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߽
ߣҶ֮

ݼ飺
Ƭ嫵Ĵ½߱ǽ˵ǿ߿ԷأƲ񷣬սϾ졣
ҪΪߣͱӵ꣡
ҶһĹֱԽ磬ƾ츳ʮʱﵽ˾ϧ˺һЦȻû꣡
Ȼһ֮õϹʦĽֲᣬʣûꣿɱ˵ꡣ


һ 


1 
ҶҴ壬ںպׯ֮һ
նɲһ˿峿֮ڿҶҴѾʼˣͯҲڸĸĴߴ£ʼһĳ
ڴ嶫ƬյϣһȺСһĺӣƤֲ׳ߺ£гʮĶ飬һٶˡ
糿ůЩӵϣһ۵ףԼĳ
ҪΪһǿߣҪС̿ˣǲܳΪߵģҳΪߣҲ̫ĳɾ͡
һӴƤֲ׳߹Щǰ˫֣ϬĿɨȺӣȻ˵
ҶҴ޶ӵĶӳҲǴﺢǵɵʦҶ档
Ƕͨͨũˣ︻ӵС鵤ҩ塣ҪΪһǿߣҪͷأ̿ѵ壬ΨһķûУ
ҶĿɨȺӣŵúһæһغˣ
ܺãʼѵҶص˵ͷʣµѵԱƤֲ׳ΪҶҴ޶ӵĶӳÿ춼ҪŴֽɽȥɱޣʳ
ݺݲСǣ͵ҶƤֲ׳˵
ӳģף׳ͬ
Ҷ˵ͷҪȥȴͻȻüͷ׳ɻ֮£˳Ŀתͷȥ
ֻﲻԶһŻƤȹ껺ů£Ե쳣۾ȴЩն񣬿ǳǷϡ
Ҷ죡׳ɫӣ겻ѣЩ̾ϢЩΡ
ˣȥѵɣҶջĿ⣬̾˿ȥ
ƣҶ磬˵Ǵĵһţʮʹﵽͽʮ۷徳硣
ţ㻹֪ɣλȥ峤￪ʼѣûķˡ
ûꣿҶⱲӶܳΪߣ
ҲǸǷ꣬ʱһͷӶ۷׷
ڸʲôأȥǲûһţȫŴʮȦ󺺴ȵ
ǳͷ漴ȾܣߺߺȺȵŴˡ
ҶҴĺúӣ
ǿ̿ѵŬҪΪǿߡ
Ǳܱ߳ӵС壬Ȥ
Ƿϵ̧ͷ߿һۣջĿ⣬۾ɿն
ߣǺǣŬΣû꣬վɲߣƣŴȥ
С죬ɽ޳û̫Զһںϴ·ĴҶ壬ĵѵ
Ҷûлش𣬼ǰȥ
⺢ӡ״̾˿漴ҡͷõްҪû꣬һܹΪǿߣ˵ܴ߳ƧСӡ
ǰ꣬ݴ½ֻӵܳΪһǿߣǿʳĴ½ȥӵݺ͵λ𾴡

ҶҴ岻ԶһٲҶ쳣ڴ˾˼ΪĵһţһĬԣŬ֮⣬ٺʹͬһˣ
ٲҶΨһߵĶ
꣡
Ϊʲôûꣿ
죬Ȼ磬ΪҳΪһˣ

һʣҶڵϣٲԺлʮһһΡ
û֪ʮУصһʮꡣ
ʵҶ첢ˣ˵ǰˣǰһԶʮһ͵ĵˣһǻĹһֲսʿ
ǰҶִһʱΪڻѳ룬ʧȥ˫ȣΪһˡ
ΪһֲսʿҶӵмǿ־ͬΪһǿߣܲԼΪ˵ʵѡ
ȻȴǸһЦʶ֮ȴԼԽݴ½һͬҶĺӡ
ҶӸĸھ磬Щģ˽⡣
ݴ½ޱߣٶҶҴ˵ġ
ƬĴ½ûеǰ˵ĿƼҲûкħôƬеĶħûжԶеߡ
ֻߣǿߣ
Ƭ½ֻгΪߣӵһУƸλŮȣΪ
ҪΪһߣһҪӵꡣ
ߵĸݴ½ʷϣֹֻ½ϵӵе꣬Ҳеһ֡
ɫֱǳȻϣԣҲΪɫꡢɫꡢɫꡭ
굱Уɫɫǿ
һ˵һУ츳ȼԽߣ츳ԽǿٶԽ죬ΪǿߵļʱԽ
ݴ½У󲿷˶ӵܹ꣬ΪߡҲٲû꣬ΪˣܳΪߡ
Ҷ죬һˡ
ҶҴ壬ǴСҪ̿ѵ壬Ϊֻǿ壬ܳǿ꣬Ψӵǿ꣬ܳΪǿߡ
ڳΪ֮ǰе߶ΪͽͽʮǶ壬Ϊ׼
ͽʮ۷ʱ߿ѡ꣬һʮڵ꣬Ӷ壬Ϊһߡ
Ȼû꣬ôǲӲܳΪߡ
Ҷǰ꣬С֮⣬ǰΪֱļǿ־ԼֶķгԽͬ˵ǻۣʹСͱֳԽͬ亢Ӽʮ츳ʮʱѾɹﵽͽʮ۷壬ΪҶҴĵһš
Ҫ֪ݴ½ϵձǿ󣬻ԵʣƬ½࣬һ㶼ܻһʮҡ
ʮҶ죬ŲһӣҶҴܹﵽʱٶǶʮꡣ
ɴ˿ɼҶ츳ǶôˣǱǼĵһš
ûĻȵҶ֮ƾ˵ǻǿ־㲻ܳΪһµǿߣҪԽ峤Ŵ߳ƬƧĵطǿԵġ
Ȼһжӵ£û꣬ʲôġ
죬ڴﵽͽʮ۷Ҷ죬˷ܵȥ峤ѣûκβ峤̾ϢһźҶûꡣ
ʱҶ·оƵģ˲Ǽǿ־֧˵ͬǰһѡ



гʹ࣬Ҷվھʯ棬ǰٲţƺеķŭ벻ʡ
Ȼһϸ΢ġɳɳҶһ裬͵ش£Լٶȣھʯ档
Ͼһֱִﵽ۷ľԻеģټЩĶһҲǰ٣ǰǿ
Ҫ֪˵ձǰĵǿҶȻû꣬ܳΪߣǿȣȴǱǰǿ̫ˡ
˵Ҷʵ㲻ߡ
ǣԴʱҶ쿴峤һȭպɱһͷǿʱ¶һҪΪˡ
ݴ½ǿ߿ժ£ܹ̤նУͬе
ʣҶܹģ
ϧû꣡


2 ׻й
𣡡
ҶѸٶ㵽ʯ֮һŭּһ̣ȻҶǰ
ͷ޴ޣһͷǾʮ׳ˮͰô֣ϲɫƬһͷһֻͨɫľ޻ִ֫Ѫеݣôޱȣ˸źĹâ
ԶԶһۣҶ춼оֻǿɢӴϢֽϢĸо
ǿʦϵޣ
Ҷаʮ۷Ĵ峤֣ȻҲǳǿ󣬵ȴԶԶȲͷеκһ
Ȼͷ޵ĵȼѾԽ˴峤峤ʮ۷壬ôͷ޾ʦϵġ
ݴ½ϸĵȼ֣ÿһ֮䶼о޴Ĳ߲࣬εߣɱͲεߡ
ǰͷޣһͷɱҶҴʵ
Ҷͽʮ۷Ϊͽ֮ϱˣҲʮ峤ʮ۷ǿߣҲǶĸ֣˼ҵĴڣʹҶҴԶ
Խ֮ϵʦǸ˲õĴڣҶ峤˵ʦǿߣһȭܺһ׸ߵʯݣ˵С
ǰͷޱֲֿʵҶ쿴ǵսľѣΧЩ޵սನ£ȫ
ض𶯡
Ҷھʯ棬Ҵһ±Ƿ֣Ҫ֪ʦѾǣǷǳµĴڡ
֣ͷ޵ôûм͵͵սеҶ죬ͻȻҶҴ帽ҲȱʦޣһͷͷѾҶҴ֪̽һ˻񴫸һҪԶ롣
ǰͷǿޣҶȴһҲʶ˵ͷʦޡ
ѵģ
Ҷгɻ
Ҷɻ֮ʣԶ֮սֳʤ׻Ȼͣȴоգһҧ˲ӣѪȾɫëƤ
ϧһͷð׻Ҷ쿴Щ̣ɭľȽϲͷ׻䲻ʮ㣬ҪһͷǸж硣
ȻҶҲֻ룬ʦûˣǶǳԽʦϵǿڣһ궼ûеͽֱǳ롣
𣡡
ͻȻҶYY֮ʣƷ˱仯ͷҪİ׻ȻͻȻЩݣȻͬһ뷢ݺݴ̴˾ʱѪ˱ء
𣡡ܵشŭ˲ü׻ӴһɭбӶȥһӾʧҶ֮С
䣡
ھȥ֮󣬾޴İ׻Ҳ̲ס˵ϣڴŴ
Ҷ͵͵ţְ׻ѾԶˣΪĲܵĹѪֹ
Ѫܱ޽ҲѾˡҶһ̾ǰΪֱľ飬һӾ֪˰׻Ĳơ

ƺߵڵϵİ׻ھţҪվȴôҲվ̫ܵˣѾ˼ޡ
Ҷ첻Щ׻ǿ־ȴ춯˭֪׻ܲٱһͷޣһͷޣһҪСģҲǰֱľ顣
𣡡
ͻȻ׻ٳվԴһľ޴ӣסҶķ
˲䣬һһС˫ͬӶһ

Ҷ찵ҪȴѾֻӱ𣬴ڳʯԶңңŰ׻гء
ȻеΣûг֣׻Ҷ죬ֻ۾вû¶⣬һ˿ϲɫ
ǵģҶǰԶоǰͷ׻еȷǳһ˿ϲɫԻı飬ǵһο
ѹֶ˵ʦϵ޶ǣȻҶ쾪̾
𣡡
׻ȻҶ췢г˰ĿתԼĶ棬һֻèСС׻ͷԵشǾ޴β͵İ˳Ȼڰ׻ϣ˯
һУҶ˲˰׻˼Ҫй°Ȼޣ˿ҲΪ׻ĸе塣
İɣһչ˺ġҶ첻֪׻ܲöĻǳ˵һгϡ
𣡡׻ȴһгϲɫҶʱףԼСͷ׻ԡ
Ҷ׼С׻ʱ򣬰׻ͻȻ̧ͷ
ţг裬ҶһæԶԶŰ׻ϳŭ
𣡡
׻һһâǵâֱ䵽ҶĽ£ͷȥһŹϵƤ
ԭǸҵƤҶʱԼ˰׻³Ű׻Ǹؿȥ
ʱİ׻ںľһ˿޴ͷ­ڵϣһӳС׻ĺ˯̬󻺻ϡ

׻ʧȥһ˿ϢҶһС׻߱Сһë׵צӣȻҶĻй˹˸ӣͦѩ׵СƤ˯
۾ûողųģ
Ҷ쿴˿С׻üͷ𣬽ƺ뵽ʲôתͷµİ׻Ŀг˾⡣
Ȼͷ׻ĸײŸոյС׻ãܵ˾ĹȻһβͻסС׻һսһֱֵڡ
ͷ׻򵥰ǲ費ãС׻׸ڣĶ֡Ҷ찵뵽ǰͷ׻ǿ󳬺
Ҫ֪ڲӺ󣬻һڣ׻ڣҲ;ܾˣɴ˿ɼ׻ʵ֮ǿȫʢʱڵԲǾԿġ
㰲ϢɣһὫúչ˵󡣡һ̾Ҷ콫С׻ŵһԣȻŰ׻ľ޴ٲ涪ȥ
Ȼ׻һǱҶ⣬Ըʬֵİ׻ʬɭеɣʶ䶪ٲ
ð׻ʬ֮ҶٶȱС׻ϵһ̲Ѫüͷ𣺡˵ض̫Ѫ֮ȻǿޣǸϽ뿪Ϊ
գҶͻȻһֻӣɭ֮УҶҴķɱȥ

Ҷߺ󲻾ãֻ׺ݵ޳ȻԭسѪ֮⣬ʲôҲûС
ֻε뿪

ʱ֮ҶڿҶҴһ
Ű磬ֻлصҶܸеİȫǿǰһ֮սϧĺƽ밲ˡ
Ҷ죡
Ҷո̤ӵʱһϤæ̧ͷȥȴǿһϤӰ
ţôˣ£Ҷ쿴ˣЩɻʵ
ǰ׳׸ߵͦģ¶ļ⣬ǻоҶţҶ조÷ƨ档
죬õĽˣϽȥҶţŴ˵Ȼһ·ġ
ѩʲô𣿿żģҶЦ
ֽõĴ㣡Ҷţ
ҶЦݶʱϣһЩʲô
ΪõĻ£ɲϿȥҶţҡҡͷ
£ѵ
Ҷԣƺ뵽ʲôɫʱ


3 ˻飿
Ҷҡ
ϤĴոأϵҶ츸ĸɫǳѿǶ棬һȹŮһƤݸǡ
˻飿
ҶĸҶɣսƤһվŭصǰĽŮӣֽ׮¿㸸׿ڴӦģôһ֮ѵ˵˵һڻ𣿡
һԣҶĸ÷˿ҲŭصŶĺȹŮֽ
ǶѾ֪ԼûϢˣʱܵڻĴһӾͳˣΪҶĸĸȻǳŭ
ѽɲô˵ҵȻڻ飬ҪȻҲֻһˡֽһĵ˵ò˵ŮӵȷнĵıǮˣǾݣɢȻϢ
Ҷ÷ԣ˿÷ȿڣֽ˵ֶŮȻˣʲô˼˵ţָƤһŻԼ顣
ҶҲֽʲô͡
˼ѾдˡֽĿâһȻҵû˵Ҫڻ飬ҶûϢѾּҴˣҪ֪ÿּҴŮ׷˿ԴּҴŶӵҶҴ壬ǰҶ죬Ȼûʲô˸£
˵Ҷɺ÷ɫѾǳѿˣµʲô
ֽǣڽ죬ּҴ弸ʮλ꿡Ҽǰҵܾ׮¡
䣡
ҶһӣֽЦƾһ֮ѵܱʮëͷСӱȲɣ
һԵ÷Ҳɫѿֽ֪Ľڡ
ô˵Щ꿡ܵĸ׿ɶǴǿߣڴӵкܴĻȨҵȻǴ峤ҲܷŭοҶû꣬ƾʲôҪȢãֽЦ
˵ôϻΪҶû꣬ǲ˻ģߣҶŭ
Ǻǣ֪ͺãҵ꣬˽½ԼôѿֽЦǺǵһ㲻˼Ҷɺ÷ĺ
ҿڱ˵˵㻰ɣߣҶߵ
ԼͽԼҶӶأû꣬Ҳʲô˶ģ÷˵һԵҶɶһǵһοϰôǿƣȻзǳŭˡ
ȻˣŻԼֽĻﻹû˵꣬ӵűƿˣһɫȻ˽
ǩˣ
ǸջҶ죬һĮؽӹƤ֮ǩԼ֣Ȼ󶪸ֽ
÷ЩģһԵҶ촽£ȴǲ֪˵Щʲô
ŵԼĸĸҶһůǰһ¶ûйĸ۰һүȴһ۰ĸĸ
һ޺Ҷи̾漴ֽݶʱȥɣﲻӭ㡣
ߣ㵱СﲻɣһûķȢãǳ룬һӣҲֻһѣֽмغһתߡ
㡭ҶԴŭҪȥѵֽȴǱҶס
ˣ˲ᣡҶ쵭ҡͷֻһ˫ڵȴһ˿⡣
Ҷĸף÷˹ǵؿҶ졣
صģûôϵڣû˭۸㣡ҶҶļ򣬴˵
ԼĸĸҶгжԭȵǷϣһɢ˺ܶ࣬˵ͷǷģûµġ
Ǻӣ϶ˣǼ棡÷һ̾Ϣ
ҶԣԺһСӰʱһҡҡͷˣԵ޷ݣףܹҵһҺõģо仰ֽ˵Ĳûңȷ䲻
÷ʱ֪Լ˵ˣһǸ⡣
㲻ҪģҲʲôɵµģ磬һأҶ찲ο
ɷλޣϵһһţҶЦҶ췴ο÷ʱ֪ԼӲûб
ţҲģһЩӰæܸѾͷ÷˵ͷ˵
ҶԶʱˣЦǾͱˣŶ󰡣ɼҵúܡ
ô˵൱ҺҲǡҶϲ˵ҶѾȾˡ
ȥϢˣʱٽңû˵꣬Ҷˡ
⺢ӡ÷ҡҡͷһĴ顣

Ҷڡ
ոսҶ죬ݺݹ˷ţһԼĴϣŭӣŴϦ
ǿǶװԼĸģǵĶѡ
Ķⳤģô÷˵ϾͶϣҶټǿҲܲʹ
ΪʲôûꣿҶ˻˫Ŀ˲ʡ
ֻ꣬꣬Ҫӵһֻ꣬ͼĳɫ꣬Ҳ˻衣
ҾͲûͲܳΪߣ
Ҷ۾ϥڴϣָ죬
Ȼ˰죬һоûС
û꣬޷֮Ҳ޷û޷Ҳ޷ͨľΪߡ
Ҷε۾г˾ˣû꣬޷Ϊߡ
ͻȻһèҶע⣬תͷȥȴǿͷС׻ڹ˹Ĵȡ
˰ɣСһ
С׻ɰӣҶһ֣ЦЦС׻С׻£¶һƤȥϰ׻ġꡱ
С׻Ҷ챧ͷҶ

Ҷ챻ôЦ
СһţҴҳԵȥҶ챧С׻߳ӣȡһЩιС׻
⺢ӣСèͦɰģ÷ؿűС׻ȥҶ졣
СһҪ쳤ŶôǿԺҲ϶ⱲǲܳΪˣֻҪǿˣҲܿ򣡡
ڣҶ콫Ա˯˵С׻ڴǣ뵽
С׻ĸ״ﵽʦ˵С׻ǱֻܴҪ丧Ժ൱һͷʦޣΪҲˡ
Ҫ֪ڰһҲֻһʦǿ߶ѣֻҪʦС׻ô˭С
˼ŸС׻ҵҶʰƤЩؿ
ȻһƤ꣬ѵƤǳ󲻳ɣЩֵţҶɨƤʱһ澹Ȼּ
ţݴ½֣Щͷˡ
Ҷ濴ּȻЩϾɣȴܿƤɢһɹϵϢ
ᣬϹʦꡭ
ףʦ
ҶɫһиӺˣۿȥ


4 
Ϲʦ
Ҷĺһӱ֪ݴ½ʦһаְҵǳϡ٣ɽʿܵ͵ȴֲСشڡ
ԣʦһЩĵҩҲһЩߵĵҩǾͨа磬ȴǷǳǿĴڡ
ݴ½ʷϣеʦҽķˮУͬҲаʦøаͨ׼ڤڤ֮еĶħȡаʦΪʦܵȫ½ߵ׷ɱ
ܵ˵ʦһǳϡٷǳصְҵһҶ컹û˵ʦֹ
֪ʲôһʦҶԽĿ˳Ƥȥ
Ƥ󣬵ּ飬ǧ֮࣬Ҷ쿴÷ǳϸһҲûд
ͨۿҶ췢Ƥʦļ¼ֲᣬ治¼˸ҩƣճһЩ¼
ᣬ꣬޷ΪߣҵöʦУΪϡеʦ
ҶʱĽȻܳΪߣȴõʦĿأΪһǿʦ
棬ΪʲôûͲܳΪߣΪʲô᲻ܴꣿ棬ʱµ̽꣬ݴ½˶ܳΪߣ
ţ
Ҷһ飬৵һվƤõ͵Աߣ濴ˡ
ڵƹ£ƤݳҶ֮С
ǧεĳԣҵ֮ϵһЩӵߣΪǵפὫΪܡ
֮ûܵȻפ䱾Ҳ޷Ϊߡҵ˴ķ򡣡
Ҷʱˣֻ۾ŹؿƤݡ
෬ԣᷢԴ죬ȴܡ
ܴꣿ
ǳҶ죬һһͰˮͷ£Ȼļȥ
Ȼܴ꣬ȴפû꣬ⱻ֮Ϊᡯ
ߣҲԽ̳֮Ϊɣᴴܣûӵʡ
ȥ꽫֮ŻɢҲ˵ֻҪʣյʱ䣬ȥߵꡭ
ʱҶҲͲסеļ̲סһХ
ʣ꣬Ȼ޾֮·ҶƤЦгϲã־·ĸоһȪӿ𣬸ˬ졣

ô
⣬ĸ÷ǱҶĳХġ
Ҷʱ⺰û£Ҷˡæ⡣
л˾Ūԣ⺢ӣôˣ˻ҽʲô÷˿Цһ䣬Ȼ뿪ˡ
ڣҶؼۿƤ
޾֮·ϰ׻ﾹȻһϹʦĽֲᣬȻ¼˶ķ
ҶʱоԼδϣ֮ţΪһ϶
ϵƤ΢ĵƹ£ɢһصϢ
һϵַϵ۵ӳҶԺС
ݴ½ޱߣᷢû꣬һԽķǳǿΪʲôٶ̽ڷֵ޵ѪҺ֮УкٵܣЩ꣬ǿ壬𽥽
ԽǿޣѪҺ̺֮Խ࣬оһȡЩѪҺеܡ
ȵȡһܣԡȫ֮ȫɣɾŽеʣ˶ĵһ
ҪѪҺ֮ȡ
Ҷ쿴ʱ򣬵ɴ۾ûһѪ
ϰ׻ʦޣ֪ĻһҪʲôڲֱٰѪҺˡҶ޲øԼһƣԼǲֵǮĽڲ٣Ȼ˷һͷʦϵѪҺ
ܹҪɾʣҪܱȻǳ࣬ҪȡãȻѡ
Ҷȥݲ࣬Ҫ¼һڳɾ֮󣬶˵꣬
굹׻ãȥǵ굹ǿãʡҶüͷ壬˼
Ҫȡ㹻ܣôɱһЩСޣ֪Ҫȵ£ֻһЩǿޡ
ͽʮ۷ʵܹԸǿ
ȻǷ񶨵ġ
Ҫ֪ҶҴ壬ҪΪһ޶ӵĶԱҲҪΪ˵Щ޵ǿµĴȥֱ
ž
뵽ҶһûڣݺݸԼһƣҪ֪˵ĻҲᶪϰ׻ʬǿһʦϵްѪҺԼȡ㹻ˡ
ô죿
Ҷ侲˼ķѾˣҪıǾۼ㹻ܡ򵥵˵Ҫ㹻ѪҺ
޵ѪҺ̺ǿǿϼֵߣ㹻ĽǮǿͨãǡ
ҶЦһʮĺӣôǮһ߼ߣҲûôĻ
ô죿
廹ϵˣҶĿ⿴ƤⶫɼֵܸߣĻ
˼Ҷҡͷǰǻֶۣ֪ļֵһ˵֪ôò㹻ı꣬ᱻɱڡ
꣬ɲû˻ܼ꣬ɣǿԼ꣬һ𽥽ֵ꣬ɹݴ½Ϊ˷ģ
Ҷ˸пһӾͿ͸Ƥֵ޼֮
óˡ
ĸ÷ѳ˼еҶ죬ҡҡͷԳȻ˷򣬺αؼһʱɽǰ·
գҶʱȻպƤƿš
УһֺǺǵسҶԵЩ˼һ߳Էһ߼˼ܵ;
Ե㣡ĸ÷Ҷвˣ߶߶
һԵĸҶɣǴ޶ӵ
㲻֪ϵҿǴһͷͻӳ˵ˣŻƤʱ֯һҶɹЦ
ҲҪܸŪЩѪҺ𣿡Ҷ۾һЩڴʵ˰죬ҲֻϵϾһ߶ǵߣôܻȡ㹻ѪҺ
ҪѪҺǿҶԣҶ졣
һԵ÷ɫһ̾⵹ʧΪһ취˵һЩûˣͨѪҺǿӶӵв߲ʵѪҺǳǼҡ
ãϵӦ㣬͸ŪҪж٣ֻҪϵţ͸㹻ѪҺҶɴ˵

Ҷ۾ʪеĻҲ˵ֻһӡС
һҪΪߣΪǿߣøĸ


5 Ը
ڶ峿Ҷո𴲣㿴һѪҺڷǰԱվŵӰĸҶɡ
Ҷ۾ؿǰҶɡ
ҶЦЦҶļ򣬵һͷѪҺӳҪģȥɡ
ҶԸж˵֪޶ӶӳҶΪ˹˽ܹõôѪҺ϶Ǹ㹻Ĵۡ
ģûûʲô˵ģϵԺÿ춼ѪҺʵЩ߲٣Ҷؿڱ֤
ллҶ첻֪˵Щʲôֻа¶ģһҪΪǿߣĸ
ˣϾҪӳȥɽɱˣڼҺúҶ˼䣬Ȼȥ
Сĵ㣡Ҷں溰
š
Ҷɻ˻֣ʧ⡣
Ŀ͸ȥҶȭͷĿתϵһѪҺȵĹâ
ѪҺѾǿˣ֪ܹܣǿҵڴҶѪҺ뷿ݣ

ڣ߰Ҷȼ͵ƣĹâС׻ע⣬֮š
ԣСһٸҳԵȥҶС׻ԴȡƤ¼ʼá
ּ򵥵ҶѾѧᣬᵽһЩϣҲϡ֮ڴҵˡ
ҪΪߣûԳΪʦϹʦûꡣ
ߣ깵ͨأΪáʦһЩƷϣָ̻ӵķ䣬Ӷʩչ
ߣһһ;ͬ顣
ܵҪĶҲҪĻѪҺ鷳ġ
ҶڷźѾ׼ƷʼʩչȻǵһʩչ֮ǰѾü飬ǳϤ
װѪҺڣһɱʼڼƤĴ߶£ӡ
ڴʱҶͺһѾ׼õ͵ϿһӣʱһƬȵĻ棬ȼյڡ
ͣ
Ѹȼգ˰Žɢȥ¶һյӡ
ԣ
ﻹһС̲ɫѪûб
ҿˣҰôܣһĻҶĶǰģôһѪҺȻֻôһܡ
˲䣬ҶҪײǽĳ嶯Ҫ֪ǻѪҺѾǳˣôྐྵȻֻǻܣҪһܣǵҪѪҺ
ôȥǰ취ϵҲ߼ѣһҲδԻһͷޣҪǴչһܣûʮǲܵˡ
ҶüͷЩ֮꣬Ѿһ϶Ǹô϶ȥأ˳˼
ˣһʱҲ벻İ취ȥתת
˰죬ҶҲû취⣬ֻһ̾ӣС׻߳ݡ
ڳһЩιС׻Ҷ챧ڴε
ҶҴ岢Сǧ˼ҡ
ڼ̸֣ܿʢʱԼҵĺӡ
ҼҵĴͷѾͽ˼ˣһܴŹʣ
ٺ٣ҼҵĶҲѾͽ߼ˣνǰʮӦò⡣

˵ĺӶһЩŹֵС׻˵Ǻǳ֮󣬱¸һ
ҶǰҲиСƤСǿҵҪ£ǰĻ˱Ҷ졣
Χ̸ۣҶ촽˲ĿЩȻ
ݴ½ΪﶼʢУҶҴҲ⣬ÿдڴȣúѧ˴˾Ϊǿߡ
ҶȥҲμӹʱʮ꣬ѾͽʮΪֱǺƶ֣ռͷΪҶҴѵһľš
ӣҲŴţνͷһʱ
ͬΪׯ֮һּҴ峤ţΪСŮ»Լ
ȻþûеϢʹ𾪣ϵĳԼҲˣųױΪ
ŰɣһΪߵģҶսȭͷгᶨ
ڴʱһɵĵƮƢ˳㿴ȥһӰҡҷҶǰ
Ҷ죡
һŮԼĪʮһ꣬ݣУһˮɫȹڵסˣĿһһƬ紵
ȻʱҶȴ˲ŮǰŮ¶һ˿Ц΢΢ҧҧ촽ѩ㣬㻹ʲô
㻹ðɣЩǷϵҶ죬ѩ˵һ˫Ŀ֮г˹ġ
û£޷ңҶҡҡͷЩпͬһĸΪʲôõԸ˲졣
ֽ̱ѩ󷽣СĹԸʡּҴ峤λ飬νԶǰŮ
˻£㲻ҪСã׹ˡѩ˵
ȻҶһ֪ĬƬ̣̾𣿡
ܲã˵ˣ㲻ޣƣû취ֻðˡѩ
áҶһҧ촽ȭͷյø֨졣
䲻Ը䣿
۾ҶһȻ͵ӣץѩ֣ᶨ˵ѩ㣬תãֻҪԸңҾԲḺһؼ޸ҡ
Ҷţõѩһ
ãһתġѩ˵ͷ֮һ˿Ȼ˿ȻϾͱף
ϣһаôòСãҶ𣿡ڴʱһЦ
ŴһһŮӰ˶ǶʮңïеĸߴӢ䣬Ůò绨
ˣҶѩüͷŮѩĽֽԱǸеģҶҲϤҶҴһĵڶҶ
ȻҶûϢѾ֪ΪڶŵҶȻ˲ΪҶҴĵһˣĿ
㣬ˡѩüͷ
᣿ۿץ֣ôΪҲһֱϲѾǷˣ㻹Ҫ𣿺ߣֽЦ
㣬㡭ѩʱɫѿ˵
ֽ㲻Ҫ̫֣
ҶüͷЩȥȵ
ôһҲҽѵСˣߣҿ׵ظ㣬ֻҪСһ죬ͷõע⣬һֻҲ⡣ֽ
㣬ˣھͻȥ˰ɣѩȵʵȥˣҶ˵ͷתߡ
ǵûȥСãҪˣҺ͵ѾˣͰ޸򳤵ĹӣֽѩıӰܴ󣬷·Ҫ˵Ҷġ
Ҷһ࣬˫Ŀ죬սȭͷ棬һ¶


6 Ҷ
ѾͷһûķҲϲ涪ּҵ
ѩԶȥıӰֽһĿ漴תҶ죬ɫû꣬עǸһΪߣÿԼǵľ룬⣡
̱Ļ·һѰҶĿڣõú۾һƬ죬ȭͷÿ죬ֱ¶
ôңֽƳҶһۣһЦ֮ɫ
ڴʱֽԱߵǸ˹Ҷ죬¶һĨİȻ֮ɫߵҶ죬Ҷδޣ޴񣬷Ҳһ̵Ľѵ
ǰһŭҶ죬Ҷ˵ʹ죬ҶҴһţȴ·ɱҶҧķͷ
ҪվţվǷûҶ죬Ѿûκв
Ҷȫһ߸ϵ񣬸ǰҶ죬ȻĮ
˿̱ŮˣҪҶвҶҧݣһתߡ
Ͼǰʮļ䣬źСƽϣ˵Ѿ˳ΪߵķǲҪ̫⣬ȵΪߵʱ򣬻Ὣܵĳϴˢɾ
˵ʲô˵һ飿һ˻ֽĿɷݺݵҶ졣
ҶӺһҶǰضøǸ򡭡
Ŀ׺ݣĮĻﲻԶ
ҶǸҵֵû֣ϲǸԼȥǸɡ˵ɣ˸򣬼߿
ҶȻҶǰ䶢䳹ǣҵǸ򼴱㱻峤ҲҪ߳
Ż£һ׺ݵϢҶϱҶӭ
ƾ㣿Ȼû꣬ƺҲûн߰ɡͬͽʮ۷壬ǰţ˵ɡҶЦ
ţƾǰֱľ飬֮ͬУûĶ֡ǰҶҲͽʮ۷ѣ˿塣
𣿡Ҷԣһ˿ЦݣȭͷȻ̧ݺҶ졣
СߣҶ׼ҶѾ׼õȭͷֱƿҶȭͷؿڣһҪȥҶضѪ
ҶЦƾǰսɣһӶû߳ȥëͷСӣôĶ֣
ȻҶؿڵʱͻȻҶһ˿Ĺâ룬ȭͷѾҶؿڴ
䣡
ʱһ죬ҶɵһĻûг֣ҶоԼһְƵģֱһ飬ڱѣʹѡ
˹һĻҶɴ۾ЩŵҶ
ɲϧ㣬ߣҶŵף¶һ˿мЦҶ𾪻֮ʣһȭأݺݻҶļ
ʱһ죬Ҷļܵһɾ޴첲˲һֱѾʡ
ͬʱҶҲ޴ɳȥ
ڵɵ;УҶҶϳ֮ɫ㡭ˣ
䣡
Ҷ嵹ڵϣҵĵ涼һҶ
壬ԼǿԶͽܹ֮ƣʱ˿̣Ҷ²ҶѾˣҲװ˷ǰʮļˡ
ߣеҶ죬ҶһȻ֮ɫ
һԵֽ˹мؿҶһۣЦûҶѾ꣬ˣһǳɫ꣬ķⱲӶ
ҶһҧݣĲʡ
סѵԺ󽿽ҶҴˣñٿҼһδһΣҶв
ڸʲôأ
ͻȻһȴӴһӰ޶ӵĶӳҶ棬ĿɨҶ͵ڵϵҶ죬𣿡
ҶĬȻ֮ǰҶ·èƵģæҶЦ壬㿴ˣֻǺҶܵдһ£һСҲע⣬Ұɡ
ҶҶҴ޶ӵĶӳǵʦ߾żǿʵҶҴܸߣڴ峤ҶһšҲǰ
Ҷ죬𣿡Ŀ⿴ҶһֻѺ߿ľתһԵҶ죬ʵ
һ̣㽿ֽҲҲ죬ͷҿҶ档
ҶЩҶʩչвĿ⡣
ҶϵĻҳޱվɨһвҶԼԱֽ˵ҲСԼģ
ֽʱ˿ҶؿҶһۣ·˵Сʶࡣ
ŶҶԣĿһ漴˰֣û꣬޷ΪߣҶѾˣǲһΣԺдˡϣתȥ
壬֪ˡҶҶıӰ֮ɫ漴мɨһޱҶ죬ߵСʶ࣬ߡ
Ժñõע⣬һܳΪߵķֽͬһҶȥ
ҶϵĻҳʼգûٿһֱۣӣڵϵС׻Ŵȥ
ÿһӶ·ѹǧƵģҶһһӡʧããɭ֮С
ϤٲӳߣھʯϣҶһֻܸܵһο
ԱߵС׻ϵع˹ȣлš
Ĵܴ󣬲öİҶֽ˵裬ĵף²ĥӡǡ
һǰҶԸʶȥΪûа취Ϊߡ
ڡ
Ҷ쿴ʶµǧٲ֮бһâͳĻ֮³
ߣһҪΪߣ
Ĵ뼥ҶӼҪΪߣٲѰǱȥϰ׻ʬ壬ٲˮܼѾ֪ϰ׻ʬ嵽ȥˡ
ҺްҶ˻һӵİûڣûжϰ׻ʬ壬Ѿˡ
ϧûкҩ
Ϧ£Ҷƣ۵ҶҴǰ
ա
ͻȻһӿȶԶɭ־ͷһѪźɫڶһѪɫɢžѪɷ֮
ЩѪߵǰҶڵĵ·
ãҶʱʧɫæ㿪һԵĲݴ֮С
¡¡
̤أȺѪͷһߴĳǹӣ˫磬ĿҶһɨǹϢѹȸжʱõҶͷ亹εΡ
ǿѹȸУʮ۷Ĵ峤ҲûôǿѵʦǿߣҶʱ𾪣١
ʱһȺѪѾԶȥʧڵ·ľͷ


7 Ѫ
ֱȺѪߵӰʧڵ·ľͷҶŴ֮лع
ߣߣһȺѪߵʵǳǿоÿһ˶ŲҸ׵ʵͷĳǹӸǳԽ˴峤пʦǿߣ
Ҷг𺳣ȺѪ߲ʵǿ󣬶ҸɷˣȻǾĥǿߣЩǿˡ
֣ôǿߣ
һȺǿѪôҶгɻ
ЩѪǰķҶͻȻüͷйɲĸоⷽԲʮںֻҶҴһׯѵ
ҶеǣټɫæӿٶȣҶҴ屼ܡ
ʱҶҴĴѾʼˣ޶ӵĶԱҲˣҶɸڴѰҶӰ׼ؼҳԷ
ɱ˼ͷޣȻûгҲջСѪҺȴþòҶзǳ
СӵȥˣѰ˰죬ûҵҶӰҶЩŴɵɭ֣׼ȥѰҡ
ʱ
غȻҼһļȻһӱͻ𶯣ƽ

кܶˣѵɽ
һҶҴ񶼽ĺǸһ޶ӶӳҶӭſڡ
Ҷ𾪣ҲŴ󲿶һǰȥ
ԶĴ⣬ٶѪڶżףǾɷúܶҶҴ𾪲ѡ
ѪվдǰҶ棬Ŀ͵һ𾪡
ͣ£һҶҴŵĻЩѪߴ
ߣ
һȺѪߵгһߴӰɫޱĮֳһ˺ɫǹǹ⺮է䡣
꣡ҶҴɾʯĴţʱһǿľ飬µǹâڻƻ쳣ֱӱʯš
ţʦǿߣҶһҶҴǿ𺳡
ɡ
ٶƥͣ£ǰ߸߰һ˻
ǵĴ峤Ѫѯʣǰֵĳǹȵ֮õڳд񶼸оһ䷢飬оѡ
ʱǶˣﻹ˸ǰֻҶ̻عǰȥһ𾴵˵λԵƬ̣ȥ֪ͨ峤
߾ż۷壡
ǹɨҶһۣ˵ͷ޵û뵽һƫƧСɽ徹ȻҲǿߣôûȤѪӦ֪Ѫ
ˣǼѪڻҪңҲ뿪ȹһǰѪǲμѪĿˣҶ湧˵
ϲǹӵ˵ͷĮųһ˿Цݡ
ܿ죬峤һ·񱼶ҶڴˣһǳȣǸ׷ԲԵϴ峤Ȼٶô죬һӱſڴ
ѪһſڴǰٶѪߣ峤жʱһݣ
ҶʨλѪˣ֪λǰҶҴкιɣõĵط뾡ܷԸ峤̬ڵĺܵͣǴǲûκβǶ֪ѪĿ£ǶԷһʦǿߴڡ
ʮ۷壬ҶҴǿļׯ֮һȻǿߡǹҲ˴峤һ˿ɫ漴Ц˵ҽһ£ҡ죬Ѫٷ򳤣ЩҵĲ¡
ˣ֪ҶҴ壬ν£Ҷʨʵһ˿档
ʱ򣬴ҴææϻҶ죬Ӵ˽
Щ˲鷳ģ֪Ǻʹ峤˵ЩʲôҶԶԶǳǹӺʹ峤ԻĵػȺ֮С
Ⱥ֮УҶϷҶ죬æһȥˡ
ȥˣôڲŻﶼˣҶŭ˵һ֡
ҶǸЦЦ֪ײĹֻǵѣµʵЩʲôˣǴʲô
ЩѪϵǸ˵㵱ǻѪ𣿡Ҷص˵
Ѫ
Ҷжʱһݡ
ⷽԲһΨһĳǳءѪǣѪѪǵĻӣһ֧ǿľӣһĴ񣬶ԽѪΪҫ
ѪżǳߣΨ߼ϵǿ߲ܲμӿˣܹμӿ˵ˣͨҲʮһ
˵ÿһѪǿߣһԺߣѪĴׯɽַ
ҶʱгһܹѪΪѪֱģĺøС
ԭǾѪѹָôǿ󣡡Ҷ»Ȼ۾͸Ⱥ϶ȺѪ
ٶѪǳ׳ۣһɫĮɱˣһ֧Ѫսʿ
Ҷ쾪̾ǰ˵һȺֱ
λѪߣ๧λ
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ҶĿ͸ȥһЩ߼ϵǿߣҶһǰȥ峤ˡ
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һֱҶɲŻˣҶк棬æܹȥŸڳԷѯʵ峤ȥʲô飿ǹȺѪ𣿡
Сô⣿ǵ£ҲܣҶЦ
ǺǣⲻǺ𣡡ҶεӣһڴؿŸס
Ҷɹ¡һҾƣҰͣҶȵЩͷˣЦ˵峤˵ЩѪ׷Ѱһͷʦ޶˵ͷʦҪˣһѪ֣죬һ·׷ɱ
ŶҶ𾪣ƺ뵽ʲôϰ׻ӰԺһ
㲻֪ʦ޺һӵޣܹޣ丧Ǿһͷʦʦǿ߶Ҫۺ찡ҶĽ
ԭˣҶ˵ͷȴǰЦѣС׻ѾõˣͷʦעȺѪԵˡ
ˣɫˣȥϢɡԻ˲ޣѾȡǵѪҺ㷿ˡҶɰ˰ֵĸ÷ʰˡ
ţ֪ˣлл
ҶԶʱϲæܵԼȻһѪҺ֮ǰĻҪࡣ
ʩչȡܣǽǳʧЩѪҺȻǳ࣬ǵȼܵͣȡܣȲ֮ǰĶࡣ
һСڰɣҶЩεؿеһС̲ܣʧ
ʧҶ컹Сĵ㽫ЩܴЩƴŪģɲ˷ѡ


8 
峿ҶһˣһֱڷѪҺ飬ڼסҶҴ岻Զٲֻܰ˼⡣
ôأ֪Ϊߵķû㹻ܣҲֻܸɵ۰
죬㲻ˣҰɣϣҾ

ɭ֮УҶķң·ǰȴ޷̤룬ָһɴĸоǳơ
ֻҪܹۼ㹻ܣܳΪߣٴػ֮ϴˢ֮ǰһг衣
ǡ
ȻһҵĴ𶯴Ҷ챾ܵһæѰǹɾҵĲǰǱ
ǿҵ𶯣͵ϰ׻սһѵ
Ҷ𾪣СĵؼǰԼĪһ·̺𶯸оȻǴٲﴫġ
˻~~~͸ֵķ϶һĻ𾪵Ļ档
ֻϤٲһȺѪΧɱһͷɫͷҶǳϤǵɱϰ׻ͷʦޡ
ȺѪߣ뿪ҶҴѪͷĳǹɫսʦǿߵսನʹɭֶ
Ҷ쿴ľ֮УҴһ
ǳǹӷǳǿһǹ̳ǹųһҫ۵ĺâɫСıУʱ¶һѪѪֹ
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ʱѪɺӣʬǡ
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֮ǰϰ׻ˣټϳǹӵǿʼе֧¶̬ڼ
Ӧϰ׻ûУײȺѪҲõù˰죬ҶѾ³š
ɱ
һȣǹѰҵᣬһǹ̽ͷ­ǹâ֮䣬һըֱͷ­
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ˣйۿҶǳ𾪣ǰǿľȻˣѪҲ߰˶ѡ
ɱ֮һȺѪʼʬ壬ʦ޵ʬ壬ֵɹ
Ҷ쿴ۺ죬˫ȣҪǸңһܹ㹻ܡҶȺѪȻɽɽҪ׺ݡ
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װ湻ȫģѪҶһϲæѪʼɫѪϵƬǳӲһ֮£Ƿ֮ڷ顣
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ȡ֮ǰҶһ޴ӣǼϴõ裬ǳ
ȻҶſʼȡܣǳȣˡ
ڣѪҺûʧһѪȡܷǳ֮࣬һôࡣ
Ҷ֮ȡһѪܴﵽ֮
Ӧù˰ɣôܣҶޱȼСĽٴȡһѪЩܱŵһԣΪá
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ȡѪʱѾ˰ҹҶ췢ԼĸѾ˯ˣţϵ·棬Ȼֱֱ¡
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ʱţЩܿʼ٣·ҶƵġ
Ҷ첻֪Щ˳ϵëףʼڡľǹͷ𽥱ܸǡ
ܳװҶӷʵĺɫâڻ谵ԵøĹ졣
ڶգۼ峿⣬͸һƬɳҶϡ
ʱһյһ˫ӣ£Ȼ͵һɫĹ⻪۵һ


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ĸо֮⣬ûκεĲʣӦо֮ǰûʲô
࣡һȭҶüͷʼӦʵ⡣
ʵûãԹ֪뵽Ҷһæһ·Ҵææ뿪˼ҡ
緹ûгأȥģ÷ҶıӰ
ҲԷˡҶܱ߻ֽе
⺢ӡ÷ҡҡͷû⣬ҶСͲڼҲϰˡ

ϤٲӳҶȲҵѪĵطȻǿһѪʬʱ¶
ʬɫ԰ɣֻ۾ɵϴֱ㶵ضҶ죬˲֮ɫ
ӷ㿴ҸʲôֲɱģҲˣԶɢأɡ
ҶֹһĨѪ۾ϡ
Ҹĵط֪Ҫãʬ壬Ҷ쳯ɨһ£һܶȥ֪ǰ治ԶһƫƧСɽ
Ƭʱ䣬һԵСɽҶǰ৵һ£ɽ档
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ΰʦɲҪңҶҲŹ㣡
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ʱҶԺһƬ𾪣Լʶ뵽ѪڣһСССѪǰ
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СѪĿնɢųɫâǴ۶Ŀ
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뵽ǰ;һƬҶѸ񣬿ʼƤصķǰꡣ
ֻһɺɫѪ֣ʼӴѪĳɫ꣬ʱһȻѾʧȥԣǱܵظоһΣҪܡ
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Ѫ걾ܵķӦҶЦһǰôطӵȥǱɫѪɡ
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СҶĳɫâЩȲѪĳɫâҫۣҶѾ׼ˣԼ꣬һǳɫꡣ
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ˣҶ֮ǰ۵ķǳ񣬴˷ֱͻƵһڣνһδͻơ
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Ҷܣ˻ɫ꣬ΪʦҲֻʱˡ
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ҶͲõˣſɽֻ꣬ҪʵǿˣȫԼɸǿ֮꣬·ûֹ
ѳɣڵңֻҪͬǰ̿һܹΪǿߡҶгš
û֪ƫƧСɽڣһݴ½ǿߵˡ
ЩѪʬ壬ҶǿţܻҶҴ塣


10 
ҶҴ壬ǰһʯ·ϣһ
ѳɣȥұ似ܸӷӳһɫ츳Ҷ죬ǰİ¶֮ɫ
Ѿãֻǰûʸǰߣö֮ؽˡ
ݴ½ҪΪǿߣȻҪͬʱ似ҲǳҪһǿĹܹ˷ӳǿܹԽļޡ
ҶǰĻ˵ǹ似ӵȱһɣϣܷӳǿ
ҶҴڷ似ĵطΪҪƽмλϰ֣߼ϵǿߣɭϡ
ÿ˽ߺ󣬱ȡúʵ似Ҷǰǳû꣬޷̤롣
꣬ȫʸǰȡѾõ似ˡ
ףҶ죬ʲôҶ̤ʱһλ뷢԰׵⣬ӭҶ죬Ŀһüʵ
ΪҶҴĵһţû˻᲻ʶҶ죬ͬҲû˲֪ҶûϢ߷ǳҶ˵ء
ţ֮ǰұ峤û꣬ͻȻ꣬ǻ᲻ģǰϵɻҶͻȻ뵽ԼܺһҪˡ
ûˣͻȻ꣬νݴ½ĵĵһҪǴ˳ȥѱ˵ʣΣա
߼ҶͷüͷĸûҶ죬̾Ҷ죬֪㲻ģû꣬Ҹ似Ҳûа취
֮ǴͨȫҪͨ͵лû꣬޷ô似ȥɣ
ҡҡͷ±۾
ꡭҶԣйâһ꣬һǻɫ꣬ҶҴһӵлɫš
ߣֻҪҲ˵û֪ĴڣֻҪǴ峤ʧ󣬻ҵ죬¾ˣ峤ҲʮѣҾͲܹ͸ܡ
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Ϊ߰˼ǿڣϵ׳ȫ߰ʮˣһɻҶ캧Ȼߵǿ
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ⱾƣҶ˷ܵܵǼȥˡ
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ƽ似ǳҶҴй涨ֻгΪߣܵõ峤Ĵ衣
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Բ߲ƽ׵ͼ似Ĺ涨ôڴﵽ֮ǰиʱΪ
ϾΪǸǿ似ûΪ֧ţҲԷӳǿ
ͬʱ涨ҲܸõؼҶҴĴŬȡûƽ似
ϣҾˣơҶᶨ˵гţ޷Ϊȼӵлɫ꣬ԶҶҴˡ
ðɣСӻᣬеʱ䣬֪ⱼƵļѣùԹһҡҡͷҶǼһ£ҶҪúñⱾơ
Ȼɹߣôһƽ似Ƿǳġ
ҶͷЦ˵ϣҽߵҪұܣֻܸߴ峤Ҫȵʱһˡ
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Ҫһˣܹġ
Ҷԣȥ


11 ֲ츳
صУҶȲعۿ似ǳǿ£˲ŵӰ˿ʵڴ֮¡
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׾ɣʩչƣԿҶ쳤һɫ˫Ʒֿڳɼơ
һͺȣҶα绢һ㣬ѵض˲һף˫ৣףư硣
ʱԶԶȥҶһƺӰ˲ɳʵ֮䣬Է塣

һƴҶ컺չһ˿ϲɫıƣ쫷磬ף˵ƥ
ֻⱼƴԲҪ˲ŵӰһɫ츳ʱҲֻܴӰҪ
ҶƣϸȥϷŵУо

ʱˮţĽӽҶҴ嶼һƬ֮У޶ѾùʳԲٳȥԡ
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ֲٶȣٴ֤ҪԣԽǿ꣬ٶԽ죬ɾͱԽߡ
ҶΪȻ꣬Ժ֮·Իƽ̹
⣬ǿ꣬ٶȣҲ˵ҶһڣѾ˰˵ӰͲһ㳹״Բˡ
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ΪһֱҶǷǳϵģһ֣ﵽ׼ޡ
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𣡡ѩܱŭںҶһӰʵֻ̧ԼƣҶݺ£ƥ
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һ߶ĲྐྵȻôһȻٶȲУǷ͹ǿҡҶ쾪һ£ȾܣǰȻ䣬Ҳǰ׳գȻ֪ɵУǵȻ·
𣡡
ѩں۽ţ׷ᣬϧٶ̫һ㶪ҶӰֻܲĵ׷ˡ
ãҶصҶҴˡ
ȥˣôҲúڼҴţ˿ô죿һؼңҶĶб㴫һ߶
Ҷȥĸ׶һ
ǿ׳أҶԣԼؿڣЦ˵
˵öԣҶɵĶӣûôͱˡҶɣ̸Ц
ȥˣҶ쿴Ҷһѩ֪Ҳȥˣɻʵ
ߣ˵ӾҶǸСӣʲôӲѡǵѡˡҶԺһĲá
ˣˣһͷƢȺĸֶһ
ҶӹһߺʵҶѡ飬ʲôϵôˣ
ȻйϵּֽҴ峤ĴǧҲǴ£峤Ǽ߼ϵǿߣʱҶСȥּҴˡ
ߣ
Ҷһŭ˵
ҶԶʱˣ黹йϵǱ˵ĻϵȥҲȥˡǰűּҴɢԼʱϵҪȥȻܡ
غ⣬ϵȻǲȥּҴˡ
ϵ׼ǰȥ֮ȥҶȻʵ
ȻǹȻȥҶһСһѵѹɣߣҶߵ
ȻˣʱϴһȥҶվһЦȻ󲻵Ҷ˵תԼȥˡ
Ҷ㶵ؿŶӵıӰһԵ÷ü㿴ǲЩԾ
ŲԾء÷ԸһۣŪҶޱȡ
ѵ߳ûӰӦ˲Ŷԡ÷˵
ܾЩԾ
Ҷ°ɣ˼


12 
նů⣬ڽ׵ĴϣڻһƬѩ
ڴѾõڵҶҴ嶼һֵ֮֡УһƬֵľ
ڴ嶫ߵľ޴㳡ϣѾվӰѹѹһƬǧˣȻҶҴĴ񶼸ˡ
ÿҶҴֵʱ򡣡
Ҷ̾˹㳡ڡ
ʱԶĸ̨ϣ峤Ҷʨ޶ӶӳҶȴＸλǿ߶ڴˣǸɫ£
̨޴ͨɫԲΣ֮ߣһɢһɰơ
Ҷ֪Ǽ̨Ȼÿ궼ܿÿһμǳ𺳡
ϵļ̨ҶҴ֪ͬ꣬˶£沼˲ɣϢһλˣڴˣƽؿҶҴɳ

ʱһƬ֮ţ㳡ϵˣʼҸλ£ҶŰʶ
Ҷûд˰ˡ
Ҷ죬ϾҪʼˣҶţԱߴҶ΢΢һЦ˹ȥҶţһ
˵ͷ˽½̸
Ҷ죬֪˵峤׼׼һͷ컢Ҷţ˵˷֮ɫһ˫ڴ
컢˵ͷ߾żޣҶˣ׼Ҳ׼ǿޣǶһЩ߼µޡ
ˣҲЩˡ
Ǵﵽ߾żޣǻδ
԰˵Ǵ峤ԳȥץģǳǿҸԶԶһۣо֪ˡҶţ˷ܵ
ţҶͷ̨иڴˡ
ą̃ͨȺ׷ɢ׳̧һ޴ڸߴļ̨档
װľǷ컢𣿡Ҷһĺ棬һԵҶţѾɴ۾۾һգգضż̨
Ǽޣ
Ⱥ֮дۡ
ྲ
峤Ҷʨ޶ӶӳҶȣһλλҶҴ嶥ǿ߻̨Ҷһȣ֮ܵʱ
һҶҴ嶥ǿߵĻ£峤Ҷʨټ̨վڼ̨ϣϵӰԵЩߴˡ
˶峤Ŵ峤ѵ
ҶҴ˵߰ʮ꣬죬ʶÿѣҵȶܻΪġ
Ҷʨɤ촫㳡
ҶЩͷѵÿ궼һǰѧУЩУѵһûûˣġ
һԵҶţܲѣ

ҶʨҶҴһǧʮ峤ݣڴ񣬼أԸҶҴ己ٲʢ࣡
ڣ峤ѵ˵ˡ
һڴ׷վҶʨȡ
죡
Ҷʨϵݣһ̷ǳ࣬һ˫ӣ˸ľą֮̂ϣ򿪣һŭĺ洫
ৣ
һ쫷춯һ޴Ӱչ߷ɡ
ҶһӾˣ𺳵ؿŸ߿Уһͷɫ޻˫չ֮䣬Ƿϸ߿ա
ǿ߾ż𣡡ҶܵһӴѹֶ£컢Ƕ֡
Ƿ컢
찡߾żޣ

Ҳˣ֪ˣԵûҲѡ
Ȼһ̣һϵӰϲ񷡣
Ǵ峤
ҶһЩ˼飬峤Ȼôߣ
Ҷʨ˫ڼ̨һǣ˲ͬһ߿գǰӵķ컢ȵ
·޶ӶӳҶ˲䱩𣬳ĳ߿ȥ
Ҷʨ漴ס貣һȣȻٶ˼߶ȣȻڷ컢Ͽա
𣡡컢Ҷʨֵг˾֡
ն
һͺҶʨ£Ѫգһ£컢Ǿ޵ݺڼ̨棬Ѫ˳ż̨ء
峤꣡
ҶҴ꣡
Ƕʱߺһ˷ܣҶҲһĻȾܲѡ
ʼϾ⣡ҶʨȾѪĳΧ񻺻˵ʱһ帾ž
޶ӶӳҶʱǰȵ俪ʼµͽòμӡ֮ϣд衣мǣ㵽Ϊֹˡ
ʱһҶҴ߳ȺҶǰ𳤶ӡ
Ҷ죬ˡҶţҶ
ȥɣҾͲȥˡҶҡҡͷѾΪߣȻҪμЩСӵ⡣
Ƿ˵ˣͽҪμӰҶţɻ
İɣ岻ҵģȥ˭ҵĶ֣ҶЦ˵
ҲԣȻû꣬ͽ֮УʵǿҶţҲЦˣ漴ʲôæס죬ŵؿҶ죬Ͱ͵ҶҶ죬ҡҡ
֪Լ˵ˣûо꣬ҶĴܴ
û£ȥɣȻҶķӦǳƽҶţļЦŹֵܣøλ
ţҶûзŭҶţæͷȥŶˡ

ҶǰŶӵǣҶڴѾˣ
ͽΪû似һЩȭŹƾսñֳʤΡ
Ҷţǰʮһ֮Ҳ㲻ˡ
ʣ߼ˣҶ°ΪԼĺѸˡ
ףⲻҶҴĵһôûȥԣʵøһӦò⡣
ҶΪҶţ˵ʱһЦȻĶС
ҶתȥԶҶ˹˵ıһ꣬ؿҶ졣
Ҷ죬ΪͽȻȥԣĻû𣿡Ҷ˵еϷ֮ɫȴΪ˵Ҷ죿
Ҷ쵱ɫͳĵ·㲻ߣ㴳ˣֱ
ףǲҶҶ𣿡
Ǻˡ
ȥ˿

Ҷ죬ҶţҶҴ˲֪һӱۿ
ҶҲɧҵȺ˹ȵô£֪𣿡
ܸߣһ˵ʹóѻȸ
壡
壡
ҶæȥҶҲ˵ͷ
ǣҪд𣿡ҶĿҶֱС̣Ͼ֪ҶԸ
壬£ղ˵ͽΪҪȥԣҶҲͽȻȥҶæ˵
Ŷ
ҶĿһ⻰ȷ˵ģҲ֪Ҷ޷꣬㲻ܳΪߣȥҲûʲô˵ġ
Ҷ˵ҲûдǻȷǴ˵ҶԴƤ
ҶؿҶһۣ֪С뿴ҶЦвɵҡͷȣΪߣҲûжɾ͡
оҶҶڨڨһЦһԲ˵϶ô˿ţҶ϶Ҷ˵ġ
Сӣҿô죬ߺߣ
ɫ̹ȻҶ죬ҶһЦ


13 
㳡ϣҶҶɧңʹΧʱۼһִ񣬶ֵġ
ҶĻ˶ôˣҶҪҶˣٴ¶ŭ⣬ǶǴӵĴûô˼
Ҳһ¶ֻɫһЩ꣬ʹҶ츳
ҶСҪҴ򲻣Ҷ컹û˵һԵҶɿԼ۸ŭ
ҶɣС飬Ҳ֣˵Ҷƺû˵ʲôǻȷǶӳ˵ҶĸҶЦ޶ӵĸӳһʵﵽ߰˼Ȼ߼Ҷɡ
Ҷԣ֪Ҷûо꣡ҶԴŭ
ֵֹ˭˵ӳҲû˵ʧܵ˲Ҫμӱ԰Ҷ
㡭Ҷġ
ˣ
Ҷһֹסǣõóžܸߣпܽһδ峤ҶҲò
ߺߣ
ҶһۿЩ˵ıݣʵҪԣݺݴ½ֻǿ߲ӵлȨ;Ȩ
Ҷˣһ˵˵ˡ
Ҷ죬˵ΪʲôμӱԣҶ漴Ҷ죬˵
ҶҶһңҪǲһҶ죬˵ȥҲ֪Ҷ޹ģСһҶ졣
ȻҶĻش𾪡
壬ѾˣȻûҪȥμӱԡҶ쵭˵ʼգ⸱顣
Ļ£жʱž
ȣǼϻƺһ
峤ЩСһˣ㲻ȥܹ𣿡
ܣΪʲôҪܣЩ㵱겻Ҳ𣬷ᴦõġ
ԶҶʨһЩﳤںȾƣʵǿȻҲҶʱһ㶣ŵ˹
ˣ
ôܣ
Ҷ϶ˣ
ž֮Ⱥʱ۷׷˶ǲŵҡҡͷҶܲ˴ˡ
ҶҲˣץҶĸ첲ôˣ˵ʲôɲҪҡģϵڣû˸Ұôġ
⺢ӡû뵽ܲ˴ԶҶʨջĿ⣬̾
ǿδŶû׼ĽأһһλҶڴˣͻϳػλϡ
ʲô˼Ҷʨüͷ
ȥɣһ˵ӡػĳϵЦһЦеضŲԶҶ죬аСصĻԼ׶ûˣҶСײˣֻǲ֪ıôˡ
ҶʨԣüͷĸˣٴתͷҶķ
ԶҶ쿴ǰҶɣЦ
ϵҲĽˡҶЦ
һȥɣģǲǣҶɲҶĺҶתߡ
ιҶʱˣû˵㱻Ҷһ˻ȥ
ҶԼ״ҲûٳҶӣʿɶֹ
ʱҶ˵ˣҶ˵ȥɣεˣҲҿǲܣʲôҪæģҡ
ȻҲΪҶܵˡ
ллӳҶмղŵһΪһҲûиҶӣû뵽Ҷȫƽϣܸж
һԵҶ쳹ˣĵӲͳ𣬾ôû

գҶһ̾ϵ֣Ź㳡һѾʯȥ
ǸʲôһȥҶɼˣҪȥסҶ죬ȴҶץסֱۡ
ӳҶüؿҶ档
ҶŲԶһѾʯҶ죬ȵȿҶûз衣
ţӳ˼ǣҶһ㶣漴Щ
ӳ㲻ΪСĽ˰ɣҶԵϷʵ
ܣʧܣôܻΪߣҶЦ
˶һѾʯҶ죬ҶʨЩҲһ
Ѿʯһʮ飬ӦʮС󣬵һʯһǧֻһϵʵܾͽΪ޷ƶ
ʮʯҶҴ߲Լߵȼõġ
Ҷ˿ЩʯĿĲԶ˶˹ڴģЦģֻġ
ȻǲţҾֻʵǣһΣǳ׿ˣ
Ҷһʯ
ʱ˵߻۶
ҶɵҲ֪Լӵ˼ˣмˣѵĳΪˣʧܻܳΪߣƺû
Ҷ죬㵹ǾҪܹҾͳʯͷҶЦ
첻ҲϲӣҪȥּҴӭȥֽν緢ȻֵĿҶЦ
ɲҪڣ
ҶҶĻתһЦ
ߣܾ˵ҪҪҸһʱʱ׼ҶЦ
ˡ
Ҷһ˫ֻʯһͺȣ˫䣬ʯʱ𶯣εض˳˫ۣٵͷ
һ˲䣬㳡š
˶ǾžʯҶ죬ı飬ΪʣƬ֮һ󾪺
ȺУҶɷЦĳĳΪˣ
ȻģȻ²⣬ҶΪߣҶҲ𾪡
Զ峤ҶʨҲ𾪣۾ƺ뵽ʲôһԵİϣϼһǲ֪ˣ
ٺ٣ǵȻСӿǴȡ߱ƣҲ֪ôˣЦе
ƣһƣô似ⲻ˷츳𣿡Ҷʨʱˡ
õģСӿɲôëˣϸۿУû׼ǾϲءЦ
òΪܹɱƣҶʨȵ
ɣϲ÷һЦ
ôܣΪߣҲŶãôɱơҶʨҡҡͷҲҶ˱ơ
֮ǰûءЦ
⡭Ҷʨһͣʱ˵
Զ𾪣ŵҶ졣
¡
һ죬Ҷ¾ʯʹù㳡һ
ҶɨΧȺһȻʱΧЩˣ𾪵ؿ
ԭǸ˵ĸо𣿺ٺ٣𣡡ҶɨһȦзǳˬ죬ͷͨоԼƺϾͻƶˡ
ܣ
һ𣬴ӲԶҶŵصҶ죬ܣû꣬ôܳΪߣ
ʵʤ۱磡ҶЦ
ߣ˭֪ǲˣʲôֶΣбºұȱȣֵ¼УҶߵ
ҶĵԼҾʹ㲻붴㻹š
գҶ쿴Ҷ˵Ⱦͱȡ
ʱȺȻĿڴ


14 
ųԳֵ꣬ǵĿⶼ˹Ҳ֪λҶҴһţڽ֮Ƿܹһŵ
ȺУҶܣ˵ͣϸȥȴǣҶڳΪˣ
һԵҶɫЩѿƳһҶɣߵΪΣҶһذɡ
Ӹղſ˵ˣҼҪߣͰǿʯԵҶɵĻػҶߣֱתͷҶɡ
ҶԸӵİ棬Ȼ𾪡
û뵽СӾȻˣȻʧ֮лٴξֻֿ꣬ܺСû뵽ҶҴ壬ѵҶҴ壬ҪҶҴ嵮һλǿߣҶĿгϲɫ
Զ峤ҶʨϣȼλĳҲۡ
˵Сӣ˭ʤҶʨȤʵĿǿ˰ϵϣȻڴĻش
ϵһЦҶͻߺ󣬿Ϸܡ
СҪһˣҶʨԶʱЦϵĻȻű߼ʣȴһĿȻ
ֻҶһ̤߾磬Ϊ϶սǲǰһλü
ǵδأǶǸոս߲ãһ׶Σ˭ʤ˭ǵÿ˴˵ֶΡһλ˵
ˣҶϾһ߾磬İգ϶ҶҪǿĶࡣҲ˵
ˣȻҶûи׼ȷģôǱĿԴɣ
Ҷʨ˵ĿⶢŲԶԳֵ꣬¶Ȥ֮ɫ
λֹۣͣų뿴ȥ

ʱҶҶ˴˵۷塣
Ҷ컹ãʮ㣬վͷųһƣؿŶҶ
СӲűҽһ£Ҳֻǳɫ꣬ΪңŶЦҶҶ찵ЦзǳĲм
ͬһΪ£ǰֱľ飬ҶôҶô˫սȫһˮƽġ
ͺñһAK47ʿôһͬAK47ֱĶ֣ΪһֱҶǴսĥĳսʿҶȻһΪǿ˶ûɱôҶĶ֡
˫վڳеһʵѾֳʤֻ˲֪ѡ
¸£
ŶվҶ죬ҶЦ˫ȭգʼڣ˫ȭӿȥһǿʱһ¸¡
ѾһڣĽΣ֪ܲһںһ֮Ĳ࣬ٺ٣
ǳһĨЦҶ͵һ̤棬֮һαҶ졣ڰУҶ˫ȭӶһ̶ȭ硣
ֻͨһȭӳĽҶһڵҶ֮УԷûдﵽǲѧϰƽ似ġ
û似ҶһȭҲͬСɣԶսҶţǾˣǵؿҶ졣
ҶĸҶɣʱҲսȭͷףȻǳš

ȭХڼʱҶƽس֣ؾ˫ƣһ۷ǰ͵ȥ
䣡
һ죬Ҷ˫ȭҶ˫ƺݺײһ𣬷һƺߡ
ұҶЦЦ̣Ҷɫƽһۣҡҡͷ
һ̣һӴҶ˫֮бһƬˮڶҶĿ¶֮ɫֻüҺһ㱻һɴɳȥ
䣡
ҶڲԶĵ棬ȴ̲סһѪ
˿һĻԻȻ
ս̫ˣǷӦ
ˣ
Ҷ컺ӸµظҶ˵
ͣҶԣɫ͵һףĵصҶһۣٶһѪֱ˹ȥ
ȺеҶԼһѱҶ֮ɫ
ģֻǻ˹ȥͺˣҶ쵭˵һƲûҶԷǼŭģԼ˹ȥڣҲҶ֮⡣
ߣҶԣһؿһҶ죬ȻҶȥ

Ҷ죡
ԶҶɺҶţɱ֮ɫ
ʱΧȺѾȻһƬ˶ŵؿվڳҶ졣ÿ˵ж𺳣·һʶҶһ
峤ҶʨϣԼЩǣҲ֮ɫ
һ۷壿һǰŽߵģҶʨסе𾪣Щɻؿϡ
ϴ˿Ҳ𾪣ʱ֤һΣʱһڣӵȷǸոսߵġ
һڴһڽһ۷壬ûзһЩĵرꡭһλ˵漴
ҶʨͰʢ͵վһϲ
ѵǸ߼꣡
ǻɫ꣡
ҶʨͰ˵漴һۣӶԷпϲá
ԣҲϲѡ
Ϊĳ֪һǿĺôǼǼӵҶҴ嵮һǿˡ
ߣȥʣҶʨסеϲãһϳҶȥ
ʱҶ챻Χ룬ΧĽηı顣
ҶɰиöӰ
ҶҴĵһŷĪ
Ҿ˵Ҷģ

Ƿ׷̾ҶɹЦ⣬оⱲֵһˣӹٰ
ҶǳƽֻСغԱҶţ̸ƽΧĴû˿ļһĻҲûоϢһбʧˡ
ʱٳ㳡ҶԵ÷ǳƽзǳһǿΪ磬Ψʵ㡣
Ҷ죡
һϵȻõȺƽҶʨһڴϻֱҶ졣
峤
ϣ
Ƿ׷׺֮ɫЩ˵ĴڣҶҴܳΪׯ֮һ
ҶҴ壬û˸ҶЩ˲
峤
峤
ҶҶҲ
úúãЩˡҶʨ⣬ҶɻҪˣǰҶļ͵⺢ӹȻûʧΪˡ˵˵굽ʲô𣿡
ԣҲ䣬ؿҶ졣
ݴ½һ˵ȼԺĳɾ͡ԣһ仰ߵһС
ҶҴǶǳҶȼϾܹҶôǳɫŶԡ
ڻɫꣿЩûиȥ룬Ϊӵлɫָÿһţǿߡ


15 ϣ
ҵꣿ
Ҷԣ۾һУŶڴҶʨͰϣʱǲµʲôˡ
ܹڶ̶һͻߣҽһ۷壬Ҳǻɫ꣬Ѳµ
ɫ꣬ҶҴһӵУҲѹִ峤ǻἤˡ
΢΢һ£ҶҲûҪԼ꣬ϾҪԼ֮Լĸĸġ
ߣɫȻˣҲֻڰѣӴݴ½Ӧ㲻ʲôû˻Ϊġ츳ɱġ
ȻҪ˵ԼԽܣôԻڶ졣
գҶҶʨں΢ڴĿУ˵峤ҵǻɫ꣡

һʯͷˮУ˲𲨶
Ȼ²⣬ǵҶ׿˵֮˶ʱ
λϵĴһܣ·һӶƵġ
ҶʨͰҲ˷ܲѣЦúúá
ԱߣҶĸҶɣһ£漴ɴ۾𾪵ĿУ˼ϲá
Ȼˣ޶ӶӳҶһȭͷ˷ܡ
ΧĴǶǳܣʢеݴ½˭֪һλǿĺôʲô
Ǿڷɵϣ
ҶǷʱһλϴµĴ̾ϧˣ޶û꣬һܹΪҶҴǿߣܹҶҴ߳ƬƧ
ӵĻȴصһλǿܴӵı仯
ҪΪǿߣǸһСԣЩ񿴵Ҷӵлɫ󶼷ǳܡ
ȻƽҶЩСĦǹغӵʱҶҴĴ񶼻Žһ¡ҲΪˣҶҴܳΪǿ֮һ
Ҷʨǰ΢۵꣬гŨͣ΢֣ص˵ӣȻӵǿ꣬ǧҪ츳һҪΪһǿߣҶҴδˡ
죿ߺߣ
Ҷҡͷܹӵ꣬ɲģԼģûз峤һ𾴵ؿǰˡ
Ҷʨʵǿʮ۷壬ڰһǶǿߡҶȴ峤ϲƣѾˣᱻ̭ȻͦΪҪΪҶҴڷ絲ꡣ
һ˲䣬Ҷһߵĳ羴صص˵ͷ峤Ҷ췢ģһΪǿߵģһҶҴ߳򣬳Ϊݴ½ңΪ塣
ʱΧȺڻɫ֮Уѻȸ
Ҷ΢۵㳡شҶҴС
˶৵һ¿˹һ˫˫ĿϣҶ΢΢һܵһ˫˫Ŀ̺ļڴ
ҶȻڳ˶ûлɣɫһУοҶһֱŰı֣ܳΪǿߣ˭ܳΪǿߣ
Ҳʧģ
ɨΧĴǣҶһƬᶨȭͷաʵԽǿԽҶҴҲûرҶҴˡ
ãҶɵĶӣһ˷ܵĴҶɹЦԺ
׸˵ӣҶ΢΢һЦŬһУرˡ
˹ЦСӣԺлϷָ似
лϣҶԸ˵˵λִư󣬾ͨ似ҶҴ似һˣָԼ϶١
Ϸ򣡡峤ҶʨҲЦ츳ǻȫ㣬ȡʮ֮ǰﵽ߼
߼ڰѾǿߣܹʮ֮ǰﵽ߼ţҲָ
ҶʨҲΪҶɫǿ츳Ÿô˵ġ
ţһŬģҶͷ
˿̣ΪģҶҴϣ
ҶʨͰϵľûһ˷ԣӵлɫŲȫ࣬ǻ˭
ԶҶ濴űΧĵ꣬ͷһʲôʱȥѪǲμѪĿˣдӴڣҶҴҲϣˣҲܰĵȥѪ׷ѰԼˡ
ҪΪǿߣǸ⣬ԴҲǳҪͬ峤ҶʨӵһЩΪıôҲͻƵʦ
ϧڰƧûʲôطϡĶ࣬ط
ˣߣҪԴôֻ߳һǿ
ѪǵѪⷽԲһҲҶҴЩѪ֪ˡ
Ҷ츳ҶҴ׳һǿˡ֪Լ츳ʹ峤һҲֻܴﵽ峤ǸҪͻƳΪʦǼܵġ
ҶǳģȥѪǳΪѪҶҴҪŲò
ҶһظˣԸΪ˱ǿӣһֱڵȴȴԴų֣Է°ǰѪˡ
ҶҶҴ޶ӵĶӳ⣬ҶҴ庢ǵɵʦں֮ǰҶ츳һֱϣ
ֻǺҶ챻ʧܵϢڷ·תҶ츳ɴڣҳ
һ˵Сӣɫ꣬˵ϣ㣬ҶҴҲˣҶ΢Ľؿһ۱˻ƵҶ죬Ȼתȥ
ֵҶҶһսﵽ˸߳
ҶҴһŵţٴλصҶϡ
ˣһ񻷡ҶҴϣ
һУҶԵЩƽģϣõǿ޲ϾȥҪΪǿߡ
ͨӵǷŬʶһǿΪ磬ֻбøǿ󣬲ӵеλӵһС
һƬֵ֮įҶҶţƵҶɻؼҡ
ӣϵ̫ˣЩҲ˵ǷˣҲˡҶģǳˣơ
ҶŸ׵ľƻһᣬܹ󵽣ܵ˶˵ĳ
ĸףԴʧ֮ĸױҲûгˡ֪ĸײԸ˵˵Ļ
ף˵ӽԺҲʧˣ
Ҷ챳ѾĲʡµҶɣ貵ǿգУš
ҹ֮Уһ貵ǻʣһĻǳѤʡ
صУҶ콫׽ĸףԻˡ
С׻ڴϴҶĵʱӣǵҶ졣
Сһ㵹˯Ҷ춺ŪһСȻϥڴϣ
һѩǰܣͷͨҲܹͻƵ߶
Ҷ컺۾š
ãŨ˷ӿҶڻ۶ȥ


16 ߶
Ҷﵽһ۷ҲˣڴڼҲ߶ϧûгɹһ۷ʱ̫̣۲޷߶ƿ
գҶҶҴ壬Ҷͷͨ׼һԳ߶ƿȻҲûбϣϾٶѾˡ
һ˿ϣҶĳӦԼǹһ۷΢ٽûпľȥ
ÿ˵ڣʮʮһ죬Ψдͨʮ̤ߵĵá
ݴ½Ļ֣߽׶Σÿͨһǽһ
ҶѾͨһʱŵڶȥ
ûбľ˸۹ֻбͨ󣬾ϴˢõô˾ǿ󣬴Ӷɸ
ҶӵűԼͨһʱĿޣѾۼҺˡ
ʱСĵؿеǰٽȥ
ûбϴˢľǷǳĴģҶڳʱǳСģҲΪˣԶˣǳĵӦ֡
ҶǷֳһɺϸȴʵһȥһףȻ
һǳնḶ́һ޷֧֮ôṦһ
գҶҲг죬оȣԲаճ߶
һҪɹ
Ҷĵ׸Լžе˿Ĵ⡣
ھʱŬ֮һףȻӴͶ룬ʼס
һʣʱˡ
Ҷ찵˿ȻҴ⣬һȻѣȴǻĺܴͿԼֵܼܲסˡ
ʱţǸĻ£ԽԽ
ǺʹִȣԵñˮн
˿̣ҶѾͷˣĵķǳ졣Ȼ֪ʲôȴͨƣжϽԼֵܹʱ䡣
ļģҶоԽԽƣȥ˯һ
뷨ո𣬽ڹ㳡һ˫˫ڴĿѡ
ӽԺҶҴϣˣ峤ҶʨĻ쳹ͷ
Ҷƣ֮һɨ⣬·طͻ˼ޣȻǿ࣬ŻһƬ۹ȥ
ԣҶҴϣҲܾҪøǿ󣡡

Ҷĵһ𣬿͵һӹᴩһ˿˿۹ĳ£ų
һҶһЩɫ۹
ǴʱҶȴпϲ
ͻˣ
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͡
ͻ߶һ̣ҶڷڵȻҲȻѸٵسҶڳȥ
Ҷڣոձͨ˿ͬɱĺһѸٵתΪ
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ӣʹҶ쾫һɨ֮ǰƣ͵ӣо磬Ŀ⣬һ档
߶ڣҶңš
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ϰ׻ҵƤû꣬Ҳн죬֮飬ܷģһúչ˺ĺӡ
Ҷ˯С׻ġ
ϰ׻ıһӵбǿϣ˵ȶ飬ûǡ
ؿһС׻Ҷƿţ˳ȥ
ʱչ峿յĵһƹԣҶϣõϢ
һ̣ҶƺԼǰ·һƬ̹;ӵ꣬δǹ޿
һԼеϲѹ£ȻͥԺ
ΪȻҪ似ҲܻķϣʩչƣҶͱһƴˡ
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ݴ½ֻ似ܷӳǿʱһǿ似ԽɱУ漣
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Ҷ˵һ似ڰһѪȷ磬ʹðѪɺӣһλǿ߶ߡ
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䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡
һӰɳҶͥԺ֮ڷХ£ڿ֮У֮ŭ
һ˱ƴҶоӵˬ˻̧֮䣬ǿĸо
Ž߶ΪǿⱼƵǿ󡣡Ҷ찵ϲȻȻֻܴ˵ӰûͻľŵӰҲС
ⲿȱıƽǻƽ׵ͼ似ǿﵽ似żȻڰƧܹлƽ׵ͼ似ѾܲˣСӣûдﵽλ似
ҲΨǸһҴ壬ӵһƽм似нţƾнţΨһһʦǿߣҴͳСӡ
һ˱ƣҶ쳯ԼҵĴȥΪѾĸ׽緹ˡ
Ҷ߽кȴϵҶŻ£һԵĸ÷ϵĺ󱳣߶ͣ
ԶҶҶʱϾͼ˺һͣ
ͣˣҶغһڰϴ
һԵĸ÷֣Ժ󻹺ȣܺȻô࣬һˡ˵գҶʢһϡ
ԺɲѧôȣҪˣ÷һ˵
ţҶԹԵصͷЦ⡣

Ҷϴ֮߹Цⲻ̫Ժ󲻻ˣôҲӰ
ˣ
ͻȻһĸ÷ţҶҶ˫˫˽
ӳţҶԣʲôҶɿҶʱǿһԵҶԣɫʱ˵ʵ
ҶһԳϡǵ飬ùܡ
ֵܣ⡭ҶЩΣֹջ˵ʲô
Ҷԣģ㲻ȥĶϱܵʲôҶ˵ҶԸӵĽƣǼ°˵ƽǹϵҲãûʲô顣
ֵܡҶЦ
˵ɣġҶΣֻôԣ˵˳
ԭǹҶֽĻ¡
Ҷ͸ȥӭֽţȴҶˣȻ޷ˡȻȫҶҵģҶҲҹҶ죬ֻŽȥӭס
ּҴȴͬˣǶҶʱҲӭ׷ǳɳһּҴӵܷŻΨҶҴһͬˣ˳ӭס


17 Թ
ǳ򵥣ȻּҴ忪ˣҶҲԼû׼ʱȥӭףȷŮնԷҶҴһͶԷ֮ͬս
˷ǳԾҶҵǸҶҴ꾹ȻˣԷ׻ܡ
ҵļҵСӣҶ֮һЦʵ
Ҷ¿յ룬Ҳ˹һĺ֮ɫ
ҶҶЩε˵
Ҷ˵СǰҲˣֻСһ£ҲҶҴһţȻҲˣҶ΢΢ȡ
ּҴɳǸСӺǿ߶ڵʵҶԿЦҲûҶɵĻﲻģ̬ŵĺܵ͡
߶ڣҶʵĪǸΪּҴһŵ޵УҶ˵

Ҷ濪ˣЩص˵ӵȻҲǳɫ꣬ȴǳӽɫˣ츳ǿ
ΣѵҼ츳ǿ𣿺ߺߣ
Ҷ˵Ȼ˵ʲôüؿҶԣȵȣǸò׼Ҽȥս޵аɣ
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⡭ֵܣСܵĴ˲С˹ͰһΰɣҶ΢ؿҶɣͲ¿ͷˡ
һ˵ҶһǵһμҶԻ̬Ҳ˵ùȥ
˳ӭףôҶⱲӶ̧ͷˣ׵ҲҪڱҧӡ
Ϊ˶ӵҸԼӣҶԲòͷˡ
ҲһְĸףҶ찵ͷĿ˸֮䣬Ѿ
У
һȣԱߴҶɰҡͷֱӾܾҶɵЦҶҶҴһԼֱˣڽ飬ôԼŻҪȥӭ𣿡
ҶԶʱΣ˵ֻðؿҶ档
ҶЦһ£Ҷɣ˵ֵܣڲ£˷ӭǲɣҶһûˣҶҴҲ޹⣬ɹغҶҴӣͨһ°ɡ˵ҶѾǸˣԺʲôҪæҲԹۣһֵܣʲôԹܷ£
ԶԶԣֵܣԺʲô飬ϵɽ»𺣣ҶԶһüͷҶæ˵
⡭
ҶɳˣҶ涼ˣܲӣϾ˵ҶҶҴҶ涼ǼҰܴ
ӳҶСԸҶŸոսߣȻܹҶǸСӣҲ޵еĶ֣Ӧú߶һĲж󣡡Ҷ漴̾
ȻԼӱСӡҶûһ˿ŭֵܣ֪Ҷ򲻹޵УּҴҲֻҪΪһ£ֻҪҶܹ޵֧һʱ䣬ּҴҲټȥˡϾⲻǱ䣬ӭףּҴܲȡְɣ
Ҷʵ߶޵ǰܹ֧һʱġҶҲ˵
ҶԣЩɣתͷҶ죬ʵأϵģ
ʱҶҶԶҶ졣
Ҷ֮ɫ̾С죬ǰĵȷ֣ǺƤϣܹһΣԺ󡭡
˵ˣ
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ҶüûгһԵҶ촽˲ȴûпڣֻ̾˿
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Ҷһʱ֪ǸղҶˣ¶ЦݣҶг͡
ҶЩ⣬ȴ˿ʵҲûжôҶԣϾҶ˵һֵܣʲôԹܷ£
Ҷ㡭ӦˣҶЩţԼûɣ֪Լ֮ǰô۸ҶģԷȻܹǰӡ
Ҷ˹ҶԣЦҺҶǺ֮֮˭ûиʢʱ򣬴ҶҶҴľʲôԹ壬㾡ܷģ°ˣһҶСڽ붴
Ҷ졭Ҷжһʱ䶼֪˵ЩʲôˣΪԼǰеǳ
գҶοҶһۣҶɱ˱ȭֵܣмĻҲ˵ˣԺ󡭡
ԺǾֵܣ
Ҷû˵꣬Ҷɱ˹ҶԵ˫ȭֵܣҶҴÿһӶֵܣ峤˵ֻͬЭҶҴӵķ١
ҶĻඥҶɶȻˡ
ǰҲвԵĵطҶЩԳ˵Ƕ߼ʱ򣬶ӳȴ㵱ӳһЩͼʣˣˣ
ֵܣҶ۾ʪгж
ҶһԿţаͷôΪˡ
ڰҵĵطһӲͬЭĻôᱻ̭Ҷ޶ӵĸӳʵҲǿҶҴĸ߲㣬ˣŪҶҴڲìܣ绯˫ĶԹ˴ͬЭҶҴߵĵط
ϾҶΪˣ̬ǷǳģûҪΪС֮ĶԹҶҴΣ
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Ҷ˹صסҶɺҶԵȭͷһ֣֮ɫ
Ҷ쿴ӣ·𿴵ҶҴδһƬĹ
ãӭ׵׼ȫһϲͣҶҴĴſڣҶ桢Ҷһͬ
塭壡ҶӺҶҶԶʱ˷ĿҶɺҶʱЩӣȴûбֳʲôŭɫ
Ҷ죡ҶҶк
Ҷ״ҶɡҶ뿪طС
ǲᳳɣãҶЩĵػͷ΢ǵ˵
ҶҲǣҲ֪ԼӺҶĹϵ⡣
ҶһȻЦĺˣҶԸ˽⣬µģ֮䣬ֺ
ҶɺҶԣ˵ͷ
ӭ׶ĺ󷽡
ϣָͦ𣿿ǲˡҶ쿴ǰɫӵҶЦ
ллҶһҶ죬Ȼ˵
лҸʲôӿǱҴģѲǷŰ֢Ҷ˸һ£Цȥ׷Ҷ˵Ρ
Ҷһ㶣漴ҶıӰ󺰵Ҷ죬һ죬һģһˣҲҶҴĵһš
Ŷ𣡡
ҶԣǳһĨЦݣͷ󺰵ҪŬˣҲսʸûУ
ҶҲЦ
ذЦݣֵЦҶҴ塣
ԶҶ桢ҶɡҶԵȣһҶҴĺǣԼͬ¶΢Ц


18 ޵
ȻѾ󣬵ҶҴȻһƬɫ磬ıѩƬãĴء
ҲԸûһ·ϣǳƽҶ桢ҶԡҶ˳̸ʱطˬʵЦ
ҶһͷСԣ̸۸Ȥ£õٹݴ½ҪϢ
ѪǣңԶɽһǿɡš
ѪѾǳǿ󣬵ǱţȴͬϺ;һ㣬ȫܱ⡣
ÿɽŴ򿪣ʦǿǰʦѪڣϰǳصţƼɽ
ǳ棬ҹ˵оѪڣ

Ҷ滺˵һһ˾ĴţЩ˵߸ϵѪǣѾңɼˣοЩ˵еɣ
ܶˣֻƤӼпɵĴš
ҶԺҶɶŵĴţҲֻǵѣ֪ԼʣʦĻᶼѾãˣﻹȥʲôɡ
Ҷ棬ҲûԼҪʲôɣǲܵġΪֹҲûһܹĳɡѪǣ꣬Ҳ˼Ŷѡ
ɣǿߵľۼأŹ淶ϵͳԵһһݵľǿߡ
ҪɣǼֱȵ컹ѣСطҲġ
ţҶСһâ
Ҷǲȥ룬ҶҲ룬˵Ϊˣ͵ӵ꣬СطҪ뿪ġ
ţһõط
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ӭ׵ĶٶȺܿ죬һڴϣշѹѩһƬɫѩ
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ΪҶҴ岢еׯ֮һּҴҲڵһӴ䣬ߴԺǽ߼ʣʵĴţȫҴɣʮ֮أ
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ǰöҶҴ岻ԶٲԼᣬȻܶؼң͵ּҴԺѣûּҴ塣
죬ҶһּҴ壬ƬİĴׯʵҶҴûжٷֱֻǻͬѣĶһ١
ӭ׶Ľ룬ּҴΧ۹Ҷ찵̾ٲΧ۵Ⱥڡ
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ƣҴһҶӵһʦǿߣҴ޵Уռ˰ֵء
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ӵҶ˻֮£ӭ裬ѾҴׯİˡ
ˣЩ飬ҲܲˡʵҪֻҪܹΪʦǿߣôҶҴڰҲûκвˡҶ̾˿ҡҡͷЩ£˵ΪҪ
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Ҷ쿴ȥǸʶǵ׵ּҴ峤ۣǸ꣬Ӧþ޵˰ɡ
ִ峤ӭף֪ǧǷѾ׼ãҶ汧˱ȭ֣ص˵
û˵һԵַЦӭףĹҪӭףӮҶ˵ѲҶҴҪڣ
˵գϷʵؿҶԣ߸ŭԡ
ȻԼ˹أǱ㲻ݷڣҲΪǣֻҪСӣܹ޵֧Űмɣ۵˵ͷ
Ļ£Աߵ˳һưؿҶˣͷ˵ɣϣܹһСӣȭʹѪûáҶҴѵǷһŶˣ
һҶԡҶŭҶɫҲ


19 һ
޵У÷ôͳ˵ģ
޵еĻո£۱ȵֻ˫ϵУû˿֮⡣
Ҷ޵жʱеһ˿ѹȻưޱȣмɨҶһ飬Ŀ䵽Ҷϡ
С𣿡޵ָҶʵ˸Ĺâ
֮ǰ۵ĿⶼҶϣûзֺҶ졣ʱ޵еĻ£۶ʱĿһ
޵УҶ죬û꣬Ķ֣ӦˣĿ˸£ƽ˵·Լ˻һɶˡ
ҶȭͷһЦгŭ𣬲ҪҶ侲Ķˡ
ŶǴǸҶҴĵһţŶҲˣһûķˡôһսң޵йЦҶţΪУֻҶû󣬱㽫ˡ
ûꣿǺǣѡ
ַҲЦҶ棬ʵҲˣҶСԼϰɣαһأҼ޵гּ֣ҴһӶҪǿ
үһһ䣬Ҷɫࡣ
ϻ˵Ҷս޵УǿЩ׼ɣҶߵٺԸϻ
ʲô

ַɺ޵Զʱɴ۾Ҫ֪ǸոֻǴҶѣϾ˭һûķս޵УҶ滹ûôɵɡ
ֻҶᶨĻԸɻ
һԵҲüͷ˵Ҷ죿Ҷ棬ˣʲôУĪǲӭˣ±գŮֲǼ޲ȥߣ
ִ峤ˣǻųΪѡҶ죬Ǵ֪ˡҶ浭˵
Ŷʮһ˿ɻ󣬿Ҷ죬ʱҲ¶һ˫ĮĿ⡣
ȻǾͿʼɣ˵ǰͷǴӦĹأҶ޵֧Ų˰УôǾͱӭס۳һ£˵
Ҷ˵ͷߵҶߣ˵ôа𣿡
ʵϣҲûжٰգϾ߶һĲ̫ˡ
⣬ҶһЦ˵ͷģʲôʱʧ
ҶһǰŵҶ죬·ֿǰǸɳܵͯСͿ̿ĺӣ䱧кܴϣ
ҶǿҶ쳤ģӵһ쿪ʼ㷢ӵǹŵЦݣֱǴʧܡ
ŵЦݣٶȳǰ
ҶЦˣ֪ԼõˣҶļ򣺡ԺҶҴ㽻ˡ
˰ԼҶصص˵ͷ漴˳ȥֱ޵Уңͬ档
ְɣһּҴľѧ
ĮԴõһһּҴɵ΢΢Ŀ·Ҫʶеġšһ
ƾ㣿
޵ʶĶֵȷҶˣɵ¶һ˿ЦƾһûķҿҶҴûˣȻսң
мĻһԵּҴЦҲһûķܹ޵֧ŰС
ͽ߶
֮ʮǧ˵䲻Ļ޵һָܴҶ졣
ȻǵУҶ첻һûͽѡ
ֻǣҶû
ԶҶ桢ҶɡҶЦš
Ҷ쿴޵У˵ϣйҲͬôְɣ˷ʱˡ
ȻôҾԸ޵Цһ£һ˫ȭͷХ
Ҷʱ߶ڵ޵У˿⣬֪ԼһȲ϶Էֻȡʤ
ǵģȡʤ
ҶûҪ޵֧ŰУҪʤȻٶӵ꣬ô罫Ҳܹˡ
ҶĿңӶˣԱһѸٱ𣬳ǰȥ
ŶٶȲϧûнߣǰһ޵пҶ죬۾һУһȭֱֱҶ졣
Ҷ״Ѹһȭӭȥ
ȻԶ㿪һȭȻñȡʤҶûôż޵еԷϾֻһС磬Ӧûôԡ
˼֮䣬˵ȭͷһ
Ҷ¶صɫųꡣ
һּҴ¶Ц⡣
Ȼ޵Ӳƴֻ첲Ƿˣ
²ֹҶû꣬߶ǣһȭ㲻ҲҪзϡ
ǲ̫ˣ
ʲôģҶҴɳһӦսǱһѵߺߣ

ΧһЦ
ַۡҲؿųжս꣬ǵУƺҶѾһзˡ
Ȼ
䣡
һ죬˵ĶУ漴˵۾һŵصɴ۾
УҶһȭ޵еȭͷ֮ϣʱоһǿӶԷȭͷӿǻĽܷΧֻѡ
޵һˣг𾪺Ͳš
߶ڡҶһЦеԽŨˣ̽޵еѾ֪ԼֻҪƾűƣȡʤˡ
߶ڣܣ㲻û𣿡
ͬҶĵ޵𾪣̲סȵ
Ļõһ漴һƬȻ
ۺַҲˣ۾ɵϴŵҶ졣
Ҷ桢ҶԡҶҲһ£漴˵г˾ϲҶɣֱӹЦˡ
߶
ôܣ
Ǿʧôˣ߶

ΧһƬеּҴ񶼾ˣʵǰ˭ΪЦ
һûķȻһӱ߶ţ
̫˰ɣ
ûʲôܣʿգĿԼ׾ѡҶ˵һޱȳ졣𾪵ӣ˷ܲѡ
ߣΪΣ߶ںͳ֮Ĳ࣬޷ҵġ޵дʱҲܲʲô֮ԼˣǰյĶ֣ٶȳΪв̲סҪܶԷ֪ĵһš

ǰĿյչԾ߶÷ǳҡ
Ȼ˶óҶսǳḻȻȲ޵УȴѾѹסˡ
޵ŭȥʲôӢۣ
ŶȻӲƴұȫ㣡
ҶЦٱƽ޵Уһƺ˵ӰɳΧХÿѡ
˿һĻɴ۾һ


20 
ƣ
Ҷʩչ似ҶԺҶɲΪҶҴǿߣȻ֪ǿѧ似
ҶҲǳȣƣ֪似ļѣҲֻܴӰ֮ѧ
û뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼܹ˵ӰѾǽ似˽Բľˡ
䡭
˵Ӱ޵зֲʵֵĿ֮УȫϣǿӰбֱӽɳ֮Զ
ͣ
һҺ޵һѪɫǳ԰ףȻûιȥս֮ŲԶҶ죬ϳ˲ʡ
ĸַɣ˿ҲˣŴ˵
ҲضҶ죬Ȼܹղ似ѾҶ˼ΪĵزҶԽʤС
Ҫ𣿡
Ҷ쵭ʵ
ʱΧѻȸּҴ꣬Ŵͣɴ۾һ˵
𾪺𺳣ı顣
ȿȣҶһԣΧ˴֮˻ߵǰ˵ִ峤ǿӭ𣿡
˻ŻعҶҶ죬Щӣһ֮ϻָɫȻͨ˹أϷȻ赲ɡˣС
飬Ҷᣬתȥصӭ׵Ķ֮С
ʱҶҴĴ񣬻ּҴĴ񣬿񶼱ˡǰǳ͡ݡ̾𾪡šʡ
Ҷ첻˵Ŀ⣬Ҷк
лˣҶҶ죬Ц֮ɫ߶ǺǣҿⱲҲ׷ˡ
һЩģۿҶ޵еһս֪Լ츳Ҳ׷Ҷˡ
Ҷ첻֪ôοǰֻ꣬Ҷļ򣬵ˣһҪԽˣһҪԽԼ
˵꣬ҶˣҶܲ򣬾Ͳˡ
ԽԼҶҶıӰ
ҶԼҲû뵽һҶҴһλǿĴ峤˺֮ǡ
ֻʱҶ죬ѾƬصĶǿˡ

Ϧ£ҶҴӭ׶飬һּҴ𾪡ӵĿУҶҴķȥ
ⱾһϲӣּҴ壬ڣ޷
ǿŽԶȥӭ׶飬ֱܾã̾˿
ҶҴһ˲õţ˸̾ϱԱߵѵһָָۣۡ
ΪּҴĴ˭֪ǰʱ۱ҶԼ飬ҶΪǷˣٶȱš
һܵĿ¾ˡ
ûнԼôۿ϶ޱȣΪһŵŮ
ڣѾ׵ˡ
ɢ˰ɣۻ˻֣ʮʵȻΧǵĵһ̾תȥ
һּҴҲɢȥ
ּҴһ䱻סʯ⣬һŮͨΨһĴͱڵһȹŮ˵
Сã֪ҸղϢҶҴӭ׶ˡŮѩʱ
ŶĮεڴ
ȹŮɫ԰ף˫Ϊף·һܽƵġ
ѩԼСãһᣬ̲סСã㲻Ҫپʳˣ֪ҸղſҶ죬ӭ׶һˡ
Ҷ죡
·𴥶һƬϣȹŮ৵һ˹Ŵѩ㣬Ҷˣòãˡֻһ棬ء
Ů档
ѩʱˣæο˵СãޣһϢҶ첻ˣ޵УһҪס˵ʧģˡ
ԼСһϲǿСģѩ̲סȫˡ
޵У㣬οˣû꣬꣬Ҳܴ޵СȹŮҡͷΪּҴ֮ˣҲ֪޵еĿ츳Ǳд˼š
Ҷ첻˵û꣬꣬Ҳڶ̶һ̤߶Ȼ޵еĶ֡
Сãģѩԣ֪СúţʵԼҲţʵˡ
СãҸ˵ΪҶûӭףµǸҶ޵Уô޹ȥ𣿡ѩȻһתҵһ˵Сˡ
ȹŮһɻؿŴѩ㣬ûƭңѩһӣЩˡ
ģôƭ㣬㻹ŶּҴ嶼֪ҶˣһǾšûпղŵӣһĲˣȻǺڱǽԼˡѩ˵
ô˵ҺҶ컹лˣȹŮʱϲ԰׵ɫһӶࡣ
ǵȻһŵŮ˭᲻ҪֲǱŰɣزõͻˡѩæͷֻﰵ֪̾Ҫӣ򵱳ҲСúҶԼˣΪҪһŮ
ȻҶָ츳ȥָԼҲܵģҶԼǻлᡣ
ǵҶ챻ֽǰ裬ΪӵЦܹһ
ѩҡҡͷʶҶܾˣ֪һǿˡҸСãֻסСã顭Ժ˵
ҹּҴעкܶ˯ž

ּҴ岻ͬʱҶҴ壬һƬֵ֮С
Ҷ飬ҶҴ嶼ף֮ô֣˵Ҷ߶޵е顣
ȻҶӣҶǣ峤ҶʨȥһԷ
Ҷ죬û뵽ôͽ߶ˣǻΪҲҪһأҶʨЦҶҴܹһţǳˡ
ǰƶز㵽׻жپϲûиǰ͵ؿҶ졣
λϣЦݵؿҶ죬ҶЩΣҡͷ峤ϣûˣ޵УѾҵȫʵˡ
⻰˵ģ޵кܲ򵥣ŸոͻƵ߶ֻչȫʵܽܡ
Ҳˣ͵ʱ򣬻ûнأǻɫ갡Ҷʨ̾ЩĽӵлɫ꣬ôںܿѾʦǿˡ
λҲǸпѡ
ܿˣҲʼԻؼˡ
Ҷ죬Ȼ似츳ҲܵҪ֪ΪǸԵôıǿҲսʤԷ󣬰ǰҶѵ
ţϷģ׵ģҶ֣صص˵ͷѾ챻˴Բ磬ȷ˼Ϊ档
˵ĲΪǸ


21 ܳûС
ôɽ޶ˣҶҴĺǣҲڼȴůһЩٳȥԡ
ҶҴһܴĴӣ֮ǰҶĴ£Ѿ湻˹ʳҲõûʳԡ
ѩ׷ɣһƬס
ӣûԸ߶ڼпޣԼʵ
ΨҶ⣬ÿ죬ȥɽһЩ߶ѩսĥ似ǿʵս顣
һµıͻƾӰﵽ˴Բ硣
ԴˣҶֹͣ似ʼȫǿΪ
ɫĳǿ츳֮£ٶȷǳ죬һµ൱ڱһ߶ڣֱӽ

ķѩƮڿУһ飬衣
㾭һµʱ仺ͣȻûиı٣ѩ׵ɽȻûж޵Ӱ
ҪȵºָܻůͣҶ촩ŻƤźĻѩɽ֮У
һγĥˣ
·ϤٲҶûͣɽ֣һĿǱϴƽʮ
ѩܶѾûһ˿вˣǸһˡҶ찵뵽
Ϊһֱ֪ʵսҪԣһʵ࣬ǾҪһ֮ʵȵĶĥȻû취Լʵ
һԼʵ޷ƿأǻ̸λܱˣ
Сĵεɽ֮УҶ쳯Ƭδ֪ĵ̽룬ͻȻԶһŭɽ֡
ţǺëܵҶüͷһ¶Ц⣬ëޣ˷Ŀ֮һ
Ҷӿٶȣźķɱȥһ㿴һͷëĴܣѩôǳ뺷
ʱëҲž޴۾׺ݵضҶ죬֮ͣû˿ֱ˹ȥǿϢһХ
úãҶ첻ϲӱȻѸٴƣŵӰɳʮ㣬𾪡
ëһʮᣬʲôʵӰŭҶ죬һȭݺ¡ƺܴȭͷһʯ
ֻҶٶȻȣԶëܣ˲ͬʱŵӰſֲݺݺںëϡ
ëܾ޴ھŵӰĺ֮£Ҳסɳȥݺݵڵϡ
𣡡һУȻش˺ëܣͬʱҲݺݼŭ񱩵ޣһеҶ죬չ׺ݵĹɱ
Ҷ侲ӭսȻëѾΪǣΪ˱ˣٶȣñƽë
䣡
ڣëܾ޴ڵϣҶ¶˷ܵЦݡ
ڵʵŴԲıƣѾĶ֡
Ҫ֪֮ͬУԶҪĶࡣҶҴһЩ񣬸ͷëܵĶ֡
ΨнԲҶ죬֮ͬУɵػܺëܡ
ë֮Ҳ㲻ˣû뵽ô׾ͱһˣȻҵļʵ
ҶտտǰƬδ֪ɽ֡
ɵػ˺ëܣʮ㣬ǰ룬ܲļޡ
һ³çľΪǰѾΣ޳ûĵƽҶҴ޶ҲСĽ
ĿǣҶ컹Ǿȥ
˺һЩǿҲԸļӦúСҶţ׼ǰԶֻƬΣΧתת

̤ƬΣʱҶܵһɳصѹȸУûʲô޳֣ƾճѹֵա
Ҷһݣ֪Ϊ˵̫ǿ޳ûʹѹ֡
裬ҶСĵǰ۹棬˷ŲߵĺᣬԼ̫Сĵؼ̽롣
𣡡
ͻȻһҶ䷢飬Դһ
ãҶнûпޣ͵֪ԶԶԼܹġ
ʱҶ쳯ǰܣڱ֮УعͷֵһĻ
𣡡
һͷëľܣ󲽣Ҷ׷
ëܣ
ǣǺëܣҶͲŵˣսûС
ҲȻǺë弶ޣôôҶ쿴һľܣŵðһͷëʵﵽ弶
ëͨĺëܴһǿ׷Ҷõ涼
Ҷ첻һͷôǰܣںëȻޱȣٶһƣǺëҲ׷Ҷ졣
ƬǳΣգ˭֪»ʲôǿޣ
ôȥǰ취Ҷ찵ëǳô󶯾һǿޡ
Ҫǳֻһٶȼޣôֻܵˡ
ҶޱȽһ߱ܣһɨܣ˼İ취
޴ĺëʮ㣬׷Ҷһʱǰƣ۶ûУҶˣٶȼࡣ
һ֮ľ࣬ŵҶЩˡ
ô죿ô죿Ҷ켱ˣһʱʵҲ֧ŲסˡٶǱȺë죬ȴԶԶȲϺë˫𣬸޷⡣
ΪˣǰֱܹѵʱҶҲ޷侲ˡ
ڵҪ˰ʱԻᱻë׷ϡ
Ҳò꣬ҲҶŭ𣬳˲ʣǳڡ
ǰļ䣬һֱԼȱ˴ֻҪԼļƻһΪǿߵġһ㣬ǾԭѾһˣǳ޺ߵݴ½ʲôΣնпܷ
Ҷ첻֪ԼǰĽ֮Уֱ˿̣ʶĹء
ڣûսʵ
𣡡ëŭԽԽ
ҵҶ죬һ֦˶ʱǰݴˤȥײһʯϣ۵졣
ܲô࣬æ׼ٴܣȻȻ䣬ԱһСڣպÿ롣
޾֮·Ҷ۾һϲҲ룬ֱźĶ˽ȥ

ëɱ޴겻ȥֻܸźڶҶ첻ŭ
ֽҶЦٺǳűŭĺëܻһȭͷơ
𣡡
ëӣԽԽŭ겻ֻ׺ݵشŵ棬Ĵز
йһ֮󣬺ëû߿ֱںڶǰɴ۾Ҷ졣
ֵҶżˣѾĲߣô뿪
ɲһֱⶴϾҪԷģȥëɱҲᱻġ
һӣҶ׺ëġնġˡ
Ժ˭ٸ˵ܱӾ͸˭ҶвҺ


22 
ж
һڶĺëҶЩΣֻźڶ룬뿴ʲô֡
ĳЩ޿ٵĳѨôܹЩԵģȻһܹж٣ܹ֧һʱҲͻϣ
Ͼĸþδ飬һġܵĲǺԶҶҴѰңкܴܹҵ
ԣҶлôġ
ȻͨصףѲʲôɣҶոߵȻһƬʯڣһ·ȥ

Ҳ֪˶ãҲһʱҲʱĵģҶеԼĺҲû
ǳľ
Ϊˣǰֱʱ򣬾⻹Ҫ¼ŵĵطͲҼˡ
һһƬҼǰ
ҲֻҶ죬ǰпѵ־ǳǿ󡣶δ֪ûк£һ̽
Բʲô޿ٵģѵΪģʲôżɣֹһʱ䣬ҶԽˡ
Ȼ֪ݴ½кֵܶޣʲôޣҲûҪԼĶѨڵôɣ
ңҶ첢ûܵһ˿һζȻṳ̂롣
һҶ쾪ˡ
ƾǰ֪ʶҶΪȻγɵģôô룬պһ˴Сټʯڵĺۼ¶һϢΪġ
̽ȥżܹҵĳڣҶţӿеٶȡ
Ҳ֪˶ãҶоЩƣʱǰһ⣬ʱһ
йԴڵͷ𣿡
Ҷ۾һ
Ѿ׼ȥˣϾڼȥҪˡ
첻ˣľͷ
Ҷ쵱ӿٶȣǹԴǰһϵˡ
ϵԴʱһ緢Ҷʱ죬ϵĺȻʧࡣ
ҽҶɴ۾͸ڣǰһƬڵҽ
ڱڵҽƯľʯһ޴ʯͷ棬Ȼһλӣ۾û˿Ϣ
ˣ
Ҷʱһû뵽ֵطȻˣϾͷѾˣŪôӦñˡ

ȵҽڣط¶ȷǳߡ
Ҷ첻һǺ̲סѵ£ֱӴŻȹһʯ棬ȻһʯСĵسǸӽӽ
Ե޹ֵطһˣҶ첻ϲԷܹڴˣһʲôˡǰС˵вôд
ʲô似£ʲô

Ҷ;˷ܣû׼δѲк󸣡
һ˼Ҷǿ޴ʯͷ棬̽̽ӵĺȷ϶Էȷ͸ˡ
Ҷ˿ϸشӡ
˵ݷǳӢïһӢˣһſףҶ춼硣
꿡ĸ־ݴ˵ġ
괩һɫۣһſ˸ǳǰķװ˿̣ҶҲɵ̾
һǳۣݣɱκŮ˧簡
ⲻǰˣҶƬ̣жϣܹ·ҴҲҲ·
ԣҶжϴ˲ǰģǴģѪǵģԶ
һˣܵʺĵطʲô
ҶɻǰѾ֪ȥõ꣬Ȼ˹֣֣ˣȻѾˣô֮Ҳˡ
˵ţҶһ桭Щаˣ
Ҷ
һ飬Сƿӣһɫơ
һˮӣһֻɫ䣬ǳ
ҶһӾͱɫˣ⻨̫Ưҿ϶κһŮ˿ϲġ
֣ҲһˣҲգҴݣһ㽫仨͵İСҶЩ֣ص˵漴ˮӣ鿴Ʒ
עıǱˣ֣־Ϣܹ֪Ҳһ
ǿҵĺģҶ鱾ӳıĸɫ塪ǳ֣֮
ƺһ似Ҷ۾һЩڴЯ似϶æ
ǳ֣֮׵ͼ似ǿ󣬷ǻɫʲʦΪ
ϵĵһλҶϲ֮С
似Ȼ似ѪǣҲҲ似ߵֻǻƽм似ѣ
Ҷ֪ԼεõˣȻһ似ȻҪʦϵΪŻɫ츳ﵽʦģʱƾǳ֣֮˭Ķ֣
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Ҷһ֣̾ص˵֣ģĶĳһ㱨ġѪҲύʦã㰲Ϣɣ
ΧҽûҶûĸоѪԹࡣ


23 

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ʹҶҴ޶ӣҲǿˣԶһˡ
ҶҴ壬󲿷׳츳ʵ弶֮ѡѾ޶ӵľӢԱˣҶ츸Ҷ߼ھӢеľӢҶҴҲлȨģ㽫ˣҲܳΪĳϵġ
Ҷ߰˼ǿߺҶ߾żǿߣһδ峤ĽӰˣʵȨϡ
ڣҶΪټϴԲıƣ߼ǿҲһս
ʵҲһǿˡ
ԴˣҶŸоԼݴ½ıǮˣԺ󲻱ڶڴˡһܹв˺ˡ
ܣǸˡ
ҶһЦŶȥ
𣡡ܵڵĶëʱ鿴ҶͷʱԼľ޴£׼һ
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Ҷ챻ĵ÷һĻûг֣ǺëƱҶץסѲá
𣡡ȻëûǣǴ˿Ҳɵøеòŭ
׷Ӻˬ𣿡
ҶһЦץźëƣһ͵ؽȻݺݵڵ档
䡭
ʮεĺңͷǿĺëֱӱҶˤ


24 ޶
׾ٵؽëҶԵЩ˷ܣʹشȻӱ𣬳ҶҴķɱȥ
εҶٶȷǳ죬оԼƷһ㣬һʱ㿴ҶҴˡ
ÿ죡ۺôʱļޱܣڵȻֻ֮һ
ҶҴ岻ԶҶͣȻ΢鿴һԼڵʱϲ
֪ǿ˶ٱҶоԼòһ
ûȥˣû뵽ҲҶ쿴˿գʰ𼤶飬ҶҴȥ
ʱѾҶصеʱÿҶɳ
СӣȥˣôôŻϵ׼ȥأҶɿҶ죬üͷһɣʱһ߶
ƽʱҶȻҲȥûйôҲġ
Ҷ׼ȥѰأͿҶˡ
ϵҶˣȥԷɣҶæ⣬ɲҸϵ˵ԼŵҪҶ֪ȥΣˣ϶ٲһٰᡣ
㻹֪ԷȥɣѾ׼ˣ͵ˡҶҲûж룬Ц
үһǰһ󣬽ů͵
Ҳǵģô˻ܡݵү÷ӭʱٲһ߶
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÷ıӰҡͷ̾Ϣ֪үƢһ·߲ͨˡ

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ĸЦݣҶһʵҿԼ޶𣿡

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Ҷɲǰ׳գ֪ԼӶҶҴҪһʲô飬Ҷ϶ҪһҶġԣŷҶȥ޶ӡ
ллҶԲɵ¶ЦݣڿԼ޶ˡ
Աߵ÷ҶһۣƺԹӦӼ޶ӡ
ӣ߰ɣү֣˵ܴһΣ緹ҶҶ죬Ŵſȥ
ǵСĵ㣬ҪǶһëҺû꣡÷ں溰
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ԣҶҴйأ˽ɽԣʱ䲻˽ر
ÿνɽ֮ǰȰѱԱǡ
ҶԣҵѪǹңˣ˳Ҷ׼һѡӣҪʲô
ԶҶɺҶ첢ҶɶҶԴ


25 
ҶҴſڣ޶ӵԱԼһЦǺǵؽ̸ţǳ֡
ҶɣѪǹ͸׼ˣ˵ʲôҶҶɵʱԵһѪɫǹȡԴӻԹ֮˵Ĺϵֵ࣬һ
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޶ӵ˶ҶɡҶ츸
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˶һ𺳡
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ּսΨ߰˼ϵǿ߲ܲ룬ʹȥҲﲻʲôæۡ
ҶһڶԱһСĵع۲ܣһ߼ս
ȻһҪģ޶ӵĶԱ̫ġ


26 Ⱥ
޷ǳȻҶռϷ磬Ϊ˱Ҷû̱Ƶ̫ݣ뱦ζֱ޵ķѵĲʱһٱ豦һ
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һ޶ӶԱʼ÷Ȼó
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Ǽս߰˼ǿҲˡ

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ԽԽģΰӰҶ۾ʪˣзһŭ


27 ߼
ڣǹ⣬ʱ֧Ԯ׼ã
޸ֿڻ

Ҷأһд޶ӵĶԱȻ֮󣬱侲һȥִС
䣡
һſŴǰһƬҶҴʷϣҲûȺľͻһ顣
ʱҶҲֻܾ˳ˣϣ峤ǿɣ
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Զɽ֮УһֻֻХǳ֣׺ݵض޶ӣŷ˽
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ҶҺʣҶԼڸ첲£ҶҴķܶȥ
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ΪҶҴ壡ҶһǰǶӳЩ޶ӵĶԱǣ֮ƴΪҶҴ塣
ܳΪǿߣ߳ƬƧôҲͲټˣȻΣգҶؿҶһۡ
Ҷԣ侲
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Ϊ棬ڰĴׯҪɽƴԡ
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ҶɱͷХ½Ϊ̣ͺСʵ弶ԱҶΪХǡ
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Ҷһ֣ʱҶҴǵ𾪣Ž
峤ҶʨҶ桢ҶԡҶǶˣ׷׾


28 ɱ
ҶȻ֣ҳȺҶҴĴ񶼾
ҶɸǱŵøεѣæ𣺡ߣ
Ҷ桢ҶǶޱȽǶ֪ҶʵԸһͷХǶѣοǳȺǾΪ
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ûлشҶѾ˳ȥг裬նɱһͷͷɱХǡ
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ȣҶ͵ظܵһʹжʱʲôһ䣬ҧһ£Լĸ첲ͷХһ
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ӳ
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ΧХٴɱȻҶֵķǳХ̫ˣΣûн
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žʹҶֳֵһɨȥԴ档ؼʱ̧צסΪҶһ
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ģȻûʧ峤ҶʨһҶļ˷ܡ
ҶЦЦҪ˵͵ؿ峤һֻ첲Ҷ棬Цݶʱˡ


29 µĶӳ
壬㡭
ҶҶǲȱۣɫʱ䣬˵ӡˡһ£뵱СҶ֮·ϵʦҲǳصһˡ
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ݴ½ޱߣʹǿѪǣҲǴ׹ڵһͨСǶѡڰ⣬кֵܶأܹ߳ȥҲƴˡ⣬롣Ҷ˵꿴Ҷ졣
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Ҷ컺Ƥޱ𺳡
һʶ裡
һʥ޵У
춷崫桭꣬ⳤ治࣡
Ҷ˳֮У춷崫¸̫ˣǿĵ⣬ǿߣ簡ݴ½
һ̣Ҷޱ硣
һѤʣ׳磬߳ȥǸһ˷ѣ
ҶоԼѪҺڷˣûҪ߳ƬƧû㼤˷ܡ
Ҷ죡ҶҶ˲侪ѣתͷҶ档
ʱҶͰ֮ɫ
Ц˵Ҷ죬㿴춷崫˰ɣ¿ݴ½ǳеģ˲֪
Ҷ˵ͷһ£ݴ½Ҳǿġ
ȻʥʵǿĴڣƾ޵һָ㽫춷룬֪ʥжôǿˣƾ֮ء
ǽĴڰ
ҶӲңеԼҪǿľĸӼᶨˡ
֮УӦǶôˣǵһʶ趼ѧʮ֮ģڲżꣿϼ˵˴˿̳׼ˡ
ʮ꣡
϶Ҷ죬˷ܵ˵ʮ꣬Ѿ˵⣬ضǳԽʦĴڡ֪ԽʦʲôȻҲ֪ʲôһ磬֪ѪǳⷽԲڣΨһһԽʦǿߣ
Ҷһû뵽ѪǳȻǳԽʦǿߣҲѹ֣ܹѪǵǿ󣬿ɲƾʦܰõģѪ֮Уʦڡ
Ҷ죬츳Խǵ˭Ҳ֪㽫ĳɾͣһţһܹ߳ƬƧҶ˹տտضҶ죬ϳ˼
ϡ壬ҲṼǵ
Ҷ쿴ǰޱȼλ𾴵ĳһᶨص˵ͷ
ţ㡣ЦݣⶼҶ츳֪ΪʦǼ򵥵ĲټˣֻʣʱѣڴҶܹߵʲôزҲ׹ɡ
ѾȲҪµһˡҶЦ
һ첻÷̫õģҶ΢΢һЦŵЦݣõҶͰ϶΢΢̾˭뵽ҶҴᵮһأ

ʱţתһ¹ȥˣҶΪ࣬Ǿ߾żһš
⵹ܹҶ첻ŬΪһڵ֮УʲôҲ⣬Żٶˡ
ѪһЩȻһδεظ⣬Ž䳹ա
ò˵Ҷڵ츳ȷһµŬѾܹʱ̤ľ磬Լĵ̺⡣
ĽҶĹﵽһֺ˾ŵĵز߰˼۷һɱ߾żޡ
ǣܹ˵УʹҶʮ£޵еĴˣ߾ż۷Ҷ涼ѾĶˡ
ҶҴڣΨʮ۷Ĵ峤ҶʨŻҶ졣
˶ֻ֪ҪȵҶ߾żôǴ峤ҶʨҲҶĶˡ
һǿ޶ӶӳҶҴ޶ӵӱδδգһûгֹ
գ
һ졣
Զɽ֮ϣһʮ˵ڶΪ׵һ׳֣ۻ룬һһ֡
ţˣǡҶҴŵһüͷȥ
Ǻ񻢣ҴҶҴʲôԱһϳˣüͷ塣


34 
ɽУҶҴ޶ӶԱǸ߸˵߳ÿ˶ž޴ջܴ
ҶıϣǿһͷɫıӣƱ
޶ӶԱݵؿҶıӰ
ӳʵԽԽǿˣƱһ
ǾⱲӼһ̫ˣ̫ǿˣ
棬ӳѪƱĺһأΪʲôƱˡ

Χ޶ӵĶԱۣҶ΢΢һĨЦݡ
һµĿޣڵƿأӵӦˣż۷Ʊɱˡ
Ҫ֪Ʊٶȷǳ죬ûʮΪ޷ġ
Ҷȴɱ
֤ҶʵѾԱ峤ҶʨˣҶҴĵڶ֡
ӳҶҴ嵽ˣ
һԱ
Ҷ̧ͷȥǰԶҶҴϤԺǽܵһ˿ů
ߣӿٶȣǻؼҳԷඣҶЦźȵ
һڶԱǶЦ
ʱ
ա
һҶҴķǵע⡣
ţҶüҶҴĴſڣӣ
޶ӶԱҲȥ
ʱʮŲͬҶҴεĺӴӴ۾磬ƲȻǿߡƥҲǲҶҴµ
ҴˣҶԱߵҶɳ
˶ʱüͷ
Ҵ壬ŰȨƣӵаΨһһʦǿߣǿһׯ
ҪǣҴҰĺܴһֱҪͳһдӶ֪飬ҶҴҲڰҴ塣
ҶҴʲô
Ҷüͷȥ
ʱԶһҴУһƤڵĺȵ󣬰³ˣҶ峤ɲҪˡ
ģ³ˣҶҴһ׼ʱ磡峤ҶʨҶҴԺǽڴ
ãڵĺӳԺǽڱ˱ȭ漴תͷȵߡ
աһʮˣ৵һ£һʧԶĵ·档
޶ӵĶԱԶԶȥÿ˵ж¶֮ɫ
󣿰³ˣҶ¶ɻ֮ɫ
³ˣѵҴ峤٣ԱߵҶüͷһ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
٣Ҷ쿴Ҷԡ
ҶԽ͵³Ҵ峤ÿӣҪٰףԼӶҪǰȥ١
ŶҶ˵ͷţֻһûѡ
ߣˣһ°ӡҶм֮ɫ
ˣǿȥɣһ£峤϶ҪҶԻӻ֣һ޶ӶԱ׷׼ӿٶȣҶҴȥ

صҶҴʱҶ졢ҶԡҶɵȼ޶ӵǿߣ㱻峤ټ
峤ңһΧӰҶ졢Ҷ˺ȻС
峤ҶʨϷҶ棬Ҷ죬ٺǰϡҶԵȵȡ
ЩλÿɲģʲôλãҶҴĵλ
ڳˣҶҴľӢÿһ߼ϣʮˡǶҶҴ֧ҶҴܹаׯ֮һʱ
Ҷʮ˵ҶҴʷϵΨһһˣ˲ûκμʺ;ȣΪҶʵλá
ҶʨɨһۣϵĿ¶һ˿οЦ⣬δ峤ҶҴ巢չѸ٣һεʮһλд˵أһεʮλд˵أеǳԺ
ҶҴһһš
뵽Ҷʨ΢΢ƳһԱ߳ĬҶ죬ͷЦʢˡ΢΢һ£ЦݣϵĿɨˣɫʼ
˶ʱһ񣬵ȴҶʨѵʾ
Ҵĺˣǰ³ˣӦ֪ʲôӡҶʨͳ
Ҷţ񻢣ѵǸڵĺӣ
Ҷ˵ҴĴǿߣʦҲҴĴ峤ʵǿһ˱ס˰дӡ
֮£Ҵ޶ӵĶӳ죬ʮͬһǿߡ
Ҵ޶ӣ߾żĸӳһ˳а۶죬һųƺ񻢵
߾żߣҵĶ֡Ҷ찵ţгš
ʱ
Ҷʨӣһˮ۾˵Ĵ٣ҲİˣԴͻʦ֮ÿ궼ҪٰһΣΪı̽ӵʵоЩӡ
˵ͷԴǰͻƳΪʦѾٰˣҶҴÿζȥμˣҲİ
޷˭ȥٰˡ
峤λҺͷȥ𣿡ҶվʵȥҶȥٵģдһʡ
Ҫ֪нģȥ˲̫ǿҲ̫
Ǵ峤Ҷʨȥ٣ô룬Ҷʨ϶ˣΪҴɱҶʨء
ҴһֱҪͳһ򣬵ǾһλʦǿߣҲû취ͬʱôӡ
ʦǿȻǿ󣬵ŽʦãȻܹɱҶʨҶҴɲֻҶʨһˡԶ˵Χ񼴱ʦǿҲҪޡ
ҶʨҶҴ壬ô϶ڰгɱֺûǲŹġ
Ҷʨǲȥٵġ
ͬȥٵҲ̫˵ҶҴϣҲᱻ˳Ц˿ҶҴ塣
ԣͨɽҶʨҶҴǿǰȥ٣ǰҶҶõѡһҲĺܺá
ڲһˣΪҶҴһҶ죬ҶԲЩɣҶʨѯ
ҲҶʨ
ֻҶʨڰ֣ʾҶ£ں֮Ż˵һҶͲȥˣҺˣҶҶһȥҴ١
ԣҶҲ˵ͷȻͺҶʨˡ
ңһԵҶЩȡ
Ҳ죬峤ȻҶȥҪ֪ҶҶҴıһȫ˶Ҫŵģ峤ȻȥҴ壿
ɻĿ⣬Ҷ濪ڽ͵Ҷһֱֻۣ²Ҵ֪ܹȥٵģΨҶ졣
ŻȻȷҶϱ۵Բ֪һΪҶҴʵ𣬵ʱҶҴӾѹˡ
Ҷ죬أҶʨһԵҶ졣
Ҷ˿ѾָƽЦŵ˵ͷû⣡
ǸΨһһʦǿߺȤ֪ԼʦĲж󣿶ҲȥϾǴҶҴСطЩᷳ
Ҷ죬츳ܱ¶ԴһжҪҶԵñ֪ʵΣյġҶʨҶȥĥһ£ʶҲҶΣա
ýѾҲ뵽һҴ֪Ҷ츳ôһὫҶɱҡ֮еġ
ţ֪ˡҶ˵ͷǰ׳գеĵ׵ġ


35 ҴҰ
ҹҶҴ㳡һͺ֮һ󳤵ƿյ졣
ǿ£һӰڿտĹ㳡ϣ似˱Ҷ졣
ЩӣҶһֱо⣬ڹ㳡Ѿϰߣ֪ܶڴ˵أ
ҵĵټǰֱģʹҵĵгɱ⣬ԭ򣡡
Ҷа뵽
о⣬ŪԼıʣǵʥ޵ǻ⣬ҶӦɱ¾⣡
ɱ¾⣬Ҷʱ޵ջ
һɱˣ۳Ƶɱˡ
ȣҶһѪת֮䣬ǰһƿͣһεɱ¾ʱǰһĵۡ
ţ
ȻҶһӶʱиˣ΢΢תһ񣺡壬ˡ
Ļ£Զڰ֮б㴫һŲţҶӰǰ
Ҷ죬ʵԽԽǿˣôԶһϢ㾹ȻܷҡҶ滺гͺ;ȡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦѪڵϣǸо˷ϢֵϤϢҳôܻǡ
Ϣ㻹ֱܷҵϢҶ
ţÿ˵ϢͬŷֵġҶ˵ͷо⣬Լܹ࣬ҶҴÿ˵Ϣͬ
ҶԸ̾⺢ӵ츳ǿ󣬻үҶҴ嵱һʢԴ
΢΢̾һ£ҶЦ˵Ҷ죬ĵôˣҶ˵㽫Ʊնˡ˵Цݸʢˡ
ҶնɱƱ飬ѾҶҴ崫ˣҶʨҶ˵֪󣬶Ƿǳ˷ܣȻ֪ƱǿǾǽӽʮǿˡ
˵ҶڱѾ˱ʮʵˡ
ţǿԣҶԵ˽⻹̫ˡҶ˵
Ҷһ漴̾ϢҶҴ˷츳츳ЩѾΪʦǿˡ
壬ʹҶҴ壬ҲܹΪʦġҶҡҡͷ֮ɫ
Ҷ濴˿ǰŵ꣬΢΢̾һ£漴Ҷ죬δҴٻȥѪǰɣʵѪ㹻ˣɳĸ졣
ҶһѪǡѪǿһֱڴ룬ȥˡ
뵽ҶҴ壬Ҷҡҡͷ壬ҿˣҶҴ֮ʣô뿪
һ˽ˣѪǣҲʱ뿪ҶҴ塣
ҶЦˣ֪ԼûпˣҶļһǿϢõöҶ춼
壬㡭ͻˣҶɴ۾ŵؿǰҶ棬ǿϢֻڴ峤ϸӦ
ô˵ҶͻƵʮ
ţͻˣʵϴȺ֮䣬ұӦԼƿɶˣͻƵʮˡ
ҶЦ˵
Ȼһֻ첲ҲøͻƵʮʵΪҶҴڶλʮǿˡ
ϲ壡Ҷһ˷ܣԵҶеˣǿˣһЩر
԰뿪ҶҴˣҺʹ峤ڣҶҴ岻µġ
Ҷ濴Ҷ죬˵ȥѪǰɣأҪǿҶҴ廹Ҫ߳ƬƧ
ţ
ܵҶεĿ⣬Ҷصصͷ
ѪǣҶҪˣ

ʱգ۶³죬һڴվڴſڣΪҶ졢ҶС
Ҷһͷǳ䣬ǱҶ˵ȴǲĲһ㡣
ΪҶһͷɫ޻Ǿ޴ȴҪһŴԴ棬˵мؿҶµͷ
Ҷ죬ͷ׻Ǻ治֪ǴҵġҶĽؿҶµİ׻
̫ˣߵĿĽ㡣
׻СҶҴֻСèѣֻǵȵ׻֮ҶҴ嶼ˣСèһͷ޴İ׻
Ǻǣ
ҶԵĻҶ΢΢һЦС׵ûиκ˵
ʱںʹ峤Ǹ
Ҷ죬˷ǰȥҴ˿϶ǵ鷳һжҶԳͷֻȥ棬ǧǿͷԲǷʵҶʨĳضҶ˵
Ҷͷ峤֪ˣҿûôɵ
ǺǣҶʨԶʱЦˣҶԴ˵ξ͵һúúҶѧѧôΪ˴Ժȥ£Ҳƭ
Ҷʨ֪ҶΪˣһé®Сӣνࡣ
ҶȻ֪ҶʨģȻûҪҲǳжͷ峤ģҲʧġ
Ҷʨοص˵ͷԴ˲ŷҶȥҶ˼ܸӣȵİȫֵȥ棬ȥѪǿ϶۸

СףҶҶӹһ羰ʧҶҴ˵֮С
򲢲СõһƬضҴռݣǿҶҴּҴ壬ҲֻܱƫƧĵط
ˣҶҴּҴǳٽҶҴҴЩԶҲҪĸʱʱ䡣
ϳҶԺҶһֱͣظ·֮ǰϵҴ塣
ȳҶǰһƬΧǽԼĪ˶ߣȻЩªһƣٱҶҴ塢ּҴԺǽǿˡ
ҶǰģһªĳţԣӦǳŰɣȻľͷġ
Ҷ죬㿴ҴҰĺܴǽӽɳǳģΪıһܹͳһ򣬽һҴĳǳء
Ҷ߽ҴڣҶһɨΧĸֵ̣һߴҶ˽⵽һЩҴϢ
Ҵڣֵ£룬ȷǺǳصá
ҴҰĵȷܴǵĿĿ¾ǽһѪһĳǳء
ף˭ôİ׻
׻ƣ
ҶҴҶԣʶֻΪβҶأһ֪ëͷСӣ

ҶǽҴ壬ܵһЩ˵ָָ㣬Ϊ̫ˣ׼ȷ˵ǰ׻̫ˡ
ߵĿĽ㡣
һЩжȵĿ⣬ҶµСס
Ҷԣû뵽ǰС𣿡һͻȻȺ֮ÿһ·һϤӰ
񻢣
Ҷ춢ˣղѾ³˭ˣǰѾҶҴԶԶһۣӡ
񻢻ڵף˸㣬һ˫ڵӣޱˣĿݺݵؽҶɨһ顣
ֻҶѾԼϢʹú񻢰׷ѹˣ͸Ҷǳ
ҵһֶӣδʶ
ҶԳ˵Ŀ˻


36 Ϣ
ֶӣ
÷ص˵ͷĿɨҶһۣҶ߶ûٶ࿴ˣ΢΢̾츳ôʹﵽ߶ˣǰ;
ǰ;
ҶԣЦֹǰ;ô֪Ҷ츳Իġ
ҶûжԣΪ֪Ҷʵġ
Ҷڴװ棬ı飬˲Ծطɾ裬û˻ںһ߶ëͷСӡ
ҶԣҶôûջؿҶĿ⣬תͷҶԣ˼ʵ
ҶԵһЦͻڱչأǰȥҶҴ壬Ǵ峤Ѿ𣿡
ŶҲˡ˸۾΢΢Ҷͻʱɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼֻһ˲ı仯ǱҶץסˡ
һ̽ҶҴʵ峤ͻƵϢȻΪҴ壡
Ҷ찵ͷ
ҴȻǿ󣬵ҲԼѴΪǵʦǿֻΪԶ֣ĴӱȻģʱҴĩա
ԣǿģʮǿߡ
ҶҴλʮǿߣҴһ壬ǵʦҪǸҶǾҪʱʱλʦʮǿߵ͵ϮʱҴ彫ʳѰҲҴһֱûͳһԭ
һ죬ҴλʦĴ峤ܹһ˺ɨҶҴּҴ壬޷ͳһġ
˽⵽Ŀǰ֮Ҷ΢ģа˵ûҶҴʱû£ҵȷȥѪˣͻʦҶҴ
˼֮䣬ѾǽҴһۡ
Ҷִݹ٣Ҵԣ롭ЦţȷҶȷͻʮϢ֮ϵЦݸˣǳĿ
Ҷ죬Ҷԣ֪ЦصĿѾˣϾҶͻƣҴҰһܴĴ
ҶԺҶܲô࣬ЦŸ棬һۡȻЩªҶҴЩʯݡľǿˣһͿҴǿ
Ҷ죬ʶһЩͬˣ˽кôҶԸ˵ȫҶ쵱һŸո߳ɽºӽ̵
ҶҲýͣصͷȻشܡ
֮ۡڣʱѾߵӰһƤֿˬҶҴûʲô
Ҷ췢˲ǿߣ߾żʮ߰˼мʮ߼͸ࡣ
һЩĺ󱲣һļġ
ҶҶ֪ĴӶˣЩǿ߶ӵĴѹôǿߡ
Ҷԣû뵽ҶξȻûһϤȻҶ졢Ҷͬʱȥʱһ
ǺϤּҴ޶ӵĶӳַɣĶ޵Ҳ
޵ؿҶһۣҶ죬ûеٺұһȣ
ȻϴαҶܵ黹ڻ
ҪսңҶӣ¶һ˿Ȼٿ˿޵ԱߵַɣȭͷؿڣһȤģ
ԣҾҪս㣬ûеӽҵս޵˵гս⡣
Ҷ쿴һۣСѾˣѹδһʱһ츳Ҳˡ
ֻҪ˵ս
˵ҶҡͷһԵҶԣҲһЦݡ
Ц߾ż۷ƱҶһնɱˣοСƨ
޵зŭĿУҶҡҡͷǸҲս
㡭ų򣡡޵жʱŭҶҧгݣҪȴҶǰס
ַɣĶӣѲ峤𣿡Ҷ˵
ַɱҲŭ仰ʱ˵ˣϾ⣬صҲּҴ壬ǺҶǷĺʱ
֣һӣүӴ٣ɲҪҽˡ˹Ŀ⣬õַ۾һ
ߣַ޵УһԱߵλȥ
Ҷ죬ų򣡡޵бַţǷŭ۾ȻҶ졣
Ҷεҡҡͷһ
ҶԴкȥˣҪȥкˡ
Ҷ쿴ַɵıӰüּҴҶҴǳˣȻҴ˵泳
ҶҲȻ⣬ǰȻַɲͷҴǰǻǺͺģϾҴּҴҶҴĹͬˡ
ǽ죬ƺ˱仯ѵּҴҪˣ
үӵ
һȣҶ졢ҶԾѣۡˣˢһ£Ŵ
һλ뷢԰׵ߣڼҴߵĴӵ£߽ۡ
߸һ֣˶׷վÿ˵Ŀж˾ηҶߵҶҲһ
ҶĬĬעλߣҶ㣬ɢǿϢµԷݡʦ
ҲҴĴ峤λΨһһλʦǿߡ
ȷǿڵңĶ֣ãҶջĿ⣬ͷһ˸
λصǣϵף¶һ˿ЦݣޱȺлλǰ
һĻһƬ֮¡
е˸߳
ҶԺӵǿȥˣҶ쿴Ȥһ˽ݣ뿪˸ۡ
һ߶ëͷСӣҲûʲôע⣬ԵúɣһҴš
ֱܱĽֵһªĴ¥ʯݣҶһȻСǡԵ÷ǳªȷ˳ǳصϢ
Ҵͳһ˰ôｫΪĳǳء
ܵҴҰģԼλʦǿҶѹһ׷ˡ
Ƭ̣Ҷ쿴һƬݴԣһоһ˿⣬˽ȥ⿪ӣৡ
һˬĸо֮Ҷ뿪ȻһϤ
㷽ʲô˼ȻҶңַɵҶʱüͷ壬ɫ
ȻĶԻ֤ҶĲ²⡣
֣ŵҶԵ棬ֱܲվ߰ɣĻ϶ᱻɵģҴּҴ˵Ϣڻܴȥ
ҶԣɫԽѿˣּҴ徹ȻԼѡҴˣѵǲ뻢ıƤ
ߣ¾ˣӦҵİأַߵ
Ҵ˵Ǵ峤İͻʮĻᡣٴδ
Ҷס䣬ЦҪͻʮûǸˡ
ַɣԼֲñˡ
Ҷɱޡ
ãַɺ̸˼ΣȥˡǵĶԻ֮УҶּ֪ҴѾںҴ尵ˣ˫˱ַɡ


37 նɱַ
ַɣ
ҹ֮УҶ컺߳ݴԣַȥķĿУ¶ɱ⣬һԾ𣬱ǳǰ׷ȥ
ȻַѾȥһˣҶٶȷǳ죬ϢҴ壬һҴĴԶԶַɵĺ档
ڽĴ٣Ҵȥˣټҹֵ֮ϵ˺٣Ҷһ·ַɣҲûע⡣
ַɴʱ֪Ѿһˣֱ֮õѾȲ׼ȥʼʮˡ
ؾǷǳΣյģҪڰȫĵطСּҴȻѾҴ尵ˣַɻҴ壬ûҴڷðһ·ǽ뿪Ҵ壬һƬïܵɽ֮С
·㲻ߣ㴳
һ·ַҶ죬ַɾȻ뿪Ҵ壬ܽһƬïܵɽ֣ʱ¶Ц֮ɫ
ôϢؽַɣû뵽һѾԼ׼÷ĹˣҶ춼ʡȴһ˼
Լֲñˣ
Ҷ첻˷ʱ䣬뿪Ҵǧ֮Ȼӿٶȣͬһ㣬׷ַɡ
ͻȻҶ죬Ȼַɵע⣬͵ظо˱ܵʱһعͷһ
ò˵ַɲּҴ޶ӵĶӳսǷḻ˭ֱһƺռȻ
׷Ҷ죬ʱһ׼ַɺ󱳵һȭҲò˻ַɵһơ
ͬʱγԵڰײһ𣬱һ졣
ͬʱһǿķúʮ
ַɾؿǰ˾ȻҶ죬ʱһ𾪵㣡ܣôôǿʵ
зɴ۾ֱ㶵ضŶҶ죬ŸղԾһвʤ˾ȻҶ졣
ңΪʲôʵ㻹ȥɣҶһЦǰһ˫̧չƣһκŵӰ
ַɼ״ɫ䣬ԲıƷǳǿ󣬾ŵµӰɳס·ʵ
ͻȭַɴ˫ȭ˫ƾˣֱӱߵӰӰݺݺļؿڡС
¡¡ʱַ˱ɳȥײһôѪ
߰˼۷壡
ַͫ΢ҶĿУ˲š
߰˼۷壬һ겻ʱ䣬ǰǸСӾȻ߶߰˼۷塣
ʲôٶȣʲô츳
ַһƬ𺳡
ԼҴ壬ַɣˡҶһռϷ磬ǰƽĿУһĺâɱޡ
ַɫ΢䣬ȵҶ죬ʲô˼ּҴʲôʱԼˣ㵹Ǹ˵
ּҴҴڰнеģ֪µ˺٣ָ֮Ҷ֪
Ҷ÷ϻֱɱЦ㷽ź̸һһ
ԣַɫʱˣ֪Ϊʲôڴ˵ҶˣԭС̸ġ
һҶĴڣѾּҴвˡ
ַؿҶһۣû뵽֮¾Ȼ㷢ܣȻˣô㲻ˡ
ȷܹңҶЦ˫Ӷͬ쫷裬ŭչҵĹ
Ծ֪ˣ߾ż߰˼֮Ĳ࣬ġַɭȻ˵ܵҶ˫֮Ѿ¶ģƴҲҪ´ӣҶ츳ΪּҴв
ʮ߰˼ǿߣһ겻ʱ䣬߶߰˼־޵ı֣Ѿַɱ⡣
츳ϧ㲻ּҴ֮ˣǾȥɣַɭȻʢһȭͬͻɽ
ͻȭľ裬ȭӵ˴Բ磬ҶıƿռϷ硣
ҶһԷּҴ޶ӵĶӳʮѾһŻƽ׵ͼ似˴Բ磬ټϱһεռսϷ硣
û֮ǰôҶ˿Ҳֻܳû·ˣƵƣַ˼ʮǰǲһġ
ַܹΪּҴ޶ӵĶӳ츳ּҴһģҶһѾһŻƽ׵ͼ似˴Բ硣
Ҷɫޱأƣȡ±Ƥ򿪣¶ѪɫͨѪ죬·Ѫ֮͡
ţѪѪַһҶеѪ¶֮ɫ
Ѫѵ֮£ҲңҶֳѪַָɣʱһŨɷ
ַɫһ䣬𾪣ҧȻ͵ѪѪ֪ҶҴˡ
ΪҶеѪ͵ģԾҶĵӣֱ졣
ֻҪˣû֪ҶЦһַɣ˸͸źɱ
ַɲ֮Ӳƴ˺ɣȡĴ󿳵ӭȥҶɱһ
ʱ˸֮ڶһ졣
ȻһսַϽ¶֮ɫҶĵɱ⣬ÿһǱ֮ʤ
Ƭַ֮ϵ·ʮÿ죬һƬѪģˡ
ֹһַϿʼ¶֮ɫ֧Ųסˡ
ʱҶңһɿֲɱеѪ֮бʱһεĵ⼤Ϣ֮Уַɡ
꣡
ַɸով󿳵׼ǵεĵ⣬ֱײĵ֮ϡʱһ𣬴󿳵ء
ôܣַ˲ɴ۾ͫ׽ŵؿеĶС
ҶҲЩȣû뵽ַȻôãоĴ󿳵Ȼ͵סԼıɱ⡣
ҲΪֹˣҶЦ̧Ѫնⱬһεɨַɡ
һΣַûжԵֵˣƺһɳȥ˵ؿڣһƬѪģ
ҶϣѪһ£ʱһѪܵͷ­߸
ǿѪܵͷ­棬ַɵ۾ɵϴĿг˲ţƺ벻ԼȻҶС
֪ˣαصҶһַ̾ɵͷʬ˼£ʱҵһȭͷСĻɫӡ
ɫӷǳˣУɢһƢζйӴӿ

Ҷ̲ס˷ܣʢ
ΪıһһݵҩЧ֮㹻ͻ߰˼۷壬߾żˡ


38 ߾ż
ұǰͻ߾żˡ
лɫҶһ˿֮úڻУȻغַɵʬ壬ǱҴ塣
ʱҴȻٵ֮УûҶַɵʧ
һ·ϣҶ첻յػصҴ壬ֻص˴С
ϣû߶Сһȥ뵽ûκ˵ע⡣
Ҷ΢΢һЦȺѰҶԵӰ
ܿ죬һȺ׳֮ҵҶԣһѾȵ࣬ڶԱ˵ĴԼ޶ӵġ¼
Ҷҡҡͷһλ£Щȴ
ʱֻȥͻ߾żᣬѾЩͷˡ
ϧỹǵüУֻܰصȴ
ų򣡡
ܿ죬ҶͷԼ޷ˣΪ޵СӲ֪ʲôطˣһ󳰷
β޵һˣһģмͬСꡣ
֣˵Ǹųû뵽ҶҴ֮ˣȻܱսûСһ֮ɫ
ǰһųȫûҶҴ
ʲôҿҶҴҲ˶ѣûжΪҴ岢ׯ֮һǿЦ

޵ߵ˶֮ɫһЦѡ
ЩֻΪСƨҶᣬֱѡӡڵϣʳ޵һۡ
ⷬٶ޵е˶ŭˣһʳҶ졣
һҧгݵСӣû˵Ļų򣬲ҽֵս͹Զ㡣
ͬʱ׺ݵصҶ죬һ⡣
֣Ȯͣô࣬ɨˣҶڳˣûп޵ǣһֻȴش޵е˶С
˶ʱû޵еиð
СӣҪսһŭ
ûȤ
Ҷ˰֣ͷûлء
ʱһ˵
ųҵƣ޵еȥǰһݺݵвţֻҶЧ
ò׵ȵ⼸ĵļһȥˣҶҡҡͷе꣬Ҫˡ
һƬ͸ߺ֮УỺĻһصҲ׷ɢȥ
ҶźȵҶԣһҴĴ£סһʯС
Ҷ죬ղȥˣ
ʯݲãλ·Ҵ뿪֮ҶԱϴӴۿҶ졣
Ҷһһ侲Ҷԣʱԭһװ
ҪȣʱˣܹĳЩ˵ʵסҶԿҶ쾪ȵı飬΢΢Ц
ǰ壬ҪѧĻкܶ࣡ҶĴָЦƽ濴ҶԾȻ˼
ˣ𳶿⣬ղȥˣôôòŻҺһġҶ
ԣҶɫһûмŻػƿǣʯ߿ȥûзκ˵Ӱ֮󣬲Żعͷ
ҶһģҶԶʱüͷһؿҶ죬֪϶ʲôҪ飬Ҷ첻ôġ
ȻҶһ仰ˡ
壬ּҴҴѾˡҶ˵
ʲô
Ҷ͵վֻ۾ɵϴš
ꡭҶָ촽ǰʾǽжʱҶֻһƬ
˵ģɲܿЦҶԳ۾Ҷ졣
Ҷ˵ͷҳȥתƣַɺĶԻ֪Ϣ
ĻҶû˿ɣһȭǣŭļһһҪɱ
ȷͷ֣ѾɱˡҶ˵
ʲô
Ҷһ𾪵ؿҶ죬ղҲֻѣϾַɵʵɲܹġ
߾ż򣬶Ƕǿߡ
ȻһǿߣȻһʮɱˣҶԿǰҶ죬а졣ǻҶ컰٣ϾҶ콫߾ż۷Ʊ׵ˡ
ɱһֻ޺ɱһ˲һҶԵӡУҶǴûɱ˵ģôҲ벻Ҷô󣬵һɱ˱ôɴ࣬Ȼһ㺦µĸоûУһô侲
ֿµʣҶ𾪲ѡ
壬ּҴҴ尵н˵ˣڴʱɱԼ޻Ҵ壬ǹҧҶ쵭˵Ȼ֪ҶԴʱЩʲôǰΪһֱеҲ֪ж٣ȻΪɱһ˶е¡
Щ飬ҶԲ֪ˡ
ţҶĻҶԴ֮˻ؿҶһۣͷûдʱɱַɣҶҴֻкôûл»Ҫ֪ͨ峤ǣǾ뿪Ҵ塣
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ҶԣԱһʯס¡
ݺҶϹغţӻȡڴϣ׼ͻƿ
һ֮Ҷ컺۾еһ¡
ȻȭͷСȫɣڼһɹ̵ĺ˳Ҷĺʼȫ¡
֮ڣһɹڣڱһ𣬳ŵھȥ
û˿ⷢھ˲㱻ˣ۹ų⣬ڵȻࡣ
޾Ҷܷӵڵ
ȣһͺҶ춸Ȼ۾ﾫ˸âҡ
߾żͻˡ
ҶվоԼڣǿǱڵͷ·һ㣬ھţƺƵ಻
߾żڼʮǿߣҲܹƾŵ֮һսˣҶͬ棬ˣ·һѸոտı
ʱ˿̣ŸܵԼǿΨһܹɵˣֻʣʦһˡ
ʦҲᱻԽġ
ҶгŵĹâ
ͻƵ߾ż̤˰򶥼ֵĲΣһջû뵽ҴͻƵ硣
ҶвɵöѾȥַһɸмҪǴǼһϵİҪͻƵ߾ż»ҪһʱС
ʱȴʡˡ
ҶŴĳԣǳһĨŵЦݣƿţ˳ȥ
ʱѾ֪Ѿ֮жɹһϡ
ͻ߾ż֮Ҷ쾫ʹʹشһ鱼ƣ뵽Ҵ壬ڴ˱¶ʵֻܰסеļǰȥҶԣ׼ҶҴˡ
˿̣Ҷ컹֪Ϊַɵʧ٣õҴļҪﶼˡ


39 ַʬ
ʲôַɾȻʧˣôܣһ߾żĴˣôȻ֮ʧˣ᲻һּҴ˰ɡ
ҴһڣĵǿӰۼڴˣǱҴĴ֣졢졣
ĸҴǿߣҲҴԣǵһһУӰҴǰ;
Ȼʱĸȴü
ܣŽǼһĸԣһϷõģôܻȻּҴ塣
зǳɻַɷֱû뵽Ͼͷַʧˡ
һ͸Ź죬ַɾȻּҴ壬Ҳ᲻к
ĶӻǴ壬ʱȥô죿˵ͷͳüëֺˣɢһǿϢӳʵԽԽǿˣ˵ͻʦˡ
ǣԵͷ޵вΪûַɵıǲһ˶ԻصּҴģϾкܶ࣬弶Ϊ޷ڰС
ȻˣôַΪͻȻʧأ
һȻ᲻ַɵ˷ˣɱ˶ᱦ
ţ
ţ
৵һ¿ԴĿʱЩˣ˵죬ҴĴǿ֮еΨһһŮԡ
ϧŮԲƯһ÷ǳªżڶǳ󣬿ˣһЩҴ˶ԸӴЩҴС¡
һŮȴѹҴڶߣɹҴĸ߲㡣
ʱ쿪ڣ䣬ɭȻ˲
С죬ͻʮԶˡ쿴ǰŮȴЦ
һԵҲ𾪵ؿ졣
һ꣬¡˵촽¶ɺͷȻڵѪؿ졣
ʱüֳȥˣ
˵ֻ۾͸ŲмĹâһҲ
㣡ʱȻŭָ죬ȴ˵
һԵ۹۱Ǳǹģһ⣬ʲôûӡ
ˣ
ڵڵЩʱһֱû˵񿪿ˣһ仰õΧĽնʱʧ
˶৵һ¿˵ɫǳҴ壬ĵλϣҴе顣
ǸŮҴľӢͲҪٳˡѪٴĶԹҲܸŮаɨһۣϵУ¶һ˿Ρ
ǸŮ飬֪˶٣ҴĴǼɵ졢ʵ͵λȻҲͺ֪һԸŮ
Ѫٺ٣ʳӣĳ˱ϻҪݶɭȻЦĮؿ졣
С죬ȷҵĴҲҪҵѴЩĲ𣿡̾
ߣǶԼͨŬģ㲻ǽѡЦ
ֳһԵεԴٶһϵ
ôҲ벻òһ֮ͬģȻҴλǿߣҲҴĴǿ֮Ѻۡ
Ҫʮǰ˵
챾ŮϧªݣϲûнйһŮͬ亢ӣҲΪݶ
֪һ֮УǶôʹࡣʮ꣬ΨһĸҲˣǶǡ
ϾŮȻҲҵֻڱ
һҪʹ֮жɹһ¼ȴıһ
ʮǰҴ޶ӵĶӳһҵˣͬǸӳ
ְͬλõҰϣһұóݺһ졣
Ȼڱŭ֮½ѵһ٣ȻĲԼһΨһ۵ªŮ
ǣҲ֪췢ʲô裬Ȼ˽ʮ춪ɽ
ȻºҲеˣ϶Ǳ޸ˣҲٶ룬ֻǰ˷ųϢ˵Ů޹ʧˣųȥѰһò֪ݶ˼
ʵΪȻܹùˣȴʱҴ峤޶Ӷӳ
ΪҴĵλԼʵʱĴ峤һֻ۱һֻۡ
µΪֹβʵʷעΪ֪
Ȼڤڤ֮⣬ΪСܵ˵ᣬѧųƤȻʱ䡣
Ҫǣ֮ڶûһֻޣһ١ڵϣԽɽĥ似ط
˵죬ΪªݣʱҴ˶֪ȻҲ⣬һۿСŮϳ졣
ʱڿƤªСģ׺ݵҲɵһ֮ͬġ뵽ѾͷϾҴ֮ˣôңѵñͬĵ񣬱˻ȥ
Ȼǵ첻죬͸еˣټҴĵλߣĶͷ˾Աû˵ʲô
Ϊеһ˿ȻȻǣȴרչõҴӵõ
꣬ȴˣȻݳªһ;ȴ츳ǰûѧ䣬Ա˲֪츳
Դѧ֮츳㳹ױÿһǵһ֮ڳɾߣʵһ·ǣﵽ߾ż۷Ρ
⣬ҴΪʵֻ߾żڡ
峤²ˣ
졢쳳ͷ۵ʱ򣬵⴫һ
ţʱһæ򿪵ţһҴĳϴҴܽ˵峤ˣҵַɵİʬ壬˸ɱˡ
ҴĳϵλǳߣҴҲĴǿߣҲ֪ҴּҴ尵˵顣
ʲô
Ļ䣬졢졢˱㾪վɫˡ
֪ʲôˣȵҲܶԷҴĳˡ
춼λϣȻַ֪ɵҪԣһǰҴ壬ôҴ彫ٿĪ磬ּܼҴˣ׼ŭּҴʧһǿѡ
Ƿֵַֻɵ°ʬ壬°ûʲô˺ֻۣһЩ˺ҧĺۼλҡͷ
ѵ޸ɵģü
ܣһ߾żǿߣôô׾޵£ɽǿޡֻֿܷǳСֲַǰ׳գûȥɽʲôҡͷ
ˣȳȥ鿴ַɵʬ壬ʱ֪ȵӣɨ졢졢λˡ
ǣ峤
ӦϳأַɵҴӰ̫ˣпܻĴս


40 ׷ɱ
壬֣õҴ壬Ȼûǿ߰أ
ǰҲ֣ΪҪһû뵽ô׾ͳˡ
Ҵ岻ԶɽϣӰһǰһţǸոմҴȥҶ졢ҶԶˡ
Դӵּ֪ҴҴ尵˵ϢҶҶԱ̶±Ҫϸ֪峤Ȼ
ԣڽһ磬컹δ˱ĵҴ塣
õҴ岻ô׾Ϣ뿪ǲ֪ʲôԭ򣬽ҴԵЩ죬ҲǿߣҶҶԵʵȻǳɵؾˡ
ţҲãʡĵʱ䡣Ҷ˵ͷ֪Ϊʲôйɲõĸо
ѵԼɱַɵ鱩¶ˣ
Ҷ΢΢˼⣬ϾҡҡͷʱҴɽУܶĵһƬûе˴ڣôᱻ˷֣
Ҷ죬ʲôҶԵҶĳ˼
ޣûʲôǻǼӿٶȣϽҶҴ塣Ҷ쾪ѣæص
ţּҴ徹Ҵ尵ˣߣҶԵ˵ͷ漴ӿٶȣɽ֮С
뿪ҴʱҴһԺۼҴеĶǿߡ
졢졢˺ȻУΧҴľӢǿߣΪЩ˶ۼҶԺҶ֪Ҵ塣
ʱڼһ߽ʣ°صʬ飬ѪģͨһЩĲܹϳ˵ݡ
ûȷַɣ·ϵã˫ЬҴġһʬɫص˵
ЬҴѪǴģһֻʮ˫ַɵ˫͸ġҲ
˴˿̣Ѿ϶ʬݣȷַɡ
峤ܹô𣿡һһϹʵ
Ҳ񣬾ڸղţ˶Ѿ֪ҴּҴ尵˵ˣԷǳַҴսӰ̫ˡ
Գһ£˫ɨһϵİʬһ˿âЩ˺ҧĺۼǶֻͨޣ߾żַɵĶ֡˵ַˣٱЩ޷ֶʬ
峤֮ҲΪġЩ˺ҧĺۼ⣬°ûʲô˺Ժѿôģ˵ͷ˵
û˵Ĭˡ
һԵĿһɻַɵʵףҪҴ֪ɱֻжӳʹ峤õ϶Ҵ壬ɽ֮бɱˣֻû¸ܽɽ
Ҳ֪ɱ䣬һԵߵ
΢΢Цûҷǲ
ķܶԣЩ͵ؿһۣ漴һ⣬ûв´Ļַɿ϶ŲҴ壬׼ɽһĵطͻƾ硣ϧãʲôǿޣĳǿ߷֣ɱ˶ᱦ
ԼЦ뷨ࡣ
ϾҴ壬ּҴǲǵĽ͡ü
Ҫıƻˣ죡˵ͷ漴һ
峤칧ӦҴ壬ҲֻⲻΪǿʵΪµģƴӡ
죬ȥɱҶǡɭȻ䡣
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ʱһ㶡
ҲؿʱҪɱҶǣҪͬʱּҴҶҴ壬ҴܹӣҲҪشҲûʵͳһˡ
ȥּҴ壬˵磬Ҷڰиǽ˵ܣɱַɡû˵ľ죬˵
˻һӦ¶⣺峤һδּܹҴţȴǶҶҴɣٲԸҴ塣
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Ҵǿߣʱ¶֮̾ɫĵ峤üı
ҲÿУӦȥ
Ȼһȴظ˻
ˣ峤ҶСˡ
Զʱɫһ
СӾȻǰˣҪΪַɵĶ֣ҶҪɱַˡ쾪ȵ
ѵ汻峤УҶ氵иּҴ˵ܣ͵͵ɱַɡ˵
һֻĹ£Լš
ڿҶǰ뿪Ҵ壬бȻʲôԭ
һ£ʵأ
ѾźѪ׷ȥˣԺѪͨʮٶȣҶӦӲˡæ˵
ѪҲѪǹģҴҲֻƥֱ졢ա
Ѫٶȷǳ죬ͨҪʮ֮࣬ߡ
Է˲٣漴죬ҲѪ׷ȥ
һ㶣˵峤ΪҶɵģ
ųֿܣºܽһȻҶδػڣȥ׷ɱҶǣܹһ㡣
ţȥ˵ͷӦˡ
Ҳ뿪ˣ׼ȥּҴϢ޵Уĺӣһַɵİʬʱ޵ȥ

ʱҶԺҶȻڳҶҴķжȥ
ǻ֪ҴǿѾ׷ɱǶˣҶôҲ벻Լ⴦һַɵʬ壬ȴǸ鷳
ȻַɵʬˣЩѪϢȴޣЩ޻ַɵʬ塣գ·ַɵʬ塣
ַǳСļʣȴǱҶˡ
˵ףΪҶʵˣǰĽԻὫַɵʬ崦á
գ
Ȼ󷽴ƥڵҶ죬ǸоһȻɱϮ
а۶죡Ҷ͵ػͷɫ䡣
Ǻ󷽲ԶһµĳªŮһͷɱۿҪ׷ˡ
죿Ҵ޶ӵĸӳ߾żҶͷһۣŻŮ˳δҲ̫ˡ
죬ʲôҶŭȵɫЩѿʱ׷϶⡣
ȻɱǣѲҪǺȾƣ쵭Цªݣȴ˸оޱȵ
Ҷ԰һãæҶҶ죬ǺѪǵҪʮߣȥס
׼ƴˣΣҶ춼£ϾҶҶҴϣ
ô岻ҵʵҶȻ߾ż۷Ʊնɱѵһ죿οѾ߾żҴ壬Ҳֻʦв
ǲʵҲ׷ϾǲŸո뿪Ҵ岻ãڴʱĻȻܵҴǿߵΧҶ侲˵
ȻˣǾͿɱ
Ҷԣٶԣֱӵתͷӭ졣
Ҷ죡
ҶԶʱˡ


41 һ
ɽϣҶȻתͷӭ׷졣
Ҷں潹ش𣬵޼£Ҷûлػ졣
һĻȻҲ׷쿴ˣȵؿҶ졣
ţؿԼﻢ꣬вɵ¶һ˿⣬ɻ⺢Ӳɵ˰ɣ
죬Ҵ巢ʲô裬ҪҶҴ忪սɣҶΣֻø
ʱҲɻҴôͻȻɱǣѵͲҶҴܾ
սٺ٣ΪɣԣҶ췢ʲô裬ǶҶɭȻЦýͣΪУǰѾˡ
˿̣ҶѾٽٲۿ˫ҪˣҶ֮ɫ
Сӣ裬Ǽٷ裬㿪ɭȻªףԵޱȵһûսˡ
ʵϣɱͨ˸Ҷ׿ҲֻҶΪˣǰܵ㡢ܽؽȡǿߡĥķ
ȻûǰﻢĳǹûгֱһƸպҶ죬źѪС׻֮ʣܻҶ졣
ҶһԷԤ֮УϾһ߾żǿߡһ߾żǿߣһʱȫ
ȻǷ񶨵ģעҪΪӸۡ

˫ԽԽӽƷХ֮ӿ֮д
Ҷʱ¶һĻ֮ɫЩִٲȡѪкҴʲôȥ
ӳ˻ţһ֪Ŵˡ
߶ǺǣҶΪٿҶʱϵı飬ʱЦ
ûҶѪҶΪԼ飬ƭ
˫һ˲䣬ѪС׻˻ҶǣѪȻС׻Ļ
ʵҶ첻֪ѪǵĺѪǾרѵʦµ֮ǸŲġ
ҲǺѪ֮
Ʋ䣬һƣȴǴһɿֲ˵һ߶꣬ǻһ߼ǿߣҲҪش
һ֮󣬱ǿҲûҶ죬ֱӽɭȻĿתԶҶԡ
ȻҶǱˡ
Ҷֻ߶Ļôȷͬ룬ϧҶ첢ֻ߶
ڣ
콫תҶԵʱ򣬱֮µҶ죬Ȼɴ۾һâ˫֮˸
һ̣Ҷͺһ߾żȻͬǳɱĵ⣬һѪ֮м
ʲôתͷɫһ䡣
Ҷ챬߾żϢʱ˲͸Ӧˣôľ룬ٸӦɵˡ
ǴʱѾˣŵĿУһεѪ֮緢һֲֿٶȣɨĲӡ
ʱоһӽŵװȻ⣬ȴܹӦһвڽӽԼ
ִ֮䣬ֻֻͷսǳḻֱ֪֮ĸӦ£Ȼס
䣡
һ죬ֱӱҶһ飬εĵ⣬ĲӣǱ赲
ৣ
һ̣Ѫⱬ䣬һҺУһֻѪܵĶϱ۷ɳ
ҶΣҲͬǣҶںʮ֮ͣסС׻ҵתͷ
Ϊش˵ֱصˤڵϣҳһҳ
⡪
ҶҲæͣסڵϵ죬۾ʱɵϴ𾪡
Ȼ֪Ҷǿǿ죬һ㱻ҶУҶԻǸоЩ˼飬ޱ𺳡
һҺ𣬶ϱ۵첢û۵Ҷıɱһ
ʱǳǱסϱֹ֮ѪҺʣѵվ𾪵ؿҶ죬¶ŵĹâ߾żŶôôǿΪҸղǵʲô
зһͨ꣬Ȼ߾żʵһǹεĵ⣬Ͳ
߾żҶͻˣҶԾϲؿҶ졣
Ҷ˵ͷ漴Ŀת죬Цһ˻Ҫ֪̫𣿡
䣬С׻㱳Ҷȥֻ۵ɵϴһͺ𣬻Ƶƥ
ɫһ䣬ªϣɵøһ˿۶ˣֹܿѪҶ첻ɱҲѪ
Ҷĵ⣬ǳɵ֪ԼҲסֲֿĹ
Ҷ죬ˣųҶҴһţ˵¾ˣû뵽츳ôǿĿһͻȻ˵
ŶҲ֪ңҶС׻ͣǰȤ˵
һ˵ȴҶԴϡ
Ҷ죬ϻʱ䣬ɱҶԺҶô꣬ɲʲôëͷСӣȻᱻСƲƭ
ɫһ䣬æҶ˵Ҷ죬츳ȻһܹøǽףһΣ
ףǺǣʲôܹұøҶٴ¶Ȥ֮ɫ
һԵҶԳ׼ˣæҶ죬ģʱ䣬϶Ҫˡ
ûƭ㣡æҵ츳ʵܲɫ꣬ǿҵΪ䡣Ҷԣһ꣬Ϊȵ֪ΪʲôΪһ
ҶԺҶԶʱһ˶š
ҶЦɫꣿʮ߾żΪôǳɫꣿ죬ƭ˵ļ̫ˡ
Լǳɫ꣬ʱ仹Ҫ࣬Ҳ߰˼۷塣ֻǳɫ꣬ôܱҪǿ
壬㿴ˣѾﵽ߾ż۷徳磬ҿӾҪͻʮˡҶտտ˵
߾ż۷壿죬ôǳɫ꣬ߺߣҶһ漴Ц
ЩȵؿҶһۣû뵽СӾȻܹ͸ԼΪжҶӼɵˣæ˵ûƭǣܹ֮ôǿǿһҳɫ츳ǼﶼܴﵽĵزҶõǼԻҸǿ
ߣôֱҲڰСطҶЦһҲ졣
ҶȤʵʲôóҪˣУʱ䣬ôȥɡ
ҽһصĵطֻҪǷңұȥҶҴ塣һ˿ϲɫæ˵
~ǰ׳հڷ㣬㻹𣿡ҶŭЦ
Ҷ죬ҿ
£Ҷ첻ٷϻֱӾѪһǿɱڱС׻Ҳͷ­Х
ʱ¶֮ɫæӻȡһҽǱɱҡ
С׻ʱͣס
ҶĿ⿴еĶʱ䷢ŵ죬ͻȻ¶֮ɫ͵ؽеĶҶ졣
ǶڰбȻһƬɫĩ
СģҶԿһĻŭæ


42 ɫ
ȥɣ
ɫķĩڰбȫҶ졣ףһʣ֣ץǹȫҶһǹ
ʱһƬֻҪɱҶ죬㲻ҶԣҲܰȻߡ
෴ҶţҲ˵ġ
ڽ
˵û˼ҲύΪ֪һҶҶԱȻɱġ
ǰɫĩʯҷۣûжУҶ϶ʱϹۣʱıɱһǹˡ
ҶԿþŭӣæѡ
ûõģСˣЦȫ߾ż۷һɷ籩Χҳ졣
һǹһʮǿҲҪȫֵСʧ֮󣬽߾żڵҶ죬ᵲסһǹ
һ̣ۿһɫ䡣
ֻǰҶͻȻ¶Į񣬱⣬ݺ
֪Ϊʲô˫һĿ£͵ظоԼһ
ͷءƣҶһЦ𾪵ĿУȻͺһŵӰɣһɹɺƴ쫷磬ʯҷ۷ȥ

͵ʴףʯҷֱۣӴͷ¡۾ʱʯҷմȾϣ˲ʧˡ
߾ż۷ǿߣһҲˣԭҶһǹҲĺܶ࣬ƫһЩ
ʱҶѪӶ̺ǿѪѾƫĳǹס
ϣ
һ죬ѪϳǹʱҶоһǿǹ洫˲С׻һʮ
Ҳܵҵķ˵͵һѪ۾ʧҵشгǹҲҴ̡
СףϣҶ״һЦ߶С׻ǰһӳɨһ졣
䶯˶ѪӶæǹǰ
ɾĳǹȴֵסķһնϡ
ҶС׻ٴһһȸղŵƻҪǿֱ࣬ӿĲӡªŮˣʱ֣֮ǰסԼǽȴֱۡͷ­һ׷ɳȥѪһء
ѪȵһĻԶҶԶ࣬û뵽Ҷսô׺ݡҲԣҶƽɱЩ޵ʱҲǵֻεĶ󻻳˶ѡ
ʹҶӣ˫ֺͷ­û˵죬Ҳһģæתͷ
ʱҶɾѪѪȻ߶С׻ǰʼʬ塣
Ҷ죬ʲôأ߰ɣȻҴ˾Ҫ׷ˡҶЩȥˣ˶ɱˣʬ
壬ʲôûСҶûлش𣬷ҶԻ˻֡
Ҷһʬ壬ʱķθ˷ۣô㻹ΪʲôˣԼôȥ顣
Ȼ˵ţҶԻȥʬˡ
ҶЦ˵壬ģҲġ㿴ŮĻء
СӣҹҶԴŭҪʬȻͣסȻһԵĶǹ·
޵·֮£ΰʥŮʱ¶Ҷ۾һɡ
û뵽ŮĻǲϧݡҶϾҶǰĻʱһ죬̽ƿʼ
һҶ㿴ҶԴʬҵƷһЩһһȭͷСɫ塣
Ҷһɫ壬۾סҲƲˡ
ţôͻȻоΧŨ࣬ڵڿٵǿţҶһۣҲסеɫ壬˵϶ⶫı仯
һȭͷСԲԲɫ壬ˮһǳƯ
Ȼⶼص㣬صɫˮһóʱҶ㶸ȻоΧŨ౶ë׶ˣٶȱ֮ǰǿ֮ࡣ
ɫ츳ٶȶǿôɫҶԣܵȻӿֲˡ
ǿ֮ôоⶫƴ꣬ͱɵЩһҶг𺳣æùɫˮʱʢ
һ̣Ҷ͵ظоԼڵ궼۾¶̰Ŀ⣬ȻͿһӴеɫԼڣԼա
֮УҶҲ׳ǻɫĹâҲԽԽޣһ˿ɫĹԡ
ţôСˣҶͻȻɴ۾ƬʱڣȻҶеɫˮСһȦһڼС
壬Ҳ⵽ô£ҶҲȣȴǰһЦȫ߶Լ꣬ɫˮڵȫɡ
Ҷȫ߶֮£Ƭʱ䣬ǿȭͷСɫˮ㳹ʧˣһĻҶԵɴ۾š
⡪Ҷ۾г𺳣ʵ޷ƽһͻȻʧǰ
ֻҶ찵һЦ˿гϲΪڣɫѾʧˣȡ֮һɫꡣ
ɫ꣡
ԣ
Ҷɫˮ֮󣬽ɫꡣ
壬ǻȥɣȻҴҪ׷ˡҶ˵ţǱ飬һ֮·һƽ׵ͼǹ似ûȤ㶪Ҷԡ
ţ߰ɣŮһͷѪǼӿǵٶȣҶ𾪵Ŀ⣬뵽Ҵ׷ҪˣæͷѪ
ҶС׻һͬɱȥ
Ѫٶô죬Ҷ㲻С׻ٶȣС׻Ŀʱһ֫ܣһӱ㳬˺ѪһҶҴķȥ
Ҷ죬ȵңҶæ߶Ѫӿٶȣ˲һʧӰ١
֮һźѪɱͣʬ֮ǰ
һ·졣
ţС졭ϵʬ壬۾һɫ䣬˲ʬԱߡ
ȻôңСʵҲҪһܽѵҶʨƥԳ֡
뵽
ͷʬ壬ɫЩӣ̾ϢһҲգΪһ㣬ǼȥḸŮСҲãһ簲ϢΪΪ㱨ġ
˵գʬ壬תͷҴ塣
ȻµҶʨ֣ô׷ȥҲ޿κΣΣաϾҶҴλʮǿߡ
ա
ҶҴ⣬һ
һƬߺУҶҶԻص˴
ҶʨҶӵϾ͸ˡ
ǵӢǻˣҶʨЦ
Ҷ죬γȥĸоôҶЦʵ
һҶɺͰҲˣһŴ峤ȥ
ҶЦź˵ͷһԵҶȴ峤ˡ
ţҶʨɫ΢䣬źۼص˵ͷȻͬߣǻȥ˵
Ҷ桢ϡҶɶһصظȥǷǳҶԶ˵ˣǾĳˡ
ҶԵԸǲʱɨ˵ġ


43 ᾧ
ʯУϤĳǰҶҴǿǡ
ʱÿ˵ɫǳأصԭҶԺҶϢ
Ҷʨɫ࣬ԵҶ죬ʵҶ죬ּҴĺҴ尵йˣ
׶šҶص˵ͷ
ʱΧɫӳˡ
һֱܹƽԭҶҴּҴĺֵҴ壬γһƽ⡣
ּҴ屳壬Ҵ年ᣬƽ㳹״ˡҶҴһӱ˷˼⣬ƷǳΣ
ҶʨΧˣ£ϢӰ죬Ӧúڣһ£ôӦ⼴Σ
ַɵûб¶ҶɱѾʵһҴһ׷ġʣϾҪҴֱвп˶սҶ侲ط
ս޷ģҴȻּҴ壬ôĿ϶ҶҴ塣Ҷɱ죬ֻһսǰȥһַɺ죬սߵ
ҶʨͷʵҴҰģ·˽֪Ϸϵһս֮սûܣֻƴһս
Ȼ޷⣬ǾƴһսɣҶҴλʮǿߣ֪˭ʤ˭أߣҶߵ
峤ֱ˵ɣôȫָʾҶ˵
ʱ˶Ҷʨ
ҶʨɫվΧˣտտãҶҴ޶ȫԱӽ쿪ʼȥˣߣȫս׼ҹԱɳȥ̽ҴּҴĶ
һҶʨдΧҶҴǿȫͷ
˷ִֹС
޶ӵ飬Ҷ콻ҶԺҶȥˣȥѰһЩ鼮鿴յɫˮϢ
Ҷ죬ҶʨûʲôرķԸֻ׼Ĵս

Ҷ죬ҪӼһƤһ档ɻؿҶ죬ѯʵҪЩʲô
Ǻǣ㿴ҶЦ˵漴ץһƤ鿴
ϼ״ҡҡͷҲûмһԾȥˡ
Ҷ쿴÷ǳ棬ҪЩӼ֮еûйɫˮϢһֱϵƤҲֻʣһСˡ
⺢ӣҲȥԷϿ˿ǰ桰顱Ҷ죬ҡҡͷ뿪˰
ûȥҶ죬Ϊ֪Ҷ桰顱ʱϲţҶ첻ЩӼǲ׼ȥˡ

Ҳ֪˶ãǰҶͻȻ۾¶һ˿⡣
ᾧҶץһƤ˷ܡ
һżҰʷӼƤУһᾧĽܡԣӵɫ츳ȥǵǲ֮ʧģǻ۳һȭͷСˮ㱻Ϊᾧ
ᾧӵоһֿԾۼӿٶȵԽǸߵȼᾧֵԽߡ
ᾧǳϡ٣Ͼӵиߵȼ츳߱ͺ٣ᾧȻӵϡ١
ԣÿһᾧ޼֮Ǯġ
û뵽Ȼֱڣ˵ֻҪܵõ㹻ᾧôҵȼѸˡҶ찵ϲҲֱ֪󣬲ô׾ܹõġ
ԺȥѪɣ
ҶƤѾ˵գʰʰ뿪˰
صУҶҴҳطȥˡ
ӵɫ꣬ٶȱ֮ǰʮӦŨ಻سԼڷӵҶг˷ܡ
ڵòһµʱ䣬ұͻƵʮˡҶ찵뵽
Ҫ֪ողͻƵ߾żҪͻһ磬Ƿǳ׵ģ֮ǰɫ츳ҲҪʱС
Ҷɫ꣬ٶʮֱӽʱ̵һ¡
˳ȥҪġ
˵ɫƽĻôɫǴڻɫΨлɫ꣬š
ɫ꣬ѪǣҲûӵС
ֻЩĳǳأ֮ڣɫ츳š

Ҵ塣
ǰͷʬ壬ɫǳѿ
ΧҴǿߣҲһء
ǵĴܴһлͻƵʮڽϣʦš
ȻҴ˶ϲ죬ҪǿʵֻдǿԽ࣬ҴԽǿ
Ǽţȴôҡ
峤һҪ𣡡ҧгݵ
ѪϴҶҴ壡ŭ
ԣѪϴҶҴ壡ŭ
һЩƽϲ죬ˣڴ˿¶ŭ
峤ҲĿ͸ѯʣΪҴλǿߣǷǳ侲ġ
ʱվΧʱ˶
Ȼƣܲȫߵ
ߺߣ
һҴǿԣʱ¶ɭȻЦݣһɱ׺ݡ
ڣҴߣȫս׼״̬Ȼȵ
ǣ
ǣ

һҴǿش
죬޶ӣȥּҴ壬ȻټҴ֮ҶҴ塣ֻҪˣû赲ͳһĲˡ˵
Χ˶һ
üɻ峤ּҴǽˣʱҪȥֺãǽͼʵ
ոյϢƥȻҶҴ壬ҲڻˣǲǶԸҶҴġ
ߣҶҴһʮҶ棬ǼʹǣҲʧġʱּҴСӣǺܿܳΪвԱڴ֮ǰǡ
ߵ
ʱȻ˵ͷЩСûʮǿߣ˭Ҳ˭޷һвҲûСּҴͷ϶ǶԸҴ塣
ԣּҴ壬ӦһֶּҴ壬ȫԸҶҴ塣һСӣ㲻κвˡЦ
峤Ӣ
һҴǿ߸ߺ
עǲƽһ죬Ҵ޶ӣҹϮּҴ塣
ҹʱҴǿƹּҴѲҹĶ飬ŵּҴɱȻȻ򿪴š
ʱпɱ¾ʼˣּҴһѪȵ¾֮С
ּҴĴ峤ۣûַɵּҴ壬סԼҴ޶ǿߡ
죬Ҵ徹ҳϷҲŲ㣡챯гںޣԼȻַɵĻҴ年ᡣ
뻢ıƤѰ·


44 
ʱˮڲ䣬ĵĴָ
ĺҹϱֵİȡɫĹԣŴڵķ϶Ҷϡ
֮ϣҶӦ΢΢۾¶˵⡣

ҶһչһŨĶ𽥱սڡִ֮Уſ͵һӣʡ
ǲ˼飬һϵȻô࣬ɫꡣ£Ҫһʱ䣬ҾͻʮˡҶϲɫ
һϵᵽɫǿֲֿٶȣ𺳡
Ҷʮ㣬һڣаͻʮ֮ڣаսʦ硣
ɫ꣬СطѾ޷סˡ
Ҵ𴲳Щ緹֮ҶݼҶҴΣܹһͻƵʮһݱҶҴ˷κһʱ䡣
ʱҶҴҲţ˶ڵȴӵϢֻҪҴһжǾٴС
ҶԡҶɸָ޶ӽأһЩҲڴʸ˦ǹսþߣСЩؼʱ뷢ʦǿ߿⣬˸޷ֵ
˽ʱӴһŮһϢ
ҶʨҶ˵;ˡ
ѩѾͷ⵽ô£ּҴ岻ǺҴôҶʨӴŮʵ
ҶڴˣͻϳŮ۵ĶŮѩ
ѩ˿̱Ŵˣžֵı飬һ԰ףΧҶҴ񿴵ð̾Ϣ֪˺ܴĴһûлع
ãôãֽǰöʱرһʹ顣
ҲˣĴ㣬ѩľֵָ̬һЩʼ˵һЩ
ˣˣҿﱻɱˣɽҺСӳ
׷ɽסˣҲˣҺСöץˡ

ѩ϶˵ûг׻ָɫ֮ɲž֡
һԵֽʹޣҲûһ㽿һռŮĴǳ
һҶҴ񶼳ĬˣҶҴ岢еּҴ壬һռˣĸо
峤ǴҴȳġӵһ߼˵
Ҷʨ˵ͷ漴˻֣Ҷȥ
û뵽ҴôײУȻѶƽȥˡҶüּҴϡ
һԵҶЦ뻢ıƤ͸³ҲϺͿˡ
Ҿûô򵥣ȻҪ׼ּҴ壬ֺαظǽˣƥ򵽵ڼƻʲôҶЩɻ˵
˶ҡҡͷҲ²Ҵ˼
ΣϾҪֱҴˣ˶þս׼Ҷʨȵ
һ˶ʱͷ
峤ҪҶ𣿡ҶɺȻʵ֪ԼӶû룬֪ñץƻЩ鷳
š
ҶʨüͷһҡҡͷʱҶգԲܸϢԺҪ͹ɡ
Ҷɵ˵ͷҲ㿼ǣΪ֪Լӵĸԣһ֪ϢȻȥˣʱͻҴȦˡ
Ǽȥ̽ҴĶֻҪҶҴ壬ϻ棡Ҷʨλӵ˵
˵ͷȻżˣʧҶҴ⡣
ҶʨҶ桢ϵһۣ˱˴еĳأһҶҴ弸ĴΣһɲǾ³
ÿжأ˿Ĵ⣬ƴһս
ʱ仺ţһʮ죬Ҵ嶼ûжҶҴ˷ǳȡ
Ǻ֣ҴʱӦһҶҴŶԣôᰴأ
ǰΪ飬𶯡
ʮСӶˣˣž۵һȻھҴ塣
Ȼûһʮϵǿߣȴмʮ߾żٸ߰˼һɺǿʵ
ʵĻ˵ʵԶҴҶҴ塣
Ϊûʮǿͷ˭Ҳ˭ò᳹ûκι
Ҵ壬ҶҴ壬ûа˷

঵ʱҶȻ
ʱ䣬ҲΣҶɡҶ˵Ŀ£֪飬ּҴ屻Ϣ֪
ҶҲûǻƭԼҶҴû£ѾҪĹͷˡ
ʮҶ٣ɫ츳еҪǿöࡣ
ʱҶΪѾ߾żˣ߾ż۷Ҳֻһˣ⼸֮ڣҪͻˡ
ϥڴ֮ϣҶĺƽȣԼĺš
֮ڣһɹɻܵɫǣ˷ӵ
ҶĵطγһУɣȻԼ
ڣڵ籼ڵĺˮžӿֹŵʮȥ
һδεĳʹһѾɾһ󲿷ֻ֣ʣһС۹ǿ谭
ʮ߾żһˮ룬ֻдͨʮߵڣγһԲһЩڹķ
ڹķߵٶȻࡣ
СطΪȱڹķÿٶȶǳ
ҪҶʨڹķ͵ȼģͻʦ硣
ݴ½ӵиߵȼ츳˱Ͼ߶ƾǿڹķ̤۷ġ
һЩӵиߵȼţһڹķ֮ٶȿƿֲΪǿǶǰ϶ġ
Ҷ챾ͻʮ֮ȥѪǲμѪˣֻҪѪԻڹķʱʵĸ졣

Ҵ塣
һ֮ۡУ߽죬ʱ۾ô
޴󰭣Լؿڣ¶һ˿Цƥƴشңȴ򡭡
˵գ첢ָ罣ָȻһ˿ɫȻֻһţ޼᲻ݵķâϢõһԵ¶ϲɫ
ϲ㣬Ѿһֻ̤ʦˣһ֣ҶҴɡҴͳһָտɴˣЦ
ҴһֱûжΪϴּҴʱ챻ƴ֮ش
첻ָƣʵһ̤벽ʦ磬һٳΪǿߡ
ָƵĵڶ죬ҶҴ壬ҴߣҶҴ屼Ϯȥ
ƴĶȻҶҴӷæȥˡ


45 ۷ʮ
ӵӵϢҶҴʱٴС
ҶʨҶ桢ҶԡҶɡϵǿߣһͬԺǽ֮ϣÿ˵ɫǳء
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ҲҶʨ
ϵˣ˿̱ҶҴĹǣΨĴڣҴʱҲû˿η塣
ҶʨΧҶҴλǿߣȵ˶ҴһսغҶҴ˿ңÿ˶ҪƴһսҴܣҶҴѾûеڶ·ѡΨɱɱɱ
ɱ
ɱ
Ժǽ֮ϣһҶҴǿͣǷźâĵ£⡣һʸ˸űĹÿҶҴߵϣ˾
䣡
ȻԶɽ֮ϣһ㱼ܵ
Ҷʨһ׷תͷȥֻԶһȺֳֵǹߣǿһɱһ·̳
ҴˣҶʨ
ԺǽϣһҶҴ仰ʱһɫˡսվҪʼˣǿĴӣһ֮ս
Ҵ˼̣֮Ҷ۾еĳָŲ񷣬ȵ׼һɱУ
ɱҶԴ
ɱҶɴ
ɱҶҴ޶ӵ
Ҷ桢ҶɡҶ˵ָ£ҶҴɵ׼һͶʯѾ׼ãһҲѾ˹ңֻҴ˽ڣ뷢
Ҷʨ˫֣ԺǽˣصĿ⣬Ҵͷһߡ
޷ǣԷҴĴ峤ΨһһʦǿߣҲҶʨΪɵһˡ
ΪΪֹû֪ʦǿû񽻹֣Ҷʨûаְա
峤ҪҶ𣿡Ҷһʵ
Ҵһʦһʮһ߾żǿߣֻʮռԺǽ֮ҲԵֵ
ʱҪ̽ʵԵֵҶֵܵҶߣҶʨҡҡͷϵǻ۵Ĺâ
ͼƻõģܱסҶҴ壬ôͱסҶһˣֻҪҶ컹ţҶҴ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴һԼָӷȥˡ
ʱԶҴٽҶҴ壬֮ͣס
ҶʨþòˣϼһﻹûһЦ·Ҵ֮УƥѪϣˡ
ߣ뷢԰ףĲǺܸߴ󣬵¶ϢȴǳˣҴ߼Ҳûһ˵ϢƴעĿҴĴ峤񣬰Ψһһʦǿߡ
ұߵǸˣĿ࣬ͷҰףŸϣһĨЦмضҶҴԺǽЩˡ˵Ҵ޶ӵĶӳ졣
ǰУжЩҴҲ׷չҶҴĴŻ۶ÿһ˶׺ݵϢЩλεĵǹ˸ĺâ
֮гŽգսٵѹȸУ˽Ϣ
Ҷʨ죬ߵ㶼ûô
ٺ٣᲻ҲУϷҶҴһȥ񣬴ӽԺ󣬰ҴˡɫЦ
ҴҰ·˽֪ҶҴҲǳصģҪҶҴ壬ҲҪĸ²УߣҶʨ˵
峤αظǷϻһȺ˶ѣնҶʨƥ򡣡һЦ漴һһҴɱҶҴš
żҶһȡ
ʱ৶£һһƿ֮죬ƿҴǸȥ

Ҵǻеıֵʸǰе򷢳ҽУУԵڵء
ûõģҶҴձһٶȷǳ죬Ѹٳ嵽ǰ𳤽Ŵȥ
˸֮䣬һ糤Ľһţ˴֮СʱҶҴľʯѿһѷ죬һڼ
ۼ׼ٴʱԺǽ֮ϵҶ浱ɱ졣
СĽѾͻƵ˰벽ʦˡҶʨȵղſһŵĽжʱȻ֪ͻˡ
СԼɣһһԾ˳ԺǽɱҶʨ
żҶʨȣʸʱһܼŰеȥ
СǿʦǿߵмһЦһȫͬɫĹâǳĳңмļʸ
ҶҴĹǶʱޱȣô򣿼ֱˣˮˡ
˦ǹҶʨסе𾪣侲ٴδȵ
һҶҴ߶ʱعǾֵ˦ǹһһ˦ǹͶҪ
ৣ
һΰܼĹɫڱˣ˦ǹĹԶʸһô֮£ոձʱûк
һҶʨƥСˣһһƺԺǽŷ֮æ˿һǿ˦ǹ
ʱһһţ˫ʧܵ˵ҶҴռݵҴ塣
Ȼʵǿ󣬵ÿεӽԺǽʱ򣬾ͱ˦ǹˡҶʨվԺǽ侲ָţΣңõҶҴʱסҴĽ
˫Ȼڲɱţÿʱÿ̶ˡ
ѪҺѾȾҶҴĴſڡ


ҶҴҴɱʱҶڵ͵شһͺ
漴ѣһ޳ӰͥԺ֮С
ʮûû뵽ͻʮ֮ҵȻǿôࡣʮȫͨҵתһˡ
ڳŵĻҶ˷ܡ
ʮӣڵбڣӵһڵʮתγһ졣
ʱ˿̣ҶоԼȫ¶ǿ
ҶƥˡԶһЦʱ˷֮еҶ쾪ѡ
ţҶüҶҴſڵķ򣬱ӳ鶯һ£ʱɫһ䡣
ãҴ˴ˣ峤Σգ
Զ죬ټŵеѪζҶʱµҴˡ
£ҶһҶҴĴſڼȥ
Ƭ̣ҶϵˣʱԾԺǽ峤Ҷʨһ
ʵǳǿ󣬵ҶʨҲѾﵽ벽ʦ磬һȸոմﵽ벽ʦ춼Ҫ࣬Ȼܹʦǿ߿⡣
ҶҲóҶʨս飬ֻǺǰķˣԲûȫ֡
Ƚ죡۾ɨһսϵĴҶжʱ˻һҶ潻ֵȥ


46 Ծʦ
ҶĺʱʤϡҴ˽⣬Ƚ졢ʵɱ˸Ҫ˶೤ʱ䡣
û졢ұۣʹǿҲޣٶҶҴв
ţҶӼѸٽӽҶս
䣡
ۻڱһƾͽΧΧҶҴѪףһӳŰ
˵ҶҴ߶ʱ¶֮ɫ
ৣ
ڴʱҶһסֲһǽ緢ĳ飬ҶҲˡ
壡
Ҷ죡
ҶæסҶ浹˵ӣ߿Ҷ쵽۾ʱһ
壬һｻҾˣȥҶҶ˵ͷ侲˵
Ҷͷ漴ѵСģﵽ˰벽ʦ硣
벽ʦҲҪҶ쿴Զ죬к˸
ٺ٣ҶҴ廹ûˣδɵСҲЦгâ˸
㣡ҶһЦֱ졣
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ʮ
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СӲŶ󣿲Ϊﵽʮƽ似Բ磬츳ѪǶŽǰˣΪʦǰ϶ġ
ŶϮҶ죬Ŀ˸ĵױһǿҵɱ⣬ҴҶҴ峹׷ǰǳɳպضҴĸ󻼡
츳ţҶҴģǾȥĺá
뵽˴ɱԽŨһҶ죬ЦϷɱ˲ˣǻûɱţɱһˬ
䣡
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ɱңûǸ£һҶЦһȴ˿壬ԼѪһӭȥ
첻Ҵ⣬ûӲƴƷһ䣬ѪĵͬʱһֱҶ죬ɫСӣȥɣ
µĽ˲ɭķâõܵҶҴ񶼾Ҷ죬Сģ

Ҷ˫ʢѪ֮ϣȻһε˵ɱ
䣡
ơײһ˲һǿķ籩Ǵ߻۵ıǿõõ涼һ㳾ɳ졣
׺ݵĶײֱõս˾Ҷʨֵ񣬶ԺĿ⿴
Ҷƥû뵽ҶҴ廹ţϧĶ֣ˡЦʵзǳ𾪣û뵽ҶҴţҪǷֵ磬ԺȵҶɳҴĸ󻼡
ߣ˭ʤ˭һأҶʨ˿Цһսء
ٺ٣ѲΪСӻܶù죿һ֮ɫ
ڴʱ
أ
һ̳һӰͻȻ˳صڵϡ
ͣӰһأ͵һѪɫȲ԰סʱ˵Ŀⶼ˹ţΧһƬšҶҴĴ񣬻Ҵǣɴ۾𾪡
ԶҲ¶ŵɫ
ΪѪˣҶ죬Ҵ޶Ӷӳ죬벽ʦǿߡ
һպĸ֣ȴڰܸҶ졣
㡭һѪ֮󣬸оԼؿڷǳʹʱָָָ̧ԶҶ죬ֻ˵һ㡱֣㲻ʵضˡ
죡
৵һ£ߣסӡϳ𾪺ͲţԼϻƣԼұۣǰ
ҵս˿̱óİһĿ⣬ŨŨ𾪣ȫҶϡ
죬ˣһһʮС
ǵУ۾ɵϴ󣬳ʵ죬˶һޱȵ𺳡
Ҷ죡
Ҷ죡

ҶҴǲظߺһޱȼʿǡ
Ҵǣ׵һܴӣڶǸ޵е޶ӶӳȻһʮɱˡ
¡һЩҴߣ̲סһĭг˾
һʮʮǿߣһǴ벽ʦ츳ֻñ̬ˡ
ʹýֺͷ룬ţֻҪԺʦǿߣһᳬԽ񡣱ϾҶ̫Сˣǰ;˭Ҳ޷ԤԺĳɾжôߡ
ãããԶҶʨڴһ֮󣬶ȻЦϵУ޾ϲãֱ޷Ρ
Ҷ죡
ԶҶԡҶɵҲһÿҶҴ˵ϣ˷ܡ
ʣնɱ֮Ҷ֮ţһһǿˡ
Сӣ츳ôǿ󣬽ҲһҪҶҴᣡ
һҶҴϵ˷ܡ
˿Ѿ侲ʬ彻һλҴߣ󻺻վɭȻĿ⣬ŶҶ죬˫֮Уɱ䡣
ɣһʦûɱңҶɫȻ˿壬Ŀ⼤Ѫ⾶ֱָ
ʱһɱ⣬ҶеѪ֮б
䣡
ƤһЦһֺ̧һ͵Ϯĵ顣
Ҷɫһ䣬ʦԷǳȻĵ⣬ȴܹӦĵ
ɱİɣһǿ似߾ߣǲ֪ʦǿ֮
һЦһȭͬɽһϯ۵ĹâһƬա
Ҷʱܵһɺ嫵ӴѹֽϢѹȸС
ɱ
ؼʱ̣ҶһɱǣǲҪǮƵ緢һ񣬵֮ȻеӿȻа֮
벽ʦһţ͸㲻ˣһ漴ɫԽˣ˾ɱ⡣


47 
УҶԳ֣жɱ⡣
ȻҶᣬǸղһ̽ѾܵʵҶʨҪǿԲ˿⡣ڷ֮䣬һɰƵһƬ̳
棬ҶȻ˫ֽѪ֮ϻѪ֮ǰնɱʱµѪң񣬾۷塣
һǰĵһǿߣһǰĵһţǶ˵ĶԾǣڳ˵
츳ǿϧûнʦǴ峤Ķ֡һҴߵ
ǿɲһ޶ӶӳҶ쵶¡ҶҴЦʵҴ޷
ߣߺʦͬľ磬ҾͲܹԽսʤʦ
ǿ˵
ߣƣ

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ΪǶⳡսȨҶУ֮еʤ߲һС
Ҷ˹Ҷʨѯʵ峤˵ҶӮ𣿡гɣǿʦ
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峤ҪȽǣȥҶ졣ҶԶŲԶһȺҴɭЦ
УǱƼҪǶ֣ͨǾܾˡǵҶֳʤ˵ӮˣҲûڹҶҴˡҶʨҡͷ
ãҶ桢ҶԵ˵ͷ漴˵Ŀٴοмսˡ
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ҴĶžѧнţƽм似սҶԾ
ԭǻƽм似
ҶһĿһѹָղһȵôǿԭǰΨһһƽм似
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ҿûннԲ磬һսҶɡ
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һΣҶܵвԷ˫£ÿһȶſµѪ
Ҷ죡

ԶҶʨҶ桢ҶԡҶɵ͵رɫǡ
ҶҴһĶˡ
Ҿ˵Ǵ峤Ķ֡
ٺ٣Сˣ峤н޵У˭ֵܵ
ֻҪһҶҴˡ

ҴǷ׷״ϲЦ
һĹҶأһ̣˭֪Ҷ䶨ˡ
Ҳ䣡ҶȫڵҪػѪ֮Уȥ
ৣ
һ糤ĵ緢÷飬Χһ
һ츳ٸʱ䣬նᳬԽϷ򣬿ϧûǸʱˡɭȻЦҶֳʵԽǿԽģеɱԽԽǿҡ
Ҳ䡭ɱҶԽʱıԽ侲ǰһֻϻɱʱʱ̷Ϊʤһֱ漣漣ҪԼ졣
ҶսԱǣֱսһ̡
Сӣƾʵ޷ϷʦԽ󡣡һͶ𺳣սڣһȻô࣬ʦǿߡ
䣡
Ҷشһ߷ɣڰѪ硣
Ҷ죡ҶҴ˾ҶʨҶһˡ
Ҳܷɱ
Ҷ˫ˣ޾ɱ⡣
ԶҶʨҶ˼ˣ׼Ԯڴʱ˼һĻˡ
ϡ
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⡭˵ɴ۾ŵؿһĻ
ԭ׼ҶҲ֮ɫŵؿǰһĻ
ৣ
ıҶͷϿգţš
Щ棬ҶѪڷ裬ԭڵ˫һ̱Ѫɫ
ɱҶһͷҲŷȥ
ôܣɴ۾ţӿγɻֵЩĹ
ϡ
ǹһһܼȫ񸩳£ײ
ÿһײΧĻһ£ɫѿһ֡
ã񾪿ֵĿУһѪĻֱӲѡʱѪҺ
ҡôᡭܡ㡭ǰ꣬Ĳʣеɫȴʧ
ɱҶγѪȵؿǰȥ񣬴ʱеѪɫѾʧ
ԶѻȸΧһƬš
ÿ˵ж𺳣
ʱ߿֮ϣһ޵ĺ컨ƯУʻŮ
һɣƮ첻·Ů·
һȹò崿ͫףüĽë΢΢زţĽ֮ɫ鲻Խһϧ
ҶڴˣͻϳȹŮӣ÷á
ףȻǵӣһʦ綼ûдﵽСһ˵⣬˵ӡӺȻüһ¶֮ɫ
Ǻǣû뵽ƫƧСطȻţϧǻڲеӣĻһӡ
һЦ
ʦҶ磡ؿӡ
ˣҶѾûˣ츳ҲֻΪʦúмĻᣡһڣʻʱٷɶʧƲ֮С
Ҷ磬Ҫҡ
ϣҶ͵̧ͷĲ񷣬¶ɻ֮ɫղţʲôϤѵǻþ


48 齨
ҶҴſڴһƬš
˶ųгֵ꣬þ˵ÿ˵ж𺳡
ҶѪڵѪĽ£һʬ壬ǰĵһǿߣǰΨһһʦ
ȻӽԺĵһǿߣһʦѾΪȥ
Ҷ촴˰Ĵ棬񣬳ΪƬǿˡ
ãҶ桢ҶԡҶɵޱȼ˷֮ɫ
ҶʨȷӦԶҶҴ񣬺ЩѾŴ˵Ҵǣһ˿׺ݣȵɱҴˣɱЩˣҶҴͳһ򡣡
ͳһҶʨеҰģһֱҴĿģǽȴˣҶҴ徹Ȼ֮ʵˡ
ɱҶʱӦɱҴǣû֮Ҵ߸סλʮǿߡ
ɱЩӣ
ɱ
ҶԺҶɶ˷ܵشš
еҶҴ񶼷ˣһʿǣɱҴǡ
û죬ҲɱҲڲ֮ҶɱҴȺףңսӲһҶҴɱĴӡ
Ҷʨû飬Գ֣նɱһλλҴߣЩˣȫɱ⡣
ҶҴſڣѪȾ˵棬ʬ壬ѻɽ
ҶɾѪһԣûٴγ֡
ʵϣһսѾʤҪٳˡҴ峹ˣӢǿߺ͸߲ȫɱˣʣµҲΪǣһЩСӶȲϡ
һսϢܿ촫򣬶ʱеĴССĴӶˣ򶼷·һ
ҶҴһս֮󣬳ȡҴĵλǿʢˣΪ֮İ
ҶһսΪһǿߣҲǵһţ׳еż
ԴˣҴʱ뵽ҶҶҴʱ

峤ҵʯݣǰΧһҶҴ߲㣬ÿ˶Ǻ棬һҶ棬Ҳ¶Цݡ
ҶʨϷЦݣΧҶҴ߲㣬ǿߵҶʱϵЦݸӷʢˡ΢΢һ£һףˣʱ
λǰҶ桢ҶԴӣҴ壬Ҵ֮ɱԣӽ쿪ʼҶҴˡ
ҶʨĻΧҶҴ߲ǶЦݣҶҴ˵ʷԵʱ̡ûһ죬ҶҴôʢȴˣעҪҶҴʷУϵҫ
һҶɫȻаҡͷȻûвҴһսǾ֪һս֮Ҵ˶ɱЩ档
ҶҴûзŹκһҴ֮ˣȫȫɱ
ǰΪֱҶȻʲôͬķ֮ˣ뵽Щ޻֮ҲɱˣЩζ
һ뵽ҴӮˣôҶҴҲͬ³
пĵطûзԼĵطΨʵһС
ǶԻǴֻҪҵҶҴˡҶ΢΢۾ٶʱȴһƬᶨ֮ɫ
Ҷ죡
ͻȻҶʨ
ţ峤ôҶ쿴Ҷʨ΢΢ɻ
ЩʲôأҸղ˵ҶҴ彫֮ǰҴһ׼ǳأʲô飿ҶʨЦ˵
ҲҶ죬Ȼ߲һʮ꣬ڳûһ˸Сĵһǿߣĳɾ͸ǲ
ʵϣҶҴ壬λߵѾǴ峤ҶʨӵǿʵҶ졣
ҶҪʲôûһ˻ᷴԵġ
ǿΪݴ½淨
ţ峤ǳһ뷨ǲӦͬҴԳǳأӦһ롣Ҷһ£˵
ʵҲʹ˵ģҴ֮ҶҴѾûʲôвˣ׼źô󣬱ȥѪǴ
һ룿ҶԶʱüͷ˵⻰ĲҶ죬ͷˡ
ҶʨҶȤؿҶ죬ȴҶĻ
Ҷ쿴˿ΧˣҪһǳףҪչһǳأɲҶҴ㹻ˣҪеĴӹͬչС
ƶٲŽҪһĳǳأǲܵġ
ҶĻĬ˼

̫ˣҶҴôˣһǳزѣʱ㹻нʱ򡣵ǳǽˣҪôչأ
Ȼ⿿ҶҴǲеģûô֣Ҳûôûôྫ
ҶɨΧһۣ˵ҾãҶҴʱ齨ˣȵǳؽúҶұ³ǵĵһңӵˣС壬Ǿ񡣡
壡
˾һǳ˵ĳƺЩطˣ붼롣
ʱ˶ˡ
Ҷʨʢӣȵãô죬ҶҴӽ쿪ʼΪȥԺͬӵܡҶң
Ҷң
Ҷң
˸ߺһ˷ܣж
ⲻļֵϵϵҪôأü
ҲüͷǱһˣֵܣҪֵϵϵƻ˴˵Ĺϵ
ҶʨҶҲ뵽ʱü鷳ˡ
ǳ˵ļ壬ҶҲҪֵϵϵҶҵ峤֮λ֮λȫƾԵʵ߾֮Ҷ˵
ԶǾ
ȻˣҶҵĵһ峤Ҷ㵣ΰɣϷռϵλӡҶʨ˵ͷЦ˵
峤ˣûĸ˼ҶԶʱˣæվ֣ûʲôҰҪ峤
û˵ʲô˼ʵѾˣ׼ˣʵû˱ʺҶҵһ峤ˡҶʨҶļϵЦ⣬ǳ̹
ǡҶʱᣬŪ˰죬Լȥˡ
Ҷ죬ͲҪƴˣһ峤Ī˭䡣ҶҲվ˵˫տտؿҶ졣
Ҳʮ꣬ʲôôҶңҶЦȻϲɲʱ˷ڹ档
Ǻǣ㲻õģһֻ֮˵ģҪ£Ҷ桢Ҷǻ㴦ġֻҪʵԽԽǿҶұԽԽʢҶʨЦ˵
ǰҶ죬ڣЩС鲻ģǰʲôԺҲʲôһжڡҶҲԼؿڱ֤
Ҷ쿴ҶɣԼϵҲһ϶֮ɫһ̾˵ͷðɣλˣ黹ǹܡ
ãҶʨһӣ˷ܡ
󽫳ѡá
齨Ҷңȴ˵峤֮⣬滹дϡִϡػϡ̫ϳĴϣʮλͨϡ


ڶ Ѫ


49 Ѫ
Ĵϵĵλ峤ͨϸҶҵĸ߲㡣
ϸ𴫹ɰϵΣʵ㹻ˣûκ
̫ϳϲһˣһȺ壬峤ϡִϡػϡͨϵԺԶΪ̫ϳϡ
ֻĿǰֻҶʨһˣλܸߣڲµģϵĵطֻڼͷŲ顣
ִҶ浣Σ˽ټʮʵִΪʺϣûκ˸ҷԡ
ҶԵʵҶ棬ػϣػİΣ
ҶɱҶһӵĶӳҲǽ³ǵĳӶӳ³ԼػҶҵİΣ
ʮͨϵλӣΰʵԭҶҴ߲㵣Ρ
һԺݴ½Ҷңһªʯڵˡ

Ҷҽ֮Ҷ˦ƹÿ㻹
һ֮ҶΪﵽʮڣС׻ĴԴ̾СףҪˣҶҴ壬ػƬط
𣡡С׵ͺһԴҶƣֻ۾֮У˲ᡣ
СףѾ߰˼ʵһԼٶšҶԤϣһ֮Сױܽʦ𣬵ʱĶ֡
ѪǿʱΣգҶ첻׼СȥǽҶҴ壬ػҶҵİΣ
Сͨ飬֪Ҷ뷨͵ͺ˼ҶԼء
ЩС׵ԴҶһ̾
֮峿ҶҴŴۼˣҶʨϡҶ桢Ҷɡ÷ҶԡҶѩֽˣԼһЩ޶ӵĶԱˡ
ҶǣһƥѪվڴſǰЩǰǡ
ĸ÷ỨؿҶ죬ΪҶҪȥѪˣһȥҲ֪ʲôʱܻЩ꣬Ҷ컹δԶţνǧĸǡ
һԵҶɣҲĲᣬǰҶļ򣬳ж־ķҶĶӣһ޺
ȥɣи㣬㣬һ죬һʫ˵ĿУĴ˵Ҷ֣صؿҶ죬Լ嵶ݸ
壬⡭ҶüͷѵҶһ嵶ҪԿ֪
ȥѪǣѪȻܴѵһҽ㣬ϣɳ֮ǰػ㡣Ҷᶨ˵
ƺܵҶľģҶ΢΢һ£֣صؽӹصص˵ͷ壬Ҳûѵġ
ҶЦŵͷ
ӣҪסҶ߳ȥĺӡټҪΪеˡҶʨһӵݸҶ죬֣ص˵
Ҷصͷ֮ҶԡҶ˵
ҶһĺˬЦǺǵҶ죬ϣһλѾʦǿˣҶҴĵһʦ
ҶңҶҵĵһʦҶЦ˵
ҶԶʱԴͷԣҶң˵գЦ
Ҷ죬Ҫĺһ㣬ԺܲܳΪʦͿˡҶǰЦ˵
Ȼϣһ죬Ҷ˶ʦǵҵĺϢһõġҶ˸ŵĹâ
Χ˶һ˶ʦһ죬ôؽһ档
ѩǰؿҶ졣
ѩ㣬ģһҵõġҶԼؿڱ֤Ҵ֮ǴһҴ߿е֪õϢ
˵ǶҴѺûȥʱͻȻһŮһʻ٣ñǱŮˡ
ҶʹƲ⣬ˣԷпǴ˵еǿߣõһԺõĳɾᳬ
ȻˣҶҲͷˣȥѪǣҲ˳̽һѪΧɣ˵ܹҵõϢ
㡭㱣أѩԴһ£漴Ŀ⸴ӵؿҶ죬ĵ̾Ϣһ£˵ͷ
ţҶͷ漴ϺѪֺ˸
ҶҴһ˵ףУҶźѪͬһ磬ʧѵɽ֮С

ʮ·ݵѾǳ䣬΢紵һ˿ĺ
ѪǷǳԶԺѪٶȣҲҪҹܸϵҶһһ߸·ҪܸϵѪǡ
ԴҶҲûżһγԶţʲô棬һ·ɽɽˮˮҲڡ
˵ѪĿ˷ֱʮ˺¶ʮ죬ھ¶ʮ˻ʮ죬㹻ҸеѪˡҶ뵽ںѪϣһ·ϷǳУ˱ͣϢ
ڵʱҶ쿴һƬ߼ʵĳǽзǳ𺳡
ףԼڵִѪˡ
˵ѪֻֿڵһСǣֿǴ׹ʮеһںޱߵݴ½ڽӴĻ̫Сˡ
ҶңԶ߼ʵĳǽг˸пѪֻһСǶѣû뵽ȴѾô׳ˡ
ѪǵĳŴ˿һĶ飬ҶҲ棬ȴǡ
Ҷȴ˰죬ûֵвɵøпѪǵϽ
ʱԶƥڣһʮ˵ѪԶڶ˶ʱÿһ·Ǿֱڣûͣ¡
ѪֱӾܽǣ
֪ʲôѪǳĵϵӣѪӵкܴȨ˭ǽǣ
ܹΪѪͺˡ

ΧҶտտܵѪǿƣ
ŰɣҪ˼죬ҲܳΪѪҶսȭͷţڵʵͨѪĿ׾ٵġ
ãֵҶˣһʿȵƣ
ڽǵĳҶ͸Ҷǳ侲˵ˣҵһѪǣûơ
൱Ҷǰֻ֤гǳڵĳ԰䷢ƫƧĵطûơ
ʿԣƲƲ죬Ȼ³ҶмؿҶ죬ʵˣʲô֣ǵȥƣϲ鷿ûһɸϳǡ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴˵Լ֣Լ
һʿǼǺú󣬱Ҷˡ
ڽֵͨ˴ˮһƬپ
ڽֵԣָĵ̿ҶۻңһЩ¥ջ߸߹һ̨ͤ¥ӦӲϾ
ҶһǾ͸п֣ҶҴʯ˷ѪǣΧķݣһִԭʼ뵽ִĸоˡ
Ӧһ·ҶĿɨܣ˶ǴŲ·ȴǴƤֲȺĹһ졣
պǰ治Զһҵ̣ҶȾܣҴܽҵ֮ڡ


50 
㲻Ұˣ
һһӢӵ֮߳һϯˮɫۣϳŵЦݣ󳤷Ʈ裬ǳ
˵ǻһѵҶ죬ʱЩ񸻼ҹӵģ
ȥһƣȻҼҿջס£Ѫ˵ˡҶ찵˼һ£漴֮С
ͨѯʣҶܿҵƵĵطһӣڵõԼơ
СһƣԺҶߴ½£ƶСá
֮Ҷ׼Ҽҿջס¡
ջǳѰңΪѪǵĿջʵ̫ˣҶһңúáĿջ
˿ջƣҶȤ˽ȥ
һȥһСӭ
ӭ٣ӣ֪ǳԷסꣿСǳ˵
ס꣡Ҷ쵭
һҶҪס꣬Сˣ˵ӣмұĵȷ䣬׼һһ죬Ҽʮһ죬ʮһ죬һ졣֪ѡһ֡
ô󣡡Ҷ԰һһ㹻ֵͨ˼µķˣû뵽ֻסһ졣
ֻǧԺҪǮʡŵ㻨Ҷ˼Ƭ̺󣬶Сһ䡣
ʵҶҴ岢ôҶҶҴĵλȻֻҡҲģ˲·ҶֻǧѪǡ
ǡ͹٣Сԣһ˿мҲû˸ղŵ飬ӦһҶȥ䡣
ԴˣҶЦҡҡͷûźһСƽϡ
ãҶСĴ£Լķ䡣ֻһŴһ·ļӣȻʲôûˡ
ǹªģҶ״Цһ£ȻԸСȥ׼һЩˣ棬ûпԼ㻨˼ʮӡ
СȻмĮӦһȥˡ
ȻС̬ȲãǰЧʻǷǳߵģҶȶãСһЩˡ
͹ãȥҾˡС˵漴ȥˣ˳÷š
Ҷӣ湻ʵģһʼƺΪӣڶΪ͹ˡ
΢΢Цһ£Ҷܿ챻Щˣò˵ǳҶҴЩֻҪ˾ܳԵķˣķ˲ķ˰
Ҷشһ٣оѪǣĿǰջٷˡ
⵹ΪҶһԻҶҴʵ̫ˣõĵֻǾǱزٵͺΣ֮⣬ʲôҲûˡ
ټ˵ĳʵڲҹάҶܹԵĶ֪ܹԵʳû㹻ĵϺͳգЩʳҲֻǸɰͰ͵ģܲóԡ
رһ֮Ҷ쿴˿ɫѾڣһϥڴϣ֮С
ӵɫҶ죬ٶȷǳ죬ЩƳˮһ㣬಻س۶
ܿ죬ҶܸܵԼţЩڵʮ֮š
ʮҶѾ֪ôˣΪʮѾȫͨһô֪
ֻܼڵת죬ʹ֮׳
ֻһʦҶԷѾˣҪ֪ʦܣֻгΪѪҲҶ켱Ѫǵԭ

峿һ͸ķ϶ʱҶ컺˫
ʱâһš
Ҷչһ¸첲´ʱоȫﵽ۷״̬
һ֮Ҷ˿ջڽֵع
ѪǷǳ٣о¥ջԺķ޳еȵȣԹǳԺֵĵطҶۻҡ
Ҷһ죬ڼ仹һҾ¥һ٣ȵʱ֣һӪǰŵĸѪ߼ΪһѪ£絶
ѪĴӪҲǲμӿ˵ĵطҶ쿴ǰɭϵĴӪгｫ̤ݴ½ĵһվ
ԶһŵѪڴӪǰǻҶ죬üͷ𣬲ȵʲôأѪӪصأϽͣߡ
һȣһɱ֮
Ҷ찵ľѪͬ߼ϵ²Ǵ˵Ķ֡
ǺǣһСëѣôš
ǰѪǣ˭Ѫǰ⺢ӿ϶ΪѪ࿴Ҳûµġ
ϧҪΪѪҲҪ߼ʵӣ㻹ǻȥ޶ʮɣ
ѪЦ˵
ҶЦЦ׼뿪۽ǺȻƳһӰѪӪ߳
һͬѪµӣͬؿһźɫͷǳˣ˲
һǿߣʦϵΪ
ĸŵѪһ˳æЦݣվıֱȻٷ򳤴ˣ
˾ȻѪİٷ򳤣ȷʦǿߣһʦ
ȻҶ쾪ȵǣѪٷʶ
ţѪٷ򳤵ͷ뿪ȻƳԶҶ죬۾һš
ʮСӲŶôʮΪ
˻͸ҶΪΪʦǿߣٷһӾͷҶĿֲΪʱ𾪡
⵹ʮΪǿΪѪкܶ࣬Ҷͣһ֪Ųʮ꣬;ΪѪҲҲ
ٷзǳ𾪣˹ЦݵСֵܣʲô֣ʲô𣿡
һԵĸŵѪֱۣʲôʱٷ򳤴ô˵ˣȻôضԴһСƨѵСݲһ㡣
ʱĸŵѪؿҶ죬ǰǸǳҶѪ˿һĺڣֻҶ첻Ҫڰٷ򳤴ǰС档
ʵѪˣҶøһʶǰİٷ򳤴ˣЦ˵ˣҼ㣡
ŶٷԲ÷һЦΪѪİٷ򳤣ѪҲСģЩʶҲ֡
Ҷ֪˿϶ˣѵˣһǰҶҴ壬Ҽ㡣
ٷ򳤣һǰҶǸѪٷ򳤣죬ʵǳǿ
ţҶҴ塭ɫһ䣬һ˿ûڣһĨ˵ļ両ͷһǰֵҶҴȺ˲أֻһ˳
Ϊ飬챻˾ݺһ٣ҸְȻǰٷ򳤣ȴֻܴѪӪûлͳˡ
һ뵽飬ĵİû֮ɫԼ̰ģŪ³


51 ڲ
Ҷ첻֪룬ֻЦŴ죬кǾȣû뵽ټλٷ򳤡
Ҫ֪ûλѪٷ򳤴ǰҶҴ壬Ҳô
ԣҶлǷǳмġ
СֵܣҶҴˣϻָЩȵؿǰ꣬츳ˣΪѪļҵүû뵽ȴҶҴƧ⡭⼸ǲܵġ
ͬʱҲһ˿ڴҶҶҴˣô츳϶̬ܹھܽѪô϶д͡
ҪǣһҶ콫ǿˣҲһǿĿɽ
뵽˫ȵضҶ졣
Ҷ첻֪һô࣬ЦŵͷҶҴ壬˷ǰѪǣҲ׼μѪĿˡ
ͣԶһŵѪ̲סЦĵһСƨѣμѪˣǴԲѡ
ţͷѪһۡ
Ҷ쵹ûں˵Щ˲·˼׶ѣпޡ
͵ЦѪһۣʱףҲҿˡ
ŵѪҲһݣû뵽ٷ򳤴ôǰ꣬вɵԽ
ûмѪϻعͷЦݵؿҶ죬˵Сֵ;μѪˣһѪǵġ
˹ˡҶǫЦЦ
һԵĸŵѪĻһĳմһţٷ򳤴ǲԴŰˣȻ˵Ļ
ǿҶļͲˣôͨѪĿˣ˵ѪǣÿһεѪˣһܹһѪǵġ
ֻž츳ţѪʱһˣѪǡ
ȻĸŵѪҶ־۵š
񣬸쿴
ʱӻóֽͱʣҴдһλȻǩԼ֡漴ֽݸҶ죬ЦԵѪˣ㽫Ž˵ܣᰲġ
лˣҶɲɵӣȻܹ³ƼţȻܹͨѪĿˣƼţ϶ܶࡣ
ãһۿǵĿˣСֵܣȻȥú׼һ°ɣ񡣡˵꣬Ҷк뿪ˡ
Ҷ쿴һɭϵѪӪҲȥˡ
ĸŵѪ϶ȡ
СӲһŰɣ
ͨѪˣǵȷһš
ˣҲѪҪ֪μӿ˵˵УʮĶв١
ˣǾ֪ˡ

ɫ
ƼţҶûټѪǣǻصˡúáջ
ļ죬ҶûٳȥˣĻúõһΪҲʮڣ۷塣
һ㣬ܽʮˡ
峿Ҷ͵۾˫һâ´Ҵϴһ˷䡣
ԺҾһѪˡ
Ҷᶨ¥
ջ˷ǳ࣬ŵÿһɢǿϢҶһɨ˹ȥ߼ǿߡ
һСջôǿߣβμѪ˵ӦкܶࡣҶ찵뵽
ѪǸмٸӣÿϰٸӣټѪǱʮˣԵǿҲкܶ࣬ҶôμѪ˲ȡ
緹ҶһЩˮ׼ǰѪӪˣ˱һ
ֵǣˣΰӣҳΪѪһȥѪõľ¥һ٣һ͵׳վˬЦ
ããã
Ŵһ뿪ջ
˶иϰߣ˼뿪ͬʱȺһȥ
Ҷ²豭Ҳȥ
˿ջҶŷ֣ѾкܶǰѪĴӪˡ󲿷ֶһȺһ˵ķһ¡
ѪӪѪǶŷռǳӴѪӴһӪ
ΪѪӪϣƽûж˳ûģǽգ︽ļֵǳˮƥﲻɽ˺һ۶ߡ
˵Щ˶μӿ˵ģеŮ
ܶСû׬һʡ
ÿѪ˵ӣѪֵʢ
˶źöӣһһǼǣƼŵߵǼǣвѪڴӪǰ渺Ӵ͵Ǽǡ
Ҷ쿴һ£һ飬һβͣҲ֪ж೤һһЩҲв١
ƼŵĲֹһҶǸ̵Ķ飬вɵøм죬ûƼţ֪Ҫŵʲôʱ

ɣ

κ裡

ƼŵĶǳ̣ʱֵ֮ҶˣܼһҶƼţû⣬Ҷȥˡ
һʯ·Ƭ̣ǱһտĹ㳡мٸҶҴ㳡ôѾۼ˲ˡ
ҪѪ߼Ϊ˳һԣһ˶䷢顣
ҶŶӹȥ㳡վһӣؿڵ·Żͷвɵһ
Ѫǧ򳤣Ҷ찵𾪣ܹΪѪǧ򳤣Ӧʦǿˡ
ǧ򳤵Աߣڷһһ˶ߵİɫʯڣ֪Ǹʲôõġ
ҶΧ֮
ڣ˵ⶫֱӲԳߵĵȼǳ׼ȷ
ѪҲֻһڣѪӪǰֻ˵û뵽ġ
Ǻ棬ⶫʲôôԵġ
һȺ˵ҶԣҲĺ档
ʱǧٴδȵྲһȫڣֻҪ߼ϵĶͨˡ
ʱһźöӣͷĵһ˳ȥ
һŵ̵ӣʮˣҶɡҶǲ󣬻ɢǿϢһѷ
סȫڣλǧѵ
ԭѷĵУһǧ򳤣ʱɫصͷȻעӵĿУߵǰ
һһɫ죬ұ¶ݺݵһȭڡ
۾ڣҶҲһ
еĺûг֣ڱУûзһ˿Ȼһɫƣ֮۳ĸɫĴ֣߰˼
ԭ򵥣
ڣ

˿һĻɵþ
߰˼ͨˣȥǱߵǼǧ򳤿һڣޱ飬˵
ǵ˷ܣ˲þڵҴȥһԵǼȥˡ
˶ʱ¶Ľɫӽ쿪ʼоһѪˡ
Ľɫһڣڴ


52 
߼ͨ
߰˼ͨ
߾żͨ
߼ͨ

ڵ֮һλλӵƼŵǿ߿ʼܹӵƼţʵȻǸͨˡ
ֻĿǰΪֹЩԵ˵УǿҲ߾żûгһʮǿߡ
Ҷ찲ڶеȴһЩ֮ҲûʼôˣŶǰ滹вˣԱĿ
Ҳ֪˶ãΧȻһƬҶ쾪ѡ
߾żֺˡλǧ򳤿ǰһ꣬¶һ˿Цݡ
Ҷ΢΢ȣԵڣǵһολǧ򳤴ЦˣǸҲ߾żѡ
߾ż˻~~СӲŶ󣿡
ª˰ɣλҵӣʮ꣬Ѫжš
û뵽ҲμѪĿˣʮ߾żԻѪǣһˡ

Χǵľ̾ҶŪˣʮ߾żСһ꣬츳ȷˣѹλǧ򳤴˶ˡ
ӣѪƣ߾żʸʮ򳤵λãϲˡǼѪǳؽһѪɫƽӡ
ңѪǵĴ壬ǰλ츳ѪʱҲСĶԴҵ
Ȼ֮ɫӹѪɫƣߵЩѾͨ˵ԣվǵǰͷһмؿڼԵǡ
·Щ˲Сѡ
潾һȷнʵһЩ˼״ЩȻҲֻڰ
ݣԼӵ츳úܶ˼ɵ
Ĳԣƽ˺ܶ࣬Ͼź١
תһʱȥˡ
һǧ򳤴Į˵
עӵĿУһλǰȥǰ
ͦΣڷīüޣĿϬ絶档һһ֣ɢһɱ˵ƣ˲С
ţǧ򳤿˿ӣüͷ˶漴Цŵͷ
һĻúܶ˷֣ʱ˾ˡ
ԵڣҲΨһλǧ򳤴⣬ֳһλ
ʱ˶Żӣ뿴ʲôʵȻǧ򳤴⡣
ҶҲ⣬ٱĿ񣬳ڿȥ
۴˵ơӦʮҶ΢΢뵽
ڴʱ͵صͺһ˲ֱۣͬʯһȭͷݺ֮ϡ
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ĸַǳҫ۶Ŀ͸⣬õ˶ɴ۾
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ȥǼɣúȡ㲽ʦ硣ǧ򳤴˵˵ͷ
ʱнָһ໢жžηǿߣߵ𾴡
һֱǳ߰ӣڿ໢ʱҲһ˿֮ɫ
벽ʦû뵽ĸ֣ʹ峤һҶ΢΢ȣûж⣬ɱ죬Ҳǰ벽ʦ硣
ʱţֹһʱֵ֮Ҷˡ
һǧ򳤴һĮ
ҶעӵĿǰȥ
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ⲻΪҶܴŸѪǣа֮Ժ䶯ΪҶͣһ֪ʮꡣ
ЩԵߵУҲֻӺҶ
Ȼ˿Ҷ첻츳ϾǵţѪҲָ
ԣҶ߳ʱ೰
СƨëûгɣΪѪǿЦһ󺺹Ц
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治֪λ˽ƼŸģߺҲģСļҡͷꡣ

һĻȺ֮д㳡ˡ
ྲ
ǧ򳤴һõ˱죬˵Ŀ⣬ȻֻؿǰҶ졣
ЩѾͨ˵ǣҲؿ˹
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԰ɣǧ򳤴ƺЩȲشߴٵ˫֮У˸һ˿
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Уװģأ˵
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ҶԵ÷ǳ򶨣΢΢˹ˣҶ죬ʮꡣ
˻
һ󵹳ڹ㳡
ʮ꣬ʮʮѪǵʷҲָţӻš
ԶһĭԭмĿʱ̣һ˿ϣԵüΪʡ
໢ĿһԭصĿ⣬øˡ
ãҶ죬ҼסˣҽԴԺʲô£ֱңǧ򳤴Цݡ
ԣʱɫһ䣬һЩĽһЩʡ
ǧ򳤴仰ҶԺѪ;һ˳ټǳ츳ΪѪǵǿߡ
лԴˣҶ첻ǰ׳գæлһɽȻˡ
ȥǼǰɡԴЦŵͷ
ǼǵѪæظҶǼ˶֪귢ˣѪǣΪ£Ķ
ҶԼԵ÷ǳߵЩѾͨ˵ߵУĿ


53 ǧ
ҶĵΧЩѾͨ˵ǣ¶ηɫϾһǿš
һĮ
ӵƼŵǼԣɹͨ˵ǣ˷ܵվҶߵĶûͨ˵ǣһͷɥ뿪ˡ
ݣ
ȵӵƼŵǿҪʱԶ㳡ſڴһƥСɱһλźɫ߾װŮ
˶ʱŮ¶֮ɫѪӪǰ׳գбĴ
ţ裬ôˣѪ˵ӣ㲻ҪҡԴü
ҶȥʱŮѾһСһߵǰл˵ԲôᵷңҲμӿ˵ģ˵ʮѾﵽʮˣߺߣ
˵֮УŮݺһȭ֮ϡ
ȵĻո£ϵĽɫһҲ漴۳ĸɫĴ֡ʮ
жʱһƬȻ
Ů̧ͷɨһۣȻСʮ꣬˭ʮﵽʮˣС㵹
˾ͲµͲһͣʱһƬˡ
˵ĿⶼˢһҶ죬û⣬ŮҲĿ⣬ʱȺеҶ졣
ҶɫȻ۾峺ûʲô仯
ˣ裬ȻҪѪͿǼɣԴ˵óͷŮ
֪ˣԲŮҶȥ·ǼѪԣߵӦ֪ҵ֣˵գһѪɫƾˡ
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Ůϣֻоһʢ˵Ľֱ˳軵ĴС㣬ǰ̫ˣʵ
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СӡŮɴ۾ҶıӰһҧгݣС⻹ǵһ˸Դ
ãһȥ緹һԵӴ˹һĵЦݣŮĿУ˻ȡ
˭ãСƨһСŮԺݺݵһۣתСһƵ뿪
Χ˶һ͵Цؿӣֻ
ɫǳѿɭĿɨΧһۣһתȥ

緹ѪӪԵģѪͳһṩķˡɴ˿ɼѪһͬʡǸҹӣ´ܵĴͬġ
Թ緹ҶǱס£һһ䡣
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Ҷ˵ͷ߽ǰ򵥵ľݡ
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ڶ峿ҶѣЩͨ˵ǣӪʳ͡
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˵ЩҪͨԣʤλٷ򳤣ʮλʮ򳤡
ûʦǿߣҲܳΪٷ򳤣
Ͳ֪ˣЩ˻Ѫֻ˵׼ѪѪԤֻͨһЩĥܳΪѪ

Ҷһ߳Էһʳ˵Ľ̸һѪǣѪ˽⣬ȻȲˡ
䡭
Ȼ΢΢
һѪ߽ʳտտȵˣǰ䳡һһźöӣҡ
ʱʳ꣬һ죬ԼѪźöӣ䳡Сܶȥ
䳡ԶҶǱ㷢ֳѾվӰķ룬ѹѹһƬ
мǧˣһӣһѪ£ֳѪŨɷʹضɱϢ
˶ʱһϣЩߣɫˡ
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ǧѪ֮Ҷ֪ѪǵǿˣѹΧЩӣֻܳѪ֮£ǿǰһֵܹ
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Сӣٷ򳤣Ҫ֪ҵŮȻڼǺҶӣߵҶǰСȭͷһɱ˵
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Ҳһı飬ÿ˶ǳأࡣֻ˵۵ףһ˿ȣҲΪǰǧеһԱ
ˬʵЦ䳡Ҷȥֻ䳡ſڴؿŻͷѪЦոǲԵǧ򳤡Դ
ǧ򳤣
֮˾˶ʱȵؿѪ
ҶҲǳ𾪣˾Ȼǧ򳤣ÿһɢǿϢо
ǵ̸˾Ѫǧ򳤣ͳ˧һǧѪһѪеĴ
СǣȹϲǼѪԤӪûԤӪԴҶˣ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ƕʱţû˵
ܺã򲻴ԴԵú⣬˵ͷ˵Ϊﵽ߼ܳΪѪǾʹˡǿǰǧѪǶǾɱѪĥվڴ֮ǰǺһԤӪһԱ
ԴָָԶǧѪԺ
ˣԣϻˣ׼԰ɣǿûȤЩ˷ʱ䡣ǧ֮УһɫֿĺӴȵ
ţɽǧ򳤣˵ǳϣҲᱻ¡һ˵˵
Ҷ쿴ȥλǧ֮УʶԴλո˵ţɽ֮⣬һ꣬һߣһŮӡ
˵ϢǳǿǸΪԸ߳һء


54 Ȧѡ
ãȻţô뿴˵ǱǱԸţɽԼĻԴҲ䳡
ʱѾߵ̨ϡ
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ৣৣৣ
ʱǧѪ뵥ϥأߺݼǧ򳤴ˣʮûй£ֻ΢΢Ϊǰٷ򳤡
Ѫľȷ涨ǰٷϵѪۼ˭Բ๪
ݴ½ΨҲǶǿߵء
λ񣡡ǧ򳤵УΨһһ̧鸡˵
ǧѪʱ
ǧ򳤵У˵ǿҶϸ۲죬˵ʱλǧ˺ܶ࣬Ŀ֮Уһ˿𾴡
˵λǧ򳤴˸ҶĸоǷǳǿĻôλ߸ĸоɲ⡣
λߣҶͷ·һɽȻǳƽһֿ־вС
߾绮ʮͬʦҲʮҶֻ֪дﵽʦ߼ܳΪѪǧ򳤡
ҶȴãߵʵȻѾԽʦ߼
ʦ߼츳ֻҪӵڹķȻܹڶ̶ʱڱﵽʦ߼Ҳᳬʮʱ䡣Ҷտտгȡ
ΪѪҶĿıǻڹķݴ½ڹķҪĲ֮أΨмĳܻڹķ
ѪҶĵһվ
Ҷ˼Ķʱڣٴ˵ˣ㸺Եģٷ򳤡ʮ򳤵ѡҲ֡
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ǶԴһĿȣţ·𼴽Ϊٷ򳤡ʮƵġ
мܹҶô
΢΢ҶͣһԴһ˿ͣ漴һ˵ҵǵз߾żϵģȫС

Ҷԣû˿ԥǰһģмʮˣվǰгһš
Դؿһˣص˵ͷܺãʮˣɱԣǿ˱ǰٷ򳤣ʣµǰʮʮ򳤡
˵գԴʣµǣǡԺúùۿǵıԣ¸ѡĶûѡ񣬱Ѫⰲš
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˻һԲȦ˶ˣţһٴУ˵һߣؿΧˡ
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Ҳһ˴˾裬ûȳ֣Ͼ˭ͷ
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ˣɫ࣬ϾǶ֪ŮʮΪôöԸġ
ӱŮڨڨһЦ΢΢˶ӡ
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СӣӱС㣬ʮҲɣŮ۾һ¸Ц
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ߣŮһŲԶҶ켫ٱжȥ;˫ƻӶһ͵磬Ѹ͵ϮҶ졣
ԺŮĿ͹ƣҶ̹ȻӭϣԱƶ֮й޹
˫úòңΧǶ׷ÿҲȥ
ЩҲս˴˵жԣһЩСģ˳ȥ
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ңֶţȻλǧ򳤴˹ע
ҶСӺܲ򵥰ǿһ׻ƽ׵ͼ似Ȼӵ˴Բ磬ν츳ǷԴ̾óҶ͡
ʮ꣬ʵȷǾţ֪Сӵ𣿡ǱԴΪߵ˵ͷ漴ʵ
壬Ѿ̽ˣǰһףֵԴæ˵
塱Զʱ¶Цݣͷ֪һƶСӣû뵽ǵƧĵطܳһšǺǣ
壬˵ЩС񣬴СûһЩҩҶСӣ¶ǿԼһ·޶ġʵν츳ҵǸСǿˡţɽҲ˵
Ҿǿһ㣬ûԴߵһѪĴĳɾͣԴо˸

λǧ򳤴˽̸֮䣬ԲȦڵԽԽ٣Լʱ֮󣬱ֻʣʮˡ
ҶͺŮȻʤ÷ǳҡ
óŮʹõƷǳӦһǿĻƽ似ֻûнԲ磬Էӳޡ
ҶʮڵΪټϴԲıƣӦ࣬úŮù¡
СӣͦģС㻹ûгȫŮٳٲҶ죬ЩżˣȻƷԽԽȴʼˡ
Ҷ֪ŮȻǶսٵеľ٣ù£ˣǲˡ
Ҷ첢ûкôϲȻֻʩչƣŮĹһһ⡣
ΪʵϾľ֣ش֮


55 ţƤ
һ˹Ȼã츳¶̫࣬˵ļʣ鷳Ǿ͸ӲҪˡ
ԣοˣҶ첢û׼ȫĿֲڳûһĶ֡
䣡䣡䣡
ŮƷԽԽòԶЩѪöҶȴ֪Ѿͷǻعⷵգһٶ˥ˡ
Ҷܹǫ́ϵǧ򳤣ȻҲó
ΨһһŮǧ΢΢ҡͷЦѾͷҪˡ
ѾͷԳԿͷҲãʡһ쵽Դ󡣡ԴЦ
ˣ죬ԺĳɾͱȻ塱Щ˵
ǧ򳤵УΨһһ˿ҲضսҶͺŮ
ԴƳһۣЦôѪƣǣǲǸоһ˿ѹ
λǧԶ˹ɵ¶Цݡ
˵꣬ǿɲ򵥣֣Ѫ𶯡
ѪƣѪУһˡ
ѪƵĸ׾ѪǵĳΪδĳӰˣѪƴСܵ˸ĹעνĿ
ȻѪҲûʧʮѾﵽʦ߼Ѫʦ߼ǿߣҲѪʷǧ򳤡
һһˣѪѪǵĳƺš
ô⻷ѪƵ֪
ѹҲɣԴĵЦѪ΢΢һ漴һЦ
УҶ죬ǺŮֻСӶѡȻ츳ˣ޷в
Ͼ֮·һ˳ģҲز۵ʱ
Цģǿߡ
ѾͷˣȻţɽЦ
λǧ򳤶ʱȥ
ԲȦ֮ڣҶͺŮڷֳʤھù֮󣬺ŮĹƽ֮ҶĹԽԽǿһƽɳȥ
衭ԲȦ֮죬ȵҼºŮ֡
裡Ҷ΢΢߶һ£ס֣ӴŮ־ٶݱȻԸղûгֻ֣ǽԷԲȦ

ԲȦ⣬Ҷ죬ֻ۾ȼ棬ҧгݣЩ𾪣ЩʣЩš
ˣһԼˣгʣôͬ޵֣ǵһսܡ
Ҷ죬Сסˡ΢΢ҧӣС죬ֻƯĴ۾֮У˼ᶨɫ
ҶûİܱԲȦ֮ڱֻʣˣٷ򳤵պˣҲͲҪٱˡ
Խҽٷ򳤡ʮ򳤵ƷҶǡ
СӣҹȻûп㣬úȡղʦ硣
ҶȡٷƵģߵǰƷؿڣ˵
лˡҶ΢΢
ʲôˣԺͽ壬ʲôģҡˬʵЦһƬϵЦ⡣
Ҷһ΢΢ͷЦ˵лл壡
ѪİĵطҶҲͺϤһЩԷ£ԼҲܾϾһ˽ð¡
ãȥѡ°ɡסЩ£Ҳ㽫ֵǣһҪѡãǧܴ⡣ЦЦ漴˵
Ҷ˼ص˵ͷ漴ƣЩٷһȥѡˡ
ʮλʮѡ£λٷֻҪÿѡʮλʮ򳤾ˡ
ˣߴߴسָͣҶһԾؿţܶ˶ѡʵǿʮ򳤣ЩСʮ򳤣ʽֻܼʣ²Ҫġ
ЩʮѡµʱҶٷҲڻʶ
໢λֵܡ໢Цλٷ֮УʢΪŰ벽ʦͷʵǿ
ˮλֵܣ˵һɫϸ׵꣬ŲӦѪĳҹӣʮʵ
ƷɡλԺǾֵˣһĴЦͬʮΪƱȰˮҪǿһЩ໢
ֵҶˣλʮţ˶ǳؿ˹
Ҷ죬Ժλָˡ
ҶԵȻһЦ
壿
໢ˮƷһ漴ɫ࣬ʵϣǺҶһȷƵǴˡ
СӡԺǽǴɣ໢Цһ£ҡҡͷˮͻƷҲæͷͣ˭Ҳ뱳һ塱š
ҶݸһЦͷСӾͼλˡ

˶ʱЦ
ˣһûнءЦ֮󣬻Ʒɿһٷ򳤣ҶҲȥֶԷȻһŮġ
ŮӳúƯԼʮңݴ½Ƕޢ껪ഺʱһӾ໢˵Ŀ⡣
ֻҶȽϵ΢΢ЦſŮٷ򳤡
СƷƷƼλ磬ҶܵܣƷƷƵŮٷһҲţЦȤһҶ죬úӡ
һҲʶˣԺͬЭȡճΪѪ໢Ц
ҶҲЦ·صǰһν벿ӣʶսѵʱ
ǻʶʱǱߵʮѾѡ˶ѣʮ飬Ҷǰվ
Ҷһ۾ͿǸĺŮѾͷվǰֻ۾һҧгݵӡ
Сܵܣ鷳ˣѾͷϣԺСĵ㡣һԵƷƷƵЦ
λƺϲȤҶ죬ŪҶ
ƽ֪ѾͷҶЩʵ
벻֪аѪͳ飬Ѫ˭ƷƷЩֻЦ
Ҷԣʱ˷ۣ˿ǰȻ裬һͷۡ
Ѫͳ죬ȻʶǿǽѪǳǿڣһţѪ𶯡
ãʮǿʼѡԼϲİٷ򳤣ֻҪٷͬ⣬˫ͬģǽΪѡ
У໢ʵǿѡʮҲ࣬һѡˡ
ҶȻֳʵؼ̫СˣͨѪ˵ĶһЩѷǿߣǿɲһСƨȻСƨǿ
ԣѡҶҲֻʮ򳤡
ңҶ쿴óѡʮ򳤣Ҳġϵı飬ԲΪŸġ¿СӵԵʣԺһ㣬Բѡġ
˵УһŮģ˵裬ѾͷȻѡҶ졣
Ҷ첻ЦѾͷţƤǣôҲ˦µãԺеķˡ
Сӣţһ죬һġҧгݣҶ죬ѡҶĿĺܼ򵥣ǾǿʱսҶ졣
Զ໢Ʒɡˮ˶һͬؿ
Ҷ췭˷ۣߣ֪ԼԺ鷳ˡ


56 ͨѨ
໢ˮƷѡö顣
ţƷƷҲѡ˶飬ŮƣкܶԸ棬һЩʮ򳤣л롣
Ҷ죬ûа취ʣµĲиʣȻˣҪС
ˣЩǣѾźˡ
ǧԴǰտտɨˡ˶һɫȻᶨ緢
ӽ쿪ʼǾѪһԱˣϣܹʽΪһѪ
ԴֱȭأᶨȵѪǣ
Ѫǣ
λǧͬĶͬĿںţͬᶨ
䳡ϣǧѪͬʱ㶯ķѪǣ
Ѫǣ
ҶҲѧǧǵĶ
Ѫľ񣬴һʥ塪Ѫǣ
Ҷ챳֣սȭͷؿڣԼǿ˫ᶨ
ǣҲһѪڣƳʢ

ӪϱߵһСطѪǵһСӪأȻľݣÿ˶Լľݡ
ʱɫѾеǶУûһ˳
ΪҶڲ鿴Լ˽
ֻҪܹѪֽһĸӵ˵Щ㲻ʲôǶҶƧˣȴǷǳˡ
˿̣Ҷһϣ鿴һѶ
ȡȥӪһƥѪ
ҶһƣȻ¡
ȻÿѪӵһƥѪΪȴҲֻѪӵС
ϧΪֻˣûʽΪѪǲûѪͳһΣԼǾдԵѪ
ҶЩںеĻڹķ
ţҶĿ顣

飬ƤҶЩϲȻǴǳأѾӵӡˢֻֽ̫ǰҶҴûз֡
Ҷϲɫؽ
Ѫս˻ģ
ʦ֪ʶȫ
һϵĴ֣ҶЦˣҲô󣬵ȴҪĶ
ʦ֪ʶȫҶ쿪ʼУһݣҪǽһʦʮС磬ԼͻƵʦҪעһЩ
˵ȫΪҶģĿǰҪıⱾ飬棬֪ͻʦˡ
߹ᴩʮʦͨʮѨ˵ϾȻôѨͨʮѨɽʦһҪıǴͨѨ
Ҷؿţн
ǰļ䣬ʮĹ켣ĻôʮѨһǽһһ貵ϵ
ÿͨһѨǿȱһЩҲ֮ӡȵѨͨǱʥ̤նСǳԽʦľ磬ѪǣΨгһˡ
ģҶ췢Ȿ鵱УʦеÿһС磬ϸĽܡ
ʦʮС֮УÿһСƿֱʦļʦ߼ʦʮ
Ѫǣ󲿷ʦǴʦļ£ܹﵽʦļϵĺ٣ʦ߼ϣǾ͸ǷëǵĴڣÿһѪǵĴ
ﵽʦʮĳǿߣѪǣһ֮
Ѫеİٷ򳤣󲿷ֶʦļ£ΪʦļϵǿߣҪôǰһЩǳأҪôһЩ壬ٻмѪġ
ѪеЩʦļϵǿߣԼģԷǳϡ١
ϡʦ֪ʶȫҶǱѪս˻ġҲ֪ڹķ
ǿҵļҶᷭ
Ѫս˻ģƽ׵ͼķʮ㣬Ӧʦʮ硣ֻǰ㣬ﵽʦɻýķ
ڹķһɲ˽Դˣɱ⣡

Ҷ΢΢ЩʧȻֻǰ㣬˵ֻʦҲԣڹķǷǳĶѪôҲΪ˷ֹؼй¶
ʵϣѪôˣ϶˽´Ѫս˻ġģֻǰݣȻЩʧڽܷΧڡ
ҶȲؿһݣһЩķھϾͱˡȻϥ˫Ŀϣָģĳ
ڣҶѪս˻ĵĿھʼתһ㿴ܣһſĹ㡣
Щһſǣһۿȥ·ǿ財
Ѩ𣡡Ҷһתھϲط֣תٶȼӿ
Ҫ֪Ҷӵɫ꣬ٶȾͷǳ죬ʱֱˡ
ҿ϶Ѫ֮УҲҲһ˱ٶȻˡ
ڹķƽ׵ͼЧǴ˵еķ¾һ˳ɫͨˣҲΪŵġ
Ҷ쾪֮̾࣬΢΢һݣһֱԼõ꣬츳ѾԽܶˣһš
ڿ뷨δ̫ЦˣȲ˵ݴ½ޱߣкܶӵи߼š
ټЩƷķӵ꣬ҲȲЩš
֮·ıʱ䣬Щˣ˼ˡ
ҶţʼѪս˻ġ׼ԴͨһѨ
ʵϣһЩӵڹķߣ̤ʮʱ򣬱ѾʼͨѨˡҶﵽʮڲſʼͨѨҲֻЩûڹķ߲Żˡ
ŻټѪս˻ĵĲҶͨһѨǳףʱɹˡ
֮ҶͨѨ
ÿͨһѨһЩҲҶӵɫֵܹ꣬ס
һϵҶʹͨѨٶȣһ֮ڣͻʦˡ
峿Ҷˬ߳ӣȥʳóԷ
һ·ϣҶ췢־Ӫŵƽʣǳ֣ɵ΢΢һ㶣漴ȻʧЦ
ˣ֪꣬ҶҴôˣҶ̾һ£죬ʮˡ
ǰ꣬ҶҴɹ磬ֻ쳤̾ˡ
Ҷϵܣߣ
ʳãƷɵĴɤű
Ҷ˹ȥ໢ƷɡˮƷƷ֡
ǵĵʳãٷ򳤣ȻһҶҡҡ֣˹ȥ¡
һһ͡
ҶϵܣôͨѨˣҶһƷɱȲʵҲؿ˹
Ƕ֪ҶţԶҶĹע
أҶûмŻشЦŷʵ
ҴͨѨƷԺ˵
Ҵͨʮ˸Ѩˮû˵꣬㱻Ʒɲشϣ˷۵ڹķ㣡
ˮԿЦ
˶Ц
ҶҲЦˣʶˣ֪ˮѪǰ׼ҵ׼ȻѪǲǶļ壬Ҳһļ壬ڹķ


57 ˷
ʳڣǶֵػ̸ཻţ֮дǵһεõڹķԶ˷ܡ
ֻдﵽʮܴͨѨ
ʱЩΪʮǿǣ㶼ʱԼһĳɹ
ҶλٷҲ⡣
ˮΪСڹķͨʮ˸Ѩų⡣ƷһϴͨѨѾǶˡ
ƷƷЩߺߵҲŴͨѨǾ͵ɣ
⻰Ȼ˵ƷɣŪһڨڨԱߵİˮ͵ЦʵϣҶǶóƷɶƷƷƺС뷨
ڻƷεʱ໢˵ˣЦ˵һã񣬴ͨѨ
⣬ó˷ܣ벽ʦľ磬ڹķͻʦָտɴ
磬̫ˣƷƷ۵һС
ƷɡˮҲ̾
Ƕû֣Ͼ໢Ű벽ʦʵĽҲ˵ùȥ
ȶԣ˸ӺҶĳɹһλǧ򳤴˶̾ţʮʮǿߡ
Ҷϵܣأ໢ǺЦſҶ졣
һԵƷƷҲŴ۾ضҶ죬ЦСܵܣ߽㣬ͨ˼Ѩ
ƷɺͰˮҲš
Ҷ״һЦ˵һҲͨѨ

ԣʱһһŴͣһֻѼˡ
ţһ󵹳
бҪô𣿡Ҷ췭˷ۣЩε˵
Ŀ飬໢ֻ֣Сӱ̬
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Ʒһܴӣʲô˱ˡ
СܵԺ󷢴ˣɱƽŶƷƷЦشȤŪҶ
໢˸пѣҶ츳ȷǿѹǧ򳤴˶̾
ˣ꣬ʲô𣿡ҶǵĸпЦʵ
ȻǽȥˣҪ֪ѪǵҹǷǳֵġ˻û˵ƷƷƱѾߴߴؽ˵ֵ飬˵ʱ
Ҷ˺ܿЩܲˡ
ʱ
һѪ߽ʳãȵ
ǧ򳤴ǰ䳡
껰ѪҴˡ
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ֵҪѺˡҶЦŷꡣ
ҲЦˣڿԴƷƷƵħצнˣֻƷƷһ˲ģҲΥǧ򳤴˵ߺߵض꣬Ҷһǰ䳡
ټ䳡ֻǧԴһڴˣǵ֮λٷ򳤵£ܿźö飬Դ
Դ֮⣬ֻ˵꣬ҪǷżٵģȴˡ
˶סһɫ࣬ԴĻ
ڸղţǽӵһϢдϻѪ̶ӣֱܵನɽ˵Ϯʧ˴ĻҲˡԴ˵
ɫʱһݡ
Ҫ˷ˣҶԣ뵽ŲµԴǵĿˡ
໢Ҳ˼Ƕ
Դ˿̵䣬ɱǻ˵ҪԣѪǵĵλƫԶܹô٣ǿЩٽġеѪ˵
ϣ
ԴγеѪ͵һϣһҵɱҫĵ⣬۶Ŀ
ʱܶĽؿǱѪ
ҪѪһȱٵĿʯǱǳʯʯѪûУֻ֮ĳ۳ǲֿʯûЩǴʯҲͲӵѪ
ԴԽԽ䣬̺ŵɱеǶܵˡ
ҶһȻ֮ɫѹԴôŭЩɽ˻ҲˣȻɱˣײǹˡ
óͳ춼ǳŭ׼ֱɳѪЩɽ˵ģǿȺ˻Ҫĥ˴αһûᣬֻҪǳɹ˷ˣܳΪѪԴ˵
۾һ˭ʽΪѪһ㵽ˣεȷһûᡣ
໢ƷɡˮЩٷ򳤣Ҳ
ɽڵĵͼٷ򳤶һţȻסеɽˣһҪŹȫɱ⣡
ԴɭȻȣɱ
ҶɫؽӹͼȻ󹧾һ񣬽תЩǣȣȥȡȻھӪǰϣ
ǣ׼Ӧ漴һɢ׷ȥӪȡˡ
µ˸ˣ
ҶǱ˱ȭҲȥӪȡˡ
ԴĿ뿪һ̾Щɽ˸ϮѪǵ̶ӣȻ򵥣ȺǴ⣬ҪԿܶˡ
Σ
ҪΪѪҪѪɱĥǧѪģûκ˿⡣
ϣһ˻Դ̾Ϣһתȥ

ѪӪǰһƬյϣҶ졢໢λٷźѪɫ࣬һɱ֮
ͬڵѪ



Ҷ졢໢˴һڣųȥ
һ·УΧֵϵȺ׷פϢͨѾ֪ҶǵĿˡ
۷׷ףϡ
سǵʿƺ͵õϢûнҶѸٳ˳ǡ
ڳĳƬյϣҶͣ
λֵܣСãεͬʹ˷ֱ𣬴ұأ໢ȭ˵֣֮ɫ
ɽǲֹһǷֱȻ޷ϣֻܸΪս
أƷҲȭ
ǶҪ⣬ҼﴫϢЩɽ˶򵥣ֵǶСĵ㣡ˮЩص˵а׼ҵ֧֣ȻϢͨ
Ҷ˶˵ͷʵϣǶǽԴ֮Ȼ⡣
أ
أ

˾ʹ˷ֱ𣬸ԴŰˣŵͼϵĿн
ҶεĿһɽ꣬ʵ꣬һжʣҪԼ̽顣
ѪǲԶһɽ֮УȻ˽ȥһСĵؽ䱸ܡ
СӣǵҪȥôˣһϤҶ첻ûͷ֪Ǹ˵衣
Ҷ˹ԸʮǶ顣
ȻƢŹ֣ǷǳؼɵģƲƲ죬㽫ľλʮ򳤽˹
ǿǰϿȣǵĿڡҶŵͼָǰ治ԶĴϿȣ˵
ʮǶΧ˹һŵͼٿǰĴϿȡ


58 ɽկ
Ȼ֪ǰɽǰ棬ֱӳɱȥһǣҶĻüһչӣȥñҶ켰ʱס
ʲôңͷŭҶ졣
Ҷ췭˷ۣƿ׳һ֪жɽ֪֮ǿʲôȼʲô֪ȥУԼҲǰ
һԵľλʮҲŵͷȻǶʵҲԼСЦ
豻Ҷ˵һһ㶵ģɵ߳ŭһһԣٶԣֻǱһСԵúߡ
Ҷ״ҲֵУǶһʮ˵ģţ˵ǰҲˣҲ֣ٶȺܿ죬أͽˡСĵ㣬ȥǰɽܹ̽ʵǾ͸ˡ
ҶΪŵʮķǳСһһƤģԵúƽҶȴСˣΪʮнǿߣ߰˼ʵ
ٺ٣СϴģԸһɡźߺЦֻһ˫۾һ˿м
Ҷע⵽飬û⣬Ҳ֪ԼСҪЩҪһʱС
ЩȻʵȲҶ죬һȺѷ֮ҪĸԸسһ17СƨȻǲܵġ
ڣİλٷҲֻҶѣǼɵҶʵԼѪϿǲŲҶء
ȻҶҲЩǷֻҪ¾С
뿪Ҷİλʮȥ׼ΪѪÿһ˶ŹҶлͷʱϣΪһ֧֧
Ҷ쿴˿ΧɽֻȻ䣬ǽͷܺãģصʱ֣ɽеˮ϶ᱻ
ʱһ֧ȥܹһƬ֡
˵ǺôҲˣÿ˼ȥǾǧ֧ǰϿȻղ񷡣
ҶļƲߣԻ𹥣ɽʿͽɽʵȻһ棬ɽ
ȻôǰǶԷʵڿƷΧڣԷǧֵȼǿߣôʮΪϼưɣ
ҶûôɵЩɽɱɱûҪԼСЦ
ιСӣʲôأһյӣҶʱԱͻȻһ
룬ҶҲ֪Ѿͷ΢΢תͷȥѾͷһߵصŭСӣǶΪʲôûУ㿴𣿡˵գҶһ˫Сȭͷ
Ҷ첻мһЦ㲻ҵĶ֣ȡ𣿡
㡭ԣʱȻŭ
׼ʱҶæ˵ˣȱˣҪٲֵʱ򣬴һ㾡նɱɽеǿߣ˷ʱ䡣
ߣҲпСʱ򣬷İɣбСȺɽСһԽͷһм
ѪʷϣûһɽܹѪģСѪټ츳ˣȻӿЩɽ
Ҷһ⽾ģ֪Ҫ£룬ûٴѣѾͷܵǳġ
ʱţԼһʱһСӰǰɽмһҶǰ
ǰȥʮš
Сϴ󣡡ЦеؿǰҶ죬һӣΧЩʮ򳤼ҶԸҲһһΧ˹
˵գ㶼̽ʲôҶֱʵڶԷԼСϴ󡱲û⡣
ҲҹֵҶ죬ϾǰߵʵɵԵ½Լ֪̽Ϣ
ǰɽǿԴѪǵ̶ӣȻû˿裬ΪǲҴƵġǲ֪Ҹղȥ̽ʱǾȻںȾףеɽˡǻһ𣬺ȾƳ⣬һЩصӶûУһЦ
ԣʱ˿漴һЦһȺɽѣսͱȲǣȻû˿裬սʤɡ
ҶȴǼʵ㿴жˣʵΣĵ⡣
ҹ۲˰ʱǴԼǧˣǴļΪ߼ʮˣ߰˼ˣ߾żǿߣؾǵˡЩɵ˵
Ȼɽǵʮ˫սȫǲɱģҪ֪ˣʵ͵Ҳ߼߰˼ĶʮˣҶ졢ʮġ
ȺɽΨһвı߾ż죬ֻҪҶ轫նɱʣµɽһ༸棬Ҫ
ɽǴ඼֮һܣ϶ǳҶӡ
֪ɽʮǣڣǳֻҶһ£ͳȥɱ˸¸£
ҶҲ¶һ˿ɣԷʵеĻҪͣʵϣֻҪԷûʦϵս塣
ʦս߾żɽ֮ɱ
룬Ҷ˻֣ʼʮλʮƶƻԭȵĻ𹥲ûзȻɽʵǿΪ˼Сĵá
ƻ֮ǿʼСǰУϿȸʱһֵ洫
վϿϷ͸ïܵݣҶڿȺɽǵѡ
޴Ͽ棬һɽЩɽǾס档ǵǴסɽ棬ܷޣܷ磬ů
ϿȵشһЩľʸ߼ܡݡľ̨ȵȽȻЩɽƽʱۻĵطǻһ㳡ʱɽۼһ߳⣬һ߳裬òңڡ
ֵǣѪǵĴ̶ӣ󵱼ҵҲͻƳΪʦɽկν˫ϲţҾĺȰ
Ҷңңһ߾żŹ㳡ϵɽǺʲôǾ˵ʲôûΪ̫Զˡ
Сϴ󣡡
ʱʮǶѾ׼ˣһĿ⿴Ҷ졣
Ҷ쿴Ƶصɽǣкһһӣż
ৣৣৣ
ҶһλѪվǶѾ׼õĻعϣ׼Ͽеɽͽȥ
ݡ
£һܼϿɽһЩݡ̨ȽһӾͱȼӶϣҽ緢һ׳ۡ

ĵˣ
ǵϮ
ɱ棬ɱǣ

ϿһƬңŭ಻һЩɽֱڻ֮£һЩΧĴɣǽӳɽҲ˵ƴ
ô˻ᣬҶԾڰдһɱɱЩɽ֪Ѫ
˵գεɱϿȺ˹ɽʱѪ׷ɣ˸ǲ֫塣
Ҷʵǿ֮ûһ֮Уɽûһܹס
ɱѪǶسȥϴҶôǿһѪڣʿǡ


59 ٶʦ
ʲôѪ
ȻѪǿ϶Ϊ̶ӵ鱨ˣ
Ƕˡ

ɽҶĴ𣬶ʱһˣΪѪܱһɽˣûһ֪ѪǿѪ
Ҷ˳ɽǵһ뵽ľܡ
Ц
Ѫǿ֪ЩɽǳѪǸеĽѪǣȻѪǿ
ЩɽǿҶչ񿳹вһһ·жǾȻûһ˿赲ʱŵþﻹٳȥ
ɱЩɽǷֵǶɱɱǺȾƣҹǲ飡ʮŴ
һЩɽˣ˵ûʲôвȥмһƾĸɽƺǿ
ЩųѪǣҲһʵǶ߼ǿߣﶼǸ֡ʱֱ֣һزɽǵؿ֮С
Ƭ̣ӭɽǱˣ޷赲˵Ѫ档
һɽǵʿԽԽͣһЩСˣѾʼ׼ˡ
ȻɽҲûǿߣ߾ż죬ǾһʼĻ֮Ͼ侲ʼ֯ɽеǿߣЯҶһȺɱ
ֵǱ£ûϴĲѪ𣿲ҪŻˣʵǲѪǱƭˡ߾żɽ죬һ̵ĺӣɤӣ
԰ûѪ£
ҲûѪ
ƭӣǲѪ
ڵ̺ӵĴ£һЩɽǶʱӦˣ԰ҶЩ˲ûдѪ£ѪûѪȫӡ
ʱɽǵʿһ㣬ȻҶ˵ʵ־ĻѪȻѪҲͲˡ
ɽǱϾǵѪˣеһЩǿ߶ǳ׺ݣԼǿˣҲ档
߾żĴ£ɽǺܿ£ʵӦҶ˵ĳ档
ţȺ֮УҶһ߿ɱΧɽһ߲鿴ǰĶΪȺѪ죬ҪɱУҪָµѪ
߾żɽһ֮󡪡
ܿ죬Ҷ͸оԾˣΧɽԽԽ࣬ϵı飬Ҳһʼľ֡£𽥱÷Ѫˡ
Ҳһ˲ţǰľ飬Ҷܿͷôһˣв¶һ˿Цݣ΢΢̾
漴ҶĿһԶһɫСӰ󺰵СѾͷҲҺһȥɱɽ죿
ڴչһɽΪʲô˵ǻˣΪѾͷȻԸȴûɱˣô˵ս֮ɱЩ֫塢ѪҺˡ
ϾǴСѪгĺӣټϱҶһǺʤԸʱˣһһҪ͵ϮɽСԴһʲôҵģˣСѾͷҲֻҴһѣ
ɽһһ˭ɱǣ˭ˣСѾͷҶЦһ£ȳ˳ȥ˸䣬Ѫܵͷ­ʱ׷ɳȥ
ߣȾͱȣСƨ轿һЦʩչزһɫӰɽȺӽ߾żɽ졣
ٶȷǳ죬Ҷ쾡ȳǱϸԽˡ
СѾͷĲǳƮ죬Ϊһ㣬գۼ㽫˦ԶԶģҶ쿴۾̾ǹٶ˱Ȳϰܸпǳһǿ似ЩĽиǿϵǺð
Ƭ֮䣬˴ɽȺڽӽɽ졣
ڵɱɽ춼Щɫңں濴ףȻҶ˵ܹģжʱš
ΪӮñԣ輴ɱˣ˿ҲòһֱǾУޱߵӰƺƵɳΧɽɳȥ
Ѫܵĵ·ô򿪣ֱɱѾ˵ɽ졣
ۿѾͷҪˣȴһϬĵ⼤֮ǰɽնɱӿѪһ
ʱˣСϻմɽѪ
СѾͷСѾͷǵˣ㶵ʱһӰɱһɽ죬ɲҶ졣
ԭһѪ·ĻᣬҶ춯˵⣬ջɱ
˿һ㶣ֱҶ콫һɽҲɱ˵ʱŷӦǰҫҶ죬Сһ⣬۴~~СӣҪɱ㣡˵ճҶ졣
ڴʱ
¡¡һ죬Զһɽ̮мһ޳Ӱһɿ񱩵ƣܿҶǸǰ
ʲôˣַկ𣿡
Яһɿŭ
˷ǳǿȫѪͬκһ㡣һֻۣ·ڲ̵ϣ˵⣬˿񱩵ɱ⡣
һӣƷǳǿңһ˫ƺƶ಻ʱеľˣҶ졢˱ڶ
䣡Ҷ۾һٵ񵲣ǿҲ֮Ƕǿ߿⡣
СѾͷҪһ㣬ӴƷ˳ȥԵǱѣֻʱϳ˾
ʦʦغ
ʦ
쫷һ㣬ʱЩɱѪǶʱ𾪵̧ͷһľؿߡ
ҡšǵͷ
ʦߣһĲ࣬ǾصĲ࣬һЩ⣬δ߾Խɱʦǿߡ
ɽоȻһλʦǿߣЩѪǶʱˣ֪ʦǿߵǾԲܹġ
ȣ
ѪнԥǷ˵ʱһӰͻȻ߸Ծͬһ㣬ЯһɿԵƣһǸʦɽ
ʱ˿̣һӰԶصѪǵУǿ͵һĻⱲӿ¶ǡ
ϴ󣡡ͻȻһѪг˲˼顣
ѪǣҲһ𾪵ؿǸ߸ԾӰǸֻʮ꣬һ̷·̫ɢҵĹâ
ϴ󣡡ʮҰһ촽ţûвԼϣʱѾһĨľη
еѪеɽڿǸʱ˾η
䣡
ŷһٶȣաҫ۵ĺ⣬ڳ˸оһɺϢ
ţǸʦɽǿɫ͵һ䣬ܵһǿƣг𾪺Ͳš
¡¡
Ҵ⣬æȡ󱳸Ĵ󿳵ͬһӭȥ


60 
𺳣
ޱȵ𺳣
ǰǸɽͷ켤һ꣬Ѫɽڵˣж𾪡
СӲŶ
ߣôܹսʦ
жһʡ
Σһ̣ǰǸܹʦɽòµ꣬Ϊҫ۵ġͬϵ̫ɢųҵĹâ
Сʵôǿկ˾ͷˡɽͷ쵶׵磬ϣкâ˸ļ¡
ΣһȺɽѣ˵ö֮
ҶЦеĳԽɱˡ

ɽͷŭһ󵶷ת֮䣬ʮâƿž춯빥Ҷ졣
߲ͬʦܹ볤Ӷ
ȻΪİ벽ʦҲܹﵽһͬҶһϾ˾磬ʦɣҺ󾢲㡣
ԶɽͷžԵţֻҪƴһʱ䣬ҶȻΪ󾢲㣬ɱ
ôǶԵģϧϵҶ죬һѾ˵ӵš
ʵϣڶɽͷУûеʶһ̣ȴԶ޷貵һ
ȣ
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һ̣Ҷеĳ·һ㣬ĻӶΧĿƺˡ
ɽͷͫһĳסо޷񱻿ռ伷ѹһ
ҶжʧƵģֻʣ貵һɱһ
ʲô
ɽͷ̲ס֪ȥˣɡеǴӲس忪ΧȻһӭҶ졣
ৣ
ҶĵһڱǺƴ⾳ʱչƲһ㣬˷ϯ
һ̣ΧõýɽѪǣȻоԼĵҲҪֶɵôʧɫ
ʵϣǲûиӦһض赲ǣ£ĵֶշȥ
׼ȷ˵ǳҶͷȥҶĳһǸɽͷ졣
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һƿյסˣЩɽѪǶһĻˣһɵһֱ㶵ؿԶЯٱҶ졣
ô£
찡ҿʲô
ˣһΣ

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Ψɴ۾һ˫г𺳡
ǡ⣬˻ôܣֻһߣô⣿ѵıһ򱶣СѾͷд˿̷ǳңһοԼ츳Ҫߵˣߵӡ
ΪѪͳŮȻ֪һЩ֪飬⵶Ҫһ
ԶԼʮһ꣬׸˵ļ仰
ոսߵһ꣬ǳʮܳΪߣѪǵʷϣҲһš
׵Ļȴһˮ
С裬ǽ߶ѣҪ֪ݴ½ޱߣӿֳŶ಻ʤʮߣֵýΪŶǣ㻹šʱΪѪͳĸףش
׵ǳˣŸ׾ôţ
ܹʦ⡢⡢ǹ־šĸ׿գг֮ɫ
־ʲô𣿡һ־ʣʺš
ȴԣҡҡͷ̾Ǹ˵⣬ôССѪҲסˣԽܳǲܣ
赱ʱ֮󣬱㷢һҪһ־ϧ־ô׿ġ
Ѫǵʷϣδһ־š
ڡ
迴ǰԶǸɱ꣬ϱ鲻ϣǼʡǾȡǲʣһ˸ӵؿһˡ
⡭һ߰ţЩãʦţô߾أǱŻҪŵĴ
СѾͷЩʲôأϿҿûʲôЩɽո̶ӣ϶౦ǧ򳤴˿˵ˣν˷˵õսƷУ
ãʱҶСԴŲԶɽȥ
СѾͷ˲䱻ѣ˿ԶĶɽͷ죬һѾٱĲˡ
Щͨɽǣڿﵽʦͷ춼ˣȻһŵøεѣæ˷Ӷȥ
ܿ죬ϿбֻʣѪǣսǳ˳ȻЩֵۣҵǣ˼ѪܵһЩ⣬ûһȥ
ҶĴ£ЩѪǿʼսƷ
ǶɽͷɽҶ쵱ʱ㿴ģһѰ
úܶԣȷűʮ䣬ҶһһƬĿĽ⼤
Ȼ˲Ǯˣ˿ӲӵĴԪҶҡҡͷ󽫸Ǹϡ
ţּӴ򿪣һ涼ǽ鱦ֻһװҩġ
Ҷ콫Щװ鱦ƲһԣΨſװҩĵԱϸѰһ־˵ЩΪҩĲҪġ
ȻûһҶ淢һЩ˲Ρ֥ĵرȻһɫɢȵϢ·һȼյĻ档
ȻǻҶ۾һɫ˷ܡ
ݴ½ޱߣָĵرʺʦĵر֮УԿŽǰʮһЩʦżĳǿ߶Ҫ
ҶôҲû뵽һɽȻıѵǴѪǵĳ̶ᵽģ
Ҳֻֽˡ
Ҷ룬ᣬʱУֻʣʦżǿ߳ȥΪôǳȥӶΪ
ѵҪһͻƺüλ
Ҷʱˣ޲»ڵʺú뿪ɽ
ãҶѪʮӰ˳ȥ
ʮ򳤿Ķȫ˷ܣһѡ
찡ϴô鱦ЩҩģҸ˵ǧ򳤴˿ˣҲۺ죡ʮ֮ɫûз֣ڳƺҶʱѾáСϴˡ
ңʮǣڿҶУһ˿η
ȻҶǿʵסǡ
ǿǸʦɽͷ춼Ҷɱ˺ЩѪǿҶ㶼һˣľηһɡ


61 ʦ
ݣ
ѪǲԶĴϣһʿƺƵһĿȫ³ɱһЩ˵·ȾѪɫԶȥǾɷļ²ѡ
ҶһˣսƷǱ㼴ɷѪǡ
ν˷˵ĥ֮ҶȺżѪõĲѾʼɱ䡣
ϵɷҲŨһ죬ǻЩѪһɱ졣
ա
ҶǾѪǵĳŲԶʱһЩ׼ǵҲǣʱȫɡ
Щǣһ¶ɻ֮ɫ
صɷûдѪķΣһΪѪءһϱ߸п
ˣǵȷѪֻǸոռѪûʽΪѪһŵʿЦ
һʿȵϿÿȽȥ
ʿĴ𣬳ŴȺ׷ȥÿһͨҶǺХ
ţû뵽ϴһĽЩѪǲŶӣû뵽ôֵҶˡڸߴĺѪϣԵȺҶ΢΢Щп
Ⱥ֮УʱĽĿ⣬ҶµѪǷǳܣһ̧ͷͦأȻ
үү˭ôһ׷˻еĹͷСʵ
ѪѪǿһȺսʿǿߣ׷ŹͷСԴЦ˵
ǿ󡭡үүҳˣҲҪΪѪͷС۾һ漴ֻ۵ֱۡ
ҪŬŶ׷ԣ֮ɫ
ԱߵһЩˣЦǺǵؿһĻ
ҶǻʱһѪȥ䳡
Ϥ䳡˿ֻһվıӰӦǧԴ
ȻҶǵʱԴתЦݵؿҶǡ
ǧ򳤴ˣҶһ¾ȭ
Դһ漴ЦŰڰ֣ɵ㣬εı֣Һ⡣ڣٷ򳤼𣬽һǧ׵㣬ʮ򳤼һٹ׵㣬ÿ˽ʮ׵㡣
Ҷԣһ˫ð⣬˷ܡ
׵֪Ѫеãһ׵൱һӣһǧ׵ʮ
Ҷĳ̲ס˷ˣôӣûпӦܹĵر似ˡ
лʱȱõĵرǿӻȡһЩǿ似Ҷ찵뵽
֪Ѫڣһ̵Ĵڣ֮ΪѪı⣬似ĵرһЩǿҪù׵һӸ򲻵
ǼѪǵ־Ŭȡ׵㡣
ܶҪѪʵǱģϾкܶණǮõġ
Щ似ģϡƷ
Ҷ죬λٷУǵһһǺĲԴҶ죬֮ɫ
˶ĽؿҶ죬ɣܹõһλǧ򳤵ͣҶԺǰ;ض
ֵϵĺãҶǫ
ʱЩԭĽҶѪǣһ˸мҶĿ֮Уһ˿η⣬һ˿𾴡
ȻҶѾշˡ
ΨСѾͷһֱãֱɢȥ󣬲һ˻Ƶ뿪֪ȥˡ
ҶûڼŻȥһЩ⣬ѪһһΡԣ֮һµʱϢ
ʱ
䳡ϻҶɢ˶飬Լһ׼ɻ
ͨɫΣΧɢһɺɫȼյĻ棬˱ǡ
һζҶҪɵвɵóڴ
ϣ㲻ҪʧܹͻƵʦ磡
Ҷ컳ڴԥһڽȭͷСĻȥ
˾ȵǣôĻº󣬾ȻϾͻһȵĺ˳Ҷĵʮ
ʱҶ͸оԼڣ˻ҺˮǳŨ
ûзŹûᣬҶϽȫѪս˻ĹڵһŻҰѨȥ
䣡
һԺը죬ҶϾͿԼѨͻȻҵĹâһ̫âɡ
ͱͨˣ
Ҷ΢΢㵣г˼˷ܣҩЧеĻҪã̶ʱھܴͨһѨĵǺԲơ
ЧҶ첻˷ʱ䣬ͨڰ˿Ѩ
䣡䣡䡭
ʱţԽԽѨҶͨһδͨѨٶȻҪö࣬Ȼڻҩ
һſѨͨҶҲ˾޴ı仯ʮӿˣֹǡѪȵȣ͸ʵĹԣǳʥ

ԣȵҽҶڱȫ¶ðڵ
ҶͨʮѨʱԸоԼʵǿ౶ôʱ㲻õ⣬ܻǸʦĶɽͷˡ
˿̣Ѿڲ֪ˣҶ첢ûչڼѨ
ʱڣȻ˻ҩһϵģҲԭɶѡ
ڣҶоʱ䣬һУֻʣ´ͨѨ
˽ӽʱ֣ҶȻһǿƣµľ졣
ڣǷ˷츲صĴ仯
ʮҫѨԱųҵĹâ̫һ貶Ŀһֹ켣ӣһСѭ
ѭ֮ڣҶоԼƺ಻һ㣬ȫ¶ǿĸо
ʦһ
Ҷг˼żͨѨ̲סףˡ
ʦڳΪʦˣ
סĸס塢塢峤ϡ֪ҳΪʦˣҶ첻ЩҶҴǡ
ҶҴ֪Ϊʦˣһǳ˷ܵġ
ߣʦһĲ࣬صľ롣
ѪǣֻгΪʦ̤ĵãһǿߡ
Ҷ죬ߵһˡ
Ҷʱǳ˷ܣΪʦʵõ׵ͼ似ǳ֣֮Ҫʦ˿ѾﵽҪˣǿ似ˡ
似ͼ׵ͼҲǷǳµġ
Ҷ֪ѪУ߼似ҲмһֻгһӵСˣѪĴͳ죬Ҳֻӵ׵ͼ似ѡ
ɴ˿ɼ似Ƿǳģ϶ҶѾڴˡҪͨѨΪڵĻࡣ


62 
һɫƵУãǰţǰԶһ԰ϲõط
Ѫͳĸۡǰ԰ϢĺõطһпУﾲ
Ϊ飬Ըǳ˽⣬ųһ㿴һϤӰڻ԰޼䡣
ã֮лָͷһ
ǰһŴֲµӣ޼еĻҶ
ʵţһũװӣȻִǧѪǿڡ
ѪǣȨƽڳĳǿߡ
ǿߣʱȴһֻǱ޼ĺƯĻ䡣
㻹޻ƺûɵٴγ
зӦˣеļгؿ裬Ц˵ϲҶҴӦһҪúչ˺ǡ
ߵһԵͤ£Щ޼ķҶʱ¶Цݡ
һЩĺСʱȥˡĸоģֻ֪ϲϲҲݲ±ˣŮ
裬ȥˣʲô£оܾɥͻȻ裬ʵ
ҽǵİٷȥִˣεĽ˷񣬸ողŻã
ߵı󣬸˼
Ŷ˷񣬲һ£а֪һ;쳵ǲнģֻжϵĥԼܵĸ¥˵ͷ
ǵģҲġܵǰȴǷǳɣֱˣҶ췢֣϶ΪԼˡ
׾ͺãúʣԽΪҲǲܣ˵
ҵʡԣԺͻȻһӰ϶ʱһĨЦ֮ɫһʮߣûпܻһһʦ
Ȼʵ
ԣ۾һУЦȻпܣһЩǿߣԽսⲢϡ棬ܽҴƷԲ磬ҲܻһЩոսһʦ
úŬΪ㣬һõģŹ
˷ʱһոսһʦɽͱǵİٷ򳤻ˡ˵
յѪʲȻһʦСӡߵǰٷ򳤽ʲô֣пעһ¡Ц
ֻһʮߣҲʮ꣡
ߵǰԼĵ˵
ţԣ۾ʱһǰŮȵ˵ʮߣʮ꣬˭ôţңʱսôģ
ʱ֮ɫ
ģҶ졭Ļ𽥶𾪣Ҷ˵ʱվ
⣡
裬ǿ壬֮ɫ߾˵⣬ʮꡭû뵽ѪǾȻţ׹Ҳһľţ
ǰ𾪵ӣԺУǸӰԽԽˡ

һݣҶһֱ棬ҩ
Խ棬ѨḺ́ԽѣٶҲԽԽˡ
һݹȥˣҶڵĻҩϣʱһѾͨʮһѨ
ʵ֣Ѿʦһ۷徳磬ֻҪٴͨѨܽʦˡ
ٶȣҶӵɫ꣬ҲǲģⶼǶ˻İô졣

峿һ͸ķ϶Ҷ컺۾һ´Ժ
ʱҶ쾫񱶶ˬ
ڵʵжǿҶ찵뵽۾һУгգһɳĵâˣɱϢ
䣡
ƽһը죬Ҷһֶֻǹȴǿÿ¡ǽɳĵâ˼ףʯǽпһ޴ѷ졣
˻~ǿһ¾ɱǸɽͷˡҶɴ۾Щ𾪣漴֮ɫ
ܹظоԼ˿̵ǿ󣬼ֱ

ͻȻһ˿г
ҶӣεЦЦһûгԷˣȻ壬ҲˣȥʳóԷ
˵գҶ𳤵Ѫʳá
ʳѾ˲ˣǺҶͬڵѪֲ˶ƣܶ˵ǳ䡣
Ҷĵܿ˵ע⣬Ͼǰٷ򳤣ġǺܴġ
Ҷ죬ߣ
ո̤ʳãһϤ㴫УҶ̧ͷȥ
Զһϣ໢ˮƷɡƷƷ˾ۼһ𣬻ƷɸǶŸսҶֺ
ν˷ҶˣҶ΢Ц˹ȥҽһЩʳ
һݹȥˣ໢ܹ񲢲֣Ҷ֪ǵʵǺġ
Ҷ죬ôڲſ㣿
˵Сӵһģô£ʱ䶼ȥˣ
ˣСӣǲ˽

ո£Ҷ໢һֻŪͷ
ͣͣͣǶ˵Ҷæֹ֣˼ʡЦһ£λ㣬С⼸һֱûпҲġ
̬񣡡ˮ˷ۡ
ҶϵڷܰƷ̾
ιιι㰡ǺţƷƷЩؿ̻ʵҶ죬˵ܵܵ׼ûԷˣͶ̥Ƶġ
໢̻ʵҶ죬һֱû˵ֻЩˣԼԼ͸һ˿
ýܿ죬ˮƷƷơƷҲ໢ı鲻Ծ
磬ôˣΪʲôһֱҶܵܿﲻԾ𣿡ƷƷ֮ɫ
һԵĻƷɺͰˮҲɻؿ໢
ϴ㲻ǲ˰ɣˮûûε˵
Ųˣ໢һۣ漴ٶȿ̻ʵҶ죬̾˱˰ǧɽ˷ֵܶ˲١Ҷϵȴɵ񣬶һʦ磬ϸ﹧ϲˡ
ϳĽ;̾
ʲôҶʦˣ
һԵİˮƷɡƷƷԣʱɵˡ
ˣȳ˵Ҷǫ£ٶ̻ʵǶˡ
໢Ŀɿڴؿ֪˵Щʲô
ƷƷҶĶ䣬Сܵܣ߽㣬ôôͽʦˣ
Ҳ֪˼죬ҾͻˡҶȻ̻ʣӦ˼䡣
Ա໢ԣɵѪ˱˰һͬѪս˻ĹģǴʱشͨѨҶȴѾʦˡ
˵Ĳ࣬ôôأ
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63 
ʳҶһӦ໢˵ʣһ̻ʵسʳ
Ҷ죡
ȻһϤʳſڴ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻСѾͷվʳſڣ֡
ףѾͷʲôҶ첻ɵɻ
һԵ໢ˣһԵؿЦŴȤ
ϣǵҶϵѾˡˮһƤЦӣǷᡣ
츳ôߣ椶ѵûƷҲ̾˿Ȥ
ҶܵܣϲءƷƷһġģ˵
Ҷһٿ໢Ȼλϸû˵ȴ˴Ĵָ
ƺҲϴˣҶһ̾꣬ʳſڡ
ϾԼ£ҶԷǸСŮҶҲò
ʲô𣿡Ҷ쵭ʵǰСѾͷûжٺøС
ҲܵҶǾǧ̬֮ȣвɵһŭߵû˭㣿콫ڱСսƷô鱦ѵ𣿡
ŶԭΪɣҶһ㶣漴ЦЦǰ·
ΪͱչˣЩ˷õսƷûзַһֱʮǱҶ
Ҷ챾극ͷַսƷµֵǣֻû뵽ѾͷԼˣһС̰ƵĺӣҶﲻ̭š
費֪Ҷ룬Ҷĺ棬ǵԼıӰɵȻ
Сӣ˵ôᣡ
ߣȻֺСӣ˵ʲôҼ޸ƾʲô˵ΣСŲҪأߺߣ

ҧгݵֹţвɵЩڸҶˣû뵽ԼĸףȻ˿Ҷ죬׼
һҲҷֻƲֵҶ졣
û뵽Ҷô䵭ܲˣֱҪˡ
ֽ֪֪᲻ӽҶ졣

ʳһǰһ뿪Ҷ졢ˣЩѪǾԵ
٣Ҷ˺ǵСһ𣬻׽أΪҶ֪Ѫͳǧ԰˶ƺΪСֻСЩˣ˲ҽӽ
ʮܳΪٷ򳤵ţҶ椶ô
ŮҲ䣬˴ͳҶ˵츳ǰ;

ЩѪɵţΪСǲûжټʣϾԼĲˣʸ񰡣
ӴˣʲôС
ⲻһ˾ͼˡ
Ҷ졪ʳһ䣬ɭضҶıӰֻ˸żʵĻ档
ѪǵĶ壬ӱţͿ衣ΪѪǵͬ棬⣬ûеڶ˿Լˡ
ң˫ŵԣҵĳǸ֧뷨
ԣڶδˡ
ϧ̫ˣ۹ܸߡӵ츳ȻȴȲ裬Ȼ
Ѵı²Ϊ˱˹飬¼ӣμѪĿˣΪıǽˮ¥̨ȵ¡
Ȼ·ɱҶҧ
жðˣɵҶʵֻܰޡ
Ҷ죬ҵţһȽʦʱ˵㣬϶תģ뵽
ֻȴ֪ҶѾʦˣע׷ǰߵĽŲ

Ҷ
ģȥɣ΢һսƷĿҶȡеһ֣һСװݸ衣
ջܷ񣬴ɽɻĽ鱦ҩļֵʮչ涨ٷ򳤵һ룬ʮ򳤵ùеɣʣµͨѪƽ֡
ҶùԼսƷ£ص˵ͷҲСһ
ˣϴԴһǧ׵㣬ȥ⻻ȡʲôʵ
⣿Ŷ~һûȥأôʲôҶһ㶣漴ҡҡͷ²ʱȥ⻻ȡ
СѾͷĻﵹʦϴν˷˽һǧ׵㣬ǸȥѪı⻻ȡһЩԼʵˡ
ߣʲҺ棬ܵ𣿡Ŵ۾
ˣ˶ˡҶţֱ뿪
ιСȥں溰ԼҲΪʲôҪ˵仰
ĸһһǧ׵㣬ھȥ⻻ȡҶͷҲص˵
Ǳָָ߰Ҷ෴ķһֵؿ
ҶͣסŲΣˣԼûȥ⣬֪ء
ҿǸʶȥ·Ҷľ̬ʱֺǺǵЦ
ҶڨڨһЦǰЦСŮɵ㶡òϣСѾͷȥǵԸ񣬾һŮ
ʲôСãΪѵشȥɣ豻Ҷ쿴Сһ죬ɵõһۣת򱦿ڵķ
ҶԼıӣҡҡͷĺ档
һ·ϣҲʼ˴˽̸
ιСӣ׼ȡʲôߣãȻһǧ׵㣬϶ܹȡһǿ似ˡ
СѾͷҼţҲιҽҶ죬ҲԳƺΪҶˣ߰ٷ򳤴˶СҪȡʲôʱûãȿ涼ʲô˵
ߣҲҼţҲСѾͷҽ裬ԡֻܽҵ֡һӵķϣСҪ㣬ѡһǿ似Ͼ似ߵĸҵҵġ
ллѣд㣡
ߣı㣡

Ѫı⣬ѪĴӪ棬Ĵǧ򳤴˾סڱΧǳȫΪֹûжһ
ռΪһߣǺ׳ۣͨƽ
ҶںһϤӰӭ
ףֶôˣ죬Ҷû뵽ڴɵЩɻ󣬺ʵ壬Ҳһ𣿡
һԵҡͷĹԱ㻹ʶ֪ʲôġ
С˵ĲֶҾĹԱոձǧ򳤴εģԻûüֶ֪ͨǺЦҶĿУһ˿мҪ֪ܹΣȫΪҶŵĹ͡
Ҷ۾һΪˣҪ֪һˮܴĵطһЩһѪһҪТ죿


64 ϵ
ֶ˵ǰӴչһɽǧ򳤴˽һǧ׵㣬ô뻻ʲôο¡
ǳ˵
֪Ҷ츳ͬСɣڷɵһ죬ʱ޿̲ùϵ
ЦˣʲôҶǫ
УαļһһƲƲ졣
ţһһǰ涼ڷָؼԵúעĿ
ֶⱦ㣬һ似͵ǻƽ׵ͼ似ߵǻƽ׶似Ҷš
ҶɨһۣԼϰٱ似ɵðէ࣬ѪҶҴİȫֵһᡣ
壬Щ似Ķһ۸ʲôҶʵ
û˵һԵȿˣƽ׵ͼ似10׵㣬ƽм似100׵㣬ƽ׸߼似1000׵㣬ǵңҲֻܻһƽ׸߼似
Ҷû˵ǿ졣
˵ͷС˵Ĳļ۸ҿϾҪʦˣһһƽ׸߼似һ£㹻㷢ӳǿսˡ֪ҶСط϶ûʲôǿ似ѵ
ϧ֪ϣЩġ
ɣҶһˡ
ٺ٣壬Ѿʦˡңǳ֮׵ͼ似似ҪǿĶ࣬һҾûҪѹ׵˷似ˡҶ찵뵽
׼ѡһŵģ뻹ˣϾֻҪѪһ죬лġ˴Σ绻һЩڻĵرΪ
ֻҪΪˣټ似ǳֺ֮Լĵ⣬ȫԺͬףԽս
ףҶ컹ϣԼʵǿһЩ
Ҷ죬Ҿһ˵ĲѡһŻƽ׸߼似ǸƷ̫ˡѡһǿĵ϶ʵġһԴ֪Ҷӵе⣬һϵôޱǿ
˵־ǿ似˵ƽ׸߼ĵڸӵ֮󣬺пܴﵽƽ׶ǿԴﵽ׼𣬻ߡ
־ǿ֮
ǳĽҶĿУЩˡ
ҶƬ̣һԵ壬ʱ似ȥתתɡ
ðɣֶЩ⣬Ҷ϶¥
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¥ڷенǹйָĿʤҶۻҡ
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ҶԵ˵ͷЦģûôɵ뿴ûпΪı
ŶԭС㣬ȲʦΪʽѪˡЦ˵飬ϲǿΪıϾΪһߵĸ
˵ɣܹΪıв٣һһܡ
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Ҷ죬ʮҪͻʦҪͨѨҽóϵֵҩÿһţͨһѨҼ۸ҲÿֻҪʮ׵㡣ֻҪʮ׵㣬ʦˡһԵļϣȡһƿĵҩ˵
Ȼֵҩ
Ҷȣɵһʵ壬Ȼгϵǲǻмϵ͸߼ϵ
Ǻǣ㵹ǴһЦͷϵֻʺʮʦʹãһﵽʦôϵͲˣΨи߼мϵܴͨѨ
壬˵ϸ㣬мϵ𣿡ҶԷǳѾһֵҩˣʲôΪأ
⺢ӣûнʦмϵǶȷУҪҲûðҡҡͷǽ͵мϵʦһʦ߼ϵʦļʦϵʦ߼ʦżǱֻи߼ϵڶϵѪҲҲһţЩǳػּĵҩ
ŶԭˣҶ˽⣬죬¶һݣЦ壬Ҿˣһǧ׵㣬ȫҶһмϵ
ŶʲôԶʱˡ
һ̣һʦƴҶϱгǲˡ
ʱɴ۾ŵؿǰҶ죬𾪵Сʲôʱʦˣôô죿
ҶΪѡмϵˣ
ٺ٣ϲŸոͻƵģѪս˻ڹķҶЦ
ʱż찡ҲõѪս˻ĵڹķôûͻƣţ˱˰
壬мϵʲô۸񰡣ҶһųϵҪʮ׵㣬ôмϵ϶ˡ
Ȼ˵мϵǳһžҪʮ׵㣬һǧ׵㣬Ҳֻܶһ20šԣͱ뿿ֱӽʦˡ
鷳ȫһмϵɣҶͷĵȴЦѾͨʮһѨֻžܽʦˣֻҪųϵˡ
ϣţȥ棬ϵмϵкܶѪһҲ֪湻
˵ţȥԶһЩ﷭ˡ
Ҷţ˳ʵ壬Ϊʲôϵмϵô֣ѵ߼ϵûҪ𣿡
㻹˵мϵҪʮ׵һţ߼ϵҪһǧ׵ܶһһţѪУǧ򳤴⣬˭ܶһ𰡣һѰţһЦ
˻~~һǧ׵һţҶԲէ࣬ԺҪ׬ȡһЩ׵ˡ
ʱҶѾ˹׵ĺôˣѹôŲμѪĿˡ
һ20мϵպãһһƿҩ
Ҷӹƿӣɵɻ22ţ壬˰ɣƿһ22мϵ
ˣôܣ浱ۻ軨˰԰ڰ֣ת¥ȥһֹţⱦھȻмϵţЩèˡ
л壡
Ҷ۾һʱ˼ɵм


65 ͳټ
ڼ䣬ովһѪսĲǣʰ飬żڣȥˡ
ЩʽѪҲѵ٣󲿷ֶؼžˡ
ѪĴӪʱԵÿյģֻٲѪ
Ҷ֮һ
мϵһССĵҩ͵ֵҼˡٶȣµ֮ǰͻƵʦˡ
УҶϥ˵ľм
ӱ㿪ʼмϵȥ֮ͨѨֱӴͨʮһѨֱӽʦ
ʦһﵽʦҶڵԪǿֹǺƵСһڲϡ
ڶѪս˻ˣҶٶȴƿӣȡһмϵá
ʱʣ19мϵ
ųϵڣһȵĺӵ֮ȻҶ͸оڵԪࡣ
ʮѨ
Ҷ΢΢һ£ѡһٽѨԪгȥ
ãѨͱͨˡ
֮Ҷóϵȵȫ֮ڱͨѨѾӵ˰ʮˡ
һҶ컹ͨʮѨܽˡ
ɫ츳¸³ҾͻƵˡҶ۾˷֮ɫ
ĸӷḻʣȻΪĵҩУ츳ټϵҩϣҪʮǰ߼ΪѪһǧ򳤡
ԺҪȡѪ׬ȡ׵㣡
Ҷ찵뵽

ӣҶǳУ¸ոɽ˷ڼ֮УԾʹ˶Ҫ
ڼ䣬ٴι̽ǿҶһֱ㶪һ䡰񡱾ȥˡ
ºŴڼڵĽѪǶ½ˣӪҲ𽥿ʼˡ

︴գתۼ䣬ҶѪѪѾһʱˡ
һ죬Ҷ컺߳ӣԺһ鱼ƺ󣬸оȫ˵
ʦû뵽µףҾͻˡɫ츳治ǸǵģҶ찵˷ܡ
üͷܴͨһѨµףֱӽʦ
ȻҶΪܹô죬ɫ츳⣬ֲиĿޡ
˳Ժ⣬ʱ䶼֮ϣΪĲǲأ
ա
Ȼһ
ҶüԺ⣬Ҫ˭ѪĴӪ˰
ҶҡҡͷΪ裬ѾͷǴͳǧ˭Ҷ
СѾͷʲôҶ췭˷ʵ
СӣϿҵҪ㣡û£˵ͷˣ֮ǰҶ쿴ɫе졣
ѾͷҶӣвɻ󣬡ͳҸʲô
ѪĴͳ죬Ҷ쵽Ҳֻ֪ˡ
ʵϣǧ򳤺⣬˶ܹͳ졣
˵ͳǳ͵Ǵ£һ
ɻ󣬿Ҷ컹һݣ豼ڵķȥСѾͷûԶʱػͷҶ죬ҶҲ·

