ
ҶĴسݷ·𿴳Ҷͷɻ󣬡Ҷ˧֪ˮϰ岻ͬ
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ʦܣʦܣ׼ˣسݿȌ
ӥǹüȌ΢΢ףʦ֣Ȼ׼ĲˣټһЩؼãͿԳˡ
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Ȍ΢һҾ֣תͶҶ˵Ҷ˧Ҿ䣬õֶΡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦһҾ֣ȌԶȥ
ҶһҾ֣ǻȻЩɻ󣬵Ǿ䡣
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ڱˮĻˮӦõĿ֮¡
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Ҷ氲ŵսУǾˮע£ˮȫϹŲͨ
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ʱˮܱصһˮ΢΢һˮͻָ
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ʦ֣ˮ徫У컯λλ컯УֻλȻ㼯ǧλϣˣˮȻߴʮ򡣡
ĿҶ氵ԵһˮĶԱȷʵޱȵǿ
Ϊ˼ӿоٶȣ밽ȻٶʮˮѺУһǧǰУԤư֮󣬽뻯ˮ˵
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Ҷͷ֮࣬ͷȻ˾κˣñֳҶеĻҪǿ
Ȼ԰밽ʱ֯ˮڲΣָơ
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ͬʱˮ֧ʱϵµг˽⣬õ鱨ҲǷͬһ㡣
ʱתۼˮܱԭƽĺˮͻȻͱӿ
ˣԪЦִһ⣬Ҷλһ˵ȣĸɸɾûһ˿һϢɢ
Ҷ˧ֶ֮ΣΣȌ鿴ҶЦ
ҶӦһµ
ȻȌ鲢̫⣬ǲ𣿡
Ȍ飬˫ʼ𣬾ͶúҶ֮Ķλ
ԼĶλǣҶǺģΪȻ˵˫ûϵ֮λʵϣһ̶ϣǴҶġ
Ҷ濴óسݼλЩȌΪȌֵΪֱӡ
һʣпɣҶ˵ĺ档
ȌɫһʩԪɫҲЩҲסˡ
ǶЩļأԹġ
ҶԪ˧иֶΣŭ֮£ֱӶҶ濪ʼѡ
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Ȍһʱ֮仹ûתôͻȻͳķˣתͷ˹Ȍ飬ͬʱ¶֮ɫ
ʦܣķ

Ȍ͵سԺľųһϻķסˡ
Ҷ棬ٿԼľȌе֮ɫԽԽŨ
ҶֶΣǾ̫ˡ
ͷ϶ֽŶֱ֪


2799 
ԼͻȻ֦ѿķȌɫͱѿ
ţ˴س֮ļλɫҲѿ
˶ףҶķƣ
Ϊʲôô˵
ʵҶúʱֱȻʼˡ
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ʹӱչ¶ԣõҶ棬ȴҶ档
һʼõļλԴ˾ΪչʾʵϵԽ
Ҷԣ뷨͸ˡ
ȻҺ˫˺ô͸ţǻ͸˶ţը̶浱Ҷĸǰ׸ģҶģ
˵ģҪڱұ½ɽţͽһ㣬Ҷͳеźܴķա
ԣȌһʾʵϵԽʱҶը̶ˡ
ڵһʱ䣬ԪȌ齫Ԫ᳹ľӣ뼮ҵҶ涯ֽŵĺۼ
ҵô˵Ҷֶβˡ
Ҳ
Ϣ֮ɢԪ鲨ȌɫԽԽѿգһƺ֮ȌеǸ֦ͳͳ˷ĩ
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仰˵ҶԸ⣬ʱԸȌԴһǺݵġ
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Ȍ鱻ҶӣĿǰ£һسҲ̫ʣֻܰ˵
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ڣȻܱߵˮĸ½ΪԵľִˮˮһһӭˮڰá
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һλ컯һλˮ塣
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˵꣬óλ컯ڣԴ˴иֲնɱλ컯ˡ
ΪǬߵɱҾ󷨣Ҫλŵǿ졣
ʦ־еˮϵͨٷϲһ档ֽһݸȌ顣
ʦܷġ
ֽһɫݸ˶ʦõһ档
ʦܷģ
Ŀֿʦ־ͨԪͨɵˮϵԪһ档
ʦܷġ
˵꣬еһ죬ȴЩˣʦͨͨͨȴ죬ȴƲˡ
һ죬ֻһת֮ʱնɱλ컯֮ʱһڣǱڣλʦܿɵչһùһ컯ߡ
ԣسüͷһس˴˵Ȳ٣
ʦ֣ʱв֪컯ĿߴλߴһǧԭԤɱ󣬴ʱֻ㼯ķˮ壬Ԥ̫࣬ʱǬߵԲȫ
سݳ䣬ҶͿڵྫϵͨһ죡


2800 õ
ҶһڣλĿⶼеҶϣĿУȴɡ
Ҷ浱ɵùǻֻͨ񾳵ΪЩҶȻȵ𣬵ںĴ½ҶԴսǸ
ҶԪ˧Ǻ£Ƿ컯ˡָ
ԲᣡҶţ˵ʲôسݿˣϷҶԪ˧
Ǵ߶ķ󷨱õעس˾ڵһʱ䣬ͽһ򣬽Ҷ档
ᣬҶҲĲˡ
ڲʵҲġ
ڲôسΪԴڱݣֿԴسĿ輪׵ͨ
ǣȌԲ̫ߺȣȌƺһߵģЩҡڣĿǰ
ֻվسġ
ڲڲңΪͷϻмλʦѹƵԭ
Ϣ֮ҶͷʾȻ󷨱仯˽ˡ
ҶԪ˧λʦ֣ɣ
еɫ죬⻪һʹʧˣͬʱҶ水ԣԼϵ֮УͻȻ䣬ĪϢͰסҶ棬˲ϢҶԶȥ
ͬʱϢҶҲȻҶ浹һ
鱦
Ҷ濴ȥô۵죬ȻһƷ鱦
ȻҶеһƷ鱦ôе죬϶ҲǺƷ鱦
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ҶЩ𾪡
ĵߣԻһ鱦ΪԸŬĿꡣ
һǬߵ󣬾鱦ʵݵ̣ͬһ㡣
õʵܱҶƵĻҪǿ
ͻȻ䣬ҶȌʵϵԽôġ
һ޵ϢͻȻӺˮ뺣׵΢΢һĵޱȵϢʹ˷㼯ɰǧȲõ󷨽ڵ㣬ͻȻ
Ǵ㼯һһɲǼ䣬ǿĪϢͽˮ˷ġ
ˮڣλ컯ͬʱһðķԸ˷
ĵ͵վЦУаĹ⻪߶˼£еľڡ
ȷеľûκ쳣֮󣬰Ĳŵ̫ӵҪ˭ıӵң
ͬʱˮ޿ײĳ˻ˮУˮϲޱȵˮʱȴñȵ·һ֧εĴһʼɱЩˮ
Ҷ水ҪйһԪϵȻһ졣
¡¡
ʱˮضɽҡ˵ޱȵĵش̣ˮڵˮ뱼ӿˮȴʱĶЩˮγѹƣһ㣬Ƕá
˲Ϣ䣬гɰǧĽˮˣкüʮλˮ䡣
¡¡ıϣ˷кˮ͵Ĺ
ҶĸӦУص׷Բʮ֮ڵĵˮ֮ƺ뵽󷨵С
֮ġµľ뷽Բʮ֮ڵĵˮ֮ս
̶䣬е첻֪Ҷеζ˶ʮࡣ
ֱӵĽˮ壬䣬ˣĿǧ
˲صʧðǰԵ۾ˡ
һδľ񣬴ɶЩֲľ
ǰĻǰԣ߶Լӡֻǿѹһˮϵ
Ҫ»ٻȫֱ֣
ǣ̫ӵ£
λˮ컯ˣ֮ǰȫ֣컯֣ѣܶһˮõĸı䣬֮ǰһֱš
һɲǣǿޱȵ컯ʹλˮ컯ӿ˷𵴹ȥ
컯֮еˮϵ׷ױ
ͬʱҶ˵е죬˴ĿĹ⻪ֻһʼζ󷨣ֱȹ
컯Ҳ޷忪󷨱Ե
ֻ컯ĳ£ڱĿĹ⻪λȻ֡
ţֳߣ˳
ˣȻԤϵһΣеһ֮ͬʱһ㿴͸⣬Ҷ棬ѹû뵽һ㣬ֱӱ¶ˡ
ҶԪ˧Ǹ㡣Ҷ淢괫
޷Ҷ밽УҲ±¶ֻǰһҶ棬۾ʱͺˡ
ҶģôĵӣȻ뱱̫ӣ浱ұˮ𣿡
˵ţľָҶŭ컯ѹķˣȫͻƣ󣬸ɱ
˭ɱ뻯أ
һ£λ컯ʱʹ߶еʼܶԿ
컯˵Ƿǳǿλ컯֣ϢһƬ󷨵תرܴ
ͬʱҲЩͽǿߣ˳ֵĻᡣ
ʱһǧһǧеĴǿߣ׷׳֣Ҷķǿк
ôǿߵĺ˵ǵ컯ҲӲӣҶɲǣȴٴ
ʦ֣ˣ


2801 Ҷйϵ
һɫ͵شȌӭǵǧࡣ
ȥ
Ȍ߳һɫͻȻȺ֮֮ڹеѹһˮ塢ǽˮǣ׷ױϺ
һɲǣɫͱžۼһˮˮɨ
Ĵڶɰǧˮɫ֮£أΡ
ɲǼ䣬ˮѪɺӣɫ֮£λ컯ˮ⣬֮
밽Ե˫Ŀ˲Ϣɳ˹Բŭ쳣
Ҷ飬Ҳþޱȡ
ñֳʵһαһҶ𾪡
˵ȌյȻ˵鱦ȴǺ鱦еɱֵ鱦಻ضۡ
ҶܹӦɫͷ̫žƣдܡ
ܽͷ̫žƳõĵ̣ǲ򵥡
ҶȴûжʱȥЩΪ֮ǰʣһǧһǧˮĹǵصĺ
Ҷȫ߶ɲǣͻȻʹλķӿм󷨵еζУҶĴ£ͻһˮһǰ˺Уͽһǧһǧǿߵĺ˸ɸɾ
˲ͽΣջȥ
󷨿ֶΣҶٶ𾪡
ҲڴʱɫȻô˻ѲߡĴΡ
֮Ѫ
Ǹһǧˮٵˮ壬ʬɣֻԪﰧŵɡ
⡭⡭ⲻʧѾõôᡭĿɫָ߶µ˵
ľ޴֮ϡ
౦౦ӡѪеĳ裬ЩӡѪеĳ裬һԭ
̫Ϲžֱӱ֮ԭնɱѪ񣬵Ĵжôײҡ
ȴӡѪеĳ֮һ
̫ʱڣݺһλԻʱڡ
ʱ壬ɲǹĺУռ˴ƬƬ½ɽ
̫ź̫ų̫Ż̫̫ŽȵȣǺĵͳ֮һ
ĳһ죬̫ͻȻʧ˲١
ƾʧġ
˺ܳʱĻҡ
ʱڲȨ˭ҲûȤ׷ȥֱܾ˵巴Ӧ
ҪǣֻһѣкüѣÿһѶܾˡ
ٺ¾ǿ˸ͷһĴܣ壬
ǱΧŹһԽԽ
ֱ󲿷̫ź̫Żĺ֮ڣ壬ӳ˺Ĵ½ⱻ¾ˡ
˵ǵ忪ʼ˥ı־ֺ޺Ϳ־壬ΪѪԭ򣬴ÿһѪС
ʱϳ밽ŭ־ѹ޷
˲Ϣ߶ΧɱصȌ飬Щߣٴ
ʦ֣ˣ
еͻһһͳ˫һܣڣֻƮһ̴ٵ
̴ٵҶڣƽ棬ǶǬߵɱеڶˮԣȴ紷ħ
ɱڲҺİ˾ǧԪ꣬һУ׷ޡ
ЩˮҲһɫҰޱȣˮǣΪߵĵԴҽΪ͵ģ۾һʧȥκϢ
ɱ
͵طһŭһ̤ش̾ʹӵص״ܳǵһһĴֱӽЩܵ𶯵ˮǣǺ«
߶ϣ֮ˡ
ѵˮ壬ȴûӹֶΡ
ˣĴˮ壬˸˵⣬ȫû
һǧٲ
ٵҲн
ոջһȌⱩ߳һٴǲˮɱȥ
ˮһȻûκζ־׷˷ܹһ
ǣǬߵɱУµɱҶĵشĳͬһá
ˮϵɲǻһ㣬Щˮθס˵ܿŲһҲޱȡ
һĻӡ
λ컯ˮ岻ðָӣһҲǽ߾ܵĹҪˡ
λ컯ȫȌٵѹ֪
ɽ
ͦһŭһӰɽ嶸طɳλ컯ǰ൲סλ컯ˮȫ
Ӱɽ壬λ컯ˮȫ£֧˰ϢǣȻ㹻ˡ
ˮϢʱڣȻȌɱ˴롣
ʣ©֮㣬ɱ¾£ҲѾ
ʮ
һǧˮˮ壬ն
սҶ澪Ŀ࣬ǰ밽ԣҲǵɵۡ
Ҷ棬Ŀ⾪˵սֱڵڱ˴ֿڣȥǴģһӵţƺͨﻹ˾˵ɱҲ˰ɣ
϶ǴʯͷģҶϴ㻹ЩϵأԪ鰢ﲻݣ


2802 ϻǲϣ
йϵ
Ԫ鰢˵ҶЩ£ôܣ
ͷǿ̫žΪƣԭϻַҶ˿֪
йϵһƵģҲпйϵƵġԪ鰢ĵ˵
йϵƵģҶһ£ѲǵĻ𡭡ʦʦƵģ
֪Լ˵˴𰸣ҶȻޱȡ
Ҷеʦ𣬾ֻһˣǾ½롣
ƽ½롣
Ԫ鰢˵ͷû⻹ͷĽɵĲ˺ü
üѣҶŵĿȥһȭͷ
ûǿһѣͷƳһ鱦ܶ࣬ɱ
бǿģҶǳԾԾ֮࣬æʵˣȥˣ
ȥģͷһչˣǼ鱦ͷӴ͸֮áԪ鰢˵
ˣҶٴȻô˵ֳȌ飬ŵˣ
Ҳ˵ҵʦֵඣ
ʦֵܣǿɾ˵ඣԪ鰢ҡҡͷŸһӵӣ⡣
ңпܣҲʦֵܣֻпʦֶͽͽ
ʦֵܣֻа˸ҲԶֻа˸һʦֵܣԪ鰢ͻȻͱü
пʦŵأпĺأ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪͻȻ𣬡ǸֳֵΪǵƵĺƷ鱦֮һ˵ĵ֮
ǬߵɱҲŵش죬ȴʦīƵĺ鱦Ϊ
Ҷ˲Ϣ˰Ԫ˼ôֳŵʦرһʦرĿԣǳС
ʮа˾ţŵӳĵǾһ
ˣҲ̫õĴسݣѵûдϸӦϤϢ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ˵
ϤϢ
ô֪
ȷʵӦˣȴ벻
㲻سݵϢࡣԪ˵
ҶٴȻسķһ
ΪδسݿԶϤڳܣҲܣ
ԣԪ鰢¶˱ӵ񣬡ϲŻ˶˼
һ첻ǲɱ֮ͨپڳ϶ȥġ
ܶϤڳܣǲǼ˹ˡ
Ԫ鰢ıͻȻ任һĲҽУҶĵڣ˳ɰǧɫ⻪һԪ鰢ϣһҽס
ȻҶ֪ûԪ鰢еôҡ
һСֺзִ磬Ԫ鰢⣬Ҳôҡ
ȫԪ鰢һܲҪĿŲҽС
ٸҶԸ״˲ҾԻڱеĸңС
ҽֹͣԪ鰢Сһһ޹
Щӵ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ𣬡ʵ˵ҲҪĶ񣬳֮У̫࣬վԶϤɽڳܵģ
Ҷ
سݲԶˡ
ȻԭҲʵڡ
ҪҶķһȥĲڶԣҶ滹ûǸʱ䡣
ô˵õЩˣпŵˣҵĺඣ
пܣһԪ鰢ѵһΣ⼸ͨطŵĴҵ
ô˾ۼһ𣬶ֳʦرпŵҴߡ
ҶʱͱüŵҴߣʦŵˣǡ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷ뵽һ⣬λõλ󣬻λ̫ϡ
λ̫ϣ᲻ǵҴİλʦֵеļλ
Ȼ䣬Ҷ뵽һҪ⣬ҲֱԪ鰢鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ˵
ֻ֪ʦֺȻ䣬ˣҲԪ˵
һ£Ԫ鰢˵ܣҿԻС
ԣҲԽΪʲôô꣬ô֮ʱΪӦôֻΪؽɽš
˵شǻ᲻Ȼ֪ʦĴˣŻҸҺҶͻȻʵ
һΣԪ鰢ᶨҡҡͷӦòᣬͷΪӣǾزеģƹ¡
ǵ棬Ҳ㲻ͷӵĴˣοسСӡ
ΪλҺ
ӦسСӵͨҲݰɣпسСӱʦݡ
ݳд֮ˣŷŵ̬Ԫ鰢˵
дˣҶȻ
Ԫ鰢һİۣأ

󣬰ԪȻǻϿȷþŵҴģôҪҪݣأ
Ҷ׳һܹؼ⣬Ԫ鰢󣬻鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪʵУ


2803 ¶һ
Ԫ鰢鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪҶѯ£һ鶼ޱȣǻһЩõ¡
ǿڣҶѾ֪ǵĴ𰸡
ʵҶҲֻ֪һǵ뷨ҶȷõпǵŵҴʱҶ˾
ʦ½ҶΪھλ״ʱҶŵʦʱóȻţһҪһۡ
ⶣҶǵá
Ҷǵʦ½İλӵУһλͽ
õԣλ𱳺󣬸һ̫ϣôλ̫ϣпܾʦ½λ״ӡ
ҲûҶλʦ֡
λʦУûͽֻ˭ͽҶĲ֪
£ҶóȻϡݵĻܻ
ҶϴҾģά״һȽϺõѡ񡣡˰죬Ԫ鰢ѵĸһ𰸡
ҶĿ⿴˰Ԫ
ѡļ̳ˣôľһȷġԪһֱܵ
֪ˣ
ӦһҶĿͱüᶨ
Ȼʮа˾ҴʦֽģôҪĽӴҪеġ
ҪҶôҶͽƾͼƣӴԹۣõλ̫Уûͽ
ҶڵԪ鰢鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ꽻ٶǼģ˵ô࣬ʵʱ䣬Ҳֻһ˲ѡ
ۿŴһǧˮ屻ɱһգֻʣ컯ˣ밽ͷıֱ޷ݡ
һǧˮ壬ڱչƣ컯ˮ壬Ҳ档
ڣȻɾɱˡ
밽һеĸо
ǣˮѪȴð밽͵ؾѡ
ⲻǿţѪˣʬɽ
ð밽ͷһĪĺ
ȫͻΧӦİ밽Լͬʱŭ
һɲǣλ컯˻аġ֮ڽˣͷ׷ѡһͻΧ
ɵǣѡķҶķ
Ҷ汾ΪһսµǬߵӦҶҪ׵Ķࡣ
ȌľǴɱַΧɱ
⼸˷ֿգһΧһ𣬼ֱڷǽ
Ϊԡĵ˵ļУִӵĸˣֱӽһ
ĿǰΪֹûչʾʲô˵ɱ鱦ϵͨȴǼϬβ׷ɱ
һɱİġԵǱޱȣλ컯ˮ壬˴˲˵밽Ҳһ˺ü鱦ǿ
ܾˣֱһ컯ˮİӸ飬컯ˮָˣҲʧ˽֮һս
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Ҷ沢ûиܵΧѹǱλɱǱޱȡ
Ҳеģһת͵ÿһλסǣ飬ǣ
ò˵ĵȷģƺҶ֮
λ컯ˣȫ崦ڣǰֵ£ðһλ컯ˮȫ󷨵
ǬߵתͻȻɬ
ǰеļǿĺ鱦ټһۺʱͽ󷨵ѹסˣ޷˳ĵܱˮ֧֮Ԯ
û󷨵Ǭߵܿʼֱ½˼˸Ϊս
Ȍ顢԰벽컯ΪԿ컯ˮ壬ȥû̫ѹ
Χѹ
ȻϾ֧ԮˣԸԱȴûκ⡣
ܿģľͷһ㡣
ҲһϾͿˣ׹ܿģٴҶ档
ȥ
Ķһ鱦ͬʱȌ컯ˮ鱦ʱסӣڣҴҶķƿնɱҶģ
е鱦չȴһϸϸܵ˿Ȍ顣
ʦ֣СģɷǸ컯Χ
֮⣬ʵҲܼ򵥣£п󷨱ơ
ʵҲЩΣ󷨣ܸоֵֹģôһ㡣
ʱѹȌ飬Ȍ¶һ˿֮ɫԭСܿ鱦ͻȻͣôһɲǡ
ͣôһɲǣͱĵ˿Ĳס˵ǵص˿Ȍ顣
Ȍŭһȴֻܾ˿ż컯˼лҶ棬ȌеҶԪ˧һҪסӵʱ䣡
ҶԪ˧¶˲֮ɫҪһʱ䡣
ͬһɲǣҶĵڣԪ鰢ġ
ȌǹģԼŶԱܿ鱦˿ֵġ
ԣҶ氵ЦһȌĸйȻ½
ҶȌڴ˹ؼʱ̷ˮĸԭ򣬾뿴
ֹؼʱ̣Ȍ黹뿴󣬾˵ǵ
£ҶЦȻλѴ֣ôҲҶĳ¶һˣ


2804 ٴɱ
żлλ컯ˮ壬ӡˮӡͬʱҶͷ֣ɫɫĹ⻪˸䣬Ҷǰ쵱С
ɲǼ䣬ҶܱߵˮĿɱɱӡ
ԭΪ󷨵ϾƵĵˮҶʱͨӡˮӡ쵱УӶ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷǰ͵صˮֵˮǬߵתӰ£ޱȵĹ졣
ˮأˮ
Ҷ߶֮£طס˵һλ컯ˮĹ˵ȵĳ˴ʱΪ컯ˮٶȡ
ҶԪ˧ֶΣ
̾ԭҶ档
ΪҶһҲױͻƵһʱҶ汻λ컯ˮΧѾᵽɤۡ
û뵽ؼʱ̣Ҷ¶һ֣Ȼ͵󷨵סơ
Ҫ֪ǽ֮ɱУֻҪһʱ䣬ܰڵ
̾ùȌ΢΢һҲˡ
ǿҶֶΣֻˮ׼֮ϣԸ
״ĴһҲҶķ
ĺòҳĻᣬȻԸʹ˷Ź
״ٴżʦ֣ʦ֣ǿ㣡
ҲżˣҲˣܲãȌֵйϵ
ֱԣֻôߴ١
ȌӦţֵȴûӿ죬Ҷ棬뿴ҶӦԡ
Ҳڴ˵ע£Ҷй⻪һһž޹
ˮùЩǰɣ⡣
ҶҲֻͣ͵ؽе񹭿¡
ݣ
䡣
Ҷ䣬ֱһ˵ˮˣ컯ˮ循ĿУĹţһƬѪ⣡
ףֶΣң֮࣬¶ϲ֮ɫ
Ҷȴûκֹͣ˼е񹭲ϵĿϣһһ䣬ֱӽǰ컯ˮǰ˰׹ǣ컯ˮ循ֵĴ
ȷʵʺˮʩչΪںˮУȵļٶȺ׼ͷᱻ׶
ǣ˾Ҷǰʮ׷Χ֮ڣӴһУҶﶯ䣬ûκ⡣
һϣɵϵİŭȴϺ䣬һƬ׹ʹҶǰӿ
ӿ׹ǵв󣬵ȴǳᣬǵжøӻ
ʱһҶʮ˼컯ˮ壬ڲ˻Գ亣壬̺ˡ
ٳȥҪûˡ
ոոϵһλΪ컯ˮ壬ҲЩ¡
Ҷô
ף䣬Ҳ
һ㣬ֶ㲻ãֲ˲ãֻӡ
ƫƫרһ㣬ǿ컯ΪӲҲΪѡ
ŭϵ֮ʱҶ档
ͻȻͱС棬ӹŭУһɫ͵طɳݺݵĺ˰ĵı
°ı鱦Ĺ⻪ɫɽֱӺ˵ڵأĺ鱦ػ⻪飬ֱӾͽҶΧ
ʱǵɫ¶ݡ
Ȼһֻ
ֻǸղչƣ˭Ϊһֻͨ
ҶӦһƷ鱦ı
İķŭҪҲǵĸţһǵϡ
飡
ɫٴֱӽĺ䵹ڵء
ҲǿһΣҶ濴ŶۣȻûѪ
Ҷ濴ǿˣóֶΣôȌ飬϶
λûҶĳеô
ҶЦһеٴηͬʱע˺ɷҶ׼ƽ֮նɱһλ컯ˮ壬֮࣬ҲٴԼ񹭡
ʱȌȴͬʱеľﴵһתΧ컯ˣԼĽͻȻһġ
ĵ˫Ŀиʹྪ֮ɫа黹ͷأô
Ű𣬰Ĵ߶סȌǼ鱦Ҳ΢΢һ͡
һɲǣڹȌ߳У
ң
ȌĺУľ͵缲һͬʱһɫ⻪
ʹĲҽǰ컯ˣֱӱһͬʱ̺ĪѪ꣬ٴγ֣
컯ɣ


2805 ɱ
ż컯ˮ屻Ȍ֮նɱ˺һһ
Ȱ밽ԷӦһֻƽƽٴηɳֱӽǰ컯ҵڵء
֣Ȍװһǰ컯ˣͻࡣ
΢΢һ컯˵ԪʹѪٽ
һĻҶ۾΢΢õͬһ㣬˺֮£ɱ컯翳вһ㡣
ҲֻӵмǿŵĴеǿߣʵ֡
Ȍû컯ǿߵľһʵʱͷӵ˼£ּͽΧҶһ컯˸նɱ
ֱӽ밽Ծɫһ⼸λʱչʵ̫ˣͳŰкһԵܣ죡
ҲڴʱΧ컯ˣҲȌնɱ
ո밽ԻϵһİģͻȻһƬɢǿҿռϢɫۡ
ӣЦλ̫ӻ°ɣ
ڿҪҪ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪֵҶ棬֣ĿһϢȥ˼
ͼе͵һΣڵˮ֮ؽڱãһҶҲ̾Ĺ⣬׸ռ䣡
Ӧɫ˲ϢʧȥĿռϵ밽Եɫرѿ
ҲڴʱȌ֣ΧҶ컯еһ˵նɱ
£ֵҶ漱ˡ
Ҷ滹Ҫնɱ컯ء
ϣĿǰ״̬ÿնɱһ컯ˣ컯֮ǰļԹɱɷܹ񹭵ɡ
֮ǰնɱ컯˵ĳɹѾҶе񹭣Ʒĳ̶ȡ
һƷûʵƷע˺ɷ֮Ѿ˺컯˵֪񹭵Ǳж
ԥģҶ潫񹭿󣬲ðע˺ɷ
ͬʱӡˮӡ߶£֮ǰش컯ˮӴ޶ġ
ݣ
Ҷ񹭴˾˵⣬һǽһǵĺһ컯ˣ
ҶԪ˧ɣ
Хֱӽ컯˼أҵҶڽǰԪǿ֮
գҶһһ컯ˮɢ
̺ϢѪ꽵µɲǣ컯ˮɢ޾ɷԹɱ·һ㣬Ҷеɽա
һһµķ·Ҷеϸ֣Ҷее񹭣ֳ˼֡
һҶͽջ˵֮ڣҲ񹭵֮֮
ȻֳģȴǾʵһջص
ҲҶ潫ջصһɱͻȻڳ
ǿɱȴҶĵһ
ɱһ£ͻһҶڵ֮ڣߣҶɱ硣
ɱꣿ
ӦҶȻޱȣĿٴ񹭡
ھȻֳɱ꣡
ܽһͬʱҲ񹭵ƷףҲƷĳ̶ȣͻƵƷ鱦ĳ̶ȡ
񹭣Ҷ鱦׵ģҲɱǿġ
鱦ؼľһ顯֣Ҫſԡ
鱦ϺŪŪǺ鱦ϡȱԭ
ҶӡƳôˣ޷ҵʵΪ鱦
񹭣ȴ˶̵ʱڳɳΪ鱦
ԭǣ񹭵ν飬ǲȱģԽɱ꣡
ֻɱû飡
ԺŪ
ȻмҶһӵд컯˵ͻԵأ
ڴߣܹնɱһǱԿҫսˡ
Ҫ֪Ҷµҡյλ䣬е񹭣˼ǧ꣬ҲǴﵽƷ鱦۷ѡ
⻹ʱҶǴնɱ컯˵ĻᣬҪȻҲͿﵽƷ鱦۷ѡ
Ҷ̵ʱڣת񹭵ţʼѹǵɱꡣ
ֻɱ꣬ûԣ񹭵ɱֻ꣬ѹƣӡϢ
ת֮࣬Ҷһʱ佫Ƴ˵밽һ㣬һκòסˣɲܷඡ
ڣ밽ҧгݣɫޱѿĿ
Ǵıģɱֵ͵űĺıɣ
ʶ˹Ȍնɱ컯翳в˵ͣ밽Դʱ˿ǰЩˣնɱǵ
ռ䱻޷ֻ뵽в·
ұܰԣǱμ̳ߣɱ͵ĺ͢ŭ
ңĺ̫͢ӡ
ĺ̫͢ӰҶЦͻ𣬡ãɱ̫ӣûɱĺ̫͢ӣÿ磡Ҷ
˲Ϣ䣬ĵͰˡ
һֱ
ĸоݿŵסˣȴŲסҶ档
ͬʱҶոѹɱꡢɱɾͺƷ鱦񹭣ٴС
£ɱ²Ȼ˰ġ
ţɱȌصҶǰ


2806 
컯ˮ屻նɱ뱯֮£Ȼд̺ϢѪ꽵¡
ⱻɱ컯ȫˮ壬Ѫ꣬˻ˮΪɢģҪΧڱڡ
˻ˮܱߵˮǣ˴ô
ǣ˻ˮܱߵˮǣֻżһؽµѪ꣬żеĺô
ܶˮ壬Ϊͻأֵ콵Ѫ꼫Ϊ־壬·һıܿ
ˮǧĺһɽϣһֻϺѪ֮۾µתһ£СһڣͱĿ
Ϣ֮Ϻ͵۾ǷһڴڵƴռѪ겻˵
Ǿ޴ǯ뾡һа취ռѪ
ϺϢ޴Ѫ£ۺ
ۺģǺģ޹غΪ
ֻǸһֲһ۵ĸоһۿȥ֮ǰϺֻһеϺһۿȥ˭ԸоֻϺһֻͨϺ
ָоڲͣǿ
ֻϺͷֱᱳһĨߣӵۡ
ֻϺȻҶ֮ǰھ֮Źһתıһ顣
ֻϺҶֻһ뿴ܹɳʲô̶ȵ˷ܣ
ȻˣҲ
ˣСҶġ
ԣԵ֮Ҷûע
ֻǣҶҲû뵽ֻתϺһξȻڻˮܱߣƾ׼˴ô
ʱ䣬ֻϺѾǣΪתԭҪһˮǿĶࡣ
ֻϺֻǻ꺣ΪСޱȣɻš
һλԵֻ֮ϺΪ϶ͻͽ
ңȻˮս֮ǻλ컯ˮ塢һǧˮѪĺˮ˷ֻ֮Ϻһǿ־õϴٴμĳɳ
ȻǺˡ
ֻϺʲҸѪʱ򣬻ˮǬߵڣǰҶ۾
ɱ
ҷɱأȌҶͻȻͲˬ
Ǵ֮
ȌЦһãɱҲɱˣ
Ҫԣ
Ҷ۳򣬷˼ΣյĹ⻪
Ȍ̫ˣȫûôҶµľҶģⲻһͷ
ҶϢʼһΣȫڵɱ꣬Ծͣʵʵɱ罣
ֳæ˹˹ȌҶǰҶԪ˧ˣˣǲɱǣҪΪǸĺ͢ĺ͢ҲΪ˱ذİա
ʦ֣ͺһȌźǲһջ
괫ҶԺ𣬡ҶԪ˧밽Եݶܲһ㡣
һɱǣ϶᳹׼ŭĺ͢뱱֪ҶԪ˧ǲǣǵʱ򱱺ԴԴϵˮ幥Ϳ̼ǿ϶ġ
ǽչʾʵǸĺ͢һ棬Ӧܹࡣ
棬պҶԪ˧ҪɱǣҲǼ顣ܳϿҵ˵
ҶҲ˼ҪΪǣˮģûһĻҲ޷ͽ
Ҳʦֵ˼ʦĿǰĺ͢ȫ濪սֲһ䡣
ԣҶû˵е񹭣ȴʹɢȥɱ
һ밽Ҳһ
Ƿˡ
Ҷ治Źǡ
Ȼôһ˿ڴ
ڴҶڧڧǲ˳ߣлˡ
ǣǻʧˡ
ΨһˣǿԻ뿪
ǵλݺʵ䣬ǲǿˡ
λ̫ӣһҶԪ˧ԷŹλλٸͼıˮ´ţնģ˵
밽Զһ۵ʵǿ󣬻ȥǻʵ㱨Ȼ顣
ʱİ밽ԣǿֱޱȵϣ
ȻˣǷϻҾͲ˵ˣλ̫Ӿʹ뿪ɡЦ˵
ţ
ҶͻЩĿҶ棬ȌüͷͬʱȻǶҶЩ
һ·һ·Ҫ뿪ҪƲſԡҶ˵
ƣ밽Ȼ
Ȍ顢붮Ҷ˼Ȼ


2807 ·ߵĴʯͷ
λҶ֮䣬Ѫˣıұ˵ֵܷĿҶɡ
˵ʵں޲ࢶ֮⣬޲ܽǴңܽͷ֮ޣ
ǻ뿪˵ʵʵҲʵɡҶ濴Ű밽ԣ仯󣬵Ǻ⣬˭ܹ
밽Щ£ۿžܹӳˣҶȴôһӡ
⼸λԣ֮£ҪһֱӸĺ͢ĴͲԣ˵ģԻ뿪
뿪͵ơҶ˵
밽һ˼ҲɵһתʵǵУ˭˭˵㣿
Ȍ顢˼ôشʱҶѾʲõָԼ˵Ȼ
ߣҲţ
ɫһʶģϷ뿪ǻȥԻ͢뱱ĽսԣҪȻ˵Ǳˮ壬ĺ͢ǲݣ
˵ֲ꣬һ䣬ĺ̫͢ӵģ
ⷬùȌ顢ЩݣҶȴЦָŰĺȵǾ𰡣ĸҿûкõĽڡ
ϽģҸϽ㣡
ոջȻޱȵİģ˲Ϣͽ֪ͣҶ˱ֵɱλ컯ʱ򣬰ľ֪ҶǸļһѹͲҶġ
ޣ˻㵹İģһܿ㣬һȫʬ㵹İ
ıҶͨ죬ɾǲġ
ѡһۡնǣÿ˸ǧΣޣÿٷŸʮѪһŻȥ
Ҷ⻰ÿ˵һ׮ð밽Եɫѿ;弸֡
ɫһĲȻģйȌ顢λ
Ҷǣôǿãʲôʱɹ°
㿴ңҿ㣬Ͼ㸡ѿ֮ɫ
ȻҪ뿪Ǿÿ˷鱦ʮ鱦ƣҾͷǻ뿪Ҷȴǲǣֱӿ
ԣ밽Ծͱĺϲ£죬㵱鱦·ߵĴʯͷɱǣҲò
鱦Ȼ·ߵĴʯͷǺ鱦ԣȴ·ߵĴʯͷҶ˵
Ի˵ʲôȴסʱ򣬰ľͿˡ
ʼλ˭˵㣿ľҪóĺŭ׼
ĺ̸ǾϷǡ
Ȍ˵ʲôȴֹӦյ괫ˬĶҶһۣͱĬȻ
һУҶֻԹۡ
õĺԼУΪýôҶõĺ͵úˡ
ŵҴ߽ģҲð
οҶʵʿŵš
ǲЩһԺôݽӹء
ҶƣӦдسݵѹƣȌղû˵ʲô
֮£һжҶԪ˧ĺŭ𣬾йǣǽšգӲıð밽ɫޱȵѿ
ǡ
Ҷһȣ˰ĵĻϽٸǰϢʱ䣬Ϣ֮ǻûóҾֻС
˵ţҶ濴ʵⱲֳǹ𣿡
ɱ»ûɹȻӦһ
ҲûУһǿһԣ˵ǽҽۿɶӦ
㵵ӦҶ˵ͷҶԪ˧һ˵Ҳ뿴
Ǿ;Ϣ֮ɣ
ҶĻð밽ֱðĻԥȴǽͰ͵ǣû鱦
ԷļˣһԾ˵ʲôǻʮϢʱ䡣
Ҷһ仰ͽİĸˡ
ҪǱҶ濳ǡɶģǻ˵ĺڵҪˡ
һ𶪹ģǳ
Կ϶ǵĳ϶ŭ죬ϧһдһ档
ǣӴ˿ɾͳ׵ķˡ
ңǶǸ˽⣬ҪνĲϧһдۣ϶һĿɳܵĴ۷ΧڣΪǱ
Ǹĳĺ͢Ŀɳܴۣôĺ͢һѡĬ
һ統̫屻ɱ̫žһд壬ϰֻҹƨҷš
һˣľͰ̾һһΡ
ʵҶּۻֻۣܷΰҶּۻۡ
û鱦еĻˡһΡ
û鱦ʮ鱦һ鱦ÿ˸ʮ鱦ǵưɡ
ҪֱۣӽȌ顢˾Ͷϲ£
ʮ鱦浱鱦·ߴʯͷˣۣ
ðֱⶨ˫һ̯Ҷ㻹ɱǰɣûô鱦
óټ鱦Ҷʵ
ڴģֻһҵı鱦ŵĻҿԷſҵǲ鿴Ϊ˱ϣѾǻȥˡ


2808 ܼ
գ밽ÿ鱦һʮ鱦֮󣬱ߴ
ʵ˵Ƿߣ˵һЭ
˵̫УҪɱˣĺ͢ı϶򵥡
ҵʱݵľ£Լ¶Ϊսֳʱܾõս
£ոշıԻٴγ̵Ρ
ʮ鱦Ҷ˳һѣı̫ˡ
һǺ鱦
˵ʵҶ֮ǰ뷨ǣܿӳ鱦㶥ˡ
û뵽־Ϳʮ鱦
Ȼڰ밽Զ鱦ܾǵĲر༸ѣԽ콻ʮ鱦ʱҲʮֵʹ졣
ս˽øҶҶҲˡ
창밽ԻŻȥ֮󣬾ͻᴫݸĺ͢һźšҶ˺ǿ
Ҷ滹Ʋ⣬밽Խȫû֮£ΪӺͼΣ»ὫȵĿ
£ĺ͢ӦûصĿǽµģãҲ²Ҷȡʱ䡣
λս½ˣջôأսķ߻ǱģһϣҶ滹Ǻܹƽġ
سݵγ֣ȴûм½ۣҶ棬ҶԪ˧ôأ
ҶЦЦĽɻҲ飬ʮ鱦컯ˮĲʬԼһǧˮʬ壬ôְɣ
ʮ鱦ҶԪ˧ŰɣֻҪһ컯ˮĲʬģҶԪ˧ɡȌ鰺ͷ˵
䷽ҶȻֱ̫ˬˣ
سȴǿλҶȻǣֻǷûκβ˼һͷ˵Դơ
ҶҲϻ컯ˮĲʬʮ鱦ʵ̫ˣֻһ֡
գֻ컯ˮʬĲ֣ȫһӸҶ档
ҶȴǼʰĲֺ
컯ˮʵ壬һ⣬Ҳͨˮ嵱ǣˮ
ЩͷӣΪˮһЩ൱
ҶĲֺԪ鰢ȴҶĵƿڴ
һܼӣ
ôˣ֮ˣܼҵĵԻûиĹ
ʮ鱦ֱۣ
걻𣬻治ûɣܼҵԣ
Ҷ治ˣôţСӿҼ˲ǰɣ
ǣҵҶϴĸҲˣⲻӰܼ
ҪһĿţҲڡ
ǿ𣿡Ҷ۾һĲ⡣
ǣǻٳɶ࣬
̾䣬Ԫ鰢ѵõĸҶ˵˵ŵ¡
½봴ţȻͽߵǾӢ·ߡ
½룬µӴ󷽵Ҫ
ɵĵӣΪͻƵܻһֻи´󹦣пܻǿƷߺ鱦
½뵹ãµӼΪ󷽡
״ͻƵбĺ鱦£ͻƵйѵĺ鱦¡
ǵõɶôò˶ãҲҸڴ͸ӡ
Ĳ̫ʧ½ɵģŪ͸ӵġ
γһַر洦ɼļס
ף̫ϧ
֮ҴĵӣȻַԪ鰢겻ѡ
ҶƤǳ
ȻҶҲƤǳҶ濴ŵЩʦֵܣһ޶鱦鱦ֿɵá
Ҷȴǰҵģһ޵УŹκλᣬų˽Ҷ档
Ҷԣʮ鱦ջһǧߵˮʵ˼ʣµ컯ˮʬ
Ȼ˵ǵˮʬ壬߼ʣµ컯ˮʬ壬ǲʬ
ǣҶµħɲʳ
µƴһ£ܸЩħճһĹͷӣתһӵսѪսʿ
컯ˮʬƴһ£תѪӵекڵս
Ҷյ컯ʬ岻٣ҶȥõĿĲλ֮ȸڶߡھŵƴһ£ӵекǵ۷ս
ЩмʱҶѪþʵܻһʵķԾ
ȻЩˮʬҲ˷ѣˮˮ壬õĹͷӣҲȫתѪսʿ
ҪջǱͶˮɱҶҲǲ£


2809 
ЩĻ֮£ǲƸǺܾ˵ġ
Ҷ̸ɺʼþͬʼɽšҶұ¸صĵ衣
ҶĿǰʵ֮أֱǱְ꿤˳꿤ΪԭĿǰֻڿ޽֮⣬ְұ¸سǣС͵޽
ͬʱΪҶӰںԭҲ޽˼
ССʮͬʱ裬ȫκҶƾԼ²ʱ䣬Ȼͽˡ
õɽڵƽɽ
ƽɽѾΪɽõɽҲʽΪڡ
ɽŵһڹ̣ŸܽøԵɽͷбõɽͷһ޽ʮɽͷԤʮɽͷ˷Բء
Ĵ󹤳̣Ҷľ飬Ҫʮϵۣһϵľʱɡ
طӪʱ仹¡
ȴһֻһ¾޽ɽźһӦ
Ĺƺţ鱨ǰǰһʮˣǾΪԶľ
һùٸǳ֡
նû£ͻȻ˼ʮϰ֯ľǵȨ߿¾˯žˡ
㡢컹ţҶ棬Ҫڣƣڿ֯Ա̫ǿˡ
Ϊڽ޽ɽһ£õͳʮ򣬻ǿĶԱ
ţ鱨֧֣ɶõڰϡ
£һļˣңƽˡ
֮Ӱ͸ߴİ
ҪԿơ
Ҷ϶ƿơ
ҶѾȷھǵţǾˡ
ʱڣйڵ飬ҶҲǹܶࡣ
ھţҶ½ƽ̡
ǣŵҴߵ׷ɱ֮£Сķչô꣬ڵΣ಻ö˵
ҶøֱӾȥӹˣ˭ˣԻˡ
Щ죬ҶѾµľӹһ£ݲǡ
пܣҶԸ⾡Э׳ڣй۲죬ҳͽ˵
Ϊ߳ٺͺˣȻºܵ͵ڿɽ֮գʢҶǰȥ
½ɽư磬쳣
ڵĹһ㣬ţͬ£ִ
ڵسݣȻǵһִ
˲࣬ڵĿʽȴ˹򣬵ʽ֮سһ֣ʮɫ⻪ͷɽ˷
ɫ⻪صɲǣƾնɽڱεͬʱҲڿƣǷ
ҶǣһԪȻȵѹˡ
Ҫ֪ҶɫԪǿޱȣﶼܵѹơ
ô˵أ
ѹƵķȿ϶ܴ
֮ڵĻɽһκҪɽţǳѡ
ˣɽܱߣпռϣպҪ͵ˡİЦ
пռϣ
Ҷ¶˾֮ɫһԵĴҲسݷ·Ҷľȡ
ҶԪ˧̫ϴµŻɽ󣬾ǵǿߣҲǱ룬Űȫس˵
ʵϵ£ǻпռϣ
УʮǬΪ۵Ǭɽ˵ҲǺƷ鱦ԪǲԶˡԪ鰢һĲмȻѾϳ⻤ɽ
ܴػɽⷽǬǱˡ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ
ڿʽϣչʾĵ̺ͻ౦ҶȷȷʵŵҴ߽ġ
ҲΪˣǼɵǿʽǿ֮νĹͽܵ͵
ȻҪͽͽ׼ȴ͡
Ҷĺܶࡣ
ڻǺܻµģҶ治õ鷳
ڿһʼעҶ滹ڶԣԲǺ¡
⼸£ҶΪ밽ʾԭ򣬹ǾĶǡ
Ĵ½ĶȴСˡ
Ĵ½ƣһʱڣʧƿ֮䲻ͣǻޱȣչڴƿ֮С
ֱһգ䷢


2810 ħ
ʱڣܿνǷս𴦴
սΪħսߵܶµħ֡
ĿǰҪսһħʰɳĵϵӣĿǰڳһߣǳݱиݽʮݵԭĴдŻᣬѹƵġ
ԭԭĴźͿԻħʰ껵ĵϵӵġ
ϾǴͷĵһţԭµĴǴܶ
ǣԭµľţ޷ϺҲڻ
óһߵս˽֣˭Ҳκβ˭
һս·һսµħ̫ӴʵĴһߣħǿս
Ŀǰ޲ʱָһսߣѾո·ݳǡ
ΪħԴԴܹΪսȴ޷޲ıԴ֧Ԯ޲Ŀǰֻܼ·һߡ
սFֵĺһս
һսħʶ̫׷ָӵģԭսбģҶħ帹ɱǧħʶ̫׷µħòתء
ħʧأħһȥħʶ̫׷µδ
ҲFոݳݴء
ϧǣF޲һ鷳ܹķ̣Fѷ
ǾԱ޷õЧĲ䣬Fոݵͷ裬ֻںһħʶ̫׷յĴ֡
սѾȼս꣬ǣ˴ܵıͲ
˵һĹǣսڡ
ϧǣȴսȴĴ
֣ڴΧӴս
ݻݳԼˮ塣
ΪӦ崦֣ǳ˹
Ŀǰ崦ֵͷǿǵõ˶ơ
ǣҲǶƣҪ𣬻ҪʱսԵġ
֮⣬֮ǰִܵһһ壬ڸռ֮غ󣬺ǰһʱ䡣
ȫ֣һ廹ǻһ壬ʼٴš
֣žº࣬ĿǰҲûжľȥܣֱӷˡ
û취ıȻ࣬ȴȫǾ񣬴ֽ׶ֻܹϢ
⣬˵ĻĿǰڽ״̬սħĽȫλģҪľǱݣÿ춼ڷսֻûôΣˡ
֮⣬ħ̫ħڶʮһоܹܽͼٵĵսҶ
Ҷһε֮밽Դȫ𣬲˱ٵΣգͬʱҲΪܱ
ȻҶһμģǰ밽µľĺ͢ӵе˵ţ֮һëҲֻǺһ֡
ҶԿ϶ǣĺ͢ٴ֯ڴôҶͲ֪ˡ
밽ԵһαҲֻӻĺ͢ȫٶȶѡ
ĺ͢ƨġ
ˮҲһԱսأȫ֣ˮôΪһвŹôõĻᡣ
˵һսȻʵҶȴΪȡ˼䱦սʱ䡣
ΪˮҪǳǱԱǧΪģ˺ǰɼڱһأ϶ȫ濪ս
˵ܹܴһء
ҵǣʱҶӺˡ
ϣǴȻĿǰ״̬ӽķ֮һĹȼս𣬾ٹפصı߾⣬ȻȫͶս
⣬սһѹɽ
Ǳ޲Fˣһּѯսʵڴߴλĳս
ȻνĳսҲ޲Fڶʱڽħʶ̫׷ħ̫ӴµĴոʧء
ٹ֮ħħս˼ǧ궼û飬λں֧Ԯ
ܳĿǰǣ޲FϽѰҪص㣬ں·һߣ¹һħߡ
ܾļƻһħ߹ɹ޲F¸ߴİıУֻҪ򣬾ͿԼסߣ赲סħʶ̫׷ħ̫Ӵơ
֮һħ¹ɣôܾͿԶһٵĴǾ
֧Ϊ޲F֮һΪ˧ܾͿڶʱɨƽһǴ󲿷ֵˡ
ңֻҪɨƽһֵˣܿԻľͿԻһۼЧӦ
޲ԻĴɨƽݻôŸųĶʮԼĿǰָܱߵʮطӺ;ӢͿԹ޲¡
޲֮ƣɨƽ塣
¼Ĵܾ񣬽ħ壬ջʧء
˵ʵƻԷǳĸߡ
Ҷ֪֮ƻΪƻ޲Fƶм仹һҶ鲢ƻ
Ҷֳսָ֮⣬Ҷ鲢ƻһҪԭ


2811 
޲FƻҲǳʺϴܵ״
һʵʩɹôͿһŤתĿǰƣܹ
ɼƻϾǼƻ
һ⣬½ħߵķһ⣬ǱģܾܵĹƣħ·᳤ֱ벻˵ܲľҲʧ롣
⣬ܳܲ
ƻȴĿǰʵļƻ
޲Ҷ棬ҶʱЭħߡ
һħֽ߳״Ҷ򺣾ڵһʱԮΣա
Ҳֻ޲Fܷĵʵʩһƻ
ҶûκƴǣȻӦ
ҶΣңҶϲһĻ׷һĴս̵Ĺҡ
Ϊƻ޲FдܾѾܽ˰֮ãѾһ
ǰҶͽӵ޲Ľȫ䱸һħ߽ʱ׼Ԯ
ҶӵһԽɽȥܽпռ䴩սԿռ챦ڴܸ߲㣬Ѿܡ
򺣾Զڱ޲ֻܸҶ´
ħߣҲ˽ɵһ
޲´·ݾڵĴɽɽһͷһ·Ŀǰķ
ͬʱɽµۺ񣬿Եǿ󷨣ڴɽڲһ֧ӣͿԺ·ݡݾڵפγǺӦ֮ơ
ڣҶѾԱ򺣾ӣʱ׼֧Ԯɵħߡ
ΪԤһħ߽ɣħ϶һǿҵķˡ
ɾҶ澲޲ľʱ򣬸ոչ´ɽ޲һڽٵĻ£̤ɽ߷塣
ڼʮʿĿ£ɽ߷壬ͻȻ˲˵ɽǧɸߵɫҽ
޲٣½ʮˣԼǧˣҽжûüɫҽ
Ԫ鶼ûӳһ
һ統ѪӾǵϾžų̩һŵĸ߼죬ȫ
ֻǣʱİ̩⵽ڼɱ
޲ȴļ⡣
ɽ߷ͻȻҽٻ޲һɽ죬˵ȥ˭ţ
ô£ʱѾȥ֤
Ҫǣ޲ĵ䣬˾޴ıʣ
Ǹոչռ˴ɽµĴĳ׵ıˡ
޲ھױȵġ
޲һ䣬һ
ոձħϲ⣬ոչռ˴ɽĴܾӣɱɾ
ոչռĴɽʧصĿܡ
ҵǣ޲ռɽľӣǴܾӾеľ񣬲дĸ߼м٣ܿ֯ơ
Ϊ޲һµ˲صʧԣдĸ߼ϸF˼
FյһӦȻΪ˭ڸЦ
ʲôЦ޲ʲôĴڣ
˵Ǵս䱾ΪǸߴ۷֮꣬⣬˶ʮ˵Ѳ˾פ
޲ڱĹͼҳ
ҽ
޲ͺͱڵҽϴ趼û⣬ôĪĵҽжԪ鶼ûӳ
Բܣ
ǣϢF֤ʵһ㡣
FȷϢ֮󣬵ʹѪ
ʹʹΪһˣսҪġ
FԴǰȥԮɽ
ͬʱҲۿһ޲֮أʲôŹ֡
FֱΪ޲䣬϶⣬д⡣
ϧǣFԴԮڰ·Ͼһ֧ħħӡ
ǰߣħħӣ飬F磬ɵǡ
ǣ֧ħУȴλӰħɱF
ҵǣѲ˾פFߵλҲǳԸɷģʱ˴ɱĵӰħһһ˵ĴۣɵλӰħشλӰħ
ɾһΪȫ˵ʱ򣬰ƥ컯ϢشʼӶ
ʮǹһĺɫʷʯһֱӽFɸӡ
컯컯ħ֡
ֹ컯컯񽫼ħϳʵĽľ쳹ɲǣʮFɸӵʮɫ𣬶رʮźɫ
Fܱ߷Բǧڵ˺ȫ˻ҽ
һ𻯳ɻҽģFԪԪ˸й⻪鱦Ļ⻪
ոջħħӵFĵϵӣһĻֱӱˡ
Ȼ˵˶־֮Լҵͳ˧Ը汻ɱ׵ĻɢǴǶԾʿĴֱ޷ݡ
Fɣһͬɱģеĸ߼죬£֧ԮɽҲû˺
Fдĵϵӣ֮£ͷĲӬһ㣬ڵһʱ佫Ϣͨȥ
ʿ֮һʮʮ٣ٴǧȻǾĴ
ոҪɵħߣһҹ֮䣬ͳױ˵İû˾ʿĴħ׷ɱ֮£ʧء
鴫أٹ𾪣ػʹһҹƻͨ
Ҷõ鱨ȴѾǵڶˣ


2812 
ܣ
õ޲FҹʱҶһʱˤ˱ӣǰţҳ
ţ鱨
߰ʮһʱ˴ɽ޲·ݴɽ߷ͻݣɫҽ޲󡢽졢ǧˣѣһӳ
߰ʮһճʱһ̣FʾǰԮɽʱħӰħħŷɣ뽫սǧ࣬ʮ񱻻ս롣
ţ鱨ֻһ򱨣ѹ㲻ϸ鱨
ϸ鱨ûУ
ݼϣҶƪĲܡ
޲FĴܶսϵɣѹܷ飬ǧûгֹ顣
޲FĶ죬ǸֵıǱıǳĶࡣ
ãԪҲӳ
š
ֻǣţ鱨һǴ·ݵģ󲿷Ҫس֮ϣʵ޷ɡ
ͷŭҶ棬ǿ侲ܲŪϸ̫ˣѹ
УصķӦأ·ݵսأԼսӦأ
޲Fˣ֮ǰǴܵľʯڴս֮󣬾ǴܵʯˣǾ
ͬһ̣ĿǰĽħɱ£ҶĲ̫ܣ϶¡
ħ꣬Ҫħдɱͳ˧ˣοൽϡ
ߣ룬Ҷ涼š
ǣܵĶԶͳ˧ıУǱ䣬컯Ҳ޷˳ɱ
˧ؽյĳỹûнսķӦʱûйķӦսǸոյ鱨ˡ
·ݣΪԼսħ·Ѿʼò˼죬ոոûõ·ݣܾͻʧݡ
λ˧ʱϸԱ඼ΪĿߣΪսѾɢңҪ飬Ҫһʱ䡣ţ˵
ԴˣҶҲֻεĵͷ
֮ǰҶȻӦ޲򺣾ʱ֧Ԯ½ħߣΪ˱ܣֻ޲ϵûн鱨ϵ
Ҷõ鱨õĺ
ɣʲôչҡ⣬ľصңȥһҶţ˵
νôĶ·չһЩ˿켣ģҶͨ鱨ԱȻѵóõ鱨ˣҶһˡ
ԴˣţûԼҵĴ˵ı£ˣ򣬿ܻ컯Ĵڣȥ飬Сġ
˵ͷҶ뿪ſȴͻȻ
һλȴҶ氲ֵͨѶŲҵֵ
˧㽻ʱֱʹǼСͨѶŲбΪͻȻ͹򡣡
ݹϣʩؽƣһؾַ࣬ʱٵĽơ
Ǿܡ
Ϊ֣ҶͷһݣʱΪСͨѶŲ
ɵĲҶ佱һ䣬Ϊ˷ܵȥݽ⿪Ʋ鿴ݣոոϵһæ
˧ڴس
ţȥԺ㵽
˧ش˵ˣʮ֮£Ҫϼ㡣
ţ
ʮ𼱣
˵һʱ䶼鲻á
Ҷһ£˿нصôˣֱҡ

ػʹǬڣỹڽС
ʱܽĳᣬѾʱˣڼ
ԭȻ޲Fһ¡
ҲΪ¹ش󣬴ܵسȫˣʮλеľҲ˳ˡ
ǣԶ^ĻӊԨ߻ӊءŸų飬žųנD˵ľѪҲǬڡ
ةࡢӊ飬ʦ棬λ֡
׼Ҳ֣׼Ӳأֻǳ˾ѪΧݳ
ʵ׼ľѪһ־ϵΪ˸ָӼѡ
ָսԵģľ죬Ͼҵר
˵¹شܹƹˣȨس춼ˡ
ȻҲ⡣
籱Ҷӷŵĳ֣Ӧö¹شܹ˵ʱڡ
ֱڣҶоѪصıݹڣȴûб֪ͨ
ʵһֱԵ
Ҷ볤֣Ȼų˴ܵȨ࣬ȻҶҲǼȨûꡣ
ʱǬڣ˾Ԥ֮£Ѿ亹ʪ͸ˣͷѪȻʱԸĵģǬڣճƵ˼¡
ϵʊ¡ȴһŭݡ
˵Ѳ˾ǸʲôԵģ
ɳıأ
սǰ˵ˣѲ˾ϧһд£ڵãѲ˾Ƥӵ£Ȼħɱˡ
˾죬ǸʲôԵģ


2813 ˾
Ǭڣʊ¡ڷŭ˾Ԥͷʾûѡˡ
ʵ˾ԤҲЩԩ
ܾɣϵͳԪ˧λѲ񽫶ʮλ
ȫģҳȫѲ˾еľǿ˾оӱĸ֣Լ˸Ϲ£һ֧С;Ӷ˲ǣ˵һûӳ
ƫƫͷˡ
Ҫǣ޲ȥɽ߷壬FȥԮɽʱ⡣
ƫƫʱ⣬νħɱ߰յļ׼
£ѹܣ
鱨Ĵ˾ԤԺȻֲּĿԣ
ĵģȴĽ֡
޲FӰ޴ǶԾǶ£ܳöҪһ
ޣŵȥˣʊ¡͵سŴ˾Ԥ
˾Ԥͷ亹ˢˢľ
鷳ڣɱУűУλս䲻ϵϡ
˵
ŭ֮£ʊ¡ͺݺݵĽϵһӡ˴˾Ԥ
˾ԤҶ㣬ֻӲˣͷѪ
ӻ۾ĿһĻеϲɫѾ˲١
ʵʊ¡ʼʱ򣬴ӻЩϲˡ
ĸʷˡ
һ𣬾ͿѪпܻʹȥԭԪ̲˵
ؼʱ̣һµĵǲ۹͹ġ
ʱ˳֮£ͿԳΪ̫ӡ
һΪ̫ӣôĿǰ£ϵλİգͱʮþˡ
ǣôӻЩ⣬ĸôã˵ѪεȻûС
ֱ
ţ˾Ԥʧְ޲Fй¶ħɱɣݶλն
Ƴȥն̨̣ͷһɽʿ飡
ʊ¡һ£ʱнʿƴ˾ԤȫǬϡ
ǬϵȺ𾪵ģҲԹ۵ģǴ˾ԤȴǾˡ
׵׾ˡ
ʊ¡һӹΪùӻµ۵ǻȵλ֮û뵽µۻûǻأȵùˡ
£
˾Ԥһ֮⡣
ʊ¡ȴδᣬԤ׼ĸԾЧȣвְߣɱ⣡
£
ϳȥĴ˾ԤٴΰһžѪʊ¡ȴδš
ͻȻ䣬˾Ԥˣ׻ȴʧϵôˡ
Ϊʼ䱸֮һڸЩѲ񽫸ԴͻƵʱؿֶʩչȷҳϡ
ϾӰȥٵʵֲ̫ˡ
ϣڴ˾ԤʵϣЧڻʵ۵ġ
˵˾Ԥ֮⣬һָܹ˾ʊ¡ˡ
£
˴˵㣬Ĵ˾ԤҪ˵ʲôЩʿȴޱȵķḻһж°ͣһĽԺ룬Ԫ顣
˾Ԥͣˮֱ£ǱޱȣһУȴǾ
֪ˡ
׵ˡ
ʵ˾ԤܾþԤſܵùһ죬˲׼Ǳȫϡ
Ծʊ¡Ͳ£һʵƤӵ£ҪǽŮߣϾͻᵹùˡ
ԣļƻǣµ۵ǻ֮ʱһּˣ
µ۵ǻ֮ڱ֮ǰһּˡ
ֻҪˣµӦòΪļˡ
ȫûϵᱻʊ¡
һɲǣ˾ԤǼеһŮ
˾ԤѲ˾һֱûгɼңΪѲ˾һѲ֮󣬲ųɼңӣӡ
ⱲΪʵ۵ӥȮȻǻȴصĴ󲿷ֹˡ
ŻãˣŮ
³ֱ
صĳЩĥ˵ֶΣֱ
һ˲䣬˾Ԥܶ࣬ʱ䣬üˡ
˻˵Ů˾Ԥʵǡ
˵ɢ군ˣǰĹϵνѣ»һڵһʱƲϵ
ȻһӣҲô֮
Ǽ֮ȴûһŮ
ģ̸֮ͣ
ʿٶȺܿ죬ʮ·ն̨͵ˡ
ۿϾҪն̨ˣ˾ԤУͻȻ⡣
һͷ⣬һѪ͵Ȼ͵رһѪ⡣
ʿ˴֪ʲô¼һ飬˴˾Ԥ
ȷ˾ԤԪڣȻն̨
ͬʱش˾츮صľڣ˾ԤľѪ͵ѡ
ѵɲǣ˾ԤľѪٶ¼򣬵ּͷ˳ȥ
˴˾츮ɲǣػʹն̨ϣ̵ն£˾ԤԴɲǣ˾ԤԪ飬Ҳһͬ
ڵ鱦⻪ոշɳо̽һֻ֣¡
ˣȥɡ
Ϣ֮󣬴˾ԤԴǬʊ¡ոһδ˾죡


2814 ֮Σ
ݹڣڴسݵִ֮ǰҶոü临ӵַ⿪Ƿһɨ
ڲΪڣʼͽ׼ȴǽڻΪһڣسݴƺ
ڴسݣҶҪ㹻أӭ˴ſڡ
£ֻһ򼴿ɣ鷳ӭسݣҶһЦ⡣
سȴһأ¹ҶԪ˧Ϸ򲻵òһˡ
¹ҶĳҶ΢΢һ͡
ϷѪѪ֣ΣգϷľĪ
Ϸͨޣȴ㲻ΣϷ붯ʦⱱѪ⡣
ʦݵĽǣҶԪ˧Ѫ֮֡سݺ֣ص˵
Ѫ֣֮ҶĿһЦѪ֣֮кξ壿
أʦԣҶԪ˧һεѪ֣֮ԲСģ֮Σ
֮ΣҶ鶸һ
ҶԪ˧ǲţسݿҶģЩż
ţ
ˣسݶҶͻȻת̬ȣЩǲš
õͨķǳţҶٴθ˿϶Ļش𣬡𣬿иϸ𣿡
ҶõͨҲŵŵģţȫģһġ
ԭҲܼ򵥣Ҫ֪ôʦ½Ϊʲô䣿
ôˣ
ʦ½ǹ컯
ȻҶô룬ʦ½Щʵˡ
š
ô£Ҷڴسݵľʾǲȫŵġ
Ҷڣֱˡ
ҼسݵʦȷģһСģ֮Σ
컯񽫣
Ϊħ컯񽫣ܻ֡
Ҷе˵
ҶսħĶԭħʦ⡢ڵħĴʦġ
ڽܹ֪ħʦϣĹᶥʹ͸֮ħڵλֱԴҲǶԸӡ
ǰͻƵ֮󣬳Ϊħ񹬵Ĵʦ˵ħڵ˵ǰߡ
Ҫħ񹬸֪ħʦħʹ֮䴫ϢλԵְء
ⱳ󣬳֪ħʦϣĹᶥ͸Ҳ䱳ħһ֧֡
Ҳ죬ͻȻ͵֪һϢħ֯һҶնж
֪ϢҲڴˡ
Լħ֯һҶնжҶһǰնɱħڶʮһоܹܽ۵ı
Ϊ˴жʾ֪ħʦϣ֪Ϣ
֮⣬⻹͸¶һϢħ񹬻컯컯񽫣п϶ħ컯ս
ΪħѪ֮ս
ҶΪʲôͻȻسݵʾΪ鱨֧֡
ȻҶͨҲŵ֮࣬Ҳӵĺ档
ȥȷʵǵΪλڴǰ֪
ϸûУ
سҡҡͷʦÿһҪСĴۣݣѾǼˡ
ԣҶȻ
¹ڣسһ񣬡ҶлشģҲشΪʦˣҶĳл;⡣
һسûжˡ
ҶԪ˧ҲӦõġʦҶԪ˧Ѫ֣֮Ҳ˻֮س˵
ôⷨҶЩ죬ܹѪ֣֮سݵʦǿɾˡ
ܼ򵥣ҶԪ˧ڱоްֻ꣬Ҫ뿪ǣҶԪ˧ǰȫġس˵
ԣҶȴҡҡͷô˵ôЩס
ʵҲûҶԪ˧ΪսԣҶԪ˧Ѫֵ֮ģ϶컯Ĵڡ
Ϊˣڽפ컯ˣפ˵⣬컯˽פɽš
һб䣬ڵλ컯ˣϷˣ˲ϢڱϿգԱҶԪ˧ȫس˵
ӽʮλ컯˵սҶʵ
سݵ˵ͷ
컯أҶͻʵ
컯񽫣س³룬һţʮλ컯˵սԵס컯
λ컯񽫻в컯أҶٴ
ҶʣسҲ˿ţһڣҷ컯񽫳֡
Ҷ涨Ŀسݣسһţ͸¶õʵǳš
һѪ֣֮Ӧÿƽɹ˵䣬֮ǰܹҶ佱ֵͨѶŲ󷿵ٴδҴǰ
Ҷֻ⽻ЩСͿռŲ̳ʱֵŻֱҶ档
϶кҪ鷢


2815 ˾֮
ҶոսӹֵʹҪţͳҶ´ſڡ
ˣؼڽеĳϣʧְ֮ݶ˾Ԥλҵն̨նʾڣ׼սսʿԾЧȣοսཫʿ
ͬʱڳϣѲ˾δ˾츮ԭ˾³Ϊ˾졣
ţļҶ浱סˡ
⻹Ƿͻ䣬ʊ¡֮£ʵ̫Ҷˡ
˾ԤԻʵ۵ģ˽֪һĹ³
ĹӽκιԱ壬ڹԱһɾܾ
˵˾ԤѾһ³ļ¡
Ҷ汾Ϊ˾ӥȮùҲµ۵ǻһʱ֮û뵽ȻЧҵʊ¡նˡ
ʵǡ
һʱ䣬Ҷ澹ȻЩ벻ʊ¡ΪʲôҪ
ʵ벻ͨ
˾ĺõӥȮʊ¡˿ɱˣԷ书
ֻǣȴϧ
Ȼ˾ԤˣڴΥǼĻʵӥȮͳˡ
Ѳ˾ڲֵܣȴΪչ˺ͻ֡
ҶҲǳѲ˾ԤҶչ˲٣֮ǰҶ滹ܹԤΰĶݡ
ǵսֻӡѹͻʱ˾Ԥǰ˴æ
ҪȻҶ浱ʱΪܷͻƵ˵ء
ӪȳֹҶ붯λʱ˾츮һֻһֻۣҲǴ顣
һ£˾ʲôʱ룬ȥһ̡Ҷ潻һ¡
ǣ
СҶЩԥջ˵˳˾ͻȻ϶ûа׵˰жŵ㣬ܰľͰһ£н˵ģ֪ͨҡ
գҶ滹´
Ҷģ˾ɣΪǲܲˣʵĲ̡
ȴţЩԥˣǣǲе󣿡
ţҶĿ⿴ţ
˾ͻȻƽڳĶ࣬Ҫչļˣ鷳Сţ˵
ţˣ˧ţ˧ͻչ޶һӣǱ˧أҶĿⶸرޱȡ
ţ鶸رôΪ֣̿ϥصˡǴκαʣ¾ǸͿأҲҪôȫ
ҶĻ˻֣˧Ǳģڸ˵һʵ
˾Ѳ˾ڵֵܲȻңҲࡣļѣ˧޶ã
ľɣ
ףȥš
Ŀţ뿪Ҷ̾һʊ¡£ԽԽţټơ
̾ϧУҶ滹ǵиոյһ򣬸ղŻûϸһϸʹˡ
ϼӳֵķַѲ˾еķַ
ңϸַҶЩˡ˾ԤĽ
λѾն̨ϱնɱ
Ѳ˾ڲ൥ϵĶŷַҶ˾Ԥ֮䣬һϵõĶŷַ
֮ͨѶõ䵽Ҳǿݵġ
СĽ⿪ݣҶסˣͿЦ
˾⻹ǿ
ȻһŮи
ǰ;ֻƽ
Ǵ˾Ԥи
ؼǣҶܾãҲ޷ܾ
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2816 ֮
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2817 Ļ
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2818 ֮ʿ
£һֻΪоһֻΪñԪڣȻһʷ⣬ӶõӥĻᡣʦĽͣȥЩ԰ס
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ͬʱԼҲһԲĹҶǰѪ
Ҷ֪֮ʿ

̾һҶҵļȻߵԤһŮǰҽҶ棬ǸǰӽҪҵİţһǡúûţ
ҶĻأԤĳӾ͵ָҴ죬ɱɱĸױ𡭡
һЦһԲĹ
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˾ԤĳӣȴǸֲԤûѲ˾
ˡ
رݹĹܼңʹ˺أҶһȣǰӦ
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ǣү
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2819 쾭壿
һ׵Ľ죬һƱ£鸮̤˽һȦӣĴۡ

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ϵӣҶüͷ


2820 ȭ
ܵĵ۶أʱ򣬹غҪһأͿܽƶ䣬ͬ˿֮һ
еʱ򣬹һĲֵ
ʱó飬ǳҪ
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ѲҪ𣿡

дһЦѲտǱЦţ˴˾ԤۡϿա
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ѲտæҶЦ֮ǰ͵õϢˣϹȴڣȥæһȥˣæ͹ˡ
Ҷеͼ֮ɫѲǲҪˣôæҪȥæɣæ˾ķͷɡ
أҸոһڸ˾տ˾˵
ڸ˾
£ҶЩ죬ƺѲտ
ϵ飬ҲȻޱȣѲտȥڸ˾ʲô
ǣϵרȥһڸ˾ЦţѲտ飬һ򶶳˲Ϣɻңȴȼ˴˲Ϣͻɻҽ
ҷڸ˾һݸոɵū浵ҪŵĴ浵вϹ֮Ҫ˳˳ָˣҶѲʹǲǺܽҪ
ԣҶЦˣѲտ˴ĴָȷʵǵһȵĴ£
Σ
ʹ죡
ãҶѲʹһޣˣͿеѲտЦЦ޼ɵЦУˮɽ
ˮڼ˾죡
Ҳ˵Ѳ˾ڣֹ꣡
ӦȴıףǡǼֱ죡
Ȼٻڸ˾飬Ҫȥǣ
ȥ棡УѲտЦѲ˾֣ڸ˾Ϲ飬Ҳܱɲϸ
ȥһûзɣҶȴǶתϵĿ⣬׹⡣
ڣҸˣ
ϲɵôŭҶģ㻵ҵĺ£һûʣĴӵʣ
Ȼ㲻ӵʣ
ҶһЦȥ
ʩչشϵıޱȣҶͶϱȭ
ϴǣȻűҶˣҶֻǺзִģʱһԼҶڱᣬ׷׾ǰԮ
ӿҲԵͷѣҪǸŲӽ̧ʬȥ
Ҷһʱͽϵסˡ
ȭȭУϵĲҽҲϾָǣֻĿԼҹȭ


2821 
һȳһաҶ趼ʶϣǱҶͳ˾Ԥĸŵġ
ȻϺҶ޵ҧгݣҶš
û취ҶӲҪҪֻҶųˡ
ʱĴ˾Ԥĸۡ⣬Ǻֵģ˺ܶࡣ
ȻЩ˲ֵģѪ޵ġ
ܲһռԲඣܵ˳ǰɣ
ԣǶڵȣϳȻٳڶϾ֮ǰҶȥҲ֪ġ
ҶȻʧˣǲ̫öԸ
ǿϱҶųǸʱһ;ˡ
ҶһݹȻŹ
ǵ⸱ģͷҪҰ
һΧ˵ȣԾ֮࣬׷Ȼ
ҶŻڲҺߺߵһ̣ɿˡ
ҶŵͻȻûп
ž
ͺܱ׼˸ĵأ
Ҫ֪Ͽɻ˰
һģǲҽɱҪң
Χ۵ȴһɹǣǿŶ۰
ϵʱŸҳȥϣһͶ߷©ϾָҶƿڴ
ԽҶģҸûꡭҴң·ϣҵţ
ҶЦˣҪϲ¾Ͳ
תͷҶϹ˹֣ȷʵ㣬ôͬŶ֤
Ծȥ棬˾ڸ̲ȥ棬ʹȥ棡
ҶĻڶȻһɲǣҶоǼڽˡ
˵һ򲻹ˣ֪ȥ״㻹ʲôؼ̺ȥɣ
㣡
ϱҶ仰ӶֱˣӵԲָҶһ
ޣˣһƷʯǰҩѣǴ»Ǿ⣬´˹
ҶӳһöָӵϵĻֱӽɪɪ
Χ۵ȴһɹ壬׷¶˾֮ɫʶһ
ҶֱµϣʱͷӦ˹
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ҶĲ״ھҪ˾Ԥ˵Ĺǡ
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Ķ嶼ҳˣԸмＸ
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·ϣôȥȥ¸״ʲô
ʯ˰
ʢҶԣǽԪ˧ͬΪҶˣȥ뷨ȥ״СƨܵоҪǴˣ˿ɾͶˡ
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Ҫȥ棬ڶˣصˣҶˣ˿ޱӵ˰
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˻ū飬ֱһͨ󻹱ҶƳɱ￴ֻ
ؿڼٵĹ˹ģģ
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Ҷģүүˣ
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Ҷٴι˹֣վĿԶȥԶҶһɹȴĹĿע£öӻĴָ
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еɭȻ֮⣬һɵȴĹٴȻ
ޣˣλۼҪ˾Ļܴ簡
һڵȴĹƵĲУ˭Ԥһ޲ԤʬϲŲա
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氡
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ϵĸ׵ΪʲôƶΪǸ̫ˣǶˣ
ԣϱҶɱӺЩǶʵˡ
ҶĿע£ٹֱŤͷߡ
ˣڶˣ
ʵ壬νıֻǹһڶģ
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ˣֻһڶˡ
һֻ
£ûã뿪ˡ
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˾ԤˣѲ˾ڣȨϸ㲻ϸ㲻Ҷ棬ô
Ҳֻܺ޺޵Ŀˡ
״ҶһδߵĹǹ˹֣ת븮׼˾Ԥĺ¡
ͻȻ䣬ĽŲͿԶӶ׵ĽͻȻͿ˴˾Ԥĸſڡ
վڸſڵҶ棬һɲǱϾޱȡ
Ԥ˵ȣ˵ÿһͷĽ嵽Ҷǰʮ㡣
һĻûû뿪Ĺǣʱ˷ˣ




2822 ޼ƿʩ
һöзƵĽɫҶǰҶϵãڴĵ
л֮󣬾ʹǰִǾ
ɽ
֮ǰнɫһҶͱÿˡ
ҶǲÿǾԿ
ԿǾԿܶԿ
ܷ˵ҶҪǲÿֱ֧նɱҶ棬ûκ
ͼˣȻҶ۾Ҫ֧˭ġ
ɫ֮£Ҷ沢ûÿλ׵Ľ죬һͻسʰߡ
ʱߵĳͬʱʰߡ
뻮һĳʱʹɭϵɱ
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Ҷ治
ˣ㻹ôţ
ȻҲ֪ĸҪѪ޵ͨɳⲢǿ֣ҶԱҶ浹ù
ȻҲпǻʵġ
Ϊܣأܹ֧ʹöˣû
˵ģǾ馣Ҳ֧ʹ
ǹصҪҲǻʵεǻʵ۵׾˽˭˭ɻ䡣
ǡ˭ĽҶֱϢıӡ
ִоĽ죬͵òֶԸҪȻֶҶϻ
ĩ޷ݼضĻĩǷҾͳľǰԤҴߡ˵
˵꣬ٴδߵ붼ÿҪִо
صԭԱĶ࣬
һģȻˣŹһٶʮȻڵȸ䡢׻Ĵˡ
۵λߣȴͳȫֱڻʵۣǻʵ۵һƺֶΡ
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ʮ
ţ

쵹ʱȻ
Ҷ۾гһ졣
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ԶΧһĻһڹǣҶҪԱЩˡ
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ףһ˲ȥŪɾˡ
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Ҷڣܻܲ뿪Ǿ˵ˡ
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ֹŵĳѸٵִ󣬳ֹƮ³ܣҶǰ
ҶǰɲǣΪĳƵ̫ĳƣŽĸƺ˰벽
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ҪǼ˵ⳤϿģǿ
Ҷ棬û£
Ǿ
ֹͲ˵ˡ
ӱ˵ǻҺͻʵ۵׾˽
Ҫǿ˳ֹǾ˸һԺģȻһԺȴ˵Ůһ˵Σ
˲Ϣ䣬ˣæһѶʾ
Ҷ볤ֹ֮࣬Ҳ˼Ѷ
ȣŪ֧Ƿ˭
˫ٶȶܿ졣
ܿģյ˻ѶյϢ뽫죬ûнһĶ
ҶҲյѲտľĻظ
Ѳտڵһ£ǹ֮ݹ̣͸Ҷ洫Ϣ
ݹЩƹ壬Ҷ޷ġ
ɣзĻӣŵָǧȨΪ̺ͰȫĹ
ÿһε֮ǰҪϱõͳܵ
һǰҾͳǩ˴ӻľ
Ҳ˵ǰҶ涯Ƿӻ
ֻҶЩףӻҪѾĴ˾ԤһŮʲô
˾ԤѾˣѲ˾Ѿȫ̽ӹˣҲûɶôˡ
˵ӻӦûʲôȥĳޣô
Ҿ֮£ֹҲϲ̫õġ
ҲڴҶ˼ĵڣʷľʦͿʩʩȻҶС


2823 
μֹ£ҶͿܵ
Ҷ湰˹֣ǻĿ⿴Ϳ
Ϊӻľʦ˿̳棬ȻǴӊġ
ɷ񵽸˵Ϳڡ
鸮˶ӣȻ㣬ҶͺͿ鸮
ҶԪ˧мӦˣĿһҲǳڱ˾ļĿģֶΡ
ңҲֶֻΣܱ˾ΪļˡͿżɽ˵
ҶȴЦһϺĻһţ
Ҷһ磬ͿϴĲˬأ֪ˣû
ǻµ˼
ޣȻˣǵĳ㶼Ϊ˱˾Ůǲһѹ
ϾĿǰ£ڿ̫ĳҶ淴һ
ͿϵЦһҶԪ˧˵Цˡ
ǲ֪ҶԪ˧ΪʲôҪ˾һŮأ
ֻΪǻȥŲţ
ţ
ͿЦĺܻ죬һ㣬
Ų
ҶЩ꣬ͽ͸ˣӵлʼҹ֡
ҪԤһŮ϶ͼıֻͼıʲôҶʱû뵽
Ҷû뵽̡ұ⼸λϽҶ뵽ˡ
ʵ˵ˣйء
ԤһŮմϰϵģ˾ԤȨǣ˾ԤƿѲ˾ߴϣҪ˵Ѳ˾û˾ţ˭ţ
ԤȻǼѲ˾ԤܺսĸѲ˾Ľ죬Щ죬еչˡ
ҶҲߡ
ʱԤһŮô˳
ܶ˵Ѳ˾ûһˣ
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˴˾ԤһŮʩչֶΣܹǰ£һѲ˾죬ڶչؼʱ̵ĻޱҪġ
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սϣҶ˦ұ̵˺ü֣ȨıһϣǲԶˡ
Ϣĩβ̻ҶһССĽ顣
ҶԪ˧ĿǰԸ˺ǣӣǾ͹ֻ·ˣͿͼذˡ
ˣô˵µ̵Ѿȫ׼ˣ
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޿ܣ
ңҶԪ˧ٲãͱؽִȥʱ򣡡ͿЦев֮ⲻ
ȷʵɽ
Ҷô˵ͿЦҶԪ˧ˡ
֣ذʱȥһ˻ʹ
ģʱڣ˭Ҳ޷̤鸮벽ִӦĺ档
ЦʵͿɫȴһ䣬һɵĿҶ棬ҶԪ˧ȥʹʲô
ֹͿģֹʱߣǻʼݡ
һʱҲܳ־á
ҵŮżԣҪɢãеʰ
ȥʹȻʥ
ʥ
ôŮҵĻʵʸ𣿡
ʰ
ͿϸʽĺЦʰ
ؽڵ㣬Ҷȥʹȥʵʸ
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ޣ˳л糶˾Ԥҵչ˺Я˽յҡ
Ȼ˾Ѳ˾ڲˣչˡ
մ˾ﱻӦõģǸ˾յĶ飬˾Ů·
ˣ˳һ죬ɳҪɱ˾һŮء
ҶĻͿɫ䣬һαһѿ
Ҷ̫ˣ
һ˿ߴ˾ԤһŮĿģʊ¡ǿڳ϶һӵˣҶô˵Ͼܹġ
Ǽȷɻ飡
Ѳ˾ؼ࣬ǻʵ۵צ
λʵۻûأͿʼ⣬ʊ¡ô룿
ҶҪôˣҪԴԸƿ
ͿԸʹϹ˼˼Ϣֻ뵽һܵ
ҶԪ˧񲢲ܴڼܹͯºֲ죬ֲãܹģ
㻹ˣ
Ҽһ±֤ô˾һŮĺúõģŰ
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˵꣬Ҷתߡ
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ŲϣҶ濴ͿЦˣ
ҶԪ˧
Ϳ˵ʲôҶȴᣬŵıݹܼҵ̣ȥʹ
ҶһƱ˾ֱŻʹȥͿɵ۵ͬʱҲˡ
죬
أֵˣ


2824 ֮
ͿٶȻص˻ɫѿ
һΣʧˣ
ԭҶòû뵽ȻŭҶ棬˽ѵλá
ĿǰյĹؼʱ̡
ԣͿϸϻ뻸Բߡ
ϵʥ죬ͬʱֻ͸ȨΪҲһеģҪӦԣڽӰ콵͡
Ϳڵһʱ˻˵֮󣬻ȴżοͿ
żҶ˾ȥ˻ʹҸʣҲûôӰ졣
ʥԣжӰ졣
ЩͿЩˣģжϣһ㶼ˡ
ͿɻĿ⣬ӻЦŽ͵еģ޴ڵġ
Ĵ½Ҹֻһλûô˽ˡ
෴ģ¶Դʮ˽⡣
ν飬ҸʵΪӶʱѾһ顣
ܲڵ͸ֶ
ô˵ǲõģͿһ
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ҸʺʲôҲ֪ʲôҪʮǰܻҸʵ֮ŭӻһš
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˵ͷҴ޲Fλһڰȫֵ޵ͳ˧ȴࡣ
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䣬ôʰ̯ˣָܹҶһ
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ҶΪվãѾûжٻ͵أ¾µʱỵµĶմơ
ԣͿüͷٴνµĵģȷʵǳпܡ
һҶھȨǶԵ¶Ƿǳġ
ֻǵûоģһ̫Σ
ʲô˼üͷ
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ʱʊ¡ڵǻѾﵽֵ
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¹ԼĵǻĿԣӻǷǳעġ
ȻĹȨǻԪȴӲˡ
еλԽߣԪԽ̡
ܵĻʵԪҲǧ꣬ЩǵԪҲᳬǧꡣ
ŵĻӣԪǲࡣ
˵ʊ¡ʮ꣬ӻǿԽܵġ
꣬ǴӻҪˡ
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ʊ¡꣬ǾͲǊܹܵġ
󣬊ܵǻΪۼꣿ
µǻûãҪˡ
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ʱ뿪أʱڻزӻû늪
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ԣҲǳԴʦ볯Ժ
ôʮа˾ž˱ʲôŵ²ŻȺʦ볯
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֣ôӻŤ
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ͻȻ䣬һѶͿУͿһۣͱ
£
£˳Ҫ¡


2825 
ʊ¡ĿǰȻ¹ֵһϸͣҶͻأʵۼʲôǼҶ档
ԭܼ򵥣䣬Ҷھĵλܹעȣߡ
ܼҶλδŮҪǴ￪»ͳβ
Ҷʹʊ¡ǵǰӻҩ
ȻҶ淽ŵвľʦͿˣ̫ұݹ˸ҶԣʵӻĿǰļеΪǻʵ֪Ĭġ
ʵӵѲ˾ؼ鱨ƤӵµĻղˣ
ΪѲ˾ؼǳصġ
ÿһԱɶѲ˾ؼصն񣬸˵ӻĽɫ
»ЩһֱڲϵԸϴеḶ̌Ǵ飬ʊ¡ĶĿġ
ԣҶȥʵǰӻҩǳͽǻʵЦκô
ԣ̫ұݹ̸ҶĽȥȻ󿪿Ҫˣ
Ψһпܽ˾ԤһŮعߵĿܡ
ҪȻ浱ʵɵģ˭ܴߴ˾ԤŮ͸⵱е
ò˵̫ұݹسϵҶĽ飬ǳĺʡ
Ҷ˳ļʊ¡ʺһ»ʵ۵壬ϾҶҲŮˣǻǡ
Ҷֱ˵뽫˾ԤһŮչˡ
Ҷһ磬ʊ¡İ
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ΪʲôҪô
ر£˾ն̨֮ǰ˼ѶһŮи˳Ҷʵش
ն̨ܷѶԤЩ˾ûŪ˵ֶεģӦˣǰʊ¡䣬ȴҶġ
£Щܴ꣬˾Я֮һֱδ˾ռУûκξܾɡҶ˵
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նɱ˾죬ǹ˾죬˽궼̸ϣֻ˶ݣòҶ˵
һ˶ݣò޸ĶݱԤҪĶİɣôޣʊ¡ҶЦ
ΨиͿأЧԱ£
һҶ棬ʊ¡ղû˵ʲô˻֣Ҷȥˡ
ڼܹͯº͸ҶԤһŮ飬ЩҶͿԹĴԤһŮˡ
Ҷ桢̫ұݹ̰ӻڣǳ⡣
Ϊ̫ұݹ̣ҶȥǻһҪĿġ
ʊ¡Ҷ
֮ǰΪֹ飬Ҷʊ¡ַˣʱҶȥһֱķ
ôĿǰ£ʊ¡ǲӦ˳Ҷ棬Ҷ·̯أ
ܵĲ٣ܹȼģҲ
ǿմգҶһ
Ŀǰֹѵͷ£ʊ¡Ҷ棬˳µ
ǣҶһʥʊ¡ᶼûᡣ
Ҷɻˡ
ȻҶϸҪȥʰ̯ӣʊ¡ķӦ̫ˡ
ƺʊ¡·ݡһ߸߸ͽħĿǰô⣿
õϢĴӻȴϲ
ΪҶĹϵҶһմֻҪʤʱڴܳϾͻмӰ
ʱֻҪҶ̬Ķ֮·ҪӰ죬زۡ
ңʱҶҪ֧˭˭λ
ȻҪǣ»ϵһ¡
˵ˣ˵ĵǼ٣ӻޱȵСģ̸ķʩؽ粻˵ֱͿн
£Կ϶Ȳ˵͸¶Ϣ׼ȷ񣬽ʹ˵ԣͷǳն
£͸¶Ϣģƺõǲ֮Ͽġ
ӻ˰֣ЩͷȲùܣ֮ǰҲǲ֮
ھ֪һ˵ĵǼ٣Ȼٳɹ꣬ꡣ
˵ӻ񷢳һ̾˵꣬һǧ꣬ǸλӣⱲӾͳˣ
ͿĬ˰ΣŻ£û꣬޷ȷ
ǰ˵ıʱı仯״ûж񻯣ԽԽôӦٳɹˡ
ٶ꣬޷Ʋˡ
£ڴʷûжԲοǴʷ޵ļλͻԪ޵ĵУӵԪĿС
棬ǧֲ꣬棬ǧꡣ
ԴƶϣǱٳɹôԪӦò٣
Ӧò٣
ƶϣ鶸رӦò٣ˣǹ»ʲôǰ;ԣ
⡭Ϳ޲飬ȻҲͿԾ
ңͿһҾף


2826 
޲һλֵ𾴵ͳ˧
ִصĵڶ죬Ҷ滻һɫطݼ޲
ʱڣһƬأ졣
һ˵ǵ죬ʧȥһе棬Ҫóȥܶġ
Ȼ˵ʊ¡ʺһǺǣϮһϣȴûκαʾɰɽС
ɣλϮһϮ
⣬ʊ¡ҪȻɿŵġ֣ҪջͿŵġ
޲Ϊķϣûջءַš
֪Ҷǰ죬ТżСӭڣҶڡ
ǣҶ¹λǰߵף˴
ҶݣߵǳĴˣкᣬ绹żǣҶ˻Ȳ衣
뻨Ȳ裬ڴʵֻһ̣һ£ͻ뿪ҶҲ׼ȥ뿪
ǰ·ϣȴҶһ侲ҡ
˾ңһɫ磬Ҷ泤ҾףҶ漱æ𣬡Σκ£־ֱԣҶĳֻҪܹһæ
Ҷħսйսѣ˽ҲҶ滹ȹһҲйĽˡ
Ҷ֮ǰ֮û˵羡ĻΪһˣʱҲ̫鷳Ͼ
УҲܽ
˵ˣһϮ˼õҪҶһССݹæչˣⲻЦ
ֻǴʱģȴҶ澹Ȼޱȡ
Ҷ֣ΪҸ˧𣡡һߡ
лᣬһ
лᣬһһִţҶ֣Ҹ˧ĲףܣΪҸ˧ģҲֻˡ
ҶĬȻ
Ҷ֣˵Ҹսǻʥµܡ£ҸԪӳ졣
ܣҶһǿԽֵһԪ鹥ܣ
ûǴ
ԣҶĳԾܣҲ޲ǳУɱΣ
ǾԤıƾħģ϶Ӧ
Ҷӳصģʵһ㣬˶ʶˣǣеˣҲ鲻
Ҷ֣֪Ŀǰȷʵеˣһûϡ

ħ壡
ֻҪܻħĸ߲㣬Ϳ֪Ҹ׵ôģпܲڼ飬ΪҸױѪޣ
˵ţĿֱӳҶ浥ϥصҶ֣֪ҪЩǿѣĿǰܣҲݡ·һսŻħܻħ߲Ŀܡ
ֻҪҶִӦĳԸҶֺӣ
Ҷ滺磬һĿɬ֣пܣҶĳԸһΪ˧𣬵ǣڽϣѾּ¹һǰ·ݵħ塣
ոձҶһȻȻ˳¹ⲻǺ𣿡
¹佫ңλȴϮϵģȻҲвҫ۵ľǵҾһﶼġ
ȫǾټϰµģƽʱΪԣôΪ˧
Ҷ˼ǸȴΡ
ȥ£ûȥݡ·ս˼
ٴȻ˵ľͻȻǱһôˣ
лᣬһģҶĳŵļ򣬾뿪ˡ
뿪ҶЩأһǰFĸۡ졣
λͳ˧ҶԼ졣
ֻF£Щˡ
Fڶ࣬ǰûӣֳһţλ̳ˣ·˰衣
̾һҶ֮󣬾뿪
йǰݡ·һսͳ˧ѡҶҲõһЩϢ
سо֮ͳ˺üǰߵķˡ
еһǵҶΪݶܶս£ˡ
һǽΪ·ݶ֮ӵݣ̵ʱ£ɲ·ݷߣҲʊ¡ΪҪΪɷˡ
գɳ˳¹ǰݡ·һ£ɢգͬʱɳƽǰݡ·ݺ󷽣¹ߡ
һ׵ķӣܲܳɹħ棬ֵ˵ˡ
ɣ޹ʲפأһҶǼ壬飬ŵԹء
ȻˣҶ͵뿪أתˡ
٣ҲǱϵġ
ڴ˾ԤһŮõʵּĵ죬ҶͰܽͳأ״֮ܰá
˾Ԥԣһƽɣ£ҪԸˡ
ҪҶԸˡ
Ϊ̫㣬ҶһΣѪ١
пŵĵˣҪԸôõʱҶ뿪ػת·ϡ
ֻҶܺ棬пŵĵˣǿ˲Ϣǰ·أ


2827 ʥӥ
ʵҶ滹Щڴɧġ
ħһλ컯񽫣ôҶܸܲɵ
ȻҶԼɵ
Ҷʥڵ
Ҷкܶ뷨
λܵ˵
ܲնɱ컯񽫣
ܲܶԸǿ컯
ֻߣλնɱһλ컯֮Ҷܹöĺô
ϣҶǰڴسݵĽ飬ع·߸ӻСèͨкͿռУԱܿɿܵ塣
Ҷȴϣħܹ׼ҵ٣սһ
ҶĹǳѪðա
̤س֮ջǻѪðա
컯սʧЧĽ죬еѡҶʥ˵Խ¶Խá
˳ţ˸տҶһƾʧ
ɾҶոʧɲǣһѶ䵽Ҷĵط
һɲǣҶٴθ֣˼
˧ʥӥһ֡
ţĽ鱨ҲҶפĸԭ
ʥӥ壬ҶʵͽӴˡ
ɵԭӥԭӥԭӥǽ˲Сӡ
Ҷڵı¾պ⣬ǰԭӥ͡
ԭӥս֮£Ҷõ˰צľѪҲҶʵش
ҲǸʱʥӥͳҶС
֪֪ˣս
ѵʾҶǵú
ȻѾʥӥ˳ôҪ˽ʥӥ塣
ʥӥҲ̫֮һ
Ϲս֮ǿ̫֮һһ塢һࡣ
֮£ʥӥ˶ӵϡ٣һ壬һȺ
ȴС
͸սԣʥӥˣһһӵǿӵĿֲ
ƾЩҶרŽţţһʥӥ˳֣ϸ
ԭǣʥӥб
пԻָ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪƵı
Ҷħ̫½ףħ̫¾ͻָ鱦ʮԪ챦ƣҶ
һ䱾ͨǿռͨʥӥ塣
ܾǰҶȥѰһָ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪƵı
컯˲սĽһſ鱦ʮԪ챦ҶԽԽҪ
ĳЩʱҶΨһֶΡ
⣬ǰʥ⣬һͽ½ǰ½ϹŲ¶ˡ
һεΣգҲҶ漫ȵָ鱦ʮԪ챦ơ
ǰԪƻָôҶͿ˲ϢӺĴ½ִ½ȻĴһ㣬ȴƾոҶӦԵֶκ͵
ٹؼʱ̣ҶԱ֤ĸ˲С
ڹؼʱ̣ҶԻٵǰ½ϹŲԱ½İȫ
ҶǺһֱеָ鱦ʮԪ챦ơ
ǣʥӥʥӥ磬ȴǲŶ롣
ʥӥһ塢һͬʱҴ̫壬ֻʥӥ˶ٵ
ʥӥĹͨϡٵ˼£ȻһյĻҪ
ʱʥӥͻ̫罻ںĴ½
ڻȥͨռͨʥӥ壬Ӱȥ٣ҲҲ
ħ̫ṩһָ鱦ʮԪ챦Ƶķʥӥã
ԣҶ͸ţ´ʥӥĶз֣ϼ
ֻЩʥӥż˳ںĴ½ҲһţһʥӥˣҶû̫ô
һΣȫ֣Լ·ݡһߵȫܣΪ̫ʥӥ壬סˣ˺Ĵ½Ϸľݡ
ռͨͻϮ֮£Ȼľݳǣָ˴ܳصһ
ĿǰţãʥӥڵľݵļԱȻʮλ
Ҷսԭӥԭӥ㶼ڳ
ΪֻԭӥΪȻﵽ˽۷塣
ԭӥΪͻƵ˵
ʮλʥӥˣ˵лָ鱦ʮԪ챦ƵĿܡ
ţ鱨Ҷı⡣
Ҷ沢çײ
س˵ѪͷݲҶ治ؿǡ
ʱ¡
㿴ȥеľʱģԵġ
ʱȴܴճһɺϡ
仰˵Ҷתȥľݣô˵ѪپͻľݵҶ档
Ȼţ鱨⡣
ţ鱨ûκ⡣
ҶĶǰľݣҪܶ׼
ʥӥȡ޸鱦ʮԪ챦Ƶı͵ڻڶʳ
ονѪ١
ҶҪúõ׼׼
ԭ˼⼸ϢҶȻתתء
ҲҶתصʱʥӥ幥ľݳǵϢأշ˼֡
صսأĿĲ⣬ôˣ
ʤѪܣȥˣ
ôǸӶҧһأ
֮Уָ㽭ɽļ֮ԡ
ǰͳ˧ġ
Ԥܵġ
Ǿҷġ
ּߵɡ
ڴ̫ƽʱڣڮٳسۣҪǱѲ˾ˣǿɲС
巣ƽۣǶġ
ֶΪİ̶ֵۣѲ˾ѾܲˣǰѼʮӰٱҲץ갡
ԾͲˡ
Ҳ£һּΣյۣĳˡ


2828 ԭӥ
˵ǴˣûоĲҰܣΪʲô⼸ƵƵأ
Ϊʲô
ڣںȾƵָָ죬û˵
ǣСӻͦģˣνˣ˵˵£
ʥϣǴУʧһλ
ôЩ껹Ǻʥİ
ǰ˭֪أ
˵м˻
ˣ˭
˭⼸ҽģҲֻһʦˣȾƵֿˡ
ʦ
ôͱԻ𣿱µʥȥˣ
˭֪ء
ҶΪ˵ȴʥӥһ鱨Ľһһᣬ̸ҶĿɿڴ
ۣƵ֮
ҶɢָľУвپж̸Ƶ鱨
ЩͷҶᵽһַǳ쳣źš
翪ţֱӹλ𣬻Ǽٵġ
Ҷ汾֪Ѳ˾һ¼õķѶֱҶˡ
ô˶ۣѲ˾ôã
ʵԴǴĿǰս˵԰̡
Ѳ˾Ҳûô
ңʱѲ˾ڲΪԭ˾ԤԭڽһֵȨϴƣЩ£Ҷ֪ˣҲû˹ܡ
Լһʱ֮ҶõţĽһ鱨
ʥӥľݵȻ࣬Ŀǰ֪ģֻʮλҡ
ʥӥ屾ԭˣʥӥȴǲ١
ʮ򣬲Ҳ١
ռһ֮أûκ⡣
ĿǰֳľΪģ˷š
֮ʥӥֲԼϢȫҶİͷ
һ֮˴µжƻбӦƻҶ棬ٴʩʩȻ뿪سš
̤صʱҶޱȹġ
ʥӥͻϮľݣʊ¡ķӦȻƽޱȣֱҶ뿪أҲûκټҶ˼
ûټҶ˼ûҶ˼
Ҷ治ףɵĸսȶһսƣʊ¡Ϊʲôأ
ʊ¡£ҶԽԽˡ
ɴ뿪ˡ

ľľǸ߿У̤һצԭӥЩꡣ
צΪͻƵ֮
ëָ棬צңʱȺԭӥķԸ
⼸ΪһëֵΪڽ۷壬ûͻƵ
Щԭӥ飬ūͶѣԭӥˡ
ԭӥǸոյõõһϢ
йҶϢ
ϴɵʱҰҶԭӥҰ̬ܵͨ󣬴ʥӥʥӥС硣
Ȼܿʱ龰ģֻʥӥΪĵϵ˺ֱϵ塣
ȴԭӥ棬ܾ˳
ԭӥĸԼ͡
תʥӥ֮󣬷ͼǿޣЩΪһ·߸ͽ쭵˽۷壬ʥӥһΪġ
ΪأǱ
гһٴµִĴ½Ҷ棬ڽ±Ѫޡ
ԭӥԭļƻͻƵ֮Ҷ汨ѪޣʱƾʵͨͿںĴ½ߡ
ֻǼڴֺĴ½ʱҲĴ½ΪʥӥΪˣԭӥҲֻǰǰĴ½ˡ
ԭӥɺڴ¶˾ģ˺Ĵ½ֻҪһʱ䣬ȥҶ˱Ѫޡ
ˣҪҶ棬Ҷʥӥˣǵնףܳ׵һѪ衣
ʱͿռ䣬ȫں
ֻҪҵҶ䣬ʥӥ츳ͨò˶ãͿҵҶ沢Ҷ档
ԣҪҵҶ䡣
ڹľݳǣԭӥľʱԭӥɳŸȥ෽̽Ҷ鱨
Ȼˡ
Ҷ棬ĿǰǴܱݹ
һͷûʲôؼǸ鱨ҶΪݹҶ棬ǰͻƵΪĿǰڵΪ
鱨ԭӥۣ
ǰΪŸոսغڶѣ
һǰͻƵ۷ѡ
ҶˣȻˣ
һ˲䣬ԭӥ鱨һֲʵĸо
ӦǼٵİɣ
ԭӥ֮ţôԴûôͻٶȡ
Ҷôأ
Բܰ
ԣԭӥܵĲš
ǣóҶպսնɱħڶʮһоܹܽۡնɱشʥӵںĴ½ս֮
ԭӥͳˣ
ģô
軹ôѩأ
ֱһᰡ


2829 
ԭӥĴ½ȻָܼɣΪʥӥĵϵмӵصġ
ʱԭӥޱ˷ܵġ
ͳʥӥ羫ʮӹ羫񹥳ӵصƿظУԼѹҶ汨Ѫ޵ڴԭӥޱȵ˷ܡ
ڣԭӥ߾УµĴľǣ·Ѫɽɱ죬ԭӥȴûһ˿һѪ֮Уޱȵɥ
޾ɵĿ·սԭӥǰһģҶӰͻȻͳǰ
ԭӥ͵شһս
˵ʵʥӥѪʵȻΪֻн۷壬ǣϵڵǿߣնɱϵڵǿߣҲӲһ
£úһڵҶ档
ǣ鱨ҶˣȻӵնɱǿߵ
ȫһˡ
ԣʱǰͻȻҶӰԭӥ͵شһս
ԭӥ۾ԭӥģ˼࣬ǰҶĻ
һɲǣë븣ľͬʱ𣬲ԭӥ˲ؾǰͻȻֵҶ棬ǻˣ
˲Ϣ䣬ԭӥһֺëĸо
ҶͻȻǰȻʵֱ
ͬʱԭӥµצڶҶƽĿע£Ҳò
ԭӥþòҶ湰˹֡
ҶĪĲ֪ƶʺã֮ǰԭӥЩţ֪λӦ
Ͼ֮ǰѾҶ治սʤͷʱҶͻĳ֣˷磬ֻҵĹ˹֡
һԵë븣ǿͻȻֵҶ棬ٴңͬʱѾ˷Ѷټ·ûͶսλ
ЩҶ涼ûᣬֻǿ˷ԭӥЩп
ɵʱҶ治ͨ񾳵ΪԭӥȻڵΪ鱦
ҶԭӥʱνСսսþֶκսʤԭӥ
תۼʮĹһУѾߵˡ
ԭӥʱ㷲˷硣
ԭӥҽһҶٴοڡ
һë븣ɫ䣬Ϊս·ҶӦ˵ǽԭӥԴһá
λҲɱ֮ͬһɲǣŸով۹λͳҶȵ
ɱ
λԼɱĵҶǸһ˿Цף

ɫԪŭ߳Уεһֱλһͣ¶ʹޱȵ顣
ǵԪܵĹԭ
Ҷзɳȴɫ䣬ɫһֱĺͣ͵λüġ
飡
λԴͬʱԪ黹δӳ̺Ŀֲɱɷ
ɱĵ˿˿Ƶɷ˳Ĺ켣תҶе֮ϣ΢΢һû̫ı仯
Ҷ氵̾Ϣһ
ȻնɱǿߣѾܸ񹭴ԵѾΪһֻۣûرԵǿ
Ҷһ˲ɱλۻɷնɱ컯ǿ֮۵ɷʮ֮һ
֮նɱǿ䣬ҪǴĻۡ
ȻҶ淽ųֵķʽͿԿһˡ
Ҷûн񹭵ȫֻת䷨ţڵռ⣬ֱӴ˦䣬һٺɱλ
棬ԭӥֱɵˣ
֮鱨Уĸ߹Ҷʵ
û뵽Ҷ棬ҶչֳʵеĻҪߡ
λʥӥĸӹĵսһ㣬ô˵Ҳǵ
ԭӥҪȫ֣Ҳնɱ
ҶͶնɱλѹ
Ҷɱɱ

ͻȻ䣬һ˺ѷεĿ޺ԭӥʶĿȥŷ֣Żߵë֣ѾûκϢ·һʯͷһеȥ
ȴΪëΪ̫ͣҶ淽һ̺߳ɫԪֱӽëֵĻɢ
ȥë֣ԭӥһûʲô۵ĸо
ūͶѡ
Ǹȴǲһ˫Ŀ˲Ϣͨ죬ëôһźԭӥȻǹǸиȴͬһ㡣
һŭ𣬸һ̤ζػһɽɽһľ޴ǵصҶ档
ӿ쳷
Ϊë֮ĸԭӥԭӥ˻ӳ졣
ָ΢΢һţ񹭾Ҷи֣˲Ϣ£һ񹭴źɫβ׼ȷ˸š
شסеľ޴ĵ£ǻɽһҲͬƵһ˲ϢС
ҶЩ⣬һɱ֮ɷȻȷɱλ㡣
⸣۷ΪҲҶ涯񹭣
ԭӥŷӦ˹
ӣ
Ҫӣ
һ٣ǽµצɪɪûκζ
Ҷ̫Ϣɵĺˮûצŵ̱ȥצˡ
һԶĿӥԭӥԸʩչռͨߡ
ͻȻ䣬ԭӥһͷȥɲǣͱīɫ˸ʵʵ
ȴСˡ


2830 Ը
λնɱʱ˵ʥӥĹǲӵע⣬󣬸䣬ʥӥĹǲӣޱȵĽš
һɲǣʥӥĲӿǵͳ˧ԭӥ֮󣬴͵ɵˡ
ʮʥӥ總ӹľƽؿǽʥӥ˵һĤݵġ
׼ȷ˵ʥӥÿһϵˣЩӹ

ȻǵĿ£ǵˣ
벻ţ
ǣΧľʥӥ總ӹʮʿͱˡ
ʥӥеһβԣϾ߰˵ԭӥ
ܵԭӥ䣬뺰ӣҪ⼸֣ȴôҲڡ
ֻĿŰλʥӥĽ
֮£ʥӥĽǵĸʵЩӹĽǵĸʵҪǿĶࡣ
ʥӥĽУǿһλڵĽ죬ʵԭӥԼС
ԣĵԭӥǴһ˿ġ
ǣҶ飬ûκα仯
̶ֳȵĶ֣ڵҶԣʮû̫Ĳ
һ̤ɫɢش£ʥӥĵٶȶв̶ͬȵļ
ҶȴǺϾУеһһɫ⻪
˼䣬ֻת˲Ĺ
Ҷ嶼ûŲһ£ͽǰλʥӥĵǰֻǷʱһһɱ
ǿλڵʥӥ罫죬౻Ҷһͷ
һҶûмӳԸֻǼӳһƺɷɱڵʥӥ罫졣
Ҷе񹭣ƷƷ鱦ɱܱ֮
ˣҶȻĿǰ񹭵жϵĲˣڼ£Ҷ񹭾ͿһɱڣͲ˵ˣҲֻҪӳһɷ
ڵʥӥ罫챻Ҷһɱ֮ԭӥǳ׾ˡ
ҶֳʵľܱߣûܹҶȳȥġ
ԭӥǣһ˲Ұܣ
˧ܣ뽫챻ʿɱ֧ǲ𣬶ܡ
ԭӥʱеڡ
һʼСһ㣬˲Ϣ·ʮ֮УԾ֮ԸҶ档
ʮ֮£ҶǿҲ˱ܣԱܿձ֣֮µĴҲҰܣ
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ľͷĿɵ
ʥӥĴɱ£ط
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Ҷ汾һ֮·һسǵľЩĲ̡
ʥӥ֮ҶűݣһľʿֽһЩطԣҶ뿪
ϣǿԼص͢Ԯĵ
Ҷ뿪ʱľսѾľڣĿսʿļĿ
˵ġиŮģСģǻĿҶͷʹĪս˵Ĵƽա
˵ʵ֮ǰսУ۶ħˮսУħսǱսʵԶͨ˵ġ
ħսϼû̫ͨƽգսҶڴͨǰͽֻˡ
սƽɵѣҶ֪ҲӴȴûн̣
սڳǧ׶ʼѰԼսĸүү
ҵģ˵ȻϲЦտ
࣬ҵֻǱǲȱʬ壡
һ̣˻ߵĿȻ޷ǵı־廹
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һ˲䣬ҶͻȻͳ½뵱Ϊʲô¡޿ߵĺԸ
ɳҶ½Ը񣬻ֻǳģֻĿɳɳڱޱȵֻ֮֮μ֮󷢳ĸп
ڣҶȴǳ׵ˣ
ûսûսʹʧߵ¾ͻȵļˡ
ҶҲףʱΪʲôҪɱ½룬ţ
ΪԣԸǵĸ
½뷢¶ڼеĺԸȴǵĸ
ԣǷս˶ŵͻϮ
֮ս
ʦ½ĺԸҶûʸҲûʵҶͷģڣܡ
ڴ֮ǰҶ滹ҪƸոֵܵԭӥ
˸ص㣬ҶȷܱûǿӣСèռֱ֮ռڣ˱ܵԭӥǰ
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2831 ʥӥ
ԭӥ
ռڣҶܵԭӥ飬ѾΡ
һּεҶ档
⣬ûش
϶
껪ãţʵǿеǴǰ;
Դ⡣
ʵʵǳҵ֮⣡ڣҶ벻ף̶ʮĹôɳ̶ȵģ
ܸ𣿡ԭӥʳһ֪⡣
Щʵʥӥ庣Դй͸ؾ֧֡
ʮ佫Ϊ۷壬ֻ벽
Ҷأʮǰͨ񽫳ڵΪ
ͣɹȴǿܶࡣ
ԭӥˡ
ҾѡҶشĺܳϿңѣʱռСİ
ԭӥƲƲ죬ȥ״ӣ¶ٶȰɡ
֪ҽΪ𣿡Ҷתʵ
ԣԭӥмƲƲ죬ȻǱң
һҵ°ܽ
ֵ𣿡
Ҷһ仰ԭӥƤǵͨ죬ⲻʲô
ҶȻ
⿴ȥǡ
ðɣ㶵Ȧӣ㣬Ҫһԭӥرýŵ飬ҶֵģԴҪȡԴ˴š
Ҫڵʥӥ飡
һԭӥɫش䣬һּ԰׵ϵʲôʥӥ飬ô֪
ҶҡҡͷҪˡ֪ʥӥʥӥһ̡ܺ
֪ÿʥӥʥӥ飬ģǳ֮ʣʥӥ컯ĳطעڡ
ȻǵĳɳϵĳɳҲϵǵʥӥѪͨ
Ҳ˵ʥӥĳԱУΪߣڵʥӥԽǿ󣬿ռͨҲԽǿ󡭡Ҳˣڵʥӥ飬ʥӥܡ
Ҷһ˵ʥӥܣԭӥһĴֱͣš
йʥӥܣʥӥ߻ܡ
ֻʥӥѪԱ֪˵ǲκй¶Ŀܵġ
ʵϣҶҲ̽
ԭӥǴ͵ģҶ֪鱨ȷģħ̫£ûƭ
Ϊףħ̫µҶϢʱȻҶһֱѰʥӥԱ䣬ȴһֱֻ̬ˡ
Ϊʥӥ鱨ԣҶڵԪ鰢󣬻ʦ½ĲִУûмء
ҶҲȨܹ鵽йʥӥļأԼѲ˾ڵصûзκйʥӥļء
˵ħ̫˵Ҷûзκʥӥļغʹ˵
ǣԭӥķӦȴҶ棬ġ
Ҷ鲻Ҳ
ʥӥΪʥӥ߻ܣʥӥĳԱһޱϡ٣Ϊ֪Ҳġ
ֻħ̫£֪أ
ʥӥ飬ҷ뿪Ҷ涢ԭӥ˵
ʥӥ飬ʥӥһּѪе֮
ռ֮
ʥӥλڣһ鱦ʥӥ飬䲻ֻԵ֮£λʥӥںϳµѪΪʥӥ塣
ǣλʥӥھȻܹ鱦ʥӥıֳһƴ͸Ѫˡ
Ȼһ鱦ı壬ͻʥӥеѪϵ׳ɳ
һΪͻƵ컯ϣͻĳʱɱΪһ鱦ʥӥ顣
ȻʥӥڵǼ鱦ܲԶˣ鱦
ҲΪСھһ鱦ƬһıϢʥӥĳԱٶȼ첻˵սҲԶͬߡ
ҶƣҲԭʥӥڵѪϡٵԭ
鱦Ƭ
ԭӥʱΪֻн۷壬ʥӥ飬ûгΪ鱦
ǣԭӥڵʥӥ飬ǿռ
޸鱦ʮԪ챦鱾Ҫģþǿռ鱦
ʥӥ飬Ҳ˵һܻܲܻҸ˻ʲô𣿡ԭӥˡ
ʥӥ飬ͳ׷ˣųȥʥӥҲ衣
ʥӥ飬ҶҲ·һ
˵ʵԭӥ˵ģҲһ⡣
ִСѪԭӥѪΪ׳һֱӰ͸ԭӥļ׵ûʲô
Ǿϣԭӥɡ
ǣʥӥ鼫죬ԭӥѪУֻԭӥԼܹʥӥ۲Ρ
ԭӥԼԸ⣬ˣζҲһ˿һƵʥӥġ
ɱԭӥôʥӥҲڵһʱԭӥɢԭӥѪС
ԣҶŻʱռиԭӥĥƤӣҪȻֱɱȡʥӥ鲻ˡ
ʱ򣬻Żһʹ࣡Ȼ޷ӲҶֻܲȡвķš
֪ģҳѲ˾˴嵽ʹķš
ʱһݳޡ
ҶвԭӥãȻˡ
ңһһڽʥӥ齻ҵ£ȿԻȥֲʧȥʥӥΪˡҶʱ׳Լն
Ҷʵƻĵһ
£ԭӥӵãȻˣʥӥ飿Ҳʧȥʥӥ飿
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2832 ûã
ʵڵʥӥңֲʧȥʥӥ£ʥӥĳǣˡҶ濴ԭӥ˵
ǼĳǺˣ
ԭӥȻȻ򣬡˵У
Ҷ˵ͷ
ǣʥӥĴУҪԷӵʥӥѪģҪȻ޷ʥӥġԭӥ˵
飡
ҶԭӥһǺݺݵıԴôͲأ
ҲҪҴʥӥ飬ȱһڵʥӥһΪСһݣԼʥӥӣģȫңҶֱ˵

ԭӥһû뵽Ҷ뷨ģԭӥ˳˼С
ԼǰɣʥӥӣԪ˶ѣʮҵĿ๦ܹ׻ָ
ֻߣ̶
Ҷ˵Ѯɭԭӥشһս
֮ԭӥˡ
ЩҶϡ
ԭӥһģһ㣬Ҷš
ԭӥҹӸ磬ʹķȣͲ̫ǿ
ҶѲ˾ֶΣɿڣԭӥˡ
ֻҶ汾ΪҪֶΣԭӥŻ
û뵽ֻвһԭӥˡ
סʥӥֻɣųɰ룬ҪȫңҲŻһ·պ뿪ҵȫ̼ӣ
ԭӥûԥ˵㷢ģһһ뿪
ԭӥͷȻҲһʡ
ΪպͻƵǺȻ飬ǧ꣬ǧԪûġ
˵ǻʮ๦ָڵʥӥ飬ǻʱ䣬ıԣҲֵõġ
ԣʹĴӦҶ
Ҷ浱鷢֮ԭӥ൱Ҷ棬ڵѪط
һ߰ӥ֮һȭͷСɫ飬ͻȻ両ԭӥؿڡ
ɫڣһͷӥڲͣ˸ţɢҶļµϢ
Ӧʥӥľܡʥӥˡ
Ҷͬʱ̽ȥȴǰһݣʥӥȻ۳ԭӥؿڣҶӦȥȴ޷Ӧʥӥ顣
ҶĸоУʥӥƺԭӥؿڣԭӥڵÿһط
ʥӥ飬Ȼ졣
һɲǣԭӥһʹĺУԭӥؿڵʥӥ飬·һε˺һΪ
һСֻĴָСԭӥദһȭͷСʥӥ飬ȴԭӥؿϣĴԭӥи֣Ҷǰ
Ҷϲ֮£ȥȡȴ̽˸ա
ΪʲôòҶɫһ䡣
ԡȣ
ѵĴϢһԭӥ΢΢һҧͷһڷɫıԴѪ͵˱ƳʥӥϣԭӥԴѪʥӥڵӥǻ˹һ㡣
ҲڴʱҶͻȻޱȵĸӦʥӥĴڡ
Ԫ⻪Ĵ̽ȥ˲Ϣʥӥץжʥӥԭӥһ˿ϵ
ʱԭӥ׻˾Ǳȥ˼һήڵأϢҲǿʼ˥䡣
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˥䣬ҡеĻҪ󡭡
úˣҶĳ˵㻰£꣬ض뿪
˵꣬ҶξƾʧֻԭӥһĲЦ
ð죬ԭӥϥת
ͬһʱ̣Ҷȴǳʱռһֱӻ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ
ԪԳ

鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫܿģʮű鱦͸ҶǰһȻ޹ѷı飬ǳԡ
ˣûкôҶݳ˸ոմԭӥõʥӥ顣
ʲô鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ˹ȥ漴ľϲǴõģžĿռϢ
˵ûá
ã
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ͵Ҷʥӥ顣
ֻʥӥ飬Ҫʱ䲻١
ҵǣҶĿǰʱռڣһʱռڵʱپͿʼӿ졣
ʱУҶȴԽԽʧ
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪеʥӥԽԽСϱߵĿռϢԽԽ٣ǰԪϵѷ죬ȴûκλظ˼⻪Ҳûκα仯
ûã
ʥӥ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪûС
Ҷʧʱ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫͻ𣬡ã
ҵã̫ˣ
ҶȻ


2833 
ľľԭӥƢǱꡣ
Ȼʮڼӽǣĸ죬ҲಲɱʿľḶ̌ڲϵļӿš
ΪֹʥӥĴѾιľĳͷ
ǣľķǿһĽ죬ӲȼվѪ꣬ߵһλشʧȥս
ԭӥҲսǳͷǸڵͷһִȴȼս
֮ǰĽսУԭӥԵ۷Ϊڵͷ˲ᡣ
ͷʼһĴ֮ԭӥͻȻˡ
ͷ֮ǰǸһȼվѪԪ鳹׵ĻɢΪۣһǺݵġ
ԭӥѪǴ껪պͻƵ컯Ļʺܴôһͷͬھأ
ԣҸսȦ֮ԭӥͲٳˣֻϢǸͷǸͷҲҲ˵ս
£ԭӥĽˡ
ԭӥԭģ֮ǰõ鱨ܱҶľľ
鱨ʥӥܽš
Ϊ֮ǰ鱨ҶĻôҶ򺣾㲻ʥӥ嵱Ҳʧأʧȥŵ
߲ĽţԭӥʱЩꡣ
ԭӥԭӥһɵ֮ʱҶ˴
ԭӥԭӥͬһԵʱǿԭӥЦȥġ
Цǣ˾Žȫ˺Щߴð˴̿ԭӥЦ
ʥӥѪǲ࣬ȴǳĶࡣ
˲˵ԭӥڣаʮš
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ɴĸָˣƺ
ԣӾŽУԭӥ˺ܶࡣ
ΪǲͲ
ʥӥԼصѵڶҪһ¶⡣
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ִ֮£ӦҶжԼ
Ȼ󣬰ˣ
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ԭӥҪˡ
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Щ꣬ԭӥ飬ԭӥһҶ汨Ѫѩܡ
òװˣȴְڣ뿪
û뵽Ҷȴˡ
ֻǼҶļɵȴԭӥꡣ
ڲԭӥʮǰɵһսԭӥܹնɱҶ棬ڵҶ鷳
ԭӥӵ
ֻ뾡ɾȻȥҶ棬նɱҶ棬һѩǰܡ
Ȼ˵崫鱨УҶʵǳǿǿԭӥЩꡣ
ԭӥԼʵѪͨǿš
еȥҶ档
ֻľù£ԭӥޱȵıꡣ
ľ˱ܵϢΪҶһ˵ԭľĵսԭӥ䲻
ԭӥԭӥͬʱӵļС
ҪҶ϶һ
ԭӥʹסˡ
·һ㣬ҶͳǰԶ
ʵȷҶģԭӥµצı˰ﾫѪצӡĿ־塣
צĲԭӥע⵽ͻأֵһӰ
Ҷ棡
ԭӥǽȻޱȡ
ϢĳֵҶ棬޴ѹ
Ҷ˿̵עϣ·ľսϡ
ľǹս˿ѾΣյʱ̡
ʥӥľѾ׵ĹľĳͷԽԽʥӥʿľĳͷ
ľеҲڳͷϣʥӥľѪս
˶֪ľǱƣֻʱ⡣
Ҷ棬սȡɻʤΪźգɸȫһսԭӥս
ȻҶޱĵ˵ͷ
ٵҰӣ֮ľƣҾɣȫһսԭӥ˵
ԭӥǵģľǳͷŵǸʱƴͷҶսĹؼʱ̣һºݵġ
ֻߵģǸͷʧȥǯƣڹǵʥӥĽ谭ǡ
Ҷ濴·Цľˣʥӥľǰľɱӣ޼ɵɱ¾Ҵ壬ҿ޷㰲ȫһս
ԭӥε̯̯֣ûѡ飬ľǳڼǴƣ˭Ҳ޷ֹ
˭˵ģ
Ҷ̣һ޷ݵ˵ֻҪҶ浽ˣľǣƲˣ
˵Ρ

ԭӥЦУһʺͬѪȾɵս죬شҶзɳ
ԭӥޱȵĽţΪҶ涯ʲô
ӦУͬѪһս죬ֻһͨսѡ
սͨսϵ򺣾֣ȴԭӥɫ䡣
򺣾Ѫɫ̤սҶĿϣľϿ죬չƮҡͬһʱ̣Ҷס
ټذʱ򺣾
ʱҶڹнһƮˮһ·ľͷؾǣʱͼˡ
ʥӥʿǣ֪򺣾
ľǵؾǣȴ򺣾ޱȵ˽⡣
Ǵֽ׶սսǿսСһ֧ӡ
ѷħսʤ顣
˵ͨĴʿУ򺣾Ѿ޵еĴʡ
ʱľرǣһ򺣾˷ˡ
ԭľԽԽûʿľرǣͻȻһͱè͸˼Ѫһ
򺣾Ҫˣǣɣ
ֵǣټһᣬ򺣾Ҫˣ
򺣾ľ춼ˣ򺣾Զ𣿡
˷ĺУľǳͷؾʿǣȻֱӶס˰ƣѹʥӥľӣ˷֮ƣ
ȻʿͻȻƴһ˫ֱĻûȥľʿͻȻԾ죬ҧסһʥӥʿսѴȡʤĻᡣ
ҵսУʥӥ羫Ĺƣڱ伲ٶơ
һĻԭӥĿɿڴ
һ죬һ仰Ȼľʿ˾޴ʿ
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ҳϣ򺣾ȷʵǣ鱨򺣾ûйҲܹ
ʿһģٶ˥
ֶΣǻعⷵգľһʱѡԭӥ˵
ȻľؾҲ已̥򺣾ֻ֣ܹʿԣһһֶΣ
ҶĻأԭӥɫʹ˴䣬Ϊľĳͷϣʥӥ繥ǵľͻȻǱһƬƬĵأ


2834 ɵ
СǴľϵ壬ֻͨľϵľϵͨط
С״߶ʵǱȽϳԿġ
ˡ֮£лϵϵͨߣ㲻СĿǣսУҲСܳԿ
ԣĳ̶ֳ϶ԣСʺϵ
СǿģʵǸ
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ڣ
Сڵǿ߳ľսϣӳͷ
ǳ׼ȷĲʥӥ羫ĽȲ
Сĸͬľ̻򶾻
ĲЩʥӥľ⧲֮ĵأһڸжݵ˺£ж
ľأѸ٣Զ̫ңһָá
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ֶ˺̫أʱڣҲҪǵ
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ͻȻʹ˸ָ״⣬벻ѣ
˲Ϣ䣬Сĸ£ʥӥľͱƬƬո
ΪҪǣСڵΪִʩչͨطܹӰЩͨ񾳡սʿ֮ʤ
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±סˣ췴Ӧٶȿ죬һնϾͺˡ
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ʥӥľƬƬսľؾʿӵĸ߰˵ѹС
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ΪСǣƵоԴѷٶȣЩ˾ˡ
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ԭӥɫޱѿĶҶ㵽״˶
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2836 Ĵ
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Ϊ֮ƣΨдӺھһ֣ǰߵĽʿûʳҲʤ̰ɣʦ˵
˼Ʋףʼ¡һڻؾܾתˣһ׹¹ΪӣҲ޷֣
ңǲֵ¾費սܣ޾ͻΪܵˣǵλˣ
£˼ǱֱӲ֣Ǳܾת˵ҪԱ֣ǳ⣬ܵľתˣ϶һʱ䡣
ǰսԣϼ죬㹻ˣ
ʼ¡üͷٴδɱ̫˰ɣ
ʦЦ£ɱ
ЩܾҪת˵ĹԱһԵķͷԷʳ̰һ֣һһ׼
ֻҪѲ˾ʵ֮󣬽̲Ϳɡ
ʱ̰³ޣǰ߽ʿ費㣬ҲֻЩ̰ǻֱ·ֺ
ָ֮ս£ô²ǻд˾𣿡
˲ߡʼ¡ؾ¶Цݡ


2838 һ
λʥӥѪԱ֮Ҷˡ
ΪҶ˵ӥԭӥʥӥܻΪѰżȻ¼ôλʥӥѪԱ飬ڿʥӥˡ
ʥӥĸ߲㣬ٷӦûӦԵĻôʥӥҲͲܳΪһ
׼ȷ˵ҶܵλʥӥĵѪԱѾðˡ
鱨֧£Ҷðǳɹġ
Ͱˡ
ʥӥȫӦ֮⣬һҲҪҶĺܴ
ʥӥĵѪԱɣʵÿһλҪҶ渶ȫ
ĵǿߣĹûмĹûȫָġ
Ҷⲻһʯ֧£ʱռֻ˰ʱ״̬ٴλָ۷塣
񹭻н棬Ҷɱʥӥ͸ĵʮ֮ࡣ
ȻʥӥĵѪԱҶҲʱռɵġ
ҶĿǰִеƻʱʮֱġ
Ѿ˾ųϵʥӥԭӥ⣬λʥӥĵѪԱҲӲͷԭӥ
֮ǰ
ȻΪҶ治ɱʥӥıɲġ
ԭӥӲͷҲûá
Ҷֻ˿ͬʱܵ⼸λʥӥĳԱԭӥˡ
λʥӥĵѪԱǵʥӥ飬˵ҶѾʥӥ
ѾôҶɱһʥӥĵѪԱҲͲʲôˡ
ԭӥǲģ
λʥӥǿڵʥӥ飬㼯һɢļµռϢ
˵ģû飬ǽ̺źռϢʥӥɱ֮ӦҲֱ׷Ʒ鱦
ԪָܻܲơҶԥĽռϢ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪȻ󣬾Ǿĵȴ
ΪԪıܷȫָָֻܹʲô̶ȣϵҶļƻ
ʮ챦⻪һͽռϢɫɫ֮С
˲Ϣ䣬鱦ʮԪ챦ɫԹ⻪ǣеɫԾͻ㼯ǿĹ⻪챦顣
Ҷע£ǿŹ⻪Ƶ챦飬ʼ⣬Щ޴ƣʼֺϡ
һĻҶϲѡ
һľͰװˮģֻľͰ̵Ǹ塣
һŹ⻪ѷ챦飬ͳ鱦ʮԪ챦̵Ǹ̰壬ðԪܹӳֱ½
ҪȻҶڵΪɫԪ飬ܹ鱦ʮԪ챦鷢ӳ鱦Ӧе
Ҷϲ䣬޴ֺϵǿ챦飬ֺҲȻֹ
Ԫǲ𣿡Ҷ濴һĻЦ
ҵƻָɣʥӥķݣҵƾܹȫָԪ˵
ҪķݣҶ滺˵ͷ֪ˡ
һ޵
ҶҲ֪ҲΪӦôˡ
ռڣҶϸһԼ֮ǰļƻ޶˼覴֮ŹȻ
ûǹȻУųϢ
֮ǰҶ£Сèϵķпռ䴩УϢƮܹ̽⵽ҶϢҲ
ʱҶ湫ȻųϢûвϵĴգôҶλã˶ԣͲʲôˡ
ʵ֮ǰҶľ֮ʣƻѾʼˡ
Ҷľ֮ûãҶյħʦʾħȻ֪ҶľݾڣȻ֪ͨɱСӣҶСģܿ
鱨ҶľľϿ֮һӺյġ
һӵʱҶʾʱ䣬ҲΪΪħǰߣе֪鱨Ļᣬм䵢ʱ䣬˵˿ӶûãѾҶλá
ٶȺܿ£Ҷ浽ĿǰΪֹҲûħλ֪ٵġ
ⲢҶִļƻ
ֻǧǧշĵ
ʱûסȰԼˡ
سԣ֮ΣͿԽ
ǣħһɱأ
ֻɳ컯أ
Ҷǲֵõüͷڹ꣬һûǿɲҶӡ
Ҷ浱֮⣬һҪôڣң
Ĵڴңûǿʵǲеġ
ԣҶյļƻ
ȻħɱǱȻõҶ٣ôҶƲ⣬϶Ѿľݸ
Ҷ֮ǰԭӥ¶֮֮Եôʱ䣬ҲиħɱСʱ˼
ҪȻħɱСȫԱ컯Ĵڣ·ҲҪһʱġ
ֻҪħɱСӸϵľݸôҶ˿̹Ȼò˶ãħɱСӾͻ֡
ҶһƻҲҪִˡ
İ͸ʥӥͳ˧ԭӥҶӳһ漴ʧ
ʥӥȻ˽ҪԼĵѪˣôҶҪǲúһ£ôԵΪʥӥսĴʿͰգ
Ҷһã·ĴɽĶ࣬ٿ޼˾ʦηɰ׺Žٽ̣Լͨۻԡ顢Ŀˣ׷û·ɽֺ
ûɽֺ֮ǰԪ鰢ȴһһǼӳһ̫ɽֵɲǣϢӰ˲ϢɽֺΪһ塣


2839 
ľݾɿ
ʱľݾɿȻˣս𴦴졣
ȻʥӥΪռ첢ͳЩǳأûʵϿľֹƳǺıС
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣҲһͳ衣
ԶʿҪӺɱ¾ʿйоܵԹ࣬ҪΪսͬűͬʱҲʥӥΪպͳһ壬պͳΡ
ɿ߿գΪָӹռɿʥӥĵѪԱԭӥ߾µצϣһּ飬··ɱ¾ڽС
ϸ۲ԭӥ࣬ͻᷢԭӥע·ĳǳУ˷
Ҵʱԭӥţѹûг֮ɡ
ͻȻ䣬һзɳԭӥ࣬ԭӥ񾭣˲ؾͷӦ
һԭӥץס֮£һͽˡ
ͬʱռΪ֮һĵطƺͱ˳һʥӥ컯ԭͳֵĵط
⻪һԭѾһ̵żֻһɨԭͳгȵֻһһԵļĻܣ壬ǵмѾ¶ˡ
ôᱩ¶
ʥӥĺͳ˧ԭӥ֣鿴һ¼ĻܣĿͿԭӥ࣬ʲô
ոտԭӥýǸֳġ
ҵģ
ԭӥӹ򣬽ɨһۣͱޱȵѿ˼־ɥ棬ǱǸҶĵɵˣ
ô£
һߣͻأĳУһ֣컯ԭֻԭӥԼԭӥˣ鶼ޱȹ
뿴
ԭӥĽݸԭա
ԭԭӥүү컯ĿֲڣʥӥҲƺ
ӥԪ˧δĳʱڣҲ㿴֮ʮϢҲǰϢ֮Ҳǰӣҽʥӥе⣬ڿ֮ڵִֵĵط
һҾɱһʥӥĵѪԱţˣ߸ʱ䡣
ԭյüѾһ֣üҲƲסĿʼ
в
вʥӥ壡
ƫƫвʥӥƫƫ͵óԡ
Ⲣȫ
⣬ӥԪ˧֮⣬ʥӥǰĵļλ컯Ҳȫ֡
ţһҾɱһʥӥĵѪԱȻ߸Ļᡣ
һѣҽʱʥӥλãԼھɿľ֮䡣
⣬ҪҵĹҼȻλʥӥĵѪԱǾնɱǵĵ
ȻܹԲ
ԭյԭӥļʶȻˣһевû̫ʵݣʵֻǸǰ࣬ĸɻӦǵִҶ淢λ֮
ǲͷϷ
ǣǳҶ淢λ֮ôϾʹűҶԶˡ
֪ҶῪʲô
ңһУҶ滹ʥӥ컯Ĵڡ
Ȼ漰컯ôҶ;Բ򵥡
棬壬¶˵Ӧô죿ԭӥ˿ƵֱѪ
֮ǰǵõҶѪԱϢһʱԭ
սĴ½ʱʱ컯ĳУλ컯ĳһ㲻¶棬»컯ĵˡ
û뵽ԭԭȻԭա
ԭգʥӥںպսһĴڡ
ʮǰڵľͻϮʥӥ磬ԭӲĵס˾ʱΪȡ˱ĻԮʱ䡣
ȻʮǰҲֻǵľ񽫣ԭգҲһλ컯ڵ˶ѡ
ԭյͷж죬֪
ԭӥû뵽徹Ȼԭ涼˹
ϲ֮£¾Ͷơ
ĵѪԱʥӥߣһҪ̵ʱھȻ
ԭӥΪҶпܻʥӥĵѪԱ֡
ܿģԭӥҶĶַΧ͹켣ΪҶһĿ꣬ʮа˾ŻǾɿԭӥࡣ
ȷ֮ʥӥԭڵλ컯ڣһʱ˾ɿܱߣҶ
Ҷ֮󣬾ʹ֮ƣɱҶ棬нҶԪ飬ҶκвǵĻᣬȳܵĵѪԱ
û룬ûҶ棬ȴҶв
ǵļƻһЦ
ԭӥһޱȵıҶϷŪĳС
ٷŭҶˣԭӥýȥ
ԭղû˵ǿԭԭӥô
ԭ̾һ壬ѪԱĸδãвǣ컯ڣҶǵ졣
ǶҶ鱨˽⣬ɱĺ壬Ҿпܻᰴ˵
˵ԭǾͱÿɬޱȣ壬Ҿûѡ񣡡
ûѡ𣿡ԭճʡ
ԭӥҲεĵͷ棬ΪѪԱƣǻȥĺãȥˣٻӦ䣡
еԭջ˵ͷϷأʱԭ׳һ⡣
ԭԥ
棬ǽ飬ȻǸҶ涴ϤˣҶҷ˽ǲǳΪһ滹ǡԭӥ˵
ҲãȻˣϷͿˣʲôУ


2840 Ҫ
ɽָ߿֮ϣΪյжҶ滹ڿҪҪװĸһ㣬ҪҪ뿪ٻط¶ʱȻһλԹ⺣ʹ͡Ԥ
ˣм΢Ŀռ䲨
ˣƿ̶٣Ӧӽӽٶȼ亱
Ļ湻ģ
Ҷ̾һγ𣬾뿪ЦдҶԪ˧ˣͱˣ
͵һյشг֣ĵɫ͵طɳֶĸ
ɫ⻪һվ΢΢һҶԿռĸӦͱüɬ
ҶµСè˻ԴϾ͸Ҷ棬ռ䱻Ѿ޷ʩչͨˡ
һ㣬Ҷ֮ڣҶһҲ⡣
ֻǣյļȴҶ⡣
յľ޴ȫһħ
λʮħֵһ˲䣬ͷգ޴ζ䣬ƺռ䶼ڻζ
ʮ»Ƶľʾ컯񽫵ʵ
컯񽫼ħ⻹ǷǳģһΣȻɱҶĶС
Ҷ֮ǰõ鱨ɱСе컯񽫣Ӧһλħ
ħΪ˱Ҷնɱħڶʮһоܹ֮ܽɳ컯񽫡
Ҷûħ컯񽫣ħһ컯񽫡
֮£ħһʮ컯񽫣ӵѶԸ
ȻѶԸ׼Ҷ沢¡
ըһŭʮħ𣬡ҹСұնɱҪǸһӱĳȫ˺ඣ
ʮħҹĿһҶ棬Ϳ˺󷽣һϷʣ˺ﱲĳ֮ǰҾԿԽĺ󱲵ѵȫ󱬣
һߣһɢŴĿɽһˣӲм˳ɲǣضҵĲ
һ컯񽫣
ֵĽȴҶɫΪ֮һ䡣
ǰ񣬲鱨еħ컯񽫡
ħ컯񽫽ҶͻȻΣ
ħɽɷ̺űըԵɽһͣ붼ǲ֪жĽס
һܺףҲпܰٴＸʮ׵Ľףһ־֮С
ĿǰԣҶ䣬ǾԺ䲻׵ġ
ҶͻȻףسݵʦԤԵѪ֮ôˡ
ܹסҶ棬ħ컯񽫽һˣܹնɱҶ
컯񽫣ħǿңҶЦ䣬ʮħ컯ϢܱС
ʮ컯ˣ컯񽫣ӦħһɱСӵȫˡ
ʱħ컯ˣ컯񽫽ҹҶĿⶼڿһˡ
˵ʵΪҶһϳôǿ£ֱ˼顣
֪ħʦϣǿѺҪ£Լһ鱨ųݡ
ǿݰΧҶ棬λͷ컯񽫽ҹȴû϶ֵ˼ȤĿҶ档
˵һڱ㣬ʱ˿̣ѵ𣿡
Ҷͫһħ徹Ȼ֪һ
ϴִţҶ֪£ֻ֪鱨
ڣħȴ֪ˡ
ȻħҪɱҶ档

ﺮֱðҶҹЦȻϾͻ֣
أ
ҹ˷̰
ϣ
Ҷһ֣һǴԭӥϽɻʥӥȷѶͶسը졣
Ԯ
ҹȻһЦʲôԮ
׳գ
ǲǰ׳գԴҪˣһ壬ҪԴ
Цһؼƾ⣬һֻһץҶ档
ֻץĴҶĸоУǴ֣أ
ҶһҶһ޷еѹȸУ
ؼһɲƺҶ˵⡣
Ҷޱȣ컯񽫵
ѹص⣬Ҷ汳ɲǣ˲ʧ
Щû𣿡
ƺϵħ壬ֵɲǣ£һۼĽ֣ݺݵײһ
䣡
ɫɫĳֱӽԲɽͷƽռƣƺıԵ˲Ϣָ
Ľͬʱ
ħ컯񽫽Ȼϲ
һӦúأԶԶûлָ
ҹͻȻֵ˫Ŀиޱ̰Ĺ⻪һ˵Ļûлָûʵʵ̫ˣֵ
ͬʱҶԺ𣬡СӣһսһԸԱ뿪
Ҫ
ҶĻشŭʶô͵ɣͬʱɫֱ䣬ã컯ˣԸǸٶ࣬Ҳ޷뿪
ҲڴʱռҵҹһյĸڱĿޱȵĹ⻪֮ͻȻͻ˻ҽ
ռʧҹɫش䣬ãǿУ
˸ɫӥ߸Σҹסյĸ𻯳ɻҽ֮󣬾ֱ̤֮
վһԭӥҶ湰˹֣ҶԪ˧ѾԼִ


2841 ֮ս
⡢ɫǿߵִҹΪɵ
ԭӥҶк֮ҹͱޱȡ
Ҫԭӥ˵ʵϢ̫ǿˡ
һ۷壬컯ˣһ컯񽫡
ʵҶҲ⣬ȫû뵽ʥӥ徹Ȼһλ컯񽫡
ʥӥĿռ̫ͨǿˣҶ治µλĿ
ɷϣҶµȻǿ󣬵ͬΪʥӥĳԱѷһġ
ڿռͨ棬޷ʥӥѪͨȵġ
鱨棬Ĳ̫ϸ¡
Ҷֻ֪ʥӥ컯û뵽һޱ򣬾Ȼֱӽʥӥ컯񽫸Ƴˡ
Ҷġ
ʥӥ컯񽫶ⲻ˵ʥӥλҶܵĵѪԱޱȵ
Ϊ컯񽫣ʥӥǺ˽ģħ컯񽫶ʥӥȻǼΪɵ
ʥӥ壬ʲô֪ڹռľݣǲûκð˼
ҹһʱԼСʥӥɲǴģɱġ
һʥӥ컯ˣͿ컯񽫶ԿҪȥδռš
ȻʵҲģħҲǷǳǿġ
ħĽ񣬻ħ컯񽫣սͬһ㡣
ֻһεĿҶ棬ħ廨˴ٵҶ档
ɱҶ棬ħ壬ǳش
ʥӥˣѹûҹʾãǶĿҶ档
ҹҲΪʥӥڵĸ߰ǳġ
ԭԭգѿʱ˿̣Ȼµʲô
ɱǣ
Ҷһָҹ񣬿
ԭӥȿһԭգڻõԭյ֮ͬ󣬲ſڵλ컯񽫣ʮλ컯ˣֻܾΪ
һҾɱһҶĿۣǳĹʥӥһɸɫ䡣
λ컯񽫣ԭӥֱ
ҲһǵģҶָָӰ
⡭
һѪĤĸ첲ȣҶֱ˳ѪɢʥӥѪеϢԭӥԭԭյɫٴδ䡣
ҶʱռڣԭӥĲҽҶģҲѾô
ⲻǻúõĻ𣿡ҶԭӥܻҲ޿κΡ
˭Ƿ²ء
㡭ԭӥɫ䣬ԭǰҶǣҿ㱣֤һܲˣԭҹ˵
ҶĿⶸر䣬ǲײĲˣðɣҾɱһ

ԭ֮£ڵһʱֹҶ棬ʥӥѪľ̫ʧ
ǱҶɱһǰˡ
ԭʾĿ⿴ԭգԭɭȻĿɨһҶ棬Ȼ촽ͱųһ֡ɱ
һɲǣһһɫȴ̺ɫնĿռоնħʮħҹ
ͻȻ֣֮ҹֽһɫ⻪ɲǣܡ
˰ֲ˵ҹɫ⻪֮ɫĿռУǲ˰֡
˿ҹһҽУһֻȻռû˴롣
ͬʱԭλʥӥ컯ˣͷ׷ħ컯ˡ
ħ컯˶֪ս޷⣬׷ӭս
ϵƣħ컯Զսһ
Ҷ澪ǣħ컯ԶսһʥӥԭΪ׵λ컯˾Ȼ˿壬һս£·硣
ͬģ컯񽫵Уħ컯񽫽ħ컯ҹͬսԭգԭվȻмѹ˵˼
ħ컯񽫽ǰ棬ĽףԭյĿռײһ𣬷̶ļХħ컯ҹһһԽԭա
ǴʬɽѪսĴڣʱ˫Ȼսûκηϻȫս
ԭյսȴǸӵľޡ
ÿһΣҹǻԭգĪʧ
෴ģԭǰĽ˺
ԭӥûвսǼڸҶ̸ҶԪ˧ѾԼսǰɣֻҪõĽǣ£ǿԵûҿʥӥġ
ɱǣ̸Ҷָħ컯˵
⡭
ٷϻұ֤ȸһʬ壡
ҶĻԭӥǵı͡
ʮ컯ˣ컯񽫴սĶƾ춯ء
ʱڣĴ½Ŀռһֱڲϵļǿţʱռɱò·ɽͷϵıƽս췭ظ
Ҷ氵Ĩһ亹ҿҶڷħλ컯֮󣬾ڵһʱС·ص͵صԶ
ҪȻ컯սܾͻҶ淽
˫սҶȼ󣬲ϵйҶ棬ȴҶס
ʥӥ컯컯Ȼսˣÿһս֮£ȴħ컯ս˸ƽ
˫˿ս֮С
ԭӥȴǼˣҶԪ˧λΪʲôս
ҪսʱȻսģ
㡭
ԭӥᣬݺݵĶ˶ţҲսȦֱӲһħ컯ˣΪһʥӥ컯˸
ϣʥӥ컯ڶʱɱħ컯Ӷս
ֻΪ컯Σͨƻָ죬սҲüǿҪսҪһʱġ
ǽޱϬʥӥ컯ˣҲˡ
һʱ䣬Ƭɽ췭ظЩռ䱳Կռ䡣
ɼⳡսҶ֮ǿ
ԭ˫Ŀ꣬ʱȴҶȴ۾գ˼һ⡪ִʲôʱ
һսʮ컯ˣ컯񽫣ʥӥԭյƻ޽ӽ컯ⳡսĶж
ҶԱ֤˵ǾĴ½ᱻ
ⳡսз컯˲սĽ֮ĵһ춯صĴսǷ
ԲɽرȻ飬ϵ潬ˮ죬лռڶ֡
Ҷ֪һΣô
ɶٸֹ
ܿģҶԺо鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫд컯ڸϹ
Ϊ漰컯񽫣Ҷڿս֮ǰͽд͡͵ԶԶģñֶ⡣
컯񽫵̫ǿˣ
Ҷֻ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪܱУ̽鱨
ж٣
ʮλңλ컯񽫡Ԫ˵
ӦϹˡ
ͻȻͣǧ֮⡣Ԫٴ


2842 ˮ
ʮ컯ˡ컯ټҶŵһδ֮ĴսĴ½
Ϊ֯һεɱжħħǵһʱõ鱨
ô˵ĶսĵķԲ֮췭ظ˵Ҫ̫ôħڵ컯ĴڣħڣҲԼԼĸӦ
ħ񹬸߲֪ħʦǣڵһʱۼ֪ħʦϣľǰħʰҲʹߣ֪֪ħʦϣԴ˵жϴá
Ͼһս˶컯컯񽫲սǹȻΥĽ̬ķչĴ½ķչƣҪĲο塣
ϣ֪ɱС⵽ǿУ費ҪɳԮһ֪ħʦʵ
ħȻΪ蹬ħľ߲㣬ʵ֪ħʦ
һɰ֪ħʦܣ±ߵĴʦʦ컯ħ壬֪ħʦ
ħڲ֪ħʦޱȳߵĵλ
˴֮ʱħ񹬵֪ǣͻ붯ϣ֪
ħľ֪ħʦ٣Ǿϣȴħ֪ħʦеĵһλƽر֪ħʦΪ֪
֪ħʦϣŻش𣬶ԶĿƺܹ͸ǰĿռ俴սһޱȵϢ˶ƮףǾϣ֪Ԥ
ܱߵȴڶ֪ħʦħʹ߼״ҳֻܾĵȴ֪ħʦϣԤ
ͻȻ䣬֪ħʦϣһ̲סһУͻȻ˼Ѫ
֪ħʦϣȻѪˣ
һڵȴ֪ħʦħʹߴ󾪣׷Χȥȴ֪ħʦϣʾ¡
ã֪ħʦϣŻתǺȻһѪ
дܻ޷ͨЩ˸Զδ
һһ֪ħʦɫٴһ䡣
֪ߣΪ֪ħʦϣ仰ϣƽ֪ߣƽһޱȡ
ԤҲĪı¡
ħڵ֪ħʦǣɸѡѡʺѧϰ֪طӣһ·ϵ֪ͱȽˡ
ܹͻƳΪ֪ǾǾž֮ˡ
ǣֻгΪգŻΪħȫ֪ǾϣͱΪ֪
˾ϣԳ棬ָһħÿÿܹȷѡ
Ҳħǿ󡢴ܲ˵ԭ򣬾Ϊħоϣָ֪ħĳЩشʱܹȷѡ
ħĸУ֪ħʦϣȫܵģԤеĵһˣȻЩ֪ʶӵ̣Ԥһ£ʵޱȵĸӡ
Ǵʱ˿̣֪ħʦϣȴ˵дܻ
Щ֪Ǿףб֪ħʦϣǿĴڳˡ
ô֪ħʦϣǿĴڳ֣ʲôĿأ
֪ͨҹ񣬾˻أ겻ɣԱȫΪһҪ񡣡֪ħʦϣ
ǣ֪ħʦȥʱа֪ħʦʵ֪Ȼ˵ΣգҪҪɳԮ
ԣ֪ħʦϣǱޱȵĿɬҡҡͷȾ䡣
֪ħʦϣܹĴڣֻôλλ棡
λֻǾʹһ־棡
ĺħ񹬵ľ棬棡
Ҳһֱ̬
ֱ̬£ħ񹬾;Բٶˡ
ħٲ֣ôħɳһ֧ɱСӣΪЩԭܹŻ
ħٲ֣̬ɾͲܿˡ

ɵصĳڣϥһλ멵ߣΧϥŰλߡ
ڴسݣ멹ĺΧ
ãе߲Ż¶سһӰΧλߣ໺о㻺һ
ʱسݲǰʦλʦ֣ˡ
һʦֲ˵سһӰ̫ϣİ˰֡
һسݿеʦ֣ȴЩɻ󣬡ʦ𣬴˴ʦҵðű¶ΣΪ˸ǸҶ洴ᣬǲЩˣ
ʦҶѵֵôŵİȫ𣿡
⣬سһݣ˵ȴ̫ʾ¡
𣿡
̫֣һɵ˸ڽӻ
Щͨǰˡ
ʦ𷢻һɵӸȻæ޶ۣʦʾ¡
ñأֻаˮˣźûˮ㣬𣿡
һɵһݣֹлʦ̻塣
⣬Ƕͨһѵõıȥ֮غ򡣡
ǣӵȽʦ̻塣
֪ͨãŵĲԿһˡ
ǣ
ôѵʾһɵӰسڣ׷뿪
ڴڵλڵ̫ϣȴ̾һ֪Ҫȶá
ָᵯ⻪ɢ˲شӱʧ

ΪĴ½ͳߣʮλ컯ˡλ컯ľݴսĶһʱͳڣλȨ׼
ľݵĻһ鱨ԣһݿϸ鱨ֱ׼谸ͷͬʱһȨҲΪ⾪֮սԷľۼ´
˭֪Ѿ˼ؼľʱ̣


2843 ʥ֮
׼ħ康Ȼʮ컯ˡ컯ΧҶΪǱħɫ
׼ոյִȨİԼ׼ΪǱϻʥɫ
׼貢ûϻشϸϸĿ鱨֮󣬳鲢ûôħ컯Ǳʥӥ컯˸ס
ĿǰԣҶ沢ûκΣգ
һΪߴȨĸٲŭˣ׼ҶˣЩ컯Υսôܻ컯ĴΧ
ҽİȫʥӥ컯أ
Ƴһ۸ٲոյõϢִȻȥϾͻƽϢ̬
ٲ뿰İ˵ʲôͳȵǿ֪붯ʥζʲô
ζսҶȽɱʱģֻǴܣ
׼ѲħͶ컯սΨҴܲɣֻܱ򣿡һֱδڵĳֹˡ
ֹһڣʱ͸ܵ˾޴ѹ
İȫûʱھö赣˵óֹʱͳĺ
ʱֹһѣȨĶ˶衣
ǶһϵȨǣʱҲһĲɻ
糤ֹԣħ嶼ͬ컯ĴڣѵܾҪһֱ
Ҫ֪ħ컯ΧɱҶ棡
Ҷ˭
Ҷĵһݣ
һȨħ컯ս
ħ컯Ȼʥ֣
ѹûκ˼ϴƺ;ж־
ڴ׼ǰֵݣֻ
׼˼ǣǱº;㱣ֿƣͻʵ
׼ûз£ֻǳ͵һ컯ȫսǵʱ򣬳Կģ϶Ǵܡ
ΪܵʥȻ࣬ǸħԼ컯༫
ԣܲȫ涯ʥͲȫ涯ʥ
׼˼Īǵħ컯ɱˣ붯ʥ𣿡ս
ݺݵĵһ۱󣬡󣬱˵ˣδ붯ʥʱ򣡡
㣡
սᣬĻɭɭ𣬡׼ҪҪĳȥҶٻꣿ
ɭɭУ͸ǿҵĲ
˷ŭ֮£Ȼʼս׼Ȩ͵һеȨȣĪѹɢôΪ֮һݡ
Ϸ׼ľ
һڵȨĿΪ֮һֹڣû˿ڡ
Ϊһ׼ӶȨȨȣ˸ҲôҪʵ̷
ǿɲǺġ
ǣһλ׼ҪһȨʹȨʱҲλ׼ȨȻʼµ
黹ûеصһϷ˵ˣִѾϹȥˣҶ棬ǰȫģ׼ٴǿһ䣬ǽΪ
ȨͲ̫⣬Բûκһ뿪ھĵȴµϢ

ľս֮ϣõ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ鱨֮ҶЩȻ
ӣǹģԹܹ
ʮλ컯λ컯񽫣ܹǰľƣͣԶô£
Ҫʲô
ҶЩӽѰս
ʥӥ컯ҶĿǰǲܵģҶĿǰĵһҪҪնɱλħ컯컯񽫣شħ壬Ҳħѵ
ͬʱҶҲԼʵ뷨
ҶͳһٵԸ֮ҶӰе񹭣͵ع⻪䣬ʼѰս
һսͳûɱħ컯ˣлᣬ컯Ҳɱġ
ڴսħ컯ǿǣ컯ǣϢ
Ϣһҹ͸Ӧˡ
ǵɱ飬һ۾Ҫʲô
ϼһｻסȥնɱǸҶģոյϣ֪ħʦ֪ħ컯˲ؾ˾
ͬʱͻسһǧ׵ɭսһնռݾǾһ
ڴսԭգɱܿɲǣЩ죬ɷ۵ս
ñҪи飬Ǿһɱ֮鱦
ëҿ飬ٺʲֳɷ۵սһ׷ǿ󣬿ӲԭյĿռ乥󿪴֮£һʱ侹Ȼסԭա
ҲÿûǸ£ԭЦһ˸ӵû
нסԭգħ컯ҹҶ˹
Ҷ氵̾һЩ컯ĴڣһϺ꣬һ˿һĻᡣ
ԭҶ滹ûնɱһλ컯񽫵ġ
ʱ˿ֻ̣ӭҹסҹ
ޱȵϬħҹжѸ磬˲Ϣǧ޷ôĽս֮С
״ҶЦһй⻪֣ɱ
סΪҶ䲻ɱˣ
ݣ
ɫ䣬׼ս˱ԭһкǧ׵ħ컯˵˫Ŀ


2844 ۼЧӦ
Ҷλ컯˾ħҲ˵á
ƺܵҶ̺Ŀֲɱ˫ĿнⱩǽ֯Ȼ۳һޱȵĽɫضܣ˫֮ǰ
Ҷĵһȥײһľ޴
ҶĿǰܣǼϵ£һ֮£Ȼûⷽܣֻⷽܳơ
ĵڶĺ£飬컯˾ħű
ֱӽ컯˾ħͷǹǱһ󶴣컯˾ħɻš
ջڲҶħ֮սʥӥ컯ԭһĻͻȻһ
ҶܣȻôǿ
ܹ˵컯˾ħ
Ҫ֪ħһԷʥӥ컯ˣռϷףҪش컯˾ħȴȽѡ
ǰҶ棬ȴˡ
£ԭ˶Ҷ֮Ĳ˵ԭսҲḻս֮УҶ棬Ҷ洴ս
һ֮ԭҶ洴սҶ䣬ֱӶλ컯˾ħ
ħĵһλ컯Ҷ
λħ컯ɲǣҶһȣʵʵɱɷ㼯Ҷе񹭡
ڵɱ꣬ǱһСء
Ҷ񹭵ٴ
ҲһĻۣƷ鱦ûı仯
ҲͬһɲǣҶĸоУһĪ׺͸УؼעҶڡ
Ҷ澫һ
Ҷ֪նɱ컯֮־Ľ
ҶĴ½طӵ׺ͣҶĴ½طֻҶʩչµķӵĿٺǿ
һԣԭҲ¶֮ɫϢǿļ֡
ԭ壬նɱ֮󣬺ôҪҶٵö࣬ԵĺôܺĴ½ѹƵķȻȼ٣Ҳ˵ԭԷӳǿ
ҶЩɻ
նɱħ컯֮־ĽһҶնɱػõĽҪٺܶ࣬һ붼ûС
ҲҶɻĵڣؼͻȻλ컯˾ħʬΪģޱѪꡣ
Ҷɫرޱȵѿ˲Ϣ䣬Ҷʶһޱȿµжϣ
컯˾ħ䣬ħ컯񽫽ŭ
һλ컯˾ħħһԣޱȾ޴ʧ
ɣ
ʵϣħɣ
컯˾ħħڣħ
Ҷ棬ɱħұȫ壡ŭԭյĲ£ҲֻȫأʱûгֱҶĻᡣ
ħһλ컯ҹȴǸż
λ컯˾ħһԭڳˣԭͿٴηֵһλħ컯ˣҶնɱ
Ҫ֪֮ǰսǣħʮλ컯ˣʥӥλ컯˺͵۷ԭӥ׽ɱ
λʥӥ컯ˣÿλħ컯ˣԭӥԭսһλ
һжʥ컯ˣսʮּҲƾǿĿռͨսȥǳʤôսȥܵĿܾʥӥ컯ˡ
ǣԭҶնɱһλħ컯ˣԭڳˣλʥӥ컯еһλֵѹ
ҪҶնɱһλħ컯ˣǾͻγɿֲۼЧӦ
ͻλʥӥ컯ҶΧһħ컯ˣɱһλࡣ
ۼЧӦ֮£ħ巽İעġ
һҹˡ
Ծ⣬ҪѰսҪնɱҶ棬Ҫնɱشһλʥӥ컯ˡ
ϧǣȻʧȴҲûлָһ㣬طϵ裬ȴǳľˡ
ȻƵҹƵġ
ÿһ䣬ҹ޴вҹ޷ս
ս䱦
ԭҶնɱһλħ컯֮ʥӥ컯ǣҲȷҶȷҪǵԿЩħ컯
ǴҪħ֮ǵļ㡣
ԣԭȫҶ֡
ҹһԭִһλʥӥ컯зֳһλħ컯ˡ
ԭޱȵĽɱˣֻҶ洴ս
ҶҲԭϢ֮ԭ£Ҷٴɱһλħ컯ˡ
ҹס
ؽ̺Ѫ֮־ֶҶ˽
֮ǰնɱһλħ컯˵龰һ
Ҷɫޱȵء
նɱħ컯֮־нҲ̱Ѫꡣ
ħںĴ½־УߣҲǱ
ħȻ˺Ĵ½ʼ˺Ĵ½Ͽɡ
Ҷţȥò˶꣬ħ¾ͻ᳹׵Ĵ½һ˺Ĵ½Ͽɺͱӻ
ôħ壬ӻҲ֮һҪûӻôպħսܵƽӵԡ
ͬʱҶҲˣΪʲôЩħĹƻԽԽǿħĻ£˺Ĵ½ҲһҪԭ
Ȼĳ˼УҶԭȻɱħ컯ˣۼЧӦȻ
ҲڴʱҶͻؾյ˰Ԫļ


2845 ִ
ǰֶˣ߽ӽֻһ룬һԭء
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪļҶһ
ִҪʲô
˶ʮˣԶһֻһ롣
£ִ񽫼ȻϵˣӦڵһʱֹ̬ȴ۶ӡ
Ҷ汾ܵľģûɶġ
ѵƫܵģ
Ҷ뵽һܡ
ҡҡͷô¼ð֮ƫܣ
ƺ̫ܣ
㲻ƫܣģ϶ûġ
Ҷֵ»Ǽӿٶȡ
ΣҶĹǿ϶Ҷġ
ִִǣٶĿ죬ȻҶԭٴκҲֻ֮ǰնɱһħ컯ˡ
ϲǣۼЧӦ֮£ʥӥ컯ˣشλħ컯ˡ
ǺôĵӣȻΥ˵Ľٻء
ִ񽫣Ҷ֮ǰִš
һ֣ŭ֮߳࣬һñӾͿ
ǴñȻս˫ħ廹ʥӥ壬ûκֵͣ˼
ʱ˫սȣһóȻȴش
ɴսˣ£ִŭˣ
ϣ
һִ֣ʮλ컯ˣִԼȥսš
ҶĿɿڴǣִһ˵ȾȻ䲻ҪȻƫܡ
һִȥΧľȻʥӥ컯ˡ
һڴȻĴʥӥ컯ˣȴħ컯˲ܡ
ʮִˣֱӶһΧʥӥλ컯ˣ˲Ϣʥӥλ컯˿ս
ͬʱҲħ컯ڳˡ
ħһʮ컯ˣ֮ǰҶԭնɱλʥӥشλʱλ컯ˣһλǱԭӥסˡ
֮λħ컯˾Ȼû˵ˣڿ״̬
Ȼû˵ˣλħ컯˻ûзӦλħе컯еһλͻȻ죬ɱҶ棡
λħ컯˾Ҷ˹
Ҷˡ
⻹겻Ҫ
ţȻħ壡ҶͻȻָƿڴ
ִȴһЦ˭ΥĽǾ˭
ҶȻħ컯ˣѵûΥ𣿡
ȻҪʰʥӥΥļһȻʰħ컯ˡֱ׳˵
Ҷţ⻰ֱе
ʱѾҶִκ磬Ϊħڳֵλ컯ˣѾɱҶ档
ʱҶȻκԥŭһֱľӵʥڣעһǧԸͬʱҲ´
ϧһдۣնɱһλħ컯ˣ
˲رעһǧԸǡ
񹭶ػóʮ⻪Ȼʮ
ɱ󣡡
ʮϵʮҹʮϢ֮£γһֲɱ󣬱֮£ֱӱҹ
ⱦޱȵʱ̣
ͬʱ͵ȴһɲǵҶ棬һ̤ش
ҶĵشͨЩ컯˵Ӱ죬ǵ󣬵һ̶ȵӰ졣
ɫĵشɢɲǣҶλħ컯Ϊ֮һ͡
Ȼһĵش֮е巴Ӧٶ͵һ¡
ҲһͣǳĻӡ
䣬ˡ
λħ컯ˣҲ˵ãֻһ˱һɱˣֶֻˣûбɱ
ǣսϻҶ棡
Ҷ֮£һһ˵ħ컯ˣԴҶ䱬
λħ컯ˣ˲ϢʧˣһλҲ֮£ɵҶ棬׷Ҷ棬æԶݡ
һĻҹŭ
õĻᰡۿϾҪնɱҶȴˣȴֱƻˡ
ֻҲûϵս֮ǰȻһֱڱ
Ȼҹ뷨
ʵڱҶע˴Ը
ŭ֮£ҹ빥Ҷ棬ȴס
ԶǰûмսȦţ۾
Ŀʥӥ컯ԭתƣܿģѡʥӥ컯ԭա
󵨣ס֣һŭžͳֲսʥӥ컯ԭա
˲Ϣ䣬ħħ컯񽫽û˶֣
һɲǣҶЦҶģˣ


2846 Ϊ˱н
µ鱨͹´ڵգٴαý
׼鱨ִѾˣִ񽫲ģƫܣס˰ҶԿħʥӥĸ֣ħ컯񽫿ڳԸҶҶĴ˿ȻΣյ£
ݽ鱨ڵյ˱㣬ȨǣĿⶼ׷׿˴׼裬Ҫ׼˿̵ľϡ
ʱһϢһϢĹȥˣȨȵĶ裬ֻôĴָĦȨȵȱһֱڳûκα̬
ٶ´ڵգԽԽѹ֡
ȨİߴȨٲһۣٲǰ׼ʥɳԮɡ
ٲɣҶΣˡ
ڵߴȨٲֻǿһ۸ٲûб̬
һĻȨİصһеȨȣֱӳŶŭ׼ĪҪȵҶ汻ɱԸɳԮ
Ϊأ
Ȩİֱӿ磬׼ҲӲһ۴һе񣬶ȵĿǰսҶȣΪأ
ƨĴΪأ
£ȨİҲ̲סˣеȨȣָŴ׼ƿڴǶҶԹҿǳûɣ
ûڶ׼պִǼ䲻ģҲŭˡ
İϷһΪϷеľֻվʹյϳ˽ġ
㣬Ҷ˽񣬴ʱԱԲѷѵΪ˽ģ
裬ҵ˽ģ½֪˽ģȴʲôΪرչȣǲ˽
˽ˣεºܹλӴ׼֮λȨİǳ׼ˣֱȫ綫衣
ȨİԣҶ˽ǿսϹĽ顣
ҵ꿰İԪ޷ָԭҪˣҶҩұԪƣܼĵȨ
Ȩİôһɣ׼͹Ҳסˡ
Ҫ֪ȨİڣʸˣȻĴ׼֮λͷǳˡ
͵һд׼ȨȨȣſİȵİϷδ׼붯񷢶ȨϷ
Ҳֱɱּѡܡ
ǣϷһǴ׼Ҫʹһմ׼ְܡ
ĿǰսҶȾͶԴܶԣٲԣΪأݲɳʥ
˵꣬׼ݺݵһеȨȣǶһ
㣡
ȨİᣬָŶ˶ӣ
ħ컯˶̽Ҳܣǵ컯ͻӵ޼ɵ
ѵҪҴܵľӢħ컯ǰ
֮
ҶҴĿǰΪĿͳֵͳ˧
ңҶһȥľݣҲΪ˽ľ֮ΧΪҴܼḺ׼Ҫ˼
Ȩİǳ׵ļˣԭӦ׼Ӳס
˿̣ΪҶ棬ȨİȻΣĶһְöı⡣
ΪȨĿİԣѾ˼ˡ
ΪԣȨİ񷢶Ȩ׼˵һڶϵȨǲͨ᰸ͨһҶʬ嶼ûˡ
ʵּ
ȫǶѹˡ
Ŀǰ˭֪һδ׼ʵεĴ׼ҲʵۻĴ׼
˵Ĵ׼ƻȨġ
Ϊ׼֮Ȼʧȥ壬Ϊ˻Ȩİ֡
ҪȻδʦһ£ѹͲܳ֡
׼˼붯ʥԮҶȨİΣߴٲҲˡ
׼ҪֻҪȳҶͿˡûĵھŴȨҲˡ
λȫǵҶħսŹĽ飬ʱȫվҶ˵
ģȴǴ׼Ц
Ҵƣı꣬Ҷ棬û𣿡
˵ľһ£Ҷж˴֣д˴ִȻȥʥȥǻ¿ʵͿ޼ɵɳ컯˲ս
һ򲻶Ը컯ٶȲ֣ǶǴܶԣѡ
ʱ򣬱˵Ҷ棬Ϸ򣬶Ǵܵˣ
˵꣬׼ٴصһеȨȣɱѾ˭ٸԴ£ݹϷ̷ź򣡡
׼˵˼ȨİߴȨٲھŴȨо¶޺޺⡣
ⶫ裬ļȣҪҶ
ʱ˿̶Ǵ׼ͷûɳʥģҲûڶʱڻЩ˯ʥġ
һֱδڵֹͻȻ俪ˡ
׼˼ôľݣԺħ컯ˣҪŵ
Գֵ˫ݣ׼޺޵ҧҧΪأϷһ˵˼Ŀǡ
ԣֹһ˿ɫֱ˵ʼ¡Ҳֶ֧
ֻ˵ǣⱾʼ¡ľ
ҵĸʣ㵽ôˡ
ĵ׷һʹޱȵİֹ̾ҲͲԴ׼ˡ
׼Ѿģ˵á
ֹĿ⻺´ڵȨǣڡ
λҶ桢Ҷ飬λ
֮ʹܾľ֮⣬Ҷֵıˮ壬˻һ岻˵նɱشԼλʥӡ
֮ǰǸ޴Ĵնɱһλ컯ˣЧ塣
ʥӥľݣҶǰľݣһ֮ľ忤֮غǧܰա
ֱӵģӵľ˶ٴܰգ˶壬޷ˡ
ҶˣΪ˱нߣ
Ȼȴħ컯˵Χִ񽫵ĿӺ
λѣΪ˱нΪҵȵĮӶڷѩ֮Уպ˭Ϊ˱н
ҴֻħֵķѩɪɪнΪˣҴԶӣ
ˣ
λк𣿡
ֹһڶþĵģ׼˵ʲôȴֹԣһҲ޷ֻܽ촽֡
ƵĿһȨɨ֮󣬻תŴȥ
޷Ϊ˱нߵڷѩ֮УԳһҪȥӪȡ
λУ볤һԸΪ˱нߵڷѩ֮У볤һͬǰ
˵ֹ̤꣬´ĵţ´ڣȴɧ


2847 
ֹһ䡮ʹΪ˱нߵڷѩС´ڵһȨ𶯡
ʹΪ˱нߵڷѩУ˵ĺãұ֮ЦһȨİʹת泤ֹȥ
ʹΪ˱нߵڷѩУұӦ֮ߴȨٲһЦ
Ϊ˱нߣҵȱӻĻЦһݺݵĵһ۴׼裬泤ֹǰȥ
ҵȵʹΪ˱н߲ս󣬴̤
൱֮Ȩ
֮
֮
̶һ֮ڣ´ڽȨȻ׷׸泤ֹȥ
ʣµȨǶ׼һȨĿǰڼУвˣͷȴ˽ս
ͻȻ䣬ԭھŴȨ˳λΪεڰ˴Ȩ̫ʷɣλԭǶһϵȨͻȻŶ蹪һ
׼üͷ͵ؿһ¡
׼Ϊ˱нڷѩ֮У޷ӣ¡Ŵ׼蹪һ̫ʷɾʹŵ⣬׷˳ֹĶ顣
͵һ鴤˸ųֹ뿪νȴԼ˸ųֹ뿪ҪЩҪˡ
̫ʷȱȥˣ˵ܸܲϣܸˣҲ޷컯оҶ棬пܴԼ迪Ȱ衣
׷ųֶȥĵڰ˴Ȩ̫ʷȴͷҲأֻһҲ޺
Ȼ
ڴ׼ȻޱȵĿУȻλµϵ׷ŵڰ˴Ȩ̫ʷǰȥ׷ֹ
׼£
׼ǳ鴤ţų뿪ȨѾռ߲Ľˣһǳõźţ׼ƿѾ͡
ҽչ׼Ҳֱµ
ֻǣҲΰ
ȿɻҪߣ׼˵ˡ
ԵڶȨȨͼųΪ׵һɶˣ׷ҡͷû뿪׼Զ
ȥ˸ţҪʲôһз֣ϻر
ǡ
Ȼ˵ֹ˽ɵȨ׼Ҫ
ǣЩʲôȴֱע
Щ޴ȥľݸħ컯ƴϹȥûоȵҶ棬ֻҪ컯ˣ׼Ͳӡ
ԭҲܼ򵥣ǳЩħ컯ս䡣
һܳܡ
̫࣬ԪˣĳЩджϵĿܡ
𵴺;޴ʧ֮£Ǵܳûڲ׼λϡ
ԣ˿Ȼ㲻ԸΪ˼ȴ׼֮λ軹ȥţһֻ취ƨɡ
׼뷨һЩ֮£ųֹȥȨǡǣΪǳֹ׼ԸľӪҶ档
Ȼ˵ľڵغԶطǲϧһдۣǿڶʱڸϵľݵġ
ֻǣҪȥľӪҶ棬Щ컯ˡ컯ʵϵĲ࣬һ޴ĺ蹵
¸ų뿪ЩȨ˽ܣߵı࣬ģҲǿ컯࿹⣬һСģпܵ䡣
˵ųֳЩȨ͵ǣǱŸ֮ģųֹġ
ųֹ뿪´ûãһȨǾȻֹ֣ȻǴȥ̳
̳ʩչĵص㣬һĴʩչط֮£Խһ˵̵ʱ͵ľݸ
ûȥ̳ȥɽ
ֻǳֹʱٶȼ죬Ҳֻܸϡ
ĺɽƼļ˾ǱչǱ޵ĵط
Сؼ˾ȨǣпչǱޡ
һʱ䣬Щ㲻ֹҪʲô
ͬģһֱעųֶĴ׼裬Ҳ㲻׳Ҫʲô
ֱһ˸󷨹⻪ıչؾǰӯӯһ񣬡õ֣ȨİߴȨٲڰ˴Ȩ̫ʷɡھŴȨԼĻսǰ̫ȨأҪ񣡡
ܵȨʹ׼ж֮󣬾Ϊ̫Ȩ
̫ȨȨͬ͸вͬ
ԭ׼Ĵ׼֮λǱʼ¡۵ģҲǴ׼Ƽѡ԰Ϊ̫֮󣬻ھͳȨ̫ϡ
һڣڳȨǣʱԭ׼ࡣ
ֻһɵǣȴһɻ
ֵ˹ؼʱֹ̣ѾȨƵԭ׼࣬ⲻ˷ʱ
ǣǰλȨĿͻȻͶ˼־ϲֹľٶͻȻͼڵһͳ
ͬʱ´ڣȥһ£ʹ˴׼
ȨûзӦɫȴǴ䡣
ã
죬
ʹµһȨֱɽ
Ǹϵʱԭ׼Ȼ
ԭ׼Щһֱڱչؿޣ£в档
һγִôȨǰ϶д·ԭ׼ڵһʱֹ˱չأ
ԭ׼ڹǼġ
˵һӵҲĸ
ԭ׼һ֣ȨİߴȨٲ¶˼֮ɫ
δƷȨİͺؾϲֵ׼Ϊ컯ϢѾ̤컯ˣ
ԣ˰֣ϷѾʲô׼ˣ⼸Ϸжδ׼û๫Ǳ֮£ΪǽͻƣĿǰȻ̤컯żֻҪͻƵ컯Ҫʱ䡣
仰ȴûжǫ顣
ڣܹΪ׼ˣ˷֮⣬˵ʣҲǼҪġ
ЩΪڵ۷壬ԭǱ׼һְˡ
һô˵һȨæϲ˿ȴûȤǵĹء
׼ˣȻ£ֿ϶ôȨء
ǿ϶Ƿ˼ش顣
֣ʲôˣ˵
̫ϣġΪ˽Լʱ䣬ֱӵݸ˰һ򣬽йҶ滹ڲ飬ȫϸļ¼ڡ
룬ߵݵİ࣬ɫرࡣ
ˣ
ˣ
ҶΪһܼȣѵҪħ컯ɱҪʥ𣿡
ԭ׼ŭɶߣϷȥ
ˣȴǼˣæס̫ϣҶǱߴ˿Σ㣬̫϶ʥ


2848 Ȼ
ڵһܡ
֪ķΧڽδ׼Ȩ
ÿһλĴ׼ʱ񡢻Ͽ֮󣬾ͿԻһ
ʱʵ壬ΪȨ׼ȫС
ǵ׼жʱ񣬶ջ
ⲢĹ©ڲĴͳֻŴһұơ
ΪεĴ׼һʹһδ׼ȨΣǿŤתġ
ͳ֪˲٣ڴ֮ǰǧ꣬ٳ⣬Ҳܼжε׼˶ͳ
ʱֹԭ׼࣬ΪҲпܰҶķ
ֻҪҲġ
ҪȻһжεĴ׼ʹһδ׼Ȩˣ
жεĴ׼ҪֻһٻȨֺ֧ͱ飬ܳʾʹһδ׼Ȩ
ʱ˿ѾˣųֹģȻλȨˣԳֲд˵
һѣ̾Ͱŭ𣬴ʱ˿̣Ҫ
λԸϷǰɽһС࿴˿İٲ̫ʷɡλȨλȻȻӦ
һ˴ȨݵȨȣ˰ٸɽ
˵ɽʵָĵط
طռؼΪǴĵһҪأҲǵһء
ضļʱ֮⣬ڣ˴׼ֻλϵȨܽ
һٶȼ죬ڰĴ£ٵĵִɽ
ɽɽƲ棬󷽣ռعһ㣬ʵֻһСɽ
ȴɭϣǰŽе֮⣬һŽǰһλʥ
ô˸Ϲλػʥ΢컯ϢѹɢշǼʱ䣬Ϊôɽ
ಢûش𣬶Ǿֱǰеƣڴˣ
ͬʱڰȨͬʱǰȨȡ
Σλػʥɫһ䡣

жûжù˰ɣ
üǧеİɡ
ֻҪ˶ʹڷ˲õĴ¡
һˣػʥæÿ
ȴǴһɽǰһ޴ļ̳յ
ʮϢ֮ڣʮѪ
Ŵ׼һ£ԭһ˵УͻȻܼĻӦ
ͬʱǧ׵ĺ¼˾ɽͨڳ֣пʼϷһӳָޡ
Űطɽ׼Щ¼˾еļʼٵն¡
Ŀȴֿˣִ֮䣬ʮ׼뻽컯񽫼ʥ»ȱ򡣡
ҵһ㾫Ѫ͹ˡֱֹ˵˵
ã
һɲǣһżī̹⻪ľѪӳָֹɳ˴
һŮˣҵҲҪ̫һ֮£ȨİƳһ㾫Ѫɽ׼С
ǰö˵ٲ̫ʷɡ顢ˣ׷ͶһԼľѪ
Щ˵ľѪͬЩնɱ׼޵ľѪȴֲһ̺Լ侪ˡ
Ͷɲǣɽ׼͸˳Ĺ⻪
⻪Уȴǻߵɽ׼ǰô׼еĶطʼɽ׼ͨضĳ˯ʥ
Ҳǹؼ֮
Ҫûι׼ܹɽ׼Ҳ޷ɽ׼ͨġ
Ҳڴʱһ˴ҴҸϵɽ
֪ȥҰʱ򣬶Ԥϵ˲һ·׷û뵽Ȼ׼
ϵ⣬ŰĶĿѡ
׼úõģô׼ںη
࣬ʲôס֣ŭ
ŭĿɨһɽػʥûзƢ
ΪҲõĹأ˭Ҳס
Ŀǰ£ܹסģֻδ׼衣
Զŭ𣬰ȴδţר־Ĺͨ׼
輱ˣðɹʥ˵Ӱ죬ڣҲ׼ٴα
ԣֹࡣ
Ŀǰ£ֹķҲܼ򵥡
ȻȻɽ׼󣬵ǣطͨ󷨣ʥôδ׼ͬطͨɽ󣬲ʥ
Եһʱ䣬ͼߵɽ׼ǰô׼طͨɽ׼ࡣ
ߵɽ׼ǰͼͨͬʱͻȻתһԲ˶衣
һһģöͷЩ𣬵û
ף๵ͨɽ׼ѾϣǻʥҲҪһʱ䣬ü
˵Ϸʲô
ֱͦͦӭ˶裬ͷЩ顣
㵽ɡ
Ȼ㣡
ЦУߵǰİѾԲ˰ƣݺݵȵ˶ϡ
ž
ƵİУסˣҲɵˣ
İ꣬Űŭ
ϷⱲӣ


2849 ʥĪ
豻һƸˡ
Ǵˡ
ֹ֪İ϶ľ˷ǳĲ
Ƿŭ
һ㣬Ԥ뵽ˡ
Ƕѹû뵽ᵱ˦ƣ
ֿܶܣĭϣ˵ѹû뵽ֱк
Ҫ֪Ĵ׼ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣҲǰĺߣŵ档
֮ͥ£Ȼкǲڴ
ԣڰ˦һǰʱ򣬶ֱˣѹûӦ
ǰ벽컯Ǻε֮졣
ң࿴Ŷŭ֮£ԽԽֱǺɸְ
úõôͳ˻ʵ۵ļū
Ǹŭ
԰ϵкȴԽԽݣԽԽ졣
Ȼᣬڰ࿴Ǻɸ֣ŭ
ǣ˿Ͳһˡ
ԭ׼ֽѵδ׼ޱȵľ
ƫƫδ׼費ҷǲǴ˵ʲô
Χ˸ʱδ׼ڷӦ˹
࣬Ҷ֣
ľ㣡
㣡
ʱڰĶ裬ʱͿʼٱȥԿ˵׼ɾͶˡ
ڵʥɽ
ǽƶͨġ
ǰᶫ裬Ҳ
ֻΪ벽컯Ҳ侪ˡ
ԶʱҲֻܶ
亱ģڵĽɽڣһⲫս
һȨĿ֮¡
ⲫ֮˵ݣӵ⣬ǰδ׼
£ڳȨǣĿɿڴ
ɽػʥҲȻ
ɽǰδ׻ⲫⲻǵһμ
λػʥǰ׼ֿˡ
ͷŭİֱһŭ𣬡

ı׵ĶŭһسأҪǾôⳡⲫԿԴˣҲǶˡ
飡
˵ⲫȭȭ⡣
Ҳ˷ſⲫĵڣɽ׼Ĺ⻪ȻȥɽϿգͻȻʮһ⻪
ÿһ⻪ɢޱǿϢ
ʥ
ɽ˯ʥ໽ʮһλͷλϢޱȡ
ֹ۾ؾˣʥ컯񽫼ʥ
컯񽫼ʥ
ʥǱѣڣһַ׺ĹأЩѵʥǣҪܵ¡غ͸߹ӭӵġ
ĹأʥѣҪ׼ӭ˴׼⣬Ȩһɵ԰֮
Ȩ͵ʵ۶ڶԻѵʥȴҪ԰֮񣬿ɼǹ֮ߡ
ڣЩ֮ǰط˯ʥѳˣȴûӦĸ߹ӭӡ
෴ģЩʥѳֵĵһ˲䣬һⲫս
һλ׼Σ
ֱɺͳ
ʷУδţ
ԣͷʥˡ
һλ컯۷ʥжôֲ
ڴ֮ǰȨڣֹ֪һλ컯۷ʥжôֲ
ڣȴĿˡ
Ŷ꣬Ѿ𣿡
һߣʥͻȻָţȻһɽǰվͷ·Ťһˣ۾ͻȻͱģ·ռһ
סĶ࣬ͷ·һǵУôҲѲ
ͻö󾪣ͷ䣬ŷʥ֣ŷ˷
ɽϾǽأȱ컯񽫼ʥҲֻ̫ǽ˷ֿ
һλʥȴһľϲĪˣ
ڷʥһȻŰ⣬ϵң
λ컯񽫼ʥ˯һǰڵˣʶ˼١
ĪˣˣǧǰѹһΣ㴦񡣡
ʥĪüͷ΢壬ǰؼҵǸСӣСӣ
һȨԶǴ󺹣Ĵ׼࣬ȻΪСӣǰʥʵˣҲǵһص
ңྪϲ
ֹϵľϲȴûӰλʥĪ꣬кɱˡ
һδ׼һ̫ȨΪλǽͷһ˴һ𣿡ʥĪ꺧˵ɭȻĿֱָࡣ
Ȼ˲ܸһĴ𰸣϶о˵ĺ
νǵ㽻飿
Ĵڶԣǵ㽻Ӱ죬ѹڣ
ʥĪѯʣ׼һʱ֮仹ûһõ˵ǣ֮ǰҲûϵȻ컯۷ʥѡ
һĴڣڣ˵˯ǰĵλʵѹˡ
û˵ǣʱһ˵ȥ˵ǡ
ǣȴᡣ
̵ʱڵݳһ
ĪˣԼǰȫˣһ֪
֣ͷɽʥĪУ룬ڵݾͶʱȻʥĪɫʵرޱȵѿ
ʥĪȴƫƫ֮ˣһĨ㽫ее֣·ͶӰһǰ
ȿ˵ǲģʥĪʵ


2850 ʷϵһ˻
ڶȨǰͶӰ֣ʵ֮ǰֹݣ¼ֻʵûκθС
ˣεȨҸݣû˿٣ûκƫģȫʵ
ȨİֱԣֱӾ˸ųֹһȨ
ʥˣߴȨҲ
Ҳ
һ˿٣ǽȫ壡սһΪ֮Ŀ
ֹ࿴˱һۡ
սҶ沢ûжٽ飬ҶΪͻҪõսֻӡ¹սĴţս϶
ڣս󲻽ܹųֳ컯񽫼ʥ棬ȫı֤ʵ⡣
˵ѾΪҶˡ
ʥǰı֤ɲ˵ġ
ȻϤ˶֪ԸʹȻ
սɵս꣬ȫսսĽʿֻ߼˾Ĳս꣬սܴӰ죬֮ĵ
ݱ֤ʥĪ꣬ҲΪ֮ݡ
ݵʵԣϾûжɻˡ
ˣȫ
ˣ٣ȫ壡

һ֤දݣָжҲʥĪüᶨ
ʱɽǰֻ̬վڳֹһȨ͵Ȩ͵Ӫվһ࣬ʱȴûһ˳
أô˵
ʥĪĿ⿴˶Ȩǡ
Ϊ׵ĵڶȨȨͼųˣ˰죬˵һ
ʱǻΪĳЩҪſڿӡ
죬λ컯񽫼ʥǰɽǰ˭ҪǸſڿӣǾӽˮӡ
ֻǴ׼ڲ࣬Ǵ׼ĵϵҲԸ̨
ԣЩȨһţ˵һ
ûб̬Ҳһ̬ȣ
ܳΪʥ컯񽫼ʥĪҲǵ֮һĻʱˣŭȻ֡
δ׼˭ʥĪͻȻŶʵ
ýھĶ裬Ȼһϣ
ǰʥݻΪ㶼߾ôһʣʹǹ˼׼ݵġ
Ͼ׼档
ͬʱֻҪݼţԶҵλʥӦûҵ汲һ㱡ġ
شˣǶ裬δ׼
Ȼ綫ԣʥĪ΢΢ݣǶҵĺˣ
ʥĪôʣӸˣ˵ǰλ붫оأæĵͷ
ڶͷ֮࣬ʥĪ΢䲻ĳ֣ݺݵһƳ˶ϣֱӽ鷭ڵء
ҵˣѾ˵Сų𣿡
׼ȻսսҶȣֱǷ
ʲôʱ¹¶
ֻ¶ǰͺ
ҪǶҵ϶֪ǳһ˻᲻ᱻҲ֪Իһ١
Ѿ̲סˣ
ŭʥĪȥŶһͳ顣
鰡
컯񽫼ʥ¶ѾҪȫͻƵ컯˾ҲŲס
ͱĿѪ
龰ĵȨİˣѡ
˻һĴ׼Ӧñݳ飬ݺݵĽѵԡ
ǳֹȴǼˣᶫȻǾ˸Ҫ
ʥˣǱʮ𼱣ҪðűķգСһ䡣
ʥĪһ͵ؾ
ұʷϵһ˻Ķ£˵꣬ʥĪͳһ컯˾ʥֵߣȥˣ˳ڵʵȡʲô̶ȣ
һ컯˾ʥȻӦŵ֮ʣʥĪһ֣ʮλ컯˾ʥΣԭʧ
״ֹһ
λ컯񽫾ʥĪȥԮҶ˱ȵĿܡ
æߵǰӯӯһ񣬡л̫
Ӧõģ
νĻ˻֣˵ʲôһѪĴ׼裬һΣǻɬ⡣

ʥĪȥӪҶ֮󣬰ࡢ֡İ뿪ɽ
ֻǱޱȣѪĴ׼޿һڵϣʱնʱԹޱȡ
ͼųˣҲ֮
׼豻ᣬ˵ǰĴԹޣǽ
ʥĪ˴׼裬Ͳһˡ
ʥĪĳ̶ֳϴЩһ־пܶҡλĴڡ
һʥĪӪȹпܾǶ̨֮ʱ
ңʥĪ϶̨ʥĪ־ǿӰʥĪֻ̬ҪʥĪ걩ŭԴ׼ޱӰ졣
ڵȨӰ͵㡣
˵ʱ򣬶׼ͽʵ
ʱĶҲΪһ㣬һ޿ӡ
ôҲû뵽Ĵ׼ȻķʽлĻ̨
һΪʥĪǾ䡮ʷϵһ˻ĳϡ
ŶҲΪ裡
ĳ裡
һҫǧȫŬڸ˵ļҫ˫Ŀ޿Ķ裬ͻȻһһĺС
У
ԲУ


2851 컯񽫵ʵ
ľս
ƫܣִſסʥӥ컯ԭգħ컯񽫽ͻȻû˶֣ЦҶҪնɱҶ档
컯񽫷ǳǿģ컯񽫵Ҳž޴Ĳġ
ʱ˹ħ컯񽫽Ҷ濴սǿ󣬸óӲӲ;޴󣬵ٶȷȴһ㡣
ҲΪԭ򣬼ֻǽ˹Ҷ沢̫ġ
ִסתħ컯ҹԸҶ棬ǾҶجˡ
ڴʱ˿̣Ҷ滹
ţΪִ񽫣ȴȻƫܣ㻹ܸ޳һ𣿡
ԭմսȴһȻִֻ۾ƫˣ
ĪִϹˣôħ컯
¶һʹļ׵ģԤϲ㣬ޣԮڸ·ϡ
ҶȴֻЦ޳ܣ治Ǹǵġ
˭˵Ԯ㣿
һλִʮλִˣǧأ˲Ϣ
ǰҪҶ档
ҶҲû˵ƣҶɲı¶鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ
Ͼܹľͷֲһλ컯񽫵ɲࡣ
Ҷģѽ۵ͷ­ӿһȫʬ˹
ҶЦħӵԴѾһ˾ͰҪҪ
ŭ㡭г΢΢һɢſֲɷ֮ɭɫͺҶ档
Ҷ溧Ȼ
Щɭɫĺȫɷ
ɷܣҶѾʶޱȡ
ҶĿǰˮȫ߶֮µףҲӲס
ҵǣҶ׼
£һλ컯񽫽ȫλĹܡ
Ҷ潫羫ڣٶȳɱҲܡ
ΪĲ̫ˡ
ǣλ컯񽫡ʮλ컯սҶνڵ裬Ԥ˺֡
Сèʱ׼š
ԭﱻħ컯ҹ˿ռȴռ漫ǿʥӥԱˡ
ԣСè֮ͨء
ǽֵ˲Ϣ䣬СèʹҶԭʧܿһ
󣬳ԶҶ񹭹£Զ
ɫһȴһЦܣ󲽵ײȥ
ҶڽϣĽֻһɫӡ
ҶȻ
Ǽϵ䡣
Ҷ漴ӦӵϣǺɷѾɷĽԣʲôôûС
ٴҶ汼Ϯ
һΣҶӦԸӵĴݣһ̤ɫɢ
Ϊ컯񽫣ս侪ˣٶӦҶģֻҪʩչشٶֻ֮ܵҪһ̶ȵļͿԴڲ֮ء
ԣڵش£οʼóٻ£Ҷһ
ߵΣգӦò
һɲǣҶɫͱˡ
ˡ
Ҵף
αٻɲǣͳҶٺһЦξͻһʧ
ͬʱҶ޹ģӦĪΣա
ͬʱҶԼҲӦǿٱƽ
⻹Ҷһǿҵʾ
ҶСèô꣬˵ͨһһ֮䣬Ѿһ޷ݵĬ
СèҶͨҶӦΣɲǣСèҲҶиӦΣ
ҶԸСèͷֱͨʧԭء
СèҶʧռ䲨ûɢȥһɭɫĹ⻪Ҷ淽վ֮ر˲ϢҶ淽վ֮صķԲ׵ķΧڳ׸ǡ
ڶ
ԷҶվĵطΪģԲ֮ڵĿռݣɭɫĹ⻪󶴣·ɸһ
Ҷ溧Ȼ
컯񽫵ҶеĻҪǿ
ţǶһּĶݷ޼
Ǻݷݷ
˭˵ӴٶȲС
ϵݷλ컯񽫣ȫսû
Ҷ˵ķ֣ȱ¼ϣעʮԸ䣬Ҳ޷Խ̫˺
ڽһޱȵĽµĺۼһ㡣
һǽλħ컯񽫣ȷʵֲ
һ棬ҪҶʵ
ΪΪ֡
ֱ˿̣ҶźȻ֣һΣȻ͹˶֣
ڴʱ˿˱׷ɱľ
ʱСèҶ治ͣĴգܿ׷ɱ
ǣⷽҲ޷á
֮ǰҶѾ͹컯񽫵ʵһΣڣԲٷͬĴ
ٷ֮£Ҷ涪ʧģпܾ
κһλܹ컯񽫵ĴڣǾž֮Ź˵ʵ
ο컯ԪƾãŴѵʱͨط
˵Сèռͨط
ԣҶһʱ俪ʼá
ǣƽ֧Ԯҡ
Ҫûоܾ
һҶˣûκκô
Ȼ˵һŸһٵԸϣһܹ͸һٵԸˣĲࡣ
û˳˯֮ǰ֮ҲĻһٵԸ֮ǰÿһ¡
οҶȻɶ˵㣬ǳŵµ飬ȴɵĺʹ졣
һսľ޴ҶӦûв
ңԣǣһ½ҲǾ֮͡
ս֮ʱ֮ʱֻҪֳһ֧񣬾ܹĻѹ
ǣҲÿʱ
ϾսĿǸóٶȵħ컯ҹҹÿȥԸҶ棬ǶҶԣǵòʧһѡ
䣬͵ȫСӦ
ԣԽǣƣãֻԻһҶľ
ҶĿǰվԣԶԶ
ʵҶ滹ǲġ
ҵ䡣
ȻʱԶֻҪҶ˲Ϣ
ǣҶ˿ȴҶˡ
컯񽫼ֲ̫ˡ
Ҷҵ˲ս޷в컯񽫽񣬶һ֮Σ
ؼǣӻˮһǧš
ҵ˳ս˿»᲻ġ
ܶңΣȴһƽǣƣֻӻҶ汻նɱʱѡ
ԭӥˣʥӥˣһҲؼʱ̣Ҷٴαʥӥ塣
ԭӥˣѲսŵ棡
սԭգϸֳ֮ɫ
Ҷвֱǳã
߸ʥӥĵѪԱĿǰߣߣ
ִҲˣȻԭԮҶ档
ԭҲǺˣƴӲһƣӥһͼͻأĳħ컯񽫽һɢŴĿɫɫУƿ񱳲ĽףݺݵĹ˽ı