ŰɫȣҶһԺ档
ڴ˵Ⱥҽȥͨһ£ȻƱһ飬תԺ
͸һЩݵķ϶Ҷ쿴ԺһλӣڰŪһЩݲݡ
ǾǴͳ𣿡Ҷ뵽
Ҷ죬԰ɣɣһԺ洫һĮֲʧϵ
ͳ쵽Ҹʲôˣ֮֮Ҷʱ񣬴ӵɻ󣬳Ժȥ
Ƭ̣һͤǰӣʯ棬ЦشСѾͷ裬վڻӵ󣬸
λѪͳ죬Ȼһũ磬Ҷ첻ɵþ档
Ҷ죿û뵽㶼Ѿʦˣţ츳ҲͻȻ۾һЦǺ˵
ţʲô˼ҳôҲܣҶԽɻˣԼʵһӿ⣬ϾǿǰûܹΪ
ʲô˵ʦˣһ
סͣС𾪡
裬֪ʲô˰ɣԺҪҶѧϰҿ˵ˣʱһֱӪпޡһùͽʦˡ˵
һԵҶԣüͷһͳעԼܾˡ֪ΪĹϵΪԼ츳
ߣƲƲ졣
Ҷ죬ͳ죡Ҷʱҵ
˰֣Ц˵ˣԺͲˣߣһá
ţҶ˵ͷĿǰͳϻǷǳģֻǲ֪Լʲô顣
ҹ¶һϤҩζǷ˳ϵɣȻʵ
ʱüЦЦԭǷ˵ҩҾ˵ôô졣ߺߣ
ҶûĳͷͳԲµȷ˳ϵ
ţ˵ͷСԴЦӦ֪Ҷֻһǧ׵㣬мϵļ۸ֻܶһ20šҲ˵ܹﵽʦ󲿷ֶǿԼģȵ𣿡
˭֪ǲǽñ˵Ĺ׵ˣ費ʵطֻܵ͡
ҡҡͷ˭֪׵ôˣ
ҶһЩҳѯһЩָͥһŽ̸
Ҷ죬Ȼ㶼ѾʦˣôҲóΪʽѪˣһ֪ͨԴнʽ
úŬҿ㣡
ѪǵδͿˡ
ļУҶԺ뿪Ժӡ
Ҷո뿪ԺӲúСѾͷӺһ顣
ҵ˵ˣȻѾͻƵʦôѪս˻ĺĹ͸ˣúŶһ仰ѧ˵Ҷ첻ݸ
ͳ쵽ʲô˼
صԼӺҶ컹ûŪ˼
ô˵ǵõٺôõѪս˻ĺĹջˡ
ң֮ܳΪʽѪˡ

峿ģѪӪ䳡ϣǧѪͼٲؿǰ
ǰ治ԶĿյϣҶһٲǧԴѵʾ
Ҷ죬ӽ쿪ʼĲǣʽѪˡһμݽ֮Դֽһٷ򳤵ķκѪҶ졣
úøɣδ˵ģԴҶļг͡
ѪǣҶȭ
ѪǣҶĲǣҲ˷ܼشš
ԶĸĲǣһĽؿǡ
һ˵õȮ죡


66 Ҷ֮Σ
ΪʽѪҶٴλָƽÿ֮⣬ûκֻ
ֽħһķѪ͸һšҶ죡
ÿʳԷ̸ܹҶ졣
ι֪ǸѾһ㲻ˡ
У֪ʲôԴϸ˷˻󣬾һֱħˡ
ǿ˰

Զһ䣬໢ƷƷơƷɡˮ˾һ𣬳͡
̸ģŶˡƷЦһĺˬ
Ǹ̬ʦˣѹ˼ţҿ˵ȷʺˮЦǺǵ
ƷƷƵһۣȵǻ˵ǺһΪѪģʦˣʦûͻơ
Ǳ̬ûȣˮԷ˷ۡ
˱ˣƷ̾
ǡƷƷҲ̾˿
ʱһԵ໢ͻȻϱһʦơ
ƷƷ˶ʱȵؿ
ǸŬˣȻĵıӰˣ໢վս⡣
ǿˣڽʦˡ
ϴ󣬹ϲˣƷƷ˲ɵø

ҶֹʱңԶİҶңһƲҵ
죬򾭳ܵһͷʦ޹࣬ոսõĳǳضƻһ֡
ôҶû°ɣ
Ҷʨһ̱ҩζʱҶ桢ҶɡϵҶҵĸ߲㣬ǵΧȥ
ûˣҪϢָܻƣҶ˵̫ˣǹؼʱС׽ʦҶҸոսõĳǳأҪͷݻˡҶʨ̾
Ҷ桢ҶɵҲһ¡
ô죿ͷʵ̫ˣСױϾŸոսʦһϣͲĶ֡һǳ
Ҳ֪ʲô飬ͷһֱɽôȴܳˣǵĳǳءҶɻ
ɽһЩİˣǲǲйأҶ
ֿܣʱǻôͷټȥոսõĳǳأҪˡҶʨ
ҽȥѪ֪ͨҶ죬츳¹ȥˣܿѾʦˡҶ˵
ҶʨҶԣɵͬʱ۾һ
ô죡Ҷʨ˵ͷ漴Ҷ棬˵Ҷ棬ٶȥѪǣȡҶǾסͷ
ǣҶص˵ͷ

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Դ壬ʲôʱ񰡣
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Ҷ죬ȥԴ˰ɡС㶼˵ˣʱû㻹ţѾͷ֪˳һϷʵЦ
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٣ԴԣؿҶ죬ôͻȻ٣ʲô˵ˡҲæҪ٣
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ξ˳ֻʦޣҶ޺֮ǣҶȭͷһ⣬ڵѾ㹻ʵնɱͷʦˡ

ʱ֣һӰٶ˵Ѫ飬ƺƵ뿪Ѫǡ
һѪɫŰķٶȥ


67 Ͼ
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ϴǰǳأУһѪ
СطȻҲгǳأһЩѪǾ̾
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ΪƽڰСطǺٿҶô˵Ķ飬ѪǵѪɷ֮Զܸܵ
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С죡һߴӰȻҴš
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Ƭ֮䣬ҶʹͨѨټͨѨһӾͻ˵ǰΪʦļ

Լʱ֮Ҷ컺۾ȫ˵Ҳû֮ǰƣ۷塣
ʦļо֮ǰˣԶԶǿʦڱӿϵӴԪҶоˡ
û뵽Ȼ׾ͻƵʦļٿеɫʯʱѾΪһѰɫĩһڵϡ


68 ڼ׾
ɵؽʦļҶ쾪ϲ֮࣬Ҳһɻ
ɫľ塭ţζҶһѵϵɫĩȻ͵ǰţһصʱ
ϧҼʶ̫ˣϲʲôǿߵΪȻǶĵرҶ찵뵽
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ҶС׵ĴԴȻָָϵɫĩ
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⣬ʲô˼СףҶŴͣһЦȻС׳󣬵˿ҲŪСڱʲô
𣡡С׼״ʱˣͺҧҧҶĿӣȻԴᣬצӻ˻֣ҧҧҶĿӡ
ҶŪˣָָԼʵҸ棿
𣡡С׸˵ص˵ͷȻ৵һ£ǰ·
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Σ˵ڲڴ˵أˣҲϴĶ֡
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û뵽ƧСطȻʯּƷһ֪ΪʲôЩڼ׾ˡ
ʯܹΪܹõ͵͵һɽһʯҶʿˮг˻ȡ
룬ɫ츳ܹõЩʯôΪȻʱڴﵽʦ߼⡣
ңҶҵõЩʯôʵ϶ࡣ룬ҶʨҶ˿϶ܹʦ
˵ǵϴһʦǿߣҶиһĨɣŵǿĹʦļΪʦ弶ǿҲаա
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ˣȽǰʯõ˵˼˰ΣҶҡҡͷɽˣ︡һɱɱ⡣
ʱ
磬ΪʲôͻȻое䣡
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ʦļΪԸЩʦûдﵽССߣֱֵǳɡ
˲䣬ʮĺڼ׾ߣ㱻Ҷһɱսܿͽˡ


69 һ
Ƭʱ䣬ɽ֮ڣ߱ʬ塣
ҶƬ̣ҵһЩƱͼؼЩؼһ֡ħս壡
ӦǺڼ׾ĻķҶ۾һæ˿
ȻȷǺڼ׾ĻڹķֻѪһΪ˷ֹй¶ȥЩؼֻ֮Ǽ¼˺ħսǰ
ٶȣǿŹۿҶ۾ԽԽħսĵȼȻѪս˻һҪʤࡣ
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ΣҶ쿴֮̾˿
ܹͬٶȣħսȴѪս˻ĶһǿĹЧ˭˭ãһɡ
źǣħսֻǰ㣬ҪõȫҲǲܵġ֮Ѫս˻ȫġ
ҶԥƬ̣ڹķ
ڹķ似һֻѡһţħս壬ҪѪս˻ģҶûֻѡˡ
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Ѫս˻Ѫģй¶ȥźħս壬ȴûô˼ˡ
ҲܹǺڼ׾֪϶ٲ鷳ҶƬ̣ȽҶʨҶ桢ҶɡҶԡϵȼףǾͻƵʦǿҶҵʵ
ҶҵˣʵԼģ𲽴ڹķͲõı֪Ҷкħսڹķˡ
ֻҪȵҳΪ˳Խʦǿڣ㱻ڼ׾֪ˣôҶо˸˵ףǿΪ
𣡡
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Сף뿪
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Ҷϸعۿǰս۹ĴɨӣȻһЩڼ׾ɽ֮ھʲô
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ܿ죬ҶͿһſʯǴӵ˳һԴ
ʯ󣡡ҶʱȻѹЩڼ׾ۼ

ͻȻһǰ
Ҷʱȥֻڼ׾ġϴ󡱣ȫ͸һɺɫĹâȻһһɫĽâ˺˿ݺشֻǡ
ڼ׾ġϴ󡱣Ҳһߵץᣬݺݵһצ˺ĺ󱳣˼Ѫܵĺۼ
𣡡

һŭĴ𣬺һҺ˫νܾˡ
硪ָӵʦĺڼ׾ߣæһＱ
ͬʱЩھĺڼ׾ǣҲӳΧͷ˵Ľǡ
ܴĺڼ׾ϴ󡱣߸ߴȵֵСĵ㣬Ƚͷޣټھʯ
磬Ҿ֪ͷ޲ģ㻹ţں˰ɣǸʦĺڼ׾ߴһ£һΧ˵Ľǡ
û˵ǣ򱻺ڼ׾ġϴס˫ʤ


70 ̵
һ޴սǳңҶĿɿڴֱ񫡣
Ǻڼ׾ġϴȻˣʵȴޱǿӲסֻû˵ǣ˫ƽ֣ʤ
һͷ˵ĽǣȻɣڶڼ׾Χ£Ҳһ³
ȻҶ쿴Ⱥڼ׾ʤҲǲʤ
ţҶ쿴ڼ׾ϴ˵ʱ۾ɵһ
ԭʦ۷ĺڼ׾ϴ󡱣Ҷ컹û˿գڣȴ֮һսİա
οʱڼ׾ϴ󡱵˼ͷ׺ݵϣͻȻ͵Ϯпشɱڼ׾ġϴ󡱡
֮𣿡Ҷտտдһ˿֮ɫ
ţֻҪڼ׾ġϴһʣµĺڼ׾϶ɢʱ׾ٵػЩʯ
Ҳڼ׾ϴȫġħս塯ҶȻ뵽۾ɵˣڼ׾ϴǿ󣬶ҰѪı׼ﵽʦ죬ȷʸȫѪս˻ġ
ڼ׾ı׼Ѫı׼һôڼ׾ϴϣ϶кħսȫ
ȫĺħս壬һʯաֵðҶ˲¶˾ġ
ܿȥϵѪɫ·ѪҲǰҶ͸Ĵ󵶡
ͬʱҶ˺һ鲼סס
ڼ׾СܹصǡҶ۾ŲԶս׼ȴᡣ
ʱֵ۷״̬Ҳڣĺڼ׾ǵʵ
ҶǸڼ׾ϴ󡱣ֻҪ˼㣬͸һ
ʱ仺š
սеƣҲȷͬҶϣķǰ
ͷǣڶѪΧ֮£ڵǿ֮ĩʼ֧ˡȻΪˣڼ׾Ҳʮʻ
Ǻڼ׾ġϴ󡱣Ҳ𽥺Ƿֳʤ˫˺ۣѪȫ
ռϷĻǺڼ׾ϴ󡱡
ȥɡڼ׾ϴЦţ쳣ǿÿһӳһѪۡ
ͬǵצҲ˺Ѻڼ׾ϴ󡱵Ļش塣
Ҷ쿴ðǺڼ׾ϴ󡱵ǳǿ󣬾ȻѪֵ֮޵צ
϶ǺħսĹЧҶ²⵽ͬʱиҪõǿĹˡ
ڴʱ
¶һ˿ɺӣ˿񱩵ɱ⣬ڼ׾ϴ󡱻һȻû㣬ֱӭȥ
ţҶʱۣ⡣
ڼ׾ϴһɵôЦǿȡһ˿Ӵ˿͵Ľ
͡
ǱһؿڣѪӿеĺʢںڼ׾ϴ󡱵ľĿУһצӻԴ
ҶҲؿһĻȡ
ƴԼȡɱһ
䣡ڼ׾ϴ󡱵Ľǵؿڣִ֮βֻؿǾ޴צصغԼԴ
ϴ󣡡
ӳ
Զڼ׾ɵþ

ؼʱ̣ڼ׾ϴһݣһһȭӭȥסԼԴ
꣡
һ죬ڼ׾ϴ󡱵ֱֱֻӷ飬ѪģͬʱҲش޴ɳȥ
Ƿ򣬾ȻպҶεķ
·㲻ߣ㴳ɹֲˣҶ۾һ漴һ˲Ρ
ˣԶڼ׾ľ
ţشľĺڼ׾ϴҲҶ죬ʱг˾ҡ
ȥɣ
ҶһЦһΣںڼ׾ϴ󡱵һֱ¡
ʱ˿̣ڼ׾ϴѾش嶼ľˣֻؿһ¡
Զĺڼ׾ǣҲ޷ʱԮֻܸɵۿһĻ
ͣ
ݺ£ڵһ˺ڼ׾ϴ󡱵Ļһ̣壬һƬѪ
ڼ׾ϴ󡱵ɴ۾Ŀ
֪ɱԼ˭
ϴˣ
ӳˣ

ԶһĻĺڼ׾ǣʱˣһ϶˾ʧ롣
ʱתͷǣдһĨĺ⡣
Щڼ׾Ƕʱͬһ㣬䡣
ܣҲ֪˭һ䣬Щڼ׾ǶʱɢӣǸﵽʦǿҲ⡣
𣡡
ڼ׾һܣǱΧľҪȥĽǣʱþˣ׺ݵɱ˼ܵĺڼ׾
ûҵһĻЩڼ׾Ѿûвˣ˵Ľ׷źڼ׾ȥջĿ⣬ڼ׾ϴ󡱵ʬǰһ
ৣ
һЩƱһ鱻Ҷ˳
ƱţħսȫȻûв´ȫĺħս壡Ҷʱ۾һг˼ȻǰϷֱװĸо
йӵ鼮ҶѪڣڹķʵȻܹࡣ
𣡡С׵ӲԶ
ҶתͷȥʱЦˡ
ԭСײ֪ʲôʱܵǶʯԣ˷ܵشأҲУʯҪġ
Ҷպúħս壬˹ȥʯϣСһ뿪
һ·ϣҶ쿴ٶĿ׺ؽЩڼ׾ʱµġ
Ҷ죡
ϴ󣡡
Ҷ߳ɽֵʱ򣬲ԶһƬѪɫɱµЩѪҶ桢Ҷʨˡ
Ҷ죬ʲôʱɽˣҶʨ㵵ʵǶһˡ
ʵҶ뿪ҶǲãҶ㷢ˣʱǵҶҴңȫ̵̺ʽѰ
Ҷ죬ԭЩİ˾Ǻڼ׾ҸղѪ˵ġҶ˵
Ҷ쿴ЩѪһźȦʱЩԼһϣɵЩæҲˣȻȥ˵
һ˺ܿصҶǡ
ҶҵĴУҶһɣЩѪ
ҶʨҶɡҶ桢ҶԵףҶȴû˿ԭԭһж˵˳
ҶҵЩ󶼾ˣһϣǾĶǣҲֻҶܹó
Ҷ죬ô˵ҲڹķˣҶԴʱһؿҶ졣
ԱߵҶ桢ҶʨҶҲĿȡ
ǼĿ⣬Ҷóħս壬Ц˵һڹķǴӺڼ׾ǿģǶ
ãڹķҶ˶лʦˣҶ˷ܣˣѾܾûôˣϴμҶɱҴ峤ʱ
ʣڹķЩƧߣҲ˽ʦĻᡣ
ŹΪҶҵܣĿǰֻٰնԼģҶʨϴ峤֪ħսǻҲΣ
һڼ׾֪롣
Ҷ桢ҶԡҶҲǰ׳գæͷ


71 չ
ҶǲԶһƫƧСϡ
ʮλҵĺڼ׾͵ؾһ𣬱Χĵһʦǿߣ޺޵ضԶҶǡ
磬ô죿һ׶ĺڼ׾ãȻʵ
ĺڼ׾Ҳͬı飬һαѰ֮ãҲҵ˱Ͼضʱ򣬷飬ϴˣҲȫû
ʱЩĺڼ׾ߣʿԵ˼㡣
û뵽Ǻڼ׾ȻƳǣǸΪ硱ʦǿߣҧгݵضҶǣĿг˲ʡ
ΪҾͲ֪˭ܹɱҴ磬Ѫİٷ򳤣˭
ߣǺڼ׾Ҳǳصģҵţ
ߣ»㱨ǧ򳤴ˣ
Ǹ硱޺޵ؿһҶǣתһ֣һȺбܽȥ

Ҷǡ
ħս峭һݽҶʨ֮Ҷԭص
ͬʱЩʯҲ˸Ҷңһһʮš
һ죬ҶҶʨԼﵽʮҶ棬ڱչ֮С
һħս壬һʯԱʵ
֮ҶʨҶ׷׳أǶ˶ʦ磬һ˷ܺͼ
ҶҶһƬֵ֮С
һݹȥˣҶҲڳأħս˵㡣ͬʱΪҲʦ
ΣҶ졢ҶʨҶ˵һȥ˰ʮʯʹҶҵĴҲֻʣʮʯˡ
Ҷ죬ʮʯ㻹ȥԼɣܹʦ߼Ҷʨ˵
ԱߵҶ桢ҶɡҶҲͷ
УڵΪҪʯܴͨһѨǣֱ˷ԴϵԺͻʦáҶԼᶨҡҡͷ
ڵΪҪһʮʯͻƵʦ߼ˣҶңҶҶ൮һЩʦǿߡ
ңҶԼʦΪټϵĿ¹ʦ߼ǿҲһսԾûҪ˷ʯ
⡭Ǻðɣ
Ҷ˼ᶨҶʨҲ֪޷Ȱ˵ˣֻõͷ
պҶһ˵£ҶһȺѪ뿪ҶǣѪǵķɱȥ
ϴ´οɲˣòһˣȻһֵĻᶼûУ
ϴһ˾ͽͷޣ
ǿϴǶûˣ
Ѫǵ·ϣҶµʮǶһԹ
ɽ֮гҶԼѾͷˣҲͲҪѪٽɽˡ
ֻһɰȺʢѪǱˡ
ҲƲƲ죬һ˵˵ǰһˡ˵ôоʵࣿ
Ŷ϶ˣһʦҶһæϢԼֻʦ
֪һӴʦʦôѪǶҪ𶯰ɡ
ϾڵҶ죬Ҳʮѡ
ʮʦѪǵʷϣǵһ
û뵽СѾͷ㷢ҵΪҪЩǧǲˡ貢ûмɣҶ첻ɵ˿뵽
ѪǸѪҲк֣ܶЩǰΪҶֽ֪վǱסġ
ʵΪҪعġ
Уһʱ䡣
ҶѾȻصѪǣϱչһºڳأ¶ʦļΪ
ټչÿ£㱩¶һΪֱȫչԼȫΪ
һǻٶȣ벻ôˡ
һͻΪܱһܹܡ

ҶڻصѪǡ
صѪĴӪҶûȥԴ㱨´˵ԼҪϱչ
ԴҶܿأҲû˿ɣ㲻ٴҶˡ
ʱ䣬ҶϽʱͶ뵽ҵ֮С
ʵϣȷҪһˣһΪͻƵ̫죬ҪúùһҲҪ⣬Լĵǿ
һºҶ˲ؽˡʦļû˿ɣϾ츳
ԴԸǹЦҶúʲôģͲùˡ
ҶʱΪô࣬ҲͲ̰ʱһЩ׵ˣڵΪҪϵŹãϧѪûжĳϵ
˴ʵʱ䣬Ҷ춼֮ϣò˵ɫ츳ǿ
ڹȥ֮Ҳ׵ʱΪﵽʦ۷ˣʦ߼Ҳֻ벽֮ңˡ
ʱҶԼʦ弶ʵһȺˡ
ʱҶŴѾֹѪӪˡѪеһЩߣҲ֪Ѫгһţһ֮ڣʦһʦ弶
ֲֿٶȣ
ΪˣϵҲѪͳ׼ٴټҶ졣
ȴҶΪɾܾˡ
ҲҶΪǫ飬ûΪǿ츳͸ҶһŻƽ׶ĵѪӰʮն
õŵʱҶǷǳľϲ֣֮ϲ
һֱϣԼһĵԸˣһһŻƽ׶ĵ׵ͼġǳ֣֮
Сӣҳ츳Ҳǿ似츳δغǿѪӰʮն˵Ѫҵ⣬ûһ˿ԽԲ磬Ҳһӳʮնĵز辡Ѿ츳ˣȴȻϲԡ
ŶҵҪԿҶʱ¶Ȥ֮ɫֻ۾ѪӰʮնҲ޷뿪
Ǹ񣬺ߣ״ѾˣΪҶΪķʹѾͷҲ˾ʱжŬѾʦ۷ǿˡ
豻Ҷ̼ˣѪӪеˣǵЩҶһ𿼺˽Ѫʱڣ˾
ʹѪӪһȻϢ
ǧ򳤶Դ˷ǳ⣬ɵԽҶ
һۣ¹ȥˣҶѾʮˡ
ʱѾȥۣӢ棬žӣ˸˵ľâ
һ˫񣬱м¶ܶǰ̽ҶѪ塣
ʵǲ֪ʱҶ죬ѾͻƵʦ߼
ʦ߼ʦźܴĲࡣ
УҪһƵı仯ʦ߼ǿߵƣѾʵʻ·ʵƵģһЩʵʦ߼ߣ̲ס
Ҷڵƣ˸оһͷ׺ݵľƵģһЩʵʦˣҿһۡ


72 
ѪӪյԺ
ҶѪڰв趯ÿһʮâ
Ҷ似ٶȻô죬һʱ䣬ѪӰʮն㱻˴Բ硣Ҷ΢һԪѪ˴۵Ĺâϵ̫ʧɫˡ
䣡
ԶһžҶһƬ
ûʹõ⣬Ԫâ˲ʮԶǴﵽʦ߼ı־
ʦʦ߼һΪľ磬ԪŨ̶ȣ㳬ʦʮ˫ȫûпɱԡ
ʦ߼û뵽һʱ䣬Ҿ˿ǧ򳤵ʵˡԼɵǿƻҶг
ԴӼѪǳ󣬼ֱѪһ¼ΪѪǿš
ȻʱѪߣ֪ҶʦѣǸ֪ҶѾʦ߼ˡ
ҶΪԼ⣬һŲ֪
ҶԼӪġ

Ҳ֪ҶСôˣô춼ûˣиȥԣ
ԴЦݵسҶԺȥ
ţǡȻҶԺſڵʱԴ𾪵ؿʮâڰ˸Ժһž
ѪӰʮնĴԲ磡ԴͫһһμҶԺ档
Ҷ죡
ţԴ壬ôˣ
ҶѪͬʱҲһΪֻ¶ʦԪʦ߼³˴ͳ֮⣬Ѫ֮ûܿóʵΪˡ
ԴȻһʦ˼ǿߣҶ챬Ļ˫˭ʤ˭ܣǸδ֪أ
СӣʲôʱѪӰʮնԲˣҼǵúѾͷһǰø𣿡Դ֮Уһɻ
԰ҿһ£ڽѪӰʮնԲ硣ҶЦ
ţԴԲѪһһؿҶ죬Цҡͷһ°Ϸʮ꣬ŽѪӰʮնʮնСӡ˱ˣ˰
Դ壬ʲô𣿡ҶεЦЦæתƻ⡣
ʲô£ԴʱЦˣи񣬱һп޷ʤΣһȫʤˡ
Ŷ񣿡Ҷ΢΢ȣ漴ͷþûнˣóȥɢɢģ˵Ϊһ
СӵٶѾܱ̬ˣͻƵĻѪطݲˣԴЦһ£漴˼ؿҶһۣ˵Ҷ죬һϢ㡣
˵գԴת뿪ˡ
ϢҶЩɻ󣬲Դ׼뿪ʱæԴ壬㻹ûиʲôأ
һ񡭡̴ȥӪſڣѪǵһ̶ȥѪǣ
Դ˵꣬ӰʧԺſڡ
Ҷ°ͣһľȣѪǣǰòźͺڼ׾˽û뵽ôҪȥѪˡ

ѪӪſڡ
ʱһһٶɵӴ̶ӣͣ
һ̶ͷӣŽվڴӪſڣŵؿѪӪ档
˵ôûѵ񣿡֮ɫ
үͷİɣȻѪӣ϶ġһݵӹ˵
ա
ڴʱѪӪ洫һţһӰٶ˵Ѫڶ
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˻
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̶ӵ𣿡Ҷ쿴Ǹӣʵ
ţôᣬʲô£ǱľӿҶ죬ɵü
ţҶĿ৵һת˹ӣݺݵʲô

ǰʱҶţһƨڵϣ˵
ԲǱǸǽæҶ񣬲Һݺݵ˰һۣЦݵؿҶ죬ҶˣⰢҵĹܼң飬ϲˣ˺
ʶңҶ첻ɵþȡ
ǱŵڵϵİʱҲһȵؿԼүүΪζһСô
ܿ죬Ǿ͵õˡ
ŵЦôᣬܳΪٷ򳤣ѪӪ˾Ҷ⣬˭
Ҷ졭˻Ǹţڵϵİʱ𾪵ؿҶ죬вɵúԼղŵλСү
ˣҶСҶЩǫЦ˾һߣһɡ
һǽҶֵܰɣҲҪܽҴˣ֡ˡүЦ˵
Сܾ͹ˣǺǣҶЦЦЩøС
ţҶֵܣڿԳ𣿡үʵ
ãҶͷ
ܿ죬̶ӱ뿪Ѫǡ

˳ţҶǱӿٶȣźѪǵķȥ
ҶЩǣүȻܾ棬ǺҶһ
磬ҶЩ⣬Ǯĸүôһ
ʵүʵʦһҶ쿴óһǿҩѳģһʵһЩʮĶ򲻹
ʵϣЩ̣󲿷䶼ǿ壬ûΪƴ£׷ġ
˵ĳЩ꾭ǿΪ棬һʱӲ㱻ЩǿɱԣĳͿʼѧϰһǿ㲻УҲԵһʱߡǺǣҶֵܼЦˡүЦ
ôأȷǱĺ÷ӣѪͷİɣҶҲЦ
ǡѪĴѪǵ߶˵ҵȻţүͷ

ѪǵѪǣӱҲҪµʱ䣬Ӵ̶ӵۣҶƣҪµʱִܵ
Ȼڼ籩꣬ôʱ϶Ҫӡ
ҶεһǶǷ˳ܿҪӽѪˡ
ҶֵܣǰǴϿˣϿҪ˰£ǾִܵѪˡϿǿˣһ·ƽүָŲԶ޷壬¶һ˿ǡ
ҶԿȥ޷ǳӴçԲԣյλãȷһѵĺõط
ģһȺɽѵκεѪҶЦ漴裬ԸȥֵǶ߾衣
һȺɽõôС𣿡Ҷľ裬ƲƲ졣
ˣǻ̶ӣǵ񲻴ЩɽǱ̶ӲˣСһãҶȵ
֪ȻƲƲ졣
ҶǽĿת˲Զ޷壬һâ


73 ӭɽ
յգȵ⣬տŴأʹôϿеϿȣһ¯
һȣµʮѪǰ̽黷
Ҷ̶֮УĿɨϿɽ֣ɫǳء
˵صһĺõطǿˣ϶ǰˣҶ߾裬Сĵ㣡ҶµѪǺȵ
Ҷֵܣǲ°ɣү˿ŵؼҶԱߣ֪ŵߣȫġ
ţҶüؿ磬ǿһһʱȥӭͷʹ㻹ǱߡţѪ磡˵գһԵźȵ
ŵͷżѪֱүԡ
ɷ˵Ѫүŵ飬ʱһЩֻȻ裬Сĵع۲ܡ
Ҷ첻ĴСĵ̽·
ʵ²ĲǻûнϿ֮ǰʱһɽѾ֪ǵϢǰˡ
󵱼ҵģ
󵱼ҵģ
һͷĿӼһʱһܻһߴš
СӣôСĵ
Сˤʺ
ſڣվ̻¶Ŵ󺺣ӭ濴ͷĿӣɵùЦ
Цʲô׼һ£ˣͷĿӵһۣæܽȥˡ
𣿡ã洫һĴЦһ۴󺺣ֿ˳
󵱼ҵģ
󵱼ҵģ
Ͽϣһɽɵöȵؿ۴󺺡
۴Ŀһüһϵĳ̫ΧɽǣЦֵǣˣҶ׼ã
£ôȵ죬˰죬Ǵ׬һʣΧļС򡣡
۴ֵأվһʯ棬ĴϿȣ˫֮У˸⡣
󵱼ҵģ̽ӻ̶һٶѪһҪСĵ㣡һͷʦƵһӣһص˵
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Ҳȵ簡ˣ۴һƣȻֵƲƲ죬ѪһѪ˵ֻһٷ򳤣ʦļô˵Ҳʦ弶ѵǣ˵һֵܣһһĭҲǡ
ǡͷʦæӸ۴ȷ
ȴ㡭۴󺺺ȵ
ǡͷʦͷһƬЦ

Ͽһ·̵ʱҶ콫ǽ˻һػ̶ӵԣСľǰ
Ҷ죬ǰҶԱߵʱ򣬵˵ء
ɽϾ̫࣬Ҫãôףһʦ跢֡
ţ֪ˡɽɲС֪ѪҲ˵ܶ࣬и֡Ҷ˵ͷ
֣ƲƲ죬ֲŲɽҿ׼ȡʤ
ҲС̫٣мǧɽɱ̶ӵҲ᲻Ҷߵ
ôˣɣԵɴ۾
ţҶ쿴˿ïɽ֣ϸһ˿ǣĴɽ֣ظ˶⣬ǧɽǲֵһᡣ
ô죿赣ǧɽҲҪ֮â
ô죿
ҶһЦк⼤ɱȥ
ʱһ
ڴʱ
ݣ
֮һ̻ը·źһ㣬ΧɽУʱӿֳǧɽϿз˶
Ҳ̻Ҷ̧ͷе̻Щ죬û뵽翴
ɽҿԣӴ˹·ƣһЦɽϴ·ڰһɽԵɽ֮кƵԼˡ
͡Ҷһ£漴һڿˮܲܲҪôס
ɱ
ɱ
ɽǴʱѾɱ˹ѪҲȥӭУһ˶һˣѪԴơ
Ѫǿɵ˿ңһѼ⵶ɱųɽǡ
Ƕǰ׳հЩѪɱ̶ӵˣԭǸٴαҶ췢ˣһֳִ󿳵Ķ۴󺺡
Щɽ۴󺺵æֳǧˣ̶ɱ˹

Ҷֵܣô죿
үأ
̶ӵ˶ʱˣǸүҶ쿿һǡ
ݡҶûĿһ䣬ǰǶ۴󺺵֮ȥ
ͬʱǼǧɽҲҶ
˫ɱǽ˺𺳡
Ҷһӳʮâڰн֯һ֮˲ɱһƬɽŵЩɽˣɫֵؿŲԶźѪɱ
ţʦϣǰٷ򳤣ɱ̶Ӿǵˣ󷽵Ķ۴ҲҶʵһϷӦָɽٶȷ档
ߣʦΣ˻㣡۴󺺿Ⱥ֮ɱҶ죬Ц
ʱҶƺоĿ⣬͵ؿ˶۴󺺣ŵһ
ܿҶջĿ⣬ΪĲԶǧɽǲҪس˹
尡ɽǶڵѪĲ֮ˣҶûŵǣȻس˹
Ҷؿǣ͵ؾеѪڣӭɽǣȡŲ񷣬ɽӣ
ѪӰʮնҶѪⱬ䣬ڽӽЩɽʱһʱ䱬˵⡣
䣡
һҶĺը졣
ţ˼һĻˡ
ǽӽҶ֮ڵɽоԼеһֶ񷣬Ҷͷ
⡪󷽹Ķ۴󺺣ױˣֻ۾ֱ㶵ؿ
ɽǣҲһסˣɵ̧ͷؿе
ЩҶ죬ӵ߳ɱѪǱ̫ͬĹâ
ɱҶһȣѪָǰɽﱬɱ⡣
ৣ
ʱҶͷһܼЩɽǼȥ



ɽǶʱһ屻ҽ಻
󷽵ɽǺͶ۴󺺣Ŵˣһɫɷף˫ȴ
Ƭʱ䣬˵ɽѾǧˣϿȵĵϣʬ壬Ѫɺӡ
£ʲôʱʦôǿˣ𣿡󷽵Ķ۴󺺿ɬ촽ŴһԶӶȥ
ԼϴˣЩŴɽǣҲ׷Ĵˡ
ߣҶһЦֱ̤ɽǵԴǶ۴󺺼ȥ
ǳ֮֡ҿ似Ҷһһ̽ǰʱڵԪӿ羪κһ㣬ڰ۳һֻͬСɽСİɫƣڱӵĶ۴ѹ¡
۴̲ס̧ͷһ㱻ˡ


74 ڴ
ƺգһ磬Ӵѹⷽء
ɱҡɱҰˣۿԪƾҪˣ۴ŵð֮ɫֱӹҶǰ
֪ˣߣҶЦԪʱ۴ͷľʧˡ
۴󺺰ҲҶһ£ΪҶеѪļϣֻҪһҪ˵ݰݡˡ
ˣɱңиҪϢҪ㣬ɱңһڵģ۴󺺿˿ԼܽѪŵ˵
Ŷ㵹˵˵ϢĶôҪһСҲǲԣҶ쵭Ц
۴󺺶ʱɫһϲ
Ҷ죬ʱ˹۴󺺹ƻҶ죬ʱݺݵصһۣҶ첻Ҫĵ
ʱϿ֮У˶۴֮⣬ɽǶĴˡ
̶ӰȻǰ治Զ
żѪܵҶߣΧŶ۴󺺡
۴󺺸ܵΧѪǵɱ⣬ɵһæҶǰ˵ˣûƭ㣬ӦŹңұ֤Ϣʧ
ǾͿ˵ڷϻʲôҶԺȵ
ˣӦŹˣ۴̧ͷҶ졣
ٷϻʸ̸𣿿˵ҵ޵ġҶһЦѪһ𣬶۴󺺵ĲʱһѪۡ
˵˵۴󺺶ʱŵɫһףæ˵ˣ֪Ѫ˲ǳصߣҸǿޱȡ
˵ص㣡ѪǶοǺѪǣҶȵ
ǡ۴æͷ˵ˣЩ˶ΪһǿߵСǰģ˵λǰı¡
ڣҶüɻʲô
۴һ£ؿҶ죬ƺ벻Ҷ쾹Ȼڡ
һԵ辪Ҷע⡣
֪ʲôڣҶ쿴裬߶ʱһۡ
찡Ѫ浽׸ʲôڶ֪ʲôǱˣؿҶ죬ʼ
֪ߵĵȼͽʼȻߣٺʦ
ʦ֮ϣкܶΣѪǳǳԽʦǿڡ
类Ϊ飡
ͨѨᴩضţʹʥշУǿߡ
һ磬ڣ
֮ڣ磬ѾԿɽɣΪһλ漶ǿˡ
һЩɣǿҲܹγ֮λ
֮׹ڼߣһǿߡ
û뵽ʦ֮ϻླ磬ô֮ϣʲô磿Ҷʱ˺ġ
ʡۡʥ񣡡Щ˵
ô࣡Ҷ𾪣ʱŸоڲŸո𲽣̤۷廹ʮǧء
֮嫣ֵһȥ׷󰡣СѾͷѵøпһ
Ҷ۾⣬оδ;˼ͺ档
ιзˣղ˵ĿɶģѪǸǿߵС磿˶۴һţʵ
ҶҲӦ֪ǺεǿˣֻǺѪСطǿߴڣ
۴ʹͷˣģ˵ġǺѪһֱǿߵĴţںܾǰǺѪһڼǿߣǺˣǰԼ˺ѪǸĺѪɽ֮С
ˣҶۡ
˲źãûȶ۴˵һԵȽ˷֮ɫǿ߼ȻˣôС϶ˣǿ߿ԿһʵС磬ǶԼı棡
˵꣬ҶʱˣѹֺѪôˣ鶼Ѱġ
ҲԣһǿߵǾ˾Ķǡ
˵ǿСںѪɽʵ
ҶҲĶˣŶ۴󺺣˵
۴󺺲æӻͳһŵͼˣͼֻġ֪ܲѪǳѾСڣϧʵȻǿ󣬵һǿµСӵĿ£ǺѪǳȥΣ󶼷ǳǱ˳
д£Զʱȡ
ҶȴһЦŶ۴󺺣Цô֪ԸٺѪǳ
۴ԣȴһ̾
ˣʵ㣬ұһڼ׾ٷ򳤣Ϊ˺ѪǳĶӣԱһֻ첲Ȼڼ׾
Ҳ۴г⣬Ҽڼ׾ʮ꣬ΪѪ˶ٺͣΪһ棬㿳Ҹ첲ƵΪܡߣȻ飬ҲĺˡڵϢҹ⴫ȥģֻûиС׼ȷڶѣŵͼ׼ǮƵġ
㵹Ǵ͵͵ųϢԳû׬ǮԱѩޣһ˫񰡣ҶЦ
ӢСģǺѪǳںıС磬ϧ˵Ĳ֣һССĺѪǳҲֵٱˡٺ٣ҿ˵ˣֿĴ嶼ˡ۴˵
Ĵ壿ҶԿ裬磬ֻ漰ڰѪǡѪǣĵطһŲ֪
ƽʱҶ춼ר似ΪٿһЩ顣
ֿĸǿļ壬ǷֱƼҡ׼ҡҡμҡĴ壬ܴ󣬱鲼ֿ״ֻεؽ͵
ҶԵͷаλȥһҪ࿴Щ飬˽һЩ
ˣҡҿ𣿡ȵҶ̸껰۴Щʵ
ߣҹ̶ӣ㻹ߣЦ
ˣҡ۴󺺶ʱˣæҶͷġ
ˣ߰ɣ˵㻰ôӦһ¡Ҷ˰֣
ʲô£˵Сǣ۴󺺶ʱϲæʵ
ͼ㻭ģӦûܻڶŰɣҶЦ
ԣʱҶ˼۵Ŷ۴󺺣вҪǸҴȥҾ㣡
ǣҾؿƿ뿪ҲغѪˡ۴֤
ŪˣҪ㽫ͼй¶ȥҶҡͷ
۴һ㶣ΪԼˡ
Ҳɻ󣺡Ҷ죬ֱѵ㲻̣
̣óѪǳȥǱ˳ƾҲ̣ϵѪǰ¶СĴͺѪǵȥǰվǳûˮ㡣ҶЦ
ޣԭôգȸʱһȻ
ҶԶʱ


75 Ѫ
ϿҶһ·ǳƽҲûǿɽڰº󣬿˺Ѫǡ
ΰĺѪǣµĲɣǽߴأмʮɸߡǽ֮ϣǳһӶʮ˵Ѳ߱߹Ҳӵߴĳ¥Ρ׳ۣϵţ϶ʧΰ
ǺҲмʮɿףȻ䣬о¶ĵĹâ̲ס󷢺
Ҷ쿴𺳲ѡ
ʣѪһѪǻҪΰĳǳأѹǳʱԴںѪǧҪ͵òҪǺѪǵĺڼ׾
ڵִѪˣ
ҶֵܣǶлˣûǻڰ·ˣ
ˣҶֵܣѪǣǽϢ

ѪǳŴүҶ֣м
Ǻǣ磬̫ˡǵְ㲻ÿҶЦЦ漴ΰĺѪǣտտòһ˺ѪǣȻҪȥһǳصҲǸµ·
Ŷ̫ˣǷģѪϤ滹һҿջÿס£ʳȫˡүʱһЦݣ֪Ҷǰ;ȻҪ£Ҷ졣Ҷ˶ء
ǾͶлˣҶЦ㲻ΪǿߵС磬ҲѪǵķ
˵ѪǣҶĿǰԶĵطءǳڴǳ棬˽ĺ嫡
ǰΰǳأҶȥ߹ţͨǺӣسʿļ£볤˺Ѫǡ
һڣ۵ıǱصķ֣ɽ˺ˮĽֵݵ¶ʮƥУԻ֮಻
һַĳǳأҶпѣΧȺԼϡŹֵĵ̣ЩӦӲϾˡ
ҶֵܣǰпĳĿջڴס£Ҫظһ»ǡԼ˰ʱүָǰ治ԶһģСĿջЦ
үæģùǡҶ˵ͷһǰջſڷ֡
ڿջϰİ£ҶסõӡҶ⣬˶ÿһӣռ˿ջ֮һ
ϢҳȥתתҶ뿪˿ջ
ȵңæȥ
˴Ⱥ֮УźѪǵķһֱ˰죬оӶһҺľ¥˼Сˡ
Ҷûѡ䣬ͨĶ¥һ俿λ£һʳһž¥ǵĸ̸ۡ
¥ջݣǾۼĵطҲǸϢԴͷ
ףôѪˣѵСϢѾѪ𣿡һСɫֻƵߣԶԶҶһۣͬǽ̸
ǿǿµС磬ܲ˵ֿĴλˣѪԽԽˡ
Ĵ֣εС磬ûǵķݡҿ˵ˣĴ˵У鼶ǿߡ
СϢ𣿲ǵڶûҵ׼ȷ𣿡
˵Ĵ˶Ѿϳˣǻɳ֪Сڡ
ôܣ֪ﻹõȵڣȡıˡ
Ͳ֪ˣǿµС磬ɲô׾ܴȥġ˵䲻ĻҲ鼶𣬱ǿߣʮǧ
ǰ˵Ĵ˵Умǿʤڳѹܴأ

¥۷׷ף̸СϢҶǲ֪˲õϢ
Ҷ죬ΪС磬鼶ǿ߶ˣ⿿ܹõ𣿡˵
ǣңҶҡҡͷоһС̫Σˣǵʵ̫Ҫȥˡ
УƲƲ죬漴¶һ˿ǣʵ֮ͬ˵ǶģСĶһЩϱǿߣҲֻܵףҪһȥ֪ͨװɣҲҲأ
ܣѪǵѪǣػضҪ£ǳǣҲҪһ£ˣƻ˶ˡҶҡͷЦ
ǿδأѵ֪ǻɵģٶȣһݾܸϵѪˡЦ
ҪȻѪ֪ͨǲУٶȣҲҪһ²ܻȥҶԥش
ִˣҿԳ·ֻҪ¾ܸϻѪǣЦ
·ʲô·ʱôңҶüͷһЩɵؿ衣
ιιιʲô񣡡ʱŭˣһҲ㣬·ʺϴ󲿶ͨУҲߣһ߾Ϳˡ
ã׼ʲôʱҶԾһ񣬶ʱʵ
ʣгʹͳǵͰȫˣʱҲܳûˮ㣬õһЩ
ھͳԽеľˮһɶȻվ
ڣҶ㵵ؿŸոսûһ
µȻԽԽãȥҲϹѵóһ˵꣬㳯ž¥´󲽶ȥ
Ҷȥ׼һС
ϣС椣ģͦµ𣬸ϲٺ٣ҶǸո߳¥ſڣ㱻һ˸Χסˡ
һͷĻ꣬ʮӵߣǻһ˫аĿ⣬衣촽һЦ˹Ҫ
Ҷʱüû˵
ԵĿŭһתӣǻһƯĻߡ
ѽֻһ弶ߣܵʦһţֱӾͱ߷ɳȥݺݵھ¥ǽϣ˼Ѫ
ү
ү
ԭʮӵŻǶʱһ˲Ҷ裬æܹȥǻꡣ
ȺʲôȥүץסС椣ҴңͣЩһŭ漴Ѫӿ̲סٴһѪ
ү
ү
ЩǶʱˣ·ֳչ˻꣬ʣµʮȫҶΧ
С椣㾹ҴǴүѵ֪Ǵү˭𣿡һȵһзǳգöү֪үˣһҪԲ˶ߡ
С˭Ѫǣˣһٴˣߣ費м˵
Ҷ֪˵滰ѾͷǴСҰˣѪҲû˸ͷ϶ȫΪ
ԭǲǺѪǵˣֲò֪ǴүߣҲ˭˴үһߣֵǣϣߴһ㳯ҶߣҲһΧ
ߣҶһһԪʱʵʻֱӳ⣬Щȫɳȥ
ΧʱһƬȻ


76 һ

ʦٻһʦļǿߣ
ûжʮɣһţ

ҶЩߣΧۿǶˣһ̾ѡ
ǸҲû뵽Ҷô˵ĿɿڴµЩǣǲٽӽҶ죬һη֮ɫ
ҶؿǣʱŵǴʧɫϽˡ
ǻܣһܻһ߷źݻ㡭ҵţүŹģߣ
ʮ׵ĻߣæǺ棬ҿҶһۡ
һȺġ
߰ɣҶ쵭˵ûнǻвϾѪڹٷݣֻҪûзѪǳҲû취
ţͷ˳ſջķȥ
·ȺеʱкĵѵλСֵܣǸϽ뿪ѪǰɣղűǴǶԵĸ硣
˭Ҷɻؿ裬Ҳҡҡͷ
Զ֪ˣǴѪģ֪Ҳпԭ¶һ˿ηǺѪǵĵһţŶʮѾʦ߼ΪǱƸΪڼ׾ǧ򳤡
ʮʦ߼ɴ۾𾪵Ѫʦ߼ѪƣҲʮˡ
ҶЩȣûж𾪣ϾҲһʦ߼ǿߣֻ˲֪ѣʮꡣ
˵ѪҲ֪ѪǳĶӣĴжţͶԱԶˡҡҡͷ˵˵Ҳ֣ⶡ츳Ⱥĸ綡ҫҲǱǴǸˣȴһ׳գ弶ܵЬ䡣
ⶡԡҫֵ׸ĸ˫ֵΪνǴ˶ҫһΪͷġ
ѵ
ţ֪ˣлλ壡Ҷ챧˱ȭȥ
صջ֮Ҷ콫ʮһ£ȻһͳǣʧԶ

峿ģӲӵĹԣѪǣƸΰĹųһɫ˿
һҶڵĿջȴǱλڼ׾Χˡ
ջſڣվλɷѪڵĺڼ׾ߣǵƣȺڼ׾졣
ջƹõϢæŻŵ˳һȺڼ׾ЦԭǺڼ׾ĸλú٣֪ʲô԰ǵģඨǣ
ٷϻϽȺѪ˵ү鷳ˡλڼ׾ԣһȵ
ǣǣȥƹһͷæܽջȥˡ
Ķǳ󣬺ܿһȺڲԶΧۡ
Ƕҫβ֪˭Ҫùˣ
꣬С㣬ˡ
쿴Ǻڼ׾λٷ򳤣üһһĸջסĵǺηʥ

۷׷ס
ãҶõϢһλѪƺƵ߳ջȺڼ׾Գһ
ԭѪâˣҶǶеѪɫΣΧ۵Ƕʱ֪ǵݡ
ٷ򳤣
ҶʮǿǰһȺڼ׾ʱһݣ
Ҷǳ侲ĿɨԱߵĻ꣬㣡
޷ֱҶĿ⣬æܵλڼ׾ٷ󣬸ǶҶеСӣںѪǵҶҫΪܵ𣿺ߣ
ĽҶֱӣĿ⣬Ŷλڼ׾ٷ򳤣Ǻڼ׾ʲô˼
λڼ׾ٷҲڴҶ죬ԣһ˷ǧ򳤴֮ǰһսӮˣ±㵽ΪֹˣֻҪ򶡴ǸС
ǵǧ򳤾ǶԣҶʱЩ˵ˡ
һڼ׾ٷ˵ǧ򳤴˵ˣΣٶĸ磬ܲܡѪķϣֻҪܴˣ±һʹ
һģδҲ̫޳˰ɣȺ֮˳
һڼ׾İٷɨΧȺһۣؿҶ죬ǧ򳤴ҪԳֵģϾֻѪİٷ򳤣Ա˳ְ֣ͬλҲ۸ˡң;Ϣָʵ
ˣϻˣĸһϰɣҶǣ˰֣ȴشȫ
ʱΧѾۼǧˣԶʱһƬȻ˶Ҷ̫ˣȻҪһ˿Ѫٷ򳤣Ҫ֪λٷҲʦļߵѾʦǿˡ
Ҷᣬôʦǿߣôֱ
ٷΪ곤һüͷһ壬ؿҶһۣƽ˵ˣܹͱܳΪѪİٷ򳤣ȷ԰츳츳Ϊ̤ʵһá
ûзϻĸԶˡҶȻǳֱӡ
ΧǷǳҲ̫񵽱˰ɣʱȻôѺڼ׾İٷ򳤷
Сӣ̫ˡȻ˲֪ôФ㣡һڼ׾ٷܲסˣڷƮ缲磬ԭһӰֱҶ졣
ФɳˣʵȻֻʦļʮ꣬һǱΪڼ׾ǧ򳤵ţΧʲô˶УȻϳФɡ
쿴Фɳˣĳն
һѺڵҵĹâڶͬеΣҶһûʮâ಻ĺˣ˶İ캳ء
ΧѾһ಻ĵâҵ۾˶ŵؿųС
ȻҶԵ÷ǳȻƾЩâƵ˲ɽ̧һƺʱͬ˵̵ĺˮӿƬ֮䣬Фɵеâ

ȫһģ
ʱһƬȻ
ǲϹӣҶһ־ܿóʵԶԶФɣֱһȼġ
λûгֵĺڼ׾ٷ򳤣ͫһ𾪡
Ȼ
˵ľ֮УҶһ̤˳ƶŵµӰʵһ㣬źƵФС
ͣФɴʧɫȫֵҲסҶƣɳȥѪ硣
ƣһʦļǿ߾Ͱˡ
Χž˶֮УЩڼ׾Ҳ⡣
ΨҶµѪǣһ˷ܺͼ
оܻФɣΪҲʦ弶
˻Сòƻʮɣ
һŰҺ뿴һҪˣϧѪǵš
Χϡ


77 
аܵУɾ䡣
ȫྲ
ҶĿɫĮȻûгȫФȴѾɳȥѪ磬ɫήҡȻûΣգǿѾʧȥսˡ
ʣµڼ׾ٷ򳤶ʱɫһһ˷סФɣ˿ŵҩ£߶ʱɫһЩֻڿҶĿУ𾪡
ʱΧѾ죬˶ޱȡŶԵĴµİٷҲѪǡ˺ܶ˶֪Фɵʵһʦļǿߣǽȴдܡ
ңФɵĻһͲʮꡣ
Ϣɿ촫˳ȥҶ֮Χ鿪˶̾ѣһȶԵľš
ʣµڼ׾ܷɫѿһ˻߳ӣ͸һĨ֮ɫ½ܣܸɴ࣬ûжķϻֱӳ֣͵ĹҶ죬ƷƵư硣
ȻһλƵĸ֣
Ҷ첻ɵ۾һҲû룬ʩչӭȥ
ǶսʱΧѾ
½ʦ弶ǿߣлƽ׸߼似֣ڶڼ׾İٷ򳤵УҲе֡
Ʒƺֻǻƽ׵ͼ˴Բ磬Ȼƽ׸߼
ǵۣϸսʱľ̾ǶҶıַǳ𾪣һŻƽ׵ͼ似ȻӲѹ½ܣֱ𺳡
Х죬Ҷ˫趯ŵµӰգһֿµٶȣ˷һ½ܡ
Χ޲𾪳ʣµڼ׾ٷ򳤶Сġ
½ʵ͸ܵҶĿֲһֱȫʩչĵѧƣǾȴֻʮ֮޷ӳƷȫ
ã½ܱ·ˣҶһƺɳȥǰФһһѪʧȥս
һӾս˶ֹۣͣؿһСڣҶѾˣҳֶʮУ޵С
һһһϣ½֮Ҷ쿴ʣµڼ׾ٷ򳤣˵
ʱǶҫѾŵöˣҶƳװסˡ
ʣµڼ׾ٷ򳤶һ࣬һüӴ߳涼һǿΧĴضҡ¡
ظճˣֲѾﵽʦ弶۷壬еĺڼ׾ٷУŽǰʮ
ظտ֮ƣ
Χ˾Ȼ֮˺Ҷ춼üëһ
ظû˵ֱӶҶһȭƽȭͷȴͻȻҵĹâǻϴӣڶ಻
Զսˣоһȭɨ׷׾棬𾪡
Ҷûжܣͬһȭӭȥûѧȭһȭƽ棬ֻһɿֲԪ
Ҷȭֱߣظռ״Ц
䣡
˵ȭͷֱһ𣬿ֲΪĶҶ˿·һɽڴˣƺ嫡ظϵļЦȴȻˣһĨ
䣡
һα죬ȴȭͷظձҶǿɳȥˣȻû֮ǰ½ܡФôǱҲʮڽһ˿Ѫ
ְˣ
˵һ
ȻظûʧȥսɵҲܿóҶظյǿ˵˫ʵȫһȼ档
찡굽׻ǲ˰ͣȻﵽʦϣ
Ҹ˵ܹ̤꣬ʦ߼ܹƶԴµĺѪǼ¼
һȶԻҪµľŰ
ΧǶˣһ𺳡
ʣҶλڼ׾ٷ򳤣ƿνﵽ۷壬ΧЩڼ׾ǣ𾪣һŵӡ
ѪϲһݵؿҶ죬Ժ
ͬʱҶȴĿͶһλڼ׾ٷ򳤣ĸӦ֮УӦһʦǿߡ
Ȼ塣
ˣҶ쵭Įؿ
ˣܹظգһҲҳ֣Ҳκβ㣡һλڼ׾ٷԣɨԱλ˲صͬһۣͫһ£漴ҡҡͷ
УΧ۵˲ɵһġ
Ȼһλٷ򳤺°ܸҶ죬ӣԲžܾӭս
ò˵˵죬һ˲õҶ࿴ۣȻˣǿ뿪˰ɣ
ߣٷ򳤺ˬ죬һҶ죬µĺڼ׾ȥ
ҫҲСеظȥҿҶһۡ
ҶĿЩڼ׾ȥȻµѪ»ص˿ջ֮СؾһۣѪӦûж˸˰ɡ
ΧǣҶȥҲɢȥ
ֻҶ֮ȴ֮ڣѪǡ
ʱ䣬Ѫǵߣ֪Ѫǳһ˲õľţȶԡ

ڼ׾Ӫ
һڣ½ܡФɡظյٷ򳤹վţǶ棬һݵ꣬ӡ
絶һĿ⣬ɨ½˵ϣ鲻ԽĲ
ˣ꽣üĿһĿϸһ˿⣬һ˫ڵӣ͸˵Ĺâ
½ܵ˵ͷ󺹡
ˣⲻǣµΪֹҪȥˣã½ܵ˺ˮһصʱڰ֣ȥ
½ˣ˿һ¶ͷĺˮȥ
Ŀȥ½ʧʱкһţѪǡҪڶԣߣ

ļգҶ춼ǳƽضɹÿյʱ⣬ȥ¥̽һЩǸСϢ
һڵȴѪǵԮ٣һߵȴǸϱɽͷ콫СڵϢȥ
ڣڰºҶһҾ¥еõϢ˵֪СڵϢϢĴеﻻȡ˱
Ҷһ֪Ƕϱɽͷ죬ֻû뵽ǣһﻹеӣҺףѵͲ뻢ıƤ
ȻҶɽͷ쵨Ӵʱ򣬶Էȴ
ջڵһ䷿УҶ쿴Ŷɽͷһʮ򳤵Ĵ£ǰ
ȥɣҶ˻֣ʮ£ֻɽͷ졣
ˣɽͷæ
ˣɣҶ˰֣Ц㵨ӲСҺףͲɱ𣿡
ش˵Ļһȥ̸ǲ֪ҵݣҪɱҲû취ɽһĨ֮ɫ
㵹ǴҶһ£ʵʲô
뿴ɽûлش𣬶ǴӻȡһСƿӡ
ʲôҶɻЩ²͸һˡ
Ƕϵһʮţôһ𣡡ɽЦ˵
ʲô
Ҷʱ𾪡


78 ҶҾ
ҶŶɽݹСƿĿгȣЩˡ
ɫ츳ҶΪǿٶҲ𽥼ʦ߼ͻһûдʱǲܵġ
ԣܹΪĳϵҶ˿
ϧǣڵΪֻжĳϵŹáֶҩѪǺͺѪǸûеĳۡ
ԣҶ쿴ɽͷеĶϵʱǳ𾪡˷ܡ
ΪΣҶعһɻؿǰĶɽͷ죬ûнӹСƿ˵ּĵҩӦ޼֮ΪҪ͸ң
˲֣ҩãҲҪáɽͷϵؿҶ죬ϸһ˿ɬЦݣҽСй¶ȥѪǳȻ֪ҸɵģʱһССɽﾭڼ׾Χˡ
ôڹ𣿲ûҲ֣㱾ҲôɣҶ۾
С˲ңɽͷԶʱ֣̿ڵϰ·ԼѡģԹ޻ڣϴ˵ֻϣܹң
ҪңҶԾȵؿɽͷ죬Ҳ˵ݴ½һЩСߣѡǿߡ
νһ˵õȮ죬һЩʼߣҪ·ߵøԶһЩǾֻѡһЩ츳ǿߡ
ֻ˺١
ϾһĳһߣôɶԷƿأͬһ㡣ܹΪߵĶǲǵ֮ˡ
Ƕɽͷ컹һʦ弶ǿߣ
ԣҶǳȣĪԼġ֮
ܹˣС˵ңС֪ҵʵֻ۴ˡϣܹһ֮ҳΪµһѪɽͷ칧˵
㵹ǻ˵ҶԶʱȻ΢΢ЦЦѾ֪˵ĿģǽѪͷܺѪǳ׷ɱ
ҶƬ̣üҲǺڼ׾Ӧ֪ѪĹ涨вȱ֮ˣǲѪģ
С֪涨˰æԴ˵츳ѪеĻȨӦòǧ򳤲ɣɽͷһ֮ɫϾǺڼ׾³ΣҲΪһɽ
šҶ˳ɣǰĶɽԺͻȻһ⡣
Ѫǽȥˣһһȥ֪ԸԸȥҶ쿴ɽͷ졣
ɽͷ΢΢һ㶣ЩʧǱһ˿ϣʵʴǺδ
ҵļ򣡡ҶЦ˵ϸһ˿ԺȻǰֻһСӣҶѾһСǣҶǡаգڲõĽҶһᳬԽѪǺѪǵġ
һС˾ţԴ˵ľ츳ֻʱ⡣ҴʤᣬһᳬԽѪǳѪǳģʱҶҲŴ˵ǿɽͷԵ֮ͬɫ
ͬںѪǵߣҶս֪ߵΪʮ꣬Ѿһʦ߼ǿˣƿϵôʮʦ˼ǿߡ
ֿµ츳ֿҲҲ١
ɽͷѱѹҶϣǿǰ;
ȻˣôԸΪҶǵһԱӦ֪ʼҪ洳ģҪػҶǣҶؿŶɽͷ죬ʦ弶ǿ߼ҶǣôʱҲͲٵˡ
ңҶһ˶ϵ֮⣬϶˲ٱƾЩʦʦ߼пܡ
һҶҲͲҶǵˡ
Ը⣬СԸ⣡ɽͷһصͷϲɫ
һˣҶ컹ûػҶǡôȵҶ֮й֮ԺҶǿͬѪǡѪˣҲȻߡʱȻȲѪãǱҪѪ
Ȼˣ̶ǰýЩɽҲϡҶͬ⣬æȡֽʣҴдһţ֣ص˵㵽Ҷ֮󣬽ŽһҶߣˣѵ֮ȡҶ浱͸嵶ݸɽͷ졣
ɽͷ˹
ѵţҶǵ˾ͲỳˡҶ˵ͷȥҶ֮齨һںڼ׾ѪľӢӣʿµɽҶ֮ѡסһػҶǣһѵӢӡѪڼ׾һΪҶǵǿӣ
˷ģСı֤񣡡ɽͷҶ˼ˣҪΪڼ׾Ѫͳǰǰ;һƬ
ССˣ˵˰죬һ֪أҶЦ
ش˵ĻСľɽͷ죬Ҳ˵
ֲԺҲҪҰǸӢӴĸһӲҶ°ͣ˵
˷ģһʧġţ漴ȻʵˣˣӢӣӦýʲôأ
ţǵȡһ֣ҶԵ˵ͷѪǵĺڼ׾ѪǵѪҶǵľӢӣӦҲһķ֡
Ҷ°ͣ˼Ƭ̣Ȼ۾һ˵ͽҶҾɣ
뵽ǰʷеһӢɣġҾս޲ʤ޲ˣ޵С
ȻҶҲһӣôҶҾ־Ͳ
ңҶҾ֪ҶҵľӣǿҵĹУԤġѱа
ҶҾ֣̾һ£ʵϣҶȡʲô֣Ҫͬ㳣ʶ׵ġ
ˣھ뿪ѪǣȰźһк󣬾̶ǰ򣡡Ҷ˻֣
˱أһ˳ӡ
ȵȥ֮Ҷµľλʮ򳤣˵ԼҪչһʱڣܳʲô鶼Ҫ
һ֮Ҷϥڴ֮ϣµǸСƿƿǣһŨŨҩ֮ζ̱֮ⷿƢ˻ˬ
Ҷ쵹һŵҩɫģ͸ĪĹ󣬷·ʲôʵһ
κζⶥϵмϵûжֻζŨ˶ѣɫҲˡ
һŶϵҶһŨŨг˼֮ɫЩҩڽСǰһ
ʦ˼Ϊټ似ǳֺ֮͵ĵƣҶսʦż
ʵڵСԱˡ
գҶ콫еһŶϵһ£ҩڼ˳ĺӿ֫ٺһɽ緢ɢ
ҶһæСħս塷һһߴͨѨ
ãһѨ˳ҵĹâ


79 ʦ˼
ڶϵİ£ҶܿʹͨһѨʣµĵҩԪںһִľ֮С
Ҷתħս塷ȶԼΪȫҩеһ˿һ˷ѡ
Ҷٶһųϵ
һʱ䣬Ҷ춼ƿеʮŶϵĸɸɾӶͨʮѨһٽʦ˼
䣡
ͻƵһ˲䣬һɼԪͬɽһ㣬ӵ֮ӿҶʮ֮С
һ̣һǿҶڱо̲סһХ
ͬʱҶյ˫ĿҲȻ۵ľ⣬һǿƣڻ
ʦ˼
ھбӿϵĻԪԼǹǿҶ֮ϣɵӿһĨŨŨϲɫܹоԼڵʵ֮ǰҪǿ˼ʮǿĸо˷ܺͼ
ڵʵѪ֮У˴ͳ֮⣬ûܹʤˡ
Ҷгţʦ˼֪εǶôĿ¡οеΪƣʵԽӭսʦżǿߡ
֪Ѫǧ֮УҲֻһʦżˣԴҲʦ˼ѣڿ϶Ķ֡
Ҷ˿ȭͷգʵǿڼС֮УǸӵаˡ
ǿµС磬϶кܶ౦ܹõһǿ似ڹķôҵʵͻǿˣ
ļգҶ춼ڿջ֮ûгȥһߵȴʱһȹԼΪ
Ȼ뿪ˣںѪǵİߣȴųСڵϢ̶һݣѪǵ߶֪Сˡ
ҶĲ÷ǳų˭ץסõʵĽ
ϧʱѾǰˡ
ңǺѪǳֻܴ̣һ
̶ʱ䣬İ£ѪǶһȵ֮ССԼڵϢһֲֿٶȣǳء⣬ҲӿѪɽۼС֮
ڼС磬κµ˵ǿջ
˭ȥһ˵ãܵõǿߵĴУµõһЩĵرǺõġ
ҽȥǣҲǰ׳գ֪µС϶ǳΣաԾΧСԱߣȴûһ˸ҽȥ
ҡƼҡ׼ҡμңԼѪǳҲûκξٶ·𲻼ǰС硣
˶ڵȴʱ
һݹȥˣѪɽԽԽ𱬣ܿߵӰкѪǵģдطġ
һ죬Ҳһλص˺ѪǣһǰĻλǧ򳤴ˣֱţɽƮƮ
ջ֮УҶõϢӭλٷ򳤡
ţɽһĺˬҶ죬ļ̾СӺܺãûиѪҿ˵ˣһ˽ڼ׾λٷ򳤶ſˡ
ǧ򳤴˹ˣֻǴһûж֣ҶЦ˵ǧ֮УԴ֮⣬ͶˬţɽкøС
ԱߵƮƮһ䵭һֱڣû˵һ仰
ٺ٣˵һǲҺ㶯֣ҲԼڼ׾ţɽЦúʹ졣
ǧ򳤴ˣȽȥɣѾ׼ϯǽӷ硣Ҷ˽ջ
ʲôǧ򳤴˵ģǺúӲףԺͽţ壬ʵ̫Сд綼СţɽЦ
Уţ壡ҶˬصͷͬʱҲӦţɽΪʦ˼ԱߵƮƮʦ߼
Լӵǧ򳤣ڵʵԼҶЩܡ
һԺ֮󣬱ۼһС֮УãҶ컹кܶҪѯǡ
ţ壬ξ𣿳ʹͳأҶʵ˵仰ĻС֮зǳΣգ͵ţɽƮƮǵʵԼҲﲻʲôæ
Ȼˣ
ûţɽƮƮ˵һԵȿЦҪǳôô͸ϵѪˡڰ·ˣҵжβһǰѪɽˡ
·ϿѪɽˣǵĿе֪СڵϢԴͳѪ֪ͨ㣬ͳȥ̽СˡţɽЦ˵
Ҷ΢΢ͷͷˣ˳ڣҲһɽõСܵЩǿߵĶ֡
ߣ治֪ͳЩʲô㲻ʦȥǿµС磬ֱһԵƮƮȻһ
Ҷ첻΢΢üλǧƺЩ˳ۣһֱڶûۿһ£ʱֳԼ
ϣҲһ˿졣
ԱߵţɽüȵˣͳȻ⣬οҶ츳û׼СͻƵʦ߼
ߣ츳ǲûгɳţȻߡС֮Уǿ߶ˣΪȥҲֻǺȣƮƮЦ
ţɽ˵ȴҶֹ̧ˡ
Ҷ۾ƮƮҲʾм֮ɫ
Ȼˣ֪ǧΪҪʲôʵܽС磿Ҷ쵭ʵϿʲô顣
Ҳʦ߼Ϊ˵㣬˾͸̤ʵһ㣬С̫ΣˣһҪһʲôʧģѪҪʧȥһδǿˡƮƮĮ˵ֻгϷʵЦݡ
ҿҪúöлǧ򳤵Ĺˣ֪ʵǷ˽Сʸ񣿡Ҷ˵꣬ⱬ䣬һʦ߼ǿƴϱӡ
ѽһܲƣ˵һԡ
ţɽŵվ𾪵ؿҶ졣
ƮƮԭϷʵЦݣʱˣ֮ͫУ𾪡
Ҷһǿѹȶ˵ôǧ򳤣ѵʵʸС磿
ƮƮ䵭ɫʱһ죬һ˿οڣҲֻʦ߼ΪҶûʸȥôʲôʸȥ
ʱƮƮֻоϻʹ·˺ݺһƵġ
Ҷ죬Сʲôʱʦ߼ˣʱһԵţɽΣϲؿҶ졣
Ҳ⼸֮䣬ƸԾͻˡҶ첻ƮƮţɽЦ
СӣѪֶһλǧˣһʷǧ򳤣ţɽЦֻо̾ϲû˿ʣҶ첻ɵü˶ĺøС
Աߵ裬Ҷ죬ɴ۾С沼𾪡


80 Ѫ
ѪɽӴһſڲãĴϣ·Զ
ѪɽűźѪɽΪ߽ѪɽԣԺѪǵŷǳ֣ۼѪǽһߡ
λ֪ǿߵСڣںѪɽѪŴԼһ·̡
Ҷ졢ţɽƮƮڵڶϳ˰ƻʱ֣ŵִ˺Ѫɽ
ЩѪѪˣСѾͷʱƲ֣вҶһҪЩ
ҶڴӦλС̡

谵ɭ֮УҶ˳Ĭǰ
ɫˣǼӿٶȣܹ֮ǰǻϣţɽһɫȵ
漴ٶ͵ؼӿ࣬ǰɱȥ
ҶƮƮ״Ҳæӿٶȣ֧ͬïܵɭ֮С
ߣСӲͻʦ߼ԪȻûҵĻ񣡡ƮƮƳһԱߵҶ죬һμӿٶȣ׷ǰţɽ׼˦Ҷ졣
Ȼͷ֮ʱȴûпҶӰ
ɣСٶȾ㲻ңҲһӱ˦ƮƮһоЩԾ
СٶȾȻô죬ҪٲŬһ£Ҫ㳬ԽˡǰȻţɽĴЦ
ƮƮʱǰȥͫһʱˡ
֪ʲôʱҶѾܵǰˣţɽͷ
ٶȾȻô죡ƮƮ𾪣ͨһƬоġ
ҶΪɴҶٶֳԽһƮƮоǰδеĴܸС
ȻƮƮ˼Ҷ죬ţɽǶ֪
Ѫɽ֮ŲٵޣﵽʦҲкܶ࣬һ·ϣҶҲ˼ͷǵΪɵؽˡ
ڣ֮ǰҶ˿һΪصʯ
ʯλһɽ棬ΧһƬԼ䣬Ҷ쿴Ӱڴ֮С
⣬ǰʯĶһ޴Ŀռѷ죬·ձһһҶоǳ档
ӦþСڰɣǸ˴СĿռѷ죬Ҷг˺档
ڣôһ磬ȻܹһʵһС磬ֱķˡ
̵ֻĵطȻʯǺѪǳģΪıڸСڵڡϧ㲻㣬С绹Ǳ˸ˡţɽŲԶİʯЦ
쿴ͳǱߣȻƮƮָǰɽ¾
Ҷ첻ĿȥֻǰɽϣվߴӰ˴źԼһѪɫۣѪͳǧ򳤶Ĳ
ʱͶĲվһӵ󣬴˴һɫЩƮݡ
ѪǳҶ΢΢ȣӿûʲôǿϢҲûʲôϵĸоѪǵĳѪ껡
ͻȻҶѪǳ֮ʱԷƺӦ͵ؿ˹һ˫Ŀ⣬͸˵Ϣ
Ŀ⣡Ҷһݣڲٻɴ˵ˣڵΪҲָܸоֻѪǳ鼶ĸ֣־޴ѹ
߰ɣѾˣţɽЦЦ
ǰɽ±жȥ
žʯĽӽҶ췢Χɽ֮ߣһƬ֮ࡣ
ɽʱɽ֮д
ΧȴûжأȻǼɵѪλѪǳǿʵ
Ҷ죬ͳ죬ǧ򳤴ˣ
ţɽ
ƮƮ
ҶߵǸǰʱæ
ѪҶ죬Ŀб۵ľ⣬̲סʦ߼ˣ
Ҷ˿¶Ϊʦ߼һӾͱˡ
ԱߵĶĲҲ𾪵ؿҶ졣
ͳ죬ǰòŽͻƵģҶǫ˵
ңһۣƲƲ죬ûм˵
ѪؿҶһۣĿ⣬õҶ챳ֱ˿ĸо
ѲóΪʦ˼Ҷ찵𾪣鼶ǿߣ治Ǹǵģһоǿѹ
Ҷ죿㣬ţѪ껺Ȼ̾
һԵͶĲ˶ˣǻǵһοĳ󱲣Ҫ֪ǳĶѪƣǸѪǧ򳤣Ҳûܵ͡
ҶҲЩܳæǫ
ѪûмҶ죬תĬؿʯĿռѷ죬֪Щʲô
򿪿ʵѪǵôĴ˻û𣿡
ͳ죬ʱȻûжѪǳҲһţɽ˵
ˣһﲻһֱڴ̽СȻҵˣô˼üͷ塣
ҲڵȴʲôҶһȻ˵
ʱһҶ죬֪ʲô˵
ģѪǵ·ϣһɽȺɽͷһλڼ׾ٷ򳤡Ҵ֪Ѫǳ֪Сˣһȥ̽ܶΣÿǱ˳ҶҲֱ˵
С粻򵥰ɫһѪǳǱ˳ǽȥǴ
Ѫ껡
ȣѪ껵˵

ʱţѪɽԽԽ࣬Ҷʼմɽ֮ϣûǰС硣
ΧЩǣҲûһ˸Ͻȥ
ֹ죬ҶͻȻоѣȻ˫ɽµɽ֮С

һƿյ죬һȺٶ˵ĶƵͷһλɽӵߣһλŽɫ۵ꡣ
ҵˣû뵽ҵⶦҲˣ22꣬ȴѾǰ벽ˣȻûԱߴͳ
ңⶦ
Ҷ찵𾪣Ŀ⿴Ǹɫ۵꣬˿ŲһɿµϢΧ߶ҽӽ
ҶɵⶦԱߵɽߣһʱ򣬱㿴ڵɽ¡˫Ŀ⣬̵Ҷ۾һ£ӡ
Ѫ껣ߺߣɽƳѪǳһۣһһɽͣס˲
ЩҵҲɽפΧһЩߣǸߡ
ɶһԵ
˭Ĵ壬ǲ𣡡

ߵЩ߶һȻȴŭԡ
ֿĴ壬û˲֪Щǡ
һȺҲƵС磬ߣⶦмؿЩһۣЦѡ
ǵҵǼͲҪЩˣɽ˻Ƶ
ǣ壡ⶦ˵ͷ
ɽ߼״Ŀתɽ֮УЩһҲӦҪˡ


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ն峿⣬·Ѫɽһɫ¡
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ڷܵҶ죬ǶĲţɽˣѪǳѪ껣¶һ˿͡
ʱ仺ţ缴ٵʱɽµɽ֮УͻȻ˺к¡Ʒ졣
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Ѫ껡ĲƮƮ˶ɵתͷƬɽ֡
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Ҷϳһ飬һӰٶ˵ĺڼ׾ͷһλӴһɫۣϴһۣ˫ͬԨ˸ĸоѪ껶Ҫǿһ֡
ѪǳҶһ룬Ҳ³˾ǺѪǵĳκԪԱߵһ󺺣ܾܿǺڼ׾ͳκ
飬Ҷ²Ӧþǰ׼ҡƼҡμң
֮ͬǰһͷˣҲһˣ߸һλˡ
һԵţɽܣҶ֪ǵ֡
ƼǴСˮһȹסԱߣһȹ˿һ
Ҷȴоȹǳǿ󣬾鼶ǿߡ
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μҵĴСʫϣͬһŮѩͬ·һⶦĿ⡣
ֻʫϵһλ·˭˳ƵģǺݺݵһⶦúڨЦ͵ʫϡ
һպĴ壬ҶջĿ⣬΢΢һݣ̸Ĵǿߣĸˣо˾޴ѹ
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һֿôţ׹أҶûбԼ츳ԣݴ½ޱߣ׹ǲ׺һڣҪߵ·Զ
Ѫ껣ϢǺͨҶ˼֮ʱԶһһɫӰգǺѪǳ
ͨϢҲȲκԪЩС磬µõ˲ٱɣѪ껵˵
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ȻѪ껻µʱĴλǿߣκԪĿⶼ˱䡣
κԪܹΪѪǳȻǵ֮һѪ껣㲻ҪѪˣСΣգֲǲ֪ǻһ£ôȥɡ
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κԪһ˿⣬ͷ鼶ޣһԵҿʤκһͷޣ˴˭Ƕ֡
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һ֮󣬱ԻصԼ֮УһЩ飬һʯ˵Ŀռѷ졣
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ĴȽռѷ죬Щɢ߼״Ҳ۽ţСС
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һƬĴԭ̴дУҶûЩΪʱΧǿޣʵͶʦһߵĴﵽʦʮܶࡣ
ڲԶǰȻֱһѪһͷɫʨһͷ޴Ĵɽףһֻ۾Գһͷ̻
ǿ鼶ޣ˿Ѫ껡κԪǿ߼ս漫𺳣ûκ޸ҽӽ
ЩǰɢߣĴܵ޵Ĺ˲ء
Ĵ˱ϾǿСЩɢޣȴֱһƬѪɺӣʬء
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ҶʱӦγѪ˻һһУǰͻΧȥ
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ҶǼһ·ɱȺÿ϶ȾѪҺȻǴѪαѪɫģԵҲ
ⳡɱ˰ʱֱȻﱻѪǻɱ֮ЩȺȥ
̶̵İʱȴһ֮࣬󲿷ֶЩʵǿȽɢߡ
κԪģЩߣɴѪǵģҶ쿴˺صʬ壬ɵð̾
ΪΪʳ
Ҷ죬סǿΪ磬ܳΪǿߣôһ죬ҲȥҶļ򣬳ǰɱȥ
ĲţɽƮƮһ̾Ҳȥ
Ҷ˼һۣЩصʬ壬ͷҲصתǰȥ
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Ƭżûʲô֣ǿЩƯе¥Ҷ쵱ˣ۾ΪԼˡ
ৣ
ʱĴǿߣԼѪ껡κԪǿߣ׷׳𣬸ԴһˣƬ¥
Ѫ껴ǰ»ҶСжסҪ
ͬʱĴʣµЩڼ׾ɢߣһǰƬһż
ĲţɽƮƮҶҲ˹ȥ
ڰ·ϣҶȻͣԶһߴεˡ


82 Ѫħ
С̫ˣһ룬ʣµҲкüˡ
Ĳ˻УۣȵǵִżʱȻҶ첻ˡ
ҶأĲؿܣߵӰȴΩҶӰ
Ҳ˰ɣƮƮһһ˿ֻ
ţɽüܼˣõģʵġ
ţǺðɣȽȥǰĶ϶кܶö¡Ĳ˵ͷ
˶ڴһλǿߵĶⱾһ󱦲ء
Ҷ죬ǲģߵʵѾﵽʦ߼ڶεĸ֡

¶ʯ񣬲֪˶ٺ۾񷣬ſͣƺڷʵ
Ҷ쾲վʯǰϸ
ʯԱߣһ˸ߵʯ¼һЩϢ
ԭλǰƣϤ֣ҶԼԭ磬ҲһƵӢۣʱ佫ĪԵ֣
Ҷһ̾뵽ԼѾʮŸͷˣвɵһ˿п
ȻǳʣÿҶ쾲ʱ򣬶еЩį
΢һɹ¶Ϣ
ǰʯҶȻһ̲סһ
Ϊơ֣ǰΪλǰʵҶ쾴塣
֨֨Ҷ֮ͻȻʯµĲݴдһϸ΢һڽС
ţҶЩ棬ǰ̽ȥ׼ǿݴԡ
ʱͻȻһɫӰӲݴ֮дܳҶһ
֨֨һƴСĽɫСһԽɫС򣬾ȻԷɵСֻԲԲĴ۾˸ĵĹâ˿ҶգۣСУҧһӵ鼮
Ҷʱ̬һ֣ͬʱһɻСʲô֣ɵģһȫɫ
֨֨Сһ˴ųһ߷ɵҶǰеƲȥ
ң
ҶʱС˼ӹǱӵ鼮Сʵ
˭֪СԣһصͷҷɵҶļϣĲӲ˵ӡ
Ҷǳ棬Ȿӵ鼮ϸ
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Ҷ컹ʧϾҪ似ڹķϸĶȥ۾ԽԽһ𺳺Ϳϲ
ѰѪħѪħ䣡찡ҷˣһ侲Ҷ죬˿Ҳ̲סע⣬Ҫһ
һ˳ȥ׹ҪڣҶҲܵ˵׷ɱ
ⱾƵʺ飬ȴһ󱦲أ׹߶ıء
ڰ˰ǰ׹һλţѪħ
һɨ׹һǴ˴׹ﱱʮ˹νıʮ˹ǱԱߣʮ˸ɵˣ׹֮һ
󣬴׹Ӵţôʮ˹ž͸Ӷˡ
ѪħȴӲѹţΪھͬ
ѪħµĻһ֮սΪʲôǡ֮սΪս˫һǿߣһǿߡ
Ĳ֪࣬Ǽصľ룬Խ
ⳡ֮սĽȴ˴۾ԭλǿߣȻԽնɱ˶֡һ
λǿߣѪħ
ս֮ѪħԶҲΪҲ֣Զ磬뿪˱ʮ˹
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һʱ䣬ʮ˹ӿΪŸѧ߱˴ɱᣬʱ䡣
ƣǴ׹һͨͨǿߣԺѪǣֿҲ
Ƶ츳Ǻܸߣԭ龳磬ļޡܺãоһֻ׶ѰƾѰ˺ϣΪҲһ·ǣﵽ硣
ƸǵõʧġѪħ䡷Ȼ˷ܼʱһλȴʹõѪħ䡷Ϣ©ȥӶһ׷ɱ
ƵΪȻǿ顶Ѫħ䡷ǿ֮ǿ߸кܶ࣬ھ׷ɱ֮Уվ޶
֮ǰԼС磬ҽѪħ䡷УʹЩ׷ɱźȥ
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ϧҶ֮⣬Щǣȫϵ¥͵ϵķ涴ûơ
Ҷţܶ߿϶ʯ񣬵ǶûᣬΪǶһȺ̰ߣԸ
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λǰֽƣ
ЩҶ첻һ£ΪԷ֣ĸпҲʯ
Ͼƶ˵ֻһİˡ
ҶлЩģƵ֮ǰʯһһϣΪơǸˡ
֮Ҷ쿪ʼСĳָķʯҽŵĸھ
һһʯгҶǰʱ֮ɫȲشʯУһĹ顣
Ѫħ䣡
ŹϵѪɫ֣Ҷ켤ĻҪ֪Ȿؼǿ߶ۺı
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Ҷϸط˼£е˷ԽԽŨⱾѪħ䡷һŵؽ׳ڹķȻһŵؽ׳似¼Ѫħڵĸ
ЩһҶ켤˷ܵĿιȥˡ
ؽ似ؽڹķһЩǿ֮УҲ似ڹķˡ
ɣⱾѪħ䡷ټҶǿ츳ĳɾͲ˵ԽѪħҲԲ١


83 ս
պáѪħ䡷Ҷ찴סеľϲС󣬸Ƶʯ
ż͸ŲɣϢҶС󣬴һƬҵĵشһڸɿݵˮԱߡ
֨֨Сǰڸɿݵˮ֨֨š
Ҷʱ¶ɻ֮ɫָָԼıӣȥ
֨֨С˵ͷԸ˴ųŤŤطȥ
Ҷһ£ջǾСΪƾΪѰ󣬲ϣΪһǿߡ
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Ҷžڣָ߶Ԫݺݲʯ֮УȻһһҶ¡
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ĪʲôҶ˲ϲɫ˵Ѱ츳Ƿˡ
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СȥһߴߴҶ졣
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ֻԶӰǾ㵵ؿݾҶ죬ֽĿתǱ·סսʱиһ˿̰֮ɫ
Сӣ·ʲô
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һģֻҶһˣʱ¶һЦݣɭ˹
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СӣǾƲˣҶı仯һЦҲϻֱӳ֣һ˹
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Ҷ״һб貵Ĺâһֱ̤Ӻǳ֣֮͵ԪƵһСɽСľƳųѹȥ
䣡
ǳ֮ƾˣֱӾͱŴˣǱѹѪ磬Ҷһ
Ҷִ˵ʬһЩ
ţҵˣ
ЩʬϣҶ췢һƣһ⡱֣Щҵ
ѹֶʦԭĴңҶһæ鿴һܣûӰɵ˿
Ƭ̣æսСĳڿ첽ȥ
ҶùˣǾȥغսΪ
ңѾõСõĶѪħ䡷ټսѾûаһˡ
˵ջһˡ
֪ĴˣԼѪǳ֪᲻ᱻ

СڴҶȴ˺ܳʱ䣬ֱɫһƬʱţ˿ռѷ죬뿪˴˵ء
ৣ
ǰâһҶ˲俴˺ѪɽϤɽ֣Լµİʯ
˳ˣ
춯֣϶õˣ
ɱ
ͻȻ˷ʮӰԶߣȻǵΪߣȴȻҶ졣
ǺҹҶһճôΧ
Сڸõߣʱʱ̶̿ʯֻҪ˳֣ͻǳȥᡣ
ڣҶһĻ


84 ǳ֮
ߣ

ΧĺԼ̶ĺХҶĿһ䣬âսڵϣչƣӭܳӰ
ΪɫһƬ˶ֻоһ쫷Хűǿ͵Ԫͬоң಻رӿ
һ˲䣬ʮλӰ㱻ҶɳȥԿѪ
ⲻΪҶ̫ˣΪЩ̫ˣϾʦϵΪ϶ͽСˣҲֻһЩʦµߣѡ˵á
ȻҲмʦǿߣҶʦ˼ΪʵѪǶڶεģܹסһƵĲࡣ
ߣ
΢΢ΧںڰеӰҲһץսһ첽ȥ
ֱʧҹɫ֮Уûһٸҳ
ղŵһĻסˣҶ뿪֮ɽ֮д൹

Ǻηʥʵʦ߼ϣ
Щ̫ˣҲ˭ͳȥǰ׳գ

ڰ֮Уٵ
뿪Ѫɽ֮ҶûٻغѪǣǴսѪǵķȥ
εĻѾɣСеıҲõˣںѪѾûбҪ˵Σա
Ҷսһ·ǰУսǳأÿһʱ䣬ҪϢƬָ̻Ԫս
ֵһǣּѵǰУȴһַǳõĥҶܹоԼΪڼţؾʦżҲԶˡ
Ҫ֪Ҷڲǰʦ˼ٶϹ˵۾
ҶԭΪսʱ޿̵Ҷ챳սôЩӵȻҲһֱˣٶȡ
Ҷһ·ųصսصѪǣʱѾȥˣ³Ƕǰϻˡ
Ͼս̫ˣҶ챳ٶȻҲǿ·
ʵҶ뿪СѾС緭ĺѪǳѪǳԼĴ뿪ˡ
ǰһˣֻõһЩĵҩ似ؼЩͨ˵Ǻ󣬵Ĵϡ
ȻѪǳѪǳǿϵģǱϾȲĴ壬һЩ似Ƿǳ˷ܡ
ѪǳصѪǺ󣬱ĴѰҶ죬Ҷʼûг֣úܶ˵Ĳѡ
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ʱѾսѪĳطϾǵȱѱѪǳ죬ǲΪ
ҪǣҶҲòǼҲá
Сˣ궼ȥˣţɽҶ죬ֵһ£Цݡ
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ʧ˰̤꣬ʦ˼ٶȻˣҲܹܡ
Ҷ뵽
˻صѪӪҶйȥˣͬеĻԴλǧ򳤡
λǧݣҶµʲô·ˡ
Ѫ´ϷҶλǧ档Ҷ⣬˶һ࣬Ҳһ
Ҷ죡
Ҷɻ֮ʱ˵ˡ
Ӧýʦ˼˰ɣȻҶΪڴʵ
˻
ʱΧǧ򳤵һԲŵؿҶ졣
Ҷ˵ͷûзϣڵʵܹвҲΨѪǳˣǲغ±˶ɱˡ
ͷϵЦݸˣǧǸݲһ
Դϲ𺳣ĲţɽҲһƮƮһ˿ʺ;ηѪɫӣо壬Ľһ˿ʡ
ܺãȻûʧгϲɫ͵ص˵ͷ
Ҷ죬ǵҸ˵ʱ򣬻иϲȴ㣡ԴһЦ
Ҷʱ𵱳뿪Ѫ֮ǰԴ˵Ļϲɵ¶һ˿ɻ֮ɫ
ɻı飬΢΢һЦӻȡһɫƣ֡ǳ
ǣҶɻؿǰеһ˿Ϥ͵һŵʬеõЩơ
ǳ֮ŴƵߣлμŵŵӿˣֻҪܹͨˣΪŵŵӣ˵һ˿䣬һ˿ˡ
Ҷ𾪣ЩɳţӦƷɣҪİϼ
ˣܹ˵ǰʮֱӳΪŵŵӣֿŶʥأԴĽؿҶ졣
ȥμˣҶǿˣЩϲʵ
㻹˭
ţɽҶһۣ̾й涨Ψʮ£ﵽʦ߼ϵΪܲμӿˡʸţѪֻһ
ҶСӣѪ߳ȥţǧѪǶѪһҪš㽫ǿߣҲΪ⣡Դ֣ص˵
ǰѪСǣʷ϶ûгһλǿߣ˱Ѫǵ߳Цܲϴˢ裬ͿСˡĲҲ˵ͷ
ѪѪǲ˶٣ǺѪȴһλǿƣһֱúѪѪǰЩԽС
ڼ׾ҲһѪѪļǧ򳤷ǳˬ
κò׳Ҷţλǧ򳤣ѪǳԼѪͳҶ
ˣѪǸҲμӣʱҪСĵ㡣ͻȻѵ
ԣǸ25ĺѪǵһţʦ߼ôҶĶ֡Դɻ
֪κԪСеõٱԸӦûṺһЩϵԵΪʦ˼ʦż


85 ʦż
˻
λǧԶһ
ҶĿ˸һ£û˿η֮ɫǳšڣɿ죬ѾҪʦżˣʱƾŵ⣬Կʦʮǿߡ
ͳ죬ȻѪǳôǳѵûʲôʾ𣿡Ĳüʵ
˵ҪԽ̵Ҷ£ʱǰɽμŵĿˣһԵѪƵ˵ҶĿһ˿ĽҲֻżõѪ껵ָ㡣
λǧԣĽؿҶ졣
СˣչأǺָ˵ģԴп
λǧ򳤽ǵͷĽ֮ɫ龳ǿߣܹõָ㣬ΪȻһǧ
ҶҲ˷ܣ龳һƬģܹõָ㣬պ龳Ҳ˳㡣
ˣոջȥϢɣٴȥ˰֣ǳ֮Ҷ졣
Ҷϲɫؽӹǳ֮Ȼ󹧾һתȥ

ڿԽЩˣ֪ʲôӣ
صеҶ죬˷ܵһȭͷг˼֮ɫ
ΪѪһڶεˣҲˣٴȻûбҪˡ
ûǳ֮Ҳ뿪Ѫǣʼǰǿĳǳء
ֹ֮·ŸոտʼֻвϵľܵõѪѾʺˡ
Ҷ찲סеļպǳ֮Ȼӻȡһӵ鼮ĿȵؿȥѪħ䡷
Ѫħڹķǵؽ׳ţҲǶεڹķҶ˫ʢ˷ܣڹķȼԽߣٶȱԽ죬ӵɫ꣬˫֮£ٶظӾˡ
ûж룬΢΢һ£Ҷ쿪ʼϸĶȻסеҪ۾ʼ
ÿһ߶ֻһڹķѪħʱҶҲͽħսˡ
תķԪҶڣЩԪͷųѪ֪ԪѪħԪת䡣
ѪħԪûкħսִЧԪĹǳǿͬԪѪħԪĹǿħԪ̫ˡ
ңҶ컹ط֣ѪħԪɱ¾ϢȻɱ¾ЩϡһʹѪħԪ߶⣬ӵǿ
ķ֣Ҷ첻ϲ֣һֱǿƣܹǿǴǿʵ
ż飬Ҷȫ߶Ѫħ䣬ʼڵԪ
ȥ֮ҶϿʼѪɫâ˶С
ҶڣһɻѪɫԪ鲼ʮȫ¡
һɷڵѪϻ
һ־˵ƣѪħ֮ǰҪǿ౶
ʦżҶ컺˫иһĨ˷ܣǵؽ׳ڹķתԪͻƿʦż
ѹЩƴҲҪڹķԭߵȼڹķЧǿ
ʵҶ첻֪ܹôͻƿкܶصģѪħģɫ㲻Ѫħ֮¡
ֻǴ˿̵Ҷ죬ͻƵľϲ֮ɫû̫ࡣ
ƽϢһ¼֮ҶۿѪħ䣬ûмϾŸոͻƣҲûжЧ
ʼۿѪħеݣŵؽ׳ĵĶ˻ȡ
ǳ֮׳似ǰǿôǳ֮һε似¸Ӿˡ
ڴĿ⣬Ҷ쿪ʼϸۿŵ
Ѫն׳似ΨѪħԪԴ߶Ϊȼ硭ҿҶ쿴꿪ͷһݣʱһĶģ⵶Ҫʱֻܿ۲ˡ
׼ܿͻָˡϾǳֶ֮Ϊƣοǵؽ׵似ԭΪҪ龳ֻû뵽ΪôߣҪ
ǣһ㣬ҶҲܹܵ似ǿг˼ͬʱּΪĳ嶯
Ҷ쿪ʼۿѪħ¼ĵһͲˣʱĴڡ
˻ԭҲáҶѪħ¼ĵɣ·һµĵ·
֪һҹȥˣҶȻϸѪħ䣬˽컹Ҫȥָ
ֱúĽŽҶ컽ˡ
ţʱô죬ˣ˿̫ҶһȻڹۿѪħʱʶʱĴڣ·Źȥһת۵ʱ䡣
Ҷ죬㻹𴲣ҵˣǲǲѪˣҷҵĸӣĽ⴫
ҶЦһ£컹Ҫȥ˿ɫⶼˣͳȼˡ
Ҵϴһ£Ҷţ㿴һŭ裬һ˫Ĵ۾
Ҷ챻ЩΣæڨڨɫˣǻǸϽȥ
㻹֪ҵԴ
ֱǺӶʨ
Ҷڨڨεͷ

ѪӪſڣҶ쿴ѾȺڴ˵ʱæȥ
СӸҵôãǲƤˡҶʱЦЦסˡ
ʦż
ɴ۾Ҷ졣
ҶЦŵͷողͻƵģԵһЩʱ䡣
ĺðСһת۾ͽʦżˡҪ˶ãСӶܳԽˡ˷ܵЦ
ҶǫЦЦ
Աߵɴ۾֮ɫʦżһٶô죿
ӵһοҶĲмٵľȡ𾪡ΣѾҶԼȽˣΪֺҶ츳ֱҴ
Ե÷ǳ˷ܣҶԼҪ˷ܣЦΪټϳָһܹšסڳָ£ǧҪ͵
ǣҶæͷ
ţ߰ɣؿҶһۣںߵŬ֪ģҲ͵
һ·Ҷųȥ
ԼյĹȥҶ㿴ΰĳйһȣںɽһƬʯ֮УǼ˳Ѫ껡
СˣһѪ껵ĿޱȣɨҶϣоȫ¶͸һ
ҶڨڨһЦԴ֪λش
һԵЦСΪոսʦżԵһ
𣿲
Ѫ껵ص˵ͷΪȻͿҶΪ


86 սʶ
ʯеԲľʯ棬ҶѪ껱˴ϥӡ
ǰյϢǵĶϵκԪˣԣҲûжϵˡãƾԼ츳ʦżΪ൹ҲǺܴ󡣡Ѫ껵˵
ҶѪ֮ǰҲڰչϵвɵһжϧǸĺѪǳȻϵչˣź
Ҷûж⣬ѾʦżŵĿ˻һʱ䣬ʱ䣬㹻ʦʮ
Ҷ쵭Ȼı飬Ѫһ˿ͣ˵ͷ˵Ϊ棬ֻܿԼˣ㽲һЩͻ龳ľ飬Լָսɡ
ӽ쿪ʼÿ磬һ㽲ͻ龳ľ顣磬һʹͬΪսĥսɡ
Ѫ˵꿴Ҷ졣
Ҷͻ龳ľ飬ҪģһѪսĥɣĻ
ˣǿʼɣȸ㽲һʲô龳硭Ѫ껱۾ʼҶ콲龳硣
Ҷϸ۾ԽԽͨѪ껵Ľ⣬·𿴵Լǰһµš
飬һľ磬߿Խɽ𵤣屶ֱֹͬɡ
ң龳ߣ̤նУһռ
ʦߣʦʮǿߣ龳ǿǰǴޱȣӤһ㣬һ
Ѫ껵ĿУҶ̸ܵ龳ǿߵͨԼص
֮龳磬֮·һżֻпżܲĵá

ʱڲ֪ţܿ͵磬ҶԹ緹֮󣬱ϵ˳
ɽʯ֮УѪѾһװڵˡ
ʼɣ˵֮⣬ȫʵңѪ껵ؿҶһۣ˫֣һƻ
Ҷ˵ͷصؿѪ껣һȻͺһһڰдŵӰ
ͬǴԲıƣҶʦż֮ʩչֱ춯أһʱռ䶼಻Ӱ
ȻѪû˿飬ָһ㣬ȥһС
似Ǳ߾磬ϧٺõ似ҲҪʱ˵Ѫ껵˵ȥ֮󣬲ûͣǼһָҶ졣
ҶͫһȻѪֻƮƮһָǳƽȴܵһΣյϢǾ޴ѹԼѹȣоһϢ
ѪӰʮնҶ̲ס𣬰γϵѪ㳯ѪȥµѪɫâн֯һŹѪ˶
ҶţһѪ껱ض޷㣬ֻӲƴ
ϧһ̣Ҷȴɴ۾š
ֻѪ껵ӣһ㣬ж֪ʲôʱѾҶǰԶյָâҶѪ֮ϡ
ʱҶоѪܵ޴ֱɡڵԪһӿ޷ټѪʹòʩչһѪӰʮնڰ;ֹͣ
Ҷ죬Ҳܵ˾޴ķɣһѪɳȥ
ôܣҶһƨڵϣɻ𾪣ôҲ벻ѪӰʮնȻᱻϣӶɷɡ
ͬʵѪѹΪֻƾżɺ;飬֮
ҶоһܵǰδеĴ
ʲôѪǵһţֱǹƨ
ҶؿѪ껣⡣
ǰ͸˵ˣʲôʽҪ׼ʱٳ֣ͬʱҲҪԼ͵˵ڹ˵ʱԼ
һΪѸȻϿʲôãֻҪǸ֣ܿóĸȡҪ֪ʦżǿߣǿżʮģǵսɾսĥ
ˣȻȥúɣң
Ѫ껵˵Ȼתȥ
ҶЩʧǵ뿪˳

ޱȳصĴ
ҶһθоԼ˵СǰֻΪֻΪǿѣڣȴԼ뷨˵ĿЦ
ͬΪһоܻ˫ȫһ档
ִҶһθܵвɵ÷ʡ
սɡԣսʶҶȻ۾һ
ǰǻĹǿֱֱеĸǿҪıսʶƾҲ侲ĿʶճΪǿؼսʿ
ǣԽ֮󣬽Ӵݴ½ߵǿЩǿ似ʧ˱ģȴսʶ
Щ꣬ҹֵ׷ǿ似ȴˣЩ似ҲǰǸսɣһġ
ԣΪģ似սʶֻսʶ£似ܷӳǿ
Ҷ찵뵽ԽʢЩȲѪ껵ıˡ
ʵҶսʶûʧֻغ˶ѡ죬Ѫ껵֮£ǿҵսʶعˡ
ȻҶڵΪûһ㣬ʵ˺ܶࡣ
ΪʱҶѾɱ䣡

磬ҶϥһԲľʯ棬ȴѪ껵ĵ
ãһŲҶ̧ͷȥһװѪѾǰ
ϣ㲻ҪʧѪ껵˵漴Ҷ죬˹ָ֮ɫ
Ҷû˵ѪֱָѪ껣еĵһ
ѪһжȻһѹ־ȣɣһϵʱ䣬Сˣ
ৣ
Ѫ껾ȵʱҶѾ׼ʱһ
ֻͨһѪӰʮնҲѪҶҲΪҶǲ֪ùһˡ
ɱҶĿ⣬ɱ⣬еѪ·һ㣬գ죬һ˵ơ
Сӣ
Ѫʱһ䣬ڸܵҶı仯м𾪣Ǿϲ
¡¡
Ѹټһ𣬷֮Χʯֶһ
ʱš
գҶ컹ǰˣףΪһϰвŰܸѪ껵ġ
һУϰУѪ껣Ҳò̾Ҷֱǿ¡
ֻҶԼ֪ǰսĥսʶֻǰ߸ûݴ½ֿµսʶջѪ껡
ҶҲкܴջܹܵԼĽֻҪʱ䣬սʶӵǿ󣬳ᳬԽѪ껵ġ
Сӣ쵽ΪֹĽܴ󣬲ҪҪ֪飬ֿСӵ·ԶأѪ˵꣬㽫Ҷˡ
ҶȥıӰѪ껰ĨһѶͷĺˮµ˵ҲҪһ²¼һУû뵽һʱˣǼһﲻڣȻ涼ˡ


87 ;
ʱţתۼ
Ѫµָ֮£Ҷ٣˵Ϊﵽʦż۷壬սʶǳԽѪ껡
ͬΪսѪҲҶĶ֡
˵Ҷ컹еơ
˵Ҷʵǰǿ౶Ѫ껵˵Ҷڵʵ֮Ҳ٣Ȱ벽顣
ҶڲʦżﵽʦʮΪôпܳΪǿʦҲ֮µһˡ
Ҷ죬ѾûʲôԽˣ·ҪԼˡϣһο㣬ѾˡѪοؿǰѪ꣬г͡
̶µദҶ챬츳Ѫ껾̾߶϶õĽҶؽ׹
Ҷ칧һŵģһʧģ
ãܹõģһݴ׹ϸͼҲҵɽѪص˵ͷȻӻȡһźľֽݸҶ졣
Ҷ۾һæϲؽӹͼǺöͼͿ߱׹Ҳõ·
ٴΰлѪ껣Ҷŵͼ뿪˳
죬ҶѪеֵܡѡһһ
Ҳ֪ҶҪȥμŵĿˣһͨˣ¼꣬ʮ궼ˣԷǳĲᡣ
Ѫľ¥֮УҶλһ
ȵ峿ʱȴҶѾˡ漴һ̾ĬȻ
ѪǵĳǽϣһɫĽ趯ңңԶʧɽ֮еѪꡣ
裬ȥɣǲһˡѪǣֻеһ̨ͣڴ׹ݴ½һ̾ļ
ҧ촽ҶʧķЩȻʧ֪Ϊʲôһ뵽ܾöСˣоЩʹ·ʧȥʲô

ڵҹգԲ¸¹⣬ء
ɭ֮УӯšԱһѪ꣬ɣеĳУ췱ǵҹճ
Ҷ뿪ѪѾаˣΪսǲУٶȺʱҶҲԶˡ
ĻеУǸսĳߴɣڸսĹâ
Ͼһ벻עĿѣҶֲɵӡ
ˡҶţһɽ֮УҪЩͷܻˣ׼úúͼ˾һ¡
֨֨
СҶĻ˳˴ų򣬷ɵҶͷ£ȻҲѧҶӣ̧ͷ췱ǡ
Ҷ췭˷ۣקСβͣһԡ
֨֨
СʱŭҶ죬ʾһСȭͷ

֮һϤСǣҶǰ
Ҷǣ
ͨСǣȴϤζҶƽڳУҶǵĳ
ãҶɡҶ桢˸ӭҶҡ
С죬ãˣһ˺úþһۡҶЦ˵
Ҷ쿴ΧˣҶҵı仯ܴ󣬴ԭȵĴׯڵĳǳءңҶһ˼λʦǿߡ
ⶼĽ
ҶҶҵӵУ˳ݡ𾴡ĽȵĿ⡣
ӣҶ춼ƽ֮жɹǰŰʦѧյ飬ҲҶҸ߲㡣
Ȼᣬ֪Ǻ£Բûֹ
Ҷ죬Ҳʱ䣬úõһ¸ĸԴӼѪһ֮УҲûжڸĸߡ
ţԺӾ͸ˡ
žžžžžžž
һ󻶿žУҶǵľӭ꣬ҶҲһ꣬ﵽ˶ʮꡣ
ʱҶ죬ѾӰȡ֮ϵâ
ʮҶǣڻֵ֮С

ѩƮϢ˴أ׵ѩ磬һȫס
Ĺٵ棬һѪ꣬һεĴУͷ󺹵ţ·һȫ£졣
뿪ҶǵҶ죬ʱսÿһ·𱳸֮󣬵涼һ
˵оȻò·˺Ŀ⣬Ҷ첻ܲˣȻǰС
䣡
ڣҶֲסзڵϣֱ棬ʼϢ
ˣЧȷܺãҶڴϢţȻۣȴϲ
ÿÿʱشսʹҶٶȸӿˣΪҲ͸ˡңڷս֮ӶȻһᣬоٶȶǿࡣ
ǰĸѵһЧһĺá
ңÿξƣ֮ҶѸٻָΪԪࡣ
ȻûнʦʮԪȴһҲʦʮٶ١
Լʱ֮ҶһԪָȫӣоһţʼǰСǡ
˵СǣΪǳرѪǻҪС࣬ҶǿһЩ
Ѫ껸ĵͼҶ֪ǰСǽǡԪһλ벽顣
ǲ˿ȴ࣬Ѫǵ˻ҪࡣΪ￿ɽӶǰðյߣԼڵѪˡ
Ҷ챳ŴУȺ֮УһΧǵۣЩ˶̸ļҵľ¥ңһ¥Ů˹ζʲôǿޡ
յͼļ¼ǱɽھŵĿ˻аʱ䣬Ҿɽ֮ȽʦʮǰɽμӿˣҶ찵뵽
ȻûмŵĿˣҲµ϶򵥣ʵǿ㣬ɸаհš
ҶһмƻˣͷԵܵɽȻȴˡ
ˣɽ֮ĥһ˵һջ

˼ҿջҶסԹ֮зڴϣȻϥ棬ʼ
ѪħתҶë״ţһɹɾ˷ӿֳʵĸо̲ס
ϵƣһɨڵԪҲǿ࣬Ҷ쿪ʼԴͨһѨ
ʱڵѨѾͨٶ췱һ
ֻҪٴͨʮѨҾܽʦʮˣһҶѪɫԪʼһѨȥ
̺ҺСģһֱҶ춼СسţȻûдͨѨȴҲ
žҹţ峿⴩ķ϶ʱҶ컺˫һĨĿ⣬˫Ŀ֮м
ҶĺƽȣӿֳĵѪɫâʼɢ
ͽɽ˵鼶ǿޣ֪ǲģ
Ҷϸһ˿ڴ
Ҵϴ֮Ҷ챳У뿪˿ջ


88 
𣡡
ޱߵ֮УͻȻһ޺漴һȻһȳϢײ˼òݺɭеһƬյϡ
һͷʦʮǿޣҲɽеһԣȴϢήңϲѪܵĵۣǣѪͬСϪһ
޷ŭصһ۴Ӻɽ֮߳Ѫ꣬ʵص˵ϣʧȥ
㲻õ⣬ҵʵҲ벽ˣŵڵϵľ޴ޣѪ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ɽ֮дһ£ҶѾԼʵﵽʲôز˵鼶֮£ѾĶˡ
ȻҪ˵֮µһˣҶڻûаգϾֿô˭֪ʲôš
ŶԽ˽⣬ҶԽҽ

ҹ췱ǣ¹⣬ɽ
һò֮ϣҶ콫кִ֮ϣȻϥ棬ʼ
µʵʣµʮѨѾͨ
ڣ赲ҶʦʮģֻʣľŸѨˡ
ৣ
ȻҶһ֮ӣĿ֮УһӰӲԶɽ֮мͣڵĴ档
벽飡ҶͫһЩȵؿǵӰ
һӣżĵ̣ĸߴ󣬻һǣͬһɢһǿϢ
Ҷû뵽￴һ벽ǿߣǿߣǣҲָ֮ɡ
СĵرסϢҶϸ۲Ǹӡ
ʱԶɽ֮УһӰ˵Ϣ˵˺ܶ࣬Լʦ弶ҡ
˼Ҷµ˿϶ʶ
Ȼ洫ĶԻ֤ҶĲ²⡣
壬õˣ鷳ˣһ꣬ԼʮӣģӢֻһ˫а۾͸ɭĿ⡣
ֶʲôӹЦ
ǺǣǶãˣ壬ǿ޸𣿡Ц
ţˣҼǵƬһͷʦʮǿޣֻǽ˺ܾöûҵ·ʧһ֣˵ţһ˿ɻ
ҶԣǰһЦͷʦʮ޶Ѿ׵ˡ
ʧˣʲôֵģɽޱߣ˭֪Щ޻ߵȥңжֶضȻüͷһ壬漴ںЦҪ֪Ķһ벽飬ǶŽǰ塣
Ǻǣ˵Ĳڣ鼶ޣȻûܹ˺㡣СӻôΪǸŮˣֵǲģǱ㸸֪ٲһٺᡣ˵ϲŮˣֱǿϾˡӺɷֻҪ񣬶أʲôŮ˲ϵģ
ӵĻõôҶЦ
񣬶أðĻҶ찵Цѡ
洫Ļ壬֪ôɲȫΪŮˡѾŮߵŮдһϢ˵ԪЩõʮŶϵŮУܹõҲȴһЩޡ
ԭˣԻȻЦ˵ãֶΣѦҲˡŮ˹⽫Ϊ˽ɽе޺㣬õЩϵ֮Ůá
ģŮ˵˼һҵõʮŶϵٽһ¥ɭЦ
ˣȥɣһᰵб㣡
л壡

ӰȥҶ죬°ͣ˳˼
ʮŶϵҶһ˿ȣȻſޣһܹʦʮʮŶϵϾܽʦʮ
һҪһʱ䣬һϵõ
ôѡҶѾ˴𰸣

峿ġ
žɽ֮УһӰٶ˵һ˫˫˫Ŀϵܵɽɨӡһߣսʱ׼Ӧͻ
ڶ֮Уһɫ꣬ŸͷʱɨԱһһۣϸһ˿Ц
һ£
Ȼһ֮Уһȡ
ͷȥ漴𣺡ôС㣬Ҫϲʱ֮ǰ㲻Ǹոսһ𣿡
ߣҽҲһߣ֮ڣ߳һӰüĿ㣬ݣ޳ѩףͬҡҷٻӰ
ҵȻûǹСİȫϾɽǿµޡ국Ц
ûͺãѦ죬Ǻ£ȫȻȥǱСŮɨһ£ȻŲԶһïܵĲݴȥ
󣬻Ůѷ硣
ߣӣҵõʮųϵʱÿ꿴ȥıӰһЦ֮ɫ
ïܵĲݴ֮Сӣȴûн֣ǴӻȡһЩɫĩڲݵϡ
֣С˵ⶫǿޣΪʲôֻһЩʦµޱѵƬһʦ޶ûУСһŰɫĩһüͷ⡣
¶ˣȷûʦϵޣͻȻһͳӰ
˭ءСʱʧɫոתӣ㱻˴סͣҲ
С㣿ûв´ǳԪǧǰɡҶһֱֻסС㣬һֻסӣС죬Ƿһ˿Цݡ
ء֣Ҷ죬շ
Ҷ״ЦҪ£Ҷûж⣬ûҪϻ
Ŀ˸£ҲʶԼҲûã侲һ˫۾ɻҶ죬ƺʣʲô飿
ǺǣղŲΪʲô޷۲һЩʦϵҸ㣬¶ˣƬ򣬵ȷһʦϵ޶ûСҶЦ
ؿҶ죬ǲҶĻϾѡȻ̽ˣ֪кܶǿޡ
Ҫң˵꣬ˡҶҲ⣬¼˵֮ǰȷкܶǿޣǾ죬Ѿһ벽鼶ǿ߸ˡ˵λ벽ǿߣӦʶǸĶ塣
ͫһĿ֮г˲ţϸһ˿ҵı顣
Ǻǣ˰ɣЩСѾߵǸ귢ˣˣ㣡ɫ磬Ҷͬؿһۡ
ءգԼҶʾ⡣
ſҲУ¶ңûʲôôҶ״Ȼµ˼΢΢һЦſ͡


89 
˭
ĵһ仰֮һ˿裬ЩɻؿҶ죺Щô֪ģ
ؿƽҶ죬侲
Ҷ΢΢͵ؿһۣŮ˵ЩС£Ѹ侲˵
˭ҪҪڵĴҶЦЦ˵ߵǸıҾͶߵǿô棬ûзңԱȫˡ
Ѧ죬˵Ǹ벽ӦþѦۣĶ壬ѦĿǰǿļ壡һصҶ죬㲻Ե޹˵ɣ㵽ʲôĿģ
ûʲôĿģֻʽףҶԵЦ
ףһ˿ЦѦĿһΪʮŶϵɣ
ʹ˵ʹ죬ֻҪʮŶϵұؼң֤޷˺㣬ΣҶЦ
ܣԣȴֱӾܾ
ţҶ۾һУǰŮĿдһ˿в
ηӣ˵Ѿ˥ܣһȥҲĶֽ֣׶ûκκô
ŶҶȻԭˣ¼ҲԴ뿪ȥȥĵط
Ҷ컹û˵꣬㱻ϡ
˵ˣһ¼ˣһһȣ˵
Ҷ찵һ£Ů˵ǲʱ򻹲Ըˣü˼⽻ûˣ
ҲȻգһһ˿ɱ⣬ɭֻҪɱѦ죬ұ㽫ʮŶϵ㡣
Ҷһ漴磬ôƺҲûʲôôɱѦ죬ѦҹȻ׷ɱңҲ˷Źҡ
Ͳ£ҵĽױˣ㰮絭˵š
ҶԥƬ̣ջǵֵסʮŶϵջ󣬵˵ͷãͬˣñˣʲôܹɱѦ죬Ҳɱ㡣
һ˿вĿ⿴һۣҶȻȥʧɽ֮С
С㣬ҪҪǰӪկְͻȻԶѦЦ
ؿһҶʧķ򣬰ϣûпˣƻܹɹһһĻᡣ
Һˣ
һӣɫȻ߳ݴԡ

ҹɽ¹⣬䣬췱ǣҫĿһƬ財
޴ȵĻ棬ԶʮѲߡ
ڶģƻ͸ҫʵĹâ
üΪܵӪأԶһôҶ죬Сع۲ţûмڳ֡
ֻҪҳֿ㣬ǼһӦò֣ᷢϣҶȻɨ˲Զһͬľһۣǿþ棬ԼԼһӰ
ǼһֻעΧޣ벻˶ֶ֣ٺ٣Ҷ컺ջĿ⣬Ŵ£Ȼ󷭹ӣһïܵĲݴ֮С
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ղųǸգգ۾һЦ֮ɫ
ɣҿǸѵ֮ãһĿɿڴ
ڲݴ֮еҶ˿漴оģǸѦ컹һͬԣӦ˫ȻôȤ
ʱѾߵǰֽ˽ҪС㣬ҶʱüҪɧζ
ֵܣѵûǸƤܰҸղûдӦŮװ
ԭˣţƣ椵ʱ򻹸͵ȣͲС㷢֣
ٺ٣
ৣ
һĵ˸׼ˮߵɴ۾̧ԼĺֻһƬѪȻ˵ϡ
ݴ֮УҶȻɨ˲ԶӪһۣһ˵·ͷӪء
ιղСŲǺһȥˮأҶӪصʱ򣬱һ
Ҷйâһ侲֮ɫɳƵ𣺡ڴ㣡˵꣬͵ͷȥ
㣿СĪֳԻˣôʲôǸߺֵغһһѲȥˡ

ţ
š
ѦڵԱߣҶСĵؿ˿ܣֲûκӰ׼롣ҲʱһЩ
СӡҶһЦΪˣȻѦʲôҲ˿ϾѦµʱ򣬿϶ûжپ衣
ԼҶǷһ˿ɭ䣬ƿ˽ȥ
ڣ߰׻壬һǲϵؾţصĴϢںڰ֮
ǲûע⵽һİˣȻڷš
ͣ
ͻȻһĨ֣ڰ֮УҶеѪֱӳ׻ȥֻһһŨصѪϢ㴫˹
ͬʱ֮ǰǴصĴϢҲȻֹ
ͣҶüͷһ£æѪһȷû˵ʱ򣬲Ȼ˳ȥ
ȵתʱҶʧɽ֮С
峿һֱļӪ֮д𶯸ɽ֡
ڸһôѦۣҲɵ۾ɻؿӪء
ӪʱһƬңһЩߴ𣺡
߶Χ˹
СˣѦͫһ˼æ˳ȥͬһͷӥӪ֮С
ʲôˣ
д̿ͣ
̿ͻûߣ
Ȼ˴Ӫأ߷׷״ʧɫæγɱ
ЩѦ۴ʱļѦ찲ΣЩûϳԼŭһƺɨȥնɱʮˡ
Ƕү
үС飡
ЩæģѦᣬֱߵѦǰƿͷȥ
ţڵȾѪĳʱѦͫٶһţͬʱһĨŰ֮ɫϸ֡
ԱߣѾ磬Ҳڴʱʬ壬ɵһȻ漴ƺ뵽ʲôһ˿֮ɫ
˭ҵģ
Ѧŭţ׺ݵĿ⣬Χһɨ䵽ϡ
ӣѦгɱǿƣѹȵɫһס
ңҲʦһûʵɱлңȴ侲ηֱѦۣ˵
ȻѦʲôҲܣֱӶ֣һֱ
ʱݱɫһҡ


90 ҩ
Ĳģ
ѦۺԥɱԱ߶ȥҼ
ס֣ҵĻ֣Ѧۡ
Ѧһ˿м֮նɱ⼸Ȼ磬ĿиЦӣǲģֻҪһ㣬͵ɱһˣҲһ
ɶ񣡡ɫұ䣬ôҲ벻Ѧôѹǰ˶˵Ѧҵ϶ˡ
УҲѸٳŲݴﱼڶȥ
Ѧ۽Цţƺɱ磬Ҫĥ
ܵùѦִۣ֮䣬סˤ˵ϡӱȥϣ̵ͦķΣջǱ֮䣬һζ
С椣û뵽ĲѹֶֻͻȻıˣɱ֮ǰˬһΣٺ٣Ѧиһ˿ȵĹâɵЦȥ
åʱˣκŮʱ򣬶޷򶨡
ٺ٣ƺûáѦЦ̽Ľ
𣿡
ڴʱһĮȻһѪɫâѦֱ
ʲôˣѦ۲ǰ벽飬ɫһ䣬תһӭȥҵĵâһ𣬷̶ĺ֮
һѪ꼤Ѧ۵ǰ
㣡ҵ磬Ӱʱϲ
Ҷ쵭ؿһۣ׻ûɣɲ
ô˵ɱֶˣѦۺҶĵâ۾һɣͺһӱ
ҶֱӳϣûзҾѪӭȥ
âڰб䣬ɢҵĹâѦ۷Ӧ죬ٵ񵲣Ǳһ˿ɨУͷһЩ˿նϡ
ʦżȻôǿʵμŵĿˣΪҪɱֶ΢΢Ƴһ۵ķ˿Ѧͫһиһ˿𾪣̶ʵ
ֿǾɽȻҲ֪յӡҶᣬʵ֮ǿǿ϶ȥμӿ˵ġ
ûбҪѦҲһǿߡ
ܼ򵥣ʮŶϵɱֶҶ쵭һЦֵɱûʹκεÿһȴǳɱѦ۽ڽڰˡ
ӣѦԺ޺޵صһԱߵ磬ȻĿ⿴Ҷ죬ЦëСӣȻôͱȥμŵĿˡ
Ҿ㿴ʦż벽Ĳ࣡
һѦԪǣһɻƱ߸߾𳤵һ£ǿԪ˳ҵĹâһɳĵâɱҶ졣
ǰ벽飡
ڱȫѦۣҶ¶һ˿˷ܣǿսʵҲȫ֡
СӣҪΪ츳˲ûгɳţȻߣѦЦҶĿг˷ܵɱ⣬ܹնɱһţЩ鲻Խؼˡ
ۿųѦۣҶ¶֮ɫѪ貵ĹâͺȵѪӰʮն
䣡
δ䣬ʮ貵Ѫɫâڰн֯һŹųѦ۸Ƕȥ
ƽ׶似û𣬺ߣѦһȴǳأֻ˫յٽʱһ
â壡
ѦһһɳҵĹâڱһ貵񵶣УâҶҫۣ˹
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⻹ǵһƾȥѪӰʮնѦһޱҫĿǳ磬ҶЩ
֪һûֵؼҶ쿪ʼ˼Ŀ˸֮䣬ǳ֮Ѿ޴ƣͬһɽѩѹȥ
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ѦֻоնȻһɳصѹ˫ȶڲؼʱ̣ҧһ𣬱еԪ
ͬһ̫һ㣬ѦȫâɣԪſһ޴ķȦ
ʱеľ޴ƣҲ͵ؽ٣һɰѦһ˵ϡ
䣡
ľ֮ΧĴһܵĲһÿ𵹡

һԹս粻ӱһֻĸ첲§סԶ
һ̧ͷһݣɵСһ죬ŨϢһ˲
Ƭ֮Ҷ챧һͣסӣңңǱǳֺ֮Ƶĵ档
𣿡һߵ
ҶƳ˻ͨļһۣæɿ벽鲻ôȥ
䣡
ҶĻ£Զ֮УһӰԶɽַɱȥ
ˣ羪ϳ˾Ѧۡ
ҶҲˣûȥ׷Ϊ׷Ҳ׷ϡ
Ѧ˵ĺأҪߣƾʱҶ컹Ͼһս֮ҶҲ˲Ԫ
Ҷʦʮնɱ벽飬߷ʹõ⣬ҲпɱѦۡ
ϾҪμŵĿˣҶҪһЩƣϾӵе⣬ҲֻѪеļ֪˸֪ơ
οҶĿǾ磬ȻõʮŶϵѦ۵ûں˵ţµʱѦҶҶԸ
ˣǵĽˣʮŶϵأҶջĿ⣬Щȵؿ磬ֻҪЩϵϾܽʦʮˡ
ȵһ£ԣϸһ˿κ죬ߵؿҶһۣȻܵһزݴԺ档
ҶüҲߣվԭأĵصȴ
Ƭ֮ҶͿһɫӲݴ˳ӸҶһСƿ
Ҷ˹ӳ鶯һ£ƿϴһŮҵ㡣
Ϲʲô״ҶһۣɫˣҪ֪ƿǱ˽ߴġ
ҶΪˣ飬Щ²⣬ɵһ죬ڨڨЦȻ׽ˣǾʹ˷ֱɣȥóϵʦʮˡ
ιҶô죿ԶʱˣҪ֪ɽһһʦѱʲôΣա
ҵЩǱѦɱˣˡ
ҶüƬ̣վ̾һ߰ɣҽʦʮ֮󣬾ȥ˵գǰȥ
иһ˿Цݣæȥ
ôʦżˣ
ιˣ
ʲô
һ·ϣߴߴʸûꡣ
Ҷ޿̣һұ죡
У˵Ͳ˵ʲôףƲƲ졣
£Ҷ㰲ˡ
ԼһСʱ֮һɽס˽ȥ


91 һɵ
ïܵɽ֣ǳİżмֻŰһжһߣȫͬķΣȻǳͬһ
ɽΧܿ߶飬Ǵڴ֮УƺѰʲô
Ѿ߲ˣѦڵȴǳȥһþϣվӰҶ硣
ʱҶ죬üĿ罣һǿϢԵ綼оһ˿ֲѹȸС
ʦʮ
ڷʮŶϵ֮ҶԸԳؽʦʮ
ͻ֮Ҷ첢׼ǣһ·ϣȴߴѦѰ
ѦҿɻʲôǿߣԶǼԶȥѦҶѯʵ
ѦǿߣһǱܵѦۣ벽顣һѦĸףҲѦҵļѦҲǰ벽飬˵һֱڱչͻ飬֪ûͻơϸһĨ֮ɫʵϣѾ²ˡ
Ҷԣüͷһ壬漴ԶѦһЦǲͻˣץһʾ֪ˡ
䣬֮ϣҶӰʧˡȵһٳֵʱѾѦԶˡ
˭ܵĺХ֮ѦҶһʦ
ȻûתһɰĵѹȶƬ֮䣬еĵȻһɳҵĹâԼȥ
Զվھս粻סͣŵصɴ۾
ЩѦҵǣͫһӲ𾪺;֮УһѰѵʵص˵ϡ
㼸ʮ˵Ķ飬ֻʣһˣҶһ
ˣҲǰһĻŴˣֱ㶵վ˫ȴ
ңѦҵļǷˣҶ쿴ǰ˫Ȳ־ߣʵ
ͨ
Ҷѯʣֱӹڵϣ˫֮䣬һɧζ
Ҷ첻ɵüһﵨҲ̫С˰ɡ
ʵϣҶҲһ룬κˣһӿΧͬ鶼ˣȻܵš
˵Ҷȵ
ҡ˵ɱҡ˻ͷ̧Ͱ͵˵ҡǵġѾˡ
ৣ
˵ҶѾĻˣһ£նɱ󷵻ϡ
ôϣЩµƳ˲ԶصʬһۣȻЩؿǰ꣬û뵽Ҷɱͬһ򵥣һ鶼ûС
ѵѪ
вɵò롣
ѦȷѾ龳ˣҶ쵭ؿһۣȻµ뷨ǰΪֱеĵ̫ˣԶɱûκβӦ
ô죿Ծг˻ңѦ龳磬ҵİΣǳ
֮ǰѦҵ벽ѹһʹҲûг֮ʵʱѦ飬ҲûʸѦҿˡ
ǳλãҪסˡ
뵽ٵĸֺԽˣ֮ɫ
ģȻӦ˱סҾͲ˺ңҶ쵭˵ԭ˵ԾЩ鷳ԸҽΣ
ԣ˿ǵҲʦʮȻҶǿ󣬵ʦ֮ĲܴҲҿ϶ҶǷܹԽѦ
ոսѣаնԸҶţտտʱʦʮʵ֮ǰǿ˼ʮοսʵڲУͶʱһոս飬Իᱻɱ
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ڴʱԶдҵԼͬװ
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⡭ԱߵҲܵˣʵ̫ͻĲŵСɷס
ϵս
ͫ΢Ҷʿˮиһ˿ȵĹâôԶӴƣҲڼǿߣ
ǻǿЩ߰ɣ˵˵ѾǸ߲ˣοǴ˵еǿߡ
ߣҶЦҡҡͷϸһ˿棬˾ʵһսǲܿһۣһźģ
˵գҶӳǸȥ
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ɫգѾٽ̫ҪɽˡǸ߿Уһͷ޴Ļȴա
޴սһҷӣΰߴƿգһҵĽâⷽضˡ
ǻ񣡡ҴҸϵҶԵ𾪡
ʶޣҶ쾪ȵʵ
Уͷ޴ĻСɽôСȫȼŷڵĻ棬ôԶܸܵΧǲǵ¶ȡ
ý²Ҫ֣ҾҪˣҶ찵࣬һθܵԼʵôСݴ½ǿȣԵ˵Ĳһ
һ죬Ҳһ񡣡Ÿ߿ǵ˵ѹסӣҶĿгš
ڼޣɽû뵽ģ͵
ʱѾͻս˰ȻۿҪѹסʱһХȻɽ֮д
ҶĿɿڴĿУһͷ޴Ļڿն𣬳ӡ
һͷҶ𾪡
ԻһԡҲĿɿڴ
ͷļսӶʱоѹԭһߵľҲı˹·ˡ
⣬ǿҪˣϲһ˿֮ɫ
ûйϵ㵣ʲô˵һǿߣɲô׾ͻģҶЦҡҡͷ
ȻҶ컰µʱдӿЦ
ֻëҲң룡ӻâɣȻָ񷣬һɿֲĽϱסƬء
ҡҶˣʱʧɫ
ҲǣҶҲ𾪡
ϱǹɰĽ⣬ƺΧնˣ޷
߿Уӣһ貵Ľâֻ
ޱ貵һҶͫһԺͻȻһ⣬⣬˲øˡ
⡭⡭Ҷйâңⲻر˫֮УһѪɫ
һ̣ҶоԼӿԶˣΧȫʧˡ
Ҷ졭Ӵסӵ磬ʹغҶ졣
Ҷйâһƽϣȴ˿ϲû뵽ҵĵ⾹Ȼͻˡ
˵գҶ챧磬Զȥ
ʱҶ컹֪ĵڷѿˣﵽһɵ⾳硣


92 ֮Σ
ƽɽȻһɱһߴɽ֮зɱһŮΧ룬һѰѵʵ಻
ץסŮƽ׶似һţ
ܵߣһ˷ܣһĿĴ󺺣˻
ΧҲ˷ܵĴƵɽ
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һԪڵסѦһ֮󣬳˱档ʱһѪڣղŵƬ֮䣬ĺܴ

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ڵҲҶǰòĵƣѹˣγǿ
鶯ӡƣһ־Ȼһɾ־


94 Ѩ
ĵ⽣ӰѦУһĻǳ𺳡ڳ˾Ѧҵ˸ɫ䡣
ǰ˵ǳԪҲؿŲԶѪ꣬Աߵ磺ôʶλСֵܣ츳֮ǿ׹ҲУͣȻѾһɵ⣬ǿ°
һԵʱҲһʧҲûϵҶǿ̶ֳȣȻѦ·磬ڼ
Լ׵ʻҡҡͷҲʶáҵģ˵ǸһʽסҶ飬򵥵һ顣
ԪԼԼһ˿ʧ̾ȥμſˣ츳ǱȻġ˵գԼŮһۣҡҡͷ
ӣЩ֪ΪΣ˿кܡǰѪ꣬Ѿڲ֪УУ˺ӡ
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ڣһ˳ǹǹ֮£ѦԪֱˡһһܼǿҵƿ죬Ѧϡ
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˵ʤѷ֣ԶѪԽնɱһλǿߡǣǼ֤ⳡ漣Ĺڡ
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ģҵǹڷ֮ʱ
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ʮ죬ѪǵĶҲһǧǷǳˡ
ǴʱҶȴǲԶˡ
һžԵš
ңʱ뿼˽мʱ䣬û׼Ҷ컹ܼء
ʱκԪѾ״˶ԸҶ˼ԺҪѪ껽ã׵ˡ
˭֪Ҷ츳һˣԺΪǿǰ϶ģܳΪڡ
ҶǴѪǳģֻҪҶһ죬ԺڶԸѪʱҪܲܳҶŭˡ
ҲЩΪʲôѾŵԵʣԼʲУϣЩϣϣԼĳǳسһ˲ǿߣӶǳشӻ
ңմ׹ķɣһĳǳسǿߣôǳصĳҲõҵĽ
Ϊķɴڣʹô׹еĳţʹô׹ʢС
ͬڴ֮У׹ǿҲԽԽ࣬ĹҲ֮ǿ


100 ʮ
˵ڶʮ졣
䳡һƬ˵ĿⶼһġҶ족Ҫ֪⼸Ҷÿ춼ڷϴ
ʱһֿ˽ֻʣʱˣҶȴѾ嵽˵ʮһ
ǵһĵʮһ
˵֮ǰ˷ǳѪǻһŵĻô˿ڳˣڣòҶˡ
ϲѪְ
Ѫǳһ˲õŰ
ӽĳɾͶڣ
Ҷӵһ·嵽ʮһ䳡ˣѪΧЩǣһ˹ףء
ҲѪߣѪ껺˶ܳ;ϲ
СѪѪصĹʲôʱôһţҾȻûжţ˵˵ҶˡˬЦЦ䳡صΧʱž
˶۸Ƕ֪Ҷ¼ֿĴҲˡ
ҶȫעΪγ̵ٶ̫ˣһ֮ڣܳԽʮ
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101 ڶ

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ΧȺ֮У߳һ꣬Ŀˮ峺һŵϢ̲סøС
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֣þòô𣡡ʮŵЦݣһӵɶûУ·ںĽ̸
ѵʮӻǵĳˣַɵ˵ɨܣ֮ɫ
ͨ˿ˣʦֵˣʲôľͲ˵ˡ
ʮһҲ⣬ʮƽ׽ˣ˹ԱߵҶ죬΢΢ЦλؾǶѪɣմ
Ҷ죡
Ҷ쵭˵㲻ǰҪʲôԷ֣Ҳ׼֡
Ҷ첻ʮӣǲԸǣϾʮӵݷͬѰıƿֿ
Ҷ졭ʮһ£Ժвû֣ϵЦݸʢˣЦԭҶ֣ʮû뵽ֿҶţҶִһҶֺһ
ӿˣҶ쵭˵Ȼ㲻˵ĿģҲ壬ֻҪԷˡ
һԵַЩȣЩɻϵľʧˣǶһ˿Ц
Ҷ֣֡һֻֿʣˣҾͲˣͨ˿ˣźúúһ
Ҷ졢ַɲ䲻ӣʮҲûмԣǱ˱ȭЦ˵
ʼգ϶΢Цһ˿ᡣ
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ƭˣǿ츳Ҫ£㣬ԲŸºӡҪǻǱˣͳȥṱ׵ˡַЦ
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ǻһ׵㶼ûУַƳ˵ϵһۣǵƣ׷Ҷ죬ȥ
죬ɽ֮зǳ֣Щûй׵㣬Ծù׵㲻ߣȫðˣĴѰ
ϾҲ֪û㹻Ĺ׵㣬Ҫ̭ȥҲ˲ࡣ
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ҶַɣҲܵ˲˵ĹȻǵʵЩǵߣ󶼸˹׵㡣
Ҷַ쳹ױӶ๱׵㣬ǰʮ


䳡ϣ˵ػţԱߵѪ껣Ҳļ
Ҷ죬˵
ʱҶֻˣ˶ǶֱĴⶦƷɡʫϡˮӡʮӡ
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Ҷ졭ԽԽˣȵڶֿ֮һҪҶˡˬʵЦ
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ĳҲЩܵ룬ֿһЩĳ
оĴˡ
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ղѾкˣʱԴǰŹۿ̨䡣
ԴˣѪ껺ǳ˷ܡ

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Ƭֵ̣ɽټӰˡ
ǣʱɽУȴһǧӵа벽鼶ʦ֡
ڸ߿Уһλŵĳڶֿ˿ʼɽ֮УȻɱ

أǲǺôһˣ
һȺѵûӳ𣿡

ʦÿʮһ飬εɽ֮УĴѰʣߡ
ïܵɽ֮Уʣ߶ŭȴðͷϾЩʦǶǰ벽飬һʮֱ֣һֲϡ
һȺ򰡣һϣҶ츩ŲԶʮʦ֣˸
ĻԱߵַһæ㲻ǳְɣֻͬʱԸˡ
Щʦֱһİ벽ҪǿһЩַɣҲֻܶԸˡ
Ϊʲôأ
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ҲɣַԿЦһ£Զʮʦ֣̾ҪҲУǣˣʣµҪС
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ʵҪǣĸ˵ģȫãȴʱҶԣȴҡҡͷ¶һ˿صЦݡ
ô˵ַɾһæȤʵ
漴̸
ãЦ

ɽϣʮʦֲϵԳɨΧĲݴԣϣҵЩμӿ˵ǡ
ǰˡͻȻһʦִһȳǰ
ľŸʦæȥ
ǰ治ԶһŮʱʮʦΧˣԱŴˣȻߡ
ٺ٣иŮôŮҪ磬Ǿͷ뿪һʦֵϷǵǲʲôϾŵĳϹ
ҪǷϻˣֻһµʱ䣬ٹ׵ٹ׵㣬ȡ֮ǰһһЩöΪ׵һʦһ̶֡
ʦֶʱٷϻǷֳˣһŮ
ҵսʱʼ
ܹͨһֿˣһŮҲǸ֣һеǰ벽飬Ҳʦʮǿߣ֣ȫӦʦ֡
ϧڳֵʦ֣Ա߻λʦעһ١
СһԹԽ׵ɣʡ˷ʱ䣡һʦֲмغ
ڵˣɫ԰ףҧš
ǲԶһݴ֮У꣬͸ݴԵķ϶ǰս
İ취ãڳֵĻǾˣַɺٺЦɵҶ赶ɱ˵ļƲ治
ֹˣȫ͵ϮʦʧȥսҶ۾
ַ۾һɭЦãһֻҪԸˡ


102 
֮УʦȻںһŮ˼óǾͿҪֳʤˡ
Ա߸ʦȤعţһҲûгȥĴ㣬Ȼʮ㣬Ҫȫ֡
Ҵϴһ֣ܶ
ϴĶȻǰ벽飬ϴҪ˶ˡ
˵ʦʮҲֵܼڣʦܵʻǲ

߸ʦںХ̸ûзǺĲԶӰ
Ӱڣӽ߸ʦ֡
֡Ҷһͺȣ΢ۻԪ͵رӿеѪʹѪҵĹâ
䣡
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ţ
ǿҵľХ֮ʦֻͷʱǵͫ׽һ
ѪӰʮնҶĿһѪʮ貵ĵâһգ˺ѿγһŹʦ档
ҿ
һԵַҲˣҶһ˲ʦֶʱ۾Ӷɳˡ
ʱ֪ԼҶĲжô
ȫ֣ҲֻܶԸʦ֣һҪһʱ䡣ҶһԶԸʦ֣ӻаաһɱ



ʦҲҶĿģɵòȻŭǺСһһûŵʦܡ
£ʦŭ죬һԪϯ
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һƬâɣԪӿŰʦֱûޱߵĵâ֮Сֻƺ𣬱ǱӰɳȥѪ硣
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յĽҶǰ˶֣ǿշѹ֡ʹʦֵˣڳѪ˵ء
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һŮҿ϶Ҷ졢ַǷԼ֣վԶձȭ
ζлλֵȣĳм
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лһŮԴϲæ˴УȻɿȥ·Ҷ졢ַɻƵġ
ַƳǵıӰһۣмһЦ
һԵҶչǾŸʦֵĹ׵㣬ոԵսҶַ˹ϷЩ׵㡣
ö๱׵㰡ʦ֣汩ǵĹ׵㣬ַ˷ܡ
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ַɵҲ4000๱׵㡣
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˻ǿַͫһ𾪣Ҫ֪Ϊ׵һʦ֣ʵҲˡ
ҶҲ࣬ʦؿڵ·棬һı˪
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Ӧӣʮûôǿʵַɳ˵ʦָˣʮӣܰܵôҡ
ֻǸﵽһӣʵ
ҶĿһŲԶĴֿȥһǿϢŰһŲ·֮ϣÿһ̤ƺ̤ǵϡ
ǿѹȣȷһҶüͷһĿдһ˿أһ˿˷ܡ
ʱ䣬40żѨʹڵļѨﵽ100ţټ360ѨҶ460Ѩˡ
Ϊ˶ѨʹҶԪԶԶİ벽飬ӽһǿˡ
һҶ㲻õ⣬ƾǿսʶҲԿһЩոսһǿˡ
䣡
һ죬ҶַɳصĿУһ£ֿȭӴ̤֮ңңҶַɡ
Ŀ⣬׺ݵɷϯ
ӣַɳ
ףַɣ
꾪ȵؿַɣϴһ˿̵Ц⣬Ե֣ôĴ𰸸ø˰ɣ
ʲô𰸣ҶɻƳַɣЩ档
Сӣ˭
ӿҶ죬Ȼ֮ɫڿҶеѪ֮ʱ΢΢һ϶ʱһ˿Цݡ
ѪȻ


103 ȭ
Ϊ쳣ԵҳҾܾˡڲμӿ֮ǰҵң˵ڿ֮ǰһҪѡ񣬷Ҫ߳ˡַɫЩѿ˵
ͬʮӵֶΣԵҪôҪôΪУ
ⲻһսˣַص˵
ԭˣ
Ҷ۾һУʱӿɲѦǰ飬ܵжԴʮ־
Ѫ
ӣʱѾעתҶϣӿһĨȻ֮ɫѪû뵽㣬ҪңעҪ¶һλսȻˣַһҰɣ
ӸҶַɣưһ߸ϵӣİ
Ҷɫѿò˵ӵĻ̼ˣԵҲ᳼κˡ
һԵַȻӺ˽⣬״ЦҲˣôҪҪӣ
һûʸӣҶ˵ǰһ߳Ƴ죬ѪԪһѪɫΡ
ûԪһİ벽ǿ屶ֹ۾һУϲЦǿߣҵսδҲ̫ϧˣֻҪԸ⳼ңս£Ҳǲܡ
һԽӣҶɫڡ
ҪշңͿûǸʵˣҶ첻ϻֱһԪӿ˳Ѫһ貵Ѫâᴩ񷣬ֱӡ
ãҵս͸˸ңǿұһս֪ңõѡ񣡡ӲŭЦ˵֮ˣһ鼶ǿԪϯƬ
ԶַɻʮܵʦæˣҽӽӺҶսȦ
䣡
ӺһȭӭҶѪɫâһȭҶؿںȥǿõÿ죬Ƶ
ѪɫâӵȭͷϣȴҲ޷ǰڰб鿪Ҳܣܵǿһ˫ء
սʶͬһȭһ۵ȭâ·һ޴Ĺ򣬶Ҷȥ
Ҷ첻Сᵶ񵲣Ԫױܵ˿µ˱ײɳȥصһþϡ
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Զַɵ˶𺳣ǿֱܹġ
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ޱصؿųӣҶסеѪҽսַɣȻһӭӡ
ءԶַһֻ֣׼סսһ̣оֱһ˶ڵϡ
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СģǺȭԶַһ䣬ѵ
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Ҷоһɺӿͷ϶ʱأ̼460ѨеԪȻѪ֮ϣһӭӡ
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ŰеĽ꣬۵ӹһ˿ͼɵͬʱԪҶ졣
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Զַɺʮʦ֣ɵһ𾪡
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ƷɺⶦֿľţѾڲǰ̤鼶ʵ֮¡
һӾͳλǿߣҶ죬ɵĵһء
ӦǸܵҺսĲ˹Ҷ찵뵽
ʵµĺܶԣǰƷɡⶦսĲˣΧ߸ӦˣЩ֪ǿߵս󣬾Ͳٽӽˡ


104 
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ƷɸҶ죬ɵһ㶣漴۾һ˿⡣
԰벽ԿӣȷǷƷЦֻ̾Цݱ䣬һ˿ʺ䡣
ҶĬվ俴ŰеλǿߣסеѪ
üͷһ壬Ʒɺⶦʲô
֣
·
ⶦͰƷͬʱЦ
ߣǵĻشһ۵һ˿Ű漴Ҷ죬սʱգ̨ʱһķڷ
˵գӴȥеⶦͰƷɡ
ȻԵǰ׳գ£Ҷ죬ҲᱻⶦͰƷռ˱ˡ
ѽߵôʲô𣿡Ʒɾȵ
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ֿͬţ֮˴˵жԣʱȣ档
̨ʱһһҵȭ£ӻͷޱȰ˵ĿɭȻǱⶦͰƷɵĻＤŭˡ
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ⶦͰƷջĿ⣬ͷҶ졣
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ַɲҶЦ̨仹ûпʼҶѾǿĶˡ
Ҳڵϵģջ㣡ҶԷһƺⶦõַɵ΢΢һ
ⶦһҶ죬иһ˿뿪ˣҲðƷ֮
ƷɿҶһۣһЦҲתȥ
ԴˣǿߵȥƬеĽɢˡ
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ҶͷĴ㣬ҵҪĵƣܲ¶Ͳ¶
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գҶڽʱ䣬һʦǵĹ׵㣬һۼѨ
ʱţɽ֮ԽԽ֣˭֪ڶֿҪܲܽžͿһֿˡ
ˣǲμӿ˵ߣΪ˹׵ʦǣ׷ˣڽʱ䣬ɽ֮еɼҵս
ҶĹ׵ڳţĴλźӣǲһЩ˵
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һµĿʱɽ֮жһƬͨ˵ǧߣҶ졢ַɣ϶ϲɫ
ڳɹˡ
Ҿ޴ųɹͨ˵ǧߣɽжȥ
ޱɭֵзһ˿ҶǾȵķ֣ǰվȻһѷ죬ѷ棬ǿһƬƮ硣
ǾڵС磡ַվҶߣ˵ľ̾
һС磬Ǳ㿴ΧƮ죬ĴأƽأһƬԭǲԭ룬һߴɽ壬ֱƲ񷡣
ΰɽ֮ϣĽһ׳۵ĹɢŵɫĹâһƬɹ
Ҷ챻ǰľ𺳣Ǵ׹һָĴɣŵܲޱȵ׳ۺΰ
ž޴ӽɽ壬ҶǷɽԶеҪӴͣһ޴Ĺ㳡ϡ
˶ˣ룬һλϵļġ
һɫ۵ߣϵʵţ۵Ķھͨϡ
ֻĳϣʸɫǳۣǴĵλ
ŵĽϣŵӡǰĺ۳Ͽʼ˵ˣ㳡˶ϸ˵
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䣬Ⱥ֮бһƬ˶ѡ
ҶҲˣǰµļѿˣΪĲһ
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ǲҪ˵̫磬Ϊŵӣ֮ڣ޷飬֮ǰʦһţϺܿһˮ㳡ʱ
ŲǵһҪ֮ڣ龳磬ܳΪŵʽӣҲŵӡ
ֻгΪŵӣܵõŵ洫һŵӡ


105 
ϵѵ֮ҶڽϵĴ£ǰɽһƬܼľס
ķݶĺԺһԺӣһֵС
˵Ǿ󣬿Ծ£ʹƬסڵԶԶ档
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ͻȻһҶ̧ͷȥǰһ̤סϲһ𺳡
ҶҲסˣҲ¶ͬ˷ܵı顣
Щɻ
ҶַһͬƬס
䣡
̤Ƭһ˲䣬ҶʱоһŨĽҺһ𣬲㱻˼
ۻ
Ҷޱ𾪣ݣһԵַҲ¶ŵĿУһ𺳡
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ţȻܹó֮컯󷨣ֱͬ񼣡
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ĺԺһԺܹסˣҶַɵڰȷסһԺӡ
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ǣȻַָԱһ޴Ժӣ
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ʮˬʵЦݣǲװģҶ춼óϣʮӣѾһ˿øУ벻ܹġ
ַɫҲÿһЩҲǺӱʮ˳۶ˡ
ʮڹ۲죬ԸоҶַɵı仯ɵһϲȴЦ˵Ҷ֣Ҹһ£λˮС㣬ƼҵĴС㣬ֿһָš֣ǶʶҾͲˡ
ʮֿǸɫȹŮЦС㣬λҶ֣ѪҶ죬ӦŰɣ
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СˣҶ쵭˵ʵʮӽܣѾϳŮںѪɽѾĴλˡ
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Ҷһ㶣漴ӣЦǺðɣ͡󡯣ҾСʦܰɣ˵գһΡ
˭ʹ󣿡ˮʱͬβ͵èθһŭҶ졣ֱҶеЦ⣬һһۣСʦܵķϣξͷŹ㡣
Ҷ˵ĲȻҶʦֵˣôԺʦֵܳƺʮ۵׸һ˿ϲɫ˵ҽʮ壬дǵʦˣǺǣ֮ɫ
ǰ󡭡壡ˮƲƲ죬⽫塱ϵĺܳ
ʮӶʱơ

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ʶһº󣬼˸ѡһӽȥԺӶһĴСûʲôֱ
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Ҷ컹м飬ֱһ׵ͼڹķһ׵ͼ似ǳ֣֮һ¼
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Ȿ飬ҶȤ
¼ԭ˱ʮ˹ĸɣԼּš¡ǿӼʶҶ΢΢ϲⱾպã׼ʱϸϸۿߴ½а
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ŵӣ֮⣬ҪһЩͬʱҲǵõ׵Ļᡣ
Ҷ쿴ЩĹ׵㽱ʱɵðңԼҿڿ֮๱׵㣬⿿ЩһҲ׬ȡһ׵㡣
Ҫ֪µĿ֮УҶ׵㣬ŵӺüˡ
ô๱׵㣬ټƷɵʮ׵㣬Ӧܹȡܶ౦ʵˡҶ찵˷ܵ뵽
úַɡʮӡˮڴھۼ
Ҷʦܣ̨䣬ʱ䣬׼ô죿ҶַЦʵ
Ȼù׵㻻ȡһЩˣҶҲػش
ʮһЦҡͷҶʦܣţкܶط˽⣬ҽһ׵㣬ȡһϴĻᣬҪ֪ŵӲеһλᣬźġ
أҶʱȻ֪ʮǱԼ˽ţ̡
һأĴҺˮܹϴһΣǽ̥ǵɱ䣬İ벽飬ֱܿӽ龳硣ַɽӹ磬Щ˷ܵ˵
Ҷԣ۾˲һ̾ص
ҪǣֻŵһνĻᣬЩŵӾʮ׵㶼ܽȥλᣬܹжôźʮЦ˵


106 ɫʯ
ʮӺַһ˵ҶʱصˣͬʱǳʶʮӺַɣпܾʹˡ
ϾŵĹ涨Ψŵڰŵĵһ꣬ʸ룬ؽһϴ
ȻʮӺַɵѣȵҶʵһܹǰʮʱͻΪŵӣȻ޷ȥؽϴˡ
ؿûжܹȥҶ΢΢̾

ʮӵͷĿһصĴڣź֪ûע⡣ȻϸϸؿǳֲᣬҲܹ֪ءǼŵߣΪ׬ȡ׵㣬Ȼȡǿ似߿ʵĵرмܹĵؿǳֲ᣿
ҶԲͷһ뵽ľù׵ȥȡʵʵشۿǳֲᣬһ俴ꡣȻҶ첻ûģ֮ϣǿ顣
ˣ˷أҪڵһھ׬ȡһ׵㣬ҲǺѵġңҲˣÿһ쿼˵ʱ򣬶̨䡣һ׬ȡһ׵ǿߣᱻǰнšʣµߣҪ׬һ׵㣬Ͳһʱ԰õˡַɺٺЦ
ôоǲҪǽأûҪصôɣҶЩɻ뵽
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Ҷ첻ӣСôϲĪԼʲôط
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߰ɣⶦҲȥأҲȥˡʮվ˵
ţҶͷвЩڴȱѨصǽȼü֮
˽飬߳ĺԺ
ԺСϣʱҲӰһȥǰ£Ȼŵı׼Ρ
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ɫǳۣóǿ洫Ӳܴ·ҪڼΪǻɣַɷ˷۵
Ҷһŵ洫ҲֻʮλÿһֿĴ׹Ȩơ
˷ƺϼӦöΪŵ洫ӰɣҶ찵뵽˱ƷɲΪŵǿˣʱпѾͻƵھ磬Ϊŵ洫ˡ
뵽ƷɵԣҶ׼ҸһϼϢƷɵС
˽̸֮䣬ܿصڣǳƫƧϡ٣һ֣һ˸͸
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ʱţҶоԼѨ٣һżѨƬʱͱˡ
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ιҶһæȥҪץסС
СٶȺܿ죬һӾ͵˳صףҶ첻òȥȻͿһɫľʯɢŵĹΡ
⡭ᾧҶһӾ͵ɴ۾Ŀǰǿɫľʯ
ʱСſɫʯ棬ı顣
һᾧҶҿ϶õǿᾧʯһֻɫһѡ
ȻɫᾧҪǱˣҵɫһԽΪɫꡣҶ̲ס
ӵɫߣʮ˹ǷëǵĴڣ׹Ҳ͹һӵɫ꣬㻹ˣҲԲᳬһ֮
ɴ˿ɼɫĺ
ҵΪɫ꣬ôϴ˵ص˵ܹǰ龳硣
ŵصأᾧӦŵĸַģǱɵ֪᲻ʲô䣿
£ҵѾܾûˣᣬ˭֪²ܽɫꡣ
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֨֨ͬʱҶץСβͣŵһԣСʱؽצ
Ҷϥڳصףʼɫᾧ
СգŴ۾ضҶ졣
أһɫĹΣ˳Ҷƣɫᾧ֡
Сʱ¶֮ɫƺǳηǺɫĹΡ


107 Ѫ
ϥڳصףҶ˫գһ˿˿ɫĹ˳ֱۣӵȫɫʯһ
֨֨СҲѧӣСƨڳصףɦɦСԴ˦˦СβͣͷĹһֱ۾ڵϺ˯
˿̣һɹɾҶΪģ˷ӿ
ͬһʱ䣬صǿɫᾧ֨һΪƬʧ
оȫë׶ſˣɫٶȱǰʮ
Ҷ̲סһӵһӤСɫϥڵ֮Сϵľ֮кƺƵš
Ҷ쿪ʼûѨʱЩΪһſѨ
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ѪħеķҶһѪÿһԴͷҪһѪС
ѪħʮѪ֮ɹ֮ʱ飬һǿ顣
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ƺǽɣ⶯Ҳδ̫˰ɣʮӶݣ漴ЩڸղţѾ龳磬ǶСԺԲƣ˶ûз֡
ˣûн龳磡ˮɴһ˫ɰĴ۾
һαˣһϴǱҶˣԼ⣬˶ûкúõϴһ¡
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Ҷڰ˿Ѫȴܵ˹Ӧ㱻һֻ޴ץס˦ء
СӣжԶԶҼһδһΣͷҶӳʯţȻƳⶦһۣó
ⶦѾͷǿסˣ˿̶ҴһæĿ
ʯ֮⣬ҶһͷҲЩɻشܡ


108 תս
ţôͻȻˣ
ʯ֮⣬Ҷվɻؿܡ
Զ׷߻ڼɨأʯţǽرա
ղƺڰ˿Ѫ˻ˣȻҶͫһµı顣
ҵ֧Ųס۵ڰ˿Ѫò֪ʲô⣬ұ˳ȻξҪ߻ħˡ
ҶһоһȻûһٽ龳磬ȴԼȱ㣬Ժкܴİ
ȱһĹҵĹ׵Ӧ㹻ȡһĹҶ侲뵽
΢΢ɨص߹һҶתȥ
Ҷ첻֪תȥʱһֱͷɨصİ׷̧ͷҶıӰĿУ͸һصζ
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һͨܣΧһΨһ˺ܶҳ·ܾá
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˵صôϸȻˡ
Լ֪ˣЦЦǱҳ鼮ӸҶ죬Ȼ˫ۣصЦݡ
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ҶһۣȻⱾؼĻҳȥĸԾĴ֣ǰ
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ҶһǰŹǲȱģôϵĹǵؽ׹
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һҶеźʱɢˣЦŵͷ˵ĲŹǲȱģҲò
ԣҪ̬ǿ󲻵ãҲԺ㻹õתս塯ĵڶأԵⶫ˭˵û׼幦ԵЦ
ǰҶͷ漴ɫһȭζлˣҪû㣬ҿ¾ҪŹԵˡ
ǺǣˣҺȱƾˡЦ
ղײգߣǾȥȾƣҶԴЦ
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žתս壬ҶսĳǼǡ
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ҵãҶЦ˵аǸطҵŹ֡
Сӣ˵̫磬幦ȷΪݴ½һ幦Ҫܸߣû㹻츳޷ɹŵʷϣҲΨһ㡣
սĳϣߵ


109 ݵһ
ݴ½һ幦
ҶȣȻܹó幦ôҲ벻ĸ߶ȡ
Ҫ֪ݴ½ޱߣȣʮ˹ֻСط
Ȼֵһ幦Ȼųݴ½һ幦
ҶЩţȻɻ󣬵ǰĳϻƭԼ
Сӣû˵תսĴţһλǿߴĹŹһоŲ㣬ܹھŲ㣬ܳΪ˵幦㲻ݴ½һ幦ƺҶɻ󣬿սĳЦ
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սĳϻû˵һԵЦҡͷҶ֣׹һģô幦˵Ϊҵһλˣصؽžתսȫ½ʱ򼸺˽һתս壬˵˻𣿡
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սĳȻʦ߼öעĵضҶȰ˵Сӣ츳ͲҪ˷Źˡĵȴ̨ɣֻҪţݵһλΪʦͻõǿĹˡ
ϲ˵תսݴ½һ幦ôõĹܲѧҶЦ
㡭սĳһͣûĺһָҶԱߵ˵СӣȻ֪͸ԭ򡣡
Ҷ漴
Ҷ֣Ȱ㣬Ϊתսȷɹ츳һܹɹġЦ

սĳϳױˣ۾ʲôкɹ⼸ǧ˴Źǰ֮⣬ûеڶɹңŹһŲ㣬һһѣ츳Լ似Ҫ츳̫ˡݴ½ϳţ幦޿κΣСӾȻ˵ܹɹ
ǺǣڨڨһЦ
һԵҶʱ֪ϵĺ⣬ҡͷлϵѣһԼһܹɹģᣬеʱ䣬˵ʱٻһ幦ˡ
Сӣڲϧʱ䣬ȵԺͻڡˣϷҲ˵ˣŹҪһ׵Զһ
սĳҡҡͷսô꣬Ȼ֪ЩŶţҪһ仰˵ǣǲܵġ
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󣬿սĳսһĹһɲܴˣͬŵĵҲУ֪𣿡
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С֪ʲô׹Ѷ̫ټıȽϹ㷺һ׵㶼սĳϵһۡ
ҶڨڨһЦպƣųϹһȻһͬȥ

뿪ս֮ҶصԺӣʮҵһЩþƣ˳
֣˵תսܹ㣬Ϊֻһ㣿ƹѲҶЩɻʵ֪תսҪõĹ
ЦҶ֣Źڼǧǰȷܹ㣬ͨϰնȫġʱţܶһ㶼ɣװ˷ʱ䡣һǧ֮Źݴ½ѾټˡģϾ׹һЩ϶õȫĻܴ󡣡
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Уʱ䣬һɵ⡣
似츳ǿҶҲֻˡ

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һҶ컺۾վתս·ߣʼأһ˿ĽɫΣܵ
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ҶĽɫâʼɵתҵĹԣ۶Ŀӡ
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οǵһ㣬ļ»ѣ
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˵תս˳һϵǿ࣬ǿҲǰǿˡ
뵽滹а˲㣬Ҷһ
Ҫ֪ɫ꣬Ȼ꣬ǿҲֻɫɫˡ
츳ǿɵһ㣬Ǻľתս壬´ﵽɫ꣬Ҳδܹɰɡ
ˣĿǰֻһ㣬ҪʮѪͱ鼶һתսұɣԺģԺ˵
ΣҶ˦˦Դ߳ӡ
ʱʮӡַɡˮѾϴˣԺｻ̸أóջ񶼺ܴ
Ҷʦܣҽˣַ˷ܣһǿϢͷųΪոս飬޷ǿϢ
ҲǣʮЦͬһǿϢ
ΨˮϢͨˣҶȴ֪Ѿͷ֮ǿһ
ˮ츳ܸߣͽ龳磬صϴ֮ΪԽˣпܴﵽˡ
ϲˣҶӣƵˣһ˻ʦ
ȻѾ߿ѪԪǿߡ
˾תս֮󣬶ӽ鼶ˡ
Ҷľ磬Ȼֻʦʮ۷壬ǰ벽顣
㲻˵Ƕˣ˵һﵽʲôȻŪôĶƵػصǰԳ֣ӳءַ
ʮӺˮҲһ֮ɫ


110 â
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ʮЦ˵ûʲôҰģܽǰʮžˡ
ҲһܹΪŵӾˡַɵ˵ͷ
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ˮǺģü΢΢ǳһĨŵЦݣһҪǰ
ǿɲ򵥰ӡⶦƷɡʫˣǳҶЦ
ΣҲˮȻͷ
ǺǣҶ쵭һЦ˵ʵˮǰˮʵǿѾͷ̫ˣսǶⶦǵġ
һ֮󣬱ԻȥˣǶϣ̨ܹ֮ǰһЩʵ
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ˮҶһնӱչأ֪ڵЩʲô
ҶһһŵǣŬʵ׼̨һˡ

ʱˮһգ͹ȥˡ
һ죬ɪɪҶ׷ɣͣ
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ӴĹ㳡ϣɽ˺ʮ̨ΧΧӰһȥѹѹһƬˡ
ҪôҵҶ죬Ǵ룬Ѫ껺費òĵȴ俪ʼ
˵ǰʮֱܹӽΪŵӣзĽһܹһѪᣬܹǿһļƷ
дţŵ۳ڰй۲죬˵һЩŵӣǿ߰
˵˭лڣǰ˭
ⶦɣǰο֮У׵һʵǿ
Ҳ׵಻ʵǿϣ϶˭ʤ˭
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ܣҴˣʮӺַɶ龳ˣѪȴǰ벽飬ܹŽǰʮһǰʮе׵ġ
һƥ˵ܶ˶ڹעء

ŵӡŵӶۣߵЩҲڻ̸ཻŵһЩҲǵ
Ҷ촩ŰɫۣװսĴУȺ֮СɫȻƽޱȵ侲񶼵۷״̬
ʮӡַɡˮֵ˱̨һʮ̨ǶˣȻŵĳҲ֪ǵʵھ֮ǰ
ʱţ㳡ϵԽԽ࣬ͬ쳣Ĵ̶˸оһС
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ʱһ۳ڿնȥϵĿ⸩ˡɨ㳡ϵԽԽСûٸ˵ˡ
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ͬʱ̨Ҳʼ˱䡣
ʮ̨ƽǧλŵӣÿһ̨պÿԷֵ100ˡ
ÿ˱䣬һˣҲʮѣֵܿҶˡ
Ҷ죡
ƣ
ҶԼʱԾ̨档ͬʱһӰҲ档
ף벽飿Ҷ쿴ꡰơ΢΢Щȣû뵽Լĵһ־ǰ벽顣
Ѫߣ׵಻ʵͱǿͬǰ벽飬ҲģƳһҶ죬š
𣿡Ҷ쵭һЦ
ʼɣ
۳ϵȵ
䣡
ں۳ϻոµʱҶǰͳһӰƣһЦһȭݺݺҶ졣
Ȼһ̣ƵͫһЩŵصɴ۾ȭͷȻҶؿڶ
ԣ
ǲӰ
͵ɫһ䣬г˲ţǰҶ컺ɢһľԱߺХһɴ̶ƿ졣
ڲ֪̫ˣ
һϷʵڶӦɣܵ˾޴ֱӺɳʮԶ
̫ˣ
ҶߵƸǰҡҡͷ
ͫһɫһף̲סһѪֱ˹ȥ

̨ΧŵһƬȻ֮ɫͬǰ벽飬Ҷǰһһоͱˡ
쿴Ҷ죡Ҷ죡Ӯˣ㳡һǣ˵ػţ˷֮ɫ
һԵѪҲһͷţҶ죬ղһƵһˣ


һƣһ

ΧĳԼŵĳǣһ̾
Ϊһ쿼й׵ţҶһϳܵ˺ܶ˵ĹעŵĳǣⶦӵһΪصע
Ҷʤ۳ϸҶ쵭Ȼ̨ʵⶦǼ⣬˸ϡ
ʱúܿ죬ҶԼʵÿһεǳһлܶ֡еĶ֣Ϊ̨ǿߣʮǿ
ʱ۳ʮǿƽ䵽̨бԣʸʮǿ
Ҷ죬û뵽Ǳͬһ̨ǰңǰʮĻᶼûˡⶦЦ
ЩҲҪ˵ģҶԣ˵һ˫񣬳ս⡣
ߣûн龳磬Ҳҿ⣬αذɣⶦЦ
벽飬Խ㣡Ҷ
֪ǲɺϣ˹ⰲţҶ컰ոµʱһ㴫˹
Ҷ죡ⶦ
ź۳ϵĻ£ΧȺ˲һţһƬڵ쳹
Ҷ죿ⶦûɣ
âôôͶˣ⣬ּ
ˣ
㳡һƬȻ۷׷ף˵Ŀⶼ˹
ʱĸ̨ûж˹עˡ


111 ֮
ϣ˵˭Ӯ
㳡Ŀ̨ϣԵһλ۳ʵ۳ϱһ̨ˣҲǲǰڰ俪ʼ۳ϡ
ǣΪֿĿǳ۳ϵݣǿŵ۴ϡ
ŵĳҪΪΣڼĺ۳ϣ೤࣬һЩ洫ӵһ䣬ͻֱӽΪ۳ϡ
ڶα۳ϣֻΪܵ۳ϡţ۳Ҳǳ٣ÿһλܸߡ
֮⣬Żн̫ϳϣǿߡֻǴţѾܾûеµǿˡԣⲻò˻ɣŻû
Ϊϵ۴ϣĿǰʵǿĴڣŵȲ
ȻҲǿߣǺλ۴ϱǾͲʮǧˡ
׹Ǳʮ˹϶ŵǿһ֧ġ
Ϊˣŵĵλܸߣͬˡ
أɫȻûлشĻ
εҡҡͷֿҲشĻˣҲֻǰλŵ۴ϣԼˡ
ӦⶦɣϾĴӵܣۺ񣬶Ҷ쾹Ȼṳ̂龳磿˵Ȼɻ
Ҷ츳ԼʵӦͿԽ龳ˡ
һ̤龳磬һ̤龳磬ûжĹϵңСһʵԪһˣСӾӮҲӮɡҲ
ϺȻ죬Ŀ͸һ˿صЦ⣬ҶóǰһܹɨеĶ֡
ӶҶĹ۲죬ҶƺԸⱩ¶ĴڣҲܺ棬Ҷһսѡ
ܵ˵˶ҶʤǶǼս
ͬһʱ䣬Ѫ껺ҲҶ쵣ǡ
˵ҶӮ𣿡ʵʵϣԼѾΪҶ첻ӮˣϾⶦп̤Ϊ̫ˡ
ȻѪ껲ôΪҶչֵĻлᡣ㿴˰ɣж˱ĵһǿҲס
ţ⡭Ҳˣ˵⣡ʱ۾һʱҶûʩչ⣬Ҷơ
ңڹ㳡üˣһ˶Ҷʩչ⣬ԲС
˲䣬ؿС
ʱ˵ĿⶼҶⶦԾֱ̨̨Ӿͱ˺ˡΪһŵĺҶ죬Լ׵һⶦ˵ĶԾעһ༤ڴ
Ҷ죬ɣҸһγֵĻᣬֵĻᶼûˡ
Լʱⶦһ漴ϸһ˿Цܿͷɵ̨֮ϣظ̨Ҷ죬һ鼶ƺƵͬһ籩ϯ̨
ͬʱ̨ΧսȺ׷׸ܵһľХɵýǺ˼Щηؿ̨ϵⶦ
ƣ
ȻѾﵽ
ΧȺ𾪣һЩŵӶݣһŸոհŵӣȻΪǰټ
һűҪʢˡһЩŵĺ۳ϣЦݵصͷȻ̨ⶦ⡣
ⶦĿųڵ˶û⣬ŶôţôġˣôܳΪţ
˻
Ҷ䶨ˣΪ̫ˡ
Ҷ켴㿰һһսҲҪˣҲܹϾⶦڵĺߣ
ֻǿϧˣҶǰⶦչҪǰˣͻᱻֱ̭ǰʮľͻᶼûˡ
˭˵أҲ̫ˣһǵĶԾһΪҪŵһء
ʲôҶ츳ǳģ㲻̤ǰʮҲܿΪŵӵġ

ΧȺ۷׷ףǲҶ졣
ԶʮӡַɡˮҲ֮ɫؿ˹
ϧҶûн飬˭ʤ˭˵ַ̾Ϣһ֪Ҷ츳ǿԽսʤ֣Ϊ̫ˡ
ʮӵͷҲΪġ
ǿҶƺܵĵӣȻһԵˮ
ʮӺַɲɵÿ˹ȥ
ֻԶҶһ̨̤ף̨ɫȻƽһɫĳۣ趯
ܶ˿Ҷ򶨵ӣɵ΢΢ݣ漴¶ɫϾԱԼǿεĶ֣̹ȻӦԣսⲻκˡ
ⶦɫҲ΢΢һ漴Цܺãûֱ䣬ҺھԵʵǰʲô漣ˡ
ȻⶦĻһͣȻͫһɫ÷ǳѿ
Ϊ˵ʱ򣬶Ҷ̧һֱֻۣ˹ָһı顣
ⶦ΢֮ͫУ˫ȼһ׷ŭˡ
ϻ˵𣿡Ҷ伥ԽеҴүûʲôӡ
䣡
ⶦŭųҵĹâƥԪͬɽ緢˲ͳҶǰźԪһȭ͵غҵĹâų̂
Ҷһֱӭϣ˫ȭӶƲ񷣬±ҵĽɫâͬһŽɫС̫һҫ۶Ŀ
䣡
˼ҵײһ𣬿ֲԪƺһ㳯ɢȥ̨ھҲһ˿˿Ѻ۳˼սĵطӳȥ
ΧȺԾ˶ûκεĻΣȫԪĶƴʵʵԿ
ȻûʲôѤõ似ÿһײ·ɽײһ𣬾죬
ǿսõȺе̲סһеѪڣѪ졣
˵ս
һЩ˴˻ǻͣ
̨ϣЩϡǣ΢΢ݡ㼤ҵⲫǺټΪû˻ԸսֻһЩר߲ŸֱӲӲ
ⶦΪűҶεΪԼ棬Ԫ棬ҪԶԶǿŸôǿӲսġ
𾪵ǣҶԪȻսôãû¶ơ
ôܣⶦ޷ţǰ龳綼ṳ̂СӣԪ˾ˡ
ⶦȻɻ󣬵ǿ̨Щŵĳȴǿ⣬¶֮ɫ
⡭ӦǾתսɣһ۳Ͼɵ
ȷǾתս壬幦Ѿʧôҵģһ˾磬ҪԲˡ
սĳ˵ŹСҵģû뵽ʱ䣬Ȼܽһز츳ֱ
ŵĳǾԶݡ


112 սԲ
ֵĹ㳡ϣ죬쳣Ļ𱬡
̨ϣⶦХԪͬɽ緢ҵĹâ۶Ŀ
Ҷתתս壬ȫɢŽɫĹâƤ˽ɫʸУɢǿϢ
˵սǳңƣֱϲ񷣬սڵ̨ѾǿݻٵһƬǽ塣
ս޲Ȼ
ⶦɫԽսԽԪޱرһƬڵĺˮҶûҵĹԣе̫Ϊ֮ʧɫ
ĻԪֱͬ͵ĺ̨֮ϺƵֹضھ
Ҷ˫أתսת˼£ȫ˽ɫɢſֲѪ˲ϼײս˰Ȼ޴̨Ҫǻٵˡ
Χ˶Ŀת´κһʵĻ棬һ̨ϼսˡ

ͻȻⶦһ𣬴̶缤ľκˣǵһϯΧХ
𾪵ط֣ⶦͷһ˴Сľ޶ƾճ֡޶âɣȫԪ۶ɣɢҫ۵Ĺԣַ֣Եúܹӡ
ⶦž޶ݺݳҶײȥӴƣҶоϢѹȸС
޶Ϣ̫ǿˣҶʵоΧӴѹƶĶ
䣡
һը죬Ҷش˵ɳȥѪ磬ݺݵ˵ϣ̨ĵ涼˲ѿһ˿˿Ѻ۳Χӳȥ
˻
ΧʱһƬ˵һ޶̫ǿˡ
ҵľѧŶ죬һ׶似Բ磬۾޶졣Ⱥ֮У˼ʶǷϳ似
ԣʱݣвҶеϧԪ棬ҶԲⶦֻϧҵĵۻ룬׶似ѹ
Ŷ죿
Ҷ̨ԱȺľ΢΢һǵѪҺվ
һΣϵĴз
䣡
һ죬Ҷоȫ˵ɣԪӿϣ޸ղܴҲʼҵĽɫâ
ΧȺ׷𺳣Ҷܵ޶ײȻܱ۷ս
ⶦҲͫһҶ죬ɭȻҳǿֻ龳ǿߣɲֻǿ󡣽ҵҪ㻹֧Ŷá
ɫأСҶ죬Źâɵľ޶ÿһ̤涼һ̨ĵ涼ѿ
ҶɫһޱأȫԪ߿Ѫ720Ѩų۵Ĺâ
˺ݺݵײһǰһսǽȴҶܲңһδκɳȥ޷ⶦ
̨ΧսǷ׷ҡͷǾҶѾˣȻǿ󣬵ϧⶦĶ֡
̨ϵ費ս˫ȭ֮ɫôûõ⣿
֪ڻóĵûãЩԾѪҲɻ
ʵϣʶҶˣʮӡַǣҲɻ벻⡣
տʼս˵ǺⶦƴⶦѾƴǶ似ˡ
ҶȴȻɣƾԼǿһδεֵⶦշѹƺǳĲǡ
ÿһҶ춼ɳȥͼⶦ
֡
ŵһЩ۳ǣҲüͷȻҶܲǡ
Ψ۴ϣϿһЩ۾΢΢ЦǺǵССӵѹĥԼתս塣
ҲУһԵȻ
ͨ˵ȻУһСӷǳսôãڵԪûм٣һֲֿٶšңûз֣ƺԽսԽˡ
ףǵأԿУʱ
ֻ̨ϣҶⶦ֧ŵʱԽԽżԺξ޶ⶦɫ䡣
ҶƤֽɫ˫йɷâ
ӦòԿʼˣȻҶһһۺԪڱͬһ߸
ôܣҶȻǿⶦ
Ҫ֪Ƕս˰ʱˣⶦԼԪĺܴȻҶȴͣ˿̱ƣȻ֮ǰǿˡ
𣡡
ȻҶһ캳أ¿ʼͷųҵĹâ
ʣµٿѨҲһ𱬰ɡҶͺڽʣµ200żѨһԱʱ޾Ԫӿ
ʵڲǰҶѾԱһſżѨˣĻԪĹˣﻹֵⶦ
Ա˼Ѩ֮ҶõӴԪЩԪʼһսһתս塣
ս֮УҶõ˺ܴĶԪٶҲӿ죬ʹľתսɿ졣
ʱҶľתսѾﵽ۷壬ͲһܴﵽԲˡ
ʱҶ콫ʣµ200żѨһԱӴڽľתս˴Բ硣
һ˲䣬ҶųҵĽɫâͬһɫ̫貣ϵ̫Ϊ֮ʧɫ
ͬһʱ䣬ҶʣԪʼڰ˿Ѫ
ǿƣ⡭㳡ϵĿ̨ϣ̲סվ𾪡
ҲѣҶʱͬһɫսƥ
ľתս˴Բ磬Ѿǿˣڳ龳磡Ҳˣ̾
ʲôתս徹Ȼı˴Բ磿Ծˡ
ȻֻǾתսĵһ㣬ڴ׹ʮ˹Ѿܾû˽һ˴Բˡ
Ҫҵ飿Ҫ㣡̨ϣⶦŭž޶Ҷ졣
䣡

Ҷͬ磬һȭӭȥ㵲סⶦľ޶
ǿƺеĲһΧѸɢ
̨һ
ҶⶦµĴأѿһ˿˿Ѻۣ˷ӳȥ
ţⶦͫ׽ţľ޶ȻҶ쵲סˣȫȫرסˡ
䣡䣡䣡
Ҷɫ侲Ϻȭͷǿױݺݵسⶦľ޶
ڣڼȭ֮޶ѺۣȻ˲ˡ
ôܣⶦ似ȻҶƾ򱬣ܴ
ھſţ
ʱҶ˫Ź⣬Ѿ˵ڰ˿Ѫڳھſš
䣡
ŵڰ˿ѪɣҶٴγһǿƣǿֲѪƷҽֱϾ졣


113 ̤
Ź㳡һƬž˶𾪵ؿŰУǵڽɫâ꣬һսһޱȼ¶
̨ϣѾһƬǽ壬ҶڰУɢųҵĽɫâԪһԵķⶦĹ赲⡣
ҲţⶦޱȾŭʵȻ޷ҶĻԪôܣ
ȻʵˣҶȫ߶ɫ£˷ӿټ200żѨԱڵԪﵽһֲֿĵز
ǷȥҶڵƬգʵʻڵԪͬҽɢһɺ嫵Ϣ
ڳ龳簡˸̾ޱ𺳣龳磬㶯ǳټ
ǿʵȻ龳磬Щ˵ͨɻ󣬷ǳ⡣
ԽŵˣͻƾԽѣһͻ֮󣬼ͬ޵֡ŵһλ۳տտ̾ѡ
Ҳ۾˫â䣬̾һŵӵУ⣬˭ûд츳ǿ
һԵԣЩ˼ʵϾãҼȣ˭أ
ñȣ츳߸ǿǴǱܴ󣬶ҼϷҲ͸ӵǱ΢΢ҡͷ
ֱӻʲôơȴ̨ϵҶ졣
ơɣҲЩڴؿ̨
УҶϵĹâԽԽңֱﵽһ֮ٶȱһɿµĲȵѪͬһ㣬ֱ񷡣
ⶦɫ䣬ˣټһĺȻһ˿ֵĸоǳ
ʵϣ̨ΧȺҲָо·һͷµ̫Ƶġ

ڴʱҶһ𶯲񷡣
ҵĽɫâԽԽҫ۶ĿʹҶƻһ̫ɢź嫵Ϣɡ
û֪˿̵Ҷǳʹ࣬ڸղţھſѪѾɣʱ۵ʮѪһˡ
ҲһҶеģʮѪҪԪ̫Ӵˡңֻһ㣬ֲֿĲ
Ҷ·̵ҽ֮Уޱʹܵ˿µİȫ£ûһطۡ
ΪʲôҵһľתսѾԲΪλ޷֧ŵʮѪҶһʹ࣬һ侲˼š
ҲģҪô屬ըҪôʮѪɣҶ˫죬׷ˡ
һֻܷҪɹˣɿ˸ʮѪ龳֮У޵еġ

Ҷޱʹɫ꣬ȴڲϵӿȻתԪʹõʮѪһ
һôСĵʮѪʼһԪϱ
ʱţʮѪѪ֣һ˾㤵ϢͻȻҶϱʹΧȺɵúˣоһֲѹ
⡭̨ϣⶦͫ׽ͷ亹εΡҶϴϢܵ˾޴ѹȸУ˫ȶ浤һȡ
ʵϣⶦһˣҶʮѪɹʱ̨ΧȺֻҪ龳ŵӣо浤һϢЩˡ
һЩ龳µŵӣоҶϴĿֲϢ׷
ҶХʮѪɹͬʱһɿֲʹܵǰδеĴ
һЩʵǿųϣʱҶѪɵ÷׷𾪵վ
ô£
ƺҪˣ
һϢҪˣ
ŵĺ۳Ƿ׷𺳡
Ҳվüͷ˫֮У貵ľ⣬𾪵ԭˣСӵõ˴ѵҪһ漣ϧ˵һ̾ЩڴЩϧ
һԵԴɻʵôʲô
ûзʲôСҪɹˣϵ˵漴۾ٹ
ĵԽɻˣüͷ̨ϵҶ죬ֹһʲôֻСЩŹ֣һȻǿϢ
Ҷ첻°ɣ̨ϣ֮ɫ
ģѾ龳磬ѾˡѪҡͷɫЩָ࣬ҶھѾҶ쳬Խˡ
ȻŲǷܹȵġѪ껰̾

䣡
һɿֲҶ建£һҫ۵ĽɫâҲ
Ҷ˫磬һޱߵӿ޸Щ𻵵ԼڵԪ
һ̣ɫУΧʮѪƯһ壬γһѪɫΧС
ɫ깵ͨʮѪͬʱγһ޴УΧ
Ҷ˲оԼٶӵһɿֲĳ̶ȣʮѪ·ʮ磬Ԫ
һҶȴоԼԪѾԶԶﵽⶦˡ
ʮִ֮УŻԪƳһڲϢ
ڳɹˣ
Ҷ侲ϣβסһϲɫ˻ȭͷһǿĸоļ䡣
һ̣оޱȵţ־Եʵʮ㣬һж֡
΢΢ЩŵⶦҶǳһĨЦݣô㻹Ҫ𣿡£һɰƳŶⶦӿȥ
ⶦɫһɭŭѵûзϻֱӳҶ졣һ޴ĹŶɢŶĿĹâҶѹ¡
ֶνڴ𣿡ҶЦҲʲô׼ֱӶž޶һȭֲԪƳһȥ
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һը޶飬ⶦɫһףܵشǿɳȥѪ硣
̨ϣҵĳ϶ʱ
һЩҵˣҲսȭͷĶҶ졣
˾𺳣Ҷǿ޷ݣ֮ǰǵһαһⶦȻ˵Ĳһ
һˣԶʮӡַɵ˷׷׸̾
Ʒг˼ʣҧ촽Ҷ죬Ĳġ
ɴʫϿʲô飬𾪰ɡ
¶һ˿أãµĵһս
ƷԷ˷ۣǰΪ˼ȿоˣǿֱŹͷ
ʫϣЩҡҡͷ
̨ϣⶦɫ԰ףȴǲҶսգʵؿһҶ죬̨
ܿ죬һ۳Ҷʤ
ΧһƬǾĴϮΪҶᱻ̭û뵽ȴĽ
һ£Ҷ˶ڵˡ


114 ʮǿ
ҶӮˣ
Ǵת֮ǰ˭뵽ⶦȻܸҶ죡
ǺڵĹװҪڵĽడ
һȭͰⶦˣǸողŽ龳磿
ʮǿҪˣôһһţǶҪıԽ
ԺҪˣ

һսĻ˳Ծⶦ̭һˡ
һЩǰսŵӶ׷𾪣˵Ҷھϱŵӻһξ룬µǱҪ˶þͻʧ
ʱҶѾԾˣŶˡ
Ļ̫ۺˣټ츳һͻ龳磬Խս˷׷׾̾Ҷ켴̨ȴȻ˹עĽ㡣
˿̨սˣֱӺˡ
ϣΪҼΣ̨ϣջشҶĿ⣬һԵϡ
ϻӣһ˫۾͸һľâսͬǿ߽Ļǵ츳ñȡ
Ǵ׹ѾܾûгµˣҼҲֻǱǻһЩΣҪԺ·΢΢ҡͷ󣬼˵ҸҶ졣
оһЦŴȤ⻰Ҫ֪»׵ġ
ǺǣһЦ

㳡ϣ̨ȻڼΪⶦܣʹҶһˣлһʮǿսļҡ
Ҷڻⶦ֮󣬵õ˺ܶʱϢΪΪֵˣһɫѡ䡣
Ц˭ΪҶǶڵţЩ˻֪ģҺҶ춯֡
ҶҲֻεҡҡͷ뿪̨ȥսˡ
ַɺˮһ̨һڲúһҶʱеźΪַ̭ɺˮ˭ʤһᱻ̭ʮǿ
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ãһƬڴĿУʮǿսʼˡ
ṷ̂ˣÿ˶Ҫ˸սһԱѡеǿߡ
Ҷ졢ӡˮʮ˷׷̨̤˵棬ʼǩѡ֡


115 弶
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ʮǿṷ̂ҶûʲôģץһֽŴ򿪡
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ⲻˮǿкüҶĻԪСȭͷ޷Ҷһۼ
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˲䣬һɰ־Χеı


118 Ļ

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λʦֵܶѹסԼһóѣ

ӱǹͬʱ̨ܵĹս߷׷׾һȫԪסеı
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һЩ˸ֻЦؿǱֻ޴Ԫѹӡڣ˭֪䶨ˡ
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ĳǣһĽؿѪ껣˶ϵ
˭֪ҶѪǣֿžصĵλѪ껵ĵλҲˮǴߡ


119 
㳡ϣһƬڣȺ۷׷ס
һŵձ鳬ԽҶ졢ӡʫˣǸһ̨ĵһҪǿܶࡣһţҪ˶ãˢǰ
ڴҪˣ֪ǰϵʮλʦǷܵѹ
ܶǰĸֶڴ׹ǵ֪һ־»Ȳظϻ
ŴҲûж೤ʱˣʱ򣬲֪Ҷ졢ܹﵽߵĳ̶ȡ
˵ǵ츳û˵ǵʱ䲻ˡҪڶʱЩǰϵĸ棬²ô򵥵ġ
һŴȣҶ졢Ǿܹǰǰʮ
˭֪أҲһֳ˲õˣ֪ΪʲôҺȻоſʼʢˣЩƺԽԽŻ۵š
źðǿˣǲܻøԴ

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Щŵǣ򰵰Լȡ֮龳磬Ϊһŵӡ
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˵Ӱ;֪˲ͱٶȻ˹ȥ
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ŵһλ۳ϳڳУϣһλӣ䲻͸һǿѹ
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λ۳ΧȺʱһƬĽʺ޵Ŀ⣬̨ϵҶ˹
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Ӧģ˵ֻ¹ãϣȻҲЩôǺܴ󡣡
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ԣݴ½ʯĵλɶҡšҪԴ
ʱһʯ֣ᣬ׹Ŀܡ

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һߴվУУǰǹǧʿǳš
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ǵϣſֵЦݣ˶ҶδõΡ
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䡭
˲䣬оԴһ˶֮С
ܿ죬ϢҶ֮˷ڡӵСǣһǧĻɽһӱ


120 
ŵڣɽһƬȺָɹ䣬ǧ
Ҷ졢ˮʫϵ̨ǰʮǿԼⶦƷɡַﵽ龳ĵùһʮˡһ۳ϵĴ£ɽһƬѤΰȺ
һƬǳ׳۵ĽȺһɫĹɽһɫı飬Ρľ޷档
ҶǿƬɫĽȺʱһŨ񵽼˶Ǿһ
ŨŵӾסĵطöˡ
һסĺԺһסŵӺŵӵĲྐྵȻô󡣡
֪ЩŵӣΪʲôһƴҪˡЩĺԺȣֱǻʹ

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ΧһЩŵţм֮ɫǼΧŹַɵŵӣҲʱ֣ͣҶͽս
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񵶵ЦţȻǸոս߼ã߼Ĳܴôܻᱻһ˴ܡ
ţҲԽô࣬ţûгֹš
ȻûƬ̣ϵЦݾˡ
ΧЩŵԭЦݣҲͻȻÿ˵۾ɵϴ˼ضǰ
ԶĹâ֮УһƺߣһǱӰ˳ݺڵϡ
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֪˭һΧʱһƬţ˶񿴹һŴӹâ֮߳Ҷ졣
ҶֱߵַǰĿ⣬ɨܣ˵Ǿô۸ͬŵ𣿡


122 Ҷǿ
ΧһƬţ˭ûгǶ֮С
һ߼ǿߣȻԪһˣ˶о˼顣
ҶĿ⣬·һĿɨеˣظоһвɵȻ
ԶĿ񵶣һĿ⣬һЩɫҲ˺ܶࡣ
ΪͬʦֵܣྺǿԵģˣ۸һˣͲ߳𣿡
Уղ˭˵һΣʹһεģ
Ҷ˵Ŀ⣬һ棬ǰΧַɵļŵӡ
ַɺݺݵصǣŭ
ǼŵӶʱоһͣɫ֮ǰЩм˽ǲһꡣ
ʱҶĿҲ֮ȥ
ĵװһʱ֪Լ¶ˣûк£ǲмؿҶ죺˵ôĥЩˣӦøмҲŶԡ
Ҳĥһ㣡ҶЦ붼룬̳֣ʮѪ뱬һɿֲԪʱ
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ԱߵַɡˮʫҲһ£漴˶һۣ˱˴еļᶨ½ȡԼʯݸҶ졣


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һŴȺʣʱ˰ɣô̵ʱ䣬ǰУҪǰʮǿǲЩǿˡַɳɵ
ʮӵ˵ͷЩص˵˵ǰʵĶżǰʮǿǰ벽ڣܹԽһ
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ϷҲ̫׹ҿ϶оתսȫϾ׹㲻裬ҲܳгģǺǣػսĳϳһ£Ц˵
οؿҶ죬̾Ϸû뵽ɾתս壬ֻʱ䣬ǽɽ˲ų˰ЦʱϷȰǺհ
ˣҪߵ·ԶءҶǫ֮ɫ
ûޣСӵ츳ϷƽټҪ˶ãǰϾˡػսĳϰ˰֡
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ҶĿһ̲סе顪ʽ
⵶ŵĴΪֹҲֻдһɡСӣ֮ھ˾תսһ㣬似츳ϷҲὫŵ㡣˵ʵܲܳɹŵҪԼˡ
ػսĳ˵


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Ҷɻؿػսĳϣдһ˿֮ɫʲôֵ似ˡǰľתսûܹɹšʽҲֻһɣѵҪϡŹֵ似
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Ҷ˵ͷҲ֪ŵȲϾתս壬Ͼתս似ݴ½ı׼׾ˡ
ڴ׹Сط似Լοסʥ׵ǿ似
ҶҲֻʣŽʽĵǳġ
似ȻҶȻ뵽̨ʱǸ۴ϣ޵еƣ񶼳ǲǿߡ
Ҷ죬úɣҲתսٴһ漣ػսĳϹ˾תսĳɹѾҶ似츳۷
һŬģҶԿЦһ£תսҪ츳Լ似츳֪ԼԺаɡšʽûпʱ޷϶ԼǷܹɡ
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ػսĳĿҶȥдһ˿ζЦݣ˵ôСܹʽ𣿡
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ϳֻһɵ⣬ŵû⣬似츳ߣûá
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ػսĳϵ˵ͷһЩڶ־ο龳ߡ
ӣҲǵõľǹӣһǹ⻹Զء

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ˮҶ춼ûͬ⣬ֻ£Դա


129 һ֮
ŵӺƽһʼ񵶵˵ս⣬Ҷ콫֮󣬱Ҳû˸ˡ
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ʮӺַҲˮѾͷ̤ǶнܹĽٶȣΪʯ㹻
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ˣҲҪüꡣ
ԣͨŵӣɲҶȫʯĸǸܲ
ԣټǿ츳ҶܹڶʱǿôʵҲȻ

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ϲˣҶףЦݣٱʫϣȴЩȣû뵽ʫϾȻ״ӣһϼΪʦáԺϼǿϵƷɵС
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뵽һͬţûþͱǶ˦Զʮӡַɡˮ˶ʡǶ֪Լ츳ȲҶʫϣ˿Ҳƴ

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ϧ۳ϸǣⲻһ֮ڽʱǲòһλ۳Ϊʦ
ҲãǵΪ̫ͣȥЩΣաȻ۳ϱȲ۳ϣǵΪ㹻̵ˣúɡҶǳͬص˵ͷ漴ʮӡ
ʮԵúɣЦʵֻŵӣϾĶӣаٷݡҼͷӺйԼҲҪʲô񡣲ͷѾҼ飬һȥһˣ͵ء
šҶ˵ͷʮģϾֿٶΪУҲҶԸʮӣǰٶҪ췴
ȻˣŴʱپۡҶЦ˵
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˹ЦŲᣬȥ


130 С
ɪɪҶ׷ɡ
Ҷ֮У߹һȥ
ˣˡ
ʫȥɽ嶥ˣˮַҲǵʦȥˣʮҲ뿪š
ټ֮УҶһѡ
ŵӣҲ֪ȥҲӰӡ
˵ʵҶЩ֣츳Щ۳ӦӲŶԡǽȴɻһʱ䣬û۳۳Ҳû
ַʣкܶ۳ţҪΪӡ
ҶΪ̨ĵһʱ˼Ŀ񵶣츳˵ŵһҲǿǰġ
Ҳûһ۳Ҷ졣
²Ҷɻ󣬾ʮҲǳɣ˼۳ѯʣõȴǡ޿ɷ桱ĸ֡
ȻЩɻ󣬲ҶڰʦżѪħ䣬ûʦ̵Ҳ磬Ҳġ
һ죬Ҷھ뿪ţ׼һȥһʱŴˣʱҪڴ֮ǰԼΪ
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̤Ҷɨȥ㿴һλɫ۵ڿϣ۾ؿǰվŵǡ
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ⶦһ򵥵񣬸˵ⶦæл
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ΧŵԣнһҶĿ⣬ڿһһ


131 
صҶûж˵ʲôֻɨһԱЦⶦ壬˵˵ŵ洫ʸκγԼսյԼսĳϣܾųϣȵӽ洫ӣһ̵ֽġ
仰вս⣬˲š
˵仰ҶתȥˣֻһĮıӰ
ԣɫʱһ䣬ҶıӰУɱ⡣
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вϣΨҶһˣ

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뿪Ҷ쳯ԼĹȥһ·š
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ֲɱ⣬ҶǳϤΪҲӵС
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Ҷ˼תʱ򣬶ĺ껺γĳһĨ֣ʹҶһɺ⡣
סɱˣѪ˵һɸӰɱƵΧ¶ȶ˲併ࡣ
Ҷо˼Σ̲סȵ˭ﶯ֣ŵĳϷ𣿡
ŵĳϷֲˣѪһЦֱָҶ죬ܵһķâ
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ѪмҶ죬ĿУ˼
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ǰĺ꾹ȻǿߣҶû˿֮ͱԷսС֮С
Ҷʱܵ˾޴Σ


132 ֮
İСУɱҶüͷгɻ
ڴˣ˵֪ҵ٣ͽֻǲ֪һˣŵӣҶ찵²⣬漴ϸŶĺ꣬ɫǳء
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ѪȻûҶԼСУ̧߰ͷмؿҶ죬˵֮ҳֵģΪʲôԸ㣬ҾͲ֪ˣ˵ҵҲţӣǵˡ
ⶦҶ۾гһߣ˸űĺɱ⣬뵽Уⶦ϶ߵһĻʱһС
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ǣʱѾˣҶǿֲһ޾ƣͷϷ£񷣡

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ѪСʧһЯɱĵ⣬һֱ񷣬캳أշƱɫ
ҶΧԶࡢޣزܵޱߵѹҶķ򣬳˾η֮ɫ
ɽһ󲨶λŵĳϴ𾪵ɫ̤նҶķ
䣡
ҵĵâһƬ󣬽ҶѪһû


133 սƷ
ֱƲ񷣬ɱءƥƣɽ֣һƬ
ս޷󼰣ֻ
Ƴưھ磬ıѵһƷһЩǿ߶δӵС
ҶȻ޷ӳսȫҲ˾
ѪˣǺƴĵâҵɱʴ˵һľתս壬Ȼסƥһ
ؾ޵С
Ҷ˫âɣĵսΪһ壬ﵽ˵һľ硣һɾâֱϾ졣
Ѫˣľתս屻ɾâ飬µĵâűĳĲӴ¡
䣡
ѪѪһҺڵӣ漴ֻһĿ⣬ŶҶ졣
˵زɾ
ҶսΧþòɢƥ⣬һץѪʬ壬Զȥ
úг˼ˣɨ档
ԶĵطһЩǿڸ
ȻҶȥ¥գʧ
Щֻζ飬ǵĵ׷ǳ𾪣ղǹϢһһƷ
ڴ׹ʮ˹һƷǿ߶Ϊ֮ƴᡣ
ҲҶһֱҽ䱩¶ԭŵЩǷˣֻΪͨټҶŵĵӣԾûԴСˡ
Ȼ֪һƷôҶŵĵӣҲѱǲۺˡ
ൽʱҶһЩôˡ

㼫ٵͿշ˴죬Ҷȷû׷ʱ򣬱ҸΪεĵطһɽѪʬ壬˽ȥ
ⶦȻ붯˰ٶŵĵӣһڼӦǰٶŵ洫ӣϵı١
͸Ŷ΢ĹâҶ쿴ŵѾȥʱѪʬ壬˸ȵĹâ
ͬҶսһѪţһ㶼Щ˿϶Щϡ
գҶѪ˺ܾãֻһٶŵƣоһЩƱ
ţôֻЩҶɻһٶŵ洫ӣţȻֻʲôûУԲܡ
֨֨
ʱСҶĻ˳·Ÿո˯ѵӣ˻СԴգһֻ۾شܡסѪʬ壬ƿʲôƵģ۾ʱһ
СҿһʲôҶ쿴С󣬶ʱ۾һ֪ѰҲʲô
СҲ֪ǷҶĻԴҶͶȥһӡ
ԣǱӣСǳ鶯ԻҶҧгݣ׼ץСһ󡰳ͷ
ڴʱСƾʧˣҶ˸ա
ţô£СأҶʱһæĴ鿴ȴôҲҲСټ
ҶЩ𾪵뵽־ⲻܣû˵ͨ
СҲˡ
СкóԵģ
С
˰ζûҵСҶ첻ɵýˣĴ
ڴˣҶһ˴󺰴УΪˡ
Լȥʱ֮һ˿ĲҶע⣬Ѫʬ忴ȥʱС̤ѪԴ档
ˣҶ컹СֻСצץһӣϡ
С󿴵Ҷʱʱصһۣһֻצָ֨֨š
ҶʱѾˣͬʱҲСղȥˣҲ֪ΪʲôҲѪıˡ
ԭС磡
ǿ߿ԼС磬С粻սŶϾôĿռ䣬˭ԸѶϣȲֲա
Ҷ𾪵ǣСȻܹѪС֮УⲻòˡѰ󣬾Ȼ
ţҶȴæСץסǸӣϡ
еأҶȻһ£漴ϳһڴ˹УСײˣܵҶͷϣͷŪѡ
Ҷʱûϴ򿪰ز鿴
еĶܶ࣬һЩ飬һЩŵҩСƿӣʯһЩ·Ʊ
ҶȴЩСƿӿһ飬һЩͨͳϵȵͼҩʣµһЩҩ͸ŹŹֵζһʶ
ٶŵĵҩɲҳԣЩһǾԶ֮ĺã⼸ƿͨͳϵǿԸҶǡҶ룬Щҩ
Ҷ˷ܵؽٿʯ洫ӣϴʯٿ飬Ҷ첻ȱʯˡ
ѹЩŵŵӶҪһֱȻûΣգҲõЩˡ
Σ棬ߵϣһδεĥôۣܵ
Ҷ첻ɵø̾
Щ飬˲µ似еǳʧǽ׼Ҷҡ
ţǡȻҶ۾һȵضסеӵ鼮
ǳͨǷļ֣Եޱҫ۶Ŀ
תս壬һ㣡
תս壬ڶ㣡
Ҷ֮ɫæһ㣬鿴ʱݺſľתսһһģһ
ټ򿪵ڶ鿴Ҷ۾ԽԽûпڶ㣬ܹ϶Ǿתսĵڶ㡣
û뵽̤Ьٴȫѹ򣡡

Ҷоϲ֣ôҲ벻ô͵õ˾תսڶ㣬ܹɹƥǿߡ
һŴʱԿԴǰʮ
պþתսڶ㣬Ҷ쿴ǽʣµһ飬Ȿܺ񣬲似һ顣
Ҷģжʱ¶֮ɫ
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ҶۿȥѪļУ˲ٰٶŵϢܸȤ
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ৣ
ҶͫһＤâסеռǡ


134 ȡ֮
򶾳أ
Ҷ춢еռǣ¶ȵĹâ˶˷ܵĲˡ
򶾳һĶҩһӶһ־ĥıҩ
ȻҩϾǶҩ㾭˰ٶŵľĴ򶾳ȻкǿĶԣһ˿ܵ˵ġ
ҩֻЩޱǿǿ幦ߣܽ򶾳صĹЧһԼȼ
ڰٶţΨһЩ츳ܳţܵ򶾳ϴĴ
һΣѪ׼ȥ򶾳ؽϴ񣬽ľתսڶԲʱһϰٶţҪٶŵɱҶ졣
ٶֿ˲֪Ĵ֮һҲǳǿȻͰٶڰЩᡣ
ٶҪֿչҲٲİ֧֣Զλϵǳӡ
պѪ׼ȥ۳ǽ򶾳صϴ;·ɽԱ
ڰٶŵ˿Ѫھǿߣʹˣ龳Խǿߣǿʵһŵŵӻ׾١
ҵˣڵ֪ٶɳһλ洫ӺҲ϶Ҷˡ
飬ҶԲµóⶦǰ׳հи֪Ѫɽ⣬׼ɱҶ졣
ϧǣٶŵˣҶûϵҶӵսȻѪɱˡ
ٶŵ֪ǵѪˣ»ޱȺڰɡ
Ҷռǣ˼ɫЩأ˸ϣƺھʲô顣
Ȿռ֮УҶõһȵϢǾѪǳϲĽˡ
ңѪһֱڰٶŸʦٳȥԣڰٶţ󲿷ְٶŵҲֻ˵Ѫţȴ˼
ڳ۳򶾳ܵصİٶǿߣҲûмѪֻǽӵ֪ͨһ츳ǿҪ򶾳ؽϴ
뵽ҶһһļƲߡ
è̫ӣȡ֮
Ҷ췢ԼѪǳơ
Ͳζɱ¾⣬˶תսһԲ
¾ǰٶţҲ뵽һŵӣȻѪƵ̶ֳȡ
ҶţѪռмģڳ۳򶾳ܵصİٶǿߣûмѪĻôȡ֮ĳɹʷǳ
һɹĻôͿԽ򶾳أڶľתսԲ
ʱʵһǿߣѪǿߣ㲻ʹսҲаջʤ
򵥣ˣһҪǱ¶ˣôҶ
ҪȥѨһˣÿһߴͻһȥˡ
ҶĿ˸ԾȻ˵뻢Ѩɵûӣ츳ͲûҪðա
ңѾõתսڶ㣬˶໨һЩʱûҪðȥ۳ǡ
뵽Ҷ췭תսڶ㣬ϸо
ڶԱȵһɬѶˣҶ似츳Ҫһۣ˼ܾáóһۣҪڶ㣬ûиʱǲеġ
⻹Ҷǻ˱ˣ¼ʮ궼δܹɹ
ɴ˿ɼתսļѡ
һʱŴˣҪڴ֮ǰɾתսڶ㣬˽򶾳⣬ûеڶַˡ
һô죿
ȥ
ǲȥ
ҶԺУ־ԥżҵ˼붷
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˵գҶһѪؿڣʱɫһ˫ӣ͸õ⡣
󣬺ɫ˳ҶƣѪʬ
ҶµòѪ츳Ȼ˵ãɫ꣬ɫǳȻҶǸŽõɫ껹Ҫ
һڳȫҶ죬ɫ꣬Ѫɫ֮ɫ˺ܶࡣ
䣡
Ѫ֮ҶоԼڵһһɼȵжʱȫ
ܵϵӿҶ죬ҶڵĵطƱһƵġ
û뵽ô࣬ȻЩǿ꣬ҽĸ죡Ҷտտоںһ޾̧֮䣬֮趯оˡ
Ƭ̺Ҷ컻ϴѪҵİٶ洫·ȻѪơͷѪһ磬ҷ衣
˵Сӳ˱ҳòһЩ⣬ƶȻߵģԱһ£Ҷ°ͣЩ˵
֨֨
˵СֳͶӵ
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޴Ԫƣһɺ嫵ɽˡ
ҶʧС

Ҷ˳۳ǣǳؾѪǲǺԶǵһ۳ǡ
۳ǱѪǺͺѪǶҪʢܶ࣬Ϊ۳ʢĳʯǴļƷʯˣ۳ǵ˺ܶ࣬ʹޱȷʢ
ӿ֮УҶɫĮü֮䣬¶һµİһοѪʱӡ
Ѫռļأ򶾳صܵأڽһɽׯ֮СɨΧȺҶ
Ҷյǣ֪ɽׯڽ۳ôҪڽҵһɽׯڴ롣
ֻˣ
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ΪٶżȻ򶾳ôҪĶڳ۳ǣôǿ϶ʱ̼ų۳ǵķ紵ݶֻҪҡڵڳ۳ǣᱻٶŵĵӷ֡
֮ô϶Ϊǰٶ洫ӵʽΣκһٶŵӿҶ죬ϳݡ
ȻٶֿĿڱǺܺãһûаٶŵĵӻԸҡڵأʽγ߶
ҶҲΣֻѡһУȥѰ򶾳ء
ʵϣҶĲ²ǳȷٶΪȷ򶾳صİȫȷʱ̼ų۳ǡڰУ۳ǵĵаٶŵĵѲӣǳſڣÿ춼һλٶŵĵӼš
ԣҶڳſڵʱ򣬾Ѿмӵİٶŵӷˡ
Ҷ챳۾ʱͻ֣ᷢڳſڵʮʿСһС۾ʿɴһ˫С۾ŵؿҶıӰ
洫ӣôܡλʿǰٶŵһŵӣһ۾ͿҶ촩·ʽǵȷǰٶ洫ӵĶзΡ


135 
¥УҶո²ãûüвˣһС˹صˣ
˵֮䣬С͵͵Ҷ¶һƣĵƣһ֩Ե÷ǳֲ
ٶŵˣҶʱһʶˣȴʶȻǴ·ϳݵġ
գҶư̧ͷмؿСһۣ·
ǣҶ߰ӣСûвˣԵøӵĹˡ
Ҳѹ֣ٶɭϵĵȼƶȣСֻһŵӣôҵҶ洫أҶɱٶŶΪһŵӶͷһ洫ӡ
ҲµĹȻûٶΪȷ򶾳صİȫڳ۳ǲ˰ߡ
Ҷ챳˫֣߰ظСĿ˸˼
ˣƹѾȺڴˡСؽҶ쵽һ䷿ݵſڣҹ롱ơ
濴ţκ˽ҶƳСһۣߵ
ǣСæصͷʵҶ˵Ҳ⣬ƹͷԸˡ
֨
ŷűƿҶҡڵ˽ȥ۵һߣűƿ߲ɵתҶ졣
ţҶģʱ߲ɵüͷ¶һ˿ɻ
ˣ
ҶһĮؿߣѾ˱ĴСֻҪκ춯֣Ȼ뿪۳ǡ
ǰߣҲһңûʲô츳ȲѪţҶʮİսɱ
洫ӣ˭Ϊʲôûм㣿߿ʵһ˿ɻ󣬲ûж֡
Ҷһɣм˵ڵ洫㶼𣿡Ѫָ߰Ŀһеӡ
ӣҵݲûб¶Ҷ찵뵽Լ洫ӳֵ̫ͻȻˣԲ˶ߵɻ
Ͼ۳Сطٶŵ洫Ӻٻ󲿷洫ӣ洳ȥˣЩ뿪˴׹
ǰٶŵĳϣڼһЩ洫⣬Դ۳غ󣬾Ѿܾûп洫ˡ
ԣڿҶҡڵسڳ۳Ǻ󣬶һ洫ԼʶЩɻˡ
Ҳ˶ѣ߲ûоҶǱαװġ
ڵ洫ȷûȫҲֻڼ˶ѣ⼸˶һľţǰٶŵĶ֪һλҶİȻҲЩˣ֮Уһ˿
Ͷˣм㲻֪
ҶԣϵİȻûм٣߰ͷǰߣԵ˵ҾеǼˣϻ˵Ұһȥ򶾳ء
򶾳أһ¶ʱٻҶˣΪڰٶţ֪򶾳صҲ٣֪򶾳صģ϶ǰٶŵˡ
ҶĿһеӣ°ȻôҲǰٶŵĳϣ㲻Щ洫ӣҲٶŵĸ߲ˣǰҶȴһӶСһ
£߳˵¼Ȼ֪򶾳أôҲþ֪أҪͨǱߣ¸֪
Ѫ
Ҷ˵գһҵɱѹ£˲䱬ڼߣһӶ˼
˻ɱ¾⣡ߴʧɫȴûж֣ϾæҶ£˵ԭ٣С϶۲ʶ̩ɽˡ

Ҷ찵һû뵽Ѫڰٶŵĵλôߣɲͨ洫ӣǵδˡ
ѵҶȻ뵽һֿܣѪǸʦ𣬻ǰٶŵ
˻
뵽ҶоͷƤһ飬Ҫðٶŵ֪ԼɱͽܣԺӶҪڰɱжɹˣðٶԳ֡
ұѪѾϢֻҪٶһ飬ܲ鵽ɱҶоһͷۣοϴ鷳ˣԼ°ٶŵıٶŶҶǳ֣ôڶˡ


Ҷ˼ʱЩźҶȥ״ʱҪѲƤ
Ҷ쵭Įؿһۣȥûʱϻ
ǣæͷȻҶ̫ã֪Լӹһ٣вɵôϲ
ȥ֮Ҷڷڵϣü˼ҪһЩϸ⡣
ȣѪڰٶŽɱһȥ
һһѪȥϢȥҶ컹ţôɵӶܲµѪҶйء
ѵҪ˼𣿡Ҷ찵뵽Ҫ뿪׹ٰҲȥӣ֪᲻Ʋ
ҶͷȲ˵ڵΪΣգ˭֪ٶŵʱ᲻ΪǨŭҶǡ
Ҷ첻ҴģٶűϾħɣΪ¶ǿ϶ġ
ҪšôѪһԣҵѪţһ˷֣Ϊûɱҡ
ҶоԴ㵱һ̫ˣҪԲ治һĹܹõġ
գҶһһȼٰѪݣ򶾳ؽܹϴ񣬴ӶѪŵϢ
һͲõİٶŵıˡ
һѪȻţôҶΪûȥҪһԲȥ
ڶѪ϶ǲٻذٶˣøһʱڲܻڵĻԡ
ڶý򶾳ϴ֮󣬱Ҫ뿪׹ȥ洫ӳȥǺģٶŵҪĥѪҲѪȥҶ찵뵽
ڵһ飬ҪһѪûɱɣЩ鷳ΪҪǣҡ
Ҷ˼һ۾һ˵ãһλǿߣҸˡȻԵЩɺˣҲ˵ùȥҾ㲻Ҳֻӳˡң⻹ܽѪȥԭû񣬸оЩʶʵĲ㣬Ծȥˡ
û⣬̫ˣ
Ҷ̲סЦЩ
Ѿ׼ˣʲôʱʱ⴫߹
ҶЦݣָѪһưĮӣھͳ
˵գƿţ˳ȥ
úҶһУŽȥ
ϳľǸСоǳ˷ܣܹݳǼӶ޲ĸ֡
ڰٶţѪһ棬ܽڣһ˾תսһ㣬Ӳǣɱ¾⡣
һţ׹ҲڶټѪʦǰٶŵ
ԣ˵УѪһļ̳ˡ
ڵһЩ洫ӲҲֻڰ̭ڱ¶
С֪ҶʵݵĻ֪᲻ỹΪĸ֡


136 ɽׯ
УҶ۾Ϣ
ϾҪִ򶾳ܵˣ˵ǼٵģϾŲٰٶŵĸһй¶ôȴľֻˡ
г˼֮䣬ҶְеϢһ飬ȡѪռǣеһЩҪطٿһ顣
ڣҶ϶һЩ飬򶾳ܵصİٶŸ֣ٻذٶšңѪɳգ˽ڱ֮⣬ǰԹ档
ϳҵĸӦúܵͣ°ٶܲǱˡҶЩҲ֪ʱ߻ͷ·ѾˣҲĲᶨˡ
һʲôҪеףҶ¶ᶨĿ⡣
ǰٶȲǺܿ죬˴֮ҶСĹ
ǵˣ
ţ
Ҷ쵭ĮӦһӴ⣬ǰԶһͨɽׯռزǺܹ㣬ȴʮɭϡ
ɽׯֻһߵĴ¥ΧпΧǽΧǽվߣ⿴ɽׯһɽկӡ
ΧĴ֮УҶ컹һ˫˫ӣעڵ
ɭϵҶһݣ֪ԼѾ̤뻢ѨˡڣһһҪѪһй¶ȴĽǰٶǿߵΧ

ҶһĮü֮䣬һ˿ư֮ɫģѪ̬
һߵĿעУҶǵڽɽׯ
ʱɽׯѾۼ˲ˣҪļ߲㣬縺ֶվڴ¥ſڣɽׯŵķ
ΧһЩɽׯڲߣҲߴߴţǳ𱬡ʱأ˿ɽׯſڣ¶Ľʡʵɫ
ЩгһЩٶŵŵ⣬ʣµĶǰٶŵŵӣһǸά򶾳صŵӡ
˵򶾳ܹڣûǵĹͣҲǵһݿ͡
Ϊˣ֪򶾳صһݷݶҩǾڵƣȻ򶾳Уپһ
˾׼õıҩȴ˱ˣǵλٵͣ˿Ҳ˲ƽ⡣
ԣǿҶкǿҵĵ⡢ʺͲʡ
Щ˵УһŽ»꣬һضŴɽׯſڻֻҪˣܿõϵļʺͷŭ
ׯҲˣǱϾǰٶŵĵӣҪֻܵͷܡһڽ»̾Ϣ
ӦףһģΪʲôͻȻˣҲİ»ҧгݣжðһˡ
̰ɣϴˣ򶾳ҹڻᲹׯġЩε˵
ƾʲôƾʲôҪϴˮҵ»սȭͷü¶ֳ˿жôŭ
ƾǰٶ״ӣδİٶׯ£òͷǻ̰ɡ˵һְο
»û˵ɫԽԽˣԶгɱ⡣
Աߵһ̾
»ﳤ磬ɽׯׯĸװ죬ͬʱҲǰٶŵһλϡ
ά򶾳أǰٶһȺ壬Ǽȿ˵ǰٶŵĵӣҲ˵ڰٶŵ
һ峤ǰٶŵĵӣΪ򶾳ص㱻ｨɽׯרά򶾳ء
һķܣѾһڰٶŵСٶҲй涨ڰĹͣǼĵϵӵܣԶΪٶŵŵӡǼϵӵܣԶΪٶŵŵӣǵ峤Զǰٶŵĳϡ
֮Ϊ򶾳ضڵģٶҲ˶ذ塣
ﳤΪׯδİ峤̳ˣټ츳ǹǰٶŸ߲򶾳ؽһϴǰٶŶǰ壬ôŬĽ͡
˭Ҳ벻ѪʱأһҪ򶾳תս塣ԣİﳤ磬㱻ʱʸ񣬽øѪ
˵ף첲ȣٲģҲֻ̡ܴϾǿΪ磬ǿɲҷٶŵ
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ǰȸˣԤף˳챧˱ȭ漴˳ʯţתȥ
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ʵûϵʵôǿ򶾳жҪܵʹΨҧأƾǿ־ȥ
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ʱһһš
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ոմ򶾳ܵطأûüºȿˮһصؿɽׯϿա

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ϧעҪʧˣҶأɽׯǷ񻹼ڣ˵ˡ

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Ϻԣɫˣؿ죬ﳤϣѪҲҪǳʲô飬ǰ嵣𡣡
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ʱһȥҶ컹ûгĸ߲㾡ԳݲҵɽׯһɽŵգЩӵǣҲܵһ˿Ѱٵˡ
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ţһ˷ܵĿʯš
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Ҷ˾һɫսȫ¶һǿϢ͵˫ͬһĲ⼤Ҫǰա

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ȻүûмôԼĵɱһ֮ͨ۵Ѫ·
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Ҫɱ㣡
ͬʱһкŭĴ𣬴ӵĴ¥д
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ڼ䣬ӵܵľеһЩ߲㣬ΪܵҶĹЩֱӾͱ˵¡
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ҶգĮؿһУвûʲôͬɫ˫ǵˣԵ˵ʴȣǶԼĲ̡
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תսڶ㣡۾һУ漴ŭʤΪҶľתսڶ㣬򶾳زɵġ
ǣҶ컹ˣתǹؽ
뵽оһɽһŭͷ˫ŭĻ档
Сӣ˭ҶҪܣã𣬷ڵԪȼһ
ҶŰ죬гأסսΨһԿı
ô£
ׯôˣ

˿̣ɽׯлҵҲӳɽׯԶԶŸ߿мսӰһ㵡
ǲ⣬֮ǰׯΪϱôһӷˡ
ס죬ƭӣƭӣһȣﳤ˫֮Уͬðˡ
ޱȷŭǱ򶾳ϴַ˻Ǳðģֱץˡ
ļ߲㣬ҲһŭǷŭ֮Уһ˿ǡ
򶾳رˣǱˣתϺƶˣҪǱٶ֪ܲȴǵĻ֪ʲô³
ֻ߿еİ죬ܹ˳ƷҶ죬ǿٶܲ͵Ļᡣ
ϧǺܿͷЩСеҶȻûаΪߡеսȴһ˲ñǹɾķâð춼ҵֵ
ƾǿ󶼱Ҷһ飬ĹҶϣҲľתս嵲סˡ
תսڶԲҶ죬ޱȾˣΪͰʵ̫Զսĵֵˡ
áȻûʧΪھ磬ƾݺһˡҶһХоʹ죬ܡеսƺҲӦ˷ܣѤõĹâ
Ҷһδôʹ죬ȫ汬ΪҲأսˣȫĿǰǿսˡ
ȥ
𣬳ٳûƷҶ죬ûнԷ·磬ܵ˾޴ѹвɵЩˡ
һңĹƱҲʼˣǿĹȴڰ;˺ܶ࣬Ҷɵֵˡ
ҶǴԽԽʹ죬ҲԽԽ㣬һսȫʼЩӦڣ첻ϵսʼܹȫƿԼڵʵ
ǿҵĶԱ֮£˶ܿõҶѾʼռϷˡ
ãׯù£ļˡһĸ߲ɫһ䡣
Ϊǿеĵȴһǿĸ߲㣬ҲɫѿڿҶսʱж̰Ĺâ
ű֮ˣﳤгʣҶΪûߣȴһɵ⣬תս˵ڶ㣬츳˦ʮˡ
䣡
ڴʱռݷ䣬İӵȫɫһ
Улҵİ¶һܿͱѾ׼õҶץסˣһ˲˹ؼһ
һķֱӻ塣
ܡ
ͫһŵԼϵĵâǾâϢԼֲɱֱӳڣƻľ͵
ͣ
شɫһףʱһѪҲɳȥݺݵ˵档
ׯ
ף
ʱһƬﳤæ˳˹ȥĸ߲㣬˸߿գӭҶ졣
ׯ
һ֣ɱСӣ
˶ˣһسҶ죬ɽׯһɱϢ
Ƕ֪ҶĶ֣ǻô죿

ܹӳȥûмܣҲĺܺãҪٰٶŵĳͷ
ԣЩ˶ƴȫҶ죬ֻٲΧڰߣ
ߣ
һߣҶ첻мؿЩɶ˻İӵܣһɨʮͷɣǵ嶼ˡ
һ˲䣬Ѫɣж·Ѫꡣ
ɱ
Ϸƴ
߲˫죬ߣһҶ졣
ЩڼǿߣǵһҶ쵹ǲ£ôһɫЩء
һʽ
Ҷһʱ·ˣһ޴̫ͼǰס˼İ߲㡣
̫ͼâʣȴޱȣתЩ˵Ĺ
Ҷһ̤˫âɣһݺһ߲㡣ͫһţִ֮䣬ֻܾٽ񵲡
꣡
ȻѪ죬֫ء
Ҷһһ˳ˣЩӵܣ˾һߵľ档
ܣ
ʱϸ߿գΧİӵܴ뿪˶ӣ
ȻͳҶ죬ڳ;УɢҵĹâһ̫Ƶģһɺ嫶ֲĲϱ
ԱС磡Ҷʱ𾪣ɫҲޱһ̫ͼ֣ػߡ
ף
ׯ
˿ԱС磬֪ҪסҶˣɵñ
ҲҪӡףҪһսﳤ𣬴
ȻһžͽȥϵĿӽ쿪ʼǰ峤סԼģġż뿪׹ҲҪҪȥҰٶš
˵꣬ԼǿһݺݺҶ̫ͼϡ
סﳤڵϣ𣬻Ŀᡣ


141 ع
䣡
һ죬ŰǿһնһҶ̫ͼ˲֧飬µ
²ˣҶǷһ˿ɬЦݣ֪̫ͼסԱСİ죬ºᵶ𣬵Լǰ
ͬӿĺˮһ㣬嫵ս֮ϣµͽҶûһƬҵĹâ
ף
ﳤ˻
ʣµ˶վһսȭͷʹ֮ɫ
ߣҪʧˣҪΪұ𣡡Ĵâɣһս񣬲ϺҶ졣
һ̣Ҷ޷ֵֻս̫ͼһһѾڶľתս壬ʱҲܵˡ
Ҷûôҹֻܱصֵ޷
ԱС磬ʱһս࣬ÿһ嫵ҶѪɡ
Ҷ첢ûнӱ䣬Ŷİ졣ܹܵϢڼټҪ˶ãܷˡ
Ҳ֪ûҶ죬ֻϣܹСù֮ǰסҶ죬ðЩߡ
ò˵ļƻɹˣҶվΪ̫˿̸޷ٷĶԸЩˡ
ڣڹһʱ֮󣬰Ϣ͵㡣
ҶûһʮѪ޾ԪӿսʹѱųҵĹâ
䣡
һɳĵâ񷣬գݺݵ˰ϡ
ʱϢѾˣԱСľֻؿƥһ޷ֵ
ȥɣ
ҶǵѪҺٶһϣĵ⣬סգӰؿֱӶ
ҲסˣҶ죬Ļںޣһ˿Թ
㲻Ҳûã˭ǵˣҲɱ㣬ҲɱңҶĮ˵
ϢѾȫޣĲˣʬӸ߿£ص˵ϡ
Ҷվڸ߿գһƬ棬ɫĮ
ɽׯ˼ǳңһжɵġ
ϴѪ˷⣬һɱôˣ˫ǵˣҶҲЩܡ
Ҳû취ɱԷԷͻɱ
һǿΪ磬ֻǿʳĲпᷨҪôɱˣҪôɱ

һ紵һ̾ҶʧС
Ҷûȥ׷ɱЩˣΪиҪ飬ǾȥҶǵļˡ
ŽһսѪѶѾ޷ˣȴҶĽǰٶŵı
ҶȻ£Ҷأ
ҶɲϣҶǱٶ¾³
ҪǰźһС
һʮ죬Ҷ춼ڼٷУƴسҶǸȥʱ̫ˡ
հԸֻҪﳤ粻ɵӣ϶ȥ֪ͨٶšҶ찵뵽
ιȻƭˣѵһǰٶſɲʲôɡһ򶾳رˣѪҲˣôûôİ壬һΪٶŷйĶ
֪Բðﳤ뿪׹Ӷܰٶŵ׷ɱ
컹ǱΪ֪Ҷ츳ֻҪٶɱôĳɾ;Բ
ԣֻҪﳤ粻ɵӣͻ̴ż뿪ֿڴڼǾԲ֪ͨٶš
ҶҲܲµõһﳤûк֮Ǻ󣬿϶֪ͨٶŵġ
Ͼɱ֮𲻹졣
뿪ֿҪµʱ䣬֪ͨٶţٵٶŲ鵽ңҪˡ
Ҳ˵Ҫڰ֮ڣźҶҵˡ
ֿź⣬ûκԿٶš
Ҷտտг֮䣬Ѿ뵽˼ƻ
ֹ˼죬ҶڿǵҶǣҶǵӣҶûϳ
ȻҶǵĴСûиı䣬ĳǽѾʯ¥Ҳһ¥һӴĽ¶һơ
ѪǻԶ֮ǰҶǣȴǿʮˡ
ţôҶʱȣҪ֪ǳı䣬Ҫʽɲ٣ҶҵǵҲֻܽһǽѡ
ЩɻҶֱӳҶҷȥûԼΣϾҪˡ
ܿ죬һЩҶǵľͷеĲ֮ˣһɴ۾𾪡
үүڷɣһСкԱߵ˵
ž
СкСԴЦС˵ѣŶ֪ƭˣԺ󻹵ˡ
ڷɣۡû˵ѣСк۴һָϽе
̧ͷʱһ͡
Уһɫǳ۵̤꣬նУˮƶˡ
찡ҿϷˣ
Ү
˵ֻгԽʦǿ߲ܷУ˻ǿôҶˣ
Ҷ˲ˣܳ
ÿÿһӴսʿԶĽֵһɱΪ׵һ۴󺺣ƸΪˡ
ҶҾ
ҶҾˣ
Ҷǵľ״׷ÿһ·
ӵϢϴ˸ϹˡҶ桢ҶɵҶҵˣҲ
ţ
ŲԶϵɫӰһ֪Էϵǿߣ¸ձȭȵ֪λǰҶǣĳʧԶӭ
ɻּǿߣôҶСط֪ʲôĿģЩ

ڴʱһϤ
ҲеӰʱ۾Ӷɳˣš
Ҷ̤£˫ֱ֣ǰЦݣҶҾһۣصͷܺãûʧ
Ҷ쿴óҶҾȻΪߣһɱ죬ȻǾһδսĥѪսʿ
ܹڣʿҶеǳ⡣
󡭡ˣ˿Ѿ˵ˣֱӾ͵ϥҶǰôҲû뵽ȻҶˡ
Ҷ죡
ȻҶ죡
ҲΰɣȻҶˣ
ΧҶǵľ˿ҲϳҶ죬ϾҶǵĵһţҶҶǼǼ˽֪ˡ
ңһǰѪҶǵأǽҶƵ۷塣
Ҷ죡
С죡
ȻԶ˼ϲ
Ҷ̧ͷȥҶʨҶ桢Ҷɵ˸ˣЩϤˣϵЦݸˣæӭȥ
СӣôͽˣȻûʧҶҶļ˷ܵЦݡ
ãããҶʨһãϳ˼ЦݣҶڳһԽʦǿߣĪҫضðˣ
ס峤үү塢塭Ҷһ
Ҷҵ˶ǳΪҶˣһǴһǿΪ
ҶѾҶҵһ䣬ȻҶңֻҪҶһ죬Ҷҵ˶ƴҶҵӵܣҲĳ
һ죬ҶһƬ֣ҶһƬڡ


142 ׵
ҶľĴ֮УҶҵĸ߲һá
ʱҶѾԼϰٶŵ˵˳Щˣûء
ĴɡҶɡҶԡ˶ˡ
ǸΪҶңҶû˵꣬㱻Ҷʨϡ
û㣬ҶͲˣû㣬ҶҲнĳɾֲͣ㡣Ҷʨ
Ҷҵļʲô£һͬеҶҲ
ҶԡҶɵҲ׷׵ͷһҲҶ죬ֻҪҶߣǻµ˵ģ޷ġ
ҶʨҶ죬˵֪ԸȻˣ϶ʲô㡣˵ɣôǶġ
Ҷ桢ҶɵҲҶ졣
ҶԣһҵļƻǴҶҺҶҾ뿪ҶǣʣµľϲѪǣʱһѪǳк
ҪҶǣҶɫһҲҶ˼û˵
ڣҶѳɣҶҵļ߲ҶǰҲеһ˿ѹ֣ΨҶ׵ûй˼ɡ
Ҷǿ϶ҪģȻٶˣ˶ҪҶû˵Ҷʨһ˵
ȻЩᣬҲֻˣҶ̾
ҶҵļӶ¶֮ɫСһֽģ̫Ѫ˵Ҫ᲻á
ҶҲǵ˼ʵҲ᲻ãҪᶨ˵ǷģֻҪʱ䣬һｨһǿҶǡ
ţ㣡Ҷҵļ߲˵ͷЩ꣬ҶѾж֤Ǳһǣпܵġ
Ҷ죬ǷҶ֮ҪȥҶʨʵ
Ҳ¶֮ɫؼģٶɱҶ죬϶йޣǵΣ
Ҷ˵Ҵ͵ǣʮӽ鲻ֻҪǴڿǣٶҲҰô
ǣ
ҶʨԣʱȻҪ˵ֿĿǰҲֻпȫˡ
˵ף׹ǴңɣŻǰٶţҵҡ
Ϊ׹һλǿߣ֮׹ϵĵһǿߡ
ңҵʵҲǿġ
ٶȻŵжԣҲڿɱˣǾҪԴ׹ı棬ʱֻᱻš
Ҷ쿴Ҷҵ˴ڿǣŸӵİȫ
ȻҲҪʮӰæС
뵽ʮӣҶйâһӡУʮһˣӦû֪Ǳæ϶
ҶҪıŴŹâֻҪ¶츳ԽǿǱԽˣôҶҵ˲Żõı
Ҷҵú󣬽㲻Ҫ鷳ҶˣҶҵȥԱҶǵľЩصľһסѪǣʲôģʲôԭͶͬˡ
һ֮ҶǱȥ¥ա
ҶҶҵˣԼҶҾƺƵسſǵķжȥ
ҶҵĺӿһҶǣĿ鶼ܳĬһɱ˵Ϣ
ҷģҶ췢ģһ죬ǻٻġʱҶǽΪ׹ٵĳǳء
ǵıˣҶԪա
£Ҷȡս𣬶ҶǳǰĴʮ貵ĵâ
Ҷҵ˶ʱǾͷҶҶǵĳǰһЩ֡
ٶߣؽҶ죡
ʮһɱĴ֣˶Ǿһ»ָġ
УҶһһ˲ĥ䡣

º󣬴׹ĳأһƬԱߣˮϡ
ʣµˣŰﳤ׼ɺӡ
ɹӣǾ뿪ֿˡһĳ϶԰ﳤ˵
뿪ˡﳤһؿֿķг˼ᶨ֮ɫһһģ˭ҶŹ㡣
ϣҷԸôˣﳤߵʵ
Ѿ֪ͨٶŵһݵˣ԰ٶֿǿ϶СӵݣʱҲ֪ͨǡ˵
ã
ﳤͷ

ֿǡ
һޱӴĳǳأԶԶȥһͷ޴̫ſɢ޾ѹ˸еһѹȸС
һǳضѣȻƣҶ΢΢Ծ
ڡ
Ҷҵ˳ĳһ׼ʮ
ȻǵһǣҶ׾ʹʮڣ㾶ֱȥˡ
Ϊ谮֮һʮӵĸۡǳɡ
˭ʮֹŵĸտտȵ
Ҷһɵһݣĸ˾Ȼǿߣ±ȭռλǰ֪ʮӣ˵ʦҶˡ
Ҷ죿һǿ߾ȵؿҶ졣
Ҷ죿ɣʮзԸֻҪˣɽ
ĸ˵գÿ˴š
Ҷһ㶣漴ҡҡͷڽ֮иӷˡȻʮôô󣬿϶ѡ
Ҷ죿
ôˣ
úҶ쿴ʮӣϳ˾ȡ
㲻ȥǶɽôпһк֮ʮӺʵ
ҶҪæ
ţʮһǵһοҶ֮ɫӡУҶǲϲ˵ģβԶǣȻʲôˡ
ʲô£ʮɫ
Ҷ콫ɱѪһһٶŻᷢɱѪģǰʮҲûʲô˵ġ
˻Ѫ֪˵ǰٶŵĵһţǰøǽھ磬㾹ȻɱʮӵһŵؿҶ졣
Ҷ΢΢һЦһǿϢȻȫɵĽɫɢһӴѹ
תսڶ㣡ʮ۾ʱֱˣƿһؿҶ죬𾪵СǱ̬ôɵڶˣѹʵɱѪ
ˣҵ㶼֪ˣҪұҵļˡڰٶŵ飬һԼҶ¶תսڶ㣬ΪʮӸӿ
ð죬ΪӣȨִһΪ˵ӡҶܹŲˣ͵ҵû˸Ҷǡ
ʮӴӦĹȻˬ죬ѵٶŷǳ£ҪСģԵĻһŵ
ţд㡣ҶͷٶܹţȻС
Ҫ˶ãݾͻᱩ¶ˣ㻹ҪȥǶɽ𣿡ʮʵ
ȥȻҪȥ˵ǶɽʯħᡣҪʵֺõطôܲȥҶ˵
ҲãԼСģһŴȣҵǰһʮûȰ˵Ҳ֪ҶڵѹܴΨпʵ
ôһ
Ҷ챧˱ȭ뿪
ʮ˽Ҷҵ˽ӽ˿ǡ


143 ǳ
ǶɽһƬĺɫɽ˵ǺɫģʵǱһɫŨʹɽһɫſɭɭ
ǶɽԱߣһĸǳǶɽľݵ㡣
ৣ
кȻһӰٽ¡
Ҷ쾶ֱǳȥһ·һӰûпֱǳ󣬲ſһλϥߡ
ģ
У˽յ˫߽Ҷ졣
ţ߶ʱüͷһ壬ţǸڸʲôСһﶼˣⲻ𡣡
ǳϣҶ칧һ
ǳŵһλ۳ϣʵԿŽǰ壬ǳػǶɽеĵӡ
ǶɽһĵطΪ˷ֹܾˣźͰٶԼֻ鼶ĵӽȥﵽϵǿߣͲȥˡ
ȻΪ˷ֹԷףźͰٶŶһλǿ档
λǳϱˡ
ͱǶɽСǵǻ쵰ȥɣȥ鷳˵ȥġǳϰ˰֣
Ҷ¸жҲĻ쵰¸м˵лϣʵҲȥǶɽһ
ţǳȻǰҶ졣
Ҷʱоһɾ޴ѹ
뵽ŴҲҪʵûأֱչ־תսڶ㡣ɫĹâſһ̫ҫ۶Ŀ
ǡ
ȫ¶ɽɫҶ죬ǳɫһ䡣
ʱҶ죬һǿϢ⣬ܻ޷ǳȣ֮ǰȴࡣ
ǳ𾪵ؿҶ죬˵㾹Ȼתս˵ڶ㣬츳Ϸôû˵˵Сӽʲô֡
泤ϣһǰŰţǵһǶɽҶ칧˵˾תս塣
һǰ
ǳϵɴ۾ˣһ˾תսڶ㣿츳ôΪӣգҲ㣬ôǶɽ
Ҳ֪ҶЦʵҲΪûһӣϾ츳
ϻ쵰ĪϺͿˣ
ǳϵ
Ҷ췭˷ۣӦǳ˵Щϻ쵰ǲ
ҲգǲգǾͱϷˡǳϺȻҶ죬ָһԵţСӣ¿ͷӽϷʦˡ
Ҷʱ㵡
ôǳϼ״һۣŭϷϷôҲһλ߼ǿߣѵʦ֪жҪϷΪʦСӻˡ
Ӳǲ⡭Ҷæ͵
ǾͿͷʦǳֱӴϡ
ðɣʦϣܵݡҶΣֻǳϣһĻ̫ˣûзӦ
˵ǳɽžû˸ˡ
ؿͷ֮󡭡
ӽʼϷĵڶˡǰ滹һʦ֣ʦ洫ӣѾ뿪׹ȥˡ
ʦ֣Ҷ찵סˡ
ͽǵӦߵһ;ǳϼ˵
ҶɫһǳϣӦûпսƷΪͨ
ΪʦȴõġǳϺȻЩһ˵ͽܶͬһġһýʦô̵һõͽܣȫţͷ
ǣΪʦͽһܹڵһߵøԶΪʦȻڵ̵㣬棬ʲôҪ˵ǳϿҶ졣
ҶԣҲֱ˵ʦҲˣҾתսڶѾԲȴû巽似һ޷ӡ
ţܺãսʶǿǳԣһ˿ͣ󶪸Ҷһ飬似ǳ֣֮ϷԴģԲ磬һԴʮ˵ǳ֣֮ͨǳֵ֮档
ǳ֣֮
Ҷ۾һѹһʱһȣкܶݾȻоһ
֮ǰҶͽǳ֮˴Բ磬һһԴǳ֮֡˵оǳųǳֵ֮ķߡ
ǳȻһ·Ҵ˳ǳ֣֮ʡҶ๦
似ҵʮѪ;תս壬ս
Ҷʱ
ͽ˵̫磬Ҫⳬǳ֣֮ҪȽͨǳ֮Բ硣ŵҶ죬ǳ̲סѵ
ʦģͽͽǳ֮˴ԲˡҶԺٺЦ
ʲô
ǳһţ㲻ǲŸհһ𣿡
Ҷһ֮ڣͽǳ֮˴Բ硣
ʦ㿴Ҷ΢΢һЦٶԣֱչǳ֣֮޴Ԫƣŵȥ
¡¡һƬ죬ض
ǳϵɴ۾֮ɫ
ǴԲȫǳԽ˴Բ磬Ҷʱ䣬ڳǳ֣֮ҶԼԴ
츳ֱ̬ĪǶۻ軨ˣôõĵӲգǳϰԽˡ
뵽ųԼͽܣǳϸоˬ̾򣬺ܿɳǳ֮ˣ似ʺġ
Ҷͷʵϣղſǳ֣֮ѾһˣϾĵӰ
˳ǳ֣֮սӦܹܶ࣬ʺϾתսĻȭ似ţϷʱȥݷüѣܸܲһǿȭ似ǳ˵
лʦ𣡡ҶԴϲ
ˣʵϷҲǶɽΣˡסҺݺݽѵٶŵĵӡǰðٶųһѪţɱŲٵӣΪʦûӡΪʦͽܣøΪʦǳк˵
Ѫ
Ҷ찵ȣ漴ͷʦģֻҪٶŵĵӣһɱһɱһ˫
ţãҲСĵ㡣ٶŵĵúܣҪرǵĶǳѵ
֪ˣʦ𣡡Ҷ˵ͷ漴뿪ǳ

಻ĺɫɽһͷʳ˾ޣҶ뿪ǳ̤նȥһƬɫɽȥ
һҶ˺ɫŨ֮С
ףҵľתս徹ȻЩҶȻȡ
ǶɽУŵĵٶŵĵӣ·ġҪΪŵĵҪĵֵЩ޴ڵĶûж֮ǰʵһЩ
֮Щڰٶŵĵֻкôûл
һһ֮£ٶŵĵȻռϷ硣
ʱҶȴЩԼûáתս֮ޱǿּĶ޷ʴ
ЧҶоڽǶɽӵˡ


144 õͼ
ǶɽǳïʢȺɽƣ಻ǲиָĻݲݣһȥһԭʼɭ֡
ɽںɫ֮£ҶǿߣۿɼҲܵͣͺҹûʲôֱߺģ
ɭɭҶһ׼ȥ
ݣ
Ȼǰ洫һҶʱͣסŲȥѪ
Ƭ̺ӰӲԶٶȺܿ죬һӾͳҶǰ
Ҷһϵ·ʱʱ˿ɫָƽ
ϴĶɫǳۣŵŵӡ
һĸߴƤͭɫضһ˫ӣĹâ¶һɱϢ
һȻСǼʵԵúǿ׳һ˫ֱۣӵǿı۾׺ݣһ˫Ұǵ۾һ˫Ϯ˵ɱ⡣
ǿҶ찵̾˶ƽÿһʮΪսԽʮӽ벽ˡ
ǰǿߡ
Ҷ찵²⡣
ʱѾӽˡ
ʦܣ͵ɣһټһ
ʦ֣ͻƣǰһʱ䣬һġһ졣
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ʱҶе˫ĿɨӶ
ףǸСļо
壬ġԱ߹°ƳҶһۣ㲻ᡣ
Ǹ쵰ôȥųϡ԰һ
ˣȳȥˡ°˵
·ҶʱӸһᣬҴǶɽʱƵĵͼҲòˣ͸ɡ
˵꣬ﳤȥ
ҶһȻؽӹᣬתȥȴֻܿǵ°Ӱ
СʦܣˣˡƫƫǸϺˣȴװһӣҲۡʱ˹µشҶ죬о˸СʦܣȻΪƺܲ򵥡
ʦ˵ЦˣδʦִҶ쵭һЦһϢñ޷֪̽
СӲصϲһ;ߵøԶԷҶϢоһЦ
ҽɽʦ־СղǸǸʦ֣ѩ˲ãһǰߵǿߣһο϶ܹǰ
ɽ
ѩҶĿһס֣漴ǰļУЦʦֿҲǰϵǿ߰ɡ
ܹǰߵﲢУҲ˶٣϶ǰϵǿߡ
ͽۡ
ǺǣʮȲϸʦ֡ȻɽԹһЦһ˿⡣
ˣСʦܣһ֪ءɽؿҶ졣
Ҷ죡
Ҷ쵭˵
Ҷ죿ҼסˣúŬȡһŴʱܹǰ񣡡ɽЦǺǵҶļ漴תȥ
һ죿
ҶĿɽȥıӰ˸Ǹһ˿ЦݣҪһ죬һŴʱٻᣡ
˵գҶ쳯һȥ

ɫɽŨĶ۾ܹĵطޡ
һϣҶ쿿ңѩľᣬһĵͼӳⲻһͨĵͼ˺֣ܶԱ߻ע͡
ʦֺϸҶ찵̾ˡ
ţ
Ҷŵͼ¶˷֮ɫ
ȷһͨĵͼѩǶɽƳˣϸκһΣյĵطͰȫĵطԼٶŻĹ켣رעڵͼ档
ʦֵַħᶼעˣʡȥѰˡ
һȫɽϢ似
һͷ߼ϵޣΣա

ҶԽԽϲͼİ̫ˣ˵ⶫݺǶɽ׾١
ʦ֣
뵽ǹ°ӰҶм֮ɫ
һʱ䣬˵Ҳһ˶Ƕɽջ񲻻ܴ
ڣͼҶĿˣԳֵʣµһʱԼΪ
ǶȡħᣬѪᣬҵΪܼܹھ磬ô׹Ҳϸˡ
Ҷ찵뵽
ڴ׹ǿųϡڣһǲߵġ
ԣھߣǹϵĸ֡
ҶսһڣǾھ۷֣Ҳֻǿ߲вˡ
ңһھ磬ҶС磬Բ챳սı˷֡
ҪǣһҶھ磬ŵؽ似Ѫն
ؽ似
Ҳδеؽ似׹Ҳؽ似
ɲǾתսֲȱ似ǵѪħݺᱱʮ˹ĵؽ似ƾ似ѪħԽɱ
ҶҪѧϰǿ似ˣϧֻнھ磬ѧϰ似
ԣһھ磬Ҷʵᱬʽӡ
ѪᣡҶͼеһ㣬ǸѩǵħһãΪ
ˣǶɽ֮УħҲ˸ǣﻹֵõҶ졣
Ͼÿ˶Ҷ죬˾תսڶ㣬սǿ󵽱̬
һĿˣ
Ҷ۾һУ·ߺ󣬱㽫ͼȻħڵķȥ
ոѩڵͼעͣǶɽĸ򣬷Ϊǵһ򡢵ڶ򡢵͵
ĸаٶƿصһ͵ڶƿص
ҲŵģΪѪĳ֣һ˳˵򣬻ŵи֣Ȼﳤȥ
һΣʧأ޷ټƿصڵǰٶźžҡսҵĵط
ҶҪȥǵڶȻΣգڶ涼ǰٶŵĵӣһ֣пܾͻ뱻Χĳ档
ҶţѪɱˣѵЩ龳İٶŵӣ
ǻȡսֱɱٶŵĵӡ

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һսǰΧɽֶһľҡβͣ𶯡
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Ҷʱ衣
ĸ·ڶ򣬲Ѿӽǿħˡ
ţǰ棬ѵ˺ҵĿһҶ򿪾ᣬǰս촫ķ򣬾ǿħڵķλ
ħᣬǶɽӦ޵еİѪҲĶ֣ٶʲô˸
Ҷвɻ
벻ϢСĵسǰǱйȥ
λʦֵܼͣһǾħˡ
ǰٶƳ˸ɢרŶԸЩħᣬԺǰٶŵѪˡ
ѪỹǴҪģǿħľϼҩģѪЧǿˡ

ߴٶŵӵĻҶɫʱ̧ͷȥ
ԶʮٶŵӣΧһþ޴ħ
ħ¥һߴһ֦ȻֱۻҪ֣һֱܹƺˡ


145 
ҶǵһοħᣬǾ޴һսݣǳˡ
ǳ𾪣ǴоǰڵӰ￴ǿǧһֻǿ
ֻһִɣưצĴһգٶȷǳ죬Χʮٶŵĵɱȥ
ħ棬ſһŴ죬˻ţҶȷһͷ
ðɣҶܷˣҲʲô˵ģҶ찵뵽оݴ½ԽԽˡ
ħǳǿȻɲܶЩ֦ɣȴһŰٶŵĵ̶ֱȥ
ҶȴЩãԽԽ
ѵǡҶ쿴ԶһٶŵĵӳħӳһɫԲԲھħǱըӿֳ˺ɫĶҺǱմǵ˵֦ɣѸٸá
ֶרſħᣬٶŻֶΣҶ첻ɵ̾
ħȻкܶഥ֣ЩٶŵӵĶҺҲв٣ʱţħ϶ֲˡ
ʵϣħѾ·ˣȻҲŭ˻š
ҶȻǰһЩ룬עս׼֮ˣǲŹ֡
ʮٶŵӲ֪ҶĵʵϣǸΪŵ˸Ҵڶ
ʱʮٶŵӣȻعǰħᣬһ¶˷֮ɫ·ѾһſѪˡ
ǵһҶ찵Цȴʱ
ħǳǿأŴص䣬ܵ˾綾ʴҲȻŭֿ
һٶŵĵһʱ飬ֲס˻ţȴôҲѲãӲ˺壬Ѫ졣
İٶŵӿĳ棬ʱŵˡ
ʲôǿ֮ĩѣʦֵټӰҪˡһ벽ڼİٶŵȵһжҺĺɫâֱն֡
ٶŵĵӿչʱʿ֯Χħᡣ
ڼ䣬ٶŵĵҲСٶһˣֱӵһʧȥս
ʱħҲһϢ벽һɡ
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Ѫ綫ǻ˰ɣһƥĽâ·նգڼ仹кźɫĶסҶڵ
ҿ㣡Ҷ˫мӲӵĹâһȭȫ¶˽ɫĹâֱӾͷ˽â
ЩΧҶ죬ȴôҲֲ
תսڶ㣬ʹҶķһ߶Һרſưٶŵĵӡ
ҶͬһɫսֱӾͳ嵽λ벽ǰݺһ¡
תս壡
ٶŵ벽ڴʧɫִֻ֮ýӲȥǽһ괫ĳҶѪ飬Լ޴Ѫɡ
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Ȼ˾תսڶ㣡
ôܣ
벽Ȼλܸߣһ涼֧ŲˣͱҶشİٶŵһŴˣȾܡ
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ʵϣתսڶԲҶ죬ʵѾЩǿˣ˸ղŵİ벽ڿԵֵһаʽ⣬İٶŵӸ޷⡣
ڣȫͬľ磬ЩٶŵĵӣֲҶ졢Ѫӵе;תս塣

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Ҷҵ˼似ϧҪٶŵڹķϰҪѪħ䣿
ǲܵģ
ҶֱӽǶһԡ
ѰңҶ췢˲õĶҪĻһƤֽ
ҶƤֽ˷֮ɫ
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ҩͼ¼Ƥֽ档
Ҷϸ˿ֱҩѣֻҪĲˡϾֱҩҩֱģҪƳɵҩֻҪҩ˭Ƴ
ңҶ쿴һ£Щٶŵĵ׼ͽҩ׼ˣҪٳȥѰҡ
ֱ֪ҩܹ󣿡һ˿ڴҶ찴ƤֽҩһԵ
֮һɵҩ㴫
ƤֽļأҩΣҪһݵʱ䡣
һݵʱ䣬Ҷ첻˷ѣѪᣬɣʼ
ϴһѪڼһȵҶʮȻʮѪ֮С
ԭҶʮѪѾﵽޣǴ˿ȴѪеò˵Ѫỹ档
ȫһѪ֮ҶΪڡ
ڶţڡ
ţ۷塣
Ͳһ㣬ܽ߼ˣһ󿲣ܹȥҶս
Ϳˣ
һ֮Ҷ콫Ŀŵɽһҩ棬ڴ֮ɫ
ʱһƢҩ㣬ɽҶһڣоȫˬ
ٶŵĶҩǳʵϣƵĵҩҲǳֿĵҩ̡
ǰҶ컹ţҶˡ
ҿǣζ˱ǶһĨɫҺ壬ڹڣɢŨ
Ҷ첻ҩҲ֪ⶫǱ


146 ߼
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ιֵܣ˵𣿡һ´󺺣˵
ţԱһɻؿ
˵ٶڳ۳ǵľݵ㣬ɽׯ𣬲ˡ´ص˵
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´󺺺ٺһЦûм˵
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ιֵܣ˵ٶڳ۳ǵľݵɽׯ˸ˡ

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ιֵܣ˵ٶڳ۳ǵľݵɽׯ˸ˡ

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ιֵܣ˵ٶڳ۳ǵľݵɽׯ˸ˡ

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Ϊǣٶŵĵӱ鲼ֿȻҲ緢ˡ
䣡
һɭڰĴ֮Уһŭĺ
׷ʲô£򶾳ؾȻˣȴ֪ǿ˴ֿ֪ġһٶŵŭ
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˭ܸϷ򣬵׷ʲô飿
˰ʬ壬һЩĵӵʬ壬ûзְĶӡ
Щߵĵҳԭ򡣡
һλλٶųϵֿȻһʼתÿ춼Ϣֿشٶܲ
һʱ䣬Ǹڳ۳ǽӴҶƹ񣬱㱻ٶŵĵҵˡ
洫ӳڳ۳ǡܲƺֻѪȥϴ񡣡
ԣϺȥˣȥѪģǻϺƵʬ塣
洫ӵ˭Ѫأ
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ٶŵĳֲõԤУѸ׷顣
úѪӵ񱻲ˣҶҲǵ֮С
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ôܣ
ҶûѪأ
һڰٶų𾪣ţͬʱֲõԤԽԽǿҡ
Ҫ֪ҶϸϢһٶŵĳϳ
ڰٶȻ׷֮£ҶݸסҶҲȻȻر¶
û뵽һţǵҵСӣǳ֡һٶųϿϢЩȡ
Ӳǰ˶ƾӵ˿ǣǻ鵽Щڳʮӵӡһк˸
ô죬ʮӵȻҰٶ𣬿򶾳صȷٵġ
ܹٵ򶾳أɱ죬ôѪ
ôôǿʵ
Ҫ֪ͨ𣿡
ٶŵĳϴʱѾһУȴȻ֮УҶʵǲš
Ѫ԰ٶ˵һ籩
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ϧһдۣնɱҶ죡糱ˮһ㣬ٶţеİٶŵӣоȫһ


ɫ谵ϰϰ
Ƕɽһεɽ֮С
𣡡
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ɽ֮УҶ˫ʵʻľâ·𶴴գڿ֮з졣
ͬʱһǿƣҶΪģΧɢȥɽ
߼һ߼ڣЧõȷѪᣬһҾܽ˼ˡ
Ҷ˫䣬βס˷ܵЦݣڱӿԪӿһɳ졣
ͬھתս壬ΪߵĸΪĺôսӣǶ෽
Ҷ췢ԼڵʮѪѾռһҪȱǿߵ浤Ҫöࡣ
ʮѪеԪҶԪһǿߡ
ʹþתս͵⣬ʮѪҶڶŰ벽ڵս
ʵһǰһĪǰЩǿ߽ھ磬ҲܺɨǣҪ¶ơҶ찵뵽
ĵƣܹ¶ǲ뱩¶ģ˰ٶšеƱ¶ôһٶǿ׷ɱûп˵ʤˡ
뿴ٶŵ׷ɱҶ죬ȴҶӵе⣬ǻôһ棿»Ѫһ󷴶Ҷնɱ
뵽Ҷ΢΢𣬷һ˿Цݡ
һĿǡ߳ɽҶ򿪵ͼѰҵڶħڡ
ڣڵ棬ҶҵһʵԽħᡣ
ɼˣħҲ弶ʵǶɽ֮УԲЩ鼶ĵӿַġ
ҪսˣҶһǿߣ;תսȫҲûãֻսǿļƷ
ѪĺôҶɲԸôѸʵķսĻΣա
˵ǶɽҵıذȻȥһҪúøлһ壡ҶǷһ˿Ц˵ʱкһ

֮󣬰յͼ·ߣҶܿͽ˵
սҵĵطһ·ϣҶ˲ŵĵӺͰٶŵĵӡŵĵӣΪ鷳㿪ˡڰٶŵĵӣҶʦǳϵķԸһɱһ
Ҷ췭˼ɽͷͿҪִĿˡ
ǰɽȥӦþ͵ˣһôϣҶͼʱֻеС󶯵һ£˳
ţҶЩȣСһǳƽ˯տʱ򲻷Ź⣬Ļк˯
֨֨СҶץסβͣڰУҡҡλΣ֨֨ţǳ
ôҶɻ󣬷С鲻ԣæ
С֮󣬰Ҷһۣ漴̧һֻצǰָָ
з֣Ҷʱ۾һСദӿȷСָ·ʱ򣬾Ƿʲô
֨֨
СǸȥ
Сȵҡ
Ҷæȥڴ֮ɫ
֮һεб֮УҶ쿴һһ˴СĿռѷ죬ɢʵĹâ
С磡
Ҷͫһ


147 콾
ãĿռ䣬һ̻Ի͵ıڴˣɢɽ⣬貶ҫۡ
ΧһƬʲôûУ͵һǳۣ˲òע
ͨɫ·ɽשɣ涼ǽɫġâɣ۶Ŀԡ
ڹϷһҶ˸Źԡ򱦹
֮⣬ڹſڣվӰꡣǷֳɣԳ֣˴ɱ䣬Ͳˡ
ˣź£ɫǳۣȻǰٶźŵŵӡ
콾ܲã֪绹ܸܲ㣡һٶŵĵӣɭضŶŵӣɫ
ٶŵӣҲһЦɱ⣬ǶһˣռϷ硣
ѪΪǶһˣӮ콾ɲ㣡˵꣬ŹӣɫڵӣһɰȻ֮ɫŶٶŵӡ
ԱߵģһİСʵӡҶڴˣͻϳйһ֮Եɽ
ɽ˿һɬŶٶŵӣгء˿ɲͨİٶŵӣǰ벽ڣʣµһҲࡣ
ߵ콾Ҳǰ벽ڣͶһƽԣڵ״ǳΣա
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149 
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һ˲䣬Ҷ챳һƬѪģ


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˵Ŀ⣬Ҷʯӻ۶
֮УҶһ·߸裬ңǿʵ۷ˣЩĹսߡ
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˵֮ǰҶΪɱѪĴԣֿĻôǰ֮Ҷ콫Լǿʵֿڶ֪ųһ˲õľš
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ӽԺŵӵУˣҶʦˡֻЦȻˬʯ֮ǰĿţԿҶܺзǳʹ졣
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ʮ˵˾תսڶ㣬ˡ̨Ҷ죬оһ
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ҶʯӵһսѾĻʼнıԣǹ㳡Ȼ̸Ƿŵս
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˵һôãʵ϶ǿ콾ֻ֪ʲôֶȡʤѩЩɣҶֳʵǳǿ󣬵Ҫڣȴôɵġ
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ѩƳһۣûжԡ
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΢΢ȣҲû뵽ʯӻܣҰԼ档ɵһҶ죬ɫǳء
Ǳˣ̶꣬ĳɾҲи޶ȣһǰӦ÷ҡĶһǸ޳ܵ콾ڵһ⡣
˵콾ΪŭǱ޳ܵ콾֮ôᱻܣ
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һΣҲٰܸˣͬʮ㡣

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Ҷ죬̬̫ˣһǰǰʮһʱС㡣ˮֻ۾˷ܡ
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Ҷ쿴ϼλʦʱͷȫ⣬һжָԭѪѾɢȥֻһŨıˡ
лϣϼǳϹһ
СѾͷ׷ʲôˣǳϺʵӡУϼǴûзŭôἱŭģ߻ħ
ϼԳĬֻıˣȴѾᣬҲ˰ɡ
ӲϷͽԭҲգԼأ׶ŭˡϷֻѹסħȴܸһٴαǳһ£תȥ
ڣҶڴϼǹǿϢѹ֮£վ
ʦ㣬ڰҶ˵Ҳ֪ôοԷ
Ժʲô飬ңܰ쵽һ㣡ϼĮ˵漴׼ȥ
ʦȵȣ
Ҷ쿴ϼתʱһǿҵɱ⣬жʱһæе
˵ϼûתĮ˵
ʦ㣬ǺΪҵˡҶȡһˮӣһðٻʧɫɫ䣬ɢŲõĹâ
ϼתؽӹˮӣеɱʱࡣ
Ҷ״Ȼ˿û˵ʦ㣬֪ҪУҲ顣˷ˣûһɱİգõȴʱͻݾߡǲ˷ʵĿŻᱻٶ͵ϮһҪСģ϶Ҳϣ侲
Ҷ˵꣬ٶԣҲֻЩˣϼִⲻȰ˵ҲֻΡ
Ȼ֪ǲƷɱӵԵʣϼҶĻ֮󣬾Ȼ侲ɱʧֻĹâ
Ҷһۣ˵ͷ漴ˮӣȥ
һ£ֻҪרʵˡĿϼԶȥҶ찵˿ʱ꣬ƷɵС
˷졭Ҷһϸһ˿⣬ǽлᣬһնɱˣ㱨ѩޡ
ʵϣ㲻ΪƷɱ𣬾͵콾Ĺϵ˷Ҳڶ棬˫֮Ժƽദһ䡣

ŽӣǳƽϼȷҶȰ˵û϶Ը˷졣
ʱڣ̸۵ķҶ죬ΪɱѪϢѾõȷϣٶΪ˺ֿòɿ˫ʧء
Ϊ飬ŵĵӱϲ˵ǰȴԹҶ졣ΪǣŵĵӶҳȥˣΪпܻܵٶŵķ
ٶżеĵӶɳˣֻһЩûɳ
ҲԼûɳϣµľӢӣɱٶţ˫ѽѷ֡
Ȼһ߾ŵӵʬ屻˻ڵԹҶĺԽԽߣ˸ߺŽҶ졣
ȥմ˰ٶţҲʣ˶ٵӡ
ҶҲоԣû˼һߴʮϢһ˼Բߡ
˵᲻ЭϾٶڵȷҪܾһĴ㡣
֪ſ϶ϣͰٶܾˣʤˣҲһǧɡ
һ졪
ˣ콾һЩǰϵǿߣĴ˵˵Ҫôһ飬ҪŰ㽻ٶţⳡԹ
ʮӽ
ַɡˮʫϵҲʮһ˹
޳ܵļһҶһŭûðɣ콾ôֱǻϽ͡
ϾΪ죬콾Ķʱ򼴱ǳҲ޷ˣټ˷컹Ǹ
ҶʱоһΣٽ
˵콾̫࣬˹Уĺһˡַɳ
ʮ̽Ϣ֪֮ŵĵû飬ΪҶǰûеʲôˣҲš
⣬Ҫл콾ǰ̫ˣڵĵӶŭԣûʲôӡȻһ
Ȼŵ˽µ󲿷ֵӵȷʼԹҶˣϾѾǣǵȫˡ
콾һĻܻܿɹ
ĵ顣
Ҷ֮أȻȥɣһ취ģϢ֪ͨǡ
㱣أʮӵ˰ο֪ҶҪ侲һͬȥ
Ҷ۾ǿаеĽ飬ƽϢһºʹԼ侲
콾Ǵ벻Ʋߣ϶˷ָɵģֻû뵽ô׼ȥˡߣҶɫ
ȷ¶ˣ˷ָ콾ġ
˷֮׼ôҶ죬ҲֻΪٶŵķٶ˷һûᣬټϵܵ콾Ʋ˷˳ֶΪˡ
˵ףΪٶŵķôһû˷ԲðںǳϷΣգ׼ȥҶ졣
ͽʰΪʦھ뿪׹ʱǳϲϵ
Ҷԣжʱһ


170 
û뵽˷쾹Ȼˣһǰǳҵϰ
һ޳Ӱɽ֮зɳȻһȥ
ȻӰȴȻʧգôƾʧʲô״ûз
һƬİС
֪λѣѾ˼ĳС磿ͻȻ˵Сɣһȴûлţһ侲֮ɫ
һǰţ飬Ҳ̹Ȼ򶨣˾̾һЦһ˶һµӣüëܺǻһĨɭЦݡ
ٶŵĳϣһɫһ䣬һ
ô𣿡λٶŵĳϱ˫֣ЦϷʵؿһ·ڿһ֮ˡ
ǰٶŵҪܾˣһ˵
ǾҪôѡˣڴ֮ǰǰٶҪһݴ񣬶ݴǡ
ٶŵĳɫһ䣬ɭ
ݣ
һ۵Ľ
һȳ֣гһõĽâһƥܣɱİٶųϡ
츳ϧΪԶˣٶŵĳһ֣һɰԪϱ˳ֱֻ۳ƺƵ䴩˲񷡣
ߣһƺһѪˣ˫Ϊ̫ԶˣԷ߼ϵǿߣڶ
ýˡٶųгɱ⣬ĻΧ¶ȶࡣ
һͫһ

뿪׹
Ҷ첻ûʼշŲЩˣʮӵıٶɱǣʮҲס
ͽûѡˣһЩ϶н˼ˣǼɵϷ򣬿˷Ҫˡǳɫسص˵
ҶһǶ춯¿ǲˣȻһǳϲںǴ󲿷ֳϡôҪ濼ǡ
Ҫߣ
Ҷԥɫޱء
ǳϿҲߴ٣֪ҶһҪһˣҪԼѡ
Ҷ죬
˷ץˣ
ʱ⴫ʮӺַɽĴҶǳһ
ץңҶɫ˵ܲٲܲپ͵˷쾹ȻôͶˡ
ͽģΪʦڣҵҪˣʲôǳһƿţ˳ȥ
Ҷ֮ȥʱʮӡַɵˣϵ鶼ǳ
ǳϣǿҶ뿪ŰɣȻ˾ˡʮһҶǳϳæ˵ɫǳࡣҶ컹ǵһοʮӣĺˡ
ϸ˵ϷͲˣţ˸ҵϷ棬ץϷͽܣǳ˵
ʮӿЦ
һԵʫʱϣһٶŵɱˣǿ϶˳ϼǿߡ
ʲôһˣǳһʱԡ
ͬͨĵӣһǿǰǰĳţŵĵλһЩ洫ӶҪߣɲЩͨӿԱġ
ѹ˷ץҶ죬һЩŵĳҲ̲סˣǾҪҶˡ
ǳҲо鼬ˡ
Ҷ죬ʱѾˣоеǹΣԽԽǿˡ
ǳϣǷ֮ǰҶ죬볤ԭ¡ãŵĺһĮشǳϹһ
ƾʲôҶŭ
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ҶɫȷܷǳڣлᡣǷǾѳˣʱ򼴱ǳҲȲ
Ҷ첻ǳϡ
ߣΪʦһϷҪһ޶ѣһ𣿡ǳ˵һɰϢŶһ¡
ܵǳϵľģҶ˵ͷȻʮǴкλ۳һȥ
ǳ̤նϣǺ档
һ·ϣŵĵӶ̧ͷҶһˣɽ嶥ΰĹ֮С
ŵ
Ҷ챻ץȥˡ
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ѾҶˡ
ûô򵥣Ҷǳϵ״ӣղҲǳӣп²ô˳
ϣŴ˺

ڵĵǶ۷׷ף˶оһɲӿİӿһɾҵķ籩š
Ҷ첻°ɡַ֮ɫ
˵ȻǳϵλǷ˷챳λͬλ硣ʮӳ
ô˷챳ˣˮɻʵ
ȻˣʮɫΪ˷ƾʲôܹϸλãƾʲôôԵȻ츳ʵǳŵĻλʦ֮һĶϡ
ϣַԵһ
ŵϣ쳤һΪϣλߡǳģλȴǷǳ͵
ǵ͵ûʵ
ϼȻǽڴϵĴڣô϶򵥣ѹ˷ҵǳϣе
һһϣټŵĴ
ҶһοΣˡ
ʮӡַɵ


Ҷ߽ʱ򣬶ʱܵһĿɨӶ֮Ļһɹǿ־
Щ˵Ŀ⣬ټЩǿ־壬Ҷˣʵ̫ˡ
ߣ
ʱǳһߣһ£ϱһɰ־̽Ӷ־ײɳȥ
ߺߡ
һ˲䣬ƺһɫʱ԰࣬Ȼǳϵ־ܵش
ҲǳϷŭˣҵ棬һ
Щ˵ĳ϶ʱɬԼôôأǵùˡ
ˣȻˣǾͿʼɣһϵ
Ҷ쿴Ǵϻ˻֣ɢȥǳеѹƣȻҲǳɢȥϾϵӻҪġ
Ҷô˻һ
ǳΧ߶һųʱЩӺŵĺ۳ϡڴϷһźŵĳʮλŵ۳ϡ
У˷мλ棬ֱǴ죬ұһλɫߣߴʱ۾
˭Ȼ˷ֱߣҶ찵ȣչأ˷λ޿ɺǣϵλ磬Ȼֱߵһ
ߣȻܹ˷ֱߵһ˵ĵλڴϣҪǳϡ
ĪеĶϣ
Ҷһɵؿλһۡ


171 Ȩ
֮ڣһƬྲ˵ĿⶼҶϣⲻǰڵӾ棬Щڽеĳ
Ҷʱвɵһŭ⻹ɷʲô
Ҫ˵ɱѪĻҲ̫ЦˣűͺͰٶŵжԣɱٶŵˣҲ޿ɺǡ
״ֱʦһ
Ҷиоʹ죬ڴϥ£Ŀ
ʱǳҲһԣغһ
Щ۳϶û˵ǿóʦͽڶʹ죬˭˵ôпܵǳˡ
νǹͷЩ۳ϿɶϺ꣬ʱһ⣬Ҷ쿴ȴûһ˳
ǲ˵ҶǲȻԪɢʵĹΡ
¿ɰѴеЩ׵ˣһɴ۾Ŀɿڴ˭Ҳû뵽Ҷô
Ǹҿ϶ҶȻˣ϶֪Լʱ򲻽ţôֱ˾档
ǳǳһĨЦݡ
ߣһô֮еһ
˷쿴桰Ҷ죬һ䣬ǳط𣿡
ǳԣɫһƳ˷һۣһ
˷װûз֣һӣָҶ죬ǳ㻹ŵŵ𣿼ô೤ô񣬼ֱĿ𳤡
ҪҶжΪһʦ桢Ŀ𳤵ĵӰǳɫԽԽѿʱʺϷԣֻš
Ͼ˷ǸϼλߣҲܹȻ˷죬Ƿ
˷ĺǳ⣬Ҷ֪û취ˣ۾վĮؿ˷졣
˷ϵظҶ죬һ˿
Ǻǣ
ͻȻҶЦЦ
һɵɻؿ
Цʲô˷üϵغȵ
ͻȻ뵽һ£ҶһЦ
ٴһû˷췢ʣҶͽ˵µģǰиСؤһλүס˰ٹ٣Ȼٶλү˵ɣǶסˡǺǣ
ҶֱӰǰٻĹ¸ıˣϾޣɱϻǿˡ
Ȼˣȴһ
ڵĳ϶Ǳ֮ˣҶǳı飬Ҳ˵һС
˷ҲȻڳٻɫһڣޱضҶ죬ȴûеıŭ
ʱҶ쿴˷첻źۼƳһλ۳һۣλһֱע˷飬״ɫһվָҶȵҶ죬֪
Ǻǣа߰
Ҷ״ϵĳ֮ɫˣߣ˵֮У
ΪǣôӣһǰϵŶˣ˵ʲô۳ϴȻغȵ
ҶԴЦ
ЦʲôǸ۳һۣȵ
˵ųϣǲԺŵĵˣҪҵͷϣĻǳǧˣҶЦ
ǰߣ壬ѹһܹϣԭ˷Сܰ
壬˵֤ݣϷĵӣϷûо㡣ߣǳʱˣĿ⣬˸
ڿ˷쵭Ŀʱʱ˵ǳҶɱѪٶŵıҲôӣһˣҲ˳ϲεǿߡ˫ƴȥôҪ˶ãžҪһˡ
λԣɫȻԤϵֺ˷Ҷ졣
˼ٶżȻɳϲεǿߣôſ϶ҲɳϣҲǴеЩ۳ϣɹغǵȻҲ֣ضԴ
˶ģЩеλĳǣֻڽ̵һµǣúŵλȨɲȥͰٶƴ
ˣһ棬˼ĺս⣬󲿷ֶ˷һ˼ǾǽҶ죬ٶŵĳޣ벻Ҫôƴ
Ҷע⵽ڳǵɫ仯ʱһض壬ʵ壬δ̫ǿʶ˰ɣźͰٶУɱѪΪųȥһĴУûнжΪﲻˡ˼ǲ˵ԺҪͰٶźƽദٶŵĵӶҪ֣˼Ҷ㶯֣ҲҪ첱˼ɱ𣿡
Ҷһʣ˵ſڽ࣬࣬˵
λҲû˳
͹ȻٶŵķҶģǰŵŹ棬Ҷûдκһ
ԣ֪Ҷðٶ飬Ҫһɣǳڣ˭⶯Ҷ죿
ҶȻԼƣԲģʱؿ˷죬֮ɫ
λҲ˷죬뿴ʲôԲߡ
ʱ
˷Ȼվ
ڸ߸ߵλϣվˣ͸ӸӵؿҶˡ
Ҷ죬㵹һ죬˵˷쵭˵ĮؿҶ죬·ڿһƵġ
ҶһسӦñҸŹɣҶûзκһŹ档
ȷûзŹ棬ҽ컹Ҫ㽻ٶţܻŵΣ˷˵
ҶɫʱһƾʲôʲôȨôҪ˵ôȻǸҲûȨҵ
Ȩ
˷ؿҶ죬Į˵ΪһζõȨ洫µŵӣԼŵӡ㣬Ȼ츳Ȼŵӡ
ҶͫһеǹΣôˣһ㡣
Ϊ˷ȷһȨ
ȨֻŵӺŵӡ
Ҷ죬Ȼʵǿ洫ӣϾûͻھ磬洫ӡ
ҶһȻһ㡣
ϷǳϵɫҲ漴Щѿ
ڣʹΨһһεĶȨ㽻ٶţⳡΣ˷˵
֮Уʱѻȸ
ҶȻصŴɫĮ˷죬˫ȭÿ֨졣
˷Ӳˣƾ˵ʲôûãҶ죬ǳϣ˸Ȩʱ˸ֲ֪Ӧԡ
Ҷ죬ڻʲôҪ˵Ȼ֪ô㲻ƽΪŵİΣҲòôʲôԸҴţɵġ˷ʱһʵҶҧгݡ
ȻûԸô˷컹û˵꣬㱻һϡ
һ£
£ϼӴ˽һͷѩİ׷õô˶ɴ۾


172 һ
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˶ɴ۾𾪵ؿţӵ߽ϼһͷѩ׵ĳʹͫһ
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ĳǷ׷ɻһüͷ壬֮ɫ
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ʦ㣬ҶҲ߽ϼµߵ⣬ΪϼܾȵЩм
ϼؿҶһۣ漴Ŀ⣬תϷ˷죬˵Ҳͬ⽫Ҷ콻ٶţ
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棬Ϻ˷һЦ·ʤȯա
ΪʲôҶŭŴĿĴϣΪԼϣǴȴǲñΪͽֶһŭ졣
Ҫ֪ڴ֮ǰҶΪʽλϷǳ𾴺͸мģԴ˿Ե÷ǳŭ
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һϹһСҶٴš
ڳĿɿڴһĿ࣬û뵽Ҷ쵨ô
棬˷Ͷ϶ɫһ䣬ضҶ죬ɱ
ôҪ𣿡ҶЦ
һ֮ˣϷ򷸲ŸһʶЦֻ˫ɱɭȻ
壬ҽΪսٶš˷ȵ
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ңǳϲȻŭ̾ͷˡ
ʦܻ侲㣡ϺȵӴϢǳϡ
ǳɫѿŭصŶϡ
Сӣο˭ܾȵ㣬ٺ٣Ц
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ߣֻϼһߣֱ߳һţ㽫߷ɳȥײһ棬Ѫ
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ȻһһӰ˴֮УضĶϺ˷졣
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峤ϣ
ӰڶʱһƬ
۾ĴҲ۾ȵؿŴȻֵӰ
һһ׷ߣԵЩϣǹϢ˶С϶ɫصؿһۡ
һˣԵȤˣȻһͷ꣬ģ档ͬû˸СΪ֮һ峤ϡ
ǣҶҲȣϳˣǵŰʱȥϴʱˡ
Ǹ׷߾ɨأʱʮӻ˵СһɲˣҶҲΪȻû뵽ɲ⡣
һͷ꣬ҶЩˣû뵽ʯСӣȻŶ֮һ
Ҳͬ⽫Ҷ콻ٶţ׷ߣҲϣ˵
һϺ˷ɫʱ
ʲôʱҪٶЭˣߣǸҷҲҷҾԳȥɱٶŵӣǷһءͷЦ
ڳĿɿڴһƳתˣȶջҶӮˡ
Ϻ˷ɫޱѿ
ȻˣµΪֹɢᣡڿˣ˵һȥ
ĵ˷ȥ
ǰǺݺݵҶһۡ
ҶȴǸȥһ


173 

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οһۣϺ峤ϳ֣ıˡ
뵽Ҷæܵںǳϡ峤ǰһ񣺡лλϾ
Ǻǣ֮ͣʦֶý黳Цݣ˵˲Ծظе׽
һԵĹͷ꣬Ҳ峤ϣЦеضҶ쿴ٺЦСӲûȤΪʦ
Ҷʱһ
ͯȻҵǽǣҿƤ˰ɣûҶػһԵǳ϶ʱȻŭ
УҼСʱ㻹ǶɽءҪǱϹèӣС˭ͽܻ˵ء峤ƲƲ
ŶǳԲ죬漴ԭ򣬱׼ȥʴϵģǾһ飬Ȼȥϡ
ҶҲһԸҲ棬ΪʲôϲñΪͽ
Сѵһеš峤˵ţҶӣʱһۣߺߵͷ׼ΪͽģҲʽͷʱûΪͽĴ㣬ԼϣԵȵ֮ʱΪͽ
ϧСӲ궼û⣬ϼһһˡ峤ϼʵؿǳϡ
Ǻǣǳźӣ֮ɫ
Ҷ˿ҲȻԭˣô˵ִˡ
û⣬˵⡣
Ҷ첻Цû뵽ԼʵȻԼΣ
һԵ峤Ͻ˵˷Сӻ磬˵⣬ͷ׼ʽҲ֪ͷҪһˣҲΪˣβŻ϶Ǹյļһɡ
ߣ˷츳Ȼֵÿ飬Уδػʲôǰ;ǳߵ
зˣһֱ˵ϵ˵иһ˿ǡ
ߣͷŻҵҪ˷Сӻܷ첻ɡ峤ߵ
ҶһҡҡͷűһƬгû뵽˲ӣһСģҪֱ
Сӣҿ㣬Һˣ׼ȫ㣬ֲΪһ峤ͻȻҶļŵһ㶡
ǳһҼͽ츳Ȼ˷ʱһЩֻҪŬټİδز˷һƴ
ţ֣صص˵ͷ
ǳϿϵͷϲɫˣ֪ɲ⣬϶ɵѣֻһֱȽϵ͵ѡ
ҶһĿɿڴ̲ס˵˵ʦ𣬻λϣǾҪ˷쿹⣬ҲҪʦŶԣҺ˷Ϊ̫ˡ
һԵϼ׷ƮƮɫĮԵؿҶһۣҶ֮λûȤ
峤ҡͷ̾ѾͷȻ츳˷컹һ㣬СǱˣлᳬ
û뵽϶ôİҶЦһ⣬Խ˷죿ûǵİҲԳ·ȥ
УҶܵԼʵСдǰʵ˭
⣿ϣ㿴ˡҶЦ˭Ϊû⣬ʵĵѾﵽһɾ磬֮˷Ҳ
ֻҪҶΪ˷첻ûܣкܴĿܡ
һ죬Ҿʽ˷죬Ǹ棬Ӧû˼ɣҶ찵뵽Щ˷ܺڴһ뵽ܵƣоͳŭŭʱѾݻΪս⡣
ҶڳǿĶ
СӣҲģģ֪ܲƷɾİӡ峤ʱ˵
Ҷʱȵؿϡ
ϳһ˿֮ɫϾͱһɷŭȡ϶̳һͽ
һ֮ѣһУǳߵ
߰ɣȥأھСӽڡ峤ϿЩˣ̤ն𣬳ɽ¼ȥ
Ҷæȥ

ء
ҶڶˣоƺһЩȲϴˡ
峤ƺɻ΢΢һСӣϴ͵ҵᾧһûء
Ҷʱڨڨ˵û뵽ͱϷˡ
ΪûᾧۣȻȲϵ
ǺǣҲı£㶼ˡһԵЦǺ˵
ǳ֮ɫѯ֮󣬶ʱȡ֪Ϻ峤ϵʵҶ쾹ȻƤµᾧⲻò𾪡
ϧǲ֪Ҷ첢û͵ᾧֱӽˡ
ҶεЦЦҲûн͡
ˣȥɣľ磬ýھˣֻؽ͸һãù˶û£峤˵
ͯôһô⣬Ҳˡǳ
˵֮䣬ҶѾȲȥ峤˵Ĳȱͽھˡ
ϾͱڲͬҪٳʮС硣Ҫһ֣пܰظ⣬֪ʱ峤ϻ᲻ޡ
ҶǲЩˣȻ峤϶գ͹ˣ߶ʮѪͣڵ
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ʮѪ뱬ɵĲرϵ峤ϡϡǳϡϼ˶һ䡣
𾪵ؿеҶ죬ʱҶ죬һһڵ಻سӿȥ
ôգҲ±űӰ峤ϵɴ۾
һ̣֪Լ׵ˣΪЩȫҶڼ
ҶշǳԵӶᡢˣǳϵ˿Ŀ࣬ޱ𺳡
ض𶯣ֲ̫ˡ
ͯʧˣҪˡǳϿҶٶȣЩЦ˷ܵ˵
СһҸ˵Ҫһˡ峤ϲص˷֮ɫ
оһĿ⣬Ҷ졣
ϼҲؿҶ죬û뵽λСʦܵ츳˳֪ΪʲôȻ뵽ƷɣƷɣҲһ츳š
һ̾ϼȥ
ǳǶûϼȥǽҶ졣
ʱҶѾڿСˣӴܣʮ㣬׼ٵһС硣
ֻ룬ҶͷϿգһâȻ֡ʱţâԽ۶Ŀһ̫һҡ
ڿٳСˣǳЦݣԼͽܽµľ磬ܸˡ
ЦϾˣͬʱϺ峤Ҳͫһ𾪡
Ϊһ̣ҶͷϿգٶȳһ㣬ɢҫ۵Ĺâ


174 
䣡
ϥص룬ҶâɣΧͷϿգڶСҲѾϡ
Ҷоǳˬоۼ˲֪ǳŨ㹻ٳʮСˡ
Ҷһ̺˷ѣֱӵеµС硣
䣡
СҶͷϿճˣС粢УɢźƴϢΧն
ǳϡ峤ϡϴ˿ѾĿɿڴ
СҪ˰峤̿ˮš
һЩĹܹ˶࿪һС磬СӦļˡǳϿеҶ죬˵
䣡
ǳϵĻ²ãСˣҶʵжǳϲΣڨڨСȱ˶һҲûʲô˵ġ
䣡
ں嫵֧£ҶһԿٳС磬ټǰС磬һСˡ
С磬ɢųҵĹâǺƴƥϢõǳϵ˶ݡ
ӣǳҲ޻˵ˣĬĬ߶֣̬
峤ϺҲˣ
䣡
ʱ򣬵ڰСˣһɸӿֲƵ
ˣСѪħѪħ䣬Ǻôоһ̲ס̾
ǳϺ峤ԣҲ۾һǶǿߣȻ֪ѪħĴš
ѪħʮС磬˫ǰ޹˺ߣû뵽ʮ˹ôѰҵѪħ䣬ȻСӵõˡ峤ҲɵһĽؿеҶ졣
ͽ츳ȺҲޱŨĳɾ;ԲѪħ١ǳϷǳЦһ뵽ԼԺܻһѪħǰͽܣжȻһС
ӣ˵峤ϣ϶Ľؿǳһۡ
ĵӣ˭ϲ
䣡
ãʣµСҲҶ쿪ٳҶڽھ硣
ԴˣʮС磬ҶһԲȦҶΧС
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ֲʮС֮йͨǺ嫵һĻõǳϵ˾̾ѡ
СΪʲôԽսʤˣʮСдԶԶͬߵʮ֮డ峤˫
ǵȻѪħͬ޵֣ԽɱǿߣѪħİ»ᳬǵ󡣡ǳ˵
Ѫħ䣬ټǵİҶ쳬Խ˷Ҫ˶áϵͷ
ٺ٣ʱͷͶϺúһƣ˭ĸ峤ЩֻЦ
οˣһڵġǳҲЦ
ãҶ컺չʮСΧգñ޷֪̽ȴ̽鵽ʮСڵȫ
ڽˣҲԼ˽˿ռ䣬ԴƷˡҶ˷֮ɫ
ڣѾĵãȥȥˡ
֮УھǿߣԿˣΪС磬˸
̤֮ھ磬ǿߣ֮ǰľ磬ֻǡӡѡ
ȻҶ˵ǣڿŵؽ׵ѪնѪħµ似һǳǿ
뵽Ҷ̲ס˷
Сӣһѣʲô峤ϿҶӣ̲ס
ҶٺһЦûжͣȻֻǽһʵȴǷ˷츲صı仯֮ǰǿ౶
ʱǼսս¿֮ºˡİΣ˱֤ٶŲǿߣûҪˡ
Ҷ˿̲ŸܵԼʵǿ
ˣҲٴˣССͣܽڣȵƷɺ˷춼ǿ̫ˡЦ˵
ǹ˵ģţܿ佱ˡ峤ƲƲ졣
Ƿģͽ֪ûнԴĿܡǳϵ˵
ҶҲͷǷģҪҲҪõҽ񾳽磬ҲŻ὾

һ㾲
ǳ˶ɴ۾ҶЩ°ͣô˵ˣ
񡭡г˾η̾Ϣݴ½Ѿܾûе񼶱ǿˣǱʮ˹һǿ߶ûеҲѪħпܽˡ
Сӻ룬񾳽磬ǿɲ츳ܴﵽġû㹻ĻԵûĥ̤־硣ǳ϶ҶЦ
ǷҲ֪Ҷԣ֮ɫã㱱ʮ˹ܵǿߣأݴ½ôҲ˳Ϊ
Сӣһǡ峤ϿЦǻ䣬Ǳʮ˹ƫһ磬ҲܸӦĵ
ʷмأ񼶱ǿߵʱǿֲݴ½һȣ½ѡǳη֮ɫ
֮Ϣڹ㶼ܸӦĵ峤˵
ҶĿɿڴ㿴ˡǳΪ񣬲֪ǲǿԳϣ
ֻҪһˣû˶Գϣûл롣
ҶҲˡ
ˣСӣѾھˣʲô㣿峤ʵ
ȥҶʵ˵
ڣǳüͷٶֵ֣ҶҪǳȥû׼ͻزˡ
뷨ȷܹǿʵ峤ϵǵͷͬ漴һ䣬˵ڳȥ֮ǰҽѧһѧı£ȥô

ϣ
ǳϺҶ춼һ
Ҫ𣿡ǳϲؿϡ
ҶзǿʦеֶΣѵʦ
̲סϣ϶¶һ˿ЦݣЦɲôѧģֻᴫһֵҩƷ
׼˵գʲôҩǳƳһԵ峤һۣ漴ʵ
ҶҲڴؿϣû뵽žȻһʦѹִϺͶ϶ǳɵϡ
ϣɲⰡ
Ҷ֪һЩҩͬϵǿǿֱΪĵҩǳڴ׼ڸĵҩ
˵ĿעУϻ˵ҪǰڵֵҩƷǳ򵥣ֻڲϲѰҡֻҪƳɹӦ֪Ч
ڵҶɻһ˵ֵҩ
Ȼǰڵ㾹Ȼֵҩô㹱׳ǳɫһ䣬̲סʵ
Ƴһۣҡҡͷ˵̫磬ֵҩҪһͷڼڵɹҪֵƹ㵽ɣǲܵ顣
ԭˣǳ϶ʱȻ
ڵʲôЧҶ̲סʵĵĻⵤҩܹΪ


175 
һ¹ȥˡ
ҶѧϰôưڵȻǺܿ죬վѧˡ
ּƷҩԶһֵûֵҩ
˵һͷڵΪΣټһ̺ԶѪڵΪϣƳɹ
˵ˣֵҩƷѣؼƵĲϺѾۼ
Ȳ˵һͷޣǶҪϵļУһ̺ԶѪڵޱϡ١
ֵҩһƳɹһŵҩһ߽ڶ켶ļƷҩ
Ҷ쵱һЧϾͺԥظѧϰˣʱѪնŲȥŵؽ似ҲҪѧưڵ
츳Ҫλʵɲʦָºѧưڵ
סڵ־֣Ҫ̺ԶѪڵ䣬ֻҪڼϵĶԡǴҪĲϣҲһͷͨ޵ڵȴΪǿ仯һָҶ졣
ʲô仯Ҷɻⵤҩ־֣
һΪҪһҪһڵǴҪĲϼɡڶôͻƣҪڶڵˡϻ˵
ԭˣҼסˣϷġҶʱȻļ
οصͷҶ˵ҽȥɽҪޣңҵ̺ԶѪ޵Ļ󡣡
ϣ㣬ٺ١ҶЦҪưڵҪ̫ˣһڼϵޡ׹ɽҲĸطôˡ
ϼҶд㣬˵ͷãҲֻܸ㸨ǿ֮·ҪԼȥߡȥɣ´λϣѾһˡ
ţһóʧġҶصͷ漴ظһ˸ĻԵ̫ˣǰʦ
ҲûֹοصͷĿҶԶȥ
𣿡ϿҶıӰоһһ˿ϣ
֮Ҷ׼ȥʦǳϸ𣬽ȴûҵǳϡ
ǣԼĹҵַɡ
ףأҶ췢ַֹֻһˣɵúʵ
ʮؿȥˣѾͷʦȥˣʦڱչؽھ磬ҲҪȥˣⲻڵôҲҪȥ𣿡ַ˵
ٶŲֵĺô㲻ҶȻ
Թ˭Ҳ˭ַһη֮ɫҶı飬ʱڨڨʵٶѾͣˣ·˺ܶ飬Ҹ㽲ɡ
Ҷϸ¹Ȼ˺ܶ顣
ȣ峤˵Ҷڲ֮ɱ˳ȥһ֮£ɱʮλٶŵĳϡ
أٶȻưոݣæɳڼǿΧ峤ϣ˫ܾˣ˭ûֵˡ
ǳҲȥˣٶҲɳͬȼĳϣܾˡ
˫ͻٴʱ򣬴ϳˣһ֮شٶǿУٶܡڴϵǿ֮£ٶŲòͷҲͬˣŲҶ顣
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޵УֱӾڲ֮أҲѹִܹݺ磬˶ɵ
ٶҲΪɵϣŲòͷ
ʵٶҲŭϣڴ׹˭֪ϵԪˡʱŭϣôпܻᱻǰŵ汳ǿߣû˸ӡַ͵͵˵һ˿ǡ
дϣݣðٶ̧ͷǺܶŵĳ϶֪Ԫһ֮󣬿žҪٶŴ̧ͷˡ
Ҳ㵣ǣżѰҴˣֻҪʽһϣô׹Ŷɵ
Ҷ֮˷Щ˷ܣʽйȺĵؽ׵Ѫնȵ֮󣬿±ȴϻҪǿ
˷أһڸʲôҶʵ
ϱչʽȥˣ£һҲ̫ˣȻġַߵ
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Ҷʮ㣬Ȳ˵ѾһʽڣʽҲֻʱˡ
⣬֪ʽ̫ͼйأǰľۣʽǳ죬˷Ҳô졣
ԣɵʽľҶ졣
֪ʱϿʽ˷죬ʲô飿
Ҷ찵Ц
ˣǳҸ㣬峤ȥһطչȥˡغ󣬿гȥٵˡַɺȻ˵ҶܹѾѾ˻
Ȼˣ׼Ͼ뿪ˣˣҪȥҶԵͷ漴ѯַɵƻ
ַ͸һɾ⣬ҧҪϼȥˡ˵仰ʱг˺⣬һȲ
ҶüһηַвһŭֻԷ˵Ҳô˵˽ʵϼ˳˳·
ϼڴǣ俤һͨеȳǳءַ˵
俤Ҷ۾һЦǻˣҪȥɽҲ俤ɣ׼һ£һ
ŶǺã˴ǣһ١ַҲ۾һ
ţڴ֮ǰҵȥһˣһˣ˳ʮкҶ˵
ãҲҪǵ̷𡣡ַЦǻˡ
ʰһ¶ΪҶѾھ磬һС磬ЩУʹǿ־ͿԳˡ
СˬַɿҶֻһ֣һѶͲˣгĽ֮ɫ
ǺǣڣҲСġҶЦ˵Ҳǳ˷ܣС֮ҲñսˣҲõı˷սˣʲôԷСС
СҲҶŽеһСУССˣǳ˷ܡ
ңַɿЦҡҡͷڲ߼Ҫڣ»ʮʱ䡣
ǿɲһ˵߰ɣû׼·ϾʲôϲҶЦ
Ҳԣһһܺãû׼ռĹ⡣ٺ٣ַЩڴ˵
һţ뿪š


 


176 ɨ
ɽ
Ӱһǰһ󣬴ŵСз˳Ȼֱſǵķȥһӱ뿪ɽ
ɰ´ַɹȻǿߡɽַɴţйеС
ˣҸһͻزȥˡҶȴɫһ䣬漴ɨĴ֣ȵɣǰأ
ţַһ㶣æعؿïʢ֡
ǣзǳƽû˿
Ӧ˰ɣˣַɲɵջĿ⣬ɻؿҶ졣
ߣȻǲǾɣҶûлش𣬶һӴн£˳һƺ𶯲񷡣
ʱ޴ǳ֣֮ƬïܵĴָǣֲϢϵַɶѡ
֮Ҷ죬һʩչǳ֣֮ǿ˱̬
Ͼ֮ҶʮСṩȻʮ
Ĳ𣿡ַ½ĿתƬïܵĴ֣ǳֵ֮ı£ӰɢڼϢ
˻صĺַɵһҿҶȻɡ
ȻǰٶŵĳϣһԼα¶æнҶ칥ȥ
Ȼ㷢ˣǾǰ·ˡһģɭЦ
ϻˣźܽСıǷ֡
Сӣ뿪
ٶǿߺȵ
Ϊϵıȣٶŵȷ˽гɱŵӡЩ˾ϲΥϾٶŵˣָԸؽġ񡱣
һЩѷİٶųϣǳûɱŵӣٶŶԴҲһֻ۱һֻֻۣҪ̫࣬Ҳûжϵ
ܵٶųɢǿϢַг˵ǣҶŸոսڣܹս
Ǻܿ죬ҶʵжһЩ˼ھ磬ҲֻǷ
ͬǰһĻ
Ҷһֱۣһƺ£µǳ֮գǲ񷣬ƺƵһضڲ
СӣСǣ
һѣôԴ󣡡

ٶŵĳϿҶĿ˵ӣʱȻŭһȫ֣캳ءµܷȥһÿò
ǣҶ⼤䣬£ٶĳһƣʮ˵ǳ֮ѹ£سûˡ

ôܣ
ٶŵĳϴʧɫȻŵøεѣֱӱʮ˵ǳ֮ûƴɽڲ
˾޴ȻΧһЩע⡣
ڲԶĴ֮УһЩΥɱŵӵİٶųϣ׷׾س߿
ʱҶ޾Ĺâ֮г˫һɨΧЩ֣Цź۸𣿼Ȼˣһߡ
˵ʱʱ죬Ҷ컰δ䣬ӱѾűӦЩٶϢȥ
⡭ַĿ࣬һзչ̫죬Ӧ
߰ٶųϵʬ壬ַ࣬Ҷ׷ȥ
֮ټɽ֮Уʱըһٶŵĳϱɱڼ仹вٰٶŵĵҲҶһһɱЩ˵ĳûˣҲˡ
ַɸҶĿͬշѹһ㣬ɨаٶųϣʵ˵Ѿɲˡ
ڣһٶŵĳϱҶɱַ֮ɲҵ˻ᣬŵʵһﵽ״ﵽʲô磬ʵΣ
Щ弶İٶųϣҶϽӲ¼У˫ȫһȼġ
һҶһЦ漴һɨǼ߰ٶųϵʬ壬м˵ȻֻһԸЩ߼µķȴ㹻ˡ
ַɿЦ߼µǷʲôﲻ
ҶҲ֪ԼﲡڨЦҿɲ˵㣬ͬľ磬϶Ҫǿ
ˣû̬ȣַҡͷЦ
ҶӣٺһЦ
Щɽİٶ֮ҶֱַӸǣڰºִ
ӴĿǣһİ
һοǣҶԽ磬ֻһǣǴ׹أ
ǿ»ӵΰ׳۰ɣ
΢΢̾ҶַʱҶֱȥʮӣַȥ̷ˡ
Լãʮʮ档