2852 
ʥӥУǺ鱦Ҳ鱦ȴӵкպɱ֮
ʥӥԱ͵ġԭӥСУҲ൱Ʒ鱦ɱ֮
ԭ컯֮УѾƷ鱦пƷ鱦ܲҵɱ֮
ʱһնڣԭաԭӥҶ棬Ϊϲ
һն˽Ҳýˡ
̶֨֨ӽڴԭյն֮󣬾Ȼ˼侪˵
â֮󣬾ȻҲ޷롣
ԭպȻ
ˣоȻڽڣ˿
ʱŭһһȻֱֱֻֻۣ۸ִһԭա
ԭպȻӲӣʧ
Ȼڽڣԭط߶лһâ˻ء
컯Ҳǰ׸ģţȴϸָݺݵĵһâϡ
ԭյ͵һ⻪ԶԭգΪɱܴҲһ
ԭնԣҲν
һսսǼҳ㷹ֻһܴǣƽ񣬾ЩѾˡ
һɲǣԭշŭţñɣҪ㶪ˡ
ԭԭǽǣƽ񣬼Ҷѹû뵽ʵͷӦҲǼǿ󣬷ǣһԭա
컯񽫶ԣһɲ㹻ܶˡ
ִžͻôһɲǵʱ䡣
ĿŵĹɱҶ£ִŻǲġ
ʧȥԭǯƵһ˲Ϣ䣬ĳ֣һʥӥ컯ˡ
ʥӥ컯ԭִˣӦԵЩѣѹҲû뵽ִžȻ᲻ݵسû͵Ϯ
ˡ
һˣλִ˵£ʱ֮ǡ
ԭմ󼱡
λִˣûгԭҪһ˼ԭսһˣֱԭӥ
ԭӥ˿Ρ
ħ컯ˣһնɱλʣµλУһλãˡ
֮ǰԭӥԵ۷Ϊסû˵ħ컯ˡ
λ˵ħ컯УһλɷˣƼأѾʧȥ˲ս
λ˵ħ컯ˣݵĻָ֮ȴһս֮
ȻҲ뵽սУһλ컯Χԭӥȴûκ⡣
һ߲Χԭӥͬ鴴սһץʱˣڷӸ
ԭӥѹ
Ϊ˼ѪԱİΣԭӥҲƴˣǲϧһд۲סħ컯ˣˣڲϵĻָС
ڣڳִˣֱȥϢԭӥĲסԭӥ
ͼҲǳԡħλ컯˿ڳȥΧҶ档
컯񽫽ʵλħ컯֮£Ϳڼ̵ʱڸɵҶ棡
λħ컯ǣ֮£ɢΧҶ棬ԭӥ󼱡
쵰ܣֳ
ȻԭӥƴҶһҲж
ԭӥΪʥӥϵԱƴء
ҲɼʥӥѪԱʥӥҪԡ
ûԭӥķŭ
սԭȴǿڣ񽫣ϷһΣҪȻʥӥ塭
ԭҲǿҪȡҶų
ȴȻһڻؾ˽ܣ
㣡
ԭŭ
޳ܣǰ֪ˣޱҪǲ򽻵ġ
û뵽Ϊ˼ѪԱȴܵ
ֱα޳ܵ˼㣡
ʱ׷ɱ£ħλ컯˵Χ£ҶĴȻΣյ˼¡
λħ컯֮£ٴζסҶսⷽռ䣬˲Ϣͨ޷ãֻܿСèٶ֧ͨ׾
λħ컯˲ֱƽҶĻܿռԽԽ١
Ҫˣٲˡ
ڻ뿪Ļᣡ
Ԫ鰢鱦ʮԪԪͬʱҶԺ
鱦ʮԪ챦飬Ҷ̣ҲҶԵΪһ컯ˡ컯񽫸µ̡
ؼʱ̣ԴҶӳ졣
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪҲܵġ
Ԫδڵʵͻ컯˵Ŀռǿܵģǽλ컯񽫲¿ռ޷ͻˡ
ҶҲӲˡ
Ҷ滹Ǽǵġ
Ͼ˾
ţ֮ͣҶˡ
ϺһҶһ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪʹҶƾʧ
ħ컯񽫽󾪡
ִȴ¶Ȼ顣
䣬ҲһɲǷ
ԪҶһ˲ƿħλ컯񽫲µĿռ֮󣬾ʹԶݣҶ롣
ǣҲڰԪҶɲǣǰռͻȻ˴Ŀĳƶɫ֯Ĺ⻪
пռ
ԪûκԥҶԸо鱦ʮԪ챦ڷĳȡڵԪ
ͼǿͻһռ
ǳƶɫ֯Ĺ⻪ȥһ㣬ȴޱȡ
Ԫ߶ȫͻ֮£ɱƶɫ֯Ĺ⻪ġ
ˣԪƶɫ֯⻪ķɣƶɫ֯⻪糱ˮһŰԪ
ƺռ䶼ŰԪѹ˹
ҶԺУ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪĿѾþȫɾ޷ͻһռ
֪ⲻ㡣ҶĬȻӵ
Ȼռһռħ컯˲µģڶռ˭µأ
ͬʱԭսִǸһ˿ĪЦݡ
鱨û
鱨УԼҶܲӵпռͨҶ汾˿ӵһĿռ鱦
ǿⲼµĿռ鱨ȷġ
Ҷ棬ȷʵӵһĿռ鱦
ҲڴʱһҶֱӴе߿Уһƽ֯С죬ڸ߿УɢŹ⻪
Ҷһ۾ϳ޷Ӷݵס
ʽ鱦졣Ԫ鰢𣬡ԭԪӦÿͻķģֻǰԪˣִ֣ܱ߶˼£Բ޷ͻƣ

Ҷ޺޵Ķִš
ŸӦҶĿ⣬һֵ̣֮ɫ
ҶģӲģϢ˶ʧҶ汻ƳϲֱҶ˹
ʱִٴЦޣǸΪ˽ΥһܣԱա
ǽͣƣǶҶ˵ҾǿӺ㣬ҺΣ
Ҷתֻöһ򲻵Ѳ붯õı֮
ҲڴʱִŵЦݣͻȻͽסˣ


2853 
ɢųƶɫ⻪죬׵ıѳƬ
ִɫԭ򡪡ռ鱦˲Ϣ١
˼ִüͷ¶ʹ֮ɫؿھҵһ£ǾѪ
Ѿ꣬ʱͻȻ䱻٣ԪȻܵ˾޴𵴺ͷɡ
컯񽫣Ҳ޷ַɡ
ŵһʱ佫鱦ٵķǿѹȥˮɢ˷
ǿ߲ˣҪҳ
ڵʽ鱦ǣȴԲ˭ƿġ
Ҷ˿Ҳ˹ؼʱ̣Ӷݲɣеħ컯񽫽׷ɱ˹һλû˵ħ컯Ҳɱ˹
ҶѾûжʱˣҶڵһʱ׼ıֶΡ
쿴챻ˣǵڶռӦûˡԪ鰢󼱺
ֻҪһʱ䣬ܹ´뿪鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ˵
ţ
Ҷüͷ͵һ壬죬г⡣
бʣ
սбʣǿĴڽˡ
ǣҶĲ
Ҷɴ뿪ȻڶռûˣôðԪ뿪ס
һʱ䣬ҶӦÿȡ
ڴʱ
һ˶İ͵ش̽ݺݵĸҶĽϡ
λħ컯񽫣Էͬ컯񽫶
һƸȥǱǯһһǴ֮ߵĽɫۼףİεĽѪģʹޱȡ
󣬽ȻΪʹҽ
һĻҶ溧Ȼ
컯ŸǺȻޱȣ
ʥĪĵط˳һУƬ;£ʥĪУ˫ֺһ꣬ռ鱦Ƭͳ׻ɻҽ
ҶЩʥĪΪʲôҪôִٴѪҶˡ
ҶϴĳЩ鱦ʽ鱦ֻҪ̫ǿԻָġ
٣ͺŪĶǷѾһ㣬ǵôɻңܳ׻ȥʥĪЦһͻȻһ¡
ǡСӣ
Сӡƺִ͵شһ£ƺʲôԸ׵¡
ʥĪ꣬ȴΪֶȷִŵĳƺӴСӸ֦ʵĲų˯˶꣬СӵһڣѾ컯ˡ
һ˵ʥĪͻȻͳҶķָᵯ
ɱҶĸħ컯񽫣ͻȻ׻˷Ÿͷ˳ȥѪ粻ֹ
ҶȻ漴ͷӦˡ
деˡ
Ĵеˡ
ôҶͲˡ
ӣҶĻҲˡ
͵رĿĹ⻪һǼϵ䣬ʥĪһָɵħ컯˺ȥ
ҶͨСèҲǳҶ׷ħ컯ˡ
ֻҪһ̶֮ڣ俰ưٷУ޿ɱܡ
֮ħ컯˱Ҷ浱䱬̺Ѫ־ĽͬʱҶĸ֪С
Ҷ󵨵ľٶҲʥĪע⣬ĿͿҶķ
룬Сӵʰҽ豾ɱˡôʥĪһ£ƺӦҶɱϢͻȻǿһ˿ɫ
ʥĪĿôһ֣ҶĺëըǰλʥϾʥҶģһ¾ûɶˡ
Ҷ氵ֹʱʥĪͻȻЦϲ
ϷϲʵСӣ
Ҳڴʱһ󲨶ʮʥˢˢĴг֣ԵʥĪһ񣬾͵Ⱥһԡ
ƣִӵĲĻ˻֣Լ˳սȦ
ʥӥԭռ״Ҳٲ
Σ컯ˣҲ׷սȦս
Դˣʥӥ֮ãȻֹͣս
Ψһսģֻħ컯ҹˡ
ҹֹͣսҶߵȴᣬһһѹ޷սȦֻܿս
ҲóٶȣҲħǿߣҪȻϬ֮£սˡ
˻˻ĳʹȱʧ˽׵һ󲿷֣ƤⷭѪ죬ڼϡ
ǼˣǱҵļͺʵĽףȴ޷ڶʱ
ʱ䶯Ѫ⣬ȥĿҲýʥĪĿ⣬ǿ־壡
һоܽҵԺĽףƾϴ˴Ĵڣܲ¡
Ҫ֪Ҳһλ컯񽫰
ʱ˻ڴսҹ֮⣬սס֣øָӵĿŸոհֵһʥ
ʥĪҲڴˣĿΪ׵һɨħ컯񽫽λ˵ħ컯ϡ
Ŀҹսϡ
˼ϢʥĪͻȻȻϢһɲǾͻȻƲдܳһƵһƤ̼ʹС
ִʹУʥĪĿҶϣҶϣͻȻʧ
ʥĪͿҶЦ


2854 Īָ
ʥĪЦҶЩĪҲźħʥӥͷԡ
ʥĪһָָ˽񣬺ħ컯񽫽˴ĿĽ⣬ȫ
󣬽ȴޱεķ֣ʥĪһָѹûκôһָ
ʥĪһһָˣָҶ档
Сӵȷʵʣħ塢ͺëӥλ컯񽫡ʮλ컯УһССĵëͷСӣ˵Ūǵʣ
˵ʥĪһ٣ڳ˶ۿʥĪ֪꣬ģҶҲЩ㷡
ǰλʥĪжǿҶ治֪
ǾĿǰԲͨ컯񽫡
һ֣ش˽˵ִű˰ȣԷǷ
ԣҶ滹ǵʵʵѵ
һɲǣʥĪٴδЦ
ʣϲܹŪȺɫܹɵħӣͺƫܹӺ£ܱס
ȷʵ
ûˣ
Ǹʷϵһ˻Ҫǿˡ
ʥĪ˵ĹƫܿӺҶһ£ִȻⶥñӣŽҪͣȴʥĪһ˻ȥ
ʷϵһ˻
˭˭ͱϵĳƺҶܺ档
˭ٻ٣
ڲĳ£ʥĪֻһ䣬ٲԡ
ĺúΪ岻ϧգֻƣܲ׹ɱУ
ĺúҪҪؽ
ڻĦһ£ʥĪ΢΢һ͡
Ϻöǲ٣ǣϵĺöȫǳ˯ǰµҪĶ
ʥڳ˯֮ǰὫԼӵеıȥֻҪĴһα֮á
ʱʥĪ֮£Ҷһ㽱ȴͻȻ֣У᲻ãһͳȥӰ쵽ʵ
ʥһѣֻһĿġսսս
ʥĪҲǻ֮ĿҶе֮ϣͻȻЦ
ҲԵϷһݼ񣬾Ϳܶˡ
˵꣬ʥĪͻȻͱɱޱȣǼħסú
ͻȻɼ֮ϣڳ˵˼άûиԾħôָһˣ
ǣһԵʮλʥȴС
һ飬λ˵ħ컯ˡ
ʵ⼸λ˵ħ컯ˣǲ֣Ҷʱ䣬ҶҲնɱ
ؼ
Щħ컯ˣȣԿ϶б
Ҷ浥ǹƥȥɱǣɱȴδɱǵĻᡣ
ʱʥ֣Ͳһˡ
λʥΧһλˣ˲Ϣͱġ
һĻʥӥĳԱǰֳƿ졣
֮ǰЩħ컯˶һǴĺˬ
أһɱӵġ
ĻᣬҶҪٰղסͲҶˡ
ʥĪ֪ҶɱܣҶһҲȡ
Ĵڣ֪񹭵ʽ
Ҷݱʱħ컯ҹŭսžˣȴӿֲȫӦԣһСģܾͻҪ
ħ컯񽫽ȥȣʱʥĪĿͻȻϡ
СϺϷҲò֣źʣ
˲Ϣ䣬׵Ľɫ䣬ĿɲǣһɫǷس֡
Ҳɱ֮֮ǰʥĪһƻɱη岻ѡ
ʱʥĪȷıʾҪʱ򣬽뵽˳ԥó˱ı

Ϻȳһ֣ǾͬеҹѾɫǷ
˲Ϣ䣬ɫǷͿʼ⡣
ʥĪЦһָ㡣
һָ㣬ȴռһʥĪǸ͹ƵָصɫǷ롣
ոտʼɫǷ˲Ϣͱһָ˷ĩʼ˲ʧ
ħ컯񽫽ĹͷİɣϷնɱ֮ӵãǾȻƳ˹Ƿֱ
ŨŨĲмУʥĪָٴλ΢΢һֱӳڽؿڡ
նɱģĪָпֹ֣֮ǰԸʥӥԭյİ˱֡
ÿһ۶һͺ鱦ʱݺݵʥĪһָ
׸˸˴ĿĽ⡣
һ׵ķ߶µΡ
һָ
һʥĪָȫ߶İ˼鱦ײһ
ָ֮ײһȴ˵Ľ֮
һ˲䣬ʥĪָİ˼鱦ײϰٴΡ
ָ֮ɢǽİֱ˼鱦УֱӱٵѪѡ
ȽһʥĪٴ𣬡ڶָ
Ǹ֮һָ˲ϢԽռ룬ڽǰ
ı󣬽İ˼鱦ֻʣһơ
ʩչĶֱͨӱʥĪһָƵۣʱһֱֻҲȥֻһá
Ѫ磡
ָ
·ħһָ˲ڽͷѾ⵽شĽŻӶһ鱦˲ϢƬ
ڽĲҽʥĪָͬһ谭Ĵ˽ͷޱȵĽУ


2855 
ۿʥĪǸֱָħ컯񽫽Уڳˣ޲Ȼ
컯Żʥӥ컯ԭգֻ컯ˣ׷Ȼ
컯񽫰
ǰλʥĪ꣬Ȼ˵ɱɱ
ɱɡ
⻹ҪҪ˻ˡ
ħ컯ҹһʱսʹߡ
ǣ䣬óٶȵħĿǣģѹĻᡣ
컯񽫽񷢳˲ʵĪָһŹģ
ǰķŭԾһͻȻ
ΪͻȻ䷢֣Īָûɱ
ʥĪŵָ΢΢УΧޱȵĽףķ¶ʺѪ⡣
ýĪ⡣
Ȼûɱ
Ҫʲô
ȽӦʥĪָӽ֫ӹ֫ϵĽױɵͬʱ֫ҲһָĴϡ
Ĵϣ
ʥĪָÿһΣһ˶Ѫڽ֫ϣɫĹͷӷ
ָ뿪󣬸صĵڽؿڣٴѪ磬Ϣή١
ŽʱǱޱȱģʥĪĵ˵ͷˣӦÿˡ
һӣһƾ˴Ľ
šԭյ˻֪ʥĪҪʲôǴĽȴʥĪָջصɲ͵ر𣬿һɭɫͻӰʥĪꡣ
ͻӰУɷϢŨ˼£
һǽеɷˣҲǽıͨ
׻ɷ
ݴһƸɷ컹Ǻ죬һͷ׻
Էӳɷǿͨ׻ɷ
˽ƴõɱУײ
ոɱ˵ħ컯ˣڸɱĴҶ棬ͻȻӦŨŨɷ͵سһ
ڽˣЩġ
ͬһʱ̣ʥĪԽˣϵһ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ҳһ˿֮ɫ
ٴλһָ
һָķǳ
׻ɷǰһĴ½Ŀռݾͱһ蹵¶˿ռ䱳硣
˹İ׻ɷһͷ˿ռݱ硣
ռݱƿʱ伫̣һɲǼ䣬˲غ£
Ǿƿ£һ˲䣬׻ɷͳ˽ȥ
ɫرɷޱȡ
ʥĪʱյ̫׼ˡ
һɲǣһɲǲ׻ɷռ䡣
Ϊ컯񽫣ıͨĿƣǼ侫׼ġ
ǾôһָýɷķˣûӰ
Уٴθֳ֮ɫ
ҶȻ
Ҷ汾ΪʥĪ׻ɷӲû뵽ȴȡɡ
һ棬Ҳ֤ʵɷǿ
ȽӦʥĪһĳͽҶķ
СӲһ͵ϷļˣʥĪ˵
Ҷϲ
ԭաִŵˣЩʥĪʲô˼
һҪ컯
ѵǸҶ͹ѫ
ǣҶڵΣȱѫ
ͳ׹ѫҲ䲻ʥĪݰ
ɻĵڣȴһĽ
˱Ҫ
ʱ֪ٴಫٴξһնɱǧλϰλ컯ˣ񹭵ɱ
컯˵Ϊɳµġ
նɱ컯ɱ꣬ͻƵ컯񽫺ܾ֮󣬲ģܴǡ
Ҷ˵ãΪܹնɱô컯ɱ꣬նɱһλ컯񽫣ֱ
Щˡ
Ҳһɲǣħ컯ҹ˲ϢͻһԶǧƻѾˡ
ǣʥĪ꾹Ȼûгֻ֣Ŀҹߡ
һɲǣʥĪ꿪ڣ˶ԭ
ȥħ񹬵֪ƻصģͱϷɱ䣡
ɱ䡯ĸУɱ硣
ԶݵҹһȴҴκλץһʱԶݣҪǵʱ䣬Ӳˡ
ףʥĪҹһΪ˴
ħ񹬸߲㴫
ͬʱҶе񹭾Ϳ£һĺ˵컯񽫽
ѪӿУ˲ʵŭƴֿҶ䡣
Ҷ𾪣½ʱˣҶ
˫ĿȻֱܹӴݻҶ䣬ҶЩż
Դˣʥǲֲֻ֣˿ռԷߡ
һټ䶼ûнҶ治òıԣ߶鱦׹ޣСлԪף񣬸Լս
һֱӺź󱬿ٴش˽
֮ҶעԸ䣬ֱӺ䱬˽Ԫ񹬣ħ컯񽫽񡪡䣡
̺űưѪٴδ콵䣬־ཱུ˴ĽֱעҶڡ
־Ľ֮ǰնɱ컯˵İٱϣҶĸоУطĸӦ˲Ϣǿ
ͬʱɰ絽Ҷе𶯵ɷ书ǣ£ڣеɱ˷ܵļ˻


2856 ҹս
ڵɱϢǣҶеѪһ
ÿһҶе񹭾ͻһ׳
һߴ֮ҶеϢȻƷ鱦Ʒ׿쭵Ʒ鱦Ʒס
ʱɱϢһĲûнĴΣɱ񹭵Ϣȶ
Ҷеľϲֱ޷ݡ
ҶĸӦУɱ컯񽫽֮ɱ񹭵֮ǰɱ컯˵ջȵĻٱٱ
֮ɱһ컯񽫽Ҷ񹭵ɱһ컯˵ٱ
ǿҶƷٴγһס
ܿ϶ǣ
ǿɱ֮ÿһƷףܵ
Ҷʱ֪Ʒױ֮˶١
Ŀ֮£Ҷֻʱ뷨¡
Ҷͽλ컯˶ʬսռ䡣
컯񽫵ʬ壬ħ컯񽫵ʬ壬Ǳ
һף֮󣬾ûкʵɺ鱦ܿ鱦
ңҶԣһǼܣջ
ǽλ컯񽫼ĹǼܣڶߡھǣЩ˵ʵʲô̶ȣ
Ҫƽʱһ컯񽫵ʬԿһƬȷѪꡣ
ʥĪڲ࣬һ˵ֻĿҶ潫컯񽫽񡢰ħնɱ컯ʬС
Ҷڴлʥչˡ
˺ôҶҲԼõݺôʥĪл
ʥĪ꿴ҶЦеĵͷǸӣļƷֶζʵ˵㣬Ҳҽⷬ컯
һжնɱ컯񽫵ҲͲϷˡ
ʥˣһŬģ
ãϷţϣϷлῴһ죡
һתʥĪϵЦݶʧתͷִš
ǱĿ⣬ֱִëĽ
Īʥִֻй񡭡
ִиĹִеĹ𣿡ʥĪ֮ʣͻȻЦȻִйôϷҲִһι񣡡
ɱһ
ʥĪ귭ļѸ٣Ҷ涼ΪʥĪִŴ̵ͬʱʥĪ꺷Ȼ֡
ȻͬʱʥĪԼҲִȫ֡
֮һָǰһִţǵɲǣͳؿҪ
Ŵ󺧣
ͬʱʮλʥĪ컯˾ʥҲʥĪһ£ʮλ컯˳֡
ս˲Ϣʼ
һ˲䣬žʹ߶Եĺ鱦ʥĪĿֲָͷ֮£׷顣
һִָһ۰ֱӱ㱬ִ񽫾ֵļ˻
Ī꣬ȫ濪ս𣿡
ŵвʥĪ˿ᣬȻ˵ڶָ
Ϸ֪һֱڿսʱͣս
ִŭҲǺ
Ȼȫ߶ֱͨʥĪĵڶָڵԵִŵȫһ鱦
ſٴѪ磬ȫ֮£ʥĪһִָŵһȱѪۡ
ٴˡ
޾Ŀ־֮ɫִг֡
ʱҲûκԥԶŭʦ־ң
ԴˣʥĪֻǿԶЦ
ͬһʱ̣ʥִ֮ĴսҲʹչ
Ҷ澪㵵ķ֣ʮλʥǣȻһɫѹִᡣ
Ǳᡣ
ÿһλʥռϷ磬мλռžԵϷ硣
һλλ컯УǾ֮ɫ
ξЩˡ
컯ʵҲȴһɫȫʥѹŴЩϳ
ҶʱȴûʱȥԭɣŴսˣ
񹭹£ͬʱָʾ֮£Ҳս
ս޹أҹսɣʥĪ
ҶȻתȻִħ֮ɱң޹أ
ʥĪ궢Ҷһۣһнڹ֮ڣ컯컯ĲԣϷ֣ҹĦ
ҶҲ˼֮˲ϢʥĪ˼
ʥĪڱ
ϲսУʥĪ겻ҶǣȻϲ㹫ԸҶĽڡ
ʥĪ˼컯ʥӦԣ컯֮£ģ
Ҷǿˡء֣
ҶˣĬĬʥĪ깰л
ʥĪԡҹս
ϸϸӦǰĴսκ˶ԣ޷ĺô
Ǵʱ˿̣Ҷոջ˴־˳˼λ컯컯񽫽֮ؽµ̺ϢѪ꣬Ҷĸ֪һǰδеĲΡ
ǶطĸӦǰǰϡ
ǹ
֮ǰԶۣôҲֻܿ¿ɡ
СһӾͱ˽ۣ㻹ûдﵽ˺ֵĳ̶ȣҲҶ濴ǰδе
״̬£Ĵ½طҶǰͻȻдֽϵһΪͿҶڶ೤ʱˡ
£ҶЩڻ۲õطͻȻһǰδеٶںš
ҲڴʱǧУͻ𣬡Īʥ飡


2857 
Īʥ飡
УһһֻһͳʥĪǰͻ籩һĽ⣬նʥĪꡣ
ЩִŲŻõĴϢ֮
ںطҶ棬ȴǱ⽣ˡ
⽣ɢϢִŻҪǿ
Ҫǣ⽣ޱȣȻסʥĪָ֮ʥĪ޷ִš
ǣڿ籩һ㽣еʥĪ귴Цͺһ򱰱ɣˣ
ʥĪá⽣ˣִţûκ
컯սٶȿ쵽˼㡣
ֵɲǣһλʤѩӣͶһҳˣⲻͣȴʥĪңңһҾĪּˡ
ʥĪ΢΢һ¶˼֮ɫǵḶ̌
ǡʤѩٴʥĪһ񣬡ǳս֮Ͼ˳˯һսԹۣҲһ㽣⣬ɾΪҵӣôʼнճɾ͡
ӳ˯δѣʥĪʵ
ʤѩȴһһ棬ͻȻޱȵĽâ
龰ʥĪȻٴηЦط˯꣬ȴʼǸˣȴʬһڳ˯ĳҪҲգ
Űʤѩ潣â²ʥĪǸζҪ𣿡
ϼһ£δ
ޣƾ㣿
֮ΪȻԽϣĪ˯꣬ΪҲδ
ʥĪ곤һһĲмѾԽ˰Ӿǲа
ʥĪٴʤѩӶͷ¶޿̣͵
ҲڴʱʥĪٴγˣСӽɶϷɱ֮
ִסĪһʣʤѩӽΰ£˼š
Ҳ½ɲǣʥĪٴһָһΣʥĪͻȻһ澵ӣֻһΣлĹ⻪ͱ˿ֲޱȵĿռ֮Уնס
ʥĪȫˡ
Ҷ濴ʥĪȫˡ
£ִʱͳ˴
ƿӺĿռ֮УȴûеסʥĪָظҪֱӱһһ߼Ĵ󶴣Ѫ磬ʤѩ¡
ƿȥأһλ컯񽫶ԣ
֮ⷭ£׷˷أͳʥĪҧгݵŭ
ĪҾǰ㾹Ȼ͵Ϯֱ
ޣ
ʥĪǸŨŨĲмİˣϷҲ뾴ӣĶǧ⿴ô£
һڿ˵ֲ㣬ֻܵסʥӥģסħ컯񽫣
ޣ
һα޳ܵĻɫϷǰƽ壿㶪ˣ
ʥĪһĭ磬ֱӽִ࣬Ҳ֡
ʥĪȴǳûչɱײˣ
Ȼ˵λִ׵ΪҪִǿ
ʥĪĹ֮£Ҳֻ֧ʮУٴˡ
еʥĪһָ֮£ٳɻң
һĹȫڽϣȻֹһǷŻٵ棬ȴǿһ鱦
֮ӦԵĸѡ
ʱִڻһָһʦ㣬ͼսš
ִһ𣬴սʥĪꡣ
ȻǣʥĪһӭսλ컯ˣ·磬ս¡
һָûϬ鱦Ƶײ֮£ƵƵˡ
еĿռϵľӹ⻪䣬ռ֮бƵִӰǱӦԡ
ʥӥ컯ԭգһĻȫǾ̾
Ҫִ֪ԣһλִףȴƵִ񽫣ǧǰպա
ȴʥĪ˴˵Χ֮£ɱʥĪѹŴ
ʥĪ굽жǿ
ʱ컯˾ʥʮλִ֮ĴսҲڳ
ʣ˼һִˣֱӱʥû˴ӡ
ţҶСӣϷҲ˺󳾣һݼ񣡡ʥһžͽִ˽ʣµԴҶ档
һţߵļ侫׼
ִ˵ԴߵҶ治ԶͷķѣܵشήҲԪͼ˳
Ҷ漸Ǻģһ䱬ִ˵Դ
Ȼ֮ǰʥĪҶҹսβͬʥ֮ͬǰʥĪľٶһҶֻǾˡ
еٴβһ£ɱͬʱ׳
ͬһɲǣ컯ɲǣư硢ʱҵ̱ѪƯ¡
Ҷԥȫ
ȻⲢ˵λִΪ࣬ɱ־нཱུѪꡣ
ִ˱ɱֻѪꡣ
ߵϿɣġ
һλִ˱նɱĻһ
ʥִ˿˿Ҳκιƽ
ڳֵλʥͬΧһ컯ˣ


2858 սսս
컯˾ʥնɱһִڳʼһʥΧһλִˡ
ۼЧӦٴγ֡
ʥΧλִˣʹһߡ
һ߼䣬ִ˴ȡ
ʥĪսִųĪҪȫ濪ս𣿡
ȫ濪ս
ʥĪȴһҲˣҪȫ濪սսսɣʥǳ˯ҲˣҲǸûˡ
ʥĪĻִŸף˲ʧִֻ׶־ͷһѶ
һںǧʮִͻȻͳս⣬Ҷһ
⻹Ҫȫ濪սĽࡣ
Ҷȴǵǰʤ
ʮλִ˼룬ʥǣ϶ᴦơ
Ҷж˾Ҫ׼ʱʥӥս
ʥӥĸսôܹƣܹռϷ硣
սƣȴǳҶϡ
֮ǰۼЧӦ֮£ʥȫΧ£ʮִ˸ϵ֮ǰһͽһִ˵״̬ӵҶǰ˼
̺شѪٴν¡
Ҷһ߸ɱ񹭵ǿһ߷Ѫ̺Ϣ
ʮλִˣͼսȦ
һսȦʥǸոƴƳûˡ
ҶѾʱ׼ʥӥսˡ
ΣȴٴγҶϡ
ʥǣϵǿ
һԶ֮£սҲǲ·磬ƺսȸղŸǿˡ
ʱʥǣս֮ǰʥӥ컯ǡ
һս·磡
ǣʥӥ컯ǿԭģǵ츳Ѫͨעʥӥÿһλ컯˵սҪǿͬ׵ߡ
ʥǣֻǺĴ½컯еͨһԱʮУżһǿ󣬵ܸôǿ
ȫѧ
Ҷɻȫ벻ף
˵ʥÿһǿֻҪʥ֮һӵһսʵôüɵ
ַӾͿԽ˰
ʵǣԽԽܸ߲ȴǴá
Ҷʵ벻ͨ
㿴ʥĪ꣬ͬΪ컯񽫵ΪһȴǴִ񽫲ˣˣ
ʵίʵĿǰ粻ϰ
ʵֻҪɳʥĪĴڣȥһˣֵˮˡ
ʵϣˮȴľˡ
Ҷȫ벻ͨ
ҲڴʱʥٴγҶϡ
֮ǰʮλʥնɱλϺߣһʮλִˡ
ֻǷֳ˰λʥÿһĲסʮλִˡ
λʵǿʥֱӭʮλִ˵УʵȱȽһλִˡ
ʮλ컯ʥΪǿ۾ͽһλִˣٴ͵Ҷǰ
ҶСӣϷûĪʥʵֻ͵СϺ׵ˣ
Ҷ漸Ǽһնɱһִˣɱٴ׳ͬʱˮ¥̨ȵ꣬˴콵ѪеϢ
лǰշݼСӺϲ
۷ЦϷ˯Ĵսĺӣֵˣ
缸㶼һȻҪɾͣͳ׳ɾһ£˾ȹ񫣬ˬһˬˣ
һ䣬ȴʮλ컯˾ʥǿۣλʥ˵ġ
⻰˵ĺλʥΪȴЩŹ֣׷׳۹֡
ǳ۹֮ǵϢһʵȻ½
ͬʱ۵Ϣȴǿʼ쭱ǡ
˲سȥѹԵѹһʥһλִˣȻӵҶǰ
Сӣţ
ЦʥٴΧһִˡ
ִһþֲ
ʥ۵ʵᾹȻе컯񽫵˼ִ˾Ȼû֮С
̶̰ӲȻȺشִˣ͵Ҷǰնɱ
ش컯˱̤ҶǰʱͻȻְգҶҶСӣΣ
˴ôҶæֵǰ񰮣Сʵǣٴζлǰ
лϷ򣬼סϷΪˣ
ұˣ
ǿһ㣬ҶͻȻһһֲõԤС
ܺãұˣ仰ϷϲסϷʥۣšս
ʥǣзŵģһ㣬Ҷ֪ģ
컯ʥַţ컯ʥַţ컯ʥַš
ţ͸ܹľλһޱȵĸ߹
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣʥţȴܹľλŻҪ߹
һ£ܵʥǲᱨŵġ
ͨ£ֻڼʽ¡صĳУܵʥǣŻᱨԼķš
Ҳսʥ۱Լķŵɲǣʮִ˿սʥǣ׷׳սʥ۹֣
ȻֻһɲǼ䣬ȴļΪ֣ء
սߺòͣ
սң
սһ

ͬһʱ̣սʥٴηЦͺ·˲
缸һˣ
ЦУսʥ۵忪ʼɢ


2859 
Ҷ澪ˣ
ôҲû뵽;׵ʥ۾Ȼͻأ䡣
ɢķʽģ
ҶļʶͻȻˣ
ЩѵʥӦĳطӳԸ
طļӳ£ǵսôȵ
ۣȴȼǵΪۡ
⡭
ҪȻսʥ۲绢һɱλִ֮ͻȻ䡣
ֲãһʥڴ˹ͷҪոսʥԭڸսʥС
ͻȻ䣬Ҷķżĺôóɽ
Ҷ汾ΪսʥӸִˣ˳Ϊ֮Ҷնɱ֮սҲֻǼ˵ôиͰˡ
ڿеɽţ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣɾҶ档
Ҷ룬ʥĪ꣬Ҳֿܡ
һ뵽ʥĪĴڣпܻǰͻȻɢҶһִ־
һλڴսʥƺҶͻȻӿͷĿ־塣
Ҫˣǵճ˯Ϊ˽յս
֮ǵʹսսս
ܹսԶУҵ񣡡
˵ʥϢٴο쭣֮ǰսʥһʵͻȻ䱩ǣȻһѹִ̬ˡ
֮ǰսʥѹһնɱִˣʣִѹɽ
սλ֮ͬʥڳλ£ִѹ
в£һûս⣬׷׿ʼԱΪ
ɭϣλִ񽫻սЩִˣھӡ
ǣλʥսʥһϢٴοʼѹ֮ЩִǣЩˡ
ЩԮЩˣȻܲķˣҪȣʼӶݡ
һӣִսͳˣλʥ󱬷֮£ǵİˡ
һһ˵ִ˱ߵҶǰ
֮ǰջնɱһλ컯ˣΪɱΪҶ棬ÿһޱȵ졣
ʱÿһȴޱȵĳء
ΪҶÿնɱһλ컯ˣ컯ɾ
ݳɾ̫ͣˣ
ʥĪѹ˳ŲסˣȥǾ㲻䣬ҲջֺܾԶָܻˡ
˶һۣϾ˾

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֮ǰλϢ󱬷ʥǴЦͺǣڲӣˣ
λʥӾ˵Ϣλʥ£ٶشնɱĲˡ
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ֻնɱ߸ͺϧδȫȴ˶ɱһ˷ٻᣬҫ֮ʣ
ЦţλʥȴǿҶ棬ϣϷܹɳ
סˣϷʥѦ磬ԨӰ
˵ʥѦ羹Ȼһ̳ƣʹֻһ룬Ϳʼɢ
缸ݺټ
˲Ϣ䣬ʥѦһʥһһ⣬ʣµİʥҲǷ׷ȻС
ΣҶԹ߿Īı׳Īĺۣ
γױɢ֮ǰʥѦҶңңһ֣ҶһҾףΪʥѦС
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ҪӣʥĪȴɱ
µִ˱ɱ֮׸ӵżΪʱλʥĿǡ
һİλʥΧĻ͸Сˡ
ԣŻףһɲǶƴˡ
ڴսһָ࣬͵Ĩн棬ѪĽ֮Убɷɱɱ
ѪԪȥ
رѪɫĽ⣬ɢ֮ǰĽɷһɢųǧѪɫ⣬ʥĪꡣ
һĪʥĪȴǲòˡ
ʥĪһˣִڻ˴Ϣֻ֮һʹԭʧʧɲǣźһˣ
ҪˣͻȻ䷢֣˵ʥĪѹǱȣ֮䣬ѡ
ѡնɱ
˳ȴתȫԸ
Ī֮ͣպ
ô㻹պ󣿡
ʥĪЦ
ִȴ͵ؾٳһöơ
һ֣ȴ¸ӵơ
ۿɼģִŽڵϰٵαԴѪԼɫԪйһעöƵУöͻȻɢֱϢϢ
Ҷ棬λʥʥĪڣɫǴ䡣
ǡ
ɲǣʥĪ͵طˣִҧöУɳһɢſֲϢ⣬ֱʥĪꡣ
ɢϢҶ̧ͷ÷ǳѣҲҶĽŵ˼㡣
ǿϢ컯컯
ӦִŵռֶΡ
ֲҶ̧ͷǳѵϢ˲Ϣʧ
ֲѹһʧûѹƵҶ͵̧ͷͿִһʵԶݡ
ɨķҶȴͷƤʼ顪ʥĪ겻ˡ


2860 
ִʱ̴߶ǿֲһ֮еҲϸɳɢ
һĻǸֳĪʹ࣬Ϊ˱ȴʵ̫ˡ
ʹ飡
Īָû꣡
ųշŭһ˲ϢԶȥ
һɲǣҶһֵĳ嶯ʥĪ֮ǰĽסˡ
˵ʵʥĪǿֲϢ֮ʧҶ㱻ŵˡ
ΪʥĪ걻һնɱˡ
Ҫˣֲ̫ˡ
ʵϣҶ̫ˡ
ŷŭ֤ʥĪû
Ϣ֮ǿֲһʧУʥĪβŴг֡
ǿֲһкһþ޷ֺϵĴ󶴣͵شһڣҪӣһȻ鱦עˣϷ֪
ҶȻʥĪ仰Ϣܴ󰡡
ִӦһʽ鱦пִ񽫲ܳС
УȴһĴעһؼʱ̿Ҳˣ
Ҷ޳ٴ˽⣬ԾԼԺŶԣһҪۡ
ʥĪԣͺûʲô˷緶
ʱλִԶݣսϣֻʣҶ桢ʥĪ꣬λʥԼʥӥˣԭΪ׵λ컯ˣ컯ԭգԼʥӥںĴ½ͳ˧ԭӥ
ѾҶͻʥڡ
˽ҶһǧԸȥģ䲻٣ʱеĻȥָء
ȻҲСžš
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һʧȥδ˥ʥĪꡢʥӥԭյ˶ԣ̫ջˡ
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ԭһսɨսҲúóһʱ䡣
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ʥӥˣ۲ЩսƷ߸ѪԱҶϣʱĸҸҶսƷ
սΨһһ컯񽫽ʬ壬ħʮλ컯ˡʮλִ˵ʬ壬ȫҶ档
Щִ˵ʬ壬ȫǱ
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ҶΪֵĲ߻ߣҲʥĪȻ˶ߣʥӥΪʲôҶ棿
֮ǰս֮ȴһԾҪ˵Ҷ֮ǰûɶϸ𣬻治ܡ
Դʱʥӥġ
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ԭԭӥɵܿͿˣʥĪǿʲôԲߣڵǿء
¶ҪܿʥĪ꣬ǲˡ
ԽΪʥӥںĵͳ˧ҲҶϵʥӥĳԱԭӥһҶԪ˧㿴ʥӥѾԼǰ
е컯ˣҼ涼ˣɼ⡣
ǿˣӦ÷˰ɣ
ˣ
ĪһʥעȻй°
ԭ˧ȷʵԼǰ鱨֪ʥӥĿǰںĴ½컯ȷʵȫϵˡ
ǣҵû˵ȫˣͻϷˣˣǲиһ̸еĿܡ
ԭӥɫһڣԤϵһ㣬Ҳǵĵġ
ǷŷֱħսԭˣȴǲȻŭǲһƴˣԭնˣڵã㻹Ҫһ̸Уβŭ
һʱ䣬ԭ˾ָҶŭָ
ЩŭָʥĪһսᡣ
Ҫ̸ͺú̸ҪЩ˯ϼһǣҲԡ
˯ô꣬ȻЩ
ԭȻԭաԭӥ㶼ԡ
ĪָٲҪһ

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ԭŭȴԭֹٴʾԭӥ
ҶԪ˧ҵԶҶԪ˧Ҫ󣬲ϧȺħѪƴΪ˱ҶԪ˧ߵѪԱ
ǲ֪ҶԪ˧ôܷųʥӥĵѪԱ
һ˻ûзӦʥĪһʥǣ׷׵ɴ۾Ҷ棬ʥĪһľ㵡
Сӷ²ʥӥĵѪԱ
Ҷĵ˵ͷ
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Ҷٴε˵ͷʥĪȻ֮࣬ȴĥȭƣһԾԾԵģʱʥӥĳԱǣʥĪһȫ˴
Ȼ׷飬ʥĪҲܸɵ̫ԣֻǳҶĴָٺЦСӹݰʥӥĵѪԱҪȫŪˣʥӥδǧõҪٲ㣬ŪĶѪĿܶеġ
Ҫúõĺúõĸ̸ʥĪζŨ
⻰ʥӥһ컯˶УһȴԽĳࡣ
ʥӥôһ㣬ͨѪȱֶ£Ȼеĸֶ֪ʥӥĵѪԱֵǮȴ˷ɻʥӥĳԱ֡
졣
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һѪԱʧʥӥ廹ǿԳܵġ
£˵ܾȳ˵ٴʥӥѪԭߡ
ǣһԱһ˷²ʥӥĳԱ£ǰѹûз
ʱԭաԭԭӥѾһ£һȾȻѪԱҪϸѯʱ²Ĺ̡
ҶǲʲôԸʥӥԱط
ҪУǾֲ̫ˡ
ʵҲֻʥӥ嵹ùʥӥٶȺͿռͨ
ǿռͨţ֮ѶҲǼ
ʥӥΪѪԭռͨȴǳԷˮһҲͳɾʥӥʵ
ƫƫҶ鱦ʮԪ챦飬еش䣬һڿʥӥ壬һԷ²ʥӥ˵ս
ʥӥ˴ʱѵ龰
λʵҶʥӥٶ⡣ҶһЦԭաԭԭӥһɡ
λֻҪһʥӥ飬ҾͿԷˡ
ԭӥȻΪԼˣʥӥ飿
ûǴСĿռ䱾Դʥӥ飡
ʥӥһŭ֣⻹ܽûʲô⣿
ֱǽж


2861 ʥӥЭ
ʥӥ顯ֱ֣ԭաԭԭӥɫࡣ
Ȳ˵ҶжôˣҶ֪ʥӥ顯֣ʥӥܵй¶
ʥӥ飬ʥӥغѪͨĹؼʥӥľء
ԭյڵһʱΪпǱҶܵԭӥԭӥйܵġ
ҪȻҶ֪Ⱦܵģ
һˣԭյ˵ԭӥ˵ĶС
Ҷ浱⼸λʥһ˵ʥӥʥӥܣǱסˡ
Ȼ˽֪Ǵȴ϶֪
ֻǴʱ˿̣ŭٻҲûá
޲ɱйߵĶУԭյ˻Ҷ̸
ʥĪԣλѪԱʧˣʥӥѪϾĿܡ
ҶԪ˧Ȼ֪ʥӥ飬ʵЩ⡣
ýҶԪ˧֪ԣʥӥСѪΪһ壬ǾҲܡԭӥܾ
ԣҶȴ̾һԭ˧ǺûⰡҪҼ˵𣿡
ԭաԭԭӥȻ֮ʱҶȴٴοڣԭ˧ʥӥʥӥ飬ʵģÿһ˵ʥӥ飬ǳԼڵʥӥá
ȻʥӥĳԷֳһԼʥӥ󱲣ôʥӥʥӥ飬ͬͿԷֳ𡭡
סڣ
Ҷ˵꣬ԭշŭ߳ŭݣһ˿̿֡
ʥӥܣҶ澹Ȼȫ֪ˣ
ڴ֮ǰǵѡһðղҪλѪ˵ҲҪնɱҶ汣סʥӥܡ
ʥĪڲ࣬ѾŸͲʲôˡ
ǵţʥĪ꣬ûǸ
ҶԪ˧ڼ̸֮ǰϷ֪֪ЩģԭֱӿˣѾܲˣ֪Ҷ˻֪ܡ

ҶԪ˧ܹʵ֪ǿԿǼ̸ܣǽ̸ֻܽԭվȻ
λѪԱҲˣ
ˣԭյıֵĸӼһ˫Уɱ硣
Ҷܣʵ̫ˣҵԴ
ԣҶȴЦȻôҾ׷һǴҵҪҲѪԱǣҵϢԴǡ
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Σԭպؿڵ̿׽ȥ߸²ã
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ҶȴٴЦԭ϶Լҵĺû𣿡
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еʵϸӦ䣬ôһ޳ܣӰ
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Ҷ濪ǿѡ
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˰Σɫѿԭճ̾һ
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ʥĪʲôˣȻһԾŶ
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ԭһ͵Īʥ뽲
ʮ֮ڣʥӥĲҶ汨ʥĪ˵
⡭
ԭյɫѿ
ʥӥгرʮı磬ʥӥ屣˵ֶ֮һ
ʥĪȴҪʵԭЩԾϡ
ǣʥĪ̬ҲԣӦΪһʥΪʥӥ屣ܵĽ
ǲӦôʥĪҲ϶ʥӥ屣ܡ
ʥӥпռ챦ʥӥ飬ǿԷѿģϢһȥ
ôʥӥĳԱĴͻøΣա
߷֮£ܾͻա
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ԭջԥʥĪͻȻٺһЦʵһѡǾǸսһɱǣǣ
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ʥĪһ֣һûյУһպȻ쳣
ٶԭɫٴѿ˼֡
û뵽ʥĪΪҶ棬Ȼ˹
λʥѦЦսľٶѾԭ˼̵Ӱ졣
ʥǲǣ
գԭȻ̾һЭ


2862 ͻ
ԭյЭǼѵġ
ҲЩۡ
ΪҶֹЩ
Ҷ滹һҪʥӥĴʹֹͣľݣ˳Ĵ½
ֻʥĪ꣬ԭնҶɵ뷨֮һЦ
ʥӥֺĴ½ⲻܹıġ
ʥӥ֣ȻʥӥΪȴŸʥӥսİǧϵԼӹĳԱ档
ɲԭ˾ܹġ
գҶֻա
֮Ҷõԭաԭԭӥ˷ѳʥӥ顣
Ҷ澪ϲǣ컯ԭڷֳʥӥ飬ԭӥֳʥӥϢʮҡ
ԭڷָʥӥϢȴԭʮǶʮ
֮ԭһ˷ֳʥӥ飬൱Ҷһǧԭӥڷָʥӥ顣
˵ԭλ컯ڷֳʥӥ顣
õЩʥӥʱҶָЩ
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֮ǰðգȫֵˣ
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Ҷϲ
ԭյ˴űҶǿзָʥӥԭӥԭӥʱǿҶĿ⣬һֱ˶ɡ
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ڴʥӥ飬Ȼ²λѪԱڵʥӥ飬Ҳ˾ųϣֱ
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Ŀ˳ﵽҶһʥĪл
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ֵһ˵ǣٿ޼˾Žٽ̣ǵʺԣҪӽ۷ͻƵǺѵġ
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ҲҶΪ콵ѪΪ쭵ͬʱĴ׼裬ȴڰƣ


2863 ˾֮ŭ
ضҵĶۡڡ
ԺһػľڣĴ׼ڵϣָͨӡĿ
ȻλĴ׼ְˣֱ˳˰ơ
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Ψһ˿ԣ˾Ƕִڵڡ˾
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ɴ˿ɼĶ˾ԶӰж
ΪֹһԵĻǵ궫˾µϵӣһֹȣõĻǶ˾ķȡ
Ҫǣ˾ΪߣĹá
컯˾ʥеĲͬԪǧ꣬ꡣ
ЩʥΪһٴͻƣΪ컯񽫼ʥԪټӡ
Ԫ꣬ꡣ
Ԫʥ֮١
ΪʥսеĹУȥıԴ͸ⰵˣսܹúͲͻָɻӰǵԪ
˾ʥΪΪͻƵ컯񽫾ʥ
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˾ɲͨʥĴʥڵûг˯컯񽫼ʥһͳܹԼġ
˾ǲʡ
һܹͻеľԪȥ˯ζˡ

ԣ˾ûаĴͳȥɽ˯ȥѰͻƵĿֻᡣ
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һͻᱻüң
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˼ȥģǳһҲһλ컯񽫼ʥҲһãλʥһȫ֧
ܹȫ֧ģֻжҵˣ
ԣͶǿڼ֮ʲܶõơ
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ˣȻҪег÷ڴá
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һƣ˦ļݣ
ֱöִָӡһҲ˦˼ţöѪֱ
Ҳ֪дҲֱ磬ֻͷصڣʱΪʱȣλֻ֮ϵ
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ڵϵĶֱ˾˦һƣ˵Ĳ
ȻΪЩ©İȫûһ£Ƕܣʱ
һΣٴαϣֱӱŭĶ˾һ߷ɡ
㻹˾ǰһ
⡭챻ˣ˼һ£ٴϴǾڴҶһϣϡ
ϴûö˾ŭƽϢö˾ŭֱʡ
͵ת˾ֱ߬Ŷʺŭ㻹
˵һʮʧٵĵѪ󱲣
أȥˣ


2864 ϣľ
˾ŭţˮ罦
ɪɪ
ֱʱŷһĴ
ΪЩڶ˾ʲô

ȫûˣǲн
ŸųüĴ
׽ʵۣ
ֵΣʱ̣׽ʵҲ
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Ҫ˵׼ΣҲ׼Ѷϣûڵһʱ佫ҶѻԪ¡
ĴĹ£徹ȻʧȥһʮѪˣû䣡
ڶ˾ǽˡĴ
κһԣѪԱǼҪġ
Щ˶ʧһʮѪԱһʧ
ô˵ĵѪԱһմ׷һٶʱڣĵѪԱʧ˾ųɡ
ʧ޴󣬵Ƕ׷һʱ޹ͷˡ
Ƕ˾Ϊ
ҺȻ°߶һʮѪˣָ֮ȫնɱˣǶҵĵˣܣ
ֵˣҪ˾һҪڵһʱҳȻȫ
Ƕ׷޹֮󣬾Ȼˣ
ԣ跸
һǶԸڵĵѪ˱ûм׷鲢ҵˣ
Զ˾ŭ˦˶λ׼üƣһţö˰ʱ
ڶĵģ˾ȫϡ
Ĵ׼ĪĻ֪ͨҡ
˾ƮƮһ仰ʹ˰Ķ裬ȴĪġ
ǶԶ˾ţҲǶԵ궫˾սš

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һΪ˸۱ħɳһλ컯񽫣λ컯ˣǺݣȴȫû
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컯ĴУԽϣԽ١
컯ˣħжУ٣ӵ컯񽫵ȴǲ࣬ħĴ壬Ҳѡ
컯һӵĴڣħҲǷë۽һĴڡ
جģɫѿ֪ħʦϣ
ɱСӵĳ֪ħʦϣйԤ⣬óĽоա
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ħħħศɣҲ໥Լ˴ʧħ񹬲Сѹ
ʱ֪ħʦϣԵһ֪ʹʦǣ֪ħʦϣ𾴣ȴû˿ļ١
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Ͼһλ컯񽫣ħδĴ¡
֪ħʦϣȻ˵ϣٴתԶ˫ĿзĪ⡣
ã֪ħʦϣתһƣңϷ򿴲̫ࡣ
ϷΨһܹģѪ
޾Ѫ
һ֪ʦħʹ߻и峤Ϸ׷״󾪣֪ħʦϣָԽ
ܻѪ֣֮СĽ䱸ǿ׼򲻿ɴ⣡
õ֪ħʦϣѵʾһ֪ʦħʹԼ峤ϣڵһʱͽ֪ħʦϣľĴȥ
Ȼ֮ǰɱСӵ£֪ħʦϣһΣǰ֪ħʦϣԤд
֪ħʦϣһξ棬ħ壬ǳӣ㴫
֪ħʦϣľ汻㴫ͬʱħ߷ľǰ֪ħʦϣĴӰ֪ħʦ࣬Ŀ֪ħʦϣʦ
ʦˣӦûԤ⵽κɣͻʵ
ţ
ʦ˼ȻûԤ⵽ΪλҪ㾯أٴ׷ʡ
նʥһгر컯սʥػϷԲд˾档
ֻ֪Ԥ޷̤֪֮
סԣΪãܡڳܣ


2865 һݾϲ
ڣ
ľϿգҶͻƳ˰ʱΪϢȻ˵ڡ
Ϊ۷֮ͻƣҶһ޷ݵ֮С
ΪͻƵ֮ҶڵΪϢȴڲϵ
Ǹ֮ǰĴط˿Ϊܴ־Ľ֮ԭҪطͻȻͱúֱۡ
ԭɬطͻȻǱһҶ֮ǰڸڡҪʱȥطͻȻڻͨˡ
ԣҶΪͻƵ֮󣬵ΪϢûֹͣ
ΣһԻʥĪЩ⡣
ǰҶ棬ǲһ㡣
һĵͻһ֮ҪʮϰĻۣٴĿܡ
ҶոͻƣΪȻٴοʼ
ҶΪģľϵˮϵϵ
ľϵطΪСԭ
СҶľϵط棬ĳ̶ֳǹͨģСˣҶˣҶˣСˡ
ԣͻƵĵһ˲䣬ҶľϵڣľϵطٴӡľϵڣϵǿҶľϵ
ǰʱҶľϵΪͻ֮Ȼﵽ˶壬۷塣
˵ҶľϵһΪѾﵽͻƵĽˡ
ҶĿǰͬߴΪܷͻƵģǿǸǶ̰Ǹ
ҶĺˮҲԣˮԭصɵ̫žϢɲǰ̵ġ
ˮˮϵطУЩ̫žϢڣٵ̺һֶطӡٳɶ֮£Ҷˮϵط
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ֻҪطˣʱҶٴͻƣҲ˳µ顣
ΪĻۣʱռ֣ҶѹûĹ
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д˳ɹȫʥĪĳȫҶܲл
ʥĪͷ֮ʣĿȴ΢΢һϷӦУĵϢӣƺ
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һʥĪȻλʥҲȻޱȣȻߴֱλʥУȻ¶˿ϧ֮ɫ
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ʦЩӣѡ֮ȴΪûʦָ㣬ΪۻޱߣǼǰġҶ˵
ޱߡʥĪ˵ͷȴ̾һǶԵģ֪ѡ񣬻Ժĵ·ͨ߼ʮǼʮ
ֻҪĲһطȴҪࡣ
պҪͻƵ컯ֱʣµĻʥĪѾ˵ˡ
ʵЩϧͻĺ󱲣Ȼڹѡϳô©
ͻƵʱԼͻƵʱѾᵽˣȷʵһ㣬ðɡҶ˵
ʥĪ˵ʵ飬Ҷʽƺһ

ʥĪٴ̾һֹ֮ǻһ㰡
ʵԪжˣʥĪʵ
Ȼ˵ʥĪҶ󱲣Ҫǿ࣬ߵУǲ̫׼ġ
˿꣬ԪȴҲߴＸǧˣԲдʡ
⣬ҶЩ
Ҷ֪Լԭڡ
Ҷ飬ҶԻſںһ䣬ǧΣ
ʥĪʣҶŪ˵滰Լ͹ȥ
գҶ滹Ǵʵʵ
ĪʥӦʮġ
Īʶĵ˵ͷʮ꣬Ҳ㡭ʥĪ飬͵رþ֣ʮ꣬ûɣ
λʥҲһĲ˼飬Ҷ棬㶼Ϊˡ
ʮꣿ
ʮĵڣ
ôܣ
ʮĽڣпܵģڣԲܡ
οҶĸԼ·˾޿ӵļƷ
ôܲʮꡣ
ʮǧİŲɣ
ҶЩΣĪʥĿǰȷʵʮ꣬ȷأ֮ˣΪЩ
ҶĽͣʥĪ˫ۿʼŹ⡣
ڵļأ϶
֮Ҷȷʵޱȵᡣ
ʲôļҶΪͻͽ
ʥĪȴǳһλԪĵδ컯ľ޴壡
ããã
һ˵֣ʥĪһƸҶ棬ʲô˵飬ϵϷ򣡡
ӹƣҶһϲɻĪʥ
ȻҪأڡ
Īʥǣ
ԣʥĪϸһ˿ЦҲҲøҵǣһݾϲˣ


2866 һָ
ݣλں֮ģ羰ҵ٣Ǵݡ
ǣʱȴѾȫս֮С
ݳʧأ׵塣
޲FɲǴʧȥλ˧ܹڴʿǼ޴ġ
λһ
ͨʿĿУλڣܾڣܾͲ䣬żСܣҲǴʤǰĵѡ
Īľʿ޷ݵġ
ǣ޲FͨʿĿеģˣ
׵ĵˡ
ԣںݳ䣬ħʶ̫׷ȫ湥ݵʱؾʿ쳣ĵ䣬ܶʿ˵ս֮ģûнսĺ
Ҫ֪ħսôãݽڣݵ䱸ķǳ֡
˴ĵطӣ˴ľеǿѵһʱķߡ
ʱû޲Ӳָݵߣ޲ʱ˵ʱ˵ݵ䱸ĺãս߳⣬ߣٿԵֵħһ꣡
һʱ䣬㹻ˡ
ȻҲֻô˵˵ս߲ܳ⡣
ģȴˡ
֮ʿ쳣䣬󣬺ܹ鱨һݾĲϢ
Ǳڼ麦ģ
˭ڼ飬û֪
Щʿȴڼһ˵бۡ
Ȼ˵Щʿ⣬޲һ£ʵ̫ΣЩͨʿ⡣
ֻǣЩͨʿû̫ߵξ
йһɢϢΪһع
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ħʶ̫׷ͳʵħɱݣʿؾѹû̫ĵֿ
һؾѪ֮԰ھԵʵǰһѪ֮ûá
޲޵ؾħ춼ûеסħһֱݳǡ
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ҵǣħ֮£жѪռϷ磬ݣȴɳԮ
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ݣǻܱߣսĲеģʼټ룬ӵĸȫĵط
һ˫Ҫħвǳ˵Ρ
ǴܵϹŲݣЩĹ嶼Ų꣬طǸŲ϶ӣ˵ͨˡ
ݡܱߣǳױˣϼҴڵĲࡣ
ݳ£ħӪڣȴһƬ졣
´ʱħڽŲҵĹսħʶ̫׷գµλоܹܣԼȻڿ硣
ȻҲħʶ̫׷ԣɳȥռǵľ֮⣬ݳ£еħһʮ
һʮʱַȻѾŲ˶ˣħʶ̫׷վ˳ٿ˾磬ЩֻǳĲӣзݡ
ħԶڣҪָ߰ʿսʹͱز١
岻һ
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ϣһħ߼죬ⶥˡ
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ЩȫǱ°ŮӣǴܸݿ˼ҵĸŮ
֮̿£һ㣬һħ彫죬ȴǸ۾⡣
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ħŮӣǳ죬źܴζ
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սȻŰ׵õĻᡣ
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ٿĴһ࣬һµСʣСڣ֪ħʦϥ֮ȫӰ쵽
ֻǣ֮ǰյ˴֪ϣľ棬֪ħʦЩġ
дʦȡݣѲأϷ͵Ϯ
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нȥ
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֪ħʦɫ˲ؾŤã̫ӵ£
ͬʱ֪ħʦֱ˺ԺƤĴʣڴħʶ̫׷ǰ
ħʶ̫׷λо󲿹Ȼ֪ħʦħڲλݼߣЩͻأΪҲ˵ʲô
ǡ
ħʶ̫׷ոոշʣ֪ħʦһһǰħʶ̫׷յͬʱһ˸ĹǷͳУ˺ơ
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ǴӸ߿пһָͷͻȻе˶ʡ
ָȻָǵɲǣȴһСɽһ
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Ǹָѹ֮£ֱӱѪ
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׵ѹ
֪ħʦ۾رͨ죬ڿ޶ȻʵʻһĳɫǷС
ǣɫǷ߶Ǵ߶ˣǸָĿֲѹ֮£ɫǷ֪ħʦ߶ȱɻң

֪ħʦŭϢ졭ӣ
ڵħʶ̫ӣħλо󲿹ܣϰħ彫죬ȫˣ
񽫣
ָ컯
Ҳһ˲Ĺ˶ָͷĥɽһѹ֮Ѫ࣬Ԫɢ
ģΪβһӽкڶеħ彫졣
һǱ壬ȻԪ鱬
һ˲䣬ڣʣĸˡ
׷գ࣬λоܹܣ
λоܹܰħʶ̫׷մڣ˼ŷŭ;
ǵıط׷ײҪǮһӳȥͼ±
ǣеıǺ鱦һ˶ָͷ֮£ֵɲǣͱٳɻң


2867 ã

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ͷħʮ߷оܹӿսоܹţҲûκαֱӽеıرȫ˳
ǣǵıرǳսǰ֪ħʦϣմµıǷָǰȴ߶ĻᶼûУͱѹɻҡ
Уħʮ߷оܹӿսоţ˵Դ֮⣬
˶ָͻȻɵһԴδݳħоܹܵԴͻعΪؼԴ
ħʶ̫׷յֶʼˡ

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żֵģȴ֪ħʦ࣡
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ħʶ̫׷մĳ̶ֳ϶ԣħδ
ԥģ֪ħʦóΪ֪ħʦʱϣ֪ĻǷ
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ָ׸ǹǷͻȻͱĿĹ⻪Ī͵س𣬿סǸµָͷ
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ۿħʶ̫׷վҪߣͻһߣܵµʲô
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ħʶ̫׷ĵѣ
öָ׸ǹǷħֻлӲܻõıǷħ컯ǿߵĹͷ͵ģޱȣҲǿޱȡ
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ħʶ̫׷䣬ͻش͵ؼ١
ȴ֪ħʦཫ͵һƣһָķΧ֪ħʦ࣬ȴһָ㱬

ħʶ̫׷˻
֮ǰһָһ֪ħʦԴͳеĹ⻪Ҳ˲Ϣɢ
ô˻ᣬħʶ̫׷վӳһָķΧ̬ģħʶ̫׷վ͵һͻ˾ĪħС
ͬʱħʶ̫׷շŭħȣԶ̹䣬޲𸲸
УʥĪθ֣һ֣λоܹܣһλ֪ħʦԴʥĪС
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ĪΪħʶ̫׷ܹϷֵѣı£ʥĪʵ
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ʥĪĿ⿴·Ѿըһһħײ㣬ЩûнӴ
ħҴȻ˫޲⣬Щսصġ
粻֡ʥĪ˵
ԣҶüͷĹأħЩ̫ӣǿսңڣ˸Ҷ
ȫʥĪҡҡͷأֻʺϷߺϷƵĴڡ
󾳽ĴУ򲻵ѣò塣
ڣϷڱΪ֮Ϸĺݺݵıħ壬ȴħ̫ӡ
·ϷֻҪټӰͿնɱħʶ̫׷գϷȴܡ
ϷˣǾƻ˫߲Ĺأ
ôħͿɳͬ߸ǿĴڣԴܵĻӡ
Ҫ˫ֳʤûɱ⣬һҲһԡ
ҶţȴһĪƣΪ˱ܽʿѪȴã
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ĸܣǣؾ壬ϾҵһĴڣħĻҴܵĻǶģȴһµġ
ȻϷɱãȴɱã
ʥ㷽ң
Ϸ֣һЩػء
պսЩħ̫ӣлᣬɱɱԽԽã
ԣҶһ˵ͷˣ
Ҳֱʱħ巽ų׷Ӧλ컯˴ӵصֻԶϹ


2868 ͻƺ
ħȻɳ컯ΥսôѷĴ϶Ҳֵλ컯ˣĴڡ
ֻλ컯һֳٸӦһһָλоܹܡһλ֪ħʦϰλĵطϢһͱþޱȡ
񽫣
컯񽫵Ϣ
һǼǿ컯Ϣ
컯˵ĳ֣˵ħʶ̫׷ϣħ컯ˣȴħʶ̫׷ʧˡ
Ŵڸ߿еʥĪ꣬λ컯˱˵սǰҡ
һԶԶģʱ䱸ţʥĪһ¡
ħʶ̫׷ǼҲʮΡ
ʵĲͰء
һָ֮£µĴǱޱȡ
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ΪҪǣһٶ߼оܹˡ
ħڲĴǼֲġ
Ҳҿħʶ̫û
ҪȻħ˵ǹˣӦǳױڱؾ׷ɱˡ
һħʶ̫׷ѹͷķơ
ȥʣΪʲôΥؽֻɱҾ죡
ħ컯֮£ʥĪķ
⣬ʥĪ걾мڻش𣬵ݳͷİھľ񣬶ԴȴǼΪעһޱȵĿŸ߿ա
ǲܴʲôֻҪһֻҪһûзǵǾĴ
˯꣬ʥĪѾӦΣһҶ棬ȥӦԣӦñҸ
ҶҲƴǣȻֱƲ㣬ǰ𻰵ħ컯ǧ֮⡢վڱԸߴݳǵķԱݾԼҶͣ
޲FôģҲҪһҶֱӦ
һˣҶΪϢԣʱ·ҲǸ˷Ī
˳֣ʹŴܲûзݣԮҲԶˡ
ͬڳͷսأҲǳûʿ
ħʶ̫׷ȴֱüæ֮岢ûг컯
׷뼱еϴ鷳ҪȻ˿ֲʥͷһˣвǻˡ
ħʶ̫׷ҲϳҶ棬֮£æҶ棬ᣬ㱳ʥλ𻰣

ӭħʶ̫׷յģȴҶһŭ߳ʲôҲʥ棡
Ҫþϣ
ħʶ̫׷ǸƣֱֱѪ
˵ħʶ̫ӣӦȱʾݲԵȲſԡ
ȴû뵽ȱҶˡ
ǵŰħˣ涪е󰡡
ǣħħʶ̫ӡħʵļ̳ˣҪǵôħҶ̣Ǿ͸ˣ
д˵ġ
ǰҶλħ컯ˡ
λħ컯ˣʥĪ꣬ԲΪֻеڵҶ棡
ԣһҶŭħʶ̫׷գλħ컯ŭˣָҶŭ
ūȻҶһ̫ӵ³Բѷ
ССĵȻ˲񡭡

ħ컯ˣļ
ǿڸ߿еʥĪûиԤ˼ĸʵˣԻѾʼʺҶʮ˴ˡ
ǳԶҶΪֻеڣҲԶ컯񽫾ʥĪݣǳ֣޼ɵ
Ҷ濴ĭɵ컯ˣǸһ˿ЦҲй⻪һ񹭶ظ֡
ã񹭽֮Ҷ滹ûгԹأ
һ¡
Ҷ䣬컯ֱӳҶָһĲмͬʱ͵ſһеʥĪꡣ
Ѿֻ֣ҪҶ涯֣ͷܲɱҶ档
Ҷǹ£ˮһ֧˲Ϣ֡
ͳıУ֧䶸غħ컯ˡ
Ҳɲǣħ컯ˣͻȻӦһĪľ޴ΣգӦǰ֧ʸ̺ſֲϢ
Сģ
󷽵ħ컯ʾħ컯Ҫ֣ʥĪֻϢһţͽǺõĲҶ
һǧ׵ľ룬̫ˣ
ڳ񹭵Ҷԣָ컯˵һ
컯˻⣡
ݣ
ͱͬʱ𣬻һո͸ȻֹĲҽ
һɲǣڰħֵļУħ컯˵ʬе䡣
̺ϢѪ꣬Ҳƾճ֡
ԶУħʶ̫׷յɵۣ


2869 һ
ɱ
ɱһħ컯ˣսһ˫εĴһͻȻĶסݳ塢ħĺ
еһ˲ȫʧ
ǿһĻˣˡ
ħİҶĿ⣬˲ؾ͸һĪĿ־壬оԸԴವġ
컯˶ɱԴһԱü
ħʶ̫׷Ҳʧˡ
Ҷ棬𾪿
꣬ʲôʱҶôǿˣ
ɱ컯ˣȻ˵Ǳɱλħ컯ˣֻһλ컯˾ڵģ컯˾컯ˡ
磬ʲô
ͨǣЩ컯ˣ
ǣⲻħʶ̫׷𾪺͵ĵġ
ħʶ̫׷𾪺͵ĵģȴµı
Ҫ֪£ҪֱӺɱһλ컯˳ڵĴڣȴЩѪͳмǿĴڣֻͨ컯˾۷塢ֻ컯˲
ǣҶΪǵڶѣ
컯ڽֹսĽûзϳֻɶ
ʥôһ㣬ɶĽֻᱻս
ôҶֻеڡȴնɱ컯ʵļһͳΪսһı
һ˲䣬ħʶ̫׷ճ֮⣬뵽࣡
Ҳͬʱǰһͬλ컯еˣȻͬʱˡ
ҶȻûָǣȴͬʱˣ˭ҲҶİӡ
ͬʱħЩеѲֵĵʦĽ죬Ҳ׷ӣҶɵѡ
ھӵնɱ컯˵ΣʵҶ治ǵһ
硢
ӵžޱֵģ
ǣž޵ţӵնɱ컯˵սҲһȥսԽնɱ컯ˡ
Ҷˣֻվһһλ컯˾ˣ
ֱһƶĳԶ̾ɱ̨˭ܲ£
УʥĪҲ𾪡
֪ҶʵԶһͬߣģҶ˵սܹ˵컯˾Ͳˣ˶û
Ͼ컯˸֮䣬ʵ޴
ǣҶһ֣Ǻɱ
һɱ
ֱӽʥĪӸˡ
ʥĪνĴ˵ġ
ת˲䣬ʥĪΪҶеˣ֮࣬Ǻڣ
ˣȻҶʱӵԽնɱ컯˵ž޹йء
֮ǰΪӦž޹ɱϢĳȫ£Ҷž޹Ϣž޴ȵ
ڣʥĪֻǺڣ֮ǰȫȻǲ
֮ǰϧһдۣħǵħ컯ҹλ컯񽫣ȫҶΪ׳޹֮еɱꡣ
Ҷսܹǿʲô̶ȣ
ºɱһλ컯ˣѹò
һܹЩħ컯ľսˡ
ֻ֮ǰĴսУڶ෽ǣ
ڿˡ
ҪǺޱĳ֣˵ܹһɱ
ΪеĹأǳΥĽ˼ɺͿǡ
Ҷһȴûô࿼ǡ
Ҷ棬ȴնɱ컯˵ʵǼֱ
ֻǴʱҲûˣʥĪֻܰ̾Ϣһ
ʵԶԣս𾪵ĻҶԼ
ҶǰǱλ컯˵Ŀģ׳Ҳּݾʿ
ԣ֮ʱҶȻһͻ֮Ǽϡ
˴ĺɷΪһ
ֻҶû뵽Ȼһɱˣ
ҶԸҲû뵽
ʱ˿̣ҶҲǿˡ
һλõȷǳĴƷͻƵƷ鱦˵½նɱ˲컯ˣڵɱһ̶ȵ׳
һ
ҶΪͻƣۼʸʱȡĽϵϵҲ
ҶΪͻ֮£ϵһĽϵطҶĺɷҲ
Ҷɱ컯ˣˡ
Ϊѹû뵽ҶնɱҶƣ컯ҶĿԶû
Ҿ뼫
һǧף
Ҷԣ͸վҶǰҶüûʲô
ۺ֮£Ҷɱһ컯˵ս
Ҫǻһ컯ˣһΣҶֻش޷նɱ
ȻнսҶպ⾭Ӫ֮£նɱ컯˻пܵġ
ңնɱ컯ˣҶڵɱ꣬һαǿ񹭵ٴ
նɱһ컯ˣ񹭵ԡ
նɱĶˣȫͲһˡ
ֱʱҶҲǲòһ䣬ǽƫɱ¾֮
ߵΪûжôսȴޱǿ
ʱ˿̣ݳ񡢰ħע£Ҷֱӽħʮ߷оܹӿսоܹţ֪ħʦѪԴħʶ̫׷ա
߾ϣħʰ껣Ļ񣡡
ֻǵһ
Ҷ油һ䣬ʥĪĽ
סܲûǣԮѾ·ϣҶ仰ǳݳڵ˵ġ
䣬ʥĪһ䣬ʹҶʧݳͷʿıǵ
ħӪУħʶ̫׷ձ֪ħʦͷʹޣ


2870 Ϊ˳
ĪʥȥҶʥĪʹ뿪սЩɻ
ΣҶţֻҪʥĪ겻뿪²֣ħԣҲһĪ塣
ݾԣҲһּİ


Ҵһλһλɱħоܹܣһ֪ħʦô
˵ʮԹĿҪʥĪ˵
Īʥ˼ǣҪȥݣ
ʥĪĵ˵ͷ
ʵݲ࣬ħħɳĵϵӣεסĿǰԾģħʶ̫׷ħ̫ӴµĴ
ħ̫Ӵƹ·֮һ·ͦȻɱλ·Ϸݡ
ݣݲࡣ
·Ǳħ幥ƣֱոݾ˴䱸һΪ֮ħ߼ƻʧܣħ̫ӴƵĴȫռ·ݣ󹥽ݡ
֮£ħ̫ӴƹռݵĽȣȶ̫׷Ҫһ㡣
ǰղŰΧݳǣֻǰΧûаΧݣɳ֧ӣܱߡ
ͬģݵҲ÷ǳա
ҶṩʥĪ鱨Уħ̫Ӵ£Ҳоܹܡ
ʥĪҪбħ֮£ôҪ鱨֧ٲ˵ġ
ϵѲ˾ؼ࣬Ҫһϵе̣鷳ҶߣֱӾʹˡ
ҲҶʥĪݵԭ֮һ
Īʥһġ

ݳ֣ħ巽ǿ䱸ݷ棬ûô֣п塣Ҷѵ
ԣʥĪɨҶһۣЦˣⲻѲ˾ͷĿλЧСӦòϷɣ
ҶȻֻЦŹ֣Ӧ¡
˼ʥĪ궼壬Ҷʲô
Ҷ´˺üµȥݴǰվ
֮ǰ컯񽫺ʮλ컯˵併µѪ꣬ҶٶһҶµһλ
ڿпλ
һλѲ񽫣ѾλͻƵıԵûͻƣҪʱ䡣
ݾݲ̫ԶԼһǧ·
Сèȫ·ҲǰʱĹ
ʱʥĪʩչͨҶ·˯ôʥĪ꿴ܵɽɽˮˮĿ⣬һĪ顣
ֻ֮Ŀ꣬ս
ħȻƼݡݣħɳľСȴŰݡܱߡ
ټ֮ǰ·ݡȼս꣬࣬Ͷ·ֻԭ⼸ݵܱߣ˺
ĳ̶ֳԣ⼸ݣȻﵽĳ̶ȡ
һ·һ·ʥĪɫԽԽѿ
⻹˯ǰĴ
˯ǰܵıݣ¶ҪݡݵκõĶࡣ
ŭ֮£ʥĪеĸ͸ˣ뿴ػƬؿĸˡ
ǣĸ֮ȴǸʹˡ
һǿڽɱѵ
ɱǲɱ
Ȼǲȣ
ЩɶǴܵ
УʥĪԥһ
ϧǡ
ҶҲǸʥĪĿһС
Ҷܿľͷһ

ݡԼݵܱߵؽϣʿһð˳
һֻ࣬ǼöҩЩѵĶмĪ
ʱֻҪһ䣬ɵӻѴѵͽͲˡ
ЩôŵĶЩ£ǻѡһСɵ
ͽڹѩһͣ
ԴˣҶ滹ʥĪ꣬ŭȴûκΰ취
սôҵƽʧ԰
ֶֿ־ʱʿͳˣ˳µĹͽ
Щͨƽգʧģգһǳĸм
սսȼܵľٶ䣬֪мˣ
˿սڣ˳ޣ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷɳɳ֮ޱȵĴ⣬߲΢СԿ壬ɳɳӹ֮ΰ
ڣͼôܰҲӣ
ЩͺΪ˳ֱҪˣʥĪŭ
Ϊ˳
Ȼ
䣬ΨԸֲܹԴģҪûкԸǼԺŵܹꣿʥĪ޺޵
һ㣬Ҷ֪ģħ컯ĴڣҪĴԸԴó
ֻʥĪôһ˵ҶͻȻ֪ʥѵҪԸ


2871 
ʥҪԸ
ʥĪҶ𰸡
Ҫ
ǣʥԣԸֻһѣǻˮһһ
֮£ԸֻǱЩܸǿһ㣬ѻһ㣬ͶʥԣǾҪģ
ǣħԼ컯ˣԸҪǸ裡
û裡
ͻƵ컯ķʽйء
ʥĪ˵ʥϵ컯˵ͻƷʽͬ
ĵҪͻƵ컯ҪԸͻ֮󣬶Ըֻ࣬ʥҪ
ִ̫ʱڵͻ֮
ʥĪĻ˵ĵͻƵ컯һֽںϣԸҪĽԴ
ļ˾ͻƳΪʥһռ졣
ֽȻͬͻƷʽҲֲͬԡ
ˣɵó
ΪͻƷʽԭֻҪܹôԸԴ컯ˣͿԵó
ʥս϶ԣͬȽ׵컯˶ԣǿһ㣬дڣ
ʥĪԣĵһͻƵ컯ˣôԸһһղ
ĳһջõԸжϻ߼٣ʵµ˯
ʥȴûⷽļ
ֻҪͻƣؼʹȥã⶯ȱǣʥ޷
һ컯˾ʥҲҵԪѡ
ʮǰ֮ʱ֮ƽΪʱ٣ԸһĶֵֶλõԸ㹻ˡ
⼸ʮΪԵʣ컯ֻҲԸԽԽԽԽֲ
ʵʮǰʱھѾʶһ㡣
컯ֻȥվΪһ޷ƵĹޡ
ʱھڿɶԸУȻսһսΪȥ
ϧǣоϣħƽԪξ֮ǣס˴ܼе֮ĺ飬ôĹָ
ٺܾħӵУħ嶼𲻵۶սˡ
ֻû뵽ʮĹѾɳز
ʥĪĻЩѣҶһ˲仹ûг׵ס
Īʥ˼ǣ
ڵͿӹʥĪ꿴·ڹͽ֮٣һɭȻ
ģʱս죬˹ͽֻΪ˼Σ
ҪԤı
ҿҵ⼸ĺĴ½¼¼ѵûз𣬴ħ忪ʼħߣħ߱Ī䡣
ĽͲҲ˵顣
ЩͲ˵֮󣬼ıߣ˵ͨˣ
˵ʥĪһʮǰƲ⣬ĳһ죬ܻΪԸԭ򣬶ɴܡ
Ҿģͺ񣡡
Ҷ澪㵣
ʥĪ׳һ侪˵жϡ
Ȼ˵Ҷǰ໳ɣ鱳ǰ˲ıߵĽɫ
ȴûʥĪƲ⡣
ҪĻôǿԲ²⣬ĿǰĴ½սҾƣǲһֲٿصģ
ǿԲ²⣬ӦǿԿ϶ʥĪһ֮˵һС
λߵ˵ǵһͨ컯ˣҲɱǡ
˵Ī
˵ʥĪһЦûоģħλоܹһλ֪ħʦĸǳ񣿡
Ҵġŵնɱ˵һȡôʵǸһ˲Ϣɱ
̶ȵģҲֻ컯Ĵˣ
ʥĪĻҶ涸صһ
֮˭һֱûжۡ
ؼλ̫ͻȻһ˿һټû¡
ʱʥĪһ˵Ҷȫˡ
ɱħλоһλ֪ħʦ֮٣ʥĪмһնɱԶǧ͸֮һˡ
컯񽫶֡
ʥĪ꼸仰͵ࡣ
ʥĪҶ컯սĹأħʮ꣬ûͻȻ͵Ĳ˼Щˣɳ컯Զ෽ͳ˧
˵ħҪûѣô
ƫƫºִ񽫣Ȼѹûе¡
Ҫ˵¸ûϵǾ;Բܡ
Ҫ˵ɱ컯УܾˣʥĪһɭ
ʥĪ˿˿۵ķҶľѡ
ҪˣôⳡսеӰ죬ȫһˡ
Ҷһ˲Ϣ뵽˴ʦ棡
뵽ʊ¡óֹٵط
һ׼ƻ
ִһ׼ƻ
Ҷ汻ħ컯컯ɵɱҶСӣִŵĿƫܣ¶Ǽƻеһ֡
пܣҪɵҶˣ
ħֻһѵѣ
һ˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ뵽࣡
ˣǴ˼£Ҷ
Ѿˣ̾һʥĪһ䣬ʹҶֱ˸߿գݵˡ
ҶȴЩʣֻħ壿ô
ʥĪЦ


2872 鷢
Ͽգ˽޹ҶʥĪЩȻ
ħһװӣװޱȵĳס
֮ǰʱҶֻǴ˸ǰվʥĪһλоܹܵĺϢһָͷȥˡ
ǵݣߵλоܹܵķȻڣȴҲ
ʥĪ갵ݳħӪһͨûзݵλоܹܡ
ֻħ̫ӴָӴ֣Χݡ
Ӧ֮£ݾѣ׼
ħ߲㵱УҲ˵ġ
ʥĪҲħоܹܣǲ̫ܶͨħֵġ
ҲѲɾһ
ôܣ
ʥĪһɭȻɱݵλħͳ˧ôɱĺ޷֡
⣬Ҫסħ壬һܼǴ壡
ǿߣǽɱƨǿߣǺ֮࣬ҲἫء
ϷһΣһҪħඣ
ʥĪĿӵջϷòףЩ²죬أûʲô취
ҶʥĪ˼
ʥĪ˿̿ƻΥ֣ʵȴΪһڱΥ֣иԴġ
ǣʥĪӱάʥĪûҵҪĿ֮ǰ޷֡
취
ʥĪͷ֮ʣҶͶ·ħС
Ȼ˵֮ǰҶɳ˼λǰվϰħУħҪһˣôͨط£˵ֻλʮλҲҲ
ҶҶİ취
ص֮СϢǱ˳ȥ
ħСģҲܱܽսеֲȫˡ
ֻҪսֲϵСͲᱻ֡
СǿҲ޷ڰк޸ݵķħеλоܹܡ
úС֮ҶӵصԶݣݳһﴦô͡ȺͬʱԼ͡
һ֮СèҶ棬ֻһͳݳϿա
ֵѪս֮ʣҶһ˳ɱϿգ֮⣬ѹûʲôע⡣
ҶҲݳϿգ񹭸֣£ӥĿһתʱҵĿꡣ
ǰָӹսʮħĽ졣
һɲǣҶָһɣͷ·һ㣬һһǵĴҶָɳ
ʮļ䣬ʮļǺɫһ㣬뻮ʣע⡣
עģȴҶʮļս
ʮļħĵħ죬׷һ
Һ߶ûз͵ɢ
ʮǰָӵĽ챻ɱħ幥ǲʱҡ
سǵľȴ˲Ϣ佫Ŀ⿴мʸĵط
˴ܱݹҶ棬ȲؾţԮȻ·ϣ
ҶҪųţ־£˿ֵ̳ϿյҶ棬Խ󣬶ڴھݾʿԽ
ȻҶ滰أݳڣͻȻ˾Ļ
ԭȻľȻسǾϣͻȻ͸ϣ
ûϣ
˵ĵڣҶеûͣ
ĹɱʮħĽ졣
Ѳֵܱߵħħ񹬵Ĵʦǰħ̫ӴƵķŭ˺󣡡
ҶģͲɳ컯𣡡ħ̫ӴϳҶ棬һ˫۾ȴת
֮ǰǱߵ鱨УҶǸλǰĿֲʥһġ
ʱ˿̣ȴֻҶ棬ħ̫ӴƸҿ϶λֲʥ϶ڰС
ɳ컯ˣ
ҶЦˣ㾡ɰһССĵǰͲɳ컯أ
ħ̫ӴƷȻ
Ŀǰεľء
˭֪ܾȻҶһ̬
ڵΪȻӵնɱ컯˵컯˶նɱô컯֮µĵɱ͸նв˲ࡣ
컯֮£˭Ҷ棿
Ŀǰԣħ񹬻ûиһõķ
Ҷ񹭣ڴҶĳֵһɲǣûͣ
ʼҶ滹ħĽ죬ڣҶȴȫȻˣ֮ڵħ壬ֻҪǽߣҶĿꡣ
̶ʮʱڣҶѾ˽ټ䣬սֱӺɱħϰλϵǿ߻߽졣
ҶϬޱȣɱǿʱһҲ⡣
ּ鷢ľɱ֮£ħ裬ħǰָӵĽǣ˿̸Ǻ޲صףһ̵ʱ任ǽķΣѹԸΪϢ뿪˽λá
ħ幥ƴ󻺣
һĻħ̫ӴƷŭ
´ݻǵ
ȥħݾ׶
ҶҲǰһľ޴󣬷ʮ֮ټ䣬ѾҶڵĵ˴롣
鹬ָˣʱҲûлָ
ýݳǷıָһ¡
ǰʥĪ궼ӲħԶ̲ӵĺҶȻҲҡ
Ҷһε㣬ȴݳϿգݳǳǷ󷨷ҪȻҶҲܰȻϰټ
ֻħͣǣҶĹҲֻͣ
ʱ⣬̷ΧҲҪ
ȻޱϬκ̸ɱǾˣå
Ҳڴʱȴħ̫ӴƵٴ


2873 ȥ
Ҷ棬һλʥأħ̫ӴƿżɽķʣͬʱҲһ̽
ҶȴǳЦһٴſ񹭣Ըǣʥ֣
ٴο£ֱӽݳǧ׷Χ֮ڵħŵٴκȻˡ
Щħмͨħ壬һǾޱȣҶҲĿһǺݵġ
״ݳͷҶٴδЦ
ħǣ˭ҴҶһսҶŭ
ħӪУûһ
ħ̫ӴƵɫޱȵѿ
Щͨħʿ䣬ʱ׷׻ͷ󷽣뿴ûӦս
û𣿡
ħ飬ֵû˸ҶһսҶٴηУ񹭹⻪һ𣬷ƿ
ƿһǧħǣ׷׾ޱȣһԼĻ⡢֮ط߶˼¡
ħ̫ӴǰҲ˲ضѻʮޱȵľ޶ܣ
Ȼû֡
ֻһǿң
Ҷֻǿһǿң
һȺ޵ħ壡
ħ̫Ӵֱӽǰʹ߿޲նɱҶ档
ħ̫ӴȴҶΪʱɱҶ棬Ҷ˴
ҶΪȻȥûʲô
ȻҶֻһǿңЩħĵĽ죬ɲҷɡ
ǰҶǵӰ죬ֲ̫̣̫ˣ
鷢
һ
ǵڻǵ۷壬ź鱦Ҷ֮£һ
Ѿ˳Ҷǧ׵̣ʱ㷲
Ǿ˳Զ
һʱ䣬ħʿܴѹݳͷٴλ׶Щʿ񣬿Ҷ񣬾ǿһ
һ˵Ȼܹħݳ֮Χֱͣˡ
ݾڻҶȴһҲ˲
СǴ͡˵ķϢУûзħλоܹܡ
Ȼħ̫Ӵƶ֮ǰݲҰ
ֶΣûҳλڰеħоܹˡ
ҶĿһ뷨
ͷһɨĿ˸ոһϡ
λԣմѪΣ֮ʱڳͷն˼ħ壬ȴҲǺ֮
ҶĿȥλ͸Ӧˣϸָм֮ɫ
лҶΣʱ񣡡еĸмڴ˿̶ǲ԰׵ģ˵ʲôȴֲ֪˵ʲô
øлңҶôٺ»һУǴ񹩷վˣӦ֮¡
еʥĪ仰̲ס¶ЦݣҶ仰˵ĺð
ҪǴܵĹԱļ˾ҶһľǴܵľƣˣ
лĻһ˵꣬Ҷʱͽ⣬볹׽֮ΧҲһ
һ
ֻ˼һ£͵ͷҶԸ
Ϊ̸Ϊ٣Ҷԣ꽻֮˵Ľʹ˽ȴǷٵĽߵĽټ´
һ̣Ҷֳ񹭣ٴָħ̫Ӵƴ
ƣħȫ˻𣿾ûһ˸Ҷһս
ոһħ̫ӴƲ
Ҷս۸˻۸ˣ
ƫƫµ컯ˣʱΪλʥܵĴڣҲܳս
ҪȻðŷգħ̫ӴҲҪһλ컯˳սҶ棡
ħ̫ӴƲ˵ҶǳЦףƣȻ˻ôҾȥ㣡
ħ̫ӴһЩûзӦ
ݳͷҶ棬Сèһ񣬾һĳݳħ
ǧ׵ľ룬Ҷ˲Ϣ£Ҷǰĵ׷ױ
Ҷһһèһֱħ̫Ӵڵо˼ȻҪҪնɱħ̫Ӵơ
ħڲΪ𾪣
һڵ׷ǰıħ̫Ӵǰ̫ӴƱҶɱ
ֻҶ񹭼ףÿһһħ̫Ӵǰĵɱ
ʱҶݳǷħ̫ӴҲǼˣԶ̲ӣҼ𣬴ʦգ
Ȼ˵ħ̫ӴƲûָӹӣǱϾһ·ͳ˧
ôм˲Ϣ䣬ħ̫ӴƵͱִȥ
һǧ˵ħţҲ׷ſ󹭣ôл汬طļʸҶ档
ȲҲѸٶԱ
ֻǵļʸһɲǣҶ˲ʧˣ
Сèͨ
ħ񹬵Ĵʦգ
У̫Ӵƺо飬Ѿ´
ħ񹬵ĴʦҲִ
ǣִħ񹬵ĴʦȴҶȸɱˡ
һʱ䣬ħŵļ߿ˣֱħԼϿձһֱָӺħ屾ħû
ֻһ˲Ҷξħ̫ӴƱǧ֡
ֵɲǣһ䣬ͺħ̫Ӵơ
ǺɫɢĿֲɱ⣬ֱħ̫ӴƵܱ߱Ƶĵ˾ĺС
ϰʮ׷ٶȣҶһķ
ص׾޶Ҳ˷йͼҪħ̫Ӵܱһǽħ̫Ӵơ
գλǵӲĵסҶһҲ޶ܲȡħ̫Ӵܱ߲ضʱ䡣
ǣӰ֮£ħĴʿ䣬Ҳû
ο֮ǰͱҶɵϰٽ죬ħָѾЩʧأ˻״
Ҳڴʱ֮ǰһֱݵؾͻȻĴ£ֱӴݳɱ
ÿֻһ򣬵֧ӣȴȫĴǰߵģݵĵͽּ֮ķʸͷ
һ壬ñʧȥЧָӺ֯ħ˻ҡ
ǰߣཫ챻Ҷŵ˵˺󷽣ûָ֮£ؾ֮£ǰħһɱ
֧֧ͷһħӪ֮С

ûҶ棬ң
ħ̫ӴʱָӣίɵĽȴҶ׷ɱ
ӵʱ䲻ǰѾܡ
ħ̫Ӵɫ䣬һܣʧɾ̫ˣǿԲԸ⿴
λоָܹܰӾӡħ̫Ӵ֮£´Ͼֻϵͳ˧ҪָָʹϰҪµλоܹܡ
ңֻǰָӣӦû£
ܿ촫ȥ
ͬʱʼָħλоܹܣͷӳ˾޴ãħƿʼֹסһС־ӣʼ֯
ոմֵҶ棬ȴǸЦݡ
һ͸һֱڸ߿յʥĪͨλã
һɲǣ˶ָݺݵħУ¡
⻪˶ֱָɢ
⵱鱦Ĺ⻪ħеĽɫǷĹ⻪
Ҷ֪ħλоܹܵıֶΡ
ǣʥĪĹֶ£ûá
Щûκô
˶ָᴥһħϰһ£˲ʧ
λãȴԲǧ׵Ĵ

ħʶ̫Ӵʧļ˿̲


2874 
ʥĪһָͷȥħڲλоܹܣֱɱ˳ɰǧλħ彫졣
һӷԲǧңħһ;޴һָͷȥҲǧħֱӱɱ
ӣʥĪһָͷɱħĿˡ
λħоܹħУ඼ħеĸֵĽ졣
˲Ϣ䣬ħʧȥָӡ
ħ̫ӴʹıɲǣҶڸСʹ͡´µ
ţǴ͡˹
֣͡дľħеλ֣ħ˷óƵħȶ
ʱܹħ̫ӴָӴסƵģҲֻħλоܹܡ
ҲҶ֮ǰϡһĸԭΪҲֻܱƳħеλоܹܡ
ҶΪͳ˧һġ
˵ġ
ֻͳ˧µľӷӳٷְٵսؼʱذܾ֡
һսֽħλоܹܱض
Ҷָ£ʥĪ꾫ȷһնɱħ̫Ӵµλоܹܡ
Ҷ棡
һߵħ̫Ӵƣ޺޵ĶҶ棬ʱ޲Ҷ֮⡣
֮ǰħ̫Ӵƻң̫׷µλоܹûˣֻҪסԸµоܹܣͿⳡսеıֵĸҫۡ
û뵽ҶĴȴǸ
յʾͨ£λоܹܲǱɱˡ
ڱͻϮħʶ̫׷գԵøһ㡣
ҪǣλоܹܵµĴĸӰ죬Ӱ޷㣬޷
һɱħλоܹܵʥĪҧгݵĿҶħ̫ӴƺȻ
Ϊ֣еһλϢֲʥһĶ
ֱӽе컯˸˳һСĻħ̫Ӵԣֲ
Ϊһǰλʥ˹ħ̫ӴƳ֣ǳûκѡ
ֻǣǵģҶЩЦá
λ컯ˣÿжһ޶ܣħ󡢱Ҫľ޶ܣʱλ컯Уÿ˶һ档
һɲǣħ̫Ӵߵ֪ħʦͻȻʹһսһ֪ħʦ͵ؾ˹
ǰĽ飬¶λоܹܵλã̶Ǳʥɱ
Ȼ֮ǰ£Ҳѡ˭Ҷ̫ء
Щľսħ̫ӴҲӦ˹͵ؾͽ֪ħʦ
֮ǰħ񹬵ʾֻıλоܹܣˣħ񹬵˵ǣʥӦòԻ֡
ʱħ̫ӴƲźȻݣǰλʥǸɵλоܹһλ֪ħʦ
Ŀǰֻɵλоܹܡ
ħ̫Ӵ˲Ϣ;ģǰλʥܻҪ֪ħʦ֡
֪ħʦߺҶħ̫ӴƲ֪֪ħʦҪԡ
ǱȶԴ֪ħʦߺ
ʱʶʥĪܻ֪ħʦ֣ħ̫ӴƼһҪĳ嶯
Ķϣǽ֪ħʦ⽫֪ħʦжĪͷһΪ֪ĸо
ʵϣħ̫Ӵûϴ
ʥĪ꣬ȷʵٸɵһλ֪ħʦ
һɵλħоܹܣٸɵλ֪ħʦ֮Ǳһ
ǣħ̫Ӵߵ֪ħʦ֮ǰ֪ħʦϢ˵̫ˣһ֪ħʦ
ʥĪĪݶԣһλ֪ħʦ֣ʵЩ
Ҷ浹š
ֻǾĻҺҶϮһݴɱ֮ħҶսѾЩ˽Ӧˡ
ҶʱٴγħУܻܲųǶ˵ˡ
ȻⲢҶս
սıԵشСèĻԣ䣬ÿһ䣬ضܹһħ彫
ʣµħ彫ǣ׷׾֣һͻ䵽ͷϡ
һҪڱϣҶϣָսƣ
οʥĪ֣еħħ̫ӴƵĻڣħҪˡ
֮£ݳڳңɱնɱħ
ħ̫ӴµĴѶ
оеλʥûԼֵ˼֪ħʦԶ͹ޱȵħ̫Ӵƽ̫ӵ£Ѿ޷ء
λоܹҪʿʱݰɣ֮پ
˵ţ֪ħʦһеҶ棬Ҷ棬ҲҪħǱߣóһ
Ҷ棬ħ̫ӴƸǺ޺ޡ
һֲս̫ѶԸˡ
һؾһָ£Ȼɱ´Ȼ˵ʥɱλоܹܵԭ򣬵ҶԭҲɺӡ
޺޵ĵ˵ͷħ̫Ӵ´˾
ħͬˮһȴݳͷľ񣬱˾Ļ
֮Χ⡣
ҶȴǷеʥĪ꣬ʵĪʥأȥʲô


2875 Ԫָ

Ҷ⣬ʥĪԵȻЩƮͲҪϷˡ
ʥĪشҶЩ⡣
飬㲻ʺϲ롣
ʥĪĻҶһ˲
λǰĵһʱ䣬һֱڳȫչ˺ͱҶ棬ҶмͬʱҲǸжĪ
ҶƣʥĪжܻУǺΣգŲҶ롣
ĪʥҪʲôܿڷԸ
ԣʥĪ˵ͷϷһҪȥ
ĪʥԸ
Լ
ҶȻ
ҶȻĿУʥĪٴοڣķͷе󡣡
Ҷ˵ͷķͷȷʵеǴ֮£սɱһλħ컯ˣͷˡ
ҪǣӰ컯ֹսһص©
Ȼ˵䲼컯ֹսĹأѾ©ٳò̫õʱ䣬컯Ϳȫսˡ
컯ȫս֮ǰصľ޴©
ԵΪȴӵնɱ컯ʵ
Ƿһһ˵Ĵڣܹıս֡
ԣħܻпжҪСˡʥĪ˵
ԣ
Ҷһɷǲ
ʥĪٴҡҡͷҪ֪սǶȫһߵʵǳǿ󣬵ȴĲףƵֶΡ
磬ͨطҪСˡʥĪٴѡ
лĪʥѡʥĪ֮£ҶȻ
ӦһٴοҶһۣʥĪʹʧ
ݳ⣬ħѾȫٳѾսؾʱȻħҲǿ֮ĩûг׷
ݳǵս֮⣬սǻ
кҶ;뿪ݡ
ԻҶ棬ҶҲ֪Ե뷨
۴ĸ濼ǣҶǿݣŴô
ҶҲԼĿǡ
һУ֮ǰǧĴ͡ȫתռ䣬Ҷֱʩչݣڴءաɽˮľһʱ䣬֤ûٵͬʱҶֱӽʱռ䡣
ҶôСģǷʥĪѵԵʡ
һʱռڣҶͱ˷
Ԫôˣ
һõʥӥ飬ָƵģҶķʡ
ʱռڣһƾճ֣Ҷ湪һ񣬡ѾָһõʥӥѾ㹻ˡ
Գˣ
°ԪҶЩ⡣
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪԴһű֮󣬾һֱ޷Ի塣
ܹԻ壬˵ƺõĲˡ
°Ԫͷ֮ʣҶȻ죬ҿָôˡ
°Ԫһ֣⻪һͻһʮҶ
֮ǰǵʮѷϢ΢ı屦飬˿̾޴ȻȫֺϣϢǱȴܲƣȻƻûг׻ظ
Щôûлָ⣿
õģ˵ƣʥӥռֲҪһʱ䡣
Ҫã
ûʮĹ򣬿޷ȫظʱռڣһͿԡԪ˵
Ҷ֪Խǿı֮󣬻ָԽ鱦Ҫʮʱָƣʵ
ʮʱʱռڣһµʱѣָ
Ҷʱųһ
ʥĪľ棬ҶҪǲϣǼٵġ
ǣֻҪ鱦ʮԪ챦Ƴ׻ָôҶڼ£ҲԱ
ңҶڵڵΪ鱦ʮԪ챦ܣֻǿ
ˣڻָڣ֣ܲܳҶͻʵ
ȻԣֻҪǿŲƣֻǶԿĪʥǿߣڻָڣҲܹ֡
Ҷ˵ͷܳ־ͺã㻹ǰĻָôʣҲֻԷһ
ҪԪЩʵ
ҶٺһЦ¶ɭɭԪ˵ܹܲԿɣ
˿˴򣬾͵ñҶ˶رɱ硣

ػʹڣһѩƬһɽػʹɽ˶ڡ
ľ㲻جģҲòȥǽ죬ЩڴԱǣȴһϲüҡ
ݱ
촫ģȫǽݱ
һݱģʥħնɱħ컯ʮλħ컯һλ
սصĴġ
ʹ̫Ǹʲôģ
ڲԹɫһȺˡ
սȻûйһͽʹնɲ١
ڶݱսġ
Ѳ˾ͨħλоܹһλ֪ħʦնɱһͬɱģλħи߼졣
ħʶ̫׷վƴ֮Χѽ⡣
ݱȻݵģħֱնɱλоܹܣ֮Χⲻ˵ؾɱħ̫ӴƵĴܰ
ݱʹͬʱҲµġ
ʱ˿̣ݱڴܾʿĵģةฮڵһʱľ
ǣԭӦͬϢڻʹڣȴȫͬ
ʊ¡ͽݱʹߣʹ֮߳󣬾ͷŭ
Ҷ棡
Ҷ滵޵ĺ£
Ҫȥ޺²ܴĿģոʧؿ


2876 
ضڣʊ¡ʦһľȻûκα仯
ʊ¡йϣƽʦŻڡ
£Ǹ߹˱¶ӰͶ³ӵĿȡ
ʦ仰һһʊ¡ͷ
һݡ֮Χ⣬ԭ򣬻ʥ
ǿĪ컯񽫼ʥ
ҪȻݻ᲻ᱻ˭Ҳ˵׼֮Χʱ϶ⲻˡ
˵ոʧصĿˡ
ͬʱʥӥ϶Ѿȫ߹սľˣĿǰֻռľһĵ
ľݸӦжʥӥҪٴ׾ٵĹռľȫûôˡ
һеһУȫΪ붯ʥĪ꣬ȫΪҶ档
Ϊԣʊ¡޲ƻĴƵİʥĪҶ浱Ѻն̨ǻɢ
ʵϣʊ¡Ϊܵľ֮Ҳʲôʲôġ
ҶʥĪ֮ˣѾɱɱģɱҲӦĹһʵſԡ
ĿǰĹʊ¡ϡ
ʊ¡ĿǰΪص١ʧһ̶ȡٿɾҵĵһʊ¡ܵޱȵ鷳
ΪܵⱾְԶʧ£ҪʮܣҪһϵеغ
һսܣԣȨ½̶Ӱ쵽ͳΡ
ʊ¡Ҳһ㣬ʱʮֵļ
Ϊ֪ȥͳܲάɾҵһ졣
ʊ¡ìܡ
ûѡ
пܳɾҵ·м䣬ûʲôѡԡ
Щ飬ҲȫӰģڵ˵ǻȨӰһˡйʊ¡ȫ侲
£ʵ˵׻ǵ̫õ£ڱ¿ˮ£Ȼֱܱ
ʦĻʊ¡ͷҲɣһĪá
ˣȷʵǹ޴ġ
ĵˣȫȫĶԸò˶þܹ˰ɣ
һ룬ʊ¡ԽļС
ⲿĵ޴ҪٴɱµĿֻܴ꣬ǵڲˡʦ˽顣
ڲ
ʊ¡Ȼ״ʦ˵ʲô
ûãûõĴ˾³߾ͳ˶
ʱʦȻȥڼܹͯºѾһ̺
³䣬ˣ
ʊ¡ѯʣδ˾³߶ͷ˲ؾͼˡ
ر£ת˾е˾ڣ̰УԾת˾Ϊ
вãת˾ÿһξתˣøֶָΣб˽Һ͹Ϸֵľߴĳɣ
ʲôĳɾб˽ң
֣ʊ¡͵վ
ǳ⡣
ʵϣѲ˾ת˾֮ǰʊ¡Կ϶ת˾ڿ϶в֮¡
ˮôţҪṵ̂ǲܡ
ǣĳɵȴʊ¡֡
ĳɰ
֮ǰߵľУһ뻹ȱת˾عԱϷˡ
ԤĿʮϡ
˵һ㣬̰ѾӰ쵽ˡ
˾³ߵ˵ͷһԴ亹ر£ȷʵˣֻĿǰѾġ
ô˵ûģʊ¡Ȼ
£ĿǰȷǣӸַʳĿ֮أɣ£·Ϻһ㲻ᳬɣԡ
ʊ¡Ŀ࣬Īŭ𶸵ӿͷ飬Ҳ飡
Ҳû뵽ĵ۹ұµ̰۾Ȼе̶ȡ
һľ۹ڵұܳԣһĳ̶ȵ̰νˮ㡣
ǣû뵽ھһϣȻص˳̶ȡ
˵ǰߵľȻɣ
ֱ
ϰ죬һɴϴٰ
ԣŻһͷ亹Ĵ˾³ߣһ
Σλδ˾֮λѹޱȵľ޴󣬼ҪһõóֵĹѫܳ׵ȴ˾֮λ
ǰⳡת˾̰Ķλѫ
ⳡ󰸣Ӱ㹻漰㹻㣬¹ǰߣԻʼңԳõó֡
Ǿе˾أ
ر£е˾ȾתԺһ㣬ҲԺһ㡣
вϵĻΣԾɵľȫµľ滻ȥΪأѲôʵݡ˾³˵
ȻԾƻ£ֱˡһɴشز鴦
ʵ˾³Ļŭš
κλֻҪȨ
Ѳ˾ҲһֻŻѲ˾Ҳ˾ʵ
ּȥ졣
˾³ּл뿪ʱʊ¡ͻȻһ䣬³ǵһӣϾһζĹԱܱȽ϶ࡣ
лѡ
̤³ߣʱҼ
ʊ¡һѣ³ߵһǱĸ֪
ҲֻбµĸܵõµĹѡ
ԣһζĹԱ϶Ƚ϶࣬ǲӱ֮˹Ҳ⳯ڵѡ
ڱڰ
һˣ˾³߾¶ģһҪ¸ƯƯģԲ¶
뿪Ĵ˾³ߣʊ¡ȴǸһ˿Ц
ȻⲿУǾʹڲɣңѾҺˣ


2877 Ǭ
֮Χ˵ĵڶ죬ǡþǴÿһεСᡣ
ڽݱƵѹֵϢתԭܲμӳͲμӳعԱǣҲ׷ϳμӳᡣ

ʱݱƵתһתУ̵һôǼ˵ܹ˽Ϊ¹󣬼ȱϹ壬ҲܻµĻ
ԽСᣬʸĴܹԱǣĶˡ
ʊ¡ĺתټ˱ͷҲޱ
ûһ˿һʱʼ
ةŸλǹٹ֮ʦҰλȥЩۣӶֻ󣬿ȥЩۡ
ֻǴٹѾӦˡ
ԭҰλǰӦ׼ģŴʦǿƣȻ׼ƽƽˡ
ȱǴ׼ˣʦɻվҰڶλ
ῪʼϰԵ֮δ˾³һӣݺܼ򵥣Ϊ˱֤ǰ蹩ӦѲ˾ھ蹩ӦǿѲ飬ϹӦֹͨħƻͬʱҲϲڲ̰ԱϹӦ
һйоأǷֹħƻϲڲ̰Ӧ֮⣬ҲǵһΡ
˸ѻ߱ھת˾߾е˾ְĹԱ֮⣬޶ע⡣
ʊ¡Ҳûжʣһӣ׼ˣһ
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һҪķ֮һǶˡ
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һʊ¡ɫЩȻ
Ȼ֮ɫӴʦһʦʹ󷽷ĳʥĪĪʥ
ĪʥܣһȻǴܴʦֻҵݶѣⲢΪܳ
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2878 ֪̫
ʥĪֳļϣԴʦ漸ûκη֮£ԴͱʥĪĸ߬סˡ
ңǬΪǬѹƣ޷ģȴơ
ʥĪ걥컯֮׵ѹʦ档
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ЦУʥĪһ˲䵥һʦԴһֱӱʥĪˡ
Ǭڵһس׷׾
һĻҲʊ¡ŭĵ㡣
ʵ۵棬ʵĴʦԴ󱬣Īʲô˼
ʱʊ¡ȺȴǷ׷ȻʥĪȴٴЦ֪ˡ
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ֻǱһѪʦʹʧֻһ
ʦǬϵģȻֻһ߾Ѫ
ʥĪȻбЦУͻȻɢѪĳһöɫ
͵̽˱ѪУǣһͻȻʹѪһģӰ
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һʦıԪ鱻ǿǾǴʦ泹֮ʱ
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ʦ汻ǣԪԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽ
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һѪɫ侲Ͽը죬˲Ϣ䣬ʥ洫Ӻµ糣ͳ˾֮ڡ
졭ң
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طа죬߼ʹ࣬ʹ֮࣬ƤǸʮ
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硭Σʦ漱
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˵ǬڵĊ¡ΨһĻ·ǬԳһ磬˵鱦ǬѹֻҪ˻ʳ֣ؿɶϿȫ˵
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ܱ˴һܣʥĻֶΪء
ϣʊ¡ԴʦȵĿ⣬޶ԡ
ڣѪĴʦͻȻޱȾĺ


2879 Ը
¡ң
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ڣʦͬһĺţ˫ֲʵź系裬Ҫץסʲôȴôץס
һĬȻĿǰΣ¾ˡ
ĿһԼǰȴΪУʵǺܡ
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еĳģʦ汻ʥĪ굱ʊ¡ʊ¡ӹҲס϶߳ŭʊ¡ûʥĪֻǳˡ

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ϵʊ¡һεĳ̾ţּ⣬ʦ档
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ͨƽǣ֪ʦ浽Ǽ顣
ǣʥ˵ʦˣôʦͿ϶ˡ
ԣΪ˱졣
ڴŴܵá

ʦ汻ʥĪǬϢҶڵʱڼƻҶ棬һ塣
ңҲǳʥĪ˴Ĵָ
ɣֱӣүǣ
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2880 Ҫб仯
ݡ
һħƵسһ࣬Եһӱսҵһࡣ
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ЩܵĴȻǸмĪ
Ȼ󣬾ͻǰ½һС̳ڣʦЩϵİݵ
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½ķ̳ҡ
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Ͼ֪ˡԾˣҲӦ仯ǡУҶֱռ֮ڡ
ţҪб仯Ԫ鰢۾͵


2881 
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ʱռڣҶڸټҡλ佻
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⼸λһۣɵЩ˷ܵĴ֣Ϲŷܻкñʹд˻ԵΪ˵ܹһ
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ţʹˣҪôֱӷԸɡ
䣬ͣͺãǵȫϹŷܱѾڸϢĴ󣬲ΪϢй¶עġ
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֮Ҷµҵλ䣬صףڵص׶һĪĵص׿ռ䣬Ȼ󣬴һйţȻһºޱ˸źعϢķڣͳǰ
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ˣҪϢ֪ͨҡҶרĵĺؿռݡ
ͬʱҶҲЩڴؿռƿʲô仯أ

ҶĺطݵʱʥĪ겢ûлת
Ǵǰʥִ˽ݡ
ڵִｭϿյʱʥĪų׷ųϢ
ʥĪϢųɲǣеĵǿߣһĪĲ
ݳڣӹѶ
ݳڵֵڵĿռŲ󷨣Ǵ˴Ŀռ䲨ȻʥĪĽ٣ݳ𶯡
ݳڶģȴǳе
ԭԴӸݽʮ֮ûãͽǨƵǰߵĽݡ
Կħ֮ģڶԣҲشԿ
ʥĪĿģǳֱӡ
ڽݳϿշųԼʥϢɲǣͳ˽ݳ½ɵۡϿգ⣬ֱӲ
ݳڣƼĴ߲㣬ʥĪͻȻٲۡϿ£һĲѡ
ϣ˶Կ϶ʥĪʱۡӦġ
ԭʸ֮Ѵ֮
ԭεֵ
ͶЧԭ˳Ϊġ
Ȼ˵ԭڱ֧֣ǣʱ˿̣˸ҲĿŵ֧ԭѹʥĪ꣬˵
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Ҫǣϣûвֵ
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һɳӵУۡУԭӭ


2882 Υ
ĪʥԶʧԶӭĪʥ¡ԭ쳹ݳǣţݳڵĸĳǣ԰
еʥĪ꿴һ򶨵ԭȴǸŭ
ַƮҡ֮ƣԭҪһΡ
ħߣԭﶪʧġ
ʧħ֮ԭȻ˴һħսϾþսսʿ˴ܶڻħսϵĺսʡ
ͬʱΪŸǣס
˵ںģŵ˴һֱ޷סħĹƣ̶Щģôܵ鷢
˵ԭһеס
죬ʥĪģʰԭġ
ʰԭʥĪӵеǿĴͳȴԡ
ܹȥ֮ƣôڲľȥܾͻôӶŤתĿǰľ档
ʥĪ֮ǰԸħʱõֶζǼ򵥶ֱԼͱò̫һˡ
һʥĪʹ£˽ۡڵ´
ԭȴ˿壬ʥĪ󣬽´
˽֮´ʱ󷨣ߵϢһ˿һй
´ڣովʥĪŭȵԭ֪
ԭһ޹ĪʥЩף֮У
ߣ֮У
ʥĪϢһ˵Ǹӣû뵽㻹ڸġ
ݷѴܣ´֮ѵ֪𣿡
ĪʥˣЩɳܲ𣡡
ԭ˵ƵᣬʥĪ˫һԭȴڵĪʥȼһλ˵
ˣ
ʥĪȻͬʱȻоϢ죬ͷɲǣͿһ¡ͷ١׾߳֡
ĪΥˣ
飡
ʥĪȻôʲôʱ򱻻ѵģ
һĻԭЦݸ֣λʥĪһ£Ȼǡ
ʱҶڵĻͻᷢʥĪеλ飬ϢȻʥĪ࣬ǿôһְֵġ
ȻλʥĪе飬Ҳһλ컯񽫼ʥ
˵ˣұѣʮˡ
ʮꣿ
ĪɵĿһԭô˵˸֮ǰͱˣ
Ϊʲôô
飬ѵ֪пô𣿡
⣬ıѣԪһδʱһǰװʥĪ겹һ䡣
ҾΪԪľҲװЩ꣬ҾļģƽãƳԪľ޽ʱ䡣
˵ףһΪ˴ܣôô
ʥЦĪΪ˲ô֧֊ԭݵġ
£ֵʥĪԺˣôЩף
ӊ¡ΪҲ˰ɡȻΪʦֱǵʩ
֧֊ԭֻΪڼΪһ˿нˡ
ʥ˵ùȥϸϸãȴǼǣǿ
飬Ȼ֪£Ϊʲôһʦ棬𢣿
¡׽Ļ̥֮£Ҿɱһ棬иðһ֡˵
Īһ£ˡ
ʥĪȻ£
ǸԪ飬㲻ӦóӦ̿ʻ߳طѻ꣬Ϳ֪¡Ϊʲô֮ȨصĴʦˡ
ʥĪĬȻ
ôû뵽һ㡣
ǣʳΣ
㣬ʥѵΪĳЩ飬Ҫ߱
ǲܵģ
ô꣬ΪʲôֹأʥĪ겻ʣʮֻҪһΣܵ״Ͳˡ
ǳ֣Ŀǰ״ֻ㡭

ۡڣʥĪʥ˭Ҳ˵˭ʱڴǹĥ
գʥĪȻ뿪˽ۡ
У޹
ַʥҲǵʥĪʥ
ʥĪһ֮֮ơָܹһ£Ϊʥĳ֣ʧܡ
ʥĪͻȻ䷢֣Ĵ½̶ˮи顣
ʮǰͱܻѣȻԤıġ
ʮǰĴ׼ǰࡣ
һˣʥĪͷͻȻһ侪ͷæ䣬


2883 
ڴʦܷ֮ŭ
ʥ壬ҪܾͲѧһ£һݡ
ʵϣֻɳʹ߿ʼ£עڴ̡
ܵĻָҲӲ
Ĳѧ
Ǹ֪
ֻ֪ܵĴʦ棬֪ʲôѧ
ܴʦڹ֮£ĺȫǾȡ
ȻϿɣǴʦ棬Ҳˡ
ƾʲôɱɱ
ʊ¡Ļظ򵥣ܵκһӣڴܹϽ֮¡
浱δʦʱҪнӰɷϽľ
ҴɱԸĳӣƾʲôҪ
ĿŴС
˫ĵǺˣûκʵж
ȻҲȥΨһһ㰲ο
ʵϣҲס
ѧϻ֮ܲһӡ
һ΢ʱԷӡ
̣ҲΪ棬Ϊ£Ҫһ̬
ֻǣ˫Ĵ̵ͬʱĺ糣ȴǷŭԸӡ
ħ幥ս֮ݴ㽨̳ͽ
Щȼսĵյͽ׵ԸĶ࣬ջϲˡ
Ϊսǰߣ񣬲ҪãֻҪ࣬һָƣͺ΢ָƵСͿǱϵͽ
ջĺϲˣ
ǣ̶һʱʱڣݺ͸ݵķ̳ͱݻٽϡ
Ϊ˹ͽһʮ̳Ͷ˵ʦ߰ˣʦǧˣĴʦһˣȴģǾ޴ջ
ǣһʱʱڣƵݵķ̳ͱݻʮһնɱĵʮˡ
ʧ޴
ʧǣʧȥЩ̳֣ոտʼջԸĽ࣬жˡ
ոܵһƻȻȻķŭˡ
ֻʥĪոճֱʱڣɳ컯˲
ԣصѾѹ˺ϡ
˵ĵһҪ񣬾ҳ֡
Ȼ취
ʮһʱ
״̬£ҪɱʮҲҪʱɡ
ĵ飬ٶֲڷԲ֮ڲ˵ڲһʱʱڱնɱ
ؼһء
ɫļʸ֮κΪĴʦһԪɢ
ؼ䣬ܹģ£ֻ컯ˡ
ǣԵú糣˲ϢסҶ棡
ǣҶǴòˡ
ûдҶ
ӵе컯˵ȨҲ컯˺붯һλִ񽫡
Ҷȴӵնɱ컯˵˵һδҶϡ
ٺޣҲҶΪֻϱִŸף뿴ûдõ
Ҷڱ֮ǰжִһɭȻһƻʮһ̳նɱʮ˼ֱ֪ôд
ɱ𣿡
ִĵһ͡
Ȼԡ
׿϶ޱȵѾúˡ
ӸʵϣӵնɱҶʵǣҶȴһս
ʥնɱҶĻᡣ
ô죿ִεһ̾
ǰΣִ˵Ȼ޷㶨һССĵڵºܶˣҾģϱ£ðɡ
ϱ£ǲԵǺܣ
ǣܹʰҶ𣿡
ʱܣ
ʰҶ棬Ҷȴӵκһ컯֮µ˵ʵԸɵ컯ˣܹơ
£ҶԲϵĸ鷳
ʱҶǴʧʱǾͲԵúܣĺˣ
ִȻ
Եĺܺĺ֮䣬ǵѡǰߡ
Ϣ㴫ݣܿģһڻԻ͵ĴڣͷڵľӰڴϡ
ִףһֵ̿ĵȺ
ոճ֣Ͳһһ϶㲻Ҫкã
Ÿײķֱ棬ֻǺ޻ɵ˵Ѵ
ϣ˼
ʥţȷʵ޷ȫ֣ʵȷʵвơ
һʱڣͻٵʮһ̳õԸȼ١
ûдԸ̤֮λأڸȥ
žڵףͷȴЩϲ
Ȼô˵ôһ취Ҷġ
ϣ֧°ͣĿǰǰﲻĶĽⳬԽ׵ãţȻˣǾͷɣ
𣿡ͬʱȻ
ţޱȵڷ֮ذɡ
ҵ
ţˣĺܽɲǰﲻҪķƴԣ£ǿһħ壬ħ֡
ʱ򣬾ǰﲻķҪƴҵҲħ壬ұԵõĴЦ


2884 
ڼ䣬жٻʥļ¼ڣϻʥĪ꣬ڵһʱҵԭ׼ࡣ
ĪѯʣȻ֪޲ԡ
Īʥڼ䣬ֻһǰѹһʥǰѹ磬ûκλʥļ¼
һΣһǰûļ¼˵ģǻģʥĪٴʵ
¶ɻ֮ɫûУĪʥ֮ǰЩͷȻħһֱսǹƻƽȣѹûлѹʥ˵ǽµĻַʥ
ǣԭ
ʥ
׼İ࣬Ȼ֪Ǻˣַ֪ʥǸĪһǿ컯񽫼ʥʱ͵һ
ôܣ
ʥĴڣشʲûѡô᲻ĻأһȻ

ʥĪɫӵˣԼԣʮǰѵġ
ʮǰ
һ£ҡͷǾԲܣɽһֱ֮أɽģҲҵĸ
˵ǻʥ˳룬ڵһʱ֪ͨҡ
ȷʥĪ͸أԣ£ͷͬһˡ
ĪʥҿȷִپʮУκһλʥͨκηʽѣҶڵһʱ֪
ǵĻĳ©ҲҸովδ׼ǰʮꡣ
Ҿδ׼ʮ֮󣬲Žɽȫҵˡ
˵ҡͷǣǰʮɽˣҵĸְڣҲ
ڣδ׼ʱĶ̣ɽʵҵĸ
ȥʱɽڵһʱ֪ͨ˶衣
ôʲôʱ򱻻ѵģ
Īǣƭң
ǣΪʲôҪƭң
˵ȷģôпǰͱѵġǣҴ컯񽫼ʥûвκս֮ԪҲᳬꡣ
ˣǿ¡
Ҳʶ⵱̺ĿֲܣҲп²ϣ
ǰҴʱ˿̣Ҳϣ²ϣ鲢ûƭҡʥĪ飬ͻȻüᶨޱȣ£Ҹˮʯ
ֻһˣ࿴´ķ򣬡δ׼붯Ȩ飬˯еɽ鹵ܹ֪ͨˡ
ɽ飬϶֪ʥѵ׼ʱ䡣
ȨȣɽڵĴ顣
ãҲֻйͨɽˡˣûͨɽ飿ʥĪʵ
ԣϸ֮ɫɽһϲ˯ʱ䶼˯Ժܵ޴˺֮⣬ֻΪļԺ֮ͨ⡣
Ŀǰпɽ鹵ͨĴֻȨȡ
ðɣȥҶ裬ýѵѵĶ
֮ʥĪ´ſڡ
ǶõʥĪϢĵһʱ䣬һ
ʥĪ̤´֮󣬶еӭ˹֪Īʥݹ٣ʧԶӭ
裬ʥĪ껹
һ裬ʥĪͲһ
֮Ȼ˵԰ʱƵԭ򣬵ȻټĴͳ˻ҵӥȮҸܣֱ
ҶӢҲ㱻ˡ
֮ǰæһֱûҶʡ
ʱʥĪһ̧һƾ˹ȥɵĺ¡
ʥĪİƣͫһ׼Ұô˭Ҫƣ
ʷϣҵʥ
š
ʥĪһƣƼ򵥵һƣȴ޿ɶ㣡
һɲǣһᡣ
Ͱˡ
⼸찤İƻ
Ϊ벽컯ָˣտ»ûȥء
ҲڴʱУͻȻ両ϲɫ
˸ŵָͻȻʥĪ֣סʥĪ
ʥĪֻһ񣬾ָûм鶫ӡ
Ϊϣܹסˣ࣡
ܹڳֵģ͸ˡ
תͷɲǣʥĪ¶Ȼ֮ɫ˾
ĪʥôĻ˯ô꣬Ƣһû䰡
֪Ҷⲻĺ󱲣ôĪʥˣȻĪʥһ棬Ҫ׼ӣ˾ЦŴʥĪ߽´ֻǣĻЦص룬Ī֮⡣
ʲôʱ򱻻ѵģʥĪʡ
Ұ
˾ЦҵѰһԪԪԳټͻƵĿܡ
Ծһֱûг˯Ѱͻơ
뿴Ԫľ֮ǰܲͻƵ
˾ĻʥĪ԰ⶫ˾Ҳһػѣڲܾĳˡ
ʥĪҲףŶ˾ĳ֣ôѵ£¾Ҫˡ
˾ôɵĳ֣϶ǶģԾֱ⡣
׼һ£Ҫ붯Ȩ飬ͨɽ顣


2885 ˾֮
붯飿
׼Щ⣬֪ĪʥҪ붯ɽ鹵ͨʲô
Щ£Ҫɽȷһ¡ʥĪ˵
ȵȨ鹵ͨ
ĪʥҪɽȷʲô˾ֱӴ˶Ļ
ڶ˾ѯʣʥĪҲûй鿴һЩ걻ʥļ¼ȷһ˯еʥľĿ
Ŀͼ¼ڲǶȷļ𣿡˾üͷ΢壬ΪʲôҪ飿
Ҫٴȷһ¡
ٴȷû⣬ɽƢӦҲ˵ģԵ޹ʵĴŵ˯»
ߣ飬ɽҲһᡣ˾˵
ҪԹ˲֪ĿǰֵܱսΣ֮ʣμأ룬ɽһظġʥĪ˵
ȻĪʥ֣Ǿ԰ɡ˾һ۶裬æȥͨȨ顣
뿪˾ĪҲֱʥĪûһ˾㶫ҵļҷҼǵҲɣô֪ǼĶ˳
˾û˵ֻǾĿʥĪڴġ
˽˶λԵɣʵ۵֧йأǣⲻΪӥȮԭ򣡡
Դˣ˾˵ͷǰЩӱؾҲ֪Щ
ѾѵˣȷˣԺĵġ˾仰ǽ֮ǰĹҹȥˡ
УĹͷӲʥĪ궢Ŷ˾˵
ӦǳĬͷΣǶȥͷ̫ˣʥĪ˵
ģĹͷѾҴ飬ٳãͻúӲӲ˾ʥĪ˵
ĻҾͷˡ
Ĺͷġ
ã
Σڶ˾ʥĪ֮ĶԻУˡ
ԭǶ˾֣һãܾҪ׼֮λ
ʥĪȻûֱӷ׼ȨȴӰȨ̶׼
˾ȻݱĪ˵㣬ʵǵĳɾͣĪĪƽȶԻʸ
öһ١
ԼĪʱ֮ȥĶʥĪĿɨ˹ȥΣ
ЩεҡҡͷĪʥȨȵϵɽ飬˵Եɣⶼʱˣɽûκζɽ鲻Ըᡣ
ԣʥĪüͷԸ᣿ô˵ģ
ҾͰĪʥԣĿǰǴսսΣ֮ʣ컯֣Ҫٴȷ˯ʥĿ
ǣɽǱߣһֱûлӦ
˵ĻĿѾˣɽûӦ
ɽԸ˯ʥĪҲȻˡ
ȻҲɽԸԣɽá
죬ٳһΣнˣ֪ͨҡ
ǡ
΢΢ͷ֮ʣʥĪŶ˾˹֣뿪ˡ
ʥĪ뿪֮ʱ붫˾ֱߵľң󣬶ῪڣڣҰķԸûϵɽ顣
ţغȨȣĪʣӦ
֪ˣֻʲô
㲻Ҫ֪
˵˾ͻȻͱĪĻûУĹͷͦӲһ㣡
ԼӲôҲ⽫ȫĹͷöϼΣܲӲ
ڣףһġϻ̳Ͽ֡
ţȥɡ
뿪֮󣬶˾һ򣬾ͷ˳ȥ˿һĻĻͻ֣ᷢ˾ǡް֡

ħ񹬡
֪ħʦϣľǰӰϢոճ֣֪ħʦϣ
üĿ𣿡
ʦʱûС
ΪΣ
漰Ķܹ࣬ӴǸ鱨ģĵˡ
Ŀǰĵԣûзκһڼɡ˵
Դһħ񹬵ɱС⵽ֻħ컯ҹֻӻأνʧء
ҹȴһҪ鱨Ҷǰ׼ǵ鱨й¶ˡ
ҪȻҶôôɵô̵ʱڽʥӥ˽й
֮ħڲڼ飡
ԣ֪ħʦϣԸȥг顣
ΪԭħڲǼٳڼģƼ亱
Ҳûй
Բ
ûС֪ħʦϣûеĻϢ©ģ
ɫʦʵ漰ĶǾӢõֶޣĿǰҲڼ⣬ӻһ뷨
˵
ʦڼ˵᲻ҹΪΡΪʧҵĽأ˵
ܡ
˵֪ħʦϣ̾һи˻
ôҲиΪҶҲһħڲ˼ϸ
ϣ˵ࡣ
в̽ɣϢرҡ
ͽˣʦǱˣ̸̸Ҷ顣ǵ˼жԸҶķ˵
Ǿ̸ɣֻҪȷжԸҶ棬ôͿ֪ħʦϣ˵
ͽףͽȥ졣


2886 
ռǰһһǺɫ䣬ڷ̶ٵĳ֮󣬺ݺݵײ˿ռϡ
ֻǳôʱҶ棬ҵλ䣬ֻϢɱƣ
ҶоԼ˫ۣѾԸˡ
һ졣
ʮʱڣҶ˶ټ䣬ԼҲˣһָʱ⣬еġ
ҵλû䣬Ҳƣޱȡ
ڼ֣
ź俪νϹŷʱ̡
˵ǰ㲻˵ˣôûƿռڣҶ濴Ԫ鰢ĿǳĲơ
Ԫ鰢Сצ̯һ£Ҷϴ֪ģԽԽǿ󡣵ڣ߲ռľһֽһ
ǣһֽһĿռҪǵˮĥ򡣡
ԴˣҶҲûƢΪҶԪ鰢˵ȫʵ
Ԫ鰢ԣʣһ㴰ֽˣֻҪȥչͱơ
Ҷ˼䣬ͻȻģһһĪϯ飬ڵĿռ䣬ٴ˷չȥ
һΣࡣ
ҶɨһΣҶоڲռĹ
Ȼ˵ҶĿƣҶ˲Ϣκһڡ
ҶԺУҲ÷ǳ
Ӷǧ
Ҷ֮ǰѻɽʣ˿̸ռ䣬һСڵһ
ؿռˣ
˻۵ļԼ˫ۣҶλ˻֣ˡ
Ϊʹ£ࡣ
ҶЦţֵԸ͵ɡ
ûֻӵλԣԸϲĶû֮һ
ȿ԰ǹ̻Ԫ飬ֿԴһ̶׳ǵ
лʹ
лҶ棬ȻѾǵһյҶʹµԸǺܸˡ
һΣǾϲ
һٵΡ
ÿһٵԸ
ЧʱһҲǶʮԸѡ
Ҷ֮Ǿ͵ǵǽҶȥԸ˽ｻ
ˣһͷϻһҶд鷳ҶСġ
ʵԴǲҪԣҶǾ͵ʱǻǺġ
˾͵ҶĴµԸҶȴǲ鿴ʱռ䡣
Ҷ֪ؿռƿ֮󣬾ʲô仯ܸʲôĺô
һȦҶЩʧķ֣ռڲûʲôı仯
գҶ潫䵽ʱռڡ
ռ䶼ûб仯Ļôؿռ֮󣬱仯ֻܳʱռڡ
һҶʹ߶ʱռ䣬һʱռ֮⡣
Ϣ֮Ҷüͷûб仯
ҶԤ֮Уռƿ֮仯ʱռڵĻôӦļٴλ
֮ǰʱռڿʱٰٱôҶۣһΣӦʱǧ
Ȼ˵ĿǰҶԣҷޱȵĶͨ
ǣȴԡ
һ꣬ʱռھ൱һǧ꣡
ʲô
ֻҪųʯҶʮ츳ƽսȥһ֮ãҲпܵõʮ۷ǿߡ
ֻҪ̫ʮ۷ǿߵУּܻʮϰٸ
һ룬ξͺֲܿ
൱Ҷǿ
Ҷٷŷһңʱռӡ
ľӷŽʱռڣһǧļʱ£Ҫһ꣬ҲֻҪ죬ѵһޱȵĴ
ǣҶԤеһǧļʱûг֡
ãҶҲûзʱռı仯ĿٴοԪ鰢
ô£ؿռƿ鵽ʲô
ٺ٣Ҷϴ󣬾ʱռʱԪ鰢˵
ҶȻԹˣһٱûб仯
ԣԪ鰢ٺٵЦ㷴ԡ
ԣʲô˼
߶ʱռ䡣
ҶȻ̫ףǰԪ鰢˵ŷ߶ʱռ䡣
ͻȻ䣬Ҷоܱ͵һͣеһУ÷ǳ
ǶԪ鰢ϵı飬Ȼ
Ҷ۾͵صɴ󣬡ǡʱ򣿡


2887 
ʮļʱ
ؿռƿ֮õ
ľϲʧ
ΪҶ˴ʱ֮󣬷ʮʱƺûɶô
ļʱҶ٣Ҷڶʱĵ¡
ҶЧѲ񽫣Ǽġ
Ǽʱأ
ʮ꣬ʱռڲŹһꡣ
Ҷ˰죬ƺֻбӳӻƷˡ
һҪֻһ¶ǽʱռ֮ȴܽʱʮ
Ԫʊ¡ʱռɻüʱ֮󣬿ԱԪ
֮⣬Ҷʱûзá
ϸоһ֮Ҷ滹ͷʧ
Ѿõؿռƿ֮ƺʵá
̾һҶξͳڰؿռ֮ǰ
ĿռڵļʱֱʮǺһٱôǲǾͿ˵ʱռļУҲӦʮһٱ
֮ڰؿռƿ֮õʱռļʱٱ
ʮҲûɶЧٰٱҶ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷڰؿռƿûжڴˡ
Ҷֻ룬ھؿռݡҲһؿռݣƿ֮ʲô仯أ
ʲôأ
ֻڴڴҶλƿؿռݵ״Ҷλûʮ᳤Ҫƿڰؿռݣѹܡ
ʱ˿̣Ҷƿؿռ֮󣬴ʵĿԣûˡ
̾һҶҪ뿪
ɾڴʱһ̾ͻأն
ǳն
Ҷ淴ӦԪ鰢Ⱦͷӵ
ͷ
Ԫ鰢еͷӣȻָҶʦ½롣
ҶҲһ棬ĿѲǰÿһռ䣬Ҫҳ½Ӱڡ
һ⣬ͻȻʹҶǰ΢ϢҶԪ鰢ͬʱʧ
л꣡
½µһƲлꡣ
Ȼǲл꣬Ҷ滹ǹŸոջΪ½Ӱһ񣬡ʦͽ޶ۣʦʾ¡
ննӵɽ֪½ٴ
ӵɽ֪ʦָ
ն֪ǿϰطʲô
ǿϰط
Ҷ˵꣬½ʱ䣡
䣬ǿطʱ䷨Ҳյʱ䷨򡣡
Ҷʱŷ֣ǰʦ½룬ƺԹԵ
ҶԪ鰢һۣо˿ɬ֮⡣
ǰ½л꣬л궼㲻ϣֻһӡֻǰ½ǰ˼ԹԵҶǽɡ
ʱ䷨Ƕǿռ׷Ϊ˵ʱ䣬͵һС
ʱ䷨ϰŶѣ˵ˡ
նһǽʱռļٺͼͨطˡ
ʦô֪Ҷһ仰ѿڶʡǰ½һֻᴫѶϢĲлꡣ
ʵʱռʱٺͼ
ԸĸӦʱ֮š
סʱٺͼٱ֮䣬дأ
ءָո˵꣬ʦ½Ʋл꣬ͳɢˡ
Ҷų½ɢĵط˹֣лʦָ㣡
ͷɲǣͿԪ鰢⸡֣ȥ顣
ҶͻȻʹסˡ
Ԫ鰢壬᣿
ޣҲᡣ
ڣԪ鰢ȷʵˮ֡
ʵˣҶ澪
Ԫ鰢ɿȥ۽ǵˮ͵˵ͷҲؿռƿһջԺҵж͸ӵɣӳҲ͸ǿˡ
šҶͷ֮࣬Ȼղſˣʲô
Ԫ鰢һҿһ£Цҿ𣿴үôܿޣ
ЦģЦ㱿Цģ
Ԫ鰢ǣǿĽͣҶĬȻ
ʵԪ鰢ΪʲôޣҶѾ֪ˡ
ΪڷţԪ鰢Ѿȷ½ˣ׵ɢˡ
һ˿˿дĿԶûˡ
ҪȻŵĲлͲֻһδѶϢĲлꡣ
Ҷ治֪Ԫ鰢ʦ½꣬һ
޾Ϳ޳ɡҶԪ鰢ͷ;ʱռ밴ʦ½ָʾӦʱ䷨
󣬴Ԫ鰢˺εĿ


2888 
ء
ڱһ޴ķ籬
ⳡ籬ԭǾеسǰ߽죬^ĻӼԨ߻Ӽأͬ˾³ߡ
жϴھ蹩Ӧ¶սսܴ죬˴ʧأʵ֮ӣ󳹲飡
ݵ౨ֱؽյСᣬ⼸յĲʹս¸ȫ˳
ʮһգҲǰŸųֵսһǰӦ˴ʯʸʧδ¹Ӧȱ
û㹻ļʸѹƻһĽ̶һ忴Ӿ費㡣
һľʦһ㶼
󣬱һ幥˴Ӫʧء
Ҳҿ龭ḻԤϵһܣ׼ҪȻ㲻ȫ𣬿¶ʱҲнһ
߻ӊضԸҲ⡣
ƤѪǳѶԸͨļʸ˵ǣһ嵽ǰʿֲЩ侪˵Ķ֣ԶھеǴеʸ
ǣһ߻ӊʸȻ˲
ݵɲûʸ
߻ӊģ඼ǵطӣҪԿǿޱȵҪ̾е֮
ȻȻģ߻ӊΪеԭ򣬱ܣʧء
ңǾе߻ӊȱˡ
߻ӊݴӵطҪȻҪˡ
һս߻ӊµطʧʮ࣬Ϊ˶Ϻ󣬊طزȥϺսߴ
սЪؾͺ޲ûظת˾е˾ͷƴ
ִ֮󣬺òײΪӪһһɱЩƤȻͿԻСʤΪʤû뵽ȴ˺ϡ
һսͽ֮ǰ۵ȫɥʧ
ֹ߻ӊأĻӊԨ^ľ蹩Ӧжϡ
ֻǸͳ˧͵̲ͬ
^ϼ޻֮ǰҪľǳģԸҲҵӰ첢̫
Ͳˡ
ʧͬǸսͳ˧ΪⲦϹܵʧ
ŭ֮£ȻҪϹԭ
ܹɭϣתУʧն
ִľϹԵ޹ʵĳ֡
һ飬Щͳ˧ıӶ챻ˡ
Ѳ˾ˣ
Ѳ˾ת˾е˾˸׳죬һ޴̰Ѱת˾е˾ǷеƷĹԱ˴
תеתˣȻ̱ˡ
˾³ȴǽײѰǲ˵ġ
ǣϾ蹩Ӧ飬㳣ʶ֪ġ
ڲ˾ת˾е˾⴦Ѱͬʱ˾³߻һЩĹԱоеתˣǴ
ԲҲϾ蹩Ӧ
Ǿ蹩ӦôͶأ
ȥ֣˾³ȷʵԼԣȻ˾ת˾е˾Ѱ˾Ա£־ת˵ġ
Ϊ֤
ֻǣ˾³µ־ת˵ĹԱȻˣ
ݺһĹԱϢԸ˸ֵط
ԭת˾е˾ĹԱû£ڵһʱ䱻Ȼȡ
ǣת˾е˾ѰҪԱȫߣĻ̡̻
ʱµĹԱûʧˣԱΪҲˡ
ЩԱżµģҲΪݵľ޴࣬ϱš
ת˾ˡ
ֱԺ󣬱ɱĹԱʬ屻ϱ̲ӡ
ֻһ˵ʲôˡ
Ҳϵĳ죡
߾ϵʊ¡·ĳﳳĲɿˮĭӶ絽˴˾³ϡ
˾³Ѿһˮա
϶ģѲ˾߻죬еġ
ˮ
Ǵ˾³߱ųĺˮ
ףôͳ˧س֮£׶༪١
ģȺЩĹǣӿһʊ¡˾ĲĴ˾³ߡ
ʊ¡ֿ˻
Ȩ
νȨƽ֮
ǳһģûʵʲôˡ
ȻҪǣսսʧٴζʧʊ¡ĵ顣
Ҫ˵˾³߰ŵǼ־ת˵ĹԱôģ
Ȼʊ¡ܳ֡
Լ˶ûиǼʱξת˵ĹԱҪԣ˵ħɱˡ
Ȼħʲˡ
ôСøսս³֮ƣʊ¡Ŀġ
־ޡָ״̬ʵ̫ˡ
⼸ս֮£ʊ¡ѾԵĸоһĺת
ȺӿȺʊ¡ǿةŸٺ̲飬ة࣬޼ǵ³ϹһҪת˾е˾ԱϾ蹩Ӧıӣةм䣿
ةŸһͻȻһǰǷݺܲ۵ıۣ鸡ֳһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
̲ҲȻֻܴر£ȷд¡
Ǭڣİ
ΣةŸٲŵ£ȷд£³ˣɴҲʵ
ţȷʵˣ
˵ͷʊ¡ֱ壬˶³ߵĴã³Ϊ飬ǰŲܣΪħϸã¾תжϣ´һá


2889 ʱǰ
ڴ˾³ߵĴã˵Ǹ߸߾¡
һسǲ
ǰߵĽǣǲ⡣
Ȼ˵Ľǣ˾³ʹְҲҲ֤ɽĿĵ̰жϻΪħϸֵԭ
ǣǰսʿÿһʻѪ⡣
ǰߵĽ˧ǣĿЩʻѪǰģǶسϵľԣЩʿҲֻһ֡
˾³߱ǰߣܻᱻЩŭĽ˧Ǹˡ
ࡣ
ԣȫˡ
ϾسԣةŸٿ˾³ߵûдֻ˵ѡ
ֻǣ˾³ԼȴŻˡ
ΪҪǰδ˾Ԥĺ󳾣ն̨һˡ
ٺĴ˾³ߣȴûжңֻимӦʊ¡ĸĹذ
һǰʱʊ¡Ҫ£ʱûоıжôҪ
£ȴǱסСĹؼ
ҪȻܵسǣԻĿ޳ٷͽֻ֪ӥȮĴ˾˺ɷ顣
ǻʵ۶ðҪǻʵ۵ѣܾն̨ˡ
δ˾³ǻŶʊ¡ָм뿪ػʹֻǸм֮࣬³ȴһֵֹֹĸо
оʊ¡ѣƺе׼˽ĸо
ң³֮Բ蹩Ӧʊ¡ʾ¡
ƺһжʊ¡˼
³ߵĸоУսͬʱΪ˴⣬ǻʵƺûô
ǵɡ

Ŀǰͬʱеսʮദ塢塢һ塢һ塢ˮ塢ʥӥ塢һ塢һ壬ݵ·ħԼڽµĴŶŵħ
ԭսΪʥĪҶĳ֣ħ幥ƣΪ蹩ӦϿԭôܾӵķûиϡ
˵˾³Ͼ蹩Ӧһ£սܵ˻ٵӰ죬øոתսƣ˽һá
ܵةŸΪ׵سǣһνͷö뷨跨Ա
ֻɸΪ֮˵ƵģΣ֪

ռУҶʱռڿţ
ʦ½һƲлָ㣬Ҷéٿ
ʱռڵʱ仯ʦ½ʱ䷨򣬶
ǰѻƽʯͷá
Ҳ
ʦ½˵ʱ䷨ĵһ㣬ǸʱĿ仯
ֻиܵʱĿ仯пʱ䷨·ǰ
ܣһӲ򼸰ǧ꣬޷ܵʱĿ仯һҲԵʱ䷨
ʱռļʱʱ򣬾ܹİҶܵʱı仯
ʦָ㣬ʱռɱҶģʱ䷨Ӧ˳µ顣
ãʵܹǸС
ʱѹ£ҶԼʱռڿģۻѾˡ
ǣҶûиܵʱĿ仯
ʱ䣬޴ڡ
ÿʱỵ̈ʱ䶼ڣȴ޴ҡ
ڣţƺֲһ
һڵĶҶθܵ
ȥܵĿ仯
Ҷܲ
꣬Ҷܲʱˡ
Ҷһħĸо
󣬰ԪСʱ𣿡
ʱռ䣬͵Ҷһ±ģ
϶ʱ䰡Ԫ档
𣿡
ҳҿ
ޱȼеҵʱ⣬׳ʲôҶģЩ
ԪȴǱҶɵˣ֪Դ
ʱȷʵУǳʲôҲ˵
һŷµİԪͷӵʱˣҲɵ
ţԪȻס
ָˣͷӵʱ䷨ʱ㻹ڡ
ĻҶȤʦʱ䷨˶ã
ã
°ɣЩ̫ȷͲʱ䷨򡣡
вԲοҶ˲Ϣ˾񣬡ôģ
Դѡ

ҲȥŲ򿴿
Ҷôһ˵ȴֹ˰£ȻǲݴûõŵĺɽѾûˡ
Ҷ汾ʦ½ʱ䷨ľһ£û뵽ȴ˰¡
֮Ԫ鰢ŵͷӲʱ䷨ĵطûκ֮
Ǻɽһ䡣
ͷ֮ĵһȫȥٵʮ꣬õһٰʮꡣ
ǿһٰʮ꣬˵ǲʱ䷨ˣʱĿûи֪
ԣʱ䷨ϣȫǿˡԪ鰢˵
ҶĬȻ
ʱ˿̣Ҷ֪˲ʱ䷨Ѷȡ
ʦµ״ӣȫǾž֮Ŀһٰʮ꣬˵ʱ䷨򣬾ʱĿûи֪
ǺεȵĲпᡣ
εȵѣ
ͨطֻҪŬͻջ
ʱ䷨һȴû˵Ŭǧ꣬ʱҲǰ׷ѹ
һΣҶڲʱ䷨ûġ
ʦûĵʱ䷨·ָʲô
У
˵
ͷ˵ʱǰ
ҶֱӽԪ鰢һͨʹ죬˵˸û˵һ
мѶмѶˡͨԪ鰢Ϊ˰ҶＱæ˵


2890 ħ
ҶҲû뵽̶µʱ䣬Ĵ½ƣ񻯵̶ֳȡ
Ҷʱ䷨֮ǰĴ½Ȼ̴ÿһսϴڿɿصĳ̶ȡ
սϣģҲǿסսƣΪһģʼˡ
Ƕ̶µʱ䣬еսڰʧص״̬
һģ^еսҲڿ
һеһУΪǰǳжϵıʡ
һжϣ˴ȫеսشʧ
ڴܱȫ߳Խ£սıһִʧͼѻò䡣
ҲΪսŲʧ
ٻҶļѶʥĪģʊ¡ġ
Ҷ滹ΪΪսµ˼ؼʱ̣ʊ¡׼򺣾ˡ
û뵽ʥĪ꼱Ҷת
ʥĪһķ߿̶£ۻʧ˽֮أֱҴǰδеĳ衣
ԴˣҶĬȻٷŭΡ
۹ĵȨƺż
ԲȥˣԲˡʥĪһżȥܾ֮Σˣ
ҶЩʥĪ˼ˣĪʥ˵ɣҪô
򺣾
ұ۴ĿǰܹǿսľӣΨµ򺣾򺣾ս˵ͿԳɨһս̻ܵƣ£򺣾սʥĪ˵
ҶһΣĪʥԸ⶯򺣾Ҳû취
ԹˣʥĪüͷ΢
֮ǰȫʱԹˡѹûж򺣾˼Ҫ㿴һڴʱôôСҶʼ
ʥĪĳ˼С
벻ףʊ¡Ϊʲô򺣾أ
ʊ¡򺣾ȱǿʥĪ꣬ҲûκζԲߡ
֮ǰʥĪ굱ʊ¡棬Ū˴ʦ档
ǣʹȨѧݳδʦ棬ݲȥġ
򺣾Ĺ£ǵȨȨʥĪǿƣҲûκΰ취
򺣾˽жѹܡ
ǧжͬı
ң򺣾ҪսҪͨϹŲ󣬶ҪͨϹŲ󣬾ͱҪʥּ;Ĺط޷ϹŲ
ʥĪЩ쿴Ŵܵľƣ١
ԪõڣҪػһĴܣһԨǾһּµļ尾
оôôܵľƣҵƾֵ㣬æҶ棬ȴûκô
ʧ֮£ʥĪ飬ͻȻͱήȥ˾Ǳȥ˾һҶ۲ѡ
ʥĪľսϾʱǺεȵİεȵ緢
λִ񽫣ɱ仨ˮ
ɴʱȴΪԽԽõս£´ˣҶ濴ţۡ
һҶ׼һƻ˵
ĪʥҪȥһ£Ҫһ
ʲô£ʥĪʵ
ħΪɱңɳλ컯񽫣ʮλ컯ĺݣᣬļʱҲһˡ
ⳡӣҪǲһҲ˵ȥ˵ǲǣ
ҶĻ˵꣬ʥĪ۾ˣ˲ϢҶ˼
ս£һĸ֣Ӱ첻սƵġ
һ˫Ķࡣ
е۷壬ҲС
۷ǿޱȣߵĵ۷޷սʤ㣬Ҳס㡣
һУǾ
ԣںĴ½ϣ߸ʵǿ󣬵ҲֻǾսʤһССء
ǣҶ治һ
Ҷ棬һ©һĴڡ
ӵնɱ컯˵˵
֮£컯֮£һһ
ӵĿԴջǿµ
˼ֻһܵΣգܻ
пħ岻ϧһд۶Ը㡣ʥĪ˵
ⲻڱ𣿡ҶЦңħΪɱңѾλ컯ʮλ컯ˣѾǲֶˡ
Ҫǲɱȥǻ浱ġ
ã
ʥĪӦĺܼ㾡֣ܳ컯֮£ģ컯ϣң
ã
ʵħһ£ҶڼƻֻǱͻȻֵʦ½µйʱ䷨һ¸жˡ
ҶҲѾףʱ䷨һ£һ͵ģôħһ£ճ̡
Ҷ滹ʥĪ꣬жɡ
һʱ䣬ҶʥĪͳս
֮ǰҶʥĪսնɱħλоܹܣնɱ֪ħʦ֮֮Χ⡣
ǽ£ħʶ̫׷ѾѾƣʣǻڿ֧š
Ҷսĵһʱ䣬ɱ˳ʮλħ彫졣
ϧǣҶ浹ǿҵڴеħʶ̫׷գϢǱӽħʶ̫׷մǿ֮ڡ
Ҷħʶ̫׷յİоųɣɱİգֻɲ
ǣɱħʶ̫׷֮ҶӳĻʣȴɡ
գҶѡɧս
̶̰֮ڣСèҶ棬תսݡԼݵħţɱħи߼һٶʮˡ
Ȼû֮ǰʥĪһһٽΧһ̶ϣȴ˴ܾӵѹ
Ϣħ壬ħʰŭֱħ´Ҷ棡


2891 ת
ħƶȣģ´ġ
ڹϣľ£ħʼµĳ佫𣬷ǳħ񹬸ˡ
ԣħʰ껻ֱħ񹬽Ҷ档
ħʹߴ֪ħʦϣҲûκξܾȨ
οҲħĿǰҪ
˵ҶֻҪţħ񹬵ĳ裡
λ컯񽫣ʮλ컯ˣֻһλŹûħʵħҲ֡
ûдͷĿܣ⣬֪ħʦϣ𣬡ܹҶͷԴܾʿĴ֮Ĵ
⣬֪ħʦϣĴӰҡҡͷʦĿǰûܣӰħ֪̽Ҷ֮⣬ǿ컯Ϣ
ǿʥڰн䱸Է컯ĴΥ֡
컯Ӱħأ֪ħʦϣٴʵ
ʦѾˣ컯Ӱħ֣ɹĿԸߴɣȴоųɵĿʧһλ컯Ӱħ˵
̫ˡ
ԭƻ£Ķɡ
ǣͽȥš

ҶɧսǷǳɹġ
̶̼Ҷ͸ħս˼ź鷳
˵һ죬Ҷ滹ɱħ彫Ϊ
ôӵڶ쿪ʼɧźˡ
Ϊʲôô˵أ
һ
ħһλ죬Ҷ䣬ֻҪһͻᱻɱ
Ҷ͵ϮħȻȫ׼׼һ֧ǿĵ˶飬ֻҪҶͿڼ̵ʱȥΧҶ档
ǣҶ治ǻᡣ
ûһ㣬ÿγֻ֣һȻ󻹲ħĵӢСӸϹʧˡ
ɱģֻһм죬мҲǣȴħ˼Ŀֻš
ħĸ߼죬ȫҶһ䱬ˡ
ħʶ̫׷ħ̫ӴƣıҶƵ˵ص׵
Ҷ֮£һɱĻʲ󣬵ǣǵݣҶġ
˧ƵĶ㵽˵صףħıƿ֪
սĴܾӣҲᣬⱦʱ䣬¼ɱ
ҵǣ˼죬ħڵħ񹬵ʹߡ
ųƿԳ׽Ҷʹߡ֪ħʦѣ
ħΪ˶ԸҶ棬һ֪ħʦ˵˵֪ħʦϣִµر
ȻϢħʶ̫׷աħ̫ӴƵ֪
ֻǣȱν֪ħʦϣִ¿ԸɵҶرҲôҶʩչſԡ
ǣӵڶ쿪ʼҶͻͣһУʱԶݡ
ħĵǣûзյط
ҶӳֵߣһߣһɲǵĹѹǷյĻᡣ
ǰգҶֲ֡
״̬£֪ħʦϣ֪ħʦѣҲˡ
գħʶ̫׷պ̫Ӵ֮󣬾һĴۣɱҶ档
ۣһħĸ߼졣
ħս֯һιսսһλ߼ָӣ֪ħʦѽȴҶ档
ǣȴǳϡ
֪ħʦϣħڵȴҶ汻ϢȴյҶսϢ
Ҷɱʮŵһشڻ֮󣬴뿪
ս˴֪ħʦȻ֡
λѾ׼ħ߼죬ϲ֮£ȴǷŭ֡
Ӷϴɾˣȴɱʲô
ŭ֮£λħĸ߼죬´˳֮ǵ
ֻһǡ
Ǵʱ뿤ڵĴܰգȴа֮ޡ
գǲûдɡ
յҶնɱݻشڻϢ֪֮ħʦѾļƻʧܣʹ뿪׼ƶƻ
û뵽Ҷȴɱһǹ
ͻأĳ֣һɱħ彫졣
ټ֮£Ǿӳױˡ
ÿһȥһħ彫챻ɱ˭ðͷָӣ
ټ֮󣬿ڱʱҶʧӰ١
յϢص֪ħʦѿĴıס
һΣħ񹬵֪ħʦϣ࣬ʶҶѲ
Ҷ治ϵתսս
ʱһ֮תսսʱתսһս
ǣҶĸսĸսʿͻǣսⷽľսͻ쭣Ҷֻһ
ҶѾһģǴܾӵһ
żҶ滹ܳ䲻ɱһλ߼ͳ˧˴ش
£ܸսԭѾõս£漣ıŤת
Ťת˲࣬ű˷
ͻȻͺת
ֻսϵһתЩ˾סˡ


2892 
סģȻʊ¡
ʊ¡Ŀܼ򵥣ȶʧؼȻոʧؿ٣ɾҵ
ڣһʧأͽеķġ
Դˣʊ¡ѵʶһʧ·ĽУģ˴ܵĹģȨ
֪ǾѲ˾ؼرȥĴӡҲǻϵĳӣ˺ܶࡣ
һơ
ŲٳӶʵѾʧˡ
һֹԭаеʊ¡ż
صĳǣء
ôʱܵս·ģȻ˵ÿһսµʧʊ¡бƺ߾ʊ¡ûʲôϵǣ˭˵ȫûκιϵأ
һУʊ¡ͳ³ֵģΡ
ʊ¡ķ֣Ƕʵ۵֧Ѿҡˡ
һǳΣյźš
ԣѲ˾Ҷһһսһһǰ߽ݱʊ¡Цĺϲ£죬డ
ĸǷȴûкʵİ취
ʊ¡һǿ׶ˡ
һ֣ǶĵλȨԹƵӰ졣
ͻȻ䣬ʊ¡ˡ
ʊ¡ģӦþ´ʦġ
Ǿ´ʦ棬ôٿԽԸҶ档
Ȼ˵ʊ¡ȷ϶Ҷжû˴ʦͨһ֪
Σֻڻʹ
ضΪҶսǰߵĽݱû׶ػʹȴӰУѹ֣Щ̽
̶̰ʱ䣬ȱеڼ빬ŮȻ

ͬڷĻľ
ܾӽݱոʧأյͽĿ½Ѿյͽ˴ȵʧ
ܵİգѾϰʽͶݼֻսȡ
սϢһȻת԰ǰƽؽ԰
ûսͿѵѹȣͽݼ˼ϣ˼Ӧֻһ硢Сݣݣһݡ
һ㣬ÿջԸֱ۵ġ
⻹սƲŸոתǳȥּݻֱӼʧʲôˡ
ż֪
Ȼ˵ʱͽջԸܶ࣬˶డ
ôͷģ϶Ǽλ棬Ȼ컯컯ˣҪһȥ¾ӸλõҲ̫ࡣ
ԣջԸĿȼٵʱ򣬾ͷˡ
ħȫǷ𣿶ôˣûʰǸ𣿡
һ𣬸µ妾סˣϸħǱ߹ͨ
ͨĽҲܼ򵥣ħǱߣʱ̵ʰҶ档
Ҷ̫ƻˣҶ档
дӾõĶҲʩչĻС
ҶѹʩչĻᣬÿζһ֮Զǧ
Ǽʱ̵ʩչ֪ħʦѣƣڱôҲ׷ҶĽŲ
£ħٵѹҲǳľ޴
Ϊǰߵħʶ̫׷Ѿų˺ݻˣħٲܽҶ棬ֻܳˡ
ʿû˿٣һߺϸĽ죬ȴҪսʱ
ʱǰǰʧѾħʶ̫׷µĽʧﵽһֲĳ̶ȣʿҲ͵һ͵ĳ̶ȡ
ʵⲻħʶ̫׷вħ񹬣ʵ
ٳȥսûκͳɹħʶ̫׷Ҳû㹻Ľ޷ս
ħ̫ӴǱҲòȥ
һΣħ̫ӴƸħʶ̫׷վһսϣٲܽҶ棬Ҳֻ˱ˡ
Դˣħ֪ħʦѹɽ
ٲܽҶ棬ôħò״Ĵսܾͻ
Ȼ˵ϣħʶ̫׷̫ӴƣЩŵġ
Ҷһˣܴ򼸸
ؼв
ֻҪһָսÿһλħĽ죬
ħĽǣͷǴಢвȴħĽһĻ̻̣˭ҲԸΪһù
һ󲿷־ڱϣָսϾħ̫Ӵ´ҲޱȵСġ
ָӶҪ͵͵սжٵʤ㣿
ֵҶնʽɧս´ΪѣҶĴҲޱȵļ
廹ħ壬ߣѾҵӦҶɧսķ
ҶԲСģп˵ΧΧߡ
ҶɧսʵʩԽԽѡ
д͡鱨֧֣ҶѾˡ
ħҲǺƣдɱȴƫƫˣ
ͽκΣ
ȴǸż
ȥôܻƽϢսң׼ôļƻûг׿ʼʧˣ
ͨħ񹬣ħ񹬵ĻشҲίҶ̫СˣûģʵҲᡣ
ûлᣬǾʹᣡ
Ҳᣬĺѣ
ǿһ̶ǣ


2893 ʦ
ôħ壿
ʵҲܡ
ʥĪġ
ʵʵ϶ԣԼڵҪǿġ
Ϊó
ʮ˶컯ˣ컯񽫣
컯컯ΪȱԸԭԴݽ߶˰˯ͳ˯ٻţ컯ǲӵġ
Ҫ֪ЩԸĲڲӵģȻɲ֣ܹάĵ컯ȴԽԽࡣ
ʥأ
Ԫȴ޵ġ
Щ겻ϵм˾ڳΪʥʱţϵԪﵽ޵ʥȥ󲿷ֵʥѡǰ˯ԱΪȼĹԡ
һһעᳬ
ʵҲЩԽԽ޼ɵԭ򣬾ΪĻۺ׷ΪǵѾȳ
۵ǣΪóٵΣͷȥƴ
ʥǣЩ˯ʥǣһ֮ʱ޶ࡣ
ƴһΨֲ񣬾ҲҪ汳ġ
ԣĳԽĲҸʥƴ
һò׵ĳȥķһĽ֮ƴ˭Ը⣿
ԣһʥĪĳ֣Сģһצ˻ȥԽ磬Ҷڵķ
ȻԽ磬Ǿûа취ħ塣
Ҫ֪֮Ͷһòԡѹ
ԣںܳܳһʱڣֵܴ֧ģ֮ںܳһʱڵĹ֮һǴѹ
ҲЩŶԴܳõ͸ôѹĹ߽ޣǰӿɲ
ǣڽıǿ󣬴ܺĳ£ܳǿģǻۣ
ƻɲһջ
ԣħһʵ壬ҲǺ޼Ҷ棬ɵǣеĺ壬ıƵ֮һ
һϣħ֪֮
ħ嵱ҲߣҲϼ޻֮оս񣬵Ǳ嵱еٮٮߣҪˡ
ν˵ĵˣѡ
ںܶǰħйԣ֪ħʦѾʹħ񹬵ݡ
ĿǰȫȻռˡ
֮ǰڲ¾蹩Ӧϡ
ǸսӰĳ̶ȴֲһ
ս^Ļӡ߻ͳ˧սȻ蹩ˣ⼸λĴ󣬼ҵ׷⼸λȥսʱ˽ġ
ؼʱ̣Ϊʧ⼸λԸļҵס
սŸųͲһˣеҵףҲûȡ
οһųս
ؼʱָ̣ӵսͱͻȻû˾蹩Ӧ˲ӣʧء
ݻڶʱڣռȫ
ǣһΪһռһݵ壬ȴ˲
ҶЩĶֱӽһŵĶݲж
˭ðͷ˭
һڶĻᶼûС
˭ܲ£
һĺڻҶһش
ǿǺڻ
ҶɱѾʮλʧء
Щ;Ļһ򣬻嶼ģǾܹõĻ̫ǡ
ǵĻһǶڻһԣǼʧ
ʧģǻֵ塣
ԣҲż
£֪ħʦѵĵܵ˻һһӭֻ֮󣬳ĳ໢˫޳ɣֱɳߡ峤ͿΪ׵ľʦš
ûһһֺĴ½һʦš
ǻ۵һǺġ
ʦţ峤ͿΪףҴ󲿷֣Ǻ
ʱͿһʦţΪ֪ħʦѷ
֪һԶԸҶıҪʲô²ܶԸҶأ
ҪϢʱ䣬Ҷľʮ֮ڡ֪ħʦ˵
峤Ϳԣۺ룬ַһǺһ鱨ʱռ鱨ɲ١
ˡϷֱԣĿǰ״֪ԶûлʰҶ档
ⲻܰɣ
֪ħʦЩţżҿһţ˵Ҷأ
Ϳȴǲʣ֪ûз֣ʱҶһʵɱɧսʼҶڵʱԽԽ̣
ʼҶս϶ʱ仹ᳬսУҶս϶ʱ䣬ȴԽԽ١
ÿһγ֣ͣʱ䶼ᳬһṆ̀ÿֻһʧӰ١
֪֪ʲô𣿡
ʲôһ뷨˵
ţҶѾԤл֪ʲôڿʲô
Ϳô˵ͻȻһֻȻʵĸоɲ
֪ȷǵϢû©𣿡
˼һ£ȿ϶ĵ˵㣬һεǾϣֱ֪´ģ£Ϣû©Ŀܡ
Ϳɫر˵ĻǾ鷳ˡ
Ϊʲô֪ħʦһĲףЩ㲻Ϳ˼


2894 
֪ħڲϢй¶˵ҶֻΪ鱨ǣھС
Ȼǵ鱨й¶ǾҶȻǳȷʶڵĶΣκͻ¼÷ǳ裬ԭЧļƲߣ¾òˡ峤Ϳ˵
ô˵
λϺеϺ֪꣬ħʦѵͷе㲻ˡ
֪ʵһ£ҪҶϹҶĻᣬܶࡣ
繥бؾȡ
ÿˣһЩȥػĶоҶ棬Ҷзǳصʶͱ
ʶͱ֪Щס
ħ廹бˮ壬ֹһνо֣Ҷ棬ÿһζս֮⣬ÿζԼذյıǳܵ
һαˮٽҶ澹Ȼϧۣгغ
Ϊ˵Ҷʶͱǿ
жҶһ֡Ϳ˵
֪ħʦȴһϲȻҵҶ㣬ǸϽŸҶصļƻ
峤ͿȴЦˣ֪֪еĶҶıɱ֮м
һ
ʧ֣ܲŪһ
Ϳãһ֪ħʦѾޱȵۡ
ӣƻɺޡ
Դ֪ϣ£ࡢѵ˶֮ϵṩ飬ԭҲǷǳҶ档
ǣṩɱ֮ɴħﻻ˴ħΪɱ֮˿ƲƵĴۡ
ħҲû취ԶԣҶвǸǸУֻܸۡ
е߿ˣٴŪһɱ֮Ȳ˵ûУǴۣħȴ
֪ħʦѵɫͿʱȻˡ
Ȼ֪еɱ֮󣬺еڶôǾͲҶˡ
ΪʲôѲѡ
֪֪һ˰ı㣬뷽跨ҪŪ㡣ͻȻ䴫Ϣǿ᲻ԥĻؼҾԮͿʵ
Ȼᣡ
ѵĻشش꣬ҲסˣҲͿ˼ѻǣǹ֮ؾȣҶ治ûѡ
ֻҪһ֣Ҿлᡣ
˭˵Ҷûѡ񣡡Ϳҡҡͷķر漱Ҷ붯ԶѲ˾ǰ붯ʥǰ鿴û壬㻹л𣿡
֪ħʦȻ
Ϳ˵ǳɹĻỹĺС
ȻֻҲһƲ⣬ǲʧϾĿǰܶǿ컯£ǾֻһŪҶĻᡣ
ԣǱ뱣֤ٷְٵĳɹж֡Ϳ˵
Ϳǰǰôã֪ħʦѲŷ֣ĽͿǰֱ©ٳ
ļԲȶļ߲߻֮£Ǽ˷ˣǾ鷳ˡ
ȻˣµӦô죬Ϳʦָ㡣Ѻܹ̣ǫϣħ廹ǺƵġ
£ҪһܵļƻеһУҪ֮ͨͨУܹٷְٵĽҶ˸ɵͿ˵
ǾͷͿʦƶƻˡ
ͿЦŵͷӦ£ҵĻҾģܻ
Ϊ˱֤һܹɹҾøԴϢ֡
Ϳʦ˼ǣ
֪ʵǶԸҶ棬ϣҲһµ档Ϳ˵
֪ħʦѲǱˣͿĻȻ뵽ʲô
Ϳʦ˵ܣ
ǰ֪ʵǻǣĿǰĿ꣬ǴܣΪ˹Ϸִܡ
ǣܵʵǿ̺ǿĿǰһҶ棬ͽŪޱȵļѡ
⻹ǴڲԭһڲŽ
⣬֪ħʦѷǳ
ħħ߶Ĺ򣬶ûйħߡ
һôƵأ
ԭ
ԭĸħỹħսء
ңħս֮󣬴ڲ״ϣħĴʧ۽
˵ǴԼԭ򣬲ħʤ
һڲŽʤĲ˵
Ϳʦкθ߼
ϣҶ棬˴ܣ˴ܵĵ̡
֮ĵô֣ԼˡͿ˵
ʵ£ħ岻û˵Ҳܶࡣ
ҶҪ˸ҵ棬˭ҲϳԿ
Ķ֮£ʧɾ͸ˡ
ҲΪֹ˼ɣħҲûпһ£ʱͿ֪ħʦȻͱĵġ
ȻֺʽˡҪˣʵ鱨ȵжж
Ѵʲô
֪ħʦѻشͿֵ
׽⣬ޱɵĵزϻͬж໥֮£϶ܹ
ڵ̣˭˭ģ˵ͿЦִ˴ܣսǣȻǰ˴ܣ˵أͿЦп֪ħʦѡ
˼˼ϢѾ͵ͷͿʦ֮⣬Ҹͬ
Ҫʾϣ֪ħ֮󣬲յľ
ףţϣ֪ħһͬҵļƻġ


2895 Լ
ܾһͷޱȵʨӣʱܵ壬һֻֻǣӴ˺һ
ʱܱǻΧ޷ȫԸκһֻǣ»Щ˺Ѫ졣
ЩҲǳһ㣬Ҫжôͷʨƣڱܻõķ档
£ʦ˽飬ûκβľͻ˸޳ɡ
һʱ䣬ɳԼҵʹˡ
Ψһ⣬ǷҪ֪ͨһһϣϡ
ħΪȻҪϣҪеĵ˶һˡ
ȴΪ֮ǰҶֿӺǵʥӣͽͿ֮ǰڻ磬ۼ֤ҶڻԼԽһ֮С
գγħ塢塢һ塢һ塢һ塢塢ˮ塢ˮȰˡ
˵õ˸ĻӦ弸ڵһʱɳʹӦ¡
ͿĹ滮ˣʱ֮λǰȴҪɳλ㹻ʹߣͨ鱨ϣǣƴܣƶսƻ
һλʹλʹҪͨλʹͬʱͿΪ׵Ļʦţΰ˵ľʦţʦŽͿΪס
ңҲɳһʦھʦŵУʦϻ飬ıߣʦУԷ֮䷽ϡ
˭Ҳ֪ǣһӣԺʦ壬˰˵ľʦš
лħϿɣȻûӵݡ
ȻҲֻлħ֪λӵ
Ȼ
ˣôٵء
ңˣʵһִٳɵġ
ֻҪ̺ͽĿǰȫڴܵĵϣҪǹȻļˣܷ֮ǿɾ˵ˡ
ˣǳ͵ڻһռݳˡ
ߣ˸ʹߺ;ʦ֮⣬ˡ
˳ĵһ£ɱҶ棡
ҶĿǰڸսҴܣΪҡ
κһ壬гʮλϵĵҶ
һ壬Ǳ˿ϡ٣ǰǰҶĸɵĵѾ֮࣬ʥӣǸʹ
ֱǺ޲Ҷ֮⣬ϻߡ
Ŀǰ컯޷ս£ԸҶ棬ȴǷǳĲס
գڲͽԸҶ񣬽ͿΪ׵ľʦš
Ҳǰ˵ĵһж˵ڲԼ彫ܾʦŵָӡ
ƶжƻУɾʦŷ񣬸ԼͿǣȨܾ˵ùȥɡ
ûкɣ־ִܾʦŵôʦžȨ߳ˣΪ˵ĵˡ
ڲĹˣڲɱҶ£ҲǺǡ
ԣͿΪ׵ľʦŽһ䲼ȥʱ򣬸ִеĻǷǳס

ݵһķֵڣҶʥĪƾÿ˵ǰһ̳ơ
Ҷ£ʥĪüĿ䣬ȴб֮⡣
㿴㿴顢ԭ^ĻӊԨ߻ӊأЩˣѩƬһ鷢ңȫսġ
Щͳ˧֪㣬֪սдá
ǵĻʵأ
ȴ߸ã治֪ҴôĻ˵λ
ԴˣҶ˿ЦǿЦ
ҶͬҲ벻ʊ¡ôġ
ʱڸսתսûɱħ彫죬ڴܵͨʿƽĿУѾսһĴڡ
սͳ˧ҲҶļֵ
ֻҪҶһΣǵĵ˾ͻڹָ꣬Ҳò̫ѹûһҳͷ
£˵ʿܸߵ
˵ָӻܱЧ
ʤĸǴӡ
ԣսͳ˧ǣ׷ϵҶ档
ֻҶʱΪмֻ뱱Լĵϵϵ˽κϵԷй¶١
ԣЩżѩƬķɵĴ׼û취Ҳû취ϵҶ棬ܹϵʥĪꡣ
գЩѩƬż飬ͨʥĪתݵҶ
ЩôʥĪָЩżҶʵ
ħ壬壬ҪɱҶ죬˵һʲôѡ
˰ܳ׵Ļ֮⣬һʲôѡ񣿡Ҷ͹һھƣ˵ģҲʵ
ңҲҵ֮˵仰ʱҶɱ磡
ǰˣʥĪʵ
ǰԼɣôʲôʱ˭ȫԼţ


2896 
ҶԼֵĴһʲô
ӵ˳ڸսϽʽϮɱħ廹壬Ǻ޲ɱҶ졣
һڻ
ԣҶ沢ûоܾŸų顢^Ļӊء߻ӊԨԭ˵Ԯ
ֻǻظǣԼս
ⲢҶ̫ĴֻӢ塣
֮ս
ħ廹壬ֻˮ壬˴֮嶼ǻᱻʳģūġ
֮£ѡ
ʱıˣҶıֿܵô壿
ʱ򣬿³˻ӻ½⣬ûκ·
ңǴˣЩħ컯ûԼҶܲл·˵ء
ԣһսҶ治Թۡ
ôսȴҶԸ˵㡣
ʵҶ֮ڻֽΧ˵£ÿһζܳɹʵʩϮɱսҶԼǰĹٲ˵ġ
飬д͡⣬ʥĪ껹Ҷǰվ
Ҷ汣֤ȫǰᡣ
ȻҪİȫʵҪԼʵġ
ҶΪֻܰͰ
ʱܹҶʵ÷ǳǿͨһʱ䷨򣬶ˡ
ʱ䷨Ҷ波Թˣ治ģֻ򣬿Եˡ
Ψüš
Ҷɱ㹻ĵе񹭵ɱٽһƷƷ鱦컯Ҷһһ
ʱ򣬾컯񽫣ҶǲϧԸҲһƴ֮
ʥĪ˵жԿ컯񽫵ôϾؼ֮
ԣҶսҲץʱ
磬ܹҶ޼ɵɱſƺĵطΨս
ҶڷǳĹ滮ж
ܿģҶ͵õһǳ˵Ϣ
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ħҪϸ壬޽һˡ
ħҪϵĸ壬ȻĿǰѾֺĴ½ҿսĸ塣
ĿľǸ鱨жնɱĿǰĻҶ棬ܣͬϷֺĴ½
ҶεõϢأ
ӧҶģܵħʹߵ룬ħħ񹬵ְ֪ħʰ껵壬һˣˡ
ӧԴò⣬ͷҶ档
ΪҶԭһ̶ϵķѣ¾λϣȫ˻˻е
ŮܴӰ죬ȻԶԣ·硣
£ҶתģʱĻӧˡ
ΪŮԭ򣬻Ůڵһʱó㹻͵̬ʾԸ鹬վһ
ȻȻģӧҲ͵øҶˡ
һҶ˻һ֮󣬳׵Ŀ壬ӧѾûѡˡ
ԣյӧ֮ҶϢʵԣûκλɡ
Ҷ滹ɳе鱨
ǲŽӧǽӧһиҶϢ̫ˡ
ֻ˵һص㣬ħ幥ռĺݳǡ
ħ֪ħʦ࣬ӧǰˣֻҪͨˡ
ԼڣԺ
Ҷʱ䲢ࡣ
飬ҶʥĪ顣
һģ¡ʥĪһأңˣĻ˳ɹµһҪĶ񣬾㡣
ҶȻҲԤϵһ㣬ŸʥĪ顣
ǰңЩϳɹôܵĴ
´֮ݡʥĪһĵģ鱨ɿ𣿡
ʥĪ꣬Ҷû˵˻ӧһ¡
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Ҷ˵ͷȷʵ뷨
Ͳ𣿡ʥĪ˵
жһġҶ˵
ôô£㲻ͨػʥĪʵ
Īϣⲻ鱨ҪҪͨҶʵ
˼˼ϢʥĪͻȻͿЦڲ͸ɸһϢͨȥò˶ãܹй¶
˵ʥĪ͵߬ȭͷɶ壬֪Щسøڣ˶ˣ
ʥĪ֮ô˵ҲΪڵ
ħսϾžųģһкѪӽʱڲֵͽɲ鲻š
Ȼ鲻ţʥĪȴģֻ
䣬ܹ̫Ĵڣ࣬ǡؼΪܹ̫Ĵڣ඼
Īϣ룬ͨػûô
ûô
ʥĪĳ˼ҡҡͷͨȥأûֹλ˵Ŀܣ
ңֻƻһΣƻǵһΣֻᱬ¶ڲ⣬˻塣
˵ʥĪ˾ϣɣҪǴԶƻһεĻˣͲҪͨǲжͨȥǴʥĪ˵


2897 㣿
ݳǡ
ԴӺݱħʶ̫׷չռ֮󣬾ͱޱȵ
ƳǰһûüӵİգƳǺɱһ֣ȫΪū
һЩŮū׳ʹȥģħİ£ʼзص
ħʳˮ˿͸־߷ǳϲ
Ŀǰħ峹׹ռ˺֮Щɷ²ĴܰգЩ顣
Ȼ˵ħʺħ´һռΪҪƴ塣
νƴǲŰɱʳÿʳӦһٱٶѡ
ģȫհħ֮ǰūһס
ԭޱȵĺݳǣѾһǡ
ħǨһ˿ڹԻָһ
Ҳ˶ѡ
ΪüɫħѣǾ˫Ǿ֮ɫĴܰա
ݳڣһĪ
ž˵Ļ˽ݳԱ
ϾһλˣĶǸҪħĽӴˮƽɲܵ͡
ħ屻˺ݳڣ
ԭڵħʶ̫׷յйͽӵһͨӧ
ӵͨйڲһ侲ڣ峤ͿЦˣһֱȴϢ˵ƳˣҶѾϵˡ
˵û壬͸Ҷ湴ᵽһ𡣡ʥһɭһҶ浱ɱһ컯ˣɵȶҶĺ⣬Ǵﵽ˼¡
ҽ飬һ˻Էһ˵
ڳ֪ħʦ࣬໢һһĲһǧ㶼Ϳ
һλˣĴһ壬Ҫе뻢һ壬ҶѪܵĴڶˡ
ˮ뱱ˮ壬ֻɳةʹߡ
֮£ûҶ̫ɧźϮǱˮ壬֮ǰĹƱҶܣʱûпٳµս
ҶˣǶܸȤϾˮڴ̵ܵıԵشսĿԲֻ̫ɳʹߣû
ˣһ˳ɹҲͬһ㡣
ʵڽν֮ǰѾйһλˣǴεĻ˷ǳأҲǳĳɹ
ȷжԾʦŵΪס
ԣʱʥ˽飬ûзǿ˾ʦŵ峤Ϳ
ʱûһĶͿ˵
Ϊʲô
ԷݾߣͿɺܼ򵥣һ仰ʥЩƻ𣬵ֵǻڴˣ»ġ
ϾǶ壬֮ǰѾǷĿˡ
ͿٴЦˣһε˷ˣħ塣
ħ岢ûзĿ෴ģǰ֮٣
ͿĽֱͣʥ޻˵ֻܰͿС
Ϳɫڴ˿ҲλӴ˿Ҷʱпְܳ֡żƻѾУλһҪԼ֣һҪغϢ
ܲնɱҶϷִܣڴһˣ
Ӧһɢˣһ妣ߵͿ󣬡һΣԲʧ
ͿȴһţʦģͿ˵㣬һεıһʧ
ã妵˵ͷ³ɣ㵱Ǵһ񣬱ضٲ㣡
ûãڻӧִ֮Ҳ׷Ⱥִһʢ
֮⣬ҶʥĪ꣬Ҳڽ鱨
Ϊ˵ĹϵħռĺݳǷܣҶµļλѹ޷˵ǻúݳڵ׼鱨
ԭҶʩչһˣȴʥĪֹˡ
գҶûӧָϴһӣݳħʶ̫׷յйûãӾǱ˵صס
СĴ߶£йڵĶҶ۵ס
ϵ£ʱƺĵСжҲǳޣõ鱨ǳޡ
Īϣôģ壿ҶʥĪС鱨
̫񣡡
ʥĪҡҡͷƣȷʵڻˣǣҲܰٷְٵų
ô˵ĪΪĿܣҶ˵
ûʥĪ˵ͷ
ȻĻǾִеڶ׷ɣȻЩһһî˾Ҫɱңҽ͸һᣡҶ˵
ԣʥĪЦڶ׷͵ڶ׷Ǿִаɣ
˵꣬ҶʥĪΣͬʱʧ


2898 ǹ
ݳħʶ̫׷йڣƴĻжһһ۵ĽС
Ϊ˶ԸҶ棬ͿΪ׵˾ʦ࣬רΪûκʵľ˻ˣһƵ䷶Ļ̡
ʹߣҲһĲⳡϷ
˵Ķ࣬ʱ֣еʱ֣ҪˣǵĿҶ滹ûг֡
ֻ˵֪ħʦЩסˣϵͿͿʦ˶ˣҶ滹ûг֣Ӧô죿
ߣϵףᣬĻϸڣ͵һĻͿص
ã
Ϳ֪ħʦѣǺŷġ
ǣ֪ħʦһһ۵ļлֱ̣ɽҶûг֡
Σ֪ħʦֻ͸˾硣
֪ħʦصĴһɸ̤˴׼ǰʱͻȻ΢΢һ֪ħʦѾ͵ؿա
ͬʱϰٵѶըѶУҶͻȻֵΣյ
Ҷˣ
֪ħʦͷһ˿ϲʱڵһʱ´ж
Ͱźõĸ֣ʼж
ա𵴿ռ䣬ռ󷨣ڵһʱС
УͻȻֵҶȴЦλΪлˣҶĳһۡ
Ҷ治ûǰһʽɧսһΣĴշ𵴿ռطзռĴ
֪ħʦѴϲ
ֱǧѷ
һںʦͿһǸɱС
Ϊ˷ҶͶԸҶ棬ֻǣ֪ħʦѵľѪ
֪ħʦѵȴںŵȴҶ֡
֪ħʦֵɲǣȴ峤Ϳסˣ
֪ħʦѼˣͿʲôѵãҪٷҶ棬ҵĻᣬɾˡ
֪ħʦѺͿһҲֱ˱絽ϵĭӣ֪ͲģͻȻֵҶ棬жΧסǲǲ̫
Ϳѣ֪ħʦһ£ͻȻֵҶ棬ǿռ䱻ططܱ˷յĴûκż˼ǼеľսĴɱ񹭶ûó
ⲻ
Ϳʦָ
ҾģҶĿѾʶǵļƻʱֵҶ棬ǸࡣͿ֪ħʦѵľѪ졣
֪ħʦȻӿʧɲǣŭȵɱ
ʱħĵԶ̹Ҷ档
УҶȴǴЦŷְһȺ
ħߵļʸҶ棬Ҷεɢһ㾫Ѫûɢ
£֪ħʦøӵѿҶѪǣֱǻ
ҶĳεºܣȻλɱҰҶĳңҶЦںݳԶ쳹
֪ħʦѵɫޱȵѿ֪ħʦһģг໢ʥȵˡ
ںݳһھҶ汻նɱħʶ̫׷գЦҲǴŭ޺޵һ̤·שʱΪҷۣ
һֱ˳ᢾʦͿҲʧ֮ɫȻʧˡ
侲ͿͨӣȴǸŭɫ妵ķ
ƻôãͶô࣬Ȼʧˣôܲŭ
ƻѾʧˣֻٴıˡãͿε̾һĩˣǿһ䣬Ҷ棬ʵ̫ƻˡ
ԣ֪ħʦѾεĻ˻֣˲Ϣ䣬СصУʱӿϰӵиͨطĸ
ϰٵ֪ħʦһ֣ͰΧ˻һӵĻӧ
ӧ˴ǰᳵӣԼ֮⣬ֻ
ʱΧ֮£ӧ󾪣Ҫʲô
ܸʲôȻͽ֪ħʦЦ
ҶôʶǵĻģ֪ħʦѲ֪ҶһֻҪ֣ʹŻһվҶǱߵġ
ΧҶļƻʧˣǾ˳ͽ
ڴͬʱǧУҶ濴ʥĪ˵ĪϣĵǶԵġ
˼ƻ塣ǽһĿڣҴϢǰϵСģȴһ٣
Сʻ괬ԺҪסˣĵʱĵ˾߹㣬ԶԿʥĪ˵
ţҼסˡ
Ҷ֣صĹ˹֣ܽˣȻҶȴǿźݳǵķЦĪϣǵڶжƻ壬ʶǵ֮ǿܻһңصҲ֣ʱɱǹʱ
ȽӧϢҾȥɱһǹ󡣡Ҷ˵
ǹ
ʥĪЦȻҪɱɱǹˣȴ㡣
˭ҶЩĿ˷ƺǲû׼֡
ȻϷˣ
һɲǣʥĪζʧҶȻ󼱣Īϣ㲻ǲԡ
ûʲôԵģ
ʥĪдѵþۼôĵ߲;ϷҪǲһºݵģ̫ԲĻˡ


2899 ΣڵϦ
ݳħʶ̫׷йУ֪ħʦѵָ£һʮӧаΧˮйͨ
УʥͬΪ̫壬ǻһ徹ȻҿӺǣֱ
λӧĳҪܣ˺󣬱лϣʥӶͷ˵
ʥȵ飬û˷ԡ
ԭҪɱӧģʱ˿̣֮󣬻ܻһֶ꣬Ϊأ
ңΣΧĻӧһļڽûһ˿һĺ¡
һôˣҶһ˲ɣϣͽǻҪҪӧָ˴
֪ħʦȻᱻӧļƱıɫһڣͺȵ֣
ҲڴʱͻȻһЦǰʱ֣ʱ
ǳЦɲǣֲ컯۷ѹǵصĸסй
֪ħʦѣǾʦͿɫѿޱȣʦͿȻ;ˣ©ƥҪˣӣӣ
妵ķҲѿޱȣƥ򣬾Ȼһأ
ݳڣһڵħʶ̫׷գܵʥĪȫͷŵϢ̲סӣԼϢصĸ
УʥĪĿֲѹѹɢһ˶СɽһָͷͻȻйķ͵ص¡
һ˲Ĺǣ
ܵĽһߵʵýʵ·ߣйԭǺĸۡʵޱȡ
ʱʥĪĵѹ֮£йȻɷۡ
֮ѹһ㣬Գ࣡
ʥĪһָ԰ΧӧһʮΪѹȥġ
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ʥĪһָ£ʥȵĶˡ
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ϣʥĪȫֵɲǣʥȾ;ˡ
ʥȻǿҵڵĺ鱦ɵı֮һ˲߶˼ˡ
ʥĪһָ֮£ޱȵĹ⻪
ǣʥĪ컯۷ΪطǿˣʥȶԣǾСһ
ȫȫûж
˲Ϣ䣬ʥ貹⻪һָ֮£Ϩˡ

һʵźûкʥȵһָѹ֮£ͳױ飬һģʥȵԪ顣
ʥȵɻɢ
ʥһɢģǰΧӧһʮ
һָ֮£һʮʥĪȫ֮£ûһܹ
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һɱһʮʥĪüͷȴ΢΢һ塣
һɱԺɱ˵״̬ǳ
ļԣ໢ڣȻֻǾѪ
ΣЩŹ֡
ҲʥĪЩźܽĳ໢ȼԺɱǶսӰʹˣһóֱֵ֣ˡ
ϧǣļԣħ֪ħʦѣȻҲǾѪ
һʥĪΥ֣˻ᣬش˵ĸ߲㣬һʮֻΡ
û뵽ħĸ߲㣬ȻȫǾѪ
ֵһ˵ǣʥĪ޲𹥻
Իӧ滤ҲʥĪһָˡ
֮ǰҶͿǵ˽ӧĿܣԣӧǾѪҪȻôء
ǣħĸ߲㣬ȻȫǾѪʥĪͷһɻѵ˵ħѾϵҪ֣ЩȫǾѪ
ʥĪҡҡͷ
Ӧòܡ
ħ廹壬ϳֵһʮλ붼ǵڣõģҲǵڡ
кڵǸľóڻҵġ
֮Ϊԭ򣬲˾Ѫ
ǣħ֪ħʦֵλˣǾѪӦû
֮ħ֪ħʦѵҲӦþڸ
жϣʥĪʱݳǵ˷ɨȥ
ɱһħ֪ħʦջɾʹˡ
ħ֪ħʦУյࡣ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣħʧһλ֪ħʦʧһλ컯仹Ҫʹ
ɨ˷ɲǣʥĪʱ˷֡
йҲԭıԵشڲ̵ֻӡ
ģģʥĪ겻ʶһ˵ǷΣϢʥĪ귢Цһλ֪ħʦѵʲô
ʥĪת˲ɨȥ׷˹ȥ
Ǳߣûӵ֪ħʦѣһһ߳ʥĪ
Īʥ㾹ȻҹȻΥĽ컯֮Ĵս𣿡
峤Ϳ˵ľѪҲֻܸſӣƾԸˡ
Ƿ˺ô˼Ҷ棬û뵽Ȼ컯۷ʥĪΥ֡
֪ħʦѣǸ۰ڳ֮һĵħİ
ֻǣ֪ħʦȴûʱۣڣʥĪ׷ɱСΣڵϦ


2900 
һʥĪ׷˷Ӵ֪ܵħʦѣɱЦ⸡֣һָ
ֻҪɱ֪ħʦѣֵˣ츶Ĵֵۣˣ
ʥĪһָ£δ֪ħʦͷһĪľӿͷ
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컯۷ʥĪ깥֮£ûκλ·
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֮ʥĪսѾԽ컯۷塣
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֪ħʦͷһĪıҶ棬ȥȴԼСûˡ
֪ħʦѾޱȵɲǣһӰͻȻ׵ٶȣײʥĪһָ
ʥĪһָ׹һλͻȻܳӰҲɢ컯񽫵ϢӲĽһ
ӰʥĪһָ֮ȴǱһֱ׹档
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ʥĪȴǶ׹⣬٣ĵͦ찡
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ָӰɣͬǳһɢ貵Ĺԣһɲǣе̫Щˡ
ʥĪȫ
֪ħʦѡͿ妵ķȴûӳ˺ݳǣͣ
֪ħʦһĲ԰ףͿ妵ķԶԶĹս
ݳڣʱѡ
ݳڣܰնˣʥĪ궯֣ûκι˼ɡ
ȫ֮£λով֪ħʦѵ컯񽫣Ȼɳһĵҷɡ
ʥĪÿһָ£λ컯񽫶
ȥȻңλ컯Ӧ֡
Ϣ֮һڽɫѪ֮妷ɫͱȻޱȡ
ϳˣλ컯񽫣ִס
ִսǿߣʱ˿̾ȻʥĪ
ú妾㤵ǣʥĪ˼ȻҪûնɱִ׵˼
ҪִױնɱˣǶԣҲشʧ
妲
ȻִӲԤʥĪ꣬Ͳֻһλִ񽫡
ȻִѪ֮ʣдһߣĪģȻΥ֣Ϊɱ㣡
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λִһ֣ؼ¶ȶȽͣѾӳݳǵ֪ħʦѵüëϣ˺һ㺮˪
ǻٲҪһ㲻һħ컯˳֣ôô죡
عڵһʱϵһĽһ䣬㣬ȻĿŵΥձؽ
ʥĪ˿壬ӭȥƾǣôˣΪûͻƹ
ȻҲʥĪˡ
ִһԣʥĪսֻ˲Ϣ䣬Ǳһ㺮˵ļ
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סʥĪԽսԽߣ֪ħʦһڵһʱ֪ͨħʶ̫׷գܴӵص׶롣
ʥĪ귢ˣ˲ҪҪħʶ̫׷ձʥĪɱˣǾǹˡ
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ǾѪһ£֪ħʦҲˡ
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ߣǿȫǾ񣬽ҲһսȫĪˣĪ֪
֪ħʦȻ֮࣬ЩȻͿ˵ȫ˵ùȥ
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ͷֿ֪֮࣬妵ķ£Ǵôã
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λִ񽫶ȫˣΣһɭлᣬһնɱĪġ
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úջǣǾ飬ȴŴûɡ
ʱɲ˵ҶεĽƻֻܡ
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֪ħʦѶشȴǲ̫⣬ֻл᣿
妷ûд𻰣ֻǾĿѣȴġ
Ըⶵףڴ˵λ컯񽫣Գ֪֡ħʦѶĿź妡
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2901 ͵Ϯ
֪ħʦѻͷɲǣҶ棡
ǧ״Ҷ治֪ʱѾеҫŴĿĹ⻪
ǴĿޱȵĹ⻪ɷܵĪĺ⡣
֮ԾΪͷɲǣͿҶеϵźɫĹ⻪籼һ
ǧ׵ľ롣
˵ͻأ
֪ħʦûкͱ֧
˵ĿޱȵĹ⻪֪ħʦһɢǿޱȵĺƷ鱦Ϣһ⣬ȻǺ鱦ȴֱ׷鱦
ǣûã
ҶĿɱ컯˵ǰûκô
ǼƷ鱦Ϣ⣬ɲǣͱҶĵһķ顣
ڶֱӽ֪ħʦѵ֮Ƶķ鲻˵֪ħʦѵԿǡ
ȵľУ֪ħʦѵԪӳ
ոնݳ䣬֪ħʦѵԪ鵱
Żħʰ껡ϣֻ֪˵֪ħʦѣϢıҶһɱ
峤ͿһĻһĪĺͷ
һɲǣͿͿҶٴһһɫ˲ϢͳУҼٷŴ
һԵ־иͷ峤ͿŤ
һɲǣ峤Ϳ壬ͱһžѪ˲ɢ
ԶҶȻüͬʱ妵ķҲһžѪ
ģ⣬ȫǾѪ
ݳһڣ峤Ϳ͵۾һ־δĸо
Ҷһǿޱȵ־塣
ŭģȴ妡
ȻֻǷ٣ǣȴǻҶķ̣һּȵĳС
ǶôƣôΪ˶ԸҶ棬ʰҶ档
ɽأ
ĽǣǾȻҶʰˡ
˵ķ֪ħʦѣȻҶɱˡ
Ǻεȵķ̡
зߵľѪҲҶɱˡ
裡
妵ĳ裡
ݳǲԶĵصף˫Ŀɫ
ҪɱҶ棬ҾΪ¶һܵᱻʦֵǳЦ
ҲǼɱ֮ˣϾ˾һʱ֪ͨڰеһλִţ
Ī걻ǣƣȫɱҶ档
һʥĪսִ֮׶ˣ׵ƽᣬȻִָŵȴأһֱûлָ
һŰֵһλִЭӦԿܵΣδȴڰУѰʱնɱʥĪꡣ
ΪʥĪ֣Υг˻նɱʥĪ꣬ʱ򣬾Ҳ޻˵
ңǽ˻һ㣬ҲǿԵġ
ں´ִȫײûִЩǣǳ֣ͿʧȥɱʥĪĻᣬȻ϶Ȼˡ
ңͻƣҲһնɱҶ棬˵նɱĿԷǳСҶΪҶԸˡ
͵Ϯ
͵ϮŶԴЩִݣ͵ϮҶ棬ȥͶˡ
ţû͵ϮȴǷǳļ֣һλѵãʥĪΥɱôǳɱҶ棬Ҳ֮У˭Ҳһ
ðɣ
գִŻͬ˺妵飬͵ϮĻһܵģ¾͵Ϯʧܣʱ򴫳ȥҾ澡ʧˡ
Դˣȴ˿ģ㾡֣ܳ͵Ϯʧܣֶ㣬ܰٷְʰҶ棡˵
Ȼ˵к֡
ã˶ɱĪ꣬εе˵
ĪˣɱҶ棬ñɱĪˣģһ½͵ġ
ãִ·ˡ
ݳڣҶɱ֪ħʦѣͿ妵ľѪ֮Ҷ沢ûͣ֡
෴ģɱ䡣
֮ǰʥĪ֣ɱֻǺĵһʮħֲΧִĵһٶλ
Ϊλ컯֮սݳǴĽ췭ظһæӳֵλá
ѲֵյĵֱѲֵص׵ĵֱķ󷨵ĵ
ȫˣ
ҲΪЩԼλãû⣬ŸҶᣬҶһɱ֪ħʦѡ
֪ħʦһħĵˣ
ķˣ
ҶٿֲʱһҲҪҶ档
֪ħʦΪ֪ħʦѵĻ֪ħʦˣǾĴѡ
Ҷȴ˿壬Сèɴÿһ˸е񹭾ͿһΣһ
ÿһһ䡣
ˮĵҪûΧҶ棬Ǽ󣬴ʱЩָ֯ӵĵǣͱҶŵˣ
һɱһ͸ɱһ
ĵȾˣһӵԶԶģΨһɲҶͷϡ
ΨħĵһҪһҶ棬Ĵ򷨣ͨطҶҲòС
ͻأģҶѪ͵糱ˮһӿһ£ĪΣ˲ϢϮ