ʮ
Ҷ죿ôˣȻڰٶźͣսˣͣսԼɲ㰡Ҷʱʮӷǳȣ漴ǵ˵
õģҼȻҳȻԱİաҶŵЦ
ʮһϸҶһۣüͷһϲȻ͸ΪоԽɲˣǽھ˰ɣ
ȻѯʣѾ϶ˣ뿪֮ǰ֪Ҷڳھ硣
ҶҲΪЦųϵţ
ˣϻˣγ׼ȥʮӰ˰֣ʵ
ɽ
ʮӣҶû٣ЦպַҲҪϼңúһ𡣡
ףǻɰ˵ϼڴǣлҲȥһʮ۾һЦ
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У̺ԶѪڵҲһ¡Ҷ漴
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ҶСȡӣڵϣһһ򿪣¶һʯ
ǵõʯ
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һҪѼʱ䣬֮ǰȻҪúýһ׼һЩʯҶҾؿԼǵΪ
ȻҶҾЩˣһЩΪҲﲻʲô
ǿΪ磬ʵܹǿһ֣Ȼá
ҶڵΪһЩƷʯҲʲôãһЩ


177 ȥһս
ʱ䣬תۼ
⼸֮ڣʮͨԼڸչڵܿͰҶʯˡ
ʮĴҶ쿴һӳѪϢڵһſɢŸֹâڵܵŭ
һڵ93ţڶڵ73ţڵ57ţļڵ32ţ弶ڵ12ţڵ6ţ߼ڵ2šʮЦ˵
Ҷ۾Ŀڵг˷ܣһӵõôڵʡȴ˲ٹ
⣬һõһй̺ԶѪ޵Ϣʮӻû˵꣬Ҷйâʱʵ˵
룡
ʮ˵գЦҡҡͷ𼱣Ϣδػģȥ俤ʱ϶Ҫ·Ȼ˳·ôÿ˳ȥ˵ġ
룿Ҷüͷһ˵ͷ֪ˣʱһġ
һƬϾҵĵطкܶǿ˭Ҳ˭ֲб֮ͽǳĻҡ
ԣһЩǳػҪģȴʼ޷γɳǳء
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뵽Ҷտտڴ
죬Ҷһżˣһʮڿ⡣
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ƹѲʮﾫһѾõϢҶٱ¶һǣͻܵٶǿߵ
𣿡Ҷһھƣ۾ʵ˿ǣȻû뵽ٶŵˡ
ӦûУȻֳʵǿ߲Զˡ˵ǰʱٶźŴûȣ˫ĳ϶˲ᣬֱϻࡣٶŵǿ߿¶ˣʱ㣬ھżǿ߾ٲˣɱˡʮ˵
Ҷԣйâһŵ˵ֻҪûϵǿߣ˭ˣҶ޾塣
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һһȥ֪ҪòˡʮæҲ͵ˣʱҵΪ˦һַ֡ɾٱЦ
ŶʮüͷһЦʮ𣿲Ҫ˦һ֣㻹ԶˣǾͱȱȿһǰ˭ߣ
ãһΪ˭ѧСУַɺٺЦ

һƬֵ֮УϯĻ

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߰ɣǿ϶²ǽҹ뿪ϿǳŽգûҸͣ˭ȥʮЦ
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Ҷûжԣ˵ͷַʧŨŨҹɫ֮С
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þȣǿɲܹһģǵһһҼ֮С˰
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˭
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Ҷ˫â䣬ѪҵĵâƬճ֡

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ߣʮӰ·𣬴һɹɿֲ
һΰٶʮλϣÿһ߼֮ϣߵĴﵽھżȻѾǳҶˡ


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Ŵս汬ĿֲϢٶŵʮǿ߶ʱɫһ䣬׷ޱ𺳡
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λ̫ģϾֻһϷͲˣΨһһھżİٶǿߴȵõʱȶҶ컹ûдǾ͵Ϯˡ
˵öԣһˣŸոսڣ˼Ҳô˿⣡һҲ˵
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ֻ֣©ھżİٶǿߴӿڵĶ˲񷣬Ҷӭ
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Ҷ֪Щɲǣ˵ڶľתս壬Ҳմϰ㣬һҪǵֵסͱˡ
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սپҶһһλ߼İٶǿߣսЯſֲƣֱ¡
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ҶһһɰĵˣϢ֮䣬߼İٶǿͫһоԼȻ޷ˡ
⡭һʶ̾ϢһѪܵͷ­𣬱׵Զ
Ҷһ̤ʬ棬תɱԱߵһٶǿߡ
ʱٶǿ߻ҶǾ޵һ֮УһҶ쳯Լʱŵøεѣɫɷס
ҺƴٶһҧȻҶȻŲ֪ΪʲôǸͬ鲻ӣԼҲӲߣƴˡ
ɼΣϧԲҶ״û˿⣬Ц貵ĵâֱӳŶԷֶ¡
Χٶǿߣһ˲һͬ飬׷ԶȥҶ˾롣
ʲôһϣһŭĴȴǸǰҶһɵھżǿ߷˻ЩȥİٶǿߣʱѪŭ
ٶŵǿ߲ٴΧ˹ҶѾǸƴİٶǿնɱʣµİٶǿΧûսһɨȥҵĵâһƬӣû˲񷡣
һ£شһˣʣµļٶǿҲǱѣǸھżİٶǿʮ˴ʺһ顣
ǸھżİٶǿҲŭӣôһɺƺƵֱӳҶ졣
ϾھżǿߣҶҲҴ⣬սķâʱȡϷ磬һ߼Ǽ˵İٶǿնɱ
ҶƵǸھżİٶǿȻȴκβҶ죬Ϊս̫ǿˣֵֻܵ޷
ҪԪҶ죬ҲǲܵģҶӵʮС磬ԪƴһֱսһʱԪû˿Щٶǿɻѡ
ֹһʱ󣬰ٶһٶǿߣֻʣˣҶ˲ˡ
Ҷ죬ȴԽսԽͣԽԽǿƣھżİٶǿ߶˶ദ
ߣ
ڣǸھżİٶǿ߲ʵشһܡ
ʣµļٶǿҲûпʵڵһˣԶʱܵĻҪ죬ʧҹɫ֮С
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СӣˣǰٶŲŹģӲֿھżİٶǿߣǰŭش
֮ˣҷϻҶһ˻
СӣϷϲĶ֣ҪϷҲǲܵģھżİٶǿߴһӿ޾Ԫһ嫵С磬Ҷѹ
𣿡
ҶһΧʮС磬Ǳ˴һԲվԲģһֱֱ¡
ʮС磿ôܣǸھżİٶǿ߼һĻŵõɴ۾š
ӲܵĻں桪Ҷ𣬰ɱ¾ڲأ޹˼ɵر˳ϯƬء
أ
Ǹھżİٶǿߣбһ漴㱻񷡣ɫһ䣬֮ɫŨˣ𺳡
һɵ⣡ǲš
ȥɣ
Ҷ⼤䣬µĵ⣬һǸھżİٶǿ߶֮УȻһݺ¡ҵĵâضûˣƵôزѡ
֮ǰΪҶûЩٶǿߣԲҹȻ¶⣬ڣֻʣһٶǿˣҶ޹˼ɵչֵ⣬ɱ
һɵ⡭ʮС硭ǰٶŵʲôĵ˰һ̾Ϣ˵ǣص֮䡣
ھżİٶǿߣǰ֪ҶܣȴѾ޷ٴٶˡ
ߣ
ٶţ
Ҷ֮ʱŵʱ򣡡
ҶһЩɱİٶǿߵʬսСУȻСǵСУǴصıȡ˳
˵Щ˶ǰٶŵĸ߼ϣвٺöҶһա
Ҷ춪Щʬ壬Щʬ壬ڵгһ֡
ȻҶתȥʧ֮С


179 еȱ
նůմأһƬɫĹâ
ǣĲԶһƬĴ֮УվżɫӰЩӣк׷ߣ꣬ǴͳһĺɫΡ
ǵݶǲǴ˿ȴһɫѿ
ԭǰһ֣֣ȴʬɵģϸĻᷢЩʬϵķΣϴһģһ
ȻЩ˶ǰٶŵĳϡ
յϢûд𣿾ƾСһˣǰٶŵʮλɱôܣ볤϶ˡһУ˲š
볤ϾλҶɱھżİٶǿߡ
˵ɫҲˣۿʵںʵ
ϾǰٶյϢǣҶֻһҲͻƲã죬Ҳôǿ
ӻǼλԣСһǿټϵ츳ǷʵʮһЩ̾˵
֪ǿҲ˻ܳԼ˼ǿߡ˵Ҷ챾츳ǳǿ󣬼ûǼҲܱȼǿߡ
ʱøϽһص˵Ҷʵ츳ѾǸеˡ
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Ҷ߰ٶŵģȻҲ֪ٶɳ˶ôǿݣˣȴҶݿػˡ
Ҷ죬һĶ֣Ȼǿս⡣

뿪˿ǣҶһ·ϼٸ·ֱȥǳ֮󣬲ٶȡ
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ҶֻѪնǺַɡ
ˣҿɲһ˴ĵģоܡַæҡͷҶСֻ϶ûУʱУҪǳʱ棬ҿ϶Լġ
ҶҲԣµ˵ͷðɣȥϢһŸ·
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似ǽʮСǿһԹǳˡ
ҶоԼҪһУôﵽ֮ǰҲҪʲô似ˣһоܳԱ¡
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ɴ˿ɼ似ǷǳĿֲ
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ҪԲ磬û깦ǲеˡ
һ뵽ѪնҶ첻ɵøоѪڣʱסӣ

룬ֿ俤׷￤Ľ紦ܵش
Ǵ׹һĻҵشߡߡǿˡɽɱ֡˵ȵӡ
˸һ֣֮ǡ
ϧûг׹ҲĹơûзɣҲûеıѪǿʳ
һûǿӵ̶ӣǲﾭģˣǵ֮
ǿ洦ɼµߡ
Ҫ˵ֿ˿֮⣬¾ĸ߶ˡ

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ΨһһҿջҲȫһҿջֻҪס棬Ͳõıɱ
ʵϣںܾ֮ǰ뻹ջģǺˣֻʣһ̫ƽջ
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ԴԺ̫ƽջУ˰ȫϢĿջҲΪ˵صߣѡҹ
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ˣСǺõȣ˵һӣɫţȲȴֻһֻ첲
Աһ긾ЦٶĴɣΪɱСһȻǡ֣СӺܲ򵥡
ϸȥ⸾ֻһֻȡ
ϱ߿ˣһǳΪһԷǡǰʮĽɱ֡еȱ
˵źͰٶֿɣôڰǿɱ֯ǿİ
дԣ鲼ʮ˹ֻֿһֲѡ
еȱǵеĽɱ֣ͬʱҲֿһʮķ򸾣ǳǿ벽κβǡ
ֿܶǿߣǵţǶоһ
λϣСӵУַɵĲŵŵӣֻ߼ΪֵһᡣΨһֵעǸҶСӣĴţλҲӦ˵˰ɣݴֿĴ˵
ţҶС˵ˣΪɱ˰ٶ״ӣֵֿ󳬼ɴúңǰˡ˵ͷ
ǰҲ˵ˣĸǼʶһ۷Ծû뵽ǰԪˣʵôǿһѹٶȺۣǴ˵еǿߡ۾Ц
ⳡսĿˡǺЦ


180 
һСôǿҲ֮СΪ˷ֹŵıһǵ뿪ֿһʱ䡣վ⼤
ǰĴֿ󺺣ʱоһæλϳ֣˷ضֵ
ȥɣǣ뿪̫ƽջǻĸȥŻնɱ˵
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ݴֿĴ󺺻˳ӡ
ջĿ⣬ԱߵЦ˻ô侲һΪ׼ھȥɱأ
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ӵͷ漴¶һ˿⣬Ҳ£˰ﱣӣǾǴӵһǿ
ǰߣǾʹȥǺߣǾɱ˶ᱦ۾ɭȻЦ
֮İԴЦ

ʱ֣һϦʧ֮ʣнɫӰ
ɫǳ۵ꡣ
Ҷ죬ǰһ̫ƽջǾһʱ䣬Ҳ̺̽ԶѪϢ
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ˣҶַˣǸµ·ڵִ롣
ҶҲ˸ܵݴ½Ĺ͵׹ôӴ磬¸һ޷ݵء
ѹ콾ȥһΣʮ꣬¸·ȥһʱ䡣Ҷ찵뵽
һʱ̫֮ƽջ
λ͹٣ס껹Ǵ⣿ҶǽʱһСӭ
ҶɨһۿջڵΪҶһЩ龳ϵߡѷĿ⣬ԿЩ˶򵥣һ׺ݵ
С׼Ϻõķ䣬Ҫסһʱ䡣ƼҶĬһԵַɶСԸ
С׼һˣºúóһ
ջڵǣЦؽ̸ţҶǽʱвתͷһۣͬ
Ȼŵŵӣ
ǸõСʵһСӲ㡣
ſɲǰ˼ҿֿĳɡ
ٺ٣ڱ𴦣˼ɵšҿ֪в˺Ϊа

޵ַüͷһ壬гŭ⡣
ǣҶ쿴һۣҡҡͷ
漴ĬԷƼûܼջڵĲߴ졣ϾǿҶˣΪѪ嶯ˡ
ٺ٣Сӵǳȣѹָ
ǲҲյעɣ
ôܣյķȼ缸޵ˣһЩ벽κβƾǵʵ˽Ҳķݡ

ջڵǣ̸ּûҶˡ
ǵĽ̸Ļ⣬ȴҶע⡣
գҶ۾һһװԷһ߰Χǵۡ
ЩˡеߣҪܹµУͲסӣϲ̸
ԣڿջ¥֮УԴ׹ĺܶõϢ
ǲ֪һνճ֣ۿһǿ߼ǿߣһƸˡǲ̵ĳ棬ҲЦݺô꣬ʱҲŵòӡһĿĴµ˵
ǽտԶŽǿѪ˵ųΪǱʣûˡ
ǰҪǻң±Ҳò˶١
Χļ˵ҲûЦĿĴ󺺡
ַǵ̸۾һҶ죬տ¾ҵˣʵҲ̫ǿˡ
ҶҲüͷû뵽ǿһ߼ǿߣ²ʮٰɡ
ȹ۲һʱ˵Ҷһ˵
ţдɣҵʵҲﲻʲôæ̫ƽջˡַɵ˵ͷЩֻ֪ҵĵطʵ˵һȥͱ˸ɱˡ
Ȼֿܴ󣬵һ˲ٵˣЩ׺ݵ֮ͽɲɵŵĵӡ
գ
Ҷǳ극׼¥ϢʱһԷ򸾻ű˴ˣ¥
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ķӿջĴⴵ
ҶһоΧǵĽ̸ʱʧˣջһӱþĵģš
ţַҲ䣬̲סȻͫһæعͷҶ켷˼۾֮ɫ
Ҷ쿴СӴ˿һţ˾֡
Բм򸾲򵥰Ҷһʱˡ
һԲмʱջڵǲ̸ֹۣͣǶҿԲм򸾡
ַСʶһԲм
Ҷͷɻ׼ѯַɡ
Сˣм򸾵УǸ˵
Ϊ˿̿ջѻȸܶ˶ˣҶԵķֲ
ٺ٣һʮƷʯСЦûɵм򸾡
㣬̫ƽջô󣡡һʮƷʯԱߵĶſջȥ
λ͹ߣӭ´СƨƨߵʯЦź
ֻӭһߡ
ΪҶǵӿţһԲм򸾣ܿ·ߡ
ףŵСһ۵ƳҶһۣﾫ˸Цû뵽ܼŵλͽ
λǰˡ
ַɲҴҶȴ˵ó˲ʲôˣҲûʲôɫ
ΧĻɵðҡͷ˵СӲ֪ɱ񶼸ǡ
Сĵ㣬вŵĵˣһãǾҪʬ׷ˡԱߵɭȻ˵
Ҷüͷһ壬漴Ц𣿿˶źеⰡлλǰѣϾдŻȥʦǳϹ̸һ̸
Ҷ䣬˵ǳʱΧǵʱˡ
Բм򸾣Ҳͫһһ˿ɵ
ǳŵ֮һҲڴ׹ûʲôֿȴԶ
Ǻǣû뵽СֵǳϵĸͽʵҲǷ򸾿ˡһЦ漴Աߵȥ
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ֱ¥֮󣬿ջڵٶ𣬻ָ֮ǰ־
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ǳΣΪĻ밡Сͷô룬ôû׼ʲôٺ٣Ц
Сһģǵ£еȱǶɱôҲˣѵ׼ɱʲôˣ
˻һ˶оһ͵͵һۿջĴ⣬ûзǶԲм򸾵ӰʱŰ˿


181 Ϯ
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еȱҶɫһ䣬Ȼ֪еȱĴȴ֪ʱ䣬Ҳտ˿¼֪˵ϢǿǱ鲼ʮ˹ɱ֯죬Ŷɵѡ
ˣ϶ǵģôŵŵӡղҲǳϵĴӦ÷ǳɵġַɲ˵󷵻Լӣ
Ҷϥڴϣüͷ壬Ժеȱ򸾵Ӱֻ𡭡
ñǣ
һǣΪеȱ

Ҷ컺۾һѪɫԪڵɫ꣬
Ѫħ伫ת
ܣڵҶΪѰưڵϵĿʱСҲûֹͣɫ츳ٶȻǺܿġ
֮Уʱ죬һתۣһҹȥˡ
ڶһӴʱҶ͵ӣõâ˫Ŀ֮м
˲䣬һǿϢҶϱ漴֡
ҶӴչһӣȫ·žоһˬȻûͻƾ磬Ϊȴ־һ֡
ȥһǽյ٣
Ҷַɴк뿪˿ջ
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˶Ҷָָ㣬ż¶Ŀ⣬ǶҶıӰǸһ˿⡣
΢΢ƳһܵϡߣҶһһϡٵĵطȥ
ֵǣˣһ󺺿Ŵ󿳵ҶıӰٺЦ
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ѡǸطûʲôˣ
̻¶ŵߣȻҶ죬ʧ˵֮С
嶢ϣŵСˡһЩ߿һĻɵҡҡͷ
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յĸͷСҶ찵𾪣һôһСɽˡޣ϶ǳǿ
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ʣµɱ֣ҶǰҲ޷֮˫ȫһȼ档
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Ҷֵ˵Ժԥ˵
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۾ɵϴ֪ͣ˵Щʲô
һԵĵȱŭָҶ죺㡭ȴҲ˵
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һЦ˵ҶСֵܣǺ˵ǵһǵĹ涨ǲ͸¶ϢģκһɱֶΥĹ涨Ȼʵǲ˵ӦҲԲ³˭ɱġ
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183 
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һеž޴ڵҶϸоǵһοڵϺͨڵûʲôֻһЩѡ
ǣҶ콫Լ־עʱȻܵһɷ·ԶźİѪϢŵæջԼ־
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Ҷһ֣еڵȫսСй漴еȱ򸾣ǿˣǵøҽյ䡣
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ȣ˵һ׵һڵҩ֮һɺĵ֮С˲оԼƱڻ¯տһȫ¶·ȼƵģҶ̲ס˻

ҶһͺֲϢʮСͬҵ̫һȫ֣ΧС
ԶԶȥҶƯڰУվʮСɵԲȦСƣһʥַϵϢ
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ҶԼҲ˷ܣ˿޵ʬ壬ٺЦڵ˷ѣ
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184 
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Ҷԣҡҡͷ漴⣬ѯʵˣЩʲô·ûУ
Ҷ찲ȻعַҲûмѰףһ֮ɫףôҲ˵벽׼ɱյĴ𣿡
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հǳӴ붥֮һҲᣬһ츳Ƿ˵ǰٶŵ洫ӣǷˣȴδ֤
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⣬ֵİ벽Ҳ֮
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һǲǰعŮɢĵϢ߶̰ɫǷˡ
ŮĻԸҲʮֻǷֻǵϷһ䣬㱻׷Ŵһ¡ЩʵߣΪһۣͱȥ˫Ŀ
Ů߳ΪħŮħһˣɴ˿ɼǶôηλŮħͷˡ

ħŮ
Ҷμס֣Ҳһμ棬˫ǵˡ
ܹﵽ벽ߣѾ־ֻûдﵽһɾѣĳΪǿˡ
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ȳȥһʱ䣬ڴ˵ءõϢҶһԵַ
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뿪̫ƽջҶʱ䣬ϵ
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յαϾ̫ӴˣҶԼϢһӾͽ˦ˡ
һ̫̬ˣҷ޵Уս˲һʱٵɽУҶ죬оȫͷɢˡ
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ȻջڼѰǸ˯Сһ
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ƾһ˵û취ԸˡҶЩɬЦЦ漴ɵüͷ̺ԶѪ޿ɲôң֪ʱޡ
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˶ʱӦǸ׹һȻһͬҶ죬ȻԼܡ

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ǷһҲãǡ˿⣬ͷûлأ֮С
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͸Ҷķ϶Ҷ쿴һ޴ӰվٲɽУһž޴Դɽ·ŭţһɼ˱׺Ϣӳȥ
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Ҷ찵̾ʵ̫ˣЩԼ֮ǰȻĹսһ󻹱ɵߡ
޴Ӱһɽ壬ɢһӿϢŰء
գһ޴󻯰Գȫ³˺ɫëž޴˵Դôֱֻۣ׳ҶµòĴԼţںŭĻ棬ֱյ졣
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˴˿̾վڲԶУƣա
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Ǹ˳˳͸Ӧһɿֲĵ٣ʱɫ䣬ͷһ۾ɵϴ
ɣҶһͺͬ׹һսĵ⴦һƵĵâһӿҫ۵Ĺâء
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䣡
һ죬ֳսҶ죬һ˵ϡ
˴𣬹ؼʱ̳˵Ǳâʱһ첲һֻ򱻿ˣѪɽȾ˲񷡣
ǳ֣֮ҶԼıɱһûնɱˣҲȣѾ׼õĳǳִ֮ʱгһ޴Ԫƣѹ
գǲ񷣬һƬƵ
ͫһ¶ĹâʵشҲҪ汳Ѫ꣡
䣡
УһĤݣȻΪһѪɫֱ񷡣
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ʱڣ俤ˣһǿĴ۾ɫؿ
ţ̵Ϣ
̵˾ҹˣͲΧ𣿡
ˡ

һֲ־俤ϿպƵţͬʱ俤ߣܵһɹɿµѹ岻ز
ڸ·Ҷ죬ҲһĳأҴһӡ
û뵽һﻹ֣ƴĶ俤עˡҶнֻ뿪Ƭ򣬱Ͼǰ޴ĶΧǿ߿϶鿴ġ
ҪƢõҶˡ
һҪ̵Ǳˡ
ҶʮС籬һɽķȥûȥˣΪǾҲܽû׼Щܷ
ԣȥɽܱܷͷ˳ɱһЩڼޣڵƳĿŰڵԼΪھż
ҶţԼھżʱʸԽսǿˣʱеš

Ҷ첻֪뿪һʱ֮󣬱һ
һȲӣɨΧǽɽһۣ䵽˵ʬ棬΢΢һЦԭ̵ʹͳ죬ʵҲһλǿߣûҪ
£뿪ˡ
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Ϊ֪λʵЩмɵ֪Ҷ߲ãҲûȥ׷
Լʱ֮һ޴Ӱںҹ֮кХǻУֻɺ۾ɨƬɽ֣ĿУ͸ĺ⡣
ǵֻݣǳǿ󣬿ֲѹƬɽ޶ŵſڵϡ
䣡
ͷĶǣͷųһֲĵ⣬һƬɽֶˡ
һ˲䣬ЩڣһƬɽ־ͱųҵĵˡ
꣡
߿գһ壬Ϊһ⣬ʧС
ȤȤһս׵ӣͬڰеһ㣬ӲԶ̤նѾԶݣ¶ζĿ⡣
СӣһЩ˰޵
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ս׵ӻ£һƱֱӾͻΪһɫâʧڲ֮ϡ


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ַɣǰǴǣʱͲȥˣҴɽл㡣ҶЩص˵뵽˼Ȼܹôҵ˵̿϶ܹҵԲַɡ
ֻҪȵɽɱڵƳĿŰڵһٽھż
ʱ򣬼ٱ׷ɱҶҲаԱˡ
Сĵ㣬򲻹ǵʱӵǣ俤Ψпǲ̼ɵǲȥǵġַҲ֪ԣæѵ
俤ĿǡҶ첻ɵúʵΪΣ㲻˵̺ǿһܹǼɵ
òЩɣϾֿٶǼɵ׹ǺѾʹ׹ҷˣôܼɵһССĿǡ
ٺ٣͹ªˣɲСܹġӳƺţͿԸܵʵҪԶȲŵĴϣҲżĳǿߣ׹ǺպַЦ


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ʦʵɲ⣬޷׽峤߼
ϡҶʦ˵ˣҲ˼
ڴϣ洫ʮǺܾ֮ǰݣʵѾﵽʮ۷ˡ
ƾʽķϿ˵ǰ벽
ȻżѾԽŵĸǿˣʵ׹ڳǿߣѹ̼ɵ
Ҷ쵱µ˵ͷ֪ˣΣգû㣬Ǿʹȥˡ
ãַɵͷ漴ֱ
Ҷ뿪ɽķǰºһ޴ĳǳأֿĿǻҪӴ
ԶԶȥҶޱ𺳡
ǣ׹ʮ󳬼ǳ֮һĴǳء
˵ڴ׹֮׹һڴ˻ɱһͷޡʶɴ˶
Ϊǿɽ߷ǳܶɵĵӶѡö֮ǵķٿ֪
οɽ޵ĳأǵĸڵƤȵƷǳ࣬Ҳܶࡣ
׳۵ĳǳأҶ̾ţ߽ǣӭһɺ嫵Ϣоһ
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ϵĳǳأ˵Ǻʹ׹ͬ䣬֤˴׹ķ£Ǵ׹ʷļ֤ߡ
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ޱңǻǸʲôϽ뿪ɣ
Ǻǣ޶ģڣɽе޾ͱ̤俤벽

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˿ǣҲܰȫҶ΢΢һЦͨ˼飬߽ǡ
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ΪѾⱾ飬ⱾݣȴһֶûС
һ飬˷ԼԼĸ⣬һּûС
ѽã̯λ棬õؼⱾˣȻһ۾ͿˡҶ߽ľ飬Ժǰ;ضҪⱾؼҸŻݼۣۡ
ϰһҶ̯λ飬ʱ۾һҲʲôһƨӿ
ϰ壬ô˵ģһֶûУʲôҶ췭˷ۣһӵ
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̯ʱŷҶõģȻǱôҲ飬һ˿ʧһתϾ˵
С磬ô˵һЩǿؼҪԵġⱾסţҿС츳˵ܹ⿪еյףϴ󷨡


197 
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С磬һˣҾ֪ԺעҪģⱾ㣬ˡ
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ҶҲǰֱæֹͣͣͣҲϻˣⱾˡ
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С壡̯Щģһԣæһƨȥ
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ڴʱԶһЩɧһ˴ż¿ٸԶ󺰵ϴҿǱ飬ǧ
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Թӣôǽ̯ʱɻֲֻõԤС
ΧߣҲؿĪǱ黹Ǻöǿ
˵ϻǱˣٿƷʯٶ࣬ϸóԹߵ
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ˣ
Թԣɫʱһۣ漴Ҷ죬΢һЦݣֵѣԷ壬֪ǱɷתĳĳԸļ۸񡣡

Զڵϣɫˡ
ΧҲѡ
ԼҵԷ壬Ѿ̤ھ磬츳Ⱥϳݡ
ԼҿһĴ壬Էүүڲǰ磬ǵĺ䶯
֮еһλɱһЩɵʵǿˣѹԼܹǡ
ǵۡ
ЩˣɵҶ쵣ˣԷЦӭʶˣ֪һЦ滢
Ҷ˿Ҫ޵ԻͷƳԷһۣĮҡҡͷ
Էʱһ̲ͣסѣҳʮļǮԼҲǴ壬ѸӣԺദ˵ţдŨŨв֮ɫ
ʮ
ոմӵһ˻ʱԵڵأкڵĶҪѪˡ
ΧҲֻǿˣ˭ʶء
뵽ԽǱʲôˣܹԹӳôߵļǮ
ֻǲ֪λ᲻תǲɵÿҶ졣
ǸҺϲǱ飬ٸߵļǮҲҶĮ˵
Էԣɫʱиһ˿׹⣬вصҶ죬ѣãҲҪòУȰ㻹ǽתãҲýѡ
𣿡ҶЦɫԽĮˣ͸Ĺâߵƾ㣿ѡ
˵գҶ첻ˣת׼̤޵
ԷʱȻŭ䳤һڰлһҵĽ⣬㳯Ҷһȥ

Χʱ
䣡Ҷâɣһɫ̫Ҳתһȭȥµʱͬɽһ㣬ƺƵӿ
˲䣬㱻ϣµݺݵسԷϡ
ԷɫʱһףһѪɳȥŵصҶ죬Ȼû뵽Ҷʵôǿ
ΧҲǳ𾪣ǿ֪ԷʵǰҶ쿴Ҳû󣬾ȻԶԷʵʵ𺳡
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Ҷûɱ֣ҲһصĽѵ
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Ǹʲô֪޳𣿸޳ǻòͷ𣿡
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ҶȥЩ˶鼶𣬵ȴɱˣҲҶԷʵ
޳ǳģǳĻӣñǷˡкҶԱߵ˵
Ҷмص˵ͷ漴ӵ죬λȶֵģֻŵĻΧǶ֤
˵۾ϹˣۿǴð𣿡Ϊ׵ĵһĮ˵
ҶԣɫʱһˣǲţѯΧѡ
ĸոպãۿ㶯ִǣû˿֮÷ϻˣʶĿ־ܣɱۡߵ
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˿壬һЦôҪ𣿰ǵĹأϮӣ
ҸߣҶ˵г˺⣬õõĵһҲ壬˻֣ʿȥҶ˼
߰ɣȵʿʱҶ죬ա
ǲԶԹӵ˵ͷŸȥ
Χһ߽̾Ϣҡҡͷһ֪еè塣ԼңǵǶﲻֻܰ̾Ϣ
ߣԼԣСӵųԿɣ
µþףְţ鱻˷ˡ
Է忴ҶȥķһЦǣ뿪޳


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ΨҶһˣϥڴϣѪնİ
ѪħʮѪħԡʮ磬ΨҶ𡭡ҶԺУѪնĿھһѪɫ֮С
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Ҷ˼ԺвݻѪն
ʱţڶ峿֮ʱҶηǰӭһλϤĿˡ
Է塣
ʲôҶؿŶԷ塣
Сӣ齻ң˷ȥΣԷ
ΣҶЦһµʱֲǵȲ
Էɫһ䣬вҪΪֻҪһ¾ܳȥ֪ܲЩˣһġ
˵ţԷ忴Զһˡ
Ҷ˳Ŀȥһηķˣһɫ԰׵ߣһϢǵҶĿ⿴ȥʱǸ߻Ȼ۾һ˵ľʱ
ţҶüͷһкȻһɺ⣬ٴοɫ԰׵ߣɫ΢΢ࡣ


199 ү
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˿̣ŲԶηλɫ԰׵ߣҲڿ˶û˵ǵȴޱȵ
ηȻҶ쿴߿ˣͬʱһϵ˹
ߣҶһջĿ⣬»صľϥ¡
ʱԭǽǵĳžηɫسҶľ˹ӣûиҷ
Ҷȴ۾ضô㻹Ҫ᣿
ǰͷòˡ
æֵ֣С֮ǰ۲ʶ̩ɽˡҪҪ
˵Ҷش
ҸղſԼҵԷ壬ǲǵˣСĵؿҶ졣
˵Ҷߵ
ǡСηþˣ֪һЩϢܶã˵Ǹǰ˵ţָָǸη
Ҷ˳ָȥǸη֮ǰǸӵߵη
ʶǸˣҶ۾һУͻȻЩȤѯʵ˭Լйϵ𣿡
ʶȻʶλǰ˲áһһǿߣ޵УܶԪηʵǿġ
дžη֮ɫ˵˽˳үһɢߣʵȴǷǳ£˵ھ統же֡ԼûʲôϵСĲ²⣬Լҿ϶Ը㡣
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ŶҶԵ˵ͷ漴ЩʵɱˣҪܵʲôͷ
ȻүɱҲʲôöԳүԱﻻȡϧүıﲻɣȻҪѺʮ꣬Ѿǵھˡ
˼ǡԼ׼ñػɣͻΪ˱Լң氵ɱңҶȻ۾һУ˸ĺ⡣
СҲֻǲ²⣬ͿԼĶԹֵֵǳˣϣעһ¡˵
ܺãѪȥҶգӸһѪᣬǼҵġ
Ѫᣡɴ۾һ漴̲סȵĹâæҶллл
ҶȴѾ۾붨ˡ
˷ܻܵǽǣȲؾͷѪᡣ
ûãһƾͻָˣʵҲһ
֮к󸣣˳ϲҰͻƾ֮󣬳һ۲ԶҶ죬моη֮ɫҲим֮ɫи̾ѡ
ηˣĽ֮ɫ

ʱ䣬һת۾͹ȥˣɫԷԼ
СӣǵôһλᣡԷȻؿŴҶ죬Ц
Сӣȵõ飬һҪߺߣԷﰵ뵽ҶĿУ˸
ǣ˰죬η涼û
ţԷ嶨ȥʱŭˣΪҶûȻϥڴϣĿ
Сӣ
ԷɫʱݺݵصҶһۣתȥ
㣡ʱҶ۾ԷıӰɱȻ
ҲƢԼһٶȻҲ۸ֵˣ°⣬һҪҸѵԷ塣

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ţҶ۾붨֮ͻȻоη澲ĵģʲôҲûˡ
١ǽǣȻ
Ҷȥһ֮ɫָָ⣬һɫ԰׵ߣ
ү
գ
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Ҷηˣ˿̶ŵûǽǣһҳ
ߣҶһɱ䣬ʱԼͨ˴ĹԱ׼ڽҹˡ
䣡
үʱһץסţӲĴţһ˲㱻Ƴ飬Ȼɵ˽
ȥɣүҶһۣ漴һԵĳ˺ȵ
˶ʱɴ⣬æүԣ˳ȥ
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ڴʱһʯ£Ҷڵη׷
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һǿƵˣҲѹ֣ûһôɱˡ
˼ң˻ŲףʮܳȥˣûҪΪһʱɣѱǰҶԷ༥ɫĮ
ү۾΢΢һＤЦˣϷ츳ǷûгɳţȻߡҪȰһ䣬ú˷ⲻֵá
˼ңȥҪΪһʱĳ嶯һ۶ˣǲֵáҶ˵
үһ˿ŭ⣬ϾͻָƽؿҶ죬к⼤һݵСӣϣϵĹҲô
ô߳ŭˣְɣ˼ҵķϣȳ֣Ҷһ˵
үڱŭˣһԭһӰȴѾҶǰһȭ
ɱȭҶ˫ⱬ䣬Ѿ׼ɱȭӭȥ۵Ľ⣬ϱη
䣡
ȭײηһǽµľҵ涼һ˿϶Ҫ֪ӲľʯȻǵˡɴ˿ɼǵѾﵽһֿµĵز
ţүͻȻƺһ˺𾪵ؿŶҶ졣
ҶҲЩȵؿŶү
Ȼôǿ
Ȼôǿ
˼ͬʱڣ˵Ļ˵һ
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200 
յη棬һһ٣˱˴ӡ
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գҶʼĽɫâһŨص𣬷·ǽµĴһȣ嫵Ϣ
ҶϵĽɫâүĿ֮иһ˿֮ɫ֮ͬˣȻ֪Ҷʲô⣬Ǿ;Բ򵥡
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Ҷ죬ȴȻһӣ·ʲôƶûܵ
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ȻҶֻվηſڣûжɱ˭˵ҪɱˣҿɲΣñԼҹᡣ
үһ㶣벻гоֵСֵܶлˣģ಻ٰԼˡ
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˳⣬ˣҷҶڵηˡ
ȻҶҲעǣԼһϥľϣ۾᷽ŵս
һܺһƾеǿսҶܵ˲Скܴ
Ȼ˵ʲôܴǿսɷ棬Ҷȴ˺ܴĽ
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ԣֻܿԵˡ

峿ηʯű򿪺һڷ˶ˣһηؿҶڵη
ЩǣҲһ࣬ҶĿг˾η
ôү˰ɣҡûãԷ˽Цݵسүڵηȥ
ȻҶʱϵЦݶʱˣ漴ŵصҶ졣
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ҲҶ˵ɱˣǿƣŵԷ˼ɫ԰ˡ
㡭㡭ҵţԷһ˿֣зǳңָҶһĺˣһ̾ˡ
ߣҶһ»صľϥ
һһţԴӻү֮ҶҲûмԷһˣǸˡ
һµʱܿ͹ȥˣҶԳˡ
СֵܣСԼңһưոݵġ·үηʱҶߴүѡ
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Сֵܣɷ֪֣үȻҶıӰ
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Ҷ졭һҶ죬ֶ˰ҳ֮󣬿СѾ׹ˡүҶıӰ뵽

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͵ؿҶ죬̾һǵһοһ󱲣Ŭɣϣܹ֮ڴ׹濴֡
ʱ䲻̫õģҶ˵ͷš漴ֽ⿪ӡԼþŸСһӳ˷ӡ
ʱһɻԪҶϺƵ
ɫһ䣬ҶıӰ̾ԼӲˣǲ֪ԼģһʲôĹ


201 һ
ǣԼҸۡ
һӶڸλ棬ӹһ˵Ĳˮš
ԷɫؿǰӣѯʵףСѾˣҪô죿
Լҵļ顣
̫ļˣҲ˼ҵĵϸһϲǵˣԼҾҪǣˡ˵
ԷʱŵһǼף˵Ҷ֪ʱǼǱ鰡үү˵ˣǱ鱻־ڸּ˵һϵ似
ˣԺ侲㣬ô嶯ôİѼλý㡣
˰֣漴۾һУСӾȻܹƾͻʵһҪǿ˶һڳⰲźֻ֣Ҫһǣע⣬ҪΣñ˷֣Сһˡ
ǣףԷһϲһ˿Թ뵽ҶһǾˣɵЦ

һߣҶһ֮󣬾ٴ޳
һΣûֹˣҶ߽޵
ڵĿռʮֿһʯ̨ÿһʯ̨棬ڷŸƷ
ҶһɨȥʱͷĶ̯λ˲ֹһȼ
Ȼֻĺöܷ޵ĶһЩڻɫȽҡ
ңڴߣϵΪ
Ҳָ࣬߶˵ĵطûǿʵԺյļȷûʸ
ţ߼ڵҶȻ۾һڲԶһʯ̨棬ʮڼڣЩڵҪġ
Ҫɨˣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦҵĿ꣬ôͿʼһع̯ͨԼҪڵ
ȻҶ֪Լʯδ㹻ȹ弶ڵڵ㹻ˣſʼģơ
Ҷ콫콾̽Ҳˣʯڵ
ΣɰҶۻˣΪ˽ʡʯһЩڵҶЩ̯ƴֱۣĿˮ˵ˡ
һ֮ҶΣƣ۵߳޵ȻһҵĿջס¡

ջһ
Ҷ쿪ʼջ񣬲ǣڵȷкܶࡣѾ弶ڵȫһٿţʣµ߼Ҳһ롣
ڰ˼żڵ͹ˣҶûмڹ
һҾΪ߼ˡҶó弶һٿڵһЦ˷ܡ
Ҷȡ˵ڵʼưڵ
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ﵽ߼֮ҶԼڵԪе𺳣о֮з·һɽһʱᱬ
ҪǣҶӵʮС磬дصǷǳֲ
սʮС硢⡭еĵƽϣҶԼսһǿˡ
ȻҲֻʸսܻܲܣֻеȵʵս֮󣬲֪
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ȥɽˣ˵ڵ㹻ҽΪھżʱҾһǿˡҶտտš
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뿪ǰɽ֮ǰҶȡǱо
ʱһֱæưڵǲⱾ顣
˵ΪⱾ飬ڴһ¡Ҫһǿؼôεǰ
ǿҵ־ⱾؼˣӦһλǿҶ쿴飬һⱾ飬ΪⱾ̺һǿ־
Ҳ˵ⱾˣһλǿǾҶţ־
ԣҶⱾ顣
ȻҲ֪Ȿ鵽ʲôؼƾ־;òοⱾļ۸Ҳ󣬲ʮʯһڵء
ԣˣҶҲ⡣һҪǱôҶ׬ˡ
лһ˿ڴҶ˫ⱬ䣬һɷڵĵ⳯ȥ
ȻϣⱾһӦĵ⣬ʱɢһĿĹԡţһַҶ·һ飬ڰƵġ
ȵеĹâʧ֮Ҷ췢ⱾѾּĸһ족Ҳɼˡ
ȻҲ¶ˣӦһλǿԼǿ־ڸЩֻּΪҪôأҶʱ۾һʼⱾؼ
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Բ磬ڶʱڣʮٶȣʺڽս

Լʱ֮ҶڿⱾؼУβס˷ܺͼ
׬ˣ׬ˣѹԼҵ˲ֶεҪõⱾؼҶϲɫ
һܲ򵥣ڱ¼мأڼǧǰһŵؽײ¡
Ų߲˵ɴ˲߲֮䣬ٶȵһܱȡ
һλǿŲ޵Уų֮µһˣҲֻѪħǿһЩ
Ҷõһ죬ʵ߲ĵһ㲽˵߲еĵһ
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ٶȣ޵еҶսﵽʲô̶ȣ³ԽѪħ⡣
뵽ҶӼˣͬʱҲЩҡ
Ȿ飬ǿߣûнȴѾһ־ţûܹⱾܵġ
Ȼǵȷȱǿߣǿ߻Щ㳡ϵ̯λ
Ȼǲܵģ
ǿҪֱӽ޵Щ̯λѰң̫ˡ
Ҷţ͸ϡˣ׹Ҳһܹҳڶ
ԣⱾһֱûб˷ֱ֣Ҷ֡
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˵ҶҪǳһôⱾܾܿͱԷȥˡ
ǻԵҶ첻ɵЦ֪ΪʲôһܺãѵΪǴԽģ
Ҷҡҡͷһ֣ԼƷսСУȻ뿪˿ջ
ջڣڳԷߣһҶıӰȻһۣæ뿪ˡ
һ˰иҶ죬һһɱȥ飬ƺǳ


202 ɱ
뿪˿ջҶҡڵš
ţиβ͡תһʱҶ۽ƳһȺһֲµӣ͵͵ظ档
ˣҶѾעܾˣ֪ԷڸԼ
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Ҷ찵뵽ɫؼţƵس˳ǡ
ԼңҶҲһϾԷԼһµĴΣ˰
ȻԼûгɹǲҶʹ˰ݡ
Լҵ˴棬Ҷ컹ܿڳɱˡ
ڿԼҵԼˣǾͱˡ
˳ŵĵţҶкһ漴̤ն𣬳ɽķȥ
ûΣôҡڵǰ
ԶǸҲڼ٣ʵ鼶ΪźԶҶ졣
ΪҶ찵һЩٶȡ

Լҡ
ҼӵˣѾ뿪ˣڸһ߶ţԶһͤԷ幧˵
䣡
ԷһʯмŨŨϲãһЦվߣȥСôġ
ǡ˵ڼ߳ɵ
ʲôϵδ˶үүүүүүǿɶھżʮǿߣʮλ߼ҵĳϣѵòһëͷС𣿡Էߵ
Σֻȥ֡
ãԷʮԼҵĸ֣뿪ǡ

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źţСӹȻ׼ɽһɭЦ
塢塢壬ǳֺݵ㣬СѵĻᣬʵӦôͷһӳԼҵļ顣
ģֻҪСӽɽһ·ʱһ֣һɱǡ塱˵
Ե˵ͷεжʮ㣬ϾʮǿߣҲھżǿߣټʮλ߼ҵԼҳϡ
ݣǶԷǰ벽ɡ
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ҲſȥƺӦʲô

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һǾͿһӲԶʷжۿþҪִϿˡ
СӣóһͼԱһϵ꣬ʱ۾һУ˵
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ɱ¾⣬ɱΪУȻûпб֮ԼҵǾƾ洫ɱѾˡ
רѵԼɱɱ֣ǱӹҶɱӦ
ҶҲǴα˲͵Ϯ֣ϧʵ̫ͣɲв
ЩԼҵˣΪǲϧûоרŵѵԶҶӦǵɱ
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бصԼһˣһϬ˫мŨŨɱ⡣
ҶӸ߿գһ磬ɽ֮ľһÿòҡ
һ˲䣬һɹǿϢҶµɽ֮б漴һӰ𣬳ҶϮ
Сӣ׼ɣ
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ǺһˣһʵҲʮһ֣Ҳǳֲ
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ˣҾͲСӻ첻ɣҡҡͷȫԪʹ÷Ĺǿˡ
ȻڴʱеҶȻһЦǹЦݣԼвɵһͻ
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ǵˮʱ򣬾ҲûкȵˣΪǰʵĶѪҺǴ̱ǵѪζӦö޵ѪҺ
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205 Ѫ
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206 ʮ

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˻Ĵ򷨣ǳĲȴЧҶ첻òս㿪һ
غԳûаսҶɱŭ
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ҶޱأһοʼˣչʮС磬ǿغԳսһ
˽ⲫҶʮСԪټϾתսǿڰغԳ·硣
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ǵսǳңѾԳǵע⣬ȴûһԳҽ鿴
Ҷ쵱ͷغԳƴżĴս棬죬Ե۵
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Ҷ캦ºֺ飬ֱغԳŷĵ˿
漴ڳغԳڵһ֣ѪеڵսСУ׼뿪Σ֮ء
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ȻҶ۽ƳѪһѪɫӣȭͷСڵһͨѪɫԵЩ졣
ѪܱЩڵڸסˣҶûע⵽ˡ
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ڶ棬˿ѾΧԳһҶʱ۴Уŭشƺָʲô
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ҶٺһЦôãϾôԳҪɱȥҲһ˵ʱǺͻˡ
գҶҲЩԳķŭָ𣬵һɽȥһӾʧˡ

뿪˴ϿȣҶһ򣬼ٷҹͣ漴ڸһʱɽȻ˽ȥþʯסڡ
ŰڵһƳɹȻʮ
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ʵϣһŰڵҶ磬Ҳò˶ˣ֮ھܴɡ

ʮ˹ⶼڶǿߣĸңܵ𾴣˾η
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еŰڵҶտտ
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ţҶηʣµŰڵһʱ֮ԸԳؽʮ硣
ʱҶ˫õâĿмգǿ
𣡡
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ʮ
Ҷ˫һڵĿֲԪĿг˼˷ܡ
һ̣оԼһλܽնɱˡ
ʵﵽһµĸ߶ȡ


207 ӭս
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ǿϢ˵ʵӦò֮£֪һλǿߣ߰뵽
Լ컪ҲǵԼϮɱҶ֮أ컪ԼӺӵʬ֮󣬱
Ϊ֪ﲻɽڣҲɽĳڣɱĳǽɽô϶Ҳ
ԣ컪á

һߣҶʮ֮ޱ˷ܣХ֮󣬲Űסеļ֮顣
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˷죡
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Ҷһĳһ޴ƣգǲ񷣬ڵɽ顣
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ЩʯҶܻһЩΪıΪﵽʮ۷壬˳Ȼؽ硣
ȵ磬Ҷ컹ɽһΪʱȲϺҲԱˣҲɽΣ
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ܵλϢǺǿ࣬Ҷ첢ûʲôη壬Ŀȥ
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ò˵ϵ컪ֻ˼ϲһЩֶμѾõĳ뻯
ҶѯǰΪסԼȴȻԷ飬ǲҲ޷ԤϵǶԷ̽˱䣬ЩɻԷΪʲô顣
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껰֮컪Ҷ۾һҶĸʱ˱䣬µԷ֡
СӣϷڴ˵ص£նҪǧУԼҶ֮飡컪Ҷеɻȷ־ǰʱһƴĽâƺҪ롣
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ԶԶȥֻһ̫ը۵Ĺâաֲƴеһ㣬ܼٷȥء
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ȻǽֹɱˣԼǴ壬Զش棬ڴ׹ûǿʵȻҪ
Ϊ˸Լǰĸ󻼣컪ƴˣٰҶ쵱󱲣ǽһԼƾеĶ֣ȫˡ
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ǿ߼սֱѣ޶ҽӽ
ҶǿڵϣǽȶԷ˰ɵĵ⣬κβ컪
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˱˴˶ƣȵñֻʣ¸Ես飬ԼԵ似ʽˡ
һ棬Ҷȴռ˾ԵϷ磬ƾžתսǿԼʽķҶڲ֮ء


208 ʮ
䣡
ҶѪֱָ컪ĵ⣬
ܵһɰɱ¾⣬컪ɫ΢΢һ䣬гأǰֻʮΪȴҴ⡣
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컪Ȼʧȥ˳ָ罣âҲӺ嫡ԶԶȥһ޽Ҷ졣
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ʣһѡԱΪܹɱҶ죬ֻϣܹ˵Ҷˡ
ϧעʧˣһ޴̫ͼһҶǰжȥ컪Ա


209 ߷
컪еķԼɢľϢҶͲµҪԱˣ׼س̫ͼжȥ˶ԷԱƻ
⣬ҶڶľתսҲױЩס
һ컪Ա֮ҶسڰУɫĮû˵ֱӳǼȥ
䣡
뿪֮һͷ޴ݳУſգǲ񷣬ն谵
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ʱɽƻɽһ˿ֲڵϢ
ɽߣֲõԤУоҪˡ

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ҶĵĮ̬ȣ˸߷ĺģЦ˵ҶС磬㿴кһҴȥתת
⡭Ҷһ£漴˿һվڶѻɽڵǰһۣ˵ͷðɣһƷ֪ʲôܲļʦҼ¡
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мʦ˵Ը
߷۾һôҶ콻ЦҶСģͼһƷ𣬸õļʦ
лߵˡҶͷ漴ȥ
úһǰ
߷СĵţЩ˵ϣλˣҪæһƷ˼п𣿡
ţҶ쿴߷˹΢΢ЩȣɵòµļʦݷǷЩˡ
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Ҷ쿴Ǹ߷˿漴תͷЦҶС磬ǽȥɣסɶǰ
ҶĳףҶ˵ͷʵø߷ѣѾойɿµϢЩη
֨
Ÿ߷ƿţҶ쿴һλߣڷڵľ֮ϣ˫Ŀ⿴ǡ
Ȼ޷ΪҶɫһ𣬿ǰߵĿ⣬Щˡ


210 ɷԪ
ӷǳªͨ
ȻϥľϵߣȴҶоһ˿ϤϢ·Ƶġ
ϸһҶԿ϶Լʶǰߡ
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Ҷߵʱ򣬶ԷҲڴ
߷һԣһһٻɵЩȡ
۸ڶǿߣҲ벻˼ҵۣѵҶС˲߷뵽жҶеӵĺˡ
š
˷ϼ⣬û뵽ֳһλ콾
ڸ߷˼ʱ򣬶˵ˡ
Ҷ죬ǰǰմ֪СŵӣҶ۾һĿ˲ûԱţԷ֪ŵĵӣе𾪡
һԵĸ߷Ҳȣ׼ߣҶݣû뵽ԷѾ³ˡ
߿˿ЩŵҶ죬΢΢𣬵Цؽţ࣬ΪѣܹоϢ
ϡҶһߣɵúû뵽ϵôƺΪಮˡ
ôĵӣһ˿ɫ
ಮˣʦǳϣҲ̵¡ҶЦ
ǳϡԻȻ漴һ𾪵ĸ߷ڰ֣СѾͷȥɣϷЩҪλСѵ̸̸
ǣϣ
߷Ͱ͵һ񣬾ЩģȴΥǰˡ
˷ţ߷о˸û뵽СӾȻǳϵĵӣȻµ֪ͨס
˵գֱ뿪޵

ڣŸ߷ȥȻһμž
Ҷ쾲ؿǰˣзǳ棬ĬԵˣȻѡ
ϴҶһȻ˵Сӣ֪ʦ
ҶйâһǰߣͻȻЦಮһλʦɣಮڹһֵҩȴûд
Ҷ˿ףΪʲôڸտʱоһϤϢˡ
ʦеϢҶദ˼£Դ˷ǳϤ
⣬ҶʣһλϹŽʦƤԶϢС
ʲʺϴҲѹ㡣츳ʺһ;ʦһʺ㡣΢΢һЦ÷˵ȻԼһλʦ
ȴλϹŽʦ⣬Ҷ쿴ĵڶλʦˣвɵЩ档
ҶûԼ⣬ȡѪ飬ݸϣ˵ಮҵģ֪Ǻϵã
Ѫ֣ϵĿʱҶɫ΢΢һ䣬һϲ֪Ͽ϶ϳЩڴؿ
ɷԪںγɵѪɷ֮Ũ֮أŵɷԪɷ̶ȣӦһĻˡ
һѪ飬漴˵
ɷԪҶɻѯʵಮɷԪʲôô𣿡
ĵģûʲôôҪⶫã
ôܶ࣡ϿҶ죬¶һ˿ЦݣСӵǺûԵǶ棬ʱԪ߶ɱ˵ɷ񣬲ս֮
ŶҶ۾һ漴ǷͰ͵˵ҪǶⶫ²һʦܹõಮ֪ⶫʲôô
СӵеʶЦЦ
ǶһżΨһЩʦܰõҪǶǸҪߵȼʦС
ʦʦһǳϡ٣ߵȼľ͸ˣֻд׹۶ֵȼʦ
ңƾҶڵʵ»ʸ붯ʦְǶ
Ϸղ˵ˣⶫôܹ㣬Ƕ棬ֻеһôϽ˵ﻹôһɷɷʹԼһ¥ǿ޷ֵסɷʴôܿܵɷķɡ
Ҷ۾һǿǶõıԼԵסɷԪɷʴ
뵽ⶫһôҶЩѯϡ
ӣо磬Ҷ죬βſ˵һô¶Сӵ󡣡
ŶҶЩȣղᵽⶫ԰ʱѾַˡ
뵽ϱϾҶĵصȴĽ͡
һҶɫ֪ЩʲôߵϷûв´СһɱˣѾɱ¾ɡ
ҶͷûڣѾûҪԼĵˡλعţҪԼĵ⣬ػ˷죬֪Ҷǿĵӡ
ɷԪһ⣬ٶǰϷصоóһַɷԪɷɱ¾ߣɵɱ¾⡣
СӼȻɱ¾⣬˵ԵϷ԰ʹɱ¾һɾ硣
ЦеؿŶѾޱȼҶ졣
ಮ˵ⶫܹɵɱ¾⣡ҶоԼ嶼ڲʵ˷ܼˡ
ϻ֪ɱ¾Ѿﵽһɰľ磬ŵɷԪЧôɱ¾һͻƵɾ硣
Ҷ˵ˣʦǳϣҲ־ɾ磬ǳϽѾʮˡ
ǰǳϾͽˣٶʱ䣬ǳҲֻǽ־硣
ɴ˿ɼ־ͻƣǷǳļѣûмʮꡢϰ꣬ͻơ
ҲѹҶ˼ˡ

żѵҶ죬Цŵͷ漴Щϧ̾һǧĵɷԪôͿ԰һɵɱ¾⡣
Ҳˣ֪㡣ҶȴǲЦԼѾˣǿ̰ˡ
ܺã֪㣬ߵĸԶǳһͽܡԣһ˿͡
ಮⶫͰˣʲô飬ҪЧ͵ģҶָָɷԪһڴ֮ɫ
ϷȻ˵ˣȻ㣬˵ϷϵĹϵǸļɡЦ
óϵĹϵܺá
Ҷʱϲɫ
Сӣ˵̫磬Ҫɴ£ҪһϣΪƷϺȻ˵
ʲôϾ˵Ҷһ㶣漴æ˵Ǵע⣬Ȼɵɱ¾⣬˵ʲôҲŹôõĻᡣ
Ҫһڵ˵


211 ˲
ڵ
Ҷüͷһһ鷳ȻĻһͷһޣȥҵһͷһޣ
ɽ浹ּޣǺҵõҲҵһͷޣȴּ
֮Ҷڵʵֻǿﵽһ֮ͬ˵޵֣ҪɱޣȴҪһС
СӣڵֻԼȥңϷʱ뿪ǣ԰ﲻ㡣Ͽų˼еҶ죬˵
ಮ˵Цˣһڵµʱ䣬ϸҶⱬ䣬վһ
üͷһؿҶ죬һ˿ȣЦ˵Сʮ𣿺ãϷ͵㼸£ŵɷԪȥɣʲôʱҵڵϷ
ҶûµɷԪ˵ﻹȷಮɣҲûá
ҲãϷ׼׼ȥɣϵͷ֪ҶΣϾɷԪһ˱ˣδػҶ

ϸ֮Ҷûп߷Щɻ󣬲ûж⣬޵йš
ڵҪɽ֡ڴ֮ǰҵȽ硣Ҷа뵽ĿתɨΧʯ̨ѲһƷ
˰죬ҶҲûҵԼõı
ô˵ҶҲһλʮǿߣһЩ⣬Ѿվ˴׹۷ˡ
ּҪһЩΪʵ̫ˣΨһЩƷĵرֹЧ
ϧûֵȼıУҲó
һҶ쿴˸߷ҴҶһ¶ȻЦݣЦ˵ҶС磬иۻᣬ
˵գ߷ݹһ̽

ҶӹƳһۣɵþȣΪۻĵص㣬Ȼǳ
Īǳĳλľۻ᣿
Ҷü̫ϲμʲôۻᣬϾ俤Ҳʶʲôˡο׼Ͼͱչȡ
ƺҶĲϲ߷Щص˵ҶС磬ۻ˵ľۻᣬʱǵ꿡ܲμӣ俤һЩ۷ֶᵽν俤һʢ£뵽ʱȤġ
һʢ£
Ҷ۾һôһ˵ЩȤˡ
俤ֿҪֿ˷졢ϼӵ˾콾֪俤һЩ֡
Ҷһ׶ĿǴ׹ɲͬǰǰֻŵӵ棬ȴ׹ǿߵĽ
俤Ǵ׹ǰĴ󿤣һǿߣҲϵľǰʶһ£Ҷ˽ڴ׹һǿߵˮƽ
գҶ˵ͷ˵һ׼ʱԼġ
߷¶Цݡ
ú󣬼ʦеڵһʮǧİʮڵֵܼʯ
һʾ޿Ҫ֪Ҷ콾ǰ̽Ҳǧʯѡ
ʯѾܹһѺõˣһ׸߼似
Ҷ죬ЩʯҲɵøе˷ܡ
߷ЦؿҶһۣҶС磬㿴ôʯҪﹺʲôҴţ޵ֻ벻Ķû򲻵ı
𣿡ҶһȻЦߵҪһЩڼΪıУ
ˣ߷ĵҪʲôõˡ
߷ЩɣΪıǳ󣬱˵û˻Ҳϱˣֱǳ֣Ժϡ١
ңΪıֵܸߣһЩд󱳾౦Ҳʯ˷棬Լء
΢΢ƳһЩڴҶ죬߷ɻҶͱڼѾ˲õš
ţ϶רо־ȡԼ־ûҪںΪٶȶǳ졣
ô
Ÿ߷ٳٲ˵Ҷ¶һ˿ϷʵЦݣԭ޵ҲܵģҲգҶĳȸˡ
˵գҶתȥ
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Ҷͷʱ߷ҧؿƺھʲôɫԥβҧҪı޵ȷУ۸ܸߡ
߷Ȼ뵽Ҷոڵ׬ʯ۸˵Ҳܳܵסתڵ᲻ʯ
ʯҪֻҪ⣬㻨ʯҲ⣡Ҷ۾һں˵
û뵽ֻ̽һ£ȻֱҶ첻ɵڴ
ȻˣǾ͸ɣʶһ£ʲôıԺ󻹸С޵߷Ժһǰ·
Щĸ߷ҶЦЦ档

ûãҶŸ߷һ뷿
ΧŮҵװ磬ŵһ㣬ҶЦأڲԶ䵹ĸ߷˵˵ǱﲻԼİɣ
ϻ㵱ܹڼΪıﶼǴײ˰˼ҲԼţôó߷ͷһۡ
ҶʱȻѹ޵ûпЩҲԣǿߺٳ£ڼѾһǿˡ
ԣܹǿΪı˭ˡֻ²ԼǿʵԼĺˣ˻óġ
뵽Ҷ첻мؿ߷ֵлߵˡ
֪߷˲ȱʯⱦΪ˸Լʵģȴ
л̫磬ⶫɲˡ߷˿ѾһҶ߶ʱˣЩȲҪС
߷ļӣɵһЦ»У¶ıӡ
Ҷɴ۾ϸȥھ棬һСֱ۴С˲ΣǴһһ¶һɻʱˬ
߷Ͼ͹УЦؿˮҶ죬ôһ˲ΣЧΣӦ
ȻߵҪʯҶȲʵ
˲ͨǷãƳɵҩΪĴǼ˲Σǧģ˲ȴǷǳϡ١
ǧ˲ΣҶּߣѾܹһЩΪˣο˲Ρ
Ҷھ˲ΣȻȥҪһ£ܽˡ
һҶ쿴ĸ߷һָ²һʯ
ⲻԾ˲ηǳҲҪʯѵ߷ʶ
Ҷ漴ҡҡͷ߷ƹ޵ˣƽıҪö࣬ôܲʶ
ֻҪһʯ
Ҷгɻʱ߷˵һҶĿɿڴĻ


212 ܸ
һʯ
߷ĻҶһ£ŷӦҡҡͷôУߵǲҪЦˣҶĳҲǿѡ
ҶСˣûпЦֻҪһʯ߷ȻһЦ漴ͽеݸҶ졣
ŽǰУҶüͷһ£߷˵գߵôʲôҪҶĳæ
ҶСȻ߷¶ĵЦݣĻһһɢȻϢվҶǰоһɻȡ
Ҷ첻غһ£ɫָĮߵ˲˵ܼ飬Ҷĳ԰㡣ҶĳΧô˲㻹ûȥɡ
߷һЦĵؿҶһۣЦ˵ʵ˵׾٣ܻ֮˵һЩˡ
ߵҪˣֱ˵ɣҶֱӴĻ
߷ҶһۣЩغߵðɣҾֱӸ㡣Ҳ֪ƯŮˣ϶ٲƨ档ᣬЩƨ涼ϣ㵽ʱٰҵˣҴ򷢵Щˣôװɣ
˵գ߷ҶƤؼ˼۾
ҶȻû뵽߷飬ǹѪ߷ӣȷٲ˸ƨ档
£ҶƬ̣β̧ͷҧҧãҴӦˡ˵ף᲻˲ΣҪһɫˡ
ιιιʲô飿ٰ˺Ϊ֪֪׷꿡ܣԴֱŵǳţǱˡҶһΪѵӣ߷СĹĵģ
̭Ҷѡӡ
úҶ뿪޵һҿջס
ⶫҪǽϣӦܹƳƷҩϧֻˡУҶʮ֮һ˲ΣȻ븹Уʱһɹȵĺڱ˲侫һ
û˲ΣⶫҪһ£Ҿܽˡ
ϥľϣҶܵڵĿֲжʱһϲ˲̺ԶæѪħ䣬ȫ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҷڵɫ꣬Ҳȫ˲ε
һ˲䣬Ҷоڻ¯֮Уȫģޱȡ
ֻʮ֮һȻ̺ôֲҶ찵ľ˲εҩЧǿֲҿԤϣֻǷʮ֮һȻûԱˡ
żСʱҶźһЩоԼΪȷ࣬¸ˡ
ʱ䡣
ת۱ȥˡ
Ҷڽʮ֮һ˲Ϊʮڣﵽʮڣٶȿƿֲ
Ҫȫ˲ΣֻҪһ͹ҽˡҶ찵뵽ûмǵûĻҪٰ߷ˣμڳٰľۻᡣ

뵽ԼȻҪôѪ飬Ҷ찵Ц˲ôǿЧҲֻŮˡ

뿪˿ջҶҴҵĽֵĴɽ˺Ǵǳأǻ֡
ǵλãҶȻûȥȴҲϵ·
ףǰλʦܣȵңȻһֿ
Ҷתͷһ󺺴Ҵϲؿ
ף洫ӣҶ쿴ϵɫǳۣʱͫһɵñȭҶ죬λʦָմ
Ҷʱǳȣû뵽һλŵ洫ӣԵֲǳ
ǺǣԭҶʦܣҽܸա󺺣ҲܸգҶһЦˬ֮ɫһ;ðġ
ʦ֣Ҷ˵ͷ˸һתȴǲʶˣзǳɻ
ΪҶ쿴óܸѾа벽Ϊˣʵŵ洫ӵУҲǶŽǰɡ
ȻһλǿߣҶȴû֣˵治֡
Ҷ֣ܸմʱҲǳ֣Ϊ˺ˬֱʵҶʦܣҿΪѾﵽʮˣôŵӣ
ǿҶ촩ɫǳۣ֪ԷԼͬʦܵģ߽һȴҶΪӽˣ´󲻽⡣
ʦ֪Ҷĳ뿪ŵʱ򣬻ֻһλŵӡҶЦ
ҶʦҲ˲ˡܸնʱ̾Ѿ뿪ʮˣһҲ׼չسġ
Ҷ뿪ʱûнڣȴʮˣôû߰Ŀޣǲܴﵽġ
Ҷ֪ܸմ˿룬»
ҶҲҡͷһ£ѯʵʦ֣Ҳɽ𣿡
ǵǣڴ׹Աߵļλ׼չس硣·ʱҽӵһѵҲμӳٰһۻᣬԱڴͣ˼졣ܸҡͷ
ۻᣬʦ˵ľۻ𣿡ҶȻ
ôҶʦҲμӣԵ֣һȥɡܸնʱЦ
ԵˣҶЦЦˬĴ󺺣кøУ˸ĸоǾǹ䣬˲ԾҪ׽
һ·ϣ˴˽飬һЩȤţһϤĳֵˡ
ʱ򣬷Ѿۼ˲Ⱥʱػ꿡ܽ븮ڣʮ֡
Ҷܸճʾ֮ڳӴ߹˵λ
룡
Ҷ룡
Ҷܸղ
һλŮһԺڣﾰɫﻨΧһʯʯΣѾв꿡ڴ˽ˡ
Ҷͫ΢΢һЩ꿡ܶڼǿߣЩŮ⣬ûһµΪ
֣ˣǺõȰ
ҶԺ꿡ʱһˬʵЦ
Զ꿡˹ܸձȭҶ죬ֱӱǸˡ
ϾҶ촩ŵ·˲֪ʵȻ
ܸȴûæ֣ǼֵܵҶ죬һҲŵĵӣʶʶ
ҶֵܣλѽƣһһǿߣһǴ׹ϵָܸŶΪ׵һҶ˵
ԣҶϸһƣ޳ģǳţһΪӦϢܹܸտأȻǿߣ²С˱ȭ
֣Сܻ֮أôܣǺ𡣡ƣһЦ漴Ҷ챧˱ȭҶֵܣˡ
һҲԶҶŵŵӣǰصܸϣѸֵؽ̸
ҶоȤԺת


213 ߷
ԺӺܴҶйţ꿡ܣһΪǲҪǶᣬС
ȺˣҶĪļоԼôµԭ磬кܶһš
ҶѹҲжһš
ԺһΧŸ̨ͤ¥Ҷ췢Щͤ꿡ܣΪǲʵ͵Ҳ߼
쿴ƮѩŵŮˣ俤һλŮӰһˣȫĶ֡
ǱѩŮףŮһǸе˭û˵俤λܣñѩŮķİ
С˵еЩӡ󣬺Ե۶ϵǿߣ
ȻΧһ
Ҷо棬˳˵ĿȥԶһŮŮһѩʱ䣬һɽ˲ҽӽ
Աߵӣģţ΢΢𣬴һ˿ааЦݡżɨΧȺһ˿м֮ɫ
Ҷ΢΢Ȼ˵ʵ޷͸ֶΪʵ
ѩŮƮѩһǿĵӣǰս俤ʮλǿߣһܼν俤Χ˵ۡ
Ʈѩţ
Ҷԣɫ΢΢أڱ¼棬ƮѩŵĽܡ˵俤󳬼֮һǳӴ󣬲֮¡
俤󳬼ɣֱɷźš

Զһ֮ͤУһߴ꣬սףһ޴صڷЦƲ
˵ĸоһ޷壬޷ʵǣҿһ۶оļ£̫޵ĸо
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ѩṲֿ̊Цüͷʱ΢΢Ƴһͤе꣬һһͤȥ
Աߵɫؿһۣͤе꣬һ˿Ц
һǿߣҶصؿͤбص꣬ܵһ˿вʵӦ÷ǳ¡
úҶΧȺĵ֮У֪ݡ
ƾһɷǿĵӣ˵Ѿ磬俤һǿߡ
ɷźƮѩŲͣ治ϣҲѹַλѩŮûкɫ
˶Դ˼ֲ֣俤һɷźƮѩŵĵȻҪһսҲǽ⣬Ѿˡ
˵˻ǷǳڴѩŮƾһսϾǶ˶俤һ۷
ңҰ㣡
ңǩ
ūˣң硣

ȻȺбһƬ·ɽһŵҶһ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻԺſڴվһλλ֦չŮӡǴʱһͨ죬Цſһӻ֡
һĻҶ챩о·صǰЩԲз۶ݳϵǻһ
˵ӵȷһŵƣҶ춼
ҶԼòҲϵˣôҲһ˧磬Ǻʹһȴǲ˺ܶࡣ
ӳʵ̫ˣƤŮ˻Ҫۣ㿡ŵݣΧŮһƬ
ʵ֪ôڳһ꿡ߵģһ·߶ŸָŮΧ꿡ۺ첻ѡ
ңŪɧˣͻᴵӣ𣡡Χ˵
Ҷ첻תͷҲ֪˵һˣ򲻻ôʡ
Ƭ֮ͨΧ˵ۣҶ֪ңݣȻ俤󳬼֮һŵĴˡ
˾ͨɣΪҲǲһֵԵ俤ǧŮŮĿеˡ
󳬼ɵ˶ˣ
Ҷ찵ľһǵľۻᣬôǿߣмɵѡ
ڵ۶ֻɡ
Ҷʱе죬ˣ׹ǿ߻кܶ࣬ܽ
ֹһʱԺ꿡ܲ඼ˣһȥѹѹһƬ֮ࡣ
Щ˼俤һ۷һȺˡ
ҶʦܣȻһϤ
ҶȥԶһ֮ͤУܸ֣ƺڽȥ
ȻҶ׼ȥʱһϤӺ洫
λ߷ˣ
ϤһЦһٸҡҷˣΧһɫĿ
ߵҶͷȥɫӡ
ʱ򣬸߷ҲҶ죬һЦֱӾͳȻĿɿڴĿУҶĸ첲һǰȥ
˲䣬ҶܵһϬĿ⼤ɱ˵Ļô˿Ѿһ鶼ֹˡ
ΧЩ꿡ǼʵҶֲõԤУ˷в鷳ˡ
Ҷ찵Ц
һ̣ҶĿĽ㣬ǱѩŮƾң˹ܸգԼߵƵˣĿɿڴš
߷򵥰Ҷ첻ɵӣֻƾò߷ڳע⡣ΪҲߣھ綼ûдﵽΨһĿܣǾݺܸߡ
ôȻѾӦ˸߷ٰˣҶھֻˡ
Ҷֵ͵Ȼľۻ˵Ѿٱֵ͵
λ˧Ůľۻܼ򵥣Ժ֣һֻ˵ľۻᣬںʲôλҪʫԣд裬Ҳ⣬߷Ⱦһ
Ҷĸ첲ߵһ֮ͤУȻ߷һƣڳһ꿡ʾ⡣
߽룡
߽룡

һ꿡ƺʶ߷Ҷʶõλʦ֣ҲƱʾ⡣
Ҷ״Ŀɿڴ߷ôһǳѵ
߷òǵĳҲոߣѲɡҶͻȻҿ鶹ײڲ׸߷ݡ
ѹָ߷ܹ޵ѹٰһܹ俤꿡ܶμӣԭǳǧ

ȻһХԺ洫ڳ꿡ܣ˲ؿȥ
Ժſڣһΰ׳˶ĺ󲽶ҷ磬üëܺһ˫ڵӣĹâ
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ɫĮָָ߷ߵҶ죬ȻָָһԵĿյأһս
Ҷʱʲôս𣿿ʶǰ갡
Ҷ΢΢һԵĸ߷ȴǷС椴˿̵ЩӣŶĺꡣ
кϷˣΧ˵ۣҶĿ⣬Щֻ
ܸ¶ǵɫƽ̸ȴЦҡҡͷ
һս
Ҷû˵ٶһ񣬿ʼһ˿ŭ⡣
ҶҲŭˣҲƢԷȻûʲôʢˣҲûа
䣡
Ҷ̤ǰһǿϢϯ


214 һ
һƬյϣҶͺ껥Գ֡
ܵҶǿƣͫһɫ΢΢
ҽ˵ˣָŲԶĸ߷Ҷ˵Ӯңӵ򣬴뿪
Զĸ߷ԣϲǳա
ΧֻҲԽԽࡣ
ٺ٣˵ϲС㣬ϧұףֻһδδЩ׷С꿡ܣ֪СӣҪùˡȺ֮УЦ
ʮΪһУʵƣڶҲ˶Ҷ챧ͬĿ⡣
һͤУܸǣȻʶҶ첻ã˫Ͼͬţ϶ҪӦҶкøС
һԵƼ״οַģ֪ҶСֵܣ˵ģαϾǸСٰľۻᡣ
ʵҪǿҶ̫ˣ˫ȫһȼ棬Ҷ컹׾١
ܸȴ֪ҶͬʮΪҡͷЦܣĳҪҶֵܣҲҪһ֣СҶֵˡ
ܸղǰ׳գƵԼǰöҶżȻӣȻóԷСҶ졣
ȻҲΪҶڸԼΪ֪ʮΪ˭ҲС
⡪ܸյĻһԵƶʱˣ֪ܸǲῪЦġҶ촩ŵŵӷΣΪܸմҶ󱲡ʶء
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ܸմ˿̵Ҳ֮ɫҡͷ֣֪Ҹջص׹ã˵Ҷʦǵһʶ
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۷׷ףⳡսǶĿһ¡ΪǷҶ죬Ƶһ۷ˡǿսȻעĿ
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Ҳкܶ˺ҶϾﲻֿҶ俤һ㶼ûС
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ףСӣҪùˣǵĴһİĹȵ۾漴¶ֻЦݡ
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˵ȻҶ죬Ҷ촩ŵӵķΣʵǿҲܴﵽʮϵҶô̬ʵȫ
߷һƣǳĻͳ죬С޸ĸǱġСǶ˱÷Ȼվ顣
һֱԼ䲻ϸ߷߷ס߷ϾŮң֪ϲҲܷס
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ʮֻ޴Ԫƣգǲ񷣬ǿֲƣʱ˾ѡ


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ԶıѩŮƾңλԵ۶ӣԼܸաƵˣͫһ𾪡
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߽֡㣬ĳҲˣƿ˿ܸյıӰ̾˿Ÿ߷˹֣żȥ
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£û׼ãûϵ߾߰ɣھˡ߷ҡҡͷ漴ؿ
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ɵƣҲʲôط͸Ұ

Ⱥߣ꿡ܶŭȲѣЩսˣҲ׷ŭ
ΪܵĻѾֹЩ꿡ܣ俤ˡ
Ϊ俤һԱ˭ܲŭ
ܣ̫ˡѩŮɫѿվΪǸһһ¿ǰǣˡ
ܸںмɨΧȺһۣ漴ЦŶˣ俤һǿߣǾǱѩŮѩãһص۶ɣЩдһ𣬳ҲȾˡ
٬һҲΧЩ꿡ܷУǿ俤꿡ܵ˼
ѩŮͨ죬ƺڼɵʲôһٶԡ
̫ˣ̲סˣһڣһ꿡޷ܵĳһһֱܡ
Ȼ³çʵȴѾﵽھżһ꿡ܵҲڶˡ
Χ˿˳֣ʱ׷׺Ȳʡ
ңѾھżǽǿߡ
֣϶ܹԴġ
ͻȻΧȺһеɴ۾գһȻҲ˵һ仰
𣿡
Уƥһָֻ㽫סмһЦھżӶûۣһѡ
˵գָᵯһɿֲ˳ŽҺȥ
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ͫһӦ㱻һɽһĿɳȥڰУѪڵϣֱӻ˹ȥ
ʱһƬš
Ȼڳ꿡ǿģҲȻܵô죬ܵôңܵôס
ȫһȼ档
Сɣ˱ѩŮ⣬ǿӦܹҼС֮ҲûһۣǽĿתԶһͤеңһ˿ʡ


216 
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ΧһƬţû˻ϵңкϷˣһЩ̲ס¶ڴ֮ɫ
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۶˽ܵ飬ֵʵҸʰ·磬ĳֻһңΣָ㡣ң˵գйâһһ֧ӡ
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ǵԽԽÿ춼ߴ俤ظڵһջѾΪ

ڳһͨĿջ֮ڣһҶ츻неĺţǰУֻʣһ˲Ρ
һ˲Σ˵϶Ҷˡ
Ѫħű䣬ֻأʮ磬Ψ𡭡ϥľ棬Ҷ۾תѪħ䣬ȫǰ˲εҩƿ
⽫һµʱڣҶΪٱǣѾĹͷʮ۷塣
˲εĿֲҩڴڼ䷢˾޴ãһɺҶڵоѨϴˢһ顣
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ʱҶյ˫ĿڵһĿ⣬ޱȡ
䣡
㱼䣬һֱҶǰһǽˣһɳҵĹâҫҶ첻۾һƬ硣
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217 ֮ս
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֪ƨǲ֪жȥսΧǳأߣϳŵϿգǺѹѹһƬ

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һʼҶ쿪û⣬ϸղǼ󺺵Ļ²һֿܡ
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218 ޱ
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ãͷ޳ƾ˹ȥǽϵһ꿡ɫ䡣
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220 һս
ǽϣؿҶȥƾΧޣҲҶɱ
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223 
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ۺͽߺͺס޷ȥ
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ɱ
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Ҷ춼оԼڵѪҺˣսеѪһͷޣ߼Ҳս
Ȥ
Ҷ첻֪һ̣ȵؿҶһۣ¶һ˿ɫ
ЩԮĵһռϷ磬תս֣Ⱥĳʼ˷
ڸӦĵʱ׼ˣȴͶȥһ˽ɫĳǹһֻ޴ĳ򶴴ض˵ϡ

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Ƭ֮ڸ۵İ֮£뽫սĺҲɱˡ
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֪ΪʲôҶָо·εޱңƺ֮С
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ңǵЩҲû֮ɱȥΪѾǾӵˣߣౣǣûҪʲôսд׹ҵ
ҶʦܣҾҪˣҪҪһȥʱܸչҶ˵
ܸѾܾûлˣǱޱҵˣͻֿȥˡ
ҶʱûлȥĴ㣬ҡҡͷʦ֣俤Щ飬ʱ²ܻȥ
ǺãصţٴһܸղЦҲֻʶѡ
ãҶЦŵͷ
֮ػǵ˽Ҷȥ
ҶȻЩɻ󣬵ǹȥˣô˵ҲǵĴδһ£˫ҲЩ顣
ǰңҶ칧һ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ǴһҶ죬Ȼ¶Цݣ͵αֵķǳãͳǳ㡣
ŶҶЩ𾪣Ҫ˵ЩϾΰǲٵæ
ǵǿߣȻҲܿʱҶоܳ
סʱ䲻Ҫ뿪ǣͳǻᰴǹ͵ĴСʹ͵ġѵ
Ҷ˵ͷҪõɷԪ⣬Ȼô뿪ǡ


225 
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ϻ۾Ŀ⣬ǰҶ죬β¶һ˿οСӣҪޱңϷ򻹲֪ʵǿ󡣡
ಮˡҶٺһЦǷǳǫ顣
ѹϻὫڵڸ㣬츳кܴĻᡣ϶Ҷ죬ٴ׳һըԵĻ
ţಮô֪ڵҶԣʱɴ۾Щ˼顣˵Ϊⵤҩ칦ܣԶҴȥ
ڵҺһƳɹģϷȻ֪ǺǣСӣǵһаڵϵеߣǵƵȷɹˣûһ㸱áϺǺЦ
ҶʱȻ
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ҶȻɴ۾ɫǳѿضϣһⲻ˵ǰڵĹЧûȫ֤ǳ˰󣬱ʵˡ
Ҷʱڣкݺһϡ

Զ֮ţϺȻһ磬ӣ¶ɻ֮ɫĸϼһڵ𣿡
Ҳ֪ҶСôˣ
Ըҵİڵá
ֹƬ̣ٴγչ֮С

ಮˡ
ϥľϣҶ콫ǿڵݸϡ
ϵ˵ͷɫ¼סۿκζҪܣǶǻþ
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ʱҶоΧû࣬ڿš
֮Ҷ޷Ӧһ˿ˣжʱЩ档ϵһֱڽԼľ״̬ﵽ۷塣
ʱȡɷԪҶ췢ŵɷԪ͵õʱͬһЩɫɫͷ
ɷԪƯҶͷͶһѪɫѪɫ֣Ҷ˶С
Ҷʱ鲻Խر۾
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׼
ȻһȣеǿڵʱΪһѪ⣬Ͷˮ档
һ̣Ͽˮ渡һѤĻ棬Щĳ𶯡

ޱߵĴأ嫵Ĺȣһͷͷ˰޵Ĺ˼Űϣ߲Ѫ׹
֮ϣһͷžŸԴιɢſֲϢľѪ³նˡ
һ̣Ҷоĩշ·١
ͻȻһϵȣ֮
Ҷ쿴һΰӰԶ̤ûһضһܵһɽ嶼ˣ·޷Ϣ
𣡡
һɫ۵ӣݿҶֻſͣһ𣬴ء
¡¡
ֲʱҶ˹ȥԺеЩĿĵĻ棬ʱʧˡ
ղǻþҶ𾪣оղŵһ̫ʵˣʵڶǵ
ףҵɱ¾ڼ
ȻҶӦԼĵ࣬ʱ˷ŵǶλ棬ǽ񣬸ɱ¾⡣
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ڴʱϣ͵һѪɫʱ԰ࡣ
̡ôһ塭û뵽Ȼⴴȴ¶˷ܼЦݡ
СӣϷٰһѡͨģϷԳϺȻٴһھѪھѪ漴䵽ˮ棬ʹˮ򱬷˳ҵĹâ
һƬ
㱼䣬һɫǳ۵꣬վڲ֮ϣմһɿֲĵ⣬ضɱķ顣
ʱ͵תĿ⣬ƺԽʱĺϡ
϶ʱоһ䣬ĵ׺ֱð
⡭ǡȻϵɫ䣬еˮͫ׽
ܵ͡ҵشҲֲסһӻ˹ȥ
ˮĹâʱʧָƽ
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΢΢ӦһԼĵ⣬Ҷ϶ʱ¶˷ܵЦݣڿ赹ȥʱЦݶʱˡ
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ϵüͷü漴ϵ۾
ಮôǻѪҺҶɻ
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ಮҡҶжΪ˰⣬ҲŪӡ
£ȳȥ뿪ǣ뿪俤ϽҶƿȻƺЩˣҶƵ⣬Ȼ㽫Ž
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Ī
Ҷҡҡͷ漴ӹ˵ಮˣԺʲôԸ˵ҡ
˵գҶתȥлŨŨɻϸղŵôˣѵǺЩþйأ
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Ҷ쿴ûпһۣӵش߿ֱ뿪޵
Ҷ죬㡭߷ʱŭƺ뵽ʲôε̾˿
֪ϴε֮֮Ҳûʲôˡ
߷ûʲô⣬ڿޱʱҶչֳǿʵ֪ԼеһλǱˡ
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߷ҶıӰҡͷһ̾תȥ

޵Ҷ˴һ£֪Լʱ䣬Ѿȥʮ졣
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뿪޳߹һֵֽҶܸڵĿջȴܸѾȥˣֻƻ
Ҷ֣ˡЦӭԱ߻мλ꿡ܣҲغҶ
ޱңҶһսټĴ壬úܶ俤꿡ܶϣ俤û˭ҹҶ졣
ңҶƾо֮ƾ俤˭Ĳͷˣû˸ҵҶ졣
֡Ҷ쳯Ǳ˱ȭһ֮һӣ
󣬴Ƶ˵ĿУҶ֪ʮ췢飬˵ɽеսǳңһʱز
ݳ˳ı⣬һЩޱбֽܳǿ߽ѡһ
ܸõ֮󣬱ͣ뿪ǣֿ
꿡ܣѩŮƾˣҲѡ˱뿪ǣ˵ǰ۶ˡ
һҪʼˣ꿡ܶ۶̽̽ףԱ׼ҵȹ죬ҲҪǰ۶ˡ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ׹ʢ£Щ꿡ܣûһԸ


226 
Ƶһ̸֮Ҷһҿջס£ջϰϳҶ죬Ǯ͸׼һϷ
ʵϣڰǰޱʱ˶ҶսȺƣǣûж˻᲻ʶҶġ
ҶǣǼˣĴ˲֪
ʱ䣬ҶڿջкúһԼΪϸһɰɱ¾⣬Լľӵȶ
¹ȥҶ쾫ȵسˣһΪȻûӶ٣Ǿȴ֮ǰȹˣʯ
ڿջгһͣ˳Χǵ̸ۣҶõ˲õϢ
ǴɽѾһµʱˣʱڣʱشɽݱ߼ޱľɱĶͷ
ɽǳױˣʣޣµģвǺ俤ˡ
ֹ˰ºĴڴɽʦسˣûͣãֱӴŴȥ
ۻص󣬱˸Ҷ˵ҪޱʱΪĹס
֪õʲôҶͨĽֵϣгڴô˵Ҳһλ˼ǿߣı϶
Ҷ컹ȻôãΪ˵ȴ۵ʹ͡
Ҷ֪Щ꿡ܶõ˲СĺôޱĹ׷ǳ󣬿»õĽӷ
ڴҶܿ˳ŵƺ͵õϢһҶæظ·
һĴҶһοǵĳۣǿˣ˿Ҳĵɵ̧ͷĿɨӶ
ҶʱоһɳصѹȸУѹȸϾʧˣȻǸصԼϢ
Ҷ죬ˡŸɲϢҶȻæһ
ض񣡡΢˰֣¶΢Ц֮ɫ漴
һҼ˷죬Ϊǿĵӣڿֻǿ
ϸһҶ죬͵˵
˹ˣҶǫȴǳ˷ܣⲻøǿߵͣΪڶԷѾ˷졣
ţǫǺܺãʱ򣬻ǵ÷â¶ۿҶ죬˵ͷȻ˼˵ҶСѣ˵Ǵʱ򣬿һѷߣս˴׹һǿߣΪսˡ
ŶҶʱȣû뵽ʱôսǳϡ
΢ͣһ£ۼ˵ҵĸоһǸϼһһ㶼ˡ˵ʱҾͿʼעˡԼƽΣٵڳ㣬㶼ûг嶯û˵Ѫѡ̣ȻѡڳԼĸ֡
ôȻܺãҲδߵ·ƽ̹һЩҾã˾ӦѪƴҪ㣬ʲôǵĹأֱӰԼСӱһ٣޵Ǹһ١ŵĴڣֻҪ㲻ɱˣ˵ңҲô
۵ĻҶ˶ˣû뵽ԷһȻ˵Ļ
ϸһ룬˵Ҳȷԡ
ֻҶΪˣȻǰʱҲˣҲʮˡ
ԣҶʲô飬ǵϸϸȴǹƴͳ嶯Ѫ
嶯ƴѪҶ˳˼׸Ϊʲô˵ЩԷô˼ǿߣ˵Щ϶Ƕʲô㡣
ûҶеĺ˼룬˵֮ͻȻâһ̴ӡ
Ľһ˴͸ġ۽̴ӵݸҶ졣
Ҷʱеĺ˼룬ؽӹӣв²⣬浽ʲô
ˣȥɣһһǰ۶ۿʱҪʧ۰˰֣Ц
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ˡ
ȤСӣϣܹ͸ǿߣҪһǰٶıƣھԵǰǲ԰ġ
ۿҶıӰ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôԼҶ˵ô໰ʲôڴ

ӵװʲô
Ȼ˶һӦúܲɣ
ջҶ콫ӷ棬ڴ֮ɫ
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˲ˣǺñҶʱ۾ˣ˷ܺͼ磬ÿһΪǷǳѵģ⿿֪Ҫȵ²һΪ
꼸˲Σȴǿ԰ҶʡĿޣΪǿ١
ʲô
ò״С˲ΣҶʼ򿪸͵һӡ
źӱһǣһѪϹҶ۾ǸܵһɿֲϢӺӡ
ʱҶоԼ嶼Ķ·һͷֲ̫žһ
⡭Ҷ쿴źһӤȭͷСѪɫԲ飬ľ
ÿֲϢеϤˣȻҶ۾һĿǽźѪɫԲ飬˵ѲǰߵľѪ
뵽ͷֲİߣҶԽ϶ѪɫԲǰߵľѪΪֲֿϢǳơ
˼ޣһξѪ̺ǳֲܹ꼸˲ΣӦܹһ𣬴ﵽҶβס˷ܹâ˶ޱȼˡ
磬ҪһΪȵ컹ҪѣҶû뵽͵ô޲ޱٷһˡ
ٿ͵ĺӣ֪ʲôСȻȤ˲κ;Ѫ֮ҶȲشһӡ
ӷǳͨûʲôâֻ֣һӵ鼮ڷšķ棬ѾϾɣɢһɲɣϢ
һ飿
һ飿

Ҷʱһ£һоǱˣˣϸһ룬԰ʲôݣôˣ
ⱾЩƾɵ鼮ҶȥĻҳʱЩģּǰ
תս壬㣡
⼸ֵʱҶ˶˫֮Уõâ


227 ȥ
ȻǾתս㣡
Ҷг˷ܵĹâǵȫѹΪӼѵ£ҲֻһЩǿ似ܼǿʵתս㣬Ҫһ似
ҶѾתսڶԲ磬㣬ô統жǷǳµģս
ҶҲ֪תսһһѣҪ㣬²ô׵ġ
£Ҷ췭Ȿϵ鼮ϸ
ʱһƬµӳɬѶǰĻڣҶԼЩݲ⡣
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Ҫ㣬ȻҪɫ츳УҶһ֣¶֮ɫ
ľתս壬ǰ˱עһЩ֤ƺҪӵɫ츳ɹ
׹Ҳδܹҵһӵɫ츳ŰɣҶƵؽⱾ
ȻѾӵɫ꣬Ҫɫɫ꣬ʵ̫ˡ
ߵʵԽԽǿÿһΪǳѡ
ͬȼҲˣͼ꣬ƾҶʣͨɱ˵꣬ǿԼꡣ
ڣҶ꣬Ѿﵽɫ꼶
ȻϡҶ֮꣬ܿܿУѾڵλˡ˵ʮ˹гҶˣָ
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ơƾ˷ЩţҲֻɫ𣬶ҪͨɫĻôҶҪɼٸС
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УҶܹɱ
Ȼǲܵģӵǿ꣬һˣЩ˵ıǳӴ
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Ҷһ̾һֱҪõתսĹǵõʱȴû뵽ôѡ
Ϊʲô似㹫ݴ½ûܹ֮ɹˣ㣬Ҫɫ츳
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ˣ
ȻһҶüͷüһ⣬漴˼
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ҶĻ£һս׵޵˽Ҷһۣ漴ҡ
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ӣ˵ңҪ״򿪣ֻеɻʱ򣬲ܴ򿪡æ˵
ȥɣ
Ҷգ˻֡
ǻʱһȻ뿪
ҶԿеңɻ
ʲô˼ҶĿ˸Щװʲô뵽ǻĻЩˡ
˾ӦӵѪâ¶ʱҲδǻ¡㱼䣬ǳ۵ĻҶԺи֡
Ҷ۾ʱһУߣʲôҶֻԼıߡ
˵գҶδңһдһ仰
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СҶ죿
ҶԼıӣг˲˼顣
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СԼ
Ҷˣ
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УǸ˵뿪ǣΪΣ
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룬ԼҲҪ뿪ˣҶͿʼʰһ¶뿪ǡ

޵һ
ɫ԰ףżԼԵƣѡһ˫ϵӣȻ͸Ĺâ·͸ǧ쳾
ȻΣգҵΪȻܵشķɣСӵδ
ǡСӵǣȻȱһ룬ΪΣ
ֵܣСӻŵĸԵҲпŵѡ
漴˫
ǵıţһɫǳ۵ֳ꣬һѪԶȥ

𣡡
˲ɭ֮УͻȻһŭĺ漴һ޴Ӱſֲƣײһÿôɽ֮г
ϸȥͷ޴ϣɼ˺ۡ˿棬ɭȻ׹ǣѪСϪһʶһ£˵ϡ
ͷ޵µʱһɫӰͣͷ޴޵ǰĿдһ˿Цݡ
һɹˣȻûдﵽԲ磬ҵٶȴҲǿ˺ü
һ꣬ɫǳۣڷ磬趯ԵЩ˫Ŀе񣬱еѪҪϬ˷â¶
˵Ҷ졣
뿪֮Ҷһ·ŴнͬʱҲ·һǵΰߵľѪ
ڣºҶһﵽСɾ磬ǵΰߵľѪҲˣʹΪﵽһ۷塣
ֻҪ꼸˲ΣӦþܽˡҶгڴĹâ𿴴һֻһ𣬵ʵȴǷ˷츲صı仯
磬ÿһʵᷭϼûֶΣҪԽɱмǲܵġ
˷졢ϼǱҶ꣬Ҳһλȥ¾ҪҶ쳬Խˡ
˷ԸıǰıԹʦ޷ֹڣҲʵߺߣҶңѾЩȲˣ뿴˷췢ʱʲôı顣
дϣжϣаٶţЩΪеˡ
Ҷк˸ţʵѾ±֪Լ츳һҪֿΪ
ǳ˵ˣӦӵѪâ¶
Ҷ첻֪˵Щʲô˼ڵȷоԼѾѪˣǰս⣬ֱϾ졣


228 
俤ǳֿҪӴ뿪֮Ҷһ·ŴǸȥҪڻֿ֮ǰһַɡ
ͬʱڸ·֮ʣҶҲŹκһʱ䡣
һ챻ʹõԽԽ죬Сɾ磬ﵽ˴ɾ磬ԲҲ˶ˡ
⣬˲αҶΪҲֻһֽ֮ˡ
һ죬Ҷ콫߷͸ֻ꣬ʣһ˲ΣҲһ̷ȥϥһôϣ
ӵҶܹظܵһɹɷڵɽ緢һ㣬ھӿȥ
ҶʮСУҲҵ𶯣·Ҫһ
ʱ濴ȥҶܵգһռѷ졣ΧЩƾ˵̵ĺˮһѷ֮ӿ֡
ҶʮС磬һͣ
ͬһʱ䣬СĴСҲѸһ

֪˶ãҶг³һڰΧĿռѷ컺ʧ˫õâڵ漤·ա
ڽˣҶϲɫ˸˷ܵĹâ˫һţ˻һâʧʡ
֮Ҷٶȷǳ죬ЩΪΪһ죬͸ϵˡ
ʱҶҲԶˣ֮ǰܸϵˡ
䣡
ͻȻԶУһɿֲһɹһŲ֮Ű
һÿòĺХ𣬳˷ȥȥһƬǽ塣
սףϢƺЩϤ
Уڸ·Ҷ죬ӶȻһͣ۾ĵطȥĿһ˿档
ɫ΢΢һҶѸһϢСسǹĵطȥ
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Ҫÿ춼߹ͨѡһ̽ˡΣҶ컺˵տտ
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Ҷ빬޵ҲҶݣͫ׶ʱһš


234 
ʱţڶǰׯҶҴּҴϡ
ּҴĵһ޵УҲеţһľǿߡ
һеһ˻ˣǸ˾Ҷ졣
Ҷճ޵УɱҴĴ峤Ϊһţһǿߡ
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ּǿߣҶ첻֣һȫҫ۵Ľ⣬˲˽ɫӶһ˫ɫȭͷݺӭȥ
˫˾춯صǿֲܣΪģ˲ϯ¹
һ漴ǿͷϷұڣʼһĿĵѺۣЩѺ۵ԽԽࡣ
ãҪˣ޵ɫһ䣬˲üľѩһǿѪɫ࣬ʯͨȥ
ҲȥҶ쳯ľѩͺ
ߣʹЦĴų򣬳ľѩȥһ޴ͷų޾
ĶңҶһĿ棬ʩչһ죬ӰѸ׷ʹһѹ¡
¡¡
һ˲䣬ҶΧʮС籬һֻֻ޴ƣʹѹͬʱ¹ˡ
Ҷ磡ʱľѩո̤ʯţͷһʱҶʹʯ̲ס
ȻȻڲϵݣͨжʯľѩ˲ֻ࣬ͨ漤ȥ
֮һ˿Ӧþǿݾ
ʱݾ֮УӰЩָԱһͨӿſݾɳȥ
ÿ
ЩˣľѩûкøУһԪֱӳ˳ȥ;ˣֱײɡ
ľѩݾָϿյʱ𾪵ؿָĴһȻȫȥ
һ˲䣬ټָһƬ档
һ¥̨ͤ٣޴ĶøһЩǾ񾪺׷𴲣߿
ʲôˣ
ǴָĶ
쿴Щ˭
һЩ߻ԼҵݶϣǷɵУۿָķ򣬷׷׾
ʱ޵һأѪɫ࣬ӳּˣڸ߿УŶľѩ
䣡䣡䣡
ָһĵϣʱرըһӰⶼּҵǿߣ㱻£Ҳκβǡ
ˣʲôˣ
ˣҪɱǸŮ𣿡

Ⱥָǿߣ˿̷ǳعУ޵й˵
ΧȺʱΪϳһӣּҵļʣµҲּҵĳϡ
һȺˣȻһǰˡ
˲䣬ȺһƬ۷׷ס
ã˵һߣ޵л˻֣ûľѩ񣬶ָĵ档
˿ָ̣ĵ棬һƬƽƽ棬ȴɿֲϢڼٻۡ
޵һľѩҲŵ档
ǿߣܱҶʹš
䣡
һ죬һ貵ĵâ񷣬˺գӵص׼
ǳҵĵ֮Уһɫǳ۵꣬գư磬һսݡ
Ҷ磡ľѩʱϲ
޵еɫˣҶеǰѺɫȻһΣյĸоѸ
¡
ʹʱҲӵص׳˳ſ¶ޱ塣һͷͬɽӴݣǲ񷣬Ҷɱȥ
ޣ
̵ǿߣ
Ͽ֪ͨ
ΧȺһƬ׾ˡ
俤̾һɣ˾ηʹޣ˺¡
俤۲Ŵԣʵ죬ػ俤Ҳû˵ġ
Щ꣬Ȼ俤ҲʱðǿߣڰȻڼɵ


236 ֮ͨצ
Сӣȥɣ
ʹԻ壬޴ǲ񷡣ͷ棬һž޴׵򣬴³һˮͰִҶȥ
䣡
һֲֿ׵繥Ҷ첢û񵱳ǱĶӣֳսǰһ̫ͼӭ׵
¡¡
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Ҷ춥̫ͼţǿֲ׵ݺݵس̫ͼ棬ȴײһ޴Ļ̣жȥ
¡¡ֲ׵磬ҶΧ£ָݲеĸǽˡ
Ҷ챾ˣȴǺֳսһ貵ĵâճʹնɱȥ
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ʹͫ׽ţҶһ̣оӻģ벻ȫһȻҶ򵥵ػ⡣
뵱ɽ⣬Ҷ챻һ׷ɱͶ·Ǳ⣬ҶҲֵסһС
ڣҶȴ׵صסһУʹܴоҶĽٶʵ̫ˡ
ƾǰѺɫҶսѾ֮ˡ
ҾͲһֱס
ҶЦݣʹɫԽˣһĳ򣬾޴İգһ˲һ쫷磬ʹӴҶѹ¡
ٽҶʱʹֻצڰ˸ĺ⡣Ǽצգ͸ſֲϢ˽ס
ʽ
Ƽʹ͵ĹҶҲη壬ѸʩչʽƾǿķӲصס˶ԷӴ
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𣡡¿ɰʹŭӶ޴ĳ򣬽Ҷն·˲ڰ
䣡
һ貵ĵâӺڰ֮˺Ѷգʹĳ򶼻ˡ
Ҷ漴˳һݺʹӴ棬Ӵĳ嶼ȥݺڵϡ
Ҷ׷սУһֲĵâʹ֡
һ˲䣬ҵĵâָ֮бըֲĳΧȥʹôǶѡ
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޵пʹȻ·磬ɫʱһԱߵּ˻˻֣Ѫɫ࣬Ŵ⼤ȥ
ţľѩ׷ȻһɫӰӴڼ޵е·ضϡ
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һŽɫս׵꽫˫磬ɱ졣Ͷеĳì޵мֲϢһ˲佫նˡ
޵ͫ׽ؿǸ˽ɫĳì壬˺Ѫ⣬ʶ
һҽ
Ҷͷʱ޵бǸ˽ɫìһĻ
弶Ҷ쵹һ׽Ȼ弶ǿߣѹ޵һжֵס
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Ҷûʲôˣսľѩغϡ
ʱӿֳʿָΧЩּҵˣҪӣһһɱˡ
ҶʱҲˣЩּ˶Ѿ̵ˣЩ˰޵ı̬һʵȻǿˣʶȴѾ˿סˡ
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ĳһǿϢҶתͷȥɵ𾪡
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ܲһִֻͬɽצңԶ̽һһӾͺ׽
˲䣬ϿգƽĴһ㣬ֲӿצΪģһǿĳܷȥ
Ƕ·һһĿĵѺۣݵն俪һ˿˿ѺۣƲҪһ
һĻǳ£Ҷľѩһ嶼ڲ
ɿֲǰҶűȼļǿߵսʱҲɵøеľ·Դһ
⵽ʲôޣҶֻצǾצ滹ĵƬһѰһ˸
зǳ𺳣Խ֪ʲôǳǳ϶Ҫǿöࡣ
ӡ֮УҲֻǿΪֲĴϣܱȼ硣
Ȼδ֪ޣһλǿߡ
Ҷ磬̵ĽһľѩĻҶһ
̵Ľ˵ǰ벽ǿߣҪǿö࣬½ˡ
ѾżʮΪǿߣô벽ϣǾǿˡǿߣǶһ֮޵
Ҷû뵽ԼȻҼһλ벽һ֣ɱκγ涼Ҫ𺳡
Ҷ磬쿴ȻԱߴľѩľ
ʵҶҲˣֻԶʣ֧貵ļʸͬһٶȣңң
һ֧ʹϣò׼һСˣֱӱ֧ɫļʸԴĲˡ
ڶ֧ʸգǱצץסѪɫ࣬ȴצסֻצƬҲըһЩ
֧ʸѪɫ࣬צλסѪɫ࣬ɫļʸһײھצ棬էøݣһѪⶼʸ˺
ţҶ۾һɣĿһ˿ȣܿץסǵµĺɫѪ⣬мʮ޴Ƭ
Сӣٶȵͦģ
׽һ㶣漴ЦҶĿгͺĽ
ֻצǴѪɫ࣬ʧƲ


 콾


237 ַ
Ҷ죬λǰ
õ֮ҶЦеسŷ׽˹֣һ˱˻Եӡ
Ҫ֪ǿǰ벽޵Ѫ⣬̺ǳֲ弶ĽҲޱȡ
ô˵棬ҲҶĶֻűӣԼٶһ
ǿѪǳ⣬ǼʮƬҲֻܱҪõʦ죬ȫԴʮ
ȻЩܹͼȲս۷
λ׽ҶͷȻͳżʸķȥҶ̧ͷȥһݡǸһߴɽ壬һӣ񹭣ư硣
ҶʱȻѹ֧ʸôԭȥġ
Գ֣ҲδǿѪɫࡣɴ˿ɼ̵Ľʵǿ
û뵽ַָֻɣȴôҶа棬·ָ֪ƵģȻǰ׼
ûж룬ҶľѩغϣȻص˿ջڡ
ȫǽϣһʿڳĴ£ָĲҵȫûգԱҲΣȴѶ
ǣһণԭһּңȻһҹ֮һ۷׷ס

պ
ջеһҶ졢ַɡľѩһ
ַɵȻûȫָҲӻ֮˹ľ״ֻ̬ɫȻЩ԰ס
ûµģҵĻش֮ȫָˡľѩַһۣЦ˵
ַɵͷл漴Ҷ죬ʲôʱǵģ
ҲŸѡҶԣԼǺɽ飬Ե˵һ飬һЩܵȻˡ
ˣҶҲ˴Լʱſꡣ
û뵽һʱôʣ֪ҾͺһȥˣҲʡַпԼһܵĿѣг˺ںļ¡
ּҵ׷ʲô£̵ˡҶЩɻʵ
һԵľѩϸûдʦ̸ֵ
ַԣر۾·ڻʱľҶϸؿڲ¶һ˿־֮ɫ
룬ַʱ϶÷ǳңηһУҶ찵ҡͷ˭ּ֪һᷢıʡ
һصּҺ󡭡Σַ۾ڣҶֱһһ˵
ҶľѩգԶݡ
Ҷֱַ֮ɱֱǰˣȻصּҡ
ҶһַɻطָȻûһصĻ˴šŵһʶּͬӵܣĿЩֻͣľȻѯַʲô
ַ˵Լּ˺Ҳûжʣֱַɽָˡ
ҶһַɷָţһӰûС
ʱַоͳɻѯǰ·ּӵܣԷȴ˵һ仰ֻǸ·
úַɱǿڿݾҸǸּӵһȥ
ȻЩ˾ˣַɷָ֪ʲôʱѾƿأּҵҲ̵ĸӹЩּҸ߲㣬Ҳ˰˰޵Ĺ
Ϊּкַܶ࣬һʱ䣬ûб֡ݡʱڣһĻĻĿĵĻ棬е־塣
ַɺܺ棬ӴּңôͻȻ֮ͱ̿ˡǣʼǽܲãġݡ¶ˣ
ӣַɵĿˣÿ춼ָܵĥֱ
˵ܹŵҶ쵽ֱ漣
Ҹղ̽һ£Ѿһ־Ҫ˶ã¾־ˡҶǿ˵ϳο
Ѳк󸣰ַЦŵͷĥȴܵĴֲӶõ˴һ˿־
Ȼַڵ־Ҷ˵ֵһᣬֱصĲ࣬ûгΡ
һȴסǿߣַܹ龳һ˿־˵Ѿ˽ˡ
ڣȫص硣
ǰַȻ츳Ҫ磬»ܼѡ
ڣѾһ˿־ֻҪȵΪˣȫˮɡ
־ѱ򣬵һôһɾ磬Ҳֻʱ⡣
ԣҶΪַɸеˣʦܣʮ֮󣬾ŵһǿˡ
Ȼַɻôʱ̺ܶġ
һԵľѩ𾪣Ҳֻ龳һ˿־ġ
ַ˵һҲһˡ
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ַɣиһҪ㴦áҶʱһ֣ڶʱһǱӰǼǰսСΰ
ҪɱҡҪɱҡΰһСУ֮ɫ
ͬʱһɧζǵҶߣ̲סһ
֡졪ΰַɿ۾һɣʱȼܵŭ
סַɣΰʱҲַɣʱһƺ뵽ʲôͿ־塣
ߣ
ַһɭȻضΰ˵ˮת䵽³ɺһ㡣
ΪѾҷˣʲôޣԼɡҶ˵գľѩڰ֣һ߳ӣϴš

ܿ죬ﴫëȻľ
Ҷҡҡͷû⣬ĥôã϶ҲҪֻ
Ҫ뿪俤𣿡ȻһԵľѩҶ죬գֻˮĴ۾ҧӣҺ촽˵
ҶƳһۣͷ⼸ľҲͬѾͷԷûΣʱߡ
Ҫʼˣʱǵ۶ȻҶҲ֪ԼΪʲô˵һ䡣
˵꣬Ҷͺˡ
Ǻãȥ۶㣡ȻľѩԴϲæЦ˵
ҶЦѵ糤ô˧ʢıɽŮԼڻˡ
һ̾Ҷ첻ٶ롣
һ죬ڲϵشҵ˻˱󶼷ë
ջϰҪѯʣȴҶ򷨵ˡ
ֱʱĲҽȻֹͬʱַɵĻﴫǽɣ
ȽȥȵȣҶľѩ˵ĳӦúܿ¡
ľѩ˵ͷҲ֪ΰַĥһ죬ĳԼͬˣʱȥ»Բȥ
֨
ĿҶ߽ڣϣͬʱһѪȵϢľѩüͷһ壬һȥȲˡ
ڣΰѾһ̯⣬һȥѪģֱĥĲˡ
ʱ䣬һһٶַʽĥңұȫû뵽ֵֻ˵֡Ҷ߽ľϣѪַ̧ͷе㲻˵
Ӳܼסˣǻһط˵ŨѪϢҶü


238 ŭ
峿ľѩ뿪˴ǣֱǰ۶
ҶַҲ뿪Ĵǣʼֿķǽʱ䡣
ҶջֱܴӽַȻùҲǸõ˴롣
ңֻҪȵƻַָɾҪھˡ

ھǲԶĸ߿֮ϣҶַ̤նС
Ҷ죬֪ΰΪʲôûбЩ˰޵Ĺ𣿡ַɺȻҶ졣
Ҷüͷһ壬漴ЩʵΪʲô
ΪҪĥҡǸ֪ޣĥңõõЧַ˸⡣
ַԺһӰɵüʵ֪˭𣿡
ǿּҵǸ̻޵УӦü˰ɣַˣʹ޵ġ
ûᱨˣѾˡҶҡҡͷ޵Ҳһ콾ˣϧǸ弶Ľ׽Щ
ˣַЩźԼأϧ֪޵ûҲԸ˵ġ
ˣ޵Ϊô㣿ȻѾ˼ôԸ㣿Ҷʵ
Ҳ֪ĥΰʱȫйˣԭΪҵ֡
˵ַԴЩΰʱ˵޵֪ҽַ֮󣬱ɫȻԥ뾡һа취ĥҡ
ַ֡ɣҶԣȻһиһӰ
ּҴ޶ӵĶӳַͬɣһݣǾ޵еĸס
ֻϧ󹴽Ҵ壬Ҷ췢֣Ȼնɱ
£㵽ڣû֪
ԣڼǰ޵ʱҶɫЩӣûҪɱ޵С
ɽһַʱҶַɣоͷǳȣû뵽һͱɱּҴ޶Ӷӳͬ
ȻôͬͬյĶȥҶҲû⡣
ֻû뵽ַôùȻ޵С
Ҳԣ޵ַɵ־Ȼϵһп϶ټЩһֱųصİŭһӾͳַɷйˡ
˵ʵֱַܹ漣ˡ
Щ֣Ҷͷûиַ£޵ѾˣַҲû£ûҪټ¡
Űɣ

֮Ҷٶȿ˲֪ٱԭҪʱܸϻţȴµʱ䶼ˡ
һοϤɽҶпŵĶ̶̼֮䣬ľþݡ
ַɣǵˣ
ɽϿգҶһ֣ԼСеַ˳
ÿٶȣž뿪ʮɣַɿŽϤɽɵõһΪҶٶȸϵ𾪡
ҪˣѾ磬еٶʮ⻹ȫһ֮ڣҾܴӴǷɵɽ𺳵ַɣҶЩЦ
Ҫʮ֪磬һ˷ܵġңҪƽˡַָ
ҶԣһâԶСڣ˷ԸıǰҲܣ
ƽһ仰ױ¶Ҷİɢһɷâ¶Ϣ
ַɰԾоҶһƺ˺ܶࡣ
ⲻͨı仯Ըı仯ǰҶһûгʵôڣѾķâ
ַɲ֪Ҷ仯ǺûǻڵҶ죬ӵİȵ˷컹Ҫ·Ѿվ۷塣
ַ񰵰ѡ
߰ɣǸȥЩˡҶ쳯ŵСڼȥ
ַæȥ

ǣ㻹Լ
Ҫʦֿ㣬ƾʣôܰš
ǿЦ㾹Ҿܾʦ֣㻹֪ʦֵ

ŵһȣúٸЦֶһСŮȭߡ
Ƕ˵ŵŵӡ
ƽû֣ЩŮ˴ԭôֲԶе۷׷ס
˵Ůĸϻŷְ˺ٺЦ
콾ڻˣϧŮˡҡͷ̾Ϣ
ꡪС㡣Ա㲻˰˷˭֪һ̳ˣڣ˭ҵ콾
ߣȻҲ˷죬콾޳ܣĺͬһģ콾˷Ĳôô󣿡Щʵ˵
Χȴû˸Ҵɼ˷ֵŵƣѾģη塣
Ҷ죬ôû콾ڻˡ
У֪ʲôʱӰҶַɶˡ
ߣӣ޷緶ȭߵٸַɲɵҡҡͷһǵһĽģ֪ЩŮѾ콾ͷˣھȻвŮӡ
ҶɨһۣûᣬУĵ˷졣Ǹ콾һѣѾ벻ۡ
ߡţҶ׼뿪ʱ۽ƳǸñ׵ģŮӵס
˲䣬Ҷһ
Ҷ쳤ХһֱӸȥһԵַɶһѾ׼뿪ˣû뵽Ҷһ֡
һﲻӢ۾ȻŮʲôİɣСַɰ̭ţҲȥ
ʱʮŵӣҲеĶ
ţ˭е졭ЩŵɻһûϳҶַɣϾ뿪Žˡ
Ҷ˿ŭ죬ûκηϻֱӳ֣ȭ֮䣬ͽ俪
Ǹñ׵Ů˿һţҿһۣһؿţ
ԸŮ˿ȴ˱ңҶƱһͬʱһɷڵŭ̲סХ
ôʶַʱҲҶı鲻ԣʵ
ҶûǶòе裡裡
ûñ׵Ů裬һҶ޷ǵŮ
뵽ѪӣҶȭͷգ˫ĿһƬ졣
˭Ҵǣ֪ʦֵ𣿡
ʦ֪ˣˡ
ʱҶؽģ֪Ҷʵǿȴû˿η壬Ȼ콾磬κˡ
ұ죡û˵꣬ҶһȣӴƣֱѹȵҲҶ˵һ仰
Ǹһȥ콾˵ҶˣţҶ˵к˸ɱΧ¶ȶࡣ
Ҷ죡ԶʮŵԾϳҶ죬ǸǰƵľţȻˡ
Ҳû뵽ǰ֮˾ȻҶ죬ɫһ䣬ˡ


239 ѹ콾
Ҷ죡
Ҷˡ
ҶʶǸСʦãкϷˡ

һԹŵ۷׷ףֻЦݡ
콾ͷƽ콾ĺٻ֮һЩǰϵǿߣǼɵʹ޲ѡ
֮콾䵳ǾŵһԣúܶӰʹ޲ѡ
񣬿Ҷݺݽѵһ٣˲ɵøе
ҶҶ졭һʧؿҶ죬ֽŶڲǱŵá
ţ˭֪ҶĴ
һǰҶȻǵһȴǺǿߡټǳǿߵʦ𣬻лɱٶŵһţȵһϵ飬ѾõҶֿˡ
ӲĻɫƽ콾磬۸һЩ˻츳µĵӻУǿɲҵҶּš
ַȵһֱ߳ӽɳȥͷҲҿҶ죬һĶӡ
Զ˿һΪҲ㲻Ȼַһ߷ɡҪǻҶ죬Ȼ⣬ַɵʵʲôʱôǿˣ
ΧЩ۵Ŀ⣬ַһ֮ɫڵΪڰ벽ڼʱܽھ磬žǿŽǰʮġ
裬ҡҶ죡Ҷʱڵϵʹϧ
СѾͷ˺ۣһǱҿ˺ۣһˣȻ۸
Ҷ쿴һΪһǿﵽŵı׼ˣΪȫǵ׵ģһŵӶǿҲѹֱ۸ˡ
ҶҶ죡̧ͷȿҶʱ۾ʱһ漴뵽ʲôί۵һ˵ҶĻ
ˣˣڡԺûٸ۸ˡҶгŭһμСѾͷʱѾͷĺݣԸȻԣȴʧıԡ
ԭһԸ񿪷ŵŮղű˽ѵʱȴ˵һǱӣҶ۲ѡ
ءҶ졭أ޵ķǳģſҶĻϡˮʪҶ·һίһӷйˡ
ҶۣѾͷһ˰ţز죬ΪҲǿû콾飬Ҳᱻ۸ĺܲҡ
ˣˣˣҴȥ𣡡Ҷһ磬иŭ콾ԭᣬû뵽۸ͷˣ˵Ҫˡ
Ҷİο£Լ˰ʱŻƽ̧һ滨С˵ؿҶ죬Ҿ֪ġ
һ仰Ҷһᣬ۾ˡСѾͷԴ漴֣շȥ
ߣھʹȥ𣡡Ҷкųɱ⣬ƺˮξûš
ٺ٣콾ҪùˡַֻЦ漴æȥ
Χŵһ漴һƬȻ
ҶҪȥ콾ˣ
찡ûɣҶѵ˷𣿡
ȥ콾콾壡

Ϣĺܿ죬ûãŶ֪ҶϢˣһ֪ҶҪȥ콾ˡ
Ǻ䶯ŵĴ£˭֪ⲻغҶ콾ĶԹյĽҶ˷һĶ
콾ֻҶս˷Ŀθ˶ѣ˭Ϊ콾ҶĶ֣Ѿǹϵʵˡ
ʲô
Ҷ
콾ȥˣ

һЩŵĳ϶õϢȻһ콾壬ҪĿһС
ȻҲЩ׽˷ĳϣϢ󣬶ʱȻŭɭȻ˵Ҷ̫ˣΪǳɽ͸ô޷𡣡
ߣҶ죬οԼ
ŵ֪ϢһЦɭҶ㲻һŵӶѣڵΪΣҶԸһ洫ӣһڳ֣ץѱ˷첻㡣
˵գҲҴҸ콾壬׼ҶЦ֪׽˷ĳϣԲҶġ
ʵϣܶ˶Ҷ죬ҶΪǿ콾ϾţҶҳֵĻЩ׽˷ĳϾԲӲ
Ҫ֪Զϡ˷Ϊ׵ſռ˽ķ֮һڼĳ˵Ҳϰˣĳ϶кüˡ
ҶֵܹЩ
˵Ҷ첻һŵӣڳ֣ͲΥŹ
ҪҶΥŹ棬͸˷˰ѱʱ򼴱ǳҲ̻
ȻˣΪʲôҶ컹ô嶯أ
ֵɻһŵӺͳϣ콾ȥ̶Ƭ֮䣬Щŵŵӣ㿴һâ󲻶ϣΪ֡

콾塣
ɫƣһɼ
ţ洫ӵĵλǳߣͬڳϡһЩǿ洫ӣ˷졢ϼһЩ֮ϣΪŵĸš
Ź涨ÿһλ洫ӣʸһɽ壬Ϊ֮ء
콾壬һǳŨɽ壬ֲ콾ģ˷Ĺϵɽ㱻͸콾
ʱ콾콾һĹ֮УɫЦ
棬ҶϻļӣСصͷ˵
û뵽ǸСӣȻҶʶ֪Ҿǿˣû׼֡콾Щڣ뵽ΣģǳӣиһĨа֮ɫ
Ҫˣ
˭ҲվӿһŵӶѣҲðң
ߣҴǳҲס
콾һɭȻЦһ㶼ںҶðڴҶˣʱЩ׽˷ĳϳ֣Ҷ첻ҲҪѲƤ
ңҶΥŹ棬ǳҲάҶ졣
뵽콾ɵøڴҶ쵽ˣЦݡ
콾ʱһͬװĴžԪԶǵصغƵգ۾עӵĿУ콾Ͽա
ʱ콾嶼ҡ콾ŵһæɳ̧ͷȥͫȴ͵һ
Ҷ죡콾ҧгݣû뵽Ҷ컹
ͬһʱ䣬콾ΧһӰ֣ǶǸŵӺͳϡ
УҶԪƵֹµ콾嶼ѡ
콾־ŭŭҶ죬ʲôһŵʸ𣿡
شҶȥȥҲɱ㣬Ϊɱմҵ֣һٽѵ֪ŭҵ³
Ҷһֱ裬һǰ̽оⱬ䣬Ԫӿ۳һֻ޴Ԫƣ콾ѹȥ


240 ȫѹ
¡¡
޴Ԫգǲ񷣬һɿֲƺƵһƬû
콾嶼ҡ
ô£
ôͻȻ
ɽѹˡ
콾壬콾ʦֵ֮أ˭⵽˭ǿƳ֣ô
콾棬ʵֹ콾һˣͶŵӣͷǣڴ
Ҷʩչǳ֣֮콾ѹʱӴƣڸ˲񷡣õ콾ߣоնȻһڣʱһ
Ҷ죬̫ˣҸƴˣ콾û뵽Ҷҳ֣ɵһ£漴ȻŭҲǳ֣֮Ǿ޴Ԫƺըȥ
ϧ콾ҶΪ̫ˣֻǳֺ֮Ҷǳֱֱ֮С׼ףֵһᡣ
ҶԪƣû˿赲֮ݺݵغ콾档
ʱһѡ
Զ𾪵ؿţ콾屻޴ԪƸǣҡβֹɽĶֱӱѹƽ˼ʮɣһЩﶼˡ
ҶҲ֣ǳֵ֮ٶȲ죬콾Щס콾ŵӣüӳȥ
ֻϧ⾰ɫ콾壬һֱ֮ӾͱѹƽˣһƬǽ壬֮ǰɫ
Ҷ죬Ҫɱ㣡콾һ콾ӣ˫ĿʱһƬҶ죬Ҳ֪ԼҶĶ֣ûҳȥ
ɱң
ҶЦмƳ콾һۣг˳֮ɫƾ㣿һ˵
δ䣬޴ǳ֮ٴۣǳ콾ѹȥǿֲõɫһ䡣
Ҷ죬ɱңԼľƣ콾־־壬ɫ˻
ģ˵ˣɱֻҵֻ֣ǽѵһ١Ҷߵ
ۿ޴ԪƣҪѹ콾ʱΧնʱһɰԪƵֻǳֳ֮
Ҷ죬һССŵӣð洫ӣҵɱˣҿûŵĴڡ
һȣԶȺзһ׷ͯյߣһͳҶŭҳ콾סֻǳ֮֡
ûţֲһССĳϹܣȻҪ£һѹҶƺϣⳤϳ棬Ȼ˿壬Ҽ֣ٶĳһǸǿǳ֣֮ͬⳤڣһѹ¡
ǳû뵽Ҷ쾹Ҷ֣־ŭûԪڲֹһȭӭǺǳ֮֡
ϧһҶǿһǳ֣֮Ժɨھˡھżĳϣ˲ͱԪƽ콾һ𣬺ݺݵغ˵ϡ
¡¡
һۿɼѺۣӿ
ܹս޲𾪣ǼҶʵҶĵ
Ҷֱ޷ˣ϶ҳ֣ǰ˶һ
Ҷ죬ˣ㾹ҶԳϳ֡ǴŹ棬˷ҪϵΪšȺ֮Уһ̶Ҷ졣
ҶϬɨȺһӾͷ˸ղ˵塣
˿ҶĿ⣬ֱ˳һЩ׽˷ĳϹֵλϣҶѾħڴɱ䣬ΪӦúסȵ˷ŹС
Ѿħɱͬţһסһ׽˷ĳ϶ʱ
һССŵҲð洫Ӻͳϣڳ֣޷ˣһġ
ǳϣҲӲ
һֽס
ЩѾͶ˷ĳϣ׷״ȵһ𣬳Ҷ
˲ɵðΪҶһѺΪʮλһΧҶ죬лм벽ǿߡ
Ҷ죬㻹־ܣţҶǳгЦݣ֮ɫ
˿ŵöҶ컳УΪֻһܵЩڼϵơ
ҶĮɨЩȺ鼤ܵĳһۣĿ⣬ϡ
˿壬һȻҶ죬ȵҶ죬Ϊǳϵĵӣô˭ҲȲ㡣
⻰Ҳ˵ģƥ򣬽³ɺһ㡣Ҷ˵գֳǰһץµԪڰ۳һֻצ˶ץ
ʲôң֪ҶڵΪжôֲӦѾҶūŵûŭӡ

󣬿ס֡
ųϣ
Щ׽˷ĳ϶ʱȻŭһҶ֣Ҳ˺צ׼塣
һʱ䣬һܼҶƵֲһӣڲ֮ϡ
֮飬ҲŹ⻪Ҷоⱬ䣬ҲȡѪֻһģֲԪնһ
¡¡ɲǼ䣬һֻֻ޴ǳ֣֮գѹ񷣬ųĳǺȥµһɺƬռС
ǳ֣֮ΧȺ˾ʱһƬȻ
Ҷһĳʮƣ캳أʮֻ޴ԪƣգʹһӾͺڰ˻Ϊ̫ʧˣɵһ
䡭ֲıըмֹЩΧҶĳǣһؿھѪɡ
˵һ𺳡
̫ǿˣֱһȼ棬˿ĿɿڴޱȺȻ
һȺҲҷңҶһֱ̤̤ıϣǿѪ
㡭ʱεѣ֣ôҲû뵽Ҷʵǿֵزô೤ϳ֣һλǿߣҲҪСӭս
ȻҶһǳֱ֣֮ӽô೤ϺɳȥгֵĳϣԱشήңһҶĿг˾ηҲ˵ˡ
ܡܡôܱôǿԶش콾г˲ŵɫ
ܣһƬţȻؿһĻ
ԭô೤ϳ֣ΪҶذɣû뵽ȴҶһƺɣ£ɵӣҲ֪Ҷ϶ˣûôǿʵ
Ŷ󣿡Ⱥ֮У˾̾
ΧˣҲݣûһ˼Ҷ죬˳֮⣬ֻжҶľη
ҶӰݽſʼһֱڣֿˡһһ˵Ĺע֮УڳĺܶˣۿҶһɳ
Ҷܹнĳɾͣ˼ȸе𾪣־֮Уг˾η;̾ûһ˿һļʡ
Щĳǣ˿ҲȻ֮ɫѹҶôеڶ֣ԭǽˡ
˵ףһǿΪ磬ֻҪҶ첻ţʵȷԴĳЩŹͷ
νŹ棬ֻǶߵǹܲǿߵģ


241 
Ҷ˿˵ʶһˣһ̤屳ϣĿ⣬һӣмɨЩ׽˷ĳһۡ
һ̣Ԩµ񽣣³â¶ɣһƣɨƬռ䡣
ǱĿɨеˣظеľ·վǰһ̫ɢޱȳҵĹâ˲ֱӡ
ЩҶɳȥĳϣһ£ԴȴҲ˵ʲôƲҶˡ
һ콾˿̶Ŀͣʲô˵
ŵҪˡ
Ⱥ֮Уھݵ֮󣬴һ仰
˵Ҷ˷һ콾ƱҪԭƳ˷ϡ
ǿ֮䣬϶Ҫһ˵£Ϊһߣֻһˡ
ЩҲĬˣһǿΪ磬Ҷ磬Ǳһֵ˷ҲֻܿʵԸҶ죬ɴѹҶ졣
ڱʮ˹ÿһеĵ̣δûκһطһǿߣһôǿߡ
˵ڸ֮ڣǿӵдƹĵֻҪǲԼС
Ȼʲô鶼ҪһȣҶֻǽѵһЩϺ콾ûɱǡ֪ҲǳһҶ죬ط
Ҳ˵ܲƽǿΪ磬ûʲôƽԡ
ҶЩֻڲεĳϣٶ࣬ҲȲҶŵ
Ϊ˭֪ôĳɾͻжߣǿߣŽʵһ¥
ߣ
ɨ콾Ⱥ֮ҶһԵַɻ˻֣漴Լŵ޴Ĺ
ҶȥȺҲ׷ɢȥЩҶˣ縵ѩɽȵȣȴҲҶķȥ
ڰһЩǿߵ־Ҳ˻
Ȥˡ
һ˲űʢװ
˷һǿĶˡ

һЩŵǿ־Ϊֿ֮һȻȱǿߡ
ֻƽ󲿷ǿ߶ڿޣѡ
Ҷһŵǿ߶Ӧˣ׷𾪶ݡ
⣬˳ȥĴϺ˷⣬ϡǳϡϡ峤Ҳ־һС
ǳȻǹЦο͵֮ɫ
Ϻ峤ҲǳԾû뵽Ҷô漴ĽⲻĽҶ죬Ľǳϣһһͽܡ
֪ܴϵֱͺˡ峤ڶ֮У֮ɫ
˸֪Щʲô
һĶϣҶڵķ˸ɭȻ⡣

֮УʮĹһڽձ貵Ĺԣҫš
ôõ𣿡Ҷ쿴Ż۾裬ĵʵ
һȡһЩҩ£Щ˵ҩڼǿ߶Ч
һΪЩҩ֮ϵѸٻָΪһ𣬴ﵽ
ţûҸоȫҶЩżı飬гϲãһЦ˵
û¾ͺãҶԴˡ
һԵַʱ˵Ҷ죬¶Ϊһ೤ϡأǲҪ׼һЩдǡ
ҶԶʱţҰһ¡
һҲæЩַɸ˵꣬㴫Ϥ
Ҳæɽ͸ѩ溰
Ҷǽ빬ŵĹأҶ֮⣬ǲ˽ġ
ڣҶȴںˣû˻ΪһС¸û϶ڽ
ϲϲ
ϲ
ɽ͸ѩһ㹰ֵأ˿Ҷ죬Ľ
ÿһ߶ϣﵽľ磬ֻгΪһǿߣڱʮ˹ܵǵ𾴡
ŵĵӣϣԼܹһ
Ҫ츳ģô׾ܴﵽġ
׹Ҳֻйһλѡ
ҲˣͬϲҶ쿴ˣҲȭЦţɽ͸ѩΪѡ
ǲԶˣһҪˡɽһĽ֮ɫ
Ҷ죡
ʱһϤӵ⴫漴һɫӰ
Ҷ̧ͷȥɵЦˣˮѾͷΪҲһˡ
ʱ䣬ŵĵҲûиԭǰϵǿߣв˶ѾΪ洫ˡ
þòҶЦŴк
֮ʫҲˣɣһʣӵƮˣ·֮ϵӣҶ춼һԾ
Զҧҧ˿ˮٿ˿ʫϣʱ֪Լľ̫ˣɵЩй
Ҷ죬ʦ͸ġʱʫϴӻȡһɫƵݸҶ졣
һʱ𾪣ΪǸŵƣζҶҲΪŵĸˡ
ɢɫâƣҶ춼ЩˣΪƴǾԵĵλȨơ
Ҷ첻̰ʲôȨƣ֮֮УǴϣҲԸˡ
Ϊϣŵĵλƽ
ȻڵλʱĻΪ
ǲôƣҲص˷ͶŵĴѹˡ
ãҶ̲סһ˷ܵؽӹơͬʱЯʫϵ㣬Ҳ˹һ
ںڴ˷쿴Ƶʱ򣬻ʲô飡һԣַҶеˡ
ɽ͸ѩҲ𺳲ѣǸŰţλ˵һ֮֮ˡ
뵽ҶڵʵҲʵ顣
úһЩϺ͵ӴŸﱦǰأҶ߳ȥһѹѹһƬһ˶ˡ
Ҷʦֽ
Ҷֽ
һҶ֣ڳ˸ߺͬ׹š
ƣҶһ
ЩǶƺҶΪҶʦ֣ЩǣҲдҶֳƺϾ磬ҶʵҪǿЩˡ
лλϺʦܡҶ챧˱ȭ漴һһɫƣ֮лڰɢųҵĹâ
䣡
ͬһʱ䣬һɰƣҶϱеˣһϯš
ɿֲƵ֮£˶оһ
ٵǿǿɫʱڳˣŵĵӣЩǣһҶ񶼱ˡ
ǸŰ


242 ӡ
ϣһҪӱ𰡣
ءҶ̫ˣ϶Ҵٹ꣬Ҳˡ
ϣһҪ
ҶǱڴصʱ콾ܵϵĶǰ޵ȥǾ춯أƮѩ
֪ˣΪ콾ܵ˶ίƵġ
֮ڣϿŹڵϿ޿콾ϣһ˿֮ɫ
ףͬһģôһ˷ŵĸ磬ȴҲһ콾ӲС츳İ׳յܵܡ
ѲСڳʱԴŰˣ
Ͽ콾ЩԴԽ϶еĲ²⡣
ءϣ˼һҪӱ𰡣콾֪룬ڿ޵ȥͲûϵ־ˡ
ˣˣ޿ģɺͳϲͷĺȵ
ǣ콾ᣬƨƨߵվһͰ͵ؿŶϣгڴ֮ɫ
ϼ״ûѾĸղŶڸϷ
ǿҪһ콾ĳ嶯˵ȥɣ飬˵
ǡ콾Զʱˡ
ȥϴȵһɿµѹʱ콾һҲҶ˵һ仰ȥ

콾ԶȥıӰϰһ漴Ҷڵķɫˡ
ȻŵƣҪƽ𣿻׼Կϣɫ뵽

һͨéУҶľϵǳϹ
Ӱݼʦ𣡡򷢵ЩصĳϺʦǺҶͣظʦǳϡ
ˣҪ񡣡ǳϰ˰֣һοؿǰҶ죬Ц˵СӸΪʦľϲ̫ˣ϶벻ô̵ʱڽ
Ӵ˷ҲǵõһЩŽҽҶǫǳǰûΪ
ңǳҡҡͷ֮·ʲôңҲʵһ֡Ϊϵǿߣһûġ
Ҷ˵ͷ֪ǳ˵öԣʱҲʵ߲Ḷֻ́յΪǿ
˷Ҳ㸱ƣµȵ˷ٲҪδ֮λˣҪǰ׼ǳѵ
ţҶ˵ͷĿһ˵ʵܲܳΪŵҵ־ڴˣҲ˷Ϊġ
ţ̰ܲȨƣΪʦο츳ҲδزܣһΪءǳ֮ɫӲ츳ҲֱǺȱ㡣
ʦȥ俤ҶԼ俤һЩ黺ҲڵĹأһ㶼ʦһЩ飬һԻʦָ㣬ҲǼʦͽĸ顣
ȻģҶ컹ˣⲻǲǳϣÿ˶Լܡ
û뵽俤һ
ҶĽ֮ǳҲп̶̲ʱ䣬Ҷ俤ľֱǾʼˡ
ܹõǳͣڴ׹һҲ԰ˡǳЦ
û뵽ԼͽܣȻõǳӡ
Ҫ֪żĳǿߣǳҲǺһ˼ǿߡ׹Ǻպһ꿡ܣ벻ǵۡ
ǧҪСġˣ̣֪ıΪʦҪö࣬ȥָġǳ˵ʱгء
ҶԵͷ
ʦͽһֱ֮ҶŸȥ

ŵأҶϺ峤ϡ
һ˰ɨ㣬ʯҶ
ʱֵ죬ҶƽҪܶ࣬صҶҶҡҡͷɨ֪Ҫɨʲôʱ
ȻҶֻ֪鷲˵һ䣬ʲôҶʧ
СӣǱʦ𣿡ʯſڣ峤Ͽһɹ̫۽ƳҶ쵽˵
ţӸոմʦҶͷ
Ӱݼϡ峤ϡҶ󹧾λλ϶ܴҲ
ˣûʲôԺ󲻱ˡϷɨ㣬˹һԵʯ¡
СҲɣȻ㸱ŵƣĵλ㲻֮ˡ峤ָһʯ˵
ҶӦ£漴æ˵ܸŵƣλԶǵӵĳ
Сʶ࣬ߣ峤ߵһ˿ο
Ҳοص˵ͷϸһҶ죬Ȼɫһ䣬üСô̵Ϣ
ŶҶЩȣҲóδҲ̫˰ɡ£Ҷ콫Լ俤һЩ͸ǳϵûʲôؼĵطȻû˵
Сӻ˾˰ɽޱҶˣǵǿ߲ս峤һĽ޲ûҶ죬ҲǴսһ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ó峤Ҳһսӣѹֵһȥѵٶŵǿߡ
ԭˣѹ֡
ɫȻ漴Ҷ쳷ȥԪҶǳΣæԪ
֪Ϊʲô̵˻֪𣿡ЦЦ漴ƣ羧Өһ㣬һɫҶļһġ
ʱҶ쿴ԼؿڣһѪɫӡǻ֣ڰɢ
ⶫʲôҶʱԾû뵽ԼھȻڲ֪УֵĶ
ӡһԵ峤ʱȵ
ӡ
ҶһȻ뵽ʱǸɱʹսǰһӡ
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244 ʮԼ

ٴ۾Ҷһƣ·һڽеľ񽣡
ͽڵΪѾ˷ˡдָѾһʽһҪСĵ㡣ǳ˵
ʦģͽһģҶտտţһʽʽˣѵ˷졣
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óսҶ켴弶ǿߣҲսʤ
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ȻȥʮʱˣڵΪͲֹˡ
ǲô˵ҶΪ֮ͬУһš
˷ٴҲֿѣ׹˷Ҳֻеƫ϶ѡ
Ȼһʽ˷ܻһЩ
Ҷ˵ȴǲʲôΪʽ
˷һʽԸ»ĺܲңƺ뵽˷ʹϿԼʩչʽĳҶ첻ɵúٺЦ

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ô֪µģҶʨԽҶ죬ƺҪҶпʲô̾˿Ϊ͸Ҷ졣


246 Ѫ
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ʮӵȻҲˣܺףˬЦãҲ֪ΪʲôĪرһֻ˽϶ϲߣѵҸĹͷ𣿹
ʮӺܺף漥Ц
Χ꿡ܺضҶ죬ȴûһϳҶ죬ȻҶѾֿʶò˺١
ʮҲҶһȲ裬ܺʮ߹ֱˡ
²˵ܺʮ߹Ҳɫȵʮ㲻Ҫ̫֣Ҫ䣬ֱ˵ʲôʱøֵĵطˣ
˵ĲܳΪøֵĵطҲӭøҶվоⱬ䣬ץʮӵݹһţֱʮ߹ܺǰ
ʮ顭㲻ظͨ飬ʮѾ㡣ӽ쿪ʼĻԼΪֹص۶ȥɡҶк⼤䣬еӸʮ߹
ǿƣʱҶϱͬŭһ㣬ϯ
׵ʮ߹ܺʱܵɿֲƣʮΧˣҲܵһǿϣ̲ס
ܺͫһǰҶ죬һ˿ɵ
ʮ߹һǷ飬ɫޱѿ˺Ƿ飬ָҶ
Ҷߣǿٴһ𣬽ʮ߹ֱɳȥܺӦ
Ҵңʮ߹ӵҷ裬һŵصҶ죬ĿƺҪɱҶ졣
ϧĿ⻹ɱˡ
֪˭𣿡ʮ߹Ҷŭڵӣ֮ǰеø֡
Ҷ伥Ц˭㲻һ龳ķ˴ҵݣʲôֵ԰ģɣʮѾ㣬ӽ쿪ʼѾûκιϵˣֿﲻӭ㡣
ͣʮ߹һѪֱ۳ҶȥдҪɱ㣡
ϧҶ죬ͱҶĻԪɳȥͷɢģŪһǱһӡ
ΧĿɿڴһȻӣ˵˭ô޷졣
ʮҲһ㶣дˬ죬ʱ䣬ԹŮòѪǳֻˡ
ܺɫ䣬Ҷһۣھˣɽһ㣬һɿµҶȥ
ȻҶ׼ֻһ֣һ㽫ܺĹס
ͬʱһΧķݲ㵹ˡ


247 ˷ع

ҶһӱһɳҵĹâϿգ丩ܺ
սನֲ̫ˣɲƻʮʱסĵط
ܹܺȻǲ⾫â䣬𣬼֮䣬̤񷣬һȭҶ졣
ʱĶѾķעǵ߶ӦʮϿմɿֲ
Ҷܺڸ߿кݺײһɽǿֲͬоˣ𼸰ɸߣһƬ쫷籩
ڵߣʱһװĺ죬ͬʱҲʮϿգ·һ̫ըƵġֲ˷ȥա
һĻǳֲ𺳣˾߳Χʮܹս
ҶһȭܺȻƲ̤ͣǰȭͷܺԲɱȭʩչǿˡ
ܺû뵽Ҷǿ󣬶սҲǳǿƣһʱֻҧֵûлᷴ
ս˶ʱ𾪣û뵽ʱڿţƵܺȻһͻСôǱ
˭Զĸ¥ϣиߵɴ۾ʮϿգ𺳡
ȻܹܺһսƺռϷ磡һ𾪵
⼸죬ܺ鿤һ޵֣Կǵ߶ʶ
ôᣬǶѾˣϷоһͶȥˡһϵ̾Ϣҡͷ
ף˺еϤˣ֪ˣҶ죬ǰɱ˰ٶŵĵһţֿ
ͻȻȺһ漴ǶһƬȻ
ҶȻǰ¶棬ϾѾֿʶģԵ˺ʱǶһƬڡ
Ҷ죿ܰɣˣ
ٶҲ̫˰ɣŰŲʮɣ
۷׷ףҶ˵ӡ̫ˣ츳ȺǳĶҲǳ󣬵𾪵Ļٶȡ
ֿʵвţҶôٶȣȴǰδУ׹ټ
һǰҶŲڵΪڲŹȥʱ䣬ҶͽˣٶϱǿߺգЩǿҲĽʺޡ
˼ʰһϵĸۡУ̧ͷʮϿգĿУ͸һ˿̾ο
ҶΪΪԼӵľеοҶǿʵԺǰ;ӵﵽһԼ޷ĵز
˵ʮӵ۹ĶˣҶ쵱ѩ̿İһҶǿʮӻõĺô͸ࡣ
Ȼڣʮӻ޷Ҷϻʲôô
ż۹׹ҶҲˣҶǿѾݴ½
һһȥۿջĿ⣬صۡ
ʮϿյսѾˡ
һΪܺҶĶ֣ҶûʩչʲôУֻһɱȭͰܺñס
Ҷû˺ֻǰͷݺݽѵһ١
ףܴӣǰɣǵܴӿӢģ趼ϲ
ʮЦúܿģͷһܺһļţЦ
ܺһѪ۾Ҷ죬Ŀг˷ŭԹһ仰û˵뿪ˡ
ֱ뿪˿ǣرѩȥˣʮ߹ûᡣ
ʮ߹Ҳû뵽Ҷǿ־ŭָҶ죬Թ˻ţ˵۶һÿ
飬ҹʮٴδӻȡһ飬ݺݵʮ߹
֪ʮ߹϶Ὣ˺õģͶд˼á
ʮ㡭ʮ߹ŭģѪٴ˺飬ԹصҶʮһۣȻżҴ뿪ǡ
ˬ죡
Ǳȥʮиеޱȳ죬˷ܵشһҶļ򣬺ߣȥһʵ̫ˬˡ
ҶЦһһľ¥֮С
ΧսȺҲɢȥһսӰܴûãҶսһɷ籩ǣҳΧǳشȥϯֿ
磡
ҶһһǿߵϢȥֿˡ
ÿһǳأÿһҾ¥ݡջ̸Ҷ졣
ҶֻǽŰٶŵֿĻôڣҶǿԼʵֿĤݡ
ɣһˡ
Ǻǲ֪ţѾ俤ˡ
Ҷ컹ûǰ۶Ѿ۶ˡ
ЩǺ󻰡
ʮھ¥һ֮ҶٴλصӪҶҵסһΪžʱ⡣

һɭɽٶŵĴ֮УһƬĬ
Աߣٶŵĳϣһãÿ˵ɫޱȵࡣ
Уεĳϣ࣬ҶʶĶ䳤Ͼڡ
λҲӵϢҶӵٶ̫ˣѾһֻϣɳвǵĵزˡһٶŵĳϳ˵
һƬĬҶֳôĶֿ֪ˣǰٶ벻֪С
ϧûɱСӳɳˡһٶųź
ɱҲ٣ٹ꣬׳ɳǾǵڶˣǲٵˡһĳվĿᶨ˵
ĳϣҲ˵ͷɫࡣ
䣡
ڴʱһɺ嫵־ٶ£
ͬʱһϵٶŵλ϶С
ǼƻʼִУλкǰٶŵӱչ֮ѣһɺ嫵ɽ
ͬʱеİٶŵӣܵϤֲֿѹһг
ͬ䳤վ˵
Ҳͬ
ͬ
ͬ
еİٶų϶վˣǵĿг˷ܡһƬɱ⡣
һϵĹ֮УٶŴǵǿգĿУҲ̲ס¶һĨ֮ɫ
ӽֿ֮գǳ
ںڰĹ֮УԵøĴ̶
ٶս˫ȭо˸ٶĲãһһӣһһƻΪǼƻġ
죬Ǽƻпʼʩչˡ
졭ʱýˣٶĿУԽ˸ļµĹâ

ºһϢ뿤ǣʮҶ첻òǰž۵ʱ⣬ҴҸϻʮ
Ϣ˷ˡ
Ҷ죬ҵõϢ˷ǰ¾Ҫ㡣ʮ˵
ˮڣҺ֮䣬Ҫһ˶ϡҶտտš
峿Ҷ뿪ǣš


248 
Ͽգ˷һͬŵӹСһƬ䶯
ɫǳۣŽߣ˷ӢףưĿ⣬ɨŵӣ˷֮ɫһš
һԵϷǳƽȻؿһС
˷ŵӭӣǵĿУϿ˾ηĽ
һִƣ֪ӽ֮󣬽Ҳûܹ˷ŵĵλ
˷ִδŵ֮λѾˣⷢ
ϣҵѡȷģ̾
ȻԺһӰҶӰ
ϧˡҲδãϷѾûжʱȴˡҡҡͷȥ
˷ڿ̤£ŵӵ˫֣緢âˡ
ŵδ˷죡
˷о˸š
ú˷صԼɽ壬ûƬʱ䣬һϣһӣӵÿ˶ƷһЦ֮ɫ
Ѿ˵õ׼ȷϢȵһ֮˷콫֮λ
ǶϹ⴫ϢҲûзϣŵ˶š
ŴϺͶ֧֣ټ˷챾츳ʵʣŵδ˷Ȩ
ԣ೤Ϻ͵Ӷͽ˷졣
С˵⣡
֮ǳϡϡ峤Զ˷ɽѹѹһƬˣ峤ϲɵߵ
ľˡǳü
Ϊ˵⣬Լ̳дϵ²ʽ峤Ц
ϵ˼ףܹ£ľǴһˣûҲܴﵽڵĵزϧʱ䲻ˣ޷ٽһֻѰ˼̳ʽϧͽһǳ̾Ϣ
٣ոպãͻȻ˵һ˿Ц⡣
ǳϺ峤Ͼȵؿ˹
̧ͷһۣЦ˵Ȼܸߣδ֮λɲһܹġֻҪˣͬ⣬ǴϣҲ޿κΡ
ǡǳЩɣǴϵʵǴŵΪСңΪźãһ˭֪
ûʲôǣȥˣҲˣʵȻڣ۹ȴˡ峤
ϵ˵ͷȻͬ峤ϵ˼
ǳֻգϾҲϣԼߵøԶֻǿϧ˴һæ
ŵգǳһ̾
ŵ죬˭

ŵλһãһЩĸˡ
Ϸ˷λ룬ԣλЩϱǿߣѾ꣬ʵɲ⡣
ڴԣӺ棬ҲһλλŵĳϣǿߣҲа벽ڵǿߣʵ͵Ҳʮٶˡ
ЩŸ߲㣬Ҳǿս
˷죬ٻǹΪʲô飿òˣ˷Աߣһλɫʵ
˽ŵĵһ弶ǿߣλϡ
˷컹ûʸ뵽Щ˵˴֧֮ЩϱǿҲС˷죬ĵ׻Щġ
÷˵˷츳ȺҲһһˡ
ԣĵ׻ǰ˷ģֻηϺͶϣŲ¶ˡ
԰꣡˷΢΢һЦ漴ɨڵλϣλϣĳˣΪƲһ洫ӡҲϤҶ졣
λԣɵõ
λо˸Ѿµ˷⡣
˷ɨ۵һۣһ£˵ϴΪٶŵˣҾҪŵһѡǺǳϡϡ峤λǰķϣҲŷһ
һЩĳԲɵ÷˷ۣϴǳϡϡ峤ԣ˷κβҶġ
˷Ƴ죬Ŵ֧֣Ҳû˸ͷ
ǡ˷ͻȻһλһû뵽Ӳ֪ж£Ȼһʹܣŵĳ϶ˣֱ޷ˡѾħǼȥźԸŵ飬ӷϳΪš
£˷ϳһǿƣϯ
λ𾪣ɫһ䣬û뵽˷ôʹﵽȻЩϱһβ࣬Ҫ˶ã˷ܳԽˡ
λһۣӸԵϿһ˿ɬǰˣǰɳ̲ϡ
ˣ˵ʱ
Ҫˡ
ͬƲҶ죬ʦ֣ǰŵŹ棬ǳϵĵӣҲô޷졣ڣһλϱǳ׵˷ˡ
Ҳͬ⣡
ҪƲҶ죬򳤴ŵŹ滹кϣ˷粻ǣҲܷβܡ
ͬ
ڣҲ̾˿ͬ
һڳϣЩͬˣ±˴˶һۣһͬվҲͬ
쳹
˷գⱬ䣬緢شлλϵ֧֣ĳû
ˡ
ˡ
λ
˷һĨ⣬ɫԽ⣬һҶ졭һ֪ʼһֻϣǰҲһ˿˻

˷һڸͳϣ׼ƲҶʱҶҲӿǸϻš
һŵС磬ҶʱоһɲһϢ·֮һֽŵա
ҶܹܵһɷİӿԶԶŵ壬·һ緢Ļɽܹܵҽıӿͷڡ
˷죬˭֧㣬㶼ҵСҶоⱬ䣬һâŵ塣
ͬһʱ䣬һɰϢҶϱϯС硣
ԶԶȥҶϣҵĽɫâͬһɫ̫ɢҫ۵Ĺԣ硣
Ҷһ̣Լʵǿƣͬ쫷磬š
˭ŵĵӣЩϣЩչصǿߡһ̣ǶܵһɿֲϢͬɽһѹ
Ҷˣ
˷죬ǰλңסһսҪѪϴˢҵĳ衣
˷졭ҹ
ĺҶдš
һ˲䣬һƬȻ


249 
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ʱ˷ںλôƲҶ죬ϾҶǳϡϡ峤֧֣ҪһӰᵹȴô׵ģҪӴ֣ǳҲ޻˵
ʱӵ⴫һ˷죬ҹ˷죬ҹ˷죬ҹ
˷죬ҹ

һһͬӴһ㣬С磬ŵӵĶС
Ҷ죡
˷ŻãҶͻˣҪ׼һˡ
ҶѾʵδؾ˷֮£ⳡ֪˭Ӯ

Ƭ֮ŵ˶֪ҶˣеһڳϣҲŵʱ𾪣˶ɫһ䣬ˢˢؿ˷졣
û뵽Ҷĵô󣬾ô޷˷죬һҲ˷Ц˷컹λƲҶ졣
Ҷ컹ǿޱ߼ʣô꣬δôСӡߣǳȥСӵкε˷죬أЩϷʵؿ˷죬ͲˬʱҶ˷죬зǳʹ졣
˵꣬Ҳ˷ػһ⣬мȥ
ߣҲȥ״Ҳͺһĸ߿С
һЩϣҲ֮ȥҲ֪Ҷʲô
ȻԼ
˷˿ޱȷŭɫѪ죬û뵽Լλ׼ƲҶ졣ԷȴûսһŬˮ
˷ףڻҶ죬ͻǰ̧ͷ
Ͼ˷нһУĲǴϣҲǶϣ츳ʵ
һһˣ˷ĵҲıǮ
ǮܵҶս
˷޷ܾսŵͻһǧɣʱ򼴱дϵ֧֣Ҳλӡ
Ȼ˷첢ΪԼ򲻹Ҷ죬ֻзǳ߰ΪҶ첻һֻ϶ѣս
ȻôҾͳȫ㣡˷˸ɭĺ⣬һ˫ţ˻һ⣬ŵĸ߿ռȥ
㿴˷ڵӣȻǶŭˡһϵЦ
ٺ٣οкϷˣ˷챾ǣŵĴƶԸҶ졣뵽ҶôãȻպø˻һˮһϺٺЦš
ҶŸոս磬˷ѾǿˣյĽ»˷Ӯ
ǿδأҲ漣˵ҶϸоСı츳ȺûоԵĵǲս˷ġ
ߣǳȥ˭ʤ˭ʱһĿȻ

һڳ۷׷׵س
ⳤ϶ŵĶǿߣһ¶ǿƵ֮Уʹеŵӣܵһɹɿµѹ
û뵽ôǿߣǰȻûз֣
Ҿ˵ֿܹûǿߣôܣ
㿴ϱĸţÿһǾ춯صĴڣһţֿҪ

һŵ˷ܵš
˷ονǷѾ˼ǿĴڶٻΪıһǳϡϡ峤Ҳ޷ԵĴƣȻƲҶ졣
ԭȵļƻ֮УֻҪЩˣʱ򹫿ƲҶ죬ټϴϺͶϵ֧֣ǳϡϡ峤Ҳ޷ԡ
ƻչĺ˳Щŵǿߣڴϵϣ׼Ͷ˷ˡ
Ͼ˭֪˷δŵˣ˴ϵ֧֣ĵλ޿ɶҡ
ЩŵǿȻˬ˷죬Ҳҵ˵ֻʱίȫˡ
û뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼڹϻˣӣ״˷ļƻһڳϻûгϣȻ˷ԸҶ졣
ңҶ칫ս˷죬˷ӦսĻôҲûˡ
ܵ˵ҶѡʱܺãԼû뵽ȫǳϵɺϡ
˵Ҷ
ţԶĸ߿УҶ쿴һλλǿߴŵʱͫһһ
ãЩǿ߶ԶԶָָ㣬ûʲôľٶ
ôˣЩŵĳϣʣµҶʶűչصǿߣôһۼѵڿ᣿Ҷ˿гɻôҲ벻˷λ϶Ը
ܿ죬˷ͳˣҶҲ
һۣʱʹӸԵУɱ⡣
Ҷ죡˷ɭ˸
˷죡Ҷоⱬһǿս⣬
˸վƲ񷡣
Ҷ죬ãôͳ϶ڣҵҪ㣬ΪδܣΪδô೤ϣǲ׼ˣѾħˣ˷ʣɱڵɱ⣬εҶ졣
Ҷ첻ǰ׳գôǿĳϣٿ˷Ҳ֮г֪յ˷ڼƻʲôˡ
ʱ˷ʣҶŭЦȵ˷죬ܵܵ°ܻѹͬŵӣΪŵĸֽѵôˣУ˷㻹ԲģϴλҲɣ׼λƲǸųеֱңЩʲôһһˣޣҶ쿴㲻ŵһ
Ҷǳ⣬۾˷죬ɱ⡣˷֮䣬ֻһܹվţ˭ûѡ
ңҶѾΪʵսɲ⣬Ȼеֱ˷졣
ڵҶ죬ѾǵǸŰŲõëͷСӣѾһϵΣյ׵سɳˡ
չأ֪ƷԣŸ㸱ƣ㻹ΪܹΪţ˷λ϶Ը㣿Ц㲻һֻССϣҷ֮㣬õƶԸ㣿ߣãҵܵܺλϡĺͬŶŹΪŵĸ˵ҪŻɱħͷ
˷Цţɱ죬ǿƣֱӳҶѹȥµನա
˷죬һͦģڵĶܱ˵ɰ׵ģ֪ʵǲǺϵĹһУҲһ飬Ҫ㡣
Ҷ˵գ۾˷죬ŵһƷôģ㻹ǵ𣿡
˷ԣͫһҶУһ˿ţȥ򶨵˵ʲôҲףƷҵĽݴ磬Ѿʧٺܶˣô֪ǻ
˵ѣһĺӲԶ
ţһɫǳ۵ϼ̤նŭض˷졣
˷һֲõԤС


250 ս˷
ϼЩһֱڱչأһֱڰＯʵøƷɱѩޡ
գҶ칫ս˷죬͸ӦˣʱҶһ֮
˷죬˵ѣϼض˷죬һ˫У˺ںԹޣҧгݡ
˷һݣǲõԤԽǿˣ򶨵ʦãǺιʣʦֵһȥҲˣԼʧٲģ˵ˣ
ϼû˵ֻԹ޵ص˷죬гɱ
˷ɫǳѿӡ֮Уǵһοϼӣһ
˷죬Ʊˣʵ㣬㹴ٶŰƷʦ֣ȴû뵽ƷʦʵˣȻˡ
ϧٶŵĶ̫ˣƷʦˣ֮ǰȴǽҿյס
ңȴ˵ؼƷʦֵʬҴѪ֮У֪һС
û뵽ɣѾ¸ʦˣ
ҶЦ˷ԽԽףиеǳˬ졣
ʲôд£
˵ŵһƷôʧ٣ԭ˷카˰ٶŵˡ
û뵽˷ֶôݣ̾ƷһţȻ³

Զһųϣһŵԣ𺳲ѡ
ţʱһƬȻ
˷״ɱ⣬Ҷ죬ҧгݡ
Ҷη壬мؿ˷죬֮ɫ
ֻһ֮ʶѣ֮λ޴ǣ˷еվֱһ仰Ϳݺ˵ġ˷ߵֻ˫ӣҶĿгɱ⡣
ˣ
Ǵˣ
˿̣˷г˺벻ʣû뵽ܾȻҶ֪һϼѹֵϼôҶ죬ԭѾᣬ׼ֶԸ
뵽˷ԽˣҪ֪ˣͻ᲻ϧһдۣҲҪɱҶ졣
ҲͲֽˡ
ˣ˷컹Ƿǳ򶨡ɲܵ콾ǰ׳գܹһΪһˣ־׿Զҡġ
λϺʦǣҶӹȻ˳ϣŹ棬Ѿħ˵ĻôţʦãǱԻˣĿ𳤣ŹħͷӦýţϵΪ˷ߺȵ
˵Ķԣħͷ캦š
ҶϵΪ
ţ

˷Ļһ䣬һϸȥ೤Ϻ͵Ӷڸߺ
ȻЩ˶ѾͶ˷ˣ󲿷ųϺ͵ӣ࿴˭Ҳ
ৣ
ڴʱϼмһâֱӳ˷ȥ
˶ʱһΪϼˣϸһʱֻһ飬ɻ
˷Ҳһ£סǱһŵ似ǳ֮֡
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˷쿴ԼȫһȻҶ쵲סҶϣܵǹɱ˿Ԫʱ𾪵˵

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ЩԶսĸŵĳǣҲ𺳡
˭뵽ҶΪȻ˷
˷죬û뵽ɣڵңһΪ㻹ʲôҶһ֮Ҷ쳹׷йеĳ죬Хһֱӳ˷츩һȭƲ񷡣
ͬΪҲҵĶ֣˷쾪ŭӣŭһЯƣһųҵ̫ݺӭҶ졣
һǿߣڰкݺݵײһ𣬱˸ӿֲƵನضѡ
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ǳϡϡ峤ϣдϡϣλصҲڰйս
һԾҶ˷˵ĶԾҲ󳬼Ĳġ
ŵδʤߡ


251 һʽ

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ұΪǳֲ֮ôڿûнȫ򡣡
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ѧһʽҵָʱ䣬ɵڶʽ˷֮ɫ
Ҷ츳ˣǿ츳ԿԼ̳²ΪڶŵĴϡ

ҶĽ϶ᳬԽģΪҶ컹ᣬǰ;
ҲŵĵһλҪˡ
жʱһƬȡ
ʱߵ˷죬֪ԼѾˣӵʵصҶ졣
ô˷죬ô˿ţ˵㻰𣿿ԵеĵԼ˵ġҶգ˷죬伥
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ˣ˷ͨһƬܹܼܵĿУ˳
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죬ʱˣŵĩգŵС棬ٶЦ
˲䣬ɫ䡣


253 ս
Ȼǰٶŵˣ
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ҹţһôŵعŵС硣
ڣеĳϺ͵Ӷˣǵӡ֮УֻҪдţûκɺš
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䣡
Ȼǰһ졣
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ֻһž޴ĺŵСں˽Ȼ񷣬¶һλλźµǿߡ
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ǣҶ벻ͨǣٶôܹŵС磿Ҫ֪ڲˣ֪СڵãǲܽСġ
ȻԷǿߣҲƾǿǣٶŸûǿߡ
ʱֹҶ𾪣ǰĴҲ͵ͣסŲӣȻҵ⣬Ȼͷŭ˭˭ţ

һڴϵ֮£֮ϵľףһϯŵС硣
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ﵽҶ죬˿̶ؿѹһʯ㴭ʵ̫ˡ
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ԭǰ벽ô˵ϼһǰ벽ˡҶ찵𾪣ǿߣѾ־־Ϊ֮У޵С
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޵ϡ٣ʮ˹ҲһָǸǼǧ궼ûгˡ


254 
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Ҷһĳʮֻ޴ƣһɹɿֲѹ˲񷣬˴أʮλٶǿ߻
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һӣ̷С۾Ŀ࣬˱һ̤գ˾һֱ֧Ҷ졣
һ죡ҶĿ棬ʩչһ֮ٶȸӿˣһɱȭݺݺ¡
ôܣû뵽Ҷٶô죬Ӧ͸ܵһӴݺݳıϡ
䣡
ձըӱҶһȭɳȥѪ硣Ҷ죬𾪡
СӣϷһԶһļİٶߣ۾һУҶһҫݣʮ𾪡
ʽҶͺһһǰһ޴̫ͼס˶Էһ
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Сס֣ǳֹҶļ߼״ɵþŭӡ
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СӣļߴŭͳҶɱ
㣡һŵĸֹҶ쵲סߡ
Ҷ״лɱٶŵǿߡ
ʵֶֻԸµİٶǿߣÿγ֣ܽնɱսԻ͡
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ϾŵĹǣһʲô£ŵĴ̫ˡ
ܣ񹦸Сôκε˴ϡһŸŭһǿ˻ʿ

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ˣ˸ǣ˴˶ˣһʱȫԪɢöǿҲֵ˴˶
ٶ˵
һǿԣʱңֻš
ģƭǵģǵ񡣡ŭһսȫٶűƵ޷˵ս˰Ȼǳģ˭ҲҴ⣬ֻȫӭս
Ȼʱٴη䡣
ٶǿߴսŶϣͻȻͷɱǳϣһ֮£õûзǳѪ˲ʧȥս
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ʱϱѣţƬ֮䣬˶ûзӦѾŵǿ߱شˡ
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ôܣҶڸǳϣ͵ؿһĻɵ𾪡
ֻżôǴϵĶ֣ǰһУ˲òš
㣡УϵŭȻҲ𾪵һĻ
ֻϴӼսѳڴϵߣһ𣬽һ˵ǿߵ
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ŻռϷ磬ڶϱ֮ǳϡ峤Ϻͼλֱʧȥսʹһ·磬аٶš
ˣϴ˿Ҳ綾֣âʱʱ֣Ȼ˹ֵء
Ѿϳ𣿡ԣЦ
ϲ鿴һǳϺ峤ϵ֮ԣʱתͷϷûв´Ӧ̽һ
̣ͫһɱŨˣȵܺãϷûȥ̣Ǿҷӽ쿪ʼ̲ݡ
ƾһ֮ˣûţܹȥ𣿡ԣЦ
ԭħʱҲ˵죬Ǽƻǰٶźƶ˰ٶ꣬űɡ
һһǿ߶ʱңǳϡ峤ϵˣϱѣ綾һϵеĴ̫ˡ
ţϼȻ̽ķô˷ϵĻҶ쵹һȻ뵽˷죬ɵȺѰ
Ƭ̣ҶڶİٶǿߵУһ˷졣
ʱ˷ҲƺӦҶ죬︡һ˿Ц⣬ɱ
һͽҶʱгɱ⣬ҲҪɱ˷졣
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ʦ𣡡Ҷ֮ɫǳϱͲϣܵϵ͵Ϯ֪̫ܵˡ
ҪģʱˡҶеĵǣǳǿЦһЦ˵סлͻΧȥҺʹϡһˣƴҲҪסЩˡǣܱסԼȥ
ʦҶ֮𣿡ҶԼ
죡ǳϵһκǳҶ죬гϣϣֻҪܹŵˣҲᶫɽԣһҪסԼΪţΪʦ㡣
ʦ𣡡Ҷ첻֪˵Щʲô˸
סΪţһҪΪֻҪΪʦҲܺЦȪˡǳ˵
ʦһΪһҪΪʡۡ񣡡ҶסǳϵƣһƬᶨ֮ɫ
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ڴʱһɿֲϢӴϱ
Ҷʱһ̫ͬһҵӣƿϵ壬˳ͷǡ
ܺáҶ죬仰޺
ġ壬ǻҪǣҶҲҪǡ
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255 Ĺ
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˫Ŀ͸ڹԣ绮նһ㣬˲ء
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壡ԭʤȯյĲԭħ˿Ҳɴ۾𾪺Ͳš
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ԭˣĹ𣿲޵Ϸòԩԭħңһ
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ҶϾֻһڸ߲ڣ޷ŴʱҶ˷Ķ֡
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ȥɣСӣ֪弶жôǿ󣡡˷켤һҵ⣬Ƴ
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ʽǵ㹥޷Ƶҵķ
Ҷϣһ£˷ٶȺɳȥ
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256 ʤ
У˷ŭ𣬲ϹҶ죬ʼ޷ͻʽķҶһһ˻ȥ
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㱼䣬Ҷ쿴һӰվڲ֮ϣ˵ͷȻš
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ͻȻŵ壬һɿֲϢС硣
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257 Ҷѡ
źͰٶһ۷ԾֿΧһЩ󿤣ڲѡ
ϵ䣬ͬһɷ籩ֿΪģϯ׹
һµʱ䣬ʤе£ŷɽţȫ嵿ϡ
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ˣҶҡҡͷҲҪ뿪ˣҪʼˣҾǰ۶
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Ǳʮ˹ѾܾûеǿˣҪǽʱֿ¡ʮڴ
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Ȼֻλһ棬Ҷ֪˾ŵʤС
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ҶݼҶ칪һ漴վ˵ؿǰǵӰ
ض񣡡ʤת¶һžסŮˣѾмˡ
㷢һ˫ӣϸϸҶһۣͻȻЦһްܣû뵽ȴ㿴ˡ֪𣬵ÿսĳϣʽġ
ŶҶüͷһ΢Щȣû뵽սλϣȻˡ
Һڹע㣬ǴϲΪͽΪͽˣû뵽ȴǳϡʤЩź̾
ҶȻû뵽ں֮ǰͿЩȡ
ˣϻ˵ˣĿģҲ֪˰ɣʤа˰֣Ц
Ҷɫһ˵ͷأҶ첻Ϊʥӡ
˵꣬Ҷ;ؿʤУܾʤУ֪Է᲻ᷢŭ
ΪʲôʤвûзŭǵЦؿҶ죬Ҷ춼Щ
Ҷ컹ֱԵһֻδҾҪ뿪׹ȥ²
־ʤ̾һг͵Цݣ漴˵ȻˣҾ͸ִϣټһȨ
ӽ쿪ʼִϣ·ŵӣϴֻҪ˲ԣ㶼ȨУڡ
ʤտտؿҶ졣
Ҷգʱסˡ


258 
峿⣬رů͡
Ҷһ·š
ִϣ
ִϣ

ӭ治ʱŵĵӣŮҶ죬һشкг˾η𾴡
ҶҲһһͷʾ⣬û԰
ҶԶһȺӲŵ̸
ҶʦڳΪִϣţһ֮֮ϣλ֮ˡ
ޣֻˣλϣһλҶʦֵʦ𣬻λͦҶʦ֡
Ҷʦֵʵǿ弶˷춼ɱˣһ񣬿ҶʦֿŽǰ

һ·üͷҶ첻Ծ䣬ǳϵס
ãϺ峤϶Ҷ쵽ɵ¶Цݡ
ôΪȶ𣿡ǳʦģһǹҶΪҲʦ
һԵ峤ϣȴӵƲƲ죬СӵԸ㻹ûȶΪܳ𣿡
ǳ΢΢һЦúƶ졣
һԵʵȥΪ£
˻һǳϺ峤϶¶֮ɫһ˹
Ҷ漴ʤе̸һһ
ϵ˶ǳԾЩɻ
һﵽڸʲôǳü
ʵϣҶҲɻʤзѾ˼Ϊ˶ȡȨȴȨ
ȻҶѾ˵˲ִϣУλ֮ˡ
ʲôıưɣ峤ЦȻǶѾ֪ϵʤѲ˹ϵ
ʤеʵ̫ǿ
⼸λϺٴܵش
£ţҪٱһδս
ϳ˼⣬˸
ǳϳƬ̣ڵʲôĿģȲμ󣬾뿪׹ȥùԺʲôĿģκβ㡣
ʵʤһСҶ죬㲻Ҫϵϵͷ˵
λϷģҶҶᶨ֮ɫ
ãϵͷʵԴʮ˹㻹ҪסһɽһɽߣǧҪǿС
ǣϣҶͷһԴˡ
峤Ҳ⣬Сˣ֪Ѳ⡣УǵˣҪնɱǧʹ⡣
ǣ峤ϣҶصͷ峤ϵĻȻЩſ񣬵ȷʵе
ʲôпܷûɽڣһֻܿҶԼ
ֵǳʱҶļŵ˵˵ģϺ峤϶˵ˣΪʦһܹΪģΪʦ𱱺ʮ˹һ졣
ʦϡ峤ϣǱأ
Ҷ칧ضλλһĲ֮顣
ȥɣһγţڷɵʱ򡣡峤ϰ˰֣˵̹Ȼмкŵ⡣
ϺǳҲһĲᡣ
Ҷٰݣҧҧתȥ
֪һ죬ֻû뵽ô졣ǳϿҶıӰᣬ̾˿
ǰĳɳٶ̫ˣһս֮ӭĽʮ˹Ҳ̾
峤ƳһۣЦⲻϣڿʼ̤ãҪ˶ãͻᳬԽǣߵһǶ޷󼰵ĸ߶ȡ
·̫ƽѡֻܿԼ
һɹġ

ǳǣҶּһЩˡ
Ѿ뿪ʮ⣬ַɡˮ衢ϼʫϡɽѩܸյˣһһˡ
ȻҲõϢҶ졣
ھ𣿵ȹʱ䣬Һʦ㣬Ҳȥ۶μӴ񡣡ܸЦ˵ǰƹض磬ֻҲû뵽ŷô飬϶ˡ
ҶЦҶԵ۶̫Ϥȹȥ̽̽·˳һ´׹ķ羰
Ҳãȵ˵۶ٻϡܸյ˵ͷ
ַʱ˹Ҷ˵Һ͸ʦ֡ʦ֡ʦ㡢ʦˣҲ׼һȥ
ţҲһҲиӦô뵽ȥ𣿡Ҷʱʵ
ˣӱѩһ·۶ʱ͡ˮЦ
ڵ۶ˡҶʱЦˡ
ֵʱСѾͷɬ˵Ϊ̫ȥ̫Σգֻ
Ҳãȥʦָ˵´λͽˡҶСԴ˵
ţ´λһΪڵģСѾͷʱЦг˼ᶨ
ˣ͵ɣλˡ
أ
ŵС⣬Ҷ쳯˱˱ȭ漴һ⣬ʧʡ
ֱҶӰʱ˲ջĿ⡣

ոա
ѩȴΪص򣬱ѩƮ񷡣
û֪ΪʲôѩĶϵܳңǵȴޱȺ䣬Ƕıѩ
Ǳѩ
ųҶһҲͣһʱ䣬̤˱ѩ
ڵٶȣֻҪһµʱ䣬ܷɹһĵ򡣡̤ŽһƬѩ磬Ҷ찵뵽
ֿ۶ҶĿǰٶȣ°֮ڣܸϵ۶
ھ񣬻һʱ䣬ҶҲŸȥ۶׼⼴·úһ
ⱱѩҶĵһվ
ò˵ⱱѩص򣬴ӶγⷬľɫҶһ̾
ף
ȻҶ쾪ȵ̧ͷǰĲ˼顣
ֻԶһҶ쾪ȵĲǲϰ壬Ȼһˡ
͹ãԽԽˣҪȱֻҪӡŲϰͷҲ̧˵
ҶϤ꣬ЦһֲҲҪӣ˵ֵܣǮɣ
ţϰһ̧ͷһʱ۾һ
Ҷ죡
ϰ壬˵ҶˣһμŵĿˣһš
ϧǣ֮ʵҲûн̭ˡ
˺꣬ҶҲûеõϢˣû뵽ξȻڱѩԵְ
Ҷ첻ɵøп֣Ц˵ô˱ѩףΪˡ
ҶȻΪڴʦ߼ɵЦ
뵱꣬Ϊʦ߼Ҷв˼顣
ٺ٣뿪źұһСľܵѩˣһõΪһٽ龳硣ҶһȲ裬ٺЦ
ȻҶѾʳˣŲ㣬̲סһ
ǺⱭ֮Ҷ͸оһһɱˬĸоȫ£ڶ⣬һĸо
ò裡Ҷ۾һƬ̺۾˼ص
˵ֵܣʲô裬Ȼܹҵ־ҾһӴﵽ۷״̬Ҷг֮ɫ
Ҹ˵õһֲҶ衣Ц˵


259 е
Ȼֺò裬вҶ𣿸׼㡣Ҷ۾һҲֱҪ
ȴЦŰڰ֣ܾûжˣʣµԼȣܸ㡣
̫СˡҶߺߵ
ЦЦҶܸ㣬ҿԸṩһϢ
ʲôϢҶ첻ʵ
ҶϢȻõΪ̫ˣֻܻһҶʵµõĺôһҪࡣЦ˵
ŶҶ۾һ˷ܵ˼˵˿ɵã
˼ҵطһʵǿ󣬻ƶЩĲҶǴҶ룬ıһء˵
Ȼܹжϳľʵ𣿡ҶʱȻҲ֪ݴ½ޱߣʲôĶС
֪Ҹоǿ֮£ҵһ֣ͽһͷڼɱµ˵
ʵģʵ򲻹ҲߣǿȥҶƬ̣ʵ
ѩɭ֣㴩ǣֱ㵽ˡ˵գһݵͼ˹
ҶϸһǱѩĵͼڵĵط뿤֮䣬ǳء
ãҲҪ·ǣǿ˳ȥлˡҶͼЦ˵
ţҲ˵˴ϢҲ׼ȥ۶μӵģǰףڡЦ
ɼԣҶЦû˿ǫ飬š
оһš
˼һԼʱ֮Ҷȥ
ţԾ
Ҷ뿪һ֮Ժһ⣬͵һ͵ͷ˻ȥ
ôɺϣԲٶһ˼ҲûУ￪ƨã
ҶаԼ׳գֻˣһ۾ܿ
ȵҶٴεִʱȴֻһƬǽ壬һ޴ӡ
ֻӸ߿иӶ£һָӡдɽô󣬽ǼҲֱ÷飬ĨƽһС
Ƭ֮УҶûҵʬ壬Ҳ˵
㵽˭ΪŴνӽң컯ǿֲӡҶü˼
뵽һκĳʱĸоһңӡ
ţٶսǴ˾תս似ʵ
һϸ˼һҶöԷһģܷѽ⡣
һӦȥƬ̺󷢳ģҾȻûиоһԪʵ֮ǿԶҵ󡣡Ҷޱ𾪡
ȥϸӦһָӡȻܵһ˾㤵Ϣڵ궼ڲ
⡭ôоϢȴϵĶҪǿĶ࣬ѵһҶʱˡ
ʵѾǿԿӵһϵʵӡȴоͬһ嫣޷ӡ
㵽˭
Ϊʲôӽң
Ҷгɻüͷ壬Զ漴𣬳ſǵķȥ
ʲôĿģһ죬һֵᷢġ
Ҷа뵽
ȥãһϤӰ̤գϢسҶԭڵĵطңңҶıӰ
ҶƺӦ͵ػͷȴʲôҲûпֻмֻ񣬷ɹ񷡣
Ҷ첻֪ҪѰҵǵӰǰһֱӰԶȥ
Ҷ죬ȴʲôҲ
ļǲ̫ԶˡǱΨһҿصıʽ;תս壬ϧ似ǲȱģҲ֪ܲɡҶıӰһ̾
¡ȻһֻӥգײƺûиоҲƾӥײ塣
漣һĻˣǸӥ·ûʲô赲һֱӴ߿ա
Ӱ򽥽ɢΪǹ⣬ʧڲ֮ϡ
Ҷ֪һĻһޱ𺳣ΪǿߣҲֶΡ

ѩĿǣѷɫֿĿǣӵΰ׳ۣڼʶǵΰ֮Ҷڴ˳ǣҲֻ΢̾һ¡
ҪʼˣǱѩ꿡ܣѾ۶ֻʣ´ӻûȥˡ
ϴλ˺ܴŭҲ֪ʲôԭֱӰԼڶûг
ꡪС㣬鲻ܴȥҳԲ˶ߡ
Ҷڳſڣʿ̸ɵ΢΢һЦ
ѩĴӣǵڿǽѵһٵܺܺΪѵһ٣ŰԼ˵ġ
ҶֻЦЦ߽ţ˼ҿջס¡
ɫ׼ٳ
Ҷ첻֪ǵʱһŵĽʿĿ˸ıӰӻóһŻ
ɫǳۣ洫ӵı־һѪģҲԣˡʿҶıӰһۣתȥ

ܺڷȾƣϳ˷ŭͲʣһɫϵӣĶ棬ҡͷ̾Ϣ
أ
ʱ
ܺ
֨ſһʿ˽һ񣬵°ݼʹӡ
˵ɣʲô飿ϵȻǱѩĿۣҲܺĸס
ܺʱ̧ͷǽʿͫ׶ʱһ㣬ѵ
ӣעˣոѾ뿤ǣջסˡʿ˵
úãܺһӣɷ
ôע˭ЩʵԴϴδֿ֮󣬱һֱƲ֣񶼲ȥμˣǳġ
Ҷ죬ŵ洫ӣϴֿңʮǼһǰݺݶܺʹ޵˵
Ҷ죿ҲжţʵǸ˷졣۶ʱȻѹӻһֱƲ֣ԭί
Ҳ֪ܺȵؿۡ
źӣЦȥֿãҾʹӼǵ⿤õϢҶСӣǴչǳأѹܹ㡣
ߣ֮Ҿʲܺߵ
Ҳ򵥣ϴ󹩷Ǻ󣬾Ͱɱ֪˭Ҳ֪ġЦ˵ûһɱ˵ȥĻȴ˺䳹ǡ
㲻µŵǸ𣿡ܺɵؿԼĸףûҪҶ죬ֻЩӵܣ֪ŴϵĿֲԼѣһֱš
ò˵𱱺ʮ˹ϵǿߣ֪
޵£ǿߡ
ЩһֱԼȴǴһ¡Ц
ʲô£ܺʵ
ŵĴ죬ˡ˵
ʲôܺ


260 
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ҶϥľϣһתѪħһоѪն
Դһιۿϵ֮ƺŵؽ似һնɱ弶˷졣
Ҷֻ֪Ǹո似Сɶﲻ
ҶĹ˼ɣܹ似Բ磬ôǿĿ¡
꣬Ѫħǿ似ʮСڰ벽磬ԽնɱһӶ¡
ҶţֻҪܹ似Բ磬ôֻһԺбʮ˹Цˡ

峿Ҷһ˫ڵӣ͸ľâ
֮ơԭˡҵʮС磬Ȼ̺ҪȫȴǳѡֻһɴƣЩһȥѪն
Ҷ찵뵽
ʱоҵѪնͻƿڣؼ֮ơ
ν֮ƣǿӵеһɡơʵһߣӵԼġơʵԽǿߣ䡰ơԽǿ
ǿߣ۾һɣϢ嶼ˣΪϵġơѹסˡ
ǣǿߵġơߵġơҪˡ
ǿߵġơΪ֮ƣ׹Ĺȣһߣ£졣
֡ơǳ£֮һϺͲԭħӣֱӾͱɱˡ
ȻҶҲǲ֮ƵġֻϣܹУõԼơľϣԼõؽʮС
ƵãûʲôҪ򣬱˶ﲻֻܿҶԼһһо
ԣЩ죬ҶĽûмʱ䣬ܽѪնСɾ硣
΢΢̾˿ҶѪҴϴһ㣬뿪ջŶֱжȥ
ݷǳأҶ컹ԸҲǿ벻ջ
ֵһ͵͵ҶıӰֹʲô
磬˵ǶСӸʲôӣҲǺҪֱӽСˡ˵ˣһߣֻ۾
ƾ㣿ЦҰɣѵûп·𣿡Աһ´Դһ£漴Ц
·ʲô𣿡߲˵
ûʲô洫ݵ·Ҳ˵ŵ洫ӡЩɵ洫ӣһһƾСǵʵ˵ס˼һȭͷ´󺺳
ǲһɵ洫Ҳֻھ磬ôҲһ弶ǿߣͲŴ򲻹ߣŵ
ǵ³˳ȥԣӵ˼׼Ǻ֣˿ɱû㡣´Ц
ǻˣûзԸôжǿӵɡڨڨ
߰ɣǼȥ´󺺲ٶԣкһȺУҶԶ
ֵĽֵϣҶоһǷһĨЦ
ȻңⱱѩǸ⣬ҲûеˣǱˣϣԼߣ
Ҷɫ䣬򶫳š
ڼߣӲ־ӦڸƬ̺󣬾ͱˡ
ҶѾˣѩĿҲֻΪ˵δزսʤ
ԣ֪ܺ˸ԼҶҲû⡣ڵʵֻҪ߼ϵǿߣ˭Ȼη塣
СӺ׼ǣǶţҶߣ۾һУڵóһۡ
ȥӣڶſڻϡ´˵գתȥ
߼Ҷ졣

ܺؿǰڵϵ´󺺣׼Ӷųȥûп
ӣһֱҲûȥֱӳŶŵķȥԲ²Ҫȥš´󺺹˵
ܺãȥͰɣܺ˻֣оһ
лӣ´Դϲ漴¡
ţ
Ȼȥ۶μӴ񣬿ϧ㾹Ҵҵĵ·ǵ찡ߡ
ܺ۾˸űĺâ
ƿӣתһȣһ⣬˴š
һϵмŮЦ
ܺüͷһ壬漴ָԭƿ˽ȥ
һ׷ͯյߣͼŮϷȫһĻ档
ϣѾõϢСӼǣϸһˡܺǼŮӣǰߣ˵
ŶСôͳҲգϷһˣƥˣһŵ洫ӣɱҲɱˣٺ١
Цţ漴·ܺһͬ뿪˳
ʱ֮Ǿ˶ţҿ˸ո߳ŵҶ졣
ӣһܺʱ۾һæ
֪ˣȥͰɡܺͷػ˻֣漴ߵæǣΪǿҶѾڿնȥա
˶ţܺ߼ӿٶȣҶ
ҶٶȲǺܿ죬ת˼򣬳һƫƧĵطȥȵһʱ֮ͼٶȣͣһò棬Ȼת
ףСĪǷ˲ɣһ䰵Ʋ֮Уܺɫɵؿߵߡ
ܣƺͨһʲôܷǡ߼ᶨҡͷ
ƣԴһ似˵ⲻ似һСͨѡֻصԪģ³ƵӣΡ
ƣһ߼ǿߵ׷ɱԴƺġ
ܺɣΪûз˵㻹ûϢļſ㶼Ҷ֣ڳ˳ǣ㻹Ҷ֡һ򣬽û˵ĵط㻹ʧʱдҶ
ܺԣʱ㶡
㲻˵ûз𣿡ҶĻܺѪɵŭؿߵߡ
⡭⡭ߴʱǳΣղ֤Ҷ췢ֲˣû뵽ϾͱҶˣһ죬ӻģ·汻ҶһƵġ
ȥɣȻˣǾɱܺߵ
һСӣϷǰӲ˵ġҲɱ⡣
ȻҶŪһΣɱˡ

ɢȥӰҶС
ԭֶλҿԭܺСӴһ弶ǿߣѹôߺߣ
ҶŶӰЦ
ʵղŲûзܺˣֻƾž飬թһˣû뵽ܺ˻ϵˣֱǰ׳һԡ
֪Ҷ룬»Ѫ


261 ѩɭ
Ҷ죬·㲻ߣ㴳Լߺߣ
УܺһЦɱ
Աߵߣ˫֣һƮƵӡ˫۾΢΢͸ĮмĹâ
׳յԴģҶöԣֱָǹ˹ָЦɱǣһҪ·𵢸ҵʱ䡣
⻰һ䣬ûܺݺݵصҶ죬Եɭϣ²ҪɱҪֽĥ
ϷҲִ㣡ЦȻҶĿ׼ŭˡ
¡
һ߻һ䣬֣һƺ񷣬ѹաӴԪӿȣǧ
ԶԶȥһ޴ƣҶѹ
֪ŵӣҲǰʹƷŵǳ֣֮Ҳ˶֪Ҷ״һЦһգѹ񷡣
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ǳֵ֮ȷƾСӣܹӳʵȻʶŵǳ֣֮η壬һɣԼľƣҶǳ֮ײȥ
䣡
ɽһľײ˾Ҷǳ֣֮ǿƵػľƣ߼ײ
ⲻܣߵɴ۾ɵþ
ԶܺҲ𾪣֪һλ弶ǿߣһƣҲɱµκߡ
ѵҶʵѾԽ
ܺЩľ뵽
СӣϷСˣղֻ̽һ£㿴Ϸʵߴһ弶Ԫʱһȭͺ䱬ǳ֣֮ӲҼɱҶ졣
Ͼ弶ǿߣߵʵȷС
Ҷû˿⣬йâһѪʱ֣˸űѪ⣬ڵâ֮䣬γһ޴̫ͼҶǰ
䣡
ߴſµĹݺݵײ̫ͼϣ˷·ײһƬȹ⻬ƽһ˵˲䱻жΧǿķؿһƣѪ
ô£д󾪣֪ʲô£ֻоһεҲǰá
µȥɣҶһѪٶȱֲѪ⣬һѪɫ񷣬ֱߡ
Ѫ
磡
ն
ͬʱһĴȣҶΧʮ޴С磬̫ͬһ㣬˳ҵĹâ
һ˲䣬һƬңޱȵĹԣõԶս̲ܺס۾
һ˭Ҳ޷ӵľ޴Ѫɫâ񷣬˺գһɾâݺݵشͷϷ¡
ߴܵвڣû뵽Ҷʵôǿаܺʮ˴һ顣
һжˣǵޱ貵Ѫɫâ֮£ûһ赲ֱӱݿһն롣
ʺ;˻ţһжͽ޹ؿǳҵѪ⣬˶ڻˡ
һѪܵԴܺ͵ĿУ䵽ĻУɺѪҺһ˶Ⱦˡ
֮ϣһƬѪ£ҲȾա
һĬֵ֮ܺضеԴŵûΪѪܵԴ棬ߵһ˫ӣޱԹ޵ص
ֵˡҶһһεѹõܺеϢֺ;
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ôƫƧɱ㣬˭֪ɱġҶЦһֻƣֵܺĿУ
һɿֲԪ漴Ҷϱϯա
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Ҷ״ŭ޴ǳ֣֮һӾͽܺ˽ס
ٺ٣ɱңҸŹġʶĸϽңҿļͷȻԷΪһһܺЦ
ɱ
ҶɫĮ޶ԣһѪգܺĲӴһ
ܺͫһϵЦݶʱסˣҶ죬ƺţҶɱ
ͣ
һ죬ܺԴ£ĲӴһѪȾ˲񷡣
ϵˣҲɱ󣬸ο㣬ߣҶҡͷЦ漴ѪܺϵĶһɨ⣬Ȼͼѩɭּɶȥ
ǣ
ڱĿޡ
ţ𡭡ͻȻ۾ǿ־ӶʱԶʣһƬѤ̻
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䣡
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֮УȻѪȵζɫأĿ⳯·ȥͫ׶ʱһ漴

۸£ǱѵĴϣһѪܵͷʬ壬Ա߻һϤԴԼһصѪ⡣
ôܣôۼŭģХ̲סһѪǿƣһ쫷磬ŰأΧһƬ򶼱ˡ
㱨ģ
Ҷ죡
۴Ʒһܺʬ֮󣬱Χ׷Ѱ
ȻѾʱȥˣﻹҶİӰӡ

ѩɭ֡
̵ɭ֣һÿøߴĲ񷣬Ӱ˻ġ֦ϣҶ䣬һֻֻСڻš
Ҷ̤Ƭɭ֮󣬶ʱˡ
ѩıѩǣһƬ⡣
ȻȻһɭ֣ⲻò˵һ漣
ѹֻᱻѩɭ֣֣ɭ滹ѩ澹ȻûаѩҶľȡ
̧ͷ죬ʱȻѩѩ䵽ôʱͺȻڻˡ
һεɭֶˣ赲ЩѩƮ䡣Ҷ찵뵽Խеˣɭ֮Уʲôܣ
ǿҵĺģҶ㼸£һݣ㳯ɭȥһƬȸ

ҶʱǸ֮ǰ̤ٵ֦Ȼһ£ȻһһѸ£ڴϴһƬҶ衣
ͬʱһ𶶶һž޴ΧʮòƷˡ
ϸȥ棬һ޴ѷ죬˵۾һ͸űĹâضҶȥķ


262 
ïʢɭ֣һƬ̲Դ䣬ɽּ䣬ʱȸɹƬɭֿ
ε˰Ҷ죬ȴǾɵط֣Ƭɭ֮УһЩȸ֮һЩСҰ֮⣬Ȼûаֻ޴ڣһҰޣҲûС
Ҷкɻ󣬰˵ôһƬɭ֣˵ޣҲһЩɽֻŶԡ
֣Ҷüͷɭȥ
֪ΪʲôҶΣٵĸоһֱԼֱ
Ҷ첻׼ܣŵʵԵֵһΣ
ȥҶ쿴һ޴бȣɽ֪ͨҲ֪ʲô
бȿԼʮףɽһ޴ѷ죬Χ٣ʪ̸䣬ͺ֦ǧٹ֣Ҷż׺֦ϡ
Ϲʯᾣ޵ĹǺżܿͷѪδɣմڹǷϣƸӲãȳζ֮Ż
治һֻ޴ڰɣҶ첻ɵþȣղƬɭôһֻҲûУڿҲǱбеĴ޸Թˡ
ҶӺˣϾһСɭ֣˵Ӧкܶࡣ
ʲôĴޣȻܹԹôͬࡣ
ǿҵĺģҶոߵҲ£ֱӳŴϿȥӭһɼȳζûѬ
Ҷ˿ȴûж˼סӣǰһУ˲סˡ
ȥб֮ڣȻж죬һ޴ĵ磬Ҷߣ¶׳ۡ
ϣɭȻ׹ǣĻѩҲ֪ж
Щ׹棬մѪ⣬Ӧȥûá
磬ʮôӴ󣬵ȫ˰׹ǣ棬֨֨
ľͷһþӨ͸ı׹ǶѻɽĴϣҡҷѤˣ·ڻӭҶƵġ
ʲôҶижĪ𺳣޾׹еıš
֨֨һϤĽҶĶУСС˳Сſˮһ˫ĵ۾ǰһƬɫҶӡ
˵Ҳ֣ñҶӶǱɫģΨƬҶǽɫģɧռͷȺҶ
ҶȻ֪ñǿСӣʱµƬҶӲǷһʲôĵر
£Ҷʩչһ죬˲žӨ͸ıǰһѾժƬɫҶӡ
һ̣һɼȵΣ͵شҶ
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ҶæСбȥǺܿ죬һִĳ٣˷ϯҶ·
ͬʱһִ֧ɣưצĴһ˺գһ˾㤵ϢҶɱ
ʽҶо˼ΣҲ룬ȡսʩչʽԼ
䣡
޴ɣȻȵҪܱҶʽסˣһǿҶɳȥ
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Ӧþ˵ǿˣû뵽ʵô̬²߼Ҷ찵𾪡
һӳбȣҶ̳𣬳ѩɭȥٺǿս
Ҫ֪ǲΪƬɭսҶ춼Ҳı壬ƨ
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ݣ
һ⣬Ҷֱ񷣬ɭ֮⡣
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һ˲䣬ɭֶˣһÿò˲񷣬һҶ켤
ҿҪңѩɭ֣İɣҶзһƬڣȡϵıʩչʽԼס
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Ҳ
һɭְһþ޴ޱȵ
ԶԶȥһӴ񷣬Ӵ֮ǰҶ쿴Щϵ֦ѡ
ɾڴ棬ïʢ֦˵һÿòѩѩɭ֡
أҶ뵽һţڱѩѩɭһɣеߣΪֹûһܹӳġ
ڿЩȥߣɱˡ
Ҷ۹⿴ֱˣ߼ʵѩҲһĶ֡
µǣ̫ӴģȱѩĿǻҪӴô޴վɱ㶼ɱ
ķ߼֮УʽҶ춼еһˡ
Ȼ츳˼츳Ľġ
Ҷ죬ԭҶͻȻҶһŭĴͷһӣޱϣ׼ɱ
ӣһҶǰľ޴ʱ۾Ӷɳˡ֮ǰҶһ֮ͣС
⡭𺳵˵
Ҷԣ˷ۣܿҿһŶԡ
˵֮ǰӵĺҶͲ³ݣܺĸףѩĿɡ
ڿѾ֪ɱܺһ£׼ء
СӣţҲὫʬҡصҶһۣȻתӣٶҶ춼ޱȾȡ
Ҷĵؿ۵ıӰһﻹǵСõһȻôƵˡ
ڱ֮ҶҲתӣͲҺս
۵֪Ҷ뷨»ᱻôСӲҲƵ
û취̫ˣһλ˼ǿߣڶʱɱҶڵʵǿսǿߣʽ޵зǿ߻˲Ա֤ܡ
ǣһҶҲֻܰȾܣû֮ս뷨
ৣ
һ޴Ĵ֣˷Ҷ۵·޴ӡ
Ҷ쵹һ㣬ͣʩչһ죬ٶȷǳ죬һ޴Ĵ֮䣬ȥ
۾ͱˣӵһ·ʱ򣬱ҶһѪն˻ȥ
ۣŭҶ챰޳ܣ˾ͱһ޴Ĵֲסˡ
ֻһըҶͷһ۵ķĬһӷ𡱺󣬼ȥ
۵˲ٴֵĹҶ˲ѹ


263 һҶ
¡¡
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ҶͷȥۣʱЩסûлѳˡ
ңҶ뿪Щֶ˼׷ɱҶ죬ǳۼȥ
·㲻ߣ㴳Ҷҡҡͷ֪Ǳˣʵǰ㲻ʲô
գҶ첻ᣬ׼뿪
ڴʱԶһһߴӵϷ𾪵ؿǿ
Ҷһɵ÷ǰȭѯʵǰ֪𣿡
Ϊһ۾ͱҶ쿴ˡ
Сֵܣǰ⡮ǰֿɵðԣɵЦղſۿҶǴǲ㴥ѳģʵ˦ʮˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ÷
Щ̾ؿǿϲ˲˼飺ûпӦþǴ˵е׹Ҳֻһöѡ
Ҷʱȣ֮ǰҲг֣ôҲͷ𳶲Ϲϵɡ
Ҷ첻ɵɻؿߡ
ֻ߼˵ֻǴ˵СѲ֪ҲҲǻһ֪ͣġԣںܶǰһλħͻƵһ̣ҲħɱĻᣬճɾص
ʵЩħǿˣңҶӣݲ裬֮áˣϣӦûһƬɫҶӣҶ˷ݲȥԴĻᣬĹЧһӵ˵
Ҷ۾һû뵽ƬɫҶӣȻĺôһҪԿ
ڴʱҶһҺˡ
߶ʱЩ澹Ȼˣ
ŶһȥǿߣҶװģ̾Ϣ
Ҳ̾Ϣһϧˣû˾żʵ޷Ը
»飬ȸˡҶеɻõ𣬵²ٶ˱ȭԶȥ
ɫǳۣŵ洫ӣȻʵѵ˷죿۾ЩؿҶıӰ
ʱźͰٶŵĴսϢûȫ뱱ѩǲ֪˷ѾȥϢ

һ߷壬ֱ
Ҷ⿪һɽȻУʼ衣
˵裬гڴ֪νĶǲǻͻƵ

һȪҶƣӰУȻƬɫҶӣҲС
֮ҶһƲ㣬ʱţƮС
ԼʱԽԽŨɽ
Ҷҿǣʱ˱ǣ֮һֻڣŽɫҺ壬˸ĹΪء
ñҶϲҲ̣Ų죬͹һͽеҺȫȹˡ
Ҷ껹á
ȻأҶоԴһ·һգڶ𾭣ʱƵա
ҶĪظе־һʶȻ߸߷𣬾ͷ·ˣһ
ǣţҶ쿴һƬڵ磬ǿաǳҫ۶Ŀ·ںڰ֮Уһյյƹ⡣
Ҷ챻һĻˡ
ǣ𾪵Ļں棬һ޴ѪɫâӺڰ񷣬ǿն롣
ҶԶԶȥޱ𺳣·𿴵һѪɫӣ񷣬ض档
Ѫ硪նҶ쿴ԼǸҶ족ֳսһֱ񷡣ֲĵâ˺գضսڵľϢ
䡭
ҶؿԼ޾Ѫɫâûʶɢ
Ҷ۾Ѿ˵Ĳɵһ̾
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ҶԼڣǿߣҲӮˡ
߼ϵǿߣûܹвˡ
⻹ѪնСɾ磬Ǵɾ磬ǴԲ磬ôһ߼ǿҲֻܶܡ
գҶ컳ż飬뿪ɽŵ۶ķǰ
뿪˱ѩ֮Ҷ˶ǿ
׹ĵ۶ܻž޴ĻǺӣ˵ǻǺӣʵͳûʲôֱ𣬷ǳĹ޴
ڻǺӵķĸ󿤣λٶģǶǿ
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ʮүһƽ֮£ǳŮΪֹ͡칫
һһ䣬£׹Ϊ˫
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ˣλ칫ǳսöǿһûһǿ꿡ܲġ
ȵλ֮󣬸Ǵ˶ǿõܵһЩ󿤵꿡ܣ̵
λ칫ȫһȭһŴģûнʮү磬νһ漣
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ʱҶǿǵһҾ¥УΧߵġ
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ֵܣ˵ûֹڰٻ¥磬׼㳤칫С
У
ǰɣ㶼֪Ҫʼˣλµĳ칫϶Ҫȥμӵġ
Ŷҵ¿Ҫȥôϯ¿ǵ꿡ܶ˰ɡ
ֹǿǣһЩ꿡ܣϹˣ׼ͳ칫һǰ۶

¥֮УԶϢĵط
ҶΧߵ̸ۣıλڰٻ¥顣ʵϣڽ뿤ǵʱѾ·ߵ߿еõϢ
񣬾ʼֻʣ°ʱˡ׹ص꿡ܣﲻسŵ۶
У꿡ܣҶһʱסⶫǿĿС
Ҷǵʱ򣬵õϢֹһ޴ս׼ǵ꿡ܣ㳤칫һȥ۶
Ȥ֪ⶫǿ˳칫⣬ЩǿߣҶĿһһƣˣ뿪Ҿ¥
ÿÿԶһֱײĿǸո߳¥Ҷ졣
ļ񣿸Ͽ棬һλ꣬ųޣҶǳ


264 ۷ۻ
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󷽴ͷĺһҶշѹ
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Χһֵϵˣ׷Ȼ֪λṫӵ赲
ҶҲ׼㿪鷳
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˵գĹӣһ˦ֱӶҶ״¡
ҶʱȻŭѾÿˣԷȻôƣֱҲ̫˷ˡ
ǳԼ˦ıӣҶһţһֻɫƣݺݵץסӵһˡȻӳĺ棬һֻֽץס
䣡
ĹӣûзӦ㱻ϵһɾ޴ɳȥݺݵˤڵϡ
ͬʱҶһ̶ֻ֣ͷͷȴôҲͣ
һ󾪺ĿɿڴҲ̫ǿ˰ɡ
𡪡ĹʱŭصҶ죬һ֣ӿʮߣҶɱ
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Ҷ۾еķ϶һ⣬ʩչһ죬˲䴩һߣǸṫǰ
㡭ʲôĹӶʱһʧ룬û뵽Ҷٶô졣
ſСӣһҲҼҶɱ
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͵ǶǸˡҶǣһ仰ﳤȥ
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ĹӼ״ûðɣŭ
ΧһȺߣҲĿɿڴǻûôǿˣСӵ
ʲô
ȥ׷
ĹӶߵһߴ
һ߿ЦҶʵôǿǾ׷ʲôáǿɲҷֻӲͷƤ׷Ҷȥ
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쿪ʼˣ˭֪˶꿡ܣֻǲ֪꿡ܣҲ̫˰ɡ
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˵СӺôҲһλʮ۷ǿߣЩҲȻ¾ʹˣʵϵġ

ΧȺۡ
ĹɫһףȺ𣺡ʲôߣ
˵գҲҶ׷ȥ
ݣ
Ҷͺһ棬ǳ泩ת˼ֵܿһ޴ľ¥ǰ
ٻ¥
ҶҶ֪Ŀĵˣ߽ٻ¥
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֣ôûҪҶһɻ󣬲ҲЩңϾǲûյʲô
ιιιƾʲôҽȥȻſڴһ
Ҷٴλͷȥһ꣬һʿס
ǸԸˣûˣǲȥʿޱ飬Į˵
ҷſҲû𣿡ȻָҶ졣
ʱΧȺҲҶ졣
һЩ꿡ܣҲؿҶ졣
Ҷһ㶣Ȼû뵽鷳ԼûΪҲ֪ԼΪʲôóʾ
ֻʿԣؿһָۣһԵûпСӵλСӵ˵óʾ𣿡
ʱȻڨڨص˵ͷȥ
ҶȴǿЦãû뵽Լȴǻôֻǣ֪ǸСӸ᲻ʲô鷳
·ƣλ̨ˡ
ʯ̨

ʱһЩ꿡ܶҶʹϵȻΪҶݷǷ
Ҷֻòٶ룬Щ꿡ʶ
ϲЩ꿡ܣпǵģд
Ҷһȥ඼εǿߣʣµ͵Ҳʮǿߡ
һ۷ۻᡣ
Ҷ찵ԾǣһǿߣѾԾˡ
һǿ洦ɼˡ
⣬Ҷ컹˲ļǿߣֵ̫ˡ

ٻ¥ںܴ߹һʯ·ҶһͥԺСѾۼ˰ʮλ꿡ܣһе飬
Ҷһλ£ϵˮһСѾͷмؿҶһۣ·ڿƵģ粻ͳԵ㶫ôΣ
쿴ǶȻȺһ
Ҷתͷȥſһɧ
ţҶ쿴һλڷɢ̤ΰ׳˶һѩŮð⡣
Ҷ˶٣һӴϢȴҶеľ
һλǿߣұǸۻҪǿ󣬲۷ˡ
ǿʵҶڶϣҲҪѾһ˼սʤ
Ǵ׹ĿһͿһλǿߣ˵ʵ׹һжǶˡҶ찵뵽ɵһ󣬸ڴˡ
󣬴ΧȺ̸ۣҶ֪ݡ
Ƕǿһӵܣң׹ǿ
ٳһѾʵڶǿһռݵڶλӡ
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ҶʱҲ֪λ칫ʵһ߼ǿߣǽü𺳰
Ҷ֮̾ʱſٴһɧһĹӣ˽ͷĹˣȿҶʱʱ
ãҶɫһ䣬Ĺӣ֮ǰˡ
ٲһ鷳ˡ
Ҷ첻ɵü
˱ӵܵҰĹӣһҶ죬ͨ죬ŭ
Сӣôˣһ꣬ĿһܵĹߣѯʵ
ãҵҵץסݺݽѵһ١Ĺ۾һæ˵
Сӷģ˵ȵĳΪˡ뽻Сӣһ˿ϲɫתͷؿҶ졣
СӣԼҪԶ֣
Ļδ䣬һƻҶպԴ
ʱĽõΧһ˵ɴ۾Ŀɿڴ


265 ¶ʵ

ŴԼƻ⣬һ㿡ŵףʱŤĲΣŴͣش
Ҫɱ㡣
һϬĽâ񷣬µͬ嫺һϯ
ҶӶȥɱ⣬һâƾ졣
ɱҵǿûзߣԶĹӴȵ
ΧһĿɿڴҶĿУ
СӵμۻᣬҪĵ
Сӷģ˱ɡЦгâɣâһƬ籩ҶŰ
ҶĮתս壬վԭأɽһ˫ɫƣգǰץȥȻûд˺㡣
ŰǹɿֲĽ籩˶ʮǿ˵ҲǶǿһ꿡ܣѾλʵڶǿŽǰʮ
˲֪˭СӵӴ򲻹˵
УޱߵĽ籩һƬڵĺˮҶһûˡ
ֲƺƵϯռ䡣
𺳣޲𾪺ˡ
Ȼһ־ǾУȻҶһɱҲ֪һҪֺСӣúϹϵ
䣡
ʱҶоⱬ䣬һ˫ɫƣȻ࣬ɽǰ赲н籩Ű
ͬʱҶһ죬ӳУһȭǴɽһȭͷųҵĽ⡣
־ŭû뵽Ҷʵôǿ󣬲סһ˷еܵơ
ףһӭȥҪҶȭͷöԷԸóһڶ
ȻƬ̣ɫЦݾˡ
ҶǽɫȭͷӲޱȣһɽУ䣬ȴûаˣȻͣأ
ֻţг
ɫȭͷҫ۶Ŀɢɹâ޼ɵֱײݿһغͷ
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䣡
ûκ֣һǿɳȥѪҲֱֻʹңͣг𾪺Ͳš
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ΧĿɿڴû뵽ȻȻꡣ
˶𾪵ؿҶ죬һλǿ߰ǿŽǰʮȻһȭش
ĹӣɫҲһ漴ѿŭ㱾̫ñʧˡ
˻һɫ䡣
𣬽˫һƬ죬̧еĳɢųҵĹâһɿֲԪϺƵϯ졣
ԶԶȥһ޽ϿաΧҫϣһϬĽвŰ
Ѿ޽аٶɸߣΪˣ·һɽɢžâ
˵һ֪ıĽ˵ĽģĽ۶ɡ
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Χвǿ꿡ܣҲ¶ɫ
ҶһȻûȫ֣Ҳ¶Լļʵǹǿƣʱõڳ꿡ɫһ䡣
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ŭͷϿյľ޽ݺݵ£Ƿڵһ㣬Ƶӣ
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Χڶ꿡֣ŵסӴನҲ˺Զһʱ¶֮ɫ
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Χɫ죬һǿߣǾȻʶҲ֪Ǹ꿡ܡ
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Ҷ΢΢ʧԱ˵칫ͳֹˣССӵҪùˡ
ҶʱüСӣĪǾʮүСӣҲǳͳֵĵܵܣ
ʱе鷳ˡ
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㣬۸ңһܻߺ
ΧˣʱһͬؿҶ졣
Ҷüͷ΢壬ؿǰλѾ˺ˡ
λĵʱԣ˲͸ıˣǿ꿡ܣ׷λ
СӵĺõȺһ˶Ҷ졣
λüͷһ壬һ˽һ꿡ܣѯ龭ԱһλҲţɵþȵؿҶһۡ
λ˹һģһ꿡ܣ·һɴƣҶ춼̲סһɫĮˡ
λմֹʵ
ΪɴҶ쿴ɫܿµţҶ졣


266 һս
⣬˱ԼҲᱨԼʦšһʦҲԽʦŵƣѹ
ν˫ȭ֣һ˶⣬ûǿʦŵ壬ʱᱻ۸
ⲻһҶ챨ŵţڳ꿡ܣɫһ䡣
߼ĳ칫Ҳһ˿أӺؿҶ졣
ԭŵĸͽֹɫһЩΪ֣صؿҶ죬ҶӣŵѾˣ˵ܵܵΪͷ֪Ƿʵ
Ҷ찵ЦûбŵţλͲѯˣֱӶˡ
ò˵ϵ׹Ǻܴģŵ˾֪
ϧǣѾˡ
ǣΪҶ·Ŀ죬Ϣûдǿǻ֪Ѿ˵Ϣ
Ҫ֪ЩɵǴϣţУһСѡ
Ψӵдϵţ׹ɵĶû˴ϣЩУûôߵĵλˡ
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һ䣬Χ˶ƿһأҶ졣
λүδҲˣλǰôš
˵СڿǵȷãƽҲûǳʲô˾ᷳ棬Ҳüƽϡ
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𣿡ҶĮؿ칫г⣬ЦҪ֪ԭԵҸһʣʱô˿š
󵨣
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Ա߼λǿ꿡ܶʱŭȵ
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ЩǰǳҶ꿡ܣʱڨڨҶԣֻһĿ⣬Ҷʱ򣬳˷ŭЦ䡣
ֹʱ˵ˣҶӣĻˡӦҵܵܵĴҲѵ±һ˰Σ
㣡һԵٽܶʱˡ
ס죡ֹһۣǳʲôԸһλƭңھ͸һȥ˼
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Χ˷ǳȣû뵽λȻôŹҶˡ
ǳֹҶ򿪿޵
һԵĳ칫ŭȵʲô˼˵Ҳ𣿡˵գһ߼ƣ˶оһ͡
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öһ٣Ҳǽǣ֪кܶ꿡ڴ˾ۻᣬʶһ¡ǲӭңҶĳҲǲʶȤˣʹ˸ǡ
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֪λϹӣǲҲһ磿Ҷ쿴Χ꿡ܣʵ
֪˵Щʲôһս̫죬Ƕû뵽Ҷôǿһƾʹ弶
ȻûУôҶĳȸˡҶûۣתȥ
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267 
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ﲻ俤ҲֿǴ׹Ķǿ죬ۼĳ˶ǿ꿡⣬꿡ܡ
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ҶֿµõǴϵ洫ɣ

Ҷ֮󣬲꿡ܹкò˵һʵ磬ѾԼʵȡЩ꿡ܵͬ
ȻҶ챾ʵ֮⣬Ŵϵ
ҪбҪʵʵţȻ˭Ҫύһ¡
ҶҲ߲ܣЩ꿡ܻʶνһѣһϵû׼Ժõõ
룬һѣܱȶһҪõöࡣ
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뼸ոʶ꿡һ棬Ҷ䣬Щ˵̸ۡ
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壬۶죬˲űǴ׹һҡ˵Ǹ壬ǰûһʵ¶ӽˡ
ǳ칫ҲǶˣռݵӦò⡣

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ǰֻֿƫһ磬ǶС֡
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Ҷʱ˹ȥڲԶһŰԱߣ칫ֹλ˵ǿһ꿡ܡ
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ͬ꿡ܣ֮Ҳֲεģһµһ𣬶칫Щǿ꿡ܣͬһӡ
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룡λ꿡ҲҶƱһսҲСֻļǿߡ
Ҷ֣Ҹһ£λҲʶˣλֱѫԡѩɡɽֹҶİˡ
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˵ʵܹڵʮһѾܲ
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ֹݸһЦҶ͵Ҷ֣ô񶼸㲻˵Ǳʮ˹һǴ׹ֻһְѣ˵Ǵ׹Լ񡣡
ڴλеһϣֻڵʮһ˵ͷ
ԭˡǸ»δǹªţλЦˡҶʱȻ
ҶûгȥӵһʵҪ˶ã棬֡Աһ꿡Ц
Ŀһ¶һ˿мܿͱˡ
˵ĲҲܿҶֹ֡Ц˵ҶּȻûгôСŮӾ͸һ°ɣǱʮ˹ÿһһʮ˸ÿĵһΪ𣬲ᣬΣӶʮ˸
˵ʮ˹ȻЩʵ棿Ҷʱ𾪡

˵Ƕһƺ¶ԼԹ˵˵ÿпܽȻҲʹŸʵҲûŴ
Ǹ׼ģЩˣҲֻڸԵһ˵
Ҷͷ˽ˡ
ͬʱҲ˶ǵǿһӣ棬Ҳֻڵʮһλ
ǰʮλǶôǿ
Ҷ첻


268 ۶
񣬲Ǳʮ˹ţ̨ϧǸ񵥣ֻʮ˿ȥ̫ˡֹ̾
ҲĬȻͷǵ̨ڴֻ棬ǲͷųҫ۵Ĺâ
Ҷ֣˵Ĵߺ콾𣿡һ꿡ܺȻʵ
ҶҡҡͷЦֱֻ˵ɣⶫǿСԶĵطˣʶŰ
Ҷֲˣʵⱱʮ˹ȥãЦ˵
һԵĳֹΪˣӹ磬˵Ĵߺ콾ǰλĴΪ콾֮ܽѾվ˱ʮ˹һ۷塣
ҶȻĴߣ콾һҪǿöࡣ
ΪʵһҲһˡ
ڿ̫ˣʮ˹ôǿţô֮ӹݴ½أ
Ҷ쵽ڣʼռһ㣬ǾӴıʮ˹ݴ½Ҳƫһż
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˲̸ΪǲǿԿӵ̨ʼ̸һǿߡ
Ҷصס˼ˣԺǶ֡
ۻ֮󣬳ֹλ꿡һǰ۶ҶͬˣⱾǵĿġ
ҶһЩոʶѸȻһҿջס¡
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Դնɱ˷֮ҶȻһֱڱǿȴһѹȸУûеֱ˷Ƽĸо
Ȼ죬ڵ֪ôǿ֮еǹɾΥļȸУٴγˡ
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ѪնС֮Ҷ콫ģŵѪħʹϴĵ֮С
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ѪħȻҲ˵ĸ򣬵ȴûдôϸû̫ͼ֪·ѡ
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峿һҾ޴սӳڿն𣬷ϸ߿աǣеľ񣬶档
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ͬʱ޴ս䣬һƬ嫵ĳ֮С
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Ǵ˿̣Ҷܵ׹֮ƣ֪Լǰ뷨ôЦ
Զǧ֮⣬˿ֲƣʵǿ̫ˣ˫ȫͬһ档
ϵǣôϵ̫˫ʵ޴
Ҷи̾漴г˼ᶨĹâԼһ죬Ҳܴﵽľ硣
ҶתͷȥϵЩ꿡ܣʱҲη֮ɫ޴ĺӰ·ʥһ㡣
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ʱţ۶ҲԽԽΰ׳۵ĳǽҲ𽥱ӳҶ
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·ŵʱһǿսڵ־һɨе꿡ܣһ
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ţţҶ԰»ԣʱЦˡ

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ܴۡҲɣӵܣǲһŵĻĸǿߡ
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˵Ź̤֮С
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ȻǸɫ߲㡣»ŲԶѾͼŮϵɽҡҡͷ
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272 콾
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˻һҶüͷһ»ɽ𾪲ѡ
￴壬Ŀޱȵ


276 ｣
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￴壬ҲڿĿޱȵ̹ȻɫǵĮ֮·ûаԼܵܵƵġ
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ս¿ܡ⻰ҲֻҶ˵
Ҳɵöݣϸһ˿̾ЦҶӼȻ־ôСŮӾ޻˵ˣӣأ
תͷ壬¶һ˿Ц
ʱҲҶĻһ£ߵĿУһ˿ɵ漴ߵȻˣĳ֤ڴ֮ǰԲҵκһˣ鷳
ã˵ͷ
ҶҲЦһ£ʱһµʱ䣬ʱ㹻弶ˣʱаһսˡ
Ҷ죬ԩ޳𣬵ҵܵܣҶ档ԣΪҵϣȵʱұضҪ㸶ۡ
俴Ҷ죬ȵ
ҪսǱսҶտտԣսһ㶼塣
ؿһҶ죬ץɡֵܣ̤Զȥ
תۼ䣬˱ʧ֮С
ͥԺջĿ⣬ͤʯ
ҶӣԵֳ֣ԮСŮûʲôñģлˡ
Ҷ﹪˵
ŶܿҵĽ裬ʵҶĳң¾ͺƤƴˡҶ۾һ漴л
һԵ»ɽӶܡ
Ľʮ˹˭˲֪˭˲ǿǹʸۿģٲһģҲһ
Щ꿡ܣû˿Ȼ桢
Ҷ죬˿̶ڴĿתؿԺʼĹ
｣һʶʱͱˣضƺȾ𵴡
貶Ŀգ˽ýݣǡ衣
Ҷʱɫͱˣ˾Ķǵˣƽһμѹʮ˹Ĺ̾ѡ
ò˵ڽ棬Ǵﵽ۷壬һʦ
ԾأҶ۾־Ӧ֮£ȻؿĹ
ХâҫҶģҲ֮·һõ硣
һ̣ҶУԺзһƺߣĳƣ˸һ㾳硣
弶
Ҷ۾õ⣬䴩񷡣
ʱҲ裬һ󲨶
ʱϢʱƽ󽭺۵Ĳ⡣
Ҷ첻ڱ¼棬̫׸ʫ
м˹ϣһ轣ķ
ɽɫɥΪ֮õͰ
䣬Ⱥ衣
ŭ罭⡣

Ƕ֮컯⽣裬Ȼһ壬Ʒܹĳġ
Ҷû뵽ǣȻ˶ļƿ̤弶
ʱΧƾ˵̵ĺˮһ㣬ڷӿ
ͬʱҶſʮС磬ȫɻա
Ҷ־Ȼͻˣ
»ĿɿڴԶҴҶ졣
Ҷͻƾ磬ҲЩȣ漴Ц̾СŮʮ˹һĴߺ콾ڹۿҵĽ֮ҲûҶͻˣ֪ˡ
»ɽ˶ʱ𾪣ѲҶ츳֮Ĵߺ콾Ҫɣ
Ҫ֪ڱʮ˹һĴ˺콾λ۷壬׹ӣûʸսǵĵλ
ⲻʵ츳
Ÿˣ츳棬ǾǱʮ˹֮Уǰеġ
ƺ֪»ɽ뷨Ц˵ǲҪ룬Ҷܹͻƣֻ˵ҵĽ裬ܹҲδػûջ񡣡
ôһ˵»ɽ˸Ӹо
ʱЦҴǿЦأҪ֪ҶûпĽ裬ʮ˹ܹҴĽ裬Բʮˡ
ʮλ϶ܹʣµ˭ɽ۾һɵúʵ
һԵ»Ҳ档
˭а֮ġ
ǽ˵ɣʱ˵ˣɰɽ»˼ˣһͰ͵ؿ
ЦЦҶһһ˸ҶЩϵŵĴǰʣµˣһǽ̫ףһĴУһλ
»ɽԣˡ
Ҷ첻˵ʣµˣɶǶ
𱱺ʮ˹Ϊ޵ʮλ
̫װǰ콾֮һȥԿĴߡ
ںһλĴһĴڣλһɽѹ˱ʮ˹꿡ϣ
ҶܹǲУҲѹ»ɽˡ


277 ۶
ҡ
ΡĸۡһгǣƷǷ
ȻʱһؿڴϸոɣԼһܡ
ֵǰʱŰԵһһӣǰȴèŵ巢
û취縸ҵĵһţҵδ
ңĻǾҵļҲˡ
˵۶ֵܳ˹֮⣬µıǴˡ
ʱɫֵܵĿУ˺ɸֵ˼ȵҪʼˣúڼŬȴǣ˵Ҹô𣿡
ֵŵһæġ
ֵܣ巢йһŭ󣬵ûĳͷɡܡ
ʱܵ磬俤ҪСӻҵĺ£ͺľѩɺˣζҲΪҳͷš
Ÿƨ
ĻȵӵܣŮ˶㲻ǿҪǴȥҵ涼㶪ˡ
ܶʱͷҲ˵ˡ
ֿһڴϵɣҲǵģҪԸСӣ˼˵һӵܣҲܻˣҵҲûжϵ˭ãҪȥǹ֪վŵǹﰡ
ί磬һҴˣǹﲻΪء
㡭ԣòѪҪǿһƣ޲һܵܡ
׳գǹһʦʮ˹ĹıݣһĴߺ콾Ҳıݡ֪жô𣿺˵Ҵ׹Ĺ׶ԼҲ鷳ŭ
һ𾪣Щŵ˵ܰɡͻЩ˿ѣѲɻ
ߣ｣賬ɣ֪ڱʮ˹ж꿡Ҫõ𣿾֪棬г׷ȥ⣬һЩȵ̫ӣҲ׷ڴ׹һ۵ʮ˹ǰʮŲϡߵ
ʵ˵ʮ˹ǰһٶŲϡ
Ͼڱʮ˹֮У׹Ҳֻڵʮһλ
磬Ǵˣ
ɡܶʱͷϴҲҷˡ
ʱڣǶҴڼ˭׼ȥֵæͷӦ
Ǵ磬綼ܸСˣĴԶҺܲðоһС˵
һ赶ɱˣ
һڴϵԣɵðϲһ͵ɫ
ϧȴ֪ǺεͰ˼һ
һӣˣ̲סٴŭ㻹˵콾ôˣһСӣȫûˣ
磬ǻʣɻû˵꣬㱻庬ŭһ˦˹ȥʹȥ
һԵŵò˵ˡ
ǷǴǰͲ֪Ȳ˵ĵϸǻΪ׹һҺ֮⣬ǿˣ𣿡ȵ
СӲļ۷塭ɻû˵꣬ͱˡ
㻹˵óһһļĴˣҪ㣬һͷײˡ岻м
ԣͷڱ棬һ
һԵС˵磬û뵽õĴУʽǷ綼ơ
ʽ
оⱬ䣬ʵ˵СŵˣõǰĴУ
ǣʱɽԴ¶˳æ˵磬㲻֪ʱȫȻɵؾ͵סˣҪǻ߼࣬ļ
Сǵ⣬ǰҲõģܿѾѧʽܿ϶˵
ԣһĨȣǿʽ˾ͷ޵УԳΪ޵
ȻǵĿ꣬ǳΪ̫ˣһĴߺ콾ûмܹɹ
ԣ޵ͬǵĿꡣ
꣬ĿѾپڴ׹ѾٺʱˡˣѾ۱ʮ˹콾Ĵ߲ǵĿꡣ
ѧʽȷ츳ɳʮ꣬ǿвңڣߺߣ
Ц
ûаҶҶѾʽϾ֮Ϊ̫ˡ
ʵϣȷڴ׹һУ֮⣬û˿в塣
Ѿ߼ĳ칫ʮ֮ء
֪ͬľ統УҲǿλ߼ڣҪ۷ˡ
Ϊ۱ʮ˹ҲǶεġ
ܹĴߺ콾Ŀ꣬ʵȻǳǿ
ڼҺúôţСӵһԴ嶪һ仰תȥ
ֵܿԶȥıӰ˿һۣЦ
ţֻҪǵĴ֣׹ûһ˿Իġ
˶ΪӵܣŰԵȴ֪콾֮УĺĻǴ塣
Ҳηԭ

ӿֳҶס»С
ΪոͻΪҶҪʱȹһ£ʱڣûٳȥˡ
ʱţҶһսϢҲ۶
ʱ꿡𾪣ٹˣޱȡ
˭
ǿ콾϶ǿߣ۶ӵܡ
Ҷ˭ðģ
жһʺš
ǣϢȥ󣬲Ҷǰ˭ʱĳˣ۶˲֪
ڵ۶ĸ¥֮У꿡̸һսЩڿۿһս꿡ǣһҶϵ顣
µУɳ˷ɫҶӢ۾֮ʿ
֮Ĵԣһɫڣ˾ͲˬҪԸ˲ڴ֮ǰҶ鷳ͳȥѩˡ
˵֮̽£Ҷܿͱˡ
ò˵ΪϵʹҲ׹֪
ǣҶ촫˵ˣ꿡ܼɵĽ
ɵΪʽĽͬҲΪʽ
ʣƾŴɵսԼʽҶڴ׹һ֮УŽǰʮˡ
ɶƲҶķЩ߼һµ꿡ܣȻҲûаȥҶķ
ûаȥ̸λܶԷ
ԣҶ챻Ϊһĺпܳǰʮߡ
ǰʮˡ
ǹʣ֮»ĸۡǰΪ꿡ܣһЩߣܰݷá
Ҫһǰ;㡣
Щ˶»ˣ֪Ҷڱչ
ΣֻȥϾ˱չǺɱ֮𡢶֮޶ˣߵĽɡ
Ͼһ˼ͻƵʱ򣬱ô죿


278 ʼ
ûв͸ǽ
Ҷ۶ʱϢ˴꣬Ҳڴ˵۶ʱ۶ˡ
һ޵䣬עΪ۵Ľ㣬ʮ˹ҪΪ֮𶯡
һЩҶѵˣϢʱɵΪҶеǡ
Ҫ֪Ҷһˣ۶úܶ꿡ܶˡ
һţûбô£ǰмʵĵɱ
ҶھһƷǳΣ
ǣ˶֪ҶѾҡ֮ǰλ޵ڣԪ࣬ҲҼɵ
ڣû޵壬һţǰ벽Ҳ嵽ҡ
Ҫ֪Ϊ׹һ壬Ҳӵа벽ġ

׹Ļʹһ֮ǣƯ֮СŻʹĴţһƴʮݣŵ
ʱ׹ĹһλĿӣĿ⿴񷣬һ̾վȥˡ
Щˣûκɻ;ȣ·֪ҪϢ
Ű£ΰĵ۶տտģ޻ᱣסӣҲᱣס׹ġ
û֪׹ʵѡ
֮ϣ׹ƿסӵ磬¶һ߶̽׺ݵز䡣
̽Ǻɫģ˸ĹâаŽɹ˿ڣӡ
׹һԪ̽ѹס
֪ʱ䲻̫Ҫ˶ãͻ䡣
ǿߵǳԻǧ꣬Ǵ׹ĹѾʣ²ʱˡ
һܣȥڣ׹˲ͻҡ
ǿΪ磬ûĹǱǱĹû
Ҫ¶ˣ
׹۾ȵٴ֮ʱڵӣͬʵʻĽɫâ
ʱ۶һ
˿۶ķһɻ󣬹Ƿŭ
жʱ

ʹԺһľĸ֮ۡС
׻Ŵ⣬ϲɫߺ쵰ˣܹǰ׳գûʧ
ҶڴˣͻϳŮǵһҹ֮ħŮ

һ۶˶ηĸۡ
ʱµ棬Ŀ΢΢һȤȻʽҲգȥ㣬ûʸҵĶ֡
ʮ˹̫ţԲûΪҶ츳ݡ
ڱʮ˹Уǿкܶ࣬ҲûмʣϣҶɳ
Ϊڱʮ˹У׹ʵ̫ˣֻ衣
ˣϣԼУָܹţ̫Ϊ׹
ͬĵܲ
Ҳ˫λ⣬ұϾֻǴ׹һѾԼɴ׹δˡȻϣԼУָţĴ׹Żǿ
գڵ˵˼ңҰﱨҶ죬ֹ
ǣ
ˡ
ɲһô򵥡
ΪδĹͶӵǿкܶ࣬ӵʦһλ벽

ʱš
һº»ۡҶڽչء
弶ΪȹˣƾҵѪħ䣬ʮСԺɨ߼ˡӿȵǿҶ˷֮ɫ
ңƾҵʽѪն߼ǿߣҲδػ䡣
ҶܽһԼڵս˿š
һֱǸδӣԼ칫壬еѹΪǶ߼ǿߣΪľ޴࣬е
ڣ弶Ҷ죬ƾǿ츳Ҳ׹һκǿˡ
񡭡Ҷ˵Ҫս¿ܣǾ;Բʳԡ
Ҷտտؿգһɷڵս⣬ֱ񷡣
ս
һ̣Ҷź
۶꿡ܶڸߺ
һµʱȥˣûмˣʹѾϢʱ䣬ڽˡ
»ۡҶ֮ӭ˼λˡ
Ϊ˵»ڿЩ֮ȴЩΣһЦšⲻ˺棬ʲôʱλ۶ӵܣҲǸˡ
Щˣơľѩƾңһ俤ʶˡ
⣬һ۶ʦϼʦܸգҲŴ˴ǰμӴš
þòλɰãҶ첻֪»˼λѺʦʦ㣬ɵЦݡ
Ҳ׷׹ϲҶ죬һޱȣϾΪߣҶɸʹõ۶Щ꿡ܣҲСЩˡ
俤Щˣһ»ıЩƣҶ첻ɻ
ǣҶĺѯ֮£»ڨڨؽ̫׾¥黺
Ҷ꣬Ц˵νʶҲԵˣһЦΣ
ã˵ҵȷЩ֣ڴˣλǸˡ»۾һæֵ
Ƶ˼״Ҳͱˣ˫Ժ͡
һԵɽЦŴȤҶҪڳһҪһڴˣ
ԣ׷״Ц
»Щ£Ц˵ٺ٣㵱ǰ׳հҶֵʱļҲȥơ
ԭӲɽһġ
»ʱ塣
һЦ̸֮󣬿ʼصڴ棬ǵһһǿߣǶԼĴ
ɽΪʸǿߣ˽ֻܵ¼ȡ180ˣһ10ˣ50ˣ120ˡһ죬ж21
˲ɵ𾪣ɽ弶۷ΪһʱҲһΪȻֻж21֪⾺жôҡ
ֻҪܹϰ񵥣ˡԳЦ
ҲͬС
ģҲֻҶɽʵǿĶֻܳ120̡
ɽ״Ц˵˵꣬񲢷ǿʵȡõһģʱ򻹿һ˵ŵλ˷죬ͺܲһ·Ʋ˲ǿߣõ˲͵Ρ
˵ĵһأҪԹƣǲǣܸպʵ

˵ϼҲμһĴ񣬳ʱ򣬹ټǣ˶Ҫȥʹֻеֵסѹƣǰʸ񡣡
֮ƣҪֵס֮ƿɲ򵥣һ̭࣬Щʹ޷̤롣ɽ˵
֮ƣ
ҶһɵЩڴܹ֮ܵƣ˵Ѫն
ѪնﵽСɾ֮ҶҲûнˣʵΪ̫ͣ޷֮ơ
ѪħҲڰ벽磬ŽѪնԲġ


279 ֮

նϼ貣ͻȻһӻʹ֮дͬһ쫷磬˲ʹ۶
ʱ۶о񣬶ؿʹ֪ǹڻʹǰǶ֮Ӵġ
ʱ֮УֻڷʱŻ
ڣ̩񰲣Ҳûʲô鷢
ôĿģ֪ˡ
һǴʼˣ
ͨһ㣬꿡Ŀȣ׷׸ߺŻʹķȥ
һ̣ϾϿʿһ㣬̧ͷͦأţ׼˵ĿУ̫һĹԡ
ʮ꣬ڽ˽һҪ¡һҷ裬֮ɫ
һ쿥ֻһλܵϴһ죬ҲصޡһǿӰ˫̤أһŻʹȥ
Զһߴ¥֮ϣһӱ˫֣һŻʹܶȥ꿡ܣвɵ¶һĨмЦݣһȺϣҲֻҵѡ
ֱԾһֻӥ˸֮䣬ڻʹ֮µĹ㳡ϡ
ʱ㳡ѾӰһȥѹѹһƬһЩ׼μӴǿ⣬࿴ֵߡ
˵һĴЩһĽܷ˵һȵǰʮԽѡȡڵһĽ죬дԣһᱻΪ
ɵ˰ģһ϶ӵģõŷҿֱӷΪ̫ˡ
ô˵һĽҲ̫ˣЩѵʲôԭ򡣡
أٷΣʵҲֻȥմ֣ȶϲȥ

㳡ϣ۷׷ס
ҶһˣҲڸղŵִ㳡ʱȺУ̸
ö˰Ƹ̾ȴһ˿įһĵһǿߣڿΧһ֮£ǿĸǶöࡣ
»ľѩƾˣȺ֮ҲǺۡ
Ҷ졢ɽ˲Ŀ⣬Ҷ죬һΧǵĿ⡣
쿴ǾǴɵҶ죡ָҶ쾪
ȺʱһƬȻ˳Ҷ쿴оηк棬оȣҲ𺳣ָı鶼С
ܹɣҶʵŽǰʮһĺһ꿡˵
˶ͷȻԵǺܺãʵȴʵʵڵ۶һУС
̤λҶ죬ֳܱΪǿ˾η
ɣô˵Ҳǵ۶һеһǿߣʱȴɷҶλıǳı
ɶ񣡡
ȺеɣΧۣɫһƬڣҶĿУԹޡ
磬ģдڣ˵ǰʮǰҲˡһԵЦ
ȴСӣһÿؿԶҶһۡ
ԽԽ˵㳡ϽӵǼ粢ż磬վ㳡
ҶվȺУŻʹϿգһƯеĽɫ񵥣дһٶ֣һҫ貵Ĺâ
һ죡
ڶ壡

Ǵ
Ű񵥣οȥҶп˲ˣѾɱ˷֡
˵꿡ܣڿʱǳ
ֻҪд˰Ǿ£׹˶֪ǡ
ǹҫҫ
ҶԸܵΧȺһѪڣս졣
ҲܵȾѪҺʼȼһǿս⣬ֱ
һֹͣƣ㳡ʱһƬѻȸš
˿еΰĻʹһɫս׵Ľһ̤ϲ񷣬꿡ܡ
Ⱥ˵˵
Ҷ첻ɵüͷһ𾪵Ŀеλ׽иһ˿η
Ǵ׹һһʵѾﵽ벽۷徳磬ֻ벽ܽˡ
ڴ׹˵һڶĻôλǵǿˡ
ʱ˶ηͳݵؿеһĿת
ˣʵگԻش񡪡ʼУʥּϵ۶
Ҷ֪ݴ½ʹû̫ڵģʥּһǳҫ飬Ψе¸߲
ÿһĴ񣬶֣һ֪Բȡ
ʥּ֮󣬹㳡ϵ꿡ܣһⱬ䣬ɢս⣬ӱһΡ
Ϲأһأٻʹֻʱ䣬Ǻúðաɨһ꿡һۣ˵
֪ΪʲôҶоղһǿ־ɨ壬Ӧþֻǲ֪Էǹģġ
ûж룬Ҷ췢꿡ѾʼŻʹȥ
Ҷ컹֣һЩˣûг嶯ڵȴʲô
Ҷ죬¹Ҫ֮ˣ״γǳһСľͻˡɽѵ
ˣһδԷǳϤ
ĻҶһ漴æȻ̧ͷϵĻʹ
ȻɽʱһεĿֲƣоˣһӴӻʹ֮ڱ˲ϯ۶
¡¡ֻоض̧ͷȥ𾪡
һɫӰɢ̫һ貵ĹâڻʹϿաһ˫ӣһĽɫâ˲񷣬˺գõ˶ܵһɳصѹȸС
͡ɽѣҶ첻Ҵ⣬һʱʩչһʽ˵ǰ
ɿֲƳ֮£Ҷ˷·ܵʲôǿƺʮ
˸ӵĲֱӱƳ㳡һЩ֮ǰ֪سʹȥ꿡ܣشһѪɳȥӾ㻹ܹվҲǲϻʹˡ
㳡˿һƬǲҺ
ǿֲƣ಻ϵس󣬹㳡ϣֻʣ°ٶˣųɾŵ꿡ܣƳ˹㳡
ôǿôȥҶ󺹣ҧгݵض̫ͼǳĽݣһ󾪺
˵ʹоǧŰپʮŽףվڹ㳡϶ѣ˵ȥˡ
ҶҲ֪˶ųģƨȥ
Ȼ㳡ֻʣʮ˵ʱɿֲƣʼ𽥼ȥάһ֮ϡ
ʼˡܵΧƵı仯Ҷоⱬ䡣
˱һӺ壬ϽݣϵĻʹʵǶȥ
ǵٶȺȳҲ첻˶٣ҶȴǳȻΪɿֲѹ֮£ٶȣǵʵжôǿ
Ҫ֪ҶҲֻƶѣٶȱ˺ܶࡣ
ˣţһһһεصϽݡ
ˣ㳡ϸ


280 ʵ
ʹϿգ׹Ӱ˻ģտտޱȡ
ʹ棬ڶ࿴ֵߣĿתؿЩţһ㣬Żʹʵǵ꿡ǡ
һ񣬲μӵ꿡ܻǶడ²ʮˡ
󲿷ֶڻңܹٻʹģ಻ǧ˶ѡΪǵһأʵһطѵģųɾŵ꿡ܶڴ˱̭ġ
ڹ֮֮£Ψ־ǿǿ֮ͨ顣һΪʵ޹أֻ־ѾǱ
һ߹ۿһ۷׷ס
ʵȻͨʱǿһǱȴģǵǱж٣غǷܹ
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˵ʲô
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Сڱ˦󣬺ߣԭǱʽҲõʽ
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281 
ʹĹ㳡ϣһǰۿˣȫעؿʯα仯
ĳһֵͻȻԾĳһֵĺȻ½Χ֮಻
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˼עڡ
ʱǧŰپʮŲϣѾ꿡ܵӰԽ棬Խࡣ
ơƾľѩϼܸյˣһҧźһʵǡǰ̨ףƺӲ񷣬߼ʣһãȻ֮УǶԼᶨ֮Ӳؼ
˵㲻ܵϴҲҪͨһأ׹Ĺ
ǰԶɽҲڷʵǣѾǵڶβμӴˣһͨҪǣԼ
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ɽжʱɻûҶǿҲܱǿ̫ࡣǰ棬졢塢칫Ϊ̫⣬ǰҲʣ¼ʮ˶ѡ⼸ʮ˵вûҶӰѲҶһ
ţֵɻɽȻͷһϤӰ˶ʱסˡ
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۾ܴˮģջ
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ħŮ
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Ҷԣһ죬ЩΡܿȥô˵ҲΪˣƤĺȻǷǳǿģʽ١
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ô˵ǲǲ˰ûĵģ˶ҲܣⱲҾ͸ˣȥҾȥ׻Ҷ첻˵ʱЩţԼղǲ˵̫ˣһǡ
Ҷ֪ԼٳĬˣſڣȴ֪˵ʲô
Ҷֻܵ˵ǻǿʵǰɣȻͨһأûμӴˡ
׻ԣ۾һæ˵ԶԶԣʵǣһҪǰʮʱҸףһͬġ
Ҷʱ


282 
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׻ߴߴ˵ͣ
һԵҶ죬ڣһ̤һ㣬ÿһоһɽƵģк޲Ҹضȥ
Ҳ̫ˣôӸɣ
ľа
ҶڵϣĿҲһԵ׻δԹ˵سڹ֮ƵУѰǰһ˿׻ϵ˼롣
֮ơѾܹĸܵˣֻҪɹұȻܹһȫµľ硣Ҷг˼ϸǰԺһĨ⡣
ιôˣ
ҶϥҪ׻ʱˣֵطʱܹ
ιιι˼Ҷ춼ûдӦ۾û׻ʱһü룬úһҲѧҶϥôֱ㶵صҶ졣
Χ꿡ܣȡɻؿһԹŹֵˣа̰
ʱ򣬴Ҷϸ·ûͣǡ
ûãҶ׻ˣ㱻һ꿡ܳˡ
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ҶУ߶Լ־ĵ⣬γһâӲڹ֮Уٳһֱ·
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û취ץסҶ죬Ϊ洫ѹ಻ܹԼѾǳˣסˡ
ֻǣֵǣҶٲãҲܱƺɰһôͻȻ
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ҶȻ˫ĿԺУһƬڸղţٴλһ˿⣬һٽ㣬ҵˡ

ҶȻһ
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˵ˡ
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ʮ˹һУΨĴ֮ƣҲǲܳΪߣΪһ۷塣Ҷ죬Ѿ˳ΪߵǱЩ˵Ĳֻ࣬Ϊ϶ѡ˵
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Ƭʱ䣬ȵǷӦʱ棬Ҷ֣˻Ƶģڿ
һʮšڶʮ߰ٶʮˡھŰʮšһǧٶʮġǧİʮǧİʮһ
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ǰʮ
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䣡
Ҷͬһ磬˲䳬Խɣˣǰʮ
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283 ָһ
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Ҷ촳˵ھȷܵ˵ĹעʵǵһЩ꿡ܣҲĿɿڴ𾪵ؿǰǵȻڱܵӰ
˦ˣڲ졢塢칫⣬ǰʮλע⵽ԼĶ֮Уһ֮͡ʱЩ꿡ϣһ¶һĨء
ǰҶȻ۶Щܹ嵽ǰʮ꿡ܣһһǿߣǲûаɷȻҲûٿҶ졣
Ǵ˿̣ҶȦӣ½ֻǵһصĿ飬ҲЩ꿡ܵע⣬һҶ죬ܵ˾޴в
û֪ΪҶͻȻЩ꿡˾޴ѹǴ˿סƣȻٳԸⱻҶ˸ϡ
ѹĻɣ׼Խʮû뵽ȴҶ췴޷ܣ˿ƴ׷Ҷ졣
УҾԲһﳬԽҵ츳ǱôܱȲҧ촽ӲؼӿٶȣԽ˵ʮ׷Ҷ졣
Ȼܿ;ˣΪҶһԽ˵ڰȡ֮
㳡ϣ棬ҶٴһΣһƬ
ˣƬ֮ҶͳԽ˵ٴ𾪣һƬȻ

ԽԽԶҶ챳ӰɷʵŭƷһ㡣Ҷ嵽ʱɫ԰ףһ֮䣬ʧȥ֮ƣݺݵغĵɳȥ
֮ͬǰҶһһʱʧ񣬸صĺӸߴǧ׵Ľ棬ص˵ϡ
ҵ˶ʱ
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ڼٱܣ˿̷ǳţΪеǵӰԽԽӽˡ
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ͬʱҲǽģԼڴ׹һ졢塢칫ˣԸûа˷
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֮ѳɣҵѪնҲﵽɾ磬ҵĹһΣв߼ǿˡ
ҶЦݣڶ֮ʱûаѶʱ֮Ƶϲ֮С
붼ò˼飬ûнȴ֮ƣһ֮ơ
ʱϸۿĻͻᷢҶΧһССΡЩ֮ƣڽӴ֮ʱʱڻˡ
һҶܵѹ࣬ʵǵٶҲȻֺܶࡣȫĻٶȻ졣
ҶʱڸԼ֮ƣֻʵǡ
ٶȣȴҲе꿡ܡ
Ҷ죡
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ǧپʮ棬ڵϣˮʪʵؿǰǵӰг˿ɬ벻ʡ
ǰʮˣ˿ҲͣڴϢڵϣǰԽԽҶ죬һϳ˾η
ҶԽԽ죬ʧеӰڳˣеһС
ǧһٶʮ㡭ǧʮǧŰһʮš
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һ̣۶˶Ĭˣ֪ҶĿʲôˡ
Ҫָһ


284 µʱ
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ȻֻǵҶȴܵ˵Ĺע졢塢칫ˣһ̱ˡ

ʱľŰپʮŲ棬ڽһ۷Ľ
ԡ峿ĵһ⣬ƽһ¶ĿĹ⻪Ҷĺ䶯˿֪Ϊ꿡ʵ̫Զˡ
ڣֻѽͳ칫ΪһĴһҪʵ޵УǱҲҪھͬĽԺ
Ȼͳ칫һֱƾȫҲ˦ˡ
΢ЩУ̧ͷʹϿգһŬҪԽˡ
ǾǴ׹
ģȷǸﵱܳһˣ⣬Ĺ֮λһᴫġǣȻΪл磬Ǳ㡣
׹Ļ·֣Ķ
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ħˡ
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ƾʲôҪΪҪ֤ŮһܹΪǿߣҪΪⱱʮ˹ĵһŮ칫һ˫֮УҵĻ棬ǿս⣬ֱ
˼ٳ̵ʱȴûע⵽ԶһɫӰٽӽ
˵Ҷ졣
ڸǰ׹Ķš
ҪˣҶ̧ͷиһĨ⣬ڵھǧһپʮһ棬ѾԿʹˡ
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졢塢칫
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һҪˣ
ǰ滥׷ϵһҶڵһĨĿľ⣬ǣ΢΢һĨЦݡ
䣡
δ䣬ҶٶȶȻһΣԼ֮ƿ˼£һ磬ǰ׷ȥ
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һٵĽŲͻأشȻ졢塢칫˶ûע⵽Ҷ֮͡
ҪΪ˵ĽŲڸҶĽŲ˴˿̳׷ˣǵֻʣߵ֡
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Ƿ
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Ҷ졭ʸ񣬳ΪĶ֡ϣʵҲǱһԽԽڴˡ˫ⱬ䣬Ͼһ۷ǿߣܿͻعҶıӰ˵
ĻǰǵԽԽԶɫӰûģսȭͷ˸ĺ⡣
ٸߵ츳ҲҪʱɳСڵ¶ɱ뼵ʡ
칫ҧ촽ǰǵȥɫӰӣ¶һ˿ɬЦݡ
˻桢׷죬ȴ
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ʱ䣬û׷Ҹϣ̤Ųʹ
ڻʹĴǰһɫӰԽһݣ̤һʯ·
ҶعͷƽĿ⣬۶еᵱһɽСֵ۷壬µĸоһƬͨ
ѹôƴŬֻΪһҶЦЦûʲôı飬ֻ̹Ȼɫ
֪һ̣Ŀˡ
֪һ̣Ŀ⣬ڴ׹Ƿʮ˹ˡ
֪ڱʮ˹УǿţȴһԽ
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285 콾
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һ꿡ܣʽ̤ʹ̧ͷ˷ܺͼؿǰǸ߸߸ڰеĴ׹һȺڵȴʦĺǡ
Ȼ׹ĹޱɨһۣĮ˵ǡеĻҪʧ
ֻĮһ仰һˮݺݵشһ꿡ܵͷ䣬ʱ˶ˡ
˵ǰ棬Ҷ졢졢塢칫ˣҲɫһгء
ʮˣȴֻҵǰ̾Ҵ׹˰һ̾Į棬ʧͲм
һ꿡ԣǵͷǳ˼ǲʣ
ɣĿ˸ӵĲпᣬϣǵһͨҲһˡ׹ûмˣǰһȥ
ڹظš
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ιղûɣȻ˵һصĿˣֻһͨһ꿡С
ܣǿЦءҡͷ180λôֻܾһͨҪǴȥǱЦ
ЩԾͨ˵һأǾҪѡǿ180ˣôڸıˣ֪һʲôˣɻ
ǰҲ˵ˣһĴͬһˣֻǲ֪Ҫʲô
֮֮
һ꿡СۣŴ׹߹
ΧˮȪ룬һ޴Ȫ¶ܱߵĻ̳ľʹɫһɽˮī

УһЩʷɹޱȣĴɫӣڻʹϷͶƽ
Զһ޴Ĺţ˽ȥһ۾Ϳ˴ľͷһׯޱȣΰ޴ĺɫ
˶ʱ˿Ҳ¶ɻ֮ɫ
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ǵڶصĿ֮ˡ
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һţǴŽȥȻӺųͨһؿˣһںŵǡ׹ָͣɫ˵
ԣһ鸴ӣоϲɻоȣв⣬֮ʲô鶼С
Ҳ̫˰ɣһѣѲɻܵסôˣɻ
Ҳʲô˵˵ǡ
⹬Ҳ󣬴ŵһɣҾͲƾ弶ʵ޷ͨһɵľ롣š
׹ûˣ˵֮󣬱ȥ
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˵꣬Ҳٶԡ
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ФϰɣҪǵһͨˣ϶µġЦŽ
ФһĨȣʵڴ¡ĵһͨһؿˣǾͱضܹˣжʱһƬȡ³˹˹֣ǰĺɫ˹עĿУ̤˴š
ʱҶڣ˶ФӰгء
˵ʵǿҲĹ򣬿϶ܹ180֮УһӦѲסҶ쿴׼ŵФ뵽УȴһĨء
׹޹ʷʸôһأ϶֮
ףȻȺдһ
ҶźɫĴſڣ׼ԽȥФüͷȻ
ʱǿФͫ׽϶˾壬·𿴵ʲôµһھҲֻ̧ȣȴôҲŲ֮С˺񱻽һƶĺ飬Ķͷ£ʪ
ô£
˾޴ʡ
Фô˵ҲһλǿߣǿߣҲܱŵͷ󺹣ȫʧȥ־
֪ʲôʱ۾ɨվںɫǰФһۣм³֡
һ
ЩʵФ꿡ǣʱФŶȥôأ
Ҷ졢˵УҲ֮ɫڶأô׹ȥˡ
쿴ФιˡͻȻһ
̧ͷȥФ˿Ѿε˺ɫĴǰιȥˣϣž֮ɫ
׿ʲôнɻˡ
һʱ䣬ҲûһɫˣĿת졢塢칫ˣΪڳǵʵǿ
ûκηϻĿг˼ᶨ֮ɫɫ
״ȻЩأҲһͬ˳ȥ
칫ɨҶһۣҲɫ
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ĸǿߴͷаһЩ̲סģһ˽Ǹȥ
˵ٴӣ˵ıӰǳһĨЦݡ
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쵱ǰصĿ⣬棬˶ʱһͫ׽𾪺š
ɫˣ˾͸ɻˡ
ͳ칫ͬʱܵǰ濴ȥͬһǿ龰֮󣬶𺳡
Ҷвɵú棬Ҳ濴ȥ֮У꣬ǲվһ𣬾վڹ룬עǡ
˭ҶжʱɻûбҪɣɣõų
һԵĳ칫֪Ҷûгеɻ󣬵һص˵Ǿϵ콾
ôһ仰õóһƬš


286 һ
ϵ콾𱱺ʮ˹˲֪˲ʮ˹һ۷
ͨҶҲɫ򵥣µܿʲôأôҲû뵽澹Ȼ콾ء
£˭ͨˣ
ⲻҶǫ飬ʵ콾ʵ̫ǿˣһ˶ԶԸοһ
Ź벢վӰڳ˶еһɳصѹȸУЩ˺ź;
⻹ô򣿸һȼİ
Ƿ˰ɣȻ콾ˣ˲ǵٴ񣬿Ҫڴޡ
һȥԿõĻû׼ܹȥ

۷׷ףһʱ䣬˭Ҳ̤빬֮ڡ
콾ɫ죬гвмЦĮȻвͷ
죬壬߳칫Ҷ죬ʱ̤ȥΪǶ޷ӭ콾еκһˡ
һؿˣ޽⡣ʱڣף˲ʺͷȻ
ûô콾վƵڱʮ˹һУĴߵһ򲻿˴콾ͨһء
԰Ҳţ콾ʱȴֻܵͷ
ȣ콾һ۷ǿߡ
Ѿ̤˼˼УҲǷǳģǼ֣޷Ըһο칫Ҳʵҡҡͷȫһߵս֣Ӯ
Կô֪ܣҶ쵭˵ȻҲûСһ׾ͷˣʧܣҲҪһԲᱻˡ
СӣҪΪ츳þĿˣ콾𱱺ʮ˹ǵۿжôǿ󡣡ԼЦ
δս԰𣿡ҶЦ
һԡһٶԡ
һԵĳ칫Ҷ첻ҡͷ̾Ҷ죬ô˵ɣֻһˣǼֻ֣ɵİճȥǰỹȫ֪֡ʲô𣿿¾Ĵеһأһܹɵعȥ
С˵ôʲôҪȥԣȥԿһʧܣЩǲ֪жߣж񡣡Ц
ҶƳһۣ漴תͷ칫Ȼʵ컻عأȥأǻһҳ𣿡
ᣡ칫û˵һԵ۾һ̲ס˵
칫һûͨɵЩɻؿҶ죬ʵʲô˼
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һԵҲҶĻҲЩĶǳԼ˵ףˣܹ֣δزᡣ
δս԰ܣųѡ٣ƴһѣʧܣҲûźҶߵ
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ɶ񣡡
忴ǰ˰ų⣬Թ˵һ𣬶ʱŭ
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ʵϣڽ弶֮ƺҶѾаջˣȻв
ƣҶᣬ졢칫һ£漴ͷ߽Ⱥϵʶˡ
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ģҺӡ칫֣ʱҪǰҶ콫ŵļƻǽһ顣
ɽ۾һ⣬˵Ĳ콾ֶԸǣҪǻĴеһˣǲŻ֡ɣҲʶǿߣȥ˵˵˵ܹһЩˡ
ãҶԾϲ֪ɽһˣҲ棬ʶǿ߱öˡ
»ʱҲһȭͷ£ûʸٴˣҿ콾קͲˬҲʶһЩǿߣš˵գתȺ
ƾңƵ˼״ҲͷͷѰҸԵĺѣʶȻҲǺܶ࣬СҲ⡣
ʱ򣬶һˣͶһܹͨһؿˣһǴ׹һĶǿߡ
һ˵ķ֮£һһϰ˵꿡ܣۼҶߡ
Զͳ칫ҲԴһ꿡ʶҪҶö࣬ÿ󶼴ٶˡ
ʱ˾ۼһڳһСˡ
ôˣҶ죬ͳ칫ʱ˵ÿһƴ
λӦѡͻƣҶʱʵȻģ۶콾˽⣬϶Ȳͳ칫ˡ
ѡԣҲָһ콾
˴ɫһƣһ˫üӢˣü֮䣬ɢһư֮ɫؿǡ
˭Ҷʵעܾˣͬ콾˶ƺǳӣһֱڹעǡ
Ҷѯʣû˵ֻһ˸ŷŭĹâ
죬ԴκһԵĳ칫Ҷ˻
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κʹ׹У˫ı߽һֱĦϣСģս
ҶȻûгҲ֪κҰĲһֱҪ̲׹ֻǼɵ׹Ĺѡ
ȻǴκˣѹֻһֱ⡣
ҶʱϿľͷãѡͻƣǶ˽⣬֪ʲôֶΣ
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ʵ콾ҲǱȽϿǰģ콾ΨһһûȺˣѡͻáЦ
Ҷ۾һʱϲ
µľȺΪ콾ʵ̫ǿˣҪһȺȺС꿡ܣһˣǻôǣ
գҶסеļһֺȵߣһȥ


287 
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һȺѣó֡һЦ
ǴӦ˴׹ֵĻʳˡü
ֻӦ˴ͨұػһ˴
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ףȤ
Ҳ֪ӣ
콾е˼״Ц
ɫЩѿޱߵȻҲˣ׹˵ˣֻҪǷǵΪʲôƶԡ
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Ȼ壬ҲҴ⣬ֻйâһһɫĳǹ˺գ񷡣һͷգ³ҵס
ȫԪƵµƣϯʹΧĿѹȸУ˸оһ
бըϣڶƺҪһ㣬ܿͱһߵӡˡ
֪ǹ֣ӡ˴ǵನ޷
һ֮Ȼվԭأû˿ƣŲûƶ벽ôǿƵػǵһ
ʵ˾塣
ܹΪ콾Ҷ𺳣ô꿡ܵһȻһǹ飬ʵȷ춯ء
ҶĸӦ֮Уǳ϶Ȳ˵ǿ󣬾ǵĳҲûǿ
콾ʵ
Ҷһθܵ˾޴ѹͬһԷʵȴǿֵزλ۷ˡ
죬ǰһһĴ㱻ˣ쳰Ц
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ҶԳĬֻһˣôȷûȥ˵ףԷʵǿ̫ˡ
ְɣûмԣ׼һᣬȳ칥˹ȥ
Ǵ׹һĵһˣʵȷǿѾǳӽ˼ˡ
Ȼǿۿų죬ϳ˳Ц죬·ͨ
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̫ˡҶϣ¶ɬЦݣһαͬǿ߻ܣһ˲Ұܡ
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죬ϾǴ׹Ķӣ˼ҵĵ̣Ҳôأһ콾ȥˣЦŴȤ
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Ҷоյ߹һͨɫĺš
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˶ʱͣסŲɵؿˡ
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ղһ˲ǹӴ֮ƣҲֻ֮ƣôֲ;ѹƣЩ꿡˲赹
ȻҲǶԷýôԶͷų֮ƣ϶ܶˡ
ңûȫͷų֮ƣҶǱ˵ʵǽˣṳ̂һ赹ˡ
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ҶкȻ뵽һֿܣɵתͷһԵĳ칫壬ʱҲȻھ֮С
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Ȼֻһˣǳ칫Ѿ׷οˣһĶ֣Ĵеκһˣܴ콾
Ҷ˵ͷҲ²ģͬʱĿ£ԷѾ֮ƣԽս
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Ҷʱһ֪ԼӮûἸ㣬漣֡
ܹĵģǴ˲ҷԼ԰϶ȫԸңֻȻСҶ찵뵽
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˵죬Դ׹꿡ܣһֱе⡣˿ҶսĴ߻ᾴ壬ǵֻгЦͼ
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Ѫ磬Ҷɫ԰ֽ˫Ȼս⣬ͬһ㣬ԣҵ⡣

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һĸӡ׽Ҷս⣬߶۷塣
Ҷһӳ貵ĵâܲգ۳ɾһ޷統ͷ¡
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Ҷô˻ᣬƲ޷磬Ĺš
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ҺѾ˵ڶľתս壬ޱǿʧȥսܼս
ǣҶ˿һƬԷǿ󣬳û취ȥ
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˳Ĭһȭͷ޷̫ǿˣûƶ벽ֻһƣҶȥ·
СӣԹȥɣһ꣬ҲǰԾԶ֮ɫ
ҶƳһۣһûж˵ٶȾս޷硣
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˵գ޷һӴԪѸӡԪȼ弶ҪҶͬһս
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콾ȻΪҶܹӮ
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칫ߣûжԣųУô˵ҲҶһᡣ
弶ĴߣܱԽ벽ߵĴҪõöࡣ
УҶڵ貵⣬ȵڵġ
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콾һأĿУ˸ļµĹâ
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ɱӵĺˡ
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ҶѪնڵִ޷ǰһ֮ʱҲǰãΪһɢ⣬ʧӰ١
Ҷͫ׽𺳣־
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ٺ٣޷־һһ֮㻹ɣʡĶۡԶ켥
ҶûʱͻȻһ⣬˶˷ܵĲ
Ҷһٶȳ޷磬âɣתսж˼£һӶɱȭƲ񷡣
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Ҷɱȭ޷壬ҶܵǿĹ
Ҷǳȵǣ޷Ʒȭϵޱûһ˿һνǵˮ©
ܵˣҶȴдϲΪһ˿ԼͻƵ
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ʱҶ˷ܴЦѾ˼¡
ǣϣȴһİ־ڳ˶ˡ
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ⲻɱ¾⣬ѵոһ׹꿡ܣҲʧɫ
Ҷ˿̣һµ־
־˵İҲϤǾǡ̫
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290 Ψһһ
û뵽Σͻƣֱ漣
ڶ־һδ˵õȻĴ߳⡣
ѹ޷˵ҶǱ츳൱

׹꿡ǣһޱȼ˷ܣۼ֤һ漣֣˭Ҳû뵽ҶΣͻơ
콾Ҳһ㶣ǿҶĿУԳء
ǰһֱҶ쳰ϵ죬ʱޱȣɭ˸
޷ҲЩ⣬ĮһγһĨս⣬ŴЦеҶ죬иеһ˿ѹ
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Ҳû뵽㾹Ȼתս˵㣬ɫˡҶ쿪˵Ҳǳ޷磬Ҫ֪ڶûнתս㣬ǶԷȴˣѹֱΪһ۷ߡ
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ˣҶ֮⣬еĴ׹꿡ܣصͷ֮ɫ
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Զ콾׹ǣֻʱ˼ƳҶһۡ
ƺܵһۣҶȥзһ˿ߡ
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Ļ£һƬҺͲʡ
һֻҶһ˵٣ˣϰʸûС


291 ׵
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ǷȻ𣺡Ҳ
̧ͷʶŭ壬һĮȻ
ʵңƾʲôռݵĴһָҶ죬˵ɸһս

״ȵҲǴ׹ңôͳղŵĿҲۿˣʲôʸҶ죿
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ȻǵڱȣҶսôҿ϶ȥʱҶ϶ܵӰ죬ΪҶĵһȡɵġ
壬̫޳ˣҳ첻мΪ飬ߣ칫ŭݣĵؿһۣһתȥ
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Զû꿡ܣ˿һ󼤶˷ܡôڴ׹һеĵλܸߣҶһĵһ֮һսעĿ
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İһҶ죬漴¶º͵Цݣû֮ǰˣ·һڿƵġ
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Ҷԣæ˵Բùǰʧġ
Ǳ츳޷綼ϿˣҺ͹Ȼ㡣Цŵͷ漴˵ǰʱ䣬ҵõϢѩĿѾˡһ͹˵˵ñѩΪķذɣҲŽӽ
ҶٴȻѩĿ䣬Щϵû뵽ѩȻķء
绹ѵ
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֨ɫĴźȻ򿪣תͷҶ죬Ц˵ɣǴ׹Ĺ⣬ΪһĵһлѡȻҲκεʾܹѡʲôȼıͿԼĻԵˡ
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ǰϰٸܣҶĬˣÿԼϰٱ飬˵һ౾ϵ似
찡ŵսʮǧﰡ
ûʱ룬ҶܿͶ麣֮УѰʺԼ似ѾѪնʽоתս壬ΪߣϣԻøǿ似
ҲʺԼ似㿴ʶҲǺõģĻᣬɲУҶȻ


292 ˭ǵһ
ʹ㳡һȺڵȴҪһʱ䣬õһ׼ȷϢ
Ӷ˾Ⱥ֮УɴŽţʱ̧ͷеΡʹ
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˶ڵȴһҶȻڵһȡ˵һѹˡ
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˵Ҷܹŵڼ̧ͷһ»ʹûһӰʧתͷԵĹʵ
ﴷ˴Щȣһ㷢գһˮĴ۾Ц˵϶ǰٲҲǰʮ
ӵͷҲΪģȴЦ˵Ҷӻһõһأ
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ԶһȺ֮ˣɽ˵ı飬ΪҶβãЦų˵˰ɣƾСӵһʵǰʮǻҪǰʮ룬˵ǵһˡ
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ǵĻɽͷЦҲ֪˭Բѣߡ
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Ҷ쿴һԵ΢΢һЦ


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Ҷѡоתսʱɵҡҡͷüˣ似ǿ϶ģϾ似ݴ½ҲһġҲ似Ӧ֪似ѶȡȷҪһĻᣬ˷似棿ҿԸ㣬кܶţǰʱ˷似棬ȴ綼޷
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ҶʱԼղΪԷ᲻ñȴû뵽ԷԭΪ룬жʱж
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ҶĻжʱһƬϲ


294 
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Ԫֱˣκᱬըһǿߵȫһ˵

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ǰǣ὾ԴģϣԼûлõסҶ˵ͷȻ
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ҶйʱҲеޱȼԴ׹һ˿м֮飬ԺлᣬһҪ顣
ҶȻΪԼʲôˣԸжرгر
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295 Ϊ
뿪ҶһƬɾ
ľɫҶϤЩŵأǳأʩԶԶŵء
ǰǣҶ쿴ߵ¶ɻ֮ɫܵ˿֮дĻ
ʣһ죬ȵˡ
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ӦһأһΪģ԰ɣʣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
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ʵġָǰľ޴ӣ˵Ҳأֻľ󣬱ŵľҪǿˡ
Ҷ۾һѾ֪ʲôˣǺܺ棬ľŵľʲôͬ
֪𣿾ֺ֣ܶ󣬼ϴ׹һۺϹڵһ£˰ʱ䣬ŽɵģѾмǧʱˡ
˵ǽŵľֻСС֣޷ȡ
ҶԵ˵ͷǰ弶ǿߣеԼɼ
ŵأֻǸŵõģǿ߸á
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ȥɣڴһµʱ䡣Ц˵
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Ҷ̲סһоһ泩֫ٺӿԪһִľ֮Уתƶ
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ڣҶоԼߡʦʱˬˣĳ⣬Ϊٱ
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ৣ
һ̣Ҷ쿴Լڵɫ꣬͵һ˫ɫӡƿһ貣ͬҵĽ
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ʱеᾧһǿصڣȻֱɫա
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֪֮еٶȣ
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ȼԽߵˣڹķԽõˣյٶȻܿ졣
ҶڹķһЩҲһЩӡĲࡣ
˵ҶȼȻܸˡ
в˺棬ĺʣҶСӵ굽һּ
ĵȼߵܣ֮ˣһǲѯʵģǶߵһơ
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ں֪ҶİڣǷһ
Ҷ츳˽⣬Ҷܹ߼Ļôʸս콾ˣпһˣΪ׹ʷϵڶλ콾ľš
뵽ɵ˷׹һڱʮ˹һֱеУûʲôйκһֱѹһȻǷǳˬ
ΪУ׹ǿߣܵκǿߵ۸裬ô׹һǳ
£׹߲ϣһ֮УܹһǿţԴ׹һü
һξ칬ˣʱʮ˹ǿƼҲˢµʱϣСӲҪʧؿҶһۣгڴ
׹嵽ʮһλ֪Ҷܹ嵽ʲôλã
콾
Ĵߣ
ѹʮ˹ţΪʮ˹
ʹĳ֮У׹˫Ŀпصķͬڴ


296 ۷
֮ڣηһƬʥ
Ҷ˫ĿգȾһѪ⣬ʵĹâ֮УſֲϢ
ʱڳˮϣһɹɻƹˮһ㣬Ҷ۶
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ʱһµʱ䣬ֻʣˡҶȫƴΧȵλˣҲûֺûˡ
ļ߼ʮе󿲣ÿͻһʵࡣ
Ҷ츳ֻҪﵽ߼ôԺżǿһսܹܡ
żʵʮ˹ǶеĶ⣬ǿеǿߣһУڿǰˡ
ңʵҲ콾Ĵˡ
ԣҶ˿г˱ҧԼټ٣ͬʱѪħеԼܳܵļ״̬
ʱ䣬һһεš
棬ҲڽصȴţҲϣҶܹ߼
Խ߼ӵ֮·ҲûܹˡеҶ죬а뵽
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ҶԣЦ֮ɫ

ʱʹ㳡Χνɽ˺һЩμӴ꿡ܣû뿪۶Ϊıǵȴһս
⣬۶ߣս
˶֪ҶʲôʵȻһһ񣬽졢塢칫˶ȥˡ
Ⱥ֮Уһ졢칫ɽˣһԵȴ
㳡룬һɫۣһӣ۶ŮӻȵĿ⡣
УûҼҶ˧׻мƲƲ죬˵껹һԵ죬Сӣ˵ǲǣ
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ߣҸضȥСͱ׻۸ˣһͷۡ
֣ʲôʱҶôȤĪǡ쿴׻һ˿ȡ
׻һ죬ɵúݺݵصһۣ¿ʹķڴ֮ɫ
ȺУҵʮ˾һưš
һս˭ӮЦôԵĽ۶˭֪Сֻ˹ʺˣŽ˴񡣡
Ҷ˭һ֮ǰ֪һСѣֻЩΪܹưԴ׹һ졣
ҸҴģҪʮУҶСӱɡ

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297 һ
ֵĻʹ㳡Уϡ
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һȺҵˣĸˣΪҶǺˣԲŲӭս
ɽ»Ϊ׵һȺˣȴΪҶڻʹڽӼԲŵ顣
㳡ˣʱ۷׷ף۲ϡ
ʱţԽԽˣʼΪҶǺˡ
ɽ»һȺҶѣǡ
һҶò׵ٴһ˻ǲֵá
գգգ
ͻȻһŲӸ߸ߵĽ洫
˺Ȼ죬ȫǽݣһϤӰӳ˵Ұ֮С
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΢΢ɨһʹ㳡ҶǳһĨЦݣ˫֣һһ첻½ݡ
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ʵµˣֱӱõڵϣ°ĭ

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СˣˣȻҵĶ֡ȵȴƼžҲüŴ˵֮ת
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ߺߣҶ죬һҿôӵ¡棬Цţš
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û뵽Ҷʵǿ󣬴һͷȻʵ顣
ӵһһ
Ǵ׹ԺҪһλ콾ˡ

սˣһǳǴһսĽ۶
ʱƬ׹ϵĵ۶ʱһ߻ɽķ֮С
עһ֮ҹһһʧߵףȻҶ졣
˿̣ҶһȺѣۼڿ֮Уʹ쳩ΪҶף
˵֪Ҷ챻Ϊ׵ʱһ󾪺𺳲ѡ
ǣһҶ챻˺ܶƣ˯ȥ
㱼䣬ҶӶһ£ŵһ˿Ůҵ㣬еϤ


298 ֮
峿Ҷое̲סգգ۾
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Ҷɫʱһ䣬˲۾ͫһ㶡
ʱǰһ̺ŹŵζĹ֬λʫɢ͵Ĺ󣬱ȳлҪ⻬ҪӨף׶üݡ
˫峺ͫףüĽë΢΢زţ覵Ƥ͸ۣ˫·õ廨һĴ꣬Σ˶ǡ
˿˳㷢棬¶һ˵Ĳ֬һ㡣
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Ըе˫ΣҶһֻħƣſ棬ղŻһ¡
ŮҶһɽУҲ̲סһͺ͵ط׻ľУݺݵѹ¡
ţҶ츩ݺݵԸеĺ촽ͬʱ˫ƣҲʩչСġǳ֮֡¼˽ÿһ缡
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֮ǰΪ⣬׻һҹãѾҶͷˡ
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Ƭ̵ʱ䣬㴫Ӽ
ҶһʿĴ£һǰ
ûЩһ̻ԻͣͨΨһ⣬Ǿܸߣǻʹߵһ
Ҷ쿴Ϊ߱Ʋ㵲סֻܿһ
̤ǰҶоС·һֻһһ
ɣҶĶߣȻ˹еɣеϣһ̾Ϣ
Ҷ¶ɻǵ˵׼뿪ʱһֻΪҪأ
һ˿ɻҶһʵȥ
ҶٶȺܿ죬ȻֻʵǣûзУ˫ȣȴͬһƵģƬ̵ʱ䣬
ôôҪ뿪۶𣿡
׹ʱվΰ̫â£ɢŵĽɫâ
˸ߵĵطؿ֮ϵգ峿̫ȻôңҲޱȵҫۣɡ
Ҷ壬Ҳһ㵭ɫĹâǰڴ׹Զͣ΢һ
ˮۣˡҶƬ̣˵
š׹͵ص˵ͷ漴ʵң
Ҷһ㶣û뵽ȻᵽϣЩɻ󣬵ҡͷûС
λɹһ㶣ҡҡͷǷһ˿ɬЦݣ̾ϢҺҲѹҡ
Ҷԣٴһ㶣ǳ׺Ϳˣ֪ʹйʲôĹôһ
׹̧ͷϵգ˫֣һ̾ʶٶˣһμӴһȥһ𴳵ʮ˹׹ܹҵ֪ģҲֻһˡ
Ҷɴ۾𾪡
ϧˣΪңΪ˴׹һΪģһǱʮ˹ǿ׹ٴ̾ϢҶһ
Ƕ˵ʲôܣ
Ҷʱгʡ
׹ʱתĿ⣬Ҷ죬ͬʱһֻƿ磬¶ǰѲĺɫ̽
Ҷͫףʱһ֮ɫ
⡭ҶŴͣȴ֪˵ʲôг˾ʡ
һѺɫĶ̽ݺݵزڹ䣬ǹɺɫа㿴һۣҶ춼ܸоеĿ¡
һɱˣҲΨĴ׹ܹ
ǰдҪɱңΪңٵ߸վǰģͲзϵߣŵĴϡ



299 칬
ҶдʱһƬ𾪣û뵽Ϻ͹Ȼ£û뵽Ȼᱻɱ
ѵҶͫһЩľʣܹɱشģֻʮλеһˡ
˲ڿԿģҪȥ롣ƺ֪Ҷ룬׹ҡҡͷ
ҶҲףԼڵʵЩȣشˣο¶Էһָշѹ
꣬Ҫʱ̣ڸһкȻ֣ƺ֪Ҫʱ̣͵Ϯ֡ڣˡ׹Щµ˵
ƺ뵽˵һ̣ϳ˷ŭһ˸йˣô꣬ûҵйߡҵĶŮҽȫʹһһֱڼǡ
ҶĬˣҲµ϶йܣȻǸвôɡ
쵱ʱѾа벽۷ΪҾͻҲֻһˡϧΪ˱ңӲԱ߸ƴشŵסλеļʮιΪȡʱ䡣׹ȭͷߺͲ
ҺȻĻˣһǱʮ˹ǿһλ׹ǳӲͻԱΪĻˣԱȫ׹
ϧû
϶ΪΪţŻİɣʵǴˣˣûаٶǼ£Ҳ⼸ˡ
֪ܲٶǴڵģٶˡ
׹˵
ǣҶԣʱɻˡ
֪׹˵ĺܶ࣬Ϊƾϵʵд׹İһٶţ׾١
ʵٶһֱ쵱ӣΪıĥšΪžϹˣΪ˲ŵĵи˰ٶˣһδμŵĵӡ룬ûаٶŵĻŵˣĹԣһĶ𣿡׹Ҷ졣
Ҷ𺳣жϳ˾壬ı׸жˡϣΪ̫ˣš
һַǳа
׹ָŲǰѺɫ̽ʹ޵˵Һ쵱ֹֹܵҺ֪ʱ䲻ˣҪʱ䣬Ϊһ˿ϣҪʱ䣬Ϊ׹ϣ
ϣ㣡׹Ҷ졣
ĺܸм죬ˣҲϣ׹Щ˷ܺͼ
Ҷʱо˼ϣž޴ѹ
ƺܵҶĽţ׹һЦ㲻Ҫģ츳Ҫ˲ֹٱܳΪ޵ο㡣
ʱʵ츳ǺܸߣڴҲֻǰʮѡڷɵǾ칬õʽ޵еľУΪһ޵
磬˵
Ҷ֪˲ٵš
칬ԹʹڣڱϿյһȺ뱱½˵칬Ϲһɵڣͳ½һӵǿߵĳɡ
׹һ̾ʱ飬ǿҲֵסʱĽʴ칬ûʱĳ֮С
Ҷзǳ𶯣ӵе֪칬Ĵˡ
һǴ죬ǰҶ죬ʽھ칬еõģϣȥһ˾칬
ڶҲ˵ˣ칬Ǳʮ˹꿡Ƽĵط콾Ĵߡ
ǹˡ
ҲǴӹҶŶԾ칬˽⣬û뵽ǾȻһϹŴɵڡ
꣬һ칬ΪսǷֿˡٴʱҾͷʽͬ޵СʱΪǳ£ȻЩ콾ĴߵĶ֡
뿪칬֮һֱչΪ츳ȻߣΪֻҪʱ䵽ˣȻˮɡʱû֪ƽ꣬Ϊһ޵ֻҼʶʽ֪Ժĳɾ͡
ȻΪ֮ʽųӦеĹâ˺һ̣ɾ޵ͷѹ˵Ĵߺ콾Ϊʮλ֮µǿߡ

׹յĻ֮У˵һһš
Ҷ칧ţû뵽ϻ£һ棬һĴ档
ĳ֮սնɱһλ״ӣλԶ֣ȫ֣޷ķӵˡս£ʮ˹ˣ޵֮ҲǴӴ˱Ƶġ׹˵
Ҷ𾪣ϻ湻ţƵģһ޷նɱʵѹֱΪ޵еĴڡ
мҪ㣬Ϊ쵱˲ˣҵ˵ʵǳǿòҪ¶ݡȻھ칬⡣׹Ҷ죬һ
Ҷ˵ͷͲְͷˣºʵΪʲôھ칬оͿԱ¶ݣ
Ϊ칬һĵط걻ؽϵǿߣ޷ȥΨÿαǳʱŻһЩʱʮλһ֣ſһЩ꿡ܽȥ
ֵһǣƺصֻһµ߽ȥһϵģֻһͨˣȥ
׹Ц˵
˼Ҷ¶֮ɫж칬ӺˣһطЩŵء
ѹֹ˵ھ칬Ա¶ݣΪһһָһҶвģҲֻ콾Ĵ߶ѡ
ڶҶ˵вĲֻĴ߶ѣ콾Ѿټɵˡ
סھ칬УһҪȫԵҪµˣɱĴߺ콾ҲҪġֻҪȡ˻ԵͻΪʱ츳ʮ˹˭κβ㡣
ҵʱҲˣʮ꣬ҾҪˡһ䣬κ϶ûǴ׹ʱڣᱻ
ԣʮ֮ڣһҪٲҲҪΪ޵
׹Ҷ죬֮ɫ
Ҷصص˵ͷе˾޴ѹʱôҲû뵽׹ȻѾߵľͷ˵ȥûŰɡ
ȥɣ󣬾ǰ칬ҪΪֻȥԵҪʱ򣬿ԲֶΡ׹ѵת¿֮ϵĽ
Ҷʱһ̾ϵĽȽȽȴ֪ǰĹ׹е̫䡣
ͻѾ֪ˣҪ
Ҷ׼뿪ʱ򣬶ߴһ
ʱҶһ죬˸ͷ
Ĵ׹΢΢𣬸һĨЦݡ


300 뿪۶
뿪ʹ֮Ҷ̧ͷգɫѾˣֱŸۿڡ
ʱơƾɽϼˣͬ˳칫ս׼ȥмˣҲиԵĴ㡣
ףһ·˳磡Ҷ»С
칬һȥģʱپۡ˻ص
£޴սų⻺ȥ
Ϧ£һȺ꿡վڴͷһɫ硣
ȥҲ
ȻĻˣҶ֪ǵĿʼ

صֺҶϾͽչ״̬
תۼ䣬±ȥˣڴڼ䣬»ѾȻȥ۶Щ꿡ܣҲ˾ųɾš
۶¥֮еۣȻΧһ
ΪһһҶ죬˵Ǵ׹Ϊ׹һš
ʥּҲʱ£Ҷ׵ĳƺţҲ׹һʱĺ䶯
һ죬Ҷڴӱչ֮ѣϸ鿴һԼ״̬зǳ⡣
ΪѾȶˣһ֮ڣһܹͻƿ߼Ҷ찵뵽
һΣΪʹصԵʣΪ࣬µĿޣŽȶʹȫԼڵ
ͬʱҶҲʱ䣬˼һԺ֮·
ΪֻҪˮɣ߼ֻʱ⡣ɱ¾ɰľ磬Ҫ̫һɾ磬Ҫ֮·Ҫķ־档
оתս壬ҲܷĲľתս壬ҪɫҪԡѪѪ壬ܴƼޣɵĲ㡣תս壬ҪɫɹʱͲҪˡ
ܽһԼʵҶƶ˽滮ȷĴ㡣
ΪʹصİΪѾﵽ۷壬Ϊ˵ʱˡ
־ǸܲܽҪ־Ƿﵽɾ硣
Ҷǿɱ¾⣬ҲŴﵽɰľ磬Ϊ˵̫ˡܾȵĴ߽ʱ϶Կ
̫⣬ҶŸոֻһɾ硣
ʽΣҪ̫⣬Ҳ֮ܽҪʱ
ʣµľתսĲ㣬Ҷ쵹ǴﵽҪ󣬿Գ
ѪȴһؼòѪϴ񣬸޷ɵĲ㡣
Ҷһ±¼ҵйѪļأʵνѪѪ
Ҫ֪ǿǿ𼶱ĳǿߣһףʮ˹ˣҶôȥѪ
תսĲҪѪʵһ֮ѪһЩ߽ޣοԱΪ
צͷнǣȫƬͷǳ޴
ܹ߷ǳϡ٣ܹɹģ͸ϡˡ
¼浹ǼһϢϳʱڱһϻɽ֮С
ҶЦǣͷΪ㱱ʮ˹Ĺֻ֣ܻͷ޷նɱ
ҶԱһԼΪĵԼҪȥĻΪ
ѹ޷Ҳûľתս塣Ҷ֪޷Ҳɫ꣬ҲĲľתս塣
ֻҪɵĲľתս壬ǿ󣬱ɶսǿߡ
޷ݣǱӦÿһλֲŶԡȻǿ֣߳ҲκβͷοնɱȡѪ
Ҷ̾˿òʱתսĲĴ㣬磬ͷ⡣

֮Ҷһֱڵȴ׻
빫˴к֮Ҷ׻𣬳һս뿪˵۶
Ҫȥ
ͷһǣ׻Ҷţʵ
ȥֿ׼ҵļ˽ӵѩǴҹѩҲڱѩҵĸĸúôѩҶ츧Żм˵㷢˵
Ҷ˼Ȼ棬ڱѩÿԽҶҵ˹ҲҶһ
Ҫ谡ô˵һû׼ء׻С죬صҶһۡ
ҶЦЦ׻Ը񣬵ǺǰЩĽŮ࣬Ͼš󵨣ЩŮһء
һеûмһҶͷŽε촽
޴սϦԣԶ۶

ҡ
塢ɡֵܾһǰһȥ
ʱѾȶȻܶ䣬ȴǿµˡ
ɱܵôصƣûһǱ´ġ
Ҷ컹ǵ͹ҵԴԴı£ƻָٶȾˣаʱ䣬ܳ׻ָˡ
ˣҲԵͷ֮ޣʱ䣬һֱںλܵ飬ôԸҶ졣
ǰ岻мڰɱ֣ΪĿԼܾ֡
һΣͬ׶ԺĴ֮һ޷磬òʤҶ죬ԴҲòԼҶ졣
ڵɱ⣬ӵķˡ
ģһҪˣʧϡ
պãɺҲǳʹҶ죬ֵһ֣;ֲҶ졣
ⲻҶŸո뿪۶һλ֮ˣֵˡ
϶סȵ뿪󣬱һӣ׺ݵ˵磬СӼȻ˵۶ǲǿԶˣ
һԵܣҲЦ
ҶȻǿ󣬵Ͼ꿡ܣȻܶԸҶ죬ȴ붯ҵһλǿ߳֡
˵ףҶ۷壬Ϊ棬޷һǿ
Ϊ׹һң벽⣬ʮż˼ǿߣ١
ˣֵܸûаҶ
ڴܵܣ尵ҡͷĵ׳յܻܵǲϣ°ֵУѾҴˣ˵кǲܶСӳ֡
ô죿һʱˡ
Ҳɻؿ壬Ȼ֪Ҷĺ⣬Էô׷
ֻЦһ£Ҳ֣ܳ˲ܳ֡ƶƻÿƻɱһΣҾͲܹ
ɡֵԣʱϲæѯʡ
豭Ʒһ£Ȼ˸űɱ⣬˵һѾǮ롮˳ˣǵİɱֶΣûʧܹ
ɡֵһʱȻȻ֪ɱֵĿ£ǿʮ˹߶ѵġ
СˡɹЦ
ȴǺʵ磬Ȼе֣㻹ƻء
Ȼɱַǳ£ΪԷһһǰƻ˵гɱ⡣
֮ƶƻҶĺﵽ˼£ɱҶ죬ͷ֮ޡ


301 ı
ҪΪѩĿɲô򵥵ģҵҪôġߣ
ļƻϸҲԤϵһжˣ㹻ţԿɱҶ졣
ˡɱ⣬ҵƣ˱ѩɶԼαѩҶ죬
⣬һЩѩɢǿߣҲ尵кˡ
֮ѩһˮҶͻȻΪѩĿд׹ܣҲܵܶ鷳ġ
һأ漰̫ˣҶͻȻȻܵѩż
ҶܹЩЭҶЭ
壬ҲܹµҶ첻κЭģĽǾҶҪͱѩһУǿΪ𣬿ɲ˵˵ˡ
û㹻ʵйҶҲܳΪһĿ
ǣҶ컹һߣעܵѩż
ĵڶƻñѩԸҶߡ
ǣͷЩ׼ԸҶ죬Ȼˮɡ
ڱѩЩɢޣ帶һЩ֮ϾʹӦˣҪҶһЩ鷳
СЩɢޣ֮ҲǿߣЩƢŹֵĶߣ޷죬˭͸ҳ֡
ٺ٣ǴֶΣ׾ٵؾѩؿ塣
϶ӲǺɻɵѩЩ͸ΪʲôãñѩЩЩ׳ˡ
尵ҡҡͷ϶츳УıͲһЩҪһء
磬ҶСӵı𣿡Ц
αѩйϵ𣿡Ȼɻ
ȻйϵߵҶ˱ѩĿӵѩΪʦţ϶Ҫѩչŵĸ߲ǰ׳ˡ
һ϶ռ˱ѩЩһЩ棬˫ͬˮ벻򶼲Сʱӹ硣
ˣһԴȻؽе԰ҲˣʵûǣѩЩҲСӺùġ
ҲмһѻǶĸһЩɭЦ
磬ĵƻأκʵǰƻҶ켸ˣ㲻ҲҪһƤ
Ҳؿ塣
һ£¶Цݣƻͬǽ赶ɱˣѵǴ׹Ǵκ
κȡ
磬κǴ׹УͨеĻ֪ҾʹͷˡܳɣЩ侲ġ
͵ص˵ͷЦܣˣֻųһЩϢʱȻᶯ֡
˵Цѵ޵ͷȭͷġڴڼ䣬ĵˣʤЩ˿϶ŹĴ˵ġңκҲҶһšɳģҵͿеɱ⣬ûǵϢҲҶֵġ
˼ˣϾȥˣǽҶ츳ȫɢȥܶʱȻ漴һɭ˵
ֻҪȴϢˡ
ٺ٣
ֵͬʱɭЦ

ɹĻǺӣҶ׻һ·Ƶظֿ
ΪʲôأΪҶʱҪ뿪׹ˣô˻ᣬȻҪúһ׻
罺ᣬ»һ㣬һΣͣһΣһ·Ƶģڰ󣬲Żصֿ
ʱϢѾ׹
ֿΪҶĳأȻ͵õ֪ͨţֿһƬ˷֮С
Ҫ֪ΪһҶҫҲֿҫŵҫ
ʱֿߣ͵Ҷףһ
ʧģҶ׻ˣȻȻȥš
ţôˣ㲻˵ҪȥǼ𣿡׻һǰɽ漴СԴɻؿҶ졣
Ҷ˳㷢оһߵҪΪѩĿɲô򵥵ģҪһЩ֡
˵ѩЩ𣿺ߣѾ䲼ʥּѵǻ췴𣿡׻ܴһӾͲ³Ҷĵǡ
һȺСѣҲֻڰﵷʦͼλѩǻҷҶЦ
ܹϵ飬ҶܹͬԤϵõ˴㡣
߰ɣǽȥҶ׻֣ӰһŵС֮С
һС磬һϤϢ
Ҷ˵žһңÿλеܰ

һǿ־ɨ
Ȼʱ̼ڣҶûΣһӾͱһλŵĳϷˡ
ţִϣ
һҶΣʱϲ
ִϻˣ
ִϻˣ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ŵ֮УɳһӰ
һЩŵĵӣҲվڸߴعš
ִҶ죬žһ棬ܶŵŵӣҶĴ˵һ·ɳġ
ҶΪĵһʹǴﵽ۷壬Խˡ
ö˰쿴Ƕڻӭء׻ǰһĻˣû뵽ҶŵôߣһܹӵеŵҲ˰ɡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦĿһɨˣǰһȺȥ
ǳϡϡ峤ϣмһЩŵĳϣӭˡ
ûг֣Ͼһ֮ܲӭһӰɣⲻǡ
ͽݼʦ𣡡Ҷǣ׻𣬶ǳϹһ
׻˶ţҲߺ죬Ҷһǳ
ݴ½ʦ͵ͬڸĸЩȸĸҪף׻𲻸Ҳ
ϾԽǿߣԽǳϵʵµȵҶĸĸˣûʱȻҶס
ãããǳοЦݣæҶ׻
һﵱ˹ʺˡһԵ峤ϿһĻʺĽвѾȥĴ찵һ١ҪҪҶˣû뵽ǳϡ
ǺǣϺǺЦţһο֮ɫ
ĸƾӹʦͽܶǰһĻ
ȺУ촽ҧ۾ҶԵ׻һ˫۾У
ˮʫ϶ˣҲɫӵؿǸҫˡ
ʱһݽţһһȻȴԽ˦ԽԶֻȺУҫıӰ
ߵ磬Щ£Щûʷ֮С
ŵһڣʤ̧ͷŴѹѹȺһ̾ҶӮ죬ȴ˺󱲡ʦ𣬻˵öԣѾ̭ˡ


302 
ͻȻȥҲͻȻ
ҶŴ˽죬ٶ뿪˵ء
⣬һ뿪ģǳϡϡ峤ˣԼλµһЩӡϣһٶˡ
ǰǵ·ϡ
ҶЦŶһߵǳ˵εǴ󷽣Ȼʦλһرѩ
ȷʵǳȣֻϣһܹ뵽ʦǳ϶ѣϾλŶǶ׷뿪
û뵽ûҶ쿪ڣʤбֱǳϡϡ峤һҶȥرѩ
һҶ֮⣬еɻ
һԵǳϺԣɵ΢΢һЦһյģ
峤ߵСӱ˻֪ûϼһžһ졣
ҶԶʱȻںЩ˵ܹõǳ˵İɱʲôǿ
Ҷ첻ٶ룬Ǻλоѩľ
ǳ϶ͽܷǳأ˱ѩѩҪֱѩǹš˫šȭţڼδεĿǾĴ
һ챱ѩ֪ķˣѩǹŵĵӣڱѩѩǹŵ󡣱⼸Ϊƽ⣬Ϊĳ֣ƽ
ǳ˵տҶ졣
Ҷһأѩƣ֮еĻҪ鷳
ϵѩǹڱѩռ˺ܴĵ̣Ϊĳ֣̾Щˣǻ²ôסϷ
ʲôǹѩҶģѵǻ췴ɣ峤ƢȻ𱬣ں˵
ҶҡҡͷʦڱѩѾٹ̣ǽ𣬲ȻǸǣϾɱǡ
һ챱ѩܹ֮վȽŸҲǿѩǹŵİ˫˴˺ҪڱѩվȣҲҪһУûʲôĹϵ²ôסϵͷ
Ҷԣʱ뵽ǰϾһ
Ϊ˵õѩһİ˽飬Ǹܡ
룬ҶҡͷҲǺġ
ѰˣҲ򲻹Ҳ޷ƣƾǼˣһɶǳüͷ
˶ʱ˼
ҶҲ˼ܽѩľסĳȥ
ʱúܿ죬Ǽִ￤ǵʱ۾һ¶Цݡ
ǳϿϵģʱЦģȻ뵽ʲô⣬˵
Ҷ峤ԣǺؿϡ
°һСӣ۾Цʵܼ򵥣ֻǽ뵽̫ˡ
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峤ûôƢæȵ˵ӡ
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ҶЩȣ˸Цôҵǵҵɣ
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ҶԣʱȻû뵽޳
ӣҶ첢ûСԷ֮ǰ־츳ǳˣֻҪʱ䣬ԻΪǿߵġ
ǰֿۣѾֿһĶ֮ϡ
Ҷ󣬴˺ӣʵԻһǧ֮䣬˵һս
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ǳ˴ܻУǹѩҶ컹ûô׳ա


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Ҷʱϲؽ˹ϵĵҩһٸޡ

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ȻҶѾ˺ܶ꿡ܳݵĶǱѩ꿡ܣΪҶеԺ
ס֮ҶһҪı⣬ţûıѩ
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̫ˣǱȭȻóȭھתսǰֵһᡣ

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ңһλȭŵĳϷƺأȫȡ䣬Ҳ䵽ⷬģ
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һ֮ǰƵģҶҲֻһʹˡ


306 
ȭС磬һϵĹ֮ڡ
Ҷ졢ϡȭȭŴ̶ڣֻĸˡ
ĬƬ̣ȭȿ˵֪׵ǰᣬкιɣ´һҶ죬һ⡣
һԵϣͱȭŵĴϣĿ񣬰ѵطҶͱȭŽ̸
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Ҳ׵ǹԲıѩϷȻǱȭҲֻǱѩ֮ڵǰƳȭ۾ɫ˵
Ҷϼһ˵ˮ©ٶ˵ϻ˵ȻˣҶĳֱˡ
ȭ˵ͷؿҶ죬Ȼ
Ҷһһԣ漴˵أҶĳ⣬ҲҶĳȻǹԲıѩұϾէźͱѩһЩ²˰ɡ
׵˵ЦˣйǱѩĿҵȼССɿɵġȭΪļӣЦ
Ҷ쳹ûƢˣϼһþã˵Ļһ㶼ûз϶β
ŶȻЦϼһҶ֪Ϻ򽻵ֱɣʮǶԷĶ֡
£ҶߵҶĳֱ˵ɣҶĳڱѩȤŵģҲǷֿڱѩȫһ⣬ҶĳֻҪҵƿ֮УطȻƿأΣ
׵˵ЦˣǱѩѩȻƿ֮УǱȭſɲռسȭȻ˵
Ҷ۾֪ԷԼĻ΢΢˼һ£漴ʵҶĳ츳Σ
ȭԣ¶֮ɫ̾׵츳֮Ľ̫׻Ҫǿ׹һ
֪ҶĳѾʮˡҶ쵭˵
ʲô
ôܣ

ȭһ𾪵ؿҶ죬ԱߵıȭŴϣҲ۾֮ɫ
׵츳·ʮ˹Žǰ
ȭͱȭŴһ֮ɫ
Ǵǰֻ֪ҶΪһ츳Ƿδ뵽ҶͲŶʮꡣ
ݴ½Ĺ涨ʮֻ꣬ҶȴѾվһ۷塣
ٹʮʮ֮Ҷĳɾжߡ
಻ţҶĳϱѩ棬˵һССıѩ׹ҶĳҲ⡣Ҷĳ׷硣Ҷտտš
⻰ܿǱȭͱȭŴ϶ûлҶĻԷ츳Ǳ
һ۴еıȭͱȭŴϣҶ˵ҶĳҪܼ򵥣ֻҪǣĵطʱôԺҲôҶĳùܡ
˵ҶĻת䣬ߵ˶ҶĳĻôҶĳҲȵʮʮ֮ҶĳٴλصѩЩҶĳˣָ˵
˻һڶʱѻȸ
ȭĿһ䣬ŶҶ죬׵вҵ𣿡˵գһɰ벽ƣϯ
ϺͱȭŵĴϣ˿̶ɰ벽ѹסˡ
ǣǵɴ۾𾪵ǣҶ쾹Ȼǿվ
ʵܲţҽʮʱܻأҶһ޷ԶĿ⣬ݺݵӭıȭ
ʱҶϣһ֮ƣȻ󣬵ȴסҶȫñȭƣ޷ӽҶ졣
˶ǳ𺳡
ʮϵǿߣȻ֪ҶѾ֮ƣޱȷڡ
ȭɫ˿ڱˣŶŵҶ죬¶һ˿ɬЦݣ̾ϢˣСˣ϶а
Ӵ׵Сѣɳƺת䣬ԿȭǷˡ
ڵƣűȭһ̾Ϣ漴ʧӰ١
ȭŴϣʱҲ̾С츳ʮ꣬ȴѾ֮ƣĴ߶ȲϡȻʧȥǰֻҪСڣͬǰڣй֮
˵գȭͱȭŴϣĽ֮ɫǱȭôûء
һԵϣʱҲ֮лعҶĿУϲɫѾҶ츳ĺܸˣû뵽ԼСҶ졣
֮ư벽֮УҲûܹ֮Ƶġ
˵ֻҪ֮ƣһֻ̤硣
ټҶǿ츳˵Ҷ벻ˡ
һ̣ǳ׵˿ĵ죬԰ϢˣҶһ죬žͲʧ
ҸղŵĽ飬ôҶٴʵ
һΣȭɫһвСҶ죬ǽںԼͬȵλϣ֣ص˵СѵĽ飬ֻұȭ˵ϷЩɣϷ˿Сƿ⣬طǱȭſԷֳɵøСѡ
һԵıȭŴһ֪ɵǷǳӴģһıѩҲֻõһɵѡ
ȭŴϲûֹȭǶҶ츳ˡڸɱȵʮ֮ҶʵǺڽľ
Ȼд⣬ҶĳҲܰã˿⣬طֻҪһɵ档Ҷ쵭˵ҲɱƼɣһﲻˬļ˴Σô죿
˵ףҶ첻ںЩ棬Ȼɵ
ҪһЩԼûõ棬ȡɵĺøУԱѩͳΡ
ⲻȭԣоһЦ˵С֮ԣϷ¾һλȥǣʱس
Ҷ˵ͷ˱ȭ֧֣ѩڵıȭŵӣԺҪ
Щɢޣ͸Ӳɳˡ
лˣҶĳȸˡҶ칰˹֣׼ٴζҲ֮վ
Сȭֹ̧վҶ죬ʵС׼ȥѩǹź˫Űɣ
Ҷ˵ͷ£óȥ
ȭ״ЦСѣɣϷȥ˵ǣǻϷӵġλѣѵһαȭţϷȻҪúдǣϷԺȥǣ񲻻ƶûúȡ
Ҷһбȭų棬Ҳʡȴ鷳лˣͶлˡ
ȥˣСҪǲ⣬ͽϸɣߵ磬ֻʵ͡ȭˬ˵
ϸ磡Ҷˬؽе
ϵܣȭŶʱЦˡ
ղŻţھͳֵˡ
һԵϣЩĿɿڴ漴ҡͷһЦ


307 ɱϮ
˱ȭǣͷټҶĴ󲿷棬ѩӦ֧Ҷˡ
ҶصǵʱɵĴˣҲ
˫һǢ̸ǴЭ顣
ɵ֧֣ѩʣµСҷҶ졣ûãǱɳһʹߣҶġ
ֵһǣȭŵĴ뿪ʱҶһš
Ǳȭдġ
ҶЩɻ󣬵ϡ峤ϡǳϵ棬ֱӴ
ȻҸĹźҶǸһĨЦ
ô£峤ɻʵ
Ҷ콫ŽϺǳҲ̿ꡣ
˵ɵôǵ˶ԭǱ󵷹峤Ͽţһŭ
ϺǳҲ֮ɫ
һı¶ˮ档
ҽ赶ɱˣˣ˫ֻΪ˶ԸҶ졣
ȭǲұ¶ҵģһ뵽ҶĿֲ츳š
⣬ȭᵽҳ˹⣬˱ѩһЩɢޣҪҶ鷳ҶСĵ㡣
ȼţٺһ㡣Ҷ˵
֪Լڵʵû취ҿ⣬ֻҪ˰벽ô׹˭塣
Ѫħڰ벽ʱԽɱǿߣҶҲܡ
ʱҪ̡
ϡǳϵ˵ͷҶǡأǷǳˡ
ˣҶСӣ׼ʲôʱߣ峤ʵ
񣬱ѩѾ꣬ҶȻҲ˳ȥʱˣϾ˵ΪҪġ
ҶԳ˼һ£̧ͷ˵Ҿߡ
ô죿峤Ͼ
ãҵıʧˣѱǲı뿪׹áֻҪ뿪˴׹ҵκβ㡣˵
һԵǳϵ˵ͷ⣬һСģǧκˣܶţǱ˳ˡ
ͽûôɵҶЦῡŵ棬š
峿Ҷһˣźɫսյ£ŲõĹâʧʡ

ѩɭ֣λڿǲԶ
Ҷ֮ƬϤɭ֡
ïʢ֣֦ҶܣһƬžֻһЩϡٵ桢ȸԵøġ
ǣ֪˵ܵҶ죬ȴ֪һһĵ
ȻöɫҶѾȡߣʣµҶӣҲǱõĻ־Ч
һôҶӣͬһ䵽бǰ
ͬʱҶͷųԼϢΡ
𣡡
ؾҲ·һ㣬ɽХرѡ
ҶͷųϢ˲䣬ٴб֮չҶǵһĲƶ
ȻҶĽɫҶӣܷŭһӦҶϢ֡
ѩɭ֣ʱˣһÿòεضһƬط֮У¶һÿȳǳһ޴Ĳ

Ҷȡ±սǷŵЦݣߵ㣬սޡ
һ
սĺɫΧĹâһƬڰһµľâݺնǰ
𣡡֮Уһ˫޴۾ųҵĹâڶһ㣬Ҷɱ
õĵâʣнɱһ޴Ĵ֡
սǳңҶû˿ʵʮС磬ʮ̫еһһҫۡ
ǳǿ󣬵е߼ʱЩȴҶЧ
޴̫ͼҶǰһйΪޡ
Ѫɫĳӣʹ·֮ϵӣԪڲϣֲϢһս
ǰСӣȵʱǿ˺ܶ౶־ŭ֣Ҫߡ
κʵ̫ˣҶ쵱ɰӣݺݵغš
ʱû˱ѩϰ㱻Ҷһնɡ
һ£ܣһ֩ƵѺۣɺѪҺΪˡ
Ȥ
Ҷǳȣû뵽ǳɾˣȻѪҺ
ѪҺ͸ҲǷҶܿ͸ӦѪҺĲæȡһƿӣռ
ȵռĲʱҶ׼ȡЩҶӣڴʱëȻжȻһɱĺ⡣
áҶɫ䣬æƶһʩչһ죬ٶȷǳ졣
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ҶƿʱһĳҶնһĽâǰг롣
ⳤˣһȫںеˣϢ֮䣬ѾҶǰ
˭ҶȵȻӭһ貵Ľâžɷľ
Ҷսʩչʽ޴̫ͼԼǰ
ǶԷһǳֱҶ̫ͼҶɳȥ
Ҷľתսﵽ㣬ͷǳǿûˣֻоѪڡ
ûʱ俼ǣҶʩչһ죬ĺ롣
ֱվһϣҶʱԷжʱһǵɱ֣
Էװ磬еȱǹɱֵɱҲ˵ơ
ʱҶзǳţӸղŶԷһͷ̫ͼԿóԷżϵǿߡ
յеȱԤ⣬λɱ֣ܾܿʮ
ҶżǿһսʮǿߣǾֻ·ˡ
ڵʵʮһξ룬˼һս
ңλʮǿߣһλɱ֣һʮҪǿöࡣ
еʵѹһôҲҪɱ㡣αɱûȡ֮еЧĺˣҲ¶һ˿һɸǿҵɱ
ңҶмŨŨķŭģȵһҪ塣
ԽţҾԽϲɱ㣬ɱһţɱһ벽гɾ͸С˸ûаҶǲмɱڡ
ҶɫһλʮǿߣӶѡ
ҶԼѪնʽӦȱˡ
Ǵ˿̣ҶȴԼһ㣬Ǳı¡
ѪնʽҶЦͬס
磬ҶͬףһЩǿˣɲ츳ЩϱǿߣҶͬ޵Уʲô
ǣҶһı£ô򲻹ˣҲߣڱѩޡ
ϧǣֱڣҶž쵽Լ㡣
г˼֮䣬ĺɱ֣ѾǱĳ͸Ҷ쵨Ϣ
ȻԷ׼ȫˡ


308 
ҶԴս׼ʩչʽһֻ֣Ҳ˴ϵı׼ʩչѪն
ͬʱľתս壬ҲҶ߶˼¡壬һɫ֣ɢŽеĹˡ
֪Էʵǳǿ󣬸ұһʵʮС磬Ѿ׼ʱ
ڶ棬һĳΧĹâɢž˵ɷ·ڰе飬ӵϮ
΢΢𣬴һ˿мЦ⣬ƮƮһ㱬˿ֲҶе嶼·𱻽ˡ
̫ǿˣ
Ҷһ֪Լڵʵƴ򲻹Է
ʮ߼̫ԶˣҶ츳Ҳ޷ࡣ
ңһɱ֣Ҷ󱲣ҲûйսһִɱҶʤ
㱼䣬ҶоСһʹ۽ȥɫһ䡣ֻһѪۣѪǸղűԷĳ
ҿһղһ˲䣬ԷĳԽҶ쿪ƶǡ
һ죿ĺˣüһ˿ȡ汻ҶʵˣҲеɱʢΪ֪һӹԺض
ߣҶһѸԷľ룬־ѾͨСеĺף׼ʹˡ
˵ģ򲻵ѣҶ첻ԸʹϾⶫɱһ벽ʮǿϣֵá
ʱҶ첻òʹѡ
Сӣ츳ȷĴˣϧûгɳţȻߣգļա
˲˷ʱ䣬һ䣬ڱʮǿ
ʱΧնһ
ֲɽһ㣬Ӻ˵ϣϯա
ɭĽâһ磬ڲռ֮УҶֱ
ҶܹܵһҲܿõƥĽâȴֵ
̫ͼһ˲ˣʵ̫ʽҲ޷ԷĹҶеսʧȡ֮һźԲ
ͬʱҶŶĺˣиһ˿Ȼ
׼ʹúˡ
һɱһ˵ɱҪնɱҶ졣
Ҷս˺ף׼
Ȼʱ·𱻽ˡ

Ӧǿռ䱻ˡ
Ҷͫ׽оԼȻ֮޷ˣȫ£һָˡ
壬ڰУҲϲˣҲ²ˡ
ͬʱĺˣҲ˰УеĳҶֻʮ֮ԶȴҲ޷ǰ벽
Ҷһ˵ɴ۾һˡ
ϸ֣ͻῴΧҶȸľȵȣһˣ綼ֹͣ˴һƬš
ⳡǳ죬Ҷͺ˶Ŵˣг𺳺;֡
Լ˼룬ˣʱ޷벽
ҶܹԼؿڵǷǳʵδйĳԴ׹Ҳ³
Ҷּ֣ˣڴʱԶУһϤӰҶ
ڴ˹УҶѾԶˣǶĺˣȻ޷
ҶףŶ泯ϤӰ֮ɫ

ҶĴμˣһڱѩʱԷѩɭ֣õƬɫҶӡ
ϤףԼЦݣҶʱһƬڡ
Ȼû¶ʲôǿƣǴӸղŵһǰ꣬Ҫǿ
Ҷв֪ô˵ˣ˿̣Ȼ龳Ϊʱ֮
ǵ͵İϻװư
Ҷд
Ҷ֣Ҫɱ𣿡һЦҲ֪Ҷʱ𾪣ͬΪƵӣؿһԻڽ֮еĺˡ
ʱҲҶʶѾڲˣҪ֪Ҷ챳һڣҲɱҶ찡
Ļ˴˿ֵؿҶ죬¶֮ɫ
ϧˣɱ֣ҶûһøС
ɱ
û֣Ҷϵıźȥ
ʱѪⱬ䣬һѪܵԴӰ䡣Դ棬һ˫;ֵ۾˻ںޡ
һʮǿߣҶĵ¡
ҶЩ˷ܣɱ֣ɱǿˡ
뵱ǵޱңǳߣƣЩǿߣնɱɱ֣ȴˡ
һҶһܴ
ΪΪ󣬿´׹Ҫվ
ҶܺݣΪζԷŴΰ
еĻɣҶ쿴ƵҶ֣ҿɲҽܣǰ㻹ǱЦˡ
Ҷǳƣһֱ;أû뵽Էôǿ
ԣһЦҶ죬̶ҡҡͷɲУҰõÿˣôĳǰôҲǰ˵أ
Ҷ켷˼۾
ҶûĿЦʱԺһƬг˼
ãʶãҶǳصôˣһֱûõϢ
Ҷڵ۶꿡ܶˣЩ꿡ܳļʶ㣬ȴû֪õ䡣
û뵽ǰʶܾõȻ֪õ䡣
Ҷ
ûйõһġҶ켤ӣ¶һ˿ͣҶĿУҲһ˿͡
ǰ֣֪õҶż
𼱣ҡҡͷ̾ϢѾ뿪˱ʮ˹ݴ½ϣҪҵǸܵġ
ʲôҶԣʱˡ
ѹһֱҲãԭԷѾ뿪˱ʮ˹ȥң׹û뿪οȥݴ½ˡ
ңҵ¶ֻк档漴
ΪΣҶüͷֲõԤС
Ϊʵ̾ϢһϴһҶ죬漴ҡҡͷڵʵûҵãͻ·ˡ
֡Ҷ˵ڣô·ϣһʱ˵ڡ
ƺ֪Ҷ뷨ЦҡͷָңҴȥҲֻ·һ
ΪڵɣҶǰ׳գܹ߳ʮ˹ɣ϶ǿޱȿ¡
ڵɣڣݴ½ǿɡڻڣһλǿİʥݴ½ǿߡ˵ͷ漴˵
ʥҶ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ǰ벽ʥ˵
Ҷʱһ


ڰ˾ 칬


309 
֮ϣʣ֮ϣۡ
֮ϣ֮ϣʥ
ڱʮ˹һλǿߣܹһΪһ
ҶڵΪ綼޷ӣοǸߵʥ硣
Ҷ˵ǿߵʵԸ컻ˣô˵еʥºñˡ
Ҷû뵽ڵɣȻôǿʵгѹ
ܹܵ˵Σգʲôˡ
ЩįҶ죬̾˿õ츳ǳݴ½һģǻڵʥŮǴˣӦ֪ڵʵϲ㣬Ҳһ𡣡
ҪʲôΪãҶսȭͷܲġ
ۣ֮£ڸֻۣдﵽ۾磬ʸ׷ãҪڿأҪΪСĬһ£ʵڿȥҶĿ⣬Ż˵
ĻҶĬˡ
ۣ

ҶĴﵽ磬滹ʡۡ˵ʵڵģԼģҪﵽ𾳽磬ţҲ֪еļѡ
ǶʱڿɵģҪ꣬ǧꡣ
һصѹ
Ҷʣãǰٶ࣬ҲҪȥ
ôʱ֮Уѱ⣬Ͼ꿡̫ˣҲǳصģ˭֪ûܵá
ƺ֪Ҷеĵǣļ˵ģڻڵĵλܸߣһڣû˿Ա顣ֻһǾǾʵԽǿԽãȵ۾磬һԽȥڼá
лˣ֡Ҷм֪ԷΪã֪Էǧʮ˹Ϊ˰зǳм
ô˵ҲǱģദϿˣáЦ˵
ڻڹΣҶʵ
ܺã츳ǳǿܵڵ֧֣û˸ҶԸ㾡ܷġЦʮ˹ʱþѾһˣڲѾӽˡ
ʲôҶԣʱˣš
һЦ˵Сֵģ磬ĸΪʡҴϸӦϢܺãȻõùӦ֪Чðɣ
־Ҷ˵ͷзǳңܹõ˼ˡֱֻ̫ˣʮ˹ҲҲٶֱӽˡ
Ц˵ݴ½ֱкܶࡣ룬ԻڵӴԿԵõֱ뿴ô౦Ķѻ£õΪܲѸ𣿡
ҶʱĬˣڱʮ˹ϡ٣ݴ½ޱߣԻڵӴȻԵõܶ౦
Ҽǵãֻһʱ䣬һͽֱӽ硣꣬౦֧£ټ츳ѣٵؽʾ硣˵
Ҷԣ࣬˱˰һһΣգʵ
ãֻһʱ䣬ֱӽ
˵ģҶкܲƽ⣬ԷõĻһ̫۸ˣֱͬһˡ
ʱҶܵ˾޴ѹöǿô࣬Կ
ûĵǣҪ𾳽磬ƾʲôһ
Ҷս˫ȭһƬᶨг˶Ŀ
ҹעܾˣ츳Ҳˣݴ½ҲȥҶļ
˵Ҷ첻˷ۣȥǹӣ˵İɡ
Ҷ֪츳۱ʮ˹Ƕģڹݴ½ǾͲֵһˡ
ҶҲӹ濴Щµĺӣ츳ǳţû꣬һѣһɫɫꡣ
Щʥĺӣ츳͸ӿֲˡ
ҪйЩʧҶ죬ʵ˵츳ԺʽǼ򵥵ĵؽ似ҾӦһʥ似ĲȱңҲܺܿ似ȴˣԱԳˡ
Ҷ첻֪ʵжôǿ󣬵ǶԷȻԿóʽԴġ
˵ԼԣҶЩԳЦЦ
ֻԼܹôʽҲǿǰļ䡣
Ҷûн¸ҧҧƴҲҪõǿΪۡ
֮⣬صĻھתս츳Ҷ죬еһγһ˿⣬Щܵתս似˵Ǿ似ˡֻҪܹתս㣬ǱԴﵽ۾磬ܹ߲㣬ôû˿赲һˡ
Ҷԣ۾ʱһѾתսˡ
԰
似
츳ȲϱΣûлôӴԴΣ
ٻһ似㹻񾳽似
֮⣬Ҷ컹֪ԼĵƣǾꡣţֻҪ̬ڣԽתսߵľ硣
ȻûΪҶܹתսھŲ㣬ֻϣҶܹ߲㣬ǵ㣬Ǳ㹻ˡ
ݴ½ʷϣҲû˽תս͵߲ġ
ڰ˲ġ
ΨһϧǣΪֹ˴似λ⣬Ҳû˽似ھŲ۷徳ˡ
ŬɣҶ֣ҾҪ뿪ʮ˹ˣϣһǼʱܹһλۡŻָĵҶ죬Ц˵
Ҷʱ̧ͷĿЩᣬЩʵ֣Ϊǣ
֪Ϊ϶ǳǿòȥڲãʾ磬ôأѾ˰ɡ
Ҷ²֮ʱѾЦſڣҵΪǺǣѾһλˡ
˻
Ҷ쵹һ
𾳽磬ӿռ壬ӵ˲֪ʲô˲𣿡ЦſҶ졣
Ҷҡҡͷһμ𼶱ǿߣô֪ʲô˲ơ
㿴ӰȻһһ̣ҶٴοʱԷѾڰ֮ˡ
ôܣҶɴ۾һֱȴôҲʧġôһ˲䣬ԷӰͲˣֱ漣
˲ƣЦ˵ֻ֪Ҫһ˲ƣܴӴ˵˲ڴ׹ĵ۶ʮ˹뻨̫Զˣû˲ƵĻ֪²ܸϵõ
ηֱҪܾòˣ֣㱣ءҶ찵ľڲ֪ԼߣôͼǿߣǶݴ½ء
ʮ˹ĸ֣̫Сˡ
Ҷ˿̣гĶ


310 ɫӰ
Ҷ֣أ
֣أ
ҶĿУӰʧ֪Էʹ˲ƣѾ뿪˱ʮ˹´ټ֪Ǻˡ
ۣ𣡡
Ҷҧڵ͸Ųõ⡣
ô˵֪õˣȻǰ֮·ţֻҪһŲܵģվܹɹ
ջߣҶСšѰһȥλɱֵС磬ǳϵǣѰҡҡͷûнȥ
ô£ҶЩɻšС
СȻ£ҡҡͷ
£ҶˣԭС˵ɱֵСûʲô
Щɱ֣ҶеǳһʮǿߣС֮оȻûʲôôΨһԭ򣬱ǶԷĴ㣬Щڱˡ
ҶҲԣһɱ֣ڵѪɱܹɱˣͬҲʧܣɱʱ
ԣɱ֣һ㶼ὫĶڰȫĵطˣЩҲԼ˻ѣᱻ˵õ
ò˵һӢľʱҶ죬ǳơ
һʮĴأǾޱȵķָһأ˵ܵõһЩĵرԼΪһ¥
ϧһжΪڻˡ
Ҷݺݵرһºˣ漴ʬҰǷйһĵ׵Ĳˬ
֮ҶѰ׼ȥǿ
ڴʱѰΪһӰǰȥҶһ
ô£Ҷոɻ󣬱ܿתΪϲãΪ֪Ѱ־ٶǷĳֱԭ
ȻڸѰһξ֮ǰǸϿȣҲڵĵط¶һĵĶѨ
Сʱƨɣ׼Ѩ꣬ģ˷ܼˣҶȷһʲô
Ѩһ˶ߣһ֦ĵطšСŶȥ
һҶ̲ס˸˲оһ
ֺ⣬Ƴ꣬ĺ䡣Ҫ֪ѩƮѩ¶ȱ͵ͣǶ߼Ҷ˵Ѿ¶ȡ
ԣ¶ȶɺĸоʱоĺ⣬ֱ͸һǳĹ졣
ʱҶ췢Լľ֮УʵԪȻһЩЩ͸УƱһ
ҶԪķǳͬһ㣬ܿ͵ָо
ֹĸоҶ˴ʣǿҵĺģšССĵسѨӽ
Ѩ룬Ȿ֦֮أʱ֦ɳȥܻܿһЩϸС֦ѿһ·룬ҶоǹɹĺԽԽǿҡ
Լһʱ֮ҶоԼѾһˣʱӦǹɹĺ⣬ѾòһԪ֡
һξ룬ҶȻоǰһһ޴Ŀռ䣬ǰŽɫĹâƴһ̫Ƶģǳҫ۶Ŀ̲סס۾
һЩָҶϸĿռ䣬϶ʱ
ռ䲻Ǻܴ󣬴Լгôڿռ룬һɫӰ˫ĿƳ˯е飬˻ͷųɽ⣬ռûһϢ
ҶؿɫӰ֮ɫôҲ벻صףȻһΰڡ
Ҷָоǰˣ𾳽Ҫǿ
ǣλǰƺѾˣҶоκε
ͬʱҶеǹɹĺ⣬Ǵ˵ɢġ
֣ǽɣǽûһ˿ůޱǿҵĺ⣬ֱӽ˵Ĺ衣
֪λǰ˭Ӧһλ𱱺ʮ˹ˡ
Ҷзǳ棬ڱʮ˹ʷϣһλʶûгǿ
ҶҲ֪ڱʮ˹֮ǰʷһЩǿߵġ칬Ǻܾ֮ǰĴɣϧΪʱԶЩɡûʷĺ֮С
ҶãǰλǰӦþԶʱϹʱǿߡ
궼࣬治֪λǰǰǶôǿ󡣡Ҷ찵࣬ϸؿһɫǿߣֶԷһ仯ûС
Ȼλǰ˫ĿգǴ˫֣΢΢ͷԼɢƣҶ쾴岻ѡ
Ҷ쳯Χȥܺ棬λǰôڴ˵سߣûʲôϢ
ռ䲢Ҷܿͼһ飬ǲûʲôջ
ɫǿߣɢŽɫĹâΧأʹռγһԲ
Ҷǰȥ΢΢˹ȭǰðţˡ
λǰΣͳԷľΪҶ;ԼӦ
֮Ҷǰ̽λǰ壬˵ʵãԷôǿʲôһǺñ
ʱҶ죬ûзһԵѰ״
Դӽռ֮ѰȻǳ˷ܣȴҽӽλǰ壬ֻԶš
λǰĪҲ˾תս壿Ҷһ̽ǰ壬һ߰˼⡣
λǰȫâɣֱҶ챬תս״̬λǰҲп˾תս塣
ڴʱҶƣǰ塣
Ҷ壬ȴһǰˤȥ
ΪΣ
ΪҶƲûκζƴǰ壬ûһ˿ĴСȻĹԣʹ̲סǰбڵء
ҶܿͷӦޱ𾪡
ô£
Ҷʺţٶ̽̽Ȼûκζ·ǰλǰƵġ
һӰֻܿü޷š
ʲô似߹ʲôĶҶһƬɻûмֶż֮жûмء
Ǽʶ̫ˣҪӦþ֪ʲôԭˡҶ찵ҡͷ
ȻҶðһɺɫõҶһ֪ͣһʱŻɱꡣ
ѵǰꣿҶ۾һͻȻҲǿüŵġ
֮УûнɫĴڰ
ǿҵĺģҶԴ߶꣬ɫӰ̽ȥ
ǰңҲˣܹȫһмġĬĬ߶һ£Ҷȫ߶ꡣ
һźɫһ㣬ɫӰ˽ȥ
ڴ˹УҶӵһɽɫԼڣԼɫ
֣Ⲣɣա
ɽɫûбҶǸҶı棬ƸҶ괩һɫ
Ҷǳȣ˼顣
䣡
ڴʱҶ춸ȻоԺһһӴļ䣬Ժ۶
һ˲䣬Ҷ˴͡


311 ս
ԲεĿռ֮УɫĹâʧҶ۾ǹӴļ䣬һ޷ܡ
֪˶ãҶŻ۾ʱǰĽɫӰѾʧˡ
Ҷſյĵصףһ̾ԭ·ء
ӸղӴļ֮Ҷ֪ɫӰһλս꣬׼ȷ˵һսĲлꡣ
лϣλһּ䣬ҶŶ˽⡣
Ӵļ֮УҶ֪ԭ֮ϣսꡣ
ߣͽڳΪʱתΪ壬Ϊ顣
ǳӲ޷ģͬ档
ڽʱתΪս꣬ս겻棬治࣬ͬٵĴڡ
Ӽе֪λǣһλϹ
Ϊʱ̫Զлļ䣬Ҳȱ˲٣ֻһС֡
ӴļУҶ쿴֪ΪιʣһλǿĴսɱ
˵ս겻𣬵֮ҲǿλȻҪǿԣ񲻽ɱˣսҲݻˡ
ǵǿߣŽһ˿л꣬˳
Ҷ컹֪ѩ걻ѩǵԭ򣬾Ϊսꡣ
սս꣬־Ǻȭ⣬һȭ⣬ǳ
ڣҶһ˿дĺս֮ѩʱֹͣѩЩǵıѪҲʼڻ
Ҫ˶ãѩͻһӣһˡ
ص˵棬Ҷ쿴ŲƮѩգ֪Ӽ֮еõϢǶԵˡ
û뵽ΪҲʱ򡣡Ҷ̾Ϣ
ǿߣλ۷壬£ɨ˻ĵĴڡ
˭뵽һǿߣȻôˡ
ҶĳܴͻȻã֮·û۷壬֮ϣǿߡ
һûоͷ֮·
Ҷ첻֪ԼܹߵһԸһȥ׷
ȭͷҶгţţ֮ǰǿˡ
ΪڸղţҶõĻ
ʵ룬Ҳ֪𺮱ս꣬϶Ҷ˻Ͼһλս꣬¾ʥǿˣҲ˷ܵġ
ˣձҶõˡ
ȱĺս֮У˹һּ֮⣬мһ似
һ似
ĳ֮һȭ⣬һȺ似ǳǿ󣬶Ҹǳ㡣
似ʥʱ򣬱һ˶԰ʥܡ
˵õһ似⣬Ҷ컹Ϊ˺ս꣬˺ȭ⡣
ΪսԣҶĺȭ⣬һӾͽ׵ɾ磬⻹ΪսǲȱġҾĹţʹòл̺˺ܶ࣬»ֱӽΪ
ò˵εĻ̫ˣ´˿̣Ҷ壬˷ܵĲ
ɱ¾⣬Ҳɰľ磬Ǻȭ⣬ȴѾﵽɾˡ
ʣµ̫⣬ҲŽһɾ硣
񣬺ȭҶǿ־
һ־
ҪǴ˳ȥʮ˹ҪڣѾˡҪ֪һĴߣ־Ķ٣ˡ
ʮ˹δ־⼸ǲܵ顣
Ȼսĺôˡ
ʱҶı棬㸲һ㺮սꡣ֪Լ̫Сˣս꣬õĺô϶ࡣ
սڣ绹ǻᱻɵġһ˿ڴ֪ɺսܹ֮õʲôô
һԶĿ꣬Ҷһһ߸·ܿ뿪˱ѩ
Ҷ뿪ɣ˷뿪ȴ֪ʱѩڷڲѡ
Ҫ֪ѩӴ׹ͳ걻ѩǣûһʱһֹͣѩ
ѩľѾϤֵɱѩ羰
ǽ죬ͻȻѩĻѩҲΪڻͻһĻбѩľ񶼴ˡ
ǿߣɵİ벽̲סۿһľɡ
ڿǵĳϡǳϡ峤ϵˣҲһۿɫ
֣ȻѩˣĪۻ˲ɣǵһԾ
һۻɣԱһҡͷ
״𣬾ѡһߣźӣ۾֮ɫ
ǣѩ˶̧ͷ죬ÿ˶أ״пĳǰԤס
ȻҲΪ𣬱ϾΪѩ걻ѩǣʹһЩ޷ֻ֣ΪǳΣա
Σעһֵһ죬ѩ̸¡
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ʱҶѾ뿪˱ѩ
Ϧ£һ㵭ɫĹâǰһųǻ֡
ųǷǳ׳ۣҶʶ֮УҲΨе۶ܹԿԺǱȼ硣
Ǵ׹ܳǣйκڣǴ׹߾Ҫ
µ־˴׹ҵľӢ⣬־лŸɵŵӣǶġ
Ҷǵõŵһλŵһڴ־еһλ١
ϧһλŵӣȴ˰ٶŵϣò˵һʧ
ûм룬ҶڣУһҲֻһͶѡ
ܳڷǳ٣һĳǳزһΪų֮Уһɱգǳء
ǵһܳǣһǳľģͺоʱҪƵġ
ʵܳΪ׹߽ĵһǣйκٽȷʱп̡ܴ
ڴ˵صľѾϰˡ
Ҷոߵ󣬷ǳţҲֻ΢һ£ι
뿪ܳǣ뿪˴׹Ҷ׼ܳͣһ£³Ȼص׹֪ʲôʱˡ
ˣ
Ҷ˼֮ʱ
Ȼ̶սͬһ쫷磬˲䴫ܳǡ
Ҷȴܳǵľ񣬲ûһ˻ţЩأɵʰŻؼҡ
ûãزƵһ㡣
Ҷ̧ͷȥǰĽֵһƬӰǶǴźɫսףһɺɫĺұڶư磬ɱ
һ֧Ѫ۱
һЩϣҶ쿴𾴡ݡĽɫ
Сֵܣס־ĵ·һϴүҶվڽֵ룬æԱߵһ׵
ү־𣿡Ҷʵ
ǵȻ־Ǵ׹һ֧ƣ˵СֵܣİɣȻʶ־־ϴүԺ
үҸողŽǣҵһܳǡҶ˵ͷһԶȥ־ʵүκǵսô
ôҲǴ׹ҶԼӦùһĿǰľƣȻ׹κƳˣ֪
ᵽ˫սҶ쿴ϴүɫʱҲһ


312 ׳
¡¡
ܳ⣬ܿһͬһսڼ仹˻
Ҷܹܵһɰɱ֮ϯա
ΣվڳϣŲԶĶԳֵӣвɵ˷ϴүĻ
ԭ˫սӮ䣬ǳƽģ˭Ҳκβ˭ΪǴ׹˵¸ңܹʤ
ǣǰĻú־ܶʤˣһһҲûӮ
Ϊÿսκɳһ˼ǿߣս־ͬǿߡÿζܽҷǿ߻ɱʹҷÿλδսʿӶս½ܶ࣬ղжԷ
λ˼ǿߣ죬˵һ콾֮һҲǴκǿš
̾Ҵ׹شﲩȻûһţܹﵽ̶ȣЩϱ˼ǿߣҲ졣
ˣÿһ¾սһΣһ˶ʮλ˼ǿߡ

ϴүǳʺʧܳһӣһֱǳ־ʱ־ȴһٰܣ˺ġ
ǽ֮ϣΪ־ҶΣϢûһ˿Է
վøߣȻҲԶҶĿʱӴκľ֮УɳһϤӰ콾֮һ졣
һΣ־ɳ˭Ӧս߿У챳˫֣Ŀгư֮ɫмɨŶһȺ־
־ɱ죬䣬ǿʱɵһʿ½˺ܶࡣ
ʵû취նɱ־ʮ˼ǿߣսνǳԻͣһ־岻ѡ
죬Ѿ־һħˣħ־һͻ᲻Ծ½ʿ
ʿⶫЩ翣ݴ½ȴһսʿǿܾһսʤܡ
ҿǵ˼ù˰ɣˣսȥ־Ȼʧܡ֮ͬУǴ׹ûһ˿һսҽżʱͬҲһһսżǴ׹ǴκʱԶʧ֮С
УЦ
һ־ŭ˫죬Ǻ޲óȥɱ죬֪ĻֻǳԼʧܣϴ׹ʧܡ
ǿԲں˵ȴܲں׹
СϷ㡣һ־֮УɳһϵӰսף׵뷢趯ƷǷ
ϽΧ־ʿһʱˣλϽ
λϽ־У˶һλ˼˼Ѿɱˡ
Ϸ˼꣬Ҳˡ
ϷԴӼ־û˵ͷûй͵ͷ
һսϷ򼴱ҲҪѪ
Ͻܳû˵Ȱ˵ڿգɢԼǿ˼ơ
·ȻһλżǿߣסϽɱС
ĻǴ׹ǳ˼֮Уûһܹеùκ
Ļ־ħܹ𣿡
ĻҴ׹ڣ
Ͻ˵һ࣬һʡ
λżǿһ漴֮ɫ
õģϷҲţǴ׹һԽšһĴ㲻Ҳ˵Ǵ׹һλ˲õľšֻҪʱ䣬ĳ裬һһ
Ͻһǰƣ졣
ԭص־һʹ
ǲʣǱǷߺԼֻؿϽ
ǽϣҶҲޱ𾪵ؿⱯ׳һĻϧ̫Զ޷ʱϹȥң־֪ݣһðȻ˫սֻܳΪ˫ӵİӡ
죡Ҷк˸ɱ
߿УϽԱ꣬Լս˼£һĩյ̻ܳ貵ա
κ˵ǣԶҲ̤Ǵ׹粽սǴ׹һˣҲҪ۶ǵȡ
ϽƳһս޵УȻѹ죬ռϷ硣
һ̣־˶ߺϽ͡
Ͼ콾֮һʵޱǿ󣬲˵żһ޵еĴڣҲ˶١
ϽȻԱʱռϷ磬ʱˣͽ¶ƣ̬
ϼһڵˡڣϽһʱ켰ʱ׼ʱ䣬һ˳ǹգϽؿɱ롣
ʱѪɽ־뱯
Ͻʬ壬н䣬һõݣѹ־һ˵ʿ
֮ͬУǴ׹ûһ֡콾ƣһɡ
䣡
䣡
κʿʿһѪڣɱ졣
ɱȣȻָսһڴκʿɱ־
Ȼûһκʿԣ쳤ǹһָʱѾɱȥˡ
ڴκһͷˣڴκľ֮УҲ֧ӵ죬Ȩָս
ͣȫأҪ־֮Уһżǿߵ
ʱ־ʿ󽵣ȥʹκľƴֻܻһͿء
ΨзأܱսˣҲʧܴʱ䣬־ܽľ顣
Ȼһϸ־һȴû˾һۣɱ˳ȥκʿƴɱһ
ΪϽѩޣ
ҿˡ
ϽѪһСѵ𣿡
ɱɱһɱ׬һ
־꣡
׹꣡

һ־ʿͬһ㣬Լͬɶ˻һ㣬ɱǰ
Ȼʿ½ˣԼѪԣֲ½ʿ
νʤ˵ı˰ɡ
κʿͻȻǶ־Ʊһͷͷ׺ݵĶǣɱĽڽڰˡ
ô£
ǵʿ½ôôˡ
һڴκʿʱˡ
Ѿϰһδλ־ǿ־Ѿֵһᣬû뵽־Ȼôǿս
Ƿǰ־һˡ
־ʿ㶪ҲҪκʿǱĶǣǳ׺ݡ
УؿսɫǳѿҲû뵽־ᱬѪԡ
죬ģɱһλ˼̼ǵѪԡֻҪȵգѪԾͻʧʱǾҲǴκӵĶˡһλżĴκǿߣļ򣬰ο
ô죬ܳʱ̡ԣгɱ


313 
һҵɱ־ʤգκʿɱðˣӽӪء
־Ȼʤˣȴûһ¶ϲɫһɫأľȻػصܳǡ
ܳڣеľ񶼵õ˴ݵϢһܲѣ˷ܵĸߺϡ
Ȼǲǣһ־ʿȴûһ¶ϲɫ
ܿ죬Щ֪ԭλ˶˼Ͻսˡ
һصϢһܳǾҲûף飬Էصս¼Ͻú׹Ĥݡ
ܳǵĹ㳡ϣһ־еܳǾ񣬷׷ΪϽС
ҶվȺУųеı׳գҲرĳء
ϽϢɣܿͻ㡣ҶȺųȥ
ϵĳҲرĳأ˱ա
İʿҲһıˣǿҶ̲סͺȵصأô
ǼҶȲǴ׹һǿߣԻǳ
Ҷ̧ͷ˿漴ʿ˵ͷλȥ˵ѩҶ
ѩһɻ
˵ôĿ𣿡ԱҲܾȡ
׳գ𣬴һҶ죬ǸΪ׵ţǱѩһ۾һ̲ס˷ܵ˵
˸ʱһ
׵ĳƺţڿ׹Զڱ߽ܳǣҲ֪Ҷ
ֻû뵽׹ĵһţȻܳǣǰ
ҶӣԵȣϾȥ֪ͨʱҷæҶһ˵
ǿҶĿУ˳֮ɫ
ҶӣǶ콾Ϊء
ҶӣһҪΪߣǴ׹Ϳˡ
Ժ˭СǴ׹ҶڣҴ׹ʮ߹𾪡

ǶǳҶ죬һޱȼǵĻ֮УҶҲǶԼڴ
λ粻ضر߽׹ӦҶĳлǲŶԡҶЦ˵Щ־ǳ塣
߽ǵְ𡣡
ҶӲô˵Ҳֻػһ±߽ܹģǵÿ
ҶĻеǳļæ˵
Ҷ΢΢һЦͻȻ֣Щ߽ʿǴ׹ɰɾһȺˡ
˵Ĳܹģÿ׵ҶЩ̸ʱһˬʵĴЦӸڴ漴һλȲӣҶǰ
ҶһˣæҪ֪λһλ벽۷ǿߣ֮Ҳ˶٣Ǵ׹ǿߡ
ܳĴڣһֱûбκƣλ׹˲֪
ˣҶǴ׹ĿӦͬ۽˰֣Ц˵
ǰǰҷҶҡͷλͶһǳ𾴡
ˣСˣߣǽȥ˵ԷǳΣֻҶ֣Ÿȥ
Ҷ챶ңڴ׹ܹ˵ģҲֻҶ˰ɡ
Դȴûκξȣ֪ǳϲ׹꿡ܣЩţԴԼ׶һá
СôܳˣЩ꿡ܶѾȥˣôڹڣһһҶ˵
ǰʱ䶼ڴѩ飬ⲻһ꣬Ҿͳȥˡ˷·ܳǣ˳ݷǰҶ˵
ѩԣüľӦ÷棬ôߵ츳ǧ𽾰ˡ֪죬֮·ͬˮۣǧиˡ
ôһѵҶЩЦãҲܹܵĺ⣬·ǳж
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ҶޱȺգλǿƣ˼һ仰±ѩǼҲҶҵˡ
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ˣ°ɣǼȻ̸˰֣˶
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ĽȻû˵һĵǣϽ䣬־Ĵ̫ˡ
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˰֣֪ĴܴҲΪ׹룬²㣬Ǽ顣
ʱϽѣؿź䣬ǳá
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Ҳͬ£ҶСӣ߽飬ʱùܣ˼Ӧȫ档Ҳ˵


314 ս
ܳĴκӪأѹѹһƬɱϢһλλս׵ǿߣվڵ㽫̨ϣɫĮ
Щˣ߼ϵǿߡ
λɱǰҹҴĳ֪ǳλൣվ֮ǰһ־һָع
﹫ӣǴκĵһţҪģǵң˵ԲԣһʮĽȵ
⽫˵öԣ﹫츳Ⱥλбʮ˹һ콾֮һΪǴκˣܹţ˭û
нĻᣬҲǿ﹫ն־ʮλģ۵﹫
һڴκĽ˵ûκһ顣
ǶɱΪƣ뿴һܳǱƣġô֮ҫ𱱺ʮ˹
ҲǴκһһĴߣǾˡ
ЩڴκߣֻҪǶԴκģǳ󱲣Ҳûκβ
λҶûʲôǿһսδ򣿡ɨһۣǳ⣬ǫʵȻ֪ԼϤ񣬾ԲóȻģֻҪиͷˡ
λҲȻϣ⺺־ѯʣʱЦˣɵһƲ
ЩƲ߲ðһֻǽ˵Ǹո־һս϶뵽ǻᷴһһɱһֲңҲܳеĹӦ֪Ǵʱ뱯ʹ֮Уս϶½࣬Ǵٽĺûᡣ
λѪʮ۷ΪڴκҲǶھҲǽɱ
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λԣǵͷѣǶһսҲǳġ
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Ͼܳô꣬ûһܹƹȴ¡
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ôһģʱ䣬ʱüʱЦóˣﲻѣǻû
ҶСӣı־ɾ־γҲ˵һ־ﵽɾ磬ͿԽˡЦһЩܣһһҶ졣
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ѪˣɱһҪĹܳˣߣѵǻǲɡüͷһЩ졣
һԵҶ찵룬λѪĴκӦһλ˲õǿߡ
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ߣⲻɱļƲߣǵע⣬һǵʵһǵʿΪǳصģѾϵǲʮλ˼ǿߣѾܳڣһռʲôˣߡЦ


315 ӭս콾
ڵҹ
죬ɱϯܳǡ
κˣسŵĽԪųڴ˲䴫ܳǣлصš
⣬κʿˮһ㣬ܳǳУһЩǿߣһܳڡ
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սһͬƷǷӣӦþǴκɱһͬħһǿߡ
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Ҷûʲô⣬֪ʵǿľתս壬Ҳ·磬Ͼ˶Է
ȴˣûϵҶǿ̶ֳȣղŵһǹȫû鰡
֮ϣɱҲ֮ɫ
ΧһĻǣˡ


316 콾
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Ĵ֮һ޷磬Ҳתս磬ѾǱʮ˹ܹתս߾ˡ
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ŭЦδһܣ콾֮һ𱱺ʮ˹˸
վԭأûƶ벽ֻǾеĳǹбҶ죬·һƬ貹â䣬¡¡һƬڡ
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һ˲䣬оԼ־ܵһɾ޴ķ籩ڵԪһӻʹĹܷɣſھһѪ


317 ն콾
֮һҶΧԶγһεľ־ݺݵس졣
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սĿʼ
ǿߵһս콾һսûκ˿Ը棬ҲҪκ˸档
ûʲôıƣûʲô壬ˣֻʣ´ս
һ״̬ս״̬Ψţս֮У״̬
ȻҶ죬죬һľš
ʱǴκǿߣ־ǿߣð࣬ӳ츳ޱȵĺա
Ϊżܵˣֱ֮ѹƣҲȻԷӳżս
߼Ҷ죬ͬҲӳżս˲С˼ʱûзֳʤ
һƾеս
֪Ǵ⣬ǲ֪Ҷ֮ƣᱻҶ֮ش
ʱ˿̣зǳ۷һսͻܣɱҶ졣
νսһ˿һȱ㣬ᱻŴʤôһ˲䡣
ù£Ϊб¹һҡڱҶҵһһˡ
ܡȻ޷ԼҶһλˣһѪۣɫʱˡ
Ҫɱ㣡һԪƷڵĺˣϯ񷣬һƬ
ϧʱ죬ѾױˣȻƺˣѾˣӳȻǿȴ޷شҶ졣
Ϊӷȣ¶һܴҶץᣬݺݵһȥ
ʱѪ˵ɳȥ
ڣҶⱬ䣬ͬһ貶Ŀʩչһ죬ϣڰнӽ졣
ʱ챻ղŵһˣҶ죬ɫһ䣬ҪǹҶ֮䣬ȴȻеһɱĺ⡣
ҶĮף¶һĨЦ⡣
ৡ¶ȣ˲ϯϢҶΧԲڵȫ֡
ȻֻзԲףȲı˿ҶǳӽɼϢ˲Ͷȫ
䣡
ϣܿ˱飬˱˲䶳ȥĳǹУҲ޷ǰ벽
ǡոſڣȴѾû취仰ȫ˵Ѿˡ
ӱ֮УҶܹס
˵ĻᣬҶ϶ŹʩչʱһֻϵսѾŴĿѪ⣬ݺݵسĲӴ
ꡭ
ǱѵͬҲͷ­ϵ
ѪܵԴžףӸ߿˳ȥ
һ̣κʹ׹ǿߣ֣ͣŵؿһĻ
߿УҶһһ񷣬һҵӣ̫һҵ⡣
һҶ죬ĵޱȾ
䣡
һĺ죬գټܳǣһ
ɱŭˣͬһ㣬Ҫء׼ȫƴסɱ
Ҷ죬뿪ܳǣ
ȫҶ뿪ܳǣ
ܿܳϿ
ͬһʱ䣬ɱҲ쳹ܳǵϿգϧһдۣȫɱҶ죬ɱߣʤܳǡ
䣡
ս˲ˡ
˲䣬κǿ߳Ҷ죬ͬʱҲ׹ǿߣҶǰ
Ҷɣ֮ˣһնɱһκǿߡ
ûҶսһ־Ľס
Ҷӣ뿪ܳǣĳԾڴˡҶйһ֮Ե
ʱλ֮ɫֻ۾Ҷ죬Ŀг𾴺;Ȼ
ҶĬˣ֪ԷȻ˵϶˵óó
ܶԷǱԼҶ޷ΪԷΪ˱
Ҷӣɱ죬ΪǱ˳𣬶һΪǴ׹ˡҴ־м㣬ϣһҪԼǧ嶯¡Ȱ˵
ҶȻĬΧ־սʱ뿪Ĳ
УԽԽȻλɱѾˣҲеǳˡ
ߣԥҶ


318 սĻ
ߣߵɱ죬͸һȥɣУɱŭ죬ضζ·һ㡣
벽۷ǿƣܳǵľ񶼸еӽǿߡǵһһɢ˾㤵Ϣ·Ƭ񷶼ˡ
ɱ׷ˣǴκһĿߣǴκδǻڴΪĴ֮һΪǿߡ
ڣһţȴƤնɱɱκκ񽻴
ҪǣɱˣǴκУ׹һǿߡ
κʹ׹սϣһҲǱ˴Ǵκѹ׹һ
û죬ô׹һţɱ޷ģκҲҶĴڡ
Դ˿̣ɱױȫս׶Ρ
ɱҪɱҶ죬ҪҶ죬˶һս˱롣
գǵսǺ֮ںը񷡣ǴκʿǴ׹ʿе
λ벽۷ƥѹ֮£ǿߣеϢοЩͨʿ
ɱ˼ɼʿǶԼͬؽսתƵ˸߿գʹ˫ʿ˱ɱ
սϣ˫ͻҵĻǿߣΪɱǿǳ׷ˡ
ҪżʮεǿߣϾҶʵż춼ɱˣżµ
ԣκżϵǿߣҶɱȥ׹żϵǿߣҶǰ
˫żʮǿߣɱǻ찵أ޹⣬ȸ߿λ벽۷ǿߵսҪҡ
Ҷ죬ߣҶ죬
ҶӣǧҪ嶯ǴӦδôҴûһ
ԣҶӣߣｻǣȻ츳УɱЩ˻ǿԵġ
Χкܶ׹ǿǰȰ˵
Ҷ쿴ǰѾɱ۾˫ǿߣһ̾˹˹֣֣ص˵λҶڴ˷ģսصɨƽκ
һ죬ҵȻţصΪȷ档
һ죬ҵȻţصΪȷ档
һ죬ҵȻţصΪȷ档
һڽ˵
׹̫ˣҶնɱ죬׹ˣһּ
󣬲֮ҶԻ𱱺ʮ˹ɱ죬ؽȡ֮Ϊµ콾֮һ
λأҶ찴סеĸжһ񣬷뿪ܳǡ
УɱޱȿŭҪֻɱҶ졣ƴֵɱ޷ֻܸɵۣؿҶʧ֮С
κҲֻܸɵۣϾ׹˭Ҳκβ˭
һսΪ̫ң˫˲أǿߣǧ֮ࡣ
ңΪҶԵʣλʮǿߣһս֮С
ⳡǰδеĴսԴκʿ󽵣ɱĵشȥ
־Ȼ˲أΪҶɱ죬ʿÿ˵ϣ˷ܵЦݡ
һЩʿһЩʧȥսʿһЩ˴ʿǵϣżЦݡ
ȻҶѾ뿪ܳǣܳǵʿ;񣬶ںҶ֡
һ־Ľۼڳһ˷֮ɫ
̫ˡ
ûôˬ
ϧûŮһҪŮ޸Ҷ죬㵱СҲС
УţŮҶ𣿡
Ҷ߼նɱżǿߣһţ츳ԲĴ֮¡
׹һλԻҶӡ

ϲ󣬸ղŵĴս־ʧûЩʧ䡣
ڵľҲһС
ⲻҶʤҲ׹˵ʤ
ЩʱҲ
޷ǣʱЩαǴ׹˵ġǴ׹꿡ܣܵ˵۸ǳͷ
Ϊʲô
Ϊʵˣ
콾ĴڵĹȣûһ˸۸ǣΪǱվĴߺ콾վһľŸ۷ڡ
磬ǿߵ磬ûʵעҪ۸
׹ˣûµǿߣô׹ͻᱻκ̲ǲпʵ
Ҷնɱ죬׹񶼸е˿̣ںһƿƣһˬ졣
ҶȥܾˣҪ˱𣿡ϲ֮һλʵ
˵ϣҲ˵֮ɫȻ˷ܣҲûҶİȫ
ȻҶɱ죬κˣǲŹҶġ
˭ܱҶСӰҶˣûʮϵʵɱκжʮǿߣ԰ڰЦ
λһ뵽Ҷʵ˿Ҳǹҡ
и飬ʱ䲻ɧŴκľӣɱȥ׷ɱҶӣҲܼҶӵѹͻȻ˵
⣡
λԣ۾һ
һӣЦãô죬Ҳûȥɱ̸̸ġߺߣ
һڽʱЦ
ܳ˵עһ˼˷ܵӡ
ڴκľ˵ȴһʧӡ
ڳͣսʱ򣬴κʿһĬʿٽ㣬ҲɱòԵʡ
ɶ񣡿ɺޣգ
Ӫ֮Уɱŭ˫Ѫ˸һڴκĽҴһ
˭֪ɱ˿ͷϣʱ˭ͷɱŭ𶼻Ὣû
ӪʣһƬžֻɱǿ״
һȺɱ˶ɱˡɱӪ¶ֱһڴκĽѪڣͷһɥ
ɱǳŭΪɱǽ죬ȴǰɱ죬ǺݺݵشƤ
κɱɱԼҲ޷ԭԼҪ֪Ҳõ˲ţǰ
һӢôˡ
Ҷ졪ɱŭɺ򣬲㱩ͻŭƱĻɽûӪʡ
ɱҶѾ뿪ܳǣҿȥķ϶һǽ˴ιȻ׼Ӵιǰ칬ҪҪ˻ȥùɳǿ׷ɱһֱŭɱѪû취ֻӲͷƤվ˵
һ˵ʱɱע⣬ؿѪŭ»õҷԸھ͸ȥιҪôҶԴҪôͲûˡ
ǣɱѪЦкҶˣץҶ죬һҪĥ


319 
ιһƬïʢɭ֮УҶ⿪һȻϾʯʼչء
һսҶջܴƾеǿߣѾܾûˡ
һսҶܶ࣬ʱչջ
Ѫնʽɱȭ似Ĵս̼ıȫʵǱԽҡ
⣬ܵκӺ־ɳսҶɱ¾⣬Ҳڴ˿̽˰ɣﵽɾ磬뺮ȭһȼ
һºҶأΪҲһЩﵽ߼۷塣
ʱľ񣬴ﵽ۷״̬һսҲ޾塣
ǴιҸǳأһ٣ǰ칬ҶüͷɨɨΧľɫȻڿնʧС
һǰܳǣûȷֻ֪κ෴ķȥ
Ͼɲҽκɡ
Ҷ֪׹һߵıֻ߽κʹιӴж˵Ǵι
ιʵǳǿ󣬼κôţҲֻ۸׹ѣַιı߽
֮ǰҶҲ鿴һЩʮ˹һ֪
˵ιĿǰ˵ıκȻ
κȻ첢Уλ콾֮һǴιˣǴιҵ̫ӣ˵Ȩƣڴιһ֮֮ϡ
Ҷ쵱ڴ񿼺ʱһ棬˽ⲻֻ֪࣬Էʵǳǿ󣬱컹Ҫʤһ
ιۺһҲλбʮ˹ΣĹǿιȻǿ񸻣ȴκôźҰĲ
⼸ιֻרķչھãΪΧڹϵǳá
׹Ҳʹιܾˣ˫óҶ첻ڴ˱¶ݣܵϮɱ
ΪԷһҶ컹ǻһɫֳһ߽һιĳǳ֮С
ҶţڵǼˣûܹϳնɱĴ׵
ǣ
̧ͷųŵңҶ˫ⱬ䣬д
ȻǴιĶǣҶ֮ɫԴ˳Ѿãû뵽ôлٴ˳ǡ
Ǵιĳǳ֮һ׹ǲУһһĴǳء
ǵȴԶԶǿǣʮ˹ߣ֪ιǳص֡
һҵĳǳأ˵۶֮⣬Ȼﱱʮ˹Ҳֻˡ
˵˳ǵĵػһ֮ϣϧںܾ֮ǰ˽ضϣԲ˶֡
Ҷ߽ڣĴֶǷǳ֣ﲻǿ߶洦ɼ
ڴˣҶ첢ȡ
ʸǿǰ̽һЩȵǿߣлᶼһΡ
еԭ򣬱غ˳ضϵ
Ȼγɣؾ۶ɣ֮أ˽ܵ飬طŨܶࡣ
ˣΪضϣǽض֮ð˵ԡߣ츳Ϊ
֮һöߣЩǿ
Ȼضϵˣﻹŵڡ
ιӢ䣬ִ˵ӡ
ȻιĿ棬ҲһλǿߣȻӡҲֻα겻α֪һ죬ľ
ԣιûжڴˣǽ˳ǽʱµֿܡ֣γɶ壬ҲǽյѦҺܼҡ
˺£ӡİι˺ܶšڴιֻҪдǰţлԡ츳Ϊ
ΪˣιŲÿһܳһ콾ǰһλĴһ
ȻıأȻҲȵĿ顣ι֮ʮսǴιƲ¾ͱˡ
ιЩ꣬ҲźܴѹѣֻýǿţȵţҲлԡű˱ȵӡ
Ҷʱ㶯ͷ
òһ˶ǣԡһǰ׳գҶ찵뵽ǳȡ
ܳһսҪʵŰ벽ʵֻʮΪҪߡ
ϧ߼֮ҶΪǳɫ꣬յԶԶˣٶȻ
Ҫ߼˼ûмĿޣǲܵġ
Ȼڱ˵Ѿܿˡ
Ҷ޷ôʱ䣬Դӵ֪õϢҪܽÿ뿪ʮ˹ǰݴ½
Ҷɲȵ֮󣬲ܼãʱ˵Ѿˡ
뵽ҶĿһŽֵȥ
ҪԡΨеõѦҺܼһҵƼÿ궼ʮƼ֪ʣµûУ
Ҷһߣһ߰롣
ıأ϶дιİ벽أʹӲļƻֻѡϵһңƽ
Щģιй̶ֻϣÿʮƼ
ȻⲻǴιҪȣǱֱȵģ˫һ塣
ҪƼҲô׵ġϾʮ˹ô˶Ҫеľ϶ǳҡ
ЩԴȡһ
ĵرȡһ
ǿȡһ
ǿ似ȡһ

֮Ҫһһǲеġ
ѦҺܼңЩ귢չܿ죬ΪιĴ壬ΪЩȡô
ҶѰһңܹʲôȡһϵı࣬ҲмڽľƷ
˴ϵıսǿóɱȭҲóȿ˵Ҷ찵뵽Ψһóģһʵ
ΪԡҶƴһѡ
·˴һ£ҶܿҵѦҵĸۡǰ׼
Ȼ϶ǲˣֻܱ¶ˣȵԡ󣬾뿪˵ء
΢΢̧ͷһѦҵĴţҶа˼Ƭ̣ǰȥ
ΪǣιĴ壬Ѧҵĸۡǳɣͬһ̫žޣ·ڵĽֵԣΡ롣
ѦſڣվŶʮλǿߣսףֳֵĿɨŹȺ
ţ㣬˵أʲôˣ֪Ѧ𣿹һȥһѦҶŵȵ
ҲмؿһĻΪѦҵˣڶǼԺߣŹˡ
Ҷԣʱü񹷣˵ˣȻûмѦҵˣѾԴвʲôˡ


320 콾ջ
Ѧǰ
Ҷ칰˹֣˵´׹Ҷ죬ѦҼͨһ
ܼŹǳᣬΪԡʱһ¡ο߼ǿߣ׹һһˣֺα뼸Źƽϡ
а˼ţҶ챳˫֣վѦǰȴŹȥͨ
ȻҶŭǣŹһмƲƲ죬׹ֻ˵׹һ޵죬֮⣬û˭Ҷ죬Ȱ㻹ǸϽѦ˭ܹҰġ
УҲû˵׹һʲôǿߣСӻΪ˭ˣͨߣ浱Ȱ
СӣϽҪΪǲ֪ʲô⡣ʵ㣬Ҫԡ˶ˣʲô˶ܵõѦƼ
ҲգѦҰߺߣ
ѦĿŹһЦһˣָҶıӣͷشߴҶ뿪
ҶվѦſڣǰֺſŹһ㶣漴ӲȻòᡣ
Ҷڴ׹ߵ˹עĽ㣬ܵ裬ֱûðɡ
ߣҶȭͷÿ֨죬һǿƣڱ˲ɨǰŹõɳȥһѪ
㡭
ŹʱҶˣǰİ꣬Ƿ·һɽг˾޴ѹϢ
ܹѦǶǱ֪ԼߵˣܹƣضһĶǿߡ
ŹʱЩڣҲЩɻǵӡ֮У׹ûʲôǿߡ
ȥͨżסĿŹҶٴȵڵӣⱬŵüŹһæܡ
Ҷüͷü֪Щ鷳ˣϾܹƷеĿŹѦˣҲʲô˵ˡ
Ҷ찵˼˵زУôֻȥܸϣܼҲѦһ
¡
Ҷ˼֮ʱѦĴűƿһӣŹӵ˳
Ҷ죿ҪҸף˰죬Ҷ죬һ߸ϵ·˵һ仰ǶҶʹ͡
Ҷų̈ѦĹӰɣͨһ
ˣ˲ͷشҶĻмʲôֱӸ˵Ҳһġ
Ҷɫ΢ȻˣôҶĳҲֱˣ¾ŶǴ˷˵أϣܹһƼԡ
ԡ
üͷһҶĿ⣬ӵĲмˣСӣ㵱ʲôطˣΪʲô˶ԡǿЦҿСǷ˻ǰ׳գҪѦҵƼǳ롣
˵գתȥҶ졣
ۿ˵ͣѦҲˣߡҶ첻ֱҲ֮ˣһҲתȥ
ȵȣ˵ʲôҪѦ˶ʱתضҶ죬ɭ
ҶȻͣڣŹһ
˵ʲôһõŶʣҶЦһŲͣǰȥ
վס
ԴŭһҶǰ
ŹзǳҶ죬ʱҲӵˣơ
ôƼҪסҶĳ𣿡ҶɨЩһۣһǼŹܵҶĿ⣬ʱ巢ΪվԲûб
Сӣ㡭һͣҪ˵֮䣬һŹʲô
ҶܺãҲֻ콾ջǰʮȴһɻ
ڴʱҶ쿴һ˿Цֻ߰ͷмؿҶ죬Сӣ㲻ҪƼҸָ·
ô˵Ҷؿʵ˵ŶԷôġ
ЦָŲԶһ޴ĽȺ˵Ƕġ콾ջס콾ջĶǿߣǵĿĺһΪ˻ƼֻҪܹס콾ջܹõƼķ
Ӻ㣬ûһʵȰ㻹Ǳȥˣ˹ЦһһڿŹﳤȥ
Ҷؿȥתͷǰָķ
һƬȺǳӴһʹƵġԶԶȥư磬Ʋû뵽ȴһջ˺档
콾ջ
ҶƬ̣Ƿʵǳջʲô˵ģƺջӴˡ
ǿҵĺģҶ쳯콾ջȥ
žӽҶԽеջƲ˭Ὠһջסˣͨߡ
ˣҶ췢콾ջȻһǿߣɰһ
Ҫ֪ڱʮ˹ǿѾˣ˭ǿȥصţ»ʹҲ˰ɡ
콾ջı²Ҷ찵뵽漴ǰȥһλӭ
λӣЩǵһ콾ջ𣿡ǳѯʵ
ҶʱޱȣղѦſڵǼŹֻǼڼߣǰˡǰǿˣôоˬλĿУҲһ˿⡣
λ磬ҪԡĻᣬ˵˵ؿԵõƼ𣿡ҶҲܿ˾һߣһɡ
Ǻǣס콾ջˣΪ˻ԡƼӵȷԵطˡĻҶʱϲû뵽ѦǸˣûƭ
ϲɫҶһۣ˵ӣ콾ջס˼ǧˣΪѦҵƼÿҲֻжʮƼ֣ԡ
ʲôҶֱʵȻ֪Ƽô׻õģҿѦ˵ӣҲʲôöôָܸ·
ԣֻʵǿĶʮˣܵõѦҼĽӼлƼˣûʲô·ûлᡣλ˵
ԭˣҶоһ֪Ѧ˵˼ˣԷȻ֪콾ջĹأҪ赶ˡ
Ѧˣȴ֪ȫҶ졣
΢΢Цһ£Ҷ漴ǰ˹֣ʵ磬֪ס콾ջʲô
ûһֻƾʵЦ˵
ŶҶ
콾ջҴι̫κȻ죬Ϊ̫λ콾ջΪ콾ջ̫˵ˣߣʸס콾ջȻջķޣҪסȥֻƾԵʵ
ЩڴؿҶ죬ܺ棬ǰˣʵ


321 
ڶǣ콾ջһֵĵطΪΪƼǿ߾֣öǵһߴ񫡣
Ҫ֪ҳһס콾ջˣʵҲϵǿߣ֮սǷǳʵġ
ÿ죬콾ջΧΧǰսĶߡ
ڴ˵صļѾϰһˣ˽´ģ˭еʵǿ
ǰӴҶǿҶ죬кҶ졣
ȻҶ챾ǲ֪һˡ
λĴ£һ·콾ջ
˵ǿջʵһƬȺǧݣΧһ޴䳡ЩĽǶ
ҶλŽһ۱㿴޴䳡ӭգֻߵӰվ䳡ܸߺۡ
Ҷӣķݶкġ1ŵ3333ţԽСסǿʵԽǿҶǿһ䷿ݣֱսֻҪڹȥ֮ûнκսôͲܾܾսһߴ·һ߶Ҷ͵
Ҷ˵ͷ˽콾ջĹˡ
ò˵콾ջǶأݴ½ĹһǿʳǿΪ
ֻҪʵǿͿסһŷݣһɽСλڶ֮ۡ
ңҲ˵ˣΨ1ŵ20ǰʮǿߣʸӼѦҵļлõԡƼ
գҶѯߵŴ磬֪20ŷݵˣʲôΪ𣿡
20ţλŵһ㶣漴𾪣̲סһ飬20ţѲҶҪս20ţ
Ŵ磬ҪƼҶ΢΢һЦ˼Զ
ŵɣ´һҶ죬Ż˵Ҷӣ˵䲻ĻҲΪս20ŵʸҾӦý̤ʵأһס¡Ҫ֪콾ջסĲǿߣһǿߣȣΪ϶Ȳϡʵϣǰ20Ҳֻǿ߶ѡ
Ŵ㻹Ǹ20ŵʲôΪɣҶҡҡͷЦ
ӣŵ֪Լ˵ˣҲٷϻֱ˵ȻˣĳҲͲȰˣס20һλϱǿ߽˳Ϊ߼۷壬һԴǴκһϱǿߡ
κǿߡҶԣĿһ䣬¶һ˿⡣
ŵʱ뵽κʹ׹Увɵðһ̾һս޷ˡ
˵ʵҶͣŵܲ
ϾѾãϱǿߡ
ҾսˡҶ˵գֱӳ20ڵȥ
Ҷӡŵһ̾Ҳȥô˵ͼѴ˶ġǳҶ죬֪ҶܸҲҪȥһ
ϸ磬ѡеǸСأ˵ٿԼʮʱ䣬ôѡսһӣһȥʵΣ
ʱ򣬼ſڵ˹Цʵ
ʱ䵽𣿡ŵǰɵɫһڣЩȻˡղŻҶһսɨţڼλˣҶˣӶˡ
쿴СףҪս˭ôǰȥˡʱһǰҶ죬ɵþ
СӻǰߣѲҪֱսǰʮǿߣһ𾪡
ҲСͣ20ǰˣҪսûпɣܿ쿴Ҷͣ20ǰһ𾪡
Ǽˣ䳡ϵһȺߣʱҲҶӰˡǰӣ˳ؿ
Ȼ콾ջϾ20ǿߣȻܵܶ˵Ĺע
ЩСģ
ľսò˵ֵ
֣ˣСӵùˡ
СǲǵǼȻû˸ĵϸ

䳡˵Ŀ⣬Ҷסˡ
ǰǿߣѾ˸սˣοռݵڶʮŵ
ʱ˶ؿҶ죬֪ˣǷˣʲôս
ţ
20ŵһλĿ͵۾ӲӣݺݵؿݵĴš

ʱһŲԼӽӽ־һɨʱͷҶ졣
սң΢΢һϤ콾ջȻ֪Ҷ⡣
Ѿܾû˸սˣ죬ҵѵҪѪˣٺ١еѱ漴վһ˫ӣĹâ
Ȼսô͵׼
ƿţҶҪǰ߳ӡ
ʱ䳡˵Ŀ⣬Ŵ˵ػ۶Ŀ
ţҶҪţȻһλ˳ʱһ㶡漴̾ͷӦˣĿһʵ
ɣʡ˷ҵʱ䡣ҲҶ죬ֱӷ䵽䳡롣ΧˣʱÿһƬء
ǿҶһЦҲ߸Ծ𣬷䳡룬ۿ
䳡ʱ˶Ҷˡ
˿ǰʮ֮Ум߳ˣҲڿ䳡
ȻһսĿ콾ջ˶ܹע
Сӣ£ɱ֮ɨҶһֻۣĿм֮ɫȻǲҶ
ʵϣһЩ֮⣬˼ɣϾһǿߣôͱһ߻ܡ
һܹԽϱǿߵţϾǷǳϡٵġңЩŶǶģ˵ʶҲϵð˳ɡ
ȻҶͲ˳֮УûаҶֻҶһ֪ߵغëͷСӡ
׹Ҷ졣
ŲһҶ΢΢¶Цݡ
ҶĻ£Ŀһ¶Цݣɭ׹þûɱ׹ǿˣû뵽СӾȻԼ
ϼһɣųҶĳ͸Ļᣬ֮ɡҶøϼһϻȵ
СӣΪи۵ġԣɫʱ˫ɱ⡣

Ļ£ѳʱһɢǿĵ⣬䳡ϯء
е㱾¡Ҷѵóһ漴֣ʾ
ŭЦһٳʣһ磬գ³ɵâҶ䡣


322 ݱ¶
ֲ֣ĵ⣬ϯ䳡ҵĵâŷɳĳڰγɺܴѹȸУ䳡ΧһЩʵˣоϢѹ
һ죡
˿ֲһ䳡սޱɫ䣬һЩ˸Ǿ
콾ջвʱˣڼҲγ֣ڳ˶ǳʵܹһ־ʩչУΪֹûһˣǰȴˡ
Сӵб£ɱԼأ
˽䳡Щ̾Ϣ֪һҶӲ
ԶҲ׹֮ɫ
ϸ磬䶨ˡһͳ
ŵһ̾ҲˣܹƵʩչеģΪֹһǿ⣬ûһǿ߻
ϧСӣҿ˳ۣŵҡҡͷа˼⣬ԼְȨ̽һҶʬ
գŵԱһ˵СЩԵ֣磬ҾбҪ֪ͨļʬϵ󣬰ȥһ𣿡
ϸĵ̫ˣСһ׮Ǵιʹ׹ƽǴιԴ׹ҲǳעСӼȻҳڴ׹С֣غܿͿԲСͷЦ
Ҷ죬ˣȥȾơŵ˵
ϸģСضɹٺ٣Сͷͳ콾ջȥûʲô⣬ҶҪˣⳡս벻ûʲôź
ȴСͺˡȻǺ󻰡
ҶӣһŴ磬Ҳֻܰ飬СʧıӰŵٶȿУһ̾
ڴʱһ󾪺
ŵУɫһ䣬֮ɫ
ô
䳡룬ǰѱݵװƷݺݵعעԪڰһ޴Ľâױ㽫ĵһâˡ
һĻҶȻ䳡һž
Ҷ𾪵ǣղŽС磬Ԫĺﵽ˼ڵĳ̶ȡ߼۷Ϊټȫ֣ôҲ˼ڵʵɡ
Ҷǣ⿴ƥһȻ˵߼۷Ĺǿӽ˼ڶѡ
ͬ߼۷壬ʵȵһܵˡҶ
֮ǰλŵʱҶе㿴أû뵽Էôһ֪ˣͲʲô֮Լֱһնɱʡ˷ʱ䡣
뵽˴Ҷ첻ɵЩԹŵŴҲǵģôˣҫôôǴιҲһλ콾ǿ߰
ʵҶǴλŵˡ
ţΪʲôᱻΪţǾÿһţ츳ӳԽΪʵ
˵߼۷ʱӳսʹﵽ˼š
Ҷ졢졢죬š
ȴţֻһǿߣΪȫǿʱѻġ
ϱǿߣʵΪƽеľӢҲԽսս
ҲʱҲһͨţΪԽǿҪԽɱеĻԽСȻû츳ڱҶˡ
ҿ㻹ɣʵֱ˷ҵʱ䡣䳡ϣҶ𳤽ָŶ𾪵ȵ
ΧսȺʱһƬȻҲˡ
ϸ磬λҶӲ򵥰Ƕˡһ
ŵʱǳȻҶûʲôϵǿԼصˣȻôǿʵޱȵԺ
ʱ۹⣬ֵЦݡ
Ҫ䣡ŵ۾ע䳡ϵս
ΧȺʱҲȫעҶһ֣Ǿ֪ԼۣʱȻκһʵս
һЩǰ콾ջݣҲ˾
䳡룬ɫǳû뵽ԼߵˣҶԷԴ׹С
ڱʮ˹˭֪׹ʹκУ˫һˣûкƽദ
Ҳ֮ǰһҶԴ׹㵱¶ɱ⡣
ʱЩţ֪Լ㲻ֻܰҧҧһͺȣ߿ա
Уѳ磬ƥЯſֲܡ
ܵƣŵЩˣ»ָģҶЦСӣղҴˣҿεֵҵ
ţǳǿų˼ǿߣѵֵ
ϧȴˣϣһȺˣԽɱС
ܲңҶһ
ķϻ̫ˡ
Ҷ΢΢ߣһ𵴣һ̤ԪʱȻһɱڵĺϯ䳡
䣡
ѪɫԪͻȻҶУǿƣһ쫷磬ɨŰž޴䳡
Ҷ𳤽űϮâݺݵһ
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ҶȣʲôҲû⣬ԪԶ־ҲǿԼͨһҲӳǿ
䣡
ۻԪҶеĳˣһſµĹ򣬴ſֲܣڰбݺݵشݻĹ
ϾֻװƷҶЩƣѳôˣղŹԪ̫ǿˡ
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ĿУһž޴ݺݵغϣֲܣ˲ͽɡ
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Ҷһ̽СĶһɨĳҲˡ
䳡һƬž˶һ
ЩǰӵˣҲɫصؿҶ졣
սĺܿ죬Ȿǵ֮Уû뵽ʤˣȴǱǿҶ졣
˶ǳ棬һǿߣʲôǿû˵׹ǿš
ϸ磬ҲˣǾԿˡͻȻһ콾ջ⴫һ֪ǸСˡ
λҶӾǴ׹һһľţ׹Ϊ׵С֪䳡ڷ飬һ䳡ż

λСĻ£䳡ʱһƬڡ
׵
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ιʹ׹Ȼ˫ദƽʱǻ˴˵ҪϢ
ʳ¯ĴһǰѾιˣֻҪǴιһЩͷ˶֪
Ҷ죬Ϊһһõ׹׵Ȼܵ˴ιһЩ˵Ĺע
Ȼڴ׹һڱʮ˹£ԼǴһҶ죬Ҳûܵ˹ע
ҶնɱϢϾһǰûдǡ
ĻҶһڶǣܵĿĳ档
׵ðĳƺţҪǴ׹Բ⣬û˻šѵǴ׹һûжõ𣬾Ȼһ󱲵õƺš
Ͳ֪ˣ׹ĵ˭֪𣿡
޵ǰô᲻֪Ǳʮ˹ˡ
λ׵ǰĴˣѾѧǰʽ˵һ˭׵ĳƺţ
˻
䳡ȺСһ仰ʱ˷ڡ
ǸСʱҲӦˣ˿ҶɱͫȻһЩŵؿҶ죬ʱʹסˡ
׵û뵽Ҷӵôѹôǿ
һ׹һ˲õţҶӵʵǴιһҲŽǰˡ
ӣᣬЩ꣬˵лΪ콾֮һ

ʱҲ֮лָһš
ǲǴʲôʵĳˣСڷӦżѣ֮ɫ
Ǻǣź˭뵽Ҷôǿŵļһ̾׼ȥҶʰû뵽
Ŵ磡Ҷʱ˹Χˣ׷ÿһ·˿ҶĿ⣬˾η
ǿߵﶼܵ𾴣仹һλš
Ҷӣ浱ǽɡæ֣֮ǰ֪ҶݣĻƾһʵûʸҶֵܡ
Ŵô˵СܳιҪءҶЦ˵
ĳͺƤˣҶϵܣǻһط̸Щ͸м˵
Ա߼ҶĿУҲһ˿øС
һ㶼ǺܰģҶôǿţû뵽Ҷôƽ׽ˣֱһڼҵСܵܡ

Է¥
Ҷȼ
Ŵ磬ѾˣôܼѦҵļƹѲҶֱʵĵȻǸƼ
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ܼ򵥣λɱѦܸ˾֪ˣʱȻ㹵ͨЦ˵
ҶԶʱȻԼļˣȻһЦ
ǸСʱ˵ҶӣȻɱҲлƼʸ񡣵Ҫ֪Ѧҿ϶ôװƼ͸㣬ǵҪ󲻻ͣ׼
ţ֪ҶԵͷȻΪܻһƼ
˵ף콾ջĹأҲǱѦѡ׶׼ѡ
Ҷһƣ˼ʵŴ磬˵ѡѦңѡܼң
Ϊ֮ǰ⣬ҶѦûжٺøУܼҵҲûм֪ܼǷҲѦôʢˡ
ҶӲʣҲҪԣʱɫһЩҶӣҽѡܼңҴСڶǳܼҵƷһܺá
ƼмһҪΪ̫ˣҵĴ󲿷Ƽͳȥˡ֪ĿǰֻܼʣһƼ϶ҡѦһʣƼѦΪʨӴ󿪿ڣԲʣôƼ

ҶԷ¾Ʊ˼һ¡
ȻȥѦҵĻһЩȲѦҵƷУʨӴ󿪿ڣʱԻȡһƼ
ȥܼңΪֻʣһƼ϶ǳңҶҲС
ܼңգҶ˾ܼΨһһƼ϶ңһ뵽֮ǰǸѦˣһӲˬ
ԣҶѡܼҡ

˸֮Ҷص콾ջﻹǲܵõƼѾס
20ӣҶ۾ʼһ
峿һʱҶķűˡ
Ҷӣ⴫콾ջߵ
ҶţһλŮվǰ˵ҶӣѦܸܼǰ㡣
ܼңҶͷѦҺܼҶС콾ջǰʮǿߣͲһλܼˡ
һЩңܼҵȨǷֳɴģڼĵϵӵܡ
ǰ·Ҷ˵
Ůͷ
һҶѦҺܼҵλܼˡ
λܼҶͷ׷ߣͨͨҶһ۾ͷǵΪ
ǴңܼҶǿߣҶ찵ࡣ
λܼҺص㣬һ磬һ˫ӣ͸ǻ۵Ĺâ˲С
һ˴󸹱㣬ʱ죬һһЦݣֻ˫ӣʱ˸ĹâһЦصϺꡣ
ܼң򵥡
Ҷжʱ˶塣
λӽüĿһ֪ؾҶӰɣѦˡ󸹱ӿҶʱϵЦݸӷʢˡ
ѦѦҵˣҶԣʱԴ˾ûкøˣص˵ͷ漴һˡ
ӹܼЩϽҶ˱ȭҶ;ܻȻΪ׵ĳƺʵ飬ܸܼƽ
ҶʱԴкøˡ
ͬƨѦǳҶòʲôüĿ˵ҶС
ƽǳҶʵû鹹ֱӵҶɱʵҶ˶øС
΢΢һ˼֮ҶͿ˵ܹܼңˣҸط̸Σ
ҶĻƽϽףʱҲ¶ЦݣЦŵͷҶ룬Ѿź˾磬ͲҶһˡ
ҶԶʱȣλܹܼҲ򵥰Ȼ϶ѡܼҡ
һԵѦʱڣɫǳѿҶ˦˦ѡܼңƤ
СӣﲻǴ׹ΪĿ۵ġѦһȥ
ʱҶһ׺ݵǸӣҲ֪˭ǿ֮ˡ
ҶƲƲ죬ûѦǿҲƽ޹ɳһλʮϵǿ߶ԸȻ޾һܼҵв
ܹܼң߰ɡҶЦſƽ
ͬΪĹܼңƽѦĹϵҲͬˮ񿴵ѦԼǰӣƽзǳˣҶĿУҲһ˿øУЦ˵Ҷ룡
룡ҶЦ
˵һͬ뿪콾ջ


324 ܼС
ƽûãҶ㿴һΡĸۡ
Ȼܸ
ܹܼң㲻ܸ˰ɣҶЩΪƽʲô¥ϯû뵽ȻܸɲһܼܹеȨ
Ҷ֮ԣƽͷЦҶӣǼСŹӴյ֪ǣձصȥ콾ջܸͣСѾȾˣǽȥɡ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣û뵽ԼѾιˣ׹һڱʮ˹Ҳû˹ս
ʵҶ첻֪ΣǴһΪ׹ĵһţ׹һˮƽٲһҲܵܶ˵Ĺע
οһ񣬴׹ԲҶΪ׵һƺţܶ˵עˡ
ҶԷĴ׵û˹עǴ׹ǿߣû˸СĴ׵
ҲΪˣܶǱڴ׹̽ӣѾҶϢԼĹˡ
Ҷӣ룡߽ܸƽҶ̤һɫȣΧľݣͷףһζ
ԼһӣҶڲŵĿĵأܸ̾󰡣
ҶӣСţһ¥ſڣƽ˵
ܹܼˡҶ˵ͷŸ¥ȥӭŶʮŮǻҡҷվԣĿ
ŮǶеľͷһųӣϰ˸Ʋˣһһλȹٸ׿ԽòҶ߽ʱ΢΢һҶӣ롣
Ҷ΢΢ͷûж࿴˼ңϾŮҲܶˣֲǻգûҪһŮһˮ
ڳӵһ£Ҷ̧ͷܸС㡣
ŹӴһȻ鴫СŮƣȸΪƶҶ΢΢һЦͱһ
СˡҶҲӣһ¡
ܹǣӦΪԡɣ¾ƱƵĻҶ΢΢ĿЩȡ
С˵ûҶĳŶ֮˷ΣȻԡĻᣬСָ򡣡Ҷû뵽λСֱӣЩøУϾҲ裬ˬá
ҶӿˣԹӵ츳ԡǽѡ΢΢һЦóˣҶûã㿴óҶϲãֱӵҶ룬õҶĺøС
ʲôˣ̸ʲôЩ꣬ԼѾĥķǳˡ
ҶӣǣСŮӱһƼϧƼֻʣһˡǲµȴ£ҿ͸һƼΣ˵꿴Ҷ졣
ŶҶԣüͷһҲС㻰е⣬ûʱȵ꣬˵С㣬ǻʣһƼʲôҪֻҪҶĳõԲƴǡ
ҶӼȻ˵ôСŮӾֱˡ΢΢һЦ¶׵ݣЦݸĲá
Ҷ΢΢񣬵ȴƿڡ
΢΢ĬƬ̣һԣ˵ҶӣСŮٻӶ顣ףӣǰãٻһŵأÿʲôȥһ̽
ѾȥˣٻȴδҵʲôΣգǰȥ̽ǹŵ쳣֣ʵԽǿ˽ȥܵ޴ѹơβԣǷ֣Ψ߼˼ҵǿ߽ȥܴﵽĿĵء
˵ĿᣬŶҶ죬˵˵ܼѾ˺ܶǿ߽ȥûһܹĿĵؾȳٻˣǱ׼ԡȡǿְ߳ĻᡣŸŸǿ꿡ܣ˶飬޷ȳٻ
Ҷ꣬΢΢˼Ƭ̣漴ʵС㣬ӵʵ֪𣿡ܵõԡţһˣû뵽ȫʧܣҶеһЩˡ
ٻλһΪ˼ڣʵȴ˼ڡЩԺ˵
ŮӢۣٻ츳ǷܼҴСôϡ
Ҷԣ΢΢һݣٻʵ컹Ҫǿö࣬콾ˣڱʮ˹һҲǶˡ
ŵز򵥣
Ҷ찵뵽
ôҶӣеΪѣСŮҲǿġؿҶ죬Ů˵ģ˸е̣Щϧ
Ҷ쿴صԡĻᣬ˵ͷҶĳˣҶĳҲֻȫԸܷȳ﹫ӣҶĳҲûжٰա
лҶӣСŮӸмܴ˷ΣҶԺܸĹҿԳŵԺÿԡ͸Ҷһ˵
Ҷ΢΢𾪣ɲСһԡֵǧû뵽Ƴ˴󷽡
ʵϣ֪ܸ˸ٻϾƼܸкܶ࣬ⶫԱ󣬶˵ֻһԴѡ
ٻ츳ǷнʸҲܳΪ벽ܸصġ
ٻһЩƼǾͲֵһˡ
лС㣬ȻˣҶĳھͳҶʧٵĵصɡ뵽ԡĻᣬҶгڴæ˵
ҶӲżһ㶣漴ЦٻʧҲһʱˣһһûжٹϵҿҶ㻹ԡһЩʵȳٻĻᷴһЩ
ԡҶɴ۾ЩƵһۣͲԡ֮һ֮
ô׵£Ǿ͵СŮ顣˵
ãлСΣܹԡ߷ְվȳӡҶһ˵
һ̲סСŮӾ͵ȴҶӵĺϢˡ
֮Ҷǡ
ŹܼƽҶȥԡ
¥ſڣƿҶıӰڴ
СƣͶôģһƵĸףҲܼҵļ
ף֪һǰٻͻ̫콾ջһǵʱ̸λҶӣ֪̫Ӷ𣿡˵
Ŷ̫ӶԴҲܿ𣿡ܼҼһ档
̫ӵʱ˵ҶľУгĴߵʸ񡣡һ˵
ʲôܼҼʱˡ
̫κȻǴιһ񻰣ǴιһߡˣκȻҲĴߺܴ
ĴߵǿܼҼǳѹڱʮ˹һͷϵɽ콾֮ȣ˺Զ
ܼҼû뵽ҶᱻκȻ˿أ֪κȻԸ񣬾Բ˵Ȼ˶ԣôҶв֮
̫Ϊ棬ôλҶǷȻٻǶҪύĺܼܲҼԼıŮ͡
Ҳ¶Цݡ


325 ԡ
һİĵ¶ˮɫĹâ
ķӡ֮أѦҸɳһЩǿ߿أ⻹һλιɳİ벽ڴˡ
ûƼ˵ء
ͨһɭľʯͨҶƽķӡ֮أʱѾۼ˲ˣȻ׼ԡġ
źöӣÿֻܽȥˣÿֻܴʱڷӡ֮صĻ̌ͷбӣէһĨ⡣ǿİ벽ƣ׼ԡļǿսսڡ
Ҷһݣ԰벽ǿʱҲеϢѹ
£Ҷźöӣǰ棬Ҳֻˣ
ҪȴʱˡҶ찵뵽һԴ۾Լľ״̬
㣡һϤĴ̶
Ҷ۾ȥǸһ˿ЦԶһһŶӵ𾪵ؿ
ôˣʵ
ȻҪлѦ㰡ûָ㣬ôõܸƼҶ˵Ȼ۾ꡣ
ѦĹӣʢ˵ؾܾҶ죬ҲΪָ㣬Ҷ콾ջ
ɶ񡪡ѦҧҶ죬ϣ콾ջ˽ѵһҶ죬û뵽Ҷ쾹ȻĵõƼ
СˣߣѦӺ޺޵ؿҶһۣߵһߣٿҶ죬۲Ϊ
ԶĽߣЩؿһ۱Ŀ֮еҶ죬ǳһĨ֮ɫ
Ȥ΢΢һЦ漴۾
ʱ仩ţʱ֮󣬽ȥ˷ܵ˳
̫ˬˣҵΪȻ˰㡣
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˶һȻõ˺ܴĺô
˱飬Ҷڵˣ¶ڴ֮ɫ
ԡһΪǸݸ˵֪ʲôҶһ񣬸оԼľﵽ۷壬վ׼ȥԡ
ߣҲصȴš
۾Ŀ⣬Ҷ΢ͣһŻڵȥɡ
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ҺȻǽɫģеĪǾҶտտҲ˴кȥ

һˮҶоһɱҺ壬Լ˶
˼״ҲѧҶȥ
Уһž޴ͷԴ棬ŽɫҺ壬ӡ֮ء
ʱҶԡϸȫ£۲Լκһ仯
ɫҺ壬ҶëףҶڣԪ棬ȫ¡
Ҷʩչ˾תսƵģ˽ɫһ˫ڵӣȾ˽ɫ
Ҷһɫս񣬳ҽ֮ס
ĸоҶɫҺ壬Ѫ֮УַĹâ˸ϣʹɢ貵Ĺâ
Ҷͷ⣬־ȫ£һľ֮Уһ˿һΪ仯΢֪
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ҵѪնڴﵽ˴Բ硣ԼһʱҶһоԼѪնõµͻƣڴﵽԲ硣
ѪħҲˡ
ѪħҶڲĲֻһΪѣȵΪˣһѪħ
͹һͻƣҶ͸оУڲŹȥһʱ֪Щô
ֹһʱҶоԼΪ߼ڡ
ʱȥ֮ҶΧĽɫҺȻˣһı飬Ҷ˶С
ЩӣҶΧԲʮס
Ҷͺһһ˫ɫӣųĿĹԣΧı飬˲ѿһɼϢҶսڡ
̫ˣ
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ѪնͻҲˣϾѪնô꣬ҲõͻƵʱ򡣵Ǳһ似ѶȻȲϾתս壬Ҳ١
Ҷû뵽ԡԼıҲͻƣⲻò˵һľϲ
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Ҷ˿̷Լڵɫ꣬ǳ˷ܵΧĽɫҶ죬ȴ³ԼΪ
ҿСһﾫĺܰȻ̵µҶؿһУɫ꾹Ȼȡеȥ
ҲˣҶõӴʹԼΪš
ĸʱȥˡ
ҶΪﵽ߼۷壬˼Ҳֻ벽֮ң
ֻҪͻ˼ô˰벽ϵǿߣ˿вˡҶ˷ܵؼ߶꣬ŽɫҺ塣
ɫҲ֣ôȻûзһ仯
ԣҵͺս꣬ƺϵӽˡҶڣԼĺս꣬Щȡ
Чҵ㹻Ļ˵ҿսꡣҶЩź
˵صǱ˽ضϣȻ־ôźͱʹãʣѾˡ
ĻЩգҶԼһսꡣ
ǿߵս갡ҪǱˣôõĺôǾ̫ˡ
еźҶ߶꣬׼˼
ڣʱȥ֮Ҷ͵۾˫ҵĹâһӴƣϱõΧĽɫҺ嶼һ
ԶͬԡߣҲҶͻƶˡ
ɣһͻƾˣһ֮ɫ
˼СʵһҲ¶Ľ֮ɫ
ܹõƼʵҲѾ˼֮ǰҶ졣
ʱҶ˼ǲСˣϾҶˡ
ʱѵٳʱһ˶
жʱһݣҵæԾ߳š
֮⣬Ҷ쿴߳ҲЦӭȥ˵ͷ
ϸһȴû뵽֮գСѣַ·𿴵յϸ硣Цŵͷ
һԵ˶ʱˡ
죿
޵죿
Сǣ
׵
һˡ
ǿҶıӰһ𾪡


326 
뿪ӡ֮أҶȺڴ˵صƽһͬǰܸ
ԶһɫˣҶıӰ΢΢һĨЦߵ׵ޣڶǣһҲøſţߣ
Ѧӣʱ򣬳ԹڲԾнˡ

ܸ
ٴʹ˵أҶ첻ƣܼҼˡ
һӣǳȣվһɽ͸ŲϡĿ䣬ڿҶʱȴ¶͵Цݡ
׵ܼҼӭȥ
һ΢ЦƣҲӭϡ
ǰҶ켴ɡҶ쵭Ц
ҲǰˣСŮ£⣬ͳƺһɡܼҼЦ
Ҷ΢΢ͷһܲ
Ҷӣ΢ЦҶͷ
һͬ漴ŮǶͲˮ
Ҷֶ֪ԡЧûеĻȵ꣬ʱٴԡұһƼ㡣ܼ²豭΢Цʵ
лܲԡİܴ󡣶ˣʱԳ֪ӵʧ֮Ҷлһ漴ʵ
ܼ˰֣ҡͷ²һʱҶֶڶǺúһԡĺôʱȥٻҲ١
Ҷӣҵ˵Ĳ±ǽԼ״̬۷壬ٳҲ١ҲЦ˵
лܲСģ´ʱ״ֵ̬۷֮ʱҲλһҪȥ칬˷ܹȳӣҾͲһˡ޷ȳӣôգҶĳصлҶ˵
Ҷֶˡܼ΢΢ҡͷǰѾɳǿǰȥٻûһ˳ɹ˵ʵѾʲôϣҶԸǣҺСŮмʲôлǾ˵Цˡ
ǰҶӣΣǶ㡣Ҳ˵
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󣬳ѾãֻǶµ߶ԵġʵϣֻҪϵǿߣǲġ
ȴһɾ޴ʹð벽ǿߣҲ޷С
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ݻ˵Ǵ󲿷˱ǹǿסˣ޷һ˱еһЩˣֻǿߣǽϧûѰã㱻һЩǿޱ˻
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Ѧ
ȥѦܼҡʿȻѦϤĻһæѦ
һ󸹱ѦѶ
һʿѦб۾һУߵô˳𣿡
ѦܼӢʿæͷ
ܺãȥͰɡѦ˰֣漴һСܣһǰ˷š
ﴫһ
֨
ѦƿŽȥһ˵ӣСӸոճˡ
ˣǺҶй֮ԵѦӡ
ô죿ܸû˸𣿡Ѧ΢΢һ㶣漴ʵ
ûУǵˣֻСһȥѦҲЩɻ󣬵ʵ
֣ܼҵˣѵͲСƨ𣿡ѦӾ
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ˣôģûܸˣӷ£ȥŰɣСܵѦһкâһ
ӷģūʱѾ׷ȥˣܲġѦæ˵
ܺãҷģȵǻҰСӵͷ͵ܸߣڶǣѦҲǵһ塣ѦЦ
ٺ٣ѦҲ¶Ц뵽Ҷ콾ջɫԽʹ޲ϾܼҶͷ
ʱǿߣѦȥһ·ֱšҶķڿնʧС


327 Σӽ
󡭡ٻʵܹĴ²򵥣˵˷Ҳл
΢΢һ˿ڴҶӿٶȣķ·
ǿҵ쫷磬ΪҶٶȣǰХȴĻԪ棬޷ӽҶ֡
УʱصȸӹҶٶȣŴˣԶԶġ
ৣ
Ҷһ٣ΪֲٶȣĦХ
ﵽ˼֮Ҷٶȣֱﵽһֲֿĳ̶ȣзʱ۸
أ
ôһӰûп
ߣҲڼٷУɨǰüͷ塣
֣ѦܼҲ˵СӲûôһӰûпһɻ֮ɫ
ټӿٶȣСΪٶȿ϶ܿ졣һߵͺһٴμӿٶȣһǰĿռ䣬ʧС
ʱҶ죬֪Լ߲Ƶ׷
Ϊ˽Լʱ䣬Ҷһ·ٱУʮ֮󣬿һƬء
ȥһƬɫһſŲգһƬɭ֡ɭ֮УûһأһƬ
ˡʱðŹݣ壬ƮڿУɫǳƯ
ǶҶüͷһ壬æԪ֣ȻΪⶾܹ˵ԼҲſϾһЩǷǳȳġ
΢΢һǰҶȡͼ׼·ߣ׼ȥ
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նڲҪһһֻֻ޴ǳ֣֮Żѹǲ񷣬Ƭ
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͡
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ߣѦǸѦܼңҼˣ´лᣬһѦҸ۵ġҶһСеĶת̤
żǿߵʬ壬ôڵϣʬҰ

ǡ
һȲӴӳ룬ɨһֵļУһЦǶǣ統һ֣ϧˣǴκûıǡ
˾Ǳɱ׷ɱҶʮ۷ǿѪ
ѪԴ뿪Ӫ֮󣬱Ҷķһ·׷ϣϧι֮󣬾Ͳ֪ҶȥˣϾι̫ˡ
ѪϾϱǿߣо顣ҶţȻ˴ιôһԡĻᡣ
ȥ콾ջҪõѦҵƼô򵥣С˶ǣôԲô뿪ѪԵ콾ջķȥ
ڶǰѪҲǣõƼԡһջܴԴ˳ǷǳϤ
żе·ߣѪϤ콾ջ΢΢һЦ׼̤С
׵Ȼһɱ
ɲ򵥣ҵ֣ǳ߼Уڶǿߡû뵽Ȼв׵һ֮⵶ĳƺţʵ顣
źӹŵĲɡ
Ҹ˵׵ڲ֮һܹ콾֮һ

콾ջſڣһ̸߽һ˳պôѪ·
ǵ̸Ѫȭͷһգɱ⡣
Ҷ죡ѪҧĿУǿҵɱ⡣
¶ˣҶڶǡ


328 
ãã֮Уһÿ֦ƣһһ㣬ǡɫĶƬŰţʴһ
ûһأ޷ߣܳһЩȸĽ⣬ҲûҶȴ棬εһͷͷޣɢŲ
鼶ޣԲʮҲֻһͷڼޣνҲֻǶµ߶ԣȴ԰Ȼعȥ
ҶĿ΢΢һɨ˽һЩȻݵͼƵ·ߣһ̤һÿòС
žΪҶλ֮͵ĵڴ˼ž
ৣ
һͷɫľ𣬾޴Դűӣ˸ſһѪڣҶȥ
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΢΢һиӦҶ죬Ҳ룬һ̤¡
һ˲䣬ҶĽƱ˽ɫǾ޴ĽΪ֧ȥݺݵغ˾Դ档
䣡
ǿҵĳ˷ɢȥա
͡ͷżǿޣô׾ٵرҶɱǾ޴Ӱе棬һЩӿɡ
ʵ̫ˡ
мɨһۣҶӿٶȣǰ
һ·ϣҶ첻ʱϮǿʵǰûһͷ޿ĵ·Անɱ
ΣҶǰƽأʱ䣬ɵ
ҲҶӽʱһɾ޴ѹͻȻ٣ʹ񱳸һصĴɽƵġ
ˣҶȻޱɡվһôϣűïʢĴһƬɫסߡ
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΢ӦһѹǿҶĿһ뵽
ৣ
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λΧ紦ǰȥƬɫֵĵشˡ
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ȻҶָǰȥһɫͣס
ܼɳȥѰٻˣԶߵ﷢ٻµּҶտտ⣬ûĹٻϢ
ԺлŴܼŮеõϢҶ͵һС
Ψ޷繫ӿԾҡٻʵڱʮ˹ҵڱʮ˹꿡֪Ŀ϶ʮȻ˵޷ԾôҲԡ
Ҷ޷罻֣֪޷һЩϸ
ȣ޷ʵ϶ڱʮ˹һǿ֮һ
Σ޷ľתսҲ˵㣬ѹǳӴԽȥѹԽΨǿ˲ܼ
ǿȣľתս壬һЩǿߵҲˡ
ٻ϶޷Ծԭ򣬴⣬޷ۺʵҲһԭ
ڵۺʵ޷绹ҪѷһҵǿȣѾ֮£δزܳɹҶԼġ
գҶͼ׼Ǹλ߸Ծ룬ǰȥ
˵ſµѹҶ̫ǿˣľתս壬濰ǿߵֵѹҶ˵׾١
һɫֵĵش֮УҶоǰһڣѾһƬ۾޷á
ѲҶ죬Լ־ȥΧĳʱһһӳԺ֮С
ϵǿ˵۾ǲȱ٣־ʱ۾á
Ͼ۾ľޣֻҪ־ֵһо֮С
ǿߣǵ־Ըݴ½Ƕܿõ㡣

ͻȻһͷǿ޴Ծ𣬳Ҷɱ˫ɺӣںɫ֮УյעĿ
ޣȷΣգ
Ҷһ˲Ϳͷ޵ΪжʱΪʲôܹˡ
Ȳ˵˵صѹӴһ˵أһʵֻܷӳɣЩϮҲҪˡ
ޣڵҶ˵ֵһᣬֱһնɱȻ޵ʬ塣
Щʬ嶼ǱòţҲԸҶҵáҶ찵뵽ʮС磬صĿռǳӴ
һǱӲƤ׿սףϵƬ͹ͷԴɸ
޵Ѫ⣬̺ǿ߳ȥΪ
ҶڲǵոհݽŵĲ񣬾֪׹һЩӵܣǴСͳЩǿѪģǵٶȸǳ죬󲿷ֶܴﵽڼ
ҶҲҶҵĺ׼һЩѪ⣬ڲõĽҶҲǿ߲
һǿļ壬ֻһˣʼҪ뿪ʮ˹ģڴ֮ǰҪҶҵʵȫҺ֮ǡ
Ҷâңͬһ財
дע֮ҶԲټӿٶȣһ·ǿޣĿĵظȥ
֮ܾûôǿƵﵽһȺޣԼҫȫҶʳﴢ
ΧҪٵö࣬ÿһͷ޶ϡ
һ·ȥҶ֮е޾Անɱʹڵ򣬷ǳİ
¹ȥˡ
ҶѾɱ߰ٶͷˣеȼ߼ʮͷ֮ࡣ
ʱһ·̣ҶܹﵽĿĵˡ
ǰٻµּ֮ˣҲǵͼƵļޣʣµȴûеͼˣֻԼ̽
΢΢ɨһ۵ͼҶ̧ۿǰĿ˸һ£ͼǰȥ
ৣ
ͻȻĳҶǰҼлһ׺ݵƣʮ־ˣâп˿
е˼ҶĿһɨʱͿ͵ϮԼޣȻѵһĶޡ
޷ǳϡ٣ѾѵһҶڱ¼濴Ľܡ˵ֻҪ꣬弶ϵΪǿܹﵽ벽
ӦҼǿˣϧֻ˼ĶޣҵĶ֡
Ҷ΢΢һЦսת𣬳ǰһնµĵâ֮ӭɱֻޡ
¡¡
һֲĴըһ͵ײһ˫֮һǿɢȥƬһƬ
û˷ʱ䣬ȥɣҶ
ʣֻޱҶһشڵɵ;Уײһÿò
Ҷʤ׷ս㳯ֻɱȥ
ֻûзã㱻Ҷնɱ˼֮֮ͬгĴ⣬Ѿûж˿ԺһսˣοЩޡ
Ψ޷繫ӿԾҡ
ɱֻ֮ҶԱߵһ;޴Ĳϣһвִٵּ
ʣٻԣҲǵͼص֮ˡ


329 ¹
ֻ޵ĶֱۣȻγɵıеȵˡ
ֻ޵ĶһնҶһ£һ貵ĵâԶһôķ顣
ˣҶ컹ֶ޵Ƥ׺ܺԴǿսס
޼ֱһǱ
ϲõֻ޵ʬ壬ҶϸٻּĵطõϢһٻȻΣգԲּ
ңҶ鿴һΧսս˫ܾܿٻͱҶѾɱֻޡ
ٻȴûҶôǿֻޣֻǿסֲܣȻһط
ΪӵıȽϲִٺͻңҶܿʹΧغۼжϳٻߵķˡ
Ӧߣֻ޳׷ȥˡҶ쿴һñгĴԺͻȻһĨ
Уٻսˣֻ׺ݵĶ׷һֻһȴûУٻԵһô롣
΢΢ҶԺеĳʱʧһЦս㳯Ӷȥ
һΣҶٶȺһ·Ѱٻټ
ңÿ߹һƬҶ춼ὫƵͼ棬Ժĵͼˡ
ʱҶһ̽ߡ
֣ۼȻȫʧˣ
һƬտأҶüͷɻ
ǰһ޴ԲأܻһÿòԵЩرûֻͣõ棬ûһ˿ǳš
ҶվԱߵһô棬ϸ
һ·׷Ѱ˴˵أѾҲٻټֻ޵ڴ˵һЩۼӺۼҲóһǾֻ׷ɱٻ˵أûм׷ɱˣǷˡ
޼ǲݵģǼȻ׷ɱٻôԶôڴ˵ط
ң״Ҳ̫ˣԲǳԲ
Ҷüͷ壬شǰأСĵ̽־
־ϢҶ췢ԲػһԲǺԲԲԲһһλһȻģôԲΪġ
ΪġѵжҶ͵۾һǿ־̽ȥ
͸סҶ־ʴܿ͸һͣصصס
һɫĹһ״ǳ޴ֽͨɫɢŵɫĹâסΧͣ˹Ľྻ
ǳ𺳣
Ҷջ־۾֮ɫ
澹Ȼһ޴ĽɫǹֱҶжϳˣҲһλǿߡ
Ȼǿµż
ٻǽ빬ˣѹûʲôۼҶ۾͸ڴĹâһλǿµż˵һЩ
ҶڵΪҲΨϵǿߣŶ
գҶԪ֮УŹڴǱȥ
ţѹԽԽǿˣ
ȻҶһԽǱܵǹѹԽԽˡ
ѵǹǿѹԴͷҶ漴뵽иӺˣҪ֪ǹǿѹǳʲôɢġ
ǱҶ˽ɫɢųҵĽɫâĽɫҪ貶Ŀ
תս֮ҶʱоˣӿٶȣŹǱȥ
ͬһС̫һҶɢĹâԽԽ۶Ŀתս弴еµ֡
ʱҶɫһǧס
ܡٻתս㶼ﲻôܽܵϵľ޴ѹҶǾȣɻ
Ҫ֪ﻹûеִ﹬Ҷ㽫תս߶˼ޡ
ʣûתսٻܹ
ҵľתս壬ҲֻܿһҺ޷⣬ûӵнʸ񡣡
зǳɻ󣬵ҶɫӺˣҧ߶תս壬Ǳ
빬ʱҶٶѾˣǹӴѹ񱳸ʮɽƵģ粽ѡ
빬һʱҶٶѾţһˣǰȴоѵִ
ôѹҲٻСӿԽҶӶǿѹŤˣӣһȥ
ʱҶѾؿɫĿˣǳӴҶǰһֻϡ
Χһ㵭ɫĹȦʱҶȦֻʮ׵ľˡ
·һ־õˣҶȴоԼҲǰã۾ɵϴ˫һƬ־ŭ
ѾһˣҪһҪ
ҶܲģǳĲģѳ̵óˣҧƴȥȴţһȷǳ
һֱӾͱɾ޴ѹѹˡ
Ҷ̲ס̭ǿѹǰҲΨǿ߿Խɡ
ٻҶһٸܹ
˭
Ҷ찵ֹ֮ʱһȵ
Լ䣬Ҷ쿴ԶĽɫȦڣһģģӰش
һˣ
Ҷܿжϳˣзǳ֣Ѳһλôܽ
Ǻܿ죬Ҷʹ뷨ԷǿߣԼڵΪ˼ҵļţ˼һԼˡ
գҶ̲ס˵˭
ǸģӰĬһ£漴˵ģ㵽˭ҪˣʲôľתսȻѾ㣬Ȼ޷
˵Ļг˾衣
˵ʵӦòңҶĿһ뵽ʵǿôͲôˡ
᲻ٻҶȻ뵽
ȻҶ첻ٻб½̵ֻĵطٻ벻ˡ
£ҶٴʵҽҶ죬Դ׹û˵ңҵһγǲٻӣ
ԷǲٻʱҶԿԷһʱȷţԷ㲻ٻҲٻйϵ
Ҷ죿һĴ֮е޷⣬Ȼ˽תս㾳磬һǵһ˵׹ǿߡǸģ˵
֪㲻ңҿԸ㣬ȥġҶ컺˵óٻܾ衣
ҳȥߣҪȥͳȥΪʲôҪȣһȴǳԼٻݡ
Ҷ찵˿ٻû£ҲԵסܼҸŮˣҲǵһƼ
һҶ˵ӣ֪ܲ㱻ڴ˵أѾСܼǰǰɳλǿ˵Ѱټʧˡ


330 ٻ
ҶĻ£ȦһĬ
Ҷ˵ҵһιŶǵұܼȡһƼȻΪҪӴ˵ؾȳȥˣС㻹ң㱾׽ģӦ˰ɣ
˵֮ҶûмԣֻǽضŹȦڵǵģӰ
ٻƺԥҶ쿴ȭͷ𣬵ַƺڽʲô
Ҷ΢΢Щɻ󣬵ĵصȴš
ãٻڿˣ˵Ҷ֣ҿ԰һĻҲһ
ô˵Ҷԣʱ¶Цݣٻѡˡ
һλǿµĶɫȦǳǿܹͷųǿѹΨǿ߲ܴԽͬʱȦҲһûʵ޷ȥٻ͵
ô˵֪ܣҶ쾪ȵͻȻ뵽Ƶ˵ĻٻҵһѵǴ˵أ
һżз˴˵أҾһ׷Ѱҵ˽˵صԿף룬һϧұ˴˵ذ꣬Ȼ޷õⳡٻ̾
ԣλǿӦҪѶˣô϶Ὣ˵ص·һгȥİ취Ҷ˵
ȥİ취ܼ򵥣ͨ飬õʱܳΪλĵӣȻԳȥٻЦΪԼԵõⳡ˭ϵλµĿǳѣ޷ͨ
Ҷ΢΢һٻȻôҲһλ˼ǿߣ츳Ҳ콾Ȼ޷ͨλǿߵĿ顣
Ҷ֣㻹ǻȥɣлҡϣܹȥתСƣûΣգᱻסһʱ䡣ŵҽżʱһܹͨλǿµĿ顣ٻ˵
ɲУҴӦҪȥֶܿأ㽫Կ׸ңҽȥ˵ҶҡҡͷȲ˵ܼҸŮĶ飬Դ˵Ҳܺ棬Ҫȥһ
Ҷ֣Ҫٻ
ַģұڣǺôˣҲܻһ롣ҶЦ˵
ãҶָ壬˷Σҽˡٻһ̧ƣһɫĹ˳
ҶָһУһŽɫֽҳɢ̫ͬһ貵Ĺâ
ףҶüͷһһõɫֽҳ͸оѹһ˲͵˽ɫĹȦ֮С
Ҷ֣
Ȧ֮Ҷ㿴һ곯ԼȻٻ˵ǳһ˲ţѹַ²Ƶķġ
Ҷ쳯΢΢ͷ漴ɫֽҳ
Կֻܴǽܴǳȥ˵ѾûʲôôˡٻŽɫֽҳҡҡͷҡͷЦ
ͬʱٻҲڴҶ죬ͻȻ¶֮ɫʵҶ֣ղ˵Դ׹ĪǾһһĴ׵
ɹأ͸λǰ̧Ҷĳһ󱲣ܵõ˳ƺšҶǫҡҡͷ
ʢ֮ʿҶ־ͲҪǫˣ֪ܲǰǴιĻ̫ӣҲ콾֮һκȻǰΪвˡٻЦ˵ǰκȻҶ츳΢мҶ죬֪κȻԲ顣
תս㾳磬Ѿٻʰ·ˡ
´Ѿ콾ʵˡٻа뵽
Ŷǻ̫ӾȻᵽңҶԣ¶֮ɫ뵽˵μӴڶؿʱʱ΢κȻһֻۣоɲ⡣
ȻڵҶ죬ȴѾûаκȻɶˣڵĿĴߡ
ǰ̫˵츳ĴߣΪ콾ǱȻģлΪĴ֮һٻĽ֮ɫ츳ȻҲӽ콾ΪĴ߼ǲܵˡ
ֹˣ˻ʱᣬȥɣλʲô顣ҶЦ˵
Ҷָʵ˵سû֮⣬һչĺõطҪǼ׺Сƽ飬һ治뿪ٺ٣ٻЦΪҶ·
ǿɲУҴӦܲСˣҲҪȥҶЦŴȤ
ٻЦ뵽ƣһů
˴Ӹ߿л£ڹǰһƬ޴Ĺ㳡ϣ㳡ɽשɣ涼ɢŶĿĹâ
ǻ׳Ҷ޵
ɲҸҿ϶λһһϲܵˡٻЦŵͷ
Ź㳡Źȥһ·Զһ޵ĵһ죬׺ݵضҶٻ
Щ޲λİɣҶɨԵĵһۣȵ
ҶҲֻޣٻɵúؿҶ졣
㿴ǵʵֻۿȻıҶйâһһֻ޴Ķ޵Ķۣ˸ĺâ
ɱǣٻʱ͵ɴ۾û˱ֻ޵ǿ󣬵Ǳֻ׷ɱͶ·Ųòû׼½
Ҷ΢΢һЦҲĿɿڴٻĴǰ
ѹ̫Ӷ˼ɵ
ҶıӰٻ֮ɫ
֣ŵδ򿪣ǰҶĺٻæ˹ȥ
ǳӴ󣬵ȴֻһţҴŽգҶôҲƲ
Ҷ֣˵ʵҲ֪ô취򲻿šǰǰҶ˸飬ҲҲʲôء˵Ц㳡ϵĽש˸顣ŽյĴţٻҡҡͷ̯˫֣֮ɫ
ǰɣô˵Ҳûһ˽ⰡҶؿٻΪܵõʲôõϢٻҲûж˽⡣
ҶĻٻڨڨһЦ
֣ÿ㣬ԿܴܲݻšҶûжԣеսվڴǰٻ֡
ɶҪٵţٻһûзӦĿɿڴ˰꣬ûпǹš
Ͼٻ⹬ǿµģö˶˵ػٵ˼ҵĴţҲ̫صˡ
Կ˵ҲšҶһЦսעȫԪݺݵسŴһȥ
ʱٻͿһٶɳĳҵâݺݵغ˹Ĵ档
¡¡һ·ҡһ£Ƶһ㡣
Ҷһû飬ȫһԵٻ𾪲ѡ
꣡
ͻȻһ˿˿Ѻۣ漴һ£¶һտĴɭ谵ľ
ȻҶٻûɵ۾ȥ˲Լͬ̽־֮С
ţɫһ䣬ɫ


331 Ѫħ
谵Ĵ룬һѪɫħƯڰУɢŶĿѪ⣬޾Ѫɱ
ʱ綼·ʧˣҶУֻʣѪɫħ𾪣Ŀ̰
һԵٻҲޱȣ۾Ѫɫħ˫졣
䣡
µɱڴűƻһ̣ͬһӿĺҶٻ˳ײ
˲䣬Ҷٻ˱㱻ǿײɳȥݺݵط˼ͷ
ͬʱţҲݻٵһɶӿֳҵѪ⣬ǳҫ۶Ŀ
Ĺ㳡ϣҶٻһƨڵϣʱŷӦɵͬʱ

Ѫħ
ٻҶһǰһ󾪺˵ϣ𾪺Ͳš
ǻӡ
ѪħҶʶٻȵؿҶ졣
Ҷʱһеļ˷ֿ֪ܵ˵ѪħţһλԽնɱһλӶ𱱺ʮ˹뿪˱ʮ˹һŽѪħĹ˱ʮ˹Ѫɱ¾
Ѫħ˻˵飬û뵽ȻҼѪħ嵶һɱǿߵıٻ֮ɫ
һħûɱ¾⣬޷ʹãпܱ꣬ΪħĿܡҶ
ٻһ΢ԥһ£漴̹ȻһЦ˵Ҷ֣Ǵ׵Ҽֵĵɱ¾⣬ѵΪʺ㣬ҾͲˡ
Ҷһ㶣û뵽ٻôˬ죬зǳõѪħϾٻȷֵġ˱ʵ˵
֣㷢ֵģû㣬Ҳ⡭ⲻ̫ðɡҶЩɵ˵
ٻ˰֣ȻѾͲˣҡͷûɱ¾⣬ֲõģѵ˵Ҳֻһõı㷢ҲûйѪħǰ
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ٻ΢΢һЦǱղѾǹʧˡ
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һٻðΣգδܹõһûõıֱ͸Ҷ죬ȡһ顣
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Ҷ飬ٻڲõĽջԶԶһõ
ò˵ٻһˣڴˣܹЩҲ̲ס
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ɴ˿ɼǶôˡ
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ҶѪħġѪħѪնҲ˴Բ磬һѪħˡ
ѪħҶѪħѾûʲôоתսʽڣͬѪħҪǿ
ˣѪħѪħսһ̺ɱޱȾˣôҶɱ¾⼫ġ
Ҷؽ硣
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Ҷ֣ѵ²ô׵õģСĵ㡣ٻҲȥ˳Ҷ졣
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ףɱˡһԵٻȳȻҲӦ洫ɱ仯
ѵ걻۵ɱһ˲ͷų϶ǳˡղŵͷţɱҲࡣ
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СġڴʱҶںȵ
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ǶޣٻֲԪһԼɱĶޡ
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ԶҶ죬ð𾪣ֻȻֻҪǿĶ࣬ʮǿˡ
ûж룬ҶٻֻܾսȫŶһѪն
ҶϣΧκƻֻޣܾٻˣֻһٻʵ㲻ҲҪˡ
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ҶķӦܿ죬һֱСĵع۲ܣֻ޳ֵһ˲䣬ͷˡ
ٻЩԶôͲô鷳ֱһӭȥ
ֻ޲ôɵԸܵҶѪնΣϢҲ룬㶪ٻӭҶ졣
䣡
УҶսֻ޵Ķۺݺײһ𣬱˾ը죬һǿֲĳƷڵĺˮ˷ϯȥ
˲䣬ٻһǿĳɳȥ䵽⡣
ǿһǿһ֡
֮УҶܵս洫ľ޴˶ʱʮಽ𾪡
۶Ķޣȴû˺벽ףһЦҶһ
Ӳƴ
Ҷһֵһó˴ϵıʽԼǰ
䡭޵Ķ۳ݺݵغҶǰ̫ͼ棬ǳ޴󣬵޷̫ͼķ
Ҷ״ǸһĨЦֵս߸߾Ѿ׼Ѫնž㵵Ķ޺ݺ¡
û뵽Ҷķôǿʱ뾪֮Уû뵽Ӧ㱻ҶһݺݻС


332 Ѫ
䣡
һѪն̺ҶǿݺݵǰĶޡ
һ̣Ҷؿ޵һŤԵøˣƺ۵ܡϵطŭ˻ţֲХ̶ա
Ҷʤ׷̫ͼս˵ĶޣһʮռϷ硣
ٻĿɿڴĿһĻ𺳡
û뵽ҶôǿѾԽ콾ƽĴˡٻһθܵҶǿʵоѣͶء
˵ҶֵͱҶҪСö࣬治ĽǶôֲŵڴչҶ죬ٻ֪ӰעڲõĽҪ𱱺ʮ˹ˡ
ûе
ٻҲѣҿѪħøҶ죬һʻ
ڣսϣȻܵˣȻʮ㣬ǶʱڿԱҶɱġ
עһ־ս
УѪħҫ貵Ѫ⣬ɱ
⣬ٻһ߹սһӡ֤Լǳýζ

ǡ
Ѫһش콾ջɫǳѿ
ΪҶ첻콾ջѾõܼҵƼԡˡ
ɶ񣬿ɺ޵ܼңȻô׾ͰƼҴɱĻᡣѪһŶأ涼һȥ
Ѫǳŭ֪Ҷţ㽫նɱĻôԽԽɱˡ
ܳǣҶѾɱ죬ʵżǿߡڣҶԡΪ϶˺ܶ࣬һʮδɱҶ졣
ȻѪʮ۷Ϊ֪Ҷȥµʱɱľ
ⲻѪǫ飬֪ҶֵȼţǾԲóݵġ
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ҶѾԽ콾˭֪ʲôʱͱȼĴˣѪҶġҪҵҶ죬նɱԾ󻼡
Ҳɱ뷨ɱɳʮ۷ѪһţõѪԳ֣
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Ҷһ̤ƽšĹ鿴


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һȻܿ죬Ҳֻһ֮䣬սУ׷ȴˣܹõ߲
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֣˵ܾ֮ǰѾõѪħǰĹСҶתͷٻܵһ˵˳


335 Ѫħʥ
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336 Ψһ
ӴϢͬˮƵҶĺӶʱһȫЩϢ
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ѪħԹЦ˵ɵͽΪʦҲΪʮԶԶǿһ磬ǵΪʦ뿪ʮ˹ȴһǳǿĶ֡Ϊʦͬ磬ȴƾһСΪʦһǿƻܣΪʦжŲʮС
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֣ߣҶһȳ˳ȥʩչһ죬ٶ˹
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뿪֮ǵѷŻʧ
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ȻҶĳ֣˹Ѫħõһ׽ջ񣬼ֱ
ٻѾˡ
֣ǳȥɣСȾˡҶЦ
ٻʱһ졣


337 һս
ڣӰͻȻֳӣȻҶٻˡ
Ҷ֣Ҫڴ˷ֱˣĲȥ𣿡ٻתͷһԵꡣ
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ҶĿٻȥȻϵЦݱѸ΢΢һ̣ĿɨԶһïܵĲЦһλʮǿߣȻڴˣ˵ΪרŵȺҶĳôҶĳ֮
ԶһòǳïܣʲôҶֱȴܹܵһλǿߡ
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λصǿߣƺרڵȴҶ죬ҶٻֵʱΪй¶һϢҶˡ
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ԶǿòҶĻ֮󣬱㡰䡱һը
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ѪǳǿԪȣӿѪͬһ㣬ֱɢһɿµѹȸС
ΪܹɱңҶĿ棬ԣµƣΧγһ֮
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ˣѪҶĿУҲ˾֮̾ͣƣ㲻Ǵ׹ˣĳ˵ʲôҲ᲻ɱһλ콾
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Ҷһɫǳ۱쫷紵죬˫ͬһ㣬ҵĹâѪʱеսѾ׼õʽʩչȥ
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˵գѪһ̤ƺҪһѹҶ죬ƺˡ
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ŶãСӾѾ˼һʮǿ߶κβҪ˶ãĴˡѪ뵽Ŀгǿҵɱ⣬һɭĳ³һɳĽâҶ졣
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һ̣Ѫħ·ħ񣬷̶ļХһӿȵѪɫӣҶı𣬺Ƶ֮ϡ


338 Ѫħ
һƬ죬Ѫ죬񷡣
ò˵ѪħǳǿһһɻƣΧĴضѿˡ
µһκ˶޷ֵʮ۷Ѫ
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һ죬Ҷ쿴ЩĽòջѪħʩչʽ̫ͼԼǰ

Ľƴ֮׵磬ݺݵغǰ̫ͼ棬һĹâ
ԶԶȥҶ˶·Ľˡ
ûᡪߣԶѪ״ͺһӸ߸Ծһһʧ֮С
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ʵ벽£Ҳû˿вˡҶĿ棬ԣš
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һǵСĵ㣬ֻҪҽʮʱ벽Ҳɱ󡣡
ҶŵһЦӳʧС

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Ѿ뿪ιˣǴ󽭹ɱһλ벽ǿߣҲҲˡ
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뿪ֱ֮뿪˴ιǰ˴󽭹ⱾҲ׼õ·ߡ
ֻҪ󽭹ִܵﺣˣʱͿԳ˴ǰ칬


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ħѪħ꣬ȻѪħɱ¾⣬ܹȫôҲ⡣

Ҷһһڴ󽭹ε
ڴڼ䣬׵ţҲҶߣ˴ϱ
ңôʱ䣬ҶնɱϢҲ˱ʮ˹ʱߡ
Ҷ첻֪֮УѾ콾֮һȡѾȥλá

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ԶһСɽͻȻըѿڿշһӰЦ
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һ꣬һŴ󹭣ĿȵضҶеѰ


339 
ïܵɭߵӰܣҶѰΧм䣬Ϊ׵һ꣬һŴ󹭣ңңҶ졣
Ҷ쿴мסļʸһۣٿ˿ĳֹ꣬üͷʱ˭Ϊʲô׷ɱҵޣ
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ңɵĵ̣ҶĺǿҲڻ⣬ΪҪ˶ãλϾܸˡ
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䣡Ҷʩչɱȭһȭͺ֧ʸǼʸڰбըǿıըû׼Ҷ춼ը
СӣеʵѹôţȻҪһϣֹ꿴ҶԼļʸЩȣȴûк£ΪҶ˺󼸲Ҷʵڲ֮䣬϶סôֵġ
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ΧŰµϢأۿɼӿȣƺƵֱϯ졣
⡭
ֹɫ䣬ɵҲ֪Լߵˡ
ܣһߴһֻ־ͰѹƬһƬѪģѪɽ˼ʮɸߡ
ʣµļߣҲЩĥȫһȼģǸ޷ֵҶǳ֮֡
ֹ곹ױŴˣ¹Ⱦܡ
񾡣󻼣ȻˣôͲ»ڣҶ۾ųֹıӰһâ
ףѹһţ˵ԺҶҾͻһλߡҶӵϼǼ󹭣󹭹һƬ̫ͬ£˸ɭĺ⣬ɢ˵Ϣ
ù
Ҷ첻̾һ漴һʸ˫һԲȻǰڱӵĳֹȥ
ৣ
ȻҶû־ǣ£׼ͷҲǳֹľ벢Զ
û⣬ҶʸŻԪһٶֹԪ֣Ҽݺݹ롣
ۣ
Ѫ磬ֹɫһ䣬ͬʯһ㣬ж¡
ҵļҲٺ٣ҶӣԼһ⣬󹭣һ䵽ֹǰ
Ȼܵһشǳֹ겢ûѪֹҼ磬ֵؿ߹Ҷ죬ŵ㲻ɱңҵŵĵ̣ɱܲ˵ġ
ôҲɱ㣬Ͳ𣿡ҶЦһȻûг֣ȴɢһɿµϢóֹ壬ŵ󺹡
ɶ񣬵һȥһҪҼλɱСӡҷųϸֹסеĴޣµ˵ֻҪңһҵġ
ϧҲ㡭Ǿ仰㣬ɡҶЦҡҡͷڳֹ꾪ֵĿУ̧һֻơ
ÿСӣϷҪǰ֣
ڴʱһϵը졣
ѾĳֹԣʱϲҲ֪˵һӺʮɡ
ųϣϽɱСӣҪСֹ㿪Ҷ֮Ծذȫˣ¶ָҶغ
Զգһ׷ͯյߣ䣬̤ն£˳ֹǰؿҶ졣
Сӣɱŵ˭춼߳һʦͷ˫֣Ŀгư֮ɫûаҶ
ȷԸʵΪһλ˼ǿߣһ
ŶҲô룬ӳȥԺ鷳ࡣҶЦ
ţͫһĿɭȻӶҶ죬΢΢ЦҺϷ˵˲࣬ţҲġ
ɱϼһҲҶߵ
һ죬Ϸ򿴿ʵǷȵ˵Ҷ죬߳ŭһžͳҶ̤ȥ
һУ
ҶʱˣǰѪһսҲܵһе衣
ʱҶͷģԺֻˣٲ
գҶ̧ƣӳһֻһ㸩£һ̤ߡ


340 
С
ԭһ̤ҶߣͻȻҶ췴һ̤ԼʱþŭӣһһȭҶĴš
䣡
ۻԪ߶˵òһʵǳ£ҶʦǳϻҪǿһȭ֮£նˡ
Ҷ죬עҪ硣
¡
ȭŽӴɲǼ䣬ߵɫ䣬ΪظܵһɿֲҶĽ洫Խ
¡¡ըˣֲȭӳһɹ׺ݵĳնڲѣը졣
Ҷһţݺݻߵȭͷ񣬼ͷ̤£ڲԶֹ𾪵ĿУһźݺݵ̤ߵͷ
ߴ׶Ťˣһŭüģ߻ħ
ʱһ˼ǿߣȻһ̤ͷǶôĳ裬ֱɱ˼ˡ
СϷ㲻ݣ߱ߴ˫һƬз·Ҫҽһŭڷڡ
ҪɱҶ죬һҪɱҶ죬ϴˢĳ衣
ৣйâһһѽɫĴ󹭣ɢųҵĹâͬһ̫һ㣬Ӳӵģҫ۶Ŀ
Ϊŵһϣǿ似ȻǼûаҶȴҶôǿ˴Ƥ
СϷҪ䴩֫
ߴһнɫ󹭶ʱ貵ĹâһŽɫĹԣһſƵģҶ켤
ò˵ߵļǳֹȴǿ˲֪ٱҶɫҲ̧˫ƣһգ˫ȭ֮϶ʱһ˪

Ҷһ˫ȭһɼϢϱһɱһеա
ৣ
һǿͻȻգھҶʮǰҲǰá
ʱҶΪģΧԲʮ֮ڣˡ
ʲô似ߵɴ۾
Զĳֹ꣬Ҳһ𾪣û뵽Ҷôǿ󣬾Ȼų϶޷ɱ
һﲻ콾ɣܡ콾ҶʶСδֹĵɻ
ɱ似
ҶЦһʱըЩҲʧȥ֧ţ˵ϡ
Ҷһ˫ţ̤նϣȭߡ
߿֮ǰһĻȻҴ⣬æȥҶ롣
ЦϷǹ֣սţⲻܣ߱ΪҶ˾룬׼乭Ҷ죬ȴû뵽һͷ㿴˽ߵҶ졣
ٶ̫ˡҶ΢΢һ̣мƲƲ죬һȭݺݶߺ
ৣ
ҶȭͷûǹɼϢѾߴ˸סͷ𾪣æӣϣԱܿһȭ
ȻҶȭͷʮʱǹɼϢѾ֡
ʱ߸ܵһȭĿֲΧĿ·ˣնˣҲˡ
̫ˣ
Ҷҡҡͷ
ǱߣʧȥϢͬһ񣬴£䵽涼ûбڻ
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Ҷڵʵһżǿ߱УҲҪһƤοֻһ˼ǿߡ
ʱ˼ǿֻǰȴ˵ĲһҶ΢΢̾һ£ڳֹ꾪ֵĿУ˹ȥ
ҪɱңҪʲôҶ㡣ֹʱˣ֣Ҷذ
Ҫ𣿡ҶЦŲͣųֹȥǹӴѹóֹӲѡ
ɱңֹ꼱ͷ󺹣С檵ȥңдõȥܣô
ˣ֪һϢ϶áͻȻֹ۾һ·ˮץסһһ۾Ҷ졣
ϢŶ㵹˵˵ãһҲǲԡҶԣͣ˽ŲһЦ֮ɫ
ǰСʱ䣬£Ϊ־Ӧ֮£ΧûһˣʱɱСһ֮
ңŵİ벽ܲܰɣôպŵİ벽
ǰ벽ôʲôǿߣ¡
Ǿʵš
ҶȤضųֹ꣬·ڿһֻϣһ㶼ûżȴųֹĻش
ҪĲɱңֹסеľ˵
˵ϻûʸ̸ٲ˵ҵľûˡҶЦ̧һֻƣնʱһµϢƬ
ֹһæ˵˵˵ɱҡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦƿؾĸоϲ·һ߸ϵߣ
˵գʲôϢõĻҲһСҶߵ
ģǰеӷ̶̶˵Ҳ֣ûбᣬȴޱȣһֻһ̽㱻ֱӶˡֹ˵
˵ص㣬ҪΪʱһ᲻Ҷȵ
ǣֹгܵĴаҶʮ˴ˣסеŭ𣬼˵Ӧ̶֪ͨˮûô䣬˵̶϶мʵıǳж衣ҸղſǺȭ⣬裬ĺȭܹһɾ硣
裡
Ҷ۾һд𣬳˼
Դӵõ˺ս֮ĺȭҲĺܿ죬ɱ¾⣬Ѿﵽɰľ硣
ҵõ裬ôȭĳɰľ磬һٳɱ¾⣬ʱ磬Ҳֻ벽֮ң
Ҷ̲ס뵽
ɾ־ܽɱ¾ĳɾ磬ȭɰľ磬̫һɰľ硣
Ҷ챾ΪҪΪɱ¾¹ŶԣõѪħʹɱ¾ĺܿ졣
õ裬ôҲɺȭ硣
һҪõҶⱬ䣬Ϊ˿һҪõ衣
˵̶Ҷųֹȵ
ǵͼбǣԷ˰ɣֹæóһŵͼȻŵؿҶ졣
ҶӹͼһŵͼҲУɭֵĵͼֻĵͼ˺ܶͷ
żͷߣ̶ִֹܵŵ˵
ܺã˵㻰˵ɱ㣬Ͳɱ㡣Ҷͼ˵
ֹԣʱϲ
Ȼڴʱһĺ˸ҵĵâڳֹĲҺ֮У˫նϡ
˵˲ɱ㣬û˵ϵ㡣Ҷս漴һƺڳֹıϣС磬ȥһΪ
ֹûȴѾվԹҶ죬ıҸҵģ
֪ûжԱܿͻᱻɭеɱ


341 ̶
ڳֹ䣬Ҷûᣬֱ̤ȥ
ݴ½ô飬ҶɲԵʲôʴ֮ģ֪ǷŵֹĻô֮󣬳ֹ϶ɱ
䱻׷ɱɱˡ
ҶɲʲôѶϵˡ


ŵͼļͷҶһ·ٷУ֮󣬱һƬïܵĴɭ֡
Ƭɭ֮УһɰɫܹŹ֣־Ҳ޷͸ǳ䣬һɼϢ
ùҶ첻üͷɭ˵󲻴˵СҲСðȻȥ»·
ǰ־ڣҶ첻·־ˣ⿿ۣԶľ롣
һ뵽ɭ裬Ҷҧҧ̤˽ȥ
··Ѳһ˼ǿ߻ܱɭСҶһŵͼļͷǰ롣
תգҶ췢Լ·ˣŵͼļͷߣȴʼ߻ԭ·

һò棬ҶҧгݣЩˡվôߣȻɰɫ֣ǰ·
СӹⲻֹϵˣߣҶ뵽ֹ䣬вɵøӷˣ
֨֨
ڴʱѰ˴С򣬴ҶСз˳
ò˵Ѱ츳ǷҶΪҲ޷סСһСһ⴩СС
֨֨ѰɵҶļϣ̧һֻСצӣָǰĳ
Ҷ۾һһ̲סšСһʵ֪·
֨֨ѰҶϻȥǧƵģһֻţͷҡҡͷŪҶ󲻽⡣
ˣС·ȹȥҶ漴ѰѰȻʲôǾ͹ȥѰûд

һһ󣬳ǰȥ
ﲻǼͷָķ򡭡ҶѰ棬еĵͼɵüͷ
֣ѰԽԽԶȫǼͷָķ෴
ˣ෴ѵҶ£ͻȻ۾һһԴ˵ҲµͼʧԹѼͷŪʵżͷ෴ķ߲ǶԵġ
Ҷ쵱ۿͼԼĲ²ǳȷѰߵķͷ෴
һţҶ첻ŵˣȻİ취ѰһʱҲӦ
ȻѰע⣬ôǰı㲻裬ҲͬСɡҶ첻Щڴ
֪Ŀڼͷ෴ķ֮Ҷ첻ٸѰ󣬶ֱšѰ󣬼ٳǰȥ
һ·ϣߵľɫٵˣһÿòԶȥ
Ҷ۵糸ܿ͸ϵĿĵأ֮أһŴ棬ԶԶŲԶһ̶
̶ԼԲʮңΧ˲ټΧŨİɫ˵ʵŵͼҶĺҵõ
֨֨ѰվҶļϣָǰ̶˷ܵشš
꣡
ҶæסСһͣӽСС
Ҷ͸ԣСĵسǰ̶ȥĿг֮ɫ֮Уܿͳ˼ʮӰһ͸Ϣ
ʦ֣ҸղźٽС
ϻôһɭ֣
Ŷ

ȺУ˼
Ҷ찵ԸеңҺЩûз
Щ˶ŵģҶϸЩˣĿⲻɵһ뵽
Щ˵·뱻֮ǰɱĳֹߵһȻǳͬһɡš
ЩôȻǺǳֹһ·ģڰǷѰɳֹ׷Ҷ΢һ˼µǰ
ȿ˵裬ʱҲ١
Ҷɨ˲Զļʮһۡ
ȻЩ˵мΪϢ޷͸Ϊ϶Щ֮ǿҲʮûа벽ܶв
ң벽ˣҶҲҪ衣
ˣź˷ѵҶĿΪ裬õҲǡ
ֻҪõ裬ҽʱˡҶгڴ˫ǰ̶
̶ˮɭ͸űϢԶԶȥ·ðźΧĿƺˣвƯˮƯСΡ
ʮŵʱС̶ԱߣΪ׵һߵȵСĵ㣬һ㱦֮أǿػ
ϣ̶ˮô䣬ȥҲֲ˶ãѵ治ɣŵߺʵ
ߣش治УСֻкôûлߵ
ϣôɿҲǰ취ҪȥԿһŵ߳˵
һӣĿ㡣ɢŻϢȻһҲ߼ˡ
ϿǴˣ¶ЦݣСʵϷܷģȥΣոϽ
Ͼ͵ȵӵĺϢɣԵ˵ͷֱӳ̶֮ȥ

һˮ죬ӵӰʧˣ̶֮Уһ˿˿Χɢ
ĳһطð˼ˮݣȴûע⵽һĻ
ʦֳûǵˡ
ǡʦѾ߼ţ˼λ⣬ʵǿ

̶ߣʮŵһ߹ۿ̶һߵۣǳɡ
λϣʱҲһ˿أڴؿ̶
ǣԶҶ죬Ҳڽע̶
ղǹϢҾԲӦͬŵļʮߣҶʱϣһ˿֮ɫ
λȥʱҶԸ̶ܵһǿϢѣֻһš
Ҷ񣬿Ҳδܹ֡

ʱ䡭ͬˮһ㣬Ȼš
ʱȥˡһʱȥˡӵӰʼûг֡
̶ߵļʮߣλڣʱɫ֮ɫ
ʦֲ°ɣһŵӳɵ
˳Ĭôöûг֣ɵҲ֪ˡ
ʦ߼ʵȻ㶯ûУ浽ʲôʲôݽ˲²
˶ϣǶ֪ô죬߼ʦֶһԵسˣЩȥҲ
ܵһڵӵĿ⣬ŵĴйâһȵڴ˵ţϷȥƣǰʱϷûϻȥ֪ͨ档
ǣһŵ֪أӦĿжŵǡ
ŵĴϿǰ̶Ҳ˽ţ뵽ΧӣȥĻȫޡ
΢΢һҧŵĴߵϷͲһͷ벽ޣ
˵գλŵĴ̶̾


342 
̶ԶһòϣҶԶԶ̶ķĿɨЩڰ߽ȺļʮߣȻǽƽĺ档
ŵĴӦʮΪܳɹһͷȰ벽ˡҶ찵뵽Ҳڽصȴš
ɭ̶ˮ֮󣬽ָƽ
·һ̯ˮûκϢʲôûз
վڰ߽עļʮߣΪʱһţ
ܡѾλʮ벽ǿߣҲôϢʧһŵ߳˵гš
ԶһòҶ죬Ҳףء
̶浽ʲôôһûСҶޱ𾪣а벽ޣڳʱҲкܴĶŶԡ
ʮŴϣԴӽ̶֮ȴǰûз̶ˮûһ㶯·ֱƾʧһ
һĻŴ˰ߵļʮߣҲסҶ졣
ߣϽȥ棡һŵߣڱ֮
ʱʱѾȥˣ̶ˮȻûа㶯
ʮŵߣǿߣʱȴеĵֱð
ǵĴϿһλʮǿߣ󽭹һһǿߣȻôʧˡ
ƽ̶ʱЩߵУֱһͷ̫ޡ

ʮߣص⣬˶ϻȥˡ
ҶԶԶ̶Ŀ˸ϣڳţǲҪô˻̶
ңҲϢһλʮǿߣ벽Ҳܣǿߡ
Ҷ侲뵽Ȼջʧȥж
ԽʱҶԽ侲
ŵҲһλ벽õʱȻԵõ衣
Ȼˣôͽ̶֣֮̽̽ܡ
ҶĿһоѾ˾
δ֪Σʱûѡðգѡ˸ӺʵֶΡ
ʦ̶֣浽ײʲôȻ϶Ƕ֡
֪أǻԶ㣬һʲôҲܵ
ʦǣ
Զ̶߿صߵ̸䣬ȥ֮С
Ҷڵˣڵȴĵ
ںҹִصʱһ־޴£ڲ֮ϣõĹâ
Уǵ㣬һ貵ǹ⡣
Ҷ췢ǰƽĺ棬Ȼһâϵǵ̶֮Уͷų޾ǹ⡣
һĻǳҶһȡ

ʱ̶ĺһ춯Ҷʱһͷ޴Ĺޣ̶׳ǿ˷ܵš
ʲôޣҶɴ۾ϸǰޣһο
޸߸Ծڰ¶˾޴һͷ˫ŵĴ㣬ȴһֻŶǵԴ
Դֻ֣һֻ۾ֻۻռ˴ԴǳĹ졣
Ҷ쿴ֻ޴Ķһۣʱ𶯣걻Ŀ¸о
ʱԶҶæȥ
룬϶̶߷ֻޣ̲ס
׳գҶ찵һ䣬ȴ˾裬ԼȫϢ
𣡡
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ܣ
ߣ
ŵ߼״Ҳ룬
ǻ֪ģʮĴ϶Ϣرֻɱʵѵµ
Ȼǳ嵽еʱ̶Ͽյֻޣ͵һͺ𡣶ʱĶ֮УһɫĹһֲֿٶȣֱ˰еߡ
ʲôҶɴ۾һĻҲֻ֪޵ʲôֶΡ
УɫеߣʱϾһ˪ȻҲˣ˶ˡ
ৣ
һ㣬ŵߣôӰе
Ҷ쿴÷ǳŵߣıһ˶ᣬԿϾֵı顣
໡̶Ͽգֻ޿Լɱ˴Լصߺ˷ܵش˼̶֮ڡ
ԶҶһò棬֮ɫ
ֲǰ̶׵ǿ߶ϢԭǱɱģѹһûз
Ҷǰǿߵˡ
зǳ𾪣Ҫ֪λʮĴϣȻס޵Ķһе
һֻ벽ޣҶ찵ļ£⻹ǿһֻޣӵѪħǶ֡
ֻܵȵŵ浽ˣϣƴܾˣٺ٣ҶЦ
Ҷɴ۾ǰ̶һҹ
ڶ峿̫âɵʱһ𣬴Զɭдôضڲѡ
ǿǰ벽Ҷʱѣ֮ɫ֪϶ŵˡ
벽ǿߵٶȾǿ죬ô͸ˡ
ʵϣҶ첻֪ǣɱֹʱŵѾӦˣ˳
λŵû׷ֹ򣬷Ǽʮ׼ȥߣų˵ظ˹
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ΪҵĲЩڵ־İɫλ֮ɢˡ
Ҷ찵𾪣ǰ벽ǿߣѪʮ۷ǿ߶ǿ˲ֹʮڿԿġ
Ӧһλͨİ벽Ȳɱְ벽۷ǿߡҶ찵뵽ܳʱɱƣɱǿˡ
䣡
Ҷ찵˼ʱһ޴ĹңԶɭ֮⼤̶ϿգֳһߴӰ
¡¡ܵգΪͻȻٵӰҵĲһɹǿĳΧɢȥɭ֡
̶ΧһÿòΪǿһÿðεض𣬳ϲ񷣬бը
ֲƣҶ찵࣬æСĵԼϢ±λŵ淢֡
һСС̶ȻٵŵĴϣǾ㲻ˡУͬһը졣
ҶʱλŵȡһŽɫĴ󹭣һɫͻȻ֣׼̶
һ̣ҶоһΣյϢĺëˣæСĵ㳯źȥ
䣡
һɲǣ֧ɫһɿֲһӲ֮ϹᴩĹݺݵس̶֮С
ʱ̶ˮ𼸰ɸߣ̶ը˿


343 ָ
¡¡
̶ը޴ĳΧĴضڲѣһÿòεض𣬷߿ա
ŵǳԵһһֱӾͻٵ̶
Ҷ쿴ð࣬סһҲֻ֪ôˣըѿ̶
Ȼʱһ޴ɫӱը̶֮меȥ
䣡
ɫĹˮͰôִɢŴ۵Ĺâɭֶˣâɡ
ŵҲ̶Ȼ΢΢һĨЦ󹭱һӭȥ
䣡
һɫųҵĹâǵɫĹݺݵײһ𣬱˸貵Ĺâء
ǰ벽Ĺֲ޷ӽ
ҶԶԶģۿһ۷֮ս˷֮ɫҪּ֪ǿսɲʲôʱлῴõ
˻ᣬҶȻϸս
Ȼһ벽ޣѹܹɱŵĴϣȻҪŵһնڲ
¡һٲ񷣬ٶɫ󹭣һ֧ɫƾճ֣ɢųҵĹâϵ̫Ҫâɡ
Ƭɭ֣ɽɫĹâûˣֲأղѣ˾㤵ѹ
ŵ̶гֵһͷȻ͵էųһƳҵâеĽɫƺҪãڡ
䣡
һ죬ѣ֧ɫһɿµ˺գһǣųҵĳβͣݺݵس̶
̶֮УŷŭڿնһӾͿ˳Ľɫ֮е⣬ʱһ
䣡
֮ͬǰһֻаĶۼһ޴ɫӭе֧ɫ
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䣡
ڲԶɫһƵģŵ濪
ֵһǣŵպóԶ̹ǿߣһһƾеĶˣڸշڣÿζƽ֡
䣡䣡䡭
Ҷ濴һ۲գⳡս̫˾ˡ
ŵ棬ֻ㣬Զ̹ǿߣóսԶ˺ܴ롣
ŵڲϷżðкͣ˭Ҳκβ˭
ôȥֻܱ˭ǿһЩǶʱ޷ֳʤġҶҡҡͷһʼΪôʣڿȥʼնͬһֶΣûʲôͷ
вϵıըƷ̻һ㣬ޱȲãʶĿ
ֻֻнû֣ս϶Уѡս˵лȡʤҶΪ̫ˣ˵ʲôҲҪȥ
ңǹҲǾԽԽ
ǣҶȴǺݣΪһɵڣѾܾûսˣˣѾʧȥ˵ƴġ
ңΪһ֣սʱ򣬶ѡԶ䣬ʶΪ
սϾʱȥң̶вʲô
Ҷ۲һеսŵͶ㶼ƴ˴ˣûв鿴ΧʱѰᣬСس̶̽ȥ
ʱѾһ˸ϡãǵĲ;ʯб飬ǰҶܺõΡ
ৣ
ҶԼϢٶȺܿ죬֮䣬ҵһСˮ̶˽ȥ
˻䣡
һ̶ˮУҶʱоȫ·𱻶Ƶģŵæתս壬ŵɺ
Ҷһ·Ǳȵط̶Ǻ̶ˮҲǺ峺ײ
ҿоתս壬Ԫ»ûе̶ִףĵԪˡҶ찵뵽
ʱЩ֪ŵĴôˣȻʵǿ󣬵λŵĴǱ̶ʱҲ˺ܶԪԱ͵Ϯ֮ʱûʲô֮

Ҷֱֽһֱߣ̶׼ȥ
żǱҶо̶ˮĺԽԽأľתս壬ʼоˡ
ףǰ⣡ҶȻ۾һǰһ⣬жʱϲæӿٶȣǰȥ

ҶԽһ̶׵ľʯʱܵһɳҵĹâ̵˫Ŀۡ
һҶŷӦ۾־̽Ӷȥ
һ޴ˮ״ݶһǱݶҪö࣬ɢĹâĴۡ
ʲôҶǳ棬ܹоеĺǴⶫɢġ
ǣⶫûмһˮԲεģǷεģ״ǣôģݶһˮҶ컹ǵһο
ңҶ첻Ϊˮֻ˵ˮӨ͸ǳɢž⡣
û裬ǲİҶ컷ܣûϢжʱʧ
ȻǰⶫҲһⶫʲôô֪Ҳ֪ûʲô
Ҷִһ£ʱ͸оһɼ˹һϤϢ
ţϢǡҶ͵ͫһضǰľ޴ˮ
ʱ޴ˮҲ䣬ɢĹâԽԽˡ
һ̫һ㣬ҵĹâ̶ס
£Ҷ۾ֻ־̽ӡ
䣡
̶һ̶ˮʱҡʼ
Ҷɴ۾ʱ޴ˮ棬¶һϤӰ
Ӱΰһ˫ӣ·͸ֻأ̫źģҶ졣
ҶӾɴ۾˱ŵúˣӿ̶渡ȥ
޴ˮ¶ӰҶϤˣڱѩֵϹ񡪡ǡ
ֻһӰƺˣҶ
ӰģһɼϢ̶ܵˮʼˡ
áҶɫ䣬תͷͳ̶ȥоԼƺҪˡ
ǣҶٿ죬Ҳ첻ӰܿͳҶ
ܵǹɼĺ⣬Ҷ̲סͷʱ۾ɵϴ
һ̣ɫĮҲǿ޴ˮףǿ޴ˮôЩ˵ָףѵ
ʱΪǿ޴ˮһξ룬Ҷ췴ȴؿ޴ˮ
￴ȥ޴ˮ˵ָף״ȫһ
͵أҶһµ޴ˮʲôˡ
ָףһǿߵָףѹһ˿


344 
ǿߵǳӲֻһָףܲ೤棬ȥǧ꣬ûб仯
Ȼɱʱһָ䵽Ӷγ̶
Ҷзǳ𾪣û뵽ԼôԵ֣ǵõԷĲȱս꣬ѰԷָףԵֲǳ
ҶûʱЩоǹɺԽԽԼĺѾһ˪
Ϣ͸ǲ˪ҶڣѪҺʼˡ
Ҷͫ׽ڵ걬ɹâҪɢɺ⣬ȴ޿κΡ
ɺ⣬ҶѪҺڵһЩٶˣֹȥ
Ҷзǳ֪ҪԼҲˣôȴĽ
ȻҶʱֻܵȴĽ٣޷ʲôǵӰѾ塣
ҶʱоԼ彩Ӳˣ޷ٶһ£һָˡ
Χ̶ˮҲѾˣһ𶳽
ӰһֻƣҶĺ󱳡㱼䣬ҶһһɼϢ뵽꣬Ҫꡣ
ڴʱҶһɫĺս꣬ͻȻ貵Ľ⣬һ̫һ㣬âɣҶڵǹɺڻˡ
ӰһĮĿؿҶһۣôҶд˹ȥ̶ȥ
˿˿˿˿
Ӱ֮еһУն
Ҷ콩Ӳ壬һ㺮սĹâ֮£Ҳ𽥻ָж
ҶڴϢţ¡
ĺܾգõһ˿ȱս꣬ô˷ɡ

Ҷָж֮Ӱ׷ȥŵɫĹâⲻǾתսĹâ溮սĹâ
ֹâҫ£Ӱ̶ˮһһڻˡ
Ҷܿͳ̶գʱ˶ˡ
ֻʱһƬ⣬Ҷվĵطȫ
Уֻ޴Ķ㣬λŵ棬ˡ
磬һжˡ
УҶ쿴˾˾ֺ;Ȼʱǳ־塣
ϧҶûпǾʵһĻ
Ӱһ˲䣬һɼϢƬء
棬ûκη֮㱻ɺ
ֲ̫ˣҶ쿴бֻ㣬г𺳡
ǿλ벽ǿߣȻô׾ˡ
Ҫֻ֪һָףһ龭ǧָףֻһ˿Ȼôǿܡ
ҪˣǸöôǿ󣡡Ҷտտг

ÿһ߶߾硣
һӦö˰ɣҶŶʬ壬Ŀгȡ
ֻǰ벽벽ޣѪ֮п϶̺ǿ˵ҵΪ
ŵ棬һСӦвٱ͵еŽɫ󹭣һս۷
Ҷ˷ܣȻûеõ裬Ҳõ˴
ʱҶͺһ޴ı֮Уվĵط⣬һƬ⡣
ҶǰܵıҲڻ
ҶǸ߶ϣֻʬԱߣһֻƣŶԴȥ
սĹâܵıڻˣʹҶ˶Դ
ȻѪҺˣҲˣһĲˡҶЩϲЩ𾪡
ĺĸӿ£ƺԶһУԪ궼ܸᡣ
ֿµôֱɱˡҶĽ֮ɫ
ͬʱҶиӿǸһ㺮սˣ²⣬ܹһս꣬ôܵõֱһеˡ
һûгԹ벽أпڸˡҶܿ콫ʬŪ˳ŽԼһСС
֨֨СУѰŶʬ壬ˮ
Сһٴһ١Ҷ״ʱݸһЦóѰҲһԻ
˶ʬҶֽʬȥκӽһѹһ飬Ͳ·ˡ
ƷʯһٿƷʯһЩĵرϧȼ̫ˣҵЧǺܴ󣬻һЩƷǲ
ҶϸؼţΪһ벽Ķкܶࡣ
ҶĿǰʵ󲿷ֶûãһٿƷʯһЩΪҲ̫
ֻѽɫ󹭲ˡҶҡҡͷ׼ѶʱȻһӵ鼮
飡
Ȼһؽ似
Ҷ췭һʱϲ֡
Ȼ似Ӧþǿ似ˣʺϹ
ҿ似ΣҶ漴Ȥؿȥ似Ȼﵽ˵ؽףôԲ
Ȼһ֮£Ҷгϲ
֣Ҳ似Ϊ似Ҫʲô⡣ֻҪһ־ʲô־似֮󣬶תΪ⡣
Ҳ˵Ҷȫɱ¾⡢̫⡢ȭ⣬ܹͬӳǿ
үϣһܹ似ҵԶ̹ΪҵһҪĵơ
Ҷ찵˷ܵ뵽
ʵ似棬ҶѪնĹʽķټ̤ƽźһٶȣȱûʲôˡ
ڣټžԶ̹Ҷȫһȫ͵ߡ
ҶҲ֪̰ãĻǷڵ棬ڹһֻΪޣؼʱǿսˡ
գҶ似ȵпʱ
ˣǿ޴ָײ֪ôˣϵĶһͷǱɲܶˡ
ҶͻȻ뵽̶׵ǿ޴ָףʱһ̶̶׳ȥ
ܿ죬ҶͿһ޴ĺɫָס
ԣ
Ǻɫָס
֣ôɺɫˡҶɴ۾ɣ֮ǰˮģǳƯ
ڣָȫ˺ɫһīڵķ
ѵΪʧȥĲҶüͷ뵽
ʱѾµǰԭˡ
öָеǴڳ˯֮еģҪɢˡ
Ҷöָ׵ʱĺս꣬öָӶ˿ѡ
ǣҶһĻˣĵ˿˯ȥֱɢ
Ҷ첻Щп˵׻ɵġ
ָ˵ԺãţҶ찵˼һ£漴һ֣ö޴ĺɫָսСС


345 
ˣŵʵһǧɣ˵ᱻ
뿪ȻҲǣ鷳Ҳᵢҵʱ䡣
ɫָ֮Ҷ찵Ƭ̣㳯űȥ
֮һЩŵĵҵűһɭ֣һĿɿڴ𺳡
桪
Щŵӿʬ󣬶ʱ
Ȼǿ󣬵ǵ̣λ벽档
Щ꣬ûٵˣЩ˶ɵŲһ
һЩյĵˣºܿͻ
죬콫ʬ˻ȥ飬˭Ҳ׼˵ڳˣµĵӣұչӽտʼ뿪š
ΣһŵĳϴȵĿг˵Ǻͽ
ŵĶϣʹһž˵ˡ

ʱһţҶӭʮա
Ϊʵǿ󣬾ѾʮˣҶ쿴Ȼһ꣬ǳۣΨɢϢ˸еļ¡
˼ڣ
ããɭ֣һߣҶϥԱߣ۾է
͡濾ŶһֻȣζѾܣŭϮ
Ѿȥ˰˸ˣҶʱڣųʳѪ⣬һٿƷʯԼΪﵽ˼ڡ
ĽȣҶеǳ⡣
ͻƵżôϰ벽Ҳа֮һսˡҶտտţɷ
Ȼûеõ裬ջҲС˵ǳ޴
ҶԼѾԱȼһĴˣڴľ칬ս
֨֨ѰվҶļϣֻ۾ֱֱֻȣˮֱ
ҶݸһЦ˺һ⣬ȻСһܵһ߽дˡ
ϧ벽ѪҵѾ˼ޣҶҵ˳԰ɣҶҲҧһڣȻѪ֮еȻӴ󣬵ǶȴǳСˣеʧ
ǳӴҶԲ꣬дССϧⶫѾûãЩ˵ż
ˣ칬ʱһڣʱ䲻Ǻܶˣҵþϵǡ
Ҷߵǵģ˫ڵӣųҵâ
칬Ƽʻᣬʮ˹ǿƼ콾Ĵߵʮǿߣ־칬֮С
һʢҲǱʮ˹ʢ˵ʱ򣬱ʮ˹ʮλͨ쾵ֱӹۿ칬ս
ⳡսĿģΪѡʮ˹һǿ
ǰȻĴ߰Ⱥۣ콾𱱺ʮ˹ϵȴʼûгֹ
Ϊܹһ֮ѹǿߣھ칬ںƶ֣ܵС
ĴһλߣȻʵһǿģҲһ֮Կе꿡ܡ
⼸ǲɵ顣
Ҫһ˶Կʮ򡢰ǿߣǸ񻰣ڱʮ˹ʷϣûгֹ
ȻûгֹǱʮ˹ǿǣȻĿ귢Ŭûз
Ҷ첻ǫˣж֮ҲǷǳģǿ޵У˭޷ӡ
칬
Ҷһͺȣӳʧڱ

̫ͮͮңԶĺƽ滺һƬ貣ϼǧϡ̫ǳҵĹâأʮ˹ԡů֮С
Ǻߣһ޴ĳǳأһ̫žޣſŲӿĺ档
Ǳǡ
󽭹ıǷǳΪǰ칬ǿߣ˵ǰ칬ĸۿڡ
ˣҪ뿪ʮ˹ǰݴ½Ҳôⱱǳ
ԣ˿ڶ࣬ʢСǿʤ·Ҳͻһλǿߡ
ھ칬ʱڣΪһҼҾ¥ջͶעˡ
ڱǸߴΪʱס
ְУҶ̤ն£ڱǵĳŴһɫǳۣ΢Ĵ趯ԵƲ
ʱǰųĶ飬гǧϰٵڵȴŽǡ
Ҷ컹ǵһοôֵĳǳأŶôŶӵȺ룬ôڿ¸ɽ˺ˡ
Ҷ첻ЩڴҪⱱǳ˴ǰ칬˿Ҫסһʱ䡣
òֵҶˣʱȴѾ磬Ҷ׼Ҹ¥Ⱥȱƣ˳̽һʮ˹ҪϢ
üһ
һ뱱ǣҶʱˣȺ𾪡
ⱱڵʵ̫ˣϵĵ·ǳӵ粢żˣһЩ߸ڴţǰÿʵ̫ˡ
⣬һӶӴźڼ׵ʿȺ֮Ѳţǵɫǳء
û취ǵʵ̫ˣЩ߸У˵лǳ˵ģǷսֱ
ԣʱڣ󽭹ǲʿפⱱǡ
ৣ
Ҷпɽ˺ʱд޴æ̧ͷȥΧߣҲա
ʱӳһӰֱڿգԽϵȺųķȥһѲ
˭ڱڷУѵͲѲʿ𣿡һ߾ɵ
ҶҲܾȣй涨ǿߣҲУгС
ߡ֪˭Ǵ󽭹ڵڶķѩ컪ͻ˳ȻԷСһǴ󽭹Ժ˵
ΧԣʱһȻ
ϾǴ󽭹ĵ̣컪ȻǴ󽭹ڶǿߣôñǳҲʲô˾ȵ顣
£ȥ
ҶҲջĿ⣬ǰȥ
ȤҶоһ΢΢һЦû߶ԶһҾ¥ȥ
¥ڵһѾΪ
һСҶ߽Ҷ뿪ģϾ¥ѾûλˡһҶɫǳۣбȻҲ˾η
λӣǾ¥ѾԱˣҪͲ͵ĻҪƴһλӣ֪ӾΣС˵
Ȼ¥Աеֻһ˶ͬ⣬ô¥Ҳᰲһͬ¡
ǵ⣬ҲǳĺˬϾһǿ߾Ӷֵ࣬ýύǿߣԷǳӭԼһ
ⲻҶոСĽܣһԵϱ㴫һ
λСֵܣɣԾơ
ǳ֮¥ƺһ¡


346 컪
ǵһҾ¥УҶһ󺺣Լһٸͬһӡ
޸ң弶ΪһҲǲǿˡٸѩҲΪ
ǵΪҶѾֲˣԴӽ뱱Ǻһ·ǿ߷ǳ࣬洦ɼ
Ҷ΢΢Щȵǣ޸ҺͺѩȻһԷޡ
ô˵أ
ҶȻòȡˣ˵ʵ޸һƤڣǰķްеһȡ
ң޸ҵҲǺܺã㲻ƤڣҲһ˹֡
Ҷ󣬺ѩŮôͿ󺺡
һ̸֮Ҷ췢޸ҳ˳ó֮⣬ĵȴõģҲʵƷоһȡ
һȤķޣҶĿӹˬЦ޸ңһЦĺѩĬĬһף
Ҷ쿴óϲ˴˵ģ֮Թ߶оĵ
޴磬ҸܹȢôƯϱҶٱЦ
ѩƤͨ죬ͷ˵ˡ
޸ҳһ֮Щп˵Ҷֵ˵ĲܹȢѩǰⱲҸ˵գ¶ҸЦݡ
һԵĺѩԣ޸ңг˰⣬һ˿ǡ
ԣǵ֮ɫ
ҶʵֻҪһۣܽԷ״̬
ѩеĵ֮ɫȻֻһţ޸ҶûвҶԹȴǿˡ
֣Ҷɻܺ棬ѩΪʲô¶ɫһԼİ֮ˡ
ǱϾǲŸʶãҶҲûж룬ܿͽɻԺ
ⱱǵ˻Ƕడ޴磬Щ˶׼ȥ칬𣿡Ҷ쿴ž¥ȺЩʵ
ǵˣ϶Ҫ칬ģϾѵáЩϱǿߣȴûʸȥֵġ޸̾ǰڶν칬ˣϴνȥʱֻܽȥմ֣Щ콾֮ս
칬ǿߵսʮ˹һҲΨ콾ĴǾŸˣܱƵǿߡһԵĺѩҲΪп˵
Ҷԣ˵ͷ칬ѾǵһοˡܹµģҲΨ콾Ĵ߾Ÿˣ˶ġ
ѩ㲻˵ˣǰð콾е챻ɱˣǸɱǿ߽Ҷ죬˵ǺҶֵͬͬء޸ҺȻЦ
ţϢҲ˵ˣҶ˲ãǴ׹һǿߣұ׹Ϊ׵Ǵ󽭹嶼ɵѡѩͷƺ뵽ʲô˵
Ҷֵܣղź˵ҲǴ׹ģĪǸ׵Ҷ죿Ȼ޸۾һŶҶ졣
ѩһҲɵÿҶ졣
콾ȻĴߣҲ쳹ʮ˹ǣҶ컹̤ʬ壬콾λõġ
˵ʲô
˵ҶʵҪǿ콾ܿѾӽĴˡ
ҶʱΪ·֪Ѿʮ˹
Ҷڳȥһ¶ݣôǶ䶯ԻĿ
ǺǡҶ˱飬ɵ΢΢һЦҪ˵֮䣬ȴǸӦһǿ
ߣǵ콾·ߵİèĵͬͬյ˶ȥÿһҶ˶Ǵ׵ôǴ󽭹мʮ׵ˡ
ư˲м޸ҷ޵ı
Ҷ̧ͷȥʱһϤӰӾ¥˲䣬ӭһǿƣ¥¥˵ѹȥ
ʱ¥ѻȸ˶𾪵ؿͻȻꡣ
ҶĿһ΢΢һͻȻ֮꣬ǰϷеĺ컪󽭹ڶǿߡ
ף컪ѩĪǡҶȻ뵽ʲô¶һ˿֮ɫ
棬޸Һͺѩ컪ʱ嶼һǵг˽ңĵ֮ɫ
Ҷ״ƺ˸ղţΪʲôѩһŵĵˡ棬ʱ޸ҺͺѩѾվǵĺ컪
Ǻ컪
Ȼ콾Ҳһǿߣܾܿһ콾֮һ
ǶԷ˭Ȼʶ컪

¥ڵߵţһȤؿߡ
ڴ֣ÿһ˵ԣǵҲͬ⡣
󡭡磡ʱѩЩŵغ֮ɫ
һԵ޸ңʱҲղŵĺˬӣŵغ磡
һ硱£ܵ˶Ŀɿڴһɴ۾š
ҶѾһЩ²⣬Ҳеǳȣû뵽޸ôòôȻѺ컪ݵ֡
˲ò࣬ˮɶҶи̾ѡ
޸ȻòôüɣȴͶء
˭磬ҹһȥ
Ȼ޸ҽеĺܿҲ𾴣ӭȴǺ컪һŭ⡣
޸ҷǳη컪״æ㵽һߣҲ˵ˡ
컪ƺǳ޸ңٶ࿴һֱۣӶǰĺѩǳﻹ𣿾Ȼб͵ӻ飬㵨ӲСǺһûгô޷
ѩԣҧ촽û˵
磬ѩϲСӣ޸ѩֵġһԵ޸Ȼº컪ѩʱӾʹæںѩǰ˵
˵ҹ
컪һ޸Ҿ˲һ˦˹ȥǿԪնһ
䣡
޸ҽʵʵܵһƣÿѪ˲ͱɳȥײһž
Ҷüȴûг֣ô˵Ͼ˼ҵļ£޸ҷ޲ŸʶãȻʺϲִ¡
ңѩ޸ҴѪʱ۾ˣ޺޵ص˺컪һۣ޸ҡ
һҽɱ
Ӻ컪д׼޸ҵĺѩһ𣬽Ųͣ
컪㲻Ҫ̫ˣѩתͷŭصź컪÷
֪˵㻰ҪôһؼңҪôҾ͵棬ɱСӡ컪ɫĮ˵
ѩһս˫ȭ˫죬ҧĸ֨졣˿һߵ޸ңٿ˿컪һʱ䲻֪ξ
ߣ
컪״һһǿԪȶ
׼ǰˣҵĺã컪Χֵ˶˸
ѩ컪׼֣æס֣Ҹȥ˵꣬棬һƵԨг˾
ܺã
컪ԣǸĮݣ¶һ˿΢Ц


347 ¶
ܣѩؿһ޸ңг˲;תһ컪
컪׷ѩ֪µΪֹˣԼԸ粻츳ǿԸҲǳǿƣں˵һǵĸ׶ܷ
ѩΪæھ칬ʱǣû뵽ȴ׷ȫ¶˾Ҫȥ
ѩ׾ˣؿһ޸ңƺҪϤӼĵס
޴磬ҵֻ㣬ʹһҲı䡣
޴磬ҵʱ̧ͷ죬ǿǱҡ
޴硭
һһ˼
ѩ˸ĵӣΧһȺΧ߶᲻ѡ
Ҷ찵̾һԿԧ졣
ΧˣҲ¶ͬĿ⣬Ƕԧİжˡ
ϻ˵߰ɣСʲôõģҪûӣҪʵûʵ治֪㿴ĵ㡣
ͶĿ⣬컪ҲЩˣһ£źѩ㳯¥ȥ
ѩ㲻ܸߣ޸ҽشǰرס컪Ĵȡ
ҷſ컪üͷһ壬漴ŭݺݵһȥ޸ҵļߵĿ֨һ죬Ȼǹˡ
޴磡ѩ棬ѵ컪У޸ҵϡ
컪ɫʱǳ
磬㣬ͷŹǰɣѩ̧ͷź컪֮ɫ
޸Ҳϣؿ컪˵磬ֻҪȫǣðʲôС
𣿡컪˵
ѩ޸˶ʱһϲ
ģ֤ԺԸʲô飬޸æ˵
ھһ
컪۾ﺮ˸һץ޸ңȵȥɡ
䣡
ԪһǿϢӺ컪ϯڵĵطһƬҵĹâ貶Ŀ
ѩ˻Ŀѣʧ롣
ΧȺɵ̾˿ҡͷһ̾
֪ˡ
꣡
ҵĹâ֮УȻһ죬¥һܵǽϣʱĹâ˸¥
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âɢȥ¶𾪵һĻ
ʱ컪һ֮ɫȻ޸ңȭȴͣڰУ޸ҵؿа룬ȴôҲǰá
Ϊһֻɫƣ컪ץסʹ޷ǰһ롣
һĻ˶ˣһƵģͣг˲˼顣
Ǵ󽭹ϵĶǿߣȻץסֱ޷ҪôǿʵУ
˲ɵÿ컪Ķ棬һɫǳ۵꣬ͺС۵ļͿԿóһ˫ɫӣȴڳһ𣬶оǿѹȸС
Ҷ죬ڹؼʱ̣ʩչһ죬ں컪ǰץסҪ޸ҵһȭ
޸ҡѩԿԧԧҶкøУǶԷļ£ùܣ컪Ҫɱ޸ңȴܲܡ
Ŷ𾪵ĺ컪Ҷоһ˵ҵѣ
ƽһ仰ȴѾҶ
ΧˣʱһǳпǶû뵽Ҷôǿ˶ˡ
ǺСǺȻһǿߡ
ֻܴܲЩİ֪Ǻη
ɫǳۣҼǵã޵ǰɫǳۣ洫ӵۡ
šЩӡ󣬵޵ǰñʮ˹ǿ߶

ΧȺһ۴˿
컪һЩģҶչֳʵԸں컪ôȻĿ
ţ˭컪סе𾪣Ҷ죬ȻҶĴȴǵһμҶ졣
ڣ컪Ҳǰ֪꣬Ǹ׵Ҷ졣
Ҷ죬㲻֪𣡡Ҷ쵭˵
컪ǿѾ˼Ǵ˿̣Ҷľתս֮£ȴ޷Ʊһֻǯסһ
컪зǳ𾪣콾ҲôǿɣоԼ۵ԪҶѹסˡ
Ҷ졭Ǵ׵컪һ۾ȴȻŶҶ죬һ˿һķɡ
Ļ£ʱһƬȻ
׵
Ҷ죡
˻
Χԣһһ𺳡
񣬴׵ҶǾǳԽ콾ֱĴߵĴڡ
֮ǰ콾ǴӾ칬вɱλģȻʵǿ󣬵ҲΪ콾ѡ
Ҷ첻ͬҶ̤һλ콾ʬ壬ɹλġ
콾˽ܣ˸ܵǿʵ
ʱΧһĿȵؿҶ죬ޱȡ
΢΢ɨΧһۣҶ˵ͷڵѾ޾屩¶ݡ
ǿʵҶģǰ벽ϵǿߣһѾ޾κˣ¶ԷĴ֮һ
ں컪˼ʵ˵ʵûбҶҶҪĻһ˶Է

ԼĲ²õҶĳϣ컪һ˶оˡ
û뵽ԼôȻҶ죬λ½콾֮һǿߣȻѾ𱱺ʮ˹ȴ֪١
컪֪˷ܣǸñʵ̫ùˡ
Ҷӣǵļ£ҲҪ𣿡΢΢ҧҧ컪Ҷ죬˵
˵ӰҶܹɱ죬컪ǲеġ˿ҲԸʹ˷˳ȥᱻЦġ
ļҹܲţҵѡҶ쵭˵
ҶӣǴ󽭹ҪΪ𣿡컪ԣɫǳѿ֪Ҷǹܶ˴£־ŭ
Ҷʵ̫ǿ̫󣬿º컪һȭ˹ȥˡ
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ϾǴ󽭹ĵ̣컪ţҶԲɱ򱱺ǵĳҲǳصġ
Ϊʮ˹ĳǳأǵĳҲͨˣһλǿİ벽
㵱ôҵڴˣ᲻
ⶼǰ벽ǳأø߲Խ
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컪һͣҶ죬һɻԪڱȻڴʱһǿƣҶһ
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348 ʥ

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֮⣬һЩϱǿߣû֮ơڰ벽֮У֮ƵĶ١
ǰ֣Ǵ󽭹࣡Ҷؿŵϥǰĺ컪һ
컪ԣͫһɫǳѿ
Ǵ󽭹һǿߣҲ콾֮һ
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˵գ컪ͷҲصת뿪ˡ
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ź컪ȥӰ޸Һͺѩ˶˿漴мؿҶ졣
ҶӣĶлˣ治֪ô졣޸ʵˣʱͲڵ϶ҶĤˡҶ֣ʧȥѩ
Ҷӣ̫лˡѩҲм֮ɫ
ҶЦŰڰ֣ǧô˵ѣǾͲҪôǼȾơ
˵գҶ쵱
ѩ޸ҶһۣҲһһ
֮ǰһǴ˿̣ѩ޸˶ЩҲû֮ǰĳˡ
׵ţǳһɽѹ˵ͷ
Сð
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֮ǰ׵ûб¶ݣǺýύڣȥ̸¾Ͳôˡ

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Щ޸ҺͺѩˣҶҡҡͷҲû˼ȾƵȤ
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޸ҺͺѩǱȻ֪Ҷڸǽݣʱм
Ҷӣ֪һطһȤѩȻ˵иǳڴ֮ɫ
Ҷ첻÷һЦʵŶʲôط
ѩ˵ʥɣ޸һ
ѩ˵ͷڴ˵Ҷӣ챮һλϹʥǰıûʲôĹܣȴܹһ˵ս
ŶȻıҹȥҶʱġ
Ҷӣ롭ʥǰ治Զ޸æǰ·
һУܿ߹ֵïܵȺһƬ޴Ĺ㳡ϡ
ɽ˺Ľֵϣ㳡ϵ˸Ӷö࣬һȥڵһƬͷʮˣҲҿ㳡޴󣬷װôˡ
ʵ̫ˣһɽ緢һڲѡ
Ҷо·صμӴ񿼺ʱʢһʵ̫ˣ㳡
Ҷӣ㿴Ǿʥѩָ̧֣Ź㳡ġ
Ҷȥڹ㳡ģһɶߵľ޴ʯڹ㳡ϣһȻͦľˡ
ʱΧȺʱش
ʥÿʮ궼ˢһϧҶˣûһ֡
͡ƾ㻹֣㵱ʥʲô˶ֵһܹʥֵĲˣһǶǿߣڸԹȵǰǿߡ
Ȼ֣ȴҲ֤һԼʵҵսղŴﵽǣ
ҵսǰ룡
ҵҲȥԿʵ̫ˡ

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ҶӣֻҪƷʥ֮ϣʥȻӦܹ׼ȷؼĿǰսǶ١޸˵
޴磬ʥļĺ׼ȷ𣿡Ҷ첻ʵ
޸û˵һԵĺѩȿڵҶӣʥǷ׼ȷʱ֪ˡ
˵գѩ͵ʥսΪĴеһ˵ɡǵΪ߾żǵսȴﵽʮ۷壬ⶼʥĽԼҲʵ
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޴˵Ȼֻ弶ΪսȴӽԵĽǰ롣
ѩ˵
ѩԵĽǣ޸һԽӿڵ
ԭˡǾһ˵Ҷʱˡ
ʱѾȺ޴ʥǰ
̧ͷȥʱͿһ֣һʥ⡣
һߡȼսʮһǡ
ʥһּҶ۾
ߣһ˵֣ʮ˹˲֪
ΪߣĴ֮һǿߡ
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߾һ㲻ƽˣӼ¿ʼһ·ͬ޵СûаܸκһͬճΪʮ˹һĵһߡ
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һּҶǳȣû뵽޷羹ȻĴڶǿߡ
ҲԤ֮С
޷־ܹ˴˽ϣ޵УһҶܼɵĶ֡
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սǰ룬˵Ѿ˼սӽżˡҶ찵뵽
ȥҶ쿴ٻǵڶʮһ
˼ˣͼ֮⣬Ĵ󲿷ˣҶ춼ʶ
ʯֺսҶҲµظܵ˱ʮ˹һǿߵʵ
ʱҶܺ棬Լսﵽǡ


349 
޴ʥǰ֣ޱһߣΧʥ۷׷ףʱ˰쵽ʥϣʱйâ˸ʥֳһɫּ
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˵Դһξ칬սǱҲûмˡ
˭޷ˣΪߡ
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΢΢һȣ껺ܿͷԼԱߣһӰɵ΢΢һ㶣漴ںЦſ˹
СӣеʵȻܹסҵƳʲô֣ĸģ껾ӸµظҶ죬ư֮ɫʵ
ȻûаҶϳϾҶֻһ֮ԵʱûϸעҶ졣
ȻΪҶ޷һս콾ע⡣ǣʱҶ޷սķǳңֻܿӰԿòǺ
ȻҶЩϤһʱû뵽ǰ꣬ǺϣǳɵĴ׵Ҷ졣
СӺȻס콾֮һ껵Ƴʵ
ʲôûȫ֣Ĵߺ콾⣬˭ܵס
СãȻԺô㿴ڽ̸أĽСӰ
ҪҺ˵һ»Ҿͳˣٺ٣

Χ۷׷ףϳ콾֮һʱ֮ǰĲʧˡ
ʱ˶ڴؿ˹Ƕ֪ڵսﵽʲôز
Ҷ죿
޸ҷ⣬û˰Ͼûϳ
ֵ֮һᣡ
껵ѯʣҶЦ˵
ڵʵûа껷ѾӦ껵Ϊﵽżˡ
Σ
ż죬ͬɱˣʮҲɱ
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ͫ΢΢һʱû뵽ҶôʶȤѯҶ֣ǿҶ졣±Ͷ񣬺޲ðʮ˴
СӾȻôʶȤߣ
һȻܲˬҶĻشģҲûмƽϡϾ콾֮һȻеġ
Сӣˣܹ֤ʥսҡ껸߰˵һ䣬ȻҶ죬Թ˵ߵʥǰһֻơ
ΧˣҲ껾ƣڴ
ʱûٰĿͶҶ죬˶껵ĲԳڴ
ߣ΢΢һҶ쿴׼Ե껣΢΢иһ˿Ц
λ콾֮һʵޱǿ󣬹ھʮ˹һȷԸͽʵ
ǣ껱ִ˶ΪվԱߵĲǱˣնɱ콾֮һҶ졣
Сӣɴ۾ˣһ޷һ̡
ͻȻһƱһ̫ɢųҵĹâ
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䣡
ҫ۵Ľɫâͬһ̫һ㣬ɢ貶ĿĹâգɫ̫Ϊ֮ʧɫ
վʥǰҲʥɫĹâһɫսΰƳ
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Сӣ𣿡껴ʱתͷҶ죬ưϣһ˿֮ɫĵͷ࣬ڼʶ껵ǿ˰ɡ
Ȼ껾㵵ĿУҶ첻мһ˵ؿһֱۣ߹ԣһӡʥ֮ϡ
Сӣ㡭껶ʱŭСӾȻмһˣоԼܵơ
Ȼ׼ѵһҶʱһޱȳҵĽɫâʥҶϱ˵۾̵


350 ֱ
䣡
ҶһݣʥȻһӴоѪȣһصʯд˹ͬ깲
ɲǼ䣬Ҷоɨȫ£̽˸⣬ûзŹκһ缡
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Ϊ֮ƣֻϣҶԳսȲĶѼˡ
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껶ڴ׹ǳмΪһ֮Уûгʲôֵһǿߡ
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ͬһҶʥԵϢһʮʮ٣첻ʱ䣬㴫ǣ˵֪һϢȫˡ
ʲôҶȥʥˣսﵽʮǰ룬λʥڶ뱱ǳ̸µĺ컪𾪵һ
ں컪ıǳã֪һϢҲˣг˾ȡ
ҿʱûиͻ컪֮࣬Ҳ£ǳ֮ǰûҶΪ޸ҵսǼֱѰ衣
һ컪Խͷˣֻ֪Ҫ޸ҵҶڣôͱԼá
ɺްǸɶĺСӣѩҶ죬ǾʮλҲ⣬ôƫƫǸСء컪޺޵뵽
Ƿ
ǵһͨջ
Ҷոƿţ׼ϴһ£Ȳش˸硣
˭ڵңߺߣҶӣ漴Ҵϴϣ˱裬ԺȻԵá
ú޸ҷЯֶ
Ҷӣ翪ʼһм㣬ķԸˡѩһݵؿҶ˵
ҲǳԴ壬ܶţо콾֮һ壬ĸ컪Ҳһǿš
ҶţѩǵһοǿҶʥĲԽзǳ𾪡
Ҷӣ׼ʲôʱȥ칬һȥȻûʲôʵǰǰ󣬸ֻǿԵġѩȻʵ
ߵ޸ңҲڴ֮ɫ
ܺãˡҶ˵ͷ漴²豭ĿɨһԵ޸ңҡҡͷ޴磬㣬칬һˮǸûҪȥȹӣ뿪ǣҸطңȥɡ
޸һЩʧȻ㲻ʲôţҲвʵȻϣܹȥ칬һ仹ǺҶһȥ
Ǻѩȴϲ֮ҪҶȥ칬Ϊ˶׷ѰҶǷ뿪ǣǿɱȥ칬ȫˡ
Ҳɵʱ칬ǿƼ϶ңҶʵǳǿ󣬿ҲԹ˵ǡ
˵ҶҲǵıķܲһֱǰɡ
ҲõĽˣѩмؿҶ죬ǾͶлҶˣ˶˵£ⱲӿûᱨˣԺʲôԸǷ޾Բƴǡ
޸ҲһԵͷȻȥ칬ЩźиǺѩ
ˣܹƼˮ꣬ҲԵ֡Ҷ΢΢һЦ

֮ҹҶҹɫ޸ҡѩͳ˱ǡ
ڱǸһɭУҶ޸ҷ޸
λأҶ챧ȭЩ̾һ𣬿½һлˡ
˵ףֻҶеһͶѡ
޸ҺͺѩҲЩᣬ׷ҶӣҲء
Ǻ˵Ҷ죬ԧҪɢˡ
Ŀ޸ҷʧҹɫ֮УҶȻתԶһò˵ҹ棬֪ʲôҪЧͣ
䣬ǰǿòһ߳һӰɢѹƣΧĿЩˡ
ô֪ҵݣȤؿҶ졣
ڱǣҸҶĳģҲֻгһ˰ɣҶտտš
Ȼûмǳȴ֪ǰһλ벽ڱУֻгǰ벽ǿߡ
ԸȷԸʵñ˫֣֮̾ɫ
ֱɣҶ쵭˵
ģǴ󽭹Ǵ׹УҲɱŵı顣Ц
ô˵ΪǣҶָ޸ҷȥķ۾һУǺ컪İɣ
жҲò˵ʵ治ôǵȷһˡ̾
ôҲΪѣȥɣҶ쵭˵в֪ʱһɫԲɢļµϢ
ףÿɫԲ򣬶ʱ𣬾
ñһЦһ̾ʧҹɫ֮С
޴磬ףҸ
ȥҶȻ˿˺ס
ǲѣɲ˷һɱ벽ǿߵĽ


351 
ͳ޸ҷ֮ҶûٻرǣǶһͷǱһҴϣ˷ˣʧãã֮С
ʱ䣬ÿ춼мҴǰǵĿĵضǾ칬
ʱţ칬ĿԽԽˡ
һ׼Ҳ׼ˣǱ˴˽飬һС壬ǶУž칬

ãã󺣣ޱ޼ʣȥˮ񷣬ǳ׳ۣĳ
ҶһοĴ󺣡
ǰĴ󺣣ĺΪͬʱܹˮǱ˻һϵ߶ϵǿߣ޷ȫС
ѹֱ¼˵󺣲Σյĵط
ڼװϣҶ̾
ͬ½أû棬ȫ޵¡ԣеޣԶ½ء
Ϊˣܺܶ౱ʮ˹߷ǳݴ½ȴ˸ҳȥѰҡ
ԹΨһЩǿţһЩϱ׷Ÿ̤Σյĺһ·Ʈݴ½
ǣЩ˵Уܹж٣
Ϊֹûһʮ˹ˣݴ½
ǳӴãã޼ʣνıʮ˹ʵҲֻӴ󱱺еһС½ضѡ
Ǿ칬ֻڱΧ
ԣڱкܶǿޣʼĶԽ޵ĵȼԽǿ
ʮ˹ȱʡۼĸ߶ߣڱ˳ȥ
ҶĿǰΪֹҲֻ֪ʦѪħʥɹ̤ݴ½ҳΪһʥ
Ѫħʥ뿪ʮ˹ʱҲ˺ܶΣգһû취̤ݴ½ˡ
ҵʵ̫˰Ψ̤磬ϣ뿪ƬΣյĺ򡣡
Ҷվ⣬Զ
ɫ̫ɢųҵĹâ򣬿һƬӲӵġ

һͷȻȻӴɱſֲʱ˴ϵߡ
СġǶ㣡Ҷ챳
һͷСɽ޴ޣһҪӴĶ࣬ʵϣеޣȫ½Ҫöࡣ
ͷ߼ΪʵǳǿԲŸҽӽҳߵĴ󴬡
𣡡Ӻڿնһ۾ͿڼװϵҶ죬˫޴ʱѪɫĹâ
ߣ
ҶĿɨĶ㣬һȡһŽɫ󹭣Ѹңǰһ֧貵ļʸ
ৣ
ɫļʸŻԪһǣѸٵػĶ㡣
ҶѾܾˣȻ˵Ͼǿ־ȴѾܹżӳµ
䣡
Уͷ;޴Ķ㣬ҶһѪ˲񷣬Ⱦ˺ˮ˻𡢼С
ߴؿһĻȫһ𺳡
ǿһͷ߼ްߵૣĲţһͷ߼ޣɵؽˡ
ҶǿʵһӾˣʹ˹עĽ㡣
˭ôе죿
Ҳое졭
мߵڱǹ㳡ԶԶҶһۣԾҶЩ죬ΪҶղʩչǹһû뵽λԶĴ׵
һϳҶ죬վڼװϣһɱҶ죬ľȺ𺳡
ô
зǳ𾪣΢΢Ƭ̣漴Ⱥ˳
Ҷӣû뵽㻹һλ֣ղŵһǳƯ
ϤҶĶУҶ΢΢ͷˣʱȻ
ʶڱйһ֮Եĺ컪ǰò޸ҷޣû뵽Ȼ˺컪
ò˵ԵֻҶзǳȡ
˻ȻǴ׵Ҷ죬ѹôǿ
׵ĹôڵΪ¸ӵǿˡ
ҰǾȻܹ׵ͬһ¿԰ȫصִ칬ˡ
ΧȺһ컪ĻϸһҶģʱҶ˳׷׼𾪲ѡ
Ҫ֪ǰ칬·ҲǺƽЩ꿡ܾͲۼһˡ
콾ĴĶǿߣŸҶһǰ칬˶ۼһ𣬽ȥ칬
Ϊеʵ̫ˣһСľͻᱻɱ
ңڱһȺаɢޣǾɱһЩǿߣᱦ
Ͼܹ칬ǿߣŲݣܶࡣ

ҶӣǻԵû뵽ȻҵĴϣ֪ĻҾֱˡ
װϣҶ컪һ졣
ȻԺ컪ĵһӡ̫ãڱ˵ĴϣҶִܲЦ˰ɡ
˵ʵҶڷǳƣû뵽ԼҵһҴȻǺ컪ģԵֻǲǳ
ߣͲ𣿡Ҷתͷ컪Щɻʵ֪Ϊʲô컪ӡ󣬱û֮ǰôˡ
ΪʲôҪΪҪɢҪɢǣǻлӵǣҺڴ󽭹Ҫץסǻ׾١컪ЦſҶ졣

Ҷԣʱˡ
ҶһˡãҶƵӣЦ
ʱ컪Ҫɱ޸һҶ춼ûпϷ
컪ҡҡͷ˵һҪлҶӳְæأľҪɢˡ
⣿ҶʱɻڸʲôһӲɢһҪɢӶתˡ
ΪýǸݷǷѹҲòֲɢǡͬʱҲǺҵӣԼҪȫǶС
컪һ̾˵߿ʼҾ֪ǵ٣һ·ŵǣϣܹжʱһ𡣲ˣҲϣܹⷢǶһ١
ҶʱȻ֪ôпᣬʱҪһЩѵ顣
ǱǳأҶʵ
ȷ붯ģ˿ģ˵ҵȷˣǾͲٹǺˡҲͳ˵ˣ飬ʵǿ󣬴һλ벽ӵҲ컪˵
Ҷؿа̾˲ò࣬˱ϽԴ󡢲һʢˣļƾȻ
ò˵ҶĿˡ
Ժ˲ܿ棬µʱ컪ϳҵʱѾ򶨺⣬ҳȫáҶ찵뵽
ҶӣҴæԺʲôҪ뾡ܷԸ컪ȭ˵
ֲˣҳȫǿɲΪı𡣡ҶЦŰ֡
컪һЦ̾˵ҶǺСӣãύҶ
Ǻǣͷİɣ޴һų֮ģһ𣬴ض֡ҶЦ
Ҳģ컪ͬЦ


352 
ϵӣǳģÿ֮⣬ǿ󺣣̾һ´Ȼĺ嫡
ܺекܶ࣬ʱܵ޵Ϯ˺һ·ϵҲƽƽ
ڴڼ䣬ҶҲֹΣͷϮ󴬵ǿɱһЩߵ
֮󣬴ϵ߶ҶмǷǳҶڵĻôЩ˵У϶ҪһЩˡ
ת¹ȥˣѾԶ뱱ʮ˹һ޼ʵıϣܳ˺Ҳû
Խӽ칬ޱԽԽǿҶֵĴҲԽԽࡣ


һͷ޴ޣһֻɫᴩӰ
󣬼һֽ֣ͬͷץ˼װ棬ȻҶ̧
װϣҶɻؿЩˣֵһͷޣԼŰɡ
ⲻҶ󷽣ʱ䣬Ϊ飬ϳ֣ѾԻޣҲһͷˡ
һ㶡
漴һ˹˵ҶӣǷǳĺ㣬һ־ȣϲԡ޷ǳϡ٣û뵽ȻҶԻһͷҶпڸˡ
ŶôҶ¶֮ɫҲԹޣûиоʲôƽû뵽ͷϲԣ²һĺóԡ
ףȻǺ㣬Ҷ֣ã¿Ҫһ㣬ҿǺüûгԹζˡʱ򣬺컪˹촽ϲؿżװϵͷޡ
ҶʱӺˣҪ֪ΪѾҪٳʲôˣһЩƷƷζѡ
һ˿ڴҶЦȻôóԣǽϣͰһ硣
컪һæ˵Ҷ֣޷ǳϡ٣ɶãȷһ㡣û뵽Ҷô󷽣Ȼ׼ߡ
оƽֺαաҶԴЦ
Ҷ꣡
лҶӣ
Ҳпڸˡ
ΧĴԱԣʱ˷ܴѡ
컪״̾һͷ޻ȡôߵĺøУֵá
Ҷ쵹ûô࣬ûгԹ㣬֪޵һͷ޶ѣûʲô˵ġ
ʱ֣ϼ񷣬ӳĺһͮͮ
ͻȻһصζ󴬣ðҶڵдԱɵʳָ󶯡
ζǷʲôϣ
ú󣬼߽տõļ́ʱһŨζ˾һ
Ҷ̲ס棬ʵ
Ҷ֣ʹˣտҪʲôϡΪ㱾һϣЩ壬õϱٲ˺㡣컪һЦŽ͵
˵ԴζҶ쾪ȵ
Ҫôкأ㱾ϵģǳֱӳ⣬»Ľܶˡ컪һˮ˵۾ź㡣
ôһ˵ĸеЩˡҶ˵գָ罣ֱӴ滮һ޴⣬ȻֳһЩСС
ٺ٣ںڿǳˣֵǣǿɣҪҶӿ컪ԺٺһЦæǰ⡣
Ҳ׷ӿ˹̯⡣
ʱŨζӿ󴬶һζ
㡭ڼȻ̶ģֱ̳ȥҶһں㣬ʱ۾һ̾
ʱҶһСУѰҲһ麣ڴڿʳţһӡ
֪ôóԣҾͲͷˡҶʱĺˣû뵽ôóԣѹϲԡ
ڱЩ죬һҪץͷ㣬Ȼȥʦ͵ҲԳԿҶ찵뵽Ѿζˡ
ι㣡ҶȻΪ컪ѾºüˣҲ
ãƾŴ׵Щ߶Ҷ˲⣬رһ١
СеѰ󣬶۾һܵӡ
䣡
ҹͻȻһ죬𶯲񷣬һٵĴԱǣ˲վ
Ҷüͷ̧ȥڲԶĺƽ棬һϤϢ
ǿϢʵӽżˡһԵĺ컪ԾоǰǹǿϢҪʤһ
ȥڴ˵ţҪӽҶ˵һ䣬Ȼ̤ն𣬳ǰ
ҪȥʲôˣֱӦһˣֻһʱ벻ʲôˡ
êͣ컪״
ϵ˶ȤؿţǶûеҶ죬ʵϣǿĴˣҲδҶĶ֡
Щ죬ۿҶʵ
һŴ󹭣Ҷɱޣж˼ޡûһͷޣԵסҶһ֮
ԣЩ˶Ҷġ
Ҳһ칬սҶӻΪĴ֮һ
뵽
¡¡
Զĺƽ棬һսڽУҹ
ս˫һ޴ĺɫߣһĿǿߣߵʵӽżѡ
̫ѲˡһսһüؿڣһڵӡɢŹϢԪԽԽ
µ˿ڣ򲻹Ҳߣôһ·׷ɱ
ղŵ˺ζ⸽϶ʲôˣҲܾһ΢΢תͷʱͿ˲ԶһҴ󴬣оϲ֣æǱ߸ȥ
Ѿͨ飬֪Ŀģ˵ӣĿУѪĹâһβͺݺꡣ
䣡
ֵվΪ̫һβͺѪ˲뺣С
£Ӹƴ걻û׹һһҧ׼ƴˡ
ڴʱһ֧ɫЯſµһŵٶȣӶľͷ롣
ʱ̧ͷ˻޴Դ˲䱬ըǾ޴ʬ壬ҲˮС
ϿԳ߸ˡһЦҶ̤ն£һѾץʬ塣
һͷﵽ˼۷ޣǳôⶪ
Ҷ죡꿴Ҷ죬ʱϲ֣ͬʱҲ˿
ʱоһƣϮûиҶ˵ʲôͻ˹ȥӰе
֣
Ҷ״һæʩչһ죬ԣץס
֣ôˣҶ꣬˼䣬κѾʧȥʶ
ڴʱҶоؿһаϢ̲ס˻Ԫ
ţʲô似ȻԪӾҶ쿴ؿڵĺɫӡʱɫһ䡣
ãеʱ䲻ܾȵˡϸ鿴һƣҶ漴˿
þȣΪ죬׹ӡ
׹ҶжгϢĶΣڵϦҶ˵ʲôҲܲܲˡ
ҶڵʵǳǿأȴѲס
ñﶳ˿ڣȻص˵Ҷһתȭ⣬ؿһĨʱϢֶؿڵһƬ򶳽
Ҷ鿴һ£㷢ڵǹаϢҲֹͣɣĺˡ


353 
Ҷ֣
Ҷӣ
ȵҶصϵʱ򣬺컪һæӭɻؿҶ챧ŵ졣
ף죿컪ͻȻ۾һ֮ɫ
ϾǴ׹ǰһѾڱʮ˹һЩСԺ컪ܿ˳
׼һңҪˡҶʱûʱǽͣΪƷǳء
컪״ɫʱæҶ찲һҡ
ڡ
Ҷ콫ڴϣȻ̽־ɨȫ£ɫޱȵء
ؿڣǵɫӡʱɢŵĺâԵޱȵĹ졣
ԭҶؿڣʱȴɫʴһ˿˿Ѻۣ·𼴽ҪƵġ
ôҶ쿴һĻɫʱһ䣬г˲š
Ҫ֪ıʮǿ߶ܱ⣬ôһССӡ᲻ˣ
Ҷüͷ壬֪ûʱЩˣȻ֪ʲô¡
Ȼ޷ôҾͽƳ
һҶ컺̧ƣһɼϢʱӣ϶һ˪
УҶɢɫĹâӡؿڡ
ͣ
ԭĺɫаʱͬ˵ĿˮҷһӾͳ˱⣬Ҷȥ
ߣҶһƹâʢȭ˲䱬Ϯĺɫа
һаĺɫڡ
ʣµҲҳɣҶЦӴ󺮱ȭ⣬ɼ֮Щʣĺɫаһ˳
Ҷ콫ȫᣬС
֮Ҷ쿴ؿڣǵɫӡɢ
Ҷ״΢˿еޱҡ
ҿ죬͵аɱҲֻ޲ߡҶ찵뵽
֮ˣȻ϶ɣԲûмɱǽڱ
ңаһʴ壬µʱɱҪ̡
ʲôǿһޡҶüһȻ˯е죬ֻ֪ܻܵش
֨
ƿţҶú컪Ů죬ȻһԳ˼
ܹڱ죬Ҷ첢⣬Ͼ칬ڼǿ߿϶ġ
֪ǻ᲻
Ҷ첻뵽ƾľѩɽ»һѡ
칬һʢᣬ׹˵ǿȻ׹һʵȴԵЩ¡
ȻҶʵǿ󣬵Ͼֻһˣ˵ʵ̫ˡ
󽭹ιӵ콾֮һǿ֮⣬вٻ컪ˡ
׹ҪǿҪܳһ·Ҫߡ
Ҷһ̾
׹ĹѾΣڵϦԺΪ˴׹ĽɽʼҪ뿪ʮ˹ģʱ׹ȥδӣ
䣡
ԶһųҵĻ⣬񷣬ȾһƬգҹͬ硣
Ҷ𾪵ؿһĻ𺳡
ңԶǰһ޴ĺлɽͬڲ֮µ
ɽһɽʱڱ֮ʣ緢ҵҽΧһƬ
ԶԶȥһƬ𺣣η
µǣɽ棬ʱشһգܵĺˮڲһľˡ

⸻неĺһӣʱôҶĿڣоһϢѹȸС
ǿϢҶ̲סĵ׾˴׹֮⣬ûиܵôǿϢ
Ȼһλǿߡ
ⱱ֮УֻһλǿߣǾʮ˹ɵѵͷ
ȻϵҲˣһηؿ޴Ļɽ
ǻĳѨ˯ֻҪǲҲ˺ǡСĵ㣬ǸϿ뿪컪˹֮ɫ
ԱתƿǰƬ
Ҷ쿴СеĻɽ˫ȭյýģ˸ĪĹâ
ܹõľѪôҵľתսܽĲˡҶһǿаסеĳ嶯
ǰ׳գڵʵĻǼǷɶ˻𣬴Ϊ
һ뵽תսĲ㣬ôʵͿǿߣҶо̲ס
ҳ˰벽ӦþʵնˡҶ찵뵽ţдһ˿ڴ
Ѫħڰ벽磬նɱǿߣҶ츳ڰ벽նɱ͸Ӳڻˡ

ڻɽ棬ҵҽ֮Уһͷξ޴һ˫޴۾ңңȥҶǽԶȥĴ󴬡
칬Ҫ𣿡¡ڻɽ֮գڵҽΧĺˮˡ
ϧǧȻûһȡþ칬ϿɣѪħлᣬϧʺϾ칬
ĵһ̾
û֪һݣǾǾ칬ػߡ㵱ôģնɱ칬ǿ߰
ʵϣӻ汲ʼһ壬һֱǿػ
ǻ崫Ϲʱԡ
Ϲʱ칬ˣһλֲǿߣųƱ֮ݴ½ʳ۹ɵѡ
嵱ʱǾ칬ĸӹϹʱ֮һ㱻ȷػ칬ֱѰҵ칬ĴΪֹ
Ӵ֮ǧǧÿһһλĻԣڱػž칬
תۼ䣬¹ȥҲ֪칬еܣеһУѾûµĳ֮С
ֻ֪һ㣬ǾҪػ칬һǧֱ꣬һλǿ߽Ӧ뿪ǰݴ½
ʮ˹
̧ͷ򱱺ʮ˹ķг˲м֮ɫ
Ҳ֪ľ칬Ϊʲô涨ֻʮ˹˽칬õСطܹʲôǿߣٹһǧ꣬칬Ҳˡҡҡͷ
Ǵݴ½ʮ˹ģǳݴ½ĺ嫣ʮ˹ţŵݴ½ϣҲǲ׺һڣֵһᡣ
ܲΪʲô칬Ҫڱʮ˹ѰҴˣҪݴ½ôҵˡ
һҪʵʵشϼ갡ǲˬ
̾һ˾޴Դٶ˯֮С
ػĵȴΨ˯ʱ䣬治֪ôȥ


354 
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һɫֵСȻһ鶼ûУ֡
һʱ洫ЦȻ˷ǳ˷ܡ
һٰʮˣһٰʮˣϷҵ˾к֮Ůˣ
ڲǳ谵͸ɭϢһߣվһǰЦѣ˷ܣЦ
ǰıϣһλɫȹŮӣģ崿ʥ࣬һ˫ˮӣ˲ر
ҶڴˣͻϵôŮľѩõıѩŮ꿡ܵŮ񣬾ȻΪ֮
ʱľѩǳ֡£һ˫ǰĻߣ˷ŭҧгݡ
Ц÷ǳģûľѩŭЦ˰ʱйеϲãŻͣ
ٺ٣СѾͷôϷ˭ӵк֮壬ΪϷ֮·ֻˡЦ֮󣬻Ҳľѩŭ΢΢ͷɭĿľѩɨһ飬ٺЦ
ľѩŭȴ˵ȻֶֹסӶ޷ֻʾԼ˿ĵķŭ
߲ںľѩĿ⣬ڿһƷһͷţϸشһľѩ
֮壬û뵽Ϸһӵк֮ŮˡСѾͷΪ˽磬ϷΪͽҲ˵ϧˡ
ߵǳɭֲֿ谵Ĵ֮УԵøĮ
ľѩзǳ£뾪֣еķŭĵĿ־壬ΪѾ֪³жôˡ
ܹϷ磬ҲСѾͷĸ֡ģԵĻϷһԪסЦ
ľѩŭӣ֪Ϊʲôץסˡ
Ҫ¯߽ʱ±Ҫܡ
̰شľѩȻСȡһɫСƿӣűȥ
װһԴҩӽ쿪ʼϷÿιһݣȵʮ֮ڵĴ֮Ԫͻﵽ¡ߺٺЦ
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£Ⱥȥ֮ᵽζõ飬ѵΪһŮ𣿡
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ľѩɫʱ԰ףؿһĻ޷ֹһƬ
Ҷ졭ľѩԺͻȻֳһϤӰȻ۾۽ǵˮ䡣


ϣҶȻѣͷ󺹡
ܣװϷǳһЩ߶ڴϷǵ㣬һžҹ
ҾȻ˯ˣ
ҶĨһѶͷĺˮг˾ȣԴӳΪ֮Ѿܾû˯ˣ󲿷ʱ䶼֮жɹ
ߣֻҪܺãҪͨ˯ָ
Ҷû뵽ԼȻ˯ˣһһجΡ
УҶ쿴׹˰޵ĹȻʮ˹ҲˣһƬҵĻ棬ʮ˹˶û˻֮С
һµΣ
ҶһµĿҲڻָʱһϤĽŲ
Ҷ֣ˣҪ㡣컪Ӵ˳Ҷ֡
ҶԣʱһѾҹˣˣæ򴬲ա
һ䰲Ů̺ҩҶʱҪ´
ʲôֱ˵ڻúڴϴšҶæס漴һԵ
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Ҷ죬ȥľѩȻˣûҶ˵꣬æ˵֮ɫ
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е֪ľѩΣʱҶ㲻صг
һƽһ飬һصˣղΪ̫ˣЩ
ʱƽһ飬Լ֪һһ
ԭڱʱľѩϾһߣ˱ǰ칬
Ȼ뿪ǲãһǿĻߡ˷ǳǿǿĿֲһֱȫߡ
Ҳܵߵһƣ⻹ǶԷϳݣҲҶ
ʱϳңЩɵ˵գǻߵĻ︴һ顣
ףСǴ׹ĶӣϷ֪ˣһ츳ǷȻȲ콾Ҳһ˲õţˡߵʱݣֹͣ˼칥
߱ЦǴ׹Σȵʮ֮ϷҲܳΪⱱʮ˹˭κεң
ӵϣϷͷһɣ˵꣬Яľѩʧʡ
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֣ļʶѵȷ˵ʵҶʵ
Ӧһλ벽ȻûͷųʲôǿƣǹǿȻʩչ˳ǰ벽ӵеʵص˵
Ҷ֣ɱһǿߣҾӦ뱱ǳ֣ϾЩԱҲ󽭹ߣܲܡ˵
ҶԿЦһ£ҡҡͷԶˮȲ˽𣬵ȵǳľѩͳˡ
ղŵǻӦʮ֮˵ҪõľѩԲץľѩġҲ˵ʱڣ˺ľѩ
Ҷ쿴죬ʵ֣ǳ£Ѿ˶ˣ
⡭Ͻ죬Ӧʮ죬Ҳ˵ǻʮʱ䡣һ£˵
ʱǳҪ֪ߵݣܲóϳҶüͷк֣ϣȳľѩǵ֪ľѩץȥˡ
û˵Լݣε֪Ҳüͷ塣
Ҷ֣֣֪˵ݡ
ʱһԳĬĺ컪Ȼ˵
Ҷʱ۾һ볯˹


355 ֮
ҶڴĿ⣬컪һЩص˵ڱȷ˼λ벽ֳµĵصΨһλ벽ϳҲпֵܳˡ
˭Ҷʵ
ˣ
컪Ҷ죬˵Ҷ֣˲һİ벽ǳѾõϱǿߣѾλа벽۷壬Ҳֻ벽֮ңȻ֪ľѩкιϵһҪȰɣ㱱ǳҲӺн˾ߡ
ʲôȻǺˣһԵɫһ䡣
벽۷壡Ҷ̲סһɫͬ䣬ǿɱ۷ǿߣ˵֮ǿһˡ
Ҹ˵ˡɫޱأ˺ųƺˣΪ־Ǻ⣬ҸԼŵǰͬһǿߡ˵һţҸǰҪҸõǰҲõΪ޵ĻǶȲˡ
Ҷɫˣһİ벽׽ɱ⣬ְ벽۷ǿߣȴûжٰˡ
ΪּǿߣѾһֻ̤磬˭֪ӵʲôһûãͲˡ
ݺݵ˿Ҷ쿴컪ѯʵ˵ϳԶ𣿡
һԵԣüͷҪ˵ʲô̾˿
Ҷ֣ȷ⸽ﲻԶһ֮ھԿԸϵõڵʵҪӺоȳˣǲܵġ컪ҡͷ
֪ͼҡҶ˵
Ҷ֣
Ҷ֣
컪ɫһ䣬֪ⲻһȷľҶ첻ܴһλ벽۷ǿоȳˡ
һȥҶ
Ҷ֣㻹ǿһ°ɣ㲻Σգûһϣȥˣ֮벽Ϊľѩﱨѩޡ룬ľѩҲġ컪Ȱ˵
ǰҶ֣˵ǰ칬Ҫģʵھ칬֮еõĻ϶ܴ󣬳Ϊ⡣ҲȰ
ǲҪ˵ˣѾ飬Ͳٸı䡣ǷģҲɵµģûһյĻȥҶ˰֣տտ˵
⡭ðɣ컪ΣֻýͼҶ죬ָڵλá

Ҷ쿴ŵͼϵһԲ㣬оһȭͷյýġ
ʱھͳȥ칬ɡУ֣־鷳ˡҶ˱˱ȭ˵
أ챧ȭ֪ҶԸ񣬼ȻˣôôȰ˵Ҳûˡ
Сĵ㣬Ҫ¡컪Ҳȭ˵Ҷ죬ϣһžʹ䡣
أ
Ҷ칰˹֣һâʧҹ֮С
ڵҹ·һǣƲ񷣬ű֮еĳһȥ
컪ĴȻž칬ȥҶȴǰһһҪˣȴȥȡ

žҹˮΣƷ˲񷡣
Ҷ콫̤ƽʩչ˼£յͼʶĵص㣬ٶȥ
ҵٶȣʮڸϵȫ⣬ʱȴǺ㣬ֻǡҶг˼ڻɱûжٰգϾһλ벽۷ǿߣǱǳǿ̫ˡ
ǿߣܷܲЧû˵ҶԷҲɵӣվﲻӳס
пܣҶ컹ûϳףͱԷɱˡ
£иϸļƻһɱҶһٶٴ࣬ʧڵҹС

Ϊ˵ϳ֮£Χûһͷ޸ҽӽ
Ѿʮˣ죬Ϸʹˡ
ϷҪˣ
ɭĹ֮У˵ʮθľѩιǺɫԴҩľѩɢϢﵽ弶ʱ¶Цݡ
ʱľѩѾʧȥʶС糺죬ȣһ˫ˮӣΣջϢ
ңֵǣֻľѩʱȻﵽ弶Ϊڿ
Ǻ֮壬Ϸûаȫ֮壬ΪȻͱ֮壬Ҫ˶ãⱱʮ˹¶ûһ츳ȵĴҲȲϡ
˿ʧȥʶľѩ֮̾ɫ
ֻ֪һ츳ĸߵͣһӵĸߵͣǺȴһЩż֪츳ģһꡣ
ϹʱЩӵʵˣ츳ǿһȺˣͬ׼޵еģӵɫҲȲϡ
֮֮һӵʣһǳѸ١ȷҶӵк֮Ļôܽȭɾ磬ˡ
ңݺ֪֮廹ǿʣ˵Уǿ֮壬˲壬֮壬ղ塭
ݹżأӵЩʵˣɾҲܳΪдΪʥһܹΪ
ӵʣűΪǿţݴ½ҲһĴڡ
תսΪʲôôǿ
Ϊתսܹûʵ˵ʣתս߲ʱɾתս壬ȻǺʣҲǳǿӵбȼղǿʡ
ҲΪʲôɾתսܳΪǽһߵ츳Ӳذθ˺ܶ࣬ٲΪǾǰ׳ˡ
ݣ
뺮Զһ֮ϣ¶һϤӰҶ챾ˡ
Ӹ߿ϣңңɫֵĺҶüͷ壺ǿϢ˵ʵ»ɱ֮ϣԱȼˡ
Ҷжʱܵ˵ǿϢ֪˵Ŀֲ
ܳʱɱϢҲǳֲλȴ˰
ѹִ˵ܹѹ׹ϣûھ칬еõԵѾˡҶ찵̾
ʱ򣬻Ե츳Ҫ׹Ȼ츳ȲϺˣõ˽ĻԵӶѹˣΪ׹
ϵ츳͸Ӳˣõʽڳ޵Цʮ˹
Ҷ֪һʵ붼ԴڻԵ
꣬ѪħʽǰñѪħʥΪͽܡЩҶĻԵûЩԵĳɾͺޡ
벽۷塭֪ʵ벽۷ǿж󣿡
һҶ컺ӣԼȫϢźӽȥ
Ǻܿ죬ҶͣüŲԶĺɫѿ
ʱںΧһ㵭ıסҶȥ·
򣡡
Ҷɫһ䣬һ


356 һս
ϣԵúƽûзصˡ
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ԭںܣѾһ㺮ֻҪκﴳȥᱻ˵һʱ֪
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㺮ڣ޷Ǳ뺮϶ᱻ˵һʱ֪ʱ³֪
ϣǱ뺮ź˲עʱ򣬸һڿֻܽˡҶ찵̾ϢʱѾ׼
һǱ뺮û躮һɱĺôǵҰõвһɱ
ַɹĿԱȽϴ
һַǽԶԷ벽۷ʵ϶Ҷʱ֮ܳ£һ
ַҪΣյĶ࣬Ͼȫ֣һɱҶ졣
ңԺ˵ʵҶкףҲδܹжԷ
ַĿԺܵͣ򲻵ѣҶҲԸϺˡ
ڿֻѡˡ
Ҷһʱ˾ģľѩǱҪȳġ
һսһʵˣؼʱ̣ѪħҲҪˡҶ찵뵽СУѪħѾ׼ãʱʹá
ͬʱҶ컺뺣ףԼľ۷塣
뺮˵ޣʣ죬ٹ죬ٳ֡Ҷؿһ۲Զĺ漴ˮû塣
ʱ仺š
˲֪ԼĺѾһλ֮ͣļ죬ÿʱÿ̶ڱǰڱϲŤľѩ
ҪˡҺˣٹ죬ҾǺˡ˶űϵĽɭӣ͸ȵĹâ
ʱľѩһΪѾﵽ߼ĺ֮ѾȫˡӴ֮츳ԽĴߣԽҶ죬Ϊʮ˹ǿš
ݴ½ӵк֮ľѩҲǰľš
Ȼǰľѩܹһл
ò˵ȻĻ죬ĳ֣ȴҲľѩһԵ˷ܹľѩ̥ǣ𱱺ʮ˹⡣
˫лԵͿ˭Цˡ
ĿǰЦӦǺˣǿİ벽۷ʵú˾ԵȨ
ʧȥʶľѩֻܽҶ֮Ѱãһϣ
䣡
һž޴ɫȻӺбֱ񷣬һƬ޶ŵ÷
֮ںιľѩƿԴҩ֮ڵĴ֮ԪʱһٽΪ߼˼
ҪǴȥԻ䶯ʮ˹ģ̶һµʱ䣬ľѩΪ𣬴˼
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Ǻ֮壬츳Ѿͷ˯Ҳܽ磡ʺĽ
һжҪΪϷ£Ȼӵк֮壬ܹ֮磬ϷԸˡ˹Ц
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һӰȻһ˫貵ӣĨ񣬶˲㺣ˮԶĺ
˼ľѩϢôܣΪôһǿô࣡
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ľѩʵǳڱʮ˹˼꣬Ҳܽ˼һпǺ˶ֽš
׼ʼˣҲٵˡ
Ҷһһȣĺʱһǿ顣
ҶƱ˳棬̤նϣգңңĺȡɫ󹭡
ˣҶһżң˫ԣһ𶯲񷣬
ţ˭
üͷһ壬ʱ۾һ˫ӣҶķ
ǺεǿߣҶ棬ͷųϢһ̣ӦΪֻ·ߣ죬ʲôⷢᡣ
͸ӦʮɫĹâʮǣſֲĺ
ܺãϷĵ̷Һ⼸ƽ˺ܶ࣬˶Ϸˡ
˶ʱŭ
˲͸ӦҶΪ˼ԸûаҶ
ļ;Ϊһ콾ˡĴ֮һðϷҲ˻δ䣬αѾʧڹ֮С
ҶӦһɿֲϢӺڱ
Уһֻ޴ĺƾճ֣һѾץסҶȥʮ֧ɫǿźΧɢȥһƬˮ
ϷĺСӣĲͷ𣿡
¡¡źɢһ𶯲񷣬˹Ҷо䶼һ
ǿҶʱһصؿŴӺ̤նĻߡ
Ǻˣ
Ҷϸһ麮ˣֻоɲ⣬֮ʶɱҪǿһЩˡ
Ȼ𾪣Ҷмƻڿ˵һ̣ٶңźҵһ
һȸղŵʮҪǿ󣬴ﵽʮڵĹ
˼״üͷһ壬г˷ŭǸС̫ˣȻ棬ȫ
ڸܵҶһʱ˻Щ𾪣̾ͣʵ콾һ֪һ
£һҶļʸʵСӣͽ֮ˣϷĲ̫ˣǹԹԱ֣Ϸɱ֮
ȻµҶ콾֮һ˻ЩɵϾ콾ıСйӰӡ
Ȼ˼Ҳ֪ԼҲЩѾλĹǵĶ֡
ǱҪҲǣϾҪڱʮ˹ġ
ţ
ԶҶ״ɵðһϲȻ֪Ϊʲôû֣ҪĽ
£Ҷһ𣬵ңһ򺮱ˡ
ǿ̣벻̡
˿Ҷ첻ԼεسԼʱŭ죬ҲҶıӰΣֱһĹȥ
СӣŭһһƸǲ񷣬ѹ졣
Ҷ˵ƣͻȻɫĹâһɼϢ˲񷣬ϯƬأΧ¶ȶʱ½˼ʮȡ
ԺΪģΧĺˮȫһȥٴΪ𺳡
áһ죡
ҶʱĵһһͻܵһǿҵΣæʩչһ죬Ȼʩչ̤ƽţӲؽӺƳ֮Զֲһơ
ҶԭڵĵطƬն·ȥǿֲľƣǧɵĺˮ䱬ˣɸߵľξˡ


357 ɱ

˷û˲񷣬󱻺ᣬγɾ޴ıɽƬسװ
䣡
Ҷһ޴ıɽ棬صؿŶĺˣг𺳡
Էʵʵ̫ǿˣ֮䣬ܸ컻أð⣬ıﻹҪٱ
աҶɨһΧĵ׺Ȼѡ
ʱڵĵطȫǣҲһ˿ˮЩɽΧȫסһ
ҶǱ档
Сӣٶȵͦ죬ȻܹϷһԶĸ߿Уһ֮ɫȵ
޾ıγһȻĴ½
ҶĬȡսʮС뱬һѪնݺݵسеĺȥ
䣡
նһµӿһҵĵâͬ񷣣бб񷡣
͡һǿķҶվıɽѿˣɽ
У۾һУȵһСӵʵ±֮ĴҲˣһֵһš
Ȼо̾Ǻ˲ûԴС
Ҷʵ˽ʼҶһ˫ɢɫâƣȻ޴ɫӰնһ
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СӣһѾϷɵ㻹ܲܽӵ˴Цһ˫ɫƣݺݵѹ
ʱղ·Ƶģµ·˵̵ĺˮҶ˶ûС
ǵ򺮱˵ѪնֱӱУҲ˺˵塣
˫Ĳ̫ˣҶڵʵȡѪħҲﵽʮ۷塣
Ǻ˵ʵȴǰ벽۷壬̫Զˡ
ȫ֣ҶֵסһС
ںǿߵĽԸһ˼ĺ󱲣û׼Ҫȫ֡
ⲻǺɵһȻ
Ҷ죬ʵԸһ弶ߣҪȫ֣̫ˡ
ں˵Уɵʮ˹ʮλԼһЩصͬǿߡ
֮⣬˲κˣԸʵ԰ӱʮ˹
һ͸ҶһõĻᡣ
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ҶһʮС뱬ɢҵĹâǿԪƵֱ
ʱҶ콫еԪȫѪħ֮Уһž޴̫ͼѹֻƶȥ
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ͬµݺݵس̫ͼ棬Ȼ󲿷ֵˣһݵҶϡ
ʱҶܵ޴ѹӳµıɽѹˡ
ˣҶһ˱ɽ֮ףǿӶɢˣȫʹ̣̲סһѪ
ǿ벽ʵôֲҺֻҶоѣ̲סٴһѪԷĹеĻҪ¡
ҶһκͰ벽ǿ߶֣Էһλ벽۷ǿߣһθܵǿߵֱֲ
⻹ǰ벽ǿߣһָҰɣҶ찵̾Ϊڵʵݺᱱʮ˹ˣЦһΨĴܹ
Ǻ˵ĳ֣ȴоԼСǿʱĻ̫Զˡ
һ죬ҪΪⱱʮ˹ǿߣ
Ҷһ𣬴ӵصվתս壬ȫһɽɫʸУһɿֲڱ
Ҷ˫һͺһɽӲ˲񷡣
Զ˶Ȼһɽεضڲɵøеޱȡ
ܡСӾȻû˿žűɽҶ죬ۿʱһš
һΣҶȷʵˣҪ֪һƵǴﵽ˰벽𣬾һĴҲӲӡ
û뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼסһƣ˲Ǻأ⼸漣
ȥɣ
УҶž޴ıɽ֮ɫź˳
ٽ˲ԶʱҶһԾ˫źݺݵھ޴ıɽ棬ʹñɽܵ޴Ȼ٣ź˺ײȥ
Сӣ㲻Ϊⶫܹ˵Ϸɣ˼״ɵЦ
һɽҶ춼ܺ䱬οȰ벽۷ǿߡ
˸ûɽ׼֮佫ݻ٣һ̣ͫ͵һź˵Ҷ졣
ʱҶУһѪɫħɢſֲɱİ߲񷶼ȾѪɫ
⡭
𾪣˫һƬȣ嶼ڲ
ѪħϢ˫ۣǿֲɱеĲһ
ȻСӵʲôˣСӸӵѵϷܰɣ˴е̰һӾӿ˳Դ
ǿߣһʵǿ֮⣬ӵ
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䡪졪ף
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һ˲䣬ͬУɫʱұ䣬ĵһëȻǾҵΣϢסȫ
ҲʱҶµԪ˺סԴСĺɫԲ򣬶ʱѿһ϶гֲϢ

ĲҲʵȫźȥ
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358 ˫˫ɱ
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׵ıը춯أһ
µӺ֮бͬеˮһϯƬء
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Ҷ첻һͷȫӣһɿֲĳݺݵشķϯ
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Ҷ켸һѪѪ粻ϣˣǳҡ
ֻನҶ߾ȫסˣںףֱоǹɿֲನȥ֮󣬲Ÿðˮ档

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峿գǿϢȺֱϯ
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359 
ĺһĲӰصسںף˳˯
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Ҷһ޷֮⣬ûмĴߣеЩ档
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Ȼһս
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ô칫콾֮һһ۷ǿߣôȫⲻܰľѩɻûзԼı仯Ϊ̫Ūȫ
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ҶڹսͬʱȻҲľѩѧһЩ飬ֱ漣
Ҫ֪Ҷ죬һ۷ǿߣǰľѩĶ
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361 ִ
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ͻȻ֮䣬ЩرⲢľѩģһ˵Ҷ졣

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һľѩ޷սֻ˿˫˫վԶɻؿͻȻֵҶ졣
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ղ˵״̬Ҷ´ﵽ۷ʱ򣬷ǳ
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ȻЩȣĿǰЩ仯ľѩֻкôûлҶҲġ

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ǰ治ԶǾ칬ˣվڴͷָңԶǰҶ˳ȥʱһ޴ӰƯڸ߿У·һ֮ǡ
Ҷĳǵһ칬˵칬ڸ߿֮Уƽֻһ޴Ŀй㳡Ψпʱ򣬲ܿ칬ڡҶ̾Ȼ׹ĻʹҲƯڸ߿Уھ칬˵ʹСöࡣ
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һֱ칬Ǳʮ˹һ棬Ϊʮ˹ǿߣоųɾŶõӶġ
ûо칬Ļ±ʮ˹͸ϡˡ
Ǳʮ˹ҡһλλǿߣõñʮ˹ٻʢ¡

һ޴ΣӺ׾ԶԶȥ񷣬ƶˣƯڸ߿еľ޴½ء
Ǿ칬ڵˡ
ʱһսͣһЩˣ𺳵ؿһĻ
칬ʮ˹ϵż׷ݵϹʱϵżʮ˹߶Ϊ񻰣޷ǵһʲôʱǿ߱ž
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絶õñʮ˹ò׺ɣ֪仯˶١
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칬ܹ浽ڣӴ󷨵Ĺ͡
ҶǸϵʱ򣬴˵ѾӰϵǿߣһȥѹѹһƬ塣
Щ˳꿡֮⣬ϱǿߣȻȥȴȴϢһʱ֪칬еĵһ鱨
칬սǱʮ˹ʢʱ򣬰ʮ˸Ĺ˶ڹעⳡƴʢ䡣
Ǳʮ˹۷ʱ̣


362 Ϯ
칬ƽ˼ߵ
ÿһξ칬֮ʱʮ˹߸һʢᣬ¹ע
Ҷ˵ִ˵صʱ򣬿еһҴ󴬣һѹѹӰʱ𺳲ѣʱŸܵ칬ߵջжôǿ
ʱУʱ߽٣кܶ߳ޣԶ
ֱ֮ϯƬ
֣ľѩһ̾Ҳǵһ칬ɽ˺ľ󾪴ˡ
оֲҶҲ࣬µʮˣҶϵǿߡ
΢΢пһ£Ҷ̧ͷգһ޴½أ˲񷣬ڵסϵ̫ʹô˵طǳ
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˵صߣʱе½ȥһȥһɫĺΪ׳ۡ
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Ἰ̤գҶ˸߿գʱ͸оǰһһž޴գ䣬Ľ⡣
ǰһ޴Ĺ㳡㳡ܣһͨɢĪ⣬㳡
ʱ㳡ɽ˺߻վ򲢼罻ǳ֡
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䣡
ʱһǿϢ㳡նͬһ貵Ľ˲˵ע⡣
쿴
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С˵ɣôҶ죬ɭȻ˵漴ɫһ䣬ΪҶΪѾż
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˲һѪΪŭͨһƬСϷҪܣã
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Ҷ״׼ȡѪħ֣һӰ죬˲ͳ嵽Уһӭ򺮱˵һơ
Ҷ۾һϳˣȻĴ֮һ޷磬ԭˣһֱȺ֮С
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ˣ㾹ھ칬Ұʮλ𣿡޷һ£뺮˵һƺݺݵײһ
䣡
ʱһ㳡һǹεĳȥɢһƣնڲѡ
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𺳲ѣ
ǿһλ벽һǳѾõĺˣȻ޷ˡ
˵ʲô
˵޷Ѿ˰벽ʵ


363 
߿У޷һɫ趯죬ӷǳͬϵǳԵƲ
޷Ķ治Զһ۵ĺЩǱղŵһƣȫȫһƱҪɱҶ죬ȴ޷磬е־ŭ
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Ĵ֮һ޷磬һֱһ棬һλߣδܹһΣԺİ벽
ǿܹһս칬Ըˣʹ찡

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ԶҶĿ޷һɨжʱȻ
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ܵɿֲϢҶĿһɫ΢΢һض·Ĺ㳡
Ҷע£·ȺУȻһ̾漴һɫĹâſΧȺһ貵̫ȽȽ𣬳ڸ߿С
ðԵȭ⣬Ψ𣡡
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䣡߿У޷˫һϣҲʼ֮ɫ
Ĵ֮һ䣬޷Ǳʮ˹һĴ۷֮һ
ȺʱһƬȻ


364 һս
ڱʮ˹λߣȻ⡣
ֱǵĹǿߣʮĹһʵȻǿһЩ
ңŲһֱռݱʮ˹һλ
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ߡ޷硢䡢棬˱һĴߣųƱʮ˹һλ۷ڡ
ҲǱʮ˹һɽѹһ꿡ֻ콾Ҳֻ¡

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Ȼǿ׵ʵҲǳǿ󣬺ųãȴѾλ콾˦ֱ׷Ĵˡ

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෴ͬ˵һţ˶ˡû뵽ҶҲӵк򣬶һҲ١


365 
ˣʵҲˣʧǿ֮ҶضŶĺˣǳһĨмЦݡ

ʶҶʵǿĹ㳡ϣʱһƬ֮һĿ⣬ҶɨӲϣһϣ֮ɫ
С˰ҧû뵽ҶҲ˺򣬶Ҳ٣Ҫ֪ΪȻ½ˣǺȴû½Ȼĳ۷徳硣
Ǻ˲֪ҶĺȭҲĳɰľ磬֮һ㶼١
ټҶ֮ƣ˫һ𣬶ʱ뺮˵ƽˡ
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䣡
˴һǣԪ֮Уһ޴ı۶ͬᴩصĳ磬Ҷ춴
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ߣҶ쿴ߵĺˣûȥ׷ΪԷʵ˶٣ҪɱԷһʱܹõģǼ˺ˣ˭֪ƥʲôֶΡ
ϱǿߣҶлЩɵģڲͺ˶ϣȽʮ߽˰벽ʱԾ󻼡
գҶѪħңңŲԶ䣬Ŀ⣬ޱȵͬ档
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ܵҶĿ⣬һһûСҶˣϾ뺮һսҶѾ֤Լʵ
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366 ɽſ
УҶȻԣ֮УŽŵա
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һԣ޷絭ؿţûм֣ϾҶѾ˲ʵٲ־Եöһˡ
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367 츳
޴ɽţɢųҵ⣬һεĳɨ㳡е꿡ܶ˽ȥ
һ˲䣬㳡ϵ߶ʱ֮ģֻʣһЩûʸȥϱǿڴ˵ȴ
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ñǿʥƵģÿ绮Ϊʮǣ˵Ϲʱʮǵǿߣǲ޵
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һγĽݣҶ˵ǰϷһ޴Բ̨
Բ̨иӣӶ˷һˮԱһλ׷ߣ˫֣ЦеؿŽһˡ
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368 ǿ츳
Ҷ죬ȥԿɣ
׵츳Ƕڴأ
Ҷ죬ܹԳ츳Ļɲ࣬λᣬδػ´ˡ

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Ϊ˹עĽ㣬˿ҶˣҲĿתԭ۵ľѩ
Ưӣ
Ůʹ׵ϵǷ֪ʵΣ
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Ҷ֪ľѩ˺ܴı仯츳²һ㣬ľѩսй飬ԲСľѩ
Сʲô֣׷߲ں˵ı飬һľѩк
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˶ˡ
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ղŵҶȣ׷߶ľѩˣֱЩԴˣȻԽˮݵľѩǰǰûз¡
ľѩҲЩܳ˿Ҷ죬ڵõҶ̧ۣ֮ƻˮ档
䣡
ڴʱ
һɳҵĽɫâˮ֮жȻǿҵĹԣһ̫һ̵˶۾
Բ̨ϣ׷ؿһĻЦãããҾ칬ҵһλˣѣ


369 ̫ʥ
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Ŵ󴫳ߣһ˹λˡ
Ҿ칬ֻԻ͵ʱ

Բ̨ϣ׷߳ЦЦĺ˺һλϹʱĶǿߡ
û֪λϹǿߵжôΣΪѰҾŴ󴫳ߣȴǧ꣬˲׺ɣֱգһ˹λ
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Ȼɢ⣬ôҫۣ
˵ѪħԣҲͷų˽⣬ǳƽûôҫۣ
츳ǰ˼Ǿżѹλǰ˸ˡ
棬һޱ𾪣Ľʺޡ
Ĵߺ콾һˣǵɫޱأһ˫˫ӣԲ̨Щ֪ľѩ
ѩ츳Ȼ˱仯ӦǸ֮йءҶϲɫ뵽
ԱߣơɽҲܲѣô˵ľѩǵѣǴ׹ߣȻеˡ
Ҵ׹һҶ죬ֳһľѩ԰ˡջ𾪵Ŀ⣬뵽
¡¡
ͻȻΧ޾ǿձѣһ貵Ż˵ǰ
ЩŻɢųҵĹâͬһͨһоŻÿŻ涼һ֡
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ҶһһɨЩŻиеЩŻ֮ɢϢܵһɷ·Զźһĺ嫡
Բ̨ϣ׷߻ֶʱһŻ򿪣޾İ׹ͷŶ̵۾
ľѩԸ칬ΪʥĴߣΪ칬ĻԻͣѪ
׷ׯµǰľѩǿգؿڷ
һ̣׷Ʊŷֲƣ˶оϢֽȫ޷亹һε¡
Ψľѩһ˲ȣЩؿ˿׷ߣȻĿתҶ졣
ѩҶѵ̧ͷľѩ¶һ϶
ҡԸ⣡
õҶ֧֣ľѩ̧ͷĿᶨ˵
УʵҲøǿܰõҶˡ
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˭֪ھŴʥ֮Уž칬似ڹķ
ЩһƽߣܳΪʣοЩš
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ľѩҪˣԽĴߣԲˡһ˸п
ȺУλŮӣҲ¶һ˿֮ɫҧҧ
ߡ䡢޷ˣһɫޱأȻ֪ľѩһ괫Уĳɾ;ԳԽǣԽʮ˹ʮλ
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ܹھ칬ڽ벽ĻôҲûһս֮Ҷ̧ͷһ˫ڵӣųҵ⡣
Բ̨ϣ׷ջĿ⣬ɨȺٶ
Ȼ츳Уһ;ֻ츳ԵԡŬͬҪ񣬺ʥȻ˴ߣİ˴ʥпλǸѡһȥԵɣ
׷˵꣬±۾ƺ˳˯
Բ̨µȻһŻУΨǵŻرˣ˿Խ롣
̫ޡ䡢һضսħ
ҶĿ⣬ЩŻһɨ۲졣
Ҷһǵһβ칬ˣҲڰԹ۲죬ЩѾһξ칬ˣʼٽˡ
УѡһŻ룬޷ѡŻѡ˰սŻѡŻ롭
ѩӵк֮壬츳뺮һйأԱѡΪʥʥŮǲ˵ЩŻ֣еĻԵйأ
ҶĿһѡ̫Ż롣
ʱҶ֮⣬˶һһŴŻˡ
׷Ҷ֮󣬻۾˿ҶǵŻ̫
츳ȻǿȴǳŨӦһ֮ӡ̫ʽϢ˵пܻ̫ʥĿ϶
׷ϹʱĴʶȻ֪һ츳ԣܾһߵĳɾ͡
Ϲʱһ츳ӵгɫ꣬ٶţһһˣȴ̤ڶŵʬ壬Ϊһ񣬾¡
λҶ֮ͬһǳƽȴվ£úܶϱǿߺĿɿڴ
һ棬ʷ֮Уǧš
׷Ŀ䣬˵Ҷ֮˵ҪΪһ·
ӵһŲĵǿ֮ģɳΪ񣡡
ӵǿ츳ɳΪ񣡡
ӵǿˣɳΪ񣡡
ӵߵԣɳΪ񣡡
·һն֮ͨλ
Ҷ츳ȻУǰ׷ȴϿӴˣˣϹŶǳġ
ľѩ츳лΪȴҶߣأɴ˿ɼжôŨ
ϣܹõ̫ʥĿ϶
׷̾Ϣһ£󻺻۾
УŴŻҲһһʧ

һ̫ŻҶоԼһãã磬ⶼǰɫĹâκһɫֻܵһǰȥ
ãĴϣžһַ·ԶźһĺϢŰƬռ֮ڣ˸ей¼źƽ

ƽûг೤ʱ䣬㱻һͻȻӰơ
Уһ꣬ɫǳۣһսĿԶ
˵˾Ҷ졣
վһϣҶ쿴ǰһеӰüͷ΢΢
֮ǰ˽̫ʥ˵ȴֻмʮˣǶǱɢƬռġҶ찵뵽
䣡
һž޴ѪڣҶĽͻȻ𣬽Ҷ˲ûˡ
һͬСɽС޴ޣش˸á
䡭ԶͬһĻʱǿܵĪĹһˡ
Ѫնһ
漴ͷҶޣȻһҵĵâ˺壬ըڰС
Щ޾Ȼ֪ϢҶӦط죡
һӾ޵ɱ˳ҶüؿԶһֻֻսǿߣжʱ˾衣
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ЩޡҶɫء
Щ޶ϵļ𣬶ܹϢʵȰ벽ǿ߶ûз֣ò˵ǷǳĹ졣
ţԣЩ޲ϢǽԼϢƬռϢϣҷֲ
ȻҶоâһеİ
ֻԶЩͻȻٵǿߣһܵ˾޴޵Ĺ˶ûȷ
ңҶвһ·֮ɫܵͻϮô衢СĶûá
⼸ǵڶ칬ˣ϶֪ȱ־裬ϧǵľ裬Щ޸á
Ҷа롣
䣡
Ҷ˼ʱһͷڿնȥһɱеҶ죬ǿƶԵɱ¾Ϣ
𡪡ͷſ죬˸ɭȻĺâ׺ݵҶ죬ˮֱ
ߣҶһĿһеսѾ³һҵĵâͷ롣
Ҷһ·ɨң֮޾䣬˵صһɨɾ
л׵
л׵
л
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ߣҶһȳԶȥ
ǿҲǰ׳գæȥ
¡¡
Ƭ֮󣬴˵һڣһֲϢŲ񷣬ţһ˫˫ɺĿУѪϢ
ȻǿҶȥķһ˿־壬û׷ȥǲĵ˵صס


Ũһ죬ȵʮˣѹֽ칬ǿߣһ˲Ϊ
Щ޲׷Ҷ˿һʱоһŨޱȡ
һأ˵˵صı͵ܹջܴ󡣡ҶЩϲЩź
Ϊ칬ʱƵģһ֮󣬾칬ͻ¹رգʱ˶ᱻ߳ȥ
ԣҶڴ˵صʱֻһ꣬ǿߣΪ˱ģȻʱ˷档
Ҷ֪һʮҲʹͣסǾѰеıȡ̫ʥĿ϶
ÿǿ߶ҰĵģһõʥĿ϶ô似ˣΪʶ⡣
ǰҲҪ칬һˣ̫ʥû׼ϵʽҵġ
ҶͻȻǰĽٽ̫ʥƣжʱһЩ²⡣
ʽǿѧǴԴģǴϵԵɺ֮µõģϧֻõʽѡ
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֪ΪʲôΧĴ֮УҸоľֲִҶؿһΧĴ֣ѡǿҵֱӣ̤Щɭ֮Уô˲ͻΨһȫĵطǰϿȡ
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Ҷӣʵںܾ֮ǰҲ˲ĵ̤Щ֣һ⣬ûлٳһ˽͵
ҶʱһݣȻĸоһЩ֮зǳֲ
Ȼһǿ۾һæ˵׵ʵѪħҲӽЩ֣ݼأڽӽһ׵ĵطȻѪȻͷҲص˻ڵʱ˺ܶ˵𾪣ֻѪħûнʲôǲ֪Щ֮еܡ
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Ҷ֣Ψһĵ·ǰбȣ㿴ɽЩѨʵǶһ̫ͨʥĵ·ֻԽĶѨ̺ĻԽпܣọ̈̄Ҫʵڵġһǿʱѵ
Ҷ쿴ԶĴϿȣеʯ棬ȷපѨɢʵĹâ
ڴϿȵĶ棬һɫŻɢųҵĽ⣬ǳҫ۶Ŀһ֪
̣ϿȺͨ𣿡Ҷʵ
ΪϿȷǳƽһ޵ϢûУһĿȻҶʲôΣմڡ
Ҷ֣ȣƽһ綼ûУ̤УŰһҪǰһѡ˽͵
˵˵ߵѨ޷ǰ벽ˡ
ҶʱһΪ˵֮˵ΪʵȴֻߵѨ
Ҫ֪ϿаʮһѨΪȻֻߵ
Ҷʱ֪ϿȲˡ
ϹʱӦ˳嵽һѨ˵ֱǰ̫ʥõеĴС̾
׵ʵһˡúڳһΪ꣬ǰĴϿȷɱȥ
Ҷ۾עƬϿȡ
Ǹ̤Ͽȵһ˲䡪
䣡
һ죬ֲ쫷˲䱬ǰֱһɷڵĺˮƺƵϿȶûˡ
˻Ҷ죬һǸǿ߽嵽һѨҲǰãֻܽһѨ
ÿֲ쫷磬һһеƬϢʱ䶼ûУȫԸĻҲ岻˶ԶҶжʱȻղλǿѵĲҪȫԸˣԲһ˿ʵ
ԽǰĶѨصĻԽʵȻҪԶ
Ҷ貣ſԵһѨ
׵Ҳһˣǣ
ҶӣζлˣԺлᣬһȾơ
׵أ
Ƭ̣һλλǿ߳ȡ
Ҷϸһ£һλΪﵽ߼ǿߣֻܳ嵽ѨѣʣµˣǰѨͣˡ
ҵļ
˶뿪֮ҶоⱬһѪɫħɢſֲϢС
Ҷ֮С


371 ת
꣡
У쫷Űɳʯ𣬳Ҷһ
һ̣ҶҲأȫģˣֻоҵķڴһƬҡ
ȻһУҶ첢ûһ˿ţɫĮ⵭Ȼƽسǰȥ
תս壡
ʽ
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ò˵ʽ޵зȴǷǳʲˣǿֲķ󲿷ֶ̫ͼˡ
ʣµһ޷תսѾﵽҶ졣
ҶɵسǰȥûһһѨǰѨ棬˰ããĹâʲôûС
ºǾŵŻһֻҪȥ֮󣬾ͻᱻ͵һЩطҶ찵뵽漴ǰ
ڶѨѨѨ
¡¡ҵĿŰһµҶߺɨеУ޷Ӱ֡
תս㣬ҵֱǿߣʽǰһοκβҡҶгš
ǰȥ
ѨѨھѨ
ԽԽңҶͺһΡɽƾ쫷紵ϣûһ˿ҡȶؼǰ
ʱЩǿ߿Ҷһɴ۾ţڱʮ˹ʷϣܹﵽҶڵĳɾֱָͣ
Ҳԣľ칬սУܹﵽҶʵǿ߱Ͳ࣬ͬʱתսʽľ͸ûˡ
ԣ̫Ż֮УҶȡõĳɼѾȫԽǰˣﵽһµĵز
ʮһѨʮѨ
ҶǰΧĿԽԽǿ󣬵ĽŲȻȶɣɽ
ҵļ޵
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һɹɾҵĿ磬·ҶǵһĿпι
Ҷôǰţ߹һѨ߹һζε·

ʮѨ
䣡
ڴʱ
ǰХ쫷Ȼǿһ̶ȣⶸȻǿҶӦЩҡӣʱȶˣǿķԵȥ
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͡
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û뵽˴˵أȻʮֹбҾҪǰˡҶеޱļ¡
ʱЩԥˣǼǰֱӴӵʮѨ롣
ѨԱߵĺۼ٣ֻۼȻľ칬սУֻܹ˵ءҶϸ۲һѨ뵽
Ҫ֪칬Ϲʱ浽ڣڼ˸жˣֻۼ˵⿼ļѣԹΨܹ˴
ĳɼ԰ӱʮ˹ˡ

Ҷ쿴˿ǰһЩѨжʱһɲʣͬʱǿƢҲˣԥĿʱޱȼᶨ
֮·ѣлپۣҪһһҪҵļޣ
ҶҧҧΪԪǰ
ʮѨ
ʮѨ

ҶһУֻнµ·һǰǰſǰûһˡ
ԽԽңмӲʯ飬һſڵҶϡ
ҶÿһǳѣٶȱţһȻҧأûзǰ
ʮǰû꣬ʵȰ벽
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û츳ΣҶһҪһҶ죬Լ˫֣һ֮·
Ҷɴ۾Ŀ磬ԣͬ⣬ա
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ףǴת𣿡ԲʱҶ첻ɵ۾һеЩ˼顣
ֻЩԲЩǰĶĳתһµȴһЩ似鵤ĵرȵƷ
Բ̵룬һöָ룬Ҷһ֮£ʱµǸʲôõˡ
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⡭
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ԭղŵĽһǸԲ̵ô
Ҷµһָָʲôܻʲôֻһλᡣ

Ҷһزס˷ܺͼϸؿԲ̡
ϸϸ۲֮Ҷ췢ԲʾƷоŸͣÿо֡
󷨡ЩȻãõĵرҩ似ڹķʦڵĹҲҪˡ
Ҷϸ˼һ£ʱԼҪʲôˡ
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¡¡һԲ̶ʱתָ뻩תһƷ
ҶĿ⣬ʱһƷڴ
ĵرѪ


372 ̫
Բ棬һĵرҶѪֻҪõƿѪľתսܽ׵Ĳ㣬ʱԶԸǿߡ
ҶζõıʱǰֻҪöָͣѪ棬ôܻıˡ
ǣ
ҶڴĿָ룬һתָ֮ٶȿʼ½ˡ
Ѫ
Ѫ
Ҷ˫ȭգĿȣڴ
ȻܹԲϵıﶼǷƷи似ڹķһļƷҩҶƿѪ
ΪֻҪƿѪҶʵܿվ˱ʮ˹֮ۡ
ʵҶʵȻˣôǿʵ칬֮УܻøĻˡ
ԣҶжƿѪ˿
֡
ָٶԽԽҶһĶɤۣûôŹһ˫ȵӣŻתָ롣
ָѪתٶѾ˼㣬Ҷɴ۾һ㶼ƿ벽ָ롣
ָĶѾСˣڻתţת˴ȦһνӽѪˣٶѾ͵˼ޣͿתˡ
Ͳһ㣬ǧͣ
Ҷս˫ȭ۾ָ룬ʱָѪһԽԽˡ
εΡȻָٶȺˣţһˣȻȲѪӽ
лᣡ
Ҷ۾һЩ˷ܡ
û뵽ԼȻôá
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ԽԽӽѪָ룬Ҷе˷Ҳβסˣˡ
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ҶⱩʢû˿㣬һȭӭȥݺݵǸͷײһ
һ˲䣬ǿݺݵײһ𣬱ֲĳǫ̈ѡ
սʿһȭɳȥ̨ڰУͷҶ죬һɿֲһǳ١
벽̫ˡҶ۾һʩչʽɵصס˺ĸͷ
ȣ
ҶӸ߸һԾٸ߿գһȭݺսʿ
䣡
սʿܵǿĹʱһݺݵˤ˵ϡ
ɣҶϣ˫ԣɫ
¡¡սʿܵ˿籩һĺûлֵһӣҶҵȥȥ
һսҶǳǿƣ·һһ
ˬ죡Ҷһսúˬеһжйˣ¶˷ܣս
ǰһ̫ˣڿʼ˭ٸ赲ҵ֮·ҶҪһȭ顣
Ҷⱬ䣬ǿ˳ɫȭͷݺݵغڿսʿϡ
ʱսʿˣΪǹ⣬ʧڶ̨ϡ
㣡
ҶҲʧˡ
ڲر㣬һӰͻȻ֣Ҷ졣


376 ս
ıͬһġ
ھ̫һ޷֮ҶڷԽϲˣԿıҲǷʱʱЦݡ
ĵЧáҶڴؿһԵע͡
֮дֲ֮дʹô˷ģӵһضĻᣬ֮Ե֮Ч
ôţȣ
Ҷ쿴עͣʱɴ۾
עͷһ߸֮ĴԵֱˡ
ǱҶ˫ǰ׳գ֪ⶫѪҪ
ؼʱ̣ⶫܱҶ찵뵽漴СĵպеһСУѰ󿴹ܺá
Сһͨ飬ǶԱУһʱ۾ð̹⣬Ҳƶˡ
СúպãҪʱճҵѪҶСһ
ѰƶǶص˵ͷ
ҶԴ˺ܷģѰǳͨ飬öĻ
һУҶ̤ͨĲĽݡ
Ĳعؿսʿпܴﵽ𣬿ҪһͣˡҶ찵뵽
ϧΪһ㣬ٽһôҲսһսˡ
Ҳһûᣬҿǰǿսҵ϶ܴ󡣡Ҷ˫Ⱪʢɢǿս⡣
䣡
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յ䶷ռ䡣
ӰȻڶ̨ϣһҶ죬һǿսʿ
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Сӣүսʿһеľ޸ֻɺӣݺݵصҶ졣
ҶʱоһɿֲϢ
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ҶһǿĶ֣е˷ܣǿһս˭
ʵУҶǲҺǿսϾǻΣա
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һ̣ȻԿӣöҶеսһս񣬸оһ˾㤵Ϣ
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Сӣһͷ棬սʿ͵ԾһɽҶѹ¡ҫ۵ĸ⣬գƺҹе磬Ҷͷ¡
һ˲䣬Ҷеս·屻סһ㣬ãһǿסˡ
ǿǿߣҶȻһʵҲأʮС뱬嫵Ԫʱ͵ӿ졣
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ꡭ
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ߣսʿߣʼҶˣֳ־޸ȫһ̹ˣֱǰƲɵ
ҶտտȫԪƵ̫ͼһֶԷȻ󷢶ٴսʿĳ
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սʿЦ
Ҷͫһû˵ʲô㱻ҫ۵ĸû˶ʱ֫ˣΪǹ⣬ʧڶ̨档


377 ս

ر⣬Ҷ͵һ𣬴ӻ֮ѹ
嵽Ҳȣ㾹Ȼõһ˾˰ԶʯתŸոѵҶ죬һ˫ɫ˸Īʡ
ʱҶͷ󺹣һµӣǸսʿĹе

Ҷڵϣû˵ƽԼ顣
Ƭ̣ҶվָԭеļᶨҲŵɫʡ
ʯǰȥҶƽʵ칬ջѾܴˣһõһѾûźˡ
ʯؿҶһۣͷ͵ܺãɣܲܵõʥϿɣͿˡ
˵գȳɽȥ
Ҷ̧ͷһ۷嶥һɫĹһž޴̫ͼ棬ɢױȵĹԣâɡ
̫ʥ칬Ŵʥ֮һ
ʯǰܸ˵˵Ŵʥ𣿡һ·ϣҶоģǺʵ
ϹʱţѾûµĳ֮УֱڣֻܴһЩż֮в֪ܵϹʱһ
һλϹʱķĿܣҶȻϣܹ֪һЩϹʱţϾ˶кĵġ
ԣ
ʯͷҲص˵ЩʲôܣҶ֪Ҳûʲô˵ġң̫ʱû˵ˣҲҶ˵˵ϾᣬҪгˡ
һһܣһ·϶ڽ̸
ȻҶѯʣʯ˵

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һܹ֮ʮλǿߣ޵ݳ𣬾¡
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Ҷ֪ʯֻһֻܣֲ̫ʱûмôı飿
ܿܣƳʯλǰԾľԸ
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ԭˣҶȻͬʱ뵽֪ԺܲܳΪʥʱӦý̫ʥǽѪħʥأ
Ҷ漴ȻʧЦǣʥ绹֪ǺˣЩδ̫׳ˡ
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սҪ𣡡Ҷԣʱս⣬зŹ⡣
սǾ칬ĴͳҪ֪µľλӣ˭Ҳ˭Լд趯֣Ҫһ¡ͬΪŴµľŴʥĵǣҲ಻Ҫһ£ǾսʯЦ˵
Ҷϸû뵽սǾ칬ĴͳǱʮ˹Լģһ˵
սǾŴʥ𼶱ǵսɾŴʥ𼶱ĵӲμӡǣϹʱϾȲ̫ʱ٣Ժ칬սΪΡĲΣҲ۵ĲΣʡҲлμӡ
ʯ˵տҶ죬ڲμӵľεսֻҪܹõⳡս֮λΪ̫ʥʥӡ
ʥӣҶɻ
ھ칬ͼŵӣ츳£ֻܸ칬ӣҲлѧϰ칬ѧŵ֮ϣǼӣŵӺ洫ӡֻ洫ӣлŴʥҲֻ洫ӣʸܾŴʥѧС
ʥӺʥŮǾŴʥǿ洫ӣڹȥҲǳΪʦ֡ʦ㡣
ʯҶ죬ЦŴȤǵ츳ǰǲܳΪʥӵģ˭ھ칬ûأ
˵գʯ꣬ǿľ칬ȴֻһЩ츳µߵѰҴߡ
Ѱǧ꣬ûҵ
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378 ʼ
̫ʥǰһ޴󷨣̨ɢĹâޱȵҫ۶ĿһŰɫ̫
ʱʯҶǰ
Ǿ󷨣Ϊ˷ֹս˻ȥǾ칬󷨴ʦصؽ󷨡ֻҪУ󷨱Զģ壬Լһѧ򵥵˵ǸƳһ㡣ʯ˵
֪ر䶷ռеЩսʿһ԰ɣҶ۾һɵʵ
ʯЦŵͷ䶷ռҪˣǾŴʥһ󷨣ǻӣһ嫵С硣ǵսСУǶμսģˣҲܵˡ
ҶͷȤͺ档
ڣҸ˵˵սĹԼҪעһЩϸáʯȻ
Ҷʱأš
ɾ󷨹ɵСУо޴ĳǳأÿǳ֮ڶһյֻҪϨյ𣬱ǳرˡ
νսǾŴǳ֮Ĺзһǳصһ֡ⳡսĳʱΪһ£˭һڵõķ࣬ʤߡ
ʤߣܵǳصĽͬΪһ¡ֵܹסһµĽұסôܳΪǣ𡣡
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Ҷû˵ʯ˵ݣһС磬ǳأ๥ʤߡ
ʤߣҪܵǳصΧѹôûгֹһ𡣡Ҷ첻ɵü
һսߵʵǿһǣȡʤߡǣţ߻ûܵסǳصΧ
Ϊǳض޷硢䡢棬콾ôඥǿҲֻޡ
Ȼǿﵽ޵ĲΣĴߺЩ콾ҲпõԵͻƣʱҼܹߣҲס˵֡Ҷ찵뵽
ܹõԵĴ߾͵òȻǲܵģԣҶҪȡ֮λǲܵġ
ˣһһ㲻ܳΪܹôǿһսҲźˡҶҡҡͷ漴̹Ȼ֮ɫ
ξ칬֮УѾõԵʵܶ࣬㲻ܳΪ̫ʥʥӣҲźˡ
ңľѩѾΪ˺ʥʥŮŮˣ˳ΪʥûʲôֱѾܸˡ
գҶ첻پ֮λ
Ҷ죬ҪΪҪءһǳΪ̫ǵĳֻҪ̫ʥ߾УǿΪҪ̫ȡʤҪ̫ǣֵסǳصĽʯ˵
ʯǰ̫ʥЩ߲ô죿ҶʱͻȻʵҪ֪ⳡսһ˾ܴӮģҲҪ˵ϡ
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ŶҶ۾һԭʧףʱָһġ
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ҶԣǷˣЩôЩ߲һЩµġ
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ЩڻûԵҪǿսˮһգҶһ£ʵ
ϾܶڶھŴʥѰһԵҲŬ˺ܾãҪõˣҶ쿪սǰ׸ˡ
ٺ٣ֻܹˣҾ㻹ǿ㿪սΪϾǵõ˻Եʵͻǿʱȡ֮λļʾ͸СˡʯٺЦ
Ļǲǲ̫֪ˣҪңʱһҡҶЩɣö룬һսô칬߶Ҫˡ
̫ʥ֮УвѰһԵµʱҲҪҶ죬Ҷ칥ǣ
ģֻҪ㲻˵˭֪㿪ģں񲻺ߣ֮·ͳѣܾһЩСᡣ̫ʱڣߵ磬ǲпľǿʳ㲻Ǹɴ಻Ҫˡʯߵ
ܽˣҶʱȻһȻ̤ǰ̨ϡʱһɳҵĹ⻪ȫסˡ

Ҷ̨̤֮һ죬ʱ칬
칬УһؾһƬƬŵأ£˶ˡ
һ˲䣬ɫһ䡣
սʼ𣿡컪ʵһĽݣӴ־ʹÿһǳļѣʱˣҲ𵽶־á
˭սֻҪͨһ󷨣Ҿܵõеıˣİһǿһҫ۵֮ŭ
˭һһһɽͷ֮ϣҪϷ嶥ȴȻʱɫ䡣
ҵ似˭սƫƫʱҪ֪콾ҲҪѩޣһǿһǰŭ
ҵܺá޷һ֮߳⣬г˷ܣȻջܴ
սô졭һﶼûͿʼˣ̫ʥУһǿߵɴ۾֮ɫ
սãһΣһҪߣսʥһɫ۵䣬Ŀưšıվˣֱ껺塣


379 һ
ž칬ʥڴѾõս١
ɾ֮УһƬ嫵Ĵϣ˾޴ĹųǡЩųǵĳǽǳߴ󣬳ػһ֪ѹ
̫ޡ䡢һضսħ
ųǣֱžŴʥ
ʥĺǣʱȴǿһˣ˳εս
˴սʵֻа˴ʥμӡ

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âһҶ춸Ȼо۾һʱһ޴Ĺ㳡ϡ
ৡҶ۾ʱΧһ⻪֣һλλǿߡ
еǰϷһ̫ǣҶȤشܣʱ̫ǵĹ㳡ϡ
㳡룬һˣĲû
Ҷ۾һУؿһˣ֪Ψ̫ǵĳƿسӡġ
Ҷ죡
Ҷӣ
Ҷ֡
Ҷ˵ʱΧߺȻҶ죬ʱ۾һ˹
ţǣҶ쿴ˣ۾һУʱϳǡ⼸˶ǵһ̫ʥߣڿȷֱ
Ҷӣսʼˣ̫Ǿʵǿ϶㵱˵һսô򣿡һߴųݵĿ⿴Ҷ졣
⡭ҶɣҪ˵ȴǱһԴĳ֮ϡ
УС˭˵˭ǳ˲𣿡һɫЦҲҶ죬ֻǶǰǸ˵߳
Ǹɫһ죬Ǳ粵˭ҪҶӵʵ֪Ƿ
ԣҲ
ǿΪ𣬾͸Ҷ
Ҷµļʮǿæͬ˵
ʱ̫ʥ߶Ѿˣˣ㳡ϣʹ졣
ҶȻܴ˵ע⣬ǿ߶ΧһԹ
Ǹɫ꿴Ҷ조˶ڡжʱЩɵ˵׵ʵȷǿһ֮ҪͳȫǵǹʵеġĻһ˾ͿȥǣҪǺã
һҶߵļʮ˶ʱ֪ػˣȷһ֮ͳʵ
ҶʵԺɨһǡ
Σ˵ҶӲ˭ʸѲλ˵˵Ϊʸ𣿹ʱһȺ֮д
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ղ˵ģ»ܹ㣬ϳǸɫꡣ
Ƕ̫ʥҶ۾һϲɫô˵Ѷǿĵģһôࡣ
ٺ٣֪϶ѡ̫ʥҲ͸ģϾսʱҲиӦ»ٺЦ
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ΪⳡƵǣߺ͹涼ǵƣԶ׼ս
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ˣǱ˻ܣǰܸơ
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ΪһĵһˣߵòȻǺܳڣĪȣȴ޷硢ѷɫܶࡣ
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ߵĳҶ쵭һЦ漴ҡͷ
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ǿѪħǵѪħʥıĿһ΢΢̾
ߣ޷һ۷һսʤΪĻᡣҶȻѪħֱָߡ
ҶóѪħһ̣ѾµҶʲôˣЩҲЩпƽŶҶ죬ڽѡ񡣡
Сң³޷硢һҶ˵ӴɱѪħɢıγһƬѪɷ
һ޷е㱾£ǲҲܹҡҲգȻһᣬôҾǿʵȫս⡣
˵ͬʱ޷Զֲ֮ƣϱһƬ磬Ҷѹ
䣡
ͬʱһ޵е֮ƣҲҶϱߵĴӭ
նʱͬը죬ҵ֮ӿȣµء
Ĵϣڲѣ·һ㡣
һ꿡ܶоһ·𱳸һɽƵģȫѹƵ޷ٻκȻǿߣҲоϢͷѹȸС
һǿߵʵǵĲ໹̫Զˡٻ껣λ콾֮һЩ⡣ڣʶҶߵʵ֪Լǲ̫Զˡ
κȻҲпѣʵѾԽϱǿߣΨбʮ˹Ĺܹѹһˡ
һܹһδԻΪ
жԳֵ۷ǿߣһ꿡г˾ĽǶţҲϣܹӵµһ졣
Ҷ죬Сˣû뵽Ҳ̤һȷʸҵĶ֡
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䣡
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˵գָ罣µĽ˺˲񷣬һնɱҶ졣
Ҷأ֪˵ʵΪӶԷϸܵǹɱɱ¾⻹ҪֲĽ⡣


391 ޵֮ս
ΰ߿գӰ۷ԣµɱ֮޵еս⣬ڶһƬ
ƴײأⷽһƬ
УҶչֳƣһڹս޲𺳡
˵˭ӮʵʵǺܶеʣȻϾнˣǻ̲סġ
Ѿܹ桢޷硢䣬£λӱʮ˹һһˡǿ֪ûΪܡ
Ҷ죬Դӳʼûаܹһһ·޵Сȡһ޷ͬһսܣɱ콾еһˣ˺ˣ䡢޷硭һҫ۵սƴﵽ۷塣
һѾ޵УһЩϱǿ߶ǿܶ࣬ˣ˭Ҳжϲһܹʤ
߰ɣҶȻǿʱ̫ˣΪż۷壬Ѿֻ벽֮ңˡ⣬꣬ս϶ҪǿҶ졣˵Ǻܶ˵Ͼ߳ѾãƵĲǸողųɳҶԴƵġ
ҲЩ꣬Ҷᳬߣȴѡ̾
ǿɲһҶӵѪħ˭֪ħʲôûչ֡ҲվҶһߡ
Щ˴ǿҶ޷硢ʱķɣԼҶܹȡʤ
۷׷ףһЩΪӮģҲ֧Ҷģ˫˭Ҳ˵˭ֻܽĿͶ߿мսˡ
𵴵У貵Ӱ·磬䲻ϣ˴ײһĴ죬춯أס
䣡
ȭȭӣ·ײһĳضսޱȾң
ӿֳĿԪͬӿĺˮ಻ƵֹǺ嫵̫ͬŵս壬һȭƬ񷶼Ҫˣǳ¡
ضڲǵÿһ𵴣޵еϢʹ˶ܵһɿµѹȸУг
𾪣һȭҪǻϣһٸǶס
˵ѾǱȼǿˡ
ұΪ޷˾תս壬Ĵǿû뵽Ҳǿ󡣡Ҷ˸ͬųҫ۵Ĺâ޵еϢѹ
תսȻǿ󣬵̫ѣ幦ȻȲϾתս壬ȴ۷壬֮ľתսֻǿţս죬һƬ𵴡
˵ʤ֮磬һȭҶһȭͷϺֱðһɼ˳ȭͷƬ񷡣
УͻȻ˴ѩ޾ĺΧʮﶼˣ춼ѩޱ𺳡
һ̣Ҷ·ѩ֮Եʥַ˫ȭ裬֯ѩ⣬һƬңͬı棬Եӳһо
ǿĺȭ⣬ɱ¾ⶼҶʲôʱôǿȭ⣿
һ˶ʱҶЩѣһ϶𾪣ǻǵһ֪ҶȭҲô
ıսȭѾӽɣ¾Ҳֻ벽֮ң
ԭΪҶ콫ҪŵڿͨȭҲܽŰ
ܹܶһ־־磬Ѿ˲ˣҶʱ̣Ȼܽ־ֵز츳Ⱥ

۷׷ףȫ̾
֪Ҷ̫Ҳǿ̶ֳȣ治֪θ롣
˿˿µĺ⣬ӣߵ嶼Ƭһ𶳽ᡣԶԶȥ߷·һǳˡ
ҶѪħҪɱһ˲䡪
ߵĵһ֮µĽâһƬǿѹױȵƣնҪ˺ˡ
ߡҶһѪħųҵĹâһԪУʹõâ緢һǧɡ
ԶԶȥһգ񷣬ƥ𺳡
䣡
һ£ͬ񷣽٣𵴣ղµĽγ籩ŰƬռ䣬ҶɱС
Ҷȫâתսе˼£޾ѪѪħ汬һƬ޵УƺƵѪ˶ûˡ
أ
ߵͺȣһ˺Ѳ񷣬ս˫貵⣬еһɢź嫵ѹΧѪ
ѪնҶٵӭϣޱߵѪ֮оһѪɫ˳ҶĵâɱȥѹȸС
䣡
ؽԾⷽռ䶼ǲӳһ˿˿ƺеĲˣֹƺƵ
˼ҽ棬ÿһ۷壬޵еϢõ˳ѹȸУǿⷽؼ
һǽߣһǵаǶ뽣ݻ˼£Ϊ뵶ҲΪ̾
ݴ½޾Ҳݴ½ϲʲôǷ۱ʮ˹ȷƵϽ뵶ˡκȻ˵ͷ
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Ҷ̧ѪħѪɫݻޱߵɱϯأõһƬģµѹ񷡣
սе˰ȻҶֶξһ㶼ûءʩչһ̤ƽţѸƶ԰˸λмնɱȥ
һ˲䣬˿նǵâ˸ޱߵĵ˲񷣬糤һĵâ
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䣡
һĽâϱϣֱ񷣬ա
ɺƴĽâǰеĵ޷ȫ֮УػָһƬ
ʽҶ𣬵ڣòߵǿ󡣱˿ûѪħĻ˭ʤ˭һء
û뵽Ҳ̤޵о磬Һһֻǿ̤ѣĻѪħҲĶ֡Ҷ찵Ҳѡ
ھ޴̫ͼǰĽâ˶֣һʮֻʣɡʽ޵зλһĵһˣüͷеɵѡ
ֱһǡ߰޲ѣѾҶʵĻܶԷȻյĽܻǲʤ
ڣ޵зҶӮȴҪһЩˡ
䡭
ιߵ޵нâʽҶȴûһȥʹܵ˲ơ
ƶԽԽ
Ҫˡսˣɵһ𺳲ѣѵݺᱱʮ˹ߣ
ʱһ䣬һɿֲĽų˲䣬嶼һӨ͸ľ񽣣ɢҫ۵Ĺâֱٲ񷡣
˽һ
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392 췽ҹ̷
˻
˵һ˽һһ߾磬һܹˣ統УҲܹ˽һ
潣һʵȫýĹԴﵽ۷塣
˵ڵڹ棬ȫǳԽҶ죬ﵽһĳ̶ȡ
ߵĹѾǿһ޵Ӳӡ
˽һܳ߼ȼѪһûڶʱڻɱҶ죬ô䶨ˡ

۷׷ףصؿŸ߿еս
ڵѾǳˣ߹ǵ£ҶֻҪܹסĹϵ˳˽һ״̬Ӯˡ
ͬĵ˳˽һ֮ǰֻҪɱҶӮˡ
˫һﵽ۷壬һﵽ۷壬Ϳ˭ʤһˡ
˶ɴ۾ޱصؿһս
˽һ״̬£˶Ϊһ񽣣ſµĽâҶ켤
ٶȴﵽ˼ޣҶ޷ͬʱһӴѹݺݵҶ졣
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ԼʽҶ컹Ƿǳĵģų޵зͬ߻ܣ˽һҲС
գҶʮС뱬ƵԪѪħй롣ȻʩչʽӴ̫ͼʱǰ
䣡
ƴƥĽâݺݵײ̫ͼ棬ҵĹâʱ̫ͼ汬ء
ͬʱֲȥǿµĳΧĿռ䶼Ҫ˺ˡ
˲䣬Ҷ˱ܵһɾ޴̫ͼ洫ݺݵغ档
ʱתսﵽ˵Ҷ죬Ҳоȫһۣܵ޴ĳĴײȥ
Ȼ̫ͼķҲ߸˳ȥ
˫һ񷣬һء
һҶ㵲ˣǵѪҺ˫һŵ棬ٶȳ񷡣
ϧҶʢϳţʽ޵зʤĽ
ȣ
˫ȭһգͣڸ߿գؿҶ죬ٶ˽һҶ켤
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˫һεɳȥѪ磬ȻҶܵ˺ҪһЩ
ǣȫ֮ߵ˽һ״̬Ҳʼȶˣ˶²⣬߿䶨ˡ

ŭȫ˼£ʹ嶼ʼˣǿҶɱ
Ҳܰܡҧ˫֮УųĽâµĽ⣬ϯأһ˵궼ս

һ˲䣬еĵ̲סȻһֶϲ񷣬߻һһҶɱȥ
áɫһ䡣
κȻٻҲɴ۾𾪡
˽һһ硪򽣹ڣ
˭Ҳû뵽ؼʱ򣬾Ȼͻƣ嵽˽һĵһ硣
˽һǽһ߾磬߾ҲּΡ
һ磺򽣹ڣ
ڶ磺£
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ܹĿռ䣬һ˿˿ѷ죬·Ҫ鿪һ
ȻߵĹѾӽܳܵļˡ
˵ߵĹѾﵽܴﵽļޡ
۹ԣ߾Ѿĵزۺʵܹôһˡ
𺳣ʮ˹ѾܶûеˣѵҪ
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ŶϯĿ½⣬ԼĵҶ˫һ࣬ȫȫ
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Ҷ˵գ˻һѪ⣬ȻѪħںһֳһѾ񵶣ɢ޾Ѫ
һ֮Уɷ죬棬ſµħһǺ
˵һ
ս˶ʱ𾪡
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ңҶ˵һ״̬֮£ʩչʽ޵еķӲصסߵľһ
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˲صߣҶȴǺöˣѪħ߲ĵĿУһն¡
Դˣ۷֮ս
Ѫħ㲻ҵĶ֣ؿһҶ죬ֻüһ仰ʧ硣
ҶѪħǵѪҺĿʧ
ҵȷѪħȴˣֻżҽʮѪħҲܻ㡣Ҷš
ߵȷһµĶ֣սͻƣҶЩǿһ֡
ҶȻĻܶԷ

¡¡
һǵĵҶȡʤΪӮҡ
һʱʱУд꿡ܣ˳ȥ
ҶҲصԭĵط˫ʱÿʯοضг֮ɫ
ܲΪ츳Ȼȡʤò˵ҾˡʯЦŵͷ
Ҫ֮λһ㡣Ҷ쵭ЦûΪȡʤϲã֪Լһ첻ͻʮͲ֮ܶλ
ΪһսҶҪߡ޷硢䡢桭е꿡ܡ
һߣҶѹټĴߺ콾Լ꿡ܣǼôˣҶ䶨ˡ
Ҳܹ㣬ž칬û䣬ѧ伮µĳ֮УǱʮ˹ûǿġʯ̾
ңϹһսɵĻٻ̫ǿˣ˶ܵ˾޴Ӱ죬ԱЩٳš
ҼǵãϹʱ򣬾칬һλӣһλǿ߼սܣΪһ档
ʯĿг֮ɫĻȴҶͫһ
ʲôһսܣǰڿЦ̫˰ɣҶɴ۾š
ôҿԸߣţϹʱݴ½ɲֹһǺͶ˷ʥе񡣡ʯƳҶһۣЦ
ôܡҶҡҡͷһĲš
ʡ̫ԶˡһܹѾ˲ˣôһս
ֱ췽ҹ̷


393 Ϲ
ʯĻҶǳ𾪡
֮Ҳʮ磬ôսƽ֣
ڱʮ˹ʷϣֹǿҲܹɱһλһǿ߶ѡ
һǿߣⶼʮǿˣôһСսģ
ȻҶҲ֪ʯǲƭԼġ
Сӣһ⣬СܹԽսʤ֣Ҷ첻ŵɫʯȻʵ
Ҷһ£˵ļɣ
ʮСԶϣƿΪҶǿһѪħǿҲΪҶǿһ
ȻʽĿֲˣҲΪҶǿһ
УҶ־ǿͬǿߣټϾתս壬ЩҲǿһΪ
ҲֻΪˣҶżűȼһʵǿԵסһ۷ǿߵȫһ
ļҿûаɣСӽѪħҲȥˣҪ˵츳ѪħãǵأʱԷҲѪħһս𣿡ʯҡͷЦ
ǾֻҶЦ֮ɫǺˣֻб츳ʵʼջᱻ̭ġ
ҲֻǿѣСӵ츳弶ܹԽսʤ֣Ҳһˡʯ˵
ҶڨڨһЦ
ǰ𣿡Ҷ챻ʯˣ̲ס⡣
֪ϹʱΣ֪ϹʱԽսʤֻ֣ǿŵżʯ۾˵һҶ𺳵Ļ
ǰɡϹʱţѵҲԽսʤ֣Ҷ𾪵ĵɴ۾

ʯ˵ͷ˵Ǿ칬˵Ǿ칬ŴʥʥӣÿһԽ߼սʤֻ֣дﵽżܳΪʥʥŮ
ߡ߼Ҷͫһ𾪵˵
ҶԽ߼ôھܹļǿˣʵȫԺɨʮ˹ˡ
ֲ̫ˡ⻹𣿡ҶˣôҲһӵɫţôôԶ
뵽ԼϹʱ棬ҶԼڻǿЦ̫λˡ
Сӣ˵Խ߼ֻͱ׼ʵϣǾ칬ȫʢʱڣЩʥǿԽżʮġʯٶ׳һը
ǰ㻹ֱ˵ϹʱܹԽټɣҶԿЦǱˡ
Ϊż߼Ϊ۷壬ʮΪǿħ򡣡ʯȣ֮ɫ
ʮǿ˻ô࣬ôħʲôҶ̲סʵѾױˣҲܴˡ
Ҳ֪˵һǿս״̬Ҳ˵һ߾磬Ҳ˵֮֮һֻħ̤򣬷޷ӣԱΪħ򡣡ʯü͵Щģ
̫ʥһλʥ˵ÿһ̤ħ֮УʵǿʮűѾ޵ˣսǿʮűһʲô
½ǿһֻɱģҶ𺳵˵̽һЩʵˣֱ󰡡
Щ̤ħľţҲǿʮűսҶ漴ʵ
ǹõģǲ̤ҪһЩԵ˵ʲô̼Σʱ̱߼ȷŭʱ򡣡ʯ˵ͷ˵
ܹԽʮˡҶ̾ϹʱжôǿˣֻǴﵽϹŵż
칬ĴУӮ֮λҪǱϹʱ֪»ЦǵĴɣҶԳЦЦ
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ˣ޲𣿡Ҷʵʵ֪ϹһսʲôΪʲôǿľ칬û䣬֪ʯǲԼġ
ȻԣӮս˱һ۷壬ֻҪΪԽǿ󣬱ʮ˹ԺűԽࡣʯͣһ£˵
ң»֪һţԶԶǰˡ꣬ʦѪħʥ̤칬ʱҲֻ߼ѣΪѾΪ֮λʱǶôˡ
ʯҶ죬Ц˵˵һôǿǿѪħʥɾʥ֮λ˱ˡԺҲܳΪʥô˾ͻǿˡ
֮ڴ˱ԺʵԽǿܴԽǿǱʮ˹ĺҲһԽǿǿԽ࣬һ죬ָ۷ʱ̡
ʯϳڴ
һŬģҶȻʯһ֪Լϵĵжôˣڤڤ֮УѾͱʮ˹δϵˡ
ȻԽξԽ󡣡Ҷ찵̾
ΣҶ첢ûпܣһǱʮ˹ˣε˱񡣴⣬ֻҪǿˣûҶҲǿģĿûʲô
СӣʱҲԱӶģԺţһҪǡֻǵˣҲΪıؾ֮·ʯȻѵ
ҶһɵʵұǻˣҲʧһЩ𣿡
Ȼÿ˶ˣÿսذܣô˵˾ͻľԺĳɾͺޣǵõʲôĻʯ˵
ǰϹһսǱûôݴ½ʲôӰҵ˼ǣݴ½ûпܵ˵̤ħľšҶʯϢԺ֮·á
ӰеģǺܴҪ֪ݴ½ǹ̶ġǱ˽ˣһط˾ͻǿҪ뽫ĳɾͺܸߣһҪݴ½Щ棬ǧʧܡսģġʯ˵
ô˵ڵ츳ݴ½ֱһҶԣʱ䣬Ǳߵ츳ˣݴ½طһ㶼ûб䡣
ʧˣȿĽɣʤߣǷǳġʯƳҶһۣЦ˵
Ŷ֮ܲܶλͿһεĽˡҶԣ۾һʱʧ֮лָ
ʲôǿţֻҪǿʵһ죬һǵġ
Ҷа뵽
ҵĽʲôҶָţ̧ͷʯ
Ӧ֪Ǿ칬Ϊ˲ԳӵˣŽģҲ⣬ҪԼȡԼĻԵˡҲ鵽ŴʥĴҲ˵ҲֻõһƷʯһжˡʯ˵
ǰɡòÿζ˰ɣ
Ҷԣʱ
ƶصľ칬ǰҶǰѣǳԱ˳ţҲó


394 СŲƷ
Ҷ찵̭֮ʣʯȡһת̣Ҷ˵Ǹֻ࣬Ʒȫˡ
ϧˣûѪҶɨһۣƷһ֪ôûпƿѪܲãеǳʧ
һԵʯҶֱ飬ɵЦСʲôɫĶɱ֮ǰ˵пҪǿˡ
ٺ٣ǰ󣡡ҶڨڨһЦ
ʯҡҡͷ漴ָһ˵㿴ֻҪ鵽׼Ϊһȡ֮λ⡣
һ˻Ҷԣһֻ۾ʱҲƲˡ
СӣٿʯЦһ󣬽ָƵһɫҩ棬˵䵤ǲеϤ
ⶫʲô𣿡Ҷ۾һʵ
ǺǣСӹȻԹ䵤һƳġʯЦ˵
ô˵ֵҩҲ־Ҷ۾ʱˣģҪǵõŵҩôҪһܽˡ
ˣŵҩ㲻һɵ־һһСΪʯ˵ͷ˵
˻Ҷʱеͼˣż䵤ôʮ۷壬־Ҳﵽɾ磬Ͼܽˡ
Ԫսףⶫķǳǿһʵ仯ܹκι߳ʯٶָһɫսס
˼ǣֻҪۼ𣬶ԷϵᱻԪս߳ɣҶ𺳡
̫ţ˰ɣʽ٣Ҫսףʩչʽվ߹߶κβ
ſɽնһ۷似һʮʽܹԲ磬սԿ
ɫɫһǳǿĺȭⱬԽնɱ׾١

ʯһؽıҶ˫ȣ۾ͨ죬Ķֱ
ЩûһǷƷһıһȥʮ˹
ҶǷˣѡһˡ
⡭ǰмγȡĻ᣿ҶЩȲʵֻ۾ȴǽǰĴת̡
ΣС˵ó֮ǰһֻһλᡣʯЦȡ֮λһγȡĻᡣ
ǺãҪ䵤ȻԪսסնɫļֵߣĿǰ˵䵤ҪҶ룬˵
СͦҲҪõУСҲһ롣û䵤ԺҲܽα˷λᡣʯЦ
û°Ӯսǻһλʱٳ鵽Ԫս׾ˡҶٺЦ
õɣóפյСӡʯЦŴߴٵ
Ҷԣʱˣǿפյ˵һߣбõˡ
ȻⲻפյҪֻ֪ҪפյפഺҲ˥ϣʱ근ʮӡ
פյЩŮջжôǿˣҶȴǲҪҪʵò
οֻҪʵǿˣòһ˥ϣЩʵһӣһЩʥҪᡣ
ǰפյõݴ½ǼֵҲܸߣеļ
ǣҶҪһЩܹǿʵȡ֮λı
Ԫսסɫ䵤С
챣ң㶼ػ˵ڶͼȥɡ
ҶŴת̣һ󰵰Ȼ͵תָ롣

ҶһָѸתһƵģڴת漫ת
Ԫսס䵤ɫЩһָǰѸת
ʱţָٶҲʼˡ
ԪսסԪսסԪսסָٶȿʼʱҶа߶ͣ
ɲǰ׳գĻѡ䵤ԪսײıҪ֪ⶫܹһֱõۼ
͵ıﻤ壬ټʽ޵зҶԺһСǿǿԼսܲˡ
ıﲻҪҶȥҪ䵤
ʯԣû䵤ҶҲڲõĽ硣
ңǿıףҶͬɵض֮λʮ˹Ĺûвˡ
һβûгȫҶ죬ǸָմԪսתͣһص档
СŲƷ
Ƿġ
ò˵ҶͷĵԵֻǴһλ÷ˡ
СŲƷҶȴԵ÷ǳ⡣
Բ֮Ųƣ£ҪⶫʲôӳԱû¸ɲŲƣֲŵۣ
Ҷݺݵذһ£޲ԼƣʵּȻѡפյҪ߶ˡ
ôСһ˵ӣǲǲˣʯһҶ죬ɵЦŴȤ
ϾͱЦˣҲáҶЦҡҡͷоŮûվߡ
ߣСϹˣǱôͲһ㡣ʯԣһ
ţǰСŲƷ˵ôãҶ۾һɵڴؿʯ
ϸãʯԴߵ
ҶʱСŲƷûⰡˣֻڷԲŲƣ֮⣬һôûа
Ҷ벻ףɵɻؿʯ
һûˣλƳСŲƷǰ֪룬Իһ㡣ʯҶɻı飬ɵ̾Ϣһ
ⶫǿƵģҶЩ𾪣ȴɻǿûּ߸ʲôѲɻʲô
ϻ̺˿ռһֻдﵽ𾳽磬ռһʯ
ˣҶԵͷ͸˵𾳽磬һռ˲ƣĪڶĽѡ
ϧⶫ˲ƣҶҡҡͷǿĺô
ž
ʯʵˣݺݵҶͷһƣߵСӣúһ룬Σ׷ɱͶ·ʱСŲƷô
䣡
ʯĻͬһžף˲ҶԺը졣
԰
֮·һ·ƽ̹Ժҿ϶ΣյģʱСŲƷô͵ڶһ
СŲƷڷԲ漴Ųƣؼʱ̿԰Ҷǿǰⶫļֵɹ
Ͼ似ǿҲȲҪ
ֻлţʵ۷壬ˣʲôûˡ
ҶʱһȻ֪ת棬ֻСŲƷĶ


395 һս
ϧСŲƷãĿǰҵİҪȡ֮λѰ
֪СŲƷĺôҶȻǳˣЩź
ϾⶫֻΣյʱҪǿʵı
СӣѾﵽż۷壬پһµ֮УʮѾԶˣʱпͻơ
ʯ˵ȵսʱ㻹Խ磬ʱֻҪʱ䣬Ҳڹؼʱ̽ʮ
ĿǰҲֻˣϣһүվߡҶҲ⣬ƾڵʵֵܵסЩ꿡ܵ֡
սʲôʱʼ
Ҷ漴ʵ
Ȼϣһʱ䣬óûʮ
ȻʯĻȴϣˡ
ʱ䣬úõһ̬ȴյĴսʯҶļЦ˵Һܿ㣬̫ʥѾûдˣϣܹڲõĽ̫ʥ󡣡
һģҶ˵ͷȻйâ˸š

ʱ䣬գۼ
һ칬ʥʱҶ֮У۾
ڿʼˣ
ҶмĹâŵķɣžȥʧһƬããĹâ֮С
Сӣϣܹɹо仰ûи㣬Ǳ֮ӣˣΨָܰ۷ˣ³Ϊ񶼲С
ʯҶıӰڡ
硣
ų֮Уÿһ֮߳һӰһɫء桢ȣȻۼһĿңң̫ǡ
û뵽߾ȻܸҶ죡
׵
Ӧýбˡ
ȵ뿪칬±ػᴫ£ʮ˹Ҫˡ
һ漣һ棬ܹ֤һ̣֮
˵ʵȻ֪ܣһϣܹ֮λ
ϧй涨һսˮһлҪԼʵ

ǳУɽ˺۷׷ף
ȻҶܹȡʤߣһϢе꿡ܸе𺳲ѡ
Ҫ֪ڱʮ˹һ߾һεĴɽֻ޷ʵǡ
Ȼ죬ɽȴǱһ顭Ҷ죬˱ʮ˹һʱ
䣡
Զ̫ǣһɫĹ̫е꿡ܵĿ⡣
Ŀ֮£һɫǳ۵꣬ӹ֮߳
ĿǳͬеѪħһż֮䣬˸Ѫɫ⻪˲ڡ
һ֮ƣ̫ǡ
λҶƱҪ֮λǿԸһ֮Ҷ쿪ڣƽ㳡
һ˲䣬̫Ƿˡ
ҵȱص߾ȫ
ĳģһס̫ǣսһ̡
Ըһһʱ

㳡ϣ꿡ܴһгܡ
һ˼ʱ̣Ϊ̫ǵһԱΪҶеԺ
һ̣ûй֮ļ϶˶ͬһ꿡ܣǶϣҶܹ֮λ
ҲڲõĽǿԶ󱲽һ£ӣүүű֮λǱʮ˹۷һ̡
һǣ
̫Ǳ۷սʱһǵһ꿡ȴƽǶĬĬؿų¥ϵߡ
ˣ
ǰ˭Ҳû뵽Ϊʮ˹һĵһˣ߾Ȼˡ
һǵڶ꿡ܣЩѽܡ
ֻһǵ꿡ܣǽĿǣȴһǡ

ãߵ³֣ȳ̫Ƿȥ

ƽ̫ǣ
Ҫ֮λܣ
һһ꿡»ָʿ󣬳̫ǳ
ͬʱе޷磬аսе䣬Ҳ̫ǳ
û뵽߾ȻˡҶ죬һ죬һ㣬ϴˢ裡ؿһ̫ǣӿٶȣ˳ȥ
ţȴ֮УҶ죬츳𺳣ֻû뵽ɳô죬׷ġ޷۾һУڵ˸ſµĹâ
ǣ֪߱ҶܵϢҲ𺳡
һ߾ȻˣҶ죬㵽һʲôˣԽԽȤˡ氵뵽
ΪĴ֮һҶΨһһûнӴˣû˵һ仰
ǰҲûаҶ˭Ҳû뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼߣʵ˴۾
ԡҶĺĺء
֣Ǹô죿
ԶκȻٻŴ󲿶ӣһ̫ǳ
ô죿涨ƣֻܶҶֳ֣˵ʱҸᣬҶ׾ٵɱǾˡٻЦ
ͬڵһսսǲˣ˶빥̫ǡ
ƾҶֵı£ɱȻ׾٣ɱ˸ı䲻ʲôҪҶֵʵκȻҡҡͷ˵
ѰߵҲǰһǶǴﵽһ۷壬ܹһҲһʮ򰡣ٻ̾
Ҫ֮λʵ̫ˡ
ΪһΣҶҪųǣʮĴлĴߣ콾һǿߡ
ҶȻ֮ǰߣʵҲڲ֮䣬˫ս˭ʤ˭һء
һսҶΨһƣ̫ǵ󷨷Ǽ̵ĳǽ
ʱ䡭
̫ǵĳУָŵͼ̫ͼ˵ʮˣΪʮС飬ÿ˴һǧˣǽšҶִǧˣûˣǵѹ
һսǲҪܶԷֻҪʱ䡭ʱԽãԽ
տտض˵
˵Ŀ꣬ҪӦǳţǺѵסɽüͷ˵
տطɣҶԣ˵
һƽӣ˶оıʿ
áŽˣҪ̰ɱУסżɡ˵ͷ漴ѵ
ҶԵ˵ͷҲ֪һս֮սǹ֮սؼһء֡
λҲҪ̫ѹһطֻҪڳȥˣʮӺ²μսǵĻỹǺܴġ쿴˻ǷǳţЦ
֮ǰĲһһֻҪ̫ǵڳȥôֻҪڸشʮӣԼμս
֮ԷҪȥˣҪ˳칬ԣӮĻܴ󣡡ɽҲЦŸ͵
ǿһЦݡ
˭֪һսѣϾǰ߶ܹ
ôǶȫԸ
Ҷڣ˶վȻһ
սʤ
սʤ



396 ս
̫£ʮ꿡ܱٳ£ƻֺꡣ
ߡ޷硢䡢桢ٻκȻ껡ȣλһ۷ǿߣվ˵ǰңңų¥ϵҶ졣
ҶҲڿЩˣЩ˿˵Ǳˣǲˡ
ڣЩ˶Ķ֣Ҫһ֮ԿЩˡ
һܴս˵սҶû뵽һ죬Ҫͱʮ˹һΪս
Ҷ죬׼𣿡޷Ŀһų¥ϵҶȵ
Ҷ˾еѪħ˵ͷ
˫սֻΪǶԹûôŭ
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ȻҲ⣬䣬ЦҶ죬ҿ㻹Ͷ˰ɣһ˵Կˣʵ
°ܽ£ҶԵ˵
ʱòѪܸҶһĳ裬һҶ죬ǲϴˢ衣
ߣ⣬ȳ֮ҿ㻹ôţһ漴һָµ꿡ܿʼǡ
ɱҶȵ
һ̫꿡ܣʼ˵Ĵ£ڳǽϣɱһ꿡ܡ
󷨵ػ̫ǵȻռݾԵƣֻܹ󷨣ȴܹˡ
˵Ĺ£󷨵ǿȣҲڼٵؼ
Ҷ״æǧˣʼĴɱЩ꿡ܡ
ְɣǻʲôѵİ֮λø䳯ߡ޷˺ȵ
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ٻκȻʱһЩ鲻ԸعǹıȽƽûôŬȻڡˮ
Ȼˣ˵ġˮ֮£Ҳǲģǳ¡
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Ҷ״ʱףȥ̫ǵֵһʱͱƳˡ
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Ҷˣ
칥
һ˵ֵסˣ
һ꿡ܶʱ𾪣漴æҶ죬ΨٻκȻȻڲ᲻صع̫ǣûҶ졣
Ѫն

ҶȵһǣʱսȫɱЩ꿡ܡ
ⲻǵȺսҶ첢ûߡ޷ǿߣרɱЩսµ꿡ܡЩһһնɱһƬǳɡ
ߵҲɵӣͷӦ޷硢桢ˣһȥҶ졣
̤ƽţ
Ҷ콫̤ƽʩչ۷״̬ٶ죬һ磬Ⱥ֮Уʱ貵һոΧЩ꿡ܵ
ߵ˵ĹҶܱܣܲʩչʽ
ߵĹҲκβҶ죬ֻؿҶԼǰɱһλλ꿡ܵ
Ҷĳ֣һ꿡ܶʱңҲ֮ǰôĹ̫ǣʹ˵ѹࡣ
ϣҶֵܹʱ䳤һЩ
Уɽ˿漤ɱеҶ죬
ʱҶ죬߸˿һʱпܱɱԷǳΣգҲֻĵ
֣
У޷һƱֲ֣ĥϢҶշѹȥ
ǿ䡢ɫʱһ䣬֪޷ѾԽԼӽҶˡ
ͬĴ֮һʱܲģ˸Ա۷սΧɱҶ졣
ɱ
űΧҶ죬û˿ԥʩչ˽һҶչɱһ
һ죡Ҷһ̣ﵽ۷壬ٶ죬˲ͳǰһݺ¡
Ͷȥɣ
Ҷһﵽ۷壬Ƕ֣һǿѹˣг˻֮ɫ
ͬʱ޷͹ĹҲҶѾ׼ʽסˡ
ɡҶɣеѪħĵâһ롣
䣬ûȿսãѪħµߡ
뿴һĻĹ棬ʱ𺳣һ˿η
޷磬ĿǸӵˡ
Ҷ죬һʱĹڳҶҵʱ٣µĽ˺Χգһɾ춯صϮɱ
ߣʵ˲̫ˣҶһӭȥشЦš
䣡
˶޴ɳȥ
֮ǰһսһȷ½ࡣ
ҲҶԤ֮УϾһս֮ͬǰһս
֮ǰһսǱˮһսߺҶ춼ƴ߽˽һ״̬չ۷ս
һսȴһ𹥻Ҷ죬ûҪƴһսĻһûɱҶĻô˭ܹ̫ǣ
ԣһսʱȫ˽һ״̬
ȻҶҲȫһսڵסߵһ֮æź˵ӽ̫С
ػ󷨵İ׷޷͹棬ֻؿҶڳǳ֮ڣһûһ
ɶ񣡡治ŭҶ졣
ʿ½ĺ޷ɨΧһۣ΢΢ü̾
Ҷ˷ðǣȻһɵսǳԻ͡
ô̵ʱڣҶɱ꿡һǧˣлһĴ֮һ䡣
֮ҶȴûܵһƣǺķԪֻҪϢƬ̾ͺˡ
һ˫ʿǼظı䣬̫һʿ񣬸˷ܡ
ǵ꿡ǣ䶼ôˣʱʿ󽵣ֶ˺ܶࡣ
ãɵúã
ӭ˷ܵؿҶ졣
ϻ˵ϻָԪ»ҪȥɧǡҶȴɫأ͵شָԪ
ղôɧɱߵ˴ܣô̵ʱڣ㳬ĸɣķѵԪȻܴ
ãԼСĵ㣬ɧţǾͲȫǣǵѹʱࡣЦŵͷ漴Ҷ죬˼سȥˡ
ʱأ˴ӸعĴ
ŵƣټϸղҶһسɶˣʱһ޿κΡ