2902 ʥƴ
糱ӿһΣУҶĺëը
ҶתԤҶԿ϶о޴Σ١
ңҶڵսΪҶѪ糱ӿģֻп컯ĴҶ治һеĳˡ
Ǽм䣬ҶֻܸӦо޴Σ٣ȴ޷ԤΣǺΣա
Ҷʱ򣬑Ƿųȫ
ǣʱϲ
Ҷ滽Ҷ涼ˡ
ؼʱ̣ҶôսıܷӦҶһ
¾պ⼫΢Ĳһ£Ҷ˲ϢףǸλпռ䲨
ǱһģҶһ˫ȣʹСèƣڱܹǸ
Ҷ涯ɲǣһɭޱȵĽ˹
Ĵ½Ŀռжһеп羪һĽ⣬ֱҶĺ󱳣ֱҶͷһΪ
֮ǰ¾պĿռ䲨ʾᷢ˼ã̵ƺԲƵʱڣҶֻ˰ʬߣȴܾҶ
ǵ⣬кĴ½Ŀռݶжһͱ˵Ҷˡ
ؼʱ̣ںˮŭһ۵ĺˮӿҶıͼֵһ
ˮȫ߶֮£ɫ۵ķܾ͸Ĳ˶١
һ֮ǰɶһ
꣡
йҶľҶĴҼе˳ҶĴȣҶȼնһͬնģСèһƤ⡣
ĵʹȴûҶκλңһߣҶκʱ䶼Ҫ侲
ҶȻĵˣ
ţ
ִˡ
֣͵Ϯ
ִ񽫵ǱŸˡ
ʱ˿̣ҶȴǱһ
Ԫ
ڷһɲʱ䣬ҶѾڵ鱦Ѿ˴״̬
Ҷһõģ鱦ʮԪ챦飬Ҷǿ鱦Ҳǿı鱦
Ҷȴûж鱦ʮԪ챦ƿ
ʱֱðԪƿûʮİա
Ȼ˲Ҫɳ컯ų֣ڴ֮ǰѾ֪Ҷдյ᲻أ
Ȼ˵һķգԪƵ
ǿ컯컯񽫲µĿռԪͲһƿˡ
һͷײ컯ĴڲµĿռҶɾͳˡ
ʱ˿̣ҶִŵϮ£ĻֻһΡ
ԣҶΪյķʽ
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪҶͨҶ潻ֻҪһҶ˼
ʱҶǰؿռ
Ҷǰʱƾնؿռ䡣
ִŵĽ⣬ʱҶǰȴʮռ䡣
£ֿռ蹵ѿԽ
ִǰȴǺ蹵
㱾£뱣Ž鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫڶʱڲµʮؿռһƿ
ӰһնҶ档
ʮؿռȴΪҶȡ˼䱦Ӧʱ䡣
̫֮ŽȻҶУֻһΣһֻ˶Ľھųִš
ڻΡ
һһǰֱִҶķӶ䣬һ˻Ľ֮С
һɲǣִŵɫͱѿޱȣڵĽ˲Ϣɢ˵Ī˳Žֱ
̫ɭɭһϮִž̫𣿡
̫в֮£Ϊǿ컯񽫣ʱ಻ӲӲֻбá
Ϊ˱Ҷʱǽ֮ǰõһ̫𣬺ϧȫ˳
Ǳִš
ִһˣҶˡ
γ֡
һҶѪģŭˡ
Ҷ׻ָ֮ϣ
Ҷ棬ȥһλ̶ܹṩԸȥ
һΣҶԸȫ֡
סִţҶлˡ
ʵڴ֮ǰСѾݹҶȫҶˡ
ǣСȴֻܸҶֹѪ޷ָҶƣ˵³֫ˡ
ҶСèǿֲ˿֮ϣһǿޱȵ컯СȻ޷Ҷ޷Ѹٻָ
Ҷ֪ô£ʱҶ沢ûʱơ
ȱһ۰Լһʱûһ۰˫һϣٴ˸˿ֲޱȵϢ
ţгһգұɱ㣡
Ҷǣȴɲ
Ҷޱȵǿ󣬿ɱ컯ˣв컯񽫡
컯֮ǰľδ
һﲻҪ⣬浱ӲŪǣ߿סսʥĪ귢±ߵΣڷҶ㱻ɱ֮󣬷ŭ˼¡
УʥĪϢȻ͵ٴһǣɫ䡣
СģϼһҪƴˡ
ʵϣѣʥĪϢٴǣ׻Щˡ
ޱȵĽ̬Ȼ˷ء
ͬʱʥĪ󷢣ǱһָףʥĪŭһκգֱӳ࣬Ȼȫһִָţ


2903 
ʥĪŭ֮ȫ֣֮ǰĳطԼ
£ȫֵƼ侪ˡ
һָ£ؼƺֻʣһָһ
˿ִԼĸоУһָǰ͸һֻһ
ʥĪһָһɽֻɽѹµһֻϡ
һ˲䣬ڸܵĿ־塣
вҲǼ󣬵ӦΧ֮ڣڣʥĪ꾹Ȼ˲һеٴζطҪɱ
͵ϮҶľٶ׵ļŭʥĪꡣ
ִƿߣ˿̲ŷ֣ʥĪһָܱߵգ޿ӣ
ңִͻȻս˻
߿УִȻ
˵ʱʥĪǲǣǸǣҲԮֻĿִűʥĪһָش
һָɽѹ
ִƴȫһָ֮£ҲǲˣѪ硣
ͷѵڶ
ִͻȻ˽ɫĹ⻪
֮ʣֱִӶԴ
ԴΪۣʥĪѹµһָԻΪСȡ˱ʱ䡣
ǣҶȴᡣ
Ҷָʾ£ֱüġ
ӹ׽ٿ죬Ҳֻסһ䡣
ͬʱеҲֱʥĪꡣ
ͬΪִ񽫣űɱºҲ޷
ʥĪȫϮ֮£ִŷһľһƿԴ
䣬żǿɱԪ֮˵ֻҪԴԪҲ
ǧһ֮ʣִŵԪ񣬾ȻĴͷݳܿһǾɱ
ҶȻ
ִԪݳܿɱһɲǣٴΧʥĪꡣ
һΣȫ֣κα
˲Ϣ䣬ʥĪٴ˿ս֮С
ӳִŴǾõǱޱȵĶ͵ֵ䣬Σޱȡ
ڴͬʱһֱڰйս妣ȴ̾һ⵽̫Ҷ̫ǿأ
һɲǣ妾ͳѾɷĺݳڵħʶ̫׷յйУֱ֪ħʦѵʬԣһҵһָ
˵עյʥ컯񽫵Ĵս֮УѹעϵССĶ
ƿָȡһʲ妣ȴЦ

ڣʱȻ֪˺ݵⳡ컯֮ĿֲսȻҲ֪ʥĪ걻Χһ¡
֮ǰʥĪһͬѵİλ컯˾ʥɲǣ˾ͻȻ֡
ĪգҵԮ
仰˾һ̤ͻһʧؼ䡣

սڣ֪ħʦѵʬҵǼ妣ն𣬻ĽӽҶ档
ʱؼȫ컯սĿֲϢ妵ˡ
У߶ԸǿֲµƵҶ棬һͻȻ͵ͷͿ妣һѾԶˡ
ҶĿ⿴ԼͻȻЦˣҶԪ˧
ͬʱһɫӴзɳ˲Ϣء
׼ȷ˵Ҷܱߵء
һĿռ䷨
Ҷ󺧣
Ԫ
Ҷֵ£ܹԸռģҲֻ鱦ʮԪ챦ˡ
Ҷ潻鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ֪Ӧô졣
Ŀռ˸ԪֱƿգݳɫӵĿռ
һɲǣ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪǷһƺߣƿռʧܣ;󣬾Ҳޱȿɬ
컯ҡûƿ
컯
ҶȻ컯Ȼҳ֣
Ҳǣ̺ǿƥĿռŲӣӦóһλ컯֣֮ƲԪޱȵľɥ
Ʋ
Ҷüͷס˼սʥĪ꣬ȴͻȻ
飡
˲Ϣ䣬ʥĪĺ붼ĵ޳֮Ȼһ÷飬ˣҪҪ
ͿУ妶ź붼ʥĪ΢΢һЦԭӣû뵽Ҷ컯񽫵Ϯɱ£Ȼֻ˷ˡ
ǺˣʥĪŭ
ȴǳҶ΢΢ʲһ񣬡ҶԪ˧֮ˣ妣


2904 Ϊ׳
УҶ棬ͷһƬ
Ϊɱֱ伫
컯͵ϮǰֱӶ컯Ƶķ飬ֱ
˷˸ɢǿҶĿռ䲨Ҷƽ
ʱ˸УȴһִĿռ䲨֮Կ
ǰԪ
ҶԺУ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫɥе̫ǿˣ޷Կ취໹ʱ䣡
ҶĿǰУǿģˡ
Ʋģ
Ҳ˵ĿǰǲȫȱһָҲܹƿɫռ䷨󣬿ռ䷨̫ˡһȻΣһЩ
ķֶΣǾǱҪʮĳͷ
һأϵɷӣʵһˣ
ҶȴԸʹֱ
ȻҶ治֪ķô£ܹ컯ƵĶԷǳֲ
Ҷײˡ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷͽе񹭿¡
Ԫ㣬Ҫָռ䷨ǱҶȵ
ԶҶ湭£ȴҡͷûã˵㣬λĪʥҲƲġ
ҡҲ㣡鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ޳ˡ
ҶĬȻͷһ˿ϣʧˡ
Ըܵ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪǷĶԿľҿռ䲨
ǡǡ
ܵҶǷĹ⻪£ϢԽԽƮ죬ʥĪͻȻͳҶЦ
ҶСӣҺ㣡
Ī£ҶҡҡͷѾãʥĪ޹ء
㻹ûףϷ㱻Ƿ֮أҲǾء
Ϸ㣬ȴܹɫΪ׳У
Ϊ׳СĸֳڵɲǣһöСޱȵǴͻȻͳʥĪС
ҶʥĪദôã⻹ǵһμʥĪ궯
ֻǴȥ̫ͨˡ
ֻǣǴֵɲǣִ׵ɫͻһ䣬Сģ϶Ҫƴˣ
ͬʱǴ˴ĿޱȵĹ⻪ʥĪеΣͻȻͱü֡
һɲǣʥĪһЦеǴ߸ŵǰߵִһȥ
ĪıִɫͻȻ͵ޱȵ
˿ȥʥĪֻһ¡
ֻһ֮µִһжôֲ
˿ռ䡢ϵϵϵһ·ȫ̩ɽѹ֮ƣ
޿ˣִȻҪȫӦԣϬޱȵĽͬʱÿһ⣬ɢźƷ鱦ϢͬʱնǴ
ɲǣǴͷȻ΢΢һ͡
ִ¶ϲɫʥĪٴһɢϢٴһǺµǴϢȴ͵رǡ
ִƷ鱦ĽǴºȻ顣
ȻģƷ鱦ĽƷ鱦ı塣
֮е鱦񹬾ѣ಻Ѫ
ѪɲǣִһޱȵļС
ʥĪϢٴǵǴ谭ĺ£ִǴ֮£ֱӱһѪ
ˣ֮£ԴֱӱʥĪǴ˷飬˵ԴеԪˣ൱Ϊޡ
ִɣ
˲Ϣ䣬ͬޱѪꡣ
ͬΪִ񽫵ףȴһĻˡ
ƴˣƥĲҪˡţִף´ʱʥĪǣ׷ٶԶݡ
ʥĪЦУǴ׾͸ԶʥĪΣȴֱҶ档
ҶɲǣʥĪٴôһ£ʥĪϢٴ½һأǴϢȴٴαǡ
ư
ʥĪŭǴݺݺסҶһȦ⣡
ȫµǴȻ硣
ʱҶ滹ԶԹ۵妣ŷ֣ʥĪеΪΪ̵ʱҶ
ʥĪ꣬һֱûзҶ
妶ʥĪΪȴ֮ԱǣûõģƵķ飬ޱȵĿռƵģҲ޷ƿġ
䣡
Ǵݺݵĺϣ͵ؾ𣬹⻪һ£øոջ֮Աǵ妣΢΢һ
ʥĪٴһһɲǣ·еעǴ֮УǴϢٴαǡ
һɲǣʥĪҶ棬ͻȻ侪ޱȵķ֣ʥĪòͻȻһǰδеٶ˥š
һ˲Ĺ򣬾ͱüƤ׷Ϣͱ˥ޱȣҶ澪ˣĪϣ
Ļᣡ
һʥĪеǴٴһޱȵĽǶȣݺݵĺ˷⵱С
ܴһͻȻ̻һ㱬Ҷ⣬ͻȻ;ҵĲ
妵飬͵رþɵ
ӣ⣬Ȼб֮ףʱͼˣź󷽴
һ𣿡


2905 Ҫ
ʥĪһͺ÷ݣе㵣ˡ
Ȼ˵Ƶķ飬ʥĪ컯񽫵ǲƿġ
ʥǳ˯󱻻ѵʥȴܹǿ
ٱʥĪƣҶˣǲ鷳ˣ妵һ֮ܲˡ
ôһȣոԶݱִԻת
ֻԻתִţʱֻԪԼǱޱȡ
УոջڴʥĪ꣬ͻȻͷһεĳ̾
չ黹Ϸ㣬ûа취ȳ㣡
һ̾ʥĪеǼոջɱһλִ񽫵ɱ֮ǴͻȻһ΢л˷ɻҡ
ǴɷɻңûǴϢڣʥĪʵϢҲ¶ˡ
ʥĪϢȻڷɿµĹѾ䵽˵ˡ
Ī㣿
Ҷ漱ˣҶĸӦУʥĪ겻ϢµϢҲڷɿĵ䡣
ʥĪνĻ˻֣ʮϰٸʮϰ꣬Ϸûκ塣
ֻǱǸϷѾУջûо
һҶѾжˡ
ʥĪһйʥ˯ܣҶѾ֪һ֡
ǽһ鱦֮˯֮Ԫһڼʮ굽һ꣬ÿλʥ˯ǰ״ˡ
ǣ鱦г˯֮еʥһطôȵԼ
ۣȴΪԪ
ʥԣһͽƺû
ĬĬŵƴһս汳ġ
˼룬ɾʥ˯ʥΪɵ
ǽ죬ʥĪսλִ񽫣նɱִ
ڵóȻԸġ
Զոշصִףһ
ô֪꣬ܲʥʵȻףʥĪ͸֧֮£ʱѾɢԶˡ
ĺҲһǧ
ʥĪˡ
ҶҲҪȥ֮أˡ
Ψһ鷳ִһλԣҲǼʧҪԲٹ䡣
ˣ妾ڴ˹ͶλԶˣЦеĹ֣ʤߵ̬ö˵
ʥĪĶһۺ妣Ҫɱ妣ɿŵȴûˡ
ʥĪźصķһۣûκβ¶ŨŨʧ֮ɫ
ҲڴʱͻȻһǰסҶķ⣬Ȼǰһռ֮⡣
ʥĪףҶϾҪˣʹ
һΣϷ㣡ҪסһҪϣ
Ҫ
ʥĪ꽻
Ī޹أģʲô֮أֻҪлᣬҾһţȥҶ˵
Ҷ棬ɵ㻹𣿡妴Ц
ĪΥ֣ҲҹȻԸ㣡
ΪΥ֣ǲſ޼ɵĳ֡
ԣʥĪȻ̾
Ҳڲ뵽һ㣬Υ֣Ҳ
Լûʲôɱһٶնɱһ컯񽫣Ѿˡ
ȴҶ棡
ǱΪδϣҶ棡
Ҷȴǲ妵ƣĶź妵гһգҶر
ԣЦĸˣⱲûˣ±Ӿ͸ûˣ
ޣˣ֮صˣ±ӣ
ҲڴʱסҶķ⣬ҵһĪ谭ƿȥˡ
ʱһֱԿ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫڼֲסˡ
סˣҪ뿪ˡ
ţջɡҶĿⶼƽ
Īϣټ
ҶʥĪ깰˹֣ʥĪȴǿЦһ𣬿ºڡף
һʥĪͻȻһͳ˷֮УҾȲ㣬ȴһͬ𣡡
ҶȻĪϣǺοأ
Ϸ֮ǰţҲ㲻
˵䣬û鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫǣƣؾ˺գһ⣬ʧ޾Ļ֮С
ʧ֮ǰʥĪٴοһصķ򣬳һݣþò
ݳϿգųʧҶʥĪ꣬妷ĴЦԶ峤ͿһɣҲЦ
һͬЦģݵ˳ħʶ̫׷գ


2906 
Ҷ汻ڿҶɧսѾõĸ壬ǵһ¡
ʵϣҶ汻֮һʼĸ֮һЩٻͷһս͸˲ˡ
ħʶ̫׷ա
ʮλʥĪĨɱħ񹬵֪ħʦѻʧνء
ô˵ҶֵֵǺ˵ġ
ħʶ̫׷վģֵġ
ϾЩħҶĵֹʮֹ
Ψһħʶ̫׷ʹģ֪ħʦ֮
Ϊ̫ӣȻ֪ħһλ֪ħ֮ѣҲ֪ʧһλ֪ħ񹬶ԣζʲô
չ飬ϣʹħ񹬣ħʶ̫ӡ
ԣħʶ̫׷ջЦˡ
õҶ汻Ϣħ̫ӴƣҲЦˡ
Цĺܿġ
Ҷ汻µĽ֣ڿԲŶĸһˡ
ЦҲЩģִȴЦЩңִŵЦݸǲЦ
Ȼ٣ȻлָطҲҪƵĴۡ
ȻЦĵģҪͿˡ
Ҷ汻֮ΪںݳǵǾѪݵ峤ͿһʱͽϢ˳໢˵ĺڻԡ
ͿʦȻ㣡
໢ڻˣͿ˴ĴָǺµǾʦ㣬±ҲҪʥĪɱںݡ
ȻųƲʥĪƴǰɻ
ͿƴǵĽЩޡ
ΪԣĽ飬˾ѪҶĻһ£űܿ˱ʥĪɱ֮١
ȻͿԤϵʥĪ᲻һеĳ֡
ͿԤϵ֮£ҶᱬͬѰֶΣûϵǸˣʧɾˡ
ͿԤϣҶ汻ʥǿܻᱨԵĳø˾Ѫ׼û뵽ţܿʥĪľɱ
һսУʧһλִ񽫣ȴֻʧ˼ʮλӮҡ
Ȼˮ塢ˮֻʧʮλʹߣʧСġ
ҶɧսǵӰҲСġ
ʧҵģҪһˡ
ʥȴʮλˣҲ֮ǰսУʥĪһĨɱ
սǣ˴λʮλʥȣȫȫû
ڵڣ嶼ûյǵʥȫûϢ
ʵ֪ͨϢס
ħ廹ԼʦͿˣСͨѶŲһͿɡ
ֻǣħ壬û֪ͨ
ؼǣô˵
ΪʲôǳﱻȫǾѪǵʥ屻ģ
ɵ
ⲻýͣԲͣ
Ȼһεİź⡣
Ͼ峤Ϳˣľʦ
˵ĻϣΪԼıɫĽ֣֮һԼδľߣҲδѡ
ԣͷԶͿ֮ޡ
ʵϣݵĶô󣬾Ѳ˾Ȼ֪ˡ
ôɲǰ״ġ
ӴսһʼݳǵսǱͬ͵ػʹڵġ
ʊ¡ĺܽţ
ĺܽš
ʥĪ˻˹ƣҶɱħ֪ħʦѵʱʊ¡ֱ
ż
˻ԸһҶʥĪ꣬ǻٷ
ִһһֵʱʊ¡һ
иıĻᡣ
󣬵ʊ¡յʥĪɣҶ汻Ϣ֮󣬾Ȼϲ͵һԼȡ
ʊ¡˲ϢͷӦʱǬڣɻڼܹͯºµսء
Ȼ˵ڼܹεˣԴӳ㳯ǵ֮ʊ¡ԼڼܹܣѾһ
ʊ¡ı£˲ϢСơ
Ĵȣʊ¡ı֮£ͱһЩִʹ
ħ壬ɸˣ
£ͷĿڼܹͯºһ˫üëȴʹľ
ͯºڻʹ˱һɫ۲Թɫ֮ǿʊ¡֪١
һ۾Ϳʊ¡Ҷ汻֮ĸˡ
ؼǣ֮ķŭΪװڼܹܿ
һڼܹܣòʵ۵ΣҪʵװģֱһλڼܹı
òʵ۵ΣûʵϷΪڼܹܻжǰ;
һʱ䣬ոճȨζûõڼܹͯºͷʹޱȡ

ݳԶУ͵ʥ˾ĿʥĪƴɣĿҶ汻÷
䣬ʥ˾мʮλ֣Ϳ׵ľȳҶ棬ʥĪꡣ
ǣ˾ûг֡
ûڶȨԮ
ֻǾĿʥĪƴҶ汻𣬿ħ塢ڿЦ
ȡ
Լʱ֮󣬾Ŀ˰εʥ˾һεĻת
ʱʥĪնִ֮䣬Ҷǲ֪١
ħľˣΪ٣ҶʥĪΪ棬ʵ̫գ


2907 һ
ʱʥĪնִ֮䣬Ҷǲ֪١
֪١ĸ֣ħһ㣬óֹرò԰ޱȣһ£ͻȻʥ˵֪ʲô˼
˾ųֹһĿɬǸ£ûпҶκټ
Ŀǰ֪Ѳ˾Ǳߣȫ죡

ֹٴһףȴޱȣȥصҶǻ϶ƣĪʥӦơ
ǵǷá
ȷʵ
ö˾ԸȨİεص鿴¡
֮󣬵ȨİͻˣҶƻã϶š
ĪʥϣȴǳƣηǳĲ
Ϣóֹڸһ˿ѪɫֻҪ˻žͺá
ϵѲ˾ؼ࣬ȫѰҶ䡣
ֹȻ﷢ʩ⣬ҶʥĪκһҪԸǵأ컯
Ǻǿ컯
ҪȻǿ϶ԸҶʥĪꡣ
ǰȥԮĶ˾ʥϲϡ
ԣ˺ǿ󣬷ǳǿ
пϵ컯񽫡
£һҵҶʥĪ䣬е϶ǾȲҶʥĪꡣ
ΪбҪλϵ컯񽫼ʥΪӪҶʥĪꡣ
ҲΪ˶Կ컯ǿ壡ֹ˵
ֹⷬ˵оݣ˵˵ڳĵȨǵĿˡ
أеĵȨǵĿⶼ˴׼衣
ҪģĻ컯ʥΨд׼Ȩ
׼ٻѶλ컯񽫾ʥԱӪҶʥĪ꣬ǿ֣춯컯Ȩİͷ
󣬵ߴȨٲھŴȨսˣǰŴ׼
һʹ˴󲿷ֵȨ
һַڶӪȨ˿Ҳǰ
һʱ䣬׼ˣȻߴ˳ࡣ
Σô׼谵Ȼ
ڵӪϵУҺء
Ӫϵһ㶼ڶУһŽġ
нոߴųɵȨŴ׼
˵£ôĵȨ׼ͬ⣬ܡ
ǣҵڶ˾ȴڳңԶȻᵽһ˿ͬѰζ
ԣ׼貢ûϴӦȰϵԼҵڡ
ܿģ˾ָʾ
Լڵָʾö⡣
ȫĳϣöЩɻˡ
ܿģλ׼ּƷ׼£һʱ֮󣬶ɽڣԻλ컯񽫼ʥ
һȨ¸Ǵ󶨡
ô컯񽫼ʥ֣컯ǾȻҶ棬ˮ֮¡
񣬿˵¾㱸ֻǷ硪ֻҪѲ˾ؼҵҶ䣬ʥͿ㳲˼汨
ǣȴһֱ
ֹȨİһѲ˾˴˾³ڼܹͯº£ǣСʱȥˣ˵ǲҶʥĪλãǵ䶼鲻
Ҳ䣬ȻڼǿʥҲ޴Ӿˣֻż
Ȼľǳֹˡ
ֹһȨżʱҶҲż
ʱ˿̣ҶɱǷ⵱УһеģϢ΢ʥĪꡣ
ʥĪڼȱ֮󣬻ɱִ֮ȫδ֮Ȼ;ƿˡ
ȫ֮Уһǲڵ裬һҲҪҶһ̡
ΪʥĪǷ֮صĿֲ
ʲô
£
ѰҲ£
£İκһˣ
ҶСӣϾҪִ֮ˣ²£ʥĪ겻Ϣļ½ȴҶ˼ҳ
ʲôµġ
ҶһںĪ㣬ΪϢǱԴϢڷٵµٲ취ǣ
ҵĪȻҽճ֣Ѿ֮ˣֺξ壡
ĵģ㣡
ʲôʲôõĵģһζѣҶЦ
£ֵʥĪ귢ˣһΣ
ô£˵


2908 ֮
ЩӶǻˮļһŪķ֮أôһΣ
ô£˵ʥĪ꼱ˡ
Īϣ²һζѣģӦ㡣
Ϣôڵ䣿Ҷ治ʡ
ԣʥĪһЦôȻǶطԭҪȻϷͬ컯񽫵۷ΪѣôѹλΪ컯񽫲˵նһλ
طĴۣĽΣҶ濴ʥĪʵ
Σ
ʥĪȻˬʵĴЦһѣ
Ϸ򱻻֮նɱĵߴǧһλ컯񽫸ϷǰȻ㹻ˡ
Ϸһˣֵˣ
Ϸĵ㣡
ΪϷһνɳ֣û뵽㡣˵һΣ̼Ϸ죬Ҳûκźˡ
˵꣬ʥĪЦƽĿҶϷ֪䣬нյĳɾͣϿ϶ܡ
ϷѾǸˣԪ಻ᳬˡ
ԣһ漰ܣҲԷĵĸϷϷǰһİ
ֻԪˣ
ǰϷıԴȻ;ƿݣˡϷֻһİ֪֮أԵǲһΣʥĪ˵
˵̶ϣҶȻʥĪĪϣ֮д˰գΪһռ鱦
Ʒռ鱦Ҷֲһ䣬ֺȵԪɡ
һµʮԪ챦鰢ԪԳΣͷųԼϢ
Ʒ鱦
ʥĪ¶֮ɫֲãû뵽㾹ȻһƷռ鱦ȻǷ
֮⣿
£ֵҶȻˣ֮⣬ʲô˼
ʥĪϸ˿ɫ㲻ΪƾһƷռ鱦ܹķ֮ذɣ
ѵ𣿡Ҷ̲ס鴤һ£ͻȻһֲõԤС
Ҫ֪Ƿ֮УҶҲûһ˿һĻңʲô
ռ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ
ϴҶŪôʥӥ飬ԪѾָ
֮ԪѾԽпռŲˡ
³ԶĿռŲҪ֧ţҶţСӦÿ֧ġ
ԣʲô飬ҶһҲġ
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫڣһ
ڣʥĪһ˵ҶͻȻ;ģ¿û֮ǰô򵥡
Ҷʱı֣»ȻƲҶпռ鱦ˣô飬¾ûôˡ
ѵụ̂ʥĪʵ
ûСҶҡҡͷ

ʥĪ귢һʹĳ̾չ黹Ϸ㰡
ҶԽľĪϣô˵Ƿ֮أƷռ鱦Ҳ޷ӳ
ʥĪҡͷǵÿ˭컯컯Ϊޱȵľͨռͨ߶Ʒռ鱦пӳǷ֮صĿܡ

ҶһǷ֮ô
Ϊ֮ʲôģʥĪʹ֮ɫԡ
֮أĶԵħ
Ϊָӵĸָԭ򣬶ǿˣɱˣֻ߲ɱҶһ
ǣȴͨһЩ޳ֶܵη
Ƿ֮صá
£֮ԵĿ궼컯컯
ϣΪ컯̶ȣԿռͨطһ̶ȵоռ鱦
룬ûпƿռ鱦ռطİ취ķ֮أס컯Ĵڣ
ϣÿһ÷ĴڣǾž޵Ĵڡ
˵ʥĪٴγ̾һǷ֮أϷûȥǣļУһλ컯ʥܾǱŪ˷֮ء
ʮǰԪ֮䷢ħ֣λ컯ʥ쾫ӭħħ
ϧؼʱ̣λ컯ʥȴĪʧʧȥľӭħħľ񱻴ܣʧ޴ħɴںĴ½վ˽Ÿڡ
飬ݼλĿõʥ˵λ컯ʥһʧġ
λ컯ʥʧ⣬пܾǷ飬ֻǣߣһֱû֤ݣΪͲ֮ˡ
ҶȴǾˡ
컯ʥȻҲˡ

ɵͬʱҶͻȻ͵
֮ʥĪ˵һռ鱦ʮԪ챦õĻأ
棬ʥĪ飬ȴԽĿɬ
ΪҶ棬ޱȵİûڡ
Īϣ״ֻܵ͡𣿡һҶ潫ĿתʥĪϡ
ʥĪ˵ͷԴѾĵһɶֻܵϷӱѵһעģգȴ㡭
ϱ۲ۣûϳ֣ܻܲ˵ء
ˣûиٵķ
ûУ
ʥĪشĺܿ϶һ㣬ôȱεĳԣһѣĵľǱԴûκٵĿˡ
ԸԹûУǿǲ䱾ԴʥƷҶ˵
ûԹǵڵ伮أԸС
УҪԡ
ʥĪܾУҶͽһٵԸʥĪڣȻ󾲾Ĺ۲ʥĪϢ仯


2909 
һٵԸע£ʥĪǳ˥ϢȻȻסˣ½
Ҷϲ⡣
ϢסʥĪоˣڶʱΪԴݽ߶۴ĸԣǺ¡
֮ʥĪ껺۾Щ⡣
û뵽ԸȻеá
þͺãĪϣ˵ҪٲָܻﻹСʥĪ꣬Ҷʱ˿̣Ѿûжٱˡ
ԸܶࣿʥĪüë͵һ
ҲǺܶ࣬㱨ֻҪУһȫóҶ˵
ԣʥĪȴҡͷЩѾˡ
ҶȻˣ
ǰЩԸϷʥԴȶԼܹϷ¡
££ֵҶȻˣҶֳһٵԸܹµֵ
ģڵԸٿԸ꣡Ҷ˵
ꣿʥĪ͵صɴ۾㵽жԸΣ
ʥĪ˰֣Ȼûκ˼ûõġٶԸҲֻ¡
ô
ʥԴ籭ԴˮӶѾˣôװסˮ
ԸԲ䱾ԴҲǸѾ˵ı˿©֮ˮѡ
ˮҿһֱȥԶ©꣡Ҷᶨ
ԣʥĪȴЦڵĺӵ𣿲ˮֻԽԽ
֮籭һʥԴͻ᳹׵ı飬ٶˮҲҵ
ҶȻͷӿһĪкʹУգȲʥĪ
ܶµҲ֪ˣҸһȥ֮أŬһ£ܸܲҵ뿪ķʥĪ˵
ĪϣԸܸ𣿡Ҷһʹࡣ
ǲܡʥĪҡҡͷʵԸеõġ
ֻʥԴڱ٣ãҽմս֮ǰ˵ܹԸϰ꣬Ҳпܵġ
˵ʥĪͻȻ
ҶСӣһҪи㣬лȥĻһҪϷʥĪ˵
ĪԸ
֮ǰ׼ʰݵԭʱȴ޹飬֪ģԭߵʥþ취Ҳûв鵽ѵļ¼
ǰԭ׼ԣɣʥûκαѵļ¼
ˣʥˡ
Ϊ˯֮󱻻ѵ컯񽫼ʥԪꡣ
⻹緲һκ£пܻõԪ
ʥѣΪ˷ӳǿս
ʷϣѵ컯񽫼ʥԪ߶ûгꡣ
˵Ļʥѵʱ䣬Ѿϡ
λôʱԪأ
˵Ը
ǵģ֮ǰһû뵽쳢Ը֮ȴ֣дԸ˵ܹЩѵʥԪ
˵Ļ̫ˣʥĪ˵
ָ
ǰ䣬ܹӵкõóԸģ˭
ʥϣϷ°
ԣԺлȥһҪȥ˵ʥĪͻȻЦҲǣڻȥķš
˵䣬ҶʥĪ⣬Ȼҵһ£Ȼɢ
ĿҶ̲סգһ۾һ磬ͳҶǰ
ҶĽ£ĴԭҶĿԿĲԭϱܵȺܵĿ
ӯӯ̲ҡڣһȻģ
Ƿ֮𣿡ʥĪҶ棬һĺ棬ȥɽˮ飬
ʥĪûӦСĴ߶Ӧ˷
˫أҶһݣһ£̵ĲҺɢŨŨζǴζҶ治ɵһЩ
ĪϣⶫģǻȻ磬ôΪأҶɻ
ʥĪҲɻ֮ɫҲЩ벻ף磬ôΪء
˵һ룬ʥĪɫͻȻͱѿޱȣҶСӣϸӦһ£ΪʲôϷûӦһ˿һԪ
ûԪ
Ҷɫ䣬͵ɢ˷Ҷɫͱѿޱȡ
ûһ˿һԪ


2910 ޾
ҶطһɫǳޡɡһĺɫСǵСĢһȴһء
ÿضǵСһأ߸һأֻҶڴôãδ
ԵģҶֻǰ֮سΪ޾ء
֮ǰʥĪֵģ޾أȻȻûԪ
ΪֹҶСèѾ޾ص˽һ룬ϵ£ûзһ˿һԪ
ȻҶ滹ҶԽУҵԪһϣˡ
Ȼǰ޾أӦһеС磬ˮȫڣûԪ
ûԪûʲôӰ죬ָĶҲǻĺúõġ
ΨһӰ죬ȱԪУǼҩģЩͨĶԪǳͣ˵ǳɾˡ
ͨٲĶ
ǣ߶ԣӰʹˣǳ
ڵҶ棬Сèţ̽޾أԪ磬СèҶ棬һ߷һԪĵġ
СèҶԼԷкܳʱġ
ڣûԪĺ޾ڣֻܴԼڵ
ڵһһ㣬һĹˣֻʯ䡣
߶ԣһֲܿ顣
Ҫʯأ
ҶΪռԭ򣬴ʯĿƣһ졣
ݽߣǿΪҲûá
ʱֻ޾صͨһ޷죬Ҳ޷ݵء
ңʧȥԪ飬սήԪ̣ջ
ǾǶһ׳־ֲ財
ҶѾЩףΪʲôҪз֮ˡ
Ҷûз
ȻԪɢĿԲ󣬵ҶҪұ޾صÿһռ䣬Ѱҵ뿪Ļᡣ
޾أûһ˿һԪ޾صڣ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪȻʧȥ˶ռκθӦ
Ԫں޾ڲɿԽпռ䴩󣬵ǣ޾ⲿȴĪ˰ԪռκθӦ
֮Ҷ֮ǰνһκ档
Ԫ޷Ӧκռ䣬Ȼ޷пռŲˣҲ޷Ҷ뿪ˡ
ִ޾ص⼸죬ҶѾܶೢˡ
粻ϧƺ޾صĿռݣܲðԪӦռ䡣
εǣҶѾʮطĿռݣֱӺ˻ϢҲϧÿռݾþ޷ֺϣͼðԪӦռϢ
ϧǣҶ˳̶ȣ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪɸӦκռϢȻȻ޷ռŲˡ
Ҷɻ
Ҷ֮ǰƶϣ޾⣬˺ƴޱȵĿռ󷨣ðԪ޷ӦκռϢ
Ǻ˿ռݣԪɸӦκռϢ˹ˡ
һ·ϣʥĪ궼ֻڹ۲죬ûзκ
״ˣ±һءС
˵޾ڣ˭Ĵһ㣿
ǺʣСĴ
޾ȻûԪ󲿷ֵطˣˮݷźĻľ
Сͨ츳⺣ĻľڣȡһƿĲľֲġ
Ҷ桢СèǵĴģСǺõˣԣĿǰСڰҶ۲ܡ
һأǷֵĵʮĴ˰ɣߣȥҶ˵
СèһǰƬݲء
أҶں޾طֵһط
һЩطݲ޾صκ鶼ҽ룬ں޾صĴϣγһַ·˰һĵر
ǰߣҶѾʮء
ʮڣҶ淢ʮʬǡ
ʮʬУ߿ΪھԶԭѾ׵ķ绯˲дľ޴Թ֮⣬κϢ
ʮһʬУҶȴԴЩʬǵϢϣжϳǰΪ
һλ컯ˣʮλ컯񽫡
ȫǰ׹ǣ
ЩʬӦǱ𵽴ʱĸĸɾ֮һڴ˵ء
Ϊڴ˵أ˴Թ޾صֲͨԹ֮£ѹ޷棬ͳִݲľء
ʮأҶ޴ѹ
ʮλ컯񽫣ܱ𵽴˵أҲǾž֮ȴֻ޾ء
Ǻεȵľ
ҶҲǹ
ֱӽܹõʮһ컯񽫡컯˵ʬսռ䡣
ʱһںϣµħʮһӵ컯ǿħꡣ
ʱֵĵʮĴأҶҲǱĴ㣬ջһ컯񽫻컯˵ʬ˵
취
̤Ǿ߷Žʬ֮ǰʱ򣬸ӦʬɢǿϢԹʱҶ滹ʥĪɫˡ
ҶСӣûпʬǣӦһ컯ǿߵŹǣ컯ǿ߰ʥĪʱ˿ޱȵĿɬ
컯ǿߵŹǡţҶޱȵĿɬͷһ޷ݵľ컯ǿߣֻ˵


2911 յĹ·
Ҷǰģһ컯ǿߵŹǣҶǴĻҳڳġ
ɴ˿컯ǿʱٶǧϡ
ֻǧˣǰ컯ǿߵŹ÷ϢҶһֱĤݵĸо
컯Ϣ
컯ǿùĴͨߡ
ǣ֮ء
Ҷ棬ڡ
һ˲䣬ҶͻȻû˼޾صĶ
λ컯ǿ֮ǰ϶޾أҲԹָ
ں޾ء
컯ǿ߶ûκΰ취ֻ˵أҶأ
ʥĪָ컯ǿŹϻָߵߵǹͷ˽һĴ
ô׾ˣ
ʥĪ꣬ҶǷĿЦѾϿʥĪ˵
ҿκϣ
ʥĪҶϵģûзҶ˵Ҷǵ˵ͷ˵ʵĿǰԣϷҲûпκ˵صϣ
컯ǿ߶ֻο㣡
ҶĬԣʥĪȴǼڡ
ѡ񣡡
ѡ񣿡
һѡȻǵȴ㱻һ쵽㷢軹źֻ˯չǻᱻġ
Ȼ㱻֮ǰżʮϰʱ⣬Ҫʯ㣬ʱ⣬ܻꡣ
ڶѡأҶʵ
ڶѡ񰡡ʥĪ˲ãأҶСӣ㣬һصһɲǣעһ£֪
һעһ£
Ҷü˼һȻע˻ɳ᳤󣬻Լ·
ʥĪҡͷԣ롣
Ҷһݣһҧɬɬζͳ˿ǻ
һע飿ĪҶʵ
ʥĪ˵ͷгԳƺųƳЩ꣬Ҽʤ
ɼνĳҲǲȷġ
У߸ϵĵ棬ǲҲóˣ
ҿҲá
ҪȻΪʲôҪЪ˹ĻȡԸɼҲûĳ
ûĳߺͨ˾͸˵ˡ
ƽգǹң֮գ򡪡
һԣ·ʵյĹ·ÿһն̤ϵյ㡣
Ȼÿն̤·޾أʲôµأ
ҶʥĪ˼뷽跨Ŀ
Īϣֻڴ˵أڱ̤·ȴʵ𡣡
ʲôʵ𣿡
޾֮⣬ҿҿԼ顣
ҶСӣ˰ڲͬĵطͬ顣
޾к޾ڿ顣
Ҷ涨ĿʥĪ겻˵
ʵӦϷ˼ں޾⣬ں޾ڣչ鶼Ҫ̤·
Ȼչ鶼ҪΪʲôأ
ǣ޾ʲôأҶһ̯֣һΡ
磬ооһ¡
Уѵûзռ鱦޷ӦռϢǾ˵϶ǼĿռ󷨸ҳռ󷨵֮ƻ鱦ǲǾͿԸӦĿռϢȻͿɴأ
֮⣬̫ˣش
磬ȻûԪһ粻ûԪֻҪܴڣʹشԲش
ȻЩϷ˵С˵㻹кܶ
оо޻أڣϲԣ޽ϡ溱㶼о
ʥĪ˵ͷͷǵĭɣĪģҶ֮ǰ컯ǿߵŹ֮־ͻȻ͵˺ܶࡣ
ԭպֻڴ˵أ־ֱ޷ݡ
ǴʱʥĪô˵޾أƺҲֻǻһֻѣûеôֲ
ۺ޾⣬ˣչ鶼Ҫ̤·
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Ҳǣ¸չ鶼һѣСèߣ̽
һɲǣСèڿնʥĪȴЦˡ


2912 伫
Ѳ˾ڣžڸôλϵĳֹεѲ˾˾ͨͷ󺹡
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ΪĿǰûȷֻ֤֧֣Ѳ˾ڲһַ

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ʱҲãҲѲ˾˱һ˾ٻشһ⣬Դ֮󣬱Ҳʹͷ˾졣

˾֪ܹסҷҶĪʥĿռ˻˵ηУֻߣ֪ҵռķλĿܣֹ˵
ô˾³ɫһ࣬³Ҳˣֹֻǵ֪Ҷ䣬Ϊ£Ҳ˵ķǳϿҡ
£ܹĵѲ˾صʳصֿռӵпռ߲ͨơ
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˵ǰɣֹƵĿ⣬ô˾³߲֮ӣȷʵܡ
ôҵռķ
£һ֪ռ˵ؼߵ󷨸һпռϢֻüطߵߣִܵ
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ԣֹ΢΢ͷô˾³һϣֹȴٴﲻݡ
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ֻ˵ҵʲôĴڣпܾȳǷأ
³߶ԴˣЩɲµ˼󣿡
󣿡
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һֹɱƺô˾³߼䲻
ٶ컯Ĵڡ
컯𣿡
Уֹ뿪ˣԼԼ䣬³ˡꡯ֣ųֹ뿪˾³ͷҲһɡ


2913 ɱ
ħ֮߱һͨħĺõ֮ء
֮أݣʮݵĺ󷽣ڵķмһ֮ء
˿ڣռ֮أΪѡ
ǻһռ֮أΪ˿ڵԭ⼸һֱûôչ
֣Ѿһռɹ壬ٴοʼţѾѪеռ֮أһռ忤֮أǽݵİ֮С
ʵϣҪΪٵԭһֱܱء
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һΪ˿ڵԭħԣƴܰա
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ܲʥڵˣһʹ֡
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ʥӣڵĴڣͨ컯ˣǶ
һȴҶﻢһλ컯˵¡
ڴ֮ǰʥ٣ҲǱҶشʧһˡ
ʥȣһЩҶ֣֮һε䣬ҲҶйء
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ЦΪͷչҪݳѹһѹʼٸߣȴһҪݺݵı
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ǸҶǱ𵽾ˣǣзأ˺ѣһ֮ǰǾʹҶص⣬ֻûгɹ
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ħڡ
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֪ʦϣʵԹɱҶ棬ڷߺԼ
ŭԼûԤ֪һУߺֽܿ١
ħսĸʼħļƻʧܣ֪ħʦϣûܵӰ죬ճʳ
һΣ֪ħʦ䣬ȴ֪ħʦϣٴѾʮûнʳˣð༱вѡ
֪ħʦΪϣĵӣʵ̫ɫƽ㣬ʦТҪȻҲᱻ֪ħʦϣίΡ
ֻû뵽һҶ
Ҫ˵֪ħʦϣͷͨҲǼȵʮ첻ʳΡ
Ȼ֪ħʦϣ岻κ⣬Ƕ֪ħʦһԣľòпܵΪ䣬ǰĵġ
Ϊ֪֮ħʦϣĸ⣬ǶħԣǴѡ
ʦӣɱҶȻ𣬱ؽھȥʦΪԼ壬ҲΪ˽򲻿ͽ񡣡Ȱ
ãȴûκζ
ûȴǸӵļУɴͶ̹һһ죬һĿС
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ʦԸ
Ҷйصģ٣ΪߺꡢࡢǱȫʦͽ֪֮꣡ħʦϣһɱ⡣


2914 ս
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ĨϷˮװԼ侫ַ̳ķܣ֮ʯͤͳˡ
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Ҷ˵ͷƺЩ꣬ǴɱɱǳòܣָǸʯݣǿȴǴûй
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𵽺޾ʱʥĪ


2915 ؾ
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2916 ˷
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ʱϳɵʥĪ꣬ҶûӰȳһ¡
Ҷ;һ亹
ĻӰոճ俪ĺ޾صĿռݣͱʳ˷顣
޾صĿռĻУȻ˻籩Ȼ籩޾Ⲽá
ֻ籩˵ǵ컯Ҳ˲Ϣ˺飬컯ĴҲÿ
֮ǰλ컯ĴڣӦҲ뵽ƵķȴڴˣҲǴ·ͨ
Ի飬·ˡ
ڣҶʥĪֿܵķ뵽ֱӻ˽µ޾أôصĸֽ󷨣ǲҲˡ
ʱ򣬾˻֮УҶǲǾͿˣ
գҲǸˡ
һС磿
Ȼųƻأ췭ظֶصĸı䣬ʵ϶Ǳı䡣
ֱӻһС磬ʥĪ˵ȫʢʱڣ
ǣС֮Ǻ˱ĳܹ׵ɢ
磬ɱûʲô
ң֮ǰλں޾ص컯ûʩչĿֶΣ˵ں޾صصֶΡ
ȻʥĪƲ⣬Ҳλ컯磬൱ɱҲҪء
򲻵ѣλ컯뿪˵صϣڳøַ뿪
ɵ׾֮Ҫ˺޾أûԪĺ޾棬ʵ½
Ҫ޾ʱûӦ
ҶʥĪţλ컯Ĵڣǰ˵ʲô
µĶԻǸֻµг׵ʧˡ
ҲûԪֲĵطˡ

컯Ǿǿߣ˵أҲЩʲôԻߴֻ
ûԪûе޷ؾûؾıеһжʱʴ£ɢĸɸɾ
ҶʥĪǾ컯Ĵڣһʬǣ
˵µ̽뷢ֵλ컯ǿߵʬ壬Ҷӳ޾صĿԡ
ʥĪĳ⣬ҶĻ
Ҷң𵽺޾ʱʥĪɹѵʱڡ
ҪȻѰҵһһϣͿܣȻһһıɾ·ִһޱȼ͵׾ʧȥκϣ
ҵǣҶЩʱʥĪš
ʥĪҶо£ָҶһϣ
һпܵϣ
ңϣҶ桢ʥĪꡢԪ鰢鱦ʮԪ챦顢顢̫ŽЩ֪˶ٸµǹͬóƶϡ
޾Ƿأ뿪š
ǣ޾پչ黹統С
ֻҪ統УѲش
һС磬϶еģҲԪģĳصֶθػˡ
ֶΣп󷨡
һ޾Ϊ̵󷨡
һпǼȡԪռ䡢ռϢȶǿĴ
ôȻȻ顣
Ҫ󣬾Ҫҵۡ
йۣҶʥĪ꣬ȴһ˵ķ֡


2917 
κһ磬ٲءˮ硢
ءˮ硢ʲôأ
ʦ½봫µĵ伮УŸ־΢ĽͣŸֲͬεĽ͡
ֱ˵ָ˵ָ롮ءйصشˣҲǣǳĸӡ
ҶʥĪķ֣ȴڵءˮ硢ġ֮ϡ
ءˮ硢УиֲεĽͣǛsصܳ׶Ϥ
ʦ½봫µĵ伮УȴָͨϵĻ𣬴Ͻָͣ¶ȣֻʱ仯
νءˮ硢еĻָľҪɾһʺС磬Ҫʱ仯
˻¶̫˲У¶̫Ҳ޷档
Щֻ΢ԴϵĽͣ嵽ءˮ硢֮ϣνָǾǳ
ӻնԣÿС綼ǳÿһ磬ȴֱԼеǳ
ͨ˵ÿеǳʵǷֹ̫
νġ𡯡
ҲѾ֤ķǳȶءˮ硢𡯵ķʽ
ȻݸʵǿƸۺ񣬴ءˮ硢ʱҲһ
ֶκͼҵױһģֻҲֻΪ̫ضǳ
ֶκͼҵۻģַͷḻˣһʮضǳպķչҲͲһ
֮ǰ޾أӦеǳҲ̫
ǣôˣֱʥĪǰҶûз
޾أֻ̫û
ңҶʥĪ껹ں޾ڣҵʮ޴غͺںҵ
ҵ˲ȱǺˣҲֹһ顣
̫Ҳǳֻӵĳõǳ
еǳڵһģҲǵءˮ硢ʱüϡĵرƵģµǿɳǼѻġ
ˣҲȱǺһţϿ˵޾еǳ
ʥĪƶϣӦ֮ǰλ컯ĴΪ
ô컯ĴڣΪʲôҪ޾صЩеǳأ
ʥĪҶƶϣӦǷʲô
пǷ˺޾ռ䲨ռ䡢ԪĴۡ
Ȼλ컯ʧˡ
޾صеǳ֮ǳɹ޾صĴӦˣλ컯ĴڣҲں޾ˡ
˲ǣΪʲôλ컯ΪѰۣ޾صеǳˣȴ̫
컯Ϊ޾û̫ɺɿʱ䡣
ǣλ컯ȴ̫
ʥĪҶˡ
Ǻôǳ֮λ컯Ѿûк޾̫ˣ
ֻԭ
ҶʥĪͬʱһ˵ƶϡ
޾ص̫пǺ޾ռϢռ䲨Ԫռ⹴籩Ĵۡ
˵Ļô̫ȻͿƵ޾ڵ
ȻȻģҶͿˡ
ȻҲпܡ
޾ص̫ǲۣҪҶʵع۲̫֮󣬲ٽһƶϡ
Ҷֳ̫Žȣϧĺʯи߹ҵĺ޾ص̫ȥ
Ҳֻ̫ŽȣſԵס̫ɢĿֲ¡
ο޾ص̫Խ籩Խ
£һС̫Ҷ̫ŽȻ֣ǿԷٵ̫棬һġ
ǣǳľˡ
̫ŽȵıҶ޷ٺ̫
ٺ̫֮ңʱҶѾܵôֲĸ£ڵǱйһٱĵ
գ̫ŽȱҶִ˺̫·һǧﴦ
Ŀǻ죬Ҷһֱսζ̫Žĵ֮ޣСҲҪṩֲ֧ܴס
ǰˣһĬ̫ŽͻȻ˵
Ϊʲô
С̫֮ϣȻż䴿⡢ƺ̫𣬻־֣ôԶѾܵɱ⡣
ǰ̫֮ϵ̫ͻϯʱ˵㣬Ҽ̫ŽȣҲҪճɻҽ
ô
Ҷ澪֣ǽһ壬Ǻų̫֮ڣŪ̫м𣿡
ǻŵĽڣ̫ŽȵЩ߳ŭҶķ׽鲻֪ˣȹɵ̫Žȣ˻̫Ҳ֪ˣֻܱԾͲˣԿ䴿̫𣿡

˵ûк̫Ŀܣ
ʮӰɣ̫ŽȵĳҶ档
޷̤̫ҶֻܽøʥĪꡣ
һˣ̫һ޾ǸռϢռ䲨Ԫռ⹴籩Ĵۡ
һˡ
ʱδʥĪǿϲʥĪжֳ˾
ҶҲ뵽ˣʥĪΪʲôǿϲȴǾ
Ϊλ컯Ĵڣ޷Ϊ۵̫Ҷοܣ
λ컯Ĵڣ̫֮俪󣬲ԭ򣬶Ҳûк޾̫


2918 һ£ܻ
ҵۣȴûƿ۵
컯ĴڣûǸ⵱еľֱҪҪġ
ûзۣܸҶһϣ
Դӱ𵽺޾֮ҶѾϰˣȴΪľûʲôˡ
ʵܵˣǵʥĪꡣ
ĸҶѰϣû뵽ȴǾ
ԣǰԸʵΪҶ治ˡ
Ҷûκη˼
ֻҪһ˿ܣҶ涼Ҫ뿪޾ء
޾⣬ĺգŮĸĸֵܡ
Ҷǣߡ
ǣ޾أȴȥ
ʥĪڵڣѾопܵķգȫ˾
пۣܵҳˡ
ʥĪҶͻȻ䷢֣¿ˡ
ġ
Ҷ滹ܸʱռڵĿ޼˾ѲгϷָǵ
żʱȥˮlģˮlоȣĵҩ
ǹĺζġ
ܿģеЩ鶼ˡ
ΪûԪԭڵֻ֮ܿǰʯ档
ֻάģҶռڴʯ֧Ÿʮϰꡣ
ٹӦоٶȣ޾ڣ궼Ųȥ
һߺҩʦͻȻֻͨһײö
ͻȻ䣬Ͷúġ
ʲôˣҶȻͺˡ
ҶȻȻĽЩ˴ռ˳֪ʵ
ĻҺ;֮󣬵Ҳ
ٻţ
ң޾ҲһͨС磬ûԪ⣬ƺҲû̫
ҶµһǿĿ޼˾ˮlͽǣҲҶһʼں޾ؽ®ӡ
һ˻˷ޣҲɫ
Щ޼˾źҶӣȴҶˡ
ǻҶһ첻
Լżץ㿾һҲǸҶԼҵ
İڣҶʱ䶼˼
˼¡˼ʦηɰף˼ֹ˼ͫܡ£˼Զ½ĸĸҲ֪Ƕĺ
Ҳ֪֮ûиǴ鷳
ҶԿ϶֮󣬿϶һϵеӦһϵеӦ϶Ӱ쵽ǡ
һ뵽Ҷļ١
ʱڣҶǼ϶ˡ
ģҶҲͼ޿ɼˡ

һöûУ
ȻҲ˵Ҷ治
ľˡ
ҲûãֵòϢֲ𼱻ⲵģʲôã
ԣҶ潥ľȻˡ
˵Ļţ
ʥĪԣţлᣡ
ÿ죬Ҷʯȵ߷壬ź޾ص̫䣬ĿţʱһǴ¡
ƺҶ̫ĶУʲô޾ص̫
ʵϣʲôöûС
ԽԽľȻҶ棬һʯͷһɽۣϽ̦޺Ӳݡ

ݷֵ
һɢſֲϢӰΧݷֵһɭɭ˶ͷ­̽ݷֵڲڵš
ÿһݷֵڵЩͽǿߵԪϢͻһ֡
˵ǣЩǿߣֲӰ£һ˯һ
Ψһѵģһ컯˾ǿߡ
컯ˣ֮ǰ֮Ժפֵʱصǿߡ
컯ԭΪǸ
Ͼ񣬴ʱٵֵЩֵһó̵
û뵽ͻϮĿֲ飬֪ʩչʲôͨطȻ޵˿
ԪǱסһ֪ȴ޷κ
Щͽߺһģѣܹת֪ʱ˿ڷʲô
ǿֲľ޴ÿһԪͻһ֣һͬģԴ
޵ԴȻ׳Դһǰδеٶȱ
֮£Щʲô֪ͽǿߣʱڻȴһҸ
컯˼ᶼˡ
Ϣȥ
ƴһеŬڸֵλܵĴڷΪԷܵõĴ
Ͷ
ʲôԣ
ūԣҪɱң
ƺ컯˵ģá
˶ͷ­΢΢һ£ûκθľ޴飬ͻȻʹյ컯ǰ
У͸һĪѪȡ
컯ƴĵͷ
Ǻãһ£ܻ
컯ٴƴĵͷʱ˿̣˵Сʱδԥ˵
Ҷ
⣬컯ˣȻЩûӦ
ֻߣķ֮
֮ء컯ʲôҲ֪Ҷô¡
ǣȴҪȿ޻Ҫѿ
Ҷ汻Ǹطܣ˵һСС컯ˣ컯񽫣ǵλԵ͵컯֪
֪㻹ʲôãǸľ޴ͷ­͵ſ͡
ҡҿū
鲢û컯˵ģʮϢ컯˵Ԫ񳹵ʧؼ䶸ؽ˺Ѫꡣ
ͷ­ֻǴһһƾѪ꣬ͳʧ


2919 ҥ
ݷֵϿգֹӰ֣ȴʧ
Եĵλ컯ˡ
ǣλ컯ˣûʳҶ䣬ûʳνķ֮ص䡣
λ컯˵Ĵ𰸲ࡣ
λݣûʸ֪֮صܡ
ҪѰҶ߷֮صķλ¾ֻ컯컯п֪ˡ
ݷֵϿգλ컯˵Ԫʱؽµ̺شϢѪ꣬Ǿ޴Ϣ͵һء
һɲǣݷֵʮλǧλǿߵϢͬʱɢ
˶Ϣٴһ£ȴеδ˼Ȼеĳֹͺ
ڳΪɵ嶾飬ȻмֽɵӣŶãȻ˷ɵס
ֹһָɳһѪƮƮ嶾С
£嶾ŷһɫҺڹ⻪˳ֹ
ֹȴóһͼϸѰһĿ꣬Ӧȥأ
ˡܿģֹѡĿֵ֪꣬еĿܹҵ嶾ɳʲô̶أ
ʱܾܲȳǷأ
ЩֵǿĿ嶾ɳأֹȻǲô죬ȥѰ׳嶾أ
ޣħ壡ħ壡ֹ˲Ϣʧ
嶾飬ڲĽ֮˲ݴ嶾ط֮⣬κ
嶾طȴڲΨһһڶʱʵطֹӵʥŮУȻ֪嶾ط
ڴ֮ǰֹǲм嶾ġ
ΪʥŮӵпƺڵطʥŮеԭ򣬳ֵʱͻƵ컯ûκż
ǣҶ±֮󣬳ֺȻͷ֣κԼյ
ڲʥ࣬ǣųƴʥĶ˾ȴûоȻҶ棬ֻûͷûԵһĽ͡
ַ˿켣벻ϧһд۵ľˣɲС
һ䡮ΪءóûκΪ
󣬳ַ֣ҪˣҪҶԼ
޷ڶʱӵǿս
ѰѰȥ־Ϳʼ崫бΪɵ嶾֮ˡ
̶ʱڣ嶾ȻϢ컯ˣǿ󣬵ȱҲʾˣô
ֹȴһҲģֻҪڶʱܹʵ͹ˣ

ֹߺ⣬ȴǿҪˡ
ֵˡ
ЩͽʦͲ˵ˣλ컯˰ʧˡ
λ컯Ϣȥʱƹİ糣˾޴ѹ
컯˶ܹϢĸɵôĴ½ϳ̥أ
ոշһɱ컯Ҷ棬ֳһĪĿ컯ϢĹڡ
ߵɱַűʵĲͬ糶ҪǲǸҶӷ֮˳
ԭǰµķֵڱɱģȫǵԲȥ컯ȥ
û뵽컯Ҳס
Ǿֻ컯ˡ
ǣ֮ǰϵȨ֮Уֻλ컯񽫣ס
ִŻˣֻ֮ܰһλ컯񽫡
˼УóķֲֵϱߵķֵλÿѰһλĸֵأ


Ҷ汻ʧѾаʱˡ
ʵʼҶսϱʧٵϢֻܵ۹߲㡣
ҶıݹڣҲյϢ
⵱Ѳ˾ͨҲгֹǰ֪ᣬҲбݹڵԼĻƲ
ݹڣһԼַһʱ䣬ݹھͻ֪Ҷˡ
ݹģԼİ
㡢졢ǷİȻָϢ˵ҶˣȴȷҶ滹š
ΪҶˣô౻ҶƵѲǣɢˡ
ԣҶµǰڣĸ߲㣬㡢졢İţˣǺ򶨵ġ
һҲҡ
֪ԼҵĴ˧ţһ㹻ˡ
ԼҵĴ˧̫̫漣
Ҫ˵ǻš
ԣ㡢졢İţһҲġ
ǿǵǣԼҴ˧ʲôʱ
ǽ죬㡢졢İţĸҶĸȴһãһأ
𣿴˧ʧٵҥԣǴﴫģˮ


2920 ɢ
йҶʧٵϢݹʵͳƵıְԼӿƵĺԭʵһֱڷ״̬ġ
ΪҶѲ˾Ѳ˾ľڶ࣬ϢǷǳġ
ҶʧϢڱݹĸ߲֪
ǰְкԭڣҶʧٵϢͿʼʱڣʹķ׷
ˣҶʧٵϢͬʱʹʮҥԡ
кüҥԣɱ
ҶıѾʵնɱ
ҶʵѾħ屨ܣĿܡ
ʵҶʵѾսս˵ȡ
ҪƽأҥԲһ
ֻҪҶҶľѪȥһȦеҥԸơ
ڣҶ汾ʧ١
ҶڱڵǾ߾ѪҲΪҶıϢױԭ򣬱ľ
Ҳ߾Ѫ˱ݹ߲ϣ
ֻҪ߾ѪڣʹҶţϣ
ǣҥȴңѾ޷ƲҿʼӰӡ
ҶĿӰǿĿǰƻڿɿ֮С
ְ꿤ûôֹˡ
ǾеĽ죬׷ѯʵŭͬʱҲò⡣
Ӧôһεҥأ
мӿƵĺԭΪҶʧٵҥԣ˿Ҳǰӿ
ԭǸۣһ𵰵ĸۿڣķ弫ۡ
ҶʧٵҥԴԭڲҲ˰嵴֮⡣
ʷһεҥԿ²򵥡ţһء
ô˵
µĶɣþֶΣȻûв鵽ҥԵԴͷҥԵĴ죬Ƿ̽Ѳ˾ȫϣ޷ס
һһַǳٶȲ˾С
ΪһεҥԣԤıģ򲻿Եġţ˵
ڱݹְǱݹĳʷһְȴְ
Ʒײߣ𱱺ݹڵĲָʹְҪͣǣָʹְ񣬶ְֻܸ
Ψгʷһְʱ㱱ݹ
˵Ʋʵ
û֯ܣԱĶ࣬󣡡ţ˵
飡
һ鵽ף
ܲǺηһն
Ѳ˾򺣾ڣжҲɱԶһˡ
ţȴüͷ壬أӵҥô
ҥԲֹֻߣֹ࣡ӵ飬ð졣Ȼ˾ϣ˧£Ǳɡ
⡭
ʲô򺣾˧ȫǴԼεģҳԲ˵
ڸֻҪ򺣾ȣ˭ը̣˭ը̰ھͰĴ̣
˵ȻɱȻİµλȫٻأ꿤ְԭפһˣһκ쳣ֱ
вӦֻһҪ۷ʲôʲô⣬֮ڣҴ׵
İӦĺܸɴࡣ
ҶµľݴսʱΪҶİţͽ˺컯컯񽫵̺֮شϢ
һλħ컯񽫣ʮλ컯֮ؽµĸָĺôҶ氲ܱߵȥ˴룬벻ͻƶѡ
Ȼͻƣһս֮Ҷλ˵İλʵҲٴ
ӦԻǺܵġ
ݹһתһ֮ڣץˣҥԵĴΪ֮һ͡
ӵĽ췽棬ֱӴȥҶľѪ֤Ҷ滹ţֻԴ˧ĿǰڱչͻƣҪҥá
򺣾ڵһʱ䰲
򺣾һȣӼֱСơ
һѲֱӳںԭϿգԭӿİֱʧ
˲ת
ݹұ£ʼȡ
ǣݹұȻ죬ٴ
һεңȴΪս£
꿤Ѳ񽫵õ鱨ħӰ̽Ƶ쳣ֱɳİ̽顣
ݹЩħ̫һٶʮֱ꿤
һٶʮУħ̫µıħʰħĵʮ巽оܹµıţħ̫³̤ƽݹ
Ҫ֪ħʮŵУԽǰʵԽǿ˵ҲԽࡣ
ʮ巽оܹµľͳһٶʮ򣬼ӾʹӾĿ
֮ħ徫Ϊ·ų꿤ְ
ֹˣİһϢ
һħ̫ʮ巽оܹµ£䱸ħ񹬵ĵĿҪһ
˲Ϣ䣬ħƾ̩ɽѹһű
ҪҶڣҲûʲôĵġ
ԼҵĴ˧ڣ򺣾޵еģħɱһء
ǣҶ治ڣ
ûҶһĴڣ򺣾мս
Ȼģھ㡢컹ǿʼǰӦԡ
ǰϣħϮϢͻȻɢ
һͬɢģбˮٴξϢ
ˮľ飬ǱݹԼҲ֪


2921 ʹ
һҹ֮䣬ħҪ̤ƽϢͬʱݹұ¡
һͬģбˮϢ
ˮ鱨ӵĿţǧˮǰұ£ʱݹұе壬Ϊˮʳ
鴫ʱ򣬱ݹûе֪顣
ܿģ򱱺ݹӦõ㣬յʥˮļ
ԪˮˮХˮԪˮˮٴα֮ԪˮˮХУõȷ鱨ˮһεĿ꣬Ǳݹ
Ҫӱǰ
ûãյڵľѶѶͬйرˮġ
ڵľѶȴǸߣˮڣ컯Ĵ򣬶Ҳβ͡
Ŀǰ岻ˮ塣
ɴѹƫƫй¶ݹұȻҳһš
ݹұ£ȻвٸʼϼҴڵĳ뱱
ĻҹĴûЧֹס˴Եĳ롣
ȥǳĿֲ
ǣˮ廹ħоҪʱ䡣
енٶȣԾΪƫ͵ǸȺġ
нɲǵǿִ߳ܵ
ʵϣħľұ»ֲ̿ͬʱͱݹĸ߲㣬ȴǳ
ħ̫µİٻҪʮʱ䣬ִܹﳤ꿤Ҳһ֮󣬲ܹ꿤ǳ¡
㹥ǻѵʱ䣬ħ̫µĴһ˳·ûκεֵҪִﱱǳ£ҲԺ
Ŀǰħ̫µİҪ뱱ڣ³꿤֮ҲԺҪǳ£ûа꣬ǲܵġ
˵򺣾ڣܹܲ£ǻ˵
浱򺣾İ
Ŀǰոռᵽǰߵħʮ巽оܹµµгҪħ̫һµʱ䡣
ж漰鼫临ӣοڵйڡ
һݹʵʩҰսԣħĲͱ÷ǳҪ
κһĴҪǳԲӣҪġ
ˮ壬Զˡ
ˮĿǰոչԪˮԪˮĵҪҡ
ˮǧһ·ɱȥҪʱ䡣
֮ȻֲҪвҲǰԺ
ȥȻˣʵϣûôֲ
ǣĪȫɢֻγɣɵĺͲһˡ
ţһκǸһʱʱ䣬Ͳ˾ɢԴͷ
ԭʼЧķʽ
дħ뱱ˮĴƾͬʱڱұµĸسڵľ¥ջݵȹڳϡ
Ȼһ˷
Ȼţ鵽ԴͷҲǿƲס
ԭݹұ£˲شħˮĽ飬ڱݹұ¶ԣʲô
ͨƽգ֪ˣҲ¡
˾ˣٻ˾ǡ
ңħˮ壬ıƽԣǾǾǾǸıδıǮ
ǣһ֮ǰݹҶʧҥԽͱ÷ǳĿֲ
ټҶݹٳٲ¶棬ֻأ׾ֳˡ
ףصģȴǱݹڲܵľ޴ѹ
ħˮѹ£ݹҶ滹֣
Ȼ˵ļά౱ݹڲи߲㣬֮ǰҥԡ
󱱺ݹҶȶƵԽԽࡣ
һ̬ȣҲδһ̽
νɸΪ֮ڵΡ
ӦԽԽѡ
ǰħˮٽϢҲǳʵ
һޱ޼ʵĺѹѹصħоӰٽݹ˾޴ѹ
ֱӵĺǱݹڣĿʼĸ
һ㣬͹ĸ
ԭִܹ̾ȥ´ʱ򣬲ִȥӻ̽
ԭֻҪͨԱݹӦħˮпܵġ
£Ͳ˵ˡ
ݹڣѹɽĸ
龫ӦΣʱһһʹͨͻȻʹ˱ݹͻȻȻ
ʷˣԭʹױݹ٣ǰͨµʱһϲɫɡ


2922 ʹƼ
ʷлΪʹ
ԭױţ
ٵͨɫرѿһ˲䣬ѾĹϡ
⼸췢ֹ顣
һĹ죬üͷЩãȻʱʹʲô
֮£졢İ˵ηҪһ㣬ԻûзӦ
ǣżľٳ֣ޱȵʱҲͬˡ
һף֮ǰɽѹһ禵һɿйԱ͸¶֮ɫ
Ͼ·ˣݹٶħǧˮ˭ܲɣ
ǿħǧˮ
˵ܣ˵ʤҲȥ
ȥʣ
ƾݹұµļ֮أôܶԿˣ
֮ǰǻԴޱȵĵġ
ڣȴǳ׵ķˡ
ԭʱʹʲô
ɵĻĳʷ
һʷǱݹĳʷ˵ˣŹݹĴܼҡ
ڹܸĴܼңȨ󣬷޷Ρ
Ҷıݹʷ㵣һ
ʱԭʷлΪʹԭµӣ൱ԭˡ
һ棬Ҳ˵ԭϱߵĳ⡣
żˣȻµʹҪˡ
Ȼձ౱ˣ
ݹ򺣾½֪
ԭʱ˿Ҷʧ֮ʣܹݹ£ôԭµᱩ
򺣾ڴܾѾǿԸܵЩľӱȼĴˡ
Щ˻޲²⣬򺣾ֻأ
ֻΣ
󲿷ֵĴ𰸣򺣾
򺣾ʤģпܻ򺣾һǴʤ
Ȼž֮һүѣŵҲսľ
սôأ
Ŵõװȫĺ֧֣ȫλ֧֡
ϾǴܵģʤܰܣ
򺣾أģ
һССĵط첿ӣԭһȴսϣһѪսУӲĴʬɽѪд
ѪսСӾһ
һ֪
һԭõ򺣾ôǣסţ⡣
ֻҪʱʣԭʱȡ֮
ңҶıݹұ£ɲǾӡ
ЩҶıݹұ·ǳƽȣȻвϣǱѹûв
ټϱྸʹñľõõȫķչ˵˿ڵȶߣҲñݹұµʳԽԽߡ
˵ݹұµһ֮أ;ԣȵͨһ֮صˡ
˵ļֵĴ󲻴
ʱıݹ۵ı䣬ĸ£ͷ·ڿһһ
нϾȻ¶ɺϲ֮ɫ
һĪı⣬νɢ
δʹ£ţ¹
ʷʹʮ֮£ʷʹԣʷλٻȫڴ˿ˡ
ؽҧɫࡣ
¹Ļرȴһһ
ʷ߻ӊҲʹ˴Եм׼ʷ
ʷĻӊԨʹʱڸڻţ볤ʷ飬볤ʷһ
ôƽѵһĶʹȫݹΪȡݹɼݹļֵڡ
ʱ˿̣ЩӵĽ죬ٱҲӦ˹ЩǴʱ˿ʹʲô
Ҫձ౱ݹұµ
˿رݹµһɱݹ˲ѡ
ΪӴʱ˿̿Ϊʷ㣬ѡñݹͶһλôٲǵٻ
˱ʵ㣬һ࣬ȴԾ
ЩʹأЩʹأ
һʱ䣬¾Щ϶
϶ߵЩʹȴǼˡ
Ͷ˱ңǿɾʧˡ
ԭͼλʹУģҲɱ֮ġ
ܿģ´ſڣʹ˾
ȴĳʷԭʹȻֱӴ˽
´ſڵڴ˱ݹƮҡ֮ʣԭʹԴǺ֮£Ȼֻ赲Ͱư͵ıԭʹл˽
ֱӴԭʹл棬Ǿŭӡ
Ҳû뵽ݹƻڣڲȻˡ
Ȼݹڵǳ򺣾ҲǾþѵľ񣬴ʱȴֱӷŽ´ֱ
ŭʱԭʹлͻȻ㳤Ҿס
һǽʮȵҾ
ڴܣǳ֮⣬ˡ
ԭĳʷܹгһ񣬿νǳģҲνǴ󵨣˲Ϣͽ´˵Ŀ˹ȥ
Ȼͽѹȥ
ʷλԭлĳͻֻ³ͻȻлĳֻܴ´λ½⣡ԭĳʷлٴ˳Ҿ˲ϢͻȨ˹ȥ󣬾ϲ˵


2923 Žɱ
λˡлĳֱԣ濴ݹĿǰٵѣʵǱݹʧħˮǧϮвͻᱻ̤ƽһ
ʵϣⲢǱΣ
λΣʵԴԴڲ
ˡлĳֱԣΪݹǿӲ磬±ݹصĹϵ
ҿԺȷ˵ΪԭطǲҲɳԮģ
ʵħˮǧ£ǱԮֻع³ǣ
ع³ǣôݹ˵ȣվֻһ֡
һ´ڵı䣬ɫԭʹлϲ

ԭ£ȴǲǰӣűݹλ֦
֮ǰŵʽҪλŵֻҪݹұ¹£о޾Ĵ;
ң֤ԲὫǵڵλã
Ȼԭ֪λ֮ܣһֻܳҪԸ뿪ԭŸõλãſʩչܵĸ̨
лͱ֮ƣϲȴ´ڵ㶼⶯ѡ
ȴҶۣôлԣԭõͶЧ
´һڱ䣬ƵƵȻв⶯ˣֻ͹ţû˸ҵһڰˡ
ԭʹ״ϲΣѾ˰˳ɣټһĴ󹦾Ҫˡ
ɾлٴϲĿ֮ʣ´⣬ͻȻ˾ֵ

С治ǹģ
⣬ʮһֶڿȻ´İȫãһɫʿηɰףһĺ˪
Ϊ´ȻѪеԴ룬Ȼģ
ȫãнյݹֵУξһץնˣ
ηɰһ£ʱ̳תۼ䣬һУξͼűӿ¡
ͬʱηɰֱһ˽յ´š
м׷Уʦηɰ׳´бһ䡢ԭʹ㶼ֵĿ˹
ʵϣǷžߵĶֻû뵽ηɰ˱뺷
̰ɣ
ηɰ߳һ󷽵䣬ſͷͳ˳߸ߵѪ
ŨŨѪζ´ڵһڱͻȻ˲٣ϵϲɫɢ
ȴǸһ˿⡣
ûдãҪȻôᾪΪݹŮ˵ηɰס
ûʦηɰףǱݹŮˡ
Ȼ˵λݸߵĳֹδţʦηɰ׾ǱݹŮˡ
ԭʹлȻֵĿУηɰ׷ֱ´ãָıӱ
㣬Ҷ˧˵д֮ţȴѶϣ˵ҪĵѶë
ұôЩˣҶ˧ߣ㲻Ҷ˧ǰɱҲѧ֡
ãҲѶϡ
ʵ̫ʧˣηɰ˵
ͨ죬һȻˣˡ
ϴԭʹлȴǿȥˣٴοʼ粻֮࣬˵ηɰס
λǴıݹηɰװɣл濪ڡ
ʦηɰȴûл棬Ǽѵ㣬㣬֪𣿡
ˣ½ѹͲӦλлʹʱӦڵһʱ²ֵ

ش
ηɰ׵ĻΪ֮ȻҲЩ⡣
һԵԭʹлȴǴ󼱣ηɰװ˳ҪԸǲ֧ԭձ౱ݹʹá
Ҷˡлǿв廰
ݣ
ƥĽԭʹлûأԴȴѾ
´ñ𾪵
лȻϵĳʷΪȴǲͣڵΪ
Ȼͱηɰһնˡ
ŭ֮£лԪɳָηɰ׾ңѵݹұھ𡭡
ʦηɰȴͷҲأƥĽٴηɳһεĽ⣬ȴһ˿ǵıɷ⡣
ҡлļδηɰ׵Ľ⣬ͽԪֱն˷顣
ɢ
λԭʹҲûףʱ˿̣ηɰĵɱ
նɱԭʹл棬´ڵıηɰ׵ֶξ˵
ηɰȴٴνѵ㡣
ûŽɱ
Ҫһʼͽʹлնɱڵ鷳
һȻлָ̣һΣȷʵˣһΣκƵʲô߰ʹն
һΣηɰײŵ˵ͷ⻹࣬ǲȻˣ˾װɣ
ȥЩʲôӻʹĻӊԨʹ߻ӊصʹͷ
ǵӣзߣҲɱˣ
⣬ŵŽٽɭȻߣĹ򣬽
Уʮ˸Ѫܵͷͱһֶڿŵ´бǰ
λʹ¸ҷĶʮλȻնɱ
лһһʮһˣѷͶδã뽣ʾ£Žٽ̵ĻͷɢѪ˲ϢʹڵıɭȻ絶٣


2924 
´ڣݹһ
ʸƵĿĳ֮׵ԭءֱݹżηɰ׵Ŀ£ͷȻ͵һ亹
ʱˣǴ̱ǵѪζηɰ絶һĿ֮£һֵĸо
ǵеĺܶˣǱݹϳˣԼʲôﶼûе𣿡
ԣżͻȻͲһ¡
Ҫηɰ״ʱѣͻȻˣʮǰҶ棬սġ
Щ꣬Ҷмӣδս£걻ս¡
ʱͻȻ
һˣż;Լ֮ǰתͶ˵뷨Ƕô޴
裬ȻҶһ
Ȼ뷨ֱ޴
˵ģηɰȻףվڳ˵ĿȻﵽˡ
¶⾯ǲɵġ
Ҿͽڳλˣηɰһ߳´رޱȰ˸˴صĺ֮⣬
˲룬ǵıݹǵҶ˧Ŀǰȷʵһ鷳ĳʱ޷
ǣҿҶ˧ǳ飬ǷҥжǶҪסһ¡
ηɰ׵ĿٴδӱһɨֻҪҶ滹ţֻҪҶ滹ûǾֻܰĵݹ뷨ھʹְؼң
һǵҶ˧ˣǸǰ̣ηɰ׾ԲܣԱΪ֮ʣҲܡ
ǣֻҪҶ滹ţ˭ҪǸְ֮٣ݹηɰɱ˲գۡ
ʱĺǣηɰףǼλȡС˵
ηɰ׵߳һȻڳ˵Ĳһವĸо
ҷİҶ˧죬н֮ɾͣн֮λ
ԣҶ˧ֻҪţ˭б֮٣ҷİ׷磬Ҳɱ֮죡İ߳
ţɴ˼Σɴ֪֮飬ʼнգԣֻҪ˻һ죬ݹǴ˵ıݹ˭κβ֮٣𣬵ʱݹţĳͬ꣡
򺣾Ҷ˧һִֻҪҶ˧ţ򺣾ԶֻҶ˧򺣾ͳ򺣾ĺڣһս̬
һʱ䣬Ҷĸ׷ױ̬
ûϢݹĳ֮żУηɰ׳Ҿһ񣬡л˵ͷȣţܱѹɽлͷ֮롣
δɴпأ
Խ𣬲Ҷ˧ΪҶ˧ݹұѣ
ż̬ηɰĵ˵ͷ
żԣίʵЩǿѹҥԷ׷ףⲿѹɽڲҶʯ򣬱ݹڲŹ֡
ҲΪˣηɰҲһֱڰй۲죬ڴ˹ؼʱ̣һС
һԣȴ߲ѣΪʷסƣȻҪĸ֣ʵǲ
ʷʣµ飬飬ͲҪ˰ɣӦ֪ôɣηɰ׺س˵
²Ҳ˷ģ֪ôˣ
ţһ˼ƶ̣˼Ƴвɶ֮
лָ㣡
սԣҲ̫Ҫɱ֮ʱͨңηɰףɱ˻еġηɰ׵УɭȻ֮⡣
£ͷˣһ£Ҫ˳档˵

Ī³̣Ժר͹ȥһ֪˵
ηɰ׿һңȻ˼Լǳڱܵ뷨
ϾﱱƼȻ֮Ѿ˵ˡ
ǣЩ£Խ֪Խá
ηɰ׳壬ķΪ֮һҲʼǲǰӦԡ
ħˮҪ²ִܵݲá
㽫֮ǰЩͶĸʹߣȫ˻ȥ
Ҳηɰ׵˼
֮ǰηɰնɱΪ⡣
ǣηɰҲ˻ڷŻȥҲڱĴﱱ̬ȡ

ɶ񣬾ȻնɱʷŮǷ𣿡ݵԭĸۡУԭǴΪ
ɲԭŭ֮ǰΪ˳⣬Ϊ˳շҶĵ̣뽫ɹȥ
ҿþʦȰɣÿûɣҪɹȥǸŮһնˣĿ޶ˡ
һˣԭͱһͷ亹
ʦȥӴѪҪԱܣ򲻵ѣóԭһ
ңүҲӦ˰ٴȰɵ
֪
ǊԭغϲԼӡ
ȴҶŪû֮Ȼȴ޷֮λ
ʼ֮УѪ
֮Ȼʧȥ˻ʼѪȻĶӣ֮λֻѡˡ
ԭһӣǰ٤֮ǰȴҶŪ֮Ҳ޷ӵġ
ҵǣԭΣöŷͬѰӣа
ֻݣ֮λܿͽڰеһӸ˳
Պ˷ԭĴŭ
ʦ񱱺˺Ȼն˱ĳʷǱӦλӦأԭžʦ̵


2925 Ⱥ
үλӦҪ㱱ݹ뷨ˣʦ˵
뷨ʦԣԭ˵
ҪүҪйֻ߱뽫ݹұУ׳ү֮ɾʹҵ
ֻүʩԸ߸ϵ̬շ䣬ֻүֻշ򺣾߷ĵı˵
򺣾ͷĵıȫҪ붼û룬ԭ˵뷨
ˣүҪ´£ٵȴͼıˣҪȻΪ¶䣬ʧȥ뱱ĻᣬպүõҲõıõ򺣾Ҳǲо˵
ԣԭĬȻ˰ΣȻȻˣΪ˴ҵֻίлʷˡ
ȥлʷˣУɶˣ
үʺ񣡡

ηɰնɱʹߵϢʵȻģҪӻˡ
ʱڣҶʧ٣սϣҶĿӰȫֵսҲû˼ʥĪꡣ
ȻȻģĴ½սϣͻȻû˱
ȻֻûֿԷΪʤӰȫֵ
Ĵ½ս£ʼƽ
˵սС˵սµ˫ȡ˫ı;ʵʤעû̫Ĳ
ʵϣСΧĲǷǳ
СΧսڣⲻϡ
Ҷʧ֪ܲôˣƵ
սǰ鱨й¶սǰ鱨㣬ֻߺڹͻȻ⣬´ڲ㡣
߳˺ڲֿⱻħٵĴ¼
ܶʱս£ʤĿܵģǵЩС״֣صӰ쵽սսʿľʿս¡
£ս¾Ȼʤٰܶࡣ
ÿÿʧܣǶʧء
֮ǰҶʥĪѪսǵƺ͵̣͵Ȼ޴治˵СΪ
ܾȻۻʧ˾֮ء
Ϊˣʊ¡ûٷƢÿһŭв͹ԱԴء
ǣЩ飬ɱ˾ܹġ
ܵĹͻȻͷ֣ں۱λʊ¡Ȼ֮ʵϣȴǸϸĻ㲻ˡ
ʮս䣡
ÿһˣɱӦιԱƵ
ҪǣĹԱĺԩ
ڲĹԱ⣬ڲ⣬ܻǺһ¡
ħˣ֮٣ƺ
ٸӣѺεľתʹΪ˱֤ļʱִϧԪ߾ѪȻ߾ѪҪ·ߣҹ£Ϊ˱֤ת
ǾƤӵ£ˣƼͣһѻ˸ɸɾ
ºѲ˾飬Ҳûвɶ
ʊ¡ŭͿλתʹ
˵λתʹ

ɱɱ
ɱ
Ǿ
ǣҶʧǾ;еγˣÿζ鲻
Щתʹ۾˯Ҳ⡣
˵ʲô
˵Ǵڲ⣬ǾתʹΡ
ой¶
ǳĪģħķ·һ㶴ϤǰߴĲãǰߴܵĪ
£ͲǹԱˡ
ʊ¡ֻ֪ɱɱɱκٴ룬ȴԽԽ
ʧݿԽԽࡣ
ƺܳϵľԽŬʧܾԽࡣ
ȻҲ˻ɸ߲ڼ顣
ȥҲûҳ鲼ܾڲȫλڼ飬ûУ
£ܵĹǣͶΣͷֻɱ˵ʊ¡ʧˡ
ԭǷʲľתʹְ񣬾Ȼû˸ȥˡ
֮ͷҲڹڲˡ
ǺصĴӻͳ˵С
ƺλܵʊ¡ԪҲ쵽˰ɣ
췴£ܵĹǣȻͿʼ»ѡˣ˭ϻʵԽԽأ
ܣ̫Ӽġ
ӵУΪɫĵӻĻӊԨ߻ӊأˣΪ̫ӡ
ԭ̫Ҫоġ
ֻĻӊԨ߻ӊطֱ⣬ڣֻдӻˡ
ңӻɱĶ£ƺʺǰսȻȻģܵĹǣԷѡ˴ӊΪδĴ
صǣʼ׷ôӻĸۡӻĸۡſڰݷõĹǣϢﲻûķͷһձһʢ
ةŸŰݷãӻԳӭͳ֮ĵڶյĴ󳯻ʱ
ǬϣȺ飬̫ӣ


2926 ̫֮ı
ʵʊ¡ǹĵġ
ԭҲܼ򵥡
ԴҶ汻֮ʊ¡ļƻеķǳ˳ѹû֮ǰЩ¡
֮ǰʊ¡һǱۡʱĸ˾Ԥֿ˴ܾʯ޲FλӪ˴ơ
ǴƣҶƻˡ
նɱħ彫죬ոʧأ޵ʊ¡
ԴҶʧ֮ʊ¡ĸСֶΣͽеޱ˳
жǰͲ۽Ƕʧء
ܵƣʊ¡Ԥķٿȥ
ʊ¡оԼָ뾫ҲĹҵ֡
ĿǰиһĹ򣬶ʧĹӦòˣѹʵϵصҲĲˡ
ʱóеֶΣǬٷͿԽҵԳƳϵĻ
˵ʊ¡Щǹһһͷ
ȻҲЩˬ
Ϊʊ¡Ժĸ֪áܵƿ½
ףĿǰıȻ
һϴʤ̣Ȼأϴ̣ռ˵б½ٶȨĿܡ
ҲΪԭʊ¡ĽؼѲ˾
ֻҪɱ֣ټϻʼҲ֪µκҪķΣ
Ҳʊ¡ĵ
ҲΪԭʊ¡Ĵӻǰżس̤ơ
ٱĴܣҲġ
Ѳ˾ؼسҪ̫һ£ʊ¡֪ܲ
֪ˣжسҪ֪ˡ
ԭʊ¡˼ǲɳӣǻĻ߻
̫ӣͶ˵ѡ
˵
ǣһεصǣȻŽᡣ
ةŸͷɣʊ¡ܵĪѹ
Ǭϣó㶼ҪӻΪ̫ӡ
Ҫ֪ʊ¡ҪɳӣɳҲǳϱܲ
ʵѡļҪɳӵĸ֮£ȻûϢ
ءеľ馣ûнɲɳӣȺһɡ
ʊ¡ףǾĸسˡ
Ǵơ
󳯻ϵȺ̫һ£Ѿ˴ܵĹȺһΪ
ΪܹȺһԱľ馣ǲ干ˣԺûڹȺˡ
£Ⱥ̫ӵ飬ûκǬͨˡ
Σ
ʮǰʊ¡¡ʱûо˶İ붪ʧ֮£ôʊ¡ǿԽֽƹʽĽɸȥġ
ڣ֪˶ٵʊ¡ֻűˡ
̫Ӷѡ
ڴܣ̫ģǲġ
ֻ̫£Ⱥʊ¡ܵġ
ʊ¡Ͽɵͷһسæּͨ£׼Ϊ̫ӵڡ
̫ӿһ£νǣһȫ
ʊ¡ˬӸȺȺҲֻ졣
˻λ̫һ£ôļֵܣҲøз͡
˾Ͳ˵ˣĿǰĻԨ߻ƽء
λĻӣҲ͡
ɣһ˽ֱƽΪƽ
ǴǿعĹ
Ҫ˵ǣƽԭġ
ԭȰλضŵǴ߾λߣƽ֮
ʱƽֻǴеĵڶУ֮£֮ϡ
鷳¶ɳȥæˣʊ¡ڴ֮£˶Ǭ֮󣬾ͻضȥˡ
ȻʺֱƹļٷԴĶ
Ǻܲˬ
µĵںȨȨӲĴ˸ۿۣܲˬ
ھǰʱʊ¡ǷһͨƢ
ֻǵĲˬѣ
ڻ̫֮λӰ쵽ĵλֿԣѹû
ĴУɲø̫֮λܹµġ
ûһϵеȨĽӣ̫֮λҲֻݺʹ塣
ʱ˿̣Ҫģݺʹ壡
ϲ̫ӵ£ϲ̫ӵ£ĸۡڣá
ϵʷͿµһСС̣ϲޱȡ
ǶǴ֮Ǳۡɳˣڣǰ;Ǵõġ
ʱĻҲڵϲɫ
õ̫֮λͻȻ֣ûͻȻͿ˴ƣλ̫ӣ򰡣
ԣ£ոմӱɳʹ߱ηɰնɱһ£Ҳںˡ
ⱱݹ˲ʶ̧٣̫Ȩǻ֮󣬶Ǻڽ֮٣
赭д˵£ȴˣʷͿңͿڴ֮࣬Щɻ̫֮λѶǰλ̫ӵ£Ҫʲôأ
̫ӊͿһ񣬡̫֮ܵλҪл෽ıߣ
Ϳһ񣬡˳Ӧ֮£̫ӵˡ
ˣǱ̫ӻһָ㣡
̫ӵ뽲
֮ǰı֮£ӦΣ
ԸճͿɫͱˡ
̫ӊȴּ֣سǰԣ̫ӻı̫֮һ£Σ


2927 Ԯ
֮ǰ֮£Ϳ֪ġ
ǼҲΪȽɣҲֻͿ̫ӊ֪Դʱ̫ӊѯ
ͿʧɫԭҲܼ򵥡
̫ӵ£νĲ֮£Եʱԣð̫֮ӵѾλ̫ӣδλڣѾȫûбҪǲ֮ˡͿ˵
ԣ̫ӊȴǺٺٵЦȫûбҪҿص
ӹͿ룬üë˲Ϣ
Ǳ̫ùеߣռһҸʵϸڡ
ԵĿҸʵ壬ͣһձһսǿ
ϸڣһǰҸʹкתʱҸҲֻǸոջָ۷磬ҺʱѮղһΡ
ǰﵽ˼£ҹҹҺ󹬣ʱһҹŮǰʿʼƣҺ󹬱ΪһΣüΪɡ
˵̫Ҳ˰ɣ
м¼һǰ԰ԣƱʮһΣʮֻ
ʮһΣǱ֮أǱ̫ӣҲһٴΣҸ֮ȴ
һеһУ˵֮ǰƲǸ˵İʾȷġ
˵̫ӊȻˮҸʺпȻƵ˻Ԫɣٳɹ
ҪȻΪ̫ӣֻһӵ̫ˡ
п̫Ԫݽ߶ٳɹĸʻš
ͿĬȻĵ˵ͷ̫Լǡ
ǣ̫ӊͿ
̫ӵ£ȻˣѾλ̫ӣǲ֮£ǱԶǵ򲻵ѣö
̫ӵ˵̫֮λһ£ȴȫı
ϾıѾʧ̫һ£ֻҪкʵгһ˵̫ӵ¾м֮£ʱ򣬴ȨգǻΣ
̫ӊ񻺻ĵ˵ͷȻˣǱߡ
ţί߾ͺã˴ʱߴ٣²ġ
̫ӵպȨգýѹɳáͿ˵
֮ԣ̫ӽǣ

ħʥɽħڡ
֪ħʦһĳ࣬Ƕ֮
Ȼ˵Ҷ汻ħǰߵĽһħڲȴ⡣
ʱգȻħ񹬷ֵ¹ʣֵˣԵ£ȫ
ãûκˣ˶Ԫö
ǰȥûκĺۼ
ǵ۷ĵ㶼ڳ˯ȥһ㡣
˵ǣЩɱķֵȻûзѶǸľֻ˷֣űħ񹬵ġ
ĿǰѾûٶģŲ顣
ĸֵ٣ħ֪ͨħʦ༫ŭֱɳ׷ٵĵӰħʮλ컯׷飬ɳһλ컯񽫡
ܹ÷ֵ֮мǧϢȥĴڣΪӦ컯п컯񽫡
Ϊпı
ıӦǰ߱Ŷԣħ徳ں󷽣ֵ
ѵ治ʧһλ컯񽫼ʥ
֪ħʦͷˮ
ûãɳȥ˲Ϣ

һֵ١
ٵķֵ֮ǰû֣ɳѲʹ֮ŷ֡
ֵǧħ񹬵ľɱ
֪ħʦŭٴɳ˴컯˾ħ񣬻λ컯񽫾ħ
ǲʥħ񹬷ֵĸ֣Ҫ¡
֪ħʦŭɳ컯ֵͬʱħĳصϿգɢŨŨϢĳֹҲոյһ⼱Ѷ
һλ컯񽫣ʮλ컯Χһͻ˷飬ţħ¡ŭϢУƻǹģ
ʮλ컯ˣǲ壬ֻ컯񽫡
ҲգΪӪǲðգȻħ߲УǾ뿪ȥǱߵķֵһȦ
߰ɣ
ͺһ֣˺գֹ˲Ϣʧ

ݹڡ
ڲһо֮լȥĿǰݹĸηɰס
ħˮǿУļƻɲع³ǡ
ҪǱȫʧأסһǣҲûκ塣
ԣļƻҶ֮ǰսࡪڹ֮⣬ʧ
ҪȻħ廹ˮ壬ֻҪݹұκεطǵطͻ᳹׻ɽٶҲûκ塣
Ҫһ㣬⿿ҪԮ
Ϊ£ηɰ׵ġ


2928 ǰ֮
Ҫħˮ·ΧǾҪԮġ
ƾݹµʮ򺣾ʮħսūţԼһսһĳפжʮոѵûõ±ҪԿħǧˮ徫ѹܵġ
ҶŴ漣ͳ˧ڣţݹҪԮǿС
Ҷ治ڣԼûŵġ
ǣԮأ
֮ǰԭиոսλ̫ӊ񣬶ԳΪԮ
ǣǵҲڵĺǾǱݹұµ׹ǣпɳԮ
˵ηɰײܽܣҲǲܽܵġ
ֻĸηɰĸѶһ㡣
ĸηɰնЩνʹ֮󣬱Ԯأ
˼ãֻ뵽һ
ʵԭĳӣˮˮļƻ֮ڡ
գ׼Ԯǡڣ
ħˮΧ£ͨԮ޷𵽾ԵһãΪսڻҡ
У½·ħ򺣾뱱ݹµȫӦԡ
һţƾЩľӪ㻹еġ
Ǳˮ屼Ϯǧˮ壬ԵЩ޲ߣûʲôõս
ǰαˮʱҶѡڴԸˮ壬ֱƻ˱ˮ壬ԭҲֱӡ
ҪǴ򺣾ȥоѻˮ壬Ǻɵ޴顣
ˮڴеȻƣǴսɲǽʵһɵǳɱ
ˮڴս̫ˡ
෴ģ󺣣ʵͻԵܵ෽Ӱ͡
ǿʢʱҲΪ󺣵ԭ޷һΧĺա
Ȳ˵򺣾ͬʱħˮֵ£˵޷򺣾ǰѻˮ壬ôڰϰڿƣӭˮ壬ܿ˰ɣ
ʵǣҲС
ڰϰڿӭˮ壬Ҳвͨǿ޴
Ϊʲô
Ϊ
ˮˮ̫ˣǧ
سǡҪؿڵľ֮⣬򺣾ֻһҵĻ
ȫһҵĻˮֻҪͿסס
ʣ߰ˮ徫ò˶ãȫ߸𱱺
Ŀǰ޷ĵط
˼ȥ뵽ڡ
ø߶սһαˮˮֹںߣȡħӵʱ䣬˵ܹĿǰ⡣
ߣֻҶ棬߽иãڵĸ߲㻹ϣֻ󵽴ʱĸηɰϡ
гļƻηɰûκ뷨ֻǰУڡ
ʵϣηɰҲǴسηɰȴܼġ
سҶߵıȽϽ֮ǰҲͽ£йƵĽηɰܹ׵ļسݡ
ܿģηɰ׾⡣
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣڶԱˮ͸ƿأǱˮ嶼޷ġ
һܹȫôݹܹ׵ӦһεΣ
⣬سüͷȴǽҶˣǲ̫ð졣
ηɰ׽üһʱͰ𣬡ôǴˣ
ηɰɣسݺؾͿЦҶˣҪ⡣
ʵϣϷɳһ뾫ڱ
ǣУЩ͸Ͱƿصˮڹھ飬ᶯ
Ϸˣûж͸ƿصˮȨԣҪ鷳Ҷٵһᡣ
ϷҶ˹¡
Դˣηɰֻܵͷ
˼Ҷ˵Ҫڹˣηɰ׻˵ʲô
ǣڹ飬ȴηɰͷһӰ
ʲô£ֻҪһ࣬׳۶ӡ
ȻһλĿǰڵɽڵƽɽһͬηɰס
ηɰֱӵֲԤһһεĻ棬һʼͷǳĲѺá
ҶˣЩ͸յˮʵڱ֮ڣִƱıĺͥ׵˺
ǿƾ˥ľߡ
ԣ֮ǰҪ֪׼ȷ鱨Ҷʵ档ʵ
Ӧηɰ˵
ǾҶ׼ȷĻشҵȣҶԪ˧ĿǰΣ
ȥ
ĿǰǸʲô״
ܻܲ
ܹĻʲôʱܹ
Ȍڵķʣÿһʣηɰ׵ɫһ֡
ʵϣȌķϣηɰѾԼ֪ʲô
ɫһͬѿģдسݣȻȌʡ
λôʵ˼ǲҶܻǾҪ¿ڵˣηɰʵ
Ȼ
϶ǣ
Ȍس˽ȻͬĴ𰸣ڳȻҲȌ͵ؿ˴سݡ
ʦ֣Ǻ⣿Ҫ̨ǲڵˣ
سɫ࣬ʦܣĪˣ𣬰ʦŹأÿ£ڵҪ
ʦҲ˵ˣڵֻǼҪѣ¶ڵľ
ңʦ˵Ϊǰ֮ڵҪȡãȌЦ


2929 ֮
һ䡮ǰ֮࡯س͵ؽ촽
ΪȌ仰Ѿ˵һ׮޿ɱ沵ĺʷ
ҶڴˣҲ֪ڵĺʷġ
ηɰȴǲ֪Ϊеڲ
ʵڡǰ֮ʷڵҲһɣǵ򲻵ѣ˭Ը
ʱҲԪȌ鵱£سݣ˹Ȍϵľġ
Ҳֻܱտڲ̸
ȻسݶԹȌϵľȲԶԣȌ˱Ͼʦֵܡ
ͽηɰЦ֮⣬ڲ»ֻܱտڲԣͼ
سݱ죬λ˿ڣηɰ׾ͺЦһô˵ҪǱСඣҶ浱Ϲ˹ۣŻǺ
һسݡ϶һ˿֮ɫ
⼸Ĺ򣬿չɽʢޱȡ
Ȍľʹ˼ֱζ
ţ
Ȍȴֱ׳ҶˣھԲǱߣ
ηɰױǼ䷢һЦȻǲš
Ҷˣħ廹ˮ壬ǹݹұµĿسǣڵصĵӣԻ᲻ηĳս
ͬʱǱǻ򺣾ĸ߼ܵħˮĶ컯вڣǣơ
ЩҪģһ˵
ηɰȴҡͷҲףǱݹ䣬ڻܻ˺õķչ
ȌȴǴʣýҶ֪ڳȻ⣬սΪݹǣƵпܴڵ컯Ĵڣȴ岻ݴǣҲڵΣ
ԣηɰȴǹЦ
ڵ´Уλ棬ȴηɰһŮЦͷԡ
Ȍ˱ηɰ׷ЦЦŭʱηɰ׺Цڻûгɳ׳ȴѾѧĸˣҲ
ǣ
˵ڣηɰתߡ
ηɰ輰ʦţԱҵĶŭһվס
תߵηɰվסδתȴѳ𣬡ôȽҪһ
ȻˣǾͷڵĽ
סˡ
ʵôһŭֻΪηɰ꼰ʦţʶһ
Ǻͣηɰ֮Ҳ֪ô
ѵ˼ң
ηɰԣȥһ
ȲӮ£ηɰ״ҶԮϸĨǣ컯ڶѣЩص
ΧŹԮηɰףڵҪҪ
Ҫ֪˲֪ʲôֻǸСţڵļλȴǵڵ£涪ˡ
ң⻹ʤ˵¶ˡ
ˣķţ
˲Ϣ䣬Щˡ
գڣ˶Ρ
ҶŮкܣҵҶ˷ģڴӦ֮£Իս֮ʱȻɳ컯ǣħˮ컯
ԴˣηɰûκλӦЦ֮󣬾뿪
سݵ۾Ѿ˼ƺѾʹ˶ۡ
ˣѾˣʦܡʦܣ£Ӧøһ˰ɣسݿڵ
ͣ
Ȍһۣʦ֣һжΪڵٹ⣬Ϳɶԣ
Ҳ
سҡҡͷ񱱺ݹҶޱȿɵķչȫ֧ǷչĹ壬ΪʲôҪô׵ķ
˺ͻ£ǻܹҵ
ʦ֣˵ʵҵ˻ᣬǺˣɴܵκһ壬¶˿ɵķչȌĻشܹ
ǣسݶĿ˹Ȍ顣
ҶʧˣһزˣһûҶֵıһıֵڶøĺУûκ壡Ȍ˵
سȴǲȻɫ䣬ʦܣ֪Ҷ϶ǣȴƾܲ⡣
Ҷд֮ˣ£ȱʦҲȷϹġ
˴ֽ٣ܶɹôܻز
һ˵Ҳдȴһš
Ȍôسһ˲رͨ죬Ȍ飬ڹԭδйۣŴԴ³һǺξģ
س߳Ȍ龹ȻЦʦĪŭʵҷԣϷԣ
Ϸԣ
س뷢ţһΣŭˣ֮ʣȌٴοڽ͡
ʹԭɵǰøոյɵϿɢϢǸҶ棬ӦǱˣݲ֤ɢϢԴ
Ƿ֮أȥ˶ѷ˵Ҷˡ
ȷˣسȻЩţüɢϢҲţ
ߣȥɵɢϢкĿģǲйأسŵģõİΣ
ҡҡͷɢϢΪڣΪݹ
ɵϢڵһʱ䴫뱱ݹϽ
ʱ򣬱ݹҶ汻Զ޷عϢһڱ룬ս֮ʱɺεȵӰ죡
ڰˮħ壡
´ңŷ档һĬԵ࿪ڡ
سݵüͷȴǽǣϢɢģɢϢҲţ
ǲŵġǾ֮ȴ֣Ҷֻб𣬲ܽ͵ͨĿǰһ
ҪȻҲܹϵҶģǸӦһҶĴԼλġ
ǣҶǳʧһ˻ţôҲϵϣ˱𣬻ʲô
سȻʧ
ңµľҲǵõ˼λ̫ϵ׿ϵġȌ˵ҪȻɸ
˵䣬Ȍóһݸسݣʦ֣λ̫ϼֽ׶θ˸̫Ũ񣬶ڵطʱв
Լλ̫һ¾ӽֵһλͣ
ӽڵֵΣһӦݶΪꡣȌݳʱһЦ⡣
ˣڶȨɹ
سЩʧǣλʦܽţԭš
գ֮䣬ҲֻȽϿƣԽʼѾʼǰ̨ˣ
سʧ֮ʱȌٴοʼʩ֮٣ڵٹ⣬𣬸ҪӢĿһһϱڽǨתɵԴʱҪеɽţԱ


2930 Թ
ηɰ״ɽ뿪̸жٵķŭȴһĪĺ
˰æԮ£ηɰﻹеġ
Ҷ泣˵һ仰˰ݣǱݡ
ڲһ
Ŀǰıݹ˵һ湲ͬ塣
˵һپ١һĳ̶ȡ
ηɰ״Ҷ֪ԸһֱȻûйȻ˵Ǳݹĵˣжϣ뱱ݹһµĵˡ
ηɰԭΪӦ뱱ݹһ𹲶ѹء
û뵽õȴѣ
̫ܱˡ
ҶǶŻᱻȫȻѹķɽšٷĬ֧ڵķչ
ľ档
̶䣬յͽĿͳʮ
ûб֧֣ǲܵġ
Ҫ֪ܵĹٷĹһǲġ
ս𣬹ҲǿԵġ
ڱݹұ£ݹĹǾ͸ǿˡ
սƵȼҶȴܹս赲⣬ұȫչ
˽Ҷ浱ݡ
ڵķչУݹ׷˶á
ڣڲǰһȨϷηɰģسҲϷ
Ȼһνǣƾͽˡ
ηɰһŮ֮ʲô֪ȴʲô֡
ԣηɰ׺޲ھȥڵȌ˺ݺݵϸٽǲŹޡ
˵֮ţҶ浱ȫ֧֣Ϲˡ
ηɰװ޵ʱڵĴسȴ׷˳ٴηɰףλڵĴسһΡ
Ҷˣ֮£ϷʵǱǸ
ڵĴسʲôȴִʱһеĽͣǳĲ԰
ηɰ׸ĿһĪЦ֮⡣
س˲ؾ;˹Ҳʦ
ҶˣʱٶĻܱڴϵ⡣ϷڣҲ޷ڵ
ʱϷȴڵ
˵䣬سݾ͵һƵ⵹ηɰЩ졣
УΪԭ򣬵ĿԱȽ٣ǣҲһϷټһ־ӣȻౣɱ֮ǵǰЧ
˵سԿһ¾͵һ֮󣬵һٵӱݹΰš
ţηɰ׽ü΢΢һǵıͳ֮ɫȥ
سôͷǳгˡ
һٵһɲˡ
֮ǰηɰ׻سλϷĻɣʹʧ
ˣлشˡ
ηɰӦ£سȴЩۣæҶˣڵ٣ʱҶʹá
⣬ʱɳһڵУһֵӿɲ⼪ɴԼԤʱҶʹòο
شģʱһư˵ӣǵ
ԣسݸЦһֵ⣬޵컯ںʵ£ȫ
ʱҶֻ跢ɫ̼
֪мλ컯˿ҷ
ʮλ컯ˣһλ컯񽫣ĿǰϷֵ£ܹļˡس˵
Ŀηɰ״һ
ΪĿеҪ߲٣ֱѩ̼ˡ
ηɰΪس˽컯ֻû뵽ȴжʮ֮࣬Ȼһλ컯񽫡
ֻǣҶ˵ʱЩ컯˵ʱһҪ࿼ΣϾڲ࣬׷飬鷳س˵
Ҷġ
ǾͺãϷʹ˸ǣԺҶҪæҲֱϵϷ򡣡س˵
شס
Ҷ˻飿
شһģʲ²죬ششһ
Ҷ뽲
شڵηұݹߣһ֧ӦΪشɳ˶ȫ֧ԮѾھصıηɰʵ
⣿
سЩԥ˼˼ϢЦҶˣ⣬ϷҲһش𡣡
شʡ
ҶˣҶԪ˧ӱĿжأ
ҶĿԣ
⣬ֱʵηɰ׵
ҶĿԣ
˵ʵ⣬ηɰԼҲûд𰸡
ηɰ׶Ҷ棬һǷǳĵġ
һΣηɰԼҲûס
ţռ鱨ʹУηɰ׵õйҶ飬Ѿӽˡ
п֣컯ǿߡ
ηɰһĪֱѹĵ׵ľ
컯Ĵڣֻ֮Ĵڡ
ȴڳ֣ҶĿжأ
ηɰײһֱΪֻҪڣڣкڣҶֻҪţ;Բһֱ뷽跨Ŭ
ҾģĻʣɰɣ߳ɣηɰ˵һԼҲ޷ȫŵĴ𰸡
ϷΪҶԪ˧һ
һηɰ׶سޱȼᶨĴЩãȻ
ûڼţҶԪ˧һһᣡسޱȵļᶨ
ģηɰǿյĵףͻȻһģᶨҶһģ
ãȻҶһǵʱҶػرǱҶ棬ǶԹ
Դˣسݹ˹֣ЦηɰԶ롣


2931 ɼƻ
ݹڡ
عηɰټ죬һǰڵĽʵ档
֪Ϣһһɬ
ãŻڡ
ˣȻشһٵʮλ컯һλ컯Σȴ֮ǰ趨еβࡣ
Ψһõģʵһٵˡʮλ컯һλ컯񽫣ֻΪǣƺ͹ؼʱ̵ľ
Ŀǰ־£Ǳ׶컯˵»Եĺ
Ϊħ廹ˮԣǼµԣӵе컯̫ˡ˵
ΣôӦԡηɰʡ
طˣΣҪȡᡣ
ôȡᷨ
֮ǰͽʧˣ˵ؽʧʧأ˵ؽڡ
ĿǰֻǴʧˡ
½飬𣬾ͿʼʵмҰ֮ߣұ°ƾԱΪĵļǣȻء
⣬ˮͱҲӦó½ӵھͿںӵñˮפǸǿ˵
ʵƻҲһˮϮʱҶµһ±汱ˮļƻʱ޸ĺ˳
ƻηɰ׽ü壬ƻȷʵĿǰԱʵһЧеļƻ
ǣ£ܹضأ
صĽʲôأ
⣬ȴӵĿɬ
ˣƻһؼڵ㡪Ԯ֮£Ԯڼĥʿ;ͬʱл֮£Ƶоɹ⸴ʧء
ĿǰԣǻûҵһɿԮ˵
Ѿ⼱Ǳ߻ûлظ첹һ䡣
أ
ηɰЦǸʵ۵޲ɱҴ˧Ҵ˧Ԯ˰ɣ
ߣ˵زԮԮأбɣ
͹ٴοЦȻǿɬ
ǻϵ볤ֹ뼸λȨ˵ɳԮ˵
лӦ
У׼ױ
ʲô
ޱɣ
ηɰٴЦô˵ûκԮˡ
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תݹұ£Ҳɹ򡭡ٴβһ䡣
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˵ηɰͻس𣬡Ȼˣǲһת
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㣬죬򺣾󲿽ǣħǱߣܲܶס
˷ģܹסǻᾡѰսħ壬ˮǱߡ
ˮǱߣұǡηɰ˵
¹ر㲻Ҳʷˣкη룿
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֪ǣʥˮ⡣
Ϊʲô㲻⡣
ҪʲôȱҶ˧ڣҲǲʥˮģҲᰲ׶ʥˮĺֵġ
ڣʱסˮ飬ңǣøҰź¡
ʥˮˣҲڵһʱɶأǱġ

˼Ϣ͸˼ƻˣ⡣ԪˮˮХѾٽˮУǰϵԪˮХ
ʱռóʥˮֻֽ߰ʥˮҪǾͿڵһʱʥˮ
Ȼ֪ηɰΪʲôһڵһʱʥˮ׼ı
ıҲʵʩ
ˣȻˣǾִаɡ¡¡ǨغƻҪչʱڣҪˡ

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̫ӊһֱϣٲԸƽǸɼƻʵ
һƮݰĻε˵ͷȷʵˣԴΪ̫˵ƽƻʱǊˣԿ϶Ϊ̫֮λԸִǸɼƻˡ
̫ӊڣͻ֣ᷢǰΪϱˡ
ԣüͷǣɼƻһеļƻؼһ
һ޷̤ǽеļƻ޷УѾִеļƻ޷ӦеջĴƣҲ޷ʵ֡


2932 妹
һ£ʱִµµ糣ǼĳԲ˯á
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ʵΪֹҲֻ֪ƻһ֡
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ǽڵһֻƻִܼһƻ
ĿǰѾƻľȷ̬ɼƻ֮󣬲ִС
ԣɼƻǸƻԣҪ
ɼƻʲôأ
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ֻҪλֻҪִŴܵ鱦ôڤڤеͻӻ
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Ҫǣػʹ֮УҪɱֱܡ
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ЩżİһɭȻ˵̫ӣ̫֮󻹲ǼǾ̫ӡ
סųҥ֮󣬿Դв̫ӊٲϺ׳֤ݡ

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¹ӭ˹ɹһԵĻȻ֮ʣҲæȥ
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컯˺ڣ
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۵ǣ妾ȻһԽƷˡ
Ҫ֪컯ǧ궼ܹƷ˽Ʒˡ
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ܲĽ
ޱȵĽͻƳΪƷ컯֮󣬿ųƷˣ֮İ꣬һֱ޷ͻơ
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2933 ׼ľϲ
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мһĹ忪ʼغٽؼݵʲ
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ôӷݡݡܵĵλ˵
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Ҫ֪ħսսʵΪɣһݵԶս󷽵·ݣȻȫޱȡ
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·ؼԶȻ·ս죬ʬӯɽɸƽκӰ졣
ٺħռ·ݣٴ˳ƽݡ
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ҶʥĪ֮ǰƵ֣һŤתݵľơ
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ҶʥĪսһȹݷߣħ档
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˰̵İƽڽʊ¡ʥּѵ֮ٴ齨ߡ
һ׵սܼǣħħĲߣͬʱħʵԴս
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ʱ򣬴ܽĳ̶ֳʧȥԶʮݵĿƺӰ졣
ңǷʧأܸأǶħ峨һħĸ򶼿ԡ
ڸȫħı֮¡
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գʊ¡һεʱᣬԵҹ෽鱨ʵȷеĸ糯ʱ顣
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ǣʊ¡ҲûϵڶϵĳϣصȺǣһľϲ


2934 Ϊϧƹ
ʮգǴ󳯻ա
ΪݵĽ飬Ϊ¾ʱԭ¾ʊ¡Ⱥ飬ʮյĴ󳯻ΪСᡣ
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2935 ʷ
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2936 گ
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2937 绢
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2938 ߺò
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2940 ةŸٵľ
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ͻȻ䣬ةŸٵעֻص˴ɱ±
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ةŸ̫ͬӼǲڴʱ˿̴ɱʵ۵ģǴ̿͵һ仰ߺˮ
ֶΣ򵥶Ч
ԣةŸΪ̿ͻıһĿӦò򵥣ǲ˴ܡ
ʼ¡ϻʵˣ̫ӼΪ߱߱ɶ޷λҪٲңةŸԼš
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ֻ˭Ҳûע⵽ةŸдɫ


2941 ֱ
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һʱ䣬ԭռݵĽʮܱߣȻʮӦԭַϭġ
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ڶ죬ո˼ӷԨ๫ϭģҪ¾֮߱߱Ա磬ȻطַΪʱ
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Ա磿
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ԭ˵ĻӺ߻ӷַϭģδȴʼٵĸܱݿʼԳһ塣
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ԭ֮ǰʵϸ˽ʮݣһεķ粨ֵʵݵĵ̣ߴʮݡ
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һĴԣؿƵݿĿɱļ١
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2942 ֮µһ
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ֹ㣬̸ЦͽĴ½Ūָ֮䣬Ūδ֮ҵѾ޷ݣ֡
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ں妿λֱ졢塢ɽ
дľľĿ򵥣ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣҲϵ̬ȡ
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ȻⲢǺϲУǺΪ˷飬ԣּ;Ĵ½δҵҪһЩѾ޷ˡ
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ⲻҪģҪǺ妽̿ǰ˵һ仰л֮ЧôһƾްԵĵ۹ڶ̶ڷֱݡ
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2943 
妣Գֱֱǰ֧̬ȡ
ȻǰҪڹ֮ڣ񣬲Ϊ̣רʦһְְȨΣλ𣬶ʦѡšĽֱףˣʵ妣ף
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⼸ӣΪ̲ͬȴ̲࣬Ǵĳ߿ӡ
һ㣬Աؾмֱ֮࣬δ


2944 ͬ
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2945 ηɰ֮ı
ʵۼݱǼΪġ
ֵս׷ףǲȱϣǶǬڵʼ¡Ĳл꣬Ҳûκΰ취
գةŸȺ飬ٳ֮飬»ʼּɥǴӼȺТ죬Тʮ졣
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ͼТ֮ĻӼԨ߻Ӽɥһ¡
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㵽Ǵξܵеģ


2946 
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ŭ߳пӿȥʮλˮڽУ׸Ѫ꣬¼ӳԪ飬󲿷ڽɷб˷顣
һףǧ׵Ľͨͨڣеˮ屻һա
׸ߵͷˮƴ졣
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ڸոգĻԼҲȥ뷨
һɲǣĵĲЩ


2947 Ů֮
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ˮƲˡ
ԭȷˮͷˮƣͻʱɢˮɢȥ顣
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2948 ׶
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⣬ܱڴ˴̽ˮԱֱ

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ʱƣٵ֮£Ů̱ɣؼ˭նɱŮأ
ĿǰŮн̰ʮһˣһŰɱ
˵ٵһٵۼһ𣬾컯ҲҪɵ֡
ȻηɰϬĽƣ϶նɱĵ
ڵǣ˭˭
͵ÿˡ
ϣһ׼ָٵԶԶıƽ౦֮ڿˣ󣡡
Ķһ۶౦ķһ󣬾ͽڵݹա
ɫը˷ƽ౦ˮһǴ˼ѪһϢ߶£һ˶౦
ԶԶģЩˮ͸ʩչͨ츳˶౦ηɰס
ٵһϢƾ춯أл֮ˮ;޴һ㣬ηɰײµŽٽ
ˮ֮µηɰŽٽ̸оΣ˲֪Զսľʥƺʥһľģص˼㡣
˶ĵΧ£Ḷ̌л·
Ҳھʥƺʥǵͬʱ౦Ŵ˷˹ˮηɰףضˡ


2949 
ˮǵ֮ƣ˷˶౦ڵĽ
ûʲôһֱڶ౦󷽴ľʥƺʥȴǼˡ
ãˣ˴ҵɱ֮иʧҽĵܣ
Ī
౦Ͽյηɰ׷һ߳ͻȻͶˣΡ
žŰʮһһΪţηɰŽٽȻŲһͻϮȥ
ң潣ߣžŰʮһŽٽ̾㶼ηɰ˹󷽡
ʱļʮλˮͿҪˣôôùء
ս֮£û˸ˣһʹ˻ıͼ
ֻǣŽٽ󱾾ͼɱЩҶȫ֧£ηɰ׵ŽٽܳɳҲǼ侪ˡ
Ҷʱռ䣬ֵҶ֮ǰնɱ컯ʱһ컯ʱؽµ̺طµѪ̶꣬䣬ͻƵŽٽ̼ࡣ
油ŽٽڣΪͻƵģȻ֮
ʱڶ࣬ηɰСΪλɱС
˳һ󣬾˵Уˣ߰ˣ߽ǽ۷Ľ̡
Ͼ֮۽֮һȥնɱͨˮżǿ߾㲻Ҳˡ
ηɰ׵Žٽķʸһ֮ܵ𴦣Ѫɳ
һʱ䣬λ󷽵ˮ徹Ȼ޷ֵĺηɰֱӴһڽͻˮĵİΧȦϢ֮󣬼˵˺󷽽
⼸֮ڣնɱˮʮˣŽٽȴǺˡ
ǣηɰ׵ŽٽҲһΣյĵز
Ϊŵȴηɰ׵ŽٽÿλҪĶ౦йڣҲϿɽ֮խ
ʧ˵ˮͷ׷״Ͽϣ˶౦̶Χˮ壬ȴԽԽࡣ
ҪͣռλãΧ߽󡣡ةһЦԶָˣҲҵˮ
ٵƺܿ˳
ոصɲǣηɰ׻ܼŽٽ֮ɱʮˮ忪ʼȫ˷Χ֮£ηɰ׵ŽٽֻӦˮ޾ĹֻǿԱ
ԭŽٽֻһ֮УԹ֮£ܵ
˷ǵˣΪηɰҲֻȫء
ˣܿľŽٽˣηɰ׵ŽٽþѵϾ油Ľ̲ϡ
ӿ౦ڵˮԽԽ࣬ŽٽܵѹԽԽࡣ
ѾֹˮϮˮǧˮȫΧ£ŽٽϬҲǰڼ
󷽻ڵȺľʥƺʥˣãǲٵˣ
˵䣬ʥƺʥµˮɶˮ壬ȴ뽫ηɰ׾ȳ
ھʥ֮ʱƺʥͻص磬㿴
౦˷ͻȻ磬౦ؼ½ƽתۼͽ˱
ֱ˹УǧɢžϢ鶸ظ˷һװĳֹมǧУһ߳ǧ춯֮£౦ϿգȻ˹һ
ǳֹǧɵǧ󣬴лУ˵ǵ컯֮УҲΪͷۡ
Ϯ֮£֮еĵˮԾԪܵʴ׷ױػԸԪ顣
ǴʱȻشǧУҡ񺿣Ԫܵ㲻ĹݵЩˮļ̣һ˷磬ʿ

ųֹٴһ߳غ󷽵ηɰµһ˽̣ὣ־һƵɢϢٴξһɱС
ͬʱ󷽼ĲеľʥƺʥҲѾ׼õֳľ񣬰Լڣ˳ȥ
һжģѲ˾ľ
İѡһѲ񽫣Ҳֳǧ
ⳤֹƵ˿ǧӰ죬һǧڿʼɱ
ûһߵɱ
ǧڵٵǧˮ壬ǧϮԪ£־ᶨߣǿȶ񣬵ܴʵҲȴ󽵡
ˮ壬ѾĵɥʮӲһǸһɱ
ηɰ׺Žٽ̣ʱר֣רɱӰ֮£κεᱻһնɱ
ǧ⣬ڴˣüͷ˭ҲûϵȻôΡ
ΪҶķηɰװµĽԾһѹˣ
û뵽Ҷķηɰ׾ȻֻĴָǧ
Ҳ̸ƭ̫ˣϵˡ
Ҫǣôˮ徫УǧȻɭɭ˵ߣ޷
ǧڣһˮĲҽñ١
ٵǧˮ
ǧˮûʲôؼٵǿĵҲм
ȫûڴˣ˵ǱҪ˽ǣһεĽҲҪ˶ܴ졣
ɲ˵ʧ֮˵ܲϵġ
ʹ֮ʣͼˡ


2950 컯
зˣ
һŮ˵֮£
ñǳջҲǳĽ
ǧеٵ񣬱Ҫȵġ
һҪˣƯƯĸˡ
ҪȻȱηɰȻзҪҲسӣҪˡ
ڱԮʱȴͻȻüͷͽ
ĵˮ壬Լһǧٸҡ
Ϊֱѹ٣֮ǰֱһ֣һ·ڸˮݵҲһԵء
һ֮ةڶʱֻٵٶۼҪʱ䡣
Ȳ˵İٵܲ󣬵İٵ룬ˮҲҪɱĲˡ
ˮĲҽƬÿһɲǣʮҽÿʱỵ̈ˮ徫ڲ
϶ֹġ
ҪˣҪ죡
ɣļٵıȻةȴָָգϣڵǱ߶ţУĽ
Ľʵˡ
ЦɳǣסǱɣҾͲˣһССڣ컯ܹǶࣿ
ȥ
ű´ʱʮ컯ˮ壬һ컯Ĵ£شи֣˶౦ķ
컯ϢһԶ߿һЦݵˮ컯˶ŵڵӣɫͱˣһ顣
ͬһɲǣ౦Ͽ΢΢һʮŸ߸߷ٵ컯ͳʮһ컯ˮǰסǡ
λͬ񣬾֮ȥɣλѳɾ컯ͲҪִˡͷڵһļᶨ
ˮ컯˾ɫһ䣬ͷ컯
ˮ嵱УΪ
ΪսǴǿͬΪߡ
ǰλ컯컯񽫵ս
ʱλ컯ȴǴŭϢһ˭ңŭһλ컯ػɰɸ£ֳϸܶ·ۣЮźޱȵڵӳȥ
컯ˮ컯һҲǸͨ׼ɱ
λҪҴɱ𣿡
һδˣ컯еǿϢȴǺޱķſ
컯񽫵ϢֱӽҪǿ컯ýŲһ١
Ϊڴʱλ컯ĸӦ컯ϢȻֻҪٽһͽԶԷޱĹ
Ƥ񣬵ǲ£·ˮĽǧˮ̫ˣڵ컯ȫ֣Ȳ˵ʤģ϶ˮ
һɲǣ˫Լͬģ⡣
ǶŻǽ֣ǶС
Ҫɱˮǧǰˮ컯սڵ컯ԣҲǼΣյġ
˫⣬űһߣǶʮˮ컯˴ճ֡
һ֣һԲĳ·ǧͷλ컯Ϣ׺
ڵӻλ컯񽫼ˡ
ʱʦ׿ڶҪֹˮ컯ս
컯ˮ֣ǰˮ컯Χסǡ
˫ᣬ£ڵ컯ȴˣֻĿǶʮ컯컯Ĵ£˶౦ڵǧ
ƣѾ޿κΣܹǣסʮˮ컯Ѿǵļˡ
û취ޡ
ڱ򣬴ʱλ컯񽫣Ѿڵˡ
ʮˮ컯λ컯Ĵ˻ǧ
δʮ컯ڵĿֲϢȽˡ
˶컯Ϣѹǧǧ鵹˿Ӱ죬ǣηɰµŽٽ̣ȴһ٣罬ʵܵӰ졣
ǧеˮǣ֪ǿޱȵ컯Ϣһ׷׻
컯ˮϢɳ컯ˣ֮£һ÷ѰĻᡣ
ʮλ컯ͬʱ֣Ƽ侪ˣսҲ侪ˡ
˲ϢĹ򣬾ϰ鱻һ̡
ǧΪνǧֻһ󷨵ı衣
ǧҲԲɹǧɣֻͬ
ϰ鱻ǧûƣֻѣʥƺʥˮ徫񣬻зİѲ˾ץʱոЩˮͽ
ʮλ컯ˮǧУЩ˾Ͷ䣬ܹ顣
£˶ƣǧһġ
ǧĳֹüһ֣

ηɰ׶߳һ󣬾ۣ
һ£ڸսŴС˲ϢͱһŽ磬׷׼ηɰ׵ķ
ͬʱޱȵ⣬ǴСгȻηɰͷԾŽٽ£׷׻˹ȥ
Ž٣ն
޷ݵٱ⣬شηɰǰɳ׵ģλΪ׺컯
׵컯壬۾һУ˼һצ̽


2951 ʹ
һֻ۵צͻɽһ͵̽סηɰŽٽ⡣
ŽٽֱǺϢ۵צб飬Ȼ
޴צצĵļۣҲϢı飡
Ǹոոֲм֮ɫ컯㤵һ
컯˾սһȺǽͷ
ҲΪԭ컯˾壬ͨԸͨ컯࿹⡣
Ҳ컯;㤵ԭڡ
Ϊʵ㤣ȴΪηɰڵʵȻ
н֮Ҳǳ𾪡
һηɰ׶ԣһθ˶ѡ
һɲǣηɰ׵ļХ
Ž٣
ʱ·Žٽһ䣬Žٽ̵Ϊ߶˼£ŽٽضƵУ·޾Ļ˽
УѾŽٽǧηɰףӥһǰͻУܼĽף
һһư硢ܾ˵Žٽܼһն컯
˲Ϣ䣬컯ɫ䡣
ܼŽٽ֮£צϵһ飬ľǣηɰ׵Ľ⾹ȻԽԽǿ
ҪǣΪĴ⣬˿Ȼηɰ׵Ľ֮Уֻƴĵֵ
ֵֵ˲Ϣѣ
ηɰ׵ĵʮ߽նµʱλ컯ڷһ춯صִżֿ־ŭ
Ϊ̽ȥľ޴צȻηɰ׵Ľն
Ҫ֪꼸һģһ𣬾ʹܵشˣΪҪ䡣
Ǵʱ˿̣ηɰ׵ŽٽȴԽԽԽԽ죡
λ컯ŭ𣬵ηɰ׵ĽȴԽԽԽԽ
һ֮컯̲סһ
ңң
ͻأøոճǧˮ컯ǣ׷Ȼޱȡ
󷽵ıҲɵˡ
һֱСĺ̫͢Ӱģһ㿴ȼ֮ģ
һֱΧûսġ
ҲĴˣˣɳˣǶҶǱѾһȻľ裬ϾҶԵ˶ڲͬ
һΣֲ¶ˣ
һλ컯ηɰ׵Ĺ£Ȼȣ
ֱ˼飡
컯˾壬ǿǿԶԿ컯񽫵Ĵڣ
⣬ˮ컯ŵڵ룬ڵ컯񽫣ˡ
Ǳηɰױֳʵˡ
ԵڵȻһλ컯˾ȣֱ̫ײˣ
ˮķӦǼġ
κһˮڣڣ޷һλ컯˾䡣
飬ˮԣǽǾ޴ޱȵʧ
ǧ֮ڣʱиոճˮ컯󣬵ͷηɰ׵ķҪˣ
λ컯ˮ壬ͬһʱ䣬һλ컯壬Զһ߰λ컯ˮ壬ͬʱͷηɰ׵ķ
ͼܼ򵥣˾֮⣬ڼȫɱηɰף
ӵնɱηɰףʱѾǵĵһɱ
ֻǣˣǴڳֹǧ֮С
ϷֹͻȻʢһ޴Ӱ˳ֹ
Ӱֵɲǣ౦ܱߵ£ٴ轵
ԭˮĴ꣬˲Ϣͱ˱꣬Ǳ
ͬһɲǣе컯ˮ壬㶼һս
嶾ȥ
ųֵֹֹ߳嶾飬ͻȻͷһЦ·컯ˮ壡
Щ컯ˮΪ嶾ĳ־Сĵɲǣ嶾ȻһŷԲ·ηɰ׵λ컯ˮ壬˽ȥ
˵ǣ嶾ɵȻǧɵĹӦһ㣬嶾ϢøӰ磬ǧܣҲǿ
ЩΪˮ巽ŵɱоܴˮǣͻȻٴΰΪǧܣ˿̾Ȼһο
Ԯ컯˾߰컯ˮ壬һ컯壬ǰͻȻͣסһһľ裡
ΪڷһɲǣǾȻʧȥλ컯ˮϢ
λ컯ˮϢһ˲Ϣʧȥˡ
ǷĽ
ΪֻܣһиӦãһ컯ˮģȫˡ
ǰ߻ãǺߣǾ͡
ս֮ϣ˵ʱݼš
ֹôһһߵ컯壬˾
˸УǱһնΪ
ش֮Գ֮ηɰ׵Žٽֱӽ컯г顣
ľѪѪ⣬ǧɱеˮ徫ǣľۼ
ľѪѪ⣬ˮԣǴ󲹡
˵컯塣
ƺʥ뾸ʥҲ˹˺ôһλ컯Ѫ⣬ٵµˮ壬Ϊֱӵ쭡
޴Žٽ£һȲʵĲҽУ컯һ걻ηɰɷ顣
컯壬ηɰ׺Žٽնɱ
˲Ϣ䣬Ϊص㣬̺Ϣ޾ѪƮɢ˷
ηɰ׺µŽٽ󣬲ûм
ͣԭأһڴڵĴϢţʼȫָĵ
һ컯ѪͬʱҲ˼ƷʯָͬʱͨͲڶ౦ڵ󣬳ȡɢˮϵָŵģ
Žηɰ״ڶ̶ڣɱһλս൱컯񽫵컯˾壬սνǱˡ
ǣ˿ıʵǿʵ
žŰʮһŽٽУнʮǵ̣֮λ컯˾壬ڸηɰ׻ʮλ̣ʮһλؽƴ
ݣû󷨣һ컯˶ϣҲҪԿˡ
οһ̸ηɰ׵ĺųʺηɰסҲɱ֮ܵĽ֮һ
ⷽ濴λ컯ӵս壬Ĳԩ
Ȼնɱλʵ컯񽫵壬ηɰµľžŰʮһλ̣ڵڶ̶ĵ˰˳ңν޴
ڴʱ˿޷óջָһ
Ҳгֹ赲ˣҪȻ컯ˮ壬ܹηɰµŽٽ˲أ
컯˾ͻȻնɱú󷽵ı󾪴ˡ
ڱһ˲仹ûзӦ
ΪڱĸУ컯ˮ䶼̫ܣ˵컯壡
ǣʵȴǷˣ
ؽµ̱ѪϢñһɲǼʹ˼¡
ǣͻȻɢȴñĿѣ


2952 ڵ
ˮһս˵ǾĿ
λڶ౦һսڿʼĵһʱ䣬;ۼ˸ߡ
ĳ̽ڵһʱۼ˶౦ܱߣȻҽ۲죬Щרҵĳ̽ȴøָͨط౦Ľսһʱ䴫˸ԱĴڡ
רעⳡսԭԨأȻٲ¾
ħļ·Ŀǰڽħ̫£ڶ౦սע
һЩйעģ壬ֱ壬ֵģҪ^ˡ
ԭԨǴ϶ˊ߱ҪΪʊ¡
ֻҪ^Ŀǰ̬ЩģɣӦڹ
Ȼ౦ս£ȻٲӰ
ʹĴ½ƶѣĿǰĺģΪܵķѶһݵȶڣµĻҩͰȴǼ˱
һսǱʤĴ½ͽȶ
ǱˣˮʤˣôĴ½ٴҡ
ԣڶ౦ս£˵ǷǳĹעǽ౦ս£ʵʱݸĿǰԺΪ׵ĸ߲㡣
ǣ嶾ɢߵľ컯ˮʬΣڴ˴̽Ϣ̽΢΢һ
󣬾طλ컯ˮ״һʱ˳ȥ
Ϊ౦һս¹شԶ౦սĵһʱ䣬妾ڹע妡糵Ҳյ鱨
妻ü糵ĳüȴ͵ص
ˣ״
û뵽֮ǰֵնɱ٣컯˵ģȻǊˣһŭ⡣
ʱһѣʱҲϵһ
֮ǰؾʱߴֵٵǧԼ컯˱ɱͶ˼ȴûвκν
ֵź͹ͽ֮ʣֵַ飬ӰǼӵġ
˵ȻӰ쵽Ĵ֡
Ǻ妳ضƣƳûɱʊ¡ôڲìܷ˴ܣ˴ƣ˴󹦡
ҪȻµİ糾ҪãǺҲҪΪ¶ܷ
ԣʱһȶԷ֣ŭɶ
˵ģ컯ˮƽ·ȥı飬̫صˣ
ˣ糿˺妡
Ϊ֮ǰ飬ڶںԽԽηټϸź妲Ŷ̶꣬ʹ˱궼һܹͻƵ컯԰ǳ׵ԺΪ
ȴûϻش糣˼
Ϣ֮󣬺ȴ͵İ𣬽糸һҲ
Ȼ
Ҳһܽڵأ־ˡ
߸ֵɱİٵǧλ컯֤֣ȥֵ鷳˭һ
ȥ׼֤ݣˣ

Ҫ뿪ʱ򣬺ֽһ䣬ԴӣҪ£⊪ˮвٳ֡

౦
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ʱ컯ˮ壬һѾֳ˾޴塣
ͨ£ˮֻҪƴȫʱֻ󣬲ŻԳ塣
ʱ˿̣컯ˮϢȫޣȻԭǺߣ
ˣ
컯ˮȫˣ
ת۵Ĺһ컯컯ˮ壬ñʹ顣
һɲǵΣȴñ͵ŴͣҲˡ
ոɢһͷ޴ɷ飬ͷոնɱ컯ˮ嶾飬Ȼųֹ
ǧĳֹ鲻䣬Ѿ׼õһαԴѪ˳
嶾һףһзıԴѪһ¡
ǵõ˽һ嶾˶Գֹķ͵һŤͷ˽ߵ⼸λˮ컯
֮ǰ嶾ʱˮ컯Ǿ;ˣ嶾鼫죬гֹ߶ǧϡ
Ȼ嶾һ֮£ʱ컯ˮ屻С
һλϹ컯˾壬ҲڴС
嶾ײйޱȡ
һ˲䣬λ컯ˮ塣
ʱ־ȥλ컯ˮ壬һ壬˲ؾͼˡ
ٸɱұ壬ұţ
Уֹһţƾ棿˸㣬Պܹգ
Ȼ
ڣŸףǰλɱµ컯ɱŮӣȻǴܹ
ܻҵţѶȡ
ӣǱĳѾɱһˣб¹ɱηɰ׸ǻ𱬣ֱӾ˼ۡ
ǵ߳ŭַŭ
֮£ڲһ䣬û뵽λŮ֮
ôˮ彫žž졣
ڶˣеȴǸӵΣա
λ컯ˮһλ컯屻嶾У֪
֮ǰҲֻʱ䡣
ԣһˮ컯ǳż
Ҫλ컯ˮһλ컯˾壬ôˮʧɾʹȥ
ˮ岹ˮĻ쳤վãվָܹ
컯һϰҲóһ컯ҪǽһʧλǶڱԣֱѣ
˲Ϣ䣬Ͳˡ


2953 û
޾ء
Ҷɿʯɽϣ˻ҳһġ
ܱߣԪ鰢ʮԪ챦鰢ԪСèСԶԶΧҶܱߣһȴЩ塣
ǾģҶǰһ黨ݵء
ʱҶǰһ黨ݵڣڽޱȹı仯
ݵڵĻݣʱ˼Ե顣
һ黨ľųģΣȥ
Եһ֣ͷǳ˵ġ
ߵĻľһǰδеľٶǳǶ䣬Ȼǻʢɢ˾˵ķҷ֮ЩľͿʼƣȻήһֱɿݸݷ
һ֣ȴǳ׿
ʮ֮ڣЩľһı仯
ǣС𾪵ģȴǿεĻݡ
ΪǵĹ۲УǿεĻݵأǰģ
ڣûκα仯·ʱһ
עӵĵڣݵ仯
ǰήڵصĲͻȻֻǸɿݻơ
ȻСע£ǹޱȵĸָָһ˿Իɫһ
СǼһĿУЩȻ׻ӲԻɫīɫ˴ɫ
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ҶĶϺУС鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫͻ⣬Ҷڡ
һɲǣҶһһиĴգ


2954 ջͻ
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Ȼ˵ǳǰ̫⵱ǿ֣֮ΪĲ
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תĹУȶˮͬʱҲܲϵ׳Լ
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鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪȻ޷ҶŲƣں޾ڲռŲȴӰ죡


2955 һ̶
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪҶֻһͳ֮⣬Զ˸߿еգ뵽˰ȫش
Ҳͬһɲǣ޾ظеĴգͻȻ䱬
֮⿴ȥеգֻСǣʱеվȻʼٵıǡ
˲Ϣһǧ׷Բա
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޾صֲϮ¿ήɻҽ޾صǺͨ飬Ҳаŵء
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ҶףǺ޾صĴձҶ֮ı
Զ֮⣬ⱬܶ˿ֲҶ滹ǴһľĻ»ֱֱ֮ӻɻҽ׵Ļɢ
ȻҶ淽һ˲˳ҶҲòȥ
ǲҡ
˭ηɰֻǲµȼϤҶ˿Ҷ棬ӦԪϢĻ˭ҲϲǰҶ棡
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һǧ׷Բ棬˲Ϣ˻ȥе̫ķѿһ˲Ϣ䱬ѳе⣬ź޾׹
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Ҷߴһ䣬ͳŰԪԸԪһܹŲƵĴ½ʱ֪ͨҡ
ǣģ
ں޾һ࣬ҶѾȲҪתĴ½ǣҵ˺ѣ
һ̶ȣ


2956 
ǳĶһųޱȵǳܱǳҪǳ
ȻںĴ½ǳҲһѣҲûж⣬û˸
Ҳֻڲǳĳʱ䣬Լı仯
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սλȻٵСΪ֮ء
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ߵĸɽһ̻Ի͵УŽµͽ㶼һϡ
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ͻȻ䣬΢΢ľͻȻһΣƽ͵飬ͻȻþޱȡ
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ʱڵͽʲô״ߣڵأһϵ˾š
ھеǣı仯Ϊˡ
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Ϊŭǳϣֻϣ
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ϵˣ


2957 
ܣʵǳĲۣһʣ֮صĺڴ̫ͨˡ
ڣȴֿȡ
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ڴﵽ۷ͻƵھ׼ļ֮󣬷־ĿǰԺķչкܴĸ۷֮ǰԪľ

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2958 
౦
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˷ŵĽ֣Ȼ嶾ʵ˽⣬ԼҲ컯񽫵ΪɶԸһ컯񽫡
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ηɰ׵Ŀĺܼ򵥣Ҫڶʱնɱ컯ˮ壬ֹΧ
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ʱηɰϮһӣͺȵｻĸȥԸŮˣ
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컯ˮ컯ǺȻӦŵˢˢת򣬷ֲͬķηɰס
ǿ컯˾壬ηɰף컯ˮ壬һƹηɰףηɰŽٽ̣ͼԲ
ηɰЩŽٽͬãʱȻηɰ׾þս󣬵絶ʡ
н֣ηɰײκˣ컯񽫣ηɰҲƴһѡ
һͬʱ컯ǾͲһˡ
ηɰȻԤϵ˽
ⲻɵ΢΢һ͡
δ֣ηɰ׽ˣ컯岻ɵòЦ
մˣŮûȤҪҪģ
ոش嶾İգҲǴЦȻҪģүүҵϲã㻹֪𣿡
֣
컯˾ЦӦһҲڴʱһɷηɰ׵Žٽնˡ
ȡǰĽѵ컯˾ȫֻλ컯ˮնɱ˽⽣󣬾ͿηɰףӦþ˲Ϣ֮䡣
ȫ֮£ηɰһ˲
Ҳڴʱһ޷ݵ첨ͻȻ컯˾ǰ


2959 ܣ
һֺͻأĸо
ͺǶηɰ׵Ů˵Ľ⣬ͻȻˡ
ڷŽֵһ˲䣬컯˾ηɰ׵Ľٶŷǳ׼ȷжϡ
Խͨ״߶Ӳηɰһ
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ԣ컯˾ֱԻצһצȷޱȵնηɰ׵Ľ⡣
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ڣ컯˾ͻȻ䷢֣֮ǰжϳƫ
ֻߣŮ˵Ľ⣬ͻȻˣҲǼһ㣬ǼһǸࡣ
νʧ֮壬֮ǧ
һ˲䣬컯˾ĺܻţǳĻš
һ˲ϢԺԲƵʱڣ컯˾壬ģҲֻĻš
Ϊһ˲䣬̽һצѾǳĴηɰ׵Ľ⡣
ηɰ׵Ľ⣬ѾҪն
ʱ̫ˣǱлǶˡ
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һɲǣΪĪʱηɰһն컯˾ߡ
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ңʱܹɺ֮£һ컯˾壬컯ˮ壬Ҳǰ裬ԻĽóִˡ
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˵ʵһ׳ٵʱؽ̱ѪʱηɰԼˡ
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ҪһʼηɰѾĴ㣬ЩŽٽ̽ãҪʮǽ룡
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ãԿԺɨݿ
ڣȴŮ˸ס˵µ컯ˣһ
ֱ
һֲʵĸо
ĿʶĿةڣûʲô뷨
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Ҳڱֵɲǣ֮ǰԵϷηɰ׵һ컯ˣͻȻ˻
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ԣ嶾սռϷİգͶس־Ԯ


2960 ʲô
౦
ηɰ׵Žٽ֮£컯˾尽ȣȻðվĺܷŭ衣
ǿ壬ȻһΪܶŮ˸Ƶȣⲻǳʲô
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컯壬࣡
һ֣̽һìͬһ¡¡֮ĺηɰ׵Žٽ
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ʱ˿̣˲á
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·౦սϣеĿ⣬˰պηɰһǾ׶֮ϡ
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겻ܰ
£յľ׶ô߿գ
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˭ʱûʱȥˡ
ŽٽƲ䣬ֱն컯˾İ
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⣬øлյľ׶ǰվԮһ£ܾͲֹˣбնɱĿܡ
ҪȻһӵ컯ս壬ΪʲôҪȣ
У׶߿յİգ˫Ŀɳ˹ԲĿһɨգŭ߳
ηСȻҶڰˣүҹ
߿յľ׶ͻȻһתĳ
ھ׶ƿռ֮ǰռ΢΢
ⶼܱ淢֣УһӰЩǱĴе˵ĿʱĿ˹ȥ
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˵ںķ⣬Ǹʲô


2961 Ѫ
ڰյľ׶£һڵĹС
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˺޾֮ҶڴҴҴʥĪĹ֮󣬾ڰԪİ£һʱ䷵˺Ĵ½
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Ѫ٣


2962 ɱ
˵ˮ컯񽫰֮ûڳʶҶǿͿֲ
Ϊ֮ϻɳֹ嶾ֵġ
嶾ǳҶ컯񽫰֮ʣû컯񽫰յԪ񣬶
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컯ҲˣӵƾõҲӵޱȵͨ˶ԣӵϧ
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˭Ҳ֪ʱҶ棬ȻӾʥʱռ䡣
ʱֵսΣ֮ʣҶҪĻָһ
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ʱĿűʥڻ˵Ҷ棬鼫ȸӣ
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2963 ֮
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ԼæҲͰˣñ˰æ
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ҺޱȵҶ棬˫ˮ⸡֣Ҷ˵ʲô౦ڣͻȻһ춯صķŭ͵ػͷ


2964 嶾
౦ϿգˮǿѪɷԪ֮ǵ嶾飬ųֹ
ǲͺͺͷŭǲ
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ڲļأһ޷Ӧ嶾ȡ嶾Ϊԭ򣬿ܻˡ
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2965 ʾ֮ǿ
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Ҷϴ㣿һ±ƣôЩ㲻ˡ
һ䣬Ҷ˼أΪҶ汳һλ컯ĴھͺáλܻҶֵ컯뷨ͺá
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Ҷ˵ͷ
ôأôΪǱһλ컯أ
ʾ֮ǿҶ˴𰸡


2966 ֲûɱ
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һĻ糴Ϊ֮£ĪĿ־Ҳӿͷ


2967 ȫһ
Ҷ棬ȻǴ֮Ȼķѣɱ컯͵Żɢɣ
ŭͿ־֮£ʵϣǱҶһѹȻûпֵóƵķӦˣֻв
вҶǲмһˡ
һֱҶѺƵģʵϣҶ֮ģһֱû
ֻǰ͵͵ȴѾĿŵˡ
ȴӵѹԵ
ҶŻʾ֮ǿ
Ű糵вҶȴǹЦǷǸأүүҶܻųǸ񣡡
Ҷ治޾ػãһ޾أ糵ͫ׶
Ҷʱ糿ߡ
ķ֮أҲ֪ġ
ǿľء
Ϊ컯ò֮Ľ˱ΪսĺĴ½֮⣬εԭ
ǣν䷸
ͨ߶չʾһ˵Щ컯Ĵڣʱзߡ
ͨ컯ִ񽫾ͺ״ˡ
Щǿ컯ķأ
겻ֻ֣Ҫһ㹻ͷޱˡ
ЩžӵгǿսţҲͷۡ
ɳ컯
컯̶ȣɲ˭ɳȥģɳȥҲƴ
컯Ҳֽģ컯ƴ£޷ָܸңңڡ
컯Σһˣָʱϰ꣬ǧ꣬⵱漰仯临ӡ
£ھӦ˶Լ컯ȥƴһԳظá
ɱǣҿǣ컯Ҳ⡣
ķأǹüλ컯
ڲĴԣҪ뿪Ƿأ컯սɡ
ãҲ۷컯ս
£ؽصҶͻȻںĴ½԰Ϥˣжô𺳿֪
㣬㵽γģѲĪꣿĪǸϹͻƵ컯ˣ
Ҷ治ش𣬰ȴԶԲ
ֻǣǸлظˣ糴ʱһӵʺţӦòܰɣǸлƣɲܹظģ
ûʲôܵģ
Ҷһе񹭶˰糡
Ҷ涯ʱ䷨һɺɱ˰糡
ں޾Լɷ䣬ɱһ컯ˣѾûκˡ
֮ʱҶһһµģߵɷɡ
ҪΪһ
ҶôƾŪһ컯ĸ߲Ͷء
糵Բˡ
Ҷ滹һȥúõɢɢһԲء
ֻҶû뵽ֵһȥȻֱӽ糸䱬ˣһѪ
ҶȻǾ͸һ˿ǾѪļһ
ȻǾѪôҶԣ͸ˡ
糵ὫԸԲɢȥôʣµʮλ컯ˣҶͲˡ
ʵ糴ʮλ컯ˣʵǷǳǿġ
ϧǣЩ컯ˣЩνһ̫ϧ̫ˡ
һʼʱ򣬾Ȼȫûжȫ
Ҷߣһ֣Ǻ顣
ͻϮ֮£ټҶ֣˽֮Щ컯˾ȻսһӶݡ
ͷеķİԹ⺣λش
գϰ糴ʮһλ컯ˣȻնɱλֻ˴ѡ
Ѫǰİȴǲ㡣
Ժػľڵİ糵͵˫ĿϢһ󼤵Ȼҡ
ѪȻԼ棬ǾѪʧԣҲһֲСʧ
ȴһҲڡ
ҶĽУǺ妣Ѿѧˣûʮʮİյ£ǶþѪ
ȫһ
гɾλ֮󣬾ʹƾõΪС¶ƾõ
ƴбˣþѪͺá
һξѪʧðڹŹһˣҲð糰Ծ˵ûʮʮİգʮʮİգڲǱֵ£ĶþѪ
ȫһһ
˼Ϣ糾ֱ妴๫Ĵ
ˣǷҶ棬Ȼӷ֮˻ոգ˶౦ս´ȥ컯ˣ⧲֮£Ȼɱ˴롣
糱Ϊ妻Ϊ鱨һȴû뵽妵ȴûж𾪣üͷ
Ҷ˶౦սҲӦյ˾ĺ妣ڵһʱ佫鱨ȥ
糵ĺ䣬ȴúüͷһ˵ȥ컯ˣҶնɱ˴룿Ҷôǿ
ôһ䣬ʱ˾
һƮ컯ȥִȴɱƨ컯˶˴룬˵ӵûΣ
϶ΰ
ôôжΣأ
Ȼǵ˺ǿ󣬺ǿ
ο妲ּ𣬻뿿ء
ˣҶܱ֮ǰǿ˵ػɣҶһܴӷ뿪пҶıһλǿ컯
Ȼ˵ʱͺô˵
ôһʣʱͽԼķ֡ƲҶķӦȵȣͼӴ׵˵˳º妲ţ


2968 ʥΣ
ҶǿƣȻɱλ컯ˣ𾪵ͬʱҲе˶׳
ʲô
ǳαۊ֮⣬Ϲͣһһʦǿɲġ
ͽͲ˵ˣķֵһķֵǸʸǵġ
ԭ^ԨصȸһǿڶԹԵķҪĴʦҶȴӲ˭ܲ
ڶ౦սıսԱϢظҲޱȡ
һսսڸ̽ӵļ£Ѿڵһʱøĸ߲֪ˡ
˶ڿһ⣬Ҷôɱ컯˵ĵʲô
ƺܹ֧ǿӲĵࡣ
ǿĴڣƺһ˵ùȥɡ
ͨһսͨİ糣ҶɹĽҪĶȫ˳ȥ
ƫƫҶû˵һ֣ȫǱԲġ
ЧΣĿǰ̫Ҷȴǳġ
Ϊǻڰ֣
Ŀǰ£̫ˣ
һĸؤƴ
ϲܣ
ڣҶǸŵؤ
նɱλ컯֮󣬶౦ս㰲컯֮ؽµѪ꣬ȴֳһӲŽ
һӵʱڣҶһȻȫϵ˽ͻơ
ֱؽµѪ֮󣬲ſʼɨս
ҶҲʼķħս죬˽ս
ʱ򣬲ҪҶָӣҶֻҪʾһ´ڣܹʿ򺣾
˳ֹηɰ֮ҶϾ˾
ҶȻӺ޾ӳ죬Σ
ҪһһڳԣҶĿǰҪǣǽΣ
౦ߣˮܴ죬Ӣ˵컯񽫰նսˡ
ʦηɰ볤ֹɱ౦ˮ·Ҫ壬ˮֵΣգͿԿһΧڡ
ԣҶĿǰҪĵһҪ񣬾һ˳ǣ񱱺ľʿ
ûʲôҶʧٵͳ˧ܹʿˡ
ֻҶĿǰ⸱ģóȻսϣ»ʿ
ҶʱռظȻȥǡ
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪСèڣȻ꿤౦֮䣬ֻ֮䡣
ȽΣ˵ʣҶ㣬ʱһٲˡ
Ҷʱռ˻ӣҶͱʥϢˡ
ҶƣдԭСάţҪСά֣Ҷ˵ɱսܹˡ
ԣҶץһʱָơ
ҪҶָܹʮλ컯ˣӦȫ£λ
ĵܣҵķˣʥ˼ԼֵͨѶʽ˸ոսʱռ俪ʼָƵҶ档
ûͷûԵһ仰ҶЩȻˣ
ô£
ҶԾʥأ϶д·Żˣ
ĵܣʥˮص׵ķˣ
һϰҺڣոմһ߹ǵҶ棬͵Ʈ
ĵܣǴʥˮ֮ʱǲκˣڵص״ڴԼķԤ
ڣҲκ֪ͻģķͱˣ
˵ʥһץˣҸƺȸϹȥǶԸˣ֪ͨ㣡˵꣬ʥҪߣȴҶסˡ
磬ʥˮص׵ͨ½ϹŲûٸκ˰ɣҶʵ
ôܣ£Լκ֪ǵĺŲƣŪ֮ʶ֮Ųơ
ԣҶüͷˣ˭ȥأû󴳵Ŀܣ
ƺʥ뾸ʥһۣ󴳵ĿҲУ΢΢ĵܣ²˳٣ȡ
ȵȣ¹شһȥ߹ȥ죡Ҷ˲Ϣ˾
İֱ˧ӡţǰһߵĸս㡢½ٵʱٳʾ˧ӡţԱ˧Ȼع飬˱ˮ֮󣬾ͻԮҶ˰š
ӹҶӡ֮󣬷İ˲ʧ
Թ⺣Ѳ񽫣౦ܱߣԷˮ͵Ϯ
ǣ
磬磬ߣ
һɲǣҶһʥƺʥнõҶ棬ԭʧ


2969 ȫ
ʥˮڣʬأȻһҵɱЩʬοԿЩʬ壬ȫˮ塣
Ϣľʥܿ͸Ҷһ鱨ۡʥˮѾ߸ˡ
ʥǾӪʥˮô꣬һ˳ˮռˣʱǱ룬ȴ練ƣ͸ؼûʲô
ʥ֮ǰ鱨ˮ幥ռʥˮ֮󣬻һΪء
ʥˮǱˮʴֿ⣬ҲһȽҪתվԱλˮ壬λˮ壬ССˮĿҲһɲˡ
ʱ˿̣ʥˮصˮ壬Ȼȫˣǵģ֡
ĵܣˮеʮλǿ߰λˮڸҪ㣬ͬʱˮ󷨷Ϣκ޷
ڵص׵ϹŲһûȥ̽´ݾߡʥ˵
ʮλǿ߰λ
ҶΪ˵ʱʥˮҵͨ½ϹŲģǸˣһ֯Ա֯
Ĵ½ʱسʮλλҲ洦ɼġ
ʥ֮ǰ鱨Ѿ˴뵽ϹŲĵص׿ռС
ôһߵĺǿߣѾص׿ռˡ
ʮһٸڻҶ棬ͻȻ¶һ˿Ҳ̶õЦݣһ£ܲڲص״ռڵЩ˵£ɵǣ
⡭Ǽûɣʥʰߣġ
Ҫڲص״ռЩ˵¸ɵЩߣûˡ
ÿһңҶֱӷ
Ϣ֮žʥƺʥĳٿ޼˾Ҷʱռӿ
þʥƺʥֵǣٿ޼˾ʱȻһ񹭡
֮Ҷٿ޼˾ɵ䡣
ٿ޼˾УΪ߲۷壬ΪߣҲǽ۷壬е޼˾Լռķ֮һ
ҲʮһʮҵĽ۷ߡ
£Կѹʱʥˮڵʮһߡ
ڵֹѹɱ
صصɱ
ٿ޼˾䣬ʵĲ
Ҷٿ޼˾һô꣬Ѿ޼䡣
ڵǿߣֱӷ˰ڵȫλ䡣
ڵķֳλ
ڵģҲֳλ
ڽˣʣĵ޼˾ÿһĿ꣬ѡǿġ
ʣµģ۷˾ǿģֱӶԸһٽСģʵмģһλˣһɱ
ַԭ֮£ʥˮڵʮһٽȻǸԲˡ
ٱĿ޼˾ӿɲǣͼ籼ס
ոжľʥƺʥͻȻͷ֣û¸ˡ
ĵǿߣѾҶٿ޼˾Բˡ
һλ˵⡣
ʮλУһλ̫۵ĵڵĵˣؼʱ̱սǳǿλĿ޼˾֮£Ȼδ
ı䲻ʲô
Ҷ鶼ûУص˵ص׵Сûг֣Ϊٿ޼˾ģҵλ䡣
ֻһͽλָոӹһٵĵǿ߸ɱˡ
һҶͽսþʥƺʥ
ҶĿ޼˾˽ģٿ޼˾֮ȴ֪
ֲ̫ˣ
ٿ޼˾ٽһ֮£ܣ붼˺¡
Ҷٿ޼˾ҪΪ˼ӳ֮á
ԼЩս顢ڹؼʱ̷ӳǿս
ΪЩ޼˾ϵһ˵ļӳ֣ɵְˡ
ֻЩ޼˾ΪҶʱʱһ컯֮Ѫ֮һʼͻƵĵ֮ҶͻȻͷ֣˷Ѱ
ᶨǿߣֻӳ֣ʵ̫˷ˡ
ֻ֮ǰеΪ⣬ļӳˣͨѡ֮⣬սҲһ㡣
ǡãҶõ䴫Уһ֮£ȫ䡣
ԭǼ佲츳ʱġ
ŶҪʮ֮á
ǣʱռĽ⡣
ңҡЩʦָ㣬벻Ŷѡ
ʵ޷ŵģյֱӴһ⣬Ҳٳˡ
˵ʵҶٿ޼˾䣬ҪۣܵĿ洫Ӷûд벻ٶѡ
ֻɱ¾ʵսҶŽǷ˳
ٿ޼˾ռôʱ䣬ʱһʵս֣˵Ϣ˳ͻ
ھʥƺʥȻޱȵĿУҶͷԸʥˮκ˸Ҵ뿪ɱ⣡
ǣ˷ģٿ޼˾Ӧһ̿ʼ÷
ҲͬʱõҶǱص״ռСѾҶ洫µķ֡
״ˣ벻ͼıģȫˣ


2970 ּ
ˣǾǴϹŲ½Ĵ½ġ׷İڵĸ·
֮ǰնɱľʥķ˭û⡣
һССĵˮĿǰô⣿
ʥˮĵص״ռ䣬˲ٻ
ʥҶ룬ǲ󷨣ǿдȻûá
ﲼõٻҪЩдˮǷĵص״ܡ
ԣص״ռ󷨣ǵסһ˵ģܿģе󷨾ͱɨһա
ڰԵĴ£ִֵϹŲ֮ǰϹŲЩơ
ô˵ؾҶ潻û֮ǾķչˡĻʮĹɣ̸ʵ
ǰʮꡣڴ
ҼǵãҶ治һصΪѰɣٴʵ
ûոͻƵһأҪϲ١ڹ
ʮ꣬ҶΪһؿͽڣȾٶȣֱ漣
Ҫ֪ڲм¼ֻһλյ״ӣٶȣǵǺεͨؾĳɹ
ʵǺ֣Ҷһ½ӣΪλĳɾͣ
Щпɻ󣬡ңΪ
ΪҶ˵սʵ¡ڵΪȻѾɱ컯˵ˣƵڹ֮£ֻܽ𣡡
ҾģҶһдܣһܣ
ˣҶȷʵвΪ֪ܣʵֹںģҶ½ʱҲһƣ˵һ٣ǴܹõҶϵܣ˵ľϲ
ҵ밡
ƲƲ죬֮ǰҶ棬ȴһֻڣҲûжϤҶܵĻඡ
̵˼ҶȻȻûˡ
ر٣ҶϢʱ˿Ҳûд̻ǰڣΪҶ滹ڷأԴ˿̲Żеĸ̾
ͨ½ϹŲȻҵôƴأ֪ת˰ڡ
شˣϹŲҪҶϣҪľʥƺʥʥֵ¿ľʥֵ϶ֻҪҵ֮ǰʥˮľʥֵܣԴ˵ֶΣֿɵá
ʱ½˿ϰڵС磬ɾͳ׵ˣڹά
ԣŰڵļЦһ˿ڰڵС磬̶ֵش
ΪСڣɲǺĴ½ôƺԼ
Ϊߵǿ̬ɨС硣
СԴ˵ȴͳΣڶʱڻôջ
ңԣ½С磬˿ڷչǱ޴Ŀǰ˿ȻˣֵˮǴߡ
ʱãǽС׸ʦջ񶼳
ѾڿǣС׸ʦ֮ʦʹ֮£㲻һͻƳΪ컯񽫣ͻƵ컯۷徳Ӧûκɣ
ڿǣֱ׸ʦǲЩֵ
ҪҪԼأ
һСպ˵컯񽫣Ҳпܵġ
ģҿɲĹͣϲ֮£һ͵⣡
Դϲæϥǰһ״
ױд󹦣شƷ鵤ţƷ鵤ʮţƷ鵤һǧţƷһס
ͬʱӽΪʦ˫ʦ̺ԵʹҲܵλ
ȴǴϲ
½ΪԴ̸Դ⡣
д鵤ʹͣڶʱΪ쭣˫ʦԴһɳĲ䡣
˲Ϣ䣬ھ;ĵڣڣ̴ġ
ɾڴʱһƵ̾ϢȻ
üëһɫͬʱˮйһɢ˷˭

үүΪʹͣ㾹Ȼļ磿֪˶ûǿػСʲô
ūۣ
嵽УҪūۣ
ȻöûҶˣǰڻ˳˲Ϣ¶˼һ顣
ҶҶ棿
ͷڵҶ棬
Ҷһλͷ׷ŭأҶ档
ҶûжУȴƾɫ⻪ص״ռ䣬˲Ϣͱɫ⻪
ɫ⻪ɢȥո˹ȻС˸ʵʵһӵҶǰһ֪
״ˣûˡСҶĵ˵
Ѿⷽգ˻ѶӲһռ䡣Ԫ˵
̹⣬̵촽
ǰǲҶ̲֪Ҷ潻Σ֪ҶµһǿľʱȻȷǰ粻̫ģļһҶ档
ּ̣ˣҶĿϡ
㡭㲻Ǳˣôڡˣ̵Уǲ


2971 նҪ
ҶͻȻ֣ðɵˡ
Ϊʱ˿̣Ҷ治Ӧó
ʱ˿̣ڲɵۣ𾪡
ֵ֡
ǿߣһֱǰĿꡣ
ǿǿˡ
Ǿڰڵǰλĵǿߣ̹һغ£֪Ҷȴûκζ
һ˲ģһ֪߸ĸо
֮ǰڵ˽УҶǿ
ǣҶôǿ
λҶǰ͸һ
ð𾪵ģȴǾӡʦ̵ķӦ
Ҷ¶˸棬̿־ˡ
Ҫ֪̿컯˰
Ȼֻ컯˳ڣ񰡣
ȴΪҶͻȻֶ־塣
ͻȻ䣬ھʶһ£޴飡
̵ķӦֱðˡ
Ҷ濪ڵɲǣǰȻȼһɫķ⣬ǽɫķɢĿռ䲨°ΪܵͣҲףһķ
Ҷֻ˵һ仰λ컯ˣͺԥðһеĲʵС
λ컯Ҷô£
ǣڵһʱ߶Ľɫ˲Ϣʧ˲Ϣִе
㡭ֵ̾Ĵ
㶼ҵҵϼˣ˵ܲҶЦִ񹭣䱬̵֫
Ҷԣ¹Ҷļ磬Ҷ治κ˵֪ҵλ䶼ûá
Ϣ֮󣬱ҶӥСһ̣ܵ㲻ɱң˾ӣɱңһΪұġ
Ҳɱ㣬ֻͻŹ𣿡ҶЦһ˻ӣС̹ڣ˲Ϣ䣬ڵʵȫҶǰҲҶжϡ
ǰ̵̣壬ȴ̵ȫ
̵ԴϢжϵҶ棬üͷʱҲ˵ɱǰûã̻Ƶķ
һ˿ϰڵС磬ֵ޴һϱֱܻǿߣʱ򣬿ɾ½ˡ
Сɣ⣬һ飬ãҶ˵
ҪҶ棬㲻ɱңܡ
С̵ͨĲҺȻֹľͨСҶڡ
ڵ컯ʱС֮£Ҷƶؿʼٻظ
ҶڵƻָǳΪƳأΪ֮ǰ޾̫Ʒ׼ߣСҶˮĥһĹ޸ơ
̾ٳɵģڵҲʮ컯ָȻ졣
Сɵģȴ컯Դе
ԴеҶڵɲǣҶŵ۾ͻһ䣬ЦˣСЧ
ЧĻǾ̫ˣ״˵ΪڶʱڴС˵
ţ
ҶӦһĿſһ𾪵İڡ
ڵ򶨹Ҳ˵ã𾪹󣬴ʱȴһƽ
û뵽еĻҪǿ󣡡ڿڵ
ʵĿǰΪԣЩҲǲСҶ˵
Զ˹ҲۣĿǰΪսһĺĴ½ֻڻңԣǿ
ԣͳ½֮ʣҶ鶸ر䡣
½Щװգ̸˵ȥ֮ǻĸá
ҵļ磬ǵļ磬ǵˡڵĻֱӱҶһŭϣԵҲڴ˿̳ױήңǰδеήҡ
ΪˣԲ뵽֮·ֻû뵽
û뵽ûǰɣҶ񣬴˿̳˱仹Ǳ䡣

ڷһεĳ̾Ҷ棬ܲٸһλ᣿ūҲܽܣͿһүүķϣ
ڴʱ飬ֱ޷ݣòҵ˽֮ʣôûõأȴֱ
үү
ҶЦƺеѾǵļ磬̵ģǸ
͵İھ֮ʣһɳҽжûзͻһƻҽ꾡
ͬʱɱģзűܵ
ҶѪþãûлǵ
̵컯˵ϢȴڷɿıҶȴǿʼȺת
Ǿ컯֮£̶һ֮ҶѾ֫ϰͷϵĽɫڽ䵭
ʱ֮󣬵СɽʱҶٴ𣬡С̵ǵ׼ûУ
׼ˣ״ˣ
ܺãңҶһȻնҪ


2972 Ϊʲô㲻
һΪĴɽɽˮ㣬Ҫǵۣʥء
СŻҶڴ˿Ǳ޶ɽ۵ĵ壬ȴûκһǱ޶
ȻôõʥأǷֵߣ볤ڴǱޡ
ЩϸǱ޵ߣȥģͳͳûٳ
˵еǿ
ܱߵǱûˣ֪ϸȻðеǿ壬ģͳһء
ʱɽ޽ľɽׯڣո۾̣ȴ֡
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2973 ֪֪
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2974 ȥδ
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˺۵飬ϢվͨۻԵֱûУ飬ɱ˵ˡ
ү
˵ʲôͱֹˣӦÿסħӵĹһᣬץʱ䲼󣡡
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һ֣߳һһӰ·̩ɽѹһֱӽȳϳͷһħս˳ͷ
ٴγ֣ħսΧ
һһĨѪ⣬ħսԴ𣬵ûԴħսս
Եһս赽ʱʱԵĹ
Եĳۺ̣ϵħս׷ɣһʱ䣬ħսĹƾȻΪ֮һ衣
սԾȻʹ죬Ҿϲġ
һԿѪ磬ֽһħս˳ͷ
磬ʹĴսôֵңһһƿ˲Ϣ䣬꿤ǳͷͻȻһļž


2977 ʧ
ҶƵֵɲǣ꿤ǣͻȻļž
ԭɱսϣڱһ򺣾ĺɱͻȻʧˡ
սϣֻʣħ˻˿ԵķĹ졣
е򺣾ʶĿһۣ뿴ǲǻǣƵĴ˧ˡ
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˵ֵܣҪٲһʱɾҪඣ
ˣͨۻһ£͹Ц֪СӲͺã˾Ͳɱй
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ͬһɲǣ˶֣꿤ͷϵĴʿͻȻͱѲһǴ˼Ѫһúη
ʱܴ죡
Ϥɫٴγڽŵ£ս򺣾ʿ
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ħ̫¿һԵ֪ħʦȨħ֣
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ħħʣһͷβʧ߳Σ


2978 Ƥ
ۣħ̫´ܣ
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˵ǣҶµ򺣾ֹͣ׷ɱ˳ǣħ̫µĴɻҲֹ
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ħ徫񣬾ȻһУ򺣾ľֻʮѣǷǳͨĿ
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֮Ϊ֮ǰĴУи߼ߡ
پŵи߼ų˲ħ޷֯Ρ
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ĵܣҪҸܣµˮ岿ӷɢɿǰˮ򲼷ѻˮ塣Σ֣ʥһ顣
ʵⶼ̫ˡҶҡҡͷͻȻЦȻˣǾҪһѺݵˡ
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Ҷȴһ֣ȰҡյλֱӴи˳
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Ǿͺã죬Ҿ컯񽫰յǸ񹭣
һЦҶˮӪʮ⣬ǧˮ棬ʼƤ


2979 ֮
һͷ컯񽫼壬Ǽ޴ģҲֻҶռܼɵװ¡
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籱ةڣڵһʱͳȥסλ񣬴Ҷơ

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ǵѪûвɾͼĳ嵽˱ߣϣɳΧҶ棬ҪȻ
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2980 Ե
֮УͻƵ컯壬ȫУϹһضνָģʵͻƵ컯塣
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£һλ컯Ϲնɱһڵ壬¶Ҫ˵ȥϹԣһ裡
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ڳǿߵˮԣԺҪ֯ˮҶıѷδɢ
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ǣϺǿѪ֮ϢȻʼͽ͵Ծڲ˵޴ļױϣȻƣƻûУ䱳ļױȻһһۣ

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ǵЩˮ壬Ҳ컯񽫰յѪ⣬һƴᣬ֣ͬǺ飡


2981 ν
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˵ʵҶһ˵ʵȻ֮ǰ嶾նɱ˰յսǱĲ¡
Ҷ˲µļ
ٶͬʱ䣬ٶ䣬ǵ컯񽫾Ҳȥš
ʱսڱˮ嵱еʱͻҲǵ֮Ҳмǵģ
־ɱͬʱҲһָҶҶģ־͸ȥһս
ޣ
ҶһĲмһ컯񽫾ȻһССĵȥսҲ˵óڣҲӶˣ
ģ֮ͥҶˮ̣ôԿĶ
ǴСһȲ۽ϣ˾һ
ҶµѲ񽫵ĶȴûͣϵĽ֮ǰնɱ컯˾ָȻ濪һˮӪ
ˮӪڣΪȻûеѪɺӡʬصĳ̶ȣҲԶˡ
ˡ
ȻˮǧĻԣ˲ʲô
ˮӪڵĻҺȴңһݡ
ԴˣѾԼˡ
Ļᣬˮԣ̫ѵˡ
һˣͻȻһһɴĻᣬ˵ǲһǾһдѵ˻ȥ
οЩѪˮ壬СΪͻơѪ׵Ϻһɰİǰˮ벻ѡ
ʱ˿̣Ҳֻܱޱȵ֯һԶԶҶţҶ͵Ϯ
ϾڱҶѪ⣬ò˶ãͻġ
ֻǣȫעŵ˶Ҷϣѹûע⵽ҵˮӪУϢĶˮ塣


2982 װŪ
ˮо̣ȫͬ
ǾѵپʵսܹΪ
ôо´Ӫиַš
ˮ岻һһȻǿǣҰδѱһоѹܡ
ߣˮ̫ˣ̫㣬һα󼯽ǧˮ壬ֻˮͳͳơ
ǾԸΪλԸˮΪλפᡣ
ȻˮǾһ̶ȵѵ
ԣ޴ˮӪķ񣬾ɱľͰŵĵˮġ
һ䣬ȵϼǧͨʿѲߡ
ǣҶµ컯񽫾尽յѪ⣬ˮ̫ˣǵҲ޷
ҶµİյѪ㹻࣬Ļǳ
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ңеˮ岻ǲ뵽ȡѪУΧ£ѹûע⵽ˮӪ©s
ȻϢǱ롣
һǱģǾʥƺʥˮ塣
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Ȼ˵ʥΪѵԭͻ½תǸʥһĺ󱲣ȴӰ졣
Щ꣬ʥ֪ˮı׶ˣ֪ǼӵеˮڿҪΪеı˵̫ˣǾֻ߾·ߡ
˱ѵʮҪľһ֧ˮ
Ŀ࣬ˮʮ
Ҷ濴֮󣬶ھʥʮ򾫱ҲǷǳ̾򺣾ȻǲܣȻнֹȵһĴܾˡ
֧ӵĹǸɣǾʥƺʥԼʥѪΪ
ʱڽ͡ᡢЦ˵Ĵ£ԼʮԪ鰢С£ϢǱˮӪ
ȻΪ㣬ɢˮӪĸ
ͬʱʥƺʥͬдĽӽС
Ҷģ㲻ҪˣոգĺػᱨУ󻹼εĸҶſˮ̡

ҶЦˣǶɱҼſˣһ£
ߣԭô̫ʬ壬ҲúõģҲû屨ȥǵıһ£ҶЦ
һǳɫ
ԭϹš̫ʬ壬Զ޷ϴˢĳ裡
Ҷ棬ڵģ
һڣ
ҶЦ䣬һѶͻȻԶ䵽ҶһɨҶǾ͸һ˿ЦݣҪڵˣ㣡
ң
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ҲڴʱҶ涯ˣҶԺͻȻɳһö׹Ķ̱ޣϱɢĺ鱦Ϣñһ¡
мʮԶҲǲ¡
֪ʲô
ʲô󲻽⣿
ҲһһԻˮӪ󣡡Ҷһɫ䣬纣ͳɢС
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ȻҶǵļЦ⣬ȴǸŨˡ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷ͵һָеĺ鱦׹ޣ𣡡
Ҷһ߳ȣʮ㣬ñ䣬ޱȵĶŲ̽գĳһʲô
ǣڱע£еĺ鱦׹޿ʼ׹⣬Ҳٵѡ
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¡¡
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ҲڴʱȻ𣬻ܼ֡
УˮĲҽ뾪
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ÿһˮױһԲ׵ľ޴ˮˣˮģ֫ˮ壬ˮ壬ź˵ȴʧˮ塣
屬˶ٿˮף֪ǴһɨٱţˮӪһ룬ˮ˷졣
˲Ϣ䣬ǰΪ컯񽫵尽ѪҵˮӪҵ˼¡
Уָĸߺ쳹
ɱˣӰ
˱ɱˣӰ
ˣ
ЩĴ̶
֮ǰˮӪʹڻ֮Уˮ׵ıЩҵˮľ޴־塣
ʱһʱͷ׷׾ӡ
һͷӬһ㿪ʼӴܡ
Ҫ½ϵİܱӴܵĻܻ˷Ӵܡ
ˮӴܣһֻ˳ˮķŴӴܡ
ڽ죿
ˮĽʱҲˣ֮£ѹ֪׷ʲô飬һ͸ͨˮһӴܴ
ǧˮһԵ˳ˮ󺣣Σ׳ۣñ׳ݡ
ײɱΪµˮ壬
ڴʱűӴܵˮ󷽣һ֧ˮβɱ
׷ȥɱһɱЩˮ壡
һУ˲Ϣ䷢ġ
УһĻıֻĻ䣬ҡĿѣ
ˣ
ͳ˧ǧˮôˣ
㡭㱰ɣָҶ⼸УִѪζ


2983 
ɽ
ѵصľһҪƣѶȶǳ
˵Ǳһǧˮ
ͳһľûеں֮ڡ
һܿʼҪأֻǳΡ
ԣֻĿּǧɽ纣Х
һƨɺһȺһˡ
֮£ˮȿֺв̤ײ
ñһĻ֮Уһδ֮ǧˮ֪ܹжٻصصµˮ
һΣҪԪˡ
޺޵ĿһվڰʬͷиǵҶ棬Žֵȴĸ˻֣ջ
Ǳһսˡ
ֵǧô򣬶ռݾƣԣڽһĶ౦֮󣬲ŻƽΣҲһӮ
ζû뵽ˡ
Ҷ´򺣾ûмǧɽ
ñʹĵģȴǰպʮλ컯֮
ղ㣬ľӢѾĨȥ֮һˡ
˲ϢĴ֮УĿǰһ
ĺ͢ĺڲҲһź
Ҳᱱȥԭ
űȴҶĿȴǱ
£ꡣ
ⳡ̣Ÿոտʼѣ
ܿģǾ޴Ļûзָʬ컯˾ʬ壬Ҷսռڡ
Щ컯ʬ壬Ѿˣǽսȴ
䣬β׷ɱɱˮеǿߡǿ컯֪ͨҡ
ǣ
ʦ㣬ҲһɱȥɣνˣʦԼա
֣Ҳжɣ嶾һγշ֮Ϊ䣬޴սϣɳʱڡ
磬ԭľβ£Ϊǿδˮ壬Ͷȫýƣһαܲ׳󣬾Ϳˡ

ܿģҶս˲á
ҶĿ⿴ҵλ䣬ҳɱǿɣ
û
ıˮ壬Ҷȫ
ˣԪ˵ڶϷλʮ֮⣬һλˮ컯͡ҶĶ
ͬʱҶһµСèһСèʹҶλʧ
֮󣬾ͳ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫָλá
λã·˹˳һܵˮ֮⣬֮ǰǸ컯ˮ壬Ѿˡ
ܿģԪͨ͡µķλϢ˹
Сèٴһǧ֮⣬һλ컯ˮ忴ͻȻǰҶλ䣬͵ɴ۾
Ǳܵģ΢һλ컯ˮҪܡ
˶౦һսƾһˣȻ컯Ҳ޷սʤҶġ
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪڣôƿߵĻᡣ
Ҫģ
Ҷһ£˻ʮ֮£λ컯ˮ⵽شֱԳ˱塣
ȴһֻ޴ͷɫɫˮ飬ģҶһϲˮϵ컯ˮ壬
һɲǣҶ׹⸨£СͺΣյĲص컯ˮɫ⻪컯ˮڵɲǣ纣컯ͱСͽҶڡ
һҶͽ⻹ڴ컯ˮ壬ֱͽʱռڡ
Ҷۡһƿµʱռڣ컯ˮĴûκ塣
ܿģڻ̵ĺˮϵط֮ӿҶĵ֮ڡ
Ҷǰնɱħ컯õ־Ľ֮ǰնɱô౾컯̺֮طϢѪϢһɲǷӳ˾޴á
ҶԸԤ£ӿҶĺˮڴˮϵ֮źˮһʣͻһˮϵ
ǵڶ
Ҷˮϵ˲Ϣʹﵽ˵ڡ
֮⣬дطƬҶĺˮڣˮϢ࿪ʼٵɱ䡣
ϵ
ĵϵطҶϵٴδﵽͻƵıԵ
һ̣Ҷʱռڵʱ򣬱˰ٱ
Ҷʱռڻʱ䣬컯ˮȫɣʵȴֻӶѡ
ˮ컯Ǿƾõ컯ٳɵ컯ҪĶࡣ
ҶõĺôҪ֮ǰڵҪĶࡣ
컯ˮ֮ҶΪȻﵽ˵۷壡
ֻҪΪˣҶΪʱͿԿڡ
ҶĿɲǵڡ
Ϣ֮Ŀ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪָҶλϢ
СèҶλϹȥ֮󣬺ɱˡ
֮ɱΪͨˮϵ컯ѾûˣҶҪˮϵϵ֮컯
Ų˷ѵԭҶ潫컯ˮʬսʱռ䣬ָһս


2984 

ηϿգҶ潫߾޴컯ˮʬսռ̾һ˾컯Щ˷Ѱ
Ҳû취飬Сˮ컯˵Ǿޱȵ컯Ҷڵ˵Ϊʹﵽ˼¡
۷壡
Ϊﵽˣȴ޷ͻơ
ҶԼΪ
ߴÿΪﵽˣͻơ
ҶʱΪУΪȻǴﵽˡ
Ϊ컯ԭҶڵҲһ˿컯ϢҶս
ĿǰҶΪͻƵģߴ
˵شӦطܻΪͻơ
Ҷ֮ǰڿС컯ڵطԲ䲻㡣
ߴУϵĿǰûκѹ
ں޾֮Ҷ߶̫Žȡ˴̫뼫亱̫澫
ÿһ̫У̺һƻϵط򣬶Ǽ󺱼̫澫֮У̺Ļϵط͸ˡ
ԭȻˣҶҪЩϵҲҪʱġ
ǣ̫ŽڵڣϹɲǰ׸ġ
֮һ̫̫澫ڵطԣǳԷˮһ
ȻҶ泹շ԰Ҷ̫̫澫ڵĻϵط
ԣϵҶǽˡ
еˮ컯϶ˮϵطΪҶĺˮĿǰҲ⡣
֮ǰնɱˮ컯ˮطһˮľط
ԵĿǰΪֹҶߴ֮УˮϵϵľϵϵӰҪͻƵڣѾû⣬ںټҲû⡣
ϵӰҪԪ鰢ԭһܹ̫һĻû򣬾ĴҶ棬ܹ䷳Ľ⣬Ȼûˡ
֮ҶڵΪҪͻΪֻϵϵˡ
ԣնɱλˮ컯֮Ҷ沢ûмڳ֣ڵȴ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪԼİϢ
ˮȻ˵ˮϵط򣬵Ǿˮ壬ǵˮϵط򣬶ǻޡ
һѪˣΪǿսʣĴ󺣵滷½ϿǶӶˡ
Ǿʥһˮϵط֮⣬޽ϵطķɱ
ʱԪҶµѰҵıп׶ϵط컯ˮ塣
ǣ͡ҲеУѰҿܵĿꡣ
ҶҪ̵ʱʵ컯Ҷ浱ǰҪĿꡣ
СèҶڲηıϿղϵĴţѰͬʱҲڵȴϢ
컯Ŀϡٵġ
ټ컯ǿҪжǵԣҲǼѵġ
ʱһϢһϢţżҶص󷽵սһɱһðͷĵ
ͻȻ䣬ҶһʱͿϷ
ˮˮףһֻΪ컯ˮ塣
׵磬ˮףˮ嵱׵࣬ǿǵˮУһ嶼ǡ
ߣ
߳һСèʹҶһδٴϵԪȷλãһƬϿա
ҶԲ쿴Ҷڵĺ鱦׹޾͸Ӧˮ޵׵֮
ֱӽСèսʱ䣬Ҷ΢΢һĺˮӡͳ·ˮ֮С
Ҷնɱ컯ˮ壬ˮ֮Уְ˾ģˮְ˾ӡ
ҶԽ֮ǰں޾ػȥͺˮӡ
ֻЩ컯ˮȻǿӵеְ˾ӡһЩʵְ˾ӡȻ˺ˮӡȴ֮ǰĺˮӡԶˡ
һλӡΪ䣬Ҷĺˮӡ޷ָ֮ǰܵġ
ʱҶ׵УϢĽӽȴǷǳĹá
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ȻϵֻҪնɱӵͻƵϵطֻǴ´ࡣ
ֻˮ׵Ķ죬ˮףûСèҶ淴ϣб˦Ŀܡ
Ԫ
е߳һǰǧĺͻȻᲨһ¡
ڼݵٶ̫죬һע⣬һͷײ˸ոճֵĿռ֮ϡ
Ȼŭԥģ׹ͺǰĿռϡ
ʲô⣬׹֮£Ҫ顣

Ҷŭ͵𣬰źˮĳ˻ˮӡӡͬʱ⻪䡣
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷǰ֮ĺˮͻȻȥŭſһ¶˴ƬƬˮ׿ռ䡣
ҵλ伸ͬʱֵģҶҲһɲŵ¡
£һȥɲǣͷŷŭ׹˸һһӦȻӣǶԸҶ档
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪɲǳзģռһεĿռ͵ؽͷԭء
ǿһ˲䣬ͷ컯ڵ˿ռǣҶҵ˵䣬ȴȫҪ
Ҷ滹ҵˣƵе֡
⼸ر׼ܹشȴֲᵱҪ
ʮ䣬ȻҶΪ컯ڵˣ˾ѾϳҶ档
Ҷȴûκͣɫ͵غͷڣ˲ϢԪ𵴡
Сȥ
˿˿Ƶ̹һ㶼˵ʶҶǷһ˿Ц⡣
ˣ
ֻϵˡ
ðԪٴγѰнϵط컯ˮĿꡣ
ҲڴʱҶѪ͵һ·ѪͷһĪϮ
ͬʱδ뿪İԪͻȻļСı󣡡
һɢɷĽɫǹʹؼᴩֱҶ顣
˿̣ɫǹɢĿֲɷȻ̵Ҷ汳ۡ
Ҷ󺧣
˭
˭ûκμ
ʱҶȴûʱ
ҶԿ϶Ҫɫǹˣʮ
ɫǹӦһֱ׷Ǻ鱦ɱ֮
˲Ϣ䣬ǱһҶʹ߶ʱ䷨򡪡٣
ʱһǱˣҶǰΪˮ룬ҶܳȥɲǣҶҶǰˮʱ䣬ˣ֮£Ҷʱ䣬Ǳһ
Ҷ߶ʱ䷨˵ĸܡ
ʱ䷨ķΧ֮˿ȥǾҶ͵ر˾˵ٶȣܾһʹ˳ȥ


2985 
ƴĽɫǹ߿գҶ֮ǰĵطǱһĽ
ţ
𣬷һնɱҶǹȴûͣһΪ塣
ĵǹ·һҵλ䣬ǹ壬ȴӰεĴҶ档
ʱٷӳµҶ棬ǰܵͷûֹͣ
һ˲䣬ѾӦǹɢҶʥĪ껹Ҫǿ
컯
пһλ컯Ҷˡ
ҶĵһӦľˡ
ҲֻⱱˮףϢ͵ϮҶ档
û͵Ϯ
Сǰ
ԪʾɲǣҶڵ¾պҲظӦǰĿռ䲨
·ǰһǽһҶһת͵ˡ
Ҷ˵ɲǣҶͷһڣһںռؼĴɽ͵Ҷ浱ͷ¡
Ҷ淽żĿ죬ǰӦɱһɽҵˡ
ɽıԵҶɲǣҶſצ
ֻһ޴צ
ԥģҶٴη߶ʱ䷨ڷޱȵצҪ֮ǰצķ϶ӳ
Դŷŭĵͺ𣬡Ҷ棬ֻ𣿡
󣿡
Ҷ涸
ôϲû뵽õ򺣾Ԫ˧Ҷ棬Ȼֻӣ
צһգγ֣һ֣ɱ֮һ鱦ͷֲĸΧҶ档
ǸɫǹΪͣҶֻƴĶ
Ҳû뵽˵ûߵıȻң
ֻɱµ컯Ͳҽɱ𣿡Ц
֮ǰƽʱ֮Բ֣Ҫǹ˼Ķࡣ
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ңǧˮ棬ЩֶȴǲãϾغ
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ͲһˣԾķһ
֮ǰں;УӶյ컯ˮȻϢ
ܳΪҲ֮ʱʶҶʶɱµ컯˾ˮ塣
ͼϵĸѷ컯ˮֲ£ɱҶ棬ڵһĻ
컯񽫺ڵΪʱȫļͰԼȫ֮£ںȶ԰ĵطɱҶ޷ء
ǰھ֮ǰļ£ʱҶҵλϡ
޷ϣֻܸӦȻȻҲ޷вˡ

Ҷڵһʱ˾
ڴ뱱͸˼սûɶ
ԣȴЦûţ
һöӡӱͷɳˮɢɲǣ׵ĺˮͻȻͱճޱȣҶ˵뿪ˣٶҲࡣ
ȻҶȫ߶ˮӡҲ޼¡
ռѾˮһּķʽⷽУҵĿռͨ⵽˼û뿪Ԫ
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Ҷ棬ⱱ֮ףⱱֵ֮³ŹҲ԰ˣ˵ʵ֮ǰӹҵıɱֶΣмĸое棡
ȴһҲˣڣֻ·
Ц䣬ɫǹ͵ؽâʢһٴˮնɱҶ档
Χոհ˱ˣһĻһ
ˣСģ
ʱ˿̣غˮƣɫǹ֮£ҶѾûκܵأֻӲɫǹһ
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ռ䱻˷ĺˮҶӣ˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ˾
֮£һס˽ɫǹֻҪҶնɱǹ£йͷ֮ޣ

һɲǣԪСԪ鰢׷׾
֮ʣҶ淴ޱ侲
ʵɫǹҶǿµġ
̫Žе̫𣬿ɲǸǵġ
ǣǱף̫ˡ
ԭۺʱ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫܹڹؼʱ̱Ҷһ鱦ĿռͨǷͬһ㡣
Ǵʱ˿ڱףȴıӡƵģ˲ϢҶ˾
Ҷǰģֻһ·ռڡ
ǣڱ컯񽫾ӵ컯ǿǰռûɶô
ܹҲһռ䣬ҶԼռǿĿ֮ʰ˱
ǣҶȥû׷ס飬Ҷ鷳ˡ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ˾ս
һɢɷӰ͵س֣Ȼһ߳

мЦһɲǣǵЦͻȻ黹þ֣


2986 ֮
飡
ͻĴţɫǹ͵ײһ
Ѫ֮ôɫǹƷ鱦ɱ֮࿹⣬ֻһ
ǣڱ˹һУ˵ڶ
ԭҪɱҶĽɫǹһߵĵɶء
ʱ򣬰ͻȻʶͻȻ߳һţȻһֵζ
ҽһ߷ɽɫǹҶƾֱҶзϲɲǣոճֵҽŲûͣ˳һŶٵء
ʱʱճˮ򣬾ͻȻشһ㣬һƣ
һͻȻȱڶѡ
һֱŶ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫʱû롣
ڱޱȵĿע£Ҷζƾʧ
ȴԸʹ˷ŹҶ档
˽죬ɱҶ棬ɾˡ
ңƣҲֻɱҶ棬ˮ½أֲʧ
ҪȻˮ壬һս֮󣬿¾Ҫˡ
ӣ
ŭһ˳ҶӶݵĿռϢ׷ȥ
֮УףҶ鱦֮Ӳ׷ɱ
ǺϻǺ£ˮ⣬Ǳ¡
ȫ߶֮£ӡ˸ţޱߵˮһķʽ񶯿
ͬʱոձԪûõҶһٴײһεˮǰٴα
ؼˮһּµʽۼһ𣬾鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ޷ƶݡ
ˮϵط裬Ѿﵽ컯ˮ׼
ҵˮѾﵽ˵ĳ̶ȣԪ
ĳ̶ȣ
Ҷص˼£ǿҶȴû뵽Ȼ֮ǿ
Ǳסĵһ˲䣬Ҷոնõҽţһ͵ǰˮϡ
ҶѪӽ·ħʼȵһƾѪϢЩһֱһֹգΪֹֻǳںϣû
Էһ֮ĳ̶ֳϴħʼһս⣬Բǿ
ʱҶħʼսһƾ֡
һ߳ˮڷٱ飬ڷ
ȡ֮ǰѵıʱȫ߶ӡ֮£Ѿֲһ㡣
һȥûƿⲻصˮϣҶͷˡ
Ҳûˡ
ڵѾħʼ־Ÿĵĸɸɾˡ
Ҷ棬һΣ·ţɣӺ׷ıٴڵҶɱ
ӺҶ棬û˺ˮͻȻҲãȻҾͳȫ㣡
ҶЦһ񹭿£ɷ䣬뱱սһ顣
ʱû޾ˮѹƺҶҲͷſֽ뱱սһ飬ֶ
ģʵֻҪܹҶ潻֣ܹҶ档
ǣʱҶ潻֣Ҷչֳȴһһεˢ֪
ҶǻֶΡ
شͨȻټǱϵõģ˲š
ǣÿÿҶҪǻ˵ʱҶܹޱȹѡ
ΪֹûпҶõʲôֶΡ
ҾͲˣһССĵڣܸһõ컯񽫺ȥ
ս£ҲҪնɱҶ棬սĸӵļҡ
ܿģͬѰսҶ棬ʱ䷨£׵ľ˱
Ҷеɷñüͷ
Щۣ
һ㣬ܶˡ
ɱ𣿡
ΪԼļȴûô˶ȻҶ棬Ц
ֶβΪ̫ֶΣ컯˾Ϊҽ˵Ŀԣ
ԣҽ㲻ã
ҲÿûǸ£ҶЦ
ȴǲҶ֮һΣֳצı塣
ԣ壬ǿ
Ǳı峤ǧʱһצľ̾ˮϿռ֮ڣҶ۴ɹ
ɣ
ɽצһεץҶ棬һΣڱӡɵˮ֮£Ҷ澹Ȼ޴ɶ㣡
ڱ뷨УӲӲ֮£Ҷɡ
ǿűϮҶ棬ȴǵ߳һȥ
һͷ͵شҶзɳ˱צ
ǻӭȥɲǣצͷ͵սζ
˲ϢͷĲҽ
⡭̫𣡡
еʶһΣֵҶ淴ˣҶֱӼ̫Žȵı壬ȵȥ
У̫еıȴҶ棬ҾˣһҪл֮꣬꣡
ǸᣡҶЦ
̫𣡡
УеıӡͻȻһӿһ޵ˮ⣬˲ϢϯĻ˽ڡ
޵ˮ⣬̫ŽȵͻȻʹһս̫ˮҪҵ


2987 ·
̫ˮ̫ɱҲ̫
ȴһｵһ̫Ŀǡ
̫ͬһ̫ˮҲѻȡΪİӵ̫ˮһҲ֡
̫ˮ̫֮ʱϨ̫ĳҲʹʧ
ڱצϵ̫ɢ¶Ȼճɺ̿צ
Ǳ컯񽫵Ϊ̫ǰҲܴᡣ
ʱ̫ˮϯһ˲иոոջצĽھͲҽвѡ
˲Ϣ䣬Ѿ̫ˮϻҶԣں̫ˮϮ֮£ֻܷĴ߶̫̫澫Կƺ̫ˮ
ʱսλڱñӡ͵ˮУؼˮ浽˼£ûУҲӵ̫Ľ˲Ϣ䱻ѹƵԭ
ʱ˿̣ȴ˲ãֻӲ
ҪˣҶҪֱ̫ˮ
ʱ˿̣ҶܹԸ̫ˮģҲֻ̫ˡ
֮УˮҶӡǲƷϲ̫ˮ̫Զȴǵס̫ˮֻɽޱȵĴ߶̫̫澫Կ̫ˮ
̫̫澫ֻûãҪˮһĵ
УҶ汻̫ˮס»Σؾ¶˾ġ
һЩ̫ˮ
ȻޱȣֱֳӡıԣĴʱѡ
ʱֻҪܹɱҶˣٴĴۣԸġ
һƮڱǰıӡͻȻţ˿ƺ̫ˮΧҶ档
̫ˮ⣬˷Χ֮£ˮ֮УĿҶ֮ǰչʾĸռ䡢شŵͨһֻͻʹƣҶƵ޴ӣȻɱ
Ҷһ䣬ʤյıͻȻЦҶ棬˶̫ˮ֮£Ҳ԰ˡ
ѹûע⵽ҶѾüޱȡ
ģϾͻ·
һЦҶ棬ҲĴ½ķ֮û뵽֮ʣѷף
ŴЦı󣬰󿴲ռڣԸڷһעʥɽڡ
ʥɽĹ⻪һǰδеٶȣҫ
֮ǰһ£ӦŰɣ
һҶ˵£ʱȤȻҲȤȫ߶̫ˮڼӾš
ţԣһֱܺ棬ôӳģ
ôӳģ
ҶЦˣھͿԸ㣡
¶ģ
ҲһɲǣϢȻǻָ컯۷徳ֳ񹭵شӸոշɳʥзɳ
£Ǹһ˲Զı
۷컯񽫾䣬ճǼʸϱߵɷͽ뱱̫֮ˮ֧顣
˲Ϣɫ䣬˫ֻǰıӡͳͳ˶ͷдʹޱȵĵط
ͻȻ۷ǿߵ㣬Ȼ޷㿪ֻȫ
౦
Ϊĸֹ鱦˵ǶţëȴǼΪơ
鱦˲Ϣͱ߶
ΪǸɢ۷ϢļһļʸñһּȵĲС
ʱ˿̣еעͻȻֵɷ䣬ѹûע⵽Ҷ˫Ŀз⡣
ҶĵڣɫԪһҶе˫Ŀ֮С
ҶĿ֮ʱ䣬ͷ˲Ϊ֪ı仯
еһΪ
ڵʱԼӿ죬ģȴǱλõʱı䡣
ĪģȫӦıͻȻ;ģͻȻˡ
Ƕˣе˺Լ̫ˮˮˡ
ƺһУˡ
ô
ʧֵķ֣еķţ˿ƺ˰ģֻ鱦Ƶ˫֣˰ġ
ôŬٶȶ첻
ֻĿһֻһֻǸ¶ɢſֲɷ䣬ݺݵĹüģ
飡
ĵһݺݵĹ뱱üıɲǣ󷢳һ춯صҽеĲҽȴֱһˮڡ
ҲͬһɲǣҶѪ磬Ϣһ޷ݵٶȼ˥ȥ
ҶΪǿиıһλ컯񽫡űӡѹ컯λõʱҶԪΪʩ֮ܵ˾޴ɡ
û취˭ҶΪ˼̫ء
ҲҶʱ˿ҪȫΪԭ
ҶѪ磬ȴǸҡ
ΪҶע˴Ըָ컯۷ʱ緢һһһ˲䣬ڱԴϱ
һ丽ɷֱش˱ñ
֮£Ѿֳ˱ıԴȻ˴룬һϢϱߵɷڷһĥű꣡
һĻҶϺȵСȥ


2988 ɵ
һ㡣
ԪԪ鰢˵ˮϵط裬Ѿ˵ż
£ֻ컯ǿߣĳһϵطż
ջҶǾԲԸġ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶСͻ̹⣬ܵشı
ĴԴʱǲġ
С˲Ϣ˽ȥ˿˿̹ͷ뱱ڣͨ
ʱıԴ飬걻ɷѾǱ״̬
ҲΪǿ鱦ڶ࣬ʱҶʱ䷨ͺ鱦׷׸֣ס˱ĲԹӲд
ȴסС
ֻĿСڣ̹дȥ
ˣҶһ
ڣ㶨˱
ҲڴʱҶͻȻо죬䣬ȻԱͷ̹⡢ҲСΪĿġ
Сģ
Ҷŭʲô
ҶĵУСʹҶʾˣһ䣬ٴش˱ش˸ո뱱ڵС
Сֱӱܴ
ҵǣСĴ뱾ɲǣ뱱ڣΪľԣȻܴ̫ء
һСҶͻȻͷЦ
ʲô
ȻҪʰ㣬ʰū۱ļһ
ԸȻñ׻ָȴܹýƻָ룬ӵа
˵䣬תͷе͵һתָҶ棬ǷޱȵɷʱҶȫѪҺһ̵ĸо
ҶģȴʥҪˣļ֮Ҫ󣡡
󣿡
Ц֪Ϊʲô˵ӵаԸƻָ۳һСС壡
СС壬ȱԶˣȴܹñʱʥĿơ
ǻʥڣܹɵ䣬ҲĿūۣ
˵䣬յӰͻȻͱʵ
ҶɫѿеĻҪϼ޻Ҷ֮ǰΪʲôô٣ϸ¶һεԸԭ
һ̫Σˡ
һӵͿ
죬ƵҶ·ߣ̫ñûκΰ취Ҷֻܶˡ
һ˲ϢԸָ۷컯񽫵ĳ̶ȣԱնɱ
û뵽˲Ϣҵ˻ᣬ壬֮ǰʥĿƣҶ档
Ǻǣ֣ʱһĳ죬Ϸ£죬̻еġ
˵СԸɱȱеҪĶࡣ
ܹһԸԸԸ¸ɡ
ĿҶ棬ЦԸǺܴȵġ
ֻҪһεԸͿԷһ·
ܹ㣬ָΪܹ֮Ϊµһ񽫣ҲԲһǰӵ
ŵҶĵĵŵһ𣿡
ģ
ЦĺܼᶨΨһĻᣡҪȻ
Ȼݺݵıūۣɢֻѡģıܴȵĸһλᡣ˵ţȻٴιЦ
ЦУЩҶū۵ıͳ裬ЦɢȥЦģֻаʤ
޾¸ϣֻЦ󣬲ʤ
ֻҪЦм侭һūۣ˴š
ЦҶͻȻ䲻ʵķ˱ȫ
Ȼ
ҡҡͷҪṩǺԸ˲ġ
ûз룿Ҷٴʵ
ҡҡͷУ΢
΢𣿡
ҶͻȻ̾Ϣ֪ͻȻЩͬˡ
ͬ飿
ʱͱѿʲô˼˵
һɱͨȻʧ˵ֻܳ˯ֱɵ
˫͵ر뼤ŭңѰĻ
㣬ˣɵ벻ɵֻб֪ҪУ
ñãٽԸĺá
ûҶͷ֮ǰɵǲɵһ治֪
ҿȷǣڣɵҪɵҪǱɵˣ
ţսĵߣ˫Ŀرɱ磬ɾޱȡ
㣡ѵû֮ǰô㣬ȴһԸעԸҵĵ
˫һ˿ţⲻǱⱱƵ𣿡
㱻ƵҲʰĵ
ҶЦһĿһתŵʥ֮ϵͺʱ䷨֮׷ݣ
ͬһɲǣָҶϢͻȻͷٵĵ


2989 ֮
ĪУʥĹ⻪ޱ仯ţʲô档
ԼȴǾ
ոջָ컯۷ΪϢڼٵĵ䣬ǣҶĴԸ۳壬ȻҲĪĿʼɢ
Ҳ˵ɢ
壬ʱһֹʽˣǷϻͯһ
ո۳壬ٱտʼ۵ӣǱû۳ʱ
ǳĿ־壡
˯ôֿ֮꣬ô꣬۳һðʥƣػɵ壬ԲԸȥ
ɱ㣡
־УŭָҶ񹭣ɿ˹ңĿǰ۷䣬Ҷ档
ֻǣһ֮ǰҶξƾʧˡ
ģһ߿ˡ
Ȼ
ͻȻͷһ˻ѷεĲҽ
ȴոûõ壬׵ɢˡ
޷ݵһٴסȫĿ⣬þʹࡣ
Ƕռ䣬Ҷûֹͣʥʩչ׷ݷ
һ֮ҶĸӦУʥѾص֮ǰעԸǰ״̬
ȻʥڵҲһ
ҲĿǰı
ܹʥ壬ôҶʱ׷ݷΣ
ܹʩչ׷ݷ򣬵һ˿һ׷ݣҶ涼Ҫ޴Ĵۡ
ʥ岻һ
ʥ屾ǸǸҶӡƵʩչ׷ݷɲ
ʥʰͳ˸
ոնռҶ棬ٴγֻ֣ǻ˻еʥ壬һ߶ͷһ޿κεĲҽУֱӱսʥ嵱С
ڱǰҶ治չ¶ռ䣬ΪʱԱҶģҶһ룬ֻҪסռ䣬Ҷͳ׵ıˣڵһ
һҶǰռ䣬һ߿գҪҶˡ
ȻһһҪɱңôҲ㲻ˣҺ䣬׵ĺ䵽ξ𣡡
Ҷһ鱦׹޾ͳ˳಻ʥ壬һһƺߡ
ʵֱ˿̣ԸЩ£˵ǲŷӦ
ʱ䷨
ҶˣȻʱ䷨
Ըѹ޷š
ʱ䷨򣬿ķû֮һ
ӲҪңռ䷨ǿʱ䷨Ь
һΣԵĲԩ
֪ҶȻʱ䷨򣬿¾Ͳôʵķˡ
漴ͷ뷨˽µĶעҪʧܡ
ΪҶģ׼
ҪȻҶޱȴ󷽵ĹעԸնɱ
Ҷô˵ԸʱҶȻҪʱ׷ݷԸˡ
Ҳʡܹ֮һ˱
Ϊ̫ʵ̫Ҷʱ䷨
ɱǣΪôδؼ컯񽫶Ĳˡ
ʱȻͽκΡ
ΪȻҲϡ
ԣֻܱİһһǵ׹⣬ҶĳͷͷȴǱ⡣
⼸ҶֵίȫԸָڽһͷУĥ
һУƺֻصԭ㣬ͷıȻ޷ݡ
״ˣ꣬翹֮£к鱦סǵ꣬޷СЩ
һС˲ᡣ
Ҷһ˲Ϣҵ˾޴ıĲ֮أĺ鱦ϢǳŨ
֮£ɫԪַܿͺɢ˻סĺ鱦
Ҷ£̹˸£С͵˽ȥ
͵һ𣬡Ҷ桭㡭㲻ɱң
ҡĺ͢ıɱңĺ͢ϹԸ㡣
û˵꣬ٴһѾڵСȻʼڵ
ʵҲΡ
սǿҪǿͬߣҪԭΪһ塣
޴ڣԲǿޱȡ
ͬģҲһȱݣǾˣԶ˵˵۾Ѫˡ
Ҫǻ컯񽫣ˣ˲ҪǣԪڣսٻغϣɹ˿ɶݣ
Ͳˡ
ô󣬰˼ǣǷȥűˮɱң
˱ı˿̳Ӷˣ֪ҶȻʱ䷨򣬴ҲҶ鷳
˵Ҷ߻һսǿ컯񽫡
Ҫ֪ǾԲðյġ
ΣðѾͼˡ
ϧû֪
ˣʱ䷨ǾԲðˣϢ
һҿ԰ƳԺұпأξȡãѾֻΪû֮


2990 ջΣ
ŵǳˡ
ʲôԺΨҶǴӣҶƳЩͲ˵ˣĿأҶȡãջ
˵ʵŵ֮Ҷ棬Ҳ̲סһ¡
Ŀذ
˽֪౦ͨ壬ӵкıиɵйĿܡ
ôͳιޱߵı֮õıĿأжٱ
ɵйһġ
˵ǿܶѻĵر㼣޷ִĵطĵرĻ۵ء
ɴ˿ɼĿջж
ҶջǾܾջ
Сɣ
Ҷ´һԲԸ
ҶЩ꣬ҲΪ̰Ĳ˺¡
ŵޱȵˣҲ̺ž޴Σա
컯񽫵壬ӵ컯սֻҪ˵һתܹһ̵Ҷ档
ĿȻˣҲҶȥܡ
ԣҶѡǣ
һУ
Ҷ棬㲻
ĲҽȻֹźˮϵطƬӿҶĺˮУҶˮеĺˮȻ͵ҶڳһھͽѾ֮ıӡ¡
˲Ϣ䣬һҶӡıӡͽҶ֮ǰĺˮӡˡ
ҶɫԪϺˮ꣬ٶȳ׵ƿⱱӡ
ⱱӡ˲Ϣ䣬Īиоʹϴ
Ҷо˿̾ļһĺ԰һ
Ҷ淢֣ͨⱱӡ־ȻܹӰ
㲻Ǳ֮أҶЦһ̽ⱱӡ
һ˲ĹҶͷⱱӡá
ԽʩչˮйصͨⱱӡлΪá
յͨļӳ֣ͻ÷ǳǿ󣬱ǿͨʮֲֿ
֮ǰıˮϷҶͨʵͨһˮˮţҶҲʩչ
뱱ʩչģر
˱ӡӳ֣Ҷ治ʩչˮȱ١
Դ˶ۣⱱӡˮϵ鱦ҪǿĶ࣬Ȼ鱦ȴñ鱦
ȻⱱӡҲԣڱˮΧڣ鱦࣬뿪˱ˮܾͻһ̶ȵ½
ⱱӡеǽ鱦鱦֮ɱ֮һڱˮ֮Уܸǿ˵Ҷһջ
ҶջȴǱ
֮ǰ컯񽫰յҪǿ񹭣Ƿǳġ
ҲҶĿǰܹҵʺ񹭵ĵر
һˣҶͻ˱ĿأԱĻۣĿУҲиʺҶĵرɣ
ֻǣҶ治֪ĿأԺʽղصġ
ղڵĽ磬űһ٣¾ʲôûˡ
ǽ˲ر⣬Ǿˡ
ʱ䣬һҪһˡ
ͷҶͽʬֱսʱռ䣬뺣ף֮ǰشֱСȫϵ컯ˮʱռ䡣
ҶĿǰĵһҪ񣬻ҪץʱΪ
ʱռڣСͬʱʼ뱱ڵط֮Ҷĵ֮С
ǴϵطƬҶϲѡ
ЩϵطҶߴУѾû⣬ֻϵ
ֻҪɱһӵнϵ취컯ǿߣҶΪò˶ãͿȵĵͻƵڡ
Ϊһﵽڣ˴컯ʸˡ
һεĴսҶջ޴
Ĳ˵ֻҪͷ컯񽫼尽밽Ҷµս
ͷ컯񽫾ϰµۣҶߵˣ컯ʱߣ
컯񽫾ۣ㲻ƣҲɵһ컯˵Ĺ
Ȼ޴ջҲ˾޴Σ
һ϶ᴥŭ弰ĺ͢ͱһҶľ޴鷳
ĺ͢컯ģ
ϣҶûѡ
նɱһҶѾûкƽĿˡ
ԼҲûôŽᣬҶģԺı顣
Ҷ˼ʱͻȻ쳹Ҷ棬ְͣɣңһɣ


2991 ս
Ҷ棬ףɾף֣ͣһΣԺҲˣ
ΪʵʵڵΣ
һ׷˵ıԴҪɱδҲҪ¡
νձ
ǣҶʥ֡
ʱĺ鱦׹޺ĿʥıԴһΣԴһΡ
ȥԿԳ׺ıԴʱŴɵͻ᳹׵ɢ
ǿ
ԣһļˣŻҶ档
Ҳ֪ףҶЦǷţҷŲͱ㷴ɶɢˡ
һĴ治ʱ̻ᷴɵļһߣҲɱˣѵ𣿡Ҷ
Ҷ棬Ҫ֮𣬳㣬ǲܣҲʱŲ֮ģǰȴǲͬˡ˵
кβͬ
ʱ䷨㾹Ȼʱ䷨ĿǰΪ΢δԻǿߡ
ҳһʱ䷨δǿߣȴǿԵġ
˵ֲһ䣬Ҿ֪ʱ䷨򣬿ɲһְɣ
δǿߣɣҶ濴ǼЦ
ֹˡ
ɫһҾģĿǰ״ӦҪһǿ߻˵Ǵ֡
Ĵ֣Ƿǳҵġ
Ҫ֪Ҳʱ䷨δɾͲ
ֻҪһûгɳز۵ĿܣԣҪң
ôһ˵Ҷһ
һܹһ·ɳΪĴڣ۹⻹ǺܶģβսȻҶĿǰٵ
ʵһ仰Ѿ൱ڸҶ̸ˡ
Ҫһ˵УܺѣίʵҪġҶ˵
ʱգ㣬кãʱ׷ݷһܹҴԭΣɷʹã˵
ԣҶ˼
ʵҪҪɱϣҶ淽Ҳһֱڿԥ
ˣսȷʵǳǿ
ָ컯Ϊһ컯Ҫ˱ᣬһѷĺõ
ԣҶĿǰȷʵҪһѵ
뱱ս˿¹˭֣δ֪
Ȼķɣƾ⣬ȷʵһѺõ
ȷʵҪһѺõ
Ҷ𣬺鱦׹ϵ׹ȻֹǴϲ¶ϳ˽ٺ֮ɫ
Ҫһ˳ֵĵʱʱ̿Ҫĵ
ҶĻٴγĬΣκοƺū֮ѾûˡҵıԴʥ壬ʥ壬⻹𣿡
Ҷ̾һѾʧȥҵΣһ°ɡ
£ף¾Ҷ濪
ҡλ磡ҶҪȻ
ҡµսΪսս֮ʣȴҡ壬˳Ϊս顣
˳Ϊս飬ʵΪػΪ˯֮ĸմơ
ҵλս顣
ǣҲֱӵһҵλսΪޡ
µսʱΪͻǿԿԼģΪս֮ǵΪͻƴ󾳽ʱˡ
ԣҵλսҶתսôãҶǿնɱ컯͵˺̺طϢѪ꣬Ϊڵ۷壬޷ͻơ
ҶΪͻƼѣκһҪͻƵ컯Ƿǳѵġ
Ҷе֪֮ΪµսΪͶ컯
֮֮ǰΪ컯ǿңսǰǸոͻƵ컯񽫡
ԭǶ컯ȴڵ۷޷ͻƣͲˡ
ҡյ˽Ҷŷ֣ԭԴ
ȻҲǵͻƣ
Ϊǵڲִټģ޷ͻƣս֮塣
ҪٴͻƣҪս֮塣
ܹǵս֮ˣֻһˡ
ҶʱҪ޷ܾǾܾĻȴĿ»һ
ȻҶ治ĺɱ䱻ҶİǱޱȵĴӦҶ棬ʹʹĴӦҶ档
һҵ˵ΪٴͻƣҶļֵͻԽԽ͡
һ˵Ϊ㶼컯˾۷壬˺۷컯ɱãʱѵͿпˡ
ֻʱûѡˡ
ԡĿǰûô壬ͻơ˵
ҪԸǰɣҶĶ˵ɣҪ٣
£һ컯˾壬ҪһԸѾһӡ
ǧΣÿҪǧԸܽǵףǵΪͻƵ컯˾˵
һǧǰɣҸ㣬òҪˣʲôͳԸ֮Ҷʥ壬ע


2992 Ҷ
ʱռڣõҶ棬طһХϢαӿһ񲨶
ߴĹ⻪ͬʱ˸ţҶıһȦɫ⻪
⻪УҶڵڵΪ̵ͬĽһһǧ
ΪϢʼٵɢϢڱǿ
ҶΪͻƵ˵ڡ
ҶΪͻƣһֱغҶߵ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪϢҲøǿ
ʥͷѹ׹ϵ׹⣬Ҳøӵܼǿ
ⲢǰԪֻߺ鱦׹޵ΪͻˣΪҶͻƣܽǷӳǿˡ
׹޾Ͳ˵ˣռ鱦ʮԪ챦Ҷһֱ޷ȫӳģ˵һ룬֮һûзӳ
ʱҶΪͻƣܹðԪǿ޷ӳ˰Ԫ鱦ܡ
֮ҶΪǲ
ڴͬʱڲԶͻȻ䷢һ֮ı۷ϢȻͻƴﵽ컯˾
ͻƣǳͻأͷ·˲ϢԾһ
Ҳֻӵй컯Ϊս֮սŻı仯
һʱ֮ҡĸΪոͻƵ컯ﵽ컯˾ڵս飬ֹҶǰһվõɷޱͷųײ֮γһȦȦ硣
һĻҶ治ɵùЦĸոҶѹ֮˴˾ٵЩɬ
ҵ˵ͻƣҶļֵ˲Ϣһ롣
Ϊǵʱ˺ɱ컯ˣΪͻƵ컯˾˺ɱش컯ǿԵġ
ٽһôĳҶĨɱܾĨɱˡ
ҶЦ
ˬ
ѵãȴá
ΪͻƵ컯Ǿͷͬһˡ
Ժ󣬼컯񽫣ֻҪĽ֣Ϳܡ
ȻҶ֮ԴЦΪΪд컯˾
ҶΪܹͻƵ컯˾أֻһΡ
ȻҶĿǰΪǸոͻƵڣûдﵽ۷崥컯˾
ҶȴϾͿˡ
ԭҶҪͻƵڡﵽڣϵطҪȥѰɱһλнϵط컯ˡ
Ҷû뵽ǣСɱڵʱȻ˴Ľϵط
ڰɵˮϵطЩϵطֵһᣬҶԣȴ㹻ˡ
ȻڱڷֽϵطһҲ֡
Ϊ˱̶ȣǼ㣬˳һϵطǿԼǺ顣
ҶΪҲ˳µͻˡ
ȻֻͻƵ˵ڣҶȴ컯ؼһ
ȻΪﵽ˵ڣҾҪڶʱڽΪƽ۷壬սԳɾ컯ôɱһλ컯ˣõѡ񣡡
ȥɱ컯أ
£ȥתһȦ֪ʧȥ˱ıĿǰǸʲôģ
УҶһ̤뿪ʱռͬʱʹʧ
ҶյȥĴ½ȴǷӿ
Ĵ½һܶˡ
ǣǴܷˣȮħ塢塢ˮ塢ѵĴܣһֹƽ⵱С
ƽ̬У˵ǹû
Ĵ½Ψһıֺ⣬˵ǲܿƵıҶıˡ
֮ǰħ壬Ŀ
౦·ǧˮ壬ĵȵ㡣
ǧˮ尡
һǧͷվŲɱҲ÷ϴľ
οˮսǿ࣬Ҷµڳ꿤һߣԣȻҶٴδħ壬˲Ҷ档
ˮ̫ǿˡ
صαԊҲһȻ˵ûжɣȴһ˿һʽϵ֧ԮûС
ϾΪֹҶݹǴصĳ
ǣս֣ȴǾ˵ۡ
Ҷս£Բǧˮʮ֮һˮ˱ǧˮ
뺣ǧĳĳЩӰ£˲Ϣһǰδеٶȴ˺ġ
ǳ̫׳ۡ
̫ˣ
峯ͽ죬׷ȭŭ𡪡Ҷ䣡
Ҷĵʱ򣬴ҴҶĺ妣ȴһõϢ
ʦ𣬸ϢڿȷǸҶ汳һλ컯


2993 ط
ʦĺֺ̽͢˽鱨ƣͻȻ䣬ĺ߲֮͢£ݡ
ݱةԣȥɱҶ֮ĺ͢۾ͻȻʧȥ˹⻪ȷˡ
ʦ𣬶౦뱱ִ񽫴ǰȻǸҶ棬ѡɱˮе컯
ǲûзҶ뱱ֵĳ档
ֻڱϢ֮ǰڱһƬˮӦǿޱȵĸߴ컯
һ׷ʱʧˣûãʹ˱Ϣ

妽õе鱨һԵ˾ǰóһۡ
ʦе֤ݶָҶ棬ұĹ̼̣Ŀǰ鱨̿һӵһʱ֮ڡ
ԱΪ͵̣ڶеıˮ֮䡣
ôնɱ֮ˣһλ컯Ӧɱֻ֮ʵǿ컯
򣬾޷ڱˮնɱ󡣡
ú棬ڲȻһ˿Ͼ
妵ķǳȷء
Ϊոһ㡣
Ƶ컯ǿߣսǳǿҲնɱʵ
ڱˮУգҲûжʱնɱİա
Ȼ޵ĻϵڱˮйأҲ˵ˣҪڱˮնɱ󣬾һ컯ܹġ
鱨һ֤˽޴֮ǰóȻȥҶ棬Ѿ˴ˡ
Ҷ汳Ī꣬Ǹֻˣʵִﵽʲô̶أ૵
ʦ£ҾǾͺá䣬ǴĴ֮һĺ͢϶ðոݵġ
ܿͻɳǿ߱ʱֻҪԹۣͿԸҶ汳ǿߵʵ
ǵʱ򻹿Ż˵һɱҶλǿߣ˵
һ֮ߡ˵ͷ˫£
˫£Щ⡣
ǰ˼һƣʵʩŵȫڣ㰲ʵʩɣʱ򣬲Ҷ汳컯˭ʲôʵԳˡ˵
ӹ򣬿ݣ妵øӵȻʦҲ̫ÿҶˣұ±ķҲСǱ֡
ΣһĲмħ廹ҧң
Ҷ棬Ϊʦ̫Ϊʦûġ˵
ûģЩ⡣
ԭ֮£廹𣿱˵ʶһλĺ͢ʵĸסүүֵܶԭ֮£Ҳûĺ͢κξٶ
񣬰䣬ǰһ˽ԣ½֮ŭ֮ҪǳֵʱȴƴǲǰĲм
Ȼ
ʦǵܵǵھȥı£ͬʱӻעڲ̽Ҷ汱ʵ
Ӧһ妾ƾʧ

Ǭ¾ڽһεСᡣ
丸ʊ¡ʱСᣬȥмɪģ
״඼ס
ةࡢѲ˾Ĵ˾³ߣԼڼܹͯºˣûб䡣
˵һһ
˾Ͳ˵ˣΪӥȮĴ˾³ڼܹͯºһ㶼Ҫġ
ûл
ԭ򣬻Ĵ̫̫ܶˣĿǰҪľ֣Ǹš
ΪεľʦԭʷҲֻǳɼ߶ѡ
ⳡ飬Ǳս¡
ʵϣһʱսһֱǴܳϵһɣԴΪڵ¾ǻ֮ǰҶγͻ
ҶնɱĹܼҡ
һУóǺԾûἰꡣ
ȻвģةŸ١
ֻԴܷ֮ةŸĽѽ⣬һֱڼң¡
£ս¾ͳһ
ǽĳϣȴϵ¾Ⱥ׳⣬ȺȻѣɵС۴¡
׳⣬뷨
ȺСĽԣûã´һۡҶǴְ֮Ǵ֮Ҷ涫ħħˮ壬ؽд󹦣͡
۵һȺȻȺôͻȻתԣһΪɵıҶѺˣ
Ҳ㲻ʲô飬ζѣ
¾̬ȣ˵¾ѾʼһϸĵתˣһϸĵУֻκ棬û֮ǰСԼצ
Ⱥ׷׽ԣ͵ó˴ʷһη֮顣
ܷо㡣
һΣȻ˶֪Ҷоȴһ⵱еζײ
գܾص֮󣬶ҶķҲʳ¯
ɢ֮ʳ¯ʥּѲ˾ڼĻ£ֱּģڼܹͯº


2994 ɵй
Ҷϵʱ򣬱Ѿˣ
˵һδ֪֮ܣΪټԼḶ́ڱԼԹˮĤݡ
ֻˮȻˮڶ࣬յԸǳޡ
ǣ֮ⱱʱķѣŵ˱ҡ
ǴңҶЩġ
ҶˣҶıݹ϶ңȴ޶ȵģġ
ǱأѾҵĲӡ
ҶϵʱѾɱһš
ˮڻɱᣬΪ䣬ڵʧЧЩˮȻͿˡ
ȻǱڵĲƸҶ濴õʣһ龫磬ҲΪˮĿꡣ
Ҷִʱѹûκι򣬾ͽ˱
ҶûǱ룬ֱӻûһˮ壬ʼڱڵ١
ȻֵҶ濴ϵĶѹûУҶСˮתһȦҲûҵʲôر⡣
ҶʧʱռĹıһƫƧĽڣͻȻͷŭ
󵨣Ҷأһ𣿡һ컯ˮ
ȴЩˮ˱ڵĸأ;˿ظص컯ˮ塣
Ҷϲæ˹ȥͿһҵˮ屻컯ˮ座Ķģ˸Ҷ
Ȼ컯ˮܱ￴ظأӦǱţʱոյ֪ѶҲǼ𾪣Щʧ
ոոϵҶ棬һĻЦˣˣˣ㻹ŸʲôǷˣȥɣ
컯ˮǱ絽һ˫Ŀŭ컯ѹȫйҶ档
Сҹƻģ㣡
Ҷʱ¶Ϣֻǽˮѣ컯ˮֻ컯Ϣһţ۳һ֮ޣҶ档
Ϊ£ֻҪ컯ˮһˮҪڵأһ޾ͿɳɱȺ
ǣģһ߿ˡ
߿ˣҶˮúõվѹûܵ컯ˮѹӰ졣
һĻһλ컯ˮ座Ȼʱʶ˲Ծ㵽Ǻˣ
ң
ҶЦЦУҶֱԳ˱࣬뱾һֵģ񹭡
ҶҲ󣬾֣
ϣ
ⲻܡ컯ˮ˵꣬Ҷļ֮£֫Ҫͱ䱬ֱԳ˱ࡣ
ҶԸ͵Ⱥڵص׵Сͻ̹˽ȥͨʱ
ҶΪոͻƵһλ컯˵Ϊ㹻ҶΪһˡ
ҡˡ
컯ˮǰһ仰ˮ壬Ϊһһˮ֮ǰͱҶųҵλɱˡ
˵һһһһɱһ
ߵֻЩµͨСˮ
ЩСˮʶǳ֮ǰͱ컯ˮϸŵĻɵɥʱӿȴֳζ˵
ΨһãǴ־壬ң
ɱˣ
пնɱǿɱˮˡ
Ҫ

־ɢɲǣһЩԭαҵˮ壬Ҳ׵Ļˣȿֺˣɥ
ҶǺ谭̤˱Ŀء
ò˵Ƿǳ˽ģⱱĿػ󣬾Ȼ˱
һκҪⱱĿأ󶼻ڵһʱ֪
Ͻκ˶͵߱Ŀء
ȻǱŵ¡
ˣϢһɢʱʧЧⱱĿأͳ֮ء
Ҷκֶζûãͽˡ
ɨһȦ֮ҶЩʧ
ĿأӦǱеĲر
ߣŵĸǸļУԴƷʯƷʯС
ָĵر㶼ûرĻɫ
Ҷҵõһʮɫס
Щɫ׺ޱȣʮǿǾ֮ӦÿӵкƷ鱦ܡ
еǿҲԵ컯ȫһ
ȻĺñӦһأܾڱڡ
űˡ
˵ĿأûиҶ̫ľϲ
ջҲ̸ϡ
ΪĿأĺܴߵĸɫĵرֻһ֡࣡
ʯ͸ɫʯͲ˵ˡ
ָײеĵر̫ˡ
ɵһֳΪɰĵرҩҲǼҪĸģɵϣǰġ
һһǧƷʯֵʱǧƷʯҲ
ڱĿֵĺɰȴѳһСɽ
Ǽֵ޷㣬ܹۣõʯĿڼƵġ
⻹ֻһ֡
ĺܶࡣ
Ҫߣ˺ĲƸҲͽκΡ
Ͼӿռʹָռţ᲻ߡ
ǹãҶΪܹⱱĿȫߵߡ
£ҾûиɵйҲ֮Զ˰ɣ


2995 ֮͢
ĺ͢ҲΪصһؾ
ˡˮĵ˴ܣ֪ĺ͢ǣȴûҵ
Ĵʥ壬ղûиϾɱ·֣ʧĴ֮⣬Ҫԭûҵĺ͢
ΪֻҪĺ͢ؾڣ޷ɱ
޴Ĵ۷Եˡ
ֻĺ͢ľλȴû˷֡
ĺ͢ĸ֮أһֱڣȴĺ֮ڣĺ֮νĺֻ͢һϵ͢ѣĺ͢ڣһֱռܡ
죬λڶͱ㺣۴ϵ͢ڣȴǳˣֱӳʰͶӰӡ
ǵʲô˼ѵնɱҶ棬ң
ûκζԿ壬廹ô
͢ڣĺľͷۡ
Ϻ㣬Ŵ½սҲͶӰ
λ֮⣬гפϵĺ͢λϹ񣬷ֱǰͰɡ
λѾıĿǰںĴ½ˡ
г˱λ컯񽫵Ϊ֮⣬ȫ컯塣
֮Ҳԭġ
ܽ壬Ǵ뱱ģˮܴأһһˣ˵ǸûҲˣҲˮΪûͻƵ
ʱʰⷢ𣬼λͷȴҲûжٻ̼ȿڵ½սԴӊԨ֮һӱѲ࣬ǣû뿪ģʱӪ
ϺȴЦҵսŰֻҪǱ߷ֳߺ¾ˮ򣬻߸ṩµĴϰսҾһҶ棬кη
һİۣôµĴɵȥǱȱء
˺ôľ½վ˽ţժӼˣûţ
ߣ˵ĽʿɲܰˮΪ¶ȵԭ򣬳ƶ񤣬ûôʳ
ԣϺε̯̯֣㿴ҲԸȥһôҴţñմ֡
ս£Ϻ޹أҶ棬Ȼնɱ컯ǿߵġ
ҹȥ϶Ҫ޴Ĵֺۣõ飬˭ɣ
ϺĻʰɫѿ˼֣Ŀ⿴˶㡣
ĴУʵǿˮҲϣһͳΪʡ
Ӧĺʹ죬ȻˣҾһˣܻܲɱǸҶ棬ܵó̬ȣǰɡ
ˬʰһϲǰĻðɫѿ
ޣˣˣȺףǽܵĵһǰߣҪʱͳܣαٽ
һʰڣλ뷭һİۡ
Ҫðӹ˱±붫Ҫ϶Ϊһˣʱðѳµ³ǿ
ȻðֵǰᣬӹܱС
Ȼʰⲻܽܵġ
ҪĻˮĶ㣬ɾͲһˡ
ʱ˭ʣ˵ء
ʰǽиջ𰡣ƫƫַá
ĿͿλϹţͰɣҲΪʵĸ
ֻǣֳ֣ʰҲ⡣
λͲ̫ˣֻ߶ʱʧȥսʵĻͲʹˡ
ڱ֮λȱ£Ϊؼ
ʵ˵ˣԴܼ򵥡ۣ
ĿǰԣҶ澹Ȼжʱնɱڱˮڣսʵͺܿˡ
˭ȥҶ鷳Ҷ汳Ż鷳¶Ҫ޴Ĵۡ
־޴Ĵۣܹ컯ǿȴ
ոյõ鱨Ҷ˳˱ϴ˱Ŀأʰѿֱˮĳ衣
ȻˣֻһˡϹ񰽷˵һ£ֻʱ˰ˡգŸʰΧ
ȷѡ֮ⳡĺľͷ飬ûнλ˷
˷ܵԭҲܼ򵥣ˣ޴ĳ裬ֻǱ֮λȴܿվá
˭λǴ¡
׽ѷαǷͬһ㡣
˲Ϣ䣬ոƽĺ͢ڣٴγ
ĶӰΪֵսұ֮ʣӦûһλҾġ
Ҿģ֮ǰ͢ļ飬̫Ӱһѡֵ˹ؼʱ̣Ϲæԡ
һҶΰ̵ļһܴűˮҶ
˵֮ڣ԰̵ļһﶼλˣĴ󿪳Ƽ߰ʰɫѿ
еʰⷢһεİ̾
ıԡ
ϵͨΣͨӰȴǸ
壬ȥѰҶ£ӾͺãĿǰΣҶ˾ս̫࣬Ӱ̫󡣡
գʰҲûӳʵȦֻܰðӡ


2996 ͥ
Ȼûõղأֻõ˱ͨء
ҶԣջǾ޴ġ
޴ջ񣬲ǿƸɵйıĿأʵ
ƸҪػġ
ػУûٶĲƸҲữΪС
ԣҶڱλ컯ˮ֮Ѱʮλˮ֮ҶոͻƵڵΪͿ쭵˵۷壡
һҶϲı־
ʵͲ˵ˣҶΪﵽ۷壬Ҷʸ컯ˡ
ҶΪܹͻƵ컯Ҷ䣬ӵ֮
ΪΪﵽ컯֮ʱ䷨䣬ֻ鱦ܷܡ
ȱ컯ʱ䷨֮£Ҷűһս֮
ԣҶΪﵽ۷ʱҶһʱ뿪˱
Ȼڱֿɵãռ챱Ҷûκ塣
ѵռ챱鷳
һ˵ͻ컯Ϲأ
ҲҶһʱ뿪תǵԭ
Ҷ·ϻǱһ¡
Ȼ˵Ҷãֻ˵ҶµѲϴ͡۲飬ֱ̫ˡ
ˮ嵱ȻѾûдģĿԵֿĲӵģ֮͡£ȴ˲ֻתĺ̫͢Ӱ뱱̫ӰԵ١
λĿǰΪҶԲֵһᡣ
һһڣһ鱦Լӵ컯˾кڵս
ʵϣҶ滹Ǹ߹λ
ĺ̫͢ӰĻãܹӳ൱컯˾ڵսǱ̫ӰԣѪս߲пսʵ̫ˣһ֮󣬾ͱҶشܣ
Ȼܹӳ컯˾սĺ̫͢ӰıܣҲֻһ
̫ϣҶ涼ûô֡
ΪոͻƵ컯˾ڵˣ˲Ϣش˰ġ
°ʮ鱦Ҳûκô
⻹Ҷ⽻Ҫ£ҪȻλҲӲһ
ܵԭֻĸ֡ɾӣ
̫Ӱװ䣬Ȼûжټֵˣֻĺ̫͢Ӱĵͷ
мֵģĺ̫͢Ӱģؼʱ̣ܻǼҪĳ롣
ȻҪмֵʵ
ܰ밽ԵСûҶعĲһ㡣
Ҷ̵ʱȶս֣Ȼ뷨ͻƵ컯
һҶͻƵ컯Ǿһģˡ
ҶȻתģǶ౦
ǶԿˮĵ㣬е鱨;鶼ۡ
û֮ǰˮȻ˵Ǳ֮ȻϢûдˮȻû˷̵Ļᡣ
Ҷ滹Ǹʥƺʥ´Ī׷
ˮɱ꣬Ǳӭͷˮĸ֣Ǿ͵˴ùˡ
ڵĹؼǣսܵˮ徫׳
µˮԼ
ʦηɰ׵İæ£ʥȻˮӡˡ
ɵ˵ڱˮУӡʥѾ˿컯ˮˡ
˵Ҷͳļ鱦ʵٴαǡ
鱦ģ
밽̫ӵĺ鱦ֱҪ̫ࡣ
Ҷѹûвֻ֣𾢵Ԫ鰢һλ̫ӵÿ˽鱦
ҶһûһԵĸ˾ʥƺʥ
ںԪ鰢ե٣Ϳıˡ
һ뱱ˮĴսˣѾһˡ
սԲϣˮʱѾ޷ˡ
ûж֯ԵļԵˮ壬ʧ֣֪ˮҪˮˡ
˵ҶıӡҶպڱռݾԵĵ
ΨһǵģսĽ档
컯Ǻӵ컯ս컯񽫣¡
ԣԴһ¾ս֮ڰԪİ£Ҷֱӳ˱ǵıݹڡ
ǰҶոմܱˮʱ򣬾յļλ
ã
Ѿڵ̬ȡ
ҶתҲǴһ˽ᣬЩ£ûô򵥡
Ҷոջصݹͷڱݹڵȴһˡ
ݹŪͥУò֡
Ŀģڼܹͯºߺţ죬ݹҶˣ㻻ۼҴıҶ


2997 Ȩ
Ǵʷʡûһλ˰ɣ
ݹڣҶڼܹͯºոշϵӡһζ
ոƨֻմ˰ӵڼܹͯºæվһЦ
Ҷ˵ЦˣܵĹһֱΪޱȣ֮λڳ֮϶˵ء
𣿡
ҶЦЦֽаӡ׸ͯºͯºæסһΡ
ү㡭ǺⰡ
ûɶ˼һҪҲգۡ
Ҷ˼ͯºˣҲһּԭ֮һ
һصķֻͣһľλӦķְ˾ɶûС
ԭܸӣҪԭҶʵйء
Ҷ֮أħǧˮ壬Ȼɲһ㣬ٸ֮أ
ֵҶ¾¡ĹϵҲ临ӣ˵ġ
ܵĴͳķأа֮صġ
أүţū˵ͯºЦ˫ֽӡݸҶ档
Ҷȴǲӣͯºֻεķš
ү˵ˣĿǰս𣬷زöؼǣү볤³ɻڼʱҪɻ飬Ҳʵʳء
µ˼ǣȹү볤飬ǽүķشһһƬҲЩͯºЦ
ֵʳҵķƬ²һ֮˰ɣʱ򣬱˯ţҶ޼ɵЦ
֮ԣͯºֻûһЦүҪǲЦū˻ʹ
ʹҶȻҶ滹ǲ֪
ūϽһ׼šͯºϾͷ˷Ѷ
ɣҶһӣʹѡ򵥣˵Ҷأ
ˣʹ˭
ԣͯºЦǺǵĴȻǹү볤¶εˡҶķ֮ǰͯºٴԭ׼ࡣ
ش׼ˣô˵Ҷݺݵĵһͯºһۣʹ󲽵ȥ
ףүҪǣ
شȼұӭҶĻͯºЩȻ
ֻǣҶո̤Ϳ˱İࡣ
δòδ䣬ϢȻͻƵ컯ݼ䣬ȴ˼ɫ
״Ҷæ첽ӭȥȰ˵ʲôҶͷס˰ı䣬ϣ˱ôҲһϢģء
Ȼ˵ҶԶĴȣǰȻ
ಢ˵´Ҷ棬·ﵽ⿴ҶһΣЦΪˣ۷ˣλҲˣҪλ˳ˣˡ
û䣬Ҷ滹ǸҶ棡
Ҷһ㣬Ű࣬ȻЦЦЦУ˰ֽ

Ҷǽ£Լᵽλʱ򣬲ôܴڼܹͯºҲεԼλڡ
Ҷ۽ǵֻ΢΢ɨһͯºʱͽ߾Ĵλվһԡ
ģҶȻͻȻЩ㱣ǰڼܹ㳯
㳯Ҷж㳯һڼܹһְ˵ݴܣκ˶С
ةŸ٣ڼܹ㳯Ҳ֮
ǰڼܹͯºأ
ҶǰȻҲվҲǵģﻹһڼܹܵ硣
Ҷһֽµĸо
ҶҲףҲӦΪĹϵҪǰͯºɾͲһˡ
ָоҶ治ʤꡣ
һԣ࿴ҶĿͻվڼܹͯºҲһĲм
ܵڼܹܣһ첻һ졣
Ҷ棬˽ں۹£˴ǰ֪ĽᣬǰʹҴ˼ݲּ⣡˵
Ҷͷּ⣿
һǼݿհ׵Ĵ;飬һζħ壬ˮ壬߶ֱ࣬ʹ;λֱɣȴ߲ϸʡ
һȺһλȺλȺλ֮λһȹʮӾʮĸоʮ֮ⰲš˵
ԣҶĬȻͷظһʺصĺôɡ
ҶĵλھλѾûʲô뷨ˡ
Ҷʵݹ
ûУ
ǣҶ²һ
ܵľλҶջǷǳǿġ
Ĵͳ磬עһ㡪Ǵж롣
ԣһսĽʿҲ˹ѫҶʲôʹأ
˲Ƹ֮⣬ҪģǾλѫˡ
Ҫǣϡ
־λʹνĶϣǳأڴܻʵۡ
һּ⣬νĶϵϣָľҶ棬Ǵˡ
ȻλǴܵġ
Ҷף¾̬ͼıҶ򺣾򺣾ԶҶġ
ȻأȻҶϵãҶûе̬
Ȼ󣬾볤ֹ֮Ļˣ֮ǰʧһ£ʱգ񣬱Ȼ¡
ڻڷΧ࿴Ҷ˵
˵꣬ڼܹͯºͻȻͲһ䣬У˵ˣڿҶɻĵص㣬Ҷѡ
ͯºĻŭĿӣҶȴȻǽɳͷβȨˣ


2998 صļ
νˣˡ
ذҶ浱ȨԸȨܵڼܹͯºҶǰҶԭܼ򵥣ͯºǴĿġ
νǶҶ½Ĵ󷽴;ֻ볤ֹĻ£ڡµص㶼ҶҶϵ׽ǰ׼ʹһУʵһĳ롣
Ҷν׵ĳ롣
Ȼνףǲõ֮ڿڣڼܹͯºڲġ
Ҷ֮˴ȣʵǱ볯Ҷ
ޣҶףǱߵˣٴ¶һ˿ζ̫֮أҶĳܲ𡣡
ôأԲᡣͯºЦһæ볯ϣҶܹشܵĺħ壬ˮ壬ҴܵĶұðҴ渳˰Ķ½ȶս𲨼
صĿۣҶ붮
¾ͻȻͱǰ˷ִ磬ûǰ
Ҷ汾Ϊؿܻûߵ򺣾û뵽ֻĿǰսߡ
ȻĿĺģһҶĿǰսԣסħˮ壬֤ܶصİȫ
Ŀǰܴսطĸ˰ղǶңôӴɾûжˣҪɽˡ
ҪǣǵڶҪ󡪡ǳأ¾վߡ
شӦôʵҶվߣˊ¾ݣҲվĿǰءءԨ˵Ķ档
Ҷսޱȵı޲FҶѾǴܵһ˧ˡ
ټһαսҶھ޲
ôҶһվӵ壬ضԣͷǳشˡ
ԣͯº˵֮󣬾۰Ͱ͵ĿҶ棬Ҷ治Ӧ
طѾƳˣǵ׿㶼¶ˣҪҶ滹ӦڼܹܹҲĵͷˡ
ϣȵ֮ൽΣҶ濴˰ࡣ
ʊ¡ں֣֮Ҷ֪Ҷ沢Ҫ
ǣڳֹԷǳҪ
ֹТȻ֮ǰʊ¡лʳ֮٣óֹģʊ¡ȥֲһˡ
νΪʊ¡Ͼǳֹĸס
˵ɱʊ¡ĻףǊĻôҶûбҪʲôˡ
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ֻҶɻ飬Բ߱Ċֻ¡
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ȻҶ˼˼һ¾˵۶ϣȵ̶ûйϵȻȫûбҪд˼ɻ֮٣ҲΪˣŻֱ֧¡
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һͯºŵΪǱ£ֻ˴֮̿٣
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ôܵķѣʼյĿꡣ
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ˣΪʲôزΪˣԸУ
ң֪ǵһʱ֧ѹԼĻӺ߻ӵˣ˲أ
ʱû֤ݣͯºЩ顣
ҶЩ̾ϢѾǲĴˡ
ҪǻһԲϣҪս
֤ݣ
ʲôʱҪ֤ݣ
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ˣҶص̬Ⱥǳ׸ˡ
ˣڴлµʹˣΪغú붫Ż
Ҷôһ˵ͯºȴǴϲӶЦˡ
ˣǾҶ볤ֹµĻص㣬ۡǶҪ׼ͯºǳ׵һȻˡ
ص㣿
ڣٶɣ
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ڻ֮أ͡ذɣ
أ
ڼܹͯº鶸رȻ֣ҶҪӭȢֹ£
ôӭȢһѵӦڵ۹ӭȢ
ѲҪ͵͵Ȣأ
˵ҶĿһֻߣܹͯΪضҶǵɽ𺣣Ҳȥ
ͯºˣҲ׷Ӧ˹أū˵ˣӭȢֹ£ȷʵӦء
ʵ֮ԿںͻǵصҶѡԭ򣬾Ҷ浣ȥΣգŸ㡣
ϾظĴҶǿȨ
ֻ˭û뵽Ҷûаص̶Ѩ
ܹͯת£ȱսЪҶ涨أлʹͣӭȢ֡Ҷ˵
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ˣҶǽķţͯºϲصȥҲӦûһ
ͯºҶ濴⣬Ŀ
õλߺŵȼõĹϵӦúȥδأ


2999 Ȼ޿
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Ҷ˿ģͽб
λھƫȺҶ棬Ҷһ֮ȴֻǲسݹ
ڵλȺŰɣ
سݣҶ֣صллسҶµһʱڵļᶨ֧֣ñûгҶ治õĲʧ
л֮Ҷ浹Ҳż⼸λ˲㣬ڴ˾ƻ
ҶԪ˧ҪϷڻϿҶʢ飬سˣȴĿЦˣϾͬţҶԪ˧Ϸһˣȴˣպ֮ڣϷҪඣ
Ҷسݵһƣϣ˼ǣҶһͬʣ
سݽҶݹľһ򾡣˿Ҷ棬ȴûд𻰡
ҶִٴθسݵƣϣνԹϣԵ±Թɲʲô¡
ұڵ֧֣Ŀõģأ֮⣬ôҵģ
Σ֮ʣȫ泷뱱ֵĻ̻̲˵ԪڵˣȻҪֹڵ컯񽫳֡
˵ҪûֶΣⱱǳ˺ôܵĵط
سﳨţǣȻҶҪʲô
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콫ջļڡ
ҶԪ˧֮£顣سٴνоһٱҶ档
룡
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Ǽλɡ
ǣ
İ뿪һŵæ˧ҪҪЩƲˣ

ҶһۣΪʲôҪ
ĲǣǲϣҺúѧţҶ˵
¶һ˿ɫһαգǷηɰͦҪҶˡ
еӣˣһ̳Ҷ˵
Ȼ̫Ҷ˼һԡ
ʵЩҶߣԼҲһЩ뷨ġ
ܾģƺҶ涼ûʲô£ȫ㡢컹һġ
żҲԼͿ๦ߣҶɡ
ҶʱָĲ⡣
Ѷϣûɱ֮ܣ
ѶϣĽ졣
ֻ۴ĸ棬ֻҶĳʷ
ңľ㲻㻹Ƿǳְصġ
ҶͻȻʧ٣ż֮ʣżҲ֤һᣬ֤ûҶ£Զһ档
ʵ֤ˡ
ȷʵԶһ棬Ҷ˶£ѹķſԶһ档
׼ȷ˵ģʵһûⲿвı
һҶʧ٣ⲿв˵һӦǺϹһ֮ҲӦ
գǷηɰΣ֡
Դ˲ԼԼףҶĲ
ҶҶɱϡҶǿƣҶĸƼ򵥣ȴҪ
ˣǳˣҶڣ
Ҳǳ׵ķڷ
Դ˿̣һԣĵѧϰҶ洦ֶΡ
ҶسƱյУİڵλ̤
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֮ǰѾһʱǰǰʱĹ
ƫƫҶ֮ǰʱˣȻֻȼسݡ
λҲɵ֪Ҷôǣ֮ǰΪҲˡ
ǴʱһҶسںȾƣǼ˵ϻһĿվ̳Ʈŵľ㣬кȵ΢Ҷسݣ˵һʱӦһֱ֡
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ĸǽи
һĸҲԪȌ飬ɫһҪ
ȴһѣʦܣȣˣܸʲô
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Ҫçײһ¡ٴȰһ䡣
Ȍͷһ̤ھٱҶȵҶԪ˧Ĵ֮
Ȍ߳ףسݾٱҶ棬ȴǻδţٴγسݾٱϣӽյһ£ͳһڸ
ڱڣֻʸյӣյ֮η䣬ʱȫһԶ
һȌ顢Ϊ׵˷׷ɫ䣬ҶҪǵҪ
ͣ
ҲֱʱҶб˹Ȍ飬Ҷĳ֮ͣȻ֮ڣȻ޿֮ͣ˵


3000 миĸǣ
Ҷĳ֮ͣȻ֮ڣȻ޿֮ͣ˵
Ҷ仰̬ȷǳ
ǼѹҶĳĿˣȿͣ
һΪƫĻзѼС
Ҷľ֮⣬ʮԡ
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ΪҶ淽˵յһ£ȫڣĵӣسݷڡ
ֱǿˡ
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Ϊм˵ģ˭Ըȥ㺣
ӽˮ
ԣĶ̰壬ȱĵӣƸڲȱ
⼸Ҷı֮ڵ̰壬õ˲룬Щ۵ĲƸʼȫͶ뵽Щϡ
˵⼸ķչȹȥ۵ķչҪĶࡣ
ʱգ׳ڡ
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ΪڵĵһţΪڻȨһλ
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һ㣬Ǳλ̫ϣҲø档
λ̫ϣҲǷڣҲִ
ҪȻҲὨڣִһˡ
ڣҶôһ㣬գڷ䣬ôý룬ڿ϶úĵӡ
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ҪǣֻҪ˴ȨպȌ顢¶ҪسݵıϢˡ
ܽܵġ
Ǳ̫ҲԸ⿴ͽܵġ
ڵʵǿԵҲӰ쵽λ̫֮Ĺϵλ
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ҲгǸ֮¼ʱˣ˼һ£ȿڷѡ
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ҶԪ˧ĹȷʵЧҲܲסϰӢŰɡ
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ҶԪ˧ĪҪ̫ŭ߳
ҶȴЦˣָȌ顢˴Цͼˣ̫ˣ
ǣǵһѣ

Ҷٴָͷӽ𣬱˧µѲ˾ȫڣҪǸΥ˧һӵĻһգͽһɵϼȥ
ޣˣڸʵǿ컯أĴұܸϲߣ
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Ҷ潫еĿվƱŵϣͻȻЦ˵㣬Ҷ˵˭̣˭̣ҺΣ
㣡
ؿھ˫ĿҶ棬ֱ𣬵ȴƫƫҶûκΰ취ΪҶ˵ģȫʵ
ⱱҶ˵㡣
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޷Һǰɣ
ҶЦţֶƱ˧ıֹڴˣ֮ǰұյĵӣʲôλݣʲôݣҽȫٻأ
ôܣ
ûʲôܵģյĵӣұӣмиĸǣҡ
˧ѹҪЩֶΣֻҪһ飬ͿǷأ
ѲɣڻֹǻؼҾТҶȵ
һйȌ־ŭֿ֡
ǰδϸ룬һȴҶ׮׮ȫֱָڵ
Ҷ˿˵ÿһûκο
ʱڱ˵Ƿչˣһҹ֮䣬ҶͿԽչڸԭΣһҹصǰ
Ҷģˣ
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Ȍ飬ͻȻͱ


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Ҷɫȴ˿䣬еľƱţ΢۾Ȍ飬ޣ˺£ָ㣿
ȌϢٴ΢΢һᣬ˫зΣյϢʵҶԪ˧ˣ䣬վǿΪ𣡡
ǿΪ𣿡
Ҷ̾һǿߣָ𣿡
Ȼ
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˱
Ҷ͵ֱ壬Ŀ絶һȌ飬Ե棿
Ȍ鱻ҶȣȴǺãҶԪ˧һУôڣҲ֮٣˱
˱ƾ𣿡ҶЦ
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ȌĻأҶɱ͵͸һȌ飬Ҷ⾹Ȼǵ֡
ҶȌȴһҲĺ£ٺЦ
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Ȍ飬Ϣߵ㣬ҪֽѵҶ棡
ҲڴʱȌֻǰһûӦһ˶İƾͺ
Ȍֻǰһڣһʹ˱תðǵķ˳ȥ
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ȌʲôΪ
Ȼ컯񽫣컯˵ΪҲǴġ
ҹȌͨΪԳԵѹţʵԶԶǿһ컯ˣҶһССĵܹ˵ģ
ʵϣҶֻһƣͽȌȷˣȵĿѪ硣
ΪֹǶûҶôйȌأⲻܰ
Ȍȷʵȷˣɳ˼Ŵ
ֹˣһƻҶ磬׷ȥŹȌһͳ顣
ֽҶ̫óˡ
жԴҪк
컯ˣԴϱкҲ޷
οҶʱ䷨ӳ֮£Ȍ뷴Ҳûκλᡣ
ƾȌʵұҶһͳȌ飬һЦŲھͿڽһȌ飡
ɢžɷɽسҶУֱֹȌüģ
ʱ˿̣ŷӦҶҪףʱҲ˲ʲôϢһҶˡ
ҡյλսӰϢĳ֣˲Ϣ乭¡
ÿѹ϶֧ʸ䣬ָˡ
˭Ҷһ£͸Ҽ䱬Ҷλģ޵׶һһ³
Ҷʵǿ
ŹȌҲͰˣλ䣬ʲôʱͻƵ컯ˣ
컯˾жλ֪ġ
λŵŵǿ󴫳УʦµرʱϢ£һͣԭأʱͲҶֺ
һһΡκ;壬˭ҲҶ
Ҷ棬һǰǿһһȌ˫ֺ˫š
ǹͷüëǲҶֺ
λ컯˾ļǿɲģ
˭Ҳ
ȌŭĿУҶٴһ̤ݺݵĲȌļȻٴһƺݺݵĳȥ
ʲô򣬽ľ㣡
㲻ΪʵǿͺţƣͿΪΪ𣿡
ھΪΪ㿴
һҶֳ˹Ȍһơ
ʱҶڽ£ֱҶƣǵôʦֵܵ棬Ȍ߷ȴ޿κΡ
ڣûиҶ淽εֵģ
ݺݵĽȌһƳɣҶתλǱҶոշſȌ飬͵طһХҶ棬Ϊ׵ļرĹ⻪ͬʱ
컯˶ԣͷҲʹһ㣬һ㣬ʵȴûжӰ졣
ʱҶſΪܵĹȌ飬Ҳûκι˼ɣȫֱҶ档
һĻ㾪һֱδڵسݣҲüëһȻΪҶ浣ġ
ҶǣȴǸһ˿Цʵ컯񽫣ǲԶˣ
ҲҶôֻ΢΢һΣͿ쵽˼㣬Ȍ鱳ûзɳһĴӣ͵ػûɽҵ˹Ȍ֮ϡ
һƴͣ¹ȌȻ߶˺鱦ɱҶһҵͷǿѣԿ׻Խ
Ȍ鵱ѣ״
سȴ͵վҶԪ˧飡
ոշ͵µĺĴƴ͵ͣ˹Ȍͷøո˼ֵĹȌ飬ҵĴϢ

ڷһɲǣȌĸܵ
ȌԸܵҶɱ֮ģ
ԣʱ˿̵Ȍ飬Ҷ߲ޱȣɶҲҶ
һɱ
ŵţȻʧ
֮ģǲ⡢λ߲ѣ
ƴҶɻΪˮ˫ϵ鱦Ϊ˳֣Ҷˡ
һΣҶȴ֣λһ㵹õľƣһڣǿԺúõ̸˰ɣ


3002 ʧȥʸ
֮ڣǷλ𣬻ǱҶڵءƴͷϲҶ˿ĹȌ飬Ҷֳʵǳ𾪡
Ҷ桢гֱĴسݣҲеľ㵡
Ҷձֳʵ̫ǿˣ
˵λɵֻѹ˽Ϣ
෴ģسݻˣΪɳµȥս˽Ҷʵġ
ǵϸϸۿҶ밽մսʱӰ򣬱Ȍ顣
Ҷʵһµжϡ
ʵĻ£ɱ֮Ҷ棬ӵ컯۷սǿһ㡣
ǣҲڴ˶ѣ
һû䣬Ҷһǿĵѣܷӳ컯˳ڵսͶˡ
ҲǹȌҶĸ
ΪȌȻֻ컯˺ڵΪǳţͨطڿտҰ⣬ܻСҶ档
ڱݹ֮ڣʣʰҶ档
û뵽Ҷʰˡ
سݴ˿ҲһȻĿҶ档
Ѿֵܹĸ߹ҶˣԲżᶨվҶһߡ
û뵽ҶᱬȻлҪˡ
λ컯˾䣬ֻǰڳ˼ƣͽ˸סˡ
ͻȻ䣬سݾһ¡ˣ
֮ǰΪеľڰҶ棬ҲΪķչ
ڣسݲףǰľٶľڡ
ļɳӢֱ֧ӭڵģܾս
Ҷʵ
ԣҶ˵ڿԺú̸ˡʱ򣬷еģֻѹ֣Ҳû֮ǰָ߸ϵĸо
һ̣ϵҶ棬ƺڸһЩ컯˸еһĪı΢
Ҷλ䣬ѾչҶ󣬵ǣĪѹ˲ᶯҾȳڴƴ֮µĹȌ顣
ҶҪ˵̸ǾҪ̸ˡ
Ѿõڶԣ˸ӵż
Ҷǿƣǵջ᲻̫ù
ҶԪ˧֮ǰҵΪвԣӲͷƤڣֻǵʱƣҵֻѡ񡣡
ôҲֻڱľҶ߸ĸſڵķ
ҶڴӺ޾֮󣬷ڵΪ֮ҶͻȻ䷢֣ˣҴ
ΪŵԭΪչڡ
أֻõĺ鶼ǡ
ԣҶн֮٣
Ҷô˵Ƿһ˿ɫ£ȷʵˣΣҶԪ˧ԿǿԺú飬ֲģһֲ
Ҷչֳǿʵ֮סڵ֮󣬷ˣǳǵѡ˷
Ǵˣ
ҶЦ䣬ֱӽеľƱˤķ飬Ǳ壬Ǳѣ
Ҷָ÷ɫ췢ڣʱ˿̣Ʊǿֻš
ǣѾʧȥٴεʸԣ̸ɣҶ˵
̸
ͬʱüЩҶ˼󣬻ڵҶԪ˧˵УҪ˭̸ֱӵͿɣ
ǲҵ˼ҶŵĽӹ¾ƣһ
ǼѾû˺̸ʸڵҪ뻹ڱͽͽǵʦ̸
̫ϣ
ǲܣ
˼ܾͬҶ档
ܣ
Ҷֳ⣬ڱɱȌ𣿡
Ҷ棬ûзŵ˻ǱڵĵһϰߣȌ֮ǰȻɳ컯񽫣ֹڵս˵컯񽫣ɱҲ˵
Ȍ龹ȻҪҳ֣Ҫѵ֮
ˣѵҪŻȥԣֻɿԸұ
˵ҶɱȻʦҽ죬ֻɱȌ
ǣ˭Ҳ֡˭Ҷ֣˸ܵ͸ǵĺ⡣
ƴѹڵ޷ĹȌ飬ҲɵĲһ¡
ˣ
ҶĻеˡ
֣Ҷ治ɱʵɱĵӣ
֮ǰ˽Уͬ˵ҶɱӢףҲֻ֮һЦѡ
һ˸λеһУᱻµµ񻯡
ģҶбµģȴû˵ôţƣҶһǴġ
ڣȌˣ
Ҷͱ£ҶɱӢףѹûκδĳɷݡ
Ҷı֣˴˵ɱҪ֣
سȴ͵վҶԪ˧ĸҵʦֵܣҾԲ˺ǣ
Ҫ˺ǣֻڹˣ
ԣҲǶѡһ
ҶĿسݣҪɵȌ飬ͷҪɹȌʦʹȌ飬ҳŵ
˵꣬Ҷֲһ䣬Ҳܵڶαѣ
αѡĸ֣һѵһݺݵն˵ͷͷһ޷ݵС
ǰûҶ̸ʸ
λʦܣˣǻϵ̫ϣǶɣسݳ


3003 
ںĵӳ֮ΪؾĵطƮеĴתţܱʣɾ
һһ⼫ͻأĳմǰʹһֱӽ˴
ǰǰһմǰ
һȥ֮󣬴ھˬʵĳЦλʦܣһۣǧǰɣ
ʦ˵ĲһۣǾŰʮǰһŮ
ׯʦúüԣЩ꣬ԽԽˡʦַ̾һ
˺ˣʦҲ̾ˣҲׯʦñչΪԭҵȼʮ꣬껹ǻһεġۻУʦ쿪ˡ
ʦ䣬˳շ壬ȴӣֱˬһڣļλʦֵܶЦ
ȷʵΪֲˣȻ˹ׯʦΪﵽ컯ڣ죬ΪֱػᲹһݺ񣡡
մеһˣеģһûõУ͸⣬ܿʦׯģ
ʦ֣˵ģݺСþ͵ˡ
˵˵ʦַЦָЦǼѲɾţϺ񣿡
һֱδڵʦ죬ʦ֣ǵĺׯʦòˣѾõˡ
ЦׯʦãʦַȻ󸧶Цѵһ
ׯһİۣ¶һΪı飬ٴʦַտЦݺ񣬵üӺ񰡡
ˣСþлʦˣׯֲ֧
մһĻȻΪ֪ǵĵӣҲڵļλسݡȌ˿һĻһᾪ
Եʦ𣬿ɲģǾĬɣżн̸ҲᣬЩʦǰҳ⼸λʦЦ
ˣ
ʦ߿һ۽촽ɫ̫õʦīۣڳ˴¡
ȌСȻʦܵ״ӣҲ洫
СӴ˿̿һߣǲۣʦܿҪˡ
߻һ𣬵мλʦֵܵĿ䵽ʦīϣһֱδڵʦī΢΢֣ʦʦǼЦˣû뵽ĵӸոûãʹ˴

ʦ߷һЦܴʲôĴΣ
ׯʦΪҲǴɾ컯֮λ˵о
棬кοµģ
һ⣬˵鶼Ц˲Ϣһɨա
ոջͬλʦֵܿЦĴʦַգʱͱõͳһ˿ѵζ
ʦܣţЩڿޣЩγһֱ
ڱȴ֮ĵرе潲ǡ
ʦַյдһ˿⣬ͣһᣬֱü֮£Ѿ˹ؼʱ̣λʦʦãһ°ɣҶҪδã
򹫸ڵĳͻö˵ǸԵĵӶѾøַʽˣ˿Ҫģô
ȿڵģʦߣҶ棬ֶΣǹǿƣȴû֪֮
Ȼס˹Ȍ飬ԴΪвҪ飡
ʲôȻҪ
Ȼ
߻δ䣬ʦͳԣʦܣҵȵĵӹȌ顢ΪҶĴ󣬲ڵΣ֡
ǾٲܷˣԲҶ档
ӣ
ЦһȌ顢ȷʵЩˣҶ棬ӵĳЩͨһӵ컯񽫵ս˭Ҳû뵽Ҷĸͨɱ֮ս飬ΪȻͻƵ컯˾
Եԭ
ٽҶʵθһ̨̨ס
Ҷ棬ӵ컯۷ս
ǣΣ
ǰҲûɣ
ҲʦִֻʵǱնɱİô˵
նɱ컯񽫰գҶֻǸѣʩչɱ֣ӦǴܵǸѾͷƬ嶾飬Ǹʱɶǽ֮
ԣüͷһ壬ʦܣûĿӰɣǸҶ棬ȷʵ˵յ
˵ΣһССĵȻԵЮ֣вҵȣⲻǻĲͷ𣿡ԡ
ˣһֱĬʦīڽڣҵȵĵЩƤ֮ˣܵѵҲá
ҵȵƤ˵ãʦŵ棬ȴ˲ãȻȻ٣಻κΪ֮
˵䣬ʦīһ֣մͻȻ͸һңҶϡšĸ֣䣡
šĸһڣʱͳĬˡ
ĸ֣ͷ֡
ֻ
ŵʢ˿һһǰȻȻľʦ½롣
һȥʦ½룬뵱ʢٵţ˾㶼溬ɫ
մգ˲Ϣͱѹ
ãδڵĴʦַշһ̾ԽʱѲǵգţʦȥҵҴӣ־ţ͵ɰٴܻ۵лٴһ̳֮
ʦ˵ǡʦ쿪Ӧһ󣬷Ϳī
ˣ˵̬Ⱦͷǳˡ
ī̬ǲܹϢҪάϣҪֶζ֮
ʦַʦֵ˼ǡǡ෴ţΪ˸ţŽһпŽչ
ĿǰҶıҪŽ
īѼ
˵ĿⶼСʦׯ
һĻʦַհ̾Ϣ
һĻ֪ظ˶ٴΡ
ڲϵ
ʱ򣬷Ҳ룬Ѻţڲ綼أʢʱţǲҲأ
ϧǣʦ֣ļְϸûעⷽ档
עʱ
λʦĿעţСʦׯü㿴ˣҪ
ˣʦ֣㾫㲻ΪҶԤ𣿲׽ⱱһ¡
ҪԤһΣҶǵĸ˴ҵһΣ
һӣֱɱ˱ɡׯ飬˵Ŀ⸴˴ʦַϡ
ˣ
ʦַȴҡҡͷʮǰˣΪָӦһ¼пɣδ֮ǰ޷Ԥˡ
ԣʦʦīһۣĿȻ޷ԤҲǴʦּڵһ𽥲Ȩԭ
Ȼʦ˵ˣҶǵĸ˴ҵǼһֺη
ãҲʦַ
˵ʲôСʦׯ͵ƣ


3004 
Ҷسڵļλ̫ȻӦҶҪ󣬻ٱҶ̸µʱҶ滹ЩСġ
ŬôãڿԼŵĵӣڿԼʦ½ļλ״ˡ
Ҷ沢ûбͷԣҶ滹Ǻѵġ
ԣⳡᣬѹǷƼʻʦֵϵϷ롣
ⳡᣬҶֻԱ֮ݣڵ̫ϻ˵ŵļλʦ̸С
ҶĶλ
ʵҶ֮ǰҲĿǰ˵Σķ
ɹķ֮غ޾ӳ˵þĿĸ߲Ŀ⣬϶Ҷϡ
ĸ߲㣬ӦĴڡ
Ȼ˵ĿǰҶʾ֮ǿʱŪţ֣ǺúŪģ
˵һ죬컯Ҷ溷Ȼ֡
壡
ҶնɱѾĹС
˵Ѿ컯ĸȻ˹ء
ңĿǰĵľǣ컯߲ܲսѾʵ
֮컯ǿ߶Բսħڡ
ҶıγԱħ壬˵Ҳɳ컯񽫡컯Ŀܡ
ҶĿǰƽ˱֮ΣҶԼȴһ޷ݵľ޴վ
컯ǿϮɱΣȻ޷ݡ
Ŀǰŵļλʦϣƺǽĺð취
ʦ½뽨ţеκһڶ࿹׵İλ״Ӹ
ȻЩŰ䣬ʦ½״ӶԸ컯ǿߣӦûɣ
ֻҪŵʦϣôҶĿǰΣķվͿ⡣
ǣҶڲΣ
ʦ½˵ģ״ӵУͽġ
ҶƶϣڣӦλʦ½״ӣôλ״ӵУ᲻һλͽأ
ͽܣҶóȻϣ㲻Ͷأ
ңҪ⣬ͽڲȨᡣ
ҶҴʦϣ϶Ҫʦ½ĵھλ״ӵϡ
ܹ֤Ҷݵģֻʦ½µŵĴеϰ벿
ֻ״ӲС
⻹Ҷ֤Լܹ֤Ҷݵģ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪԼԪ鰢
ЩӦܹ֤Ҷʦ½״ӣȻƵ֤в١
ǣ£ô򵥡
Ҷʦ½֮Ȼؽŵģŵݡ
ȻҶҲһҪǸŵš
ĿǰҲڵſؽţҶǳЧ
ЩսҶҲЩˣҶҲȱ裬Զ½ŮҶ飡
ǣҶεǣҶĿǰĹ۲죬ڲܸӣ
ϵȨ೸⡣
£ҪţѹΡ
Ҷʦǣ˵Ϊ˫Ʒ
ȻһַҶʦǣڵĴȨȫš
ǣҶδıСʦܣƾһЩʦֵܿԣҪڵĴȨѹˡ
ǳ׼飬˼ҿྭӪ˼ڵƾʲôҪҶ棬Ҫ
һ壬ⲡţµĶǿּ֧ҵͻȻһδŸӣưԸӹܼ帴˼塣
Ķǻͬйأ
˵ĶǻɵŸӣ
ҶĿǰʹһεС
οҶӹСʦܣЩʦԶˡ
ԣҶΪ֮أԱݣ뼸λʦ̸ȽӴͼԺ
ڣҶ֪λ̫ϡҲʦҪʱ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ˻
ԭðԪӦһ⼸λʦֵʵá
ǣŵļλʦֵܣ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪǱȽϤġ
Ҷ滹û뼸λʦɶλʦȷ鱦ʮԪ챦ϢȻҶ浱ʦų˸ɵʦر
ҶǾˡ
鵹ûʲô
һؼϢǸӦ鵱̫ãֶʦ½֣֮λʦֵܲϤϢ
ˣҶ׼밲š
죬ֻǱ֮Ҷ棬λ̫ϵһλѣ
ĵȴУҶڴسһͻȻ¹ڣһࡣ
˱ƴѹڵصĹȌ֮⣬õ𣬾㴹ӭ״õλ̫ϵˡ
ڵϵĹȌȻ¶֮ɫǰһģʦֱҪɱԺռˡ
ԣȌһģ߶𣬾Ҷƴѹһ档
ǣҶΪͳ˧˼εȵܣԤϵ˹Ȍ»£ԣ׼ֶΣ͵
ڹȌ鱬ɲǣһöССĺɫˮӡͻȻ֣ݺݵӡ˹ȌԺ
飡
ոմ߶ȫĹȌ飬Сӡ̺ĿֲݺݵӡԺ˾һոԾһͻȻ䱻㡣
Űۣ彩Ӳصˤڵϡ
Ȍ˿˵жǱǱ
󣬿ѪˮĹȌ飬Ѿûκ
ҲڴʱϢӰ˲Ϣͽڱڣ


3005 
ȌѪɫˮһˤڵϵΣøոսٵӰ˸š
ӭʦٵسݡ¶֮ɫ
ȻҲ׹Ȍ뷨
Ƥʦǰɾ
ֻû뵽һĸӳס
ˣʦŵƤ
һӰҲȌʦ𡢻Ԫڵ̫ϡ½״īϢһһȲߡ
Ȍģīе㷢գڶʦֵܵ棬ȌȻƤˡ
ŭȌܵͬʱīǻŭͻһĪѹҶ档
컯ǿ߶еѹ
ǿֲѹǵصҶϮȥɲǣʦһ֣оͷɳ죬ֲϵ巽
˲Ϣ䣬͸ϢʦīͻȻ䱬ѹҲˡ
ʦīŭ֣ΪʦֵķȴһΡ
˭Ҳû뵽ǽٺ󣬿ξȻ⡣
ǡǰݺݵʦīƤʦīŭ֡
ҵǣīĳֻзִ磬ֻѹҶѣ
£ΪʦҲ赲ˣֻīһڶ
ѹѾϢѹˣǴĳ־
ͷ·ѹ㣬ͷ·־ҪһɭȻ
ѹ֮£־һ߿ܵĵѶȱ־ǿߣҲ־һѹ֮¾֣ʺ
Ҷ棬ڳ˶Ѿܵڵѹ
зӦģȴҶİѹңңһ壬Ŀѣβʣ
һԣļλӣس磬ޱ飬ȴ¶ϲɫ
ʦؾȻŭ֣Ҷеúÿˡ
ʱ˿ֻ̣ҪҶ֣ǾܹݺݵĳһڶһԽУ
ͬһɲǣҶ˫ü͵ص񹭶ظ֣ȻҶ涸ԹأǿɱɷشҶеӿӭ˹ѹ
Դˣ˭û⣬һ˿м
ҶʵȷʵǿĳǵϣڼλʦǰҶϣϡ
ʦس֣Ҷ滹ֿҵֿⲻ۵
ۼѹҪѹҶ˴̼ɱ꣬ͻȻ䷢һ˵ļ˻ʵʵɷشϯ
ϯɷ޾ľ֮⣬˲Ϣīѹײһ
ۣ
ƽһ磬񹭵ɷīѹͬʱʧ
˲Ϣ䣬سݵ˾ˣոսٵӰҲһ˫һȻ
ҶһССĵڣȻֵסīѹ
ֱţ
ʦַо䣬ָҶ񹭵ɷĪɷ
ɷ
һŮȴСʦׯׯ졢߻īһȻҶ档
Ƕɷɲ򵥣
ǿɴӵɱһִգ
գؼҵǳɱģ
վҶ棬һ˪˵ע£λȻ
Ϊǹͣû뵽Ƕͣ
ҶĻλ̫ϼѿ
Ĭī֣ҲиҶһ˼ռǿƣ
û뵽ȴҶĸ˻ǵ
컯ŭ֣ȴƽ⣬ҶٴǵƤ
֮࣬ʦīɫӵѿ
ȻҶҲǶԿīѹҪ潻֣ĿǰҶ棬ֻ
ΣΣʦīΣΪīʦ߳ųˣһ
һԵسȻ籾Ӧġ
ԭ˫Ӧú̸ǽţֻܽĿ⿴ʦգֻʦҲһĿЦ
ʦīƤʱҲֹ򣬾Ҫˡ
ЦλҶ棬񹭣ɱ磬ǹͣовһе̸
ǶֻͣͿˣڴӽ𣬽Ϊ̣ȫҪҹ
̣֣ʦīͫ΢۾˫зޱΣյϢ
ʦЦͶͣҲӦı²УϵЩͣɲ;ߵģ
вҶˡ
вҶȴ˿ԡ
ұĵϣûҶͲߵĶͣҶޱȡ
𣿡ʦѹ
ҶɷٴϣƣҪԣ


3006 Ҷ
Ҫԣ
Ҷĵƣ߾ˣλ̫Ϸա졢ׯԼīǳ⡣
Ҷ棬̬̫ǿӲˡ
ڵλ֮࣬ȴЩȻˡ
ҶǵļλΪͶ컯ʦʱǿӲôǵ֮裬ҲͲʲôˡ
ڹȌ飬ʱĺˣ
Ҫ֪ҶǿӲˣʦǶӲʲôͷ
棬ǳ׶ˡ
𾪵ȴҪˣ
ʱ˿̣㶼ڷС
컯
ÿһ컯ײβÿһλǿߣôˣδκһλ컯
ǽ죬һλ˵Լҵλ컯ܣƣ
Ҫǻˣһλ컯Ͼͱϯˣʦ֮ˡ
Ӳ
ƣ
Լ
ԼҵôˣӲ˻ȥ𾪵̾Ϊֹ
ڷİ˿̳˳ݻǳݣ
ԼҴˣؼΨһӲ컯ĵ˰ɣ
ԭ߲ĳֻ֣һҶ棬ҶڽжռϷ硣
˿̣Ҷȴ亱Ӳ˻˵һƵҪ֡
£ǿ벻̣
ҪֽѵһҶ棬ҪȻ컯ĸ飡

³֣΢ռڵϢһ䣬컯Ҫǳ֣Ȼһˡ
ڵϢһɲǶҶĵһ
Ҳڴʱһޱȵɷ͸ؼ׵ķʸһ͵شΧҶϢֱָʦߣ
ɷһʦ߻Ϊ֮һϢֻɷ
һɷ
ʦ߿ҶͻȻֵ񹭴߶ɷָЦĵƣһ컯񽫳ɱ֮䣿
ôл꣬ҲԸҵȣ
ҶһȻ̸ϣԸûκģ
һա졢ߡīׯһû뵽Ҷ澹ȻжϳǶǷǰֲš
ֻ»ܹŵˣĲࡣ
ʦ¶˵ɱҪඣ
ˣҶһĲмҪ;Ͻ
ɫٴһ䣬ա졢ׯǿߡ
ǶǷͬһ㣬ײܶá
ʱ֮£ǰһСãܾͻǳ
ʦܣ侲䶫üȰ
ʦ֣侲Ī嶯ׯȰ
Ȱ£ϢȻ鼤
ʵȻЩﻢˡ
вҶ棬ûвûɣˡ
γ֪ǲ򲻵ѣǲܶ
£ģЩ˵׷ǴûϹ
ҪȻҲ꣬Ҫ̤ϺģҪҶˡ
ҶǴܳϵˣܲڵΡ
һ׳һŹӰλ⣡
ӰУһ޴ûϢʬ˵Уʬ֮ϣвڰ۳ڴʬ
͸ӰʬϢҲ͸˹
λ̫ϿԸӦһͷ컯񽫾壬ΪѾûϢΣȴӦ̫
ǵĵ˳ⲻǱڶ౦嶾նɱ컯񽫳ڵ尽
һ컯񽫳ڵ壬кοҫģ컯񽫣Կնɱ
֮࣬˳һԼʦȻҲǴꡣ
µģƾôеŵ컯񽫣ͨ鱦ɱ֮ɷһ컯񽫿ɱȣʵͬһ㣬նɱԼС壬пܵġ
˾٣Ϊʦϰһ֡
ǣҶȴЦڵˣһѺ֣ȴһĲǰգϹ𣿡ҶЦ
ҶĳЦڵ̫ϺͼλѾϾΪҶνıһˡ
ȵýʬϳ
Ҷɫ첻ȴֻϸϸӣͻȻ䣬سݾ⡭⡭ĪǱ󣿡
شҶͷ
ʲô
󣿡
컯񽫺ڵı󣬾ȻҲˣҶɱˣ
õ𰸣ʦǰڵλҲǾϣȻޱȡ

ǿɷͬһ㡣
컯񽫺ڵʵͲ˵ˣ鱦ɱ֮ǿǿ컯еĴڡ
ؼǣӵĺرӡ
ⱱӡ졢죬಻ɱ֮ȴֱ죬Խɱ֮ڱ֮ڡ
سݾ֮󣬷;Ҷ棬ҶԪ˧ⱱںεأ
⣬ǳؼλ̫ϣͬʱҶ棬ڵȴ𰸣
Ǳ½أǻ˵
Ȼǳ̲ϺϷǰս½أɱˣӦò̫ǿ
ˮǾͲһˡ
ǱǾ͸һˣ
ΪǱڱˮڣʦûնɱŵġ
ģ
ҶЦһָ˱ķ򣬡ȻڱˮޣˣǸС⣬Ҳҵˣ
ɫ⻪ıӡٴθ֣ǰһ¾ͽȌҵĿѪѷڵصСӡ


3007 ȥ
ʬ壬Ҷеıӡüλʦ֡Ҳڵļλ̫ϣһ侲Ҷ档
˾⼸λѾվǿһ˵е̫ϣҲˡ
ֻеΪ˿ӵиǽаʵ֮󣬲Żѵ˵ɶ֣ѹϡ
£ƽȣ
̸еĿܣ
Ҷóʬ屳ԣһ㣬˶϶Ҷ汳Ҷпնɱ컯ǿߵǿ
Ȼֻ컯񽫺ڵΪսǿ˵Ϊİ鱦ɱ֮ƺЩͿ컯
ӡڱˮɱģⱳͷͬһˡ
ա졢ߡīׯλʦֵܴڣںô꣬Ĭġ
ʦַǡʱѵ⣬һͨ뱱ĺµȵȣ֮뱱ӦѺõģСʦׯͳ̨ףε˳̨£ȻҶӲ֮˻Ƥһġ
ҶȻҲ˳¿ˡ
Ҷ֮ôǿӲյĿģΪڽ̸ȡ
Ÿոλʦ֣˵λڵ̫ϣҶͷһ˿ĪĲм
Ӳƺ˵ͨ
ʵҶԸҲ⡣
λʦҲڵλ̫ϣǵ컯壬ҶԻڵһʱˣһַӦ
ϧǣǷͶӰȫǣҶĳЩжϡ
ŵʧ̸Ҳǿʼˡ
ҶԪ˧Ҫ˹ȻˣҪ̸ʲôҶԪ˧ܿڣ֮ǰУɥʧȨԴʱʦַΪ컯֮Ҳֻοڡ
ҿǺˣ
֮ǰҶĹϵǴС󱲡
ڣһ֮ҶĹϵȻֲˡ
λǰȻҪλһ¡λ컯Ҷ̬Сޱȡ
£
ڱ֮ڣȥ
⣬ա졢ߡīׯԼλڵ𣬾Щ𾪡
ҶֶΣЩϬҪ̯ˡ
ʦֶַҲǼҶԪ˧ȥΣΣ
ȥ
ҶȻȥܼ򵥣ڵôģھ͸ôߣڵĵɽţһ
ЩڱյĶʮӣĸԸȥҲܣֻҪԸԸģȫڱ
λ̫էһҶҪĲš
ʮ򱱺ĵȫƾԸܹƽˡ
ṩź³ųɵĵǶܴߡ
ԣλ̫ϣ㶼¶ֹ֮⣬һϣҶסǡ
ʶļλҲ˵ĵӣϾͻһ£Ҷ֮ǰҪԸǵֶΣЩӵĸĸΪҪЮһˡ
˲Ϣ䣬ա졢ߡīׯɫͱˡ
ǻΪҶȡ
û뵽š
һЩԱĵӣʮһ
Ѫȫ׷ˣ
ôΣʦַɫ䣬ٴʵ

ҶЦָŷȌ顢˵Ҫ͵ȸһ
ʲôĽ
Ľ
ա졢ߡīׯʱͳĬˣĬ֮࣬һе㷢ա
ùȌֵԭġ
ΪЩȌĻԪڷչãµӶ಻˵ʵڡ
ľϣҲ֪ģûиԤ
ֻ˭Ҳû뵽Ҷ˾ȻŻˡ
ԣҶ汻֮أôȌ˵ȷġ
û
壬ָ˸еָ߳ܵ
ǵڼԼֱӾĽڶ˱ĳϣ
÷ա졢ߡīׯλ̫ضûУֻĿҶ潫һĴñӿ۵ͷϣ
֮󣬴ʦַղŵҶԪ˧ǰΪӣֻǣչҷиԼҪʲôĽ뽲ɣ
ҪĽҶͻֱӣǰǿʧͻȻһƽģ
ҿ֮ǰ֪ȥأҶʵ
ⲢһشľΪ֮ǰա졢ߡīׯڲ˲뷨
϶ҪģһҪ뷨µġ
ҪȻλҲ
⡭Ȼո˴𰸡
ͺðˡҶЦ


3008 ʵ
Ӽ𣬹ȌȥֵһְȥȌԪһְ
˵ʦīԶһֵ֮⣬Ȍ齫Ҵأ˼޼
īǸȌһ·˼޼мҲǿԳġ
ĿǰǴ֮ڿ֮˲̫࣬ī˵Ĳ̫
ԴˣҶûκ
ʵȌ鱻ڰ꣬ʦīģʱ治ڣī˵㣬ʱҶ˵˳Ҷλδīʦһ˿øС
»䡣
ѾҶˣȴڵصĹȌ飬һ±ơ
ѹû뵽ĳͷȻôݡ
һߣװ
ֱӴȥˡ
ҷĴô𣿡Ȍ黹ɻ
ŷա졢ߵ˽֮󣬹Ȍͳ׾ˡ
˷ɽ˼һġ
Ψһҵģʦûаѻ˵˵سɽŵĻء
ҶĵһֵȌ顣
Ȍ鱳֮٣ö౦սܣ±𣬱ʹ˵Ȍ飬ȻʺٳλԪˡ
Ҷֱ۹ȌڲڸģҶȻιȌˡ
ȻҶֻ˵δãڵļλ̫ϵˡ
ҶԪ˧㱱϶ѳԺ󣬾Ͱ֮ΣȌ飬䵱ƽСʦׯˡ
ҶȻˣڵڶϷ
һǴʦַʦ죬һʦʦī
ҪڻֵλþͿԿ
֮ǰĴسݣǹȌ飬ֱǴʦַʦīĵӡ
Ǽλ̫ϲĹϵҲӰ쵽ӵĹϵҲֳϵ
ʦׯͳƽڶǸˡ
Դʱ˿̣ׯͳˡ

ҶеľƱЦţҡҡͷŷվٱҾһ
Ҷ˾٣ׯü΢壬ڸҶ˵ҶȴʦַվƣʵЩ
λ˵ʵҶС䡢Ԫ˧ͣײУҾ㶼Ҳ˸ı
ǣʼգҶһû
ա졢ߡīׯмλĿ䵽Ҷϣ֪Ҷ˵ģӦǹؼ
ǶҶõģҶһãǶҶ治õģҶԲá
֮Ե±£ԹԹˡ
˵䣬Ҷٴξٱ˴ʦַգĵӣԼ壬֮ʣɰԼɳµӣ֧Ԯұϧ˾һսɹѹء
ݸ壬Ҷĳػ
оƱһתҶֵڸڸڿϵҲࡣ
ԣҶĳ;ӽֻڲұյӣô䣬Ǿڵˡ
һ˴ʦַ֮⣬λʦֵܵɫˡ
Ҫȥպڿ϶ʡ
ԪԪڣҲīʦЩòϷ磬Ҫһɥ
Ҷ滰ոأ߾ͼˣյӣһ㣬ӦҶԪ˧ء
ҵĵڶ
ûκλ͵أһǲͬ⣬Ǿ뿪ˣҶĳǿ󣡡ҶֱӴߵĻǿơ
㣡
ŭȴûҶƵȴٴ𣬡ǱĴ̫ᣬֻ߲ҪۣôԺ壬񲻻Ϊϰߣ
ҶĻ졢ߡīׯǳûƢ޻˵
Ҷ֮ǰռסҪڵϣֱڵǼǼûκλֻ֮ıҶ
Ǹްݺݵĵ˹ȌӵԼҵӼۡ
εȴҪʦˡ
һʦַһãԭʱӦǼᶨ֧ڵģȴվ˻Ԫڱ൱һϵıѣʦջʱʱĵɵһۣ޲óϼӡ
ֱսս
ΨԼ˺ôλͬȴҪܳ⣬ʦַȴһЦҶԪ˧ʵڸһ鷳ѣûиĵĿܣ
ûУ֮⣬ҪǸһӣұ׷֮ұѲ˾ɲǳصģ
ߡ졢ڡׯɫѿ֮ʣʦַȴЦҲãʦʦòõģڵһˣʱ֮󣬵ӻȥ
Ҷߡī˾Ǵ󷭰ۡ
ҶʦַտҺʵ黬úôҪҶ˵ôҶ̫ǿӲ
ߡīׯ˸ֲ̣һˡ
ȥ⵱еŵɾͶȥ
ʡʱ䡢顢ԱȵȲ˵պҪӣȫҪڱϢУھ͸һͷ
ʱҶǿӲҲûκΰ취ֻ¡
ھôŪڲۡ
ʱĶһʦַҲҽôõ̫֡
ҶԪ˧ɻе
Ҷ潫ôһʦׯЩˣѾ˲
ȻУ
°ʦׯŮģҶҲ˻ȥ
ׯЩΣڰ磬ǰʦѾ˿룬ڵǰҶʵΪǡ
ǳ˱񣬸ʦϡ
ͻȻ䣬ׯݸһЦǾҶԪ˧˵ɡ
ϹûһɵģҶ氵ֱֹ֮࣬ӿ˵ΪٸȶķͶǱҲǼࡣ
ΪҪڳǲӵ˧ЧҶ˵
ҶλʦֵܶһӦ֮£ڸڣᾡɳӡ
ҶһΣִׯĻ˵ǾڶһĿ
ǴﲻҲա
ϣûֻúô顣
ա졢ߡīׯ˵鶼
ǲҶҪһĿɲһǰǺ߾ͱˡ
˽̶ȣȥν壬û˼ˣؼÿҶҪ
ڳλ컯񽫣ʮλ컯ˣٵ˧Ȼٳһλ컯λ컯񽫣ʮλ컯ˣһٵǳפΪĳ롭
ĿҪҶԪ˧ڵ̫ƽ̵ˣҶԪ˧ܴܲճôǿһΣֵׯֱӴҶĻ䳰ȷ
ҶȴҲգЦʵĿׯյˣǲ֪λܹɶҶЧ
ׯ˵ʲôȴʦַһ۵˻ȥʦãмˣ
мƣ
˷ʨӴ󿪿ڣ̽ʵأ
ׯȻ߷ߣҶЦӯӯ


3009 ʦͽ
ĿǰڣжһֱҶ֪⣬ҲҶǳĵ⡣
ϧǣ⣬ӦڵĻܣԣҶֻܽ̽
ϣӰʦׯλʦֵķӦϿ컯εǿߣڸڳĿǰλ̫֮⣬Ĳࡣ
ڿܻҶδֵ컯ĿޣǸڶС
컯񽫣Ҳ̫ࡣ
Ҷһοһλ컯񽫵ĿȻﵽڸڵļĿֻ߻ˡ
Ҷжϣڸڵ컯񽫣Ҹ컯˾Ͳжˡ
֮ǰڱֳʵسһ˶ʮ컯սֱ֧Ԯ
ǣԿ϶ǣسݿ϶ܵе컯ˣӦֻܵһ֣һ϶ֻ̫Ҳʦַղܵ
ߵĿƱһһǶһ
ôӵе컯Ŀʮ˵ڰ֮䡣
˻Ԫʵǿ컯һ⣬Ӧöࡣ
ˣҶһжϡ
ж£Ҷλʦּۻۣȷһ˫Ŀ
ڸλ컯񽫣ʮλ컯ˣеҶЧǵУǱˣͿҶˡ
һһʮλ컯񽫡һλ컯ˣֻڵкͱԸħˮ壬ɳȥУΪҶ湥ӵء
ԭҶȻȻһڴӦˡ
ҶⲦǿ߳ȥսǿߣ»б¶֮ݣԲдҪ
ҶӦˬ죬ա졢ߡīׯλͬһ̸
ҶԪ˧Ӧû˰ɣСʦׯЦ
˭˵ûУУҶĻׯЦ˲ϢȥҶôߡ
һһǾǼڣҶ棬ҪԱݣڣԱұһҡ
˵ׯˣסˣա졢ߡīسݵ˶סˡ
˭û뵽Ҷ澹Ȼ
Ȼ֮һȴͷϲ
Ҷڣ̫شˣڵԣֱǿԽʽġ
һͨսԡս޵ͳ˧ڣⱾŷͬѰ塣
οҶݼڣŴӽ󣬱ڽһġ
ĿǰҶõ˱ӡ£͸һˡ
֮ǰ˭û£˶ձӡҶ棬ĳ̶ֳѾϳɵ
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ƱӡҶ治ҪֻҪһͷ޾ĺХܹɵڵĸͲƸ֮ء
ȻڻĴ֮ء
ɵˣҪٴλָͲʮ飬ǧˡ
ҲΪ˭ἰԭ֮ǰŲ
ʱҶڣǾֲһˡ
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ֻݺΪʦյĿԼ졢ߡīׯɨҲЩԥˡ
ڣҶһڣһڶӭٷչԻ֮ܵϡ
ҶڣǺ£Ǿһڣȴ鷳ǳ鷳
ҶԼ֪Լ£Ϊʦ½ĵھλ״ӣһڣ
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ǾԲܵġ
ҶԼȴǲ
Ҷ뿴ڲأ
ȻҶϣʦַô˵㣬ڲսʱͷֻˡ
ҶԪ˧޵ͳ˧ɽôƣҶԪ˧ɽ¡ʦһڡ
ո˵꣬ӭʦīıҶǴܱ֮컯񽫵սպΪǰ;ǲΪʦ
īЦֱ÷ա졢ߡׯӿϲ˹
ǰҶĿǰݺ֮ǰֳǿƣô֮еһΪʦأ
ʦɲ˵˵ġ
ң˭ҶΪʦԻִݡ
ʦīԾΪ֮ǰҶǾԲΪʦģֱӵ˴£ôһﶼûҶΪͽϣ
ǺãʦЩ
λʦԪɲǴġ
һ飬˴÷ʦͽ
ǵʦͽҶԸ⣬ʦͽ֮Ҷ潫ǵСʦܡ
ҶǺġ
λʦִʦͽҲҶ롣
λ벻취ҶҲ뷨뵽취
ȻĿǰʦ½ĵھλ״ӵݲܱ¶ôҶͻһַʽڣͼ֮
ʦͽա졢ߡīׯ˷ǳ⡣
Ȼˣôʦ֮λҵȴʦҶΪСʦ֮뱱һˡ

ҶͻȻ˴ʦַЦӯӯĿ⿴ɲǣҶͻʵʼλʦ֣֮Сʦܣˡ
ƺְ˾
ƺְ˾
ա졢ߡīׯ˾ȻڴӦʦͽ֮ǰ˭û⡣


3010 
λʦʦȻԶԡʱҶͻȻ֣ڵλʦ֣ǿǿӣͷҲѣһ棬ȴ˰ġ
ûҶ潫ΪΣ
׳Ҷıͼı˵ʵҶڣǵСʦܴ鱾϶һν׶ѡ
λʦʦ㣬ᾹȻֻǴʦͽûǹҶ֮ΰҶ棡
Ҷŷһ޴ѵ
Ҷ֮еһһڣԲܡ
˵κһˣԸҶڡ
Ҷһڣڲϴƣüһһڶ
ң˭ҲỶӭҶǸԵ
ԭҲܼ򵥣Ҷǿƣһڣ϶ҪʵȨģһǵĶԱڵƿ
Ǵʦͽ֮Ҷڷͥ壬˵ὫһһΪ
£ա졢ߡīׯЩ֪ˣ֪ΰҶ档
˽괫ãҲû
˭ԸڽҶ֮׳˭ֶԸǿޱȵҶȨ
ԣû취Ҷ档
ǻ˵ˣҶݵλʵʦͽ֮Ҷ֮󣬸ҶһҶڵĸӰͺô붼Ĳܡ
£˶Щˣ¶ý
Ҳǰ׻ģʦַЦЦͿҶ棬Ҷʦܣ֪ʲôְ˾
ֻߣҶʦڼ֮ʲôأ
תһȦʦֵֽ׸Ҷ档
ҶȻ£뷨ġ
Ȼʦͽʽû㣬ʦƺȻĽˡ
⣬˭Ҳ޷ܾҶ֮µһƱӡα֮ľ޴ô
ʱ򣬶ʦ࿪ˣҶʦ¿һڣҲǲԣǶ֧֡
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¿һڣ
Ҷҡҡͷллʦֵĺ⣬û뷨¿һڣǧͷѹûôʱ
Ҫǣﲢûп¿һڡ
ߣҪ¿һڣҪˣ
Ҷ⻰÷ա졢ߡīׯȰЦ
ʵǶԣʲôڣνţҶ޷ڵģǰ
¿һڣҶʦְܵ˾ʦׯʵ
ҶЦЦ˹˹֣λʦ֡ʦ㣬ڲӹǺ
ԣ˲ϢһʱʶҶ澹ȻǳһȨȥġ
һ֮࣬Ҷθ
ȻֱӲڵĵӹȥġ
룬ʦַջʵشĿǰڵ
ڸڲִʹһ¹ϽִӰڵ֮£ϱá
ջأδڵʦī͵ִʹһ£Ѿת꣬ڴ׳ڣִʹӹû
īǿҶȾִָһ£ıڲִʹƶǷǳõģӵĸҶ棬ôõִʹǲıģͱˡ
ľܾҶȾִָȨĿܡ
Ҷ浹ǲ΢΢һЦżʵô˵ڸھִʹӷֶ֮ôʦһ²뼸λʦʦ𡣡
ʦʣ
ڷֶ֮û⣬ôڵ֮ءڵĵӺԪڵĵ˽ֻ߷ʱɽڵĵӲͷӵĺأδã
Ҫ˵ûУʮӣưһֻᶣһ֮䣬϶Ƶĳͻҿ϶٣
ʼλʦʦ㣬£ڲδõģ
˽ɫ
ΪҶĻʵ˵ϡ
֮ĳͻһֱڲԴȪ
˵֮ڶϵҲżĹϵ
УƶȽ漰ڵӣǸڲִӿԽ£ϱֵ
˽˽αֵ֤һƽأ˲ֵĴأֵòȥأ
īҶʵһͣǿãŵùĵӣӦÿƽ
ֵòˣֻвߣڹ飬Ǳϸλʦֵܣ鴦á
ֵ˴أδã
īٴһͣʦֵЭͬãвߣϸ浽
λʦͨڵĵܹϵϵ𣿱˵ͨĵӣڵĵҲ޷λʦʦɣ
īĬȻȻԶԣûشˡ
ΪҶѾ㵽ϣ⿰ڵѨ
ֵûƫ̻ѹܣ
˷ʥͣ飡
ˣ裡
ʱȻƫġ
νϱλλ̫ϴá
£ҲǺϡࡣ
ϵ˭ҲԸԼҵӳԿ۰죬ֻܺϡˡ
Ҳʹˡ
ʵϣǷա졢ߡīׯˣλʶһ㡣
ʶʶֻάԼҵӵ棬ͳһѭ˭Ҳ޷
Ҷȴǳôʱʶԡ
ʦҿұһұһһҪģͷҪͷҪ
ͷôӱȻ£ڶѣű˵ǷչʵҲڶС
ʦΪڵǰҪĵһ£ͷҪ
ôҶʦܵ˼Ҷʦͷһ£ͷܹඣ
˭ܱ֤ҶʦִͷʱܹƫУʦ߷ʵ
Ҷһ֣ȴǳ޵ʦʦִͷҲ֤ƫС
˿ڣҶȴֵʦִͷȣ֮ʦҾͿִͷŷִ޷¹ȴŷȶӸ˸飬ƫġ
ա졢ׯ˼֮ǰҶīҲ˳˼
ȶִͷҶ˵ģƺе
ʦܣŷȣɳԺ֣֮ׯʳһǳؼ⡣
ŷȣȻҪʦʦʦ֣֮λʦʦ㹲ͬ鶨û֮ʦִУ


3011 ĺ͢ı
ա졢ߡīׯ˲ûеӦҶҪ󣬶ǳҪȥ顣
Ͼãȴǹ˵ġ
֮ڽֶһڵȨִէһͳڵӣп֮ϡ
ҵǣҶ˵Ҫȣλʦ鶨
Ҫǰᣬ˾͵ܾˡ
˭ҲԸԸͷͻȻһү
ҶǣҪڵ̱ޣô飬ܳ˭ܳ˭λ̫϶ƹ
˵Ҷ飬ȴʮĶ
Ҷ飬ɽڲĿǰ⡪ڸڶݡ
һ˷ûĴ⡣
ûа취ûһλʦֵܶԸܵĽ
Ȩ䣬ֲλʦֵȨһ˶
ȥڿܻѳţһ塣
Ȼϲ㣬۹⻹еġ
ԣصؾ֮󣬷ա졢ߡīׯٴξʹչǹۿƼң
Ҷڣʦͽû⣬跨ãԽĿǰչĻҲû⡣
ؼҶ跨£īߵǿҷԡ
Ҳܼ򵥣Ҷ˽أ
ʵ˵˾Ҷƫһµĵӡ
˼ԣһ˽֣
ȴǴʦַֽӸīˣǳһηĺѡ
ֻһĿǰڲǵķ
֮ǰֱ֧ڵӲԼԪڸɳ컯ֹڣĳ̶ֳ϶ԣ˵ڲѾﵽһҵĳ̶ȡ
һΣѣһԵأ
ǲɸ£
Ļ˵ǸţڱҲԶˡ
ȱīҲ޷ر⡣
Ҷݻƺǳηĺѡ
Ψһ鷳īҶƫˡɽڡ
󣬻ǰʦׯƽ⣬Ҳյľ
ҶҪķãִʱȡ
ڷȣسڷա졢ߡīׯ֮֡
޸ģȫͨС
Ǵɽⷨȶϸһ㣬ôִķãƫչĳһĿԣҲǷǳС
ȻٲøҶһЩ
Ҷֻȹһ̶֮µĵӡ
ҪЩ컯ˣȹؼĵӣҪϱִͬС
֮£ִ£λʦּҶ棬ɸƼһΪִ¡
ִµ⣬ͨ˵ͬ⡣
ҶһҪֶΡ
⵱ϸڣŲࡣ
֮ڣڱҶ棬յһǳҪ鱨
ĺ͢жˡ
ʥƺʥҶıˮͳ˸ˮ;ַ׷ˮͬʱɨˮ򣬹ռ;ˮ£ˮ׳ѷ
գȻ⸴֮ǰıˮ֮⣬ʥƺʥȻԹռӴˮ
ͷ磬ռǧɽȫ
ǣĺ͢ķҲڴʱȻ֡
һλǿ߼ͻأĳ֣ƣҶıˮͳ統Ϊɻҡ
һͬɷɵģǧˮ徫
һ·ˮƴ
ʧ磬֮ǰ£ˮЩûūۿƵˮ壬ɢ
֮ǰռ֮أȻûʧݣѾʧ״̬
ûãλǿֳƺʥˮǰ沿Ǽ򵥵ļÿһȴлָ֮ıˮڡ
ƺʥµˮƺʥһл˷ɻҡ
յţˮе̽ӷ鱨ʱҶ漸
ָʼˣ
ƺʥûˣ
Ҷյµ鱨ƺʥƽϢһ
ɺ²ѡ
λǿߵĹУɷɻҵģƺʥľѪ
ǰΪʥˮµͨ½ϹŲ󣬱̽ԭҶ澯費ѡ
Ϊһͬ½ĵİģĿǰһ⣬
Ҳ˺Ͱͬ뷨أ
ҶĲѡ
ȥ˺Ͱͬ뷨˶ʥˮص׵ϹŲôҲŲܿ
ͼıϹŲŲֻܴҶ桢ηɰסʥƺʥ취ˡ
Ҷ浹û£ǲ
ʦηɰӼҲһҵôˮľʥƺʥͳҲҵһ
ľʥƺʥÿ˵Ҷĺü鱦ڴУ˲ٱˮӡ׳ˮӡ
˵ʥƺʥˮӡѾ֮ǰκһλµӡǿˡ
£ʥƺʥȻΪڵȴӵ컯սڱ֮ʱ컯кڵˮ壬һս֮
Ҷȴǿ컯˺컯񽫵ͻϮǿͨ½ϹŲŲ
Ծǰһ£ҪСģҪı¶ԼԼ
ƺʥҲΪҶѶһƽϢУҶǸлѡ
ҲǺ²ѡ
ҶѣԾѪǰںĻɾͳ׵Ļɷɻˡ
ûãƺʥʾľʥҲоǿߺȻ֣Ϯɱˮǰ棬ʾʧһѪǧ
ôˮҲ޷סһλȫֱǿߡ
󣬾ʥһ׼ȷޱȵϢĺֵ͢ģһλ컯壡
ҶȻһ˲Ϣʶĺ͢ıˡ
ĺ͢ѣһ컯塣
ǽӵʥ׼ȷ鱨ĵһʱ䣬ʶһҶ棬ĺëը
Ҷٶȫϣȫɢͬʱó꿤ǵָսĹڣԾѪʾˣ
Ҷ°
ĺ͢ĿΪĳ㣬ҶҲüͷʹ
նսҶóġ
ǱʩչҶϣҶҲ֡
һ컯壬ķͬһ㡣
ҶȻҡλ䣬ٿ޼˾䣬ȫʱ̴
ĺ͢λ컯壬ҪҶµʵʩԵնжֻҪڱ֮ڣôҶͻ᲻ϧһдֹۣش
Ҷһȣ졣
ûеλ컯ٴα鱨ȴڵϢ


3012 λʦʦ
õĺˣ
λ̫Ϸա졢ߡīׯ˷ױţҶǰڵأɰʦ
˵ʵҶûһ̣ޱȵڴɺ
̫ˣ
ĺֻ͢ǳһλ컯壬Ҷޱȵı֮Уֻܾȫս
ֵڲϵĸоܲܡ
컯񽫼룬ξͲһˡ
λڵ컯񽫣޷սʤ컯壬ǶԿһܹġ
ԣҶʱǼдɺȻڳŵһʮλ컯չµȣԽȼü֮
ڵϢʱҶ浹ˡ
ǲǲܼ
νʾ֮ܶܣҶУҲܽҪⳡܾͻ
ԣҶڱн䱸գﵽյԼļʱǰŰǰĿǰɽڵءƽɽ
Ҷ氲ĵǣĺ͢ıͻȻ͸Ȼֹˡ
ϮҶˮĶҶˮͷ֮λ컯壬ʧˡ
ûڱˮֹҲûҶıڳֹ
ҶЩ㲻ĺ͢Ķˡ
ֹͣˣ
ֻߣĺ͢Ҷܴڵʵڵλ컯
ϸһ룬ܡ
֮ˮڱɱĺ͢𾪣ĺ͢²ˡ
һε컯ͻȻ֣һ̽һ־棬һźš
һҶŸѵʶźšҶ漱ԼøǿαװԻֶΣ޷õġ
䱸СĵͬʱҶֱƽɽš
һ½ţҶʦģӭҶģֻسݵˡ
ɽŵʱҶͻȻͿʼһ⡣
һεİʦͽڵûгأ
Ȼûг⣬ҶǷǳжϵġ
ͿһʦҶʦʦҲŵƽ½أ
ûãҶͼڵĳ⡣
ʦͽʽ˲ֻ࣬ˣʽȴ¡ء
ա졢ߡīׯ˼ׯصһ
ɷ·ǣ³볤ƮƮģ̫УҶһ۾ϳˣǰˣӦþʦ½ģ
ڵļλʦ֣ϻЩģڴʦͽûкŪҶ棬Ҷͷһɡ
λʦֲûڴʦͽϺŪҶ棬ƭҶ棬ʹҪҶá
ȻҶҲףҶĺǽҶ汾ļֵ֮ϡ
Ҷ治֪ǣʦ½񣬻ŪҶϣʦַʦߡʦī˲˼ҵִ
ΪӦôԳϣī߾ĺŪһͺá
ջǴʦַռ֣ΪҶһڣܿδڵҶͿܰһ
ǴʱŪҶ棬ԺͿпǼ
ԣʦ½
ʦ½Ļ񣬵ȴûʦ½ͽǻ
ʦ½뵱£Ҳ˲ٻ
ʱʦַյ˰ģȴʦ½ùһȽƧĻ֪
Ǵʦַյ˳ڱܵԭ򣬲ŪҶ£ֱ·ŵܡ
Ҷȴʲôܡ
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪԪ鰢󣬶ޱȡ
һʽҶĳһ·ŵĵӣǵʵӦǵھλ״ӡ
ǻĿǰųԱϿɡ
պҶͷˡ
¶ա졢ߡīׯҶ滥ֻ֮ع鵽˺
޶Ź棬½ķõְ𡢼ܹȵȡ
ЩҶȫǰǵ˼ֻҪҶͿԡ
λʦʦ㣬ƫһ磬Զ볾Ѿȴĵն
ΪֻҪͿԽҶķÿǼܿҶȨ
ǣмܿձж
ҶֶΣ÷Ȩڣڲ֪䣬ǱĬĸıڣֻʱ⡣
ҲҶڲҪ鷨õԭ
Ҫ븴ţĿǰڣҪĸ
ˣҶΪڻŵһԱҶĵһ£ȴף֮ϵλʦʦһ⣬˵Ȼ⡣
Ҷλʦʦ㣬ͻƵ컯֮м֣Ӹ֣֮


3013 
Ҷ÷ա졢ߡīׯ˾㶼ǳ⡣
ոմʦͽ֮ͬ꣬ҶͿʼϵ飬治Լˡ
ҶϿҵ̬ȣҲһҶıϵĺûᡣ
ʦߵһڣҶʦΪոͻƵûðɣˡʦֱԣͻ컯һˮɣǼٳɣ»ᷴ亦
лʦѡҶһ飬ֻδѣ׼
Ŀǰ֮ΪԽԽޣҪΪҪͻƵ컯иأҶ˵
ԣʦ߷һ̾ȷʵԽԽˣǰʼ컯һѾԽԽˣ£磬Ҫˣ
Ҷо˸ҪңĻ᣿
ҶĻ÷ա졢ߡīׯ˾һҶ⻰˵ģǶУҪһ
ǶУֱֵֹĸо˽һܱĸо
ֻңڲ߳ͽ鼰ģǱ鼰磡
Ҷ油ϵһ䣬ա졢ߡīׯ˽һԭҶ˵ڰ
ʦ˵ǣʦٴοڣȻʦͻƣҵʦֵģضȫʦܵɻ
Ͼʦ㹻ǿڲŸš
ʦΪ˶޷ͻƣԡ
ʦ˵ǣÿһ˶Իشʦһϵɻÿ˵ͻƾʦͻƣʦׯͻȻ廰˼ʾõʦߵĻ
һ£˰ʦׯȴׯһ˻Цһ¾͵ֻҪʦҪʦͻ컯Եϡ
Ҷ治ɵóӦʲô
ǿԼӿͻ컯طֻʲô
¶ȴʦׯֹˡ
ӦλȻʦͽҲֻʱԵĽҶ浽жѣţǷǳѵġ
ô߸ոҪ˵飬϶뵱йϵ
ˣҶڴлλʦʦˡƲ˵ƣЩ飬ֻͼ֮
󣬷ա졢ߡīׯҶͻƵ컯⡣
ʵͻƵ컯ʦ½µУеġ
ǣʦ½µֻһЩǻɬҶ濴ˣҶҲûκξ飬޷ᡣ
ԽҶڴʱŸոµλʦʦʣԽһȼü֮
ͻƵ컯ҶĿǰҪ顣
λʦʦ˵ͻƵ컯ַһǿͻƣһ־ǿ֮ͻơ
ͻƵ컯зУ벻롣
Уͻ֤ҲٳɵһַҲųɾŵ컯ǿõձͻƷ
ǾԸ
Ը̤֮컯ɾ컯ˡ
һַĴˡ
е컯ԸͻƵġ
һ׶ˣһԸͻ컯ɵԴУԸо塣
컯˵ԴеԼģԲͣĲ׳󣬵ΨԸ
ԴΪͻƵ컯޷Լ׳ģֻܼע룬άԴ
һԴڵԸûвľôλ컯˾ͻһĳ˯
ٴһԸע룬ٴθա
ճҪģһԸͻƵ컯˾ôҪͻƵ컯񽫣ͻƵ컯ҪƺԸܹͻơ
ûкԸ޷ͻƵġ
Ǹı׶ˣŻɥĲĽĴңʵΪ˻øԸ
Ϊ£ͨͨ컯ˣҪƺԸ
Ȼ֮¾ųɾŵ߰߶ѡԸͻƣΪֱۣпŵĳЧ
ֻҪ㻨ѲƵĴŪһԸϾ;ųɾžͿͻƵ컯Ϊ컯ˡ
Ȼռ㹻ԸҲǳѡ
ּϣͻƵ컯ķȣѶȼֱ֮
˵ֻҪ㹻ԸôΪͿԺ谭һ·ͻȥ컯ˣ컯񽫣컯컯
֮£ͻƣҲ֤ѶȾʹ˳ǧ򱶣ؼ䣬ܹ֤
ǣ֤֤ȴһʵ


3014 Σ
Ҷ뿪ʱѾȷԼδķ
ƿأ
֮£Ҷϲƿأ
ڼλʦֵľУͻƵ컯ʵ߶طĸһöѡ
Щ˵һĲֵ
ǿ߸Ӧطǽƣڲط£ԼطĹ֮ڣӳܣ
ٸ򵥵ӡ
磡
ؼиָķ磬ķ򣬱Ϸ硣
һϷУŸָ
ǿ߸Ӧط򣬾Ϳ׵ĸ֪Ȼ÷򣬽ԼٶȺܷͨӵ
ǿĵʱ֪Ϸ֮иޓ仯Ϊ֮á
ȻֻǳԵ˵ʵϾ嵽ʵսӦõУĸӣ
ǵ
һͻƵ컯ǿߣѾǽˣǿˣ
Ϊƣ
Ǳ䣡
ֱ׵˵εϷ磬ҿʩչɶ磬ڵкģ
컯
Ҳ˵컯ǿ컯ǿߣҪƣҲҪһĴۡ
ǣͻƷʽˡ
ͻ֤֤ͻ֤ˡ
컯ͻƣ֮ʦ½Ĵԣͻ컯ǻ֤
ǻ־Ͽɣ˿Թͨ־С
ҲΪˣ컯ǿ֮Ѫꡣ
Ҷġ
ʦַǵĵܹʦ½Ľָ̻㣬Ҷ˵ȴǸӵǳԺ⡣
־ⷽĴ½ߵξ֮ǰޣǷܶ
Ǵͽ飬ݿһһȺ߻Ϊͼ٣ΪһһѪսΪмԱ٣ٵ߼
գܹ־Ĵ½ξĿϿɣΪλξسҲ컯ԷȨҲǶ
ͻƷʽ𣬾ˡ
֤Ĺ٣Ȩ϶µģҪ־ξҪλξɣܶá
ʶ֤컯ǿߣһֽң۶öٴΣÿζõ־λξǱ˵ġ
˵ãҲ޷ӳܵġ
ʱ򣬾ˡ
ͻ֤ͲһˣеǾЩԳϵͽͳ˧ڵıҶԸȨ¶ϵġ
Ҷ򺣾ʵôĿǰ¾񲻵òҶ棬Ҷӳķš
ΪҲһͻ֤컯ǿߣÿζõʵԼĴ½Ϊ־ξֻһѡ
ҶҪȥĳĳĳȸص¾һ£Ҫȥ˭ţ㼧񿴵˲ͬ⣿
ûõģͬҲҪ㲻ͬҲҪֻǸһ
ͻ֤컯ǿ߾ԳϵҶõԼҶĳطֻǸһͬⲻͬ⣬Ҷᶯõģ㲻ͬҲûá
ңؼǣҶõԼһسȫ
ͻ֤ͻ֤֮
ʦַս֮Ϊƿأ
ͻ֤ǽ־֮־ܹ֮ӳܣȫͿǿˡ
ƿȻԼµָʹӳӳ
һ֮£ͿԱȫ
λʦֵ˵֮սʮΪԽߣͻƷʽĲͬ޳ɵսܲԽ
ͬΪ컯ڵߣ֤߿ش֤컯ڵߣпնɱ
ϣ컯ڵߣ֤ɵնɱ֤컯ڵߣԽնɱ컯񽫺ڵĴڣҲǺףŶԿ컯
ϣʦַյ˾û˵ˡ
ĿǰҶλʦʦ㣬ֻǸոսǽǳҲҶڣҪȻЩƼ򵥣ʵɴ֮صĶǲҶ˵ġ
ȻͻƷʽ֮ս֮ž޴Ĳ࣬ͬģͻƵѶȣҲž޴Ĳࡣ
ʦַԣͻƵѶȣܲʮ
ԽϣͻƷʽ֮ܲԽ󣬵ͻѶҲԽ
Ϊͻƣ֤ͻƻʣҲԽԽã
ָ֤
Ҷ浱ʱʹʦַյˣѡǺͻƷʽ
ʦַյЦûлشҶ档
ҶȻ֪ˡ
νС
ʦ½Ĵа
ʦ½ĴУͻ컯ķʽϣ֤Ȼ֤֤
֤Ҳһµ֤ʽһ߼еͻƷʽ
֮
ʽͱȽˡ
͵ģˡ
֤ĵ͡
ȻΪԸĴѪ
ҲΪԭӵԶͬߵս
֤ķʽɲ˭õģ֤רá
˵ʵĿǰԣҶ·ѡ
֤ҶдԸڶʱھͻƵ컯ͻƵ컯֮ٴͻƣҶΪͻͽ
֤·ѣ
ʦַ˵ѡ֤УһԼŵžӢ
ǣһžӢ֤ĵһؿڡͻƵ컯ؿϣһ
Ѷȶ֪
һ컯񽫾ĹؿڣЩžӢͻƻʸһ
ЩžӢӱʮ˲ܳһ֤·ЩžӢһ
Ҫǣͻƺʱվãţͻƻаװ׺ľԪ
֤ߵ⣬ʵʱ䡢Դʡ۵ȵȡ
ǣҶԣһʱ䣬ҶԾͲ⡣
ҶģҪ֤
ڽҶϲƿأ
Ȼ֤ɹҶʱԽͻơ
ҶеԸһֱġ
Ը£Ҷģʱȥһɳˡ
һ⼸ҶԸÿյջȻˣбҪܹȥǿһ¡
ߣǰҶΪɳҶ޷ڣȴһˡ
ɳҶһϲ
תҶһ£ǰڷõ
ڵķãҶδĶڡŵķǳҪһ滮Էǳӡ
ҶƱزĸʱϣԣҶڷĵӣһţΪ׵һѲ˾ţΪڵӣŽ˷á
ҶڵӰҲλʦֵı⣬Ҷ˾ǲԡ
ҪȵڷյѾˣҲˣţҶµķִ£
ţͳҶѲ˾ڷ̽û⣬ִڷãûκġ
ţԸᣬʺнȼλʦ־ѵʱ򣬷ѾɳΪȻˡ
ȻҲٲҶϲ֧֡
λʦλõִʹ߲ɳӣҶȨ
һ㣬Ҷ˿ġ
λʦֵĵӣҲһ½
ţûУ
˷ģ¶ҪǸ㲻鶹ײˣ
ţǸʲôģ
֮ţΪֶնӵĴѲ˾ڻģûôµĵӶ㲻ҶͶͿɱˡ
ţ뿪Ҷİ
İҽҪһΣյ񡣡
İû⣬ӵĸΣգҶĻȴ÷İɫҪ͡ȫϲпܳɹ


3015 
Ҷû뵽óģȻɽڡ
ҲǴʦַʦµĵӡ
ҶһֱΪģӦǻԪڡ
Ͼ벻𣬶УԪ޻ϵ
ûҶҪ˰
ǰҶҲˮƽǳνҵרҶЩѾˣ˲˵һϵҲˡ
ҶõõƷȻйΣĵرƳ񹭣ɲϸ񣬴ﲻӦеܡ
ڴ֮ǰҶھְ߳æ񹭡
ϾҶҪƵ񹭣ɲһţٶţ
⻹ֻһ
ôҶһˣǲɵġ
ֻҶ֮ǰ뷨УģǻԪڵĵӣҶԪȌ鲻ԸҲûãһֱûڡ
ŹȌ鱻ãҶ汻λʦִʦͽִ˷֮Ҷ׼ӲƤˡ
輸Ԫڵһãô˵ùȥ
ֻҶһڲ֪ھһĵӣȻǳɽ¡
ȴҶʦˣԪɱ֮ϵһȴ޷
ɽڣɱ֮ܲԣƣԵʦ⴫ǿ
ԣӷǼ޻ϵǰ컹Ҷ澴ΪϵҶ棬ʱĿڳҶΪʦ壬ҲûʲôΥ͸УҲûʲôΣ
֮Уݴ졣
ϰʮ߳ʮΪʦʦ岢ټ
ϢҶȻǴϲ
ǺƤȥԪˣƻԪڵʦī϶ᰲż˸ҶɽھͲһˡ
Ҫ֮ǿʦ
û⡣֮ǿߣʦ⣬Ҫһ컯ɣҲĿǰɵʦЧ컯֮һֱӷԸͺáس˵
һҪ֡Ҷҡҡͷ
ʦҪֻҪʦҪһṩæڡ
Ϊ֮ǰδԼһ£ɽҲʦݺݵѵһ٣㶼ҪˣԴ˿̷Ǻ޲Ҷ޸ϵ
ҪƵĶĿ٣ʱֲ̫ãҪ࣬ƷֲܲҶЩΪѡ
ʦҪƵĶʲôĵرƷǺεȳ̶ȣƵǺֵȼıسʵ
񹭣컯񽫵ĽĤףȫҪƳʩչɱ֮
Ԥ֮󣬽ǼƷ鱦̶ֻǿƷ鱦ܵɱ֮Ҷֱ˵˵
سԵһ񹭣Ʒ鱦ܵɱ֮˶һ֮ʦ壬ʦһаˣλ컯񽫣λ컯ˡ
ֻܸˣλ컯λ컯ˡ
ʦ壬ɽʦҪһ㣬ֻˣλ컯񽫣λ컯ˣֻܸλ컯λ컯ˣһˣ˵
һʮˣʲôʱܹλҶЩϲ
쵽λ
ãǾٰţģ˲ǣʱٲǵĺô
ʦ£Ƿģ
سĶǷǳģ칦򲻵컯ɾʹλ컯λ컯ˣҶˡ
Ҷ澪ϲ֮࣬ҲЩȻ
Щ˵У󲿷ʵɵ컯컯ˣֻв֮һʱġ
ܿģҶͽǷֱʮȻǳɶѵĲϷǡ
ҶһηĲϣȫȡԱϵĲϡ
֮£컯񽫺ڵȻҪȰ컯񽫳ڵǿĶࡣ
ҪϾǱ׵ǡצĤдۣ
ҪǵƵģȻˡ
Աļ׵ΪΪңϣβۣɹɷ
Ҷóģشط
ֻҪطƼӳ߳һʮְ󷨡ɷڵ󷨣Ƴ񹭣ǳĸӡ
ҶǰٴΣûһγɹ
һõ񹭵طΪ׵컯üë
ʦ壬Ҫһ£ܻٵݲϣ˵
ɾͨȻҶ˿ø컯񽫺ڵıļֵÿһӳȥںĴ½ȷѪꡣ
޷㾡֡Ҷܴ
Լһʱ֮лⱬһݲϣü˼ͬͬһᣬŶڶΡ
һĴεʧܡ
ÿһεʧܵļȴԽԽĴʧʱѵ񹭣ȻӽƷˡ
Ҳһεʧܣг񣬿ʼٴθͬŽƾ飬չʾ˼ǳַ
Ҷ沢ûлرܣ󷽷Ĺۿ˵˳⼸ַ
ֻǴһ£ҶϸĽ⼸ַ
ҶıݰʦҲû⽻ûоܾҶء
Ҷ֮ǰеɻȻʣҶģٴγˡ
ʮλڵʦͬʱʼ񹭣ҶȴͻȻ䷢֣ãã


3016 ͬ
Ҷ²ûпõ
У١
Ҷʶź£Ҷ¿õ֣һֱӡ
ȴһε
µһֱӣ֮ĺܶ࣬ȴûмܹԽҶĸ߶ȣҶһЩҶ顣
Ҷµ˲ţֻڸҶֵ񣬶Ҷźͽ⡣
ҶҶźͽ˲ţָ
һˮlҶҪĵҩͨĻģˮlܽ
Ȼ߱츳ͨĴ͡缫͸鱨ѼͰţİȼˡ
ʣµУһص㣬Ҷ޷⣬Ҳ޷
һ񹭣һ⡣
ҶԼˮƽЩͲҲһЩ˲ţɲá
Ҷо񹭣óĽǵˮƽҶ棬ֻһЩ޲ʽװĹ
ԣ񹭣ҶµսٴһһֱǸ⡣
֮ǰҶ棬һǲϣһ
񹭶ƲҪĸߣնɱ컯񽫾壬Ҷģȱʦ
Ҷһ뵽æ
û뵽Ҷһַʽڣͱ÷ǳס
ĸĹҶŵ֪
ҶǰĸУֻؽŵһשѡ
ãľʹȥ
ڣҶȴ֣ȴؽŵĻ
ˣҶڽʶоԴĴŵӰ
һˣپžޣ츳ʱ;޵ġ
㲻㵽
ȴǽ˲ͳɵ˸֮ϣ˾ޡ
һҪٻؼãһˮƽ
Ҷһ
ҶաҶ෽Ĵ⣬ڣֻƤһɽˡ
ҶģڵĶλպڵƿԼֵܳͽϴȵȣҪٴıˡ
֮˳Ҷ棬һɷĺɫ޹
˻δǺɫ޹ɢɱҶһݡ
ˣҶϲ
ʦ壬Ҳǳˣһ򣡡
ô˵
ʦ壬ҵ֮Ѿɣ񹭾Ѿˣȷʵɱ֮еƷ
ʦҵɱ֮ķʵЩֲڵġ
ڴµ֮ɱ֮þһ
һ֮Ҳһ̶ȵ˵
һ̶ȵҶһЦһɵߣȥԹ
Ҷͳ󷽵䳡һֵͬĳ⣬սҡ
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ΪƵ񹭣Σ
õĴˣ
ҴΪ˷֮£Ű򿪹
֮ǰһֱԸ۳񹭣ǳףһõľ֮ǰһġ
һɲǣҾһ
ֻһ룬͵ضסȻٴμӹѾʧ˲Ϣµı֮⡣
ˣЩΡ
ҶЦŻ˻֣޷ԣ
һΣȴضԴɷת˫һоƵ˲ϢͿ¡
װ˲ϢʧԶ
ʮ֮Ż˻һ㷢ı۰ϲˣ⹭̫ǿˣٱ֮ǰõ鹭ǿɣܹҵȿɱܻ꣬ɡ
ˣҸоҳִ˹һͿɱһλ컯˺ڵǿߣһͿ컯ˣ
ȫ֮£вκβε컯񽫣
⻰ЩԾˡ
컯ΣÿһΪ֮䣬ž޴ࡣ
ԽСɱУѾǿˡ
Խ󾳽磬ͷǳǳĺġ
ҾȻ˵һͿ˳컯񽫡
ƫƫּ˼컯񽫣֪ûдţʱҵ˵ΪûͻƵ컯
ɻ֪Ҷֵε䣬ĸ
ҶҲΪ˷ܣô˵ʹ˺նɱκΪ컯񽫵ʵ
ʵӦв컯ʵ
ʦֶ˵һܹܣ
ʦ壬ɱ֮ɱһΪɷŶشܸʤһ
ַĿǰĲϣɱ֮Ʒ鱦ܡ
ҲƷ鱦ҪһصģǾһȴɱ֮ܺƷ鱦£ֻǡ
ֻʲô
ֻǾÿɷĲϣɷĲԽãЧҲԽãҲԽӽƷ鱦˵
ܽӽƷ鱦˷ܵĲ˲ƣǳڴ
ҪʲôĲϣ
ɷ̺꣬ǿɷԹɷ꣬ǰΪԽǿԽãϣе۷ǿ߻߰벽컯ǿ֮ɷɷ񹭵ܾܹ޽ӽƷ鱦ܣ
ֻҪ۷߰벽컯ǿɷꣿҶʵ
֪ѣҶߵ࣬ҶΪѣ͵ֻҪǵǿɷ꣬Ҳõġ
ҶֵһɣЦЦĪЦͷԡ
컯֮ɷأЦţҶʵ
۾һɷҲǼټʦ壬УҿԱ֤񹭵ܲ޽ӽƷ鱦Ʒ鱦鱦൱
Ҳ˵ҪǸٶ컯֮ɷ꣬ٶƷ鱦ܵɱ֮Ҷʵ
ٶɴסˣɻǵ˵ͷô࣬û⣡
һŹֻ֣ÿһѹԽԽܻԽԽǿ
ãţȥȥ
Ȼ
컯֮ɷ꣬ôôס
컯ˣҲһܲɷġ
컯ɷ꣬Ҫ̵ġ
ʦҶţֱһ
ɸȻӦ˵𾪵ǣһʱ֮Ҷ͸ٶ
һɨʱɾ;ˣɵ۵֡
ʮ컯ɷ꣬лʮ߸컯񽫾ɷꡣ
Ƥôɷ꣬ǧ컯пܰɣ
ʦǴŪģ
֮࣬ҶЦɵļʵ
ˣĹˣӦûʣ࣡
컯񽫾ɷ꣬ǼƵ컯񽫣ÿ˿һ컯˾ɷ꣬Ը˰ɣ⣬ÿһ컯Ľ۲ϣ͵ʦҸǵĽҶ˵
ҶЩţʦ壬Ե棿
ˣ⻹м٣
Ȼжظֿϲ֮ɫ˾Ҷʩһ񣬡лʦ壬ҵȱؾȫ
˵˵ΪҰµˣҴЦУҶȻʧ
ʩЩǵΣڿ϶ȱ鱦Ҳȱɱ֮Ʒ鱦൱ɱ֮Ǿǵķǳˡ
ĿǰΪֹԸûеġ
ҶƮƮһ仰ˣ
ģͶһԸռ˵ƳһܳԽƷ鱦ɱ֮ء
ûãɽϢΪҶʦֵܵʱ򣬶ݵ𾪹󣬾ǻ
֮ǰоץôԸʦֵǣĪֵʦ壬Ͷ˼ͬУ޲Ļٶ㡣


3017 ٵı
̶̰µʱ䣬Ĵ½ٴη˸ӵı仯
֮ǰԭԨء^λȻҪַ̫߱Ӽ񣬵ʵϲûжٶ
ҶֻǴһڣûʲôʵʵж
ſơ
νͻȻһ֡
Щν󣬴ǴǰַıԵǿ
ǣЩ½ÿһһδʦ
뱻ʦһְͬЩĴʦȫЩĻ塣
Щʼš
Щսǳļ򵥣ܱݿͬͶգõġ
ǲͬ⣬Ǿͻϳս壬ȴ컯ˡ
컯ʵʩնս
ûԣʣµĴȫΪ塣
ǣЩССֻռһ֮صʼţ£֮ǰݵԭԨء^Ҳסˣ׷׳֡
Ĵ½ǴܵϣǴһźһս𴦴
¾طӦҲǼޡ
ԭޱˡ
ԭ˵ĸݣزò²ƣ͸ӵĽˡ
ԣˡ
Ҫ֪ܸݿŲװˣֻҪܹƶԷնжҪȡܵݿŲСѶȵģЩ
ǣ˲ʥս
նսˣǺȴǴս
ԭͶƽĴܹǱңѪ
þҶʹĲѣȴ޿κΡ
ս
սͨƽܹģ˺ģȴԶͨƽա
ˣѾˣĴʦĹʦֵڡĳǰִķİҶ汨档
Ĵʦһ컯˾ڵˣӦҲԭĺҹӡ
أһֱʾˣǰЩʥսУͻȻ䱬
ĴشʥǣԼˡ
֮󣬾ͻתֵһֱûг
λ컯ʵΣȫ£ȫҶʵ
ˣӦĴʦߴģ컯ˣ컯˳ڡ
ǰĴսǰ˸ƣսͻתָơ
һ컯ڵǿߣӦˣҳߣûлתĹ̶İ˵
ҵλûУҶʵ
ˣܣûҵ͡Ҳûҵ¹ƣӦڿռؾһĵ򡣡
ţã֪ˣȥһĿɡ
İӦʱҶͻֽһޣˣһεĿ귶Χ컯񽫡Ƿ컯񽫣뷨ǵλá
ȻҪӵСģСģ⣬һʱ֪ͨңҶ˵
л˹ģס
İʧҶȴڼʮУ·Ⲣֵ̫
ݱӦòɣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦһѾ̤ķֵϿա
ķֵϿյɲǣ⻪һ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪͻһεľĻķֵԿռз
ʱķֵѾ൱ڴһռˡ
Ҷһ̤˱ķֵС
Ҷ˹̤룬ʱķֵڱʮϰʦʦͬʱ˳
㾯
ҶɹЦһʮҶ澫ѡΪ׵Ŀ޼˾ͷĿͶس֣һ䡣
ɫ޹ϼ䣬ÿһޱȵĴһλߣΪǵǽЩֳֺɫ޹Ŀ޼˾ǰûκ
󵨣Ȼɱӣŭֵһͬʱ˳ģȴǿޱȵϢ
ķֵڵϢʱͱùޱȣóޱȣķֵĿƺҪȼ
Ҷף컯˳ˣҶ沢ԤֻǾĿλ컯ˣѡʮλҪĿ޼˾
Դޣ˵̶֮ٿ޼˾Ҷ治һضص㡣
ɱ¾Ҫɱ¾سɳ
Ҷ˴Ŀ֮⣬ġ
ȵλ컯˺ڵߣƺԸҶᡣ
ֵɲǣϢҶ棬·ҽĻһ㣬һ֣Ҷ档

Ҷֳֺ̾ͬɫ޹ңҶ󣬹£籼ף


3018 ҶͳĴô
ķֵڵսûκε
λ컯ˣҶֻҪһˣͿɶԸ
ǰҶԸ컯ˣҪȫ
ͻ֮õʳ¯ûõ񹭣ҵսѾǳɱˡ
һ˶Ը컯ˣشˡ
ҶҪҪҶҪڣͿɱλ컯ˡ
Ҫ֪õƵ񹭣õ컯񽫾ɷɷģ񹭵ܣѾƷ鱦һˡ
ںɱܻ֮ҪƷ鱦
䣬鱦ߣмˣ
ڳ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫռ䣬ҶֻΪ˷٣ѡ
䱾ɱ֮ǲϢҲԡ
ûЩֶΣͨǿҵɱϢͿԽҶϡ
Ĵ½ǿˣѡҶ档
Ҷ
ôѾˣ͸һǸ߲㣬˽ļء
ԣҶʾ֮ǿ컯󣬿Ч
ǣҶһвĸͻһͷʹѵһһ˺ǰĵˡ
Ҷķֵǻ˸ոսĸҶ治֪ǲвĸҲпܻͷޣҶȴͷǰĵˡ
ĿǰԸ⡣
ԣҶһͻϮķֵѹһɱ
ûʲôֿɱλ컯ˣҲûκô
Ҳԭһλ컯ˣӵһ
սĺܿ죬СܿƵλ컯ˣֱӱҶӽʱռڣķֵˣʬȫӽռڱá
Ҷµħţڵ١
ɱ¾󣬱һѲ˾ʼɨսۼ
Ѳ˾ڲһɨսۼֶΡ
Ǵɨս֮ĲϢ᳹׵ʧ
Ǵɨ֮Ҫ׷֣ǶһЩǳͨ޷ҵκ˿켣ġ
󣬷İһλϸϸļһ֮󣬲Ϣ뿪鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫſ˷ҶѸٳ롣
ķֵĵģڲΪս֮⣬κζҲûκһˣ˯һ
ֱڶ峿ϵͽǰݣŷķֵһˡ
Щͽ޷ϵģķֵûκһˣͻȻһҲû˵Ļɡ
ֱ´߲У鿴쳣֮ŲϱȾѶ߲ѾԺˡ
Ҷ棬ʱռڣոɵСĵھλ컯ڵطĬĬĲոյֵط
ڣҶһ˵ļҸոսûõķֵ˵һλ컯֮⣬ҷֵ컯˶࣬һɵ˾λ컯ˡ
ÿһ컯ˣ֮СܣȻʱռСڵط
һεжһı֮⣬ҲҶͻƵ컯һж
ͻ֤ҪĻۡ
Щѡͻ֤ߣһ㶼һش⣬ͻ߶亱̸ָϡ
ҶͬʱشҪͻ֤Ѷȣνǳɱʮӡ
޽ݾҶҪͻ֤ѹܡ
ҶĽݾСͨ
һεж
˧ǵֵܻرϴĸڵֵķֵڣȻ֡
֮£Ӧֻʱ⡣İر
ǵһĿûУҶʵ
˧һĿ꣬ԭһݵϾܹǵĶĿȫ
ԣΪҪĿ꣬Ȼ¶ķ̫ˡİ˵
Щֵ֮ûкʵĿ𣿡Ҷüʵ
ش˧ʱ̫ˣʱ޷ҳļֵ֮컯֮ǰֻЩֵΪĿꡣ
Щڵֵٶһ컯򡣡İ˵
һ£ҶԱ֤ȴĿǰҪĿꡣ
ԣ컯ˣѡĿǰ
˼Щķֵʱܶˣ
ȷʵˡ
һĿ꣬ѡ˧ɱ컯˵飬ǲͣġҶʵ
˧ȻĿꡣ

Ҫʱһţħ廹ˮǱߣȴǿոһİ˵
ħˮ壿Ҷ˵ͷ㰲ŰɣֻҪṩжĿ꣬£ҷģ
л˧Σ˵䣬İһ򣬡ǰѡļжĿ꣬˧ϡ
ӹҶ沢ûϿ򣬶ٴηԸ˵Ϊ¼ڸֵмǿǰɣ
˧ϿԿ϶컯ô࣬ԣʧǿܻ컯İ˵
컯񽫣
ҶǸĪζЦݣİʣЩֵڵļӺͲܾ̽ˣ֣һҪעⰲȫ
˧˼ǣİȻ
֮ǰһд̽Щֵ仯
˧
ڣµŵùҪֵܣ˧ٸһô
İһ㣬ϲ


3019 Ľ
ʲôֵһڣ
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妣֪ζʲô𣿡
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֪˭𣿡йգžŭȻƽϢ
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ϣ̶ֳܹȵָ

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ֻҪˮĵطҶ˲䵽
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣֻҪҶԸ⣬ֻҪҶ㹻ǿıˮı仯Ҷ涼˲Ϣָơ
ӡҶ˽ⱱһС
պ˽⣬ΧԽĵҲɱɱ
ҶĿǰɫԪ飬ҶҲֻǽͨӡŵ֮⡣
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֪Ҳ޷ñ֣Ҫǳñ״̬ҶɫԪڵ˲Ϣĸɾ
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ָһĨһų֣Ҷͺһų
ȳģҡյλս飬һֵɲǣռķֳֺɫ񹭣ӥĿ棬ķ
󣬾ǷİԹ⺣λЩѡģҶʱռϰѲ񽫣ǧѲеһǧˡ
ЩˣǾصɸ֮󣬲ѡġ
ȻȻҶµĿ޼˾ʦηɰµһλŽٽ̡
ģȴͨۻԡ顢㡢Ҷš
һεĺôҶԼŶ
ˮ£֮ǰҶһǧ¡Ϊ׵ػŵսʿǣоʥƺʥˮеľ񣬶۰Ͱ͵ĵš
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Ĵ½أƺһ¡
׵ģ̺طϢѪԾλ컯Ϊģɢ˷
ɣջ񼸷֣ܲͻƣͿԼ컯ˣҶĳЦٴ


3020 
ͻȻ˾컯ˣʷΪѪ꣬Ҳ̵ʱ˺Ĵ½ע⡣
Ѫ꿪ʼûãĴ½컯ͷ׷׿˱ķ
ļµĲ
ף컯ˡ
Ҳֹһλ
׷ʲôأ
ΪѰ࣬ڵһʱɳ˸֪̽׷ʲô
ȸӦɳʱѾһ֮ˡ
ԼĿǡ
ͻȻ˲ֹһλ컯ˣôͨ컯˾Ͳˣֻɳ컯۷Ĵ컯񽫹ȥ
ңɳ컯񽫣ҲֻǸӦ쳣ôһ·ҹȥ컯ҲҪĲʱ䡣
ҲĿġ
ˮ컯񽫹ȶľͺܿ졣
ѪĲɢһӣ͸ϵˡ
ˮϰϲ˯ȶģ֮ǰһֱˮ׳˯
ȴؼ컯䲨ˣһʱ͸˹
컯䣬ǿкôġ
ֻǣϵ·أͺˡ
ˮ׼ͻͻȻһͣԭĸĺˮͻȻȫʧˡ
ȹȶӦֲĺɫʸλˮ컯ĵĻᶼûУͱ˵䱬ˡ
˵ļҶЩԾ
ҶֻһᣬȶǾ޴ͱҶӺ˺Ѫˮ塣
ǵˣ
ҶµˮľӢǻ
Ѫ꣬컯񽫼ˮǶԣӵĴ󲹡
ǾʥƺʥҲޱȵ˷ܡ
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λùˮ컯񽫣ֻһ΢Сѡ
ĳֻ֣ǸҶµˮһͶѡ
ʱ֮󣬵һ컯Ϣڰ֮ʱҶ´׼˵
ʱ֮ǰǾ컯̺־Ѫ꣬Ѿʧ
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ܹϵģҶѡ˳롣
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ҶѲ˾޼˾ȣ׷׻תҶ򿪵йţҶһ˲Ϣʧ
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ֻܵóһ˵Ľۣһλ컯񽫣λϵ컯ˡ
˵Ľ۴˷ʱҶռڣͻƵϢһһ
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޷ͻƵߣһȱľһš
ʱһλ컯λ컯֮Ѫ̺طϢͻƵһš
ˣŽٽ̣ȻͻƵ
ģ͵ÿԵˡ
ȻҲ˵׼
˵Ҷٿ޼˾һֱҶߣնɱ컯ĺôȫͻƵ
ҶµѲԿʼͻơ
һǧΪ˹ؿڵѲԣȻһɵͻƳΪѲ񽫡
ҶµѲĿ˳ͻٴء
ҶʧǣҶλ۷Ѳ񽫣ȴûһͻƳΪ
ʧ֮࣬Ҳû취飬̫ͻˡ
ôûͻƵĸоҶ濴úô컹ţ
õٳɵķſͻƵصġ
ʱôżļֵ壬ȴֳ˵ļϰ
ҶߵˣһͻƵ˵Ǹһ
ǼΪȴһֱͣǰ
ΪԼĸˣΪٲͻƣԽԽ㣬ҶһǹǻԵǰĵλá
شҶģȴ㡢졢ţ˵ĿЦ
ѹûκͻƵĸо
Ҷ泤̾һͻǿ죬úͻƵѶȣȴǳʮӡ
˧ˣⱾǵԼѡ񣡶ˣһҲûջ
ŵУҸоûжΪƺһЩţ˵
棿ҶԴϲ
ٴȷ֮Ҷȴһ
ֻҪЧͺá
һβɣΡ
βɾΣҶͲˣ޷ͻˡ
˧ͻȻ䣬һ
Ҷһ


3021 ǿ
˧Լĵص㣬СˣֻµΪֹûзֶԷİҶԺ
ɡҶüͷһ壬һƮϵλս飬սУҶɫ֡
ҶСУԵ֮ǰյļ
ݺܼ򵥣ˮ컯еǿñǣȻʱפڱǵʮλڵ컯񽫡
Ҷʮλ컯ɵжϣñҪҶλˮǿߣп컯
컯ǿߡ
ҪȻһ컯ڿɲҴҡڵĽ뱱ǣڵʮλ컯񽫣λ컯ˣɲǳصġ
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ʱã
ܶðԪҶͶˣĻȵڡ
Ҷֻǲ컯ǰı¶鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪΪԪɱлǱĸ棬Ҷɱﵡ
ſһ˵ĺҶ˻֣İشг֣˧Ը
㣬ԼʱһһĹǶԷǾͳ

İܿľȡ˳㣬ںĴºΪҶģİҶһ̳ƣɫУҶƷ
ź磬ƷСƣоǲ
ҶҲûţٴδ߶˱ӡһΣҶȫ߶˱ӡӡҶǰ⻪˸
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ⱱӡܣҶԪ˧Ѿᵽ˰ɣ²ûҶԪ˧еôǿɣҶԪ˧ǲеʧ
˵ЩϻģôҪ뿪ҪһȻҶЦ
һ
λˮ컯ЦĿҶλսϣǿ»û˵ȷʵҸܵһ˿в
ҽҶԪ˧ɲսġ
Ҫǳ֣ǿǾѵս
ôûأҶһڴź˵ʵҺ֪رǵȣǿ
ߣĵ컯񽫣һλ컯أҶϢرޱȡ
컯һͣЦԺ˵лġ
ԣԺһлģҶЦ
ЦУ컯ĺ͢ϹɣҶԪ˧ͷĺ̫͢Ӱģ
䣬ҶЦݷ


3022 ʨӴ󿪿ڣ
ʵҶڵ֪ļʱѾµˣǿҶ棬Ҫ̸϶Ϊĺ̫͢Ӱ¡
ĺ͢˲Ҫ̫鱨֧֣ܹƶϳĺ̫͢Ӱĵʧ٣϶Ҷйء
λʱŲٻġ
Ҷ浱ŹڣΪĺ֪͢Ҷ
Ҷ浱ôҪģɲΪպĺ̸͢ġ
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Ȼ˵֮ǰҶεУĺ͢һеıĿԣ
ĺ͢Ĳһбأ
ôģǵʱҶеɱﵡ
̫Ӱ˵ĺӣûɶֵ
ĺ̫͢Ӱģȴֵ
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ⰽģʰСǸӡ
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ң
һȴȼˡ
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ŭǣҶһڵСϣȻεģȻסˣƽʱΪҲԶá
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컯ԶԣãſڵҶԪ˧Ҫ֪ŭʱ£ռˮ̰ıʱµŭǰֻữɻҽ
ǾԣҵţҶЦôˣֶλǸûɶ𣬴򣬴򲻹˾һš
Ҷ˿õģðɵɫӵѿòε˵ɣôܷŻذ̫ӣӡ
ҪҽӡǾʮ컯壬ūΣҶԴǸӵļңֱӴ̵İϢͣ
㵱ɵǰɣΪ˱ӡǲŲҾŲҴڱˮ򶯱
Ҫǽ˱ӡ½콻ˮĴٴαٳ¡
ҶЦðɰ̾һǰͳ˧Ҷ棬̫ˣѾʶ˱ӡľ޴ս壬ûرӡǲܵģֻԺ취ˡ
ûûرӡ֮ǰǱˮвĺ͢Ҫ֯رʧˮ򣬶ѵġ
ڱˮ򣬱ӡս̫ˡ
˱͵κһ֧ڱˮжˮмҲκһ֧зˮֻҪڱˮ֮ڣʧȥսս֮ü˵ı
ʤҲҪ޷ݵĴۡ
ܹʹܵ˱ӡ֮
ǷŹ鰽̫أ컯ٴòͷ֮Ȼ޷ݡ
Ź鰽ĿԣһԶԶ˵ʵֻҪձӡûνҶһš
ǣҶԪ˧ˣĺǿģµˮ屾еĶǿߣÿһӵи컻ص
ев֮ⲻҶȴǺηĴЦÿԣߣıߵǿ߸ǿһ㣡
˲һͣҶǳ컯ǿߡ
Ҷ汳컯սһ
ڵ컯»ûһԸ⡣
ԭЩ²޳컯壬ԽԽϧҲһҪԭ
ҶԪ˧㵽ҪôԸ˰̫ӣԵģ컯ɣѾⳡ̸нʧȥġ
Ҷ֪ڶε̽뽻֮󣬰ɲ¶ηµıԣҲ¶ĺ͢ĵߡ
ҶǳֱӵĿ컯Ǻεȵϧ
ҪȻ컯ɣҪֱӴӦҶȻذ֮ͻȻ𣬿һУҪֱɱҶϼҾˡ
ҶĥƤ̸
ҶĥƤ̸ϱĺ͢ǿӲ̬ȡ
Ҷͷһ˿ѾûˣôҶӦôѾˡ
ȻʨӴ󿪿ڡ
һУοʰ⣿
ּۻ۵Ḷ́ضԡ
컯ɵɫԽԽѿıףȴҶûκΰ취
ȥܻƺûжѡˡ
Ҷ滹зִġ
νʧΰҲΡ
ҶҸ컯̸УҪۣǿ׼̰ƶϧıԣԽǿ壬ӵƾ£Խˡ
ǣΪ̰ޱȣҶһҪն̫ˣǵĳܷΧܾͻա
ıΪԼͶԸ
ڵѪ飬ûôء
ҪǱƼˣʰ˰ģǿܾͷǳ鷳ˡ
ʱ֮컯뿪


3023 ׷
˧˳ɣʱûзֶԷκֽŻУһ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪʱռؾУҶյ˷İѶϢ
鱦ڴ֮ǰҶΪޣѹ޷ӳ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫܡ
ҶΪǣȻܹӳ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪСһܡ
繹ʱռؾһ
ʱռؾͬռһǿ޷
Ԫ˵컯޷ʱռؾ
ʱռؾ޼ЧҶռ䡣
Ҷ飬أμѰ
ֻҪ컯ǿߣһռ䣬ϸϸһһļѣǿҳ黯ĺۼ
ǰԪʱռؾͲһˡ
ǹȻһ컯֪ҶһƬռУɸһϸѣҲҲҶġ
ڿռһϱ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪǿĴڣпܷҶʱռؾ
˵ʱռؾѾûռȱ㣬Ҷڵһط
ʱռؾҲģҲȱġ
ʱռؾ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ֮ƾմΪһĿռؾͷ·ǳһ
ǣĴССǳתɣʱı仯仯
Ԫʱռؾȴ޷ʱ仯仯
ԪıųʮԪȻǾͨʱ仯еת仯
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Ҳʱռؾ
¾͹ˡ
ڸĺ͢ʰ⽻ף㹻ˡ
֮ǰĺ͢Ϲ̸Ҷ޿֣ԷûõĿܣǰ
̸֮˫ĽףͲһˡ
ǷҶ֮󣬶ԷͻȻλ컯ΧҶأ
νԽǿԽƤҶ͹Щǿ߲Ҫĳ̶ȡ
ƤֻЩǿݵλ֮ǰְˡ
˺֪Щǿжô޳ܡ
νһſݡ
䣬Ҫɳһλ컯֪Ҫ̤϶ٰ׹ǲܳɾ֮
ԣ̸֮ĽףҶ沢ûȥ÷İԼȥ
ֻҪԼİǰȫġ
ȻתȻȺ֪ͨҶİ´һԪˡ
õģ
ռ΢΢һҶɫԪڵٳߵͬʱ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪҲǴһɢ˷İ
Ŀǰֻ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪԳּˡ
Ҷ鱨ĴƣһȻСǴ͡鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ
ĴʹãҶڴǰ鱨ռȻ
ǵҶ컯һǿߵʱҶµĴʱʧЧ
СֻǴ͡޷ӵ컯Ķ
Ǵ͡Ҷ֮ǰǼġ
ֻǵ컯񽫻컯Σͨ͡Ȼѷǵټˡ
һͨľޣȻҲ͡Ϊйϵ
ֻ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ컯ǿ߻
İпռ䲨ûϢԪ͸˻Ӧ
һռ䲨ǺεȵĴڡ
ǣ
ϢɬѸӦ۷컯񽫾컯ңϢֹһ
λ컯Ǵҡ
Ҷ˵꣬鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪͻȻãұˣ컯ϢһϢİӦǸɣ
׷ˡ
ˣ
Ҷɫޱȣλ컯ѭŰԪϢ׷ɷǳ鷳ѵĿԣǳС
ܰܰѣǾһɣҶ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
еԸлĺԸȻϴαͷ֮ٴαѡ
ҶѾĴ㣬עԸΪٴλָ컯۷壬ټλս飬Լʱ䷨Ӧһս֮

Ҷҵλս΢΢һͣҲޱȡ
һͬʱͳ֧İ׹ǹǼ׹ǹǼ˸ŵɭȻ⻪Ҷ棬Ҳֱӡ
ɵڵʦǣ֮ǰıӲҲϬΪͷ߹Ϊռط
Ҳһɱ֮
ƲϵļȲɵ˵ֶ֮£ҶṩĸƷɷɷ֮£Ҳɱ֮еļƷѾƷ鱦൱
еʹãɱɱ
ûʵսҲ֪ܾΡ
ѣˣĿǰҲÿֵֻʮ֧ѣǹؼʱ̲ܶá
Ҳǳһ͵Σյʱ̣ȫ֡
еѾ뿪ʱ׼Ҷһ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶѾ컯սƴս׼
ʱռؾڣҲǿռϢȻԪҲǳš
ͻȻ䣬鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫٴξ
ˣ


3024 սջ
ˣ
ʱռؾѾƴһս׼Ҷ棬¶Ȼ֮ɫ
λ컯Ѿ׷˵ʵ䣬ܹסλ컯Ҳֻ컯ˡ
ҶԷλȫûκɡ
ȷѾˣԶ룬˶ͼ̽ҵϢԪ˸һϢ
̽Ϣ
Ҷü˼˼ϢѵڼɵϢ
ûƺĺܼɵҵϢ̽ϢʱҲʮֵСģһСĵ̽
ѵǽϢΪұλ컯ͻȻߵģҶʵ
ԺܴΪռ鱦Ϣ⣬컯ĸӦУҲǻɬ䣬ܹ컯ĸӦлɬϢࡣԪ˵
Ҷ滺ĵ˵ͷĿǰֻˡ
ԭ򣬾λ컯

ҲҶٴθܵʵĽԡ
뾡ĽʵͻƵ컯
컯񽫾ǿ߶ҪޱȵСһ컯ƴ
һǽңһοɾûôõˡ
ߣȥ
΢΢Ŀռ䲨УҶͳ˱С
һҶնɱ󡢻ˮǧջڱС
ʥƺʥˮ徫׷ˮһռˮ
컯ǿ֣ϯˮľʥǵ֡
Ҷ֮󣬸һҪľռеıˮһֵ̡
׼ȷ˵ǷĿǰռˮеˮˮȫۡǧɽˮС
νʧˣ˵ؽʧʧأ˵ؽԴ档
һսҶµˮ֮ޣµˮӰŵ֮ޣһС
ˮĿſţǶڹˮԣɺ١
ˮ򣬸չˮ򣬾Ͳˡ
̫ɢĻǱˮ»ᱻɽ
ԣվֻʵռۡǧɽչҲ̫̼ĺ͢
һսУˮ˲أˮ֮ǰһս˰λ֮ࡣ
Ȼʵֻռ˱ۡǧɽˮ򣬵պӪУȴԲΪӪʳ
ֵһ˵ǣ֮ǰԪˮХҶչˣԽΪδսжһθǻ˻ȥĿǰʵƿصˮȻߴĴˮ
˭ڵˮսء
⵳ХƵĴˮλöҶƵˮԣΪؼһˮжȻ⵳ХǸҶµˮһذȫ
ڣҶµҪʱ䡣
иһʱ䣬ʥƺʥϾӪ֮£ͿԳΪµİȻս⡣
ҶʱӾʥƺʥ
ĿǰƺʥפرʥפظǰһǧɽҶִʱ򣬾ʥû·ϡ
ЩԽԽֵܼ࣬˼ʱ䲻٣Ͼһʱ䲢ࡣ
ҶĵҲѵõϾƺʥʱͰ˾磬ҶȺˡ
ûãʥ͸ϵˣҶӦͬʱſڵһˮ͸Ͻͨǧ
ԸֵҪͨûĻɫ
˵꣬һֻžߵˮֱӽߵһߣһҲǼзִġ
ˬʵĴЦУʥ󲽵̤˴С
ֵܰѱԻͬʱҶĿȴǸˮϣǸˮոձʱôһ˲ϢϢоȻ͸һĪϤУżϢҶǳ⡣
磬ǳˮǺγϢȻϢΪɻ֮ʣҶֱӿѯʡ
ޣ˵װ
ƺʥһЦһԭǽǵıˮһԱҲһ֣һֻϺѪƽƽƫѪдŴϢΪɿ죬һڶ౦µѪ⣬
ΪͨͻƵ˵һ·ͻƵڡ
ѵõǣΪ飬ͷԡ׷ʱȻµǧˮͶǣָǵץˮ塣
Ҿˮְǰã˵ͦõġ
ҲΪΪǿ㣬ܳˮˡƺʥ˵žָˮЦôĵܶȤΪ⣿
ûУֻϢҵע⣬ȾƣǺȾƣ
һߺȾƣҶȴǸпѡ
ҶʱѾϳͨСȷˣг׵ĳˮǵҶһתΪϺı
ҶѡֻϺδΪǺԲơ
û뵽̶Ĺ򣬾ȻַٵͻƵΪٶȣҶ滹Ҫ죬Ҷпѡ
ǲ֪ת֮ĳףܹɳʲô̶أ
ƺʥصĳ̶ȣԺ᲻ʵƺʥˮٴִƱأ
Ҫ˵ж
ҲҶ˼ڴ
˶ľײУҶžʥƺʥһƳһöָ
ĵܣǣ
һЩʵĶλ缰ˮһ̨סҶ˵
ƺʥ뾸ʥͬʱ˽ȥʹһ
ô鱦۶ܹǴ̣Ϣ˿ֲʥʵ
λ翴ŷɣ׷ǳµģΪλ׼ģλ翴ŷŰɣ컯ϵĲƵģ
ʥƺʥǾϲ
ôһˮ壬ֻҪ۶Ǵ̣ˮսʵˣ
ĵܣ̫ʱˣµľ񲻹ء
Щ۶ܣйǴ̣Ҷڵɵʦ֮࣬һЩ߽ϳƵˮװʱòϵ߹ǵȡ
ǣֻòϵı߽ϣҲǷǷˮԣǷͬһ㡣
컯񽫾ͷƵװ֮ˮսУżǿȻơ
Щ컯ͷսʱˮȻѹӰ첻˵ҲǼ
ˮԽ󾳽սʤˮ壬¡
ƺʥ뾸ʥȻϲ⣬ҲҶЩԭ
ʮ鱦Ƿʰ⽻ĺ̫͢ӰĵһСֽʶѡ
Цţʥƺʥÿóһָÿָٲ֮
ĵܣһ׷սУ˳ɨˮ֮ջǸˮЩռĸָĵرʣҲķᡣ
ջеһ룬֮ǰ͹ȥˣý㡣
ҶȻôĴָ¾һĴָİٶöָдʣҲһ
һ뱱ˮսһջˡ


3025 Ц
ĺ֮͢ڣԼʵķոձӪȳ̫͢Ӱıһᣬһ͵
һ±Ѻʱ䣬ֱǶꡣ
Ҳһ£֪ɵĿɹ󣬸֪Ŀɹ
ԸСӰƽʰҲһ
ļƻУܹһôѪĶӣҪ̳²ġ
ʱ鼤ʰЩˣȻʣҲѲס
ôǸҶͷˣɫһ
ǵûСҶӦҲ֪ҵݣֻǹѺҡֻǾһ⣬ӷ֪Ŀɹ󡣡
˵ĵϥ¹ʣͻ컯ˣ븸ʳȫ
ԣʰ˵ͷ֮ǰԭ꺻ʵͻ컯ˣ֮𣬸컯Ѿʼ޼ɵĳ֣ҲֻͻƵ컯һԱ֮
죬ȥͻƵ컯
лʣĴϲ
ոսӻذĵϹ밽ĸĵϲˣҵǰ﹧̫ӵͻ컯
̫ӵµѪͻ֮󣬻һ컯ӵǿ˵̫ӵһͻƣ컯񽫵սء
лλԡ
ţΪ֮ƣϣø֮ʰ˵
лʡлֿڵʣһͬһͬȻԭĶӰԣʴôã
һʰЩͷۡ
ԭսԱ֮λִݣ̬󣬾ȻһЩϵע⣬Ҳʼע⡣
ǸδȻİԣʱҲ鷳
ԭǾȵֻ̫͢Ӱģ˭֪ʱҶ߻ͳһͷԡ
űˣԱûʲôֵ෴ģʱһ鷳
ΪǱѪ֮ǰʧˣһڵĸ֪Щ˾ͻȫְ֧λ
ڲڶ࣬ӵй壬治ࡣ
Ӽ̸ְĴͳģѪԽ壬̳еĿԽ
һڲ֧֣Իм̳б֮λĿԡ
ǣǰλôܾͻᱻְ֧λЩǸϷˣʰͳΣ鷳
ʰͷʹ
еѡԸҶɱԡ
û˰ϵ̳ˣô֮λʵ˼ͱ÷ǳҪԴݵĻȡ档
ʵϣⲻ֪ǣҶǿ׼һ㣬Ϊͷͻصġ
Ҷȷĺ߱͢϶ռݱˮ򣬿϶ᱨ
ĺ͢ǱҪҪпܡ
ҶҪģʱˡ
ҶҲĺ֮ڿճһλãڲεȵķ粨ԸɴཫȻķ̳ʸİ֮ӰԸ˻ȥڲķ粨һѻ𣬸Լȡʱ䡣
£Ŀǰûκ֪ǽӻ˰ԣɳһڵơ
ʰûлӦǳ֮ɫȴѾ⶯ˡ
ʣ˵Ϊأ
΢һ̧ͷʲô˼
ʣԴǰȻ竣ʱȴʸ־Ϊ𣬶뺢ҲཻĪ档
ǸλǲǱĽõԼ˵
ô˵ְ֧Լ̳иְѶͻСܶࡣ
ԼΪǿλֻΪЩ϶˼¡
˵ЦЩ϶ôεѲһα֮λȱһȴı˭ʵ
ʣⲻǻ㰽һԿ϶ġ
ʱԺֶκ͸ʵ֧֣ܿհԣʵƿرûκġ˵
ʰ۾͵һȷʵǺ⣬Ŀǰ״ðε˲࣬һ
ҲãΪٸһ飬¡˵
ҪЩɻ
һͬҪλû컯Ϊǲġ˵
лʣ
ľʹ뿪һ뿪ʰͿϹ밽塣
˵˵ΪʲôûɱǸҶ棿ʵ
£ǸҶܽƻֻһǰףǰʧӲǵ׷ٵġ
һ·׷ȥһ쳣ɬĿռ䲨Ϣ˷֣в֮⣬Ǿ෽֮˻˵
˵صĿռ䲨ϢҶ컯Ϣʵ
пܣ
޻Ǿͨռ̫ͨɱ֮컯ȫ֣ĿԺСпܻḶ޴Ĵۣԡ
޻߾ͨռ̫ͨɱ֮֮컯ʵжϣʰҲֻܷһ̾Ϣ
ûǵľǶԵġʰ˵
ֵ˴֮ȳֻԼ۷ûñ˼ɵս֮бɺĥ
˶ˣָڿ½԰ΪλֵãԺҲҪ
ǣϹ밽ͬʱ
֮ĳڣıʵǳԵҲ޷
ϾֻЦģʤߡߣʰЦ
Ӣ


3026 
ħ½ķֵǰ鱨ôˣڣҶֳһüͷ塣
ոյõΪ廹ִþѪҶİţЩ̿֡
ش˧ȷһߴĿ굱Уǰڵ鱨춼ûɡ
ĿǰֻһĿսãȷ˵УĿǰûųĿиǿĴ
Ŀ꣬Ŀǰͺ󣬶սý׶Ρİر
Ҷһ䣬ˣ͸
Ҷ򺣾Уأһ㲻һ𣬾
Ҷʣ÷İ֣̿ϥ°²˧𷣣
ϢŭʵİһħĿ鱨ͺ󣬻ԭġİܷţæ顣
ʲôԭ򣿡
ˣħһܹѡĿ꣬ħռڣֻǾӪܱߣܱȫħ壬ҴǳۣѶȺܴ
Ѿͨͷ֮ǰħ²һּջ񣬻ٸһʱ䡣
һ˵ţһһݵͼ
ѡ߸Ŀ꣬ŵͼıעУһŵͼҶͶˡ
ߴĿ㶼ħռ߾ĺĵܱ߿ǴѶȷʵܴ
ҶҲʶԼ̫ļˡ
ǰĺ͢ʱλ컯Ҷ޴ѹҶΪͻƣҲżˡ
ļˣǾͼɡ˵꣬Ҷ˻е򣬡ҪȥһˣץʱɣҲɲ֮ȫһ
ȥأ
ţİһۣ͵ˣʱȥأǲ̫ΣգǱҪ㣿
ңһǿңʱǸֻҪǸҶ֣˵ãͲ¾б𣿡Ҷһ
˧½飬ܲȥǲҪȥĺãʷϣͷĸ߲ɲټİ˵
Ҷȴҡҡͷ飬Դ׼ԷȥУİɣȫ⡣
⣬Ŀ꣬ǿԷˣ
ҶָŵͼѾսǴĿ˵
˧ٸ죬һ塭
ãԼȥ˳ģ

ҶϢ·ħռ·ݡ
·ݳڣħħ½һֵħ忪ʼʵʿƺռ칥µصһ־
Ҷһ·ûκβ
ƾ鱦ʮԪ챦飬ҶǷִħ·ݷֵһһӶ
ҶԭϹŲڡ
ҶĿǰǺܽġ
ƾ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪҶԭǿֱӳظģ£Ҷ滹Ǿ¶鱦ʮԪ챦顣
Ŀǰԣ컯սҶ治򲻵ѣǲ鱩¶鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫġ
Ҷһأǽӵ׼ķگμٿĽ顣
گܼ򵥣֪ͨΪҶμӽ飬ߣ洦á
ƽĴǣʵĴˡ
Ҷܺ棬ʲôδ׼跢ķگ
ҲΪԭҶˡ
ΪصĶϵŻħȫ֣ĸݣԭϵϹŲ̲飬Ѿﵽϸĳ̶ȡ
κͨϹŲ붼ҪǼǺͲݣе̶ʶҪ㣬⵼ԭϹŲǰٻ˴˺̶ӡ
ǽĻҪ뿪ģ˳
פפѾ֮ǰǧפһ
ɼض⴦Żӡ
һֻ͵Ǽݵȴһϡ
Ȼص࣬ΪĴ½ľáΡĻģ̶̫ˡ
ĿǰŶӹأҲҪʱ䡣
Ҫһ㣬ҲҪʱ䡣
ǰһ£˵ܲͨأǴܵһȨҪк۶ûС
ǰųɵĳֱӾҶüë
Ҷʱ䱦󣬿ɲԸ˷
ֻһ٣Ҷ;뿪˶飬ͨعؿֱȥ
Ҷһӣʱ˳ɧһάеĳǹ𣬾ңңָҶ棬ʲôģʵʵȥŶӣûӵĵض
Ϊ··ݳǵԭҶ沢ûд棬ûдˣĺ߳
Ҷȴǲֱ˹ؿڡ
ŭһͶݺݵҶ棬һߣһ߳
ɵֵڣЩջˣƫƫвʶġ
㡭
ᵽҶǰƿڴֻҶĿ΢΢һһ΢΢һƳҪ˵ĻӲ˻ȥ
Ҷ棬һγвִ˵㣬ϰҳذɡˣҶ浭ķԸ
ҲǿҶݲˣҪͨˣеȻڵĵ
һɻ֮£Ҷ棿Ҷ˭±ݡ
û˵꣬Եһ͵ڵأְξݼݼҶԪ˧
㶼¶Ȼ֮ɫ޵𾪣ԥİݵڵء
ʱǲŷӦ
Ҷ棡
вҶ棡
ΰݵУżֲżּ
񻰣
ǾȻҼ˴ܵľ񻰣
Ϣ֮Ҷ濴ŴҴҸԾߵİӭԼĴССľǣЩͷۣ
ҶһεأȻûпмȴû뵽ûأôĶ
ôи߼ٵӭܱƵŶӳص̶Ӻ˵Χ£ҶţִصϢò˶ãͻᴫĴ½
ҶԼڵķ
һֱעҶ棬ݵļλһûзҶ£
ҶҲûϵԼھеȻֵزԼ˳ݡ
ⲻǺ¡
ֻ˵ս£ǳá
Ҳֻսãж޵ͳ˧֮򺣾Ԫ˧Żĳݡ
ʱ֮ҶһھٵĴӵ£뿪ԭϹŲɳһǧ˴ӣ䵱ҶҶʱ̣ΪҶ濪Ҷǰء
ֺ⣬Ҷ滹ûܾ
Ҷʱ¶Ծʿж
½ǴһϢ
սҶ治ôעЩֿħĴܺöǣҶ¶棬ܹҶ滹Ǻġ
֢֡
Ҷ汻һǧŵִسŵʱسſڣѾˣССǧλڵĹ塢١ԱڳſڣӭҶ棬Ҷ浱Ȼ
ƣҲ̫˰ɣ
ҶеУˡ


3027 վ̨
سſټƣǱ˸ģݹ̫ұ˸ġ
Ҷڴܾ󣬵Ӱеͼٻɣ߼춼ԼϵҶ͸ӭӡ
ݹ̫ұҶһϵ¡
֮ǰΪҶ汻ʧٵԭӶطǳѹ
Ϊ⣬˭֪Ҷ¾񽻶Σöֳ֣Щ֮ͽ͸ǽͷöʧ
λҲڳϸϺ꣬ϵʵݷ
ҶµУ˭ҶƲϵԡ
û취˭ǵĶӻŵʱıݹһһܾƲҲƲ
һ֮ҶͻȻع飬λ´󶨡
򺣾ħ壬ס˳꿤ǣҶִǧˮȻնɱϢûдսҲˡ
ʾãҶͳô֮ݹ̫ұλͿʼȫ渴ա
ҶسϵҲǳصġ
ƾͷոʧȥĵ̣ϲܡ
λŬҲֻôøӿɣǻָ֮ǰʧȴңңڡ
سĹǣһȫǶǣȥ⣬ô³
һΣһ֪ҶҪϢʱ֯˴¹ԱسſӭҶ档
ƣ벻˲Ŀɡ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶתصϢʹأ˸
Ҷ浹Ҳˡ
ΪĹϵ֮ǰҶʧʱУһֱǼᶨġ
ҲǵĶ෽Ŭű֤˱ڵ
һΣֻҶתһ£ƽƣȡ档
ⷽ棬ҶǺϵģǶԼˡ
Ψһ鷳ߵתҶ滹»ʊһݱǱ̬Ҳ֧ݹ̫ұǣͬʱҲ˫һ棡
ʵΪֹҶ֮Ĺϵɲ̫ȷ
Ҷطʹͣû˼
һҶתأ˵һ
ҶȻϵݹ̫ұ˵Ĵӵ֮ҡУǸλվ̨
Ҷ汻ͽѾĽõ
Ҷ˧λʲô㣿ǰģ˺Ҷݹ̫ұ˽Ҫһµġ
㣿ҶЦЦӦ׼ķ٣ǰμġ
μ飿ݹ̫ұǱΪҶһλҪطõģû뵽ֻǲμĽġ
кΪ֮˵ɡ
Ҷ˧ϴʧ֮µǳϵҵܵкϵִ˵ʧء
һЩҪְλʧǵ·ʧҲǳءһʮ·ֻʣ·֧š
Щʣ繩ӦϣвϵȣȻ޷Ӧ
ǱǱ߾ȽȶḻҪȻ·ҲҪûˡ
˵ţݹ̿ҶһۣҶ˧ô֮ƣջЩ·֮ǰʧһҪְ
ţ϶Ҫջأȥʲô˵⣬ҡ
Ҷȷ𸴣ݹ̫ұϲҶ仰ǾͿԷȥˡ
ҶıḻűڵĶйӦǣȻҪʡ
ʸĲϣһҪʮָɫϣԲʮ֣ӶֿԻ֣߰µģҪ̶ͨӣӴݿתˡ
ʸĲϣڴھ¹Ʋϣһ̶޷ģݹ̫ұµ̶ӣȴĽ⡣
ʸ󣬸˵ҪߵʸˣҪǵĵط͸ˡ
ҪԿɼһߡ
ʵһξûĽ飬һʱ䣬ҶҲ⡣
Ҷ˧Ұһӭᣬ¶ģ̫ұʵ
ãǰŰɡ

Բض˵Ȼʱִ٣ݹ̫ұɰŵĺܺ
ҶһϵĴСԱˣöĿǰǸڼңҶ¶棬һ
ҶǵģҲǵĹǡ
һִԷ׼Ҷ棬ȻĴ󶨡
ᣬҪһ죬еһ룬Ҷǰ˳ˡ
ϴϵľ֮Ҷֱ
ɴ׼跢׼ٿ齫һʱ֮ٿڻ֮ǰҶҪȥݼԭ׼ࡣ
λˣҶһֱ𾴡
ܼ򵥣̳þƣһϺõ裬㹻ˡ
ʱһֱڱлڣȫͻ컯һ棬Ҷϲ
粻ɣذϳͻ컯
ЦŰ˰֣⹧ص磬һ㣬һţ
һ֮Ҷ漴⡣
ҶҰ࣬̽һϢһε鵽ҪʲôҲиӦԡ
ϣȴһȻ飬һ֪
Ҷͷһ˿Ҳ֪һεĽҪʲô
֪һйء
ʲô£
ڴĻ˳˯ʥ
ԣҶüͷ


3028 
׼ڣһĺɫľΪĿΪĿȴ˵һѺľ߱Ρ
ľ߱ϣŸݣѹҶһ׼ڵĻҲһ۾ͿԿѺľ߱ΣǴ׼ı
ҶʱѾвȨˣҶ΢΢֮󣬾ҵԼλ
ҶĿȨһһɨҶȻ֣ƺЩȨҲһɻ󣬿ӣܶ˲֪λҪʲô
ҶĿȨİĿ˵ѪսϲսĬڣҶĿѯʣȨİҡҡͷʾҲ
ҶĿ⿴еĴ׼ΣȨİ֪Ҫʲô
Żʱٽ˾͵Ĳˡ
˴׼δ֮⣬λȨʮλ㶼ڳˣΪĳ֣ûг֡
౦һսֳշ嶾飬嶾ҲأĿⳤڱչ֮С
Ҷ淢֣ҪĴȨǾ㶼ڳ£һ࣬ŶʮΣЩŵΣ˭أҶһɻ
׼
һȣڳеȨһݣ׷ӭӡ
Ĵ׼ڣλȻǱġ
󣬶貽룬Ķ裬Ҷͫȴһ
ĲǴ׼裬дʥ˾
Ҷע⵽˾Ȼڴ׼ǰߣ
Ҫ֪Ȼ˵˾Ƕĳ𱰡
Ȼ˾Ƕĳǰд׼֮λҲӦǰߣǺߡ
һĻҶͷͻһ
󣬸ҶȻ鷢ˣߵǰ׼һǰѺľ߱ΣȥģȻǶ˾
˲Ϣ䣬еȨǣվֱ壬Ŀȫе˴׼˴׼֮λĶ˾ϡ
̬ȷǳ
Ҫһͣ
ڳеȨǣҪ˾붫һͣӣɲ˭ȥġ
ڴ׼֮λĶ˾ȴһҲż˹óһɢŨϢƤ
ƤϢҶĸӦϤҶɱ˲壬ƤƤƳɵġ
ϢҶնɱı
λħݣʧҴܾӱǣķƣ
׼ڻ֮󣬾Ĵƣڣλ飡˾ݳΪƤ
һǵڶȨֻǽӹƤһۣʹȥ
ΪҵˣڶȨ϶֪ġ
ȨİӹΪƤϸĿһݣ֮ʣ̧ͷһҶ棬ڵطʼƤ
УеİǻϢԼӡͬʱ֣Ƥʵԡ
ĴƤΣһǳƣһΣȴʮǰƣƤӡ־ӦǳƵĴƤȨİжϡ
ȨİȨеˣжϻߵȨҲһһ⣬㶼
ûãʹûмƤطģֻܿݡ
ݲ࣬ȴз
ߴΣ֮ʣɶô˴Ƥʥ׼ԼĴ׼֮Ȩλƽѵ˯Ĵ׼ԳǿʵӦΣ
Ƥˡ
δ׼裬ڴΣ֮ʣ׼֮λƽʥ˾ݽ񣬳Ϊʥδ׼˾ĸΣ˾ʱλ鶫衣
ͬʱ־ӡŴѾͬ¡
˿꣬˾ջ˴Ƥ°΢΢һ˰ɣûĻҶ˾Ϳʼȫ񡣡
һ˵ó˴׼ݵȨȣ˫ֵݸ˶˾λɣ
һȨֻǲΰݶ˾ʾ֧볼
״˾ĽӹȨȣһٵأźȵλɣ
ֱʱվ˺һڶȨǲԭ׼˶˾һࡣ
Ŷ˾ĿӣһȨȴǸܵǰδеѹ
Ȼ˵׼ڶ˵תһȦûɶ𣬵Ƕ˾ȴ˼ѹ֮ǰĶδ׼ʱȫһ
λҴħ塢ˮ塢ֵ塢塢ȴսüˡ
սУ컯òսĽЧѾˡ
˵컯ˣ컯񽫼սںĴ½ҲżʣսҶǼ
δֻձࡣ
˵ԸλĿǰΪսȻ޷ӦԽΣ޷ԸҪԵĵˡ
Ҷߣʵ֮Ĳ蹵ͨЩʱֲո
־޴ʵ࣬ҴҪɹһΣĿԣ̫ˡ
ԣεһ죬ͽĴ򣬰䲼һ
˲Ϣ䣬˵Ŀⶼ˶˾


3029 ֱ
ΪӦԽԽߵսҶȣӼڶھȨеȫɻѵʥΡ
ԭȨԭλ񣬳εĸȨĸǴɹһΣʤ֮Щʱεʥٴˡ
ոԴƤεĴ׼˾ĻһһֱӽڳȨǸˡ
˭Ҳû뵽δ׼˾ĵһȻġ
Ȼ˵ĹûʣϣǶȨ
붫˾֮Ĵ׼֮λĽӣʵǶڲԼȨѡ
Ǵʱ˾ǳĶȨˡ
Ȩ֮λʥΣԭȨֻܳθǡ
˵ЩȨǣϾͻΪЩʥѡһʱ֮󣬿ְλҲֻΪһױܿգʧȥеȨλ
ԭܼ򵥣һʲôʥ
ңԿ϶ǣһζ˾ĽͻȻλʥ붫˾ϵĪ棬ľɲš
ЩʥʵŴ׼֧֣Ȩֻʱ⡣
ȨǸöֻҪˣûԸ׵Ľȥ
Ŷ˾Ļأڣôһ˲䣬ͷзӯ졣
׼λʥվã²ֱȨɣ
׼ӣɲ׾ֵܽģӿ¶Ҫü£
׼Ϊʲô⣿
׼λְȨʥǶã֮أ

ָ⣬ǵһӿ˶˾˾׼ϣΡȻţǶ˾ĶôȨķˣɫЩˡ
Ҷ沢ûʡ
˲ûʶŶ˾˵мؼһ仰ʥ֡
ԭ׼֮ǰҶΨһʾǰʱܻ˴ʥ
һϾͿԿ춫˾ľٶӦ־ڱصã˵дʥȺء
ЩȨٲԸʵʹľѹ֮£ûκá
ӽ»ɶ˾һã
Դ˿̶˾ǿƺʹ壬ᷴԣҲǰ״Ҷ澲䡣
ãһڲԸ⽻ȨȨǷзŽɢȥ˵Ŀⶼ˻εĴ׼˾ϣڵȴ˾Ľ
˰׼˾Ż˶еȨȣǵ͸ܣΪ˴ܣΪֻˡ
ҲΪչǵԱǽһ£ӽԺ󣬱ִֻж֣ߣ洦ã
һȨȣٴһݣ˾ٴοڡ
ǹעһǸʥԶô꣬޷ڵһʱִƸ
һ㣬ǲõģЩʥԭˣԴ˺ִֻʱ⡣
ߣΪǡ
ֻҪȫȫĸûκ⡣
Щʥں֮⡣ڲÿҴʲôʱɹһεΣȡʤ
ڶɹһΣȡʤ֮Щʥ˵⣬ΪڿǻΪʱ硣
˵˾鶸ر֣͵ָȨǵı
֪ΪʲôҪڵһʱȨ
սҶȲԭ򣬻оЩˣѾû硣
һƵģ±ԼȨӲ档
սҶȲδսʬɽѪ˵ЩˣǼȨʥǣҲ޷ȫܶɹΣȡʤһ̡
еһ룬пҪսϡ
ѪսδʼǾȻʼսˣΪе߳ܣ
˾ĻڳеȨ׷ԣЩ˸ǵԴ
Щ˵ʲôջǱ͡
Ȩ˭У˭С
Ҳ˾˵ûȻôûȨᡣ
˵㶫˾ʱģҲǶȨ
Ȼ֪λҲűЧҪǴȡʤ֮飬λȻһ˵ɣ
ȻԸλܹһ̣룬رӦ㹻񣡡
˾ĻڳȨǲҲʶˣδĲпᡣ
Ե˲ϢͼٵûС
δҪܶˣЩΪǿʥǶǰߣǸ
ܺãǶѾڵĴˣǱٸǽһ⡣
ΪʲôһβʥƵķΧ֮ڡ
ΪĊֵݣΪʽ
ڣһֱȽڸĵͣĿǰʥУгġ
ңĹսǷֲġ
ĿǰǿĹս飬ǽʮ깩ġ
Ĺս鹵ͨһջ۵Ḷ́ʥԸ֣Ҳûôʱ䡣
ңĹս飬ʵҲ컯컯˵ˮ׼
ʥֻǿʥǹǣⲻЦ𣿡
˾ĻڳȨɻȥ
֮ǰ˾ĻǻΪ⵱ʲôء
꣬˾ٴαޱǽ㣬ΪǣһεȨУһжʹܵġ
ûκȨĽ׻ߺĻ
ǿԾľĸεȨߵӽ𣬱йͣйط
һϺȣɱ֮ԡ
˾ⷬɣҶ氵ĴָǴʥƣӲռݴƣ׾ٵľڲȨ棡
û˰ɣ
ڻ˿϶Ĵ֮󣬶˾Ȩٵأλʥɡ
뿪ûϢʹһȺո쵫ݾ㶼ϵʥǽ롣
ʮλʥֵɲǣҶ͵һ
ֱʡ
˾⶯Ǵֱʣ
ȫ컯񽫣
ĶʮλʥȻȫ컯񽫾ʥ
Ȼû֮ǰʥĪǵĴڣǶʮλ컯񽫣ҲˣҶڡ
ա
һ֣Ǿֱʡ
컯񽫾ͻ˶ʮλôͨ컯˾ʥأ
ңʮλ컯񽫣֪ġ
û¶컯أ
սҶȣĻɱʮ
λʥȻѣǽλֳɽͦá
λȨԼȨӡִ֮һȨǣҲڴһɽӡ
ЩҲֻЩʥУܷӳܺã˾˵
һҶɫȴǱˡ


3030 սʱ
һְҶǲôںġ
ĿǰԣҶյĳԼڱｨĻֵ֮⣬Ļ֮ǰΪԭҶ沢ûն١
һλͳҶνġ
ǣ˾ȴҪ󽻳֮ʹҶҪ
̫֮ŽȣƷҲһ޽ӽ鱦Ʒ鱦
ԭֻܲҶ᲻á
ں޾أҶ̫֮Žռ˿ƺ̫̫澫
̫澫ǿǽ̫ıԴ
Щ̫̫澫ʱգ̫ŽȲܴ˵ܹ졣
ûн죬ô̫̫澫ӳȥ컯Ҳøβ
Ҫǣ̫Žִ̫̫֮澫֮󣬽Ǽִ̳յһط
̫Žȵ֮ҶԺɵĲЩϵ
ҶδܳһʱڣĻϵطΪ̫Žڵ̫澫ڣ̺㹻Ļϵط
£Ҷ潻̫Žȣѹܡ
ǽ̫ŽȣҶܻʧһ鱦ۣڲϵطʧ޷
ʧֵʱϣǼʮϰġ
ң̫Žڵ̫澫̺һЩϵط򣬿Ǽ亱ġ
Ҷһ˾
ͬһʱ̣׼˾Ѿʼֽ
ӽ𣬽ʥεڶȨƵڶȨϽΣ

ӽ𣬽ʥεĴȨִɣκΥ棬д֮Ȩзߣն󱨣
׼˾ĻУżĪɱ⡣
ɵһЦеģ۽ǵĺ⣬ȴڳͷ
һЦ滢
λĳִɣֻ²ˣλʱ֪ǵһҪɷҪȻϷ˭á˵꣬ӹΪĵĴȨȨȨȣ¡
׼˾£Ȩӵʮ˳еȨӡ͸֮
ܿģֵ˻
ʥλܻһԭҶԻְЭִƺû׼˾Ӱɡ
ɢһĪıϢԸֻܵıҸУȴû˿⣬ɼڻһϣѾﵽ˷Ƿĳ̶ȡ
ʱ׼˾ֻǰҶ΢һ֣͵ȴҶ潻ӡԼ̫֮Žȡ
˵Ŀ⣬еҶϣϾ֮ǰҶ붫Թ
׼ǰ֮ʱһλҶ붫ңһ붫֣ȻעĿˡ
ΪҶӦûʱҶͻȻ̯һЦ׼е㲻һ
˾΢΢һҶĿӵĮ
ӶУҶ棬һǳµĵˣʵļǵȶǳĿ¡
Ҷʱһڣ˾ҶۣµһΡ
ִ֮£뷴
ֱ֪ߵغ

׼˾شҶģֻĸ֡
ĸɲǣڻĶʮλ컯񽫾ʥĿ⣬ȫеҶϡ
Ŀ⣬޵Ϣ
൱һɲǣʮλ컯񽫵ϢȫҶϡ
Ǵѹ֪
Ҫһĵʮλ컯񽫵Ϣͬʱ»ᵱ£̱
ǣʮһλ컯񽫾ʥϢ޵֮£Ҷɫ˿䣬ЦʵĿŴ׼˾
˾üëһƾݵɫҶ֮ǰڱµֵۣ˻
ö˾ڣ˾ոľɲϾ˷Ӧ
εĵĴȨɵˡ
ɣ׼ߣɵɱѻ꣬򣡡ƽУɱɭȻ
ҶƳһ̷սʱ׼ߣɵɱѻꡢ
սʱȨ£١ȨȨ顣
ȨɶǲҾģ㻹Ǻúȥѧѧɣְɡ
ҶĻĴȨ۾ϣȴЦݣޣΣΪҲӦսʱ
ʱӦսʱôǲǴţӴ˿ֱܻõʤǰսʱඣҪӦսʱҶʵ
ô˵ϹЦ˭ԿóЦɭ
Ҷȴһ棬Ļôսʱսʱ׼ߣɵɱѻꡢ
Ҳ˵Ӵ˿𣬶׼ԽǵеκһˣҸɾͿԸɱǲѻඣ
һոսȨһȨ׷ɫ䡣
ΪҶԣˣսʱ֮¡
սʱĴ׼ӵоԵȨ
´һ޷ɵ֮󣬴׼˾ɱ˭Ϳɱ˭
ɶ˾һã˵˾ƿأ
⵽һĸոжεȨǣʱͲɧ
ӦȻ
׼˾ٴοҶ棬Щ⡣


3031 Լ˲Լ
սʱֻսʱҴȻΣڶսʱ
սʱֻսʱ
Ҷɹô׼˾òó塣
ֵȨ֮ʣΪսʱĸңǲǶ˾Ը⿴ġ
ȵȨɣ˾ľɲ׵֮ʱǲսʱν˾һá
ʱ򣬶˾óͣĸ
׼˾ĳͣøոεĵĴȨЦһͣҶĿ⣬ӵɭ
ѾסҶˡ
ոξ͸һұƵǵϴ˾òļһ
ô˵ǿԱһҵඣҶӭ붫һƵĿ˵
Ȼ
׼˾Ӧһ˭ԼĲ֮⡣
ѾҶ棬ܲˡ
׼֮ǰ˵ƤȨԭΪδսҶȻἱĿǰȨǵʵ޷ӦܵΣǰɣҶʡ
ˡ
Ȼ֪ҶҪ£Ҷ˵ȫ֮ǰĻԴ׼˾ֻܵͷ
ˡҶ˵ͷô׼˼ֻҪܹӦδԽԽǿսҶȣǲǾͿԼأ
ҶĻڻڵΪ֮ȻЩҶҪʲô
ڴ׼˾ԣҶ⻰ûκëɺ˼ֻٴεͷ
Ϊսѡºˣ붫˾֮Ĭ޷ݡ
Ƕ˾ͷɲǣϢ͵Ҷ棬ȻСӶʵţǾһ˭ʺ
ΪƵʥ鱨ҶŽ˵ս˹һλ컯񽫣Ƕη壡
ʵǵʬɽѪƴɱģȻκεˡ
ڵ˲ϢǱҵϢǵȼһ仰ҲѯҶһѡ
ΪѾҪǿͻϮҶ档
ڲˣһ٣
Ǿġ
Ҷȴæ֣׼ʥеǰԼ˲Լˣ
ԴˣЦһϢӵıңôţˣ
£
ҶһЦ񹭶ظ֣ǱҵɱǵɢŵɷöΪ֮һݡ
£֪Ҷڶ౦ƾʲôشλ컯񽫡
ɷ
ȷʵɵ
ϰɱ֮һд裬ұؽȫԸ㲻ʤҲ˵ʥ
еǰʹ߿飬ҶĳмԸҶȵ
׼˾üͷ塣
ҶɣԽԽͷʹ
ΪУҶ澹Ȼռ˴ݣȽ֡
ʱ˾ҶвֵۣһȼģӶ֮ǰУҶĶ֣ҲǿԽܵġ
ȴǼȲˬ߳ҶСӣҲУҲУģߣʵߵ˵㵽ô
׼˾Щ㲻Ҷ˼ˡ
ҶΧһȦ֣λʹ߿Լ˴Լ˵飬ǲ
ҪֳߵͣҲܼ򵥡
ô򵥷ӿʵ
ȻɱУ˭ɱĵǿ˭ɱĵ˶࣬Ȼ˭ǿ󣡵ʱ˭ͿԾλ
˵꣬ҶٴιһȦ֣λΪΣ
Ҷļλ֮ǰȨʱЩĿҶ棬ҶΪҪͷλأ
ϧǶʮλ컯񽫼ʥЩֵ
Ҷȴпԡ
ҶҪ̫Žȣ¿²ܡ
̫Žȣǻ֮ɻƿأλһ塣
ԣҶ뱣ס̫Žȣͱ뱣ס֮λ
ҲڵΡ
Ҷ˼ȻֱˣȴöЩò׼ܾҶ˼пӣû֡
ԣĿʾϴ󡢴׼˾
˵ʵǶ˾ʶ㣬ҲҶҪʲô
ɱħ
˭ɱħǿ˭ɱħǿ߶ࣿ
ƺ߸ռưɣʮλ컯ɳȥջԲҶ١
ôҶᣬҪʲô
˾벻ףֻʾⶫʱӦ
ʱոս̫Եǿơ
ãɱħ𣬱ȾͱȣҪҾͶޣ˭ɱħǿ߶ࣿ˵
ҶǵóѵĺһЦ޶ʥ㶨ɣڽ磬֮ǰոոɵ˼ħ壬ʥ㿴Űɡ
˵䣬ҶͶһöָ˵мħʬ壬նɱ֮Ѫδ䣬ҪҪ鿴һ¡
һѽӹ˴ָ϶Ҫ֪նɱ˼ħĵֻ컯ˣ͸ҫ
ЦţֱԱƿһöָŨŨѪζɢɲǣľħʬ壬ͳڻڡ
ľħʬдϢûڵʥǣɫ׷һ䣬˾
Ȼնɱλħ컯
ԣĸħ컯Уһħ컯񽫣
ɲǣɫ࣬׼˾ɫѿޱȣ
ˣ
Ҷˣ