칬⣬һڵȴϱǿߣ۷׷УʱһЩ꿡ܱ˳ͷɥӡ
Щ꿡ܶˣǵһսˣǰ࣬ߵʵǰ˶ʱ˵
ôȥˣߵʵȻֻǲ֪һΣ׵ȡʲôΣ֪ûгĴ֮С档
ȥʲ֪ˡ顣
ʵϣѾס꿡ܣѯ顣
ʲôҶߣڳ֮λ
߾Ȼˣ
ľѩ˺ʥʥŮ츳Խߣ˻
ľѩ˭ôǰû˵
߰ˡ׵ʮ˹Ҫˡ

һϢ˳꿡дʱ칬Ĺ㳡ϣƷ˵һ㣬һƬȻ


397 
칬Ĺ㳡ϣһһ˵Ϣʱɽһ㣬ڲѡ
Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ҶĳɾôߣȻߣһʱ
һϱǿߣǳ𺳣оʮ˹Ҫˡ
ʱ䣬Ҳ߳˾칬ؿһ۾칬ɭȻЦܹ֮λҲ߳
˵գ˾ɵĿУһȥ
ôͰˣ
ʵҶԶˣȻôҶС
ҪҶл֮λ¾Ҫ߳ĴߵС

˸̾׷ס
˭Ҳûע⵽һЩΪϱǿߣʱȴͻȻ뿪Ӻܼ
ţִ󽭹ȴϢģսûнô뿪ʲôһߺȻؿһ߳Ӱ
ߣܸʲôƥﻳҶˣҪӢšԱһߵ
˻˼ǣ߲ǱԶʱȻгļ¡
ǿϹʱĴУ㱱ʮ˹ĹҲ̰ѣµȵҶͻйˡ̾
ϧˣòǱʮ˹һ𣬽ȴ䵽³겻ѡ
˭ĳأߣ޷䣬ܱסˡҡҡͷ
ڳֹףһЩϱǿߣھһ˼֮󣬶ҶΣռ١
׹һЩǿߣҲӻϲ֮оѹȴ֪ʲôֻȻȥ֪ͨ׹ˡ
Ȼ칬󽭹ȵ׹һжˡ

磡
Ҷ֪ɱȥЩˣѾ˾칬ĵ𣬶𣬻Ѹٵӵʮ˹
֪Σա
ʱҶһĶս֮Уʱسǣնɱһλλ꿡ܡֱԼԪķѵĲ࣬߱ߵ˱ȵͶ·ʱӻ̫ǻָ
Ҷָ֮£᧿Σ̫ǣȴӲʱ䣬һ˾춼ûй
ɶ̫ƻˡ
Ҷһӽ̫ǣŭض̫ǵػһƣйԼеŭ
һԵһǭ¿Ӳ˶೤ʱ䡣˵գȥָԪ
޷Ҳ˵ͷ֮ڣ󷨾ͻˣʱ̫Ҳ

Ҷðȷһս˳Ƶʱ䡣
ǣԷϾǿָԪʱ򣬶ԷȴҵعŻ󷨡
ʱ䣬㹻̫ǵػشٽˡ
޷Ĺƣ󷨾ͻᱻˡ
Ϣ̫ڵҲǳ
ӭҴҸϻسǵҶ죬Щǵ˵Ҷ֣̫ǵܴأµסʱˣΪչΣ
ҶʱɫЩ԰ףʱðǣԽˡ
Ͼ˵һ⣬ûвµҶôҶ˺ܴ˺
İ죬ȴ׼ʹҶԽԽѣʱ޷ӽ
Щս֮УҶ첻ԪķһһҲķѺܴ󣬼ֱƣˡ
ôǿ֮·Լ壬۷սҶΪкô
ҶѾģģظӦʮˣоʮֻһĤʱпͻơ
ԣĻҶŵ˵ģ֮ڣһʮ
òô˵Ϊֳֻţܸġ
һ̫ǵԱŲĻţʹ̫Ȼ̡
ã㣬̫ǽң㰲ĻָΪһҶ˵֮󣬱ת̫ǡ
ʱ̫ǳǽϵսԽңΪ赲̫ǵ꿡һȫƴˡ
ÿʱỵ̈Ҷ춼ܿ˴Ӹ߳
ϣҶ֮⣬졢ɽڵһ̫꿡ܣѾˡ
ҿ磬Ҫʵ磬¼Ҷ֮λҲһ¼ҹˡ
Ƿģһʧģ
ųǽƴ꿡ǣҶбҵ⡣
⣬󲿷꿡ܶ죬Ǵ˿ȴΪһƴˡ
ҶԴг˸ж
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֣޷빫Ҷ졣
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ߣһ̣˭ʤ˭һأҶһûм߲һ˽̫ǡ
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Ҷ쿴һĻһĺݺݵرһ£û뵽Щô׳ҡΪܹɱһЩˣǾȻȥԱ¿ûиĻᣬֻܱ칬߳ȥˡ


398 
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ܹսڣĳ޺ˡ
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ɶ񣡡׷ȥȴ̫ǵ󷨵ס
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⣬ȥڣػ󷨾ͳŲסˣҲ֪ҶʱͻƣƳһȻ۾Ҷ죬ٿػ󷨣һ˫üͷ֮ɫ
֣ǿֵסˣҪʵһƻˡʱɽơФɽϼ»ʮС鳤˹
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ǽϵ꿡ܣΪʮС飬ʮС鳤Ĵ£ųǳȥ
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ҪԱ𣿡ɽѯ졣
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ʱܿ쵽˰˵Ԥϣߺ޷ƴ֮£ػڵ˱ʱ
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ʱرɫ飬ֲѪɫâߵһû


399 
ͷҶͻˣǹɿֲƣͬһǣֱϮ֮ϵ̫ɢ綼Ŀֲ
ҶѪߵ˻ӳһѪնƴѪɫâǧɣһƬѪˣû˳ǵ꿡ܡ
ꡭ
ڣбѪɫâɨе꿡ܣԱնɱʧС
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ںЩ꿡ܣʵֻǱһನɱʵǵΪ̫ˣನҲǡ
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СӣҪʧˣɫһԵʯЦ
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֮ңҶһ̾ûʧʵνﵽʮ˹ǿģ²ˡ

âһ۵⣬ǳ貣ʯУ񷣬ɢһɱĿֲ⡣
ѵˣһλ˲õţɲҪûѵḧеɫʯԵЩ꣬ź
Ҷʱ֪й£ɵúʵǰ⵶˭
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Ҷ𾪣æԪǹɰĵŻʧ
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ǰҶһʱ赲⣬޷С
ڣӮսҶڲܵ赲˳ؽ̫ʥ
ö񰡣Щ̫ʥķʥ𣿡빬֮Ҷ챻ǰһĻˡ
ټĹǳڵذϣһž޴̫ͼɢŵĹԡ
ڴһ̨ϣһɫĵˣˣ꣬ŮˣǶһ񷣬䡣
Щ̵ϸĻΪһҶǳ𺳣ϸһ£мʮλ֮ࡣ
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Щ˿ɲѪħʥͨʥǶʥеǿߣ޵ʥһףľǿߡ
ϧΪǿҲֵסʱɣվûʷĳ֮С
Ҷҡͷ̾ϢЩʥǿľ˹ȥ
ֻ񣬲Ͳ壬ⷽͬ٣


400 ػ
칬⣬ʱѾһƬڣһɽһ㳡졣
Ϊڸղţ꿡ܱһͬ˳⻹㣬ߡ޷硢˶С
֮ǰ꿡Ѿ֪ս˹ؼʱ̣Ҷһ꿡ܡ
ԣڳ˶ףǱ߳ᵼʲô
ҵ۾ǻ˰ɣҶˣ
ߡ޷硢桢˶ɱ˳Ҷʵôǿ𣿡
Ǳʮ˹Ҫһλ𣿡

صһϱǿߣǲлģʲô뷨ʱ𾪣һƬ𺳡
Ҷ߶Ѿ˲ˣҶ쾹Ȼȡ֮λӣʮ˹Ҫ׷ˡ
ȻȺҲϱǿ¶֮ɫҪˣŴʥһӳλߣ±ʮ˹ʮλûһܹסջɣ
˭֪칬ĴзͬСɣõ˾ʵʵ̫ڳҲ̰ġ
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νĵ塢ӡϵȵȣЩʵǰһסЩ˵Ұġ
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ֻǿʼȵͻ磬Ҿͻ뿪ʮ˹Ҳ뿪ģʱδػߺָܿţĽͻƺܴ󣬾Ҳֻ벽֮ңȵ磬ʵӵǿ
Ҳ뿪ʮ˹ģʱһ𣿡޷Цſߡ
ҶˣԺݴ½ٰѾɣ˵գתȥʧС
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ŶҵңܺŮһͬУҲµˡ޷Ц
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ðɣʵҲϣܹ뿪һ˽ܣôȥֵ̫ˡͷ˵
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һ㣬˼кܶ࣬ȻͣȴҶ

칬̫ʥ
ҶһһǼʮЩ̫ʥȱȻ̫ʥĴߣȻҪЩ
ңҶ컹Щʯϣ¼ЩǰһЩƽ¼
Ϸ壬ӡųʷǿķʥ޵Уǿɱʥ
ƷϹĩǿʥƽնɱλʥݴӽʥ̤ħʱǿ߹ٶܡ
磬һһţױ㱬ļµ츳ʱ̤һħͬΪҫ۵ţʡۡʥʱ޵֣ųʷš

Щļ¼Ҷг𺳡
ЩˣȫƽһնΪʥһǷʥеٮٮߡ
ȣҵ츳ȷ̫Զˣѹ֮ǰ̫ʥҽҶЦӦҾ칬ûˣҪϹʱ˵Ϊ̫ʥĴߣǳΪ칬ļӶܡ
ˣЩ˵ĳɹΪ츳Ƕһ޵еǿ֮ġ
ʱ֮һɣԶźһϢ̫ʥ
ǿߣʯҪǿ𣬾ʥ
Ҷо̲סֵҶ죬֪ǰǣ
ֻ̫ʥػܣ㲻ö˵ȻΪ̫ʥĴߣǱҲҵˡ
Զһ棬߳һߴĿܣͨɫ˸ҫ۵Ĺԣһ֪ƽ
ǰкָ̣Ҷ칧һ񣬾ܶԷܿɲ὾
ɫܵ˵ͷοؿҶ죬Ц˵ܲȻ츳ܲȴӵһǿ֮ģȺʥǸǿˡ
ʥǲѩ𣿡Ҷһɵʵǰѣ֪ôˣ
ܺã㲻õģȻʱûһǿ֮ģϾ츳ȺڽܴУԺΪҪ㡣ɫ˵
ǰֻ֪ߵ츳غߵꡣ񺮱֮ʣʲôԵʣҶԴ˺ܺ棬һֱҪѯʯȴûлᡣ
ֻ꣬ӦͨߡҪ֪ǿߵĺڳΪʱӵɫꡣһߵ츳ҪʺѪһЩʺѪӵвɫܻ˵
ЩʺѪôģҶʵ
ееģеǿ͵ģеͻʱɱġ֮ţǧߵжδػһǳϡ١
ɫ˵


401 ̫ʮʽ
һ˵ѪԼȣǿߣôѪȻǿһЩĵϵϸɫ꣬츳ȺԶԶǿͬˡ
ؼ䣬Щµޣʵɲ⣬ܹлõǵľѪͬԸıʡЩ֮塢֮塢ȸ֮ȵȣõġ
ȻϹʱһЩǿķʦͨһЩıʡ
ͨɫܵĽ̸ҶʺѪһ˽⡣
ͬʱҲףӵɫ꣬Ҳ㲻ţΪݴ½ϣӵɫ̫ˡ
󣬻ҪԵѪʣȵȡ
ʮ˹ĸ̫СˣҶȻѹһΪ𡣵ɼ۵ݴ½Ҳֻܿܿеһ˶ѣʵǲֵһᡣ
ûϵ̫ʥĴУ츳УҵʵҲ׷ЩѪʵš
Ҷ˫˸š
ɫû˵Ҷӵһ޵еǿ֮ģǿĶ֣䣬ֻ᲻ϵطŬͨǿߵ·ϡ
ˣŹ̫ʮʽʽɳɾ̫֮壬ʱйϵᱻɣǳǿ󡣡ɫ˵գһָҶüġ
ʱҶһܵһӴϢԼԺС
̫ʮʽԭŹ̫ʮʽⲻǵһķܾϵʽǸǰʽıɵġ̫ʮʽͷϤĿھҶʱһС
ϣ˵صõ̫ʮʽǰݣɴ˸ıʽӶ̤޵Ρ
̫֮壬ʽķԵ̫ˡ
Ҷ֪̫֮ĸ磬һСɾ磬̫ʽɴﵽʱɵĹ
ڶǴɾ磬ʽԴﵽʱɵĹ
۷徳磬ھʽԴﵽʱ߳ɵĹ൱ڴһԪսˡ
ĸǴԲ磬Ҫʮʽܴﵽ磬ʱ̫֮ĴԲˣ˾ųɵĹ
󣬵磬൱һӵ˲֮޵С
Ϊǿķھ칬зʥ֮У̫ʥķʥࡣ
Ҳ̫ʥķʥǿģǵķ޵еġ
ʷϣ̫ʥˣ㱻ΪСǿΪҪɱһ̫ʥǿߣɱʥʮǿ߻Ҫѡ
칬ڶʥ֮Уܹǿģ̫ʥķʥռһ롣
ɴ˿ɼ̫֮ķ޵УԲ磬ֵܵǿߵһ
Ҷ쿴˰˷ܲѣ츳ΣֻҪŹԺ̫֮壬ЩӵʺѪŲ١
ˣʦ𴫸ҵѪħҲһѪħ塣ȻȲ̫֮壬ˣٽ̫֮壬ôɱҾ͸ˡҶͻȻ뵽
ѪħѪħʥԴģʥ׹еĶΣȻȲ̫ʮʽҲǳ
ѪħʥҶ˵ֻҪѪħԲ磬ô屻ٵˣֻҪʣһѪҺһ⣬ɴ˸Ʋ
̫֮ǾԵķ˵ĹԼܵ˺͡
ѪħӵһѪһ⣬Ӷ
˵̫֮ǿһЩϾܹٵ壬ôͬҲ岻ʣһѪһ⡣
Ҷܹ߽ϣôĴﵽĵز޽ӽˡ
оתս壬Ҳܹ似ɣںϣľǿߵˡ
Ҷʢ̲ס
תս塢̫֮塢Ѫħ壬ʣÿһκһԲ磬Ц£ݺһ
Ҷܹ߾ɣô츳УЩѪʵ档
Ҳҵ֮·
Ҷ¶Ĺâ
֪Լ츳ӵ꣬ҲЩ
ǣЩͿһ·ͨ񾳽硣
Ҳ·ߣҶһɹģݴ½ŰɣҶֹ֣쳹ʮ˹Ҫݴ½
ҶжԼδţտտս졣
ɫָһЩ̫ʮʽҪע⣬ԱֹҶûָ߻ħ
ϾԽǸ߼ĹΣԽǰΪ̫ʥĴߣ̫ʥʥǰֱָġ
ھ칬ûˣֻܿҶԼˣԽɫҪһЩΣյĵطָҶ졣
ڣ칬̫꣬ʮʽʱѾ¼ȱµľ飬ɫܽЩʼǣȫһ飬Ȼ󽻸Ҷ졣
һЩȱıʼοҶҲһʧˡ
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ҶЩʧԼȱһŹ似ΪΪǿѪնѾ㲻ˡ
õ̫ʮʽǶǷģתս嵽ʱ򹥷ϣ̫ˡ
ѪħʥҲûдҶ칥似
ҶҲ֪ɫ˵Ĳ츳ޣȲЩţ̫๦似ֻһŲɡ
̫ʮʽѪħתս塭ЩǶĹǳѣҶЩʱѾûжʱˡ
ԣɫܲҶ似ҲΪá
֪ˣǰҶ˵ͷξ칬֮УõĻǿߵУûҪ̰ˡ
ܺã㲢ûб⹦ɱ˫ۣǻۣ츳һЩĳɾҲúֻҪ㽫̫֮ˣûκι似Ҳκβ㡣ɫοص˵ͷ
ţǰģҲ̫ʥġҶ칧һ
дļɣˣ̫ʥʥӵƣҪúñܣⶫһУԲɶʧɫȡһ̫ͼƣݸҶ죬ص˵
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Ŷⶫ֤ݣôҶԲ졣
ǵȻˣǾ칬ȻоŴʥɱϾǾ칬ôΪ칬ĹȻҲдߡҪ֪ιɶ񼶱ǿߡɫԺ˵
԰ҲΪʲôֻоŴʥѡȡߣûѡȡأҶʱһȻ漴ʵ
ΪĴߣֱھŴʥľλѡȡģֻҪŴ󴫳һãǱſƣ칬ʥءͥɫ˵


402 Ļ
ͥǾ칬ʥأҲǹʥǿ߻ĵط˾ŴʥʥʥŮ⣬ĵӺͳ϶ûʸ̤롣
Ǿ칬ιǾס֮ͥУʼǡһЩǿ似طкܶǿνǾ칬ıء
ԴӾ칬һι֮ͥرˡõػ󷨣һλǿߣڶʱڹơԣЩͥһֱṳ̂룬ΨмϾŴʥľſƣܿͥ
һǾ칬ľŴ󴫳һãһҪֻ֮ͥͥУǲҵΪķиǾ칬
ɫɫ
Ҷ۾г𺳣ȷһ󱦲أŴʥĴֻСһ
֪Ϊ칬ʥأ֮ͥеı֮࣬»ݴ½ɡ
뵽Ҷ첻ЩɻʵǰΪξ칬ֻǱ߽룬ݴ½ѵûо칬Ϣ𣿡
ΪǱʮ˹ˣǾ칬ӵĺҲǾ칬ˣȻʸ̳Ǿ칬ɫ΢΢һЦ
˵ңǾ칬ĿĲΪ˸˾칬Ҫñ˻ָݴ½ЩţȷкܴἯŴʥĴߡǣЩ˶ߣǼ㽫ɾٸߣҲָܻˡǾ칬ûѡȡǣһ죬ܹþ칬ָ۷壬ͿԲں涨ȡӡ
ԭˣҶԻȻǺʵǾ칬ǽѵЩ߾ͲӲ𣿾޷ͥŴʥǿԵİ
ɫԹЦźԺ˵Ǿ칬ϹŴеڣڴڼ䣬ܹǿߵĽٴǿɵĽǽգǾ칬һӶûˣȻڱ˸ҷûһƣôأ
ҶԵ˵ͷȻ֪ʲôӦܹʥǿ߶ɵ
Ļô칬ṳ̂룬㱱ʮ˹Ҳߵ
ʵҶ첻֪ǣʮ˹ط·;̫Զһ·Σղϣͼ߸߼ߣطһôûС
ҪסǿɷΪ֣һǶʱ俿ǿߴǿɣһǴжǿɡǰǱһǿȥżҲʵˡ߲ǿɣɣֻһˣҲҪСĽ
ɫ˵գóһѾӨ͸Ľɫ̽Ц˵Ǿ칬Ϲʱеڣݴ½ϵ֮һղصıҲͬѶ̫̽ʥһλʥһɱһλͨʥ
˻ҶԵһֻ۾ʱѽɫĶ̽Ŀг˿
ǵ̣ԽǹϵɣԽǿԺʱһҪСЩɵĴˡ
ɫЦ˵
Ҷ˵ͷףһɵǿ󣬿ǵ̡칬û꣬һ˶ûУЩȻڣݴ½ɲ
СӣˣΪĥ㣬ⶫʱܽ㡣Ϊʱʱ̫ʥбｻ㴦áɫܿҶ˫ȵĿ⣬ɵЦŴȤ
ǰģһΪġҶʱı֤Ϊ˱ģΪ̫ʥеЩҲҪƴΪ
ˣ괫УҲ뿪칬ˡӥʼҪ߷ɵģ뿪ȥӭӸΪءϣ´οʱѾݴ½һλǿˡɫһ֣ҶоԼ²ܿƣźȥ
ǰˡҶûüк㱻ͳ̫ʥ
ңҶӻˣȥʯڳָ
Сӣúñأ̫ʥʯ֣ϣҶʧ֮С
ৣ
貵ǿգһž޴Ĺ㳡Ư֮Уһ׷ߣ˫֣վڸ̨ϣ޾ǿգ·Ƭ֮С
ȻӰھ޴Ĺ㳡ϣڸ̨ǰ
Ҷľѩ
Ҷǳѣһܵǵǲ츳ĵط
ľѩЩԺˣ˻ԴɢǿϢÿһضһҶ찵ľ
ѩΪ˰벽𣬺һǴߵҶ̾ϹʱĴɣֱʾǴ󰡡
գҶѵѩΪ̫죬ڻûȫƣȽҵСбչذɡ
ţҶ磬Сĵ㡣ľѩҲԼڵûзԣҶսСС
СӣѾ׼ҪϷˡ
ʱԭǵİ׷ߣתؿҶ졣
ҶҲλصİ׷ߣһֱܺԷھ칬ĵλԣλߡսʱҲȷƺֺܸߣ˷밡
һڵСһѾھ칬ˣа𣿡׷Цʵ飬ȻѾ֪˴𰸡
Сһǰܷģ̫ʥĴ߲ôȥġȻҶŵ˵
ӦǴ󽭹Ĺ칬ôҲ
Ҷа뵽
ľѩΪʥĴʱҶѾµֽעҪԱʮ˹۷ǿߵΧɱ
Ϊ˾칬ĴУҶô׹̰ģΪջ̫ˡ
Ϊ뵽ЩҶղŲľѩСУľѩڻû뵽Ҷٵв
ţʵϷⱱʮ˹ĸ˶вҪСĵ㡣׷ߵ˵ͷҶġ
ĸλĸ˭Ҷüͷ
ʮ˹ʮλҶ춼ĹѾﵽʵɲ⣬ҶûаնԸ
Ĺʵûдﵽ
Ҷڵʵնɱǿ߶⣬ʵѾ޽ӽˡ
ԣҶѲµĸ˭ѵʣµʮλ֮Уһλ˲õǿߣ
ҲԣЩϼһһһص˭֪˶ʵ
գҶ裬뿪칬һһطչȽٳʱͲκˡ
󡭡ʦĹһ޵ĺõطҶܿ뵽˱չصĵص㣬ǾѪħʥµ
Ӧúܰȫ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴Ű׷һ񣬺߻˻֣Ҷ뿪˾칬
Ѿٽ㣬ԭû뵽ϣܹɹҶıӰ׷һ̾г
ֻǿߣŻףӵд˵ˣ·ƽ̹ΪֻΣղܴ


403 һߵ
칬⣬һ˵Ȼغ򣬾ڸղţѾϢĴ󽭹Ѿٵ·ˡ
һϢʮ˹עҪһ첻ƽˡ
˵Ҷл𣿡ٻЩǵʵ
˵أ޷͹ڵȴκȻٻ塢껵콾Ҳڵȴ
ֵһǣ껷ǳˣԭҪ߳콾ˡҶΪ콾һˣλñøˡ
껿ɲлҶ죬ֻϣҶڴ׹¡
ѣ󽭹ǴﵽҲֻնɱһǿߡЦ
ߣ㾹СĵûߡٻԣɵһЦ
~ҺҶûʲôޣΪʲôҪɱңߵȴе㵣ǣ϶ҶûעԲûеġ
ûм껣ٻ޷͹̡
Ҷʵ޷ˣҺǲһΣҡͷЦ
޷ǳһ£Ŀһ˵ҪɱһλһǿߣҲӵһ۷ʵҶ㲻Ǵ󽭹Ķ֣󽭹Ҳκβ
ǣһ󽭹סˣôҶͷǳΣˡٻü
Ҫ֪ڿɲֹһλȻԶһ㣬Ҫʱ㹻ܹҶ뿪֮ǰ
ϣҶܹһءոմӾ칬гˣҲ֮ɫ
䣡
ڴʱһӰӾ칬֮гһǣ˲ϢС
ʱһӴϢһɺƵİ絶⣬գ캳أƥ
ǴӾ칬гҶ졣
ҶĿһɨȫʱ޷硢ˣ΢΢˵ͷǴкˡ
Ҷ֡Ҫ˵ЩʲôȴҶֹˡ
˶ʱɻ
ʱҶһЦؿŲԶգߵһλȻڰ׼͵ϮҲ˳Цߣ
ᣬڻԪ֮£칬㳡
ʱ˶ݣ㳡һƬ
ѵ󽭹Ѿ
޷Ҳ;ȵؿܡ
¡¡ľ֮ʱһѹӲԶǿµϢ·һ嫵Ĵ罵ٶ£ѡ
˶ʱһϢģǴﵽǿߡ
Сӣ͵ԸһëͷСӣֺα͵Ϯɱ㣬ͬһֻ϶ѣǳ򵥡
漴쳹ء
һӴ˫֣ȲâҫͬȵĻȼգµϢΧնڲ
ʣǴ󽭹Ĺһλﵽĳǿߡ
Ҷؿλ󽭹Ǳȴ׹ҪǿĴڣڵѾǿˡ
ľ칬սΪ˱ʮ˹һҶѾվ˱ʮ˹۷壬ǿߣҲһս
𣿴˻˵û뵽ùҲˣǵ㱻һˣǿҪЦˡҶĿӲӣＤĿ⣬ͬеѪħһâ˲ֱӡ
󽭹ǰ˫ȻеرԼжҶ죺ҵһëͷСӣֵһᡣ
šҲҸ˵Ǻη֪η󽭹ٸ߿գͬһ񣬴ӸߴҶ죬Ŀг˲мǿԪƵ嫺ֱأɢǿѹ
ߣϻô࣬ڰ̽ҵĵϸ𣿱Ͽңװ߰ԣҴ⡣˵ҲһλδҲ̫׳˰ɣҶûһʵӮսҶЦȫϢ벽ʵһ̫ɢŽɫĹâ
ԡޱߵĹâ֮У󽭹üͷһû뵽ԼļƲ߱Ҷ쿴͸ʱĿӹһ˿ء
Ϊʮ˹ôһλΪѪħ֮һλҶʵ󽭹ɲ˿С
Ҷ˵ĺܶԣղŶǴ󽭹̽Լԡ
ȷ츳ϧ磬Ӣţ»졣󽭹˵ٸ߰ţ˫ڶȴ˾ɱ⡣
𣿡Ҷһ漴ѪħʱâɣɢſֲϢ
Ȼʵﵽ𣬵ǻûնɱһλ㲻죬㿪춨š
˵գҶʮС뱬ֲԪƳ˲񷣬ⷽضѡ
ñ̤ʯˣѾ˱Ҳգ㿴ľԲࡣ󽭹ŭЦһ˲䱬ֲԪһֻȭͷ첲â˸һµ񷣬ž˵ϢҶѹ
¡¡һƬӿȣ·û磬һƬӿҵĹâ̫ʧɫˡ
ҶǳһĨ˷ܵЦݣܹǿһսһֱ飬ܹԸеޱȡ
ûٶķϻҶһʧɫµѪɫâͬһ񷣣ᴩ񷣬գƥصӭȥ
һ˲䣬Ҷʴ䣬ϣͬսʱɢһ޵еϢ£ҡ
ûκζ赲ѪɫâĴ󽭹Ҳ޷סҶһ˺ѿݺݵشһ¡
ôܣ󽭹ٺˣһ˿ɺѪҺ𾪣г˲š
ղŵһôƥôǿƣûеֵס
ΧĹս߶ˣЩϱǿߣ껡ڣһ˶ͣŵصɴ۾
õһλĳǿߣȻҶһ֮
Ҷʵôﵽʲô̶ȣ
ĵȫһʵδҲ̫̬˰ɡ
һ˲䣬칬Ĺ㳡ϣѻȸ˶ǰһĻסˡ
ʧʵ̫һˣһսûУ㶼ѪħҶ̤նѪħȡһŽɫ󹭣乭ᴩ񷣬ֱٴ󽭹
󽭹Ѫһλݺᱱʮ˹ٶ޵ǿߣȻ˵ôһǵ˵棬涼ˡ
Ҷһ󽭹ûжһȭȥȻ͹һֱ۶ʱըѣµɳȥ
ʵ̫ˡ޷𾪣òŻָһ̾
ʮû뵽ֽһﵽ˰벽ѹʵʱ𺳲ѡ
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ݺᱱʮ˹ٶ꣬ܰСУҪҲϰ
칬ĸ߿УһǱĴ󽭹Хһȫɢҫ۵Ĺâͬһɫ̫Ƭա
Ȼλݺᱱʮ˹ǿߣȫˡ
ȻҲǱҶƵġ
û뵽㻹ʵϧҲֻڣⲻһҶЦҪɱ󽭹Ҫһս£˲
룬ֻҪȵ󽭹һôλ⣬Ĺ¾Ͳ׷ɱҶˡ
ΪҶʵԱȼЩˣǳԽǡ
ɱƾ㣡
󽭹һƴͷųƻɽһ㣬ӿŰ񷣬ա
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Ҷӭϣ˫ȭӶ캳أֲĺȭ⣬أ¶ֱƬظˡ
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һ졭̤ƽšҶȫʩչﵽ۷ս״̬ɱô󽭹ڽڰˣ
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Ҷ߹˺˵һһҶɱ˴󽭹ϢϾˣٶȶͻƼޣǿˡ
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̧ͷգҶˡ
˵̰Զܵ͹Щ޷ͻƵĹһΪʵʲô鶼ó
Ҷɱ˴󽭹ȻܹһЩ壬ȴ޷й̰ġ
˵ɵĻǿ˾һҶаߡҶѪħ̤նһʧ֮С
ʱڣҶһֱڱĴתƣһ½أΪĻú͸Ĺͷⲻ
ԣҶҪǶȻûӳ󽭹ι
ȻôΣպܴ󣬵Ҷûѡ
ǳΧıҲޱߣǿ˵ȴô
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ǴﵽļڸǶ֡Ҷǿʵˡ
䣡
Ӵ־ûзŹһ纣ҶΡ
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Ӳ˵ģ˴һȻֲ־ʱʧ
ߣ
Ҷһת뿪ˣ뿪
֮һߴӰͬɫս񣬳ɢĿֲգΧĺˮˡ
Ӳģ
һҶķ׷ȥٶȷǳ졣


405 
ʮ˹ǿһֱվڱ۷壬Ǹĵط
ʱĻʹһµߣЩؿǰ
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һֱʮ˹ˣܺߵݡ
ֻٲ֪ʵ˽ӣΪεݣߵܲܣҲòĿء
Լ츳ˣС
Щ꣬һֱֲԼߵĹʧ߲飬˵Ĺϵһֱ֮С
ӣЦЦѾϰߣߴӾ칬͸ǹˡ
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ˡ˵ͷ
СŸιһһ٣ιҲȥɣ˳㱣׹˻֣ؿһƺҪģμס
أһͬؿһ۴׹ޱȼᶨ
һԾ꣬Ѿͨ˴˷ǳ˽⡣

Ҷһǣٻգ֮䡣
׷Ļ죡ҶʱأоǹӴϢԽԽٽˡ
Ҫɱңɲô׵ġ
ҶԶʣһƬɫ
ǻء
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֮УߴӰЯϢգضҶȥ·
˵ʱ򣬻ҴҶעģ϶Ĺ
һһԳλȻҲ֪Ҷܿ£ҵ
ǲ֪Ҷһ۾Ϳλһ۷ڣ󽭹һǿǳһĨЦ


406 ·
ͬʱɿµϢⷽء
ΧĺˮӿϣҼ
λǿߵƣǳĿ£γɼл֮ƣ׶Ҷȥ·
ȻҶȴһȻгЦԵúܲ⡣
СӣԹԽУǿǿһһͷףĿ䣬ǳ̵Цݡ
˵ʲôϻֱˣѲ㻹ҷһģȲ˫磬ɢſֲϢ
ٺ٣õôСӲ벽𣬻֪ʲôֶ˴󽭹ǰ׳գֻҪСĵ㣬ѵɡ
ô׾ͻᱻģߣ
һ˵ţȴѾ۷ƣҶѹȶ
ܵĿѹȥγһƬյشѹȸС
Ҷۿǻϻм֮ɫϻ˵ˣǿ·ˡ
Ϊĺ׷ҶûкǼȥһ־ͱȫֲѪħһҵѪɫâն
Сӣǿ
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ˣⶫһʱƲˡҶ
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СӣԹ´УȻɱһȫʬһӲӵĹâͬһɢ̫һĹԡ
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ȻˣɸһָԪҶЦ
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ȻҲҶܵԹðݣԺҶ챨Ҳҵ
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ɶ񣡡ԶĻŭһŶ
ߣСӵʬˡӲƴתʧС
УҶʧȥʶһʬ壬Ӹ߿£Ļץס


407 ֮

ȵҽƴӿľκˣϵغž޴Ļɽ
һƬ𺣣ޱߵĻڷ޴ĻɽףҶһʯϣԱߣ޾ҽ
ꡭһͷȫɫƬֻ޴۾ھʯԱߣֱֱŻҵҶ졣
ǻ
Ǽһ̫ˣСӿ²ˡտտŭɫ֮УЩǺż
ʱҶİ嶼޴ˣɫ꣬Ҳڻš
Ҷ쳹׻ȥֻһϢд棬·ǷʱпϨ
ҲҶǿ󣬷ǻ˱ˣ¾һǿߣҲᱻɱġ
ûбɱҶ˿Ҳ䵽ıԵ
ؼʱ̣Ҷǲɫս꣬סҶһϢʱ֧Ų˶õġ
üС̫ʥʥӣϾǳ̫ʥҪǱ֪СҸС²
Ǿ칬ػߣȻ֪һЩš
ĶСˣ㶫漴ݺݵغ
֨֨
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ţȵؿҶؿڣֻѪȾ·棬һֻɫС˳ſ³һҶؿڵѪ֮С
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⡭ĪǴ˵еЧôԺһ⣬ɵԾ
찡ִ˵еıȻУϹŵĳɡĽ֪ҶβΣˣһʵ˵ֱܹӽ硣
Ҿ˵ͨӲĸӦСӾôԭк֡ʱˣ̾ѡ
ǰ׳ջ칬ĴУô֪жʥ칬ע⣬һˣߣ뵽ɵһЦ
֨֨
ѰŻһ죬ھȻһת۾ҶСС
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۾һƺ¶ʲôģ̧޴ԴſѪڣһôѪҺ
ô֮Ѫ󱻻ʮѪҶ塣
ʱҶѪʢͬһѪɫʯɢųҵĹâ
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ʱҶõʮѪľתսԶ

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ߣһû뵽֣Ǵˡзǳʹ޻ǶԷȻ֣ͲɱҶ죬ǻץסҶ죬ʱٱʳ칬Ĵй
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ңԺܵҶıԵϣֱӾɱҶ졣
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ţɵòؿ׹ķ
ããѪ֮УһɺɫаֱƵʮ˹Ͽգһͷ
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׹ȻǿߣϢе޵Ϣ׹ҪˣߺߣЦ˼£ԼĶȥ
ͬʱҲɫ𾪵ؿ׹ķ
ҪˣĿУء
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׹۶
ϵĵ۶һֱǴ׹Ŵ׹ҫ
Ϊ۶һԱߣΪ˸еԺ
ǽ죬Ժĵ۶ȴǱһɺһͷ޴ѹգĵ۶
ͷǰһλλź۵ǿߣͷſֲϢõ۶˶еѹ֡
̫ǿˡ
۶еߣЩ˿̶վϸܵ˾޴ѹ
ΨһܹվЩͻĵˣֻʣ»ʹеĴ׹ˡ
׹ôǵƣ»ҪɡһɭĻ쳹۶
еĵ۶ߣеһëȻĵһɺ

ȺУɽֵ̧ͷʮ˵У߳һͷˣ죬ѹգޱȺˡ
һλǿߡ
Ȼ˻ɽе壬Ͼʹ֮лд׹
ɽǣͷٶɵһȻ۶Ͽգס̫Ĺâ
ǰɽоѷɫࡣ
ңʣµʮˣһǳǿɢϢͷ˲һѡ
Щ˼ȵ޵ˣ޽ӽǿˡɽг˿ֻţ׹ôһӳôаǿߣЩԴݻٱʮ˹κһˡ
Щ˵Ǵģ
ɽɻ
۶еˣ˿̶ɻ
ʱʹ֮УͬһգͷޱȵĹâҫ۵Ľ⣬ɢ˺۶
߿еľ޴΢΢һݣѪɫĴ۾ʹ
̽ô׼Ϊܰͳʮ˹𣿡
׹̤նϣͬһ̫ͷųҵĽɫâ¶Ϣȶǿˡ
ˣ׹ҲȲϸ߿ͷ޴
ǸѾλˣѾ̽ˡ̽ɭɭضŴ׹ɱ⡣
Ŷ֪һλλͣ׹ɫȻڵӣȴ˸ųҵ⣬̽һںɨ
ȻЩ˶ƽ
ڴ׹ɻ֮ʱһд
ң
һȡ
߿У޴һ漴ѸСһѪ꣬վ̽ߣŶĴ׹м֮ɫ
Ҷ졪׹Ѫݣʱͫһɫ䡣


408 ֮
ôܣ
ҶϤݣ׹ޱȣȺе»ɽˣҲһĿɿڴޱ𾪡
ȻǰѪ꣬ȷҶ졣
Ϥݣһ仯ûУΨЩһ
ҶĿһǺͬһ㣬ɢžâ
ѪҶĿ⣬ȴǷǳɭа񣬳ѪϢ˲ֱӡ
ߣ㲻Ҷ죬ȻòһϢȫͬ׹Ͼǿߣ֮󣬺ܿغȵ
ɽ»Ҳǰ˲Ҷ죬Ǻܺ棬Ҷ쳤һģһ˭
ˣҾҶ죬ֻʶǸҶ졣ѪҶɭɭ˵ɺͷ촽ɱ⡣
ˣҶ࿴ۣΪһִ־壬ǳĿ¡
̵ʮǿߣҲηؿǰѪҶ죬һġ
㵽˭׹ȵǰһĻеǡ

ѪҶû˵ȴ̽
׹ǵõֿǵһĻ𣿡̽Ļô׹ɫһ䡣
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뵽ˣǸӣһʥӤصش͸̵֮ӡ̽ȵ˵
꣡
֮꣡
ʮǿߴ۶
ޱߵĺ֮Уһ񷶼ڲ
׹ɫ¶˼ɫû뵽ǸӾȻ
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ǲͬǣǳĹ죬һɼаô׹϶ǳ𾪡
λ׹۷ǿߣһͬǵĽ㣬ȻֻüһѪӤȻʲôˡ
ʱ׹϶ǳ죬ֵǰδһЩż֮жûмء
ֻǴ׹û뵽ӤȻĴڣһ̽õ
ΪʲôҶ쳤һģһ׹ʵѪҶǳ棬һ֪һʲô磿
ʶǸҶ죬֮ӵ˫̥ܵܣٺ٣֮ӵҫ츳ǰǿ󣬳ΪǴ׹ĵһš֮ӱǲԶˡ̽Ц
ҿǸɣǵ֮δرȵ㣬һ˲޲޵Ĺ׹˵
ߣѪҶԣͫһѪɫӣ˸ɱ⡣
ȻԴ׹˵ȲҶ죬
̽ϧǸҶʱҲѾڶˡǵ֮ӣȴǱȶҪǿĴڡ
ҵܵܲķϣֻҪԸͶҿ԰֮Ϊһȼ綫ѪҶĮؿŴ׹߰˵
ҳΪһİ˰޹𣿡׹֮ɫ
ѪҶ̽ɫһг˷ڵɱ⡣
ҺôҲһ֮Ϊ飿׹ֻսĹûͶĹ
׹һȫâʢͬһ̫ͷųĹԡ
ʱϱһɿֲϢ̽ʮ궼ɳȥ
һڵ۶߼״˷ܵشţ֮ɫ
Ա꣬ȼѪ㵹ɼΣѪҶ첻Ϊ˫֣ؿŶϢǵĴ׹
Ļ۶ߵЦݶʱˣһֺ;
Ա꣬ȼѪ⼸Ǳľģʥ˶Ȳ˴׹ˡ
һڵ۶߶ʱ;
۶͸һɱϢ
ɣҿܵܣ֮Σ׹ս죬һҲûη֮ɫ۷սѪҶ졣
¡¡ֲʹһƬնڲ
Ա꣬ȼѪ֮󣬴׹ʵﵽ
ԶԶȥ·һųҵ̫бըͷųµĳ۶ڲͣ
ʵҲҿ⣿ߣ
ѪҶ첻Ϊֻһ̧һֱֻۣȭ
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׹Ҵ⣬һʱóԼ׻նɱȥ
䣡
µĽâǧɣᴩգ˲񷣬·񷣣ݺݵ׻ϡ
𣡡׻ŭƱɢſֲ
׹ţΪȫһȻ޷׻ԷȻݺݵغĻʹ֮С


۶һ˶ʱ޷ţ׹ǿߣȻ˵Ĳһһͻˡ
ʵ̫ˣ׹Σӣɽ̾
֣㿴ǲûߣ»֪ʲôʱ˹ɽһ
Աߣмʮǰղž칬ϻ꿡ܡ
ʱУʮ˷ǳֲɽҡҡͷ
Ϳ첻ˡһ꿡ֵؿա
ȥֻԶУ׹һѪһֻ첲׻ҧˡ
ղŻƳĹûã䵽³
۶˶Ĭˣÿ˵϶˾Ϳ־壬˵ʵ̫ǿˡ
Ծʹ֮оȻûжһӹˡ»ͻȻ˵
ԤϣǳߡסҪʵֵ͵ˣֻܹܶɽ˵
˾ǵͷ
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Щǿ󣬿ҰĲС´ιҲܿҪˡ»ǵ
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һ죬𶯲񷣬۶ѡ·һ㣬һݵ涼ѿˡ
һ꿡ܶʱ𾪵ؿգһ̴ˣ漴ɫ
׹Աˣ
۶֮УһƬ˶סˡ
һֱ۶׹ı񣬾ˡ
ֱܶܲ˹ȥ
˷𣬳еѪҶʮǿɱȥҲ˳ӳ۶
۶һƬңǴܳȥȺ
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Ǵ׹ĵ۶к̵ܶ࣬ĴΧסˣˡ
ɽ»ҲȺ֮У˵۶
˺󲻾ã׹ˣױƿء
ܳǵŴ׹Ĵغϣפڴιı߽
׹ʮ˹һড


409 
ι߽һ޴ĳǳУפż׹ӡ
졢˴졣
ʱǳ֮Уһɱ;Ϣ
һ׹ʿˣг˾͵ǡ
׹ˣ
սˣ
ϢǰߴʱеĴ׹ʿסˣһš
Ҫ֪ǵĸڴ׹ǵļˡ˶ڴ׹򣬿Ӫˡ

˫Ŀؿգ档
СģסӽտʼǴ׹Ĺӡǰ˵
׹ȻˣǴ׹ڣְػǣ¶ش׹һԵҲͷ
λ벽۷ǿߣ׹ͰˣԱ㽫츴
ǵ˵Ķ֣벽ʵûУ̸θ΢һ£漴Ц
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Ҹ㶪ˡĵװ̾Ϣ
һۣһ̾˵û˵ʵ̫ǿˡ
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֮䣬ûʲôѣֻ档ҡͷ̾Ϣιľٶ֮С
ҲͷСĲõģ־Ʊڹ֮УǻһǳطңιԲؿǱĿǰҪǵ߽
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ǣʮ˹УдţҶѾɱڱ֮⣬ʬ嶼ˡ
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󽭹Ŀǰ콾֮һΪ׵ԭʼǻк컪ҵ֧֣ռ˴󽭹֮һĹ
ߣ󽭹ĸʹޣĴ߽漱ڲǴңû취죬ֻؿһ󿤡
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ɵҲΪУֻͬ˴¡


ʮ˹ӿʱҶڻϳҲ˹ؼʱ̡
£ҶѾ컯ȻûΪѾӰ벽ڽ˰벽۷塣
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СӣȻôͽˡû˵꣬һɼ֮Ҷɢ
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ʱҶϴϢǳǿ󣬿ǿˣΪȴȻڰ벽۷塣
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410 
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ֻҪӵɾ־ȶĳΪˣʣµΪֻҪʮ۷ˡ
ԻĶҶΪѾﵽ˰벽۷壬ȭҲڸոմﵽɾ硣
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ȻһϢȴʮ˹ˡ
Ϣ¶λ½ǿߵݣϱǿߣҲǱˣĴ֮һߡ
λһһˣĴ֮ףӾ칬ͱչˡ˴꣬ͻƽ硣
ʱһƬ֮Уŷ˶ʿ
֪ڱʮ˹һ˽ϯȺء
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Դףء

СӣǸ߽ܵˣû뵽һȴСӣٺ٣ȻҲõϢŻ֮еҶ죬ЦŴȤ
ৣ
ƺԭ֮еҶ죬Ȼ˫ʱ˫⣬ͬ貵ĵ棬գ񷡣
Ļɽʱһµѷ죬ѡ


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ܵͻĿֲƣ޴彵д۾ЦеؿѾ۾Ҷ졣
ʱҶ˫⽥ãԺһƬհס
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Ҷɻı飬΢΢һЦ漴Ȼ˵Ϲʱ칬£ܱߵĺ򣬶Ǿ칬ΧǾڵʱǱݴ½ʥأÿ궼߰ɽˮǰʥ
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ҶԲҷͷؽһʦ֣
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Զʱһٶʮꡣ
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ЩҲҴڹżϿġ
˵ӡȻ󣬵ֻҪɶһЩÿڹؼʱ̣ὫһЩǿ߷ӡУΪһơ칬ܾ칬˶սˣػڣ칬ָԻ͡
ףַӡЩɱ㲻ȱǿߣͲϾСҶͷڲףΪʲôһЩܹϹŴеڡ
ͷǵ̣һЩɣĵ̣ЩûˣҲû˸ҷֱһԱһ⿪ӡͷˡԣڵݴ½ЩԽԽˡ
Ǿ칬ֹһλֱӦкܶࡣҶ˵
ţΪкֱܶػϲܻڡҪ֪˼ʷϿǳʮΣÿһζɱĵˣѪȾΪ˼ҵʹñΪݴ½һء֮ɫλػϷǳ
ػһһλǿʥ
Ҷ찵
˵ȻΪ̫ʥʥӣǾӦ̫ʥǾ칬ǿʥ
Ҷͷ̫ʥЩ֮УͿԿ̫ʥǿ󣬳ǿࡣ
̫ʥÿһιܳΪǾͻΪ칬ػϡΪԭ̫ʥķǿʺɱУȴʺػػϵѡ˵
ҶʱȻλػǳ̫ʥǵȷʦˡ
ػϵְػţŴУ˼ûвϹһսǱ칬Ĺֱӷӡˡǵڽ칬ʱӦв츳һذɣλǲ츳ǰػھ칬һıʱڷӡ֮С
ĻҶһ㶡
ԭҶԺиλǲ츳İ׷ˡ
ѹֻ˵ػϡ


412 뿪
˻һϯҶг̾칬ԭʣһǿߣѹô˸ҷ
ܹΪ̫ʥĹһʥڵûݴ½޵еˡ
ͬһЩɷӡһЩǿߣҲ޷ػϡ
Ϊ̫ʮʽ֮ͬз޵УΨǿ߲ܻػϡ
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ˬоȫ¶аջΣҶ۾˷ܡ
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ûУڸоȫԲһҲûҪͻƵΪѾﵽ˼ޡҶԣüͷ
ޣǺǣСڲһʲôޡҿƿˣͻƿܸһ¥Ц
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ǻɱˣڿ϶ǽˣҲ֪巢ʲô⣬Ȼڰ벽硣
ֻԼȥѰҰ취ˣˣȻˣǾ͸ϿѾתսĲɣʱʮ˹ûκεˡ˵
תս塭
Ҷһϲɫ
ո̽ʱͷԼڶʮǿľѪ֪ʲôһԣʱѪˡ
ʦ֣⡭Ҷ쿴жΡ
ǰɱ˻ȡѪأû뵽˼ҲѾѪ͸ʮξѪ
Ҫ֪ǾѪһôѪҺһξѪ
һ׳ʮξѪʧܴûм궼޷ָˡ
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415 
߶ϲۿսΪڹսͬʱҲõһЩܹ٣ҪԵĻԵˡ
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416 ߾
ľѩͻȻʺԭһƬȻ˶Ŀɿڴ֮С
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̫ǿˣ
Ҷ̾漴Цѩ㻹ƣȻܲˡ
Ҷ磬û취Ҳ֪ôհľѩһ£漴żˡ
Ȼ
Ҷ̾ϢľѩͻƵ̫죬ʵҲ̫죬޷
ҪһʱӦˡҶЦ
ǡľѩżôʱżҶ죬ȴֻܿơ
һ̸ҶľѩȶԼ벽ΪֻʱҶ촦ڻ֮С
ľѩǽ첻Ӧеصز飬֮£ֻüҶСչء
ڴڼ䣬ľѩҲҶĻûмڽ硣
Ϊˣʼѧϰһźʥǳǿʵ
߾۷Բ磬Խ߼նɱˡ
ʲôȻҶ𾪣ѹľѩһͻƾʵôǿ󣬸ôǿ
Ҷ첻ɵ̭ͬʥΪʲô̫ʥǿ
Ҷ磬Ҫ֮Ļ츳ٸҲСľѩ˵
ҶȻк棬Ҳ޿κΡ
˵߾Ҿ칬й涨⴫ԼĹҶѧϰ߾ҲҪȥ칬Լ룬ľѩ
Ȼ˻ԵһҪúҶѵ
Խ߼Ҷ붼룬ƴƴҲŽԽļ
˵ľѩڵ츳ѾȫԽˡ
ţ֪ˣҶ硣ľѩԹԵصͷǳҶĻһ˵Ҷ磬ѾĲˣڿԽ
Ҷˣ˱ˣͬõʥĴУľѩõɣջҲ
ҪľѩŮˣļıˡ
Ҷ磬̫ʥǾŴʥǿģõӦñһǿɡľѩĽؿҶ˵
ͣ
ҶԣһѪ
һ뵽һһ̫ʮʽ⣬ʲôҲûеõ
Ҷľѩ֪ʥѧйֱǰٿȫˡ
ҶˣͬǴߣôôࡣ
Ҷھܵ칬ȥػϣ˼ôҲһº󱲣ô˿ɲá
ҶҲ֪ھ칬Ѿرˣƾʡ۶ȥ
Ҷ죡
Ҷ죬һΪأ
ûɱҶ죬ƭǵġ
Ҷľѩ̸ʱ򣬲ԶҲҶ죬ʱһƬ
Ҷˣϲͼֽջ̫ˣлͻǿľѩҶ춼ˡ
Ǵ׹λˣֺǺǵЦ
Ա˶ĽؿǶҶĹϵھ칬սУҶҲİæ
Ҷ˫˫Ȼ츴
ȻҶ첢ûͷųϢͬǴߣľѩˣοҶ졣
ҲҶ쵱ˡ
ܣ㲻ܻţ
ȻдһŵĴ
ֻһ߳ս𾪵ؿľѩҶ졣
ɣɱҶ죬ڿҶúõվǰĵ׷ǳ𾪡
Ҷ磬ô£˭ľѩҶеӣʱ裬򶫹
ġҶɨ˶һۣ漴뿪칬Լľѩ˵һ顣
ʲôҶ磬ô˵ľѩ֪Ҷʱ򣬾Ĳ
ˣڲǺúõ𡣡ҶЦ˵һӡ
ߣ´βľѩһ£漴һؿ򶫹ãҶ磬ѩ㱨ѩޡ
˵գľѩҶ˵ͳ򶫹
ҲãöĥһѩѩѧϰһôϢҶ쵹ҲûеģľѩϵϢԸӦĳľѩҪǿˣȻᱻˡ
ľѩ򶫹ʱҲ
쿴ҪͶһս
ϻҶ㱻ɱ޿ˡ
ľѩոͻ²ǶĶְɣ
ҶôͷľѩһȥԶ

ľѩһ˳򶫹гɻ󣬰춼֮ɫ
㵱ɱҶ𣿺ߣľѩ˿ͬŭĸϻβסϢٶȱ࣬񷣬캳ء
ЩľûаľѩŸոսߵƾСǲ֪ɱ㣬ɱҶСӡ
һ˿ϲɫӸղŵ֮УѾȫӦˡ
û뵽СţãҿԳô˻õ칬ĴУʱ֮ӺϼһҲҵĶ֡
дú⡣
Ȼȵľѩһȭʱ򣬶ɫʱͱˡ

ľѩһʩչҶ촫ڸı
ľѩ˺߾ĳʵޱȿֲ
ͬôֲʵ֧£ƣҲǳĿֲ
ľѩһȭΧնʱƮѩѩϢһƬء
壬ʱͱ˰Уؿľѩ̤նȴôҲˡ
ʲô
սһˣԶһЩɫ䡣
ǿĶ֮ӺǿߣȻ˵Ĳһľѩ߲һС
ľѩʵҲֲ̫˰ɣ
Ҷ춼Ŀɿڴû뵽ľѩǿ󣬾ʹɫһн
ѩѾԽˣҶи̾ͬʱҲеˣܿҪ뿪ʮ˹ľѩˣͳ׷ˡ
ܡ
Զһʱš
ǿĶȻİˣܸһոսС
ѵѾ˷
Щıʮ˹ǿߣʱһմǸоһ˺ܶࡣ
һοǣ
̽һʵСŮ޾Ȼôǿ֪ˣͲ
̽ǳڣ俤Ȼ֪ľѩ֮ûаľѩ
ʵϣҶ⣬˭ϲľѩɳʵ
񣬷ʮ˹ľѩǿһˡ


417 һ
۸Ҷ磡
ɶ񣬿Ҳ㣡
ҪΪҶ籨𡭡
߿УľѩĶһᣬÿһȭʵʵشϣλףԴ׵ĸͷƵġ
öǣ˲֮ܶ⣬⡢־˼ʲôĶǺúõģܹؿԼĺܲҡ
öòѪŤˣг˷ŭ;ԼԹ
սһĿɿڴǸǿĶȻ䵽ôҵĵز
ǺЦȴֲҡ
һǿߣоԼĺ󱳷䵱һЩ׷ɱҶǴҴһ
ǿʵͬһôôǿɫӵؿͬŮһľѩһʱԽܡ
õһһˣҶҲˣϾҶսԻͣڻʵ
ľѩǰһͨţҳһ꿡ܣҪǿľѩû뵽һͨˣȴҲԽ
һθо˾޴ѹ
ʱλһһˣֻΪ˵ѹԼҲнա
һᳬԽǵģ߰ҧзģ֪Լÿ뿪ʮ˹ˣ򽫻ᱻҶľѩԽ˦ԽԽԶ
ݴ½ޱߣͬһЩȾ칬ĳɣЩɱȾ칬Ҫֲ
Ҫǰݴ½ĳɣֻˣʵ
ʵϣʱ˿̣޷硢桢ٻ۷ǿߣҲһ뷨
Ҷ쳬ԽķڷϾҶһȭһɱսû˿ɡ
ľѩĳɾֻ͡ľѩõ˾칬ĴУҲܵõУΪľѩ
Ĵߺ콾֮⣬һЩ۷ǿߣҲһ뷨
Ϊ֮ǰܶ˶ľѩڿľѩһǳԼҪгɵĴУôһľѩҪ
Ҷû뵽ľѩıݺݵش̼˱ʮ˹һ
ڴ֮꿡ܽ뿪ʮ˹ȥݴ½ѰԼĻԵ
ȻһȺˣ˽ųɡʣµˣһɾͺܸߣҲΪʡ
ںģʮ˹ΪЩˣøǿڿݴ½ǿ֮С
Ǻ󻰡
Ҷ㶵ؿŸ߿бľѩͷһĶеɱ⳹ʧˣʲôͷŭʧˡ
õǿ֮һʮ˹ǿߣȻһСѾͷڴͷɱҪܣֱ
˵춫ܹҲûټˡ
泹׶ˡ
Ҷ֪ڶжǵĺͬΣľѩ飬ֱɱ˶Ծ󻼡
ľѩ˶һ٣еҲйˣԵ˵ͷһȭⶫ꣬
ʮ˹ǿ֮һĶô˵ǰ
󣬶Ϊ˵ЦͬҲΪϱǿߵľ䡣
Ī
˺ıʮ˹Ҳûϱǿ۸һЩǿߣЩţһܵϱǿߵİͽᡣ
ǶЩ˵УٳһҶ죬ľѩ
Ҷ磬ϼһղصǷḻвٺöľѩ˶֮󣬲һС磬ıȫսԼС磬ȻܵҶױ
ǺǣҲĥ㣬ѩ㵽׽߾ʲô̶ˣҶ쿴ŵľѩЦ
ǰòɵȻͻƵٹ£Ҿа߾ľѩ˵Щ
˵ںʥʷϣ߾ٶ󣬵һߣҪҶĻһܹԽЩǰģѩ츳̫
츳ҶԷ˷ۣʵ˵
ѩǿΪʲôôԽǿԽ𣿡ҶȻʵ
Ҷ϶û̫ʥЩ伮Ҫֻ֪й似ԽǿԽǳ⣬ֻҪﵽҪ󣬱ܹɡľתսһΪתսʵǿľѩ˵
תս塭ҶһһԼתս壬ȷеĸо
õĲ˵ֻҪõѪôͷǳˡ
㣬ҪɫɹƺЩһһЩ
ֻҪﵽЩôͷǳˡ
Ҷ磬߾ǵӵк֮壬ΪƵȻܿ졣Ǻʥʷϣλǰ죬ֻһʱ䣬㽫߾Բ硣ľѩ˵
ԭˣҶ첻ɵĽ֮ɫ
Ҷ죡
Ҷ֣
Ҷľѩ̸ʱȺдϤ
˵ͷһʱЩѡ
߰ɣȥЩˡҶЦ˵
ľѩߣ붫һսԼڵʵϤ˺ܶ࣬ȻȻ޷ǿѹǿһȣҶ첻޷ӽ
Ͱ졢ٻ˺ˡ
ЩϤ꿡ܣȻʵ֮ľѩȴǲԶˡվľѩǰܵǹɿֲѹһ
ʵ̫»ֱ޷ӽͷ󺹡
ľӣıѩŮˣǲǸһƣЩҲýӽһ£ٻһЦ
ľѩҶ졣
ҶֻЦŶ˽
˱˰ʱһĽʺޡ
Ǹ˵ĻԵҲǿ󲻵ãֻܰĽ
ľ㣬СĿеŮҾ֪һᳬҶģУһֱǱʮ˹ǿţʲôҶ졢ߡ޷綼ǲԶˡ»޷ӽ±˺ԣֱľѩƨ
һĿɿڴû뵽»Ŀڲôá
ĻҶɫЩѿˣƨҲñɡ
ߺ޷Ҳɫ
ľ㣬еĵںڰеҵ·߳ޱߵĺڰϵ»»Ҷ˽ɱ˰Ŀ⣬һľѩƨ
ľѩÿЦȻҲ֪ʩչʲôһ»
Ȼ»ˣȴޱĽؿ»ҶҲ⡣
Ϊղľѩһɾע»ڣֻҪ»ܹȼҲ
һƨΪΧһ꿡Ľʺޣǿһ£ջȥƨ
ˣ޳ܵļһߣ˻֣½»̧ߡ
˾ۼһ𣬽̸
ǶǳҶôġ
ҶԴҲûһЩ˵鶼ǣ֪ЩҲ뿪ʮ˹ǰ֪һЩá
û뵽ͷȻǾ칬ػߣ
һ徹Ȼǿ󣡡
һ꿡ܾ̾


418 Ҷ
Ҷõ˲õϢһ꿡ܶ뿪ˣֻʣҶһЩѣԼߡ޷ڴˡ
ʱҲ˹վ޷ߣЦݵغҶ졢ľѩк
ҶСѣ֪ľѩҶŮˣԵһҶкľѩ
ľѩ΢ЦŵͷվҶһҶΪ׵ӣһ꿡ĽŮ˿ҡ
Ҷ֮ǰѾ֪ûв׷ɱԴʱֵķǳЦˡ
굶ǰֻ˵Сѵ֣һȻ鴫ͣЦ˵
ˣҶ˵
һ֮
ָŲԶ˵ˣСѣ㲻ڵʱ䣬Щʮ˹ͽʮ˹Ū췭ظϣСѴ˷ܹ֣ǽЩа֮һˡ
ɱ˵
Զ˵ʱͫһ衣
Ҷ۾һＤĹâõһǿֱ߲ӡ
Ҷ֡ҶԱߣ˵
ĻҶеâȻɱ⡣
˵а̣ҶĳȻǻڱʮ˹Ҷ쵱˵
ղţ˵ˣһ׷ɱ
ҶпǸסǿߡ
ãСѸ壬Ҵʮ˹߸лСѡʱϲҶľѩ˵İһذɡ
ʵϣڶ֮һѾǷ˵Ķˡ
˵ЦˣҶĳҲǱʮ˹һԱʮ˹ӦõġҶ˵գѪħɱȥ
ЩҪնɱģ̽Ҳг𣬵ϵǺλйϵ
ȻҲСѴչҲܸš
״һ
һսܷеκһˡȵ
ߵһǿߣΧգסһ·
Ҷһɱ˽ȥ
Χһȫעؿţõ칬еľѩôͬõеҶ죬ǿӦøӵŶԡ
ܺܶ˷Ҷ첢ûн磬ֻΪԼΪ̫ͣ͸Ҷľ硣
Ҷȷʵǿ㲻ʹɫҲȶǿ󣬽֮Ӳһ㡣
ǵ׷ɱңɣ
㣬̽ϵĳҽһ
Ҷغȵ
ѪħǿѪɫĵڿֲԪע֮£˳ҵĹâ³һâ
һǿ߶ʱɫ䣬ҶϱϢȻûľѩôֲҲԽ˶Ǹе
λѾû·ˣֻܱˮһս̽һۣʱ򻹷ǳ򶨣һҶ졣
ĺ֮£ЩҶסǿҲӦˣʱ򣬵ȷֻܱˮһսûʲô·
д󲿷ֶǵ׷ɱҶ֪Ҷ첻Źǵģ̽ĻųҶ졣
˾λǿһ֣ǾǾ춯أԶ
Ĳó֣һһɵʵ
߶ҡҡͷ
һŵˣѡ֣϶аգ߻̣ܶȴҶ˽⣬Ƕ֣˴˷ǳ˴˵뷨
õ𣬲ܻɱУǿŰɡȻЩģѡҶ죬ͬѡȥ׷ɱҶһ
ĵҶ졣
ھ칬
õľ칬ߣЩ޷ԸǾ̫ûˡ
ڴʱҶЩײһ
ãܲܽסһҶһȫƱֲעѪħ֮УŶǿһ
Բѣ
ߣһɱǣ
̫ˣ

һǿԴŭһҪɱǣҲ̫Сˡ
Ѫն
ҶĴȣһֲĵâ񷣬նգûƬء
Զ𾪣һǰ֮һоﶼȻʧɫϵ̫ʧȥ˹ԡ
ûյסһ𾪵
ԱߵǿҲһ𺳲ѡ
˿ֲһ޽Уڱʮ˹ʷ϶ûгֹѪħҲûôǿʵ
ȻҸǿˣȻеѹˡ
һ꿡Ҳ̾ҶԽԽԶˡ
ʵ
˶𾪵˵
Ҷһɨȥ֮Щһȫûһܹ
̽ڣеǿȫǵâնϣ
ʱսϣΨһʣµһǿߣǾԶս֮ӡ
𣡡
ƺܵĶ֮ӱŭ
ֻзƱã׵罻һͷ޴צӲ񷣬һβ;ͽݺݵҷɳȥ
ӴӰ̽ʬԱߣһѪ꣬ݺҶһģһ
⡭ľѩǰģ֮ӣڶȻòʱ𾪵Ŵ͡
Ҷû˵ɫӵؿŶ֮ӡ
ľѩ
䡭ҶߣɫϣʱѾմȾѪһǱϢЩˡ
ǿСĵ㡣Ҷ죬֮ӵĿУء
սڣ˿ǲʤʵ֮ѹѾˡ
Ҷû˵ص˵ͷɫǳӣ֮ӵĿ˸ϡ
ʱ֮ӺХɢ޾ŭ
ץ̽Ĳ֫壬һɱ죬һϴޡ
˵ĺӣ

Ȼ̧֮ͷŶҶ졣
ҶĮȻֻǸӵؿ֮ӡ
һСҵһС֮ӱУ޾ķŭԹޣǹԹԶ˶еľ
ǵöôĳް
Ȼֵط֣Ҷʼղ˵ɫӣЩΡ
һҲˣ֮ӷ̽ʬ壬ϵɱͬʵʻرϯƬ񷡣
ҶСġľѩҪϾͱҶֹˡ
Ҹ飬˭֡Ҷͷ˵
Ŀ⣬ľѩһ֪Ҷˡ
ҪҵһСģҲɱ㣬һʧȥһУһʬһĻš̤֮ޱߵɷնڲΧ¶ȶ͵һµĳ̶ȡ
Ը⣬һȫ㡣Ҷ֮ӣһ˵
ôɱң֮·͵Ϊֹҵһˣ㻹𣿡֮
ԸҿԷ֮·Ҷ
ֻҪɱ㡪
֮Ӵ


419 սԼ
䣡
֮ӻ䣬ǿֲϢʱڱͬһԶžһ㣬ǿƵ֮䡣
Ҷ죡
Ҷ֣
Զ˾ǡ
֮ӵǿ֪ˡ
ǺܵҶ᲻֮ӵĶ֡
ȻǸΪ𾪵ǣ֮ӵȫһ֮£Ҷ첢ûгֻʩչʽз
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µƴӿϵľκˣ಻س̫ͼ档
Ҷһǹǿ͸̫ͼĺɡ
ȥɡ֮Ӵ˫ɱ죬ǿһһҶ
Ҷֻڲ֮ӣӱɳȥѪҺ
Ҷ硪ľѩʱˡ
Ҷȵֹ˾Ԯ
֮ӼɱǿشҶ졣
ҶʼգֻǷûл֡
Զսˣǳɻֱǣ֮϶ʲôΪ֪ܡ
Ȼľѩڣ˶֪еܡ
Ϊʲô֣֮һ߼Ҷ죬һŭ
ǷġҶ쵭˵
ǷҵⱲӶˣߣΪ𣿳գģ룡֮Ӵչ޴βͣݺݵҶϡ
ҶشѪһƬѪģ
Ҷ硪ľѩ
Ҳѡ
ȻҶȻûѡ֣ؿ֮ӣʵסĸһֱΪ˫ֽ̥ҶһҶ֪˵ջ񼾽ڡ
֮ӳҶӴʱһͣȻƬ̵ĳɺȻݺݵغҶϡ
䣡
ҶһѪɳȥվУһҡΣܵǿˡ
ûиĸ֮ӼɱӴ˲񷣬һֲ
һľѣǲ֪Ҷ컹ֶܼá
֪ǰĸһã־ͽҶҶǵѪҺ֮˵
֮ӵͣڿУһ޴۾УһĪɫбˣлϲиˣΣԹޣзŭо
֮˫Ҷ죬ɱ죬Թޡ
㣬Ҳ䵽³ҵһУҪɱ㣡֮Ӵ
ȻҶʱһɫľ޵ͻȻҶУɢſֲơ
䣡
ƥƱâն֮ɳȥ
Ҷֳɫ£ڼĵ⣬ս˵ĵ
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ߵˣҲ¶֮ɫ
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Ҷһնأжһ˿˿ֲҪƬ롣
ʺԭϣ˵޴ѷ죬ʹƬԭһϿȡ
ս֮ﲻǲʺԭǱΪ𵶹ȡбҶľ⣬ֱ֮󣬲Żɢ
ĵƣ
Զһֻצ֮ӣصҶ졣
Ҷɫ˵뿪ʮ˹ҷһ·
ܣɱ㣬Ҳ뿪ġ֮ӲҶ˵꣬ŭ
㲻ҵĶ֣Ҷ
ߣѵѡ֮˵գЦһܺΪʲôûнɣʵϣҲǽʬ壬ӵڵ
Ҷԣͫһƺʲô
˰ɣߺߣҪһ꣬Ǳ˴˵궼ɱ˶Էձ˴˵꣬ܽ
֮ȵעҪһߣҪƬأͱĨҵĴڣһƬصĹĨɱġ
ңҪҲɱ㡣
֮䣬ֻһ˿Ի
֮ЯſֲܣҶ졣
Ҷ˫һֲɫ֮УȻ󱬷һ貵ľâ
䣡

Ҷ֮˫˫ɳȥʤ
ʵϣҶ̫أĻƾɫԻ֮ӡ
󣬾칬㳡ҲѵһսҶؿŶ֮ӣ˵
Ǿ֮꣡ԾȻͷ漴ץס̽ʬ壬תߡ
Щ̵֮Ӹûᡣ
úЩȫЩͶ̵ͽҲͶˡ
̶һڣʮ˹˴׹֮⣬ոˡ
ʱ򣬲ʺԭϷ飬Ҳʮ˹
һʱ䣬Ҷľѩﵽ۷塣
ȻǸӹעҶ֮ӵһս
˵ʱеıʮ˹ǿߣǰȥս

ֿ
Ҷ˻ˡ
ҶҲľѩȥĸ׻𣬳ǣŮû֮еԴףദĺܺãûƬ̾ͽõؽˣҶ춪һԡ
Ҷ֮ǰǳģȻһĻɵĿɿڴоһӻˡ
Ҷ֪Լ˼ά
ڵһһϰˣݴ½һǿˣͨкܶӣ˶ˣ˸⡣
Ҷ׻ľѩֹ֪һŮˣһʼ׼
ԣҶĵĴࡣ
ңҶǣĸѾϣȢѩԴӵּҴ屻ñ˴֮ѩһֱҶĸߡ
վ飬ҶĸȻϲѩɵŮŮһڵ֪ѩҶܾ֮󣬾ĥʲôʱǡ
ⲻҶһֱѵûһˣϵڡ
ľѩĵҶĸһ˳ҶĿɿڴ֪ô죬ֱӱչˡ
Ҷϣ׻ľѩѩȴദĺܺá
ҶԴҲһֻ۱һֻˣʱȫתս壬׼価Ĳ㡣
һսɫôֻнתսĲ㣬бʤİա
֮ӵҶֻѡ̾Ϣһвı⣬ȷߵ֮ӵһС
ʮǰǣʵ֮ӽ٣Ҷ꣬ٵݴ½
ʱҶʶѾˣԺ֮У˲ų֮ꡣ
ʱҶĸʵֻһǾ֮ӣǲų֮ӣޱСȻҶĶ֣׾ٵˡ
ǷǳΣյģҲ⡣ҶһΪСһ֣֮аסҶĸڵһ̥
ҶʣµĴ֮꣬ӵ壬˳硣
֮Ҷһ꣬Ҳˡϧ̥ΣˣҶĸĸʹˡ
һ·׷¸̽ҵ̥̥ȻˣĲʩչطס
̽ΪǴ֮ӣ㼯ӴԴӡ
ܣⶼҶģô˵֮ӵһУҶߵġ


420 ˫˫ͻ
̵ʮ˹»ָƽ˱֮ռݵĴ׹֮⣬Ѿָ
Ȼ׹ĲԼҶˣڴ󽭹Ĵֿĺܺá
ΪҶĴڣʮ˹꿡ܣԼһЩϱǿߣ˵Ҷ졣
ҪôʹϵҪôϣúӰҶΪʦҪô뿴Ҷķɡ
Ҷ̫ˣľѩ˲ˣʹôֿΪ
ҶֻӼһЩϤ꿡ܣʣµˣ򶼱ڱչ׼սԼ򷢵ˡ
Ҳ֪Ҷ콫Ҫ֮һսҲҴҶ죬ǾôڴֿǴ󽭹׼Ҷһڰȥ칬㳡
̫ɱ¾ҲͻƵɾˡ
֮УҶȻ۾˫š
Դ֮һս֮󣬾µıչأɱ¾̫ɾ硣
һҶ־ﵽı׼ˡ
ΪĲȱҶʼ޷磬ֻʵǿࡣ
ͬʱҶľתսҲ˵۷徳磬ĲҲԶˣһ¾ͻƣԸϵϼսԼ
ȥ
Ҷ컺չԼϢ˫֮г˾â
չأҲһζرչأҶ첢ûмȥǲʱسأһѡ
⣬ҶҲҪ֪ʮ˹ļʱϢ
ڣ֮Ӳûڴڼƣһֱڴ׹ȴҶս
Ҷ뿪֮ȥһľѩŮŮĸ׹֣ûдš
С׻ıصҶ죬ǸˣϵôԴҶĴȣԵ÷ǳȡ
СףþûһˣȥɽҵóԵģҶС׵ĴԴ漴Сףȥ
ܿ죬Զɭ㴫һζ
ٴνԣҶ뵽ҶҴǶʱ⣬ʱҴҰһת۶ȥʮˡ
ҶѾǵǸһĵͼߣѾվ˱ʮ˹۷壬һһˣϱ֮Ҳһˡ
ŶľѩڣһĵһˣӦľѩŶԡ
СѾͷҶһƬģںʲôһֻҶϺš
ɰ
ҶڵϣС׵ͷ̫һڵӡ
СҲſڵϣ۾̫
ʱ·صʮǰҶҴǶ¡
ֵû
Ҷ֪֮̾һս֮󣬿¾Ҫ뿪ʮ˹ˡ
ԺٻǾͲ֪ʲôʱˣҲ꣬Ҳʮ꣬ٶҲ˵
ݴ½ޱ޼ʣҶĵˣǳ
ʵϣΪ˹ۿҶ֮ӵһսھв꿡뿪ʮ˹ˡ
ֵһǣѾ˹°Ը޷硢桢ٻ۷ǿˣȿҶ֮һս󣬱뿪ʮ˹
ǱҲҶ죬Ҷ˵Ҫڱʮ˹һʱ䣬ߣԾˡ
꿡ܣҲڱ˴ϵһСŶӣ׼ɱ뿪Сطǰݴ½
һʱ䣬ʮ˹ӿһ뿪֮硣
ܶϱǿ߶Դ˷ǳ֧֣ôʮ˹һǿ߶ûг֣Ҳ弶
ѾЩϱǿ߳ˣǾ֪뿪ʮ˹ΣգԶزȥǱʮ˹Զ뷢չ
ǳǳģֻǰݴ½ȥǸߣ洦ĴطܵõԵ̤߾硣
ʱ䣬ܶϱǿߣЩĹǣһЩıһЩ׽꿡ܣϣܹҵϣ
Ҷ֪һһпѪ֮·ܹŵִݴ½ģ²һˡ
ܹݴ½ŻģǾ͸ϡˡ
Ҷ첢ûֹ飬Ϊÿ߶Ȩȥ׷ߵҶҲһˣƾʲôֹˡ
ңҶ֪ҪչҪ㹻Ĵۡ
ʮ˹չ̫ˣ߳ȥûУ̸ʲô׷
һЩʵµߣҶ컹Ȱ˵ǲҪ뿪
Ҫ뿪ʮ˹Ҳ߼ϵΪźá
£ʮ˹Ĺǳ֧֣ǣ߼λ뿪ʮ˹ı׼
׼һֱϮ֮ãֱʱҶѾվݴ½۷塣

һº
һǿϢ˴ֿоҵؼţֿڲ
ͬһʱ䣬֮бչصҶ۾ֻ۾У貵Ľɫ·գԡ
ͻƾתսĲˣҶ˷֮ɫ
ͻ˾תսĲ֮ҶŷԼǰ̫С׹Ϊһſֱ񾳽ĹתսȻѶȺܴ󣬵һɹʵֲ̫ˡ
ǰҶֻΪתսǿһͻ˵Ĳ֪֮Լǰ뷨ôЦ
ΪĲľתս壬ȻűսҶԽնɱˡ
뿴֮ǰҶ죬Ѿǳӽ弶ʵˡʵǿ˾űǶôֲ
ⲻһһڶô򵥣ʮ˾ʮ仯̫ˡ
ҶоԼһȭܺ䱬ֿȭĻ֮ӣѪħĻľѩˡ
ҶоԼƺԽ߰˼ʵˣĿǰĽ׶ΣҶԽ߰˼ʵˡ
Ҷ֪ԼԽ츳ľѩЩˡ
ľѩԽ츳һ߼ԽľѩһԱ˼Խ츳ʼղ䡣
Ҷ첻һԽ츳ܶ඼ǽԼΪµ£ͱ־
ڰ벽۷ļʱִﵽɾ־ҶԽսʤ֡
ǵҶΪô־಻ʱҶ־Խһ
ʵѪħҶһ츳̫ʮʽһ츳츳һתս
弶ҶԽ츳
ˮ׼ڱʮ˹ȷǶˣǷݴ½Ҷ츳Ҳֻǳεˮ׼
Ҷ첢йͨĲľתս壬Ѿ׹ǿ֮
оתսԽɾԽߣʵԽԽ
Ļ괴Źǰƾʲôţۣ
Ȼһź׹ֻļ磬ǿ֮Żֳ
Ҷڴ㡢ľתս塣
䣡
ǿƵֿϿգ಻ӿȡ
Ҷʱ¶ɻ֮ɫ
֣ҲѾƣôôǿҶո˵֪꣬ôˡ
æңĿ⿴ֿķλһֲƣֱ񷣬캳ء
ˣ
Ҷ쾪ϲ
ͻƾתսĲʱҲͻƿ磬˱ʮ˹ǿ֮С
ҶܸˣȻͻ磬ô뿪ʮ˹֮ҲͷĶˡ


421 һս
Ϊǿߣܿʹʮ˹ʱ𶯣һƬ
ߡľѩ֮Ѿһڽĵλǿˡ
Ҫ֪ôʮ˹ûǿʢһڵλǰ붼롣
ߺľѩҲ㣬Ͼ츳ǿֵõ˾칬ĴУ
һϱǿߣʮ˹кܶһ۷ǿߣ磬ͻơ
ԣЩϱǿ߿ͻ֮󣬶ʱԼҲͻƵĻᣬһĴ
ͬʱ磬񵱳һҪȺۡ
֪Ҫˣǰ׼ϯˣͻ֮ϾͰ˳ȥ
ҶҲڵһʱյ

̶һڣǿ߸ֿʹӴĿҲֳΪ״̬
ʮ˹ͷǿ߶ˣһЩûеõɢǿߣҲƤˡ
окܶͬǿߣǺһڰ벽۷ܶ꣬һֱ޷ͻơ
Σǳ˵ضҲϣܹõһЩָ㡣
һǿߣڴʱָһͬߺߣȡ
Ҳȷʵûв˽Լͻƾ˵˳ܶϱǿߺͺ󱲶ջܴ
ʱһϱǿ߾ۼһ̸˴˽顣
ͬһĿܣҲۼһ𣬳ԣ̸۵ء
Ҷ֣ô׼𣿡ٻٱЦ˵
һȦӣɣҶΧƵĶ󣬹ĵص㡣
ҶΧۼľѩߡ޷硢ٻ塢κȻһ۷ǿߡ
˶ڿȦӣϸڱʮ˹һϱǿ߶ȥˡ
㿴Ҷֺ棬ȻͻˣսʤɡЦ
һ˵ͷȻϢǹεƣȷǰӵˣľ˿
޷ҲӦ˵ͷЦǸ̬ôǿˣ֮УûܹԽˡ
Ǻǣ㲻ҲҪҶЦŴȤ
޷ʱ΢Ц
һɫ䣬ȻҶһͿ޷ͻƣԶˡ
ʲô
޷磬صĹ
ԱߵһЩǿȴǲ֪£Ȼ֮£ɵһĽʡ
Ҳ֪޷ͻƺϾ޷츳ߡҶˣҲǲܡ
Ǳ˦ԽԽԶˡٻװģ̾
޷Цװɣʮ˹˭֪Ѿ콣ĵزҲԶˣҪ֪Ҷûдﵽľ硣
ٺ٣ٻЦ
ʱһ֮УҶ졢ľѩΪףȻߡ޷ˣٻ͹档
ǹǿ󣬿ٻҪԽˡ
ıʮ˹ٻǷǳѾ޷硢桢˱ƱµĴߡ
߽֮󣬾˳ĴߵС
һȺ̬һɽ󰡣ҡͷ̾Ϣ
Сô˵Ҳһ֮һ֮ͻҲ⡣ǲČ˿֪ʲôʱܽɽ˷ۣ˵
Ҳ뿪ʮ˹ǵĳ·λǶ˵˵һʲô磿»ʵ
˵⣬һ꿡ܶʱ۾һ
ıʮ˹һĵľ뿪ʮ˹ˣܶ˶ԾԾԣڴѡ
Ƕδ뿪ʮ˹Բ֪һʲô硣
Ҷ졢ľӣǵõ칬ĴУ֪ʲô𣿡޷翴Ҷľѩ
Ҳ˹ȥ
ɣȺжԣõ칬еҶľѩΨһ֮мʶˡ
֪Ҳ٣
Ҷҡҡͷ˵֪ڱʮ˹һǷһǱʮ˹ûе⣬ֻҪСĺеޣô뿪ﲻǺΣա
ΣյǱΧԼͨݴ½ƬطûʲôԼкܶ࣬иаɢޡаǿߡǿߵȵȡҪ֪ʱ޸Ҫ¡ľѩȻ˺ʥĵ伮֪һЩţǡ
Ҳ˵һЩаǿߣϲҩԼΪ߳
Ҳڵ伮пһרϲ߾Ѫаǿߣרɱʵµߡ޷ͬɫء
һ꿡ܱ˵ɫ԰ףδĵ·˵ǡ
ҶɨһۣЦŰοҲ̫ģȻѡ˳ȥӦ׼ҪôҪôǿûе·
Ҷ˵ĲܽôҲνˡƵغ
һ꿡ܶʱָ񣬰ͷ
ǵҰĶܴ󣬶ϣΪʣ׷õ
Ϊ˵۷壬ΣգҲ޷סǰĵ·
λǳ⣬һˣʵֵ£׾ͻΣաԣȰʱһҪһһЩûʵʵǰݴ½ЩҲ١Ҷѵ
˶ǰ׳գȻ֪Ҷĺ⣬һͷ
Ǹ߰ߣҲ֪Լֻڱʮ˹ۣ棬˶öࡣ
ԣǰڣһЩСõı취һʵ
Ҷ죬Ҳġ

֮ҶľѩŮҶǡ
·ϣŮҶ춼û˵Եøĳơ
ֱ˿Ҷǵʱ׻ȴ˳ĬĵؿҶ죬̾ϢǲǾ֮һս뿪ʮ˹ˣ
һȥľѩѩҲҶ죬ΣǺϣҶܹһ뿪
Ҷҡҡͷҵʵ̫̫ΣգǸңҲġңҲҪϸĸԭҵ˽
ʲôʱ׻۾ˣ˽ܾãҶһֱ۵ʱǳ١
ɡҶ쿴ľѩ˵ѩʾһݴ½ҡ
Ҷйһ£ľѩѾ˺߾Խ߼һս
ľѩʾ磬һʰ˼һսʵ㹻ѩŮȫظݴ½ˡ
ã˵ˡľѩԶʱ¶ЦݣԴӵõ칬Ĵ֮Լġ
׻ѩҲ˵صͷ
Ƿģ֮һսҲڱʮ˹ϼ꣬Ż뿪ҶЦ˵
Ůʱ¶ϲЦݡ

һºҶ֮ӵսԼˡ
һ졪
ҶǣԺ
Ҷϴ֮ľѩŮķ£˴洫ӵһɫǳۡ
Ϊһõ˾칬ĴУҶһֱԼŵ洫ӣɡ
ڱʮ˹һսˣ
Ҷգǳɫƽ


422 ֲ
սӣˡ
ʮ˹һƬ֮Уһɽ֮Уһ֮ۡУطߣȫһ쳯ž칬㳡ȥ
ԶԶȥϿգѹѹһƬȫߵӰ
ǿʮλĹҲһЩڡ鱻Ÿüˣǳ׳ۡ
찡Щ඼ôˣ뿪ʮ˹𣿡޴Ļɽף̧ԴĿɿڴؿһĻ
Ҷ֮ھ칬ս㲻ȥۿ𣿡ӦĴڣɵЦŴ
ŶҶʦҪ˾սҵȥǳҶ죬ڿնȥ˲һ
˻
ǻ
Ӵ֮ȫ١

߿һĻǳ𾪡
Ʒǳ磬֮Ҫǿʢ࣬ޱ𺳡
ʮ˹ߣͷ˯ڱеĻǶôǿˡ
Ҷ֪ߵˣȴǸӼɵҪ֪һ¡

עһڵһ죬һãʮλǿѹգκһ˶ޱ𺳡
칬㳡ϣս֮һγɽ˺󣬻ȵգڲѡ
쿴ˣ
ٻ
޷磬û뵽Ľˣһʱˡ

һλλ콾ϱǿߵĵȫѪڣ˸ߺ
һȥ칬ΧѹѹһƬ߰Χ
Σĵصȴⳡʮ˹۷֮սעҪʷʮ˹ˣԶһġ
𣡡
Ȼһء
ˣ֮ˣǾÿһ·֮Ӵڹľ칬㳡ϡ
֮Ӳ¶ҶݣֱӭսѪȵצɢžԵĿֲϢ
ͬһ̫žһ㽵٣Ӵѹ칬㳡Χǿڣе߶ܵһɳصѹȸС
֮ǰǿˣ𾪵
ߵҲ֮ɫ
Ŀǰʮ˹Ҷľѩ֮⣬֮ǾԵǿߡ
ţվһ𣬵֮Ϥʱüͷ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ǿʬȻ˻ı仯΢΢һɵѯʵ
˵ͷߣһͽ걻һִ׷ɱû뵽ӵ˱ʮ˹Ѿȥܾˣʬռˡ
ûΪͷһͽ֮ûռҲŹͷġ
ԭˣһڹȻ
䣡
ˡ
λ½ǿߣһڴ׹Ӵ飬ڲԶؿ֮ӡ
ˣҶҲˡ˶ʱס
֮Ѿ٣ֻҶ쵽ɼ֤һ۷֮սˡ
ʱţȻ˷кܶ벽ɢޣǿ߸ʤ
칬㳡ΧѹѹȺסˣգ𺳡
䣡
֮УһѪɫĵâ˺գݺݵغھ칬Ĺ㳡ϡ
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͹⻪ɢ𾪵ط֣ھ칬Ĺ㳡ϣһѪɫħɢſֲϢ
ҶվѪħ棬ĿƽؿŶ֮ӣһϢɲ⣬޷̽ӡ
ҶĳʽԶߡˣͫһԾ
Ҫ֪ղһ˲䣬ֻһӰ˸û뵽ȴҶˡ
ٶȣԽǵǸеѡ
ʣƾٶȣҶ춼ñʮ˹һǿˡ
ˣҶ֮֮޴ӣ׺ݵѪĿУųĹ⻪˸о嶼ˡ
ͷһ۷֮ս٣ǵȴ˰꣬Ϊ˵һ죬ɵһɴ۾ҷŹκһʵ˲䡣
˵˭Ӯʵ
ܶʱͶۣ֮βѡ
⻹ò£϶ҶʤһǿݺͿȵؿҶ졣
ܵȻûôȣҲͬҶʤߡ
ҲЩϱǿ߲ôΪ˵֮ӱǿˣҪǲǼҶδǶ֡
۷׷ףⳡսĽԼ⡣
㳡ϣҶѪħվڹ㳡ϡ֮Ǿ޴ȣһϣڳκˣСꡣ
ⲻҪѡ·ҶĬƬ̣˵
ȴ߲ɣ֮
ǾһսɣҶ̾˿漴̧ͷ貵Ŀ⣬磬˺գ񷡣
ս֮ӴȫâɣֲƵͬһˮû칬㳡
УȣղѣǿѹأܵĹսޱ
֮ӷǳǿǾ޴·һ̫ɽһҶѹڰУһֻ޴צ嫣˺Ѳ񷡣
䣡
Ҷⱬ䣬Ĳľתս壬е˼£һɫս񣬳֮ӡ
͡ҶٶȺܿ죬һɫ磬֮ӵľ޴צ֮ӵźȥ
Ȼ֮׼һֻצſֲܣҶײһ
䣡
·ײĿĹâһƬ貣¡֮·ը졣
˿ֲײ˺ߣ顣
ǿʵڳе߶еľ嶼̲סս
Ҷ֮֮ɢƣǿ֮⣬˶ѵֵ
һײǳֲâɣȣɾ޴·˿ռϣܹõ
һŻָƽֹâһһʧǵ֮УԳֵӰ
𾪣Ŀֲײ˾Ȼû˿ˣΨ֮ӴʮɣҶȴǰࡣ
Ҷʤһս޲ݡ
Ҷ֮ӵֱ޷ȡ
һС֮УȴǱ˱Ҫֲ˲ò𺳡
ǿľתս壬ϧҲ࣬УƵ̾ľѪɾתսĲ㣬ȴ޷ɾתս壬ⲻò˵ǳ
Ȼһ˱ǿʵȾתսĲ١
ǣתսĲűȴ
Ҳ֮Ӹղ·ԭ


423 Ա
칬Ĺ㳡ϣ۷ǿ߶Գ֡
û뵽㾹Ȼתս˵Ĳ㣡֮һ˿֮ɫ漴˵
ͷϾı壬޷ϣҵľתսﵽĲ㣬Ҳδǿ̫ࡣҶƽ˵ǳûһռϷԽС
ߣδ˵̫ˣ֮һȫ±һѪ⣬ƶȻ۷壬·һԶһ㡣
һߣҶȻͬ񹦣屬ɫĹâһɫս񣬵ٲ񷣬ƾ졣
䣡
֮ѹգ̧ͷ쳤Хֲ硣
ͣһͬһȼյ򣬿һٶȣݺݵغҶ죬ȵĻ棬û칬㳡
ս޲ȻһǿϣҲɡ
ȻҶȴη壬ӭȥ

Ҷ죬칬Χ˶һǺȻоΧ¶ȶȻࡣ
ͻȻ˴ѩϢ칬㳡
һ޴ıǽȻҶǰס˺Ĵ
䣡
ݺݵײڱǽ֮ϣȴ޷ǰһϢᣬܵնˡ
칬Ĺ㳡ϣҲȾһı˪ޱߵѩ裬Ƶǧɡ
һƬѩɫ
ȭԶս𾪡
ĹҲ𺳲ѣǶ֪Ҷ쵶ڱһû뵽ȭҲô
˶̽ûóʵͫ׽ضսľǣҶ֮ӵ֮̽Խ
Ҷ֮Ȼܶˡ
䣡
Ҷ쵲ס֮˹âӳʢˣ˫ȭȭͷɢſֲϢһ޵е֮ӡ
һ̣ͬһսȻ޿ƥУ˶ֱӣв
䣡
֮Ӿ޴ȵĻ棬ȫѪųıֳһƬѪ硣µƴоľκˣ졣
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Ҷ˫ȭ죬ݺݵػ֮ӣղ񷶼ըˡ
̧֮צӭƼЯһɿֲڰбըҶӿȥ
䣡
ǿһնһ
µڸ߿з衢Űֲܣأ֮죬칬㳡
У۷ǿ뽩ֵս
һͬһͬսÿһκ캳أɢ޵еϢ
սˣ޲ɴ۾Ըκһʵ˲䡣
۷ǿ߼ҽ棬һδײأ֮η𺳡
Ҷ˫ȭ⣬趯죬µϼϢʹΧգһ綳
֮ѪȾʩչطԼٴһƾ֮ĿֲӲػһǽһβҶ졣
˵Ĳľתս壬ҶʱȻ֮ӣԷռϷ磬зǳȡ
֮ӵôͻȻôǿü
ߣȼѪ֧Ų˶áһѪľҶɱ׾١ۻߵ
˶ʱȻ
֮ѪɵĲľתս壬δ֪֮ܿȼѪ֮Ȼʹ
ҲҶʱеԭ
ȻѪǳޣÿһʧɺܴ˺
֮ӵӴҲ֧Ŷ೤ʱ䣬ȵѪľһʱ¾Ҫ·ˡ
Ȼ֮ҲֻϣܹʱڣնɱҶ죬Ӯôս
ȻΪʤ֮Ѿƴˡ
Ҷ콥иУһ𣬾ѪħٳµɷѪɫ֮кȻϯء
һ˲䣬˵ĲҺЩѪħµ꣬Ѫħ֮У
Ѫն
Ҷȣֲɱ¾⣬ȫԪȫѪħ֮йעȥ
Ѫɫħʱ˷ɢžɱħ졣
ҶΧһѪɫ⻪֣һµնһ·ըһ
¡¡
ֲѪɫâһ񷣣ƥŶֱ֮ȥ
ӴĵâƬأ֮Ӵ޷ֻܴһӭȥ
䣡
â£նһƬƲ㡣
֮ӶȻҺѪ죬һֻ޴צһƬѪ꣬񷣬Ⱦ˾칬Ĺ㳡
ҶĿֲһ캳أùս޲𾪡
Ŀѣ̾ѣľһڳľѩ֮⣬Ҳ޷¡

ҵʹݺݵش̼֮ӵǿʢˡ
ʧȥһֻצ֮֮Ӳ˷Ҷһ֮ûݺݵһβ£ʵʵغҶϡ
֮ӵβͷǳӴֱӾûҶ壬档
䣡
Ҷһڵ棬ضʱһ칬㳡һҡΡ
𾪣ôֲһҶ˲ᣬһѵܾˣ
˰²֮ʣһӰֱ񷣬գɢֲϢ
Ҷ죡
Ǿ
Ҷû˿˵ӣȻЩǱûһѪ壬ȴͷųҵĹ⻪
һٲ񷣬ٶһ֮ӣһȻû֮ǰôֲҲ֮Ӵ֮£ٴһֻצ
شټȼ˲پѪ֮Ӷʱһɫ԰ףϢЩήңæɡ
Ҷû׷ǳֵգŶ֮ӡ
ˣ
Ҷޱ˵֮вûʤϲãֻһɵΡ
ⳡսûսܣֻս֮Ӵȫٳȱ壬Ȼɢֲͬһ̫ħɽѹء
Ҷٵָ죬˵һһâ񷣬´ģֱأ֮ɳȥ
֮Ӳĵؼ˵һ֮µҶ죬ʵﵽ۷״̬ÿһն֮ӵһѪۡ
أ֮ϵ˺ԽԽ࣬ɺѪҺȾӴԵޱҡ
Ȼ֮ȻսȼʣľѪϦĹâҶ졣
οգҶ̾ϢѪħһȭȥǰնᣬס֮ӵĳȴû˺
֮ӵľѪȼյĲˣûҶĹҲԶˡ
ֻ֮һûĵ·֮˵ʣľѪһȼգֲٶȱǣں˱ǽɱҶ졣
ڷ٣ҶٵӣΪ֮Ӵݺݵغɳȥ
ͬ顢ֻҸӷŭ֮Ӵ˳Ҷ죬Ȼбը
ܹսޱ𾪣û뵽֮ӾȻѡԱҶ춼һһʱû㿪֮Աǿֲû
䣡
ɿֲ֮£Ҷ죬ҲѪɳȥ˲ء
ԴˣսĻ֮ӰҶˡ
һƬš


424 ħ
˭Ҳû뵽Ľˡ
֮ӷǳңԸԱҲԸҶͬ
һָ߰Ҳһֲһּǿ
֮Ӹʮ˹˺ܴѣһ̣ٱʮ˹ߣǷǳˡ
䣡
ֲϢͻȻ٣ͬϢ
УҶпоƿ硣
֮ȥʱҶڸоԼƺһʲôһӴﵽľ硣
һ֮ҶΪˮɣֱӽ硣
Դˣ֮䣬ֻһҶ죬֮ӡ
¡¡ֲҶϳɢءͬеĲӿһƬ·𼴽Ƶġ
ΧǷǳ𺳣ҶһӱϢ֮ǰǿʮֹǳֲ
նڶǿӿȣҶΧƲ㶼ˡ
ҶڵĵطγһƬ޷ӽ
ನɢܣɱǿߣһľ
찡СӾȻŽһڹһĻˣôҲû뵽֮ǰǿնɱ֮ӵҶ죬Ȼֻһλ
ÿֲܣûмһλʱĶôֲһϱǿ߸̾
ҶǱʮ˹ʷǿ޲п֡
ʱҶ죬ͬһ飬գѹ񷣬ɢһֲϢ˾
䣡
Ȼ֮䣬һųҵĹâҶͷϿ֣貵Ĺԣһ̫ء
ҶС磡
ǿС磬һǿˡ
ŽܵС磬Ҷʵֱˡ
𾪡
һ˶Ŀɿڴ͡
ΪҶͷϿգһ޴Ĺţ֮ǰǸһƴһҫһΰ
С硭һλ͡
˶ˣһ߾ȻӵС磬𣿹ż֮жûļأֱǵ
ѹҶܹԽսԭС磬ͱȱ˸ߣһ꿡ܻȻҶΪʲôôǿˣ߶ˡ
ֱ̬
ߡ޷˴ʱҲпѡ
ûǸоãĸʮС磬֣ͬһҵ̫񷣬ء
ԴˣȫˣһŴͣ˵
ʮʮƥ
ʮС磬ͬһ̫ҶͷϿտʼγһԲҶУ·һ顣
һ̣ҶϵϢٶǿ˼ʮǿֲѹΧǶܲˣֻܼٺˡ
ЩǿߣòȫֵѹǾҪҶ¿ͷˡ
ϣΨľѩһޱɣˡ˺һξ롣
ҶʱΪȻֻһڵǹɿֲ·ܹƵģ˲
ҶɢƣѹƬ񷣬սͬ
ݴ½ľҲˣԶпѣ֪ҶΪʲôܹΪʮ˹ˣ츳Աȼݴ½ľˡ
Ǳʮ˹Ҫһ˲õˡ
ҶгΪ츳
һڹ޲̾
һߣȻܹӵʮС磬ֱ漣޷顣
ڽʱҶĵƣڱ¶ǰʮ˹
ʱҶѾνˣѾվڱʮ˹۷壬
Ҷȴû۾ϵϢͻȻȶˣҪըһ𾪲ѡ
ô£ľѩ۾һУ֮оⱬضŸ߿еҶ졣
ţЩҲܿ췢
ôоҶҪԱһü
ҶȻ֮䣬ϢǿֲϢͬڱŰʹⷽһƬ
һĻ˾ɡ
û˵Ҫ˵ģ
ԣ˾𾪣ȴûеǡ
û֪ҶһҪѡ
֮ҶĹѪħѪħոѾ˽˵һѪħ
ûм˹Ϊѡǰ
ǳѵѡ
ѡ񶼹غС磬ҹغԺ֮·غҶԺճɾ͡
ҶܲܳΪʥ񣬶Ҫѡ
ԣԸᶨҶ죬ʱҲɵóˡ
ʦûдѪħڽʱʮС磬츳ǿһţҲ˶ѡ˺˻Ψһ磬սʥҶг˼
һѡѪħʥ·Ѫħʥľָ㣬ԺΪʥҲ⡣
ǣҶѪħʥ˻ᣬǰ˵ľգȫҪѪħʥ·ͿڴʱΨһ硣
ڶѡǿڵһѡɵӶ֪ѡڶ֡
ѪħʥҶ찲ŵĺ·Ҳڶѡ
ѡ·ҶھͿԽʮСΪһ壬ǿΨһ磬츳˲ݴ½һС
ʱҶ츳ɺ߾ľѩܹվݴ½һ۷塣
Ҷ컹еѡǾǷУתʮС磬ΪһٸС硣
һٸСȻǳֲΨһ绹Ҫһ㡣ңС̫࣬ԺҶÿһΪȱ˼Ѱٱ
ڶѡȣѡôԵЩߣûҪѡ
ҶȴԥˣĿҰĵĹâ
ʦ·۾ʱŽʮСΪһ壬Ψһ磬Ȼ˽ʥĳʡҶг˼
һٸС磬Ȼ۾ʱһٸСΪһ壬ôγɵΨһ磬ǿޱȡ
ҶڵѪҺЩˡ
ܽһٸСΪһ壬ΨһǷǳѵģݴ½ʷϣδ˳ɹ
ǺʣһҶɹĻôΨһ磬Խеš
ԺҶǷ壬շѹЩʣѪš
ʲô֮塢֮壬֮壬Ҫվ
ĻҶʥһģΪ˺ܴϣ
ԣҶԥϢЩˡ
һоĳɹ֮·ǳߣԺĳɾҲܸߣɵؿԳΪʥ
һûоļ֮·ֱܳɹɹĻܳΪʥеǿߣ˽Ļ
ѡ
ҶԺмҶţһѡһһѡһʼն޷ȷ
أҶһ˿ɫĻ棬ɢħԵĹâҶͷȾһѪɫ֮⡣
ãħȵ
Ҷ磡ľѩҲˣҶ⣬Ҫȥˡ
ôôħһڹϱǿ߶ˣû뵽ղŻǿҶ죬Ȼħ
߽ȷħʥҪ䡣
ħĶࡣ
һħסԱ߳Ϊɱ˲գۣûǵɱħͷ
ԣߵУħһɣµһѡ


425 ٽͬ
һٸС磬貣޵Сһһ㽫ԽޣپۣΪʷǿһš
֮·ȻѣҲҪУԽԼ帺ֻ
ҪΪƾһ鷲壬ܹɹΨǲܳɹ飬ȭͷһͨ񾳽ĵ·
ѭ浸أ˳У֮·ŻΪƽ̹
ƽ̹ĵ·֮·ǲܳΪǻŻʲô˼

칬㳡ϿգҶȫһѪ⣬գɫħ棬ڶ⣬ȼ
УֲҲһɹϢ֮Χ˶˾޴ѹȸС
Ҷ첻ϵؾԼѡ֮У޷԰ΣħԽԽˡ
һȱݣҶ飬һ˿ȱݡ
ǰҶ죬ȱݣһ֮ӵ꣬µɱ䣬ŵ´һЩȱݡ
ⶼ֮ӵļ£֮ңȱݺܴӰ쵽Ҷ졣
ҶԼҲû뵽顣
⣬ħԽԽǿˣ߳˵
УҶɢĿֲԽǿƱ˲ƵģһƬ
Ҷ硪ľѩѡ
Ҳǳ
ʮ˹ˣҲڵģһӢܣӦþȥǱʮ˹һشʧ
Ȼħ֣޷ԤģΪҲ
ڶ֣ҶԼѣɱħġ
⵽ΪʲôҶ磬ôħľѩǽɻ
ħΪȱݣҶһ·޵УǴܱʮ˹޵֣һ޵ǿߣôܻᵮħ
ľѩڣһڱʮ˹ĹҲǳɻ
䡭
ҶʮС磬ʱԲã緢һ˵Ϣ
ʮСǳңâ貣̫ҪҫۣɢֲҪըѿһ
ܶ˶˵ԶԶģΪһҶԱôǿ߶Ҫ
һǡ
һ̾ϢȻҶԺ𣬷·ƽؾףȻҶ쾪ѡ
˭Ҷ˲ֹͣЩ𾪵̽ܣȴûзκһˡ
ʵϣҶڳԼĺ֮УȻûĶڡ

һ׷ߣȻҶǰ˫Ŀ⣬Ҷ쿴޾ǳжʱ𺳡
ػϣҶ쾪
˵ȷػϣ칬ȻҶ֮ӵһսҲӦҶ߻ħ
ʹôͨҶĺҶ졣
֪Ѿ߻ħˣػƽؿҶ죬˵
ʲôҶ𾪣ȴţԼţһ·޵Уû˿ôܻᱻħ֡
ЦҪħһͷܽ
Ҷ뵽
ʵϣû֮ӵ꣬ôҶȷõ
ȱݣ֮ӵġ
Լɡػûз˻֣ǰֳһƬããĻ档
ڻ֮УҶգȼȵħ棬Ѫҫۣһ߻ħ״̬
ҶԶǽľѩˡ
ôܣҶ𾪣š
ʵʤһУòԼ߻ħˡ
ôôħҶˣޱȽȥɡ
ػҡҡͷʮ˹վСط޷ӵǿ֮ģ֮󣬸ҽǰݴ½ɡ
ҡҶ쿴ػϡ
סһǿߣԲỳԼľһʹǰǵɽ𺣣ҲҪֱǰػͻȻȡ
䡭
ҶоԺһͬඥе˼·һ˲
ͬʱУ̫ͬըҵĹâҶϱޱȡ
Ѿѡһ·ֺαٻɣ
յҶ죬Ȼ˫ʵʻĽɫ˫Ŀ֮м˲񷣬˺գƥ
䣡
ըѣޱߵƴҶϷӵ˶еһɿֲѹľѩڣ˶о
𾪵ҶڵգһƬ貣âޱȳңһ̫ըһ
ޱߵĹԣû˲񷣬ء
𣡡
ȻҶվ˫ⱩǣһХ𶯾졣
䣡
ʮС磬ͻȻ뱬貵Ĺâһҫ۵İɫֱ񷣬رϣһɹɿֲ޵
ݵʱһſž޴İɫŲϳ֣ƥܣգҶıгһΰǳͼ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ҶʮС磬ڷɱ䣬ݻһٸС磬Ҷıء
һٸС磬뱬ޱߵĹԣ貵Ĺâޱȳң˲ذããһƬ

˾
ľһڹڣ˶۾ܲɳҵĹâ
УҶ챳һ嫵ǳͼһСһٿҫ۵ǳΧϵ׳
ͬʱҶϵϢԽԽֲһٸС磬̫Ӵˣ˲
ȣҶһоȫ³һȭܴƲ񷣬һƾɱ
һ޵еʵҶš
վѡ˵·Ҳѵ·ܳɹһɹôǳɾġ
¡¡һٸС貣ɢΰܣһƬҡ
һӿȣӲ֮£ȫҶСա
һ־޴ı仯Ҷȫڷ⣬Ө͸ˮͶɣÿһ缡ǳѪ֮жй⻪ķ˿ڷ
ʵı仯Ҷ츳Դ˸ı䣬Աȼľѩվݴ½һС
Ҷһȫڼļָɫʣͷһž죬ϡ
һٸҵС磬ȫʧػָƽ
ʱΧˣҲ۾
ȻֻϢҶ죬ƽ˹ûһ˿һϢ¶豹档
ô£
𣿡
ղŷʲôˣ
оɣǴ˸ղŵľ˲䣬֪Ҷ쵮һٸС硣
Ҳޱɻֱǣղһ˲飬ȴ޷֪
Ҷ磡ľѩôҶްʱ˵ӭȥղҶ߻ħֱŻˡ
Ǻǣû£ҲˣˡҶľѩСԴЦ
ܸˣڸľѩˣԼŮ˳ԽǻЩ
СӣʮС磬ǹð˹һ
Ҷ֣ղŷʲô飿ôӵʮС磿ߡ޷硢ٻ۷ǿ˹ɻʵ
ˣʲô飬Ȼȥ֮ٸ˵ҶЦ
ҲӦˣʱҶȻҪ¡
ңҶΪ𣬶Ǳʮ˹ǿߣµʱ˶ҪհҶķɡ
գһ꿡ܴӵҶ죬ֱӸ󽭹Ĵֿ


426 ָ
עһֵӣʮ˹һƬ֮С
ԴҶ֮ӣ֮վ˱ʮ˹۷塣
ΪҶλĽ磬ʮ˹ߣѾӸظͬʥһ㣬ֿ
ҶǾٰ죬ҶȫȨ
һɽ˺ҶǶˣ޷ǣֻڳӪ
ˣҶҲΧʮ㣬ȥѹѹһƬȫߵӰ
ʮ˹ųɵǿ߶ˣһλλĹգɢǿ
һλλϱǿߣҲվڸ߿Уͷųܡ
Ϊ̫ˣ첻òĵص㰲ڸ߿УһشٶҲװ¡
öǿ߰
ϻҶĴ磬˭Ҳ
Ǳʮ˹۷ʱ̣

һ۷׷ס
ҶĴ磬ʮ˹ǿ߾ԸһЩͼҲûʶ
⣬˭֪ҶܿҪ뿪ʮ˹ˣһ޵һڲĻԺܾܿͿˡ
ңߡ޷ǿߴʱҲһãƾҲһڳǵ˸ˡ
ڴĿУܿĻҶһ´֮ҶǶʱһƬڡ
Ҷֻƽ˵˼䳡滰Ҳ˹ơȫһƬڡ
һλλŮǿƣЩͼߣֻܿûˡ
ȻǶԴ˲ں˳˹ۿһŵķ֮⣬ϣҶ콲һЩ顣
ÿǿɵľҲˡ
Ϊһǿߣ͵ȣԼľ˵ͬ󱲲ο
ǹ顣
Ȼܶǿߣڽ⾭ʱ˽ס
Ͼⶼܣ˵һͲˣƽ׹£ûô˽ߴ
ΪһҶ½һ㣬Ҳˡ
ߡ޷ˣڿҶ׼ʱҲϢȫע´κһֽڡ
Ҷգׯ£ڽ
ڽľĵãҶûһ˿ȫ˳
˲ͬϣʮ˹ܹǿͷչԳô˻ʮ˹岻ݴǡ
ܶѾҶ콲˻һ֪Ҷûһ˿һ𾪺;塣
˽ҲѹҶΪ
ǿ߶Ҷұʮ˹γܷչ̾ϢЩ˵
һڹҲǿҶĿУȴ˾̾
ߡ޷磬һЩϱǿߣһЩûн꿡ܣϸϸţӡ֤Լ֮·
Ҷ콲˺ܾãúϸǳ
ϱǿϲ¶ĹâȻڶҶݡ
ڰ벽۷ٶ꣬ҿ磬лҶȫ
лҶָ㣬Ϸк飬ܷԸ
лҶָ㡭
߼ذݵ
ΧһЩϱǿĽȴûһ˿ʣҲջܴȻϾܽҲ˶ߣԶˡ
ҶһȻǱʮ˹λ˳ޡ
Ҷգ΢Цɨݵһ̧ۣһҲݲȥ
𾪣ҶĿԽˣҶʵɲ⡣
ǵĻԵлңҶ쵭Цʮ˹һӵλҲܸˡ
ûҶָ㣬ǵĻԵ߶Ҷмѡ
Ҷ״ٶԡ
ĽߵõҶָ㣬аʦͽϵԺȻҶ죬Ҷǡ
¾ҶԺ뿪˱ʮ˹ҶҲǱʮ˹ǿ
Ҷ֣ǿӵʮС磬֪ôһ£޷翪˵
һǿԣҲסڴؿҶ졣
⾭֮½ҲбҪһЩʣǶָɡ
޷ʣڳĵ飬ԶʱһһڴضҶ졣
Ҷϵѯ⣬׼һЦ
ʵݴ½ھʱӵϵС磬ǳ֪һЩǿţӵһٸС磬ࡣǱʮ˹û䣬ûصĵ伮Сϵź١
Ҷ˵ܹʮС磬ҲǿʦѪħĴйѪħҲǳѡ
Ľ
Ҷ֣Ѿˣ֪ܲС磿ʱʵ
Ҷ쿴ߣҡͷЦǿԣ㲻ģΪɵӲŻȥġ
Ŷ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ҲɻؿҶ졣
Ҷ͵С粢ԽԽǿ̫ʥĵ伮Ͽݴ½ţֻһС磬Ψһ硣
ԺҲὫʮСΪһ壬ǿΨһ硣
Ҷ첢ûйѪħѾΪʥˣ˸ѣ̫ʥ͡
˶Դ˺ɣΪǾ칬û˸ɡ
Ψһ²һСɣ޷Ŀһʵ
Ҷ͵صͷΨһһС磬һСȴδΨһ硣һҲ֪ԺһЩɣͻ֪ˡ˵ǣС磬ĵ·һΨһ硣
һҲûҪķʱ;Сˡߵ˵ͷʱ
Ψһ磡һڹҲǳ˷ܣһ·ҲʺǣȻѳɹһ
һЩ꿡⣬Ҷ춼һһ
ջ񶼺ܴһ⣬ҶĿ⣬Խη͹ˡ
ΪҶѣҶܴʳһ˶֪⡣
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˳ԱҶЦԵ÷ǳˡ
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һȺŵĵߴߴ˵ͣһ˷ܡ
ʵϣҶ֮󣬼ŵĵԽԽ࣬˶Ҷġ
ҲʹԽԽǿǿ߱űΪʮ˹ǿ֮һ
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Ϳʤ׼ʫ״ӽһţպãʫϺϵҲ˳ˮۡ
ȻʤԷǳ˷ܣæͷͬ⡣
ĳȻ


429 
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Ǿ칬ʥӣлƾ칬Ϊ칬ĹλɱڻҪߡһҲ˵
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ڣ칬Ҳݴ½ǿֱ߲ƿ֪


430 Ĺ
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˻һڶʱһеĳȫ
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Сһˣɡʻ£㱻һ͵𣬵վ
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ĹһֱĽأΨһЩﵽľӢܽĹϴ⡭ⲻ˽ɡһϳɵ
Ҳھ칬ʥ㲻ˣҾáʥӽã츳ǽϴĺʱһˡ
ͬʥӽĹ칬ıö࣬㱾ǮԸ⸶̸£ʥӣ
Ҳͬ⣬££ûеߡĹǵĽأ˱ӵܣñ˽У
ͬ£᲻úײסǣҪ£סʥţҪ´Ǯ
Ҳͬ⣬岻ΪʥӽĹͻû䣬Ϊʥǿǿ󡣡

۷׷ס
أԽԽĳϣͬҶĹ
ʣµļǿĳϣֻҧ죬ٷˡ
Ȼ
һ£ôڻָƽĿ⣬ɨɨλϣ˵ǾôˣһοĹʥһнϴ񡣡
Ӣһ峤˵
ϣ㲻Ҫñʧ΢΢һЦգ

һľıԺҶ쿴˷ܸĻʱӭȥ
ôôͳˣҶЦ˵ΪкܶҪѯʻء
ٺ٣˵飬ѾطʴȻҪѯʡٺЦβס˷ܣҶǳ档
ôô˵ӣĪʽʲôҶʵ
ٺ٣˵ˣʴ˸ղҸһĹϴ񡣡˷֮ɫȲظҶ졣
ĹҲܽȥʲôöʲôϴ񣿡Ҷһ˼⡣
оͷæֵˣϸ˵
Ĺǿȥ鴦Ҳʬ֮أңֻдﵽʾǿߣʸĹĹ֮УŸԻԵõıЩûʶǰꡣЩɶϵǿߣȻѾȥˣǲл֮ȻһЩ䡣
˵Щ䵱УЩǿ似ЩصطһЩõϢ֮ĹһõطȻûнȥȴ֪ÿһĹӵܣΪҲ弶
ǱأҶ۾һΪҪֱأĻԵ
ˣ˵Ĺ֮ҵһصϢõ౦Ϊһ·ǣΪǿĳϡĽ˵
ĹӵҪȥĵط
ĹҲƵģΨΪܽ룬ҲУҲС
ңֻһЩţܽĹǲġ
ͨӵܣûʸĹģ룬˵İɡ


431 
ıأҲܽȥ
ŻҶһĶʱˣ˫⡣
Ҳıأܣһ˵ǲ˽ġ
ԣҶܺ棬ѵʥӵô
ЦʥӣʴԵȥҲմĹܽȥġЦ˵
Ҷԣһâ˲
ػڣ岻ҰôôпܾǽˡҶ찵뵽һӾͲµʵ⡣
Ҷ⣬лĹϵڣͺкøСʻôǮȻмѡ
Ժѣ岻ݴǡ
ҶԸһжػгر
ʵĿǴˣʵϣõıԳĴҶ죬ҶȻлġ
סͣ󣬻Ҷȥˣ֮⣬š
ⲻǼҶ죬Ϊ˸Ҷ췽㣬Ͼܶ˲ʶҶ죬һ۽Ҷ죬
ң·Ҷﶼȥģû˸ҵ·
ⲻ׵׷ÿһ·
˶Ҷͻָָ㡣
ףǲСôôӣ·
ǸС˭ƺûϢߡ
˻Ȼ·СûôȨĪС

һɻͺ棬һ·Ҷͻ۷׷ס
Ҷ첻Ĵۿķɡ
Ǻ˷ܣһɫ߻߳ܵȺ֣һĽʺޣҶ
ʱʵĹдһ޴Ĺ㳡ֵļУ˷ӵܵӰ
Ҷ찵࣬ǵһοôϣܶ໯εɲ⡣
ǿ̫ˣҶ쾪̾
ڱʮ˹ǿߣһšҳһˣҪǿöࡣ
޷ʡۣ𼶱ǿߣһӶˡ
Ҷо۽󿪣һӷ·һأǸմ߳ũ񣬿˷ĶС
ʵϣһЩݴ½Ļʳ͵۹Ҫǿĺܶ࣬ݴ½Ƿǳǿһ
ҶһӴûıʮ˹ٵȻӦӲϾ
ʵϣݴ½ôǿ߾ۼĵطҲǷǳϡٵġ
ҶȫΪ̫ˡ
ʦܣ㿴ֻһЩܳţܵɽӣȥԿͻȻָŲԶһ߷˷ܵ˵
Ҷתͷȥһ޴ɽ壬ǳΰ·һԶžˣڲ֮£ɢźİĲϢ
ɽԲҶ찵ȡ
͸Ʋ㣬Ҷɽһ޴ӣһҳ·ܾûƵġ
ڰɽɽ棬ӵʵǣһͷ󺹣ȴʼյǲ۷壬ߵҲֻ֮ĵĸ߶ȶѣɽкܴһξ롣
Ҷ첻ɵøе棬ɽʵ𣿵ʲôܣһԵĻɻ
ҶɻĿ⣬ٺһЦ漴͵
Ҽǵø˵칬ĻɽͷǿҲǵڡһλڵļѾǧʱ䣬ʵϣÿһݣ̺ǿѹԽѹԽ󣬲Ǿ۵ţǲܵǵȥ羴֮ɫ
ǲкιϵʵԽ󣬵ȥĿԽ𣿡ҶȻɻʵ
ˣǳͬȼȥܵѹҲǲͬġΪԽߣܵѹԽǿԵߵĵȼûйϵΪߣռݲһơԺ˵
ǵΪ˿Щ˵츳ЩӵţܻһЩôɣҶ۾һУЦ˵
ûкôЩһôȥʵǣԣָЩʵǵӵܣٺЦ
ʲôôҶȤʵ
ʷϣвŵ۷壬ӡȻõ˺ôǸԵõĶͬǻһǿ似ǻط˻һЩĵرֱӱΪ
û˵꣬ǰͻȻתһЦС壬²֪㿴ؾ칬Ƕʱ䣬̫Ѿӣõıʶ𾪲ѡ
ʲô̫ӾȻˣ𾪣漴ͳݡ
̫ǺˣҶɻʵ
ʴΨһһӣ츳ھͬһֱĵһţݴ½Ҳһľš֮ɫ
óλ̫ӷǳ𾴺ͳݡ
Ҷ첻ɵúλ̫ӵôһûôݣֱˡ
ǰң̫Ӵ˵׵õʲô𾳽ʴ˶𾪣ֱܰλ̡
ҶҲɵ䣬ɫȻλ̫ӵõıǱѰ𾳽ʶ޷򶨡
ڵһξѪ֪ʥǿߣһʥľѪһ˵嶼˷ܵĲ
˻ҶҲһʥǿߵһξѪֱѹʶˡ
ʲôֱӱˣֻ۾Ӷɳˡ
ڵһξѪ˻
˵ˡ
ܹҶҲǿʥǿߵһξѪݴ½Ҳһ
ʥǿߵľѪкܶô·֮Խһͨʥļ
ﲻòһݴ½ļ𻮷֣ͼͨǿʥ
һʥȻ̸ϻأҲ
ҶһʥôɱǿߣǿҲκβ
ȻҪܹһʥѪôѪΪǿ츳лõѪ̺֮ʥ֮ķ
ԣʥǿߣֻʣһѪ⣬ָܹܿ壬ֱǴĴڣѱɱ
ΪʥǿߣѪ֮У̺˲ķֻнɱһѪ£ɱʥ
ΪɱһЩ۷ʥǿķʥ⣬ʥΪ޴Ҳѱ˴ɱԷ
ҶѪħ߾磬ܹʥһѪȻȻؽʥ硣
ò˵ѪħѪħʥȷһλ˲õ


432 ʵ
⣬ʥǿ߾ѪƳ༫ƷǣгĿ
һѹʶˡ
Ҷ첻п̫ӵĻԵ˫ŲԶг˻ȡ
ˣ̫أͻȻǰ
̫ǵξѪͻƵ۾磬ʮǰǰݴ½˵ҪѧԺޣһ羴˵
ʲôѧԺҶʵܾ棬̫ӶۼĳǿˣõȥѧԺ
Ժη˵
Ҷɻؿ
ݴ½ǿߵѧԺ㱻ΪԺݴ½ֻԺֱѧԺѧԺȸѧԺ׻ѧԺѧԺ˵
Ҷ찵ľ񼶱ǿߣЩԺĵ̿²Ⱦ칬ٰݴ½
Ȼ˵Ժݴ½쵱ĴǴλ˭ֻҪţʸѧޡ
ԺҪܸߣܹȥĶţͨ߿Խȥġһ֮ɫ
ݴ½Ժʥء
ݴ½һţԺԺҲʥǿߣ½ǧ꣬õ˲
̫츳ټǵڵľѪδĳɾͲ壬Ҫһλˡ˷ܵ˵
󣬻Ҷ죬ڴ˵ʦܣҲȥԿǾ칬ѡʥӣ츳Ӧò̫ӲŶԣ˵Գɹ
ʥӿȥԿ
ûǹ֪Σ
λҲǳڴ
Ҷɨһۣ΢΢һЦãһȥ
˵ʵڵģҲܺ棬̫ӾȻõʥǿߵľѪоһƬȣȻȥԿ
Ѿ˼ٴΣ֮һԿȻʵһδʧܣѾˡ
ҲУҲһЦȻʼǿߣı֣
Ҷ첻ɵøӺˣô
ǿҵڴҶˣһȥ
ף쿴ȥˣѲҪʵ𣿡Χ˿Ҷ˵·ߣʱ
Сλ˲ʵǣѵǸСӡ˲²
ྐྵȻʴ˿أλԸ棬ȥܹʵǵʲôز
һȺ˶ʱȥ
ϼûʲô仯ƽûʲô֣֮⣬
ѵÿҶߵߣȻǳ棬һӾ;ۼһˣȥ
޴ɽ壬ͨ쳹أᴩ񷣬·һ˺ա
˲ɽȻһͷͷǰöô°
ҶŴͣ𺳣ǰɽӴĲ󣬶ڵļ
ڵı壬ôöôӴ
⿴ΰܲµڣǺεȵʥ֮Ҳڶһеġ
ʵϣҶµĲ칬ŵʥʵǳ£Ѿӽʥˡ
ǵľ칬һλǿߣܽͷʥ۷弶
ʥӣ㡣
ʼǰͣ½ŲҶ칧һ
ҲڰֵҾͲȥˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ȭ鷳λǰˡ
˵գҶڻڴĿУ̤˵һݡ
Ų֪ٲݵɽҶһһǿѹ·ԶźģϢҶ˶С
ѹǵһѹ治󣡡Ҷüͷһ壬ɽĿ⣬ɵࡣ
쿴Сʵǣ֪ܹٲ㣿ʱЩӵҲ˹һҶ
λʥӴˣ죡˺ȵ
˶ʱһ
ʥӴˣѵǾ칬ʥӣ
칬Ȼʥˡ
ʮ˹СطȻĳһߣ治󰡣

һ˶ʱˡ
ΪӵܣǶԾ칬ȻİΪػ칬
Ǿ칬ػϣͬһԶӵܵУǾ칬
С˭
ҶʵǣԼһȺ˵ĹȻҲЩʵŵע⡣
ʱһĿ⣬ҶͶ
ҶЩĿɨ˹ȥ΢΢һЦûᣬʵǡ
ߣЩż״ɵһҲʵǡ
ǧŰپʮŲݣÿ춼ʵǣǲ۷壬ͨϵҲǿ־
ţǿԼǿʵ
Խ£Խ࣬ԽϣԽ١
ԣһʼʵǵʱҶ˵Ĺע
Ҷ첢ûбֳʲôµʵʵǵĲ죬Щͨһûʲô۵ĵط
ʱ䳤ˣЩʵǵţҲҶˣֻҶֻһƽʵ߶ѡ
Щ֪ҶˣʱҲɵһ̾Ϣоǳ
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˵ϾҶı֣ȵһˡ
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Ҫ֪Ϲʱ칬ʥӣһݺݴ½޵
ϣڵʱֻҪ칬ʥһǾ𶯣ͬ޵еľϱǿ߶ʰ·硣
Ժӣ칬ʥӣҲǰܶӮ١
Ȼ칬ѾûˣУȻþ칬ǳֲⶼػĹ͡
ǣҶ죬һӵܣòϣ칬ǳûˡ
Ǹе겻ѣһ޵еĴУѵ˥
Ҳв⣬ǰ֪Ҷ츳ԲôǷֱʿصʥӣȻ˵Ĳʧ֮
룬ʱҶ죬Ȼ᲻ʵš
ʮ㡭ʮһ㡭ʮĲ㡭һʮ㡭ʮһ㡭
ԽʵǣҶоסԼѹԽ¡
ȻʵȷʵǵĿһ㡣ҶԼĴ㣬Ҫоһ£ѹôģô˵Ϊ仯
ΪоЩҶٶȣһظѹı仯ڱ⣬
ȻҶҲ˵뷨ѾһЩķ֡
һֽ࣬Щѹйɵģѭĳֽ࡭Ҷ۾
ĸӦ֮£Щǿѹ·һĳֲΪ֪ĽС
Ҳֻ߲Żᷢ⣬ӵܣʣһЩϲսĿȷӣûҶһ۲ѹǿķʽͱ仯


433 ذ
ŶʥҲȥʵţȤ
Ի͵Ĺ֮У¶΢ЦǰһĨʱ¶һƬͬӰӰ񣬳ҶʵһĻ
֪칬ôʥӣܲܵĴЦ˵ǲϵ⣬һ˸һâ
һڳϣҲĿԴֳͨľ
Ϊ칬ȴǧʥӣҶı֣ǣ˵ġ
ԽԽӵܣʼƼɽͨжӵڹ
ţʥӵٶȣЩ֮ڣһ峤üͷ
Ҷıֻ֣һ㣬ЩŲ࣬ţкܶˣҲܳΪ칬ʥӣôЦδ⿪ˡ
ðƻɣ֮ǰһЩҶĹĳߵ
ûȫϸӺɡʷˣۻȻ²ҶڸʲôȴܹܵҶ첢ûþȫ
Ҳ˵ͷ
һЩǿߣ𽥷⡣
ȻҶʵǵٶȲ죬ЩȣԵ÷ǳɣ·ͥɢһ򵥡
Щţÿʵһɫǳأͷ˺ΣȻƴȫʵǡ
һȽϣҶǷʵ֪ˡ
֣СʲôĳϲɵðԷ̰
ϣҶ첢֪ʵһĳϣҲڹۿʵǡʱ˸˷ܵĹâϲá
Щǿѹͬɣг룬·𼯺صĺ˻
Ҷ쵹һ
óԼĽ۾ˣλڣͨѹģغ嫣ֱӵеֶΡ
ΪʲôҪôҶ֮࣬ɵЩɻϸ۲Ļƾˣ֪²ܷܡ
䣡
ͻȻһӸڲԶ
ƣʱӿͬնѹһɹɺƵŲԶһλǿ߳ȥ
𣡡ֻλǿߴһǿʵǶϣһ̤ʮҶ˦
ǿʼǿߣԵԶԶԽ硣Ҷ쿴Ľ
ʾǿߣƿһɵɵǼֱǻأԶԶԱġ
£һҲ򲻹һʡ
ΪǿߣµߣǿҲԼСԪ
ʾǿߣĲǻƿΧһɵ
ԽǿʣܹԽࡣ
ǿҲܺأԣҪԶԶǿ
ղŵλʣһӵΧ֮ʵǵһֲĳ̶ȣһʵ˼ʮ
ˡ֮
ȻҶ춢ŲԶλǿߣɵ۾һ˫֮Уҵ⡣
죡أ֮
ҶţĿƺգһ嫵ǿգͻȻǰ
ǿͼ
һſѭĳֹ켣֮Сһϵ·Ȼɣ֮ܲ
ˣҶ۾ٴ貵⡣
˲䣬ĿɿڴĿУҶһ̵ع򣬾ʹԭȵǧݣһ
ȥѣǳס
˷ӦʱҶѾǰ
ôˣϰ𣿡Сֹ
ҲǳɻҶ졣
ȻҶûˣתһ˸ɻĿУ̤˽ݡ
Ǹʲô
ʲôͬ𣿡
˷ʱ䣡

һӵޱɻ󣬾λʥӴǲӻˣѵһΣѹͼ
ЦڳӵܣһʵǹٴʼնҪһѹ
ʦڸʲôҲ֮ɫ
ʥӿʲô֣ʵǿټϾҶܽʲôǲš
ǵ۾ҶĽŲ
ͬǰһʵǣٶҲûкܿ죬ʼվʲôı䣬ϤĲ·֮д
ܰɡŸոսðʱ𺳡
ʱĹ֮УʵһĳϣҲҶͻȻӦ
˵СӲаɣԶϰˡ֮ǰҶĹһλ峤ϹЦ
û˵꣬Ĵϱߵߣ㻹һλۣɴϹۣϸĽŲʲôͬ
ţλ峤ɫʱһؿ֮еҶ졣
䡭ҶȻȻ̤һɡ򵥣ٶȣȴԽԽ졣
ͬһƵģҶʵǣһʮݡʮݣһٶݡ
ֻܿҶӰӣҲĲٶȼֱһ㡣
⡭ⲻܣλ峤ɫ䣬˼غ
˭֪ǿѹ¾ȥҲҶٶȡ
Ȼʵǰݲš
찡ҿʲô⻹𣿡棬һĿɿڴ˼֮ɫ
Ҳǵɴ۾𾪡
Ȼذ壬Ȼذ壬ܰʴҲõ
𾪡
ʱ֮УʵһĳϱֳĬһ棬ֳ𾪡š𺳡šɻɫ
ȷذ壡ΣʲŲŵ̾˿ǿߣоԼ˫ڲ
Ǿ˰ÿһ̤һصĿռڵ֮ϣܿеѹɵص۷塣Ĵһ֮̾ɫ
峤ϣҲۼǿߣʱҲȻԭ
ǲһС
ֻϵľ磬ܲһذ壬ЩۼǿߣҲֻһذ塣
𼶱ĳǿߣذҪһЩҲҵһƬصĿռڵ㡣
ʵϣֻȫذʥǿߣҶҳһƬصĿռڵ㡣
ҶŽΪ
Ҳѹʵһĳϲһˡ
ЩͬƺֻһƬĿռڵ㣬ĵطѵͻȻ֮ϵվ˫ϵӣ˲伤ҵâǰա
ⲻǿţĴƿռ䣬һĳϣʵʵؿǰĿռˡ
ռ䣬Ψ𾳽ǿߣܴƿռϣɻذ
ԭˣ
Σջ貵Ŀ⣬Ρ
Ĵ˼̾˿û뵽ں±أҵȲФȴɷ
һ峤ϣʱҲеԵʣһ


434 

ٶôô죬ֱƷһ
ⲻܣôǿѹʵǶѣοܣ

棬һ𾪣Ŀɿڴ
棬һЩʵǵӵܣҲ𾪣˼ؿŴԼߺХҶ졣
أֻܿҶıӰҲ׷ҶĽŲ
һǧ㡭ǧ㡭ǧ㡭
Ҷ콫˶˦󣬾һЩʵǵĿɿڴԽͣ½ŲŴʹ㶵ҶıӰ
̫ˣ
Ҷһһݣ۷塣
޴ӣһҳ·ǧꡣ
ȻҶ̤۷ʱӺȻĻҳ䣬¶ɫ壬˸ҫ۵Ĺԡ
¼ģذ屾ԴϣЩܹеõϧ޴ֻ֪һζص۷壬󱦲أȴǰװ͸˱ˣ
֮УĴΡ
Ҳ̾ʵʱҲֻһζҪ۷塣
һ峤Ҳ죬ޱǼǰҶĳϣʱҲͷ˵ˡ
ҶԼж
С˭ôô죿ǧٶʮһϣһԾؿҶıӰ
һľţѾ̤ʾ磬ܹԽǿߣݴ½Ҳŵεġ
ڣһֱֻǲ̫Ӷѣ֮⣬ˣȼ磬޷Խ
񣬶Ȼһ泬
ܿͷҶһ࣬ӵܡ
˵ؾ칬СҪ̫ʥʥǰĪǾǴˣȻ۾һУ³Ҷ
һţλȻͬһ㣬֪ܶš
Ҷݣͨӵ˵ܲǺȴʹӳ֪ˡ
ϾһλǿϵĵϵλǷ
̫ʥʥӣʵٶȣԶԶ̫ӺˡɫҲûһ˿֮ɫ
ʵϣӵУ칬һֱǿĴУϾǵڣǾ칬Ļɽޡ
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436 ׵紫
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Ҷ첻ɵɻؿʣҲǺ峺˵ҲֻһЩż֮˽⵽Ϲʱǿݴ½Ϊʱ칬ǿܵҵĹɣҲܵĹ˲ء
ǿߣҶɻˡ
ѵˣ뿪ݴ½ȥˣʵϣ˲²⣬磬Ĵ½ڡ˵
ҶʱȻ
̫ʱϹʱǿ뿪ݴ½ȻȥһطҲǾ硣
ߣ粻ֹһиࡣ
̫ˣݴ½ûпҶ첻̾Լʵ̫Сˣֻ߳ʮ˹֪ԭô
ӹгҶ찴Լǰ̫ɽغϣͬ
ȻҶȤǺֻܴڽ̫ɽһЩϢ
̫ɽϾȥ֪ϢԶԶҶУҶҪǰݴ½ҪĵطΣպܶ࣬Ҫǰ׼
һ£ԷǳȫӱȥҪܵϾ۹̫ɽϸΪҶ
Ҷţɹغİȫɲӡ
Ҫע֮⣬СǳҡﾭսСսһСľͻᱻǣȥû۵Ϊ޷ͨ̫ɽЦ˺ܶΣգʵǿ󣬿¾ͻزˡ
壬һЩ֮⣬ĿǰҲֻ̫ӴӴ˵뿪ݴ½
Ҷǳģ뵽һ뿪ߡ޷ˣºѰȫͨ˵ҪһЩ
ҲǵѡҶ޷ңֻ̾Ϣ
ʥӣˣԶȻһȡ
Ҷͽ̫ɽʱͷȥĻ˹߻
ôҶæʵͻȻֲõĸо
̫ɽҲЩ졣
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ƣôҶһæʵ
ˣʴ˾Σˡ
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Ҷ죿ƿˣɵþϲؽе
֡ҶӲҪסƣȴַ֪ƲֹϹһֻ۾˫Ҳʧȥˡ
뵽俤֮ӣȴһ˫۾ʧĶҶ̲ס۾ˣгɱ⡣
˭ɵģҶ˵г޾ɱ⡣
һֻ۾ϵ˫ۣɱһ߻Ҫܡ
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ԼСǿޣãӵˡ֮䣬ͻƣٺ١ҡҡͷ
ѣҶȵ˫ƣǿޣ»ֱӳƣ̵ŪϹһֻ۾ⲻǶһ
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㻹ʶ·𣿡ҶʵĿ䣬ɱȡ
ͬǱʮ˹ˣƻĺѣȴӣǲҲʮ˹
˺ܶ࣬ǿкܶ࣬мǿߡƳɵղʵΪ֪ҶԸԲҶȥ
ҲҪҶ˵ʵǿ󣬵ҲںǿߣΪǿʡ
ǡ֪ҶŽã¿ԽɱУҲնɱʰ
ûʲôǣ̴ȥҶ˵գһԵʣЩǵʵʣѵô
Ѿްˣֻû취ָĶϱۺ۾ʥǿߡȻҲһЩԻָĶϱۺ۾˵
лʣҶмص˵ͷ
Ҳ֪һЩвʥľѪѪãԻָƵĶϱۺ۾
⣬һЩǿĵرҲͬȵЧ
Щﶼǳ󣬼ҲԸó˵Ҷ졣
ҶȻףѾõ㹻ĺôȻ˼ҪȱҲҪڰ
ʣʱˣԺʲô飬뾡ܷԸҶĳǣҶʵҪȥ𣬻ҪȳЩʮ˹ͬ顣
ʥӣҪߣĹ𣿡ʾ㵵
ĹϾܵأһ˻ǲҪˣҶһЩʱ䣬ҵЩͬԽΣաҶҡҡͷʵϣڵõڵĴ֮ͲĹ
ǷѾܶˣҪĹȡ˵ıôҲ˵ȥˡ
ҶƤûô
ңҶȷʵҪȥˣϾЩΪƵߣ϶ǣʣµˣ㣬ЩͬΣա
ʥӣҪҪɼλһ𣿡ʳһ£˵
鷳λˣС£ҶĳܹԼҶҡͷǷ顣
ðɣε̾˿֪ҶˣһʲôͲġ
ңҲҶİΣڵĴУټ̫ʥĴУۼǿߣҪɱҶǺѵġ
ʥӣһȥɣҲҪȥ̫ɽӵ
ңҲ˵
㻹ˣʵ̫ȥֻǵĺȡ̫ɽԺ˵
㡭ʱ
ҶæǣֵλˣǱʮ˹飬ҶĳϣԼ
Ǻáʥӣأ̫ɽҲûмǵ˵ͷҶûע⵽һ˿
Ҷ쵱ʡˣƣ뿪
ȥ֮󣬽̫ɽҲȥΪԶҶ죬ҶҶ޷
ʶԴһֻ۱һֻۣн̫ɽţӲõҶİΣˡ


439 
뿪֮ҶƵָ㣬һ·δ֪ĵ켫ٸȥ
ǰʸһƬĵͼҶȻһҲûʧ
Ҫ֪ãã޼ʵĴУµĲǿޣʧһû˷ô·ûˣ̸εݴ½
ߡ޷硢ЩˣΪûеͼԸӵΣա
Ҷû뵽ûãƵ˱㱻ץȥūҲ֪ߡ޷ôˡ
ûǵϢǱһʱ䣬Ѿִˡҡҡͷ˵ūʱҲһЩߴߵ˵Ϣû˭֪
ҶԴ˲÷ôҪ֪ʮ˵٣ǿ϶Ǻѵġ
һ⣬Ժ󻹲֪жٱʮ˹Ҷüͷг˼
ƵȻߣͬʱҲһ⡣
ʮ˹û䣬Ҳʵݴ½Ҳˡǣݴ½ޱߣϵǿ߸ӵĶࡣ
طҲߣɼ
һСģʮ˹꿡ܱѡ
Ƶǲˣ뱣סЩֱӾͱɱˡ
ΪĴڣʹܰȫǱʮ˹߿ȥҲһ㲻ͳҲܰʮ˹ߵõһЩϢǰݴ½İȫ󡣡ҶкȻһ⡣
Ǳʮ˹ǰݴ½ıؾ֮أܹһģôʮ˹߾͸Ӱȫˡ
һˣʵƻ
Ҷһ⣬Ѿ⡣
һº
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Ҷӽ̫ɽ֪һЩϢ
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Ƕ޹ʧˣôҲȲǿ
Ȼû𼶱ĳǿߣвۼĸ֣ʡҶо裬Ϣ
ɲǱʮ˹ҲһƢŹֵǿߣ˵ûˡ
ҶѾܾûʱĵĸоˣ·ص˹ȥٶʱǸʱҲ˵ĵ¡
ܻЩǣȴ˷ܡ
ֻвֻǿѹܱƵʵǿ
Ҷڳ˶ĿҪĸǿһ죬Ҫñʮ˹ߴҡڵ߳ȥûһ˸˺ǡ
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һ죬ȻǰԶ
ͬʱһӿȵǰŰնڵ
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ҲʵǿҲַԵˡ
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һҪһλۼǿҶǰȥ
䣡
Ҷ˸ǰ֮ʣһ޴ӡſµƣա
쵶Ű£ҹɱ⣡޵еӡ£һв֮
ðԵÿҶüͷһĿų貵âһȭֱӽӡ⣬ǿֲ
еʵÿ뿪쵶ţû֮ءһ̤նĿɨҶ죬ü֮˰Ȼ֮ɫ
쵶ţ
Ҷͫһľû뵽֮һɲʲô鰡
ղɱ֣˰ԵֶΣҲֻ֮һ쵶ó
Ҷ쳯ߺɨȥΧһӣ߶߰˼ҡ
Ǹֻȴܹ߰˼ǿȻһ˲õš
߼ҶĬɵٴŭȵɱ䣬ǸղҶ¶ʵҪҶˡ
Ҷüͷ壬Ǽɵ쵶ţԸ˵ʲôҲҪѵϼһһ١
뵽쵶ŵҶһǿѹסеɱ⣬΢΢һתȥ
ߣҹ쵶ŵ飬ֱòͷˡ߿ҶıӰһм֮ɫ
֮У쵶ǿҲΪԵǵһˣһԲ;Ͷɱˡ
˶֪˭Ҳ쵶ŵˡ
ְԵϰߣɲһһϦܹɵģ쵶Ѫȵɱ¾ġ
ɶ쵶ţԺһǺÿתȥҶ죬Ҳɱõıʮ˹ǿߣһĵһˣȴ˵Źһȥֱǳ衣
Ҷ첻ǳ嶯֮ˣ֪Լڲʺ쵶ŶԿ۵һ
ӱʮ겻Ī
ҶһЦдע⣬ԺʵǿˣһҪֻӡ
λѣ˵ŵǾң˵űȻмҶ׼뿪ʱ򣬲ԶǸסǿҲҶ죬ʱ۾һ˷ܵش
˵ţҶһһ֪쵶Եˣ϶û뵽һӾͼеɡ
Сӣ쵶ȫңĻɫһ䣬ȿҶͣסŲɫ͸ˡ
ȫң
ҶȻͷ˫֮Уɱ⡣


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һ˵еߵģʵ˷ҲǷǳµġ
Ҷ죬ˡۣҪȫвֱ
ҶȻͷӣɱ⡣
Сӣҹ쵶ŵ飬Ҫȵ˵ͬʱѾһҶˡ
Ϸȥɣ
ߴһԪųҵĹâһƥӡգҶѹ¡
ҹ쵶ŵ飬ǻòͷˡһЦȫһ֮ǰǿʮ౶ΪҶˡ
ϵЦݺܿˣǰĹâ֮УһӰʱŵðš
쵶Ųõôˣǲѧղò˵
ҶһȭֱӺӡֲϢܵ
·һս񣬴Ԩ֮ɢųҵĵһžţɢһĺƴϢ
߾ޱȣȫһȻûҶһ˺ۣżʮǿҲôɰ
Сֻôô𾪲ѣѾµҶ츳ǷҲû뵽Ҷ츳ôû˱ȵҶˡ
㲻õˣҵĵɣҶ۾һУէ䣬̧֣֮е˸۳һ׵֮
ӣﻹӭսתӣͬҪӡ
Сӣ쵶ŲŹġʱвҶ졣
Ҫ˻ôߣҶЦ˻׵磬ٶ죬һӾ׷ߡ
ôܣޱȾ֣ŵɫ԰ס
Ҷٶ̫ˣ޷ҶԼ
硭뵽׵ٶ죬ͬ磬һ֣Ҷ쾪ϲڴи׵жôˣֽ׶ΣĵҪǿ
۷ʥҶֻһ㣬Ҳǿף֮ͬке֣޵С
ɣҶӵ£ֱߣ֮䣬ûһ飬ƱҪɱԷ
쵶ţĺܲҵģ߼Թ޵سҶ죬˶ڷ⣬˷Ҷɱȥ
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߼ԼƴһκβҶ죬ʱ
ջظղŵĻ쵶ŵĵȷж֮ϧΪ̫ˡҶһޱߵ׵磬û
Ϊ̫ǰ¶һ˿Цһ˼ǿߣȻһĺ˵Ϊ̫
ʵϣҶڵʵȫΪ͵ڴ׵Ժɨ磬Խնɱǿˡ
ˬ찡
ɱ֮Ҷ˷ܡ
һ˼ǿߣǰȴ˵Ĳһ
Ҷû뵽Լôǿⶼڴе׵һ㣬ȴҲ˿ֲ
ȫ¾ȲڣҲԱȼʥǿ߰ѣҶ찵ڴѡ
ȻҲ֪Ҫܳܳʱ䡣
ֵˡҶ콫СеĶһɨ⣬Ȼ󽫱ĿͶԶ׼ߵߡ
С˭ôô
ߣһ涼סҲĶ֡

߱ȥɱҶ죬һǵͬ˲䱻ҶɱﻹҼսתˡ
ӣǰΧ꣬һҪܣʱ۾һ䣬Ц
˱ôãôΪİһ˱ǿϢ˲仯Ϊһա
һɲǣΪӰܲգƬس׷
ԶҶ죬ʱ۾һ֮ɫû뵽ĵ׵
ɶ񣡡

߶ٸ鷳Ӱ޷ߣǲں̶ȵĹȴ¸Ҷ찡
õܺãߣֻҪסǣȵҶС
ʵϣļƲ߳ɹˣûߣҶһɱû˿֮
ٴοһĻǰ׼ҲĿɿڴһҶֵܣ̫ǿ˰ɣΪʵȻôǿһݴ½ԺѧԱɣ
ԺҶ΢΢һû뵽ˣҲûзԽԺҲʧΪһԿɵİ취
Ҷ죬ѸմҶûнͣҽܵ
žԼԴˣСܽжƣϵ˵ξңȸһȥϵһлġ
лͲˣƼˮѡҶҡͷɲΪ˶ƾȥ˵ҪôһҪ˼Ļ죬Ѱ·
⣬һҪһ˼Ҷ䣬Ȼֳé®Сӡ
ôУԶʱˣæ˵Ҷ磬ҿǾ֮ҪǲҶԺȻħҲǰһ
ҶȻһʱ䲻֪ô˵
ɣмһ¡Ҷһ£ͻȻʲô漴ʵ
˵£ټҲСЦ
ģмһ£չһǵİȫҶ˵գߡ޷˵ģ֮һһ۶
ҶڵʵֻҪ˶ǣʹСֶΣģ
ţҶˣһȥ󣬾ȥ̽ǵϢϸɨһ飬˵ͷ
Уһ£֪ϵ𣿡Ҷóʽĵͼָеһʵ
˻ôôȫĵͼ˵ŵĵͼҲûϸҶ϶ԺѧԱƿҶóĵͼʱ֮ɫ
Ҷ΢Цʵĵͼ˼ҵʵǿѾ̽һ
Ҷ΢ЦΪҶĬˣʱиӾ塣
Ҫ֪Ժߵʥأÿһ߶Ҫĵط
ƾ׼Լʾ磬ȥԺޣȻҲʸȥУԺǲӹŵġ
С֪쵶µһΪС̻ᡣޣȺһﵹһ֣ʲôƨ̻ᣬ˵˾һūĵطƿһҶָŵСʱм֮ɫ
̻ᣡҶ찵סˡ
֪Сڷ̻һݵ㣬Ϊвʯҵ˺ܶūڿ󡣡ƺʵҶɱ쵶ŵӦòܺͷ̻йϵ
ȻҶ찵ͷ֮ǰҲ˵ˣЩ˱ץȥÿ춼ҪЩʯ
ΪˣȻƵ˱ūҲſеĻΪĺܿ졣
ϾǶţһôõطΪȻĺܿ졣
Ϊٿ죬ҲߣΪǿ


441 
֣֪̻ݵ㶼ЩǿߣʲôжʼǿߣҶʵ
˾˶ƣһˣ治֪ôϸ
˵쵶ŵжԣԶ쵶Ȼܹע͵ܳȻǰ׼쵶µһЩǰһ顣
˵ŵֶΣЩСȻùǣԶƶԴ˷ǳ
Ҷ⣬ƻüͷЦҶ磬סˣҪʷ̻ܲĻһЩСݵкܶ࣬Ҳ֪ôϸĹģҲʼǿʵ߾Բᳬ߼
ҶüҲ֪ЩǿˣҲ˵֪̻ÿݵ׼ȷʵǶֻ֪ô࣬ûô๦ȥЩ
ڵʵһǿ߽һ£ҾͲǶˡ
Ҷ첻ɵ̾˿
û뵽̻һСݵ㣬ôǿʵ̻ỹֻ쵶µһѡ
쵶ţöôֲ
ôҶ磬̻г𣿡ƿҶüӣɵʵ
ɵӣҶ콫˵ĵϸô϶ˡ
̻Ҳ˵ŵĵˣû⡣
мѱץȥūҵþȳǡҶԳ
۾һ˵Ҷ磬ʵѵʱѾźˣҪһ£һλۼǿңʱҿ죬̻Ҳ˵ŵĵˡ
Ҷ첻ɵø̾˵ŵ¾һλۼǿǰԮ
뵽Լ·Ѿ˺ܶʱ䣬ٵһµĻЩ˿Σˡ
Ҷ쵱ܾˡ
ˣлֺ⣬ûôʱ䵢顣ɣлȥ˵̽֡Ҷ칰˹֣˵
ðɣƶʱЩʧص˵ͷ漴ʵҶ磬㻹ûиһԺԺҲҪԺĸԺʱҾѡĸԺ
ԺҶпЦֻˣ˵ѧԺ뵽̫ӼȻԺ˵ԺԾ칬ûгޡ
Ҷڳէɲ֪칬ЩޣһлСΪ
ѧԺüҲûж˵ҶԼԺһҪ˵ȥˡ
ı飬ѧԺʲôףҶ쿴ŶƵıӰ΢΢˼
ûо೤ʱ䣬Ҷ쿴˿ͼ־ǸСȻһǸ򼲷ɶȥ
һ򣬶ȻͣסŲȡһһϢ
Ȼ󣬶ҲҶ뿪ķ򼲷ɶȥ
Ҷ绹ǽ˲ܻĸãҶ츳ԺҲԺɨˡйâһ
һţɲԸʹ˴
ҶȻ˵ŵҾͰа㣬˻飬Ҳͳ˵ŵ⡣ƺٺһЦӿٶȡ
ѾλǿԼãҶȥغϡ
ۼǿڣͲҶΣˡ
ʱҶ컹֪һβͣһ߸·ʱ򣬻һ̽ղɱߵսƷ
ϼһıǶడҶС̽ţһԵƶˮˡ
öʯƷʯǱʮ˹ǿҲûһƷʯƵɴ۾˫ȡ
ǿߣֻƷʯܰΪûƷʯĻʮ˹Ͳᵽڶûеһλˡ
ǿɵҲƷʯ𣿡Ҷѯʵ
ƷʯƷʯУƷʯôƷʯһǵһοƽǿһ£ҲֻʮƷʯѡƸ̾
߲쵶ŵĵӣǼƷʯһǧ顣
ôƷʯ˵ĻҵΪܹüҶЩ˷ܣΪʵͷۣû뵽ôнİ취
֣ҲһЩɡҶ˵ȻһЩƷʯʼ
ҾʮɣЩ㹻ҽˡʮƷʯȻҶСбչأ׼硣
Ҷ״ͷȻʧȥ˫ۣȴҲлνǸ
ûмעƣҶƷʯʼѸٽ
ʵǳǿȻֻʵȴǿߣӵе׵ʯǳס
ûСʱҶһƷʯΪ˲٣Լˡ
ѹߣʶкܶ࣬Դ츳ٲҲܳΪˡҶ찵ϲȱ磬ֻȱΪЩƷʯΪȻˡ
ڵһʱʮƷʯʮܽЩȫˡҶ찵һʱ䣬ԼҪ²ܸϵǸڴ֮ǰǿһЩΪ
ȻǿΪҶʵ٣ܱûкЩ
ңҶѾ˼ƻ׼ȴڲЩʮ˹߻ûУȻŻ
Ҷһ߸·һЩƷʯΪÿһ춼ڼǿš
ҪǱ֪һĿɿڴߣҪʮһƷʯ
ңɵĵ⣬ߣҲӵôƷʯ
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磬㿴Щ˺ôҲʮڿ󣬶һǲ߲ݵڿǵĲ㹻ȵ󹤵屶൱СĲˡҶ컹û˵꣬ͱ´ϡ
ҷǣϵЦݶʱʧضҶ죬·һߡ
磬Ҳ˼˵ҪĥǣǷﴵ磬ȥڿ󡣲Ϣʱ䣬ڿⲻǸõ𣿡Ҷæ˵
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뵽۾һȷһ⣬˵ľĥǣԴﵽĵĿġ
Ҳﵽˣôɱˣ˷һȺѵͶ
ңô򵥵ɱǣڿãܼӴ
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ˣɾ͹ˣȫκã˲ҪĥǴڿáҶ콨
ϲ¹һЦϿҶ죬ǰ׳գҶôǰ֣϶ҪסĴȣ̻ĺġ
²ҶҰģҰĲźãҰĲŲᱳѷ̻ᡣʸЩָ㣬ϣЩ֮һЩӢ̻
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446 ɳ²
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Щʮ˹ߵУΨнӻܱѣѾĥľˣֻʣ´ˡ
ŭص£˻ܣҲΪǰ£
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ûע⵽Ҷ죬Ҳ˿˼
ɲô׵ģȰ㻹ǹԹ˵ãͻǡºٺЦ
ޣӶһڿˮϧΪ벽ʣˮɵؾͱŵԪסˡ
һˣĻңɭһЦɱ⣬׼ɱӺˡ
ҶԸӦµɱ⣬æǰһ磬Ҫ⼸˽Ұɣа취ǹԹ
Ŷ۾ҶһҶһӣûκ
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ҶŭһȭǿԪǿˮһҵϡ
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һʱװŵսľʧӣȫĿ⿴ӣû˵
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447 
ƵĻҶʱֲõԤУһ˿ǰ
ȻҶϸѯ֮£֪Ⱥʮ˹ߵлһλŮӣΪ·̻ߵɱˡ
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ҶĿ䣬Ĳпᣬʵ¾ֻ׸
ҶΪʲôľѩ˸һҲûԱʵĻһʲôΣգġ
߳ʮ˹ĴۣעһҪ·ϣǻǱġҶ˵
һڱʮ˹û˵ÿ˵жɱ⣬ڿԼɱ⡣
Щ˶ԸǰϤǳ˱ʮ˹Ͷѡֵܣͬ顣
Ҷӵļ򣬵Ǻúˣ˷
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ϣҪǰæ̽˵𣿡һλʵ
ˣ÷֮¼ɡҡҡͷ

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̾Ҳֻǿֶ߲Σǿ޷֮̽鵽һϢ

ʱҶСĲԶһһҴ۾ңңǸС
Ҷ˵ľСˣ֣ûսҶѵ뿪ˣ갵Ե
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ٺ٣ϵܰҿǸ˺ϢɵһҪҺȾưºٺЦ
ϸ磬ڻûм̻ᣬ뿪ﶼУôȾƣҶԿЦ
˭˵㲻뿪¸ĪЦЦ
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ģҶг˲źͼ
ϸ磬㲻˵Ҫдܽӵ֪ͨôô죿Ҷ漴ɻˣǰ¸˵ˣܲԶҪܽӵ֪ͨ
ΪһλܲĴĴԲ²µ˵η֮ɫ
ʲôҶ첻ɵúˣһСĵӣҲûҪɡ
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ʲôҶʧɫеһӶоˡ
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448 
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ȴ֪ҶڼҪԷۼǿ߰ҪһС¶ˣӶû취ˡ
Ҷϵܣɣ̫ϳϵȾˡ˵գ¾ǰ·
Ҷޱظں棬ȴһƬˡ
۰
־ûмв٣ҲĿֲνһ
۾磬ǾͲսʤˣһǿߣٶҲǷǳɣһеʶֱӱɱ
ݴ½ϵ߶ףֻгΪۣһǿߣʸݺ¡
ҶͿԽնɱʣȴû취Կۡ
ۺȫصĲࡣ
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һ۵ĵٶһǧһǧ֮ڣһͷɱʣ켶ʡ
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ֻЩţ弶ļʱԽնɱۡ
ҶҲңֻһԿʶѣ˵۰ɡ

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Ҷϵܣ¼ǵҪһЩó̫ϳ϶ͣҪסᣬ˵һɳ졣ѵü֮Ľ
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һ죬ҶһϸġҶصصͷȴ˼Բߣܹ˻̻ᣬҲʧΪһ취
أǸʱҪӵˣҲһ仰顣
ЩҶһ˵һᣬ¶һ˿Цݡ

ͬʱھСԶһСϣһ߻̤նĿͣƽˮСϡ
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Ҷо촭ˣӴϢѹ޷ܡ
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ղţŽӽҶ죬û뵽ǿ߻֣ûмʱķӦ
һۼǿϢͬʱҲ޷λ̻ûвߣҲͬûв
˷磬û뵽㾹Ȼ벻ʱҲȵؿŶķ̻̫ϳϣû뵽С֮ϻһλۡ
𣡡˷Ҳ˰ߵģʱɫһ䡣
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⣬˵ŵĳϣ˵ſǺ쵶һģȷ̻ǿ˲֪ٱ
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û취˼ҵı˵ţǿ֮һ


449 
ǿߴˣ
ˣʴˡ
λʴ˶ɱˡ

˷硢λڸ߿жԳֵʱСĿ֮УѾһƬҡ
λʵ䣬䶯ˣ̻ҳһţһš
ҶҲϵ֪Ϣ˵ɫһ䣬ͬǣǰֺͲţȴһϲ
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ؿҶ죬ֺͲţôҲ벻֮ǰֵܵˣȻˡ
Щˣ
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ͣǿѪܵԴʱУԿõ˫ʵĿ⡣
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Щ̻ȻҶǰȷʵһֱӱҶһɱˡ
⡭ЩһĿɿڴɴ۾ϳ𾪡š֡
˶㶣Ҷ쾹ȻɱЩ̻ߣǼ̻֮ǰ˵Ц
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Ҷɱ˸ûգһ۾ֺһ˭˶ľ
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һһڿ󹤶ˣµǵû뵽ǿɱˣСϾȻһλۡ
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£һ뿪Լѡ񣡡Ҷ쵭˵Щ˵ںģпĵطȱá
ҶЩ󹤣㹻ĻЩ֮һϵ˻Ҷ졣
ҶȻôֺõ飬ֻҪȳʮ˹߾ˡ
Ҷ磡Ƭ̣ͯӵ˸ˡ
Ҷ죡
Ҷ𣡡
Ҷ֣
һڱʮ˹߶ǳ֪Ҷʱټǣ˵ǿ뿪ˡ
ʱҶֱ˵Ǳ뿪ڴ֮ǰȽҵС֮УҲ档
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ˣڽҶС֮ǰסҶĸ첲ʬ廹ڵһпܣϣܰ
Ҷ죬
Ҷһ̾ûмӣʲôʲô𣬶ûˣֻһʮ˹ͨ꿡ܡ
ģҲϡҶصصͷȻˣôͲܲܡ
Ҷ֪˵Ǹɱͬ飬һŮӡ


450 
ӵսС֮кҶ콫ĿͶȺԥĿ󹤣ô׼𣿡
һڿһʱ䶼û˵ǲѡһѡˣô·һ
ͯƨƨߵܵҶǰЦҶ磬㻹ȱһ˲赹ˮİɣҲ߰ɡ
⻰һ䣬һЩ󹤵Ŀⲻɵһ˼ؿҶ졣
Ҷ쿴ͯ΢΢ЦҲԣӽԺҪΪҰ¡
ҶСܵңͯҲʹҶ졣ʱദǳҶ첻ֳ嶯֮ˣһ뿪˵أǿ϶оԵİա
ܺãҶЦŵ˵ͷ漴ͯսСС
Ҷ磡
Ҷ磬ҲԸ㣡
Ҷ磬㲻ܶǰ
ͯЩСܼ״Ҳ׷׽еһͰ͵ؿҶ졣
ãҶ콫һսСУɨЩһۣ㳯ȥ
ʱеһֿ󹤼ˣæȥ׷׽еҶ磬ҲԸ㣡
֮һĿ󹤣лλ߼ǿߣһɫѡҶ졣
ԼѡǲµģǸҾҪҰ¡Ҷ쵭ؿЩˡ
û˷ԣǼȻҶ죬Ȼ֪ԼԺ·
֮ˣȴЩԥûѡֱҶıӰʧǵ֮УǲͻȻоЩڡ
ûкҩעҪΪԼѡ񸶳ۡ
ֲȱˣ
Ҷһ߳ŵһȥһӵ˽̸
֣㡭ӵ˿ƵĲĿʱʪˣһȭͷͨ졣
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һǿ˵ʧȥ˫۲ûмսЩѿѡ
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ҶǷйһ󣬲˵ղշİٶ󹤣д붼ϵļҾһΪǱʮ˹һݵ㣬Ժıʮ˹ߡ
ҶȷӦϲ⣬Ϥ˽Ժıʮ˹ߣôΣվͻٺܶࡣ
ˣԺʵ׳ˣôǱʮ˹߱ȫˡ۾һ˲Ҷ콨ԭ
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ҵĿ겻ߣΪʾ͹ˣ˵ɣûҪǰݴ½
ǰһߡ޷ǣûҪðսݴ½

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˵˵۶кܶ࣬Ĵɣʮ˹ѾĻԵˡ
֮Ҷ촩һڰͨ˵һ
ڵһſڣҶȻһҷŮӣһ棬ѾʧȥϢ˳µѪҺѾˡ
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ҶµĴعѣ˫һƬȵɱ⣬ͬеĲӿûռ䡣
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Сӣ˭
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ǸҶһһ˵񣬳˾ɱ⡣
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ûжķϻҶŭ죬˻Ϊһųҵ׵磬µռ䣬ǵ֮
ʮ̻û˿֮㱻Ҷ׵ˡ
һſڣĽһƬҶ·һ񣬱Ŀ⣬ŭĻ棬õһһڿ󹤴Ҵһȫˡ
ֱҶȥ֮ǲŷӦʱһƬ

ҶСУƵȫűҶͽǾʬ壬һȭͷ˫죬˵
һǣãһᶨ˵
Լĳۣϣ̧ͷ̻ᣬرʮ˹
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һҪǿ
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ҶţҪ֪Щ˶Ǳʮ˹ţǵ츳ֻԴѡ
ֻҪǼ˵ţԴʱԻһΪһǿߡ
ӣǵܹҶԵţڲܶˣҲͬ졣
˵֮䣬õܽĻ
ôӾƾԼ츳磬ǸͬȵԴҪ˼ʮܳΪʡ
ܹΪֻ·ҪǿҪԼҶ찵뵽漴Ŀⷢ䣬ɢ־˷̽ȥ
ÿãҶ۾һ˷֮ɫܺãû뵽Ǵôʯñˡ
˵գҶ컯һ⣬ʧںڰ֮ͨС
Ӵ־ɨ֮£Ҷܿҵʯĵطһλǿߵסƽرء
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ʮλ벽ʣ߰˼ϵǿߣһаٶˣȫҶɱøɸɾһ˶û¡
ʯ棬ȾһѪҺԵޱ졣
һǧٶţҶһ־ɨ֮£˲ͷʯУһǧٶƷʯ
ʣµƷʯƷʯҶᣬֱսС֮С
·ˣ뿪֮ҾͱչЩʯԽҵΪ߰˼ˡҶ˷ܡ
һذ壬ƿһ֮ľ磬Ѿǿˡ
㹻ˣôıΪֻҪЩʯôҶ츳ãڶʱڰΪ


451 뿪
ѹ˷̻ʯ֮Ҷһ·ɱСûʵСûһ˿ǿߡ
һС֮ϣҶͱǰһĻˡ
߿Уǿ߾һɢϢſµĻ֮ڲ
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ǿַ߳ǳ򵥣ҶȴĿɿڴ𾪲ѡ
֪ˣⷽص֮˭ռϷ磬˭ӮˡҶ쿴һſףвɵ𺳡
ֻƿ֮ܳΪǿߣγɵ
ǿʵҲλƿص֮
λ۶ƿ֮ڱȵľ˭ƿصĶ࣬ɣƿصĶһ϶ռϷ硣
ʣǾʣҶ̾һսĶ뿪ˣƵѯʣѡ
Ҷ֣ôǳȥ𣿡ƵĻСд֪Ҷ϶õϾҶС硣
Ҷ첻òջ̾Ŀ⣬Щź̾Ϣһսȥ
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һ죬ҲԿۣҶؿ˸߿һۣû˿ϢԶȥ
ûҪλǿߣΪǿߵĵ֮УϢҲûãҲǿߡ
Ҷĵһʱ䣬߿սλ۶ӦˣҲҶֻһСһûں
ҳܣ˷һȻûںҶֻСϣûзŹҶ죬˫Ŀⱬ䣬貵ĹĿмȥ

ʵʻĹâ·ݺݵҶ졣
Ҷʱܵвŵһæӿٶȡ
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Ҷû뵽ǿ߾ȻιһССһս֮С
ǿ߹ǹӴѹҶͷǺӿ쵽˼㡣
ৣ
һ쵶âնƲ񷣬Ҷնϣɱ˷硣
𡪡˷𣬶ԷСҲ˺ȥʱָˡ
ߣҪǰɱˣҲҪʸСߣղ֮Գ֣ΪСжƸ
λǿߵսȻϣۿͶڰСйһͿӳСҶ졣
ѡʱߣҶ㻹лᣬ´ٰѾԻƿҶ찲ȫ뿪Сʱ΢΢һЦ
λǿߵսڼֵȼսһʱֹܹͣģ˭Ҳκβ˭
˫ʵ಻ǺܴûһӵѹԵƣֻǰܵһߡ
ҶѾûаϵˣӳС֮һµ·ֱƣ֮󣬲ұͣϢ
ͬʱҲơӵ˷˳
뿪ǸطˡĿһп
ıʮ˹Ҳ겻ѣǱΪҪһӴû뵽ܻ߳ɵĿ
磬ĸҪпᡣƵ̾Ҷ죬Ҷ֣ǶȫˣԴС÷رʮ˹
֣㲻ˣüؿơ
ˣӣſҲңǻرʮ˹ɡƿЦһЦ˱Щغ󣬲ɵЦǱģҲһλڱʮ˹ҲǿһУ
ЦЩӲʱ룬ݴ½룬⻹ûеִݴ½ˡ
бκ˶ġ
ðɣеͼڵʵŵͼȥӦòΣաҶóͼƣ˶ӡһݡ
ϸĵͼЩֵ֣ͼ֣İȫӴʮֹӿŵͼʱ۾һУһ漴ϲ
ҶôŪģҲвʱˣûôϸĵͼ
̫ϸˣȴٲֵطȫС
ͼԺͰȫˣԱܿܶΣյĵط
ʮ˹߶ϲѡ
ʵĵͼҲֻҶӡЦЦ漴˱ȭʹ˷ֱڱʮ˹ݴ½һҪǱʮ˹߶
أ
أ
Ҷ졢ӵļûжȰʢţƵѡ
һ˵˵ͷ漴뿪ıһʧ˵֮С
ջĿ⣬˴жЩء
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ܵ˵飬Ҷ˵ͷ漴ָŵͼ˵ǿ춷壬ġ춷ΪģΪķھڱΪܵش
˱֮⣬ҵĶǱ쵶ź͵صƿأǶϷ˵ŵĵ̡
Ҷŵͼ˵ֱǰţʱ̣ҪϿȻԽ춷塣
ϿüĿ⿴˵ͼһע
ҲЩǡ
ϿıעԱߣһע˵رɢʵռݣ쳣ң롣
ҶȻҲעŵ˵һȺɢޣûۼǿߣЩʣֻҪСĵ㣬µġ
ӼҶģɵȻһЦԳһҧʮ¾ã㡣
ˣ˶ûˡ
Ҷڱʮ˹ĳɾ̫ˣһθǾһȻû˷
֮Ҷ㽫ӵսС磬׼ǰϿ
Ȼû죬Ҷ㱻ʮסһʶĶ߰˼ʵҲס
Сӣ˭ȥмˣͷͷųǿƣҶ죬ȡһŻʵ
˶аΧҶ죬һ衣
ûϿɢޣ׼ȥҶɨһۻˣȻҡҡͷƽ˵
ɢޣԣɵЦܺãϵʯ򡭡
ٺ٣û뵽һɢޣ
ģһˮûУһɢޣ˵׬һʡ
ЩΧҶǣҲЦһ˫Ŀ⣬ƿһҶ졣
Ҷü£û뵽Щ˾Ȼ壬ɫ


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ʵϣóһˣҶΪҪߡ
쵶ŵĵӣҶؿЩˣԴóŻѾ³ˡ
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Ҷ챾£û뵽Щ˾ȻҪֱͿˡ
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쵶ŵĵӴɢޣⲢûУǴ˳ȥ쵶ŵ涼ˡ
Ҷû뵽Լһ仰˶Էɱ⣬û⣬ֱóѪħͷʡ
úã쵶ŵʲмƲƲ죬ƮƮһȭҶ졣
쵶ǰõӵǲС쵶ŵһȭͷ˲䱬ĿĹâ·һɽײ
ȻҶ¶һ˿ЦݣֻһٸС뱬ԪȫѪħʱҵĵâ
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ǰϿһ·ϣҶ߰˲쵶ŵĽɱȣΪԼٱ¶ˣ֪ǶԷΪضƵġ
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쵶ŶԶƻִŰСǿ߻֣Ҳ£ºҶϿЩ̾
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Ҫǣ쵶ŵû뵽һôǿʵҲûɳǿ׷ɱҶһ١
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ϿǧС죬ЩγһŦһſں档
Щ棬һֲͷųʴ־ʹµߣͷų־
֪һ߲ܷų־ǼϹûʲôֱ
Ҷ죬ֻҪų־Բʮܿڣֻ۾ȥ۲ˣ۾ҲֻܿΧǧڵĳɴˡ
ҶϲֵطΪֻҪϿôЩ쵶ŵ׷޷̽鵽ˣǶԷɳۼǿߡ
˵ŵǿߣһСС»ûʸ쵶ɳ۰ɣ
ҶԳһЦ漴̤Ͽʧڰãã֮С
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Ҹطչأ
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ﵺܶ࣬󲿷ֵ춼ģƽϡ٣Ҷ쵹Ҳ·֡
Ͼ޷־Ҫҵһˣֱȵ컹ѡ
ҲɢǾۼԭΪǳȫǵۼǿߡ
һǿۣûбҪɱɢޣǳԱû¸ɡ

ʱٵĶ֮УҶóеƷʯʼȫ
ʱΪһӣһſƷʯΪҲʼ߼̡
߼ĲǳҶһٶƷʯûнĿɿڴǳ𾪡
ҶֻܹԼС̫ˣҪҲ̫Ӵˡ
ºҶ콫еƷʯˣΪû֮˼ֻǴﵽ߼ڡ
û뵽Խ棬ҪȻôӴ󡣡Ҷ۾Ϊһȴû˿˷ܡ
һΪ֪ԺѶȡ
ȻʯٶȺܿ죬ȥôʯ
ƷʯǳһЩǿߵҲٶ飬⻹Щֵ֧
ϿɢޣһǿߣֻһٶƷʯЩֻмʮ顣
ʼǿߣҲֻмٿ鵽ǧƷʯǵɱ
ҶΣҲ˷̻һİȥٷ̻Ŀȥôʯ
ѹôң쵶ŵĵӶ٣ûʯ߼ԺΪٶ̫ˡҶЦ֪ԼҪǿΪҵ㹻ʯԴһƷʯС
ڵΪҪǧƷʯܽ˼Ʒʯܽżôʮأ
Ҷ첻òˣȥҲҵһʯ
ôķչֵʯѾɹϷˣʣµҲСռݡ
Ҷ¼ҹһûۼʵûʸӵп


453 կ
ϿһСϿգӰ̤նС
Ϊ׵˴ɫǳۣǸոճصҶ죬Ա߻ͬﵽ߼ǿߣǸҶȺǿˡ
Ȼɢ޵ĴӪҲȻҪɢ޴·ǳãЩ֮Увɢޡ
߼ǿ߾ɢޣ˶Ͽǳ˽⣬סϰˡ
˷ֱ𽻽ֺɢޣ߼ΪûԮ
Ҷӣɢ޵ùﵽ߼ߣϿѾǿˣΪ΢еʵɢ޶뿪ǰݴ½˵
Ҷ˵ͷеʯɺƿأȺɢ޵ȷѡ
ңɢ޻ʱɵ˴٣νǲΣա
ϿڼҲֻмʮλǿߣǿ弶ʣµĴ󲿷һﵽϵĶ١һԸҶϿе
ϿĴǺһǰݴ½һ򱻵صŵɱˣھֻʣˡ
ͷ춼弶ǿߣ˭Ҳ˭̣Ͽɱ¾
Ͽɢޣѡö飬ͻܵɱ޷
ǰɽɢޡ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴߿ЦһЦڨڨǷկɢޣǱǵˣʱܾˣȻ󱻷̵̻
ǺǣҶû뵽˻ľɵһЦ
ںͺˣǸյĿʲôԹûˡЦ˵
ǰֻɢޣ̹ʲô£ڵʱΪս̾
ҶǵĸпѯʵΣҪϿһʱ䣬ǾӦüһã
կɣɽԸɣãҲɱ˭ϾЩη˵
һǷկȷúܶࡣЦЦ˵կկһŮˣ˭Ҳֻ֪֪֮ǰͳկʵȻǿ󣬵ԸǳˬϿԵܺãܶɢ޶Ϊ
ãھȥկ·Ҷ˵ͷ漴սСУһǰկ
ϿϤֱӴҶǰկĴӪ˵
ҶӣǷկǷǳϸģҪԼ˽ܡԼ˽ܵĻôҪϸ꣬Ȼ۲꣬ʽΪڲԱ·϶Ҷ˵
ϸկˣɽҲ𣿡ҶЩȻɵöλկկӺˡ
ɽǲһ˭գԼɽǳбЩɢΪԱ֮أԸͶɽ˵
ɢƽʲôô׬ȡʯҶʵڼҪʯûʮޣʾ硣
Ƕǿ׬ȡʯġҶ͵ǷկпǽֻҪʲôҪ䲼񣬶ѡȡЩͨĽȡ˴ƷȻկҪȡеʮ֮һӶ𡣡
ǲ򵥣Ҷ۾һկӺˣܹŪǽŮկ򵥰
֮⣬ǻͨʽ׬ȡʯ١ɱޡѰĵرԼĻ˵
Ҳ٣ɢ޴ɢްɣҶЦ
һ죬ڨڨɵĵӲ۸Ǿˣɢ޷ͱ˴˵жԡȻҲһЩС֣Щʯ̴
ƾɢҶ첻ò¶ɵĿ⣬̻ʯ̴ǿ򣬶ǿߡ
ȻֹǣÿϮ̴Ƿկļһ֣ǻȥɱЩСආŪˮȺȡ˵
ǲǱ𣿡Ҷ첻ɵʵܹҲӵһǿߣƾɢʵӦô٣
ΣǾ㲻ǣɢҲһ֡ɱɱǣҲɱǡߵ
Ҷ˽ص˵ͷط̫ˣɱ¾ɢ޾㣬Ҳԭ
ۼǿ߻ܷǣʣµһϿǾڣǶҲû취Ц
ҶԴ˲ûɣϿܹô꣬ȻлŵıǮ
ңҶ²⣬Ͽһҳֻ֣ҪɳһۣܳĨɱϿɢޡ
ɢ޵ĻвȱţɿϣһЩţԲûжɢ޸ϾɱҶ뵽
ɱϾҪչģҪչ͵˲ţ˲ŴԼ̫ˡ
󲿷ɵĵӣǴɢһЩ츳ڵˣӶչԼˡ
ɢǶڰȻûеִЩ޼ҿɹ˵һɣ˱֤Ϊġ
ҶӣǰǷ˵ˣҪǰĸۿܼͣ顣ʱָǰһ޴ĵ˵
ʵѣҶѾокܶǿϢˣȻһ·Ҳɢޣûϵɢ޶ࡣ
ҶӰзȥ·һӽֵĴһ֮ǰãã޼ʵĺֶˡ
˵ǳӴһС½أ俿ߵĵطһСǳأνĸۿڡ
ҶСǳطȥһ·ϻɢڳǶûҶ
ڿСǵʱ򣬳¥˴ȵʾƣ
Ҷ첻ɵÿֻСȡһɫƣų¥ϵλɢ˵ֵܣδǡ
Ƶݸˡ
˿һƣȻóһûã飬ЦǷկȷиɡ
˵ͷ漴ҶЦûƵĻԼ˴ţһ˵ͻᱻ
еɱǵˣǵƣҲܻˣҶָе©˵
ܼ򵥣֪ˡһЦ
ǽǵʱҶüͷһɫʱΧʮλǿΧлһλһǿߡ
ʲô˼ҶĿ⿴
æ֣˵Ҫģǲô
Ҷĵ˵ͷ漴߹ʡ
Ƿկڣ˭һλӣһȷǷʡ
һߣҶ첢ûзû˿֮ɫ治ɫ
ⳤϣңǰȥ˵
ϲ鿴һ¼¼ѾʮûлˣΪ˷ֹϸ룬Ҫܷկ顣ڶ˵ͷ漴˵
ĳ֪ĳʶˣǿûڵϵģָĳ׼һֽݸڡ
ãţ
ڵ˵ͷ漴Ըȥ졣


454 ̴Ϣ
λⳤϣҶһſǿ߰ء
ҶӣҸ˵ģǷկĹأÿһλ¼һ£Աֹ˼ϸ϶ûлģҪ顣˵
⵹ǿԼټϸĻᣡҶЦŵͷ
˾ôȴԼʱ֮󣬾һֿ
ӿ߰ʮûмСˣΪأû뵽ţӵΪ˼ᡣ
Ҷ쿴۾ʱʪˣж
ŷʢҼǵõѡ˵
Ҷļ˵կ˴󹦣ҳϿҪϲɡ
ģϲؿҶ졣
ѵһƭ㣿Ҷ쵭˵
лҶӣʱмذл
ʱ洫ԽԽһŲ
ǲϸҪüϸⳤϵ
ⳤģҺһկǻɻҲǡǵֿǺЦ
֨
űƿ߽ˣһλⳤϣһ꺺ӣݸ㣬ɢͷԵúš

ŷʢ
ͬʱϲ
漴Ǹŷʢ꺺Ӻݺݵرһ˷ܡ
ûдˣŷʢСӾͽˣϻˡڼһĻʱ֪ǼϸЦЦ
ⳤߣ
ŷʢæ˵
ֵܼʮû棬һʱһӻҪ˵ǿסˣŷʢֵܵܣλҶӣûæĻⱲӿ¶زˡ
лҶӾֵܣԺʲô龡ܷԸŷʢҶ֣صرȭ
֮ͣŷֲˣҶ쵭һЦɢ޺кøУпǻܱ꣬ʵѵá
ֵܣҶҲ׼Ƿկǻȴȥɡʱ뵽Ҷ⣬æ˵
Сһ׮ǸŷʢһЦǰ·
һ·ϣ˵Ц
˵ֵܣ㵽׳ʲô£Щ궼ûлһΣΪǽܴ󣬶ˡŷʢ߱ʵ
˵Լ̻ץȥū
ŷʢŭ죬ߵһ̻ᣬҼסˣл㱨ѩޡ
ֵ㲻Ҫ³ç̻ǿ󣬽ɣòҪǡף㾹Ȼﵽʮôô죿ҪֹŷʢȴͻȻŷʢΪɵ𾪵
һԵҶȻһЦͷŷʢʮΪˣɢ֮ҲǷǳǿģЩ˶ļʮλǿߡ
ٺ٣ֵܣʮǰйһõһЩ似õʯʯѾˣЩ似Ժһᴫ㡣ŷʢЦ
ֵܺŷʢϲŷʢʶܾãܺãһկֻҪǵõĶ϶ƽ֣似Ҳһ
ֵѣɢ֮Ҳв٣Բ࣬Ϊ˶˽ģûжá
˷Сǣȴǽһĳǳأռݵȫʮ֮һǳˣޱ׳ۣȱʮ˹Щ۶ˡ
ҶӣǷ˳ǣǷկĴӪҶܵ
һԵŷʢ˳կʮλϿ֮УȫĵطˣҶֵֻҪǷկԺͿڴ˰ȫˡ
ɢӷǳѹܵɵӵĽɱŷʢΪҶկҪһȫطء
Ȼɢ޶ģΪˣǲŽӶ۸
֮˽˳ǣһ֮УŷʢΪҶ˼կҶҲõһơ
ĻҲһݵɢˡҶԼƣɵЦЦ
ҶӣҸˣȥһŷʢ
ҶȻᷴԣһ˳һҾ¥ЩƲˣһֱȵڲ뿪
ŷʢΪʮǿߣڷ˳һԺӣҶס
ڶ죬Ҷѯǽλãǰˡ
̫ˣȻеͼҲաѾ쵶ţ˵ͱ
ڴ֮ǰϿһЩʵ˵
Ҷ쳯ǽȥϣԽӵһЩܹ׬ȡܶʯ˲ֻͬҪ㹻ʯΪľͺܿ졣
ܹʣİȫ˱ֻ֤Ҫۼǿ֣߳Ͳúˡ
һǽҶʧˡ
ǽȷкܶ񣬶Ҵ󲿷ֶ׬ȡʯǼ߼Ҳܹ׬ȡʮƷʯ
ٶȣʮҲİҶüȺɢޱĻҪ࣬⿿׬ȡʯõġ
ҪƷʯ̫ˣҵʯֻܴЩɵˡҶгһ˿ɱ⣬ΪôпˣɱӻôܿΪ
ʧ飬Ҷ׼ȥˡ
ʱһɢɫ˽˴Ϣҷһ̴о˵װʯеӵ׼üһǴһʡ
̴񣿡
̫ˣڿԴ׬һˡ
£ȻЩΣգΪʯƴ
һΪΪʳ

ǽһɢ˫Ŀȣʱ
˲һƬȻ
ҶҲسǰ漷ȥɱ̴һ׬ȡʯĺûᣬȻŹ
˺䶯ܿһλʼĳԸ˹ڶɢһѯʡ
̴̻׶мԱ̸˵Ҫʯܲǵ·ߣһᾭݣȫɢ޼˵
ܺãϢȷʵͽʮƷʯλկĳҲЩȲؾ͸ȥϢկˡ
ɢҲȥѰͬ飬׼һʡ
ҶҲȥϢŷʢ˶ʱϲŷʢİãδ׬һʣҾʾָһˡ
֪ڸȥԿǰһûᰡóһŵͼ˷ܵ˵
ǵţȥϴһ£ʲôʱŷʢȲ˳ȥʮΪڷկһڳϣȻһЩϵ
Ҷ찴סе˷ܣص̴Ҳѵȷϣһǵ˹й¶ϢϵأΪ˾裬ǳСġ
Ҷӷģ飬Ϣɢ޶ᱻʱؿƭǣǾңйأֻڷկɢޣܵõΣ¼ӽɢ޴Ϣһʵġ˵
ҶüشǺ⣬ΪʯðһգֻҪۼǿߣӦûֹܹ뿪


455 ӿ
ŷʢϢկ׼һҹ
ҶԶЩ
ϴӣʮʮִ²룬ʣµɢһһˡŷʢЩ˵
ɫԾɵɻôˣʲô𣿡
δӵ໪Ǹһߣŷʢ΢΢ߵ
ȻüɫͬЩѿ
ôǺʲô𣿡Ҷ쿴˿ǵɫʱ²⣬Ц˵
һ̫޳ˣŷʢ
Ҷ쿴һ£漴͵໪۱ǵǰǼկǺչˣһʱΣգȴԥذǵڻңԼȥ
ʼ壬αһ󣬿ˡŷʢЦ
Ǽ£Ҳ޷һǰȻüĿĳߣȴ㣡̾
ҶԻȻŷʢĵģ໪αӣȻϣԼʵĿ˷֣ô´˲Źŷʢ
ˣֵܣЩ꣬໪ûж¹֣Ȼʵ
ôûУŷʢߵ˵һҪлҪưңҲԵʻõΪһٱǡٺ٣
Щʱ޿̲ɱңϧΪǴõ౦Ҫ뿪˵ôֱڵʮʮ֮ԸҾûôˣԳ֡
ŷʢǸһĨЦ׼Ŵ;ֻҪҶҶ֣ͱկˡ
;ȵⶫ۸ɲͰ㻹Ǻݵġ
û취Ϊ˱ֻˡٺһЦûһĻҵ໪۵ó;һɫǱĽһ죬ٺ٣ݼ
ģܹһĻĳɵùЦ
˵Ĵ;ʲôҶһЩԺ;ǵһƺǳ
ҶӾȻû;ŷʢЩĿɿڴصҶ죬·ǵһʶҶƵģš
ҶڨڨһЦôⶫк֮
ԼɣŷʢԲٶԣóһƴСɫӣֻ˲䱬һ⻪ȻҶͿֳһĨϤĻ档
ףⲻ𣿡Ҷɴ۾Ŵ;ֻ浹ӳҶҲһľ֮ɫͨӲͬǣΧԲһڵĳֵķǳ
;͸ҷկֻҪҴΪһ֮ڵĳش븱ŷʢЦ˵漴;
ȻһǵһμҶ棬໪۲ԶԸŷʢԭˣֱ֣໪۸ҶֵĻϾͻᱻկկ֪
ⶫҲֻܱ֮⣬ûʲôôǼ۸Ĺ󣡡ȴһۣıɢ޿õģŷʢ˲СĴۡ
ȻдҲͲܵ໪۰ˡҶ˵
ŷʢȴҡͷЦǹ׶㰵ѷ໪ǿԽ赶ɱ˵ģδս϶ޱȻңʱ˵һλʼǿ߶ҳ֡
˵Ĵսǳǳң漴һկи֣ҲѷֱĳҲĵ
ǾͲҪμˡҶ
У
ôܣ
Ҷ֮⣬ŷʢԾܾ
˶һۣŷʢڵҶӣóһɢޡһɢ޵Ѵƴƴ׬ȡʯ⿿ǿޣⱲӶ޷ʡ츳޹أʵԴ̫ϡˡ
ɢ޾ڵѪģƴⱲӶͷҲһᶨ֮ɫ֪ΣգҲԸ
Ҫȵһ̴̫ˣƾҵʵƴһΣܹ׬ǧƷʯǶٴ񶼻ġŷʢ˫ȣʾ粻Զջܴ˵Խ׵벽ʾ硣
ȻˣǾ׼һ°ɣҶ쿴һᶨ֪Ȱ˵Ҳûãֻòˡ
ʵҶγˣΪʯξκһʵ

˳ǳ
һװŮڰϣĶ棬һλٸϡ
ŮĿԣ˲ųһ⻪˲ֱӡ
ܿ̿࣬ûΪЩİٸЦ͵
ͽǲԶˡװŮƲƲ
Ǻǣ˫ȾϣÿҲֻܿʱˣȴû뵽Ϊ˶١ٸһЦЩ⡣
ˣͱˣ̴̻ôװŮʵ
̫ˣٸ΢΢¶һĨЦ
ҲôΪװŮȻһЦ
ĳʲôˣߺߣٸߵ
ϿôƵط컹ȴĥһЩıƣһѵǲ˭ϿеߡװŮվһӢˡ
׼Զ֣ٸؿװŮӣǷǳλõԸһǾУһɨס
̫ˣװŮһ⣬ߵǰЩѾһЩˡᣬѾΪһɢˡ
ã˵Գ֣ٸ۾һУһĨէ
ҵ˼ˣǺǣ
װŮ¶Цݡ

ڳԶһ֮ۡУ໪۶ϣһ˫ϵӡ
û뵽СӻܻŻһ߼СѣϷûǷ
ߣһΣϷҪǻûŻ
֮໪ƣжʱâ֣һɫľӡ
ҶڴˣͻϵӾǴ;
ֻ໪촽˶Ƭ̺Сĵ;ЦһоϷ֮У

һʱգۼ
հǲжķկɢޣѾڷ˵һ޴㳡м
ͷǷկλϣֱ໪ۡڷɣ޺
ҶŷʢõϢ໪Ϊߣﵽڷɺ޺һʶ
弶ĶУǻ治ҶȻȺеһЩɢޣɵҡҡͷ
ΪͣƴôһӶҪֹͣ粻ǰҲû취ɢ޶ġص˵ͷŷʢǰҲ㡣
Ǵɴĵӣ֮·ȷߡҶҲ̾˿
ɢ޺ʹɵĵӲ̫ˣɵĵӣÿֻҪȻʯɢȴҪƴ׬ȡʯ
˵Ĳ࣬ʹôɵĵԽԽǿɢԽԽС
󣬾γľ棬ɢֻܹϿɵܹӲд


456 ּ
㳡ϣ໪ۡ޺ڷλկĳڰսƻսǰԱ
ҶȤţȵ໪ۿʼݽʱŷʢֵܾһЦͳ
λֵܣȻѾ˺ܾã֪ǲΣյ񣬵һҪȰһηսǳΣգû㹻ʵǲҪȥ໪ɫ˵
ôУΪ˵ᣬЩƵˣʧ˺ܴһʯһɢ޽е
೤ϣ֪ĵģǶѾ¶˾ģһδһɢ޿ڡ
ˣУ¸񰡣һɢǷ׷״ȣǿɲԸεĺûᡣ
໪ҡҡͷ̾ȻѾˣҾͲȰˣǷսǼǵöλ󣬲Ҫçײ
лϹģ
೤ǷկĴߣ˼ҴӣαȻʤ顣
೤ϲɢеϺˣʱڹǣǿߴӣǻʲô

һɢ޷׷׸ߺҡ
ҶǿĿɿڴû뵽ŷʢɵռһȻɢ֮ӵôǳϰ
αӣ
޳ܣ
ŷʢߵ
ȤҶȤشһ໪ۣ΢΢ϸһ˿Цݡ
ã໪һȻġݽ֮ɢǵﵽ۷塣
ҹʱ֣
¡¡һҴ󴬣һɢޣϿʻȥ
ְþûмֳˡΧһҴ󴬣˷ܡ
ôˣȴǲ֪жܹŻҶȴҡͷ̾Ϣ
Ϊʮλִ֮һŷʢδӣһǧɢޣҶͱĴϡ
ʱŷʢæĲУһЩ˾żǿоսԼսսƻ
Ϊ̫ͣ岻죬ҶʱΪ߼ΪҲûʸȥ
Ǿڴͷ֡
Ҷӣ᲻ʵЩؿҶ죬֪ҶʵֲԲΪ
ҶЦ˵ʱ˵ܲ¶ʵãҿɲע⡣
ٺ٣ЦЦǷǳڴҶıܺҶʵﵽʲôز
Ҷûм˵̧ͷԶȻ䣬ͫ΢΢һϳһĨ֮ɫ
Ҷ¶֮ɫԶһҴһλɢޣãλɢҲ˹
ʱĿԣ
Ҷ죡

Ҷɢ޼ͬʱڣøһЩɢ޿Щ档
㣡Цһ׼ɵҶߣȴһɫסˡ
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ԶҶüͷһ壬¶һ˿ɫ
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УִҡҡͷߵǶһҳһƬˣʲôֱȥɡ
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ִ£˵УǲСִһЦ
ŭȴ޿κΣֻǸؿҶ졣
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սԶҶܿͿڵս׼Ǵ֮ʱһ⼤ӺХ
Ȼû˿ˣҶɫȴ۾Ǹ֮ˡ
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㡭࣬ȴǲ֪ô˵
Сӣ³ִûǲмɨҶһۡ
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ֺ֮ĽȻȴŷʢ˲ֹһܿ·磬ŷʢ׷Ŵ

Χɢ޿ýζʱһȴ
λ޺̤նˡ
ŷʢȴûסֺ֣㱻޺ס֮ʱһȭݺݵغϣҷɳȥѪ硣
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ߣֺһصȥˣҶȴǸӦһ˫ԹĿ⣬ݺݵصһ¡
ñҶ쿴˿봬յֺ㣬һЦ
ʱЦӭ


457 Ĵ
Ҷ֣
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ŷʢսϣҶһؿű˴ˣŷʢʶȤػرˡ
վڴͷű˴˵ľ
̫Σˣһ·ߺ޷Ļ֣һ˿Ѿȫˡ
һһǿĵˣס˶ԷлߣԼȴϢҲ֪ǻ
ΣκȻ콾ˣ꿡ҲС롣
޷ϿʱѾʣķ֮һˡ
۾ͨ죬ǿҲɵ
أ޷ҲϿ𣿡ҶʵǳأԭΪߺ޷ڣһ꿡ܻùЩ
ڿǵڶ˺һЩֻһˡ
ǳĴ𣿡Ҷ첻ɵԥˣȻ꿡ܶΪڵΪִ̫ˡ
޷ԼĽʵҪǿö࣬ﵽ弶ʱ򣬾Ѿһ뿪Ͽǰݴ½ˡңʣµļˣԸٹĵӣ˷կ̾Ѿû˵굽սˡ
ߣ洦ʵ֪Լʵֻǵ׵ġ
ʲôߣʲô콾ûʼʵûʸۡ
ǺһǼأҶʵ
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⡭ⲻ㣡Ҷ˿Ȼļ򣬰ο
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øӼǿˣǼˣҲοġҶ˵ͷ漴Ƶ˵顣
֮ǳȣпãֵطʺһ㡣ô˵ƻȥ֮⣬ʣµ˶СУ
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صãսǷǳΣյġҡͷ̾
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ҶԣɫҲ֣ȻʵҲСһӵǿߵ̻ᡣ
λֵܣҸϢʮλִ¶顣úλŷʢǰȥսƻȥˡ
Ҷ˸ط
һķկɢޣһת۵ʱ䣬ҲһӰˡôһƬɭ֣죬ÿǧˣû˿⡣
ǿ̽飬һˣҲһҵǡŵ˵
ˣһأҶȤ
ⲻܣʴ󶼸߰ޱȣô飬ǱЦǿҡҡͷ
ԸˣҶ˵ͷȴЩǣ̻ôãûñ˴ٵ׼˵õʱһս
֮ŷʢλϻˣһɫǳѿȻǳá
ĵʵʲôˣ
໪Ǹ޳ܵļһȻҴʮ˵̻ǰķ̽ȥҲ̴֪п϶ʣҿûаղʷ֣ⲻ𣿡ŷʢŭ˵
ɫһȭͷλϾûл˵ⲻǰȥ𣿡
ٺ٣㵱λϾǺöҪȥ̽ûʲô飬ȻΪҵ໪ۡŷʢЦ
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ңҶҲڵ
⡭ŷʢЩжؿ˿ҶΪ̫ˣҼ˼żǿһȥ
ң㲻ȥҾԼȥǿӲŷʢ޻˵ֻܸжص˵ͷ
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ΪɽĴӪϿɢ֮һɽͬޱȷ٣ɢ޵Ӱ
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ʱһɢ޽һȻ
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Ȼ֮ɫü֮䣬һʢ˵ζһЦ˵ɣӽԺϿʣɽˡ
˵գվһǿƱӱŵɢ޶һ󺹣ɫӹˡ
֮ɽ죬һɽɢޣٽկϿսĻ
ʱԶããϵһҾ޴̴ݵķǰš
Ҿ޴̴棬һƮɫʡ̻ᣡ
󵱼ҵģӦϣǱذɣô㻹Ըˣ̴ڣȵؿŶһ󺺣ȴһ˿м
Ϊִ̻£ǿߣܶԷ弶ǿߣɽĴ󵱼ҵģҲû˿⡣
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֪̻ǿκ뻢ıƤΪ˳ưϿò
׼˺ܾõļƻ
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ɫһ໪ôҪ飬ȻһϢûиҡ
ֲؽ⣬໪۸벻˷ɷɵۣõϢޣҲֻǵһӶѡɽ˵
ãд󵱼ҵڴˣɷҲһ٣ǿδϷɣЦ
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һ˲䣬Ҷڣеɢޣһȫס˺ûдһ
һɢ޶ض̴ƺڵȴһ
ڣ̴ݵʱ໪ۺλϵˡ



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Ѿ׼õĴУһ𱬷̴
Ȼǣ̴ƺ׼һҵıֶûУҲѾ׼˷У˲ͱˡ
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կŷʢ˷ܡ
կҲȻܾûмկˣһֱǵá
ҶԣȤؿȹŮˣһλʵɲʣǳǿеɵ
Ƿկկɷɡ


459 
ɷɣһŮӣһЩš
һִ˷կճΪϿ֮һΪɢеһһ߶ֻ
һŮӣò˵һλӢۡ
ҶȤһԹսɷȻȺ֮УǼҲûϵ໪ۻᱳûüӦɢʧأڷɳ϶ˡ
ȵɷɱʱ̻ʣѾûնɱǧɢˡ
໪۱ѵʱ򣬻ǧɢ޸űˣ·Լõģߵġսѡ֣ʹǧկɢ䡣
һկγһˣȥѵһǧλɢޣһʧǧˣӽһˡ
ɷŭ죬׶ЩŤˣŭ֣ЪƬ̾ͻɱһλ̻ǿߡ
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Ȼһλ弶ǿߣҶ첻ɵˡ
̴ֻ֮Уһ̤նȫ⣬Ӵƣգһ顣
νʶʱΪܣɷɣأӾɽɽ죬ʱһؿɷɡ
կɢ޿ɽ֣ʱһɫ䣬г˾֣Ҳûиղżɷɵϲˡ
ΪϿ֮һɽԶһɢ޲
ڳеƣֻҪɵӣܿóկһˡ
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һʵǿһλ弶ǿߣλǿߣǧߡ
۷ɷһֻһ弶ǿߣʣµĵǧɢޡǣһɷɱɽסƾʲôͶʶ
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Ҷٶȷǳ죬ֱӳҲҶ죬һ˿æһЩ߰˼ǿߣϣԽҶ졣
ȻҶĻҪǿֱӺһ׵磬ɱһƬǿߣŵĿɿڴˡ
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Ҷ죡ŭҶһףҲ޷ˡ
˵˵ֺ޺޵ؿһöǹŲҶȥء
ǼһȥǷһЩʱ˵ƽ֡Ҳע⣬Ϊ˶ռЩƺ˸Ǽߡֺ
ƨҪ飬ôͬ⣡һԴ
ߣǿǸ˰û뵽ôݣʱ򶼽ضءֺЦ
㡭Ҫɱ㣡
ƾɱ𣿡ֺ㲻мƲƲ졣
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ǵõһοʱԷˬӣҶкøС
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ΣЦ
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Ļ£Ҷһգ޴ǳֶ֮ʱ飬Եֱɱֺ㡣
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460 ˭ͽ
ҶĿݺݵصʵ޷ŶԷᱳѱʮ˹ȻΪһ棬˸Լһͬ顣
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Ҷ죬ң˭Ǳߣֹ㲻ţҵʱҲţ˭š
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־˵ͷֻȻйɲõֱоһս»᲻˳
һССɢҾͲܹ赲־һһҪɹ־뵽


464 ż
˵ٷϾˣһɢ޶æµš
ν˶󣬽һµʱ䣬ЩɢޱѾ˳ǻָԭеػҲ޸֮࣬㹻ӦĴսˡ
Ҫǣзɷկڣλ̻ǿҲ޾ˡ
ֻзկһڳǣ֪̻ǿÿ˵ж˵ǡ
һĸۡҶڵǸԺһۣҶӻڱչأţȻ˿̿࣬ǲԺĳɾ͸жߡ
츳ԡҶһȱسΪۡһԵŷʢĿȣĿͬ۾磬ֻгΪǿߣӵһϯ֮ء
ۼǿ߼Щ࣬Ҳѽ˴ɱĴҲԸһǿߡ
ֻҪۣݴ½ﶼȡãңڣ޾
ÿһľ硣
۰ܹ֮Ϊʾ޺ˡ̾˿п֪Լ츳ΪһɢޣܹΪѾǼˣд
ٺ٣˵ǵǴλҲڵʵǸԺȥݴ½˵ʲôǿ԰Щ϶һ˿ϣ۵ġŷʢļЦŰο
䣡
ͻȻһǿϢҶڵԺӱ˲ϯۡ
ŷʢֵܶʱһǶоһϢѹȸУ㶼վˡãѹÿ죬ȥҲ죬ת۾ʧˡ
ҶҪˣϲ
Ҷӵʵǿ࣬ǲ󰡣ôǿˣȻô졣ŷʢ羴
˭˼նɱǿߣҶӵ츳·ݴ½ҲеġעķȻȥݴ½ġЦ
ǰţȥݴ½Ĵ̨ŷʢҲЦ
˵ʲôأЦôģ
ڴʱҶĻ
ԶԺҶƿţ
żŷʢͫһ𾪵ؿҶ죬û뵽Ҷչһ¾ͽһ硣
һԵûˣѾľˣһμҶʱԷ弶ڶѾżˡ
źͨ˵Ĳࡣ
ϲҶΪ
ϲ
ŷʢϹҶʵ
ǺǣҶҲܸˣȻֻһ磬ǵ̶ֳȣһʵǿܶࡣ
ڵԲȷСС־٣Ҫǿܶࡣ
߼ϵǿߣҶ塣
ǿʵǿţҶ쾡ܲҫ֮ˣ˵֮䣬̬·һһ
ߣҶоԼһˣһо֮С
ҲǸõ뿪ʱˣڴ֮ǰðɷɽѡҶ찵뵽ԼڵʵѾ㹻ǰݴ½ˡ
λôʯô˵ҲзկĹ͡ҷɷ˲ڶԷѵʱ뿪ǲҶԸ
գҶ쿴ŷʢʵŷ֣կ˵𣿡
ѽŷʢ͵һԼԴԣկ˵ˣһؾȥ
ãȥٺһҶЦ˵
ţŷʢ˵ͷ
ȥ׼Ʋˣٺ٣ЦҲоҶ첻úҪ뿪ˣѵʱ䣬ȻҪ顣
Ҷ뿪ŷʢĸ֮ۡ󣬾ͳųȥˡ
ΪһǰҶǺͷɷһģֻɱλɽʣǿʵ÷կһɢġ
ԣһ·ϣвɢ޶ҶҶҲһһЦŻӦ
Ҷϣ
Ҷϣ
ſڣɢҶ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ʵկ𣿡
ڣҲڡһæ˵
Ҷ쵱븮ۡ
ܴ󣬲󲿷ǺԺǰһֱͨͨҶܿ
֮УɷɡССãзկʣʮλ϶ۼ
Ҷʱ˶վˣǶǰߵ𾴣Ҷ쵱չֳʵһڳ϶¼ĳϡ
կС㣡ҶŷɷɽãԼλϵ˵ͷ漴ֵһλ
ҪλãϵڵλãʣǿյģҶ֪Ƿɷɵ˼Ҳˡ
Ҷϣãǵ˷ɽɢڳ˵հͻˣλʲô飬˵˵ɡ
֮󣬷ɷ˵
ô죡Ҷ첻ɵþû뵽־Ķô죬˵ĶȻ
Ҷ첻ɵ˼ܹ־ǿߵĶ˵Ҳô
һڳüͷһǣȻо֡
ҶһԳĬؿţ֪ԼģʵǿҲ֣ϾɵӶ֪կôˡ
Ƭ̣Ҷ쿴һλ׷վ˾棬ֵһˡ
ӦǷկĴϣҶ찵뵽λϵΪļһڳ֮ߡ
λϣλկ϶˵˵ͷ漴˵һɽǿʵԭȵλǿ֮⣬ɽҲˣ֮⣬˲̻ǿߡ
λüͷĸˣǰзɷɲŴӮģɽĻֺǰһˡ
ңּ̻˲ʡ÷կѹˡ
һɨ˳صɫλҲҪģɽڣߵĶǿҲƽ̻ǿߣǿԽӪ󷨣ԼƽֻҪЭɽذɡ
⻰Ȼ˵Ưһڳ϶ʼǿߣɶɵӣȻᱻϵĻˡ
λϳĬɫȻѿгһ˿ԥ
϶ʱǵؿɷɣֻɷɰڰ֣漴վȻλϣһսȷΣգҲûʤİգ˭Ҫ˳Ϳ뿪ҷɷɾ赲
կԶʱˡ
Ҷ춼һȵؿɷɣ˭֪կʵɽЩˣǷկͲôˡ
ЩҲһŵؿŷɷɣǷɷ̫ˣǻΪɷƭء
ССû˵ֻƽؿŴڵһУȻͷɷ顣
ҶҲƽؿһĻֻзկĴ˿ɷɣٿ˿СС̾˿
һڳȴһʱû˵Ͼλзկϣõ˲ٷկĺôʱ뿪Ļ˭ûƤ
Ȼ϶Ҫ뿪ģֻڴ˴ͷ
ɷɴʱҲڿλϣ֪Լһֽķկ󻹻ʣ¼λϡ


465 ͵Ϯƻ
һʱĳĬ֮һλվ
һӣĿ࣬䲻
Ҷɨһִۣ˵ΪǿߣڷկڴˣҪ˵Ļ϶һʧ
ɷɺͷССˣȻҲЩû뵽һվˣȻôз
Ԫ㲻Ҫ˭ȵģϿվӣ
ϣ죡ɷɶʱȵɲΪѹˡ
կϿ˷ɷһۣ漴̾һ
կҲΪǷկãͲҪˡʱԪ˵ˣǣûѡ뿪
˶ʱȵؿ
ԪԳЦЦԣҵկµģû㣬ˣʱ뿪
ɷɺͷССʱص˵ͷ
СӣҲǺЦ
λԪλ˵֪һĻǿǲԸģλҲ֮ˣʱѡ뿪ĻԼȥԼǸ
λ϶ʱЩˣȷͬԪ룬Щ˸Ϊ£ֻΪƤѡ
Ҷ찵޵Ԫôһ˵ЩҪߵĳϣʱҲˣϾʣҪ档
ҲЦˣԪ˼
ԣһð취ȿλסܹȫ塣ԪͻȻ˵
ʲô취һʵ˵ͺˣֻΧһȺ϶ͨ죬Ͼ͵ͷˡ
ԪЦЦܼ򵥣ȫס˳ǣ˳ǱˣǵİѾ޷ˡôλҪ뿪Ļ뿪ʱǷկûһ˻ᳰЦΪǼصһ̡
ãһð취ĵʱ򣬾ǲ˵Ҳ뿪ġɷ۾һվ˵Ѿˣ־ҪǷ˵ڹǷկɽ˼ֻҪ뿪˵Ļ뿪ϿĻҲƴǡ
ڣǲƴ뿪ССվ˵ǿ֮£ı
һڳ޵ǣҲԣ˫ʵ࣬һҪߣȷûκѡ
ôڸоôӭսˣǹأιأЦ˵ڷկһڳΪߣʵҲϵģϣկ
ԸۿΪݵ㣬ɽںսУط˳ǡԪ
ϷҲ˼ϵ˵ͷ漴ɷɡ
ɷɳһ£ʵǹˣҲãۿǲö󷨣ĥһʵ
ɼֱ͵ϮɽĴӪǵʿҶͻȻڡ
ɷɡССϡԪ˾۾һ
⣡ϵһ޵
Ҷϸһ㲻ܱƵɽҲʿ˼㣬һߵʿԪȵؿҶһۣЦŵͷ
Ǿô죬־Ѿ뿪ɽһˣͿԳ˭Ըμ񣿡ɷ˵
ңԪһڡ
ҲڵϷҲԡ
λ̿ڣΣղ˭֪ɽǿ߶˵ˣӪ϶ûж
ɷɳɵؿһԪʹϣüԷկ˽⣬Ҫͳȫ֣ϾҺͽ㶼ᱻ־ɽǣסսҪָӲС
ðɣϷ³çˣϺ֪ܿԼʧڨڨص˵ͷ
ԪЦǾȥɣҵʵӦ㹻ˡ
ϣۿڣΪǵһսָӣĻ˳ǣҺͽȫ֡ɷü
կǣԪ㻹°ɡϵ˵ͷ
⡭ðɣԪ̾˿ҲóԼ֮⣬ۿڶС
ô͵ϮļƻɷɵĿɨЩϣʱЩͷۣЩϰ²УǵΪ̫ͣ͵ϮɽĴӪ
կȥɣƻҲġҶЦ˵
ɷɶʱ۾һЦҶϵʵҷģ˷ǰȥȻֵ
ҶϣǾĺϢˡҲЦǺǵ˵
ҶȻΪǳԷկһ㶼˽⣬û취ָӣȥ͵ϮɽĴӪõѡ
²˳٣ϾͳҶվ˵ѡ͵ϮɽĴӪҲԼСžš
ɽô˵Ҳһ´˲ʯ־϶Ҳ˲ʯǶڴӪĻôҾͷˡҶ찵뵽
ҶҲ֪ɽ־»ʯԼС֮Уǲô˵Ҳһϣġ
Ҷϣأɷɵ˵ͷҶ뿪˳
úҶصŷʢĸۡƻ
ŷʢЩǵҶӣȻɽǿ߶ˣǵĴӪ϶ǿ󷨣һ˿𣿡
ǰҪҪկһ£λϡҲǡ
ǺǣǴϺկȥĳһֻ־ȥʲôãҶЦ˵гš
ŷʢʱ˵ˣҲ֪Ҷʵǳǿ󣬿½ӽկˡ
ĳȥûãϺկֲ뿪ôֻҶһˡ
İɣƻģȻẦԼҶ쿴˻ǣɵЩж漴ο
Ҷ㱣أ
ֵĺϢ
ŷʢ˵ͷ
Ҷ̤գǿ֮£뿪˷˵ɽڵķǰȥ
֪־ǿߣΪʲôһҪõ˵
ǿ£Ҷտտ趯Ʋ͵ϮɽӪĸĿġ
ܹ־ĶҶҲҪ
ĸ·֮Ĺԣ䣬ϧΧһƬ߶Զ
ţҶͻȻһæˮ棬ֻ¶һСԴǰԶ
ȻԥϿʹ־޷̽Χ߶Զ
ǵҶּǿߣȴǷǳģ
Ӧ־ĴҶ찵²ͨɢ޸·ôң󲿷ֶСԸųһϢ˷֡
ֻ־ŻôңԶľ
Ȼ֮Ҷ쿴սʻҴ󴬣ÿһҶװǧˣⲻʮˡ
ɽǼˡҶ찵Ϊկǡ
Ƭ̺һսˣҶԱߺХ
Щս棬վһλλɢޣÿ˵϶ţ·֪ⳡսʤƵġ
Ҷüͨɢ޶ôţȫûһǰʧܵӰ˵־ɽξлʤİա
̻˲ǿߣҶ˼Ƭֻ̣뵽¸ӵˡ


466 ռɽ
ɽɢ֮ԽɽΪǵĴӪһ޴ɽϡ
Ͽеһ漣һ޴ɽ壬Ưڴϣһ졣
ɽûֵģɽռ죬ΪɽԴ˲ɽɢ֯
ò˵ɽеģٶķչڳɢ֮һС
ǴèֻСû־ɽԴűʤİա
Ҷվڸ߿УŲԶɽԼĴӪɽɢ޲ûԼϢ׾̽ɽص
ֻһλǿߣʣһǧɢޣʵҲ㲻ˣҶǰȴǲһ
ɽȻֻôϼңôι˵ǿˡ
Ҷ첻Щǣ²ԥֱӽɽɽĹȥ
ʲôˣ
ô˰
ȴԶ
Ҷ̧ͷȥ۾ʱһУ֮Уʮ߰˼ǿƳغХ
Щɢ޵ʵǿˣֻǿȴûг
ҶԼҲԣһżɢޣλǿ߻ûн
Ҷ첻ɵԳЦЦû뵽ҲбСƵһ죬һû˵һֱӳ֣һƾͽЩɢȫɱ֮û˿顣
ѪȵһĻסһشӪɽɢޣһĿɿڴǴûм˸ôɽĴӪ֣̫ˣ̫Եˡ
λɽҲһ£βŷӦŭ
δ䣬һǿӰѾҶǰǹĿֲƣͬϽˮ಻ӿϯ񷡣
ǿߵķŭѹ֮£һɽɢ޶оľҴһ
ǶҶ죬ȴֵƮƵһڵӡ
ţüΪɽңĵλӹɣɽ˵ɽΡ
ζҲûмǰ꣬żΪȻԼǰ治ɫ·һ㶼ǹơ
µ˭Ϊɽκܿ侲öԷҪɵӵĻŵƣܿݷǷ
Ϊһɢޣ֪Щ塢ɵǿһǲ
ԣҶ϶е
Ѿ̻ˣΪǿߣǱԼĽСģϣǵǿĵˡ
㲻ʱԱ𣿡Ҷ͵ؿһۣԷܹһԼŭԼûбŭƣԿɲһǿ
ʵϣɢ޵ӷǳѹܹɢ֮ӱʾǿߣһԳ֡
֮ǰѷկ໪ۣڷկô꣬û֪Ŀɴ˿ɼĻôֲ
ɽңΡ˵ûΪҶΪСƶԷΪԷҶǿ˵ô˵ƺܴ
ֲõԤС
Σ֣ҽҶ죬һҶҶ졣ҶԵ˵ͷ漴һЦ
ǸҶ죿ζʱɴ۾ŵؿҶ졣
»Ҷˣû뵽Լôɽ˶֪Լˡ
ôʶңҶȤؿΣ˵
ߣºͷɷһնɱɽλϣɽ˭˲֪ߵҶĿЩŭЩɵЩǡ
ڳǰɽǵ־Ҷ־ҲҶʵعƲļ֮£Ҫǿҡ
ֻɻǣҶôʱɽѵ֪־ɽѾڹ˵
û뵽ɽô󣿹ҶԹһЦЩԳζ
εɫǳѿĪ˼ѵ㲻֪ǵ˶ȥǷ˵𣿿µȥʱѾ޼ҿɹˡ
𣿡Ҷ첻÷ص˵ͷ漴ں˵˵û˾ûˣҲż˵û죬˵ɽڣô޼ҿɹ顣
ʲô˼ɻؿҶ죬ɫ̾ͱˣŭɽ
Ϊҵʵ𣿡Ҷ쵭˵ƽȴüͷһҲͳȥ
ߺػ󷨣
̫ˣҶ첻мƲƲ죬һԭһӰһȭֱӵΡ
ҶһƴһٸС뱬ֲԪ·ӺƵ
ζʱɿ͵Ԫûˣ֣ôҲ벻Ҷʵôǿǿʵ¶ѾԽ弶ˡ
û˿ĵֿ֮˱˰Уһ񣬱ҶսСС
һеǣܹշҲΪһСҶ찵뵽ҪշΣúͶԷ˵ô໰ͽԷһˡ
¡¡һݲеĹȻֱ񷣬գγһž޴Ĺסɽ
󷨣ϧƾʵӲҶ첻мһЦ
ǿ󷨣ôҶҪƣҲʮ²УϾɽķѰٶάֵ󷨡
ϧǿ󷨣ҲҪǿ߲ܷӳǿ
һǧɢ޸ûһʴڣӲ󷨵ʮ֮һ
ʱ䣬Ҷ콫Ӳؿ׵֮ɽػ󷨸ˡ
ЩصɢޣֻаٶˣʣµĶҶ׵ýڣȫʬ
ȥɽϢٺ٣Ҷ΢΢һЩܵɢޣûȥ׷Ҫɽ֪Լϳ˹ռˡ
Ϣɺݺݵشɽʿ
ɽ־ҪѪ
ȻѪҲܸϻֻҧгݡ
ҶڽЩص֮󣬱㽫θ˳һﱻһȫڴվվȣԪˡ
ôҵģͦİɣҶЦŴȤ似ʵǿѾչֳ似еղ֣ξֱӱɱˡ
ҪɱɱξһüͷλͦйݺݵصҶһۣ˵
ʣЩͼһ̰Ļôܽʾ硣
Ҫ֪Щɢ޵ܹɹʵģûһث֡Ϊɢޱޱȼ࣬ɵӡث֡ûˣǲܳΪʵġ
Ǻǣҿû˵Ҫɱ㣬ֻҪԺΪҰ£ұ֤㽫лۡҶЦеؿΡ
Ϊ£գ۾Ҷһۣ漴ߵΣ
Ҷɫʱˡ


467 սʼ
ε̬ȣҶҪһʵͷô׵ˣȾ磬ԸҲṶ͵
ȻҶۡĻôλѡͷϾʼһǿΪ硣
ǿߣǺӵ顣
񵱳ﵽʥڣѡ칬ĻɽޣΪ칬оڡ
ϧǣҶȻʵûǿθĵز
ҵģһʵǧ֮ðҾã㻹ǿãѵɽĸôãԸΪҶ˵
Ȼû취ԼǾֻвԷˣʼǿԻǧ꣬ûбҪĻһԸȥ
Ȼɫ˱䣬Ȼûɿڣ󵱼ҵĺңǲᱳģ㻹ǱˡңǷկϾҪˣͶ
βϧҲκɽãʵҶûǸǮͶ
һɢ޶ѣ弶ʵҲҪһҲ̫Цˡ
ûоøҶжǰ;
ΣɽôãӦ֪ɽΪˣֻҪɵӾͲΪҶЦһ۾Ϳε˼ߵ¸㣬Һ塢˵ŶйϵúҾҪȥ˵ţǳңҿ˵
ζʱ̧ͷ˵ţһĴ˲֪
λǲţЦֱõŸɢ޻һ𣿡
ҶĻ˵ǿǶĴĴйϵˣôϿֵطɢΪ顣
ңηǳɢ޵ĵλ˵䲻ĻЩЩɢޡ
ֻ·˵أǹկǰ˵ˡǲţҸ˵㶼һѵʲôʧ𣿡ҶϷʵ
ζʱһ㶣԰ԼڱԷץסɶԷôҲһ֣ҿ˵ԷıôԷҲһѡ
գοҶĿûôˣã㣬ֻҪҽ˵ôˡ
Ͷ𣬴ҺͺĶãɱɱ治顣ҶԹЦ
ɫʱ˳飬ðѣʲôͺ㿴һصʬ壬СӸղɱģװװ
ȻҲֻ룬û˵
շ֮ҶܺãٴδһԵʵˣȻɽңӦ֪飬֪ɽûʲôʯ£
Ҫپ˵𣡡бһҶ죬󵭵ɢ޶ǳеʯҲ󵱼ҵĵвʯСУڳ˽֮⣬ûмֵĶ
Ҿ֪ҶʱʧһοʼʹСΪӵС磬ŲὫڱ𴦡
ʲôȷԼϸأ
߰ɣȥ˵ҶΣ˳վڰУóѪħƷйһ㣬ɽһͿ
ʱټɽͳһʯɢڴУҲû֮ǰΡɽˡ
ҶʵҪƽһû˱ɽ壬Ƿǳ׾ٵġ
һˣҶݺݵطйһ֮ڳһЩȻͼӿٶȣŷ˵ȥ
־ǲڲŸϵ˵ڸϻȥӦûüս
ҶҲ֪Ϊʲôɽʮ㣬Ϊ־˲ǿߣһλɽ֮µ弶ǿߡ
һկƾͲˣҲֵֻһʱ䡣
İҶ̾˿ٴٶȣŷ˵ķȥ

Ҷµĺܶԣ־ɽĴ˿ոյִ˵á
ûϽ˵ǽеսۼһںϴһսݣΪʱء
ȻɽʼŸۿڷߣǾӣ˵ʹ򣬸û˿ԡ
ϸţֻҪŮ˺ͷɷɳϸҡɽָսһ¶ŸۿڷҵĽ
Щɢ޶ڼϵǿߣÿ˳ֵʽǳãʮɢһ֣ǿֲܣ־Щľ
կɢ࣬ڸۿжʮˣػ󷨵İɵؾ͵סɽĽ
ǸһϣҽҪ·˵Ҳٶһʱ䡣־״̻Щһȥ
һ뵽ؽǰоһƬȣҲȴһӵʱ䡣
ɽ״ҲֻøɽЩǿҲȥ
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£ɽǷôƴȥӮˣҲʧأӻ𣿡
ڸۿָսԪؿЩ󷨵ǿߣּ
ϣҪҪ֪ͨկԪһС˵ɵҲó⿿Ԫġ
ˣۿǱûдסǵʵȻٳ˵˳ǡԪҡҡͷߵɽҪ¸ۿڣҲҪһƤ
˵գԪҲսػ󷨵ıһ˾ܵסԷλǿߣ÷կʿ
սĶ̶һСʱѾɢ޲ɺѪҺȾ˸ۿڣǳޡ
ػ󷨵İկʧǳСɽͷկһ⻹ǿɽһЩǿ߰
ǵƣɽʵҲֵƣǰկǿɽҲԸ⹥ɽ
ÿԼĴӪķǳ̣ͬȼǲܹƱ˴˵ĴӪġ
⻹Ƿ˵ϴѾһδݲУҪӼֻ̣־ɽԳֲС
ôֶܼãԪһԡѪս֮˻ѯһԵɢޡ
ϣѾ˰ٷ֮ʮܼһʱɢ޹˵
ʲôô죿ԪԴʧɫһǳֹʮλǿߣһͷƤ飬֪Ϊʲô󷨻ôˡ
ȥټְʱȻǾͳˡԪ̾
Űʱ䲻Ҫۿڳˣкܣܱ
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ȻбǵԪصɽɢʬʱǻ¶һ˿Цݡ
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468 
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ųϱô˵˵ʵ׳ҷկܣ㻹Ǳǫˣһڳ϶ҪˣǺǣɷɰ˰֣Ц
ҲЦϷղſɽѪʵǴİһװʧˣһǸ
ų
ɽսܵʧʿǺ
δܹɽǵֵסǵĹǿԵġ

һڳҲͷ޵û뵽ۿһսȡõսôԻͣʱı
ԪиˣȴǫⶼǴҵͬЭһ֮͡
СӾǫ飡Цһ£漴Զɽ۾ЦǾҪȴҶϵĺϢˣҪ˶ãɽҪıѪˣ
˸ǣҶߵʱҿһҪɽж˿飬ԺϿûɽĴˡһЦ
λһ㶡
ɷɡССҲɴ۾ǿһɽ֪Լϳˣ»÷衣
㰡СգϷκϲҲһ㶣漴ЦЦ
ɽ׷ɱĹңѹôߣҿɽ˳Ҫ÷衣ԪҲЦ
λҲ¶Цݣһʤӡ
ڷկߵĻЦأɽǱȴһƬ־ɽڣһǿߵɫѿ
Щͨɢ޾͸Ӳкɫˣкܶ඼ˣϾֱȥġ˵ģʮʧɲС
Ҫǣķôǹ·˳ǣֻһûõĸۿڡ
ССһկû뵽ôѿУǺЩֵ֪Ҿֱӵǡ־һơ
شЩֵ֪ĻͿֱӵˡʱλ弶ǿߣʮλļǿߣϰλǿߣɽͷկһҲֵˡ
ϧǣǼֵܸҰ֮Ϊ̻ļ̳Ȩ˴˶ǵжԵģϡ
εЩֵ֪û취ռǸˣɲҪġ
ֹӣÿɷһλ߼ǿߣǿ֣߳ôկض𡣡ɽС˵֪־ͷϡ
־ƳɽһۣǿԵĻһõңߣ
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Ͼ߼ϵǿߣǶʾĶǿߡһǿߣ֮
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һߣĻʵֻʵһУһǿΪ硣
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ҲˣЩСڴɡĵϵǸЩ;ɢޣǾЩɢ޾һȺУλܵ͡
Ҳɢ˴ԭ
־һȴǿúܿЦ⣬ҪסҪҵЩֵܣͱǸǿЩɢ޵ļ룬ܹʵֺαؾܾ
˼ص˵ͷȴǺܲ⣬һ弶ɢ޶ѣʣµʶûж٣µ׾ٵЩɢޡ
־һ֪˼Сĵ̽һ漴˵⣬ҵĸҾ͸صϢ
Ŷˣһڴؿ־ֻ֪־ڷ˵һأȴ֪ʲôء
㻹ǵðǰһʮƷʯµǱƽ𣿡־ʵ
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469 ɶ
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ڵ۾̫֮ɢ޵ݣսɵ۸֣ȴǱһһܣûһܹٽ
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ͬʱҲκռϿԶɢޡ
ΪˣϿɢ޲˼ʮƽʱ⣬Ȼڣ־Ҳð˺ܴķա
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ǽ̫ҪػĵطΪǸصĻ˵ʲôҲ־̾
ûͱе̰ջˣŻᣬָ̫ױĳĿȵ⣬㿴ѽǲеϤ
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ǰɲֻὣʱҲкô˵Ҫȭ־Ц
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⣬ʱؽ֮սɷɽãǻܣʿ𡣡ЦֵÿɽЦ
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ĪҶϳɹˣԪϲ
пܣɷ۾һʱɽķŭԭˣɵ졣
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ء
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Լѡǧڣ־˵գӭϣҲ飬ǿƳССɱѽѷ֡
ǿߵսһɢ޲ҽӽ׷׶ԶԶġ
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ʱɷɱɽأλ弶ǿߣɷڲУ·硣
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޳ܣɷŭһȫͷųȵĻ棬һֻˣȼ񷣬ɽ
ɽȻзɷɣɵæԮһȴҲòֻ֡һȭնһϯĿ»棬һȭȫϨ
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Ĳľתս壡
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ЩɡĵӣΪʲôɢˣΪЩɵĵӣűɢ޸ǿ似սҲȻԶЩɢޡ
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־׼һᣬһȭݺݵغڷССϣϽ䣬ȭ⣬硣
Ҳתս壡ССشһ˿Ѫͫ׽ض־
ҵ¶˾תսĲ㣬ܲ᣿־Цĵƣײᶯá
̻ᣡССҧгݣ¶һ˿ɬתսĲ㲻ôЩʻһʱ仹ǿɹģҪѪС
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Ⱥկɢأ
ͬľҲڷɷɵУǿŮˣҪҧ촽һеس
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ϧûǸʵһЦתսĲ߶۷״̬һ̫ͬһҡ
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˶ȭͷųĿĹâ̫ըһͷų޾ĲùâһƬҡ
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ɱ㡪ɽлᣬԽŷɷɱȥҪԷһ
ɽ֮ΣԼƲƲ죬еĲм֮ɫŨˡҲûֹԸһѾʧȥսŮˣҲó֡
ţ࣡ɽɷҧгݵؿųɽҪһ˿ȴȫʹͷһƬҲ᲻һ˿
ɷɣû뵽нɣվǰܸˡɽ֮ɫһȴ̫ˣڻŮˣڴܷկˡ
뻢ıƤҲк³ġɷԹ޵صɽ
Ͳˣҳʲô£ҲˡɽںЦЦһɷɡ
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䣡
һ貵ĵâͬӺڰԨ֮ƥܣֱӽɽ˺ɳԶ
ȿȿȡɽѪɫʱ԰ףؿһƬѪģһɼǵѪɫۡ
ʲôˣ𾪵ؿɷɵıû뵽Ȼ˳Լעشɽ
կû°ɣ
ɷֻоԼһ˫ֱסԺ۾ȴһףɫĳֳһѪĿޱȵ
Ŀ⣬еһ˿Ϥζ
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Ҷ˿ûаԼɵôһҶһȭɱ
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472 ȫʤ

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Ҷ䣡
˳ǵһɢ֮󣬲ɵüش˶ڷźһޱ˷ܣҰ
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ôҲһͶĻᣬЩ̻ǿߣͱ߳ϿˡСС
־־ŭղƵöԷ첻ӦȴˣǷˮת
־ĸߵҳСǷկҪҵˣҲ̫ˡ
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Ǳ˿ˣȴΪʩչû뵽ҶҲתս塣
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ԣû뵽ҶҲ˵Ĳľתս塣
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󣬻ʮʳλǿ߳ȫҶͷССΧȥ
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ҶȴǲЩ˵Ĺֱɱ־ȵ־ҪѰ·𣿡
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ҪǣҶ׵֮Ļ־һ¶ȫڣԪˡ
ɶһССɢޣôôǿ似ɵĵĲľתս壡־ŭӣԼԽԽҶĶ֣ҲԽԽء
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ССɷɣһڷկϣʱҶ־Χ־ѷɡ
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ӦвʯɣҶƷ־֮ؿ˫Ŀ֮УȵĹâ
̻ôУ̻Ӧôвʯ˵Ҳ
Ҷ첻̻ᱨһҪ־ԭ


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ɷҲ֪ҶԸûм˵ֻǰˣԺлٱ
Ҷϣû뵽ʵôǿҴ۽ˣпдһ¡ССЦ˵
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־ʱѾѹˣϾǿߣָǷǳµġأʱû˿սֻԹ޵صҶ죬ĿƺҪҶ
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𣿡־һҶ죬мҪǸɱңҵǺ̻ıɣȰ㻹ǹԹԷңȻŷկ˵һһ
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־ʬ壬ʱͫһŭӵصҶ죬㡭㾹ɱ㲻̻ᱨ㡭㡭
ϻ˵ұصϢñ̻вҡô̻ỹûôʵҵҡҶ˵
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вңƾһɢҲвңǳ룬Ҳ㣬͵̻ıɣǷկûһܹ־ŭȻû侲
ꡭһѪ˸־Һһһֻ첲ҶѪħն£۵СС
㡭־ŵصҶ죬û뵽Ҷҳ֡


474 
Ҳķϻ˵ǲ˵Ҷ־еѪħڵѪԶĵϣ־ֻϱۡ
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ҫΰɷԵһɫʱ䣬ˣһʾżǿߣΪ̻ү
£ô죡Ͼе֮ɫˡ
կɣǱ뿪ˡԪɷɡ
ĳҲɷɡ
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ɷɣҶ˵öԣѾûѡˣ㲻ΪԼ룬ǷկǼʮɢأССҲȰ
ɷһ԰կʮɢޣҫΰԸ񣬿϶ŹЩɢ޵ġ
֪ͨ˰ɡ
ɷ̾˿·һӲ࣬϶ʧȥѪɫһƬ԰ס


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ûһɢ޵ƽɷٶ׳һըӽ쿪ʼҲǷկɢˣΪҾɢկ
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ʲôҶ컹û˵꣬һԵķСС;
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ˣɷɽӹ˵ڽ֮һսɵۣһˣ
˵ȷý֮Ҷ첻̾һۣܺɨɵۣԲһţ̫Ҳˡ
ǵȻĽûһ֣Խɱ׾ٵġɷԺ
õȻǷǳλɣҶ첻ɵöԴ˸Ӻˡ
Ȼλ죬ûиǽɶڷ˵𣿡ҶЩɻʵ
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ʱһҶĺ棬ʰ򿪡
磡ɷƳһҶеĻ񣬵̾
硭Ҷ쿴ŻӣʱһƬ𾪡


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ССȴǿҶıЩԣɵЩɻ
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ȻˣҶʯҲ㹻ʮҶ쿼ǵԺ
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ҶܿԼƣһƽһһҲûиոͻƵƱĿƣǳ¡
ʣƷʯˣġ˿СʣƷʯҶֱûɵ飬ʼչأŹȥ
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ȻͻƵҶ־ϲɷɾȻ弶
ҲǺɷɿЩ似֮УﵽͻƵҪ


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ڴʱһߴͬ׹ա
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ˣңµģҶûнֱͣɷá
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¡
УȭͷײҫΰֻоһǿԼȭͷ֮дֱһ飬ͷһž嶼̲ס˺ʮɡ
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Ц֮
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Сӣ츳Ȼǿ󣬵ʵĲ̫ˡԪȲң֮ƿһɣѾĳɣĹûһвҫΰ
ҶһȻ֪Լƺһ˼άԼ˾תս㣬ʵӦʾżˡ
Ҷû֮ԪȵȣһЩľԣԽ츳Ҳ½
ֻܿתҫΰһսתܺ츳ӣʹþתҵıʵҲ߼ѡҶгһ˿
лˣ
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̫׽֮Щʹˡ
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һսľҶûиǣǸҶʵˡ
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ҶʵѾﵽʾˡ
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ʮ˹־ϲ̾ѡ
ʱҶѾ䵽춷ɽ£ǿֲĵԽǿˣ޷ַУֻͽϱߡ
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Զǿ۾ؿҶһۣûᣬ
춷ǵһʶĳأټϷ޵λԶʥĴ档˹أκ춷巢սΪС
룬طûһ߸Υ춷Ĺء
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ҲΪˣĵ߷ǳ࣬ɵˣʮ˵У߰ġ

ԶУһȺ̤նΪ׵һ꣬ΪһԱߵߣȴһλһǿߣǸʮλ߰˵ǿߡ
ǰ춷ˣ˵ˣǰݴ½֮ǰҪ춷ĥ굶⡣뷢԰ףһɷǣֻ󱳸һصԵˡ
壬׵˼ףʵ˵ҲҪ춷ĥһҪ֪λԶʥǿߣָǵʦүġһͬһһصü֮䣬˰Ȼ֮â¶
һһ֪ͷͬСɣЩ춷ĥǿߣȻʶһˣһɫ䣬ʼԶƬ


481 쵶
µʱ䣬գۼ
ȻǵߵʥأѾоͻƵıԵͲôһˡ
춷һʯ棬ϥһ꣬зԶǱʮ˹ߵеһ
ʵԶڱʮ˹ҲСҲʸӡһˡ
ӵ֮УԶΪӣҶõЩʯѾ׵˰벽硣
񣬷Զ춷ĥµʱ䣬ѾʹıԵͲһ
ܿˡ
һº󣬷ԶȻ˫ۣ˲䣬˫Ŀ֮УĿĹ⻪ʵʻĿ⣬̾;˲Զڴʮ˹ߡ
㡭
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ʮ˹𾪣ǿԶĿ⣬˾ϲ֮⣬Ľ
û뵽ҷԶҲнһ죬ԶķԶڹ˾磬ſ죬Ц˷ܡ
Ǹ߷ǳĽǺԶʱ飬Ϊڶǰıʮ˹꿡ܣǵ츳ڱʮ˹һиǶġ
Ȼڱʮ˹˵ǷԶӣҲδл硣
񣬲ӣ츳ǿ˶ٵķԶҲ磬վ˱ʮ˹۷塣
֣ϲˡĽ˼æǰء
ͬǰԶûˣܿԼƣЦǺǵ˵֣֡ҲĽңǵ츳ڴĥ£½벽ҲԶˣԺԿԳΪ
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ֻ󷽵Уʮλ̤նʼϵǿߣһʼѹΧĿˡ
Զ˲оӷ˫˫޷һεƽ
̫ˣ
Զľ־壬ʮλǿ߰
Ǹ׷ߣɲ⣬ֻؿһۣǻ䣬Ϣ
һŽһ֪ǱɢޣΪҲ춷ʥأҪøЩֹʲôè춷ˡ겻мؿ˷Զһۣ֮ɫ
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߰ɣЩ˷ʱ䲻ֵá׷߿ˣʼֻԶһۣȻΪԶҲֵֻһ۶ѡ
Ե˵ͷ漴ԶˣߵɣùԶ㣬춷ʥأǽҲû뿪
һߣǿһƬˡ
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ʲôҪǵȾʥأҪߣһȺɢޣȻ̤춷壬ԺǣǺ겻мƳ˷Զһۣһˣֱӳ춷ȥ
Զҧҧһ˵ıӰվû˵һ仰Ҳûк֮еҶ졣
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ܼŭģԶһԼǱʮ˹ԲܸҶС
£ԶͬסƣԶ춷塣ûɵ뿪춷壬ϾɵĹأ˭Ҳɱǡ
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ٺ٣壬˵ܲܵϷ嶥˵嶥ʦү֣һʦүʥʯȥЦ
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ǵȻһɣ쵶ŵ츳ǿڽ̫ף쵶ѹصź˵š԰Ȼ
˵̫ѾѧԺˣٺ٣ǿҲ뿪̫츳ǿҲֻܽѧԺúҪѧԺģԺǿѧԺһǿ̫ӵġλ˷ܵ˵
ˣǻǲҪ壬ǿҲ߳쵶ûһвûҪǡص˵
ϷģȻ˲֪Ŀ£ѵ쵶ŵ߻𣿡æ˵
ƺ뵽ʲôͫһ˿ǲܹĵطԶҲҪȥܡ
ǿ߶ʱ죬ΪɵǿߣȻĿ£һݴ½ʥض̤ĵط
쵶ŵĲ伮֮УһλˣסڱնɱʮλʥǿߣѪȾ죬Ⱦһνɵʷɵǿ߶֪һ⣬ѡǡ
ֻҪӵܳɵ߶ѡԶ룬Ըǽ
һжΪǸףǸ궼޵дڡ


482 
ףΪʲôʥ޵еĵ⣬ھǧ֮󣬻Ȼˡ
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ǵ־ͬӵܣֻҪƬػڣǵ־㲻಻
ķ޵ǰһʵǸɵע˲־ʹ񻹴ڡҶ֮ɫ
֪ʥǿߣҲܴﵽ޵ҲΨǴ˵еķʥǿӡ
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ǿߣվݴ½۷壬Ĥݡ
Ҷһ죬ԼҲܹһǧꡣ
ĳ棬Ҷоͳ˼˷ܣĶӳˡ
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Ҷ쿪ʼͷ˼ֲĵԼǰΪοȫԽĵһһ
ʵϣ⼸ڣҶĵķǳ죬ɱ¾⣬̫⣬Ѿﵽʮɾ磬Ϊ
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ԣҶĵ࣬ʵȴû٣ֻ˵Ǳ֮ǰĻǿһЩҲ
ȻҶ˵˷Ǵջ񡣱Ͼߵǵһ;֮޷ͬľ磬ôΪҲ
Ҫ֪֮󣬲ʯΪЩƿҪȥƣҶֻܼԼڵĳɾ͡
̫׾֪ˣһͳʮͳʣľ츳ȴҲҪѰʱܽۡ
ɴ˿ɼʽ֮ĵ·һһݣһױһѡ
Щţƿͨǿ౶ʱ͸ˡ
Ҷ컹һٸС磬ҪʯҲǷǳֲģЩѼһҶôţҪܽۡ
ȻһЩҲʱ䣬ڵ춷壬ʵһСĻ
£ҶڴȡԼɱ¾̫ⶼԲ磬ʱֻҪʯˣ׾ٵؽʡ
Щ۵ˣΪһУκ˷ĿһС
ڣҶˡ
СӣطˣϽҹԶ㣬ҵ֮Сһ̤Ķͷ΢ЩˮȻֵĵЩѡˣҲڸĿеư֮ɫ
˵ܹ˰Ե꣬λ쵶ŵ˭
Ҷ죬֮ᷳ󣬲ò۾ü󲽶쵶
˭ƾʲô뿪ҶĿһɨһ۾ͿֻһΪ츳ٸߣҲ޾塣
ҶЩɵǣɽµһ׷ߡһλһǿߣϢҲоɲ⡣
Щ˶ȻǺǰŰԵһģҶ첢ûϷϾҪ˽
ϧǣҶ첻鷳鷳ȴԶ
ϣģʮ˵أؼʲôʵҲܲɡͱһҲ۸㣬ǹƽԾ˹춷壬Σ쵶ȤشһҶ죬һٺЦ
㻹ûлشҵĻҶü˵Ǽɵɽλǿߣһķɴˡ
쵶üͷһȻȻ֪͸㣬ºսǾûжȤˡ
ķϻʵ̫ˣҶߵЩܲһԽУǳһ㣬иǿļѣõôһϴ϶ӡ
õһʣȻôɣҶýֺͷ£Ҳ֪Ǵɵ֮ӣСĿһйˣûһǿߵǡ
ˣΪٸߣ˼ңѡ
෴ЩɢʶǼģһı㣬˽δжǿȴһ֪ԶΣգܳ
Сӣ㻹ǵһĿ˵
ҶĻ쵶ŭˣ־Ҷ죬԰ˣҡϷɣ쵶
쵶ţҶԣɫһ䣬ǰһΪʲôôˡطһ쵶ŵȷŰԵıǮ
ٺ٣ϷȻҶı仯ȻһЦ֮ưҲ̫ţм۸һɡҸһᣬֻҪܹҺһҾ
𣿡ҶɫһЦ
֪ΪʲôڿҶЦ֮ʱϷɰ˸
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ɣһ쵶ŵǿԣɵؿϣЩŵ˵ѵΪܸһʮСӣ
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Сӵ츳·ͬСɣ֪ĸɵģʶ𣿡϶Ҷ쿴һüʵ
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šɣϱ˫֣ûеͷҲûҡͷʵֻǺҶݣûΪҶܶϷɡ
Ҫ֪ϷɿԽ弶ս츳ҶܹʮܶϷɣô츳ݴ½Ƕһеˡ
˽̸֮ʱɽҶ졢ϷɶˣѾԴˡ
쵶ţ˵˵Ϊ͵ǣ˵һ֪쵶ŵĵΣʹɣĻᶼûСҶ쵭ؿ˶ϷһۣȻЩڵȷʵ
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Ϸ޿̣һȭҶ죬ͬʱȫâʢͬҵ̫һõĹ⻪
ǵĲľתս壡
̻ɵĲľתս壬οϷ쵶ŵأûдﵽɫ𣬿Ϳɵľתսˡ


483 
Ϸ쵶ȻЩư츳ȴҲСһġ
תսĲ㣬ֻǶϷһСѣֻһȭ̽Ҷʵ
ܹסһȭʸҶߣϷһЦ磬ұ貵Ľ⡣һȭʹҶǺ£ޱߵİƼΪˡ
ŶҲ㳢һȭҶ쵭ӦؾȭͷӭϷɡ壬ͬâ貣â䣬һɫսء
תս壡
ǵĲ㣡
Ȼе㱾£
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ɡϽŹâ貵Ӱüͷ塣
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УҶͶϷɵȭͷһ˵ĿҲޱȵⱬ
һ˲ĽӴ˶õ۷壬˲Ϣ֮˶о˱˴˴ݶĿֲ
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Ҷȴԭأ±ϽɫĹâ貶ҫ۶Ŀͬһ飬âޱߡ
⡭ɽʮ쵶ŵֱĿɿڴһŴ֪ͣ˵Щʲô
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ϧûһǿߣȻҲͺѳһɫţΨһһ̫ףҲǴӱʮ˹ġ
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ǸɳȥĶϷɣҲ֮ɫҶ죬ôܣ̫֮⣬ȻӵɫꣿҶϷɣҲֻɫѣȻ˵ǿңֱԭ°
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˵תս;תǷǳ¡ǿߵĵ
ǿҲֻܱ֤СӲܶѣȷǿǵʩչ쵶˭ʤ˭һءЦ
ˣһ쵶ŵʲŷµģȻŰɽĴս
䣡
ҶͶϷɼȭȭײһ
طʱ飬ֲշڡƥನͬһ㣬˷ϯȥǧ
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⣬עǾܾˡ
ɣҶؿϷɣ˵ĮȻöϷоŭӣ֪Է
Ȼôͳȫ㣡Ϸŭߵڿʵ֪Ļսذɡ
˵ˣСĵղȥҶЦ׵âһһ׵֮У˸ҵĵâ
ŪϷɿҶ۳׵֮УɵƲƲ죬м
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ֻϷ˫ⱬ䣬ͺһȫ±ֲĵ
һ˲䣬һҵĵâƿնҶնɱȥÿһâƥɢ˸֮
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Ҷޱ𾪣ǱЩâˣϱϷͷΧƵʮˡ
ǻʲôײͨʶҪѺܴ۲ܵõһϷȴһʹʮ
쵶ŹȻƴƴ󣡡Ҷ첻ɵø̾
Сӣľתܲܽӵסҵ쵶ߺߣϷɿҶɫ仯ΪҶ챻Լʵסˣ˷ܵĴЦ
öϷ֪Ҷڸ̾ıƷʣ»ᱻѪʱ򣬾Ȼ̸֪ı
Ȼʵ̫ٶĻҲûãϷɵĻҶǳһĨĳ
ҲûҶ춯ʲôֶΣֱԭһӰ׵磬˲̶е׵֮УһƬҵ磬ƬնС
´׵նһԵҶЦ֮ڳҵ׵֮УȻشϷɶС
ʱϷɫһ䣬ŭصҶ졣
ûȶϷ˵ʲôݻǿֲ׵絶㽫ûȥ
쵶ŵһʾѡ
ţɽµĻɫ΢䣬סֹ׼ȥԮһʡ


484 ˮС
âã׺ڣֲϯռ䣬ղһµ
ûһµߣܹҵ쵶֮³סʮϢʱ䡣ϷЦţš
ʮѤĹâһµĵâᴩ˲񷣬գſֲɱҶ졣
ϷɲһľţľתսȻҶǰһν쵶ȷʵǿĹﵽ弶۷塣
ҶԴ˷ǳмöԷĹ󲿷ֶʮ
쵶ȷЩŵû㹻õ似Ҳûж
Ҷ۾ޱߵĵ֮УѰһ˿Ǿȵط֣似ܹΪ쵶ŵ似ȷû˿
ֻ֮ˣҶ찵գʩչԴ׵նһƬ׺ǵصϯû񷡣
׵ն˵˾ǰҶ֮ǰѪնڴи׵֮һ
Ȼô׽ϵģҶĿǰҲֻܽںһ㣬ˣҲǲ
ҲҶ춷˼µĴջ񣬿Զŵʥĵοܴ׵ն
Դ似һ׵նô似ҪĵǷǳġ
ҶѪն׵֮ο춷嵶⣬ǿɹ
еļѣֻҶԼס
Ҷȴ⣬ΪЩĳɹȴǷǳԻ͵ġ
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е㱾£ϷЩ죬ȴû˿ңٿʮһɱҶ졣
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Ҷ츳ȷԶ󣬱̫֮ҲΪĲҶ컹ܻۣݴ½Ҳš
ʵ뷨ܶԣϾʮһ̫ˣЩӵʵ޵ţҲʮԿһ
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485 ħ
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һľ磬Ҷδֻ̤оͬһֲٿһеĸо
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ֵҶ𾪵ͬʱҲЩȻ·һжôȻ
Сӣ˵ʲô洫ھҶ䣬ҶеĻ
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СӣҪΪ츳ǿ󣬾ͿһУϷףһĲ࣡˵ӸµسҶ죬ͬһ㣬ҪѹһС
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ҶУת״̬±ǿ󣬾δһǿߵĶ֣Ψһѡ
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ܣϷɾĴ𣬲˹ȥ޷ǰһУǿĻϣۼǿߣȻһˡ
찡Ҳΰɣһ쵶ŵ۾ʼ޷ǰһС
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ģҶЩ㵵ؿŲԶѪĻϣһƬڡ
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ſңϷɴУ˵ʵơ
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ҪϷ򱨳𣡡ؿһ۶Ϸȥķ̾˿ȻѡԱ
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ԸҲϣ쵶Ϊ𣬷ɱҶ죬ԺĽ쵶š
䣡
һۼǿԱԾ춯أ춷嶼ڲֲһûҶ졣
ʱϷɵѾʧƲ
û뵽쵶ŵôһӰƲ񷣬գԶԶա
Ҷ졣
ۼԱṳ̂ħҶܵ˺
һս֮ҶҲܸܵԼˣľ磬Ҳʼ
ʱ䵽ˣҶ쵱ϥڵϣܵ򵽸¡
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ħȫ޵еĵ⣬ĵطʱȴǳ·һǿ򱶡
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ĺȭҲﵽ˴Բ硣
ķ棬Ҳǿ࣬ȫˡ


486 
Զվһ齸ʯϣԶԶ춷ϥҶ죬˷ܡ
찡һȺʣǸ߸ɲ⣬ȻҶˣԶ޷Լе𺳡
һ̣ҶĿе󣬼ֱͬ飬ؿԺҲ޷ĥ
ԶҪҶ󣬱㲻ȥˣڽʯȴ
ֱһ֮ҶŴ֮
춷Уջޱ߰Ҷ۾̾˫˸϶˸ĹʸС
Ϊ
Ҷ𣡡ԶҶæ󺰵˫ֻ衣
ţأҶͷԶķȴûзߵӰɵһ˿ɻ
ԺлһҪ춷嶥ȥҶЩؿһ۷嶥תɽ£ȻԶ
úҶһķԶ
ϲҶΪԶЦŹص
Ҳǰż£ͽ硣ҶЦŰ˰֣漴ɻأ
žˣԶԺݺݵһԼԴȻҶɻĿУλ˵ıʮ˹꿡ܷ˳
ҶҺǱȴǰܵһȺˣ˵һֱδѡԶؿҶ죬Ϸһ˵ľ˵һ顣
ãû˵ԴҶһţһ߼˵ƣ˿ʵƿѲֻû뵽쵶ŵôԵǳ׽ˡ
Ҷ뵽ϷȥʱԹ޵Ŀ⣬Ժ쵶ŵ˻ԴԴԼ鷳֪ԼǱ»ֱɳۼǿ׷ɱԼ
þǰ˵ţҶ΢΢Ƭ̣֪Բܾ쵶ŵ˿϶ϸ
£Ҷһ߰ˣһߴǳ˵ŵķȥ
Ҷϣ뿪춷һɫӸϵ
ʮͱƵûֵԱʲôʱ̫׶ȲѵԺĳӣû˵ĸԺӰüЩǡ
֪Ϸɺʮʲƭĺʵ
ʮɱһԽʮһ
ݴ½۷ţҲֻԽʮǳʮǾֻһֿܣ۾ڵ𾪵Ĺâ
ħ򡭡

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Ⱥ֮һмǧССĵɣÿСϣ˵ŵˣ˵ŵĵ̣߾ۼҪط֮һ
ʱҶһˣ̤Ⱥĳһ죬֪ʲô֣Ǻܿˡ
Сӣó֤ģϸǼݡһ˵ŷε˹ȻƳҶһۣư˵
ֹ쵶ŵ˰Ե˵ҲһǸصҲòȥ
Ҷ찵뵽˵ûʲôޣһ˵ŵԷӦòΪ
ģҶ˵գȥǼݡ
ⶫܼ򵥣ֻҪ˵Ȼ˵ŵĵӼòٷһŸ˵ӡǵ־ݣ֤ˡ
Ⱥÿһ涼˵ŵˣֻҪҪ֤ûⶫ粽С
ⶫʲô飬˵ʱԵ鵽ңǺֶΡҶЦ֤ҲСЩɵֶΣ˼ô꣬ѾӪ̵һ顣
Ҷ²ûдǱһӰ˵ġ
ⲻ˵Ҷ첻ҶһȺİˣ˵ȻҪ˼ӣֻȷҶ˵޺֮󣬲Żӡ
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ȻкܶʣԶ˵Ҳµߣڡȵȵͼߣͬʮ˹һ
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ϧǣϾǴ󺣣ȺٴҲȲݴ½ôԴޣ۸ǸߵĿ£ֻһЩɢǿ߲ӡ
һʣ¼Ʒʯǿӣסֻǲ֪ʲôĹ涨
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Ȼ˵Ųôɵǿ϶Ĺ涨·ǳӡ
ȼ˶֪˵ŵܲҶҡҡͷȥѯʣô˵Ҳ˵С˵Ų˵ҲҪʾһɡ
ȺǳӴҶֻ˴
˵ŵĴӪҶ׾ʹ˵ŵܲڣмʮ졣
Ⱥǲеģ˵ŵĵӣһ洫ӲʸС
ߣֻܳ˵ŵӼԦķдܽе֮С
ȻҪշѵģһˡ
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ټȺķݣЩֱһ֡
Ҷĸп֮УǸ˵ŵ뿪ˡ
ڵϹ˼죬ȥܲˣѡǷУӦòɢޣɢûô󷽣ЩɣҪӴӡλҶ˵ŵӣͷ
ܿ죬Ϣͱܲһ֪ͨҶڵķд˵ŵӡ
ûãҶƵط֣Լֱ˼ˡƾڵʵЩ˵ŵӼʼҲӲĸӦ
Щ޿ײ˵ŵӣҶҲˣֻǼˣֲ˵Ų顣
ͬʱ˵ŵܲ죬ҲյϢһǿߣ׼Ҷ졣
⵹˵Ҷ죬һôԴÿһμɵİˣӣֱȷ˵ûΣ֮󣬲Żӡ
Ͼ˵ŵĴӪȻҪؼӱ˵ͱ쵶ź͵صŵ˴ˡ
Ҷӣ뵺ˣ
Ҷڵִ˵ŵܲʻд˵ŵӣǳضҶ˵
ڳдɢޣ˵ŵӻǷǳģϾҲ֪һɢǲѡڳддģǼ򵥵


487 ޴
뵺˵֣ܲΪˣҲȺ֡
뵺ǳȵһٸͨĵ죬ĵ춼뵺ĸ죬ԲűͳΪȺ
뵺˵ŵĴӪܿ˵ŵĵӣٷ֮ʮϵߣ˵ŵĵӣʣµҲкܶ඼˵йϵ
뵺˵ֵļط֮һߣǿ洦ɼżۼĸ֣ƽ

뵺ĳ
Ҷ˷д
ǻҪ𣿡Ҷ˷дͷЦ
Ȼû뵽ҶͻȻͷû뵽Ҷ˵ĻһӾԭأ֪ôش
ֱΣһ˲ŷӦڨڨ˵Ҷӣ˵Цˣô㣿Ҳ뵺ɢޡ
û˵꣬㱻Ҷϡ
ô֪ҶˮƽҲܼӱˣ㻹ǻȥ˰ɣҶЦ
ʱҭ˵ղҲ̫ˣԲûüӦ»
һʱΧҶ챧ȭ˵ҶӣҪ㣬˵йأǵһȺİˣҪһ¡ⲢһˣֻҪȷ˵ûΣǱ뿪㣬Ǹ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵̬ȻǲģҲûҪ°ڰֵҪӾͼӰɣνãЩ飬ȥ֪ͨ˵뵺ˣʱҲʡǼҡ
ʶԶʱ𾪵ؿҶ졣
ţЩ飬ֻҪҵ֣ӦûҵġҶ˵ͷóӦòһˡ
˶һۣЩɡ
ôңҶ쿴˵ɫʵ
ǣһæҡͷЦҶӣֻ˵ŵͨӣûʸ
еҶһ㶣漴Цŵ˵ͷˣܹģµλҲǺܸߡ
βҼҶ첻ɵʵ
˵ŵλ϶ܸߣ²һ˿Լõġ
ˣҶпЦֻҶƣȴ˶Ʋôüġ
Ҷ˵ŵƬ̣һ˵Ҷӣ֪飬Ҫһ²ܻ
ңͷҲûʸֻܽϢһشȥôӦҲһ˵
ǺãǰҰŰɣ䡣Ҷ˵ͷ漴˸ȥ
˵ŵͨӣһҶ죬Ҷ򵼣һȥ֪ͨͷȥˡ
ȻǷǳҶǷʶǵƣв޵̬ȣǻǾͷһҶʶǵôǾ͵ùˡ
Ҷӣ뵺ֵĵطһ˵žٰУÿһ׼ʱУʱȺƼǿ߶ġ
λ˵ŵĵӽ裬ֻһͨӣΪ
Ⱥıĸĸ˵ŵŵӣ߰˼ǿߡ
ҶʶݣҲЩƣֻøҶ򵼣˳Ҷˡ
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Ҷ쾪ǣһֲĴȴû֪ıڡ
ֻ֪޴ڡıʥǿ֧֣ĳһЩʥأԺ֮⣬û˸ǡ
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ϾҶڵΪƿʾ磬ˡ
ʶҶ˵û˿ƿԣֻȱ˼ʮƷʯѡ
ֻҪʯˣҶһھܽʾ硣
գǵĺҵն˵
ãھʹȥ޴ڡҶ˵ͷ·
˵ǰУſ·תĽֵһӴĽȺǰ
һ޴󹬵ɵĽȺһͷ浽ߵӰޱȵֺ
ʼô𣿡Ҷ챻ˣʲôɽ˺ֵһᡣ
뵺˶ɡ
޴ڡݴ½óģûеģȱٵģÿ춼ﹺ˵
ȻҲὫһЩҪı޴ڡٰЩġزݴ½طȥӶ׬ȡеĲۡ
ֱݴ½һӴĻأҲľۼءҶ̾ס޴ڡľ޴ˡ
ʱһ޴ڡĹԱ˹ѯҶǷҪ˽ӴΪЩġ
ȻҪȡһķѡ
ЦҶʯȻ٣Ҳװױ˱ˣ;ܾˣڣðײá
裬˵ҶģȴɸҶĵΣڸǳĵԱ
ʱһ飬ѾҶϢݸ˵ŵĸ߲ˡ
غ˵ŵ˵ŵ鱨Աǲҵģ˼ӼļֱӴݵ˵ŵĸ߲㣬һλϵ
Ҷ죿ϴΰֻ˵СǱһҶˣĪǾǴˣλһ֮ɫ
ʱ䣬Сƻһ¾Ҫгˣʱ˵
λϳƬ̣úдɵ
ӵ֮ҲûκβȫȫظҶ񣬴ڡ޴ڡһ


488 Ī
޴ڡ
ָ£Ҷ컨˼ĹڽЩҪı϶һƷʯʮʯ·
ҶǳʮƷʯȻʾ硣
ңҶ컹ҪһҪĶǾǾתսĹ
裬֪תսɣܹȫľתս𣿡ҶʵľתսѾ˵㣬ĹѾûˡ
ĿǰǳҪ飬ڽʾ硣
תս壿ҶҲŵһ幦һľתս壬ҪĻ͸ˣⶫ󡣡ЦûоȣȻתսɹ󲿷߻ǽһ㣬ǿ
һЩǮˣǽĲ㣬ʹǿ
ҪȫҲҪ߲ľתս壡Ҷҡҡͷ
⡭Щ֣ɲ֪ҶѾתս˵㣬Ҳûж룬ֻüȫľתսֻݴ½ŻУɣҴҶȥʡ޴ڡĸˡ
ãҶ˵ͷ
˵˺ĹӴǵǡ޴ڡһλϢɲӣҶ쿴ĵһ۾ˡ
ԱߵҲĿɿڴֻȶڴ˵Щˣ󡭡ˡôܡͷԡ
²壬ȫԺˣһ֮С
Ҷ첢û裬ʵҲţΪվǰһλǿۡ
Ҷܹ϶λ۾ԲһۣҲ߰˼ϵΪ۷һǿˡ
Ҷû뵽ľǿӴԼ𾪿֪
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һԵȫͶӳݵؿҶ죬ҴҶӣԭô߹λǡ޴ڡ˵ŷֵĻ᳤˵һλ벽𼶱ĳǿߣ˵ŵһλһġ
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ļǿߣҲֻǼʡѡ
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٣λ᳤ҲмڽӴû뵽ԽӴ۲ʶ̩ɽȻҼаԼ׳գҲԼͷһ飬Ҷ϶ݴ½ĳǿλľͷôҶô
Ҷû裬Լɻɲʶǰǲ֪޴ڡĴڡ
ȥɣҶӵ̸̸Ƴһۣ˵ǻ֮У˲ɵζ
Ҳԣһλ벽𼶱ǿߣ˵ˣҲõͷϾ޴ڡԶ˵š
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Ҷӣһɻɣҽһ£ҽͩǡ޴ڡ˵ŵķ᳤ֻͩЦҶ¡
˵ʵҶЩңϾǰһλ벽һֻ־Ŀֲڡ
Ҷ־ˣȻ侲򶨵ͩĻ
ͩһֱڰҶ죬Ҷӣв̾ĵλڵ״ӣȻ
Ҷӣ¸㣬ңеصš쵶ֻĻ᳤ѾܶˡͩĻҶӾˡ
صź쵶ŵġ޴ڡ᳤ֻҲǰ벽𼶱ǿߣͷȴԼܶˣ
ҶʱˣʲôôʸԼôһ㶼֪
ɻҶ죬ͩЦҶӣ֪ţ㲻õġǶûһ˿⣬Ҳֻȷ񡣡
ǰ˵˼ҲǺ⡭Ҷüؿͩλ벽ǿ˵ЩĪôֻ꣬Ϊȷʲô飿
⡭ĳҲ֪ôֻͣҪ̤𾳽磬ôһȻȻ֪ˡͩЦҡҡͷЩ飬ڲҶ˵
ҶȻܲش𣬵ԷϾǰ벽𼶱Ŀֲڣֻ̾ǰʲôԸ˵ɣȫԸ
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һ᳤ֻԽӴһʮСӣ¼˵ŵλϲò˼
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ҶĪɫӴ֮гһİǿߡ
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ǡǺðɣλʶʱڨڨ£ú˷ܵˡ
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ղڴ֮УҶѾͩõһ߲ľתս壬Ҫȫľתս壬ֻݴ½ŻС
ңͩôҶǸʮƷʯı𣬲
¿ɰҶ۵ĵѪֱһصǰûжʯˡ
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ʮȴôǿϢ̫׶Ҫǿ࣬Ȼ̫ϳѡеĴˣݴ½ԽԽˡ
ڣͩҶȥıӰ¶صЦݡ
һӡʡ
ͬʱԶ֮ݴ½ĳأһλǿĴڴӺڰ֮˫ѪɫĿ⣬˺գңңķ
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Ϊʦʧ

뵺ĽǶܴһҲȡ޴ڡС٣ͬһԲεȻڲ֮¡
һ̫žޣư硣


489 ս
Ƕɽ˺ھ޴Բγϣڷһߴ̨ÿһ̨󷨴ʦԵ̵󷨣㹻֧һǿߺһʱ
ڡ޴ڡȻ΢һЩȴӵ֣һкͺ˼˷ܡ
ҶûЩߣͬһڴУ
һ̨ϣڽžɵĶԾĶԾҲʼĶԾڡ顢ʦͽֻҪµļ𣬶жԾ
ÿһ̨ܣΧΧ۵ȺеǹսģеӮģеΪ˹۲֣е֤
ÿߣҪһƷʯÿ춼мʮۿǼʮƷʯ
ɴ˿ɼǶֱֲ̫ˡ
ҶֱˮһԵʵĹʲôģôӮʯ
ԹսȤΪӮȡ㹻ʯýʾ硣
ԽǶǳϤȺÿ죬нǶĴڣԼ棬һЦغܼ򵥣㿴Ǹѡ֣ͿǰעıʶģÿӮٸߡ
Ҷü¶ˣҲӮ˶٣²׬һƷʯ
˵ҶҲÿܲµ׼ҽǶĺڰһҲܹµһЩЩΪǮѡ䡣
Ȼľ治ҶҪģʵ֮⣬û淨˵ʸһЩġ
һ˵ߵȱţЩſԽɱУԽǶרһսǾ
սҶ۾һǶ٣
һ㶣ǱҶˣλҶݷǷôһԵӣɻѡ
軹˵սûбʣ߿עʮƷʯѡӮһעʮƷʯͱ˶ʮӮͱʮԴƣÿӮһԣעĽᷭӣӮԽ࣬׬Խֲ
ҶԶʱ˷ܡ
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Ҷӣսר̨ҶһΪ̨
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Ҷӣ׼˭עҿλͺܲҵõĿɿϢԽɱһλǿߡҶȥעӽǶĹԱУѡһݸҶ쿴
Ҷûнӹֻذ˰֣Լˡ
ŶʲôȻһŵؿҶ졣
ô𣿡Ҷɻ
Ҷ׼μӽǶսɴ۾Ҷ졣
Ҫ֪Ƕսǩ״ģһϳôۣ˭Ҳֲ˭
һЩɢƴģɵĵӣٻģϾΣգ˭ƴ
ȻҲЩŵս١
ǰҺ棬Ұһ£ƷʯϡҶЦȡԼʣµƷʯ
ǡΣաʱˣҪҶʲô⣬Ҫᡣ
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û⣬ս֮׬ȡʯ㹻ҽʾˡ
Ҷ찵뵽
轹ʱҶѾװʤʯ
ǡ
ûʲôǣ·ȻԼˣ
áðɣ
գεشҶȥμӽǶսǼһ֤һΪ
ȵ֪ҶΪʮ͸żˣæȰҶӣչأһԵĶ־һȻֻһ𣬵֮Ĳ࣬ˡ
Ͼʺǲͬ󾳽磬ǳ
ûϵѾ׼ˣϿȥעӮˣҶ͡Ҷڰֵϻ
ϰȫͺãһҪʲôͰз̰ȴҲ޿κΣֻҶ콻Ʒʯȥעˡ
ܿ죬ҶֵϢ㱻ǶĹԱ䲼˳˲ٹڵĺ䶯
ʮҲμս˰ɣ
ʮ˵Ķһһ͹ˡ
ǰ׳Уһͼһˡ
ҵϲΪС׬һʣҾĶӮٺ٣
ϻֶԾ׳Ҳ֪˭ӮҲˡ

ߴߴţһҶϵעˢˢϱǡ
෴Ҷֻһ㣬󲻶໹Ǳ漣ֵµģһǺܶࡣ
ⳤϣⳡԣǲǸöֽţǶĳһǶĹԱҶǳԵ˫עݸһ߹ۿ
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λ𾴵ǣϳһλˣҶ졣һİûϵ֮Ҳ뵺ΪҪʮΪսһǿߣⳡԾ˭ЦأĿԴɡǶŵĲվһ޴̨ϣΧĹڴ
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СӣȻҹ㣬ڴ֮ǰһ֪ʺ֮Ĳ࣬ٺ٣ѫضҶ죬·һͷڶһֻ
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ԿʼǶŵĲͻȻ
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492 ں
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493 
ҪһСǳ򵥣ڼ߶õ
ҪٵһС磬Ҳǳļ򵥣ÿһ߶õ
ҪС磬С֮УôͷǳˣţҲԳɹ
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ԭϥĵطѾĺˮʪʪյģ·ˮݹƵġ
ȻѣǳɹȴǷǳԻֻͣʣµľʮŸС磬ԭȵĸҫ۶ĿһҵԣҶ֮УľѸٻָš
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֪ԼҪɾʥֻһ··ĳɹ󣬵Ҳߡ
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Ҷָ֮󣬺ݺݵҧҧʼںϵڶС硣
·ȻѡģôҲҪȥΪߵʲôѶס

Ҷ뵺ˣ
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˵ģҶ죿ͬͬգϴ˰ɣ˷ܵضǰһ˵ŵӣгڴ
ԴӵҶ뿪֮󣬶ƻΪټҶˣû뵽ôټˣзǳˡ
Ҷ죬Щ棬ЩݣЩмҪǣݣСͺ̸ѣֻиҶһҵѵĸо
ǾҶӣǶչˣһģһ˵ŵĵӹ˵
Ժ㣬ҶҸ˵Ǹѡ֮󣬶Ź·˵һȻ뿪˴˵ء

쵶š
İĴ֮УϷһλǿĴڣȡһ쵶ŵӵ
뵺̽ӴϢһҶ꣬޴ڡĻ᳤ԽӴڽǶʮΪʤ峡ս
ʮ
ԭƲֵĶϷɣȻ۾ͺףɱ˻ϡ֮⣬еڶôʮ
ɶˣһĵͺȣöϷ侲
λǿĴڣ쵶ŵӻ˻֣뿪֮ſϷɡ
ɶкܶţǿĲֹһˣĶ֣ʼֻһǾԼ
쵶ĻöϷ˼𽥳һ˿
ܸ˲£µǰܸԼܸˣлᱨ𣬵ܸԼôͻһ쵶˵
Ϸһ⣬ףˣҾͻǰݴ½ѧԺ
ܺã쵶ص˵ͷοؿŶϷɣЦ츳ܺãɾĻܴ󡣼סҪΪһʱĵʧйֻЦ󣬲ǿߡ
ΪҲţţܹмˣôҲͳһ̫ס
Խţߵ·ԽѣĻԽࡣţ߲ͣĻ󡣡
ݴ½ϵǿߣ츳һ㣬Щ㡣
쵶ĵؽ̵ԼĺӣΨһصĺӣΪ쵶ŵĽ
ףôأϷɵ˵ͷ׽⿪ĽᣬЩŲ±ҶܵӰ
ܹ޴ڡĻ᳤ԽӴݱȻǱѰʱҪȰ̽ϢԺ˵쵶
ðɣϷ̾˿޴ڡĻ᳤ԽӴҶ֪֮Լ޷Ҷ챨ˡ
쵶ǿҲֻưԣݴ½ʮ쵶Ҳֻܵͷ
λƫԶټϱǸ˵壬Ѿݴ½ĳռˡ
ϷܹΪ쵶ŵֵܹصģֻʱ޷С
ҽٱ˳𣡡Ϸɰ뵽һ̣гĶҶľ޴ѹ

뵺Ҷ
˵һγɹںϾ֮ҶںϵڶСʱѾ֮ǰôˡ
ȻȻЩգڳҶС磬Դ˼ٵ˾ʮ˸
а˸С磬ҶҪںϣעһս
ȻںһСֻҪһʱ䣬ֳʱ񾭵״̬ʹҶ·ꡣ
һʱ䣬Ҷȴо˼ʮôÿһں֮ȫˮʪ
һСںϣҶľԽԽںϵҲԽԽ˳
ںϵʮСʱҶȴʧԱŵɫһƬϡ
ô᣿һѶǿô࣬˾ң֮ǰںʮֹҶͷ˺ˮţг˻ҡ
ѾʮСˣǰ涼Ѿɹں˾ŸΪһҲǰһķһЩʱѡ
ˣӵʮСںϿʼܵǳң֮ǰľŸСҪ¡
ҶоԼЩƲסˣڼ֣ò֣һʧܣǾҪһˡ
СһҪסʧܣҪɹҪΪ񡭡Ҷŭҧ֡
ʮСǳֲЩǿϵسҶ񾭡
Ҷ첻˿⣬һСľͺпԱʧܣֺҪġ
֪ˣںС֮СǿںϵѶҲǿҲ˵ԺÿɹںһΣѶȶʮӡ
ȻҶңΪʲôˡ
ѹôŶ·ˣûһ˳ɹʵ̫ˡ
ҶʱЩŵһѣԺôߣѡԶͣһͱ˲ĥ
Σ̤ߵǾˣ
ȻҶҧ촽ݺݵصͺһ
һ˲䣬ҶųҵĹâʮС磬ͬʮŲõǳı
һʼҶǿϢѹҶ˶սڡ


494 ټ
ʾ𣿸оˬ
֮УҶ컺۾һǿϢ֮
֮Ҷо·һƬأ֮ǰȫһΡָоһ
ʱҶԽնɱǿߣ֮һʵ
ֻһţҪԽնɱʸܣԽһ󾳽磬һ˿õġ
Ҷ첻Կ䣬ʾԶ硣
ȣڽ֮Ҷ־šһΪǿ
ʱַԲǧԿԲǧڵһо̽־ǿܶࡣ
⣬ʾǿߣٿƿһɵ֮ȻҶʱˣҲԽնɱǿߵĵơ
ںС绹ѣҸоܹɹ˾תս㡣ǿŵֵסСʱҳҪںС磬һҪѾתսߵĲΡ
Ҷ˼
ںСǳִ٣СںСѶȣѪħʥڵľ飬ټҶ챾츳ǳԼתսǿ²ԱͻṦһ
飬ѪħʥԼڸˣһλʥǿߵľ飬ҲõģҲ㹻һЩΨһˡ
츳ҶѾɫ꣬оתҲվһе۷塣
ԣҶڿȷĿ꣬ǾǼתս塣ܹתս㣬Լ߲㣬ôںСѶȾͻήͺܶˡ
߲ľתս壬þתһνΪľתս壬ʱƾݺ𾳽硣
Ҷг
תս׵һ幦ȻԽ棬ɹ֮õԽǿ
һλɾתս߲ţͿ֮гۣ˵ʲô˵ֻ˾תս壬Խ߰˼۷š
Ҷ컹ޱ似ܹɵ߲ľתս壬ôԽ͸ˣ³ΪһҲΪ
ľתս壬Ҫʲô
뵽ҶЩȲؽӡ޴ڡ᳤õĵ㡢߲ľתս幦˳
ǰ涼һǰ飬Ҷ쿴÷ǳףѶȲ
ؼĻתսҪı֪תսֲֿǿȵĹҪ챦̫ˡ
Ҷ쿴úܿ죬ڣں棬˵תսҪıˡ
һ˲䣬Ҷ쵹һΪʲôɵľתսˣЩӵʵҲһ
Ҫľתս壬ҪıһλǿߵҶУҶû취á
ıﻹ˵һЩǿȵĶ౦Ȼ󣬵𼶱ǿߣһЩۣǿŪõġ
ؼıʥֻ̾
͵Ĳתսһľתս壬ҲҪѪѪӵŵľѪ
ľתսΪΣֻΣɵľתս塣
һΣҪֵͽŵľѪҶľתСΪǾתս壬ҶԼľת϶УҪȡתʾѪС
ڶΣҲҪͽŵľѪҪʮ֡
ΣҪһֶʾѪУͬľѩ֮Ϳԡ
һ㵹ǲѣʵڲУҶԻرʮ˹ľѩһ㣬ϾֻҪ㹻һξѪǿĻġ
ؼǰΣҪʮֵͽʾѪ
찡Ҷô꣬Ҳûмһӵʵţŷǳϡ٣ȥѰʮ
Ҷ쿴˿߲תսıʱ㱻Ѫ
߲ľתս壬ӵı̬ӵĿֲȻҪʥľѪУһҪʥǿߵ֮һѪ
ҪʲôҪʥǿߵľѪ谡һͷȥ󶼻޵С
Ҷ֪Ϊʲôݴ½ٳ߲ϵľתսˣЩʥءԺҲһʥǿԪˣΪģֻɵ߲ľתս塣
Ҷ켸ˣݴ½ϵʥ٣ԺΪʥҪնɱʥҲѣôɵ߲ľתս塣
ڳɾʥ֮ǰɣҶ붼û룬Ҫ֪һʥǿǺķ֮һľѪôܻܿʥ硣
ѪħʥҶʦҲΪҶô׵Ҳа
òʥ磬˭ɵԲУʥ磿
ҶҲ
̫ˣѹ׹ôռȴʼûһ۷壬Ҳ֪ŹǰǶôҶ̾
⻹ֻǵ͵߲㣬滹еڰ˲͵ھŲأƵڰ˲ܾܿҪѪˣⶫݴ½ûаǮ򵽵ġ
ھŲ¾͸ӿֲˡ
ҶǾ˽תսԲ˼ˣⲻŬҪЩҶҲ̸ӵУ
㻹ǿԵģȥ޴ڡʣǱ鲼ݴ½ӦЩѪ
Ҷ찵գ׼
ڴʱһϤӵ⴫
Ҷ磬˵뵺ˣһӵϢϸϻˣǶƵ
Ҷ߳ʱ˶ƣһﻹǴֵӣһķɣ춷ĶϷɲ̫Զˡ
ˣûĻ˲øС
Ҷʱ¶ЦݣЦ˵ҲǸյ뵺ã˳̽㣬ûôǰݴ½
Сܾ֪Ҷûң˵Ҳɣҵĳ׼֮ǰݴ½Ц
ŶǵʱһȥҶʱЩȡ
ԭҶҲҪȥݴ½ǻѧԺѾ˵ˣȥݴ½ͽѧԺҸ׺ѧԺһʦЩ飬ҽȥԶʱϲΪҶȥѧԺģû뵽ҶһǰѧԺ
ã֮һȥѧԺҶЦЦûѧԺɣʱҲҪѧԺ
˱ı뿪Ҷ
һҾ¥ƽЩƲˣдҶ졣
֣뵺ʵЩҪæƹѲҶ˵⣬ӵ˰ٺãѷ뿪
Ŷʲô飬Ҷ羡ܷԸȵģʲôæܹϣСһ𡣡ԶʱЩȺ͸ˣôҶùϵҶȻæ֮ء
Ҷ쿴һϵӣЩжæ˵ģЩϣֵǵİΣϣǿ뵺
С£Ҷ磬㲻Ѿ뵺˸ۡҶɡȻԸĻҲԼ˵ţΪ˵ŵĵӡŶģʱҽһ£ǳȥǴȺɡ֮ں˵С飬ȻѲס˵ŵ
Ҷ˿¿԰ĵ뿪ˡ


495 
Ҷ磬ܸ˵˵ѧԺһûȥݴ½֪ݴ½ʲôӣ˵űߣֱּǴ·ɫ¥УƶҶѯʸͣ
ʵҲ֪Ҷ찵ܸܲ߶ƣҶҲûȥݴ½һ
˾ôϡͿؽ̸ţֱһ˵
˵СƣҲѾ˵ɣ㸸׵ȥû뵽һȾˣôһλСֵܡһӣһѩȲ
Ҷ쿴ˣа𶯣ϳ˴ˣǵ̻λභǿߣû뵽Ȼ˵ŵˡ
壬Ҷ𣿹ǻ佱Ҷ츳أЦ漴ҶҶ磬Ұ壬Ҳ˵ŵĳϣҸ׵ĺֵܡ
ǰҶ˵ͷۼǿߣȻС
һҶҲǿߵĶ֣ڵĹвʰ˼ǲʾżǿߡ
Ǻȣǲ̫Զˡ
ԭҶСѣһϷ;ΪˣټȻ鴫Ц˵
Ҷʱɻ
һԵĶƹЦҶ粢ûϳ尡
ʵҶϳ˰ֻû뵽ԷʱȻͼסҪ֪ʱһСС
ֱƽһ֮ҶŻȻ򣬸鵱Ϸ̻ᣬʵΪ˾ʱж
ƵǿҶһڰѶƵˡ
Ҷ磬ȻңҾȻȥˣȸȾơƹֵ
ãæҲ׼ȥ޴ڡ䣡Ҷ˵ͷ
һԵİ۾һУЦ˵ҶСѣʱѯһ㣬֪ǷԸΪ˵ŵϣ
ϣҶüͷǶ˵ŷУԸһطϾҪȥݴ½ġ
һԵĶƺҶ˼æ˵Ҷ磬ϺƽĳϲֻͬҪ˵ΣյʱְɣƽǾɵģȥȥܵ˵ŵԼ
СԣʵҶС˵ŹҸ¸ҶСѣҶСѵ츳϶Ժǰ;ԲҶСѵġңһΪ֮ܵ˵ųܵԴͷ
Ҷ磬㲻ߵ˵ڶµʯ֮һ츳ܹʯ֮ǰԻܶġЩջ˵׼ڵʯǰһΣؽ˵ŵĵӣ¸δػӦֻҪ˵ŵϣô¾;ܳˡ
µĵʯҶԶʱĶˡ
˭ǿǵһʣݴ½ǳľߣõ˾ʥ޵е洫ھ£
һţɲǶԷģݴ½ϵġ
ʾ統УĶ裬ݴ½һˣ֮ȡ
µĵʯ»Ҷܺܶ࣬ջ̫ˣҶѡ
ҶСѣ˵ţ洫ӣѻڵʯǰһεĻᣬˣԻźġ˵
ҲĿȵؿҶ죬ϣҶ˵š
Ҷĳεºܣǰ˿أٲ룬̫ʶ̧ˡҶ칰˹֣ھ˵ţΪһϡ
ƺͰʱ¶Цݡ
ϣҶ˵ŵģ˵ȴǿһ㡣
ȣҶ˵ŵ˲СϾܵ޴ڡ᳤ԽӴ
ΣҶڽǶֳ츳̫֮׶ǿľţ˭ѡ£ġ
ãͻȥ֪Сѵѡһܸ˵ġõҶĿ϶ǳˡ
Ҷ磬ԺҲͬˣԺѧԺѧԱٺ١Ҳǳˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ

ƺͰ֮Ҷȥһˡ޴ڡ
ͬϴһ᳤ͩԽӴҶ죬һ뵺˵Ÿ߲㾪ˡ
ղҶѾʣϲϲͩһҶ죬ʱЦݣЦݾϵģҶܸж
ͷ᳤ԽӴʵǡҶЩܳλ᳤ʵ̫ˣЩϲ
Ҫ֪Ϊ̫ʥʥӣ֮Ҳûжô𾴣ϾΪĲ
ͩȻ𣬵Ҳһλ벽𣬾ݴ½Ķǿߡ
ȻεԽӴ˵ŵҲûʸ
Ҷ첻жء
ңҶں̸ͩʱ򣬷һȵĵط
طǶĳƺ
˵ŵĸ߲㣬ͬǶⳤϣ۰ǶҶȻܿƺҶСѡ
ͩʼգƺҶΪҶӣӣǾơ
һ벽𣬾ҶСѣѾǿˣȴǳƺΪӣҶ첻𾪡
ҶͩʲôĿģɻǣ޴ڣͩȥˡ
ҶעҪΪ˾һ
ҶӣҪʲôͩЦŰ˰ֱ֣˵ʵƺҶ⣬Ҷи𾪺ɻˡ
Ҷ컹ϽԼ˵˳Ҫı嵥˳ݸͩ
ǰҪıȻҲ֪ЩֻʣЩļ۸Ҳ֪޴Ƿյ롣ҶЩ죬ѯʱϢʵЩǿˡ
ͩһ⣬ӹ嵥һʱЦˣתսҪıĳϲҶӵȷѾ˵ľתս壬츳
ҳɹҶǳǫ˵
ǽҾܳɹģľתս壬ҪɫɹѹҶ츳˾ˡͩп
ҶֻǫЦЦ
ͩûмɨһ嵥˼һ˵ҶҪı޴ڵȷԴ룬Ҫȥݴ½ķֻУȥݴ½ĳ۹ĵ۶Ժڵĳǳأֻķֻᣬۼôඥı
ȻҪЩҪʯһ֣ҶضԶͩ̾
Щ󣬾ͩľҲҲﲻҶ죬ֻܰĪˡ
ҶȻͩмлǰָ㣬ʵҲֻ֪ܷʮʵľѪøԼһĶ
⻰޴ڶղʮʵľѪҶټȥʲôô
ҶĿģͩЦŵ˵ͷҶܵģȻ˵߲㣬ǵڰ˲ľתս壬Ǿ˵Щݴ½Ǵյġ
лǰ֪ͲǰˣǣҶ칧һ


496 
޴ڳҶһơ
ȻϣҪתսıҪʯһޱӴ
ʮʵľѪÿһҪƷʯΪλġ
ЩֱҪʮڵƷʯ
⿴֣ҶѾˣҼҲżʮƷʯԭȵһٶƷʯѾõˡ
Ҿ˵ЩǿţĳĳʥصĴˣĳĳɵʥӣûһɢ޿Գ¡
Ҷ̾
ֻЩӴ񣬲ţⲻûеġ
ԽǿţʵʱҪʯԽ࣬ҲֻЩ
һСҵҲһš
ҲѧԺлҵõôʯҶһ̣ȲҪǰݴ½ĵطɣ򲻿ܼôƷʯ
Ҳǵľԣֻдطǿţǿߡ
ʮ˹ݴ½ǶֻԴḻݴ½ܵǿźǿߡ
ҶӣиҫΰҪڴ
صҶ֮Ҷһʾ磬ȴǼܼӭ˵
ҫΰˣû뵽˵ˣߺߣҶһ˿֮ɫǸһĨЦ
֮ǰ޾ҫΰοڡ
գҶһֱǰ
Ȼλ̻үҫΰѾҶ߽æվرȭҶӣˡ
ⷬģһ㶼ǰǸɱҶĲΪ˵źͰԵˡ
ҶȤЦЦû뵽ǰȻȤͣϡ氡
Ҷ˵ЦˣͣĳҡҫΰڨڨһЦ̬ڵĺܵͣ˵֮óһָݸҶ죬ҶӣƷʯ¡
򣿡Ҷ쾪㵵ؽӹָЩɻؿҫΰҲ˵ˣֻҪһ㲻õģҶ˵㻰ɲ̰̻ʯ
˵գҶһӣһϢήҵ־˳
ܵ˫۵ʧ֮־ΪʱҲԻָ۷壬ϾҶС֮Уûʯ
ף־һͿǰҫΰʱϲ
ҫΰһ۾Ϳ־˫ûˣʱһǿŭӲؼһЦݣҶ˵лҶȮһһƷʯ͵ȮӸҶӵǰĶᣬϣҶӴ˲С˹
ףһԵ־ҫΰĻʱޱȣΪԼԼˣû뵽Ȼ
ž
û־״ҫΰݺݵظһƣߵ֪ߵغķ͸˵ַϿǲξҶӷŹ㣬ȥּҵļҷҲ㡣
ҡ־ӣŵؿԼĸףֱӱˡ
Ҷ쵭ؿһĻ˰ֵȻǰ˵ᣬô±㵽Ϊֹɣֻϣ̻ԺҪϿɢޡ
һҶӷģǻ᳤Ѿκ̻ӵǰϿ̻κϿɢޣΥߣ᳤ն֮ҫΰ˵
һԵ־ԣٴαˣû뵽Լүүͷˡ
Ҫ֪үүһλ۰
־ãؿ˿Ҷ죬֪ǰ˵ʲôôүүòͷ
ֱҫΰã־뿪뵺֮־ûзӦ˷·һ㡣
ղŻ̾Ϣʯû뵽ôʯٺ٣
뿪ҫΰҶʱ¶Цݡ
ƷʯȻ࣬Լʣ࣬Ҳ㹻ʶˡ
ȻһʶƿԼںѶȣҶ޷ڶʱڽ
ƿһ㣬ҶаͻƣϾ츳ôܱһССʶƿס
ؼںļѣ֮ǰҪǿžתԱˡ
һں磬Ҷ첻Ҵ⣬һҪ׼һС
գҶһߵ̬һߵȴպĶƳ
ʱ뿪뵺ҫΰһĬ
ףҶ쵽ʲô־̲סʵǰ׳գԼүүͷˣ˵Ҷݷǳֲ
ҫΰҡҡͷԼĶһۣ־еԹȻصĺӲ׵۾
㲻ҪűˣҸϵ˵һսȴκβȻ˵ľתս塣
ҫΰؿ־˵츳֮ߣֻ̫ǿүүžԹ
ңղҲˣС뵺ӵôĸۡ˵˵ŵĹϵǷ͸̻ǲˡ
ҫΰĻ־ĵص˵ͷ֪עû취ˡ
ȥ֮󣬱չذ꣬үүҫΰһ仰ʱ־ҡ
Ҫһ갡
ǳ׾˼
˿־ҫΰȴǸԼĸף֮ǰԼĸЩҿ϶ϾֻҪ׳֣˵ԽҶ
뵺ʶҶ뵺ӴҫΰԼ׵ıԶǡ
ĵطĴҪѧͷ
οСС̻ᡣ

һĴ
ϣ̻үҫΰȥҶȥ֮⣬ϱ۵Ķ־һȥһ
вΪ£һͳ
Ŀǰ꣬жǰҶӿ̻ύ񣬴˷ҫΰǰΪ˻ԹǸٴ
̻ȥһݾ棡ͳһߡ
ǣʧ
Ϊ˵ŵĴӪ뵺һһ޷ӹ˵ŵߡ
Ҷ˵ŵϱκһٶʲôˣ˵ŵо
ҫΰƷʯԼĶӣһҶĶԹԹǻˣĶȴûиȥ
ȥһ߱ʬ塣
ˣţ
ĪĺϿգҫΰǰ־ʬ壬ֻȭͷýġ
ڸղţһλ˵ŵԸû˿ɣֱնɱ־
Įؿҫΰһۣλ˵ŵǿֱƿȥ
ȻԷû˵ҫΰ֪˵ŵĶľ棬Ϊʲôǿ϶ǺҶйء
ҫΰг˺ͲʣǸҪһУޡ򲻽̻ᣬᱻ
֮ҫΰص̻ᣬԴ˱չذꡣ
ֱ֮ҫΰҶϢ֮󣬲׵̣Ƕôȷ


497 
յʱ䣬գۼ
һ磬Ҷյ˵ŴȥۿƵĳ
ݴ½Щ塢ӵܵĳ񣬷ǳҪνĿ
Ҷ컹ûйۿԷǳ棬֪ڳ֮Ϊᱩ֪࣬ʲôԭ
ӺΣҶ쳯˵ȥ
ҶӣѾź˹ϯ롣Ҷʾ֮һ˵ŵĵӹӭԴҶǰһ޴Ĺ㳡
ʱ㳡ɽ˺ߵӰ˵ŵĵӣҲСĴ
˵Ϊ쵶ź͵ص⣬඼ˡһȥۼǿߣλ֮࣬Ҷ찵ࡣ
֮⣬洦ɼʼǿߣĺ٣ӭ͵˵ŵӡ
öǿߣ
ѩۣԶԶؿû뵽Ҳˡ
Ӻ˸Ҷ󣬴Ҵһˣһ¶Ϣѡ
λһ㣬Ͼ֮ǰɽңҲʼǿߡ
Ӳļ⻹ǿҶôʯĿޣʵĵطо˫ȶ̲ס
ⲻӵСʵΧһɹϢ̫ǿˣЩۼǿߣѾԼϢһҶ춼οӡ
ҶӣĹǰʮλáǵ˵ŵӣָŹ㳡ǰŵһλ˵
Ҷʱˡ
κҲĿɿڴʲôλãĿɶۼǿ߰һе۷һۡ
Ҫ֪㳡һһٶˣǰŶۼǿߣҶȻʮλʱ˲š
ʵϣǴ·˵ŵӣʱҲţӵˡ
ҶҶ죬һǲȥˣһȥɡͷЩһһλλۼǿߣʱͣ½Ųǰһ
Ҳ֮ͣڨڨҲ¡
Ǻðɣڴ˵أҪ˳ͻҶ˵ͷԼЩˣȻӺ˵Ĺ˼ɡ
ûж룬Ҷһŵһλȥ
ţ
С˭
·˰ɣ
һʼûע⵽Ҷ죬Ͼ㳡ɽ˺ϵǿߣ˭עһССʡ
ǵȵҶߵǰ漸λʱһЩ߾Ͳˣǿۼǿ߲ʸĵطôһССҲȥ
ǣҶ쾹Ȼǰȥֱߵһλá
ҿСӣ˰ɣ
ǿǵһţҲûʸȥ
˭ܸһС˭
㳡۷׷ףһ˶ҶľٶˣЩۡ
۱Ͼۣһ񣬿һҶ죬Щ;ȣֻüû˵
Ͼ˵ţʲô⣬Ҳ˵ŵ飬˿ɲҲ졣
˵ʵҶҲϾȥԵĶۼǿߡһ츳Щܲˡ
Ǽλ۵עӰ
ֱ˼λˣҶ˿
Ҷϣ
Ҷϣ
ͽǶⳤϿҶ쵽վк
һĻЩʶҶǿߣʱһĿɿڴҲСҶˡ
˭ΪȻ֮е׵ģݲ˵ֵܣ˵ŵĵλܸߡ
Ƕⳤϣ˵ŵλߵļ֮һǿߣ˭˲֪
˾ȻҶǰվкⲻò˸ӺҶˡ
һĻ͸˳Ծˣ㳡˲žˡ
ҶӣҲˣѾ˵ġ޴ڡ᳤ͩվԽԼλóҶ¡
һԵһλ˵ŵĳȻ᲻ʶȤϾÿԼλøͩ
ΧۣѾɴ۾һŵؿҶ죬ŵĶһѼƵģ𺳵˵
˵ⳤܴĻôͩľͷˣܹڵλϳģҲΨλˡ
һǿߣȻԸҶλʱҶݳеĸˡ
˵ˣⳤҲ֪࣬ҶͩϵǷû뵽ȻôǷ
ôҶĵλͩأɵôҶ쵽ǲλʥĵӣĳʥصĴˡ
ǰ
ҶһŰⳤ϶˵˵ͷ漴ͩԱ¡
ˣΧȴߴߴˣȻǿߣǿɲߴߴĽͷӶһ̸
ʱΪ뵺˵˵ųϣʱһյΧ
ⳤ϶ӵʮۼǿߣҲҶֻԺؽҶ˵ŵϡ
ϣ
ƭȥɣ
һʸܵͩôأ
ʲôʱ˵ŵһ߶ʸʤˣ
Ȼ˷ǳ˵ųϵĻش𣬵Ҳ޿κΣΪ˵ŵĳϣҲ֪ҶݵΡ
Ҳ֪ͩǸͩ
ͩеغҶ콻̸ǶҶ죬ˣЩۣûʸͩ࿴һء
ͩǴݴ½ǿߣǰ벽𣬽Ҳ̫ԶȻû˵ǴﶼЩۡ
û취ֻעҶ̸ͩϣпԵõһЩϢ
Ҷֻͩлҳż̸Щ⣬ҲͩڹĨǵָҶ졣
λֻóһõϢǾֺͩҶ죬زװģʵġ
ǸӺҶˡ
˶кĵģǿҲ⣬һüͷ壬²Ҷݡ
ֱ˵ŵ֮󣬳ų
λҶӰɣлҶ֮ǰСĳ֮ǰչأӭӣҶӺ˵ŵһλӣ㣬һ㶼ͷķɡ
һΪȴҶ찵࣬˾ͩ²ҲǺܴˡ
˵ŵ츳ֵõ˵ŵԴ֧ţΪȻǳ¡
ˣһʣѣ̸Ͼ֮Ҷæվֵ
Էһ֮ôȻ
ǺǣȻѣֳ˵ŵϣһ񣬻ҶӲҪƴǡ˵ŵ΢΢һЦֶ͹һָ
ҶüͷһȻ֪ʯǲҪʱȴѾ˵ˡ
ҶʱЦлȴȴ֮ˡ
˵ҶѧԺѧԱԺСȥѧԺϣҶչһ˵ǳ˵
ȻҶ˵ͷ˵˵Ҳôġ
ʱΧֵõһҶϢѧԺѧԱ
ҶȴЦݵΪ˵͸ĴָУһǧƷʯ
ľͷ־Ǵ󷽰


498 
˵ĵƵĳڿʼ
ҶɻǣƱ˲ûг֣ȳǰһ޴ķͬһСɽô󣬷ǳ׳ۣơ
Ҷӣ˵ŵĴж̫ʱڣ˻ѹļ˻ģʶΪеʥ˵ĴɣЩ壬ڳʱ򶼻ʹжһԵͩҶɻ󣬽͵
ж
Ҷ˵ͷԺع鱱ʮ˹ҲҪҶһж
жƽΪ¯ӵܻɵӼݣֻڳʱ򣬲ŻΪ¯ô߽
ͩµʱһλλ˵ŵӣ̧һ޴챦֮봫ж֮С
Ҷʱˣﻹйͩܣֻ۾ɵϴ󣬲ŵؿһ챦
ѪᡢѩݡٻϼѿѩȪôĵر
ѪⶼͰװǵ˶Ѫ
ЩҩҲǷƷЩԿʼǿߵΪ

һĵر봫ж֮УҶ쵹һô౦ֱ۽磬ʮ˹Ҳۼô౦
ĵرҶûмֻܴ¶жϳĲ

˵ŵȵ
ʱϯУ߳λ˵ŵĳϣۼǿߡ
λ϶¶ȵĻ棬뷢Ŵж˹ҵĻ棬ʱķڵס˵ߡ
ҶܹõǴж֮УĵرڷڣƢҩ봫㱻һλ۸ӡˡ
жһܷĶ¯ܵλ۵ļ
˵ţǴֱʰĳҲֻɲó
ɲҼСӵĳҲֻһλ۳ּĵرҲԶԶȲ
˵żҴҵǲ̫Զˡ

ҶߴΧһЩ۵ĸ̾
ж㱻λۼʱҶ͸ԿǴжеĵرѾ˽ɫҺ塣
ⶫҪǺȥֱʮȫ谡Ҷ쿴˫ȡ
ʱ򣬶ڳˣСƨƨߵطһ۹˹֣Ҷ켷˼۾
ȥ˵ͺȵ
ƶʱƲƲ죬һѹ·˴ж֮С
ۡλϣǻСһ㣬һȥУӲҲ̶ãҶȴоϵϢڲϵӡ
ļ弶
ƵΪ·һҶĿɿڴ
ӺҲֱ۾òŶһۣԼͬ˵˱ˣ˰
ӡڴʱ˵һ˫ƳһѤõĳɫʻŴжȥ
ʱжܵĻʢȵĻ棬·ڻ˿
ϵʳӰƶʱ𣬸оȫܵĲУҪȴһλ˵ŵĳһƺ˽ȥ
˵鶯һ£ݺݵص˴жеĶһۡ
ΧЦЦ
ҶҲݸ붼벻ĻƾȻʹǷˡ
Ҫһ飬ҲĸԸӸ̾
ηǳͬص˵ͷ
Ǵʱ֪Щɡĳˣôĵر󱲴Ļ
ĳһͷҲܳΪۣкܴԳΪ
ж㱻˰죬λ۲Ż֣Ҳǿ˰죬˵ڣоˡ
䣡
һʼϢӶϱ𶯡
һĻ˵ص˵ͷôһͶķĵرȡԤڵĳɹ
һССֱ֮ӽһ
ˣλ۵ļƵҲ÷ǳǿһҲҶľת١
Ȼһ幦ȻȲϾתս壬Ѿߵľ磬Ⱦת
ȻҶⶼǿ˰λ۵ļƾԼǲôġ
Ҳû취һ۶һλ֣ƾһͷҲܱ
ҶҲֻһĽʺޡ
˵λۡʡ
ҶҺͩ˵˾ͷһλ̸¡Ȼһ֪˲Ϣ
ڶСӣһж㱻˵ȥˡϾô죬ΪȶҪչһ
֮ҶҲصҶʼչʼ׼ڶں磬׼ʶ
ڣõ˵һǧƷʯټҫΰһǧٶƷʯ
Щʯ㹻Ҷˡ
ԣʱڣҶ첻ҪΪʯͽˡҪǣ׼ں磬ΪѣҲҪһ
ºҶˣʱѾаٷ֮ʮİսеڶںˡ
ҶûǲգʱѹΪͻơ
Ѿʾ磬ֻҪۼǿߣͲõΣգҲΪ
Ҷӣƹˣ˵أȥ˵˵ǹʲôʯ顣ܼҶأʱӭ
ʯҶһ뵽֮ǰ飬ֻҪΪ˵ŵϣлȥʯǰһΡ
֪ˣҶ˵ͷ漴ѯһӡǵϢ
ԣӡԶһЩʮ˹꿡ܣ츳ǷټҶĹϵʱѾ˵ţֱӳŵӣڶ˵
ǵ츳ȱ˲ȱıǴɵϵͳָᣬغܿ춼ܽΪҲڻ¡Ҷ֪£ʱοѣ԰ˡ
ǰ˵ţʶһµһʶĵʯȻ뿪뵺ǰݴ½
Ҷ磬ҵܾˣˡҶأϾ͸˹Ҷߴߴ˵ͣ
Ҷˣһһвס򵱳Ҳһܳ˵ţ쵶ŵ׷ɱ
Ƶ˼ҶȥʯȻһǰݴ½һҲ뵺ˡ
öƵĻ˵Ѿ뵺˶ʮΣֻܳȥңȥ
˵֪룬֪᲻ѪҶЩа뵽
Ŷ˵ŵ·Ҷһ·ϳ裬ܿ˵ŵĽءʥء
˵˵ǵһʶĵطʥޱȣһ˿̤ġ
µĵʯҲͱ˵Ŵ
ʥأ쵶ź͵صҲӵУɵϷ˶ĴУŷָһ


499 
˵ţʥء
ʥطǳҪλ˵ŵǿ߳ûƣ˭Ҳܽȥ
λƣƽѾ׼õƵݸһλۡ
һ׷ͯյӣϥʥſڣɨ˶ƺҶһۣĿӹһ˿졣
Сƣǰ㰲źѧԺΪʲôҪȥѧԺӿƣĿгͣȴʵ
ڨڨԴҾѧԺ̫Ӷȥޡ
ΪԺ֮УѧԺ֮⣬ĴԺг̫ӲŲòȥѧԺӵ˶һۣЩɸֵ˵
ڹż֮п˵ѧԺɨĴԺݴ½޵аƲ˵
Ȼòᣬֵһ¶ƵĶͷЦ㻹֪ǵ꣬ǰѧԺǺڵѧԺѾûˣԺλˡ
Ҷһû˵Ժ˽ĺ٣û֪һЩš
ȻҲһ汦Ȳʵ󲮣˵ѧԺΪʲôͻȻû䣿Ĵôûô죿Щż֮жûмء
Сӣһɣڵ㣬֪ķãСıᡣЦ
㲻ңҾͳȥ˵ߣƲƲ졣
㡭ӶʱôӵۣһԵҶ첻ݸ
ˣ͸ˣмɲ˵εص˶һۣŻ˵ѧԺû䣬ʵһɵģֲñˡ
Ŷȡ
ҶҲЩɡ
ӳһ£̾ѧԺǺεȻԻͣŲѹĴԺݴ½һʱֻҪ˵ѧԺѧԱ˶Ĵָ㡣
Ʋɵ֮ɫ
ҶҲȻԺͬЩɣ̫ˣ𶼲֪ж٣ʥҲкܶࡣ
ڹʱ
ѧԺû䣬ǰһսҡҡͷʱ̫Զ֪ҲǺһЩŵУſԵõϢһͨѧԺѧԱѧԺһӣ˵϶ܵλӵĴѹ
Ӽ˵ǲ֪ʱѧԺ죬εȻԻܹͣΪѧԺӣǻϾݴ½һ۷˵һͨѧԱһӣǣǻվһߣ
ȻվһߣһͨѧԱʧ˲ʲôѧԺǡһӣǽ͵ĳɾҲʥܹΪʥԺԥ˵
СѣأЦȴǿҶ졣
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣˵ѧԱ߲㣬ԻṫԴΪѧԱݶƫ̻һ
ŶԾȵؿ˿Ҷ졣
󲮣˵ôˣʱʵ
ûлشƣؿҶһۣ̾ѧԺĸ߲㣬ôͲкûˣһֱڣѧԺѹĴԺ
ţҶһ
ʲô˼Ҳɻؿӡ
ʱһǿ۾ؿһҶ죬ٿƣһѧԺĸ߲ѡվһߣͨѧԱݺݳͷһ١ˣλԼϵشѹͨѧԱѧԺ߲Ҳ
̫ˣһͨѧԱõôԴҲ̫ˡƲƲ졣
ܹѧԺĶǷˣһΪУöԷҲվѱԷһ̡ᷭҶҡҡͷ
ѧԺλӵȷЩԣ籾ǿΪԴ˴ȱôǶԼĲ̡
СƣҪúøλҶѧѧǰǸ˵ʱڵ
ŶƵ˵ͷͶҶ
һǿҲ˵ͷ֣صؿҶ죬˵ҶӣСƵһγԶţԺչˣ˵һĶ顣
λǰģҵѣ⣬ȻụҶЦ֣ƺǳ
أֻǴӸղŲתģ֮ǰû
󲮡憪£ڶû˵ѧԺôûˣƼʵ
ǿ߶ʱ˶һۣЩɸ֣̾˿
ƵĴҡҡͷЦСӣ֪ʲôʱų󡣡
ƵĶ˵ǸѧԺͨѧԱõһɳ죬ΪʥѧԺн죬ΪλʥĲϴѹΪʥһ죬ѧԺѪɺӣʥǿ߶λ
ݴ½ĵһԺһ֮ûˡЩѧԱӵӣҲѧԺѧԱԳˡƵĴ󲮸̾
ǧ꣬λʥ֮£Ҳûһ˸ҰѧԺޣʹѧԺѧԱٵ˸λֱλʥʧ֮ѧԺŽָΪ֮ǰԪˣʼ޷ָ۷壬⼸ǧԺ֮еסƵĶ
Ȼ֮Ŀɿڴš
ҶҲЩϣû뵽ѧԺû䣬ȻһѧԺͨѧԱɵģֱ漣
Ϊ£ѧԺһֱܵĴԺĳЦڵݴ½ѧԺѧԱûʲôλȲĴԺѧԱƵĴ˵
ǽѧԺԺĴԺѧԱһҪҪǾƵĶظ
ޣƵ˵ͷҲǰ׳գ֪ݴ½ݴ½û˻ںһ˵ŵ
ҶӣȥɣϣʯЩƵĴʱִ򿪵ʥص󷨣·һɫͨ
лλǰҶ칰˹֣Ƶ˵ͷ̤ŽɫͨʧһƬãã֮С
Ҷ츳ڵʥһ֪ܼܶ࣬ܲʦүƿҶıӰЩڴ˵
ܣƵĶҡҡͷ
ƵĴ̾˵ʦүڵʯһ˿ЩӵʵţҲûʸʦүֻڵ棬ﵽߵĳɾͣп˿ʦү
Ϊֹ˵ŵʷϣֻеߴһ˴ﵽĳɾͣõʦүĴУɾ𡣡ƵĶ
Żǧ꣬ҪλڳʥҾܼ˼ˡһϧ˵
СӣܳΪҺݷˡƵĴЦ
ôĵرȻֻһЩҩûбںϣ㡣ƵĶ۾һУһ⡣
ģһ¡ۣһ񣬶ʱ˸Ⱦܡ
ܿϧһССʣ޷һλǰߡ
ûãʥſڣ㴫ƵĲҺŵøЩ˵ŵӣһԶ˵أΪˡ


500 ֮
һݣһʯһٲ
ʥؾô򵥣ûҶ֮еĻԻͣƽĲƽ
֪ˣǶżչĵطʯӦþŵʯ̨µĵⳤ档Ҷжʱͬʱޱȡ
ⳤ棬಻Ƿ޵춷ľ⡣
边ȻҲˣĵȲϷ޵еʥġ
ﵽʥ
ݴ½벻İɡ
ҶЩ𾪡
ʼʯ̨ȻһۣƣḧţʱһɿֲĵͻȻҶڡ
֣ɵȻֲȴҶЩϤĵⶼЩƣû𵽳ͻʹĵõ
⡭Ҷ㵣ϲ
Ƿ޵еĵ⣬Ƕõ˷޵е洫ǾԲ紫ŵϵʦͽϵ
Ϊˣĵ⣬޵еĵǳƣΪͬһԴ
Ҷ춷꣬޵µˮС̤ħʹĵ⣬Ҳͷ޵еĵǳơ
˵ĵ⣬ЩͬԶĵ⣬ڸܵҶǹϤĵ˹
ʵϣҶµòЩ˵ŵ򣬳ǽ˵Ź۷徳ǿߣ򶼻ᱻɵɡ
˵Ȼ裬ֻ֮һĴУһ㴫У۷徳磬޷ʯ̨
ʵϣ˵ŵʷϣҲֻ˵ŵĵߴǿˡ
䣡
Ҷ쾪ϲ֮䣬һӴͻȻ٣ʥء
ʲôҶ𾪵̧ͷһ޴ӰУ
һӰΣֻһ˫ӣ·𶴴գ˺ʱճӣֱҶ
˲䣬Ҷоȫ£еĵطȫԷˡ
裿ģӰҶޱ𶯣µԷпܾǴ˵еĵһʡ
ɱ¾⡢̫⣬дʦĲ൶⡣ˣĵȻǿ󣬵̫ӣⲻĵĪ޾ĲɣҶ
Ҷ۾һæ񣬹ǰָ㣡
˭
һʶ衣
Ҷ֪ǰǿǿߣ³˾칬ػϺͷ޵֮⣬λǰڵΪˡ
ʲôʲô似ҲȲλǰָ㡣
ҶȻᡣ
纣ÿһֵ⣬·ֱյ㣬Ȼֵ⡣ȻиѡᣬͬʱҲ˷Ѻܶʱ䡣
Ҳ㿴㻹ᣬõʱ˷ѡĿôҪʡÿһÿһʱ䣬Ϊܶʥ֮ûдﵽ񾳽磬ʲ֮⣬ȱʱ䡣
ĻҶ˼
񾳽ϣһֱΪŹˣпܽ񡣵ͣ˶ĻͻȻлĿܡ
԰Щʥ޵ʥһʲˣ̤ħ츳˫ƾ
˵еԶҶ֮һ鷲壬ûʲô츳ܳΪ˵츳ǾԵġ
ʱ䡭ɣЩʥһأܶ඼ѾʧˣΪʲôΪ˳񣡡

Ҷн򣬶˵ĺܶԣҪʡʱ䡣
һҪѡֵ⣬ֻһֵ⡣
ɱ¾Լģ߿ʼڡ
ͬʱɱ¾ҲʹŷѪħҶõ
̫͸ҪˣΪ̫ʥʥӣֵܷ⣿̫ʮʽĹҲǿĹʥ硣
ڲ൶ģ춷ģֵһҲɱ¾̫
ȻҲûжӰ죬Ҷ컹Щ᲻á
ǰҡҶ̧ͷ޷ѡ̫ˣ˭޷
Լ·Լҡҡͷ޷Ҷһ˵·ʼҪԼȥߡ
ֻܸҶָ㡣
ʵϣҲܺ棬Ҷ쵽ѡ
ôˣ칬ڳһλˣˣҺϣܹɹΪ칬ݴ½̫ˡ˵칬ʱг˾塣
ǰֵҶ뱣֪ûİ취Ҷѯʵ˵ˣԼоЩ޳ܣо̫̰ˡ
û취ֵ⣬൶⻹˵ɱ¾⣬̫⣬޷
ĬƬ̣βſڵ֪汾Դ𣿲㲻֪һǸϸ˵˵ɡ
򣿡ҶɻһİĴʻ㣬һš
Ҷ𾪵ǣȻڶе֪ˡ桱ʣ˵ʲô
˵ݴ½뿪Ƭ½ǰ޾ǿա
ֻмʶǿգʡ
汾ԴΪȼʵϣģֻĸȼ֣ص˵
Ҷ֪ʥǿ߲֪š
˷߷򣬴˵˭ƿˣ˭ƿ棬Ϊ֮迴Ҷ죬Ȼ̫Ʈ죬ΪֹҲûһܹõҵõʷϣҲûܹõ
ԣ˷˵̫ңԶҪǣ
˵ҪǵʣµĸȼıԴͨΪһ򡢶ļ򡣡
ҶʲôҲף޷˵ķӦòڿԽӴĲΣֻļ£ҲԺõõ
ʱ䡢ռ䣬һݴ½ʷϣûһǿҲҪǡֱǣ򡢻򡣡
迴Ҷ죬Цɱ¾ڻһϵ̫Ͳ൶һϵ
Ҷ˵ͷļ
򣬷ֱǣϵ򡢵ϵ򡢻ϵˮϵ򡢷ϵ򡢹ϵ򡢰ϵߴԴǰ󣬻ݴ½ߣ߾磬ָߴԴ򡣡˵
⣬ϵʯϵϵ򡭡ȵȣЩǴĴһȷ򣬱Ϊļ򡣡
ڣģļ򡣡
˵
ҵɱ¾Ҳļ𣿡Ҷ첻ʵ
ԣҡͷһЦ˵׼ȷ˵ɱ¾ļɱ¾⣬ֻ߾磬ɾʥһɱ¾򡣡
һλҲûɱ¾򣬻˵ļ򡣡̾
ʲô
Ҷʱ𾪣˵ϣôͼļ򣬶ûȫ
ˣ֮Ҳֻ嫺еһˮѡ賤̾Ųĵ⣬ôѡһֵΪޣĵΪޣҸĽ顣
μ棬һʽ˵ӡΪϣԺлܹ㡣˵꣬˻һҵĹâҶ֮С
ʱҶоԺжһ似˵ӡ


501 ˵ӡ
ãʥػָƽӰѾʧʯ̨Ҳָԭôƽ
Ҷʯ̨ǰվ죬һν̸𶯲ѡ
ԭΪ񾳽߾磬ڿŸոտʼЩʧݴ½񡢷ʥ¶ǰ˸ӹ硣
Ҷипѣû뵽һֱ׷߾磬ֻһʼ֮·ĻҪңԶ
ΣңԶ·Ҳֹҵ˫ű㲻ֹͣͻȻҶųŵЦݡ
һ̣ʮ㡣
Ҷ콫Ӷ֪ķ֮ؼԺУⲻڿԿӵҪȲǰĿǰĿ꣬һȻʥ񾳽硣
ԺУ˵ӡؿֻҪҶһ룬ȻȻؿʩչ
ֶΣֱӽʥ似ңˡҶʱֶ̾Ρ
²⣬輴㲻ʥǲԶˡ
ԿҶйâ˸絶ʩչ˵ӡǰȥʱۼ塣
һ˲䣬Ҷ˻һ񵶣ݺݵǰ
¡¡վµĴ޵еĵڲѣһƬն㱻Ҷ˺ѿ
ʥ֮ǿ󷨱ҶһûʲôƻֲֿѾҶϲˡ
Ȼʥ似˵ӡҵĹһʾżˡ
Ҷ첻ò˷ܡ
һΪԴﵽʰ˼Խ߼ķ̫ʮʽ;תԵֵʾżǿߵĹ
ڣĹͷһˡ
ʾ磬ҶԽ˼һսˣһЩӵʵţܹõġ
Ҳˡ
Ҷţڵ츳ݴ½ҲǷǳϡٵˡ
ӽԺ󣬿ֻЩӵʵľţܵҵĶˡҶŵ˵
Դӵõŵĵ·ϣڴﵽһ۷塣
ۣϿְֶͣ챻ɢˣ
󲮣
ϵɱ

ӵʥ֮гҶ춸Ȼ˶ʹĲҺ·ĩһ㣬ʱ
ֻԶĿյϣƵĶĥŶƣҶ쿴ôĥơ
ĬĬظĬƬ̣Ҷ˳ȥǰ
ҶӳˣջôƵĴ󲮵һҶ죬ɵЦʵʵҲҶջ󣬱Ͼ˵ŵĵߴ֮⣬˵ջ񶼺С
ջ񲻴л˵ŸλᡣҶЦ˵ûдջܴ󡣲˵ָķ򣬾͵˵ӡˡ
ƵĴ󲮾ҶǿûҶջܴڰֵҲ˵ŵϣ˵ŵİˣ˶񡣡
Ҷ΢ЦȻ֪˵Ϊ˽ָĺôϾʵڵģˡ
Ҷ磬ˣǸϽħ߰ɣһҲˡԶҶĶƣʱ˷ܵ˹һѱһ˵
Ҷ첻ݸһʱ䱻ĥĹңΪȴһʶٶȻǾˡ
Ҷ֪ܿЩ̺ڶڵҩԵʣƲܽô졣
ƵĶడϧƲ顣
Сӣ߾Ϳȵ棬еҽѵ㣬ߣƵĶ˵ֱһԱĿˡ
ߺߣƶŶһ죬йһеԹޣŵ̧ͷ԰ƾҵ츳滹ᱻ۸˵Ҷڣ˭۸ң
һϴҶ϶ӣҶ춼һ١
λǰҶĳ͸ˡҶŶƵĴ󲮡˹֡
Ҷӣ鷳ˡƵĴ󲮵˵ͷؿҶһۣһ֣ء
ƵĶҲҶ˵ͷ⡣
Ҷǵ˼޷չһ¶ƣǲ˵Ҳôġ
صص˵ͷҶܿͱͷĶ뿪ˡ
ھߣ㲻ȥ㸸״кҶ쿴ŰԼ˵Ķƣɵɻ
ˣϵʱ˵ţû׼ھ͵ǣòŴкˡƲ˵
Ҷʱ
Ʋµûڵ˵ȷ͵ǡƵĻλľͷ㱻Ѫ޲һӡ
¸ĸġ
ȻƼ뿪Ҷȴû뿪˵ſһӵˣһһ֮ȻصҶһȥһˡ޴ڡ
Ҷ׼ǰݴ½𣿡ͩҶһͬʱ²⣬Цʵ
ţҶ˵ͷ漴˵ǰġ
ȻͩûиʲôôҶ첻ǰ׳գΪ̬ͩȣ˵ŲŻô
ãݴ½ҶӵսֻŻĸ죡ͩû˿⣬֪СطסҶ졣
ûҶ˵ͩȡһƤֽݸҶ죬ЦȻλǰҲصչ㣬Ǹһݴ½ĵͼӦòչ˰ɣǺǣ
лǰҶʱϲݴ½ޱߣҲֻλ޴ڵĻ᳤õóĵͼ
Ҳûϸĵͼ
ŵͼǺϸݴ½Ͼ̫󣬾ʥǿҲԿͼֻǼݴ½۹һЩҪĳǳأϣЩôͩ˵
ͼˡҶæ˵ǵһȥݴ½ûһϸĵͼָ¶·̸ǰѧԺ
ŵͼݴ½·ǰѧԺ
ҶѡȥѧԺǳã̸ѧԺʺҶӣҾһ¼֮ѧԺԺ֮ƽѧԺõĶԴֻҪ츳ãܵõõͩǳͬҶѡѧԺ
Ҷ찵һЦѧԺǵõ˽ѵ֪СЩͨѧԱԾƽضԴÿһѧԱ
ĵطʺҶ졣
û䣿
ѧԺܵλʥǧĴѹȻڣָֻˮƽ˵ѧԺĵ̷ǳ
һԺļֵŻǰ˵ؽޡ
һλʥȻҡһԺĵ̣ԺԪ˶ѡ
ολʥʵû֣ϾǴѧԺɳģʼЩ
֮ͩҶŶƣֱӷ뵺

뵺һ֮ۡУһ˵ŵĵӣعڵϣһɫıӰš
뿪𣿡Ӱת¶һף˫ڵ޾Թޡ
ҵĺõܵܣ˵һһûһѣ


502 Ϸ
ҶӳħˣӴشң
Ҳ뵺ˡ
Ŀоˬɣ

һ뵺Ʊشţйе
Ҷ쿴ֱҡͷһҲ⣬õ˵Ȼ˵ŵϳħߣ治֪˵θ롣
ûᷢĶƣҶóͩĵͼͼͬļأұʸĻҪϸ
Ǻ
Ҷָָһ¶֮ɫ
뿪뵺һ£ѾһƬµĺͽǺ
Ǻܿݴ½۹
Ҷ磬Ǻɲ򵥰ҪСĵ㡣ʱ˹ѵһ֣ص˵
ô򵥣ҶЦʵͼȻϸҲֻǺŵؽ˼䡣޷Ǻܶ࣬ǳңۼµҪСͨ
ƱϾ˵ŵȻٳͨ˵ŵ鱨϶ǺľΡ
Ҷ磬Ƭкܶൺ죬ͬǣټ򺣵ңԲŽǺص
ŶȻкܶൺ죬Ϊʲôû˵أҶ첻ɵɻľޱغ٣Դ٣ôŹĵط
Ҷ磬Ǻĵ󲿷ֶǷϵʯԲֵɻΪˣߣֻͨӶᣬ׬ȡԼõʯԴ˵غǳ࣬洦ɼԿЦ
ҶʱȻǺһƬѹ
Ҷ磬ǺʮвòҪͻǷֱ𱻳ΪĻʺ;ĻĴ󺣵ʣǰ벽ۼǿߡǾŸʮĺǱʵǿֵ»һȺǳ¡Ƴ
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Ҷһâ˵ͷ
Ȼ˵ÿһǺߣ٣ǵʵֻҪСĵ㣬Ӧûû¡ҲЩأɵЦ
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˵գҶת󷽣Ŀбһĺ⡣
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ֻһӰѸٽӽٶȷǳ죬Ҷɫˡ
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ҶҲ壬ڵʵʾżҲаսʤ
˼֮䣬ǵӰѾǰ¶һĮף˫̺֮ɱ⣬εɨҶơ
Ҷûע⵽ڿͫ͵һ
ķһˣӦòǺ˵ɣʲô£Ҷĳƺʶ㡣ҶؿˣԪѾܵԷ˫֮еɱ⣬Ȼܲ׼
˲мɨҶһۣһССһûз֪ҶڽǶʤ
Ŀ⿴ҶĶƣĮףʱ¶һĨЦݣɭСܣþò뿪Ҳкô㰡
Сܣ磿Ҷʱ㵣ͷɻؿơ
Ҷ磬ȷҴ磬ͬĸϷ硣Ƹӵؿһۺ꣬̾˿ҶЦ
ŶҶ˼ص˵ͷȴ֣ȻֵܣôԷһɱģ
һЩŭЩεؿϷ磬磬Ҫɱ𣿡
ҶһɵøӾضŶϷ硣
ǶϷʼնûҶ죬ĿƣɭȻЦұϾֵܣ׳չҴСģɱ㡣
Ϸ翴ƵĿУɱ֮⣬һЩӡ
ˡ˿¶Ϸ磬ȴϷΪС
Ϸԣ˵Ϊһ֮˴˵ŵ֮⣬Сûж೤ʱƳɳ
Ϸ磬СʹŶˣָ˵ĸ飬ǳֱǼ·
ɱģ
ϷԣĿ⿴Ҷ죬ɭЦǵҸ˵ĻҲɱ㣬һʧȥеѣҪ¶һҪҲʧȥں˵ζ
Խ˵Խг޾ĺ⣬ǶԶƵģҲǶԶƵġ
Ҷ̾˿ֵܵĶԻͲµб飬һαҵĹ¡
ϷҪɱԼҶһЦɱң¸»ûǸʵ
ţϷƳҶһۣЦڽǶսҿˣ츳ȷֻһ㣬ܹԽأ弶߼
Ϸ¶ŵЦݣʾżΪȻҶ졣
ӡ֮У̫ӣҲֻԽ߼̫Ҳ࣬Ѿݴ½ˡ
Ҷ츳ٸߣҲԽ߼ȻĶ֡
Ϊľ޴࣬öϷгţһ˶˲Ϣй¶⣬Ҳǿš
磬ҪôԴʧɫŭŶϷ硣
ȷʵҶΨһһѣǳں
ôôΪôŷŭĶƣϷȴԵúܸˡ
磬ﶼѾˣ㡭㻹ҪԹ𣿡һӵ˵
ԹޣȻͬĸҴСͰ㵱ֵܣԼ˵Ķһ㲻𣿡ϷԳһЦ漴ʵ
ƵɫӸˣ˵ͷУ֮⣬ãϵҪá
ôģϷԴ˻ݺݵصŶƣŭҹǰҹأΪҶ֮λɱҪɱҡ
ҳһжĴҴûöҲûҪ֮λƵͷ
ʲôƨ֮λҴûпұŵ֮ȥݴ½ޣû뵽ȴС֮ĶȾ֪֮ˡҺްϷ˫죬һ㡣
Ҷһ̾ˣֵΪһĶԹŲòĿΪ
ɡӵܣǵϵӵܣ漰̳Ȩᡣ
ֵܵǲںʲô̳Ȩϧǵĸں
Сӣ㲻ʶҵܵܣˣֲңϷһؿҶ죬һɿֲĵ⣬ӿ
ɱңҶһ̾ϷҲǸԲϧܵ˲ƽĴ䵽⸱³Դûɱġ
ضҲöϷȥԶ˵ŵݣеǿնɱϷ硣
㵹Źͷˣҵܸܵ㣬ǺˡϷ粻мƲƲ죬
磡ƺ˵ʵ浣Ҷ졣ϾҶһΪ̫ˡ
ٺ٣ԽżɱıԽǿӲҪ㳢ʧȥں˵ζϷɭشЦ


503 ޵з
ƺŹͷôаճԶ𣿡ŷЦĶϷ磬ҶһЦ
ϷֹͣЦмƲƲ죬ߵСӣҳ츳ʱʮķ˱߹·࣬һոսõʣֵ²֪ɱٸ
Ҷ磬ҴȻҲŸսʾżãʵʾż֮оǶġ㲻ҪңסߣƴһһҵĵâϷ硣
ƣҶһͺȵ
û뵽ƳôϣͬʱҲж
㵹Ǻںϧƾ˵ӡҲסңϷ翴һֱۣ˦ֻһµĵâ˺ѳգ˲佫ɳȥ
˫ʵ̫ˣȻ츳ֻʶʵﵽʾżĶϷûпɱԡ
СģҶϷ֣ĶƵİΣ̲סͬһ磬ŶϷɱȥ
úãϷգҶϲͺһ۳һɳĵâҶ쵱ͷȥ
¡¡ƴĵâղ񷣬γһƬҵĹâѹ죬
ҶЩȣǴɵĵӣʾżĶϷ磬ʾżҫΰǿ̫ˣһεġ
Ҷ¶һĨЦƶתս壬չ־תϽɫΰһ˲䱬ƥĹâ
һȭҶһȭȥ·þȫһȭն񷶼·𱻴ˣֲ硣
䣡
ȭâ뵶âײҵĹԣҫ۵Ĺâе̫Ҫ貣õòԶĶ˲ʧ̲סס۾
գǵϽɫȭͷݺݵػ˰ɳľâƥݿһϷ硣
ת
ϷʧɫļʶȻ˲ϳҶľת֪Ҷ˾תս壬û뵽Ҷ콫תս˵㣬һˡ
תΣǿҲֻԽ߼ֺξ壿ϷϾǾ˵ʾżǿߣܿ˫Ʋã߶ϵ⣬屬âҶȭͷɱ
֮У˵ŵصǲǵԼıҲսʱǿĵ
ʾżĶϷ磬Ѿ˵ŵľѧ˼ߵľ磬һ򵶹ڣޱȵĿҶ춼̾ѡ
Ưϧ̫Ҷ̾һóѪħǰһž޴̫ͼʱǰ
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ӱʮ˹춷ָ㣬ҶĵѾ˺ܴĽ
̫ʮʽѾʽԶ֮ǰĵʽ
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һ֮Ҷ˺˰ٲ֮⣬û˿˵ļ
Ȼϣ̫ʮʽϾתս壬ҵķͬһˣҶ찵˷ܣһսԼʵˡ
תսǹϵݴ½һ幦͹޵У̫ʮʽǾ칬ϾѧȻҲݴ½۷似ߺ϶ΪһȻʹҶķ޵С
ɶҪ
ԼһʾżǿߣȻһССһķ޷ƵϷ֮ͨʣǲȻŭһҶ졣
һζϷ粻ʩչĿ򵶹ڣֻ֪ɢʺȺʺϵ幥еĵâ۳ǿһݺݵҶ졣
ҵҪķܲܵסһϷЦ
ţһʾżǿҲס˵ڶѾˣһ˵ŵ洫Ӷ޷סһ

Բ֪ˣ
Ҷ쵭һЦѪħͬʩչ֮ǰ̫ʽ޴̫ͼɢųҵĹâһС
ͷӲߣϷ粻мһ
䣡
޴ĵâǧôмʮô֣ͨ쳹ء·Ӿͨ죬ᴩ˲񷣬һ
ò˵һҫۣҶ춼̾ѣһʾżǿ߾Եסһ
ҶԼЩɣתս̫ʮʽܹסһ
ҶûԥĻᣬƥĵâѾݺݵҵĹâһûƬأҶûС
ҿСλϷ·𿴵Ҷľ󣬲ɵùЦ
Ҷ磡ԶĶһңسΪ̫޷ӽ㱻ನɳȥ
Ҷ󣡸磡
۾ˣ
İɣɣҾҪ¶һҪҲʧȥں˵ζҪһʹ֮СϷ翴Ƶӣڸо˳𣬷ǳĳ졣
ˣħ㲻Ҵ磬Ҵ粻ģƺ
ɱһ̣ĴϷѾˣڵңֻҪҲܰȣҪںĶӣʹ֮УϷɭ˵
ҵģƺ޺޵صŶϷһۣȻСȡһģɢƥĵ⡣
Ϸͫ׶ʱһŶƣԳЦ϶Ȼｻ㣬ȻıӣɣɱңҲܽѡ
ӣҧгݣҪȴֲģԥϾǰˣϵãĴ硣
²֣ϷƳ˶һۣ֮ɫҲȥݴ½֪ݴ½жôп᣿֪ݴ½ÿж䣿֪ݴ½ۼǿߣҲֻܵͷߣΪǿıȱȽǡ
˵ĹԹɣ϶ţ㻹ܰȵػһܣ̳˵λá
ϷЦ
ҧݣ˫ݺݵصŶϷ磬ŷģȴûг֡
˵ЦûУڴʱһϤƵĶС
ʱϲ
Ϸ粻ŵػͷǵϤӰͫһϵЦҲ˲סˡ
ôܣϷͺ
Զһɫǳ۵Ҷ죬Ӻ֮һ̤˲ͳУŶĶϷ硣
һҶ䵽˺ףϧҲֻǿƵҵķ˲ҵľתҶ쵭˵
ղһȷǿ󣬲̫ͼҶ˺ס
Ǿתķ̫ǿˣನھת֮ϣҲֻҶѪӿûܵһ˿˺
ܣϷ޷һĻŭ˻һ񵶣ɢžĵ⣬Ҷֱ
ԶĶƣʱɫ䣬ŵغҶ磬˵ӡ˵ŵǿ似ǧӲӣ
˵ӡҶԣǳһĨЦ


504 ǿһ
˵ӡ˵ŵǿ似
˵ţֻ洫ϵĵλʸѧϰ˵ӡ
贫ڸҶ˵ӡͬΪûжֱӴУ˵ӡɹֻۼĳϣǿ˵ӡҶڵĳ̶ȡ
ϷΪ˵ӡʩչҲΪˣնɱһʾżǿߡ
ǿϧҶ졣
˵ӡ𣿡
ɱԼľ񵶣Ҷ첻ɵȻʧЦ˵ŵĳʩչһȷҪСĽ䱸
һϷ磬Ȼǰʩչ˵ӡǰŪ
ʩչ似ҪƷ㻹Ҫһʱ䣬㾹Ȼʩչ˵ӡԼù
ҶһЦԺпʼֶ贫ڸ˵ӡͬһʱ䣬ƥĲ൶⣬ͬڵһ㣬ֱ񷡣
䣡
ĵ⣬಻治࣬ͬһƬ磬Ŷ渲Ƕȥ
ֲĵ⣬ʱöϷͶֵˣоҶĵ⣬춷ĵЩơ
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ͣ
ִ׵磬ڻҶ֮󣬷·һըϸСĵߣѪ֮ڣһĵʹ
Ḷ́Ҷֻҧ֣ͬʱ߶Լʺ׵ľס
߿ҶıԵʹӿ£Ҷ춼̲ס亹ֱðܿͱˡ
֪ĵطҶľתս嵽˵㣬ҲѵֵסЩʵ׵֮
ͲһˣôܷҼӲ㣬бӰ
Ҷҧŭ
һ̣Ҷսһѵսԡ£Ӳ·һжĽ¡
䣡
һҵ׵ҶȻһɫսף׵絲棬һҲ޷塣
ͬʱҶϽâľתս壬Ĵ߶֮£γɿµľתȫ޸
ûƬ֮ҶϵĽڱʧˣǽ۵ļӤһۣͬһ㣬չֳ
ͬʱҶɫս棬һӿ׹˸ǳѤ
ս𣿿ҵķһ¥ˣ
Ҷ۾ڵ貵⣬˺գڰ͸Ƶơ
ܿ죬ƵϿգҶ˷ܵĴЦ


508 ֮Σ

Ҷ쳩شЦţ
У׵ţҶЦΪڳЦʱŭֹһʮ׵磬Ҷ쵱ͷ
ȻҶս׷ǳӲ׵Ĺǳˡ
սףоת̫ʮʽҲҪҶ찵뵽
ս׵ķ֮תͲԶˣ̫ʮʽֻǼߡ
ҶںĲս׵ĳ֣Ѿ塣
ֻɹսף˵ûоתս̫ʮʽҶ죬ս׵ķöˡ
ȻڶҶõǣɹ֮ڿڴڸЩǿ׵繥似ˡ
׶졢̫ˣЩ似ȻȲϾתս̫ʮʽʤܶࡣ
ҶԺиڴ似ԽԽ˷ܡ
һֱҶĹȻȱǿĹ似ѪնѾ̭ˣڵĹ似ֻԴ׵ն˵ӡôŹ似ֱ档
ȻŹ似ǳǿκһŶҶɨͬף似̫٣ϾЩѿ˵ʱͻЩ鷳
ڣڿѧڴһǿ׵似ˣЩ似ԷӳֲĹ
ֻҪѧ֮Ҷ첻õܺɨͬףֶܴǿ似õĥ͸
һǿߣԲֻм似ëͷСӣʵ˵ӡ֮⣬Ἰʮǿ似
ҲˣҶˣŽ似ȫʵݡ
ںˣˣȿСôˣ
Ҷսףһҫ۵ĽɫâƵ
ںҪʮʱ䣬ż¶壬Ҳ֪Сôˡ
ҶЩģȥơ
ɳƵ֮Ҷ쿪ʼͷų˷ĵ̽ȥ
ȻҶͫһ
ЩôҶȻԶһ츽ͣһҾ޴󺣵Щ϶һ˸죬ǳа
˵Щ϶Ǻҿ٣ˡ
ЩͣƣҶͻȻɫһ䣬Ȼ̽Ӷȥһء
˲䣬ҶܵߵϢˣȻЩ
ˣҶ컹ܵ˶ƵϢЩںͶսһʰ˼ǿߵϢҶʱһ
ˡ
Ҷͺһ˻һ磬챬ȥ
ոɵһ׵似Խ廯Ϊһ磬ٶȿһ죬һЩǿߵٶȶҪ졣
ţ˭
˭
ÿٶȡã֪ͨϴ󣡡

Щôϻһĺһ˲͸ӦͷϿմ׵ʱһ
һ˲䣬ֻоһԼͷХ졣
Щ֮ҲǿʣʶȻ֪ǿߣʱľѣԼϴİΣ
Ȼ첻Ҷ죬ҶԶԶ˦ں档
ʱҶ죬ѾһƬɭ֮УƵӰֳܿ
ïʢĴɭ֮УһȺΧ룬سЦš
޷ǣΪܵһ߼۷ǿߵѾ˺ۣǶԷҪĥѾ˼ˡ
Сӣʵõ˵ŵĵӣҲˣޣһӣһ߹Ŷƣһ߲м˵
ҧŭΪԶǰѾɱˡ
ʱĶƣʵʵ߼Էȴ߼۷ǿߣԸǴ´ġ
Ҳֻƾ˵ӡǿ󹥻Է˼ʱ⻹ǶԷҪĥû֡
һ߼۷ǰһôʱ䣬ƾҲʸЦңƺ
ʵ˵ǳԼ˵ӡ˺ֽܶ࣬ʵ֮ǰȫǴ˺ܶࡣ
ƻ׼緢ȥҶ죬ҶӦòСˡ
û뵽ôͱһͷӴţҲ̫ˡ
ʸ񣿹СǵһγǺ̸ʲôǰ˭ȭͷ˭ϴ츳ٸΣ˵ţǾǷϲģȻȲȥˣҾһ̡ؼ
Ψһһֻ۾һĨȵ˷ܣʲôɱһŸˬˣ
ΪһǺĺͷӣɲὫʲôƽԾʲô۸ֻʵǿû츳ǿ
ǺһʵΪ˭ȭͷ˭ϴ
СȤǺҪƽޣһԵźֹЦƱԼĥںݺݵطйһԹ˿̸оǳ졣
Сӿ϶ǵһǺ
һé®Сӣ˵ŵĵӶ츳ٸΣֱһ׳գҪ츳ͿԳưǺˡ
ЩɵĵŹˣɱȲЩʬɱĺ

ΧĺǾԳЦ
Сͨ죬ҧгݣ۾صǡǣЩ˵Ķԣȷһé®Сӣս̫ˡ
˫Ŀ죬ҧŭסһģһ˿˿ֲĵ
˵ҲϵĻģӡүүҲǰ벽ȫһ
ıֻҪ벽ϵǿߣϿԸһˡ
ҲֻĶѣԼİΣ
ǿķģı˷ǰ߼ĺͷϣоһۡ
Ҫ֪ⱦ㹻ɱۼǿߣǼǧƷʯҲҪɱһۣǿȥ˷һϣǾ͵òʧˡ
ԣԥڡ
ɭؿ˶һۣЦô㻹ʲôֶʹ
ȻŶƻʲôֶΣĻᱻĥڣóˡ
磬ϻʲôɣźЩͷˣѾĥƣҲˣûʲôԸˡ
ðɣ˵ͷٴοƣкεķɱ⣬˼ӻҪȥ죬Ͳˡ
˵գϱһǿϢǵصغƵ
㡭ƶʱɫ䣬۾ɵϴŷֶʲô߼۷壬һʰ˼ǿߡ
Էһֱˣ
ȥɣһƵĿ⣬·ڿһˡ
ŸȥܵٽΣƴ֮лع׼ġ
ʱһҵĵâӲ֮ն£˲ͽһ룬ڴһ׵ľ޴󵶺ۡ
Ҷ磡ƱˣǺܿͿҶ죬ʱϲ
Χĺǣڴ֮УǸûзӦôһ˲䣬ǵϴ󣬾ôһɱˡ


509 Ϣ
ҶٶȺܿ죬ҪԶƳֵʱ򣬻Զһ˵ӡ
ҶʵʾżǿߣҲӲ˵ӡοʰ˼Ķ
û˿ֿ֮Ҷɱ졣
ȵҶ£ڶǰʱΧЩǣһڴ֮УһŷӦ
ϴ󣡡
磡
ôܣ
ǷӦһһ⣬һޱȡ
ղŵһĻ̫ˣĿУս޲ʤϴʰ˼ǿڣȻôɱˡ
·ɱһֻô򵥣һɱɡ
硪źֵؿҶűߵʬ壬ɫ䣬ɿɽĴ磬ôǰڶš
Уһֱ޵еġ
ԭˣҶʱҲźֵĴڣЩϤףʱ뵽ǺʱĵһȺ
ȻԷΪ˱ƣˡ
Сƣľͽˣ㲻ٷͬĴˣҶǳһĨЦݣǰϲĶơ
һ㶣ǺܿͷӦˣһɭؿź֣Цٺ٣ˮתҿ㻹ûл
ܣźֲɵӣڸܵȵɱ֮תӡ
ܵĺҲһһͬȳһɢߣǶʡǿߣɲǰ׳ա
ʰ˼춼Ҷһɱ˵ҶʵԿġ
ǿߣֻһ֣Ǿǡӡ
еĺжһҶͶֻˣܲܽһɱøɾ
ĽңǷӴܡ
ʵϣúܶԣһຣߣ춼ǺӰҶ컹Ĳܽȫ
ҶȴûзŹЩǿĺ弶ļĺҶһˡ
ױȵٶȣЩӲģܿͱնɱҶȡСеı
ͬʱҶɱͣڵ츽Щ滹ຣÿɱһЩȡһЩ
Ҷȱʯʲôȴʯ죿ǶԸЩҶһѹûУΪԷ͸
ҶΪʯɱǵʱ򣬶Ҳûţһź֡
һźûһຣԸˣڵĶƣʵһ¥һ˵ӡͽźð
˫ȫһȼ档
𡭡𡭡ɱңź־ˣЩӴܵĺǣг˾ʱ˭
ǰжڵʱܷ⣬ЩǶҵ
ڣˣЩæ
ŶһɣϷʵ˵ӽź֣źְ˿ʼ˼Ʋߵʱһҵĵâ˫źݺݵն
ͣ
һЪ˹ĲҽУԼֻյĴȣѪĵվźֵǰ
㡭㡭źԹ޵صŶƣû뵽ԷôֱӶ֣նֻȣʧȥһս
ڵңѾǸոճé®СӣԸĺʧȥս˵Ц
Ȼ߳˵Ųõ꣬Ҷĵ£Ѿʼһǿˡ
ڣ˵˵ˣɣ˵ŵӺǺͬԵĻᡣϷŰؿź֣һԿĺĵ׻ЩԹ޵ģҪĥһ¶Է
źִ˿Ѿˣ˫ץأȥֵ˵ɱңֻҪԸŹңʲôӦ㡣ģɱҡԸūҿĹһĵĹ
ǺĺɲϿЩɢޣǸûʲôǿߵϣֻҪܹǳĸҲϧ
һȺΪֶεǵʵɱ˺ӵģΪάԼϡ
һЦмɨźһۣߵҲҪһֻзϵĹûʲôˣҾ·ɣ
Ƹ߸߾𳤵Ѿĥˣ׼׽ź֡
źţغҸһܣǿ߶ģֻҪҡ
ôͼĻѻܹҷһ·ȻҵǸé®Сӣҿǻòͷˡش䳹ǣɲźֵĹ
ģ˵Ķģɱң϶һӵġܻδͳһ⡣źּƲţޱȵĽ
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ӦŹңźְ˿漴ϣؿơ
Ҫǲǰ㣡Ц
˵Ĵɣ㲻᲻ŵԵģǸ˵Ĩڣź˵·ֻġ
ƲмƲƲ죬ߵ㵹Ļģû˵ôȻҪɱ㡣
Բʧģźȴš
ٷϻ˵Ʋͷغȵ
źڨڨص˵ͷæ˵ʵҴ粻صģɱֻ㣬Ϊһ顣
ٷϻȥɣƾ𳤵ضź֡
𡭡źּˣ˷һӵʵĺӣҴȥӦ֪ӵʵˣжôǿ׼ΪӣӽɳǺᱻƿء
ź˵ʵʱƾѾˣ֮󣬸Ǹеš
ӵɫţûУŵһ
ӵʵţ͸ϡˣÿһһţɾҲ𼶱ǿߡ
ģôıõӣôп
Ҫ֪ӵ츳ţҲܳΪ𣬵ʵϣ󲿷ţʥһЩҲ˰벽ʥ
ϣţݴ½ľͷ׾ٵġ
˵ģһɵصź֣Ϣֱ̫ˣҪ֪Ѿܾûеӵʵ츳ˡ
Ҳ̫һ
Ʋ²ҶҲǣ̫࣬츳֪ɫꡣ
Ϊʵ̫ѼˣԶƲòźǲƭϾƫƧĵطɲݴ½ѵʵš
ǧȷ˵һ߰ĺӣûгΪߣȴѾ꣬һɫ𡣡źæ˵Ķˣʱܲô࣬Ҳϧˡ
ǿɲһΪƾ˵˵ˣǸӾǰһֱץסź֣źķȥ
Ϣ̫ˣ޷ҪȥҶ졣


510 
޴ôϣҶüͷŹǰǿߡ
ǵУҶõһ˵ϢΪ̫ˣ޷ǰ˵Ļ
Ǻһʵ𣿡
ҶҲһʵˣԷǳӵʵ츳Ƕô
ҪǣӵʣҺľѩһǾѵʵġ
ţֻҪ̤ٶȣֱ󣬿ʮ֮ڱضܹʼ
⻹ɢ޵˴ɣô֮ھܳΪʣʮܳΪۡ
֮ھܳΪ
Ҫ֪ҶѾʮˣҲһڰ֮ڽûѶȣǰ֮ڽǼֱ̫ˡ
дɵ׾ˣ츳һܽʣοЩӵʵš
һˣԲЩõҶ찵뵽ûƿӣֻǲϣӱãѵġ
ӣ˵ľʵģԷŹ𣿡
ĺų˼еҶ죬Щ˵
ҶûǣתͷķһϤϢǶơ
Ҷ磬ҵõһҪϢ֪׼׼ȷ̤ն£еźҲ
ţ֣
ĺʱ˫죬Թ޵صź֣Ϊ˸źֱҲ䵽³
ܣ
źֱֻȣ˶ʱЩֻǺ޲öƽźնˡ
Ҳòȥߣźֺݺݵصһۣڿ˭֪Լڵ¶ƷҲøϽǺһСطȥ
ن£Ͻ֪Ҷ˵һ̤źϣȵ
źֶʱԵͷҶ˵ҶӣҴǷ֮ȥѰһӵʵĺӡ
ȵȣҶԣʱĻЩϲʵ˵Ǹӵʵţǲڲŵ
ô֪»źˣһԱЦǿߺжʱˡ
ҶûǶŶЦ˵ˣϾ֮ǰһ𣬲ܱ֯ͬĻƭǡ
Ҷ磬ھȥŵ𣿡Ҳ˷ܵӵʵţһ棬ˣȻҪһ
²˳٣ֶˣ϶ȥŵԼȥҶ˵ͷ
أؿźˡ
Ҷӣ
ӣӦˣŹǵģ

ź˶ʱģš
ûһ㱾ǮˣֻڴҶͶƻŵԡ
Ҷ磬ҴӦź֡˱ҵģһ˿Ӱ֮ģԥһ£תͷҶ졣
û˵꣬һҵĵâ˸źֵԴĸ߸Ѫװ塣
Ҷ硭ƾһ𾪵ؿҶ졣
Ҳһ
˵˷ŵû˵ҪŹˣҴӦ˷ŹǣȻᶯ֣Ҷ쿴ƣЦЦ
ˣͫһһľ;Ŀ֮Уݺݵһ˵ӡ
ʱĺҲźֵĺ󳾡
סԵǶԼĲ̡ЩǺĺֵ²֪մ˶ĹЩ𣿡ҶĶƵļߵһԿʼޡ
˼ص˵ͷȻЩ񣬵֪Ҷ˵ĺܶԡ
ҲĸӲпᣬӦҶѧϰһ˲üᶨ
װɨɾ֮󣬶ԼҾ޴ôŲŵķ
»кܶຣûЩ뿪֮϶ȥ֪ͨҪ˶ãͻȥŵ
Ҫ֮ǰִŵС
һٶƷʯһȺҶ˿ջ񣬱Ϊջܴ󣬵û뵽һٶƷʯ
Ҫ֪ʮλǿߵܺ͡
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ȻСҲ⣬Ҷ㬵ʯ
ȻӵʵţôʱͲں磬½֮ٱչҲ١
Ҷ찵뵽
ںݲһŵģڴ϶УҪҸ徲ĵطչزС
ڣΪĻҶҪִŵ֮ǰҵǸӵʵĺӣʱû취չء

¡¡Զĺ򣬴һŭ
ֻԶԶȥһȻԶԦžκˣƬ֮ϡ
һȺ޴ĺӣͷһҴ󴬼ֱһСôӴɾͷźУǳİ
˵ǳưƬһ
˵֮Ǻ߶ǰһܵǺգһ֮ɨຣһӴо֮һ
ȫǷȻˣǻŻʲôȻϴһŭ
ţʬ屻˴ӴϸһǵЩӵĶ¡
޴Ĵϣһ̹¶Ĵ󺺶λ֮ϣŴɨһںǿߡ
ˣǾô죿ɱЩ֮󣬲ƽһЩɨһ£ʵ
ʱһӰվ磬ȥɣܹһɱ˴֮⣬Ҳֻܹõˡ
Щ磬ڳĺûһСΪǿһˣʾżڵΪĸСӳеǿһ
˳ơɱߣ
Ϊסˣûһܹ뿪Ǻ
϶ƾһɱǲжϳԷ׼ȷʵѾˣΪǸӣҾԶ֡Ƭ̣иһĨɫ
ϵһںʱеһ׺֮·ڲһ
ÿ˶ǺҪƽˣȻѾܾûжˣûǣÿ֣Ƭ򶼻ᱻѪȾ졣
磬㲻Ļʵע𣿡ɱü
֮ǰΪע⣬ŽɳģϾϢֻһ֪Ļ֪ôҲֻܸɵˡ
Ҫ֪о֮һһһܵļӣκһٶע⡣
ĻʣҲעģϾǺĴǶ˴˷
ܲôˣ´ӣӴȥݴ½ʲôΪһῴǺߵ
̴úܺãΪһŵġ常ԺҪȥݴ½չƧСط


511 С
ŵһ죬ȺһӵɵӴȺ
ûʲôԴȴΣвǺŲ
ʱĳ죬ĳεɽ֮Уһٸ滨꣬˵ſһʬš
Աߣһ߰Скúཱུ֣ģܿɰֻ۾شʬ忴
ô̫ɹƨˣСɻٸԲĴ۾УһƬ֮ɫ
СӵĻٸ޵Խˡ
ôĸôȥءٸһƬҰףһƬ
ҵǺʧȥɷ򣬾ʹʧȥ졣
ֺ洦ɼĵطǷһֱӵԸǺû취ȥΪĺ̫ˡ
ⲻΪСӵĲǷ˺ܾãǰ뿪ҵĵط
ϵ˺Ϊ˱ĸ뿪Ա꣬ǿʵ˵ˡ
ǲúԱ꣬Ҳȥˡ
ĸһ·ӵ˲ŵһٴźߡΪϴεĽѵѾףƾʵ޷뿪
㡭ԡԲ𡭡Ҳܡٱˡչ˺ạ̡́ǰٸһ뿪Ųӡ
Сӿٸ޵ģཱུС֣ٸᡣ
̣СӰСʱСüͷ˵
ءٸСӿ޵ĺġ

һҾ޴ôһһ꣬Ƭ
ǲŵҶüǰһ죬ʱһͷۣĵطҪҵһС̫ˡ
Ȼ̽ֻҪԷϢֻʵҲܱ̽ӣϾҲܵġ
Բ鿴һУȴ޷ʯ鿴ߣǴڵصףǿһɽѿõ
Ҷ磬ǸСԱ߿϶ϵǿػץסˡƳ˼Ƭ˵
СοǵĵǺҶЦŵ˵ͷǿػһûСӹ̽ӡ
ֻһѰˣ鷳Ƶ
еҪ鷳ɣҿЩͻƣҪչʮ죬ʮٻϣҶ쿼Ƭ̣˵
öʱû취ҵǸСʱԶԷʮΪҶҲֻ·
ֻҪɵڶں磬ΪʶôаնԸˡ
Ҷ磬ͻϲ
㶼һҲһˣ򶼱˦ԶˡҶЦ
˵ֱҶһϣһʱʼеڶںϡ
򵽴ţѰǸӵʵСк߼ʵֻҪ£һƬٻж֡
ͬʱŴŲŵųϢΪŵиɢ޻ɱµĶҪ
Ȼ⻰Ųţùˡ
ЩˣΪɵĻʣȻڱ˴ţûС
ھ֮УҲֻпľٶЩɻ˰и
֪Լ϶ע⣬ⶼ֮УֻҪĻʲ֣ҵǸСкϾ뿪ƬĹطʱĻʷҲҲ

ģһ̱Ǵߵġ
İɣһչ˺̵ģ̽Ϊǿߣһ㱨ġ
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ɽ֮УٸʬСƶǶع¿ͷֻ۾һƬԺ
ԣٸοСӵСԴ˵̣ӽ쿪ʼͿʼ䣬ӦһҪ͵
ҶˣҪ⣡С̧СԴڴ˵
ٸʱ
˵ʵĸ㲻ԼĺӣɷԣǺ츳пܾǴ˵еš
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Ŀǰ˵СһҪʮͷ޵⣬ٸʱ룬ԼôСӣôСɽһСģ
ϧעһգٸ֪Ϊʲô
ԳԳԣ֪ԣҽ䣬ûɽĹΣԷٸعǳ
ǰСӺܺãû˸ף֪ԼҪϸС治֪ʲôʱܳΪߡ
ء
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СӶʱ޵۴УȻԺȴϲ޲֣Ψʱĺһ޴֡
ˣˣ͸㿾⣡ٸε˵ԽԽͷۣĺӣҲǱˡ
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ûãһͷٸޣͱСӳԵøɸɾ治֪ǸСôװôʳġ
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Ҫ֪ÿ˶ͽ翪ʼʵǰ壬Լ嵮ǿꡣ
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512 
ڰɽ˸ϽɫĹâһҵ磬һš
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˵ǱչصҶ졣
ʱҶںϵʮС磬ܹС磬ѾӾʮٵ˰ʮһˣֻһڶںˡ
ϴһһСںϣѶϵʮ౶ʹñǳɵҶ죬ͷ˺ˮ
ҿ壬ʹӼˣڶں²ô򵥣
Ȼͷ˺ˮҶȴû˿ģϴһʼͷ󺹡ڵеѵĸоѾǿܶˡ
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ţţóԣһҪСӺܿͿһֻȣ۰Ͱ͵ؿٸֻ۾ڴ

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ϵĺǶʱеһ񺮣ҪѪϴŵвˣŵˮҪȾˡ
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ʱսٶȼӿ죬ٱ۶ȥ
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ţóԣóԣҶã
óͶԵ㣡
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ϵ̲סջ͵͵شƲ֮˳СɢһƬ»
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ʹ޸ˣҶͶ˳ԵԽʹˡ
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˵ţָԼţΪСӣ
۸̴㣡Сӿɹܲô࣬شһ㽫ֻСȭͷݺݵغ򺣵ؿϡ
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514 ͽ

һƬžֻСӻؽеߣ۸̴㣡
ԶɽУҶͶҲһ𾪡
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ܣʥҲ˵ӵʵˣѪҺǽɫģֻдﵽ񾳽磬ܷԪɺɫҶҡҡͷΪȻԿóСڵѪҺǺɫġ
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䣡
ȻԶУһ졣
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515 ֮ս
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ٶˣҶæסСӵ۾Ȼһţɱߵʬ߳졣

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һһŮһۣε̾˿ڲܺ棬Ҷڵĵ졣

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ΪԶˣ۾է䣬׺ݵĵâγһֵ󣬱ҵĹâҶˡ
䣡
Ҷֳǧɵâֱգ˺˵󣬼ɱܡ
һֲݿ࣬춯أòܵƤ˽гأҲһ˿һĴ⡣

ǺʲôʱǿߣȻһ㶼ռϷ硣
ڻ˵Ͼ˵Ҳ֪ģûʩչȫ
ʵΪȴֻʶֱǾš
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519 쵶ӡ
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УҶĿˣÿһ缡ɫĹâſʮС磬߶׵֮ǵ˸
׵նҶһ͵رͬ˺Ѳ񷣬ƴĵâЯ׵֮һ񷣣ݺݵܡ
ǳǿƺͰԵǺ˾ҶҲһ޵еģڵӣâе̫Ҫʢ
쵶ĿҵĻ𻨣͵شһͷų޾ĹâһѰҫ۵ıһɹɻ֮ܲա
ʮİѻ˾ɱ󣬽ҶС
Ҷ׵նȻҲֻ˺ʮѻȻܵʮѻΧ
쵶Ȼ鴫ҶһЦ춷ϷһսҲʶ似Ͼܲ³϶ǳ쵶š
뻹洫ӡ
һ쵶ŵ洫ӣȻǺ˺⻹ǰδа
ܹҵ쵶֮£ҲԺˣЦһʤӣɵָʮѻҶ졣
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¡¡һ׵Ű񷣬ޱߵ׺ķض׵֮
֮
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֮Ĳܣ۾Ҷ죬ͫ͵һЩŵصһ
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һš
˲Ȼܵ˾޴вҶоתʵǿ󣬿ܶԷҲɱ˶Է
û취תķټǸ׵սףֱ޵ˡ
ֻܶһˣһԲκλڣһƳһ۲ԶһһŮкһ
һܣ֪һеˣ϶ˡ
ǱҶƼˣǾԲʹһеġ
գܺݺݵضҶ죬ɭСӣ츳ȷ㲻ҡٸһλᣬǸӣҿԷ뿪
ҪǲӦأҶЦϲųҵ׵֮һ񣬽䣬Ӳ̬
ȥɣܴȣһ̤ӸµسҶ죬˫âʢµƣ·Ҫѹһеˡ
ͬʱʮİѻνһ㣬һѽһѣһＸʮɳľ޵
˵һƥĵ⣬ֱӶ񷣬µƣƲ㣬ض𶯡
һ˲䣬շƱɫ׵˸޵ͨ쳹أɢһɰѹ
ǡҶɫһ䣬˶оһɾ޴ѹ·𱳸һɽƵģȥ
ǰѹ˷ȥԶһһŮҲУʵҶ죬ʱֵصգݺݵˤڵϡ

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ۼǿߣҲֻеͷų
Сӣһ쵶ӡ쵶ǿ似ܹһ֮£޺ˣ
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쵶ŵͽ԰ɣҶЦ
֪Խ࣬Խ죡һ䣬ֳž޵Ҷ졣
ʱޱߵķƶŲܻ۶һɹɿ͵Ҳž޵ۣǳҵĵâһӱ˼ǧɡ
ԶԶȥ·һ쵶ᴩ񷣬ͨ쳹أأƥ
˵ӡû뵽쵶ӡľѧصӦûеصӡˣ֪ʲôӡҶ۾һУ˲쵶ӡصӡ˵ӡһžѧܹȫѧᣬ¾ʥ۷弶似
صŵĵصӡȷϧҲˡһЦǾ޴ĵ·ڶһ㣬ΧһУҶŰ
ǧɵĳҵâɢųʢϢƵƥܣֱӽҶûˡ
ŵڲ
Ŷǲ֪쵶ӡҵ˵ӡأҶЦһ˲䱬ҵĹâһɲĵ춷ǹɰ絶һ㣬ɨ˻ģ¡
⡭ͫһΪ쵶ŵӣ춷ĵȻǳϤһӾ͸Ӧˡ
ͬʱҶ˵ӡҲޱȡ
˵ŵĵӣܵɴ۾𾪣ʲôʱ˵ųֲţôû
֪̫ˣҶһ˶һ޵񷣬ӭܡ
ԶԶȥ޵Ȼײ˭Ҳ˭ҶĸʵһЩ·һ˿
ֻܵΣ
ߣ˵ӡôҾͲʶΪܹ˵ӡĶôܺܿžԵţϾΪӽˣ쵶ӡȲ쵶ŵЩϣҲ˶ˡ
ҶţΪҲͲʶ²˵ӡɣĳ̶ȣᶷù쵶ӡ
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ǿҪʧˣҶЦǻɶƣǿܱȲϲܣ˵ӡǶԴڵġ
˭ǿɵڣɽʦү
ò֪Ҷ˵ӡǶԴڵģƨ֨һϵͷܵˡ
ɣܿŽǰҶ죬г˱ɱ⣬֮ɫ
ҲȥɣҶһЦܡ
ͬһײһ
䣡
һ̣ض·ըѿһֲ׻ҪڲŵϿձ
һ˲䣬һɹƥӱըŰݿһ㳯˷ϯȥ
Ҷڵĵ죬еľʯɽޡȵȣȫݻˡ
·ĩһ㣬춼һನ֮£Ƭû˺֮С
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쵶ӡȻ鴫ܽˣҶ̧ƣԼĿһѪۣǳҫۣľ
Ҫ֪ľתѾ˼ߵĵزܸ˵ˡ
ͣ
ҶĻ֮󣬲˲һѪɫ԰ޱȡصҶ죬г˲š
㵽˭


520 Ļ
𺳵صŶҶ죬һƬԷȻ˵ӡ˿µĵزЩ˵ŵĳ϶Ҫǿܶࡣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
˭㻹֪ҶһЦ޵ٴɱܡ
ش֪ҶĶ֣ﻹҼҶսתӣٶȷǳ죬һӾʧʡ
ӵ𣿡Ҷ΢΢һĨ
¡¡޾׵֮˷ӳȥҶ磬ܾþ׷һǱĲܡ
֮ٶȶʱӱȲҶ졣
ǺҪһˣҶ伥кâ˸һҵĵâŲն
δȫ쵶ӡԿҶ˵ӡ
вײµನնڲ֮Щ춼ˡ
ŵһƬǽ壬ܵЩǣҲһسӴܣҽӽΧ
ɶ񡭡ҾˣҲܣܱҶƵΣŭһȼڵľѪ˵ӲصסҶ˵ӡ
ãӣҶ첻ϲȫʩչ˵ӡһܡʱ˼ţȫòܵӣӸ˵ӡ
似Ƕ贫ڸģҪҶģҪٽһҶҪ໨һ
ͬȼ쵶ӡΪ֣ҶһĥԼ˵ӡĺûᣬһδײ֮о˵ӡˡ
¡¡ҶĲ൶Խ˵ӡ϶ҲԽԽˡ
䣡
ȻҶԺһоԼĲ൶⣬һȫµľ硣
ǴԲ硣
ԴˣҶɱ¾⡢̫Բ󣬲൶Ҳ˴Բ硣
ԲҶĵһ¥һµĲΡ
ãҶʱޱȼ˷ܵĴһ˶ҵĹâ̫ͬһҫۡ
һ̣һɸӿֲĲ൶ڱгһֱƲ񷣬ء
˵ӡɰĲ൶£ǵâǼǧɣҫ۵Ĺâϵ̫޹ˡ
ܵ˵ӡֱӱֲһ˺ѣǺƴĵâ಻治࣬ݺݵغϡ
ܷһҽУʵС
ˣ
˾Ȼˣ
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ֵǿܡ

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Ҷ첢ûɱܣɳףڲܵҾ޴ս档
䣡
ܱҶˤڼװϣһ̫ˣȻڻ֮УһҲһ
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һ˲䣬ҶϲܲǺĺͷӣСдƷʯǳ࣬һǧٶ
ڽʶҶֻʣٶƷʯˣһӱǧƷʯ⻹һʺơ
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֮Ҷһ߲鿴Ųܵıһ߽ѾתĶƺ˳һֱҪСӡ
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⴬ǡȴע⵽ǽµսò˵ŮʼҪϸһЩ
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ƺܿͷӦˣɴ۾Žµս˼˵Ҷ磬⡭ⲻİɣ
˵;ˡ
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ǿһλʮǿ߰
ĪѾ֪ҶԽ߰˼û˿ѹǵۿһʶߣһʮ߸ˣеݡ
ҲŴС죬ŵؿҶ죬û뵽̵ʦôзǳˣʦ̽϶Ϊǿߡ
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ûᴦ֮еˣҶȻһиһ˿˷ܣһһԵĶƺ˵ЩҪչһʱ䣬ʱ䲻Ҫҡ
Ҷ磬ȥչذɣڳҴֻҪĻʺľϿǺˡЦ˵
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˵ͷܵһԸСӿȥˣܿҲжСȫСһһʦԺˣֱ˵ֺǺǵġ
Ҷ߽գȡһ飬Ȿķ֮ϣȻɫĴ֣â˸
쵶ӡ
Ҷ켤Ҫһû뵽ϾȻ쵶ӡ似Ҫ֪쵶ӡһҲ˵ӡѧ似ֶһǿ󹥷ͨˡ
ˣ쵶ӡ˵ӡԼصӡһͳһʥ׾ѧʱ쵶ӡ˵ӡԺٵõصӡôʥ׾ѧĹˡ
ɲͬڱֲȱ似һʥ۷似ӳǲȱıҪǿˡ
ԣҶеļ֪
Ե죬֮䣬ԿΪ˻
ᷭ棬Ҷʱͱ쵶ӡ似ˣʱһ
Ҷѧ˵ӡ˵ӡ˵һ˼ǵҲˣﵽ˵е֮ǳĿ£νһļˡ
쵶ӡȫ˵ӡ֮£ΪֻҪƬصκһһҶһһľԿΪ
ʩչ쵶ӡʵ䵽³ˣȻҲǲܵޣûн쵶ӡɣֻһƤëѡ
ʵҶ첻֪ǣ쵶֮У쵶ӡҲ˶ѣһֶֻĳ
϶߼ϵǿߡ
ѾˣõĻѪħ쵶ӡôͲҪʲôˡ
Ҷ֪쵶ӡһҪѧᡣ


521 ֮
쵶ӡΪֻҪ似ҶժƬҶժһ仨һݣܳΪ֮նɱˡ
־̫ˣҶ춼ЩҲʲǲ쵶ӡ˫ΪĲ࣬Ҷ¾ӮҲǲʤ
似һ쵶ӡһ˵ӡ˫˭棿
ҶӣĿʢ
о似ȫΪģΪѾ൶Բˣ˵ӡ쵶ӡǷ޵Դ似
Բ൶Ϊ似ӦûӦ֣ܹɡ
գҶϥ۾ؼĹʼ
쵶ӡ˵ӡصӡһ似˴֮䣬϶Щϵ
ҶѾ˵ӡɾ磬൶Ҳ˴Բ磬쵶ӡѶȵȷǺܴ
ĿھһӾͿˣܿͽ֮С
ʱһɹȵĲ൶⣬Ҷȫ£ޱߵĵ⺣֮С

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ܿܣȻǲŵΧȴûһˣҶҲˣЩҲˡ
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Ҷ죬Ȼ춼ûңһģ˷֮£ݺݵ
漴̽СУ׼óһЩҩָơϾ˵̫ˣʲô۵ĺǿܾˡ
ܵһ̽С֮У˶ʱסˡ
⡭⡭ôܣֱܵ۾ԼСУȻһƬյģʯûˣ˵Щ˵ҩˡ
˭ҵĶ
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ΣһҪ㸶ۣҪΪǿҾκβ㣡ɭЦܿ뵽һյļƻ
ڴ֮ǰҪȻָƲС


֮УҶ͵۾³һ˶ʱˬˡ
ˣȻֻСɾ硣һ˵ӡͲ൶ӣ쵶ӡֱ˳˳ˮ
Ҷϲɫ̧ƣһԼͷâңָǸͷʱͬ磬Ŵȥ
䣡
һ̣ǸͷΪ޾Ĺâһµĵâб񷣬֮ȫ貵ĵâ
ҶԼˣֻһͷѣʩչ쵶ӡ֮Ȼ˿ֲ
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ҲϽСӣŴȥҶȫϾҶɱˡ
ˣû£ղŪĶҶʱ߳գĶư˰֣Ц
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ҪҲ漴룬ɴֻ۾۰Ͱ͵ؿҶ졣
ҶȻ֪СʲôֱóǱؼӸЦȥɣҳ˵ǰ棬û൶⣬ºѽ似ɹȽ˵ӡСɾ磬쵶ӡ
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˵֮󣬾ڴؿҶ졣
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šҶԿ㣬ƼԷеڴҡҡͷ˵ûУҷһ
ˡ
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ҡҡʱ˵֪Լ嶯ˣҶ˵ĲǲŸʶãĸѾĪĶˣƾʲôñ˸Ǳ
գԴԡԲ𡭡˵Ϳˡ
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Ŷ̧ͷжʱмؿҶ졣
̹Ҷ콫õСӵݹȥȻʵ֪ʲô𣿡
鿴ãֻСһɫ꣬СӵȫѪⶼ޾
ΪˣСܴ󣬿ڼǿߡ
ֻҪСӿöôϾܳΪһڼߡ
Ҷ컹ûзСʲô츳Բ²һʡ
ȻҲ츳ĻôôҶˡ
֪㿴һСӣЦҺо˺ܾã˺ܶ伮Ҳʡ
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Ҷ磬Ҿ̿ӵд˵е֮壡ʱ򣬶£Դ˹˵
ҶЦЦ֪Сӿ϶ǿؼԼʱѧ쵶ӡԲһͷɥӡ
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ԶƺΣԷϾ˵ŵСĵ伮Ҫö֪࣬ҲȻࡣ


522 ֲ
֮˲áƴ˹һ˷ܵ˵
ٷϻϽ˵ص㣡Ҷһۣ˿⣬ֱƶʱҭ۽УСֱֿЦţҲݸһЦ
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ӵ֮˶ǳԻ𣿡ҶƳһۻڿȵСӣɵʵ
ϲԣΪҪָСӣĽ˵Ҷ磬ҲˣȫѪⶼЩȥѪ⣬ʵڷֽӶѪգŻôǿ󡣡
ڵһʯȫֻҪ̤ôΪһǧʮ֮ڣسʣ֮ڣسۣ֮ڣԿԳΪǧ֮ڣܳΪʥ
һĽʺޡ
Ҷ𾪡
һԵ־ϲʱ䣬Ҳ֪˶Ƶݡǿ˵ŵ˵Ļ϶ġ
ĶӣҪΪʥĳǿߣһλʥ;üޱȡ
ǲҪ̫Ҹղ˵ֻͳɾͣҲ˵⿿Լһ˶ǧ֮ҲΪʥƿƲסϵĽ֮ɫ
˵ҶΪʦҶĵ£ʱ϶ࡣ
С˵ô࣬ûи֮嵽ʲô֮ܣҶһ¶ƵԴߵ
˵𣿾˵ԴҶһۣҪӵ֮ˣֻҪ̽ˡ
Ҷ۾һæʵ˼ǣʲôֻҪӵȥ֮󣬶ܱգ
ǺǣҶˡЦ˵ЩѪ⣬Щĵرʯܳȥ
Ҷʱˣӵ꣬ҪһʯҲҪٵʱ䣬Ҫʱ͸ˡ
ֻҪȥˣҪֱתΪԪʵ
Ҳ˵ֻҪ㹻ʯֻҪľϣôΪһΣҲ̫ţˡ
Ҷ춼Ľ֮ɫ
찡㾪ôҲһǿߣȻ׶˵˼
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ġص˵Ϊӵ֮ˣٶ̫ˣǵԸʵٶȣӶ߻ħΪһֻ֪ʵһеħͷ֪Ǹӵ֮ˣȻɱߣǳˣڰ֮ھͳʥ𶯡
Ҷɫ䣬ʯĵرЩгɵߣ̺塣
ңĶԪӵ֮ˣֻҪߣֱӾԼ
ֻû뵽Ǹӵ֮ˣȻ඼ԣҲԵȥ
ɫҰףæ˵ҲҪ̳ߣĻԸΪߡ
ȻϣԼĶӳΪһľħͷ
Ҳ̫ģֻҪḶ̵̌Ȼưο
ҶһҲͷκʶûдģֻҪḶ̵̌ȻǸ˵·
ǡ㻹ЩģǸ¼ǳ֣ϣԼĶӳΪˡ
ģһ·ӡΪûܽĻԾܸϡҶ˰ֵ
ҲɫһЩ̺СĿȾ̽;Բ·
áãһĽ̵æ˵ӣȻҴ⡣
Ҷ˵ͷǵĽ̵£ǲΪħͷġ
ţҶͻȻһƵô˵֮϶Ƕˣ
ȻƵ˵ͷЩź˵ȻǶʣЩ⣬ҲֻԽսʤˡ˵츳Ϊ棬Խս滹Ȳҡ
ɲƶԽļսʤˣЩͽ׵ʣܹԽ߼սʤˡ
ľѩĶʣ߿ԽżͶԽ߼
˵еʮǿʣǿԽʮսʤˣ޵С
νʧеãȴǷתҶȴһϵĵ˵ͷӵ֮ˣٶȼֱһʣԼ༶սʤˣôʲôʮǿʶǿܶࡣ
һϾܺɨݴ½ûһĶ֡
ȫƽ⣬ܻʡ
ʣô˵תսҪΣѾһΣֻǰҪʮֵͽʵľѪˡ
Ҷйâһ
תսҪ׶Σһ׶ҪֵͽʵľѪڶ׶ҪʮֵͽʵľѪ׶ҪһֶʵľѪ
ֻʮֵͽʵľѪˣȻ࣬ȴ½˺ܶࡣ
ֻҪ㹻ʯͿڡ޴ڡõˡҶЩʮֵͽʾѪӴ󣬵ôҲȲһֶʵľѪǽλĲࡣ
ҪЩҪʯһ֡ڣϿԼٵ֮һˣɸҶѹ
᳤ҵļ۸һֵͽʵľѪҪļ۸һƷʯңڲʮƷʯ
Ҷ찵뵽ˣڻκһֵͽ׵ʾѪ
ʯֻǧƷʯЩƷƷʯҲǧѡ
ҪأʶҪһǧƷʯ
ûмڣʮڵʯǱ۾ˡ
ʯȱľʯҶһЦȻľԽߣҪԴӿֲ
˵еʥǿߣʯ˵ѾûˣֻһЩĵرá
ԣʥ֮ٶȷǳҪһ
ȻҶûǵԺôȥŪһЩʯ˵ѪԼõʯҲһӴְ
ҵǺһغˣ
Ҷ۾ڵһâ
֪ǣʱһϢǺݿ⽫ĪΣ
ȻΣͻ档


523 Ϣ
ǵһ޴ĵ죬Ǻٵĵ졣
ǺΨһһûɱ¾ĵطΪš޴ڡԲɱ¾ڡ
ν˵ĵطС޴ڡǵǲڵġȴǱһλ޴ڡǿߣʩչͨǿһ޴ĵ죬Ϊ޴ڡǺķֻᡣ
޴ڡǿ֪ЩʥءԺǣοǺĺ
ԣǵǺȫĵطǺǺߣѡｻƷ
ҲͳǺĽг
ͬҲǺ߾ۼĵطǧ˾ۼʹﷱ١֡
ʱǵһҾ¥֮УںȾ졣
ι˵𣿾֮һɱˣ˵˽Ҷ죬ǸɢޣʵֱĻʡһ󺺵˵
ݸһʱɴ۾һ֮ɫôܣǾ֮еǿߣĻĴڣ˭ɱ
Ҳ˵ģ£Ӧòƭҡ˵
£ݸһۣæô˵ɱˣģ˵˵ô£
ʱ˵Ľ̸Ҳ˾¥˵ע⣬˶ιֵܿ˵ȻˣǾĴϢ
Ǻ󺺵سܱ˱ȭһ˵ģ£θһȥѰһСȴһǿߡԼˣµļСӳҲˣҲˡ
˼˵ģЩţҪ֪Ƿǳģˣ˵ҥòͷ
СĪȥʲôСݸɻ
ʱȺ֮еһ˾ȵ֪ˣǰʱҵõϢ˵Դȥŵˣľܹעֻû뵽ȥһС
֣СʲôⲻɣȻȥһһǿߣ
ˣΪѾ˼ĴӣԼ¡

Χ۷׷ס
ʱһЩǱĺ˽һЩƲˣΧۣʱȵǲµòˣҵʱڳ
УڳܻŻ𣿡
ͷ˴ţƣٺ٣
Χ˳Ц
ǸǱĺʱһͨ죬ߡ
ʱǸվ֣֣½㣬û뵽㻹š
½ѣǸֵĺȵվЩ˵½СҲţ
˹˷ܵǰСӸƵģû˵ˡ˵˵׷ʲôˣôˡ
˵꣬󺺻Χ˴ֵǣλֵܺλһ£϶֪
һæ˹֮ǰǼЦˣҲ
ֵһЦұ˵ģϾϵ̫󣬲ֹһӳȥֵ÷зԸҲʲô
ôһ˵˸ڴˣ¥ϰ嶼һ˹
ֺ˱ƣһ£һ˿֮ɫ˵ҼµһĻǱһսϣͻȻ֮䣬ɱϴʬԴˡ
ʲôɱߣ
˾ɱߵǺߵجΡ
ɱѾˣȺв¶˷ܵĿ⡣
ɱߵʬ壬ŭСӳԸϹȥˡּ˵ϳ˾֮ɫǲҿʲôһ쵶쵶һ˵ġˣһ쵶նɱˡ
ҵʱ뺣ףͺһˣ˭Ҳͣ˶ˣٶҲǸ˵Ķ֡
Щµ˵
Χ˶źûпһս;ÿ£ǿǾ֮һôնɱˡ
ֵܣ㻹û˵ΪʲôҪǸСʵ
Ҳ治ѣΪ֮һôĪȥһСˡ
¶һ˿ԥ¹ϵ̫һ治Ҹǡ
û˵ͱ¥ϰϣϰߴٵλС磬˵ɣֹһӳȥᴫȥġ
ǡֻЩԥ
ˣֻҪԸǣһˡˣԺֻҪҶۡϰ˵
Ҳ԰ֵܣûᣬɲܷŹ˵Ҳܸ򡣡
ֱ˵ѪڣҧҧȵãֽȥˣҲˣ˵ȥҲʲô
˵գڴĿУһԼǰһͬ鷢һСС˶ˡ
Сʲôر𣿡
Ī˽ӣ

˼תһߴٵ
ɨһۣ˿һһ˵ΪСӵʣһӵʵţ֪ʲô𣿡
䣡
˻һ¥ʱһƬȻ
˵ˣ˶ˣһӵʵţһûгɳСʲôýֺҲܲ³
ѹϧԶ֡
찡ϢҪǴȥǺڵġ
˵ǿ߶Ϲ
ҪǴݴ½¶ǿ߸
ԤУǺҪˡ
ҪǵչأҪ˶ãһȷѪꡣ

ߴߴţ¥һƬв߼˳ȥ˷ܵӡ
ɨɨ˵飬΢΢һ˿Цݡ

ǵһͷ
һźۣɴӣڴϵˡ
ûãһǱĺҴҸǸھ¥֮и̸۵֡
ôӳ
ˣһжķԸףҪգҶͻǺֵ˵
ܺãϴɣԺĸСӳ֮һ˵ţȡһƵ˹ȥЦף㣬϶ӳ
ҪлЯּؽӹƺݺݵعһڣ˷֮ɫ
ôûб¶˻ŵϢɣӽӹƺЩʵ
ֵͷ˷ģһ¥˵ˣ֮ǰҲй¶Ѿ˵ϢֻҪҲ˵û֪˻š
ţĲص˵ͷֽ˵ȻҺԸ㣬ҸԸһˣֻһˣܾԵرܡ
һ㶣漴ƺ뵽ʲôȻͫһָǾƺӵ㡭㡭
û˵꣬־ͷ˷ۣ˼װϡ
ĺӣֻΪСӳɱ㣬Ҳɱ㡣ҡͷһ̾һžͰֵʬ˴
ʱһϤսԶʻ
ͫһܿ͵ͷһԦСս
Ҷ磬ղǸһƺɱˣҿǸߵˡսϣƶҶü
ҶƳһС˰ֵǺܳǲᡣ
СϣӻǺֱԶǵ֮󣬲źݺݵ˿һƨ˵ϡ


524 Ļ
û뵽ǾȻǵһҡڵؿ˵սŰ
ҲŵıǮһֱĻʵǿߣҺûзҡ
ҲãýϢȥǵҪˣٺ٣

ؿһۺ󷽣ȻԦСʧޱߵĺϡ
ǵǳӴͬһԶžޣſںϣɢһɰƣ˲ȻȻ
ϣһߴĽȫһȡֵϣɽ˺һߣ粢ż磬ַǷ졣
ҶԦսͷͣȻƵսֵĽֵȥ
ǲԶһЩؿҶ켸˵ıӰһźҴһ
ǡս
Ǽ˭ôս
˵϶׽֮ˣǻΪ

Щ߻֪ѾҶ조ɱˡϢĻ͸ˡ
ǣСӵС֣ҶȺ֮УһЦŽ̸һߴܵ顣
û뵽ҵǺֵĵطˣŽ㣬ǰôûҪﶨӣͷĹˣԵ÷ǳ档
ӣǵĵƤһҲ뵺ĵƤˣƾССʸӡԿЦ
ڨڨر죬ҲеߣǺֱǴ½ɫɱ˾ˣǵˡ
֡١
̤ϿĽֵҶһ··һһСϡ
ʵ󣬡޴ڡνصȻĵطŪһٵС
ʦ磬ҶˣûҶǹãСӵĶӱ㷢öȻڽˡ
Ҷ˵εضһۡ
ˣҸطס¡Ҷ˵գһҿջȥ˶һӣʹס
ҶڿջϢʱǵϢѾ˷ݳȥ
ĵطҪһЩʱܴǵȴֻ˰Ĺ򣬱˾֪ˡ
һʱ䣬ǵˣһ죬ڵһʱõϢ˸ĪĹâ
޴ڣ
ǵġ޴ڡ᳤һλǿۣ֮Զ뵺޴ڡ᳤ͩĵܵܡ
ˣǱҶɱģҶҪִǵˣǺǣȤ֮Զ֪Ϣ֮жʱһâ
ǰʱ䣬뵺ĸ紫Ϣ˵иҶҪＴǺչһ¡
綼ˣ޴жǴʵȨҵλûǿŵġ綼ôӵˣҵ֪Ǻηʥ
֮Զۣ漴ԸȥҶ䡣
ͬʱһϵĸ֮ۡУһҲ֪Ϣ
ǸˣǺǣãĺãǱõϢǴİӾǾ֮һĵ
ΪȻõģҲõģ˾Ϊµĳޡ
ϧǣʵܻ࣬ƾ쵶ӡһЩҵʩչ쵶ӡս˼ζǲʤ
ˣǺһǿˣȻޱȡ
ˣ˾ˣǸСһԵĺӵ
۾һУߵôҲ̰ģ
ˣ˭Ϣ̰ģǾ㱣סǸӣݴ½Щɣ»رһ֡гȵĹâ
ߣҲҪܲУƬ̣漴ҡҡͷߵǵ֪ϢΪܹõǸСҹĻʿ϶
ңԷܹɱȻҲɱҡ
ʱ򣬻õԽãҲһʤ
ٺ٣һη粨֮󣬿˵Ҳм϶䣬Ļж䣬ôճĵֵ̣ҳˡ
ɭЦ
ӢȻЩʣҲֻܵͷϾûе֣ƾȥҲǱɱĻ
һĻҲǵطţܵ˵ǵ滹вǿϧһ⣬ҳ֡
ϾˣĻ⣬˭ҳ֡

ңԶĺϣһҲ۵СУһڽ̸š
ˣȫˣҪһ£Ǻ֪ҶĴӹ˵
ܺãص˵ͷҪסѾˣڵңֻһɢޡ
ǣˡ֮ɫ
ܿԶʣһЦ֮ɫߵҶ찡Ҷ죬ʲôıһҿһ֮ԿǺ
ߣȥǵ˶ΪˡǶܾˣ˵ܳûˮ㣬ٺ٣
ɭЦ

ʣ
һҿСսϣһɫս׵Ȼվڵӣ貵â
С̫Ҫˣ
ɫս׵꣬΢΢¶һĨŵЦݡ
һʳ̫ӣιұйģ䵽ǺΪһ
ǻʳ̫ӣʣԴԶǺĺ
ڼ֮£վǺ۷壬ΪĻ֮һ˳̫ӡ

û뵽ǺȻʵŵǺĳ֮Уһҷۺɫսϣһٸָϲɫ
ŮʣǺĻ֮һǺǿŮˡ
ԴŮأݴ½ӦǳĳɣΪһǺǿʵһΪĻ֮һ
Ҷؾ֮УСŮˣ
ŮʺڷīǷɭȻЦ

Сʣ
ⲻʧɢĵܵ𣿡
ٺ٣£ƶͯڼˡ

һҹ¶Сϣһ߰СѪɫӣЦš
ǧССΪĻ֮һƶͯӣΪħ߻ħԲ䵽ⷬģ
С棬ȴǺĿֲ
Ļ֮УƶͯСԲġ

ߵСϣһ걧ԴĴײС
ϣɢֲõ·ߺͺҽӽ
Ҫңûţ˻
ûõģѲңΪѾѧҵĽһа
㡭޳ܣȻֱɵֶΡŭ
ˣҺ϶ΪһǺΪһ壬Ҫ˰꣬Ҿһǰʵ¾ݴ½аջ
ҲңʥΣѾˣһлѣҲûţᶨ˵ֻ۾һӱѪɫ
һԹģ˵ǸҶͬһطҲһţҾӦñ˵أа˵
㡭ʲôЩˡ
ɱҶ죬㱱ʮ˹һ˵ݣǱʮ˹ţû˱ȵ㡣аɭȻ˵
ͫһŭش
ߣ˳ƽʣλǺĻ֮һ
Ļ֮У޿ǿһΪһǺɱĻ֮һħʣӶȡλá
ʶ½ʡ


525 ̫
ӦòԿʼںˣΪ˱һ㣬ȥ޴ڡ˵ʲôһ֮
ջһҶ컺ӣڵޱȵͬ棬Ϭƥ
ת壬ѾԵں߳ɰգЩúõܽһǰںľ飬Ѿ˰˾ųɡ
ϣգҶѾԿʼںˡ
Ϊ˱һ㣬Ҷȥǵϵġ޴ڡ˵кܶ౦ﶼǿȣǰ뵺ûʯ𣬵ںôҲǧʯˡ
ңҶɱôʣıʯ֮⣬ĵرǻвټ
Щڡ޴ڡȡʯҲǧϣϾЩɲˡ
ȵںɹҵΪܽʱֻҪۼϵĶ֣κҶ޾ˡ
ҶĿš
ƿӣ¥ݣպöƺĸѾڳԷˡ
ȥ޴ڡҲãϵһƷʯһûˣЩΪȻҶֵĻᶼûˡ
ҶҪȥ޴ڡƾ˫޳ɡ
һڡһԵԣŴС죬ֱ뵱֮Уһ뵽ƵݣҲ̹Ȼˡ
ҶҲЦ˱˰˼ʯûȴҪ
һ߳ջֱ޴ڡ

ǵƺ֮ǰҪ࣬˶Ҷһǰ޴ڡҶɻѡ
򼸸ߴһ£֪ԭǡ޴ڡٰһᣬԲ߸ˡ
طǿߺͺҲ˺üλ˵ҲĻʵ
ﱸ˰ˣҶˣպǵã͵ȵᡣ
ǺĵطгϿν㣬Щ߻ʯҲ޷ѣֻ
ֱ޴ڡֺźЩᣬʮһΣÿζǺעĿ⡣
ΪֻҪᣬмѹıЩǮҲ򲻵ġ
ЩǺǿߣɶǶЩǣʯΪʲô
Ϊһ죬¿ԼʵıȻǺһ
ȻҲֻС޴ڡҾٰᣬˣĻʶС
һԴʵ
Ҷڽֵת˰֮ڵִˡ޴ڡܲǰʷǰȻ˶ˡ
û뵽ǵġ޴ڡȻ뵺ġ޴ڡҪࡣƾ
ҶҲ𾪲ѡ
һ̻ᣬֱһǳذķģǳӴǸߴԺǽͳǽȶ˶١
ҪǣӴĽȫһģ䶥һ޴Բεܶǲǽؿľɫ
Ҷ˽ȥ֮󣬷һƬߵľ޴㳡ˣҲмʮˣֱֲ
⼸ʮ˻ϡϡɵģȻ滹װˣ˵װ°ˡ
뵺ͬǵɡ޴ڡǿߴģȻӵĻȨҶ֮лָ˵
뵺˵ŵĴӪһָ޴ڡѾǺܿˣôá޴ڡôܲ
ڹ㳡תƬ̣Ȼ͸ͷһ޴ָʾƣľٰصȥ
һ޴Բι㳡ܶλһߴ̨
ʱѾһϵˣȻûпʼǡ޴ڡһЩòŮӣ̨裬͡
Ļ̫٣Ц
Ҷ׼ȥҸλ£ڴʱһɿֲѹֶ
ţüͷ󷽡
ŵöڶƺ棬ǿѹ㶼վֱˣ巢
ֱҶ֮󣬲ŵǿѹ
ҶתǶ棬һɫս׵󲽶пˣÿһ·ÿ˵ж𾪺Ϳ־֮ɫ
ţҶ죿ܺãȫѹ򣬺ǺǣɫսóһŻ񣬶Ҷһ£ʱ¶Цݡ
ǺˣҶߵԱЩ˵Ŀ־֮ɫ֪ܾܿǴ˵еĻ֮һ
ΪԷΪǰ벽ۼ𣬱ȲܻҪǿࡣ
Ǻˡ޴ڡǿ⣬ҲֻĻʲӵʵ
Сһӵ𣿺ܺãֻҪͷҿΪӡɫս׵ֱҶ죬һ˫貵ӣסСӣϵЦݸӳʢˡ
ҶʱɫһԷһҲ
ҲŭصŽɫս׵ꡣ
СӱڻŭصŽɫս׵ꡣ
ŶӦɣܺãҲһ޸ҰɣҵˣɫսЦ˵ȫҶͶƣ·УҶͶֻֻ޹ؽҪС϶ѡ
˵ƷŭˣҶҲЩŭˣһҲ̫˰ɡ
ʱҶҲΧȺĵ͹֪ɫսݡ
̫ӣ
Ҷ۾΢΢Ŀиһ⣬ԷȻĻ֮һһֱˣôĻ
ҶЩһֱڿջУ֪ɱõСӵ飬ѾǺ÷зˡ
̫ӳ֣ҶҲµˣ϶ǲܹųȥϢҪ赶ɱˡ
Ҷ첻ЦΪĻʾɱ
ϳ̫Сӣúϻǽң̫ӴӦңΣ
Ҷ̫ӵĿڴСƿưؿҶ졣
һ˲䣬һӴƣϱõıһɫƾˣֲ˹
찡ǻʵΨӵлݵߣɡ
̫ӵһ̫ӣȻӵһ֮Բ˻ʵ
˵д˽̫ӵʵɣͬ𿰳޵УЩԽɱеŲǿ

Χһȥ塣
̫֮ѾģǺ֪
ǺǣСӿǵô̫ӺΧ˵𾪣ͷȫҶ졣
ҶҲЩȵؿ˿̫ĻʵɲһܹĳΨЩȵĹԼ̫Ӳɹ
׹ĹɹȻǰΪﵽʾ硣
ʵȻҪʲǰҶڱʮ˹ûп
⻹Ҷһοʵ̲ס˼ۣ̫ҶѾѡ񳼷ˡ
£̫ӴЦţĸȥ
ɫһ䣬Ҫ֣ȴǼҶӰһ̫ӵǰ
ٽһܾ³Ҷض̫ӣĿ⣬ͬһϬΧ˶ֱӡ


526 һ仨
֪ʲô𣿡
ԼǰҶ죬̫ϵЦݶʱʧˣҲһݣĿ⣬ؿҶ죬˵
üĿЦǳãͬһ߸ڼҸ硣һЦݣưݣͬһϵߡ
ʱ̫˵ʺ֮ǰȻͬˣĿ⣬ֱͬӶ˵꣬޷ֱӡ
Ҷüͷ΢壬˵ȷǿһ벽ۣϵǿߣĶ֡
޾壬ΪһֱԼʵԲĻʲκβǰĵˣҲԱ
źѡ񣬻ʧһӡⱲѾˣȴ±Ӱɣ̫΢΢ЦһɰƣҶ
նʱΧ߶ȥ»ǣǡҪ֪һĻʣһնɱǿߣ˭ҲǺǵġ
ʲôˣҵѾ֪ɱͷҶ쵭ػӦáͷ̫ӣǰ̫ӱ
˵Χ˶һЦȴЦӣǵһЦˡ
Ҷ磬ݺݵؽѵһ٣֪ߵغļһʶһͲ̫ӵĿˣһŶǣװơΪޣҶ֣Լ̲סˡ
Ѿѡˣô̫ӳȫ㡣̫ؿһҶ죬漴ƣм˵ˣ˵Сĵ㣬СĻӿڳ
ƾ㣿㿴ҲûжһӣӸ㣬үƣ˵ŵϵǶģɱԿҿûǸˣߣƴ˻һ
˵̫ɫˣΧЩߣҲһɴ۾һ
Χ˵ķӦƶʱЩüƽǲϲƴģҪǿ̫ʵڲˬŲϵвء
ԭ˵ŵʧʧ̫˵֮ǰҿ󣬲ҽҵǣ޹أҪ˵㣬һ¶
˵ŵ̫Ҳòͷ˵ʵڵģǺҲûжپ룬ԶϵľʵϾܸɲҵơ
ӵʵʵ̫ˣ̫ҲΪƶȡСӡֻҪǶƣԶһ֮ƣҲܶһ֡
ߣģһмϵɱ㣬Ҷն㡣ߵ
ŶĿԴˡ̫ӲмؿҶһۣȻ֮ɫ
Ȼ˵Ҷɱ˲ܣǲܸȴǲԶˣóҶʶѣţѵܶù벽ۣ
ҶҲӵʵţʲôʱʵôֵǮˣǺֻĵط
̫ЦɲҶӵʵţܹԽȻǿıնɱ˲ܶѡ
̫ӾãҶܹ˵ŵһ𣬱ȻҲһҲᡱ֮ˣ϶ӵһЩǿı
ı϶ޱҶ춼ɱ˲ˣʣ¼أ
̫һЦؼĻʵԽҫ۶Ŀˣеһۻʣ£Ӱ˻ģڡ
Χٶȥ̫ϵԽԽǿңֲֿëȻоһľ
Ƭ򳹵׻ң˾ۼ֪Ļ֮һ̫Ӻɱǿ߶Գֺ޴ڡһƬȻ
ԽԽ߳ۼһЩڡ޴ڡˣϢҲǵظ
쿴ǵ
ҿȭҲˡ
˻ǷǾ֮һĻʶɱǳ

ΧһƬȻ
һӳߣ˶ĿԽԽˡ
޴ڡ˶ˣһأҶ̫ӲҪڴ˵صңǡ޴ڡĵˡ
̫ưޱȣ˫֣ͣҶİ֮ǰȻôţҳһս𣿡
ԼȻȫҶ쵭˵
̫Ƕʱ¶һĨ̵Цݡ
ڴʱһɿֲѹֶõڳ˶һһȻо

̫ӺҶ켸ͬʱ˶һۣʱ˭ˡ
ǵҲֻС޴ڡλ᳤ۼǿߡ
᳤˵ˣϿʼλμģǣ뿪˵ءһ޴ڡԱȵ
ΧԣȴûжȻ󣬵Ҳûǿߵսˡ
޴ڡ˶ʱˣҪⳡûһ˲μӣǲ˵ǡ޴ڡʧӰͺܻá޴ڡˡ
λȲμɣֻ̫ӺҶϣ˿ڡ޴ڡϣܹʱ³ޡ
Ҷ̫˭Ҳû˵˫Ȼ˴ӣ֮еԽԽء
λһѹᱦһֵͽʵľѪֱо˵ЧλɲܷǸ޴ڡ˼״ҧҧòй¶һ˽Ϣ
⻰˵ļʱҶ챾׼뿪޴ڡ̫һսˣϢ֮̾˵ȥᣬն㡣
Ҫ־Ѫתս壬Ȼ֪Լܿ𣬵Ǽʶһ£ȷһ۸񣬶Ҳкôġ
ɱ̫ӣһʱ̫ôˣ뿪ġ
Ȼ̫ԣ۾һУЦҲãһЩʱ䣬պҶʵľѪҲڱصá
ûתս壬ҪʵľѪһǿ似ֻҪ似Ļ֮УҲͽɵǸصĽˡ
λ룡Ǹ޴ڡԣʱ˿Ҷ̫ǰ·
Ҷ̫Ӹһߣֱλλ£Цεҡҡͷ
ʱΧȺҶ̫ҲᣬʱһҲ߽ᡣ
㳡ĵ̨ϣһǣⳡʦȻһλŮòͬ
һŮʦȽһ¡޴ڡһ¡޴ڡĿеӰȻͿʼ˵һЩ֮Ҷ쿴ЩǷϻˣ˭֪
ò׵ȵЩϻ˺ŮʦŶȻһЦλź¿ͷǽĵһƷͷǳһ仨
ŮʦĻ£㳡ĵ̨ϣʱһ׵Ļ䣬ͬһ㣬ǰţ¶ʥˡ
УⲻһͨİõҼҺԺ˼ʮţҪҸ٣õһ߿һ̨Ļ䣬ʱмƲƲ졣
ΧԽԽ˿ʼ޴ڡˣֱָ¹Ϊǿɲǰ׳գһ۾ϳһͨİõ塣


527 
ԽԽ˳޴ڡʱ
ΨҶ졢̫ӡȭһЩǿʣû˵һõ壬г֮ɫ
λ
Ůʦȵóн̧߰ͷ޴ڿݴ½Ի飿¸ǣ仨쵶һλժµģժ仨ʱʩչ쵶ӡԣǧСһ仨һ˻ţڳûмܹס
ԶʱһƬȻ
Χ𾪵Ŀ⣬Ůʦ䳰ЦһȺУߡ
쵶ŵ쵶ӡ似ɹժһƬҶһ仨ܻΪǿ쵶նɱˣƿֲ
ǰҲ˵ˣ˵ŵ˵ӡصŵĵصӡеǿ󹥻似
˵쵶쵶ӡļλϣƽҪʲôֱӿֶԵУһˮһƬҶһ仨Щ

˵׵ȼˣܶ˶ɴ۾ҪϸۿǶ׵ĻϧʵޣһȻ
пֻҶһܹܵ仨̺ĿֲΪҲ쵶ӡλ쵶ųĸӾ
ԷϾۼǿߣʩչһ쵶ӡҶʩչҪǿࡣ
λһ仨ǺĻʺ;⣬˭Ҳ޾ˡŮʦһЦȻ󱨳׼ۣ˴һƷĵ׼Ϊ
˶˶䣬Щ˶Ŵͣ׼ˡ
һƷʯŮʦȵ
˲䣬᳡ȼˣһ졣
׼۶һ˵ⶫҲҪĵǧ򣡡
ϻ仨ؼʱ̿ǿԱĻʺ;⣬ϿǺˡ
ҳ򣡡
Ҳҽг죬ҳİ򡣡
ͼһټҳ򣡡
ҳ
ԽԽ۵кܶ࣬öƵĿɿڴ
Ҷ磬ҪҪ仨ƿҶ죬ʵһƷʯ仨׾٣ں
ʵϣҪԼ仨ȻϾҲ쵶ӡ仨˵ԸһЩοá
ûҪĻҪҶܸ㼸䡣Ȼûǿ󡣡Ҷҡҡͷ쵶ӡΪԶλϡ
ϾλȻ쵶ӡûв൶⣬Բڵ쵶ӡ
ֻӵв൶ˣ쵶ӡǿ쵶ӡ
ޣƵ˵ͷҶĿӳˡ
Ȼûв뾺ģΧĵȺȴԽԽˣλ֮һǿ߶뾺ˡ
Ҷ첻òˣ仨ʱͱһǧĸ߼ۡ
̫ӳһǧ򣡡
ûҶ֮лָԶʹһϤһ᳡䵭
Ǿȥ۵Ļ֮һ̫ӣһǧ߼ۡ
̫ӣ̳Լȵı⣬ӵеʯ
ĻʾĻʣ˵һǧû˳Ҳû˸ҵ̫ӡ
̫ӿĻԵˣ
Χߵۣȫֹͣ˱ۡ
֮ǰλһǧƷʯȭ̫ӱ˱ȭЦȻ̫ϲ仨ô˳
̫ص˵ͷȭĿ⣬ʱ˳۶ˡ
Ҷ磬㲻ҪȥˣҪҲŪ仨ǲͷˣƼ̫Ƕ仨ʱЦ
ҶҲ۾ЦЦ̫ҹȻ
ƺӦҶ˵Ŀ⣬̫ӴһŮȡǶ仨ؿҶ죬ȻߵģƾǵΪ˷仨
˵գ̫СĵǶ仨
ߣԴ񣡡ƶʱɫߵ
ҶȴǲҡҡͷػӦл仨úñ棬һá
˻һΧ˶ʱȻ
Ҷ˼ɵӶоԵնɱ̫ӣô̫ӵĶԼĶأ
̫ɫʱؿҶ죬ɭȻϣʵҲô
ʧģҶ
ԣõ᳡ɱ֮Χ˶оһ䣬·¶½˺ܶࡣ
ŮʦϽ쳡æڶƷʹ˵Ŀٴλص̨ϡ
Ҷ̫Ҳһٶӡ
ڶƷûôˣֻǼֵһٶ򣬱ϾҲҪһƽƷЩıʵ̫ˡ
Ҷ۾һƷȴԼҪı֡
ڴڼ䣬ȴ˲ٱʯѴѵģȫ£ʮ֮һıﱻаˡ
ûãƾͻȥǧƷʯһĿɿڴ
һ뵽ƵݣҲȻˡ
˵֮ǰ˻ɶǲ˵ڼʶƵĲ󣬱㲻ٻˡ
Ҷ磬ЩҪ˶ãҵΪˡƽЩСУֺǺǵЦ
ҶҲĽޱȣЩﲻǶûãʯ࣬ӻ
ҶֻѡԼĿǰҪĶ£ıȻ۲Ҳֻסջ
β֮һҶע⡣
ƣ
Ůʦһƣ˷ܵ˵ǧСƣڵĺƣߺȥ֮ϾܿʡǶʼǿߣּҲкܴЧλǧҪǻһġ
䣡
ȫһλȻ
ƵĴ˲֪
Ҫ֪ҪļҪһ̩ɽԳһ꣬ܳɹ
̩ɽԳԳһǿһ֧Ⱥǿһ̩ɽߣʵ
Ȼޣ̩ɽԳһȴûж˸ǣһľǺƺͺʾơ
ڷǳϡٺ͸ĺʾƣݴ½ĻǺƣֻǺƣޱ󣬲һ˿еġ
һξƣһƷʯҪ󰡣
ǺСطƽǸûּģΡ޴ڡȻ־óˡ
ڳ߶ʱޱȼޱȡ
ƣҵںʮɰˣҶ۾һ˷ܡ
£־ƺһڣһҲ޺ˡ
ҶӾͿˣҪǸһڣǰ;ˡ
ǺҲ֪ųһκƣֲϣһûϣˡ

˶ɴ۾˫ĿȵضŮʦеĺơ
ȭҲ۾˫ȡ
ƣ̫Ҳ۾Щп˵þûгǸζˣΪⱲҲȲˣû뵽Ȼᡣ
Ϊݴ½ĳȵ̫ӣȻȹƣֻ䵽ǺҲûгˡ
ΪĳЩԭܻصݴ½ΪⱲҲȲƣû뵽ȴ˻ᡣ
̫վ׼ۡ
򣡡Ҷһȵ


528 
򣡡
ҶվȵѵôһΡ
ܹºƣֵãϾֻҪ˴˾ƣһ¥ںٷ֮ٳɹ
ĻΪܽʵֱǿˡ
ٺ٣ҲƣȻҶϲҾͷˣݴ½־еǣЦ
Χ㵽ݴ½־ҲۣҲֻ˵ŵںǮ
̫ˣҺȲ𰡣
ƷʯҵĶԳɳʼ𣬺αҪơ
̫ݳˡ
Ҷĺۣѡ˷
ȭȴûз̽мۣ۲ǿһҲҶ
Ƶļ۸ĺܿ죬ûþ͵һǧ
ҶҪм۵ʱ򣬶̫ӵվЦһǧλӣҶ֪ݴ½־һЩõĻ䡣
̫ӻ˵Ŀһ˫ӣȴڳܶ˵
һʱ䣬ȭˡ
ü̫ӣΪ򲻹̫ӣҲаߡ
һǧļ۸ѾﵽĵˣԼĲ޷̫ȡ
һǧ򣡡
ڷԥʱҶվȵ
˶ʱһȵؿ˹ղ̫Ӷ˵һˣҶϾͺۣⲻŵڴ
̫ɨҶ죬ߵܺã֪´˾ƣһῼȫʬ
˼ܼ򵥣֮ǰҶһоԵİɱҶ죬ôҶĶҲĶˡ
̫֮֮һ·ǳƯ˶кãƶҧгݡ
Ҷȴû̫ӣ̨ϵŮʦûٽмˣأ
Ůʦܣ˶죬Ȼǲ̫Ҷ棬̾˿Ȼˣô˾ƾҶӵˡ
˵գһλŮźƣ͵Ҷ
Ҷ츶ʯƣ̫ʾһ£Ȼһںȥ
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һ˶Ŀɿڴ˭Ҳû뵽Ҷ쵱ھͺ´˾ƣĻ̫ɱҶ죬Ҳòˡ
ʱ򣬰̫ڵ˲׹ƺǶ仨ɲ̫ͬӲܰǶ仨ʩչҶȴϺºơ
̫ưͳԻп˵
Ȼһ棬Ҷû˵һ仰ֱӰ̫Ӹˡ
̫ɫǳѿҧҧɭǺȥˣδܹն㣬ֱɾơ
ţǺƣȥ֮󣬸оȫ泩ŶƶѾҵĳθϾ͵
Ҷû̫ӵвչһֱۣЩԺ˵
һԵһ£Щ죬θϾ͵͵ʲôطõ˵
Ҷ磬̫ˡҲһ㶣漴Ц
ΧҲһЦЦӣθϾҪҶôһ˵̫ӻҶɾ𣿾˾ƣ̫ӻҺȥ
㡭̫ӱòѪݺݵһȭͷҪ˵ʲôȴסˡ
ѹᱦɣһ£̫ӶŮʦ˵
ȻѾȲϣȻȥɱҶ죬һϴϷˣĳ衣
ҶͬһʤĽؿ̫һۣȻ󻺻£۾
ƻǰԵҿ˾תս壬˾ת¶ֵסɾƾôҪˡ
Ҷ찵𾪣˿ȫ͸ŵɫĹâǺƵڱ
ʵϣҶ³çˣҪ֪ûΪºƻϾͻԱȺͶƻҪҡ
ߣҲֻܺϡ͹ĺƣ⻹ҪһλʵĿ£һһغȥȻ
ʼǿߣûʲô似ĻҲҪһһĺȺƣһһߺȡ
ҶһںȹһƣΪֻʶݴ½ҲҲôˡ
Χ˶𾪲ѣ̫Ҳͫһ۾
ܹɱǿߣȻˢӣ¾Ͳھˡ

ãҶ۾³һޱȵͬҹеǳ
Ҷ磬ôЩǺڴʵ
һ֣ˬҶЦ˿̸оȫ֮˵Уǿȣࡣ
ЩƻҵѪ֮УûбȫĻҵǿҶ찵ϲ
ƱĻҪܹٶȼκƣĴںҲԷˡ
ȻҶҲֻѣһƶҪһǧ⻹̫ӵġæ֮£Ļٵǧ
ãȲ𰡣
һҵںоԵİˡҶ¶΢Цǵûаһˡ
ǧһ򣡡
ûߵˣ
ǧһΡϲչˡ
ʱҶ쿴һɫıĵã
˲ðڻ֮жǶģȶƵǰѵˡҶЩĽ
ҲܹõʵҲܶࡣ
ǧһֻۣ̾ˡ
˺ֻ֮ʣٶˣЩĵرҲֻһǧƷʯ
λѹᱦŮʦͻȻ˶䷢顣
һʱǲŷ֣ŮʦΪ򵥰¿Ⱦ
ǡ޴ڡǿ̫ˡ
ȻʱעĻŮʦŵһƴСˮƿյѹᱦ
Ҷ졢̫ڣеˣɴ۾ضˮƿеĶ
һĴָСѪһɫѪ·ʯһ貣ɢŶĿĹâͬһɫС̫һ
ˮƿϵŸַķţ˸ŽɫĹâƺѹһɫѪ
λһλŵһξѪŮʦ˵ı飬Ժ˵ʾǡľ֮壡
ԣ󲿷¶ɻ֮ɫֻٲ۾һУ𺳡
Ҷ磬û뵽ľ֮壬ǺöһӾͽ˫ȡ
Ҷ쿴Զ̫ӡȭҲֱ۾˫ȡ
˵˵ʲôľ֮壿ҶʵԱʮ˹֪ĺޣƵļۻ룬֪Ķࡣ
ӵľ֮ȻľĵطսǼӵ˲֮ʱԵľľ޸壬ǳֲ
ȻһξѪӵľ֮ľѪкǿܡΪ˴ֻҪξѪҲϻָ
һľ֮徫ѪߣҲ߻ָٶҪ죬ܵʲôƣȱ˻ָٶȿʮ
˵˫Խˣ̲סֱӺˡ


529 ۾
ڶƸҶ͵ʱ̨ϵŮʦҲľ֮ľѪô˵һ顣
ʱ᳡߶Ŀһ٣֮ɫ
ȻǱǾΪľ֮ľѪԺų
᳡߶޷ˣһ۾ðĵĹâȴŮʦ׼ۡ
һ˵ȵĿ⣬Ůʦ΢΢¶һ˿Цݣ˵ʾѪʱͳһĵ׼ۡһǧƷʯ
ৣ
Ůʦĵ׼һ᳡ʱ侲Щûʵߣ׷׿Цҡͷ̾
ʵϣҲͲµõıֵǣ
һǧƷʯֱۣ᳡ٷ֮ʮŵ˷ˡ
׼۶һǧռ۸Ҫڣ
һǧ򣡡һվۡ
۸˲ƷʯٶһЩҲˣּ˾Ļ֮⣬Ѿʺ˲ˡ
Ȼڵ֮ȭҲվҳǧ򣬺ٺ٣ҲҪⰡ
ȻˣҾͳǧ򣡡ȵ
ȭ𾪵ؿ
ҲޱȣҪ֪ղŷѾǧƷʯˣھȻܱǧĸ߼ۣʵǿֲ
ͬǾôô󣿡ҶüͷЩơ
˲ܣҶڲܵСҵһǧƷʯֺǺǵأһھ֮жǵ׵ġ
Ҫǲڴˣ»Ʋѡ
ʵǲܵʯ٣ǲܰѴ󲿷ʯóˣ߹ЩʵıʯŲࡣ
ҲΪˣܵʵھ֮ռεģǿĲ
ǧ򣡡

˼ı飬ȻԴڱصá
ȭЦһ£ǧ򣡡
ǧ򣡡ٶȳ¾̫Ӷ¶֮ɫһ·
ޱ飬ز¶𺳡
˲²⣬·ҹڣô򶨡
ǧһ򣡡ɫغѾȫˣô꣬ΪľǵȵһһԼõı
ľ֮ҪģֻҪõʵԿԳֱĻʡ
ǧ򣡡ȭҧҧҲĵˣ뵶һҲϣľ֮ľѪĻʡ
֮ȭͽŵؿ
Ƭ̣ڲٺۣȭ׶ʱһɡ
ǧһΣ˳ߵļ𣿡Ůʦʱ˵
ȭðҧⲻ˼Ӽ𣿲Ҳ֪ÿʦֶΣҶԷԡ޴ڡɲܹǵĴڡ
ҳǧ򣡡
ŮʦĻ֮󣬶Ʊվ˵
ȭʱͬйƤһȥ˵ŵʯǲѰ
ͷֱӱ죬һ֣ڳ̫֮⣬û˿Բ֡
ƹӳǧ򣬻˳۸𣿡ŮʦƳ֣ʱ
˵Ŀ⿴̫ӣʱҲΨ̫һϸ¡
ң˫жԹģô˵ҲҪԡ
Ȼ̫ӵɨ˶һۣЦ˵˵Ȼ¶⾫ѪҲȤͳǧɣ
˶ʱֱӼӼһǧֱҲ̫˰ɡ
ǧ򣡡ߵʯκˡ
˵Ϊʯ
ȭ˶ʱڨڨ֮ǰ˼СˣͶơ̫ȣͲһġ
ǧ򣡡
̫Ȼֺã
һڣƺߵ
ɫʱһڰһڵƷʯƷʯƷʯ˵ֱһ֣һҲԼ
ȭ˸пѣ˱˰ô꣬Ҳż˼ǧĲƸ
ЯʯԶǣЩʯֻǶƵġ㻨Ǯ˵ǸȻЩǺĺҲ̫Զˡ
ƹӳһڣ˱۸ߵ𣿡
ľ֮ľѪǳЩԭǲõǺġ
λ˽գֻȥݴ½ּľѪҼ۸ֻ߲͡
̨ϣŮʦڶƳһ֮˷֮ɫɤӣ
ȵգʱϯ᳡
˶Լͬؿ̫ӣѾһˣ̫Ƿ
һһǧ򣡡̫ӵɫɫ˵Ҳ֮ǰôƮƮˡ
ȻҲᡱҲһƷʯ¡
ٺ٣һЦһǧ
ƻû˵꣬㱻Ҷһ
Ҷ磬㡭ƶʱ㵵ؿҶ죬ʯһ㶼̫ӣȻϵֻǸһƷʯΪ˵ŵôС⻹ģʮڰ
ǧȣ˵ŵ˵ŵۼĳ϶мʮλϰλʼ洫ӡʮˡ
ÿƹյʱЩϡ洫ӡҪͺֱһ֡
ƽʮ꣬һ˶ʮգǿֲˡ
ҪǣϵҲҪǸ벽𼶱үүЩ˵ŽõĴ
öƵʯﵽһֲĳ̶ȡ
ˣǸ벽𼶱ıɶˡֻԹɱϷ԰Щүүûȥá
ĻƵʯϵ˵Ҫ࣬Ͼǰ벽ֳݴ½۵ĲƸȻֲ
ѪãøҰɡ
ƾ㵵Ŀ⣬ҶЦ
ΪֻһʯڿԼС˵
ŶҶҲҪɣ͸㡣ԶʱЦҶôʱչˣ뱨Ҷˡ
Ȼľ֮ľѪֵһϣǶȴһ㶼ںϾ˵Ҷչˣ͵쵶ӡֵԶһˡ
һһǧΣ˳ߵļ۸ûеĻľ֮ľѪ̫ӵˡ
ʱŮʦƺڴߴٶơ
Ҳƣ֪ƸղΪվˡ
̫Ҳ۾һһǧҲ쵽ĵˡ
Ҷ硭ƶʱˣɲ뱻̫С
Ҷ˰֣̫ЦллξѪ
˻һ˶ʱһЦһ֮ҲЦҶ˵öԣллξѪҾͲˡ
̫ɫʱѿߵϻ˵ֵϸҳһս
˵գ̫ӽӹŮˮƿ󲽳᳡ȥ
סȥһƬõķصأҸʱѡءҶЦӣҲ뿪᳡
һѡһ÷صصģ̫ߵ
㻹ҪҪ飿ļվû˸ˡҶ̵֪̫ӵĹҶˣﻹʲôˡ
̫Ȼ˵Ҷ죬ɫޱɭһĺѿ
߰ɣθ޴ڡһڶʯļգǻġ˵գҶ߳޴ڣ߿ա
̫ӽϣ˫˸ȫɢűɱ⡣


530 ս̫
Ҷ磬ݺݽѵһ٣Ҳҿˣƽڿն𣬷ǵ
ȵң㱧СӣҲȥ

ǵʱˣߴӡ޴ڡг˳ȫǵȥ
ֵܣǷʲô˲ʵ
ʲô£ҲҡҡͷҲȥǵ
һʼǿסһ̤նеʵСӣ⵽׷ʲôôɳǵˣ
ǰɱǸǿ߾ǵ̫Ҳˣȥսˡ뷢ŭһԷʣʱ˵
̫ӡһһʧʡ
ð࣬뵽ʱ䲻ˣҲϸ˹ȥ
Ϣûñ㴫鿪ˣǵ׷ˣߴ˷һɳǵ
ٶˣһȥϵ£ȫߵӰѹѹһƬһƬǵصơ
㣬ҪȻⳡսźˣ
𼱣ǵȼսôġ
׳հּսһӣҲź

ҿҶ̫ѡսǵԪսĶǿߣܷУܿ춼ִ
ǵһ޴ĻĵʲôûУֻнڵʯͺͺģǳʺս
Ҷ̫ӴӸ߿£վһСɽ棬ңңӶԷ
ЩսߣΧŻĵվڸ߿У̤ϻĵ±սನǣ
кպĵȭҲգ˫ۣصؿŻĵ϶Գֵˡ
ٺ٣öܾˣߣȺУɴЦϢҲڰעŻĵϵս
䣡
ûжķϻҶ̫֮ӵһ֡
Ȼ֮ǰѾҶˣ̲סȶ֡򣬰ϰߣ϶ǻҶȳֵģóԼ԰ĸԡ
䣡
̫˫ȭ죬ȫɢŽɫĹâĻʵԶ壬Χƣŭ
˶𾪲ѣƣֲ˹ܹġ
ȭȻޱȣĻʣʵǲòͷ
ͫҲһ̫ʻԱİգڿδˡ
̫Щʵˣ¾۲Զˡ
ߺߣ̫ӵĲľתս壬Ļʵ϶ڵľתս壬ҿεֵȺУҲ̫ӵƣвϲ޲̫ӰҶɱˣѩޡ
Ȼ𾪡ŭѡ
䣡
Ҷ۾ų̫ӣҲ룬һ죬ӭ˳ȥ˫ȭͬȥѲ񷣬ա
ȫɢҵĹâޱȵҫ۶Ŀ·貵ĺǣݺݵײһ𣬱һƬԡ
¡¡ն·ڱընѷ죬һֲ˳˵ģ˷ӳȥϯ硣
Χ۵˳ʯˣһĿɿڴ𺳡
ǿײ˭ҲûжԪȫҪܶԷ־ԵǿҵӾùս𺳲ѡ
̫ǿˣǼֱʥˡ
˵ʥ̫ˣǺǿĿûеˡ
Ĳľתսܶ˶ˣ̫лʵʹֱƵľתս塣
û뵽ҶôǿȻȫ·磬ѹܹɱ

Χ۵۷׷ס
ȭصعעųеսųҵĹâʾеĲƽ
ɶ񣡡ȺеĲܷŭѣû뵽̫ӵҲȲҶ졣
˻ǲȴףڵҶ컹ûʩչת㣬Ļ̫ӾҪˡ
û뵽ҲܽתսֵزҲ˶ѣ̫ӵ˵
ʱǿ̫Ļʵһֱ̫ӵڣʹ̫ȫ±ӿֲĽɫâ
õĹâޱȳңϵ̫Ȼʧɫˡ
û뵽̫ӾȻһУ
ʵ壬ǿˡ
Ҷ쿴Ҫˣϧ

Χ۵˼𾪣̾Ϣ
һţҪˡ
ΨȺڵĲƲƲ죬֪ҶҲʵ¿Ҫľתսˡ
Ȼ̫ӵĻʵ壬Ҷʱܵһǿѹʵֱչֵľתս塣
䣡
һϽɫ񻪴ҶϱֱӶ񷣬˺գˡ
ƾҲӮңҶһЦȫϽɫһȭݺݵغֱӽ̫Ӻɳȥ
ǹǿڸ߿бͬŭ졣
Χ۵˶ʱһ
ղŻ磬Ƴ̫ӣȻչǿ󣬱Ҷһȭɡ
ܿǾע⵽ȫϽɫҶ졣
죬ûп۰ɣǾת
ûǵľתս壬찡ɫꡣ
һŰ֮ǰΪΪû뵽ֻʶ
Խ˼

ٴʯˣҶչֳ˵ľתս壬ˡ
ȭ𺳣ŴͣȴʲôҲ˵
ɺްҾ֪ȺУܰȭͷоԼϣԽԽСˡ
̫ҲˣҶҲûзӦ˳֮У˼صҶ졣
ڡ㡭תս壡
̫ҧɫ԰ףû뵽Է츳ôݴ½ҲǾš
ʼЩˣ֪Ҷ츳ôּš
˵ʲôҲˡ
ҪɱˣԺľˡ̫Ӱҧ˫Խˣɱ⡣
֪ҵĲ𣿡Ҷ̤ն˶Ͻɫһ˫ȭͷƲ񷣬գݿһɱ̫ӡ
ҶʳԽǺκˣݴ½ȣҲκš
תս㣬壬ǰֺ˺ƣʹﵽһӿֲĵز
̫ѡҶƴǼֱǺø֣Ѱ衣
ߣС츳ϧΪ̫ˣȻҾˡ̫һԪױһȭЯΧ֮һҶ졣
벽ۼԪټϽɵ֮һʹ̫ӵǿ౶ʹΧ۵˶ȥ
ӻƵĴǹѹȸУʵ̫ǿˡ
̫ӿҪ۾ˣ
ȭԣɫһ䣬˵治һϢ
ԽԽֲ̫ӣҶϺ޾⣬ʮС뱬Ԫ̫ӣֻ۶֮ƿأȲ̫Ӷѡ
ҶľתǳֲЯŰʮСľתټ֮ϣһȭȥնں
ܵΧߣס䣬Ǹоڴף
ĵڲҪˡ


531 Ϊʤ
ĵµγɾ޴ĳ˷ӳȥϯռ䡣
սһˣÿһ˵϶𺳣һսľʵĳ󣬷·սһ
ǿγɵನǳֲ޷ӽ
ֻԶԶڻĵ֮ϣ̫ںϻʵԪȻЯŰ֮ȫɱҶ졣
ҶıһĪĿռѿ汼ӿһֲԪһ𣬷·һӣ̫ӳ
찡һʶôԪ
Сѵ۵С绹Ҫ𣿡
ȻŶóݡ

Χ۵˳ױˡ
ҶͬһϽսȫâ貣һȭѣĵڲ
һ̣Ҷ˵İѪһ㣬ʢѪҪȼһļֱ
̫Ӵһ֮Цܹɱһţ̫Ҳ
δ䣬һɫϳҶ죬צŭնڲ
ǻʵ̫֮һɱҶ죬𾪲ѡ
Ļ֮У̫ӵʵԽڽʣս˰뵽һսǳ׿̫ӵʵĻ֮жǶġ
ȭһء
ãСӣȺУɭЦֻ
֪ΪʲôÿֻʱҶ춼Ʋѡ
ֻĵϣҶ˫һΧʱ¶ȴ󽵣һȭݺݵغʵֱӽⶳᡣ

Ҷһ
µĺ˷ӳȥ̫Ҳˡ
Χһɴ۾𺳡
䣡
̫ƱŭųҶ죬ӭȴޱߵ׵µ磬գں
֮򣡡
Ҷһ̤˸ս׳ϣʹǿһ֡
̫ͫһЩغˣκҶѾٽ
Ҷһһ˫ȭͷų貵ĹâΧ׵磬ܵʲôƵģȫ̫Ӻը
һĻޱȿֲùս˶Ǳ˶˺⡣
̫˶ɳȥȫޱȣĻʵֱӱޱߵ׵ɢˡ
ˣҶٸ߿գ̫ӣг˲мƥİ죬Χ۵սѡ
̫Ӿŭӣ˶һɫҶ졣
壡
һξ̫ӹȻ޻ѧѾĻĵ壬ʵ֮£˭ܿ⣿
е˼Ҷ۾һУвɵ̫λĻʣȻʵףڰ벽֮жǶˡ
ȻҲҶΪ̫ˣܹôɱ̫׾٣ĻʼĶ֡
ڣҶ̫޾̫ӣе˷ܣֻƾеĶ֣ĥøǿ
գҶ츩£ɫӭȥȭЯޱ׵֮ȭ
˫ȭ֮£̫ӵĽɫҲòͣ˫ڸ߿дսٸغϣÿһײ춯أʹûĵһ޴ѷ졣
¡¡
ڣĵܲסսನһѿˣһС½أƯȥ
ޱ𺳣ֱǻصҿԶ³ĵһ

̫ŭһβͺݺݵҶ죬ǿֲ˵նŤն·ȥ
ȥɣ̫Ц
ΣҶһҲƴˣ˻һ񵶣̫նɱȥ
˵ӡ
Χս˵ɴ۾š
Ϊ۷似֮һǺ˲֪ǿ˵ǿĹѧųһؾ
Ҳ˵ŵˣ̫Ӵʧɫһţֵ񵶵ľâ
˲Ҫ֪̫࣡ҶЦһԪٶȱ񵶶ͷųҵâޱߵ貹⻪ͬһâ̫նɱ
һ˵Ѥ˵Ĳã˵İ˵Ŀֲ
̫ˣҾԵסһ֮ɫ
Ĳԩ̾Ҳֻһ֮¡
ҿû¶̰ģȭң˵ṵ̂Ǽٵģֻ̫֣Ҳһ
ɶ񣡡ȺУȭͷǰһ֮µģû˱һ
ҶҶ磬˵ӡѾ˿ֲˣϵҲֻǿΪʤ֮ɫ
ĿҲ뵽ʦ𣬽ĳɾ;Բ
̫Ҫˣ
û뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼ˵ţѹֺ˵ŵһ𡣡
ʾ˵ӡ˵ţҲֻ˵ŵȵˡ

Χ۵һѵվҶߡ
ƺǲ²Խ
ΪҶҪʤʱ̫Ѫһҧҧҵģȥɣ
䣡
̫ӵĻ£һɫڳҶ񵶺ݺݵײһȻը
ͬʱʵ̫ӣҲ͵شѪܵشɫǲ԰ֽ
ˣ̫ȴЦúܿģҿô
Ҷ磡ƾ
Ҳؿ߿С
Χ˶֮С
ղһɲǣ̫ӾȻѡԱ˻ʵԱ
Ҫ֪ʵһˣԼѡԱǲġ±˴ɢˣҲϻָķһЩԪѡ
ԼѡԱôҲˣӽԺ̫Ӷûлʵˡʵ½ĳɣҲֻǱȷǿһ㣬ҲȲĻˡ
ȻһʵԱǿֲԻأۼǿ߶Ӳӡ
˾Ҷһڽˡ
̫ˣ̫ӼֱһӣҿǷŶԣ
ԱߵķƳһۣû˵Ҳ̫ӱԼˣǻʵ˵ԱԱˡ
һԺҲþ̫ˣ
¶һ˿Цݡ
ˣ̫ˣڴñˡȺУϲ˶˲̫ӳ˺øС
ղҲΪ̫Ҫˣû뵽̫ӾȻôȻֱԲʵҲҪɱҶ졣
ҲΪˣ̫ӲܷΪʤⳡսҪǺ
Ҷˣ̫Ҳܵˣٺ١ܺܿĿ⣬ͻȻȺеСӡ
̫Ա˻ʵ֮ҲСӡ
ȭҲ춯Ҳ۾һУһӵʵţ˭Ī
㱧Сӣ֮ɫ
Ҫ𣿡óһ߸߾ⷢݣԪȣһɹɭĵ⣬֮ɢ
һ˲䣬̫ӡܶͣסŲֵؿŶеǿ


532 Ϯ
߿ϣƵĸӵǰصž˵ɭȻĵܷڡ
˷׷׺ˣ壬±ǣȥ
Զ̫ȻͣڰУֵضŶеҲǰһ
ԶܶȺУҲһӲذסԼԹ޵صŶơ
ȭ˰գûв֣Ŀ˸ĪĹâ
ʣ²ɵˣ˵ĺԶг˾塣
ɱһۣҲԸ˷ϣʶȤ㣡˵⣬һ㶼Χ˷
Χ˶ʱһĵ˵ѹָҷζƳԭֱĴɱ
ʵöƽ̫ͣӵˣǿµĵУѾܵǿ󣬾ԲǿԿġ
һֻɱһˣҪǸСĿɲֹһˣҾ㲻Ӧù¡̫һ
ԣصŲھͻ
̫ͫһҲҶ˵һ䣬¶ӷȣϡ
ʱûע⵽ں֮£һ˫յ۾ͻȻҵâ˺ա
˵Ҷ죬û
Ļʵҿҳ;ת⣬̫ʮʽҶһʱ˺صˣȴס
ܹɱ۵Աȴ޿κΡ

ȻһСҶιһ֣ϣ̫ӷȥ
ǡĶ̫ܿӵע⣬ֻһС󣬱㲻ˡ
ΧЩҲЦЦоԼЩ񾭴ˣһС㣬ǧײҲɱ̫ӡ
̫ʱͷϣС㳯Լײʱһ䣬̧ƣ㳯һȥ
Ȼʱˡ
䣡
ƴСС㣬ȻҵĹâһź˵ը˿һƥĵâ緢ܲ񷡣
̫ӲҺСôӦ
ңԱʵ֮ԼҲܵصƣסµһ˶âû
ôܣ
ȭͻһĻˡ
ֻжϲ쵶ӡҶ绹š
˵ϳһǱӰȴɢƥİݺݵһȭ̫ӵС磬Ķȡ˳
㡭̫Ӵʱһ˿Ϣ涼ǵѪۣ˼صҶ졣
ȥĸɣҶĮغһֱһ̤̫ӵǣµ̫ڣ嶼ըˡ
Χ޲ӣݺǺ̫ӣеĻʣˡ
ǾǣҶôֲıը֮Уܻʩչô似ֱ޷š
Ҷ磡Ƹ˵س
ҲСӷ
Ҷȴɫһ䣬˴
䣬һɫĳޣߵȺзɳҶͻȻס
Ҷһ£Ȼûɫѿˡ
Ҷ磡ƾ
Ҳɫ䡣
ȥǵңҶ쳯Ŷŭȵ˶ϽɫĹâһ̫һųҵĹԡ
ٹս˱ǣǺɫ޵·飬жѪꡣ
һ޲ֺˣԶ
䣡
Ҷ˳ԽԽıӰƶֹǳ죬ǰδһӲ֪ôӦԡ
ʵ϶ĻеˣҶȻĻʲֹ̫һˣ˶ڰС
һ֪ԼΣˣҪ۷ʱĻҲ޾壬ǵ
Ҷ챻ʵԱ˵˱ԴʵٶһĻʣǾ׶༪ˣҰл֪˼λĻء
зȭˣǵûг֣˭С۲
Ҷ磡Զ
ߣҶһۣȻһȭնˣЩӰҲУ޷ӽ塣
ɱ̫ӵˣʵūҾİһĵ
Ҷ͵ػͷֻһɫٸҡҷŹ˵ˣ̤գҶ
Уһɵĺɫӣ·һߣΧζ˺
Ůʣͫһ
ȭҲɫ䡣
úãȺУ־ϲʹҶ쾹ȻûһŮ
Ҷһ˵ĵҩŮʣΪܹɱң
ڷ⣬ȫ߶ڵĵҩ޸˵塣
Ҫʱ䣬Ȼ⣬תĻָҲǳˣҪ˶ָܻ
ŮȻĿģһЦҶӣһȻûɱ㣬ǼǸСӾ͹ˡ
䣡
һСӣͻȻҶıϮɱǿµӡնڲ
Ǿӷǳ죬˭ҲôСô˿ֲնЩŤˡ
Ҷƺ׼תһȭӭȥҵ׹⣬ҫ񷣬ض硣
ѽѽ֣СӵˡӶʱеǹҶٶԽԽ죬ÿһƶ춯ء
ƶͯӣ
Ȼò£ܹʵôС϶Ļеƶͯˡ
Ƿǳ𾪣̫ѾˣŮʺƶͯӶˣھֻһˣĻʾͶˡ
ӣٶﲻݹ㡣ŮƶͯӵĽʱһƬڣ۾
ٷϻҿҲˣÿɵСӡƶͯӵĻһΧɫˡ
ŮҲûзϻҶ֣Ļ֮ȫɱҶ졣
ʣ˵جΣ˭ܵԶԶġ
ħʺεȰ̫ӶֻܵͷŮʺƶͯҲһǺȴʮնɱˣܵĻᶼûС
ǽûеĻǶѾ۾ˡ
ǵ޴ڡĻ᳤Ҳ׿˵ˣǺµˣöӣ򶼵
һλ߼ĳǿߣĻȻû˲š
ŮҲһѷ֮ˣʽҪ֮󣬾ʲôƢûˣƶͯȫնɱҶ졣
ҶҲڽˣԸŮʺƶͯӾѾе֧ˣҪǻǿĽʣôˡ
ţ⣡
ͻȻҶͫһɫʱˡ
ֻԶ׼ǵĶƣȴһȺʼĺΧ߾ǿص˲ҽӽԼҲӲˡ
СĸѾսСˡ
Ҷжʱһ֪ЩƶͯӺŮʵ£ƵȻܹնɱޣûڳܹɱƵкܶࡣ
ŮʺƶͯӵĿĺܼ򵥣ҪЩͨĺȥĵƵ
ȻЩҲǰ׳գǿƾҲҳ֣˫


533 һ
ɶ񣡡
Ҷ쳹׼ˣһ˵ǿʩչ˵ӡսƶͯնȥ
ŮʵԶƶͯóƣҶս
ʱҶҪֱйľ棬Ӳ˵һʩչ˵ӡնƶͯӡ
Ҷŭһǳֲ̫ӶӲˣοƶͯӡ
Ͽ֧ԮңƶͯӾֺˣɲҶƴ
ŮʱֵƶͯӱҶɱһƶͯˣһҲɱҶ죬ǹһ
΢΢ԥƬ̣ŮʱӰҶûˡ
Ҷ貣ҵĵâ˺Ѳ񷣬Ӱɱƶͯӡ
Ӻƴƶ֪ͯ޷ܣҧҧҶ졣
䣡
һ̣âңƥĵâƶͯӵľ֮ƺݺݵײһ𣬱һƬ꣬ܵնڶ
Ƭ̣ƶͯӲҺһһǳҵĵâɳȥѪ硣
ͬʱҶҲ˵һ˳ɫһ󳱺죬ƸӲˡ
ŮɢŮ׼ᣬɱЯɫɱҶողŴ˵һ˳ֻܳתӲһС
˵Ҷ죬ڵסˣһ뺣ס
ôСӣûɣŮЦؿǱƶͯӣһﱻҶնһؿһ޴ĵۣѪֹ
ٷϻһȥɱСӣƶͯӶݺݵ˵˵ĲᣬжҶ˺⡣
ŮʿһЦƶͯһףΧ۵˶ɴ۾һ֮ս
̫ˣ
ȭпѣԼûв֣ˡ
۾ƺڵȴᡣ
ȺУɭЦ֮ɫ
㰾һ٣һʵҿôߺߣЦһִñ˷ܸС
ʱ֮£ڽһҵս
СӣעҪƶͯһƺѾ˵Ҷ죬ǿʹ𶯣Ͼһľˡ
ܹɱһţ붼üޱȰŮɭЦţ񶾵Ŀ⣬ҶΣһӺݺȥ
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ҶһʮС뷢⣬ֲԪҪǮ˳ȭͷ۶ݺݵضȥ
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ޱߵĺ˷ӳȥĺˮһ綳ˣҶԼˡ
ΪǺףһ˷ĺˮ޲ĹҶԼá
ȻŮʺƶͯӸǶã˾ֵط֣ǱôҲ鲻ܵı顣
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ӣҶΪģΧĺϯȥ
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ҶںʱƶͯҲûţԴͨ㣬ڵھʱϵһ
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Ҷ꣬Ѿﵽ۷״̬֮ǳǿһƷʯ˲ͱˡ
ҶܵԼΪڷرţڽ˷ܲѡ


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ৡŮʵĳޣߣ߷裬һֱߣϮҶüģ·һɱȻ

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ڿǵǲǳûɱԷĻӵʵǸСǵˡ
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ƶͯӺŮȻо˱˴˵ɱ⣬Ƴ˶Էһۣ˫׼
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ҶͬһٶȣĴЩСеıһûзŹ
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ҵ׵磬ͬһԶŭ쳹񷣬һƬĩվ
Ҷʲôֱչ֮ǳµ׵֮ԽĺǺɱɾ
һʱЩΧƵĺǣ㶼ȫ֮ˡ
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ȭҲƤֱзǳԼ֮ǰûж֣ھͺЩһ³ˡ
Ҷգɢƥİ˫貵ӣҵâõȫ˶ֱӡ
ȺеĲܣòͷֻȭͷýģһĲġ
ߣҶɨΧ۵һۣ漴кһƣǵȥ
ϣȵң˷ܵشһҶһǵ
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˶֪Ǻ׷ˣҶ֮ӽ쿪ʼᴫǺ˲֪˲
һսʣǺ˭õ
ҲõţҶԲȽʲǺڴ˵սǽʽ첢û
Ҳڸ·ϣ˭֪ʲôʱϵ
ңҶҲܵ

ǵ޴ܲ
֮Զ۾ջ̽ӵпѹִ˿شӣ츳ݴ½ҲǰéСĪҲһʵľţ

ǵһҿջУҶһսջ
˵̫ӵڵƷʯ౦ɱŮʡƶͯӣôʼĺõıʯǳࡣ
ţȿʯƶͯӵһǧ򣬲ҲƵĻ֮Ҷһƶͯӵʯʱ¶ЦݣһڶƷʯоɵľתսѾˡ
ŮʵʯҶС磬ʱ۾һһ
ô̫ӵĻҪ࣬ߡڣҶʱֱ۾š
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ƶͯҲһڶ̫࣬ӿһ̫ӣôʯ֣ô̫ӵĻҪࣿ
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һԵԱɴ۾˼飬ʶʣǡ޴ڡһܹܣλ˼ʮ
Ŷǻ᳤Ǳչ𣿡Ҷ쾪ȵؿʣ漴ƳһԵԱһۡ
ʶʱˣݺݵصԱԱһۣضҶ˵᳤˸ոճأӦˣȥ
ã·ɣҶ˰֣ҲûһĹԱʱ䡣
οԱʱѾɷףͷ˵ȻŴˡ
ã롭
Ҷ죬ʧڴ֮УֻǸɷ׵ĹԱ
һﵽǺηʥȻܹӭӣǻ᳤صġ˻
Ա͵͵ҶıӰг˺档
ֱ֪֮Ҷ죬Ǹһսնɱʵľš


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ŶҶ¶ɻ֮ɫֻоЩϤȴ˵Ϥ
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ԭǰҶʱȻû뵽᳤Ȼͩĵܵܣãǡ޴ڡֻĻ᳤
˵ҴһСʵûʱҴͶѾ֪ͨˡ֮ԶЦҶ£ԸҶ쵹һ衣
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Ҷɣ˵ʵҺܺ棬СطȻšŶˣҪǸ̫׵ľţҶĶ֡ټ̫ӣЩ꣬űԶ֮ԶЦ
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ʵεؽʾѪ޴ڵģԼصģоġҲҶĲ綼˿أҲбҪҶ졣
һ׶ΣҶ۾һվмлǰܹһ׶ıѾˡ
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ҶһɨʱʮƷʯ˵ͷ鷳ǰˣ
С¶ѣȻȥŰɣ֮ڣ˸ȥ֮ԶЦ˵
͸ˣҶ칰˹֣˵
ţ֮Զ˵ͷ

ʮƷʯһжʮƷʯˣ㹺˵ڶ׶εıҲʣ¼ڣ㹻۾õˡ
뿪޴ڡҶЦݣǵ֮Уջҵһ󱦲ء
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һ飬ʮ˲ŵֻͨǰ飬뿪
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ҲΪˣŵʵǳǿȻȲпܳΪ۹һɡ
䣡
죬ʮ˲ͻȻ𵴣ŵΧۣһЩϵõϢˡ
쿴ʮ˲ģ֣ҲδܹǷʲô𣿡
˭֪أǵŴˣ˵ʮ˲Щˡ
ҪͺˣҵҲֻͨǰ㿼飬Ҫȥ֪Ҫȵ£

ŵĵ۷׷ס
Ȼʮ˲Ե˺ܴĹףǴŵĵӣ޲ʮ˲ʧ
һڳˣʮ˲ҲסҵĽŲҲ۹һţ
ͻȻĴЦʮ˲洫
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ô£һϵ𣬵ŵˣһ벽𼶱ǿߣڵĿһɨ˶ʱеһĪѹ
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˫ð⣬ҵâ˺Ѳ񷣬˲ֱӡ
һ㾹Ȼûͨʮ˲ˣ꣬ʱһ֮ɫ
Ǻǣʮ꣬ڴʮ˲ˡһ⣬У˿֮ɫ
áܺãţҵűصˡ˷ܡ
أҼ̡֮һɨһȺȻüͷŪô󶯾ôû
ʮ˲д˼ʮ꣬ڷǳ
⡭ԣƺ뵽ʲôɫʱһ䡣
һǺεɫ仯ʱĿһʲôˣôڵţ
ģǺǺΪŮʣλǺĻ֮һܰȫ㲻õġæ˵ںͷۣΪ֮ǰΪһʮ˲ˣ˭뵽һų


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⡭üͷ壬ȴѾǼϺݺݵһ٣ҪĴ£ھͲͷˡ
֮ǰһȻͷۣҲôΪѣϾһ֮
ڵһ˵츳ȺѾͨʮ˲յŹ棬һӴͨʮ˲ᱻǿжΪһ
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žþòĵһüͷһ壬һΪһţɲ츳ǻҲͬȺ
һһԪԼϵѪ̫ͬһңȥǺϣһ͡
˵գһȵ˵㻯һɫâʧʡ
һıӰɵ̾Ϣˣ֪ôá
ǲǽ֪µ˶һϴ˹Ķŵ˵
ƳһۣߵҲ֪Ҳɱ𣿡
϶ʱ˵ˣһˣ˭ҶҲҰ
ѧԺѪȵӻţȵλʥڵһ۷弶ǿߣɾҲһλкܴĻʥ
˵ǲĳţǵҲΪλ϶š
ûҲ뼫ˣɣ̱չأ㴫ҵһΪŸұչڼҴһ顣˵
Զʱɫһ䣬𾪵ؿŵһԼǼλϻ𣿿ǵҪѪɺӰ
Ȼûв£Ҳ֪ж˲飬һһ֪ԵԸЩ˶ɡ
˵λϣеĳϣҲȲһһΪ˵ŵĽҲͬҵһĮ˵
֪һβ𶯣۹ҲҪһѪȷˡ
ǣϿɬص˵ͷڷǳԼûв飬³֪
˭뵽һܹʮ˲лųҪ֪ڵŵʷϣûгֹ

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ʱգۼ޴ڡ׼ʱظҶЩȫתսһ׶ˡ
ЧʻǸߣǡ޴ڡĻɵһ׶Σ͸ǿˣʱٿں硣Ҷ˷ܡ
һ׶ɣֿΪˣʱʹﵽ弶ˣսԿۼǿߡ
ǺôãҲǸ뿪ˣһ׶·ͿˡҶգվ߳ӡ
ƺ֪ҶҪ뿪û⣬ʰһһͬˡ
ľ޴սҶٶ𺽣ڹĺУʻǺ°κ
һʱǾִܵݴ½ˣЩڴ˵
վڴͷϣҶ쿴Ŷޱߵĺипѡ
뿪ʮ˹Ѿ߰ˣҪִݴ½ˣ붼Щڴ
ĵط֪ǺεȵľʣҶ˫ǳڴݴ½ľײֻΪһ¥
ţǿ߶ԾǷϲǿ߶Ծ
Ҫչһʱ䣬ԼչԼҶԶƴ˸к漴봬գʼתսһ׶Ρ
̵СȻи⡣
Ṻ౦Ҳչ׼弶Ҷ죬ٶȲϾҪںģ౦ȫ
֪Լ̫ˣȣһֱѹٶȣȹԼĸ
ʱڲ֪ţϵӷǳСӶЩƲˣûˣֻÿʼ
˵Сӵȫ֮£ڲǰ׳ˣʼһһѪħˡ
ٶȣ꣬СӾԿԿʼ֮·ˡ
ǳԼɵڿˣοѡ

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Ҷ뿪˵ºһɫ۵꣬
û뵽ҲС޴ڡȻֲ۾ɨ˲Զһ޴Ľͫ΢΢һ
޴ڡĴ˲֪ݴ½߶֪Ŀ¡
΢΢ˡ޴ڡһȻһҾ¥ҵеƹ˵֪ģЩʯͶˡ
˵գֱӵݹȥһָ
һһǧ򡭡ƹͻȻסǳŭһⴢָʯʱЦݣЦʣֻҪС֪Իʵ
ȸ˵˵ʲôĻʣ
Ļʣƹһ㶣漴ЦǵһǺˣĻʾǺǿĸߣ滹оǳưһƿǺк
ͫһϳ˷ŭ֮ɫ
Σһʵ˵˵ĻеŮʣϸ㣡
ϣƹæͷΪԷʲôֵأû뵽ֻô򵥣ǵҸ˶֪һǧƷʯҲ̫׬ˣ֪ԼϾԻ˷ܵ˯žˡ
˵Ůʣس̶ȽĻеĽʣǺʱ䲻ǺܳһĻʵʵûãͳưһλĻʡ
ƹ˵ֻ֪Ůʾ˵ݴ½ͷСǲ֪ΪʲôǵСط
֪Ůڵ𣿡̲ס׷ʵ
֪֪ǵ˶֪ƹ΢΢һЦ˵ڲǰǺһӵʵţһһС
ʣԣȻâʢһ˲䱬ƣõƹ̲סȥ
󡭡ˣƹʱֵؿź꣬û뵽ôֲۼǿߡ
ƣ˵
ǡǡƹţ˵ΪʣĻеŮʡƶͯӡ̫λ߶ˡ
ǵĿ궼ʣСѾһҶľŵõˣŮڣ߶һսбҶһһնɱ
ƹû˵꣬㾪ֵһιȥˣ˶ſ˵ϡ
˵ʲôɱһ˫ڵӣͻȻҵɫâ˶һɿֲƣ¥ڲ
¥֮Уеߣȫֵſڵϣһվ
Ӻϴѹʵֲ̫ˡ
ţǵȻһۣ
޴ڡ֮ܲԶȵվ¥ڵķλ


538 Ů
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˶ֵſڵϣǹӴѹѹ嶼ãǵ
һλǿۣ
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ŭɱ죬˶
䣡
¥׵Ϊ顣
¥еЩߺôϵǿߣЩǱ֮⣬ҲûΣգѾŵûˡ
ԭһšСѣǵ֪Ϊ£УȻһĮͬ׹ն
¡¡ĵһӺɨĵɢˡ
Ȼ˱Ⱥǿ
ǡ޴ڡĻ᳤ˣ
᳤ˣоˡ
ǻ᳤

һɢ¥е߶ʱԶԶ뿪¡
ƹҲ뿪ǱһۣԹԵվԭأͷ󺹡
У֮Զ̤ն£񣬿Ŷĺ꣬г𺳡
ʮˣܹԽ߼˻֮Զź꣬ʱһ𾪡
Ҳڴ֮ԶΧߵ̸Ѿ֪Է޴ڡĻ᳤侲ֵһǰ
һϤ֣ƺŶˣˣǵŵǸţ֮ԶȻɴ۾Щŵ˵ʮ˲ѵѾ״ͨʮ˲
ǰĸҳɹһȻһЦ
ȻӢۣˣԺݴ½Щ˵ˡ֮Զɵ뵽Ҷ죬ʱпѡ
ǰǵ̽䣬ղ˵ﱻһҶɱˣ֪ɷʵһʵһ߼ǿǶԷԡ޴ڡǱȼЩʥءԺĳɲǵܹĴڡ
Ҷ죿֮Զüͷɻǣ
ŮʣĻ֮һŮʡһʱеղƹ˵ﱻҶɱˣ
Ů֮Զ۾һɣ˼飬û뵽ǺŮʣȻһ
⣬Ҷɱ޽ˣҸø𣿡֮Զü漴Цҡҡͷ˵Ҳ˵ģһսǺ˶֪ˣһֻҪһ˾ˡ
£֮Զ̾˵ûȷҶɱˣû뵽ŮĻǸˣڰ˳䣡
ġһͫһ˶ҡһ£㵹ڵϡ
һ˿ϣ֮ԶĻ֮׾ˡ
֮Զݣƭô˵ıҶɱˡ
һڵ˫ĿٶȱɫĹâǳȴħԵɷ졣
ҵ졭ʣѹôǿ֮Զɫһ䣬֪һ츳Ϊôˣ˭Ҳ벻žȻһӵʵĳš
ҶΣˣϣѾԶˡ֮ԶаżֻҶѾԶˡ
һй˺һͣһ֮Զ˹֣ǰ֪ǸҶ䣬ʬ壬֪ںεأ
ɭȻǿаסеɱ
ҶһǰѾ뿪ǵˣȥҲʬ屻һ´ˣŵͼעĵص㣬Ϳҵõ֮Զȡһŵͼһ
һӹͼҲûر˱ȭǰ֮ģлص౨
˵գһһɫâʧʡ
ˣ֮ԶıӰ̾˿ѵͼһҲΪ˰Ҷһʱ䣬Ͼŵͼһ϶Ҫȥʬ塣

һۺɫľ޴սƮ˵˵һ֮С
սϣĸò绨Ůţһ仨꣬Ůʵʬ棬ˡ
ŮΪĻ֮һ϶ֹô£䣬ЩѾӹˣﻹᡣ
ĸŮŮʾˣŮʶǲãҲԸŮһ̡
Ůʣ㰲Ϣɣ
ū˵һֱ˼ĺڿԿˣĸžۣҲ޺ˡ
˸ͷˣлľ֮

ĸŮع¿ͷ
䣡
ͻȻһ졣
ĸŮɫһ䣬ⲻǿͷΪ̫ˡ
˭ĸŮæͷʱһսϣɵɫһ䣬ʵ
һɨĸŮһۣ˵ͷܺãĲҲǵġ
˵գһֱŮʣˮҲ̲ס
ʲôĸŮȣҪֹһȴͻȻһŮʹʹޡ
ĸŮʱһ£ǸŮʶ꣬ɴûŮʲôѡ˵ģô˸ɥ
ףü֮䣬ŮʵЩƣͻȻһŮϸؿһһ˵
Ůһϸһһ淢һŮЩơ
ѵ
ĸŮͻȻһۣԼ뷨ˡ
ʱһſŮʵؿڣʹ޵
ԴˣĸŮ֪ԼĲ¶ˣǷǳɣŮʵĺӲѾôͻȻ
ĸŮû˵ȵһйˣСʵˣ
һ˹еˮ񣬿ĸŮʼĩ
ȻǵѾõϢҪΪŹκһˡ
ĸŮæʼĩһһ
һտտһֱΣͻȻ䣬ҶõǸӣԲĵ˵Ϣȴڶ̶̼촫Ǻ϶ڱҪɱҶ죬óû֮
ĸŮһǴûⱳˣϸһ룬ȴһ˵ĺе
Ǵ˷ųϢҲߣҶҪɱҲҪᣡһߵгɱǲ뵽ˣԲŹһ
ˣ˽ȥ飬ȥ׷ɱҶ졣ĸŮһۣΪ׵һ˹˵
ã֮ǴŴȥ۹ĵšһ֪Լһ˲ã˵ͷһƬ鲼ҧָд֡
һ
ɫĴ֣鲼棬ĸŮʧɫ
ɫѪҺŮʵ˵ûĺһʵţĸŮ𾪲ѡ
ǿ֪ΪǺһͻȻʵĸŮ𾪡
ĸŮһü
ΣһŮСҡҴ֪һ㡭
˵һ
Ůæ˵ҼǵһŮʺˣ˵Щʲô͵͵һŵ˼ģǵŵļϽϳ˵ţŮʾһЩˡ
ˣСĵ飬ֻҪ֪˵ݾȥ۹ҡһ̧ƣֹסǸŮĻӳʧʡ


539 γɹ

УҶ쳤³һӣɫĹâ֡
û뵽ҼЩһ׶ΣҲķµʱ䡣ȻתսԽԽѡҶ̾
뿪ǵѾµʱˣ˾תսһ׶ε
ʱһ¥Աȼۼǿˡ
Ҳ˵ҶڵΪֻսѾԿۼǿˡ
ⲻ츳ԽǾתսʵ
ľתս壬Ϳ۾֮гۣҶֻ˵һ׶ΣҲڵǿˡ
ٿں磬ǺǣҶ΢΢һЦ֪ԼһΣΪҪˡ
û˷ʱ䣬Ҷɾתսһ׶ε֮ϾͿʼں硣
¡¡һ˲䣬ҶıʮС븡֣ɢųҵĹâһſҫ۵ǳ
ҶϥƯڰУλʮСģͬһԶ顣
˿ֲټǰεľ飬һںӦ׵һˡҶ΢΢һЦš
ľ飬Ҷ쿪ʼһС磬ںϡ
עǷǳģҶѾϰˣ˷ܣΪ֪ÿһС磬봫˵еΨһԽԽ
Ҫ֪ЩӵʵţҪΨһҲǳѣеһ޷ɹ
ҶһٸСΨһ磬Ǽֱ˸ǰδУעҪݴ½ʷ
Ψһ磬ʷǿΨһ磬һԺɨͬǿߡ
Ҫ֪һƽߣֻҪΨһ磬߼Ϊ۷弶š
ЩʵţܹΨһ磬ԽżʮΪǿš
ҶԼѾܹԽ߰˼ˣôǿΨһ磬Լ֪ԼҪǿ󵽺ֵز

䣡
߿УһٷУͬһݴ½ķȥ
û뵽Ϊұʮ˲ȴ㱻ϳ˵ţߣģЩĳϡһҲŹһӱ䣬ɫ۾ɷ
ǻۣͨǸŮһλѾǰ
꣬ʲû¶ʱѾ츳˵ãųƵǿš
ʱһ緢ţҲֻܹѹһ
ĵλעԸǳԵ԰ڴڼ䣬Ȼ˲ٵŵĳϡӡ
ȻһԸǸûаЩ˷
ϧǣʮ˲汻˼ʮ꣬õŵ˶Ϊˡ
νĸƾӹһڵʱŮڵڼֱԺߣ˭˳ȭû¡
һԵԸ񣬻Ǹѧģĸһ
һһŮʾˣ綼ˡĸˣһгıԹıԹνǷˮת
õ飬ȻŮʺôҲǵŵˣһķϣǿס
ŮǱһЩϸϳ˵ţΪ˶յĳˣŮһֱӵǺһ
Ϊʲôôⶼһġ
Ҷ죡
һ۾ɭ¶ɱ
ɱĸ֮𣬲졣

һҶۣ°ƮڴϣԵôС
Сϣһ꣬һͣԴ
ܹȶֵ꣬ҵ𣿡ǳаˡ
飬Ҷȥ˱仯֮
ٺ٣᣿ҵں򽣣һʮ꣬ʱ㻹ءаٶ
ȻôôԴСһССҪᣬҲʥǰЦ겻м
ٺ٣ⲻжᣬںϡһں֮Ǿµ꣬ңҲ㣬һǿꡣа˵
Ļ㻹ʲôֱ𣿡ߵ
㲻Ҹ㣬ǿߣҲֻеһҪȥӹ磬Ϊҵ꣬ҲϧаͻȻЩɣ
һŵ棿ʲô棿ֻ֪ؼǿĴڣ
ĿǳƬأֻеĲ׺һڡ㱻ڱʮ˹һƴ뿪ʮ˹ǰݴ½ҲҪӹʵһġа˵
ҪԼ˫ȥݴ½ǳΪһˣˡ
ԵĻҲôϧаһ̾ȴûм˵ȻɭЦ
ٺ٣ΪҲ֪뷨㲻ȥɱǸҶСӣƫҪȥҾҪɱԼѣڻں֮г١
аЦ
Ǹħ˫һӱѪɫһӱɫ˸ͣ
Ƭ򳹵һ޴ĽâӺ𣬾һֲľκˣأƲ񷡣
ûõģ̫ˣֻʣһ˿л꣬ҲʥǿߵĲл꣬ٺ٣аЦ
ŭڵӣɫɺѪҺ˫Ŀ
䣡
ʢֻ۾棬ѪɫĹ˺գ캳ء
ȥҶСӣرʮ˹һŵţ΢΢¶аЦݡ
䣡
񽣣˺ƣʧʡ

޴սʻݴ½
αչˬһΪļˣУ˵˳չ˫ۣЦ
ʦ磬ʲôļСӱı˹Ĵ۾棬ɻ
ʦԸץ޳ƲݸЦ
ۣҪԴ⣬ʦȥץСӶʱ˷ܵؽк
һԵ˹ЦʵϹӣҶӻڱչ𣿡
ǰҶһ̿࣬ұչ£ͼֲסˣֲҲҶ硣˵Ҷ죬֮ɫ
չģαչ£˵ֱǰδУĵĵһΡ
΢΢һЦ˵Ȼ츳ȺǾͲ
ţҼ̸ѧˣҼҪҶ̿С㰵뵽Сӣһ߱Ѫħȥˡ

ʱУҶ컺չһ˫ҵӡ
ɹˣû뵽Ȼں綼ɹˡҶ˿ͷ󺹣·𱻺ˮϣȴ˼˷֮ɫ
ںɹҶ֮С
ǳɹں֮ҶоǳţûںϵΡû뵽⾹ȻɹˣȻЩѣԱǰ˹
ȻɹˣղŻΣգԱˡҶЩ£иԼһ棬ԺԲô̰ðһԼϾŮ񲻿ԶվԼߡ


540 ʽ
ںˣϢһʱ䣬ЩʱΪ
ҶӴ˳
ԣֻҪں֮Ϊֻʱ⣬ܿܳɹûһ˿һѶȡ
ԣҶ첢ż
νҲһζصıչأʱҲҪһ£һһڣܸõ
Ѫ֮ޡһѪһ硭СڴͷģرѪħҶ첻ݸ
ôͻᱳˣҶĵ˹ȥСӵСԴ
ʦ磡СӿҶ죬ʱϲ
ǺǣһԵ΢Ц˹Ҷˣ˷Ϊˣ
Ҷ˵ͷʵСأôڴϣɻΪսϲûзֶƵӰΧҲûжƵϢ
ϹҲǰòųأȻȥץˣˡ㲻˵֮ǰҲȥŻġ
ңڶƵʵǿʰ˼ǿߣֻҪǺûеˡ
ҶȻҲģԵͷٶʣǿСӵ
ҲǺϵ̫СûˣֻܡġȻڱѪħ
˵Ҷ찵𾪣֪º󣬶š
̲޶ۣǴޣֻҪģһţҶ۾һ
֣һӵʵţ޶ۣ˵ȥ
νţ츳ǻҲȺǵԲŻǿ
ӵʵţһˣһ棬Զˡ
Ҷ֮ǰССӡ
Ҫ꣬Ҳٹ£̾ܳΪˡҶЦŶ˵
ϲɷһĶСϣСܹΪߣζЦѡ
лҶӵĽ̵мҶǵĶʵ̫ˣ㻹ΪҶΪСӲôġ֪ҶҲһλӵʵź֪ԷΪСӣϾСӾɳҲﲻҶ졣
Ӧõģ̿ҵΨһӣҶЦ˵뿪ʮ˹û뵽Լôһӡ
ҶãԿ㣬ץʲôöˣͻȻһЦԶ
Ҷתͷȥֻһ޴ޣ̤ն
㣡Ҷ쿴ͷ޵ģʱ۾һ
ҶҲԹ㣬Ǳζȡ΢΢Щȣ⺣Ǳζϡ٣ҲûгԹΣû뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼʶ
ҳһΣȷζȣпڸˣҶҲѵøһǰǰ칬;ץһͷǳóԣ
ôóԣСʦʦôޣˮʱֻĴ۾ź㡣
СèһСӵСԴһ˵ԣСӱʲô
̣ʦһտкһһһССèʱ
ССɴأǧĺ㣬Сһ־˦˹
һԵĶʩչ˵ӡϵƬ޳ĸɸɾ
Ҷ쿴ҡͷ˵ŵǿѧȻۣ˵֪»ᱻѪ
һһСȻǵһθˣǳûһ򣬱㽫ɾȻܺľܣʼտ
Ҷһߣȴżڵζ
Ϧ£յԣնȾ˵ɫ
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ζţǺ㣬þûгˣǻͻȻһаһ˿ɣζҶ˵ĶС
Ҷɫһ䣬Ȼûз˽ӽǣ˵˵Ϊǿࡣ
Ҳɫ䣬͵̧ͷķ
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֮ԶĻҶһ̲סʵ
֮ԶææӣȻѾ֪Σգֻǲ֪֪Ҫɱ֪Ҫɱ
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Ҷһ˿ϲɫѪţοһջ񣬴ѪҺǿȵͽʵѪҺҪǿһ֣תսڶ׶ˡ
ĻһʵľѪҶ찵˷ܣȻΣգջҲܴ
ҶСѣ˽һ۹ĵšſ۹ǰĴɣǰ벽𼶱ǿߣ˵һλ𾳽ڡǰ۹һҪСĽ֮Զѵ
ƺͽ̫ɽʱһǿɣһɣݴ½ҲһȻﰡ
һΪҪɱңҶȴüʵ
̫ɽͶҲؿ֮Զ
һһҪɱҶ죬޼ֱɱ֮𣬶ҶȴʶͲò˺ˡ
֮ԶԿЦҲû뵽ǸɱŮʣһ
ʲô
Ҷ˶ʱĿɿڴ³һΪŮʻ̫ģû뵽һǺĺȻӵһλʵŶӡ
Ҿ˵ŮôУⶼǿĶӣҶʱɵ뵽ŮѹļʮڵңŻȻ
᳤ˣŮһĶӣô䵽Ǻ̫ɽɻ
ҶͶҲɻѣһ츳ǾǵеĴôԼǺеĻߣһ˵Ҳ谡
֮Զһ̾ǲ֪һǳԸΪʵشŵʮ˲Ӷʮ֮áŵ˶ΪˣŮû֣ǵĵųϸ˳ŲòӵǺġ
ʮ˲ʲôҶ쾪ȵ
ǵһĥӵطڵŵʷϣҲδ˴ͨʮ˲һǿţȻ׳٣·۹츳ǵһˡ֮Զò޵
̫ɽͶᣬһǵĸо̫ˡ
̫Ҳˣ̫ɽ̾
֮Զ࿴Ҷ죬صҶСѣ˸㣬յŵŹ棬Ǵͨʮ˲ĵӣԶΪһεҲ˵һǵŵ˵ŵŵɱȨȻһǽ۹Ȼܵ׷ɱҪСĽ
ңһŸոճʮ˲츳Ҫ˶೤ʱ䣬ʵᱩʱҲһ֮С
֮Զһĵǡ
Ҷ磬ҪǸ·ߣӱĵ۹½ɣ굹һɵöҶ˵
̫ɽҲҶ죬ǳͬƵ顣
ˣǾ۹Ҷ۾һУâңš
֮ԶƺԤϣ̾Сѣౣء
᳤ߣҶ챧˱ȭ漴Ŀ֮Զȥ
Ҷ硭ȵ֮ԶԶ󣬶ƻȰȴҶϡ
߱·Ҫķ߰ʱ䣬һһûʸҺķôʱ䣡Ҷŵ˵
Ҷֺ㶼£˾ʹһ۹̫ɽһ漴Ц
ðɣһҪٸʣµöһ͸һҧóɢŷǳֲĲ
Ҷͽ̫ɽһ㻹
үүҵģǰ벽֮ǰöҵġǰҲ֪һôǿöˣһ϶ɡͷһ֮ɫ
ҪǰһôͿˡ
ûϵ´Ҳô޻֮ߣҶļŵ˵
ţҲҪʵʱֵһ𱩴һԴЦ
ֵܣ̫ɽȭЦ
Ҷ۾һЦȻˣ˾ڴˣԱΪ֤ΪֵܣΣ
̫ɽͶԣ۾һͬã
˵Źı
Ҷ죡ҶٱŴ󺣺
ҽ̫ɽ̫ɽҲ
Ҷƣû뵽ҶΪֵܡ
ϣΪ֤ˣսΪֵܣӴиͬͬΥģ׺䶥
ϣΪ֤ˣսΪֵܣӴиͬͬΥģ׺䶥
ϣΪ֤ˣսΪֵܣӴиͬͬΥģ׺䶥

˾ٱһȻ໥԰ݣһۣ׷״Ц
һԿҲѪȣѣϧжҲС
СӵǽҪУȴԴƵضڵϻȦȦ
ȻǽΪֵܣҲӦиףǿôأ˴Ц֮󣬽̫ɽ
ƵЦʵСװɣǿҪչСܵܣ
ƻܣ̫ɽЦ
ˣҶҲЦŵص˵ͷ̫ɽʵǿɣ
ƶԴûκ
̫ɽȴҡҡͷ䲻ͬȻ֣ϾһӣҲߴ󣬳еʥ
ʵҲ֮ǿһҶЦ
ֻʱģ츳Ҫ˶þͻᳬԽңɣ̫ɽֵ
ͬûҶͽ̫ɽ˭
ôУҶƴǵ
̫ɽҲܾ磬۲ѣöͷˡ
Ҷӣӣҿ˭ں硯ǩɣү˭硣ʱ
Ҷͽ̫ɽԣ۾һ˵ã
£óֽһдˡ硱֣ȻճţһץһҶͽ̫ɽǰ
ǿɲҪֻܿ£˵
Ȼ
Ҷͽ̫ɽͬǶں硱ȻˣʲôֶΡ
ƸСӶһԣؿš
Ҷͽ̫ɽһѡһģȻǲ¶û¡
˿ٴֽš
ǿյģӲˡ̫ɽֽź󣬶ʱϲɫһؿҶ졣
ҶЦԼֽġ硱֣ɵһ
СܣôоƵģ


545 
ͣ
һСϣһѪˤڵϣһƬҳɫһ԰ֽһɫһɫˡ
ɣ񣡡
һⷢݣҧгݣû뵽ƾȻӵôֲʮ˲Щջ񣬽Ӳˡ
Ҫǣ۹һţŵȻڼ֮
ǺҪ۹Щ֪»ᱻЦ
Ҷ죬ҳҪߣһϻָһƣȻصˡ
Ҷ˵٣֪ȥ۹ǺѰǣȥ۹ݴ͡
ң۹ӪŵַӶܽҶˡ


޴ս˷ˣݴ½ӽ
ʮ̫ɽЦݵ߳գзǳ⣬ıչأΪٴһ㣬ﵽʮ
ʵϣʹﵽʾż۷ˣϴ߲һսܵһǿһ򣬴ƿ̤ʮ
Ҿ۾ҲԶˣ̫ɽңš
磬Ҳһﵽ弶ˡƹЦŴӴ߳һ緢ӡ
̫ɽȴüǳܣ˵ǰŸոսļôôˣٶȣĸܲȡ
磬ٿҲȲϴ磬ŵĻȴأ϶һƲƲȷʵЩ̰ðˣЩɶ
û취Σ˵æڵǰվʸûС
ƺôǸ˵ŵ츳ҲȻԸԼôܣҪ
ߣľתս嶼һ׶ˣ۾磬Ҳ᲻ȣԶˡ̫ɽߵ
ˣˣұ֤һ֮ھԲһΪŬȶ˰ɣƶʱ£ԴͶȴӡ
͸ˣһ֮ڣҪΪŬ˵ӡ̫ɽٺЦһͷаˬ
ϵ£νǲˡ̾˿
˵ʲô̫ɽüͷ
ûûʲôæ֣ϽһСȥˡ
۹ʦ壬ڳΪˡֻСӱı˹˵ӣս
ҿ̣ҲһƶʱЦá
СǼֱһͷڱܣսϡ
㶼ں׷ϡ
һСƨó̫ɽ˹ĿضСӣг˾̾
Ǵ˵ӵʵţ̫ˣճΪߣڼΪҪ˶öܳΪˡ
̫ɽ𾪡
̹ԣܣڸһסСӣŽ̫ɽͶƿЦΪ̫ˣ᲻ܲãҵȣ
Ȼȣһһ٣Сӿ˼ʮԷ˷ۣһĽʺ޵˵
̫ɽȴǺݺݵصһۣǳͲҪ˵̵ĸȶˣҲû¡
ͷİɣûµģȫѪⶼΪȻȻģõҩѻΪһ
̫ɽĻ˿λۼʵ˵ĻȻš
ùߣƲƲ죬֮ɫ
ʲôأ
һϤȻӴ֮д
ʦ磡
磡
Ҷӣ
˶ʱͷȥʱɵϲ
һɫǳ۵Ҷ컺һ˫ڵӣ˸Īʣ˾Щۡ
˻磬Ҳ̫˰ɣһۣ˲ͿҶΪȼʱһ
̫ɽҲ𾪲ѣ磬ΪҼֱǰδš
ҶЦЦߵ֮·˲ͬȻޱȣһֻҪɹջҲǷǳġ
ҶӣڳΪˣʲô𣿡˵̸Сӣ˹
߼
ҶɨСһۣһ̾ãӵʵţһͽ
ɲҶĽˣʦҲˣͽҲôһĽʺ޵
̫ɽԹЦСӵøϽŬҪ̳ԽˣǾûˡ
ߣѾ弶ˣ̾ʵţҪ׷Ҳܡŵ˵
ǿɲһŶҲ֪ӵе֮壬ΪܿġҶЦ˵
漴ͷģû£Ϊǲ죬ƲԼѡҲҪĥս飬Ҳȼƽպ󳤴ٵҲ١
Ҷô˵֮УҶ졣
Ҷ磬쿴ڵݴ½ˣͻȻվڴͷϾ˷ܡ
ҶһæܵͷҲ֮
ֻǰԶһɫ·ӳȥ֪ﳤʵĺ֮Уһ׳Ĵ½˵֮С
ݴ½Ҷʢ˫ȭգ巢
ˣ˿̶̲סˡ
ôˣݴ½ˣڼҪ
оһɰǵĵطǿ߸ôĵط̫ɽ̾
ݴ½ҸоԼҲصˣֱܱȰҲѵøпһ¡
ҲǼޱȣɷһֱǺûһܹ̤ݴ½
ߣսֱӷɹȥҶһ̤նȲҪɵݴ½ˡ
̫ɽơæ
ҶսˣһӿٶȣǰƬĴ½
žĽӽҶԽܵݴ½ĺءʵͲɣ·һˣؿҶ˵
ٶȺܿ죬ֻ˰ʱݴ½
˵Ĳݴ½ҲٻȥˡҶ̤ݴ½غжȻһɹУ·ļңǸʮ˹
Ҷа𾪡
Ҷ磬ǰǣҪȥ𣿡ƿҶ죬ղ̽ǰ治Զһ޴ĳǳأ뵺ĳǳػҪöࡣ
Ȼȥǳէ̽һ۹һЩϢ𲻿ܵŵĵ̾ˡҶЦ
һ϶ôưոݣǻȴ˵̫ɽ˵ͷ˵
߰ɣҺ֪۹Щǿţ֪ǵĲж󣿡ҶŵЦ
϶Ȳϴ磬ǿҪǿһЩЦ
ݴ½۹ʵҲǳǿ¶ܽǰʮ̫ɽ̾
ǰɣ𺳡
Ҫ֪ݴ½۹˵˵츳ֱֵһᡣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ


546 
ٺǣ۹һǳأλ۹Ե
ƫƧĵطǲдǳصģΪ۹ĵһͷԲŷչѸͣޱȣڹڶһĴǳء
ٺǳǽޱȿǧŸǸߴޱȣǳ¥ֱ񷣬ΪˡԶԶȥһͷ̫ޣſݴ½棬ؿŹȺ
ʱڲԶĴ棬꣬һźӵٸ˵Ц
ò£⼸Ҷһˡ
磬ٺ۹ҲСһڴҪҪһ£̫ɽҶ죬Щǵʵ
㵱ʱñսģһϲ㣬㼱ʲôҶϷŰ֮ɫ
̫ɽڨڨһЦǵҶǱϳ
İɣܵĹһ϶˲أڶһָĹﻹʱǱڲܡҶЦŰڰ֣Ƚǳء
ڽǵʱһ˽һƷʯвɵð۹ڣǶҪʯһһ֡
Ҷ֪ݴ½ϣǳҪһƷʯСǳֻҪһƷʯˣҲнƷʯеȳǳء
Щ۶ųǡǳأҪʮ顢ٿƷʯ

һٺǣҶ˱㿴޾ķ֣ϳˮӵڣڽֵԵһ̣ҲǸ¥Ա߻һޱȡ
𣬼Ʒտˮ͹ʱˡ
ϵȵɽԹƤսµļƷϣֻҪŰپʮ˿Ʒʯ
¿ţһƷȫۡ
Ѫ˦
һֵĳǳأҶۻңܵȺǳӵ
ݴ½𣿵ߣǿҲ洦ɼ۶ʱس֣̫ˣ
ȺУҶޱ𺳡
ݴ½ĵһǳأȻôǿߣ˵ʮ˹Щ죬ҲȲ
ǿ̫ˡ
һԵĽ̫ɽơˣҲһһȺ֮ͷĹˣ˷ܡ
ҶǴȺУ׼һҿջס£ȻٴϢ
ȻҶȺƳһϤӰɵ۾һ
ףǲǶ
ҶЩϲμӴʱڳֹٰĿϼˣҲǴ׹һ˲õš
Ҷǵãǵһ뿪ʮ˹ˣ˵Ǹ޷ġ
ڵһ˵УΪֱǵ׵ģҶ챾Ϊˣû뵽ԷȻݴ½ҽ
ν磬ҶæŶƵ˼˹ȥ
ʱڽֵԵһСһڳܺߺȣǰϣڷһƤһЩ⡣

ͻȻһϤ붫С
ţⲻҶ𣿡һɨȺһۣȴûпҶӰ
һǺͿˣҶôݴ½Ҳһͣ
ûҶ죬ɵԳЦЦߺ
Ҷ켷Ⱥǰһ΢Цؿ
ʱɴ۾ҶһȻ۾ŵ˵ҶҶ죿
ĺţҶ쾹Ȼǰ
˵Ҷ죬㻻ɱıʮ˹߳ǰҲ˵
ʵ̫ѵˣû뵽ټʮ˹ߡ
ŶӣҶҲ겻ѣʮ˹вˣǻľͷǳˣݴ½ľøˡ
ԣκһʮ˹ߣҶ춼ܼ

һҿջУҶ໥̸
Ҷ죬ʲôʱٺǵģһ𣿻⼸λǣȻޱȼһһһȲʵ
Ҷ΢ЦλҵĽֵܣһ˵ŵĵӣһӵܣСһ̣յĵӣ㡭
Ҷ򵥵ظǽһ£̼
࣬𺳲ѣΪԼ͸ҶΪơ̫ɽΪҲ͸
Ψһܹ͸ľˣһȴ𾪵˵
ΪһšʮСȻ߼ΪҪ֪ôʱ򣬻أ
뿪ʮ˹Ѿʮˣ֮ǰǡҶ򵥵˵һԼľ
ջؿ̵ţ֪Ƶ˵Ĳҿһ̾ϢҶ졣
أѾˣ޷硢ٻأҶ˵֮󣬱Ȳʵ
һ뵽ԼʱȻЦʱ򻹺ã⣬ʧ󣬵Ǻ
۾ˣҶ찵̾ѣĶҲ԰쿴˵ʲô꿡ܣһЩҰҲˡ
һż˵Ǻĺ̫ˣǻÿ춼ڱ׷ɱжɹյһ߾ͬʬ壬Ϊǲ뱻ǺϣǴǵĹǻһصʮ˹
Ҷ۾ҲˣܹʱĲҿ󷽺׷ϣǰδ֪ΣգǺյһ߾ͬʬ塭
ݴ½Ǿʣˣ޷ҪȥԴҽٻٻҪȥѧԺޣҡЦһ£Щ˵۹ѧԺ̫Զˣʵ˵ʱѾǺˣһٺǵķٱ㲻ˡ
Ҷص˵ͷԶǵΪȴǲٻһǰѧԺȲ˵ѧԺ¶һʲôΣգҲΪٻۡ
ͬ湫һȥ۹۶ˣԺõ۶ʺ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ⹫УҲѵˡ
ǳٻһ·ȥѧԺޱȣ˵ǾһҲ˶١
޷ǳȣҶ첢İΣ
ˣмҪ㣬߲ûҶȻԶ˵
ʲôһ漴ҡͷⲻܣۿȼѪϺ󣬾ܹҲˣ϶ᱻɱ
ǺߣɱħʣΪǺĻ֮һҶ˵
⡭ʱ˵ˣĻʵĴȻ˼·Ϊ˱ܿĻʺ;
ħʣǸֱǺһĻеǿߡȻ߸ɱˡ
ڵܲҲˣ˶ᣬһǿа꣬ѹס꣬ѾʶǸˣǰҪɱңԺҪԶԶģҶѵ
ٴα㶣߻ˣ߱ˣ߱˶ˣҪɱҶ죬оԴЩˡ
ЩҶ˵ģɶԷǲڿЦƭ


547 
ߵ𾪣Ǹ̾ߺܸмû뵽߻䵽³治֪ǸһǸź
ô˵ǻмϸϸӦþ߱˿ˣȻʲôΡ
ҶҲ뵽ᵽǸϸ˭Ҳ벻ߣ϶Ǹаɵ¡
һֱסٺ𣿡Ҷʵ
ԿЦҿķӣסٺǸһСϣ￿ٺǣҲҪ޹
ʲô㣿׼ȥѧԺҪҪһ𣿡Ҷһʵòһʮ˹ߣܰǸðһ¡
϶ҡҡͷǸʱȲ㣬Ժֻ㡣Ѿˣȴ湻ʯԼϼѣһȥҲĳһ컹ܽΪʡ
ȻˣҲǿˣЩʯ°ɣҶ˵ͷ漴óһָ·һƷʯݸ
ûи࣬Ϊ˷ԶãϾû㹻ʵ޷㹻ı϶ܵ˵Ŀġ
лˣмر˱ȭҲûпҶݴ½ҲûжƷʯֻһ⡣
ûпǴָսԼСС
Ҷһй۹¼ʲôֵעģϾէҪ˽һЩϢ
Լ֪һһҶ죬Щ˷ܵҪ˵۹ʲôǿ϶ǡԡˣӼǰʼ۹ضһȣйءԡĻʤһҾ¥йⷽۡ
ŶҶ쾪ȵʲô
磬ϵĳ˵̫ɽʱԺѡȡѧԱķʽÿʱ䣬Ժֿŷ֮ءǴӻӱǰʣʸ֮أһȺˣֱӽԺ
˵ͷˣݴ½ϵÿ۹лԣֻҪʾΪʸУ˭ܹǰܴ۹ȥ֮ء
磬Ҳϵ˵˵ԷǳΣգҲμӣҺԿƼ˵
ҶʱȻһ۹ʲμӣҪг嵽ǰǳѡοܹ֮صʣǾһǿߣҪԺô򵥵顣
磬ݴ½ʵҲǳŻģһҪμӣ̫ɽҲᶨ˵
һԵĶ࣬ĵҲ̫ţˣҲμǸųƵĻԣǾȻҶ磬ҶʵѾǿֵز
μӣȻμӣܹݴ½棬֮ҶЦ
̫ɽͶƶʱһϲɫ
Ҷ죬Կɲ򵥣ֻҪμӵˣɱ¾һٸʽȥֻһ˻ųң󲿷˶߼ϵǿߣ˵һǿߣǳЩĵѵ
Ȼ͹Ҷֵܵʵ
ͷĺˣƾҴͶı£˵һǰʮǿԳȥģŵЦ
Ҷͽ̫ɽҲš
ҡͷ֪Ҷ츳ˣݴ½ɲǱʮ˹ǸСط
޷硢ٻҲǳٺǣóһǿߣԶǡ
ԣҶ˷ǳãǿҶ켸˼ᶨҲֻһ̾ٶȰ
ҪμӻԵĻȥȡһƣĻûʸġˣʱ䣬ǻԿʼʱ䣬ȥǻܸϵϡѵ
Ҷ˵ͷ˻⣬۹Щ鷢
Уݴ½ϵĵ۹ÿ춼д鷢Ц˵ЩɢޣƽЩʱ䡣
ǰõϢŵһһľŴͨʮ˲ѾΪŵˡһ˲ã۹һţ˲²⣬ڵ۹ûһ˱츳ǿ˴λԣһѾǺܶ˿õĵһˡ˵
һҶͽ̫ɽ˶һۣ֮ɫ
֮⣬۹ɣҲų⼸꣬νȫҫ͵Ǳʮ˹ȥ칬սһţҪǿˣӵʵţҶֹˡ̾
ݴ½֪ʮ˹жôСǵֱǾ֮ܣ۹ֱֵһᡣ
֪ÿж˲μӻ𣿡ҶͻȻʵ
˵ͷ۹ʮǣÿаʲμӣĻǧˡ
˻
ƺͽ̫ɽʱһ
ɲǧͨߣǧʰ
Ҳֻݴ½ĵ۹Ŀֲ
ҶҲôˣʱɱ¾ǿ϶Ѫɺӣ׹Ǳأֱ˼
ܹǧ˵ӱһʣѾһǰһˡ
ҶͶ˼䣬ˣˣҪϽǣϾɲ뻨ʯڳڹҹ
Ҷ켸˳էҲٳȥй䣬Իݺ󣬱ϢϢ
峿Ҷϼһ𣬳ٺǵġ޴ڡȥ
Ҫתսڶ׶ҪƷÿʵ˵Ԥһ𣬾Ϊ˲μĻԣҲҪʵ
˵ʾμӻԣǺܶ˶߼ϺμӻԣϾŻᱣһЩ
ܶѾǰ벽ˣѹΪ׼μԣҪ֮ء
磬ҺͶȥῴ˵Ž̫ɽһˡ
ٺǵġ޴ڡһҲǵġ޴ڡһȥ֮󣬵ߵӰ죬С
Ҷһ˹ţһԱһµڣ˵Լ⡣
ǹһҶҪƷʵľѪæֿЦλȵȣҪıֻǻ᳤ܾ
ͷˡҶͷȻ֪Щ᳤еȨϾҪĶǼֵʮڡ
޴ڵЧʺܸߣûʱ±ҶȥĻ᳤ˡ
Ҷ⣬޴ڻ᳤Ȼһλ벽ǿߣЦеشҶ죬Ц˵λҶҶӰɣһ˹תսڶ׶εıͲµˣ
ҶԲɵóԾؿǰλǿĺ׷ߣԼûԱԷͲ³Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ҶԾӣλ᳤ЦĸӿˣЦ˸㣬ͩСǰôŸңҲ֪ҪˣҪĶѾ׼ˡֻʾѪ㻹ȥǵ޴ڣʾѪ
ҶԶʱȻиӸмͩˣλ뵺޴ڵĻ᳤ǰһһæ


548 ɳĮ
ʮڶƷʯҶ޴ڹʾѪתսڶ׶ε
ڣֻȱʵľѪһһʾѪҶֻʵľѪ
ɵڶ׶ԽԽˣҶзǳڴ
úҶ᳤ҵ̫ɽһˣһ˲ٱ׼ʵ
̫ɽô౦Ϊ˳벽۾磬ĻμӻԾ͸аˡ
һЩı߾ȶʵ
Ҳմ˹⣬õ˲ٱ˵Щʾкܴˡ
Ҷ˶ڻĦȭƣ׼ڻʱ¡
ϧֻʣʮƷʯˣȹʾѪ֮ټõģ¾ˡ
·ϣҶ鿴һԼʯΡ
Ϊ⻨ʯҲˮһһתۣʮھûˡ
ڵʯֻܰɵڶ׶εڵ׶Ρ
ȻСӵľѪԼٺܴĿ֧ԱҲֵʮڣҶ˵ҲҪ׼ʮƷʯŹá
һһɣʱ취Ҷ̾Ϣһתս壬ҲҪ㣬ڵ߲㣬ʱ붼ˡ
ǿҪʥǿ֮һľѪ𶼵·̸ȥɱʥˡ
ǵľתս壬Ҳͬˡʱ򣬿һЩǿߣ϶Ȳ
˻ǡһ򣡡
һСϣóҶ͸Ĵָؽ־̽У˲ͱʯˡ
ָ棬һѶѵƷʯһ򡣶ٴ̽һ飬һûп
Ҷ쾹Ȼôʯ֮࣬ҲжҪ֪ǰҶ죬ҸҶĹϵǺܺãû뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼ˴
У츳ҺãҸҪЩʯҲ˽ˡҧҧǿдջָ֮ԭ·ٺǡ
һһػȥʱ䣬Ҷ뿪ٺǣһȥˡ
εشӿջ֮гüͷ壺ҶӦȥˣһ·ޱΣգҵʵ˵׷»ڰ·ϡ
Ҫ֪۹Ҳôƽ˳ǳڰȫ⣬ǷǳΣա˵ЩµޣҲɱӣΪʯ޶¡
ʯΪһ޴ڵǿ߱ȥţܰʦѧˡ
Ļ⿿Լȥ°·Ͼͱ޸ˡ
ûʵΪ۹ǷǳΣյģ۹ֱǴ·ɫ
Ҽˣ
ҧҧģǺķ꣬ѾǰǸ˽Ķˡ
£ϻذҵǼѣʼǰš

Хɳ죬찵أһƬɭ
û뵽⿿ĵطȻһɳĮ漣ƿǰĴɳĮɵЦҡҡͷ
ҶüؿǰֻһƬӲӵɳĮˮͣ˷ɽ£ǵǰ·ϡ
ɳĮСĵ㣬˵ﳣʼ޳ûۼҲС̫ɽ̯޴ĵͼص
Ѿܵܶ޵Ϣϵļ𣡡Ҷ˵ͷȻ㱧СӣԼС档
мƲƲ죬˵磬ڵʵǿˣһССɳĮ
С޴̫ɽߵ
߰ɣϹأʮµ޶СӴʮĽҺͶܡҶ˵գ̤ƬųɳĮġ
ƺͽ̫ɽæϡ
˵ƬɳĮŹ֣ĵطɳĮΪȶʧȥˮγɵġǳˬ죬̫
ɭţż紵ս
Ҳ֪ɳĮγɵġ
¡
ȻҶоˡ
ж̫ɽͺȵ
ƴʱҲоµɳĮԽԽ·ʲôӵص׳Ƶģز
ৣ
Ҷ˶ʱڿն
䣡ͬʱһЫһľޣɳĮ˳Ǳ̣·һǹ͸ɭĹâĶƺХ
СġҶѣȴûг֡
̫ɽҲЫֻ߼ʵǶƵĶ֣Ҳûг֡
úãһ漴ϲ־һǳҵĵâͺ;Ыβײһ
ͣ
˵ۣƵһûпϾЫβ̡β̼ƴŵһæ㿪
üӲۼףͷЫ򵥰Ҷ쾪̾
ûпĻӦǻЫһ֣Ыɽҽȫ֣ǳ뿪ɽ֮ϵĻͻϨҲǱӡΪ걻𸲸ȫۼ׷ǳӲǴĺòϡ̫ɽ͵
ӦüֵܸߣСƳ㣬˷ˡҶ컹û˵꣬ͿԶĶ񵶣ǰֻЫؿһ
䣡
һ˵ӡ֮ЫըƬ
Ҷͽ̫ɽʱˡ
磬磬ɣͷЫ֮󣬶طɹ˷ܵ˵
ܼӣҶ쵭ҡҡͷǰȥ
ܼӣ̫ɽ˶һۣҶһˡ
ʲô˼ôܼˣƶʱоɶͷԣЩĪô°
ѽ磬磬ǵȵң
Ҷͽ̫ɽԶƲٶ룬æŷȥ
ʱɳĮдܳ˼ֻЫųɫӣҶȥķ˻ѡ

ɳĮĳصĸ߿ϣһṲ̊նһƤü𣬿ԶɳĮ
ɶطһĲﶼûУñСȥŮӿܵɳĮа޲ѡ
ɳĮаˣеͼǣҲͼǵĵط
ΪﶼɳĮ֪࣬
СͲҲߣŮƤȷһ·򣬼Ѱ

𣡡һͷЫ˻ıϣһ꣬Цݡ
ıһͷͷЫԹԸƱƣľ
ٺ٣ƷƣΪеͼҵǸطֵطûãǵÿЩɭһЦ
óһӣЩЫһʱ˷ȥһӾʧɳĮ֮С
ߣôѰҾͲҵһŻЫʧɳĮ֮С
ףҺ֣𣿡
߿У̫ɽü
ʲôôû磬˰ɣЩԺ˵
Ҷ۾ɨɳĮȴʲôҲûз֣ʱüͷ
̫ɽһҲǸֵĵ֪Ϊʲôо궼һҪƵġ
ܿ£ﲻֹǣСĵ㣡Ҷ
˵һЩֵͨаߣõ꣬ʶһߡ̫ɽս
Ϊʲôֻûһֹ


549 ͷ
ޱߵɳĮŰɳ졣
Ҷ졢̫ɽ˵ͿշУһ·ܵٻЫĹҶѣƲ֣Ի˲ٻЫ
һת۹ȥˣǵִɳĮģֻҪٹһ£ǾܴƬɳĮŵˡ
Źȥٹǳأִǡ
Ҷƶ·ߡ
䣡
䣡
ͷЫ˳һж
УâңһƬ
Ҷͽ̫ɽۿţƵĳɳܿ죬Ըͷʰ˼ĻЫ࣬ǳɵӡ
ûãƱ㽫նɱսСС
磬磬߰ɣƷ˹˵
̫ɽüͷһȵϣôװȰɣ
磬㶼𣿡ƲƲ
ҶЦ
𡭡
Ȼһ𣬴ǰԶǿֲһף˷ɢɳĮڲ
ͬʱһɰĵɨ֮жһ
ڷһһˣۼģ̫ɽĴһսⱩǣǺطȥ
Сĵ㣬һ۶ҶѵҲ˹ȥ
ȵңҲ˷ܣڿԿһ۴ս붼
ֻһͬɽɳĮһͷ˳Ұȫǹͷһ˿Ѫ⣬ǹͷɢɫĹԣǳҫ۶Ŀ
һ˫ӣ˸ĵĹ𣬿ɭ£ֹ
һͷ
ҶԾؿǰȻк𺳡
һŨϢõҶ˶Ȼ
ţǡȻ̫ɽڹüģһɫӡǣʱɫѿ
ôҶɻؿ̫ɽ
ǰ̫ɽҧгݣǰȻ䵽³Ƴ˹
Ҷһ׽̫ɽΪʲôŭˣҪƳɹһ˵Ϊ˱֤ʵǿ󣬶Ὣʹ붼ëȻ
û˸ôϾʿɲǳصģݴ½ʶͱԼˡ
ɶ񣬱֪ˣһҪ֮أ̫ɽһͷҪλǰѡ
𣡡ѾĥԺеֻ޾ɱ¾һ̫ɽ͵һɫס
ߣ̫ɽһûмӲӡ
Ȼɫ䵽ɳĮϣʱ͡죬Χɳڻˣӿֳһ޴ӡ
ƾ
Ҷü֮䣬Ҳ¶һ˿أסǰһ¥
𣡡̫ɽһֳ޴ı壬һ
˫βײצӣ˺գмսƬضڲ
ȵ߲ƿþ̾
ҺöܽʮδĶ֣Ҷ˵ͷȴһɵӡ
Ȼʱ̫ɽѾסս࣬ǻŶλǰһ˿⣬ͽˡ
¡¡ս죬ɳĮĻЫע⣬һͷͷЫ˳ȥ
ҶͶƶʱоɳĮµмǧͷЫɳĮ˳ȥ
𾪵ǣһŮӣһڻЫϵĻ꣬ҲɳĮ˳ȥ
Ҷ뿪ʱŭصһֱۣҶɱǸĸƵġ
áҶͻȻɫһ䣬ֱӽһԵЩԺĶսСУҳں͹սĽ̫ɽܣΣգߣ
˵꣬һǣԶȥ
֪̫ɽ϶ϵġ
Ȼ̫ɽȻɻ󣬵ҶȴǳΣҲ㶪¹Ҷķȥ
𣡡
ڽ̫ɽ뿪֮һɷŭɳĮ֮´˳
¡¡ɳĮڲһɾκˣϯأն鿪ˡ
ʲôҶͽ̫ɽԶͣؿƬɳĮ
ֻɳĮ棬һֻͬɽ޴ĺɫצ˳һƾͰͷ۶ĹˣҶͽ̫ɽ
̫ǿˣ
ԲǿԿġ
磬㿴ǣ̫ɽȻƳһ²Զ˵
ҶתͷȥֻԶŮӣڻЫϵĻ꣬ҲصضͷֲĹ
˸ղʲôҶԻ
ʱͷ޴ĹѾ˳ǿֲΣҶĿɿڴһ֮£۾ɴϴ󣬻ڷ
ʲôƱҶ˳뿴淢ʲô飬һͿֲĹŵ԰ס
ǰɳĮϣһͷս׵ιޣվڲ֮´ϯ죬
ͷ޵ǳӴ󣬸ߴǧɣʮɡֻȾɽǾ޴ƣգѹء
ˣһﻹԴÿԴ涼ֻ۾ȫðĵĹ
ͬһһҲʧȥȫѪ⣬ֻ·Ǽӣǿֲƣȹǿļٱֹ
ôԶҶ˶оһϢһɾ޴ѹȸ
ţȻҶüͷһоԼСУں˯ѰͻȻ˷ܵ˹ߴߴĴš
磬쿴ʲôڴʱƵľ
Ҷ첻̧ͷȥֻͷµͷԶȥÿһɳĮһ£·һ
˳Ծǣͷסһ޴һˣһ޴ĵ¹ɳĮð˳
ǡҶҲˡ
ɳĮ棬Ȼһ޴ĹͷˣȻǿġ
ղſ϶˾ͷˣҶ찵뵽
ȴ֪ǽ̫ɽ͹սžͷˡ
ʱԶĺŮӺͻ꣬Ҷһҧгأֱӷ˹
˭ֱӺʵг˵⣬һ˿ɱ
ǺŮֱһɱ˹־춯أҶ춼ǳȣû뵽Էһš
벽ۣ㱣ܣԸ̫ɽһǺŮӼս
걾ҲҪ֣ǿ̫ɽƣʱһһ£һתٺЦţûмҶˡ
ҶɨһۣĿת߿սĽ̫ɽͺŮӡ
Ůһ벽ۣʵȴǿߣȻһ츳ǿţܹԽ弶츳ȶơ̫ɽ١
ǸҲǰ벽ۣԷŵı飬Ȼʵ
ҶȻô;޴ݴ½ţɺϣݴ½̫ˣ洦ɼˡ
Ҷ찵𾪡


550 
УŮӺͽ̫ɽû찵أնڲǿֲǧΧĻЫ˻ѡ
ʲô֣̫ɽһȭҫ۵ȭâһ̫ƬɳĮĺŮӡ
ߣŮһ־ŭû뵽̫ɽôѲʵȻ֮£Щѿˡ
˵𣿡̫ɽٺһЦ漴ɫת䣬ߵҾʹ˵Ϊֹ
£̫ɽһȫŮӡ
Էûֱɱ˹̫ɽգǸŮΣ˾ǵˣŮ
Ůӽһȫӿһ̳ɳ籩Ž̫ɽŰȥ
ףҶ첻ɵþ
һԵĻ״۾һУɭһЦƷƣǵزҵ֮ŮڵزǷ˰ھš齣ɳĵطЧá
ǣŮӣҲƷԣʱŭصǻ
ٺ٣ʶһ£ǺܺǻһҲЦе˵
Ҷ¶һ˿ЦݣҲǶͷõˡ
ʱ򣬽̫ɽһ𣬹Цԭˣ⽣»𹥡䶨ˣ
ֻ̫ɽɢҵĹâڸ߿¶ӴͬɫһĹâȫͷų
ģŮӶʱ
һԵǻֻ
֪ˣ̫ɽһѸʩչչצ״̬źŮһȵס
Ůȫֵǻ齣Ŀǣͱˣȵݺݵغɳȥ
ۣ
ŮˤڲԶɳĮϣ̲סһѪݺݵص˵ǻȻԹضŽ̫ɽҼסˣ
˵գץ𳤽һ⣬ʧʡ
̫ɽƲƲ죬ûȥ׷Ϊʵܻ࣬ܶԷȴɱ
ԭţǻǵزǼҵ֪Ѹմǻӭһɨǰŭ
Ҷ΢΢ЦЦصСˣмһˡ
̫ɽع˹֣ߵ̫ɽ
ûбҶ֣ΪſѾҶһˣɲ˷Ҷ١
ȻǻҶСӣҲûз֪Ҷ֡
ҶҲú˵ֻ֪ǻǸƷƣղʲô
ͷŵعֱҶ죬ܲҲѰвֹˡ
ǸղʲôǸʲôõҶѣ̫ɽʵ
ǻһ̾ڸҲʲôǹҲˣǼżеļأǰǱšͷԳŵĹǶ
ȻͷԳҾ;ЩϤ˵һ𣬳ʣӦͷԳһĳˡ𾪵
Ҳ˵ͷԳû뵽ҲƳ˿ܣ治֪˭ô£̫ɽҲ̾
ҶһѧЩֻ֪š
ǻһ£ɨҶһۣЦ˵λǵһ۹ɣ
ԼãҶ쵭ʵ
⻹򵥣ղͷԳǶƶɵģ۹һλǿͬʱҲһǿʦóƿܣƵĿܾܻɱˣû֪ʵжôǿ󡣡
ǻЦ˵ͷԳŵĹǰסĵطΪѰ
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̫ɽͶƶʱһȻ
Ҷ򰵰ȣû뵽һݴ½֪һλʦĴڣɱȱʮ˹ǿˣݴ½вʦڡ
û뵽ˣǱɱ𣿡̫ɽоЩޣһǰƳɹĵ׻Թء
ǰ̫޼ɵˣ˵ƳɿܣһЩ߶Ƴɿܣڡëһλǿ𣬱شúˡǻ
ô˵ˣӦߵıɣ˫ʱ
Ҷͽ̫ɽҲ۾һһλǿıأ˵ջ̫ˡ
ǻ״һ£ҡͷ˵ûȰǣͷԳǰ벽𼶱ǿߣǸǶ֡
һ뵽ͷԳĿֲҶ˶ʱйǹȷǿǵġ
ǰɣҿղҲڵ£ǲҪƲƲ
̫ɽҶ۾һУͬʱ֮ǰһĻǻǸƷƵʱҲӵ³˳
ǻԿЦͷԳȻǿ󣬵иëǾǰ˯һ˯ʮꡣԣֻҪǲǲġҺƷ׼ˣλֺ͹һսˡ
˵꣬ǻһԹؿ̫ɽ
ٺ٣̫ɽԸЦһԼ˼ҵĺ£ѹ˸ղһɱسҲŭ찡
Ҷ졢ƣڨڨģ˻˲·˵ֱɱ֮𰡣
ҲܹǺŮ̾ͳɱ
ǱǸˣҶЦһЦҪ׷ȥ˵ϲ˯Ҳ˯أ
׷ϣǿǰ벽𣡡ǻЦһЦҡͷͷԳҪһû˵ĵطԼڵ£Ȼ˯Ҫȥ˴̽һ٣õĻҵõ
ȻˣǾͲˣлȥزǣȾ̫ɽЦ
˵ЦˣҺȶˣǻЦЦȻʣתۼ䣬ʧҶ˵С
Ҷˣһİûںء
ôΣҶʵ
̧ԴЩԺʵʲôô
Ҷ췭˷ֱۣ̫ɽƶʱ£Դվһԡ
̫ɽҲҪȥزǣƷƼȻԵزǵĴ壬εЩ鷳
ˣǻҲһЦ滢ǿʵǿͷˡҶص˵
ǺŮӺǻˣȻ壬˱ݲǲòСˡ
ôҲδطǣֻҪСĵ㡭ǶƵ飬û˵꣬ͱҶˡ
߰ɣ뿪طϧ汦϶٣Ҷ̾˿ֱ˶ƵĻǰȥ
̫ɽҲȥ
ιҪҪôҰƷǳشš

ңԶɳĮУ޴ͷԳڿţһܿʧޱߵɳĮС
ͬʱɽ£һҾ޴ķ
ŵҶ֮·ʹ￪ʼҲΪۣҲҪΪʣ
Ÿߴɽк󷢣˷ܡ
ڴʱһɫĹâб֮Ļһٲ䣡
˭Ŀɿڴ
ǵŵʹߣ·ͬСɣֻǲ֪Ҫ˭Աһüͷ
ͬһʱ䣬Уһϵ۾˫磬ߵһһëͷСӣߣ


551 
µؼˣһеӶܳнӣĻ
һҪ񣬲ҸһΣնûС
˻ȻһǧƷʯôɵ񣬽Ȼ˷һҪ

ŵʱӵ۷׷ף죬ò֡
˵ʲô񣬾ȻŵӵĹעһӶһ˵
ǶѾˣһŵӡ
ӽۣٺǽʶĺѣһŰʦѧա
ȥ֪ˣҲǳ棬ֱǰõǸʹйء
еŵ̫ˣ㳡϶ˣۺò׼ǽǰǱڶ˵ؼ
ȻһˣСҶ졯ǺηʥȻŻһǧƷʯѰҡۣҪˣҪʬ۵ɴ۾ǽ֮ɫ
Ҷ죡ͫһ㾪סˡ
һܣûע⵽״Ű˿
ĵȴһƬ
Ҷôˣԡһݴ½Ŷûôܵţѵǵŵʹߡɻ
žŸԶҶôܵŵأѵǺģ
ݶ֪ݴ½һЩɵӣǲмȥǺġ
ϾҪĻݴ½еǵط޾ؾֻҪе÷ŵģ˭ȥǺʺƵط
СϢһҪ֪ͨҶ죬ǵŵĻô²ֹһɷ񣡡֮ɫ
۹ǿ֮һͳ۹֮һСɣžڵŵΧڡ
ܹ󵽣´˿̣Χڵʮǵˣ֪Ҷ족Ĵˡ
ҪȥҶأȥزǣǡüزǾŻһЩ·̣ƾǲܻŵִġ
вɵý

ʱҶһˣո߳ɳĮǲŵΧ
ȥһƬĴɭ֣ԲٶЩɭɳĮˡ
߳ƬɳĮˣƴطйš
ҺˣС˼ҵǷӣ̫ɽЦһ£Ȼó۹ϸͼҳڵλá
ڵλΧڣǰǣǵıؾ֮·̫ɽָŵͼ־һǳ˵
ɽҶʵ
ɽŰɣڣǵ֣ҲǸɽġ̫ɽ˵
û뵽ǻ·ţ֪˵ĻöһˡҶЦ
Ǯ޴ڵ˻ͣ³߼ǿߣٶȿˣ˵Ѿˡ̫ɽЦ
߰ɣ˵ˣϵزǣҲɾתսڶ׶εҶ˻ֵ֣һǰ
磬ڶ׶Σ۹ĻԣûĶˡ˷ܵ˵
С۹ţݴ½űӵʵžв١Ҷص
ȷС۹̫ɽҲ˵ͷ漴ЦǴΪ벽۾磬ôλԵĵһпܾˡ
ˣʱ۹˶ɴ۾һٺ٣ƹЦ
ǱˣֻʣʱˣҾӵ̵֮壬Ҳ弶벽ۣҶԿЦ
ǿɲһû׼漣أ̫ɽٺЦ
ֵûã㿴һ޴ĳǳأǰ
߰ɣ߰ɣٷϻˣҶ۾һ漴˰֣̤ڡ
ȻȲٺӴ󣬵Ҳǳġ۹һеȳǳء
ϣˮӵǳ֡
ߣҼҿջס£ڳҶ
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˵ҶıͽܣСѾҪˣɳĮһ£ɰﻵˡ
СһŶʦȥȥˣʵҪһЩóԵģ
Ҷͽ̫ɽû˼й䣬˴ڿջоޣǶϲˣŹκһʱ䡣
ŶơСһȥˡ
ڶƵ˸ߣҶͽ̫ɽ¥Ϣ֮ŵŵӲ˽ſջϱȵûУ
ϰһŵĵӣ¶ԷֻŵӣҲҵæ۾ؿŵеĻ
滭һɫǳ۵꣬üĿ˫䣬йɲơ
ڻԱߣ֡Ҷ죡
Ҷ죿ϰȻ۾һæղ¼˻˷ܵضŵ˵ǿղžһСҶ졯ס£⻭һģһ
ģ
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ǧȷԼҸղŲż¼ģǸСҶ졯꣬ող¥Ϣȥˡϰָ˻һ˵
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ŵһ֪ϰǿߣǻҪǿϰ嶼͸ҶΪǿ϶ܹԸġ
˵һۣе̰ģϸϰ壬뿪˿ջ
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ʦ֣ǧȷھǼҿջ֮СϰѾȷϹˣһģһһŵæ˵
һҲͷѡ
ãǸɵúãһ˽ʮƷʯǡʦ֣֡Щ˷ܵ˵
лʦ֣ŵ˵һ֮ɫ
ȴǺ޵ҧгݣһһǧƷʯȻֻһʮҲ̫ˡ
ûԸҶ죬ŲὫϢء
ǡʦ֡ʱȴֱ˾¥Ǽҿջȥŵæǰ·֮ɫ
⡰ʦ֡ŵ洫ӣеһǿʣȻ
ţȻ֮λļ洫֮һʵǿҲǿ
ŵͶȻһɵġ


552 ˭ǰ׳
ջ֮УҶϥϣĿɢŵĹΣһž޴̫ͼı֡
Ҷ̫ʮʽΪ̫ʥʥӣʱѾķ̫ʮʽ˷Ҫֲ
ڴ֮ǰҶ˼쵶ӡ˵ӡоתսѪħ棬ȴǺ̫ʮʽ
⵹СŹŹ̫ˣûм
ڣҶ˵ӡ쵶ӡѾﵽΪĵزתսڶ׶ΣҲֻǲʾѪѡ
Ҷڿڳ̫ʥ޵оѧ
̫ʮʽҶѾ˵ʽļأֻҪɵʽɾ̫֮壬;תһⶼͽ׵ˡ
̫֮ɲ򵥣ȻֻǵʽҲܹɵĹǳ¡
Ҫ֪Ҷоתս壬սףѾ԰ͬˡ̫֮壬ô֮ͬУҵ˿Ƶķˡ
ȻǹսӵоԵķҲκβԼ봦ڲ֮ء
ԣҶ̫ʮʽǳӣݴ½רŹ׼ʽ̫֮塣
ʽ໹аˣ
Ҷ찵뵽ٶѾܿˣ⻹ǿǰ̫ͼо˿죬һЩ̫ʥˡ
ѣ㹻ڻǰˡҶ۾΢΢һЦ
䣡ݵͻȻһ߿ҶЦݶʱˣ۾ض߽ˡ
Ϊ׵һʾż꣬Ȼ֮ɫŵ洫ȻóһŻ񣬶ҶһʱЦ㣬Ҷ졣ǵȫѹ򣡡
ϲʦ񣡡
θӿʦˣ
ŵŵӶȻϲ
ȻЦøˣ·𿴵洫ӼĽĿ⣬͡
šſЦȻҶüͷһ壬˼һתʱ뵽ʲô
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СӣԹԸһ˰ɣȻ˵ۣҾû׽㣬ֳȻЦգҶɭһЦĿǲм֮ɫ
Ȼ԰ȴǰ׳գûʱѾ̽ӹҶΪˡ
ѣȼ־޴Ϊ࣬ڲ֮ˡ
οȻе츳ģʾżΪȴӵа벽۵ʵһܴ
ƾ㣿Ҷ񿴰׳һȻ
ʱҶӦ֮У̫ɽѾ֮бˣ
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СսûʲôӳɣһЩŵˣҲѵԼСսֻòʧ
ȻԾԼҶȻֵҶԼС֮УһҶܶܲˣ»
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ǺǣҶ΢΢һЦҲûн͡
ϻӵһٸС磬ѾѹʮС磬ʮСκһС磬Ƿǳֲ
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۵С绹Ȼһ㶣漴ЦС磬ǿߵС磬û뵽ҽһӡ
ߣ̫ɽһǿĵʱɨȻѹȥ
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Ȼ̫ɽĵѹסˣȫԶԪסԼ壬Ҷһ̾ͽӴԪۼߵλá
䣡
ҶֱһŽɳȥǿֲȻȫͷһ롣
ȻۼԪסҶһţֱӱɢˡ
Ȼҽһݺݵڵϣ۵ֱ£Ҷиǳ˿־Ͳš
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һֻˣøҶΪֻҪҵˣԼᶯֱ
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һѾ֪ͨţ۹ĴСɣѰңǱ뾡뿪˵ءҶ
ȻһСɣҲһλ۰˼ǿߣʱܹԸġ̫ɽ˵ͷ
ҶɨȻһۣ;ֵĿ⣬һһԺõĵ
˵գҶŽ̫ɽ뿪С硣
˲صȻ뿪ҶˣҧгݣԹޡ
ӲģǶǣߣ
ȻԹ뵽
ʱһԱŵ԰׵ŵӣжʱŭӿô
ŵӵͷΡΡȴǰѡ㶼͸˼ҵΪŵܿ͸


553 
صջУҶ̽ջУ˲ͷֿջϰŻŵس¥ȥ
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Ҷ쿪ڣ̫ɽʱӰһСһץſջϰ壬ص
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ջϰ۵ֱ£ɫ԰ֽĺ飬Ӷͷϵ־֮ɫġ
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ջϰžʹʾԼʲô˵
Ҷãֿջϰȷʲô֪Ψһ֪ľǣŵĵӣǣΧѰ
磬һôã껰֮󣬽̫ɽָָ̱ڵϵĿջϰ塣
ջϰһʱšؿҶ죬ĵ󡭡ˣɱҡϡ
û˵꣬ͿҶ쵯һָͷʱһҵĵâĲһɨ
ջϰɴ۾ͫһضҶ죬˵ϣѪȾ˵档
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ֻҪغóǵͨ˷գκڳڷСҪǵˣҪһһ飬ǵСҲҪ飬ǡϼ˵
᲻ɧңϾһ϶ˡЩǣҪ֪ڣҲﲻˡ
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ŵĲԶ̫ɽһصؿŲԶһųϡ
ﳳ֣ۼߣѡ
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Ҷʱ֪鷳ˣû뵽жô죬һϧǵߣȻҪߵС硣
󵽣Ŵ˾٣϶е߲ġ
֣Ųǵŵĸӹѣõôһ𣿡Ҷ찵뵽
ȴǲ֪ǳŵŵĻƤд£ЩҪԹҲֻԹš
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ʱڣģŵӳ֣ҰѰҶ죬ϧǲʶ̫ɽͶƣȻҲҶ졣


554 
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һ֮УһȫңǿѪֱŶ
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еĵŵӣڿһڵķʱȻв
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Զʱ죬ⲻ˵𣿲Ҳ֪ܾСڣ취ȷܺá
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ղµһضڲЩѹ˳ȥҽӽ
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ʱŵĵӺͳǣ˿

زǣ۹Ա棬۹ʮ֮УزҲеȡ
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563 ٽ
Ϧ£޴ĳǳأڴϣһƬϼӳ£ɢŵɫĹԣ鲻Խһʥ֮С
ǵĳǽΡߴӼǧͷǸߴĳ¥Ρ׳ۣͬɽư硣
Ҷ콫˳һţΪǿ̫࣬һΣҶûаСӸųˡ
ϾҪǱ˷ʵݣôǿɲҶֵܹġ
һЩʯҶڽزǣһȥǰ·ͨ˴ǳ롣
ڵ˺ֵܶ࣬Եĵ̣Ŀʤۻҡ
ҸջϢһȥμӻԣҶ˵գ˼һҿջס¡
ҹĻ٣ҶϥĿϢ
ЩƹȻûаãȻں磬ڵΪѾﵽʰ˼ˡ
ڱӿֹĿֲԪҶзǳ˷ܣʵٶȱˣԱȼ弶ǿߡ
Ҳѹ֣ôƣֵʮڣһӺȥˣҪΪôҲ˵ȥ
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ȥ޴ڣʣµʾѪȻתսڶ׶ΡֻҪɹҵΪܹﵽʮ
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ֻҪﵽʮô˴λԣʮˣһҲ޾ˡ
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찡һˣҶ͸Ϊ࣬Ҷ󣬻˵һ
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ʥݴ½ѾкܶûʥֹˣǲǱչǵЩΣյؾȥˡ
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ĿͶһȥҶһ޴ڵĹԱѯһ£ȵǣʾѪֱﾹȻҪ᳤ͨͬ⣬ֻҪҵһ¾ˡ
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Ҷ̾һ£漴Ůһ¡
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Ҷ죿¶һ˿죬һδһҶ죬ɵǰʱ䣬ŵһ۹ͨһҶ졯ˣĪǾǹ
ͷһôҶĳҶĳЩⲻȥǺǣҶԶʱЦһǺҲѹ֣ɱĸ֮𣬲졣
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ŶһôʹˣѲɣǵŵ˸ڵزǶ֣Ҷ԰ľȴ˵ϷŰ
ҡҡͷҶ͹һԸ԰һģûдŵǿߡȻǲڵزǳ֣Ҷܲһֱڵزǰɣ
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ҶѾǺǸʵµҶˣһһһ֪ʲôеš
ƺҶеţ𾪣漴ϵЦݸˣԺʵľѪȻ󣬵ȴвٴʮ֣ҶԼѡɣ
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С㣬Ѿˣ໹һȤ£ܼҹضǰһĳŮ˵
ŶǼһĳŮƷƣ֮ǰȥɳĮ׷Ѱ̫ɽ˶顣
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Ʒ۾һȵףⲻǸǽ̫ɽһС𣿡
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ôУ÷˰ϵţһұ𣬺ߣϴҴˣδػƷ붼ؾ;ܾˡ
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564 翭
޴ڳÿ϶Цݡ
һõطҶͷͷϷ޴ڡĸ֣֮̾ɫ޴ڣҪʲôõ
˵ֻҪ㹻ʯôͿԾعЩΪıֱһɼұء
ȻһҶˣջ
磬תǰֵǳˡ̫ɽָǰ˵ΨһûйһΪ˰벽ۼѾѹΪˣôܻҪǿΪ
ţҶͷ˵ǰУ
һ·ϣ˽ܵزǵĳڸ꣬ǵزĴӣΪ߼ϣһӽ翭ǵزǱһţǴ˷ǰʮǿߣ
Ҷһǰǲû뵽翭ȻܹŽǰʮ
츳²֮£Ҫң̫ɽص
пݴ½һһǷ翭̫ˡѹ˵ŵЩ˵ݴ½ûгΪԺӣûʸԳš
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̫ɽ֪ҶҪЦŽͣȴ֪һ㣬ԺѧԱҲǷֵȼġ
ǿѧԱųӣλò̶ʱпܱǿʥӻܡÿһԺʥֻʮּңÿһݴ½ľţһҪǿ󡣡
ŶĻҶʱ𾪣һӵʵľŰԺʥӣһһǿҲ̫˰ɣ
˵ʥ֮±ˣ൱ڸɵ洫ӣÿһԺ洫ֻʮλСЩӣҪ֪ǿӣӵвʥӲʵֻΪʥӵֻӡ
֮¾ǾӢѧԱͨѧԱѧԱˡ
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Ҷȴ֪ѧԱԺײѧԱͬʱҲѧԱ
࣬Ϊݴ½̫ˣȻࡣңֻҪЩʯûʲô츳ҲܳΪһͨѧԱ
ƵϵѾ˲ƵĴۣöƳΪѧԺһͨѧԱˡҲ˵ҪμӻԣܽѧԺˡ
Щ۵ӣѧϰͬʱҪźѧԺӡʥӡӣײѧԺλܵأֻҪе츳ܳΪԺ۵ӡ
ǣ۵ӵλܵͣԲдߣǾԲԸΪ۵ӵġ
ԺӢѧԱһϸѧԱΪӢѧԱǮ򲻵ģҪԼ츳С
λԣֵĻܳΪӢѧԱǿһЩˣֱӳΪԺӡ
ҲΪʲôҶҪμӻԵԭΪһߣҪԺԾõ;
磬ǵˣȻƵ
Ҷ̧ͷֻһ޴ĸۡǰۡǳռһҲ޴СԺǽȳǽˣ𺳡
زǵĳҲǵزĸۡȻޱɡ
ĴţҲͬһЩСǳصĳôߴ߸ʮ߼ǿܣʱһӰٶ˵ʿѲߣЩʿʼߣͷĽǸһλۡ
ҶȫˣΧĻô¸ӿֲˣ۹
͸޵ˣǷһʿǿ͸Ϊֱ
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Ҷ찵ͷزӦܺãΪĻ˲û˿԰Դ󣬱ŵĵǿˡ
λֵܣҵ˷۹ŻԾҪʼˣ˱μӡ̫ɽæȭ˵
ʱ򣬼ѾˣϽ̫ɽΪߣ˱ʡȴ鷳
ϾһȫͨҶ죬ǵ͵ΪƵΪͣʺϳͷ
ԣ΢΢Щ죬ЦǷǳңܹݴ½Ȼʵˡ
ˣ̫ɽǫ
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Ҷ򰲾صȴţϲ޵֮ɫݴ½Ϊǿߵļеأÿ춼ຣɢ޸
Щûɢޣ۹Ϊ˷Ͳǰƾ֤ҶβμӻԣȻ
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Ҷ΢΢һЦԵıڼǰͿʼˣԶĵط˼ʱ䣬ҲܸǱˡ
ԣڱȻˡ
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һҶ˱ƽһǳأһͨԶһߴĽķֽ̻Ի͵Ĵǡ
˵ŸһȣֱéݣʮƵ˵
Ҳˣ
Ҷͽ̫ɽĸп
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ףҶȻתͷ۾һС
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ϵһ꣬òţʲһ˫ӣ˸ųҵľ⣬˲ֱӡ
ǻһ꣬ʱڵ񣺡¼

ҶһܹΪֻһˣǾǵزӣڸŶӷ翭
ҲǸǱһǿߣλǰʮǿߡ
Ҷ첻ɵϸشһ翭Էòʣͬ죬ӶԷϸܵһɲԼϢ
˵ΪȻֻа벽ۣʵʵ弶ǿߣҶ찵𾪡
̫ɽҲǰ벽ۣʵʵļȻ翭츳Ƚ̫ɽҪǿһΡ
ˣˣ˵ٴˡҲǿߣүү͸Ҳаôܰң´βˡ翭˰֣ŭ˵
ǻЦЦȵģͱ˲һ
ҵ´βˡ翭ߵ
ǣæͷ
翭ʱע⵽Ҷˣһ۾ͿΪǿĽ̫ɽ۾ʱһУȵǵǿҶʶλİɣ
Ȼ翭˽̫ɽʵзǳ𾪡Ͼ̫ɽʵǵǱҲǰǿߣˡ
һԵĻԼԣʱ𾪵ؿ̫ɽû뵽Щ˵УȻһǿš


565 ԩ·խ
̫ɽ΢΢һЦСүԲҵ˷ǰ׼μεĻԡ
۹ҵȼǹӡУڹֻ֮۹ĻӵܲܵΣز۱ǵ۹۵ıֵܡ
۹Ĺأֻдﵽ𼶱ĻӵܣܱΪүһͿԿ۹ǿʮǣʮ𼶱үǿ߸ʤ
һ۹ݴ½꣬ȻֲҲЩʥءԺѡ
翭үүүϵȻǴ󹫣Ǻү̳ϵλãҲΪ󹫡
Ƿ翭ܽ𾳽磬ôԶܼ̳еزλãΪү
һزˣ翭ǲܽ𾳽磬ôһҪ˳ز򣬻һһﵽ𾳽Ļӵܡ
ԣЩүҵӵܷǳ⣬û˱ǸżΪһͻᱻ츳Ȼ츳Ĳͬʼص츳ǿģλܸߣʵģֶ˼ס
翭ͻһЩֵܣһǼʮλֻ֪֮࣬з翭һˡ
ֻǿĲܼ̳еزλãЩ츳͵ֵܣֻ֮ڣΪػߡ
ҷ翭ɣСү̫ˣǺǣˣ֪Ѹմ翭ЦǺǵ˵ܺӵܵĽԴ
Ҷ챾ȣҲȻˣԽǿߣԽǰ׳գõز𼶱ǿߣһԴ˳Ϊ̳ߣ
ң翭Ȼó̫ɽʵǷΪͬȼţȻ԰
̫ɽͬˣæ˵ҽн̫ɽҴҶ죬ܶƣ˵ŵλǡ
̫ɽĽܣ翭ȵؿҶ죬ȻɻΪȲ϶ܣϻǳǸ֮ɫҶ֣ղʧ񣬻
ɲ˼Ҵȴ˼Ҵ磬˼ҵܵ˵Ȼ˼в졣
Ҳַܹ翭˭뵽һ벽ۻһʰ˼硣
Ҷʵֶ̫ˣ𼶱ǿߣܹ͸ʵ
ϾЩʵֶΣҶ̫ʥõģЩʥءԺĶҪ
ȻҶҲСǼˣЦŰ˰ֲ֣ˣ
翭һүĵԼҵĵ̣ôǫ顣ò˵Ҷڣ˶żһ˺øС
˵Ҳ˵֮һĵһ֮ݴ½ϧȺԵһ翭漴ƱȭЦ
û뵽Ҳ֪˵ţЩȣڷ翭ļʶ㣬
翭Ц˵Ҽǵõĵһ֮ڷ֮صõģһλԣֿҪ׼
˵ЦˣС֪츳޷ڱȼ磬ܹ۹ǰһ㲻ˡԿЦڵһ漣һ鲼ߣЩʥء۹ҵȵǿߣݴ½˶ĿɿڴɲԶˡ
ҲǵһʵΪʲôô󣬲μӻԲһõһкܶ࣬ȴֻеһʶһʷ
춷崫֮⣬Ϊݣʲôҡɵӣһͨˡ
ֲǫʵǰʮ⡣翭Ц۹ȻܹƵĲ츳ֻΪԵͶѡ
ֻԽˣԽ֣ܹöơ̫ɽ˸ԸΪҶ죬ôһ츳ûУ
ѵҿˣ翭һҶ죬ȴʼ޷Ҷصʵɻѡ
֣£ȥˣһݣҶ챧˱ȭ˵
ΪʲôҪգղ𣿡翭ԹһЦڱǱˣ֣Լѣȥˡ
ҶȻֵˣԱȭǾ鷳ˣ
ʲô鷳鷳ģܹλѣǷĳ˵ˡߣǸǣǿˣȥȾơ¸ǣǵزǵľƣ۹ġ翭˰֣ˬЦ
ҶֵܶҲкøУԵȻͬ⣬һͬ뿪
ǲż棬ô͸ôãȻؿҶ˵ıӰ
ܾ̾ȺְɣţǵˣѣûĿܡ
ɲǰ׳գ翭ԸٺãƢٺãҲİ˽Ϊѡ
򶯷翭ģǽ̫ɽͶƵ츳ȻҶ츳ûп
Ҷ˵Цس׼ȥȻǰһһɫȹŮӣߵĴӵ£
ףҶ쿴Ůӵòʱ¶֮ɫ
磬ģҲϳƷƣɵֻЦ
Ҫ죡̫ɽüͷЩˬص˶һۡ
ƺٺЦš
һԵķ翭ٸĪɻʵʶС𣿡Ϊǵˣڷ˰ϵ֮ŮƷȻİ˲˳
սģϴ㣬սһƷŵ˹һɫĳȹ͸һŮ·
ֻŮƢǺܺã
²÷翭ɻˣ˫ǳˣԩ·խ
ףǲҵĴС𣿡
СǷ˰ţСҪùˡ
ǿɲһûСүҲܹСүͬЩ˿

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һΧʱһƬȻԶƷưܸ̫ɽⲻɵ˸ˡ
ƷƿǷ˰ţҲλǰǿߣ˾ȻܹƷƣ
˲ɵú̫ɽ˵ˡ
㡭ΧۣƷƶʱŭݺݵص˽̫ɽһۣȻ󽾰̧ͷϴҴ㣬ҪǸ˵ĻǶ䳡
˵գƷתߣΧۣѾŭѣȥˡ
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ҶԿЦһ£̾Ҳ
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粻⣬ҴʵֶΣ˵㣬ЩǿˣҲ͸ƹЦ
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ףֵƺֹתô򵥰ͻȻ翭һضųеս
ƷƶʱˣҲ˹ȥ
ֻҶɫϣ͸һɫĹâһȭȭֲŶϵغȥ
Ȼһʼһ漴ͼֲסһˣ·硣
⡭ƷƶʱˣŶãôͼֲסˣҶӵоתҲôǿϾҲ˾ת˫ܲô󰡣
ңǰ벽ۣҶŽʰ˼
˵Ʒ𾪵˵ܹսˣҲһ𺳡
Ҷÿһȭ󿪴ϣȭƿգµӿҵĹâһܱ
ҧǿסȴоһѪڸҲ𵴲ѣȫڲ
ôܣͬǾתôǿôࣿ𾪣û뵽Լˡ
ܣ
Ҳţ
ҵǿģ
͵سҶ죬һȭ񷣬ֱǰһǰư硣
Ҷûжܣֱһȭӭյȭͷͬҵ̫貵ĹâǶ֮Уڹ
䣡
˵ȭͷݺݵײһ
ȻҶ˿ɫȻͫһ漴Ѫһ󷽡

䳡һƬڣ˶ŵؿһĻҶӲغ޵С
̫ˣ翭̾
һԵƷŵϴʲôҲ˵
ҸҴƴһǰ׳գҴľתս壬콫ɹˣߣƼ״س
һԵķ翭Ʒԣ𺳡
תս㻹ãϾ۹ӵɫҲ㣬ȴ츳ɣǼֱ󡭡


570 һս
䳡ϣǿս˰Ȼƾɵڶ׶εľתս壬ҶȫѹռݾԵϷ硣
Χ۵𾪲ѣ֪һս֮Ҷ϶Ҫزˣǵڶ֪ҶĴ
ȻǾҶЩϤһʱ䲢û뵽Ҷ죬ǸһȫͨҶ졣
䳡ڷڣ
ս˶һȫעκһʵ˲䡣
ϣǿһδαҶɣжʱ
ֻܱܵˣк޺޵뵽
Զ翭ʲϣû뵽Ҷʵǿֵز±֮ƷҲˡ
оͬȼĶ֣
Ʒͽգһƽ˵ˡǴ˫˸â֮УԿó˿ĵĲƽ
˷ܲѣһؽе磬㻹ʲôϽսɱҲûʲôϵ
Χԣɵ⻰ôЩϤòǰĵ˵ġ
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ҶȻ϶Ԫ÷翭Щô԰Ҳһ޶Ȱɣ
ƷҲȫעؿųеĴսû˵ˣǰεĽѵѾСҶˡ
ȻҶһԴһʵԴ
Ǵתսͻ֮ĵһսǿʲôزٺ٣ڴ֮ɫҶġ
ҶҲûʧڰУҶչ˫ȭȭȭŭÿһ캳أֱղս
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𾪲ѣ֮Ȼܹǿֵزֱ
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571 ɫʮ
һҶ꣬һռǱĵţزһƬȻ
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ϻвȥ䳡ۿվҧгݣ޲Ҹضȥ㱻
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෴Ҷӣǣͷһѹˡ
ͬʱҶ챻һȫͨϢҲõȷϣٴȫǻȻ
ң˻õϢҶѾڵزעǼǣ׼زǲμӼĻԡ
ôһҶҲǵزǵˣһӼǱš
̫ɽҲȡΪţ˶ڴڻеı֡
֮ǵߣҶ죬סĿջҲΪЩ˶ϣܹͻȻľš
ʧˣҶ֮󣬿̫ɽ֮󣬾ͼչںˡ

ڣҶϥƾԼȴ˫Ŀʼں硣
֮ǰļں֮ҶѾǳˣ־ǳȫ
˵ں磬ؼǿȡ
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ϢҶתս壬ʮСųѤĹâͬһʺ磬Ҳ񷣬â䡣
ͻȻҶüëһѪ·ȼͷž죬һɹɿֲѪڷţͬȵҽ
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ÿһС֮У֣ף˵⡣
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磡
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ҡںϰɣҶĵ׵ͺ𣬶ʮСʱһ˴˿ʼغϡ
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ⲻҲѪϵļѿһѪ֮ܵУڶʱһƬ𵴡
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ںϡںϡҶдƴˣǿаѾתսе۷壬۵Ľ⣬ϱ
ͬʱҶϵġѷ족ԽԽ࣬һѪһӡ
һҶͳһѪˣֻбʮС磬ȻɢųҵĹâ
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Ҷ˫ĿʮС磬Ȼɢҵɫԡһ˲䣬ԿõһСеѰʧɫĴš
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ڳɹˣҶտտ֮ɫһɫԣЯſֲľҶͷϿս£˵
ûãҶȫƱվʮС磬Խҫ۶ĿһɫĹâܳ˿µѹȸС

ѹҶ־ϲѹȸУ֮ЩƣǱ֮ǿܶࡣ
ͽɫɣ
ҶͻȻ뵽֣ʱʣµʮС磬ɫɢҡ
ҶܹܵԼÿһСǿǿ󣬱СҪǿϰٱֹ
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ΪˣһﵽʾżôһˣҲ޾ˡҶûмڳأٴϥ£׼һֱӳʾż
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Ҷһαʮɫˣ֪ʮɫ磬أȴȥȥ̽
ӹ񣬻δ˽һٸСںϳΨһ磬ںϵʮС磬Ҳǳټ
ԣѪħʥҲҶʲô顣
İ֮·ϣһжҪҶԼȥ̽Ҳһ̤۷壬ҲһͻԨ
֮·ѿһһ죬һһء
ֻǿߣЦ󣬵۷壬

Ҷϴ˸裬ȫѪҺһϴȻ󻻺øɾ·ųš
ʱ򣬶ơ˸պӭҶأʱϲ
磬αչزŰ¾ˣЩȣˡ
ΪҶڵΪѾʾż
磬Ҳ̫ˣƿЦʱҲн߼ʰ˼Ϊ׷Ҷˣȴû뵽Ҷһ
ǺǣҶЦЦ漴üʵأ
֣ƽ̫ɽǺһģȴˡ
̾磬Ǽ¶ԶĴܴʱ䣬һֱ˼˭Ҳ
Ҷһµľǽ̫ɽ벻һִô̫ɽԺ֮·ˡ


572 Ʒ
ߣȥ
Ҷ˼һŶƵˣŽ̫ɽȥ
Ȼ
֨
һ죬ֻ̫ɽͻȻ򿪣һĮĽ̫ɽ˳պҶһˡ
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磡
ҶͶƽе
̫ɽ˵ͷˣô죿סϲΪٽ
ȻһӾͷҶʾż
ǺǣҾͷˣҶЦ
ʱĽ̫ɽ֮ǰЩͬ˫ӣȴȻ͸ǿš
ĿҶϤˣĿ⣬ǿ߲еĿ⡣
ֶļᶨ˭Ҳ˵ġ
̫ɽԳЦЦ㵱ѵĶԣǰ̫ˣﲻݴ½һλλʥأǰ̫Ϊˡ
ݴ½ΣǹԹҵͷֻҪʵǿﶼǿߣҶԹЦ
һԵĶƵ˿ˣǻǵһοҶôǫ顱·һƵġ
̫ɽȴ۾һЦ˵öԣݴ½Σһ죬ҽ̫ɽҲݴ½͵ĵһһ
˵úãŶԣǳȥһһССĵزǣסֵܵĽŲǵĿԺҶĿһЦ
̫ɽг׷ˣȻ̫ɽѾʧܵӰ֮˳ǿ֮ĸӼǿˡ
ҪҪϷ֣̫ɽЦ
ȥ֪ͨ繫ӣæԸµ˵̫ɽ߳ӰҲܸˡ
Щӵദ˵ĸѾԽˣҲ뿪ˡҶѧԺͨѧԱһѧԱǿԵġ
ܶ󣬵Ϊһ֮ȴпѡҪѡҶѧԺʣҲǿﵽʼ

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Ҷ졢̫ɽơ翭˳Ⱦƣ̸۵أ飬Цϡ
Ҷ֣صҺʶôöûзʵ鰡翭̾һ֮ɫ
ǺǣҶԴЦô˵Ҳ㣬ʵɱȲλǱһš
Ź֣翭ƲƲ죬мʲôƨǱЩһЩ֪֮ͽóˢеģҲᡣ
ҪЩ֪һŶںǱ񣬲֪Щϰ˸θ룬̫ɽԴЦ
翭ҡҡͷǱҴͲںһǵ߶֪ںǻԣܹǰʮǲ۹
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ҶҲͷԲżӪֻдӱǿߡ
̫ɽԣ˸ҵ⣬ᶨ˵ǰʮҲ룬ǰʮһҪȥ
ҵĿǰܸһ֮ˣ˵кܶ౦ﰡÿһ֮صųΪüءڴ֮ɫ

翭оһ֮һأƽԺǲῪŵģֻڻԵʱл롣ЩߣһҲֻһνĻᣬľûˡӡһλаɢʹ֮Զ磬Ϲʱеı
ӡһǲ𣿡̫ɽԶʱ𾪡
ƵҲ𾪲ѡ
ֻҶ΢΢ȣû̫𾪣Ͼͼһλȥ񡣶ң̸Ҳ֪绹бǿĴڡ
뵽֮ؾȻһ񣬻ǱӡģҶǳȡ
翭ЦȻǿ󣬵ϹšԶʱʱؼ䲻ֹһλıΪɱ񡣡
ϹšԶʱô嫣ʱǿ߲ҫ䣬㶼ʥǿߣֱ󰡣̫ɽ̾
ϧûˣ翭Ҳ̾ѣ˵ԤԹΨٳһλ񣬲ܴݴ½߳ϹŵӰԶʱԻ͡ϧôȻ˲٣ȴûһ˽񡣡
ҪΪ̫ˣڵлᣬϧʧˣҲ֪ȥ̾
̸ˣǻ֮صģʱȻ֪ĺô翭˵գɫʼҶ죬صҵõϢƷɾҪˣӵƢ϶㱨Ҫ׼ã
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ҴĿλԵһһƷɣΪƴֵЦ
ǻ˵Ҷԣ˶ƺͽ̫ɽһۣ漴翭ЦһҪˣһһƷ𣿡
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ƷɲҶĶ֣һͲһˣһλӵʵţҶ벽ۣĶ֡
翭Ҳ𾪣ҲˣһսϢ϶˳ȥſ϶֪ˡ
ǲǲսһΣǲˣɻ
翭ԿЦϻԾҪʼˣܲһֱǰɣѵǲ׼μӻˣ
ʱȻҪȥ۶μӻԣһǣôһ˼ˡ
Ҷӣھȥ۶ɣҲˡ
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ţڵһҲҪټɵˣƽֻǿԵġ
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Ҫһλ㱼ˡƶʱЦϾͿ˽̫ɽҪɱ˵񣬶ʱ˸ˣԼĶǵһ㱼С
磬ҿɲ˵㣬ٺ٣ƶʱڨڨ˵
ߣ̫ɽһ漴Ҷ磬ѾһˣξһɣûҪٵǵҡ
翭ȵؿ˿̫ɽɵĴָ޵֣ĶȱҪ
ҶĽ̫ɽļ̾ʱ򣬵Լģǵġ
̫ɽԣ˼


573 ·
ߴĳǽϣʱѾվӰŸĽֵϣҲͷųʡ
ڴʱһģӰӲԶ֣漴ԽԽ
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ˡҶ컹û˵꣬УʱһߴӰһڵϣɫһף͵һѪ
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ҶɫһЩصؿŶӣӶԷ־ͿԿҵǿߣһһλ߼ǿڡ
ǵһҲʵѣǰȴ߼ǿߡ
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һ߼һʾż˫Ϊֱһ蹵ͨʾżߣ߼ǿǰվţҲû취Խĺ蹵
ҶŶĿޱأкȻһѻɢҫ۵ĹâսƷеһѱ
߼ǿߣҶ첻˿أó֮ҲҵĽ⣬Ǿתսת˼ޡ
Сӣ㻹ó治ò˵ֱ֮˫֣мؿҶ죬һţǲὫһССʷ
Ҷ츳ٸߣҲǿ˫Ϊ̫ˣš
֮ĸ֣Ӧ͸ҵƷɲŶԣҶЦתս֮ڱŵǿ޵еš
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Ҷв²͸زʲô⣬ôǷһ顣
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ȺУһϤЦ˵磬磬ûȥˣǿҪЩöҡ

ҶڴˣһܾȣΪϵϢǰǿˣҪǿֱ࣬Ʒˡ
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ЩСӿԽȥˣ翭һеĻƽ޽ֱӶͷԳԴѪȾ壬еһ޵еս
˿⸱ӣɵһݣ岻ѣǿ߰
Ҷ֣һˣСĵ㣡翭˿ҲѣҶһҲȥ
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578 ڰ

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ܡܡܴ಻·ɽ֮л죬ֱܾ֮󣬲Żʧ
Ҷɫһʱ侲пռ䣬ǽˣֵˡ
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ƷѰͷԳ˯͵͵ȥ
ʱҲĳʱǽ뵽ʱǲϵ
ޱߵĺڰֹԨΨһǿ֮ģҵ֮·Сӣѡһ·ԶڰľԨ
λʼǻǻͷʱܵͷԳѣѡˣȻͱ
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䣡
µĹ˫ﱬǻ˶С
ڰĿռ䣬ǻӰ˫ɫӣҲʧںڰ

ʱ棬һǿߣȴһ꿡ܵĺϢ
ǽȥѾʱˣҲ֪ʲô
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ڴʱһ꣬Ȼڵ˳Ǳ֮ɫ
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579 һ
ԭⶼµĿ飬ȥôʱ䣬ȴȥʱôô
⣬ǻһʧǣлں޲ѡ
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ô˵ˣ´ֶ𣿡翭ӹ磬¶һ˿֮ɫǻʱ
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ޱߵĺڰֹԨΨһǿ֮ģҵ֮·Сӣѡһ·ԶڰľԨ
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580 
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⣬Žȥʱ
翭̧ͷ˿е̫΢΢ͷһС˼ˣǵʵƻࡣ
˻һԱߵȺѡˣɵøˣһͷں֮ɫ
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Ǳ𣬷翭ỳɣ߿۹а
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£Ȳسǰȥһϡ
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֪źʲôҶ찵ڴһſ˽ȥʧһƬڰ֮С

ƣɽˮԶһ޴ٲֱǧߣк¡
ֲܺˣֶ˿ռǸ漴ֵˡҶ찵Ľѡ
𾳽ǿߣӵһֿռ˲ơ
񵱳ǿ˲ƣܿʹݴ½˱ʮ˹
߶ĽĴͨ
ս·˲ƾĴͨ
֪һʲôҶջ˼ʼܵĻ
һɽˮɵأǰֱΪȻϣǺݴ½ȼһ֡
ҶʱȤһǰһʯݴ½֡
ɫعһĿܣֻҪڿܵĹ֧һʱͨء
ʯݣҶʱȻ֪һصĿʲôˡ
ع߷ֱһ߼㴳һܻýɣعԽ䱦Խ࣬һ츳ĵطٺ٣
Ҷʱ¶Цݡ
Ҫ˵һ֮У˭츳ߣɾˡ


581 ɫ
ڣʱ˶˺Ҷͬһ
ڶؾȻǿߵ츳
ȫʵʵĿ츳κҪСһˡ
ѡϣ̫٣
һ꿡ܣ濼˺ܾãԼʵѡ
һûʲôɣʵΣǾѡһѡ˵ĻǿҪ˵ġ
ͨһصˣǶҲΪˣԶȷѡӦòѡ顣
翭ƷҲҴ⣬濼һԼʵѡһС
̫ɽƵҲ׷ѡ
ΨҶڵǰվ˺ܾãȴʼṳ̂룬һԥ
֮ǰ߼֣ʵ֮£ҽסһӣǵز־ҡ
ҶһսжʱȻ߼ǿߣʱһЩ
ԣҶںѾ
ͨҪǵǵһɣıȻõġ
һλǿµñҶ˵Ķǲܵġ
ֻ߼Ŀܣɲô׶ԸģڶԷĹ֮¼һʱ
ҿܲˣһֵĻ϶ȫҶ첻ҿ϶ԼǷܹסԷ籩һҹ
һѵľ񰡣
ҵˣ
ΣҶ̾һϥ£۾
Ҫúõس˼һ£ѡ

ʱ˿̣һ꣬л䣬Ŀտ˸â˲ֱӡ
ҶڴˣͻϵôĴУŵһ
ǰǣѾزˣʱ䣬ִܵزˡһĿ䣬ɱ
Ҷ죬Ӳҵĵģ
һһŵزǵķȥ
ͬʱزǵĺԺһҰ֮УһӣգɢǿϢΧĿռ䶼ʱسһµѷ죬ЩĿġ
ǵزһλǿ۹պĸǿߡ
ţȻز˫Ŀ⣬ޱȵڣ·ڰԨļ£ֱӡ
ŵСһˣٺ٣Ȥˡز΢΢һЦ漴۾Ǳޡ

ڣҶ͵˫ҵĽɫƿնޱ
һһ߼ĿܣҲ赲ҶĽŲ
ҶҶҴǸСɽһ·ߵ죬Ĳ츳һҵǿ֮ġ
ߣҲ޾壬οֻһˣҶĳҪµĿжô
Ҷ쳯ŵȥĿᶨޱȣš
һҶǿ֮ģΣյѡ
ߵĵ·Ͳƽ̹ΣٴĿҲҪȥ̤ƽҶŵ˵һ
¡
Ҷ̤룬Ĵţ͵ؽ
ͬʱҶǰһһĴ֮УһϥĽɫá
ǳҲúܼ򵥣ǰ߽ɫ⣬ʲôûУֻпյĴ
عصĿ𣿡ҶشǰĽɫá
ɫãûѪ֮⣬ϵȱ˾ǣĹͷǽɫģ˸ҫ۵Ľڹԡ
ɫϥڴڣͷű˫֮ĺɫأû˵
һ򿪵Ĵţ¶ããĹâ
Ҷ۾΢΢˷ܵӦþǳڣûᡭûѣٶȸϹȥʡĶսһ
Ҷ챾Ϊһͻᱻܹ׼û뵽ɫøûпһۡ
ҶֲɵӣֺûȻŹ΢΢׼һƿɫãĴųȥ
ȻҶûע⵽ǰ治Զһɫıߡ
ৣ
Ҷ˫̤ɫıʱԭϥĽɫãȻ̧ͷſնɫĹҶӿһ⡣
ˣҶɫһʱȻҲ룬תս塣
һ̣ǸĽɫã˲߸ߵؾеĺɫҶһ˹
ߣҶһԼĴ۵ȫ㳯Žɫӭȥ
䣡
ףһ֮Уһµ
ţȻҶɫ䣬оһɾ޴Ӵ۵洫
䡭
ɾ޴ֱӱɴ۵Ҷ컢ڳѪ˶غɳȥݺݵײǽϣһ꣬ʹޱȡ
ôôǿҶžʹǰĽɫãһƬ𾪡
ǵã֮ǰ߼սԷȻǿ󣬵Ҳûôֲѵһܵʵ
Ҷ찵ԾͷһƬƣԷʵҪǿ֧Ųһʱ
ˢ
ɫûиҶ˼ʱ䣬ӵɱɫĳγӰҶ޿ɱܡ
֮򣡡
Ҷͺһޱߵ׵֮Ϊӳȥ˲
¡¡һˮͰִ׵磬ŽɫúҲֻǽٶȼһЩǿ׵֮ûκһۼ
ɫ򣡡Ҷ״ͫһɵҧҧһչʮɫС硣
䣡
ʮɫСһ֣ʱձˣǿһμ˽ɫõٶȣҶ쿴ĵӰʼܿ
Ҷ촩㵶Ӱ˵һֱɫõı塣
䣡
۵˽ɫõԴ棬Ȼֻתͷһ˫ɫĹɭȻضҶ졣
ôܣҶʱޱȣôǿһȻûкԷһͷ
ˢ
ɫĳĳͷҶĲո
ҶʱһæˣҴһС
ꡭ
ɫһͷ˱֮һ磬ٶȿĿ£֮ɫҶ춼ԷΡ
ÿٶȣǿ߾ȻܹƳĿܡҶ찵Ծ
һ֣ҶҲ֪ܵ㡣
ԷϾǿܣȻͷǿ󣬵ȴܵΧҲʲô似ۺʵԲĶ֡
ԣҶ쿿֧֮ţƾǿʵ
Ǵ򲻹һʱʱ䣬˵ǿ԰õġҶ΢΢һЦʩչͽɫζ
Ҷ첻Ӳ϶ܱܣʹܶܣҲҪСĴۣסԷĹ
һʱȥˣҶȴֻһˣɫȻû취
һӮˣҶ첻ɵ¶Цݡ


582 
䡭
ܷĹ֮Уɫһɫ磬ڵζеĺɫ˺ѳգɺڰΧһƬڡ
Ҷĵ׷Ӳӣ۵Է棬߶Ӷ㿪
ˣҶҲԷನ˵ǿĳһɽݺݵײݺݵǽϡ
һǱ̬
Ҷʹѣתս˼ߵĵزǿĻͱԷˡ
ˢ
ɫֻ۾йһ˸һֱƶɭȻĵ棬һ쫷磬
Ҷһִ֮䣬æչɫ֮ȫɫá
ȻסԷĿֲһڵĵ棬ֱӱ򣬳Ҷ쵱ͷ¡
׵ն
Ҷҧҧȫ¶ҵ׵֮һӭȥһȻϯ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҷ̫֮壬Ҳ貵ĹâתսҲ߶˼¡
Ҷνǵƾʵˡ
䣡
ʱ򣬽ɫѾǰһɫĳݺݵ˴۵档
䡭Ҷ˫ֶʱܵһɾ޴ðѪˣһ죬۵Ҳֶˡ
ȻǺɫĳȻҶ洫Ȼֲޱȡ
ʣһˣһҪ֧ס
Ҷһҧ˫ȭӭȥʱϯȻܿͱɫ÷飬ɫĵҲݺݵغҶϡ
һ̣̫֮ڱӦеһҵ̫ͼҶϵļ˸һĳɡ
ͬһʱ䣬ս׺;תս壬Ҳǿķֵס˺ɫĲ
ۣ
ҶоһѪӿ˶һɳȥѪ硣
Ӳ㣡ҶЦ漴̲סٴһѪ
Ȼ˺أ浲סһλ߼ǿߵĹҪǴ˳ȥ۹𶯡
һʾżߣȻסһ߼ǿߵȫһ츳ֱһˡ
۹츳ţҲ˶ѡ
ʮӣҾ㰾ҲܹȥˡҶ쿪ĵЦţ˷֮ɫ˫֮䣬š
ˢ
ɫеĹԽԽң·Ҷ켤ŭˣٴξٵɱǿڲ
Ҷҧҧ۵ٴӭȥ
֮ҶԽԽأȫȾѪˣÿһζɳȥѪҺνޱȡ
ԴӳҶٱ˵ôأӴ̼ѪԣȻܣһδεӭɫá
Ҷ·һܵսÿһεȥվ
Ķһ˵Ļô˿;ˣԵһû˼ĿܣҶֻһδγǿĹ
䡭
Ҳ֪˶ٴβصĺҶһδεص£һδε
ڣNʱǾ߽ɫãڲٹ˻ȥص룬ϥͷ
һʱڵˣҶסˡ
ҶڴϢţг˷ܣ֪Լɹˣɹͨѵһˡ
ȴģõı
ȻҶֻʣ°ˣȻޱȵ˷ܡ
ҶûлָƣŻѪǰããĴš
ڽڵһ˲䣬Ҷоһ۵Ĺâ̲ס۾
ΣҶӦһŻ۾УһԴСĺɫѪ飬ƯڰУɢųҵ⣬ޱȵĴ۶Ŀ
ʲôҶɴ۾ϸܹ꣬ó޴ѪĲƽ
ǾѪʲôǿߵľѪôǿ𲻿ܣѵʥǿߵľѪҶоɣȻûмʥǿߵľѪȴָӦӦþʥǿߵľѪ
ˣ˲𰡣
ȻһϤĲҶʱһæջĿ⣬Դ֮
Ȼ֮ڣһδ֪ľѪ֮⣬ʲôûС
ˣϷɲֻһˡǸٴ
Ҷ֪˭ˣЩľߣû
ûߵⲻӰ˵û
ҶһƬ۹߶Ϊˣȴû
ٺ٣ϷųߣôȥɭЦ
ûҲòȥɣһǿߣôҶЦ
Сӣ㾹ôϷ˵ѵͲϷɱ㣿ߵʱ
бԿҶЦ
һĬ
û˵ˡ
˰ΣҶſڵô˵ˣӦ˺صưɣң֪㿼飬ıġ
Сӣ֪̫ˣк³ģ̲סڴҶĻ
Ҷ΢΢¶һ˿Цݣ˵ʱ򣬶һѣܱȶһҪõĶࣿأ
ƾҲϷѣ츳ȻǿҲһʶѣϷµĿܶ򲻹һЦ
㱻׷ɱ֮ʱ侮ʯ⣬һ˰ˣҶߵ
߶ʱһϣû˵ˣˣһѶûУ׷ɱ裬һ˶ûС
Զʹ
ȻʣҲûеʵˣǺأҶ쵭˵
һܹϷʲôߵȻЩȴЩɶˡ
ҶŵһЦҵ츳Ӧ֪ܹ˵˵ܹ㣬ƾݣòŸҷϻɣ
Ϸ㣿
ǾͿѡˣûʲôǲðյģѡҲ𣿡ҶЦ˵
һγĬˡ
Ҷ֪ڿǣ漴ʵιξѪҵĽô˰ҲûʲôôһǿߣѵõĶ
СӶʲôƺܷŭɴĹۣʥ޹һξѪһǳĹ
Ҷ쾪ȵ
ʥ˵ޣֻҪһ꣬ʥΪǳֲҲϡ٣ݴ½Ҳûж٣ܶ궼û˿ˡ
Ӧɣû˵
ǵȻצ߲ʷˡ룬Ǵ˵еǿޣһ񼶱ǿߣ˸ʵѾʧ̫ʱˡҶЦӾ칬е֪̫š
ףСӾȻ֪ЩЩԾˣ֪ǿ޺ݴ½߶֪
֪һʵ˾ʵɲʲô˶֪ģߣҲǴһЩϵ鼮е֪ġ
ôѵͷйҶЩڴʵ
з˵һ˿Ѫ֪ӵв֮˶ܸȻȲϷˣоŸͷ൱ھֻɱŴβɱ˵


583 ֮
ͷ񣿡
Ҷߵʱ
֪һʥޣǳǿ󣬺ųоǾǴ˵еľͷ
ͷǶƣǹųƳͨڤܡߵ
ϻֱ˵ξѪôɣξѪҶʱгڴͨʥһξѪӵΪһǿȣʲôҩô󣬵ȴá
οʥ޾ѪʥȻʥ𣬵Ҫƽʥǿࡣ
Ǵ˵еʥޣʵȷʥݴ½ǻϾ޵еˡ
Ϊз˵һ˿ѪȻҲһЩֻҪξѪһЩĵرͿɲ֮
߻û˵꣬Ҷ˫ǰιѪؿϣ˷ܡ
֮
˵ֻʥǿߣͲ֮𣿡
ҶȻ֪߲ƭԼ̲סʵ
ʥǿߣֻʣһѪһ⣬ܹǲ֮
ԣֻҪΪﵽʥ磬ôֻҪرǿʥһЩΣյĵطǼͲúԼɱˡ
ǣ֮ʥǿߵרã˲ƣҲֻϵǿ߲ӵС
Ҷ룬һССʣܹɲ֮
ٺ٣Ϸ˵Ĳ֮ɱȲʥǿߵĲ֮˵ֻҪ˲֮ôղǾ߼Ŀܣ㲻ɱˣҲҪ۰˼ʵɱ㡣Ц
ʲô𣿡ҶԲüͷҲûⲻ֮ȵʥǿߵǸ֮Ͼ˫Ϊ̫ˡ
ҶҪ֪ܹ֮ﵽʲôĳ̶ȣ
˵ʥǿߵĲ֮Ӧ֪ǵ屻ˣֻҪһѪһ⣬ͨķһ㱾Դ֮Լ֮Ѹ޲ʵ١ǿߣ±ɱǧٴΣȻܹǽɱʮ򡢼ΣǵıԴ֮ȫķѹˣɱǡֻߣԾԵ׽ǵݻٵĲʣһѪһ⣬ɱǡ
Ҷ˵ͷΪʥǿߵĲ֮ôԲźʥɱʥ顣
һʥܹɱһʥôʥͻᱻ׷ӷţҲǳΪ˵еġʥˡ
Ϸ˵Ĳ֮ȻȲʥǿߵĲ֮㽫սʱ˸첲ֽţܹ޸ġһЩСˣԶȬʵܶ࣬ɱˡߵ˵
Ҷ۾ʱһ𾪵ֽҲ޸
òˣһֱһЩ֮⣬ֻʥǿߣ޸ȱֽš
ܹ֮ЩôȲʥǿߵĲ֮Ҳ˼˷ˡ
߰ȻЦȻԣÿһ޸壬ֻԼԪֱ֮޸ԣһս屻ƻΣô޸ͻĹԪʱ
ûм˵ȥҶҲ֪һԪĹˣҲ·ˡ
ͬǿߵʱ֮ҶѾڲ֮ˡ
ܽɲ֮𣿡Ҷһʵ
֪߸ô࣬޷һʽס
ȻЦ˵һܱȶһҪãϷ԰ɲܸ֮ڵбôҪΪЩʲôأ
ֻҪҶĳ֮صҶԼᶨ˵
ãţϷŵԵģξѪɣߵĻո£ҵһǽϣʱһһ˸ߵĴš
ҶæǵιѪ߳ҡ
֮⣬һ⣬˸ָĵرͷףˣâ˸Ҷۻң˵ĺˣ˫ޱȵȡ
߻жŵݣǡһô࡭ҶʱԼǰһоˣôĵرÿһֶޱһַŵʮ˹Ƕеƴ
һǿߵղأǿֲ
ˣҶתͷһߣ˶ѻɽʯʮ顣
Ҳ˵ʮʯʲôãֵþʲô
ҶЩʯɢԼɫԲƷʯǴ˵еļƷʯ
ݴ½Ʒʯкܶ࣬ǼƷʯȴǳϡ٣˻üƷʯ󲿷ֶġ
ۼƷʯѾСˣĴҡɵӣüƷʯġ
𾳽磬ƷʯûˣֻмƷʯ
ڡ޴ڡһϣһ鼫ƷʯʮƷʯĸ߼۸ˣʲô
ʮƷʯǾ൱һʮƷʯ
ҶֱҸĿˣһӾͳ˴ˣ۹ҳһеˡ
۹ĻӵܣҲӵʮƷʯҲмٿ鼫Ʒʯöѡ
Ҳǵ̫ӣŻмǧ鼫Ʒʯ
ιιιСӣˮˣЩģԺ뿴೤ʱͿ೤ʱ䡣ҶˮʱߵԱߵһ֮д˹
ףҶ첻ɵöˣæǰ򿪱Уֻһɫˮǰ
ᾧɫģҶ쾪ȵ
ˮߵ洫û˵Ϸ˻ٵΪ˱סֻҵ꣬Ƴˮҵס棬Ϸͻɢˡ
ˮʶˣҶ찵ͷٺһЦѧһ֪ʶˡ
ͨִܵﱦôأȻҶ뵽˽̫ɽǣɵżʵ
ٺ٣ôףΪϷôİѱｻǣһЦ
Ҷ췭˷ۣߵ֪ûôģأм棬ǸŪˡ
Ϸھֻʣˣ˵֮⣬ʲôҲ첻ˣĻŪǰ֮ͨ󣬾ͻִһһЩڿѾһˣٺ١˵
Ҷʱ۾һɣŭ㲻˵ͨܵõ𣿡
ƭǵģ˵⣬ͨһ󶼻ᱻͬһٺ٣Ц
̶̾Ϸû뵽̬Ȼͨ˵߹أ۹츳Ҳһˡ
ߣڵ±Ǿҵ츳ܹˡ˵ɣҪʲôҶߵ
ٺ٣ϷҪĵرЩĵرһЩĵطֻԽǿţȥЩطߺٺЦ
˵ϸ㣬Ҫ£ǾñҡҶĳɲô׺ŪˡҶߵ


584 澭
ðɣϷҲ㣬ҪЩ˵
ҶʱһֻʣˣܶЩϹﻹǿֲ
Һʵǿһ߶ᣬǾˡ
̾ϷֲʥûǿǼ屻ȫˣֻҪûбȻԶҪ˶ãٴγΪʥҪס궼ѣҪٶǾҪǳϡٵĵر
ʥǿ߿ɵض᣿ҶȻߡ
ѵڵǸһλʥǿߡҶ챻ԼĲ²⾪ˣæѯߡ
Զʱˣɴ۾СôãⶼһʥŸոն᲻ãСҲˡ
ҲãҶƲƲ졣
ٺ٣СԺҪСĵ㣬ʥȻϻָʥʵٶȴǳ졣Ͼʥµľ磬Ѿˣ˵ЩһƿûСԣʥ츳ЩŻҪҪ˶ãݴ½ҪһλµˡߺٺЦ
Ҷ˵ͷҲ֪˵ĲϾܹΪʥˣٶԽ߼š˵Ѿﵽʥľ磬ǱΪЩӵŵ˲ˡ
ûˣ
Ҷ̾ϢԴҲ޿κΣǿʥҲﲻˡ
СӣϷ򿴵ǱߵսѾˣ㲻мļһ˵ĻɱϷ򰡣ʱе
ҶһǱַ翭ȻᵣĽ̫ɽͶƵİΣ
ҵˣȰɲ֮˵ǲҪȻָƣҶȻԼѪҺɵ¶Цλǲذ
ãã˵ԽԽãٺ٣ߵЦʱҶһëȻ֪һڼƻʲôıơ
ҪôҶʵ
ȥǱߣиѪӣϷѾ׼֮ġɶϷǸԼ׼ģڱСˣСԺҪϷ򡣺ߺߣ߷ߵ˵
ٺ٣
ҶٺһЦǰȥȻĵرĺ棬һԡôѪӣװѪɫҺ壬ɢһŨ
ʲôҶ첻
ЩϷһЩĵر֮ľϷв֮ҺһӲ֮ҺϷһٶƷʯڶ˸Сˡʹ˵
ٺ٣иջҶٺһЦ漴ʵⶫȵ𣿡
˵ʵǸӦⲻ֮ҺŨҶ춼̲סҪȥˣԲȺƲ١
׳գݵģҪգǸġ۾һɣ
ҵôܲһ˵Ҷ칾¡
СӣȥϥϷ㲻֮֮˵
ҶգȥϥʱܵһɹȵԼȫÿһ缡ӿǸоˣ̲סһ
ˬҵڿٻָҶϲ
ϻǼֵһٶڰ˵漴Ҷ촫һھ֮ط
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ʲôѪħѪħʥʲôϵԣȴ֮ɫ
ʦôʶҶ쾪ȵ
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Ҷ̲סЦ߻ǵù֮Ѫħʥͬ˴һΪʥһȴ׷ɱֲͬĽ˸п
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뵽иʹҶˣɱҶѾֺһΪԼˡ

տ£һױȵľ޳ǣƽſڴϣ·һ̫žޣΰư硣
սǷǳΡ׳ۣߴĳǽ˵צĺۼ¶µĲɣСͬɽһĳ¥ƶˣ
սܣһ嫵ĻǺӣһ˹ʱо޴޳һżݣһ˸
ʣҶĳǳ֮УսǾһΪΰ׳ۡ
ѹսų۹һ۹Ҳֻе۶ܹսˡ
ǳأҶ֪սһ۹Ӱˡ
ڵսˣ˵
һԵСҲ֮ɫ
ΪսĺսУһֱǷǳʥĴڣǴС֪Լڵķ¼ζսǡ
ǰɣҶ˻֣ϵţزǲͬսǶһǺӡ
֮ϣ߹ĵţȻڳǰŶӣһ˳ǡ
ڷǳֳ죬ֵڲѡ
ϣˮﲻ
ԽԽĻԣ۹콾Ѿǰ۶ˡʣµģҲ·ϣִ۶
Ҳ⣬Ǳսǡ
սǵ콾ǲûмǰ۶һսǾ۶ֻܽҪ¾ܸϵûҪǰȥ
ʱ䣬սǼҪһ£һ꿡ʱ
Ǳս翪ˡ
սÿʮ꿪һΣÿһοýȥ꿡ջֻҪսǵ꿡ܣ뾡취սõһȥ
˵һսս磬Ϊ˷ԼˣսҲҪս֧ҪһЩЩ顣
ԣÿһս翪սǵĴ顣
ι˵𣿸ղųųϢʮԲ֮ҹս翪ʱ䡣
Ŷô죬ǰһʱˣҲԣԾҪʼˣսǼ󱲣ҲҪȥ۶
˵Իһʱſʼڵ۶ѾȺƼ˵ܶŶڻԿʼǰ棬ʱĵ۶һܾʡ
ٺ٣ʱ䣬ҲҪȥ۶һһܵ۶콾Щ˿ɶҪڻзء
Ѱһͨ˵ŵʮ˲ǰδУƵʷϵһţһԣעʱ

һҺľ¥֮УҶ£߱㴫˾ƿ̸ֵۡ
һ˴һʱмƲƲ죬ȴ絽ʱһǻҴ꣬ߣ
㻰࣡Ҷ԰һֻƵ棬߶ʱؽţ˵

˲ݸ
̫ɽЦЦǵʱ仹׼սҪȵʮſ磬ҾͲˣҲҪûչһ
ţϾҪμӻˣ׼һҲãҶ˵ͷ
ưεȣҲ˵Ҫȥ޴ڣҪϵʯҪΪ嵽ʮǰ벽ۡ
ЩʯǾȥãҶԽʣʮƷʯȡơ
һԺ֮һҿջס£Ȼ̫ɽơ˱ȥ޴ˡ
ҶҪ˰źãСɫڣսҵĸֻ߲ҪɵӣȻˡ
Ϊ𲻱Ҫ鷳ҶڽǵʱݣԼҶѾ۹Ҳû˽ϳ
ߴĳսڷǳҫۣӴռһгǣԶԶȥһϵϢ
ҶӣҪȥǰȴЩ˵
Ҷ쿴һۣһ֮ǰ˷ܣȴһš
Ҷٿ˿СҲһţϸһ룬ˡ
عң˵ҫһѪĹС
ΪǶǵһսĺ
΢΢һЦҶ˵ģǵ֤׼ãСڣҵֻỶӭǡ
ϣ˰ɣǽŲѡ
Ҷûм˵ˣųȥ
Ѿע⵽ҶˣǹȻų϶ʱһ˿裬ȵʲôˣк飿
ûһ˿Ҳûһ˿
ЩϵԵЩ£ΨҶСɫƽ
ҶʵС֪Լʦڣһжõġ
ͷλȥͨһ£սһķ֧Ҷ챧˱ȭ˵
֧׼սİɣҽɣзԸˣ»˰ǡԶʱɫһɣҶ켸˽븮ڡ
ս缴ʱ䣬Ѿսķ֧ˡЩѾ߲ˣԲ֣ûлҶ˱˼
Ҳԣսǣ۹Ҳûж˸Ҵսע⣬ЩȻ¡
ʵʵظ븮ڣҶǱȥһСܼңݡ
һ㣬Ѿ׼ˣæϵ˹ȥ
֧峤ϥжŮһԣֱСǸСܼùϣԼĶһ˵ͷ
ȻҶ죬ɫһ˭Ǽƺû˰ɣ
Ůæ˵
СܼԣʱҶĸ첲һɬ˫糺졣
ˣɣս绹ʮſʱǾסԺסҪ¡Сܼҵ˵ͷ漴˫֣ҶǰԺ
Ҷ԰˿ȥˣ԰ĵȴս翪ˣϣûаһˡ


600 սټ
ڷǳӴ󣬾ǷУһȦҪɰ졣
ڷΪԺԺġԼɽԺӴˣһЩ֧˾סĵط
ԺϵӵܾסĵطʵԼ츳֣ǿˣסںģһȵסԺȼ֣ǳɭϡ
սһϵӵܾסĵطÿһϵӵܣһĴڸڿνȨ죬һսǶ콾ǿߡ
ɽһЩϲ޵ĵطһսսλø֮󣬱ƾӵɽˣ˭Ҳ֪ɽ˶ǿߣǲսһ۹ơ
ҶԴ󣬱ѾԼϢڣܵһɹļµĸо
˵սһֹһλǿߣ˵Ҳʮλ붼ÿֲĴң۹Ļ塣
ǾסɣסԺߣǲԺҲֲˡСܼҽҶǴһԺ󣬱һˡ
˲û̬ȣ̾شԼҪסĵطֻԺΪ͵ȵĵطҲǳȷõĵطҪá
Ҳǳսǵĵλ̫ˣԺһЩݣ޽ķǳƯһ㶼Ǹ˾סġ
ҶǾסԺӣһĺԺǰĴ֮⣬߸ӣպҶס¡
˷ǳˣȻ¼Һ⡣
洦һ£غţԺת
ò˵ȷһгǣԺ͸ûʲôпĽֵһ̣ǳ֡
˿ĿɿڴҶҲ̾ѣսһչȻԺ˵Ҳмʮˡ
ĴϤһҶҲ˽ԺĽṹȻⲻĵ飬ҪսҸ߲֪С츳뿪սǺСһҲܹڴ˰ľס
Ϊ˴ԼҪ֪ϢҶһҾ¥ȥ׼̽Ϣϧʱ䷢Ĵ̫ˣ󲿷־ƿͶ̸ۻԺս翪̸Ҷһѵ顣
ҶЦҡҡͷֺ˻˼Ҿ¥󣬲֪һ顣
ǾԺķ֧ҪԺͺģȥרŲ츳ʵĵطֻҪʵǿһ̶ȣӵɫϵ츳˳
֪֮˴ϲСӵɫ꣬һԽԺ㲻ûܽġ
û˼Էֱ뿪¥ǰǲ츳ʵĵطˡ
һС㳡к֧ܶ˾ۼշǳ𱬡
Ҷһ·˽ȥ֪Ϊս缴֧ǰȻҲкܶһ˼׼ԼҵƼңԶսǣ֦ͷˡ
ö˰Ŵͣ̾
ҶСȥһŶӣ￴ֵ˶࣬ԵҲֻһǧˣҲ
ҶҲȤؿЩ˲ԣһЩ꣬ǣҶ뵽ԼȥŲμӲԵ龰
һΪǿߣǴɳܹΪǿߵģһҲûаɡҶ̾
ʦһΪǿߵģСҶĸ̾ɵͷᶨ˵
Ҷһ漴ЦЦǵȻҵͽܣҲҪΪʥԺ㲻ܳΪʥΪʦὫʦţ
СʱɵˣղųҲֻҪҶԼİˣ뵽Ҷôߡ
ǿʥ۹Ҳû˵ʥǿߣݴ½϶ʥĴ˵ˡ
СȻţҲû뵽ԼΪʥⲻЦ
ɵŸʲôˣȥԣС֮ҶһƨϣСʱͳ˳ȥݺݵˤǰĸ̨ϡ
ͣСЦ
Ҳݸ
̨ϣһҷ߾ȵؿһҶ죬ȻЦеؿſڵϵСٺЦλСѣ̨ķʽر𰡣ϣ츳ҲϷȡ

Χ۵˶ʱȻЦ
ССͨһƬһԹҶ죬ҧʦҲ̫ˣڿŰ
ɵÿΧһЩŮҶڳЦʱоСȵģͨޱȡ
ˣСһˣ콫Ʒˮ档ҷϷŰЦ
Сɫһ죬˵ĴЦ֮УæƷǰˮ档
ҷʱ˵ǲ츳ˮֻҪ㽫ԪУˮᷢɫĹâӵʲô꣬ͻᷢʲôɫĹâˣСһʼԪɡ
С֮ǰ˲ԣԷǳ֮£ʼԪ
ҲСʵȽϵͰɣһʼˮûзâΧˣʱҡҡͷ⺢ӾҲǳˡ
һЩҲ¶ͬĿ⡣
Ȼһ̣һɳҵɫâͬһ磬ˮ֮г𣬶ʱ;Ժ
ʲôҷͫһ𾪵ؿǰˮһ˲䲼˿ȡ
Χ۵ˣҲһɴ۾֮ɫ
ɫ꣡
찡СһﾹȻɫꡣ
츳ֻҪúҲܴﵽ߼˵ܽ𡣡
Сһǳ׷֦ͷˣҿ϶صļҲԺǺġ
۷׷ףСĿ⣬Ľ֮ɫ
һЩŮ˫ߵؿСд󵨵ģֱӶСۣССԽͨˡ
ʱҶҲܵһɹǿӸɨʣҲۣһЩ벽
Ҷһ˿΢Цսҵĸ߲֪ˣ²ˡ
䣡
ȻƬ֮һӴӸһӾͳ˵ǰϵĿһɨܣ΢ŵСϣ۾ʱ¶˲õЦݡ
ܺã֧һţСһɣ˵꣬ҲС˵ֱӴһӣСˡ
ǻҷ߲ûȻԣȻղ˵λܸߡ
Χ˵ϣȻĽ֮ɫв˿СǸҶģһк
Ƭ̣һ˾Ժˣ˭֪СڣһҲżȮ졣
ֱӴԼҵŮҪףһм֮ࡣ
֮£ҶҴҸϻסæţҲҳȥˡ
ʱ䣬Լ죬֮ϴδҶ˽ǸСܼˡ
ˣСܼңæ˵
Сܼܳæֵˣ㻹ǲҪɷСˣСǷȥ
̬Ⱥ֮ǰȫһи̾
һԵҶ򿪿ʵȥʲôʲôҪ𣿡
Ǽҳһ˲õţսҪԽӼǣءС߰ɣǵȼˡСܼæ˵
ʲôսŮʱˡ
Ҷȴͫһ
аղǿ߿ƣ°벽Ҳ뿴ʵսһλǿ߰
Ҷ첻ԼҪǱ¶ô죿


601 Ȣһһ
ϵĴһƬྲ
ǳȨģһսʩĵطսһӵܣкܴ
ΰ׳۵ĻԻ͹ſڣֱվʮλߣһɢſֲĵ˵սľ
ҶĿ΢΢һɨû⿴ŵĽҲ߼ǿߣߵ۰˼
Щһŵһֻ￴ŵġ
ȻҶ첢ûʲôȣΪ֪ĸӿֲֻһҲӦǸˡ
ĸӦΨϵǿߣ˵϶սˡ
ȻǴ·СܼҵսѾڵȴˣȥɣǵù㡣
ŵص˵ͷǿս۹պĴزȲϡ
Ǵû뵽Լһܹս붼롣
֮֮ɣҶԣһͬŮһ𣬳Źȥ
ƺõҲûҶˡ
ھĵģǳһ㳡ֻˡ
һС֮ǰǸСߵ󺺣Ǹɫ۵ӣڴ棬ƽؿҶ˽
˵ҶҲµŵǸɫ۵ӾսˣŶԷǺƥϢ𺳲ѡ
𼶱ǿֲ̫ˣֱ
ݼս
Ҷһ𡰽š
ö񣡡ս˰֣ԵЩɣҶ֪ԷȻӣʵѾǧˡ
𾳽ǿ߿Իǧ꣬ս˵ҲǧˣѾǡΪˡ
󲿷ֳΪǿߣǧϣǧ֮ǰûнʥôͷҲֻһѡ
̧ͷ˲䣬Ҷ͵͵һսȴӭսĿ⣬ڵӣ޾ԨһӾͰҶǣȥˡ
ãҶɫһ䣬æͷ֪ԼѾ¶ˡ
Ǻǣ
㱼䣬Ҷսһ˿Ц
ҶʱЦ̧ͷٴδսû͵͵ˣĿսѾ¶ˣνˡ
սԵúᣬһЩֵ׳ӡüëܺںڵüë棬һ˫ޱ۾̺ЦؿҶˡ
ѾСΪӣӽ쿪ʼǺһסѾ͸ˣɷȥɷɡս˵
ɷ
ɷ
Ҷоһ
ԱǸĴ󺺣ʱضսһȻкˣ׼ȥ
ҶҲ׼뿪
ڴʱ
ˣ˵ŮϷ˵˵ɣսǲɣʱҶŲһ٣ߵϣҲ漴˿Ц
⡭ʱĵؿҶ죬ЩദȻ֪ҶݣԷǳġ
ҶЦҡҡͷȥɷɣҵ¾
ȻеǣսҲ֪Լֻܷȥ
ʱټĴ֮УֻʣսҶˡ
ͬʱҶҲܵս˾޴ı仯ղŻһˣһ̣ȴ·ǧһߡ
ˣ߱ţս˵˸ҵľ⣬˲ֱӡ
Ҷʱܵ˾޴ѹȸС
̫ǿˣֱ޷ȫһȼġ
Ҷڸܵһ˿𾳽Ŀֲɫʱ˵Ҷ죬սǰ
Ҷ죿ǰʱһߵҶ죿սһ˿ȻȻҶǷôҲû뵽ʱֵ۹зҶ졣
Ϊ۹պսһλǿߣȻעͨ꿡ܣҲֻһǵȾţսۡ
ԣսҲŹעҶ죬һȫͨҶܸȤԷܹһߣǾ۹һһľš

Ҷ칪˵
ȻѹܹһߣӢ۳갡սʱ̾еѹҲʧ
Ҷ찵˿ʱսѾָ֮ǰǸүүˣɲСүү
˭֪үүʲô⡣
ҶֻһһˣϾ˼ҵĵƣǷŹԵá
ս͵شƬҶ죬漴ɫһȵҶ죬һ鱾ܣΪλ뱾ĸۡͼڣ
䣡
·ױ죬һǿֲѹûҶѹڵϡ
Ҷֻо˫ƹǦˮһ̩ɽҲˡ
жʱЦЩϼһȻԽղŻúõģ˵ͷȷ黹졣
һҶ칧˵ǰˣڷС˷ӡ꣬Ϊ⿪ӡĽŰѽս͸ҡ
ûѣսǿѣѰ·
սµıƸֻżѪܽ룬ȻСûʸս硣ս˵
ͬʱڵѹҲʧˣҶ˹ϵĺˮȻˣ͸ˡ
ս˰֣ô˵㶼СΪһţǾˣҪЦСˡ
Ҷ԰ѣȥսҲˣҲߣҪôϵǸ仰
Ҷ̭֮ʣսͻȻЦ˵ˣȻѾŮҲżҵˣȻԽս硣죬Ű
Ҷ쿴ǰЦսʱסˡ
ȢЦɣ
ǰԼˣֻǽսѣȢŮҶæ͵
ôݵ𣿡ս˵
Ҷ컹û˵꣬ͱսˡ
ֻս˻֣˵ȻûһŮҲһ޸ˣĳɣ
Ҷʱᣬæ˵ǰѾˡ
檺Ҫϲ㼸ˣȻɷɣ͸ȶ飬ս顣սһӣҲҶ죬ʹЦ뿪ˡ
ǰ
ս
ҿ
Ҷ쿴սıӰʱɵˡ
²Ȣ⸽һսǧġҶˡ

һ֮С
ͷӣҪü޸Сӣһ˵
ţսߵ
ͷӣ㲻İɣÿǵıŮ˶ʱ
ѽѽ֣ˣսʱģﻹһ˿սƣֱһ޹ϡ
֣̣ұŮߺߣȻŭ
սæ͵ϢŭСԸս磬ҲԸȢǸɼƷѡң츳۹ҲһģҸһƷԣ츳ķѵҵĿ𣿡
ߣ˵ͦеģҿСҲǼŮͬɡ˵
ٺ٣ĸ֮ý֮ԡֻҪͬˡսЦ
Сӻ죬õԸֲǲ֪˵ǵ
˾ܷģǼλŮɲһˣ㵽ʱźǵķɡսЦ
ߣʱҪŪˣݹҲߵ


602 Ů
˵ʲô
һĹ֮УȻһͬغ
СС㣬⡭ү⡭˼һĽСŮ˵г˾塣
Ķ棬һŮƽսףâɣӢ䲻
һŮʱȴڷ쭣ͷ˶飿һҪһŮһ޸
ңͷأһҪǹĺӣߺߣ
Żƽս׵Ůŭ
ڲ
ŮҪˣ
ܣȻǲˣ
ȥү㣬ڣ˺ɽֻдүȥš
ܣһŮȾܣǳҡ
ΧĺҲһؽš
Ƭ̺һŮӹ֮ڵ˳һò棬ǱѣɥС㣬ⲻҵ°ء
䣡
û˵꣬һɫĹâӹ֮ڳԼԼԿõһŭĻƽŮֳһѿľ޽ɱ졣
һ
ͷӣˣɱˡһ˽˵
ʲôսһ漴ŭˣǷˣҲɱûˣ
ս㲻𣿡ֵ˵
Ŷˣȥɽչأȶʱٻæһáս˵ֱ˲Ƶ˺ɽҿ˻ɽ
䣡
һƴƥĽɫâͬһĩ췣ݺݵ˻ɽ棬µѸٳ˷ӣڲ
Ȼɽɴڣ˿û١
ɶ񣡡
ֱˣ
ҧгݣȻؽֱӿŻƽ޽ȥ
ʱ߳һĸˣᣬվһ𣬾һԽá
ѽˣ￴ȻƯˣŮЦеӭ˹
ƨҵĻ£ǲҲͬˣõۿ˫ð𣬼ϵĻƽ޽Ҳ˸
æֵˣûдӦҲ֪ϾŮˣ˵㣬Ȼһһҹǲ
ս𼶱ǿߣ׵ȻõĻںɽû
ˣس˰սѪ
ս
𣿡ԣɵؿ˿ı֤ǿš
ȻСסھȥɱֻҪˣҲü޸ˡ漴˵
⡭󺹣⻹û˾ıɱ׷ˣ⺢ӵǲģôһ㶼
ս֪룬»˫˫ͬĲ
ţÿɣʱ۾һУĻƽ޽͵رһҵĽâԶݶˡ
ɷ
Һ
䣡óͬһŽɫĹâķȥ

Ƿ
ɷУҶ͵ش˸磬ӣƵؿ⣬һƬƲҵ
ԶһŽһ͵͵Ҷ죬ʱ¶ɬЦݡ
˷ܵؽϤļҾߣһشСаȻʼɷԱ߼ŮҪæû
СҶĲԶѪħʱѯҶ죬ǳ̿ࡣ
ʮŮڴ֮УȴǵķԸ
ͷ۰
ӴջĿ⣬ҶЦ
ôҲû뵽ᷢսȻǿаŮ޸ǳ
ҶȻ檡ʵϣѾ׻ľѩѩټϳãѾĸˡ
ǣЩ˶鰡ʶãһ˼Ҳûа
οǸսСŮֶ֪Ӷûô˵ͽأ
Ʊǿս֮£ҶôҲа
Ҷ쵹ǳӳսҲҪˣϾһ벽롱ˡ
б˵ŮģҶƵغߵ
ʱ⴫Сܼҽ
ˣˣСܼżܽڴϢţ֮ɫ
ҶʱȣԶŮҲ˹ֻСڼ
ʱ䣬СܼѾҶǻˣ˵Ҳǳ㣬ƽһºҶ콹˵Ҷӣ㣬ԽԶԽá
ΪʲôҶɻʵѵսҪɱԣСܼҲҳսսҪɱɱˡ
Ҳɻѣ˭ڳ
СܼҿЦλδް޸㣬Ҫɱ㣬㻹ǸϽɣ˾ˡ
޸ңҶȴǴϲⲻδޣøϼһôƵŻ¡
ǣҶЦ˵ãҲ
㻹ǱĺãĪģСܼҿȰ
һԵˡ
δޣδޣɻ
һԵҧɫ˲԰࣬ЩѣЩġ
СܼԾɵؿһҶ죬ɻû˵𣿡
ҶЦ
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Ȳ˵ˣҶӣūһȰϿȥɣСѾɱˡСܼҴǣż˵
СƢܲ𣿡ҶЩأ漴ʵŶˣСʲô֣һ֪أ
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áֺܿɰӦһλŮɣϾǹǿ˵
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ҪǣǿóҶһֱڷˮͱҶˡ
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⣬˲սߵУһڴϢǳսͼǿ⣬˭֪Ҷ졣
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Ǹ뵽ǵĴҶ죬ǸСɣĻ˵ʲôҲȥġ


ĳԺԺߺġһƬŵƽʣϲɽ˺ޱȡ
Ͼսıǧ𶩻飬ȻޱɣսǸҵļˣһսǵ꿡ܡ
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Ҷ쿴һеսս֪ԼֻÿЦųҽ׼ȥս翴˵


605 
СӣڱǰˣߺߣսЦеؿҶԹԳȵҽ
񱩵Ļɽ緢޾ҽû˲񷣬һƬ졣
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۵ĵ棬ָ٣³ķâ亹ֱðֻ֪ҪԷٽһ㣬·һˡ
Ҷ̾ջ˴۵ɨһۣû棬ߣ
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ʣһˣɫ԰ޱȣһƨڵϣľȻؿҶıӰʧƶˣþ
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ŴΪʲôô˵ˣǿ֮ĸӦŴٸܵ˴Ҷϴв


606 ƾŹ
죬ÿһ춼ΣԽԽΣգҶʵȴǷǳɣһ·ƹضϣܿͳ嵽˵졣
ղŵǶܹ߽Σ̫ʮʽкܴãϧֻһ䣬Ҳ֪ܲҽ̫ʽ
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ǣҶȭâųһɼϢӶ˳ҶȭͷķƬնˡ
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ִѹ̫ˣ츳Ҳǿڵʵȴֻ൱߼ڣս֮ٽһȻһĶ֡
Щġ
磬ŲܹģϾӵʡŶٿŴٵɫæο
һԵҲ˵ǰݴ½Ŷȥһȵ˷֮غ󣬿ҲҪŵʮ⣬Ǻαôأ
ˣһòοߣŴߵ֮ػȻʣȻлΪʣԺ˭ǿ˭һء
Ҳ˵֮صĻ̫ˣһλԣһ˵ļһõΪʣ¡ŶĽ
Ȼ飡Ҷһԣɵþ
֮أһ󱦵ء


610 ʮ
Ҷ죬û뵽㾹Ȼҵ÷򡣡ٺٺЦ
ҶԣЦô˵ѵ˵ԼǱսƻģ
ܹͨھŹأȷ鴫ʸżҵŮŶٵ˵ͷ
ˣȻˣǾһȥɣμ֮ӦܹõǼ
һԵŴٻ˻֣˵
ȻҶܹͨھŹЩ⣬ΪҶԼԼܡ൱ѣ˲û̫⡣
УĶֻһԼ۶Ǽ˶ѡ
ϣֻҪõǼǵʵܶ࣬λԾ͸аˡ˷ܵ˵
֮ο϶ܹɹŶҲ˵ͷһ˿֮ɫ
ֻҶһɻʲô
һʹڣһ̸߽
λżүԸ񶼲һŴٳĬԣϲ˵ŶҲЩ䵭ҲҶͨھŹ֤ԼʵҲǳǻãȽ϶ࡣ
ˣ֪ˡһЦ̶˵ʹÿһڶбżػֻƽ󷨲ܵõı
ô󲿷ֹеıﶼĲˣֻʣһСֹΪػ̫ѣ
һ˵ҶŻȻѹΧһЩƱ˹һ鶼ǵһս󱲵Ŀ顣
Ϊ̫ѣĹ棬ǶıκһǼֵǣԵŶҲ˵
ҶĿⲻɵٶô⣬ô϶Ҳô
ҶĻܹı̲סʵˣﻹûı˵ʾơʯһĵر
ȻУܶ඼ǰȡˣʣĶǶǵʵȡõҡҡͷ
ŶҶԶʱϲæ׷ʵЩʲô飬ȥ𣿡
ղ˵ĺʾƺʯ鶼Уңʾƾǧı棬Чӵĺãʯ黹ݵģЧҲһ㲻ںʾ֮¡
ٻû˵꣬Ҷĺͼֻ۾ͺˣ߻ħһ
̫ˣȥ𣿡Ҷ켱ʵǺʾƻʯ飬һǿһں磬ӶΪʮ
Ȱ㻹ǲҪȥҴˣʮҴ磬ҲͨЩ飬̫ˡŶҡҡͷ
ٵǸɴָ࣬ŲԶһӴĹ˵һʯ飬ֻҪȥһ£ܹһֲĵز
Ҷʱ۾
һû˵꣡ٿҶģʱҡҡͷЦһ벽𼶱ĴߣΪʱ䱻Ѻǳŭ㻹Ǳˡ
벽𡭡˻Ҷʱһ̾ջĿ⣬ȻҪǿ֪ġ
а벽𼶱޿أǻ붼ˡ
ʱǰŴٺȻͣסͷҶ죬ڵӹâ˸ȸǰõԼȥЩġ
˵գԱһսȥ
Ŷæȥ
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˵ߵսǰһ޴󷨶ʱǰ˸ɫĹâгɱ
һ콣ɱһУͻ콣ϵĹ
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ҶףڸԼͣΪŶٺٿ϶Ѿ˽ˡ
ȻŴٿҶ죬˵ﵽſʮɣҵʵԼɣҶܺһ˼ɣһɣΣ
û⣡Ҷ˵ͷȴǲмƲƲ죬ŴٻСˣҲûнֵͣڡ
ţŴٵ˵ͷ漴ǰ󷨣ɫʱȿʼϸʱš
ǣ磡Ŷٵͷ
ˣ磬㶼ˡٲͷ˵
ŴٵһۣŵæЦһһ̤󷨣Ҷæ
ৡ
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ôǿҶ찵𾪣еӣʵ߼ڵŴ٣˲ˣЩ콣֪
ߣŴٴһŽɫ򣬴Ҷ򹬵ȥ
ʮɵľ룬ܽƽһ͵ˣ棬ȴƱӳˣôҲˡ
ۣŴٺȻһѪɫԽ԰ˡ
Ҷ췢ִʱ˲ɣ빬ſڻɡ
ŴÿһһѪؿڵ·Ⱦˡ
磬ɣŶ֮ɫ
һԵҲѡ
Уһܼ֣׼ҪңŴٴٴԪȫõĹâʹýɫš
ɰ룡
ɣ
ɰ롭䣡
ŴڼֲסˣɫûԤ׵ˣŵɫ˲԰ףŶ׼ǰͷųԼĶս򣬵סΧâ
ˣ£ֱؿڡ
ۣŶȴһѪֵغҲֲ̫ˣҿ¼ֲɡ
һԵŴɫʱ͹콣ɱɰ룬Ŷٺļֲɡ
ۣŶٴѪҧųǰ
ɰˣʣɰ룬ô죿磬һҪס
ŴҲżѣڼҪضˣֻǰǰ
ƴŶٴһ˳ױˣڳһɿ͵ƣӲس忪âٶǰ˰ɡ
ɣ
ܣϣļֲסˡŶͫһ͵һѪһӾ͹˵ϣΧĽɫҲȻʧɫһ
ҿɰҲֲסǵһʱס˶ս򣬴˼ǰ
ȻŴ٣Ŷ٣һĲȻ
ɵľ룬ٺҶƽ֣һҲҪɡ
ŶҲֻܼһɰ룬ٺҶܹ