3032 ҪŬ
Ҷľħʬĵһʱ䣬֪ǿԭȨǣͷ׷׾
ľ컯ħʬУһʬħ컯񽫡
ովεĵĴȨϢһǰһһϸޱȵļľħ컯ʬ壬СиǵƤޱϸ
֮Ǽ˽ǲû˵֣˻ȥ
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ûлشҶ棬ĿŴ׼˾ʾҶע⣬ҲҶͷֹ
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˵ʱ䣬Ϣɢ̶ȣԼԹɷ۳̶ȣӦһ֮ڡ
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ԽؼȽѵطϵıռ䷨ֱ򣬶ǱȽѵģѡ
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3033 
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һݴ˭Ը⡣
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뿪л֮󣬻ص֮ϣ̫ұϵЦݣ˲Ϣ̣߬УѪ죬ָײ֪ʱ̽ġ
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3034 ּ
һСʮһ󳯣ʵֻǳѣԱǳ⣬ʱ仹Ǻæġ
ӹûΪɵлȻЩƣ黹Ǻܺõġ
ͳܵĸؿУһѾʧݣĿǰʵͳ˰ء
˰ÿշĸָ飬
лҪֵʮһϣÿͨصĻӦյ˰ԼЩȻֱϻܵ
ԴǱۡɳ֮˰ÿѮյϱ飬ȴҪһݸ
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ҲΪԭлڻ϶ֿȣƳ¹Ѿ϶δĻɣضлһλӡ
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һʥּˢչлǰʥּеݣ̫ұҵݺһл˲ҡ
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л󻨴ķѰ澣޺죬ŵл񣬳˾Ǿ
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ңڶĲ£ҲǸεҶ棬ӱҪģ
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3035 ܲ
һϢٵĳС
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3036 ۱
˵תصҶչʾһԼո˳еʧСС֡
ôΪǾ춯ˡ
Ҷתصĵ죬δ׼˾ȫӹ
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ڻĵļ˾ҲҶûɶϵʵƿָӡ
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һǧλʥƤǣϢ̤ԭϹŲʱһ¾ӸǬʥּͨ˷ѸݵļλС
ԭԨԲ^ͬһʱյˊǹʥּ
ħ֣Ϳ̼ħ壬ݵУΪ˽ڵ񽫲ϧһдħ塣
ΪˣֹͣԸݵñַУԸһַħߣǰӺ
ѣҲȷԼˣ岮ֵܡ
ﴳ˶ǣȻȰɱǣȻԼ
ĩˣ񻹷ǳֻҪܹħ壬ֻҪܹڵλóǿԵġ
ΨһĿ꣬ħ壬ܰˮ֮С
ڵĴܣ񣬻ǸݵΪһˣӦȫԸħ壬ںıħ壡
δҴԲɱ
ʥּͨƪ˵ĺֱףҲ˵ĺǹûʡ
˵ħ֮󣬻óλ⻰˭ţ
ԭԨԲ^ûһš
˭˭ɵ
λӵʥּʱ򣬾ͬʱ
ʥּдֱף˵ǸǿģǸʥּ˿ġ
˭ʥּ
Ĵ½ͨͨƽգ̤սĴʿ
ǻţ
أ
۵һֱܼ򵥣ʵ۲ʵ۾дҲǱ鳼ɱˡ
ʥּȥӰǾģģ
ԭԨԲ^˲Ūĵĸ֣߲ĸ֣ʱʶһ㡣
Ͼǿƣʥּ䴫
ǣѾˡ
ǽӵʥּͬʱʥּоʹˡ
ǾУѾﵽ˽֪ĳ̶ȡ
û취飬λȥľӣǴӴܾϵзָȥġ
ܵľ̸ڣܲҪһϢײˡ
Ҷڵһʱ֪һʥּݡ
鱨ݹģǴ鱨
^ľУвٹ̵ľɲǴЩɲõ鱨ġ
Ҷпѡ
һʥּ۱ΪĿǰĴܣΪĿǰжȡ˼䱦ʱ䡣
Ϊʲô˵
Ϊʥּ˼Ҫϧһдȥֵħˣλ岮ֵԸĿһ
Ϊ˴ħ壬ҿԷһиݱѴܵ岮ֵܵľжºóλ
ݵԭԨԲ^ǲЩټġ
ǴƽպʿŰ
ͳνĻȨϣɲܺˡ
ôˣڴܻȫħʱԭԨԲ^λԴܷжʲô
ܼ򵥣Ҳءġľʧ
ԭԺһ㣬׼ҲԺһѡ
ڴܲϧһд۶ԸħʱӱܣһãǰΣ
ħ壬ǲݵС
ʮǰħ彵֮󣬴ħ˳ʮѪս
ʿͷ­Ѫܹ忿նɱħĹѫ
ɱħǵߣ
˭ɱħʿıͱӣ˭ͽ
ؼ䣬ΨܵۻʵԭԨԲ^Բͽ
һͽӡͳûлˡ
һµʥּԭǧٿ׵ĺ󷽣ð˺ܶࡣ
Ҷɻͬʱʥˣ


3037 ɽۻ
˵ʵʥõΣҶǵһá
һǧһ컯ʥͨԭϹŲ֮жѸ١
󣬾ͳ˺׵ĳݱ߾ħʶ̫׷յĴӪ
Ӱħͷ쳣
֧ʥе컯񽫣ɲǳصġ
컯񽫾ľͨռͨʥ֣ЩħĳʾϢûзȥ͵ս
һǧһʥˢˢĳ֧פħʮľӪϿգŴ׼˾ľѪһ¡
µĹǵصй޴ռؼʮ﷽Բľ޴Ӫ
ĩһָĻ桢ҽ絶ɽѣһ˲ĹħӪأը˹
Щʥֵĵһʱ䣬֧ӪϿգҲ˳ʮ컯
ԴһǰҶʥĪ˾ѹħʱħĵļǿ˴컯
ʮħ컯ħҪƽʱһޱǿ
ڵҶҲ档
ʮ컯ħ壬ԿԺˡ
ǣֵһ˲䣬ˡ
ǧλ컯ʥĿע£Щħ컯ħɵˣ
˫ֱȣ
Ҫ˵ǧλʥлв컯񽫾ʥ
ħЩ컯ħķӦǼģһʱ䣬ʮλ컯ħ񣬾˷ܡ
˾ộɲܵġ
ʥ߶鱦ɱ֮ա
һ浹ս֣ڼ̵ʱڽ
ħʮλ컯ħȫնɱλħ컯񽫾ħ
ϧǣֻնɱħʶ̫׷յľѪûնɱħ̫ӵ
Ѫע־ĽҲһһ
ʮħһĽ£˲أħ˭ûз֣սˡ
һĿ꣡
һ֮󣬴׼˾޸𣬼Աʮ˵ʥһƬһ㣬ħһפӪ
͵õĴܾ˾ǣʼӺ󷽽פ©֮㣬Ȳƽָʧء
еҶ棬һԱⲿʷʫսƬ֤ⳡһս
˶Ƶʥ֣ħǾĴֽһ㡣
һ֮䣬ݻħӪʧߴ״ݻħݵĴ
βĴڶʱڹ⸴ݣ֮ĺݡ
ݻݵħ֮ʥֱħݵĴ
ˣħȻӦ˹
ݵĴȻʼ֯ɢͳˡ
ǣʥû˿ЩħлԵĴ
ħܹصģֻЩ컯ľ
ܿģʥϢʹˣ£
ƺĴ½ƵľõϢĵһʱ䣬ʶ̬ء
߲Ľʹٿ
λʥ֮ͶӰһʱһ
ھͨϢ֮󣬾ڵһʱԼĵģǷҪʲôҪ
һǧʥҪȫ֣ħȫм֮£ĵģ
սĴ½֧ģ
ˡЦԼʶΣԿʼǿв֣ʵǶԣǺ£
£üͷ壬Ǻ£Ǻ˶飬ǵôƻʲôأ
ʱʧĿܻǡ
ķĿ˸һ£Ǹƻʼִˣ
ʮ⣬Ȼ֪ļƻ
ĵ˵ͷһսܹǰӣ϶Ǻ¡
ǣҲӺĴ½Ӹ鲻
˵ΪİзֹĸӰ죬ӸսҶȣҲûǸܡ
һǧʥǳͬĿ컯Ҳ޷ƣֻߣ˳棡֣ص
ȴصЦЦɲֹˡ
ɫһ䣬ѵ
ٴЦŵͷʱѾˣĴƣȻչˡ
Ҫʲôƻչôƻߣǰ⼸λ
һƻչôҪģⳡǰδеıУ棡
ΣЦȻɽۻ
ƣ
ƣ
ɽЦ



3038 Ե
һǧʥĺȻ֣𾪡
Ȳ˵ħķӦΣִܵ塢һ塢һȴڵһʱ˲ӡ
Ѳ˾ĻرУֵĸ塢һ塢һڵһʱ䣬ֹͣһож
׷׻Ϊ㣬ĳ
ĸ߲㡢ǿҲ׷䡣
һǧһλʥֱӲսøֱû˷ĵ
κһԣѹԵ
ҪǣǧǧߣΪʲôԴͻƵ컯
˸ǿս֮⣬컯ӵиƾÿ
ʥһ
һԪҪľʱط˯ģΪսΪı
컯ǣڸһӽ֮ƴ
ֵ
һѾҪûķƴҲţ
˵ӵʵܹѹǣ
ԣֵ塢塢壬˲Ϣȫˡ
˵ģˮ塣
ˮԭ߻ҲǺشɫǊظ֮ɹ͡
õϢ֮Ҳˡ
ˮڵһʱ䶼Ǳˮ򣬾ݷˮһʧӰ١
һǧʥǿƳˮһǳʹĻ䡣
ȻһͬݷĻ֮ǰĺֵܻĸݵλ
һֹͣԴܵľж춼ֹͣˡ
û취°
˭Ҫʱڴܱͱӣ˵ľʧһǧһʥֻɨһǾ͵ó군
һľӣǵͽǿɵľҪĳҲмѰ
оٶȰ
ʥһʥоٶѾ޷óƲˡ
һǧһ˶ѣĳλʥһ¿ռͨһɲǣһǧʥͳſڡ
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˶ڵȣħķӦ
һǧһʥôܹаֻʣħˡ
ħΪߣһʵҲ޷ڴ̲ٳɹġ
Ƶǿˣǹƶߡ
ǵ䲼컯ֹսĽúĴ½ƽ˺ܾúܾá
úĴ½սҶȣ˵Σ컯ǿߣֻȥ
֮ǿɼһߡ
ڴ֮ǰ컯ʵΥĽ̫Ŀŵ
ʥֱӽ˺˷顣
ڲ²⣬᲻˶߳ŭأ
ҪĻкϷˡ
˶еڴ
Щ˵Щ֮ǰھ½ˣƵڴ
ǣ飬ȴǾЩ˵ļһӡ
ħķӦö˵
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ɾһ֣
֪ϣڵһʱħڵľӡ
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ħڲʵһƣѪͳĳ̶ֳϿԾǵʵȨ͵λ
ħڲǽٺĴ½ôˣȻŴѧϰ˲٣ѪͳΣԽ߲㣬Խˡ
߲εħҲˡ
ħУȻħѪΪξħѪħһħħ壬ħ
Щħħħ嵱У㶼ڸλ塣
Щţħħ塢塢ħħħһϵеħħ񣬵λͱȽϵˣڱ֧ħ塣
ʱǰߵħ컯Щ֧ħ塣
Щ֧ħħ񣬴֪ϣžԵȨ
ǣҪøλħ壬Ͳһˡ
ȻһʥѾǳλħħӦġ
Ϊ֪ľϣ˾ӣپħڸλħ¡
ħڲȻϵӣ֮Ȩںļء
ЩħҲʥƽЩħҲû˹ߣʧȥĻ
һսüݣ
ֻһʱĹħھħħԶ
ټɳħ
ʥı棡
ħɳħԴܰħ̽ӵˮߣ̽׾黹ԣ̽ħħ鱨ˡ
ԣħħڴܸոո·Ͽʥڶʱʥǣħʵ
ϹеĻصĴսûϳ֣ħָߣ׼˾ſơ
ֿƣʵиԭģʮ֮ǰĴս󣬺Ĵ½Ȼһε˴սˣҲ䲼컯˽ֹսĸԭ
ٴȥĴ½Ҫ֧飬Ķڣǻʲô
ǵ䲼ı
ԣЩ컯Ĵǣħʥǣһ㣬Ҫơ
ǽƬƸأҪƬػҷ
ԵħħʥʱԤеĻص˴սûг֡
ʥеҶЩ⣬Ҳһ
ҪִսĴ½ѣ
Եѣ
ǣҶһͬʱһĪļϢͻȻؼ䡣
Ǹо౻߬סһʹ޷
֮ʣҶʶĿȴֵķ֣ʥ˵컯˾ʥ컯񽫾ʥҲһģ


3039 Ȳ
УļµĪϢԽԽǿڶ컯ĸӦУҲԽԽ

컯Ϊ֮ļµϢȻ
ͬʱڳ컯ļµԽԽʵϢһʥǷ׷״졣
Ҷ֮࣬ǰҶʥ㡣
컯ڵΪʥУҲһһǿߡ
Ǵʱ˿̣Ҷ濴׺ͲĺˮȻһССϪ˲Ϣͺ͸²˵㾹Ȼڲ
Ҷ澪㵡
Ƕ㡣
ڶʥӵĴ׼˾ľѪʱҲҵĲѪȻҪ֮
Ҷ溧Ȼ
ʲôһλ컯еʥ
˭ƾϢһλ컯۷ӽ컯ĴڵľѪ
⵽ʲôڵ
ϢӵߣǺεȵĿֲ
Ҷ治
ҶȷǣҪٳȥ׼˾ľѪᵱ
ôħħδսʥȳһ
ҵǣʵĿֲϢļ졣
ǴնһֵɲǣѸԾʣƺƵҫķ
ҫķ˵ģǿֲѹһ崺һĺͲϵֻ֣ҲȻɿ
ˣҶ붫ڣڵĺ
УӰѸ֡
һλһλ컨°״멵ߣһλһλϺ۷ߣҲ࣬һλߡ
ô˵أλߵģȥҶôС
ҶĹ۸УͻȻʵλߣƺأȴеĴؼ䡣
ָоޱȵĹ죬ޱȵΪҶƽ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷͷһ뵽һܣпɫ
ѵλ
ҲһɲǣͻȻֵλӰͬʱˡ
Ϸʡ
Ϸ޹顣
Ϸ졣
еλͬʱԱţ򵥵֣ûκһͷΣǿš
һֳɵʥħ֣ûзӦ
ǵӰУûκֵӰ죬ǿȥǿ֮
ȵȣΪʲôܱ˵ɫ˼㡣
ҶӶˡ
ʡֵʱҶ֪λ˭ˡ
棡
λֻڴ˵еĵ棡
ΧɱԼʦ½λǿߣλ
ʮǰǿޱȵʦ½λУλͻأĳ֣Ҷ𾪿֪
ʥħ嵱еħ񣬾龪㤣һǳʵλ湰ּ
ħʥͬʱֻһԭʵ
λʵ
λͻȻĵԴ˲мһˣͷ°ɫң˵ͻȻͷһ̾
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ǰһκ飬Ѿʮˡ෢һ̾
ս𣬶ʮǰĺĻδָν⣿޹ڽ
λһڣһʥЩˡ
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ѵ˵ʥΪλ棬λֱӳͷ
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ף
ڸƾʵͲԴ̨ʤȴֱ˿ƶļҳ
ٲҪһ
ΪɫҶȴ롣
λӵѹԵҪһ֧ڳĸ½֪ơ
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ֻҪ壬ֿħǴ塣
ʧһݴ壬λҲҪϵ
οҲûмҳ
ҶģλͻأдٶΪʰʥ
ʮǰ֣ս˷׷׳֣º顣
ϷӰ˽ֹսĽúĴ½Ϣָеĵٴοڡ
ֻȺ۲ս֮ϷͽĽţȫս
ķַֺϺϣ´ƣϷ޷ֹ
ϷȴӺڴսг顣
ʱڴս֮г飬գͽ
Ỵ̄
Ỵ̄
Ỵ̄
ͬʱ˵ؼ쳹
Ҷǲ֪ģλӰĴ½ʣֻҪΪﵽһ̶ȣܹλӰ
λһʵĴ½ǿߡ
Ȳ̡˿ȴǻӴһ쳹ġ
ֹǺĴ½ЩǿߣĴ½컯ͨںƽգǻè׹飬λ
ƽպͻأֵǳĲ⣬ȴܸܵ̾е˿⣬⣬һԵ£׷߳ţʡ
ЩΪǿܿλӰǿߣȴ׷źʵλӰ
˶֪ҲڴλʱҪʲô
Ҷһʡ޹顢λ棬Ҷ֪λ˾˵Ŀģ¶
ͬʱʵٴ


3040 油
˲Ӻ飬˿꣬
һƺ־Ͽɣ˺һ̶ϴ¡
ԣ˾ԴͨɼߵĻ֮֮֮޲ģΪ֮Ϳ̼
ǵʻصͬʱеλͬʱˣϵϢ΢һȻΪһ塣
λʣ˵ӾӦУȴѾغΪһ塣
ָᵯһɫǻһ˵ĺָɳ
˻֮Ϸ־ǿ
޹ָᵯһͻʹսһĺָɳǻ֮һȴμ
ԸӴջãмҲ
ָһһɫӵĺʹָɳμĻ֮Ը
˵Ҳ֣ɫӵĺļ룬ԭμĻ֮ԸͻȻͿʼڻ
ɺȻһ˲ϢһȫµĹš
֮ɺĴ½ռϷ꣬ԶԶݶЩ࣬ƺڵ֮ȱڡ
룡
һƣλ漸ͬʱһָָѾںϵŹ⻪
ؼϢһ䣬ͷ·ؼֻεĴһǣŸոںϳɳȫ¹⻪ɢ˷ʧ
֮Ĵ½Դ֮϶֮µһΪҺԺ־Ϊ֮𣡡
ȥ
λͬʱָ߳⻪ɲǣӺһĲҺ˲Ϣʧ
УλӰĪĳŵС
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ǣҶܹͨ¾պӦеı仯
ı仯ǺĴ½Ŀռˡ
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޸Ĺ̲Ҳ̣λָ䲻ӿںϳµĲҺ
Ĵ½Ϣڷٵǿš
ܿģ˾ͷ쳣
λָУ˵ָĻ֮޹ָԸ֮ȴڲϵļ١
֣Ҷͷһ
һʱ֮󣬵˺һĻ֮ͬʱ޹ȴûӦ֮Ը
ûˣʵ
ûˣ޹ͬʱͷ
һĻ֮ջڣٴοڡ
Ȼ޸Ӧܹ֧֮ƻһʱ䡣
αֻ֮άһʱ䣡ϣַ֣֮ٴ֮ĸս⵽ƻôĿܻᵱ顣
ʱ򣬺齫ʱ𣬶ʧȥ˺ıӻཫȻˣ
ʱѪͳͽ׶ϾȵĵͳҲ˶Ͼ޹ӵ
ȾԸĿ֮£˿죬ҵһеұ֮Ц
·һʥħ׷øӵĿ⿴λ棬֪λұ֮ȴ֪λӵα֮²򵥡
޹ͬʱ˵ʣҶ֪Ϸˣ


3041 컯ͥ
˭úĶıԵ
˭Ƶ˳ıԵ
˭ҺѪ˭ȵĵͳıԵ
ʣֱӽħһǧħŵˡ
ҪҸ𰸳Ϳָħˡ
Σˣԭǿ֮ƵûƵĴս
ǸҶģĴսƺħġ
Ҫαħ峹׸ĨɱˣƺҲ˵ùȥ
Ȼǿ棬Ҳ޷׽ħĨɱǽڳһǧλħ񣬿´󲿷ֶӲˡ
ħһͷ㷣ǴܵʥǾͰĶˡ
ٴѪ
ҶҲ˼ʡ
Դʲôأ
ʣֻһװˣϾ͸˴𰸡
ǣָһʥħʱ򣬽˶һ
ָԼһ
ǣҲǣһԳΪĺǿߣΪָԭսսȥǿ޼ɵƻźġ
ǵԺģľǵĸһȴѵ˺ǵĸף
λĸ׶ǵޱȰݵģеʹһ֮˵
ǣλĸܹܵʹ޵ģһ죬Ҳ޷ݳǵ˺ʱ򣬾ͻͻȻɢ
ˣʧȥĸףʧȥĸ׵ı֧֣
ˣԲĵĸΪֹս
٩٩̸鼰Ĵ½ЩƽգҲ̺֮Ĵ֮ó
޹𣬡ˣ˼֮˲֮⣬ӸԴֹͣԺĵĸ˺
򣬾˽죬޷ĵĸƻٶȡ
Ժĵĸ˺ԴͷսǶЩԽԺΪ֮긴һһս
Դͷұ
޹һڳħʥ׷Ȼ
սˣ
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Ĵ½˭ף
ìô
˵ǿ֮ս̶ȣܹܵס
ΪΪ̾𣬡ԡ棬˭ս˶ԣֻأ޷ֹ޷ı䡣
ǣ
͵ӣ߸ɱ
ǣЩؾ˳ɾ컯ߣȴܵˣк־ԸԲõĺ־һԻ죬һԻ컯ͥұı֮
ڶʥħֵɲǣָһر챦Ϊ죬ָһıᣬΪ컯ͥ
˵ע£΢΢һףе챦̽ϸܵĽߣǽ컯֮ͥУȥ챦˵ע£ʧؼ䡣
󣬵ףŵĽ컯ͥǽţ˲Ϣڱ֮ԡ
Ҳһ˲֮
ڶʥħע£컯ͥƺһɲߣɢ˷ôһߣƺһ˲ϢΪһ塣
ҶʱҲȻޱȣΪԼԼоĽ컯ͥ̽ĽҶڡ
ҶҪ̽飬컯ͥ̽Ľ⣬ոҶڣʧӰ٣Ҷ̽ҲҲ˿ټ
Ҳͬһɲǣ컯ͥҲΪԣɢؼ䡣
ΪġΪѪʧΪ˵ͳʧ˾Ժ־Ϊ컯ͥΪŦ컯ͥͳϽ񣬱ģ
λһɲͬʱԴ˴δ֮Ϊ˾ͥġ
Ӵ˿컯ͥΪ֮ս
ڷ֮սйߣߣԵߣԿ컯ͥս󣬿ɷ񣡡
սɷ֣λУһ㣬쳹ģ쳹ĵÿһ䡣
Ǻ壬Ǻ飬֣ոտǵˮҲ˲Ϣֵ˼
ھͽħʥǣ׷׾ˡ
սɷ
λͻȻ컯̫ͥˡ
⵱е̺Ϣ̫ˣҲ̫̫ɻ
λݵǰһħʥģǴ죬ʷзӯˡ
Դв֮˿ɽһʵɻͲ컯ǣͷһɡ
컯ͥһ£λ¹ش󣬹غλ컯Щɻ󣬻Ҫĺá
ֻǻǧħʥڣؼһ쳹ء
λ棬պηλж٣
컯ͥȡش֮λǧ٣ְ˾Ʒס޹
ؼ䣬дߣߣպз֮ش
ʵ棬֮սɷ񣬾㶼ףη񣿡һʳ컯ͥĹؼ
η
컯ͥΪ֮֮࣬ɸߺ֮ΪԵ컯ͥԻὫ룬񣡡
ʵĽؼ󻩡
ڶ컯֪컯ͥ򵥣ȴû뵽ǿ󣬲Ƿ֮֮컯ͥɲ࣡
֮ߺλ֮ſɱ컯ͥСϸڣʱȴûжע⡣
ʵ仰ˮըһؼٴδ󻩣ָɻӵ
ʵ棬֮ս˭񣿡
һͻȻѹеʣ쳹Ĵ½ؼ䣬Ҳ˲ϢĴ½ؼþġ
ˣڵȴʵĴ𰸡
֪֮ս˭
ҲδĹؼ
ʱظܡħ񹬡ֵĸ壬壬ؾڵλ̫ϣ״
˭񣿡ǿһ⣬Ŀӵ޹顢ɨŻڡ
컯ͥ־Ƿ֮֮ս֮ʱ־Ȼѡ
ʱ˭־Ͽɣ˭ִ컯ͥ˭Ϳַ񣬽컯ͥ
ؼ󻩣˭Ҳû뵽𰸡
ԭΪλָܻһλַǶû뵽Ȼ־Լѡ
ڶ컯˸̾λ˽ͬʱҲ׷Ķѡ
Լ־Ͽɣõ컯ͥأ
ԼǾͿַ񣬳Ϊ컯֮ͥ
д뷨컯˿ɲһλλ˲Ϣ䣬ʹؼȺӿ
ʵ棬βܻ־Ͽأ
ʵ桭
ָӿʵʱλĿͻһҹ˺
֮ս
УλӰƮɢ㡣


3042 Ļ
λƮȻɢȥֻǧħʥԭҲѡ
Ĵ½е컯˿ҲҲѡ
й컯ͥйطжʡ
ǵȴᡣ
ĻǾԻԥ
λⲻǿ
Ҫ컯ͥ󶼿Էڶ컯ԣ֪ϸڵ顣
ô
η
Σ
컯ĵ⣬ʱֵ֮ħʥɽƵĳˣôЩν񣬱ȻԱ
ڽ֮ǰ˾ֻˣƴȫѡ
ǽ죬λһѡ֮ʣߺ֮
еɻ֪
ǣλֻһߺλ֮ķţܹ
⵱еɶˣλ棬Ҫ˭֮û
֮ûȵȡ
˵ɻֱ޷
ǵȻԶȥеɻˡ
е컯˼Ƶ⡣
ʱλȥ·Ͽյħħʥ֧ûԤײһ
ҺȻͷ֣ƺúܹ졣
սأǲս
淽ŵľǰͷʣսɱ⣬ͻȻûˡ
Ƭ֮һ·˼̻һ㣬Լͬģħħʥǣͬʱˡ
ʱս
λ֮ս֮ĵһսûԼ
ħħ񣬻ʥ˻ȥ
λͻȻϢ̫ˡ
컯ϸڣս
ҪӦӦԡ

ڸ׷˶ٿʱ֮ǰʧλ棬ȴֱʥؾС
У͵õ˷ּѾؾУʳֵɲǣΰݡ
ȵĴƣȻʼʵʩʲô뷨ֱӷʡ
ڵأһ˼⣬ͻشʦ𣬾컯ͥͽ֮ǰ˽⡣
ͽģַߣⳡ컯֮йؼеĹؼܹҵַߣֻҷַһϵܹΪӮҡ˵
Ϊ˭пַ񣿡ٴʵ
ʦҪ־ϿɣҪʵҪԵˡ
˵һ룬ͻضסͻʶԼʦԳ棬ǲܵ˵ϻġ
ͻȻ䣬͸飬ٴߵ׵ַ񣬻ʦָ㡣
ʻ˵ͷеԡʵַߣȿֱָָˣȴ⡣
˵⣬˲ϢͷӦ˹ʦָǱߣҲҪȡһְ
Ȼ
һ£ǲ߻׼꣬ʵʩҲֻˣ⵱̺ľ޴Ե
ַߣ컯ͥдԵ˵
Ե
ĸ֣˲ϢͼˣʦеĴǷͬһ㡣
㵱ȫᡣʿ˵
ǣӵȫߣһְ˵

䣬ʸһְߣֻ˶ѣĶֻ֣ףٴ˵
һ˲ϢͷӦ˹ʦ𣬵ˣӵҪ֣ߡ
ʵ˵ͷ
ͿԷ컯ͥ컯ͥȥײˣʵֻǵ˵˵ѡ
ֶͥԼá
ҪȻ潨ͥԼ
ԣλǱߣ컯ͥһ£˶ֻһְȴʼ޷ȷ
޹飬죬ڴ¶Ǵ粽ãҪ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣ߳һңôպܾͻһΪ
Ȼ˵컯ְͥǧ٣ͨãְְͬȨҲͬ
η䣬ڷС
ϣλòգֻͬʱ˲
̬֮˭ɵõ־Ͽɣ˭Ϳַ
ʵϣַߣֻܳңֻܳλ״֮С
컯ͥ㷨ţȫԸλǰ컯ͥһӵָɳѸٵĶͷ
ͬһʱ䣬ͬһĻʥɽ֮ţ


3043 ս
ڣ׼˾ٿһ񼫸ߵĻ顣
εȨǣǾѪ㶼
׼˾࣬һӰӰ֣ˣϢͿӦӰڲΰݵ
ϯĻ飬һڲľ߻顣
񲻻ᷢκȴ֤һξߡ
ӰϢʹ
ǴܻҵĴϯһλ顣
ֻͨ¹شӰ켫Զľߵʱ򣬲Ż֤Ż롣
˵һλ飬ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣδ
ѾڽУȴһֱûн
׼˾׳⣬ҲһλĽ㡣
һǣλҪ컯ͥУҪʲô̬ȣδ컯ܴͥﵽʲô㼶ܻҪҪһ֣һ
ڶǣλԣɷ
ֻҪ컯ʱֻҪߺλţͿͨ컯ͥ
ôˣʥôѡ
һ⣬Ҳһǳеİʥǰ⡣
ʥΪͬ컯һӵƾõԪĳһ춼սᡣ
սҶȻ컯ĲΣδʥܻս
ôЩʥ֮ǰҪҪߺ֮λ£أ
£ʥԣǳҪ
Ҫ֪ʥڴ֮ǰԪ֮ʱֻѡ˯Ϊûѡ
ڣȴһ·
⴦ãڲַܶѡ
ҲΪԭһεĻ飬ҡ
λֶΣֱָġ
һҪ컯ͥľڲپ޴Σ
ⲻܵʥǿ»Ĳȡ
ǣ˭
ܲܲһ֣
й⣬ڲչ˼ҵۣҴҲۡ
ΪеҲ⡣
սԪľһ
ǵҪҪ·
⣬һһ£ַʸ񣬴ܺһҪȻϣ̫󣬵һҪ鱨ԴҪȫϡ
ʵǵڶ⣬ڶϾ;˵һ⡣
ԷҲǱɵܶ࣬᲻һ壿
ǰߺλ֮컯ͥǲζҪͶλ£
ǲʵѣ
νǲһն壿
ַ֧ҲǼҲųɡ
λҪ컯ͥٲҲȥԻһɴ
ô£һҪԼ񣬽컯ܴͥӦԡ
컯ͥĳôʱҲԳƷһ
Ҫʥ֮󣬲컯ܻͥᷴ亦
һҪ۵ǣʥˣͳ׵ĴˣΪʲôһַʽأ
Ҳб޻
Ǵ׼˾ҲǳΪѡ
£ȷʵǳȡᣬǱɻǼɣųĵɡ
Ϊˣ׼˾Խ¾һˣľ
ľЩҶϣȻȡС
Ҫ֪һǷǺڼףңΣ׼˾ľǡԸ
ս֮ʱֻԪʱѡ񳹵ʥԼѡ
ѡʥԼľҲʥǵڣҲʥǵأ

ܵɻ󣬺Ĵ½ɻ͸ˡ
ħ塣
ǳͬĸɻ֮⣬пһ⣬λҪ컯ͥķһ£ħ壿
һڵħ壬ǳҪ
Ҫ֪λһ̶Ӱ쵽־λħһ£ôʹħѾˡ
ħպ󽫲ߵݣǺ壬ܵų⡣
ǲǶħԿܲһϢ
ħڲûʲô硣
쳢ԡ
컯ͥӲǡ
ܣҪħս컯񣬻Ҫ뾡취ַһ¡
ͬ뷨ģһһ壬塣
¹ش󣬵һж̫ʣֻڹͬʱгԡ
ڸ屻һ¸Ĳϲ֮ʣ·ʱӪڣ׼˾ٴ¡
Ҷ֪ħħʥ֮ս£Ҫˣ
˵еķ֮սҪʼˡ


3044 뽨
ħħĳ֣ħڵһʱסˣħħʶ̫׷ħ̫Ӵƿʼ²÷ߡ
ʵҲλе
һʥ
һֱڽݸԭǣסħɳӣʵҲӦʥĽ
ʥ֮ǰսУȻûǸ˼ùľֻħʶ̫׷ħ̫Ӵˡ
ͬʱ⼸ʱ仺壬ʥߵĴܾӣҲʼռݡȫ·Ҳռ˴룬ʼֱפء
ǣγһȮΡ
սֵҲ˴䡣
컯Ĵûвս֮ǰЩ׾ǵĴ򷨡
ڶ컯սսƾͳױˡ
׾ӱ컯פػֻ߱Ҫʮϵ컯СӵͻϮͿڶʱڴݻһ֧ߴＸʮĴ
ԭħħʥҪѪƴһġ
λһγȮ֮֮ħħҪɢפħĸӪ
ҪȻʥٴͻƣ״˲صĻħȡһ̶ȵʤҲ̫
ͳκĹĵ򣬿Ļס
ħħǷֱפأʥҲ÷ֱפء
ٵΣʵһġ
ܵĴк󷽿޷Ըʮλϵħ
ԣʥǣҲص÷ֱפأ׾ӡ
׼˾ٿ֮󣬽һǧһʥֳһʮСӡ
СӵĶӳȨߵεģÿСͬʮ˵ʮ˲ȡ
ڶȨһʮʥͲӦķ
ҶߵЩΡ
ԭҶ֧Ӧ컯ڵʥΡ
ǣ֮ǰҶ汣ס˻֮λ
Ȼ׼˾뷨Ҳ޷ԽҶΪ֧СӵĶӳ
ȨϵִƴȨĻֻά
գҶ֧ߴʮ˵ʥСӡ
³Աʥ£컯һ컯ʮˣҶ۷壬ʮˡ
ʮ˵еʥԾ޻ϵͨʥΪ⸨ϵʥľϵʥϵʥһ޿ռʥһĻʥһƻǿսСӡ
ܿģڲ׼鱨֧֮£׼˾͸´˸ָ
Ҷ֧СҲ쵽
ͻϮλںϲһħӪ
Ӫפʮħ࣬λȴЩҪħĺתڵ㡣
鱨ħÿʮҵĴ䱸һλħӪħĿǰפصħӦʮҡ
׼˾´ǣҶȫӪפصħƫ٣ôȫɱ˶Էħͬʱ̶ȵĸħ˺
Ӫפصħƫ࣬ôҶ֧СӵȫסҲϧһдɱ˶ħħ񣬸ᡣ
ִСӳʮӡ
ɵڶȨĳһʮ˵ʥ֮̽׼Ŀ꣬ȫشħħ
ƾĶۣҶսԾԣ׼˾Ķе㼱ˡ
ٵСģӢսУ鱨ֺ֧ʵȷǳҪ
׼˾İţеײ˵ĳɷ֣Ҳ֧Сãһͷȥܾȫû
ҶҲ׼˾λʥ˼еԭ
ԭֵĸ塢һ塢һԼ壬컯ʱǷǳġ
ҸʥӲƴ
ʥǶԪʱ˯ģǳĲ
ڣ濪£൱ڸ˸컯һ··
ǶʵϧҲ̶Ȳǰģһҷִսˡ
Ӧģʥܸѹ
һã⵽컯Χ
ԣڶʱڽ
ڷ֮ǰʥ뽨ȡһĳ̶ȵơ
ңҲҪǰһһµʵ
ô㣿
ܼ򵥣ս̽
컯ս֮󣬵Ǹʲô
ߺܻ֮ܲ컯ͥıӻ
ЩҪڵһʱõ𰸣ȻʵսԾ
ԲŻڲִټ䷢
ңһս䣬ѷǵз
ڼжϣҶ֧ʥСӣǵҶָӵġ
һʮ˴Լһʱʱ䣬ִ·ݽħפӪǧ⡣
ʱʮλʥҶڣھԼϢ
Ƕĸε߶ԣͻϮԶġ
һСɱħ׾ΪʩչΧͨĶӻǣȡʱ䡣
СϵһСĿ֮սʥעԷ컯񽫾ħлᣬѰشԷħΪҷս
жǰҶսǰ䣬ǷӦȴҶЩΡ
ǰҶӪһӽһûҶ档
ڳʮʥУÿһʵΪ䣬Ҷǿࡣ
ҶϵĻҶܺնɱħҫЩʥǻӦһΪǿĶͷ֪ˡ

ҶҲΪ⣬һ֣ʮ˷ֳСսλӸ˽ħפӪ
ʥٶȼ죬ǧľ룬Ҳʮѡ
жոտʼҶһСӽ嵽ħ彭פӪķ
һ޵Ϣشǰһ컯ϢȻǰӶĳ֣ͬʱħ·ľӪҲ˼Ľʼĵɢ
ʥͷһħפӪڣи֣һλ컯񽫾ĸ֣ҪȻ˼ʱľ
˲Ϣ䣬ħӪ˰ʮ컯ϢҶһʥɫ΢΢һ䡣
Ⲣûʲô
֮ǰϵפص컯ħܱʥࡣ
ͬΪ£ĿǰʥսҪǿħħġ
ֻʮħ񣬻ʥӦΧ֮ڡ
ڶʥݵģȴħħһλ컯񽫾ħ
ħħӵλ컯񽫵ħ񣬶ʥֻһλ
һ鷳
컯֮ǰսļ죬ʱȻûôʱ䲼úӦ
֪˵ûǹȻɱħͷλ컯񽫾ţħһŭ𣬰ʮλħħʹžĲɱ˹
ʥȻˣЩʥǾþսģսޱȷḻ
ѹָӣ͸ӭսȥ
һȣǷŭ컯񽫾ţħʥҲҶɱ
Щ컯˾ڻ۷ʥʱӭսλħħ񣬼͡
Ψһ⣬һλħ컯ڵħʱӭս
Ҳһ˲ѣλħӦսҶԲԶһλ컯ڵʥХһӭȥ
Ҳڴʱո컯񽫾ţħսĶ㣬ͻȻתͷλʥʾ⡣


3045 ʥб
Ҷϵãλ컯˺ڵΪ¸ҳħ񽫵ʥϷ磬һʥ
˵ʵʵԸλħڵ񽫣ǳǿ
˵ϷǱƴ̬ȳȥˡ
ҲڴʱѾţħ񽫽ֵ컯ʥͻȻתͷĿ΢΢һƳʥϷ磬Ҳ֪괫˵ʲôϷĶôһɲǵͣ١
ͣʱ̣ܶڷʥսϣʮֵԡ
ǶƳһ֮ԭҪ񽫵Ϸ磬ξͶһ
ʥϷôһɲǵãԭλ񽫵Ϣ˲תƵ˲Զһλħ컯ϡ
ϸ΢ı仯˿ڳʥȴǶۻ
ҶҲ˲Ϣˡ
ӦǶ㰵˰ţϷȥԸħҪ񽫡
Ҫ˭أ
𰸺ԣʥᶼѾҵ˶ֻ֣Ҷ滹ûж
˼ӦϷλ񽫣λӸҶ档
ҪսʱҶ鷳
ʥϷܲ׶˼ҲһɲǣϷĳǿҵ
˽ǻһ𲢼ս֮
Ҳ׶˼Ҫħ񽫼ħ֣֮ʰҶ棬Ҷһǽħ֮ɱҶ档
˲Ϣ䣬ʥϷ˾
ϢһתʥϷ񽫣˲Զһ컯˾ħ
ħ񽫣һʱû˵ˣҶ׵塣
Ц⸡֣ҪĽ
ҶսһõĽҶսһ㣬Ҷ汻شɨأ֮λ˳µûû̫Žˡ
ͷˬ֮࣬λţħսһˡ
񽫵ϢͻȻҶֱײҶ΢һȻҲ˲ϢͷӦ˹
Ƕڸ£ҪҶ档
ǸϷʥȻֱ϶Ҷ棬ҶͷЦ
˭˭һأ
£Ҷһ
ҲڴʱһŭҶ治Զ𣬡Ϸ磬ʲô
һ컯˾ʥһ˪ŭһƴһƣȻħħתӭ񽫡
ҶȻ
Ȼ
û뵽˻Ϻһ֡
Ҷȴ⣬û뵽ʥȻͣ˸˰Σ汻ӵҶӭսλ񽫡
Ҫ֪һ徫óϹħйϬ壬ҲħеսǿΪ塣
λΪֻ컯ڵʥȴ¸ޱȵĳȥ
Ҳ
ЦУһλʱûе˵ħбһ⣬նҶ档
ħٶȼ죬컯˾ħӶûУҶ棬Ҳ⧲
ִټ䣬Ҷ΢΢һһ۶ܾͻأĸ֣ˮڵ΢΢һ۶ܾĹţλħնҲݺݵն˹
飡
Ȼ޴УҶ۶ܺˣնϵ̺ľ޴ȴҶĵɶ
ͬһɲǣһ˪֮ǰӭսħ컯˿ŵҶ棬ɵôϲ
ҲκζؼͶرų˿У޵һҶ档
ħһ츳ܼͨǿһϣָطͨ總֮֮һϮѶԸ
еʥ֮ǰȻΪʵԭôҶ棬ͷʥȴҶ档
ҶСӣ㿪
㣬
ʾһһһһ
ŹҶħüͷ΢΢һ壬նû˵Ҷ棬⣬һٴ׷Ҷķ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ˱ΧļΣյľ档
λħΧҶ³֪
ԶǸһ˿Цûн꣬ͱ
ʱʥƫ٣սֱȽϱʥԮҶ棬ȴ޷
һλҶȽϽҶֶûסʥȻƴ˶ħһչλħҶΧ
λħֻһӣ˿ֽһ˿ܣλʥĹλʥȴΪԭ򣬱ĶִѪ
ҶȻ֮ʣ𺳣
ΪϷľٶǳƵҶ棬鶸رü
սϣ˷ŭģԱѪģȴսѵĸ
Ҷ˲Ϣ͸ı⡣
ҵѪ𣿡
ҵѪû䣡
Ƕ㣬ʥʥ
ŭ߳УһɢŻͻľ޹سҶС
ֵɲǣɱӯ졣
ʵɱ˵ͷһǵϮ˿һ˲ƺɱĵһ¡
ҶĶȴûͣ˲Ϣ乭£תһǳɣ


3046 һ
װһλֱҶɱħ񣬾ײɵһֱײҶһ䡣
ŴλħһҲǾŶѡ
һ˳Եѡ
ֻǣҶǱ޹ɢɱʵЩˣͷһֲõԤС
ټ죬ħǿӶ
ۣ
ħԴһıԴ̺ǿԴԪ񣬱ɱ֮£˲ϢС߳ɡ
ֻʣ²ȱԪħˣһеĸо
ˣ
ΪҶеľ޹ϣֻ˸ΣϢĹ⻪
ֻҪҶٳһԴͳˣԪرͻ᳹䡣
һ˲䣬ħĻ繷
Ĳû˹ء
ǣҶħľս֧ʸûмʱѾˡ
ΪʲôħѾûʱȥˣʱ˿̣Ҫλ
ӣΪܹҶòļһ
ĿǰֻսУʧȥԪ޴ʵµħ׳Ϊʥǵս
ͻȻ䣬˷֮ǰͳ˧ǵһͨԺɳԺλ֮Ϊħ
ʵ棡
λħķߺ
һźһšʡֳڣһмͻأĳ֡
ֵɲǣͼ侫׼̽ߺħǲȱԪ֮ϣħȱԪ񼸺һ˲ͱһ㱡Ľ
ʱһͻأԭʧֻʧʱȴħȱԪ顣
вսħʥ⵽һĻ
ͻأֵĽ⣬Ӧ֮ǰų컯ͥĽ⡣
ĳֺʧأȫԽڶħʥ֪ǳֺʧûκβһħʥ֮⣬κθӦ
Ҫǣ֤һ¡ħħҲΪ컯ͥܣҲ
ֺĵħ񶼿ô塢塢塢壬ӦöΪ컯ͥܣл
Ȼ˵˶ܲǲĺá
컯ͥԽħħ񣬴弫ش
λ컯ܱͥеĶҪӣȻħ嶼ա
Ҳֻ֤˵һν񵽵ô£˶
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ϾħħҲһȥ
˵ô࣬սֻôһɲǡ
Ҷһɱħ컯ͥħĲл֮֮ǰΧҶһħħĹ䵽Ҷϡ
ħһ츳ͨ˵ħħֶκ޵һ˿УһմȾָĴֶλ˳ԴԴĺ뱻ߵڡ
һ޵˿˵ҶǱħΪǿ컯񽫣ҪԴ
ۿҶ汻޵һֶһλţħ񽫴սĶǸһ˿Ц
ҶС֮ǰĻ
ֻʩֶΣսϡ
Ҷӳ죿
ѹܡ
컯񽫣㲻£ȫ߶ͨطпܽħٿһȱڣӳ죬Ȼʩչͨطɱħ
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䣡
ǿҵĻ沨͵شԶö㲻ɵٴλͷۿ
Ļ沨̫ǿˣǻö㶼Щľ
㣬Ҳ˴Ļ
Ȼͷɲǣ;ˣ
һͷӰǱըһҶΪı˷
֮޵һ׷ױٻɻң
̫𣿡
㵹һ˲ϢϳǽӰ
ؼ俰ƼǿĻ֮һ̫
Ƕһ޻ϵط컯񽫣֮ǰҲֻԶԶĽӴ̫𣬲ûù̫
󣬶Ŀ⼯ǱĽӰ֮ϡ̫Žȣ
̫֮Žڣ̫
óۣ˫Ŀֱ𣬺޲ھͰ̫Žȸ
̺̫̫ŽǵУԻӷǷ̫ŽȶԸ컯ǿߡ
ֹˣܵõ̺д̫̫Žȣڻϵطϵ裬ֻҪΪܹһ¥
˲Ϣ䣬͵ó˽ۣսһҪõ̺̫̫Žȡ
̺̫̫Žȣ̫Ҫˣ޻ϵĶңǷ
ѾսҶԸ⻹ǲԸ⣬Ҫû̫Žȡ
ԸգԸ⣬ߣ
ҶɫԪ⣬ǳޱȵĿ⣬
ҶʱȫĶԸħ
̫ٻ֮Ҷʱչ˷˲ƽ֮䡣
ħԥû뵽˿䣬ûиֵ֮䡣
һ޷ݵҶڣҶĸӦУƺøһ㡣
Ҷ֪նɱ֮־Ľ
ȻҶӦ־ĽʵǷǳСģҲҶǿ߲ܸӦϸ΢Ĳ
ؼ䣬ͬʱСȵѪꡣ
ͻȻ䣬ؼѪʢ
ȴǴսУһʥռŵħλħͻϮ֮£䡣
λʥԪݿյɲǣʵлġ
ֻһɲǣЩãһ£ûк֮䡣
ڴͬʱ֮ǰŭ߳Ϸ硢ӭսħ񽫵ʥһ˪ҲʱĿܡ
컯˺ڵΪӲ컯ڵħ񽫣ǳļѡ
ħ嵱УǳĹǿᡣ
ֻҪһչͨطĹǵһһ̲ͣ
̶̼䣬һ˪Ѿ˱״̬
Ҷ漰ʱ֧Ԯ޴ʵ֮£ʥһ˪ֿҪˡ
Ҷʱɱļ׵ƶɵ񹭣ӵвش񽫵
ǣй⻪תһһصܣģҶ䵲ġ
ҶΪҲɹļŭλ컯񽫾ȡ
ҶһȻƵ˳̶ȣ˲Ϣ˾
ŭ߳һħһǾͱʥһ˪Ҷ
ɶӣȻҪȸɵҶвĳӡ
񽫷ٱƽԼҶ治㣬ͻȻһָ
ĸӰͻأĴҶǰ֣ĵɱɫ䣡


3047 ©֮
λսͬʱ䣬λ񽫷ʹļ
֮£λΪж˲Ϣơ
ħеһսǿ󣬵ȴǵ͵ĹƤ֡
˲Ϣ䣬ͱҶشҶûжͨ
ڳ𾪵ģȴܣ
ڽǧٿףȫû˲˵ֱҲȫ䱬һЩҪǱ俪Ĵ󶴡
ֿĲ֮£λʵͱȥ˾ųɡ
Ҷ˲Ϣǰɲǣ̹ӿ񽫾Ȼƾʧˡ
˭ӦǱҶˡ
Ȼһλ컯񽫣ҶʵǺεȵײУ
ħ񣬻ʥһͷ𾪿֪
ţħ񽫴սĶĿһĻҲǳ𾪣
֮࣬ʶĻͷҶһۣҶĿԣԡ
Ҷ˿ԵĿ⣬̵ö˫Ŀʹ𺳣ҶĿĿ
£ҶҲҶԼλ䣬ȫս
£Ҷ滹ˣ͵ģǿ
룬ħħʥսͣмѻǣһСģ͵군ඡ
ԶãжĿܣýˣֻӲˡ
Խһ֮һսħħܽ
ʥһնɱħ컯˾ħʮˣ컯񽫾ħһˣ߾Դˡ
ʮλħУһǰߺ֮ٳֵĽߡ
֮£ʥͱȽˡ
ʥֻˣˣǴʤ
λʥУǰߺ֮Ԫǲл㱻ٳֵ컯ͥĽߡ
˴
Щ컯ͥߵħʥ֮󣬳һʲô״
᲻ͬһռ䣿
᲻ٴδ
ɻڶսʥͷʱ˿̣˶ĿҶ档
ʥ㣬ʱ˿ҲֻܾĿҶ档
һսҶֻе۷Ļʵ˾Եš
ΪնɱĶʮλħħУʮλֱҶҶµλսС
ʣµʮλնɱħħλҶսС
˵һսĴսҶλսɵġ
֮ǰʥҶ棬ΪҶϵΪ
һսеʥģս֮࣬ھĵȴҶҲ˿㡣
Ϊڴ֮ǰΪǿĶ㣬ʮʥʵϵĹǡ
ֻǴ˿̱Ҷ档
˵ʥϷЩš
ҶһսˣôΪҲ׷
ϾֻǸ컯ˣȥӭս컯񽫣Ҳ˵ùȥ
ҶĺúõģϷͻȻ͸оͷһѵ
ܿģҶ˲á
λ˵ʥ˵ʥǣʮλ˵СӶ·ѾҵħʽĹһ飬Ѿʼɢ˵ħӣħħ񣬾͵ȫɱ
һʥһɢʱ͸Ѱҷ򣬷˷
Ҷѡһ򣬴λ伲׷ȥ
ɲǣҶȴ۶ȥķ
Ϊ컯񽫣ǲҪӵġ
ֻ˵Ϸ磬ȴȥ
ǵľٶǽҶˣҪһ¡
Ϸѡһнż·ħʱֺŻкɱ
Զóһֻĸݣ˲Ϣ伤
Ϊ컯񽫣ʱ붫˾ϵȨޡ
ʲôˣ׼˾ӷдϵģǴ׼˾Զص
壬ǿܿˡ
ˣʲô˼˾ΪϵΪǰ߽飬û뵽ȴûͷûԵһ䡣
壬ǸҶ̫ŽȣȻܹ̫ҿԸӦ̫Žڣ̺Ӵ̫𡣡
̫ȷ˾ĺ
壬ҿȷĲԶҸܵĺҶ̫Žڱ̫ƷʣЩõһ̫ƷʣҪϲϡ˵
Ǹ̫Žд̫ѵûвȡʲôж𣿡׼˾
Ϊһʵƶˣǳ̫Զҵ壬ԿöҵʵǶִ컯ʵսһηԾ
ԣŸҪ塣
ܹͻƵ컯أ
壬֮ǰȷʵ㲻ֶζȡ̫ŽȣСӷűֳսȴû֡
㽫Ҷ֮ǰһսıֻ㱨֮ĸݶĴ׼˾Ĭ¾͵ʵȷʵͬһ㣬㶢ҵϢ
ǣ
ոջش꣬ԶͻȻͱһħϢ˶Ϸע⣬ö۾һ©֮㣿
ԥģμ׷ȥ
ʮϢ֮ȫ׷ٵѾ֮ʣ׷ǵħϢȻ׷ˣöüͷ
ͻأģһ΢΢һ˷ĿռޱȵĲУһռƾɣ˲Ϣ䣬öϷʧȥϵ
ã


3048 һС
ֱ˿ռϷ粢û̫ţԴո˵
κˣҪԸһλ컯컯ˣҪصĴۡ
ϷþսһʱȻϸռڵΣ׼ڵһʱƿռ
ֻǣͻȻֵһӰȻԶԡ
Ҷ棿
Ҷ
㾪֮࣬ϷĿ
һ㻹治£ǽҶսϵı֣ȴöɵ֡
ҪҶսϱֳޱǿʵսɾնɱһλħ񽫵ĻʱֶδҶӵ̫̫Žˡ
˵ʵҶ棬ûжٰա
ʱҶͻȻ֣ǵУȷ
ڶ㿴ǿҶһѣҶ治û
Ϊ£ֵøǶ巭塣
κҪӵдʥĶ巭Ҫ
Ҷ棬Ǻ⣿ɫһϢڣԶϵҶͻȻ֣֮࣬ȴǸӵĽ䱸
⣿
ҶЦЦȻо

Ϸ˶һֲۣԤеĶ߳ľҶ棬㵽Ҫʲô
Ȼҵľ
Ҷͷһȵˣó಻ɳӣǼЩӺսڱı֮ͽˣھУһɱһһ˫
ҶɱȻȴĵʥ飬ľӣ
Ҫҵľӣ׼ѾȫӪˣҲڵǣ
˵䣬ҶָһҵλսͶظ֣ıɢɷ񹭣Ͷָǡ
Ϸɫ˲رɷףɫҲѿޱȡ
ҶǶǳǵĵħ壬ҶʱɱֻԼϷŵ
Ǻҵԭ򣿡ҶЦ
ֻǡֻҶʵѣ޺֮⡣Ϸ
ͣҶ˹Żš
Ҷ棬㾹ȻɱңҪˣұ󣬿Ƕ壬ڣ㻹лͷʮֵ侲
ҿǵĺ
ҶĻϷٴδ󺧣ʵҶ֮ǰֳľսϷʱѾӶˡ
ʲôаȻսʱӺһͬŲĿ
Σ¾ˣЩͬҲûΪš
Ҷ֮ǰˣһɱħĻᡭ
ҲڴʱճҽĻ⣬شӶ˿ռĳ
ͻΧ
ŭһͳǸ
˵ʵսö˿ѹûиҶսģԶѡͻΧ
ֻҪӳռͲҶ滹֡
ֻǣѰһĹ򣬶Ҳûҵռı
ǰ⴦ռǿķͬһ㡣
Ƕȴû̫ʱȥǣֻѡһķλͻơ
һ˲䣬ͽӵ˼£鱦֣ػܣԼ
жһɲǣռڣʱȼ˳ޱȵɫ⡣
˲Ϣ죬Ҷλս顣
ǶϰһطֻҪлϵԪĵطͿ˲Ϣ

Ȼ뿿ɱҶλս飬ǲܵġ
˾٣ֻңΪȡƿռʱ䡣
棬Ҷ滹λս飬ûж
̫Žһ⻪΢΢һϮ׷̫ͣͣŽǰһ޷ͨոһ
ҵλ䣬񹭹£籼ף
ԤĿռսڣϷһӡ
ûκ
¶һܽӽ鱦ɹصɱ֮Ҳûκá
ֻǶ൲˼ѣ
ʵѡһʼʹˡ
ϷֱѡҶƴҶ棬Գŵĸãз̵Ŀܡ
Զ̾䣬һ˽ͷӲӦеܣ׾ͻᱻش
ȻһеǰҶ治ֶΣʱ䷨ǰ¡
֮󣬶ͱ˵£λ͵õ˷Ըľ׼£Ҫмʧ
ƣǱİԿǣΪ˸ش
ҶʵǱȽҪġ
ϷҲû
ϷģҵĶˡ
弸䱬ˣֻʣһԴţֻҪٳһԴҲҪˣҪԪӡ
ɲҶ棬˵ûˡ
Ҷʱ֣ͣϷޱȿ־֮࣬ͷһҶֻҪûеɱôӦûһ·
Ҷ沢ûϷ磬ߵ˶ǰأЩʺʧ㡣
ʵڶֵһɲǣҲҶ˼ĳռ죬ҲȫոС
û뵽ǣռ̫ˡ
ȫһռȻ˿ɵۡ
Ȼ󣬾ûȻˡ
ƹصսϣһѡ񣬾ҲûĻˡ
мƷռ鱦Ҷʳ˱ʡ
֮ôʣҲǴ˺ϷƵ뷨
ҶɱǵĻᣬȴûɱǣѡشǡ
öģҶҪݺݵĽѵǣҪɱǡ
ϸ˼˽Ҷһ֮⣬ƺҶ֮ûʲôȥĿ
Դʱ֮££ҪȻܾҪˡ
̹Ҷָ˵ĶǳģֻڿҪʱ򣬶һ
ҶֻҪһѵҪɱ
Ҷ滹ڼɵĶ壬Ͼʥ˾ͷɲǸǵġ
ԣСƶʱ򣬷ǳɡ
ҪȻԶ޻ϵط컯ڵΪͬھֶΣǲٵġ
Ƕɣһ˲䣬ɫͱˡ
ΪҶһ֣ոΪ˶ĺѪȻҶռһУһβʣ
öɫ÷ǳĲ԰ס
ٴжϴˡ
ҶԸƺĿġ
㡭㵽ҪҸʲôɰͰ͵ģʱ˿̣С׿ƵĶ㣬ͬھֶΣ޷ʩչˡ
Ȼִоඣ
ȻִоͬʱһһĸĿ꣬ľѪ
㡭㡭㵽Ҫʲ㳹ױˣû˵꣬ͱҶսռڡ
ҶתͷϷ硣
ʱϷ磬ѾŵһĻŵˣеûˡ
ҶҶ㡭㵽Ҫʲô
ޣҲʲôһС飡


3049 
һᣬԴᱬ᳹׵ʧȥȻԪͻݳ
Ȼʹĸߺ֮˵ûиᰡ
ҶĽϷһһģߺ֮ҶҪʲô
Ҫ񣬻ǣ
㡭ҶҪɱңǣ㻹Ǹһ·ɣϷЩ㲻ס
·ΣͿˡ
Ϸ˵ͷʱ˿̣ѾЩҶ˼ˡ
ԼΪǰҪһ£һ£ҶӦҪ
һɲǣҶ΢һʥϷԴʱ飬Ԫݳ
ɣ
ϷԪսսĿҶһۣͺһʵ棡
ʱ˿̣ҶѾʥϷϢƵռС
Ҷĵһ飬뿴ν֮ռûá
˵طҶռڲãҶͿһˣ෴ģܣҶҪСˡ
ϷԪ֮Ҷ澲ĿͷգͷЩš
컯ͥĽܹռڣӰɾͷͬһˡ
һϢҶͷŵʯȻء
ûг֣
ϷĺУ֮ǰںĴ½Ϊߺֵ֮컯ͥⲢûг֡
֤һ㣬Ҷһ
žĿǰԣλޱǿռҲǵֶܽġ
㣡Ҷȵ
ĽŹϷҲǻ˳õմ
ʵ棡
޹棡
棡
Ϸ罫λͳͳ˱飬ռڶûκζ
Ҷطһ֣ͽϷռ֮⡣
Ԫ׼û
׼ˣѾǿһա鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ˵
Ҷͷ֮࣬ſ˶ϷԪĿƣٺɡ
Ϸܱߣ֪ǻطˣҲϻǹĺ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣϷ絹ɹ
ΪֻʣԪģҶһҲͷ
ܹ컯ͥĽߣ˵ϣ
Ϸٴδߺ˵֮
Ԥе컯ͥĽⲢûг֣ϷЩʧ
Ҷȴ˳˼С
һ飬ҶƲ顣
ȣλνķ֮Ҳ컯ͥûô졣
ӦҲֻ鱦Ҳ鱦ļ
ҪȻЩߺ֮컯ԪʱҲûκˡ
ǣ컯ͥȻ鱦ƷӦò鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪƷס
ԪҶΪԭֻƷ鱦
ָ֮ȻƷ鱦ĳ̶ȡ
֮컯ͥƷףӦòᳬƷ鱦㳬Ҳ鱦Ԫ
ŵĵڶ飬ϷڰԪĿռҲڰԪĿռºġ
컯ͥθӦ컯ԪģҶ治֪̫ࡣ
Ƿ˿ռ䣬ô棬޷컯ͥҶͷԺķԣ˲١
룬Ҷеðյĵ顣
Ҷĵ飬ղСԭϷļΪвϷԪ컯ͥĽߣȻϷ翴컯ͥǸʲôĹ⾰
ᱻ컯ͥôã

ȵҶ˽컯ͥʵ
ϷͨķһϢĻǼֵ̫ˡ
Ҷ滹Ƿ뷨
Ҷ뵽ģ˻벻
λ벻˵̽ܣ
ֶֹֻҲͰˣһСλĿ䵽ԼϣǲǴ鷳
ҶڣҪʱ䣡
Ҫʱͻơ
ҲΪԭ򣬲˽ϷΡ
Ҷļƻ϶ԣֻ˳ѡ
ԶҪϢҲֻһ˳Ľڶѡ
ҶĿģǶһľѪöһľѪķԼõĸʱ䡣
֤ʱ̣Ҷ漫Ҫʱ䡣
ΪķҶ治̫Ķʱռ䡣
Ҫ׽ķҪ˾ıԴѪ
ĿǰԣҶ滹ûжԸ˾İա
ʵҶ֮ǰĿ꣬ԭ׼衣
û뵽һͷײ˽
ȶԣѪӽ˾Чá
Ҷܶж
Ҷ֪˾ֶܹṩٶҵѪܹҶ⵽ʲô̶ȣ
һɲǣҶ˲Ϣʧʱռ䡣


3050 ֤֮
ռڣҶǰƱȭͷһųдɢڱ⡣
Ǵ컯ʥԴ֪֮ĶһıԴѪ
ⶫıԴѪڣȻϼֻϵϢԵʮǿ
Ҷ˽⣬ⶫǿȥߺ󱲵ٳһλǿߣôһѪҲпܳΪ̫ͨ壡
ʵҲ̫Դ֮һ
ϳĴͨߣͨѪĴнͨһһӳ֮ʱ𣬾ͷǳǿ
ʵϣĶһ壬Ѿ񣬶ҵѪϵһϣȽǿ
һһŶһıԴѪͱҶ˵֮ڡ
֣һŶһıԴѪ͵ȥ
̣
֬ε̿ϱߣ⻪ʢһžѪȴǲͣ
⻪УѾҪҶԪҶԪ֮ľ룬ʼ
գҶԪԼһ⾰ҶͷĪһɣԪ֮ǵľ룬Ҷӵеʱ䡣
Ҫ׽⣬Ҫ׼˾ľѪſԡ
Լ˰굽һǧ֮䡣
ҶĬĬĹһ£ĶһľѪԼԽҶڵʱٴƳٰ˰굽һǧ֮䡣
Ҷ֮ǰ°˶һһٶϵѪ˵óľѪҲֻķʱƳ굽˰ѡ
Ѫȷʵǿ
ȻԽǿߣԽǿѪԽܷӳѪǱҲԭ
ȥ֮ǰǱ޵ʱ䣬Ҷڵķʱ䣬Ѿһǧ֮
һǧʱ䣬ͨ߶ԣһκܳʱˣ㹻ˡ
ӵʱռҶԣȫ֮£Ҳʮʮʱ⡣
ʮꡣ
һĿ꣬һҲֻǶ˾ˣõ˾ľѪܳ׽ˡ
ʱڣҶֿıչǱˡ
꣬ʣ´öϷˡ
λҶѹûǻ뿪
Ͳ˵ˣ񱻳ȫѪʣ²ƵԪ
ԭǿԷһ£ںҸû˵ĵضնɱһλ컯ʱµѪ꣬㹻Ҷһˡ
룬Ҷ滹ǲðˡ
ڴƣôֻӬͷСѡ
ʥϷ磬֮ʱ֮Ǳ컯ͥߣǾĻ·ˣȻûߣȻҲûл·ˡ
Ϣ֮󣬶ϷԪ񣬾ҵλս˼һɱ
ٴνʱռڡ
Сʼɣ
ã״ˡ
СӦɲǣطӿҶڡ
⵱еĴ󲿷طҶѾˣֻһҶûеġ
Լط
һλ컯񽫾ڵȹ׵طǷǳɹ۵ġ
Сʱתģ֮ǰսҶشλħħ
Ҷǰͷ֣ħ壬ҶطõĿꡣ
ɱһħ񣬾൱ɱҶջ񼫴
֮ǰҶԶħռħֵʱ򣬾նɱһλħջ񼫴
Խλ񽫵ʱҶǿܵġ
ʵϣڿ񽫵ʱҶȻҪԳֶԸ񽫡
񽫶Ҷôһϵջ񣬾൱λ񽫵ջ
ֻǶˣԸҶ治ɣҶʰˡ
Լʱ֮СϣλħѾԪ
СоôûͻƵĸӦҶʵ
״ˣҸоҵѾ㹻֤࣬ͷԡ
ҵѪУյľϵطߴʮмصһλϹ񽫣յľϵطҲǶʮѡ
ǣûҵͻƵžС˵
Ҷ֤ôҶ湲СҲ֤·
Сǽˮ¥̨ȵ£컯񽫡üʮλ컯˵֮ڵľϵطѾһ˵ĳ̶ȡ
޷ͻơ
⣬ҲҶĿǰٵ⣡
ʱڣҶҪĿֻһ֤ͻƵ컯
֮ǰʦַյ˵֤Ҫľǻ
ˣȴûпͻƵĿܡ
Ҷ񽫵ٴγһ£һλ֮ܲͻơ
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λҪ컯ͥսҶȽɱɱ
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ǽһֻҪ컯ȡʤôħĴپҲûκãվӲɱͰˡ
Ҷ򺣾ҪΪô컯εսУȡʤάֲܣпܡ
ˣǱޣ
ҶĻأĴŽͷֱҵλս飬ٴδϲߵлȻȥʱռЩԸ
˴ԸӦܹǵٴ
ʱֵգҶѾʼ֮ǰԸ׼⺣Ըתʵ
ôˣǵһתĿꡣ
Ըܹǳֱӵǵʵ
ЩӣǰǰÿҶעԸѾǧΡ
˵ϢҲһĽҶƣһԸ˵ʵӦܹͻƵ컯˾ڡ
ҶԼҲʱռ䣬ʼոջõط
طУľϵСϵ̫ŽȵڣϵطȻҶ滨ʱȥֻҪλӡ֤һ̵ʱ½õط
ˮϵطУӡҶ漫Ҷˮϵط÷ɡ
ʵϣطУҶҪľǽϵϵģʱ̡
ڴ֮ǰʱռǰٱʱһ꣬аꡣ
Ҷʱ䷨ҶʱռӦãһεõ˼ǿ
ǿȣԼһ
Ҷļӳ֮£һ꣬ʱռڣꡣ
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һ죬ʱռھ죬൱Ǳ˴ʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ɹˡ
Ȼ˵ּӳֶҶҲжĸȴǳҶռ䷨
һδʤħħҶʥ´׷սΣһ֮󣬱ع飡
ҶʱҲæ͵С
һ죬ҶʵѾ˴ʱ䡣
һʱգۼ׷ɱħʥǣ½Ҫʱڻع顣
ʱ޹ˣҶ֧Ϊǿ컯񽫾ʥ㣬ûлع顣
κϵʽҲûлӦ
һλ컯񽫾ʥʧ¼
Ϣڵһʱϱ׼˾˲ϢȻ󲨣


3051 ܻ׽
ʧ
׼ڣõϢָߵĴ׼˾һɭȻ
Ϣʧ㵽սˣǱºָˣ
ʵϣҶ֧齫컯ʥʧһ±ȥʥսµĵڶȨʱ£һʱͱ˴׼˾
Ƕ컯񽫵ݣǶһݣǵڶȨܹģֻϱȴ׼˾ָʾ
ֻǣ֪ģϱʧϢʱ򣬴׼˾յڼ
ղصĶĻˣ
Ϊʥ̶ȣƾԸˣǶһڲȴл򣬲ר˿ء
ֱӾô׼˾ʹ顣
컯񽫾ĴڣǷŵĸ壬һĴڡ
ͻȻŶһö˾βŭ
׼˾ϾǴʥԶǳܱȣܿӦ
Ҫ֪⼸붫йصһУ˵ÿһ仰ÿһ£Լʧ֮ǰж켣
ħЩúͱ仯ǽ֮õĸħӪħħ
Ѳ˾Ҫ··ؼеһҶȵԪз档
׼˾һ£ʱҪϵڶȨͨŪˡ
ǺǿģʥƿҲǺǿģҪȻҲᱻ׼˾ΪڶȨ
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ֻʧô׼˾Ӧڵһʱطϵ֯Ѿȡ
㣬Ѿˡ
ʲô
õϢĵڶȨʧɫһλõ컯񽫣ôϢ
ҲɻĵطѼйص鱨£һҪҪȻʱǵôĶ֪˾˵
˾һвҶԱ
˾ǿģָսΪָµ
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һѲûͷϣ׼˾ҳķ
ȷǸʱûиӦ컯񽫻컯ǿҶȵ˾ٴѯǰսĵڶȨ
ûС
شĺܼˣԶ֮⣬ҶȵսǻܹԼӦһġ
ҿ鱨ħ弸λпܻܶħ񽫣㶼ǵĽȫ֣ûþѪԻȥĿܡ
һͳ˧ħħλħм̫ȷҵ˽⣬λħҪնɱ㣬ҪһĴۣҲϢġ
ڣֻֿܣ˾˵
ֿܣ
һжġѹʵľǿߣ͵Ϯ˶㣬Ҫﵽ̶ȣƵǿߡ
˳ö㲻߷ɾ֮ʣֶɱ˶㡣
ֿܣ˾Ŀʵ
ʱ򣬷鱨Ĵ׼㣬ѾҪٵ˺սľѪ֮ϣڶȨ
ˣһֿԣ̫Сˡȱǵ油֮ǿߣҲײս
ħ񹬵֪ϣħݼĴ֪Ҫ붯һλ֣͵Ϯ̫Сˡ
ħһĴڣɾͲǾϣܺġ˵
ǵڶ֣˾ʵ
˵ͷҾĵڶֿԴһ㣬ҪȻĵħǿ֣߳ԪĲ΢ҲضӦ
ǻ˭أֻһأ˾ʵ

һʱ֮𲻳ˣˡֱԣǵڶֿܣֿܵˣؼҲ̫ࡣ
ۣ죬ͻȻ䷭͵Ϯ֣ҲϢնɱ֡
˵ʵĿ꣬벻һ£ֵ䣬Ҳ
Բ˾شķǳ϶Ѿϰ˶˾ȨҲʣͿЦ
ˣ˵ʵҵ˽ԣȥܹϢĴµˣʱûлĿꡣ
ģҶô
ǻҶ棿
˾ÿɷֻڵȴĴ𰸡
˼˼Ϣشˣڴ֮ǰʵ˻֮㡣
Ҷ棬֮ǰսдʣ̸ڽսϣµλս飬սպա
һжΨһնɱһλ컯񽫾ħ񣬾ҶµλսĽ
˵ʵҶս飬ϣʥսϣֱɱһĴڡ
˵ɫͻһ䣬ˣ͵Ϯ֮£Ҷλս飬նɱֵĿܣȴ޷Ϣ
зռ鱦ֻоͨռͨطأ˾ʵ
⣬ɫٴһ䣬ˣˣܡ
Ҷµһ֧ʥеĳԱҶµսսޱƳ硣
ҹۿ͹Ӱֻ۹Ļ˺κһ컯񽫿¶ܲǵ䡣
ǣ벻ͨҶôĶʲô
ʲôҪɱµĶأ
ǶȨĻⲻ̫ܰɡ
Ҷնɱħ񽫣ȻȨѹҪɻ
׼˾ǰһ򣬡鱨ΪĳЩԭڽսʱܿҶһΣǵóѣΣҶ
ΪҶԴµıΪɻ󣬡¾ģԭ򣬻ڰɣСǼ
Ϣ붫һжʥϷ磬ҲˡϢˣ㲻еɺ𣿡˾Ц
ˣȷʵеɺϣǣһƲ⣬¾վסţҲʺϲȡж
ٿ˾Ƴһ򣬡Ҷ棬ʦǶһĳңңҵҪĶ
ϸĿüͷҲˣû뵽ҶʦȻǵĻ˧ҰİĻɿɾͳɱɱˡ
˵鶸رüˣԸɡ
Ҫģ˾䡣
ܻ׽üͷһ壬ˣҪһЩţܻҪһ
Ҷնɱ˲ħħд󹦣һʥǣǵã»ĸý
û⣬ȫķ㣡׼˾ɭȻ


3052 
ҶȽơ
֤޽չ
˵λڵطҲ֮նɱô컯֮Ļ£ҶյķĹģѾ޽ӽ컯񽫡
֮˵޽ӽΪҶ滹ûдﵽ컯Σ컯񽫵״
ǣԶһ컯˺ڵûġ
仰˵Ҷ֤ôԸҶڼ̵ʱͻƵ컯ΪԴﵽ컯˾۷壬ͻƵ컯񽫵Ŀܡ
ҶĿǰ״
ǣ޷֤
׼ȷ˵Ҷ֤żûţңҶ滹֪ԭ
Ҷ滹ĲǷԡ
ҶżҶģбҪٳһʱ䣬ȥλʦеļλϸϸ̽һ֤⣬¸һۣҲҪǵָ㡣
ȻҶģйλҪ컯ͥһ£Ҫλʦֺú̸һ̸
Ǵ뷨֮Ҷ͸ˡ
߲
ʥħħȫս֮սʵ̫ãûдﵽԤеĿꡣ
ʮ֧鵱УҶ֧ĶǿǴʤ֮⣬Ķ飬СʤСܣ
նɱĶԷħ񣬼λڣشĶԷħҲʮڡ
ѷʧսȡ
ڶȨʵһٶλʥǽˣնɱħħʮλشħ컯λһλħ컯񽫵ƣûֶΣϰڶ޷ָ
ԭսҪѷɫҶ֧սģҶʮ˵ʥ飬նɱħҪģնɱһλħ񽫡
ֻҶ֧컯񽫾ʥʧ٣ս˲١
ȻսλˣҶ֧ʵȴڶʥ
ս뽺֮󣬵ڶȨҶÿÿᡣ
ϲǣҶ֧ʥǣǰҶ棬ҶµλսгʱԶ̾ɱ˲ս
ĿǰʥԼԼҶ֧ʥΪʸģͦǰƽ
£ҶҲֻ߲ܲϵսսлۡ
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ħͻȻڳ꿤ħ̫´
һħ񣬲ͨʿ
һʱ֮ǰħʮλ컯˾ħһλ컯ħ£˶Գ꿤ǵͻϮ
һʼ꿤ǵ򺣾һֲ
Ϊ꿤פص컯ˣֻλ
Ҷڻڵȫ֧֮󣬷һڵ컯Ӱǰлλ컯񽫡
ڳʮλ컯ˣһλ컯񽫻ħħĵһϮ
˫ûħ컯䣬Զԣڳ˵
λ컯ˣʱ֮ڣ޷ٲսˡ
Ҳ컯鷳һˣָ仺
ռŵħħʧҪٵöࡣ
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ҪЩڵӼʱ֣ħʮλħŰ֮£Ҷפڳ꿤ǵ򺣾¾ͳˡ
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ԣפڳ꿤Ĺ죬ŷԮļ
Ҷ˼Ҫȥ
ʵĿǰıʵԸʮħħһλ񽫾ħѹûκ⣬˵Ǻɡ
ÿڳ컯񽫣ʮ컯ˣĿǰҶ컯ʮˣ컯һλ
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ЩҪǿȥ˵ѹûκ⡣
ҪǻǰҶֱڵ컯ӳˡ
ڣҶȴԥˡ
ڵĿǰҪã
ڵɿ
෴ģĿǰԣڵǺܿɿġ
ǣ컯Ĵڣ컯񽫣ɲǴײˣƾðġ
һҶð컯컯񽫣϶ķעĿ
Ҷһܵѹӵô컯
ֻһ룬ҲķĿĿⲻɱĻ
ô˶ῼһ⣬ҶЩ컯ģ
һھмı¶ܡ
꿤λڵ컯񽫣ֻһλ֣ҲΪԭ
Ŵ๦ͨмѰġ
ȻͬĹطǳ࣬һû⣬һһȺĿͻ׷ȥ
ڵԴɵϣǿɾˣȫȫ
ҶԲԸ⿴ġ
Ҷ֮ǰҲû뵽λв֮٣úڵ컯ǿ߿ĳˡ
ԭСģ컯֮ս˴ģ컯֮ս
²սڱ¶ĿԻɱӡ
ԣҶϾ˾һҪϼڵ컯˵عʣתķע
õİ취Ҷȥ
Ҷ۴ĸųɻȥ
Ŀǰ£ҶҪأõڶȨ׿ϡ
ԣҶ͸ڶȨһ˵顣
յ֮󣬵ڶȨ˼һᣬͽϵ׼˾
ˣǧѷĻˣ


3053 ֮
ڽӵ׼˾֮⼸죬ڶȨһֱЩϻ
żϻ
׼̵ҶϣҪҶܻ׽
ڴ׼ôˣִֻ֡У
£ѶȺܴ
Ҷʵսʵ谭
Ҷսʵǿ󣬵Ҳǳԡ
Զ̾䣬һʧȥսԾ߱˽λֻս֮ս飬Ը̫ˡ
ֻһϢܻ׽Ҷ档
Ҷǰնɱħ񽫵ս⼸գҶҶʥսϵļ⵶
⼸յɱУҲֻҶҶնɱһһħ񣬸Ļѹ
ʱ̣˵ǶԸҶ棬ǵڶȨҶһ̫ĵ¶еʥĿ
Ҫ֪ͳʵʥܵͨʿȫһˡ
սر𣬸ҪǣЩʥǣÿһ֮ܡı㣬һǲľٶĿ¾Ҫɢˣһϵе鷳
ħ컯ͻϮ꿤ǣᡣ
󣬳꿤սʥսУ׼ǵڶȨظĹġ
ļٵҶյظ֮һ˼⣬鷴˲١
ڶȨĻظ꿤սʥսеĻ͸¶Ϣͺ˼ˡ
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ĻôҶĿǰٵ⣬ȫӭжˡ
ҶĿǰٵ⣬һħͻϮ꿤ʮλħ񣬶Ŀǰľ£ɵ컯ܱ¶ࡣ
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֮ҶһɵֱڶȨפص·ݳǡ
ν׼ָҶ׼˾ľѪǻ
ҪĻһһأʲôˡ
Ҷżת
Ϊ컯֮սͨսһ
ͨսҪокڡҪ޽ӪݣҪʱ䡣
컯֮սֻҪиսƻ˲Ϣܷ
սƿ˲Ϣ䡣
ǵˣħħȫڵ컯ȫֶڱ¶ֻ֣֮Ǳ³꿤Ǳơ򺣾˲أһҶ涼Ըⷢ
Ȩʩ֮ҶڵһʱѯʣʴȨ׼ѪʱںδҪ£ʮ𼱣ǵ鲻á
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Լ˰ӣһתӦǻš
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𰸣ҶͷĻϴܣʮ𼱣Ȼ顣
Ȩʮ𼱰Ҷ漱
ҲһεģϷҲ֪ǡҪһ˳鿤ٶȣҲǰʱˣ׼һڵһʱš
ã
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˳ĻӦðʱͿԽˡ
ҶӦصҽ飬дһʣ׼ο̵ʱ
ãлȨ
⣬׼ȻǾѪǰȫ棬ҲҪֻǴ׼ľѪ£ҲȻ󲨣սִ䡣
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ף
ڶȨ˵˼ܼ򵥣ʥһĸҶ·ҲǼල
׼˾ľѪĿǰʥе߻ܣֻ˵ڳ鿤Ҷ滹治һܹҡ
˴·ҶҹȥڼලҶй¶ܣΣ׼˾Ѫİȫ
Ȼ˵Ҷ滹֪Ҷ治̫й¶׼˾Ѫλãǣǹأ
żǴܵУĸʮһǹأ
ǾȨ찲ţ
ã
ⷢһ򣬼Ϣ֮һʥͳҶǰ
ϢȴҶ΢΢һһλ컯񽫣


3054 
λ컯ʥƽ䣬ڶȨĽ˵ƽ׼˾ļҶȥ׼ľѪǺʲ
˵ҶȻСèпռ䴩ˡ
Ȼ˵Ϊ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪԭҶͲ͸ռ䷨һ̶ʩչռŲơ
СèԣǲԶˡ
ⷽ棬СèȻûͻƵͨ츳ͨ۷ǿߵĿռŲƻҪǿ
ΨһźǵĿǰΪֹСèûҵͻƵķ
ѪƺСèͻ֮·ˣ
СèĿռŲͨȻ컯ʥƽǰͲˡ
˵ķŲƣһ㡣ƽ仰࣬ȴ͸ǿޱȵš
ŲУҲ֤һ㡣
Сè츳ͨȻ컯񽫾ʥƽȴܷǳɵĸϡ
һŲߴ֮ƽصŲˣǷɹȥ
Ҷ˵ͷӦÿ쵽ˣСèͱóȭͷСصҶ滳ҶֻǸ컯ƽС
ƽ컯ѹǸСèѹ
еķ򣬲ǳ鿤ǵķ򣬲ҶҲʥפصӪأþڿǣпڿܱߵصص㡣
Լ˰ӣ컯˵Ϣشǰ֣ס˶˵ȥ·
ʲôˣվס
·ģλʥӦ׼˾ľѪŵĻ
ƽһԲĵݳƣеڶȨķ
֮󣬿Ҷ棬ҶȻǺϵĵݳԼơ
Ҫ׼
Ҷͷ֮һλʥڵûκ⣬أǲܶⷢκѶԱǿҵȨǵͽá
Ҷƽٴĵͷ
ãȻ֪ˣǾɡ
˵λʥǰУҶ컯ƽλʥһλ·ʥҶ컯ʥƽеල˼
Ҷе㲻
Ϊලʮ״һλ컯˺ڵʥȻҶ֪ǵˣҶһֲȫС
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ƽҶɲǣƽ˫ӰһãݺݵİҶĺҪ
ֵɲǣ񱩵컯Ϣͬŭһ㣬˲ϢҶ棬ֱҶ¡
Լõһ컯ʥƽֵɲǣԭһǰһλ·컯˺ڵʥҲͻȻҶΧ˹ȫƽ֡
˲Ϣ䣬ͽҶе··ˡ
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ǰĿҶ棬ȷʵǿ˵Ĺǿ䱾Ϊǵ۷ѡ
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ҲǴ׼⽻һҪССģ򲻿ɳκ⣬Ŷ෽ų͵Ϯ̡
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ͬͬʱոʩչݵҶ棬ͱƽʩչֱ֮ӴӰбƵĵ
컯ƽ䣬λ컯ˣ˲ϢٴҶ档
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һͷӰظ֣ҵ̫ҶΪıոճҶ컯ƽλ컯ˣȴһ̫˸š
̫ʲôĶ޻ϵͨ컯ƽ
ˣ
ƽǾŭӡ
ǰҶ棬ʱ䷨һľϲȴ̫һθϲ
̫ǰ˵λ컯ˣ컯񽫣ҲӲӡ
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һ컯˲ҽӳ̫𣬻ڣһ컯ˣ򷢳Ĳҽһ˲Ϣ䱻ޣֻԪӳ
һĻøոմ̫˳컯ƽɫ䣬ĿҪеĻҪǿĶࡣ
ƽ˲Ϣ˾ϡ

ԣҶȴǸһ˿Ц볷ˣ
˷ռ΢


3055 ı
ռ鱦
Ϊ컯񽫵ƽ䣬ڵһʱ͸Ӧ˿ռ쳣Ĵ½ĸӦϢ˲Ϣʧɫ÷ǳѿ
Ҷ淽ű̫һɲǣ컯ƽȻл׼˾
ҶСӾȻʱ䷨򣬻ڵ֮鱨̫ؼˣһҪϱ
ԣƽҪ
Ǵʱ˿̣ƽȴֱҶ淴סˡ
Ȼһռ鱦ĿռʥƽΪ컯񽫣Ȼǲµġ
컯񽫵ʵƽţԿ̵ʱƿռ
λ컯˾ʥһѾûʱƽ󣬾Ϊ컯ƽ뿪
ҶͻȻֵ޹ĸӰȴ컯ƽͫһ
λ񹭵սֵɲǣƽ͵һʱ˿ռ
м䣬ɫӿƽżһͷһ㣬ͼڵһʱռ
ΪƽһҶµλ俪ʼ䣬ûκĿܡ
ʶҶ棬ЩҶսսȴ׹
˵֣ⷢҶ澹Ȼᴫ˵еʱ䷨
ԣƽĻ·ġ
Ļ·ͻҶµĿռͿӳ죡
λ컯Ҳ֮ĸ컯ƽ
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еĿռһײĳûг֣ƽеĻ棬һǽ
ײڿռ֮ϣ岻ȥűһǽ
컯ƽϵѪɫ˲Ϣʧ˲Ұɫ
ⲻܣֻҪǺռ鱦ס˵ƽһѵ졭
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Ҷҡҡͷһ֣ƽϮ£̹Сȴǳ˹ȥ
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Ǵ׼ţɱң׼һŹġ
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Ϊ֮󣿡
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ͬһɲǣһⱬҶȥеϢȻʧ
ҪҶô֪ʵ¼򵥡
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ֻҪ˾ϸ飬ͻᷢս϶ҶǼ£еʥһޱ¡
ǴϷҶһնɱĶһɡ
Ҷ濴Ҳһɶѡ
Ҷģƾһɣ˾޷϶Ҷɱġ
ߣ¶ǶҶ棬˾Ӧû̫ɻҶ档
ȻԸҶˡ
ڣҶ淢ˣ̫ס
͹˶˾ĺɱ͹Ļһ㡣
˵ʵ˾ǴʥƾΪ鱨ΪҶ֮ʣȻ֡
ųôһ۵ıɱ֮֡
˵ʵҶ浽ᶼе¡
λʥҶ汳Ҷ汾ܵ˼֮⣬ҶѾ컯ƽĵ֮ˣ
Ҷʱ䷨̫ҶҲûãʱɵƽĵ֮
ڴ֮ǰҶ澹Ȼûз˿쳣һȫ˳£
֣ǿııɱ֣֮
˾֣ҶĶ֡
Ҷģ֣ļƻҪȻҪԴ


3056 ˳
ɵڶȨ֣֮ҶԼԿ޷İϮɱҶ֮٣Ҷʶ˶˾λʥı֮⣬Ҷʶ˶˾ǿƣ
ֻǻɣûκʵݵ£˾͸ɱҶͷϹĴ
ǿԵɼһߡ
ҲҶͷ˾ӡ
ʥ棬ǵ˴ʥ˾棬׹Ѿ̫ˣдƳ¹ʯ쾪֮١
ԣҶ˼άҲñ䡣
˼ҶĿǰΣó˼Ҫ㡣
һҶĿǰǱҪ뿪ʥתġ
ԭжһҪԮ꿤Ҷ׼˾˺ˣҶҪʥڣôΣգǵͷһѵ
뿪Ҳ뿪˵Ҷῼǵĵڶˡ
뿪
Ժ뿪
Կ϶£ҶҪö˾׿˳뿪ʥǲܵġ
򵥺ֱӵ뿪ǾҶһԵ뿪ʥԼԮꡣ
̫ˣڼʶ˶˾ǿֶ֮Ҷ漸Կ϶ֻҪ˾ͻϸָñӡ
Ӫͬ档
ʱ򣬶˾׾ٵһ£ͿԽҶĵˣܵ档
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ȻҶصĸҲûãԶ˾ĿǰǿƣֻҪסҶĴͿЩ
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˼֮£ҶΪҪ뿪ʥԣҪ˳
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ڶȨڵͼϵָһ£ס
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ϢȴǻϢһһ
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󣬼ʥϢ鿤ݵľʱǳ̣ȥ鿴Ҳûκջ
ţԶصĴ׼˾һѶ飬ƽĻȻ飬䡣
ϢõڶȨȻ
ʥ̶ȣɶȾʹˣΪغԪʥͲ»
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İţ컯ǿߣҲҪܴأɱκһλ컯񽫡
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׼˾ķӦ죬֮ͨ̿£˲Ϣˡ
뿪ʥ˳뿪ʥ˺
ԣӦǲ˺ҪǸ˺ϷֻҪ͸Ѵûʲô𡣡
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뿪ʥǲǷŻɽ𣿡
ʱ򣬶˾ѾҶɱˡ
ҶκɻκҪҪ뿪ʥת߻Ԯ꿤㶼ȫҵھܾŭҲν
סԲܷ뿪Żɽ֮ԶصĴ׼˾ڶȨ˷ǳȷ
õȷָʾ֮󣬵ڶȨ˼üҶ˽
һμҶ棬ȻֻǼһʱڵڶȨУҶѾȫһˡ
ڴ֮ǰҶȻǻսҫۣҲˡ
ǵֶκֻҪţͿҶ泹׵ĳ١
Ǵʱ˿̣Ҷ棬ȴһֵֿĸо
Ҷ棬ǸѾǿԳ֮Ϊˡ
ҲֻǿѣҶӳ̶һ߶ȡ
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شȨãҵ·ϣ⵽˴ħħƽƽʥλʥƴϺƴȫնɱλħֻֻӳ졣Ҷһϧ
һϷˡ
ҶڣڶȨҲëν޶֤žˡ
Ȩû׼ľѪǳ꿤ǱͻħħϮʮ𼱣Ԯ꿤Ҷֱᵽ¡
ҶҪʥֱϷûȨҪʾ׼˴׼ķگжڶȨĻشǹʽҶϵˡ
Ȩʮ𼱣Ȼ׼ɳʥ֧Ԯֻֻ뿪ʥǰ꿤־񡣡Ҷ˵
Ҷ˻һʥսСָӣ룿Ϸ׼֮ٴӳ顣ڶȨĻش𿰳Բɳ֣һ֡
ԣҶȴ̾һȨҪΪ˽ԹٹඣһħƣôܵĶ򣬽᳹á
ڶȨһƤЦⲻЦģҶ˵ЦˣϷһڹ£˵ˣϷҶԹ
ʱʰҶ棬ڴϣԽҶġ
һ㣬ڶȨǳģ
֮£һ˿⡣
ҶȴȨִҪ뿪أ


3057 ֮
ִ뿪
Ҷ棬ڶȨָһ棬һƣҶɡϷɣִҲϷʹ
ִִη
ɣսʱߣѹۣ
ѹۣ
ҶЦȨ׼ΪҪʰңǲܲ˴ܵİΣˣ
ڴǰ֮ϣΣ֣׼аšϷִɣκһΥɣϷԲŹһϴǡ
ԣҶЦĲ뿪Ҫͼˡ
ԴˣڶȨֻ΢΢һЦ˵ĬϣҲϡ
ǣƫƫԸ
ڶȨ˫һ̯һţ⣬пܣ
ûд׼׿ϣҶ뿪ʥȴǰΣ
ʱһѶѶݵĵڶȨɫһ䡣
ʹ
ɻ֮࣬ڶȨʱ´⣬ͻȻʥּڶȨҶּ
ڶȨͻȻȻ֣óȥѾµʥּˡ
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׼˾Ҷ档
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ΪʥȨǵӰ죬ѾúܵˣʥּΪʥҲֻҪΪǡ
ǣν͵Ӱ죬ʵǻʥ˵ģʥּʥȺӰ죬Ǻǿġ
ΪףʥģڴܵģʱҲΪܶս
ʥǲʥּǺ⣿
ңڶȨ벻ʥּҲû취
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ǸžܾôҶұ֤һͻʧȥʥָȨ
ʥּʹŴܵȨʥҲ⡣
ʥּ˵ĺףħħͻϮ꿤Ҷȿ̻طס꿤򲻿ɽħħͻƳ꿤ö
ڶȨûκξܾĿܡ
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ʥּҶ΢һ֣ﳤȥ˲ϢԶݡ
ȻڶȨкʱɫҲѿޱȣܱһʥһ쳣ȴ֪ʲô¡
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⽫׼˾Ĳᡣ
һĹѾ룬ҶļƻھҶܵļƻ˵ò˼죬Ϳʵʩˡ
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ݣڻʹ֮УǽĹѪͷ¾Ҳ˵֡
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˵꣬ʊ¡ĲлͿŊʵʶɶˣ
¾˼˼Ϣʊ¡ʩһ񣬡лָ㣬Ӷˣƽ֮Ҫĵ֮


3058 ٰ
Ҷ뿪ҶµʥСӣǳźͲᡣ
ΪֹҶµ֧ʥСӣ̶͵һ֧ʥСӣ⣬ĪʧĶϷ硣
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ֻҪǶǰߣһ֧֧ɱƿֲ䣬ͻشħħ
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෴սһֱı׼ս֮һ
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սʥһķǳ
ȴûҶôʹ
ԭֻһʥûҶλսɱͱ
һҶµλսȫ俪ʼǿֲɱͱ¾ͨ컯񽫶޷׷
кڵ컯ɱͱܹ䣬ǣȴûǵľ׼ٶȡ
Ҷ治ֻۣλվһʥ䣬൱λ컯ȫʥԷǣΪס
벻ɶѡ
ٵģȴجΣ
Ϊһλ伯һˣħ컯񽫺ڵħܲˡ
ԴʱҶҪߣһʥ᲻á
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ο⼸սУҶµλսΪˡ
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˵ʵħ̫Ƿǳڴġ
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ħħռоԵơ
Ҳ־Եƣħ̫ڽһƿ꿤˺ܵĶŻ
ǣʮλħոճڳ꿤Ͽյĸǿӭսĳ꿤ʮλ컯ɲǣգͱǵصĺɫʸ͸ˡ
ǵء
ǵɢɱħ̫¼Ϣ
Ҷ棡
Ҷˣ
ͻϮ֮£Ҷ桢λսȫ֣λħħɱѪ١
ͬһɲǣҶµپĿ޼˾Ҳ
Ҷµٿ޼˾ǹˡ
ڴ֮ǰٿ޼˾Ȼ䣬в컯в̶ޡ
컯кڵǿߣǼʮϵĿ޼˾ȫ䣬пشɱ
ǣҶЩ޼˾ɱļ׵͵֮ǵսǳɱ
ʮһСӣÿʮλ޼˾һĿꡣ
ʮСӣĿ֮£һоħħ񵱳ɱʮһˣȻû䣬Ҳˡ
꿤ܳսʮλڵ컯ӣҲǳзġ
Ϊͬʦֵܵˣһһȫ֡
Ҳʲôء
˵ģն˵
Ƕ̶̼֮ڣħʮħ񣬾֮
콵Ѫ纣
ħλ컯񽫣ֻǽһҵ䣬͹ϵĴΪħˡ
ú󷽲ԶŴ׼ռ꿤ǵħ̫£ֱˡ
ֱһеĸо
ʮλħôܰ˵ô죿
ħ̫·Ӧڵ컯ӾѹָĴͨһйȥĿ޼˾ħи߼١
ûʲôĵֿħ̫´ʮҰܣ򺣾β׷ɱ


3059 
Ҷصִﳤ꿤һս͵նɱħħʮһλնɱħ̫¾ʮи߼㡣
ʮһλħħ䣬콵Ѫ纣ĵ컯˶ޱȵľ
ôħһʱڼر⣬¸ԶҲܹӦ
ͬʱҲĴ½ı˾ӡ
ħֺô꣬ıûн룬ħߣȻѾ˺Ĵ½־ĲϿɡ
㲻һֲϵĴܣ
ƾˣսķȻҶ汨ȥսȴҲˡ
Ҷ汨ȥ컯սʮλ˴ˡ
ҪǣҶ¿ƴɱλΪֻ컯ڣȴӵ컯ɱս飬ˣ
սȥظϧѡ
ΪҶµս飬ս֮һ𣬻ָͷǳ鷳ͨ컯ĸѡ
սˣôҶµĴɱͶһˡ
ңλս֮£컯۷ĴڣҲҸֻʣλǾͲ˵ˡ
£ط´Ҷһ̶ȵĸı䡣
ԭطҶҶʤ׷׻Ǽħ̫׽
սȥط´ҶûôˡҶħڹţħ̫ɨ߾
ʥּº͵Ķ࣬ҲҶ֮ͨ
ҲҶ汨ôսʵĿġ
ʵϣ꿤һսҶλս飬ڵ컯ٿ޼˾ͥɨѨһ㣬ɨ
ħʧأҶⷽûʲôʧ
޼˾ҲΪװҶƵñƵۼ֮˵Ĳ٣˵һûС
˵λͬװۼ׵սˡ
һûˡ
ȫ鱨
ΪʲôҪ鱨أ
ҪҶĿǰĴ˵ˡ
˵ʵҶ浱ݽܴ׼گʥҶ滹ű֮ĵġ
ǣ˾˽̫ˡ
ʥڣҶѾҴˣһˡ
˾ڶȨ֮ǰƣҶɵޱȣڹŹһȦ
˳꿤ΣٻȥϺƣҶ滹ûôɵ
ңҶ滹һûף׼˾Ϊʲôӳ꿤Σأ
Ҷģ˾ʥӦܴ֡
ǳ꿤߱ħħˣôʥħʶ̫׷ħ̫ӴƵĴкã
һħһ·ͻܵľƣֻ㣡
ǣ˾Դûκΰš
˵ʵһ룬Ҷ涼²ѡ
һ죬ĻᱻƣǺ롣
˽Թ˽Թ¹شܴĴ£
ҶһξĶ˾ʥڴϱߣЩʵ
ȻˣҶҲֻѡ·ˡ
еأ
ʵҶҪǷҪǲһдۣпܳ׻ħ̫֧ġ
Ҷȴûг׻
ϱսһڸԼһǿӲޱȵĽڣҶҪڱ
ֽڣǴ׼˾ٷگҲûκá
֮ҶӴ˿ֻһ̶ϵɡ
ңڴܵʥҶԼ뷨
ܵʥոճλǲ죬Ҫ컯ͥ컯
ҶЩѾ˼֣λΪʲô컯أ
λҪ컯ͥĻ컯ͥǴèСèֻ͹ģҪ컯Ӧò٣Ǻܶࡣ
ҪȻ컯ͥǿҲһЦ
Ӧ컯ͥĻ֮һ
飬ҶͲ֪ˡ
ǣλʥ֮Ҫ컯ͥ
ʱİգֵ˼ˡ
λ㣿
Ǵˣ
ֻ
һ㣬ҶʱҲ𰸣ǣһȴԿ϶
ЩʥħսУԽԽħʥǰߺ֮Ȼ컯ͥĽߣС
Ȼһεʥħ֮Ĵսߺջߣ
£ɺҲͰˣΪ̺飬ɾ־ˣ
ΣҶҲ㲻
Ҷһʱ䣬ԣڳ꿤Ǵս֮ûãҶڣλʦ֣
˽ˣѣĵˡ
Ҷģλʦ컯ͥһϣһϲ


3060 
Ҷصڣȴûмȥλʦ֣ȥ˷á
ҶĿǰڵݣǱȽġ
ҪӻתţسΪ׵λҲȻȥǵʦ밲Ȼ
ҶҪ
ҶĿǰڵݣǷ̫ϣ
λߡ
ϣʦڣ÷λʦΪ𣬵ʵϣһλ̫ϣҶǰҲ̫ʦֵλݡ
ԣҶҲҪȥλʦ밲
ڵķõڣѾ£Ѿȫڲ
飬ҶΪôִµţϸ㱨
ûţǷôִ¡
ҶȻǷ£ԷõĴִ£ҶƼţΣλ̫Ƽִ£γηִ¡
ţִڷãǺܵġ
ţЩҶִѲ˾񣬾̵ʱھ˷
޶ɣȫ̿
ʵ޶ɣ໹ǰľɣֻλ̫Ϊ÷зµĺϸ¡
̶ϼ˷õɲȨҶִƵķõȨ
ţĻ㱨ڣڷõ񣬶
ţԣڵ²ӣԷõ֧ԽԽࡣ
ԭҲܼ򵥣ǰڣڲȨǷǳصġ
Լ˹Լˡ
ִֵʱȻչԼҵˣĿŵƫ̻
ԴˣڵͨǸŭԡ
ǸҲûá
ֵǰִʹ˵˵һŵĴá
ڲһˡ
ţǽλ̫޶ɷãӮ²ӵ֧֡
һǰһ߰ټڷǰڷִ֮Щӷ׷ֻ
ȻĴöʵǻԪںԪڵӡ
ǰǻԪȌֵԪںԪߵļԪڵӾͱƫ̻ࡣ
ԴˣԪԪڵλִ£ʹҹţȴţȥˡ
˴ĻԪԪڵ֮󣬷õӰֱ
ţĻ˵ٹһʱ䣬ֻҪǷͣڵûиҲӵġ
Ҳţ˵鷳¡
Ҷãµġ
ˣȫˡΰݹţһ
ҶѾ֪˴ţϸϣüͷǽߵĶѾЩĿˡ
ڲȻ˸ࣿ
ˣ¶ʱڵ˽˵У໹̸ϣڲڸ£Чʻţ˵
ȥҵӣﺮѧ¡
ǣ
ţڣ˵ڲҪһǽãһã
Ϊ֮Ľзڴ֮ǰǽ
ڲƻ룬еǴܵĻڵĲү
ڸӵӦԴɽ÷ţĳѺҩѣҲɸԼʵɵִ֮󱨶ҡ
ԭڲƶҲ㲻ʲôƷ׵ĵӣʲôϣдķǳ
˵ĵӣÿ¿Ʒ鵤һţƷʯʮ顣
ֵʮֵȷûκοɲԡ
ǣ͹մ֣ڽõĵǣ˷ӡ
Ʒ衣
ʲôǽƷ裿
ӣӦõƷ鵤һţɷȥģȴƷ鵤һٿš
һƷ鵤ֵһٿƷ鵤ûë
ǣ˵ںУɵϣһƷ鵤ҲԻһٶʮƷ鵤һٿƷ鵤뻻һƷ鵤Σ
ÿ±ӦӦƷʯҲƷʯ
ϣ·û䣬ֵȴѾ˿ɡ
ԴĵȻǳԸˣ˭ɵ˭ҲԸԿȻۣһ֡
õҲţơ
鷳֣
ܺã¸·鵤Ʒ鵤һƷ鵤
ĹٷۣһƷ鵤ֵһƷ鵤
ǣʵֵġ
ЧҲرƷ鵤ЧƷ鵤Զˡ
µĵŸ棬ǰִһûëֵû䣬ʲô֣
ȡ֣ȷ˵
Щû˵ֻͷ
Ʒ鵤ܱƷ鵤ҪõĶࡣ
ǰں˱ѣҩѵĵӣõ򵥣Ŀ͸ӵƷףۼһɲȡ
ִƸʳ룬ķŵÿڣҲһʵ͵ÿڡ
ͨӵҲò࣬ôЩԴγáĿַͨǸŭԡ
ڵϲĵӣǾͲҿˡ
ԣŷñִ֮²ӣ͸浽˷ţ
̶ʱ䣬ϸĵӸߴˣνƺƴ
ǣţȴûá
Ϊִƽõģλ̫ϵ״ӣڵλʦֵơ
ţ˵Ǵǣǵ涼
ֻҶˡ
õܲܳ͵ÿܴܲˡ
нõȌʦܣɽʦܡ
֮һҶʦ֡Ԫ̫ī״ӣһҶĶʦ֡ɽ̫ϵ״ӡ
ܿģȥ˵ţˣֻţһ˻ģɫѿ


3061 
ˣûųõִ½ӣ˵ᱨ֪ģˣʲôʱˣǾֻг֪ˡ
˵ʱţĺһķɼȥ
˵˰ɣҶ浭Ȼʵ
˵ˣǿĴ٣ڵķִ£˸֤ţ˵
ԣҶЦЦţǷǳģԤ˲õĽԾȴڵķִ֤
ţȻ֪ҶҪˡ
ôõĳѧأ
ٵͨõִµ˽ȥõִ˵ĿǰشҪʱ޷Ӧ١
ǹأ
޶ţһơ
ǣһĹʵİڵģ֪𣿡
ˣģءЩţøǳɱţ뿪ء
õĳѧ֮ǰȷʵȥһˣѾˡţ˵
鱨ţһѺ֡
ţã
ЦţҶһߣȻڣǾͼλȥ
ţһ˿˷֮ɫȴֵǵˣҪҪˣ
Ȼô
ǡõ컯ӣֻˡţЩִ١
УҲţôִЩ°첻ȥԭ
ˣ⣬ѷõĸִӶϣ⣬ϢɢȥЩڷø״ĵӶ֪Ϣ
״õ컯ӣ֪ͨľͶ֪ͨϣ𣿡Ҷ˵
ţ˼һ£͵ͷ
ȡɿõĸʱ
Լʱ֮ţĺʮõӵ£ҶʩʩȻڽ⡣
ҶĵͻȻ˳ɰǧĵӣڷɿš
ԭǳ򵥣ʱ֮ǰһйطҶ̫ҪʰõСϢڵӷٴ
²ӣӣʱһ̫٣׷ǰ֡
ͻȻôĵΧ۹õڵҲˡ
Ͼͼǿ˽䱸
ò˵ڣƴֵĽõӵ䱸ߵġ
ƽֵصĵӣԵӣֵء
ʱ֮£жʮʱֵأĶͻȻӿֵĵӡ
ֹصأκ˲ôžֱйҶ棬ֵصӴȡ
Ҷ̫ϼ٣˿ţȵͬʱҶҶݵ̫Ϸ
ЩõĵӣϵҶ̫ϣ̫Ϸȴϵޱȵһɫ䣬֪֮̿࣬Ӧԡ
ţ̫ϷƣЩõĵӾͿʼɢ
ۼҶҪˣڣһȻ컯Ϣӿ
֪Ҷ̫ϼ٣ʧԶӭʧԶӭЦУһθߴ컯ڵӣЦŹ̤
ˣǽõĴִ𣬷žңǽﺮĵӡţܵ
ЦӭĽôִҶȴǿδһָָֻۣţȡһ̫ʦΣҶ͵һţ˳־ͷһ衣
ҶɣЦӭǳ˳飬Щԥ
ҶһӭѾ˼ˣҶ棬ȴǰס
ȴ֪Ҷİףֻǿʼ
һڻҶͻطʣţ캮ڱǺαݣ
̫ϣ캮ݣڷӣӦͽﱲţ˵
ڵܣҶλʦ֣һӣλǵʦֵܣǶӡ
Ҷ˵𱲷ݣ캮һȴͦĸֱ
ޣͽﰡǼ˱Ӧк񣿡
ʦ縸οͽа֮μδУԲʦ֮ţ
õηҶʵ
̫ϣʮٷ̱һ٣۷Ϊš
ţҶһһ͵ģǵЦмּڽ֮ɫ
ҶҲͬʱǾǳɣ
Ҷ̫ϣҶ̫ϼٽãְ˾֮ʦ𱰡
Ե̸ϲʦϾôִ£ҲǸ̫׿Ϲģ깫£ٴΰҶ̫ϡЦŹ˹֣һǱߵ˼
ҶȴЦ֮ڣ۹ʦĵţ죡
ǣ
ţȻ֣ȥִ̡
ǣţΪѪԭΪǽأһװͿռͨǿекڵսȴҲ컯˳ڵĶ֡
һˣ˸ա
㱾£ңЦ𣬺ôЦ𣬳˳ţʱǵͨ졣


3062 Ī
ȥʧܵţһڽõӺΧ۵ĵӣôЦ
ţǵͨ죬Ҳŭ
ԼΪյõĴִŭҶ
ţһͨ죬ĻȸˣȤζٴҶ棬֮⡣
ߣϾǿʵ˵ġ
ˣأ
ҶҪܹȥҼλ̫ϸ״ȥҲˡ
ֻһҶ̫ϵϺϣҲͳûˡ
ͬģſϢϹڵӣҲһĽȻ
ǸϹҶ̫ԳǲǾͿԺݺݵʰõӲĻǣû֮ǰøĿ˿۵ϡ
ˣڿҶ棬Ҷ̫ϡ
³ķһй˸ɽֹͿҶľٶˡ
ڿ̫ʦϵҶ棬ûκα仯һڻֻ֣죡
Χ۵ڵˣ̫ǲɵ
ŷôִţ춼ûƳɹһôҪ㣬ѵǻӶ˶Ĳ
ԭţЩõ컯ӣʱһ˺ߡ
Ϊ컯Ҳ׵õĴִ°һãԺԴҪԴ
ԣõĴִȻǵļ֮⣬ȴǸŨˡ
Ҷλ̫ǵ͵ıֽ֮
ײ
Ȼǣոն˴ţҶ֮󣬾Ȼٴκԥ˽ôִ£Ҷ졣
ţҶô꣬ǳԼҴ˧ƢԲҲûյ顣
ȥԲȥ
ߣƾ㣡һΣţҶıӣޱֱǱġ
һָʹһССĽ۷壬Ȼһλ컯˵
ⲻˮ
ıģ΢΢һĳһţ׼ŵţţ˶мңһκݺݴһҶ̫ϵ
ҲһɲǣɫͻȻҶɢ˲Ϣ䣬ôִ;ɽǽ»Ķ;һա
ĸֹУʤôһ˲䡣
ţЦϲϵ
žžžž
һ˲ţԲ˸첲ҿĸӡ
ֱӾͽǸѪ
еɲǣֻĺһؼƺ䰵Ƥջյġ
һǱţ۵ģһǱġ
һصļһӣƤɶˣǵô档
Ժô죿
̫ϣļǣǣţʱ𣬵ⱨȴȳһƻҪܡ
谡
ŭյ˲Ϣ䣬Ͷ򵨱
컯ϢһᣬؼĺؾͰ־ɱ졣
Ǵɱˡ
ãɱţ
ֻɱţܱס컯˵ƤܱסôӵƤ
һ֣˷Χ۵ĵǣ׷׾ˡ
£Ȼֵ˶ɱ˵ĵز
ոճţ컯ϢѹƣҲЩ塣
ţн۷Ϊϵкڣûġ
Ƕ컯ˣֻǳڵҲûκʤ㣬οڵĵӣʵһ컯˿ɱȵġ
컯ѹ֮£ţ˵Ƕоڵתٶȶֹ
ţûˣ
֪ţҶ治᲻ġ
ȻԿִӣõɫҶ̾һȴЦƾ𣿡
Ҷӣӷŭ
һúõ컯ˣȻȱļһ裬󻹱ҶһӣȻҶͬһ㡣
磬ֻһ̽һоţȻţгࡣ
ɢ
Ҳ˾ֵɲǣҶ³һ֡
ɲм
һɲǣ𾪵ǣţгĽУͻȻ׵ɢˡ
ؼֻͻȻһŨޱȵĽϵԪ
ɵˡ
ĿҶ档
ⲻܣ
Ŀ϶ǳʲôٴδ߶һΪӴжظ֣ٴնţ
һΣҶĶ𾪡
ֻǴһָɢ
ӴĽоɢˡ
ɵۣһΣסˡ
޽ϵطڽϵطϣֱԱȼ컯ڵǿߡ
ôܱҶһںɢ
˷Χ۵ڵӣһǳ׾ˡ
Ҷ̫ϵĿ⣬Ѿȫһˡ
һͺɢ컯˵Ӵ߶طǺεǿΪ
Ǽ컯񽫣û¡
˲Ϣ䣬һڵĵǣҶ̫ϵĿ⣬ͻȻͱòһˡ
Ҷ̫ǵУͻȻͱĪ
󣡡
ҶٴȣˮɫĹ⻪֣һôִΧм䣬ȥ
ȻԸ־ܣʩ˻컯˾߶˼£޷ҶɫԽԽ˱縡͹֮
Ȼ˷Χ۵ĵҲǺȻ
ҶҲţ죬ټƽ


3063 
žžžž
ţСӣ˿Ϊ˸ҶҲΪΪǽ˸ԲһһƵĳȥ
һãýôִ³һŴ
һ߳飬һ߼
ʮʱλ컯ѾţĿ׵ĸͷһ
Χ۵һڵӣ޲Ȼ
Щ컯ĵӣˡ
ʵϣţʮƣҲȥ׵㣬ֻҪһò˰ʱͿԻָ
ţ
һλ컯ˣڳ飬ⲻ˵ˣԺô죿
ֱȱı˻Ҫң
˵ʮǣţԲǡ
ʮƳ꣬ͨ˵Ҷ࣬һ˷ܡ
۾ɵĹԲ޺޵ĿҶ棬޲̻Ҷ档
ʩϵˮɫȴôҲ
ʱŴѪǣѾ룬ôҪһӣôȥ
Ҷ滹ţ
ȻĿǰ״ҪҶ棬ºѡ
Ҫţ̫ˡ
Ѿ㱨Ҷ棬ҲһҪɱҳţ
ֻǣ̽ˣҶϵȴûκҪɿ˼
ʱߵĶţ̵ִĶԼϢĴԽԽڵӾۼ˹аٵ컯ӡ
ٴΰ޲ѣһΣǶĳˡ
ţɷԿִõΣҶͻʵ
̫ϣԿִӣ׷̱һ٣ٷ̱٣
ţش꣬ҶָţЦǻŸʲô̰ĪɻҪҸṩ̣
ţһ㣬ҲЦˣ̡ȴǰ޲ѡ
ԼҵĴˣû䣬Ǹζ
ŵ˵ĴҪ
ԭ׼ֵڵӣҲˣ׷׵һ
ȻҪ̱ޣ
Ҫ֪ڵ̱ޣޣ̫ޡ
һȥ컯ˣҲѪɡ
һٱǿ߹ƾֻʣ컯ߣҲˣúý
ң̱ޣҪ̵ִġ
һλ컯˶ԣԵġ
ǳޣҲ֮ڣִܿѡ
ڣôִȴҪΧ°´ޣ裬ֱǲ·
޳֮˱³𣬻ôˣ
ʱҲˡ
Ͳ˵ˣҪ³ޣպôˣ
Ҫɾͳ컯еһڰ³޵ļһ
νúǰ뷨˲Ϣͷˡ
̫ϣҶ̫ϣ֪ˣҶ̫Ĺһ⣡
֪֪ˣ
ҶһϲΪæͷ֪ˣҶ̫һ棬Ӹм
м
Ҷһһ棬ڵɣһ棡
̣
ҶһϺȣɵˣţʱִһִеϹޣһ֣еǰȥ·
ȻҶסתȴûκ⡣
õ컯˲Ϣǵ£һ⻪תİɫףȴסȫ
õɱܱƷ鱦Ҫǿ
ˡ
ҧȫ߶Ļף޺޵ĿҶ档
ִӺţҲЩΡ
·ǰǵˣĻףȴӵ
ţ̱޳ȥ˲ֺ
һٱޣǸһûûʲô
컯˵Ϊ˭Ҳû취ڲͬʱĻס
õ
Ҷ汩ȣ㾹Ȼұִֿ
ûףΪҶֻȴӦ˹Կִͱִֿڣͬ߱ǰ߸ء
Ҷڽñء
Ҷ̫ϣ㲻Ҫ̫ݣ
ι֮Уֻάɵ϶ѣҶЦŻ˻֣𣬱һɢȥף򣬿ɾݹֲ
Σ
ҧгݵŭ߳
ҵģݹֱף
Դһԡ
һΧ۵ҲЩɻڲ£ҪٵףѶȿɷͬСɡ
ڤ粻飡
Ҷһߣָᵯ
һɫĻķɳ֮ϡ
˲Ϣ䣬ĻףǱȼֽһһΪģٵı١
ǡ̫𣡡Χ۵ʶʧ
һоͿһѪ׻
ԪпĻֱӱٻ٣Ԫᡣ
ǣʹŽǿʼ
Ҷ̫ܣɲֹڴˡ
ڷٻĻ֮˳Ѫ⡣
Ϊ컯ˣޱȣ̫ǰҲʲô
̵ȼУ̲סķҽ
̫ٶȼ죬һ˲Ĺıͱճ˽̿ʲô˹
ֱʱҶһ֣ڽϢһ̫ŷɻҶڡ
ϰȻҲ̶ã̫ȥɲҽвѡ
۰
һΧ۵鴤ѣǰλ̫ϵֿڰ
ЩΧ۵ӸͨģҶĻ
ڵɣԲ£ţִ̣
ǣ
ţһȣִϹޣִ̡
һƯı޻ͺݺݵĳǱɽ̿ı
޴𻯳ɽ̿Ƥ⣬¶ʺѪ⣬ܹǾӨ͸ࡣ

Ԫ񶼱һ£鴤ŲҽǲҽеëȻ
һΧ۵Ӷʹ
һ
ţļ
һһޣǲҽ
Ҫ˵ûҶ̫һ飬ʱҲҶ̫һ飬ÿһ̱ޣǳһʹ˼¡
ʮ޹ȥ𱻳Ъ˹ĲҽҶţȴһȻȶ̡
Ҳ֪ǱϻˣǱĹͷ֮ǰֻһ߲ҽһСʱȴһ߲ҽһƿڴ
Ҷģ㲻ú
ţģţһɱ㣡
һɱȫңţš
вѲ˾ţͼöˣֻȴԽԽݡ
ˣһγ鲻Ǿǻ
ϧ컯ǿߣϹ޳鲻ҪȻţ˼һ޳£պ鷳
ƷŲҶ棬ȴۣżɨһ۲ԶִӰĵӣɨһ۽УǺ⡣
ţ뵽ģô벻
ȻҪȴҪף


3064 
һ޺ܿ졣
ǱҶ̫ˣֱϹ޳һټǣѪģ컯ˣʱϢҲ˥ѣ˻ϼӣ᲻ᵱ䣿
ǲܵġ
컯ǿߵĸԪ𶥶ʧ仹Զ
˶Ԫȴһġ
λõĴִ£ʱҽ΢ȴһֱûͣԽԽ񶾡
ʱſڣΧ۵ĵѾɽ˺ǽõĵӣڵĵӣ˹
տʼһƬʱȴðޱȣûһ
Ͼڵĵӣһμ컯˾ĵӱ̣ǵ̡
ǰڣ컯ĵڶȨĵӣȨƼ
Ҷǰɽ䭣ûͻƵ컯֮ǰݣ컯ĴүҲЦ
챻ִ̣Ҳڵĵһ⣬һ֮࣬Ҳ뿴յĽ
ĵѾˣ£ӰڵȨ֡
Ǵӣĵģ档
֪Ҷ̫ܸܲһһ˵ǰ˿۵ģֻԺ󱻹ƽԴͺá
ʱţֳ̽ӵİ˶Ҷ̫ϣ֪ô
̫ϣ̽ţ
Ҷ濴һҺߵһۣƷһڲ裬ȵ̵Ӻڣ
ţһ£ȴһԵļ̵Ӧ
ẉ̂⣿
̫ϣû⣡
⣿
Ӧļ̵ҿһֿۣһҶ棬ЩԥþѾʶʲô
̫ϣ̹Уôִִ˼ɣ

ҶһϺȣ˷Χ۵ӺȻһͷƤĸоҪʣҪĽࡣ
̫ϣһԿִӣͬš
ʦʦ֮ӡ
ĴԹ

Ȼµģڵļ̵Χ۵ڶȻҲո̵ͷͻȻһֲ֮С
оҶҪġ
֮£֮ǰıֻǹҼҡ
ȻҶٴ𣬡ţ֮Уδã
̫ϣɣһһ۷֮£Ὣ̱٣ضΪš
ﲢﲢ֮£ɣЧȡ
ţĻһһͷ˶û뵽̬Ȼص̶ȡ
һɲǣҶĻȴʯ쾪һٴξˡ
Ȼзǻʲô̰ɣ
ȻţʱҲɵΪԼҴҶĺΪ֮𾪣һλ컯˰ȻҪڴ
ֱʣ
ʶһ£һĭţóһƵĳɫ䣬һӦȫ֮󣬾͵ݸҶ棬̫ϣҪնӣҪ̫ϵǩѺ
Ҷӹ΢΢һӣ˳ȥ
͵̰ɣ
õڵĵҽţڵѲ񽫽ִ˷Ҫ̡
𾪴ˡ
ƴе
ȫʢ״̬£Ҷʩչϵ˵ʱ״̬֮ˡ
֮£̧ͷա
ңȾң

Ҷ۾ţţ̣
Ҳڴʱһɫ⻪ͻȻըѸһ̵ţ
ƣȻҪնɱţ֮⡣
žŲһҶ̫ϣ˰ﺮ
ɢ
Ҷ沢ûлش𣬶ȾţţԲܽһġ
Ҷ߳⻪ֻ΢΢һûɢȥ
Ҷͷһⳤﺮطϵ裬Ҳ
𣡡
һ֣ҶͷĬģ˲Ϣ䣬ؼˮϵԪ͵һһˮͻأĳţͷ֮
һ죬Ź⻪ͬʱɢ
ոճֵĽﺮһĻͫ΢΢һ
ͬһɲǣǿһ
Ҷ涢ţһۣ΢΢̧ͷͻȻֵĽﺮ
ţʱ˽Ҷ˼
̵ٴ
󺧣ﺮȴǱȣңﺮ컯Ϣ͵£Ҫһеľˣ
кβң
һ֣һɳ˲Ϣһͷڵ̫ŽڣӸµųﺮ
ڳﺮǲ£̫Žڿµ̫ȴóﺮֽűǶҲҶ
һ컯۷壬̫𣬾
һֻĿնףŭĿ⣬취
ҶȴЩźϧΪûͻƣͻƣҶ˵ͿԽƾطϵ裬Ϳɵѹⳤﺮ
ѹһ
飡
Դն£һնΪԪոӳﺮٴγ֣ȻԪ
ֻĶ죬ȴȲҶĶ
һʹ⻪͵һ˲ؽﺮɫֱӾлԪ
̫ϣѽ̣
ţɲǣһȲ
ǿ컯еϢ˲ϢҶϡ
ҶϢ˿壬ɫԪڶ𣬺ԥӭȥ
Ҷ֪˭ˡ
Ͼնɱһλ컯ĵӣ϶ᾪ
ͬʱĵҵϢҲ׷סɱϢ
ڵλ̫ϣͬʱ
˲Ϣ䣬ڵĵǣһƬﺮҲȥӭλ̫ϡ
ҶЦͬʱ𣬡λʦ֣ǿڵ̫ϣʵġ
㿴ⳤﺮЩ컯ĵӣǣǵһʱӭǶ̫ϣţ
Ҷһӭλʦ֣һЦţոճֵλ̫ϣ˲Ϣ佩ס
ҲԪ̫ϡʦīŭɶҶǶȸ״
λʦʦ㣬ȴЩΣҶ˵ģʵ飡
ֻҶĵһ
Ҷ֮ͻȻû뵽¾Ȼλʦ֣λʦֵޣʵҵ
ֻҲף£ﾪλʦ֣
˵䣬Ҷͳÿһʽݣ˸ոճֵλ̫ϡ
֮ڵɣȫзӰΪ֤
Ȼ¾λʦ֣Ǿλʦֶϸ
ʦҵһ˿һĲ֤ûаڵɷ£λʦɷңԹԣ
УҶնɱ컯ըĳīλʦʦ㣬ӵҶ͹֮ͻȻЩɵۡ
Ҷһ֣ͻȻˣ


3065 
˵󲻴˵ССǰλ̫ͬײβһֻڴ˵֮С
ԭܸӣ޺γֵԭ֮⣬ҪĻĽ
֮£һ컯̴̵ؼ䣬͸Ⱥһ벻עⶼѡ
ڴ֮ǰڵλ̫ϣټأ
λ죬컯֮ؼ컯Ϣرһ˵ţëںؼ䣬ҲƩ֡
λ̫ȻȻͿʼˣפڡ
Ҷ˽뷨λʦҲʥˣģǰڶ㡣
ڽˣȻͳˣϾǶǸؿռ䣬Ҳû̫
ҲΪԭҶûãλ̫Ͼ֪ˡ
Ҷţֱһ£ǺͿʼעˡ
Ҷסʱ͸Կʼע¡
ȻǹעĲ죬ҶֳĶطǿƿ
Ҷٶȣޱľ
󣬽̬ǵĿ֮ڡ
𱻳һ٣Ҳ޿ɺǣֻܿš
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õﺮ
гﺮڣҶնҲնġ
ңĽǾģҶҪնӦֻһ̬
κһ컯ĵӣκһԴ
һﻹأ˭ն
˼֮£ǾҶֻ̬гﺮڣ˫ͼš
û뵽ǣҶնˡ
ʯӲ˳ﺮĹƵĳﺮҳ֣ţ˳նӦ
һֱй۲µλ̫ϲ˳
Ȼһԭʢŭ֮īȳˣǲųġ
նīܷŭ
ͽַǳκӵͽ
ŭҶ֣ǳ֮󣬱λʦʦý֮󣬽ӵҶͳ֮󣬾˲Ϣ侲
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һͨޣǿ϶£ʦַղЦŶҶʦԶ飬ʦֵģôҲΪӷϴʦúģ
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ԣҶȴҡҡͷ
ԼڵΪֹչһֱޣǵűԭ֮һ
̫
ذ£ǰϵߣӡ
漰ŸϣλʦֵĵһӦȻǺϡ࣬ǽʵǡ
Ҷ滺ҡҡͷٴγλʦʦ㹰˹֣ʦ֣Ǿ仰¶Ȼǳˣ͵øһ
ڵ̫ϣĿԱµӴСУɱģ
ֻߣʦ̫ϣǼٵģ
λʦɫٴαѿҶֵֹ£Ǻڼסʦֻһ𰸣ǺڻǰףԲλʦΪѡ
һ˵ҶһȡԼ˷̫ϵӡšķŵһԡ
һ죬ȴף÷ͷ𺳱Ըӡ
ҶѾó̬
λʦ֣ɣڣʦصµӽԿ糤ﺮһ̫ϴСжɱô̫ϣҲգ
Ҷ˾ƹһλ̫ڵ
ﺮȴǻ׹ѣ
£޷ˣ


3066 
ʦϡ𱰣κһĻʯλ߶ԣԲƻ
ǾԼڻٻԼĸ
κŶǴȡΪնɱЧȡ
ԣʦһҪάġ
ǣﺮһλ컯۷ĵӡ
κһ컯ĵӣŵʯÿʧһž޴ʧ
Ѿʧһλ컯Ҫʧһλ컯ӣλ̫ϵ۳̶ȣ֪
ǣﺮΪѾﵽ컯˾۷壬мĿͻƵ컯񽫡
һŵ컯񽫣ĶһĴڣնɱˣʧֱ޷
֮ȡἫѣλ̫ϰû
ʦīżﺮ״ӣȻٮٮߣ£ҲأҪȻҲ᳤ӽ֮λˡ
Ҫ˵ĿųﺮŽɴ߶ΪţīǾԲԸġ
īʱҲŭ
Ҷԩ
ȸִӹȌ鲻ԸƵ˹Ȍ顣
ʱ˿ִָ̣ƽõӹȥɱһͽֱ
ҶΪ̫īһҶһԶԹ뷨ˡ
ʱ˿̣ǱΪҪ
Ѷȼ
ΪҶǿ̫ϵݣﺮҶ棬սҶ棬ǲڵλ̫ϣǶŹصơ
īԼλʦֵ˽⣬ǴʱȻԥǣֵߣǾԲսġ
ʱ֮ûӦڹӡ
֮ҪǲõֶΣĿ֮£ﺮ±ɡ
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ʶ̬Եĳﺮʦһ¡
ʦ˼ǣ
ͶԹպеǻһȥ
ﺮǴˣīһ㲦ˡ
Уʦַաʦ졢ʦߡʦׯھݵĽ֮󣬾˾
ǿ֮ʣеĳﺮͻȻ׹һһʹе䣬Ҷǰ˵Ȼ֡
飡
ҶǰĳﺮŸҶͷӽֻǵһμ̫ϣǰֻ̫ϵţûм̫ϡ
ûи״ð̫ϣ̫һΣһθĹµĻᣡ
˵꣬ﺮͷأ
̬ȣȥϿҡ
Ҳ˷Χ۵ڵ֡
ǿﺮһ컯ˣܹﵽ̶ȣͷĵϣֳϿˡ
Уλʦָ¶֮ɫΨʦīɫ̫ÿ
ϾⳤﺮĻ֮ʼնʦ档
Ҷ濴Žĳһӵĳﺮ۾Ǹһ˿Ц⡣
ڱ˿ҶǽˣֻмϤҶˣţˣ֪ҶɱȻı֡
ţﺮˡ
״ȴī֮С
ν飬Ȼ쳤ʧԣܹ˳ϿҵĵϴǾĨһ⡣
һΣʱڵ㣬ǣҪǸٷݵ㣬ڵɷݵ㡣Ҷȵ
л̫ϣл̫Ͽˡﺮٴοͷ
Χ۵ڵǾĬȻ顣
Ȼ˵ﺮһ컯ˣƵĿͷϴȥѾˡ
ǲûаɷãصӺ⡣
ײǱһ棬׷ţʦڲ࣬ǿԹġ
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ҶƤһסĳﺮ˴ʦַյˡ
λʦʦ㣬µĵӣǿҪ̣ܽٷʦҿɾͲһˡ
īƤǣһž˳ﺮ۵Ķ
ա졢ߡׯˣȴһ
ǶҶָۣһ㡣
£Ҷò»ֵĲɿǳβ
ҶСʦܣǷǳȫֵġ
ʦܣȻˣҪúģСһɡʦַЦ
λʦ֣
룡
룡
ռ˷ɽСʦīųﺮ˹ȥ
ҶȻǸ˹ȥ
Ҷ˻ڣɲΪ˸λʦֽ
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ΪҶ뿪ɲǣţյһҶ괫
£ǲܽõҲͲˡ
յ괫ţģһ˷ܡ
Ϣ֮Χ۵ĵ½ɢЩ뿴ŷ̫һر˿۵ԴĵǣҲһʧ׼뿪ʱ
ţͻȻ߾һŴõӴ󲽳˽á
Ҷ̫Ŀߣɷã
õĴִ𣬸ոĿ֮±նõﺮҲĿ֮¸̫Ͽͷߴá
˵ǽʱȺףУҲû˸ţķõӡ
˭ѵǵͷȴִĻҪ
һʱ䣬ţã֮
ʧֵڵǣͻȻ֮ɫ


3067 ܵ
СھųɾϵĵӵĽأֻмλ̫ϵ״ӿԽ롣
һֻаҶڵλ̫Ͽ룬ڲá
źŵģڼλ̫ϵ״ӡ
С֮󣬷µĽﺮֱӱʦַӵ⣬ﺮҲԹԵĹȺ
ﺮСǱסˡ
Ժ󣬼λ̫Ӧûһķ
ôãﺮҲ˴𰸣ȻǸ߸߾¡
ڴôãﺮǳڲ·

ʦһר̻ģСڣҶλʦʺеˮ󣬰ʦׯڡ
ʦ㣬⵹ǡ
ҶЦҡҡͷ˹˹֣λ油һ£ĿõģһҪ컯ͥ񣬲컯ǿ߿񣬲컯޽ɡ
¹ش󣬼λʦʦּʶ㣬̼λʦʦġ
˵䣬Ҷ濴ЦڷΪ֮˳עһ¡
û뵽õһִţɷʦϣԣųֳͽ䣡
ԣ˵ͷĸԽ⡣
Ҷר̻ڷø£ǾȨ֮ˡ
ҶһռСʦܣȨǿ϶ˡ
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Ҷ治ǼҪҲҪҶ¡
й컯ͥһ£ҲҪʦأû뵽ʦˡ
Բֵ֮ǰȴͽŷ磬
Ŀ淸ϵͽһԳֶΪɱŻЧȣʦī޺޿ڡ
ʦˣﺮѾϴˣֻ֮ǰûмҶʦܣһʱв̤ˡ
ʦ˵ﺮ״ӣǶ˾޴ѪһӴһĹµĻᡣʦ˵
ֻҪĻڹҿǿԸһġǰʦׯ

λʦʦһһ䣬ϵ˼ˡ
ҶֻЦżλʦʦϻϷ
Լһ֮˾һȥﺮĽ֮λһְ˾̱һ٣Ȼڿޣڴ˴֮ҪΪ´󹦣ſɽ֮ࡣ
ɴʦַտҶЦеĿڣҶʦܣ㿴ɻ⣿ȻһҪٴθҶʦܴ
λʦ־㶼Ҷ档
ô࣬Ҷ治Ը⣬һжǰ״
Ҷܾܾ
ˣϾŶԣÿһλ컯ӣǳҪ
ֻҪ֪ܸģû⡣
ҶӦĺʹ죬λʦֺ⡣
λյļʶҶСʦܣӵˡ
˽ᣬʦīͷһ״ӵǱסˣɲˬ
ҪÿڣǶˡ
īѾıԼĸˡ
Ҷͬ⣬ʦַ¶ЦݣȻˣھͽϴȥ̡

һοֹģǰʦׯ÷աīһɻ
ʦ֣ʦ֣ﺮν֮ȷʵ潾ᣬ£ŵġ
һҶʦҲԩ
ҿ⽾֮Ҳúݺݵһ
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Ҷǿˣλʦʦ㵱УʦַյûһԾŶǰʦׯľʱ򷴵ܹôҵ֧֡
飬Ҷ浹Ƿǳ޳ɡ
ﺮţ㹻ʱҳ㹻ĶʱҶһݵġ
ĳﺮͱ֪ҹȻ֡
һ״ӶԣѾǱȽصĳͷˣѾʧȥʦŵ밮
Сڣ¼С
Ҷߣλʦʦ㽲һ鵱յٵ顣
֮ȷʵģȴǶʦ죬Ҷʦܣ֪㣬ֻڵĴܳ͢Լʲô̬أ
ܳ͢ĿǰΪֹȷһǿȷλˣ컯ͥ϶ܹ
֮컯ͥܵʲô̶ȣܹĴ½Ӱ쵽ʲô̶ȣĿǰ
һ⣬ȴܳ͢ȷйؽ컯ͥ£Ǵܻ롣
ĸ⣿ʦַշʡ
񣡡
Ҷһأλһ¡컯ܹ񣬲Ǻ״̬֮컯ͥڷĿ»ﵽһ˵Ŀ
Ŀǰȷ廹ħ컯ֻҪʱߺ֮Կɱ컯ͥߡ
Ԥ컯ͥǷΣضΪĴ½ڲɺӵһǿ
Ǵܳܽ͢һĳｨڡ
ԣڲܳ͢ڲѾ컯֮ʱɸߺ֮Ļᣬ粼֡
Ҷ˵꣬λʦ־¶֮ɫˣǿ컯֮ͥƣȻܵ
ǰʼλʦ֣컯֮ͥܵô˭ܷ
˭񣿡һΣֵҶ淢ˡ


3068 
˭ܷ񣿡
˭񣿡
ףԼҶ˿̵дˡ
Ŀתнû˻شҶ档
ҶҲ֪¹شֻĵȴͬʱҶҲ֤ԼһƲ⡣
֮ƺǽĲˣʦַղųһҶʦ룬Ҫ漫㣬ҵȣĿǰҲûиףֻһƲ⣬֪λشʦܡ
ţ
ҶǷһ˿ЦݣͷѾ˿϶𰸵ͬʱȴЩμӿɬ
⽨컯ͥıӣֱղ׽ƶϣܹɵĿԷǳһɣӰ²С
˭ܷĿǰӲ컯룬ǻŵ컯컯ˡ
ŵ컯˷λȨӦʵһĹϵһ㣬ƸǴܳ͢еλҲʵȨλ
컯˷һ㣬Ӧڵе
󱻷ӦԽһ̶ȵӦó컯ͥ
еõϹӡĳλͿԵõĳλһ
ϹűӡһǣλţôӦҲӦûλ컯ͥԼ
渵꣬ʦַտҶ˵Ǽ⼸ʹ۹üΣԼ۳Ľˡ
λʦֵķܵλȫ档
ò˵˵ݣиɻġ
شɻ
һ֮񣬿϶ܵ컯ͥ컯ͥ컯֮ͥһ̶ϵĿơ
ǷλߵȨߵкܴϵ
򵥵ӣʥַôħ컯˻λ϶ϵͻûʵȨȡ
ɻǼλʦ͸¶Ҫĸɻ
λʦ͸¶ҪϢʵЩϢ
Ҫ֪油컯һ»ûʱ䣬ҶԸǰصĽӴߣҲӵǿ鱨ϵͳ
£λʦӦǴҶ˽Ҷ顣
ʵϣѹûҶ뷨ûдҶѯκ鱨ϸڣ˵һУ·жһ֪һ
ҲҶԵ油Ժɻ
Ϊڵ油컯֮󣬱ֵʵ̫
ӦӦѯҶϸڣȻжϣӦԡ
ǣΪֹѹûѯʹҶ档
ֱӸ˽ۡ
ַǳ϶Ľۡ
һϽҶλʦֿ֪ʲô֪컯Ļ
ֿǷǳġ
Ҫ֪Żʦ½룬Ĵڡ
˭˵ˡʦַռڡ
λԣ־Ͽ֮ˣɵ컯ַͥ⻰Ưȥûë
ǣλ沢Ǵ˽ʥˣȻ컯֣֮ͥµĵз֮š
ʦֵ˼ǣʱַߣӣҶʵ
ԣҡҡͷǵҲһʦ괫֮ʱʮֻʮ֮
ȱһҲܾգ
Ұٱ䣬ο
ԣַҲǾԣֻǿԴһѡ
˭ַ񣬻ÿ˭ܻ־Ͽɻ߾ˡ
ʦ֣βܻ־Ͽɻ߾أҶٴʵ
ԣʦַտЦҲ֮
˵Σհڲ־
죬ԶǺĴ½죬ԶǺĴ½־
ҶĬȻ
𰸣йоأ̸⣬Ҳû̫ľϲҶȴͻȻһ¡
ĳЩϣҶǽ˵ʦֵģǷˣǽҶ浱һСʦܣ˵Ĳʵ
Ҷ浹Ҳ֣ϾĿǰԣġ
ҪλʦҶӣǲġ
ЩȻҶ棬ʼһ⡣
λʦ֣ˣûߵ뷨
⣬Ҷһ̽ѯʡ
ҶĿע£˶һۣЦҵȵ룬־֮ᣬҲžֻ˵ƾ
ƾ

˵ʵشҶĻشҶ˵ʲôʱͻȻеӴҴһ
͸˶ʦ죬ʦ쿴֮ŭϣ
աߡīׯ˾㶼죬ǲ졣
ӦǶʦĵӡ
ҪȻҲ϶֣
ǣöʦֵǼ˵浱ŭĵӣ˭أ
ʲôأ
ҶҲɻЩûס
ǵʦŭֵĽеݸ˷֮ҶͻȻ䷴Ӧ˹
ӦţǱϢˡ
ʦ֡ʦܡʦܡׯʦãǿѧͽЩִãȻҸô¡
ķûˣǴðɣôûκʦһŭ
Ӽλʦһһݹȥ˵ɫҲЩˡ
ɫģȴʦīƺѾ뵽ʲô
ѧ򴫵ҶʱҶͷһЦСӣǹ飡
ͬʱС״ٴͨôִţλ̫ϣֽҪ֮£


3069 ɥĲ
Ȼ˵ţҶ̫ϵ״ӵͷڴ֮ǰûʸСġ
ʵ⣬ҶͻȻֵ̫ϣ̫ð
Ҷ̫ܽôִɷնɱ¼֮Ҷڷ̫ϵͷǳĺһ쳹ڡ
ӣͻȻˣ̫ϣҲ̫ϣ̫ϡ
ţţ̫ϵν״ӣҲܵӦеĴ
СţǴΰݹλ̫ϣ˫ַ̡
λ̫ϣӵŵӵϸ棬ʦòĿ
ǵһ飬ȴֽĿʵ̫ˣ鿰ƾ졣
Ӳר޵ãʾλ̫ϡţ˵
ա졢ߡīׯ˶һۣж֮ɫ
ǼҲϵĳɾĺ꣬˲Ϣ˹ԭҶŹﺮǼ٣ɱкȴһͷ˲ͬ˼
ʦīȴǺˣǲƵĶҶһۡ
Ҷڸ¡
ڸµ顣
һֱڸµ飬īǳĲˬ
ݵ꽻֮󣬰ʦׯȿˣţȻģ˵˵ڵ׷˺εȴ£ǿûдﵽĳ̶ȣ
νˮ㣬λ̫ϻǶġ
ڽõһЩΪŵġ
ȴһֱûʣΪ飬Ǹ۹ţûн
仰˵ĳЩΪλ̫һ̶Ĭϵġ
ʱʦׯô˵ʹλ̫ϵ̬ȡڵ¶֪ģˣҧŲš
⻰ʵĳ̶ֳ϶Ҷ˵ġ
ҶʱȴЦţӡ
λ̫ϣĿ̫󣬵Ӳ˵ĿѾɺȫλ̫ϹĿɡ
ţǷֵ̣λ̫ϣʮڣǽһʮڵĿϸԼʡ
ţ˵ȻҪһĿǿ΢΢һɨĿ˽ĲˣǣĿȴǸָĳĿѹ
ôĿҿûⰡʦ߶Ҷ׷ʹ̬Щˡ
ҲûпǵĿţеһϣӦþ
λ̫ϣߵĿ¼ģҷõĿ֮Ĺϸλ̫϶Աһˣ
ϣɴʦַչۿ
õɲǣʦַյüëͶһ壬ȻԽԽ󣬾Ȼ⡭ôܣ
ʧ֮£վȻǽе򴫸ˣ졢߶Щˡ
ʦ֣ô£żׯһɲǣҧһɱ磬ĿޱȺ˵Ŀţ
ߣģ
̫ϣǧȷÿһʣǽõԭʼĿݣӾް٣
飡
ŭ֮£ׯһǰ񼸣ȻеӸʦīʦ֣ʦͽЩ꣬Ƿˮ𣬹ֲµĵΪһһǧѸͣԭԭ
ʦīɫ࣬ȴַãֻܼæ鿴
һʦīֱӾɵˣΣ͵վ𣬡ͽȻȻҡȥɱϣ
ߵſڣоĿīͻȻٲ
ʦֵǵĿ⣬ͻȻ䷴Ӧ˹λʦֵΪҪɱء
հհգ
ī̾һλҪͽͽλʦʦˣҲˡ
꣬ÿһ꣬ÿһλ̫϶̲סľ֡
Ҷ󿴵ģҶ濴꣬Ҳ֡
ⳤﺮ̫ˣ
ִƽõ䣬ŪߵʲŪʯ鵤ŪǧƷʯ
ǧƷʯҶ涼һ
ĿǰıֻʮܴչĿ
ֻӯ࣬ҲҪҲܴ㡣
ڶԣļʮһĵԴҲһڿƷʯҶѡ
൱ڳﺮһˣϢŪеĵϵԴ
λ̫ǰģﺮõνͣһŪƷʯǿԽܵģɷΧ֮ڡ
ȴû뵽Ŀôࡣ
ĿϿʮڣﺮ̰Щһʮ
ĿƴĿġ
ա졢ߡׯ˽Ŀˢˢľ۵ʦīϡ
˼ײҪʦīһ
ﺮīĵӣ̰ô࣬ī϶֪顣
λʦֵܱʵĿ⣬īһΡ
λʦ֡ʦãڴǰﺮν֮ȷʵϹТ
ʼһǶʮƷʯּһ㣬⼸꣬ÿʮƷʯᳬǧƷʯ
еĴ󲿷֣Ҷʹ͸µˡīһĿЦ
Тģ̰ߵʮ֮һͽܣ̵ĺðʦһЦ
īȻǸӵΣ
֮ǰͦﺮҲⷽԭ򣬱ϾԼҵӵġ
ģԼҵӿ϶ǽͷ͸ġ
û뵽ȻֻСͷеСͷʮ֮һûС
Ƿ붪ˣͱˡ
ͽɼλʦִãҲٹʡīٴα̬
ȻⳤﺮɥĲǾͽðɡ
ұ֤Щʯȥԭԭг󣬻ӳ컯˵ȣʦׯɭޱȣ


3070 ˷
ΪﺮһʯĿ̫޴λ̫ϣﺮʦī𾪡
԰ʦׯҶ̫ϵСʦܣʾס
ԼĻ˵ﺮ̰ʯĿ޴ŪĿ룬ǿɾ˵̫ˣҶ̫Сʦڣһжͺðˡ
ϿʦׯϸǺܵġ
Ȼߵǳﺮ
Ҳû뵽ʦׯ֮󣬳ﺮϽһֺõЦݣæݼ
ʦׯЦ߽˳Ƶ־Ͱ˳ﺮͷ
ڳﺮȻԾþֵɲǣƥԪϢ綾߳һ͵̽
һɲǣҶȻֵķ֣һ˲䣬ﺮǴɵһ˲Ϣû־
ϣ
ʦׯֻһϣﺮɵɵת˰ʦׯ󣬲档
ڻŵԪطҶеĻҪǿ󣬻Ҫˡ
䲻֮£ȻԿһλ컯۷塣
ԲһԪġ
һĻٿʦׯҶ;ĪĿֲ
ʦӸôһ£Σ
ʶģҶ͸ʦׯһľ롣
ׯֻǻͷҶһۣû˵ʲô
ľżһĳﺮִ˰ʦׯ֮أɽϵһռزԺӣ̤һϢĴС
ȥС
ҶǰȴʦׯһۣҶŻȻԭ˵ǳﺮ
ľżһĳﺮȥ֮󣬰ʦׯŸҶָһ֮ĵط
ʦҿűǣĪҪ󡣡
ͷ֮󣬰ʦׯ»ɬϢ𣬹⻪˸䣬Ҷȴٴδһֱð
ȱʦׯطƣ󷨿µĳﺮͻȻǱĺһ
ʦׯʲôﺮʹʲô
ʵһЩʯȥϸڣѹʲôʹʲô
ﺮĻش̰ߵʯһТʦҲʦīɣһЩ㹹¹ϵԼڲմ
ʣµɣȫˣ֮⣬󲿷ֶҵˡ
ǰڵפأʵɵϡ
ɵȻ˵챦ȴǼġ
ħĸӹū壬ħ͸ϲ
ΪԭȴԽԽ١
ϰǰħͨūļ۾͸ߴʮƷʯƽɽʮƷʯ
ﺮȴַͨū
ԭﺮԼ˵ģĸūҲҪµģֻû뵽־ͬˣͷˡ
ͬžߣҶѾµˣڴӳﺮ֪֮󣬰ʦׯȴŭˡ
ðֲѧӣԭҲǸ̰
һЩﺮͲһйͲö˵ˣЩ̰ߵĺʯûʣ¶١
ﺮֱߵʯǧƷʯģȫһˣʦׯǸ޲õɱ˳ﺮ
ԭսֿҵֶΣǲͬϵģ죬ȴǲòˡ
ڳﺮ¶еﻹе鱦֮󣬰ʦׯֻǻ˰ʱͽﺮһս飬󽫿Ʒһ͸Ҷ档
ʦܣⳤﺮս͸ˣҲǸĲս֮ʵ½ԭ컯۷ʵֻֽ컯˳ڵʵ
Ϊʧȥ˴󲿷ǵԭȴҲǺηǿҲá
˵ʦׯһ٣ʦ߳ڻңҲǲģܹնɱһˣҲΪ׷һѪ
ҶȻлˡ
ﺮߵ̰˾ˣλ̫϶ޱ𾪣ȻҪˡ
ȻһĻá
ѧǸ򣬶ǱһȴȻ¡
Ȼ֣ţʱ̫ϵȨ
飬Ҷ治ôˡ
ţЩѲ˾и̰ܵ۵£ڵЩ˶ĿĿСӹҼһһ۾ͿԿ
ΨһҵķǣѧҲ̰ûгﺮǰɥĲ񣬶һ磬ܱסһ
³֮£֣õҶ̫ϵͷڳɱɱıǿ˿µĵΣ֮£֮ơ
Ҷȴڿһ˵ķ֡
ʦׯȻſ컯ˡ컯ǿƳսķţ
ô᲻˽й컯أ
Ҷģпܡ
֪
ǣȴΪҶݣ˵
ΪڵţţλʦᶥҶΪڵʦܣȴԲҶ浱ŵʦܡ
ҶܹıԼݣǲŻ᳹εҶ棬Ҷ˵Щ¹ͨطܡ
ǣΪͽԭҶȴױݡ
ҶǳĿա
Ѿҵ˴𰸣ȴţֽǣ޷ݵġ
˼޹֮
Ҷȥʦַ˽ｻһ
ʦʦֵУҲֻдʦַ⾫ͨҲһƺĳظӦһһֱڼᶨƵ֧Ҷ棬Ҷ档
Ҷģʦַߣ˵һ뾪ϲ


3071 깦
鲻̫ãںǰȥݼʱ򣬰ȴ˼Сģͷڴġ
ȻҲҷƢˣͷģΪ黹ûаá
ʦϢҶѾ뿪ʥٴδħ̫£նɱħħ񳬹ʮλ꿤ս£ȻȶҶ汳λû¶档Сر
߸߶ϵľϢüͷһ壬ŭ
ôˣȻһСﱳĵƶƲǸʲôԵģԴװȫˮ𣿡
ھŭֻţͷֻҪǨŭ
ʱ鲻ãΪԭѵͷ妿ɾҪˣҲǺ妵ĵĵط
ǺԽģԽûͷ·֮ŭһú妵Ĳѡ
ͽ˵־ʲô
ͻȻֵú妽ٴν֣ûͷûԵһ仰ȴúͷˡ
־
־ʲô
һΣȫû֮ǰĽĿź妣һ档
浽Ϊ֪־ʲô
һ妾Ͳſڿˣϸشˡ
˰֮󣬺妲Żڡ
ʦͽزʱޣһΪʦʹͣԣ־ʲôͽ޷ش𡣡
شþüͷһ壬Ȼ
ǣͽȴ֪ڣ־ʲô仰˾ע⡣
ޣ˵˵
ʦڲͽģλ־־
һ㣬Ȼ仰ид
ǰλ־ȷʵ֮ڵ־֮ڣӣģ֮أ־ʲôλ־ʲôٴʵ
⣬úһֿڸ֮УҲ֪ôˣȻе⡣
ֻһش𲻺ãܾͻ
ǣԳɾ妣ҲԻ妣ԣȴɲ
ֿã妲ٴοڡ
ʦ֮ǰ֮־Ĳλ־֮⣬ӾģӦܹһ־ȫ
üëһȫ˵һ㣿ȻǾص㡣
־ӲǣλҪ컯ͥҪֶ꣬δٳɣʱ֮ʱʵʩ
ɴ˿ɼ֮⣬λ־־
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컯ͥıּʮꣿ
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׷Ļᡣ
˵˵Ŀλ־ϿأȻٴοڣͻȻģνʵǼеġ
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ǵΣ̫࣬ǵ̫ӣʧ˱ġ
־Ͽɣ
⣬ǲƼһú˲ϢһС
Լʦ컯
ǣƺλ沢ûиԼʦᡣ
˵ʵַߣпܾδ컯֮ͥ
ʱпؼ˼λȨƵĴڣ˭ַ
֮࣬ҲӵСģǻش𲻺ãܻǳ鷳
Ҳɺ˼⡣
ʦ𣬵ţ깦
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컯ҲӦΣ
˵妶һ£ʦһ򲽽ַˣ깦ôҲӲʦһλ
νȡ֮˶ΣԼˣ˵
סˡ
ȡ֮˶ΣһƷζһͷ֮˵˵깦Ĺν֮Σ
ʦйй޹޹˵
۾΢΢һй޹˼ǣΪʦһ㣿
磬ȴǲӦˣȴԼ˼
֮⣬ӱ
ķԼʥħ֮սмһҶѡ
ȻˣǾ͸ⳡսٽһͣͬʱҲٴ̽̽ǸҶĵס
ֻҪ̽ĵףƳǿߣʱܹͷҶ棬ҲøעĿˡ
˵͵𣬡ȻˣǸ̽ƻһͿʼʵʩɡ
һһĵģһʦ⵱йذ̫󣬻ֱӸı䵱ǰսµҶս֣Ҫʵʩһ°¶
ذԽ󣬹ͲҲǸҲ־Ŀ𣿡ңң⡣
ڰ¶㲻õؼһʱΪʦԳ֡˵
ʦȻҪԳ֣妶ԴˣȻǳ𾪡
ǰֻΪʦԳ֣ܱһʧüƻɹһЦ⣬˵ˣôˣΪʦҲڿԻһֽˡ


3072 죿
նҶĵݷã˿⣬·ϵҶһ
ʦ֣֪컯ʲôݷվܾҶֵʦȲҪžܾʦֲ֪֪࣬ʦֶµĲ²뷨
ʦ컯ΪͶĲԳľӦûһԼļ⡣
˵꣬Ҷ泤Ҿһʾ̡
Ҷ˵˳ϿУҲ̫ܣ˵Ҳû׼
ʦӦǿׯʦʰﺮڵֶΣٴҵİɣʵ
Ҷ˵ͷûڴ֮ǰһֱΪֶΣ޷컯ʩչģû뵽ʦ߸ҵĹ
޷ʩչҡҡͷʩչ֮
ʱķգһʦһʦ̵Ҷ˵⵱е֡
ʵǽ컯껹ԪֻԪ䱾ʶһ
ȻȻͻܵطӰĺͿơ
֮䣬طͨĲ𲻴󣬵֮䣬ȴűʵĲͬ
ߵ͵Ԫ飬Դ֮ˮһѵĿܡ
컯˵ԪΪ컯˱ͨ־Դ־Ӧһ̶ϲϵĲԪģԴ֮ˮ
ʱסҲԲ׳ָĿܡ
֮ǿطɿԿ컯ˣǣȴŲȷԡ
˵һ죬˼ҾͰˡ
Ƿǳصġ
˭ԼĹ
Ĺ䲻ȱԼһڣǿҪġ
ԣطʩչ컯ϡ
ֻߣʦׯһֱֶĨȥʶΪֻ֪սս顣
ڵĳﺮһ
ĨȥʶֶΣȴ˭ʩչģһʦׯҲҪǿ󷨸֮󣬲ʩչ
ǣս飬ֻ֪սֻǱܵĻָ˷涼ܲһμӸҶȵĴսֻܳΪƷڻҡ
ǣⲢ컯ࡣ
컯컯ʧȥֻ֮ʣ²лֻ꣬Ҫߺ֮Ҳܹ컯ͥɡ
ʦַյƲ⣬ӦĳطҶѾˡ
Ҷ˼ŷ֣ǿλս飬
ʧȥν࣬ȻԸطս飬սʶΪûսͬȽ׵ߣҪһΡ
Ȼλս飬һ
ЩôλսҲżԼ粻뿪Ǽʥ̫Զ
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ΪѾʥ巽ԲǧﷶΧս
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3074 Ʒ
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ǲ֪û֤ķţҶЩġ

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˰죬ҶҲûӵп֤ķ
ѣҶͽԪ鰢鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪԼСͬ
ǶӰʲô뷨򣿡Ҷʵ
ⲻǽ·£ٴ麣𣿡Ԫ鰢Ļش죬ȻصģҲֻҶһİۣشûκμֵ
ǽӦǻǳҪⳡ䣬ӦֻҪúʱпǿ߾ͷ
Ӱ񣬽ӦǴСϪӣؼˮһӣٴ麣Ԫ˵
Ԫ˵Ҷüͷ΢΢һһ㲻һ˵
ǰԪı䣬úʱǿ߾ͷ
һ㣬ҶͻȻ뵽֤֮ϣǲǴţСͨķط־
һˣҶͻȻֿϵĸо
ƺʦ½֤֮İأӦþ
Ҷ濿Լ޷߶طǣҶȴԼӵͨԼյ߶ĳһط
Ӧþ֤ķ
õͽ׵ҲҶĿǰԼȫ߶ط
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷʦ½ĵڶӰ⡣
׹ףǶͻƣҶ滹һͷˮ
Ҫǻ㹻ܹ֤ؼܹ֤ߣ֪
״ˣҿһӰƺ㿴⽳ש֮ʱÿһש£ϲÿһשܹѹ²שһѹһ̵ĸǽ
֮˳˲ֵששǽͺ涼ʧȥ˵ѹƣשǽźȻ
״ˣҿеһҵľϵϵһֱϵˡؼʵˡ
С˵Ҷ۾͵صɴ͵شһƣͣ
˵ʲô
״ˣҸղ˵ؼˣСЩɻ
һ䡣
״ˣ˵ˣҵľϵϵȴֱϵˡСһͷˮ
Ҷ۾˸Բͷ·ʧȥʶһŴ۾ԭء
ԺУȴ췭ظ
Ҷƺҵ֤ķ


3078 ɹ
ʦ½ġ¼ݣҶʲô֤
׹ףҪͻƣȴҲǳĲס
ҪȻҲ޷֤
֤Լͷʽַͨκĳһط֮
ˣǺǴ߶
־ԴӦ֮ˡ
߶Ҳ֤ͻַʽ
Ҳ֤Ѷںսڣ
һܹһط֮һ㡣
е߶ԾһȺ;ҪԸһ߾ߣҲֱǲܵ
ǵ;ͻһһ߾ߣǰ߾սͻһ㡣
Ҳһ㡣
ѶȣǵѶȡ
ѵģ֤ĵһ
ҶѾյЩطĺһطأ
Ѿҵˣ·ȴޱȡ
սȶܱҲƽ״̬Ҷɴڲ
֤ط֮Ҷ޷ʱռģֻһĺʱ䡣
ʱռʱΨһôǣÿҶ波ԸַԼľƣʱ򣬻صʱռڣ̵ʱڻָٴγԣΪҶԼʱ䡣
ˣҲǳǳ
ҶڳһһһÿζҪȫԸÿһζʧܡ
Ҷóģȴʧܽᾭ顣
Сԣһһһ
ҪյǵططȻһط֮ǳĸӣ˵ףȴǳǳѡ
ҶǴһһεʧУһܽᡣ
Ҷ뷨ǣˣʵʵҶȴ֣ûô򵥡
ôط֮ѹ㣬κ
˼֮Ҷʦ½µĵٴ麣Ӱµʶ
ƣ
شƣ
Ҫ֤ҪشƣٽشƷֶ֮
󣬾һεĳԡ
ڣ㹻ḻĵҶ波ԡ
кдӣɽԭʼɭ֣мɽڡ
ûгɹ
һδεʧУҶҲǻһδεľ顣
ΣҶѾƳط֮ǣ޷޷߶ˣȻʧˡ
ܽôεʧܾ֮Ҷ죬ѡһɽڣɽ·ԭʼɭ֣ԭʼɭڣһʵĴӡ
һΣҶ㶯ˮľסϵ
ҲҶʱǱͻΪƵΪӵһͻƼƻ
ȣҶţ˿ޱ޼ơ
Щȫ۶£Ҷľ֮£ߵ֮ǰɢ
ҶͿʼ߶ԼˮľϵطӶؼϵطһƬڲͣĲš
ΪҶطһƬ˲ǱɾһüΪ
ɽ֮䣬еĻľʼ賤໨ݾǴ˼ѪһڶʱڿήȻٴο
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γ£ĻľͻȻԣϲ֮
ĻľԣҶﲻϧ߶ľϵطӵĻԾˡ
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Щǿġ
ģȴǸɽڡ
Ҷȫ߶£ǸѾõĻɽͻȻðȵϢ
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С͡
һɽֵľС󣬸ӵ鶯ĸ죬ؼһĪϢ
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ศ֮£Ҷ治ϴ߶ľϵˮϵطҲ˴ȵ
ⲢҶĿġ
Сţ˴꣬ؼɵģҶĿ߶£ˮϵľϵһɲʢ˼¡
Ǵʱ
һҶ˻ɽڣҶԼڻϵط裬˻ϵطʼֱɽڵҽ
ʵϣһǰҶ£ҶĻϵֱע£ҽڲϵš
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һ˲䣬ؼˮϵľϵͱǵĻϵѹƵ˼¡
ľϵ飬ҽǰ⵽˼µĻ
ͬһɲǣҶĴ߶ľϵطʩչ˻һⷽԲǧĻľһɲǣ˾źͺС
ǲʣ
ǿ־壡
Ǻ
ԵĻľźڤڤ־
ĺ˹Ĺעһ
һޱȵĲͻȻʹؼɢɢЩľ
˲Ϣ䣬ЩľǱһһȻǳ˽һٵƶͼһƬ֮ء
ˣ
ӦһеҶ棬һһһֱûд߶ϵطȻ䷢ͻȻñʯͷӲЩľε˵ر޷롣
ҽƽһƬؼµĲͻȻͱǿӲ
ıԣصһ־ľϵĶˡ
ǴʱҶ棬ȴһսĽһĲã¾ЩľĿܡ
ؼ²ԽԽǿԽԽҶӦһ־
ǣ޷ҶĸԵҽҶԸӦ־طŭΡ
Ҷһ̣΢΢һ
ƣΧһ
ҶķſһСڣ˲Ϣ䣬Щľǵŭط֮Сӳ˹ȥ
Ҷֹӡ
ǵ취֮ٴľٴη˾İ
ȻҶһεĻһصſһӣͬʱѾӦط֮Ҷ棬Ҳʼ߶Լڵط
֮ؼط֮ѧˣҶָ֮£ЩĻľ
ָУҶ治ϵתʦ½µͻ컯֮־Ҷָط֮УҶԪ顣
ҶɫԪ飬ʼԴɱ䡣
ڲϵָУط֮ҶָӵԽԽӦ֡
ɹ
ңֻǿʼ
ֻͻƵĸоҶϸоѱ


3079 ̫
꿤һسǣа̨أسǴڳ꿤Ƕ
꿤سϡٲͬⳤ꿤̨سǣȴǼΪ֡
سס£سľʶѾΧ˼Ȧˡ
ÿһָͷӿ𣬶һڣֹ˻
ģģǱҶ󳷵ħ̫µļʮħ
ħ嵱ָϵΪҶĿ޼˾Ѳ񽫾ɱ˴еͼ֮ħָӱʮֲ
ԣħ̫¾±о
ͬʱҲħ̫Ļˡ
ΪڴʱͷĻȥҪʧȥյʸ
ֻ֡
һƣȻ󾲾ĵȴ̵ܲսɽС
Ǿǵඡ
˵ʧܣ͵Լʤ
ħ̫µ֣ħʶ̫׷ħ̫Ӵƶ˴ܣôµһδҲͲʲôˡ
ʱﶼһȥˡ
ԣħ̫¾ƽسǡ
ǡãҶڻ֮Ҳû׷ͻһԵᡣ
о⣬ͨʿԣɶǿ¡
ھٶԣһͳ˧˵ɾҪúܶࡣ
ԶԣľǱȽϽȫģһͳ˧õ㣬Ҳò̫ࡣ
־ǳ࣬зƣôŮȵȡ
ħûôˡ
Ƕħ̫Ķԣо̣ǶԣʵǻһйѣսҲˡ
ʱħ̫£һƣһ߹ۿŮūŵĸ衣
еŮūٵħū壬вٽū
֮£ħ̫¸ϲŮū
ֺֽᣬħūŮһȣЩħūŮԣһ߯Ȥ
䣬ħ̫һ֣ͽһŮū˹ȥһħ彫죬״׷׹Цѧ
ͻأģһ͵شϢıûϢȴҡ
Ůūħ彫죬һ˲仯˷ɻҡ
һͬɷɻҵģǿӳԪ顣
˻˲Ϣ
̫𣡡
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ħ̫ɷɷ׵ģڷһ˲䣬ڵŮūʮλħ彫죬˲Ϣ仯ɷɻҡ
ڣʱʣ߸ˣħ̫뱣컯
ֻǣħ̫²֪ǣܱǧףҲȫ˻ҽ

һ߳ոս߾ȫŵסһ̫ħ컯񽫣ɫұ䡣
̫ӵ£ߣ
ͬһɲǣһⶸؾ컯ǰڣҲȼڴ
µ̫⣬ȴǳʻα
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ħ컯ˣһ˲ͻ˻ҽˡ
Դ
˲Ϣҷ
̫ϯħ̫£ʱҲ֪ͷƽٶõĸֱ֮ȫ߶
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һ֪ϣıո⣬ͻ˻ҽ
ħ̫·𺳡
֪ϣ˵ϹħۼƵı컯ҲԱһ
ڣֵ˲Ը˻ҽ
ǰϮߡ
𾪹𾪣ħ̫£ȴѾûл֪˭ˡ
ڱɻҽɲǣֲ̫𣬾ħ̫¡
ʵ֤ħеĻѪ⣬Ҳգ֮Ҳһѻҽѡ
ħ̫£ôϢ
ӶݳԪ飬⾪˵̫ǰҽûзˡ
ħ컯񽫣ֲĻǰǼֵá
ǣħ̫±ٻɻҵɲǣͻȻͱǰĻ𺣣
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˭һˣ
Уħ컯񽫣Ҳڿֲ̫У˻ҽ
֮£ֻ˶Ϣѡ
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ûϢЩħоͶһЩ
򺣾ɱˣܰ
Ҷɱˣ
̫ӵ±Ҷɱ˰
ģĺӸ𣬱˼ӵħĺ


3080 
ħʥǡ
ƽΡȻྲޱȵʥͻȻǧ⻪ʥϿգʥħΪ֮ĿЩ˽Ȿħ壬Ŀɿڴ
ǧʥڷĹ⻪ȫħʵ׾
ʥҲħʵľ
ǧ⻪Գʱȫħʳеֻ̣ǵһѡ
󣬸Ĺ⻪ԾʥϿգԽԽȫͷ޴ŵ쳵գħʰʮλ컯ϢĻ£̤쳵
ɵħ̣ħʷʥɽķħڡ
˾٣ʥڵһħ֮
׷ʲô£Ȼħʳọ̈̄ǰħ񹬣
Ҫ֪ħʰЩԽ˥ԪãһֱԪ٣ٳʥ
ȻżҲʥħ񹬴֪
ħӱϽħ񹬹ұ
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ԣܶʱħʰǰħ񹬼֪ϣʱ򣬶ǰִ
ǣһǰħ񹬣ħʰ껾Ȼֱọ̈̄ħʰһħʵݣ˳ǰħ񹬵ģǳǳʽ
ͬʱҲħʰ껵һ̬ȣǿӲ̬
϶Ƿ˴ˡ
顣
ʥڣħĹǣ峤ǣŷۣʼ׷ѰԴ
ħڣ֪ϣĳԸһӰȥӭħʰ껡
Ȼħʰ껰ڳ̣ôħҲóӦӭӣǶħʡħڲƶء
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֪ϣҡҡͷҪҲ²⣬ˡ
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ͬΪ֪ħʦİ࣬þ֣ôܣ
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ħʰеš
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ͬʱǸˣҲħڲɵĴеļּأ֪ħʦ࣬Ҳֻ֪ħλӰΪǰʹﵽ컯۷壬ûͻƵ컯
ǣûͻ컯һλ컯۷Ӱħ㹻е컯Ϊ֮ɵˡ
Ϊħʴ˹֪ħʦΪӣҲû뿪
Ȼŭɽħʰ껻Ǳֳ㹻ĿƺƣȰ֪ħʦϣϾôħʣɲǰġ
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ħʰ°΢΢һȴ֪ħʦϣĽ͡
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֪ħʦϣ˵ĺϣúŭħʰһһȭ޻ϵĸо
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ǣһΣ֪ϣȴûκξʾ
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󱬳ĸԭҲħʰ
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ѪǳԲַѪծѪ֪ϣĻشǳļ
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ɱһӣǾǸĻҵѪ
֪ϣĴ飬Ա֮ˣڴܣ֪ϣɱ
ãǾˡ

֪ϣܼĴħʰ껵ĻȻ£Ȼ˵ң޷Ԥ֪վϷߵ⣬䡣
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ʵħʹôսĻѪ˽ٵһս֮⣬ٴû˹
׷ԭҲǴܺħ屣ĺá
˵ʵ˵ģֻҪħʰ껽֪ħʦҲӰħӰɳȥɵ˵ܵĻӣãܻᱻһˡ
ͬģǲϧ۵λ񽫹ֻħļλӣ¶Ҫ군
˫֮ԲһĬԭˡ
ΪͳߣִͿˣԼҪģ
˵ˣеսħʻǴܵĵǶֻǸ߸ϵĹۿߺƶ߶ѡ
ˣʦĿǰ鱨ɱҶߣҶ棬õ̫ʦΪΣħʰʵ
£֮ǰǾ͵õ鱨Ҷ棬ȷʵ̫
⼸һֱҶսԱҶɱĿԣǳؼ䣬ð̫ˣǳϡ١
ûð䣬ǲҶ棬Ҫ顣
ǣûð䣬ǲҶ棬Ҷ棬
֪ϣɱɣħʰҲ΢΢ͷ֪ԭ
ĻΣʱ֪ˣֻ磬ʱҶնɱħħ̫һ£Ѿˡ
Ϊħ棬ħϣħѪİȫҶ棬


3081 ͻ
ħ̫һ£ħڲȻ󲨣ħʰ֪ϣڴߣȴû̫Ĳ
Ҷ֪µĴţ·һԺˣط棬ѹ֪顣
Ҷڳ꿤һٻħ̫µĴ֮Ҷ沢û׷ᡣ
һΪ򺣾þսʧĴȫҪͻָս
Ҷħ̫²ûг׸ϳ꿤мص˼
ֻҪħ̫»ڳ꿤ڣôҶгɾܾһпܵ
ʥ׼˾
ȥ˾ЧҶ治ǽ˵İŵԸ
ԣħ̫س꿤ƽ֮Ҷֻǽ򺣾ֻǽµһһħսū밲ƽһСפ
һ߹߹£һ߼ħ̫µĴһ
򺣾Ҫ
ֻ꿤ԭ͵عϡǾలƽСǣҲǧ֮⡣
Ҷɹȥ򺣾жһ֮ܣħ̫µĴӪطûãͷˡ
˳򣬻컯ǰ̽
ħ̫Ǳ߲дĽ컯ˣһǷһһѰʲô
ȥĳ컯ˣѹ̽õϢ
ֻ֪ħ̫µĴڲ˴䣬дˡ
ϢֻͨĿǰ꿤ĺڡ
͸żֹ쾢ûΣѾֻɳز鱨
ħ̫µĴĻңڴ˻ᣬɳħսūħ壬ɹ˽ȥ
ֻħЩսūӶΪ򵥣ʱŲ
ҶһԺˡ
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Ǳ޵Ҷ棬鱨һӦǸˡ
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ͻˣ
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֤ܺط֮Խ࣬ǿʼط֮ʱҶһ׵ĸо
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Ҷʱֻϣħ̫£ֻʧٶѡ
ͬһʱ̣ҶóòõСŲ̣Իȡһֵ鱨


3082 ʵĺڹ
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ĿǰĺĴ½ɹرģֻħѪܻѪմ
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֮ħ̫ôħͿչƱ
컯òսȻֹǺĴ½εĹصġ
絽ڣ컯Ļȣʼû컯ǿ֣߳˵컯ˡ
ԭܼ򵥣컯ǿƻ̫һȫ֣µ油֮Ĵ½Ҳܲסǵȫ
ڣħȴпͻǱء
붯Ϲħ񣬾ʵ֤
ħϹħΪߣ۷塣
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ԣҶֻ뾡һа취˦
ǣҶ˦һһجһ鱨ͻ˹
ţħ̫´һǰ֮ʱдħ御Ϊ򺣾Ϯ򺣾Ԫ˧ҶʴͻϮÿһҴħ壬˵
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ԡ
ܳ˭ʮ˲ӣҪҵ㣡Ҷŭ
ίʵҶ汻ӵҵһΣ


3083 
ѺΣҶѡֻһȸ˵
ԣҶڵһʱ򺣾ڳ꿤ǰƽصľӪ׼ǰ׼ԱӦ䡣
ԭҶ뷨ǣġ
Ѱ˼˺üȦҶ淢֣ƺûаֿ
һӦþǴܸˡ
ǣҶ淢֣ϻôܸ֧֣ûʲôԡ
ȣͬǸɹصάߡ
ɸ֧ԮҶ棬ôǲǾʹħ̫УдܵӰӣ
ħͻʮԴܻĵϵѪ֡
Ŀǰ¾֪֮󣬰Ըժ
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Σ͸ˣĴ׼˾ҶȥҶͲˣô֧Ԯ
ȻҶ뵽ڵλ̫Ҳλʦְæ
ħ컯ǿߣλʦһλֵܵ
鷳ڣǵڣλʦҲ֣ǰ¶Լ
䣬κһ컯ǿߣᱻע
ҪǣҶĳλʦֳ֣סħ컯ħƱ֮£ħǳ˸컯أ
Ҷܲλʦȫְɣ
»λʦִħ壬Χ˾ͻϽ١
λ컯¶Ŀǰٷ֮١
˼ãҶͶˡ
һ٣ֻܿҶԼˡ
ϳ˰ɡִﰲƽ֮Ҷ漸ûʲôԥ͸´˳˵ľ
㲿ʱΪ㣬ǧΪλжĺţм
Ҷ͸ųأȻȻԵǰ̬˽⣬ޱȵıһγˣ򺣾һΡ
򺣾ڣҶľϣӣûκѡ
ϿʼִҶȴֿʼ꿤´µľ
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һҶܶӣŭħ壬»ɷһ㣬ҶŲɡ
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Ҷĳ֣꿤Ǹ԰ǣҶոյִﳤ꿤ʱյļ
ƽسǱĪֵħǿߣֱΪƽء
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һ㾯Ѷûյ
⣬ʧĿʼ
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ǰħǿߣ޼ɵ
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û򺣾ǿǿħħǰ͸Ӳࡣ
˧عƣҾȫ볤꿤ǵİȫ볤꿤֮ⲢսԷɢأҲáһ죡
ͬõ¾ĺ˻ƣ˭Ҳûϵһһֱޱȵľ顣
ҶŶһʾ֪ˡ
ڼˣ˧ǣħٶȣӰƽسǵ꿤ǣòʱɣ
ţôˣ
˧ڶҶķӦһĲ졣
ҶȴŤŤӣþáûзһսˣ
һʱģ
仰ֶҶ棬ͻȻ⣬Զ
ո͵ԴϢͬʱޱͷųУմĿ¸Ҳԣ


3084 ׶
ޱͷԴϢҶ棬ǳҹеһ޴Ļһ
˸ӦͬΪ컯ǿߣ֮⣬һʱܸӦ
ԭ꿤ǵħ컯ʱͷ쳣
ΪȫͷԴϢΪ컯Ⱥ嵱У൱ս飡
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ͷԴϢˣȻǴеĸĿꡪ򺣾Ԫ˧Ҷ档
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ʱȷҶݡ
ر֮£ԭֱ˳꿤ǣҲҶĻͳ꿤ǣȻһ·ƽȥֱҵҶ߱Ҷħһ컯ʱֱҶڵķλ
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ָоضѹҶ棬ֱҶѹɷ顣
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컯Ҳ֪ħʦüëͻһ͸ɱߺ꣬ʦ״ӣ˼Сʦܡ
ԼΪסȡʱӢҿȻǳǳ޴ǣɷǳǰɣ
ԣҽһ棡Щˣ˭ѡһɣ
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ȻħʦԶҶʵһ˽⡣
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ҳϣ֮ǰɱ컯ˣǣ֮У컯컯֮䣬Ҳž޴ġ˵ħʦҡҡͷʵӵʱ䣬ڳ꿤ĳ˶ԣûκô
ħʦһ˵Ҷע⵽һΧħ컯࣬ǰħ컯ͬ
ڴ֮ǰҶħ컯඼ħеλ࣬塢ħħżħ塢ţħ塣
ǣǰʮһλħ컯ȫħеλ壬ħ塢ħħħΪλħ弫ټ
ħеλħ壬ս츳ͨǿ󣬶һõԴҲǳĶ࣬ѹλħܱȵģҶѾ˰Ե˼ȴһҲ
һ׶
ҶЦħʦЦҶȻƣȴЦ
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λͣˣ
Խڶɲǣλ컯񽫺ڵħҶ淢ǿϮ
ԼͬģΧҶħ컯ǣ׷׺ˣڳսȦ
ͬһɲǣ꿤ǳͷʴڵĵڲȴҵ


3085 㱾£
ʵģ꿤ĿǰΪҶľҶǰҲפڵ컯ӡ
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ԣǺˣӦ󲿷ħ컯
һҶӭУҶ沢ûдڵʮλ컯ҶԼĿǡ
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ļ䣬ǰֱӱħͷ­شħʣԴԭļ䣬ǿԳɱħġ
ڹؼʱ̣ȴλ컯סˡ
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ǣǰħʦԣȴǵһڲǧ׷Χ֮ڣֱסҶĴڡ
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ħʦľ񣬾㱾£Ҷ°͸߰һıơ
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ֲãҪǣ
ĿһĻ컯ӣһ˷ޱȡ
ǣһλ컯˲Ϣһˮһøոռ˷ޱȵڵӳĬ
컯


3086 ǺҪ
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ҶԪ˧㲻ıԣİ
ҶȻһ
ħģȴͬ˵ħʦ°΢΢һһɱҶ棬Ҷ
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ոɲǣħʦͷеĽſ
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ʱ˿̣ȴĿá
һɲǣ˵;ȻŴΧ컯ħ壬Ȼһʧɫ
컯ħʦ츳ͨΧ£ĿҶ澹Ȼƾʧˣ
ǵģڽ⼰֮ǰҶʧˣʧ֮ǰҶ滹һɤӡ
ԣٲҪҲòסң
һռ䲨΢ɲ졣
컯Ӷغһλ컯񽫣λ컯ʱͲˣ֮ǰѾܱգ˶ߵĿռ䲨һֹ񣬲ͻƣӦǾͨռͨǿΪ׼
컯ղûз
һ̣͸Ź졣
ȫ߶츳ͨطӰ֮£˵Ҷһ벽컯ͬȽ׵컯Ҳܲ
Ҷ棬ȴڹؼʱ̱ܿˡ
ִǰܿˣȥһ㡣
ǣȴ߾⣬Ҷ϶ʲôֽš
ֻʱǵأҶΪ
ڿռʧܣҲ׷
Ͼʧˣô컯񽫵ĿռʧܣҲ㲻ɽܵġ
ڣҪٴҵҶ棬
ħģĲһ԰ԶԲǺҪʵҲҪ
֣֮Ҷ淽һɱħ񽫵ֶξʦǰʨӲȫĽ̻壬Ծ;Գ֡
ħ彲ʵʣԳ֣סҶ棬ս
˭޻˵
ˡ
ҪǻȥɾĶˡ
ҪǣʦҲ޷
׷
컯ħʦǱųһ͸űۣڳħе컯ͷ
׮£ˣȻȥҲԲ˺á
룬һ߾ܵĶͨط׷ҶķǼλħ컯
ħȻ츳ǿռϵֻǷϵڿռϵϣȴҪħǿ࣡
ֻǣ׷֮⣬ͻȻͳһһԴϢ
컯һȻϾͷӦ˹
ҶϢҶųϢǡ
˵Ҷ˻ڸ꿤Ǿĳȡʱ䡣
ֻ˵ڱı꿤ǵľ
޴Ӣۣ
׷
ָָ֮ǸһϢķ컯ԼһǸ
ʱ˿̣컯Ȼûκι˼ɣǳϣҪȫ֣Ҷ档
컯Գȥһ컯컯˾͵ͷ˹ȥ
컯ԵٶǺε֮죬һ컯Уֻλħ컯ǿܸϡ
컯׷Ҷ棬һҶԴϢҲڷٵƶš
һһġ
ÿһΣʮǼʮٶȼ졣
ٶȣ컯ԣһʱ֮侹ȻҲ׷ֻǿȥ
ħʦףҶڽпռŲơ
ħʦԶ׷Ҷ棬ȴǳġ
һҶ֮ľڲϵСţò˶ã׷ϡ
ͲˣָƵռŲļͲˣҶһ벽컯ܹȥ
׷Уħʦȴûз컯Ķ飬Уһϡĳ


3087 
컯Σ󶼻һռŲƵķţ㲻ޣΪ˸·㣬Ҳģٶȶˡ
˵컯ˡ
컯ǿߣֻ˳ֵĲһ¿ռ䷨ǵΪ軹ԴǿҲΪ
ԣʱ̣Ƕ̶̰ӲʱҶѾӳ˽ǧ컯֪ħʦԣҲ׷˽ǧ
һ컯񽫻컯ˣʱֱһĽǧ·֮ϣ𼱻õ׷ء
Ҷ棬Ѿӳ˳꿤ķΧӽħؽ硣
ˣ
ͷӦһ£Ҷһ͵ͣ
ͣɲǣһСҶ֮ʣȻͱҶ˳
ҶųΪϢȻӱѹƵ컯񽫳ڣָ컯۷塣
ҶʮԸĽ
ҲֻǻָΪֻ壬ҪȻЩԸԶԶ
ֻһĻᣡҶ濴ŻָһΪûã϶һ֮ɫ˵
㲻شҲɾ޴ţңܶӲ
ӦԶǼٽӽ컯Ϣ촽һף
ĿҶ΢΢һתЩȻŶãҶ˵ΪͻˣͻƵ컯
ԣһϢ
ҶΪԽǿҶƿصĻᣬԽã
֪ħʦٶȿ쵽˼㣬ҶֻԭͣһϢĹ׷ˡ
׷ĹӰһž޹ʼи֣ɷҶע£һע˾޹С
ҶĿһе񹭵ϢͻȻͱÿֲ
Ҷ֮ǰҵʩչļҪˣ
·ǸӦԶ컯ַ·ҵ˶ֻ֣һΣξͱǧɴСΡľˡ
Ǿ޹貵ıʯޱȵעĿ
֪ħʦԸӦ侪ˣȻһĻ
Ҳڴʱ͵ضˡ
Ǳܵһ㣬͵һһǧе񹭣ҲǶˡ
һһÿһ֪ǡ
˲ϢĹӰ·һؼ䱼ܵľһ̶һ˲Ϣӭ֪ħʦԱ
ؼ䣬Ӱ⣡
ÿһϢͻɣһʮļϢͱֻиճʱɡ
֮߳ɵȫעʮļС
ԶһһֲĳУ油֮ĺĴ½Ŀռݣըѷ졣
м䣬֪ħʦŭƺ
һǰչʾս
Ҷȴûжʱ̾
գ
Ҷεƶʥ΢΢һϢ߳ɵػתʥ嵱С
ȫʢʱڣֻҪ߼ˣҵΪָܹʮļս֮£˲ҲʧȥսҶԺ
Ҷ΢΢Ȼ֮ʣȴһ£ս
Ϊʲôûм㴫ǣҲûдң
Ҷɲǣ߳һԪҶߵĿռ΢һҶٴʧ
ԴıɱУȻ䴫֮ڣ
͹ȥҶҲ
һսľ޴󣬿Ļָ¶ʱ޷ٴγսģҪڶٴγսҪʯԸ
ҶȴԥûУһھкʯԸӿʥ֮ڡ
Ҷ֪С̡
ϵָḶָ́ʵ
Ҫڴ֮ǰҶ滹Ǻܵĵġ
ڣҶ֤Դ֮ҶһҲˡ
˵ʥ֣ҶΪͻƣǸɣΣ
Ҷ浽ڣ֮ǰħ컯񽫾ħһսҶȻЩ֤ˣ
Ϊ鱦ҶͻƵ컯ܹ֮ӳ֮鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪĿռͨǼǿ׼ġ
һ˲䣬ͽҶ͵֮߰⣬ʮѭ컯֪ħʦԵĹ켣׷Ҷħ컯ǰ
һλħ컯񽫣ʮһλħ컯ˡ
һٶȲģҲġ
طҶϢǰ;ˡ
Ҷһֵͬģҵλ䣬Ҷͬһʱ
ʸ𣡡


3088 ͷ
ʸҶǰ׼ɱ֮һ
֮ǰնɱı컯񽫰֮컯ɾƵģɱǿ
׵Ϊ͵ʹʱɱǾˡ
֮Ҷһֱûжá
һ̫Եһ֧һ֧
죬ȴʱ
Ҷµһɲǣ䱸ʸˣ׷׿
սһʵʸսڴ֮ǰط͵ʸ
ˣҶڣսʱռڣѾĴޱȡ
һҶʸǾӦôԸˡ
һ˲䣬£ݵƿ˲Ϣһʡ
ʮһһ˳ɲǣͻ˶ʮ´µӰ˸ԵĿꡣ
һ˲Ϣա
ӭʮһλħ컯λħ컯񽫣ڻûзӦ֮ǰͱӭ䡣
ҶͻȻ֣ӵħ컯񽫣ľ㵹Ҳˡ
ϾǿҶսǷǿʮһλ컯ˣλ컯񽫡
֮ǰҶնɱλħ컯񽫣ƾĶۣһԭ
ԣ˲Ϣ;һᡣ
ܹܻ߻ɱҶ棬ܹ֪ħʦԵܹͣô֪ϣ͡
˲Ϣ䣬ǾĶˡ
ǣҲһ˲䣬Ǿͺˡ
´µӰ䣬ͻȻͱһıһ
һʸֱӺ䱬һλħ컯˵Դħţħûк鱦ǿķɱ֮
һʸͷ
󣬵ڶʸǵĲдԴ
˲Ϣ䣬ؼѪ١
һů־еĽҶ桢˵ڡ
Ҷ滹˵־ĽںЩˣĿǰԣڲطʱ죬׸ط֮⣬ƺûĺô
ǣ˵Ⲩ־ɲǣϢ͵ôһСأҶЩ⡣
йɱħ֮־Ľ֪٣þ֪Ҷֻ̽ˡ
ʸԸһλ컯ˣҶ趨һǳյս
Ͼ컯Ĵڵֶβһǲա
ԣڽսУҶҵˣÿʸͬһʮʸ
У˵ʮÿԸһλħ컯ˣҶһħ컯ֻһʮһԸŸĿꡣ
ҶļʸȴÿһĿ꣬λħ컯ڡ
ҶԲһ͸ɵһλħ컯񽫣ʸҲܡ
ǣҶĹȴܹסǡ
ΣҶ䣬Ƿǳġ
ѪһգһϮУʮλħ컯˵ɱ
ؼѪһ
λħ컯ˣȻֻҶһȴҲܴᣬϬޱȵʸǶǵţǾ֡һλħ컯ˣıȴǼ࣬Ҷһ֮£Ȼֻˣδ
˵ʵսҶ沢⡣
˼ǧֶԣܾһ˲ĹûС
ʱħ巽Żλ컯񽫣Ѿ׵ıɵˡ
˲Ϣɱʮλ컯ˣҲˡ
һɲǣǱܷӦһģλħ컯񽫣תӡ
ѾûҶ
Ϊ컯ΪӵƾõѾʧȥƴ
״ҶЦ
컯ûӵ˻
ʵλ컯񽫲һеǳ˵һ
ǣתӣֱͷݡ
ûͷݡ
ͨӵ䣬䣬ϲľǷŷݡ
һλֶԣȫģ෴ģΣյġ
һɲǣƿٴһ
ոתλ컯񽫣ͱѪꡣ
֮ǰݱһλħ컯ˣסˡ
ԭ뷨ǳ壡
ȥˣλ컯ǿսһ
һʱ䣬ԮˣҲһ
ǣѡ
̾䣬ͱԴ
ؼѪӵ㡣
ˣҶڣǵڵɱ꣬ڴʱ˿̣˼ǳԱһ
ǵ񹭵ϢҲٴοʼɱ䡣
ҶǰȥϢһɲǣٴγ׷ſ
Ҷ泹׷ſԴϢҹеһ˲ϢôĿޱȡ
֮⣬ոԼԼӦҲİ֪ħʦԣȥϵѪ֮͵ػͷ˺󷽣ͫ׶һ
Ҷѵǡɽ
ԴڴڵľҴϢţѪģҼ磬ؿڵĴƬã֤˲ᡣ
Ƿŵɵ˺
ôҲû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼĺֵ
ǿѹ·ŭԳһ˷ԪͻһʵʵԪ˰Եڡ
˲Ϣ䣬ԲǧԪΪ֮һա
ҼؿڵƣҲʼٵ䶯ָ
ƵĻָУħ֪ħʦ컯ٴʧһռ䲨ҫһ㣬˷ҶϢĵط
֪ħʦԳȥɲǣҶոſϢǹһ˲Ϣʧ
ռŲе֪ħʦԸӦҪɽƣֻ⻢֪𣿡


3089 Ϲħ
Ҳ֪ħʦ컯Էٵķ·صʱҶȻ˴ԭʧ
ҶͻƵ컯ȻתΪ컯׻ָ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪͣѾȡ
֮Ҷͳһħ컯ǰ
һħ컯ˣֻ࣬λ컯ˣû컯ˡ
ͻأֵҶˣħ컯ˣֻھ㵵һ˲䣬ͻѪ뻺Ҷڵ־Ľ
߸컯ħ壬Ҷλ䣬ÿ˻
Ҫ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫֵ̫ͻأ˵ûһ˿һĶ
ǵǰ·һͻȻͱˡ
Ҫǣ컯񽫺ڵıĹͷ͵ʸЩ컯˾ħ壬һ˿һķᶼûС
˲ϢͱˣǾɱһ
߸֮Ҷ΢ԪʹҶʧȥգѰĿꡣ
֪ħʦ컯Ϊڿռ䷨ϵҲǲǳȫٶҲǲ
ʮ֮󣬾͸ϵ˵һ·ص㡣
ϵ·صİԣֻһǾ͵س鶯һ¡
ĽеĻҪҡ
Ȼֳûκһʬ壬ǣ컯ǿӦȻĸ֪λ컯ʮһλ컯ˣ
ʧ
޴ʧ
ʱ˿̣ȻٻҶʵ
ɣЩڡ
˵ףҶ档
һʼԳ֣˵Ͳôʧˡ
˲ʹˣ
ʧҶȥҲ޹⡣
ʵħڲҲҪƤġ
Ϣ֮󣬰ָϵһ·ص㡣
Ѫ絹ҵһйλ컯ϢðԵ͵س鴤һ¡
쵰㵽ڸʲôԳ
ǣȴûлӦ
֪ħʦԵżٵһ£ٴſڴԲǧԪٴλɺԵڣԵԵתͬʱٴʧ
ûϢϵһصİԣͿץˡ
ʮ
һλ컯񽫼Ӿλ컯ˣ䡣
Ϊֹһʮλ컯ѾʮҶ֮֡
㱻նһ롣
˵ʵֱš
ʮλ컯λ컯񽫣֮ǰҶʧλ컯񽫣Ѿλ컯ˡ
ʧħԣҲǼ޴ʧˡ
֪ħʦҲ˲ŭĳϣҲùҲкӹ
Уûһ˿һĶ
֪ħʦֻٴθһص㡣
Ҳͬһʱ䣬ԪҶͨƵĴϴ͡һħ컯
λ컯񽫣λ컯ˡ
ǿһҶҵȫʸ£Ӧÿ̵ʱո
Ԫ͡죡
Ȼķǳ˳Ҷ滹ǷǳСĵġ
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪŴ͡˲Ϣһ
Ҷ涯õ˫졣
ԪĿռͨ͡
ûз쳣
ϣԲ֮⣬ûз
Ҷͷ֮࣬ʱռڵȵ׼
ʱ΢ţÿöʸȻڼϣֵĵһʱ䣬ܷ
һɲǣ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ΢΢һҶλ䣬ͻأĳһλħ컯񽫡λ컯˵ǰǧ״
ûκף
ֵɲǣʮʸĿػӰ˾ַ׷׼ַرħ컯ǡ
ֻΪԻ˵ǻûзӦħλ컯Ҷֵĵط
էһ˾ɵһӭǶʮʸһ
ˣ
ʸҶģ컯ԶǧӮʱ䣬Ѿˡ
ɱһҶҪٴԶݣȻѰսˡ
ֻǣħڵ鱨У֪ħʦλϹħ񣬵
ҶĿǰΨһ͵ĵĵط
ͻأģһҶëȻĸоͻط֡
ǶʮʸǰͻȻһž޴ޱȵͣһţʮҪɱħ컯ʸͱһ£ȫʧ
ҶȻͫ͵һͻȻʶ˲
Ԫ
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪķӦٶȣҶ滹Ҫ졣
Ǿ޴ޱȵͳֵɲǣԪʩչͨҶ뿪
ǣ˷գͻȻǱˮһ㣬ڱεʵʵûһ˿һķ϶
ռ䱻ˡ
ţ
Ҷüëһ壬Ѱƿķ򣡡
⼫ݵĽʱڣ¶ʮʸľ޴ͣ͵һϣһͷ̼̿׵ӡ
һ˫̹ۣҶٺЦ٣ðǱҲб£
ǺˣҶһͷ
ǡ
ӻشӵĸУͻرıɫͻر
һʮǱ죬̼̿׵⻪˸Ҳ޷άΣͻȻͱһߴɵɫۼ׵ӡ
ӱһԣڳʱˡ
ħոյþȵλ컯λ컯ˣͻȻ͵ϥأҵȲμ洴񣡡
Ҷ۾ȴгһߡ
ϣ
ħϹħ洣
һ׮£ͶظҶͷ


3090 ش
ع
ǵҶҶԳֹݣһǰϲŵأﳤֹʥŮ֮⵽ͶħϹħ洵׷ɱ
ʱ붯ֻϹħ洵һͶӰѣ㲻ϡ
ȻӦҲڵʱ컯ֹսĽԭϹħ洵ǸͶӰϢǳޣҲǵ
ҪȻҶһˣҪ֮ء
Ҷųֹӳ֮󣬵عΪ˱ֹȴ䵽˻֮У
ԵعΪڻУ·Ѿˡ
ҶʱأͷһʵǺܸмعġ
Ȼ˵عҶжãʵϣΪҶȫһΪֹعŶҶ⿴ˡ
ΣҶ滹Ǻܸмعġ
ͻȻϹħ洵ı壬ݶԹӵҶͷ
һ˲䣬Ҷһֱĳ嶯
һɲǣҶӦϹħ洵Ϣ֮󣬾͵һ
컯ڣ
Ϲħ洣Ȼ컯ڵǿߡ
ңϹħħڲսսԶһ㡣
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷû˱˼
ڣҶֻһ˼ӳ졣
ֻҪӳ죬һĳɳʱ䣬ҶţնɱϹħΪعʱ̡
ȻҶ滹һ롣
˲Ϣ䣬鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫָ£Ѿʼһ䡣
Ŀغܼ򵥣ΪƿռӳĻᡣ
Ϲħ洿һλ컯ڵǿߣħ嶦ս
ϧǣΪȽ֮ľ޴࣬˵Ľȷǳ
˿񹭣ʸв˺컯񽫾ǿߡ
ǣ컯ǿߣͲһˡ
һСӣ˵һˣȴ˲һȫװľˡ
ռͣҪʮϢϵʱ䣬пƿԪҶԺ
Ҷ鲻䣬ĶħϹħ񣬶ҲҶ档
Գ࣬е㱾¡洵ϸ䣬ȴû϶֣ǷǳĹ۲ķ
ӹ̿ռ䣡ʶҶƿռһ֣ովµ컯컯ˣʱ͸չͨʼӹ̿ռ
ȻʶҶϹħڴˣһǳСģϹħʩչͨطӹ̿ռ
˲Ϣ䣬˵ù
е鷳ˡԪżΪҶİΣġ
ҶȴǷǳ򶨣֮УԪ鰢Ƴһ۰Ԫʲôû˵
洶ž޴ԴҶΪģ׾Сζ۲ţۼϹ⻪ϵ˸ţϵš
ȻСķ
̬ҶЩס
һɲ֮Ҷˡ
ϹħϣħڲĻԽթաơ

Ҷ档
Ϊʲôأ
֮ǰ֪ħʦԣҲ컯ǿߣӲıҶˡ
컯ǿˣָǷǳģĵԴǺ
Ϲħ洲ûмҶ棬ϸĹ۲ߣʱʱľǶ̽ͷһ̽һҶ棬ҪҳǸܹвҶ汳ǿߡ
ʵҶЩΡ
ء
ˣΪ˵֪ħʦԣõĽܾ˵ķӡ
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ٴγսҲָ컯۷пܡ
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ĿǰҶȫ߶µʱռڣҲʱָܻ֮
洣㻹ǵöʮǰǼ𣿡
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㽵ٷͶӰ׷ɱһ˵飿
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һΣǲɱҵķͶӰ˼˱һ˿ԴϹħ洵üɭûκζֵ˼
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Ҳ˹ˣֻǽţǲ֣һУĹ⻪ĶҶ棬ȫǾ衣
㣡
Ц
ָ̽ϢһӿҶܱߣҪ̽ʵ
Ҷܱߴʱȼһ𣬴ʱҶֱӺϵطγɵ棬Լ
ֺ֮£Ϲħ񣬶޷Ϩ
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Ҷˣ򵥡
ԣҪһʱ䡣
Ѳƶ
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λ컯Ҷк֣Ҳӳ졣
һˣҶֵ¹ָĹйһϹħ洡
·𲻾䣬ҶϹħ洵ľ룬ڲϵĽӽš

ҶϹħ洶ŵĵڶĴ½ͨһ֪Щȴڵһʱõ鱨
컯ϢĿŵĳ֣ǺĴ½ж˼̫һĿ
Ȼ˽֪ǶЩڣ֪ġ
һʱ䣬Ǵܣֻ壬ˮ壬ʩչͨطӦߵĶ
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ϲʦ𣬺ϲʦ𣡡һУһϲ⡣
ʦļƲ߳ɹˣħ屻׼ŭˣλ컯һϹħ洣Ҷ棬һһ֮ءЦ
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ϴη֮ر֮󣬱һһˡ
˵һȥúöţҶ˱شڣǺηʥ
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3092 
Ϲħ洷ǳСģҶǲʹĹϡ
ȻżҲеۣһ۶ѣۡ
۲һᣬȻ˽ۣҶȷʵͬ컯Уޱǿ󣬵вλϹħ
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ڴ֮ǰĿ֪ħʦԳԴ
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ҪָƣҲҪƾõʱ䣬һضʮꡣ⻹ǰиʦоϣıӻԭ
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ԣڵȣѾӦ˰ԵϢԶٽӽ
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ʱˡ
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ʱռڣԪ鰢бϹħ촽иˡ

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֪ħʦڵһ˲ϢܹõطӦϵϹħ洡
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洵⣬ӦÿԸ룡
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ȣУʧɲǣ֪ħʦԵ


3094 ӪϹħ
һԼԲʮСկȼ棬žžڶ
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ߴŵ컯񽫣ʱϻ̳Ͽ֣ðԷԸһʩչŸָطͨѰſܵķ
ʮǰ֪ħʦԽӵһɫۼףͺܳ׵ķ֮ǰ꿤ǱҶֵսԣתȥ׷Ҷ档
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ΪҲֻܽ½ȥ
֣ûоҶ棬ӪȵϹħ洵ӰӶûпɥʧ˲Ӫ洵ıʱ䡣
Ҫնɱһλ컯ܿ죬Ҳ
ǰҪɱһλͨ컯񽫻컯ˣҲֻҪһ˲Ĺ
Ҫɱͬ컯ǾҪˮĥĹһǻԵġ
ûеһʱ䣬֪ħʦΪߡ
ԣѡӪȡ
Ԯ
ȻǾԮ֪ħʦԵ棬¾Ķˡ
˵ûʦֵܣʦûˡ
ڣӪʮ죬ȴûκν˷˼䱦Ӫʱ䡣
֪ħʦܹɳΪ컯ŬҲǳҪ˵ǷǳԺǵģҪȻҲᱻ֪ϣΪͽص
˴ʱ˿̣֪ħʦȻ֪ˡ
ס
ѾԤ˳ҶϢٶ׷Ѱȥһ׷ѰһҶħ岿䡣
Ȼһ
ֱһ죬鱨
Ծģٴȥˡ
ٴȥʦĲԭˡ
֪ϣ£һɡ£˭᷸ǵһٴ
֪ħʦԣʱħԮˡ
Ϲħ洱ҪӪȳ
Ҷ
Ǽ׷٣עϢһħ񹬣
Ԯ֪ħʦԲһ䡣
ף˵޷׷ҶȻˣħԮ
Ȼ˵Ϊ˶Ըһ벽컯Ԯ£ʵѿʱ˿̣ûбѡ
Ȼħ񹬻һҪǾ
ʦ
ص˲䣬֪ħʦ˲ʧ
µλ컯񽫾׷٣˷ȴǷ˴ħ壬Ǹħ񹬵Ĵħʦʦиľ̽ˡ
⽻˼䣬λ컯Ϣ׷ҶϢķ
·ȼڴеһϣһſ챻ճ̿ͦĿϣ΢ɲͻȻ仯һ̹ʧڵصס
ŻͦĿʱɢ̿ң


3095 
壬ĿǰΪֹܱûзκ쳣ĿռϢԪ˵
λ컯ն˵ԣħ񹬶ԣҲ̫ݳ˰ɡԪ鰢
ռڣҶۣüͷ΢壬ž
֮ǰҶС˸Ǹ˵ħأ۲һֱ׷֪ħʦԵȥ
û뵽ǣȴⷢ֡
ԭһֱλ컯׷Ҷ֪ħʦԣȻȥ
ȥҶ޴ӵ֪
ǣλ컯ȴ׷Ҷ档
Ҷͷ󶯣նɱλ컯񽫣ǶҶ滹ˣŲƵĺôġ
񹭵ɱ꣬Ӧøɳ
ҲܽһħħԽѵ
νһá
ǣҶȴ뵽һܣ᲻֪ħʦԵأ
Ҫ֪Ҷħĵؽ磬˵Ѿħ帹ˡ
ħĵؽħڶʱڵĸ֣
˵ģǱȫԸ֪ħʦԶˣҶҲܣ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪҶҲûаٷְӳĿܡ
˵Ҫǰһ컯ǿߣҶˡ
ðնɱλ컯ȥ޴󣬷ȴҲǳ
һ⣬Ǿǡ
˼ãҶջû¶ġ
ΪĿǰο֪ħʦǾпܷųնҶֵġ
־۲졣
Ҷ´۲ͽ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫˡ
ϵĴ׷ħλ컯񽫡
Ӧ𣿡˵䣬ҶȻʱռڡ
ʱռڣѾ춨ʱЧϹħ洣ڴڴڵĴϢţϢе顣
翴Ϲħʧʮ죬ʱռڣܵѾСʱˡ
СʱڵĴ󲿷ʱ䣬Ϲħ派ڲͣսͣķŭţͼҵ뿪ķ
ϧģʱռ䡣
Ԫ鰢˵̫̫ıԴȻԻϹħ컯ڵĴڣҲԻ̫ʱ䡣
ҲһɲǼĹ
ϹħΣѾѳʱڻþˡ
ǣָؼ䡣
ʱռڣȫһ
ʱռڣϹħ派Ǵ̫ӪһԪ鰢ʩչûþ°빦ļС˵˲ϢͿԲóǿĻþ
Ϊ飬Դ֮飬ƿأҶ֮¡
飬Ԫ鰢ƿصСһȻ˵編ûðô趨ô趨ĳ̶ȣǻþȴôþôá
ԣ춨ĿһɲǣϹħ派˰ĲõĻþ֮С
һʼûз
ڰ£Ĺռھطӡݣ˲ռھؿռӡݡ
ûãϹħ派ͷ쳣
ǣ쳣Ҳûá
ƿһþǰ˲ϢͿԻһþ
þУһʵޱȵĵ˷һĳϹħ洣òСӦ
ҪǣȻûʱ䷨Խͨʱռڿʱ䷨֮
Ϲħ洵֮·÷ѡ
ûãϹħ派ʶҶ˵Ԫ鰢Ŀꡪģ
޾ĻþͻþеˣڲϵϹħ洵
Ȼ˵컯κһڣǷޱߡ
ǣȴҲÿ
ںĴ½κһԪĵطÿһ컯Գ֮Ϊޱߡ
ռڣȴûκεһ˿һԪ
ҶռڣڲģÿʯֻռĴ½
컯ǿߣûĲ䣬ڵվĹһ졣
һڵĹ⣬޷Ĳ䣬˭Ҳ޷ͨطƾձģ
ҲҶ浱Ϲħ洱ʦµ춨ס֮ʣҽռһԭ
˵ҶɱУ
ֻҪϹħڵĵһɶô派һûϻҶ׸ˡ
ÿһܹɳΪ컯Ĵڣ򵥡
ûõʱ䣬Ϲħ派ʶҶͼʼıڵ
Ԫ鰢ֻˣ洸ɴ̳һ̣ɱ
ֻҪЩɱʱƣ洱Ҳûκʧ
Ӧ洿ʼıԼ
һʱ䣬ȻԪ鰢Ҳû취
Ԫ鰢Ҷŵٿ޼˾뿿ǵ䣬ʵ˺Ϲħ洡
컯洿ɲǰ׸ġ
ٿ޼˾乥Ȼҵ˹ڵء
Ԫ鰢ڿʱʱٻ߼١
ôҶٿ޼˾¾Ҫռˡ
ˣ˽֮С
Ԫ鰢ҲκβϹħ洣ϹħҲʱռڣ޷
Ҷϴ󣬵ĿǰΪֹڵһĵ߳ɲҹĳɵ˵
ҶϴģֻҪʱգٸҵʱ䣬һһĳ˸ɡ
ʱɱιУȫҶϴˡһ
һûпǵҶͻؿڡ
һ㣿

ϹħΪ컯ڿ϶ԳһС磬۴ССڶŴĲ
ʯԻָĵҩֶָΣ϶١
ڵǸСƷײͣ˵ҲܹṩءҶ˵
ˡ
ô˵˵ڶʱڻָŭ
ųɾţ㿴ңǲҲƵֶΣ밡һ컯ûıֶΣҶֵ̯
ô˵ңң
˵䣬Ԫ鰢ָűʱռڵϹħƿڴӰţү治㣡
ڿռԭʱռŵ洣Դȴһ֪
ˣһһڣˡҶͻһ˿Цݡ
㣿Щ⣬Ҷϴ㲻Ƿֵĥɣ
ô˼ڡڣҪһΣԽ͡Ҷ˵
ôʵ
Ȼˣбһõļ𣿡
ҶĻأ˶س֣񹭶
񹭳ֵɲǣʱռڵ洣鶸رޱȾ衣
һȥɲǣȫֵ֮࣬ʼѰҹķ
ʱ˿ҶԿڵʱ󲻶ϵı任þڵĿռ䣬컯Ϲħ洣ѹûκջ
Ψһջ񣬾ڵʼٵıĵ


3096 θС
ʱռڣֻҶһںһһ
λ䣬㶼ϥҶĲԶմƷʯʱռڻָ
֮£ҶĿɳսҪǿˡ
ΪֹѾǵߴλָˣҶȴһֱڲͣϹħ洡
Ҷ޵񹬣ۻ
ҶȶʱռڵϹħ洣˿ȴǱޱȡ
˵ʵҶ䣬˵䣬޷洲в
£޷ﵽĿġ
ǣʱռڣʱҶǵĹͱ÷ǳвÿαУÿζǺ۾һЩҪ
洲òȫӦԡ
Ϲħ洵ڱš
ҪǣԪ鰢Ǹʮļ˵Ļ
֮ǰĶţûռٱˣڣҶ˵ϣȫһˡ
̫ıԴû䣬ҶǺ䣬û˿
ʹ࣬ÿһ䣬ȫӦԡ
Ҷ˳֮ǰеĶǻԷĵı
ڲͬˣҲһģҲǼٵġ
ǻ񻹺˵أ
ֹĪҪ£ֻҪһǣϹħ񣬿ҲҪԴ
ԣ洲ҵġ
ÿһζȫӦԡ
ڵĵķɿ졣
һµʱڣڵڳĻָţվȫʢʱڵ߳ɡ
Ȼһµʱ䣬ָʱռڵʱ䣬ʱռ⣬ʵֻĸʱѡ
Ҷ治֪ﵽ׻жٻָĵر뵤ҩǣ죬Ҷͻط˱仯
Դҵʱռսһֱȫʢʱ߳ķȣͻȻ˱仯
쿪ʼ洵ĻָٶȾһֱڻ½ţŵȣҲڳ½š
һʱ䣬ֵȫʢʱڵ߳ɱڵɣг½ơ
Ҷ֪ĻָĴѾĵһ̶ȡ
ûеɽˮĳ̶ȡ
ҪȻʱ洣ŭ£Բƽ
ջ
ʾջҶȫɱУȻѰɱҶ
ģ
סһλ컯ұ˭ģҶһڴ
ҶϴнѶͻ
ҶͷһͻǱǱߵģ
Ҷϴ󣬲ǣ㽻ǼܵʱЧŵһͱͬеŲ̷ļѶ˵
ԣҶ۾һ
ңǽϡ
ɲǣҶһתռһרŷСͨѶŲ̵ĿռڣһƮ
ⷢĽѵʲô״ˣ
СͨѶŲ̵ıţҶϾȷ˭
һ֣ҶУʱ룬Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ʱһȻ
֪ħʦôͻȻħˣ
ĽУֻҶͨһ£֪ħʦԼͻأĻתħ񹬡
֪ħʦ֮ǰȥɱҶģЩ˼ѶҶ棬ͼ֪ʲô
Ԯ
һλתħ񹬣һȥԮģ
ûô˼Ҷ͵ó𰸣Ҳֻ𰸡
ҪȻ֪ħʦԲλ컯񽫼׷ԼĿתħ񹬡
Ӧ֪ħʦԷҶˣˣȴֿھȲ洣βֱӻתħԮˡ
Ҫ֪ʧϹħ洣֪ħʦԿɾͲôˡ
ǰȥħԮôҵʱ䣬ˣ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷʶ˽ȡ
һ֪ħʦԷ棬ħԮôϹħ洵ħڵĵλħһȫԮ
ħ幬ڵǿߣͨǧٹ֣һħĶԱôҶ桭
Ҫڶʱڽ洡
Ҷ˲Ϣ˾
ǲڶʱڽ洣ħ񹬿ʼȫӪϹħ洵ĻʱϹħ洣ܷΪһֵɽ󣬻Ҷ鷳
ʱڽ
ţҶͻһָˣ
Ҷ˿ˣѾ׻ָ컯۷塣Ҫָ컯ĻҪԸȻҶ湧˳࣬ͿԿ
ʱڣҶ滹ûָ컯˼
ˣһ˫н
úˣɱС
òã˾ͻϷɣ
õһǿ컯ǲġ
׼սɡ
Ҷһ˿ʧܹΪָ컯ǽִһĿǰԣЩ飬ǿԲһġ
ͬҶҲ´ˡ
λûɱһλ컯
ҶĻȻס洣Ҳǲ
ͻȻֵȴ΢΢̣һš
ĳ֣ҲͻȻνġ
ָ֮ҵȼķ򣡡ŭ
ܺá
Ҷ˵ͷ֮ǰǻһθСˣλ컯Σ


3097 ͨ
ʱռڣҶָⳡƲս
ڿθСˣֵһᡣ
λ컯񽫣ԭҶѶȵġ
컯εǿߣҶȫ䣬Ҳܹɱ
ԣΪ˱ҲΪʱ䣬ҶֱӳΪٴλָ컯۷
䣬ֱħλ컯񽫣Ҷеˣÿһλ컯񽫣в
һشЩ컯񽫣ȴ޷ɱǡ
µһλս飬ΪĲ䣬һλ컯ûڵһʱ䱻ɱĲıա
һУΪһɱ
գҶ滹Ǹ߹ħλ컯񽫣ֻ˵ǵ͹ɱ
λ컯еһλһͺҲǸˡ
սҶеĻҪǿ
Ҷҵ˵Ĳеķ˳
λħ컯񽫵䣬Ҷ˻˴־ĽؼѪ㡣
ЩؼĽûдҶʵϵı仯
෴ǣնɱλ컯֮λսе˵еɱ꣬ٴͻơ
е񹭣컯񽫵ĺ͵ɱ֮ߵɱٴνܸ
ͬģҶڵɱ꣬Ȼûٴͻƣնɱ˲ħ컯֮ģҶ񹭵ܣҲٴһٵ
ͻȻ䣬ҶЩǿˡ
䣬ɱ֮
ֻҪսȥϵնɱǿУΪһ˿һսҲܹ
θˣҶʹһ˵Ȼתʱռ䣬ݵ󣬾ͿʼϹħ֡
һ֮ǰҶִеǸ֮ǰһսԡ
Ҷ˼һֲƵϵĺϹħ洣Ԫ鰢ڶøֻš
һϣɹԻס洡
ΪҶ˻ִսԡ
洣Ҳִռƻ
һֱŵҶ˵УĽš
һֱָţǻָǿڲϽͣͼָҶһ񡪡ָĵر뵤ҩˡ
볹ҶоɱȻٳûͻΧ
Ϊˣ洶˺üͨطĿġ
ϧǣҶȴҶļƻ
ٴظĿ꣬һ㴴еĻᣬǣĿشɱ𣿡Ҷʱռ
ףشĺ䣬Ѿм˼
׼䣡
Ҷ´һɲǣϹħ洸ոĿǰսࡣ
࣬ͱҶ涯ĿϢаĻӳ²صؿ䡣
һ̤ӰһҲˡ
Ӱãһһÿһɡ
䣡
ٴʩչ䡣
Ϊ컯ڵǿߣһϹħ派͸ܵһŨݵв
͵һͣзܵһ˻Уһ
ԭصΣͻȻ侹Ȼģ˼֣Ӱһһɲƺʧˡ
˲ƣһ˲ڷͨ
ҶӦɲǣѾ϶Ϲħ洵һּǿıͨ
ǲӸԤɱУɱ洡
ԴˣҶ׼
ֻ΢΢һʱռھͳ˼һĻ
Ϲħ洵ӰıãͻȻͱúһ
еϹħ洣ȴûָо
ǣܸܵϮ䣬ƺһ˲Ϣˣɰǧļˡ
Ϲħ洸ܵһĪĿ־塣
޷ô˹أ
Ѿ޷˼Щˣ䣬Ҷ˰ٱ洵ʱռ䣬Ҷ˼ʮȻǲ֪ˡ
ת˲䣬һ䣬Ȼǰ
ֱֲӴ洵ֱͨ
洷˾˵˻һۣһɲǷޱʵʵĹ⻪ֱ䡣
ĳ£䣬Ȼʼٵı⡣
ǵһޱȳףڶҲ˴롣
̶̵һɲΪΪԼȡ˼䱦ʱ䡣
һ˻֮ǰѾĳɵ˲Ϣָ˼¡
յļһҶ̾ϧ
ǿͨڱ洵⡣
Ҷƣ⣬Ǻ鱦ɱ֮Ӧ洱ı
Ҳڴʱ洷⡣
еĶǰķǳ
ġ
ͨĵһɲǣ派ͲķһҽУһļͷըֱӽļͷըһѪ
ܣС
Ϲħ洵ۼ͵
ս飬Ȼʶʲô
ʱ䣿
ʱ֮
Ȼÿһڼ̵ʱ洣洷ĲҽС
Ҳ֮ļʱͨطҲ׷
ڵۼϸ⻪ķ⣬ЩۼΪУһ޴
ʩչı䣬޴֮󣬾ȻϢˡ
˴Ϣ֮УͻȻһСӣСֻһĹ⻪һذס洵ɲǣʩչʱ䷨Ҷ棬׻


3098 洵ľɱ
ۣ
һѪشҶҶ¶ʹı顣
Ҷʩչʱ֮ͻȻ䱻СӸѡ
ҶܵǣڵһռʱǼٰٱС⣬ȴڵĿռֱӸѿҶʱӰ죬Ҷ˾޴ķɣ
Ҷ汻Ѫʱ¶μ
Ϲħ洵ľ飬ȻѪˣǷʩչʱ䷨ĸ֣ҲҪĵˡ
ŭ˻һСϣ͵سһӰĺҶ档
ӰϢƴޱȡ
ֻ֮ҪҶʱ䷨򣬷׷ױѡ
ҶڷѾڵһʱֹͣʩչʱ䷨򣬻ܵһķɣѪӿͣ
СϳӰٶȼ죬˲Ϣ˵ҶǰۿžҪɱɵҶһɲǣҶΣͻȻԭʧ
Ҷϴ治ãҪû֪ͨҰԪ鰢µ
ŲͷֱӿķҶŲˡ
ҡɣлᡭ
ĿƾʧϹħ洶ط˷ŭһһ䣬ȥȴСӸġ
ƺЩʡ
ͻȻͳԻ˱࣬һߴɵ׵ħ񣬶س֡
ֵɲǣ͵ſѪڣ˻
ոջһҶ滹ûзӦɲǣҶ;Сģ
纣Хһϯսʱռ䡣
εˣ·һ㣬ϯ˷
еһУΡ
ոձŲߵҶ桢ҵλս飬׷ԳΡ
Ҷ滹ãһԴʹ˻һѪϢήңȻܵش
ҶķӦ죬ڵһʱر˶ʶ˳Ҷڣʻ⡣
洵Ȼ̺ǿڵ깥
Ҷʻ⣬Ҳ˲Ҷ档
ҵλս飬˲Ϣشս壬깥Уܴء
ҶΨһһʱˣӦ죬ֶҲ
洵ֵɲǣһּļ䣬ȴߵġ
Բηٴ󣬾ȻγһǿĻ硣
жǿ⻤ʱжǿ
Ϲħ洵ķ֮£ˡ
һҶͽͳƬռ䡣
ˣʧľ޴ˡ
ҲͬһɲǣһĻϹħ洣Ǹ˼̵Цݡ
ô죬˷Ļᡣ
΢΢һӴ׶ȻͿԽ˿ռһ͵̽Ҷǰ
һ죬īɫŸֹ⻪ĺͶسҶ棬ֱûҶ档
ͬһɲǣ˫Ŀӿ𺳵ɫ⣬һ㣬ֱָҶ档
Ϲħ洶Ҷ淢ǿ깥
깥ٶǷǳģǳֵɲǣ͹ҶţҶ֮ǰطһ
洺ɵ깥вشҶ棬˫ĿɫɲǣͷСӣҲطɳһҶ档
ɱ
Ϲħ洼ϧһκò׵ķᣬֶξͼɱҶ档
깥شҶ棬شҶ棬ֻҪһʱ䣬ôȺ󷢴ıԴͨǿ鱦һԳҶ档
һ㣬ʮġ
ȫʩչıԴֻͨľӵȫһһ컯Ӳ֮Ҳܴش
Ҫɱ
ֻҪɱҶ棬ˡ
ңǰ챦ܸıַ֮ܲٿʱ䷨챦ƽ
䵽ǡ
һˣϹħһȣ챦ôս컯
ʱһԾͿԳΪħǿļλħ֮һ
洿˵Ƕĵƣɱо
к֡
īɫıԴ㲻УҲܽһƬ绯С磬ʱȨ
ϧǣЩʱǺܺãʵֲˡ
洵ɫ⹥ǳǿ
Ϲħ洿ôԴǿޱȡ
ֻɫϣҶ޷ġ
ҪȽϣҶɫ꣬СϪϹħ洵ɫԴǴ󽭴ӡ
󽭴ӳ֮£СϪûκ
ϧǣҶɫԴУȴж롣
߲ӡ
洵ɫҶ񹬵ɲǣ߲ӡ͵ع⻪š
߲⣬ͻ;գϹħ洵ɫ߲ӡǰѩһٵڡ
߲ӡȴһ㲨ûбǾһ΢˻
ϹħȻ֡
߲ӡҶӡ͵鱦߲Ŀ֦͵һֽں֮ɾ͵߲ӡ
˵ҶıԴر֮һѹ񹬱Դ棬ǿ
߲»⣬Ǽ˵Ҷġ
Ϲħ洵깥ʧЧʱʶ˲
һʧܣĹɹĿԾͲˡ
ǣѾˡ
һɲǣҶƾʧ
һΣƾʧģϹħҪɱҶīɫıԴԼϹħǿľӣ
Ϲħɫұ䣬˲Ϣ䣬ǿ鱦ľӣȻʧȥϵ


3099 ⲻ
еһУһ˲صԭ㡣

׼ȷ˵ϹħĿǰԭ㻹Ҫ⡣
ɱо˱鱦ľӡ
־֮ɫϹħ洵һš
˷ĿռٴαޱȵĻңһԹһģ洷ֲǻʵϡ
ȻӪϣͿĻϹħ派Իڵһʱ䷢
ϧڴǰζ֤һ¡˷֮⣬ûκô
Ŀռ֮󣬵ȴģͬԹһĿռ䡣
޾ͷһ
СĵԼϢţУڸתš
Ĳ߻ķɱʧܣΣʱ̡
ǣʶҲûκãڷǳı
岻ȥֻܵȶԷ
ؼǣôõ֮£ָܹĵرĲˡ
洵Դתһ߼ĸӦľӵϢһٴ˼ſܵ
ܹѰľô޷һʱԱûκġ
ϧǣӦУľڣȴ޷Ӧľӵķλ
ʱռһˣҶˣ֮ǰʱ䷨ǿдϣҶܵķɲᡣ
ҲҶʱ䷨֮׶ΪԼ̫˶õԭ
һɣҶҲɡ
ȻҶʱ䷨йϵ
Ҷʱ䷨ﵽһĳ߶ȣǾҲẦ·ˡ
˵ĲҶ棬ҵλս顣
ս壬ֱܴǵսϢޱȵήҡ
ҵǣս壬ֻܴ֮ҪųԸָǺܿġ
һռڣľڲϵͻʱʱķ˻
󣬰ԪûɣҶʵ
Ҷϴİɣ˶ţ㲻ϵͻƿռҲ˲ϢռϾڲԪ鰢˵
ģ⣬ҡԪ˵
ıԴҲиһСռڣò˶ãͻ᳹ɢ
˵ʵŵһսҶ¡
ҲʱռڣҪʱռ֮⣬ҶѾϹħ洵ˡ
ǳ֡
컯սҶʮ𾪡
ʱռڣʱ䷨򣬿˿ռ䣬ռݾƵ£һͷˡ
ҲҶ浱һţԸ洵ԭ
Ҷָ۷״̬Ը洣˳֣ʱռڣֲĶʱ䡣
ҶڸȤģľӡ
Ϲ洵ı鱦ľӣľӣʱռڣȻֱܹӸҶʱ䷨ʵǷǳǿҶ治עⶼС
ԷлҶһʱؿռ䣬ľ޷ع鵽ߣǶһۡ
ڣҶڷľӡ
״ˣҵĸоľӵ壬ϢõĿ洵ĳ岿Ϣ棬ƫľϵ⡣С˵
ħһ壬ھشͻƵʱһȥס
ףͬԷǳļϡ
ҶϴҹľףԸµƵģôǿ󡣡ԪĻУ޽СŪѧ˼
ԣ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫٴ
ôˣ󲻷
ľԸµƣͻƵ컯ʱµƣȷʵǿ󣬵䣬û⡣
ǣȴԲֱӸʩչʱ䷨ʱռڣʱ䷨֮ǿԵõǿġԪ˵
Է仰ǴͷСıע£ֱӷԷ
Ҳǰʱ䷨ɲ˭͸ѵģҪǿܸѣ£ľӲܡ˵
ȷʵˡ
С˵ͷҾҵĸоУľӵϢȻľϵΪ⡣
Ԫ鰢ȴЩͷˣʵô£һ鱦Ѿ˷ֿˣԻܹݻشˡ
ҲҶϿԪ鰢
ԸҶϿɣ˷ȻˣҶϴ󣬻ľӵ񣬾ͽҰɣ
ԣ
Ҷش鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪٴηΪ֮Ȼ
ǰۿõΣЩ˵Ԫʲô԰ǳˣ
ԣԪһأղ˵ľӵϢľϵΪǰǵķ֣ľӦ洵ͻʱɼΪƵġ
ΪӣԲľϵΪ
Σ㻹ĵرˡЩˡ
һ룬ͻ컯ʱɼףϢƷǺεȵǿ
£Ӧ洵ɼϢΪ
ڣ洵ɼϢȴԵˣԲܵľϵΪⲻԪһļᶨ
СҶͬʱ˼ȴЩûӦôˡ
磬밡䣬ʲôĵرܹԵѹ컯Ϲħɼ׵ϢԪʵ
˲ϢʹסˣǰУҲָ
Ѳɣ鱦


3100 洵
Ԫ鰢Ʋľ鱦˵Ҷһ
ʵ֮밢󡢰ԪС⣬ҲҶⷽɻ
ΪľӸԴͬҶʩչֶΣȫͬ
ľӽֻϹħ洵ı鱦ôȫݻپǡ
ľȻ죬û˵֧֣ò˶ãܱҶ𣬻ܽŻľӵͬʱشϹħ洡
ǣľ鱦ôҶҪ濼ˡ
ϣΨ鱦
Ҷ浱ţĶѨڵõ׹٣ǻδ죬Ҷȡ֮Ƴɺ鱦׹ޡ
ô꣬˲ϵǣ׹޵ƷֻƷ鱦ҪͻƳΪ鱦Եңңڡ
⻹׹޵¡
ͨĺ鱦ҪͻƳΪ鱦ѹܡ
ҶĿǰΨһ鱦ʮԪ챦飬ʦŵ
Ҷ컯ǿս鱦Խ͹֡
鱦ϧ֪
ľ鱦ôҶ϶ҪշΪ
ңĳ̶ֳ϶ԣϹħôԶĴڣӵһ鱦Ҳ˵ùȥ顣
ĿǰԣһûиӦľӵ鱦ϢʮԪ챦鰢Ԫٴοڣǿ鱦жϣ˵׼ȷȷǳߡ
Ҷ沢ʧȴŰԪġ
ľľϵĴ⾹Ȼܹѹ洵ɼϢôľڿ϶һԶɼϢ
㲻鱦ģôľڣҲпһľϵ鱦
ţ׹޵βࡣԪһ䡣
𣿡Ҷ濴СʱС˫Ŀй⻪˸
ľڣһ鱦ǶС壬ǲͬ
ˣ
ԼʱʱռȻ֮߰ϥصҶ棬ͻȻ˫Ŀ
ԪʱӦǣصӦ÷ľϣһľӳ쳣ȫסľӡҶ
ġ
󣬲Ӧǣ㹻˲ƺͿռ֧֣
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ҪǣֱָҪ
Щɱֻ컯䣬ҲΪֱָҪҲܹвòȫӦԡ
Ȼʱ޷ȴڵٵţĵرĻָٶȣٶˡ
Ϲħ洷ķŭ;
ĵطȻ޷һ˿һ
ȻҲûгԷ
ҲĿλá
֮ǰŸɵڣһսˣ˷С
ҪǣÿһɲǣԷỻһλǴȵĻλ޴ӷ
ȻЩˡ
ģӦһԱյС磬ԷһķԸ
ԭ컯ƿСġ
ǣʱ䷨
Էǿʱ䷨һκιԷʱ䷨ϻӻȻӦԡ
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ʱҶһñͱʱͱ졣
ѹһ˿һϣ
ȻΪϹħ洣ʹ˷
۵ıطࡣ
ǣҶʱ䷨һһеıطЦ
һԼɼ׻ĵرƵı
ܣȻ޷뱾鱦ľȣ˲ϢķȴľӲ¡
ҪǣǿķпٴθҶʱ䷨򣬸Ļᡣ
ϧǣڱøСҶǰͱһЦ
ıոճֵɲǣϹħͻȻ䷢֣λʱһαˡ
һαࡣ
ԭڷŵ״£˲ϢͿԼıͻȻͱһֻɵɵĽ⣬һĴǰ𣬹⻪һǰδеĻٶţͼסȫ
ǣ⻪Ź⻪׼ȷ˱ı塣
飡
ͱһŷĩ
δüţͱݻˡ
δչ֮ǰ岢ǿ
Ȼ㹻ǿҲҪԭ
Ƶ鲻ϵš
ϹħĵƺĪռʱѾ͸ˡ
ǣԵ˵ֶ˽ˣȴûƽķ
˾ʱ䷨򰡣
ʱ仯ָʹƵʼ죬Ϲħ派뵽ҪԸģ᲻ĳλֻ컯أ
ȴֺǣ
ʱռ֮ڱĵ֮󣬻ָٶҲԽԽ
˺ۡۼʧɵϹħͻȻŶ޵ĿռѵĿˡ
̸̸𣿡
һȥ컯ԣûʲôֵҲжջ񡣡
Ϲħ洲
ôҵ


3101 СèѪ
̸̸ô̸
ʱռڵճĬһ£ҶŻѪ۵Ϲħ洣һ˿ڴ
һλǿ컯Ӧ޼ֵȥ
ҵһԶ϶ҲһԺҲʮ֮սĹ֮¶䡣
䣬㡢ǶҶԣûκμֵ
Ĭһ£ֲһ䣬Ȼԭǣһ
ֵ
Ҷ淢ĪЦ
ŵʱ䣬Ȼʮ˰ɣôûҶУżĪĳЦ
ԴˣϹħȴһҲÿôҪֻǻججĹʮ꣬϶ˡ
Ҳǡ
ҹȥʮУС֮һһи߷壬ΪħеλߵħϹħ
ȥʮҼ֤һǿյĳַϳЦģʼֻôλ
Լ壬ԭ뾭࣬һ㣬ؼ䡢Զķ羰
˵Ϲħ洺¶һЦݣżĪɭıңʹϢȱϯ

ϹħϲҶΪȻҶǿߵ˵ġ
Ȼ˵Ҷôֹеƫ洵˼Ҷͷ衣
ԸĻᣬԸĳͼֵϹħ洣йһϡ
ͼֵô˵˼һ£Ҷ滹ǽȥ
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Ȼ˿˽ľȻǿʱ䷨򣬻һ챦
Ȼǿ
ǣҲ嵱Уľ֣ش֮ǰķгһǿʱ䷨һ¶
ܻ¸ǿĵˣǿλڵĹע
ǿʱ䷨ǿҲ˼ɻ
룬Ҫһɳʱ䡣
ɳʱڣҪһΪڷĴڣңǡþǸѡ˵
ҪЧң
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ǣҲ
ԿҵҳϣߣҿԳ׵ķſԴʩչֶΣԲûκԥ͸˽
ٴ˳ĬЩ
ͻȻ䣬΢΢һҶͻȻǰֻײ
ͷһĪĳ嶯ף£ԿһɱҶ档
Ҷʱ䷨活ǰסֳ嶯
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ȻҶСģʱֵģһѡ
סˣҲٵ⣬ȻҲЧҵĸԭ
ҪǱƿأĴڣ˸ɾ
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ҶȴǶĶϹħ洣һһϹħͷЩë˵ʱҶͻȻЦ
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ҶĻԥ˺һᣬҧҧȻҶӳһӡ
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һħκһˣð㣬ڴ£ԺһΪκ£ȥ
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ҵĳ⣬£˵䣬ٴʩһ
ޣ⿴ȥˣأ
洴һ£

һʮϹħֻôһĻһĳġ
ǣ㻹ûκγŵ
ֻҪó㹻ĳ⣬һŵġ
Ѿó㹻ĳ⣬Ҫóĸõĳ⣬ҪŵϹħ̬Ⱥܼ
ĸõĳ⣿ʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
磬˿ڼʮڵС磬ԴҲǲơ
˵꣬Ϲħֲһ䣬ҵʳأΪϹħ񣬶Ƶأߵ飬ȫҵͽ
ŵҿԽС罻㡣
С磿ģ
ҶԾ״ϲ״ͷЩĵġ
С磬˿ڼʮڣС簡
Ĳ˵Ҷ½ʮǰսʱ˿ھͳ˰ڡ
񰲶չ˼ʮ˿ڿѾһʮˡ
Ȼǰŵ֤һţ˵
С磬ݳȷʵ㹻󣡲
ҶĻϸһ˿ϲ⣬ͷҲһɣ£ڿ˳ɹϣҶġ֣ȴͷٴһ
Ӧ֪ģҶԣСҲֻʱѣڵңҪģ
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ԣվλòͬķ羰ҲͬҲͬ
ĿǰֻǸոͻƵ컯Щ⣬ţ˵Ҫʵһʶĵʦ
һЩοϣܹڽشУѵѡ
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ҶһʱˣԸҴһСС洣һɳϹħ񣬱˾ģҶˣûģҲˡ
˵ʮǰ֮еĴ䣬Ҷ֪ǲˣκʣӦѵѡ
ޣȻˣ˵˵ʮǰԪδ䣬кĻħãΪܹɹ٣ʮǰĴܣΪûгɹֵħ壿Ҷʵ
洵ЩΣǸʮǰһڳɳУ̫ĻϢ֪
֪ǣĴ½˽ӦǣΪǴڻǲճɹ١
ӦҶ鶸ر֪˭𣿡
ҡҡͷܣңҲ֪
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洵üҲǣҪʮǰһûĸλֻһѣ޷뵽߲У⣬ҾԿԸõĽ顣
ãô컯ôҶٴʵ
컯ţ䣬лᣬһѡ컯Ӧһʽɡ
Ȼ컯λ棬ҲҪ׵Ĳ뵽ľٶ
活ش˺ܶ࣬ǲûʲôԵĽ飬Ҷٴ¶ʧ֮ɫҶϵʧЩˣΣĿǰ״̬£ȥҪġ
⣬ҿԽĸã洼
⣿Ҷ°ͣѾˣ洵ĻȴҶжһ
һ֣СèͳҶһࡣ
Ϊڰ벽Ҳǽ۷СèЩήңѾܾûҶ沢սˣģֻҶż顣
ģҶмۡ
洵Сèɨ˼飬Ҷ濪ڣ派ͿˣԼֻͻƣ

СèͻȻ䷢˷ŭĻХ洳һ
ǳҶֵܣҶսĻ飡
ŭУСèͻȻήȥ
ǰ
ҶֵܣҶս飬ǰ
ڣеǳˡ
սҶĵˣԽԽǿ
벽Ϊһನҷԣеǳˡ
һˣСè۽ͻȻˡ
ҶĴ֣͵䵽СèԴϣݺݵֵܣţͻơ
ֵܣϹħЩԾܿо͸˷֮ɫ
ʶˡ
洵ģҶͷһϲͻȻѵа취
ô˵
֪ҵĳɳ𣿡
ҶĳɳûκȤ
ǣӦ֪һħ嵱УڸǺܵͣңһΨһһλϹħҵ˼𣿡ʵ
˵ͻѪ
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һĽ£һ壬ܹ컯˾ħ񣬶ǳϡ˵Ϲħˡ
ңˣ
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ؼϣֶҶɭ
С飬ҿԲƽϣǣҪһ٣ٶҾģûκν̸ȥıҪˡҶһ֣Сèͷһ
ǣҲ˼˵ͻѪҪԴһķ


3102 СèĻ
һΣ洷ǳʹ죬־׳һö
ҵԵɺ֮£õһ׷ԣû뵽ȻܹͻҵѪ
ԭҵĳѪһУҵ۷壬컯Զܡ
û뵽ǣݷ֮ȴһδεͻѪһ·ͻƣֱϹħ
Ҿģ衭ֵܣӦûáϹħ˵
Ҷ濴һ洣ʱͳڵļصķҶȻ
ѪѪ󷨣
ֻɨ˼ۣҶͻ϶ǼаѪţ׼ȷ˵Ѫħ֮
Ҷǵã½ʱ׷ɱѪħ
˵ʵѪħȷʵȽѲҶ˾ţ֮Ҳûгɱɾ
񿴵ѪѪ󷨣ʱѪħ
ҶҲ㲻ͣͨƪһѪѪ󷨣Ҷ֪ԣûпѪѪܹͻѪ
ȫѪҲѪħ
ңҶģ⹦ȫƺֻһ֡
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ǰǰԪֻ飬Ǽʶ֮ǵľʱ䳤˵Ϲħ活ҪҶҪǵ
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˵洲һ䣬˵ҵȫ⹦֮Ҳɻ󣬾һ˼顣
һѡ֣֮ȫһ컯ˡ
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¶ԪҲ֪ԪҶϴ˵˵ɡ˦˦ûõë
ġʵѪѪ󷨣ںĴ½ҲʢͿһʱ䡣
ΪٶĿ죬ҼɱвͿ̿ԳѳѪ̣Ѫ̽ҪԱһѪ̣඾ǶѪѪ󷨣˽⡣
Ԫ˵
Ԫ˵Щ£ҶΪżԪô˵洵˵Ǽ٣
˵ѪѪ󷨵֮ܲͻѪҶ漱
ԪýǴûмǣȷʵ˵˻ѡ
ͬʱһֱδ˵ͻȻ俪ˣҶ棬㲻ħпйһ飬Ͳˡ
ĻҶ۾͵һ


3103 Σ
һħ鱨Ⲣʲô£Ŀǰħ񹬵ǰߵ⣬ܿ͸Ҷ𰸡
һħ嵱Уħһ壬ħһķ֧λĵͣҪڵħࡣ
ֱϹħ洣һŴħһ嵱еĶҵλӵλħλħ塣
ǣǳϹħ洣һħٵĿ
Ŀǰħм¼һħһʮλȥϹħ֮⣬컯λ컯ʮλ
ʮλħУʮһλһѪ߹Ļ壬λͨ洽һλ컯񽫣λ컯ˡ
λͨ洽ħȴɱŰԣλص˿Ƿħĳ̶ȡ
ǿλ컯񽫾洣ΪأӴģ˭ᱻɱйħʮصļ¼
ħܷѺ
λħ񹬶طϴ˵ѾܹסǵɱʱˣҲط˯
ԣɱԵһħӦþνƷ
һ˵ѪѪͻѪǣʵġ
󡢰Ԫ˵˵ѣӦָѪѪ֮ŰɱĸðɣҶʵ
ȷʵˣʵúܺԤı˵ľѪȡɱ֣֮Ȼ̺ɱŰ֮ҾѪ̺˵־
óȻȻӰ죬ɱŰɱ񾭴Ҷпܵġ
ҲѪѪ֮ΪʲôᱻΪѪħԭ򡣺ܶʱЩѪħѾǿˣûж־ˡԪ˵
Уȫֻеһ㣡ԪӰ첻󣬳ӦȫĹоѪѪѰƽ֮ġ
ôΪʲôˣȴûɱԣû񾭴ңǿأҶһؼԵ⡣

ҲлԵ챦Ҳ˵׼˵
ˣôСè
ҶĻûأĬõСèᶨͻ𣬡ҶԸⳢѪѪ󷨣÷ΪҶ౸һЩ񶨻꣬Ǿĵҩ
Ҷ˳Ĭ
Сè˼
ôˣҶѰΣСèطȴһֱûͻƵ
Сè˭֡
ϾѪԣ꺣ܣҶһ·ײײ˽ô꣬СèҪˡ
ôһ˿ϣǰܲĶ
ǡ
Ҷ׵ģҲһλġνĸãͨ꣬˵ģֵܣֻܰˡֻͻƣСèᶨޱȡ
Ȼ䣬ҶЦˡ
Ҳãϣвðյ顣˵ˣͻ֮ҲòŻüСˡ
ЦţҶȴʱȴҪҵģ׼ȫ
ף
ҲҶСè̸֮Ҷصǣ׼ɡ
ӦҶٴ䵽Ϲħϡ
⣬ȣ⹦ȫ
Ȼ󣬰Ҷ⹦⣬ѪѪ󷨣϶Ӱ죬ɱŰʧȥǣô⣿
Ҷĵһ⣬洵鲢ûʲô仯ǵڶ⣬ȴϹħ洵һ΢΢һȻҶ涴Ϥһ㣬ǳ⡣
óһ֣ǳ⣬һ֣Կֵ˳ͻƵںֻҪһţҳŵһġĽ
Ӱ־⣬˵ʵҲֻ̫֪ǿ󣬻ػطֻǿػ鱦ͿԱЩ⡣˵
ѪѪӰģҶٴʵ
һŴ飬鱦ǿк鱦ܣҾӦԭ򡣡˵䣬΢΢һһɫ鸡ͷҴСеģ洲һ䡣
ɫ飬ҶЦˣȷʵг⣡ôҲóʱˡ
棿һԼˣϹħ派ϲ֣
ţҵԴģˡ
һ
Ҷ΢΢ԴϢɲǣ洵ȫʱҶϣ׼ȷ۾Ҷ˵ÿһ֣ӦҶÿһ
գҶڴˡݣ
۾Ҷĵ洣ͻȻޱȵƿף
˲Ϣͷŭ˼£ŭˣңŵһ˲ȫ߶
ǣĪʱȴֱܵѪ
ԼĶܿ죬ʱҲܿ죬ʵϣȴַǳһһ䣬Ȼڡ
Ȼ󻺻һ
ףҶʱ䷨ˡ
ҷŴ֮£Ҷʱ䷨Ӱ쵽˼¡
˲Ϣ䣬ڣȥϰټ䡣
Ҷʱ䷨£һӣĻӣȻһ俪ʼһֹڱ
Σ
ҶЦУ׹⻹л⣬ͷй
׹ܵ꾪壬Ҫǻ⣬һֻ̫ҪһƬƬѪɽۼ׶á
⼫侪˵ĶУһӰϢĳ£̹һ˳洵ľ޴˿ڣ˳ƾڣ


3104 
ϹħһɲǵΣ⻹飬ֵ⡣
Ҷȫ߶µʱ䷨ȫһӣһǽһǵʸ˳֮ǰ˿ڣڣȻ󳹵ױ䱬Ѫ⡢ǹ
ͷй׹⣬ԭɲ̫˺
ۼףȫԵ̶ֳֵȵ׹⡣
컯ǿǿȣɲ˵˵ġ
ǣ֮ǰսϵۼױٵ˰ٷ֮ʮԭͨķѴЩۼ׿Իָһ֣ǣּϧ
ÿһҪʹá
ҪȻĹ֮ʱ֮ʡ
£йµ׹⣬ֱһ֮С
׵ԡơʹ˵ˬ˼¡
й˿ڴ׹⣬һֿζ
Ҫǣй̫
̫ɱǿۼףûȫ߶ʱҲᱻٻ١
ƽأ߶طۼ׷ֻһʱѣڣޱȵ
ۼױ̫ȥȻ׹ֻ̫߱գһڵܾ޴ʸϹħ׹
ϸָʹ࣬ǳˮһһһ
ϢЩ̹ⶼûз֡
Щ̹ڴʹ͸Ӷһڴʱʹೱˮ֮£ѹԺԲơ
ֻǣԣȴͻȻ˼в
洸Ӧвʱʮ̹⣬һ񹬣׼񹬣ɫ䡣
ΨһңСΪ̫ͣĿǰ벽컯컯Ĳһ㣬ͻ񹬵ٶӦ˹
Ȼ֣派һ亹
κһ߶ԣ񹬶ҪеҪҪǱԷˣʲôֶΣܹԴ
Դ͵һһȦȦɫ⻪ֻҪɫڵϣܹһǿӲޱȵ񹬱ݣʱСĶԪǿҲ޷ͻ
ҶԤϡ
Ŀ΢΢һ߳һ
ͻȻ䣬ͷйµ׹УĪ֮ɫ
ʱѹϾЩ׹⣬ֻǿֵš
׹⣬̫𣬻ʸֻڵʮ̹⣬ҪĶࡣ
ԣͻȻ֮ɫ׹⣬йϡ
ǣһ׹⣬й֮󣬲ûиκ˺ûзӦһ׹⣬ͳ񹬵УԴ֮ϡ
¡¡
׻

Ӧ˵派⵽׻űôһͨһȦˡ
ʲôף
ȻֱӳУ䵽Դϣ
һ£ͽ洸ΰء
ոɢ˷ɫ⣬ʧȥԴ֮£ʱ͵ɢ񹬸˶ݵʧ״̬
Сʮ÷Ԫ⻪󱬣ʱͻ
깥šף
Ҷ淽õģŴм龭е깥š
Ҷõ书Ҫ׳Լ꣬Ӧȴûκ깥
ֱҶƿڰؿռӡõŵ֮Ŵ龭л깥
龭мص깥࣬ʱڣҶҲȫϰҶֻѡʺܲ׵
ףҪʩչʩչ֮׿ֱӺԷ񹬣ԷԪԴܼǿ
ȴһȾױҪӴԷ˲ϢͨԷĵ񹬡
Էطͨ鱦סûκܡ
Ҷ֮ǰйĿƶûʲô˺׹⣬Ϊһ׼
ܾǣϹħ洵ԴҲֻܵ˼̵һ˲Ϣĺѣתۼѹˡ
ǣ洸ոѹ͸ޱʹ֮ɫ
Сʮ÷Ԫ룬ȻԴͨ
ԴһĪʼһǰδеٶʧʲô洣϶ʱ˾֮ɫ
һ죬һɫٴγ洵񹬣洵Դ֮ϡ
СҶٴΰСս
컯ĪطǳˮһӿҶ񹬣ҶԴ£λ
УҶʹΪ𾪡
һλ컯ʮĻֱۣ޷
洵Ϣ˴̵ĴһһɲٴλָѣҲ޷ֹ
ʱ˿̣Сʮ÷Ԫ룬ѾȫԴ߽һ洵
ʱ˿̣޷κǵˣһɲҲΪʧȥԴ֧Ŷ

洿־ķֻ֣ܵ
Ϊʲô
ôг⣿Ϊʲôܣ洳Ҷŭ
һ͵Ȯһѡĸ
ȻԳƿءϹħ洵ͻȻס˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ˼ǡ
ţҲѡ˵ԼȻһطԽתһ
ҶЦأȴǾޱȣѾˡ
һʼңҡ洵ŭ԰
ȻһʼҿɲǿʱҪȮ


3105 ˵
洲Ϲħ񣬻֮ۺҶĿࡣ
ǰС컯ǿߣҲһҡ
ڵĸСһʱδ
ۻ컯תʼͣҲҶСͬʱԽ˰벽컯ʽ̤컯ˡ
СҶλһ壬ǹҶͻƵ컯ֻ֮ҪҶСһԼڵľϵСȻȻҲͻˡ
ֻСͻƣȡɣ֤֤֮䡣
ʱ˿̣Ҷڵ컯ڳš
ҶЩڣ洵ĵ̫ôҶʱ¿Խ洵һͻƵ컯Ǻڡ
ҶҲ֪ˡ
ǰ컯УСطʵظķǳ࣬Ҷջ񲢲ࡣ
ǵΪֹСɵطвܼǿط򣬽һۣҶ͵սľ
Ҳҿռ䣬޷طҪȻҶ鷳ɾʹȥ
һҶĿһĿռڡ
ľɫ⣬౵ļһĴҴܣͼͻؿռ
ͷ活ֻľӵӦΣգ
ôûá
Ҷ浱ûѡľӣѡסʵΪһ̡
洳䣬ľӾͻٴα֮ʱҶͿ취շˡ
ʱľʹҲ޷ͻƷҶͷˣڣֻ洵ԴСˡ
ҶϴҾģһôҪǲСĶˣ㳦ӶģԪ鰢ͻ˵
ʲôôôҶȻ

ӣ֪ӵ³ҶֱӸı˰ʽ
־Ľնɱ洽־Ľ󼱵

ԴˣҶ沢żǰնɱô컯˲־Ľȥƺûɶð
ҪǣҪնɱ活־Ľ͵ýƵռ֮⡣
ҪĻ컯ϹħϢܻҶ
ħĵؽϣҪǱ¶мħ컯ҶҪˡ
Ҷ治Ԫ鰢ȴǼˡ
ҶϴҪף˲һ
ʲôһ
֮ǰնɱЩ컯Ϊ˵඼Ǻ֮㡣ˣȴʮǰٺʱʹڵģںĴ½ڹɱ
˵ħɹٺĴ½һݹͣնɱ־Ľ϶һ˵
ǣһŲƵĴ½ʱϢ»ħǿߡҶһĵġ
ԣԪ鰢ȴȻˣҶϴ˭˵ҪŲƵĴ½
ôŪ
鹵ͨһºĴ½ͿˣţֻҪһͨúĴ½ԪͿˡ˵
Ҷһ£Ӧ洵ϢԽԽͻȻͳŰϽ飬Ҳ԰
ҶϴĲԣͨ磬ɲģֲС

ȻУҶߣ֮󣬺Ԫйһӿʱռڡ
Ѿ¡ԴüϹħ洣ͻһᵽϤϢϤķ
ϧ̫ˣ
ҪʱзǱĿܣڡ
һɲǣϹħ޹ԴػΪɢ
ռڣǾ޴ͻȻʧȥе֧һȻء
СΪԭ컯ٶȷǳޣ洵Уɱдûб⡣
ͬһɲǣһ뿪ռڣľͻȻ䷢һһĳ⻪ջΪ⣬䱾壬ãȻĿǿռݵ˷˳״̬
Ҳͬһɲǣ޷ݵıؼѪĴ½ͨУ˽
Ѫȴ
ȻԭҶҲ
洵СɵĲˣȻûжѪ꽵١
Ҷֵǣ־Ľûڶ
ҶʱҶ͵һһ޷ݵۻ룬͵ӿҶڣҶԡȪ֮С
Ҷף־ļ
ֻһε־Ľȴ֮ǰκһζҪۻ롣
ۻ뾢ͷǼʮǰٱ
ǣҶ濴ȴûɶá
ô־ĽƺҲûɶá
Ҷ渹̵ʱ򣬻ȣ˵ӿڵ־͵ǰٴ麣һҶԴ
ӿҶڵ־
ǰôնɱ컯õ־Ľǵõٻһ׷״Ҷ֣һӿҶԴ
Ҷ֣Ҳ֣ôɢ˼
ԴߵҪǱ֮³⣬ҶɾͳΪԩˡ
Ҷ淴ӦЩ־ĽѾ嵽ҶԴܱߡ
ܵģ˵ʶģҶԴܱߵɫӿ˲Ϣ䣬Щ־Ľʱ䡣
ԭֻڸӦ֮е־ĽͻȻ⣬ҶԴͷ
һۿȥҶǱһȦɫһһ޷ݵָоҶͷ
ʲô⣿
ҲڴʱԪ鰢󾪺˵⣬ͷ˵ĹȻģ


3106 ϣ
ħڣͷ֪ħʦԣħ񹬹֪ħʦѵ߳š
ʦܣȥʱôģԸҶ棬һҪʨӲһʹȫôܡ
㲻ʦֵĻ£ôʦĻӦҲȥɣ
֪ôˣʦǴûк޹κһˣҶ棡
ôˣʦһֱǣȷǱɵҶ棡
֪˾Ͳ˵ˣʦΪԼ̳֪֮λСʦߺ꣬ѾӴʱ䷨Сʦߺ꣬ͲҶ֪ʦжʹ𣿡
㵹ãʧܣʧ˴˵ߵϹħҲˣ

ѵһˮ컯ԣһֱ涪ˡ
ƽأʦְȻħ񹬵Ĺȴܲǻƽƽǽ죬ȴǱѵˡ
ǧδѵȫڽ찤ˡ
֪ħʦǸްҶˣ涪ˡ
ħڣһܵػʹеǾСϢķɿ졣
챻ʦְѵһˮ飬ò˶ãħھ˾֪
氡
ʦ֣ⲻҲǵ洳£żæԮʧһϹħ壬һ˵
㡭
ѵͷϵ֪ħʦһ㻹֪õõã̫ˣʦҿ޷᲻¡
ߣһȥʦɣ
һҪȥʦ֪ħʦԾЩʦϣȻôѵǣǺɫԽˣԾԽ·
ʦ֣ܲȽ飬ȥʦ𣿡Сʵ
˵أħ񹬹һ۰ԣ뿪Σ֪ħʦֻε̾ϧһϡ
εĽֻˡ
Ľ
ҪϹħˣǲĽ
֪ϣħĴڣĵǣʱ䣬ܼ
Ȼʱ䣬ĶǾϣķ
ǰ֪ħʦĹȥӰ²ʦʦ𷣣
Ϣ󣬾дһ̾Ϣ
ѵҶ棬ˣλ컯ʮλħ񣬶òϣ̾ϢУ͸һŨŨı⡣
ϣһ˵֪ħʦұ䣬æڵأͷأܣʦ𷣣ʧܵȫңҵһγʱӳڽ֮ģûȫ֡
ȵӷӦȫ֮ʣȴҶ˵Ȧסϴˡ
źһ¶֪ϣķ˳Ű֣ɡ
Щ£֮˵£ΣҶ棬ҲһҪȻҲһССİ벽컯ܹʩչɽ֮뿪Ȼɱһǹ
ǻǺҶˡ
Ҷ棬鱦
ϣһħ񹬹ɫȱˣҶ鱦ʦˣΣˡ
洣ĿǰٻŰɣϣʵ
ʦĿǰţ洵ڵ񣬾㶼ãֻ޷ͨ洵׷ٵ洵Ϣ洺һ統УпܣǱĳС統С˵
С磬϶ҶйأֻҪҵҶˣܹȳˣԼ
ʦҪɵ붯һλϹħǰȥӪ洣ΪϹħ񣬑ǳ⣬ǡħ񹬹༱

֪ϣҡҡͷĿǰ֪ôȣ
˵ˣΪϹħ컯ˣ챦ײ䡣
ˣϷԤһΣɶǰӪȡ֪ϣ˵
ҪӪʦˡ֪ħʦһĲ
Ҳڴʱħ񹬹ɫͻȻͱޱȵѿֶ΢Ĳ
˶Դ֪ϣ֪ħʦԵĶ֮ܣȻӦˡ
Ŀͬʱ䵽ħ񹬹ϡ
ƺʶʲô֪ħʦͻȻҲɫ䣬ɣ
ⲻܣ
ôܣ
֪ϣĿƽ죬ħ񹬹࣬ٴηһ̾Ϣ
Ϲħ񰡡
ʦ𣬸սӵϹħ洵ĹħеˣϢȫޣħ񹬹һĲȻ
ħħ񣬶طħ幩Щǿħ񣬱
ǣһħ䣬乩ħе񣬾ͻ᳹ױ١
Ϲħ洵飬ʹϹħȻˡ
һλϹħһλ컯ͻȻ䣬ϢǴ»ħȻ󲨣ĸ
Ϣɣ֪ϣٴνһ䡣
ħ񹬹ɫѿʦ𣬵Ȼ˷һλϹħͻȻ䣬ϢѾˡ
ֻֻͨڲ֪Ϣ߲ڲò˶ã¾ȫ֪ˡ
С֪ħʦͻһһλϹħ컯䣬ʿӰ̫ˡ
֮ոտʼһλ컯֮ô롣
նɱ֣ѪѪģ
˵֪ħʦԾʦʦ֣޿ռͨʦĬңһὫҶ˵ͷ͵ʦǰ
ħ񹬹û˵ֻǿʦ֪ϣ
ϣĿŷȻİԣòŻΪʦԤһ


3107 ̨
֪ϣԤһ㣬ΪӵİԷǳ
£ʦϣǿ󣬶伫Ϊ徲ľԤйħĴ¡ħʰ껵Ҳ侫ɵġ
ǣħȴһֻд֪ܵٵĽ̨
Ŀ⿴ֻ̨ǽħʥߴʵϣֻаǲ̨֪ħĴ½ߵĽ
ֿͨռطͶ䣬ʵ̨֮ߴ
ˣλûڸʱڱãǳı仯ƶԱ̨֤һֱһѵĸӦ硢Ϣλá
̨֪ϣٶá
ħڲм¼ǣֻÿλλʱ֪ŻᶯһΡ
ǽ죬ΪҶ£ڰ𾪵ĿУ֪ϣȴᲽһ̤ͷ·̤һ׽εһڰԵעУյе̨
ԶһۣĬȻ
ԸǻںޣʦΪҶ棬Ȼ̨˵ÿһζ̨ʦҪһĴۡ
һʼȫԸֱҶ棬¾ûô鷳
ʱģֻǵȴ
ڰԵӦУ̨ȻʹĸӦʧУȴһĪı仯컯ΪҲ޷ӦǿиӦֻķҡ
ǰ໹ǰԣûм̳оϣ²ʸ޷̤Ԥһֻܵš
ʱ䲻Լһʱ̨ȻٴγУĿͬʱȥʱ򣬴֪ϣٴβ¡
ֻǣļôûз̤Ʈݣżġ
ǰԻǴӴ֪ϣϿһƲ԰ף˼ǰȴ֪ϣֹ
˵ɡ
֪ϣв˾ᣬԶһۺٴθ
ֻͨмҪ飬Żھ˵
𿴴֪ϣ򵥣ȴԳһ磬κˡκηʽ޷̽
ʦˡ֪ħʦٴοͷ
ʦ𣬲֪˴ԤΣʦʾ¡ħ񹬹ʵ
һǰһƬңǰҪңӦλ컯Ҫ컯ͥԭ򣬼ѿ塣֪ϣ˵
ԣͬʱĬȻ
̨Խ֮ӪĹ֮ͨޱټЩٶã۵ܹΪʦӻޱȵУһʲô
˵䣬ϣٴο˰ԣһΣΪʦһ򣬽֪֮ٴ
ʦʾ£ҵס
̨һΣҪĵǰǧĻۣԵһ£ΪʦδϾʱȻ޶ˡϣ˵
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һ㣬ǳҪ
Ȼ˵ħ֮λӣûʲôӰ죬ǣÿ󣬶һӴļ塣
ܹǰõϢֻüеĳЩϵǰ£һ£ܹüõ޴ͷչ
Ǵ֪ϣȴޱȿɬû뵽̨ĻۣȻ壬̫׷̫ӴƵףмλô̫ӵףȻҲһһ
ΪʦҲûпδ֮˭ȣϣҵĿȵϢңæǰ̵ͬʱҲȻʦΪһԤȻˡ
ףǳΣգΪ֮ܺˣҲ֮λ䣬Ҳǡ
֮Էǳ̫࣬ã
ԤʾţĿǰδش֮УܻᴦơϣȻ
ʦǲģֻĿǰָı䣬ôȻҲı䡣˵
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Ͼǵ˽УҶµģۣǾͲǿøΣԲսپ
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ڵһʱ䣬óŲ̵ȽϵʽϵҶ档
߿ԶȴЦ㾡ϵ˶ˣǻƭ㲻ɣ㣬ˣĪҪ󡣡
ʷû뵽µʥּţҪּ𣿡ͯº߳
ʱηɰ׵ѵ㣬ûӰ죬ȴǱüᶨޱȡ
̫ˣҪַͨʽȷ֮󣬲ܽʥּ
Բ׽˧Ѫȥ
˲Ϣ䣬ʹ߶Ų̡
ͬһɲǣϿյʥƽһ޼ɵıʥϢ
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һغбʱµʥϢӭЩϢ
̶һ˲䣬Ŀǰפڵ컯ˣڵλ컯񽫵ϢʥϢȫڸ߿нײ
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ƺҪһѵѡ
޳ܣηɰŭɲǣ


3113 ټ֤
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ηɰԼ֣ʥƽЦţһ綾һ㣬ʥƽ̽⻪̽ηɰס
ͬһɲǣؼϢ΢΢һ䣬ηɰ׵˷ԪͻȻͱôؼһ˲ƺֻʣ˽ϵľϵԪ
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ҶЦ˲ϲȣȻ㲻ҾֻԼȡ
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ʥƽǾ壬ӦܱطϢĸı䣬ȴɡ
óֵطֶ𣿡
һЦʥƽӿͬͼϵԪγط
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һɲǣƽɫͱˡ
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ܱߵĽϵԪȻк
ⲻӦð
ڽϵط꣬述
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ڣܱеĽϵԪк
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ǣ·ƽȫ޷߶һ˿һĽϵط޷һϵԪ
ҶЦЦĿӺɽӹ
һɲǣɽ쳤һɢɭɫĺ⣬ҶƵĽϵطնʥƽ
ʥƽ󺧣һرɳɲǣͼˣң
ʥʶҪˣμ


3117 Ь
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ʶڵһʱ伱˵ʥ˸䣬ͻȻͷһȻ졣
θոʧʥĪĴԭأָһͷη״
Ҳͬһɲǣ齣¼䣬ʥƽĴͷ­ȻգǻѪֱ硣
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ô㣬ڽϵط裬Ҷ
ôֹ״̬أ
ֻǴʱͷʥƽȫԱ
ԮԼʥĪ裬ʥƽԴڵһʱʹӱնɵͷ­ڷɳ
ֻҪԴӳ죬һսʥһ
ǣƽԴոնݳ;ķ֣˷ĽϵԪͻȻǻһ˲γһȦϵԪסͬʱɽµĽ⣬ٴָԴԴ޷ֺ
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Ҷ涯֮䣬Ȼ߲һؿռϡ
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ʱͯºĿҶնɱʥƽֶ֮ǳʹеԣɸˡ
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Ҷһͯºˣһͯº͹˵ϣϢŭҴˣǹˣϢŭһ˵ͯºԸԸ͡
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Ҷǽʦηɰʱռ䡣
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3125 Ҫһ
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λڣȻ컯ѹ֮վıֱίʵе㾪ˡ
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ճǶǵǲ컯ѹ
λˣҼұ£붫£λȺĺáλǵĶһۣҼξǧ΢΢һ٣ͦ˵
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Ķʥ⣬ණһʥʱͷˡ
Ʒһ´ٴιرգҼξǧ΢һ֣ͦε˴ſڡ
ˣҶٿ޼˾еĿŵľӢٶȼ죬ڼԼߣҵ˵ϤĽ̵£ľ御գǷȱֻΪͻ
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һλҶ淢ʦηɰ׵һλŽٽ̵ΪȻҪǿٿ޼˾
Ҫ֪꣬ʦηɰ׵ŽٽΪηɰ׵ԭֻһʱʱռ޼˾Ҷߣǳʱռ
ʵЧ޼˾ȻŽٽ̡
ҶȻ㹴أһ;ϵľ壬Ѳͬնһ˼⣬ˡ
ٿ޼˾Ȼʱռʱȴ쳵һ
Ϊ̤뵽غ͵֮󣬸ҪԳʱռĿ޼˾ȷˡ
Ҷȡѵٿ޼˾ľ仯лʱʱռչͻơ
ҼξǧȴҶصԴߡ
ȻսȺȴսԴĴʥ壬̡
´ڣʮλһʥۼһڷŵ˶̸ӦҲ
ȣùϲҶλδϺҶְɣԭ㷲Ķ裬ͻȻһš
񣿡Ҷ治ÿɷЦЦֻǵͷƷ衣
öЩɻҶͻأˣҪʲôأ
֪Ҷкιɣ벻׳ĶͿżɽѯ
ҪһˡҶ˵
˭ЩȻ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷ濴˴⣬ˣ
ͬʱʱ´Ĵٴζԭ׼ʥ˾첽룡


3126 û̸
ʥ˾˶̵ʱڸϵȻΪǴ׼һ£¸ĸ谲޷뿪ء
˵ˣô̵ʱڣʥ˾Ҳϲ
ֻʥӪľѪֻǱٰˡ
ֻǾѪν˵Ӱʥ˾һ֣ʱ´һʥǣʱͱޱȰģ
ֻҪʥ˾ڣǾѪҲǶ롣
ԼľѪ֣ͷһ˿ʧæԼľѪӭ
˾£һֱδҶ΢΢еĲյŶ˾⡣
ʥǴʥȻֶΣһ㣬ҶĳҪɥ֮ȮҵɢʧˡҶЦ
˾⸡ֻ֣鱨жѣΪ׼Ϊ㣬һжԴΪء
ǽͣ
£ӲͣǣǱǣ˾ľѪûκα顣
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Ҷ»Ҫ࿼ǿǺģ

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Уֱӽ˾ľѪʵʵģѪ⾭ҪѨУ޷תѪ
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Ҫ֪ȻֻǾѪֻɵսҲ˭ܿƵġ
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ǸղĪĻϯ˷ĿռڵĻͻȻ͸һĪİС
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ִطķ͹õܣٶҲ졣
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ʱסĶ˾ľѪͻسҶ汩ң
һͻһţϵĺɷޱȣһֵ֮С
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ڶУ׹ӿڶ˾ע£Դ˲Ϣҷ


3127 ʺ
أڳǶ
Ϊ׼˾ǣȥ˴׼һְԶΪ׵ĸ׷ǰϴ̽ϢӦ֮ߡ
Ӧ֮⡣
ǶҪ⣬ôЩ߹壬ԻڵһʱǸͬ
Ρ
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һ峤̸磬һƣһߣýҪľںݵľѪ֮ϣҶҪʲô
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ڣ˵Ŀⶼ˶˾˸ֱӿѯʷʲô¡
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Ҷԣڴ֮ǰ˾ȨµԼҵ컯񽫶㡢гϵӰҪҶء
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ʱ˿̣Ҷ淴֮˺ԣƺûʲô
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µѪ㶫˾ɳҲҪƵʱ䣬ûѡء
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ڣȴҶ浱Ŷ˾棬ɱ˾ķŭʹģֱ޷ݡ
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ֶõĲ࣬ȴҶʲôʵûи
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ʥ㾫ѪһãĻ˧ҰİҶĳʺã


3128 
Ѫ١ѪһԴԼϢ˲رҶԶصĶ˾׻Ϣ΢΢һͬʱһ޷Ļ䡣
˾ȴǻ벻⣬һЩԶļ仭棬Ȼ両ԺС
Ļ˧Ұİ
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ͷȻֱȼԪԶݣö˾ıûеóѡ
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Ҷ棬ɲΪڵĳͻһߵڣҲҶƶ
ҶǰͶһΪˡ
ЦǣǶһҾȻȻһǸһƽֱҶУ
һˣ˾ͻȻˡ
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ҶʧٵĵϵѪʮа˾žҶΪ˾ҧгݣ
֮ǰôϵѪʧ٣һֱҲͷҲѹûҶ뻳ɶ
ڣĻ˧ҰİһҶɡ
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У˾˫ü˼ǰ󣬶˾֣Ŀǰ£ҶпɲöԸ
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ڶԸҶ֮ǰİȫҲúúÿǡ
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٣ߡҲΨһߣҶв
ڵõĶжƣ޷ˡ
Сʱ˾ŵ飬ظᣬֻǵ˿ôĨĨ

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Ҷͷ֮࣬ǧλξͬʱҶ汳Ӱ
ǵȺ´ʮλһϵ컯ȴǴסˡ
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ҶҲɵ붫˾ΪУҶ˿壬ҶΪУǾҶɵˡ
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3129 
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˾֪£ΪŭԭñΪ񣬿ʮԭųмأչ۹
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ǣʱ˿̣γӢûκѡ

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۹Ʈҡ˱̫ǶۺΪ֮ܶڼܹһλȻ˻
չγӢ˯һþˡ
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Ҷ浱˵Ļ˧ĵҰİĴУҲĽ
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뿴ܲܳ׽֮
߶䣬ҶԴ֣һ⻪ӨӨมҶԴ֮ϡ


3130 ֮
ڵĻ˧Ҷһֱʵġ
ʣҶΪԽԽߣꡢԪ顢ԴԽԽɻҲԽΪԽࡣ
ҶӵĻ˧ҰİõĴкϵУϿƶϳĻ˧ҰİʱΪӦͻƵ˵
ΪӦڵڵ۷֮䡣
ҪȻҲ޷뵱ʱĶ˾ԡ
ûͻƵ컯컯òսĽǽǰˡ
ڵĻ˧Ľ˵ԵĻ˧ҰİΪʶĽҲӦޡ
ܽԪ飬ͻƵ컯֮ԴӦûжԼ
ãԴĽƣӦôȼ
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ǣҶȴһҲʩ컯ǿϡ
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3131 ľ
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Ҷõɫת·ߣľĹҶѾȫˡ


3132 
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ͻȻ䴫ļѵҶ״̬ѣľתֹͣҶ˵Ŀ⣬ȴǿԼԴ
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߲ʣÿһ֣졣
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һԴϢעɲǣڣͻȻͷĻ𺣡
УɫֱƵأ


3133 лл
ͻȻɸɫɵĻ𺣣ûʲôʲôˣʲô۶ӡ
ǣ𺣵̺һĪȴҶ˾衣
ѲǵĻ˧ҰİֶΣ
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ҶȻˣô˾ѾҶıɱ
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ǲɱ˵ģҶպľԶ޷Բ


3134 ¾
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Ȼûл׽٣ô͵ԺͻƵ컯ʱĻ׽ٰɡ
ΪӦò̫ãܹͻƵ컯ˡ
һ컯Сèüͷ磬иоҽ׷ʥľѪԴ»֧ΪͻƵ컯
ô˵ǻҪľѪԴˣ
⻹򵥣
ЦУҶֱӽСèӽʱռ䡣
úõʱռȹһ¾硣ȻҴȥһλѣ
ѣҪȥ˭Сèһĺ档
ΪͻƵ֮СèĽ⣬Ҳö
ȻǰйඣľѪԴã
ЦУҶԭʧ
׷ʥĪʥٲûб֣СèͻƵϢ˻ע⡣
עڻеĽ졣
һͻƣһֽԣʲô
˵Ψһ𾪵ģǾͻ֮Ϊֱ۷塣
鱨㱨ȥ˲ԶĻ죬׷ǰ̽ӦϢ
ûãСèͻƵĵطһӻӢ˲򻢱ɷȫŻεĻŮ
ͷһĳŮֻɨһȦϸϸӦ֮ͻȻϲ֮ɫסôǻСèϢ
Сèˣ


3140 
ȿɽ֣֮أɽ֡
δʧǰĴڣȿƶ֮غ֮ء
ɽ֡ɽ·ղ˵ɽжޣɽˮ
ǣڴܿɽˮȿȴǻڲġ
ڻһ忿ȵ֮кڻһİԵŷֵȿ
ڴܹԱеɽˮ֮أȴޱʺϻ己Ϣפ
ڻʱйȿһɽ߷֮ϣǻϰߡ
Ϊħ컯ԭ򣬸жȵҲ⡣
˵嵱еĻһ壬ĸ
ڲϵĹӳǣռء
һȴڹռ˴󲿷֮֮󣬾ɽֶһĶֵأжս
ò˵ΪȷʵܸǱźʦŵ塣
֮ô˵ط棬ڼ֧̬ƣвġ
Ŀǰѵ±ľӢĸǿսеǽݺݡ
ΪݵͣѾռ֮أͷ͡
ۻһһ壬Թռһ֮֮ŵĲͽֹͣˡ
ҪǻҶصľߣҲλ˵ùȥݣѸ͵ݡ
žĴڸֱԭ
һȻһ㣬ȴһȣĴµĴдʧҲոʧصĻᡣ
Ϻ꣬Թӻ治Ǹǵġ
⵱еĹؽڵҶ棬ͻأĳȿ߷һ׵ȴªĴڡ
ڴһĺڻ䣬˫ü絶㵹ɲǣĿⶸصͻȻĴеҶ棡
ˣڻͫ׶һ
Ҷ浱ȥ̫磬ʱҶ棬Ϊѡ
꣬ҶںڻһСһȻŪҸס
õ֮󣬺ڻŪҶ棬Ͼö۵ıҪǴȥɲ̫˵
ֻû룬Ҷ̫һʱͶˡ
ȻⳡؽУҶ沢δڻչ棬º鱨Уڻ֪Ҷģ
񿴵ͻأֵҶ棬ʱ˳
ϳҶɲǣڻͰԵһ
Ҷ棬ںڻУֻǸŪյ϶ѡ
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ԼͻȻ֣ڻȻ͵Ҷ浹ԵЩˡ
ڻûеһʱ䱩ӶݣʵǳҶϡ
Ȼڻ˽ԹҶ˵
ڻĬ˼ϢҪ˵˽ԹҲӦȥ˽ԹҲҰɣϾҶӺƴʥ
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ǳĬ˼ϢڻٴγɱϾ˶ӣҪҲӦȥ㱨𣿡
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ڻҲ壬ΪڻҪǷҶĳ浶ʵǹһʤҶĳӣ滢
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Ϣ֮Ϣݿնһ컯һ벽컯
ҵϢ͵س˴ҶȴͷҲûأֻ΢΢һţûų£Ҳûжʸ͵ʸ
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Ŀ⶯ǰĵڶٶͻȻûޱȡ
ҲڴʱʸƿУλ컯˾ڵĻ񣬾һֻϹ۵ɵһֱͦͦײҶ䡣
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΢ıУʸԶλ컯˾ڵĻ˭ûпͱ䱬Դʸޱߵɷ£Դûجج
һǿͨʵδʩչͽ䡣
׷λǰԮڻĽʥƼͫһ˲Ϣþ֡
޷ݵĿ־˲Ϣȫ֮һģвʣ
ȵĲʣ
ô꣬Ĵ½ż꣬ѵҪˣ
ҪĪ
ӳ죬ѹû
ǰʵĻ񣬾͵ˣͱ˵벽컯ˡ
ѹûκӳĿܣ
ֻǴ˴˿̣г˲ʻǲʣ
ȵĲУʥƼͻȻ䷢֣һͻȻü
ϢٶȱɱһȴҪʮ
Ȼ뼫̣һȴһ
ⱬ䣬μʥƼ֮ıܿһ䡣
ΣŹ֮ýʥĿҶ档
ԭûκλĿܡ
ҶĽʥȴֵֿһĻ
λ컯˾ĻԮɲǣڻǣҶ棬Ȼתӡ
ڻľȻȡӳĻᣡ
ϧǣҶһ侪޵дɭɷ⣬ڻͷ­ͳ
һĻǡñƼˡ


3141 
û뵽úڻȻ繷һH⣡ںڻУҶ׹³ڻԴޡ
Ҷնɱ컯˾ڵĺڻطô߶ֻҪɽͿնɱ
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նɱڻ컯˾ڣնвһ
ɽƷףҶԸҲжϲˡ
ǰǺƷ鱦һɷͺɷ֮ԭȻﵽ˺鱦ļޣͻƳΪ鱦ȴҪԵġ
ɲ˵ͻƾܹͻƵġ
ֻҶ֤Ҷƿصϵطӳ֮£һȵ
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ʯ䣬ڻҶնɱ
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ڻһһΪսǿȴǰնвһնɱ
Ӧ˵ɱ
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ҪǰҪɱ¸ղųһɲǣ͸һһͷˡ
ҶĿƽΣûκѹһƳʥ͸£Ķɤۡ
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һ˲䣬ѹ£ＵӶЩ£һʱ֮侹ȻûзӦ˭
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ֱʱƼȻȷǰ֮˲ɱʮа˾ΪСＵԭ
һˣƼп֣ŽύĺＣƽʱп
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ǷŸӦƼѽƱһѪϢСмҶ˲뵽ʲô
Ҷڵʯ䣬ֱӴ߶ʱ䷨ʱһʸٶȱ
ҪȻƼȻΪҶļԩꡣ
ҲҿӦļʱҪɱƼҶ滹治֪СＡ
ʸ¸մպҲС˵Ƽһ䡣
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Ҷ棿
Ƽ˫صɴĿҶ档
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ת̫磬͸˽ʶļѣҶһ£Ƽݺݵѵһͨ
Ҷ̫磬ƼֽＺݺݵѵһͨԶҶ棬Ҳ׼Ҷϵø¡
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ипȻ֪ǧ
廹ǸϽ뿪ɣ»鷳Ҷһ
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Ƽæͷ
Ȼ˵Ҷ֮ûκιϸ𣬵ҪǴȥΪʲôҶɱ˺ڻһλ񣬷ɱ
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ĳȸˣ
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Ƽһ̫Ҷ˼
Ҷĺȴǣǻ嵹ǳ˹ӣĹİҸյȿ»û꣬Ǿ͸ˣ
ͬһɲǣռ䲨У컯ߴʮ컯˾ϢسڴΧ
Ȼһ죬ǿϢ£˷档
Ҷ˫ǿϢ£Ľ滯ɷɻңһһֱӱų⵽Զֳȴûһ̳
ͻȻʮλ񣬳ʰΧ̬ƣΧסҶ档
ҶĻλ컯еһλɫһ䣬Ҫǰ߳Ҷ档
⽫ɹӣʵЩ
ɵģ컯񽫣ȻҲɢѽƱѪϢ
ȴǰߵĻ컯񽫾ֹ
ʮĵϢ˲ϢҶ棬Ҷ浹ûʲôһĵȻ
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ҶĿ⻺ĴʮλɨЩ⣬Ȼвˡ
Ҳڴʱͷλ컯񽫾ĿҲ䵽Ҷϣڻأ½ˣ


3142 Ź̬
ڻأ½ˣ
ͷ컯񽫵ķʣñƼмΪ
վϣʱӦøˡ
վڶѵϣȴЩġ
Ҷüëȴ΢΢һͷ컯񽫵ķʣЩŹ֡
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峤ͿϺ꣬겼޵Ҷµħ磬׷ɱҶδٴμҶ棬ȻЦеҶ⣬мֹŹ֣Ҷͷԡ
Ȼ˵ͿϺܹõֺĴ½ԭΪҲͻƵ컯ΧҶ棬Ϻ꾹ȻǰҶ֡
Ŀһת䵽һλϣһųɫףһƵĸڵڡ¶¶ףȴս֮޷ݵӢ次
໢һС椻ü
ֻǴʱĻüԵ컯˾ڵĳ෢󺺵ĴָסҲǳ˸
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Ҷʱû뵽ȿҺڻ鷳ٱ¶뻢üйϵ
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Īй¶ΧȴҶҪ׵ġ
ҪǸ㲻ףҶԺŰ£ɵôʮֵСġ
һСıĳλ컯λ컯񽫸ˣǿɾһˡ
ҶпǺڻѶأ
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ڻǰ󲻹ʮϢʱ䡣
ڻ㷢ѶţԶʮ֮Ļһλпܣһݼĸʮλ壬Բܣ
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СèںڻľѪ͵ѪСèΪͻƵ컯񽫣Ͷˡ
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նɱ˰׻ۣǿɾͲһˡ
Сè˰׻۵ľѪСèѪٿһ·ͻƵ컯
УҶ԰׻Ȥ
ȻָϵȤ
նɱĻ񣬶ҶԣѾûκϵļֵСɣҲɲʲô
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Ҷ汻Ϳ̬ȸЩԺˣǰⲨΧԼ񣬾ǵأѣ
ȿȣ
ͿɿʵмñˣڸΪ˰Χ㣬Ϊӭ㡣
Ȼ鱨ΪӦ⣬ŴôˡͿ˵
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š
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ҶһţͿָ˻üǲţʳüС١
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ͿЦüСʦڵΪЩ⣬£ʵǿ̸̸
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3143 ѡ֮
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ʦҪԲͣұСϲȾƴ⡣
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Ǹ֮ˡѡֻ֮ǸĽŲǰ˵ҲܹȵĶɹһδ֮ǻôô
˵û˲֪֪ˣ֮ˡѡ֮ӶŸɣµʱôĶ֪໢˵
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Ĵ峤Ϳ˶Ҷ澴⣬ܻ򺣾Ԫ˧ԭαڷ̫Ҷ棬Ϸȷֵ֮ˣѡ֮ӣ
Ҷ浱ס


3144 
Ҷһ϶˵Цı顣
λĴ峤ʦŵһʦȴָΪʣԲΪ飬٩٩̸
ΪϷ˵Ϊ
ҶԪ˧ǳ￤м¼ΪӦڡ
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ҶԪ˧֮һһˣʮǰϹŵ洫ӡ˳ĺܣǵĴ֮һ½ĵλ״ӡ
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Ϳ˵Ҷ滹֪ʦֺܾȻ˾ž޵
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ʮ꣬Ϊӻ꺣ͻƵ˳ѷ׵컯
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ǣҶЩʱ򾿾ڵǱʱ䣬ǳɰǧꡣ
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˵ע䵽˵֮ϵɲǣǰ񵶵ޣ̽ͬһߣ
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Сģ
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3154 
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֮˲Ϣ䱻ƣùͫΪ֮һ
Ǻųɽų֮ߵ컯
ŵķӦҲǼ죬˲Ϣȫ߶Ļɳ𵶡
һҫ۵ĽֻԴŻûʶʲô£ֻԴʹ̲סѪ硣
һɲǣźȻͿһĻ澰
ǰһһεļһʹĽ𵶲֪ιʱʮ飬ȻͷǻѪ
𾪵ǣ˻˰Фˣһ𾪵Ŀǰ
ͻȻ䣬ˣŲ
ôԣ
鿪Ľ𵶣죿
ŵ飬ͻȻ־֣
Ӧ˹
ǸǻѪͷʬ壬ġ
Ľ𵶣Ҳġ
⼫̵һɲǼ䣬ѾҶնˣ
ڹʶһɲǣûκζɲǣһֻ־ͶסԴ΢һԴһ
ŸոɲԴȻԷС
ŷĴ߶Դͼ뿿Դ
ֻɫɵƣȴǯһ۹ôûκô
ڣɹڣ˰ФˣĪ
ɹ۾Լˡ
Σʱ̣أΪʲô֪ͨһ˵ĴУҶ濴˴ɹ鱦׹޻ɳ˴ɹ˿ڡ
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ˣʱʮ𼱣Ҫϰ˷ˣɽ컯ıԴֻܿˮĥ⡣ɹֹҶΪˡ
ҶȴִŵĽ׹޴˴ɹ˿ڡ
׹޸ոսӴɹ˿ϵ⻪Ҷ׹ϵĹ⻪͵ȥ
Ҷĺ鱦׹ޣȻ컯Ĳ౾Դѹˡ
ҶǻзһߣĿֻ΢΢һɹ˿̾ͻȻ䲻ܿƵĲ
ƺʲôǿгȴӲ
ף
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ֻǣ컯ɹڵǲģҲǿޱȡ
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Ҷŭ߳ɫԴشԺ֣ɹڵĲٴξҵɹ˿룬޷뿪

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׹޵ģʵֻǵժʱ磬ûг׳ɰˡ
ʱ˿̣ɹǻ˰ФȿҶĿȻȫһˡ
˭Ҳ벻ʮ겻ǸʹȻȻǿ󣬿ǿֲ
Լ֮̾ڴɹ˿е֮Ҷ滯ţ֮ǿ롣
̾˿ϵ֮һ룬ɹòת˺ͷٵĻָ
̺ŨŨԸӿ˿ڣ˿ۿɼٶ䶯
¶ࡢβ
ڵѪ⿪ʼ䣬Ϲǿʼ
䣬ǳһ˿Ѿ׻ָˡ
ɹҰܵϢ˲ϢͷٵĻָ
ʱҵƾܳ׻ָɹЦ
Ҷ濴ȴֱۣĹɹõԸѾһǧΰɡ
ܲòŹ֡
ǹݳ޵ġ
Ҫ컯˿µۺ
ǰ޷ָһԸ֮һȴֻǸԵ
ƹĴɹԶúԸûϸҲûκô
ھԵ֮ǰ컯ıԴǰٶԸٶȣҲǷǳǳġ
ʹЩ굽ȥʲôˣ
ô̶ʮ꣬ͱǿ󣿡ȱ˰Ļ˵˳
ǰʹʮǰǣڣѾ컯˰ɣ˰ϲ
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û뵽¶أôıʣΪʲô֪ͨңҶЩ
ɹȴǳ̾һսʼ֮ǰҾ֪һٵľƣޱȵļѡ
û뵽սʼ֮󣬾澹ȻϷеĻҪѡ
֮Բ֪ͨ㣬ɳսΣ⣬ٹͲϾ
˵ɹɫͻһ䣬Ͻߣ뿪
ǻûз֣뿪


3155 һ
뿪
ΪʲôҪ뿪
ɹ뿪ҶЩȻ
ΣŷӦԭɹ˾ڵİΣ
Ȼԭɹ˾Եǰƣɺܱۡ
һΣĲһ
Ʒٻָɹһأһұɽ컯ˣʵԭֻһС֡
ԭǣȷʵȷʵ޷սʤ
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ҶʳȾ̲סʵ㵱йλ컯սֻ컯񽫣Ϊʲô˱ûģ
ɹҶһֿۣһ۱ҶƵĹŵԴ
ͽԣɳȷʵˣǰһˡ
Ҷ桢˰ФЩףɹ⵽ʲô˼
ϷǰԻ컯ֻһ񵶣
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˴ĻɳɳУ˵ʵȵıѹƣϷ񵶵ȴֻᱻɱ
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˵ɹǸһ˿Σǣ񣬻ɳܣȴǰ֮һûˣɹ˵
ΪʲôҶ׷ʣѹûֻ˰ФȵϵĿЦ
ΪɳѾûɳˣ

Ҷ㵱˲ػʱɳ龰
״յһۿȥѾɳˡ
ҪҵƬĻɳüѰҡ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶˣҲÿɬ
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ڣ油֮ɳ컯ĿѾûˡ
ǵ鱨^뼧Ԩɳİڵ컯ǿߣжʮʮ֮䡣
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߰ɣ
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ҶĿⶨ˶ȻᶨҡҡͷҲߣҲߡ
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ûǣûɳֻһˣģٹ⣬Ҳûи˵Ŀܡ
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˶һۣɹس𣬽е񵶵ݸҶ档
˵Ϊ񵶣ֻ񵶣ǿȨ
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3156 һѴ
ƽڵػ磬ǴɹƵģΪ
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ʹˣǶΣġԣɡ
սʤ˵İգ뾡
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ȱԸ컯ȴϡٵԭ³ȽϸӣһʹϸĽ͡
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Ȼ˾ͶĿҶ棬ȴҶĴ𰸡
һӣš˰ФȣĸðͷԷˡ
ʱ޵˻ͶȴǾͶҲˡ
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ħŮˣǷǳҪġЩһŮˣǸħ彻׵õĻ
ۿͷûϢרΪʹڵҲǼˡ
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ФҲΪӼ˵ģôϵС檣۰мӡ
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ս֮Уû˻Ὣ嵱˿
һ˵ʲôʱ򣬴֮ڣͻ̽һֻ֣˵ǷӦûüͱ˴С
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㡭˭ɱ˹š
һɲǣʶˣҲʶںεȵΣ֮С
ԷŶɱˣô
˵նʹǵδ壬ȻҲˣҶƽУȴ͸һ޷ݵĺ⣬˲Ϣͱþ֡

㲻ɱң
ɱңɱǵģ
ҲԲŹǵģʱ򣬽ǲݡ
Ĳҽиո𣬾͸Ȼֹ
ΣҶһʹʬ壬Ŀ˱Ĺŵꡣ
ƻָôˣûȤһѴģҶЦʵ
ȻУɹЦ


3157 
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ɳŴɳ֮һ
ͬʱҲǾƽɳǣɳʥػƽǵıԵֻǧ
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Դϣʥǻƽǳκ⣬ɳǶԾͽ䡣
ƽκΣգɳǵĸʿҲԾͽ֧Ԯ
ͬʱɳǻֵŷֵƽ鷳á
ΪʥǵԵʣ˷㼯ƽǵ˿ڣԽԽ࣬ƽɾ޴ĸɳҲƵá
Ȼɳǵòֹڴˡ
磬ɳǿΪƽǵΧȦ
֮УɳǶʥǻƽǣǷǳҪġ
ڣҪԣѾһЦ
µĴ칦򣬿ɳǾͱƣɳפʮɳսʿ붼Ϊ²
ȻΪǲͣǵĳͶˡ
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ʱ˿̣ʱޣд칦򣬾ǽҹʱ
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٤ЦЦԴ̾һӹĿడ
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ɵܣ㲻֪ǰǺεңӣԴаĵӣÿնҪʱޣҪʱķҩ
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٤λɽ컯ˣ뷭һİۡ
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ֻΪʧֵԭ׵еӣҲ̫ù
ĺõԭǼɽһУ̫ʹ
źĴ½Ƽ䣬ʼ߶Ƚףԭ
ֻǣԭߵĽȴһһľ֧Ͷһ
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3158 һ
ӼɵھУڵ
٤磬񽫣СȾһԤףǼ²湦
Ӽɾٱ٤źų֮ߵ컯ȻǾٱӭ
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Ҫǣ⼧٤ӣҲɽɽʶ
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ѾͶϹɳṩһЩ鱨һ׷ķĿǰŬ׷顣
٤磬ûҵ֮ǰͲ𣿡Ǽĵġ

ҪӪѹʱ֮ǰͶǾͲƣĽеľ
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3159 
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ϾҶڵΪ飬޷ֱӴ߲ȫ컯Ĺġ
ҶϴнˡʮϢʱ䣬Ԫ鰢ҶԺ
ô죿ȫˣҶЩȻ
ʮϢʱ䣬ʱռڣʱûС
ûС
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˵ǽԪ鰢˵
ҶüͷĵͻƵ컯
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ô
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𱻳ŪˣʵԸӸֹᶥ϶Ϊһͻ컯طͼġҲȱࡢ򵥵ͻ֮鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ
ͼȱࣿ򵥵ģҶȻ


3164 
ͼȱģ򵥵ģ˷ѵģΣ
õܽõģôʲôԪ鰢һΣǰδеš
һΣҶҲΪͬ˵ܽľǺð취
˵ǿͲҪԸԸͲҪǿַȫ˷ѴԸԪ˵ԼĿ
٣ӦɳΪ˸õĿŴĹ
ڿƺͶƿء
ӦԸΪǿΪ
϶ڽǰ⣬ȴǷˡ
ǿΪԸΪ
УԸҪãǵԣܹŵطںϣԣڵԸࡣ
ԼֻȫԸͻ컯֮һ
ȻԸ֮࣬ҶϴԶһԸٳ컯˵
ٳɣ
ж죿ҶЩȻ
ʦ£Դ֮󣬴ԼҪһĹ򣬲ܳȹΪΪ컯ˡ
ǴԸͻƵĵȹתʱ䣬Ҫϡ
Ȼͻ֮дԸôʱԴȵ̡
ţӸͬͶԸͬʱӦҪһ²ȡ
ҶͻȻ֣һ˵⣬Ԫ鰢һյѣϲޱȡ
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Ԫ鰢ŰԪٺһЦһʤߵģһ򣬵ݸҶ档
󻹵һ䡣ͻƵ컯ķʽ޷ı׶ˡ
ԸͻƣպԸγԽߣԽ
ǿ߻߳ͻƣԺ󾳽ͻƴϼơ
ͻطΪһĽͻ֮պ󽫻ͬʱֱ׶Ӱ죬Ƹࡣ
ңҹ۳ۺϵŵĶַĶ࣬ŵ洫õҲãҲһֱƺͿƣԪ
ԪĻոأͱԪ鰢һı
ԪСɵȱ͸˻ôˣ
ƺͿôˣ
ƾʲôҪҶϴ˺°
ѲɣҶϴŪһƱ컯֮ЩһٷҶϴȨ
ɹǸͷӣһϿңҶϴøġǵΪֹռĺԸԸ˵Ļɳˡ
Ҷϴܲ𣿡
˵ˣҶϴͼıƿôˣ
ҪҶϴҪˣ
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ȥһԵй
굫ͷӻǣС˼ħ彵ʱͷӵҪźֹڱţ
Ǻֹʧɢôꣿ
ͷӺֹ
Ԫ鰢һͨ磬鱦ʮԪ챦ԪĬȻ
Σĵ磬ǶԵģ
Ҷ۾΢Уӣȷʵǻָ䡣
˵ŵ걻ţҲǼ򵥵ĶԹţǣ浽ħ彵һ£Ϊӡ
¶ҶڻҶֻռʵˣҲ
ò˵˵ӵжôѡ
ոմȻ갢ԪᾹȻҶŤͷһЦһĵӣҶϴ⹦ĳ̶ֳϳƿΪ㿼ǵܵ𣿡
ҶԪ鰢һİۣ
Ĺϲ
ϸоһԪ鰢ſţҶͻһ䣬ŰʵòҲҪ컯񽫵Ϊʩչɣ
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˷ܵĴһָ£Ҫ컯񽫵ΪҪǻ洫컯񽫣ſʩչ
Ҷ˫üҧгݣ˰죬˰컰Ȼƣиƨá
Ҷ淢֮ǰԪ鰢æһ䣬ȻҶϴ⣡
仰Ҷʱŭ⣬ʲô˼
ҶϴʩչȷʵҪ컯񽫵ǣ컯񽫵ָ컯񽫶طϵĲʹ߶̶ȡ
ֻдﵽ컯񽫣طĴ߶Ϳƴﵽһ̶ȣܴ߶յطչʾǸ컯Ԫ鰢˵
˵ʩطϵ裿޹غΪҶʵ
ȷʵˣԪ鰢һĵͷˡ
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Ҷϴ㲻һ֤
ط裬طֱƿأ̶ȣ˵ͨ컯񽫣컯ҲȲϡ
ǿһʩչġԪ鰢˵


3165 ޱȵĻ
ƽڣҶ滺˫˰Ф鶼ý
ΪҶľˣɳɳǵˡ
˾ɹϲĿҶ棬Ҷľ
Ҷȥ֧֣Ϊǽ˵Ļ֡
ҶսھɱһѪ·ѰٵĿ
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ǰҶҲ⣬û쾭Ԫ鰢֮Ҷſʼ濼⡣
ʮǰҶչʾһֶΣΪʹʱҶ־ɳɹҲΨһ֪Ҷʵݵġ
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֮гͻĿܣȫҶ뿪ɢˡ
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ڽ죬ֳͻҵԸ޷͵ĳ̶ȡ
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ʹĪǹͨˣֻǼ̳˵²ȫʧȥĴУ˰һ뾪ϲФ˶ĿҶ棬ȴҶĴ𰸡
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һϿɣպҶʹʵܹѹ˾һͷ
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ڣһϿɣҶܹΪʹٹʹ
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һʱ䣬˾ɹͷתͷͷ󻯳һĨ΢Ц
ʹڴ˿̲ĴУô϶Ǽ̳ΰɳĴУǽٹ´ʹ
˾ɹ˻ش𣬵شĺܱأǰ
ĲĴС
ò˵˾ɹǸϺꡣ
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Ҷɲ׵ľͰɹɹʩչ
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λһޱȵĻᣬ˭һԣ


3166 ʦ֮
λһޱȵĻᣬ˭һԣ
˰ФȡҪ˾ɹڣȻ䶼¶֮ɫ
˵֮أһҶóĴУô˾ɹأҶȻͽ벻⵽ѡ
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ȻףҶַȨˡ
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ֱӷȨ
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һ˲䣬ʶ֮ǰƳʹҶ棬еҪĶࡣ
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ȷȻشĺܼᶨ
Ҷ泤򱱷ңңҾֿȵ֮ԨԴպ֮ά֮£ұؽջعȡĺǣ
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ĿѣԵģȴҶԴƮʮɫķ·ʯĹš
Щޱȣɹǻ˰ФȣĿֻҪһ֣;ת˷ؾѹǲֱӡ
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˵ǻ˰Ф˲ĿãΪͻƵ컯Ĵ˾ɹʱҲ¶־֮ɫѹҶų
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ͬһɲǣڵ΢طϢΡΡɢ˷
ԻɳΪģɳ


3167 һ
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λ컯ǰʹ컯Ǳɳǣ˲Ϣͱһơ
µɳԪ˧Ӽɡ˧죬ɽʹ٤ɽ컯ͣ㶼Ĭţԡ
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ȷʵ޹شšӼЦ渱˧ȻҪۻܶȴܷɶ͸
ЩǰͶɳͨ˾ҪƵ
ԣ٤۾渱˧һҪҪҪ졣


3168 ƽǵı
Ļɳ˷ϯԻɳΪģԲɳ֮ơ
ͻȻֵɳɳڵǣĪ
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ڣ˾ɹ˫ĿⱩţ߶£ĶҶϷϢͼӦͻƵһϸڡ
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Ƕĸ߲ԡ
һֱΪ޷ͻƳɾλΪֹڵ۷塣
Ҳǵ油֮ɳٵ
ڣʹȻɾλϢ̫ˡ
Ҫģ鲻Ǹأ
Ƕɳԣȫһ
ĻƽǾǣ֪ڼܲܳɾλأ
ϾĴ˾ɹʧ˺üΣųɾ͵λġ
ңܶ˶Ŀµʹ˵ķʡ
Ҫǣ˶֪ʹɾλǸأǿأ
أɳǣûôƣֱӵķʽǵ뷨
ӵʱ䣬ƽǽ˳ϵڣͨͨϵ˻ƽ𹬵Ĵǰϵ̬
һӵʱ䲻ƽھųɾŵڣѾ۽˻ƽǰ
»ƽǰĹ㳡㹻󣬴ʱҲɲ¡
˷۽Ļƽǵľ񣬹Ķ飬Ѿų˻ƽǹ㳡ŵ˻ƽ˷Ľֵڡ
ƽ𹬽ĽֵʱѹѹĹȺ
ǴӸ߿пȥξΪ׳ۡ
һĻȫͻƵҶ棬ûпǣҶȴȻ֣ڵԸڵԸһɲȴʼıǡ
̶һӵԸȻȹȥһӵԸҪࡣ
΢΢ţҶȻȻ
ʵҶҲû뵽˰ֻǰƽڵľ񣬵ȴڹ¡
ֱӸƽǵľļ˾һӡΪʹ˳ֵԵʣȲͻƵ컯ɾλԵʡ
УҶʹ͵λɱİθߡ
˵ֻҪͻ컯ôҶͻΪڽɳĴڡ
ڴ˾ɹ
Ϊļ˾ѹûкʹ߱ȵλʸ
˰Ҳûϵֻ˷뼤֮£һ仰ѣȻܹصĺ
ȫע۲ҶʩչطĴ˾ɹѹûע⵽һС
ƽڣɳ裬ط֮£κ˵ߣ޷͸ǰһ׵ķΧ
ǣȴûһ˻ң˶ĹޱȵţɳʹҶ
ҶҲûϵǣƽ˵ľӳ£ּ߹ԵĿɳܣɱɱı
ҶԺƿط򣬵ڵļӳ£طѾǵҶƵķΧ
ȵĲڼ
ΧĿɳѾʼʧء
ַ֮Ϯ£ƽʮ˽һͿʼϢĸɿݣȻ࣬±˻Į
ڻƽ⣬ڿɳϮγɵĻĮشڷɿڼš
Ҷ취ܵĿƣ֧£ɳɻᶨϮЩ»ɻĮ
Σһʱ
һʱ֮ҶƺشͷÿʱѾ䵽ƽǷԲǧ֮ڵĿɳ򣬺Ȼɢ
ؼΪ֮һ壬ֻлƽϿգһ㲢ŨĿɳϢ
ͻȻ䣬۾ڻƽϿյĿɳϢٴ麣һӿڡ
һ˿Цݣθ˰У컯ϢɢɲǣؼԪһ㣬ڡ


3169 ּ
ƽϿգͻȻճֵɳȣ϶ǵޱۻϢôʱ۽ƽǰ𾪡
ǵ·ΪһۻϢ£ƽڵУȴʱ죬ء
ȻؼǿĴڡ

ɳȳɾλˡ
ͨڵ뷨ЩΪгɵǵĽڣʱȴޱȵ𾪣Ҳޱȵľϲ
ɳȵΪȻͻƵ컯̤컯С
ʱɢۻϢԴ֮תĵһ컯Ϣ
ˣڳµ컯ˡ
ЩΪﵽ۷岻֪ĽڣͻȻͱüĪ
ڡϣˡ
еһʹŻеڶȻǸࡣ
һ˲䣬ƽڵӵĿȣӵϡ
ڲŷɵУϢڼȣ˾ɹʧ飬üȸӣһ˿п
ʧþȫҲûдҶͻƵĹУٶߡ
ΨһȷǣҶȻɢΪϢֻ컯ڣǣҶֻɲϢȴɹһԤС
޷սʤҶ档
ȫ߶񵶣Ҳ޷սʤҶ档
ɹпģȴҶ澹Ȼô̵ʱڣŬ˼궼û顣
ʵꡭ
ͻȻ䣬ɹֱͦļԹһ㣬һֻԼܹõ̾Ϣ
һУˡ
ҶʹȻΪʹȻɹĴзȨ
ԺͲɹһ˵ģóʹҶˡ
ϢУɹѾĵߣò
ֻǣȴȫɹԤķչ
ԼĪʱ֮ؼһɳϢȵڣؼԪҲʹʧ
컯תͻȻࡣ
һԼ񹬣ȵͻȻþϲ
ĳɣ
ڵȻѾĳת컯
ûԹҲǼܵģ۷ͻƵ컯ܹ֮ת컯ѾǾˣֻһǰɡ
ʣµģˮĥˡ
һ꣬ʮ꣬ܽڵȫת컯Ϊﵽ컯˳ڡ
ڵ컯ȻתĳɣٿԽʡĿ๦
ֻҪңܳȹ̾磬ﵽ컯˳ڡ
Ȼףһ˭Եʡ
ͻʱʹҶչʾط֮񣬽ؼطԴչʾһЩɾ͡
УȻ߶䣬ոɵԴظԺ
Ӵѹʱɢ˷ڻƽܱߵĽڣ׷ڵأ޷ֱӡ
ȣյʹ֮ȻͻƵ컯ɾλպ󣬵ΰػȡ
Ļƽǽɽм
ƽǽڵɽУȴƽɽʹҶķ£ȻͶ̬֮л
ٹڣȰлʹ˵֮պȱؽʹΪʹ˷ּ򣬼ȳķ򣡡
ǴͥڵЧˡ
ȵĲθߣҶطȻףͻƣʵνɳûжϵȫʹҶĹ͡
ңףʹҶĹᶥ£ΪͻƵ컯˾պΪҪͻƵ컯񽫾벻ʹҶĹᶥ
ԣȲŻ˱̬
ոͻƵǵģǻƽܱ߾۽ȾӢڣȴǱȸȼˡ
ɾλʹͶˣЧˣأøϽϣ
˲Ϣ䣬ɽһĺƽ
ٹڡʹ˷ּ򣬼ҵȳķ򣡡

äӵЧˣһǹһ
ڣ˰Ф𾪣ȻСǵĿʹҶ棬ͲûйҶˡ
ҲͻƵ컯
˾ɹȴޱȵ𾪣þޱȡ
ƣ
̶СĹҶ澹ȻѾӪˣ
˷ŵΣ˾ɹȻʶʹҶڵĴƣȻܵ
ѾǷֳһȨͿԵġ
µýʲô㲢ƽҶʹ
˾ɹ˼µʱҶĳЦͻЦУҶ𣬳ڻƽϿա
ʱ˿̣ҶһɫĹ⻪˿ģǱȻҪϢȴеǲֱӡ
׷ϵ̬Ҷ档
ȣϣĹԣŻ˱ļӳ֡ڿҵѡǶԵģȷʵҳϵػߡ
ԣӦûøĽ
˵䣬Ҷͻطɳһɫֶȡ
һСֻɫȵڣһƷֺȴһɫĹȦסȡ
ɫĹȦĪ˸ţУöء
һһģӳȵ˰Ф󡢻һΪĽڿȥоȴùޱȡ
оɫȦڵƺǲͬһһ
ȴĸӦȵϢ仯
ɫȦڣȸոͣ͵컯Ϣٴμٵ
ֹĸоһ˵ܡ
ͬһĻĴ˾ɹ컯Ϣһֱ֮ǰɰǧٶȿʼȣޱȣ


3170 ƽʥ
ʱ֮һֱԾɳȵϢȶ
סĻɫȦһɢ
˵ĿУ˵ĸӦУɫȦɢɲǣɳƺ»ع飬վͬһƬ¡
ɳѾ޴ľϲΡ
컯˾ڣ
еѾת컯Ϊ磬Ȼȶ컯˾ڡ
ԭҲҪꡣ
ڣȴֻʱ
ȻȺⲻ˼ı仯ʹ֮֡
ԭΪʹҶͻƣʹҶѾ񣬶ʱ˿̣ʹҶ棬͸ûʲôˡ
ҵΪȻȹ̣лʹ˳ȫǰһ仰ȶԼܱߵȽ˵ġ
Ȼ󲿷ֽڣ޷仰ģһС֣ȴ֣
񼣡
ǰһУǳ֮Ϊ񼣣ҲΪ
һ䣬ȶҶ˵ġ
ʱ˿̣Ҷôȫ֮£ȻףٴαģѾûжˣҪģʵʵж
ڵĻУ˻ƽڵڣ΢΢ǰ㣬̺Ҷࡣ
˾ɹһ޷ݵ֮ɫҶ档
ͨءط֮Դ֮ͻƵ컯ˡ
ҪΪȹ컯ڣһˮĥҪĵʱ;Ϊ˵Ĵ˾ɹ
ط˿ƺԸͻƵ컯ʮ꣬ŽΪȹ̵컯ڡ
ڣҶİ£ȽʱʮɵĿ๦
д˾ɹβ𾪣
ǵ߸˴˾ɹ֪
һֶΡ
ɹɳ񣬶ûֶΡ
ҶȴС
Ҷζʲôɹ
Ŀһ񼣵ɳ˾˰ФʱȴǿʹҶ棬ٿΪȻرȣȫСǡ
Ҳ밡
ǳ룡
һ֮󣬻˰ФԼͬǰͨҶǰÿһͷͿȥ
ҵҲͻƣʹ˳ȫ˰Фͬʱͷ
Ҷʾʲô˰Фͬʱʹ컯ҵȽʦʹʹ˷ּ򣬾ҵȳķ򡣡
Ҷᣬ˰ФѾıʾǵĳ⣬ʮʮҶЧˡ
˵꣬ͷأĵȴʹҶľϡ
˾ɹסˣǰ̬ķչȫϣ̬ȫһƿصķǰ
ĿǰʣλλȫͶҶ棬˾жȨ
ܵģ˾ɹֹһС
ѹ벻ֹķ
κһֹܵΨһĺû˰Фƴ
۷޷ҵͻ֮·ʹ࣬˾ɹ̫ˡ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷ̾Ϣ
λǱȫǣпܣǳͻƵ컯׳
ǣͻƣЩܵЩԸȻĸɾˡ
ҪǵͻƵĻҪʱջԸҶ˵
Ҷһ˾ɹͷ͵ؿһ£ʱʶ˲
һͻƵĻ˰ФǼˡ
˫ּԳһŴСһԸȻ˫ָ߸߷𣬵Ҷ棬ʹ˳ȫ
Ż˰ФԵ˫еԸҶ΢΢ҡҡͷǵףǷ֮ͻƣľ޴ǵԸԶԶ
˰ФһˣͬʱȻ
ԶԶ
ҲȻˡ
Ϊ˰ͻƣʹ˵ĵ˶Ը
æϥأЩһԸʹģ²
ǵˣЩԸǻӦɡͻƣҪԸ۰ɡҶ˵
Ҷʵû˵ٻϣȷʵĵ˴Ը
ǧεԸĵˡ
ҶɳջԸȫȥһǰĻۡ
֮ľ޴ҪԭҶʩչʱ䷨֮ʱ컯ת
ͻƵ컯ĵԸǺ١
˰ʱóԸֻҶʩչͻƵ컯ʮ˰ˡ
ľ޴ҶԸΪģʩչʱ䷨ʱͻƵ컯˳ڡ
ҪȻҶĿǰ޷ʱ䷨򱣳ļлܳʱġ
ȻҶôҲĿġ
Щ£ҪҪס
ȻҶĻû˰Фϸ˾޴ʧ֮ɫ
Ҫȣ
ȱԸ
ȱԸ
ʹԸ⣬ȱԸ
޴ʧУ˰ФĬһͬʱתͷ˴˾ɹ
ʵӵкԸ۵ĺԸڴ˾ɹ
·Ϭһ˰ФһۣͬʱǰŴ˾ɹ˾ƽʥϽʹԱʹ׳
һ˾ɹ͵س鴤һ£ʱ˿̣ѾҶĿˡ
ҶЦ⸡֮ʣƽʥĿġ
ҶոͻƵɳǰ˾ƽʥϽʹԱʹ׳


3171 Ĵʥ
Ϊһܹͷڽ̣ԭĴС
ֻ˭Ҳû뵽ɳΪ˸õĿµĹΪɱû컯񽫾ǿ߶˹С
ǣпɲǹ
г˹֮⣬һҪĴСʥﴫС
Ĵʥ
һʥ˾ɹе񵶡
ޱȣ˵ǵɳȡɳ֮ȡɳ֮Ӣɳ֮ɷһɳе͵̵ɱ֮
նɱ˶ˣͻ񵶡
񵶣ɳսãնɱ컯ش컯մȾЩǿϢȵͽӳ£Ƿ
鱦ʤ鱦
˾ɹǿ컯ǶԿ컯ı¡
ڶʥԻ
˵ɳ߶˶ʱ֮ˮޱȣǳִ˶һʩܹƾɵصˮԴһ
ǿŴɳɳдһһޣȱˮȱɳϣ̵ʱڣΪɳɳߵ
ϧ˱սУˡ
û˴˱֮ɳھµ޲ˮԴսݽߣֱҶ֡
ʥǻƽʥˡ
ʵƵʥҲС
ƽʥɳʵķеɳ񣬽ϵӳµԸ
֮ڽʹԸԸˣԳһ硣
ҪԣԶ
ڴ˾ɹС
ļʥǻɳˡ
ɳصһʥˣҶʹ˽Ҳࡣ
˵ɳԳһ磬ԳϵɳԻ
˵ɳľ֡
Ǵ˾ɹҲֻĳЩض£ɳ򣬶޷ջɳ
ʱ˿̣˰ФԵĻƽʥĵʥԸĻƽʥ
ƽʥһֱڴ˾ɹС
˰Фͬʱ˾ɹƽʥʹҶ棬ʱ˾ɹɫޱȵѿ
ⲻ
Ҫڱƹˣ
˰Ф˼ᶨ飬˾ɹǳҾܾôֻҪҶһ񣬿һڧٲˡ
ڴ֮ǰֳ񵶵ɹǲ»˰Ф˱ƹġ
ͻƵ컯Ҳνġ
ɹе컯񽫻𣬸˵컯ˡ
ڣҶȴɹޱȵļɵ
ɹûһ˿һնɱҶİա
ʮǰͿҶ棬ӵĸĪˡ
£ɹƾ񵶺طǵƹ֮£ӳ졣
ģɹеġ
ǣһͻ᳹׷Ǳ
ٹҫɳǴ˾ɹΪ֮ܶ˴뱲ӵҵ
һ£˴뱲ӣҵҲҵˡ
ԣ˾ɹǾԲԸ⿴ѵġ
һʱ䣬˾ɹ˳˼˵˽սС
ѡЭӲܣ
˾ɹһԲ˰Фˣٴ
Ҷһֹ񣬾û˰Ф󰲷ĵȴŴ˾ɹľ
˰ФķӣҶ⡣
崫йϵ뵱ɳйϵ
ڲĽǶλߵ𾴺ͷӡ
˰Ф˵ע£ã˾ɹ̾һ
ʹ׳֮£ܵ飬ʹҪԸֻҪһĿϷ޶
˾ɹԸҶãǻƽʥҪС
ڴ˾ɹԣѾһ޴òˡ
Ҫ֪ڴǰǻ˰Фȵһ÷ԸҲһٵζѡ
ڴ˾ɹҶȴҡҡͷͻһ֣ÿʺ͹ͬԸͬ
һᶥʱԸΪ̣ͻ߻ᵱˣͻƵĿܡ
ߣ⵽ɣˣ򶪵Ҷ˵
һ˰Фɫ䡣
һԸ˵ͻߵİΣȻΣʹ⻹˵á
ȣʱļС
˵ģպһûʹҶɲС
˾ΪʹΣΪٹⲻϣ뽻ƽʥɣȴͷ
˾ΪʹΣΪٹⲻϣ뽻ƽʥɣ˰Фͬ
˾ɹʱͲ˿ɫ
û뵽òˣҶ涼ͬ⡣
ʲô⵽Σŵġ
ҶҲԣֻЦʵĿŴ˾ɹ
ʲôɴҶ泶죬ʩ߶ԣѹΣ
ּ·ɣҶһѪǶˡ
ҶЦݣ˾ɹ飬ˡ
죬ǱӲˡ
ԭΪֻһСòֻǳҶʹ÷һȨѡ
ȴû뵽һߵȨԽԽ˵ڣȻ˲òõĳ̶ȡ
ҶʹҪҽƽʥҲԣҪ㲹µĴйͻȻ䣬˾ɹ괫Ҷ
Ǵ˾ɹ֮£ʼҶ潲ˡ
˵ʵɹɲǣҶҲЩ⡣
˾ɹı֣ҶԤҪĶࡣ
ȨռߣΪ˱еȨ棬ЭϧѪƴ
˾ɹȴһˡ
תһ룬ҶͻȻˡ
˾ɹִô꣬Ҫ˵ûһ˽Ҳܡ
ȴǴ˽
˽ռࡣ
˾ɹɳΪϵģʮǰڶԴҶðʹ̬ϣͿԿ˾ɹһֱΪġ
һ˲䣬ҶͻȻģԼǲǱȴ˾ɹ̫ˣ
˾ҲĴйԣҪʩչΪҪﵽ컯⣬Ҫͨеط
⼸طдУ˾Ҫã¾͵ʦ֮ˡգҶʵʵ˵ûкƴ˾ɹ

Ĭ˼Ϣ˾ɹֵôϷ㷽ϣƺʩչʱΰϷİʱΪ컯۷壡
˾ɹ
û⡣ҶûʲôǣֱӴӦˡ
Ϣ˾ɹƺû뵽Ҷ澹ȻӦʹ졣
ҶʩչʱΰʱƺҲ⡣
ҶӦòں
ϣϷľǶԵġ
̾һһֻͨɫƣֻаƴСĽ𲧣ʹӴ˾ɹڸ֣


3172 
ŻƽʥҶô˾ɹط£Ҷڣ˰ФҲǳһ˻
˻˰Фȴѧһ˰벽վҶ̬࣬ʮȷ
˾۰Ͱ͵ĿҶ棬ͼײ
ȻҶ֣ͻƵǰľ硣
Ҷ浹ǲմ˾ɹطһӵʱ䣬Žƽʥ塣
ʥ֮󲢲ǳ׵ӵУͨ鱦һΪˣǻʹȨ
볹ӵôҶ͵ӵгԽɳʵ⻹ġ
ĿǰԣɳѾ䣬ҶʹȨ͹ˡ
ɲǣҶڵĻƽʥʹһصϵ
ɲǣһȽɫĴţƿҶǰȻʡ
ͬһɲǣҶ溮ëֱ컯ǿ߶еѹ
ܵģҶӦɲǣҶͻȻ䷢֣ǰ컯Ϣƺ
ҶſƿȻƽʥڵĴ֮Դţһ߸ߵɳ񣬶컯Ϣɢġ
׼ȷ˵ɳͷɢġ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶԭͷӦȡɳзŵǿֲϢѹơ
ҲɳȻ䣬ҪȻͷҲĪѹһ컯»Դ޷ж
ҶԴͷͬһ㣬˿ʱͲӰ죬Ŀתܱߡ
ȥɲǣʱ͵һ
Ǵһ
ɺԸ۶ɵĺˮɳ񣬾ʹġ
Ը΢΢΢Ľ⡣
˵ʵҶ֮ǰΪʹпߵԭҲǼģͷԸʱ԰μơ
ǰԸۼһҲһСˡ
񣬾Ȼһʮ׵ĺ
̼Ըµڼưɣ
ֲôǰ˾ɹǰݳޣֱúԸˣЧǳ΢
Ҷұ֤Ҫκһλ񽫻ǰԸ»ᷢġ
֪̻˺Ը˵ǻ컯µ涼Գ֡
̫ˣ
Ȼܹ֮۵˺Ըһɳ֮ѣɳ䴿⣬ϡ
ҲΪʲôҪսҪԭ
ߣЩֻȻռ˺Ըȴûжĵ;
˾ɹһˣ˷ѣҲ˷Ѳ˶١
ҶģԺҲݳһˡ
Ը̫ˡ
Ȼ˵Ҷĳ֣컯ԽԽ£Ըһġ
ֵ˵˵ĺôˡ
ۺϳνȱء
֮ͻƵ컯ˣҪԸͻʱΪߵʦᶥ򣬻ٶԸҲûá
˵Ը͹ᶥͻƷı׶˶ˡ
أͻ֮컯ˣԴԸģҪԶԶСڴԸͻ֮컯ˡ
ֻͻƵĻͱʦųᶥ
Ҷԣ⡣
׼ɣ
ҶĻû˰Фϲ
û뵽Ȼôܹʹ˵İͻƵ컯ˡ
Ҷ֮ǰȹᶥǰһ̣û˰Фʦ´Ҷ濪ʼᶥ
һιᶥ֮ǰҶȴĿ⿴˴˾ɹ
˾Ĺᶥͻƣ仯쳣»쳣עҶɳܱƻĴ󣬴˾ɷһҶ˵
˾ɹһ£͵ͷϷ߶ɳӦһֻǡ
ֻʲô
ֻǴ߶ɳҪĴԸ
תۼ䣬λ˾ɹҶԸ
ȻҶ˾ɹִƻƽʥô꣬ԸԲ٣ܴﵽմļˡ
˵Ǵ߶ɳ򣬾߶񵶶ԵУҲǴ´á
ʱҶҪԸֻһ̽ˡ
˾ɹѾƽʥҶƹܣôҶ֮̽Σ
һ֣ԼһͰСԸԼʮԸʹҶӿ˴˾ɹ
˾ãܿڡ
˵˵˾ɹЦޱߵĻɳڶ˲Ϣסƽ𹬡
ƽʥ֮һҲˡ
ԭȻҶСţȴǲõˡ
Ըⶫȷʵ󣬵ĵ;Ҳޣӵһ֮󣬷û̫ˡ
ɳĵļʥ
ǾڶԣǴ˾ɹҲûɳ򣬶ͨһɳܡ
ֻǣɳ죬ҶҲΪ⶯
ɳڣһϵط򣬶õ˼ǿԳһ磬Գء
طȴڴ˾ɹĿºӰĽ롣
һ㣬ҶҲ
Ϊ졣
ҶȻȵÿˣһҪúоһĻɳ˵ջ
ϸɳҲһˡ
컯Ϊնɱ컯Ӳ컯ͣ˭ͣ


3173 ǳõŵ
ɳ֮ǰ뻢һ֮ǰҶͿǹ顣
룬ôӦô
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Ǵİһѣãֻƿأչ
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Ҷ֣ǴչδΣֿϣ˵ľ
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һĵ̣ҶҪһе컯ǾԲܵ顣
һŴﵽһ̶ȵʱڲһϵһ
ʵνΡ
ҶӰ밢Ԫ˵УȻ֣ű𣬳ⲿԭ⣬ڲҲŸȱΣ
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ʦ½ΪӦǳȻġ
ʵϣʦ½ǳȻģţȴûа취Ȼ⡣
ҲǳֿǣҶǱƹһӴ˾ɹжȡĴȨѳҪĻƽʥ
Ҷû뵽ǣ˾ɹתҲǾ˵ģƺҶ浱ʹҶ׳
һĹҶ涼ʩչ컯Ŀ
֮󣬻˰ФλɳΪȫͻƵ컯
ͬʱҶʱռͨԪ鰢ãʱΰʱؾΪû˰Ф󡢴˾ɹÿ
֮ǰһ㣬Ҷֱͨʱ䷨֮ıʱ򣬶ҶĴҲ˷ʱ䡣
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˵ʵҶҪ޷յĶʱռ䣬ҶΪµôﵽ컯ǵǸ磬ܷĶá
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˾ɹΪ׵λɳ⣬Ҷ潫ԼĿͽ£Ҳ˽ȥ
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Ļ۴ﵽһĳ̶ȣܹͻơ
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ֻҪΪﵽ۷壬ĻΣҶʩչ֮£һԸֱͻƵ컯
ֱֱֱӡ
ȻȱͶԸҶĿǰ״ԣЩѹʲô
ΪҶǰĹ㣬ЩʱռҪǵеһִﵽͻƵ컯ĳ̶ȣҪĻۡ
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ǣʩչ֮£ųĿ޼˾̣ܹΪ컯ˡ
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ҶУȴǶس֮У˲Ϣ䵽֮ϡ
Сı塣
ҶĿǰҪ⣬ȴС⡣


3174 ʶ̧
ʵСĿǰΪ͡
Ҷ֤ͻƵ컯˾ںҶ뷨СҲ֤
Ͼ֤ͻ֮սǳˣȫͨʽͻܱ֮ȵġ
ûãҶ淢֣֤ĺѵġ
ĳ̶ֳϽҶ֤ȡһɾġ
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ʦηɰһҪĻԵͻơ
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ͬģС͸ˡ
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˼ΣСҪ֤δ֮ҶɴڵطСͻƵ컯
ͻ֮С֮⣬ΪҶ湲ԭҶطľϵطӰ죬ǿԼӳֵСϵġ
СҪԶԶǿͬΪ컯
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ңҶ濴ʮ˸÷Ԫ룬Сʱ͸浽ڣǿΣСΪͻƵ컯֮Ѿȫ衣
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ǵģ״ˣ
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ľ̺ľϵϢΪʺСҶ͸ССҲΪǿСʵ
ֻû뵽ôˣСûκνչ
ûκνչĸԭ򣬾ľڵ飬ΪϢԭ򣬼Ѹ㶨
Ϣ飬뱾ںΪһ壬ӵѡ
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ䵽ħ̫еʱˡ
ħ̫½һʱԪϧһд۵
ǣĿ๦Ҳһֶѡ
Ʋֻͨ͸ԪʮԪ챦
ԣʱħ̫ҪʮλһŰԪ챦飬ܷӳһְԪܡ
ħ̫Ŀ๦ɼ鱦ľǿǿ
ҲΪԭҶ֪ҪǿľӿԼССԹͨ˵ķʽշľӡ
Ͼľӵ壬һǿľϵСҲǴľϵ飬˫ǳĺʡ
Ҷû뵽ΪֹȻû˿չ
ҶϴľڵһƺϹħ洵Ӱ켫ǸԻϢЩƫִĹͨЧԪ鰢˵
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Ҷȥϼ๦ǿǾԲܣҶûʱ䣬Ҳû顣
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ľڣһмӰ٣Ҷɫһ䡣
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ӦҶģһмԴ
ʶ̧٣
Ҷץľӣ˲Ϣʧ


3175 
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רҵ飬Ҫרҵ
ϣҶȻԣһﻹУ漰ĵرԽԽϡҶϵ裬Ͳˡ
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컯
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һĻһֱڹ۲ľӣͻȻ;ҵĲһαֳ˾޴Ŀ־壡


3176 꾫
飬Ҷ潻ɡ
Сµ鱦ǰСҲ޷ܵɽ컯Ҷһ߲ϵĵǿͻƵ컯һ߿ʼרĽǰΣ
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ҪģǴǰսʧȱʧ
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͸ֲ̫ˡ
ҶսУĳϲֵŮӣ»뷽跨УȻȻҲʧȥ裬ڱ¶ܡ
ңֻҪھӪģܵĻᣬ̫ˡ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ;Ժ򺣾սڼ䣬һҪһκˣھнκһ򺣾Ա£ҾҪѲ죬ǿ͡
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ԣͿȴǺٺٵЦ


3177 Իս
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Ǽɷ棬˾ͽٷ棬ûиɳ˾Իʲô
Ҫ
ںɳǸɳ˾֣ոγûõɳĮʩչɳͨ˾ͽٻµĹǴ
ۣǧ˾ɳǱʮ˾ͽɳͶʿնࡣ
նɱ˾ͽµıࡣ
һսʱ˾ͽˡ
ɱɳʱеսûһôࡣ
һΣ˾ͽʶɳĿֲ
Ҳʶ֮ǰļ˾ǣΪʲôҪƻ
ǣٶȣҪƻ
Ҫ´ɳĮǿɲһһϦ֮
ƻһһϦ֮
˾ͽٷӦɳսȻɡ
ʱһܲɳܱߣкɳƽʥ֮ĸߴǧϵɳĮشͻȻͳ˺ب˾ͽٴǰա
ҪɳĮƵĺɳǣٴսɳĮش˾ͽһնûС
ɳֻˡ
ҪǿдȥȫûĿܡ
ԣо̽޹֮µĴԪ˧˾ͽ٣ֱ붯һ
컯񽫣


3178 ٤
ǳãԨǱߵ˾ͽ٣ڳǱߵ컯񽫣ҲӦ׼жˣ
ɳڣһʱõϢļ٤һ˷ܣĦȭƣһҪһģ
Ӽȿ˸˧죬ѯ֮⡣
˧æǰʹˣӣȻ׼һʱ֮սӾͿԿΣʱͿɱƽʥǡ
Ǹɹڣҷ컯ܹڸ߶սѹԷĻ֮ڣҾܹƻƽʥǡ
ɵͷ֮࣬٤ȴҡͷƽʥǣʵ⣬ؼģǸɹϣԼǵĶ֡
˵䣬٤һָͷȣɹɹڸ߶սϣ޷γѹ̶Ӱ쵽ս
ԣǾԲܸżԨǱߵ컯񽫵ս
ԣӼüͷ壬ǣսǿ컯ˣɹնɱˡ
ǱΪ׵컯ľҲƵ컯񽫣ʵҲǿ
֮£Ϊԭս滹Ҫ˵ġ
˶ɹնɱˣľնɱɹĻʣ̫Сˡ
ʵʱ䣬һֱоһ⡣֮ǰɹսУɹƾУռϷ硣
ΪʲôڻɳйһۣͻȻͱɹһնɱأ٤ص
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ǵѾȷ֮ǰͶǵĹţӦթ
ǰģǸɳйڣ󷨻ãɹ׼֮£˱ն
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Ϊľķ̫ˣȨľ٤˵
һΣӼɵ˵ͷ٤ĶԣĿǰľǣסɹնɱɹĿԣС
ԣ٤ЦӼɵļЦɵܣɵøҶѧŵıԣպпһ֮ѧıԿɲɡ
æЦ٤ˬ⣬ż˵
û컯նɱɹĿСôǴչֵʱˡ
ͬʱ¶֮ɫ
Ϣڲնɱɹɹ֮⣬һΣפڼԨǱߵ컯񽫣׼ʱͬʱ֣ȡնɱɹ٤˵
һӼɵɫһ䣬ɵ˾ͽǱߵλ컯⡭
»նɱɹĿܣ
һΣҡͷȴǸ˧졣
ӣԲ󡣡˵
ô˵
֮ǰһ£зĿԼ󣬵ǰɹĽУΪɳ廷ĸı䣬ɹ˻ɳ
񣬸µ鱨ںɳܱ߰ǿɳƽʥм䣬ݻ˺֮Ū˴ƬƬɳĮش
ЩɳĮشֻһãļ˾սʿӳͨܡ
ͬʱɹ˳ʩչɳ
Ȼлɳļӳ֣ɹӦҲ޷սʤľΪ׵컯񽫡
лɳڣɹӳĿȴǼ󡣡
٤ЦŹû
ǰ㣬٤һȻҪģɹ֮ʣ׼ʱǻȸ֮£նɱɹ
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˴Ĵָıԣ󣬼ɿһɽ߽ʣ컯ͣЩǣıǺãֲ㣡
׼
Цţ٤ĳһѶûϢһ׹ⶸƿն׹ոֳɲǣһԵɽ컯;æǰ
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׹ֳӰĻ˻֣٤ȴӭʦ֣ӭӭ
ɵܣλʦаĵ֮һʦ֣һΣʦҵնɱɹ
٤ֳ꣬Цʦˡ
ͬΪɽаĵӣǰ٤żӵģϾҲˡ
ȻǲЦ֣ɨһȦĳŵͺá
ʦַģ³ֻ֮ж࣬û٣
ԣŵ˵ͷ
ѷһ컯񽫣аĵӣʵֻ֮ǰһߣɻǷǳЦġ
ɻЩģСһεıԣȷʵ˫Ѿ׼˼٤ӣ̲ϣǲһ򣬾һ
ֱӳ컯񽫣¶ɹ־ڱصáնɱɹôǶɳ÷ǳ˵
ĺôᱻ御߰
˵ĺôʱλ컯񽫣ͬʱĿȻӵĶ
ɵĵģȴü٤ٴλĵЦɵܣֿпǡ
ѾˣͶǵɳ˾͸¶컯񽫵鱨ʱɹӦѾյˣ׼ˡ
һ㣬ż٤˴Ĵָţ
٤üëһЦ˵ŲֵһᣬüĿĵ⣬ȴôҲ޷ڸǡ


3179 ֮ս
ɳǧ⣬һʿۣȶķʸΣɳǵķ
˾ͽٵ˧Уͷβļסģҽۣм䣬ȴǸߴʮұۡ
Ŀһ˾ͽٳıߴʮңѾ㳲ˣһٹºɳ֮ơ
ۼٷУ۾ӵ˷ȴи̹˸ͣϢأ·ضڻЩһ
е컯ˣûκԼϢ˼
۾һɳĮϿգ۾ʱͱ˴ĿĹ⻪
еۣڣȫٶ˼¡
ԨԪ˧˾ͽ٣ҲͿսҪͨʱΪĴƬɳ
Ȼľ˴ƬɳȻõļ¡
۾󼲷ɵɳмʱͬǺһɳĮ˲Ϣ䣬ƽضؼûһƬ
ɳ𣬽ŷƣһ֮ϣ۵ķ˲˴ĿĹ⻪
ЩۻãۣⲨͻϮ֮£ȴ᧿Σҵ˸
شһΪɳ籩ĴΧϵ˾µļ˾ʩչ
ɳĮʩչʱͻᱶȱǵһʩչͬһ󾳽ڶҪܵѹơ
ǡϴĮȻɳ֣ϴ߶֮£Խһ󾳽ɱС
ʱ˿̣˴ΧĿɳ籩ȻŴļ˾ʩչҿܣӦ컯֡
ͻϮ֮£еԪ˧˾ͽȴһҲţֻǴһȫ
ͬʱһߣīɫɫֹ⻪˲Ϣн׳һɫĴ
ɫĴشطϢ֡
ɫĴֻһ֣ؼĻƾΪ֮һ塣
˲ܺĿɳ籩رסˡ
λ컯ˣɫ֡
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һغϽ棬ռ֡
һ˾µϢشӻɳ֮ϢУŻ̻纣ԸϢиոԳεİ컯¶֮ɫ
ԸϢҲֻ컯ڽ˷Ըˡ
ͬʱ컯ǣ׷Ȼ
һ˵컯Ըʱ򣬴ĶɱС
һ˸ɫ󰵻Ƶɳ̣شɳĮг𣬺ݺݵĴеɫ
̵ɫϵ˲䣬һ˸ɳ̣Ȼ˽ɫ
Ըӳµı仯
Ҳͬһɲǣʮ컯ϢɳĮ·͹ԣ˲Ϣȫ
ǰȻ߶Ŀɳ籩ʮλѾͻƵ컯ȫתΪ컯ļ˾ӳ£ⳡɳ籩ʮٱļǿ
Ȼǵûȫת컯ⲢǷӳ컯
ǵļӳ£ɳ籩ʱͳ˿ɳһĴڡ
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Уλ컯ͬʱȫӳ֮£ɫٴι⻪š
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͵ĴУһ˸ɳɫ˲Ϣ͹һ˸͹
һ㡣
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Уİ컯һ
ɳȵɫȴǶһ䡣
ٹ⣬Զҫǣ
ţһ˸ɳ̣ؾ۾ΪһΪʮɫɳ̡
ȵ߳ʮɫɳϵĽٴαǣʮɫǹһɫ
飡
ʮɫǹɫϣײһĺ
ɫʮɫǹŵµɲǣǽµһȻɢ
еİλ컯ˣɫͬʱһ䣬ڽѪ
ѹƵĿɳϯ֮ٴڼǰۡ
ʮɫǹȴͬɳеһֱ۾еʮۡ
ͻأģڣеս컯˾ĺһϣؿѹһʯһ
һֻīɫ̹Ĵִѹ£ֻһ󣬾ͽȴ߶ʮɳ̣Уֱһ󱬣ķŵϢסȣɱ֮⡣
ͬʱոϯĿɳ౻һͬʱѹ¡
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޷һ֮
컯񽫣
ʱ˿̣Ȼף컯񽫳ˡ
ͨ컯񽫣϶ǿ컯񽫣ֱӳˣҪһնɱȡ
ͬʱزԶļ˫۾ͽս˼ǧļ٤
µսü٤üͷľѾˣɹأ
Ҳһɲǣһɫĵ⣬۾ǰԿƥ̬۾ڡ
ͬʱһĻļ٤ҲɹϺ꣬ȻҪûһ˾ͽٵĴݣ
ʦ֣ǲҪų֣ȴʱ


3180 
񵶵Ľɫ⣬ͷ·һһɳĮϿգסʮɵľ
δʮ۰˧ڣ˲ظĿ֨
֮ʱЩ۾ͻȫ顣
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ܿһĻڵľ٣һɪɪ־쳣
ս޷һ¡
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ܵĻŽ쳣ΪԪ˧˾ͽ٣ıͦɽһҲģƺ񵶵ĵ⣬Ǽٵһ
һɫСɡͻأĳУȻ˲Ϣſתӭ񵶡
һīɫĹ⻪·һ㣬һ֣˸ոճֵɹĺҪ
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ſɫСɡϣʮɡ͹ֳ侫µĻľĻƣʱСɡſÿһɡǣɢط֮
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ľɫСɡת£һɫӭ񵶣һ׳ɡƽƽɳס񵶣۵еĴ־ޱȵĵ⣬˲ʧ
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ǧ֮⣬ǰõⷨңңۿһսļ٤ͻȻ̾
˾ͽ٣ҲñԣԤϵԻٳɾɳ֮սԣ֪ɹһ֣ԲžĲսԡ
µʮΪնҪնɱɹ󵨣
⵨ԣȷʵԶǳܼӼɵͷ
컯񽫣ȫˣ֮ɳ֮Уľһ컯񽫣ӦÿѹƲսʤɹǣҪ²նɱɹеѶȡ˵
ԣһսĹؼɳһ컯֮䡣
ֻҪ컯׵Ļɱȣôɹ
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Ӧûк֣Ȼĵ̣пܵģѪĻɳ򡣡
ʦ֣ǽǰ׼ɣһľܣŻնɱɹǱ񵶣һҪõ֡٤Ը
УûκλӦֻһ٤ܸӦ׹һš
ɳĮϿգɹս컯ľ飬ཫĿ⿴ȴսһλ컯
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һʥҲС
ңľ鿴еʥɹе񵶣Զˣȵ϶ȣҲܲ
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ڣ͵նɱȣǺһΧɱɹ
һδܹʮ컯ˣڽĸ֣ȻѸٲ´󣬶žɹӳκοܡ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣ컯սҪغһսʤ
Ȼ컯ľ鼫컯ʵս֮ʣǿҪɱɳȵһۡ
һƳȥľͻȻһֱˮͷĸоѪҺһɲǾǱסһ޷
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޴ѹ֮£ŭһʮɳ̶ػ۳һɫǹȵһڼźԸѪ
ȵƴһټϺԸӳ֣һȷʵǳϬ˺컯񽫡
ľоһ˺
ǣվŲӵ£ֻҪĳӦһ£˲ǡ
ǣľע£컯ɵһһģȿɳ̽ɫǹĻӣ


3181 ľĵ
ۣ
ȵһ˸ɳȫ߶¾۳ɵĽɫǹ컯룬ȻԶ
һĻ컯ľ鵱ɵۣһְ͵״̬
ⲻѧ
ȫܵ飬ôأ
Ǵ˿ľѾȫ߶ԴȫӦϢڼ˥䣬ľ鶼Ϊǻˡ
ΪŻǶɵĻ
ͬ𾪵ģһλӱͻϮ˾ɹ컯񽫣֮࣬µĶ˰֡
ı仯ԶԶĳǵϡ
컯һǹͷ컯ԣֻʧս󽵣䡣
컯񹬻һâԴҡҡλεľӶݡ
ʱ˿̣ľҲӦ˹ʱʶڵĴԮ
ȵһǹǽһǹͷǽɫǹڿ̺ŴԸ
Ըܹ׾˺컯Դ
һǹ컯ԴʱԴλƵģ˰ġ
ľԮǴ˾ɹĳЦٴһ󽭰Ľɫ⣬סľͬʱҲľľԮ֮·ġ
컯ǿ߽֣һɲǵı仯սľ䡣
ΪնԭǴӱ͵Ϯ˾ɹ컯𣬶ôһɲǣ͸˴˾ɹٴĻᡣ
ƥңľŭ𣬵޼¡
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ȥ
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ָɳһŽɫԸȵĻһ˷ݣעһ˸ɳ̵Уһ˸ɳ̹⻪
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ľĿѣ˾ɹ⵲סֻĿ
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컯һ鱦
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ʱд裬鱦ȫ£Ҳܳϼغϡ
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컯䣡
ʱ˿īɫܲſ£ֻǺ£һɲǣ˿īɫܾʧȥ֧֣дð˿īɫ΢΢һͶľķ
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ֻǣ־Բܵ飬ȴǰ
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ǰΧɹѹֳ񵶵ɹţնɱɹİա
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ôȾͻս
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̹ɳɲǣ컯ľһڽɫıԴѪ˹ȥ


3182 Ԫʥһ
һڽɫıԴѪȥľ׳̹ⶸһʮ
ʮӨӨ̹˷ľ顮󡯵߳У˷Ķʮλ컯ˣͬʱͬķ̹⡣
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˶ף컯ľñԴѪط϶ͬСɡ
شԪʥһʥصմɵáԪ𣬡һʩչнͨһˣ˴߶ͬһططܳɱǳʮ
Ҷ˵ʲôȱһλ컯ǣסɲǣ˾ɹеٴն
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ֻһûǣƣ˾ɹȫ֮£һնɫСɡһɡǣľǲͣĳ鴤š
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ɱ֮Ϊȡʱ䣬ڼЧˡ
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ҶݵøԸôΪڶʱھͿԻָ컯ڵΪ
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3187 ҶսĿ
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Ҷľȵǣħ壬ȻҲɳʹҵ壬Ѱ
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ҶЦǣңȻٴɳʹߵҶѰҺ
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Ȣس֣ųԶʼǸˮ֮󣬻֮岮ֵǣôôȥҶ治ϣҶԼ·ҪߣԼҪ졣
ŻڽҶҲӭ˵ڶϢ
ڶϢ򱱺컯ɣҶɰæƵľϵ鱦ƺˡ
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3189 ľ
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3190 ɵ
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֪ʦǱ߻ûжԸܲܽһ֡˵ɾæ֤ʦ壬ԸԺһᾡϡ
ңԺΪʦʦ嵫Բƴǡ
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ҲΪԭһԣû˻ű˽Ըˡ
Ϊһڣùϵ֮⣬ûá
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οŸߵÿһߵ;
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ׯʦҲǻǧʱ⣬ͻƵ
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ҲڣĿǰû컯ĳ
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һݻУܲ٣ͿԼˡ
ܲͻƵ컯͵ÿˡ
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Ϊڣʦݻش򣬿ɲһξͿԵģ컯ͻơ
ŵļ¼Уµӵԣʦ½ʮΣݻ򼸰ٴΣµͻƵ컯
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ҶԪ鰢˼ҪҶóͻƵ컯ٶȺͿԡ
룬Ҷʱûᴫһ£ǳѵɵ˵ͷǧԸǰɣãҽ㣡
ԣɴϲҶ泤Ҿףлʦȫ۵ܷͻƣʦĴ£
һôԸУûм
ţףˡͳǧԸ֮Ҷ˲ʧҶԼҲҪΪˡ


3191 ֮Σ
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ķѵʱ䣬Ȼࡣ
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ǣܲסҶи;
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Ǵ·ڣʥأȻûκζ뷴ӦûӪȣҲûбҶԽĲ
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ͬһɲǣص׿϶УһСĿռͱú㶨鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫɵʱ
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ɳУͻȻͶĪϢ


3192 
ͻأֵĪĺϢҶļޱȣ̧ܵ졣
ҶУȴǿһ
ͻأֵϢʱҶӦУһ㣬ɳϷ
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ҶϢ£ҲͻȻðλ档
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λ컯𣿡ϸĸӦţȥ֮ǰϢԼӰ죬ҶĸӦԽС
ͻȻ䣬Ҷͫ׶һƽʥ𣿡
ݵսҹΪûбսϴԻƽʥһ缴ͣˮ֮࣬ƽܱ߸йĤݵͽ
ͻȻ䣬ϢسڻƽʥϿա
ɢſֲϢӰڻƽʥǵϿգĸ·ˮĻƽʥǡ
λ컯ֲϢ֮£ûпԣƽʥڵ֮£ڵأҶ˿
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дӰĿ֮ĺƵ֮ʱͳؼ䡣
аɳаŰ췣ƵУƬƬɫ
˲ϢڻƽʥĵĻƽڣƽ𹬾ǱһЩʼ⡣
ƽڵɳ˾ɳФڣɫϢĻ˻ҽһҽжûз
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ĵɳĹ׺£ͻȻųɽ⣬ԿƬµɫ
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š
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ϵĺһĺ
ɳɳɲǣɫ⻪Ѹ䶯ţոձɳ񣬾Ȼ䶯۽
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Щƽʥڿɳ۵ɳ˾ǣ˿ȻȻı۾Ͷƽ
ٹڣ
ٹ⻹ҫǣ
ûǣ


3193 Ҫ
ǰɳƽʥһĻȵĻ벻˼飬ȴʵš
УаҶīλ߸ϣϵĽ񷣡
ƽʥٽǧɳ˾ǣһ˫ͷߺɳ
汲ѪеϰߺͱܣǼţֻҪͻӻǶɹʱ̡
ٹ⣬ͬڡ
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Ǹ߸ϵǡֻ϶ͨɳ񰡡
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ˣڵˣٹ⣬Ѿ𣿡
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ʹˣѰɡ
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ʹˣҪ㣡


3194 
ʹˣҪ㣡
Ĵ˾ɹҶϣͷ촽Ҷѥϣš
ٶҶڵ
ڰ
ȫڰ
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Ȼ˵ֻɶڵĴ˾ɹһ裬Ҷԣȴ
ܿģҶˣ


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Ϊٹ⣬˾ɹĳЩʱ򣬿һС
һ
ϧǣ˾ɹԣڵҶʲôҲˡ
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λмƵ컯ҶȥƾҲֻ
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аҶīλͬʱͷͬ˾ľ
Ŀǰûѡѡ
ȻˣǾͷͷжɣŴɳǼӻƽйÿһֵĮЦݿˣֿжðÿζˣ˵ء
˵꣬λڣֵңҾɹϹʱ϶ĳʹް
ֻһɹϹ϶ҳġ
ɹϹģҲġ
ԣ˷ֿܹ޵Ͽκα飬Уȴż˷ܡ
ľҶ΢΢һȵ˵ͷܺãѡ
ѡ

λҪСĹĪЦУʧ


3195 ɢ
ݵʧ̬󣬴˾ɹѾվҶԡ
ֻ̬֮ǰȻͬ
ڴ֮ǰ˾ɹȻҶĶд·磬ߵշ壬Ҷ沢֮⡣
ŵİ󣬴˾ɹıû֮ǰôͦˣƺ˼֣ԼԼҶͦεС
ֻǴʱһһجģô˾ɹһʹľȻ
ϵı飬һۣͷ·඼ܳ鴤
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аڿɳǣ񷣣ɳǵ˷棬ɳɳ౻ݻ١
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جһһ
̶һڣλͷֱݻ崦ֵͬʱݻ˸ôɳ
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3196 ʱ
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߸ߴУûľ޴ӰʱԶһƽɳʹްɳ
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κθУָйµ棬ȴֱϡһ㡣
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ֻ˭Ҳû뵽νֻǾһѡ
Ҳһɲǣٹ·ɳͻȻҵ䶯
εȵΪҲǾϺ꣬һֱûзɹ
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Сָֻ΢΢һոշƽɳǵ棬ͼһת򣬸Ǻڵɳ
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ҪɱС㣡
Ц䣬һɢŻͻĴգͻȻԾǰɳ͵ӭ˱ֱĽɫì
ջͻͣ

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ͬһɲǣļµĲشӺɳ֣ɢɫĵ⣬شӺɳɫĵɢĹԣһ˲Ϣǹ˾ֻͻʹյĵ⡣
ֵɲǣƝĹ⻪˲Ϣأܱɳͷ·õ˺һ㣬˲Ϣɳϯ
ɳ
һεĻɳ֮˷ɳڶ𣬻еĵ⣬һܸ
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Ŀ⣬رޱȴ㵣ô죿


3197 Ҳн
񵶵ĵԼٶն˾
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񵶽ɫĵնеɲǣصع⻪
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ǾƶĻȴǲϵĵţֵ񵶵Ϯ
񵶵ҲǷǷټϴ˾ɹΪոͻƵ컯˾ڣս
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ִնػ˰˵޴Ļǣ˷ɹĲ֮
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Բǧһֲɻҽƾն·ɳһ˲ϢͱĳɳؼɵĻɳ˲Ϣͱٻһա
еأһ˲Ϣ䶼Ρ
ŻɳеȣʱҲֻܶݿնǰȫĿɳ̣ػһ˵ɳ̣һԲܣĶסһֺĴա
ҲǴ˾ɹ˾עҪȻһУҪܲˡ
ͬģ˾ɹҲƵ˰С
ʱ˾ɹȫ߶Ļɳھȫѹ֮£ֻԼԲ׵ķΧ
ͻȻ䣬˾ɹƺһɳٴֻڴ˾ɹԲʮ׵ķΧ֮ڡ
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ƺУ˾ɹ籼ףȻֱ˾ֱĻɳӲصİִգ񵶵ĵٴն
һΣƺ˻ɳļӳ֣ܸ
ͫٴһ
һΣòء
ɹҪƴΪϹһС
ǣȴǰ;ֵش֮ʱ
˲Ϣ䣬ԭȣɱȵִնؼΪһɫ㣬˻ȥ
ͬʱɹİִգ⻪ǣظɹǰеĿռ䡣
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ֻҪնͻᱻĴ
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ǵٶȣò˼Ϣܸϵġ
а٣ӦϾ͵˰ɡ
һϻɹ;
ھ۽һɲǣƤȴΪһƵ⣬͵һ
ģɹ񵶵ĵ⣬ȻٴѸ׵ģһ˲ϢԽռһն˾ǰ
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İշ֮£ȫǲܵİ
˵ʵһǵ⣬֮ǰĵһҪͻأ
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𵴣ɫ࣬͵񵶡
˹ĹþֻܵС
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Ѫը֡
񵶵֮ɲǸǵģ
ĿĽ˸ţھϣһɼǵ˿ڡ
꣬ûܹˣ
ʹþܵһ֡
಻󽭴ӣһһһһǿһ
һɲǼ䣬ֻһȴߴǧء
ң⵶ޱȹĿ졣
ھĸӦУĪĹ졣
ĸӦУԷĵʱ˿ӦһأʵϺϵģȴʮأ
ǸӦͷ·ԷĵԼĶʮһ
ѵɹˣʱ䷨򣿡ͷþһ
ҲһɲǣͻطһѲ
񵶵ĵ⣬նն˾
񵶵ĵҲһɲǱ˼¡
ɳںԸ֮£һּɱ
糱ˮйȥƿ˾ظֱն˾ǽӲӵĹ
ɹԿ࣡
һɲǣһʹĲҽС
ħҲн죡ʱ˿̣ɹЦٶȴ߶񵶣սɲǣҶ

⡭ɹԥЩʣᣬ̫ѵˡһ˲ԶͻȻ¡¡ըɹޣʶʲôɹ񵶿·͵طҶ͹滮õĳ
ҶûκԥȣҲ˲Ϣִǰ滮õĳ
ɹɲǣ˲Ϣʧ


3198 
εγɫѪҺе䣬ÿһΣ·ҳһ޿ӡ
һʹ࣬ϢҵĲţŴӴըĵâŭ׷ˣ
ģа
žģаһȴû˿ͣ٣糱ˮɨ˷ʱ׷һƲϢ˲Ϣʧ
޺޵Ŀһаʧķ򣬾ŽҧأԼ˿ڡ
ִ壬ʼѹҼǸ޴󴴿ڣϣɳԼ񵶲ĵ
ʱǴϲŵĻɳ񵶵ĵڲϵƻžڸ
֮£ڸӵĴҲӲɡ
ҪˣЩŵ
ŲϵĳɫѪ಻ɵ͵س鴤һ¡
ˡ
ʧĴˡ
аܹնɱɹãܣʧˡ
ȫ߶£ڵطɵľ࣬ľչͨΪһ壬ѹ˲˿ϵ
ۿɼģɹھ˿ڴڱţҪ׵ڣҪʱʹġ
ٴҶīˣĴг֡
λյģʱʹһ
顢ؿǾ޴˿ڣлŵϢǼΪ𾪡
֣ǡҶѯʵ
˭ɹϹ˷ˡ޺˵
Ҷüͷ壬ԾֵʵɹȻҲɱ൱ôᱻش⵱ʲôԵʣ
Σ˾ɹΪչֻһ컯кڵߣɳȷʵ˵컯
һָͨ컯
ڳļλǾաаҶˣǿ֮һ
ɹǿ࿹ҲͰˣ˵ǣܡ
ڣȴشɲҶģԲдʡ
˵ľԥһ£û˵ɻ󡪡֮ǰսУĴ˾ɹʱ䷨
ʱ䷨򣬺ܶʱԻΪ档
Ҳɹܹ˵ԼΨһ͡
ʱȴû˵
϶˵Ҷа׷ɱɹǿȺͻԣͻ
˵н䱸Ҳͼˡ
Щһ׷ɱɹҲͬһشǲǺء
ҶīЩһһüʾģĵ˵ѾЦˡ
ǵľ֣һ֡
ϣû취˭ɹˡ
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Ϊ֮ǰڻƽʥʩչĺֶΣЩڣЩˡ
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û׷һĻ˵ľ¶ܴ֮أаȴû׷
аɫЩѿûУԷĿռŲϢǳֻһ࣬ԷӰˡҡ
ʲô
ԷĿռŲϢ֮޼׷١а˵
ݷҶʵ
鱦ݷһ׷ϵġ
аĻɫһ䣬ʲôʱ鱦ǿռģīЩ졣
ϢľЦĪ׷ʧ֣Լҽڣռ鱦˵оеģ
аֻɴŭȴмֱ磬ǰŲţҪǣɹһҪСģܱյ鱨лҪǿ󣡡
аĻֿĲ׷׵ͷľֱҧ
֣ΣҶʵ
ãֻҪһʱ䡣ƣʵӽȥһ¹򣬾ͻָˣؼġ
þʹģȴʧ
һʧǴȥˣ¸֮
ÿһö£ɶüϡĵرƵģҪָҲøٵĴۡ
֮һΣʧˡ
ңһºƻָΪҲ½µĹѪɲġ
λҪˣһתˡ˹֣λն˻ɹˣǵ֪һ
ӦҶͷ
ţ⣬ӦҵĶλɱˣ
аҶī˶һۣҲֻٴεͷģջѣٲһݡ
ţͷ֮࣬ϯһͶиĴս֮У˲Ϣ
žʧаҶīԡ
һʦڵ֮٣û뵽ɹûɱԼһһλ
ҲյƲûбôأվѷʧˣ
أΣҶٴοڡ
ɡаڵˣȴСˣɹϹǷͬһ㡣
ԣҶȴ̾Ϣһɳ֮УɹҪ͵Ϯ˭治÷
о仰Ҷû˵Ȼǵս͵ģۺսȴġ
նɹ͵Ϯ֮شأ
һ飬ɣԸƵа̾Ϣ


3199 ȥ
ʱµĲʧܣµûϣ
ǰ񷣵񣨾˾ɹشЩնɱǱɳ
ĿһĻƽɳǵɳͼ˾˵ޱȣҲĿƶ֮£̵ʱڴɳ
һʱ䣬Ϊصɳ񱻻١ǻƽʥǱ񷣶ɳǣͻȻϣ
Ϊ־ֹͣÿɳǣָֻÿε
ңǰϣӵģ
ֻʧȥŶϧ
ʧȥɳٹҫĸоʵ̫ˡ
·ؼһƬڰ
ٹⲢûǣȻϧ
ûã漣һƽʥڵɳڲдɳӳ£ȻһЩĽɫ
ûãļ˾ǳ֣еķţʼɳ
ɳȡĵǼΪ򵥣ɳеɳӣеطɳӻҺȻɳӲ㽽ȥ
ͬʱ˾طµ·
Щģ½ڶɳĽɫں
ʱ䣬ߴһٰʮ׵ɳɣٶȿƼ죬Ҷ濴Ҳǡ
Щ⡣
ڶɳɳ˾ǵط߶½ڵʱһж⡣
񣬽Ϊɳ̵Ľ
⼸죬ҶһֱĿѸٽɣҲ˼š
ҶҪƿͱȾܵ˽
ҶһͬĿɳɵģûгߵλ
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Ŀµɳ
·ٺɳ˾ǣҲֻľȻĿһ췣λ񣬵ûᣬֻĬĬĽͷ顣
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һĻλЩΡ
ҶĸӦУλУаϢȲгֵĳ嶯ջûг֡
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ʱ˿̣ٶɱ԰ǧƵɳȴǲ˷ˡ
Ϊ̶ȣ־ǣѾ
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Щ£ЩãЩá
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ҰϮׯһƾʵҲǹء
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ΪԽߣԽǵ컯εĴڣѾһ̶ȿԴ־ˡ
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˵Ϊﵽ컯Ϊ־ľе־ǲлǼ֤ˡ
½ķ˴սһλſԣԼ׽һĴıҲԣǣҪ³Υˡ
ܼȵԱֵ˶Ա
Υ˹أȻиһߣҲ־ͷ
£֮ǰһ£ȴҲ⡣
Ȼ˵油컯һ¿ʼֽģǻ޶еġ
컯ԲսԶԵǽ֣ʽնͨʿƽգǾͲһˡ
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߿ɲ־ıӻħ壡
Щͨĵһ컯˶ЩȴǾԶġ
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ƽʥܱߣвĵ˾ߣ˿ڣָڡ
ǣλеĳһλֺɱǼҲǶǸˡ
գһε̾Ϣ
ֵ֧^ԨĴոձɱĴܣ֯ٶȹռҪʱ䡣
ҪȻ֮ʣͿһƽ
ϧûô
Ȼ󣬻ɳаҶīλͻȻЩ
ĿɹֱҲ
û취ɳĸԴ˾ǿԽϢɳΪһ壬ǽɳǿ޾ɳһ飬Ҫҳصɹ̫Сˡ
ʱ˿̣˵ɹЩ컯ļ˾ǰ벽컯һҲҲλֵĿ궼ûС
ƫƫҪǣΪɹвλֻԣҴ⡣
ֻҪɳУɹܹɾ޴в
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ֵ˴֮£Ѿ׼䲼֣ÿ춼ҪҪǿû̫ʱ
컯£˭Ҳҵ
ϾɹغδʮڵĴơ
غǵ˭磬˭ֻȻ˯
ȥаΡ
ȥ


3200 
ĸһӦ뿪˰ɣ֮󣬴˾һγڻƽʥǵĵصס
Ҳ
Ҳ
Ҷôʣô˾ɹǾ衣
ǵģҲ
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ѾˡҶ濴˿գ⼸λ뿪ˣһ̽ʵ٣ͻ̵ʱɳ
ɹɫδ䣬üͷȴòŵʹ˵պǿֵ߳ƵʣԽԽ࣬Ϊ̬
Ҷ˵ͷһ񷣣һ̬Ŀˡ
ɹ˾Ҫһֱһڵصף
Уֻǧǧշĵ˾ɹԼȷԡ
ҶȴǶĿŴ˾ɹҡҡͷûѡδһʱڣ˾㲻ܹ㹫ҲֻþѪ
ȴҪɳĳɳУķǱ
ҶĻô˾ɹͦεķֻ𣿡
ǵġҶͷȴԾĸı䣬ıһ״
ôı䣿
Ȼʵұʵֻǽ˭ҽɳصĴۣʱ򣬴˾ͿݺɳҶ˵
ʵ
˾ɹ˼ţҡͷʹ֮ͨ£µĹҵΪȻͻƵ컯˺ڡٸҰĹ˼ٵʹĻһңҵΪ컯۷塣
ͻƵ컯񽫣ˡ
һ£ɹֵĿǰΪشջаȱɳ֮У֮ãҲͻƵ컯񽫡
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Ҷû˵Ҷɹ˼ɹҶҶͻƵ컯񽫡
ɹҶĺô׶ˡ
ʵһɹ֪ĿǰԣҶ沢ûɹͻƵ컯񽫵
ҶʩչɹͻƵ컯񽫣ãҶԼΪҲͻƵ컯
Ƕʱڣֻܴ취ˡҶ˵
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Ҷͷȴҡҡͷ
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˵ɳ̺ɳռǵɳĸ
ֻɹѾƽʥ˳ҶҲܱȹʱֻˡ
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ɳФ䣬Ŀǰʧ
ҶʱͻƵİ벽컯ʮһλ˾ɱʮλ
ʵ󲿷ֶǻƽʥڵʧƽʥǽ֮ɳǵļ˾Ӧԣʧǲ
صģƽʥܱߵɳˡ
ʮˣʧپʮ
԰ơ
ҵʬǵģʧģȴھ췣Уȫɻҽ
ƽʥھɱ֮ƽʥ˵Ҳ֮һ
Ļƽʥڣлİᦡ
ӣ˹
ܿԽ࣬ԽʹĴпٻָ
ɳˡ
˾ɹ֮ͿʼתؽȻʼ
ҶʹҲû̫ߵֻ߲ǰһЩصļ˾ֽһֽйĵ۷ļ˾ͻƵ컯֮Ҳ͵չ
δһʱ䣬⣬Ҫǵ͵ӵ͵
չ֮ҶϢĴӻɳйɳѰһԶɳǵĺʵص㡣
һ֮ǰһѡõַȻøӦ׼鱦ʮԪԪɢ˷մһ춯ϮҲ޷ͽɢռİԪĿռŲƸס
Ҷһʱռ䣬黯Ϊ΢СɳС
ʱռУҶȴ֮õɽ컯Դ
С׼ûУҶ
״˷ģһΣСǰޱȵš
Ǿȥɣ
һɲǣīɫһֹŤһľžŰʮһ⣬شҶڴܳطֱӴԴ֮ڡ
ȻԴԴڣ¡
ۼСٴϮôŭԹŭ߳һľҲۻ룿
ϺУԴֱըһԴĽ⡣
Σ
СһЦԸ룬ľ̽ʢ
ԸĻ£ľͻȻ˼Ľɷ֮˸и䣬Ȼֱͻķ˲Դ
ͨ˲ط
⡭𡭡


3201 ˣ
ɽʥ֮һһԶĵȴĴ½ϵܵС硣
е˸ţ׹ըɽϿա
ʱдĵͲ˺ӭ˳
ЩǸӦԼϢӭɽˡ
Ӵмʮ꣬һһۻؿɲһĴ
ӭع飬Ȼһ׵Ǻ
аһۣʹɢظ
Ҳڴʱһɽ컯ˣͻȻ׹Żֵ̼˵аǰаüͷһ塣
񡭡ˣ
ţа۾صԲ˵
񽫵Ļһ֮ڣȺˣ˵꣬컯˱ɪɪ
Ϊأ̫⵱еˣаŭֻǺ޹ıǨŭǺԣҲһ
һԣϢĿ΢΢һ
һ֮ԳһΪնɱɹΪ˾λ컯񽫡
ϧǣɹûɱɣλ컯񽫵ϢþطһҲӦոջյجġ

ı
컯˲Уаûз𣬵Բ۾ظȻ
̸֮
ƣ
λȺתɽ񹬣ɽŵϢ⡣
һʱ֮ɽ׵֮УֳɽȨľɽɽͻظ֡
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ȥɽɽамһ۶ˣ䡣
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أ˵Ѿˣ
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Ϊǿ߰аɹǶԱɹǰս
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ĿǰҲȷʵĻɶ
ʵҲҶԭ
⣬ԶԴԶͷӲһ̶Ͽס
塭
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ȥǧ꣬ǶûҲǶʱھܰ쵽ġ
˵ɽɽһ£ԣǻǸ°ɣ
һ£аͿɽ涼ҵ״ӣʧʵе󡣡
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ɽɽһаҲȷʵʵĿ䵽ϣҲæɽǿԶߵȷʵ㰡
Ĵ²ݵ飬ɣ㡢Ԫˣÿ˳񽫣áɽɽ֣ɽڵ컯֡
İţֻܽУȴȫǿɫ
һаһ֣һ¡
֮ŸոտʼԽģʧԽ
а񽫵ӾǸӡ
׼²ͬȻģǿ˭ǿʵ
컯ĸ֣һ࣬ʧ˾ʧˣɲܹġ
û֣պҪ̺ôҲ̲̫ࡣ
ȻӦͷȴѾ˼
ɽڵļλͷʹɢȥ
ڣҲɽ顣
Ҷǰŵžյ˵ľϢԭ˰졣
ԭ֮£ʦͽĸ飬Ҫɽһ㡣
ô£ȻҪرģкİš
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ɽɽǳǡ
飬ȷһţѰᣬͼĿǰĴ¡
ȻİţȴɽЩͬ


3202 
ľ̶Сԣش󣬶Ҷԣͬش
Ͻľϵڹϻƫģľϵעع䡣
ԣСľϵʱ򣬾ʹڸ״̬
Ҷ컯֮ǰСĸҲʱҶȡʤĹؼ
СѪź鱦ľļӳ֣ȡ˲֪Ϲľ͵ʮ÷Ԫ롣
Щ֣ͨСʵ͹żļӳɣֲСơ
ǵҶСΪͻƵ컯֮ԵĵͻȻ컯ˣ컯񽫣СƾͻȻò̫ˣʧˡ
ʱСֻǸ컯˳ڵľѣӳ֣Ҳһǿһ컯˳ڵľ
෴ģȱͱŴˡ
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ǰԸ컯ʱʧȥ¾ӰͬʱСԴڣشˡ
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3206 Ӧ
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3207 Ļر
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3210 ػ
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3211 ػѪ
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ڣһжˡ
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Ҷģ±֮бҪö෽һڲڲб䣬ǶڴܶĴ½ԣǾ춯صġ
Ҷ˼ĵڶ¾ʼ¡Ĳл꣬ѾھͽػҶָϣһ

ֻǸҶָӶѣǸҶƣҲҶܹ׿Ƶġ
ңǼĿǰֵпԵİ취
Ӷ˵ĶԻػɲƤһܹõġ
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ʵѹĹߣҲǿۼƶġ
Ҷңңע£ʼ¡лָ£¾ڿۼĵڣһױ׼Ļǡ
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ż˫뿪Ǭ̨ͻȻɢ˴ĿĹ⻪⻪仯У̨ͻһö硣
Ѫ
ż¡лȣ¾ҧͷһȵͷѪͱƳĿϻ֮ϡ
˵Ҳ棬ľѪȻ硣
ͻȻѪ죬Ѫһ˲Ϣȥʧ̨С
̨Уַɳһ壬ĸλá
ĻᣬӡΪĻӡÿһҪմȾľѪٷȥ
ÿһ֤ݵĶմȾϵľѪȥ
⻪ӿٴΰ⼸ɫڡ
ȸɫɢԭȿŵĵĸλãͶһѪɫ쳣ӵơ
ţǾһػѪ


3212 
Ҷ汾ΪõʲôػѪ¾ӦٵεѪ߶ƣػʹڣͻܳ컯ǿ
ʵϣõػѪȴֻǶûػĵһ
󣬼ʹŻػѪٴڼʿ̧ŵŻʹ󷽼С
Ҷǣ󣬼ȻػʹԷ
żǰзҶͷ͵һ
ػӦòڻؾҲС統аɣ
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λҶ֪֪֪ȴǽȥ
ǽ˻ʹûӦҲ޷ؾġ
ʶһ㣬ҶͷͻȻԥ
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ǣСҪף¾һѶȣΣء
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ǽҶǰһᣬҶЩᡣ
ܹؾĻǳѵá
ԺĻᣬºѡ
ԪұڻؾУû֮δʤǰܡ
㳯ĻҪΪ˾㳯ԼǧǧԼֵվǾͲˡ
ؾȻܣȴķĺ޾ר˵С硣
ֻҪ׼ǿӦû⡣鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ˵
ãͽˡҶͷ󶨡
ģΪȫػʹ֮ڣٷֳһű屦鱸áԪ˵
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йŵһ࣬ʮڼ࿴ͻȻٵĻʵۼ񣬾ϲ֮࣬׷״ΰݡ
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ȻȻģ͸ҶĻᡣ
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С磬̫ĺˡ
Ԫ̫Ũˡ
ҶСԪŨģҪȺĴ½ԪҪŨ
طֻҪþԼӲãһ츣ء
˵Ļǽһͷ봩ϻС統УͷҪǲɾԲСŨԪ
ŨԪΪȻѹԭ򣬻᲻ϵĳˢϴǵȻľ³¸Ԫ
Ϊһǧڵǰٶȣ»ǺĴ½ͨߵϡ
ôֹˡ
иĺӣȻˣһ龳Ϊ
һ·ӦҶһ·̾
ػжǿ
˵ģڻС磬ͨ˵ΪǿںĴ½
ңԪŨС磬ĵرҲӵĶǿ
ֱƻǱ
ΪҪǣѾӵС缸ʮ֮ãôĵжǿ
̧żǰеǰ̣ȫǵкڵΪٶĿ졣
Լʱ֮󣬾ʹشɽзɳһΰĳǳصС
ǳ䷱
۷壬Ȼز١
ֻǳǳعģСһˡ
Ҷ澪㵵ķ֣ǳص֣ҲأҲڳǻʳǡ
СڵصĳǳأǷ󷨺ͻʳǷ󷨣Զûдصôǿ
һ·ֱСڵػʳǡ
е
ֻһ̫漧ĵ
̤ٴδΰݣȺ֤Ǭᣬ󣬲ŽӴػʳǵõĻػѪȥ
Ф̫ѪҼջػ˴Ҫ컯ʮˣ컯ʮȫ
Ǽɲǣһ޷ݵİ级ȻϢشӵл˲ϢҶ޹ģ


3213 Ǭ
İϢ˲ؾҶ޹ġ
֮£Ҷڵһʱ伲ݡ
ٵԶС統еĵľ롣
ֻΪʱϢ̫˿ֲ
Ҫ˵ҶļʶҲˡ
նɱ컯񽫣컯۷ǿߵϢҲֱܹ
ǰڵϢҶĸӦУȻȾϢҪǿ˵
ҶĸӦУϢֻȵҶܹλϢѡ
Ȼ˵λϢҶӦĲС
ǰϢԶԶĳϢȴһġ
֮ǰһλϢֲԶ컯Ĵڡ
Ҳ컯ǿߡ
ǡ棡
֣ɲҶ治֡
ҲɲҶ治ˡ
ҪǼӣֵĿ̫ˡ
Ǳһλ컯֣ҶСӳĿԣ̫Сˡ
֮ڵĴһλ棬һ֣Ҷͱ뿪ˡ
ҵǣҶ漱ٴ֮ǰǲϢûκ쳣
ҶĵǣǿֲϢ󲿷ֶڵ֮ڣû䡣
ҲҶ漱ǧ֮ٴݿӵԭҪȻҶӦ̵ʱðԪʩչԼ뿪С硣
һΣҶ淢֣ܻĵ̣лҪ
һλ컯ǵһĴڣܵˣ벻Ӳɡ
ڣҶ֪ϢȵĴڣһλʲô
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ܵĳִڵעӣðǶҵ
Ф

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ŭҶ롣
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Ҷ˼ĵڣͻأģڵǰƮŵĽΣ׵˹¾
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ᣡ
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ڣոձļһּŤ̤˵Ӥͯѧһ㣬λƵ˲
һҡһεҪˤ
ڶѾˡ
̤ʱ򣬸ոձļ߼䣬ѾǸˣҲ˱顣
ĲǰӲ缦צָѾ·ɣޱȣǸһ˿Ц⣬Цֶһ
ҲǹϵģʼôԴȻֻǿ
ֻЦݣҶ濴ȴޱȵĹ죬ЦУ޷ݵӲ
һɲǣסģȴҶ顣
ΪӲЦУ¾ֻ΢һ֣ǬƮһҲûų˼
֤ҶĲ룬ǰἧˣпǴܵĳλǿۼ
Ǭֻ֣һһӰʹǬڷɳʼ¡ľ
ʲôΪǲ뿪Ǭģһ뿪ãΪͻɢ

֡
ȴ
֮Уʼ¡ĲлֵģУʼɢ
㲻
Ӧʼ¡лģֻһмߡ
Ǭת䵽˼ϣһֵתţתɢ
ƺ֮ļǬһصĽ
ֽȻ޷֪ġ
ʱѾСĵµҶˡ
Ͷ䣬˴ʵ۵ꡣ
ΪܵĹ䣬Ҳ
Ϣ֮󣬻תŵǬͻһ裬Ȼͻһ⣬Ͷ˼ڣ
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һǵ۷壡
֮¾ΪϢȻ컯˳ڣ
ĸΪֱ컯
Ϊûֹͣڷٵţ


3214 
ûκԥģҶˣ
ϵ뿪ˡ
Ҷ治ٿȥˡ
ǣҶ棬ٿȥΣռ
¾񱻴ܻеĳλΪϢ컯ǽӽĿֲڸḽˣܽܵǬֱջ塣
ټһУڴ̫ܿ漧ĵڷġ
ἧĿֲڣпǴܵĿ̫漧
ܵĿ̫漧ǺεȵǸλĴڡ
ΪǲǴﵽ˵漶ûȷļأȴ֮ͨˡ
ݴ˵ͳһ֮ʱеĳλ治棬Ϊ֧һλ£Բһ赲ܴɱ󣬲ö÷ɱĵס˴ܵľ档
Ե֮󣬴̫ܿ漧һһǹͶλ֮ſڣǹâء
õ汾޷κ֧Ԯ
Ȼ󣬴ܵʱľʦҲδ׼Գ󣬻ɢɱ󷨵ĵ
ֱɱ̫ܿŵ棬ṳ֮̂벽ϢҲûκ춯
ӵ׼ɱƵϢ̫漧ǹЦȥ
ĶԹ˵ѾãǱȽϳһ׮
дԣ̫漧Ϊ棬սϣǵԵκһλ棬ơ
޷֤ˣǴ̫ܿ漧ʵɼһߡ
񣬼пǱ̫ܿ漧ᣬΪڲϵš
Ҷǻɵɵű
Ҫ֪鱦ɱ֮鱦Ȼǿ󣬵ܷӳܣҪģҪ˵Ϊ
ҶǰȻ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫǿĺ鱦ΪΪƣǵޡ
ҶΪϵȻﵽ컯˾۷壬Щ鱦ܲԽԽ
ҲҶǱСĵڡ
Ϊ֧֣鱦ʮԪ챦ڣǻС컯۷ĴڣҶҲԴѡ
иǿ컯ĴڣͲ˵ˡ
䣬컯ĴڿƷë۽ǣǰḽļ񣬾ͼпڶʱһλ컯Ŀֲڡ
ڵļǬܣ塢컯ļƿصǬܣǼ֮Ĳһ
ԣҶ뿪ˣ
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Щʯ֪Ժ֣֮Ȼʯ񣬵ųս˲ɵȻ
֮⣬Ҳûʲô쳣ػʹһĺΰ뿿ҪҵѺ㳯Ԫĵطеˡ
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СػʹڵڼΪͣȴһ㣬ҶԷĵõֶΡ
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еƷףʹڶͨΡȫı˳
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·
ûκԥģڵƷ׵̫Ҷ·ģɹԭء
£㳯Ԫ飬͹أһ̣С
ųңγӢٴοڡ
ڵصһ£ƺ˼ϺϺء
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ʹ֮Уʵ۾ǹأ
ش󣬻ʵ
óһƣַͨţȻڣһ˫ֵݸԪ鰢ûĺγӢ
ҶӦһ£ȷʵ㳯Ԫɣһ
Ŀɣھʣ뿪ˡ
λ˭Ԫ鰢ûĺγӢͻؿڡ
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Ҷ沢ûֹһһģ
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شҶͷһ
ħ²˵ˣǹķ²ķ²˵ء
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δĻҶͷ
Ѻλ컯ȭţǡ
ţ²²һ컯²ԴҶԪ鰢ûĺγӢ˵


3215 սʹ
ţ²²һ컯²Դ
Ԫ鰢ûĺγӢ´ùڵص¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ˡεڶūûȨҲûųġ
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ҶԪ鰢԰ȻܶεĹأȻôϡ
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ֻҪŪôöôҶ汾Ūֻա
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3216 󽫾
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ʱŽɫ׵ֱʶĻ䶯ָţ첲ϴʯʱһɢ
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ĻҶͶ뵽һǳֲĿܡ
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ۼڽһεĶᣬԤıġ
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ʮλ󽫾֮һƽ


3217 ս
̫ܿ漧һͳ֮ڳǽһڹľλ
ƽǴʮλÿ󽫾ŵ֮һս
Ҷ浱Ĺذݹ֮顣
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ˣ
Цţ׳һܼƤսģǸոѵսǣ׷ײ鳣ſ󽫾ƽĽ࣬ûƤս
ʮϰټƤսĵĺһǴݿĺһϵ˺ʯʯƤУɽڲϵ룬һһӵʯѺǴΰݴ̫ܿ漧ּ󽫾ƽԹУгɭޱȵľ
гɾǵϢҲһֲٶš
⿴ͷʯͳͳᱻѰɣ
һĻҶĿɿڴ
Ȳ˵ЩյսսʿΪջָʲô̶ȣľݣɭϣɱ졣
һ֧ӣҶ򺣾ֻǿ

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ս޺־ĴЩս̳Уĩһ

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㹻ˣģҪԪŵУҶֻоͻһǰؾʹʧ
Ҳ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪҶ뿪Сʱ򣬻Сػʹڣ߿յĿ̫漧͵תͷҶ뿪ļ֮أĿ
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У鱦ɽݣֻµԽԽ


3218 ӳ
ɹĴӻС룬ع鵽ػʹҶ棬ͷ亹
Ȼ˵˳ع飬뿪һɲǣʮǿĿҶԼӦ
ǶἧĿ̫漧Ŀ⣬ͷ·ڲԶҶһҶǻ亹
ǸŽǧľ롣
ԭҶҲ֪ġ
Ӧǿ̫漧пǻСˡ
ҶƿħһҶħڵס
κ˽磬ҪܵҶƵѹơ
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ҲҶһ׼֣ټϿոѣָŵҪû뿪Сػʹˡ
ҪȻһҶĺΣա
ΪСڵԭһ鱦ʮԪ챦齫Ҷ֮Ҷ滹λںĴ½ػʹԷ
ԭҶص滻ѪȻ󾲴Ƭ֮뿪ػʹ
룬Ҷͷ뷨
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һ̫漧ôһӿֲܳǿ컯ع飬ڵһʱɨأҶҲ㹻ʱӦԡ
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ĺ˵ǿ̫漧˲µģȻһδεƳʵġ

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˵ĸȨܱŵһԺʱ綨ûκƢ
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ô̶ʱ¾ǻһһ
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ˣӱҲһµζ


3219 ǳ鷳
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ʵǷսʵЩҫۡ
£Щսսȫɾ˾Ѳ˾˫ϵ׼ȫʵЩ׼ڻȫšλش⣬γӢǺоġ
ֻҪشʵɣж£ɻʵġ
شÿۼЩ⡣
ˣǰҶ棬ˣҲϱķˡ
ͻȻ䣬ЦȻˣҶһ°ɣ


3220 Ҫ
ȻˣҶһ°ɣ
żЦݣҶͻȻһëȻĸоû¡
·ԸҶι֡
Ҷ򺣾ս޲ʤħⱣ޿ʵķ
Ҷ󽫾һְĺɡҶЦе˵
һװ
ҶȻȷ̫漧ἧ֮Ӧǵõ˼ļ䣬һǴ󲿷֣ȫ
ҪȻܼǵ󽫾һְ
ȻҲ
ãҶ滰ֻ˵һ룬̫漧ʹҶĻЦ̫㣬ڵĴܣиҳġ
˵һúγӢľҶȴ׵Ļ
ݱҶΪ󽫾ΪĺȥɣֱּӽӡõɡֱӿڣγӢգ۾ߣӵƣȴұֳ
ǰ¸̸ǸоѰ
ôᣬͱôˡ
һ仰ͽȥ
ţǽȥ
ǿҶ죬γӢ밵Ȱһ±£̫˱
¡
ȥⱭ˸Ҷ䡣Ҷ漱Ҫʱ򣬿̫漧ٴδҶĻγӢʾ⡣
γӢЩƣɻǽһĲ룬˵Ҷǰ
ҶҲƣ⿪̫漧Ҫʲô
ҪʣµĲˮ
ӦòŰɣ
˵ۼĺ
벻ףҶֻԸӹ롣
Σˤ̫漧Ҷ졣
ҶȻγӢȻרһȥȻҶˤˣҪʲô
Ҳʲô¡
ѲҶˤ룬ⶫڻܳǧֶҶ治ɣ
ּ
飡
ˤвĽƬҷɣ̫漧ȴǸִЦ
ãǳã
ҶӸ㲻ˡ
ּ⣬ԱҶǰʧǣʧִͲΪ
飡
һ죬ȴڼܹܺγӢΪ𾪣зŷĲʧֵ䣬ˤ顣
ҶȻ֡
⼧ʲô·
ԼˤȻͶ
Ҷں
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ǰ⿪̫漧磬ôôм־ҵģѲǶ⣿
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ͨһڼܹܺγӢѾ˵ϣæĿͷūŸū½
ţȷʵһȥԼȥʮӡЦ˵
γӢɵۣһң⡭
ҶȴٴȻ֡
ꡭ
Լˤ˸룬ԾǰʧǱ
γӢˤ˲̣ҲǾǰʧǣȴֻʮӣҲ̫˰ɣ
ôҶˣЦеʵ
ر£̸ϣֻЩɻ벻סҶ
Ҷʵսԣ㶼Ⱥ󽫾һְò˶ãͻºպս
޲ҵͷһҶľλպηҶ䣿
ϣѲҶҪ޷һ
ֻ߾ɴԼ
Це֮ĺγӢͷ亹½˵ô˴󵨣˿˱ȡ
ҶȴǷӦ˹⼧Ŀ˰
⿪̫漧ǿ̫棬̸Ц䣬ͽҶŪָ֮ˡ
ҶͻȻ뵽һֲܿĿܡ
ͻȻԼǿƣǲǲ²⵽ʲô
᲻ΪҶãµҶѾ֪Щʲô
ֻߣҶ֮ǰĻСǱߣ
һˣҶͷ
䣬Ҷ
̫漧ϹУҶ滹ôʮֵСġ
ҶӣȻ˹ĳż˵Цˣ˵ǰʧǣǳ;ǰʧˡ
ѣ¶ȥ
һ㣬ҶЦ
£ֻǳʵ㣬ǶԺ;Ես㣬µɡ
ҪȻĴ½սƣǽ򺣾ƴˣҲ޷ΪĺЦϣҶԸ
ᰡ
ȴǺĻ˻֣Ҷģٲʮ򺣾ʮ򣬺ϼưʮ
ٳǼʮ¼ռǧʥһǧսӦù˰ɣޣʮλ컯
Ҷ浱ſڽ࣬˼ţȫ֣ˡ
˾ͺáЦеĵ˵ͷµ󽫾ƽ󽫾ΪҸ˧һսûɣ
ͳ·ģҶûԥʹĴӦˡ
¶ӦҲš
ǰ⿪̫漧ѾǽЩ¾ˡ
ʮֻǸţͳ˧ŵģֻţҶ档
ƽǺպĿ󽫾󽫾𣬿ҲǵܵĺպĿ
ҶˣһԵڼֱܹӾ±ˡ
ƽ˭
˭
Ϊ󽫾ڼܹû
ôɻγӢȻʶʹ֮ڣܷ޷˵ķ츲صı仯
ʶˣγӢҲֻĲĵףκα¶
ȻˣҶͻȥ׼ɡ
ǣ
룬Ҷջ뿪ˡ
֮ǰ¾ЩҶղûż
ػʹˣܣĿҲҪˡ
ԣҶҲñ䣡


3221 ڳû
ҶľѪ뿪ػʹ֮󣬺γӢԼӭһ𾪵ʱ䡣
ʥҲǻʵۼʵ϶ἧĿ̫漧Ǵ˼͡
͵ûʲô쳣ֻټλسѣةŸ٣Ѳ˾˾³˶ѡ
ͬʱ´һʥּΪµͳ죬ͳ죬ʼܻʹ
ʥּû⡣
֮ǰΪǰʧǽҶȥԭҶ桢ڵҶΪ󽫾ʥּ𺳣ѹʲô
Ͼϼ壬ǴĽ죬طͳ죬ͳ죬ϼá
ܣԼϽеһ֮ɡ
սʱǰսز˵ֵεĽҲԽԽ٣´ϽŵУμ죬ûκ⡣
εͳ졢ͳڼܹܺγӢԳʥּӪεġ
Ǵͳ
ڸطĽ׾ֻڼܹԳ棬ܴӡ
ʥּû⡣
ʥּڽڣžԵȨ
ֻǹʥּ֮ͳͳãΧǰתȦüͷġ
ܣ
һ֧ģôû˵ûм㣿
ǰһЧս
Χ˺ö⣬һɻ
γӢҲɻ
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ģм񣬵ȴй֮޲ô˼ȦܲŻڡ
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ϣӸڽµ£ڶˣһŭ߳˫ϥһ˵ϡ
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֪ڼپӪкηԸؽ֮òʵ
ӽϷҪϣΪ񣬵Ϸף
ףھܷԸ

ʼգһͻȻֵܶûпһֵĺγӢһۡ
ɺγӢصĻػʹּ
ֻǺγӢػʹּʱû󣬾ͱһ뷢԰׵̫סˡ
γӢұ֤ڻʹڣûм̫ࡣ
ο۵̫ࡣ
ڼܹܣҲֻܴ۰
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ۼں͡
뷢԰׵ֻ̫˵ĸ֣ȻЦеĿźγӢγӢһԴˮ
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Ļʹڣûһ
ںЦ޾ӣȴúγӢ벻ףʹڣڼܹǰ׵ָ̫࣬š
ͻȻ䣬γӢڽӪһĻ
δ֣ȻϽŵڡ
ںͣ
߶ţγӢͷ亹ˣ˫ϥһͻȥ
Сİݼڣ
ˣںЦеġ
ˣӦءǴڼڡ
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ţͺá
ںЦеģźγӢָͷ
Ҵܵڼܹܣܻʹһ𣿡
СסγӢͷĸСƵġ
ؼཫϷӹܣϵؼڼܹܣе¶Ϸá
ЩγӢֻеͷķݶ
˵ں͵ݣ˵ںɢǵļѹúγӢ޷ܾ
ţϷʱʰʰ޻ʹ⣬Ŷ꣬ʹ͸ɸһˡ
ϷִУûɣں˵
ڷģû⡣
γӢһڵͷ
ϷݺӦ֪ôɣʱڣϷ򻹲˾֪ں˵
ڷģС֪ô֪ô

Ҳͬһ磬Ѳ˾һλ˾죬ֺۣܲѲĴ˾³ȥġ
ةฮһλ͵ĳʷةŸȥҵίΣةฮճ


3222 αװ
ĺ˵УҶǰԻĺˮ꣬һ㲻һӰ˷׺ޱȵĺˮ꣬Ϊޱȷ˶ԭէһȻмִȡ
Ȼ˶ˣڼޱȵҶ˷ʩĺ̫Ϣֻ֮ǰСʱҶ߶ʱ䷨£ˮǳԱһʱ̫Ϣٶȣ÷ǳĻ
ԭܼ򵥣ɻʱԺ󣬿ûˡ
ڸոգҶյ˼
ٽة뿪֮ûãةฮһλ͵ĳʷ
ةฮʷƷײߣҲǸƷС٣ڴү繷ĵط̫ˡ
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ةฮʷ͵ÿةܹˡ
һ˵Ҳة߹Ȩ󣬵߳ȥҲӡ
Ҫǣةฮʷ͡
ʮǰһͳ֮󣬿ۼڷȺʱԣ꣬սģִģһˣȴɻȱ޿
ȱˣһͳĵʱ䣬ҪƳٰϣңңڡ
ˣةͣ
ҲǴʷΨһһλ޾ֻƾ¹ߡ
תĸֹƶȣԱǨϵͳ֮֡
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˵ģͬʱҳʮûκ⡣
Ҳֻдػʹ뿪Ҷ棬֪̫漧ع飬˴ͽֿ˿й¼֮󣬲뵽ةฮεĳʷǴܵĿةࡣ
ȻѲ
ǴѲ˾ĵߣѲ˾һֽġ
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ôƵѹܹ˵ĺĺ˵Ҳ̵ʱڵõ̫漧չˡ
ֵעģǿ̫漧ٴַܵ
Ŀǰ̫漧յȫԼԵһع鳯ãһ㣬ȫõ
ǣȴȡһָº͵ķʽȿҪλãةฮʷȻˮ̬֪ܵƿشе
ƺСġ
ֻСȴ͸һʮľ衣
ڼɵ˭أ

һˣҶͻȻȻͻؾЩΪο̫漧¸ԼôǿǿƹҪ󽫾ս
Ҷ󽫾Ǽͽǿһֱɫζѡ
ţαװ
ǼڲɫƳһ
ҶδսѾ˶λڼİУҶ󽫾αװͰãʵʡ
ͨһ֮δͻȻ࣬Ҷλںĺ˵м
ڲժ㹻Ѫʯ֮Ҷ濪ʼطԼϢԷһ
֮Ҷ徶ֱ뿪˺ĺ˵ٴϢĶݻأصڳǵı
Ӧ˵
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صҶյһµϢؼڶһλں͵ĸܹܣȻʼӹؼ
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Ҳ⼸ؼĴܹܸٶȹ죬㳯µĵӣҶ˿صõһЩʹڲ鱨
ڵı仯ϾͲˡ
ܵ鱨Ѳ˾ؼ࣬Ѿǵڸӹˡ
ҶǺɴܵĿǵοǵóĹڴһͳǰЩǣڸԵڵһĴڡ
ԤĴܳϵĹԱǣδһȺεȵ
ҶѾʼĴ㡣
ûйԥҶڵһʱ֪ͨţеѲ˾йٷݵģûйٷݣȫ밲ȫ״̬ռͳκ鱨
ͬʱҪ̵ʱĨȥȥĿܵ鱨ռۼ
һͬӵ֪ͨģĿǰϵؼڲԱͬ밲ȫ״̬ռͳ鱨
Ҷ̫ұݹ˰һʱ֮¡
Ҷ棬ᳵӣֱ
Ԥ⣬Ϊ̫漧µͽ٣һı籩
صĹܶ࣬ʵȨĹְôˡ
̫漧µͽҪôкܶҪ̭
ȨᣬѪȵġ
ҶȻǰ֪ˣôбҪǰӦԣԼºԼϵȷѡ
֮⣬ҶģҲӦó֪
֪̫漧Ļӻǵ̬ôģ֣߳Ҳи׼
ԣҶڵһʱֱ
ǣҶȴûҵֹ
˭֪ȥˣҶѯʡ
±ʥϿٽʹˡ
𰸣Ҷͷ͵һ
⿪̫漧ոոټ֣Ҫʲô
ʲôʱ飿Ҷ漱ʡ
Լһǰ
ҶٴȻһǰľѪոմػʹ뿪ʱ
Ҷǰ뿪̫漧ټ֣Ҫʲô


3223 ˳Ӧʱ
Ծ
Ҷõֱʥּ빬֮󣬾еȴ֣ڵȴĹУҶԽԽĲԾ
̫漧ոմӻС縴ǧٿ׵ĴܣҪǧͷ
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ݣڿ̫漧ȫûκδڸС
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ǣ̫漧Ҷۿٻʥ͸ߴǧλ
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ڳֵĵݣҶйˣܻĳֹ¼Ҷ棬Ѿ½֪
ǣҶô룬ҲĿ̫漧ٳֽԼйء
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࣬Ҷȫ벻
ػ̫漧ټϣȫûκҪԻ߼ԡ
ǣ̫漧ȴѾټˡ
ټĻ˼С
Ǽ񻹰ˡ
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ʱټ֣϶Ҫ⡣
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ҶΨһģǸѾʼӹؼʹڲ̫ǵں͵Ķûô졣
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˧£ϲϴðɣͲһϴ׷װͶλַٴʵ
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ǰļȻǲҵģڵļȴһҡҶ˵һùұͷԵĻ
˧˵׵𣿡ұ̿Ц
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ةฮεĳʷͣѲ˾ε˾ѲͳܣڼัܹںͣЩˣµķꡣ
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ʱ䣬ԷʷпУӦþˡ
ˣȥɣסҵĽ
ǣ˧ұһɻ
ס˵Щֻ֪򲻿ɶκԣֻ
ұ뿪ҶĿ⿴˴⣬ػʹʱ䣬Ҫˡ


3224 㳯Ҫ
ۿŹʱһһȥҶĶŭȻ
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ڳʲô£
ŭ֮£ҶȻΣҹһҪǱػʹֵ̽Ρ
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3225 Ѫ
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3226 ݽ
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3227 
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Ĵ½ģһ档
ݽ֮ҶһֱԭӪӪûãҶʹԼȻ뿪ֱǡ
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Ҳ̫˰ɣ򺣾Ĳӣ


3228 
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3229 ״²
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˧УƽĿƵĿҶ棬мֿҶ̬ȵ˼
룡
Ҷƽüëͬʱһ
Ҷеһ˿
һߣмּӵ˼
ҲҶԭ
ǲƾƲ⡣
ңҶҲ֪Ҫʲô
εǿϢ̤Ӫ֮Ӫڵʿѹơ
Ҳ򺣾Ǹţѵصľеľ񣬲ֱϢûе̱һء
߹еʿǻ亹ʿǿűŵأǵ־ûеء
ϢĵֽҶڵĹ졢ڵȵ죬Ҳؽҧɫס
ʾ
⣬ҶѾЩˡ
΢΢һͦһºޱȵϢ͸ס˴еĽ졣
ȻҶϢֻ컯۷壬ɱλ컯ϢѹƣҶϢУȴһĪº֮º͵Ϣϱƽλ컯ϢһټǿҲ޷ѹƷֺ
⣬⣬ƽ΢΢һ
ҶȴԵɡ
ҶϢУһϢԴԺ˵⣬ɢϢҶ׵ĵסλ컯Ϣѹ
ҲͬһɲǣҶͻȻ䷢֣ƽ˵Ϣ΢΢һ䣬øӵˡ
ҶϢӦУԼֻ컯˵Ϣ
Ҷһ
˵ΪҶƲһЩõĶ
磬ƽִǰʵϢʹſ̫漧Ŀǰܻûȫͻ׼
ֻǣ⿪̫漧Żһ
֪λ٣кμ̣Ҷſŷֱηʵ
ҶԪ˧ʵҶԪ˧仰˵
ޣҶĳϴҶ˵
ԭǱߣһֱҶԪ˧λԴɷĿǰĿ֮ټһݷأȫҶԪ˧⡣
մҵɾ֮գҶԪ˧ɿԱз͡
⣬ԣλĹҶԪ˧ĸ
⣬ҶԪ˧ʲôᣬܴӦģӦ˵
ԭļˡ
ⲻʲô
Ǹ
ĿǰĿ֮һݷأǴֱˣպ󻹿ԱҲǳˡ
ҪǣԭóĸŮҶ
룬㹻ߣҲ㹻г⡣
ƽȻĬȴΪޱȡ
Ȼʱ⣬ʶǷʱ۽ǵҲҶϣ۲ҶķӦ
Ҷ浱ʹӦλ
õģ֪ˡҶ˵ͷǲÿɷģͬʱü
ҶԪ˧˼ǣƢкǲˬֱʵ
ûȤ
Ҷܾ˸ɴ࣬ƽ΢
ɫȴǱѿޱȣмַ˼ȴסˡ
ҶԪ˧ǻԲһӦѡһλ״²ӣ˵
ŵһ˧ڣ΢˻
ƽڣҲɫ䡣
ŵջ̫ˣƽҶʹ˴ӦջͶС
ڴܣһѡ
̫漧ĴܣҲһѡ
״ӣ״²ӣűʵġ
״ֻ״ӣ״²ӣļ̳ߡ
ֻ֮ҪҶӦͱҶһ۷壬λ
룬㹻
ҶԪ˧ΣЦеģһš