611 һ
ѵҪ𣿡Ŷҧģһţزۡ
һԵŴҲɫѿóҩѸٻָƣʱ̫ˣָ˶
ۣٸ˰ɣ͵һѪֵشеҿҲ̫˰ɣҿֻܼһɣ
ȻÿһҪѪŴٺŶٻҪҡ
ŴٺŶٶɱĻҪ£ټһŴٲܳȥ
ˣż٣ҪˡŶңһľ
Ŵ˿һԳĬҶ죬˵ǸˣҶ֣ҿǲܣˡ
ţҶЩȵؿŴ٣û뵽Ŵ٣ʱǸΪ˻ǲ
ҶЦŰ˰ֵûʲô۵ģҪ֪еһսǰµȭ֮ģ˵ʲôҲҪȥ
ҶֺҪܹһԸһ£ͿˬˡٴǽһѪҪֲסˡ
ܻҲԸߣżҲ£һŶҲ塣ŶҲ˵
һŴҲ˵
ҶԣʱЩжȻ£λżү֪Լˣܹ֤ǾԲǿЦġ
ң
Ҷ΢΢һĨЦݡ
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ȻղѾƴˡ
ʱ򣬾ſڻɾ룬ŴٺŶѾ۾׾ˡ
䡭
ͻȻһƬɫҶΪģ˷ӿסΧ콣
һչ׵ŭ𣬽Χ콣飬һƬâ財
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ŶҲŵؿŴ١
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ʱҶ콵£ЩǱһ˫ӣ޵еš
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ֲˣʵ㲻֮£ҶĳҲֻǷ˶ѡҶЦżٶֵܲһ
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Ҳǰ׳ˣܹһɱ˵ˣȻǲŶҲЦ
ˣˣǻࡣŴٺݺݵصܵһۣ漴ɻؿҶ죬ʵҶ֣ôᶷսʤȭ㲻ҪᣬֻǺ棬ѵҸ״ģ
ǰҲܺ档ҲؿҶ졣
ŶҲ˺档
ҶЦɱ˵ھŹصڻ񣬾͵õ˶սʤȭ似ˣôڵھŹû𣿡
ʲôԶʱ
㡭㾹Ȼɱͷ񱩵Ļ𼦣ŶҲȻؿҶ졣
ǶǴӵھŹسģһһģȻ֪ͷڻĿ£ƴȫһ˳һøзϡ
ŴҲ̲ס̾ػڵھŹصĶڻ񣬶ʵ࣬ҲֻǽˣɱҶʵˡ
Ǻǣǻǽȥɣһսǰȭ֮ģҶĳڴѾáҶӣЦЦ漴⡣
Ŵٶʱع˷ܵ˵Ƚȥ˵գȽ룬Ҷæȥ
Ҷ֣֮ǰһЧһˡû뵽Ҳ˶սʤȭٺ٣ʵܴˡٺٺЦ
һһʱ򼯺֮һȺŹŶҲˬشЦ
Ҷ첻ݸ


612 ȭ
սһƬžһλ׵ӣ˫֣ҶˣӨ͸ɢŵĽɫԣ಻
Ҷ˺Ȼˣʱɫ
ԲǱ壬ȫɾ־۶Ȼܹǧ꣬ʵֱͨ쳹ء
˵϶ǵһս
Ȼ˺Ŵ١Ŷ١ٶʱߵݡ
ݼڣ
ݼڣ
ݼڣ
λżүǳݣиǳ˿ȡ
УżУһսһ棬һ񻰣ֱƱһ㡣
Ҷ죬ݼǰҶҲһ۷ǿߣֵ𾴡
ھĵģŴǰ֮ǰתˡ
ʱĿ⣬ƶգֱӿҶ˵ǻһ˶ˡ
䡭
Ҷ˲Ժд𣬸оضһתеһжڱ仯
šˣ˽ˡ
һɣ̾Ϣ·֮ǰ޾µĺۼҶ
㱼䣬ҶǸоΧĳһ仯Ѿս֮УһƬɱڵĹսϡ

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ԶԶȥΧ׹Ǻʬ壬ʺѪҺȾ˴أȵѪӣɽ֮ʣͬһƬ޵
䣡
һߴӰ
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ĶսһսɳԣĶսҲǲͬһսҶˣ⣬·Ľâԣֱӡ
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һԵҲڴ֮ɫ˵Ҷ֣ǼУˣ죬죬һˡ
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ˣҶֻҪʱ䣬ܽսʤȭɾʱŴҲ׾ˣһĽʺޡ
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ǿˣһһһеţǻǲҪˡٺٺЦֹۣȻҶ̫ˣҲͲҪȽˡ
ŴٺŶʵҲ֪ǱϾ۹ţԼĽЩɲ˵¾ܷµġ
Ҷ챻ǿһ죬ֵʵû˵ôҸоŶսʤȭ·Ϊתսģɱ¾Ҳ붷սʤȭ⾳ƣıȽϿ졣
Ŷϸ˵˵Ŵԣʱȡ
ŶٺҲǺ治ѡ
Ҷֻøǽһ飬Ŵ˶ǾţܿҶ˵жʱ˾ϲ
ô˵ֻҪ˾תս壬ȫԼսʤȭˡŴϲ
ȻתսɹֻҪĲ㣬ǵ㣬ǵ츳ǿԵġŶҲ˷ܵ˵
µȳȥһҪս˵żһ˶ʵҲ˵˵
ҶЦЦͻȻԼĶͽСҲżӵܣԺҲսʤȭбҪѾתսҲ
ŴѾȲ뿪սչսʤȭ;תսȥˡ
Ҷ׼ܲҵЩǿıȻ˽Ŵǿɲһﴳء
ϾЩűĹػ󷨣Ϳع̫ˣܹġ


613 ǧ쳾
ĿŴȥ֮Ҷ֮ڹЩѾƵĹȥȤĶһЩõĹ
ǰ
һʯ鰡ҶĿȡ
վǰЩĵع濴ȥֻһȫźɫۼ׵ľ޴ߣſڵϣǧɳһͷǳ׳ۺͿֲҶŵװ嶼ڴ
һػҪ󷨱ʵܹưҶЦ
ʵϣ󷨣ʵסߵġ
𣡡Ȼһ󷨣ҵĹ⻪·ĩս١
Ҷ׼뿪أȻ˶ɵȥֻ߲֪ʲôʱһ˫޴۾Ѫɫӣ񱩵ɱݺݵص
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𣡡߶ʱŭݺݵɱһͷײ棬ֲϢڲ
ҿ󷨲ᱻ˰ɣҶһﻹҶȾܣҲһˡ
ײΣ󲻸ĵȥˣֻһ˫Ѫɫӣ˿񱩵ɱ⣬Хϡ
Ǳ̬սϼһֲĶػ˭а취ƣҶЩµ뵽
뿪Ҷ쳯һȥ˵кʾƣںһС硣
֪ʲôֲһػ
Ҷ̧ͷǰĹ뵽
һҪһĹΧ󷨹â˸ϣĿңޱȵĿ
ףû޿أҶ͸󷨣ϸ۲һ£ɵôϲ
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Ժüǿһ֪ʶȻˣˡҶ찵뵽
ȻҶ뵽ԼСлһϼһɵ۾һ
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Ҷæߵˮ˳ϼһﾫͨ־ͨƿܣ϶Ҳͨ󷨡
ţҶСӣϷʲô飿ˮ¶ɭףɻͺشܡ
֨֨Ѱſˮ棬̧һֻСצӣָǰĹ˷ܵشš
ˣ֪бû취ȡҶ췭˷ۣšСһСβͣ˦һȥˡ
֨֨Сһʱؿ飬Ҷ첻Թ˵Źתƺ֪Σգҽȥ
Īս磿ʱ߾ȵ
Ȼϳ
Ҷ첻ɵþȵҲս磿
ҽһΣٺ١ЩεЦЦ
ҶʱƲƲ죬ҽ͵͵İɣսô߽
ˣСӣʲô񡣿˵Ϸ򵽵ʲô飿߱Ҷ񿴵Щûţʱ⡣
ȻʾҶĿеĵλҪæָǰ˵⹬кʾƣҿʲô󷨣ûпƽ⡣
ʾƣ߶ʱ۾漴ͿЦҡҡͷ̾öûкˣϧϷҲȲ
ٷϻˣҿûа취Ƶ󷨡Ҷĸ̾
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614 Ѫ·
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615 ɫ

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֮սˣ֪ЩѶȡ˵Ҷ죬ʮһȥҲƽⲻˣǸǸʵĿ飬ǸǿߵĿ顣
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һתۣһ¹ȥˡ
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ڶܿ٣ڼŮź£Ҷ촩ոµϲۣǺɫĳ趯һͷƮݵĺڷҲڰзôƷһӡ
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˵Ҫһµʱ䣬ҶҪ׵۹ˡ
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ս˿Ҳ𾪣Ҷսôᷢôı仯ʵɳֵزѾѹһˡ
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õ׷ȥһ޵սȴǲ˲ƣֻܲĵһѳˣǷйԼŭ


619 ۶
սǵУһеӰ̤նУȻԵãò
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çԲԣޱߡ
սǳҶ켫ٷУºڿưĵ۶
Ρ۳ǣͬɽǧһſޱ޼ʵĴϣХΰ
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ȻΪȻ죬ʵȴĲ࣬ӹ֮Ĳ࣬ǶԴҲˡ

һ۶ʱһֵ۵һƬʢΧһϣˮޱȡ
˵ǰһɫεض񷣬ư硣
𺳵ǣɫ棬һӴĳǳأиߴ¥̨ͤ
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ղŵһ쵶ӡ˶شˣҪǣΪһ۷ţֶסԷһУ̫ˡ
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ѵĸۡԼǽĳأŭڣҧгݣҶ죡

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627 
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628 
۾ٰϢһӴ۶߶ΣҲ֪Լûʸμӡ
εᣬ˵۶Ĵμ֮⣬۹һЩ꿡Ҳܵ룬Щˣ۹һǿˡ
ܵ꿡ܣޱȵļ˷ܣⲻһʵϿɣҲǽʶһԺǿߣԼλݴ½ıʡ
Ϧ£һϼʹһ㵭ɫĹԡ޴ĽɫڲϼзŽɫԣһӰ̤ݣʹ
ʹǵ۶ߵĽˣĽɫ񣬶ȴɽǰߴ󡣴ӻʹǰĹ㳡ϣӶ£Կ۶е˾һֻֻһ
ˣһֻᵱһɽСĺ
ʹĻԻͿ󵽵̫۵ķˡ翭̾
˵أ˸ܵһɹϲɣϢʹµĳʷļ֤
µ̫ۣս޲ʤĵһսЩ¼۹ʷϣ޷ĥһһǿߡ
ʹǵļ֤ѾȥѾǣʹǰ˻Ǹܵ˵۹ʱĻԻ
ȻһǸоȲȻЩ۹ܹݴ½ưһûһġ̫ɽ޵
֪ϵΪʲôһҪݴ½ˣǵطֱ¡Ҳ̾
ʹеĽ޽ɣҪĻǹơʷĳһһϦԻ۵ģǲʹ𺳵ĵط
ҶŻʹ㳡룬̫۵ĸߴȻӿֳһɺ̲ס˵ǿδ󣬵ڣǵʱʱ䣬ҽԽ̫ۡ
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û뵽ҶͻȻ˵˺оһѪڡ
ǰ̫ѾΪȥǵʱʷд
񾭲
Դ񣡡
볬Խ̫棬ɵ˰ģ
ԱһЩ·ˣҶĻɵòмƲƲ졣
Ҷ쵭һЦûЩ֪ˡ
̨˵ĺãͻȻһصӱ
˻ͷȥֻһ꣬ɫĳۣҶ
ͦΣüޣǳȻƽӭʱ򣬴һǿѹȸСûпطųǿһȻɵƣΨǿ߲ӵС
Ҷ˲ˣһ˫ڵӣҵľ⣬绮
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̫ɽæסͣ죬˲򵥣
ǿѹȸУļµĸоֻһϼʶ翭ʱҲصؿҶꡣ
걳˫֣·ûиоҶͷųǿƣǰȥֱҶһʱͣ
ҶĿԽˣҵ⣬ϵǳҪ貣һ쵶˺ա
ӣ񳯡΢һǰ̫۵漴ЦſҶ죬ͷ̨˵ķǳã̫ǿҲΪ˹ȥǵʱֻǣܸдʷд档
˻ﵭȻڱ˶Уȴ𺳵ĸо·һڲ¡
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Զ翭̫ɽƵԣɵúȻؿꡣ
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һҶŵĻȻһһĨȻ
һѣ㿴ˡҶһЦ漴ƺӦʲôָָݵĵط
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䣡
һǿƣ޼ɵس񷣬ɨ˻ģӻʹ
Χ˶ʱϡ
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ǽ񰡣ʵһЦ漴ͷȤʵһأ
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һţȻû˵۹һӳľš
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Ҷ죬ҼסˣǷ֮ټʵ˵ͷҲһһۣԹ˵ʹ
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ţԶһʱҲϢüؿ򱱻ʵıӰĿдһ˿ɻ
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ʱҶѾϢһһûҵĿֻ꣬ǺҶһӱʵϸܵһ˿ѹԲؿ˱ʵıӰ
ֻǣգ֮䣬Ѿ˻ʹʧ˵֮С
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Ҷһʱ֪һҪţɵߵǵҵĻһμңڵġ
϶ѣΣ㻹ӵ²һЦ
ԣһᵱڻ㣬۹һţǰһЦѡҶ˵
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Ҷ쵭˵˸㣬ǵŵǸĳϣɱġ֪ʬûУ
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ϣǸʱ㵽ҶЦЦתȥ
һҶıӰʢɱȡ
ﲻǻʹͳˡ


629 
й㳡߽ţǰ˲һС͹㳡˵ǰӭȥһ̻Ի͵Ĺǰɢһɰƣ˸еϢѹ
̫ۺһڳ۹ҴµĵطȴǰᡣС㳡ϣڷΣΪ̫࣬ڵĳѾ
Ȼδֻ꿡ܣֹͨϵģдǵӵܣԼ۶ҵǿߣйڹӣʼҵҵȵȣ̫ˡ
ʱỹûпʼ˶˴˴һ𣬴кͺѣǽѵĺʱ
ÿ˶ԼȦӣ翭ҲòʱƲҶ죬ȥһЩǵСүȥˡ
ҶֵҲʸڣʶʲôˣҲʶʲôˣ󣬾ԼλϣĿˡ
ҶȻʲôˣΧ꿡ǣȴϳʱضָָ㣬۷׷ס
һЩ۶Ĵڵ֪Ҷ֮ҲʱͶעĿ⣬ʹҶߵĽ̫ɽͶƶЩˡ
ͬܵĿˣһԼ۶ܣŴ١Ŷ١ǡ
żҵʮٶǳǿҲܵ룬Ҿһһۿȥ벻עⶼС
ܶ˶̾żһʵ̫ǿʢˣһǳɳǽڻҵ
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ٺ٣֪ˣĳ˿϶ǱԼŮŵ޼ҿɹ飬ֻܵԻˡӹһЦսԱߡ
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˶֪Ժĵʦ𾳽ǿߡ
ϵܣãʥּҪ䲼˰۽֮һ۾ͿϷսʱ⣬ЦǺǵشк
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ʱ򣬴Ա߳һǿߣһʥּˣʵگԻս֮Ůãͨ죬£˾̷֮Ϊսʡմˣ
ʥּڶʱѻȸš
˶Ŀɿڴ𾪡
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Це˵ϵܲǹ֧һֶŮҪúúһ
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սǵͨ죬Ҫһڿ¾췴ˡ
ϼһҲн죡ȺУҶ쿴ðЦ
ЩǿЦֻܵͷҴһһҪǱսסˣѰ·
Ŵ۵ĵʽʼŮǷ׷׶ϾͲͣŮҲڵ衣
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ʱСҲſˣ̸۵ĴǣҲ˴˽̸Ƕڴ޷̸֪Щʲô
Ҷżͷ翭Ŵٵ˵˵
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ͻȻһϬĿ̵ֱҶ۾ۣæƿߡ
ȵҶ췴ӦٴοϷʱ򣬸պÿǸСͷҶ˵ͷ¶һĨζЦݡ
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ۣһ˵ӣôܲû䶷أĳţҪս۹λ꿡ܣˣ֪ɷ񣿡
Ȼһվ˵
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˭֪һʵˣսҵʯλԺʦǰˡ
Ҷԣ΢΢һĨЦؿһС
²⣬һĸĿģ϶ҪսʡϾ۹꿡սڻеǻᣬҲֻбʣһս⡣
׼ˣ
˼һʱ򣬴Ϸ˴ѹ


630 
ڴ۵һ£ǶʱڵС㳡ϰ̨ǿ̨ܲ󷨣ΧĹܵ
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кһ̤ն𣬵̨ϡ˫̨֣ϣһ꿡ܣҵĿ⣬š
һ˵ʱĿȴ棬ǳս⣬ֱٱʡ
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˵۶ܺżҼλ춯֮⣬꿡ǣǳĬ
һǿ֪һʱû˸ȥս
ôżλԺǰ棬۹Ȼû˸ĳһս𣿡һ˳ĬɵðȻһЦɫԽһˡ
˻һڳ꿡ǣɫʱѿˣһǰ۹е꿡ܶˡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬˵˷䶷ԣֽܳߣ˷

ʹʱһƬ䶯
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ȻĻ£һ񷣬̨Ĵϡʽܵ壬ҲһһȭɳȥϥأѪ


631 һָ
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ϷЩǿߣҲͷ͡
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˶ĿϣʱţҲûжȣǲԼͬؿڴϷıʡ
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ĶԾеǿǣҲ
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лۣһʲôȻȤл֮æȥˣϾɲﱻЦ
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㲻ҵĶ֡Ҷ쵭ؿ˾һۣ漴Լһƣ·ڳһʵ

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ǵŰɣǶ죬ʱôɱʯΰҧҧȥ

ڶϷһĻĻ㴫۶ʱһƬȻ
һѾ۹һ޵֣û뵽ξȻʵһָӲס֮һ۶
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һС磿Ȼʵ֮Уһô󣬱ս绹ҪѵʥǿߵС磿Ҷ찵𾪡
ͬһǰ磬Ȼ˵档
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Ҷһɵ̧ۿȥֻԶһƬƱڶշɫ䣬һɹ͵ѪϢ
ôޣǷ˵ĵһˣҵøϽ֣һҪ䵽һԺǱЦˡҶ찵һ룬ʱӱ˫ֻӶ֮䣬СݸһȺڶޡ
쵶ӡ
ҶͺһʱЩСݣΪâǰڶֱȥ
ͬ˱һĵâ˺ѳգ񷣬һֲɱȺ֮С
ЩҲۼߴﵽ߼ȴûһܹסЩâȫһ壬ѪȾ졣
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֪ԼαͨڶˣҶǿһȭͻ˾ӵǿߣϵĿһһľš
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û˸սҶ죬ܹͨһǰ꿡ܣһšΪţǲŸԼҶĲ࣬ǲǿֲܹġ
˶ˣһԣ죬లοȴλԽ
ͬһĻҲһ۶ܡŴٵȼϣ۹ţǶ֪Щ˵Ŀֲ档
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˲䣬Щ˵Ѫȴָǣ̾
λˡҶ쵭ɨȺһۣ˱ȭȻ̤˲ʺ֮š
Ҷ֣Ӧõģֻо塣˵
Ҷʵ죬㲻ţ˭ʸȥ˵
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Ҷʱжˣؿһۣصص˵ͷȭҶĳǱ֤η֮һ֮˸С۹ߡ
ڴҶֿ顣
Ҷ֣һ֧㡣
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ǣҲһʧ˽ǶУⷽС硣
۶㳡ϿգϵսУȻ˴۵ЦΧǿǣҲ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ԫ˧۾ſռѷ죬΢Цŵ˵ͷ
˰Ҫ䲼ʥּҶΪһһսΣ۹ϵ쳹۶
Χǿüͷ΢΢һȴû⣬˻ܷЩȴؿ˸ղŵһĻ
飬򣬴Ӳ츳ȺҲޱȡѧԺСͷ޵
ⷬģĴѧԱĵʦüͷѧԺĵʦߵϼһѧԺѾûˣţӦýѧԺá
ѧԺȻûˣǻȸѧԱʲôʱֵѧԺˣһʦڣԣһ㶼ѧԺĵʦ
ԱӦѧԺѧԺĵʦҲˡ
Цݴ½һ壬ţҰ׻ѧԺá׻ѧԺĵʦЦ
ΧɵȻԻûнʦھˡ
սеĴۣ΢ЦؿһĻ˵Ŀġ
ʱ۹ţҲܹѧԺĵʦƤֱӵˡ
ָоʵ̫ˬˣЩ۹ǿǣҲЦһּС
۶ˣڵ֪ҶٽһΪ󣬳ױ䶯ˡ
۶һƬȻ


636 ۷Ծ
嫵֮УƯһ½һٵ߲ʺ⣬˷½Щǲʺš
ÿʺϣһ꿡ܣǴ˴λԵǰһ
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ڣЩ˵УֻһĿ꣬ǾǼս
䣡
޴Ĺ㳡ϣһλƾճ֣𣬳˵֮С
һٸλǰһλͨɫһӾڳ꿡ܵע⡣
ĺ棬оŸɫλͬޱȣעĿ
ʣµλͭɫˣһȥɢһɹϵϢͬ
ÿλ涼һּǺţЩλΣǸɫλǵһ
Ҷ²ʺţһ۾ͿɫλĿһһǿƲرˡ
ߣ
Զһߡ
һӲʺһΧγһΧ޷ӽǹ޵еϢϯķѡ
ҶóһĶ棬ɫλм䣬һ۾Ϳ˶Էӱ˴˵пˡڱصá˼
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㶼ɱң˵վߣذɡҶ˵š
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һһɫ˵֮䣬˫Ҳʱһɿֲ˫֮ӿõն
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Ҷһ̶ˣһ磬˲նһ⣬һӳһǰһֱԷš
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СһЦһ˹âɣͷųޱߵħʱһƬڰһ޴ħ󣬶Ҷһȭ¡
򵥵һȭûʲôУһ̣ڳ꿡ܣսˣоһӽѹ
̫ˣħһȭء
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ҶԪѾŸСȫŴ۵۶ȥʹô۵Ʊȼһ˲âʢǳҵĵâһɱݺݵħȭͷ֮ϡ
ҹһ۾ŭɣ͵һ𣬺ƴֱӽǵâ飬ҼҶȥ
Ϊһ𣿡ҶЦƥ񵶣ֱӻݺݵײħȭͷ档
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Χ꿡Ǿѣš
ôܣ
ǾȻܹĴƿռ䣬𼶱ǿ߲ӵе
ǾţҲŽʾ磬ôôǿ
ԣС磬ݴ½ԿռϱȽǵҲܹơ
ЦʥǿߵС磬Ψһ磬Ȳݴ½Ŀռ䣬Ҳһ˿ԴƵġ
˵ʵԽ̫ˣֱҴ⡣
۷׷ףȫǰһĻˡ
ҶһײһܵĿռ䳹鿪ǿǽµضһ޴ѷ죬˷ӳȥ
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䣡
رըˣֲıը
âӱըıûء
𣡡޴ħŭ˫ȭӶ֮䣬շâȭͷͬǳݺݵҶ졣
Ҷ˵һʩչ׵繦ٶͬ磬ϵħζĵâܵĿռ޲ֱ˵սˡ
˿ޱȺȻսÿһУɱǣʵʵ̫޴ˡ
۶ܺŴ٣ҲĬޱȣһҶ̬ţǿ󣬴ʱҲòͷ
ôܣСȻܹò¡磬ųϿ׳һ𾪺Ͳš
ԱߵʯΰҲǿƤֱߵģڲûʩչҪ֪ǵſɲȭ۵ģֻҪʩչֶΣӱɡ


637 
մ½ŶԾֲƵ죬½ڲޱߵѹѹķµϢ磬һƬը
䣡
һ񵶳˺գ񷶼ˡ
͡ƥĵâųһ޴̫ըĵûأҫ۶Ŀ
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˼ҽ棬ǿܵղ飬һ˺Ѳ񷣬һȭޣɿµ޵С
Χս꿡һˣѸĳøŶԾ˶һ۷Ծˡ
ѾǿսǿҲȲϣεս
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һħ϶Ϊһһȭȭޱȣ·޾ĺڰԨصĹˣµϢΣյɱ⡣
ֱֱûκλУһȭͬٵأֱǿգҪɱҶ졣
Ҷ˶ͷų޾ĹâеĴ۵ԽԽȣǱעµֲ֣ĵâأһֱ񷡣
һ̣ƺһǺһײһƥĵâҵȭâһȫſ˾춯ص
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ԺĵʦǣҲԽԽ˷ܣһ˫˫۾˸žâ
еĹսߣһ۷Ծ۷ˡ
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ܹһʵƳҶܲˡ

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ʯΰЦ˰ɣʵһֱûӳΪ۹ûܹʩչȫ
СˡһԵĿ׳Ҳ¶Цݡ
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ǣԪ˧˵ͷ˵ҶżҵĹϵ͵һˬҲҪҶ졣
СҲʧܵʱ򣬺ٺ٣սֻЦˡ
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ǰСܹôǿǿΨһ簡һûɣԷôɣһмǱȱʻҪֲ
˵ЩǶһˣʶǴһ̲סվôȻʱݻһٸС磬Ȼںϵ˾ŸС磬Ұ󰡣Ҫɹˣ·֮ûһĶ֡
Զʱ𺳵˵ˡ
ʱ󲿷߶ȻһС磬ֻŻݻС磬ʣҲֻݻʮС磬ںһ壬ɾΨһ硣
һٸС϶ΪһҰ̫ˡԺĵʦҡͷƺһӲڶҶ챣ϣˡ
һҲ̾˿
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Щֵı飬ǶʱɻˣҶ챬˿ֲ츳ôǷ̾أ
λϱǿ̾ں̫ˣԹûһ˽һٸСΪһ壬Щһ·ľţ·ˡ
Ҷ츳ôǿôܲɹ
԰ֻʣ¾ŸСˣܿܳɹˡ
һЩǿ߲ĵط
ϱǿЦԶʱϹʱ֪˶ţǵ츳һܺɨڵݴ½ôµţ·ϣûһ˳ɹ˵һ·ܹɹ
ǶʱĬˣǿ߶˵ˣǾĲٷˡ
ϧôһţȻһ·̾Ϣ֪Ҷһ貵ǣȻܹ˲ҫޱȣܿͻ䡣
ԭˣһ·һʱҲͨˣЦ
ڴ֮ǰȥɣҶһŸɫСգ۵һһɫħֱһš
һͫ׶ʱܵǹɿֲĵ⣬Ҫ־⾹Ȼǿҵľ
ס֣һŭȴ⴫˾Ϳһֺֻ񷣬ſµѹ١
˲䣬˶о޷ˣҶҲһľŸɫС磬һȻ޹⡣
ֲֻĴ֣ץסһֱ˺ѿռ䣬뿪
࣡ѧԺ
Ҷضֻ֣г˷ŭɱ⡣
ղų־һˣѧԺĵʦ


638 ·
Ҷ죬ɱңǾ仰͸㣬ڽɱҵģһЦӰʧ֮С
Ҷңһ棬ɭɭؿһıӰ
˽죬˷֮𣿡ҶЦһֱ̤˽ɫλ棬һۣ£˶ܵһɰ
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ҶһĴƣ۹һУѾû˸սҶˣϾһˡ
磡
̫ɽͶһ˹˷ܡ
ȻǶҶģǵҶһʱл̲סޱȡ
ǹȥдɣҪǶд衢սܴ󡣡Ҷ˵
̫ɽͶƵ˵ͷȻȥдˣҶôؿǰЩ꿡ǻսͬһ¡
۶ܻعͷҲʼ˴սˣӺʽսһȻŴҲֽ˻սһƬ
翭ҲִսȻΧѽѷ֡
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ò˵һȷһ˲õţҶ죬ŵĵ۹һĵһš
һսҶܶ࣬Ȼʵûǿ٣ȴսǿܶࡣ
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ȻҲںΣϾʵɲܹġ
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ΪٵЩ˶ǿߣԺĵʦ۶ˡ
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˶Ϊܳɹܿ䣬Բýύˡ
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ѧԺСͷѵСһǳȥ֮أú׼һ¡
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˵ֻнʥ𣿻񾳽ҲҪٵĿ飬ѵ·ҲҪ٣̫ɽ𺳡
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˻صۡһֱڼﾲޣֱ󣬲뿪˸ۡ۶㳡
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640 
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Ҷһ֣桢˷˳СС
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ףϣǰܹտǼˣһͬǰѧԺҶЦ
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ٷϻˣ߰ɣȻˡ
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ҶҲû룬ֱӳڵɽΧһЩ꿡ܣûг嵽˰·ϣһѶѰ׹ǡ


642 
˵Ҳ֣Ҷ޵׶ЩԪһȥ·ʲôֲĶǶ̤룬ⲻһӳǿھ̤뻢ˡ
Ҷûѡֻܽ޵׶棬ᱻ޾Ԫ
Ҷûмôֲޣûκ㣬㣬Ҳޱ޼ʵڸˡ
˵ǿһУǵһ̶ȣȻҲֲҶµؿɹȥĺѹѹһƬԪ棬Сĵس޵׶ȥ
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Ҷļµǣⶴ澹ȻйǿϢѹס޷̽ӳȥ
ңԽ£Ҷ͸оǹǿϢԽԽ
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ףǰЩˡҶʱ۾һǼǵ֮ǰв꿡ܷɽ޵׶û뵽ǰ档
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ּʶ㣬֪Ԫ˽٣Ҷ쳶⣬û۶ԷʲôıڣھԵʵǰġ
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˶ʱؿҶ죬һԶҶҲֶԸǡ
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찡Ȼһųǣ˾𾪡
ԶǰһưܵĹųǣ޾İ׹֮ϡǳطǳӴȻѾٻֻʣһƬ棬һЩʣµĽ֮УҲԿó˳ǵΰԻ͡
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Ǿ칬ػϡ
Ҷʱоػڿ˵ڿλǰλǿߣôжӡ
Ҷػ˫һ˿̾Ϣһ˿ˣһ˿ʹ࣬һ˿ʡ
СһúøһУڰͨһ֮·ͻȻػϲϵҶ
ҶʱɻȻһ̣뿪˾칬뿪˱ǲߣݴ½ʼس֮С
䣡
ͻȻһɫȭͷƥոˡ


646 ɱ¾Դ
ҶһŷӦǰˡ
һȭҶ쿴ͷϿյ޾鿪¶һƬ׳޾ǳ棬һž޴ĺǣɢųҵĹâǾ̫
ҶоԼ߼޾̽Ӷȥ棬ݴ½ԽԽСܶǺһ𽥳Ұ֮С
Ҫ𣿡
Ҷˣһοǿգһſҫ۵ǳ棬⣬͸һɹصϢ
Щǡ
ȻҶͫһΧУƯһ߾Ӵʬ壬޵ʬ塣
ȻЩ޵ʬ棬Ҷܵ˾ϢЩǰԷǳֲ
ЩޡѵȻҶɫһ䣬ٴζ˿ԶǿգЩǳʱУȴ쳣ֲ
⡭ЩѲɶʬ壿Ҷĵ׾
ǲǳһ߾Ӵʬ壬Ϊ̫ԶԿһſǳ
Ƭ浱Уݴ½ڵ򣬻̫⣬ʣ¶ʬ壬һſǳ
ôޣҶ챻׾ˣʵֲ̫ˣ֮оȻĪƯôʬ壬Щ޶ôֲҲʥǿߡ
һȥЩ޿ޱ޼ʰȴȫˡ
˭ɱģ
Ϊ
һһգҶУоһƬҡ
¡¡
ͻȻ޾ѿһŰ׺ͷϿգҵ׵磬˺ѿռ䣬Ҷɱ
һ˲䣬Ҷо綼ˣֲ׽٣·һ㣬ǻϢ棬һƬս
䣡
һǽɫȭͷƥ׵飬޼ɵس׺֮УһƬը
Ҷˣǿߵôֲ׽٣Ȼ˲һ
Ȼһ̣׺ڲѣɳһ磬ųìҶ춴
Ҷ챻ˣҲ׽٣ȻˣҲֲ̫ˣûмֿµ׽١
䣡
һֻɫĴָգĺǿе¶ȻҪͣΧʬ嶼ˡ
羹Ȼ˰Уֱӷ鿪
¡¡
׺ٴηڣһҶ쿴һɫɢӴѹɳѹ
Ȼȭ֮䣬ͱ÷飬ֱը
Ҷ챻ǿƵһĻˣλǰʵֲ̫ˣӴ׽٣Ȼ˵Ĳһ
Ҫ׷۷尡Ҷ켤˷ܡ
ţ׺ԼԽԽвɵ𾪣ͷλǰڳ׺Ȼȭֱɱ׺
׵ɱȴ޷赲ĽŲ嫵һ̳ױ·Զǿźһɢ⡣
¡¡žĽӽҶӿֲˡ
𣡡һͷ׻׺֮зɳҶɱǿֲϢҶ˲Ϣ㿪֮ʱʶλʥǿߵҲûͷ׻ɢϢֲ
Ȼһͷֲİ׻ȴǱһǽɫȭͷ飬ǿֱֲǿбը涼·ڲ
κζ޷赲˾
޵е
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׺Ϸڱһͷצɱһͷȼ档һͷߴͬɽ䣬֫ͬһ㣬̤գŭ𡣸ղͷ׻˿ٴγ֣Ĵ֮һɱ˹
Ҷס۾ɵϴһĻԼˡ
ĴްÿһǳԽ񼶱Ĵڣ׽ٻûģҲŽӽԿɱʥǿߡ
һλϣҲҪ㹻Ĵ۰ɡ
Ҷţʱһĺ

ܵϤϢҶͫһ˶һŵؿǰһĻ
£ΧһУһּٶȶᣬЩ޵ʬ壬ǳĴޣȫ˰С
ͷϿյӴ׺Ҳһ˲䱻ᣬ·棬ûʲôֹɱһжᡣ
ȻҶͿһɫĹȭſµ˱Ĵޣ׺ֱӳ޾ĺڰ֮С
ھһݵĺڰ
ɲǼ䣬ҶоǰȻһֲĺɫӺǿϣɢųɱҶ˶ڴ
ɫӣɺѪķڣͬô󣬹ᴩգȻϣ˲ԾظܵԼС
ɱ¾Դϸֻһʱʱ䡣
һ
ҶʱȻ֪λǰ뵽ػϵĻͨһ֮·
Ҷ쿴ǰѪɫӣ˶ʱĲĵɱ¾⣬ܹɱ¾ô̤ʥ̤񣬶ࡣ
Ǵ
ԭλǰҵеɱ¾Դ֮ѹָղôֲ׽ٽ٣ǴҶлȻæɱ¾ıԴ֮
һ̣Ҷһľ֮У·ɱ¾ıԴ֮У嫵ɱ¾Ķˡ
嫵ɱ¾򳤺֮УȻֻһСˮΣСĲСˡ
Ƿһ˿ƤëҳͬʥǿߣҲֻһ㣬¾ǿߣҲȫɡҶˡ
ʹӶ˷Ŀֲʶɱ¾ıԴ׷ĺ嫡
Ҷ쳹׳ľ֮УоԼ鶼Լɱ¾⣬Ҳﵽһ޷ĳ̶ȡ
ʱ䵽ˣ
ͻȻһҶʵ
һ̣ҶоԼڲСǿյݴ½ٵ֮أȻָɽųǣ
䣡
ҶԺһı建۾ֻһһεĽɫâ֣Ȼգ֣ʧ
ǰҶʱؽе
ȻûлӦλǰһ˿л꣬Ҳؼ䡣
Ҷģȴһͨ񾳽֮·
Ҷ칧͹Ҷ۵عͷ
λǰһԣ˽ҶܵؽǳĹذҲǰ
ǰģֻҪҶһ죬һƴػݴ½Ҷָ췢ġ
λǰȥǿյĿģⲻֹΪɱ¾ԴҲǿʬ壬ܵݴ½ҪԵΣ
ȻҶʱ֪ΣԺδףһ죬ҪΣ


647 ֮
ţô
ô£
Һʲô

Ҷݹλǰ֮󣬵ڵϵ߸꿡ҲѹЩԺؿܡ
أͻȻһ꿡ܾ
һȫ˼ؿԨӴȻʧˡ
ҪչأһҶɨһۣȻϥ£۾
߸꿡ܾʮֺ棬ǳηҶ죬ǻҶӴˣиӺˣæȥҶ커
Ҷϥ֮󣬱Ҳ˲æ֮ǰɱ¾Դ
һεĻʵ̫ˣҶ̲סǿɱ¾Դҿ϶Ҫ߿һΣôϾܽʥ
ҪʥһΣôΪʥ߽кܴĻᡣ
֮Ȼ޴ڣǿǸ޾գҶλǰ͵Դȥۿ
ͺñȿԵʱ򣬸Ҷο𰸣ֻҪҶݲο𰸣ѽдˡ
Ȼɺѣȴ֮ǰѣǰҶ֪ʲôǷ򣬵ȴѾ֪Լ·ôˡ
λǰָһȷķ
ʱɱ¾⣬ȻλǰҲҵ츳ڡɱ¾ǿҹۿɱ¾Դɱ¾Ϊʥ񡣡
Ҷ찵뵽
ʵϣļк֣ܶһַܳΪ
ʺԼķ򣬿϶°빦
ҶλǰĿģԼۿɱ¾λǰѾ˷ĴţԼɼҲ׷֮·ˡ
Ȼ̫֮ˣҶǻۣһʱҲ⻹ɱ¾ԴҪȵ۾磬𾳽磬
÷˵Ļ˵һ۹ķɣ۹ķԷԼάֹȶӶٷչûзɵĻһңñĵ۹Լˡ
ɴ˿ɼɵҪ
򣬱صķɣԼһ֮ڣҪ
νܣʵ˵ǡ񡯴ģ˷÷Ӷӵвʵ
ҶжʱһЩ񾳽磬ȷѾƵǡˡ
Ҷ֪Ҳûȫ͸һļ򣬷ĻղλǰҲͲܵǴˡ
ļ֮ϣиǿ򡢶һ򡭡Ҷ˿֮ܵĺ嫡
ѹֵһʶ˵纣Ҳֻǵõеһˮѡ
ֻǵõһСˮΣʲôõһˮ𣿡Ҷ첻Ц֪ԼҪߵ·кܳ
գҶоɱ¾
ʲôɱ¾
ֳֵɱһͷޣɱ¾
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ɱһͷޣǰͷ޵ȨɱҲˡ
ɱ¾ȥɱĳǰӵеһȨ
ᡭ
ҶжʱӦɱ¾ĵһ֪ԼҰĲ̫˰֮󣬾ϲ
һַǳµսʱ򣬿԰ԷԪΧһգôֱ

Ҷɱ¾ʱ򣬶߸꿡ѣÿ˵ϣһ˿ǳ;
˵Ҷôˣƺܵͬľһ꿡ܳ⣬˵
֪ܾһ䣬ʱӦ÷ʲôһ꿡üܹ֮صĵȻǼ򵥵츳ǻ۶ԶͬȻһμĿհס
ǰɣҶѵܰǵļ䣿һ꿡Ŵͣŵ
Ӧòܣǲֶ֪ΰɣʵôǿǰȻû˵
ǿðղűչôͻƣҪܹﵽʵ˵ܳ˵ء
һ£Ȼô̾Ϣ
ҲֻܽϣҶˡ
ʱһţת۾ˣ֮ص꿡ǣЩõʵЩɱˣ˹»Ұ
ֻҪһس֣ͻһȺӿȥȻɱ¾ᣬֻٲ˵صõ󲿷Ҫôֶ飬Ҫô֮С
һֲп̭ܹ꿡ܣûеõҲǾӢеľӢ
ȻһʱҶ޹أȻ޵׶Ĺų֮С
û뵽ɱ¾һҶôãһֻǵõһ˿Ƥë֮·̫ˡ
ڣµҶ죬۾
Ȼ̾Ҷȴϲɫ֤һαչصջܴ
˵ˣұϾߵһЩǣʾ磬۾磬ߵһѾǺܶࡣҶЦݡ
ܶΪʲôûнʥ
츳Խʥǵʱ䲻ˣǲ𾳽Ȼܽʥ
ʱ䣬Ǿ츳һ㣬һʥġ
ڣҶѾǰ·ʡʱ䣬ټ츳ôʥͻ˳ˡ
ȻҪǣµĲҶһµĵ֮
п԰˵ķֻеû֮赲ҶĹ
ߣ˵ĻҲᱻһɱϾ˭뵽һССʣȻѾڲءҶ찵뵽
һ֮أ͵Ѿˣˡ
ңλǰսɢʱҲһ˿ԴҶꡣڣҶڵ꣬Ѿɫˣǽɫˡ
ֻսǽɫģҲӦòս꣬ȴѾɫǿˡҶ찵ɻҲ֪Լڵ꣬ʲô
գҶΪʵһ֣һ˿սΪһʡ
Ѿˣ뿪ʱˡҶվԶɱ¶һĨŵЦݡ
˰֮Ҷڳ˵أ˺ܴš
֮ǰǵɫӲֵܹסң˰֮һնɱˡҶŵЦ
߳߸꿡ܶʱվһϣؿ
ҶЦЦ߰ɣ뿪ǸҾˡ
߸꿡ܶʱϲҲЩɵҶ֣а𣿡
ҶͷҲûأֻǵ˵һ仰ң
˵գҶֱš
߸꿡ܶʱԥظ棬Ͼǲǰ׳գʱҲòҶˡ
뿪˵ϣ


648 ɫħ

ų⣬ôű˻һɫһγһźɫ籩ڰŰ
Ҷǽϵ߸꿡ܣɫ׵ؿһĻг˾͵ǡ
Ǹˣ˱ҡҶɨһ·ôһֱ˳ǽ
߸꿡һ˿ɣǶһۣҧҧҲȥ
ɱ
ҶʱΧЩôʱ·ŵѪζһѪ죬ҶΧɱ
֮򣡡
Ҷһֱӷų׵磬ʱΧһЩ͵ȼ÷顣
Щɫú͵ɫãȻ֮򣬳Ҷɱ
߸ɫãһ꿡ֵܾؽеҰס
꿡ܣҲɫһףһг˾֮ɫ
ߣҶη壬ֱӭȥеĴ۵һ̱ѤĹâԼԼһ˿Ѫɫ˺գڴ۵档
ɱһߵɫöסҶ죬еĳǹҶؿڴһɰϢ
Ҷ߸꿡ܣһ̸оȫɫãԲܹԸ
ѵǾҪ𣿡߸꿡ܲЦ
ˣҶһ䣬弫ٱ֮䣬һǾߵɫϡ
ûõģʥǿߵĹͷ顣һ꿡ܾҡҡͷ·Ѿȴ١
һ̣ȴȫɴ۾
ΪǾ߱ҶеĵɫãȻͬһһ룬ը˿
ʲô߸꿡ܵɴ۾š
ڷʲôҶһȥһͽΧɱʮɫ÷顣
߸꿡жʱϣĹâһҶ
Ҷһһͬһֱ̣Ӵô֮У֮ûһÿԵֵǵɫãҲҶһɱ
߸꿡ѾױˣɱɱѾ֪Ҷʵ׵һˣҲ˰ɡ
ʵǲ֪ҶڵʵûӶ٣Ҫǰ֮ɫ÷˺ܶ࣬ʹһɱԷ
Ƿ̫֮ǿˣҽһ˿ƤëȻôҶһɱųãһ߼˷ܲѡ
ЩΪʲôˣЩʥһУӵŻصˡ
άģƿ˷ô֮ǻء
ѹЩҫ۵ţҲԽնɱʥӲԽնɱԽǸߵľ磬Խ̫ˡҶһ˿
һһ˿֮Ȼͱ˵ӡ쵶ӡҪ¡
ϧֻһ˿ƤëԳʱսüӿٶˡҶҡͷһ̾漴ӿٶȣ޵׶ڡ
߸꿡ܽ󣬿һ߾Ҷ쵶µãгϣ
ɱ
ҶٻӵоԼƿصһ˿֮ľˣвɵЩˣ˶ȫˡ
¡¡ŸɫС磬貵Ĺâ̫ͬҶܣ߸꿡ҲΧС
⡭
찡
߸꿡ȫˡ
Ҷûǣ˵һʣµһ˿֮˵ӡϣһ񵶣޵׶ڡ
߸꿡ȻҲ֪˹ؼʱ̣æȫҶ
ЩôȫҶһ˺ѣȫǰ޵׶ڡ
һǧɣɣɣһɣʮɡ
žԽԽ˵۾ҲԽԽȻΧôҲԽԽ࣬ʮɫóǧɫɱ
ҶȻͣסӣ߸꿡ܴߣ
߸꿡û뵽ҶǶ·Щ˼飬ЩжҲԥͳ򶴿ڡ
߸꿡뿪֮Ҷڷ˴Уۿλǰ֮һ˿С
䣡
ҶһȭǰԶһŸߴıǽȻ𣬽Щôȫסˡ
Щôĳײ֮ҲҶһѪһ֮ԿôǵһɱȻܵصķɡ
ҶûֹͣһߺˣһǿʩչУֱ˵޵׶ڣա
Ҷ֣
Ҷ֣
߸꿡ܾȻڶڵȴţҶʱϲѡ
ҶҪ˵ͻȻоһ˿־Ϣû˵ʲô޵׶ҡ
á뿪˵أҶɫ䣬оԼ٣ɿֲϢϤĸо
Һʲôһ꿡ЩԺ
ϢϤ꿡ܣҲЩɻ
ϻ˵Ҷֱֱȥ߸꿡Ҳٶԣ
¡¡޵׶ԽԽҡˣʯ£·ҪҶڴˡ
ϢҶʱ뵽ϢΪʲôôϤˣϢλǰϸܵһȻͬȴһĺ嫡ֲǿϢ
ѵ滹һ񣿡
ܣĻˣôᱻ
Ҷҡҡͷסеľٳȥ
ڣǿһ˿Ƕڵ̫⡣
ҿǰ죡Ҷ찵ҲѣҪϵĻЩ޾Ԫ棬ǿǰ·ˡ
ৣ
˵Ӱһֱߣ޵׶гһƬõĳ磬ղ
ӳˣ
߸꿡£һον
ҶȴǸӦʲôͷȥʱǰһĻˡ
ֻӴָɽϣʯ£¶һֻ޴ĺɫħ֣ɢſֲϢ֮ضڲ
ʲô߸꿡Ҳֻ֣ŵ뾪
ܣҶһг˽ֻ֪һֻƣû뵽Ȼǡ
ȻӡһλǿߣһǱʬˣ̫ˡҶӳԶ𾪵ؿָɽķ
ʱֻɫħ֣Ѿ˺˷֮صգ޾ĺڰա
ǼСһﻹǣͻȻһϵҶ̫ͬŴһ㣬Զ
һ̣Ҷ쿴һֻɫĴֻ֣ɫħѹȥ
ɫħƺӦʲôвŨħ񷶼Ⱦ˺ɫµħ޼ɵغƵ
һֻ飬Ҳ뱾ʥ⣬㻹浱𣿡һЦգֻɫĴ֣ħɫħѹڷ֮صĴϡ
ʱһӿȵָɽΪģ˷Ƶ
áҶ۾һɣæתܣǿֲ˷Ĵɽɭֵȵȣȫݻˡ
ۣҶ챻ನУ͵һѪһɽѹ棬忪ɽ˳ȥ
ನȻڳ˷Ƶ֮ض𶯡


649 һ
һɽϣվһӰҶ졣
̫ǿˣôԶನôֲҶؿָɽķѾָƽһɺƴֲϢ˲ҽӽ
ղӦԺһλʥҶ쿴ʧеĽɫ֣뵽
ʱ֮е꿡ǣҲɺƴĲΪʲôԳָɽķ
Ҷᣬһȥλǰ֮أ֪̫ɽͶʲô
Ҳ֪λݵܵôˣзǳż԰ռеӡ󣬼ٸȥ
һɽǳߴ󣬱ָɽҪΰ
ҶͿƶɽһɽ
ϧѾȥˣ̫ɽͶƲܻͣǵطҶ˸ա
ڸ߿УҶüͷ壬֮˵󲻴˵СҲСҪˣʵ̫ˡ
ңûгǳأû취˴
ţȻҶһĨȻ΢΢һЦѸϢһزݴ֮С
ʱ򣬴ӲԶӰϸһһˣȻƷɣһ꿡Ҷ첻ʶ
û뵽·㲻ߣ㴳Ҷ쿴ƷɣʱЦ
׼Ҫʱ洫ƷɵĲһ´ᱦأһݡ
л֡Ա˶ʱм
ˣС¶ѣҵǺ棬ôСӵģƷЦʵ
˵СԼ׳ա֪ܲСӵҶ䣬һ֪϶ҵˣû뵽汻Ҳ¶ˡЦ
ǵȻСӺҶǽֵܣȻҶ䣬ϧСʵҾȻðճѪħߣǹһ񡣡Ʒҡͷ̾Ϣ
ֲźһ˵СҲֻҪ֪ͨʵȻԽѪħסСӡ˰ο
ǰڵʵ
ԽԽСƷɺ˵ӰҲСʧС
ҶӲݴ˳ңңƷȥķüͷ塣
һˣѵһҶɻƷɵĻʱ׼Ʒһ
Ϊǵ̸֮УҶ֪̫ɽǶƣܱѪħߵС
Ҷȡ޵׶Щ꿡϶ȡĵͼԼۿ֮أܿҵѪħߵڡ
Ѫħ߾ﵹǲԶʱܸϵõ
ߣƷȥ֪ͨһÿҽһ򾡣һһû뵽һûȥ㣬㾹ڷ֮ͨңѰ·ҶһЦѪħߵķȥ
ӸղƷɺ˵̸ҶѾµһڷ֮齨һһ˵һȻͨǵֵܣʵǿˡ
ƷɣǲݾߣһԼʡ鷳
⣬ҶҲŽ̫ɽͶƵİȫϾѪħһյأҪǽ̫ɽĻãҪǶƵĻΣվʹˡ
ϾƵʵһЩ
뵽ҶԽȫٶǰڵʱ̣ϵѪħߡ
Ҷû뵽ѪħﾹȻۼ˲ˣһȥѹѹһƬ꿡ܡ
Ȼڽ֮صİ꿡ܣ˿Ҳࡣ
ҶȺУѪħȥΪѪħһɽǰһƬƽԭɽһ޴ӣ磬ħƵһƬڡ
ѪħߣҶЩȣѪħ߾Ȼһӣͷųȥȴһа赲סԼ̽ӡ
Ҷֱ϶Σգ뵽̫ɽ߶ƿˣһ󽹼
΢΢Ƴ˲ԶһٶۼһӰҶɫһΪһ˴ţšһˡɫĴ֡

Ҷ쵱ŭˡ
˵Ѿһ˽޹˵ȣ뿪һһ˵꿡ܣȻغȵ
ԣһٶ꿡ܣҲڣһֺӡ
Χ꿡ܣȻû˸˵·һ˷ǳη
Ҷ΢΢ԾʲôʱһˣҲ˰ɡ
Ҷɻ֮ʣΧȺ𰸡
ߣƵļһ
꣬С˭֪һΨһ磬ʵֱ׷ߣôѧһ齨
ã˵ʵҲǺǿû뵽õһأɵΨһ磬ʵ
ߣΨһ磬δر

Χ꿡ǵ̸
Ҷһһ˿ȣû뵽һȻΨһ磬ѹֶԷֵͨܣ˷ҪնɱһЩ鷳ˡ
Ѿһ˿֮һˣԳûնɱҶȻ뵽֮ĵƣҪõúãҲԿϾǷ֮
գҶ΢΢Ƭ̣ͳŲԶѪħȥ
ܲɱһҪȾȳѪħߵֵܡ
ι˵أСûҵĻ𣿸Ͻûһ˵˭̤ѪħΧɡһһ˵꿡ܿҶɫʱһغȵ
ΧǳԾû뵽Ȼվսһˣ²ɵúؿҶ졣
Ҷ첻мƳǸһ˵꿡һۣѪħ߷ȥе˵һˣʲôǼԺ𣿻Ƿݣ
ԣʱЦãԺݣһˣųƷ֮ʮ֮һȻ˼ԺͷݣҪһ֪ҪѪ
һٶһ˵꿡ܣʱԴŭһҶ죬ɱ
Сӣҿǻòͷ˰ɣһˣ浱˰Ǹ꿡ɭһЦֱȡһǹҶɱ
Сӣ˸㣬ҽ񣬼ǵȥ𱨴˴ү֡ɭȻһЦԼһǹģϾܹ֮أʵȻ
ȻҶָôסĳǹǹǿ·ຣʧӰ١
񱻾õɴ۾ţ⡭ôܣ㡭
ΧһĻˣҲɴ۾ȻڳкܶſԴ񣬵ָֻͻĹûжõ
ˣԭһǿߣ
ʵ治
ȺУһЩصǿߣоһһ˿֮ɫ
Զһٶһ˵꿡ܣɫ䣬Ϊ׵ˣͫһҶĿ⣬ʱء
ʵ𣿿һҲôһɡҶһЦ˫ָһʱǸ˳ǹϣһҵĵâӶǹ汬ɱȥ
ס֣
Сģ
һ˵˶ʱŭȡ
ȻѾˣֻоһɭɭĵâԼؿ룬ȻͿԼűпһ޴ĿӣеҲʧȥϢ


650 Ѫħ
ĲѪħΧ˶ʱһû뵽Ҷɱ֣ǳװһ˵ˡ
һٶһ˵꿡ܣʱһгɱ⣬ԴǼһˣһû˸Ҷ㲻Ƿ
Сӣסû𣿡Ϊ׵Ǹһǿߣһ̤Ƴ죬ݵضҶ졣
Ȼһ˵ĸ߲㣬ʵ꿡ǿܶ࣬Χ˿϶һ˿⡣
źҪˡ
źһ˵ʮ֮һʵС֪˭Ӯ
Ӧźգ˵һ˵ʮ۹һš
Ⱥۡ
Ҷ챳˫֣ɨһۣмһֻ
Ⱥۣ֪áֻźգⲻŰźյ
ڳ꿡ܶǼ򵥵˲ҶĳʱЦ
Χ˵ĳЦźˣŭһС
˵գһȭͺҶ죬ȭƵһգõⷽض
Ҷ΢΢ȣ˵ʵȻǵ۶ܲεģţȻԸһò˵һЩֶΡ
ȻȣҶȴû飬ƴĵâ˺գնźա
źͫһֱһ̣ܵҶ쵶âķǹɺ뵶⣬һţԲη壬һȭӭȥ
Ѱ·Ҷ쿴һĻһ˿ЦһﾹӲƴĵâֱ
һҶѾ渳˰֮˵źе۶ܵʵһҲҪԿ
ȻźȭͷеâʱȻоԼȭͷϵһɢȻһƥĵȭͷֱۣҼڡ
ôܣźɫ䣬ĿһݣƴԼֻ첲նϣѪȾ˲񷡣
˾źΪԲʱǱźտȥĶϱۣȻһɳҵĵâбը
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ʲôһ˵ˣһһ˵꿡Զʱŭȵ
Ҷ۾һУﺮⱬһ̤գȵɱˡδ䣬Ѿ嵽˸ǰʩչսʤȭһȭѹ¡
ܵɿֲղ˵ˣʱ
һ֣źҲ岻ѣæһٶ꿡һ֣ȫӭҶ졣
˭ҵҵ·ҶƳ죬һͷͻɱȺһȭɨʮɫڰС
¡¡һٶ꿡֣ȻҶһȭɳȥһѪϢήңɫҰס
̫ǿˣȺȻ
ʵɲ⣬¾ȲһҲˡ
һߵˣûһԳ֣ʮҲá
𾪲ѣ۷׷ס
ҶʩչսʤȭֻһֿݣǾǡ񡱣ȭƥ޼ɵ·ûκζ赲ħҲҪһȭ
һ˵һٶ꿡ԽսԽ֣ô֣ȻҶѹ·磬Ҷ쿴·ûʩչȫһ
ûãмһ˵˱Ҷˣʣµ˸ǵˣһˣҲҶӲƴˡ
źҲˣס֣ԸѪħߡ
µƱˣҲֻðҶѪħˣϾȥлᣬȥͱɡ
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ҶƵöһۣܵ裬Ȼ޼Ҷ졣
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źһû뵽ҶҲ׼ý̫ɽʵĻҲûˡֻʱ䣬кһЩһ˵˷Ѫħߡ
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Էһ˵ˣУȻĴ
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ⲻһжѪɫģºˮѪɫģͬ˵ѪҺ
ҶΧľзǳ棬Ѫħ߾ȻģҲ֪ΪʲôһжѪɫģѵǱѪȾɫ
˼ǰһϣҶһ۾Ϳһɫ½鲽ͳ˹ȥȡ
ǶܵģǶܣãʵʱӦû¡Ҷϵ½ǣܾϲɫ·Լϲɫǳۣϲɫĳۡ
֪ǽ̫ɽ֮Ҷ찵˿̫ɽʵͲ£϶ǿӦòôȥ
£ҶЩһ˵ˣΧ̽
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ҶԼҲΧѰ֮صյضѹֻ۾ȥѰңòԶ֡
Ҷȴں棬·סһ˵޷ûӳȥ

ͻȻɭдҽҶüͷһ塣
Ҷ췴Ӧвҽ𣬶ҽϣ·˶ΣƵġ
ô£Ҷ쿴źմżʮһ˵˸ʵ
źɫѿлž֮ɫһ£Ųǰиɽһ˽ȥ鿴һûӳ
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һ꿡ܣʱҲɷףôֵܣһӲȴ˶ʵ̫ˡ
ҹȥҶиһ˿أȵ


651 춴
ݺύѪɫ֮䣬һɭɭɽ·һͷ޵ѪڣΧĹ
Ҷ쾲ؿɽȻûиӦһ˿ΣյϢЩԾ
Ҫ֪޵׶͸ԼԼΣգﾹȻһΣյĸоûУЩԾ
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ǰӦΣգ϶һ˽ȥ̽һ£⡣
ܹ֮صĶţǵԷǳţû뵽ȴ˴ͷ
ҶʱӦΣգ˵ҪôûΣգҪôΣպܴ
Щһ˵ĲҽҶ϶ˣһǳΣա
ҡǻ뿪ɣһԵźգҶɽҶԼȥ
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ǡҶĿһָһָǵѪʱƮɢһɵѹ
ǶܵѪҶɫһ䣬תͷɽʱ
˵Ѿµˣܱһ˵׷ɱӽѪħߣ󿴵ɽȥˡ
ܡҶ쿴ɽĿ˸ϡ
̫ɽȻѾȥˣпˣҲпûϾûпʬ壬ʲôпܡ
ȻЩһ˵˵ĲҽҲ֤ΣգҪҪȥ
Ҷֻ΢΢ԥһ£Ͼȥ̫ܽɽûУҪôԵ𵱳ֵһ𷢵ԣ
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ҶضźգйâһһѽɫĳɢųҵĹâˡ
źͫһû뵽ҶĸϽȥ϶ʱ˾֣ŭԼȥҲһ
ʣµļʮһ꿡ҲҶŭĿӣһƱʱ׼ˡ
ҪôȥҪôھҶȻ˵ͻȻ貵Ľ⣬ŸɫС磬ܵն
һ̣źյ˶о޷־ŭæճ忪˽
ǿΧŸ貵Ľɫ磬źյȫˣǰӲӵҶ죬Ƿ·𿴵սһ᲻һ˿ս⡣
ֱһ̣ǲ֪ԼҶĲжô
Ψһ磬һǾŸҲֻһΨһѡźĵ׳˾֣ҶĿ˾η
һΨһ磬ͬǽɫģͬԽգȻҶҪǿһЩҶоŸ
ʣµһ꿡ҲڿŸɫ֮󣬶ʱҶĿ£һйˡ
ͬĻҲ˵ڶ飡Ҷؿźգ̧۵ָɽ
źɫݺݵصһҶ죬ҧҧԸһ˵ǰ̽ȥʣµ˸ں档
ҶǱһξ룬
һƬǶǿߣԿ
ɽСĵǰȥƬ̣㿴һ˿Ȼǳڡ
ҶЩ棬ѵж죿źյ˼ǰ
źоŭҶ֮£ֻܹԹǰ̽ȥ
ڴʱһȻǹĵطĵӣɢҵɱضźյˡ
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Ҷȴۼ⣬һ޴ͷǳĴһԴһСɽһϵۼѪɫģǳ죬ֻɫġ
𣡡ɫߺܿͷ˹ȻӴ󣬵ٶȴǳ죬һ˵˾ʱѾ˹ҵ
ǰһ꿡æ֣ǵĹ˲˺ɫߣϵۼ׵סˣǼֵһ꿡Ҳ븹С
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źҪʱһɭȻĵӺ󷽴˵ĺëˡ
ɱͷҶ˵еĴ۵ֱָźյĺ󱳡
źҧҧתźɫɱȥȻ£УҶӵĿ¡Ҷס·ҪҷˮǾͻܵҶͺɫߵǰйɡ
£ʮһ˵һֲ֣ӿķʹɽ𶯣ȴûе
ⶴھȻ˼ӲҶ쾪֮£漴һԱߵĶڣһð𣬶ȱһۼûС
ôܣҶʱɴ۾һ˵˺ͺɫߵսùۿ
Ҫ֪Ĵ۵һǿĵҾһҲɱǿˣȻڶһۼûС
ⶴڵļӲԶҶ
ҵҪⶴʲôģҶ΢΢һٴ۵Ŷһһεâӵҫˡ
ȻҶֻоһǿ㽫ĻϣʹһѪӿ̲ס˼
⡭Ҷ۾ŶڣѾˣղһѾһˣȻ޷ڶһۼ
ţȫҲõ
԰֮ҶȻ۾һһָ򶴱ڣһ˿֮ŶŶ̽ȥ
ʱһǿӶ淴һ˿֮Ҷָ׼Ҷڡ
ãҶɫ䣬û˿ԥһָǶϵָڰбըɳȥ
һĻ˵Ϥ
ǰҶѪħشźգʹöԷĶϱ۱飬ԼҲָ
Ҷӵв֮ܿͻָָȴ𾪵ķ
ղǷ֮ⶴھȻ̺˷֮⵽ʲôҶ˼飬ʵ̫ˡ
ⶴ˼Ӳ˵Ȼ̺˷֮
Ҷ𾪣Ǻ棬֪ⶴڵʲôġ
ȻڴʱǰһϤȺһĹӣĳȫ죬Һݺݵɱɱǡ
ţǶܵҶ̧ͷϲؿǰֻͷɫߵıϣһϤӰǽ̫ɽ
ʱɫߵһɱ¾һ˵ҲֻʣʮˣҶˣźնˡ
ɫߵʵȻ˿ֲºûΨһ֮ǰһˡ
Ҷ΢΢ȣûж룬Ǹ˵شȵܣҡ
ǰȻ򶷼ңҶȻѹһУںɫ߱ϵĽ̫ɽ͵̧ͷŵؿ˹漴г˾ϲ
磡
̫ɽû뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼʱ˷ܡ
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㡭ܵɭ䵶âźնʱ󾪣ͷһȴҶɱʱ˵
ǵ±ӱͶһҶЦ
죬ɱ̫ɽһӾˣ߶µĺɫߣźյɱȥ
źյ˱ͲǺɫߵĶ֣ټҶ֣Ƭ̾ͱնɱˡ


652 
ɽ棬һ޴ѪأˮɺѪðԵޱ졣
ʮͷɫѪ泩Σ˻𲻶ϣò
Ҷͽ̫ɽһԵľʯϣһ߿Щɫߣһ̸߽
磬ôҵģ̫ɽʵҶ쵽ǳ
ҶЦ·Ʒɣ׷ɱϢˡ
̫ɽһæʵ磬ûɱƷɣ
ûУҷȥһˣٹãһҪˣÿԽһ򾡡ҶЦ
̫ɽһ㶣漴ǵ磬˵һΨһ磬ʵֱ׷ߣаջţҪɱƵȴ벽۾С
ٺ٣һлѵҾû𣿷ģʮһҲаջɱҶŵ˵
а֮ƣӰһ֮£϶ɡ
ʵϣһΨһ磬һµһͷǲɱġ
ңһҲ벻ҶѾ֮ˣϾ˵ȥ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪𼶱ǿߣҲſʼ֮Ҷڲʾѡ
ŶôţҾͷˡ̫ɽ΢΢һЦ漴˵磬Ҳ˻ʵܴ󣬹Ƹ۶ܲˡ
ѾˣôշͷɫߡҶЦȻó̫ɽΪӵЩȡ
Ҫ֪̫ɽǰ͵۶ܲ˺ܴľ룬翭磬û뵽һӿԽôֱ̥࣬ˡ
̫ɽЦ磬Щ߽ѪǿɲշģΪ˻ǰҵԼˡ
ѪЩǾȻǴ˵еĳѪҶʱ𾪵վ˼飬ƺʲôֻ۾ǰѪء
Ѫѵǡ
Ҷһ˿
̫ɽЦ¶ˡѪֻͨߣȴһֿµ֮ѪӶΪǿĳѪ
Ѫ֮ѪҶȻҲ²ģȴɻ󣬱ϾѪҺ˿ֲѹҪ֮Ѫ޷ˣҲֻгѪܽӽ
ңҶ֪֮Ѫǽɫģʥ֮Ѫɫġ
ӱ˵Ѿ˵ѪҺѪҺˡ
ǰѪҺǺɫġ
̫ɽҡҡͷȷ֮Ѫϧ£ԾѾˣΪ֮ƾʲôӵôŨңЩѪһﷱܣյĶѪҺеԾЩѪҺѾ˻
̫ɽĽͣҶʱȻ뵽޵׶Щʥǿߵʬǣ˵ʥǿߵʬǣǳӲƾǲܴġ
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Ҷ첻òʹ֮Ѫʥ֮Ѫǿˡ
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磬ȻˣϾ֮Ѫʮ죬ǿ࣬ʹӵ˿ȵ۶ܵʵ̫ɽ˵
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̫ɽɵƵӣӵܣȻ˵̫Ҫ֪ӵƾǿ
̫ɽҲԼı̬˾תսҶ죬֮ͬǿģһЩ𶼱Ȳϡ
磬ȥԿһǿһء̫ɽ
ţҶ˵ͷʵ֮ѪҲܺ棬ȻѾ˻ֵزû׼ʲôĶ
£ҶѪ֮УǼʮͷѪʱŭڽ̫ɽ˵ʲô֮ǲŰε
ʱҶ콫ӶûѪУʱܵǳˮ˳ԼϵëףԼա
ȻЩˮ׼ԼֹǣϧЧ΢ֻǿһ㡣
ȻϣЩѪԾŵ̫ˣôѾˣԱӦãԴȥһЩǡҶ찵뵽
漴ҶſС磬һЩˮ
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صµĶڣһ޴ĹܵȫѪʹѪĳˮòꡣ
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ҶԸӺˣ˵طǹ죬ô֮Ѫôģ
˰֮ѪһطȻЩܵͰɡ̫ɽ˵
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˻λҲôġ̫ɽʱεͷ
ͻȻ̫ɽƺʲôɵʵ磬Һܺ棬ʥǿ߶һѪΪʲôλǰôѪҺûиأ
ѪܹҪսģλǰսҲˣǱ˷ӡˣԲŸˡҶ˵
ˣз֮أѲλս껹ıӡڴ˵أ̫ɽʱ档
ҲİɣϾսѱɱֻǱӡˣҲڻšҶҡҡͷЩܿɲʸ֪ġ
磬ܾطһ̫ɽȻص˵
ҶһۣѲǰطʲô
ꡣ̫ɽɫŹֵ˵
ꣿҶɴ۾
ǰϸһ£ǴӸ߿ոѪħߣѪħ߿ǲЩ˵Ķۣ̫ɽЦ
ţе񡣡ҶԻһ£ɵþȵ
ȵȣȻҶ뵽֮ǰǼӲĶڣŽ̫ɽ
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һͷˣû뵽Ȼ壬ѹôӲ̫ɽ۾磬˵ǲǰȥҪǴǾ
Ȳ˵ȥȥ˭һʥԻٻ塣ҶԿЦʵѾһָףҲûб½찡
ϧˡ̫ɽ̾˿ź


653 սһ
ͨ۲Ͳ²⣬ҶѾ״˵λĶӣѪеܵʵѪܡ
뵽ָɽֻɫħ֣ҶȷλǱʬѹˣ;ÿ£һλǿ񣬾Ȼʬˡ
ϧˣôõϣȻû취ߡ̫ɽ̾Ϣ
ҶЦ˵ҵҵõһָףа취죬׼һ
ģ̫ɽ𾪣û뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼһָס
ˣҲ뿪ˣҺܺ棬˵յҲûʲôΣհҶЦ
ǰյأΪʱѪԾŲ࣬ĳѪǳǿ󣬽˶ɱˣӶŵû˸ҽڣЩѪԾ̫ˣĳѪǿҲͿȵ۶ܣȻûжΣա̫ɽ˵
ҶԻȻѹյЩʵҲʲô˶ҽģϾӵпȵ۶ʵ꿡Ҳ١
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ѪħϿգһ˫֣Ȼظ·гŵĹâǿƣ޷ԶԵøĲ
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⣬Զм˾ۼһһ˾Ŵ죬šһˡ֡
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һҲ۾һУ֪Ҷǿû뵽ôǿѹֵսܡڵѾΨһ磬ſһսοҶ졣
ߵ·ע֮·ҾʶһΨһ磬ĲԩһЦһһɫıɢ޾Ľɫâͬһ貵̫
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ƷɣΪûзҾҪ㵱Ҿֻèٺ٣̫ɽ͵һתͷסȺеƷɣЦ
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Ҷ϶һ˼ʱʩչ֮ƣΪıһ


655 ˭ҲȲ
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Χ֮˭Ҳ벻ҶҶλѧԺĵʦ֡


656 ׷ɱ
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ҶûһǶһ˵𾴣ĵˣ裬ֻнɱ
̫ɽ˿ҲһǸұ֤һһƷǸͽ
һûٿ̫ɽһۣеĹ⽣֮ϣͬһ貵ǣеҶ졣
Ҷ죬ɸһսһĪĴڳ˶˼
ʱҶֻҪŬؾˣϾǿķ㹻ʱӺܾãʱѪľһȻͻ
Ҷȴûôѡ˵һһս
кβңҶ񵶣âɣ졣
Ϊȼ˾Ѫһʵﵽһֲĵز㶯˰֮Ҷ춼·磬ûãȾѪɫһƬҡ
Ȼֻ˿ʵҶӵв֮Ѿƻָ˴룬սȻ١
ʱ֮һϵԽԽֵĹҲԽԽ֪ľѪľˡ
ȻʱһȴͻȻ̧ͷҶ죬һأôʹˣҪһ֮¡
ҳȫ㣡ҶĮ˵ȻһһĵһѪɫͬһѪһ塣
䣡
һʱһڵ걻ըƬӣȴҶ죺⡭ǡʲô
һ˿ɱ¾򡪡ᣬһǰ֮Ҷ촫һ˿ԣʱ뱻˵֪
һԣ˫âʱǣضҶ죬𾪣Ҫ˵Щʲô꽥ɢʧȥϢ
ڱԼɱһҶȴûһ˿ˣֻһ̾ȻͽһʬѪħУյ֮¡
磬û°ɣ̫ɽһѪҶ죬Щǵʵ
ҶЦҡҡͷұͷǿв֮Ҳɱңοֻһ
ʵȷˣǺأֻҪͻָˡ

ѪħѾɢȥǵɢȥһսϢҲ֮أʱҶĴʹķ
˵ҶʵѾз֮ǰʮǿˣҲ˲ǰʮ塣һЩǿ꿡ĴѰҶ䣬ҪսԷӶ
Щ׼ѧԺ꿡ҲѰҶ죬ΪֻҪɱҶ죬ǾܽѧԺܵõһλѧԺʦĺøС
Ȼ󲿷꿡ܶǽģ֪ҶǳǿҪɱҲҪһЩǿһ֣Բһ˶֡
ʱҶѾͽ̫ɽ뿪ѪħߣʼĴѰҶơ
û߶Զͱʮǿ꿡סˣЩ꿡ʵҲƷɣǿ򿰱ûΨһǰһȽ̫ɽҪǿࡣ
Ҷ죿ܺã̤ЬٴȫѹɣΪ׵ĻһһƺǹⱬҶͽ̫ɽһûˡ
ϴ֣Ҷɡ
˵Ҷǿޱȣҿҥ󴫵ģǰһЩҶ˭֮ǰ˭֪Ҳûжʵ
ٺ٣ҥһĸҲͱÿˡ
ǰҶ˵ˣҶ춼ҪˣҥԴҲ̫ˡ

ʮ꿡ܲûж֣һϷ̬Ŀг˲м֮ɫ
ڴʱһĵ棬ֱӴ͸˻ؿڣҵĵâ˶ըѿˡ
ɺѪҺʱЩ꿡ܵϣǵɴ۾š


657 Ƴ
ϡϴ󣡡
Ż걻ҶһԶʮ꿡ܶʱˣУϴ޵еģԿŽ֮ǰʮȴԷһɱ
ǱŴˣܡ
ͣ
Ҷ۵һŽ߿˵ҲҪѧԺ׷ɱҵģ
һȺ׳գôʵҲ׷ɱҴ磬Ѱ·һԵĽ̫ɽм֮ɫ
ʮ꿡ڲŷӦһŵɫҰףվﶼڷǶһţҲֵôʵҶչֳʵֲ̫ˡ
ǿǵϴɾܻǵϴս޲ʤϴ󡭡ôɱˡ
ͺһҶ챻ɱһ̫ɽͶҲ϶ᱻųġ
ҡǲǡǡǡһ꿡ܱҶסˣ˵Ͱͣš
˵㡣Ҷߵ
˵˵ͷǽͰ͵˵ǡɡġ
˭Ҷüͷû뵽Щ˲Ϊ˼ѧԺ׷ɱġҲȷղǸʵ磬ԿԼѧԺûбҪɱ
磬֪һԵĽ̫ɽæ˵֪֮ǿľߣ֮£һЩߡһˣǶ֮һǶҪˡ
˵գ̫ɽϸһ˿ǣ֪ҶʵþıǶʡ
ԶǿһˣȻֻǴԣɴ˿ɼʵǾǷ֮ǰǿߡ
Ҷ۾һУЦһߵˣȻҳ֣ôҲҪһС
̫ɽһ̲סʵ磬ô죿
Ҫñ֪ҶҲǺǵģһȺ׳Ҳ׷ɱңߡҶһֱһնǰʮ꿡ܶʱҵĵâûѪȾ˲񷡣
Ҷû飬Щ׷ɱĵ˻飬Ҷǰ׳ˡ
̫ɽҲûͬǣ֮ؾҪʵˣڵ³ò˶١
磬֪ߣҴȥ̫ɽ˵
˵ɶȥ
ȥˣ֮ҲȶܶõˣȴⱦԼҪģԾͿʼ˴˽ˡ
ҶնɱЩ꿡ǣõ˲ٱ˵ЩôԽģȻҪġ
֮صɱ¾Ҫ͵Ҹϰȫĵط
ǣһЩʱǳؾ͵ˣЩǳضһЩյԱߣԱҹԪַ
ȻҲʲô˶ʸǳصģҲһǿߣ֮ǰһ㽨һһǡ
ƳǾĳǳأڶʵĶʳ֮µǣȻû˸ƳǶ֣˽Ҳǳȫ
ҶҪȥĵطƳǣ˲ƳǶ֣Ҷ첻ң㶫ʳҲҪȥһ¡
Ƴ˵ǳǳأʵȽϼ㣬ǽûУһЩͨͨʯżһЩʯĹҲܳ
Щ꿡ܳҪȥģȻ˼סڵкܶ࣬ˣߺԵ쳣
һ·ϣҶ쿴꿡Լʯǰŵ̯౦ڽ
ܹ֮صĶͨˣǲȱʯԶֻԸﻻʯ
ҶԱߵ棬дʲôԻʲô
磬ôڴ˽Ʒĵõ˵ĻǶʡ̫ɽһص˵
Ҷ˵ͷǰʲôҪ֣ûܹùҲǽǳصĿġ
ѹ߶շһЩ꿡ܣԭǸЩ飬ĻԼǷʱ̫ɽ
ҲµûĻ϶һЩÿһʱͻȥҶ۾һ⡣
磬٣̫ɽȴҶ˼ʱ˷
ʲô٣˵ôǽ衣裬㶮ģԺΪٻʾˡҶٺЦ
裿磬̫ˣн޻̫ɽӵ
Ҷֱܹȥһ꿡Եʵ֪𣿻ס
Ҷôش䣬һ˲Ŀһ¶ɫ
̫ɽ˷ۣȥٻʵôֱӣһ㶼û
˴һ²ŷӦָָԶһʯ˵ڣ˵ȥ׷ɱһҶǿˡ
𣿶лˡҶõϢתߡ
ףһеϤ˿ҶıӰü
áҶ졣Աߣһڵ̯꿡ܵɴ۾Щŵ˵
Χԣʱˡ
ȥ׷ɱҶˣҶ췴Լˣһָѯ䡣
ôôĪ
һ꿡ܲɵɻ
磬Ǿôֱӹȥ𣿡·ϣ̫ɽƵʵ
Ҷؿһۣɻֱȥȥǰ治ˣõȦ𣿡
̫ɽ˷ۣЦ磬ȥ٣ܹİɡ
ٵĻȻܹҪ͵͵ĲСҶЦ
̫ɽ˿Ҳ֪ءǷˡ
ȥ裬Ҫѵ趫ҲҪ͵͵ⲻѰ𣿡Ҷ˵
̫ɽˡ
ֱʯǰʯǰĸص꿡ܣԱ߻һʯšƵ֣Щơ
˵ȣƵǰ
ʲôˣϽ߿
ŵ꿡ɫĮ䡣
ܹ֮أôҲһţȻ䵽˿ŻδҲ̫û˰ɡҶɨһۣм˵
Χ·ԣʱˣһ·𿴰׳һҶ죬Ǻ֪Ҷôġ
ԱߵĽ̫ɽЦ˲Ҷʱֱ˼˿ˡ
Ȼĸŵ꿡ܶʱͫһࡣ
˵ʲô
СģƵǰôҰ

𣿡
ĸŵ꿡ܳױŭ
Χ˶ҡҡͷǻǵһοô󵨵ˣȻڳЦµˣһ˼Ҵſڡ
ҪôǷӣҪôʵˣòפ
Ҷ쵭˵øȺûĵ˷ϻϿҽȥ֪ͨ˵á
㡭ţŵĸ꿡ܱ׼ֽѵҶˣˡ֣Ӳͣסˡ
һһתʯȥˣҪҶĹˣôȻҳ֡
һԵĽ̫ɽĿɿڴˣǵ˲Ŷ԰ɣҲ̫ܳ˰ɡ


658 ɨ
磬ҾֱӴȥӵĹ󡣡̫ɽŽȥ꿡ܣһֹ
ҶҡҡͷһȻ˵˵ˣǽ裬ôܴȥأҲ̫òˡ
УҪ̫֡ɽƲƲ졣
Ҳȶ֣ǾԲˡҶٺЦ
̫ɽԿЦٶҪվڵƸߵ㣬˵һ˵֪Ҷݣ϶ȶֵģʱҶٷ˳˴Ҳˡ
̫ɽû뵽Լ绹ôڣƽû
ڽ̫ɽз̰֮ʣʯűƿˣһĽ꣬ŸղǸȥ꿡˳
ͷڷɢĿ絶һ۾ͿҶ죬ͱȭ֪λ̨մ
Ҷ졣Ҷ쵭˵
ԣʢ漴Це˵ҶֵȷĹˣ³ȥˣҶֿԸڴס
˵գһ˫ӣҶ졣
ĸŵ꿡ܣڵ֪Ҷ֮һ㶣漴һɫסеĵ
ΧΧ۵·ˣʱҲ𾪲ѣһ
Ҷ쵭ɨһۣ΢΢ЦּȻڣҾס°ɣͷˡ
ԣкһؿҶһۣҶû洫ôףҲͬСɣȻֵ
գǰ·Ҷͽ̫ɽȻ棬һȻ
㣬㻹ܲЦóǰ·Ľ΢΢һԼСˣأҲŷ
ýʯ֮ҶͽɫһʯǰЦ˵λڴס°ɣһ֪ͨҪ˼ǾͿˡ
Ҷɨ˲ԶʯһۣϷŰؿ꣬ЦһΪϾͳأû뵽Ūһ󷨣һῴ
ɱʩչɱλõʵԽǿӳԽǿ󡣡̫ɽһʯݣЦ
ɫһЦΣʶĹԹסȥ֮ǰǲ֡
ҪǲסȥأҶߵ
ǾƲԳԷˡĿһ䣬һʱΧڳһٶӰÿһɢǿϢǿˣǰĽ꣬һɫţʵǳֲ
Щ𣿡ҶЩʧҡҡͷ
ƳҰ·㲻ߣ㴳Ҳɱ󡣡ȵ
ǿ꿡ܶʱ˳ϳһǣҶͽ̫ɽС
ܶʱɱ죬һǿѹý̫ɽͷ󺹣Щܲס
ߣҶһһɫΪʩչΧѹǶս򣬴ԲĶսʤȭ
ȷЩֶΣѹնɱһͫһЩص˵
أҪɱҶſˣôҳҶ쳰
ߣ㲻ǴڵϢŸˣСˣҼöˡΪڣƳҰ𣿽Ҿ޻ءغߵ
𣿡Ҷ컰δ䣬Ѿʧ
ɫһ䣬æٺˣһҵĵâϺХǱĺ⣬𾪡
ֻļ꿡ܣѾڸղһ֮£ÿ죬²Ҳˡ
ӵõͦ졣Ҷٴγ֣ǰԶ΢΢̧һֻƣðųҵĵâҫ۶ֶĿѤޱȡ
־ŭæɱ
նʱɫ䣬ǿںһ𣬻ΪһҶƾˣƥ
ҲţҶ֣һʱʯΧըˡ
ڣ˶ǰҶնɱǸӲȫǳԽ۶ܵǿߡ
һ֣ӽһʵˣҶ΢΢ȣѹֶԷеס
Ҷ쵹Ҳ޾壬Ͼһɱˣѵ⼸һ
Ϊ˿ٽսҶ̾ȫ֣ųŸɫС磬սȻսʤȭɨ˷
ǿɵɱʱƣɫ䣬ŵؿҶ졣
Χ꿡ǣҲȻ𺳲ѡ
Ҷһһȭɨķûһ˿Եֵôǿɱʮȭ֮£Ӳشˡ
ôܣеǿʵֻϿѵһܹ
䣡
ڴʱɱһǿ߸оһʹͫײɵһһɫȭͷݺݵػؿڣؿڶѿˣѪ硣
ʱһǿߣӲرҶǰиӵˡ
Χ꿡ǣһëȻܵǿΧҶ쾹ȻôǿƻɱһˣɵҲ֪˫ʵ̫ˡ
䣡
ûãһ˲Ѫһ
Ҷͬһսһ˫ɫȭͷɨķɱ䣬ûһ˿赲ȫɣƥȭƣһκˣ
ôôǿ궼ˡ
ɱǿߺܿͱҶˣһĵâ˽ؿڣʬ壬ݺݵغ˲Զʯϡ
Χ꿡ȫˣǲɵӣҶˣǺһȼǿߣǼȫȥҲֻ
Ҷεû׷ɱЩܵˣֻҵʯı⣬ͽ̫ɽһɨա
ƳǴʱѾˣҶ쾹ȻѣµļսȫɱҪѪ
磬㿴Ȼʯ飬ⶫҾûв֮ԺҲõȱ첲ˡ
ⶫŰɣԺֵܣв֮ò

һɽУҶͽ̫ɽڲ鿴εջǵΧ˱һҫˡ
ܹռ׸ʵıƷеƷ
Ҷ춼ҵ˲ٺöȻʱ޷ʵǵ۾֮ȴкܴô
ңЩﶼֵ뿪˷ܹ֮ȡʯ㹻Ժˡ
˵Īڽ̫ɽ츳ܹڵʵѾǼˡЩȴܼþ̫ʾ磬ѾȲˣѡ

֮һɫ۵ĸߴ꣬ƳϿ̤ٶ£һϢԶ嫣һ񣬸Ӱ˻ġ
Ƴ˾
ˡ˿еǸ꣬жһ˿η֮һ֮ǰʮǿߡ
ܲһ˫ӷɫâֳʵݣͷɫģЩࡣ
ģǳӢӢףڿʯķ󣬱㳹׵ˡ
˭ɵģ˿ˣûðɣֱӻûһֻɫ֣һ꿡Уʵ
ǡǡҶ죡
ԣʢ񣬱ʵʻĹֱӽе꿡ܶԷ嶼ըˡ
Ƴǵ꿡ܶͷҴһ


659 
صɭȻ׹ǣݺύ̸ɫɭ֣ɢŨϢͬᶼ⣬һƬɭֲ
ͻȻбһѪɫӰâҫ۶ĿɢһǿϢеŨɷһ
˵ɷ֮ΪŨĵطɱȭҪһɷԹ
Ļһ˿Ƶɭ֡
һɫĹâɭͬһҫ۵ĳ磬ֱƲ񷣬ϯ˷֮ص꿡ܶˡ
ױȵϢʮ𺳣е꿡޲ľ
ʲôһɽϣҶͽ̫ɽվңңǳɫԾ
磬ӦĳǿϢôԶܸоƷ̫ɽһ𾪡
ҶԲ÷ص˵ͷȻʶȴܹܵǲ
ϼһѣҿʲôҶСȡߵˮҡ˵
ɫˮʱâʢڰֳߵӰϵŲԶɫͨһƬͳ죺죬죬ҶСӣϿȥһҪõ
Ե÷ǳͼ˵ЩĿİͰҶͽ̫ɽ⣬۷ǿ߶ô⣬Բ
ʲôϿ˵Ҷץסˮһ߳Ǹȥһʵ
̫ɽ棬ʵϣΧٹâƲ񷣬ȻѾкܶ꿡ܳǸȥˡ
ǳϷû뵽֮ؾȻгĻֻҪٵõ解ϷܶḴˡ߻ޱȼ
Ҷˣԭ߶йأѹֶԷô
һԵĽ̫ɽ֣ɫһ䣬˵ʲôǰ˵Ǵ˵еĳǸһǧ
һǧҶԾˡ
߲ؿ˽̫ɽһۣЦ˵Ǵû뵽СӵеʶȻҲ֪
ٺ٣Ҳֻʴ˵һʾͲһܽʥ磬ϧͷźˡһȻʲҲԪ㣬һֱѰҳ̫ɽ˵
ԭˣһҲʶһȴǺϷйһ֮Եȷһ˲õǿߣϧҡͷһ̾ʥסǿߣϷ򣬺СʦѪħʥǿߣΪʱ䲻ˡ
Ҫ֪𾳽ǿߣǿҲᳬǧ꣬һЩƽܹǧꡣ
ܹһǧСһǧ꣬ܶ۷徳ǿߣͲһǧܽʥ
֪ⳤ𾳽ǿ˵Ƕôջˡ
⻹ڷ֮УҪ棬Ҷлᣬ»ǿǰ
Сӣ֮⣬оЧСӲǼҪ𣿴ֻҪ㻹һڣͲᱻټĲ֮СӻһСǿˡ˵
Ҷһһں֮ҪٵһٵĿˣǿ٣ʥǿߵ١ȻٲʥǿôֲҲô׶ɹģһֱܽţܹõóôɽٳɹĻܶࡣ
뵽ҶĿһһһҪó
ԶʱЦˣҪһֱռгֻҪڶʱҪõһ³ɹĻᡣ
ǹغ飬Ȼǳ⡣
ˮҶͽ̫ɽһ·ֵķλͨɫʱȴʧˡ
ˣϢͻȻˣѵǱȵˣ̫ɽ״ɫʱһ
ҶҡҡͷؿһǸǣһܸܵһϢ
֮Դ֣аĵطȻܹ磬ǴǧҪСĵ㣬˵Ƿ֮Σյĵط֮һ̫ɽ
֮Դûв´ĻӦλġ࡯ѹôŨɷֵطҲʲô֡Ҷ˵գǰ
Ļɫɭ֣ɭȻ׹Ǳأ˲棬֨֨죬ڼžɭУԵ쳣Ĺ죬гѹָС
ܼǻɫģ·ûʵϣȴԶ磬ʵ졣
ߴľ񷣬ï֦ѿγڱգﳣ궼䲻⣬ǰ춼Եޱ
طЩ죬Сĵ㡣ҶЩص˵
ﻹΧӦû£ȴһаϢ·ǳΣա̫ɽ
Ȼˣȴ棬ΪϢǴǸаĵطġ
ɻǣԽǽӽǸаĵطɷԽŨ񣬷ǳɭֲһطȻЩĸĴִïʢΧĴִʮֹǳĿֲ
һֵĵط̫ɽ̾
ͻȻҶͫһȫë鲻Խתս壬ͷųɽ⣬Ž̫ɽٺˡ
䣡
ԭվĵطһ޴βͺݺǳֲ涼ըˣնһ
̫ɽ÷ǳһɵľߣзô֣ȫ˻ɫƬƬɫɭ֮УϸĻͲע⵽Ĵڡ
ֲǣͷܹϢҪղ¶ɱ⣬Ҷ춼ûз֡
̫ɽղŵһĻҶԣҪˡ
ľߣһ´ﵽ۰˼һˡ̫ɽµ˵
ʱҶѾʩչսʤȭ;߼Ǿ߷ǳֲһβͣʹſֲƣҲֻҶǿŸӲ
̫ɽԶԶģһԹսּս岻ȥзǳ𾪣û뵽ոս֮Դôֲޣ滹֪ʲôǿء
䣡
ҶûɫĹֽߵβץסȻݺݵˤڵϣҴضѿˣ¶һ޴ѷ졣
Ȼ߻ĹâƬͬһ㱬һܼҶ˶ûˡ
ԶĽ̫ɽڹΧ֮ڡ
ҶŭһŸɫС֣սȻ۵˵һֱߵߴ硣
ͣ
ʱѪ磬߳ʹ޺޵صҶһۣתˡ
ҶҪ׷ȥʱȴǾߵϢʧˣɭ̫ˣǻɫģһգۼ䣬Ҳߵˡ
ˣ磬ǻȸȥɡ̫ɽ˵
ðɣҶƵ˵Īؼһӵˣзǳˬ
ʵһЩҪܹ벽ۣôղžͿնɱˡҶ찵뵽Լ취벽ˣʵܳưԷ֮ء


660 ʥ
ҶǼ룬ΧɷԽԽŨ񣬶ʵʻˣγ˻ɫɭֶΧסˣԶ
Ȼ̫ɽһգ˾ôȥʧҶ֮С
ţҶɫһ䣬æתս壬ȫâɣΧɷɢˡȻһʵɫΣܣʹս
󷨣Ҷɫһû뵽ط󷨣Ȼɱ󣬵֪ʲôΣա
ûж룬Ҷ쵣Ľ̫ɽİΣֱŽ̫ɽղŵ·ߣҲ󷨡
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һûнԺҵŸոտʼҲİ

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һΣҶ˾飬ȫϢڵͿշС
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ȭҲ˵ʴ鵽˹ؼʱ̣Ļġ
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ܵʱ򣬸ûӦȴܵֹĳ棬зëò˼顣


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žĽӽһ޴ġħ֣ҶзŴԼԼָӦǿˡ
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΢һҶиһĨᶨˮУʱɫħѪûˮ˲һֲħ⣬𣬶Ʋ񷡣

ܿ죬ˮӴҶʹİ
һεκɫħѪǳİԵֱӳڣڵѪҺһɣʮֱӣԵޱȡ
Ѫʹ࣬޷̣ҶǣҲ̲ס
ʹֱ͸꣬˺ѷһ㡣


675 벽
Ҿ֪ħͷĻš
ˮУҶаħʮ˴һ飬ЩħѪǳԵֱֲӼѪ⣬ڣɵѪҺȡ֮
ͺҽٸȴ룬ֱţ
ȻҶܵʹǿɱпǿҶˡʹѾﵽܳܵļޣ˵ˡ
Ҫ֪ѪҺҶһ㵮ˣ壬꣬ܲɷ֣һ֡
Ҷڵÿһ٣ÿһѪ⣬ÿһЩѪҺӰӣѪҺ塣
ڣɫħѪӶһУһУɵҶ챾еѪҺЩȡ֮
ӦѭģΪħѪİԵʹֱӾһв裬ǴʹȻҲǧ򱶵ˡ
ҶǼᶨԣ˿ҲЩ̲סǹ˺ѷεʹſˮصףʹذţޱȡ
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Ҷ֮ǰͿЩħѪ׾ٵؾͳڣ˵ʲô˵ЩħѪҪ׾٣ֻΪʣʹЩħѪᡱһЩѡ
ҪǻһˣǷ֮صߣһħѪҪ
ڣҶںЩħѪȻǳ¡
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Ҷ췢ЩħѪѾʼڸˣҪ̥ǣ
Ҳħͷһħ˰ɣҶЩ
ʱڵѪҺѾħѪǺɫѪҺɢѪһִľ֮УʣϢ
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Ҷȴ֣ԼЩηڵħѪǱĽɫâ࣬ɫѪѹסˡ

ͻȻҶоʹ͵һΣ˺ѷεؾʹУֱӺ̲꣬ס˻
Ҷ亹ֱðʱŷ֣ЩħѪѾڵѪҺɸɾȡ֮ڸˡ
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ҶظоԼֽţ壬ÿһѪⶼ鿪ˣԴըˣֻʣһüӡ
ʱý̫ɽͶƿǵĴ磬»ֱιȥ
ʱҶ죬ʣһɫüӣȻһ㲻ͬǾڣȻӿźɫħѪ
ЩħѪڴݻ֮ȴֿʼµˡ
Ҷ쿴Լֽšϣ𽥳µѪ⣬ЩⲢǺɫģǹͭɫ·ͭɣıС
̷ǳʹ࣬Ҷ켸㱻ʹιȥƾǿ־ͦ˹ֱԼȫָ
ͬʱˮﻹʣµСɫħѪһҶӵǿͰԵˡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
˲䣬𵴣һһСͻȻ֣ſֲɢųҵĹâħǡ
رߵħһĻüͷ΢΢һ˿춯
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ҶˮɢǿϢڷƮɢ״һ˫ڵӣֱֲĺɫ˲գ˺˲񷡣
ǾŸɫС磬Ҳ赲ɫĹֱӳħϿյħƣ޾ա
ҶȻХȫޱȣһɸӿֲϢϱϯ硣
Ҷ챳ľŸɫС磬Ҳ˸ӿֲĹâ̫ͬħ硣
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ǰûʣƾԼƴԼֻԵȴʹЩʵŲ
ڣҲʣһǿʣţ֮ͬ䣬Ҳûκ˳Խ
ⲻǽҲԴš
֪ҲΪҶ콾Դ󣬵һ֮壬κ˱͡
Ҫ֪ϹʱħһǻλҪΪͽħ滹ϡ
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ʱ˿̣վ˷֮ص۷壬ݴ½һҲκˡ
֮壬ҶѾսŵʸˣݴ½ǿеһԱ
ˣס֮ڣǲܳΪձصȡħؿҶһۣ漴תȥʧ˺ڰҹɫ֮С
ҶɫӵؿħıӰʦоìܡ
Է͸һĴԸıˣǶԷԸȴҲҶףʦͽˣһսһս
ΣҶ飡Ҷ̾˿ħıӰһ
Ҷٴ̧ͷʱ򣬺ɫ罥ʧħǻָԭսʱӣΧһƬտ
뿪ħˣ
Ҷħգһɫĳ磬ᴩ񷣬˺գħڱȥ
뿪ħ֮ǣޣħĹ
ħ۾ڵӣֲâߵѡΪԻң
˵Ǿ칬Ϲʱ֮󣬳һˡ΢΢Ц
ߣħһ±۾
ЦЦ漴ǣȥԽԽԶһɢǹ⣬ޡ


676 ɱ
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һ·ٷУҶܿ˵޵ɽǳΣŲᱻ׷ֵġ
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һϢӶͬһʱдģҶһɨжʱЩȻ
ɱȭѾŭ˶ʣû뵽ȻϻʡߣȻǾһµɡҶЦ
λߣߣһɳưԷ֮صκ˶޷ֵ
ڽħ֮ǰҶҲֻ·ڣȴûκη塣
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ڣ֮ȫĳǳأֻлʳǺͱʳˣ󲿷꿡ܶС
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ǰٶȿ죬ҲκβҶҲ޿κΡ
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ţҵĳˣǸһѾħ磬ߣ
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ʲôܹʴԳ֣ѲǱʣлʣ
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ʳǵ۷׷ס
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Դϻʡʡ֮ǱԽԽˣＯߵ¾Ӣ౻ץ꿡ܡ
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λߣеһˣҲŲ·硣
Ҷ·һ
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ΪҶ쵣֮ʱڶʱ߹ɿµϢͬоľκˣϯգڵ꿡ܶܵ˾޴ѹ
Ҷ죬·㲻ߣ㴳ҾΪȭѩޡһͻȻըɳһߴӰ
˿ԹضҶ죬˾ɱܣ趯һµ籩
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ǶʱһƬȻ꿡ԣһ𾪡


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Ҳǣ
ҵ궼սҶоЩ޷ˣ궼Ҫɵˡ

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΢΢ɨһ뾪֮еˣҶڵĿУɱ⣬ƴնգҵĵâʱ

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䣡Ҷǰһ壬ǿ͵ƣͬɽӷ籩һǰնˣư硣
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ҲҪǵ汳
ǰ׳գô˵ģҲǣ

ǰʮ˴˼ٱ飬Ҫ֪ҶֲֿʵðűʡϻʵΣգҲһɱҶ졣
ֱ۵֪
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꿡ͫһҶĿ˾ηһ˿־塣


678 
λ߱Ҷɱ֮ڵ꣬ҲҶ۶ڵħѪɣȻһɴܣĽɫӿȥ
ףҵѾﵽ۷壬ΪλܹܣѵΪ֮𣿡ҶʱĪ
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һһϤӰҶ˸еĺɫҲȥָһ˿ɫʡ

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ЩѾŵߴߵǣ˿һҶ컰æȾܣһһٶȿ죬жħ׷Ƶġ
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˵գҶ˻֣˲ڵķӡ֮ʹǻָһΪ
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Σֻʶѣ·ܳ˭˵û׼ԺǻᳬԽҲ˵
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Ҷܹ󵽣˶һѡңǳܵ𣿡
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Ҷ˵ͷ漴˵һ½̫ɽͶƵ飬׼һȥ
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Ҷӣ˵ĲЩ˰æ˵ЧʻߺܶࡣңЩ˶ʹʡϻʡǣ֮УǿһźҲ˵
Ҷ첻ǰ׳գԶʱ⶯΢΢Ƭ̺󣬱ź˵½ȥ죬ǣֻҪԸ⳼ңұ㱣ǲܶв
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ߴץЩ꿡ܱͺǣȻҶˣǻǵԺᱻʡץסźյĻϾѡ˳Ҷ졣
ǰǶԼĽԸ⳼ˡ
ڣӵı֮Ѿǳ֮ûпɽٴҲܲҡ
ڣҶǣͶжͶҶ죬ҲͲôִˡ
źȰ˵֮£оųɵ꿡ˣһС꿡̫ˣлҶľ֮󣬱뿪ǡ
ЩˣҶҲûҲںЩˡ˵ˣ㹻Ѱҽ̫ɽͶˡ
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ǰҶ׷ɱȻ𾪣ҲԶԶȲһսɱߴ𺳣е꿡ܶˡ
ǵ֪ϢһӦǲţԽԽ˴ԣϢҲ𽥱֤ʵˡ
ʱҶһΪͬǿߡ
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Ȼϣһֱȥ˰£ʳǡʳǡϻʳǶûκϢ·һ㶼ȥߴߡ
֮һƬƣ֪ڼƻʲô˭ǲŹҶ죬ֻǲ֪ǻζԸҶ졣
ʱҶڣҶŴǴһϢ
Ҷӣǵ˷֣ʡʣϻˣʱڼٻԼ£һҪҶǡЩǵ˵
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ҶʵſԲеκһˣԵߣҲЩҴ⡣
ǵĻҶɫȻûκα仯ҡҡͷٻҶǵˣٻǣҪʣµҶȫɳȥǸҴܺܵϢ
ҶӣѾõһЩӵϢˣǰߴ׷ɱɱˣӺߴԳ֣ӵ˱ʳǣֻڼ䱱ʳǽ䱸ɭϣǵ˸ȥҲûϢˡź˵
ŶڱʳǣҶЩȣ漴ЦЦȻˣǾͲȥʳǴ̽ˣȫ̽ܶƵ٣һҪ㽫ҳ
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ҪǣΪ̫ˣ֮رǿ꿡ܱȱȽǣһСľͻΣա
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źʱ˵Ҫһ֮ȥҪ˵Ҷ죬ǻΪ˷ӡ

źɵöһۣӱ˴˵п˵ǣǸоҶ̫Ըˡ
ҶҲԶԸһλߣͬʱλߣ֮ػûгء

֮󣬶µһݵ㣬죬ɺѪҺȾ˲񷡣
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ӣ֮ԴյأɷͬˣǺɫƸأɢſֲѹָС
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Ϣܿʹ˳ȥø鿴ǾѪӦʲôԸˡ
źëȻôаĶʲôЦɡ
ҶüͷѪ׽ӽΧѪ׵кܶ࣬Ҷһ˼Ҫǳ⣬ڿҶ֮󣬶ʱһ㿪Ҵһ
ʱ䣬ҶĴɱ䣬òѾ֮أЩ꿡ܾ㲻ʶߣҲ᲻ʶɱġ
Ҷ쵽ϢһӾʹӣʡϻʡʵ¶ʱѣʱҶһֱڰγǵľݵ㣬˴˵أ϶ҪԸǡ
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ҶѪ׸ʱ򣬶ʱܵһϤϢϢǿио
ǴЩƯǿеľ޴ϴϢ


680 泲
ѵҲЩ޵ʬ壿ôܣ
Ҷ𶯣üͷ壬ľ޴Ѫס
λ̤֮ǿգһ޼ʵʬ壬ֿչžĳ棬ڶǸо
аϢź˷ɹصؿѪףĿԼԼһ˿־塣
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԰ҴûмаϢϢƺӦô֮䡣źüͷ
Ҷ۾һȻڱʮ˹̵̣ЩϣҲܵаϢ
ϸ̵ЩϵϢаϢǳƣֻǱȲаϢаѡ
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ǿյʬ壬Щ޴Ӻζ˭ɱˣʬ嶼ûջأǿ֮С
οЩʬҲʥߵ񶼲ݴ½ѾþûеˣЩôᱻɱ
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Ѫ򸲸ǲ񷣬ڱе̫âһƬɫ
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ҶԤϣ濴޵׶ʵϲֻǷ˰ʱ䵽˵档
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⡭Ҷƺµʲôæ̽Χʬ壬ʱЩʬ棬ඬߵԪ档
ѵ֮صԪ涼Ǵ浮ģ
Ҷ𾪡


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˵̫죬˵ЩԪ棬Щʬôģ
ѪǺƣ
ѵ˹ЩµԪ
ôһ룬Ҷͷ亹˰ЩԪݴ½ôݴ½ĺƽ١
ϵȻԪ棬ݴ½ϻͨ˰µ߸ǾԲЩԪĶ֡
ҶĿ⽥ЩԪȷصģֻǲ֪ʲôĿġ
ȳȥ󣬴ѪףáҶ찵롣
ǰȥҶ췢ԽԽʬ壬ÿʬ涼Ԫ棬һЩԪ滹ڷܣһֻֻСԪ̥
ҶɫԽˣһѪԪ棬塣οÿҹ֮ظضԪ˵ѪײֹһڣкܶѪԪ档
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һΪʲôЩԪ治ңԭǶħľѹֿߵ򵥵˵Ǿӵ֮ޡ
ҶȻЩԪˣЩԪ治ΪӦϵ֮ϢԼˡ
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ԡħʵ֪ܲһУһħʲôףħ治ñƻԼġҶͻȻ뵽
뷨Щˣħɲʲôö֣漰ʲôǳֲ顣

ʱ꿡ѾѪ̧ǰ
ţôô˻ЩѪ𣿡ʿǰǱ꿡ܣɵóʵѪɫĿгɱ
ڵܲã֮ǰ׼ȥɱҶسڰ·ϾҶնɱߴߵ飬ýϾͷˣʱҶ֣ϾûиҶʵǰΪҶĵʯ
Ѫ׳˳ȥˣѪףڱصá
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һʱЦػȻרЩԪĿǡ
Ԫ澡ȥ˿Ȼ̧һ׸ٶƶһЩ
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ڿѪף޴ħָԱߣҶоΧ𶯣۾ʱһ˷ܣ̾ͳŹ׿ڷȥ
ʱٶȷ׸һȫƿһƬѪɫʱ֣Ԫ涼ӵǺܿͱػˡ
澹ȻôԪ棿ԪĳѨɣʼ״һжʱԼڳɽѪ׵ģĻҲסôԪ档
䣡
ڴʱһӰͻȻѪг˳ҵĹâһħ񣬰Уɢſֲ
ҵĳ㣬Ҷ죡һܿ͸ӦԼϢʱ֪˭ˣɫҲ˲гɱ
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ڷ֮Ĺ㳡ϣʺͱʶֹ˼УҶ˲ϳ
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Ҷ쵱Ц֮ǰұѪ棬Ҫл㽫Ҹų
ڹײǸ˯ģ㲻ˣȻʺϴ棬ھɱ㣬˳˯档ɭȻ˵͸ǣ̲ס򺮲
ҶԣĿҲһ˫ڵӣɱ⣬ӿΧѡ


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ҶǰȻһ֮ؾͻɱһ׷ɱնɱߴߣԽԽǿսӲҶƵ۷壬
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¡һ죬ҶڳֶԸ֮ʣȻһˣǺƴĵâ˺գһƥܣڶ
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ҶҲ˹¶ɻ֮ɫ
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ҶüͷЩʵʲôȻԴͨռͨôֱ
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ǵۼҡ
ʵ˵ͷ漴˵ʵı۳ϣǵۼһĽܳͬʣǵۼҾң۳ϱֻһϵӵܣǳ̿࣬ʵҲͱǿһЩ
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ˣ磬Ǵ򿪷ħأ᲻ȥһԵĽ̫ɽȻʵ
òƺȤҵȥʣأҶ쿴򱱻ʣ֮ǰʼԴ򿪷ħصġ
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Ҳ򱱻ʡ
ЦŵͷԹɾתսǿкܶ࣬ȴˡҶʱǿ˾תս㣬绢ƾ൱ˣлҲĶˡ
ʣлʺǿ𣿱ôԺʵ
϶ʱһ˿أл˷ǳأ˭Ҳ֪ƺһҹ֣֮Ȼķһи֣ΪʵлʡԴӳΪл֮¾ͺܵ͵ˣһֱû֪ʵжǿԱҪǿܶࡣ
˵Ǹƺлʴƽ֡˵
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ǸߵȷҪǿĽҼµĽл֮δƽ֣ǸεһսضҪֳʤġ˵
ˡ̫ɽͻȻе
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Ϊ˷£Ҷ콫Լݸıһ£ûϳˡ


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ף˵ħŨ֮ԱãȴкôҪǷ֮ѹ˾磬ھͿڴ˳۾硣Ҷ۾΢΢һ֮壬ȻԺ޹˼ɵħֱ°빦
Ҷųϸһܣִ˵زһˣֻвԶǰɢһɾ޴ľ־Ӧþˡ
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ͻȻǰһ󾪺ֶˡ
Ҷ췢ǰЩ꿡ܣһƷһǰӿȥ
ڤƣʥﾹȻҲʥȥһڵʵΡҶüͷ΢΢һ漴ҲȺȥ
ڱʮ˹ıǿʥԶʥǿģߵսȼ
Ҷʵ࣬ԼҲ֪ԼжǿԺһ£ʥøһᡣ


693 ʥ
ڤĹ㳡ϣɽ˺һȥѹѹһƬȺ
һ޴ʯڲ֮£ɢŵĽɫΣͬһ̫žˣΧȺ
ʯǳϣϢԶķģǾƾõʷ
ʯߴǧɣվǰֻӴɽԵ÷ǳС
ҶȺУΧ꿡Ƕǳ˷ܣһڽͷӶţеõ˲Ϣ
ǱڤҴϹŴʥÿһʥضһʥݵ⣬ͬʱҲӵܲսȼһ˵
ĻҶ첻뵽˱ǿʥԼȥǲǰᵽҶȥԼսٺ١
ʱһ꿡ܿ̾ˣڵݴ½޷ϹšԶʱȣ㿴һ֣ϹšԶʱţڣĸʥӵܹ
Ҷ̧ͷȥǰʯϣȷ¶żʮİ֣ǲһɢŽ⣬޷ӡ
ƺͱǿʥһҶ찵뵽
ڱǵǿʥʱֻҪǰߣϣʯȴƺС
ҶΧ̸ۡ
ϹšԶʱ̫ǿˣһͿʥڵݴ½Ҳûʥ㿴ۼҵλʥϹšԶʱŲСλָһ˵
Ҷ˳ߵָȥһС족ϹšԶŲһɢŽ⡣
졭ԭۼҵλʥŵ졣Ҷ찵߶ס֣˾ѧԺûλѧԱ
ۼܹݴ½ıǵ죬ڲżǧ꣬һʥ۷ʱ̡ѪʢЩϱʥǷʥ档˵ھݴ½ǿˡ
ʥʥͬԵĲս츳һ˵ĳﵽǿˣʸС⼸ǧҲֻеۼλɾ˷ʥԺʸС̾ڵݴ½ȲԶšϹʱ
֪ʥ˵ʥصУΪֹҲûһУвٽܳţԳʮǵս˵
ʮǰ֪ܹﵽʮǣǾˣνݴ½ߣҲʮġǵţһЩ׼ʥءʥеǿţԴﵽʮǣʮǡʮǵ޵ţȴǺټһ˵
ۼҵλǿţҲѧԺӣԵʱ򣬾ʹﵽʮǣݴ½һǿĽ
ۼλʥֵ۷壬ӵֳһ˲õţǼܿͻһʥˣҲִʥҲ˵
˻û˵꣬㱻һϡ
һѣû˿̣ҲִʥˣߣƳ죬һ˫ӣۣ֮ͬҵĹա
һ꣬Ʋһɫۣ磬ô̤նһӡʥ档
䣡
ʱʥһɳҵĽɫâڰֳɫ塪ʮǡ
Ȼʮǣ
˿һĻʱһƬȻ˶ˡ
Ȼһ޵ţʥ˵ʥصУҲһѧԺЩʥӡƽ
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һȺ𾪵ˡ
˾ǱڤƣǱڤһǿţȻʮǣڵۼλ
ƽڤӵǲ˵ģⱱڤʾ۹ˣ׼ͻƵ۾磬ԲŽһ䡣
˵׼ʥصŽħأŮ࣬Ϊıǽύڤƣܹ֮Ǿ͸ˡ
ɲ˵λʥŮò츳ҲߣǾˡ
˵ԺʥŮһ˫̥أҲ˼ҾڤƣƺڤƶԴҲȤ
£ްǶ˫̥ҼһΣһһ磬˵õһĸ֣õ
бҲȥһʮǳ֤˼Ҳῴ㡣

űڤƵȥҲɢˣֻʣһСˣʥǰԣԵĽȻ⣬̾뿪ˡ
ʥǰֻʣҶһˡ
ҲˣҶĿ˸
ݴ½׷֮⣬һԭ򣬱Ǵõ䣬÷ŮԶ޷ǡ
˵ֻҪҴﵽ۾磬ȥڡڵΪֻҪһ֮أϽ۾磬֪᲻֪Ѿݴ½ˡҶ찵֮䣬һӡǰʥϡ
ɲǼ䣬ʯҲһҵĽɫʯϳ˺գռ䣬޼ʵĲ񷡣
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һ̣㳡ڲڤǶս˶ܵһױȵӴѹ
·Զžһ㣬ʥɢſֲϢ
⡭Ҷ첻ĿɿڴԼʱҲˣһصľͨʯ֡
Ҷʱϲ֣û뵽ԼܹЩԶšϹŵ˵ʾ統УѾﵽ˼ޡ
ţӰ̫󣬻Ҵ鷳Ҷ֮䣬ѾӦ߳Ź㳡ˣѸˡ
ʥϣճһµ֡ħ
ħ
ɫ֣ɢųҵĹâͬһ̫һԣ̵۾첢һ
찡ʲôˡ
ʥôᱬ˿ֲĽ⣿ԳʮսҲûô𺳰ɡ
ǿ쿴Ա߶һ֣ǡħ𡣡
һ嵽㳡ϵߣȫڴһޱȣѾһµ֣첢һЩϹšԶŵŲ¡
˶ڲȻܹʥҾߣϧǴˣԵüˣź
û˵λħΪţѲһУȻһħĸţ˼˵
ʵ̫ˣ
ĳһﵽޣϹšԶŵŲУʥֱ޷עҪݴ½
ҿң˸ող꣬϶ڸ
ʱڸѯκҶѾ뿪˵أ뿪˱ڤǣȻҵˡ
ħ˭ħ𣿡ܿ죬ڤҲˣƳ죬һ˫ӣɨȺ
ħؾȻһˣȻѹ棬ϹšԶЩŲУĴ̫ˡ
ħҳҪս㡣ڤƴ𣬵û˻Ӧ
˶ۼҲ֪ħˣ˭
⣬ħ֮˲䴫ڤǡ


694 粨
ڤǵĹ㳡ϣΧ۵ԽԽԣǵ˶ˣŮȫһ̧ͷǿ޴ʥ
ħ֣ͬһ̫һ㣬ɢųҵĽ⣬þòɢգΧѹƵȻʧɫ
֪Ϊħ𡱲Ÿո֣Իһ󣬹Ҫȵһº
˿̣վʥǰһˣؿšħ֣޷ƽӶ΢΢ʵ̫ˡ
ħ𡭡ħ𡭡ⶨǼ˲뱩¶ݣ˭
û뵽ʾ統УȻ˴ﵽϹšԶʱĳ̶ȡ
֪һ׼ʥصӵܣȻһ˲õҲܳΪʥ

𺳲ѣһͷӶ˴Լ֪֮ˣǰ֪Ŷһ飬벻˵˭
ҲòˣħΪȻǲ뱻֪Ҹҿ϶ƽºܵ͵µЩš
˵˵ͷ͡
ȷʥĪʷţȴȻѡüˣ϶ǼΪ͵֮ˡ
ź֪ĸţҲߡ˸еǳź
м뿪ʥˣȴһϢǵʱʥǰվһߵˡ
ͬʱ¸ʥˣҲ뵽֮ǰ·ϣһߵȥ
ʱǻ֣ô飬˾ȻˣȴǺڲѣ˶Ȼħˡ
̸Щź̾ˣ˿ȺУһߵߣĿɿڴؿʥɢųҽ֣гױˡ
֡ţͽħɣ£ħ֮⣬ħ֮УΪ𡭡㱼䣬һŵԺл졣
ߵ𾪣϶ߣħΪСӡСӾȻгħصʵ
ǵõʱҶʱмһˣҶ̫ˣʱʥϵ֣Ҳû뷨ˡ
˼ܹʥϹšԶʱţôҲӦ
ٺ٣СȻ͵ȴǵӡߵΧ˵Ĳ²⣬Ե⡣
ȴûб¶ҶòΪţȴһ׬һʵĻᡣ
Ϊ˿ħߣ꿡ܺ治ѣѵʲô֮ħŶ
ǣ˽Χһ߹ߣһߴħòڤƵ֪ϢҲϹˡ
ţˣôħصģҺ񲻼ǵеõǱڤҵϿɣ㡭㾹Խħءڤһ˵òʱŭӣħ鶼һˡ
Χˣһ˾ȻǶˣʱһƬȻ
Ȼˣ
λǰʵǿ󣬾͵ЩʥŮϴ裬ˣû뵽ȻǴˡ
ѹߡ
˶ʱָָ㡣
û뵽¶ݣʱΣڨڨضԱڤ˵ү㲻֪ħ𣿡
ڤԶʱ۾һߣҾ͵һֻ۱һֻˣħݸңĸʥصţ
ϷҲ֪˿Ц
ˣңڤ۾һУȻʵǿ󣬵Ǳڤҵĵ̣Ҳߵ
æ֣͵Ϸߵв٣һʱҲ벻ֻԼԼǵһӰһɫԣ·ȫɫϷӡ
ΪݣҶڽħصʱ򣬽·Ҳȫɫɫǳۡ
ȫɫûκһɫڤƼʵ
ǣȫɫҼǵò̫һɫ·Ϸȴӡ󡣡æ˵
ڤƳƬ̣漴Ҵȥˡ
ΧȺٽϢ˳ȥһȫɫɫ·ȴ׶ˡ
ħأҲֻħһˣ·
գ꿡ܶĴϢȥˣڤǵ˶Ѱħ䣬κҶѾ뿪˱ڤˡ
䣡
úһɹǿϢͻȻڱڤǣˣ꣬ȫϵǿߣűڤһʥǰ
Ƕʱ֪Ѿ棬ڤҵǿ߶Խ쿴ˡ
ˣһЩ˳ħأ¸
ʱݴ½߲֮䣬ħڼٴţ̶̰֮䣬㴫ݴ½
غڷ֮ЩԺĵʦڰԸ̾ȻʥгŰ
ȴû뵽ħţԺġ

ݴ½ħֺ䶯ˣһЩеʥǿߣ΢΢¶ɫҲڴħݡ
ħصˣȴѾڷħѰѰǸȫɫ·ꡣ
ҶʱȴѾħأӡħĵط
ƴɽ޾֣죬ͬһƬڤ֮ء
ŷĺħƵйǺΪˡ
ħӦñӡڵ£ҵ޷̽룬涼޷ƿաҶ΢΢𾪡
˵صûʲôͬѰΧƴɽطֻǶһŨĺħ
Ψ棬ǳӲҶȫһ֮£޷俪Ȼǹɷӡ֮֡
ҶûԼƽ칬λϹõķӡҲûж룬ֱӽ֮С
Ϊ֮ûʲôˣһ֮ҶȴĿɿڴΪˣϰٸгһĶ飬һһͨǰĶľš
ҶȥһӣɽΧûˮȴðźɫħ˳ļ֮С
Ǳڤǿ죬ֻͨţܽӡ֮أԣҪˣľԱߣ˸ڤҵ˿Ŀضˡ
ҶΧ꿡ܿе֪ǴӴŽӡ֮صˣڳ󣬶ҪϽڤʮ񻨡
Դˣ˷ǳϾժ񻨷ǳѣȥһΣҲܹժʮ񻨣һ¾Ҫڤһ룬Ȼˬ
еĺɫħǳ£Թûһſʾɶɶǿзɹȥţħֱ꣬ڷħأֻһ߾߿յ
ԣֻܱܽڤҵġһ󽻸ڤʮ񻨡
ǺǣðӦ֮ҵ֮ҪǿĶ࣬ѹû˿ԷɹȥҶ찵Ц޷ɹӣҲ޷ɹȥ
Ϊ˲ע⣬ҶҲ˺Ŷӣ˵뿪ʱٴӱĵطȥˣǲܱڤҵİ


695 
̤ĶľţҶһ꿡˺ӶɽľïʢݴԺʵһԭʼɭ֣ϧֲﶼǺɫģԵ
ˣҶ컹֣һƺɫ𣬲ϵϵ
Сģħӷӡ᲻ϵǵֻܴ죬֮һҪȥһˣġһɫֿ˵
˼ȻȻţһСĽɽ֮С
һ˵ؾʣҶһˡ
Щֻ֮ǲŨǿڴ˵ش죬Σա
Ҷһ֣һƺɫʱУȻյĸɸɾ
Щ֮Ա˵Σգ˵ȴǴ衣ֻҪԸգڴ˵꣬ôΪԻһ죬½ʥǷǳɡ
Ҷǳɵħǰɽٵʱʩչһħŭͱħԣ˵ħѪѾΪһ壬ڲϵؽħԨ
ʱҶֻܲϵصħħϾɲΪڶħ档
ȥ񻨰ɣﾹȻǿôܴ󣬵öҵ㡣Ҷ찵߶һ£Ȼתããɭ֮С
񻨵ôҶѾˣһ˲õı
ħ񣬱λϹӡҲħԺԲõķӡǳ£Բĥħ
Щĥ֮ɢ˷ħأγһɫ񻨡˻ħһ˿һЩۼ߽֮󣬿Լĵ
ҶʵѾʾļޣһ֮أϾͿԽ۾磬ʱγɵ
ǿغһ۵սһЩǿۣɨȥ˱ֵסվվȣ̸֮⡣
ԣÿһۼǿߣ뾡취ǿǵĵ
ȻҶţһΪۣǵ϶ǿĿֲ
񻨼ȻǿҶȻɲԼĵ̫
ңεľԵ˵궼˺ͬսǿһԻЦ
ˣҶ񻨷ǳӣ֮󣬾ϸ˵ˡ

ףôһ񻨣治
սɽãҶ㷢ֲԶǰһɫʻһʯ棬ҡŽԵø
Ҷû뵽ԼôãսͿһ񻨣жʱϲ
꣡
ڴʱǰǶ񻨺ȻñֱԼĸһֻһıïʢĲݴ
⡭Ҷʱɴ۾𺳡
⻨Ȼǡǻģ
ûô࣬Ҷ磬ѸٴڳͬʱûһֻɫĴ֣գǶ䱼ӵ񻨽ץס
ѽѽ
񻨲ɢһɹǿħҶ춼Щļ£С¶ܺ͵۶ˡ
ѹЩ꿡ܣǿǵȲΣ֮ڣҲܹץʮ񻨡
ȷЩѡ
ڵõһ񻨣ҶǳˣæٳһʱС磬档
˵һٶ񻨾ǿһ׵һǧǿףһܹǿסԴƣÿǿһ׵ĵ񻨾Ҫʮ
Ҷ뵽
ʮ˽סݴ½еĵ۹ʹһĻλ涼ʮ˸ݣ಻١
֮ô趨ΪۼǿߣΪʮ˽ס
ۣͨÿһȼŻһ׵Լʮ۷壬Ҳֻʮ׵
Щȴһ츳ᳬʮס
ľţʾۻһۣôҲԶˣȻͨ
ϹšԶʱǰߵĵȼڵߵȼֵĲһǸʱÿһλΪʮǣʥԵһ
ǸʱҲΪʮ˽ס
ڵʵһۣͻʮ׵ĵѧԺЩӡʥǣʱ䳤ˣΪ϶ǿҼ츳ǿǣ¶ʱҲѸϵǡԣ񻨣׵ǿʵ
Ҷ찵뵽
һ˷֮أѧԺôģͲһ֣ͬЩ˼ǿˡ
һߣϽߣǾѾﵽ۾۷壬ҶŸո̤۾ܱȼġ
۾粻ͬʾ磬ߵΪԽԽѽЩţҲҪķѰٶ꣬ܽΪʮҪķѵԴ̫ˡ
һֵҶ˵ǣ۾ΪʱͲҪںС磬Ϊˡ
ûҶֻҪ۹ˣȻΪ
ȻںСҲҶҪߵḶ́Ȼʱ仺壬ȴܷϾҪڴﵽʥ֮ǰΨһ磬򲻿ܳΪʥġ
ˣȲЩɹ˵Ҷҡҡͷ˦˼ɽȫץ񻨡
ɽǳҲв٣ڱ˵ץЩѣϾʵһҪıð֮æһҲŽץ񻨡
Ҷʵǿֲصĵð֮ǽȻˣڵһץʮ񻨣ջǳ
˵ڶ죬Ҷ˾飬ץʮ񻨣˺һʱ䣬ÿץҲάʮҡ
һºҶѾץһǧٶ񻨣㹻׵ˡ
һ˵ЩħصţҲֻܻһٶ񻨣Լһ׵һЩǿţҲŪһǧ񻨡
ֻбڤңųµĻۣúӵܣ׵Ǽӵڶ࣬ҪҲǳӴ
ԼǱڤƣڽۺҲֻܵõһٶǲˣϾڤһҪӵܡ
Ҷ̶һ¾Ūһǧٶ񻨣Ǽֱûһõ
֮ٹ¾ҪˣҵʱóȥҪŪһǲˣֻܷˡҶ찵뵽
ҪŪһ񻨣úķ߰˸ʱ䣬ϧûôʱ䣬ֻѡˡ
ʱҶ쵹ɽ֮Ũ񣬱˸޷룬Ҳֻаսȥ
찡ǻˣ׷
ͻȻҶ׼ɽʱ򣬲ԶһƬ
Ҷʱ̧ͷȥӦ֮Умʮ꿡׷һ񻨡񻨸Ӵ仨ҶȵͨСŵرţһЩ꿡ܣȻɳȥûһĶ֡
Ҷ˫Ŀⱬ䣬ԡ
ڻҲ˵˵ʮ񻨵УŻᵮһ仨һ仨ȴȵһǧ񻨣֪֮ѹЩ꿡׷ᡣ


696 ڤ
Ҷо첻ѣѾ湻񻨣׼ȥ뿪˵ˣû뵽Ȼһ仨
˵õһ仨ҲܰҶ׵ȴ԰ⱦ͸̫ɽ̫ɽͿԺһ׵ˡ
Ҫ֪̫ɽڵʵڳǵǿߣܹ׵Ժͳǿ⡣
̫ɽԺܹΨһ磬ô൱ԳԽʡ
Ȼرʮ˹ʱöȥ칬û׼ԳΪһʥӡҶ찵뵽
屾Ǿ칬ҲڱһͬԼ̳о칬ĴС
̫ɽ츳̫ûʸΪ칬ʥӣһãڷ֮ʵԺ˵пܱ칬ѡС
֮ҶԽԼö仨ȥ
ԶǶ仨쳣ǿ󣬼ʮ꿡ֶס仨ˮ
䣡
ҡҷ֦ҶҲһ仨ȫųɢɫĹΣΧħȻһȥϯ硣
м꿡ܱ䴩ؿڣѪæˡ
Ҷ춼ˡ
仨ʵǳǿ󣬱ȳҪǿһ֣콣൱ǽ߼ǿߡ
ڳ꿡Ȼв߼ȴסı
ȻӲҵģҶ΢΢޵ҵĿ⣬š
˵콣ߣҲҶĶ֡
ûжɽǰҶɱһλߣڸǲڻ¡
Ҫ֪ʾ統УѾﵽ˼ޣϹšԶʱ
Щʾ̤ħ⣬ҶʾʵѾﵽ۷壬κűȼ硣
ৣ
ҶƶΪһ磬һӳǰһ̽ڰбҵĹâγһֻɫ֣ץǶ仨
ѽѽʱܵǰδевֵķһľУȫ¶ƥħ⡣
ȻɫַǳֱֲӾѹЩħ⣬ץС
˭ʧɫʵ̫ǿˣһ־ץס˻һЩ׼ʥصǿҲ첻
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ȻڴʱһɭĽ⻮գһɫɽٶ죬գ貵ĹâӲغ俪ֻɫ֣Ƕ仨
Ҷ۾һУĿһ䣬ջƣԶľŵķޱ
仨Ǳڤҷڴ˵أĸ׼ʥصӵܣỨսǱڤ𣿡󣬽üǳĳɢųƣĿưظҶ죬ȵ
ǽռΪУȻڤ죬ȫһʢ˵̬ȣһ㶼ûаҶ
Ҷؿܿϳˣǿضľǰ˸ڤӵеһˣһǿһˣʵ뱱൱
ò˵ħأûһܹ뱱ڤҵӵܿ⣬ʵʥغ׼ʥ֮Ĳ̫ˣұڤҵӵܵȷ
ҶǱڤƣʵȫǿߣڣһڤҵӵܣߵʵⲻòľˡ
ԼһԲѵˣҶǳУЦǱڤ治ʥأٶôȻôţǸʰ·硣
һ˾ô뱱ڤҵӵ˵ȫѱڤҷ
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ֻԶһǿӰɢһϢȫڤҵŲ١
Ҷ΢΢㵵ǣ˺һߣоɵǣ˸һϤĸоϢҲϤ
Ǳʣ
Ҷ֪ܿ˭ˡ
ʾȻҲħˣԸΪλҪ͵͵һߣԸⱩ¶ݡ
Ҷзǳɻ
ʱؿŶǸڤҵӵܣЦڤ磬籱ڤƣ㻹ԶٱڤƲˣֻԾԵʵ仨ֱڸڤҶ
ԭǱڤƵĵܵܣѹʵ
ҶȻ
˭ͷ¶βĿˣҲǰڤԲȻŭɭӣҵɱһָ򱱻ʣʱǱɽ֮ȥ
߳ŭ𣿹⸱УҲڤӵܣúýѵɡʹЦһȭӭȥֲĹâ
Ҷ״òˣ׼ץǶ仨
ڤȻʲסˣʣµ߸ڤӵܻڣסҶ졣
ԼġҶҲ̲סеɱ⣬һ׼֡
ڴʱһǿϢ٣Ϣ֮ǿȱʺͱڤ綼ǿһΣҶ쾪Ȳѣ̧ͷȥ
ֻϼɣһͬŮ·һ㣬ɹңɢħԵޱȵʥࡣ
Ҷ΢΢ݣŮò̲֮ס࿴˼ۣҴŮʵȻԽ˱ʣлʶ൱ˣǳȡ
ݴ½ôãҶ컹ǵһ֮ͬУһǿŮӡ
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ڵ׼ʥŮҲˡ
ںͱڤߵý仨עǱڤҵˡ
ʱȺдһЩۡ
Ҷʱ״ŮݣȻλڵ׼ʥŮ֮һ
ʱǱڤͱʿ٣Ҳɵͣ
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繫ӣҸսħأûץһ񻨣֪仨ܲңʱ˵
㷢Ƥ𪣬ü䣬ëܳһ˫鶯ӣ˸˵ĹâñڤһӾͿˣæͷ˵Ȼϲ͸ˡ
ƺһ˿ú񣬵һ뵽Ƕ仨չЦյ˾Ͷл繫ˡ
һħأһûü׼仨ˣţϸץڤĿг˰Ľ֮ɫδ䣬㳯Ƕ仨ץȥ
ʱǶ仨߸ڤҵӵܷҶ졣
ڤһ˦Ҷ죬ߵСӣҲǲͷ¶β֮ղǸһİɡ
һͬһɽҶѹ¡
ȻڤѴӱõĻһйҶˡ
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ǲ֪
ҶǸһ˿ЦҲ̲סеŭȻ߸Ծ𣬴һ̤£ĿǱڤӡ
ңڤ־ŭҶٶ̫죬ŭҶ쾹ȻýŲҪǱˣһӶ̧ͷˣǾԵ谡
ʵ˦Ҷһƣֺγ裬Ҷ֮֮


697 ֮
䣡
ҶһŽʵʵڱڤϣӢ׶ʱŤˣ˫Ŀб߲ѡ
Χ˶ˣһıڤ羹ȻһӣӵɳȥѪޱȡ
ıҲӲˣг˾ȣؿҶ졣
ڤʵ˭ȻȲ籱ڤƣҲ߲εľţħҲҵٶ֡
һǿߣȻһӣʵ̫ˡ
ܴ谡
Զڤ緢һĴоϻۣ衢ŭŭȫ֯һӢ׳ŤˣͬһħԵޱȵͿֲ
Ҫɱ㣡
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ڳ˶оһ̲ס˼Ƕ֪ڤ糹ױŭˡ
ݣ
ǱɫɽһǴⱬһ貵ĳ磬ƥƳ졣
նһ˺ѣرһҵĽ⣬ɢɭ
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ǱɫķɽҲӲ֮գҶһץУҲѲá
˶ʱɴ۾ҶһȭƱڤɱв˵һץס˷ɽֶμֱͬ顣
һս𶯣Ҷϣɢһ޵еϢͬνһ㣬գǲ񷣬ƥС
˾ˣµĺɫҶӶںɫ֮ڵˣȫоԼϵڲʧ
Ȼ֮һ𺳡
Ҷͬһħһȭͻ˱ڤ磬֮ηо
㡭ڤ𾪣ʱеŭѾ׽ˣ֪Լߵˣǰ̫ǿˣָоֻԼ籱ڤϿ
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ҶƲˣһŲڱڤ棬űŤףԵøˡ
ҴǱڤƣҡڤ־ŭӶǻۣԷľܵصĴ
ʱıڤﻹ֮ǰ磬һɥ֮ȮҶ첻ϵزһһſڵϡ
ʵڿȥˣȥһҶ죬ͬʱ˵λӻ顭
û˵꣬ǾӡѾҶһ޴ɽ壬ư磬ѹأ˸еϢѹ
ҶԴŮʵҲǳ𾪣ȴһЦ֮ɫһɫĹ˫Ŀ֮бγɫħնƲ񷡣
䣡
һ죬ֲֻӡ㱻һ飬һɫħնɱȥ
ʧɫû뵽ҶĿⶼôæȫӭϣȴǺɫħݺݵغɳȥӲѪ
ſڵϵıڤ翴һĻ۾ʱһ֪Լʲôˣ¾ˣҲͽ˶ѡ
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仨ڿԹ˰ɣҶһ̤ڱڤϣ˵
Ŀɨеˣغǹ޵еƣǸоЩϢ
ſڵϵıڤ磬ҧø죬Թ֮ɫȴ޿κΣҶʵǿ̫ˡ
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ʵͨ죬һҲֻбڤƿԿ⣬֪λ׼ʥصĸͽ˵г˺棬һţǰȻûŹ
Ҷڽµıڤ磬Ҳɵ䣬˺֮⣬Ҳ֪Ҷ˭Ժܱ
Ҷɨ˽µıڤһۣһҪҵݱ𣿸ҲԣҲûشһ⡣
ʵʮҲĶ֣ұ𡣹ʣܵһʵ𡣡Ц
Ҷɿ˽ţų˱ڤ磬ֽԶĻʱЩڤҵӵȴˡ
ڤҲʵʵشһԣԶһﻹ֮ǰźͰԵ
ǻһʥŮǽãҶһƽһ飬ſѯʵ
ʥŮ΢΢Ȼû뵽ҶǴǻڵʥŮ⼸֪⡣
ҶĻȻƽȴһֲɵƣһݣͷԲһһʥŮȷá
ȻҶһϲҵˣȻѾܹܵԷĴˡ
ٲ񱱺ʮ˹Էʲôط֪
Ҷٶһƽһ飬ҿߣ˿ı顣
ʥŮΪûħأҶʵ
ʱǳ棬ҶĿƺʶãõϢ֪ԷȻһ㶼֪
ʵػش֪ʥŮѾ۾磬ӵ֮壬ٶȷǳ죬Ҫ˶þܽˣôħء
ţٶȾȻô죿Ҷ첻ɵ𾪣ӵ֮壬Ҳô죬ðħΣȥɱ˵
ƼҶɻ񣬲ɵòѵһ㶼֪֮𣿡
ҵȷû˵֮ʡҶ˵
Ӷǻ˽٣ǻڵĹʥ磬󣬶ữΪһ֮Ưķں֮ˣӵ֮壬ǻڶеʡԺ˵
ȤĻǻֻҪһλʥһܵһӵ֮ţпٳһʥôֻʥأҶ쾪ȵ
˵ЦˣһЩضʵţҲұ֤Լһ̤ʥ磬ֻй츳оԵİ̤ʥ硣ңں֮ǳѣٳˣǻڵʷϣҲͽλӵ֮šЦ
Ŀ֮ƺ֪ʲôȼʣҶЩʵ
۵ȼĻκһʶǿ֮壬ӵ֮ˣڳΪ벽ʥΪ֮Яʮ֮һʥǵʥŮɵؾͿԳΪ벽ʥĽ
ֲͶ϶γɾ޴ĽʥŮºѳΪʥҶʱ֮ˣɵҡҡͷ
Ϊ˶츳𣿶˵ܹΪ벽ʥѾһĴˡЦ
ҶԲ÷񣬶ЩŶԣΪǳɣǳΪʥ̫ˡ
ӵʵţʥ󿲣Ҳòͷ


698 ɷ
ʥǧؽ٣ؽ١
˼ǣҪΪʥ񣬵þǧգܹԲ
߾磬츳ǿõлҪܴĻԵˡ
λʥ죬ҲһͽţѧԺӶȲϣ˵ЩʥӺˡ
һͨţȴһɳ죬ʥΪ˷ʥʵһȺˡ
Щǿӡʥӣȴһʥ·ϣûбס˵Ϊʥˡ
ҶʵҲЩħء֮صţܹʥ漣ˡ
ˣ;ȥֻܳΪ𣬻ֹڰ벽ʥ
ǳ̬
˵Ĳܹ֮ڳΪ벽ʥȷֵĽˡҶ΢΢һЦĳɾͣеǳˡ
ӻʲô𣿡ȻһЦʵ
ûˣϣܹҸǻڵһ仰Ҷ쵭˵ôϵԼ
ǻڵ׼ʥŮӦõλܸߣԿԼõ
Ȼԣɵþȵⳤƽܵ͵ҲŽ𾳽缸ʮ꣬ӾȻ֪Īʶⳤϣ
ҴɣҶߵ
Զʱев죬ƽӼ㲻ĽҲ֣ϾŮƷǳ
ƣҶǰȴǵ㡣
˵˵Ǵ򲻹Ҷ죬ĺѵһϧļһ
ת˵㻹ǲǵǸ֮ԼˣҶ˵ת뿪·ڤʱŵغһҽħҪ𣬾ҡȻԸ
֮ʣҶѾΪһɫ磬ʧʡ
ˣɵһɻ
ħ𣿡
û֡
ƺǳƺš

۷׷ףһħؾ˵ˣȻ֪Ҷʥ顣
ڤ翴Ҷ뿪ʱָԹ֮ɫغߵһ֪Ǽߣͷ¶β֮϶ǺҴ硣ǷħأǱڤƹܣҾͲҲ
ձҶ쵱һһڽ£ܴܵ裬ȻҪѩޡ
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繫ӣһ£ȸˡԣһ˿мǶűڤ΢΢ǷǷ̤նȥ
ҪǻڤһһƨƵĸ棬ձҶˣʱﻹĿˣһ˸ڤˡ
Ҳɢȥħţȴһδˡ
Ͼܹɻڤĸ֣˭ҲСȻ뷽跨ҶϢ

ʱҶѾɽӡ֮أǰģһƬһ޼ʵĺɫĻ
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ܿ죬Ҷ۾һ֪ΪʲôоЩϤˡ
Ƿ֮ɷ֪֮ˣħĸӡ֮أǷ۶ɣô˵Щɷ֮Ǵħɢġ
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Ѿӵ֮壬̳ħ²ڴһʱ䣬ҲɷҲ˵
ôһ룬Ҷʱ˷Ѿһ˿ɱ¾İ֮һ˿ɷ֮ôͬ統УҲûĶˡ
Ҫ֪۾統УǿһеţҲпһַ򡣶ʾлַҪǴ˳ȥݴ½ڡ
±Щǿ֪ƻһɱ
ˣϾħķ̤֮ȥ»ܵĹ΢Ƭ̣Ҷܿ侲
ȻǰҪȡãҲô׵ġ
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ʱǾֻʣһ߿տˡ
ˣҶȻҴ⣬Ҫһȫ߲֮Ÿ̤С
£ҶĿ˼Ժһһ뷨󶼱ˡ
ʱ仺š
һͨͻȻ֣һҶ죬ʱܵţѾܽ˺ɫĻ֮С
ţЩ񻨡
Ҷ쿴һĻ΢΢һĪһ⡣
ˣЩ񻨱Щɷ֮ǿ׵̤УܵκιҶ
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취񻨣񻨵ԼȻȥһһ񻨿¼ֲ˶ãҪʱ񻨲УҲЩ񻨶úľС
һǧٶ񻨣һ仨ʵڲУķѵЩҲҪɷ֮
Ҷһҧɷ֮䣬ʹѡɷ
Ͼһ̤ʥ磬ͳΪĹؼ
ҪΪʥ㹻ķУǰȻʺɱ¾һӵ֮壬ȻɷһʺҡҶ찵뵽
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գҶʹȡʮ񻨣һʱһɺɫĹνʹĹâ
ףȻãҲµĺܶԡҶһºɫĻȴûиӦκβʣжʱ˲١
£һ߼񻨣һ߽嶼˺ɫĻ
һҲһƬȴһ񻨣ɢŵĹΣһſźҹ֮еǳ⡣
Ҷʱˡ
񻨾Ȼ֮࣡Ҷ־ϲô񻨣˵Բģռ
ǺܿҶͷԼ׳ˣΪɫĻ֮УٶȺ˼㣬׷κһ񻨡
ףǻһֹһ䡣Ҷ컹˼仨Խˣϧͨ񻨶ץ͸ӱ˵Щˡ
ֻʵʵشŲɷˡ
Ҷ찵̾һϥʼȫĵظŴ˵޴ڵɷ
һʼҶ컹ЩԲ򣬱Ͼһ̫ˣҵɱ¾Ҳǿλ
ǺܿҶͷԼˣҴĺס
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ԣʵһЩ֮ͬ
ҶڲɷʱҲڲοɱ¾򣬺ܿͷһЩͬ㣬ⲻӿɷٶȡ
ԭˣɷ򡭡Ҷоϲѣͬһ麣࣬ԡɷĺУš
Ҷ֪ɷѾԶˡ


699 
ɫĻУҶϥϣһֵĺɫʵƣΪ
ã˴˵صİҲɷ򣬻˴ɾ硣Ҷ컺۾Ŀг˼˷ܡ
νĴɾ磬ʵӴɷ˵ҲֻǴеһˮѣҶʵˡ
Ҫ֪Ҷλİɱ¾򣬵ҲŽɾ硣
ڣֻڴ˵һݣͽһ˿ɷ˴ɾ磬ٶȿ֪
ȻҶǳҲǶ֮æΪʣͺɷ׽Ȼ졣
Ѿ֮ϧ֪ʲôʱܽԲĻӦ÷ӳ޵е
Ҷ䣬˫չʱһһ˫֮ϣƬնˡ
Ƿ֮֮ȻûԲȴѾ¶ơ
ҶʱѾ׽һʱ·ˣЩ𾳽ǿߣѾԪ֮ˣǷ
ţʾȻУ۾֮У϶һЩѾ˷
Ҫߵ·
һزôʥˮˡ
ܶߣ󼴱ԪľˣҲûдﵽҪ޷ʥ
ҶʾͿʼ·Ѿˡ
ϧ񻨶ľˣֻʣһ仨ˡҶƽʣһ仨׼뿪ɫĻˣϾѾɷ˷仨ˡ
ȻڴʱԶ仨ҶȻһҲǳ׽ϣԵú
ף
ҶʱˣЩôԼˡ
һҶ쿴ΧЩ񻨣Ҳڳӿ·ʲôƵġ
ĪɷǰҵԼˣҶȻ뵽ЩԪ棬ڶԱһ񻨵ʱµʲô
Щ֮Ȼû̺ɷ򣬵ȴǴɷеġ򵥵˵ɷǵĸĸǵˡ
Ҷɷ򣬶˵Ȼ
ҲҶ֮ͨ󣬲ɵôЦ߶ǵֵɷ򣬽ΧĻץɾ
˺ҶںɫĻߣĴץЩǿĻӦϵɷϢûܣһӿ
Ҷɵؾץʮ仨൱һͨˣ׵ˣǱڤǱڤҵǿţڽʱҲֻһ
֪ûлˣ
Ҷ첻ɵøڴˣϧʱ䣬ֻҵ߶仨ҲҲˡ
Ͼ٣Ҵ˵ǱڤƹܣѾɸֽɽĻѹθɾˣҲֻʮ仨ΪںɫĻвѣӶҶ졣
ʵϣÿһηħؿƬɽҲ͵ʮ仨Ҷץʮ߶仨Ѿ൱ڱڤһεջܺˡ
Ҫñڤ֪ɱҶ˼ˡ
ϧҪĽ׵Ҫʮ񻨣ɻҲҪһٶ仨ץ񻨣Ҳõˡ
֮Ҷ̾˿ѹˡ
գֻʮ߶仨뿪Ƭӡ֮ء
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ּ֮۷ǿҲֵס˶е鷳ҶǰȴԵòһ
ҶֱͷųǵԼɷһɫħʱԼɫ棬ɢʵĹΡ
ЩӺħһӦҶϵɷϢʱèһԹԵصͷҶߣԵúº͡
ҶҪǣʡȴˣֱն磬ʱһ֮Ϊǡ
ҶջҧˣԶȥ
ֱ뿪ƬɽһξҶźݺݵ³һЩµ˵ղҾȻѳֲסħԶҵӰԽԽˡ
ҶЩǣħΪǿǿĺԼһɵڶħ棬Ȼݴ½ɱ䡣
Ҫ֪ħݴ½ˣȥˣֱ̫ˣһ֡
˲ŲòλϹ񣬽ʬֱӡڷħغͷ֮ء
һʥء
𣡡
Ҷ췢֮䣬һͷɫԿи£һſĺɫɢųҵħ⣬һѪɱûء
Ҷ첻̧ͷ۾΢΢һУΪɱѾһ˿ɱ¾˭ܱȵ
䣡
ͷٽҶʱһѪɫһֱֻϣһȭ񷡣
һȭûʲôƣɱ¾֮ȴӲ˺գӴݶУȻױһ̯Ѫ񷡣
һͷ۷弶ݣôҶɵغˡ
˿̣Ҷɫĳ棬һͷѪɫͷɫħ֯һԵ
ԭЩȫɫۣȻͷҶоȤ
֪ԼϾݽģ·ɫҲܿƣǸûġ
ҶԴû⣬ǰ·
һĿ꣬ǷӡħսĵطҲ˵һΣ֮ء
ҵħԭʯʯͷȻʵȴֿϢߡ
ȻҶԼһ·Ҳݰ£һʵʥǿ߶͸
ʵϣݴ½Щ۷ŵУܶ˶Ǵħԭʯ·Ͼ˭ҲԼʵ¶ǰ
Ҷ쿴һƬ˵в꿡ڴڿڵĿʯħԭʯ
Ҷû̫࣬һȥ׼һЩħԭʯߡ
վס
ȻҶٽʱһߴӰǰɫ䣬Ŀɭͬ档
˵ǱǱڤƹܣҶע⵽ԷķΣʱ֪ǱڤҵӵܣɵЦ
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ҶԶʱЦˣⱱڤһǰԵһ¿๤ȻڵħԭʯҪϽһ룬⻹ǵѵ˰
ûж룬Ҷ伥˵ǾϹλ񿪱ٳģǱڤҲʲôʱǱڤҵ˽ˣ
ϣƢǲС㻹ΪһߣͰԼħ˰ϧ֪ħ𴩵ȫɫ·ģ¶ᣬǣǲӡڤҵӵһָԶڿˡ
Ǽڿ꿡ܣһɫɫ·ϻߣԽ֮ɫ
Ҷ첻ɵЩ˶Լĳߡ


700 ðƻ
Ҷ첻֪ץ񻨡ɷʱĴѾħأ
һЩҶˣߴϣźһȫɫۣԼڲͬ
ȻܹħصĶһţΪţǲ֪ܹʥжѣǴĵҶ졣
ڤҶԴȴΪͷۣΪǱҪѰҶģǳЩߣ˭ֵһħ𰡣Ƿǳˬ
ڤǱڤһλڱڤƺͱڤ磬ħԭʯͬʱħ䡣
ϧħûҵȴҵһȺðƻһӻҶպײͷϡ
СӣһûзƢ֮ǰϽȥڿ󡣱˵СӲħ𣬾ħ𣬵ħأҲҪԹұڤҵĹءڤضҶ죬Ȼ˵
ȻҶʥˣʥϾôʱ䣬˭֪ûгʲô⣬Ժܶǿ꿡ܣǲԸҶʵǿôġ
˵ڤĴѰҶ죬һЩ׼ʥصǿҲѰҶ죬Ƕ뿴ܹʥŵжôǿ
ڤҲһˣԾΪʥصţͿЩ׼ʥصţҶܹʥҲû˿η塣
ǰħðƻ·Ūˣ͸Ӳˡ
Ҷ죬Ϊ·˱仯ͱ˵ԼðƻˣҪеԭ򣬹ƻ
ǱڤҵĺܣϧƫƫͲˣܹô죿
Ҷ˵գһȭ俪Աһ󶴣ץ˼ʮħԭʯ
ڤͫһʱ˷ŭɱ⡣
ڴʱһ̤նͷӨףü䣬ˮȻ˹â
Ҷ΢΢¶ɫŮʶǲǰйһ֮Եû뵽ټԵ
Ҷ֮̾ʣڤѾŭЦݵӭȥСôˣѵҲΪħȰ㻹˰ɣڵģħ˭֪һİ˵ҿҲôʥ⣬
ҶԲɵȻǰһŮ˫̥񰡡
ˣϢЩͬΪһЩͱƽҶ찵棬Խ츳Ⱥھͬ˫̥а
ӣʹˣ֪ǰʱħӡ֮أһȭͻ˳繫ӣҽҲһлˣʵܹġ񿪿˵
Ҷ쾪ȵǣŮҲһģһֻǳȻûʡ
ԣȻһ˶ܹóʤһ
ʲô
ڤԵɴ۾𾪵羹ȻһȭܣҲһôǿ
ǰڤǶˣ֪ͨ㣬Ǹħǧ嶯˵
ħûмһðƻڤָָԶһȺڿ꿡ܣмҡͷںܶ˶ģħ˭֪һģ㿴Сӣ˵ǿĺܣϧħ·ģ´ˣΪԼ·Ūͷ;ñȱ˸ħˣǻ㡣
űڤָҶ졣
Ҷ̯̯֣ʵ˵˵ħǻ᲻ţ
оƼˡ
ҪħҰħԭʯˡڤм֮ɫ
ƳҶϵ·һۣҡͷ˿ħ𴩵·ȫɫһЩģߣҲҪ̽ݡ
ˣȻ㶼Ƕ֣ҲԼҿԣ֪ߵغСӰɡڤ˵ͷ漴ЦҶ졣
Ҷһƽ֮ɫ˵ħ𡣡
˻һԶ񶼷˷ۣмҡҡͷ
ԶЩڿħߣҲȰ˵
Сֵܣ˰ɣúǰ
ǴҶħĳߣǳݹͷ˼˼ˡ
㿴·ŪˣװʲôħǸǶ

ЩȫҶ쵱ǡԼˡһȰ
Ҷǳ˳飬Ц֮ɫ֮
СӣҪôҹԹȥڿҪôұһ٣ôѡ񣿡ڤƽһǿϢѹȵ
ʵȲϱڤ磬ȴҲһģ콣Ҫǿһ㡣
Ҷ찵ͷⱱڤҲʥأһȻôǿţѹܹ֮á
ʵҶǰֱһ
ȻħŲãҾȭͷ˵ɡҶһűڤӭȥһȭͺƲ񷡣
ףСӵеʵѹָðħҪ·һһΪħˡڤ񿴵Ҷգɵ¶֮ɫ
ұħ۾ϹˣѡҶЦջ˾ųɵʵ뱱ڤݺݵײһ
ڤɫʱһ䣬Ҷȭͷϣܵһӿȵ˶ʱһֱˡ
ôʵ𣿱ǸڤˣǱڤҲˡҶһȭռϷ磬ϣûȫ֣ΪҪϷˣһڤ
䣡
Ҷһ̤һһֹĽ࣬أⷽ繲γһǿѹȸУġ
ͣ
ԶһЩýڿ꿡ܣɵסؿڣѪˡ
˶ʱɫףʵ̫ǿˣȻⷽغ϶Ϊһγױȵǿѹ
ɫҲˣ欵ĿУһ˿𾪣ºֶΣʵˣȴأǿ𣿡
˻һڤ־ŭ˴һҶ죬ֲƬն÷顣
ҾǿһֶֻܶԸҶ쵭Ӧ漴ջһֻֻ֣һֻȭͷͰѱڤѪ
Сӣ̫ˡڤŭ˫ֻӶһԲɢǿľѹȸУҶС
񻷣ԶľֻĽؿűڤ
ҶҲеЩȣȷ£ǿľѹȣȫǹ꣬ǳ¡
ⲻǵôģҶüʵ
ǰ񻷵ȷһǿǶħصģôܽء
Сӣ׼ʥغʥ֮Ĳ࣬ұڤʥ֮еٮٮߣ׼ʥܹģߣڤЦ־ͽ񻷳Ҷѹȥ
Ҷʱоһ̣ħѪһڣͽѹȸɢˡ
Σǰͬһ
ûѹ֮Ҷһһȭڤ˶ʱɳȥǼ񻷶ˡ
ԶŴС죬𺳡


701 ħʯ
ˣ
һȭ񻷣Ҷһм֮ɫ
ղѾ̽ˣ񻷲֪ڤҶʲôֶθģʵȻȵǿһЩ޷ԲԵôһ
䣡
û񻷵İڤʵʱҶһȭѪݺݵˤڵϣɫɷס
ʵǰȴż֪һ׼ʥصĸ㣿һĳסҶ죬ǹۻȴʮɣɵкȻ
ȤȤҶȭͷûм֣ȴǸһ˿мЦݡ
Ȥʲôɵɻ
ǰӡ֮ؽڤڵϣ־ڤ񣬿ڤעҪŮ˰ҶЦ֮ɫ
ͣԶڤԣҲ̲סеķŭһѪԹصҶ졣
üͷһ壬漴ɻĪǸħ𣿡
ǼȻţαʡҶһ漴ǣɵʼھħԭʯʵǿһӾࡣ
Χ˶ţڤ񱩴һ٣Ҽڿʵסǡ
Ŀ˸ؿҶһۣ漴ɹȥڤ𣬱ڤɫѿ˵С񣬴Ҫȥƴ磬￴ţ𣿡
üͷһ壬֪ڤ⻰ʲô˼Ҷ죬Ժ󱨳𡣲Ҷʵǰǿⲻ
ƺеԥ֮ɫڤҧСȻɱǣǲмɱǣ㲻õġ
Է˷ۣҶǲмɱǣ֮ҲˣϾҲֻ㶼˼ұˣ˼һ鰡
Ҳ֪ܵﱱڤֻεص˵ͷ
ڤ޺޵ؿһڿҶ죬תԶֻһˣľګվҶڿ
ôߣңøڤͨ籨𣿡Ҷѹһħԭʯǰ˵
ӼȻħѵõ±ڤ𣿡һ£漴Ц
ֻʾ˵Ǳڤһ㱱ڤҵۡˣҲ޾塣Ҷŵ˵ѾﵽʾļޣϹšԶʱţȻ±ڤҡ
ѧƫħ֪ڴ˴νħص׼ʥصУûй
νħص׼ʥźֹǧ٣ôȫ֪ߡҶһսӡ֮ȥ
ħҲһʱˣ׼һ˵أ׼˳ħأϾ֮һмˣϾҪȥѧԺˡ
ԥһ£𣬼Ҷ档
ôңͲɱ㡣Ҷתͷ˵
ȻһЦɱңɱ˰ɡ
ǰɱ㣬Լ㣬ΪǻڵӵķϡҶ
һн飿ȵɲǵûʶôֲһţܹѹڤƣʥ
ʶϡҶ쵭˵
ⳤϣһ˿ɫȻԭʶⳤϣⳤҲǻڵţ𣬸λȨأǻڵĶңʥŮͬãǻڵĳϵУҲǺպĴڡ
˵ǻڲǲе𣿿ΪʲôеأҶЩʵ
Ц֪ǻȻеӣǵŮȴԼˡǻһأҪȢһڵŮӣͱҪ׸ǻڣΪǻڵˡ
һö֮ǻҲвеӣǴЩʦʦĺʶⳤϣĸ׾һλ׼ʥصţ׸ǻڡ
Ц˵
Ҷ棬⻨ڵǺֶΣŮţ϶ǻڵʵԽԽǿ
ҪǣЩ׸ŶŲݣǣ͵ڻ׼ʥءʥڽףûڵԶ׼ʥأһʥˡ
ӿпǻڵʦʦãǹϲģλϾԲͻȻЦ
ҪǿʥŮأҶԵ˵
һ㶣漴Ц֪ǻڵʥŮֻʥصŽףǹҲʥصˡ
ǻڵ֪ȣߣҶߵ
һ˿֮ɫ˿κܿתΪգĹĵѵûпϱʦʦ𣿾ҽ˵츳òϹӰɡ
ĻҵǿǿǡҶһ˵
ʱߺ죬һţҶһξ롣
ҶһЦǰȥ
ԥһ£Ҳȥ
䣡
ͻȻԶǰֲնױˣһɹɿµϯħأ캳ء
Ҷ̧ͷȥʱȣΪ꿡սһޱǿҲ߲Σö඼߼һЩԽߵǿߡ
һˣΨһɨȺۣһ˷ΧѹƲסʵ𺳡
ڤƣԱߵ񾪺
ҶҲϳǸǿ꿡ܣȷǵڱڤǲԳʮǵıڤƣѹʵ
⣬ߡлʡʡϻʵӰдݵıʡ
Ҷʱо۽磬Щ꿡ܾǷħˣû뵽Ȼۼһ𣬲֪ʲôôҡ
¡
ڴʱҶоĴ𶯣֮ѿһ޴ķ϶һɫɢźƴ
찡ȻħʯһԵɴ۾𺳡
ҶѸٳ֣ȫâңûֻɫ֣ɫץסһâͷţɫΪһ޴Բκʯ
ʲôħʯҶʵ
ղôħԭʯӦ֪ЩħԭʯΪħս֮ŵġħʯħԭʯеļƷǧҲѵһһ֮УõΪԺܹʥٿ飬֮ʥ
ҶеĺɫʯгȵĹâоЩˡ
ҶĿʢг˾ϲʯͷֱ
ǽҵĴ۵Уô۵ΪҲýʥ磬Ҳܶ٣˵ǰΪʥҶգʱˡ
ʥжǿ󣬵սǣҶۿˡòǵʵʥ֮󣬽۷սܶӣ֪
ûж룬Ҷħʯ
Ȼʱ򣬲ԶЩ꿡Ҳ˱ڻħʯʱǵض


702 ۷
Уâ貣ӿȣһɹɿµ˺գⷽضս
һȺ꿡ܸɱһҫ۵Ĺâ˺Ѳ񷣬ЯƥĹҶУܵĿռ䱻һ鿪
áߣУоͷƤڷ飬ǰһĻ޷ֵһȺ꿡֮УҲ࣬ô֣˭ֵܵ
䣡
һգԶŲƳȥô۷ǿߣֵΪ
ԩΪսŰɱ
ǰЩ꿡ܣκһһǿߣŵݴ½ϣܺɨһ޵֡
һȺˣһôһ֣һͱɱˡ
ǣҲô׵ġ
ߣħʯһߣȥɣһ񷶼ըˣӿ
ֻһ꣬ӶսȭҵĹâ磬գֲޱȡ
ȭͷڻӶȥ˲䣬һӹâǣһǳһ̫ɢϢûء
ȭȻﵽһֲĳ̶ȣʧɫһ𣬾һһҲ޷ȡʤο滹һȺ˿ɱ
ѵҾҪ𣿡񶼿ˣڤƣǷֱڤȻһȺסЩ˸ӵǿ󡢿ֲ
ؼʱ̣һɫӰǰ磬ͬһ̫ħɽɢųħâޱȣѹ硣
Ҷ죡
ɵһ֮г˾ȣû뵽ʱҶ쾹Ȼûߣǻǰ
֪Ϊʲôһоޱȵİȫ·ǰӿԵסһй
һ°ǶҪЦһ˿ȻԼһɾԵš
ѵСģųСȭʣһȭΪ𡣡
ҶңգضųǵӰƥȭâ
ò˵СȭʵȷԺлȱʡʶҪǿһΡ
ΣҶǸһ˿Цǰһ̤һֻȭͷȥһɻħʱգƲ񷡣
Сȭһȭһǳ׹䣬ΧĿռ䶼޷ֻһȭ֧顣
СȭʣǰҲȭʣҶ˵ֻȭͷֲħ⣬һƬڰϯ
Сȭʵȭâ磬ȴ޷Ƭڰ磬·޾ĺڰħԨ
䣡
˵ȭͷײһһ߳ͬ磬һͬԨ
Ƭسױ飬ֲܵĿռ䶼˺ƬֲĹâͬһ㣬һɹɻ졣
ȿȣСȭʵ˳ȥ̲סһѪ𾪵ؿҶ졣
ҶǳݣһȭСȭʣǰһȺĹڵĵطޱȣâ貣ضս
˶ʱ𺳣̫ǿˣһ˾ȻסһȺĹ
ħ𣡡ȻʱҶǸʥľħˡ
ñ죬ȻԴСȭʣǿˣҲһһ걳һֲĵ־Ƭ񷶼
СġųСʣСȭѡ
Сʷǳֲһ˫񵶣˺գɽضն룬ƾˡ
ǳǿƣһͳҶǰ˫־һҵĹâƥĵâգ̲ס
Ҷû˿Сһ˫ڵӣ貵ĺɫ˷ħһ̶Ȼ󻯳ħӭȥ
¡¡
ձ飬·綼ɲħ
һ𶼷ǳ𾪣̫ǿˣѹֿԻСȭʡ
û뵽㻹õǺãҿĵΣСʴЦһ˶һ񵶣˺أա
һ̣նǵâакڣħֲùս˺ˡ
˶ľͬǴϸܵ˾޴ѹ
֪˭뵽
һ̣Ӱâ֮гһ˱һħؿڣ˶ɳȥѪ硣
Сʡ
˶ʱȻ𾪵ؿһߣҶգħޱߣһħħ
˵òԩûв´ĻǸʥħɡСסӣ˵
һ漴۾ضҶ죬ǰ˾ѰõħǸʥħǸʾϹšԶʱĸħ
СȭҲⱩǣʱһɨǰ֮ɫܸһˣܵòԩ
㾹ȻħҲҪһ£ϹšԶʱжôһߴӰӸµظ·һ飬ѹһдС
Ҷ첻ɵɹȻ˾Ȼϻʣ˿ҵĻ񣬲ǻˣЯޱߵȻ棬ȼ񷣬ֲޱȡ
ҲµĹȻûϻһȷʵҲл֮¡Ҷ찵һЦЩһ֪ʵؼʱ̲űȫʵ
ûж룬Ҷһĳޱߵħϯϣγһֻ޴ħƣգ񷣬ϻץ
𾪣Ҳ̫ǿˣƽ𣬾Ȼôױ󣬷·Сһ
ղ˰
СʺСȭһ𺳡
ǴʱףҶ֮ǰûȫ֣¾Ҳûȫ֡
ͣͣͣˡϻ۴УоҲӲҶħƣʵ̫ˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦϻ˳ȥǱ֮ɫҶĿȴһľ塣
𺳲ѣֱ˿̣ǲ֪ԼħĲ࣬ѹֶԷʥ
Զ𺳵ضҶ죬ħ
뵽˲ǰҶ콻֣бڤҶ콻֣ԭһֱˣ̬ԵУͱڤû
̫ˡ
ħ𣡡
ͻȻԶһ쳹Ĵȡ
˻ͷȥֻڤɢƥĹâһ˺գֱŲƶǿƣѹأս
ʵ̫ǿˣһͰܵѹƵȻʧɫ·ǰЩֻܸ׳Ƴһ
ǹӴƣͬһƬ󺣹û磬Ƭ涼ڶ
ڤƣ
Ҷһ˲ɽƾڤƵͬͷûƮһ
˿𾪲ѣУҶƺžʹȻûɢʲôֲϢȴͬһħ˿һ۾־塣
ɸһսڤͫһ漴ȵϳһ޵еĽ⣬綼ʳƬ
ҽսҶ쵭˵
һ仰ԴҶǿƵλñڤɫʱǱսģʲôʱսˡ
Χ˶ʱڣһǿǷǳڴ


703 ʥ֮
һ۷Ծ
ڤֳ־񽣣ֱָգâҡͷƮ裬һ˫񣬱е񽣻Ҫ䡣
ħصУڤƾǿߣʥԳʮǣͬһԽɽ壬ѹ׼ʥŵͷ
ʥһܹ뱱ڤҲᳬʮˣĸǿģҲֻ˶ѣѾ۾ˡ
ৣ
񽣻գֲ貵ĹâǹƥĽ⣬ͬеľκӿƵ֮䡣
ûٶϻڤֱɱǿƵһȴȫȻҪҶء
ΧɫأһǳǿǶЩͷƤ飬òֵܵ
䣡
ȻҶһȭȥµһû㣬ֱ⣬¶ҵĹâ嫵ħɽӡ
ϣ
ȭâȻǾâһȴһҲ͸Ҷȭͷǹɻħɣʧȥ˹âԵһ˲䰵ȥˡ
޲̾ԱҶǿ۷ˣҲûǿ
ߣڤͫ΢΢һ̶һ˳ƶȴһ̳ҵĽâһһܼҶ챬ȥ
زսһµĽâû˲񷣬ŭ˻𣬴ݿһӿ
Ҷڵ˵ĺɫĮû˿⣬˲˷һ̤񷣬˫ȭӭϡ
䡭
âҶȭͷϣһ죬ض·ըˣƬռһƬڡ
Ҷٸ߿գһ˫սȭգħӿֻȭͷҵħ⣬̫ħɽȻײ
նʱһ飬ǹɿֲħñڤƸܵ˾޴ѹ̲סһХ˶һ񽣣˺ռ䣬ɱҶ졣
Ҷֱ¶˫ȭһӶÿһȭƲ񷣬磬һɿµĺɫΪĳ˷ϯȥ
֮࿹ǣһӿĽ򣬴ӱڤϺƵûƬأɫײһ
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򲻶ֲͣĴըȴǺɫռϷ磬ѹȵĽСռ䡣
ʥ˽
ڤƴ˶ҵĹâһɺ嫵Ľ⣬·Զźһ㣬˷ϯƬն
ҶдΪԾɿֲĽ̫ǿˣܿͷӦֻģһǿ⣬ӦòǱڤԼġ
Ƚ֮ǿҶǰδǿҲ޷򣬿϶ʥǿ߲ľ⡣
Ȼ𾪺Ǳڤҵָ㱱ڤƵʥ֮ǿҲСۡ
Ҷͷ𾪣ڤҵǾʥǿߣȻڤҺԺųʥأΪֻӵʥǿߣܺųʥأͻήΪ׼ʥء
Ȼλڤҵ棬϶һλʥǿͿԿˣûмߵĽΪǲȿֲĽġ
ڤΪڤһǿţȻõǼָ㣬һʥ˽
ȻһУܹѱڤƱƵһҲҶչֳʵ̫ǿˣñڤƸܵ˾޴ѹֻǰ¶ơ
ʥĽ⣬ȻֻʵҲѵˣһ°ɡҶﱬâһǿսƵϯ硣
һ̣һɿֲħҶϯȥħضڶ
ΧսޱȺˣǹǿħһɹɾκˣ˷ϯȥǴ֮ˣܵҶնȥ
ʲôħ
ĪǴ˵еħ
ѵħġɡ
һ𺳣вɲϡ
ʱҶͬһڶΧһжȫɽȥڤǿֲһҲڶ֣ôҲѲá
ҲˡҶһȭʥ˽һڱڤϣѪɳȥ嶼ڲɫҰס
ֳʤˣڤˡ
һĻ̲ס󺰣Ҳ̫ˣڤƸոձƣȴôףȻ֮ڲࡣ
ҲԣڤʥԵĳɼʮǣʮҲ޷ʥҶܹʥ϶ǳԽʮǡ
Ĳǰ㱱ڤҲֻܲʵޡ
ƺ㻹еƣóɡҶգͬһħڵ˫ضŲԶıڤơ
ɻȥֻڤպȻըѣִһϽ֯񽣣һݺҶ졣
䣡
ձ˺ѣƴĽâĩյ񷣣и룬һɿֲĽ⣬ħغƵ
޲𺳵ˡ
ҶҲ𾪣ⱬ䣬ضűڤƵ񽣡
ֲ̫ˣɢϢձħض𶯣һ׵񷣴һƿµķ֮
ʥҶһһ˵ɫޱء
ԶҲһڤƾȻʥˣⲻʥʥ
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˻ûȥսƥĽâನɱ˵صģȻԩˡ
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Ǿүֱֳڤʥ֮ͬУ˭ܿ⣿

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705 Ѫ
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ȭͷ棬һֵɷ֮ÿһȭȥƬն֧飬ضս
ڤԽսԽļȻűڤʹԼʵȴҶԶˣʱˣ޷ܱڤ¼ֲ˶á
ȥˡ
ڤһҧгһĨᶨݺһȥſֲĽѸҶһξ롣
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ƴƥĽâиصĩ񷣣һƬռ˺Ƭǿᴩ񷣬ݺݵѹҶϡ
ħŭҶĮ˫ħɣһƥħϱϯǧ磬ⷽ涼𶯡
һɳ죬˫ȭӭƴĽâ˶ڷ⣬貵ĹâһƬڰ磬ûء
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ͣ
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707 ʽɱ
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Ҷڸоһ˿ĵǣڷħϢֻħ洫µĹûʩչתս塢˵ӡ似ݲ֪
ҶҲףڤ϶нħص׼ʥţʱһֲħôͻĿ껳ɵ֮صЩϡ
ڷ֮أҶնɱʣʵǵһ϶Ǳڤһɵ
ڤһңҺôѧԺѧԱȻѧԺѾûˣҲúһʥأʱõġ
Ҷüͷ塣
ˣһҲʶڤҵı޳ܣѱǲᰵ¶֣ɱ
ԺҪСˡҶ찵һ̾ĿǰҲֻһһˣϣѧԺܹñڤɵ
գҶ̳߳׼뿪ռͨ
֮һҲõ˽ʱˡ
ţȻҶͫһĿУһϤʬ嵹ڵϣΧмʬ壬ϵѪûиɣȻǲŸá

Ҷ΢΢һ䣬ϳʬݣйһ֮Եĳ
˳⣬Χʬ壬֮ǰҲǺͳһǴ̳ǰħصģû뵽
ĪأҶܵһֵɫʱһȵʣɣǵʵǰϢߣ
Ļ£Χâɣһ޴Ĺ񷣬γһΣѹڼ̳Χ
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ϧǣʰҶʵص͹ˣڵҶ죬Ѿʾﵽ˼ޣϹšԶʱǿˡ
ҪǶ֪ҶǷħصħ𣬿Ͱ·ˣϧ뵽ħҶ졣
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һĺһϤĸߴӰϿգɢſֲƣҶ죬ɱ⡣
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Ҷ̧ͷȥ¶Ц⻰һԭⲻ͸㣬·㲻ߣ㴳Լ
ߣԲѣΪħ𣿻ǱڤƣǱڤˣҲһʹЦ
Ҷһ漴ЦʢĵСӻ¶ˣӾħ𣬱Ǹڤǿˡ
䣡
ڴʱһߴӰϿգظҶ졣
лʣҶɫһڶߵˣȻлʣû뵽лʾȻͶ֡
лؿҶһۣ漴Զ˵ϻ˵Ͽ߶󷨣ֹ⡣
Ҳ̫СˣɱҲεǿߣټ֣֮˭˶Ҫں˵
лûлػԼֱӴ߶һ󷨣Ҷȥ
ʼ״Ҳæٿ󷨣Ҷ졣
ʱɱâɣһϬĹ˺գ񷣬ݺݵɱҶ졣
նڶضڲѣⷽسƥɱ
ΪɱңҶ޾ɫֱӭеĹ߾˫ȭ񷣬һɫڷɶڸ߿дƥ
ͬʱҶϱ貵Ľ⣬һɫս񣬰գɢƥѹ
תս㣡
֮ɫ
лͫһɫҲ
Ƕû뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼ˵ľתս壬ʵѾԶԶˣɱǣƣǽҪ·ˡ
ɱҲɱң̫СҶˣҾǿʲôǾԵ
Ҷһȫâ貣һֱӵٸ߿գһȭݺ񷡣
һ˲䣬Ҷȭͷ貵Ľ⣬һ̫ڸ߿бըƥܳ˷ӳɱ󶼸ݻˡ
лʺͶʺȻˣû뵽Ҷʵôǿ󣬾ȻôʹɱǵĲùһ
лʣˣȫնɱʴȵ
һֻ̣СȡһɫĴ󹭣һɫѾȥɢҫ۵Ĺâܵնڲ
ɫֲ̫ˣԲǵǡ

Ҷ۾һУû뵽ʾȻӵѹôеɱ
ǿ߲ʸӵеҪǽ۾Ҷ컹壬Ȼֻʾ硣
ӵĶʣʵѾֱ׷ڤˣϾⲻȻʴ˽
Ҷ죬˵ǿѪֻԶлгһѪɫɢųҵѪ⡣
˾ǣѪѪ죬ǿϢΧձ·ɲ񽣡

ҶŭЦߵܺãΪɱңǾȻǽ֮һͼı
ʱҲܵ˾޴ѹлʺͶʵʵȻ壬ȴǷͬСɣò
Ҷ죬ҿ㻹ܲѣһɣʴһ̲סȳ֣һɫ貵Ĺâֱ˺գֱҶ졣
ͬʱлӰڸ߿Ѹ˸˲ͳֵҶһ
ò˵лʴĺץס˺ʱҶ޷ܡ
Ҫ¶ħˣҶܵһɾ޴ѹҵâһɿֲɱϯ
֪һ¶ħݣôͱնɱˣӳȥ
򣬱ڤҾͻȷħˡ
䣡
˼֮䣬һɫһݺݵغҶǰ̫ͼ档
˲䣬̫ͼǿһɡ
ҶֻһȭӭȥͬʱһȭлʵѪ˿̣ܵǿߵļйܵ˻Ĵ
˺
ɫҶȭͷǿȭͷһѪǺɫħѪһӾͱʷˡ
㡭ͫһ𾪵ؿҶ졣
ʱҶһƬڣͬڰħԨ


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ʺȻˣ𾪵ؿҶ죬ɫħѪֻһϿǸ˾ǡħ
䣡
ҶһȭѪһѪɫɱ¾ֱϣ˳һȭлʡ
˲䣬лʸܵһɴ־Ҳ͵˳ȥǱȭɨУһѪ
սħȭ
Ҷ֪Ѿ¶Դ߶֮壬սӵ۷壬ޱߵħʱɨ
лʺͶʶʱܵ˳صѹһ̫ħǰƵģǿħս
ħҶ죬صĹû뵽ħ𡣡ʴ𣬽еɫ󹭴߶˼£һҫ۵ɫһͷͷҶ졣
֪Ҷħ󣬶Ҳû֮ǰźͲм˶ص˼£һ˿һ
ڲ֪ˣ
ҶЦһħ˺գأһͷͷȫնɱµĺɫâǧɣңңն򶫻ʡ
ҧǰɫһھѪѪȾ󣬶ʱâɣƥ
䣡
һͬǣƲ񷣬֮ʣЯž춯صܣû硣
ҶϾ죬ͬһ̫ħ񣬻Ӷսȭµķֲħǵصϯ
һȭͺǸ貵Ѫɫ棬ײ˿ֲĴըµನֱӽɳȥ
ͬʱ
һɱлɫ࣬һӰӣ˲Ҷٶһ
һǳҵҶ꣬δ֮ʣν׼ʱ˳ϣ޷
ȻҶƺ׼ֱתһȭȥЦû뵽лʾȻֶΣƫ죬óɱ֮Īһɱ֣
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ڲԶٶһɫͬ׹ǣһһţһƲ񷡣
ЯɱµҶɫһ䡣
Ҷ쵽ʵǿȻܵѹƣ֮ȫ֮ǹǿħڳ忪ѹ
лʻãʵǿټֳ־ͨɱ֮Եôݲȡ
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ֳɱҶҪףҪɱǣǾȵûɱһˣ˵Χ֮ơ
֮Улʾͨɱ֮óսȶҪǿܶ࣬һҶ˵ȴη壬ΪԼǽսĸ֡
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ҶȣûᱳлʣǾ˫ȭһȭһ֮ɱ򶫻ʡ
ͷƤ飬ë˾ֵ˼£оħ֡
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ʴ޴Ŀ־ģƷһɫ󹭾ȻŵҶ졣
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Ҷһֻȭͷϵɱ¾֮Ȼɢˣһ֮̾ǿ
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ʸܵĽӽæʧش㲻ɱңǵۼţҪɱңۼҲŹġ
ͬʱһɫС磬ɢ貵ԣֵҶĽӽ
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ĶʣǱҶһȭؿڣµɷ֮ǳʵ棬ˡ
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ЩҲգ͸ɡ
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ͬһɫҶУӳȴǱڶǿǧٱ
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ǵƥɫڽ٣µѹлϢæٽӭȥײĻֱûһƬռ䡣
ۣһ̣лѪɳȥеѪɫǱ˼£ɫһƬҰס
ҵĽлȻܵشȴæץǱѪɫ
֪ûҶֵסһС
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Ҷ֮һץסѪɫֱָŵڵϵлʣɱ⡣
ħϣҲԩлǷϵؿҶ죬Ц
˵˭ڷ֮Ԫ棬ôĿʲôҶʵ
лûʲôޣΨһĳͻǿѪףԷǿѪ׷ǳں
ôʣ֪Ĳ࣬Ҳˡлԣȴһ¶һ˿ѵЦݡ
ǲ׼˵ˣҶüͷһ壬Ѫɫ̵лʵؿڣһɳҵĹâӽų
ͣ
ϣлʾȻԼǰѪؿڹ룬ڵ顣
Ҷɫʱޱȣû뵽лʶԼôݣȻѡ
ܹʥҶĺһ£ڽħ֮ǰѾϢ֯ڲǻ뾡һа취ɱ㣬Ϊ֮лؿҶһۣĿнʧȥɫʣ˵ϡ


709 پ
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һڰĹУڷһˮͻȻһը죬濴صһæ򿪹š
ֻԶһˮѾѣ֮Ҳʧȥɫʡ
лˣ
Ӷʱһϵɫ¶һ˿ء
ͬʱһĮ֮д
֪ػţ˴֮̽ϢصעһҶˣлᡭɱ֮
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ع˹ò̧ͷĿгɱ⡣

ͬһʱ䣬ڵۼҵһ֮УŶʵˮҲըѿһƬҡ
ػ깬ĵۼҳϣʱľѣ۳ϴ˿Ӧûڷ֮أһ㲻֮ܳأҲԱˣʲôܹɱ
λзǳɻæȥۼҼ
󣬵ۼɳǿߣǰ֮ش̽Ϣ
ͬʱħصķ粨Ҳݴ½߲㴫鿪һƬ䶯
ħţһα֪˰Ϊһһš
ڤҽнħص׼ʥŶסˣʼһΪϣܹѰҳħ
עҪʧˡ
ΪħҲҶ챾ˣ˿ȴ̳ԱߣŴӶõɫ󹭡
ǿԶ̹ѪܰɡҶ찵뵽
ƸһߵʺѪ̫ɽȻҲýĵ·ûжͣȫʹѽ
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ãҶõħʯԼĴ۵
ھ֮ؿһʱ䣬ôｫ۵Ҷ쿪һʼȡħʯ۵
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һɺƴħŴ۵âųʼ˷ϯȥΧնһµ
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ҶЩЦħȻҪȫʩչ֮С
ڤҿ϶ڴ̽ҵϢ򲻵ѣһܱ¶֮ϢħҲܶˡҶ찵һ̾
ԱڤȻĿǰֻѡ͵Ļ˭֪ڤǸʥ᲻׷ɱ
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δһʱ䣬ֻʵʵشѧԺˡ
ҶпЦ
ܵǰδеľ޴ѹҪʵֻгΪ𣬻˲Ƶа
ĻԷóʥһ𣬶ɱˣӶӲ

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뿪˿ռͨҶִܿ˱ʳǣȻɽ˺Ҷ뿪֮ǰҪࡣ
Ϊ֮ؼǶҪȥˣȻȥЩΣյĵطǹԹԴڳӵջ
Ȼһη֮֮Уȥ˴ţܹˣÿһܴвһˣﵽһµĸ߶ȡ
̫ɽˣǰʵͻڣȴҲǷ֮еһˡ
Ҷɱһߡߺ󣬽̫ɽʵǿڷ֮غˡ
磡
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ֻǻ̫ϡˣ˵һӡ֮سһ仨Ǹħˡ
Ҷ쵹ãһó仨ѱŴˡ
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ҶЦЦͱʻ˽ύ֮⣬ҲΪ˱ӶԽ̫ɽͶƵչˡ
лҶˡм֮ɫ
һûûε˵磬һ仨׵Ǽ䰡
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ûҶ쿪ڣһԵıʾͿЦ̫ˣһ仨׵Ҫ׵Ǿ͵ʮ仨С
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ҡҡͷΪⶫǲݰѷħˣҲҲٶ䣬ʮ䶼ûС
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ҶԼһ˾Ͷʮ仨
ñɻǣӡ֮Ѿڤѹһ飬㻹һ仨֣ôʣʮ仨ء
עһˡ


710 ɼ
ݴ½ϣΪħ飬ֵ÷з˲֪˲ϣԺѧԱ֪һųħţɨħأñڤҶͷ
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һô۷ǿߣõ÷֮ƽܶ˶ЩӦˣоʲô顣
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Ҷ˵ͷ߳ʯݣ뱱ʵ˾ۼһ𣬵ȴ֮ؿ
ʱ֮Ĺ㳡ϣѾۼԺĵʦÿ˵󣬶һҾ޴սѾ߸
ڽˣǰķ֮أȸѧԺĵʦ̾
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պǿʥӺ汬ϯءµƺƵػգڷ֮档
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ЦǺǵܼ򵥣νĳɼгڷ֮ɱˣȻǵʵµȡеȡϵȡߡߡŵȼ
ôˣԺѵһһ̽óҶ
Ҫ֪Ȼ֮˴ţʣµţҲмʮˣ˭֪Щ˵ΪΣսΣɼΣѲɻһ̽飬ķѵʱ̫˰ɡ
Ҷ֣̫ˡЦҡҡͷ漴ָеЩŻ˵ЩʥͨŻֻҪ߽ȥʥȻ׾ٵ̽ǵսԼɼ
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Ҷһֻ̾ƵطһŻ̫ɽͶҲѡһŻ
֮أֻҪŵ꿡ܣʱеЩŻ
ڷ֮Ĺ㳡ϣһ꿡һĹ߳ǵ߳ƮһƤֽдһЩɫ֣⡣
󲿷ֻеȡϵȵĳɼȻڷ֮ɱˡ
ȻҲ˸һһ۵Ĺֶ£漴ͷϿգһ޴ġ֣âɣĿ
˵һλǿߣһķעԺĵʦæ¶ЦݣѯǷԸԵѧԺ
ѡѧԺѧԺĵʦʱЦݣؿԱλʦһۣЦǺǵѧԺİ
Ȼţʵ˵ûڵѧԺԶĴԺǿȻż롣
ĴѧԺĵʦ⸱С˵־ӣʱһҧгݣȻ֮ɫ
ߣһߣǰ׻ѧԺһԡ׻ѧԺĵʦߺһλʦ֪Ѿڷ֮ˡ
ϻ츳ȺһǵһȸѧԺĵʦ˵
˸ǣѧԺ˱Ը⣬лҲԸ룬ٺ١ѧԺĵʦ˵
⻰ʱ𾪣ѧԺĵʦԣҲɫһû뵽ѧԺһ߼룬ѹ֮ǰлǡ̸лȴûб֤ѧԺԭϵѧԺ
뵽ѧԺĵʦʱɲ뱻ѧԺȥ°ܱʣᱻѧԺĸ߲𷣵ġ
ֻܹѹȺۣɨ֮أΪһˡ
ڵۼҵţʮġ
ϧ֪Ҳ˷֮ء
ʱţԽԽ꿡ܴӷ֮س˿ųɼʧ˿ųɼЦǼһϲҳ
ԺĹ涨ǻϵϵۣԸԺеκһѧԺ
µȡеȵۣǾֻܳΪԺӡ
ߣôõصչˣȻϾͳΪӣȴᱻֵص࣬õصΪġ
õߵۣǾһ죬ϿԳΪκһԺӣʦҪֺõš
ķţѾܾûгˡ
ĵһʶõһţǾǡһˣΪһʡ


711 ѡ
һʶ裬ܹݴ½춷Ǹ⣬ڷ֮صĳɼˡ
Թܹڷ֮ػ÷ŵţָÿһ˵󣬶Ϊҫ۵Ĵڡ
ʧˣݴ½Ȼǵһ񻰡
ϧԴԺԺҲûгһ÷ŵˣǻߡ߲
һԶ죬һһǿ󣬷Ƕǵһȴеһ졣
ԣԺĵʦڴһҲһҲ˵
жʡлʡϻ˻
ϧû֪ʺлѾˣʣµϻʣһοҲֻˡ
䣡
УͻȻһƥĽɫǳҫأڳ˻Ȼ
һߴӰӽ֮߳ͷɫâ۳һʡ֡
ϻʣ˿ݣʱ
ȻȸѧԺĵʦȴһ˿źû뵽ϻվʧˣܻ÷š
ЦݵӭȥϻţҲСΪϻʽעҪԽ
ʧˡϻޱ˵һ䣬Ȼվһߣؿ֮ϿյЩŻ
֪ڵȴߵĳɼ
ڱ˵û߳ƺѾˣǶЩû֮ǰܺųƻߵˣȴǲ㡣
׷ǵһǸҫ۵ķš
ú󣬱ҲˣͬĽ貣ͬĻֶգȻϻʰһЩҲ䶯㳡ѧԺĵʦЦݵӭ˹
ϻһʴ˿Ҳصؿ֮صϿգעĲǶʺлʣҶ졣
ܹڷħȡʮ仨ҲҲٲʵ
²ҶǸħֻǲ²չǲ²⣬˵
Ҷĳɼرעˡ
䣡
ͻȻнһףܿͱһֻɫˡ
һ貵Żҫ۵Ĺâͬһ̫ѹ죬ܵŻһ޹⡣
һ˶ѹȺۣ⡭ǷţһǷţѧԺĵʦɵõɴ۾
ĴѧԺĵʦԼʡϻˣһסǵ貵ĽɫŻ
սĽףȫɫַ飬˲ǵ貵Ż
֪ӢţҪɱǵŻ߳ţֻһ³֣Ǿǵ˷š
һǶʣѧԺĵʦߺ
лʣѧԺĵʦ󣬴
λʦֻܰ̾Ϊֻʣ¶ʡлʡˣʵֻлʺͶˡ
ֻбʸоܻҶ죬ΪҶ쵱ʱ棬пҶˡ
ĿĿУһ국شӹ֮߳һѩ䣬ͬһ·
˲䣬˶סˣΪǷ֣ǲʶ
ԺĵʦҲһ㶣Ҳû뵽ˣȻһİˡ
ֻϻʺͱʾߣ
ԺĵʦʱԼͬʵߣʲôߣ˵˭
ϻȻ֮УǱʿڽ͵־ߣǰҵȲ֪һս콣֮أսлʣ˵˴ƽ֡
лʵʵ֪ڵʵѾԽлˡϻʳ˵
Ժĵʦʱһ߾ȻһˣԽߣھ֮ء
쿴ַˡͻȻȺдһ
˶ʱ̧ͷȥֻߵͷϿգĸɫĴ֣һ
һĻ㳡϶ʱһƬ
Ķ˵һ߻˽һԺͶ貢УΪһˡ
СѣԸѧԺ±ֻ֤ҪԸѧԺԻܵѧԺصΪʥӡӶָտɴѧԺĵʦͷȥЦݣжоͶС
ƥ򣡡
λʦһʱһæȥΧߣЦ
֮Ѿܾûгַˣںò׳һλȻ
ϻʺͱʼ״ɵһ꣬ź֮Ĳ࣬ô
û뵽õţĽȷ£һܵС̾
ǵδأڤƾӦ£ֻҸоɲ⣬ÿһμǰһǿࡣϻ˵
ڤƣߣѾˣѪ֮󣬶䵽磬֪òĻֻغߵ
ǰû뵽ʥеĵһţ䵽ǰ³Ǹħǿ°ϻ̾
ԣɵ뵽ӡ֮أǸߵˣɫʱһ˵ҲħпܳҲֻŻᵮôֲš
ߣȻ⣬Ҳʾ磬ȵ۾磬ٱȱȿϻһָš
еЩŻֵǣ̫ɽͶƶˣΪʲôҶȴٳûг֡
ʵϣʱҶҲƣŵʱֻоǰһһƬããС
ʲôطҶЩ𾪵ĴȴһƬʲôҲûС
˷һƬŰ׹⣬ޱѩס
¡¡
ͻȻǿϢ֣ͬǵصϯҶϢ̲סϢϾʧˡ
Ҷ쾪̧ͷ֪ʲôʱǰѾӰâ˸ȫݣһ㡣
λʥѲǡҶеһµ˵ݣ϶Ժʥǿߡ
ֻǲ֪λʥ˵Ϊʲô
Ҷ֮ʣλʥˡ
Сһţֲ㡣
СһɱĻذɱһ߲˵߶ǵ찡
תս徹Ȼ㣬ѹд˵ʵϧҪ߲㣬ûоǲˡ
ʥ̿ڣû˿̸࣬Ц
һɫӰ󿪿ڣ˵СӣɱʺлҲ˵ɱ˶ʣǵ˵ۼңֻҪԸѧԺϷԱ֤İȫ
ϼһͿʼ˰
Ҷ컹û˵һʥˣѧԺʥϣҶѧԺᱣ֤İȫΪͽ
ţʥ̿ڣһһź
ҶԼΪʲôˣһĳɼ̫ҫˣλʥòԳԵѧԺ
ò˵Ҷ˿̸е˼ٸС
Сһ㵽ôѡ񣿡
գѧԺʥͷؿڣҶȻ츳ˣ˭֪᲻ƽʥ磬ϾҶ̫ˡ
ֻҪܳΪʥô츳жǿʥ˵ֻһֻϣǲܺķ̫ʱϡ
ҶԳƬ̣漴̧ͷᶨ˵ѾѧԺ


712 ޵

ҶĻһλʥʱЦѧԺǸʥ
λʥЩźҡҡͷ
ϼһˣСһ鷳㻹ͷʹɡѧԺʥ΢΢ߵ
ȻѡѧԺǺ͵ۼҸˣƾûɱ˶ʣۼҲŹġ
СһΪ֮ɣ
λʥӰȥֻʣλѧԺʥվЩؿҶ죬ʵСӣΪѡѧԺӦѧԺѾûˡ
ΪԱҶûݣΪλʥֶΣܹ鵽
ѧԺʥɫһ䣬漴ؿһҶ죬ͷģֻҪѧԺǻᱣ֤İȫٲͬεˣǱ֤ǲ֡
Ҷ΢΢Ծʥ̬תЩȣѲѧԺ;칬ĳֹϵ
Ҷ漴˵ֻҪͬεģҲκˡ
ܹʥҶȷţΪѾʾﵽ˼ޡ
㲻ú۾磬Ҳͬվ۷壬ݴ½
Сӵ԰ıǮҲܴ⣬Ƿħصħ𣬾ͱǿѧԺʥЩζ˵
Ҷ֪ǻԼħ𣬵˵Ҳ˷ħأۿħ뱱ڤһսȷǿȻаջܱڤƣȴûջħ𡣡
СӲýͣ˭ڶѧԺѧԱֻҪ㻹ѧԺǾͻᱣ㣬ǵۼңǱڤңѧԺɱ㡣ѧԺʥڰֵ
лǰҶ칪һ漴˵ǰҲҵĳɼӦúܺðɣϣʵ֪ǰܷæ
˵ۼҺͱڤҵѹҶڿɲڸߵˣ¾Ĳħ𣬱Ҳỳħˡ
ѧԺʥԶʱҶ˼ȴЦҡҡͷʧˣɼû취أʱˣۼҺͱڤҲѧԺĳɼ
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Ҳգߵ͸ߵɣ֮·͵ֱǰʥػʥҶ춼塣
գҶ¶޵еţȻˣǰȥˣҵҪۼαҡ
ãˣ͸ֳơһѣʥɱģġѧԺʥ˵գһ֣һƬâ¡
Ҷʱоǰָһ޴ĹųԼǰûԥֱһ̤˷֮Ĺ㳡Ͽա
ڴ֮ǰ
ʱţԽԽ꿡ܴӷ֮г㳡϶վ˺ѹѹȺ
ɻǣлʡʡȻûг֡
˵֪ˣлʺͶʵѶȴûд˷ǳɡ
ԺĵʦҲڽصȴš
ʱԽԽãӷ֮سҲԽԽ٣ƺѾȫˣǼҫ۵˻ûг֡
еĹſʼһʧˣ˶Ѿ߳ˡ
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ҲɻҶôٳûг֣
֣лʺͶأѧԺĵʦ־ŭѲߺһҲɱˡ
գĿתԶߡ
֮أܹɱлʺͶʣΨһĿܾˡ
ѡ˼׻ѧԺܵѧԺʦĿ⣬˵һлʾˣҪɱɱˣûҪͷ¶β
𾪣ǶΪлʺߴƽ֣ڿȴлʱ߻ˣѹܹ÷š
׻ѧԺĵʦҲǰߵߵĳɼдڷ֮ظûնɱһˣѵ㲻λԺ𣿡
ѧԺĵʦȻһλԺɻѵлʺͶյУ
ӦûУڷħؿǣǻһ뿪˷ħءϻʴʱڣҲǷǳɻ
˲ɵøɻˣ򱱻ʣΪ֮ص۷ǿߣҲ֪Щʲô
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Ҷ죿ǸСӣѧԺĵʦԣü֮ʱһ˿û뵽ʾȻûɱҶСӡ
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˲ɵ̧ͷȥֻ֮صϿգһɢҫ۵Ĺâ
ԽԽ˶ߣһɳҵĽɫâųͬһ̫㳡
˶ˡ
ҫ۵ĹâѾԽ˻ߣѵһųˣ
лʣǶʣ
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һֻ˳նʱɫ䣬׵˸
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Ŀ֮Уһɫǳ۵꣬ӹ֮߳ͬһ飬ͷϿգɫĴ֣޵У
㳡϶ʱһƬȻ˶ˡ
ʲôţ޵УŴڷ֮޵
֣ȴ֮ǰߵġһҪҫۣ·һ̫ɽѹ죬еһжǰȻʧɫ
Ǵ磡
磡
ƺͽ̫ɽ־ϲ
ѧԺĵʦ֮Ҳ¶Цݡ
ѧԺĵʦɴ۾ţû뵽ǸСӾȻôΪ˷ţŻǡ޵С
ɵҲףŴʲôΨǿţӵΪš
ȻˣԶһ̾
ϻϳ𾪣Ȼʵˣˡ
Ҿ֪Ҷֲѣһˣ֮󣬲ɵôЦ
̫ɽͶǼ˷ܣһ磬ǸеԺ
ǣһȺڼػǶ۹꿡ܡ
Ȼһ۹Ҫѹ۹Ϊҫ۵һ۹ˡ
ҵҪʲôսȻܹ޵СѧԺĵʦغߵֻ۾˼ʡ
ҲƮƤֽȻԶǵʵȻԿƤֽս
նɱһնɱնɱնɱȭնɱʡնɱлʡնɱʡ
ųɼս㳡϶ʱһƬѻȸ˿µš
ǹϵƤֽϣһҫ۵֣˸е٣ЩҶɱˣһһǿץһߣ߶
Ҳ̫ˡ
һ̣ѧԺĵʦҲ𺳵˵ˣŴͣȻ
λʦҲ֮С
ҶսķţҪ𺳣Ϊ̫Ʈ죬սȴеģܵҶǿ
ʡлʡʣһһǿţÿ˶ݴ½һĵһţȫҶɱˡ
˶һ֪֮ݴ½Ҫˡ


ʮ Ժ


713 µĿʼ
㳡ϣȵĿҶϣҶ΢΢¶һ˿ЦҲ޷ٵ͵ˡ
̤ն£ҶһѧԺʦǰһĻʱλʦףԼѧԺעλǿԵˡ
׻ѧԺãȻˣǺΪ𶯣ػһλߣֲʴʧ
ѧԺЩźû뵽лʾȻҶɱˣǻһʣҲڳܷΧڡ
ȸѧԺϻʣջ֮У̸ʧ
ΨǿѧԺǰ˭ţεջ񣬽һλߣһ߶ûУֱԺеס
õѧԺĵʦһ԰ףҲûټҶˣΪһȥ֮϶ҪѧԺĸ߲׷ΣҶ鷳ûˡ
ңҶ츳һѧԺҲһССĵʦ鷳ġ
Ҫ֪ܹڷ֮ػ÷ŵţֻҪԸ⣬ʥҲΪͽһССðġ
ѧԺĵʦֻܰҧгݣһĲģԹصҶһۣؼԦսȥˡ
׻ѧԺĵʦҲΪҶɱʣûкˡ
ѧԺĵʦҲǺҶɱлʣǽڱʺҶѹϵǿһк
ʵǲںôֱ࣬߹Цϲˣ񵱳ɽϵԣߵһط޵һط
һԵĽ̫ɽͶƺٺֱЦ
ҶҲЦЦ漴ȭ֣ص˵أ
֪һ𣬿ºܾòˣЩźϾֻͬȼţеһ˿Ĳį
ӣϣʼ״ЦҶ켷˼۾Цٺ٣ǺܼܿˣӣҶЦĶˣȲ˵ˣʱ֪ˡ
ҶһԻ֮УʹЦصս˦˦ƨˡ
ͻȻɵˣҲɻ
ǳˡ̫ɽЦ
һԵѧԺʦԹЦ漴Ҷǽ͵ԺһģȻб˴ϵķʽҲȥǷħˣԺڣҲһڷħصĵطԺѧԱд裬ǵʱȻ档
ҶԶʱȻҲѹֱһûԭ֪ڷħصĵط
Ҳԣʥ˿ִƷħأôΪʥͬȼԺȻҲӵֵط
Ҷ첻ɵðԼ׳գȻСԺܹݴ½ǧ꣬Ժĵ̣֮лҪ¡
Ҷ֣صĹǵ֮·ŸոտʼԺһᳬԽġҶ찵ҡͷʱϻҲ˹ҶĿУ˾ս⡣
ҪŬˣҶЦĿͬƥս⡣
һţµľûж֣ΪͣͲǰֻǿָѹ·ϼǰ
ҶڴԺϻʡǵ˶еţȻԺȴδء
ϾǶӵж츳ֻҪԺصܿͻ۾б
ңЩţս𾳽磬ֻгΪʥЦ
λۼҷʥʾʱ˵ȲҶ죬ϻʡҲȲϣȴΪ˷ʥ
˵δ󣬲ʥ磬˭Ҳ˵׼˭Ц
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΢Цϻ֮Ҷ쿴ųԼǰİ꣬յˣڵİˣԵЩӡ
֪ħصǸ˾㡣ߵ˵
Ҷһ㶣漴һ֪ܿߵ˼ˣԷΪħֿµֱǻ÷ŵš
𣿡Ҷ쵭һЦҲϣҲϣΪӽ֮󣬱ڤҲ϶ỳġ
ҶЩЦǣο϶Ҳᱻǣϡ
ͬΪţҶпħôͬҲпܣڤҿ϶̽顣
һҲΪԼֵһ˿ѹ
Ѿɹɹһˣٻں棬ϣܹȫɹɡߵ˵һ䣬ˡ
ҶɫӵĿȥں㲻ǵˣҲ㲻ѣҲ㲻ϡ
ϵرӡ
ʦ硭ʦ硭ͻȻԶһϤ۵
ҶͷȥʱЦˡ
Ĵͽ̣Сһӵǳ˺ܶ࣬ѾһˣһΪҲﵽ۷壬ʱ
ӹԲԣûкúҶ̵СԴЦʵ
ʱ㡢桢ҲˣǵΪҲ
Ҷ֪϶ѧԺĵʦָˣмس˵ͷ
ѧԺ涨ѾѧԺһλˣӵжɽͶҲһѧԺΪµԺӡѧԺĵʦЦ
ҶЩˣû뵽ӻЩȨһҲΪ̵˵ˡ
߰ɣս˵˵ؾѧԺҪһʱ䡣ѧԺĵʦ˵գ򴬲գʼ߶ս
ҶһһսͬеĻţһҶкԵ÷ǳ顣
ѧԺѾûˣÿη֮غѡѧԺŶ١һΣҶĸвѡ˼ѧԺ
ЩҪύҶ죬һϴܹͽˣҶҲþܾǣԳ۾Ϊɱչˣ򷢽̫ɽͶȥύЩš
úЩҲ̱չˣϾܹ֮صţǶѾ˰벽۾磬һ֮أͿԳ۾硣
ûãһɹǿϢ֮Ļһɹǿĵ
㡢˿ð̾ЩȻȲҶ죬Ǳȴǿˡ
ѧԺĵʦ֣Ѿһɹǿĵѹſˡ
һֻذ֪ЩСһܲܳһʥѧԺĵʦһɹǿĵοϣҲһ˿
ЦҲ֪ҶһܹΪʥġ
ǺǣѧԺĵʦЦȻҲҶ츳ԳΪʥ֮·ѿʱ츳ǿܳΪʥ
ĻԺʥӡӣһô࣬ôܾͳôλʥ
ţûгʥ磬˳Ϊʥ·ϡ
յ֮УΪﱻɱ˱˼츳ɱˡ
ݴ½ȱţÿһкܶҫ۵ţܹȴ٣ܹΪʥľ͸Ϊϡˡ
ϣܹɹɣѧԺĵʦҶķһۣĬĬ߶š
ѧԺѾûܾˣܵĴѧԺĴѹԵۼҵıνǷǳѡ
ʱϣܹһλµʥ²ǷʥҲԼǵѹ
ϣҶˣ


714 
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һԺ󣬷֮صϢҲ۹ʱһƬȻ
׵ľǵţΪһ֮ǰ౻Ŵѹɣʱһ𷴹ѹţʹõֱӹرɽˡ
֮۴ּ⣬ԭزһҶ죬Ϊķأֱٿ
ۻҶ콨ͬʹһͽٺһֱӽ˺ϣǳ
Ϊ£סҶλǿţֱʣ۹Ҷˡ
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׵ĴԪ˧Է˷ۣ˵Ҷ츳ֻҪҲһλʥһλʥҪȡ۹õ췴𣿶ңʥҲǸȥ췴ôֻкôûл
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ǾҶ˵һǿţ޵Уȼ׻ѧԺǸ߻Ҫ
˵һѧԺӣǰ;

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߸߷ɱ˽ܵм²֪֪֪ʵԭѧԺûôĹģЩǺѧԱġ
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ѧáҶԵ˵ͷ
ֲᣬҶȻ֪ݣԺЩ벽ʥʦȥԺѡһЩѧԱΪˡ
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еЩʦĹŵһǵĵλͣһЩҲҵ
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Ҷ̧ͷȥԼԼ䣬һλ׷ӣϥһŵ̨ϣĿ
벽ʥΪഺˣλɱʦȻģȴΪһͷ׷ⲻԵЩײ
ҶһζλɱʦĹŹƢЩ˽ˡ


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ͬһɲ⡣Ҷǰľɱʦ뵽
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һԵԣʱ𾪣û뵽Ҷʾ˷֮츳ȷֲѹܹ޵С
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Ȼﵽ˴ɾ硣ͫһɵþ֡
Ҷʾ֮Ѿˣû뵽Ҷ컹֮˴ɾ磬⡭һλողżѧԺ
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˵գɱʦ˵֮䣬кܶ෨˵ǧӦǧʵϣķԶԶǧ
ҶһǰϸĽⷨ򣬲ɵԡ
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ڣ˾ɱʦָ㣬Ҷͷ·һ˫򣬽١

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ԲӣߵķǽһҶķ޵УҾ޵иǿħӦҶ졣ǰλڤҵĳҡͷ˵
ֻǷţóѣԱ˽һҵһ޵ʲôֱҾǵʵ÷𡣡λڤҵĳ˵
ڤҵļԳΣħ֮һΪ֮صĳɼǲ˵ѵģ˶ӵʵҪľǣһЩԺĹϵ̽Ҷ˭ħ𡣡
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719 
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ˣÿ춼ȥʦˡ
Ϊӵ׷ߣûʸֱѯʦֻÿȥЩʦɽ壬ȴǰѯʵӣȻһ
һȻЩ鷳Ҳջܴ󣬲Ǵ춷ʱԽԽˡ
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νıڣЩռѧԱʵ˲̫࣬һܵʦָ㣬ٶȻܿ졣
ʱڣһЩǿţͻһЩƽӹ룬ΪǱһѧԱ
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ڷ֮ϣѾﵽӵҪˣ󲿷ҲһԲķ֮ѡ
⣬ҵĵѾﵽʮףеӻҪߣЩʥˡ
ΪҲﵽļȻЩӻЩ࣬ѾǺܴˡ

ҶϥԼĹ֮УĿŨŨţ
ȻŽѧԺʱ䣬ջȴԶԶ˼ʮꡢϰĿˣ츳оѧԺĽˡ
ҶҲ֪ӽ쿪ʼûЩˡԺֻʵʵ̶̰3
Ȼİʱ䣬ҶΪĺļڶûдﵽֻ˵ǽ֮ǰļΪȹˡ
ϰ°ԱȣҶЩӦоЩƣٶȣ֮Ҳ޷弶
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𣡡ҶԶʱˡ
磬Ҳǵģ統ڷ֮ɱһȺߣʣµ߶ˣô֪ЦǺǵ
һԵƲ죬ҶһۣԹ֮ɫڷ֮ɱôˣôͰŷԶɸʣˣڰҺˡ
Ҷʱβѣ֮ǰɲʶǸŷԶɣɱôߺ󣬷֮ʣµ߶ܵ͵콣¶ˡ


721 
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ԭڵңŷԶɵŷͬһ۹۹ڣŷҵҪңŷҵ
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ҲôãѧԺôţƾҪΪʥӣ֪ҪáǸղȴ֣Ѿ˷֮ȻûԲҲ˴ɾ硣УΪȻѾﵽ߼ˣҼֱŽѧԺһꡣĵ˵
ʲô߼һʱ͵߼̫ɽͶƶʱȻ֮ɫ
ҶҲһš
ȻһʱﵽļҶ֪ΪԽߣÿһҪ̫Ӵˡ
ŷԶɾȻһⲻòˣ˵ŷԶ֮ǰڷ֮رֲôǱʡϻʣҲٶȰ
ҶɵĿ⣬ЦǻǲѧԺǿҲѧԺû䣬ѧԺĴѧԺĲ࣬ѧԱ٣ҲѧԱʵѧԺԴĴѧԺܶࡣΪˣѧԺѧԱŲĴѧԺ
ǰɣô󣿡һ˼飬ô˵ѧԺҲԺ֮һû䣬Ҳ˶ٰ
ҡͷ̾˵ǳΪӲֻһʱأȸ䡢׻ѧԺӣȴʱ䣬ǿѧԺӣʱ䡣֪ŷԶΪеĵһӵĽʱ䣬һӵаʱʵ֮⣬ûеĽΪʲôѧԺôżеԭˡ
һԣҶ졢̫ɽ˶ʱˣȻ󰡣ֱװ
Ҷ죬ΪԼΪ֮صǿţõĽǳʵϣõĽȷ񣬶̶һھ˵ȥˡ
ϧںŷԶһȣֱƽ͹Ĳ࣬˵ʵҪѧԺĵʦ̫ĻҶ춼ҪѧԺˡ
ѧ㣬˵˵ѧԺѧԱĴѧԺѧԱʵǶĲɡҶ̲סʵ
̫ˡ̾Ϣһ˵ȴ˵ѧԺǿĴѧԺλӼҲĶ֡ڰ׻䡢ȸѧԺӣʵѧԺʵѧԺʥ൱
⡭⻹Ĳܴ󣡡̫ɽһ
ǵӻԷʥӣҲ꣬˭뵽ܾ֮ǰԺѧԺǿڣȴûˡ
û뵽õѧԺȻû䵽ֵزҶҲ̾Ϣѡ
ֻҪҴڣѧԺһᳬԽĴѧԺġͻȻе
Ҳôá̫ɽЦŵͷг˼ᶨһ·ҶǶҶԽԽˡ
ԿЦҡҡͷҶ츳ȷһѧԺ츳һλʥȫ˵ԺǷʥˣҲҲһţֻЩص֮УһϸµŰɡ
ôǿƲɴ۾
̫ɽҲһԺҲˣʥôʥأôţȻѧԺӱȥˡ
ǰǺųѧԺһǿӡݵ˵
ȻѧԺѧԺ鲻ãѧԺȴʮֳݣΪҶŮˡһŮˣȻѹͷϣΪǿӣǳѧԺӡ
ǵۼҵλǿ츳ǷֵõһλʥָӴԴʵ벻ǿѰҶ찵̾ԷʲôȱҪ츳츳ҪʦʦҪԴԴһõģˣ벻ǿѡ
ҶȻĽУȴ˾ս⡣
ţֻҪʱ䣬ԽѧԺӲ⡣
գҶЦŶ˵ѧ㣬ȻλŷԶ̫磬ʹǹȥҲѵһ¡
⡭Щԥ˵ǰȻǿѾ߼ˣΪ̫ˣȷܹ
ҪΪҸҶúսҪ֪ڷ֮أˣһֻСָҶŵ˵
ǺãɣԺۼ׼дԣҲԲμӣѧԺúҶţҶǷ֮صķţжʱ˲١
ŶԺڣô˵ʡϻҲˡҶʱ۾һϲɫ
̫ɽͶҲһϲɫڷ֮Ҳύ˲ѣǷͬѧԺεǿԾһۡ
Ȼڣѵǲ֪ڼԺһе̫ۣǴͳҶһۡ
ĴͳҶȻ
ҵ˵û⡣һԲ̫ɽҶôԵ֪һЩϢ
˵ͷ̾ͳĴѧԺ֪ѧԺȴΪÿһѧԺףÿζĴѧԺѹ̧ͷԷǳҲͺˡ
ǿԷˣΪҴڣУûܹѹͷϡԶʱ˵úҶƵġ
ˣҶһʱ۵ö죬ġ
̫ɽһԳǸŷԶӦòҴĶ֣Ǹ߾Ͳ˵ˣϾĴѧԺԴѧԺǿˣҪǸҲȴΪ߼´Ҫˡ
Ҷиһ˿ء


722 ۻ
ߣҶûСϾ߿һλʥǿߵںˣˣڳΪʥ֮ǰǿһš
Ϊߵ·۾У𾳽УʥУ߶Ѿ߹һˡ
˵ʥ綼ûһƿ츳ǿ˼ѾһɲĵزڼͷҲҪǿ
Ժ֮УЩӡʥҲҷԼһܹʥ磬ȴԣΪʥֻʱѡ
һˣҶôҴ⣬ԼԺĶ֣λѧԺ⣬ֻʣˡ
㵹ǿԷģǸҲһ£Ϊ弶ֻһֻǲ֪ǷѾ˷֮˵
ڷ֮ؾѾ˷֮ˣֻǲ֪ǷѾԲˡҶ϶˵
𾪣һҶڷϵ츳Ѿˣû뵽ֳһߣһһһ
ԺУһ񱱻ʡϻˣǷǳ䶯ˣŷԶҲһһš
һУʡϻʶֻǣŷԶǶɡ
ԺУ˶ǳעһصעҶˡ
˭δԵǿߣ϶ߺҶˡ
һεۻᣬ˲ΧۣһЩԺۿˡ
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ߣǹȥҸط¡Ҷָǰͤ˵һЩˣǷ翭ʽܡŴ١ӵˡ
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ѧ㣬Ƕҵѣһ¡Ҷһ㶣Ϊߣɵ˵
ЦҡҡͷѵûпΧ˶ѧԱֻм䡣
ҶԲɵɨΧһۣȻһ֮ЩվΧսĶѧԱмĶ
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ѧԱǣ۷׷ָĿⶼҶ죬һƬѹϻʺͱʵս
ǸҶ죿
˵츳ǳֲǸ
ϧѧԺҪѧԺ츳ڶܽʮˡ
һűѧԺ̣ˡ
ҿȥѧԺҪѧԺѹʹˡ
֪ڵʵΣҪϸ

ѧԱ۷׷ףһЩеӣĿ⣬һҶ¶ɨһ顣
˶ڹעҶ졣
ҶԴѾϰΪˣЦݵغͷ翭ŴЩ˴кϤʽܡҲ߹Цӭ
Ҷ췢˺ܶˣӾӡŴ١翭˵пЩˣȻв˷֮ء
ԴˣҶûἰǺѧԺͬʱеľս
һУʺϻʵΪﵽ弶Ҷһ֮ϧֻСɾ磬ȻǲŸո򲻾á
Ѿ˲ˣϾǲŸոսԺһʱ䣬Уһ֮ھ˷֮
ǣǲ̫Զˣ翭̾ϢѧԺУǵˣ˸еܴѹƽϷʳĿޣǸϲЩš
ԺԭڹţֻͨˡܹУѾǵˣϾܶ˶ûлԺŴЦ
ҪԴԴҪʦʦֶкܶ࣬л۹ûеġʽܵͷǰ˵Ϊ۹ҵ֡ǵԺһǿҲ˲ѡ
ҶЦŵͷһʱ䣬Щ˶ѾϰѧԺ
Ժڣܴ˿֮ʢУϺ˻˷ʱ䣬ڿ̿С
ǿ쿴ҪֳʤƺȻе
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ҲҶ죬ɣҶʵѾʺϻǿˡ
ҶЦ֮ǰڷ֮صʱϻʾʤһڿ»ǿһЩ
ȻҶ컰֮еıʺϻڷֳʤҶԣϻվǿһЩñʸܡ
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Ҷֶۻ𣬹Ȼ¶ˡʹЦһҲûʧܵĲġ
Ҷ֣ڷ֮ƺûкȫֹȴҵʵϻȴ΢΢ɻ
Ҷһ㶣漴Լ׳գϻʽֵħɲܱ¶ݣЦ˵ҵлһսҵġ
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˭ҶüͷǵУһҲϻʺͱʷѹ
Ҫ֪ڷ֮أҲֻߺҶܹѹʡϻһ˭ơ
ʺϻʶʱһŭص˹ȥ˵ݣʱ¶Ц֮ɫ
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ԭѹΪôߣҲ㻹ΪѧԱءҶԻȻԭ˾ŷԶɣѹΪߴ߼
ŷԶɣʱҶɱˣѧԺȡͷǲǾԼӲˣͲ˷ˡߵ
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ŷԶɶʱǺ죬켥ʿյĿҿѾߵĳƺţǸϽ˰ɡ
ԿбһҵâǿϢʱϯռ䡣
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723 Ű
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ۼвѧԺҪ˶þͻᱨСӵδܼѰ

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һǱʣѾ½Ƿ֮صĻߣ֪ǿߡ
һŷԶɣ֮ǰҲСȻȲϱʣҲ˲õĸ֣ΪѧԺõĺܴĺôΪһٱǵ߼ʵС
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ҾһѧԺĸС޿̣һ֮ȭŷԶɣȭͷϻһ֮
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˵̫磬ɱҲྫܵ㴴ˣһ¾ָܻҲʮǱ
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ܺãҲ뿴ѧԺôʵεȵزҶߵ
еǣʱĿһ˷ܡ
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ŷԶţ˿Ҳܵһѹɵôʮ־׼۷壬ʩչȫս
෴ҶҲҴ⣬ԷϾ3һķ֮ʵѾǳӽѧԺˣȻС
Ҷ죬ǿϧˣҪ㵱ѡѧԺΪҲֻļŷԶɵЦ
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ŷԶɶʱܵһɾ޴ѹûдҶ죬Ҷŵˡ
ϻʲЦܹ޵еţ־ᶨɽƾҲƻҶֵľ״̬ȡ衣
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ͬΪǲʧܣһΪҲʧܡ
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䣡
Ҷ˿ŷԶɱҶһȭɳȥ
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ΪϻʡƾҲͬһսҪ3㶼ûʸҳ֡Ҷм˵


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ܣȻһԲķ֮
찡ŽѧԺһɣȻѾһԲķ֮⻹𣿡
̫ˣѾӵʵΪʮҲԶˡ

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ЩǻãǱ;ҶǳֲЩѧԱǣˡ
ѧԱоܾˣȻ֪һļѣǷǳҪһԲķ̫֮ˡ
ܶѧԱûгɹЩǣҲͽһԲķ֮ѡ
ҶֻѧԺһʱ䣬ȻѾһԲķ֮츳ʵ̫ˡ
ŷԶҪˡ˵
ХȻ£ǱϾ޵񹦣һԲķ֮û򣬺Ѱ޵񹦵ӳ
û뵽һУȻһԲķ֮

ڶѧԱǵۣеս֣Ҳ˱仯
ҶһԲ֮չ֣ǿֲŭڱסˣʩչХŷԶɣѾƣߣҶȭͺѪ¸߿ա
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УҶͬһ飬䡣
һ̣ЩѧԱǣҲСЩˣǸɫǳ۵꣬ܵ˺ܴ𶯡
Ϣķ̫綼ˣѧԱǰۿ


725 ׻
һƮ죬ͨ˴ﵽ𾳽ʸ򣬼ԺţҲ۾ܲ
ܶԺѧԱǣ˼ʮ꣬ûһԲ֮
ڣһŸոռԺһȻѾһԲķ֮
̫紫Ժ䶯ˣҶ֣һα֪ԽԽѧԱʼעˡ
ڴ֮ǰҶȻڷ֮ط޵УôţҲֻһոս۵ЩǸûа£ΪǾҶҪ׷ǻҪܳʱ䡣
ڣһ֮Ҷ죬Ϊ⣬ѾЩƽ
ӣԺעҶˣһЩʥӣҲʼҶصע֮ˡ
ҶŷԶһսĻ֮ΧսѧԱǱһȦһԽԽѧԱǸӶв١
ȻһʵѾѧԱǸеһ˿ѹ
ҶˣѾһЩѧԱǣӽˡ
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ҶʱȻѹѧԺԴô٣ѧԺķʥܳȥѰұѧԺķʥܳȥѰұҪһһȥ֮䣬ԴȻԶԶѧԺˡ
ϱ̾ѧԺˣ㻹û˵İ׻ѧԺΪʲôͻȻûأϻæ˵
ɫλ˵׻ѧԺλʥԵ޹ʵʧˣˮˣűڵİ׻ѧԺȡ
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ˮˣ϶ˣ϶ѰұʱĳЩܾ֮СҶ˵
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û뵽ʥҲһ죬վܳѳƬذϻʸ̾
Ҷ찵ҡͷΣһξ칬ĹҲ񣬽ɱˣħǰǿ󣬶ӽˣǱ˷ӡˣڶ޷
ֹҲյ㣬ֻϹʱΨľ𣬲Ż֪յ㡣


726 
̫磬Ժۻʱ򣬸Ҳڹעⳡۻᡣ
ЩʥˣҲһЩ׼ʥأ޴ڣԼԺڲһ
ԺôĹע˭һУ֮صķء
ңҶһԲ֮ϢעԽԽˡ

ţû뵽һôţԺӰԽԽǿˣʥҲҪصһһˣԺȥˡĳʥأһϵ
ԴϹĩһս֮ݴ½˼½ڵţ޷ϹʱȣһȻţǸϹʱŵħѵݴ½һָϹšԶʱĻԻ𣿡ĳصطһϵķնڲ
һڰԨ֮Уһλ֪˯õǿڻ۾˫⣬͸ǳ֮⣬ǿա
ѪħҶСһ˵Ǹ״𣿡һ·ԶźİںڰԨ
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ڤҵĳϽ˵ûᷴˡ
ڤҵļһɨˣ˰֣õ󣬲ſ˵ĿǰõϢҶħļ󣬲ǸߵСӻûг֣ǻȿʵΣٽ׼
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ⳤϣиҸ㴫仰˵
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Ӧ֪ǰʱȥ˷ħءû˵ͱһԵˡ
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һԵ˵˽ħӦǼҸ㴫һ仰˵㻹ǲǵǸ֮Լˡ
ǲǵǸ֮Լˡﲻ߶ţȻ۾͵һϲ֮ԼѵСӣ
һԵⳤϣʶǸħ𣿡
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ʶֻʶѶѣ˭֪ħðġ˵ʧˡ
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϶ǸħʲôϵһԵ϶˵
ħǰѱڤҵˣҪ֪ⳤħйϵ»ǣǻڡĵ˵
ֻҪǲ˵˭֪˵
ͬʱѾֱ˲Ƴɽűȥ
֮ԼǸСݴ½Ȼôˣһλ˵õŴӰЦ
ΪħҶ죬ΪҶʶһ˲õأϾǸʱҶ죬ֻǱʮ˹һСһôܴʥ˵š
ʱ̫磬һӲԶû˵˵Ŀⶼۼϡ
˾ߣֻţҪݴ½һ𣿡һѧԱ˵
֪Ҷȣ˭ǿһЩԱ˵
ͤУҶ졢ϻʡƺоվԶߡ
֮صķţһˡ
һ̣Ҷھ칬սʱǸͬһѩ꣬ͬݡ
ֻǹȴˡ


727 
һĿ⽻̫֯磬Ŀ֮Уһ껺бһɫĺۼʣµĳʡ
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ߺܿջ˳ҵѪɫâҲʧˣ˵ĿȻûƿض𺳡
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ЩѧԱܵĴڵǣоһΪߵʵѾԽǡ
Բķ֮ѾӼˣʥжǿˣѧԺҲֻӲԲķ֮λʥҲԲķ֮
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߰ɣҲҪŬˣԽ£˦ԶͿˡһ뿪̫硣
ԽԽѧԱ뿪̫磬ЩǿѧԱһܴͷȥˡ
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ҶɨΧһۣҡͷ˵ǴģҹҪ˶ã鷳ˡ
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Ҷ΢΢һЦԺԴؾЩؾȻΣգȴҲ౦Ϊˣ߼Ժ
˵ĲҶѾ⣬ֻҪȵԼΪﵽƿȥЩΣؾ̽̽ܿʵ
㻹һӣֵطȥΣգЩѧԱҲֻеʥӡӼ𣬲ŸҽȥҡҡͷԲ֮ҲҽЩյءΪΪֻ弶ѣȥðյĵطʵΪ
ܳԽ㡣ҶЦ
ںһλʥ꣬ҪȥֻҪѧԱڣ֮ܿûҪȥЩյؾðա
Ҷ첻ͬҪ򣬻ҪΨһ磬ֻȥЩΣؾѰһͻơ
ҪԽңΨһ˵ţ漴Ҷ˵֪ںϵλʥ𣿡
Ҷжʱһ⣬ʵʥ𣿡˵ʵҲܺ棬λںϵʥ˭
ǰ׻ѧԺһԺŽ𡣡˵һЦת̤նȥʧҶС
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ͤУҶеľƱ𾪡
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֮ǰϻʡ˻ڸ̾һΰ׻ѧԺķʥͻȻأû뵽λǿ߾Ȼںϣˡ
ѹ߽ٶô죬ÿμʵ࣬ںϵһλʥ
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ôܣ
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ڤҵĴУʱѾҳһˣ˶̫紫Ϣˡ
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ڣǻ𣿡ڤҵļ˵
һڳ϶ʱ֮ǰǻڿ϶Ҷħھԥˡ
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һˣҲֻħôǿܾơ
ֲ̫ˣԲ֮Ҽֱѹʥ
һȣҶ̫Զˡ
һڱڤҳϳ͵
ڤҵļҲ˵ͷһҲͿԿ϶ˣ˾ħ𡣲ڴڰ׻ѧԺ׻ѧԺѧԺôû䣬Ҫɱ»Ҫӳ顣

һΪߵʵеʱҶֵѾ˳̫硣
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ô˵ǲ̤ݴ½ʱһ׷ɱǣ߸أǲǱɱˣǱ˦ֻҪһʱ䣬϶ᳬԽߵġƼᶨ˵
߲ͬڱˣǵһμʱҶܺһս֮ÿһʵ࣬ʵɲⰡ̫ɽص˵
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Ҷ죬֪Ǻηʥ̫ĿҶȥҲ뿪С

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Щһαһǿңһαһοֲľݻ٣ЩɫħѪҲѹĲð
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ҶЩȣ֪·ϧҡͷûбϣ̫׵Уȴûпκεϧ·Է֪һɹƵġ
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738 Թ
֣ҿǲ̫ˣƾһ϶żҶϸһǿ鵹ĵʯɵƲƲ죬Ųأֻһϵ˵ѡ
̫ȴһ˵Ҷ֣ⲻͨĵ㿴ûУͷһڡʷֻһλŮʣλŮÿһ죬ȴҲûгֹһŮˡ
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Ҷ֣ǲȥʲôԹˣΪѾԹ֮ˡ̫˷ܵ˵
Ҷˣ֪˵ЩʲôԹѰԹڣ⻹Ƿ̰


739 
ѰԹڣȴ֪ԼѾԹ֮У彨Թ
Ҷ֮̾ɫǻ۵ȷǽԹȻڲ֪䱻С
̫״ʱԵ÷ǳ˷ܵ˵һԹ˵Ĳûдȷһż
ǣڱ棬ȥˡҶ췭˷ۣ̫׵ڶ˵ӣʱЩ
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̫ȴһ򶨣ɷ˵Ҷ֣֪ԹΪŲ㡣һ˵ֻǵزӵоŲԹԹʥжѡԹסֻԹ
Ϊʲôô϶ҪŲģǾͱˡҶһû뵽һԹôʥס
Ҷ֣ȲҪģЩĹģҲֻ֪ԹˣԹĵطŲԹֻһǵأֵطǳ̫Ц
Ҷһ򣬾һҪԹѵҪȵ𾳽ӳȥ
Ҷ쵱ͨСеߣϼһʱ䳤֪һЩ顣
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ҶʱʧˣϼһһΪһĴڣ͸Ӳ߳Թˡ
СӣϷȻǰ֪һԹǸղϷӦռ䲨Ҳ˵ڿֻڵһԹ֮СԱСԣԹĻǵҵڶԹڲС߳
Ҷ۾һߵĻܴæ˵ǲΪǿռ䲨֮ǵڶԹڡ
ߵͷԹȷǿռ䲨һһطûһĻ
һ硭ҶһǸʯɣھڵڶԹ֮УѾԹˡ
ô죿а취׼ȷҵǿռ䲨ĵط𣿡Ҷ漴ʵ
߹Цô򵥵飬ϷȻ԰õѰ飬ǽСһɣǸġ
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ҶڨڨһЦæܹȥǩһϵвƽԼŰС
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Ҷ쿴úЦһʵ֮ǰСһôûз
Сһ˵ΪѰȻܹһΪѾҲˡԹеı϶ǿ࣬Сһôš˵
ҶšѰСβͣ˵´βʲôҪһʱң͵ˡ
֨֨Сһʱצ
Ҷ漴СһųС磬ʱ̫׻ĴѰңлֹţһеڶԹڣ
Ҷ״һЦ֣鷳ˣæˡ
ţǣ̫תͷһ۾Ϳ˷ҶԱߵѰ󣬶ʱ۾һ𾪵Ҷ֣㾹ȻѰ󣿡
ৣ
̫׷˹ϸشѰ֮ɫСһһҲԹ˵طɵһȥѰҵڶˡ
̫ĽҶ֣ãⶫǳѰˣʲôﶼˡ
£ҲԸһСҶЦ˵
˰ɣǳѾܾˣûѧԺˡңұͺ̫Լһ뿪ǳģڻ֪ҵȥᰲĵġ̫ҡҡͷ
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лѣһСĵġҶл
˵Ѱ󣬳ǰһĽȥһԲεĸ¥Ƿǳ׳ۣѾưˣҲڵơ
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ҶЩĽؿһۣ漴ȡɫ󹭣ȫңһ֧â貵Ĺʱɫ棬ɢֲϢ
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̫Ҳ˷ܵȻǳɹˡ
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ۿܵĿռһ飬𺳷ǳǿңҶ̫׶ؿţֿռѵ֮С
ǰǳ˵ռģȻû˵ã̫׻ָ̾
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Ҷ˿Ǵڶ״ֻ̬Ե
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ֶ״̬£ߵľ񶼻ﵽһܸߵĵز򹦷ǲ򣬶״̬
֪ҶǲڲǵĻôķһҪǿˡ̫װ뵽
Ҷ츳ͬǿ˸ղſռѵһĻҶˣȴûУ츳Ĳࡣ
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ͻȻҶϴڳĵâѪɫɱ¾֮һɫɷ֮һɫ֮
ֻһѪɫɱ¾֮Բ磬֣ʵ֮ǻ
ַ򣡡
һԵ̫ױˡ
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Ϊߵޣһַ򶼺ѽʥˣ˷ʱȥķǾʹǲʥˡ
̫û뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼַʵ̫ˡ


740 
ԭǿһ̶ʱ͸ʵıʣա
𡭡
ԭˣ

ʱҶ죬ȷڶ֮УоԼ˼չһ˵ĵزܶ෨ϵⶼõ
ˣҶٶһµķ򡪡
ʵϣ˾תսҶ죬ǳ飬ֻǽǰˡ
Ҷ֪ܿԼڵ״̬Ǵ˵еĶ֮ˣ֮󣬲ûмо򣬶ǻعŴ˴δûԵæɱ¾
ҵĵڶɱ¾֮ԲˣҶ˷ܵ뵽
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̫ףҶϱĵڶɱ¾֮ۿɼٶȳɳţתʵ
Ƭ֮䣬Ҷһɱ¾֮ͽԲ硣
ʱҶҲ˶״̬һ˫ȭӳ˫֮ʱɱ¾֮
һԵ̫׿ðͷҶҲӦˣûаѶĻԵ˷棬Ǽǿɱ¾
̲ס˵Ҷ֣һޱߣҲܰһַȫôڲַ֪ҵԪޣ˷֮ϣźġ
ֽѵǣղҶĳҲŽ֮ҲӦˡҶ˵ͷڻԥ
ǲῼǵģǵȷ˷ʱ䣬ɷ֮أĻЩġ
Ȼڶ˵ҪĻɱ¾ΪѾɱ¾֮
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ҶּȻףĳҲͷˣǻǿڶԹôƽɣ̫Ե˵ͷҲֻһҶһǵѡ
ҶսĿͶܣʱһƬռѾˣ¶ռͨޱȣ֪ͨΧд򶷵ĺۼʯɵϢ
ʯѾڶԹˣԹǲһˣΣա̫ص˵
ռͨӦֻһͨԹ·ڣд򶷵ĺۼȻһߴĻΣյġҶųϸ鿴еռУȴĿռɵˣͬʯ󺣡
Ҷɫʱһ䣬ޱȵ
һԵ̫𾪣ȻҲʣʯӦһһ˱飬ҵԹڣҲͲд򶷵ĺۼˡ
ʵǿȻΣյȴκβȴѧСһԿҶšѰѡ·
֨֨Сһԥһָָмһͨ
̫׼״üͷһ壬һɣ㿴򶷵ĺۼ࣬ʯӦþΣҲ˵
ҶҲͬУѰ󣬵СһӦòƭңҲʯɹɵĺۼϵ
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˵ʮ־裬СĽ̤мռУǵȥһʧˡ
ڰУŸ֣⣬Ѥʡ
ৣৣ
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ǽڰռѾԶǿĻ֮𣬽Ҷ̫һûˡ
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ˣҶ̫Ҳ˲أ˰ûмʱ޷ָˡ
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Ҷ̫׽ʱѹסˣȻûȫָҲǿһս֮ǰˡ
ҲûʱǻָƣϾ˭֪ʯʲôʱͨ㣬ʱǾˡ
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һԵ̫裬˭֪ʯɻû£ǰĽѵҲСĽ
֨֨ѰָŵŽ˽С
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ৣ
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ৣ
Ҷ۾һԼԭĵطڰĿռ䣬ƯڰУ⡣
ԣⲻǸղҶͻȻеûбըĺۼȻǸղ
ӦѵһԹˣɣûȷ·߸޷ͨС̫Ц
ҶʱЦˣΪʲô̫ôˣԹԲʯɿڶʱͨġ
һԹãΪѰ󣬿׼ȷҵ·ߡ


741 ֮
֪ԹѴ֮Ҷ̫׳װˣͬʱг˼֪ûѰʯɣǾԲڶʱҳȷ·ߵġ
֮żıעǵˡ
˵·ǳѰ󣬿ʼһһšÿһιţ־ţ˾ҹ˼ˡ
֪жãҶüһԹĹҲ̫˰ɣûѰĻһҲҲ׼ȷ·ߡ
̫Ե÷ǳĸˣЦ˵ԽԽãʯɾ͸Ӳҳ׼ȷ·ˣһûм궼߲ˡ
˵ѧԺǵʥӿѧԺӣ߲ȥ϶֪ͨǵʥӣҲץʱˡҶ
̫ɫʱһͷ˵Ĳǵʥһһ˵һЩκβǡ
֨֨ǰѰָһŽš
Ҷ̫׶һۣһǰһԽȥʱһҵĹâϯŵǻΪʲô󷨣æâɡ
찡Ҷ֣쿴
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Ҷ춨ȥղǹɹâǴ󷨣һ޴ˮɢŴ۵Ĺâ˶۾
һɫˮ̶ɣǰɫˮһ˫۾·Ƭ貵ǿգӳǣͬȻɡ
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˵֣һżҲؼӰɡҶ췭˷ۣЩ
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Ҷ𶯣̫Ǳ˵˼£Ҫħˡ
֣֣ѣҶȵ
Ȼ̫ûлӦȻﺿޣһ˿˿ɫħʼͷð
áҶɫһ䣬ûü룬߶֮壬һƺ̫ףǿ֮ʱ̫ڵħȫչ
̫ͣ³һѪɫ˲԰ףȴָ峺𾪵ؿҶ죺Ҷ֣㡭
ʱҶ챻ɫħƣһɿֲħϱͬһ޵еħ
ͬʱһ޴ħӰҶ󣬺һģһ
̫׿޴ħӰ۾ʱһһ˫ʲô۾·ڰħԨһУ궼ڲ
䣡
ͻȻһɳҵĽɫâҶڱɢħ޴ħӰҲȻ¶Ҷʵݡ

Ҷ쳤˿亹ʪˣղŰ̫׻ָѣԼħˡ
̫ʱҲԼղŵľգмлҶ־֮
Ҷ˰ָ֣е㣬ɻ֣ǣ
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Ҷ쾲ţһα˵Ĺ£µǾ̫׺һˡ
ϹʱһȫΣǣΪ˱һ˿Ѫǰ츳ãѪһ㹫ӡһ֮ء
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ʮǰ㹫ˣһ뿪ǳޱ޼ʵĴƮȻ漣̫ס
㹫鴿࣬Ϊʮ棬ֻ̫һ۾ͱˣ棬Ҳڲ֪
ϧʱ̫ûڵʵһ㹫뵽һʥµżУΪԴһʣʵ
˭Ҳû뵽Ǹʥû䣬Ȼ̫ףΪ˱̫ף㹫ΪۣٻһŮ飬شλʥ
ѵ
Ҷһ뵽ںϵλŽʥ
λʥķžǽ𣬿϶ڽϳɾͼߣԶѡҲֻѡ񽣵š
̫׾һţλʥҲ֣ϧ㹫شˡ
ѡߡ
޳Ҷ첻и̾û뵽лİ
̫ظŻм˵ӣ飬˵ǰңص￴һҪҸҴ˵صλáҴ˺ܾãѧԺһʦǳ
Ҷʱˣѹ̫׻֪˵أҶһ֪ࡣ
ɩӲϣõżеıǿʵҶ̾
̫û˵ǰ׳գԼԸ
ҲĲ
߰ɣǽȥҶ̫׵ļ˵
̫׵˵ͷԼӷŻСУȻҶ첢ǰ׳۵ˮ
͸ģǴȴ棬Ҳˣ޷̽ӡ
ĴǿŵģҶ̫ɵؾͽȥˡ
һȥͿ˾ţ⣬ڴϷ
ôﻹйţҶɻؿ̫ס
Ҷ֣˸㣬ﲻͨżһĵڶأͨһǻҪͨԹִһء̫˵
ô˵ǰһˣҶʱˣŲԹסʥѰָ·½ȥҲҪ
ʵСѾ˵ˣ۾ֻܽǰԹ𾳽ܽԹʥܽԹıѾǲˣֺαٽȥðա̫˵Աƫ
ҶҲȥ
䣡
Ŵ򿪣һ󱦹ϯ֮Ļл
Ҷ̫׵ͱסˡ
ǰģʮ걻ӡʥΣɢҫ۵ı⣬óҲӡˣȻסǾı⡣
ó
⣬ŽӲӵĵҩڵڵҷɣŴ򿪺ˢһ¾ӳȥ
̫ۼ⣬һ۾ϳŵҩݣҶ֣֣ŵۼһžһΪ


742 
ʲô
Ҷ۾ʱһƬҲ룬ͳһž޴̫ͼסſڣȻʩչڵһС
ŽӲӵĵҩʱסˣǺܿͳƿš
Ҷ̫״ʱѾ׼һ֣ŵҩӡסˡ
֣û˵ⶫĿһΪҪ֪۾磬ʮҲδܹһΪҶץסŵۼЩɵؿ̫ס
ΪոսԺҶ죬츳ôߣ޷ΪϺЩѧԱȼ磬Զ˵ܹΪûʲôҪˡ
ԣҶ㼤
̫׶ԴҲᣬҶֱ֪࣬ΪѹƵĲˬ飬Ц˵С˵һһλʥʦƶɵʥרΪãֻж߼µãôСܶˡ
Ȼˣ鷳һھͽҶԱȲϥ£һھһŵۼɫĵҩٽĶ󣬶ʱͬһ̫貵Ľ⡣
Ҷ̫֡׶ʱЦãû뵽ҶôＱҲҶĸܡ
Ҷֳţ̶ʱھڷһǿЩѧԱȴΪΪ̫ͣЩѧԱѹƣȻǳˬ
̫ǰҲָܣֱ۰˼֮󣬲ź˺ܶࡣ
ڵΪŵۼȻܰһΪҽ׵۰˼Ӧް̫΢΢Ƭ̣漴Ҳϥ£ҩ
һ̫ױҶһһ貵Ľɫâ
ÿֲһŵۼȵʮʥεˣʥʦҲֻʥǿ߲ܰôֲѹһССĵҩ֮С
ڱĿֲҶǼǾ̾
Ϲĩһ֮սݴ½½ʧǿߣʧ
ֵۼϹʱԺ߸ʥأܵõ
ڣʦûˣʦҲûˣʦҲǳϡ١
ЩΪʧȥеԵʣؼʧķؼʧʦؼʧʹԽԽϡ٣
ʦ˵ΪؼĶʧʦһķǳСˡ
Ҫ֪ϹźԶʱʦʦǷʦܺ߱ȼ磬սһ㶼ǿ
ڣûЩؼʦһ÷ǳС֮ͬлϲߵĶ֣ԺŵУûһʦ
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ԣڵҪöҩͷģֻͨһЩżѰ
ȻҲЩʦƵҩƵĵҩҲֻܰʾѡĵҩѾǼˣûжʦƵĳɹ
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ͬʱ̫Ҳ۾һҶϱǿϢ֪ҶΪˡ
ȻƬ̺ҶҲ۾̫׵˵ͷȻһŵۼҲȥ
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ʱһ߼ǿϢҶϱһ˫ӣ˫Ŀ貵⣬ԡ
߼
ҶվڵĿֲг˼˷ܡ
̶̲һʱ䣬ʹļ߼ٶȣ˿ˡ
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Ҷɨһ۴Ϳһɫ̫ףͬʱҲԱߵһǹһѴ󹭡
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ҶɨܣȴҲûзıֻʣʮʥκóˡ
û˿źҶ˷ܵջѾܴˣм£ı޾͵ˣ뿪ѧԺһˣĸ۵ļһսң
뵽Ҷв¶һ˿ڴ
ʵѧԺʮӣÿ԰춷λƶһһܵǹ͸ˣʺϽ̫ɽ
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ҵһûˣϲˡҶЦŹֵ
ͬϲͬϲҶΪ
̫Ե÷ǳˣΪһǿĽߣϣһıˣӵˡ
֣ѾõǾ뿪ɡҶ
̫׵˵ͷ漴Щʥκͳüʮʥǿƽ֣ǳȴţˡ
ȻǺѣڱ棬ҪģϾֵܻҪˣֻ˹ϵ
ҶЦ˵ɣҪʮʥκһóʣһһ
ôУһóļֵʥǿˣҸղѾһˡ̫ҡͷռҶˡ
ֵǶ˶ģҶ԰Ц˵ֵУȲѽ԰ɣ
̫׵˵ͷߵǽȻýٺãҲʺ
Ҷ˵Ҳ֪ߵ·Ҫٿ飬ʥڹؼʱ̿ԾҿܹԪĳǿˡߣղѾõŵۼѾռ˱ˡ
ðɣлҶˣóһҪ͸̫ӣͺƤˡ̫Ҳپᣬֻǵл
Ҷ찵ͷܹѳˣ̫׵Ʒеȷֵһ
գҶǰѴ󹭣̫˵Ҽ̫ҲǹģǹҲһ͸ɣ
д⣬лҶֳˡ̫м֮ɫ
˵żıСģϾ֮Ҷһʸȡãܹ˳ҶѰ
ܵ˵ռ˴˵ģϾʲôûг͵õô౦
Һ̫Ҳѣ־ͲҪллȥˣǻȿôȥɣѵҪԭ·أҶ֣˵
̫ЦҶַĺˣһ尮úƽǽԹҲֻˣΪ˷ѡʵֻҪͨԹԳȥһߵƫУгȥĴ󡣡
ҶԶʱϲ


743 Ӳʯ
һԹȻʯǱҵҪʲôż
Ҷ̫߳ƫʱһ漴һϤӰǵ֮С
ʯɣ

Ҷ̫ͬʱ𾪡
û뵽ʯɾȻܹô߳ǸԹ˹ȻѧԺʮ֮һ
ôܣ
СӾȻһ
ôܣ
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ΪѧԺӣĵߴʮĽףžԲڲ߼ҶԵֵġ

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˵ʥӲܲ޵ʯɷֻӶѣôӵ޵񹦣Ҷв⣬ʱûʱ룬֮ƣ
˵߲ˣʯɽ׷ϣһ֧ɫĹбըըѪ
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Ҷ죡ʯŭѣ漴һѪɫӲ԰ˡ
֮ǰѾ˺أҶƴ˼УƼأȻǿʩչХ죬Ҳˡ
ҲֻŻҶ죬ʵϣѾûɱҶˣֻؿҶߡ
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ҶҡͷӦòʯɣƱǻҪأʱ޷ָҲûô챨ǣҹΪɽɱˣѧԺı
пܣѧԺѧԺȻǰҲкܶײһЩͨѧԱ˫ӻǱ˴˿Ƶģλӣ϶Ҫǡ̫׳˵
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ĻҶ̫׶ʱһŭӡ


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İԣʲô˼ʲôʸϳΪ˭ȨȻʥӣûʸ񡣡̫״ŭ
һԵҶ۾һУĿ˸űĹâϵİԣԷѧԺʥ֮һʵ»ʯ֮ϡ
ȻǶ𣬵ǶԷҪϳΪ̫ˣΪҶ̫˵ϳΪɱǻҪܡ
Ҵ»漰ѧԺӣҶеһ˿ͬѰıУ°תս壬衣
İԱ˫֣£Ŀưɨ̫һۣ˵ûȨӴλѧԱ֮ףִԺԺгͷǵȨȰǻǹԹ־ܣǱѧԺɱ⣡
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СӣԼİԿҶ³ɵֻ
ҶûóһʥΣָƣɹ˼٣ȻһαһʱûôʱİԷϻ
İԼ֮ҲˣвЩںȻɲ÷ȴ˺ܶྯ裬֮ǰôٴˡ
Ľڶ׺ѪһǱ
ҿɣҶʱЦȻҲѪǿİǱӣ͸езǳʹ졣
ɶ񣡡İ־ŭνѵСˣæóָʵ
ҶʥΣʥεǳӴȻܵ׵ĺƷԽԽˡ
ڽ׺֮ҶֱԭΣشѪҵĲٲˡ
ȻһߵİҲܣԺʥӣھ֮ҲܵشǱ
İԴʱѾ˲ҶˣٵѾЩˣֻſָʵֵס
䣡
׽ٶ£ҵĹâǿգڲ֮˺գһɹƥܡ
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̫Ҷ춥ž޴̫ͼӭһףȻǱ뺣ףʩչƬ
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֮ǰУΪǰ׶İԹɲΣգҲûã衣
ףȴԶǰףҶץסᡣ
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̫ͼ飬һıҲ飬ס֮
һߣİԸң׺ݺݵغڱ棬Ҽ뺣ףܹģ֮
Ҷ죬㡭
׹ȥ֮İԻѪس棬ŭݵصҶ죬ɱ졣
֪ԼղűҶˡ
ŭ졣
ߵױȸղŵĸǿҶֻǵ˵һ仰ͰİԸҭסˡ
İԲòѸٻָƣ׼ӦĵߵסղŵĵѾסˡ
Ҷ򰵰̾İԵʵ̫ǿˣղҲشİԣԷʵʵֲ̫ˡ
䣡ߵž޴Ĺâˣֲѹõ˽Ϣ
Ҷ첻òջ˼߶֮壬һ޴ħӰ𣬻ħס
һߣİٶʩչ޵񹦣һɫ񶦣ӭס
˶ȫˡ


747 ֪
ޱߵ׺УӰӭս٣һ֮սֲףŻǳըĲ
ߵ׵ԶҶİԣ˺֮С׵֮ȫڣ챻ˣΧĺˮˣ¶һƬյش
׽ٵನȥ֮ںףþòܶһǶľˡ
һ˲ŻָӿȵĽƣһƬоˡ
ٵֲ̫ˡ
ףһҪŹȥҶٶȡһʥΣʩչ֮壬ɻ޸˵
֮ϣڰ˵Ѿȵ׵֮˺գɢױȵ綼ս
İɫЩףڰ˵֮ܵв滹еھŵף֪ôŹȥ
СҷģܻһҪɱСİԶݺݵصԶҶ죬к޵ҧгݡ
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׺񱩲ϣһը಻Ҳ֪˶ãЩ׵֮ɢ¶һƬˮĺ
Ҷİ˱뵽˵ص׼Ʊһߣİֻ첲ˣ۵ò԰׵ֱ¡
Ҷң˫۲ˣҰҲݻˣɫ¶һǣͷųԣסС
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Ϊѧ˲֮ҶҪһЩСȡһʥΣ߶Ͼ޸
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İԿɲʲô֮ʯ飬Ҳܿͻָ˫ۣǣû֮壬ȻһЩĵرȴҶôƻָҲˡ
ʱ˲ó˴ˣ˴˿һ۶ңȫƴָƣΪھŵѾڿˣǿֲ·磬ǵ궼ڲ
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Ƭ֮󣬵ھŵڽ٣˽ƵȻڲ֮ϻγֻ޴׵ƣҶİԺ¡
ҶİԶˣû뵽پ˱仯һλִӡһ룬֮ǰٸͬ
ҶİûСΪǴ׵иܵϢһƾܹҪǵС
Ϳ漣ˣҶٶȡһʥΣڶȴûǻ񵶣նž޴׵ơ
һߣİʩչ޵񹦣ȼվѪ߶񶦣Ҳӭ׵ơ
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Ȼ׵ƵǳֲֻһģҶľâİԵľ񶦡
ҶİԾĿУǽס׵񱩺ը綼ǺһƬ
Ҳ֪˶ãߺӰӸ߿е£ȻһֻɫСץסһӰԶ
һӰںף֪

ѧԺһϵĴУâһһ˳֮ɫ
̫ףҶأΪʲôֻһˣϷİԽȥôֻһ˻
һ˴ؿǰ꣬ǿشʥ
̫ףһ㶣漴ɫ䣬æ˵ԺˣİԱѧԺǵģɱǵģҶסҲز
̫зǳŭԭѧԺûгͷǣİƭǵġ
飿ʥиһ˿ɣϵ̫ף˵ҶסİԣҶŽȥһ꣬ʵƺûôǿɣ㣬Ȼ˵ڶԲ֮Ҫ˶ãѧԺҪһʥˣҪûİԣϷİɣ
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Ŷʥһ˿ɣ̫˵ҶǳСżǶҲ̫˰ɡ
ϸ˵İΪҪɱǣʥʵҴһʥӸ
̫æ˵İ˵ɱѧԺӣ˲ѧԺѧԱ䣬˵ӵҪϳǵΪǻִԺܳͷ
ʥйâһ˵Ƿӵ𣿡
Ӿʵ̫æ˵
ʥĬ
֮һɽʥһ񣺡ʦҵ£
̫׶ʱЩȣʶѧԺһʥӣֻû뵽ԷȻʥĵӡ
ʱʥָ̫ףԻ˵һǳؽҶΪʦȫԲ˵һë
ǣʦ𣡡˵ͷ
úǳϳӰ̫׺ꡣ
֣ҽһ֪ʦ˵Ҷںδһɨһۣüʵ
ҲƬİԣҶסİԣûӻѧԺȡ̫Щ
һԣüͷĸˣ̾û뵽İԾ£˭֪ҶѧԺϣԺҶҶ֣οҲȲ
˵ָʹģҿӼҶֵ츳ų֮С̫ߵ
ԣһࡣ


748 ħ֮
̫׺һ׷Ѱսĺۼһ·ҵҶĶɽ֮أȴûзκټ
֣׵һܣ¶ɻ֮ɫ
̫һȻ뵽˵Ҷɽٵ飬ѲҶҲ١
ֿԺܴΪҶİԵĶ֣пٶԸİԡ
գ̫Ǳ뺣̽ɨ֮䣬ʱһϤӰ
İԣ
ӺһҲӰʱ
ʱİԣǳңѾȥֻʣһϢڣβܣҲ˶á
̫жʱԽ϶ˣҶ٣׼ܾˣҶأ
̫ĴѰңһӰҲЩѵҶ챻ûɢˣ
֣ȴİԻȥɣʱѯһץסİԣɹ˵
̫ƳİһۣĿгɱ⡣
֣侲㡣̫ܵӿֳɱ⣬һ˺󼸲
̫ɱ⣬һԭ·ءзǳƣ֪˵ĻͲȥ̽飬ƾİˡ
ڵãҶûҵİһ
Ǻ˲ǧꡣ
ѧԺϵĴУһâ˸̫׺һ
⣬ʥ⣬һλʥȺڴ˵ء
ţҶأûҵʥƳһ۵ϵİԣü
İԵƺأƺǱ׽ģô£һλʥӻ֣һƬ⣬İ֡
ʦԺˣҲȥʱ򣬾ͿİԣûзҶ졣һ˵
̫ڵλԺ֪Ҷߵǿ֮·ÿں֮󣬶٣Ҳ²϶ٶԸİԣֻڶɽ֮زûпҶֵӰ
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İԣ㵨ӲСλԺ˵棬˷һȵ
̫һЦİˣڵãİԼˡ
ʥһλʥŭ
Ժˣҡİһ㶣漴̿˲ԶվŵλԺ뵽Լ֮ǰĻʱһƬڣһʱ䣬֪˵Щʲô
ʥȵİԣҶأ
Ӳ֪֮Ҿͻˡİʵʵ˵ͷ󺹣֪Լˡ
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һλʥһƺ£ǿʥ͸İԵ壬ڵꡣ
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һ˵İĳţϵΪɱҪǧٱ
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ڣѧԺ˵µľǱƳһλʥ
İξȻıɱԺҶ죬ʵԼԹˡ
һԵ̫Цж񱨣ߡ
һİԴִԺѺΣ˴˲λʥߵ
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̫ҡҡͷ̾Ϣȴû˿ͬ飬ȫİҵġ
̫ףαֲҲ˵ڶԲ֮İԿճʥ֮λ̳Сλʥٶ˵
̫һϲҶİΣæ˵λԺˣҶֲ֪գǳѰ
²ˣҶǳɱѧԺӣѾѧԺͨˣһǳǣɣѧԱҲȳǳλʥҡͷ˵
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ȥɣúҶ£д㡣ʥ˻֣̫׾ʧɽϡ
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ϣ˰ɣһλʥ̾ϢһӰɢ
ʥŹϵĴ󣬻۾֮С

ǳһδ֪СϣҶɳ̲ϣȫźɫħ֮С
ͻȻӰ£¶һݣȫ¶ں֮У̧֮䣬ɢһɭħ
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ʲôǴ˵еħ֮ӣ
Сģǵħᱻȫɡ
˼ӣ̧Ҷ죬ʧС

ңԶǳһƬںɫ֮еż͸¶ɭħ
һ޴ĵ죬ཨȻЩ¾ɣȴȻ¶ƣԵúܲ
ʱҶϥһɫħ֮УΧվħŵӣһ󣬽Ѫħء
Ҷ֮ԶתγһڶϵħصѪҺϵҲһֲֿٶȻָš
Ǻųʮǿʵ֮壬һܵشˡһλ߾̾
̫ϳϣ˰ɣһɫ԰׵˵
ΧħŵӣҲɫ԰ףȻʧѪ࣬Ƕ۾ǿߣˡ
ߣΪħ֮ӾǵĸʲôҪħ֮иһǻ벻뿪˵ˣߵ
ӶʱЦֻܼ߶ѪҺħء
ʱҶϵȫָһɾħϱϯħΧȫɳȥ
һȺħŵӵ˴룬ʣµҲɫ԰ףǿħ۾Ҷ죬˿
ǱΪ̫ϳϵҶ£˵κͬħ֮ӡ
ڳɵ¼ħ֮ӣҲæ¡
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ҶԺ۾ͼǰһĻɵȻгʺš
ʲôҲڶɽİأʲôط
ҶЩͿˡ
䣡
ͻȻһҫ۵ĺɫĹҶϱֱ񷣬ɢſֲϢ
Ҷʱһһɷ֮û뵽ʱԲ硣


749 徳
һºħźɽһɫɽ嶥Ҷ컺ΧɫС磬һǿϢϯȥжһƬƣͬо˻һ
Ѳк󸣣˵ĹȻûд֣ҶЩܲ
γħλѪʹҶ֮ǿʢˣżϾ֮䣬һɱ¾ĳ嶯
ҶԼħԽԽˣȻⲻ֮壬ǵΣʱ̣֮ȻԶת塣
ѹֵħΪضħ֮·Ҳ޷ֹ
ĿǰħԻ޷Ӱҵ־ؼȥҳħΪ֮ƣֻǿ־оһЩħĹҶа뵽
ɲ뱻ħԿƣǿħ棬Ҳֻһŵʬѡ
ħ֮ӣԸ飬̫ϳѾˣ˼ڹȥڴʱԶһǿߣضҶ˵
֪ˣȻȥɣ˵ϾҶֹͣ˼˻֣վ
һµ˽⣬ҶҲ֪ħŵ
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ϧħ汻칬ϹӡħҲܵɵΧķҡ
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ңҶҲλ̫ϳϿе֪ߵ𾳽磬ѾûΪȼֻ֣ʵ֡
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ܹﵽ̶ȵݴ½Ҳ٣Ƕʸʥ֮λܶʥǴǵеġ
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һ޵񹦵ĻҶͲİԺʯˣǴƽˡ
Եʻᱻħ֮˾ˣҶͻȻ뵽ħſ϶ħĴб˵һ޵񹦡
ⲻκͬ鿴һµĹϵ伮ҵһ˿
ҶϸⱾ鵱УһЩħойħŴбļء
ȻдбҶʱϲҲԣħ֮ԿԺ£ħһˣħ֮ڣҲ˲űʥвˡ
Щħħǣħȷ˴бл޵񹦡
бﲻǳаħء
ҶЩơ
ħ֮ӣħܵݴ½ɵ׷ɱֻɲǳħ䣬ħŵһλ̫ϳϣһϵһֱ̫ϳΪֻǸɶѡ
κͬ˵аħǹħħžŴ֮һĵλ̫ϳ֮ϣб϶Ǳȥаħء
ȥаħأЩ˻İѴбø𣿡Ҷؿκͬ⡣
Ȼ۷𣬵ǱҶôӣκͬĶͷʱһ˿亹
ҲܹСʵҶ֮壬ħŵӿǳǿ󣬶ǱҲҪҶ뿪ǳԲŶҶмӵġ
κϣô˵ˣΪħŵ̫ϳϣλЩ˼϶аħصĸ߲һǣôҶ쵭˵
ЩκͬĶУȴͬףŵæ


750 ֻ
УҶ쾲ؿŹڵϵκͬ⣬λħŵ̫ϳϣʱͷ亹սս˵
ǲ֪ˣǾشɣ˰ҶջĿ⣬ŵһ
һħŵӶʱ߽ڵϵ̫ϳϣͫ׶ʱһŹظҶ
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ħŵӶʱȥˣҶ˵һ䡣
κͬȻڵϣҶҲûãڳɵ±
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ûʲôԸֻһѣ̫ϳ޷شң֪ɷ֪Ҷ쵭˵
ڳɵ԰κͬһۣȴκͬڵϣͷ
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֪Լû취Ҷ죬ֻ
һжΪҶӵ֮塣
ɣǶɡҶ̧̧֣κͬڳɵһȻͷҿҶ졣
Ҷ콫еĹӸڳɵ£ʵ˵ȥаħأЩħŸ߲ôԴң
ڳɵʱѾҶ˼˵ħ֮ӣǧܽаħأϹʱħȻӡڣǲҰôħ汻ӡô꣬ǵľη֮Ѿʧȥˣ϶ƴħ֮ӡ
κͬڳɵ˵ˣʱҲֻʵʵؿ˵ħ֮ӣ֮ħŵӶпãǶʥħǿ߾ˣаħصоͻħʥڡ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ʵ˵ͬЩħŵӣΪЩħŹħ洴ģΪ˿ħţڹֽţħŹˣᱻ֮ѹơ
κͬڳɵǿߣֻҪҶһ߶֮壬˻Ͼͻ־ˣҶɲвᱻҶɵһɶΪҶġʳ
Ҳħ洴ЩĿģΪħǿ󣬶Ǹṩʳѡ
ħŹĵӣԱ֮ɣΪָƣֱǼƷδҩ
֮ǰҶܵôصƣЩħŵӵѪ֮ƾͻָرˣ˲ʵ
֮ҲǾԵѹħŵӣҪΪҶΪ̫ͣ۾磬Ըκͬ⡢ڳɵ𻹿ԣǶԸʥͲˡ
ܹΪʥǿߣһһţȻҲħ⣬԰ﶼһЩֶֿ֮Ρ
Ҷʥôƾ֮ѹǣһۣ֮ѹһλʥǼֱѰ·
ڳɵ¿˼Ҷ죬˵ħ֮ӣЩħʥһֶκҪ֪ӵ֮壬ǻ壬ȡ֮
ʲô취ҵ֮𣿡Ҷʵ
֮ǰ׼ȥаħأħŵӵݻȥԶħǿߵ׷ɱܳû޵񹦡
ڿӵ֮һаħأһᱻЩħʥɮġ
²֪ħŵֻҪһͻᱻ֪֮Ҳסڳɵ¿Ц
κͬҲҡҡͷڱǰڸ֮ףħŵǰҪڸ֮壬Ǿͷǳˡ
ɶѵע޵Ե𣿡Ҷ첻ɵ
ߵ޵Զ۹ʱ޷뿪ѧԺԵò
ںòħ޵񹦣ҾѧԺڣȴǵò
Ҷ춼ˡ
˵ֻҪΪѧԺʥӣҲܲѧԺ޵񹦣ȻԲ֮Ϊ߼û޵񹦣ЩʥӵĶ֡
ʮʱƾ츳ƣԲ֮һԻѧԺʥӡ
ΪԽߣľԽҶ߼ΪҪΪǾֻܿһЩϹšԶʱļƷҩˣЩҩǳϡ٣
ħ֮ӣħ֮ӡκͬ⿴ƵҶ죬Ȼе
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ʲô㻹һ޵񹦵䣿˵ҶԶʱϲæչʵ
κͬ״Цħ֮ӣû˵꣬޵Ǵ˵еĴڣԹûҵõ
˵˵Ҷ侲һ£κͬԼҲûѧ޵񹦣һ޵񹦵䣬Լѧˡ
κͬҶ侲СȡһҺɫĹƬݸҶ죬˵ħ֮ӣһͷС޵Ĺףֻֻ֮һ
ף޵ĹףҶʱȤùһֹ࿴֣֪ʲô
ⶫ˵޵ʲôϵ𣿡Ҷ첻ʵȻ׺ܹϣܲĵĻ޵񹦡
ʵ˵ǲ޵񹦣Ǳ޵񹦸ǿĹ칦κͬ˵
칦޵񹦸ǿҶԵɴ۾
޵񴴳ĸѧҲ֪ϹšԶʱһЩʵԶ񡣡κͬ˵
˵𣿡Ҷһʵ칦𴴳ģ
ÿһλ𣬶ӵһŹ칦˵Ź칦ԶʱһλǿֻΪֻءκͬͷ
ֻأҶ첻ʵλֻΣ
⡭κͬԣЦ𾳽磬¿ԴģλڲͬһʱȻֲʤǾ֪Զʱɲֹһλ𣬶λֻ𣬾Զʱǿ֮һ
Ƭ׾ֻĴб𣿡ҶʱĿȵؿеĹϹס
κͬҡͷֻ֮̾һѣĹףҲֻһõĹŶѡ
Ź칦ΣҶЩʵ
κͬ˵ֻأͬʱ߶޵񹦣ޱߡȻ߶Ź칦ǼֱɱħħƥС
һҪõŹ칦Ҷ԰¶ģŹ칦Ҳ԰Կħ֮


751 ̫ǳ
Ҷ챻ֻŪģκͬڳɵ֮󣬱һǿƬо
ﲻ޵ĹףޱȵļӲԶʱ֣һЩֵķţЩҶԴ
û취Ϲʱ֣ʶԶʱ̫ԶˣϹʱҲҲʶԶʱ֣οڡ
ҶšѰָŹƬСһ˵ϸסϢҪԺͬһҪҡ
ѰѵûŹƬͲ֣һ˫С۾˸ǹ⡣
ҶһƣʱˣЦҲΪһϧֻ֮һҪܹȫҾܹһŹ칦ˡ
̾Ҷ콫ѰǿƬһӽСС
֪Ź칦ֻܿԺԵˣѰߣֻҪԺ϶ֵܹġ
ħżһʱ䣬Ҷ׼뿪ˣԲ֮㲻İԡʯɵĶ֣Ҳܹӳˡ
ԣҶڷǳţ׼ȻѧԺʮ˵
ħŵЩˣҶӦǣ뿪ǳԾͽȫһСУԺ뿪ѧԺš
Ҷ뿪ħš

ǳϿգһѧԺӣʮѧԺѧԱӸ߿зԶ
ҶϢ͵͵۲죬ЩȵطЩ˺ܽ΢΢һǡ
ѧԺݺǳ޵Уʲô飬ôżҶвɻǹѧԺѧԱЩ档
ܹѧԺѧԱ飬϶Ǽ򵥵顣
գҶһϢǺ档
Լ֮Ҷǵ̸֮УһϢ
̫ǳˣ
ѧԺ˵ġ
Ҷʱ𶯲ѡ
˵̫ʱһǳ£ƬƬűΪǳ
ǵǰƬѰǳʱȴָҲǳǵ˷Ѱʱȴҵǳ
ǲ֪ǿŶǳȻݴ½ϣʵռУÿһʱ䣬Ż֡
Ҷû뵽Լôã׼뿪ǳʱ򣬾Ȼ̫ǳĴ¸ȺѧԺѧԱ׼ȥǴ˵е̫ǳ
һʼҶ컹СĵΣǵǳ֮󣬾ͷΧԽԽ࣬ѧԺѧԱѧԺѧԱԼȸ׻ѧԺѧԱ
˱ǳѧԺ⣬ĴѧԺѧԱˣǧˡ
ЩЩѡǳƴԺѧԱһʵʱΧһ޴Ŀռѷ档
Ҷ˶࣬Ҳ±˷ֻ֣΢ıһòȺˡ
ԶƬϿգһ޴Ŀռѷ죬·ǱһӲƵãɢһɹɿֲĿռ籩
λѧԱԶԶģ±ȥǱϾһռ䣬²Ҳ
ңռѷһǳǹǳӴ󣬾Ҳֵס
Ҷ쿴ѧԺ׻ѧԺѧԺȸѧԺһЩʥӣԶԶģ̫
û뵽Ҳлῴ̫ǳˣҲ޺ˡһλ˵
Ҷ췢Χ˶ܼ
̫ʱ֪ԶʱǸʱһжûʷĳУ̫ǳǸʱΨһ֤ܹȷǲ˵ͷ͵
̫ʱʱݴ½ǳŨ񣬾ͨˣûκʣɵ硣ʥǲ˵е𣬶мʮλһݴ½Ի͵ʱ֮ɫ
Ϊ̫ʱĻԻͣЩµĹ似ٶȴԶʱĻԻͣϧȲʱź̾
ߣ̫šԶôԻͣҲѾûʱĳ֮Уڴϳȱ޵ڵ
ͻȻһӺ󷽺Ƶ쳹ա
˶ʱʧɫæͷȥȴһλն۾ﵹӳǳ˵嶼ɢҫ۵ǹ⣬һǿ֮
֪Ϊʲôڳˣڿ˺󣬶оһ磬·ԼǰǷˡ
Ժʥǣһľһͫ׼ء
һɨˣĿ¶һ˿м֮ɫԺѧԱҲˣһһˡ
һ䣬ڳ˶ŭݣһŭĿӡ
Ǹղĳʽ֪һλǿߣȥѵ۵ˡ
ԷôԺѧԱǼŭЩʥǡ
ѧԺǳλʥӣҲˣһĸߴӷ˹ߵǰ𾳽УСȻһ
ԣ¶Ц֮ɫ
𾳽ѹ۾磬ȷǲʵ顣
ЦڲŲھͰѾѹ۾磬ҺһֻԲܷ֮߹ʮС
ãʿһǰĸСѧԺʥԴһȫâɣһɿֲϢʱϱϯա
ȺжʱһƬѧԺʥӣϢʵ̫ǿˣͨҲˡ
ҶҲľǸİԱʿͲ̫Զˣ˵ѧԺʥӱȼѧԺӣЩţڿѧԺӿҲʿǿ١
ҶȴоǸ겻СʿҪԿˡ
Ȼ˶֮վԭزǹ֮Уֻһֻƣʹʿй
ڳ˶ˣЩʥǣҲɫȻ
ͬľ磬ֻͬԲ֮վԭزһƺɨ֮䣬ͽסʿĹ
ʿˣʩչѧԺ޵񹦣һӴıɢױȵ
Ҷ쿴ľͬ޵񹦣λѧԺʥӵУȴչֳ˱ʯǿ˲֪ٱĿֲ
ȻֻЦһХϹʱ޵񹦣ϧֻѧһЩƤëѡ
ʿԴŭס˵󻰣
䣬ֲƵ
Ӵֻ޴۾Եΰһ̳Ͼ죬һŭ
һ£ǳһɹɾκˣƷɵ˲֮ϡ
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֮Уռѷ죬һ޴ĲܵһػƵá
ΧսˣɿֲˣһȻ
Ȼڴʱһӭдȵǳƣ
ȻվԭأȻֻһֻƣӶ֮䣬һƬ嫵ǿգǷ·𿴵һſǳӲ֮׹£ư硣
䣡
ҶʱӴǳˡ
ʿҲش³һѪɳȥɫһƬҰס


752 ̫
̫ˡ
˶ˣһƬѻȸš
ҶҲһƬ𾪣ղһֲ̫ˣ·ǳǿ׹䣬һư硣
һŲХ޵񹦡
츳Ȼʿǿ޵񹦵ƿظʿ֮ϣԲôɾͻʿ
ǳӣǳǳӣ
ʿָŶ꣬԰׵ϳ𾪡
ΧˣǳֺһЩ֪ˣʱ¶֮ɫ
Ҷ΢һˣԭǳǿţǳÿһǿŶΪǳӡ
Ϲʱһλӵǳ֮źճ̤֮·ʼһ·޵е񾳽磬Ϊһš
λǰһɣ̫ţǾǳ
ǳ֮֮塢̫ʥһʮǿ֮һ
˻ҶһμţɵðԷܹͬɻѧԺʥӣ츳ȷֲǵǿ֮һ
ԭţѹôӶˡһλѧԺѧԱ̾
ߣҪӱչس𾳽磬šһλѧԺߵ
Ҷ΢΢һаȣû뵽ѧԺѾڳ𾳽ˣһҪ˳֮λˡ
Ҷ찵˼֮ʣȺͻȻһƬ
Ҷ̧ͷȥȴԶǵ޴ĿռѷУһȻ¶һǣͬһĦ֣շѹأĥռ䣬Ϣֲ
̫ǳ
̫ǳˣ
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˶ȥǳӺԺʥҲ⡣
ڰռУһŹϵǳйһ̫źİĲɣϢǳա
𺳵һĻ
һž޴ǳӵƽͬһֻ̫ûҫ۵ĹâǹΰȴĥΧпռ䡣
˲ؿ̫ǳֻܿһ֣Ϊ̫ǳĴ󲿷ȻռУֻһ¶
硢嫡ġ㣬̫ǳ
Ҷ˶סˣ̫ǳǿŴ׹µǳǿŴ̫浽ڵǳ
ݴ½ĵһ漣
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λǳǿǳӣȴһƷ˫ƻӶ֮䣬һɳҵǹ⽫֣ʹ˿
ǳڹĦǳ񹦣ѹǳӻǳǿһ̫ǳûʲôôȴܴ֤ѧ֮»ǿʵĽ˵
˼ҳС͵õõĵرǹõģôܱȵϡ֮ɫ
ҶϸһľǳӲʵ츳ܵ˾޴ѹ
ৣ
ʱ̫ǳͷųһɫĹâ˺գᴩδȥһɺ嫵ΰûء
Ư̲ס
ȷɫâҫ貣ᴩ˺ڰռ䣬Ѥʡ
Ҷ챻һɫĹâɨУҪ֮̾䣬Ȼɫһ䡣
ԱߵһλѧԺӾ̾ʱ֮ռʵܵ޴ʱ򣬻ʱ֮Уš
šҶһʱ˾ͻȻʧˣ޼
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վҶߵļˣȫɴ۾
ղ˵ǸѧԺӣҲţ۾ղǸˣôͻȻˣѵ𣿡
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һˣôͻȻʧˣ˭֡
˵УƺЩ˱̫ǳʱ֮ɨУҲͻȻʧѵҲֻ˵
ѧԺλɫһ䣬𾪵ЩĪȥ̫ʱʮֻˣЩˣЩˣЩȴһˣţ˭Ҳ֪ʲô¡
ô˵Ҳȥ̫ʱˣ찡һλȸѧԺѧԱˡ
ú̫ǳһʧռУ˵Ҳָԭ
Ҳȥˡ

šҶ߻ǸѧԺӵĻʱԼһػΪǹɢˣ˫ҲҲɢ
Ҷ챻Ŵˣ·˺壬ȴû˿ʹоǳ
úһţɢɫĹâ֪ͨ
ҶܵһǣĪ˽ȥ۾ʱһ˫˫Ŀ⣬˷ȫϡ
Ҷʱˡ
ͷĹˣԼվһ޴ļ̳ϣΧվΧ۵ˣԶһЩŹϷĸ¥γɲʴУһƬɽ硣
ҶһϢֱıأһ꣬ȵѧԺʮˡ
ҶЩڵǣΧЩ˵Ŀȫؿżָָ㣬۷׷ף˵Ļ
ҶҲע⵽ˣЩϴ·ƤսףȻ䲻ȴԵЩġ
ιʲôطôҶ¼̳һʵ˴ƤͷʵǿϢһλ벽
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ƺҲ֪ҶԼĻͷ겻ԴЦ
ʱһд
Сһӭ̫ʱ
Ҷ첻̧ͷȥʱˡ
ֻУϥһϵӰųҵĽ⣬һʥҫۡ
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ҶӾֵʱ򣬶ԷǰȴӦ
Ҷ첻ĵ̽һȴǰһƬʲô˶ûС
۾˾ǰ
̫λСһʱ䣬ɣ˵һָҶüġ
ҶҪ㿪Ǹо޷ʱоһӴϢԼӿ
һԣ֣̫ŵֺԡ
Ҷ˲ѧˡ
ֱ漣˲ѧ̫ŵԺ֡
Ҷ𾪵ؿգȴѾʧˣΧΧ۵ҲɢȥֻʣǸվǰĹͷꡣ
Сֵܣҽ̫֪ôƺͷҶļǿҶһ졣
ҽҶ죬̫磬ǿҶ˵
Ҷ죿δ˵ֻǹŹ֣ҼδУǿˣ̫ЦǺ˵
δˣ̫磬֪δҶʱ𾪵
ǰԴǿǳ׹֮δ˾;ˣֻܴһʱ䣬һ֮ǾҪȥˡȲ˵ˣҴȥҵλʦܣǶЩδȤˡ̫ٺЦ


753 ֻ
һ·ϣҶ춼ڴǿ̫ǳ顣
̫Ҷ֪޲ԣЦ˵ʦھŻ˵ǲͨǳһŴʱ֮ǳǳǳŹ֣ÿһʱ䶼緢ʱ֮ЩδˣǱЩʱ֮ģֻ̫ͣһʱ䡣
ھŻʣղλǰ̫ʦɣҶʵλɲǰڶ𺳲ѡ
ǰȴӦĴڣʵԿ⡣
ʱݴ½ޱأҲֻ޵ʳѡһ˻ʵĴ£ǲѹһ壬ʹԷٷչʦǵھŴ˻ʡ̫˵
Ҷ԰˻ʣⲻȻѾҵõ̫ʱļأ˻νȴǺܶ˶֪ġ
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˻ʣ䣬ֻʵǿ󣬵ʢ˲ʤΡ
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Ҳ˵ڵʱΣ̫ĩڡ
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ƺ֪Ҷ뷨̫ЦҺλʦܲͬߵ֮·һ·ߣҪķѺܳʱ䡣
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˵·ǳǿ󣡡Ҷ찵뵽
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Ҷ첻ЦҲ֪ΪһδˣͻȻ̫ʱ϶˾ġ
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Ҷ죬ֵ֣ҽֻأȻҲֻʥֻسҶ˵ͷָƽ
ֻأ
Ҷ΢΢һŶԷ˵ͷֻش磬ҿ෨Ϣ¶֪˼ַ򣿡
Ҷʦ츳ھ̫ţַʥģһʥ磬һλʥֻҲķš̫Ц˵
Ҷ𾪣ΪԷֻһλͨʥû뵽Ȼһλʥ
ǷʥںǾ޵еǿ߰
Ҷû뵽ԼȻҼһλķʥвɵü
ֻЦŰڰֵʦֹˣ֮󣬿ҺʦܼҲĶ֡
⻰Ҷˣֻ̫һλ벽ѣֻΪһλʥȻô˵
ҿ̫ӣȻԴ˲÷һﵽʲôô
Ҷֵܣҿƺر𣬿·̫Ҳǿ֮һĹȴʲͬȻЩײ࣬ʦû˵𡣡ֻضҶһ˵
ҶҪλʥָһԼ˵ʦֻ˹ûʱָңҶԼġ
֮ǰЩӺˣҲ˵˺û䣬ˣһԵ̫ҡͷ̾Ϣ
ֻԵ˵ͷҶ˵֮ǰЩƣ֮ǰַ򣬲߻ħԴֻأַڻڵľ硣
ʲôֻ㴴ģҶԵɴ۾֮ɫ
ǵκͬ˵Զʱڣһλųֻĸ˹칦ֻء
ֻֻء˾ȻǴ˵еֻ
Ҷ챻ˣû뵽ԼǰѰֻأû뵽ھͿ˻ֻ
ȻڵֻػֻһλʥҪܶܳΪ𣬳̫š
Ҷֵܣӣƺ˵ҶʦܵģѲ˺̫ȵ
ֻҲϲɫڿɲԶʱǸ޵еֻֻһλʥѣû뵽ԼԶʱзǳ
Ҷһ˵ҲֻֻشĴ˵˵ԶʱһλųֻĸһŹ칦ֻأ޵֡
ֻֻ𣬹û뵽ԺĳɾͻôߣֻԶʱСһ˷ܵ۴С
һԵ̫Ľ֮ɫæչʵҶֵܣҵĴ˵ô˵ҲֻصĴʦ֣ȲҲһûа
ҶЦ֮ɫ̫磬̫ʱ̫Զˣܶഫ˵ʧʱĳ֮Уֻ֪ش磬ΪҵõһֻشĴ֮
˵գҶʹСóǿ֮һĹס
޵Ĺף̫֮ʧɫ۹ȷһӾϳ˴
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ãããֻؿԽϲ˷ܵԴֻѾﵽ˼ޣû뵽滹ҶֵܣɸһĻţҸôأ㶫ҲߣҽڵֻشɣȻȲԺֻǿ󣬵Ҳݺʥˡ
Ҷϲ̲ס˵ֻش磬ԴطҺ𣿡
ʲôϵԵĻҵϣԺףֻأԴĹٶֻĴܼȥˡֻعЦ
ҶЩһҪԼ
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ҶҡҡͷЩ̫˾ôں
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ҶڸڴʦֵǺηʥˡ
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̫һ˵ţһߴҶɵһΰɽ嶥ϣһӰϥһʯ棬е̫þ
ǾɣҶ԰뵽֮ǰڷ֮أħ˵飬ƺֻǴԶĩϹŶ
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ʦ˵ĻȻҪ̸̸ҾȻرһ£ҲЩҪ죬Ҷֵܡ̫ԹЦתˡ
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׼ȷ˵δңڵҡǸʱڵѾΪʷδңԼҲ֪ʲôӣΪҪôЩã˵
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ʱٴ˵ɣδĳһ죬һһɣͽ칬ʱһҪ칬һ㰲ţϣҪ
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ҶЩżɻҪѯʾأ̫̫ǿˣѲôһ·һɽǰ
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Ҷ챾̫ҪԼ似󣬾˷ˣ̫ڵʵȻȲֻغ;ƷȻھŻʸƹûһʥ似
Ҷֵܣ濴ãҵƷֻһ裬ǾǾԵ߿У̫ȵ
Ҷ˾ѧϰټ̫ʩչõѧϰˡ
ֻ߿У̫һͷһƺ£ΧĿռ䶼ˣһ޴ӡɢųҵĽɫâסɽ
¡¡
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Ʒ̫֮ƣѧ֮һҪҶ෢̫֮Ҳ˵գ̫ҲͷߵҶ죬ͷɵмʩչˡ
̫֮ƣҶѹһôѧϰ似ΪԼǼƷ
ֻ;ȻļƷʦ֣Ǻ棬ּƷ֮ˣôûһ϶ûнӴĵԺлٿѧԺĹż
Ȼ̭ѣҶ첢ûзŹûᣬ츳ͳ̫ΪʩչѧϰٶҲȻܿ졣
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ڣֻҪ߶ֻأһʩչŹˣʵǿ
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ֻص֮
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Ҫ߶޵񹦺͹칦ǵֻزУϧڵֻֻǷʥûнŹݻ¡
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Ҷ쵭ʵҶ죬ȷѧԺѧԱʹ﷼
ţ̬Ȼ㲻ˣŽ񣬹ҫŵľ֮Ů˫ңﻹȸѧԺʮ֮һҪ˶ãܽʥˡ˫԰˵
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ô˵һҪлˡҶֱӳŵǳƬȥ
ߣС˲С˹´òлףȥ㲻Ҫ뿪ǳɣûи㣬ѧԺʯɾǸ͵ѧԺѧԱϹء˫ੲݵ˵
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ʮֹһҪǳѰҶ죬ΪҶȵģҵҶ죬ʵ԰ġ
ÿζʥֹ
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Ϊǳܻųһʯ㲻ѧԺǳλʥأҪ֪ȥ㻹ܻų𣿡ʥɸֵ
Ҷ̫֡׻û˵ͱʥһ߳ɽˡ
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ϧȥʮˣҶȻûгѧԺҲûǳ¶棬֪
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أˣҶСӵϢ𣿡Сϣһʯɡ
ع˵ʯ磬ҵõϢڱ˵Ҷ죬ǳѾҲһѧԺѧԱˡ
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ϧѾˡ
ǹɿֲĵϯ֮£һҽޱߵĺûСмʮѧԺѧԱȥֻʣ߸ӻţҲܵشѪɫ԰ףȫȻؿǵӰ
ÿֲĵѧԺʥӣҲûôֲĵ˵˭زǵѪֵؿǲϽӽӰ
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Ҷ죬ãҿ˭ܾȵ㡣ʯɷЦǿƲ㣬ſˣһ
ʣ߸ѧԺԶʱһȫǸӽɫӰԭҶ졣
û뵽Ҷ컹ţ־ֿ֣ͻȻֲõԤУԷ֪ʯڴˣҲȻеġ
ʱҶѾСϿգһƳʯ¡
ʯɣϴһ٣û뵽㾹һҾͳȫ㡭̫֮ƣҶһ̫ѧ̫֮ʩչĿʯɣСҲڿֲ֮С
һ˲䣬Űձ飬ֲ죬޴ӡԻʯѹ¡
Сϵ߸ѧԺӣʱоһϢѹȸУȫսá
ţƷʯͫһзǳ𾪣û뵽ҶʵôǿѧԺʮӣæһȭӭȥ
䣡
һ죬춯ء
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Ҷ죬Ҫɱ㣡ʯŭų棬ӡһͷӴıɢ̫źһĺѹ
ѧԺ޵Х죬һ¶ΣɢһƥϢǹ˾
Ҷ죬츳ȷСʵϧûѧ޵񹦣ȻҵĶ֡ʯЦԴҶһ
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һλʥ˵ȥɣˣ춷ѾˣڵʵȻҲ
Ѿ֪̫ͨףǺܿͻϹˣʮ뾡취Ҫȥǳ㣬췳ϷˡʥǺЦ
λԺˣİΪҪɱң֪أҶѾ֪̫׵飬Բģֻ뵽İԣʱгɱ⡣
ʥ״ҡҡͷİѾϳΪˣڱѺУѾܵͷͲҪˡ
ǵİ˵Ƿӵ֪ΪңҶ۾һУ֪İѾϳΪԷˣҲ֪İֻǳͷ񣬱ѧԺӡ
һλʥ˵ЩѧԺѧԺѹȣͺܴǲΪİԵƬ֮ʾͳͷȻҪսҲ棬Լɡ
ʥ˵Щʲôջû˵
Ҷ˵ͷЩˣİԺѧԺӿԵͷϳİԵΪ
ѧԺǳţҶѧԺͲСûֱӵ֤ݣѧԺǲᶯλǰ;š
Ȼ뵽ǰۼλʥ³ѧԺҲӶԸҶ죬ȫվ档
ҶԴҲǳˣֻҪѧԺƫ̻ӾˣԼᱨ
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ѧԺٵľ棬ֻƶСȥưɣֻҪܹһλʥѧԱˣϷҲںʥɱ˵
ϸ磬ԣһλʥ

һɽ壬Ҷ͸ӦʮϤϢԶ̫׵ˡ
Ҷ컹̫ɽơ̫ӡ桢һںѣеϿʶķɷɡССá
磡
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˼Ҷ죬Ǻܼǽ̫ɽͶˣֱϲ
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˺ƺƵ˵ע⣬ԺҲô󣬺ܿҶعϢ㴫ѧԺʱһƬȻ
ܶ˶ɳҶһˡ
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û뵽ҶȻܹŻ
˵ʯȻҶӻˣҶʵôǿ
ҿѧԺʮҲˣȻɱһŽԺʮ

Ժ۷׷ס
һͷ亹εΣҶһ˵ıӰæɻԼɽ塣
˿ǱӣɵóСӼҶ첻ڣ춷壬ҶˣҪùˡ
ܹɱѧԺӣʯߣҶʵѾﵽѧԺʮӵĳ̶ˡ
ѧԺҪƽˡ
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ҶعϢȴ̫ͨ磬Ժ洫ȥ
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̫׷壬Ϊӵɽ壬õǹ̫ˣǳŨ
ԴҶ춷屻֮󣬽̫ɽǾͰᵽ̫׷סɽҲֻ̫׺ͷССɷˣյطǡ
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ҲͶĿ⣬Ҷʧٵʮ꣬Ƕǳ档
İܾˣȴԼһżСʮҶǱżУֱǰŴȥҲ˶ʵҶһѣϾ̫ŵ̫ˣ˵ȥǳ𺳣˵Ŀ顣
ԣҶˡ
ԭˣҶֵӴֱǴ˵еĴѲк󸣰̫ЦԴû˿ɣΪóҶʵѾˡ
Ҳ׷״Ц
磬֪ôʯǹصģ˵ֲ١̫ɽͻȻʵ
Ҷ֪ʯɵסãԾûˣֱԵʯѾɱˣ¿²úͻᴫ˵Ѿ̫дˡ

ȫһƬѻȸš
Ҷɻؿˣȴڳ˶ɴ۾ţһ˵
磬̫ţˡãƵһڣ˷ܡ
ô˵Ѿʥӵʵˡ̫ɽȻ֮ɫ
ҶֵʵѾ֮ˣǷ޵еţĳʰ·硣̫״֮лָ̾
ʮҲҶ¼ԷǳҶĿ츳


758 ϲ
Ҷɱʯɣһžǽ̫ɽͶơȻָϾǸҶһ·漣̫ˡ
˵飬Ҷ̤ݴ½ʼÿһط޵һطƼķ֮أҲסҶ޵֮·
̫ɽƵѾϰˣҶʵЩϾοǹȥʮʱ䡣
̫ס̫ЩѧԱȴǷǳ𾪣츳ֽٶȣǰδ
ѹҶܹڷ֮ط޵С
ˣҲڵʮ䣬ʲô鷢ҶƼžʵ
˵ʮʱ䣬գۼǶڽ̫ɽǣȴǹȥҹҹѱвᷢʲô顣
ԴǴˣҶ죬ĺӳˡ
ԣ磬жˡҲæ˵ҶͻȻع飬ǲˡ
ۣҶھˮ˽̫ɽһɴ۾ţӣ
̫ɽЦزϵľˮ˵磬ǰսǿ߸ѧԺ˵ôɩһӣȴһʥĴˡ
жˣҶ۾Ȼɵϴϲ飬֪θ롣
ԣҶͻȻɫߵôܣôȥôͻȻжӣ
ؼǵã뿪۹ʱ򣬿û˵ûеϢ
ʱҲԡ
̫ɽ磬㲻Ҫɣǵȷӡ˵ôɩ˼ŰһͶܴ󣬻ñ޴һλʥѹסȴʥǿ߸ˣҲ˿϶ػϡ
漰칬̫ɽ⴫԰Ҷ촫
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Ҷգзǳ𶯣˼ꣿСӵǺηʥȻ
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İѾõͷҶھҪƽȰӵӽȻٺúüƻôԸӡ