3230 ѻв
ҶԪ˧ΣЦеĿҶ棬һš
ҶĲǣڡ졢㼸ˣԱôЩ
ȻԿǶջҲȽϴ
ô˵أȨĵλǱ˸ģʵĵλԼġ
ǵĴ˧ҶӦպ׵ĻΪʵȨӵ컯۷컯Ϊ
ؼ䣬컯мλ
ָ
ʱЩˣȻȻľһλ컯ıӻ׼ĵ붯ǣҶڣҲá
Ȼޱȶġ
෴ģƽȴǵģҶջ
ڸע£ҶعЦЦޱȵ⡢ЦУżſ
ЦƽеĵģȻɢȥˡ
״²ӣҲ̫ƲҶ˰ɣշҶ棬ȴ״²Ҳ᲻ãǹСģҶЦ
ϵ˲ȥɫѿȴǶسҶŭ߳
󵨣ʲô棬ǸӣȻӣֱ֪ߵغ񡣡
ҶЦͣסǰ̽һܣɱ͸ܱ˧ʲôǿҶ棬Ҷ泪Ϸ𣿡
ˣ죬߸ϲ֪ʮҲһҶĶ֡
˫۶صֲѹɢɱɢ˧УֻҪû󷨼ӳֵķѹ±ɷĩ˧ڣ쫷һ
ģĿɭҲ
ƽн䱸УЩԥ
ҶеԴ͵رĿĹ⻪컯˾۷Ϊ˲ر߶˼£סĹ졢㡢ڵˡ
ǣϾһλǿߡ
ȻǶ컯۷ǿߣΪҲߴ컯ڣʱѹȫſʮֵĿֲԶҶһܹԿġ
Ҷ滹ҪסΪֻеĹ졢ڵˣ˲Ϣͱ÷ѣ˵ó
ʱɭζЦ⣬
ҶԪ˧Ҫˣ´ƣ۵ûκõġ
κҪ赲´ƣֻһ
ֿѹҶЦʲô
Ϊɻң
һһٵ˵ĸ֣ҶԪ˧ûǶ࿼һ£
˵꣬һ̤컯ڵϢѹޱķųһɺһʱͳҶ
״Ҷ治ŭЦ
ÿˣֻǣҰҲʲôطҶľӪҶ߳
һĲмľӪΣֻҪԸ⣬˲Ϣ˼
ҵʮҵʮλ컯ᣬҲʷˣҶһĴЦ
ԣɫһ䡣
һԵĻƽȴǼˣΪҶҪһǴ
Ҳǿ̫漧ŵҶ컯һѾܵĵִ˱ӪܱߣھӪϿ󷨹ɵʱռ䵱С
Щ˵Уʮλ컯񽫾ʥλ컯ʥ
ֻҪЩ˳֣ϧ֮£ԿԸɵ
ǣҲ൱Щǰ¶ˡ
ضڵһʱʥ֮λע;裬ض׼һ̫漧ļƻ¾ҪӰ졣
ʱƽǵҶ涯ⲨԾ
Ǵʱ˿̣һֱαװ컯˾ΪĽ죬Ҳʲô޷ֹҶ棬ֻĿҶ
ȿ˵ɣ˵ЩѵҶһ֣ԭ˶ûע˧ΣͻȻޱӳ˵С
˵ģҶϢиһ֣Ϊ
⣬Ȼŭ
ǣǴˣû뵽ҶƣȻǲע⣬˧⣬ȻôĲá
ŭǣֱʱ˿̲ŷ֣ǾȻҶˡ
˧ǧ⣬򺣾Ѿ˧ʰΧ
۵ģټѾҽз״̬Ǵܾе˾µͺš
ʸȫǾƵģ޴󣬻䷨
֮£ǵ۷ǿߣһǣҲˡ
Ȼֳ鱬ħʸ򺣾ʿ
ʿʱһķʽгһְΧ˧ʵ񷶥ʽִ󣬴ӵµϣԲ㹻ʿΧһ㡣
򺣾ѾǼˡ
ʱ򺣾ȫֳһʮʸ鱬ħȫ׼˧ʡ
һǶʮ鱬ħʸ
۽ֱǣ򺣾Уÿ˵Уһ͸ĵĶ浯
Ķ浯һͶһС𺣣ȱǵǿߣҲ˵
ʵ󣬻鱬ħֻŵĶ浯һۣ˵ɱλ컯˶ѡ
һһЩǱЩˣͲˡ
컯ǿڶԷϵǿ
һϵѻǵ˺岢
ѻһͬʱ
ʱ䣬Ͳһˡ
Իˡ
ܻ޷ˣȴˣҴǵ
вǵģʿΧĶʮλ컯ɢſֲɱ䣡
˲Ϣ䣬˧ڣս̣


3231 ʹ˵
ʮλ컯ʥʮλ컯ˣλ컯񽫾ʥ
Ŀ컯Ҷ򺣾Ӫڣʵ
Ĵ󳣣һ֧ǲ䱸컯ǿ߾ͳսǾȥڻҡ
񹭣Ҳ鱨ġ
Ҷ澫䣬мλս顣
£Ҳᱻλ
Ǵʱ˿̣ÿһ񹭣Ա컯񽫵ս
λΪ컯۷ս飬е񹭣ԿԱ컯񽫺ڵɱ
ʱȫ
൱ʮλ컯񽫣ʮλ컯ΧȴǷһ
Ҫ£ʮλ컯񽫣ʮλ컯ˣܹλ컯һŰˣֻҪһʱ䣬
ڣȴҪǵ
򺣾ʿйй֮Ʊػˣǵ
ȻЩ˵ȫһͼпһ˲ɱǣ
ǵģв
ҶĲãȻλ컯ܵв
һּȻĸо
ЦȴЦ
һȺСһ⣬Ȼвǵ
ֱ
㡭ͬھ㡭𣿡Ȼܵвͻر÷ԴӳΪԺûܵв
ĶҶ棬ڵϢҵĲ
Ҷȴ촽һƣԿҸҲң
˲رñŭȴǸѹȥ
š
֮𣬷ŸЩ϶
⣬ϣɱʮɱ򣬶޷ֲʧ
ҶԪ˧㿼ǹ𣿡ĬȻʵ

Ҷٴ촽¶ѪЦ⣬һ̵ģǵв£нû죬ôʲôʹ˵
ԣͽȻŭ֣Ҳûʲôõİ취
ʵҲҶóʯ֮ߣ⣬ҲֻǱЭ
ҪַɱǣӦ뷢ĳǴ̡
ʯٵĸʺСʮ֮һ
ǣʮ֮һգԸλð
ǶĲ
䲻
Ҷ棬ȴпܸң
ؼʱ̣͸ʯ٣ͬھ
ԣҶһֶεʱλѾˡ
ţ
ţ
ҶĶλһƣһǲֵӡ
λȴԽԽѿ
ˡ
ںſ鱬ħ򺣾ʿϡ
ڵĳ򺣾ѵأҲһСʿֿʼ
һĳʿֶһ£е鱬ħ
ԾеϰԣЩ񾭽ʱ׼ʿʱͻ᱾ܵĺ
Ӧ֮£ҶеĲãһֲ
ʱҶԩԩǲ֪
Իĺԩܲʣ
ֵģ֮ɢİϢͿʼ
̫졣
յ̫죬Ҳǣ֮£ӦǾ̫ԩˡ
ҶԪ˧֮ǰңΧڵ㻹׷ӣϣܹĿһ¡
ˡ
£Ƿˡ
λ䲻ʹ˵ˣûȤҶȵ
ҶһˮĬȻϢȻûκҪֵ˼
ǣ˧⣬򺣾ָǣ
ȻҶԪ˧ûȤǾ͸ˣɫţ˵仰
ԣҶǿλҪ߰Ǻߣͣ
˻֣Χǵ򺣾ʱǳˮɢһͨ
ˣ򺣾鱬ħָŵͨУһһ뿪򺣾Ӫ
λǿԣ赽˼£
뿪ɲǣ򺣾Ӫķ󼴿̿򺣾Ӫڵ컯ȫ͸λҶ̤ɷ죬Ķ򺣾ӪϿյλ
գĶ򺣾Ӫ֮޺޵Ķ˶ţһ˲ϢԶȥʧ
򺣾ӪеĽ죬һ
λ컯ѹ治Ǹǵġ
ƽ𣬴ʱҶĿ⣬Ȼһˡ
ܵĲãӲλ⵨ıԣȱǷǸʱҲһһӢܣ
ȫ׼Σҹ֮ǰ
Ҷľܽ޲ȻӦŵƽ


3232 װ
ƻƽĸţҪҶ򺣾ӪУҪٽϵСģϰ
ƽ˵Ҫµʿͨսϰһսʱ״̬
ȻҶ֪ԴġҪеʿͨϰħ徫սϤħսʽ
ֻǼƻϲϱ仯
ͻȻִ򺣾ӪвнҶ棬˺ʽ뿪
˵ʵҶĿǰĵƣλǿߵ͵Ϯ
ҶΪ֤ټϴǰ׵Ľ⣬ҶԺ޹˼ɵĶʱռǱޡ
ȻҲͼµʱ䣬ʱռڣǽʱˡ
һΣҶʱ佫ʦŵմһЩͨطɹ
ŵܹаԿǿĴеģĴ֮һ½룬ǿɲǸǵġ
ֻǵ½봫Ҷͨطǿ󣬸ǣǰһҶûʱ䣬ҶΪ̫ͣҲûл
ҶΪ쭣ҶڿЩǿŵͨط
һŴеͨط˵Ҷֱնɱһλ컯ǻ̫ܣǽҶһλ컯ǿߵ͵Ϯɱȴûκġ
Ҷĵڡ
Ҷ治λ컯͵Ϯ򺣾°
յһͨطɱΧƼ£֮ܡ
ǴǰľɳĻƽʥǽ񷣣򺣾Ӫҹҹ״̬컯ҹ䱸ս
ҪȻ򺣾Ͻʧء
ֻǧûǧշ
ԣǱȥĵһʱ䣬ҶΣλ󽫾ƽûκҲΪԭ
ǰδһϵе⡣
ⶼԽ򺣾͸ţеѵصľš
ΨһĹؼ⣬ǻƶеһεоսƻ
ԭƻҶ桢졢ڡƽڵĸ߼ıһƶϸսƻ౸սƻ
ڣΪλвȫˡ
ֻо;ƶ
Ȼⲻ󣬵ִ֮ƶսƻ϶©
һʱ䣬Ҷ󽫾æ
˧оٶȣҲ򺣾ҪǰѪͬһʱִսԼص㡣һεֺҪ⡣
ֻߣѪŽоٶȣͬʱ˵һѡ
ʵĵڶǱȽϺʵġ
нսҪǷֱĻ£ΪΣա
֮󣬻ƽҶ˧ڡ
ҪΣ򺣾ѪŵװˮƽһоٶȲĴͻϮشһ֮ǰǲҪֱĻ˧ǣѪŽоٶȣ򺣾оٶȱһ¡Ҷֱ˵
ԣƽȴüͷҶԪ˧λʱ䱦ϵ̫ã¶ĿԽ࣬׼ҲԽ࣬޷սĿˡ
򺣾װٶ޷Ѫŵġı¶ֻзֱѪִеһ׶εͻϮսԡҶ˵
⡭
ƽԥ
Ѫִеһ׶εͻϮսԣⱾûģѪҲɡ
ǣһƾðһ֧ţôź죬ػ⵽ĳ顣
һ飬ͻᷢɵ㡣
һãͻƻ̫漧Ĵƣ̫漧Ĳá
Ǻɾضˡ
ʵϣ֮ҶΪ󽫾ѪҶ棬ʵǽҶͷѡ
һҶ󽫾ʴͻϮʤȻ飬ĵһʤȻġ
ҶĹ⻷Ҳڸ̫漧ȡ䱦Ĳʱ䡣
ҶԪ˧ʵһѡ񡣡ƽ𾭹ݵ֮󣬾µľ
ޣʲôѡ񣿡
򺣾װ˵
ҶĿͻһѪװľθװ޽ǻУ
УҶһ϶Ĵ𰸡
еĻôװ֮򺣾ѪţͿԱͬоٶȡ
սװò˶ʱ䣬ֻǴؽ޽͹Ҫʱ䡣Ҷ˵
ҶԪ˧ʵװھͿԡ˵
ţھͿԣҶüëһǾȻ־޽ֹһңһǳҪ
ЦҶԪ˧޽;޴ǾĽӿռ䣬ӿռڣҲ޷ͨ޽
ǣ
ǸҶԪ˧һλʥЦţַһѶ
λʥҲһеʥԱʵָߣҶԪ˧ʲôҪĻλʥһȫҶԪ˧ġ
ƽеġʥˡĸ֣Ҷ氵о㤲ѡ
ûƽλ󽫾Ϊʥ˵Ĵڣ˭أ
뿪̫漧׼ܴʦ塣
һˣҶͷһ
λܴʦ׼Ǹǰ൱һλˣ
Ҷ澪ɼ䣬һ⾶ֱҶǰ΢΢ǰ㣬Ҷ΢΢֡
ʥģҶԪ˧
λܴʦ׼壬Ҷһ
ҶЩ񲹹Ŀ¼еĳڣͷٴξ


3233 Ƿ֮
ģλȨ֮һ
ʽڴһͳ֮ԳȨǵλΣǹ̶ġ
ģĴȨΪ߾ıԲ֣ϲɲ֮󣬳ɾͺƺƵ޿赲ıƣս֮
Ǵ׼ұۣҲǿ̫漧صı֮һ
֮ģһıһĴڡ
ܹûƢ֡
ͻȻ䣬Ҷͷ峤Ϳģ֪ͿϺ˭Ƶ˭
ڻռĳڣʲôͿͻȻһ磬һĺɡ
ҶԪ˧֪򺣾Ҫ޽ͻȻֵģʡ
ʷҶһ
Ϊţ߿̫漧޽²١
ҪȻѯʵġ
˵֮ǰҶѵı֣ӮǵΡ
ţһ򺣾һʮʵ򺣾һʮϺڵĻ䣬ӦҪ޽Ҷ汨һ֡
֣ƽһ
ΪĿǰʮ򺣾ֻҪ޽ͿԣҶһȴҪңҪ򺣾װĽࡣ
ңãҶԪ˧ھͽգĴӦĺʹ죬ƽĿͬʱһƳȴûκ
Ҷһ
ѪָߣǰλĴȨģƽ
ӦþģڰпָһС
ҪȻ޽ľĲһڴӦ衣
˧ɡҶָָĿȫ䵽ϣҶܺ棬Я޽ġ
ѵҶеһ챦
ֻͨط
˧ʣ΢Цųһ֣һСҼ
ҲôСҼͻȻ󣬱һΰõȴ͸޾ζĴɽ
˲Ϣ䣬ɽǻ˹һ³һǧɡɵ޽
Ҷ˲ؾ鱦ɽ
ҶûõľȻĸ鱦ɽ
Ĺ䡣
Ҫı֮£˵һҲˡ
˵鱦ô׾ܹߵġ
ЦЦҶһ䣬ҶԪ˧üʶȷʵ鱦ɽȴֻ鱦ɽķѣȴ鱦ɽɵͨܣҲǲ
ɣ
ǸҶ澪ȵ֡
鱦ֻһԼıԴϢȻǿԻģǴ£鱦ķȻܲߣһԣܾбɵܣƵġ
бһܵģǳټΪҪֳһƵıԴ
鱦ɽķȻӵбɵܣͷǳˡ
鱦ɽԼǼƷ鱦ôӳ£Ѿǿ鱦֮һ
ǷֻɵܣӳܣҲͨ鱦ˡ
֮ŵ鱦ɽķҲһʵ鱦
ƺʶҶɻ΢ЦŽ͵ޣݴսʱɽı屻ǿߺһ飬ıƬ˷ԲܷǷ
Ҷͷ֮ʣжĴø׽֮⣬漴ȴְԾϵĸԼϺ򽻵һҪССġ
ҪȻôˣ¶֪
תۼ䣬ɢźպ޽һְڿҶǰԼ׵Ŀ͸ַţû˿ˮ
Ҷù졢ڹ֮ʣȴǶһ֣̾ѡ
һ֣Ѿмı֮ˡ
ôκͽޱĸ裬ɹҶĺøУѪ򺣾֮ĸң˲ʧ˴롣
˵Ӵ˿Ѫ򺣾ѾһΪһŵĻ
ϾݺΣ򺣾£ܹܾ
鱦ɽķٵС»һ׹ҶĿ⣬ͻȻ˸鱦ɽķ֮ϣĴš
ǶĿ⣬˭ԿɣԾģҶǶ鱦ɽķзǷ֮롣
ƽüͷͬʱһ壬ҶΪЩ
ֻģһЦ⣬ôҶԪ˧ɽķȤ
ɽķɷ벢Ҷ涨Ŀɽʡ
Գһ磬ȻǷƣֻҪʱ䲻̫ǿԵġĴ
ã
ʥɽһãɷ񣿡
һƽɫ䣡


3234 ɽ
ȻǿԵġɹŵ΢ЦӦͬʱѾûκԥĽŵɽ£˫ֵݸҶ档
ƽһģȻ˾Ҳֻأֻһ㬵Ŀš
Ҷ濴ģͻȻЩͷۣˣһ޷
ԼһǷֵҪ󣬴Ӧ͸ʹ죬һЦݣ˿κλɺԥ
֮ˣԸʹȻأ
ǴĳЩԤУ϶Ҷ˾޺ģŴӦʹ죿
Ҷģ϶Ǻߡ
ǰɵôܳۺģպա
Ǻߣܹڵʯ֮жϣǹֲһ档
ӹɽҶͷȴ˼֮̽
һɽҶٴεʥɽĿƷأ
һƽɫıˡ
ֱǰɽҶһãҲֻǽ衣
ƷҶ棬Ǿ͸ûʲôˡ
Ҫ֪ɽ鱦ɽķ޷ģֻĿƷ߶ơ
һƷҶ棬͵ͬڽɽҶ棬պֻҪҶκ˼Ӱ쵽ɽǶɽĿȨ
Ӱ켫
ɱ΢ЦϤĵĻƽѾЩˡ
ڴˡƽֻǹֳƺһû˵ʲôڳˣҶ滹ģ׻ƽ˼
ͬʱƽ˵ҲĹ֣ڴˡʾƽˡ
˵˼ײҪؿǣɽĿƷ̫Ҫˡ
ҶԪ˧ҪɽĿƷȻǿԵģҶԪ˧ҪӦңҶԪ˧ٲýɽĿƷκˡ
ȴѾɽĿƷݸҶ档
Σ۵ҶȻˡ
ɽĿƷţô׵ͳˣ
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Ҷӵ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫռ鱦˵Կռ䷨ĸǼġ
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3235 
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鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪĻش𣬽ֱӶɱҶһҪľ¼ƻ
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·Ҫǳ⣬ɽ˽ô죿
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״ҶȴǹЦ
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3236 һս
ݡ
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3237 ѹʽն׼ƻ
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3239 һ·
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3240 ȥ
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λ컯˿ûıս֣컯񽫾Կԡ
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صĵ˵ͷ޽ۻع飬ֻҪͶԴʱ䣬
컯컯дԴҲǲʱ͵ġ


3241 о
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3242 ֮ϲ
߿У˸ŴĿ޽ߵһһ·򱱡
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Ҿ޽󽫾ҶģǿĿܹ޽װƮģϥĽʿ
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һֻ֮ǴһʹżʧֻδΪδսľ﷢

˧ڣҶʥĶȡ
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˵ҶҡͷЦֻҪпܣܲµĵͲԽԽһϸͳ˧ඡ
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Ͼڴ֮ǰͱ֪ͻϮܻ컯ͻϮ׼
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ϲֱƲֵ컯񽫣ֱҶ档
ţ˺㣡


3243 Ϊ
ǣ߸ϰˡ
ǰҶ򺣾Ӫ˱̸ϼǺޣϣҪҶһʹĽѵ
ԣ콢֮󣬷ֶ콢װϵľȻҶĵһ˲䣬Ʋ¶ֱ֣Ҷ棬ͼ֮ƣɱҶ档
ٶȼ죬˲˽װϿգͻȻͷ֣ǰڽ׵λĿս飬λ񽫵˻£ֱɢˡ

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ԭļƻӦʩչͨһɱҶ档
ʱȴЩԥˡ
ʱ֣¾һͷλİΧȦС
ܹҲøһĴۡ
ԥ֮ʱ죬ͻȻһӰ
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ĵ̷֮£ʵͨ鱦㶼ޣ˲Ϣ䣬ܵвȣ
ң


3244 ĺ
ң
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컯޷ƥ컯񽫡
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˵һٶ컯˵Ĳս˫ʵȵС
컯ˣٿǣʮʮλ컯񽫣λ컯ƣ˲رƽ˴롣
ǵһʱ䣬ָЩ컯˳֣ǽΧ
һǾԲͬ
컯ˣȴЦٴһ컯˾ʥشеĴзɳ˲ӭԭոս컯ˡ
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֮ǰЩ˱սˣȴǲˡЦ
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컯˵İ컯ǣ̵ܹʱڻɱʮλ컯񽫡
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˺;־֮£Ҳʧȥ˼֡
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졭ҿţ
ҿ˽֮ģҪȻһεʧ޷ˣ
ˣǾȫһˡ
ȥ
߳һһССĻ⣬ţ


3245 鱦
һССĻ⼫ͻأĳУ˲ϢųһСӣڣһͷ񿥵Ľӭճড
СӳֵɲǣҶڵ̫ŽȾͻòʧ
飡ҽϢ
Ҷ˲رޱȡ
УСӭǣտ̤סӣ·ʮΡ
ÿӶһΣһǴһɢſֲµ̫зɳɽ֮Σ壡
̫ɵĽڳɲǣĴ½ոĴգ·ܵĳĪٻһⶸرʮϡ
ؼĻҲһɲǻԾϡ
̫ĽڳɲǣؼĻƺҲһ˲䱻ˣһģؼһϵط
˲Ϣ䣬սķͻһƬ𺣡
ͻȻȼĻ𺣣Ȼɱ̫𣬵Ǵʱؼӳ֮£ҲǾˣһʥǣ컯˾ʥæңæӦҡ
ȼɲǣһ컯컯˵ѹ˲
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ϢҶڵԴһֱ˿ĸо
鱦
鱦
̤տҶ沢ʶǽϢϣҶͫΪ֮һ
տʹϢҶǿ컯ĻҪǿϼ֣Ϣмֱ֮⡣
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޷ܵĻϢ
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ңһλΪﵽ²Ҵ컯żڵǿߴ߶鱦ӳܣҶһ컯˴߷鱦ܣҲر
ҲͬһɲǣһʥȻ
սȣ

鱦սȣ
в鱦սֻһǣսȵͷȴǼѹ鱦
ԭ򣬾սɱǽֵĺպ֮ϡ
ʱԳ֣߶鱦սȣ˲Ϣ͸ıս֡
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ɱ鱦սȣѶ
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鱦ԪڣҶսӳ죬Ӧûʲô⡣
ĸһҶ氲ĵ΢Цһ֣Ҷ鱦ɽ͵طɳһã޷ɲǣȴǻ˹һ͵ſ˾޿ڡ
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ҲܵӰ졣
ɽ뵲סսȣУտЦսӣл𺣸̫ٴμ١
գһ۾ŷտͻȻ¶һģǸִᦵġտȻˣ
տȻüǰʥʲôˣװʲôβǣ
ǸִᦵͯǸͬʱˣ϶ˡ
ԳһЦͻ鱦ɲֹУ
ȥ
һ߳ŵһ۵ССӡطɳȻ΢΢һųޱߵĵɫ⡣

һɫ֮ؼЩط˲عƽ
ոڴսȴ߶¸Ļ𺣣˲ɢ
Ļϵطĵֱڵأ˲һƽ羵鱦սĺĴգҲ˲ر䰲ˣϢ˲ʻء
ؼҶ˲ؾͻظ
һظ͵ͬʮֻ估ʥ̫ʧȥһؼļӳ벹䣬ֻ鱦սȱ
ܴ
ʥвǴ
һʥʱͷſֽš
ѹ١
еտȴûһ˿һĻҡ
Ǭķ鱦ķҲǴֱˡ
ԶǷң鱦Ҳ÷˭ڴ߶
ЦţζرʵʣһôҫţӨ͸֣ס鱦սȡ
һȣؼϯոȥĺĴվͷһ沼ա
𺣸
һ˲䣬컯˾ʥ˷ɻң꣬ڻл˷ɻҡ
ɢ
ʥ˾ʥǱˣҽ


3246 ƹ
տȫ߶鱦ս֮£ٴ졣
Ĵ߶鱦ɽǾһе棬ͬһɲȴǸ֮࣬
ΪҪǣոձǬѹؼĻϵطտȫ߶£սȵ£ٴθ֡
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Ȼѹסˡ
ν˳ˡ
Ǭ޷ѹһطͺĴգ֮طͺĴյʱӳֵ˴սıҹ֮ϡ
ʥѹǣǣһ¶ϲ֮ɫ
֮ǰʱͻȻ˷ܵŭţĹйһλʥ
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ĵ̻άţһ̶ǿߵжҪȻĻʱʥѳʰơ
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Էտʵ׶Ĵ߶սȡ
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ó̫ãֻҪǾȫƣʥǣͻվˣ䡣
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׼ȷ˵˺Ĵ½ġ
Ҳ̾Ϣɲǣǵӿ̫漧Ժɳ⣬Ǭģ
˲Ϣ䣬ɫĺ͸


3247 Ų̫
ϿգǬɢɫ͸Ĵ½ؼ䣬ͻȻͽһּ亱״̬
еһУȶޱȡ
ΪԭǴ߶طǿߣͻȻ;ֵķ֣طûжˡ
ľܹ߶ط򣬴Ӵ˿ͳͳͣ͡
һǿߣ׷׾ֵĿգ֪ʲôˡ
ҲͬһɲǣĴ½е컯ϵĴڣ׷۾صķ
컯ǿطǧ˿ƵĹϵѾܹӦָԴ
ͬһʱ䣬ޱǿϢӸ״̬ѹ˲ؾͿϿյķ
ǿϢ缫һֱϿգ⼸λϢֲȵĴڣڵһʱŪ׷ʲô¡
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֮ǰڴսȵǿҳ±ɢ⡢һؼƵѹȱڣһɲǼȫָ
ˡ
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ȱȱ䣬ҲҪԼһ
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Ǻָߺ֮ɲǣоͳ


3249 
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ͬһɲǣϢ˲컯۷塣

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ǣҶϢȴڲϵţ˳һһ˸߹һˡ
Ҷʱڰٱʱ仯֮£ϸ΢Ĺ۲ؼǿߵĽе±仯ջࡣ
ǰΪ컯˾۷޷ͻƵ⣬ӭжⲻ˵Ҷ֤˼·
ͻȻ䣬Ҷʱռп޼ʮ޷ͻƵ컯񽫾ˮһͻˡ
ȥǵѪĿһҶ棬¶Ȼ֮ɫ
컯ǿߣսͻƣ⻹ǹټġ

Ķʥµһ룬üͷ
ҴǿߣΣʱѾûȫ˳˺սȦ
Ҵ컯񽫣Ҳ󲿷˳˺սȦ˵󣬵ǳԭµ컯ˣֻ˳ķ֮һнķ֮һΧɱС
ʱտĴ߶Ӷ鱦սȣֲ̫赲һ׷Ŀܡ
༸ʵִԣƿգһɽٺ컯컯񽫣컯ˣ˲Զ롣
սһ컯ˣź
Ǳˡ
µˡ
оߣʹߣͶߡ
ʥǣһչʲô顣
̶̼֮󣬱Ķʮλ컯ˣλ컯񽫣䡣
Ǭѹ֮£Щǻɢţ컯ͥνҲûκô
ؼ䣬Ѫ
ƽӰսǧ֮⡣
򺣾Ĵͱǧ֮⡣
ʱսƽȴӦҶ򺣾ͳͳսз˳Щ򺣾ʿһؼŨµѪꡣ
սǰҶԤϡ
ҶɲŹ׳Ļᡣ
зԸ
ϵ򺣾ʿͻƣھеҶٿ޼˾Ҳϵͻơ
ҶңǧˣҲڲؼѪ꣬Ϣš
ⳡѪ꣬˵ǧѷ꣡
УµĵңңĿһطĴĿĮȻ
ȻȴѪսڡ
µĿɨ˰ڣͷ޲Ȼ
µĿ⣬ȴͣҶϣͻƵҶ棬ͻȻһ֮УϢ
Ͽգ̾ʵĴɳֵƲ
Ϣ֮еĵʧĿɢȥҶȴˮ߻һɴ⣡


3253 ս֮ʢ
УѪ㡣
ֻûһʼճ
սȦ֮⣬ʮ򺣾ϥԼ̺طϢѪꡣ
λ컯ʮλ컯񽫽λ컯֮ؽµѪ꣬ڳĴ˶ԣǴ֮
ЧЩƷĵر
ʮ򺣾УͻƵϢ˷
ͻƵҲͻƵͻƵġ
һսһ£򺣾ʵǳ
ȻЩ򺣾ڲָǿȵѵ벻
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ؼ併µѪ꣬ǵ߶ԣһ־ϵҪСĶˡ
ȻҲ÷־硣
ͬһ鵤򺣾ͨ񾳵ʿΪ˲Ϣ䱩ǵͨ۷塣
ӸĽ죬ȴֻ˵Ϊӽڡ
ʱؼ併µѪ꣬ʮ򺣾ս컯µļ˾컯ˣһſ鵤
ң鵤Ϊ˴컯񽫺컯Լλ컯ԭ鵤Ŀ㹻ࡣ
㹻ڳÿʿΪһء
ܹ٣Ϳ˵Եˡ
ڴܶԣⳡսһǰδеĴݡ
Ĵ½ԣⳡսȵĸı䲢Ĵ½պơ
򺣾ԣһʵʢ硣
򺣾ҶĿ޼˾ֻھŽٽ̣ھеʦηɰףͨۻԣˡ
ĳڱ򺣾ӪʱҶ֪̫漧϶ڳﱸһϷ
Ҫǿ̫漧ʮһλ컯ϰλ컯ֻΪɱԭļʮɵӶš
ҶжϣһγӦûд컯ˣٵ컯䣬пһλ컯
ʱ컯֮ؽµѪ꣬һѵõĻ
Ĵ½ڣߵ£ûнݾߵġ
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Ҷ󽫾һγȴһ
ҶԤ컯˿ܻϰ٣컯񽫿ܻᳬʮλǶʮλпһλ컯
Ĺģ䣬Ƕ߶ԣһѷԵ
ԵҶʱռǱҲ޷ĽݾͻԵ
ʱռǱޣֻܻΪ޷طľ硣
ǣ콵Ѫȴԣ߼У
֮ƣʵӲ
ȻҶԤϣûŹһδʵĻᡣ
ԣڳǰҶ˰š
ʦ㡢ԡ顢оʥƺʥԼµľԼػŵĲ־ȫ򺣾ڡ
һ򺣾ʵ򺣾սǿսϵʧС
ǿǸⳡΪʢ磡
ǰеѲ񽫣ѲԻúôǶӦ֮⡣
Ҷ򺣾Ѳ񽫡Ѳٲ˵ġ
Ȼʥ֮̽ãϣһͳ˧ҪǴ⿿ˣǾ͸ûʲô
Ȼⳡʢٲǵ󽫾Ҷ档
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ȻȻģΪͻƵ컯񽫡
һ˵Ϊͻһ󾳽֮Ҫһʱȹ̣ǵ컯
ҶȴһΥ̬
ΪͻƵ컯֮ϢĲȴûֹͣҡ
ڼ̵ʱȹ̵컯񽫳ڣһ˸߹һ˵ϢڶʱֽҶϢһء
ûдﵽ컯ڣǣ컯ڻһ֮ң
ԭҲܼ򵥡
Ȼ˵ǰҶλ컯նһСԴǰ£Сֻط֮
ǻսУСǽ˺ԼҶ棬ŵġ
ǻսУСλ컯˺һλ컯񽫵ԴڶʱڷԪ鰢Ԫ£ӽʱռ䡣
ֻսոսСȲ⼸ڵԴҲ˲˷Ѳ˷ѣȫˡ
һսеġ
º淢֣컯һսˣڵȴû飬Ȼһ·׷׷鵽飬ӿɾʹˡ
һսҶ˵ջ޴
Ҷ񹭵ɱΪնɱλ컯ɱ׳󣬾һ׮޷ĺô
Ҷģ۵ɱ֮ܣе񹭣Ѿﵽ鱦ĳ̶ȣһ鱦
ȻΪջģɲҶ滹򺣾
ʱ˿̣µһʥҴȫ˾ʥʮǼ¼ǧռҲڵһʱȫؼѪ̺
Ȼ˵ǵĶ򺣾һᣬһ컯㹻࣬컯֮µѪ꣬ƺ㹻յġ
ȻҲź
ҶΪͻƵ컯񽫳۷֮ؼѪ̺طϢҶѾûˡ
ȻҶţǳʱ㹻ҶΪ˵ٴͻء
ʹˣҿҪٴδԸͻأģҵҶԺ


3254 ŵܣ
ʹˣҿҪٴδԸ
ҵҶȻͷȴӿһϲ
ͻƣ
λս֮׵ˣȻҪͻˣ
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һǴսʱΪʱ
ʱ˿̣Ϊ̺ŸطϢѪ꣬ȴ֣صҶԸֻһܡͻƣ
ҪͻˣҪԸ֧֡
֮ò˶ãҶͻһλ컯񽫾䣬ﻹӵп鱦ܵ񹭡
Ҷԣǳش
䣬ǿԿԽ󾳽սġ
㹻ľ£֮ǰͿشնɱ컯񽫣в컯
Ϊ컯۷ͻƵ컯񽫣Ҳʹҽӵشɱ컯
ɱӦֻͨ컯
ͻ֮󣬽ӵв컯񽫾ǿߵǿȷġ
֮Ҷ¶һλӵ컯սǿߡ
ҶԼټλ컯սںĴ½ҲһɲСˣ
ңֻҪԸܹͻˣôҲյλս飬ӦҲԶˡ
ڻͻƵ컯񽫣Ҳò̫á
պֻҪҲͻƵ컯񽫣Ҷӵ컯ǿǿߣͻ
һɼǿҪõúãֻҪǵߵĴڣںĴ½ˡ
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ԣյͻˣҶȻźߣǣȴԱĵ
ͻƵ컯񽫣Ҷɲӵ컯սô򵥡
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ǵĴˣֻһͻƣľ޴ҪʮԸ
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лʹˡȻѺˣҺܸˡ
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ԽµֳĲҪĳ̶ȣʰҶĿԣġ
Ѫڳ
һλ컯ˣѪ궥һӡ
콵ѪѾһʱµ㹻㹻࣬㹻򺣾˾
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ͻȻ䣬ҶϢ͵һٴΰθһء
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Ҷһͷάգȴǿʼ۲ս
طƥĵޣƺ
սܱߣʮλʥĴСǸأʱȫսܾ䡣
е򺣾ʥǻ
ıĿ˸ȴˡ
֮ǰȫ֣˵һ˲ᡣ
һͬģʮѪţҲǸš
⸴ŵĽʿǣƽһʥǣѪУľһӡ
ûûһ˿һѪꡣ
ЩûʥǣвҶЩ죬ڻؾڣҶǡ
ȫǿ̫漧طʥ
һĻҶͷ͵һʱʶһ¡
⣡
Щ̫漧ĸźʹʥǣ϶Ҷ治֪ܡ
⸴ź͸ʥǣ˾ţʥǣʱѪϴ£μһ
ʲôԭɵأ
ŵĸطµĳЩ⡣
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ⱳ󣬿п̫漧ı㡣
һʱ䣬ҶЩۡ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷǰ磬Ϊ֮һ塣
ȴǡѪͣˣ


3255 Ľ
̺طɹѪͣˣ򺣾ʱʹ״̬иգţʼɨսµǽΪٴγ׼
ֻǰʮǸӴĿ¶ѵصľеľǽҪʱġ
Ҫһӡ
򺣾Ҫʱ
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ֻǰսУΪûв뵽Уã򺣾ȴҪܵǽ
ʱ䣬Ҷ桢ġƽ𡢹졢ھһ𣬽һʱ顣
սսѾȫͳϲ
ս𣬴棬򺣾ļԱֻĸĸùļһ
ǰʱΪԭҲǱ̫Ͷɵ콵Ѫֻ̫࣬ǹȱݣʱ
սԱûУΪ򺣾ûвս
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յе޽˧ڣȫ١
һʼֻ޽٣ȫǿտ߶սɵ١
ҲΪأ޸һ£ǿõġ
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Ҫ׻ָҪʱ䣬Ҫҩĵرˡ
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˶ʱʧȥսʮˣ߸룬һѪ꣬Ȼָ룬иͻơ
ʥһˣսˣʥʮˣսʥʮһˣսսνǳˡ
ǰħߴսսǴܽԶļ¼Уһս
ǣսȴҲӵľˡ
նɱ컯λ۷컯һλ컯һλ컯λ
նɱԭ컯ʮλԭ·ֱս컯ʮλʮλ
컯񽫰λԭµ컯λһʮλ컯Уλ״̬֮ڣٳˡ
ս컯ˣҪǼԭµģԭ컯У뻹ǳ컯ˡ
ԭһλ컯ˣֻжʮˣսʮλ
նɱˣ컯ʮλ컯ʮλ
Ŀǰԣնɱ컯˵Ŀû̫Ҫս塣
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ֻҪ㹻ԸͿһ컯
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Ϊʲôô˵أ
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һ֪ǿߣӵλĿɽһλһǿߣսϾͱȲɽˡ
ɽնɱһλʹɽֱӱȥɡ
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ǿߣϼߴɡ
⻹ǵֵս
ӽǿ֣߳¾Ҫӿˡ
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սսڵһʱ伱ء
ҶԪ˧սԽľжкĴ½ĸ֣Ӱ켫޴ϷģΪ˸սбҪһ֮ǰսԼƻĵıˣȴμӽ»顣
ȷʵˡҶͷȻ׳һ򣬡˧⾭һİţʥ㿴
ҶݳɲǣһɫͻȻ䵽ĵϣһſ̫漧ӡŵ
˵Ŀ⣬ʱͼееϣǿ̫漧ָʾʥּ
ֻģָʥּĿľ֮£ĵûҶ󽫾
ζù졢ڵ˵飬ʱͽ
Цţгüͷ΢΢һ壬ЦһǱµһ⡭飬ҶԪ˧ҪҪȿ


3256 ļ
Ҷӹνıµһ⡭飬ƽ˶ĿҶ棬һɲҶðһ佫ܣ
ڴŸų򺣾֮ǰǻƽֻģʮġ
ԼҶν󽫾ΪһģҲֻܳΪһġ
ӴǾͷǴˣ
ûԽҶ򺣾
򺣾ʵȳʱǿˡ
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ҲңҲǴĸŷͬһ㣬ߵĽʿǸǳε
Ҫǻһľţƾ⼸δʤҶѾˡ
ЩҲѾ֣ǰǵõҶ棬Ĳ
ʢ֮ʿ
ʱ˿̣ҶҪһ佫ܣǽĽҲԸ⿴Ľ
ҶĿԿ̫漧ġݣֻ΢΢һƽڣΪš
Ϊ󽫾⣬ʵңǧָӣ󽫾ĸ֣ĳĴɶǴɣ
ŵĻƽģҶ̾һ
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ţҶݺݵĽеĽӵ˻ƽϡ
۱ƽλ󽫾ôŶҪҶĤݵģʱ˿̣ƽȴæҵĽסȰҶ档
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ܣǻʵһ˶£ǻʵ干£̫漧ǿư£ǿһ㡣
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Ҷ̤ȫµ˧ʱ⣬ոձҶܴһʮԸңϢʼĳ컯񽫣

ػʹյһĵĽ֮󣬿̫漧ǵɴһ۾ϸϸĿ飬󣬾ͷЦ
Ц̾ϿյĴҲͷ˼ۡ
ûĵȴˣǴɻ
Ǭظ߿ա
ĵսƻȻ޵İŲıϣҶ棬Ĳ̫漧š
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ӭſ̫漧Ŀ⣬뷢԰׵ںĵ˵ͷ
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һֱһԵĺγӢˡ
֮ǰʲôƷ
¶ѣػʹڼϵУոƷڣһԾΪؼһͷ
ԾػʹڵúϵĴ

Ӧ˵ֿȣ
Ժ󣬾γӢҲÿŵֵɫ
Ϊţ֣˵ʵ۵ķۡ
ܹܣƺôܴԽԽһˡ
£λǣѾڹ⣬¡γӢҵһڸС
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ʤȻʤߵ̬̫漧һӣЦֻЦ⡣
죬Щ˴յĻǹȫİڣǼ£׼ôˣ̫漧ʵ
ر£󲿷Ѿʵ֤Уֻȱˡں͹
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㳯붮ڼܹܺγӢȴһ±ơ

ƺûɣ
ּȺǬݣ
γӢӦʱ򣬿̫漧һȴúγӢë
ּѲ˾


3257 ħδ
ħʥɽ
ħʰ껣ħ֪֮ħʦԶվɽۣɽϷԶһ̨һĽ
̨УŴ֪ϣ
̨ɢƮҡ޶⣬ħʰ֪ħʦԣ㶼֪ϣģ
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ͨ£ֻмҪ£Żᶯ鱦һιƴܵħߣûжá
ɼһĸӡ
֮ˣȻ֮ǰսġ
ԭҵ컯ǿɱΪߵħ壬ɽۻֱ֣Ҫ̫á
ħУĳ̶ֳϽҲħδĵˣ˭ʤ˭ܣֻҪҶʧħԣǺ¡
սȴǳеϡ
ˣ
£һܵĿ΢΢
ǣˣǴܣ
ڵֵ£Ұܣ
컯λ
õϢʱħʰ껾סˡ
Ӵսʼûãħɳ˼ٶõƣһλӰħ컯񽫴̽ս鱨
Ȼҿ̫սĻսģǸˡ
һλ컯棬һʮһλ컯
ȻʵԱУԻռƣҲޡ
նɱһλ컯ҲǳѶȡ
ǵֵ¡
ȴеλ
ɲħ岻ӣ
һǰҶ򺣾ħռĺݰ׳ǿ׳ǿפħħʶ̫׷µĴ½ϹȥԮħڰ˷оܹµĲִ
ϰľ˵һλ컯ʮλ컯񽫣ʮλ컯ˡ
ʱ䣬컯䣬ʮλ컯ֻӳλʮλ컯ӳߣʮˡ
֮ǰϹħ洡
μħʰ֪ϣһֲõԤС
ܣƺһˣ
ħ컯ߴλˣʥȴȫúõġ
ս𣬲ȫɱҼȲѧ
£֮սһնɱһλ䵥ߣҲø޴Ĵۡ
ڣλȴúõġ
δ֪Ĳǿ־ġ
Դ֪ϣԥ̨̤Ȼ߶˲֪ûжùǣԤ
У֪ϣͷƯ͸˿߲ķȣͻȻ俪ʼŴ֪ϣĹԣҲʼ
ħʰ֪ħʦԣͬʱ
ҲһɲǣͻȻԱ䣬˷ռ˿ߣһ
У˿ߴжء
ԵĶУ̨ϵĴ֪ϣĹԣҲ֮䵽£Ȼ˲ݻ
һɲǣ֪ϣпѪֱӴ̨ϵ
֪һ鱦ǣҲ޹⣬תŶݻ˴֪ϣڡ
ħʰ껵ˡ
һԤֽ֣ȴû뵽ǰִ֪ϣѪĽ֡
֪ħʦ͵ڿն𣬱ס˴֪ϣ

ʱ֮ɽ۵ľڣ֪ħʦԵľ£֪ϣŻתֻֽȻԤʱܵķɼأ
ħʰæǰʩʦˣʦָ㡣
֪ħʦЩŭˣ֪ϣģˣħʻ׷ʣݺݵĵһħʰ껣ȴ֪ϣĿֹ
ˣ
еġȫˣ
ϷѾδˣֻ˵塭ûδԲġ˵ţϣҵĿֿȳ˴ŵѪ
ħʰȴˡ
ûδ
⡭
ģӦǾԲģ
֪ħʦԵ飬Ҳޱȵء
ʦ֪ϣʱ͸¶Ϣʵ̫ˡ
ûδǿ޷
Ҫ֪Ƕ̨֪һе鱦ǵ¡
ʦǡǡ
ʱ˿̣ħʰ껣ҲЩ״ˡ
ˮ͡
üΣգħʰ껴¡
ǣ벻ģδ֪ģȴħʰͷһ޷ݵѹȸУ
ոƽĴ֪ϣ˫ü壬ȫɻ
£δߡѾϷܹԤˡպ£ƾȺߡȺɣ֪ϣ˵
ȺȺħʰȻ
ħڲҲܳͽִ飬ǰȫɴ֪Ԥġ
ͻȻ䣬ħʰ껾͸ܵ޷ݵѹ
֪ϣӣħʰҲٴţ͹һ񣬡ʦȺúý죬ʦ
ħʰתŵɲǣ֪ͻȻˣˣδżҪĹϵһҪעⲢǡ
ˣϷڷԤʱΨһĿ
ԣħʴϲæ
֪ϣû˵ֻ¼һݸħʡ
ħʰȻˣôܣ


3258 컯ͥĸ
޹
ĵǲĳֻмĵǲʸǿ̳
˿̳֮⣬޹Ҳ֮أµˣֻλ棬żмλ
죬տȴǴͷɥĹ޹⣬һľɥ
һΣʧ̫ˡ
ʲôԭⳡжķտǵһˡ
ʧλ컯
ʮδйʧ
£ʧտǵͷˡ
ڷտһֱε֮λԺҲֻܿտԼĻԵˣϣ΢΢
֮ԹΪĵȫˣûذܾ֡
˵ʲô
˵һεĴܣս֮
ǵ̫գǵ̫ǿ
տΨһϣ
ֻǣտѾ޹ſڹ˴ʱˣȴûκζտֻܹš
޹ڣڷʱеϣµӰﾲڵȴš
üü·ڣ·ڡ
޹ⴹµĵᦺȻһ£ϣͻȻͶӰ
еµӰͻȻǻ˹һ˵ʹ˫Ŀ
ˡ
ոչͬʱͷµ΢΢Ҿס
޹ڣһѾйˣûκοס
̺ͯӶûУһ룬ֱ⡣
ôµֱӷʡ
սʥû⣬Щ˯ʥȷʵ١
ǣǸѹȫʥͨ⡣Ϸǵãͨһλʥ
Ȼд£֮ͨһһʧ
ȴðһ۷ʥ˵
õ鱨Ϸһʥġµ
ˣǸͨĳȨҲģϷ껹йͻȻٺٵЦ
ʵҲ⡣
̾һڶ̶̼ڣΪɵڿԽ컯۷壬Ѵ컯ڡ
鱨µĿͬʱһϡ
ɻ֣
ҡҡͷûˣϷһڻʹļӣͳϢ֮󣬾ͱˡ
ϷµҲǣȫˡ˴֡
µɫӵѿĵϢҲϷʧĶӡ
λĿ۽޹ģ޹ģʱ
ڲܷһЩǲ֪ر仯˵
ߣչ֪ģ
ȷʵˡ
µ˵ͷ
ڵ⣬ô죿µؿ棬ǸҶ򺣾Ѿʼ򼧲^Ĵˣ׼ȷ˵ɱ
^ɽһ֧֡
ϷѾʱǱߵĵӣݱܷâ˵
µ⸡֣棬ôҲݱܷâ
Ȼôٴһͳģµڽ֮⡣
滹ûô˵Ѿסˣֻɽһǵסġ
֣
µ濴棬ǵ
һͬ⣬ͻһĴս
ԭӦӦͬ飬ȴûϴӦǿµ棬Ŀ֮⡣
û⣬ȸ˭׳һؼԵ⡣
ϷǲеģϷɵסȸһ־ܾ
ϷµȻҵֻʣλе鱦ɱа֮·Ҳ˶ȸ
ܾţһµ档
Ŀײµ浲
УµνΡ
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ԵĿˣ˭ѧˡ
˵λ档
Ŀעţµͻؾ͸һ˿ŭ
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⼸ʮ˵˼ӳ֮£ܸ
ϷԵס⵶ȴס⵶˵ˡ
ҪӲֻ컯ͥߣһ˳һ鱦Ϸġµ濪
ȴ죬˭Ҳ
鱦ɲǴײˡ
ǶڵԣҲ
ҪϷһ֣ȸն˭µٴ
ɲ˵
ƵĿӣǹȥ꣬ûԹ
úôģһ϶
ɴͲ˵ˡ
Ҫһ鱦ȥ˵
ų룬ЦеĿһ棬µȴǵ˵ˡ
ôܣ
鱦˵ˣȸ⵱еĹϵǼ临ӵģ
һʱ䣬⣬ͳ׵û˺޹ڵգҲ
˲֪ãͻȻ䣬λĿͬʱһ͸޹͸ؿռ䣬ĳ
컯ͥϢͻȻŷ
һӣ^Ӫսͳλǰ
µԣûɽ֧֮Ѿսˣɱ
ǣλĿģɱս䲻컯ǿߵĸߺ淨ŵ
Щǰÿһߺܹ컯ͥ⡣
ǣ컯ͥÿһ⣬ؼε赲
λɫһ䣬µٴһĨϿպǬΣͳλС
Ǭ͸ɫ˵ɴ߶Ǭѹźء
ѹطû⣬ǣǬѹȴ赲컯ͥĽ⡣
λɫһӾͱúѣҲ÷ǳϾ
ΪѹѾ漰컯ͥĸ
Բ̵ġ
ô죿


3259 Ĺ
Ǭڣ¾˵ǿ̫漧߸߾ϣ·Ⱥ۷ڡ
ѯǰսġ
ֱѯ¾ǰսӵʲô̶ȣȻҪġ
ɲ˭ܹġ
ģ¾Ϊηء
ǬѹĵͬʱҲ⡣
ûп̫漧ûһͨŲϢܹ⡣
ߵϢߵϢȥ
ЩǣȻżˡ
ߴս¡
󽫾ɱԭš
µ֪
鱨⣬ͱǬˣֱڡ
֮⣬һʷϴܣڳ۾ݣʲôӰģӰȶӰģӰ۵ȵȡ
ǸɣҪ¾ȥǬķ
ǿ¾񣬻ǸǰҪǵĴֲ֧ȵλļ
˭Ҳ֪ϵˣѾˡ
ΨةŸٱվڵģ˯һ
馣Ҳֱ׳ĳУҪͨ
ΪĿǰΪֹѾ󽫾Ҷʧ
ǲģ
ž馳УǬͻȻͰ˼֡
Ҫ˵ڵĴܣ˭Ȩʢ
ǰة࣬Ǿ馡
ʼ¡ʱͼءʼ¡ܱڵһʱ֧¾ǻݴ֮ӵܸ֮ܵġ
ľ飬Ǿйʾţţë
벻ȨʢҲС
һ仰Ⱥ֮£Ȼмֵ֮⡣
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ɽգ¾ɸ߾ϣע·ĳոմͷԵľмֲ֮С
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ʵ۾Ȼأκ飬ҲκȨǽ͡
ðһֱȨĸо˽ķʡ
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ǶֻǸڰ˴ҡźġ
Ȼҡź߱һģȻҪˡ
ҪȻʵ۵Ȩһ֣ȨҪһ֡
һĻ̫漧Ц
飬ҪͨʲôϵĿ̫漧ؿڡ
ر£Ŀǰ󽫾һ֪ԣϿͨԱʹãҲݾӦ䡣馻شĿνϡ
̫ȴһ˿ޣǾʹţǰమԼʹţ
ţ
⣬ȺסˣҲðסˡ
ʲô˼
Ⱥ׷׿˾馡
ͷĪһȴһ˿Ȼ¾λûãȴԽԽǿӲˡ
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ͻȻժ˹ñǰߵһҪȻֻײ֮ϣ֤ˣ
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֮ǰΪȻ̫˴ףַص⵽˼¡
ٵһҳͷأ²ɱҪˡ
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һͷײڴϣ
Ǳˣ
ȥɣ޵ĽŲľ飡
У̫漧ŭ߳ˣҴļϸްˣҪǧУй޵ͷ֮ޡ
㡭
ųĽ馾֣£ôҳ
£һģ¡

̫漧ŭ߳Լ˵Ůʮһӣ
һ馵ͻظ־֮ɫ
û뵽Ȼķˡ
ûڣ̫漧ȴǼŭ߳㲻˵Ǿ޸˵
ĳӸӣӣڼԭɣ
ĴӸŮڼ^ɣ
ĳȣڼԨɡ

ſ̫漧һһָ飬Ȼͬ˹һ
¶ޱأ⼧֪
һĹ飡ţֲǰߴÿÿʧ齫ǰ߽鱨ͼͥŮ鱨;²ȫ͸˶ԷŹ֣
ͣǴĺţһʤٲҵٻ󣡡
̫漧Цð馶ͷ亹ֱҲòٴܹԱľ֡
ǵвˣ˸馲Ĳúͺ֡
£ԩš
ž
һصӡͻҵڽԩľ馵ϣҵİ馲ҽһͷѪ
ԩԼԭˣӡ͵լȥˣԩ
㻹ԩ𣿡
馵ɵۡ
ղصļԭӡôͳӦһֱЯĴָС
ͻȻ䣬ɫһڣ˼ǰһϷ⡭
ˣ£
ʧİ馱µɲǣͻȻҵҪٷֱ磬ǿ̫漧ȴǳŰٴЦ
˸һ£ŮʮһӣѾȫɳˣͻص·ϣ
馵۾ص˸Բ
ҲڴʱǬ⣬ͻȻһĻ
ݣ
󽫾սݣ


3260 
ʵΪֹ馶ԼİΣǲһ㶼ĵġ
Ϊľǰ׸ɵģ
Ǭ֮ڣ¾ҪӲ˭ס
ǬܻԴ֮Ǭĳ̶ֳ˵Ϳƶԣǻʵ˵㡣
ǣǬִһ
˵Ǭ馾ͿֱӻؼңԴҡڵ뿪ء
ʱֵȨǣʾɵľ飬ɲ˵ġ
Ψһĵģ͵ԭĶŮﱲǡ
֮ǰǴżһ뷨ԽŮﱲǷֱãֳ֧
δΪľαãѪٷ֮ٻһ֧
ȻǶ
û뵽ȴ¾һˡ
ֵģӦòؼѲ˾
Ҳ鷳ڣ馾ʾ£ؼѲ˾ĺѲ֡
˼ӪĶǵʱҶı飬Ѿ̫漧ʾⱨʹ
򺣾ѪţȻ^Ӫնʮ࣬²ʮ
^αһٶʮ
䲻
乥ռݿ֮һϽ飬Ӧ
򺣾Ѫٴ籼ϮԭӪ
ԭӪδսԭ䲻ĿǰƽոʧС
ݱÿһ馵ɫͰһ֡
ԭӪδսʱ˫һǽţԵڵˡ
ˡ
һΣҪȫˡ
֮ǰ֮ޱţΪֻҪԭķڣͻ԰ȫ
ԭ^Ԩأ˱ԴܣԱĹϵ临ӡ
˸֮Ȼ뾡һа취ϵܵĹԱ鱨֧֣ȡܣֻǲ߷ȵȣһ㡣
˵صĹԱƨɵûɾġ
ڵҴҪˣҲܹ˳ϣǵٻ
£¾ҪҴЩƨɵ²ɾĹԱԻᱻܴ롣
ңʾµľ飬һˣֱôܾ̱
ڣݽݱĴ½ľƶ췭ظ
ԭҿҪûĴ󴬣Ȼָյ֮ͣ䣬شħݵһ·Ȼڶ̶ռ䣬·Ѿ·
һλ
·ѾУ·ˣʣµ·ֻʱˡ
Ȼ䣬ɹصĹԱڵ󴬣ͻȻûˣܹٻĴ󴬣ֻʣ´һˡ
ЩԱǣھеĹʾУô
»ڵһʱޣ
˭ҷ뿪
˭ͦ
ͻȻ䣬馾¾ĵ
ţ
󽫾ҶĴţ
󽫾Ҷݴף֮ڵĹ壬û˸ڡ
⼧ʲôʱӢˣչڴܵȨ»ʼ¡ʢʱҪ󡭡
п䣬ͷǱ
̷ıĹӡΪʩչû뵽һԵԶҲˡ
˼ȥһӰȻ両˰馵ͷ
Ҷ棡
󽫾Ҷ棡
Ҷ棡
Ҷ棡
һУ˼ȥȻȫҶ͡
Ҷݣ

ֻǷӦΣڣΡ
ף£ӭĽʲô
¶޷ݡ
һݣ˶֮£˵껹пӳ졣
ֻǰ馸ո뷨ʱ򣬺Ȼ˼ӰĽ
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ĸ̫࣡
ؼ
ؼɱܡ
δ̵ֿĿܣ馺شһս

Ǭϣ󽫾Ľݱ꣬ģȻûж¶Цݵġ
һ˭Ҳ벻Ľݱ
һԳ׸ıؾƵĽݱ
⣬Σ
ǬϣĿ̫漧Ц
ף˴ݣλѵģ

˴ݣӦͬ졭
ǬڣЦ
ٵЦݣÿ̫漧ϹҲмĪΣ
Ѳ˾
ڣ
Ѳ˾˾³ߣ˾ѲͳãͳܣͬʱӦС
ϵĿ̫漧վȻ׳ᡣ
ץˣңģ壡
Ӧȣ˽ӹһϢ֮󣬾дĽѲ˾Ǭڣʼץˡ
˾ѲȴǴһȥȥˡ
̶һӣǬվŵĳ˽֮һϰλ
ǬڵĳǣɫҲòȥһͷ亹սս
ǵеĲˣǰ뱻ߵЩǣйĳЩϵ
ĿǬɫĳϱ̫漧
֪ǵлˣйָϵйָĺǽף
ǣĺУûбߵЩǰɥĲ
ľ»ܣʱṩо鱨ѾļҾ鱨ȵȣ˵ǣ
ҪЩ
һ߳Ǭʣĳһϣȫȥ
ڲԭµģǡ̫漧һ޿ԸǽĻᡣֻҪһЧǰ飬޿Լ̣


3261 λĹͬĿ
һ죬ڲûѪɺӣǿ죡
ôʱ֮ڣڳƽؾסԹĳ֣Ŀ޺
˵ģŮ˵ģСģָĲҽУһֲҾ֮С
ֻǣ޵ٲңЩ˳ҵĽѲ˾ȴûκġ
෴ģзߣһף
ߣɱۣ
ǬϣԱּ⣬˼ʮÿһʥּУ׺ŴԱְλ
ӽ֮һĹԱ̫漧˳ȥôͱµĹԱ
ԭةεĸƼҲһޱȷصĹ
Ϊ׽ϵĹԱ඼ҪλҪְ
˵ˣҪҪְЩݷỨϵǣ
ȻܵʱںʵλòϺʵĹԱ˵ѡ
ǣ̫漧ûѯκγӵǬٶϣһһҪְ
εĹԱ֣ҴǬϵĹԱǣû
Ͼãĸʵ١
ʵԭ򣬻䣬ͻȻͷ֣ʥּôֿ׵˼ġ
ةฮĳʷͣ΢ڹԱȺУ˿ԡ
ҲΨ֪ιԱ󲿷֣Щɸѡɹ
һԱλܵĳͻ죬Ȩͻعأع¡
ȻҶ濴ʥּʱ򣬿϶һ
ʮλϵ빩ڿеͬĹԱίθָҪְ
ûһԾΪ飬ʵȨɣȴȥ˲١
͵ְҲһ仯
ةฮʷ滧ɡ
Ȼʥּչ˵еĿȱֻίҪְһֿȱҪټġ
Ҳǿ̫漧ͳһʾá
ô֣˭ֵܷͿ˭ˡ
ȻҲͷֵһĵ⡣
Ҷµе̫ұݹ̣ΪҶԭ·֮ûϵ
ΪҶ⽻ֵܵϸɾû̫©Ϳա
ڿպ̰۳ɷĴܳУ̫Ŀˡ
ڿة͵ͨ£벻ӱѡ
һΣ͵˴ô
ݹιɣһԾ˴ɣΪδѡ
̫ұιӪ˾࣬ƷֻһʵȨȴ֮ǰࡣ
֮⣬вұȰĹԱǨá
Ҷָɣȥ¹Աֵġ
Ȼֻѡ
ͿԼˡ
ϾҪ뽫µ³Ƿǳѵġ
ԣ˻ϲǣ˿ޣ
ҶĻģǨʵȨǨ
ûֵģʱӶˡ
⣬͸Żңȴ͸Ź
⣬иҵ滮֣Ϊһεľ췭ظı仯

޹
µ桢桢λϥ
ΪֹûһеĽ취
Ǭס컯ͥĽ⡣
컯ͥ޷ս컯ߵԪ룬ǽ컯ͥ޴ӽ
һ۹һʵۺسԼͨԱʿȱһɡ
Уȱһ۹޷ת
񣬽޷սߵ飬ֱӾδ컯ͥȱ
һǺܹؼ
֮£ֻҪ˻컯֮ͥسǺŪġ
ԣǺջ
ǣûн
Ϊȥʷеԭ
ܵĶȸ鱦ܲףģȴǻ˵⣬иϵе˵ˡ
ԭǳ׷ѣⶨȸ֮Ҳȵ˥
񣬴ܻδ׷ѣֺ֮ơ
δȸ˵˻˵߻ĺ˵⣡
λûһԸȥȸ
ǱȸնϼǵҲ˲̫ࡣ
ȴᱻնȥ
ⶫĪ⡣
һǿ֪ģǵǣȴּΪⶫҪԡ
ǵ̶ȣǱȸȥӰǼԶ
ӰǣӰǵĵͳӡ
ңλȻλһ壬ʵϣλڲҲǸƻ
ΪȡĹͬĿ꣬Ǿߡ
ʮıпܳɾ͵ǸĿֻ꣬׹øأ
ԣ޹һֱߡ
ֱҶݣϴϢλ仯Ȼָӡ
ٴ顣
飬ʵʹ֮Э
ȻˣǾ죬ûĻµһѯʡ
ûУ
ûУͬʱӦ


3262 һҹѪϴ
ոŽǣҶͷЩп
սƺʱ䣬Ѿ׵ıˡ
ԭߣӪΪսҶµĴѴ֮͹ԭӪ
һ֮Ҷʹȷ沿ոԭݲռʮ֮ء
ոǳϷԡ
ϣҶȷ޽ݳϿգݳǾѾͶˡ
ԭϵǣĹԱˡ
ûɶϵģȻǹ뽵
ԣһ֮ڣҶֻǴ޽ʮݵϿջһȦÿݳǧӺͲּ˾ӹܳǷ⣬ǻոˡ
ȻҪոҪܵĴһ·ɨЩݿȫܵұ¡
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ԭӪӴʮ֮أһ֮ھˣΪˡ
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ҪȻֻ^һܡ
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Ҫǵ油֮ǰ򺣾һһݵĻƹȥԭĳݳأʱ͸ˡ
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ڣȴһ֮䣬ոʣµľˮĥˣԱϴȵȡ
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3263 
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3264 
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3265 ˳ˮ
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3266 Ĵ
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Ҷϴǧʵ鶼ûС
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ڵҶԣϴǧ˶䲻ˡ
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֣ǶԹİʹҶ׼뿪ˡ
Ҷ뿪ʱϴǧžͷϧĽơ
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ϴǧŵڵҶԣν
ܵõһܵܡ

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ܣҶȻ뿪
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ˣпǵĿ̫漧Ĳ֮꣬ҪңǸݡϴǧԼ˵̫𾪣æȴҶһ仰ϡ
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֪ˣϴǧ˫ٴεɴһȻ
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Ӫڣϴǧɱĺ֮󣬲ʧ


3267 ˵֮
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⿴˿Ҷҡҡͷ
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ԣİͬʱҡͷѾҶ˼
Щ飬Ҫǲĵģס֮ǰǵ顣
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ȻϴǧȻƵжϣȻϴǧŵְҵйأǣеһеڶ
ңſ̫漧ĳͽܳԽԽЩһĵҪλ֮ò˶ãͻ˵ע⡣
ò˶ãܾͽٳΪܡ
İ뿪֮ҶеȴĻ˻ҽ
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ҶУҶϸĽ˵⡣
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ԸʵǺĴ½֮ͨ
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˵⣬ҲĴ½ͨйء
˵⣬һּǳӡ
ܹ˲¡̩񰲣ͨշĵĶԴܵ۹ԺУͬУ˵Դ
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ڶȸʱ涼Щɵ
˵Ըʲ࣬ȴһεġ
˵ΪǹԸΪ˽ԶȸԱ˵
˵⼸ʮ鱦˺˵⡣
ҪǸԣ涼пܵġ
ʵϣȴֲġ
ԸΪ˽ԿԻ۵ƺֻ࣬һָ
˵ΪĴƣ־֮ƣԵҲҪ˱ܡ
ҲΪˣ鱦־дܴУֻлջ񣬻и
ջڴܹ˺͹ĺ˵⣬Ҳʱ̵ѹŴķˮάŴܵĹˡ
һһΪ
ʵϣ鱦ڲ̵˵⣬ࡣ
ԣȱǬҲ޷ʱѹķء
һ˵ĸɾǬѹ֮ͻȵļ
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Ķ˵Ľ͡
ҲԿ̫漧Ǭһ͡
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ҶЩ㲻ס
Ȼ鱦ڵ˵ܹõ˱ܼɵ
ôҶһ⣬ڵ˵⣬ܲõ˱ܼɵأ
ֻ˵βܶڵ˵أ
Ǹ⣡


3268 
֮ڽ˵µҶ棬ӵԿ̫漧ʥּ
ʥּˣҶ⡣
㳯
ϵĳƺǰӡ̫֡
Ϊ̫漧ԭ£ҲûгֵĽһϢҶҲûȥ̽һ˿һйسֵϢûȥϵ㳯
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ֻǽͻȻּ̫ྐྵȻ㳯⡣
̶̰ʱ⣬㳯ʹһûдڸеŷγֿǰӡ̫࣬ʵǳҶԤϡ
Ǩٶȣ֮ǰڼܹܵĵӴףҲ̫ܰ
ʹڼУְλߵһ㶼ڼܹܣʵģȴǰӡ̫ࡣ
ܶʱǰӡ̫ڼܹܵı
̶̰֮ʱ⣬㳯ֻ˿̫漧κͿأػڼȨࡣ
̣;λá
ȻҲһֿܣǾǿ̫漧ؼںͿ㳯
ֿԷǳ
ǰʱʹڼ౻ϴķǳҶ׵֣Ҳ㳯λĿԣǳ
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һʥּΨһĲͬѰ֮㳯ڽʥּҶʱָʥּ
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ᵽ΢΢֮ҶͰ㳯ǰطƵˮҺͿĨ֮ϱͻؾԳСּܵ
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ӿ̫漧ƺҲû֮ǰļ¡
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ֻһյ裬ڻش˿̫漧һ⣬ƺͻ˿ء
Ŀǰͬʱںɻڿǻǹ۲ԲСġ
㳯˵̫漧ƺҶʦǳĸȤؼںڲ顣
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̫漧ڲҶʦ
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ңһ˵鵽ˣҶҲûʲôĵġ
ţǴܣŹͬĵˣ
ŴʥּĻᣬõ㳯鱨Ҷͷ󶨡
ʥּݱȻЩ⣬Ҳνˡ
Ҷ汾Ϊ̫漧ܲλĥĥ䣬Ҫ򺣾Ѫţ֮ٴκɨ۹ڵĲ档
ǰҶ֮^ԭս֮ʣµԨأȻǻ̻̲ա
ҶΪʮ֮󣬾Ҫս̬ʰλ
û뵽̸֮ûãԨأȻͬʱ뽵
Ҷ֪̫漧̸У϶ʲôЭ顣
뽵£̫漧ֽܵ£Ҷ󽫾Ҳ޷ñ
ֻǣȫͶĽȣûеô졣
Ҷ汾Ϊ¡
û뵽̫漧ҶʥּǣҶ󽫾
Ϊ
ǰʧݵħߣڴܵ۶صĶߡ
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Ϊĳ̶ֳ϶ԣħеĵ̣ںܾǰǴܵġ
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ֻҶͷһĪ
½ʱҶҲֹ
ںĴ½Ҷȴٴֶ
˼У˧˳Ƶ޹
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3269 
ħʥɽ
ħʰٴγʥɽɽ۵ľǰţȴͻȻֵ֪ħʦԸסˡ
յħʰ껣ɫ㲣ɷԵסһҪ
֪ħʦȴ̾һԴϴα֮ʦṳ̂ңͷʳǵҩֻûκλӦӦڱչˣ
ԣħʰȴǼˣܴڣ̶µʱ⣬ѾĴδħͨʿ䣬ʧء
ȥܴпɱʥˡ
֪ħʦĬȻÿ£Լ԰ɣʦûлӦ
˵ɣϷˡڣͻһ
ħʰ֪ħʦͬʱϲĿ˾ңһϲ⡣
ħʰ˼һſڵʦܴڡ
Ҷ򺣾ǿƲ˵ǸѪţǿҪҴʥǿ
һΣ浽֮ʣʦָ㡣˵䣬ħʰ껾Ȼ˾ſڡ
ڣ֪ħʦϣ̾
£ңϷ֪֮ܣ޷ӻ壬ˣҪȫ̱ˡ
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ħѾϰ˴֪Ĵڡ
ʱ֪ͻȻ׿ڳһ㣬һͻȻ䱻ĸһһַԹĻ̿֡
ͻȻ䣬ħʰƺԴţæ˫ϥأŴ֪ϣߵݴ񣬡֪
Ȼħʰ껾ͳ
ڣ֪ϣ̾ٴ𣬾ľ޷¶ڵĴ֪ϣ
ֻǣ֪ϣģħʰ֪ħʦԶһ
ʱĴ֪ϣһ֪Ĵ֪ģݵƤͷһʱ޶ˡ
֪ϣ޷ĸħʰǰݵָĸħʰ껵ͷ
ն
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ΪֹҶĽսУûռһ˿һıˡħʰ˵
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֪ˣֻǡ

֪ϣԤֹħʰ˵
ʦѳȫսϣʥݺأĿǰܹõӦʵЩѡħʰ˵
ӽħеԵ
еħʰɻһ䡣
ûУеϹħǡ
ʦĻ°Ի޷ȫ
ϾͿˣ֪ϣͻ˵
ħʰ껿һ֪ħʦԣȴǴ󺧡
һԣ֪ħʦ󺧣ع˾ϣǰ
ʦ㡭
ΪʦԤ֮ܣֵ˴֮ʣΨ棬пɹ١
⼸죬һὫЩһһȥʱ֪һͽˡ
ʦ
ħʰ֪ħʦͬʱʧ
˭Ҳû뵽һ̣Ȼ˴֪ϣڽԡ
Ǻˡ
ӽеԶãҪκι˼ɣ֪ϣ˵
ħʰ֪ħʦĬȻ
Ϊʦأ棬ʱΪʦᾡһ塣
ҽ·ּԣħ֪̳֮ˡϷɢȥһ̣֪дУᱻ̳УʱԽΪ֪ԣ֪ϣ˵
һħʰ֪ħʦͷ̧ͷɲǣ֪ħʦԵ˫УȻˮ
ʦ֪ħʦԱ
ȥ׼ɣǴ֪ҲϷҫ


3270 ˧ʵ
󽫾ҶѾʧݵħߣ⸴˱ħռЩԭħս󶼶Ҽħ帹أϢصʱ⣬һƬ
ûš
ǳ͢سǣǼ½Ȩ¹⣬ع壬ͨ̽µս
ϢģǴܽʮĵһηأҲηӦ
ÿλصηӦɲǲӡ
ϧǣظţͲǰǸĴ©絽©ˡ
̶һĹѾ¾Ҳǿ̫漧ֶΣͰһ㡣
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ǣżй¶Ҳڸϵ˵ǰյأʵۻ֪ȴѾˡ
Ѳ˾ؼ࣬Ǿ͸ˡ
Ѳ˾ؼţѾΪ˿ֲĴʡ
ֻҪֵģǴģǴģѰסһһ˭
ĸͰһ㡣
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⼸Щս˵ħ֮£ʮһǧ̡
ʵҪԳʵݿ
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֮ǰԭĴӪݣҪһ룬Ȼ^ҵݣҲҪһ롣
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⸴ħߵٶȣҪҶĿ졣
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ңħȻûдǷı£ңսҶ֮£Ƿò
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ĸεԮɱܾսҪʱ䣬ԶԣҶһȽռơ
żɱħ徳ڣƾͻʧħ֮ǰĳƣûˣơ
ң⼸µս״սħһնɱľҲ٣컯ս١
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ʲôȭͷ
ջٴȥȭͷɱ
ҶгΪħʱڽȭͷջȥȻ󣬾ͻѰһᣬ֮ٴ
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ʱ˵һԣ߳𣬷ʣ
֪ͨ˧ʥ˧ܱգһС
ҲڹɲǣĿĵ⣬ͻش˧ʴ֣


3271 
ϢͻȻ˧ڴֵĵ⣬һϮɱ񣬾ǸոմĹ졣
貵ĵһ׼ֱӾּңǿĵֱӽԴն˷顣
ѪУ貵ĵλһ㣬նɲǣ˲ʧ
˧ڣոڽŷӦ
д̿ͣ
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˧ڣϢػҵ˼¡
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·𷽲ŹûκιϵһûҶκ
ͬһɲǣ˧ʵĻУոʧĵ⣬سҶͷҶ¡
һ£̿ȴǶȫµĵ⣬ʱ˿ƺһһеС
һɵӰ컯񽫺ڵϢҲڴ˿̱߶˼£
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컯񽫺ڵӰħ̿ͣ
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ǣȻƽ˶컯۷ΪٶϣרӰħǲԶˡ
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ʱ˿̣˧˵Ķ˼¡
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ǣûףȴս
ӰħױɱǾ̫Цˡ
˧ʴĳӰͻȻһӰħ뵤άԴͻȻʹҶʧҶУ֮һŷ·ʵʻӰ
ͬʱӰħ뵤άոӶݳȥԴػһС
Ӱħ뵤άȻӷ
Ҳǣ˧컯ʮϰٵ컯Ϣڿ˶ӣӲߵģ
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Ӱħ뵤άԴ΢ţУǰһգ·Ѿٴڡ
ӰħԴУȻƾյĺ׵Ҷ浱ͷն䡣
ٶȿ쵽˼㡣
쵽˼㡣
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ӰħһıУ㵲סģӰħ뵤άЦ
һɲǣӰħ뵤άĴЦͻظȻֹոնҶͷӰħУͻȻɢ
˧ӰӰħ뵤άԴУ̹ͻȻŷ
ʱˡСͻ
Ӱħ뵤άԴҲСбɢԭʼ
ͬһɲǣʮ컯ϢǺХһų˧ʣ


3272 ĵĽ
ʮλ컯˾ʥʮλʥλʥͬһʱ˺˧ʵĽ磬˧ڡ
޷Щ컯ʥ󽫾Ҷʱ飬ýֶ޷ݡ
ʮλ컯ʥһĳ˧ʵɲǣԭصƼӳֵ˧ʣֱ컯ǰ£˷ĩ
ʮλʥҶ氲һͬʱһһ㿪ʼ˧
һɲǵĹ򣬾һ˧ʷԲǧ⣬顣
һʥֱ˵صѰ
ովҶ棬ɨһ۽һŹ챻նɱ֮γɵѪۣϱûκα仯˧λ
ҶƨɸصɲǣһСӡͶطٵѾ˧Ͽգɫĺ͸䣬˲ؾ͸Ӫ
ȴĵˡ
ĿҶҲһ
ղŶص׵ʥ·ɳĵˣص쳣
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һԣƽҲԴ亹²ѡ
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ǣеۣΧ۵ģЩʶĻ˵ܵģΪܻħ͡
ԴˣҶһŭ
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3278 챻̫Ӵ
Ⱦڣһʱֳʩ󷨱Ժڣħ̫Ӻʮʹӣ
ʼʥӣס󷨷ʥǣǳòĸħ̫Ӵÿ˴һ侫ɵ񻷡
ʹžסĴϢϢأһʹκ뿪Χ񻷾ͻᱬ
񻷱ʥͻһʱ䷢֡
ͬʱסԺ֮ǰʹŵÿˣһλʥʩȫԵĿռ
ռҲûɶ
⣬κοռ䲨һУͻƣʥ֡
ʥǣ⣬ֶžʹŶϵֶεκοܡ
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3279 ԭʼ
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ЦУҶ˲ʧħ̫Ӵǽԭأɫī


3280 Ԥս
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һħԮħڵĴ³ǣôҶĿģܴɡ
Ȼֻǻġ
Ҷ滹ħ׼һ޴ն
ǾǻȾǵӪ
ҶὫչħۼش³ǣôħѡȻ򲻾ȡ
ǲأ
ôҶԸħڶѡ񡪡ͻϮӪ
˴³ǣôӪһġ
һѡ⡣
Ҷѡ⣬˴ƺ׼
ħѡһҶ涼شħİա
ϧǣҶ׳ĿʱҶѡħһûѡ˵ѡ


3282 ħĴ
ħ帹أ³ǣ
³ǣ³ܱߵʮССħһأһƬ𺣡
ʥͻϮʩչͨɵĺ
³ڣΪǿ߽һλħһ컯񽫣Լλħһ컯ˡ
ħ帹أǲˡ
Ҷ涫ϮǰѹͲʲôˡ
Ϊһͻħ帹ǧϮħش³ǣֻҶ߳ļƻһ֡
һεϮȥƺܴ󣬵Ҷ滹Ǹħһصλ컯񽫳ķӦʱ䡣
ħڵħڣһεͻϮǳ±״̬ģȫûϵ
ͬģҶĶͻϮҲֵز죬Ȼûڵһʱҵ³Ǻģħʳǡ
ħһʣλ컯λ컯ˣȻڵһʱ߶ħʳǵػ硣
ػΧԽػǿԽ͡
ħһħʳǣռҲ﷽Բ£ǵס컯Ĺ
ħڲѪط࣬ħʳڣǲѪ
ħص컯񽫣ֱӷѪԴʱ˿սħһʿ˵ѪΪȵħʳǵػǿȡ
ڵסʥĹ
λħһص컯񽫿ħӡ
ΪҪһ㣬޷Ѫʳǵػ磬޷סʥġ
ѪҲС
ʱ˿̣ܵʥӣ¾³ܱǧƵħһ͸ӹħħ壬ħū
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ԮˣҪһÿ
ʵϣҶ˧ԳҲڵԮ
ħͳڵ컯㳲ԼԤս
Ҳڵȴţȴħ㳲֪̫ͨ漧Ԯ
ϧǣħһص컯񽫷ȼѶһ֮ͳûκζ
ĳǳأҲûκζ
ʱûзħ컯
ܣһħ컯ˣҶҴص㣬ûз֡һܾħ컯ȷʵûг
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ֻҪħ컯ˣҶа취ҪǲһֱڰУǲĿ¡
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һ֮Ҷ֪ħ˴³ǣ
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ħʳǧħ壬һǵѪ壡
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ħһ壬ħڲǿࡣ
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ͻȻ䣬ҶͷӦˡ
ħڱС
ħ̫ӴƵͣʵҲڸħȡʱ䡣
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ҶûϵǣħĴУʲôأ
УҶ漫ĿԶ
ڼȲԵȵʵѹ֮£ħصħ壬ûκλ֮
ʥֻҪʥʥǲ־򺣾Ϳɱ
żҲдܵĵջ߽¼սҲ򺣾ʿʥԮ
֮ս֮ս
ħƴͬھֶλٵġ
˾򺣾ʿǣ׷׸ߺŵ֮У컯ͥĽ˲ߵͻᱻߣ֮С
ǿ̫漧̸֮´һµ
֮ʱļ˾ǴʿԸߺ֮ͻһʽ棬鲻ɢ
Ҷ治֪̫漧˾ٺ⣬кıԣҶֻӡ
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սʿûгˣ
ǣһʵԵսҶͻȻһ¡
Ҷ֪ħĴʲôˣ


3283 ʼħ
컯ĳսУħĴУֿܡ
컯ȫս£ħĴУֻһ򡪡ǿ
Ҷʱ˿̲Ѵ֮ħħһأնɱħսʿԼʮƣɱħħһĸħ壬ٽǧ򣬵ʧȴǳС
Ϊʲô
߽սѹ
ʥȫ֣ħһνĸ֣ѹֵһ
ʥֻҪпĴ߶Լѹô³ħս
ʿ硣
ԭ򺣾й᳹ɫɱսûôҪˡ
Ѳ˾䣬ѰնɱԷеͼͷĿս򺣾ڲִеļΪס
ѹԵĸ߽սǰʲôսսΪ˶ࡣ
νһʮᣬԼˡ
ĿǰսҶУ컯ǿߣѾΪ̬
֮ǰսУȺ֡
ôħʱ˿ħڵħ嶼ԮڱĴУѾǳˡ
컯һսһĿֲս
ǣ䣬ǿһ͵ġ
˵컯ǵһεս˵ܱġ
˲أҶ뵽һ¡
ʼħ
ħսصףֵʼħѪ
ʮǰħͨħսĴսڸħʼħ
ħսҹս֮»۵Ѫɷฺħǿʼħ
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ϿҶֹħʼħ񸴻ǳɹģҶ·ħʼһȣħС
ǣ˭Ҳ֪ħħսϵ˶ٲãҪʼħ
ļأħ彵ʱһоʼħ
ʼħ񣬶컯ǿߣӵ컯ǽӽսǣħʼգȴûе澳ǿߡ
ʼħսҲǷǳֲġ
Ƿǳǿģ˼侪˵Ĵۣϧ˳˯ܶʥնɱħʼħ
սǳӡ
յսǣʼħħ彵ٺĴ½ʱ򣬱׻
ϵĻɢҡ
ܵʥǣħʼħʬǷٻɻң׽ҹֱʬһ˿ǳɱλʼħ
յսΪּ临ӵԭħ廹ǳɹĽں֮ϣʧء
ǣħʼħҲնɱ
ļ¼Уֻһλħʼħӹ١
֮ѵʥԪҲȼյ˼£սħҲվ˽Ÿ
Ȼ¼ĶഺʷҶ滹ǿóԪδսӦǴսˡ
Ԫδս临ӣǴţĲս
ܵʤۡ
ħʼħ񣬾ǶĿħһʼħ
ĿħһܹԽ֮󣬾ħ֮λԶѹħħ塢ħһͷΪʼħڡ
ԭħһоŴ塣
Ŵ壬ʵħλʼħͬ塣
ֻǵ꽵ٵľλʼħλܺ˸ԣԶʧ֧ʼħ
ʮݱ֮£ħĻ壬ֻжĿħһħһ塢ħ塢ħ塣
ħıȡӰħħħΪʼħĳ䣬ĳ˴һȵĻ塣
ħһ壬ΪǿߵĴ䣬Ѿħгˡ
һħڲĶ磬ͱˡ
ʮǰħߣħ帴ʼħУһλħʼħ
ҪȻħʼħĴȣҲ뵽Ҷħ
ħпڼʼħ
ĶĿħʼħ֮⣬ħɹʼħһλ
ʮǰħ帴ħʼħ
ĿǰʮǰħħսõĵصѪ󣬸Ӧֻһλħʼħ
ҪȻʱ˿ҲС
ȻųħڴǰУѾиһλʼħ
ħڲҲһ飬Ϊҡ
Ҫǿħһֱӷǵغ԰ƵˣеϵѪֻһܡ
ħʱ˿̸ģпħһʼħأ
ҲֻħһŸķҶĶ¾ħأ׷ħء
ȻһУҶƲ⡣
Ҫ֤ʵƲ⣬ڲħսսҶԣȴǳ򵥣


3284 Ϸ
Ҫʼħ񣬱Ҫкע
ħΪʲôҪħսصײʼħѪʼħ
ԭħսսϣÿÿʱÿ̶дʿս
˫ʿս֮ѪɷԹʼħϲ
ֻвϲѪɷԹฺħսջ֮£ܸʼħ
ôħͳҲڸʼħ񣬿϶Ҳħսص׵ʼħѪһĻ˷ѪɷȸĴ
˵ĻôЩϮսĳ̶ֳ϶ԣΪħ帴ʼħṩ
Ҫȷһ㣬ֻҪصףǱͳǵصףûƵĴ󣬻ƵĻ˷ͨͿˡ
ȷһ֮Ҷڵһʱת˶Ӫٴ飬ԼķֺƲ⣬ȫ֪ġ
ܿģһҶĵǰ
˭ȥͳǵصײ̽Ǹ⡣
ȣʥС
ǿϢ̫ǿһһط򡣶ͳ飬ôħ컯϶ȫ䱸һãܹʥǱ롣
һħ컯ڵͳǱ֣׶༪١
һλʥʧԣҲ̫ˡ
ԣʥС
ͨʥҲС
ͨ컯˾ʥͨ費У»ûǱ룬ͱˡ
ֻܸͷ޷̽Ϣ
Ψһѡ񣬾ֻдʥѡ
ܿģѡѲ˾ĿǰΨһһλ񽫾
һ֮λѲ˾񽫾񣬾ʧС
ҶǰĵȴŽ
ûʲô⣬Լʱн
ǣոһӣλ񽫾һͷе˳Ҷԡ
λ񽫾ûκˡ
Ҷľһ۾Ϳ͸ǰλ񽫾Դȡ
ʱ˿վҶǰǺ˾һҡҡλεġ
ļæǰָסһָѹͷٻᴦ
а壬Դܳ塣
˵䣬΢΢һʼΪˣûϢĵüë
˵ҶҲ˳
˵Ļûʲôչ
޵ǿռⷽ沢С
˵ˣϵҲûˡ
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ڣҪԴһСģûκãԸˡ
ָջأҸ֮Ϊ֮ѯʡ
˼һ£ĵϷĻ˹һ¡

Ҷסģϣԡ
Ҷ˧㣿ɫ䣬㾫ͨϵͨڱаɲһ
ԣҶ΢΢һЦϣҵ˽⻹డ
ҶЦЦָһ㣬һѪⶸطͷսѪ˲Ʈ
սѪЩҶ棬ִ˲٣ԭص׵ĺĺ˵У˿ƺɷƷȻ¡
սѪԸָǿĿ
ʱҶ߶սѪ죬һۿɼѪⶸشλڷɳͶսѪ졣
Ϣ˲ؾͱȶ
Ϣ֮ͻָֻԴܵаҪ칦ܳ׻ָ
ˡ
սѪವĻתҶڣҶ濴ȻҶ湰˹֣Ҷ˧ֶΡ
õһѡ
ҪЩ꣬սѪıҶײ¶ģȴνˡ
һ㡣
һ䣬Ŀ˻ָĲϣ˵˵ʲô
ˣڵصȷʵ˽ʵʻĸϢ˷ͳǵĸָϢ
ѪΪʢ˵
ɲ鵽λãļæʵ
ҡҡͷһɫ²ո˳ص׵ѪǱûãӽͳǧʱ򣬾ƺĳƣѪһ壬ͻزˡ
زˣ˵ĵɫޱȡ
¸ӦƵɲǣһǿޱȵϢ´ӵص׳
óȴǿռͨӵص׶룬ƿӻء
Ҫһ㣬¡
컯صħ컯ء
ˣȥɣúϢĳ˻֣뿪֮󣬲ſҶ档
ҶԪ˧ƲġħĽʱսڸǵʼħ񡣡˵
ǰʼħѲʮǰҴǶһ£նɱشЩʼħҲ˾޴Ĵۡ
ǸǺҶ˵
뾡һа취ֹĵܼ̽ʵӦԣʵڲУǿ
ո˵꣬ĵüͷٴν
ոλȻݾߣʱκ˹ȥֵĻʶɱӡ
ңλ˵ͳǧ֮ĵصаƣһλ컯ô̽˲ɵ
صаƣ컯һƲ֡
ҶȻĵĵġ
ϣҪԣ
УԲУҶ˧ϵΣգľܾķǳס
Ҷε˱ӣȻϣҪϷ
ϷȻ


3285 Ѫ
ϣ뿪ڼ䣬κξ飬ȫȨͿɡ
оڣôһ仰֮Ҷ˲ԭʧֻں󷽾һ
һɲǣЩڴӦҶ棬뻽Ҷ棬Ҷðա
Ҷ˧죬ȻֹӦУҶϢٴ֮ǰϷһʧӰ٣Ǹһ˿޵ĿЦ
ãĲҶԪ˧ֶΣɱ˽ģҪĶš
һ֮䣬ҶҪϷ
Ϸݺܼ򵥣ҶݣңΧ޶ȾڣһΣܹҳҶΣҶͲ᷸ȥ̽鱨
෴ҲҶֻҳһΣôľͲֹҶ档
Ϸ̫档
Ƥӵ£Ҷܲصʲô̶أ
沢Ļ⡣
ȻҪ棬ľȫ
ǵһΣľ˸
ûҵ
ǰҪһĹҶʧˡ
ȾǣҲûҵݵҶ档
ϢҲˣҶȴԭسо˧ʣ˸
Ҷоڣȴûз֡
Щ⣬ǣҶĶķǳ

ĲΪڶΡ
ڶΣĿɾĶˡ
ټϷɨһ黪ȾǣȾǵѾȻġ
Ҷһݣݵϸ΢ı仯ԿԷ֡
ϧǣϢ֮ٴʧܡ
һΣҶǹӪĳӪʵľгֵģĴҶթ
ҶǽľҲСϢľ֮Уһ
ȻΣĲû䣬οʼ
Ϸôһ֮
˭
Ȩ׼֮µһˣƴλ컯ͨȫһӲӡ
ҶոͻƵ컯ûõĺǰΣҲЩҲסˡ
ΣľȫԸ
ĻӪ󷨵ѰݵҶ棬Ͳû׳ˡ
ֻȻû׳̣ҲԶˡ
Ѿͨط
ǣûҳݵҶ档
Щץˡ
һ㣬Ⱦǵÿһ䣬˻Ⱦڵ컯ûзҶ档
Ϣʱת˲ȱǿģҲֻȻ䡣
νԸ
ͷ֮࣬ҲǰҶ棬һλ컯۷ǿǰݶҶⱾ£Ҳһ㡣
ֻܴӦҶ棬Ҷȥ̽ͳǵ鱨
ȻĴӦҶǰȥ̽ͳǵ鱨ɲҶĶݷ죬Ҷ滹չʾ¡
սѪİ£ҶֱӻฺϢж
ֱҶǿ깥޷κҶ档
ȻҶĶ̳ƶСè֮£⣬ͻ״£Ҷ棬ҲǼѡ
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪҶʱûб¶
뿪ȾǣСèҶӽͳʮ֮⣬ȻȻҶŶصס
صǰҶͷһۻȾǵķͷһĪɡ
ҶϲӪҲϲһԼ
ھӪУΪ˧ѹɽҶ漸һִĸо
һ뿪˾Ӫһؼ䣬ҶصˮһһĪɡ
ҶڵΪʩչٶĿ죬ӽͳһʱҶͷ׺֣˳ƻɲǣаɨ
Զһλħ컯ɨ
֪ԭİ׮֮ǰݾ֮ħǿ˽䱸
ǰߣνǺߣҶ͵Сˡ
˼˼ϢСҶ治ʩչݣսѪͳһѪ⣬ҶĶݹ⣬һص׻㼯Ѫ⣬˳Ѫ⣬ͳǵķ
ⷽá
һ·ϣҶ淢ֵ컯İ׮崦һ컯񽫣ɸһڹžϢ
ǣ㼯ͳǵѪɷϢעȴֻͣ΢΢һɨ
Ҷɶ롣
ھͳǧʱҶͷЩħ컯ĽƣǷͬһ㣬Ѷݹ
ҶѾú׼
ʱ䷨ʱѰһᣬֻǼ²ԣֱӵһʱðԪƿ׼
Ҷ󽫾ͳǴ̽Ϣո˵Ŀ֮⣬±ȷʵѡ
ǣҶĻǽٽһ⣬ͻħλ컯ذΧпħʼħ
ʱ㿪̫漧붯ȣҲûǸᡣ
ССģġ
飬ȴϵ˳
ҶԼԼĸӦһλǿߵɨҶȴûдκνƣ˳Ǳͳǧ֮ڡ
ʱҶͻط֣һˡ
ħĽƣԵκֵϢ㼯ĺѪɷȸȴڽƷΧ֮ڡ
УҲǼСһ㡣
ҶսѪϢԼȫȫľͱܿħ컯ƵĽƣ˳롣
ͨһ֮Ҷ浹ˡ
˷Ѫɷ۵ͳǵص֮ѾѪҶֻҪѪһܹͳǵص׵ĸħĴ
ûϢһΰĴ󣬾ͳҶǰ


3286 Ȼ
ص״˷ѪɷԽԽ࣬Ҷ룬㼯ѪѾӿĽӡ
ýӽͳǰ۹ѪѾѪɫɷĺͳǵصγһƬѪɫ
Ҷ˳£ƬѪɫעУ顣
Ѫɫ˳ضͨγһ޴ѪɫС
Ҷ˳ѪɫһȦȦǱʱ򣬽ķѪɫڲай켣ÿףһħ塣
ΪǴѪɫע֮УҶ治ҶӦҶɿжϳЩħΪҲǽǵ
Ҷ汾ΪѪɫħпǽѪɫûãҶȴ֣ħ壬ȴڲϵĳķʽѪɫעԼ
Ҷ沢û⡣
ҶΪħѪɫ㣬ЩħԼٴμӳ֡
ǣҶл룬Ҷͱħˡ
Ҷһ·룬Լһ£ʮ
ʮħҹͣѪɫעû㼯
ΪֹҶͳǵص׵ѪɫȻ˰﷽Բ
Ҷȷħ϶ڸʼħɡ
ǣ󷨵ϸҶ滹ü̽
ʱ˿̣֪֤̽ʵ鱨ã̽ϸû֮
ħʼħ񣬲Ϊߴ컯۷壬սǿ
ңҶĵģȴһ⡣
ʮǰħոսٺĴ½ħ컯ǿߣܺĴ½Ҳطǿų⣬ط棬ħսѹơ
ǣʮ֮ħѾĳ̶ֳ˺Ĵ½Ҷ֮ǰնɱ컯ħ壬־ή½ɱаħĽ
ǣͬήѪ꣬ǺĴ½Ѿһ̶Ͽħ֤
֮ʮǰ־϶ħѹƣѾʧ˻ߴȼˡ
ħʼħ񣬱ʮǰֻǿ
ǣڵʮʥΪָԭ򲻶û˿ʼħ
ǿ̫漧Ҷ治֪ʱܻóʲôģ
Ҷĵġ
ԣлᣬֹܹħ帴һλʼħ񣬾ͱҪֹ
ҶѪɫѪɫģһ·ϼѪɫеħϢҲԽԽǿ
ħ壬컯˾ħ壬컯񽫾ħ壬Ϲħ
һģѪɫע
ΪֹҶ滹ûпѪɫĹڡ
ûзѪɫĹڣ˵ûе󷨺ġ
ǣҶƾоѾ쵽Ѫɫĺˡ
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3288 ʼħ
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3289 ˱
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ֻҪصѪѪϢޱȣħ׷Ҳ޷ҵҶ档
Ҷ漱ٵ³
λ컯ԼжصѪ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷξһ͡
Ժжתǧͷ
ΪֹҶ滹û뵽ﱩ¶ˣ¶ħǱ롣
¶Ŀܣֻ
һͳڲ̽ʱ¶ڵصѪڱ¶
ͳڲؾʱ¶ħĳλܷ֣ǻ˵Ҷ·⡣
ڵص׸ʼħѪڱ¶ģǺͻ÷ǳֲ
ﱩ¶֣ħ϶ڵصѪá
ϾǱ߿ɵǱѪ˵뿪ʱҲͨѪǱ롣
ħĸ߲㵱Уûд෴ģս棬侫թ
ôҶʱ֮¼ݵصѪ󣬾ͼпһͷħĲõС
ҪһͷħħĴӪУҶ¾ǲˡ
һˣҶ漱ݵһͣСʩչݶ˵صҲ㵱УҶͻóһʩչݣսѪϢ£ֱصѪ
صѪһҶҪ뿪ļݵͨҶ治ΪĻɶʹ˷
Ϊ˰ȫҶʹûһԡ
ǻ԰ȫصѪǱûˡ
ҶĻصҲ㣬ھҪصѪɫɲǣҶͷͻһ
Ļײһ㼫΢ϸһ硣
紦ѪɫصҲ֮䣬ѪɫϢڸǣѹܷ֡
ҶĻֱϲӦ
ǴϵɲǣһŴҶĻǵص
ɲǣ·ѪɫУ̽һֻѪɫֻ֣΢΢߬ǴҶͱֻѪɫС
٣ӰʱˡѪɫУһѪɫЦŭ⣬ӦþǰطصѪɫħ
һλħ
ҶĻûκηӦ£λħ
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ħĻȻֹҶĻĴ߬ѹ£ཱུһݡ
ħʱʶϵˣǱߵĻ
ʶɲǣħɫһ䣬ѪɫֻĹ켣ŭţƻļһܲҵĵģ
ԶҲУһеҶ棬Ѫɫʡ


3291 
ӦһͷײɲǣҶԼ֮࣬ΪĳԤʱҶͷ֡
Ҷ֮ǰĳԤУǿľҪ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫˡ
ҶǿӲҲȫĳ˷ʽ
֮ǰҶðԪڰȫصһű챦顣
һҶҪԪڵһʱͨ屦֮ĿռϵǿнҶŲƳȥ
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪñĿռϵǿŲƣӴ󲿷ַռ󷨣컯Ƥӵ£Ҳ˲佫ҶŲƳȥ
ҲҶһԷͳǴ̽ĸڡ
зɲǣҶһʱ뵽ľǴ߶鱦ʮԪ챦顣
һͷȴҶ˲Ϣһ£ʱķ뷨
ʼħ
Ҷ֮ǰ̽ͳڵľʱޱǿӽҵĵط
ҶƣطĿֲϢʮа˾žħ帴ʼħɢĳ
οص׻һڰ븴θߵʼħ
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫı֮ռŲƣ컯ȴܹ컯۷ʼħ
ǿŲ뿪ɲǣʼħȥӿɾʹˡ
ֿԲС
̵һɲǼ䣬ҶȨ⣬ѡһ䷨ţҲзյ鱦Ԫ
䷨űҶɿԶðԪ
ǻħ߬ɲǣҶֱӾͶռڣռڵһʱ䣬С£һ΢ʯС
ȻеһУ˾ĬС
Ԫ鰢ҲϢ˼¡
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ҶصһأȻһصô
ȥʯľʣµľ顣
Ҷڶģ
ħ岻ܽͳĽͳͳһ顣
ҪĻͳҪȫ٣ص׵ĸʼħѪҲҪȥ
ҶҲ϶һ㣬Żڵһʱڡ
صѪڹħ޵أ⻪һһ֣ħһȱҲԺ֮ڵصѪС
أλͬʱ˹ħޡ
˽ʵ£ħһƣŭ
ǱǴĵصѪǱģҪܵһִƤӵߡ
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һ컯񽫵ĻŶ𣿡ȱüɭȻ
޷ȻħһƽԱҲ֮
һСС컯񽫣ǲҲӰҲ𣿡ħ޷
ãȱɫһڣȻ֮ǰЩˡ
Ϊ߹ħһ壬ħǵͷ
ûջ񣿡ȱҪ֮ʱʱڣǻλĲг
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˵ħƳһȱȻҲǱҪǻĳЩһ³˷Ƣ⣬񣡡
һħǱմȾϢľѪȱϲ
ֻҪסһƾѪͨѪǵͨطҲ˳ϣҳǱߡ
죡ж֮ǰǾͷͳռ䣬ΪֹǱ߿϶ͳڣϿҳȱߵ
ħޱһĴߴ£иһƱͷ˿ҪϸľѪ߶طƾѪоƾ磬ɢ˷
ȱҲһ˲Ϣ̽ѨĶһ⾫Ѫ֮ϡ
һɲǣľѪֻ˷̽һ࣬͸Ȼֹħüͷ塣
ȱͬʱ˹ħޡ
ô£
£
ħ޵ǿѪͷҵĶβŵӦʧȥ⾫Ѫ˵Ϣ
ӦðӳͳǣֻҪںĴ½ڣطܹҵȥһ磡ħ˵
ܣ
ȱɫһ䣬ֱһϢҿ
еսƷħѪʢȴסˡ
Ӧ˼ϢȱüͷҲƳһ۹ħȱͻһ£ͷ·ͶӰһе»ҶһƾѪ֮ϡ
ҶһƾѪǻ˹»ҫ߶£Ѱұ塣
»ҫ˼ֻ֮ԭشתκηӦˡ
ħѪͷһżֳߣȱɫѿ
ȻǱгصѪͨطٴǱ
ѣʱΨʡߣȱһ仰˲뿪ùħֱš
ô죿ʵ
ȷǱӦûͳطţֻҪͳڣǾһܹҳȱһȻ


3292 Ϊ
ͳ˧ڣ֪ħʦԿǰƱͷ˿ҪϸľѪڳԹط׷Ѱط֮üͷҲ
ô˵Ǳڻֵĵһʱ䣬һ統С֪ħʦε
ĿǰĿܣԿ϶ģǱ߿϶ûӻضӪ˵ӳͳǡ
ҪȻǵ׷ط϶нġȱ˵
ԣ֪ħʦԿ˿ң֣Ҳš
ģĳС磬Сĳڣ϶ͳڣһӶǸСڣֻҪһ뿪ǸС磬ǾͿͨƾѪҵȱ˵
֪ħʦԵ˵ͷ¾ͽˣţҲܷˣǱߣܽƻ
ȱ˵ͷĿǰֻˡ
֮ǳλͳͳͳһ飬ضܹҳߡ
ΪʲôС磬ֻҪͳڣվһЩۼ
ĺȴӰħеĴƣȻǲǵġ
죡֮󣬵ʦɣǱߵҲνˡ֪ħʦԲһ䡣
ȱȴǲÿɷȱѾܾ֮ΣһҪҵǱߡ
һСС컯񽫣ҲǰŪֶΣֱ֪

ȾǣӪڣͷȻƫĺȾǰе裬͵س𣬺ȵۡ
գĵǲһ£ͳǵķֿӪһһ̵Сݣ۽ֲûкȳڡ
еʥӪҪ⣬ʥҲӪ
Ѳ˾ǿѲƵڱ֤ȫ£ԴȽӽͳǡ
κη֣
ƽ׼ʿӪʱ׼
뱸ս״̬һͨҶµ󽫾ӡġ
ҶǰͳʱԼ˶Ԥ
Ϊһϸͳ˧㹻һ£Ƕڿֵܳͻ״ӦԤǱġ
ԼҶһǰ̽ͳǾ飬Ԥưʱ䣬һʱ䡣
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ҪǽǰûҶĴ̽һ⡣
ǣҶĻԼΪҶڵӪ϶ϵҶʱСһ߷
ǳ⣬Сķû⣬ôʹҶİȫû⣬Էжϡ
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Сķ׿ήʧʹ״ˣȫʹҶ󽫾һְ
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ͲӦñҶ˵Ҷǰȥա
һ˧ôܹȥӪ̽أ
ĵĻֱ޷ݡ
һ㣬ľҪȫѹͳǣԮҶˡ
գĿҶµС𣬻סˡ
Ĵ㡣
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ڣ͵ͳǵı仯ҶϢˡ
ĿʣӪУȻɱڡ
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ͬҶԤһ㣬ħ岢ûд󶯸ɸͳҳĲ֮ء
ҳǱߣƽȵĸصʼħô֪ϣԴ룬ӵҪ
ǣҶħǾ׷Źġ
ħ巢ҶǴӵصѪǱ֮ôħ᲻ģǱѾ˵صʼħһأ
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ʵϣҶռȻȫˣǵ컯Σܹ컯ƤӵϢʧֶΣôˡ
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С磬ͨǴĽģٴ
Ҷռ䣬Ҳ⡣
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ҶڲϵǿԼڸЩ˼ʮꡢ˵Ϲﶷ
κν֮ģȡ֮
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Ҫռ䲻
һħõĸʼߡ
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֮󣬵صѪУ֪ϣԴпܳʼħڣħͼпܵһλսȺĵ澳ǿߡ
Ƕڶԣһѣ
һҶڰ֮Ѿû塣
֮Ҷ̽鱨Ԥ塣
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ҶҪ֮ȻܷܴӦͻ䣬ƻħ֪ϣʼĿܣ
ңɹǰ£ɹҶ˧һΧܻĴ
һʱ䣬Ҷͷѹɽ
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˵ʵҶ󽫾֮ҶЩ־ҶҪ³çһͷͳڣǰ׻ˡ
ʵϣҶ֮ǰԤ֮⣬ҶΪԼ밲ȫ׼
׼Уÿһ׼ʵʩҶ涼ŲСĸ
ҶڵĿǵģȴеֱԼһ̴壡
ҪҪΪ֣ƾأ


3293 ƾ֮
ͳǣȱ߸ߵУһƱͷ˿ҪϸľѪȱط߶»š
ȱӣп»һķʽһγһͨ޷֪ȱ½磬Ǹһͳǣͳƾһ㿴ȱ½硣
ǿߵǿκİ׺Ϣȱ½磬ľ
һ֣Ͱٷ֮ٵĶžǱ߻û뿪Ŀԡ
һ࣬һּ䲻ɵƵʲϵĺɨͳǣѰſ֮
ͳڣʮλ컯λ컯ˣԱˣŸڵΣκ쳣ڵһʱز̽
ʽ£ǱѹûκǱӵĿܡ
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컯񽫣ǿȵ֮£Ҳ޷̫á
죡
ħ񹬹֪ħʦԸ´ǣʽʱ䣬ܲ׽ǱߣǴһ
ǣָǿȵѾһʱˣһ񣬲ħ񽫡ˣȴûκиļ
ħ񹬣µȱ˭ķ⣬ն˭
ͳУͻأģӰŵȱ͵۾ǰط߶ľѪͻȻͼʸһɳͶͳǵĶϷ
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ȱָһչָϾ͸»˲ؽ֯һϸޱȵĴ˲ؾͽصĳΡ
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ȱϲüҵɲǣҲһɣסˣ
ȱͷɲǣָһᡣ
һɲǣһ»ͱӵص»УһӰǷЦ
λĿ⿴ӰȱݺݵָȻصɢ
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ڣֵĴѲ˾̽ƽطֵһ̽ӵܺ͵ʮֹ
֮ǰѲ˾̽ӵһߣٽսս
ǴʼѲ˾̽ȴޱȵĺ¡ȻʼնɱҷΪĿġ
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Ȼŵ̽Ҷɲ̽ħѲǿһá
ڷһ˲ĹҶ淢λȥ׷ųĻɲǣɹСڵص׵ĸ֦΢ͳǵر
Ҳǵɽ
̽ķ֣Ҷ淢ͳǵѶȸˣ֮ǰеĸ
֮ǰ׼ֶĳֶУ˲Ϣ־ȫòˣҶֻѡ
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ҪΪ֣ҪΪֱƾ֡
Ҫ֪Ҷʵǿ󣬵λոߣһγ󽫾˧ҶʵѾΪ˺Ĵ½ؼΪִߣƶˡ
УӵΣ޴ڣִֻеֽ֮󣬲ſܻΣա
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ҶѾ뵽һΣռ󣬵༫ƾ֮
ƾ֮ؼ䣬˭벻ɣռУҶǣ


3294 ֿȵţħ
ͳǳǱԼĶӪڣţħ¡ŭЩŵĹرӪŴʱ򣬻֮£ȣȻʧֽӪĵľŸˤˡ
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ҵǣܱߵھӣǲԶִѰ컯û롣
෴ģԶһѲ߶ӵĵͷĿڵѯ¡ŭûʲôҪ˳ֵĸħڵĺڴǰάޡ
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3295 ȱ
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3296 ޴
Ҷ澹Ȼȱһȱնеɽһ֮ն˸ո˺Ǳ
ͷոһΪҶȱţһ
ʱ˿ִ̣ټ䲻òȫӦԡ
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3297 
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3298 ֵ
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3299 
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3304 񵽵
˧ҶʮλħĽ֮£ֻ˦鱦ɽķκξٶ
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ҲһɲǣҶͷɽͻһȻĪ͸˰ԾĵϢ
Ϸգһռ϶׵ĳ֣һƽɫⶸرų
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3305 
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޹˫µ۾ĿֻǴӴ¤ɽһɨͶתء
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޷ݵĳ˷ɢ
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ɲǼ䣬ħλʼħȫΧߴ
޹ڣλĿк¶һ˿ڴ֮ɫ


3306 
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3307 ն
ݻͿʼ鳤Ϊ˵ѼϷ۽֮ս˵֮С޹ڣµ̾
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ԣȴǿЦǵĵ·ֻ˵ǵĵ·ǴģǸǶԵġ
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3308 ¹
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ָ̫ħʼħ飬۾ȴŸոճֵжȸȴص⣬Ŀħʰɻˡ
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Ҳգ
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ֻǵͷȻ˲سħʼħ顣
̫漧ĵһɡ
նɱ飡
½ӳĹԲѣһʯ׹һֱײĳħʼħ顣
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ɣ
ħʼħȴЦʧܽԲѣ
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飬Ȼ
УԳҲЩ죬ԳС˵뿪̫漧Ϥ
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ʱؼ෨򲨶ͻȻǿޱȵĺἯһ
ڽֵУЩ߶աϵطǣȴǳ˴
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еӣ
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ΣҶޱȣ
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һɲǣ¹Ե£ħʼħǱһŸٷеʯһԽ֯
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ÿһɲǣڱٵš
Уһϳĳβһ飬һֻħʼħŶļХ
Хɲǣ֪ħʦ԰нĺħʼħصĴ֪ϣͻȻɫ䣬Ҳ˲أŭĶ
ϧѵҪű𣿡


3309 а
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ǿ̫漧ǴͨɱУмѰܹҳ㡣
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Ҷȥһʼ⵽شħʼħĿڣĿȴǴӽʼħɨ
˹֮ս˭֣ս󣬵𣡡
߳ȴһֱ̽ӿԺļ׵ǣĳȡУһѪֱӴڳ
Ѫɲǣһ޷ŨޱȵۻѪɷѪΪɢ
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ȸĽɫѪײһ߷̵ıɿߡ
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׼ȷ˵ǶĿħһܼǿ󣬾˵ʮǰͶԿܵĲ鱦
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壬֮ϣ˵֮£ǻ㼯鱦ڲһĴС
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ħʼħ鵱긴ʱΪҶԭ򣬱һȣսȻвĿħʰһˡ
ʱħʼħڵĴ֪ϣͷħʰʱ˾ϣ˶ĿħһرѪɷ
Ϊħʼħɱǲںģ֪ʲôʱҪŽ
߶ѪɷɲǣȴǶħʼħҶɷȻָ
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ҲֱʱڽĿةͲſ̫漧΢΢һ£ˣ


3310 ȸӥ
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ڴ֮ǰҶ滹塣
Ĵܿʦ׼壬Ĵڡ
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ħ컯ÿ˶һλܵʥ֡
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СϢĶսȦͬʱҶĿ⿴֪ħʦԣ֪ħʦԵ飬ҶЩ⡣
ҶԤУλʼħȫѹƣָһս֪ħʦԣʱ˿Ӧɥ
Ϊĳ̶ֳ϶ԣʱħѾȥ
ǣʱ֪ħʦԣһ֮⣬Ȼûжٵ𾪣ŭ뵣ǶûС
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ҶԪ˧ǲǾʤˣ֪ħʦ°һȴһѪ˲طͳǷ
󣡡
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ڴսħλʼħ񣬲֪ħʦѣתطӡɲǼ䣬ͳǷѪҵһһλʼħķ
λʼħֵļˣȻҲһĻȻóѪλʼħڣʼħ϶սǡ
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Ҷȴɫ䣬֪ħʦԣصѪ÷


3311 ʼ̳
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Ŀħʼħ֮ǰ̫漧شڵԵ£Ǵ߶˿İѪɷɴڰ״̬
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ĸ֣ޱ߼̵ͳԮѪۻޱߣɷѪ죬޷֮ڣעҶڡ
ֱͨˣҶѪڡ
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ʼħְֳѪɷѪɷɣ뿪̫漧Կʼ
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ʼ̳һֱʻ͵ͳǵصѪ⣬ҲȻ˿ة͵͵عҶڡ
Ҷ˲ؿʼٻָϢʼͬʱŭˣ˭춼Ҫ


3312 ħʽ
ħʼħҶǱˡ
͵һȦᡣ
ʱͳǵصѪħڵʼ̳ǿӳ֣ڳ͵ķ
һ˲䣬Ҷͽѹ׵ֶζ¶˳ͼŰɱ͡
Ѫ貵¡쳹ء
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ħһ屾;ٶȺͿռ䷨ٶռ֮£ħγһֿռѹƵĶͨط
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Ѫꡣ
ħķ׹⣬ؼаȴɱɷһУֱаɱɷѪȸ׹£Ч
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ʱ絶пռ䣬ֱնԺ
һʱ䣬ǿةͣӦЩѣٲ֮ǰ
λʼħУ˶ħʼħɴƣ鱾Ҳйϵ
ħʼħ̫ܿ漧ƴƽ֣ռһϷ硣
ǣҶλʼħȴǴռϷ磬ʼȫ淭̣ѹǵĶִ
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ⳡ֮սˡ
ܾˣħʧ϶ȴС
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֪ħʦԶԣʱ˿սĿ꣬ټ򵥲ˡ
ǰĶ˧Ҷ档
֮Ĵսʤˣնɱ˶˧Ҷ棬һβԪˣһͿأʱħնɱ
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ռڵһطԱѹơ
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ҶȴǺδᣬ΢˳Ϊ̫Ľڣ֪ħʦԡ
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Ҷͼܼ򵥣Χ֮£ֻڵһʱɱһл·
ħʰ껵ħʱĿ⽣⻮ƳգնħʱĿϵаѪУͻȻһѪ⣬ԼٶҶϡ
˲Ϣ䣬һ޷ݵճɬ֮дҶ浱ǰλãܲޱߵһҶĶԭأ޷ƶֺ
Ŀ
һ֣ħʰ껾ͶɱС
ħʱĿҶնɱ
֪ħʦԣʱ˷ɢҶעĴڡ


3313 ֪ϣľ
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ôħڴħȨħʱĿԲȥ
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ҶΪҲǿģⷴɣػḶ޴Ĵۡ
ħʰֳֵħʱĿط֮ӳ֣һǿȥıʱ򣬷ɶҶúõĺһˡ
ԣҶֻʱڣıԼһΧڵʱ
ʱ١
ԼʱԶôһ㡣
һʱ䣬Ƿǳǿǿġ
֪ħʦԶԣҶͷɢſֲ̫ϢĽڣż侫׼жϡ
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֪ħʦεĸֶԣ̵һɲǣҲˡ
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֪ħʦԵֶΣûȫĴ߷̫Ľڣһ֪ħʦԡ
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֪ϣķ߶ǾԮ֪ħʦԣʱ͸˲Ĵۡ
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һԣսС
ոտƵĴ֪ϣ۽ǵ䵽ǵڹϵɲǣ֪ϣ飬һαþ֣


3314 
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־֮ɫĴ֪ϣڵһʱķӦ
ԥķ˹ֱ˴ĹɴȭӰϡ
ٵˮˮѷ촦һѸ׵սϿյĸǡ
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ķޱȵ쳹
ʼħҶһһ롣
ֱʱ˲ſס޴󸫱ģȻһֻ۰ޱȵ֡
ñôãȵıĴ󸫣ˣִ󸫵ĻʺС֣ڳĿɿڴ
˽εεһŮһѪľ޸ͻأĳУӾϵ𺳣̫ǿˡ
ҶҲǵɵۡ
𺳵Լ
ҶעģȴǱ޸ɢĿֲɱ⣬޸׹ƣһȥҶˣһͽҶ˿ة͵ķ
ʺС߳ȵ
ողȥѪĿةͣæŻʺСһ񣬡ͷʺԣ
ҪУ˵
ʺСĿӲȻޱȵħʼħֱ˷񱬷Ĵ֪ϣϡ
޸ٴŴ֪ϣѪѪ¡
޸£ֱһ޸˴֪ϣѪѪ¡
︫
鱦Уųɱһ︫
ͬһɲǣ֪ϣ˫еѪ棬ȼոѪƽƣѪѪ£︫
նɱܳڵķħĳˣֻܳΪЦ
Ҳһɲǣе޹Уִ︫ͻȻֵĻʺСλ飬ͻȻͱޱ⣬޹ڣҲޱȹ졣
Ȼţ
ǵĺ𣿡
ͬһɲǣŪŰɱħʼħͷ︫ʺСɲǣиֲ˼֮ɫͬʱҵĲ
ô˻ᣬϲѡ
ȴ¹ԣͻȻͳ䵽˼£
꣬ѩһʼڣ


3317 ֮
︫ĻʺСΪϢ۷壬︫֪ϣѪѪڼ̵ʱײʮΣÿһΣȴƽɫ
Ҷ漫Ϊ㵡
Ҫ֪ʱĴ֪ϣͨطΪϢݵĴﵽ˵ĳ̶ȡ
ǻʺСִս֪ϣ£Ҳ޷ﵽ˳̶ȡ
ʵϣȴˡ
ֻܣһ︫ܳǻʺСء
һ㣬֮Ҷ𾪣Ϊһ־
˵ʺС֣ܹԿΪĴ֪ϣ
ôǲǴŻʺС֣ͬԶԿأ
Ҳ⵱ڣ¤ɽսս˲Ϣ˼ȵİȻ
ħǣһֶ뾡һа취Ҫ룬ܵʥǣȴһҪ¸ħ
δ˾ѲԭѪѪӰ죬ɱжϡ
ǻʺСִ︫˴֪ϣѪ£ɢ˴Ѫ⣬δ˾Ѳٴοʼɱ
ڹէ֣һͷ­Ͷط
ѲʱҶҲϵļ˳֣ԴӸҶ棬Ҷһ
ɱѲУڶʱǿԴ£ѲС
ڴͬʱ¤ɽսϣ֪ħʦԵһɹԶݡ
ʵ֪ħʦԲߡ
ʦ֪ϣǰδеŭѵħħ֮ȫڴ˵
ʦҡ
֣Ϊ֪𣿡֪ϣ
֡
ҧһҧ죬Ѫ䣬֪ħʦԻǽⱦĻݳ֮⡣
֣
Ǵ֡
ɹӶݳɲǣ֪ϣ̾Ϣ֪ħʦԺ𣬡ʱʵ򵥵ģţѵġ
סδܽһѵʱ̣ΣһҪȥ
֪ϣһ·һ֪ħʦԵ¡
ͻأģ֪ħʦĿһʹؿ˴¤ɽա
¤ɽУħħԴ¹Գ
ؽޱѪ꣬Ķ˶ݵѪ״̬С
Ī־ֱڣϢȻ
ħʼħˣ
ͬһɲǣħʼħļ̳ͻȻ䱬ڼӳִħ壬Ҳ׷ױѡ
еĵеֻʣԪꡣ
һǰս֧Ԯʱķ֮һ
Ҷ֪ϣϢͬʱ΢΢һ
֪ϣͫһ߶ѪѪѪ³΢Ĳе㲻ܿƼ
վǲһ㡭
֪ϣ̾һ죡
죬ΪͿڵ֮Ȼ޷̫ãʮеġ
һսսܾܹд
ϧǣ죬ֻıԴطǿ澳ʱ伫Ϊݲ˵
ʱ˿̣׶Ѿ֡
Ϊ֮飬ǵ½ʱͱִ︫ĻʺСץסᣬʹ
ʱڣȻֻƴԮˣ
ħʼħҶܿة͵ѪƴҲҵ״
Ҷֻ︫壬ԴѪսة͡
ةͷű֪ϣ͹ˡ
Ǵ汾˵ɷų棬Գһ壬ҲҶͻƾͻƵģֻÿ赲ҶһΣжӿѪ
ȥңʵҶҡ
︫ƻֳִ汾ںܣÿһι;ҶԴҶ⡣
ʼħչʼħڣܵıֶλǼġ
Ϣ΢΢һʼħҶԴ˱︫Ƶ
Ȼ̺ʱȴޱȼᶨ
Щ£
ǿߣȻֻǲȱҲǼǿ
ȱԱħʼħҶȡӵĻᡣ
ԱѪ⵲סʣҶԴа๣پ׵Ķս
˵Ҷһϸħʼħ
ʧȴʱǰӦħ
Ҷԣǳʱ˳ֶΪһܶȳһλħһλ
ӹȥɲǣҶĿ⣬ȴɨҶ档
δ˾Ѳ£ҶѾ˲ħԴ
˵СһɲǼľ־ĽҶԴԺ˵⣬ٵš
һɲǣҶͷȴס
Ҷ棬ħʼħҶԴŭͲƵ
˧ĳ̶ֳⳡսĵҲǰⳡսĸԴ
˵ħһδܵĸԴ
Ǻ⣬ֱѪӡ
һб๾ͷһתתҶ档
Ҷʧȴȫ߶ħѪɱа๣ֻҪ˳Ƴһ£ҶСС컯񽫣ͱɡ
նɱˣ˳ֵģ
ܹһͷĿڶΪħ˴εĴܰһƣֶΪء
а๳Ҷͫ˼¡
ʧȥ컯˭˵컯
һ֮ɱҶûġ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷ񾭾ͽ˼¡
ոջҶԱĿةͣδ󼱣ֱӴ汾ص֮ϣеʶʱһѪдǣҶԴ
һôôˣˣ


3318 ɽ
еĴ汾֧ʣ˵ʱ鼱֮£Ϊ˾Ҷ棬Ѿܲˣֱӽ֧ʵͶħʼħҶ
ȫ֮£д汾ӳ֣ٶҲǼ졣
ǣվһ
컯ǿ߽Уһһ
һ࣬ر
ҶսǺεȵķḻǿ󣬷˷ʱͽ֧ʵһУӦ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷһжϡ
֧ʣĿǰٶ룬Ի
նɱҶʱ飬͵Ĺ˲ֻ߿ա
жϣҶޱȡ
սΪɲǰ׸ġ
ͬģҶҲһɲǿĹʡ
һʱͷ˶ʱռһܵ뷨
ʱռ䣬Ŀǰ£Ա
ΪħʼħҶܹռ䣬Ҳûʱȥռ䡣
ǣҲܴ
Ҷ˳ְռأ
ҶɾԸˡ
ңҶռ䣬Ҷռ䣬
ռ䱩¶Ҷ棬Ѿˡ
λӦȫ̶һս
˶ϳ飬ΣԣɲʼħҶС
ĵһҪµֶΣҶǼʶˡ
ǷҶǹ½ĵӣмĿܣڵһʱĨɱ
ͬģֶΣ͸ֱӣȫʦ½ռֻҪóʱͻᱩ¶
ԣ򲻵ѣսϣҶǲ붯Щֶˡ
پҶҲԥó
ΪδΣնڵ£ȶȹµΣȻȫӦδΣ
ԭҶѾ˳ֻû뵽ةΪ˾Ȼе˵ʶͶ˳
ת䣬Ҷ˸󵨵뷨
ղСδΣպܻ
һɲǣҶ˫Ŀر֮ɫҶȫ߶ı־
ҶڣԴԺ˵⣬Ҳһɲǣػס⻪΢һִգȵסҶԴ
һʱ䣬Ϊ߲ӡصԭҶ涯˵ѹԴ
ͬһɲǣҶ˫Ŀʹ⻪͸䣬ǰĿ֮ͻȻͷ˼ı仯
ֹı仯ħʼħҶһʱͷˡ
ƺˣ
֪ٶȱˣ仯ҶͻȻͷ֣ԭϾͿԻɱҶ棬ͻȻֱңԶһ㡣
ָоܣܵҶֱѪ
ָоһȭϾҪҵˣȻȴķ֣λû䣬û䣬ԼٶҲûһȭҲˡ
ңҶоٶȷʵû䣬ǻɱҶʱ䣬ȴƺӳˡ
һɲǣҶһԶҲ޷Ҷĸо
ʱ䷨򣡡
Ҷ˲طӦ˹
һҶķа๶رһȦ׹⣬Īı˷

ʱ䷨չҲһ
䣬ܹıʱˣûгҶû
ԣʱ䷨ıģҲֻһΧڵһʱˡ
չֻһ
ֻҪͿȥ
ҶɲǣҶѪһţѪ
ʱƣҶ־ɼᶨޱȣ˵ѹȻ޷ҶԴסⲨɣȴҶԴΪⲨɶﵽʧ̽״̬
ţҩһһܴɣûжʹ࣬ΪʹӰж
Ҷ˫ɣʱƵɲǣҶոոӦܱߵʱָ㼸ͬʱֹ״̬
ҶеѪǲҪǮһ
ȴᶨ
ʱҶ˽䱸Ҷǿжһλ컯ʩչʱ䷨ܵ˺
һɲǣҶһĳ嶯
ǰҶ棬ѹԳֱ֮һӡ
ϼΣַɣͿҶԴ⣬䡣
ͻȻ䣬ҶʶһǳĿֲ⡣
ҲʶҶΪʲôҪô
ʱ䣡
ΪȫĹȡʱ䡣
ԭ͵Ĺʣǵ㲻Ҳģʱ
ϧҶȫ߶µʱ䷨ȴΪȡʱ䡣
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷð
Ҷˡ
һƵҶʱ򣬷а๺͵˺۵ķ״ܡ
ǣĹʣֻһ㣬ƿ״ܡ
м䣬ҶΪ˱ȴаҲˡ
ǵڷа๣ûҶȫӳ֣а๶رһʵ˱壬ҽһԳ˱壬һغɫ乳ҶԴҲֻѳ
ʴ˿編صĵҶԴ֮ϡ
̺ɽ˺ר˺ꡣ
һ֮£ҶԴͷٵڵһ룬ڵһ룬ȫΧû˼Ҷĺġ
ǣʵıʷ棬ȴҶԴϻһ޴˿ڣ˿ֱҶĺġ
ϱ߸ŵɽֱӾ˵ҶԴԴҶ˲Ϣͱûجج
ʱѾͷӹҪ߶ʶҶնɱ
ҲڴʱԴܷɣܴأеƶ˵ѹҶ棬ȴǿ˻ᡣ
һСĽḷ̌ҶѿԴ˿С
رþҶΪ֮ʱҲǻججġ
ͬһɲǣСĽľ̾ͺ谭ҶԴ֮С
츳ͨ


3319 ͬʱȤ
СĽľħʼħҶԴڡ츳ͨط
һɲǣҶͷѡ
һѡһ֮ǰħһ㣬ֻЩԴȫ
̶ڸҶռܺСܡ
й¶Ŀԣ΢΢
ΪҶֳһУ
ڶѡ񣬾ǽҶԴطӽʱռ䣬Сȡ㹻Ҷʱ䡣
ռ䣬С֮ܣһı¶ܡ
Сܱ֮¶ĻĿǰѾûʲôˡ
ռ䱩¶Ļ鷳ʹˡ
һ룬ֿתƵռ䣬еġ
鱦ɽ鱦ɽܡ
˲²⣬Ҳ޷Ͼͻɵռ֮ϡ
Ȼ¶ķջеģС
ǿǹעע⡣
ֻǣҶ࣬Щաֵ
һλΪߴ컯۷ħʼħԴ֮󣬿ڶʱڴȵҶĵ̣Ϊ
ڴ֮ǰҶնɱȱʹҶʵѾԿ컯ս
ңλ컯۷ǿߡ
ȻξЭҶ汾ʵѾﵽһǿĳ̶ȡ
̶ֳϣҶΪսٽһأ
һҶķǳҪ
һҪǿĺãҶ̤뵱֮¶ֵС
ᣬҲǳѵá
չҶҪնɱǿߣôǿսҲĻᡣ
ңؼ컯Ŀޡ
һսܹҶֵ컯ɾͲˡ
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īɫĹ⻪羮һСӿҶԴ˲Ϣϰٲ㡣
ҶһҶԴܴķа๾ͬʱƾʧ
ֱӱҶŲƽʱռ䡣
ʱռʱ˲Ϣ䱻Ҷǿд߶˼¡ٱʱ١
ҶҪ̵ʱڣСҶԴɡ
ҪȻħǲӪҶʼħġ
ֻҶΣա
ʱռڣ¾׹ͬʱٱطҶԴϿա
ʼħֶμ죬Ҷ治òһ׼
һ⣬ЩֶξͿڵһʱѹ
ͬһɲǣޱȵҶǰδط˲ϢС£Ҷ֮С
ҶԴδɢȴƾʧة֪һҶйء
Ҷ֮ǰֶΣ϶ǲҶģӦ㡣
һĿⶢҶһۣҲ⡣
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ҪȻĹ޷ҶԴġ
ִ汾ֹʣةͣϢüҵģ֮״
֮ǰսУҲǼأʱȻҶѾԸٲս
һǽսǿвսҲӲ˶á
סǰսѾʤˡ
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ҶԪ˧ֶΣҵĿѪͳҶֶ̾Σõĺãõĺð
Ҷֻǿͣڣ͵Ŀע£Ҷֻ΢΢䶯һ£Ѫֹסٴο
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ˣɣ
ǣԴܴ֮أ㷽γֵģȻ֮ʣҶĿ⣬ٴһ䡣
Ҷ棬еĻҪһ
ϷԴһѺ֣ԴˣȴǡΡ
лˣԼԣҶ϶ĳʵԴ̫ˡ
˵ѹҶԴѾҪˡ
һսҶջ񼫴󣬵ǸĴҲ
ҶԴûܹصơ
У޹ڡ
λüͷ΢壬ͬҶʧһĻ
ʱ䷨˧Ȼʱ䷨򡣡淨֮£Ҷ淽Ŷʱ䷨Ρ
ֹʱ䷨ڵĽСĿռرҲǼȲȻܹһλ컯Դ
Ŀǰ鱨֮ǰսд˴ħĴ¤ɽ֮սҶ
ţٴսǰڣҶġ
λɻµüͷԽԽ壬ΪڴϸӦ˵Ϣ
˵⣬Ҳ⣬ά壬նɱħЩ˵ˣҲ˵
ǣϷǾĲµǰûע⣬ŴӶʱ䷨֮Ϸ¹۲Ӧһ£ûʲô֡
ǴӵĳЩϢȴϷһϤĸоʵǹ죡
ͻһŴ¤ɽҶķ΢΢һ֣Ҷ͵Ĵ汾⻪΢˸üͷҲ
͸ϢľϷȴʲô£ңϷܹһġ
ȻҲǴǱ˵ԭ򡣡
ҵǶǸ߶ҶԴڵľȤ˵
ؼ䣬ͬʱȤСһǼټǺġ
µͷֵȻˣǾȲɣԽ·ּӵĵϸ


3320 ʦ
֪ϣҲħʼħڵĴ֪ϣһּҵķʽⳡħ֮Ĺ֮ս
ħһ֮Ѫ磬ʼħررѪѪ£ڴ֪ϣȫ߶֮£ݺݵԻٰײһ
Ѫ绹ѪѪ£Ǳȼ鱦Գϵر
ڴ֪ϣȫ߶£ѪѪµһţѪдһǰƿ뿪
ѪѪѪĶײѪ·򣬻д֪ϣʼħص͵سǵѪڻ
ײһ𣬾ײһ𣬲˼ֲӦ
ԭײ֮µܵͷţӦġ
Ǵ֪ϣȴǲһǿеĴ룬˿̫漧
ıѾ˵
ʵ֪ϣһġһܹɱܻʵۼҲ̫漧
ϧǣʵչ黹ô֪ϣʧˡ
̫漧ͷԪ˲Ϣ両ӰܲǾӰƺŤռ䡣
֪ϣһα֮֮һԪŤռڣΡ
ǲ֮һҲʮ־ˣȻǿ̫漧ҲòȫӦԡ
Ҫǣ֪ϣһɹĻ˴뿪ʺС
һѪһɲƿؼ䣬ַ·ؼŰѪ·ն˿̫漧
֪һȳĿħʼħ֮࣬˳նɱܻʵۡ
ȸ˲Ϣնؽɫ⣬ˮò
ɫѪɫ⽻֮֯£ƺʱ䶼һɲͣռ飬Ļ籩
һ˲ϢҲ֪˶ٵǣ̫漧ջˣΣÿε˰׿⣬ÿһΣжһѪ
ŴܻʵΣѪ֪ϣи޾ʧΪҲһɲǣط߶ﵽ۷ϢϢΪѪѪѪµĶײ飬Ϊʼħزûɵںϡ
֪ϣϢʼٵĵ䡣
˵ǿʼɢ
ѪѪ±飬ʼħصرʼɷɻңֳֻѪĴ֪ϣԴ
ʱ˿̣֪ϣԴѪȴٴȼ˹⣬ڵĻҰ֮档
ͬһɲǣħ񹬣̨ͻȻ䱬˺ĻҰ׹ԣ͸һĪĲҰɫħ񹬣ӳʥǡ
һֱѹսǣҲ˲ػصѪ֮ڡ
Ҳһɲǣ֪ϣ
飬з
֪ϣ߳䣬¤ɽսϿյĲսͷҶ뿪̫漧ڣͷһֻϸֱʵĻҰ׹ߡ
էһڤڤޱȣȥĳؼع
գִ
ֳڵɲǣ֪ϣѪ񣬶ػһſ̫漧ķһ
ɲǣ֪ϣѪϢڼ̵ʱڳɢֻһִϢɢ˴鱦֮ϡ
Ҳһÿ̫漧ͷֵĴ۵ĻҰ׹ߵĵϡ
һϣһ޷ݵľ㤸о͸Ҷͷ
̫漧Ϣƺؼɢһ
ԶĿ̫漧ϢΪҰ׹һϣȻбס
Ҷ󺧡
ħ֪ϣִϣȴǸһ˿ݡ
ƴȴУĵ鱦Ǵ˴ܻʵĴ½֣ܻʵҲػɢ䡣
ô⸶дۣҲֵˡ
̫漧ĹЦͻ쳹
˵ڣӣ֮£˵ħסʵԿɱޡ
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һЦ֮󣬿̫漧ͻһ⣬ֱʣǴ۵ĻҰ׹ٴθ֡
֪ϣһʵ̾Ϣδִ͵ɢ
ƶõ鱦ǣ˲ع⻪һӶݡ
սҪˡ
̫漧ʺСͬʱֶΣͼ²սǡ
΢һ˸ǡô˷Ŀմһƾʧ
Զͳڣ߶һŴ֪ϣµľѪǽ֪֮ħʦ͵سŴ¤ɽڵأʦǵܰ
ǹʹʦ֪ϣ䡣
ͬʱĿħʼħҲͳڣ֪ħʦ˵ʲô͵֪ħʦԵȳƽϣ
֪ϣƴֶΣûɱ˿̫漧һĿ꣬ȴǳɹˡ
ɹǣס˿̫漧öĿħʼħг˵Ļᡣ
ֻҪħ廹һλʼħڣħϣ
ͬʱѪѪ±֮ӰķΧطϢޱȣѪ·γ޴ڵĿռ
ǿδ˾Ѳʱ˿޷ΣֳֻΡ
෴ģħǣȴˮ׷׽ʼ
ܵʥǣĵĴβ׷ɱ
Ҷ棬ǿŴ֪ϣ鱦Ӷݵķ
ڷţΪ֪ϣ䣬Ϣ˶ݵĿհףȻҶתһĪĸӦ
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷˡ
ǣӦҲʦ½ʦ


3321 սĹ
ħ˫ǿڴ¤ɽľսԴܴʤ
սħλʼħУжĿħʼħڴ֪ϣԮ£ɹ룬ΪħĿǰʼħ
ħʼħ顢ħʼħҶħʼħҲʼĴ֪ϣ䡣
䣬λʼħ񣬽ʬ޴棬޸Ŀܡ
ܷ棬ةˣʱսܴᣬɿսȴ
ִ︫ĻʺСȥ
̫漧ڴ֪ϣľķ֮£ܴᣬƲء
սɱԼ
֮£ЩǴһδ¤ɽ֮սʤĿŵĴۡ
ŵĴۣͲ˵ˡ
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3326 
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3328 ̴
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ʰǰһְڷöӰʰķϵ£öӰڵΣϵַ֡
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ΪϺ㣬һʰӾֵĿܡ
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ܣʰϺ㡢˻亹졣
գʰ˾ߣȥǵӼΪϹֻˡ

ʥӥ硣
ͬϢҲִܵʥӥͥһ·ϴֱʥӥʥӥ
ʰյ鱨鱨ӰִʥӥʱѾʥӥͥ鱨Լ֤ϣ鱨жϡ
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Ǹӣ϶ҪǾֻܡ
ûϢʥӥʹʥӥʧʮǰҴ棬ӦñҸɣȥ

ͬһĻҲڣƵ鱨ֱӾһ活ʡ
活ʹʾ֮活ϵʥӥȻǰ
磬Ծ͸Եһ㡣
ΪҶԭ򣬻ڷֳɡ
һΪܶԪ˧Ҷк̫ܿ漧ӦҲᱨ
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ڻ磬ҲƾУĲɿ˫Ҳֲ¡
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һ塢һ塢һ塢һռݿȻҲյƵ鱨
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Ĵ۸ʩֶǰʱ峤ͿȴǷһޱȸӵĳ̾
ô꣬ڵˡ


3329 ʹ
Ͳǵʲô𣿡
ǰǰҶϴ㲻Ӧǵɶôⲻ춼ôˣ
ʱռڣ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪԪ鰢Ⱥ󿪿ڣһǷҶǮģ
Ԫ鰢˱ﲻסпԭ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪҲﲻסǾʹһ¡飡
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˵ʦ½̬ȣӦò١
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ͻȻ֮пͽǴͿ־壬֪
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á
Ԫ鰢ѵõһ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫͬ
Ҷѵõ徻
Ԫ鰢һ仰ͽҶ䷲Ҷϴ˵гƵĻʹ
ƵĻʹߣҶ۾һ


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תһ룬ǲˣɲسƣֱϵɡ
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Ҷͷһһʱ뿪ʱռ䣬ȻǱ޵Ǳ֮һ̤ͳ˱ڡ
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ȻŲƣҶĿǰҪ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫæ
ܿģҶͼ˻ԼƵʹߣʡ
ˣҶ֪ǲµʹ
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˵߲¶ˮ֮ˮһ㣬ԴЧѣΪԴ˵ҩϵļƷΪܹԴƵĵҩΪƷҲΪ
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˵ûʱ䣬ʵҲֻǽڡ
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ʦ㱾ΪҲͻͽ
ηɰ׼ΪһҪڽޡ
һϵʱ仹ں򽣵ҶʱռֻΪΪѡ
ⱱǵĽƲʢȻΪʦηɰ׸½Եʡ
Ҷո̤䳡ǣ֮£ʦηɰ׾Ӧ
һ
תŽٽ󣬾͵ػһ콣⣬նҶ档
һתߣǾλ컯˾Žٽ̡
֮еط׷飬Ԫɢʧ
ؼ䣬ƺʣһƺƵǵأȴһ㡣
Ҷȴǲܡ
ʦ㣬Ҫıɱ׷𣿡һЦҶһָӭ򽣹⡣
ʳָ˲ɽӭеĽ⣬ֻһ㣬뽣Ȼײһ
Ҷʳָһɲǹ⻪תеĽϵطؼڽеĽϵط˲ϢҶָ۱仯ָɵ𡢳ࡢջתɭ֮ɫס˽⡣
Ľ俪Ļǣ⻪հҫĿ
ɢҶɢŽʸеʳָϣȴһѪ
ʦ㣬ӮˡĨȥָ˿ڣҶЦ
ηɰȴǰҶһۣսҶ˰˳˽ӳֻ֣һָˡ
Ҷȴɫʦȴǲ֪һָȻڽϵطϵΪԾϼֿռֶΣŽסһ
ʦһն񽫣Ҷ˵
Ǳ˱Ҷôһ䣬Ҳ͹ȥˣʦηɰȴҶĵϸʱϵֻһϵͳȴ˵
ŭ
󣬾תٽһԣηɰ׽߳
Ҷȴǰð亹
Žٽת˵á
Ȼȫǵ̣תӳֿǳɱɱġ
Ȳ˵ܲܽӵסҶƣסҲؽˡ
ʦ㣬ҴؼһˣزأҶͻ˵
ʦηɰ׵͵ضסжʱ͸һɻ
ؼң
ǰⲻǼ

˲أηɰ۾һͷӦ˹Ҷؼҵ˼ˣӦǻ½
ȻҪأʲôʱ򣿡
˺õʱ򡣡꣬Ҷæߣʦηɰ͵طӦҶתƴ󷨡
ֱߣʦηɰ׶Ϻȡ
˧ˣʱ


3331 
а˰䳡˳Ҷ棬˴ĴָҶΪ˸Ҷ볡
һ˸߿ˣǸҲҡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊ˻ἰɫ԰ס
ô˵ˣҶü
ˣˣ
˭
ʶһͷơ
Ҷڻνͷʱ򣬶Ȼ
ϲȴϵó
˻ɻңҲϵó
װ仯峤Ϳ
̸֮ҶһӣռŽ⡣
ҶԪ˧㻹ǵϴӦ׻۵飬ɣͿʵ
Ҷ˲ϴεԼ˰׻۵澫ѪСèͻѪͬʱ嶯ɳĲúԮΪҶһŵһɳһ˵ĳŵ
˧һԾŶȻôҵˣҶʵ
ҵˡ

Ҷע£ͿһûκϢĴָڣóһɫķ
һϳصɫ
ƣһصϢڡ
ɫóʱػʹڣԴ軨ĻʺС͵һתͷͿ˱ķ
ҵˣȻҵλСʦܣ£˼˭ҲܿӱСʦšʺСҲҶʦ½裬˼
Ҷ˧׵ɳƻɳٸӦϢͿԾͻ񡣡˵䣬峤Ϳ˫ֽضϷʸҶ档
Ҷӹɨ飬ûʲô쳣ȷʵԵϢ
ŷҶһζĿͿ˵Ϳ峤òҰɣ
治ɣ
ͿæҡͷҡȴüͷҶ˧ϷҲǲ֪
Σտ϶УҶ˧ΪֻҪСģӦò˼Ҷ˧ңлɳ֣Ҷ˧ǰȫġ
Ҷ˵ͷķʵȵ˭ܵøҰɣ
ԣͿٴοЦҶ˧ϴµ˺üˣŵʵʱ
ȳĻ˭Ϸʵǲ֪
ӦһλĴܣǲл꣬Ҳǲпǻ嵱䲻İ׻ҲҺľβҲппȸ
Ϳһ˵üʧ֮ҶſͿʵ
Ҳжϲ˭ŮҲ޷жϣΪʱŮ÷ϵķϣûرԵŮ
ֻ˵⼸λпܡ
ҶģľβĿԴһ㡣
βԤʾҲǴӺԺľβĸʸһ㡣
ҲпǾβΪĺ·
ˣӦòɣҶʵ
һ㶼ֻϴԤʾѡͿͷҡĸ˹һ
ͺá
ҶöϵķͿ峤Դһ£ҲӦ˵ˣƻָһȥһɳҶ˵
ȻͿ˵ɣҶҲܷӡһλ˯ĵط϶򵥡
㼸ȥĵ˵ʲôأ
˵ͻԤϲΣա
ΣչΣգҶһԾŶ
ĺô˳ŵȻҪ
Ȼ֪Ҷ˧ˡͿҾˣϷ͸ˡ
ã㡣
ҡ
Ҷ潫ǫõ峤ͿͳͳŵʱͻȻ䣬Ҷһݣ̧ͷʡ
ʣҶӦĪƵϢ
һɲǣ峤ͿҲӦʲôֵĿʵɲǣеϢʱ
¡
棿Ϳͣ͵׷ڵأϢһɲǼ;³ײͻسֵĺƺƵλϢ
λƺƵϢգ˲Ϣӳ֮ʣҶɸֶͷ죬κιܡ
䳡ڣʦηɰϢѹƣͣһɲǣ߳һ˲ؾתڣʦηɰʼƺƵλʦϢӳ£վ罣һ㡣
ͬһɲǣػʹ̫漧طеۣһ̤˶󣬿еλֳշЦ
ʺ½ٴֹͣǰĲ軨︫ϸУ⻪²
͡Ѳںͷ׷̧ͷա
ҲֻһɲǼ䣬ϿսһӰؿա
ħ塢塢塢塢塢ɳһ컯ǿڵһʱ俴ʡ
һ֮컯֮£ķܹӦһطϢߣ㶼ա
ˣĪĿ־й
һɲǼ䣬ʣ͸λշࡣ
ֻҪںĴ½ֻҪΪﵽһ̶ȣܿλʱֳշࡣ
һĹؼгɵߵĿ⣬еؼ䡣
һΣλ죬޸˼ĺĴ½ռݡ
󣬺Ĵ½սҶȣͿʼ
컯񽫼¿ֲսûã컯ҲԲս
ٵڣ컯ǵ漶ҲԲսĴ½սκϵơ
Իȫ
һΣλٴؼ䣬϶д䷢
ֻ˭Ҳ֪λҪʲô


3332 
ʺƵϢ𾪺ģú߲ĿУλ޴շ࣬ͬʱһָ
λķָɳһŻ⻪У˲ϢͻһȭͷСİš
İųֵɲǣͿʼеһС
աԪơǹ⣬ֻҪķΧᱻǳɽȥ
İŵڷٵţƺҪһ㣬ĪҲ塢龪֡
λҲһɲʱַÿһԣֱ飬Īİ
飬УΪ
ݣѪƯƣʬͿ̼Ϊ
иһŭ췣
и˴սನǧɾء
Ỵ̄
Ỵ̄
Ỵ̄
λֱġȲ̡͸޾ı˵黳ǻá
ؼ˶ܿͨ飬޷ڵأʹ飬죬ŭˡ
֮ĴսһನǼ
ǰֻܾ塣
ʱһᣬ׷չ¶
֮࣬˾Ϊص棬Ϊǣɷбжȡ
ԣͥȣɷ֮ࡣ
һؼмڣ󲿷׷׹ذл棬ǵеĴˣ׵Ҫʲô
ǣذл
Ƿˣ
壬Ĵ½飬ǿ˻δǵģ׷л֮⡣
һʱ䣬Ĵ½澰֣죬ߵףǧл档
Σؼ˷Ը
ЩԸǵɫԽԽ࣬˽ɫ
һԸɵĽɫӺĴ½˷ֱλڡ
ԴΣλ治ϲһּ䵭Ȼ˵ǵĵ
س컯֮֮س֮ʱ컯֮֮
ˣҵô֮Ƭ컯ͥͥԼ񣬿ɷбжȡ
컯ͥɷб𣬵ھ֮ڡ
ˣպݻ죬Իݻ죬Ϊ컯֮ͥ
գ쵱𣡡
һʣָᵯӺԸĻڡ
һ˲˲󣬱ñͬʱ˲Ϣܲ˺Ĵ½ÿ䡣
գ쵱
ָᵯٴӵ鹱׵Ը
ɲǣѾܲÿһƬյĻιţͻһΪţۿȥԼԼоأȥ
ϸÿһضޱȹӰݻһڣڴʱݻУƮ죬͸飬ɾ
Խ𣬾켴ǺģļǾ졣
µԸոշľ𣬾ˮ󺣣ǧ뺣һηľ죬ʼգı̸
Ϊɵߣʱ˿̶ԸӦ죬˵ĸӦУϢŸڱ̸
νԳ档
ӽ𣬾Ľһ塣
ڣ̫ܿ漧۾գй⻪תʲô
ڣʺ½ĿһĻкŨ︫ɱ£֣Ȼڼơ
ɽڣҶλʦ࿴һĻ
ԴʦַΪ׵ˣһĻȴûκμ֮ɫһķŭ޺޵߬ȭ
У¹ԣٵķ趯ţһԹһĬĬĿλʩչ
УλĶڼ
ǺȴѾһĻˣˣͨ
׷׹ݲѡ
ںϵʱ䣬˰ʱʱ֮ڣλȫʩΪͶ磬ںϡ
ʱ֮󣬱˵ͨߣҶǿ̫漧ˣϢӦĻѾ޷Ӧ죬ֻԼԼܸӦ֮ϣв
һɲǣѾںϡ
Уλշһ
ֻǾб֮ΣȽΪ֮ԽžŰʮһ֮ڣڽ㼯ĵءˮ硢ǿ
žŰʮһ֮ڣȲͽǻ
һֳڣλշͬһ˲ɢ


3333 ٲ
죿
컯ͥ
Ҷţ֮ɫ
ǰ油죬죬ų˾컯ͥ
󣬵νķ֮ս
˵û˸Һӡ
Ȼ˵ǰߺ֮һͻᱻ컯ͥ
Ҳǽ
˰Ҷڣνķν컯ͥңԶ
û뵽࣬λдֱʡ
һ֣ͳ׳ɾ˾졣
ҶĸӦͼʶԿóǰλɢʵľ죬ֻһӡ
нƾĺԸǾĻ
ò˵λͨ˵á
̶̰ʱؼ䣬ؾͱ»֣Ϊء
ҶǿʱȻԼԼԸӦжһؿռݡ
ؿռݣʱڼޱȵǿȡ
ӦǾһĿռݡ
̶̰֮ʱ䣬λǰĲֶֺΣʵӲĴ½ֶ໮ֳһ
˫Ŀ΢գҶͿĸӦؼиϵԪؼչ⻪ǳֱ֮شԪ⣬һɲǣͶ˸ոɵľ졣
ңֹЩ
ؼ֮ؼΪԭѪɷͳͳͶ˸ոɵľ졣
ʱ˿̵ľ죬ͱһ޴ޱ޵׶źĴ½һ
ڣʢݻ
ҶֻԳȡ壬ԪһͬľฺҲصͷ
Ҷ浱ɢꡣ
Щ壬ҶûκӰ죬һ֪ûʲô仯ûҪ
ͨ߾Ͳ˵ˡ
ͻȻ䣬߶Ҷ棬գ۾΢΢һС
أƺͻȻ䲻̫һˡ
ҶӦУĴ½ط򣬴ûǴ˿һ͹˳
ڴ֮ǰĴ½ط㣬Ŭܾãܿһľ
ڣĴ½طԾչǰԿۻơ
һתҶˡ
ģǾĸԴǺδʱĴ֮룬ҲĴ½طںϺͱ仯
ַȺ΢
Ҳ㹻ˡ
һһĶҵѶȣҵѶȣͻɱɱĽ͡
Ĵ½طǡ
δİʮһ죬δļʮǼ죬ǲĴ½طõĻᡣ
һϸ΢ĵǲط򣬾͸ǰһˡ
һˣҶ;ģбҪ֪ͨһˡ
ʱڣɣطЧ°빦Чջ񣬿ǰļǼʮϰٱ
Ҷ񣬾Ϳ峤Ϳڵأһ𺳵ĿգµѾ뿪Ϳû
컯ԵûйͶأѾ㲻ˡ
ҶעӣͿ񣬲һ亹
죬컯ͥأҪţͿЩʧ˫Ŀ𺳡
ǰҪ䣬ֻǣдԵҶ˵
Ե֣Ϳһ񣬲Żָ
лҶԪ˧㣬ȷʵˣԵţֻǴԵҲŴա
˵꣬ͿҶ湰Ҷ˧Ϸʹ˱ϢҶ˧֮
ţһġ
ˣҷŹأȻطԾǲط򣬽°빦ջˣͿϿɲҪˡҶ油
뿪Ϳ΢΢һٴתҶһʵ⡣
˵ʵΪѹûз
ʱҶ㣬Ϊ»дȵ
ֵش֮ΪԽߣǶȹش䣬ѰԵá
лҶԪ˧ָ㡣
һ£ͿֵˣһǸҶԪ˧ˣз塢塢塢ʥӥ塢Ҳħȣ̴¡
˵Ϊ̫漧Ĵԡ
ԣҶ濴ſڵͿ¶ЦЦ֮ɫһΪ㲻˵أ
Ϳϸһ˿֮ɫ˿֮ɫת˲ͱϺٺһЦɢȥ
Ҷ˧ϷԳϣϷȻҲˣϷˣмֵߵġ
ٺһЦҶҲ˵
ͿȴһأҶ˧Ϸٶһ졣
Ϳ뽲
ҶԪǴܿ۸ǵ油죬ͥϹ֮ʱĴ֮ĶԹ
˵Ϳ̾һĳ̶ֳϽ飬Ĵ顣
Ϊ̣Ϊʤ
ԣҶԪ˧һλǺ¡Ϸģؼ£ٲһ㣬ͻһ㡣
˵꣬Ϳһ֣תʹʧ
Ϳ뿪ıӰҶи־֮ɫ
ͿϵϺ꣬вһ£Ȼ˼֡
ȻҲпϺ֪ʲô
һȰҶٲ룬ʵ⡣
Ҷأ
ѡ
ϹŴܼԹĶԾôƽ½״²ӣΣܲ
Ϊ̣Ϊӡ
һŮɢһ㣬Ҷָɳ˷
ʥʥͨۻԡ顢İȵȣͬһʱյҶĴѶ
ʮһ֮ڣط򣬽°빦֮Чջƽʱʮٱ

أȥ͡ġƽ˵ľѪܡѲں͵ˣڵһʱִػʹڿ̫漧ߡ
£ʱ죬Ҫͥ϶ͼıСδȣǳô˻ᣬ죬Σƽڵ
㲻Ϊ޾ʦҲȳһڶƽ
̫漧û˵Ŀȴǿ͡
ƽٲãҲܻ٣˵
Ϊʲôڳ˶͡
ܼ򵥣λ֮죬Ϊ˸˵ˡ
˵ˣù𣿡ƽ⡣
ҪùֻҪü֣ɡ˵䣬ةֵָǬָ˶ȸ
λü˵˱ӻôǵвȼСȻҪģһ
˵λ֣֮бӻ顢Ը־˭پ죬Ȳ˵ܻܲٵˡ
ؼ䣬ԣܺõˣ
ͣڳ˷׷׵ͷ
Ǿ죬˵ˣλյĿģ졣˵
λ죬ǻǵĺã˵Ȼ
ԣһΣֻ񣬶ңһΣҲбһš


3334 һǧ
¹ڣ⻪΢һտͼͻأĳ֡
ʱ¹ڵտϢ絴¹ڵתĹ⻪ƺŷտĺ
տϣϲɫ
ʦҲµĳȫ£ΪǴﵽĳ̶ȣԵϣȴôһ㡣
ʱȴӵ淨ּ˵Ⱥ
ͻأģ¹ԭŷտתĹ⻪ͻȻȴµת
ͽݼʦ𡣡տæΰݡ
Ըˣµʵ
ʦѾˣͽоΪѾﵽ磬ȴʼղôһ˿ʦ󡣡տ˵
šµ˵ͷѾڵ
ν޼޴ڡ
ֻԸ̻Ϣ̫ŨȻ޷ִ
Ȼ̣ܽʦָ㡣
ɸأȻɡµĻЩʧǹĵͷ
أҲʱͲ˵ˡ
һ꣬ʮ꣬Ҳܰǧꡣ
տʧ֮࣬µԣֵ֮ʱӦ֮ˣ
˵䣬µָᵯΣÿһζһⵯĶͷû
Ϊʦһԭ༫ѡ
ֵ֮ʱһ嵫ֻиı䣬Ի
仯ϸ΢ԣϸ΢仯ȴӴ̤֮µ˵
ϲæл
ͻ֮ʱѹϢɺ羡֪⣬Ϊʦзּһݣšµ浯ָɳһ򣬷տ
ʦּⷨǣ
̤֮ʱٿɣ컯ͥʱ򲻿иµ˵
һ컯ͥٴδлʦɫʦģӱػȫԸȴҲʦʧ

µ濴һֵۣѴΪʦʱΪʦ㡣
ʦأΪҭ
ȥʱޡ
µּ䣬տξʹʧ
ƵһĻ蹬ͬʱš

ģҵط͹ԣҶԣҲһޱҪᡣ
һС
Ҷڵһʱͻתʱռ䡣
£ҶҪȫȫĸӦؼ෨ϸ΢仯ɲԴһ㲨ԴҪȫת
ԣԴġ
֮ҶҪȽԴκãȥĸ͹Եط
ҵǣҶʱռ䡣
Ҷƣи죬ҶԴƾܹ׻ָˡ
Ҫûʱռ䣬Ҷ¾ҪˣѷĻԵҪˡ
ˣ˷ʱ䣬ҲҶޱȡ
⵱еʧֱ޷
Ϊ֮ҵĵȣģʱĲЧջõġ
ʱţҵȻԽԽСԽԽ΢ջͲЧȻҲԽԽС
ʹʹҶʱҲֻץʱָơ
ڽʱռ֮Ҷؿв¸ոˮ϶񵤡
͵ģÿ϶
˵
Ҷ浱ʱռ̷һš
Լһ֮Ҷͻ۾дż־ϲ
ˮ϶񵤣ԴƵЧˡ
Ҷţ֮Դϲƾȫʧָ
Ҷȡ˼䱦ʱ䡣
ʱռһ죬ҲͰӵĹ򣬼û˷Ѷʱ䡣
һҶʹʱռ뿪һ̤ͳĳʵλãյʼؼֱ仯
һ߸һߵԴڳطӳ֤
ط͹֮£ʱֲջ侪ˡ
ǰħʼħҶɶĴĺطڴʱõӡ֤ɿתҶԼ
ҶΪ裬һǧš
ϵŴǰսɵÿʱỵ̈Ϊط͹ԣҶ滹Լջ
صұ仯У෨˹òܹ׵Ĳ׽
һ£㲶׽Ҳ
ҶСȵĸıʱʱ΢仯Աȣط͹Եĸϸ΢صԣҶջӾˡ
һջ񣬱ȹȥһ껹Ҫࡣ
еĵҶ棬ոһУϢøӵ£ɬ


3335 ֪㳣

ת˲Ѿࡣ
¼䣬Ϊں϶ط͹һµߣ
ڶѾ½֪Ĵ½һ糱һ޴
ͻƿʤ߽ط͹ͻƵͻƾþ޷ͻƵĵ
ٲ־߽˻ͻƵ컯˾ϣȻ޴󣬵ĿͲˡ
Ͼ߷ط͹ʱط͹ԵʱѾˡ
͹Եʱ䣬Ծ֮ǰʱ䡣
ǰʱ䣬͹Եطǰڷǰһ۲ӡ
ң֮ڣһջĺôջĺôҲر
֮طȻ͹ԣи֮ߵջȼ١
˵һջǧջǰٱ֮󣬲õջ񣬾ͽʮ
ط͹ȻڣѾ΢΢ȻԾãջһ㡣
ڼ䣬ȫͻơ
ϤҲڼĽ࣬½һͻƵĻᡣ
ֵһ˵ǣЩ˺ܶࡣ
粻ǿߣþδȣǰ̽ܲջ
ЩøֶָδںϵľߣֻһھؼۼӹĳϫΰУҷ
ⳡɾĴǿҪˣջԴͬ
ջģһʼͷһˡ
Ҷ档
Ҷߣһ档
Ѳ¶ΪӵҶ֪ͨΪΪڽϵġ
Ŀջ൱ڿʮ꣬취ʮ꣬ͻ֮Ϊ֮
ʦηɰףٴͻͽûͻ컯񽫣ֻΪ۲
ֻҪʱռǱ£ͻơ
羸ʥƺʥԡ顢ˣ඼ʦηɰһһط͹ԣͻƵ컯񽫵ϰɨֻҪΪĻˡ
ҶԼջ񼫴
࣬Ҷط򣬾ʹﵽһ״̬µԲ
ʱ䷨һط͹£Ҳ
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¯ռ䡢ʱ෨ӳҶ񹬣ԴУۡ
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3336 ɷ
ӡ
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⼸Դҵ¹֮󣬺Ĵ½ӿҶһֱںĴ½еġ
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Ҷηɰ׶һۣԼѾǳسֵԭˡ
ΪҶԭڴˣټҶЩ֮ĵرĴףڴ˴ĳ׵ҩʵ鵤
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ҲǣҪЩ꣬ɣǾӣо̣뷲̫Զ
ոճһڼ⡢ǻﻹζҶ棬ͻؼסˡ
뷲̫Զ
֣ƺʲôҶͷһֻȻ֮С
У
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ͷҶԭأ˷׷·ǵͷ׷׸Ҷļ䣬Ҷͷ˼仭ԽԽ
ͬһɲǣҶڣԴڣ鹬Ȼ
һɲǣҶ


3337 һһӡ
ƳǴϣ˳
Ҷ澲ڴ룬һʯһ˵һУǻһӡҶԺУҶԺе˼仭
ʦηɰһߵһ㣬ڽֽǵ£֪ҶӦǽһĶ״̬ڣҪģǱ֤Ҷ治ܴš
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Ҷһվȴ·վ˺õµС
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ѲǵηɰֻʩͨѲǵûҶһȥ
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ʯеϣˮе󣬴ӹĴ񣬶ΪҶ˼仭ɫ
ЩϢУҶѾƳⷽԲ
Ƴ˵Ĺ켣뷨ҶԺСһš
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ջǳѾΪҪĵһҶ渺ηɰߣһ·еĳ;ɢȥ
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ηɰҲ෽Ҷʤѩңٴ뷲һˮһƳǵĴС
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ܣЩĴڣٸҲƭҵηɰײš
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̫
ԴҶ̾һҲǸղ֣˰ˣ˲ųϵģ֮ǰˣ֮ʱ˳һƱԴ
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Ҷһ·߿̳Ӵ£ֱǵķ̳


3338 շּ
̳Ҷ̳ҶԵȣ˵̳Ժ˲ˮ˵һ·࣬кҶһԡ
ǲˮ͵Ķ⡣һɨηɰ׾Ϳ⣬ЩУҶԿ
ȴҶٴסٿǿţܽԿţ
ߣҪԵСҲѵ
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һĻηɰ׼ˣ֣ȴٱҶס𼱣۹Ůء
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ôҲҶĹŮıǲٵġ
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̳ˡ
һ۵ӣǷ̳̳ţһӣӡǺϢҲǳ̣ϢŨĽǵķ̳̳
λ̳һʱ䣬ΧҶߡ
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˲Ϣ䣬Ͳһ֪У˵˳
¹ľ֮ʣ´ǵķּ

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ֻǣԾͨ½·ĻӦòҪѰͨͨ΢ϵʩչֱͨӽ½ġ
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䣬ҶһֱӦŵ仯ûз˵ѵļ
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ǰһڵõһľһƪ޼ţչ١
շת֮±ŵõ̽ǧҲϰ
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ıãŽҶҶϡ
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3339 Դ
̷̳ڣҶ濴žһȻ
겻񰡡
ҶۼģݵĽ֡
Ȼ˵඼в죬ǰҲ̫ˣȫˡ
ܿ죬ҶĿһ
Ȼ񣬵üĿ䣬ȴ졣
ҶԺУѸٵķһ妣
ǰڹѸ妶˺š
ôϢٵ½أ
Ҷüͷ
ǰ֪½̣ҲҶɱȥ׷ɱˡ
ǣķּͺ妵ô䵽½أ
᲻̽½׸˾
Ҷҡҡͷ²⡣
̽½鱨Ͻ˾ôΧʥˮģͲԼǵ
֣Իǲλ컯񽫹˵Ѿˡ
ϵģôķּͺ妵ô½أ
Ҫ˵֮ʱż½ǿԼС˵
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ǵ׻Ǻ£Żֹ
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ߵΣҶһ飬ͻȻʧЦ
ôѾš
ɱȥͿˡ
µĸԴֱָ妣ת֮ҵ妣º妣һоˡ

ҶҲǲ塣
Ҷʵ͵̣Ѿ˱½ĵ
Ȼ漰һ㣬棬ҶҲûӦ֮
ֻҪĴ۸
ơ
浽һ죬ҶҲǲ塣
ο˽죬λȻֲҶͷȴѾʮˡ
ڽ֮ǰλ߸ϣһԾͿ֮¡
꼸ս֮ҶȻͿ͸λĿ
ʵ˵͸ˣλ棬ֻǸǿ߶ѡ
൱Ҷ浱Ϊڻ꺣ʱǿߣǿߡ
ǰҶΪոͻƵ컯˾컯һ
ҶΪͻƵ컯ڼĵ棬ֻǸǿ߶ѡ
ȻߣȻͨʵ˵ķ룬ƽϣеʧ㣬ϲͿ־ȵȡ
η
壡
Ҷɫ粻ȴŸͣΪҶҪѻ굱ˡ
űŵĿҪӵʱҶһץͽӽռ䡣
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ηɰףҶ黹ЩİģηɰױĹʵԭ罣ȣҶʱ˿ǱץסСһִٲ
ʱҶҶеĲʧˣһ˽ҶĻ
һˣҶԭ׺еѵ⣬һɲɢ
ҿˡ
֪̫ȤˡﵽĴ˵ȴʲô¶ˣǶҶš
ȥ㣬˵Ǹľʾףޱȣÿ춼漣

һߴߴҶѵ⼸䶼Ҳᡣ
ҶһߴߴУҶϸҶҳߵǰ
ԼѾͷ̫ˡ
ҶͫҶѪűͨټҶĵرӦΪʹﵽأѾ½ˡ
Ȼǳ
¶ҪһͷϵҲûʲôԳ
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ɣͣѣҲ¯ˣĥȥǺͷâ
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ִ½û꣬Ϊͽﵽ½ľһҶõ״̬£ĸ׺ͫ⣬ơ
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ƫƫЩΪܱ֡
˼꣬;½ǳȤ
Ҷĺ磬
ֻǺͫˣȻǰĵ;
ͫǳڵĺĴ½жôΣա
ͫͿʼԼڣһȥͱŵı¸ˡ
ڵһĻ
꣬Ҷš˳Ķ䣬˵ĵǺͱ˸ʰˣ֪ôд𣿡
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񣡡
ҴˣҴ˻ɡ
ȻûۣηɰȴȥˣֱӴҶ֣ĵջؾѵ
ҡҶһεðɣȻƳǡ
һתҶʹηɰҶƳϿգȳ̾ηɰ׾ɫһ䣬ãҶˡ


3340 
Ҷڣʱ˿ҳһš
ҶĸҶʱʱţҶĵܵҶѵĴҳ
ҶæӦʱҶɻ޺޵Ҷƨһţġ
Ѿ̵ĸ׽ѩʱȴһ԰ףǰһָۣͣĲš
һ߸׽ѩƹѪһҲطѶˡ
ͫҲü壬طӦҶķλȴôҲӦúͫⵣġ
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Ҷӡأ֮ߴ


3341 ʱڵ
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ǰҶüͷʱڵ㣬ƺ


3342 ҷ
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߼ǧۺ͹澭֮󣬻ΪҵԭҶģر
ֱУҶ濪ʼֽĿǰ⡪½ط⣬Լ֮


3343 ˵
ңһĸ塣
ҶǹҵһصУͻȻͻص򵥵̬
ûйĶǡ
ûжթ
еģֻ򵥵ļͥ
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ӱӡɵĹУҶޱȵĿߴۼ
ڴǰʦµĶһһУ˸εĸᣬҲԼĿ

ĿǰΪֹĴ½ߣһ컯ˣλ棬ʵڶ
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3344 
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һ飬妸ϵϵɳԼɳ֮ҶϢĻת˱
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ôҶѧģ
һ˲䣬ʦַʦׯԺǧͷ
һɲǣ龭ϢҶڱڿ龭Ϣ󺣣罭ӣڲϢ
龭ŵĵĹͻȻҶϣҶһϣʱ;еʦʦ㡣
ɽڵģʦ죬ʦߣʦīҲס׷׳ɽ壬Ҷ档
˶һۣǴʦַտڣһ֣صĵʦܸǣǴӺδϰ龭
Ҫʦʵش𡣡һʱ䣬ʦ죬ʦߣʦīʦׯ㶼Ҷ棬ϢҶ档
λ컯Ϣһرɫ
λޱȣֱдҪҲǸ԰н䱸
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ΪŵĵӣܲϤŵ鱦֮һ
ŵɽŴ󣬾鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ֡
һԲɣеҶ淢ʡ
鱦ʮԪ챦飬ǴĵģӺζģ
ô鱦ʮԪ챦飿
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ʦַգʦ죬ʦߣʦīʦׯ𾪵ϲޱȣʦׯϲ׷ʣʰԪЩ䡣
ԪȴһŲֻҶѾ˼գ½ĻɽΪУȱǵ棬˿޷ӡԪҶ˵

ʦַգʦ죬ʦߣʦīʦׯ׷ס
Ԫƺ̫ˡ


3345 ƽɫ
ԪΪˣô£ʦīüͷ塣
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鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫŵ֮ΪɽŴԭǼ밢Ԫ졣
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ǰǲ֪Ԫ䣬ԪˣȴֶһȻ뷨ж
ŵĶֻŵĶ
Ȼ˵֮ǰʦͽҶڣǣҲֻڡ
Էա졢ߡīׯ˶ԣڵʦֵܣʦֵܡ
һʱ䣬˵ɱ䡣
λʦ֣ȻΪˡԪ
һա졢ߡīׯ֮࣬죬ҶĿ⣬Ȼȫһ
ԪĻ֤˰ԪǱҶǿȡģôĳƺֵ˼ˡ

ʦЦһô̫˼ʣǼʦֵˣôģ
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Ҷ΢΢һЦһˮɫӡƽƽĸʦߡ
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ֹˮ໪ƣҲŵմͨطйоأֻǹɵĻ񹦷ֻ״ӲŻôڡ
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˵ʦ½ĶĽ˵裬ҪҶġ
Ҷȴռһıˡ
ҶȻûͻƣϣȴ߹ߺܶܶࡣ
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3346 
ڣλʦʦ˰ɣʦ״Ĺŵӡ
ɽա졢ߡīׯԡ
λʦҪǲţŵĵմͨԹҶ˵
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ΪֹǶûиΪʲôÿ˵ζᱻҶһҪͷ
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ʦַյһڣĿȴǿ졢ߡīׯʵҵִ֮·ּҪ䭸ҶΪתʱҶˣžִʦͽʱҶʦܺˡ
һ졢ߡīׯĿǿ˴ʦַգЩ£һһȻ֪ʦַյļ֡
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˵꣬ʦַտҶͬʱɫȴǱޱȣҶʦܣʦĹŵӣʦʦһ㣬ǣտƾ
ƾЩͨаԪ޷֤ʦĹŵӣǵľʦܣҲ޷š
ҶҲ΢΢ҾףλʦԴתڵλȥԺԻټȡ
˵ģ˵Ҷ淽һסλ̫ϵ龰λԥת뿪
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ʦԣؽѸ¡ʱ൱ھ֮£ŵڶƽ̣Ҷ˵
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ڳﻮؽ֮ǰλʦʦشһ⡣Ҷʵ
ʦ뽲
λʦʦ㣬ЩǵУ˭й߱ϵ
Ҷﲻݡ


3347 
λʦʦ㣬ЩǵУ˭й߱ϵ
ҶʵļͻأУ˵ϡ
ҲҶıġ
˭ͻأ£¶
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һҶֱӵԼʦׯԭ̹Ȼ飬ʱһ䣬ĴָʳָҲԾšһ
ʦܣʲô˼ʦׯʡ

Ҷ泤̾һׯʦ㣬û뵽㣬ϣʱ˿̣ܽ˵ǵеͽ
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ա졢ߡīɫһ䣬͵ؿׯȴׯֱ
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ʦ֣߻аʦΪĸͽɣ߲ŲðʦøǣʦҲΪˣҲûиǡ
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㡭ô֪ģ⡭ʦׯ״ΣȴһʵҶ˵ġ


3348 
ܣһܣҲûмصıҪˡ
Ҷǽʦֺδֽδʦֺܣʦׯֻ֮࣬ڼλʦֵ׷£֪˵˳
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ʲôĿԣú֮󣬱


3349 ٷְٳɹ
ʦֺܵĿʲô
ʦׯ˼׷Ѱ𰸳꣬ûκν
£Ҷ桢ա졢ߡīȻҲ벻𰸡
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ֻǣ컯컯ǿߣɲһһϦܹٳɵġ
ա졢ߡڡׯλʦʦԽͬʱҲԳŵӽ𣬽һӾʾ󣬲ǴҶеõʦµļȡڶʱòٵͻĿǰƿ
ԴˣҶȻѡ
λʦʦʦ˵꣬Ҷٳλʦ֣ʦ㣬ǿ֪ʦµ챦飬к죿

ʦַƺЩȷʦ˵˱֮컯ת֮Ч
Ҽǵʦ˵˱ռĵر㹻࣬ط٣ֻ컯¡ׯ˵
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λʦ˵Ĳ˱ȷ죬ʱۣת֮ЧĿǰǳʺŵǱͻơҶ˵
תʱټΣʦīʵ
֣ɴٱҷ֣ɴٱҶ˵
˵յ˵һ
ٱ
һ꣬͵Ǳꡣ
иʱ䣬žܹӵһӢӡ
ȻҪԴ֧֣ҽ컯֮¡
컯񽫼ϣɲǱܹͻƵġ
ʦܣΪ˧Ϊ·һʢһ꣬ıԣⷢչƣͽʦܰţʱҵƽ̷ּɡʦַպ˵
ηչţƽʦܰ·ּɡ졢ߡīׯҲԥͬˡ
ȻˣʦҾȴ֮ˣ컯֮µĵչԺй滮
һ£ȴҪλʦʦͬ⡣Ҷ˵
ƽʦ뽲
Ҫסҵ񽫾ĵӣز١
ʦ֮ڵͻеƿ
ʱӼλ컯һ컯컯ˣλʦʦΣҶʵ
ȻǼõġ
ʦֱַӵͷǣһ⡣ʦʵҲá
ʩߣȴżΪơ
Ǽλ컯ֻܰ컯۷徳ĵͻƵ컯񽫣ɹĸʲߡ
Ҫ컯۷ĵӣͻƵ컯Ǽδ˵䣬ռ˸¶֮ɫ
λʦǣҿԣҶٴˡ
ôܣƽʦ㲻컯񽫵Ϊ컯˾ĵͻƵ컯񽫶ܡ
߻δ䣬ͻȻס
ͼҶָڵطͻȻʮɫһֳйޱȡ
̶ȣͨɣʦַվ
˵䣬ա졢ߡīׯ˿ҶĿ⣬ǿһ
컯۷Ϊط裬ȴﵽ컯ĳ̶ȡ
һ֮ǰĲԩ
˵ǻҶֵ¡
λʦ֣Ҳʦµߴ֮պջ񣬵ɴ֮Щйطƣ̫ƣҿ컯񽫾ͻƵ컯Ҷ˵
Ҷ滰˵꣬յ˵۾͵ֱˡ
һĶʦǼˣæסҶ֣ʦܣ̫ƣ˵ҲܹͻĿǰ컯۷徳ؿڵĸ
ͻƵ컯
ҶǸһ˿Σʦ֣ʱɡ컯ͻƵ컯Ҫľ磬Ŀǰɡ
ʱɣʦ˵Ժԣʦ߰յҶôʡ
ɵĴ֮ƣպ֮󣬻пܡҶ˵
ȵȣ֮ʦַͻһ㵵ĿҶ棬ˣʦ˵ֻ˴֮ܳɵ棬ʦгΪĿܣ
Ҷͷ֮࣬ա졢ߡīׯ˵۾ʱ͵ֱˡ
ûκζ
ΣҶѷյ˵ʦ֣˵¡ƽ̣ĿǰڣϻǸԪ˧
ԴҪӳʵ¡
ȻΪرҿԳλʦѡµͻеĴ󾳽磬ұ֤ٷְٳɹҶ˵
ٷְٳɹ


3350 
ŵгɹʵġ
Ŀǰ컯ֳͻƷʽУ֤ͻ֮սǿѶ󣬲һѼ
ŵطҲͻ֮սҪǿԸͻ֮ġ
ͻƵѶȣȴҪԸͻطҪߡ
ҪʦʦΪ󣬶ʱÿͻߵԣȻҲʦйء
ĳɹʴԼҡ
ܳɹһΣ㲻ˡ
ʦ½룬ɹҲ߳ɶѡ
õǣͻ֮ûκκ󻼣ΪˣûʦҲͻơ
ʦׯһ
ʦ½֮ʦ֣꣬Ȼ࣬ԼͻƵ
ͻƣм֤˼ʦׯսǷǷ
Ըͻطͻ֮ͬȽ׵컯Уͬսͣһĺ󻼡ҪһԸάԴģպͻƣҲҪԸͻơ
Ը;޷ͻƣ޷档
ԸͻΪԶ
Ҳ˸һôֻҪ㹻ԸȻԪޡ
ϣͻطУֻͻ컯طܹɰٷ֮١
ŵͻطȻʦÿ컯
ʱҶ˵ٷ֮٣Ȼ÷յ˾첻ѡ
ͻ컯飬˵ʧһλһΣʧġ
ͻ컯һ˺һļ״̬ϲ߶Լеͻơ
һͻʧܣͿܻ⵽ɡ
ڸܴԴΪ˵䣬ܵơ
ξεġ
ƽʦܣʦʩչȱʦĴͨٽʱʩߣɹҲ˳ҡ
ٷְٵģʦַʵ
ʦ֣˵ԸĽһǿһ¡Ҷ˷ֳһ
ҶؽżƻҪһ
ĸ
Ľ
˵ʦ½Ĺá
෴ģǳá
ĴУ½ԴΪģҲΪӵǰ;ġ
Ϊ˵ԺķչŴ
ȿʦͻƣûʦ£ֿлͻơ
ƾƾ
ǣҶ濴ţҲǱ־ƾˡ
ʦ½ľ޵ģ˰λ״˺͵մͽԳͻƣŵĵӣɰλʦֵܸͻƵ컯ġ
ǣλʦʦµͻƵĳɹֻҡ
ʮ۷ͻƵ컯ܳɹĸʣµУԼڻָ֮󣬿ԻõٴͻƵĻᣬȴһͻƹܵƣԶʧȥͻƳΪ컯ǿߵĻᡣ
գŵĵ۷ӣʮͻƵ
أ
ֻҪʦĵ۷ӣʮоʮܹͻƵ컯
ԽԽ
Ҳǵű֮һ
ŵĵӿĸǼܲס˶š
Ҷ밢ԪԪ鰢۹£գĽ档
ǰɳʩչĽҲҶһʵ顣
ƽʦܣĽʩչʱҪԸ⡭պѵҪһȥū飬ȡԸ
ʦַ˵꣬ʦҲһġ
졢ߡīׯǵͷŴǴ֮ϣʦַĺġ
λʦʦ㣬Ӧ÷˰ɣĽʩչʱҪԸǳ١
ٵ컯ͻʱʮ֮һûС
յ˵ͷȻ˳
ңĽĻϸĽģıûб䡣
ֻԸһǿǿطչʾ
һ̶ϵĹ䡣
ϣûԸͻƵ׶ˣպԸҲûҶ˵
ʦַյ˵ͷûϾ̬λʦһĿҶĽĹ
֮ʦīؿڣƽʦܣĽȷʵ
ǣӦûһ׶ˡ
ʦ뽲
ڵĽͻ֮պҪٴͻƣ¾͵ʦͻƵĿԣУȴ÷ǳǳ͡
ңԭǵãҲȽ͡
УڵԸʦī˵
ա졢ߡׯ㶼Ҷ档
㣬Ĺؼ
λʦ֣һ⣬£Щͻ컯ʧ֮Զʧȥٴν컯һĵӣж٣Ҷʵ
⣬˲Ϣա졢ߡīׯȻ
ʮ֮İɡճ̾һ
ҪԶһ㣬ʮ֮塣ʦһߡīׯҲˡ
λʦǷģЩԶʧȥٴͻƻĵӣǲˣ
ӦΣ
ա졢ߡīׯĬȻ飬Ѿǵ̬ȡ
ʦ֡ʦ㣬ʵУǿУԼʸӴԼĵӣʦµ
һֵӣҸĽİٷְٳɹ
Ȼһ֣ʦģԸǸһ飬ѡһ֣ɵԼ񡣡Ҷ˵Լķ
ԣʦַ۾һ
ƣ
ҵʦ飬Լѡһ֣˷ƣ
Ҷλʦʦ㶼Ĳͬˡ
ǣԸνūȡԸʦԵġʦַһʣ漰űʵĹؼ⡣
ա졢ߡīׯĿ㶼Ҷ棬֮ǰһ⣬Ҫؼ
ʵҶȴǲˡ
ǴռȡһײߣָɳûϢһֱθ衣
ʦ֡ʦ룬ǱߺȲ˵⡣
һƷˮҶʵʦ֡ʦ㣬ôͨ˵˵˰£
ֻߣǰݹ𣿡
ʦַ˼һµ⣬ʦʹо
ͨ˵߷˰ʵһ󣬾ϵ󣬻ʵ
ģİġ
ģͨһЩûɵԸ
˳ħٷƣƽ֡
ν
ɴ֣ǰʥ򴺷绯꣬ɾΪԸ
ţҶ˵ͷģ
ֱĶʦֱ˵ʦ˵ѷ֮ԾΪսֻռԸаȡ
λʦʦ˰ɣҶʵ
ûͷûԵʷ÷ա졢ߡīׯЩӦ
ʦʲô˼
ʦʦ㣬ʦҲ֪ͨգڰһ棬ʵġ
ʦϵ²Ҳǲеġ
Ȼ̫ūΪռԸʩ
ҵȲʱҶ˵
ʦׯһƺЩҶ˼ʦܵ˼ǣ
ҵֻҪ֮Ը˼ʥķ绯꣬ɡ
ܵöԸ˳Ȼͺá
λʦʦΪΣҶ濴ŷա졢ߡīׯЦ
ա졢ߡīׯмо棬ڴҲ
λƽСʦҶ棬գۼĹ͸ǴһȫµĴš


3351 ڶݼ
Ǵʦַգ졢ߡīׯλʦʦ㣬͵Уʵ˼һ⡣
ôͱأ
ţôǿ
˼УȻĴ𰸡
ʱͽڲҲ⡣
Σʶȵȡ
Ҳһأֽڴڵ⣬ܱܲűأ
ǿԷǳС
ǣҶƽСʦ֣ܳԸĸĽ÷յͻȻʶ

ű

򣬾Ҳܻٴα
ȻȻģҶıûдŵĺĽȻȻȫͨˡ
£ȿ̾Ϳȥ
Ĵ½ʱǲеģĿǰյǼС磬ȴǿԵġ
ҲⷽĻġ
ʱھܹջĻһԸ
ĸĽ棬պҲִȥ
ҶĽףҲõͬ⡣
û
ǽף
ҶλֵҪӳʵԼ£ͬʱＸλʦʵǽס
⽻׵ıҶҪֽŵĵڶ⡣
ڲɢ
Ԫ鰢밢ԪĿе֪ʦ½ڵʱڲʵǼΪɢġ
еǴ
λ״ӣû̫ȷĹΧֳ⣬˭ʱ˭ȥ
Ҳǵűȫ֮󣬽ʧݵԭ
ûܵ֯µĵһʱ䣬ţ޷෽ϣûӦԤ
Ҷ濴Ų𣬶ûˡ
ҲΪʦ½ѹºЩˡ
⣬յҲз֣Щڲıǻڴˡ
ҲŬ
Ҷģ
ԶԶ
ⳡףָֻĸһĻѡ
ǰҶ˹ͨ㹻ã׵ĽҲǳ⡣
ȣҶƽ£Ҫһλ򣬻ӡ
ҶĿУţҲ̫ࡣ
һλӡ
ҶѡеǴʦַµ컯ɡ
Ҷѡ񣬴ʦַȻͬ⡣
ΪرҶὫʦַƼһλ۷ӣͻƵ컯
Щ꣬λʦͷչڻŻ̵ġ
λʦ£컯۷ĵӣʦׯʦ٣ֻһλʦīʦʦַ¸λ
ڲ컯۷ĵĿߴλ
Ҫȫͻƣǰλ컯
Ȼ˵ոͻƵ컯Ͼֲϻ컯Ҳһɼǿˡ
µͻ컯ɲǼ򵥵飬ǳԷˮһ򵥡
Ҷ棬ҲҪʱ;
ԣҶչµڣڣҶֻλ컯
ͬʱҲ
˵
ν˵ʱͬԷˮһһԵĳԵ̫࣬ҭųԻӡ
ǡ
컯Ŀڶʱڴ֣Ǳ
𣬶в
Ҷƽ£һλ컯ǻǹԪ˧
ҶλʦʦƼλ컯˾۷ĵӹ
һʮλ컯۷徳ĵӣҶ潫һһͻƳΪ컯񽫡
Ϊʮλ컯񽫡
⽫δм
ʮλӵУλҶƽ£ʮλɹλʦ֡
Ҳһƽ⡣
Ҷƽһ¶һλ컯λ컯񽫣λʦֵҲ컯񽫡
Ϊڵ۷ĵӣǲİš
ÿƼλ۷ĵӹҶƽλλʦʦλ
Ҷ˵ǽԴϲҶ⡣
£ҶոƽʦܲһҶ෴ģʦַǱ߻мǿ
Ǳʲôٷյʦʦͷһ㡣
ʵҲġ
һҶεƽµӿܾͻ
һλ컯λ컯񽫣ʮλ컯ˡ
һͺðˡ
ԺǧΪ׵䣬ţİЩˣܹЩڵĵӣ˳ĳ׵š
Ҷ沢ҪıȨ
ѹҪ
ҲûҪ
ҶֻǱܵ׳ţؽ·
Ҫĸµ롣
Щͨĵ۷ͻƳΪ컯ˣҶԣֵһᣬ컯۷ĵͻƵ컯񽫣Ҳˡ
컯۷ͻƵ컯Ҷ͵ȫȫ׼ˡ
Ȼġ
Ϊ·´ɣյĻҪյġ
ʵҶ֮ѡɣ˽ɣϲһ¯¡
ҲһС˼
ɼҶʱһĲҾ
ƽˡͻʧܣǧԸҪʮʱռۣܻƽ̡
ˣӽ㽫£Ϊ״ӵһˣ
ǧԸΪʦĵһݼ񡣡ҶЦŷɡ
ӲЩȻ
֪Ϊʦ׼ĵڶݼʲôҶЦ
ڶݼ񣿡ҡҡͷ޶ۣʵ벻
ҶЦһתΪʦԳ֣ͻƵ컯ݼΣ
ʲô
ɵסΪԼˣ


3352 ϶Ϊһ
Ҷ桢ԭڷ̫ͻȻţΪŵƽ̣ʵǱȽ𾪺Ͳġ
Ϊ֪Ŵڵĺĵӡ
Ȼ˵ʦַսһҶתͶҶ£ʵƽµӡ
̸ϲ⣬ͷվЩԥġ
ʦô꣬컯۷ܶ꣬ϴҶԸͻҲʧˡ
ɾͼʦܹͻƵֻʱʦŵгһܹͻƵˡ
ֻû뵽תͶҶ¡
ȻҶĻԻսΪȴֻ컯񽫶ѣʦյ컯Զˡ
뷨֮顣
ڴʱҶĵڶݼȻǰͻƵ컯ɵɵˣС
Ҹ̫ͻȻ
ɱܵĲţ
ѡ񡣵һѡڴͳ֮ΪʦͻƵ컯
˷ĺûӦ֪ġ
ѡ˷ΪʦϸоĹϵ׼ţԼĳҵĿԣͻƵ컯Ҷ˵
ĳɣˣ֮ǰʶĲţʱҶ˵֣أҲš
ʦһҲ̫ס

ʦ㲻컯۷ΪӲܹ࣬ͻƵ컯أ
˵ҪͻƵ컯ʦ컯Ϊųɡʵ
ԣҶ΢΢һЦô㲻ţǾΪʦƽֵ̳̫죿
ɲҲϿҶ˵
Եɣ̤֮Ȼ֪Ҷ˵
üͷȴ΢΢һ壬ʦ𣬵֮ǰͻȻʧܹΣԴȻʧܣµӴ̤Ŀˡ
ĳɵĿԣҲ㹻ˡ
˵꣬ɳһ¶˾ģʦȫ
Ī
ҶһЦ⣬ȴЩɻ
Ϊʦ˵ꡣ
Ϊʦʦ²ľãĵãȴǸĽĽ֮ʩչһԸ
ȴԱٷְͻƵ컯
Ψһ鷳ǣô˷ͻƵ컯պΪʦͻƵĿԣͱ÷ǳСûСҶ˵
ٷְ٣
ɱҶ˵ˣɾ׷ʵʦ𣬴˷ͻ֮ǷԻжԸԣ
ûУ
̫ˡʦĽɡڵһʱͬʱͻȻ͵
ʦֻǵҲûжԸ
ԣҶЦģΪʦУ㹻

ͻƵ컯ԸչŵҶԣǳش
ֻɳɹͻƵ컯ҶܳΪƽ̣ʵ飬ŵĲȨ
֮ǰ̸չǾˮ¡
ֻͻƵ컯һҶƽ̻ƽһŻڣеĵλ
Ȼ˵ǵһ컯ͻƳΪ컯ҶǰɳʩչܶθĽѾᳵ·Ϥ֮
̶һĹɲΪͻƿΪŵĳλʦ֮ĵλ컯ǿߣΪҲȹ컯
ȻһĹɾʹˡ
һĹ򣬳ںĴ½Ĵ֮⣬дĹʱռڵġ
ʵϣһεͻƣ˽һʱ䡣
Ҷ£ɹͻƵ컯Ҳλʦʦ㳹׷
Ͼ컯ǿ߲еֶΡ
ȱ컯֣Ҳ޷֤һλ컯۷ĵӰٷְͻƳΪ컯
Ƕ̶ڣҶȴˡ
̶ʱڣλ컯ǿߡ
ǰʦׯпĶࡣ
ͻƣ㻨ʱ䡣
мΪ˵Ҳ
ŸĵҶͻƵ컯ˡ컯񽫣Ϣ֮⣬Ҷƽ̵ţҲ쳹ڡš
ǶЩ֪ŴڵĺĵӶԣѾ޷ݣ
𾪣𺳣ϣ
ɽ»ƽ̷ڣҶٴټµɡ
һټҶ棬ǹޱȵĶҶΰݡ
ҶͨɶҶĹǷĵס
ɣΪʦһ£Ҫ졣
ʦԸ
Ϊʦ챦ŨȿܲǺ϶ΪһȻͻơ
Ҷ˵䣬鱦׹Ҷħʼħķа๣ͬʱɳ


3353 й¶Դ
ȱɽ컯Ҫ鱦׹ħʼħҶħɱ֮аںϣҲҪܳʱġ
£ꡣ
Ҷ뷨ڴܼ򵥡
׹ޱôҶ֮£׹¶飬Ҳڷٵĳɳ
ҶԼϵط裬ֻҶʱ׹޵Ըú鱦׹Щõ˳ĳɳ
ѾɳĿǰļޡ
ϵƷ鱦
죬һ֮ȴر
һĺ鱦ǲгɳͻƳΪ鱦Ŀܡ
ǣ׹޲һĻ
һҶõħɱ֮а๣Ҷﾡá
а๣ʾˣܿ鱦ǲô˼
Ҷ뷨Ҳܶһǿɱ֮
Ҷӡɣ˴֮ҶȴȻˡ
˱ӡеɳҶ֮ѳɣаɱ֮ҶѾûжˡ
鱦׹ҲˣͻƣպΨһ;¾ʹ͸˵ӡ
һӦֵ鱦ΪҲǼõġ
ҶҪŬһѡ
뽫鱦׹а๺϶Ϊһܲ׹ͻơ
£̫ʱ䣬ҶǵȲ
ҶɴʱռڣһʱڣҶµĴӾҶ档
Ȼʱռڵʱ䣬Ѿһꡣ
ʦҲ˫ַһɫںڡͨȻѹ֮еĻƵױޡ
ֻױǰ˵Щ⡣
ױǰ๣֮״״
ͻơӦױϢҶһ٣ױȷʵûдﵽ鱦ķ롣
ʦ׹а๺϶Ϊһ׹Ĵ׹츳ɱ֮ȴԲ㡣
аǡڴ˵
ڵӵ£׹а๵ı϶Ϊһ׹˷а๵ıԴ׹ܴǡ
ӻϿԶ϶׹ѾӵƷ鱦ܡ
ӵУǿȣ
⻹ǱصĹƣǿһƷ鱦˵
ӵƷ鱦ܣҲˡ
Ҷ沢ûжôʧֻЩźĩˣҶֲһ䣬ˣɣ㾫Ĵ˱ûͻƳΪ鱦Ŀԣ
гɳ֮£޿ܡ
Ϊ죬עǺܸıġ׹޵δ㣬Ѿ޷ֲ˵ĺܼᶨ
дԵҲпܵġֲһ䡣
Եپ𣿡Ҷʵ
ʦܹ֮ΪĴԵȻĴԵ
ִԵ󡣡˵
Ҷ˵ͷΪʦˡ
ȻִԵҶҲͲǿˡ
Ŀǰõϣš
һҶòϵʱ򣬴͸µӣҲһ¡
ɣ´ӣ־ƽһҪ鱦ɱ֮ɻˡ
ҶĻƲҡ
ʦԴͨͻƵ컯Ӹм飬Ϊ
ΪʦЧͽǣǵӵҡ˵ֻƺ鱦ɱ֮ĵر󶼱Ƚϸߡ
ȱڣҲǲࡣ
ڵģʱãЩ۵ĵرȥãȱʲôֱ˵ΪʦѰұǡ
˵䣬Ҷͳһöָ
ĿͶȥɲǣħ弸λ컯ĺǣɵ۾ֱˡ

ҶƽڡҲŶ̶ʮ졣
ڣͷ˺ܶ࿴ȥ仯󣬵Ӱǳı仯
ɹϵı仯Ȩÿڵı仯
ǰλ̫ңλһ嵫ָԶ
Ҷȴʼǿԭְÿڣõȵȡ
һеһУҶΪؽ׼
ŵ飬Ҷ˳ˡ
Ĵ½еǱǰһð
Ŵ̽ɣҲûʲôջ̽ȶȻȻͽ
ܵĶȲƽսȻ
ֻսȴ
ħŲϵʧأֿѾ˷սԽԽпᡣ
̫漧ǳţӦҶ飬ȴˡ
Ѿʼ򺣾³򺣾սҪҶеĻҪС
ҶȴżȥޣʱںĸһĥԼɳҲȴǸĳ֡
ҶµţǷǳġ
Ҷڵĵʮ죬ţҶҪ鱨
妡
µ¾񽫣ǰںĽ˼
Ϊ̫漧ĹôܷҼ佨뽵Ǳ𣬵ֻҡ
һ״̬ţҲ
߲ܷʲôԼ
Ŀǰʥֵģȴ
ԼൣĴʦ
鱨Ҷ򣬿ķ
ն֮󣬺妼Ĵʦ½Ϣй¶ĸԴӦˡ
ߣ¾񽫣
һЦҶһ̤˲ϢʧС
ҶһǼǰ
Ǵܵ۶ء


3354 ӡĻɳ
Ҷص۶г̣ͬѵˮһֻһţҪû֪
Ҳû𼸸ע⡣
Ĵܵ۶أ빥ħոʧصĿ񻶵УҶĶ˧ȻѫպգѾسõߡ
̫漧ǸҶ漫߹ӭӡ
ڻʹӭҶ档
æӭӡ
ֻһ棬ҶϢÿ̫漧һ
Ȼӭ¡أҶ沢ûػʹ̫ãһ֮Ҷһ̤ػʹķصĽմֱʧ
ֻп̫漧Ҷʧķ򣬾þ˼
ڣͻȻ䷢֣ǶҶ˽⣬ܻԶԶ̫漧˵
£ĿǰǴӸ鱨ҶԪ˧˽⣬Ѿﵽ˼ˡ
ģ»ҶԪ˧ɡ
ҶԪ˧󣬿ǷͬѰش󡣡˵
ȷʵˡ̫漧һȻ

ɳƽɳǵڲ谵ľڣͻȻһĨ⻪
⡢¹⣬һĨ⻪ǳԴĹ⻪һͻȻǱ޵Ĵ˾ɹ۾һУȻ˼ΣյĹ⻪
Ϣĸ֣ɱš
Ȼ䣬ɹһݣٴȥɹæǰвΰݴ
ɹݼʹˡ
вΰݴɹȴҶӳһסΣҲݲȥ˾ɹͷȻ
ʹҶ棬ԽԽǿˡ
ǿѾ͸ˡ
˾񣬶ղ˾оͻ컯ȻԶˡִɳҶЦ
˾ɹȴǿЦʹˣϷֱ֮
ң˵Ϸͻ컯񽫣Ҫʹ˰
˾ҪֻҪһ仰ҶĳǰЧ͡Ҷ˵
пܣϷԿԼܲͻơϷлʹˡɹĿһתʵˣʹδȥƽʥǣֱϷ򣬿£
ԣҶ˵ͷ˾㣬ȷʵ¡
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ҪɳһáҶ˵
ɹһ죬û뵽ô졣
ΪƽʥҶ棬Ҷܲȹû뵽ƽʥûãҶҪɳ
һɹģҶͲµɹ˼
˾ĪҪᣬҶԻɳûȤһ޸ɳĿܡҶ˵
ҶĽͣ˾ɹƺûȥǲΡΡóһƺ޻ɳ
ϷҲ㣬Ϸִɳʵ񡣡˾ɹ˵
Ҷüͷȴ˾粻ʢʩչɳ
Ȼǲȱģǻɳڣȴڲ֮أôһ񣿡
ɹҲŽֻͣǽǻɳǰһݣصĻɳʹҿкβͬ
ţ
Ҷ˲ɳҲɳ֮ϣɨɲǣס
зӡ
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ԣɹ˵ͷȷʵˣ
ô£
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У컯ǿߣչӡλ컯µأ
Ϊ£ǿʩӵķӡʱǳԶˣվǻС
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ΪҶȥߵĺķӡܵ˷ͻС
Ҷһֱûô
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ҶҪ£¹ɳ
Ҫ⿪ɳķӡضᾪ·ӡλ컯
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˾ɹȻóɳҲɳ򣬾ʹҶ档
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˾ɹԣⱻӡĻɳЩ
ǷӡɳȻ
ɳϵķӡµķ
Ҷ𾪵ģȴǴ˾ɹɳķʽҶ浱Ӷˡ


3355 ɳ
ȻҶΪʹѾܾˣǰʹʹǣҶʷ̫˽⡣
Ƕһֵɳ񣬲û˽
ֻ֪ɳһλˡ
֮£չһλ컯
սԻˣɳջˡ
ôģ
˭
һ㣬Ҷһֱû˽׷
ֱ죬ҶźȻ֣ɳʷ
ҪȻͻ֡
Ȼйɳʷɳ֪ģָ
꾭һսģ󲿷ֶսˣҴߣҲԪľˡ
Ŀǰɳ֪ǶԶŵʷģֻܾд˾ɹˡ
նɱɳˣǱˣ
ӡ˻ɳˣʮа˾ţҲ
һ㣬˾ɹȷ
Ϊɳ͵˾ɹеġ
ǲǺħã
Ҷ˾ɹô˵ʱ򣬼ڻԼĶˡ
طӡĻɳ򣬾Ȼ͵˾ɹеġ
˾ɹԣʱɳ꣬ɳޱȡ
дһЩɳļ˾ڲϣ̡
ʱɹֻǵɳʥڵһСС̣ɳֶ֪
ΪûвսԵʣҴ
ԵʱɳʹļףھϣлΪʥԭ򣬵ʥһɾصͷ졣
ͻأĳǰ
ͻأĳַʽô˾ɹĪ
ʱɹ֪˾
ֻǺͻأʩչطĻɳ͵
һͳɳ˱ڣ˱ɳ
뱻ӡĻɳһµģһ
ڼһ߶޶ȵһֻɳ
ʢĲȱĻɳ
󣬴˾ɹǿ˹һ
ڻҵɳУѸ
һνɳսǿʱ˾ɹӦһϤϢ˳Ϣȥһ񵶡
һʧĻƽʥ
⼸ڣ˾ɹһ·ʵǣΪվȨĴ˾һͳɳ
ȻŴ˾ɹλȨأԵӡĻɳǸˣҲ޺档
Ȼ෽ҡ
סǸ˵ĳ
ֶͨΣ컯У෽ҡ
Ϊһ컯ˡ
ȥȴֵ͸ӡĻɳʥˣ
ųƵ֮µһ˵
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֪ɳ񣬾ɱġ
Ȼ󣬴˾ɹͽɳʱµǾ仰ӡĵס
һͳɳ˱ڣ˱ɳ
Щ˾ɹÿÿҹλأ˼һ⡣
ΪʲôҪӡɳ
ΪʲôҪӡĻɳ򽻸ܣţ
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ֻô꣬Ҳһֱûҳ𰸡
ڻɳϵķӡȴǶҲҶ
ֻһλ컯ǰƴһ֮£ƴġ

ǱΪ֮µһ˵
κϣ
ʹˣйػɳȥѾˡ㻹ҪȥϷ򲻻ֹ
ʲô֮ǰֻһ
࿼һɳɳ
ΪʹΪǵס
ϷΪɳ˵䣬ɹӡĻɳŵҶǰĿҶ档
Ҷ˿̵ԺУҲһͷˮ
峤Ϳ˵ĺȷҪӪȵˣڻɳ֮С
ɳ֮֮󣬲ǰҵӪ֮ˡ
ǣɳȴпµķģͻġ
ҶѾ֪Ӧڵʦֺܡ
ʦֺܵ͹ˡ
ôָɳϹϵˣ
ʦֺΪʲôҪӡɳ򣬻ɳ͵ɹУɹŴ˱أ
һʱ䣬ҶüͷҶ⵱ӦһͷĸԴ
ΣȴҲ벻ҲԴ
һʱ䣬ͷ綷
ǰıӡĻɳϱߵķӡ⻪תͻȻ䣬Ҷһ䡣
ףӡǡ


3356 
ϸ۲ɳϱߵķӡϢҶĬĬԣͷȴͬڶһ
ֱ
ŵķӡַ
ָʦֵܼϵĶŵķӡַ
ڷǳ͵ĵմӡַŵİλʦֵеκһλֻǰλʦֵµĵմӣϤӡַ
Ȼܡ׾ٵĽ
һɲǣҶһĪĸоʦֺܡҲӡɳ򣬾ǵԼֻǵŵĵӡ
ôˡ
ʦַķĲʱ䳤ľ֣Ϊʲô
ɳУλܣʦֺʲôϵ
ʱ˿̣ҶѾܴʿȷԼӡҲû¡
ʦֺܻҲ
ˣҶҲ¡
˵Ŀǰ鱨ʦׯԣɳĲҪ˵ʦֺһͶУϲܡ
ǵΪʲôأ
Ҷ潫ǰĻɳõУô˾ɹ۽һ顣
ڴ˾ɹʹҶõģɲǻɳ򣬶ɳɳ
ԣ˾ɹһĽţҶ津˷ӡǿɾˡ
ͻȻ䣬˾ɹǰ⻪һãҶŻɳʮָٵķţ˲Ϣϰٵ
ϰٵ˲Ϣע˻ɳ
Ҫ˾ɹʧɫ͵ץ˻ɳʶĻֹҶ档
ҶһŤͱܿ˴˾ɹһץɳ֮ϡ
ͻȻ䣬˾ɹĬĬ۲Ļɳϱߵǿӡ˲ؾѩһɢˡ
ǵģӡ˲ɢˣ
˲Ϣ䣬ӻɳڱѹƷӡô꣬һѣɳ֪
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˲Ϣ䣬ͻ˹ɳӦ
ɳϢ
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ɳ
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˾ģȱǰӦҶס˽ŵĴ˾ɹ
Ҳһɲǣɳؼ־иھĹ⻪ɳڵɲǣɳھڳһɫĹһϢֺޱȵĻɳӻɳ˳ϯҶ棬Ҷ档
˾ɹɳɲǣ۾˲ؾ͵ֱˡ
ˣ
˵Ϣ
ҶȴǷһߣӡشڷɳٻɳϷһǣ
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ۼ֤һĻĴ˾ɹһɲǣһֱͷĸо
Ҷ棬͹ܣУǾ֣̣
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㾹Ȼɱ񣡡
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ҶȴһνģĴеĻɳҲɳ
ôһۡĲлѣл궼㲻ϣ˳˾ˡ
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˾ɹ۵ģҶ棬ٿɳһʱ䣬飬
Լŷл־͵棬ˡ
ĺܳס
⡭
˾ɹһ紦جεĸо
ҲڴʱҶĵ𣬡˾Ѿܶˡ
дл궼㲻ϵ־ɳûκô
ɳҪһλµ񣡡
Ҷ仰Ѿһںڱӡڵô˾ɹ⵱ͷȣɳҪµ񣿡
ԣɳҪµ񣡡
ͻȻ䣬ҶиУ̧ͷͿգһضǿڣ͸գע
Ҷԥӭȥ
˾ˣ
ҶĻô˾ɹ˲شһ飬ѹޱȵĿҶ棬ıϵһߣ
¹ڡ
ۣ·
ĵĿ⣬͸գҶɹڵƽɳڡ
ĿҶɨӻɳɨ
˽⿪ӡĻɳҲҶģ
Ȼ
ͷ֮࣬һ̾ôˣˡ
ʦ֣ļ䣿
ͻȻ䴫֮ϵһ󻯳˿˿ƵЦݡ
ʦĹŵӣȻеĻҪ
պԵԻ͸ôһ˼
Ҷͷһϲæʵʦ֣ͷвɻʦֿԸΪͽһ
һԵʦպȻ֪
ִôһ֮󣬴Ӿ촹˲Ϣɢ١
Ҷ滹˵ʲôȻȥϵ
Ҷͨٴ˼䣬ӦǴǰӡɳʱϢϡ
Ϣ˲
ɢȥȻ׷ϡ
һԣ˾ɹѾŵðˣҶûʲôͼʹˣաأ
Ѿˡ
ʲô
˾ɹȻ֮ʣҶŴ˾ɹ΢΢һЦͻһ⣬Ͷ˻ɳҲɳ֮ڣ


3357 ź
Ŀǽɫɳ
ɳοȥֻһɳȴ
ңɳ򣬶ɳɡ
ɳУÿһɳ̺һƳƬĻɳϢ
ɳ˳ɰǧɳҲ˻ɳĻ
ɨҶͰԵͷ
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ڻɳطһϣﵽ˼¡
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־ֻķһʵսʮֵǿ
Գ֮Ϊ컯Сס
Ҷǰռսһ
Ҷ浱ܻ컯˾Ĺͯռڣʱͻ˾޴ơ
ռڣҶ
ף
ͯΪԶҶ棬ޱǿ컯ȴռ෨
Ҷ棬һռ෨ս
컯ͯĳҶ
ɳҲˡ
һɳ򣬱ߵʵ⵽ѹƣɳɳʵᳬӡ
ԽɱǷǳ顣
ɳãŵ˵Ϊǿ
ǽɳܾ΢΢
ӦҲƵ߾ԼֵһĻɳ򣬱ž޴ȱ㡣
ԵΪֹҶȻɳնɱ컯ĿܵģЩɡ
ƾɳɳնɱͬɱ
նɱ컯¾ͷǳˡ
ͱڵҶ档
ԭɳڣɳطһС
κط򶼻⵽ѹʧЧ
£컯ֻܶУһطļӳɡռ䷨㶼ʧЧ
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ǣҶȴһ
񹬵еıӡ΢ɳɢҶһ˲Ϣʮִɳġ
ӡ˵ҲҶһ취ľ֣ǣͿɳԿ
οӡҶԼıģ˵ӡ˵𣬼
ѹɳ򣬼ֱҪ̫ɡ
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Ӧþǻɳˡ
Ҷȡ峤Ϳ͹ǰ΢һ߶ٴνս顣
Ȼ屻ѹɳĻɳ֮С
ֻǣһλأ
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ҶоӼǰַӡ˻ɳ򣬲͵˴˾ɹУٵ峤Ϳٵɳϵ͵ŵķ
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£ƺǼǰıõġ
ֻʷᣬֻ˵ҶֻһԿ׶ѡ
һеԿס
ˣⱳĲߣǺأ
˭ԶĲ֣Ҷһֲĸо
˭ľֻ֣Ҫ֣չḡְɣ
иޱȵţҶһ̤룬ֱײɳĵĻɳ
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򣡡
˲Ϣ䣬ӡ͸ɳ
ӡ֮£оۺҶĻɳطһɲǷ׷飬ԭʼķƬ
񵶵ĵӰرɢɳһɲǼ䣬ƽ
ӡֻǰһݣײ˻ɳĵĻɳ
ɳڣһԹ벻ʵո𣬾͸Ȼֹ
ѾɳԹ־
ҲǴؼһӡǡ
ڱӡ⻪֮£ɢ
ɳ⣬˾ɹͻȻһ񣬸ƽ
쳣ô˾ɹעڲ鿴
һ֮£ʱϲޱȣϲ
֮һƸңȻĪʧˡ
ɹȻ񵶵ˣʵϣֻʹ߶ѡ
һֱ޷ƿ񵶡
ʱ˿̣ɹȻ֣Ѿˡ
ǣǲƽ޹ʵķġ
ͻȻ䣬ɹ뵽ʹҶ档
ոսɳʹҶ档
϶ǻɳڷʲôʣŻ
ڸԵв²ɹȻ;ģʹҶ֮ǰ˵һ仰ʵҲǺеģɳҪһλµ񣡡
ɳǵԹ־ɢɳڣҶһȫŵ״̬
Ҷ̤ϣ˻ɳڵĻɳĵ߲㡣
һɢޱȰϢҶмļϢķӡ֮ţͳҶǰ
ϤϢϤŵķַ
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ҶȫʩΪķӡ֮ǰ˼֣żɻ󣬾ʹŵĽⷨ
ӡ⻪˲ɢһƵ̾Ϣڵһʱ
㡭ˡ
˵Ҷ棬۾ȴڵһʱ˸Բ


3358 
ʺ󡭡£
ӡƿ֮󣬳һװŮӣŮӣȴܻʺ½Сһģһ
ǵģһģһϢҲû̫
Ҷֿܶܡ
ķӡ󣬿ǺʷĵһλҲһλβҲпǻ
ҶҲû뵽ӡƿߵ˾ȻǴܻʺ½С
һ˲䣬Ҷת
֮ǰɻ⣬һɲ˲Ϣ͸Ҷָһ
֮ɫɢȥҶٴʵֻߣӦýʦ㣬½½ʦ㣿
˵Ϊʲôʺʦ㣬ӡ֮űʦ½֣ͻȻһ˳
ͿԽʦֺܡҲΪʲôҪַӡɳ򣬻ɳ͵˾ɹС
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣǶԱӡʦ½һֱ
ôˣʦֺΪʲôҪʦ½أ
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Ӧ˵ƺԣҶʦܡʦ½ϵĺֱӣҶɻˡ
ݣʦ㣿
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ŵͨҶԼҲ
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ݣҶü
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ݣʵˡ
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ʦ㣬⵽ô£Ҷһɻ
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ܣҫ۵ǿǡ
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βȻȴӣ¹
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ңΪ½Գ֣Ѽĵر½
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׼ȷ˵ܻʺʦ½裬ľβҲʦ½衣
ΪܵѣҲʦ½Ҳβֱʡ
Ϊʲôӡʦ½Ҳ˵ĺܼ򵥡
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ʦֺܷ˵½ҲβȻ֣ɳĻɳ򣬷ӡ˾βֱ졣
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Ϊʦ½䣬λУʹͱ˵ģҲ½ˡ
½벻½ʦ𣬸ס
ʱ½豯֮ʱ̵ɱ޹Ϊױ
ʦֺܷǳֻһֻ½Ϊ֡
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֮ҪûɳΪӡ½裬ΪɳϢԷǳڸ½еϢ
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Ҷͷȴɻ
ӾβͿɽ蹶Ըʦֺܣʦβٵʦ½䣬ʦֺٵڡ
ʦ½˵̫赭д̫򵥡
Ҷֱľʦ½Ӧʲô
Ǵܿʺ󣬻ľβʦ½ÿһݣ߳ķ
½ʦ㣬ʦֵôҶץʱ䣬ʳͷĿǰɻ
ʦ½һΣĿر
ˣˣʦܣһ˵䣬ʦ½賤һ̤һͷβӰ΢΢֣ʱƿ˻ɳбϣ˲Ϣʧ
ҶȻ
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ͬһɲǣܻʹؾСڣʺ½С࿴һʣ̾ôˣڳˡ
ص˲䣬ʺ½СϢͷ·ڵĴ󽭴һ㣬谭Ŀ컯۷壬ָ컯Ϊ


3359 ᦹ
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3360 ִ
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3361 ̫̫в
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3362 ϲ
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3363 ޿
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ʱ˿̣ѾûκıҪҶ׿˵˵ͷҶ棡
Ҷ׿۾գţǴһһ´Ҷ档
̫̫ҶӦʹ죬Ƶϸһ˿Ц⣬ǧ֮Ҷ׿ܻ̳лĴȨһδ
ڼ䣬Ҫʱ̵̽⺢ӣûɡ
û
ҶӦɺʹ죬̫̫ЦݸţǾͺãǸӿϡ
׿٣ҪĽ̵ʱ򣬽Ǹ֮Ժÿʮ꣬һΡ̫̫˵
һ֮ǰӦĺʹҶ棬ɫͻȻʮֵѿ
Ϸˣսûδ̳лĴȨֻҪԸ⣬Ҳû
ǣʮһ޿ܣҶܾĺܼ
̫̫üͷһ壬ƺЩˣ˵ʮˣǰꡭţһΣһ㹻ˡ
εߣһչأܾʮ꣬ʱʵܶˡ
ң㲻ܴ뿪磡
У
Ҷܾն̫̫ɫһҶ棬Ѿ㹻ò㿼ˡ
ϷˣҲˣҶ׿ҵĶӣʱġ
Уҹ飬æʮҲ޲ɡ
˵ҶһЦ˵ҶӣҾڵ֮أǾܣ
ȥȻȥ
Ҷ˵̫̫꣬ѾЪ˹߳ܣԲܣ


3364 
λڻһλƶһ޶̫̫ҶĻǱβ͵èҶ׿§ڻһͷ̵ıܣ
ܣԲܣ
һôΨһɫжԲ뿪뿪磡
̫̫Ъ˹һģ
̣
У˭˵ܣ¸ոտڣֻ˸ƺͱ̫̫˻ȥ
̣˵׿ˡһΣҶǿɬ
ţ
̫̫һѣʶԼģŵҶ׿æ֣һеѯҶ׿
׿ûŵɡ
Ҷ׿ҡͷ̫̫æؼңȥòã
һΣҶ׿ȴᶨĿˣ̣ҲؼңҲؼң
׿ԣ˵ʲôȥġ̫̫һģ
Ҷ׿һĸײ£ͻָҶҾ֪ǲҵ
̫̫סҶǿɬ
ףְ
֮ǰɳʮ꣬Ҷ֪˳ĴڣŸŮϡ
Ҷ׿Ҳˡ
Ӷʮˣ֪׵Ĵڡ

һ㣬Ȼ󻺻ߵҶ׿ǰҶ׿۾׿Ը㣬Ҷ棬ĵס
Ҷ׿ش𣬻ͷҶһۣһУ
СԴһҶ׿һʵŲʵΪʲôҳôˣŵһμңʱʶң
ҶԣֱҸطȥ
Ȼԭӣһ׶ԣʵְ̫ˡ
׿⵱Ϊۡ
ߣǾ֪ĻŪңҶ׿дŭ
һҶҲü
ʮĺӣ淴صʱʱǻش𲻺ãպ⸸ӹϵˡ
һʱҲǺΪѡ
н£Ϊʮǰ幬͢䣬游ĸڵĻŮıܲ׷ɱ
֮ǰеĸ͵ڵ½ԶһδС硣
ﱻǸһȻҡ
Ҹһ𴳵ǸĽΪߣΪߣĳһͱǻһλ컯˷֣ʩչͨŲ߲ʷ
̽Ѱ;ͨŲ߲ʷع磬Ҳǻ硣
꣬Ҹﶨ֮Լ֮ڣҪ½ҪϢ
Ҷ˵ϣҶ׿ĺҶֻ΢΢һ٣СһͼʵǺأ֮ԼôˣȥûˣӦûذɣ
жϺ
ҶҶ׿һĴָȷʵûأʧԼˡʧԼˣѶȫޡ
ȻҲǹʧԼģΪص֮󣬾ͱ̡ҲڻŮˣΪвλ
˵̫̫ܾĸӽЩ̫ʣֹȴֱֹ
̣׿ˣҪ֪ࡣ
̫̫˼ţûпڡ
Ǻأ
Ҿƴһֻ뿪Ǹ½ҵ
һŬҲ㲻ǧټ֮£뿪½ִ˺Ĵ½
Ĵ½ʲôط
Ĵ½һȻǧ򱶵磬˿ڸǻǧ򱶡
ô󰡣Ҷ׿۷Ź⣬ȥ
ðҿԴȥ
У
ǢĽ̫̫ĶϺˡ
̫̫ǿˣҶҶ׿ȥ⺢ӵľȱҶˡ
ȥǻظ̫̫Ҷ׿ķԣֱӽĸӽһ컯ˡ
Ҷ׿ССͣΪȻ컯ǰ͸Ŷûʲô
ߵ˲䣬Ҷ׿ҶߺոմӦˣҪȥĴ½ģܷڰ
ģҲᷴڵġ
ãȥҿԿ
Ҷ㵵Կ
Ҳǡ
ôĺǰͻȻðⷴӦҲ
ҶӦң⺢ٸᡣ
ţţһġ
Ҷ֮ûֹҶ׿ߣβҶ׿
⺢ӴС̫̫ģе޷Ĩɱġ
˵ʵ̫̫ģ÷ŻҶͷͻȻɢ˲١
̫̫ǺҶ׿ģԿóǷĵġ
ȻѪԭ򣬵ȴ޷Ĩɱ
ҶҲֻΪȡԼĶӵɣҶģûҪѪճ
ǵģҶ˿ȡǶӵɡ
Ҷ濴˿Ҷ׿Ȼʳȴ羮ܣ֮ȸһ㣬ɣպֻⷽѣ޷İء
ҶΪף޷֤ԼĶӳɳΪ֮ӢɳΪǿߡߵȵȡ
Ҷ׿Լպ·
Ҷ׿̤Լĵ·֮ǰҶףȴҪ֤Ҷ׿һ˫ɵĳ
ûмɽӥ֮־
Ҷ׿СӥʶأһӥյĻᣬҶ׵κ͵
ɳ̫̫ĳ֣֮ҲҶ׵κ͵ġ
ͻᣬܳɳʲô̶ȣҪҶ׿Լġ
Ҷף޺
㸧׿ԣһǵóһ̡Ҷ̫̫ʩ
̫̫˵ͷɫ
ҲһûгԵһĻ
̣ó׿ǳʲôĵģԣһ⡣Ҷʵ
Ҷô˵̫̫ɫʰɡ
ʷ𣿡Ҷʵ


3365 
ʷ𣿡
򵥵֣ȴֱָʵķǳҲκ棬̫̫ɫ䡣
̫̫ǲ£ֻڳ컯ˣʶ˲Ϣ䶼Ҷֱ⡣
ֵıʵ̺͵ǣ
ˣ붮
ϷҶ׿뿪ǰȥĿҪ󣬸ԡ
һɳֵ֮ĺӣδжĳϢ
һһֱûоĳӥպܹеһδ
̫̫Ŀǰֳ״̬£ʻһ
ʷ֤еĳֵ֮ĺӣδ˫綼ۣ
Ҷ֣⣬Ҳǵģѣ
Ϊĸ׵ĲǸ뵽⣬ֻǱԴΪв˵Ҷ棬ҷ
ԭҲܼ򵥣
̫̫̫ǿˣܷġ
̫̫ڳ˾¶˼֮ɫҶͷɵһɡ
£Ҷջϣúƽֶ
Σ̫̫չǸҶ׿ġ
ֻҪڣҶģ¶ء
ǣҶȴ͹̫̫Ĺִ
ȫĵ͹ˡ
Ҷ棬ʷȻ˼һϸеĺӣûʲôϢ
һûĺӣҲʲôɾ͡
ǣЩ⡣
Ҫ֪ͨϸ⺢ӴЩԻȥ£ʶꡣ
Ȼһ̣Ҳ㻹еġ
պҲ˵һˣֻҪ̫ƵĴΣǿԵģ⺢ӱϾѪ⡣
УҲˡֻҪܱ֤ܹ֤µİȫͿԸ뿪Ȼ£µôã󡣡
̫̫˵ĺ棬̫̫ģѾ˾޴ò
ԣҶȴǿЦ̣׷ףҸ£⺢ӵĸĸ
Ҵûռӡ
̣ܸܲӸһɣҲҸһʱ䡣
ұ֤ȥǴʲôһһΣر
ϾǶϣӽã˵ǰɣҶϵĳ̫̫˵
ϧ̫̫ɺִܹĸ֣У
Ҷ棬㶯䣬߰ɣԺҪ׿˸˵һû⡣
һҶɫȻޱȡ
˰촽࣬ɺ޽չҶľʧ
̣˵ҪǽȫѹǲǾͿԴ׿ˣҶǿ컯۷Ϣس˲Ϣ
ĿŵڻڷųԼϢڻһԣ֡
˲Ϣ䣬Ҷһٶͽ˻е컯ǿߡ
ʮλ컯ۼ˻㳡˷
ɲǼ䣬иߴʮλ컯ˣλ컯񽫵ϢҶ档
Ͼڻڣһ컯ࡢơĴģ궼ǼҶģҶ沢û̫ĵ⡣
̫̫컯۷ϢųҶʱЩ컯˵Ϣ΢΢һ䡣
λ컯컯񽫣̫̫Ϊ¡
Ҷ棬󵨣Ȼڻ£
ŭ߳дȴǻŮһƱ˷˸ŮͳҶŭ߳Ů󣬶ʮλ컯˺λ컯񽫵ϢҶ档
һΣŮȴѧˣһ֣ʹԼеϴһΪҶá
Σȴǽ¸ˡ
ʮλ컯ˣһʮλ컯񽫣ϻųɵˡ
ߣʱ˿̵£ܹӰ컯Ҳʮ˶ѡ
ˣʮλ컯ʮλ컯˵Χ£Ҷûκλ·
˲ͼˡ
վҶǰͳ̫̫̣ǲˣҲ뿪磬Ҳ׿뿪磬£͵ˡ
£
Ҷ˲£ᶨִŵòµ˵ͷ˵Ҷ
Ҷ棬뿪磬üǰ˵ĻҲ̫̫˵
Ҷ棬ﶼ˵ˡŮҲҶͨ뺡ʶ㡣ٸҲʶ࣬˵ء
ҶŤͷһۻŮŮҶͻȻһ
ٸ룬Ͼͳݾ֮ڣʥͻὫһںĴ½ľնɱŮӧڣҶУɱɣ
һң
Ҷ棬Ųǻ磬ݾ;ʹġ̫̫ǵ
鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪӰͻظ֣סҶ浭ĺ𣬡Ҫԣ
鱦
ռ鱦
ȻǺĿռ鱦컯ľһƬ̫̫ǳ鴤һ£ɫòȻ
˭û뵽ҶﾹȻпռ鱦
ڣڳˣҶڼʱڽݾ͵Ĵ½
ҶڴܵĵλӰݾпִܱС
˲Ϣ䣬Ůɫһס
ҲҶ˵ϻıͣ˵һ컯˺󷽡
ŮӧҶģҲĲ
һ˵Ŀ⣬̫̫̫̫
̫̫˿鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪȻЦˣҶ棬䣬ɲֻӵ鱦ǻҲС
̫̫˵Ļ˲Ϣ䣬кȻųһ߲ʹ⻪
鱦߲飡


3366 ɱ
ǰ㳡Ͽգһ߲ʹ⻪²ڳĻ컯޾η֮⡣
鱦߲֣ͷһ͵ǰҶǰȻ̣Ҫң
Ҳ߲İߡ²һ䡣
̫̫Ų£΢΢һЦѾͷ㻹ǲ߲˶壬ػ
ǶԸһߡ
ԭǰ˭ǿߣû̫壬Ҫǣ˭ߣ
ȻҲżͳ׿򲻵ѣǲҶ涨Ϊߵġ
ȻΣÿѡ񡣡̫̫һš
ҶᶨĽԼ󣬡Ҫġ
һ࣬ŮѾ棬Ҳ˿Ρ
Ҷ棬֣üǾ仰֮ǰеĳŵ̫̫˵һ䡣
ҶЦ֣̣ҪҶ֡
Ц䣬ɫ߲ʵıӡظҶͷ΢
ӡһе߲ڣͻطһ²߲ʹ⻪Ȼ֡
Ҳͬһɲǣڳʮ컯ˣ̫̫ڵʮ컯񽫣ͬʱ֡
ӡ⻪֮£ؿѹʯűӡͷһ޷ݵС
ԶҲƱӡС
̫̫ɫһ䣬ӡϢ߲鴫ݸϢͻȻʶǰⷽϢµСӡܱܿҶǼ鱦Ҫǿ
̣ڵңɱǣɱ
ҶıӡͻȻԭ´졣
ˣ
綬һĺ𣬱ӡᵴ֮£粨㵴˲ؾǰ㳡
ͨͨ˲ͣ
֮ǰ㳡ʮλ컯ˣڰеģͻȻ½һֱӴӰĪѹ֮£Ĺڵء
Щվڻǰ㳡컯ˣ޷Īѹ֮£ͨͨĹڵء
мΪֻ컯˳ڵĻ컯ˣֱһޱѿͶص̬ѹﶯá
Ůһֱƽ̬ڵָֹͷ޷
ͬһʱ䣬̫̫ڵʮλ컯񽫣׷׶ȫԿӡѹ
Ϊ͵ֳ컯񽫣Ѿ׹ڵأֻܴ߶еǿԼѹ򵱳
̫̫ɫرþ֡
Ҷʵ֮ǿû뵽ġ
ֻһ˲䣬Ȼѹǻһе컯ֱ
һɲǣǰĿ־ٴθ̫̫ͷ
ֻʱǴܵĳɰǧʥġ
ڣȴֻҶһˣ
ػ
ĪĿ־֮£̫̫ľߣ߲ˣߣ

¾ɲǣе߲飬ǲʺ硢ǻͻʹһ߲ʹ⻪˷Ҷ档
ֱ߲ӵǿӲĹʽֱӹҶԴ
أ
ҶȣӡҶͷ߲ӡΪģֵ߲Ĺ
߲һ֦ӡй⻪̫̫Ȼ߲һֵ֦߲ĹⲻЦ
̫̫Ȼֹ
һּȲ˼Ŀ⿴Ҷıӡ
߲˸ıӡɫ⻪ɫ⣬һʶƻãһȦȦ⻪к߲ʹ׷һȦȦ⻪ǰ
Ҷɱڡ
ɽطڶ֯
ÿһ⣬׼ȷޱȵնǰѹ컯ˡ
Ȼʱӡȫѹ֮Щ컯ҶɽǰǴ׵ĸ
ʵû֮ǰӡӡҶ߶ɽնɱЩ컯˾ͬɱ
Ҳʮλ컯񽫣Щ֮
ȫΪߵ̫̫ҲһĻޱȵļ

ˣ
Ҷһȥųɵǿߣ¶Ҫն
ʱ򣬻ɾͲԪôˡ
̫̫ļУ߲Ĺ⻪͵رһ߲ʽ磬͵Ҷ棬еĽ⡣
ؼʱֱ̣߲ñҶ淢˹
һ˲䣬߲ıӲĺҶıӡҶıӡʱ͸ϸСƣҶѪ硣
Ҷô߲˼ʮ鱦żĲࡣ
¾ɳ̺¾֮鱦߲ҲΪ֮ɵ
߲󣬷򣬶ٱػ¾Ӱ졣
¾֮£߲鱾ֻ˺
ҲһɲǣɽֻĽ⣬ȵ˻ʮλ컯˵ͷҪ
̫̫ɫһɲǲҰޱȡ
ΪֻҪҶһʮλ컯˴Դᱻɷ顣
ɽڵɷԴġ
ͣ
ͣͣ
̫̫֣ͣƻչ߲߲ʹ⻪Ҳ΢΢һա
ʱ˿̣̫̫ˣ
ҶĨһǵѪ̫̫Ц˵ɱǣɱ̣ҪҪԣ
̫̫촽ţָҲڲһҲ˵
ҶԴΪвв̫̫ųҶ׿۽ǵƳԵĲ¡
ޱȵĲ¡
ʱ˿̣¼м䣬޴룬Ϊ˼㡣
̫̫ٿͷˣٿҶ棬Ϊ׽޴ģҶͷͻһʹ


3367 
Ҷ֪һնȥġ
ǿնȥ˵ֻǲ£ǸոռһĶҶ׿
̫̫Σʮ긧ڡ
ҶһնȥһãͻӷĿɳ
ԣһնã

Ҷͺһնڻ컯ͷĽ˲صأһ⣬ĻҶ
ˡҶͷԲһЦ
⸡֣һҡͷ
ջأ̫̫һ
ʱ̫̫ŷԸ亹
ղҶһնȥǺ
£ڲ¸׿ϣʹգҶĳ̫̫˵Ŀȴǿ¹⻪߲顣
һģ
У߲⻪˸һ£𣬡㲻лģ죬Ǳˡ
ţҹĻᶼУ
Ŀ߲ʹ⻪ӹҶ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ΢΢һۣʹҶϢʧ
УҶĲ
£տ׿ҹ
洽֪ˣȫΪǲߵġ
ҪȻŵ£߲ǿҶʮλ컯˵̫̫Ҳ̲Ҳ
̫̫Ҷ뿪ķкȻ֮ɫŨ
ǰҶʱȻڻ緭ΪƽĻңģǽҶ汾ɲ
죬̫̫ȴֵķ̶֣̼䣬ҶΪѾһģһ˵Ȼ͸ҶΪˡ
̫̫һԤУҶ淽űֳʵȴ߲˲ۣǻȫ컯һӿϣҲκβҶ档
û취ҶǷӡö¾ֱǻĿǡ
ڣ̫̫Ψһİοǻ߲ˣʰѹҶ
Ҷ˵ĻĻ̫̫̫⡣
ҶΪպ϶һ㲻ɡ
Ϊ컯۷̶ȣҪٽһһСҪĴۺʱ䡣
ʱ䵥λһ㶼԰ǧΪλ
Ҫǧֻ꣬Ҫʮʱ⣬Ҷ׿ĸ³ɳ
ǻΪ
ʱҶǿ߹ϣΣ
һʮĳͻȻϸǿģء
̫̫ȻĴ㡣
ӽ𣬳ȥҶ䳤֮λ̫̫ؿҶ档
ĩˣֲһ䣬Ҷ鱦֮гƣӰȥ٣һİȫԣίʵס
¿һҶʧķ򣬡֪ˡУżֱ䣬İ
̱ͼ飬Ѿĥˡ


Ҷ漫ͻأĳϿգȻȻһ£бӡ⻪תӵԲת⡣
ڻ߲齻֣ȷʵҶ˲ᣬұӡҲˡ
ͳŻתĴ½һʱ䣬ҶѾʱռ䳹׻ָƣӡҲָ
׼ȷ˵ӡо
һսǱӡȫŷһսҲĳЩڵһս
һսҶ淢˱ӡʵһЩ
ͬʱһУҲҶɳײ룬ػ֮Բ
ԣ뿪硢ת֮Ҷֱ
طҶѾǵһˣ֮ǰɱ̣Ѿǵˡ
һȴΪ¾񽫺
½Ƕξ˼ʱڣҶȷ妼ͻ
Ǳӡıش壬ɳȽֵҶһݴ֮ں妻Ӧ
ԣӻ뿪֮Ҷ
ļ֮һ
ܹҴ棬Ӧǵ뿪̫漧̸еԭ
̶䣬Ѿ仯һŵԺһˣ˷ǳŨ
ĸƷ׵ĵӣ洦ɼ
Ĺ󳼣㶼
ĹٷȫѾ̺һˡ
Ȼ仹һЩԵġ
ֻǼʱķԽԽˡ
ҶĹ⣬ӵ壬ǵķҲûˡ
ȻⲻԴϵѹ
Ϊ໹ǿĽʿѾ죬Ѱҷȥˡ
ִһ޴ջ
ÿ˶Լôˣÿ־ģһأ
ȥ˲лᡣ
ȥûᡣ
Ϊķ뿪ˣĹڲޱȰ
ΪҴļ֮һͶΪٵڰо䡣
ҶϿյɲǣ컯ʱͷҶ档
һλ컯ʮλ컯ˣԸַʽжݳӭҶ档
Ȼͷλ컯ϵҶġ
Ĵ½˫Ķ˧Ҷ棬Ҫٲص㽻һ£Ҳչ״̬
ҶԪ˧֪ͻȻ٣кҪ£ӭ컯Щ㷲
Ҷնɱ컯սѾ׹
Ҷ濴һλ컯΢΢һЦ£Ҹ˶ѡ
˵䣬Ҷʵʵ޼ɵˮйһ㣬Ĺ⡣
ͬһɲǣҶҲ쳹ס
妣ѵβһ


3368 ĩ·
һ࣬¾񽫺妵Сӹĺ
֮ǰΰĲ̫ãԴӽӵ֮󣬺妵СӾ͹÷ǳ
ܵЩʵǴܵһЩǹǵĹʦ״ӡ¾ǰ˶ֱͦ
Щǰ͸̫ϻһ
ֱҪ̫
ֱ˼¡
ԭĴʦȻˣȴҶɱˡ
ǹע£úл̱
Ȼֻùϵô˵̸ʦͽһ
ֻҶıֳʵԽԽˣ妸ɴ֮Ժ
ǣʦ֮λȴܿȱ
ңıȽϳɹ֮һʦһְΪҪ
妸ɴԼͳĴʦ
컯ÿһδ󾳽ͻƣҪԸ
ڲ£֮£ûλġ
Ҳ˵˸ȽԶŵ컯񽫣컯֮£컯񽫻컯ˣǲܳڱͽݼֱӻȡԸġ
½컯񽫣ͨڻԸֻһ㲢ֻǿʦʹ͡
Ǻ妸ʦҲпƺĿֱ컯Ը
УҲʹ´ԸͻƵġ
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3370 ʮ
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3372 з
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ܵģ˵ʶģҪҪϣ
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ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣ鱦׹Ҷ֮Ȼͨ鱦ǻֱϿɺֵ֧鱦
պУȻľԽԡ
һݣʮ֮һ˵⣬Ҷȴ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪڣԪмĻлѡ
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ԴˣѾͨ鱦ӵ˵Ͽֵ֧鱦
˵಻պ˴ܵĶȸǬǵ˵Ҳֱͦˡ
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ݵķҶ䣬Ѫ﹭֮ڡ
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Ѫ˵һعҶǰ﹭Ҷ汳󣬸ոս鱦׹Ҳͷ
ʱҶ¹ڣֱա·عһ
зϣ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶԺ˵ڣҶǷ·һΣشа
һɲǣҶҶ棬˵־
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֮֮ڱӣܣӻⷽ࣬ɻݼ飡
ʼ䣬յıӡһɢůĹ⻪˺Ĵ½˷


3381 ֮
УҶȻѾȥӡոġ
Ҷȥ˵ļսҲת˲ֹ
߶ȸԼǰնص⣬µƵһˣȻѸԶȥյԶС
̫漧ˣǬɫĺʱ״֮Զȥ
ʺ½С͸ӱģ︫׹£Ž΢΢һ٣ųԶȥִ︫Ļʺ½Сȴûԭֱͣӻתء
ͬһɲǣɡҲǷֿӰʱԶȥ
£֮սҲ˲սᡣ
֮£ֻǣǶԣԲ´
սҶѾԶݣµȻپ״㶼תˮĿոıӡһʱ侹Ȼû
ҲֱսͣЪؼս컯ǣź¶˾ɫԶħʥǵ֪ħʦԣ׼ȷ˵Ѿλ֪ľԣĿ¶֮ɫ
ڴ֮ǰڶ˧Ҷս
ҶǴзɱǿھͶնɱѾõĳɱ
Ȼһжսµ·硣
µƽɫϧ֣ܰµ׷°Ȼ
ս첻̾Ҷǿʵ
컯ͷҲһͷ治ˣ
ֱʱҶ룬ؼǿսս컯ǲȻ֣ɲˡ
ŵĴսУ治ۣµһֱһж
ʲôʵ
컯۷ʵɲ˵ڣӵжȸ˵Ѱɱ鱦
ʵ
еӵеսĴڣ
̫漧˭
ʮǰĺ֮ӣ֤ߣܵĿߡ
ܴУйء
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ټܰյӳ֣˻֮λ֣ǬӡԪ˵Ҳĵһս
µ˷ֱԸ뿪̫漧λӵеսǿ֮࣬źԸҶ档
һսʵʵǴ̫漧Ҷ
УҶ滹֮
ϧ֣ܰҶ룡
ʱ˿̣Ĵ½컯ǣſµǿ
ֻǰҶֳʵ̫ޣ壬е治˵ĸ̾
ʱս־֮ǿ
Ĵ½컯𾪵ĵڶµȴһΡ
Ҷ˸βͱӡ
βȴޱȣ˭ҲҶ
ԭΪӡӻⷽأӦת˲š
ڿȴֲͬ
ŴսԲһ˲͵ɽء
ŵĴսǺĴ½ԴײԺĴ½Ӱ졣
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ڽһʱڣײನŻὥεĴݵĺĴ½˷
µ滹棬Ĵʱ䣬ǺĴ½ֶѵİꡣ
ɽǼҳ㷹ˮģ޳ָֽ֣
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ҶıӡԱӻΪΰˮһƽϢźĴ½ΪⳡսĴˡ
أ
Խⳡ۷սĴ½˺ֵ͡
Ȼ޷֣ԶԣԺĴ½кӰ죬ή͡
£ϡ
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ҶıӡҪǰִص״̬
ֻбӡص״̬ǲͨӡϢ׷Ҷ档
Ҳ˵λҪµʱʱϢӡʱ׼ҶһδؽµҲġ
ʵϣȴûκ塣
ΪҶΪ͵ǰƣµʱ䣬϶Ѿָٴ
λʱĿǡҶܴ£һɱҶ棬Ҷĸ󻼡
׷˵Ҷ棬ûκˡ
ҵҶˡ
ϾҶڵΪԿȥģȱλͨҲ޷ƾҵҶ档
ôӡؽûжˡ
ԭҲܼ򵥡
Ҷ½ĵӡ
ҶƻظȻǡ
ǱȻ
ҲǶԹ
λͷЩεǣ̶ȣΪս뾫һ˿һǴĸǳǳѡ
һҶڴ˴սʱֽ
ʣȻǻµ桢桢Ҷͷϣƫģ˭зݡ
պлԵ㣬˭Ӳѣ
Ȼ㣬µΪ棬Ҳǲôġ
ǣսҶӶݣȴ֤֮ӡķˮѹ޸ֽ٣ء
ǹ
޷ֹǴأҶҲӲպ㡣
ǣҶصĹʱ˿̣ȴ˵ƣԴԴϵĴظ𣬻ӡУϵűӡϢżһƼٵ¡
µĵĸڣ
ȥ˵ã


3382 ɱӺ
ӡʱأ˲ãΣλֻȻ޹
̫漧뿪λ棬һתء
ŶȸԼǬԪܿʺ½С㶼֮תֻҶıӡС
ų⻪źĴ½ء𡢷硢Դ֮ѹ޸ŷһսںĴ½ֽ١
޹ڣλԶþԣ˶һͶǰӰС
ǰµڻתţܲϸСƣתڻĻָš
ɽŹӰУֻɽϱȥһ޸ٶȣµţɾˡ
һսеʧһҲµС
λ֤֮Ž֮ϣֻǱ︫һ㸫۶ѣѾ޸ĲˣʱͶӰУȻȫָ
ԸɽȱһֻһӰҪ׻ָҪʮĹſԣ治ɵóһ
ѲɣǾֻĿ½봫
أ˵֮ͣ˵
µ治ԣһ࣬治ɵͷ
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˼õµʱڿڣǲԸǲܡ
µָָиıӡӡҶĿ£ǡ´ء
£κ˶Աӡκζ⵽ǿҵıʧȥλݶġ
µ滷һǵУԸ
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Լɾˣλ浱ǾԲֵܳģ
浹ǳһ棬һҪô浹ʵѡ
ͷϾͱӵԺˡ
ǾԲܵġ
ֻ֮Ѫƴһ
ƽѶϣȴһҲ
֮λˣԲ򵥡
һۣҲĻصɹ

ƾʲô
µĿһĻҲΣæԲܣʵԣֻܴöԸҶ棬Ը½봫ˡ
˵µЦҲǣʮǰ½ͷʹ֣ʮ֮ĵͷʹ
һ㣬ǻȲ½롣
ܿܣ
½ˣǻž͹ˣ˵
µ˵棬ɷϸ˵һ˵
Ϊ湲ͬ壬ȻԣȴӲȱϯ
ϷԸ½봫ˣؼ

δս֮ƴһܱ֮սͶԴ
ӵж
һǿ֮µ˵
µѣ˼·ʱչûǼ½Ҷ棬ǲòĶԸǡ
ҪȻȫ֮£Ҷʦ½һǻҷˡ
ȶ´ν֣ɾͲֽģˡ˵
ȴһĳ࣬ҶȴǼѶϡ֮ǣҲ޷жϣֻܽΪϡ
׶ϵǿǻˣдܹ˻֣д۵˵ΪƾҲҪɱɱģ
ڳѴΪȻͷ֮࣬Ϳµ档
µģȴг֮
ҶǿҪԴ̫ܿ漧ΪȷʵԼ
ܼҲ㶯֡
ǿԸҶҵˣǣǵľǽǡµ˵
ħ壿ɵħ֣ǣܵĶЩǿɣ
̫ܿ漧磬ĵˣɲħ塣µ˵
ԣüͷһ壬ܵΪˣ
š
µ˵ͷҲȫҪڱһ
⣬̫漧ʱãǸոûõľβѵ
Ⲹո͸Բҵ֮£ɱӺ죡µͻرñޱȡ
ƣ
ƣ
µ飬Ȼ˫޳ɡ
Ȩַս󣬵ɱӺ죡
Ʒٴʵ
ؼġ
֮ǰһսУȻҶ˵⼫Ҳá
ҶǱӡѪ﹭ӱϽ˵챦ȻϾͱǸú
ս䣬ҶÿÿԽ֮Ͷսǻ죬Ҷȴܽأʵ
Դ˿ǲܶҶҶսǿҲѾȫ
Ҳˣд׷ʡ
ôʣµȴһЦʵ⣬˴𰸺ͷ
ˣͬʱɻ
˼ΪʲôҪ컯ͥ컯ͥĳʲô
ִµĻأͼ˼ǣ


3383 
ǰϿյĴս춯أ
ÿĴڼ̵ʱڣʹ˺ġ
˺ˣڣҲдš
ЩŴģҶ֣ԼҶĴ澭
û̶ռ䣬ҶںĴ½磬ѾΪˣǰҶƽ񴫲ѾģΪһĴ˵ˡ
Ĵ½ȵ¼
ȵ¼֮£Ĵ½ȴ˲עĴС¼
ЩС¼ȴ塣
һ£ǿʻ½СѲ
Ϸսĵڶ죬ʺ½Сִ︫̤֮׷أԭϹŲ󣬵ִﺣԭǣڱڡ
ҲҶĸڡ
˵ۡŮӴ󿪹ʺ½С֪١
䣬Ͽᵶأмֻʺ֮⡣
ڶ£ȴβйء
ʵϣڶ»ڵһ֮ǰ
Ҳʺ½СصǰһҹľβͿɽЯ鱦ҹֱܵ۶ء
ǬԪԳ˱
˻ΪľβͿɽ蹷ɵȻɵҪܵ۶ء
ǬԪᦶûϢ͸ɢȥ
βͿɽ蹴ػʹ֮У䲻ͼ
βͿɽ蹴ػʹ֮٣ȴ¾֪
һҹ֮䣬ҥԴ
ʢÿ̫漧չβں󹬣һμѻ
ҥԴĸػ˲ĳͻ
βں󹬣Ժ飬ԣȴǳ衣
һԲϡ

ոǿƣҶƴ棬죬ͷʢٲʱҲը̡
ֻ˭Ҳ֪޹еλŭѡ
ԭλǴҪ˸ոõľβͿɽɱӺ졣
״ɵġ
ԭƻ޸ɽĵڣλ죬ȷβͿɽ蹵Ĵλã췣֮ˣڶ컯棬ɱβͿɽ蹣졣
ڣҳβͿɽ蹵䣬βͿɽͶ˴ܵ۶ء
СҥԴ
µȴʮǾβͿɽ֪֮ΣǰͶ˴ܵ۶أԴ̫ܿ漧֣һΣ
Ҳ޿κ֮¡
Ͼľβһñܼס
ҪȻʮǰβҲڴսʤʧʱʮ֮ع
Ȼλǲϧκδȫ֣Ȼڴ̫ܿ漧ıӻβͿɽ蹣ܿ漧
ͳˡϧۡĸ֮ϡ
ⲻϧ۵£Ĵ̫ˡ
λ涼мֲ֮ܳС
ȻҲͲܳλնβ׳ˡ
ολȻһ£һҪ۵ʱ򣬾ͱûˮԵľ档
µҪնҶĵһ£ʧˣֻٴεȴᡣ
ڷĵ£¹ˡ
¹غؼ컯ǿߵˡ
սĵڶ죬ֹһۿԾڷӹɣкµ߳ûӰ
Ӱһۼھǣʱͷˡ
ǰײˣֻײ˶ѡ
˭Ҳûļھִķڹֻײˣ˻ơ
ǵĳֹǷʱ䣬Ƶĳھڼ̶صʱ򣬾ڵķΧͱˡ
ԭﶼǾΣײײˣżɱɱ˽һԹ
ڷÿʱ͹̶ڼصʱѪսͳˣ
Ϊֹ⼸ص㣬սνǼȵļңǲҡ
ÿʱỵ̈˶䣬ʱʱĻ컯䡣
һʱ䣬ڣνѪ졣
˭ûע⵽
ھߣûиߺ֮궼ᱻ컯ͥ¼
޹Уµ桢桢˿컯ͥϲ֣еͽְ˾ѡĿϵıʵǷ׷¶Ц⡣
мգͥĿӦòˣʱǾͿ£˭ִ񣡡µЦ
ǺǣԿͬʱͷ


3384 ͽ˭
Ҷģ
Ĵ½컯ڿ⡣
ȻѰҺͲ²Ҷ䣬ɲǡ
Ѳ˾ħ壬ѰҶ䣬ԭҲǸͬ
ȴǲࡪûн
ҶնƴµˣʵѾ˽֪
ȻûеλȴѾӵ˵ʵ
׷һλӵеʵĴܵ䣬ɲ˭׷Ѱġ
֮ܣɻûڤ˲ϢҶ棬ȵһơӻ
ԣǴѲ˾׷ѰҶⷽ棬ֻӣǾѣ˭׷Ѱϣޱã
ⲢЩ컯²Ҷ䣬˽ｻ
˽ˣ۵㶼ࡪΪҶȻ˺Ĵ½ȥˡ
ǿҶʵշתŲ֮УԷˮһ򵥡
ڶλ׷ɱ
ĳ̶ֳȶԣλҲΪġ
ΪҶʱ˿̿϶ں֮ĳˡ
ǣҶʵȴڣ
Ҳɽƽɽ
ҶԻɱλ֮ҶֱӴӺĴ½Ųƽħ磬ִħŲƽռ䣬ִռתħ磬ҶԼػغġ
Ҷһħ͵ڵΪȻá
Ժˡ
ڣҶϢ죬ڸҶϢΪʲ
˵ʵԸʦ½붼ϼһУҶٲСĽǾˡ
ԣսǰսʱֻսҶ涼˼¡
Ҷ棬Ҫһʱ䡣
ֻ˵ʱ˿̣ҶνΪ
Ҷ֮Եħ磬ΪħѾҶƿأһλʩչֶͨ׷ħ磬Ҷڵһʱ䷢ֲ׼
ΪʲôҶһȦ֮ðΣջص˺Ĵ½
ԭ
һĴ½Ҷĸڣ֤֮֮ںĴ½
ҶֻдںĴ½֤ܷ֮ơ˵˵
ֻ֮ҪںĴ½Ҷ˵֮ƣҲλɵڡ
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ӡںĴ½߿ոѹƽΪսơ
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ȻҪλûô鷳ˡ
Ҷ治һҶɾ͵ǷͬһĿֱ֮ν֪кһνΣЩβҲҶҪġ
Ҷǳʱ뿪Ĵ½ӡɿԸգѹƽֽ٣ȴ󽵡
ӦģҶ治ںģӡһδջĺôҲ½Ҷںģôӡأջֲһ
ԣҶ涵һȦֻ֮ˡ
һ
Ĵ½Ҷյ·
ıλ׷ˣǾͽһս
ں֮⣬Ҷѹûн֮սѪƴѡ
ںģȴֲһ
˵̫漧ʦ½ˣؼʱҶԽ֮С
֮⣬һɱŵմͨ
ʵǵŵĻɽĵĴ
ǲԱϵɵϮ
ŵĻɽΪ鱦ʮԪ챦ΪۣһλͨǿΪ󷨣λϵĲߣдܣ
ŵļ¼һλ컯󷨣ٸλΪȵͨ컯컯޹߲ףն컯
󷨣ڲεġ
һλ컯󷨣λǿԵֵסһλǿߵȫġ
꣬½أδơ
Щ¼˵ͨǿ
ԭΪƾ㵱½䣬Ҳײᱻơ
½䣬˴״Ϊԭ֣Ⱥ֮£ױơ
ҶһΣȴǽͨΪ̡
ŵĻɽѾúܶ꣬鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫʤλ컯Ҷ˵Ѫ﹭󷨣󷨵ܣԶǰ
ҶӵսڴܣɱҶҲĵֵԮ
Ҷ·̡

ͲΪ˵Ҳ
Ǹйء
Ű˴״ӵУͽ
˭ͽ
֮ǰתͶܡ
ʦ½軹ǰʦׯ֤ʦֺܲͽҶʦֺ֮ǰУҶҲȷʦֺ̫ܲͽ
ôŰ˴еͽ˭أ
λʦеĳһλ
ֻЩѶȫ޵ʦ
ʧʮѶȫ޵ʦҶû֤ڵλʦ֣Ҷȴа취֤
û
֤
һΣҶٴΪնѰҿصͽ
λʦУͽôһҶս֮תˣͽֵĻᣡ


3385 ʦ֮
Ҷʦ½²УȻҪ˽¡
ǣʦ½ڲлɢǰ⽻Ҷģֻ¡
һ¾лĻؽţϾ½Ѫ²ڡ
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½״Ӽ׺񣬼ġ
ͨطͿԿ
½뵱ʱӣÿһƣǵ츳費ͬĹƷѪ
ͷ½ȴей¶١λǰ䡣
ҪȻ£½λ潻֣һ޷ȡʤȫȴûκģ䡣
׵˱ѣʹġ
Ҷʦ½뵱ʱ顣
ԣʦ½ĲлɢǰûҶǰᱨһ£ǰĴԸҲҶ˳Ȼļɡ
Ψһִʵҳ״ӵеͽ
Ȼ½Ĳл껹һ仰û˵Ҷҳͽ֮ͽΪʲôҪѣ
ҲˣؽѲ£Ҷȴҳλʦʦ㵱еͽ
ҳ
ʦ½ʵԸִ
ͬʱҳͽҶؽţҲᰲġ
һҶս֮תڣǸͽһԼĻᡣ
Ҷ֮ҪĿǰʱųʦֺܵɣʦ½ܡ
ʦҲɣʦսʧٵڣʮûκѶ£ͽĿҲС
Ҷֻȴλʦʦ
ҶҲȫûɵġ
Ҷոյõ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ֮ûãÿζðԪؽпŲƣǿƥ׷Ѱ
Ҷ浱ʱΪ΢ֻܴԼжϳԴķӦɵ׷ѰˣӦڵλʦʦ֮һ˭Ҷ浱ʱȴ޷жϳ
ȻֻҶһ뷨
˵׷鱦ʮԪ챦ʦʦͽ
Ͼʱ鱦ʮԪ챦飬ʧʦرһλʦַ֣Ӧòƾ׷Ź׷
ֻǵ¶ҶӰˡ
ҲΪĿġ
Ҷתڵĵһʱ䣬;Էա졢ߡīׯλʦʦ㣬Һܻ䱩¶Լս֮˵״
صڵԭΪ׷ҶҪڵɽŴλʦֵֵһȡָƵʱ䡣
Ҷһ죡
ʵϣʱڣҶǼìܵġ
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ҶϣһвҪ
ϣλʦ˭ͽ
ķǳìܸӡ
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ΪʱռԭҶתڵʱƾѾ˴ˣûбֳôأȱͽλɱҶҲǲ¡
οӡʱڴأÿʱÿ̶ܻô˵⣬ĳ̶ֳϽҶʵʵڲϵġ
׼ȷ˵ս죬Ҷʵָǰһˣ˾޴Ĳࡣ
ǰϿմսʱҶոմ컯۷ͻƵ컯ڡ׳ɾ˴֮Ѫ﹭֤֮鱦׹޳ɾΪ鱦з֮ҶԼļ
ǣʱı仯һ˲䷢ģλϮɱͬʱ
ȻѪ﹭ҶϤչ黹ʱ̫̣ΪͻƵ컯̫̣վǲ˵˼
ҶѾȫһˡ
ʱռڻõĴʱ䣬Ҷ֤ͻ֮һΪǳ׵ڻͨԶ֮ǰ
Ǵʱ˿ҶԶսһµٴսһսԲͬ
ҲǵսʱҶΪʲôҪӶݵԭ
λɵ꣬ΪƵ˾ͷһ㶼ǳѡ
Ҷ棬ֻҪһʱ䣬Ϊսͻٴδ
ҶȻϵơ
˵Ҷıڵ죬ҶԺҪڻ⡣
ڣȻսٴδ
⣬Ҷҳʦеͽˣ˽ʦ굱еִִԹ
ǣʱڣֱҶҲûеλͻϮȻҲûдڵλʦֵеҳͽ
ȴʦ½裡
ʦֽ½Ҳʺ½СأѲα֮󣬾Ϣڡ
ʦηɰڣȻȻͼҶ档
лʦ෽ά½裬Ҷæл
һл½ǰսʱлʦ½Ѳα
ʵ½ѲαڰҶˣڰҶ汣Ҷ׽ˣηɰڣҲΪ˱ηɰס
ʦܣһȴǴˣ͡޹顢ȻΪ棬ֶȴûеԾͣǲģЩ黹Ҫһ
½Ҷ棬ҶȻֵĺ⣬æл
л֮Ҷָ½λʦɻʦ㸴ղãʲôʱʦϵϵģ
ʦֵܰ˵һô꣬ϵطȴҪ֪ڴս֮ȥĲãΪʲôҪڣ
Ͳ͡޹顢׷Žʣµһ𣿡ʦ½߳ʣ


3386 ϲ
˵ʵҶ汻ʦ½߳ʵе¡
ǵŴʦַ˵Ҷ档
Ҷһʱ֮䶼֪Ӧˡ
ս֮ﲻȥΪʲôҪڣ
λϮˣŵ
ʦ½⣬൱Ϭ
ڴ֮ǰա졢ߡīׯˣûΪҶս֮һ뷨
УҲû
ʱ˿̣ʦ½һʣ÷ͷ棬б仯
ʦׯһ־ŭ飬˲ϢҶʵʦܣ㻳˵Сͽ
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3387 ִ
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3389 ͥʼ
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3391 ˭ɱ
ǬһʱСᣬʱƽʱĳỹҪ
ʱ֮ǬŶԿةΪ׵ĴܿҴ뿪ŶǬڣֻ˿̫漧һˡ
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ΪҶֺĴ½ʱѹûϢ
ҶĳںĴ½Ϣһ֣ͬնһ˵ʱ̹עűӡλ棬ǻŴµ컯˲Ϣ͸ӦҶĴںͷλ
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ǰһսҶֳʵ͵̣ѾΪλĸˡ
ждҲΪ
ǣӦҶϢͷλɲǣµ棬棬ֻ棬ֶˡ
ȵؼΰǵ֤׷ͬһʱȥ
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3392 ɱӦ
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3393 
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3394 
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Ҷ˾٣ɲѹƽ˺Ŀǰֽ٣֮£пʦ֮
˽ӡعҶʱǴɡһ磬Ҷڵġ
ɡһҶڵɲǣҶڵϢ΢΢һ


3396 ̳
ɡһػҶڣҶԴ΢΢һػҶԺ˵ᣬ˵һ˸
룬ҶԴԺ˵ַϸ΢ı仯
ÿһϸ΢ı仯ֱӷӳҶԴĴһ̶ҶԴڵط
ϸ΢ı仯ѻһҶ취Ĵ߶ơ仯˸εᡣ
ٶֻǳһʱͽˡ
ںϽ֮ҶٴԼ˵ᡣ
˵ᣬҶ沢û̫ࡣ
ֻʦµ¡
ʦ½ԣ˵Դ临ӣڿ֡
أȴнġ
ʦ𵱳ֻĸ֡͹
ҶʵҲû̫⣬ֱֻɱħѡ
Ҷû뵽ȴʦ½Ҳûɵ˵ᡣ
ֱ죬Ҷס
ʦ½뵱ɱħ壬һҲҶ١
Ҷֻ಻٣Ҳϸߡ
ʦ½նɱħʼħ񣬾λʦ½еħ֪컯Ŀ˵Ҳʮλ
ɱҶҪˡ
ǣΪʲôʦ½ȴû˵أ
ʦ½뵱˵ᣬʦ½ΪȱλҲӦûɣ
˵Ϊֹʦ½뵱굽ôλ֮£ûи
Ҷ֮ǰ뼸λʦʦ⣬۶һ¡ʦй¶±λʦ½Աûġ
ǣȴˡ
⵱Уɵء
Ҷ֤δѶзءǴ֮ҶʶѾ
ʦնɱôħ壬Ϊʲôû˵ᣬҶҳԭ
ν͹
⹦ζأ
ɱħй
⹦ôأ
Ҷڶ⣬ȴǹƽ
նɱаж񣬹жߣ
˵ֱһ㣬ħ֣ʦ½͸ɱ
ʱħո֣Ȼ϶аɱɱ֮й
ʱħո֣ûжԺĴ½ͺ̫ƻɱħ֮й
ʮ֮ħѾģħĴ½ͺɵƻȻ飬񼫣
ںͷħ壬Уǿ־壬ǻаǶɱħй
˵
ļģ
ʱҶɱһħ컯õ֮ͣǵʦ½նɱͬһλħ컯ʮǰٱ
ңħո֣˵֮ŭ޲û
ʮжսǰߣĸʧȥ˶ӣʧȥɷŮʧȥ˸ס
ʮ۵Ķħķŭзӯ졣
˵
ԣɱħд󹦣
ӦҶɾ˵ĸԭ
ʦ½ȣԼʱҲҲ
ؽ֮󣬻˵㣬ֻ˴Ϊͣ˵֮С
Ȼд룬˵壬˵Ϊ
С΢
δ˵Ϊģ
һ𣬱ӡѪ﹭뻶Ҷ˵ǹ⻪΢
Ҷͷͻ֡ˣճɣ
䣬Ҷһ̤У˵һҶͷ·һڶһ㣬˷ԪҶ漱ӿ
Ҷ컯ڵϢٴοʼ
˷Ԫһ˲ӿҶڣΪ֮һգԶԪͽ油ٴӿҶڡ
һһģûãԪı仯Ͳ˰֮⣬š
Ҷߴ컯ڵϢʼȶ
գ޹С
ӻӡոս֮ʱλ͸ӦˣλķҲڵһʱ޹
Ȼ˵ǰȻжۣΪ֮Ҷʵ϶ٴλõĳĽҪɱҶضḶ޴ޱȵÿԳܵĴۡ
ԣǰѾڴؽΧҶļƻ
λ֪޾ԣ˵ͻǵһɱҶĻأ
һֱűӡ
ʱӡҶڣʱ;˹
ǣһһŴҶڣָӦҶǱԽ֮Ϣͷ׷װ̾
չ飬ûеȵһ߼ҶĻᣡ
ȫ֣ΧҶĿܡ
п˵˵ĳΪۣ˶֮
ۣ޷ܡ
ΧʱȻҲ޷ȫ
ȻͲˡ
Ͽûлᣬ룬ǲͲΧҶĻ᣿
ˣǿɾ͡
͡޹顢λǸȻ
Ȼûлᣬͻǵȷִֺ֮֮ɱӡµ˵
ƣ
ͷ֮ʣ׹һӿһĨڴܿةռݵĹϼ̨𣬺سǰ
ʱĹϼ̨Ѿ֮ǰһˡ
ʱĹϼ̨ϣѾһ޴ĸ±ļ̳
̳Ц̳ˡ
ִ񣡡˵
ԣµȴЦãӦһɱ٣
ͬʱͷǵǣҲӦжˡ
֪ͨǰɡ
ּ޹ɳͬʱµֵǱߣҲӦжˡ


3397 ʱ
죬ϼ̨
̶һռ䣬һƺ󡢸ߴŽסռطԲǧɵľ޴̳εض
̳֮ϣм侫µĸ񣬼̳̤㴦Ϊǳл桢޻Ϲޣ̫׶
̳״Ϊ岥ջ򡢽󡢵飬ѵţ죬˾ʿɱ޻ߴұˮɽĸʿԡѪ԰ǰ˺̣࣡
޴ļ̳ܱߣܵسԿةΪףׯϵĺɫֳ˰壬ţżʱ
죬ĴسɲǸſ̫漧Ŀ࣬ǰ֮⣬ڴйٷְ˾һƷ׵Ա
ƺƵԼǧ䣬ųӡָվ
ǧ䣬Щ֮⣬ܵǧ䵱Уǿ߲࣬඼ұ֮ǿս
ǺƺƵǧ䣬ֳ˰塢ӡۼһڼ̳վ֮ûãȻڹϼ̨ϿһƺƵ֮ɡǣ˷̳Ϸøǿľս
ܹһΪԴͼӳֵ˵⣬ֽ˻
Щ컯ƽشɱһԱûʲô
ǧһ𣬲̳֮ɵĴܹ˻ȴЩ컯ľս
ʱ˭ҪǸð֮踣նɱԱײܹ˻Ǵ
޹Уɡһ˻һλķҲܵײ޷ֱ̳
ʱţҲ̳ĳ֣ڣԽԽǿ߿ʼۼ
ǿ߳ھϼ̨ԶʱҲּ̳Ĵܿة͵ע⡣
ЩǿУŴ컯͵壬дˮ壬ɢĺˮɬζ˵ǵ·
ԵǿߡǿߣЩ˾ۼʮƣ԰Χ۳һţԶԶš
ԴˣܿةһҲ⣬ֻǱǻзһߡ
϶ҲһֶˣǣڱŪıƣҲõļ
޴Ѳ˾ؼͱڵЩ
ĿǰΧʮ˵ǿߣֻһλ컯ͳ죬컯۷壬컯ǿߣûг֣˵ڰֻʱ
ûãϼ̨ĶͻȻֶƵľ񣬴ӽٵ컯Уߴϡ
һƥȫݾħ塣
ħΪеһԱִةȻԤϣͷŭ
΢΢ף޹ķŭ˼飡
ܵһʦ׼սʱ龰ͷŭ羪һֱ޹
޹Уܿة͵ŭ˼顯Ȼ¡λУλȴƤȻûκα仯
ڣһ֮سķͻȻڿȥռһ֮صǿ߶̾ϧ
þ˷ָĹ淽óˣ˵ʲôǵѪǴԸݡϹӵȵȷȫóˣȴһܹշڣ˵ִˡ
ֻĿŷԽ뿪̾
ھ쵱лһ⣬Ͷ컯ͥͥȺϿգɡ
ҫ£컯ͥڵĻݡ¥̨󣬷ٵıʵͷ·ܻһһ
Լһʱ
һʱ֮컯ͥϿոķĺ⽥
컯֮ͥ⣬Ѿ޺õĴܾӪĲt̨ϣͽ컯ͥڷı仯ڼ̵ʱڣ˳ȥ˲Ϣִڹϼֵ̨̳Ŀة
͵õϢֻǿһۣ΢΢˵ͷʱˡ
ÿλת컯ͥһʱ֮󣬾ͻٴ뿪컯ͥһվȻǹϼۣ
񣬹ϼ̨̳Ȼá
ܿةָӹῪʼʼԼĳװ
ͬʱة͵ĶǧԱҲޱȿʼӹῪʼµԼװ
ô뻮һʱһ޷ݵİγɣֱϼ̨ԲǧΧ۵塢ˮ塢塢̫廹ħ壬岻ԾȻ֡
з֮֮Ǵ壡
װܿة;Ŵǧֳ˰Ŵصķ빪
ʱȹһʿ̳죡
ǧɽ纣Х쳹ģ


3398 
ŵۺػʹضţڿնôǧ׻ڿиɫǧˣͷԳĵ壬ųž
ٶȻ죬ǿǧ׻ΪҪɵ죬Ҫһʱġ
ûκż
ֻ鱦ԪԵзɳס쳵ӣ⻪΢΢һ
쳵˲Ϣʹʧ˾ϼ̨
ȹӭʣ
ȹӭʺ
ɽХУۺЯִӵƮ£ʺ½ֳϣǺǵ˿̫漧벽
ҪȻ¶ɺòȥ
£ʱ񷨼죡ܿة˵
ةˡ̫漧˵ͷǾة֡
ּ
ةͳһŵһ̤䵽˹ϼ̨̨̳֮ϣųʼһεķ䡣
׼ֻ˵ƣǵĹ⻪컯ͥзɳϼ̨ɲǣة͸ߺ
׼ɼ֮
׼õ򡢽󡢵顢ţ򡢼Ѽնɱ޻ͷ­˼̳
Щûʲô֮ɴֲջ֮ʵ
ſ̫漧;׼ļ𣬴ܵǬȸԪĹ⻪ͬʱź⡣
˲Ϣ֮ǰۼڹϼ̨̳ϿյĴܹ˻
̳ɡǵĴܹ˻ڼУʼ۳һԿ̫漧ΪĵĻɡǣУɡ
Ҳڴʱ컯ͥзɳķͻ
ͬһģٵϼ̨Ͽʱһ㶼
һΣոշٹϼ̨ϿգɡǵĴܹ˻ųĹ⻪͵ؾ˷
⻪˿
ǰһκǿнӴ񣬷ͻԸֲ˼ʽǼѽӴ
һΣԴܹ˻ľȻ㲻佫Լϡ
̫漧ģԼܹ˻ͼ̳ʱ
ȴʼˡ
к΢
δܹ˻˿
Դˣ̫漧ҲһҲ·ԴԤһ㡣
عһ񣬿̫漧ͻȻסǬ΢΢һ߳
ڣ˵֮ڴˣ̳
ͬʱǬ£ܹ˻Է֮
ȸʾҲڴ˿ųɫɺ⣬Ͷ˴ܹ˻С
Ҳͬһɲǣʺ½СֳԼķҲŴܹ˻΢΢һǡ
ͬһɲǣڿة͵Ĵ£ǧͬʱԼӡŴܹ˻΢΢һǡ
Ҳһɲǣؼ䶸ƾɫĶܵ˵⡣
Ǵ̳Ĵܹ֮
ʱ׷ע˼̳ϿյĴܹ˻
˲Ϣ䣬ɡǵĴܹ˻ͱǿʮֹȻʼǿŷһһ·̳ķ
һɲǣǿ̫漧ǿʺ½СֻԴةΪ׵ǧ䣬ֳָԵ־ӡһļӳ״̬Ϊһ壬ʼ
ʱֽ޷ֵġ
ǿ̫漧½Сֻ͡
ǣĴܹ˻廤֣ʱ˿̣˭Ҳ͵Ϯǡ
˭͵ϮǣǴ
ǣܵľǿȫڴ䳯ٵС
һ֣ܳǶڵ˶ԣʱ
޹µ泤üһصʱɱ𣡡
ͬһɲǣõ˵淨ּ͸˷˶ֵѶš
һ϶´ݿԭΧڹϼ̨ܱߵ塢塢塢ʥӥ塢ħľ񣬷׷׸ѡһű̳Ĵܼ˾
˲Ϣ亰ɱ죡
ܵǧдܹ˻ʱ˿͵ϮǵģǴ
ǣǴҲÿ˭ԡ
Ե桢컯컯Ǵ޷ܵ˺
컯֮µǿ߶ԣһ컯Ǵʲô
һѣ
˵УڻҶȥ
ԣսһʼ˰ȻС
ڸ嶥ǿߵĴߴ£ħֽס̳Ĵܼ
׼
Կ󽫾ƽΧָӴӭУļ˾ǰ׼˾ָء
Ƕ˾ǻƽǵΪ컯۷塣
һսոտʼ˫ǳĬĽο컯֮¡
һûж컯࿼ˣƽϸˡ
УûԸ°컯
컯֮µսȴǷǳ
ħ塢ˮ壬Ǳ컯ߴ£׺쳣
սûãгɰǧսǿߵ鱻Զ컯ͥɡ
սڳš
̳ܱߣѾһѪĥ
Ψĵķ̳ڣֳܾӡᶨĽһһε˷̳
Ҳͬһʱ̣֮ҶԺУͻ˿̫漧
ʱֳһ̫漧ҶĳƺҲȻˡ
Ӧ·ģҶĿ⿴˾ķ


3399 ִ
ǰҶ֤ͻ֮ʱ̫ܿ漧붯ͬʱ֣ΪҶֵѹҶ֤
ʱ̫漧ҪȡִҶҶ濰岻ݴǡ
ڹ˽ֻҶĿǰҶ涼
ڼܷλע£·ͥǾ͵ÿı¡
Ҷ濴ǳѡ
Ҫ޴Ĵۡ
컯ִͥλıʮĴƣ׾ÿ̫漧ժ˹ӣ
ֻǴʱң˫ĵƺֶζǳۺ񣬾Ҷ۹⣬ʱҲ޷жϳ
ҶΨһģȫ
ȫһģǣҶȴԼľ籾
ʱ´ƣҶȻλ֮ĵλӵеʵǿߡ
ǵǰ֮Ϊӵִʸ֮һȻֵ¿֮Ӳ̫࣬ΪִߣҶÿһӣӰ´ƣ
շ֮սλΪִߣԼľ籾̫ܿ漧Լľ籾
ÿˣ̬ķչǵĹ滮ľ籾չ
ҶΪִߣؼĴܣȻǵľ籾ǵӣԼľ籾ԼӰ´ƣ
ҶԼľ籾ִӣں̶ܴϡ̫ܿ漧̬ķչżľ籾չ
ɴ˶
ҶĿңңĴӾ췽ɨؿħʥǵķ
Щ飬չҪġ
ҶԭǴȵؽѸ֮ʱȥǼ¡
ôڣҪǰˡ
˭ħڴ֮󣬻볡֮أ
ֻ˵˭ħأ
һ̤ҶʹԭʧȻ׵ĳħʥǵϿա
Ҷʱ˿̵ͻأ֣ûκ׺Ͷ
ħʥϿնһһûκ˵ע⡣
ħʥǵħʼħ֪ԣûκθӦ
˭Ҳ֪Ҷλ½ǿߣѾʥϿա
ԪŨ
ĿңңɨʥǷԲҶ΢΢һ
ɲǼ䣬ʥǷԲµԪͻȻһʥϿվۼٴһӿҶڡ
ʥǷԲڵԪ˲ϢΪ֮һգһɲǼ䣬ħʥǷԲڵԪΪߣ
Ҷ컯۷Ϊͬ˳һħʥǷԲڵԪĲ£ͷ·ˮһ˳ƾ컯ﵽ컯ڡ
Ҷϲûжϲ
ѳɣǳɾ͵ıʦ½롢λһߴĿǰ֪ԣΪҶԣѾûơ
ΨһƵģ
ΪҶ̶ȣڿɵǺӣۺ
ҪһԷʱˮĥ
ǰҶϿս֮һϯԲԪΪ˳ƴﵽ컯۷塣
Ȼ˵ԲԪΪ֮ݽߣؼĵԪĲָһٶȵġ
ҶľٶٻԲڰ֮ڣԪڱȽϡ״̬Ҫ׻ָ֮ǰŨȣҪһµʱ䡣
ǻҶֵ
ֽӶһԪֶΣΪϲ
ħʥǵĵؽ磬Ҷûκι˼ˡ
ӶһʥǷԲԪΪ֮һգԪҪָ֮ǰŨȣûĸµĹǲܵġ
ĸµʱ䣬ħʥǷԲ֮ڣǴħٶȣƻָʱ䣬ǵսֻǵܣȼ١
ħʥǷԲ֮ڵĸֲľܵӰ졣
ڳĻľܵӰޡ
ħֲЩֻµʱʳȴ˴ȼǾա
ֵܴսħԣһ޴Ĵ
ǵ֮
ǳ׷ſӶһԪܸħؽӰԶ֣
ôĶħʥǿߣ˲Ϣ֡
ڵһʱ䣬ħʥǿߣ˷
һɲǼ䣬ϰٵ⻪ʥǸ
ͷħ컯ˣħʥǵ컯컯ˣ֮Էĳʡ
ħڵǿʼħ֪ԲûڵһʱΪ
УǾͳħǿҲֵ̫Ǯˡ
ʥɽħɽۣǰڴ֪ϣľңǴ֪ھ
ǽգڴ֪ǰǣҶϢſһɲǣȴܿƵţô֪ԵޱȵĿɬ
֪һּĿḧǣûûѹֻи顣
ʮĸ顣
֮֮ǰԹᣬʮ֪һ㼫ʮ飬Եݷǳ
ɷʮԵϣȫΪδݲһ
ֻпһۣ֪Ծ֪ҶˣȻ֪ҶΪʲô
Ϊ֪һ̣ԾѾ֪ͨǵ
֪һҶֵһɲǣͷһֲõԤС
ҲΪˣ֪ԲŶԸܵҶǶ֮顣
ǳôһ£ƺǿһϢţӰӰʼת
״֪ԴϲæͶ˽ȥ


3400 ʼ
ʥϿգλħ컯ϰλ컯˷ΧҶ档
ǣЩΧߣһţλ컯Ӱ֣ȻʵȻ߶˼¡
ǱΧҶ棬ʥϿУŲͥһ㣬ֱһϰ컯֮С
׼ȷ˵ҶĽϰ컯˿
ĿһҶ濴ʥɽħ񹬵ķ߳ף쳹ʥǣԣĪҪͷڹ겻ɣ
ҲħĴ֪ΣҶ浱ô컯ֱ֪ţȴðΧ컯ǳķŭ
ΧҶħ컯ơ
׼ȷ˵ǿ־壬йҶЩʵԵĿ־壬ǲκΡ
еġ
ֻ˵ĸȺУһЩ֮ʿ
ħ֮УҲˡ
һλħ컯񽫣ָܹ֪㣬Դ֪𾴸Ըӡ
ʱҶֱʱͳҶŭ߳󵨣ֱ֪䣡
Ҷ濴ʥɽħ񹬵Ŀ⣬΢΢һתƳ컯񽫣Ŀ⸡֡
ϧ
ǴôһλҶ滹Ҫһˡ
ǣħ壡
࣡
Ŀһ
룡
һڻɫĻϢĴ£˷컯ͷ
ħ컯ӦûзӦڻ֮»һŷɻҡ
ʱ鱦׹޵ӰҶͷ֣һ׹ըȴƺӳ׹⣬׹ȴɽһ㣬ޱȣ
ħϰٵ˲ϢͱҶˣ
ȱ컯Ҳɣ
ħļſڡǵħĴӪȻĿŵɱһλħ컯񽫣ֱ
浱ħûأ
ħ廹д֪˵ʼħ
ʼħӲƴս
Ҷ˾٣˵ħĿ֮£ħħ
ħЩħƤٺҲװȥˡ
ħĹħ鶸һۺ
ǵĵ̣ʼħ˾ϣһٶһӿϣʼħ˴սɱ
֮ǹħ۸ߺҪǹħ޽һɱͨ
ֻҪһͷڣܹ˲Ϣԭǹħ޵ĵ
ħһڣΧҶϰ컯׷⶯
ħĺ£ҲǾġ
꽵ٺĴ½ʱħ廹ǴܣһɽһѪ
ʱҶڸͷϣŹħһ
Ҳڹħ޴ŵɲǣλ컯Žλħ컯ͬʱ֣ͼΧҶ档
ͬһɲǣʥڣһǿ޵Ϣ΢΢һ綾һ㶢Ҷ档
ȴħʼħ
ħʼħǱزѣǲԸڵҶ潻֣Ҳûԭ
ǣܹսǲû͵ϮҶġ
ϰ컯ɫĹǵأҶȴ˿塣
ӡɳ΢΢һϰ컯ĸɫΡ
ҲͬʱѪ﹭ͬʱҶ֡
Ѫϼ羪һڵʯԭһ˷
ʱʱΧҶϰħ컯λ컯ܹ֮֮⣬컯ħͷ­Գ
Ϊ׵λ컯ǣҶһֻнȴȴĪ˵ΰ
ϰħ컯ף£Դ̸䣬ֻʵѡ
˵ǣҶѪɺ˵ΰȻֱϰħ컯ħԴ
֮Ҳ˵Ҷһ֮£ħϰ컯ħ䣡
λħ컯ͫһ׷׼ˡ
ǰҶ棬Ȼ־˹
ֱȴлҪֲ
Ƕһ㶢ҶʼħϢ˲ϢԶȥɢ
ôף
ҶЦ֣﹭΢ţһĹ
ÿһУһλħ弱˵컯ķѣ䡣
Уλħ컯㶼ķѣⲢǳ䣬λ컯ֻ٣Դ
ǹħ޸ڵһ˲¾޵ҧг֮䣬Զݡ
¾鱦׹µ׹⣬˲ϢеĹͷӶ˻һңеϢӡ
Ҳͬһɲǣ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢ԪͬʱҶԺɳ˲Ϣɢա
ħʥڣʩչͨط뿪Ĵ½ݱҶâʼħȴһͷײһһ˷ռ˲ϢΣ
ҲһɲǣҶ͵һ̤﹭֣˲ع¡

УѪһ⣬﹭֮ϡ
춯Ѫĳɫգħʼħ֮صɲǣҶ˫Ŀ˸Բ߲ʸ֡
ʱһɲǱҶȫ߶
ʱһɲ̣ΨѪĺգ
ոձ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ˿ռʱסħʼħĿ͵һ䣬֮ɫ֣ͱ﹭ѪԶ
ÿ죡
ħʼħеʶɢǰΨһͷ
Ҷȫ֣﹭Ѫһɱħʼħ
˲Ϣ䣬Ѫ٣ȴдҶڣ
ͣ
ҲһɲǣոմȫݻУһ˿δĴ֪ԣո˳ʧǡ
ʥеΣǸӦʼħϢɢľԣɫұ䣬Ѫ磡


3401 ֪֮
һתۼ䣬λ컯ϰλ컯ħ񵱳䡣
ħʼħҲһתۼ䡣
ǽٺʱʱԺǿߣҲû
֪£ͷһĻһֶĵʹ࣬ô֪ԲĲ
Ҫ֪ˣοȥؼʱ̿
һ˲ʧΨһʼħ䱾Ϊ컯еλϰħ£ħ壬δ
δûˣԤνʲôأ
ʱ˿̣֪Ȼħδֻһ
ͷɻں֣ǲִԤãҲܸδһӡ
ڣ֪ʦϣǰˣδܻѡ
ϧһжˡ
֪˫ָ߾ǣʥɽħڳ
ʱ˿̣֪Ҳҵһ˿һĹ
ͬʱ֪ԴſǻȻ
ҶԪ˧Ҷ棬ֹڴˣֹڴˣҶ淽չ¶ʵ֮£֪Ѿ׷˷ͷ
ȻףʱͬˣԵǿҲͬˡ
Ҷ棬ǵԵĵǿֶθϬ
˫ǳĴ֪ԣҶЦһֻһ֣ǾڿնҶС
һɨҶʱȻġ
ħΪǣȻŵ֮Ƭ
ָĴϷϵħϢɢȥ˴롣
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ塣
Ǳħʮ꣬ħ֪ϢȻ裬ɲȥġ
ԸָԭҶʵ
μԸ⡣ֻֻұһ벻ʱ޷ָԭ
ıһأҶʵ
Ӧһµһ룬˿̵ʥ쵱С
ʥ쵱УҶɫһԤ¡
ʦ½ʦ½䣬˱䲻
˱飬ĴսУõƬҲ֮С
ħΪʲôܹõƬأ
⵱У±
ҶͻȻ;ģʦ½뵱¿ɲǼ򵥵λ֮С
Ϊ֮
±иӵԭ
ʦ䣬ߣλ֮⣬ħô£ҶŴʵ
żʹֻ֪࣬ħ룬ֻǲսľͲ̫ˡ
ңұ飬̫Ѿǲˡ
ԣҶĿɨһ۴֪ԣһ鱦еľ巢ʲôħڲ϶м¼
ħĴ֪ϣ϶֪ʲô
׹⳹ɨħϢȻԸΣֻеʹŵ㡣Ҷ˵
лħʮֻ꣬ջع鱾Դ˵
Ҷͷָ׹ͳ˴ڲʼһɨγħһɫԸ룬Ρ
ʱҶĿ¿йһ˺Ĵ֪ԡ
ҶĿ⿴ˮĴ֪ԷȻƬ̣Ҷֹڴˡ
ߣҶԪ˧Ѿλ棬޼ɵ²֣ѵǴ𣿡
̶Ƭ̣֪Ȼ˶ԲߣȻʵ޷ƥҶ棬ֻܴ취ˡ
壬
²
ĸ֣ҶȻЦħҲĸ֣
֪ԷȻ˭˵䣿ȻϿɡ컯䣬̱Ѫ֤
ָѪ֪֮꣬䣡
콵Ѫꣿ
ôɱħ֮Ǻ򣿡
һ֪ĬȻҲħĿǰεĵط
Ȼģûг롣
ҪȻȻ֤Ҷ棬Ͳ޼ɵˡ
Լţȴʵڡ
ǣҶվȻ֤ôֱ¾
¾
ҶͻȻ֣Ǳ𣬱Ѫ𣡡
ΪȥʮڶԿʱʿѪΪΪֶĺ屨Ѫ
ν¾
Ҷһ˵֪ǲȻޱȡ
¾Ѫȫʡ
¾һɱ֮󣬾յ㡣
ǱѪĿǰ״Žǿʼ
οΪſ컯滹ԶأҶڲһ䡣
ҡ
֪ϣſڽ࣬Ȼ޻˵
£Ҷ˵Ȼе
£֪ǲȻ
һԷĵ棬˵
νӿ֮Է
Ҷ淽仰ȴ־ֿܡ
һͨùĵ澳ǿߣɱħ飬пܵģ
ˣ֪Ȼףǰ·ֻһ
ǰǹؼʱǿõҲȫõģָһ·
·ħһԣȴޱȵļ
գеζһ̾
ħ֪ԣʥ־ֵħĿע£΢΢һ¹ڣҶҶ棬ѣֻһ·һ
Լݵɲǣ֪Ծʥǵħ壬ͬʱ´ŵҶ


3402 
ħʹУͬһʱӵ֪Եħʶ̫׷գħ̫Ӵƣĵǿܵġ
֪ϣҪħʹейٹٽ˧ʿ½Ҷ
Դħʰڴ¤ɽսħ嵱Уͽħʶ̫׷ħ̫ӴƶħʹУΪһħʵļ̳ˡ
ڰȫǣʱûд˵ѡµħʣҲΪǰħԵΣ£ħħʱʼħƣħڵľʿ
ħʰ껵ս䣬ħľʿ̫ˡ
ڶûлָ
ʼħϲӵ񣬾ͽеĹһħʶ̫׷ħ̫Ӵƣö˸ִһִ
ҲǶԶ˵Ŀ顣
˭ĺã˭վͿܳΪһεħʡ
Ҫǣմ¤ɽ֮֮ʱħ̫ӴȻڴܻȾڣħ̫ӴƵݣȴħʹߡ
նʹѾꡣ
սʲô̶ȣҪԻǽġ
ԣսȻʤǽħ̫ӴƷ˻ȥ
£ħĿǰٹٽʿ䣬ʵλ̫ƿء
ԣֱ֪ħʶ̫׷ħ̫Ӵȴöλ̫ӷĿܡ
ʵҪκһλ棬һɱħʼħ֮ħʶ̫׷ջ̫ӴƣʹʹĴŹٹٳ
ηǿħıԡ
ǣ½ĵҶ棬ȴħʶ̫׷̫Ӵ鸴ޱȡ
꣬Ҷֻʴħ֮ӳһ㡣
꣬Ҷħڣħ̫ӴֵþֶһôӵС
ˮֿ纣ϮܱսУҶҲֻǸսͳ˧ѡ
ֻһսҶ潥ڴܳսһ
Ҷ΢ĩʱҶνֵħʶ̫׷ħ̫ӴƣҶΪ˴ܵս񣬴ĵɲԸҶ档
ǽ죬ҶŴս޲ʤս񣬵ɱһĵ澳ǿߣħʶ̫׷ħ̫ӴƣɲԸҶ档
Ըһ
˺ǸСȻɳΪӶɡֻܹĿֲڡ
֪нΣħʶ̫׷ħ̫Ӵƣ»᲻ϧһдۣ¶÷ɵҲҪҶ档
ڣȴһжˣ
ȻĵԸȴûκѡ
λ£ûѵԸʹ𣿡
ЩЩҶ棬Ϊһ
죡
λ£ѵҪϷ
ѵҪϷҲٹǳ
߳󣬴֪ԵѾǱ
εǿ࣬Ӳӻ彵ٺģޱȸ˶ĵ̣Ĵֻܽħء
أ
ǵģֻйһ;
֪Խ˵ϣħʶ̫׷ħ̫ӴȻΪ˼ǵν
Ϊһ䣬ʱ̣ģֻгеѣ
ħʶ̫׷ħ̫Ӵ֪нһ죬ôǶǷҪգ»¿ǡ
ħʶ̫׷ħ̫ӴħĹٹ١ħʹĽʿȫ̤ħʹ⣬ȻеҶʱħʶ̫׷ħ̫ӴѾֵܡħ̫£
ʱ˿̣ޱĽѾ̫¡
޷ݵĸУħʶ̫׷ħ̫ӴƣͬʱҶظߺҶѣһ
һʱ䣬ħʥڣ񾡽ԹҶ
֪Ըͷأ
ֻǣ֪Դʱ˿̿ҶǱĿ⡣
ҪȻ϶ǰľٶ
ħǹҶľ˵Ҷ֮ǰľûаֶҡ
˵Ҷʯĳ
࣬˵ľħ壡
Ҷ˿̴Ǻ壬վǴ壡
ħ壬޶ߣ
һɲǣҶ֪Ծ
ִƺ˵컯֮µ˵ܻ֣ͿǵԵˡ
Խ𣬶컯У𣡡
һ֪ʱҡ
ħʶ̫׷ħ̫ӴƳħʥڽħ컯һԣ־֮࣬׷״߶ͨߡ
ֻǻҶ﹭ֻǹ죬ħλ͵ķѡ
׹⽵£˲Ϣ䣡
֮ħʶ̫׷ħ̫Ӵ˲Ϣɸ
һԶ
⡭
Ҷôǿ˹
˲Ϣ䣬ħʥ⣬ֻ֪һλ컯
Խ𣬶컯У컯컯൱𡣡
һ֪ԻʱҶͷ絷⣬Ҷ汯ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
֮ʮľţһ
ԾΪ֮ӯת
ʶ嵱У컯һˣ컯˾ˣܷͿ컯ˣ
˵䣬ҶͷѪ﹭鱦׹ͬʱ䡣
һ˲䣬ħʥʮλ컯Уʮһ˵ףķѣ׹֮»ɷɻҡ
ֻһ컯񽫳ڵħ񹬵Ӵ
ʱдϰλħ컯ˣҶԳ֮£Ҳһ˲˾ųϡ
ħʶ̫׷աħ̫Ӵڣһֻоλ컯˻š
ҶйһԵţħ¡ŭ⡢ħҲеС
˵Ҷһɱħ徫Ӣ֮ʣһǵⷬҲԲˡ
˾֪
ľӢڴˣ
ħʥ⣬ħ岻컯ǿߡ
ҲǴ֪Ψһһϣ
ֻǣ֪Ըո룬Ҷжһٴ˵
ʮ֮ڣʮ뿪ʥǣ
ӽ𣬱·ּµӽɨ徳ڣʥ컯һɱ
Ҷ仰ȻħʥϿ˵ģҶĴ֮ͨ£ȴǧ֮쳹
˲Ϣ䣬ڵ컯ǿߣλʦ𣬾
ҵȽƽ̷ּɨħա˵ħʥϿ쳹
ˣ֪Եһҳûˡ
˾Ǿ
һλ컯񽫣λ컯ˣܳ˵磬ܴȥ
ԡ
Ҷͻ
˶֪컯֮൱ȥԸʱ䣬㰲ŶȺ£
һ֪Ծͷָһϣ
ʱ䰲š
ٲħ峹壡
ܹħ并Ӳдȥ
л棡лȱ֪ϣߵ׵
ҪлΪмҪʵش𣡡Ҷͻ˵


3403 ڵʷ
׳ۣ֮Ը˽Ƕ̸ĻҶħ֪Ի൱͵ġ
ǰ֣Ե
ֻ֮ɻʱʱ̶̿ڳײĴ֪ԣĳ̶ֳѾ˳費
֮ǰʥϿգΪ˸ħһ֪ԲϧҶƱ΢˼¡
ʱ˿ΪҶ⣬ħ֪ϣͽҶ뵽ħɽ۶ڴ֪Ǽ侲ҡ
Ҷڡ裬֪ϣûһ̻Ϣ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣħ֪һڶԴܵĴͳĻϰϣȴܵĹɾˡ
Ҷ洹ѯĳ֪޲ԣ޲֪ϣ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ
¹ʦ½뵱ҶҲ֮ͥѯʣŽħڡ
һǰҶҪֻħ񹬣Ǿ͸һ
ڣҶ治ħڣħڴ֪λãħĵ֪һԴ
֮컯ν档
ƽ½룬Ӧ֪ɣҶʵ֪ħƵ컯컯ԶӦ֪¡
֪
Ե˵ͷǵפ廹δģںĻ֮⣬һ֮նɱλʼħʮλǧ컯ɱ
λ½Ҳڴˡ
Ҷ˵ͷЩ֪ģʦǵһվѻħĵ档
䣬֪Ҷʵ
˵Ϊ֮λ֮֡
⵱УħûвУ
Ϊʲôʦ½ƬΪħ֪һĴҶ浥ֱ룬ٶȦӡ
ͬʱӡ΢ֻҪ֪˵ѣҶڵһʱӦ
֪üͷһ壬Ҷ絶Ŀ»ҵΪ͵λĵֻͣһλ֪ѣֲε飬Ҳ֪
ԣҶţӡֱ͸֪ڡ
һϢ֮Ҷɫ˱䣬֪û˵ѡ
ѵ˵ѯʵҪˣ
֮ڣп֪Ĺ壬жٴҶʵ
ԭʼħǾ֪µǰĻģȴѾˡ֪˵
ҶȻ
㲻ǰʯͷԼĽţ
п֪ܵˣȴԼնˣ
𣿡
ʸ֪µģˣǱ֮ǰս½նɱˡ
ҪȻҲֵħ嵱֪Ǹһ˿Ȼ
Ҷǳ˳顣
Ūġ
֪ʼħһл꣬ѶҲǲġ
˵ˣʼħħʼ뢣ҶҪʵʵĶѡ
ңֲεǿߣҶʩչʱеʱ׷ݣҲǲɵġ
ɴ˿ɼνĵ棬ֻǸǿ߶ѡ
Ҳܵģ
ѵûҶʵ
ҶЩͷʹ
޷ħõ鱨ʦ֮գͼѽ⿪ˡ
ָ϶õ࣬ǲܵġ
֪˼һ£صֲεĴ£ûʸ벢֪õġ
ǣ½Ǹʱϣ෢˴䣡
䣬ô˵Ҷʵ
½Ϣ֮Ψһһλĵ澳ǿߣˡ
ҲǸʱӵΨһһ鱦Ҳǡ
˵ֲ֪꣬ضں־ߡ
ԣܹɱ֮ѪĴܴǣµõĵرҲƳϿɵ鱦
Եʱӵеһ鱦ʱ£Ǽһ裬Ҳǵ÷
ҶͻȻȵȣ˵һλ澳ǿߣ
ΪʲôڴܵʷУûпļ¼ؼҲûйƵĴ˵
ԣ֪һأԽһ֪
һ֪Ϊźϣǵ硢ຣ䣬ΪģᶨĻ
ֻ廹δ׽ģ䣬ȴΪֱͨĴ½֪ͨܵ
ڶ֪ΪŻǵһ֪źϵĵӣһΪߴ컯۷壬սһĵ澳
ϧǣػһ֪źֱͨĵͨʱ򣬱׼ն
֪ϣʱ̣ýϧ׼ͬھ
Ȼղûͬھش˴壬סͨ
ڣ˶ԻΪڼλסͨȴṳ̂ĵĴ֪Ż
Ż
壿
Ҷ߶֡
ħսʷҶеĻҪԶ
֪ϣԣħ廹δ̤ġֺ֮ǰĵĸ½롢壬ħ緢սʷΪ֪
Ż֮󣬵֪Ϊˮǵһ֪źϵĵӣǰ˵ĹâմǾ̤ġ
˵֪ȻϧϧԴ֮ļδ׼뺷ޱȡ
޷赲ֽŲ֮󣬴һʥ֮ȻȼѪһ鱦ķڴ֪ˮپӢͬھ
ԵУǳأִż־ء


3404 ͻּ
Ĵ֪࣬˵֪Ŀسɹפ֮Ŀߡ
ʦǿĴ֪ģƶȣǶǵĴ֪һһƽġ֪ԼõͳҶš
Ĵ֪࣬ΨһһλĴ֪Ӿϣ֪ҵʦ𡣡
˵֪һĲȻң֪Ͳ㵽ˡ
ԣҶ泤һŴ֪΢΢֣л
֪æܹҡ
ҶҲǿ󣬾ͳԽԣһ
һ֪ź䣬ʦ½Ҳλ֣֮廹˶õеһ鱦ҲʦƬ
ɴ˶ϵһ֪źϾʦ½֮йϵ֪һ֪źĸϢҶʵ
֪ҡҡͷ治֪һ֪ź֮֮УǾܵġ
¼زһ㣬ֻħʺʹ֪ʸزһ㡭
˵֪ԺסϢ֮󣬾ͳҶЦ
Ҷ棬˵ʵԴӴ¤ɽһսҰܣΣλ֪֮󣬿ǽͷöÿһ춼æĽŲմء
֪֮Ҫһʱزһ㣬ûʱȥ
ҶĿͻһ˵زصУܼ¼йһδ֪źࣿ
Ϊ֪йصһս
ȷʵˡ֪Ե˵ͷ
ٴǰȥҶ˵
ҶҪô֪ԳĬһ£գ֪Բûоܾûг
ħزأȷʵԽ룬֪ϣҶλ澳ǿߵЭ֮£벢¡
Ҷǰ֪Թһ񣬵ȴ·
ħ֪ԴҶħز֮ʣھϼ̨ĴսҲʡ
ϼ̨ϣ̫ܿ漧ʺ½СǧᶨĽŵķ̳
ֻҪ˷̳˻ټ֮£ؿִƷ
ֻǷȻڲϵı̳Ҫ룬Ҫһʱ䡣
̳ĴսѾеͿ
ܵļ˾פĴȻ񣬿ѵء
ĿϣǸʵϣ˵ľҪһء
սûãһ·硣
Ҳǿǰõս󣬲ĵס˵Ľ
ħ徫񣬴ʱ˻ǰ׷ɱ˻֮ǰΪĿ꣬һޱȣ飬սҲϧڴܾͬھ
һʱ䣬ļ˾ء
ַ̳Ĵܿة̫ܿ漧Ҳֵ֮ɫ
ٶȳȥ²ǽ̳ļ˾Ҫˡ
ʱһС䣬ͻشǧ䣡
ļ䣬Ȼ䣬һѼ⵶ܼ˾Ӫеħ徫񣬺ȻҲû
ħ컯ħһĴ͡
һзһĳմУܼ˾ûնɱ
ȴսħյ˴֪Եľּ
ȫˣ
ϧһдȫ泷ˣ
ͬʱս컯ħ񣬲ϧһд۱սĵħ尲ȫˡ
սһ컯ħҲҪౣһħų˻ת
սħʮֲ⡣
ⲻǵߵ
ô
컯ħݵλɱħĵͽǿͱˡ
ôڷ컯ħȥħͽǿߵ
ⲻ԰
ܶ컯ħ񲻽⣬ǻɴ֪Էˣ
ǣּ֪׷ĺϣִħʹħʶ̫׷ħ̫ӴƵӡš
ȷ
֪ּ֮£ִֻУ
Ĵ֪ϣħڽλãħ֪µţȴޱױȵġ
ħڲ֪Զȷģ
ߵ䣬һħ컯ħϧħĵǿ߳ˡ
һʱ䣬ħս컯ħ񲻶ϵš
һһħ컯ħڻսĴħ԰ȫˡ
Ҳħ֪Ҷķּ֮£ΨһĿΪħ屣Ԫķ
Ȼ컯ô籣ĵΪӡ
ħȫ泷ˣ˲Ϣʧȥ˽֮һ
֮ǰ˲Ϣơ
ܵļ˾ڶ̶̰ӵʱ䣬ʹƿʼ˷
ܿģǴ̫ܿ漧ǿةͶյϢ֪ҶħʥǳɱħʼħЧ
ѹɵô
Ҷ˴ڷ̳շִڣ
̳ĴʤԭŵĵĴǧһĴǣڷ֮ϵҲ˶õ˼ǿ
񱻴ܹ˻ǣ̳ٶȶؼӿ졣
̳ѾԶˡ
ĿǰٶȣֻҪӣͿԽ̳ʱ˻ʼ죬Ϳִִ
ɹǰ
̫漧ʱҲЩڴ
Ҳڴʱ޹УƮƮһּ˲Ϣھϼ̨Ͽչ


3405 
淨ּ縡֣֡ʱսеĿ⡣
ֻһ˲ݵ淨ּչһƬĴ֡
ֵָɲǣкھ쳹
˻˵̰ģħҷʱ
̶һ仰òսܼ˾ʿ˵ľԼ䣬Ī
νħûţֻһ˵ǡ
ܵǣĵǡҷĸ֡
˭ҷ
λ棿
ˣ
һ֣صĺ
Ǻһĳ֣пܴͽ
ݴܾ룬Ҳڷֵּɲǣ̳Χս䶸
컯񽫣мʮ컯ˣǧ˾ڷֵּɲǣͷ·õźһͻȻתɱͬţ
ֱʣ̫ͻأˡ
˭ҲûԼսͬŻͻȻԼ
ʱֵս֮ʱ˵עȫڵϣѹûԼˡ
ʱǧͻȻ䷴ˮ͸ļ˾˾޴ͻҡ
һ˲Ϣ䣬нʮ컯񽫡ʮ컯ˡǧ˾նɱ
⼫ͻأıѣɼֱӵʧ֮⣬ܼ˾Ӫڲ˾޴Ļҡ
ԭ˵Ľʱܼ˾ǽоݣһң˲Ϣȫˡ
Χ˲Ϣ͹˴󣬸ܼ˾˾޴˺
Ҳͬһɲǡ
ͷˮĴʥҲ۸ߺ˻ħ˳ӦҷڴʱȻԥʲô
۸ߺͷˮĴʥǱˣĴʥǰδ׼˾
һˮĴܼ˾ǣ˿Դ׼˾Ϊģֵſܵķˡ
ִսĻƽŷˮĶ˾ŭĿѣ
̳ڵĴܾҲޱȡ
ˮҲֻһһСѡ
Ƕ˾һ
˾ڵ̫ߣӰ̫ˣ
ͨ컯˾ʥ͵ļ˾У˾Ӱ̫ˡ
ܼĴʥӰɲǸǵġ
ǴܿʥҲȲ
ȻĿʥִ񽫾ʥʥ֪ģ֪ĵ
ǣڶͨ컯˾ԣʥֻһֻڹеĴ˵ѡ
˾ĿŵĴ棡
ҲǴǰȻ˾Ҷгͻ̫漧Ҫö˾ͳ˧԰Ƶļ˾Ҳǳԭ෴ģҵλڣҪԭ
ʵӰǶ˾Ī
ǰ׼ȻҲѡʵ컯˾̫Զˡ
һʣ˲ϢͽսƶΣյľء
е콵ҷķּĿǰӰĶ˾Ӧ淨ּҷ
˲Ϣ䣬ڲսʮܼ˾ڲͳˡ
ǴʥΪ˻ħӦ淨ּҪҷǣӦôأ
ǸŴʥ˾ҷսףΪ˻ʾأ
ܲսļ˾Ƕ
ܶ˽ԥһɲǣ˾ϡ
Щֻ붫һйϸ˾һʱѡ˸涫˾
Ҫ֪Ǵڵһɵļ˾ڻ
һ˲䣬иߴ˾վ˶˾ķ򣬽еĵԼͬš
ΪһӦϵдļ˾ѡŶ˾ˮ
ԭЩԥ˾ʱҲûжѡء
ʱ˿̣һѡʹһѡܾ
䣬ܹߣϾˡ
ˣѡ
˾ӪУҲֻвսԭ׼࣬һƱˣѱͬǰָŶ˾ƿڴ
Ȼ
û뵽ͽȻصôֱڲ¶Ŀ
ʥĪһֱɶ˾⣬ʱ⽻Ҷ¡
ҶĪż򽻸˴׼࣬ʱĴ׼Ҳϧȴûвʲôֻ֮ܲ
ֵһ˵ǣ˾ص̫ˡ
Ҫ֪̫漧ع֮Ѳ˾Ĵʼδ˾Ѳؼںʹµ飬ҳ˴ļ˾س
ΪЩڴڲĶӡ
û뵽ûȫ
Ŷ˾
ֻǴʱ˿̣˵ʲôˡ
ڰŭ߳˾ӦдʣѷǱ£˳ӦΣҷкβɣ
ԽԽĲս˾ǣʼԥ׻ҪҪȥأ
ҪҪ洫ʥ˾أ
Ҳڴʱ컯ͥǰĴܴӪУͻȻЦ
λ棬֪λ϶ʲôֶεޣԲ˳ִ
û뵽λȴ޵Ĵڣһף̫漧ɲǣӰҲ컯ͥڳ˲Ϣִ˹ϼ̨Ͽա
һʱ䣬ڣȻλ˻ʣЩ˾ʹ׷㷲
õģ죬з̳ͨڵޣڵޣǴ˻ʣ
˵䣬ͿҡĴܼ˾޾ǵҪվıߣ
뿪̫漧һڹϼ̨ϿյģдĶʮλ컯ҵλҲڳ
£Ųң֣Żҵڶս


3406 ó
£Ųң֣Żҵڶս
̫漧ĿսĶҾ꣬Σ޾㣬֤ף
֪ǼŲңɳŻΪʲ׼
ˣ׼ˣΪѹ󡣡˵䣬̫漧˳޹ķȫâ
л£
һζػһϷӰ;ȥ˲ϢѾĶ˾
£Զ컯۷Ϊʰ˾ֵ顣
ԣŻš
ڶֵɲǣеĵ淨ּͻرɢֳɴСǧ⻪һ㣬׹Զ˾Ϊ׵ѾӪ
Уһ⻪˶˾ڡ
˾컯۷Ϊ͵һͿ˶˾ǧûпż
˲Ϣö˾Ϊ컯۷ͻƵ컯ڡ
ңǶ˾ǧһκͻƣΪͻƵ컯ɲǣǧ۵İһ㣬˲Ϣͽ˾Ϊ컯ڡ
ڴͬʱ淨ּĹ⻪ɢǧΧڶ˾ΧѾڣЩѾϢΪ㶼һأ
˻ħȲҷйͣ
һԾøոջʹ͵һѾȸԾ
һֵͣĿޣ޼ۡ
ԴˣϷӰ¶ֻЦ¶˾Ϊ˲Ϣ컯ڣҲûκô
һ۷սɲǶ˾ٳɵܱġ
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣ˾Ϊ˲Ϣڵʹ컯ڣսʵ컯۷ѡ
컯ѾĻۡ
Ǹء
ͻˣҲҪһʱӵ컯
ҶϾ̫ˡ
һʱ䣬ϷӰһնֱȡ˾
ˣЩԥ˾ǣĶһĻ
Ŷ˾ջ񹻴󣬵ǰǣ˭ܻҪġ
Ƕ˾ԸԼҵڸŻˣǵѱ䣬ûκ塣
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣŻһս̳֮սսơ
ʤ
ʣ˾Ȼᶨһսռš
Ƕ˾ŻôһսƿɾͿˣ
ҲΪǿ͸һ㣬Կ̫漧Ϣž֮⡣
صĴѾֳɽϿգֻҪλκ춯ҪִսǾڵһʱӦԡ
ĿУۿŶҪʰ˶˾˾ͻسһСȣһӣһ˶ĽӰ˲Ϣɳס˶
ʥ鱦սȣ
Ϊ֮Ŀɿڴ
鱦սȾȻ˶˾С
ʣӦǵ͡
һ֣ʱᶨļ˾˫۷Ź⣡
̫漧ɫ˲Ϣ䣡
Ȼ컯۷Ļˣʱһͷײɶ˾ȫ߶鱦սȵУʱͷһƺߣһ
˾ոͻƵ컯ڣ컯ʱӦеľ磬ǣ߶鱦Ҫ磬ֻҪۻޱȵ
Զ˾컯ڵΪȫ߶鱦սȣǽսȵܳ׷ӳˣġ
أ˵Żʵܶ˾ֵģûжȫ
һһ֮䣬˾޴Ĳࡣ
˲Ϣ䣬ҵڶͱ˾һش
ӻеʱ򣬶Ѿ޷ϷӰˣãֻʣһƵĹͷӣԴҲ˴롣
κһ鱦˺Դܡ
ֻ˵Ƕù
ڷǳ£ܣ
£һλͬΪֳ鱦սȵ컯ܣҲԲҡ
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ڣȴԼӲˣ
㡭㡭սǰѾͶɻңֻʣ¹ǼܣѾ޷ˣֻܼҵŭ
˾ĬĬĵ˵ͷǳһ㡣
㣡
ֻʣ˫ð˵Ļ⣬Ϊʲô
ΪʲôҪѴܣѼ壿
ѵ֪ὫǶҴ𣿡
˵廹ãһ˵壬˾ͼˣ棬ˡ
ҲûбѼ壬Ϊ˼Ĵ̣ģ
ЦǽƱ磡ɣȻǲš
˾һ仰öɫٴξ䡣
棬֮ҿɵó֮Ƕ壬δһλ컯
֪ʲô
֪˯֮ʮڣڴطӺյ綫壬ŵʲô̶
ҺճĶ壬ʸûС
棬۹⣬Ӧҵóڼɣ˾֮
Զ۹⣬Ȼ׶˾óԶ壬һʱ˳˼С
˼˰͵ؾ䡣
Ϊʱ̵Ĳͳ˼ʹϿɣ
Ͽɶ˾˵
ƽʱҲν
Ŀ֮£ҡڵĴܼ˾ע£ȫһˡ
ǵģ
Ҳһɲǣ˾ĸߺٴ쳹
ó񣿡


3407 ս
ó񣿡
˾һߺֱӵ㵽ڶҡڲ˾Ŀϡ
޷ԪľҪҪȥɽ˯˾ͷʹ
̫ܿ漧ۣżĿ䣬ʵǵĳ˯ɽ֮С
Щ֮Уֻи˵ļ廹ڣ࿪ĺˣѾΪ΢ĩһֿѪᣬѾʧʷĳӵС
ܵĿةͣѪȻˣ˴к
꿪ļˣǳ˯֮󣬶Ӳˡ
˵Щͨ컯񽫡컯ǵ˾ĴССļ˾
һû֧ţҪһ֮ܳò˶ãͻᱻ̵һɶ
ǣ綫˾˵ǴǾͲһˡ
ֻҪЩǿߴһ죬Ϳʢһ죬Ǵ꣬Ϳʢꡣ
ǵóǵļ塭
ȻЩǴӼԳô˾ҡģԼ
͵
ܹţ˭Ըȥ
Ȼ£ÿע
ȴɵó˲Ϣ͸ҡڲļ˾ǰһ޴ն
˾ǰǰһõӣǿ϶ģõΪ컯ִ鱦
Ѿǵǧǣջ
˲Ϣ䣬˾ʹЩ־ĿŴ̫ܿ漧ŵȴŶ˾
ûע⵽һɲǣ̫ܿ漧Уһ˿˷ŭҵĽ飬Ȼŭ߳
ֻҪڣͿԱٻ󣡡˵̫꣬ܿ漧ָ˾ŭ˾㱳ѴܣԵóӻ壡
ߣ޽ͽ㶫峹
ּ⣬һѹ壡붫˾һͬѹߣ壡̫漧һɱ
ּ
˾ѲͻأĴг֣ʱ˭Ҳ֪ڷ̳еĴ˾ѲǷߵǷ
Ѳĳ֣Ƕ˾Ŷ˾ѱļ˾ɫǲұ䣡
˾ѲڣǱ߾ܹڵһʱִп̫漧ʥּ
֮У̫漧ּ⣬ܹڵһʱõ׵ִС
ЩҡԭҪվ˾ߵļ˾ǣ˲ؾֹס˽Ų
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Ƿŵһս̫漧ԶѾ˵㻳ɡ
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һ̾˾ȴŭˣ棬ȱкֵЧ֮
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һ㣬˲Ϣ͸ס˶˾߾ۼǧߡ
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ֻǣЩעԸ
˾Ŀ⣬˵һС
һĸߺشʼ䴫ƺԶּ
ħνӦ٣˿̻ͷü
µؼ
ͬʱһʹ˶˾һɱǰ
Ϊıˣǲ
ҲͬһɲǣµŴǶһ˿̫漧
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µԳ֣һźһ㡣
˷λ˵氽ף㶼˷ɱɱ˼ܵ컯ǡ
ȻҷʱµϺȡ
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Ѫ̳ڵһɴ䣬Ƕ֣ʱסˡ
һһжữӰ
ʺ½Сִ︫뿪̳ȴ
ͱԪ
ĵϾܿģ氽ǽӽսĽѪ
ҵѲ֡
˾ѲȻ컯۷壬ǿû֮£˫ս氽ףҲǿӦ˹
ʱ˿̣Ȼ̳ߣǿ̫漧ҲҪڴˡ
ϲҪģȻǶȫ
߶䣬̳ڵǬԪͬʱ˿̫漧
ſ̫漧ǳԿﲻеԭ
ǬԪǱ֣Ȼ޷һλ档
λĺϮɱ£ȴˡ
ʱ˳֮£ֻٻر
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Щͨ䣬ֻܽڷ̳ϿգҲ޷뿪
ȫ֣Σ֮£̫漧࿴ħʥǵķߺҶ֣һ


3408 ڵ
ҶȣҶʱ򣬿̫漧ͷһ˿ˬġ
˵ҶŹͬĵˡ
еǰʤڼӦ
ֻҪ޴Ӧ״ݺĵ
ҶӦ֣ǵȡ
ʱ˿̣̫漧Ҳֻ¼Ȩˡ
˵ҶĿǰΪ˲Ϣ
ǣ̫漧ȺѳҶȴûκӰ
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ֵΣʱ̣ļ컯ڶӪλ컯㶼յ˿̫漧˾죡
һȴؼбб̽£ͨ쳹һ㣬ǳһҹɽ൲˴
̹̽طɳ컯ֱӺѪɶء
ֵģȻ֮һ档
Ӫλ컯ȴһ˲ͳ˾ڡ
սսپλӣսɣ
˭ִս飬Ȼֻλ
飬Ͼͻµͬ⣬Ҳڵһʱ´˷ּ
ǰ͵Ⱥھʥصɽɽؽӵ˷ּӾֳΣȻ鱦֣˲ؼսš
λλѡӣҵУ˭ִ񣬵֮о
λʥ֮ڰǰͽΪͻƵ컯
ʱ⣬ȻȴѾԷտΪ׵ʥ֮ȹͻ֮ľ磬ӵ컯ڵʵս
֮ԷտΪ׵ʥ֮˲Ϣսʹλ컯ּ˾ս
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̶һ˲䣬λ컯䵱ؼѪ١
ſ̫漧Ѫԭҡڲǲ˾ǣ˲Ϣͼᶨޱȵվ˶˾
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տΪ׵λ컯ɱӪļ⵶һͱĴӪܣ
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ҲˣտԼѡһǳмֵĶ֡
βͿɽ蹡
ʱβڷһ֤֮״
ΪȻƵԭ򣬴ʱ½ķβִ鱦ᦣҲӦķѡ
˵ҲΪ½ķβֳᦣ״ҪȻ̫漧ȫΧ֮£˿Ȼ׶༪ˡ
ҲΪβ΢Ϊ˿ٽտ˲ؾ˾βͿɽ蹡
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˲ϢҺ̫˲Ϣ˾βͿɽ蹣ܴ֮£βͿɽֱ״С
ܴ֮£βͿɽ蹵⣬Դס
һĻǿ̫漧䱾½裬Ԯ
̫漧شǰʱ˿ȫ߶ǬԪɵסµĺΧ
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ոͻƵҶܲסֻܽ÷λߡ
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½ɷķޣ
ΣԲԸ⿴ʹȥ
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ʱ˿̣ʵһС
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ħʼħ񶼱ƽʦˣħӦûܹǣסҶŶԡ
ƽʦҶΪʲô
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϶ǾڵĹϼ̨֮ս˾޴ıʡ
ʱ˿̣Ҷħ֪ԽħزС磬ĸѡ
ħزС磬ȴԳһ磬ҶȻӵе漶ʵҲ޷ӦڵΡ
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Ҳ½Ԯͬʱŭ֮ھ쳹


3409 δŹ
տң
ŭ˲ش졣
ʱ˿̣տ߶鱦̫ķ⣬һ㣬˾βͿɽ蹵Դ
Уһڵ׹һݺݵ˻סβͿɽ蹵ᦣ˲ؾ޾βͿɽӳֵ޹⣬СԳԭ
һƴССᦡ
ͬʱҲᦶԾβͿɽԴıҲûˡ
տ߶ķ⣬˲ϢþβͿɽ蹵Դ˻𺣡
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µȫΧ˵Ŀ̫漧˲Ϣÿ̫漧Σյ˼¡
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쳹ŭ½΢΢һ
֪ŭ˭ġ
һŭУ顣
Ǵʱ˿̣½Ѿ˲Щˡ
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һ⣬һ˲ͳȵ˼£
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񼧰һĴ˻ǵ棬ҲɣḶ޷ܵĴۡ
ھ֮ڣȫһˡ
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ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣ̫漧ڣǿ̫漧ȷ˽ʧȥ֧š
ԣھնɱ˻ʼǸĴۼСܵҲǼС
ҲΪˣµ˿ԮβͿɽ蹵ܣҪȫɱ̫漧
ǣڶȫֵɲǣһǼɵϢͻأĳڹϼ̨Ͽա
Ҷ档
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µһѿ
Ϸȥһȫɱⲣµһ߳һӰȴǵ淨
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ǵȴǽ̤֤֮ţӭҶ棡
ҶֵɲǣѾβͿɽصԴӵ˻Уϧ
ͿɽԴǲģгϧ֮⣬ʹŭ
һĻҶЩȻ
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Ҳ˵ʦ½ݣʦ½Ǵܿʺǿ̫漧İˡ
ôʦ½ķβͿɽˣɻǿ̫漧ʦֺܡ
ǿǰʦֺʹģԾβͿɽ蹵֮飬ѾԶԶͬʦĸ顣
ңβͿɽֻʦ½ķѡ
ˣʦ½ɺúõġ
ͬʦãʦǺȫҪ˱˷ŭ
֮ʦֺܶʦ½ķβĸ飬ȫ
һˣҶͷͻһͷޣʦֺҲʦ½裿
ʦֺޣ
ʦֺܱʦͶɣ
ǣҲ˵ͨ
ˣʦֺӦȥԸ̫漧Ǳʦ½롣
ڴ֮ǰʦһλʦʦ㣬ûи߹Ҷ棬ʦֺϲʦ½裿
ʦ½ķβͿɽ蹣
·֣һʱҶһͷ綷ĸо
ʱ˿̣ȴҶЩʱһ䣬ĿͿ˽̤֤֮Ŷµ棡
սʱ
βͿɽԴ״⡣
ʦֵֺܳĵһɲǣһԲµӡʹӺͷ֣ޱȼԴ̫˾βͿɽԴ֮ڡ
ǣ̫ˣ̫룬βͿɽ蹵Դûʲôɫ
ŭ˲Ϣ͵̧ͷŭĶ˶ԾβͿɽ¶ֵտ
ǺĿ⣬ŵĵ˰벽
տ
ųһֵɲǣǰĽʧ
һɲǣտͷһĨͨޱȵ⣬رóĿޱȡ
ֻһֵܳɲǾ֪˲ȫտԴڣͱһĨͻȻԾ⣬ʳ˷飡
һնͬΪ컯տ
һڳΪ֮һ
氽Ӱܵķ
ֶΣ̫ǿᣬ̫죡
ֻԴ鱦̫סķտŵˣ־岻ѵĸģʦʦ
еʦֵһ·
ֻǴʱ˿̣ܵĿ⣬ıţҲûŹ蹶֣
ͬһɲǣɰǧͬʱڷտԴܱ¡
˲ϢͽտԴͬ鱦̫ʳ˷飡


3410 
컯տͬΪһնɱ䵱
˹ϼ̨вս컯
ڧ
ԭ
Ҷ֮⣬粢˽ܵĵϸֻ֪ء
ʲôԭһɱͬΪ컯鱦տ
˶Ī
һնɱֳ鱦컯
ǵӵеʵɣ
Ȼֲ˹
֮ʣ潣ʳɷտԴеһУտ鱦̫ڱ֮󣬶ԴԪع鵽ؼ䡣
ΨһСλڷտԴ߲ʹţɢ
һС߲ʹţһöССӡһ߲֮ɫԼ䣬иػ緭
ػ磬ľ֡
ʶĶΪտ챦Ӧûûüãȱܸնɱˡ
ȴǿϧˡ
Ҳһɲǣػ߲ʵСţͻȻ;ȥ˲Ͷڱ˻ǣڷ̳Ͽյķ
е컯˲Ϊ֮һɫرѿޱȡ
ЩΧΪȥɢ£ɫǷڡ
λǰ¾Ҫλ治Ҫˡ
ⷽػɫСţڷտ󣬾ȻͶ
֮Сϵܡ
뵽ǰڷտԴ֮ڣ׾ٵľͿжϳµտ
д˱ڣտͿ׾ٵõִ
ֲĵǰһ㶼ɱѪɺӣ˿·˶ߡ
ԭԼҵֽš
Ҳô˻ʼ֣ǿж߷ķգλų֡
һʱ䣬Χߣĵ׷׷״µ̫ģ
ۿ硢ɫСӡҪڣһ΢һ̽֡
޴ڵ⣬˱仯
һ߲Сӡ֮ͻȻ˲䣬ͻһֻ֣һ̽ͽ߲СӡС
߲Сӡֻȫ߶Բ̫ӡ̫»֮ӿɢľβͿɽԴڡ
ϵı⡢ʹ⣬ѾŨĻ
һԣҶµ֮ĴսҲոտʼ
Ҷ汳﹭΢ţͷӡѪ΢΢Ž⣬ӭµ档
տ֮µôһɲǵĲ
ǣտ֮µһȻӰ޴󣬵ʱ˿̣µĵģȻ˿һҲ¶
Ҷ棬𣿡
µһָһָӡƽƽҶ棬ȥ죬ȴһ˲Ҷǰ
ʲô
Ҷ治ܣѪ΢΢һնָ
ŵͽ
ҶĿ΢΢һѪȴǲ䣬ƮƮնµָ̺ɽҶѪ΢һ¡
ǣһָѪǰɱնķѡ
µɫһ䣬һָ
ʵ쵽˼£
ôŵͽҶЦ䣬Ѫٴն﹭Ȼʼ졣
ûǰɣµʵ
Σ
Ϸ֪ͽ˭
˭
ߣϷ͸Σ
Σ
Ҷµ֮һμʱڵ̸ѣݵ̽Ҳ
Ҷ汳﹭͵ؿ£Ѫң
̫漧ΣڵϦҶ׼ȫˡ
ҲڴʱµЦҲ޷
˵䣬µĳһָ
˲Ϣ䣬ҶȻ
Ҳһɲǣµٴһָһָȴǰ漸ָȫͬ
һָϢµ
ոݻɵ컯ͥڵɽ£ǷУһ˿ϢһָС
˲Ϣ䣬һָ֮µҶ棬صһ
ҶȴһҲš
㼿𣿡
γΪ㼿󣿡
ЦУҶͷıӡ⻪š
һָڱӡϣӡϵơ
µȫһָƲ˱ӡ
ǽģȴµ֤֮š
ŷ䣬ĵǳ֣۳һޱȵ־֮ϣҶ档
һ֮£ڵԪ˲ϢΪ֮һա
ػ֮£ҶͷֵıӡҵĲƺ֮ף
˵ڣؼ棡
ߺУĵϢ΢΢һҶǾҲıӡͻȻȶ
ҲһɲǣҶ﹭£Ѫʸػһɫµ档
ͬһɲǣҶ˫ĿһɣԴʹ⻪ţ˵ţҶ˫Ŀ˲Ϣͱޱȡ
ʱ䷨
ҶҪʱΰһشµ档
Ȼ˵ʱΰʩڵϵЧҶ˵ӳ֣ܹ΢Ӱ쵽ġ
ĵ֮ĴսӰ죬ֻҪһ㣬㹻ˡ
ҲһɲǣҶͻȻһֺë֮С
Ѫµɲǣ˶ޱȵɽزɫ׹⣬ͷҶ档
澹Ȼֻ˷̫漧߶֤֮ɽȫҶ档
ϼ̨֮ս
Ҷֵһɲǣԭȫɱһ£ͱʹɱҶ档
ĳ治⣬˵ϣ
ȫͻϮҶ棬ҲСӦ
ӡ˲ظɽŵ֮£ʱбĿܡ
ǵı𣿡
Ҷ淢һߣ˴߶ʱԺ˵ḡ֣һһ˵ĺֱӡ֮С
˲Ϣӡȶ
һϢģһǹϢͻ뵽Ҷ汳µķֵ컯һǹݺݵĴҶĺҪ
ҶĺĴռµǹɣÿǰһ磬ѣ
ǣǹɼᶨޱȵĴҶĺҪ
µΰʱͽͻƿڣҶںֱײ
ߣ
ҶһܲԼƻǹ﹭絶һͻأҶ͵Ϯµ淨
ʱ˿̣µķҲ˿̫漧ת͵ϮҶ档
ֻķʱס˿̫漧
﹭絶˲Ϣնµķ
ʱ˿̣µȫӦҶѪ
ҶѪһɱħʼħɱУȻʱ֮ûмӳϣʱ˿̣µҲȫӦԡ
µҲǸˡ
ķ˿ǰ﹭ȫ߶ҶڵǹƻҶ
һ̣˭ǣ˭ʤ
ҶԮԸǹҶ䶨ˡ
ԮҶֻʧˣ
ǣµȴǵ͹Ҷĺ߹ս
Ҷ˿˽ɷǹ﹭Թȫն¡
ѪĹ絶һ㣬ݺݵµ淨ڡ
﹭̺⡢־飬˵־֣˵
﹭ն壬ɱ﹭⡢־˲ϢǷ籩һµķ⣡
ѩһ﹭նеµķ˲Ϣɢ
ոȫҶѪµ飬ͻȻȻ֡
ؿ䣬Ǿ޷ƵһѪ
ͬʱµϢͻȻ䱩һء
𣬻Դһ㣬ǵҲ⣡
Ҳǵס


3411 ָ
أ
ȻµֻһѪ˶֪µܵˣҪȱֳĶˡ
µĿˮ˫ĿĶҶ棬ֵӰ汬ͣµʱ˿̵޷ݵ顣
һ¿ǿˡ
ҲȻ֣
滹µ棬ǰսʱҶ潻֣Ҷʵս
˺Ҷأʵٴһ̶ȵ
滹µ棬Ƕ֮
෴ģܳΪ棬Ŵǻ۴֮ˡ
ԣڶҶʵϣµ涼ǵʵƲϣɡ
ڽһս֮ϣλΪ˴ɱҶĻᣬ伫
ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣ̫ܿ漧ҲɱҶնˡ
شսŸµķشҶĻᣡ
ɼǶҶ棬Ѿӵ˼¡
̱ƴһɲ滹µ棬ŷ֣ǻǵ͹Ҷ档
͹Ҷʵ͹Ҷ֤֮ܡ
͹Ľµ淨𣬳˴
ԿԿ
µʱ˿̣Ƿǳף˭ǵС
˻ʼΡ
УҶ棡
ִֻ꣬һ˲Ϣ˶Է⡣
£һУһлпܡ
£ɲעһ¼ܡ
һֱּɽɽλ컯
ͬһɲǣµ糱ٴιҶ档
һνµȫ
µǲۣߣķֱӷ˿նɱ̫ܿ漧Ŀܣתһֳ״ΧҶ档
Ȼķ֮Էնɱ˻ʼԭǷµ汩¶ŵͽ
û
µָĳ½ͽǴ˻ʡ̫漧
Ϣһ۽սΣ˻ʼֲ˺ȥ
ҶλΧ²ô˻ʼͻҶķѡ
ͬʱܵĿʺ½СҲ½裬½״ӣ½Ů
ִ鱦︫½裬ǴԼ֮һҪս
½跽Ϣ֮ûе½ڹȫ֣սŻз
ʱ˿Ǽ½Ϣһͽ⻼鷳ϡ
ʱ˿̣λԣȫɱҶ;
ֻǣҶɲɱɱġ
µڸ˷ٵľ޴֮󣬽鱦컯ǹҶĺҪ
Ҷʵķ飬˿ǹҶڣӿµıԴ֮ƻҶ
νҪ
µ棬ȻǲŹǰ˱Ļģ
µ涼ҶֳʵǴ˽գնɱҶ棬¾ˣ
ǣͶ˿ʼٴȫΧҶɲǣҶ֣ȵ˻ڵǹ
סɲǣҶ͵ؽǹԼڰγʻ⡢˵һԵӿ죬Ҷ澹Ȼѹµ졣
µǰǲҶô
飬ҲǲԸ⡣
̫̫ˮǹڷӿܵķҶѹ
ʱսͷʱȣҶҲԸʹ˷Ź졣
ֽסǹռڡ
ͽ׹ˣ
Ҷϴģ
ռڣ鱦׹޾ʹ׹졣
Ļλ涼ɻȥ˵һ鱦ˣ˲Ϣס졣
µɫһ䡣
Ȼ֤֮ȴҲ˶١
ҶȥҪû¾Ҫˡ
ʱ˿ֻ̣ܾʩչһ֤֮ͨţȫˡ
ȫ֮£ܿƻأ·ת
ǣһνսھڡ
Գһ磬ûк飬Ҷ潻ֵƻ֮ǰһսʱء
ԣ滹µ棬һζ޼ɵȫ֡
ܿģµɫͱѿ
ԭǳµ÷شûɱҶ档
ǵҶγǹ֮󣬺ҪƣȻۿɼٶȷٺת
˵ıԴشǷŵ˭ϣҪʱܻ
½븴Ҳˡ
ҶȴһٷɿĻָ
µ۹⣬ȻˣҶӦǶʱƵĻָĻָ
֣µɫѿ
ⲻҶʱϵѾﵽһԶǵĸ߶ȣҴ֮ǰµ淨ƣڼ̵ʱʧ
ӡȫ
﹭ǰһɱ淨ǰµ㶼ɵޱȡ
﹭֮µ棬С˱ܣӲƴ
һʱ䣬ܵشҶ߶ӡ﹭Ѫȫ֮£Ȼĵסȫµ棬ޱȣ
Ҷ桢µ桢˵Ĵս֮⣬ϼ̨˱仯
ɽɽע£ǳʱ̣ջѡӵķּ


3412 ɽȫ
ɽɽע£˵ǵ淨ּǿ֮£תһ̻硢ɫСӡĹŶشͷɳɽɽ
޷εϲɫɽɽһ
ζûȻܹ׵ĳΪ֮ͥ
û֮ͥ
µͬʱ´﷨ּóһӡɽɽɽɽӡֱط̵ʱõ񣬲ִ
һʼִ񣬾ʹ֣֮˵˻ʣ֮ͥ
ͥ˵֮ͥԳƿȴȵӰı仯ת
ӰͿǴΧģκ˰涼ܵӰ졣
˵ֱһ㣬Ҷλսʱ֮ʣ֮ͥͨȨӰͿЩ仯
ֱ仯Ҫֻ̫࣬Ҫλһ㣬ܹλΪ
ͬʱʱҶ֤˵
Ǵ˵֤
һ컯֣ͥ˵˻ʣ֮ͥô˵Ϊ֤Ҷ棬ʵǴʵض½λʵȴֻõļǿ
һһ֮£λնɱҶ棬ͻ׾٣
ԭڴ֮ǰλ컯֮ͥ뷨ġ
һ壬ȴĸ塣
µ桢桢ˣԶԼĵͳ档
ʣδ컯֮ͥһҵĵΣ컯ͥȨ棬ͻһҡ
δǧ֮ڣһҾͻˣҷչͷͻѷǱѹơ
ͳ֮֮·ϣȷѪ꣬κõġ
½ɣⲿغܶ࣬ԭ򣬻ǵͳ֮֮
ֻ֮ͥһڲȴңµ滹滹棬ԼҵӳΪַ֮ͥ񣬶Ը⽫֮ͥˡ
ڲۣʵλ컯ͥʱѾˡ
λҲߣͷΪ֮ͥλӴѪƴ˵ľǵˡ
ԣ֮ͥӦԺƽķϣҾ֡
ֻ£˵ѡ
λ涼ףҪִȥˡ
˭Ա֤ԼӳΪ֣֮ͥѹң˭ҲԸ֮֮ͥλ֮֮ͥλ͸һҡ
ڲ飬˵ǳꡣ
λ澭Ҳӵдǻۣ͸֮֮ͥһߡ
ҿ֮ͥĴλеҪǵĺ߷Χܹ磬ͨ
ǰ£λ澭飬ǰķ
ȣ뱣֤컯֮֮ͥУ֮֡
½뷢ƻƣߵ˵Ϊ·ӣִ߲
£˭Ҳ޷֤֮֡
½ưλ컯ͥһϵͳ
ִߣʵ컯֮ͥҲ컯
ִֻ֮ͥһְͥӡӡһ׵ģΪ컯ͥӡӡ
ӡλǵλŪ
ӡһΪʥصһһ飬Ա֤ڹؼʱ̷񲻻֮֡
һԼ׵Ĵۣȡ
λļƻ˼ָ֮ӽʩֶΣ֮ͥ
ֻû뵽λ֮УҶȴǵԤ֮⡣
һһεģÿһεʵǵԤϡ
ԭһΣλز֣ԼΪնսҶ棬Ҷĸ󻼡
û뵽ҶڱлҪá
һ̵ǵն˳شµ档
µ涼˹ʶ˽գɱҶ¾ͺѣҾǽգҲû̫ɱҶĿܡ
ԣڶ׼
ȻȫҲɱҶ棬Ǿͽ֣֮֮֮ͥɱҶ棡
ִ֮䣬ԭҵӸ֮ͨͥļƻȻвͨˡ
ΪӵտȻɵˡ
Ȼµûʲôͷ³һѪ
һѾʧȥ컯֮ͥʸ
ʱȨ֮£µת֧档
ĵɽɽӡΪһ̵ʱִ񣬹ͥз֣֮ɱҶ棡
λ̵ʱڹ֮ͨɱҶļƻ
ԣּµļ
óԼһ컯ӡвʵġ
ǰִ֮£һ֮ս棬Ҳ޷
Լҵ潻ֻ֮εĽԼͥӡ
ͥӡɳɽɽط߶£ͥӡʱںϳһϴͥӡѾ˼컯ͥӡ
͵͵ĿһԶһʹ۸ֵеһ컯ͥӡɽɽϵľȥ
Ǽһβ飬֪һģǲҪǵĺá
ӽ߳ɵ컯ӡѾ㹻ˣ
һɲǣɽɽͻضĿ̺ϢͶɲǣɽɽ쳹ġ
죬úģģȫ


3413 ٳɻң
죬úģģȫɽɽɲǣͻأĸֳ޵˿߰硣
˿߰էֻһϸȴܷ˿߰磬˿ߺϾ۶ɡ
ڳǿߵֻҪһϸͷ֣ۺϳ˿ߵ˿ߣʵǺĴ½Դĵءˮ硢طɡ
޵ط磬˲Ϣûգ˻磬Գ˾ͷ
ͷǷɽɽķɳĿϢ
׼ȷ˵طľͷĿϢ
ʱ˿̣Ŀĵط磬мٴС
ڻдеĹ½ľ񣬴ʱطֳսߵĿ⡣
ʵϣǿ߲սҶԼλ澳ǿ߲ս컯֮µǿߵĽֹ֣ͣˡ
Ǵ˿ģҲǧ֮⣬СĵģԶݵ֮ս
ǵǿֵ߽սΪһ㣬ನ֮£ͻʱɷɻҡ
Ǵʱ˿̷˹սߡ
һʱ䣬ͱɽɽĵط
˵ô࣬ʵֻһ˲䡣
ֻһ˲Ĺĵ̺ϢȺĸС֮룬˲Ϣ֮ĸСĺ֮ڡ
һɲǣĸС綸źĴ½ݹһޱȻȸԾ顣
߶ĺҵĸһָˡ
ǱǣһǻߣȻԽԽ죬ǹһ
ͬһɲǣؼ΢΢һеǳһеĹ⻪ɽɽϡ
УһػƾȻٵɽɽڡ
ͣ
˲Ϣ䣬˰Ҷ涼ˡ
ɽɽѰغϿɣȻͿԴ˹ִ
ִĵһҪ󣬾ˡ
ˡ
ȻϿɵĹѫ
ȻȻͱ֮ˡ
Ȼ󣬾ִĵڶҪ󡪡Ե߾֮
ԭԵǼ临ӵģ漰˲棬临ӡ
λ⡪컯ӡ
ӵд󲿷컯ӡɽɽͳǸԵߡ
֮ʱɽɽѾ޽ӽϾͿԳΪִĴڡ
֮˵޽ӽˡҲǹѫ
ոտʼع飬ںĶԣǹ顣
ǣع飬һ̡
ĿڳϵĽӽź磬ÿӽһ㣬ή˿˿Ƶ͸ɽɽ
ͨ˵ѰغĹѫʼβࡣ
ֱĿ׻عĴ½ǽɽɽ֮ʱ
ȻҲɽɽҪȵĿ׻ع֮󣬲ִ
ĿĻعʱ䣬ɲ̡
򼸸£ʮꡣ
λɲôá
ɽɽִҪѫֻһٽֵˡ
һҪһֻҪ۵һ̶ȾͿˡ
ǡĻعոտʼͲϡ
ֻҪͳһӵʱ䣬ɽɽҪˣ͹ˡ
Ϳִˡ
ʵϣҪòôʱ䡣
ܰӶҪ
Ŀʼع飬ҿʼźĴ½ķ٣ؼɽɽµ磬ԽԽࡣ
ò˶ãҲͰϢʱ䣬͹ˡ
Ŀĵطǣ»ع飬ҶڴսµϣҲһ˿Цݺɡ
Ǵʱ˿̵սֲ˳
µ˺ΧҶ棬Ҷ˵״£ϧûռϷ硣
һʼҶӦЩѾ
ҪһʼҶնɱشµеһλΪĿġ
Ҷشµ֮󣬾͸ΪȫأȫĵͶⳡս
ʼһµ桢ĴսУ֤Լͨط֤ԼĴ
Ǵս
ӡסҪ﹭ѪԹΪأĵסµһһȫ
֮ǰƣ
ʱ䷨ӳ֮£Ѿá
սµɫˮ
ʱ˿̣µ¶Ц⣬һʤȯյģ
ͣ޹飬ǽƣܷһɣҶЦ
µɽսУָ룬мԵ֮ɫ
ԼΪնɱҶ棬ִƻ컯ӡΪջغΪˣǵƣǵĵ֮
ʱҶЦȴǸӿġ
ϵĳޣˮһ̸ˡ
Ƕƾеĵ˵ŭȴ
µˣѾþúþûö
Ϸչá֮ǰһڶµЦʱҶŭгһڶĸо
ߣá
Ҷŭ߳ǻйҪģʮǰǲ߻ͷشսĺķƻģдƬ绯һС硣
ڵãǷǴ鶪ʧĺһΪ
Ľͣ
ǲҪҲҪģҶ
Ҷ棬飬꣡ȵ
飬ðĶħڳϣ÷
ҶĻµɫͻһ䣬ĿΣ֮
ģ飬ұữڳϣҶ߳
ԣµɫٴһ䣬ƺʲôޱȡ
ҶĻƺǴ̵λʹ
죬ֱɽ
ͷǣʲôµֻûжҶƿڴˣվٳɻ֮ʣϣҪʦ½ĺˡ
һս֮Ŵн᳹׻
չ֣ƺǱҶĳЩŵˣµǰδеı
ٳɻң
ҶЦΪҽ𣿡
ѵ𣿡
ҶǵЦµͻȻþأһ䣬ҶҲͬʱ


3414 
λʦ֡ʦ֡
ҶͻµĿһ䣬ʱʶҶĺʲô

ʵϣ˵նɱ½롢ɽ֮һֱ׷ŵȴһֱûʲôɹ
׷ɱķּгЧ
ֻʱվãųɾŵʲô֪ˣ׷ˣ
ңŹ֮ŵĵ磬Ҫ׷ɱǼѵġ
ɫ֮⣬ӣλҲûзϡ
ʱ˿̣ϼ̨սʱ£Ƕһô¾ͻƽ⣬Ӱ쵱ǰս֣
ƽ̷ּ
ͻȻĺӦµɫһ䡣
һӦĳƺ͸¶Ϣ
Ҷ½ӣҵؾһЩϿɡ
ŵƽ̡
֮걻ţȻֻǻûѸ¶ѡ
һϢ
ҶҪٴȥѶȱȵŻҪѣ
ĻӦУڴʦַյĴ£졢ߡīׯݷλ̤Χɽɽ
ŵ󷨵Ȼ˵ھڵ֮УҲһ
ʦ½봫µĶźϻ󷨡
󣬾˷ⶥ
Խ࣬ԽԽֲܹ֮Ϊࡣ
ϣǾ컯Ķת֮£Ӳǿߵ
һ㣬ǲģĿǰ֪
ʱ˿̣ԷΪ׵λŵ컯ɴһ֣ɱɽɽΣƵ֣Ѫ
µɫر÷ǳѿ
ɽɽʱ˿̱ɵôʲôִ֮ͥģȫЦ˵ǽ֮ɱҶˣѹܡ
µͷͬʱһͷԮɽɽ
ڱ˶ԣʱ˿̾ԮλΧɽɽǳѡ
µԣȴַǳļ򵥡
ǵΪֻҪһܹһλ컯
ʱµĴֻҪһλܾͻʱɽɽԱ֮
һʱ䣬ֻҪɽɽʼִ񣬽ʱ֣ͥκˡ
ҶǺεˡ
˵ͿµΪˣսϣҶһ쳣
Ԫλʦһ֮λʦ֣
ƽ̷ּ
ù˵ӳֵ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ⻪һ䵽˲ķյͷʮ챦⻪ҫ˲Ϣ÷ĿռŤģ
ҲǰԪոչȥɲǣµһ̫ףſһףֱ˴ʦַɡ
ϧǣҶһ
µ˵ĹԱ鱦ԪͨŤʱոˡ
һǰλİԪʵȫ
µ˿̳ϾĹɱλȴǵȫԪȻԽ¡
Լ˵ı㱻Ҷ濴ƣж޹µ޹⡣
ǰλ˵һ죬ŵҪʱòλһݴ񣡡Ҷµ˵
ߣʱ⣬Ϊʱ磡µЦ
Ц䣬ĿĳһЩʧʱʹһսͷĲԸսɽɽ
ʱ֣ʱҶĺʱ
ƽ̷ּ
Զ𣬵ģȴһһܼǵļʸ
Զֱ佫ġ
ɱͻϮ֮£컯ڵΪȻѹס컯ڵ
νһ˵õȮ졣
Ҷ֤ģʧ˸һɶԸţҶҲ͸һôΪͻƵ컯ڡ
סµɫѿ˼֡
ң
ҲڴʱΧɽɽؾ䣬ɽɽİӾսˡ
ƶɽɽ컯ԣˣȴɽɽڼ
µ򣬴ʱҲǴ󼱡
ɽɽıɱôıܾĹһʧˡ
ֱӽĿ⿴˾죬괫ͳ
µǳŭ߳裬㻹֣ʱ
ǰ£ʲô֮ģµѾ˲ˡ
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⣬µŭ߳ȴǰ̾ϢһȻѵǰ̶ֳ
̾鰵̾ȴһ㶼ԥ
һӶſųع⻪ס˴๥
֤֮ŽȺһȵ
ϼ̨Ͽա
һɫ̵ľŽȺؿնٽɲǣ·һһãݺݵĳ˷ˡ
һȫһ
ǷյҶ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ֣ҲܵӰ졣
һȥ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫµվ飬ʮ챦˱ࡣ
ΧɽɽķϢ󷨽๥һҡ
Ĺɲʹ˽
Žڱ߳鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ
ޣͽԪıһСţҲ޷Χɽɽķˡ
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µҲ΢ɣ֤֮Žڱȳյˣͷ󶨡
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ҶУûκξ⡣
Ժ˵͵ػʵ壬ʣסҶ
ϧǾ֮ڣ˵ܱ
ں֮ڣƾ˵ᣬҶͿڲ֮ء
Ҳ㹻ˡ
ȻǾ֮ڣ˵Ҳ㹻Ҷ浲µļɱˡ
յ˱ȡ
ɽɽ
ҶʹƴֶΣҲҪ֡
﹭£˫аݣʱ򷢶ס
ҲڴʱҶ滹һ
ΣʦֺܶԼʦ֣Ȼлͬʦ֮٣ͶҲʵ
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㣬Ҫʦֺܵıˡ
ΣҶ涼Ҫʦֺһġ
Ͼʦֺʦ½ĵӣҲͬʦֵڡ
ԣؼʱ̣Ҷһ
ʦ֣
ҶһģǰʦׯļдϸޱȽڼеļ
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ҲҶׯɲǣʦֺܣǱһ㣬͵̧ͷׯ˵ķ
˲ϢŭĿԲ
޴ڵ̫⻪˲ľŽڱǰ߱˲Ϣ˳ǧĽ⣬նľŽڱȡ
⻪˸
ִټ䱬ĽľŽڱ·׷ȴ·硣
ǣĽ𽣣ȴ޾һ㡣
ľŽڱһ˲һ֮ĵסľŽڱȣ
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Žڱȹ⻪ϱǣŲת죬޷ͻʦֺܵĽ𽣵ķ
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ִٳ֮£Ȼ޷˶ŵС
µżѡ
ǣµ룬УľŽڱͻȻһ͵һز˵ϼ̨ϢҲ͵ܵش졣
ڣĴЦͻ쳹
ȴǴȫ֮ʣشķ̶Ӱ쵽ֵ
ʦֺȻŹĻᣬ𽣻۳һսལݺݵն˾Žڱȡ
֮촦֤ȡҲŽڱȣطһС
ŽڱϣһɼĽۣвҺ
ˣ
µɫرޱȵѿ
ѿ˼£
ɱʦֺܲûֻ֣ͣɨһ۱յΧɽɽ﷢һмߡ
ȷյ鹥ɱɽɽʦֺܾٴγˡ
ʮɽɽܱߵⱩ㣬һ𽣽֯նɱɽɽ
棬ȡ
һɲǣɽɽֻһظȻֹıͱʦֺܵĽ˴Դ鱦ɱޣ
ϼ̨ܱߣһƬ
˲Ϣ䣬µϵѪɫʾ


3415 ɽ
ɽɽҲʦֺһնɱؼѪ䡣
ɽȻնɱˣ֮ǰһصĴǣ£źĴ½ӽ
У˿˿Ƶ粻ֲ
ڳϵĶһغɽɽͣɽɽѾ䡣
ֵ֮ɢ
սߡһԼˣдԶ˾Ϊ׵ıߣǶ̾Ϣ
ֻһţ
ɽɽֻҪټʮʮϢʱ䣬ʮϢʱ䣬͵ͻ۵һķֵ
ʱ䡣
ּǿҪնɱɽɽҲ˼һķɡ
οӳ֮£ǿŵν˾ͻվɽɽߡ
ؼһ΢磬ͻᵼĹһЩ΢Ĳ֣ɽɽӵһ
ڣ˵ʲôˡ
ɽɽûǸ
ȳ£ͱڶɱˡ
˾սƴ棬Ѿ׼սĵսˡ
˼սˣ컯ֻԶ˾Ϊ׵ѾʱĿĶҶսµ档
Ϊλжսʤ˵
ɽɽնںͳһöɫ̻컯ӡ˷˲µĶС
նɱɽɽʦֺܣҪǻˣյڵһʱ佫컯ӡˡ
Ǻͬʦֵܣֳǵ飬ʱͲˡ
ŵĴʦ֣еΪܡ
һͽ컯ӡ岦ʦֺܡ
ʦܣš
ʦܡƺúз˲ڵһʱ佫컯ӡС
ţսá
˵꣬ʦֺܾͲսٴר־ȫ߶̫ӡƻоβͿɽԴơ
ֻԽƣʦֺеıʹԽŨ
ʦַմʱ컯ӡ彻ܱ棬ԭġ
컯ӡҪԣö˵㾡ȫҲҪı涼ֶܻء
£վûб˱
Ҷ棬Ҳʡ
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ԺܵʵȱҲű컯ӡġ
£컯ӡ֮֡
ͬһɲǣʦַתĶ鱦ʮԪ챦鰢Ԫ£˲Ϣͽʥؽ˴С
һʣͽء
Ȼ컯Ϊи鱦ųɱһ䣬ҲӦЩѡ
չ黹ܹӦû̫Σա
ǣֵĶûĽУʱеɽѹ
ԭӦ䣬ʱͱ˴ʸ
˲Ϣ;ˣ
ķ֣ҲϾ
һĵոձȥֱˣʱڣ޷
µ棬εɽɽûȣ˵ˣ

ģ׹޵Ԩ
ҶսµϵĿɫŨ
£컯ӡĿԣ΢΢ˡ
֣òһҶ棬˵һսٵˡ
ʱ˿ѾλĿ֮ˡ
˲Ϣ䣬ͨµ˾
λ漸ͬʱĽϧ֮£˲ϢѹסҶ档

һ֣λ˵ƮƮģӻѾУȴ
ΪһһսУˣ
սˣ
һĵӻã׷˳սȦͼ󳷡
˵ǿߣʱ˿Щ֪롣
ѿҲ𾪵ģȴҪ˾Ϊ׵һѾˡ
ǰѴܱѵǰ㳹ףǽͶ״Ͷ¡
ʱ˿̣ȴְˡ
ζֱ
һ߿
˾Ǵʥʱ˾ϣҪ£滹ڣǸӳʥؾͿԡ
ⰲţҲĿǰõѡˣ˾ҵļˣҵˣȫأ°ˣôˣ
ĸڽڡ¿Ҫȫ군ˣ
ధö˾ɫѿͬʱ߳ɽڣûգʲôɥȱҪģ
˲Ϣ䣬ϼ̨Ͽһս컯Ϳʼȫ泷ˣЩѾҲͼ컯뿪
ͬʱԭҧŴܼ˾˵ľӣҲΪԳҡ
˵ģ氽ףһӵķɿ졣
£ԭڱԵĴܼ˾ʱʿ磬ͬʱҲǰ׼ʱָ£ҧסԶ˾Ϊ׵һѾ
ǰսУļ˾ǲˣҲ컯
ս˫ս
ȴ޼˶˾Щڱͱӵıߡ
һʱ䣬컯׷׳룬Ƕ˾ɱ߳ȴļѡ
ҲͬһɲǣµݵıѹһҶ֮˲ؼˡ
µˮºϷ΢΢Ѿ˲ϢӾʧ
Ҳˣ֮ǰ״˲غ۴ϸɱִ︫½裬յˡ
ɽܿʺ½սս
ɲɽһλ컯ʹ䣬ʱ֣뿪
˵׹⣬֮
ȣյŽľӢҶǾԲӷձ˳ɱģػԮ
ֻҪҶԮյˣʧȥκ׷ĻᣬضᱻҲ
Σ顣
ǰִƵǲ컯ӡ⵱У
Դʱһʱ񣬾һȣǻ顣
⻹ʱֻǸģȳĿԣǼСġ
ˣеŽȾٴγھ֮ڡ
һȣǺݺݵԪսĴܿةͱ
˲Ϣ䣬еĴ汾ֱӱ䣬죬ͱˣһȵõķѣԴݳ΢һʱ
ԶһĻĴ̫ܿ漧˲ر
ͬһɲǣɽϼɱ˴ڵ档
ȴûκεģֱӴԪ˲ϢԶݣԶݵͬʱŽӰôһ˲뿪֮С
ͬһɲǣҲݳ⡣
ոֵ湥ʦַյ˹Ҷ棬ȴһ

﹭£Ѫ˲ػɼʸɲǣɫĺ;ȥ˼˵棡
ͬʱҶ˫ĿĹ⼱ʱҶ߶˼¡
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ҲţΪ棬׼ġ
ɽ͵ԳΣ׹ӿ֣ոӿѪĳɫͺɽ
䣡
ؼѪȼ׹䣡
ľұУ֤֮ɽѪһΪ飡
ɽѣضɽҡؼ˲Ϣ죬ĩ
Ѿ˻ؾиѪ磬ϢˮйһҲ
֤֮飬Ȼڵ٣䣬˺Ϊ䣬ȴһġ
Ҳһɲǣոջתյµ棬ͬʱڿѪߡ
Žµ֤֮ͬʱ
ʱϼػźŽи֣ӿѵɽ
ѪȫתԼĴ֮鿪֤֮ɽµİ£ںһ
ؼҲ˲Ϣɢ׹¾ɽУɢظ
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ڣҶŹѪǰ
Уµ桢桢˲վһĿҶ棬Ȼ
ֻǱѪȾĺ룬µǵѪŽϵĽۣλʱ˿̿ȥǱ
ʱѾӿ̫漧нӹ˶ȸӡֶȸڿ̫漧ǰңλҶ棬ж֮⡣
ҶһˣԸλ棬λʱ״̬ҲκβҶ治˵ˣ˭ûƴ־ⳡ澳ǿ֮սʹͣ
׼ȷ˵һĴ½Ĺϼ̨֮սʹֹ
ĳˣֱӵ˸Ĵˡ
ˣ컯Զ˾Ϊ׵Ѿħ壬ͱˡ
Զԣͨ컯˵ĻǱȽ˳ΨԶ˾Ϊ׵ѾıȽϼѡ
ʥ˾ֳ鱦սȿ֮£ҲǸǵģ컯ҲסӲһӳѪ·
ۿžӳˣ˾鱦սȴ߶ҡ
ֻҪɱ죬ͿԻλչˣʥ֮С
ҲڴʱλңңŵҶ棬Ŀͻһ


3416 ȴʦԸ

зʽĽڣǰ赲·ӰײȥһȻӳ˾Ĳûκͣ١
սУֵܶģѾûһ֮С
Ȼֻһλոս컯֮£鱦ս֮ǰûһ֮С
սȼӶ̫ɵĽڼţٻ赲뿪һС
ڶ˾ǧļ˾ǽŲͣĸŶ˾
죬ֻҪŶ˾˾죬Ǿܹȥһоͽпܡ
ֻǣеڴһͻأĳڽ֮ǰӰǰΪУ
սȻӳĽӰھײ˼֮ص̫һ˲Ϣɢ
˾ͫ׶һʱŷ֣ǰبһӰɽ
ֻһۣ˾ͷһ޷Խ֮С
˾ʶȫӳе鱦սȣ޴̫𻯳ɵĽһһĺ˵ǰҶ档
ֻǣö˾ǡ
ҶֻվһҲδ߶֤֮ӡûд߶﹭ԹأֻǾվɶ˾Ľ
е̫𻯳ɵĽڣٵҶǰɷΧǰƾձԪؼ䡣
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Ϊѹ
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žԵѹƣ
ҶĿǰǷϣӵ鱦žԵѹƣ
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㶼ܹϧ۵һȻԾ¶˾
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Ȼ˾ϵһ㣬ʱ˿ۿ˾һĪķ߿Σ
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Ҷǿ
ǣ澳ǿ߶ġ
µǲҪĵ䷶Ҳٶ컯µ߳֡
ô˵أǶ컯µ֣߳һ˳ŹһӤ׶һ㣬ԴС˵ȥҲǲá
ʱ˿̣Ȩ֮£˾ʱѡпܻ뿪ķʽҶĵ¡
˾ܹΪܵĴʥ۹ս۹⣬ȴһһġ
ʱ˿̣ҲΪ˻ȥ
ûΪ˻ȥ
ҪΪ˻ȥҲΪ˻óҲᰵͶµ棡
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˾һѾ׷ѧҶ
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˵Ŀ֮£Ҷ棬޷׵ġ
Զ˾˵ǣҶȴǷһߡ
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İУļ˾Ѿ˷ǳ޵İΧסﱳߡ
˾ǳ鶯ţȻپûг׾
Ҷ棬ҳϣҶһԹԴˣϴҶ滹δ֤֮ǰ顣
ҶȻ֤Ҷ˲С˹ĹǶһ⣬һ·
˾̬ŵĺܵ͡
ңҲ׼Ψһ·
ĿǰλʵۣʱҶƵġ
ôΨһܹԼҶģظٳ
ҲǴ壡

˾˼ҶǶۻ
״̬£˾ȷġ
澳ǿ߲ܹݵĲַ֮£ҲԼ֮һ
ȻΥҲûʲô󰭣Ͳ̫ˡ
ϧǣʱգ˾ȴȫ̡
˾㣬Ǳһ׮ɶԹҪһҶö˾˲ؾʲôɫɷɷ׵ġ
ʱõһҪʦУеҰİĻ˧ʦУܶࡣ
ԣ㣬ȴʦҰİĶԹҶ˵ġ


3417 Ϊĺ֮
֮ǰ㶫˾ħս֮ʱʦҰİ£ѫ˻ʴ͵Ļ˧֮ѫ
ֻʦҰİĵĻͨıã㴦ԴѹʦҰİ
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ڴ֮ǰʵҸҶֱ֣ѾҶҰİϵ
ʱ򣬶ҲҶõδõĵĻ
Ļ˧ĵĻһִ߶ƻķţõĺõ£߶ͬȴҪǶҵطǿϡ
طͨܲı
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һҶԾ󻼣ϧ˾ļı㶼ܴɲ˵öʧء
֪мգ궫˾ƴ治ҪҲҪҶٴΡ
ϧ˵һжˡ
Ҷ浱ڽҿһζԹ˾֪֮ǰԴҶĵλΪǣҶ뷨ˡ
νʦͽ縸ӣʦ֮ԸԹ͸Ѫ֮ûʲô
䣬ʲôλֻҪԱѪ֮壬նɱһˣҲûκܹ顣
ظٳ
ο˾˾ĳ̶ֳ϶ԣͽ
һ˲䣬˾;ˡ
Ƕ˾Ĵʥ־֮ͼֱ
ֻ˼һ£˾ٴҶ棬ʦҰİȷʵйԹҲȫʦ˵
ҵִƴͷˣɶУҶţɷһľɵ
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ϧǣ˾Ҷ档
֮ǰľ£ѾɢȥǷйۡҶĿ磬ɫ¾شҶԺɳ΢
ҶֻǴʦҰİԸѡ
˵ոշɳ¾طҶǰҶָϣһŻظת
ԣ˾ɫر԰ޱȡ
ȻǴʦԸҵֻõĻ˧ʦҵͨطҶ˵
⻰˾һϲͲƿڴĻ۸ˡ
ֻõҰİڵֱͨ
ýͬһͨնʮ˰ˣڽʥȴ޵еģ
ҰİֻͨǽҶĵľ磬ȴǳֽǸʥ
ڽʥУָҲɱˣ
ֻǣȶ˾˵ʲôҶĵɫ¾ͷ˶˾
ʦ¾ר꣬Ī⣡Ҷ
˾ԴУӡ
θոһҶ߶¾͵ع⻪ǣס˶˾һռ䡣
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Ϊ¾ƣ񣬲ж˾ڵⷬģ
˵ʦشͨطĻɽ
ҶٴɲǣһŸתĻѾеĶ˾˲Ϣͱ˶˾
綫˾룬Ҷľ裬˵õҰİĴطһ⣬Ҳɱˡ
ţ۸Ҫ
˾Դֵɲǣͱ¾ɫҫ˲Ϣ䣬˾Դͬѩһڡ
ʧȥˣ鱦սȰһߡ
ֻǣߣҶָ̽ͷ·廨һס˴սȣôս޷ֺ
޹У˵µ桢桢濴һĻɫѿ
µ棬һšˮ
һֶһ鱦
һ鱦һλ컯ӵ컯ս
ϧǣ֮ǰտִƵ鱦Ҳˣʱսֶˡ
ҶǱŪˡ
䣬鱦ġ
ȱǵ棬Ҫһ鱦Ҳǧѡ
ϼ̨ϿգʦҰİĴط˾֮Ҷڸڶ˾ʱǰѾľ˿ˡ
¹ڣҶ½ķңңһݡ
ʦȴԸ֮УҲӢŴȥʦġ
Ҷ棬һһء
ؼ䣬һ΢ɲı仯
ո˶˾Դ¾֪ǲǴرȸԾХһ㷵Ҷ֮ڣҶľɫһСṦ򣬲Žİ
ʱϼ̨Ͽգٴκɱ졣
ǲҽС
Ǵļ˾ʹܾӣѾʼΧɱЩҶµļ˾Ѿ
ЩԼ˱ͱѾļ˾Ǻ޵˼£Ϊ
ԭж˾֣Ѿֵܹһᣬս˵ġ
Ƕ˾ҶɱʧȥĹǣûǿߵԴǿߴӳ£ֵܹ
ɱһ㣬ûãͱɱһա
ɱܿƽϢ
ڹϼ̨ڣ˵Ŀ⣬䵽Ҷϡ
ʱ˿̣ϼ̨澳ǿߣʣҶһˣȻ˵дڣҲǿȵ澳ǿߵĴڡ
ǣǰҶһ˶ս棬ɲ·磬˻ش棬Ǵս棬ܽս
սһԱȣҶ֮ʵ࣬ͺˡ
ʱ˿̴ڿ̫漧ǰȴһҲҶ棬ȸ²ָҶ档
ΪȻֻӵпȵս֮
ɸӣܹҪĻܴܹ˼ӳ֡˻ɣ伫Ĵڡ
֣ûκġ
λһ
˭նǾ͵նһִܹˣն𲿷ˣǻ֮١
˭
λ棬ȥսǿҶ棬
ԣһֻۣҪƴս̫漧Ҷȱǿսλ棬Ҳ޷նɱ̫ܿ漧
ڴĵ⣬Ҷ˿û⡣
־ĳ̶ֳڴ˻ʼġ
Ȼǰµ˵ˣĳƽٸǵģǴ̫ܿ漧
ͽǴ̫ܿ漧
ǣһܵ˵ʲôʲô
ΪʦǱȻҶȴҲһʱѡ⡣
ʱ˿̣ҶҪǿ´̫ܿ漧ȻһѪս
Ҷ棬ԴҲֻ˶ɱ⽫սѶƾ
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½ݼ⣬һŵʦ㣬½Ůһǳ½ɷ
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ԣĿǰԣҶ뽫̫漧һš
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һǰսʱȻ֪Ĺ컯ͥӡйϵʱ컯ͥӡС
飬ȭͷ
ڣȭͷģҪҶˡ
˵Ŀ⣬ٴξҶϡ
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ҶĿ⻺ӷʦֺܡʦ½һһɨգ䵽˴̫ܿ漧ϡ
ǵôһŲѡ
Ҷ溷Ȼ֣Ӧԣ
˻ʣһѯ˻ʵش𣿡Ҷʵȴ˾졣
̫ܿ漧Ϊ˶ʧѪɫҧһ£ǵ˵ͷɡ
һԣʦ½ҧ촽ýޱȡ
ΨʦֺһĿŻоβͿɽ蹵Ĳл꣬˿Ρ
˻ʣǷ㽫ƽ½й¶λ棬ƽ̱䣿Ҷֺλʵļ
ʦ½Ŀ⣬ʱ˿ѾĶ˿̫漧ϡ
ǿһ½裬½Ŀһײܣ̧ͷҶ٣ȷʵй¶ģԱϣԳЦ
һʦ½˼Σָҡҡ׹ʦׯȴǼæӹȥסʦ½衣
½ĶŴ̫ܿ漧һĿ絶ŭһȴຣ˲ʹָ
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ζû뵽˾Ȼǳٵͽ
½ʱѰͽֱ˳˯Ҳûҳ
ӳ˯Ѱͽ߶Ȼʦܺʧٵʦܡ
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֮ǰµָͽʱ½軹Щŵġ
˵Ļɲš
ڣƽʦܵѯ£Լ׿ڳˣʲôŵġ
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Ψһģʦׯļ
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ʱ˿̣ٵ̫ˡ
ʱ˿̣ԴʦַΪ׵ŵλҲ˫ĿĶżʱ˿ֻ̣ҪҶƽʦһ£Ǿܹ򼧰ȫԸ
˰죬ʦ½ٵˣȻǼ
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Ϊ½״ӵŮ½϶֪½ٵģԼĵҪΪ֮¾ܹ½õ½١
Ҳ½ʱŭʹֺԼĸԭ
ҶҲȻޱȣɷ
ˣ
д̫ܿ漧仰͹ˣ
ʱ˿̣˵ĿⶼҶ棬һĽš
Ϊ᲻ᷢսҶ
ΪΣͻȻ䣬һֱžβͿɽ蹲лͻʵ
ԣǸһ˿ȻûпڣĿȴ˷̳Ͽյķ
˼
Ϊ˷
Ϊִ񣬳ɾ
Ҫ˻ʣҪ½ƻҪｨ컯ͥ
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һۿʦֺܣʦ½裬ֻǴʦַյˣԭί
ʦֺЦһע»ת˻оβͿɽ蹵Ĳл֮ϣյǿҶ档
սˣҪȫƽʦܵľˡ
ͬһɲǣܲдĿҲҶ档
һɲǣܵ۹δˣѾҶ֣֮


3418 ȥ
ʦƽ½һ׮й¶ʦ١ʦ׮Уһݡ
˴˻ʣϵ£¹Ϊ˵ƣ׮վҸãʱ㡣
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һɲǣҶʹ˴̫ܿ漧ǧͷ
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컯ͥӡҲ컯ӡܵʲôʱҶˣ
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ҶԺ˵΢ҵ˻ؼҵ·⻪ţҶ档
ȴǧ߷Ĵ˻裬һʱ޷ҶС
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ܵǧ䣬ļ˾ǣȴڻƽָ£˵ͬţɨսʰĲо֡
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ةͱն䡣
һսʧˣ
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ħδѾ޷Դκвˡ
ħڵĵһĿ꣬棡
ʧأ
ʥ֮ɽɽȫ䣬ѱ䣡
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һȫս˳ϣȫ
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ҶͷҲʡ
ҶҲ֪ʦֺܸʦ½赽ô£
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λʦ֡ʦ㣬ʦֵܣʱʮ꣬ؾһ𣬲һȻɽţؽһ¡Ҷ
ƣ
ƣ
ƽʦּܷ
յ˻Ӧ֮࣬ʱ½裬Ҳ˰ʦׯһ˻תڡ
ڵĿ⣬㶼ʦֺϡ
ҲһɲǣʦֺһֱƴȫƵľβͿɽ蹵Ĳл꣬һ˿仯


3419 ˼
βͿɽ蹵̫ˡ
״Ѿտ͵Ϯ̫׹л֮£ܱһ˿л꣬Ѿˡ
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ͨܣʱ˿̣ҲֻĿžβͿɽ蹵ǵлεεı顣
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ȴô֪ˡ
޷ħ尲ųһδħ并Ӳдȴûκ⡣
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ˣҶٲҪٴδз
ЦУҶ̤ڣոջתûõĴʦַյ˾ӭ˳


3420 
ɽƽɽڡ
ʦ½Դӻ֮󣬾Ͳһԣ֮ˮ޷Խ⡣
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Ϊְ
ʦֺûֳ꣬컯ǰ;֤컯
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ԭһɽʦ½ʮΪڡ
ʮɽ۹
ǣɽλʦֵܵУֻʦˡ
ʦ½ʦֺܶûл
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˷گɴʦַԣҵ˶ˡ
Ȼ󣬾֪ԭί
ӣȻǸҵһ롣
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ʦֺȴͿɽ죬Ϳɽҵ鱦ᦡ
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Ϊʦ½ܵΪԼĵǵĵ°Ѱѹء
Ի鼧Ϳɽ蹡
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½ӷ컯뷲ٴε鼧Ϳɽ蹡
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һǳͷԵĲçӢۣûʦ½衣
ҵʱʦ½ҲΪڼߵġ
ڵʱϲ½ġ
Ȼĵģֲаħظ֮Ůϲ½Ȼᷴԡ
Ե½ľ֮֮Եͺá
ĳɳ½ûвֵģ˼ɳΪһŵı԰
Ǻ󻰡
ʱģͿɽ蹡
뺫ܽʮ꣬Ϳɽ蹾ʹβͻƳΪ˰βһ㣬ľβ
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ν;ͬ顣
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Ŀļпǻ˺ܣ
ڽʶͿɽ֮ǰ䣬ս޲ʤ
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ǽʶͿɽ֮󣬹Сһһʮսֻսʤ
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мսں޷תơ
ССһһʮսһһʮսΪͿɽ蹵ĸԭ
һʮ䣬Ϳɽ蹴βββһ֮ңõ鱦ᦡ
ǺأΪͣͲǰ˵꣬ǰˣľҲòԲˡ
½˵Դʦַյ˵۹պĿǰ״̬˵պ̳ʦ½²ɾ͵棬ǳΪ컯ûκϣ
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٣½Ȼģ
࣬½ջǾȥҵʱİβͿɽ̸һ̸
βͿɽ蹵ʱҲ컯۷Ϊڵ½ǰѹʲôǡ
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½ǷȥͿɽ蹣ͿɽȴһҲԼ뺫氮ûùܡ
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ڼ䣬ʦ½ȷһ¡ͿɽԻĵӺһ£˿ָʹ
ָʹˣǱˣµ޹飡
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½벻ʧȥİĵӣԼصĵǱԶս١
˼֮½ӷաһ취

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ֻҪǻָҲͲʲôˡ
Ϳɽ蹣ıӣڸģֻ˵ˣ
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ܲǱˣһӵĻɵķһ۾ͿԿ
˼ȥ½Ϊ˻ѾȻغܣҵŮҲʦ½ϡ
ܵļƻ½ʩչͨţͿɽ蹣½ѧϰ˽Ϳɽ蹡
½Գ֣Ϳɽ蹽ųɾŵļȡ˳Ը֮ǰľȫ½
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ոյõ鱦ڣҲˡ
£˵ֶμ
ʱ½Ҳûѡ
º½ʱӳ£½ɱͿɽ蹡
ͼˡ
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һԾҪøĻȥֲ
½޷ȷͿɽںĿжأҲֺ֪󣬺ܻǺַӦ
Ψһģʧ
ԭ½롢յ˵ļƻͿɽ蹻ڽĳһδսĳһаħս䡣
Ȼ󣬺ȥ¶˽ˡ
½Ǳȴֳˡ
ʱֵ̫ܿ漧ս£ͿɽִᦣķΪԺġ
½Ϳɽ蹵ԼҪ½ֲԸʹͿɽ䡣
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һŪ¶͸
½Ŀ£ͿɽͻƳΪ˾βͿɽ蹣֣쵼ߡ
ͬʱҲ˴̫ܿ漧ʵѣֱһͳģ
ʦܺܡʦ½衢βͿɽ֮ĸӹ¡˵ţʦַʹһƣ鸴ӣ
Ҷһ룬ʦ֣и⣬ĿǰʦȻ֪βʦʵôʦǺʱ֪µģ
ʦǰʦ
ʦǰûпʦޣΪͿɽ蹱뼧һʦ𣿡
Ҷ⣬ôʦַյ˵飬˲Ϣ÷ǳѿ


3421 ʦֵ
ʦֺǺʱ֪βͿɽ蹱Ƴģ
ʦ½ǰ

᲻˶ԩޣ
ʦ½뱻λɹԵڴ̫ܿ漧й¶٣ô⵱УʦֺܰʲôĽɫ
ûгʦأ
Ϊαʦֺܳ
⵱Уʲôأ
Ҷ⣬ڳλʦʦûһܹش
ֻ˵Ƕпܣ
ʦֺܵİʦׯʱҲȷû˶Թޣ
վʦ½ĽǶϣһжΪ˺ܺá
ʵ֤βͿɽȷʵı֮ġ
½뵱ʱôʦַʦҲ飬ʵΪ˱ʦͽֻ꣬˵һ¡ΪͿɽҪܣԲͿɽ蹡
˶⣬Ǿųɾŵˣһ½ĺãĶԡ
ǣϣӵġ
˭Ҳ֪ôġ
һʱ䣬Ҷ⣬ôձó
ҪΪʦ½븴ţʰ˵ֺ͵˾ͺá
λ棬ֻһ֡ս
Ǵ̫ܿ漧ʦֺܣ漰ѷģ¶ЩѰ졣
ƽʦܣû飬ǵʦܵһʣʦӦò˵ѵģ㵣еġʦַ˵
šҶ˵ͷ
ƽʦܣ֮йؽѸһ£񣬻ƽʦᣬǺ׼
˵ʦַնһ£⣬ʦƷ컯ͥһºȥδӣʦܻǼĺãϾ֮ͥӹã䡣ʦַЩġ
ϳ֮ԣҶ浱ܡ
лʦѡҶл
¶ȷʵҪ綨
ʦַȻû˵ȴѾ˵Ĳˡ
䣿
䣬ܹвҶı仯ֻһԸҶ档
ϸһ룬ֿԻС
̫ܿ漧Ϊ˳׵׺ģԼɶԳΪʲôܸأ
κ沩Уûĵˣֻ棡
һ֣Ҷ鷳ԲС
ʦַҲ£Ҷһ񣬡Ҫǵĵطƽʦܾܰ·ּǣвӡ
ͬʱʦ졢ʦߡʦīʦׯͬʱƽʦܵвӡ
ˣʦܾлλʦʦ㰮ˡ˵꣬ҶĿͻһ׿ɽա
ֻҶһʦַաʦ졢ʦߡʦīʦׯҲͬʱ׿ɽգĿȻ
ʦˣׯЩӣЩӦ˺ͻأϢ޷²⺫ܽĿġ
ʦܡʦַüͷ塣
ܴ鱯˶ȥŰ칦ȴڣҪʲô
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ϾҲŵѵõʢ¡
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ȷʵѵõʢ£ʧپѶ⣬״ӣǾˡ
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ʱʦֺܣһı⡣
ӭʦֵǣչһ
ٿʦַմһʦֵʦƽ֮Ȼܾþ꣬ʱزҲЩ硣
λʦ֡ʦãΥˡ
һ仰˵ͷãյ˵ʲôȴֲ֪Ӻ˵
գҶ濪ڵʦ֣룬𡣡
һعڽʱʦֺҼϢ
Ϊĵ
ŵ꽲֮ء
Ȼֻ˵Ȼȫǣ
һۿŵ½ʦλãȴĬȻ
˭֪ʱ˿Ӧοڡ
տڵֻҶ档
ʦִضҪ£ʦֱԣŵӣֱԲ䣬ʦѵҶ˵
ʦѵ֣ʦֺüͷ΢΢һ
Ҳдǻ۵ˣҶ⻰Ȼ˵ֱӣ˼ȴѾ˼֡
λƽʦܣȻʲô
纫˼ҶʵȻһ㷽
ûǡҲ֮㷽棬Ҷ治˵㡣
ǵܳҶǰʱҶϿȷΪʲô
βͿɽ蹡
ӦΪ˾βͿɽ蹵Ĳл꣡
ƽʦܣǰƽʦһ¡һڣʦַաʦׯ
ƽʦܡƺĳ̶ֳ϶Ѿ˺ܵ
ƺϣԿܻǰԼŵĵӡ
˶жϣƲ⣬źõķġ
ʦ뽲ܣؽ߾ȫҶӦĺʹ졣
ˣлƽʦˡ
˵䣬ľ͸һ쵵ĹţУһСӰ˯ȥɰ
һ֣ȴôʦַաʦɫ䡣
չ黹Ϊ˾βͿɽ蹶
ǷŲͿɽ蹡
ǲִţͷǲԹкޡ
ˣһнпܣ
ƽʦܣʱ֮ˣʦ飬ƽʦܴ߶׷ʱա˵䣬ĿͿоβͿɽ蹵Ĳлꡣ
ˣܵײ
Ҷ֣׷ʱգһַʽβͿɽ蹡
ںԵ飬Ҳû˵
ǰʱ֮ܡ
ڽ⿪ĵھطӡռǰҶһֱΪһʱ򡢿ռͻΪ챦
ҶƵھطӡռ֮Ҷȴ֣ˡ
飬ӦһʱΪԻΪ챦
ҶƵھطӡռ֮ķ֡
׼ȷһ˵һ亱ʱ챦
Ҷʩչʱͨʱһ̶ϼǿҶʩչʱͨܡ
ҲҶڲŷֵġ
Ŀǰԣ磬йʱ챦һ
ǵµ桢桢Χɱʦ½롢½Ӷݵ£ģǿзӡԭ
磬Ψһһʱ챦
ʵڣҲƵʱͬؾһ£Ź졣
ֻǣʱڲ̶ġ
޷һڲԸıʱ򣬸ڳ׽Ҷʩչʱܡ
ҶǰΪ֤ͻ֮󣬾һƵĵھؿռӡݡ
ûһ
ǰƵޱѵռӡݵһأҶͻ֮־Ƶˡ
ֱʱ顣
ǸʱҶѾûжϲջˡ
ʵǰؿռӡƵʱ򣬲Ҷϲջʱ
ǰҶȡʱó˵ĵķ컯ͥӡƬǵƵھؿռӡݵ顣
ʱ˵Ҳǻǿʱԡ
һʦַյ˾ǿҶ档
ʱͨĪ⡣
Եģмֿܡ
ʦֺĿǽĶҶ棬һڴڴҶĴ𰸡
½Դ֮󣬺ܾͷ˴½ԴеľβͿɽ蹵Ĳлꡣ
Ʋл꣬½ľβͿɽ蹵Ϣ
ЩΪһ壬½Դ飬˾βͿɽ蹴ΨһһƲлꡣ
ܿģܾͷ֣ͿɽһƲл꣬Ҳ޷ôò˶þͻ᳹ɢ˼ȥֻ뵽
Ψʱ׷ͨпܸľβͿɽ蹴һ


3422 ʮ
ʦֺĿĶҶ棬λֱʱȴڴǻ֣̿
ʱ׷ͨȻصľβͿɽ蹵Ψһʽ
ʮ⵱еѴ
ԣͨʱ򡢲ֳʱ챦Ҷ棬ͳ˺ܵΨһϣ
ҲΪԭ򣬺ܲҶǰ
ʱ˿ֽ̣ţʧȥһ˿ϣ
Ҷܴܲʱ顣
˵Ǹͬܡ
Ҷ浱׷Ѱʱһģһģй֮޲
ֻ𰸣ȴҶ˿ǧ޷ڣ
ʮ꣡
βͿɽ蹱ʮǰ飬Ҷ潫ʱһ׷ʮ꣬ѹܣ
ʮ飬Ѿǹ׶ۣ˭޷ı䣡
Ҷʹ˻شʦֺܣʦֺڴĿ⣬ȴҶ޷ڡ
ֻ£ҶչҪһ𰸡
ʺʦ֣ǴҪʮǰľβҪʲôҶ濪ڣȴѯʡ
չ飬Ҷ޷һǰ̵ֱĨɱܵϣ
Ҷ⣬úиһ˿Ȼڴ

ܻҡҡͷҲûôֻ࣬пܵĻм⣬뵱
˵ҶͷȻȻ
ҪʾβͿɽ蹵⣬ʵҲôˣҲǺܵĽѡ
ʦ֣Ǹʮʱ׷ݣҲû
οʮǰ£ʦλԳ֣شһ㣬ܸġҶȻ
ܲȻûʲô仯
ʵҲԤϵģֻǱ֮ôһϣǰģڣϣȴǳˣ

̾һܱеͿɽ蹵ǵл꣬ʧǵ뿪
ʧǣһΪֻһٲ¾͹⻪ţ˲ڿա
յ˾ĬȻ
ϣ޷ֻ֣ܿš
ʦ֣֪ʲô֪ĵ࣬ʦҵһ顣Ҷظ
ʧߵĺͻһ٣תҶ棬ʦԡ
ʦ֣ˡð㻳еľβͿɽ蹵ǵл꣬ò˶ãͻ᳹ء
ʵǺʦ֪ʲôͿɽ蹵ĲлϸܵõʲôҶ˵
ЩãȻĿһۻеľβͿɽ蹵Ĳл꣬Ҷ飬ôġ
ûֻǽһٵòٵĲл꣬ҪҵҪĴ𰸵Ŀԣ̫ˣ
ʦ֣Ȼл꣬û١˾βͿɽһ鱦ᦻڡ
ʣѯ鱦ᦵ飬ȻӲлһһ֤񣡡Ҷѵ
һʦֺ鶸Ϊ֮һ
νºڣԼˡ
ʦֺȫھβͿɽĲл֮ϣȫⷽ˼취ѹû鱦¡
νԣԹ塣
Ҷһѣʱˡ
֪Ǽ⣬鱦ᦵܹ𰸡
ٴβͿɽ蹲лϢӡǣҲͲˡ
Ȼ뵱ѯʾβͿɽв࣬ǣܸоʮҳһ𰸣Ҳˣ
лҶʦܣ
˴𰸾˷
˷ʦֺ˲ؾͻָʡ
ʦ֣һ侲ң⣬£Ҳʦֻһο˵
ãʦҪãȻʵ棬еɵҲԸʦһۡʦַ˵
£΢΢һ䡣
ʦᣬ˵
ƺڻ䣬Ϣ֮󣬵˵ͷˣʦˡ

ʦֺܽ˾ңѯʿ֤£ҶʦַյˣҲʱ佫ؽһµϸ顣
ĵȫҪ֪ᵽҪ»ӡ
ڲڷֱҲҪʹȡ
ҶҲȫȻָʦ½뵱žò
ܹ֯ɢ
ҶȻҪĽ
˵ҶȻƽ̣һ֮ڲȻ滮ִⶼҪǰúá
ܵĽںļٵС
ҵǣλʦʦ˥ʮķ˼Ѿá
ţǿǿڲȷʵ⡣
£ȫ֧ҶĶڲĸĸʱʱ顣
Ҷοѡ
Լ֪ܶ¡
պΣҶȴƶϱ֤ŵԽԡ
ִһ¡
Ҷȴûʦַյ顣
Ҷľ̸ʱδԻִ
ʱִˮ֮¡
ʱҶͷȻá
δڲĸ˸ո鶨ûãҶ桢ա졢ߡīׯˣͻȻͬʱ֮ǰܽľңڣ
ڣ档
ԭǻĿӽҵģΪ˻ǰ;
ʦûдʦҲΪ˾ңҡ
ֻǣ蹶Ҳûд蹶ҲİҵģΪȴȲѣ
Ȼ䣬Ǽͱų֣
෨Ȼ飬ʦֺܴӾ̤
ܵϹۣǲȴɣϵĲȻʹ࣬Ȼʧ
աҶӭȥʦ֣ãҶʵ
ʦֺԣҶ֣صĳҾһ
Ľᣬڽɢȥʼ˵
ϲʦˡ
ϲʦˡ
ϲʦܣ
һƬɫ䣬һһͬʦֵּܹĿȴҶϡ
ƽʦܣΪʦ𱨳Ѫ֮£ıܺʵֻʻ䣬Ѿ޹ķ
ܵ˼ײĽѽ⣬˽Թ
Ҷ濴һʦֺܣһ֮ѵλ֣ڴǱߡ
Ȼȷϴ̫ܿ漧ǵ½ͽҶܵĺֹˡ
˵Ҷ滹ܵλǱߡ
ԣܶһҵΪƽʦܼһ
ãлʦ֡
Ӧõġܵİ˰֡
տ˿ܣֿ˿Ҷ棬Щԥʦܹһƽʦٽһ鱦൱Ϊƽһ
ʦַջδ䣬ʦ½ʹɽеһ侲̤ޱ飬޷һ
ã
ʦֺܸߺһȻʦ֣ʦãλʦʦãƽʦܣʮδۣչıһɱ޹Σ
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ãıһ
ͻȻ䣬δĵڣǰδе
ʮŵٴؾһãȱһʧѾõʦһƽСʦҶ棡


3423 
ĵڣλʦֵϯȵʹ촦ֱůƳɵľ룬ֱ̳
ʱ˿̣ʮؾ۵ŵʦֵܣǺȲǵģȵģֻһ顣
Ҿɢ븹ڵģŨҵľ
Ľᡣ
һʮĽž븹㶼ͷ
Ҿƹ
Ľᵱ
ʦ֣֪ʦֵ䣬ô꣬Ҳû䣬ƽʦҲûҵʦ֡¾̳ΪҾʪİʦׯؿڣһʳͷ²⡣
ʦ֣
ʦֺб⸡֣ͻؽеľ̳㣬Һ¡
һ̳Ҿʦ֣
һׯա졢ߡ½衢īҶڣɫ㶼һ䡣
Ϊʦֺܴ˾٣˵һ¡ʦѾˡ
ҪȻҲ˵
һʦֵĬȻ׷׾еľ̳ʦַո˵壬һ·ߺã
˵꣬ʦַտʦֺܣʦܣ֪ʦ˭֣֮
Χɱʦֺ˵
ԣĬȻҲһ
ƽʦҶնɱҲΪʦ˳
λʦʦҲ̫ģʦǵصģʱѾ׼Ҳд¡ʦֺܺ˵
һһʦֵܾǴϲ
ʦȻˣд£Ҳһϲ¡
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ʦֺûлشֻǽĿ⿴Ҷ档
ҶȻЩԡ
ʦֵҲһͷˮʦַȴüͷһͻȻ뵽ʲô
ʦܵĴƽʦйأ
йأ
ʦֺܵ˵ͷλʦʦ㣬ʦͨʲô

Ψһ
ֻӽ
ա졢ׯ˵Ĵ𰸲ͬȴһ˼
شҶͷͻһ²⣬ɫһ䣬ͳʦֺʵʦ֣ѵǱ֤֮ԭ
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3424 
һ޴ڵĽ𽣣յɲǣͳǰһ棬
Ӧ죬ҺʹŻӦ顣
״ӭɲǣŭ߳£Ƿʲô
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ݣʤˣʱҲǲʤҪ޴۵Ĳʤ
ԣǲԸݵġ
Ǻαأֻһѡ̾Ϣ
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3426 ͵ĺ
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˳Ŵǰʩչʱ׷ͨ׷õټҶڻŲͥһ
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Ҷһɽɽ¡
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ڣһ߰Ĵݰ׵СУﰲ
µšڵĳɫһ˿


3427 䣬Ϊ
ǰĳ޵Саѩѩݰף΢գһҲ
ҶϢĳڴſڣעСУվעţҲһҲ
Ҷ治Слδ
ɽ紵Сڵĳɫ
ҶɲֻͻعһĨЦ⣬ЦУȴŨŨĳ
СоǱ۾һ㣬ҲҶǹŨŨ֮ɫҲס
һ֮̾Скתһȴ˴
µ
ҶѣοϾɱ
̶ȣβһԵԴСкֳһɫ
Ҷ沢ӻǵĳ֮ŨµСеĿУǱӡ
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µ棬Ȼ̰˳̶ȡ
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µܵҶŨŨı֮ɫСпӺǵͨ졣
ȻսܣҲҪƤġ
꣬Ҹʦ½һԵȻٲһ
ʦһȻٲԵ
ͷΪħֶĺһԵͲнգ
˵Ҷһ߳ɻ
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ӡµĻֶһ⣬ҲôеϢ޷ӷֺ
﹭΢ڲ࣬κ©֮㣬Ӳ﹭׷
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Ҷ淢һߣ﹭΢ʱͽµһ㱾Դķ飡
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ʦֺܣҶ֣ƽʦܣһ»Ҫƽʦ֪
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ﳤУһֻβСӰ֣ſ˫ۣӭ˼ĺĴ¡
һɲǣײһؼһƬžһĹ⻪ײĵ㡢Ҳסķ򱬷
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3428 Ʋ
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ŵϡ
οҶ޵Ĵ֮˵ԣֽ٣Ҷؾȣ
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ʱſڣʦַաʦ졢ʦߡʦ½衢ʦīʦׯΪʦֺ䣬汾пѣȴû뿪عݹأЩɻ
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Ҷ仰÷ա½üͷ΢΢һ塣
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˵꣬½ֲһ䣬ֻȴ
ԣҶЦʦģزù
ЦУҶ澶ֱ
ҶȥʱӭҶһ㣬ĴŻ
ҶӰ˲Ϣûڡ


3429 
ڣƺѾ֪ҶѾ˾飬ڵȴҶ档
ΪĹԭ򣬲õĽΪ£̲ݳ𣬴ҩ
쾲޵ľᣬȴһڣӰҡҷ涣ɾʤˡ
ոʧȴԪҶӭ˾ڡ
ڣŰҶոʧԪСķ裬ȻϢ
Ҷ沢ûмſڣ棬һ裬Ȼ̾꣬ʦϷͣҲλãȵģҲǼ衣
ǻ䣬˵Ԫ˲ˮһڣ꣬浱УΨϷʦͶ
ｨ컯ͥһ£ҲϷ飬ϧŪš
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ĸпҶޱ飬ľȻ
ʦ½뵱Գϴˣû뵽ȴⷽ˴١
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һʮ֮õĴ֮Ѿֳʤգ˽ᡣҶ˵
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񣬿Ʋƺһ̶ֳȵȴڣֻһּڣڵң
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̾һҪϷʲôһͺá
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⡭

ԼĪ֮ҶŴҶʱˮȴһΡ
ҶգӲһ֤֮Ϊ½ľӢȥ飬ʮĻۼȥ
д䣬ȴδڣվλҪõĶࡣ
Ҷ֮һĿǰĴȷʵͥĻҪԭǣµˣС
ħֵ˼飬µ档
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շ񣿡
һڶʦʦ㶼Щ˷ܣʦׯæʵƽʦܣʱ񣬽ʱη񣿡
ʱ񣿡
ҶĿһȴǿ˴ܵ۶صĻʹ򣬡⣬ָտɴ
Ҷ˼ײ걳ѲʦĴ̫ܿ漧Ҫã£ʦԹͥ
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ݸ⣬ʦ½ڵҲǵλȻüƲʦ½衣
ʱҶĿ⿴ʦ½裬˼
һʱ䣬һʦֵĿ㶼ʦ½衣


3430 ִ
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½ٵıߡ
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ҶĴʣ˻ʵıʼһġ
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۽Σʤչ黹Լˣ£˵ķɶҶԾʤޡ
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3431 ּķ
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ܿģں;ǿԼָöȻһһ顣
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ʦĿǰӦݣֻһСΣ֮ڳеİΰţںʵ
Űࡣҡҡͷʥּڣλܹɣǣµ۵ǻ֮άסĿǰľ棬ȴһ˵֧֣˵Ǳ̬
Ҵܻҵܳ棬ҲǱµİڡ
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ҪȻò˶ãܾͻֱݣҶоɵŸ١ȥҶ棬Ǻʲ˵
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֪ˣǾͲӦʦȥ
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ƽʦ壬λʦ壬ʦǰһ⣬Թ⻪˸ʱλʦ塣ʦ½ǰЩյһеһ
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ڼԣֻ棬һ濪۵ݡ
Ҳʦ½Ըڣìڣ
ΣȴԶ½ĿǸС绢Ӣۡ

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ƽʦ棬ԭةŸ١ԭ׼ࡢ˾ƽʦ档
ƽʦ棬һϸˣԳǻԭ˾ƽʦ渺


3432 ڷף֣
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һĳҶ濴½磬ȴЩп
ʵҶĴ㣬Ǹʦ½һ֮λλĻҶҲһ֮λ
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Уϸϸ
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ЩϲӢۺܡΪǱΪԿħӢ۾ͷλ̲סı
ȻĴ½٣ЩˣԺηз뷡
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ǽˣҶЦݸ֣˲ϢִӸ߸ϵĵɷˣЦеӭȥԶԶģҶ׿һԾ뻳
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