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Ҳҡҡͷûмȥʵ޷Ҷһ


760 Ҷ
صѧԺҶ;ֱ춷壬ɵõϢƨƨߵظ˹
Ҷʦ֣ķԸѾսƽڱչ֮УҪܳսɹ˵
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СӣҿãҲںҶ̬ȣһ˻һƬڰС
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˵ЩӣϹʱһѧԺħշˣҲµǼбǵһִѧԺΪûдб޷޵񹦣˼ҾͰбｻǡ˵
ҶԶʱȻѹѧԺԱ߷ǳչˣԭһϵ
߼˵ħ汻ӡħҲǻܣµǼбҲǶ˻ѧԺ޵ˡ
ԭˣΪǰû˵һ޵񹦣Ҳټʩչ޵񹦣Ҷɻ
Ȼһλʵǳǿ󣬵ϾȣѧԺʥڵ֪޵񹦺󣬶ֻѡžŶ񣬵ȴ֪޵񹦵ʵࡣ˵
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һƬߵĴأɳĮһǷɳʯиɽӣѾһӰ
˷ǳᣬĿȴ·𿴴˹ŽδԵ÷ǳ䣬鲻ԽС
ǵҶע˵òʱȴֵطˣƺһڶԷϣһ̽ӡ
ߣҲ֮ŶȫԻɱħ
˻һ䣬˲䶯ˣ˫ӡһɫ񶦣ΧԻɢΨİơ
䣡
𶯣շ飬ɫԻÿһ𶼳˲񷣬ͷųҵԡ
ҶĿⷢһ̣оԼʩչ޵񹦣һжôϤֻһ˲䣬ͼסЩӡ
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ִݿһĻҶϢ𺳲ѡ
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Ҷвʣƽʩչ޵̶ֳȣһٸҲǶ֡
ȻЩʥӡȻѧ޵񹦣Ҳһ˿Ƥë޷ӳȫ
Ͼ񴴳似Ҳֻ񼶱ǿ߲ܽ䷢ӳǿʥҲ޷䷢ӵ۷塣
Ҷ˿ˣ޵ǳѣѹֺֻܶѡһ޵񹦣Ϊһ޵Ѿһˡ
ৣ
Ҷ찵֮ʱѾƬδ֪Ŀռ˳
оôһԵЦʵ
ֵĸоҸоѾѧ޵񹦣ȻֻԻһ񶦡ҶЩȵ˵
֮ǰѧħйҲ޷ѧᣬڣҪֱӾѧˣҲ̫˰ɡ
ֻҪдбѧϰ޵񹦷ǳסȻѧϰ޵񹦻ûãԺҪ󻯵طӳ޵񹦵Ц˵
ԭˣҶƶǶص˵ͷ˴бҪԡ
ңϷڲֹԻһ񶦣ŵĻԿ˵գϴһ˿صЦݡ
Ҷüͷһ壬ɻܰɣҲŸոѧ޵񹦣ܹԻһ񶦾ǲˣôܻԻ񶦡
Ծ֪ˡȻصЦݡ
ðɣԿϿɱЦҶ˵գ۾ٴ۾һ˫ҵĹâɫĹ
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Ҷȡ
˲䣬һɿֲƣ·Զźʱ٣Űƣϯ硣
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һ̣ɫ񶦣ͻȻգŴݿһĻҶͷϿգɢɫâ
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Ҷ𾪵ؿһУû뵽ԼȻһԻ񶦣޵ʩչȵƽʩչʱǿ౶
ƽսֻҪһ޵񹦣ԷҲˡ
Ժˣô£
ɢȥ޵֮Ҷɻؿߡ
߹ЦղԼûиܵĵ𣿡
ûаֻоһж·ˮɣ׾ʩչ޵ˡҶɻ֮ɫ
Це˵ˮɣ֪Ϊʲôָо𣿡
ΪʲôҶɻʵ
Ϊ޵ǾΪµӴ޵񹦣ǳԾ칬һĵӣܺܿ޵񹦣ҲԶȱ˿ˡ˼ؿҶ졣
ҶԶʱȻѹ֮ǰŶʱ򣬷Լ̫ʮʽҲУָо·ˮɣûһ˿赲Ե÷ǳɡ
Сһ֮ǰǼϼһﻹڲ²⣬츳ֳԱ϶ᱻ칬еģǲµûдȷѾ˾칬ˡЦ˵
ȷѾ칬һ̫ʥʥӡҶԲѾ֪ѧԺ;칬ĹϵȻǲẦԼ
㾹Ȼ̫ʥʥӣػ˼һ𣿡һϲæʵ
ţҼ칬ʱ򣬼ػһΡҶ˵ͷ
˼ҴϹʱڣʱҲˣЩ˲Щ̾
˵գһɻҶ죬Ц˵»֪ǵһ;칬Ĺϵɡ
Ҷ˵ͷȻµһ;칬ϵȻҲִѧԺˡ
Ҫǵһһλȱ˵Ϲʱǵһֹһţһ𡣡
ؼ˵ǼǸյһλȱΪעһƽˣȷͬ죬֮ͬУλȱûаܹǼĸաһΪʵķš
Ҷ֮ɫϹšԶʱ̫ˣһһʱľʡ
λȱУΪӣֻ𣬱Ϊ״ӡ˵һ̾Щź˵ϧλȱһؾ֮УᣬĻںܾܿʮ칬ˡ
ҶҲЩźʷϣҫ۵кܶ࣬ȥŸܹ࣬ĺ١
ΪŶǷǳŵģţǸȥЩؾܵΣҲкܶࡣ
Ҷ죬ԼʵţԾ֮ȥаħأһУôҲλһһΪ˱ʷһŶѡ
񵱳ԺӺε磬м˼ǵãǵ۵ĵۼλʥڳΪݴ½ĳͷ
˵Ҫġ
ΪϵǵһִѧԺľ칬ҲǵһչмӣѧԺϹʱѹĴѧԺ˵
Ժˣ֪Ϲĩ׷ʲô飬Ϊǿһʱľ칬ͻȻûˡҶȻʵ
Ǻǣ㻹Լ̽ɣϷ֪Ҳ࣬ƺһʱεʷĨˡҡͷ˵
ĨҶüͷʲôʵѵǾΪô
ϹĩһʷϷһż濴ƺ̫ĩԶĩʱεʷҲĨˡ߼˵
ҶԶʱ𶯣ѹֺ֪Զʱ̫ʱ飬ԭ˹ĨǶʷ
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һʶ˵ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨һ򣬴ûλۣ˿ռ䷨һ֧򡪡շ
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ң칬϶Ҳ޵񹦣ֻҪ𣬵ʱѧһ޵񹦣ôһ޵񹦡
ڶֻصĴбھ칬ڵƬʱֻش˵̫ƹܣ֪̫ĺҶüͷʱ̫ã̫Ĵţû˵
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Ǹ޴߳ʱ򣬲ûϣ˺ѹѹȺӰ˵Ҳǧ֮ࡣ
ҶؼȺУѰҽ̫ɽͶƵˣսģѧԺѧԱĴԺѧԱѹôˡ
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ȴһֶصʣ·ⷽصף˴֮һɳС
ÿµʵҶ첻ɵɫȻѧԺʵǸսѧԺʦһλԲǿߣλѧԺӦȴǳɡ
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û뵽λѧԺӣȻѾܹüĳţѹִ˱ΪԺ޵ѧԱ
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Ҷǳ𺳵ǣĲûʩչԽԲʵѹʵλʦͬʵս
ͬʵȴôҶܵλѧԺӵĳǿս츳ˡ
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Ҷãͬ磬ͬʵҲĵĶ֡
սʱƺ˶ֵȱ㣬ÿһһʽ˵©öԷмܲסæҡ
ĶҶظе𺳣λѧԺӣֻݣǾǡ
˵սʽǳûһ˿ȱ㣬ս·һƷ˵궼ڹ
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λʦһֱڶѹŴͨ죬еޱ˿̲סˣʼ޵񹦡
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ѧԺԺǿʦ޵ǾȷֲҲһСХ죡
Զ
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𣡺𣡺𣡺𣡺𣡺𣡺𣡡
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ԺѧԱ˿̶ܵ˾޴ѹͬʱһҡΪĽ֮󣬾ͻ뿪ԺˣҲٵԵˡ
Щʥӡ˵ĳͨʥ·ϵһС
ҶҲѹڷ֮ɱ˶ʣۼҿ϶Ѿоĵĳһ죬ҪŮ
аħǿ̲ݻˡҶ찵뵽
ڴʱеĵ˵ˣ˵սѧԺԺʦ֪λǰԸָ㣿
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˭֪ѧԺԺʦǰ벽ʥǿߡ
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뵽֮ǰչֳĿֲʵȴСΪԷѾս벽ʥʵ
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˲ɵúؿѧԺһȺˣЩѧԺѧԱԺģԺģ˿̶һı
˼һѧԱԺʦڻҪԺʦ˵ģѧԺҲˡ
ҪԺʦҲ˵ĻôѧԺο»Ϊݴ½˳ЦЦˡ
Сӣһ޷ѧԺ⣬Ϸϣһ죬һҪѧԺ
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ҶҲܵ˾޴ѹ⻹ֻ˻ʽӰҪǶԷ˻ʽ˵սվվˡ
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汾ֻظȲ޵񹦣ûҵֻ֮ǰžŶĿǰǿĹ似ˡ
Ҷг˼ڽаħ֮ǰҪԼʵ󻯡
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£Ҷ춷չأ̫ʮʽʼŶ
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Ҷ̫ʮʽϻǺ츳ģȥʱ䣬ͺ˵ʽ۷徳硣
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ڵʵԺѧԱУλ֮⣬Ҳ޾ˡ
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ֻȥаħһƴˡ
ɡźң
һأҶͷֽ̫ɽͶƲ춷壬Ҷ˵ٻ
ʥӣ
ʥӣ
˹
Ҷ˰֣ҶܺأУʱʲô鷢𣿡
ʥӣǰ׻ѧԺս׻ѧԺӣҽܣԺĺ䶯ֺͶȥ̫磬ϻʡһ˵ˣҲȥһˡɹ˵
ߵʵȻô죡
Ҷ𶯲ѣ֪ߵĵϸҲû뵽ߵĽٶô죬ֱƵġ
ѵλ±ڰ׻ѧԺߵõˣҶ찵²⣬ߵĽٶȣٴܵ˾޴ѹ
ȻҶ첻ϲǿʤˣΪһŵţҲ뿴ԼһһԽ
գҶаħ֮УӼᶨˡ
ھȥ̫磡Ҷ˵ſɵˣĿһ뿪̫һǰһΣյؾδ꣬ʮ궼δسҶ˵ͽƹˡסҲڵʱ򣬲棬ίҲҪţһеҳ˵
ԶʱľҶһǰŴǳһҪǰһΣյؾֱƴ
벻׵ǣҶ츳ˣֻҪȥһӾΪλҪôƴ
ϧעҶ죬֪Ҷ뷨
ǣ
˹ص˵ͷ漴ĿҶ뿪춷塣
λʥӴ˲츳Ƿ׷ʵҲôƴѹֲŽѧԺʮֲֿ꣬ʵˡҶıӰ̾
ЦʥӴ˿ɲһȵˣڷ֮ɱţչҪߵ·
ǾͰڴɣֱȵʥӴһλҲѧԺˡźڴ˵
̫硣
һ֮ͤУߡʡϻʡ̫ɽƵ˾ۼһ̸
һУߺҶ̬⣬ǿ츳ıʺϻʣҲһԲ֮Ժӵʵ
˽ԻԺʥӣԺΪҲпܡ
Ҷ컹ڱչǸոճΪʥӣڱӹذƲƲ
ǱѧԺӸ̼˰ɣս֮󣬾ֱӱչˡƺٺЦ
㻰࣬޵񹦣Ҫ˶ñˡ̫ɽ˶һۣ
ʱתͷԶ˵ˡ
˭ʻû˵꣬ͿԶһϤӰһµҶ졣
˵أˡϻʹЦ
𣿡Ҷ쵭һЦ漴Ŀ⿴һƵߣɫ΢΢һΪоԼˣԷϢɲ⡣
ǵĲִˡҶ̾
ҡҡͷ˵۾磬׷ң𾳽磬ҲнĻᡣ
һѾԲ֮ˣǰųΪ׻ѧԺӣԺûǿˡһԵı˵
ҶʱҲֱʺϻʣһԲ֮ϲ
ǾͲԶˣҺϻһ£׼ǳմǳʲôָ㣬ɲܲ˽˵
ʵҶǳ˽Ҳ࡭Ҷ콫ǳŵغǽһ
Ҷ죬һΪ㲻̫أʱһϤĳ֮ӲԶʹͶĿ⡣
Ҷ죿λʥҲ̫𣿡
˵ѧԺʥҪд裬ˡ
кϷˡ

ΧһЩš
ҶתͷȥֲԶһȺˣǰһˣȻǵҶܵŷԶɡ
ԭҴ°ܽƼ״ɵ¶֮ɫЦŷԶɣһ°ܽôҴǰ
ŷԶ߳ŭݺݵص˶һۣߵʲôѧԺӣ˵ʲôʸ졣
㡭ԲȻŭ
Ҷ˰֣мؿŷԶɣߵʲôѧԺʥӣʲôèʸġ
ŷԶɫҶҭ˵
Ա߳һλߴӣҶ˫һҶɣ˵ʯǳնɱˣѧԺ̫ҲһԺʥӣɸһս
Ҷ۾ߴӣϳ˵ˣǳˡ˽ʿѧԺһλʥӣǳǳһս
գҶߵʿҼ㣬ǳ㱻ǳӴһһسӣܺãҾָһ
⻰˵ĺûʿԷǺһƬ㱻Ѫ
ǳʿǳͬɻܣʵƽһ裬û뵽Ҷ쵱ʱҲڳ񻹱ԷڽҶ̡
ʿŭһȵãҾͿʲô£ָҡ
һ䣬Բķ֮ʹʿϱͬʱһɿֲƣҲ˷ϯ
ΧˣоһϢĿֲѹ
ΪֻԲķ֮𣿡Ҷ״һЦԲɱ¾֮һԲɷ֮Ҳ뱬
ͬʱһɿֲĵҶϯȥʿȥ
ʿɫһ䣬ƺ֪ҶĵǿûѡӲӲǱ֮âֻһƵϾҶ졣
ΧսˣȴһҶǹɰն𶯣Ǽֱǰδ


772 а
߼ʱҶĵѾﵽ߼ʮ˽ף
Ҷ۰˼ѾԽʮ˽ףﵽԲĵزϹšԶʱĳš
Ժ˭ûа취Ҷƴ
Բķ֮һﻹǱ̬
ʺϻʼ״̾ѡ
Ҳǳ𶯣һλʥںˣҲԲķ֮ѡҶֻƾԼ֮ȻԲķ֮츳ǰδ
Х죡ʿԼƱҶѹƣжʱ˲ˬŭһȻֱʩչѧԺ޵񹦡
һͷӴɫȻ֮ⷽ䣬Ǽצ˸űĺâ޴ۣ·һâ貣ǿֲƣ͸ǡ
𣡡
һ𶯾죬ƥ飬ս
ҶһЦߵҪһжӮ𣿺ãҳȫ㣡
˵գҶ쿪ʼʩչŶһҵĽɫâϱеһҫ۵̫
𺳵ĿУҶϵԽԽӴǿֲѪ춯ء
ŸոճΪʥӲãѧ޵񹦣ܷӳʿ״Цѡ
ѧԺֻʥӺӿѧϰ޵񹦣ҶŽʥӲãѧ޵񹦣Ҳᾫ
ԣʿһսаգἸХ췢ӵ˼¡
Ŷ񣡡
ڴʱҶһɫԻ·޴̫ɽɢŰƣֲܿ졣
ôܣ㡭ʿ۾һɣţǷǳѧԺʥӣҲֻԻ񶦶ѣҶ첻ѧ޵񹦲ãôһӾԻ󶦣
𣡺𣡺𣡡
޴񶦡
Ȼһ񶦣ȴǹâɣŰ֮ݺݵسʿѹ¡
ʿ𾪲ѣΧпһĻˣһ𺳡
ĳַ˵ѧԺ޵񹦣ѧԺ޵Щơ
ѧԺХ죬һܹХ֮ѧԺӵľͷХ֮ʿȴֻܷХ֮
Ŷ޵񹦣ǿ״̬ʱҲԻ񶦡
ҶȻûнǿ״̬ҲԻ񶦣һЩѧԺʦˡ
ʿûϵҶ޵񹦰ʱ䣬ͽ٣ﵽ̶ȡ
һ֮ʱӦؿһ񶦺Լֻü˫ȭ񵲣ȴǿֱۣѪݺݵصɳȥ
ѧԺʥӣ
ҶмؿԶǱʿߵˣ
㡭ͣʿԣ۾ŭɣ͵һѪɫӲ԰ˡ
ʿʵҪƽǿܶ࣬Ҷһѧ˾Ŷ޵񹦣ʵǷ˷츲صı仯
ңʿȻѡҶӲӲŵһشĻҶҪô׿õġ
磬߰ɣ
һѧԺѧԱ״ȫΧ˹ŷԶɷʿˣطˡ
ʿҶˣǼֱȡ衣
ŷСӣ´β۾ʲô˶ǵģߣƳǵıӰ
ŷԶɲһͷֱ˶Ƶĳ˳̫硣
δչѧԺ˿ͣһˡ̫ɽЦ
û뵽̬ĲԽԽˡʴָ֮ҡͷ̾
뵱۹һμҶʱҶ컹Ķ֣ȴѾԶԶˡ
ǰҪǰǳˣûʥʵԲϻ¶˵
죬ϻʺͱʾͳǰǳˡ
ҶĿȥ֮󣬼̶һѩߣЦ˵˵ɣԸܹôã϶ʲôҪ˵ɡ
ɨΧһۣչ֮Χ̽ӡ
ҶĿһݣô࣬ͬСɡ
׻ѧԺӣͱɱлʣǵĹЩƣӦóͬһطĿտտضҶ죬֪ӦöǸа̣
а̣ʲôҶ𶯲ѣлˣˡڷ֮أлǰ˵Źû뵽׻ѧԺλӣȻлһġ
ҪԶʱһλǿ˵Ӧ֪ԶʱϹʱҪԻͣǸʱֹһλһ𣬱Ϊа棬а̾а߳˵
Ҷ𾪵ȻԶʱ񣿡
ߵ˵ͷʵϹʱа̺ħһҲܵ칬Ĵѹšħиħ棬аҲһ񡪡а񡣺ħ汻ӡħҲܣȻаȴԼסа̵Ĵ󲿷ʵʹаΪֹݴ½һ
ҶҡҡͷħûаЩħħﵱ£ȻںǵħܹЩڣǶΪħűǿ
λаȻҪħõö࣬ƴסа̵ʵħСġˡ
Ȼа̴ˣһֱܵ칬ݴ½ĴѹЩ꣬һֱڰΪ֪߼˵
صΪ˸Ҷɻ
ҡҡͷ̶ҵõһЩƺ㣬Ҫһ㣬һѧԺλӣҲа̵һԱ
ʲôҶ𾪣漴ҡͷⲻܣѧԺôʥа֮ˣ֮λ
ߣ׻ѧԺӲҲ֮λ׻ѧԺʥɲѧԺʥ١ߵ
ҶЩţа̾ȻͬʱѧԺͰ׻ѧԺҲֲ̫˰ɡ
ʱͻȻ뵽һ飬ƺ׻ѧԺӺѧԺӹϵܺá
ңϴİɱҲܵѧԺӵָʹ
ôԷȷкܴļʾа֮ˡ
ҶЩͷۣû뵽ڷ֮أΪѪףȻеһֲ
а̴˾Զ±Щֻǿ
͵ܹа̵ʵ֪
֮Ϊ֮а̱ȱڤҪµĶࡣ˵գ뿪̫硣
磡
̫ɽͶһǵؿҶ졣
Ҷ˼Ƭ̧̣ͷô˵ʵҪҾȥаħһˡڴڼ䣬Ҷ˾ͽƹˣʲô̫װæ
ʲôаħأǿԺʦȥðյĵطȷҪȥ̫ɽԵһ𾪡
ҲȰ˵磬ʵٶѾܿˣûҪһʱѧԺʵһܿ졣
ǲᶮģҶҡҡͷǼǵħֻһʱ䣬Ҳֻʣ°ʮˡ
ʮܳΪ񣬲ܶԿħ棬Ǿ·һ
ѾǲȰˣúѧԺϣ´λʱǶܳΪӡ
ҶĿᶨ˵


ʮľ а


773 ɫս
ʲôСӻҪȥаħأУԲУ
˳̫Ҷ㾶ֱɵʥ⣬ɫʱһæҡͷӦҶҪ
ʥ۾Ҷ죬Ʋ죬ߵ˵Сӹڵİϴǳһˣûס㣬ȻҲ֪ؽаħأǲǻòͷ˰
ԺˡҶЦ
˵ˣϷǲȥаħأԺΪʥʲôʱȥʲôʱȥʥֱӴҶĻ
ԺˣѧԺƺûй涨ѧԱаħذɣҶ췭˷˵ȵʥԻȥ칬еǱõаħð
ǰûУϷھͶأϷԺҲǶġʥǿʶغߵ
Ҷʱˡ
Ҷ죬ﶼйаħصļأȿɣͻȻһɫӰնݸҶһ޴Ƥᡣ
ҶʶһλԺвɵһæӹƤ
Ͼţ㻹׼Сӽаħذʥ״õؿһλԺ
Ժҡҡͷ˸磬С֪аħصΣգǰ׳գ֪˵ġ
ʥһ룬ЩаħصΣŲסҶ졣
ҶƤᣬôڵϹۿʥ;ԺһЦá
Ƥܺ񣬵ҶɨӣԿܿ죬Ƶġ
棬Ҷ˽аħصĴڣϹʱʱԺһΡ
ΪεĿģΪ˹ѺЩаʥڣǷʥεȻͬСɡ
ϹǸʱа̺ħźУ칬Ϊ䣬ҲԺΡ
ʱĵߴ칬ͽһΣյؾɣԲ󷨣÷ʥǿҲѲá
ߴԾ칬еʥ󷨾˫ȫõ󷨣ǿҲһʱãοʥ
ǱѺаħǿߣһ⣬Ѳá
ħűаɱһæڷӡħ棬ûЩħ㽫һѺ֮УԺֱΪаħء
ʮȥˣаħУа̺ħŵĲ֮⣬ݴ½ΪΪаħǿߣֱݴ½ڰĵط
Ҫ˵ʲôʵ࣬ҲЩаħϷˣһƬ
µ߲ΪΣնȥʵǽȥҲûãһЩȴԸȥΪ޾ɱ¾ÿ춼аħǿɱɱ¾򡢻ҷսһи淨õطһרĥս顣
ҶʶľɱʦȥаħأһŽھŵɱ¾֮Բ硣
ҶȻ𣬵ΪţҲˣʺķɱ¾ɷַаħǾԻˮһǧ
ȻҪǣҶõħĴУаħҵһЩħŵ似ȵȣⶼǿʵ
ԣԱ˵аħһƬҶ˵ȴһء
ȻΪаħصĻǳΣգ涼ѣܹаħǿߣǸ֡
ңЩаħǿ߶ԺˣһԺ˽ȥȻᷢаħаħǿ߶׷ɱˡ
ɱʦҲ˵Բ֮İ벽ʥһͳˡ
ɴ˿֪ʥ;ԺǾԲϣҶھͽġ
ôСӻǹԹԻȥҪҲȥҶǾƤᣬʥźӣ˵
Ҷ̧ͷᶨ˵λԺˣӻϣܹȥ
㡭ʥԶʱߣ۾˵
ԺҲεҡͷЦ
Ҷɫᶨаħ֮УڱСһҪķѵʱ̫ˣֵֻطѸɱ¾ɷ
ˣСԼϷ򲻹ˡʥ˻ӣתȥ
ҶʱͰ͵ؿԺ
Ȼ·ԼѡģҲֹһСΪϣ֪ŲлΪʥ񡣡Ժ̾˿˵
Ҷʱϲص˵ͷ
󣬾ԺҶ쿪˴һѤĹâ֮УҶʧɽϡ
꣡
飬ʥ˳ɫغߵС治ʡģ˵ô죿һҪ棬ôػϽ
Ϊ𣬲̫ʥʥӣھˣػҲǣǿϧһ츳Ժ˵
ʥ̾Ϣһ˵ʵϷҲ˼ѡǿ֮·ԼƵ·ѳɹ
ڴɣԲаħأֻһǣ꼻һʲôԺ˵תȥ
ʥϥ֮С

գģ·񷶼ҪƵġ
û̫ҲûһƬаħء
аħصһ䡣һ޴ļ̳ڲ֮¡Աߣվһ޴ιӰ·һɫսһɫ񽣣˫磬ɫ϶ư磬˲ֱӡ
̳ķԲ֮ڣûһ˿ڵĺۼеֻǿݹǺʬ壬ߵģ޵ġ

ͻȻķ磬Ű̳
ɫսĿϬޱȣɫ㲻䣬·磬ûʲôݣУһ˿ɫʣֻ޾ʵĹ¼š
Ĭ˵һ仰¶Ӱ·ʱ䳤֮Уâɡ
𣡡ͻȻһ޺𣬴ӲԶĴ֮г
һͷʨޣë˸ӴֱһСɽСһ˫ѪɫӣѪɱ¾Ϣ
ৣ
Ȼʨſһ˫޴Ľɫգǲ񷣬ֲĿ磬ռ䶼˺ˡ
˻Ȼʨʵ´ﵽ˰벽ʥˡ
ϧһͷʨǳڴ˵أԺаħء
֮⣬һħа̵ĵӰעż̳ǿͷӴʨʱǳ𺳡
ݴ½ȻѾٿϹʱǿˣаħأȴֲֿޡ
ʨϹʱһǿޣ𼶱еĻߣʥĴڡ
ͷʨʵİ벽ʥֻǿаħضĴڡ
𣡡
ʱͷʨԼ̳ԱߵĽɫսŭֻһ˫ѪɫĿУȴ͸¶һ˿ԥ
ৣ
ڴʱ̳ϳһƥĽɫһӰ֡
ʱɫսȻʢ߾ٽɫ񽣣һʨƴĽâһɳ˺ѿռ䣬أֲܿ졣
ʨܵ˾޴в̧ͷһŭиһ޴ɢſֲϢ
ȻƥĽâֱӻĲӣԴѪء
ڼ̳ϵҶ죬ؿһĻ˶ˡ
ɫսɫ񽣣վڼ̳Աߣûͷʨʬ壬ȻûпɢϢȴҲҶܵһϢѹ


774 ʱ
һλ벽ʥĳޣһɱ𺳵ĳ棬øսаħصҶסˡ
ѹôûаħǿӳаħأһֲ֮ػʥҲɡ
Ҷ¼̳ŸߴĽɫս񹧾һ
ƤᣬҶ֪ɫսݣ׼ȷ˵ɫսˣһ󷨵֮顣
ߴ칬Ĺ¾޴󷨣аħطǰɫս񣬾֮顣
ʵҲģµߴ칬ݻģʵӽȵ񣬾ʥҲ޷⡣
һǿĴػаħصڣΪֹûаħǿѳȥ
ֻƾУ޷뿪Ҳû˼ֻҪӽ̳Բ֮ڣͲ֣ͬˡ
ף˽ˡ
Ͽȥ֪ͨϣ
֮⣬ħźа̵ĵӣͻȻӼ̳Ҷ죬ʱһæԶȥ
Ҷ죬Ǻεȵǿ˲ͷˣһǹɳԽʮ˽׵ĵ󺣵ľκˣǰϯȥ
ôôǿ󣿡
ÿµĵ
ħźа̵ĵȻҲ߰˼ǿߣݴ½ҲǸ֣Ҷֳűȴǲ˲ֹʮǧ
Ҷͷų˾͵ֵס֮Уȫûл֮
ҪǻԺѧԱԲôǱźͨ˵Ĳࡣ
ͬļɱͨߣǼֱвһס
ʲôˣΪڴˣ
ľ룬Ҷ˵Ƭ֮͵ˣǰǿߣȵ
ɨ˵֮ҶвЩȡ
Ϊ˵Уһħŵĵӣһ˾Ȼһѧ澭ǳ档
ôܣ߼ôôֲħŵĵֵؿҶ졣
а̵Ե򶨺ܶ࣬һԺѧԱɣû뵽һѧԱȻҲаħأò˵Һ
꣡
ǻ䣬Ҷ˫һâ˸֮󣬽˵һֱֻѪȾա
شҵ⣡ҶȵЩаħǿߣûһøС
ħŵĵԱסˣû뵽ǰˣȻħǿ߻Ҫĺ
а̵ҲһҧɫҰףĿ⻹Ƿǳ򶨣Ҷ춼ЩȻ
˵˵ħŵĵҶɱԼæ˵ħŵӣǳش˵أֻҪ˽֪ͨ˼ҡ
ҶԵ˵ͷ漴а̵ӡ
Һһа̵һ˵ΪԺĸаħأа̺ħŶʱֻҪԺֵټʹȥɸնɱǡ
ҶԲ÷ҲԺ˵ˣԺ˸ҽаħаħصҲɵӣȻնɱԺǿߡ
˫ˮûʲôԴɱһ
ʵҲǳİɡҶ˼Ƭ̣漴
ħŵĵɫһ죬ЩҶ컹һ𣬽ȴһ˿֮ûС
а̵ĵԵ˵ֻа̵СආҲǰһźţֻҪɱңϱȻ֪ҵҲˡ
ѵȥҶԾȵ
а̵ĵȻƽ֮ɫ˵ԼѡģûʲôĵģаħΣأϣܱȱЩ޳ԵҪá
ɱңʲô㣬Ҹָ·аħлħŵĵæ˵
ҶҡҡͷħȻаǿ󣬵ħŵĵȴа̵ĵӲˣóа̵ĵ־ǳᶨ
ħŵĵӣ϶սթ׶֮ˣȻĺʵҲӲ֮ˡ
һһ⣡ҶǸħŵӣĿ⿴а̵ӣЩʵӦ澭ɣôŹ
а̵ĵԣƿ׳һҶ죬Ҷ춼Щˡ
ʲô𣿡Ҷüͷ
а̵ĵߵаԶšϹʱ˲űǿƣоһλ˼µĹȻᡣ
ҶȻû뵽λȻа̣ò˵а̻ǿֲǴԶʱĴ
գҶЩ죬漴ת澭˵㿴ʲô
澭һŨϢ͸а̵ϵϢҪǿĶࡣ
㡭а̵ӵɫڱˣŵؿҶ졣
Ҷ¶ЦݣѾĲǵ𣿿ڻˡ
а̵ˣǺǣҶа̵ĵӣٺһЦȻͬţʶһ£ʲô֣
а̵һƺû뵽Ҷ쾹ô۾˵Ϲߵԭа̣ߣҲ澭ҲȥаȻҲʲôİ˶ܻȥġ
Ҷȷа̣Ȼʱ⣬ȴ¶ˡ
аħΣյطҴʵɣֻһС
ǰҶϣħţӵе֮壬һһӲħŸֵ۾ԻȥֱѰ·
ص֪а̣⣬Ͼа̲֪ħ֮ܣȻҲᷢˡ
ңа̴Զʱڣ˵ҵһЩԶʱڵܡ
գҶ¶ƻЦݣЦſа̵ӣ˵ҵȷ׻а̣æˡ
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ŻܱȥҪõö࣬Ҳ۰˼ˣѵͲȥ𣿡ҶЦ˵
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а̵Ȼ־ᶨҲ֮ˣɣҲ֮ˣЩа̵ײӣǲܶаصġ
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֮ǰа̵ĵΪҶɱԵúܵ
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Ҷ΢΢һЦ֣תħа̵ӵһɫСħӡǡ
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ֻһ뵽аţ־ЩƣһҶǰа̣벻С
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һа̵޵񹦣Ҷʱ˫Ŀ⣬˵Σ棬ҼȻаħأΣգ
־ԣȰ˵


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аڣܣһ·ϣҶһʮμݣǸ־λа洫ӣ޷ȥ
ңа̵ɽŷǳӴ󣬽Уƽһ硣
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аǵаõаܹӾ칬ΧɱߣľаһʮǰΧа̣ҵʱۿһλ߶һоͺɱһֻʥޣаħصһ־˵
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778 а֮Դ
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ҶɱʣΪʵĸ磬ҲѹôɱһҶͳɱ֡
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գҶһطָƣ񶼻ָ۷״̬;ֱԨ
ߵĴϣһ޴ѷ죬·һͷ̫޳˯ſѪڣȴſѰ·
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㣡ҶЦһµĹȻûħŵӣ֮ǰھԨһ档
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ħӵķ֮Ԩѹסˣʵʹʱ֮ܵѹƣûжٷ֮ͱҶѹסˡ
ֵɱңֻҪ㲻ɱңұ֤֮Ϣй¶ȥ
ʱѾ׺ˣôҲ벻Ҷ쾹Ȼӵ֮壬˵еħ֮ӣôûг֣û뵽ȴˣֱѰ·
Ϊħŵӣǳ֮ħŹĿãʥǿߣˡ
ѹ֮ǰҶϸܵ˾޴вԭһжԴ֮壬ħӶʱ֮ɫ
Ҳ㣬ֻˡҶһħӵؿڣɫħ޾֮룬ħڵȫն
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ħӵҶ֮岻رһڰľ޴У˷֮
ҶΪڲϵӣ
áҶɫ䣬зǳһ޷ƿ֮壬ôͻħɵڶħ档
ҲҪЩΪҶ𣬽ħӵӲؼ⣬̷ֹǳʹ࣬ԼϸƵġ
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Ȼ֮նô׿Զ


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𣡡
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ҶһܵħĻ·ǻһ޷ԿҶʱ
ֻȵҶ췸˴ϱһҲҪһսɡ
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Ҷܵǹǿħʵ޷ѹȥҪһħˡ
ϴڷħħΪڤ澪ħ棬Ȼ֣żӵؾ
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ٲѹħԣɢ˾ԨԵ֮ɹɽٵϣǿʮֹ
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£Ҵ⣬ת̫֮壬˫ӡһǾŶ񣬳µӭȥ
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񶦺ײһ𣬱ֲನǳ˷ɢȥ;ľʯɽ¶ݻˡ
һЩҶħǣڸܵɿֲ֮æԭ·ȥ
ǿޣҲ٣ΪĪ⡣
ҲˡҶŶס˵һףɵõһЦ
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Ҷ첻˷һ˿һԭشϢ֮壬Χָ֮ղŵġ
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ڶ׿ʼˣƥһҶæ׵ȻٶȴŶӭϡ
޵̫֮߶Ȼӳ˳Խһɫ񶦣Яſֲ뽵ٶµ׺ײһ𣬱˾춯صĴը
ҶڵʵȵǳǿˣȻٵҲӦǿˣǰףûʸвҶ졣
һֱǰ׹ȥˣҶ춼ûкһѾǿס׵ĹһڶɽٵʱǰôǱˡ
ҶܵǿţֻҪʵǿҲ޵еģԱܡ
Ȼߵ׽ٵʱҶ˶Ǵסˣ۾ɵϴš
׼ȷ˵ǲףһϤӰźɫĳ̧ۣ֮䶼ɢ춯صħ
ħӣҶһһ˵г˲˼飬ɱħӣȻ߳ˡ
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ʱ򣬱ģħӣѾҶɱ£һ˫ħݺύֲħǱӣȻϬ׵֮⡣
٣Ҷ컹ǵһ𺳲ѡ


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ҶɫСӳԣ嫵ܣͬ嫺еľκˣӭЩֲ׵֮
䣡
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ޱߵನ˷ӳضڲƬռ䳹ױݻˣһµĿռ籩ϯҶħӵߡ
£˻ǿ󣡡Ҷһ֮󣬿ħЩⱻģħӣħǿˡ
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ҲҶ˽֮ԣ֮ƷǳǿңΪʲôЩаħǿ߶ٵԵˡ
Ҷ˵Բɱ¾֮ΪҲ۾ż۷壬սǿ˲ֹһ㡣
ʱҲһսĴԺӣҶҲ޾ˡ
ѾվԺѧԱ۷壡
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£Ҷ첻ԥûȵڰ˵׽٣һźڰ
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ɱģĿֲȻγе񽣣Ҷ췢ĳ档
ʱһ𼶱ʿҲȫȺӵɱ
Ҷ첢ǵһܵЩΧǣЩʿĹ
˫˵սǳ𺳣һ캳أ˺ѳգء
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Ҷ˵ϼһħΧ޺ʿɱȥ
Ҷ졢ʿޣս๥
ֻأҶɴ˴ħʩչ޵񹦣ԸΧʿǡ
ȻһֲϢȻӲԶֶһĨҵĽâƲ񷣬ֱӴͷϿ
Ҷħȥȴûڷ飬жһѪ˶ʱɳȥ
Զٽһ̤նˣе񽣣ɵĽâնҶ졣
ٽħǿˣ¿ԲǿˣҶܹġ
Ҫ˵Բķ֮ʵǿ࣬ĻҶӲסղһ֮
סˣҶҲܵشϵʮͷˣǿסǳҵĽâ


792 ¶
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СӼӰҲ̫˰ɣЦ
ӸƨӴ򲻹𣿡Ҷ췭˷ۣǼʶٽ²ӲƴȺгȥ
ȻȺҲǿߣ䱻ٽնɱҶû޺һ㡣
ٽȻҶ죬ҲŹЩڹޣҶȺ֮УҲ޾סӡ
ȻٽǳֲһɨֱӾնɱǧͷޣҶ쵹һ
ʲôʱһôҲˡҶ첻ɵ˵
ֻҪСӽ𾳽磬ǻ׾𣿡Ц
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СҰĵǲСһֱڴ˱չأҲǲɣǴ˵ؿ²˾ô߿ޣ˵
ⲻһżǵõı²ʵ𣿡Ҷ쿴Զĺڰ˫ޱȡ
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ףڰػ󷨣ϷʶСˡͻȻ߶ŲԶĺڰ֮ɫ
ҶԴϲػ󷨶סޣ϶ǿޱȣҲڵôܽ룬û뵽߾Ȼʶ
а취ҽ棿Ҷ켤ЩˣһθоżԼô
һʶ󷨣ϹʱЩɵĻɽһӦ֪ЩɵĻɽֻҪԼĵӽȥ󷨹˾ͻ󷨹˵
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Ҷ췭˷ۣѲ⻹Ǿ칬һλǰ׼ģ
Ǿ칬û̺޾Ϣû뵽ȻﻹһСӺԵְЦ
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СӵǺãϷҪһͽʥˡ̾
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ҶһЦҶĳӱʮ˹һ·ߵ֪˶ΣգҶĳ׳ˣôԵҲ
ʲôƺ֪޷ʵ
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Ҷضߣ˵аΪʲôֻ澭ĵػ̳϶ı
㣿ߵ˵ͻȻı䣬Ҳû֮ǰЦ֮ɫĿУǿѹ
ֹҶߵ澭ܻа̣а̴Զʱеڣôɾܻȥͱ칬ˣȻа̵ĸ߲Ѿҵݡ
㽫ƾͼƣõа̵ĺô취԰ɣ꣬ЩԳЦϷ뵽ܹħѡӣôƿأһϷķڷ
ħӣߣҶһߣҲµûд־ʦǸʧǧа̳ϣ԰ɣ
߼״̹Ȼص˵ͷ˵ھԨʥ磬û뵽ʦѪħߴһ˴˽ǵڰΪһżǽѰ
ǸʱӦøոնɹٶ԰ɣҶԣЩͬؿһۡ
Ц˵ͷʱϷոնɽϣҲ֪ٶаħǿ߿аħǿߺѽʥϷȻɹˣҲܵشЩȥ
ӵùǣʱʦѪħߴһȺ˽ڱչ˵Ϸ߻ħ֮£ϷһΪߣȻϷͻ˹ȥ
߼˵ȵϷʱ򣬷ѾʦѪħаħأԭʦѪħѣϷ޷Ԥϡ
Ҷ󵽣߱аħ֮ǶôıҪаħأ껹ܺ壬һʱ䣬Ȼʥ
ڱаħأݣǸ޷ǰаħˣΪػڼ̳ǲŹġ
һֻܲݴ½һԦߵ壬Ϊһߡ
ô˵ıھ֮ˣҶʵ
ֻҪϷ뱾ںϣϾָܻʥΪ˵ſҶ죬һûκʵֻҶڰ
ҶЦָΪһаȫ𣿡
ʵ㲻صģϷûҪ߻û˵ͱҶˡ
Ҷߵ㵱ǰ׳а̲㱻Ǿ칬עһĻ
ִˣа̺Ǿ칬Сҡҡͷ˵Ϲʱ칬а̹ϵܺãֱħа̣Ϊ䣬ʹˮݡħ汳а̣ħţǰа칬ľ档
ֻܵħĹƻаΪ׵Ĵа̸߲㣬칬ΪСǾ칬ǣҳֽа̺ħţаΪ֤ף˷ӡħһսħɱˡ
Ϊаĳ칬ûма̳֣а̵Ȼǿ


793 
ߵĻҶĬԷ˵ƺ٣Ͼ칬ħӡˣаҲˣа̿϶׾٣ûҪаħء
ҶҲôߣߵ˵ˣȻǾ칬а̷аħأ϶ǲǣǲֵš
ִˣҡҡͷа̵ԼҪаħصģΪаħʵаĲȱС磬ﻹаҪػĶڡټаһսܴأҪرɽϢԾѡаħء
Ϊξ칬аħأҶʵЩ𾪣û뵽аħؾȻаĲȱС硣
ҪаħеħţȻǾ칬ҲаΪа𣬲ų׷аħصġ˵
ҶԵ˵ͷó߲ûƭԷֵţϾа̺;칬ûҲδز˺
߿ԥҶ죬ͻȻЦʵ㲻صģϷֵаɱ˵аҲðɱ㡣
Ϊ칬ػϣҶ˵
ǣ
ϣҡҡͷǵػȻػĿ꣬뿪Ȼ
ΪΣҶˡ
Ϊħ棡ЩͬؿҶһۣ̾㻹֪ѾħӣᱻĨȥ˼룬һаֺαɱ㣿ңһɱ㣬϶ħ棬ֵа
ҶĿһ䣬ߵӣߣһӡˣҾͲܰô
ǲôϧ˭֮壬֪ϹʱħҲ֮壬⻯㽫Ҳһͬ³̾
ҶɫһݣȻ֪ħɱӣû뵽ǽ⻯ն
ңѵ֮Щ𣿡ߺȻ˵
Ҷüͷһ壬ʵʲô˼
֮ʮǿʣӵʮǿʵˣֻҪܳΪʸǷӵУǳֲ֮壬ôǿ𣿡ߵ
Ҷͫһ֮ȷǿ󣬿֮ɱ˵Ϊȴû˵ôֲȶǿһЩ
ҶɫȻһѲħһ֣
ħȷһ֣ɵ֮壬ɵֻһֻǳ汾ġң֪ʮǿʶģǸһǺɵġ˵
Ҷɫǳѿ֪˵ģԼҲָоˡ
ң֮ǰǸϷ꣬Ϸûв´ӵеʣʮǿеһ֣壡˵
ҶȻ̧ͷü壿㵱ʱҲˣ
Ϸıڰ֮Уﻹһ꣬ԿԨһУھôϷȻܹͨ塣̹Ȼ˵
壬ʺǿ𣿡ҶʵԼʱҲܵˣȴû˵ôֲ
ƺ֪Ҷ뷨ЦȻǿֻʱʵûóʵһȭܴ㡣
ⲻܣҶţǳǿ󣬽ӽʥˣôܱԷһȭ
ģϷûƭ㣬ʮǿʵֻҪ۾磬ʥҪǿ󣬶Ѿ벽ʥ磬ϷҲȲ˵
ҶɫҰףΪԼǸϷСû뵽ྐྵȻôѹֶԷûɱҷ뿪оԵŰ
»֪벽ʥΪʵѾʥ֮ˣʮǿʡ߼˵
ҶԳĬΪԼ֮壬ӵʮǿʣڿǶôĿЦ
һжħļƻħҪȵΪʥʱٿ⻯
ȻҶԼħ滻ѪѪҺħġ
ħѵħ棿
뵽֮ǰħԼħԣҶȻһ亹ħѾٿֻҪֵסħԵ֣ᱻħƵġ
߿һ԰׵Ҷ죬̾˰ɣа̸ûҪɱ㣬㱻ħˣɱǶһ٣˵ħ档㷴ɱħ棬ôаֻкôûлֺαôأ
Żԥ֮еҶ죬߼˵֮⣬а̻Ҫһ飬ȻӲܼӺ㡣
ʲô飿Ҷ̧ͷʵ
䣡
ͻȻһɿֲˣ޴ѹҶſ¡
Ҷæ̧ͷҲȥ˶ʱǺ嫵֮УͻȻ߳һɫӰɢųİ綼ǿѹ
ڰ˵׹ȥˣǵھŵˣһγֵģȻֻһӰ͵ߵһ
ȻҶ߿ˣľ֮ɫ
𾪵СӵԽԽ̬ˣȻһģˣСӣڿ΢һʮǿʵˡ
߶˵ҶѾܵģðϷˣԷһȭɨ֮䣬һͷͷ𼶱ޱϡãǿ𺳲ѡ
ɵ߲ľתս壬Ҳ˰ɡҶ𺳲ѣ⻹ֻǱģðƻϷ꣬ǿˡ
СӣѪӵʵˣѪҺɫģѪһֿ֮ѪѪҺϧðƻǱģģܲˡ˵
˵ϻȴҽ󷨣Ҷ쿴Ϸ곯Χ޶סĽŲʱˡ
һ׵ѾвҪǱϷϣ㲻ҲضشʱЩΧϣɡ
ԣʱ¶ЦݣȻҶѡȵ򹬵ϷѾ֪ͨ˱壬ֻҪ棬κԽ󷨶Ըһס
ҶԳźڰȥ;ޣһնɱȻԽ棬Խ࣬ٶȱϵԽԽˡ
СӣӰҲŽ
ҶʱѾסˣͷǿްΧ룬޴ȭͷ޽šβͣȫк
Щǿ󣬶Ҷ𼶱ģǳֲ
䣡
һɳİ·ƬӺѸٽӽǿѹȸУҶ亹εΡ
ϷѾɱˣֱ߳˹ûһͷ޿赲һͷԲޣնɱˡ
ҶתʱϷһȭһ˫ɫ۾ҵ磬һ޵еİɨ磬ѹЩ


794 ڰʽ
񣬱ɫ磬İϷϯ·һ̫ս񣬾أķ
̫ǿˣ
Ҷ֮ɫ֮ǰǸϷ꣬ʱԷȷ˺ܶʵԷʱֻǸѡ
ʮǿţ
ͬʱҶҲܵԼ֮ʮǿ֮Ĳ࣬ħϲϹ˵һ֡
ҶаһθܵħսƻϼһﲻϹʱþͷ۵
Ŷ񣡡
ʱҶ첻˿أս߶˼£һоŶ۷״̬һ񶦣̫ͬһ㣬ҫ۵ԡ
Ȼʵǲпģһֻɫȭͷһɱ˵İƲ񷣬ռ䣬ֱӾͽЩ񶦷ˡ
ûʲôʽԣԷֻ򵥵һȭ޵Ҳ޷ֵ
䣡
Ϸһȭ֮󣬽˫Ŀҵɫ⣬ǣΧ޸赲סһֻžôҶ
Ҷ۾죬Ȼ֪ģðƻıУͶˡ
û˿ԥҶϱԲɱ¾ָ֮֮УϷĽƺȥ
ָ
Ҷȡ
а̵޵񹦣Բɱ¾֮֮£˾˵
ֻһѪɫָâҶᴩأ˺ѿռ䣬ֱϷĽơ
׺ݵײһ𣬱һֲƴо캧ˣ˷ϯȥضڶ
Ҷֻоһӿĺǰݺݵײ޷ܣѪģ˶ɳȥ
ΧޣҲһ֮²һƬ򶼱ˡ
ԶϷ꣬и£һȻ޵Уֻɫ۾ҶΣɱӿȡ
СӣӲƴϾֻģģֻҪķʱ䣬ɢġ߿Ҷҵӣʱвѡ
ںҶһϵģҪҶĻҲɡ
˸գԸտᣬ̫û뵽ҾȻڱ˾ĺɱ֮Уһ㣡
ҶûߵĻʱɵͻȻһ˿
˸գһֱ̫֮򣬵ڸղһ̣ףʵԸտᣬҲ̫
ʲô̫
̫ݻзܿ˸գܿᣬǷ̩
Ҷ˫ҵâһž޴̫ͼŶԽԽƺҪض
䣡
Ϸһȭǿݺݵس̫ͼ棬̫ͼֻ¶һ˿˿Ѻۣû鿪
һǿķ̫ͼϱϷȥ
Ϸû뵽һ㣬ӦͱǹǿķˣҲҶһɳȥϵâ˺ܶࡣ
һԵ֮ɫ̫ʥ̫ʮʽ̫ˣղһ뱻ܷȥ˲ð
Ͼӵʥ꣬ȻܹղŵһĻ
ȿȣҶһѪȴ˷ܣҲû뵽ܾõ̫ʮʽȻʱͻƣ̫ڰʽ
̫ʥʷϣ˵ɵڰʽˣ۾統жڷ޵е
ɵھʽô𾳽統Уڷ޵УʥĹҲܽӵ¡
̫ʮʽǾԳưʥˣ벻ᱻ˻ܣ޵С
ھ칬ʷϣ̫ʥǿߣٻᱻ˻ܣҲֻǱ˻ˣΪǵķõڲ֮ء
̫ڰʽѳɣٶѾûвˣҶչЦг˳죬һ壬Σյʱͻƾ磬ʵ
׼ȷ˵Ƿ
̫ڰʽҶţԺӣҲˡ
˵֮ǰԲôԲҲ빥ˡ
䣡
ҶЦ֮ʱϷٶȳ˹ֻҶҲûеģȼ̫ͼӭϡ
ͬʱҶʩչŶĿϷ꣬ȴ
䣡Ϸһȭ̫ͼ棬һĻҶҡҡͷϾֻģðƻʵǿ󣬸ʲôսɡ
Ϸ꣬ڼ̫ͼ󣬿϶·
ģðƻֻһζĹʲôսɣֱֱֻع
ⲻ̫ͼķ֮£һεɳȥ
Ŷ񣡡ҶȵľᣬѾ׼õľŶȥ貵񶦣ɢɹâݺݵغϷϡ
һι֮ϷϵĹâԽԽˣһ࣬Ҳ֮ǰơ
Ҷ֪Ϊðƻ̫֮ʵԽսԽˡ
ðƻվֻðƻҶһϷ
ʱսѾƿأһӹһˣҶ˿
СӣĥˣϽȥȻЩ޾ΧˡҶʱߵ
ҶĿ⳯ΧɨȥȻЩٶΧȻҲϷ겻ǿƣ׼ʹˮˡ
Ҷ쵱֣źڰȥǸģðƻȻҶ죬ܿͱΧ޲סˡ
һΣðƻû֮ǰǿƣ̫ˣѲЩǿޡ
ȻҶԼҲܣͷ׷ɱ̫ʮʽͻƣǿ࣬ǿ֧š
Ҷɱ߶㣬һ·ֱײڽӽڰˡ
ǸϷ꣬ҲһΧŹˣΪâʧҲʧˡ
ʱҶͱˣûٵѹƣԨٶϯصٶȰķ֮
#%Ҷ찵ѣˣ׼ʩչֻʧȥ˷֮֮󣬸򲻳ȥɡ
һֻ޴޲֪Ҷ״׼ᣬһβ˦˹ҵҶðǣ˶ɳȥ
߿ĹЦ
ɱҶôŭʵ̫ˣһóħͳͷɱȥ
Ȼû˷֮ҶȻǿޱȣȫһնҵĵâǧɣ񷣬˺أֱӽͷ𼶱նɱ
ȻϷҶܶ࣬Ǻ˱Ҷǿˣֱʥǿߵ
һնҶûͣźڰȥ
žԽԽˣΧΧҲԽԽˣҶѪԼģҲ޵ģоеĴħҪ챻ˡ
졭߽ϵ۾棬˼ڴ
һǧˣҪعˣһʥǿߣ
ҶҲܵ˽֮ǰѾشһ·ɱѾƣߡ
˵ߣ㲻ߣҲֻܽڰˣЩΧɡ


795 
𣡡
Ҷ켴ִڰʱһͷﵽԲǿޣǰסǰĵ·
һͷޣȴ̩ɽԳֻͬȷǳ׳ͬһֻǰ֣ϸֳԴһԴֻһֻ۾˫ִ֪ʲôģȻѿռ䶼ˣҶ
ˣͷϲ˺ĺɫɫۼףӲҶĴħϣֻһۼƲķ
˱̬ޣҶֻ̫ͼֵȻսˣӲƴ
Сģ˫ͷˣǶһеĻߣǷжģԨʥϵǿߣܡɫص˵
ҲҶǿ󣬷򻻳ɱۼͷޣͱɱ
ҶҲеޱȳͷ޿ɲģðƻ޾Ϊʱķѡ
Ҷ첻Ӳƴһ߼̫ͼֵһ߳źڰȥ
¡¡
˫ͷ˵Ϻ̫ͼûƬ̣̫ͼͳѷ죬ۿҪˡ
Ҷ첻òħӭȥϣһʱ䣬Ǹ޴ޱȵڴħϣܵһǰδеǿ
䣡
ҶֻоԺһ·һǹǿеĴħЩɳȥڶˣðɫħѪ
Ҷش̫ͼҲ޷֧ţ˫ͷ˵һ顣
ǿನҶҶǿ˫ȭֵȴоһʹֱֻеĹͷǹǿշˡ
ܣ߼
˵ҶҲˣһܣһת֮Ѹ޸ơ
ò˵ͷ޵Ĳ໹̫ˣȻǿֵƬʱ䣬Լֲ˶á
ҪǣΧɱҶ첻ս
ȼվѪɣ߿ԽԽΧɵôȵ
Ҷû˿ԥΪԼҲ׼ȼվѪˣϾʱҲֻһˣɡ
䣡
ɫħѪʣҶȼվѪ֮һɳħϱǹɿֲħԣٴϯҪҶ졣
Ҷûж֮壬ħȻǿ󣬵һʱҲսʤԼ־
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ܵħԵǿҶзǳأ֪취ħԣᱻħơ
ȽǰΣٿ飡ҶȻһȫѪͬһɫ¯ɢ
䣡
޴һΣûк̫ͼ
Ҷħɫħƿµħǰɨȥһ޵еĵƺƵա
֮޲ǱɱǱɳȥ
һʱ䣬ҶǰһƬգû٣һɫźڰȥ
ڹؼʱҶڽ˺ڰػУɢ澭Ϣûܵ󷨵Ĺɵؾͽȥˡ
෴Щǣܵ󷨵Ĺͷǿ˫ͷˣ󷨺һԴ˲أȥ
ԶʥǿޣȻڼڰ󷨣ȻͷҶֻϣȴûںΪֻҪʱҶ컹ⲻһ
ʵϣڰ󷨣ھ˶֮Ѿ˱ıԵֻ֧ʮˡ
߽ȥ֮󣬶һңµ˵ҪСаħأϷˡ
ҶһߴԽ󷨣һߴڰЦ˵ѵûа취֪ͨа𣿡
УϷǽǷʥȻҲΣաҡͷ
а̵ĽǷʥ𣿡Ҷɻ
Ϸʦ𣡡д֮ɫ˵ʦ˼ϹʱܹˣԪҲΪ˼ҽ⣬аֵ֮ġ
Ҷ԰̾ڵݴ½ȻҲвλʥǴϹʱϲȫӡ֮У⣬Ԫľɡ
ΪˣۼҵλʥŻ˾ηΪԪǧ֮ڣû˸⣬ǳֵڶʥ
ˣǰߺȻָǰһ˵
Ҷ֮󣬲ŷж죬ֱһС磬滹дСְָָķ
ܶ๬ٻˣһЩߴĽҲݻˡ
Ҷ쿴һҩ԰ĵرˣֻ˿յһЩط˾ߡ
߿ҶĿ⣬Щ죬ŷŭǸƨʦ治ǶһȺ˽ֱƵģöﷴ֡
ҶЩȣѪħʥϾʦЩ
ѪħʥҲû뵽֮ҲûʲôܣҶ죬Ҳˡ
ˣҵѰϢҲıųİɣʲô취Ҷת˵
ߺٺһЦмϷƭ㡣
ʲô£Ҷüͷ
µǼбʵ۹ɳĮЦ
ҶԶʱȻѹѰôԭһλĴбСһע⡣
ͲûаħأʱƭҡҶ
ٺ٣澭ɱ¾츳Խԣôܲаħأô˵ϷҲһʱ䡣ߺٺЦ
ô˵һʼʹˣҶ쾪ȵϼһ۹δҲ̫˰ɡ
ǵǣʵϷ򵱳츳֪϶μӻԣʱ㱻ɱˣϷ򻹻ѡˣϷаǴҽаħءŵ˵
ߣҶһƿǰĹһŨĻҳһƺɳȥ
ҳĹ֮УһϵӰĿ⣬߽Ҷ졣
ʱҶܵһǿʥΧնˣ޷
ϼһҶʱصһۡ
ǹǿʥʱʧ
߼˵ϷˮóȻԶ㣬Ϸںʱ򶯾ܴ󣬱ʱС˵㡣
Ҷԣ˵ͷϾͰߵˮóˣǿ͸ߵĳ
ٺ٣óںû˿ˡСӣȥŰɣʶһʥ֮߹Ц
ҶʱǿˮͳǾ߲ϵӰȥæ˳Զȥ
һɿֲ겨֮бεĲˣ˷ϯΧĿռ䶼ˡ
ҶȻ֮ɫʥǿߣ֮ʥ֪ʲôʱܹﵽ磿


796 
޾ʥƵĹΪģƴоˣ˷ϯȥնڶһƬս
ҶԶסӣߵķ򣬰Ȼѣʥǿߵƣ޵еʥ֮£ܵһϢĿֲѹ
ʵѧԺʱҶҲλʥǿˣЩʥϾϢҶֻܸеɲ⣬ûܵʥǿߵʵ
壬ȫϢزסǹӴʥ춯أֲ졣
Ȼǿ󣬵Ҳ޵еģڵңѾܹܵʥǳˡҶңޱš
ڽԺ֮ǰ޷ʥǿߵʥ֮վڣٿͦվˡ
ţֻҪȵ𾳽磬ôʥǿߣҲ;Զˣô߸ϵĴ˵ˡ
˼֮䣬ʥԽԽֲҶ첻Ӳźȥ
ǰƵĹ֮Уһߴĳ𣬱ɹâ磬ΪѤʡ
ߴʱϥڳĶˣźɫųıԴ֮ϵϢԽԽӴ
䣡
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Ȼһ࣬ɢȻҶֲܵ
Ѫ
ͻȻһϵ쳹ա
ţǿɺමȻһ˿˿ѪӶһһ߽ʵͦεҶǰ
ߵȥ˿һ»ָʥ磬һΪȫعˡ
һǧˣϷڻˡһ˫ӣһǿϢҲҶȴоǰӣøǿˡ
ৣ
˲Ҷǰ˲ƣǿߵ˲ƻҪ죬Ҫڣ·նԣͬ
СӣϷӦ㣬ֻҪͰĴб͸ڸϷسŵʱˡ
΢ЦؿҶ죬֮䣬һ޴ʯ̨ڲԶ
ҶȥŹϵʯ̨ϣһʯͨɫƾϢ·Ե
СӣڴħϷޣ̸˵գҶ˾ʧˡ
ҶЩĽ˲ƾˬȥﶼڣȷпˣҲˡ
Ҿ𾳽ҲԶˣʱҲ˲ơҶ찵뵽ߵʯ̨ǰʼħ
ѧħĹʱбǼֱɼˣˮɡ
ңҶ챾Ĺ澭ħ޵񹦣Уӳǳ£ָŶС
Ѿ޵񹦣ֻҪܹõֻأ֮ͬ˭ҵĶ֣Ҷг˼˷ܣһаħ֮Уջ̫ˣǳҪǿˡ
תһʱȥҶħʹߴһǺɫħǳǿ˺գնޣأ
֪ôˣҶԼһǳ⣬յЩüؿա
ڴʱһڣǱߴ£Ҷ쾪㵵ط֣ϼһ֮ǰ緢ȴһֱֻۣϻѪ˵Ϣ˺ܶ࣬ܵش
˵ϼһǸʲôȥˣҶʱ
ҲЩΣ۰âһѪµֱ³ˣҲһµۡ
û취Ԩѹ˷֮ƾϷӳǿãͷʥˡ˵ţСóһͷͲޣҶȴһϳˣͷ֮ǰ湥ڰʥޡ
ҶЩ𾪣ŵôܣﱻѹ˷֮ѵʵɱͷޣ
ٺ٣ϷʵСӿԴġ߿Ҷ𾪵ӣ˵
ҶƲƲ죬ȴЩɡ
ˣˣϷҲ㣬ͷޱϷ󷨺ɱˡҪ֪󷨣Ϸʦõģλʥ֮£ӳȻֲͷҲķ󷨵ıԴˡ˵
ҶԶʱȻ֪һͷʥ޲ôɱģҲ÷ʥ߶λʥֲС
ʥֻҪʵ󣬻ϺɱԷٲҲߡ
Сӣ㲻תսһͷʥʬ壬ϷľѪӦ㹻ɵ߲ľתսˡЦе˵
Ҷһϲ֮ɫһߣʥ޵ľѪҲðɣ͸ң
ߵ֮䣬ѾûԷ壬ԷҲ͸һ޵񹦡
ڣôҪʥѪԷҲûҪ͸
ǺǣϷ֮ǰ˵ˣҪһʽףͷ޵ľѪǳ룬ΣЦ˵
ҶԲ÷һЦ˵ҶĳôΪʲôط԰𣿡
»ֻܰǣˣʥҲõЦ˵
ҶһȻʲôü㲻ٴ뿪аħذɣ
ЦϷ򻹲أɹȻһЦæҡͷϷʥΪ޷С棬ӹ̽ӣҲӲѧԺǼλԺ̽ӡ
ϻֱ˵ɡҶֱʵȻͷʥ޵ľѪǳҪҲΪ״Ӧߵ
Ц˵СӲõģ˵ǳ򵥣ֻҪϷһͳȥС
ȻˣҶһ˵˵ĻñҲУδҪô۰ɡ
ˣЩ⣬ֻȥҡͷ
˭ҶЩʵ
ڴתս߲㣬Ϸʹȥʱ䣬ҲʱˡһЦ漴׵һȥͷ޵ľѪˡ
ҶֻգȻֻ˵ĻôҲصˣʲô˳ȥûκӰ졣
ңа̼Ȼ˳ȥô϶˺ˣ˵˶һѡ
Ҷ쿼ǵԼڵ¾뿪ѧԺѾԶˣʱҪݴ½ǿ
ȾԱڤҺ͵ۼҵвۼһã²ʥǿߣǱڤҾͲһˡ
лڱδ֪
һ뿪ԺʧȥѧԺıҶҪЩˣʱֻܿԼˡ
£һѣܱȶһҪá
ҪǣֻҪõǰͷ޵ľѪתսĵ߲ɹʱƾݺ𾳽磬ʵﵽһֲĸ߶ȡ


797 ߲
ڰ֮УԶ֣ͷʥ޵ľѪ
ҶһϸۿԽǿѪҺԽ죬Щʳ⡣
ʥѪҺǺķһѪͬһѪɫ̫һɢųҵĹâ
ʥ񾳽ʱôѪҺͻɽɫǾѪ
ѪҺֻоѪǽɫѪҺֻǺд𣬲ϸҲ
ҶͷͷʥޣѪҺǳĺ죬죬ǱɾѪһεѪҺһſѪɫ飬
䣡
߻˻֣óһ޴ͭâ˸Ϊ͸һǿֹϵϢ
һεҫųҹâľѪ߷֮ͭУʱͭͺһɽ緢Ѫɫâ
Ҷ쿴ð࣬ʥǿߵľѪȻҪƾõһʥǿߵʬ壬Ҳֻܸɵۣ޿κΡ
úͭڵľѪԽԽ࣬ǹʢѪӿȣһƬϼΧա
СӣһľѪӦ㹻ɵ߲ľתսˡʣµһ뾫ѪϷӡԺܻõ˵գٴȡһͭ
ҶæлȻʹСУѾ׼õĵرҲ˳һͭС
߲תսĵرѾԺռˣͲʥǿߵľѪˡ
ڣһжȫˡ
Ҷ쿴ǰͭ˷ܣֻҪɵ߲ľתս壬Խޣﵽʥǿǿȡ
Ҷۡ𾳽磬Ϻܹˡ
䣡
ͻȻһɾ֮⣬ԶƵͬһɱӿĺϯڰض𶯡
ֹͣ۾һУתս壬λҪˡ
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Ҷɻ󣬲ʱܲôֱ֮࣬ͭУʼ߲ľתս塣
һ˿˿ɫĹâҶŶ˽ɫ
߼״Ҳ޾Ѫü֮䣬ȴһ˿ǳ

ھԨһߣ޾ĺڰ֮Уһ޴ʯϣһͨɫħɢԽԽȵľ֮⡣
ħ⼣߰ߣ֪ڴ˵ض꣬ϴֲڲ
Ȼʱһ˿˿ɫĹ⻪ħ͸һ⼣ʼ䣬һǿľ֮⣬ͬˮһ㣬ӿ񷡣
ǿ޴ʯҲһ˿˿޴ѷ죬ħӳȥ
Χһ޴󷨣Ԩеɶγһ޴ĺɫС
£ĵҲֻˣ
ͻȻһɫӰڴˣɢһɳİ
˵λϷꡣ
˫ɣʯϵǰѾħĿгš
ɣɣԨҾʹȥ¡Ϸ˵ôϥ֮Уǹɿֲľ֮⣬Χ

ħš
һ޴Ĺ֮УλħŸۼһһĿޱء
λ
һλϵħŸɨһۣټǰΪħ֮ӵ顣
ħ֮ӳ𣿡
û뵽ʱ֮꣬壡
α֮ѣ֮壬ҵʥҲֻܸ׳Ƴ
ӡô꣬ħһֱûжΪδ˷ͻȻһ֮壿

һħŸʱ۷׷ףɫ
λһ£ҪζԴλħ֮ӣɱ𣬻װŲ֪֮ǰλħŸ˵
ĸԣɵ˳Ĭ
Σһλҡͷħ֮ӼȻаħأȴǣȻǼɵǣǾװŲ֪ˡ
ߣǵʥ磬ȻҪ׳Ƴһλߵ
ɱΪʥһСƨ׳Ƴһλɱ˵
ɱˣ͵ħ棬Ҳͬôиҡͷ
ħ汻ӡô꣬˭֪ʲôʱͻƷӡкξ壿и
ɱֻҪħһ첻ȾҪһĵ
λݲϵħŸ״üȻλϣǾͶƱɣӶΣ
ͬ⣡
ͬ⣡
͸ˡ
λдһ֣ǰϡ
λݲϵħŸͳһ鿴óĽ
λɱħ֮ӣԾ󻼣λװŲ֪ħ֮ӵĴڣһλħ֮ӡ
ĽλȻϣû˿⡣
Ͼڳľλһ϶ںɾʥģЩʥħѾǴ˵еĴڣȻ̫ɵħ档
ԪþԶĸԼ࣬ȻЩɵħ棬ҲԸһСħ
Ψһһħ֮ӵ飬õλ֮ɫ
֪ǳλѣʵҪ֪Ƕʥεô͸һСء
ϧû˻شΪǲͶƱ˭Ҳ֪һƱ˭Ͷġ
Ȼˣôλϵĸʱ˵ϰˡϾţǶȥɱħ֮Ӱɣ
˵գָĩλ
һȻ
ʦ֣ħ֮Ȼӵ֮壬Ͼûдﵽʥ磬ѵõųλʥиɻ
ʨӲãǾȫοԷħ֮ӣСʻ괬ϵĸߵ
ĩλλվֱ˲ȥ

аħصļ̳Աߣɫ飬ͬڣź嫵Ĳãء
ʱһѪɫĳԶֱӷ̳
ɫ飬ĿһǵѪɫ磬üͷüȴûг֣ƾǵ罵ڼ̳ǰ
Ҷ죬Ϊӵֻ֮Լ֪𣿺ߣһΣҿӹħʥ׷ɱ
ʵĸаħصķ򣬱ף¶һĨЦ
һâʧڼ̳ϡ

ͬʱھԨڰĹ֮ڣһɳҵĽɫâһͭбƬ񷶼Ⱦ˽ɫ
߲ľתս壬ѾǾתսļˣݴ½ûһλɵڰ˲ľתսɣ߿ǰ֮ͭ̾ɫ
תսŹаҲղأһġ
Թ߲ľתս壬ȻɹҲûУЩţҪɵ߲ľתս壬Ǻɵġ
ڰ˲ľתսͼɹˣΪҪڰ˲ľתս壬ҪľѪУȻҪľѪ࣬ǱϾľѪ
ݴ½һλûˣôܵõľѪ
ħ浹ǻţϧ屻ٵˣսҲӡˣûѪҺľѪ
ڵھŲľתս壬ҪľѪһ޷ɵ񹦡
ԣ߾Ҷܹžתս߲㣬ѾǼˡ


798 ⹬
ڳɹˣ
һ޴ͭУ߳һɫӰ
Ҷ·һɫս񣬴ӽɫĻ֮߳Žɫԣޱȵҫ۶Ŀ˫ҵĽɫ˺ѿռ䣬ޡ
һǿѹȸУҶɢ˷ϯȥòԶ߶һ
Ǿתս壬Źųݴ½һ幦ȷԲ顣ܹ߰̾ܵҶһҲ֮ˡ
ھԨ޷÷֮£ھΪʥҲɱҶ죬ѹסҶѡ
⻹ʥ
Ļܶ÷֮ľԨֱӻᱻҶ򱬡
ҶڽһλۣȻܴﵽĳ̶ȣЩӵʮǿʵţ۾磬Ҳֻܴﵽˡ
ʮתս߲㣬Բɱ¾֮޵񹦣ڵң۾統УҲûжˡ
ҶĿгţһ̣ܵԼǿ
Ƿ֮޵񹦣ǿȣﵽ۾ܴﵽļޣô༫ۺֲʵ
ţǵѧԺӣҲ۾ӵʵ
߲ľתս壬Ѿ𾳽ˣƾҶھܿԲǿߣټϷ֮޵񹦣Ѿֱư벽ʥˡ
۾н벽ʥʵϹšԶʱҲУЩӵʮǿʵĳţҲˡ
ҪǣҶŸոմﵽʮڻüͻ𾳽磬ʱ
СӣоôһԣЦеʵ
оңҸоҵҲѪҿΧġҶһЦ
һ㶣𾪵Ѫžתս廹ô˵ڵʥˣǲ˼鰡
ѪʥĲֻ֮ʣһ⣬һѪٶ壬
Ҷսʱ򣬻Ͽڲ֮ˣʥ£˿ɱҶˡ
Ҳû뵽߲ľתսôҪܹɵڰ˲㣬ǵھŲľתսͺˡҶЦǺ˵˷֮ɫ
߷˷ۣӸҶһ飬ҡͷľתս壬㿴ڰ˲͵ھŲҪıɣⱲӱɹˡ
ϾȻľתս壡ҶԾæ飬Ȳز鿴
תս岻ǺѣѵҪıҶһڰ˲תսЩ嵥󣬾ˡ
ʥΡЩĵرȫݴ½ټıҶԽԽԽľ
󿴵ҪʮѪ󣬾ͳˣݴ½ûһȥѪһҲܵõ
ĵھŲ㣬ȻҪһľѪҲ̫ˣѹ˵㼸޷ɹˡ
ô֪˰ɣܹɵ߲ľתս壬ѾǼˣݴ½ҲҲһɵڰ˲ľתս塣˵
ҶⱾľתս壬Ц߲͵߲ɣԺؾ칬ҲǾ칬ľѪ¡
һԴ˵ҲˣСӻ̫ʥʥӣ칬ȻûˣλػϣܿѪ˵Сӻܹɵڰ˲ľתս塣
Ϸָڰ˲ľתս壬ǿǽӽǿߵ壬һɹʥ˭Ҳɱˡ
ҶԼѣתսȻѣһɣʵķǳֲ֮١
ȻҶҲ˷֮Ҫ򣬿֪֮ߵռ֮
ˣϵҴʲô뿪аħأڿ˵˰ɣҶ漴ʵ
ԹһЦָźڰ棬˵ߣǱ߱˵뿪˵ء
뿪˺ڰ߽ڰҶһ۾Ϳʬ壬飬ǳġ
ֻЩʬ嶼𼶱µģûһ𼶱ϵޡ
Ҷ֪Щǿʬô϶ˣչС磬ЩۡʾʬҲȫ
߼״ɻСǸʲôЩʬӦûôɡ
ΪʥȻЩۡʼʬ壬ҶҲϡ
ҶһۣƲҼΪߵ߲磬ЩʬԺûȥôܴ󡣡
߸Ҷô꣬Ȼ֪Ҷ̾Ҳ֪Ϲĩʲô飬ǿľ칬ڹȻһȫûֻʣһλػϡ
ڹʲô˼Ҷ߻еֵۣɵɻ
߲ؿҶһۣɵСѵ֪칬𣿡
ϸֻ̫ʥĺʥӣֻеҽ𾳽磬̫ʥʥӣԺܶйؾ칬Ҷ̫ҶҡͷЦ
ЦǲҸղ˵ʵǾ칬
Ŷϸ˵˵Ҷһ˵ʱˡ
һ߳ԶڰУһ̸
˵Ϲʱ칬ΪڹΪŴʥɾľŴ״ӿھĵϵҲǾ칬ͳ
Ҷͷ⹬ܺ棬֪ʲôĴڡ
ֻ߼˵һ˵ڹľ칬Ǿ칬ĵϵҲ֪ϹʱǺεȵĴڣʱʥԸЩ˲ǳԾ칬ȴҲǾ칬ˣԱ𻮷⹬
֪ˣ⹬ǵ׷ߣԺ칬׷ߣ԰ɣҶʱȻ
ҶԼڣѾкܶ׷ˣҶ˵꿡ܣЩԺҶƹܵ
⹬Ǿ칬׷ɵȻֻǾ칬⹬ǧСǵʵһҲȲǣݴ½ĵһǾ칬⹬˵
Ҷһŵ˵칬⹬ڻڣݴ½һ
ʵ̫ˣΪ칬Ѿûˣû뵽һ⹬Ȼưݴ½𾪡
ߵͷϹĩһսǾ칬⹬û˲μӣʵû˿ʧȻݴ½ǿ
ôˣҶŭǾұѾ칬ѾѵǾ칬ĹɵôǱѣ
Ǿ칬ڹ⹬ķѣھʱͷˣûоĴڣǾ칬ڹҲʧȥ˶⹬ƿأһλѾ޷Լ⹬ˣҲûйȻѾ칬ֻǲܾ칬Ŀƶѡ˵
ҶԵɴ۾˵ʲô˵ˣôܣ


799 а֮
Ҷ˿з칬һ⹬ڣѾǳˣû뵽顣
ⲻܣô䣡Ҷҡͷǳ̫ţ֪ȵԺ񾳽磬ȻڣôϹʱأⲻ
ңϹʱֻоһǿߣ˭ɱ
Ҷž䡣
߼״ҡͷȻϷҲǴӹż֪ģȷģǾ䣬칬ôܻû䣿ңʬ壬ھǾ칬УȥػϾ֪ˡ
ʬ壡
Ҷһ
ʬھ칬һ߲ܻƭΪһؾ칬Ȼ֪ࡣ
ң֪һֻҪʣһѪսܸ꣬
ֻ壬ˣȻ࣬Ҳ
Ҷ컹Ǻţôǿľ𣬴̫ʱϹʱôܻͻȻ
һȥһѯػϣ⹬ʲôطҶ侲һʵ
ָգ˵뿪аħأеǾ칬⹬ڡ
Ҷһ㶣漴𾪵⹬棿
ǳ𾪣ǿ칬⹬Ȼ֮ϡ
ߵ˵ͷ˵Ӧ֪ڵݴ½ʵǴһϣ֮⣬޾̫աǾһϹʱ칬⹬ռݡ
ǿյҶΪԽߣȻֻ뵽̫յıڰЩɵʥ߿̫з𣿡
ʵʥ𣬴ﵽʾ磬ѾԷɳˡֻ̫ʱλ˻ʲ󷨷ӡˣֻдﵽʥܴԽַӡ˵
Ҷ찵̾ʥǿ߲֪ţڵʵݴ½Ҳϵ۷ڣԽӴЩˡ
ˣ֪һЩҲĸеڴʯϣеںһСϡ߼˵
ԭˣҶȻѹǰٿˣԭ󲿷ˣ֮⡣
ţǡͻȻҶĿֱǰйâ
Ҳͫһ֮ɫ
ǵĲԶһλϷ꣬档
ڸԶһĵطһž޴ʯʯһǳӴ滹һʯ⼣¶ֲľ֮⡣
ʵԽܸܵľ֮ԽԽǿҶ˵߲ľתս壬ʥǲߵġ
ôҶȻϳϷꡣ
ҲˣΪ˾ħû뵽ôˣ˼ǵþħ
˵ǸأҶͻȻʵ
ָǰľ޴ʯԶʱа潫ΨһĶӷӡаػ
а֮ӣҶԵһ̶𾪵аΪηӡĶӣ
Ϊа֮ӵħ֮壬ħ֮ʮǿʣлΪ𡣵ԶʱѾ˾λΪĳЩԭÿʱֻܵλаӡа֮ӣϣа֮Ϲʱɾ𡣡˵
Ϊа֮ϹʱûгҶɻ
ʵа֮Ϲʱˣû뵽Ϲʱһӿµħ棬˰а̣֪а֮֮󣬳ճΪʱ򣬶֮壬ñаˡħҲˣѳа̣ħšЩŭ˵
˵ʲôħа֮ӵħ֮壿Ҷ𾪡
ЩͬؿҶһۣ֮֮̾ĵرɱ˵ΪҪǣܹɱ˵ʡϹʱħֱħĻɱţЩʵţһǿʶߣһ˾ӵǧʣԽϹ񣬽ӽ𡣡
Ҷ˫ȭӶڲħһˣ͵֮壬ûֹܣȻħ溦ԼԽ
ħ汾ӵ֮壬ٶħ֮壬һ˾ӵʮǿʣǧʣ˸жôǿҶýֺͷҲõ
λаܹ֮ħлҲа֮ӡҶ̾
ŵа汾Դ֮аİ£а֮ӵħ֮ѾָˣϷţһ˵Уа֮ӾԻһΪҲϣΪĴڡ
Ҵа֮ӳȥҶԲ÷ӵʮǿʵţȷʸΪΪ
а֮ӴаħСطΪʥܳΪֻгȥСߵͷ
ãҴӦˣϣܹٽһаıԴ֮Ҷ֪а֮Ӷа̵ҪʱȻŹ̺ôĻᡣ
ôӵۣŭСӣϷ򶼸һʥȫѪˣ֮ǰѾȥа˰ɡ
Բɱ¾֮ʵ̫ˣһҵݱħŷ֣аħأôа֮ӾһӱȥˡҶ쵭˵
㡭Сӣ㲻ҪôߣԲ㱻ѪҶڵʵʥǿߣ벽ʥҲˡ
ҲΪа֮룬ҲµûдĻǾ칬˷аħص󷨣ʵǷа̺ħţΪ˷ӡа֮ӣ԰ɣҶؿߡ
һ֪ǰСӵĿˣСʵ̫ˣȹʥеһ˿ѹ
߱ϾʥϾ˼ǧ꣬򶨵˵˵ǺҲ²⡣
ҶϼһﻹϣЦҲµûдĻػڼ̳飬һᷢа֮ӣԺ˰ǣҲܴа֮뿪аħأһᱻ鷢ֵġ
ѵа취а֮Ӷ̽ӣ߲м
ҵȷܶ̽ӣ̫֮壬̫ʥʥӵƣ̫ʥʥӣ൱ھ칬ĸֻҪҰа֮ӷŽСУԲðɱҵΣɱа֮ӵġҶЦ
ԣйˣЩεصҶһۣ˵ʵϷĲһŲСӣ⾫ȵЩ˼ǧϹˡ칬ʥӣһ϶ᴴԻ͡
ǵȻҶŵһЦ
ߣҲ˵̫磬֮ϵ⹬ɲ칬һλԻͣСӵĵ˻кܶءߵ
Ҵ칬ԸаعںãٴκҶ˵
һ̶ؿҶһۣͷϷͬģǶһͬĵˡ
ħ棡Ҷɱ˵
ʱ򣬲ԶϷ껺۾ɫ貹ߺҶ
һ޵еİϱ޾ѹŰ


800 
ϷĿϬ絶磬ӻվ̬ӹŽʮأȫ¶ɢһΨİ
ǵ˽ܣݴ½ǿţԽϹšԶʱˡ
Ҫ֪ϹšԶʱӵʮǿʵţҲǳټ
Ҷ첻òϣڵ̫ˣһѾվݴ½۷ľ콾ʲôطܳƵǵһ
ӱʮ˹һ·ҶţҲţûһţܹǰϷȼ硣
ǳưԺѧԺӵģϷǰҲԵȻʧɫ
ʥǿߣ˿̶޷ǰϷȼ硣
߶̾ӵʮǿʵţһɳ𾳽磬ǾҲ޷ɱˣδݴ½һҲΨаܹ֮ȼˡ
ڲԺҲҶЩ˵Ϸʹ䣬ӱʮ˹һ·ǿкܶ࣬󻹲һˡ
콾ĴߣǺεȵ緢ѹڱʮ˹һͷֻʣһҶ
һǺεȵŰԵһ·׷ɱҶ죬ûҶĻԣҶõ˵һ
ķ֮أƼ߳ưԣǱҶӲɱһ޵Сķš
ֻҪȵҶȥԺҲֻʣһܹȼˡ
ҶԼţûзǿţҲԼһӮ
޵еҶߵһ
ƫͷŵҶһۣЩʵ˵ûмҶţ츳УȴԼŬһ۷塣
Ϸɾ콾ôҶһһ˭Ҳ޷
뿪
֣Ȼ
ԶϷֻƽؿҶһۣĿϣϾǰУҲֻʥеΣա
ҶԴ˲û⣬Ȼ֪ԼڱȲϷ꣬˵츳࣬ԷѾǰ벽ʥˣۣ̫ˡ
ܵһ˿ѹȸУԷĿֲʥ궼ЩɵİҲҲڶ֡
ˣϷȷܲǰѾħаעа̱õˣҲаħء߳˵һǿʥ¶ţϾʥǿߣݴ½۷ڣȻᱻһˡ
Ҷһȫ⣬תսﵽ˵߲㣬ʥȻֵܹסʥˡ
ȻΪǾԨ޷÷֮ʵ½࣬ҲҶܹ׵סʥԵʡ
뿪
Ϸ˵Ŀǣ̤գ·ÿһ̤˵ͷҶоĿЩѹ֣ǳܡ
һԵߣüͷһ壬¶֮ɫ
Ҷзǳ𺳣֪ΪϷƿⷽأʹһһⷽصĹת
򵥵˵֮ⷽУϷף顣
ҶʵҲõҲõ
ǣͬõֻϷɹˣ˵ʲô
˵ⷽصƿ֮УϷӮˡ
ҶúܸģΪȲϷ꣬ҲȲߡ
߱ϾʥҲϷ꣬ͲòҶˡ
ȻߵɫȻ࣬һȵӵвţϷ޷÷֮ȷ㣬ҲκβϷ򡣡
𣿡
Ϸ껰δ䣬˲ͳǰ̧һֻɫȭͷҵâЯŻصݺݵغߡ
̫ˣ
Ҷ쾪ֲϷٶȣ뵱սϷȫͬ
ҶɵʱҲ֪Ϸ˶ʵ
һΣʥǿߣϷȻȻţȴûʵˣչǿһ档
ܺãϷһ²߱ϾʥȻ᲻սˣһȭӡ
ھԨѹƷ֮ĵطûʲôʽԣΨ
˫ӲӲԾԵƴһȭ
䣡
һȭضһ·ڲ֮ը졣
Ҷ쿴ǰ˽սĵطһɿֲβۿɼٶȣ˷ӳȥ
ʱһշ飬ռ䱻ըѡݻ٣ռ籩ϯ֮ⷽŰš
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𣿡䣬ƲҲˣϷΣ
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ԶҶ죬оܵѹƣæ׵ֵ
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ۣ
ϷһӴһѪסϷ˫ȭֱֻ۶ˣ嶼ݻ˰ߣ˵ɳȥ
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Ȼı䲻ϷѹŴľ档
ԶҶ죬Ź֮ɫһʥһѹҲֻܿõˡ
ȻҶȴǳϷߵս֮У˼ߵսɡ
óϷóսÿһȭƿصеô߷ʤֻܱķ
ּսɣҶҲʰ·磬֪ϷԲǽǿĲ츳Ǵһδսĥǿߡ
෴Ȼͺܴ󣬵ںڰһǧ꣬ս棬ҶƽȲϷꡣ
СӣæϷᣬоˬ𣡡
Ҷ˷ܵѧϰϷսʱԶѾϷò߶Ҷŭ
ҶԣֻԥƬ̣ͳȥҲϷУ򲻹ԷҲĥһԼսɣֻɲʲôʱ򶼻еġ


801 
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ҶӶ˫ȭ˶ɢɫĹâͬһɫս񣬼սţ߹Ϸꡣ
˵߲ľתս壬ʥھԨֵطսʵ߲٣ų֡
Ϸ꿴ҶɱɫϲЦȻûʧȻ˵߲ľתս壬ʥܺãܺã
ĳޣҶȴûһ˿ϲɫ֪ԼԷĲ࣬ҲܻϷꡣ
ⲻ
Ϸһȭ޵еİֱӳɢҶĶսȭ⣬ɫҲѹĶս򣬽ȭƳ׻
ܣ
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һԵߣҲͬԷһȭѹסˣʵ̫ˡ
ʮǿʵУҲΨʥ壬ѹһǲƴ߳ѡ
Ҷ԰һϻھԨֵطƴƴʲô
䣡
ûüϷ˫ȭ޵еİѹǼϢ޷ٷĽֻҧֵ
Ҷһߵֵһ߹ۿϷսɣѧϰĺûᡣ
һߵߣ򲻿һ㣬ͨ˵Ĳࡣ
ȻҲ츳һʥ츳ϣҶͲԶˣȻҲ֪Ϸսɺȴ޷ѧϰ
ҶȴһԼȼʥսɣοۿϷչߵսɡ
Ҷֱ˷ܼˣ·һ麣һϵŴϷѧսɣȻʩչжԱȡ
һѧһãҶڵ״̬
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ҶͻȻĿʢг˼˷ܣϷսɵľˡ
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ϷѾȭ뱾֮УͺǳԷˮһѾϰˣԿ̬ʩչ
˵ѣû˵˳Էѡ
ΪǺȻѣԷȴһͣѾϤˣ·ܣҪѾͻᡣ
Ǳܡ
սɴﵽһ̶ȣһ۷ˣͻơ
Ҫ֪ƽ˵սȾģ⣬ʲôʽڴȥ
ڣҶͿʡȴһֱ̣ӲͨԵ˼ԱܵȥЧʣٶȣ˶ٱ
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а֮Ҫˣ߿ʯϵѷԽԽ࣬жʱһ˿ϲɫ漴һԵҶ͵սʶҲսɣͨΪ߸ȼֱǳм߼۷弶ռ
⻹зּǰôû˵ҶʱȲѡ
ֻͬ׸֣ƾսɻʤǶ˵ҪĻʵԺֻ̽ʥһЩţС˵
ô˵֮ǰսɣˡǴﵽ˾ҸоѾǼˣôռҶ˵
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Ҷһû뵽ϷսôѾԽʥ
Ӹղŵս֮УȷԿóԼս棬ǳԽߡ
˵ռսʶܹĳսʶȻҲܹǰ򡣻Ϥ˵һ˵ΪǾħ򡣡˵
Ҷзǳ𶯣ԭռսʶħһɲôģϷӵʮǿʣҲû
Ҷ쵱춷ǰһΣһ˵ֻһħΪǿģԼģֻһ롣
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ҶЩ֣ɨӶȴûиӦа֮ӵĴڣӦʵϷ꣬ûза֮ӵϢ
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𣡡ϷĿʢɫâֱǿѵľ޴ʯܺã֮ͬУΪֹûһ֣һϣ㲻Ҫʧ
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Ǻεȵİεȵţ
˶ԼѾ޵УҶҲȲϣ϶ȶȡħһа֮ӵ
߼״ЩϲͺϷŵа֮ӳڲõˡ
а֮Ѿﵽ벽ʥ磬ЩȻ޸ħ֮壬ʵȻһϷ֮¡˷ܵ˵
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һ̣ͬʱХ𣬳˴ˡ
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802 ʯƬ
ԨϷа֮ӣλ콾ǸӦԷǿ󣬲ö˵ڵսֱӱսһ
Ϊ˳ޣҲΪ˾ħֻΪе޵ս⡣
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ȭȭƶƣһ˲ײΣֻѣռֲನȥԨ
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ϷѾһ޵УǰĶ֣Ѿվ۷壬һƷʤ͹¶
˵֮Ψж
ҲΪʲôʶҶ츳֮󣬲ûɱҶ죬ѡҶɳ
Ȼԭ򣬸ҪǣϣڽһһսĶ֡
ͬа֮ԶʱѾưһԶʱǸʱһгʵȻ˵
һΣһ̬ħ棬û׼ãټΪħ棬Ųⱻħ֮塣
񣬽а֮аıԴ֮ٶȻָħ֮壬ƶһ¥
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˵˭ǿҶһ߹սһѯԱߵߡ
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Ҷ԰ңϷа֮Ӳתս壬ʲô俹⡣
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ҶۿһɫѪȾԼ˫ȭ۳һֻ̫ɽһСľȭ
Сӣ쿴ǲѪųƱȼѪҺæ˵
ҶʵѾӦˣɫѪҺǳҫ۶ĿһѪͺһ̫ɢɵĹâ
ԭͨһȭϷѪҺȾ֮Ȼɱɱӣõһնױˡ
䣡
ħȭײһɿֲױըĿռ籩ϯŰ
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Ҷа֮ӱӡĵطﻹʯƬӦ֮УЩƬ滹̺Ϥ
аıԴ֮а
ʯ⣬ȻԱаıԴ֮аôȥûɢ
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Ща֮ǿˣǶҶ˵ȴһ˲õ
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Щʯ֮еȷ̺ɱ¾򣬶ҷǳа棬ɱ¾Ҷ̫˷ˡ


803 ݱ¶
Ԩ⣬һʵĴսţû˾ԨѹƣϷа֮Ӷ˷֮˵ʵٶȴÿһɿֲ졣
Ҷ켴Ǽʮףصףܸܵ洫Ŀֲ
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ֲ̫ˣ˵ΪȻڰ벽ʥ磬սȴѾȼʥʥҪǿ󡣡
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а֮ӺϷִڣѾϵս⣬ͷ·صս֮ǻ
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Ҷ˫âңš
ʼɱ¾ааıԴٶȷǳ졣
аıԴȻ̺ɱ¾Ҷ֮ǰû뵽ġ
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Ѳɱ¾򣬵ɿԣôаıԴ̺˿ԵĲο𰸡
ǰҶſԣ⡣һжҪԼ֪ԲԣԽеٶȿ϶
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ˣ뿪ҶҲ˿ڴʱȻһͻһǰδеΣӿͷ
СġԶߴ
һֻ޴ħƣͻȻҶͷϿգһ¡
λʥûߣΪ˲ע⣬Ҷ˱ɱһ


804 а
䣡
һ˵ԵޱߵĻ֮ƺҪⷽض״ݻ٣ҶܵϢĿֲѹ
áҶһͻ֪Σյʱ̣ҲȲԼֻԼ
ֻҪͦһƣ߿϶Ͳõˡ
˼ֻһ˲תҶϾǷˣ˲ӦֶΡ
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ˣʱҶҲ˲ñ¶ݣľŶ˳ӭµһơ
Ŷ񣡡
Ǿ𴴳޵񹦣ȻھԨҶ̫ʮʽﵽ˵ڰʽ
һҲҶھŶȡ˾޴ͻơ
ʱҶһоŶɫ񶦶ȻԻ֮Уһҫ۶Ŀ̫ɢҵĽ⣬ضյޱ
񶦣ѧԺԺʦУҲܹһ
ңɫ֮У̺һ֮Բɱ¾֮һԲɷ֮һɾɱ¾֮
Ŷͬ޵񹦣κη֮Уܹӳ޵񹦵
ҲֻоϹŵһˣܴôǿ޵񹦡
ϧСҪ𾳽磬ǾԴеˡԶڸߣǽ̾Ϣ
оŶȷҶʥ֮Ĳ̫ˣȻȫ֮£һеѾӽ벽ʥȫһˡ
һΣҶԵĶ֣һλʥ
ԣϷа֮ڣ϶Ҷˡ
Сӣ㲻аħأЦҶ𣬴д
ɫľ޴ƣͬĦ̣ĥһ񶦣Ҷֶ¡
Ҷȫһʥǰʵ̫ˣһ
ž޴̫ͼҲֻһǿʥ˵ҲֻǱɽһǶѡ
ⲻҶ̫ʵʥľ̫ˣϷа֮ʮǿţҲֻڰ벽ʥ磬ܿʥ
Ҷڲʮ츳ôǿҲõ
Ҷȴû˿⣬ĿȻޱȼᶨǰλʥһһ˵һаħأһħš
δ䣬ûȶĺʥЦһ޴ĺɫɽ壬㶸ȻУҶǰ
ߣʥΪҶóʲôȴû뵽ֻһڲɽ壬мЦһ
ʥʵ㼸ɽ嵲ǰ涼˲ݻ١
Ϳˣ
Լǰĺɫɽ壬Ҷ찵һ̾漴תսе˼£˫ȭ˫ŵǰסԼҪ
䣡
һ죬ʥĺɫħƣݺݵغ޴ĺɫɽ档
𾪵һĻˡ
ʥǿߵȫһȻûкɫɽ壬ɫɽ棬һѷۼûг֡
ⲻܣʥɴ۾š
ԶߡϷꡢа֮ˣҲŵؿһĻ
¡¡Ȼɫɽû飬ǿֲ֮£ɫɽͬһҶȥ
һΣҶûа취ֵ˶ɫɽУ˫˫˲䱬飬ħѪȾ˲񷡣
ҶڵĹͷ޴ˣһɫɽ˵ϣһֱ䵽˵ص
Ѫ
ȻܵشҶȴûʥãѸٻָš
ͬʱҶ֮ҲΧ֮޸
㰾ˣҶ찵һȻʱأȴû
һۣһʥȫһ֮ûҪǴ˳ȥݴ½䶯ġ
öûв´Ӧǿߵָ׶԰ɣ˼ӲҴһ
ڴʱһЦ
Ϸٶ죬סλʥһץɫɽ壬ƿ˲ƶȥ
а֮ȻҲ˹ȴһû˿źֻЩȵؿҶһۣеս
Сӣˣ뿪аħأλʥ״֪ʱɱҶˣֻһ˲ȥ
ΪԷһҶսСУа֮ӣа˲ƶȥ
ߵʵȻλʥҪߣʥҲѲס
Ҷа֮ӣ˲أߵСˡ
ͬʱҶҲڴ֮ǰ飬õλʥľ
֪ΪʲôħƺѾ֪ӵ֮Ϣһ֪ھԨλʥ
Ϸа֮֮ǰڼսλʥûϳ֣ǳϷаܾ֮˵ʱһ֣ٶشǡ
ҲҿϷа֮Ӳͬ죬¶Ҫ˫˫ˡ
֮Ҷͳˣ˻սһĻ
Сӣû뵽㻹һָףϷǰȻ֪ϧҪǸʦ𣬵ǿ԰һǿʥˡ˵
ҶЦһ£ڱʮ˹õһָףһֱûʲôãû뵽ȴԼһ
ϧҲϷˣע޷
ʱɿ죬֮߾ʹҶа֮ӻصа̡
ڸܵǹǿʥƽ֮󣬾λа̵ĸأǰӭӡ
ʵϣƾһˣûôӣΪ֮ǰ·ϵʱѾ֪ͨа̸߲а֮ӳϢ
а֮ӵаϣҲϣҪǣа֮ԺĳɾͲаҪа֮Ӳ߳аħأ»ָԶʱĻԻ͡
ԣλ߱סԪа֮̽λŴʥĸȫˣа¶ˣһڲ²⣬׳ʲô
Դˣа̸ֻ߲˵аֵһλʥа֮ӵĴڣϾа֮Ҫ뿪аħصģ㱻֪
һصа̣а֮ڼһڸ֮ѯһЩ飬ȥаչˡ
ҶҲصԼסһ߱չˣһߵȴߵϢ
֪߿϶Ὣݸа̸߲ģа̸߲Ϊͳа֮ӣҲҪæ
Щ鲻һ仰ͿԶµģŴ󸱽λµĸȫΧһ
Ҷĵػָƣջ־ϵħָ
һ֮Ҷȫָˣ֮ôͻָƣǵǿʥǿ
ڻָƲ֮߾ԸСӣˣͬľ칬ˡа汾Դ֮ǳϡ٣ֱа֮ȥ˺ܶ࣬Ѿʣ²ˣʹˡ


805 
У
Ҷԣҡͷĵɱ¾֮һԲˣȻа汾Դֺö
ҪǣҶ첻аЭģϾа֮Ӷа̵ҪҲ֪а̲ܾ
СӡüҶ̬ȼЦô˵ҲЩ飬㿴ǲǴñı滻
ıҶԣϷŰؿһۣ˵ҲУֻҪǽаɱ¾Ҿˡ
ʲôԴʧɫҶ죬ŭǿһ޵񹦵ĴбСθδ̫˰ɡ
Ҫôа汾ԴҪôɱ¾ǻȥɣҾסﲻˡҶ˵ձ۾ôӵ۵ߡ
¿ˮ̵Ҷ죬һЦã漴̾˿֪а̱ôӦˡ
Ͼаж޵񹦣һҲ£а֮Ӷа̫Ҫˣа̵δʮ޵񹦶Ҫ
ȻûʸӦҪȫа̸һֲС
бҶҲһſԴȥ޵ˣţܼɱ¾򡣡
ȥߣҶ۾ǸһĨ΢Ц
Ҷ˵а汾Դ޵񹦣϶һ޵񹦸ҪǿԴȥģҶӵ޵񹦡
ЩΪʲôǿ
Ϊϳӵде޵񹦣ʵȻǿ
ңԽЩ޵ˣĵرԼӵ
ڵʥأǵ޵ôģȻǳȻҲõġ
Ҫѧϰ޵񹦣ô׵ģҪ㹻Ĵ۲С
һ㣬ԽԽǿ󣬳ΪȻȻ
ԺΪʲôôţҲǿ޵񹦣Щʥض㲻ϵͨˣҪԺѧϰ޵񹦡
һ޵񹦣һɵĵ̣޵񹦣ҶԺǿ߶ѧϰͬ׵ʵȻȱ˸ǿ
ҶԽԽǿ󣬽㲻ܳΪҲܳΪһǿʥء
Ҫǣɱ¾ܼٲɱ¾Ҷ˵̫ҪˣԸа汾Դ
Ƕа˵а汾ԴȴҪϾж޵񹦣һҲûʲô˵ģҵȵԺа֮ӳΪȻٶһ޵񹦡
аѾˣа汾Դʣô࣬һһ㣬ֲǳϡٵıȻаϧ
ԣҶаջѡЭġ
Ȼ֮ˬعʾаͬ콾аҲϣҶӦһ¡
ʲô£˵첻ɱҡҶһϲȴ˵
ߵҶһۣߵºܼ򵥣ϣа֮ݴ½ʱʲôΣգһҪ
ʲôЦа֮ӿʥʵҪΣգƵ÷ʥ֣ܳһСС۹ʲôãҶԷ˷ۡ
ߵҲȥֻԺĻԲܼȡ
ҶһףаǿǱԺɾͲҲõа֮ӣ
ãֻҪܹõһҶ˵ͷа̽ˣ㲻ʲô
ңҶĵ˸࣬ҲԺܹһа֮ӡ
бպáСӣϷɾ㣬аһλǿĴбɲҪˡóɱ¾񣬲һ˵
ιιιøڿʼбҵģԺҲҶҵģа̵ˡҶһѶ˹սԼСУЦе˵
һǿɲһСӱħ涢ˣ³ö٣ûСӴڣҶһܱס޵񹦣󣬻ᱻа̵
ߣƣԪľҲҶһš
ˣ˵ˣħѾ֪ݣаħؾͲȫˣøϽ뿪С߰˰֣˵
Ǽа֮ӳȥɣҶ첻мؿһۣߵ
ߣϷʲôʱߣħҪɱ㡣߳ŭغߵ
ˣа֮ҲòȥҶЦ
СӡϷ򲻸ϻˣ㵽׼ʲôʱߣߵҶһۣ˵
Ҳ߰ħѾ֪Ҿа̣û׼ѾħŵʥʱҪ뿪Ͷа߰λȥ̳ҶЦ
ܣҪĻħſ϶ûа̡ҡͷа̵ĸɶҪ̵ģɳȥ
ΪаҪλʥ߶ܷӳǿаֻɳλʥѡ
ǲ֪һħŻɳʥϾħռ˭Ҳ֪ǻ᲻һѡ
ħŶĵ𣬵а̶Ĳ
ȻˣԼ취ɣˣа֮ӾԶȥˡҶԣᣬ֪а̱Ǹӵġ
ȻһСӷĺˣаѾ׼üƻˣ͵ſϷɡ
ŶҾĿԴˡҶ˿ҲģϾغΣա
漴뿪ˣҶúﾲޣȴʱ
Ҷûóɱ¾񣬼ɱ¾ĵɱ¾֮Բ
ƽӣ꣬Ҷڽɱ¾֮Բľˡ
䣡
ܵԲɱ¾֮Ҷ˷ܣڵڷ֮ϣҲվԺѧԱ۷塣
Ҳֻ߲ܹѹһˡ
Ҷţ˵߲ľתս壬ʥԲ߿Կġ
ҽ𾳽磬ѧԺӵģҲҵĶˡҶŵ˵
аħ֮УȻ˲ΣջȴԤϣ˷ܡ
ͬʱҶҲΪʲôôǿ߻ðǰؾ̽ˣΪΣ֮дԵֻˣѸʵ
ʱ䣬ҽаħҲнʮʱˣٲȥҲüˡҶ찵뵽
ڲʱʱŵ죬֪ͼȥˡ
֪а̵ļƻ׼ôˣ
Ҷ쵱أߵסһԲɱ¾֮ͲǼ԰õˣûҪչˡ
ԽԽѣҲΪʲôǿǧԪá
ҶҪһԲɱ¾֮ɱ¾İҲҪʮʮʱС
⻹Ҷ죬ɱͨˣҪϰ꣬С
һǧԪҲð
ԺЩӡʥӡӣҶ֮⣬һϰ꣬ˡ
Ȼǿ˵һǧһµˣһˡ


806 Ⱥ޺Ƶ
ʲô
û
̫磬һεĶ֮Уʵĸ𾪵ؿǰĺɫӰ
ɫӰǳģӣǴϢԸӦĳһλǿ
ˣʵĸԱߣϥһϤӰȻѧԺӡ
һ׻ѧԺӣһѧԺӣһصǿϣۼһעͬѰ
ħʥ֣δɱѹָҵһҪɱһԵѧԺüͷ˵
ȺаäĿߵңĻôܻţʵĸߵ
ţǵɫӰüͷһ塣
ѧԺͺȵԣΣаΪа̶ҵºɡ
ߣʵĸһûг
ѧԺӳ˼Ƭ̣Ŀ¶˵ҵҲ̫ţȲ˵δػ뿪аħأˣҲ͸ƺһ֡
᲻֣ᱩ¶ݣֻܽˡǲУҲǿ뿪ԺɱͬһֻϡɫӰ˵漴ʧ
ʵĸվɱ˵ھȥǳСҪǻŹξǳ
˵գҲʧˡ
ѧԺӳĬƬ̣Ҳȥ

ѧԺ춷塣
ԴҶаħ֮Ҷ˵ҲҶƽ춷ޣٳȥֻ鱨õΪҪϢž
תʮȥˣҶ˵ı仯ҲܴҪľǽ̫ɽΪˣΪѧ̫֮ƣʵѾƽʮˡ
Ҷ˵ˣҲܴȻӣȴǿһӡ
ӵʵûҶڣڵҶˣҲʲô˶ǵġ
һ̫ʥӰҶˣ̫ҲʮӣֻʵսʥӣͿԳΪʥˡ
Ƹ磬ҷһĵطһȥ𣿡
ðð
춷ɽǣһ¹С֣Цݵسȥ
ɽĲԶ̫ɽ̫ӡһĿȥ
ô죿ԽԽˣҵûֹǡ̫ɽüͷ壬дһ˿ǳ͵ġ
һԵĶ̾Ϲ׾ڸĸշ³٣ȻҶһ·ѧԺԼһȴȻȲǣһҲĥһˣܲһֱ߰ɡ
ˣֲõĸоСϲżѧԺãҾȻ鱨Ҳ̽ʵ̫ɽ
̫ɽ˵öԣƳҪɳģֹһΣҲֹһΡңСϾĻ죬Ҳֻ̰Ľٶѡ̫ӿ˵
ȴٸɣ̫ɽ̾˿
ǰһСϵĹ˶̶ˣԴ׹밮ӣ԰Ρ
ǽ̫ɽ̫ЩԹߣȴܹСǻĿĽӽƵģֻжǰûо鲨ۣûзһ㣬ȻԼϲ֮С
̫ɽһֱԥǷҪѶƣ̫ԣСϣҲеڶСϳ֡
ΨжһľԲܹõɳܹ졣
Ҳǽ̫ɽˡ
簡ȥʮˣҲû˰ɣ̫ɽ춷ڰգ뵽

ʱҶվа̵һǽϣ𺳵ؿŲԶƬӿɷŨѪϢ
¡¡
𶯣ڣ·һаħصĴضڲ
ĵ޳ȺӣͬӿľˣаΧ
˷ȫ޵Ӱеĸߴ˳ǽеİС࣬ÿһɢǿϢ
ҶĸӦ֮У߰˵ʥϢǶʥޣÿһһͳаħһȺޡ
˵Щ𼶱ˣһƬͬȳһ㣬ʵ̫ˡ
Ҷа̵λ⣬Ща̵ĳǣʱӷɫף֮ɫ
а̵ЩǣͱŴˣһսеʼа̵ķУ׼ӭС
ô࡭аħеȫ𣿡ҶվڸߴĳǽϣȺ˷ڶǣʱһ֮ɫ
ھԨ޹ǣǴζ˼ʮֹһаͷʥޣԴԴ֪ж޸
аһο»˲ذɣҶӵؿһԵߡ
ԿЦνǼħŵʥߣңֻˣа֮Ӳܳ뿪аħأֻҪа֮ܳȥаʧٴҲϧ
ҶĬû뵽а׼ֶΣǰƬʢĳ档
ϯаħأаܵΧħҲܵΧЩɢ޸ǵأ¶档
£ħֻܽа̸ļʥȥˣֻܺ޶ϣħҲҪʥ
ıħ֪а̻ô˻Ҷ뿪ʱҲѷֳٶɱҶ죬Ͼħڵа̺ò˶١
ⷽ棬Ҷ쿴а̵ľ޴Ϊͳа֮ӣֱ׷ˡ
ȻҶҲаʥ˼
а֮ӵħ֮壬ֻҪкܴĻܹΪֻҪа̳һλûݴ½ȻܹٴԶʱĻԻ͡
ȻԺݴ½ֹһλаֻҪһڣһܹݴ½۷塣
߻͵͵Ҷ죬˵һλԣ˵һһһ񣬶ݴ½ʢ٣ָϹźԶʱĻԻҲǲܡ
ʵϣ߲˵ҶҲܹϵõ
̫ʱʼ̫žλ˻ʣڶ̫ʱ۷Ի͡
ԶʱоŴǧλٴοԻ͡
Ϲʱ£Ǻֳаħ棬ħʲ˵ףȾаֻҪʱ䣬ΪҲǲܡ
ȻϹʱûк֣϶Ҳ־λǧλġ
Ҳһݴ½ʮ֮µĻԻ;ҪˣһطѭǴ
ֻʱЩ׼ȷҶһһһ˭Ҳ˵Բᳬ
Ϊˣа̲ŲϧķѴа汾Դ֮а֮ǰѣȲؽа֮ͳȥ
ΪҪа֮ӸٵĻԻʱа֮ţһԻʱΪôΪһĵһλҲǲܡ
߻²⣬ھԨֵǸϷ꣬Ҳĳĳϵطĳš
Ҫ֪ϹĩôȥˣһЩӵʮǿʵŲûܣȻ࣬Ҳֻˡ
ǰ֮ûг֣ǶΪǱӡˣ͵Ի͵ʱ٣Ȼһһλλӣһλλӡ
Ȼ˭ǳɹˣôͻΪڶ𣬳ưһʱһԻ͡


807 ʥ
ϢҶǳ𺳣Ҫ֪Ϲĩôȥˣ˭֪˶λš
ȻǰЩźٳ֣ΪӡˣǶҪʱ֣ǵһ˵λӡ
Ҷ컹õһϢǹڵĵݣѧԺӣʵǵۼλʥŮĸ׷ӡһǧųġ
ˣ߻˵ǵĻһ磬ȵĸӿ¡
Ҫ֪ĵĸףҲλۼҵķʥķͬһλʥλʥϣĺӣȻ츳ǿ
Ϲĩڻ೬ţȫеһѹֻֻԻˡ
Ҷи֪̾ڲõĽĶֻԽԽ࣬һһǿ
еһ˿ѹҲеһ˿˷ܡ
һܵʱ콾棬붼Ѫڡ
ˣСӣϷ뿪ȵЩʥ޿Ҳȥˡ
ͻȻȵ
Ҷ̧ͷȥȺԽԽˣǰͷǿʥޣ̫ͬħɽѹȶư硣
а̵аѾ⣬Ѫɫабɱһͷͷޡ
ʵ̫ˣЩа̵ĵǣò󷨳ֵֹԽԽޡ
ɺѪҺŨɷϯаħء
һ𣿡Ҷ쿴а֮ӣתͷü
СΪֻаͷʥҪǵа֮ӵİȫϷҲòæֵ޹Ҫ֪ڲſʼǿ޻ںأԵ۵
бʥǿޣзʥ𣿡ҶԶʱ
ǷʥޡСô⣬Ҫ֪ʥҲֶģǰֵֻͼʥ޶ѡ߰˰ֱ֣ӽҶа֮սСУȻ˲뿪а̡
һа̣߾û취˲ˣΪЩ̫ˣܶ඼𼶱ޣǵֱӱ˿ռ䣬ʥҲ޷ôǰ˲ƣֻС
һ߾ͱɱ¾ˣʵǿֻҪǰͷʥޣӲɱһѪ·
ǰͷʥȻҲߣҪ׷ȥа֮˼λסˡ
аͷųĹҲŰͷʥֶʥսʼˣض𶯣ɱޱȲҡ
Ͽ˵˵ʥļֻ֪𾳽Ϊͨ۷Բ𡢰벽ʥʥ磬һ֪أ
ߵСУҶʵ
Сӣڲ۾磬֪ôʲôãϷ̫ˣϷû˼㳶߲ͷ˵ͲҶˡ
ҶֻýĿͶа֮ӣһаĶӣ϶֪Ķࡣ
ӦҶĿ⣬ԭĿ޵а֮۾˵ʥֱֻСʥʥʥһЩرʥͻţΪʥȻǵȼ𣬳Ϊ񡣡
СʥʥʥҶЩȣû뵽ʥ˻ֵģʵʲô磿
Сʥ磡߲ͷ˵С˰ɣϷͼʥСӳЦɡ
ǺǣҶԺǺһЦѹ߲ʥĻ֣ԭ˼ͼʥ³ѡ
Ҳ⣬ϾϲŸոջָʥΪҶ찲ο
ߣϷòοȻϷһǧ֣ϷķȻڽҪ˶ãϷܽΪʥˡߵ
ˣ֪ʦʲôʥ𣿡Ҷ첻ɵúʵ
Ѫħƥ츳Ѿﵽʥ磬ʥҲԶˡЩ˵
Ҷ찵𾪣û뵽ѪħʥôǼʶߵĳ֣Сʥʵôʥʲôʵ·ǳ£
ͬʱҶҲ֪ˣϷа֮ӵսҲСʥ磬Ϊƣڰ벽ʥ磬սѾǼˡ
ôڤأҶͻȻʵڤĵˣȻҪԷʵԱԺӦԡ
СǴʥ۷Ϊƺʦࡣߵ껯ߣͱڤҵǿ׷ɱлЩԹ
Ҷ԰һݣû뵽ڤôǿԺСĵ㣬ʥ磬Ӳ
ˣȼʲô˼Ϊ񣬻Ҫȼʲô𣿡Ҷʵһʥа֮ϵȻĺûᡣ
⡭ϷҲа֮Ӧ֪ЩεŸոջָʥʵãЩŻ̫
ңΪݴ½ܾûеˣԺܶʥγΪ񣬿ֻгΪʥ߷ʥװɣ
а֮а֮ӣа𣬵϶ЩŸа֮ӡ
Ȼа֮Ի˵Ŷ䷨֮ںΪһ֮ʱ򣬻ᵮʱȼ壬ϴȥսꡣ
ô𣿡ҶɻƺҲǺѰЩʥۼλʥҲ
а֮ӰҶһۣǰ갾סȼգǰסͻˣҲɢ

ôң
Ҷ߶һû뵽ôΣգһʧܾ
֪ΪʲôӵʮǿʵŻ׳Ϊ𣿡а֮ӿҶ죬˵Ϊӵʮǿʵţǿ԰סȼգͨ˶屶ļʳΪ񡣡
ͨ˽ļǶ٣Ҷʵ
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Ϸ츳ⱲҲֹʥˡ̾ǲʲôǲ츳˿ġ
ҶҲһӵʮǿʵĳţҲֻӵһļʳΪ񣬸οЩͨˡ
ѹֵۼҵλʥôǿҲҵȼ
񾳽磬ͳʥ粻ͬһʧܾ³̫ˡ
Ǿתս壬ܹɵڰ˲㣬ҲͲЩʮǿʵŲˣкֵܴסȼաҶ찵뵽
Ȼǳ̫ŵʱ򣬾ԤĵԺһΪ񣬵ҲǾԵģϾЩǿԸı˵ģ˭֪δᷢʲô顣
Ҷһ紩ԽģⱾһҲԤǱǸҶ죬ҶǴԽģ¾ҲԤⲻ


808 Ӽƻ
䣡
ѧԺ춷塣
ǰµһƾͺԱߵӣɫѿû뵽СϾȻƽŽģƽܸʥӴˣͽɢĸߣһֱסһͻȻǸСϽӽֵܣ϶ӵǽݺʥӡ
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ЩҶȻڣҶ˵Ʋܶ˶ҪҶˣκҶ˳鱨⣬Ѿյˡ
ңǼ鱨ãҲֻΧӣҶĺġ
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л̧鱨õԶʱϲ
ɵ˵ͷ漴뿪סֱɽ
춷嶥ǳ֣̫Ӽ٣̫ʥҲˣʱϽ̫ɽһ̸䡣
ţҲˡͻȻ̫üͷһɽµķ
ûϢԺܿ죬̫ɽҲӦϢ
ֵ֣أԶ̫ɽһȺˣȵҲٷ
Щɣ̫ɽͻȻһɲõĸо֣ôˣĪˣҲ̫⣬Сԣѵ
ˣֵûеңֻǸղҽӵѾ鵽ǸСϵϢˡƽŽѧԺģڴ߶ҾкܴʥӴˣöֵǰ֪¡ɳ˵
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̫ɽ˼״ǹɲõĸоʱԽԽǿˡ
λѾǳˣǸСҲǳˡҶ˵ӻһ䣬ǿȫ
Сĵ̧ͷһʱ̫ɽ˫Ŀͨ죬ɡźҲ
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̫ɽɫѿȴҲ֪˵ȷɵȭͷɱؿͷϿӾסɽ塣

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ŵؿǰԶһĮСϣŭΪʲôΪʲôΪʲôҪƭңѵҺһľǼٵģ
зǳŭͬʱҲǳɻСദ˼ʱ䣬˴˵һһָƣǳĬ
Ҳĵһθ龭Լ۾ǸСϾĵģһϲԼˣٰ׳գҲͷˡ
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ƽ΢ЦһƮƵӣ˵Сϵȷϲ㣬İǳ棬㲻ûɡڵСϣѾһ˶ˣǰǸСˡ
ᡭͫ˫Ŀ֮УһƬѪ죬ŭǡ㾹ô
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ŭģ͵һѪ
ƽҡͷЦǺ˵û뵽黹ħѹӴ˵Ƕҩõĺã˷ӴӢ䰡
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ȻǶԸҶ죬ȻΪƾ㣬ֵӴƣƽм˵
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Ӹƴŭһ̫֮ƴƽɫӡһɿֲƬռ䡣
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һյʥӣһӶûдﵽ˫Ĳ̫ˡ
ûõģ㲻Ķ֣ԹɡСϿҵĶƣΪĮ֮ɫ
СϣȻѪᣬ޺޵ؿƽŭҪݺҴ磿ҶҲıóѡ
磬Ϊұ𣡡
ƴһ͵һƺԼԴȻɱ
ȻڴʱһĨѪ˺նƵ˫նϡ
㾹ȻΪֵܶҸҶˡԶһѪ껺һף˸
㣬ʵĸ磡ѪĶƣŭصѪꡣ
˯һɣ
һЦһָڶƵüģƸûзʵֱ˹ȥ˵ϡ
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ԣɫ˵аħֻһڣħ֪ǳҪȺǡ
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Ҷ亹εΣΪһ̣ΧĿռ䳹ˣָˡ


810 ħջ
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а֮ӣħ֮ħʣͶħ̣ΪͽΣħ֮Ļһ˿͡
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Ϊа֮ӣĶӣʮǿʵӵߣİ֪ԷʥҲκη̬ȡ
˰治ϧڲԶʱаҲǵǸа̣ħ֮壬ֻнħţųĹԡħ֮˵
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ħպͺɫһӴˣ˫ʵ̫ˣа֮ش屻ĥһһΣӵв֮ˡ
ħ֮壬𾳽磬нӽʥǱԳһʥҲɱ㣡ħ֮̾ǻȴޱȱ䣬ɱ
ܷа֮ӣϾа֮ӵ츳˭֪һŽʥ磬Ǿħŵѡ

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Ҷԣ͵ؾѹߵħ棬Ȼ㣬Ҫƿҵ壬֡Σ
ˣҲħ棬һ㡣Ӧ֪طִۣҲΪ͸棬Ҷ죬ųҶ죬ҴǸҶ죬ǿҶ졣Ǳͬһˣƿ壬Ȼ㣬ȻҶ졣ǵħԵջ
㲻ңħ棬Ҷų֮ˣҲ̫Сңƾ仰ħߣҶЦ
㲻ųħԵЦ
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Ҷȭͷŭ֪ħڴ̼Է˵ĶģЩʥεȷֻԹۣ޷롣
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ңһĿƺøӾԶ̫ʱǰǺʱ֪ǸʱͲˡ
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ʣµĸС磬ųĿԡ
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Ĳ²⣬̫ɽӦһԲķ֮ڶһ츳㣬һŬûн֮Բ硣
ܹȻһԲķ֮һ춷壬Ҷֶ£˲ͷ˽̫ɽ
ףܾȻڣС͵ˣߣͻȻҶüͷһֶƾȻ춷壬жʱһ϶͵ˡ
΢΢һҶֱӳڽ̫ɽǰ˽̫ɽһ
ڽ̫ɽΧжˣ̫ס̫Ҳڡ
ǿţҶ죿̫׵һӦҶǿֲδ̽ӣͷǰһϤӰ
Ҷ졣
磡̫ɽɴ۾־ϲ֮ɫ
ʥӴˣɡźһϲɫ
˶ϲѡ
ҶЦŴһȦͷЩܴǶ㣬ȻѾΪˣţܺá
ҪǻǰҶ̫ͣɽһܸˣڣȴԥ
ôܣʲô𣿡ҶĿһ˲ͷ˽̫ɽ仯
磬ҡ̫ɽԥ֪ò˵
һԵ̫ҡҡͷҶ֣˵ɡ
׷ʲô飿ɣ˵Ҷɫһ䣬Ϊ̫׶أòԴ
ǣɶҶǷǳӣƺСϵԭԭ˵
ҶɫԽԽѿޱȡ
Χ˶ҳЩء
ֱ˵̫֮ײſڣǸ˵Ҷ֣汧ǸҲû뵽Сƽġ
²㣡Ҷҡҡͷ
̫ɽ˵磬ңұѾСϵĹŹ֣ȴûֹܣҺܡ
æڵʥӣ鲻ֽܹ֣ҲΪ˶ֵ룬ϣԽĥһ¶ֵܵԣֻû뵽һжӵļƻ


815 ǳ
һļƵˣ֪Ҷֵܵ꣬ʱ򿪿ڰ̫ɽ϶Ҷͽ̫ɽ̵ӡ
ȻҶԵ˵ͷԽ̫ɽܣĲûдңҲܵǸĥĥˣϾܲһֱ߱
Ǵ磬ܱǿǳĿľȥô죿̫ɽ
һԵ̫׿Цҽ˸Ժû֤ݣԺûᣬҴ·ǳʦҲܲǳ顣
Ҷ֣㲻ǵĵ㡣̫ѵ֪ҶԸʱһȥǳġ
һ˽šġԥ飬Ҷ˰֣ţǲõģӲңҲŹýһ򾡣ߣ
̫ԣоⱬ䣬Ҷ죬Ҷ֣ʵ
䣡
ҶҲûأԲɱ¾֮ͬʱ⣬ͬ޴ɱ¾Ѫɫǳҫۡ
Ŀֲ֮£ڳ̫ǿֵ⣬˶վ
Ҷܿ˷֮˿漴˷ܵؿҶ졣
Բķ̫֮֮ͫɫ
磡
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̫ɽɵ˷ܣһݵؿҶ졣
Ҷתͷɣ˵ɣҷ鱨õеӣǸ̫紫˵ҪѧԺ׻ѧԺѧԺȸѧԺȫ뿪ǳ֮ڲڣҶΪУɱ⣡
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һ˵һֹĴԺѧԱǳ꣬ĴԺѧԱΪа
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㵱ĵġߣҲûôԵͷ
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Ҳ¶ɫ㵱ĵġߣҲһսԺˡ
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ȻҶʮǰԺʮȥˣҶӰҲˣǲΪʮ꣬Ҷжô
֮ܶ˶ϷŰ̬Ҷȡ衣
Ժô꣬˶ǳû˸ҰĴԺѧԱϳǳ
һ֮ôõ
ֱ֮һȸѧԺʥϢм֮ɫ
ġˣɽϻӶҳƴˡһ׻ѧԺʥЦ
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ϢģҶСӻŴаħسˡƽЩص˵
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СҲ¶֮ɫ˵ǹˡ
ߣǰҺаħؼŽӽҵʵڲżȥнҲ൱ҵ֣ɡʵĸߵ
ƽ˿ֻʵ²Ҫǳ֣ͱˣϾεĴԺѧԱЩʥӺӿɲǳصġ
Ҫʵĸ֮ɫг˷ڵɱ⡣

ѧԺ춷塣
ϥڹ֮еҶ죬һ˫۾ڵ˸ſµâ˵ϢԵ÷ǳƽ
豹棡
Ҷе֮УƾǿʥǿʥˣҲǳ
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ЩԺܻܿ뿪Ժ۸Ҷ˵ˣҶƻһ򾡣ɱøɸɾԾ󻼡
ȻЩ̣Ե˵ʴȣǶԼĲ̡
һΣҶҪǷŹǣôδǾҶ˵ˣǽ̫ɽǡ
Ҷβ׼֣ҪʣµԺѧԱסҶǲģҶҲǲġ
СӣôˣողŴаħسѵȥʲôأʥüؿŷҶ졣
ҶЦǰģȥǳϾͲصˡ
ǳʥ˿ҶڵʵǳûʲôΣա
˵ǳѾԺĲˣֻʣһЩСԵʵõҲûжã󱲰ɡ
˵ʵҶˣᣬҶǳĻԵŪˣúѧԱ޻Ե
ǰģзִġҶ˵ͷʥˣûЩš
գҶһ̤봫󣬽ǳ
뿪֮һӰ˺նǾԺ
ôʥЩؿŽľԺ
ԺʧڴϵĹâЦԺҪһѧԱˡ˵գĴһһ
ʥȣ漴ЦɵúãСӰѧԺһѡ
µʱǻĴԺѹԺЦ
ߣѹѧԺµۼңɲĴԺǸǵѹθǳѵˣߣʥЦ


816 һ
ǳѧԺڵƬ򣬴ʱѾۼѧԱԺѧԱУһȥѹѹһƬ
Щ֪ҶҪ֮ǰ͵ˣǺ֪ҶƾʲôսĴԺ
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һͻȻԶȥһӴϢѹȶڼ֮䣬һλӣ˫֣Ȼ̤ն
ѧԺʥʿܸҶ죬Ҫһسӡ˾
˶ʱһѾǵĵλʥˣѧԺ⣬ĴԺѾһλʥӼǿˡ
ߣȺеʿһ˿ܸҶ죬һĳ裬ȷһسӵġ
֣ҿҶǲˡһλ԰׻ѧԺʥӣм˵
гФǰ׻ѧԺһϱʥӣ걻߼ˣ뿪˰׻ѧԺָֻʥ֮λ
ߣФǲ˵ʲôϾߵ츳ȵĶҪ£ųԺһˡ
ǶҶ죬ͬʱԺţǳҲҶһɣεһܵǳ
ޣ˼һûô֪Ҳ͸˵бµȥ˵ΪȸѧԺʥӣֱмۣͬߣ
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ǳӼ۹ȻʱҶϸܵ˿ֲѹɵ÷׷׶ݡ
ʿĿһͫԼȻҶʵˣ⻹ǵǸǿҶ
ǰе׵ĳФʱҲ˵ȺС
ǶҵĻɶ߷ˣҶĿΧһɨϬͬĵ棬ÿһеĵ׷
Ļ˲Ȼ֮ǰĴţҶҪðĴԺ˸ϳǳ
ɱ⡣
뵽һҶĿ⣬Щˡ
ιƾʲô׼ǽǳǳֲġ˫Ŵ۾Ҷ죬СĹĵġ
Ҷһ㶣ϳѾͷ̫ųһˣѾͷСѾͷȻΪʥӣ츳ǲ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ£˸ҹǳһ֮󣬷Ǹˣɱ⡣
⻹࣡˫ԸҶһʶ񣬱Ҷֱˡ
Χˣ֪߻£
ܹĶӼţͷͱһ仰ˣԺûԺˡ
ǶóҶǿߵĻҶɱ䡣
һʱ䣬ԥ
Ҷɨһۣٴα۾ȴһӹȥ


817 ɱ
һӣ˵˵̡̲
Ƕڴ˿̵˵ȴͬôû˵һԥ˭ҲһߣҲ
λǿʥӣҲԥ֮ɫŰб۾Ҷ졣
˫ûûεվĴЦ￴˵ٻȰǻǸϽɣô˶֪
λʥɫһ뿪ԺԺ
ҲҵһսҶ죬Ͼǲǰ׳գһͷ
˫ط˹ָȺеĳФղŲ˵Ҷ첻ôˣ㷴ﲻҼˣ
ԶҶԣ͵۾һ˫ϬĿ⣬ųФ
ФȻа˫飬ӦҶĿ󣬶ʱһ
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Сġ˫鲻Խغ
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Ҷһֱһ磬Ⱥ֮Уһɱһˣӣʥӣȫɱ
ʲôӣʲôʥӣ˿ҶǰֻСϡ
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ǻǵãʮǰҶǳѧԺ׷ɱѧԺС
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Ѫݣƽд󺧣һݣҧϵȼվѪ俪˽գŽɫȥ
ߣҶǸһĨЦǳԽʮ˽׵ĵγһǿĳƽ

ž๥似ֱӹ˵꣬ʹٶȿʮֹ˲׷ƽ
ƽͻȻڵܵҵشɫ궼¶һ˿˿ѷ죬·ҪƵġ
ʲô似ƽžʹȻ֮ɫ
䣡Ҷû׷һ̫֮ƺֱѹסƽ
شһ˿սֻӣҶסҲá
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ƽʱ껹ھʹ嶼ڶ£ҧߵҶ죬Ҹ˵ȥ𣿡
˵ҶĳҪǰʲôһ̶ѨߣҶԲмߵȻ֮ɫ
װģ֮ǰֻ¶Բɱ¾֮ⶼʵԵˡ
ƽ״жʱЦΪҶӵʵͽԴˣû˿أڵλøҶ졣
ǸƭңһҶһôץƽŶڵСȥ
ȵң˫Ҳȥϧٶ̫ܿͱҶ˦Զˡ
Ҷʵı¶ԼĴɱ䣬ǳеѧԱҲȫӳǳԺĺ䶯


818 ħ
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Ҷ췢ˣ
ˣˣҶѾɱλʥӣʮλˣ

һӳǳԺѧԱǣһµɫȫŵɫ԰ס
Ϣܿ촫̫磬ԺʱһƬȻ
Ҫ֪ÿѧԺҲֻʮλӣλʥӶѣһʧλʥӣʮλӣֱ󣬾ʷʧ
뵱ѧԺҶ̫նɱλӣôŭһʧôӣ˲ĴԺĸ߲ŭˡ
ûκԥѧԺѧԺȸѧԺԵǳ׼ѰҶ챨
ϾЩӳѧԱУǵ֪ҶʵҲǿֻͨӼֻԲķ֮ѡ
ѧԺѧԺȸѧԺӶԲķ֮֮ѵҶĶ֣
ȸѧԺӣǺ͵ġʵĸһӣѧԺ½ҪǿһЩ
ң׻ѧԺĸ߲ҲϵʵĸˣԴ뿪ԺʵĸٶȻָ֮λˡ
Ĵǳ׼϶ԸҶ죬Ժ˶ڹע
ͬʱѧԺΪ׵ĴԺ߲㣬ҲѧԺ߲ȥŭĳ𣬲ѧԺסˡ
ѧԺһλԺм˵С飬Сȥ˭Ҫû֣͹Ժ
˻һĴԺĸ߲ʱˡ
С棬ϱò֣⼸ݴ½֮Ǳ򣬱Ͼһϱ֣Ǻ롣
ǣԺĸ߲㶼ĿͶǳ

ǳһͨĵϣƱסȫΪܶһ£ֻѪɫ۾ŲԶʸСϡ
СӣôԹҶѾǳˣֵžˡȻҪȥȪ·žۣʸƳ˶һۣɭЦ
ʮǰҴܻʥӣȥʮˣҴһܹġ˫ĿԹ޵صʸ磬ҧгݵ˵
ʮ꣬㻹Ϊжٳǰаħؾͺ罻ˣʱҪб˲֣ˡڲŹȥ꣬Ϊ绹ǿ٣ʵĸм֮ɫ
ǰ㶼κβҴ磬ӲĶ֡ƶҶäĿš
ߣ൱ʵΣʵ㣬ѧԺѧԺȸѧԺλӶˣ֮ǱɡʵĸЦ
ͫһû뵽ѧԺѧԺȸѧԺҲˡ
ǸضǿѧԺӡ
ڴˣҶܹʤ
ҧгҪΪҶҲͲΣˡ
磬ҶԲ㡭ŭɱϧȴҲܶһ¡
Һúްһ·Ǵ硢ڱңʵ̫Ҳ۴磬
˫ĿԽѪˣгͻںޡ
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ԼŬһжԼ
ƷɺӣͬѪ£һ˿˿ħɢɫаĿףԵЩ
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СӾȻ߻ħˣʵĸȻ漴ЦҪҶ쿴ӣ֪θ룬
߻ħδػ𽥱ħԿƣΪһɱ¾ɿĴħͷûʲôֱ
ң߻ħʥˣҲȶƵԡ
ʱӣħԽԽʱҲ޿κˡ
ʵĸֻɭЦСӾȻ߻ħˣҲͲɱ̼ҶˣҶ˵أͰСӶôԴħͷֵܰҵҪɱǲɱء
ʵΪħͷҲҶɲ˶鷳»ᱻҶֱӷӡġңħȻҲǾԵġСϵ˵
ʵĸԣ΢΢˼Ƭ̣ĿһâͻȻҧ˵ǰѵ𣿵ħ洫ڹаһٳɵħֻҪԸħħϾӵԲķ֮
Сԣоⱬ˵ħ
ħۼСӸպôﵽˡ֪ħ洫Źа̣а̵ӳħΪĿܣԽΪɹֻнһڸ֪ʵĸЦؿСϡ
СϿ˲Զ߻ħĶһۣҪһҪǾҪԼħ
С߻ħټԹޣп϶ǿħÿԸǿٺ٣ⲻʺ𣿡ʵĸЦĿľҪѶһħͷʱҶ췳ȥ
СϳĬƬ̣ãھʹħ˵գһָڷĶƣһɰݹȥ
ʵĸֻؿţаڴţٺ٣һƳħҶֵɱ
ҪҪҲҪ硢ۣ
Ҫǿ
Ҫ𣡡

ڵħԽԽǿе顢顢飬˿ȫѹסˣֻʣɱ¾ԼǿĿ
ħа壬ϴħʱһ񹦷ƵԺУڵħ˹
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ѪɫĿ⣬һӱޱȣͬڰľԨҪ綼ȥ
Ҫǿŭ
˹ӵǿһջԵѾ߻ħĶƣû˿ԥѡ
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ħеһ˿ʼħˣٺ٣а̵ǱӳģڰϣħɭЦ
䣡
һǿħӶϱԲɷƵ⣬ʸ粼õķӡ忪
ƴͷڷ裬ħ죬ͬһħ£Ϭĺڰ˫Ŀ֮б˺ա
Բķ֮Զʵĸɴ۾֮ɫԾȻģŸոȻԲķ֮ȵȣɷ֮ôܣ
ʵĸȻͫһȻؿơ
һԵСϣҲֱ۾𾪺
䣡䣡
Բķ֮ӶƵڳ̶̰ʱԲķ֮ʵĸСϿˡ
ϧˣСӵħ̫ˣֻܳԲɷ֮Ȼеħ⽥ʧ˵
ԶСͫһŵ˵ħ棬ħ棡
ʲôʵĸԣȻ


819 ˻ʽ
ħ棬Ȼħ棡
νħħ棬˭ͻᱻħƣΪħĿܡ
һ̣ʵĸС϶ɫǳѿ֪Լа̣ħƭˡ
ħаħΪ˿а̣а̵ӳΪħĿܡ
ǽӢûõ
ħ棬һϹʱĴܣȻһСҲ¶Сһ˵
ʵĸҲû˵ħϹʱʸ졣
˫ڵĶƣ̧ͷСϿ˹ǸһĨЦа̸һλʥҲһλС𣿻ʸ˵ߣ
Сһ׼ϼħ棬а̺Ȼаģǲˡ
ٺ٣ҲǵģվǰǾȻԸ⳼ѡȥһ˼ϼһֺαأѵȲɭЦ
ߣôƻЭ飬ݴ½ǣӳķӡСߵ
ؿСһۣɭȻСӣݺϹʱô꣬㻹ǵһвˡ˵գɱⱩǣһɿֲħ
ߣħ棬øڵڿɲϹʱս궼ӡˡСԵߵһӴʥȻ֣ѹס˶Ƶħ
ͫһЦ֮ʥ֮һҲںСŮ޵ô˵ˣҪɱˣףطǡ
λǰǼȻѡ˺ǾͲҪٽ֦ˣֻܾˡУħǰǳԺƵؾҪɱˣͽҶ졣һԵʸæ˵
һЦҶ죿ǸСӣǾҶҵˣǺôĵӡ
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ͫһ̶ŭܺãסˣвȱӡҿһҪɱľ㡣
ʧˣԪѾˣӡҿҲˡСЦ
һٶ˵תͷʵĸ磬ٺЦСһôħҪħĻܳΪʥҪ˰ܳΪˡ
ʵĸԣ˫֮һĨȡ
ߣСһȵħ棬ע㣬ħܱסǲǳĿܡ
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ۣҲʵĸ磬ЦȴЦǺǵ˵ۺ֣ȹϲ֮λλǰΪΧɱҶ֮ͽ֪ҶϾҪ·ˡ
·ȸѧԺԣƳһ۲ԶСϵĶƣߵ㽫Ľݵܵڴ˵أİɡ
һ˿ɱ⣬ɫ˵ǵĿĶֺͬαںֶأλǳѰҶ죬Ҳλ
˵ĲȻ׼ҲʡǼ˷ʱˣϾǳ˵󲻴˵СҲСۺ˵Ҷɱ˶ʣǵۼңˣҲΪ˱ѩ޵ġ
ߣֻǲм֣Ҷ첻һʥӶѣһ˽ͿˡȸѧԺߵ
ɱҵۼӵܣλҵۼһӣõĳдӡۺ˵
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ۺּȻ˺Ҳ㣬ʵʱǵۺֽȴòˡ˵
ãĳҲظ֮ˣǵĳдӣλֱܶǣۺ˵ȴǰȻޱȣȻûҶ
Բķ֮ΣԲķ֮Ҳǿġ
䣡һǿϢͻȻԶƵ
ҶƽٶȺܿ죬ա
ǰСǿصΪѡõķĹƽָԶСЦ
ҶһҵķĹҿķĹɣ˵գҶһֱƽĲӣ˳ݻƽꡣ
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ߣҶ侲һʬ嶪˿̣Ӧ֮УѾ˶Ƶڡ
ңǸСϣλӡ
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ӵ˻ʽĵۼҷʥûݴ½ϵǿߡ
ۼҵҪɱҶҲ飬ضŵۺɱңͿûǸˣôһϰɣ
˵գҶмɨˣָ̬߰װģΪҪԵˣһ֪ʵôǿ»öƵв
ȻҶĿ˵ӣۺŭһһҶ졣
Ϊۼ˻ʽԵʣǵۼӵֻܼеĶЩ⣬ѡ˹
ңۼҵĽҲ˺Ȼ·̫˻ʵưƥ鲻Խس
˻ʵĻʵ֮£޵С
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ԶĶƣҲ۾Щȵؿ˹Ȼ˻ʽ


820 һ
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ۺһ̳ʵϢޱߵ֮ƴƥһͷͷɫ˳ĽâҶ죬
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ⲻѹƣƵѹƣ˻ĻߣֽҶѪеľη̲סͷ
ۺվ˻ʣûаŽӵޣҶƾǿʵֱӱ˻ʽľѹơ
Ȼϧ˻ǺεȻѧ˻ʽȴû˻ʱµĵУû˻ʵĺȻҲô˽ɱңߣ
ҶһЦһӣŵǳʱҲһϯ񷣬γŶλӱȥ
쵶ӡҶ͵صͺһһǿĵⱬ
ЩȻâ貶ңЯһɹɿֲۡۺĴС
䡭
ۺЩɫȫâ˺ѡ飬ŵؿҶ죬ɫܣʲôȻܹƽҵ˻ʽ
Ц˻ʽѾݴ½ǿһȵĽܱȥҵĵ֮ԱǿΪҵʵǿ
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һ˲䣬սղ綼ҶͻȻʵ̾ˡ
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ĴȫˣԲ˼飬ɫǳѿ
ۣ֮ǰûҶҶ൱ȴȻҶǿˡ
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ȳ֣ӡʩչ޵񹦣һͷӴİ׻ޣһɹɷ·ԶźİӴϢϯ硣
׻ɱȭ
۴һȭһȭҶ죬һͷͷӴİ׻ޣƼѹ죬Ҷѹ·
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ǶԺһһţеţÿ˶ԼİֶԸһˣǻŲ档
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̫ˣȥܵܰɣʱҶ񵶣ʩչ˵ӡһ˺ѿռ䣬شۡ
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ߵȻߵԲķ֮ȻѾȵĵˡ
ۺҲ𺳲ѣľǱߵԲķ֮һ֮Ժǿߡ
ʱҶҲˡ
Ŷ񣡡ҶӡɣһɿֲϢϯ硣
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ղսһɫ񶦣貵ԣӭĴӡ
һ񶦣ÿһЯſֲûһӡ
һʱ䣬ضɫâ⣬ϵ̫סˡ
䣡
ƴƥĽâһ飬һ񶦴Ӵƣײڵۺϡ
ͣۺͫҽһײһɽе˻ʽˣѪ磬ɳȥޱȡ
սףѧԺæʩչ޵񹦣һӵ׶ʱ⡣
䣡
ɫײѧԺһѪ˲԰ޱȣҲ󵹷ɳȥȴûеۺôҡ
ѧԺӹȻȲѧԺӣǵķԿֲ
һ˲䣬شòԶС϶һƤֱ
Ҷǿ󣬿ֲ˹


821 ӭսħ
ڵۺѧԺλܵش֮ۺȸѧԺӣҲܵ񶦵ĺɱ
ҵľۣ֮ǰѾҶشʱҶȫ֮£ֵס嶼񶦺ˣֻʣһɫ꣬ס⣬˳ȥ
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ĴӾޱȣһҶ졣
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Ҷ״һԥȴûм׷ȥǸȵѧԺӣշһҴȥ֮ڣֹѧԺѧԱǳ
лѧԺӸӦ漴ʧʡ
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Ҷȴһƺ̫֮ƥֱ˵ۺİ壬ʹҺһ
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ҼסԺҶ˵ڣ˱ᣬ򡭡ɱ⣡Ҷ˵
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ԶҶüؿŶƣӶϣܵһϤİϢ
˵İΪ˿̶ϵϢǰĶƣ˵ϤΪϢ
ԣħ棡ͻȻҶϢԴɫʱ䡣
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۾һУɭЦŶͽ벻ô֪ˣѾаħ˰ɣǰħŵͽǲѾΪʦҪɱ㣿ģΪʦġα֮壬ΪΪʦ屻϶ٵԵʶɵģֻҪΪʦ壬þѪע滻ڵħѪָܻ֮֮
ħ棬ʲô˼ҶػһԵСϣŭصŶơ
ûʲô˼ɱСӣСҲᱻͽɱαΪһ뱾أЦ
ҾͽܣС֮ɫתҶһĳʥأǳڶ
ԭһʥˣСϰɣߣҶɫһ䣬漴һֱչС磬ųа֮ӡ
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аֳ֮־ħһӭڵĵâſֲľ֮⣬ֱӺСϵľơ
ţ㣡Զͫһضа֮ӡ
СҲ𾪵ؿа֮ӣг𺳡
ħ棡а֮ɨСһۣ漴ȻܵϵϤϢͫŭ֮ɫ
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ԭа֮ӣû뵽ħ֮徹ȻָˣаǸϼһûаƹЦֻһ˿֮ɫ
а֮ɱŭȵħ棬ɱ㣡
ס֣Ҷæа֮ӵǰ
ʲôа֮ɱصҶ죬ҪΪҪҶ뿪Ժͳˡ
ħƵܵģ˵ֻħһ˿Ҳûж˺Ҷ˵
а֮˸˼£漴ת֮еСϣŭȵȺͽй¶ҵϢôᱻħ֪
˵գа֮ɱСϡ
С϶а֮ȴƺźܴĹ˼ɣһߵֵа֮ӣһߺˣæ˵ΰа֮ӣǵһ̫ϳϵĴǺ󱲿ʲô֪Щ꣬ǶΪаŬ
Ҷüͷһ֮ǰ˵Ⱥа̵ͽħ棬ڽʲôƻԭΪ˸а档
аô꣬ѵܸ
Ҷ𾪲ѡ
ͽֻʣʦͽˡЦеؿҶ죬˵
ҶعضŶƣ˵ħ棬ƾڵʵκβңýܵ廹ҡ
𣿡ħϵЦͻȻʧˣɭɭضҶ죬ǵҶ˵Ļ𣿰֮ڣܳΪ񣬱ɱ㡣
ģ֮ڣһΪģʱɱ㡣Ҷ˵
ܺãǱھͼһʵҪܵ壬óȫı°ɡħһЦһɸӴħϱߵԲɷ֮ɫħҶɱȥ
Ҷ𾪣û뵽֮ãæʩչŶӭϡ
Ŷ񣿺ߣ϶Ĺ칦ϧСӲܾŶһֻܷӳ޵񹦵ħ۾һУɫħֱӱ˾ɫ񶦣һ񶦱һȭ顣
ʲôҶʧɫǿ޵񹦣Ȼôɾͱħ滯ˡ


822 һս
ȺӣһʲôϵĴǰʥϥüͷǰһȺѧԺԺѧԱ
ʱɽѾΧӰѧԺԺѧԱȫˣλǿʥӡ
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ʱ˭Ȼ֪ʤΣ
ʥᣬ֪ҶʵȻҶ϶Ӯˡ

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Ҷ̫ˣѧԺӶûлܣսĴѧԺӣҹα뿪ǳˡ
ǵȻۺʦҪΪʱȻŹҶ졣
˵ѧԺǱѾյҶϢˣǸϽȥ̫翴ɣ

һѧԺѧԱ۷׷׵ؽ̸ţȻ󱬷һҵĹâʱ˵ע⡣
ۺʦִʤˡһӼѧԱ˷ܵ
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Ҷ컹ǿȻͬʱսĴԺӣҹλˡ
ΪԼǵˣһģȫ
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һȸѧԺѧԱʱȻ֮ɫ

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823 ħ
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Ҷͫһħ취˵ǰаħǹħԣնڵħԣͻʹڵħ¸ԶڵһչħԸӿֲ
ͽ㻹ԥʲôֻҪħԣܵþˣ㻹ֱӵõߵԲɷ֮ټһɷ֮ӵ˰˵Բɷ֮һ𾳽磬ʵʥˡջ
ĵǱǿħԣһ޷ѹħԣôͻᱻˡͻȻа̤֮նȵ
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ˡ


824 ɽ
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825 ɫ
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Ҳ̫ģѾڤˣڤҲӦֶԸ㣬ֻҪӦǱڤҵǿ߾ˡʥ˵
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Ҷ֣лˣҿԽʥˣ̫չ־޴壬췢һХþ޴β;סԼɽ壬ӵɽһμȥ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ̫ѧԺʮǿһҶӣճһλãպñռˡ
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һ⣬ȴöɷϵ츳ǿˣЩŵĲ࣬δǰ;
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ҲҲһսǡҶһЦ漴ָŵλ벽ʥȵҶĳţҪսλǰ֪λǰɸӦս

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ΪҶ첻ǵĵĶ֣ǿһУȴôΪˡ
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ҶһĪǵۼҲǿ幦ƾתս壿
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֪ǿߣս겻಻ȫˣֻҪս껹ڣ
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һЩʥȱǣһƲ־Լ棬⵶ڣ֮С
ӵܣһ뵶ڣԵɺ֮£ԹͨЩȱǵĲ־õ䵶ĴС
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Ҷܹҽ˵أ츳֮⣬о칬ʥӵݡ
Сӣ㲻Ǿ칬ϣҲѧԺϣҪʧԶ֮УԺ߽ڣҶ죬һ̾
ǰѾõϢѧԺԺӣλһķʥѾ찾סˣԪ
һλʥ䣬ѧԺҪˣһҲᱻѧԺˡ


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ҶһţûзûĿģֻƾоһֱǰȥ
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˽һ󾳽磬˵һҲ󾳽磬Ѿľһ磬ȴ˵һĵ磬ϣ˵ܹľ硣
Ҷдһ˿ڴǰȥ޵еĵ⣬ϴͷŶڣ𶯡
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һôȱѵûһҵĵͬ𣿡Ҷ첻ɵüͷ
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֮УһһʥѧԺľŴԺһλһһǿ
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ҶϺƵ޵е⣬˵ڣеĹ⳯۶ڣ𶯡
ΪʲôĵôܣҶҲ𾪲ѡ
ڣ֮Уеĵȫĵ۶ʹĵԽԽǿ󣬽γһʵʻֱͨƲ񷣬Ժ
һɺƴƥĵ⣬Ժضƺѹˣ۵С磬ƺסɺƴĵ⣬ƿһѷ졣
ʱѧԺԺ˿ѧԺϿճһ޴Ŀռѷ죬һǿĵӿֶѹ˴
ǿĵ⣬⡭ĵҶ쳹ױˣ֮ǰĵȣֱһϣһڵϡ
ʱ˿̣ҶоԼʵﵽһֲֿĵز·һһλʥ
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˵ɹСӻԶأƣҲ˵ڣڵе⣬ܹߵһ˵ķǶˡһλԺ˵
ռǵһеǿȻˣҵȴܹһĻ޺ˡԺпѣû뵽ҶڣȻô
ռڴ˵еĵȻĴڡ
ռǿ֮·ӲѰ·ǰ;
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ʱڣ֮УҶϵĵԽԽǿԽԽֲǹǿƣѾԺ۵С磬ѧԺϿա
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ѧԺԺ𣿡
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ѵѧԺλʥ𣿡
ۺλ벽ʥôԶҲܸܵǹɿֲĵ⡣
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ⲻܣ
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Ҷ͵ĵ飬ͽСȥǲòˡ˵ͷǵۼȻѧԺҲѧԺܾˡ
˲ƶȥ
ͬʱݴ½صһЩϹҲɿֲĵ⾪ˡ
ҶԼҲ֪һ󣬽ıݴ½Ժĸ֡


834 
ռǿ֮
ڣгߵĵһȱǣȫˣǿĵ۶ҶĵΪһ壬ǰδеǿ
Ҫ֪ߵĿǵһʥϵȱʥλ֮࣬ȻֻµһƵꡣ
ô൶һǾǿ
ʱۼôֲռݴ½ʷֲĵ⣬ֱ˺Ѳռ䣬ͨݴ½Ĳ񷡣
һ̣ǹɺ嫵ݴ½ݴ½ǿ֮С
һ⣬һ˯֮еĹϴڣɿֲĵˡ

ѧԺ˿ֲĵ⣬ѵǸϲͻˣ׻ѧԺԺһѧԺķɫء
ߣͻΣֻҪûһԪһҪѧԺԺһЦֻһĨصļɵ֮ɫ
û뵽ϼһﻹͻƣǺǣȤȤȸѧԺԺһƬ֮УһȫֵӣЦ
ǺųǿķʥԪҲͻƣѹֵܹסۼСӡѧԺԺһɫ·ӿѧԺķ֮ɫ

ڰԨ֪༸һɫĺᴩأµʷϵС

Ȼɫĺڰ۳һž޴ףûκεı飬ûбӺ۾ֻһ˫ޱȵ۾
˿ֲĵ⣬ϹʱҲûгֹһ岻ǵң۵ǵݴ½һ
ϵںڰ֮
˺ѣһλѪӴ߳ɫص˵Ϣ֮ǿȱǸϲҪǿѵѧԺǸϼһһˣ
һǺǣһٽˣϼһӦһֻȥˣϧԪĻл񾳽硣ϵЦ
ϼһʱͻƣĳЩ˼ɵˣٺ٣ѪЦ
ʱҪˣݴ½ƽҲҪˣ޴ҲҪ׼׼ˡܹʱͻƣοϵ˵
ͻƣǺǣԼǱ֪ģܹߵһѾǼˣѪЩԳЦ
Ѫħ㲻ҪԷƱˣϹĩܹ츳ǿ˲ࡣңҪΪʥʵĲ츳ϵ˵
Ŷ츳ʲô㲻Ҫ˵Ǹ˵ĵۼСӰɣ˵ˣָѪħʥЦ
츳ܹΪʥˣ츳ʸΪʥȱٵǻԵ˵ʵѪħҲܺãʱ١ʵδزܵõԵΪʥϵ˵
ʱǺǣǵĴʱ޴ѾյϢЩľ콾Ѿ½ˣǲʱǡѪħʥԳ
ˣĵӣҲпһλ콾һӦʱľ콾ϵ˵գɫϿյľ޴ҲʧΪˮźʡ
Ѫħʥźڰգ˫ɵһ˵ǱͽҲõ˽ʱˣǼһˡ

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û뵽Сһﶼˣ̫ʥ壬ǺǣǾ칬кˡػȰؿ꣬˵
үүǷʥ𣿾Ȼ˿ֲĵ⣬֪λʥʵ
ػ΢΢һЦ˵˵ˣλʥѧԺԺ㸸ھѧԺѧϰ
ף۾һҶĶӣȻСͱػϴ칬ػҲȫԼĸĸ˭
ΪûмԼĸĸǷǳػϸûн֮ǰ뿪칬

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Ѿͷ֮·ô꣬Ȼᵣģҵĵ㡣ûշƾڵʵ֮·˵̫ˡǴʱ٣Ҳἱȥ֮·Ͼ̫ΣˣҲס㡣Ц
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ǰ֮·£ڡŴʱ٣ľ콾ҲҪЩûһģҲŵġ
콾ҲҪΪ콾ߣİ뵽漴Ե˵ףҺѧԺӻһս뿪ˡ
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İɣԺûһҵĶ֣οһ󱲣ǵۺСӿధҲᡣĲذ˰ֱ֣˲ƶȥ
״ЦӣһһŮ츳Ϊ˳ȣġСѾͷȴЩԴˣһֱܵǡ
ҵϣλܣһΣɳ̾

ѧԺڣ
ʱڣеĵ⣬ȫҶˡ
һ̣Ҷܵһľ磬ͺ񵱳һιһ𣬸ݴ½һ㡣
һΣûбԼƿԼ塣
ǿĵ⣬һɱһʥҶҡͷЦȻǿ󣬵֪ⲻԼڣʧûʲôˣɿֲĵ⡣
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ʱһƯУ⼣ֳһɾâ
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⼣ȫ䣬һ񵶷âһһϵҶĶС
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835 ǿ
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ڣƺˣһƯ⼣ȫ䣬¶ԭľâ
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֪Щ˶ǵһȱǰʥϵǿߣ߸ϢǳֲȻǷʥ
ѧԺԺҲ˵һʷϣٵλʥ
һǿļ塣
棡
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Ҷ쾪̾ʱΧĹӰԼͬضҶǰһӰ
Ӱǳǿλʥеһˣҿ˶ӣȻڵһ屲ߡ
ˣ񣬰ǰһҡͷ̾
ռϧСӲǵһˣû뵽ǵһ׷ѰһǿȴǱǷ̰λʥеһ˲Գ
ҵ׷ǿֺ黳ܹǿҲ֤ǵһһ׷ѰǿȷʵĴڣҵ޺ӡһЦ˵
˵գһ濴Ȼ𾪵Ҷ죬ЦˣлԵռҪҲҪɣΪռŸոտʼԺ·ܳһ˿һи
ǰʲôռҶ첻ڲ֪ԼĵȻռ
кܶ൶ͬ൶ɱ¾̫յȵȣռȴǿĵĵӽĴڡһ˵
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Ҳ֪ʲôǡǵһһо֮УռеĵǿԼһеķǿԼһֱռɱ䣬ʱ򣬻֪ʲôǡˡһ˵
ҶԵһеҲˣȻҪзôܣҲ
Ҫ֪зǵȸǿߣҲֻܰͼļȫ滹򡢶һǿ˷ռзֱ޷󣬸û˿õ
ҶףΪʲôһ˵ռŸոտʼ
Ǹոտʼֱﳤ߳һѡ
˺嫵ռ˵ˣҲ߲ͷҶЦ
𣬺ǺǣֲǿġֹռҲˣˣռ㳬ԽҲδزܣǿĵơһ˵
ǰȻռǿռƺû˵ôǿŶԡҶԲɻ
ûôǿûиܵռĿֲһɱʥʥҲĶ֣ӽˣ⻹ǿһȻ
ǰڵռΪˡţҶ˵˵ţͻȻ۾һ
һ״ʱοЦѾˣռ֮ԲǿΪֵҪǿڣҵһеĵռ֮Уչռǿң̫ܲסǿ嵽񾳽Ҳδزɡ

ҶԿЦ𾳽磬ʥˣȻ˵
ȻȷĲһ
ʱҶѾˣռҪĵǿԼֻҪյԽ࣬ԽǿȷܹΪĵơ
ҶҲ·ļѣҪĵͺѣҪһһռ棬ϼѡ
Ψһ绹Ҫѵöࡣ
Ψһ绹ϣռȴǸûϣͷֻһӵʱ䣬ϵ׷
㿴һ˿ϣҲȥҶг˼ᶨ֮ɫռȻټѣȥ
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ңҶɻ˵һȺˣң
ҵȻȥһƵȴȻ֮䣬ҵȱ㽫һƵ괫㣬ܹʱ±롣һ˵գ˾ͳҶ
ͬʱڣ֮ڣеĹӰҲû˿ԥ֮ɫȫҶ
ǡҪʲôҶʱˡ
һ̣һɺƴĵУԺУ·õص֮С
ˣ֮֮δնɱһˣȴˡһ
˲䣬һɲƵûء
֮ȻĵҶޱȣ˵ǵһο
ⲻɱ֮Ǿ֮ܵصƣһ֮¶ָܻ
ӵ֮ĵһ棬ڷʥ֮УȻǿģȴǴĴڣȾ칬ػϡ
ˣǱѩ֮һѩؾԱ⡣һһȱں϶
Ǻڰ֮ںڰ֮䣬֮δ˿Ϊ˶ˡһһȱں϶
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ԽԽĵں϶Щһȱǣֵ˿ȫҶǰչʾΪһ塣
Ҷг˼˷ܣЩԺЩ׶ˣĻ
Ҫ֪ЩһȱǣÿһʥϵĴڣµĵǳÿһһֵ
ȻҶڿ϶û취ô൶һ򣬵ֻҪʱ䣬һһġ
ʱٽЩռ棬ôռôǿǿ
޵񹦳ۣԹ칦ҶռɨǬдǿһкξ壿
Ҷʱг˼
Ȼռ·ߣ·ȴ˳Խķ
£ҶЩһȱĵһһУԺ
ͬʱЩʧڣҲ·ʧȥһʥȻ˷ɻңʧ֮䡣
ڣСӻˡ磬ԺЦؿһĻ
Сȱ׷ѰһǿҲѹȱǻȫǰ;ʥ̾
ϧҵһĵڣһʹʧˡԺɫЩӣҶڣģȴ˵ڣ
Σӵǿһ鷲壬ҲܱȼЩʮǿʣܹԽǡʥ˵
λԺҲ˵ͷڣãҲȲһλռľš


836 
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Ҷϥ嶼嫵ռ֣޾ĵŵһȱչʾһǿ󵶵
һĻҶΪʵȻûӶ٣Ļȴӻˡ
ֻҪЩȫôռɳһµĵزδΪĵơ
ŵһȱǵʧҶɢռҲʼʧҶ֮С
ڣƽ
ڣǳˣ
ʱľλԺҲ̾Ϣ
ô˵ڣǵһһĵʥأȴˣЩп
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䣡
Ȼ飬һ׷ߣӺڰ߳ĿŵڣķɢʵĹâһ顣
ŴԺʱ𾪣̶æ񣬵Ժ
λ׷ߣѧԺԺλԪķʥ
ԺôƷˣʥüͷԺԪֻ࣬дڷӡ֮Уܱ֤ţЩġ
λԺҲ¶ɫѧԺǿԺܴڣһԺľԪôѧԺҪˡ
ȷģСŪĶˣΪϷͻƣǼϼһһʱˡ׷Ժ˰֣ǺЦ
ŴԺҲѰˣ˲һУǱ˻ΪԺͻƣŪô󶯾
Ҳԣ˿ֲĵ˭Ҳ벻ҶģʥҲ࣬Ҳѹֱ˻ỳԺͻˡ
һЩѧԺеǿߣȻӼɵѧԺˣ˴ʱ䡣
û뵽СѧԺһʱ䡣Ժ֮󣬲ɵùЦ
һڸԺҲ¶ϲɫ
һʱ䣬ѧԺͻһϣڳҶôţֻҪʱ㹻Ϊʥ⡣
˻ʧܵĿܣҶѾռֻҪΪʥǾлΪʥ
ˣȻȱǶȫ˴ӣҲԹۣýǶˣһ𽫸Եĵӡʱ׷Ժ˵
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ҵһеҪӵռﵽʲô̶ȣ

£ŴԺͰ׷Ժһ֣չָԵϵҶ졣
ˣʱҶ컺۾ѾһеĵˣֻԺ
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ʱҶ쿴ڣʮӰÿһӰɢһǿĵΪǸ׷˸Ϊ£һҲڵһ֮¡
ԺǡҶܿϳеľԺʥԼػصԺˡ
ѲǾŴԺ⡭ĪԺҶʱȻһ𾪡
СӣҲһ֮Ͽ񡣡Ժȵ
ȵĵռϸ򡣡ʥҲ˵
һλʥλǿʥȫչԼĵҶһθܵһֿµĵ
ܹΪʥǿߣûһǼ򵥵ģЩǵһʥÿһľѪϵ
ҶзǳЩռӿˡ
һֱȥ죬Ҷ춼޾ĵһǿĵԼδ
Ȼһܳɹ·Ҳһǿ·
·߲꣬·ߣдռҵ֮·ûмޡҶ찵뵽
ӱʮ˹һ·ߵͷҶõԵûһռôǿ
ֻأռȣΪֻرϾֻߵ·ҶֻأҲֻΪڶֻ
ռûֹҶȫƾռԽֻ𣬳Խ𣬳ɾһ֮·
СӣúϣϷԪ֮ʱܹչռķâ׷ԺԼĵתȥ
Сһ˵غܰ굶ڴ˵رչس𾳽ѡʥ˵
Ļ۷ǳ񣬽𼸺ˮɣҲܷģмҪ㣬߽ʱõһƿռ䷨򣬵ʱúø򡣡Ժѵ
λԺҲ߹ھ飬Ƕʥǿߣлдﵽʥ磬ʥܽǿߡ
ЩʥľǳҶǳимѡ
һĵڣеһȱǵĵʮλԺĵ
ҶףԼǷ˵һˣԺһѣҲҪ
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ڸҳ𾳽ˣȻ츳Խǿţ𾳽ԽѣĻۣٴƿҲܱˡ
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ſʥ۷žŵԲɷߵԲɱ¾˭۾ȵ𾳽Ҳܹȵ
˿ֲĻۣ𾳽磬Ȼ׾١
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ӱʮ˹һ·˶ٿ࣬˶ĥѣжٴܹ̤𾳽ˡ
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𾳽磬һޣʥѾԽƽɷˡ
𾳽磬Ƿļˡ
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츳Ҫ벽ʥʵܽжܹ۾а벽ʥʵ
ĲУԺҲУܹҶᲢ۵ģҲֻϷа֮ˡ
ҵʵѾԽ˰벽ʥƿǸƿɣ
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ԪۣҶһӸоԼ͵ںϵһ𣬱øǿʵˡ
ңҶоԼΧصƿأҲǿˣͷ·ƬصһͿԵΧȫ֮
ԭˣ𾳽磬֮ܵȻҪΪˣҪǼոһεҶȻ
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Ҷʵһжˮɣûһ˿һ谭ǳ·һֱ·
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о֮ʹˡҶЩȣû뵽󣬻ĺô
ʱһɫķ֮ͻȻҶ֮УʮԲķ֮
ʲôҶʱ𾪡
һɫ֮ͻȻ֣һƾճ֣û˿ۼ׷Ѱ
һƷ֮Сɾ綼ûдﵽȴӲؼʮԲķ֮
ʱʮԲķ֮һɫ֮֮£һɫ֮档
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Ҷû뵽һƿռ䷨֮ôǿʮԲķ֮֮࿹ֱèһ
ռ䷨һ򣬽˷˵߷û뵽һƶôǿҪܹռ䷨½һԲĿռ䷨֮¶ݺݴ½ˡ
Ҷ찵뵽
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õһƿռ䷨Ҷ˲Ƶ
һƿռ䷨򣬾ͺһý飬ϵǿߣԽһƿս֮ͨռ䣬пռ۵
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ϵǿ߶ƿܹ֮ƿض֮ǾԼķˡ
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ҶʮԲķ֮Уǻһģʥϵǿߣû˱˲ƵľԶˡ
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ˣߵܣܵɣӷɵ˲ƣ⼸һشı
ҶҪʥڽ񣬱ȻҪݴ½ҪԶĵطȥ⿿У·˷ѵʱҪˡ
ԣ˲ƴĺôԶ׼ˡ
ҲΪʲô˲ƱΪˡ
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Ժ˵ڣ֮⣬ŵڣϥҶ죬пͼ
˻Ļۣǿ°Ӧôﵽĵ硪𡣡Ժ˷ܵ
Ϊͨ۷Բ𡢰벽ʥ
һ˵벽ʥѾļޣǴ˵еľ磬ֻŲܴﵽ
а֮ӡϷ꣬
ﵽˣǾ콾ʱǣÿһлΪʥ
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ڣ֮УҶȻ۾ǹǿϢҲ
ʱ˿̣Ҷܵǰδеǿ
һ󾳽ͻƣҶﵽһµĲΣǻĻһٱֱӳ嵽𾳽磬Сʥʵ
ڵʵӦǿﵽСʥ磬൱Сʥڡа֮ӺϷʵһСʥҪǿСʥ۷壬һһ˿ҶһԼʵ˵
ȻˣҶȴûһ˿ʧΪϾŸոս𾳽磬ܼʵﵽа֮ӺϷĳ̶ȣǳԽǡ
ңﵽСʥʵҶѾԱİգʥĸ֣򼴱ϴʥǿߣҲܰȻˡ
дʵݺݴ½ҶЦһ˲ڵڣ֮⡣
һʩչ˲ƣҶȴû˿裬ǳ·ͻһЩȡ
ԺҶǰľԺһ
ʱҶѾܹ׼ȷӦԺʵҲֻһλСʥСʥڣȲа֮Ϸꡣ
Ҷûаֲ𾴣ڵʵѧԺ˺ܴæҵһİ̫ˡ
ض񣡡Ժ΢Цذ˰֣˵ɾʵѾ֮£Ժͬ۽ɣͽһŸá
ôУϾǰҶȻ漴ҡͷ
츳ʵһЩʡ۶곤ѵԺҪǰ𣿡ԺԣɹȻһЦ
ҶЦȷˣ츳ǿԲŲ꣬˱ȼʥʵ
Ժǻ˼ǧϹһЩ𣬶мǧԪ
Ҫ۱֣ҶԺ˾Ҫǰˣʥǰãѵһǰһǰ
ߵ磬һǿΪ𣬱Ҳǰʵֵģʵ࣬Ȼͬ۽ԺΪ˷ʥһҪǰءԺЦ
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ʥҲˣû뵽Ҷߵһˡ
ܵ洫ĺƵʥҶ첻ϲ
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ϣռѾʥˡԺοص˵ͷ漴˲֡
ҶһҴ⡣
Ժһ̤·Խգ˲ͳҶǰȭһĨҵĹâȭŶ緢һɺ嫶ֲ
Ÿ磬ˣҵҲǱȼʥҶ״΢΢һЦתս屻߶˼£ɫȭͷſֱֲӭȥ
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ȻΪǿҶҲֻһˣյ޸ˡ
𾳽ĺôأҲ˲޲塣
ǰҶ컹Ҫ޸壬һȻ޸ˣʵҲԼġ
𾳽繵ͨأƿ֮ս֮ʱ
𾳽磬ƴĻǷ֮֮Ѿ޷Ըϵǿˡ
ղžԺһȭҶ죬ҲκβҶ졣
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սɣҶǳһĨ΢ЦսɣǷʥҲֻǺƽѡ
Ҫ֪Ҷаħصʱ򣬾ʹϷ˾սɣܹսѹһˣ֮⣬̤ħˡ
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ˣˣڵʵһ꣬ҲֲʤԺҡҡͷ
СʥڵʵѹҶһھսɵֲ£ҶҲǿ˶١
СĲ࣬ǲһеƴսֲʤ
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˼ͬʱ֡
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һ춯صĴ죬Ҷ챻ǹǿɳȥٵһС룬Ե÷ǳҡ
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ʲô似֮ļӳ֮ǿ
ҲΪʲô˴ﵽ𾳽Եʣʵʥ֮Ĳ̫ˡ
ͨİ벽ʥסʥһһЩǿİ벽ʥҲʥĶ֡
Ҷſʥ츳ǿǿﵽСʥڡ
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ôǷʥأͬķ֮ʥǿ𣿡Ҷʵ
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Ҷ֪ʥڷʥֻǽ֮似֮ս
£սǿͿ似Լ֮ǿˡ
ǵǳħһսҶħһķ֮һ޵񹦣Ϊβôأ
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޵Ŀռ֮УҶһվվһ£ڴڼ䣬ѾϤԼӵеʵ
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ڷ֮÷棬ͷ
ˣҲֻеҽ񾳽磬׷֮áҶҡҡͷʱˡ
Ҫ֪Ҳûаһļȫ򣬸οڣֱŸոķƤë
νʮԲ֮ҲֻʮѣҶ쵱һιİ£ɱ¾ıԴǼֱһӡ
ߵԲɱ¾ֻ֮һСӶѡ
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߸޷Ტۡ
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ڣ˵Ҷ죬ʥǿߣǷʥҲֻ֮ܽ似֮Уǿ似
뿪˵أҶص춷塣
뵶ڣѾȥˡ
춷廹Ǿĵģ̫ɽƣҶ˵ĵӣȫǳ֮ڣǳûбѧԺѧԱ룬ʵĺûᡣ
춷ϣҲֻж桢ˡ
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Ҷ첢ûͷųԼϢΪﵽ𾳽磬ϵϢѾȫ豹档
ˣҲܵ޵ѹ֪ҶѾﵽһ޷ĸ߶ˡ
м¸ǽһ£Ѿ𾳽磬ϾҪ뿪ѧԺˡ֡С㣬ǷҪһᱱʮ˹Ҷ˵գ򶫷͹档
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Ҳһҧҧ̶ᶨ˵
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Ҫ𾳽磬ǵ츳Ҫǧ꣬ǧ֮á
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ңȻ츳УȻûзʥ׷ֻҪܹﵽ𾳽磬ʵȥЩΣյؾƴˡ
ؾ֮УȻΣգ
ܶƽ𣬶ؾ֮еõԵӶʥġ
ãǵѡһǵϢǵļˣ㡭Ҷ˵ͷ漴㣬˵̵츳ٹþͻѧԺУ㻹Ǽڴ˵ذɡ
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ˣұ뿪ˣҶܻܺǸ˵һ°ɡҶ˵գɨһϤ춷壬ƾʧ˹֮С
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һ죬Ҳﵽ𾳽ġг˼ᶨ֮ɫ
Ҷ뿪ѧԺ£ԺЩѧԱɿˡ̾
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ӵʱҶʱֵ˭ưԺأ
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Ҷ컹̫ס̫ӵģҲȥǳ
Сӣڱ˵뿪ԺǽУǶ˵֮·ŸոտʼҪ˿иݴ½ˮҪǿĶ֡ʥҶ
Ҷ죬Ժݴ½ʱ򣬲򲻵ѣʥغУǾ칬ʥӵݣڽʥ֮ǰǧҪ¶ԺҲѵ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴һ֣صҶлλǰһֱĽ̵ѧԺѣֻҪλǰһ䴫ǺʱεأҶ춼
СӻǺúɣѧԺǼϼһͲõˡʥǺЦȴο֮ɫ
ԺҲ˵˵ѧԺû䣬ձݴ½ҶѧԺָ㲻صġ
Ҷ˵ͷڼλԺע£뿪Ժ
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ԺĴϿգҶζȻ֣漴һѧԱηĿУѧԺ÷ȥ
վھɱʦʯǰҶ칧㣬ſ˵ɱʦѾˣ飬ͺúÿŰɣһɱ¾ʥȴź
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ΪˣȻȴûиӦˣ𺳲ѡ
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ʱҶƿţ˽ؿϥڴϵ
Ҷ죡֮ɫɫһ䣬ϲ𾳽𣿡
ȻҲһλ𣬶һ۷𣬵˿ȴܵҶǳ·һƬ󺣣ɲ⡣
Ҳ𾳽磬ҳԽ˰벽ʥﵽ˴˵ľ硣Ҷ쵭˵
𣡡һ֮ɫ
ǰȻţЩסѧԺһֱڹ۲Ҷ죬Ȼ֪ҶĺܶϢ
ǿƻԺӣɨǳ۾磬˵ۼҵİ벽ʥ
Ҷ𾳽磬ΪȻ𺳣ȴҲš
û뵽żʮ꣬ǸССʦȻΪ𣬱ȼʥĴڡп֮ɫ
Ϊãȥʮ˹̽Ҷ죬ʶ˲ʦҶ졣
תۼʮȥˣҶ춼ѾԽΪ˱ȼʥڵ
붼ò˼顣
Ҳпģ˵ҽ󣬱ȥǻһˣ㣬õϢ𣿡Ҷʵ
ЦΪȻˣˡ
΢΢̾˿˵˵ʧʮ꣬õȷһˣѾΪ˰벽ʥڻڣȴǸףȻԸˣͻһȥˡ
ʧʮꣿ
ҶüͷһʱӦаħ֮Уæʵ֮أȥ
֮·ص˵Ѿ֪ѧԺ飬㣬ѡȥ֮·Ҫʥ硣˵ֻҪʥͻ㡣
ɵѾͷҶЦҡҡͷ
Ҷ죬ȻɾҲͷˣϣ㲻Ҫá㲻ҪΪôŬʵŬӵڵһ쿪ʼ֪Լ޷ƿأһֱƴкü߻ħӦ˽Ϊ˲ܵǣȥ㣬ǵĹϵڣҲֻһ֪˵
İɣӽԺܹ˺ˡҶᶨ˵
οص˵ͷҶɳĵزѾҪˣҲɿȥ׷Ѱʥ֮·ˡ


ʮ ǿ


840 
ֱ֮Ҷ㳯ѧԺ˲ƶȥ
ݴ½ޱߣϷΪ򣬷ֱ򣬱
ѧԺλλãѧԺڶλãСݴ½
Զľ룬Ҫǿ۾ǿ߷УҪϰܷɵõ
һǿߣ˲ƣ֮ڣִܵʥǿߣǽҪĸ¾͹ˡ
Ҷʵȼʥ֮ǿȻ˲Ƶľʥǿ߻һ㣬Ҳ˶١
ԣһ·˲ƵѧԺҲʱѡ
ʶҶ첢ûżȥһ˲ƣһ;ľɫͷ顣
ִݴ½ҶЩ۹һʱ⣬󲿷ʱǴѧԺ˷ڱҵˣȻҪúһݴ½׳
ѧԺѧԺ;ǧ۹ÿһ۹ͬȱʮ˹ǿˣҶ۽硣
Ҷ컹һŮ˹˵Ů۹˶ŮˣΪ۹ŮΪǻ壬ңɣȨ߶Ůˡ
Ҷصڴ˴һµʱ䣬ڼŮ٣ںܾ֮ǰŮŮΪ𣬶Ǻ۹һӵȨ
ŮĻ֮гһţһλѧԺҳΪһʥִŮɾһŮʡ
Ҫ֪ݴ½йĵ۹Ůʳ֣ݴ½ŮʵĴҲָ
ҶԵ÷ǳ档
һŮķ֮Ҷż·ʱѧԺҲԶˡ
ף
Ҷ뿪ŮĶǣ׼ѧԺ˲֮ʱȻƳԶǴ֮УһȺŮĻʼҾųԱΧɱһŮ
Ҷ쾪ȵǣʹõĽǳϤǵѪħʥڸٻ׽
ĪǴ˺ʲôԨԴҶ첻ɵ뵽漴ҡҡͷ۹Զ⿿ٻǵΪƼ궼δظϵõٻҲ𾳽硣
𾳽粻ôýģҶ츳õԵҲŽ𾳽ѡ
ٻûȥԺôô̵ʱڽ
ô˵ȻٻĽҶҲɵһ˿Ȥ֮Уۿ
һȺŮĻʼҾʮˣÿһǿߣΪ׵һ߼ǿߡ
ֻ弶츳ȻܹѹΪ׵Ǹ߼ĻʼҾųԱȻһɶõš
ߵŮҲ򵥣ͬһλ弶ǿߣʵﵽ߼¡
ˣ֣ŵסʮλʼҾųԱΧɱ
Ѿ֪ͨ˸ų˼ϾҪϹˣȰ㻹־ܰɣȻһ˵ͲˡΪ׵߼ǿߴȵ
ŮȻܵʮλʼҾųԱΧһʱҲ
۶ԶܿͻлʼҾŵǿ߸
Ůиһ˿תͷ˵磬߰ɣʼҾŵĸų۾ǿߣһӲˡ
УҲᶪġԥؾܾ
Ůһ˿жҧҧãȻ粻£кξ壿һԿԧ죬
ãͬȵ
棬ʼҾΪ׵߼ǿԣʱɫޱȣԹصٻŭɣ࣬䲻Ҫɱ㡣
ߣŷϲ㣬ôҲûáңƾʵɱҡЦȻŷ𣬵ȴĶ֣ż£źסˡ
ɱ㣬Ȼɱ㡣ŷһסɣֻҪȵųɱɡ
ʱҶоһǿӲԶĵ۶Ƶ
һͷҶԪһһɨʱͷǴӵ۶ߡ
Ȼ˾ǻʼҾŵĸų
úڽɱ˫ҲܵǹɺƵ
ɺʱɫ䡣
෴ŷЦɣҿܣ
û˵ҧԽսԽϣܹһ̣˵ˡ
Ҳˣǵʵվǲһ㣬ûǴŷбѾһλ׷ߡ
߱˫֣Ŀ𺣬ɣߵСӣ㸸׿ɲŮҿ˭ܾ㡣
˵գһǿĵǹεݺݵײϣûзӦ㱻ɳȥ
ͣɿѪɫһҰס
弶Ĳ̫ˣԷĵֵˡ
磡һȴ޷Ϲȥ鿴Ϊŷסˡ
㻹ǹԹԸһȥŮʷɡŷ˵
ŷÿŭȵ
ûõģиųڴˣǲѷɡŷҡҡͷ֪ųȻˣôɾӲˡ
긱ųǱɵĸ׵̤ʯŮǳųжɸӵŭɱɡ
ȻҲ֪£ɫǳѿг˽͵ǡ
СǸһᣬɱ㣬Ҿ˰Դ͸㸸ףٺ١߿У׷ɭЦ
ûмڳ֣ǿƣԼѹ𽥸ܵ
ƺɾףвŻ˷ܣŻ
ɣ֮УҶüͷһӲٻĽü֮䣬ҲٻЩƣѵٻĶӣ
۹ŮôԶľ룬ٻ˵صأ
Ҷв⡣
׼֣꣬ڴʱܵһϤϢӲԶ
δһϬĽâ˺ֱ׷ߡ
ţ׷ͫæ֣һǿϱǰȥ
䣡
ߺݺײһ𣬱ľ졣
ֲನս˫Ҳò֣ͣ׷Χȥ
ϻ쵰ʮȥ㻹ôȻҶҶӳ֣ŮʼҾŵ㶪ˡ
һʴЦһλڳУɵǰ
üĿ㣬һ˫ӥĿ͸ϬһɺƵĽ⣬֮䣬ǳĿֲ
֣֮УҶ۾һǰ֮ˣٻ
û뵽ɾȻٻĶӡ
Ҷ찵̾ʱҴҰһˣҲ˺ˡ
ٻ㾹ȻŮˣǵ۶ҶֵನѾ۶ˣ˭ҲȲǸӡ׷߿ٻһ˿ɵȴȻݺݺȵ
ҸӻôϷעûῴˡɣҴҽӹҿ㻹ܲӹһΡٻһЦǿĽѾϯء


841 
ٻ֣ҶҲûҪٳ֣Ǽ֮С
Ҷڵľ磬Ȼ˲Ϳٻʵһƺոս۾粻ãȶİ׷߲
Ҷ֪ٻʵڰ׷֮ϣȰ׷ǿܶࡣ
Ҫ֪ղٻںԶ֮һð׷ȫֵܵһ˫С
ûԺҲܽ۾磬ɽ֮ǿȻһ˿֮ȶ͹涼ʤһˡҶ찵ȡ
ٻ츳Ƿǳģڱʮ˹ֻ콾ȲϹ档
ңٻûнѧԺû뵽ȴҲô࣬˲ò졣
һ˿֮ҶЩĿɿڴҪ֪ǹͶѧԺ˼ʮ꣬Ҳûһ˿֮
ԺЩԺѧԱܹ֮ԺԺѧԱһݴ½ľţǿɶǴӻԡӷ֮ǧѡγš
ٻǰ츳ԺʸûУȴһ˿֮ȻЩ꣬Ҳ˻Ե
Ҷ첻ΪеˣǱٻΪһˡ
ٻŸոս۾磬ҲɱϷǿ֮߿У׷ٻ֮ʱȻŭ
Ҷ쿴׷ȡһ½׵ȫ߶ٻɱҪҡͷ
һŸ似ûУô֮Уɱٻ
ۣҶʾʱնɱˣһޱȣò˵֮ͨĲࡣ
ҶӻԵ֮أٵԺĶеţԺʥӡӶˡ
׷ֻһۣͨԺԺѧԱʮǧֶȻ벻Ҷ۾
ˣٻͰ׷һҲֶΡ
ٻеĵҶ۹һϽ׵ٻԼһ˿֮Уǳ¡
ٻһΪشİ׷ߣ˫ûʲôʵĴ򶷣ֻһ˲ͷֳʤҶҡͷѡ
Ҳû취ڵҶ죬˵̫Զˣȫһ档
ٻ㡭㾹Ȼ˷֮׷߱شصٻƺǰһС
ϾԺѧԱܹ۾֮˵ٻŸո̤۾ˡ
Ƿ֮ϻ쵰һҿ㻹ܲߣٻɭȻһЦʤ׷һƲ񷣬ƴĽâϯ
׷֮ǰһӲƴֻܾ˲ơ
ٻɱңŮʲŹġ׷߾ֵ
𣿡ٻЦ
ٻ׼׽׷ߵʱжȻһٸɫۣɢҫ۵ĽɫâನֱٻĽâ
𣡡ٻͫ
׷ϲؽе
֮УҶЩؿһĻҲʶŮ൱ڱĵ۹̫ӡ
һŮλôλǵһ̳ˡ
ԭǴû뵽Ѿ𾳽ˣĳϲˡٻǰٸһһ
ϣĿɨһۣ漴ٻٻ걾ʼҾû뵽㵹ãȻãֶŮһǵ찡
֮УҶ㵣û뵽лĹѪ顣
Ůһ£ҶŮĻҲǳ˽⣬ŮŮһǻͲ飬ҲͲŮ
ЩνĹʵǴӻѡľкǿ츳ŮӵΡ
ڵĴԼʵѹŮûʲôϵֻΪԻ壬ټ츳ˣűѡΪ˹
Ĵһ׽ãǱѡΪŮһμѻ
û뵽ٻȴλߵһֱӽմˣһŮʲòĺУٶѡһλ
ڵãλεȻٻĶӹˡ
ָӻǺλŮʸˡ֮УҶЩЦõ뵽
ʱٻҲЩΣҲû뵽ԼĶӣȻһܵŮһλš
ܲô࣬ȻӿеģȻҪš
£ٻҡͷ˶ĺ󱲣ȻߵһǾԵֺ֣αֹأ
ߣҹܼ޸һ֮ٻôҲһǿߣü޸Ҳ㲻ίӾͲԶˣֶŮߵ
ϣսȭͷ֮ɫ
һԵսɵƣҡҡͷ
ٻԼĶһۣԴ˵ҶС֪Ժ󲻻һˣң㲻֪ʱ򣬻Ҷӣȴһôǿ
Ƿһ仰ʱҲ˵
Ŷʲôؿɡ
г˼ᶨĪ
ͫ΢΢һЩȵؿᶨ֮ɫɣƺһ۴ˡ
˵úãٻɣοشЦӣ㲻ҪǵҸҶ𣿵Ҷ廹ȲΪȴһˣһ˵һ仰֮·츳ΨһԺɾԣֻҪӵһǿ֮ģǿߡ
ǣףᶨص˵ͷ
֮УҶп֮ɫ仰鱱ʮ˹޵ʱҶǵ˵ģû뵽ٻǵãҽĶӡ
ˣüǷϻõķϣٻھʹĶ뿪Ůһб̡ջĿ⣬˵
УҲ뿪ģɴץֲţҲץסɵ֣жһƬᶨ
Ҷ춼ǵİжˡ
׼ʱ򣬺ȻüͷһԶգиһ˿Ź֮ɫ컹ְȻλ벽ʥһλӦþŮŮʰɡ
ҶЩȵؿ˲Զһۡ
ڸղţ֮УȻصأȴӲҶ۾
λ벽ʥǺҶһ֮С
ҶµһˣŮŮʡ
ߣڱǰҷһֱ۳һֻɫֶ֣
䣡
׼ǿдʱ飬һλ˳򵥵һָ˴Ľɫ֡
ⳤ磡ǰӣɫʱ䡣
ʦ𣡡
ʦ棡
ٻɸϲؽе
Ҷ첻ɵþȵشλ벽ʥû뵽˾Ȼٻʦô˵ٻҲǴ˴۹ģƾٻܴ۹˵ء


842 ¶
߿Уⳤƾճ֣־ƽ˴۳Ľɫ֣벽ʥĲһɡ
ɫޱȣȵⳤ磬㻹ŮˣѾܸŮˡ
벽ʥԺֻԺʦ㲻ʲôݴ½Ѿ۷弶Ĵڡ
ŮΪһλ벽ʥŮʣޱǿ󣬱Χʮ۶ǿܶࡣ
ԡٿⳤ벽ʥʱǳɵ
Ѿͷ޶ȻϣͲˡⳤ絭˵üͷһ壬˵ȴֱϡ
ⳤתĿ⣬Աߵգ˵Ůʣ˵ǰɡ
ʲôɫһ䣬ŮҲɵÿƬա
ȻⳤĻ£һ漴һɫ۵ٸ˳ģȻͬȴֻ࣬ǱȴԵøӵϣӵׯأ޾ĻϢŰء
⣬ŮŮʡ
ݼŮʣæ
һȺʼҾųԱҲ׷η֮ɫ
ŮܹŮӵִһӴĵ۹ĲʵͬȨı
۹ߣŮʣ޲ηмӡ
ⳤ磬㾹Ȼܹ޵ĴڣЩҲûлķŮؿⳤһۣЩȵ˵
ⳤЦŮʣҲǸ˵ҷһأõһЩϧʵ̫ܳ̽ǴأԸһȥҲõܴջ񡣡
أߣ㻹ƭޣˣҲ׷ˣϽŮ´޷㣬ͱ޲ˡŮüͷһ壬̶ȵ
ɨٻӣԼһۣвɵһ㶣û뵽ŮʾȻô׾ͷ뿪ʱҲҲ졣
ⳤæ˵ŮʣҪһ߰ɣҲҪ׷ʥ磬ͽλѾͷɣ˫ɣͬ׷ʥ粻Ǹ𣿡
ͣڣҶԣһѪ˳û뵽ⳤŮҲС顱治ٻӵʦ
ŮҲ׶ŭһȻԼǾͱ޲飬ߣ
˵գŮһƺⳤ磬ھŵԲķ֮Աγһɿֲӡѹһռ䡣
ⳤæֵֵָ罣ϬĽâЯžŵԲķ֮ڸ߿۳һ񽣡
λ벽ʥȫֲ֣ನֱӽٻɳȥȴû˵ǡ
ҶȤؿλ벽ʥսȻŮʺⳤ츳Ȳܹ벽ʥ磬Ҳǲ⶯ҲֻǱԺʦһѡ
ǲľ޵񹦣ǳʥءȴЩİ벽ʥû޵񹦣ʵձԲǿһЩѡ
Ҷȴ֣λŮʣⳤ磬һİ벽ʥʵǳǿ󣬽ԺԺʦˡ
ȻҲõһЩǰԲűȱİ벽ʥǿ
ţ
Ҷ׼Ϸ֮ʱûһ¶һɵͫ
ȴ׼սŮʺⳤ磬Ȼתâһɱ
ˣҶȻںԷ˵֣ȴоȣΪѾﵽ𾳽磬ʥˣôᱻ벽ʥ֣ԺԺʦҲܷ¶ԡ
Ҷʱûʱ˼һʱ佫תսе£ͷųɽ⣬貵ԣ˶С
ʱԶٻҲһĻ֮ɫ
ȻˣȻ벽ʥڴ˵أССһƬ֣ȻۼŮǿһ
ƣŮʱһӣųĿĹâ˫ӳӡ˷۶Ҷк·
Ʒ޵ˣӦһλʥǰİɣҶһ䣬ڽ֮ɫ˭ҲݣֻǿϢŮʺⳤɵѡ
ͷ¶β֮Ϸһⳤеľ񽣣һƬ貵ĹâһӣҶɨ
벽ʥ۷һһǳҶûע⹥ԺԺʦϣҲҪˡ
Ҷǳ򶨣ֻǱߵԲɱ¾֮ƮƮһӭȥ
̫֮ƣ
ҶʵԸİ벽ʥȻòžȫҲûʩչ޵񹦣̫֮ơ
̫󱻵ھŻʸıֱ࣬޵񹦣ԸЩû޵񹦵İ벽ʥȴǴ´ˡ
ңҶǿʥǿߣȫǽƷȫӳˡ
ɫӡһ֣ʱգ·һƬ嫵ѹ£ֱӽŮʺⳤĹȥ
ǿ͵ƣƺƵغⳤŮʡ
ôܣⳤһȻôԷɻ⡣
ŮҲͫţʲôʱŮһλֲǿߡ
ңǻ֣ҶֻߵԲķ֮Ȼܹӳôǿ츳Ҳֲ̫˰ɡ
ţҶüͷһ壬û뵽ⳤŮôҲ͹Լڵʵæջһ̫֮Ƶ
ˣŮʺⳤҲܵشɫӡڵϣǱѡ
⻹Ҷջһ˲ҲҪˣҲǰ벽ʥҶ̫ˡ
һԵٻ˾Ȼޱǿİ벽ʥӽʥĴڣȻһ䣬Ҳ̫˼ˡ
µ˭ŮʵڴǰٴеصҶ졣
ⳤüղ֣˲ҲˣֻΪڴ˵أ
˼Щղס֡Ҷ쿴ⳤŮǱӣЩǸȻ˵
Ůʺⳤ˿Ҷ첻ǹ鷳ģĻǻĵˡ
ʱҶϵĽɫâҲɢȥ¶ʵݡⳤ米ٻЦ˵֣þòˡ
ʲô㡭㡭Ҷ죡ٻֱ۾ţ۾ΪԼء
ⳤŮȴ۾һͬʱ뵹һӣ
Ժӣݴ½֪ķοҶ졢ֺɨԺܹ벽ʥǿӣݴ½صעĶ
ڵģҶŽԺʮ꣬ĳɾͣһ档
ԣĻѾݴ½߲֮ˣ٣һЩ벽ʥϵǿߣûм֪Ҷġ
ԣŮʺⳤһӾϳҶ졣
ԭѧԺӣѹôǿⳤŮʰһۡ
ǰҶ۾磬ͻ˵ۼҵİ벽ʥݴ½߲㶼ˡ
Ҷ𾳽磬ܹɻǣҲʲô˵顣
ܸԺӣʲôʵ顣


843 ڤ
ҶзЦݵؿǰ𾪲ѵٻһɵˡ
Ҷ죬㣬ҵѧԺһҶľţû뵽Ȼ㡣ٻȻ֮ɫһĻʵ̫ˡ
Ҷǰ츳ǲЩ꣬ٻݴ½˲ʱ䣬Ȼݴ½űȵıʮ˹Ҫǿˡ
û뵽Ҷӱ̤۷壬ΪԺӣİ벽ʥʦ𣬶Ƕ֡
ԭӺСͽʶղĳӣӺⳤ籧˱ȭȴص˿λԭٻѣԲ֮У㻹ΪǴˡ
ӴѾ׹ŮҲ˹ԺӣҶλӣʥСοǡ
Ǻǣᣬ·ŮطɣϳĽԾû뵽λˡҶЦ
ⳤŮʰ̾ԺӲ٣һ԰Ը죬ԶԽӽ
Ҷ˵ӣǻǵһο
ȻҲҶٻʶԵʡ
СӣҶ壬ǵСʱҸ˵ЩλҶ塣ٻæйɡ
Щͽŵ˹ظҶһ
һԵҲˡ
Ҷ˰֣Цתۼʮȥû뵽Ҳ屲ˣ͸ɡ
Ҷ˵գСȡ͸ٻЩǴɱЩУõսƷ
ллҶ壡ɺæлϲؽӹҶͳĵȻ
ǽʣھӵеʵȻࡣ
ԶĻʼҾųԱȫĽʺޣǸŷ͸ųǼʲѡ
ϧʱҶڴˣǲҷ
ιιι˵Ҷ죬ǷˣҲ̫˰ɡɺҶļǳ⣬ٻȴǲ⣬װ˵
һԵⳤŮüҺԺô˵ٻҲʷĵһˡ
Ҷȴ⣬ЦǺǵȻǣҲ뿪пմСɼŹȻҪԸ⣬Ҳѧѧ
Ŷڳ˴ǶǱʮ˹ģȻҪɲˣٻЦ
ҶҲЦЦ鶸Ȼ˺ܶ࣬ӱʮ˹Ҳ˼λĹˣǴǱˣߣ궼ıˡ
ǰٻȴ˿δ䣬Ǳʮ˹ʱٻҶпѡ
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ʥѣһĽʥʥĴڣֱ׷ʥ
ŵĻۡ
Ҷ۾۵ķǳڽһٱ嵽𾳽硣
ȵ𾳽۹ˣʥ磬ͬᱬ
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ȻԶҶĴȣһɿֲ
þκβ޴ĻˣҶ̲ס޵ˣɫ񶦣žŵɷ֮ͬŸҫ۵̫ǿ֮ѹ¡
޴ĻѾǳӽʥˣɿֲ֮£Ҳѹȥ
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һ˾߻ˣһɢ˳ȱ첲ȣˤڵϡ


847 ʥص
ڤҡ
Ҷżʱıڤ棬ڤҵļŭĶʲôϢ߸Ͳħ𣬺Ұһˣǵһɧұڤд鷳ˡ
ڤҵļȻ⣬ǰȴһڹꡣһͱڤһͨò׵ȵڤ淢йˣСĵ˵棬߾㲻ħҲһոս𾳽粻õСӶѣǿҲͰ벽ʥѵʲôͷ
ǰһֱ߾ħԴ뿪׻ѧԺ֮Ǿһֱڴ̽ߵ١
ǰãڷߵ١
ڤ浱ڷħرħ𺦲ˣ֮һʥж̧ͷܵܶʥͬĳЦһ֮£ȥˡ
ڱڤҵļҲ̫СˣϾһõʥȥ׷ɱһĺ󱲣ֱţɱ
û뵽ڤ澹Ȼŭ飬зǳ졣
ߣ벽ʥʮ벽ʥһ١һǧ벽ʥҲһ֮ζˣԺƭˣѾһʥǿ߶ˣѾָʥΪҲ֮¡ڤߵ
˭뵽߾ȻѾһǿʥᣬ治֪ô׻ѧԺʥǿߡ
ڤԼ㲻
ȥɱߣֻΪ˷йеŭԱԱڤвˡǸûа߷һߣ㱳˫֣һֻƵس߲ȥʥ۷ʵԸһСС𣬻õں
û뵽һͿ˫ţնϡ
ڤ浱ˣ⻹ѹһλʵʥһ֮¡
űڤܴսȫñڤ̧ͷֻܻˡ
˵ڤʵ֮£ôҲôߣҪ̫ˣһ¡
Ȼڤ϶ὫԼ˵ֻбŭ𣬽ڤҵļйһ㡣
ʥСѾʥˣڤҵļԵһ
Ҫ֪һԺͷޣҶ컹ҪͷҶһɨԺΪǿӡ
˭Ҳû뵽Ѿʥᣬѹʵôǿ
һʥ˵Ժʲô
Ȼǲǧķ
ʥΪȻʧȥˣǷȴǣΪЩѾ¼ǵ֮ˡ
ˣڽ𾳽֮󣬼ûκƿֱӽʥ硣
Ҫ˶ãߵʵͻȫָˡ
˵ʵαڤ滹ãҪٹһʱ䣬߻ָ˷ʥʵͱŻˡ
ˣҲᣬˣһΪڽ棬෴ħõģȻͲħ𡣡ڤذ˰֡
ڤҵļĿһô˵Ҷǵħصħ𣿡
ҲɹҶ죬ħܹʥ츳ϹšԶʱţǸӻԺָߡ
û뵽Ҵˣһ֪ǿʥ
Ҷ졣ڤ۾غߵߣҶţϾǱʥģҶƾԼߵһԺǿӡ
棬˵۾ͿȰ벽ʥѾ𾳽ˣҪԳֲСڤҵļ
Ҷʱܴݴ½˲֪
ߣǵĲǺҶ컹Լսҵȥأصʮλ̫ϳϣǰѧԺ׼ɱӡڤɭȻ˵
ڤҵļһ㶣ɻ治׼𣿶ңҲûҪһԳʮλ̫ϳϰɣǿɶǰ벽ʥÿһԺԺʦʮ˻ͨϻ󷨣ʥ£ûж֣δ̫ҶС˰ɡ
Сʹ괬Ҷ쵱ܹڷ֮ѹһȻ˷ȫֵĺáڤ
ҪαˣҪչһʱ䣬»ԼԳˡ
ֻڤҵĵˡ
͵ۼıͬڤȻֻбڤһʥȴкܶ벽ʥ
ЩǰڤҵĳϣڳΪ벽ʥ󣬶رչأһŬʥ磬һѹڤң򲻵ѣЩ̫ϳǲġ
һЩʥءͬƵĴڣǵĵ̡
ۼҺųݴ½һңһλʥλͨʥڰ벽ʥ棬ȴ籱ڤʥض࣬ǴеĲࡣ
ڤҴ̫ˣǴϹʱʹʥңۻ롣
ǣ棬̾ȥڤҵļȥȴЩǣǲԴҶ죬Դߡ
ܹΪڤҵļ壬Ȼǰ׳գ֪ڤ֮ԲԶ֣϶֮ǰһսˣһء
˵ߵˣ
ǱڤУδЩ鷳Ͼʥǿ̫ˣܻꡣ
κһʥأ׵һʥ
Щһ˵ʥ˼ɣһǣƵǷ
ǰһ͵һλʥλʥƵɱţʧأƵǷʥԳ֣Żɱʥ
ȻɱˣʧЩţȴҲزˣʧ
˺ݴ½һЩҲҵЩɢʥˡЩ޹ʣɵͲںʲôʥء
ЩԪʥǷҲԼˣԾͳǰһЩ顣
ˣҲɵ֡
ڤҵļͺˣڰűڤæ֪ͨбڤӵֹܻȥȹʱ俴ͷ˵
ҶھŮĻʹƺŮŮʶʱ²ȥ֮һλڤҵĳ˵
ڤݴ½ܴȫ̽Ѱ֮£һº󣬾ͷҶˡ
¸̫ϳǣڤҵļ
ڤȻأڴ˱ڤ֮󣬾Ѿ֪ͨѧԺǱڤѾ֪ҶħϢˡ
Ҷ쵱ʹӾԺʥ֪˴£뿪ѧԺ󣬾һ·١
Ҷ컹һУŮͣʱ䣬ȴǱ˷٣ʱڤҵǿߣŮĵ۶
ȻҶڹܲô࣬ƵؿǰϵһʼǺһơ
ôǸ߼ڤҶⱾʼǣһöɫƣʱüͷ塣
ΪıǸ߼ڤû뵽Ȼֶ
ڴʱһԵŮʺⳤȴϳҶǿɫƣɵɫһ䣬ħ


848 ħ
ʶⶫŮʺⳤľҶתͷ
ֻһͨƶѣûʲô飬Ҷû⣬ǱʼǣȻżΪ⡣
Ҷûע⵽һԵŮʣѾ˫ȣˣҶеɫơ
ţɱ⣡
ҶȻüͷһ壬ϬĿɨŮʣɱ¾Ǻεȵ񣬸ղԴŮϸܵһɱ⡣
ĪأŮʾȻɱ⣬ѵΪƣ
ҶЩȣʵŮʲܲȻΪƶɱ⣬òˡ

Ȼ䣬ⳤ罫ĿҶеƿһ˫ͨŮʴȵ
ⳤŮһݴ½ǣ˴˸ܺãð硢ƺֱŮΪ˫Žˡ
ʱȻϤĳƺŮǿ־ʱսʤħĿҲָѣϽҶеƿ
ãȴҵܹеģʥΪ˴ˡⳤЦ
˵ʵղҲħˣЩ꣬ڤԪҶԪҪǿԼʹĿԼѹˡ
ӣʧˣ
ʱŮһѾƽĿҲָ峺ҶǸȻһ
ˣȻʶҽҶ˰֣ʵƼȻܹλ벽ʥ߻ħ˲ò𾪡
ӣܹΪʥٷ֮ٵļʣŮ˵գȻٿҶеơ
Щ꣬Ůһֱ׷ʥ磬ÿһ벽ʥˣֻҪõǰƣܳΪʥۻһ벽ʥڴˣ֮ġ
ҶЩȻѹŮô嶯ⶫȻܹð벽ʥٷ֮ٳΪʥҲ̫˰ɡ
ӣ˵ɡ
ⳤڤ־ǳǿ󣬴ʱѾȹ˵ӣӦҲ֪ݴ½кܶżؾϹʱԶʱǿġ
Ҷ˵ͷݴ½֪ҲΪЩżؾݴ½ʥͷʥ
öħͨһżԿףֻҪöħܽ⴦żⳤ˵գҶ죬˵˵ӿҲ֪⴦ż
ŶҶ۾һ뿪ѧԺʱ򣬽ѧԺڵĲ鶼һ飬ݴ½żؾա
ǶһЩϵżؾҪôѾ˿ĲˣҪô̫Σգʥȥļʣպգ˸Ҵ
ǻý磡Ůʴʱ˵һʱ䣬Ѿƽ˺ܶ࣬Ȼǳѹħ
ý磡
Ҷͫ
ݴ½½֪żУýǳߣΪһżûб˿ֱһɽ
Ҷ쵱ҲżĽܣʱˣΪڼǰλʥִȥ
˵ķʥҲˡ
Դ֮󣬻ýͳݴ½Ľأ˸ȥв˽ȥҲûٳ
ڣѾһ˸ҽýˡ
ǿʥȥҪżⶫ˭ҪҶգҡͷЦ
ⳤһ㶣漴ЦˣѧԺûϸѯʦͻħǺεȵˡ
޴ڣһöħۣһλǿ˵˭ܸһöħķʥΪһΡһԵŮ˵
ʲô
ҶȻ
ݴ½ķʥǳ٣Ϲĩķʥֻеۼλһˡ
ʣµķʥǴϹʱϼһͨҷӡԱ㱣סȱԪ
ЩʥÿһΣǾŹظһˡ
Ҷűˡ
ȻˣûɵûԸûħⳤҡͷ˵ħһֹöÿöɽýһΣԵΪֹлħýҲֻѡ
ȥôΪΣҶԺ
ⳤĽ˵ȥˣ𾳽ǿߣ󶼻ųˣȫΪʥ
ÿһöħɴ˽ý磬ȥһжʮˣʮ߸ȫΪʥʱݴ½Ůʽ˵ȻѾѹħĿȻĽ֮ɫ
ҶĿһ£ʱħǶôܹһλٷ֮ٳΪʥ
ⳤ˵գӣص˵Ȼ󣬵ÿһγ֣һѪȷ磬Ϊ˵õ𶼲ʥҲˣڳһЩ벽ʥ⣬Ѿ֪ħĴˡ
ӷģҵȻὫлħϢ͸¶ȥǴֻмöܽý磬Ҫý磬Ҫӵлħ˺Уһᱩ¶ġŮ˵
ΪˣⳤŮʲŲõöħ
ͱһȥ
Ц
ܹõöħˣٶʥؼĴڣһǷǳǿʥأ
Щһý磬뻢ıƤ»ûнȥˡ
ңֻҪұ¶ӵлħϢΪ׷ʥͻǰͺ̵ɱһЩΪ˺ʥҲ֣Ҳһλǿʥûк·
ҲֻЩǿʥءȵȴܱסħ
ˣһصġҶ˵ͷⳤһöħֱһֵͷ᲻ãҪЩµĵˡ
ֵĶ˭ߣҶħһ
ȻԼΪʥаգҪʥ̫ˣа֮ӡϷ꣬˺ܶ꣬۵ķǳ񣬲ܹʥ
Ҷɲа֮ǻôʱ䣬Ҫʥôý磬Ļˡ
ٷ֮ٳΪʥļʣҶǳĶˡ
Ҷ֪ڻǽýʱ򣬱ϾûаհȺۣöħ
»Ҫӳ顣
ҶգǱʼǿ
Ůʺⳤûи߼ƪڤʧ֮£ҲںʼˣһԴʮ˲ˡ
ŵɫƣȻȻڣѾ½ʥˡ
Ůʺⳤ̽һ£Ȼȫһ֮£Ѿܹˡ
ⳤ۾һ˵ڿӳһȻܹ硣
ŮҲǳ˷ܣ˵ħûʸӵУż˼ȻӵлħȻͨʥǿߣ»²ٺö
λ벽ʥڴ
ɢް벽ʥ似Ժʥصİ벽ʥࡣ
ҪʵֻͨЩżѰˡ


849 
ⱾʼһķʦҲżˡ
һʦڷһĳɾͷǳߣϹʱǿķʦλЩڽӼʱǳ
ңһλǿʥȻǷʥŷһİæʵѾڷʥ֮¡
˵ǰʱķڷһ棬ԻΪǷ
ͷ֮󣬲Ҷ찵ࡣ
ֵ֣ȵȣȻҶͫһ˵ҶҴı˵Ƥ
ż¼Ƥ
λϹʦֽҲħĵӣħɱ

֣ݴ½ͷǳ٣ֻݴ½򣬲Żַ֣Ҳǳ١
ңͰһϹʱˣҴӰӼ𣬻аħΪ˿϶ͬһʱΡ
ĪͬһˣҶ첻ˡ
Ҷȥ
һš
λһʦȻһʦʦڻý֮УһλһԶʱĴ
꣬˻ý磬ʦ֣һҴڤ
ڤİԪǳǿȻֻʥԪȴѾˡ
ΪôǿԪŷһĳɾͲŻԽԽߣϾЩרŸһ飬϶õܸߵĳɾ͡
Ƿ׷ߵ˭׷һ
Ȼȥʦѵʦڻý֮𣿡Ҷüͷ
ڱʼ˵ˣʦȷǱڻý֮УԶʱڣȥˣûħ滹Ҫҡ
мʦĴ;֮㷢һҪȳʦһֱ׷һҲϣܹƳǿķȳʦ
ʦǺεȿ£ȻҲ֪ʦľ磬ʦܹԶʱڣҲһλ
ңʦڸڤӵбȼԪʦҲǷ
룬ʦԶʱһλ
˻
Ҷ쵹һ
һλĴڱڻý֮Уý絽ǺηʥŪģȻһλ𼶱ĸ˼ꡣ
ѹֵλʥȥôңҲãʦ𣬲űסýֱһҶ̾
סЩʥȥ
Ҳ⡣
Ǿǻħ
ⱾʼǵУҶ֪˻ħǰʦƳģȻûʲôֻҪöħڻý֮бס
ʦһƵʮöħɰ˳ȥϧϹʱѰҷĲϵʱһյأȻ˳ȴʧʮһöħ
ֻʣһöħ;ĲطϣԵܹ˵أͨ飬ʦ
ʮöħ
ղⳤ˵ˣѾ˽ýˣô˵Ѿȥ˾öħֻʣöħˡ
Ҷ첻ɵüͷ
Ҫöħܽý磬ȴֻʣöˣö֪ʲôط
ôȳλʱ뵽˰취ľѪƳһԾȳʦ𣬾ͷ֮С
ңҲúѰ£ڸ֮лһһķκʥķ

Ҷ۾һʱˡ
һǷϹšԶʱҲı
ڵݴ½ٵĿֻһЩۼλʥ֮ԺųµһΪӵ˻ʽ
ȻõҶҲҶãЩʥʥ֪ǾͲˣѧԺҲס
ܹõ˭˷ܵģΪΪʥʥκβ
뵽ҶⱾʼǣæ
ӣ
ӣ
Ůʺⳤӭ
Ҷ쳯ǵ˵ͷ漴ʩչָʱһִѪɫ磬ǿֲĽ磬ָ֮£ˡ
Ůʺⳤʱ۾һͬʱҲȻΪָղһ˲ɱǡ
ʵϣΪҶɱ¾ָһҲپŶ֮¡
ˣŶϾȺ似ʺ϶ԸˡָǵĹ似ǿ
ߣ
һƽ磬Ҷļ˲ͷ
ŮҪȥȴⳤסˣɵü
ôŮɻ
ⳤû˵ǿԶѾɽ֮еҶ죬ſ˵ɵˣܹӣڼ㱦бѡȻǳԿġ
ǡŮʻ˵ȴⳤϡ
ʲôо춯صıҪǵȱһǷ֣ܹ֤ӲɱڣôҲݴ½֪նںûҲҴӽģǷһ顣ֻҪص㣬Եõıܽλǰ;ӡⳤ˵
ŮԳĬص˵ͷݴ½ǿΪǿʳղҲǳ嶯ˣⳤѣʱѾˡ
ãҲҪȥá
ݴ½ҲͬһЩȥؾһʼ˻ͺһֱ˷һˡֹĶǣսթЩϲжô¡
ŮҲΪˣٳȥǴŮĻʹ֮Уһ׷ȥһָ󱲡
ҪģȻλദãҲóλӺƽ׽ˣһͽٻǲϵջδػСⳤ翴ųĬŮʣο
ŮҡҡͷЦղҳ嶯ˣлˣʵܹõмƪڤѾûаһˡ
ܹôٺòˡⳤЦ
ΪΪʳҪݴ½סʱҪסԼԼıҪȥ롣
ʱڡ
ҶҲⳤŮûиüͷһ壬Ͼˣܿ׹ɵȻʧЦ
ⳤ絹ǻˣѹܹƾһɢ벽ʥ硣Ҷ찵뵽
ȣûⳤ֪Ҳ֪ż
ߣⳤûкһ뱦õıø
飬Ҷֱ޳֮ˣⳤ㹻ĺôԼϹȥԺħġ
Ҳգ⣬ıѡЩõġҶգֱӳŵʮ˲ȥ
Ϊ֪ͱ֮С


850 
ʮ˲ÿһ㶼ϸҶһ·רһ㣬רŷŷ鼮һ㣬Ҳһȵȡ
λʦڷһɾͺܸߣҲ漰ܹ㣬󷨣һЩаħо
ȻоЩΪ˷һġ
һ򵥣ȴ
һЩ򵥵ķţȴ漰صİӶ

ڵ˵ʮ˲ʱҶ۾һһ˸ָ鼮ıʼǣȴз
һҶ쿴ǱʼǣѾˣΪƳѾһ۶ķѵˡ
ңƵзȫȥĲϡ
ⶫֻϵǿ߲Ƴ
λʦȴƾʥΪƳˣһҪǴȥݴ½ᱻ䶯ġ
ǵҲ֪˽̰ģԲûб¶ԼϢƺ֮ͷڴ˵ˡ
£Ҷ߹һܣһǽǰ
ǽϹһеһͺ׺ͷЩЦĿ⣬ȴ͸ͬǿһĺ嫡
ǰ
һеˣҶ칧һ
Ƿʦ
ݹ֮Ҷ콫ȡڻǽϣʱ¶һء
Ҷ漴ְأǰһǽںȻһΪҳȥ¶һɫʯ̨
ʯ̨ϣϥһͺ׺ͷȫ¶ɢŵİɫâ嶼õģʵ塣
㡭㡭
Ҷʱʧɫ۾ɵϴ𾪡
ǰ֮˲ǸղŻİ
ѵλʦû
ԡҶ첢ûдϸܵκεϢ
ǰҲ꣬ûϢ
ˣȹϲͨϷµĿ飬Ϸϣ֪˶೤ʱ䣬Ǿꣿ΢һҶ죬漴Ȳʵ
Ȼǰ
Ҷ찵漴˵ǰ˵ľϹʱˣƣʱ˯мʮˡ
ʮ꣡

ԣʱ鸴漴̾˿
һ˯ʮ꣬ǰϤݴ½Ѿ˷츲صĴ仯
׺ɣﰡ
̾˿̶Ҷ죬˵ˣʲô֣ʦУ
Ҷ죬̫ʥʥӣҲѧԺӣոմѧԺҵطǰµż˴˵ءҶæ˵
̫ʥѧԺԣжʱһ˿ȣٶϸһҶ죬ĿбһɫĹâҶ˶С
ǰҶ鲻ԽرǿϢס̽⡣
ȻһλʦҲһλϹʱǿʥҶڵʵͬʥֹʥǿ̽Լ׾ٵġ
ˣǿ͸ҶһЩʵȵ˵û뵽㾹Ȼһλ콾ţϷǸʱҲǰʮš
ǰˣҶǿЦЦа࣬ʵ츳ڵʱҲֻϷа֮ӵ˿ϹʱȻֻܽǰʮ
ѹϹʱʵ̫˰
ϷЩ֣츳Ȼ칬Ǻεȴڣ̫ʥΪ칬һƾڵʵʸǵʥӲŶԡɻ
ҶԶʱЦǰ˯̫ˣܻ֪Ϲʱһ飬칬ûˡҲˣڵľ칬ҲֻʥӶѣڵݴ½Ѿܾûе񾳽ǿˡ
ˣһۣ漴ҡͷ˵ܣϷһΣǵѾȥ˷壬ѾˣԻݴ½ݴ½˭ܹ䣿
һҲϾ̫Զˣһλǰ˵ʬƺھ칬ڣҾѾʮûгˡҶ˵
ر仯̫ˣˣôı仯ϷһҲûκιϵˡ̾˿漴Цҡҡͷ
Ҷ۾һɣŵǰǰʲô˼
þȣϷˣ𺳵Ҷ죬ںЦЦȻϷǱɱģԼɱġ
ɱҶ۾ٶһɣɫЩŹ֡
ɱ
һʦһλʥԱû¸ɣȻɱ
֪Ҷ룬Ǽ˵ӦÿϷµıʼ˰ɣϷƵڶʱȴһȱӶ޷飬֮£ϷΪ˲빦һ񣬾׼ԼںϣΪ顣ΪˣϷܻڣȻΪϷһʥܻʮꣿ
飡
ҶʱȻ
ѹûзκϢҲûκϢԭǰİֻ顣
ˣҶ죬ȻͨϷĿ飬ô°ɣϷԸҲӦסȻ֣ص˵
ҶȻ֪Ը˵ǰģһƳǼý磬ܲܽʦͲܱ֤ˡңô꣬µʮöħѾֻʣöˣö֪ʲôطʱҲȥý硣
ֻʣö𣿡üͷһ壬ЩȻԼƳģܽý磬һжǰ׷ˡ
ˣʦ˼ҵ˼꣬Ҳںʱ䣬úΪǿˣܸӳ漴˵
ǰ֪˵ҶЩȲʵ

ʥδûڵݴ½˵Ǻεȵи˶֪
Ҷǳڴ֪ǼʲôһѵǾˡ
ǺǣʵѾˣСӲ²¿ЩصЦ
Ҷһ㶣漴ĿȻеǰ֪ˣ߲ʿռԳһ壬ȻԵֵסռĻĪǾһ
ռǶĿռ䣬Сӿ֪ܲĿռ䣬ֻоĴڣӵУСҲࡣԺ˵
ƾʥΪȴƳСĿռ䣬һˡ
ԭˣҶ찵𺳣Ȼռ䵽ЩôȻСƣǿ϶ͬ졣
ڶĪǾ𣿲ûз֪֮ǰָܷ㡣Ҷ漴˵
ղŰҲ˵ˣھ֮ڣҶܿ뵽߲ʿռ䣬
ȻЦµòʱ֮ϷƵĵһҲҪ͸


851 ʱ֮
ʱ֮
ҶԣɵٶȴȻкá
뵽аħаҶвڴ۰Ͱ͵ؿ
ɨһϤı̾˿ЦҶ죬߲ʿռ䣬ϷѪνϷĵ֮ʱ֮ȴϷЩա
ŶҶ۾һУʵѵУ
ЩؿҶһۣҡͷЦСӸûɣɲǹԵϷƵڸûйҲûз
Ҷԣʱɫһ硣
νϣԽʧԽࡣ
ڴѾõȻǹ
ǺǣҲҪʧʱȹáʧҶ죬ɵЦ
Ҷ̾˿͸ɣܱûҪãѯʱ֮ô
˵Ϸղ˵߲ʿռϷĵ֮ʱ֮ȴֻ˵Ϊ
Ϊʲô˼Ҷɻ
ЦϷʱ֮ʱ򣬿ɲҪƸҪ÷Ĺͨʱ֮ƳһԽֹʱҪ֪һɹĻ񼶱ǿߣҲ˲ѹסȻֹʱ̫ܲͬ׻޵ˡ
ֹʱ䣡ҶԲɵ𺳡
Ҫ֪һսʱͻȻֹʱ䣬õ޷ǲ˰ӣôô
ңʱ䡢ռ䣬ǿһ򰡣߷ˣо򣬰һʥȻƿʱˣҲ̫˰ɡ
㲻Ҫ̫ȣϷҲ÷ģʱ֮ѡЩ𼶱ǿߣƿļÿһ飬밡Ц
ǰѾǳˡҶпϾֻһʥܹһѾԽˡ
ôˣҶ׷ʵ
̾˿˵ϷҲ˵ʧܻ߳ɹƵͷȴͻȻһʯ֮Ȼ漣ʱ֮Ϊһ壬˵ʵϷʱҲˣֻؿʱ֮ĪˣҪϷĲ裬Լͳɹˡ
ʲôҶԵɴ۾Ȼ顣
ôҲһλʥǿ߰һֱ׷ʥˣôǿʵһʯҲܱܹ顣
ʯȻӹ˰ĸӦһԶغʱ֮Ϊһ壬ѹְ˵Ϊ
ǰںϺʱ֮ûʱֹ𣿡ҶЩڴʵ
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˵ȻûʱֹȴʮʱٵΪһĸ
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ҶͫһżؿŰЩϲ˵ǰ˼ǣʱ֮ʮʱ䣬Žȥһ죿
ʮʱ١Ц˵ʱ֮ͱȱ˿ԶʮʱˣڱʮʱȴѾһˣ뿴жôֲЧ
ð˵ȥҶ첻ǰ׳գ֪ʱ֮ô֮Ѿ˵ˡ
һֱҶЩݴ½ǿߡţȱٵʲô
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Ҷӵ˶޵񹦣һЩʥǿˡ
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ٿԺţһǼꣿҶһ궼ʱ䣬żʮѡ
⼸ʮѾҶﵽ˵زǼأ
ħ˵Ҫڰ֮ڳΪʣʮ꣬ʱ֮Ҿ߰ʱˡҶ찵뵽
֪жôˣѹȻûκιͷ
Щµ˵ȱٵʲô
ʱ䡣
ǧʱ䣬ѵܳΪʥ
ʥʱ䣬ѵܳΪ
ʱ֮ϵǿûãΪԪޣȱʱ䣬µ˵ȴ
Ҷʱ乥ԵҲԸ⻻ʱ֮
𾳽ǿߣǧ꣬ʱ֮֮£ʱ䡣ôʱ䣬츳һ㣬ҲܳΪʥˣ츳ǿ㣬Ϊ⡣ҶȻͲס𺳡
𾪵Ҷ죬Ц˵֪˰ɣ˵Ҳмһˣ˵ȴõˡ
лǰȫҶ칧һ̫ˣ̫ˡ
ܹƳİҶѣȻĵЩ˵ףǰ˵ӣǿʯҲɾԵ
ˣʱ֮ôû飿ҶȻʵ
ԿЦҲ֪ĹͷϷɵģݴ½û顭ϷҲ֪ʲôԭ򡣡
ûû飬ֲսģֻҪСУԺչزʱ򣬾ʮʱˡҶԲں˵
ȷˣ˵ͷ˵ȴ򷢵Сɣ뿪֮ٽ߲ʿռҲսСС
ǰѣһ˸ȷ⴦żҪҲҵżҶЩΪѵ˵
һЦܼ򵥣Ϸ򿴵óǰ벽ʥԪҲˣǵ츳ⱲûлԵǱʥˡ
ѵǰаհǽʥҶȴ˰Ļ֮ɵ۾һ
ôܣҡͷҪʥֻԼûκܹ㣬Ҳﲻ㡣Ϸ򵱳Ƴһַģ԰벽ʥΪʥ
ǰΪʥҶ첻ɵú
ʥǼٵʥźСʥʵûٴĻԵʵˣʥԪʥһԣϹʱһЩû츳ʥˣͻϷ򣬰Ƴַġ˵
ҶԷǳ𾪣ǷʦȻܹƳַģϧַǲҪˣɲֹСʥ硣


852 ʥ
ʱ֮⡣
ⳤŮʶڴؿǰıϽЩ֮ɫ
磬˵ôڻûŮЩĲɵʵ
ⳤϤĳƺһжʱϲסеϲã˵㲻ҪˣӴԽã˵ıԽ࣬ʱ⣬Ҳܺ
δ䣬ͼҶʱ֮ڷɳ˵һ㶣漴ϲõӭȥ
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ӣ
˲ɵڴؿҶ졣
Ҷ΢΢һЦƣĹâһöȭͷСķģ⣬͸صϢ
λǾ¡ҶЦ˵
ţ
Ůʵüͷһ壬һ˿ŭ⣬ôһ͸һһöģҲ̫˰ɡ
ⳤҲüѵԼˣҶϴ󷽷һС۵ˡ
뵽Ҷʵⳤ绹ǰŮʴ˸ɫҪϾ£òͷ
ŮʴʱѾʵȻŭǺⳤһ˽ӹһöġ
ӣ֪кãⳤ絭ʵҲû֮ǰĿ𾴣һ˿䵭
ϾҶģȻǿҶʵͨĿ飬ûҶʵǿҲִᷢ˵أӲõЩ
ڣҶֻô㶫侲ıҲ޷Ρ
ҶȻϻۣȴϾЩ벽ʥһδ򽻵ǰѾϿⳤ磬ʾⲢû⣬ЦŽ͵оۻֻҪǽںϣ۷֮ɾʥ
ʲô
찡
ⳤŮԣǰ벽ʥѾ˷꣬˿Ҳ˲侪
񡭡ӣ㡭㡭ղ˵ǣŮ˵Щˣֻ۾еľۻ
ⳤҲˣǿ־˿Ҳг˼𺳡
˵ⶫ԰۷֮ɾʥ硣ҶЦ˵Ҳ֪Щ벽ʥһӵǽʥ磬Ȼʥ·ǰȻмޱȡ
Ҷ컹Ǽ͵ҲҪ˵̫磬öĳɾʥôֻǼʥ
ʥŮɻ
ⳤҲɻؿҶ죬ѯʵӣ֪Ϊʥ
ҲҪΪʥ˵İСֻԼĳΪʥôֻӵСʥʵ޷ٽһԺʲôԵȻǼʥҲкʥһԪҶ͵
ԭˣŮԻȻɫЩӡ
ⳤʵӣ֪öĳΪʥǷԶɹ٣
٣ҶЦҡҡͷʥʥٽ٣ֻҪںϣƬ֮ܳΪʥ
ⳤŮжʱâһ
ⳤ綸ȻһԵŮʡ
ŮʱҲ˹ȿڵ˵ˣҵ츳ԼλᣬһҲ޷ʥҾԺ˷֮Ҳδضù٣ӦףЩɢޣʵ˷֮Ҳкܴ֮¡
ⳤԵ˵ͷҲ뵽ˣ˵ǲܵ飬ʥѾǼˣȻˣֺαؼðգǳΪʥ˼ǧԪ޺ӡ
˵գ˿Ҷ죬һ
ζл˱
мͬʱҲΪԼղŵ
Ҷ˰֣ǲҪлңûǣҲ˴˵أʵ˵ҵõıá
ӲˣûǼӵбɽҲܹлʥ벽ʥĽˡⳤ֣ص˵
ŮҲ˵ͷ
ԽˣҶзԽϾЩɢް벽ʥ֪ǵ˼ۻһʣа֮ӡϷ»᲻мһˣֱӶ
ԣҶЩǷⳤŮʡ
ɣҶĿһͻȻ˵Ȼܹ˷ĽʥֻСʥû޵񹦣ʵСʥе׵ģ൱ٴһ޵񹦣ǾСʥڵʵԺмƪڤ˵ܴﵽСʥ۷塣
޵񹦣Ů۾һɣŵؿҶ졣
ⳤҲ˵ˡ
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ҶȻˣ֣Сȡɱ¾񣬷һԣ˵޵ǽָһŵ幥޵񹦣ǳǿھͿʼѧϰɣҲҪչһˡ
лӣ
лӣ
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޵񹦰ɢް벽ʥܹõ޵񹦣кܶɢް벽ʥΪЩʥصĴ֣Ϊܹѧϰ޵񹦡
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Ҷûǣתٶȷɽ˱ڣⳤŮҲæϥɱ¾ǰʼָ
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ҶԿЦǰ֪ݴ½˲˺ܶ࣬ϾǸʱʱָšڣʥг֣ݴ½ϣ벽ʥܳΪһˡ
Ϸû⣬ÿһʱĿʼˡ꣬ϹʱʼʱҲû񣬺оĴ£Ϲʱŵһλλ񣬴˻Ի͡
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ҶЩ죬ǵһ˵飬뵽̫ʱľλ˻ʣԶʱľλЩƺݴ½ֻܵŸ𾳽ǿߣµаҲ֪£Žа֮ӷӡں
ǰ˵Ϲĩ˿µһսǾ칬һսˣǵһιҲսˣǵʱΨһһλ񡣡Ҷ˵
üͷϹĩս֣ݴ½ʲôܹ칬Ϸʵڲžûм𣬸֪Ŀ£ݴ½ˣϷҲž
Ҳδ֪ĵ˰ɣЩ֪ҲûãҲûʵܡҶҡҡͷ漴һϥ£Ǳмƪڤ
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мƪڤôֲ߼ڤ϶ǿ󣬶ʱ֮ʮʱ٣˸߼ƪڤôԪºܿ׷ʥǿߣܹڽʥ֮ǰԪ֮Ǿ͸ӿˡ


853 
ǿԪ񣬲ܹΪϾҶ컹žĹ似ңԪԽǿ־ͻԽǿȻЩ𣬵ҲЩϵ˴ϢϢء
ֻҪǿ־ҶѹסǹħԣҲõħԵķˡ
ʱȫƿ֮ˡ
Ҷڴ飬ȴҡҡͷ߼ƪڤϷȷУȴܸ㣬ΪϷʦǰģὫ߼ƪڤκˡҪõ߼ƪڤֻȥý硣
ðɣмƪڤ˵Ҳ㹻ˡҶЩʧҡҡͷ漴Ȿмƪڤ
˳ƪڤĵӣټҶǿ츳ܿͿ͸мƪڤֻˡ
ûмһηɳʱ֮
ʱ֮죬ȴѾȥһˣⳤŮʶѾָɹˣʹԺȻˡ
ңһڣþۻΪһʥʵһ㶼Ҷ֮ˡ
ӣ
ӣ
һҶⳤŮӭ
Ҷɨһۣ˵ò˺ܶ࣬һӴԪҶ찵ȻʥԪǳٶܻǧ꣬еûܻһ֮꣬ˡ
ϲλʥˣҶЦ˵
ⳤŮʶ˵ЦЦܹΪʥ֮ǰ붼顣
˵ЩԺʥҵİ벽ʥʮ֮һļʽʥĻôЩɢޣаٷ֮֮һļʽʥ
ڣȴ˫˫ʥˣҪǴ˳ȥԻɢ޽ĺ䶯
ǷǳмҶ죬Ͼεջ̫ˡ
ϧǲ֪ҶջȻûǿʵЩջʥԸ⡣
λѾ뿪ɣҲҪǰѧԺˣԺԵټҶ漴˵
ӵʵȻܹܵġŮЦ
ⳤ˵ͷпŮǡ
ǣҶ۾һٿһЩߵŮʣɵùЦϲˣҪǰƵĻҿҪȥϲư
ȻѾﵽʥŮʣѾټ׷ˣþۻΪʥʵҲ޷ٽˡ
ټⳤһУܵⳤĶ⣬ʼһߵһ
˵ЦˣߣҲͿңڣҪһɨԴˮ㡣ⳤЦ
βܹΪʥܱ˹飬ֱԲȻǳˡ
ã֮ҲҪرһˣһǵġҶЦŵ˵ͷ
ⳤŮʵǣ̤Ĵ뿪߲ʿռ䡣
ҶҲʱ߲֮ʿռ䡣
ȥѧԺˣڴ֮ǰҪȽڤСɾ硣Ҷ΢΢˼Ƭ̣漴СеһС磬ųκͬ⡣
λǳħŵ̫ϳϣԴӱҶսСУһֱȺʣµħŲӡ
ħ֮ӣκͬһ֪ҶԼһ漴ȴǴˡ
һλԲȻ˲ͿҶѾ𾳽ˣʵǿˡ
ϲħ֮ӣκͬæ˵аŹȥʮ갡ҶĽȻô죬ֱ
ţҶ˵ͷ漴˵Ѿݴ½ˣѾ뿪ѧԺݴ½ĵͼȿҽС磬ϸϵѧԺȥ
ǣӣκͬæͷӦа˷ܣڴǳˣһӵ밡
£κͬ⽫Ҷݹݴ½ͼϸۿһ飬𾳽ǿߣ˲ͼס˵ͼݣݴ½ҲȻˡ
Ҷгʱ֮ҽУκͬ⽫սСУʼѧԺ·
Ÿ·ʱ䣬Ҷʼʱ֮мƪڤ
κͬԲٶȣҪһܸϵѧԺʱ֮ڣǾһʮ꣬㹻ҽмƪڤСɾˡҶ찵뵽
мƪڤǳǿ󣬴ﵽСɾ磬Ԫܿʥ磬ﵽɾ磬ԪܿȷʥˣﵽԲ磬Ԫܿˡ
߼ƪڤӿ£Сɾܿ񣬵ɾ磬ſȷԪ
Բ磬ǼԪ֮ˡ
ҪҵԪﵽ񾳽磬ô似ͻǰδеǿԶʥǿвˡҶ찵뵽
ͬʱ԰λصʦǳηȻܹôµĹ

Ҷһһ߸ȥѧԺʱⳤŮҲصŮ
ǽʥ˲Ƶٶȿ࣬ܿͻصŮʹ
ûǽʹʮ˸ˣӻʹ֮ڷɳˣһɢǿϢʮ˸˻һϻ󷨣ⳤŮΧС
˭ŮһôİǿߴԼʹڷɳʱʧɫɵŭȵ
һߵⳤҲ𾪣ʥȻ˲ͿЩ˵ʵǰ벽ʥÿһŮ֮ǰǿࡣ
ʮǿİ벽ʥ󷨣ֵܵСʥƬʱˡ
ţôûҶ죿Ϊ׵һɨⳤŮһۣɵüͷ
ˣȽץϸʡڶ˵
ⳤŮǵĶԻʱȻŭ˵Ⱥ߲ˣǾѡ֡
ʥһ˶Щ벽ʥοʥ
ߣⳤ磬Ůʣƾʵǿ⣬ʶĸϽ˵Ҷ䣬ǾŮҡͻȻȺзɳһ˺ȵ
㣬ڤۣǱڤҵˣҶӸʲôⳤһ۾ϳˣŮݴ½ʱҲʶ˺ܶ벽ʥⱱڤ۾֮һ
ңڤ۵׷ŮʣϧŮʾܾˡ
ٺ٣͹ܲôˣߣڤ۶ⳤûкӡһЦһ˿ɱ⡣
磬ǷϻȻӲɱǡŮʺȵ
ⳤȴЩԥȻЩˣڤҵǷǳһλǳǿʥŮʼҲǶԷĶ֡
ʲôΪǷŹǣǾܷŹ𣿡Ů֪ⳤĹ˼ɣɵúȵ
ⳤ˲侪ѣæ˵ͷã
ʮ˸ڤҵ̫ϳϲ˵ɢӺͿ𣬾Ȼǿ⡣
Ǳڤ۹Ц˰ɣȻҵȿ⣬ҵҪɱˡ
ҿǣⳤЦȫʵʥʥչ֣һǿסС
ʥ
ôܣ
ڤͫ𾪡
ʱŮҲչֳԼʥʥʮ˸ڤҵ̫ϳ
Ҳʥˣڤ۾ؿŮʣӳ׻ˡ
ıڤ̫ϳϣҲˡ


854 
ⳤŮʥȫڤ۵˸ûжٷ֮㱻Ʒˡ
Ҫ֪ڤ۵ʮλ벽ʥԺԺʦĴڣӽˡ
ҲֻǽӽѣʥĲ̫ˣҲܹ𿹺⼸¡
ⳤŮʶѾ˫˫ʥǻѧָ޵񹦣Ҷȫ֣˵Ķ֣οʮλ벽ʥ
ˣ
ڤ۵˷ӡΪضڻʹһ֮УⳤŮʺܿҵ˱ӡڻʹһеٻˡ
ڤ۸ûںǣֻǽǰȻȥӭսⳤŮˣҪ֪ⳤôĻǿ϶ٻвˡ
ϧ
ⳤٻ˿ڤ۵ڣû뵽Ҷ涼ûмһˡ
ҪǰҶУǻܹܣϾɨԺӣ֪ǿ
ȴܸɢޡ
ñڤ۵һڱɢ޵ˣɵб߲ѡ
û뵽ⳤ磬ŮʣǾȻʥˡڤʵصⳤŮʡ
ʲô
ʦ𣡡
ٻԣɵ־ϲؿⳤŮʡ
ⳤЦŶ˵ζӣǲлʥǺǡ
ŮҲԵú˷ܣʵˣҲźˡ
ٻʹ˼ѣԺʥţݴ½ﲻȥ
һԵıڤȴЦߣǽʥΣʱ֪ùԹԷǣǱڤҵǱɡ
ⳤŮɫһ䣬ڤܴһλǿʥ˵ѾǴʥϵǿߣܽʥˡ
ȻʥѱɱҲǾԵģϾŽСʥһǿʥʵ
ߣڤܴǱڤδûʶˣǿߣ϶Ҳʥмλʥ֣ʥԻĺܲҡ
ͨ㣬ⳤĿȴԥ˵ʵȷͱڤҽ
Ůһ棬ȴⳤ羫ˣϾƿһ۹ʱЩֶεġ
磬ɱǰɣҲͱڤҴþǷŹǣǻŹ𣿶ңӶжѵҪ𱨣Ů˵
ڤͫͨ۾ŮʣŭЦúúãû뵽Ůʣ㾹ȻôĺǰСˣΪɱǾûݴ½ֻҪǱڤ˵һ仰ɢ޸û֮ء
ߣɱɱǱڤңǻɱǹⳤһܹ벽ʥ磬ľȻŮʵѣϾ;ˡ
ûԥⳤԶ֣һӳɱһλڤҵ̫ϳϡ
⽫ڤöԷܵһӽĿ־Уñڤ۾ŭѡ
ⳤ磬Ůʣǲúڤŭ𣬾ȻѡԱˡ
ıڤ̫ϳϣҲӲֱԱ
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ŮһֱǿסǣһԵⳤҲæ֡
λʥ֮£ڤ۵˵Աû˵
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ڤҵʮλ̫ϳϣˣǷɱҶ죬ȴҶ涼ûм
֪ڤ֪ˣ᲻ᱻ
ɱʮλڤҵ̫ϳ֮ⳤŮȴһǳˡ
֪뱱ڤҳΪˣұڤϾͻ֪ɱЩ˵ģϾЩŮĻʹ
ЩսʱҲ۶˿ˣǸסܡ
ʦŮʣǱڤҵôֲѵʥҲ˼ɵٻⳤŮһüӣɵþȵ
Ҳˡ
ȻϾʵ£û˽ݴ½ˮԵøЩС
ʥҲ޵УοŸոսʥⳤԣڤҵһЩʵ˵ٻ
ٻɫһ䣬û뵽ڤҲǼ򵥵ʥء
ȷֻҪһʥγʥأЩֻСʥأⳤŮʻں
ڤҴϹʱ̺󣬲˵ʵһŬ£Ҳύʥأϵ
ĴɢʥԿģǵۼңҲɱڤҵˡ
Ҫǣڤʥ˵ˣʥ˵쵼㣬ݴ½󳬼֮һ
Ҷ񲻻ΣգٻͻȻ
ģӵʵ֮£ǱڤԳ֣£ϾѧԺӣڤ滹Щɵġⳤ簲ο
ٻȴҡҡͷڤξȻʮλ벽ʥȻǲҶڣϧǵ͹Ҷʵû뵽ⳤŮ
ٻȻĵı飬Ů˵һλ۷ȥѧԺڱڤһûзӦֻҪѣֶΣǲµġ
ܹɨԺûô򵥣䵣ȵԱڤҵıɡⳤЦ
ٻҲ֪ҶȻܹΪԺǿӣ϶ô⵽ڤҵĶ֣°˲٣˵ҵи⡭
ŶⳤŮʲɵþȵؿ˹
ⳤ绹ãԼӷǳ˽⣬֪˵ġ
Ůȴûж⣬ϾٻʵΪٻܹʲô취ԷôⳤĵӣֺҶѣҲ
ⳤŮλ벽ʥע£ٻ򶨵˵Ȼ޷ⱱڤңǾ뿪ɣűڤûзӦ֮ǰȶ
ⳤʧҡҡͷ
Ůʳڤҵ̫ˣһܽʥ˵ݴ½ٴҲǵ֮ءܹõԺۼҡ޴Щıӡ
ôأٻͻȻ˵Щ꣬Ҳһ⣬ƺûʥ̤뱱Ǳҵļ磬ǲȥ

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ͽݴ½Ľأ֪Ϊʲôûʥ̤Ϊ̤ȥʥǷʥɱˡⳤЦ
ٻһ˭ôȻʵ˵ǿҲʶѣֻһλ𡣡
ʲôǾ칬صλǰǾ칬ػϣϹʱķʥ£ۼҵλʥҲ⡣ŮЦ
ػϣѵˡͻȻٻ뵽˵ھ칬μսʱһʼλ츳ˡ
Ǿ칬ػϵĻǾͲõˡٻЦ
ѵ㻹ʶ칬ػϲɣŮ̲ס
ٻҡҡͷҲʶʶǿ»֪ҶʵǾ칬̫ʥʥӣֻҪ˵ҶˣػϾԲǵġ
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һֱӶŮǰ
ûлŮܿս֮Уҡɿʼ̣һЩ۹ڹһӺȷŮѾ׷ŮҲʼϷŮˡ
ʱڤѾͨЩ֪ڤ۵Ϣˡ
Ȼ֪ڤ۵ˣȴ֪˭ɱģҶ챻ɵļ
ȵǲϢ֮ⳤѾϵ˱ʥ˲ƵٶȻܿ졣

ħ֮ӣмʱ͵ѧԺˡ
߿֮УһӰ˺ճ
κͬ⡣
κͬСУҶ컺۾ʱ֮뿪С硣
ʵϣҶǰѾˣֻΪȶһΪһǿԪûϳ
ұչأȥˣҶʵ
κͬȴǸܵǰҶѾ˾޴ı仯ΪҶϸܵѹǿң·һʥ
ħ֮ӣѾȥʮˡ
ţҶ˵ͷаԭѾȥʮˣ˵ʱ֮пʮһˣѹмƪڤѾﵽСˡ
˿̷ǳˣһչأмƪڤڴﵽСɾ磬ԪͻƵһµĲΡ
հĻ˵ڵԪѾһʥǿԪˡ
ҶԼҲܹܵԼԭȵԪһ߲ʹâţȴһ߲ʵҺ塣
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Ҷ忰ʥԪҲʥûз֮Ѿǻʵʥˡ
񣬾а֮ӺϷ꣬Ҳܹһսˣ벻䡣Ҷ찵˷ܵ뵽
ʱŸܵԼǿ󣬾а֮ӺϷĲѾǳСˡ
Ҷ֮ǰҲʱ֮һ似Ҳ˵ڵʥµκδڶˡ
ֻҪԪҶˣѵֵסĹԪҶǿߣҲܵӰ졣
Ҫ֪ս֮УһԪܵһ˿Ӱ죬ôܻܿԴ
ҲҶһˡ
ҵڤﵽɾ磬ԪʥôʥǿߣҲ޾ˡҶ찵뵽
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ӴԪһôǾǴǿҶԪ
ڣ˲ƵٶȣһҲʥǿ˲Ʋˡ
ѧԺҶĿ΢΢صؿǰ׳ޱȵѧԺͷ
Щ꣬ѧԺܹԺѹѧԺûеġ
ѧԺԺ˵һҲѧԺ٣ҪǣѧԺ̫ˡ
ΪѧԺԺѾɽ˺ˣû뵽ѧԺԺȻ֡Ҷ찵̾
ѧԺЩѾãһʱԸѧԺ
ݴ½ţԸѧԺѧϰġ
ݴ½ҴӦǵѾ쵽ˣԺȥȥɣҶתκͬ˵ҽʣµħŵҲųˡ
κͬһ㶣漴пϲȻҶ죬Ͼ˼ֵ°¡
뿪Ҷ죬ȥңڣɵӲŲԸء
лħ֮ӣԺʲôԸȱض𣡡κͬһħŵӹذݱҶ졣
Ҷ˰֣ڵʵȻЩħŵӣҲٺħʲôϵ
򷢵κ֮ͬҶֱӳѧԺſڷȥͷųԼǿϢ
ģҶĳӦԼǰ
Ҷ쿪˵
ǿܿɢѧԺҼ˷ȥ
ߣ˲侪ˡ
Ҷ죡
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Ҿ˵ѧԺµģⲻѾˡ
ǿ֮սڴ

ʱһǿߣ˷ۼѧԺ⣬׼ս
˿̣ѧԺҲһƬ䶯ѧԱˣ񵱳ȥѧԺսʱһ
ֻѧԺѧԺѧԱӶö࣬һȥϵ£ȫӰ
ߣҶһǿԪ֮һɿµѹΪģɢȥ
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Ҷ챳˫֣ôֱ̤߽ѧԺ;һ˸ȫ׷ÿһͨ
ǿѹֱͬʥȺУһ벽ʥɫףؿеҶ졣
ѧԺԺʦηȺУ׼̽һҶ죬û뵽Ҷѹôֲ
ղһ˲䣬·һʥ
ѵѾ𾳽磿ܡλѧԺİ벽ʥв²ⲻϣȴ޷ţϾݴ½Ѿܶûеˡ
أʱޣҶգ˵
һѧԺѧԱʦԣǷŭѣҲ̫ˣʱûѵķ
ղҶѾ¶һ֣ЩҲҷֻŭҶ죬æȥ֪ͨѧԺ޵ĵġ
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ҪҲܹﵽһҲ޺ˡ
ҲкܶѧԺѧԱĽͳݵؿеҶ졣
һ˾ѧԺٴУһ˾ǧ˹עһ˳Ϊݴ½ķġ
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ΪɫŮѧԱ׷׳Ÿ߿еҶۣҶһۣǽĿ⿴ѧԺĺ󷽡
һĳХȻѧԺĺ󷽴
δ䣬һӰѾҶĶ档
ǵġ
ʮȥˣڵȥѧԺսĵģʱȻʵǿˡ
ţȻӽˣۼһЩֶΡҶоⱬ䣬˲Ϳ˵ĵʵ
ڵȥѧԺսĵģʱʵǿĿ¡
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ҶڴģҲڴҶ죬ҶԵķǳ˽⣬ĶҶȴ˽⣬ϾҶʱ򣬵Ѿ뿪Ժ
ʱҶ죬ĿʱЩˣû뵽ѧԺһսʧˡ
ϾȻҶȴܹҶϸܵһ˿в
ȻܹΪǿӣҲ壬ԽǿԽˣܴ̼ͻơ
ϧЩʧȥ˼ʮ꣬ҪǵͬһڽԺûʸҵĶ֡Ҷʱ俪ڡ
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ڵԺųԺһˣһѹԺ˶̧ͷʱѧԺսʱҶҲֻһֲһƣʱٶֶ
ģеۼλʥڣҲɱ㡣Ҷƽ˵ǻеĳѾԶ
ĶʱĿһ
ͣ
񽣻գһɿֲľâ·һǱб貵Ĺ⻪Ҷ档
ûмϻս˲䱬
ĳַǳһһƵâҡȻûСҶ죬һֱȫԸǵսѧԺûеġ
ȻҶҲСģ˶һ񵶣նգײһ
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һ̣һǿĽֶĤݣս
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ͻȻһѪе˻ʽȻȻ͵һ𣬻ΪĽɫâɢ֮С

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ԶһҲ޾壬ɣҿǵۼҵֶΣҶûķŭǵ˵
㱻ѪҪû˵ĻǺԸѵһǰ֪ߵغСӡô￴ţҪǶҶ֣ܿݴ½֪ǵۼԴСˡ
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ǿһһġҶ죬һ̣ҲҰҶ쵱һСһĶ֡
ôʤԷ˻ʽԶҡҶ쵭˵
˻ʴ˻ʽɲΪǿʤģΪػ塣
ղţ˻ʽվеĵһʽƽ¡ɱ֮ǵ˻ɱ¾ޣػǿһУԵĻܹʩչ
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ҲԷ˻ʽģһ˻ʽ㣡ؿҶһۣתͷԵ˵ȥҸףһͨˣݴ½۹ģ˻ʴ󰮣ɣء
˵գľͷˡ
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ԶҶҲĿɿڴû뵽ľȻ¶ľģѾغʲôǻۺ츳ˣҪǿ
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ϸĻôа֮ӺϷ궼۷ǿߣѾﵽ𾳽ļˡ
Ҷ֮ǰڵǿߣѧϰڤԪʥԽ˺ڡ
ľڻһ㣬ȻҶĶ֣ﵽ𾳽磬ôҶҪҪһС
Сӣţҵۼض㡣ݺݵصҶһۣһݻ˲ƶȥ
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Ҷüͷһ壬˵ۼҵλʥһһŮӣŮǵģеӦþǵۼҵˣҲǵĵĴ硣
аħػʱҶҲɴ̽ϢõϢȴ١
˵˸ûнԺУݴ½ҲûʲôҥԵսڵԺʱѾʧˡ
һǳص
һЩۼҵӵܣȴԵĵĴǳηǿȵĳݡ
ղŵĵҶ춼пһ˿ԵĴľη飬һλʥϡ
ֻ˵ǸصĴ磬쳣¡
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мƪڤҪﵽɾ磬Ҫʮʱ䣬ʱֻ֮ҪʱˡҶ찵뵽漴̤뿪
ѧԺܵһܣʿܵͣû˸Ҷ졣ǱҶսѧԺʦأҶˣǸ˶
Ҳɢˣһ˷쳣ȻŸղŵһս
ز֮һսϢͻᴫݴ½ˡ
뿪ѧԺ֮Ҷ첢ûм뿪ڸһҿջס¡
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ɣҶ۾ţ˵
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˵ŮʺⳤģҶ¶һ˿֮ɫղսʱ򣬴˴˵ŮʺⳤģҶûм뿪˵ء
ӣŮʺǰԼ뿪Ů֮󣬱ڤҵʮλ̫ϳϱ㴳˻ʹŮʺǰɱʮˣǵЩģص֪˵
ţǾȻɱʮˣѵͲ±ڤҵ˱Ҷһ
ڤҪԸѾ֪ˣ뿪ѧԺʱʥ;ԺѾѹˡ
ӷģٻԣһǰǣѾȫ뵽ȥˣڤҲǰ˵
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ǰ֪ըƳûУҶһ㼱ʵ
ЦǺ˵СӷĺˣһöըϷѾƳˡ
ô죿ȻҶЩѾƳˣɵûЩȡ
Сӱʱ֮漸죬͹ȥʮˡЦ
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ˣöըѾװ߻ˣʱ߻ȥӭУԷǴ⣬ضܵشöըֻܶԸʥµʥﵽʥʥͲһöĿԶԸ˵ˡָԱһ߻˵
㹻ˡҶЩ˵
ѧԺ֮ǰ׼Ӧڤвˣǰ׼а֮뱱ڤһս򲻹ӵ
˰λʦ֮ҶͲòһˣȻʱ֮еķĲѾķѵĲˣʣµĲϣܹƳһöը
öһܵ˵ĹͻԶըʥʥȫһǴʥʥҲҪܴ
ٺ٣ڤ棬㳢ҶЦݣջ
Ҷ뿪ջҡڵ뿪ѧԺ
ںܾ֮ǰڤҾѾǱѧԺˣȵҶʱϢѾطݻȥˡ
ֻû뵽Ҷ͵ĵսô죬ǿҶ뿪ѧԺʱ򣬶Ե÷ǳĽ
ô죿һʱ䡣һڤҵüؿҶıӰ
֪ͨ棡һڤҵ𣬴Сץһͷޣһƽնɱ
ͬʱոսܵҶѧԺϢõıڤУһˡ
ţѧԺϢҶ뿪ѧԺˣôô죿ıڤҳϣɵôʧɫæϢ֪ڤҵļͱڤ档
飬߻䣬ͬһʱģǳ׼ȷԣܶϲַʽϢΪٶ졣Ȼǲɱˣֻɱˡ
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һԵıڤ棬Ҳ֮ɫǶ͹Сˣ϶ﵽ𾳽磬һͳΪ𡭡˵ţĿУ޾ɱ⡣
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գҶæг߻ˣԼǰؿŴӿռѷ߳ıڤ档
ҶڶԱڤ棬Ȼ޷⣬ȴѾûоˡ
ڤҲǵһʱҶ죬ǰСӣڷħʧأΪʥҵЦߡ
Сڤ۾һУ˫ɭȻ
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ʱıڤ棬תضתԼһֻſ޴ĺɫգǲ񷣬ɢſֲѹ
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Сô˰ڤЦһϬĽâǿҶնȥŽͤҲһС
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Ҫ֪һɢޣ츳УҪݴ½ϻãǼǲܵġ
һǧʱ䣬ѪħʥŰ˰벽ʥ磬ȻǺһ𣬴аħأõ澭Ϊʥ
Ϊʥ緢һ£ɢеʥͬôܵЩʥءʥĴѹ
ʱѪħʥף³ΪʥҲҪһɽС
գѡ޴ڣ޴˷ǳϽʥҲҪĿ顣
ʥѪħʥһҪ޴ڣҲ¶˾ģķ˰ʱ䣬޴ڵĿ飬ڼ޴ڡ
־޴ڵһδɵĶǳɫڳΪ޴ڵ̫ϳϡ
ԭˣѹֵ۹Щ޴ڵķ᳤ֻҶǳãʦӡҶ찵뵽ͲµѪħʥ޴йϵû뵽Ѫħʥ޴ڵĵλôߡ
ͽΪʦ޴ڵ̫ϳϣһƼֻҪԸ޴ڣΪʦͨһЩ飬ֱӾͿԳΪ޴ڵһϡѪħʥͻȻ˵
޴ڣ˻᳤֮⣬̫ϳϣдϣԼϡ
϶𾳽ǿߣֻҪﵽʥ磬ԶΪϡ
ҪΪ̫ϳϣҲдʥʵҶ޴ڹ׺ܴС
ʦұϾǾ칬ʥӣҲԼ޴𣿡ҶЩ⶯ʵ
޴ڵĺôԶ׼ģֻҪ޴ڣ޴ɽЩʥغͲˣ޴ΪС
޴ڿɲѧԺ鲼ݴ½ʥǿкܶ࣬ҲǵĴڡ
ңΪ޴ڵĴϣҶʱͨ޴ڣԼҪƷָǶ޷ġ
ʲôϵѪħʥ԰ЦҪǻɱ޴ڲգ칬һĵλǳȻݴ½ûκιϸȫԼ޴ڡңֻҪ㲻˵Ǿ칬ʥӣ˭֪ѵ˸ȥݲɣ
ҶЦˣȥݣǲ
գҶ˵ͷãԸ޴ڡ
ѪħʥԴϲЦã޴´δܿˣʱһʵӦϾͨ޴ڴϵƣھ͸㡣
˵գѪħʥСȡһɫƵݸҶ졣
ɲҪСöƣԴ޴ڵݣϢѪħʥ˵
ϢҶЩȡ
߽𾳽磬ܻһƿռ䷨֮ϹʱзʦƳռģֻҪһƿռ䷨֮ԽϢͨռĴݵһռСѪħʥ˵
ö֮Уں˿ռģŵĻھһ¡
飿Ҷʱʵ
ܼ򵥣ֻҪ֮УƵļ¼ôںʱεأϵˡ˵գѪħʥóһϽɫƣҶĽɫײһ¡
˲䣬Ҷ쿴һ˿ɫĹâһ
ڽ̽УܹʲôѪħʥЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴̽ʱоҰһԳƿռ䣬һһѪħʥӰѪħʥһģһ
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˲Ƴȥٽ̽ƾ֪ˡѪħʥԣֱ˺ѿռ˲ƶȥһӾʧˡ
Ҷ̽ӣӦѪħʥĴڡ
ʦԶˣҶգٶеĽɫ̽
ôΪʦ˵𣿡
ڵĿռ֮УǸѪħʥӰȻޱ飬һ̣ҶȻǸޱѪħʥȻЦ˵ˡ
ʦʦĿϵҶʱϲѡ
ֻҪ㲻Щؾ֮УǶͨöƣʱصϵѪħʥЦ
ҶʱѣǺöʰɲóҪԺ˺ѶһռģǾͲٵ޷ϵˡ
ҶǷʦƳӦÿƳֿռġ
ˣƣʦͽԺʱصϵˡʲôΣգҲͨöƸΪʦΪʦϸϵƬ̣Ѫħʥ˲ƻЦ˵
ʦǸղԶҶ첻ʵ
ղ˲һ£Ӧ۹ôԶɡѪħʥЦ˵ʵõľ⣬ڿռǰκξ붼㡣Щؾռ䣬޷ÿռϵ
Ҷ˷ܵص˵ͷֱж绰̫ˡ
£˼۹·ϣҶ컹֮·Ϣ
ѪħʥЩˣ֮·ɲ򵥣ʱʥǿ߶֮·ûбҪȰ㻹ǵȵʥȥ֮·
漴ѪħʥҶϸ֮·Ϣ
֮·ʵԶʱµһļ֮·ԶʱĻͻˡϹʱ۷ʱ򣬾ִ¿·úŵ
·ϣкܶԶǿµżϹǿµżµżͬЩԶšϹʱǿߣżʱҲ˺ܶΣյĵط
·ǻΣղһ·
ңôĿ·ϵıѾãʣıҪôصΣҪô̫Σˣû˸ȥ̽
ټＸݴ½߰˳ɵʥԿνǿ߱أݴ½ǿ֮ء
Ҫֻ֪а벽ʥʸ֮·ߣҲǰ벽ʥ
ʥ洦ɼʥʥǿߣҲ֡
ʦҲȥ֮·𣿡ҶȻʵ
ȻȥѪħʥЦ˵Ϊʦڴﵽʥȥһ֮·һΪʦʮλʥһȥ̽һǿżȻһˣΪʦҲ˵õһЩҲôʥˡ
Ҷ찵࣬һˣǿɶʥ֮·ϵıҲô׻õġ
츳һʥ磬ٶǴʥʱȥ֮·ȫʹˡһҪס֮·УΣյĵطЩڴʱһҪУΪȥȡѪħʥѵ
Ҷ˵ͷʱȥ֮·˵ʥ磬ҲҪȵԪﵽʥľС


862 ư
Ҷ컹صѪħʥѯһ֮·֪ڷƹȡ
ݴ½ޱߣȻȱһЩ£ƹȣһзƼأǼǴϹʱͿʼ֮··ڣΪߡ
Ƽ廹һİãǾϲŪһЩǿа񵥱Ϊưݴ½ߵȵа񵥡
νķư񣬵ܹƵǿ߶ϰ񣬰ձ˴˵ʵǿŸߵ͡
ңΪƼݴ½֮·ڣݴ½ãгķưǷǳ׼ȷġ
ưɸߵͣΪʥ콾˰񡢶˰ÿֻʮ
νʥȻֻдﵽʥܵȥǳȴʥʥİ񵥡
ʥϵʮʥǶݴ½ǿʥǷʥǿĴڣǰĸǽӽʥˡ
ѪħʥŸոսʥʥʮŲȥ
콾ǾЩˣûҲǸʵģֻһЩϵǿţܵ񵥡
콾ʥҲʵҲǺǿ츳ݴ½ǿˣǹϵеš
ܹ񵥵ˣΪ콾
ѪħʥҶ죬ҶѧԺܵģ¶ʵѾƼ֪ˣҪ˶ãܵ콾񣬳Ϊһ콾ˡ
һЩŵİˣܹϰˣҲ𾳽硣
֮ǰĵģ
ʵҶ첻֪ɨԺ뿪ѧԺʱѾ񣬶еھ
һҶܵģ¶ʵֱӾͿ콾ˡ
ʣµ˰Ͷ˰񣬹˼壬һЩ˺ʹ˵İ񵥡
ȻνĶ˾һЩӯˣ֮ʥҲȫǼаߣȫܵݴ½ߵͨ
˰ϵˣȴһЩרµˣһЩƷƷǳõˣʵǿһ⣬ͬ㡣һƷãһֻͬʱܽ˰
⣬һЩӰоһЩʦʦȵȣƹҪĻ񣬱ݴ½֪
һߣܹϷưǾ
µ˵ֻư񣬵Ƕϵǿ˵һǳŷưŬ
һЩʥҲΪ˽ʥս
ͽ˵ʥ콾ߵȵİ񵥡ʥǷʥʵǿʥ콾Ǵݴ½ǿţǶϣΪʥĴڣܵĹע󡣡
ѪħʥЩĽԺ˵ԼȻǲʥ񣬵ͽȴԽ콾顣
ʦЩ񵥵𣿡Ҷ첻ʵ֪ʥ콾϶Щǿߡ
ȻУһЩʥ޴ںͷƹǺϵԹȻЩѪħʥԣִСȡ屾鶪Ҷ졣
Ҷɨһۣʥ콾
ô񣿲ֶѣôһ񵥻ôļأҶʱȲѡ
֣ѪħʥЦһ£ΪЩֻǰоȥ˰ǵϰ񵥵ˣؼأʲôһЩսļ¼оٵϲʲôˣ¼ȥˡ
ҶޱȺգеʥһʱһƪϢӳ
ʥūʥһ
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ֵ֣
ҶЩȣʥһ֣ɵüȥû뵽һͶʱˡ
ݴ½иǳĵطɽׯݴ½õʦݴ½ϵһЩıǳɽׯ
ɽׯʦ챦ʱ򣬶ѡһЩ˿ءչ˱Щ˱㱻Ϊū
ڱϵʱЩūͻᱻɱ⡣
˵ɽׯǳ̣ǰɽׯ˵ЩūǾѡˣֻǿ⣬ñɹҲֻһֻ۱һֻۡ
һΣɽׯһǿʥʱǸĽūȻûǱסһС
ɽׯǳȣȻѾ⣬Ҳûмնɱūֻǲ֪ǰѱūѪҺ֮ѾΪˡ
ūΪԽԽߣɽׯĵλҲ֮ԽԽߣȢɽׯׯǧ𣬳Ϊһʥ
Ϊû֣ټĽݴ½ǿģǿʥԱΪʥ
˵ūһһ棬ݴ½
ȻȻݴ½ޱߣ治аҶ쿴֮󣬸̾ѡ
ѪħʥƳһۣЦλǰȷһ˵Ѿʥˣֻ֤ʵˡ
ʦ˵ʥܽʥ𣿡Ҷɻ
ʥǰǳ͵Ѿǧûսˣû֪ʵ¶ʥʵȻʥһѪħʥ˵
ôһ˵ҶʱˣʥǰĴڣ˼ǧ꣬˵Ҳ˷ʥ
£Ҷȥ
ʥϵǿߣʥеǿߣҶһʶû˵
жеɢޣһЩǿߣǴ졣
ʥĴڣȴҶЩȣΪǾ칬⹬Ĺ
ֻλ⹬ȴǳ٣ֶûУֻΪ˵ʥǿߣŽʥġ
ҶЩʧ֪칬⹬Ϣء
칬⹬ǳأǶݴ½֮⣬ЩһǳȻǺݴ½˴򽻵Ժ֪ǵϢѪħʥ˵
Ҷ˵ͷó콾ȥ
콾񲻷ľ콾ǲеĴڣǵʵҲǿ츳ǿġ
мҶǳȡ
һϷ磬ӵвѪ꣬
϶ҶһѪʮǿʣôֵܳڶϷ磬϶ǵаħسֵǸϷꡣ
Ҷס֡
޳ʥ֮ӣɽׯһҶ쾪ȵ֡
ʥһǾ콾ɽׯǲ޴ڵĳ
⣬Ҷ쾪ȵǣа֮ӾȻҲ棬һӾͲµϷ磬϶͸¶ȥģƼôô͵֪а֮ӵĴڡ
һϤİ֣˵ϤΪյۣԵۼң˵İΪҶ֪ȴû
ò£˾ǵĵĴ磬ۼҵ
ҶĿһס֣֪һ죬˶ϣϸ˵ļء
˷ǳأҲֻзƼ壬Щ¼


863 ı
ıı֪֣Լ޸ĵġ
˵ϰµһµڶµ
ڵģҪܶ꣬ں֪Ϣ콾棬Ҷ쿴йصһЩϢѾ֮·ãѾʥˣʵʥɲ⡣
ңڴµʥλ֮࣬սޱȻԻ͡
ӵ̻츳ǿĿǰǴʥ磬ȴѾʥʵʥ磬пʥѪħʥص˵
Щ콾һǾţϹšԶʱţǲΪʥգһΪʥôԻʥǿĴڡ
Ҷصص˵ͷĿǰܹģҲҪȵʥС
۹ˣҾ㵽ˣ˵ؿû˸ˡ۹Ѫħʥתͷ˵
ҶһɨǿʥԪ˲Ͱ۹С
ͻȻҶ۾һЦʦͽպҲ۹ȻˣҲǣָһ¡
СӣΪʦȥ̵Ȼʦ㡣ѪħʥʱЦˡ
òҲûн̵ӰɣҶԺٺЦ
ѪħʥʱޱȣֻҶһЩؼûкúָҶ죬ְʦˡ
뵽ѪħʥЦһ£ðɣϷ£ָСɡ
ҶٺһЦһλʥǿָС벻С
ңһλԾͺÿʼˣøͽܴӣڻȡúóɼ
£ҶС̵λãһ˲ƹȥ
Ѫħʥ

Ѫ֮ɭǸһɭ֣ڶ̩࣬ɽԳһΪ
ʱһһ꣬һòϢ
˵СӰ㲻ҪʱҲҪһ£Կ⡭ţรóԡ뵱ʦҴǺʱ򣬿ߵԵӣǻ꿿Ŵһ߳ſ⣬һੲݵ˵
Զһİ꣬ϥڵϣȴѾ붨ˡ
ӲΪȻੲݵ˵ţҲܰýȥѪ֮ɭǺõطʦ·˵أ̩ɽԳһ˲ٺƣҲЩ飬Ҳȥ㣬ȺҲ⡣
ΰ޷Ŀˣ۾Цʦ֣ʦ֮£ѾȺӷˡһ˵Ѿ۾żʮˣǸǶ֡
ȥ裬ֲҪܣʲôӲں˵
Цʦ֣㵱Ѿ˲ٺƣⶫƶҲûôˣαȥ鷳
ʦΪ룬ΪǴʦԼҪȺưӵһۣȻ˵
ƲƲ죬ԼȾƣֵͷϡ

ʱҶѪħʥУ̺꣬Сʦֵܡ
벽ۣţ֮壬ѾѹΪˣô˰벽۾硣Ҷɨһۣοص˵ͷ
ٿСҶʱһ㶣ôż
뿪۹ʱС弶ôȥɫ츳ټսôܲôΪ
Ҷȴûע⵽һԵѪħʥѾСĿ˸žâ
ãããͽ㵱ӣСӶ򵥰ͻȻѪħʥЦ˷֮ɫ
Ҷһ㶣˵ʦ̻˵Ͼ֮塣Сֻɫ꣬ڵΪ־УдΪ
Ѫħʥ԰Ҷһۣߵ츳ȻͲԶˣΪʦСԺĳɾͲ֮¡
ŶҶԲɵþȵؿСдһ˿ɻСֻͨɫ꣬Ϊżס
ȻҶ췢һǾСĸܺʵǳĺʵ
ûĸҶ첻ɵϸСͽȻżȴ·һɽһһɽһǳĻ
ǸΪʦǵһο˻ĸûв´ĻӦӵг֮ġѪħʥЩ˷ܵ˵
֮ģҶɻʵ
Ѫħʥ͵ǻʱ仯ž仯о仰˵úãֻ˼ǻһƱġ˵ڱʮ˹ʱ㣬ڵ𣿡
Ҷ˼ӱʮ˹һ·Ըȷ˺ܶ仯һȻȻĳɳ˭ˡ
֮أҶ첻ʵ
ǻģҲ⣬ӵг֮ĵˣͲı䡣ǵǺԸͬӤһ㴿Ͼʱı䣬Ҳžı䡣Ѫħʥ˵
Ҷ쿴Сȷһμ棬Ѿı˲٣˻ô̰֮⣬ԸѾ˱仯ٱøӳˡСĸоȴͬһμǰ㣬ûһ仯
ӵг֮ĵˣȫһ˻񣬿϶㵱Ľ̵йأ㵱ӦøҪͻƾ磬ͰĽ̵ĸɱ˵ĻʦָҲδػôͰѪħʥ˵
Ҷ˵ͷȷָСģϾʵһЩãû뵽СѸŪ˻
֮ĺôͻʥ񾳽磬ӵг֮ĵˣͻʥļʷǳߣӵʮǿʵŻҪߣ˵ӵδɾ֮ͣ¡ѪħʥЩ˵˵
ҶͽѾϲˣͽϲҪԺȵͽʥǾһʥݴ½Ҫ䶯
뵽Ѫħʥ˵СӷǳŻԾҪʼҾúָǣǽԺҲ١
ʦˡҶЩĲɵ˵ԺУʱڻų֮ĵϢ
ֻ
ұ
ˡ
Ҷ첻˼ԺУЩľҶҴ߳Ȼŵ׹μս
뿪ʮ˹Ǻٵ۹ٵ֮أԺ
Щ꣬ʵǿҶǺԸҲڷ仯
һֳɳǰҶûע⣬ǽѪħʥһ˼
û뵽СôͽıˣҲ֪ǺãǻһԵѪħʥƳһҶ죬вɵð뵽
ı䣬ʥ֪һʡ
Ҫ𾳽ʥ磬ɲֹ֮۷֮ô򵥡
ıһҪĹȽ׶ΣıᷢŴΣһαһο£ֻаĴԽ࣬ʥĻԽ
ܶͻʥʧܵԭ򣬾ûаı䣬һζûаȥ
һΣյḶ́ͬҲһ
ԿҶ״̬ѪħʥʱΧĿռ䣬ʱ򣬲Ҷܵһ˿һĴš


864 ͵
ŵԲķ֮϶۳ַ֮֮ǷǷԳʥǾ˵ˡ
֪ǷļޣʥһֻѾ֮ˡ
뷲˵Ĳ֮֮ͬ⣬ľ
ԣߴﵽʱ᲻ؽı䣬ʵɷ˽
ֻеľһɹʱ۷֮ķ֮
ķܹ֮ʥǳԽ˵ǿܶɹ٣Ϊһλʥ
ң֮ǷغԺļʡ
ʵķ֮ѽ
ݴ½ڵʥ۵ķ֮ʵġѪħʥֻǾı䣬۵ķܹ֮ͬʥ˺һЩĻˡ
ʵϣܹıʥѾǷǳ˲õˡ
ۼҵʥֻǾһı䣬ܹΪʥ󶼿λۼҷʥ
ⳤŮǣһı䶼ûо츳֮⣬Ҳкı䡣
Ϊı֮Ужôǿпʧʧȥҡ
ܶΪı֮ʧȻͻȻ裬߻ħ߱һɱ˲գ۵ħͷеԷΪֱͬһ
ԣһЩ֪ྭıܹʥļʣǻǲҾı䣬Ϊ̫ˡ
һЩɹʥǿűͻԵĻôǾϵı䡣
ЩܹΪʥţı䡣
ȫŴıˣϹʱԶʱУΨˡ
Ѫħʥ֮˵СԺĳɾͲԭı䣬ӵг֮ĵСȫԾŴıκεĸı䡣
츳ȻǶģɫ꣬ټҶİԺΪʥǷǳƽ̹ģҶ컹Ҫס
һΪʥСŴıĻôΪʥļҲǳкܴʳΪ
СӣóˣͷһʮСӣǴ򲻹Ҳߣ˲ơ
ҶıʱкСһŷѪ֮ɭȥ
Ҷڴ˵̩ɽԳĺƣ̶·ҲǳϤʹ̽úƵλڡ
ʦֵȵңСЦҡҡͷֻøȥ
Ҷ뿪۹֮Сһֱսֱﵽ֮󣬲ſʼ۹
ǰ̴Ǻ۹ССȻʶ˵̣Խһϳʦܣֵϣһ
ദСѾ֪ʦֵԸˣĴʦ̰̰ԡ̰桢̰ȡ
Сһֻڱ˵ܶʱǷǳģһЩǿܹĿЩܡ
Сȴһǳϲٿǳġ
ȻһЩӵʵţСĽЩÿһ綼ǳʵ
긴һգС˻ĸ
ʡĵСӣ
֮УѪħʥüҪҶ커ȴ޷뿪ֻܰһ׷ʦֵܡ
СȻ͵֣ʹ̽úƵλãʱСͽһطȴᡣ
֪ӵԸ̰棬һ̺
λʮĺҲˣҪҲһȥεһϾӵԸı䡣
һ죬̳źȥ棬СһЩƣȾܡ
Ȼƿ϶̩ɽԳصģǺܿͱΧˣûкڣ̰벽۵ʵȴӲɱһѪ·ˡ
СӵʵѾȼ統ˣѪħʥһĻɵοѡ
ӵбȼߵʵ̼ȥ˷֮أҲܹǰʮˣڷ֮ػлܹҶһѹȺۡ
֮ĳɾ֮ͣ츳⣬ҪѧԺѧϰľ
˿ǲμԣڴӷ֮ӱܹԺ
ȴҶѧԺѧԺ˺ܳʱ䣬ڼ䣬ԴһЩŵָ㣬Ƕ޷ġ
Ҫ֪ܹѧԺԺţеţ̺ôŴһȻܴ
̫ʥӣҲָ̣Ҳ̫ɽǣȥһЩԺʦָ㣬Ǹ޷Ļ
츳Դʦȵȣʲôȱȼߵʵݴ½һ۷š
СͲˣΪ츳̫ˡ
ӿԵλˣԣעҪɡֻеȵʥһˡѪħʥһС뵽׼úָһͽһЩ·
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ѪħʥԼʥľ磬ָżСǾԹˡ
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Ǻǣϣʵ޴ÿһ۹۶ķֻᶼһöռģԿٴϢڴϺѪħ̫ϳϵĹϵǵķֻᣬҲһռġ˵գλ᳤öռ˳
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λ᳤״ɵзǳˣܹҶλǱ޵ĴϸùϵԺ϶ǰ;
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һλ츳ֻҪôΪʥһģкܴΪʥ
һȣɵҲ֪ҪҲΪʲôһܵϾʹԮˡ
˭
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ߣҵȻ֪˭˵˭ģҶ漴ٶ룬ȵ
ʵҲЩܵ
㡭Ҷ죡Ϊ׵ĺ۰벽ʥԣɵ֮ͫɫ
ĺԣҲɫһ䡣
Ҷɨ֮أŹȥʮ꣬˵ʮҲգ֮ѣȻλµľš
οεĿģҲλйء
ôô뿪ѧԺˣλ۰벽ʥ漴ɻ
ҵˣȻҪ뿪ҶЦ
ҵ㡭۰벽ʥͻȻ뵽֮ǰҶĿֲʵȻ֪Ҷ϶Ѿ𾳽ˣһ𾳽磬Ҫ뿪Ժ
뵽۰벽ʥһ֣ߣ
˵գЩ۲εĺ˶սСУȻ˲ȥҲˡ
Ԫ˧޴ڵĻ᳤ֻܸɵۿţǸֹЩߡ
ߣҶһЦھԵʵǰ˲Ҳ޷ߣ񵱳Ҷô˲ҲӲڤ׷ɱһ
һ벽ʥʥǰߣǼֱһЦ
ͣ
һ˲ƣҶ׷һһȭͽɱˡ
ڶ˲֮ҶٶȺɱһ
ҶʵɱǶɱ
˲֮Ҷ׷λ۰벽ʥˣԷȻǰ벽ʥ˲Ƶľ뻹ǱȲҶ졣
Ҫ֪˲Ƶľǿ˴˵ķ̶ȣԷȻǰ벽ʥҲ˾ŵԲķ֮ѣҶȴѾʮߵԲķ֮
⡭ôܣλ۰벽ʥô׷Ҷ죬ʱ
˵˭ģҶȵ֮ԲɱˣΪ˴ԷϾһİĵ˷ǳ˲ˬɲԺ󾭳˹
ߣ۰벽ʥһҧȻתҶȻҲ֪ԼӲˣ׼ˮһս
ϧھԵʵǰûһ˿ĻᣬҶһžͰ߷ɳȥѪ硣
̫ˡ
ҵޣҶô˫֣ظĺ۰벽ʥĿгɱ⡣
𣡡
ͻȻ䷢ˡ
λ۰벽ʥıȻֻ޴ĳͨɫһëһ㣬˸
ͬʱҲһɫƬŤӱúܳһѪڱúܴ˼ݡ
ת֮䣬һˣͱһֻޣһֻޡ
ޣ񣡽̣
УҶͫһĿеһγ֮ɫ
֪֮ǰΪʲôӶԷϸܵһϤϢˡ
ӱʮ˹ݴ½ô꣬Ҷ춼ˣû뵽ݴ½Ⱥһ
Ҫ֪ڱʮ˹Ȼǿ󣬵ǿҲζѡ
ڳҶǰģȴһ벽ʥ
Զ׼ݴ½̣Զȱʮ˹ǿˡ
ԭȺĵļһ˵ΪʲôҪҶʵ
ȻѾ޻ĺ۰벽ʥѾʧȥԣֱӳҶɱһΣǿˣԺԺʦˣǶİ벽ʥ
ͨ޻תǿȴĥһ˿ԣ˫ɺһƬһֻһֻʣޱߵɱ¾
Ҷ״֪ʲʲôֻѡˡ
ָ
ǿĺɫָâ͸Ҷʳָһ˲貹âе̫Ϊ֮ʧɫ
ûκηأλ޻ĺ۰벽ʥͱԴʧȥϢ
ߣҶץʬ壬һ˲ƣص
ʱԪ˧޴ڵĻ᳤š
Ԫ˧ЩżϾԷһλ벽ʥǵλ޴ڵĻ᳤˵Ҷʵ󣬴Ԫ˧ɵˣͬʱҲżˡ
벽ʥǺǿǿҲǿʥҶȻʥȴʥ
𰡣ôݴ½ϻǵһγ
ţݴ½ָҪ֪콾ϵҲλѣʣµǿյ
ţʲôʱʱǡ
ʱ˿̣Ԫ˧ܵҶǱݴ½ĴڣҲԺΪʥҲ˵
һ뵽żҵĹүһλʥԪ˧ͼͨˣϵżԺҲлΪʥء
ۼҲǿλʥһٳΪʥأһݴ½һң޴ĳɵѡ
䣡
ʱҶˡ
Ǿͷʬ壬ҶУһ̱ǵѪϢʱ
Ҷ죬ôȥɱˣЩأԪ˧һµϵͷʬ壬ɵɻʵ
һʱûаͷʬ֮ǰǺ۰벽ʥϵ
Ҷߵλ۰벽ʥ̵ˣߣ
̣һԵ޴ڻ᳤ԣʱһվ
Ԫ˧һ㶣ܹ޴ڵĻ᳤ôţ϶˲õĴ飬ֻû˵̵š


869 ڰ
ʲộԪ˧ɵʵ
Ҷ޴ڵĻ᳤ڱʮ˹̣Ǿһգݴ½̣͸Ӳˡ
޴ڻ᳤ɫЩѿһǿĺڰݴ½ҲΨԺ޴ڵӵзʥ֪ǵĴڣΪһγֵʱ̫Զˣõݴ½˶ѾǶοµ¡
޴ڼصĹżУϹĩһЩϢʱ򱱺ȫ⣬ϣǺУ˱飬ʥҲ޷Խ˵Ǿ칬һιʩչ޵񹦱
ҲǸʱ̳ˣһǵصĳ֡ݴ½һϵĵ۹ǿƣ˰ް˵Ĺ
һʱ䣬Ժʥأܵ˻Ĺǣݴ½òԿ̣Լ칬⹬İæڻ̡
һս֮ݴ½һ˿ڣʷһѡ
޴ڵĻ᳤һ˵꣬廹ЩȻûоĺڰ£ͨЩµϢҲܲµõһһʱ
Ҷ찵𾪣û뵽̵ͷô󣬼ֱǾ춯ء
̼ݴ½ΪУʵȾ칬Ҫ£治֪ôھ칬Ƥ³ɳġ
ңҶµǸʱ򣬾칬Ҳ̵ܵĹ̵һιҲˡ
ңڱʮ˹ֵҲ֤顣
˻һԵĴԪ˧Ҳˡ
Ϲĩ̫Զˣʥǿ߾ҷӡҲܻôʱ䣬Ҳֻзʥڷӡдôá
ҲΪʲôӵзʥ⣬ݴ½ѾǶκڰˡ
ô˵̩ɽ۹Ѿ̿ˣҶ۾һУϣڱʮ˹̵ôݴ½͸ӻˡ
ôûг֣϶ڰʵʼ϶Ϊʵǿˣ׼Ƕκڰ¡
Ҷ뵽Ԫ˧޴ڵĻ᳤Ҳ뵽ɫЩס껹о칬ǰ浲ס̵ݴ½һ˿ڡ칬ûˣǻεס̣㵲סҲ
ϣ̩ɽ۹̫۾һͷ̩ɽԳڿͷ̩ɽԳ¾̵ǿߡ޴ڵĻ᳤һ˵Ϣ±ϴܲ
ţҶ˵ͷҲҲ֪ͨԺʥˣ̵飬غݴ½
Ȼ޴ھǶκڰ³ģĿģΪ˼ݴ½ҳ̵Ȼ֪ͨԺʥأԼ޴ڵĻ᳤Ц˵
ҶȻû뵽޴ڳĿľȻôȥԺʥءҲû뵽޴ڻᷢչĳ̶Ȱɡ
޴ڵĻ᳤ͨռģϢܲ
ҶҲóԼĿռģϢѪħʥ
һѪħʥϢ㷴ˣи߸ӶţСӺúڽʥ֮ǰ̵飬Щϼһоϡ
Ҷ֪ѪħʥİΣϾ̫ˣԼȻʵֻϡ
ݴ½ǿߣҪʥΣ۷ǿߣǷʥˡ
ҶֻСʥǸո̤ǿߵĲΣԶء
ԴҶҲû⣬Ѫħʥ˵Ҳи߸ӶţЩʥҲס̣ôҲһ
һҶǳɻΪ̵Ҫץ
ߣԷץʵΪҶ졣
̵ʵҪץҶ죬ֱɳʥˣûҪһŮвҶ졣
ԣҶ컹Ǿãʲôڲͬĵط
Ҷ죬̩ɽ۹ͱ̿ˣǹ۹Ҳ۹Ԫ˧˵̵֪Ŀ֮Ѿ۹³ˣ˫ȫһȼϰ
Ҷü۹Ѫħʥ̵飬ʵҲ޷Կǿ̡
Ԫ˧ż̵غݴ½ѾϢܲܲܿ۹ģ޴ڣݴ½κһϣ̷չͼ׳󡣡޴ڵĻ᳤ο
Ԫ˧ɲǰ׳գô飬޴ڿ϶Ҫ飬Ȼݴ½һЩȵǲֺˣ۹Ѿˡ
Ԫ˧Ƕʮ߻ˣÿһǰ벽ʥ㽫Ǵȥʮ߽ۣҶĳ飬ʣµʮ߽սΪһ̩ɽ۹ʥϵǿߣϴǰҶ˵գһ֣ȡʮ߻ˡ
һԵ޴ڻ᳤ʹԪ˧ǳ𾪣ֻ˵ҲֻǵͼĻˣ벽ʥĻˣǻǵһμ
ϣôּĻˣ޴ڵĻ᳤𾪺Ͳ⡣
ѧԺһżҵģҶ˸ѡ
ԭˣ޴ڵĻ᳤ԻȻ˵ϣ֪ܲ޴ڵĴʼˣҲλʥʵһλǿĻʦ벽ʥּĻˣݴ½Ҳֻ˼ҲſƳ
ʦ˲ǷʦƳһǵһ˵ʦƺأҶԣǾȣǺ档
޴ڵĻ᳤Цʦݴ½Ҳֻ޴ڵĴʼһ˵ĲǷʦƵģ޴ڵĴʼǰҲǷʦڷһϵ츳Ǻܸߣƻ˺츳Ծר߻һ·ˣ󲻽Ϊ˷ʥΪǿĻʦ
ԭˣҶ첻ɵöλ޴ڵĴʼЩˡ
˼һԪ˧㰴಻סʮ߻ˣҴҸϻص۶ˡ
޴ڵĻ᳤Ҳȥˡ
̵ĳ֣Ҷоһɰݴ½ӿƽݴ½Ҫӭıˡ
Ҳȫˣ
һڴ֮УҶ˼Ƭ̡
һԷ϶˼ػϣǲʥϵǿˡ
Ƕ̵ķҶ̣ȺˡȺһӦòˣΪ˴ﵽĿģʲô鶼ܸɵó
Ҷ첻ܰð
ֻбʮ˹ȫģҶ۾һУȥʮ˹պҲȥˣһ˴Բ
գҶ쳯סȥ߲̽ʿռ䣬ͨѯһ¹ڻʦϢ
ϰԷǳȣϲ˵ʲôݴ½ڻлʦ
ţôҶоЩԾ
϶϶ֻǸСһǻʦȥô꣬ȻûĳɹˡĹЦο֮ɫ
ֱҶ죬޴ڵĴʼ˺Ͱʶ


870 ʦͽ
ŰĻҶзǳ𾪣Ǻħ桢һʱڵﰡȻʶ޴ڵĴʼˣǴ޴ڵĴʼٻ˼ʮꣿܰ񾳽ǿߣ˭ܻôʱ䣿
Ҫ˵޴ڵĴʼ񣬴ҶҲţΪݴ½ôԻ½֪ΪǿֲϢ޷ء
˵񣬾һλʥֻҪ¶Ϣݴ½߶ܸܵǹǿѹ
ĻǾ͸Ӳ˵ˡ
գҶЩɵ˵ϲɣʶ޴ڵĴʼˣǸʦ
ʱѾƽˣЦϷͽܣϷʦƺСӸġ뵱꣬ϷһͽͽУСӲҵ쵷һЩˡ˵Сڻ츳ǸߣϷҲȲϡ
û׼ǱأλͽܵͽͽءҶɹȻһЦƾͶ϶ˣδ̫Цˡ
ߣһһСǿƵĿռľͿԶ϶ϷͽܣΪַĵַϷģڶܹƳ벽ʥĻˣ֮⣬͸ӲǱˡ¸㣬СеǼʮ߻ʵͽİƷˣϷҲķʱ⣬ŽƳɹϷʦˣ˵ˡ
ôƣҶʱȵ
ѣǲ̾ġˣһǳĺ嫣ǷĴ̫ʱʹڣһѾǰо͸ˣϷҲվǰǵļϣȡɾ͡ǻͽŪƷҪ͸ͲǶʱ԰õˣϷҲֻǿư벽ʥĻˡ
ԭˡ
ҶȻλʦֻƳ벽ʥĻˣô˾͸Ӳˣѹ϶޴ڵĴʼͽܡ
ңͽ˵ҪԼɻˣԼ壬ĳɹˣ򲻿ܻôʱ䡣˵
Ҷ𺳣Լɻˣ壿
Ҳ̫˳Ծˡ
ô˵ʵˣҶ̲סʵ
ҡͷܣ񲻽壬Ԫ񾳽磬壬Ǿ϶ûдﵽ
ҲˣҶ찵뵽ӵ壬ǻǴˣ˺塣
޴ڵĴʼˣǺͳ˻ʽĵۼҷʥһȼĴڣǷʥеĶǿߡ
Ҷ죬ϵͽϷ֪귢ʲô顣˵һȻˣֱЦڻ޷š
ҶڵҲǳ棬뵽޴ڵĴʼˣͿЦ԰ɣϾǷʥƾڵʸ񣬻治һܹϵ
˵գҶȡɫƣϵʦѪħʥ
Ѫħʥ޴ڵ̫ϳϣ޴ڵĴʼˣ϶ܹϵԷ
ţǸϼһʲôʲô𣿡ѪħʥӵҶĴѶʱһ㶡
ϢôʹݹˣҶ찵ͷռǺãҪԺѶһͺˡ԰˰ⶫȻƵģһЩ϶ѣ
ʦһλǰλǰˣȷһ¡Ҷ콫Ϣݹȥ
ЦС֪ϼһ˶𣿻ˣǸػϣҲûϼһʹ󣡡ѪħʥЦ
ҶЦһ£治֪θѪħʥͣ˵͵ͽĽλǰɣʦæϵһ¡
ðɣΪʦԿϼһصĺܣδػ㡣Ѫħʥ˵
Ҷɫơ
ôɵýŵʵ
һ˷ǣ׺ɣڣȴͻȻԼͽܵϢеļ֪
Ҷǳ飬˵ʦϵλǰͲ֪λǰ᲻ˡ
ô˵Ҳһλ콾ͽȻҲôġ˿
ʱҶеɫ͵ɢҫ۵ĹâԶشҶзɳƯУ۳һ߽ɫӰ
һɣ
Сһк¡
ȻȻֹ
ΪǵɫӰȻ˰Ϥݣ·ͬ·˼ʮַ꣬·ա
ʦʦ𣡡
ɫĹӰ͵ز漴âɢȥ¶һݸӣһ˫ɫ˫ʱŵؿǰİ
Сӣ㣡Ҳ̲סû뵽˯ô󣬻ټһλˡ
ʦϤĳƺ֪ǰԼʦΪֻʦ𣬲ŻСӡ
ôΪʦҲϲ𣡡Ц
Ҷûдǣ˳߲ʿռ䡣
ʦͽʱʮ϶кܶ໰˵
ʱҶҲ룬һ죬Ϊӵ޾ôء
޴ڵĴʼһʮȥеѶˡ
һһĿף¶
Ҳ̫šԶšϹЩʧ񣬾Ϊ޷ֹ¶Ż뿪ݴ½İɡҶ뵽
뵽ҶԼӦøϧڵ£ٲԼź
ɨһԿ£Զľҫ£һѼСĵ޽Ż
Ҷ߹ȥŵüһҶ죬ɵߣͷҶĻУٿ
ǺǣҶһЦŻмˣԶӡ
һҹޡ
峿Ҷ컺۾ôǵһ˯Ͼǰ֮жɹ
뵽һҹڣҶ첻ɵÿԼļˣǷ۵˫ۻԼĲӣֱ˶ڻԼĻС
ƺܵҶעӣĽë£СҲ̲ס
Ҷʱ֪װ˯ʵϣ𣬸ͲҪ˯ԷˣֻҪ΢һ£ָܻˡ
£Ҷ콫ԼһŴʹ˹ȥһѸСϡ
ءЩ
Ҷɿ죬ӣ㳯Ľѹȥߺ죬ѩ׵ļһҲúͮͮģҶ죬۾
Ҷٳû̲ס۾һÿҶĿ⡣
ѾһӣϣҲһӣҶ˵漴ӳѹ
ߵص˵ͷ漴Ҷ죬Ϣš
ʦͽʮټҶĸдܴ֪ʱһת۾͹ȥˣֲʼߡ
Ψһİ취ºӣٹµ
Ҷ첻֪뷨Ѿ죬һ嶯ˡ


871 ս
һ֮ҶһǣȻͽӵĴѶˡ
ȵҶٴν߲ʿռʱ򣬷λ޴ڵĴʼѾ뿪ˣֻһЦݵİվ
ϲʦͽžۣҶЦǺǵ֪飬ôȥˣټˣϲ޷
ЦЦҶĿҲ˸мҪҶ죬֪²ء
ǰ֪귢ʲô𣿡Ҷ漴ʵ
䣬Ϲʱ׷ʲôأҶ˵ǿ϶Ǽٵġ
Գͽ˵һļ䱻˸ˡ
䣿һ죿ҶȻ
Ǿһ죡һ쵽׷ʲô飬ûһ֪˵ļ䣬ȫˡڶٺ󣬾칬ʹϢͬʱʮλ䡣
ʲôҶ𾪣֪û뵽һ컹ʮλ䣬⵽Ƿʲô顣
ʱֻʮλһ֮䣬ڣеϵǿ߶ˣһ췢ʲô飬˵ļ䶼һƬհסһ챻Ϊա
գ
Ϲʱϵǿߣһ䡣
˭ֲֿʵǣ

ܣʵݴ½̵ˡ
Ҷ첻뵽̫ʱǾλ˻ʣԶʱľλǵʧˣˡ
һеֵ˭أ
Ҷ췢ԼԽӽ𰸣Խеģܸʸ̽ġ
Ҷ죬úɣݴ½ϷԽԽ͸ˣҲΪ񣬲ŻһСҡͷ̾
Ϲʱôǿ߶䣬ܸʲôֻѡ̾Ϣˡ
Ҷ˵ͷֻʵǿˣһС
˳߲ʿռ䣬Ҷʰ׼ǰʮ˹Ϲܼң͸ʮ߻˵ĿȨϹܼңΪսĵơ
׼һкҶʹ޴ڵһһǺ
պ޴ҲҪһȥҶ쵹ҲŸ·ʹ˳紬ˣҿ˳ˡ
֪ΪʲôԽǿߣԽصơ
ԵһξûˣҶ춼ЩĿɿڴһΣŬ£ȴѹûһ㶯
Ҷ첻Щʧ
޴ڵƣڻҵǺҲû˸Ͽ޴ڵĴЩǶһˡ
ҶһˣܿǺ
ڴڼ䣬˺⣬ҶҲʱ֮
ҶǼмƪڤȡͻƵɾ磬ʥԪˡ
ʱ֮ʮ֮£ټҶһЩҩĵر֧֣츳ͨǽٶҲǳֲ
һһλ̶ʮʱ䣬ʹһһˣŹȥһʱ䡣
ٶҲܸˣҲ֪ΪԽߣԽҶ¾Խˡ
ҶĽҲܴԪǿˣ֮ǰǿһ֮ࡣ
޴ڵĻǵͣһ£һЩ﷢ǵ޴ڷֻᡣҶ컹ǵķ᳤ֻϧһɨ֮£ȴѾˣϵ
Уʼǰ
죬쿴ö׵أָŲԶһС
һ׵ֵС
ҶȥʱЦˣⲻ׵
ǣҶͽ˵þ۾񣬲ʱЦ
׵ҲͲԶˡ
˵ŵĵʥȻжµһ˿ô쵶ź͵صŵĵʥ϶Ҳµһ˿Ҷ찵
ľ̫ͣ˵ķڻ֪
һʥϵǿߣߡ
쵶ӡѾѧˣôȥصſ˵ӡһҶһ˿ڴ
ڽҶʱ֮Լ˲ǰصš
ӴҶǿֲ֮£ȴÿһɼ
Ҷ֮䣬˵صŵܲ
صŵĺΰһ㲻˵֮£Ǵ˿ȴһҲ벻Ҷ۾
ݴ½ﻹ̫ˡҶҡͷֻ̾ȥݴ½ŻʲôĻԻ͡
ûж룬Ҷһɨܿͷ˵ʥһ˲ƾͽȥˡ
ףղһһˣôͻȻ֮ͲˣԶһصŵĵԼ۾Ŀɿڴ˵
ԱһҡͷЦģǼ˰ɣ˻ͻȻΪ𰡣Ҳֻһ𼶱ǿߡ
˭˵ʾûˣǸŮսʵһ㲻֮£˵ʶĶ֮֡ǰǸصŵ˵
˵ǸŮսȥ֮󣬾Ҳûлˡ

صŵĵʥء
صŵĳڵʥ⿴أȴûзѾ뵶ʥˣû취˭뵽ֱ˲ƽˡ
صŵҲֻа벽𼶱ܷҶ졣
ǰϤĵʥҶ̽ӶȥһͷųԼռŶܹܵõ
ȻҶռͷŵһ˲䣬һǿĵӵʥϱ漴һ˿ڰ۶ɣǶ衣
ǰּˣҶ쿴ŶЦʵϣҲȷĲǲԼ
𾪵ؿҶ죬Щŵ˵㾹Ȼռ
ңҶ˵ͷ
ʦ˵ǵһһֱоһֻڴ˵еĵռû뵽ȻˣǺǣʦǿ㣬Ҳοˡ̾
ܹռ˵һĵڣҶ˵
û뵽̶̼ʮ꣬㲻ΪѧԺӣ˳ɾͣҵϹȻûݴ½ĻԻʱҪˡĿ˸
Իʱ
ҶüͷһǰڵʲôطУ̵֪𣿡
̣ԣⱬ䣬ֳ𣿿ϧԶڱսֻЩݴ½ķʥֵˣһ֪ͨսʥ
ǰսʲôط̵ʲôҶ̲סʵ
Ҷһۣ˵ν̣ʵǰˣǺݴ½һߣԭͲݴ½顣սǽݴ½ĵطǽ
Ҷ찵࣬Щһﶼ˰ѹݴ½ΪУҪݴ½
ǰսкܶʥЩʥҷӡôԾ֣Ҷʵ
ڱսķʥǺһʱŵģҷӡʥҲսǵʹһжΪݴ½˵
ΪεۼҵķʥûȥҶʵ
˵ǵɣѾˣݴ½һ߷ͶӰ˵
Ҷо֮ǰһЩ֪ܶҿˡ


872 ڰ
ս
ԭʱķʥȥսֵǿˣѹݴ½ûЩʥϢ
ҶûмʣҲû˵ˣֻǽصӡҶ죬һܸ١
ӡܸ٣ҳԽʦһ似Ȼ޵񹦣ʩչǿ޵񹦡˵
Ҷ˵ͷһǳ⡣
޵Ǻǿ󣬵вʩչǿʥǿߣǷʥҲܰ޵񹦵ȫʩչ
似Ȼ޵񹦣ȴԼģǳʺȫԷӳǿ
ʱʺԼ似õġ
ǿ似δõġ
ҶʵҲ֪һ㣬Ҫ似ҪǿʵҪḻľԼ־飬봴ܴġ
Ҷ˵ԼҲ޵񹦣õ򣬲ŴԼ似
ֻҶڻûߵһ
ûȥˣҶһ̾ŵʥ˰ݣ˶ʱʧ
뿪ص֮Ҷ첢ûȥ쵶ţΪ֪ģѾ֪ˣӡҲõˣûҪȥһˡ
ֱӼ˲ƣϿա
Ϊ𾳽ǿߣҶϿյʱ˲͸Ӧˣɵһæ˲Ƴ
ʣҶЦſǰϤӰ
Ҷ죡ʱǸ֪ǿ߸ҿʮ˹أû뵽ȻҶ죬ɵôһ
ʱҶҲ֪ʵΪˣһλ۷츳ⱲҲֹֻԲ𾳽ˡ
ѾѧԺҵˣλ翴Ҷ˵
ʵ˵ͷҶɲΪ֪Ҷ϶ǴѧԺҵˣ⻹Щ𾪣ŹȥʮꣿҶ쾹ȻѾߵһֱ
ػ˵ˣһ˾칬˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ҳȥһ˾칬˵칬еı͵ҲҪȥһˡ
뵽ӣҶ첻ɵ뵽ã۹һ·ûзõ٣Щ档
£Ҷʵʣ֪Ƿ񿴵һλһʥװŮӣ
Ŷ˵λŮսǰɣػ˵ӣھڱʮ˹ǳ˳顣
ΪػϵĹϵ˵ʥˣ𾳽ߣҲҿʮ˹һ޵С
ǴúֱײҪ뱱ʮ˹Ȼȥۡһû뵽˱һ٣һӢˡ
ٹؼʱ̣ʽӵػϵĴ֪õݣæ˵ԼʶҶ죬ŰλŮ͵ʮ˹ȥˡ
лˡҶ챧˱ȭ֪õϢ׼칬ˡ
֮ǰҶһЩĶЩɲǱܹӵеģֵʿЦҲ⵱ñһˡ
칬
Ҷǰ˵칬һνڽĵطǳء
ҶڵΪ磬ȴ֪칬ǴһС֮УСܾܿľµС硣
ʱҶһɨ͸Ӧ˾칬ڡ
ػҲҪأûĸ֪ĸҰҶһ˲ƾͽȥˡ
칬ںѧԺԺǳƣǿգѧԺ׳ۡΰֱͬǿ֮һ
Ҷ죡һϤĲ
Ҷתͷȥʱһž޴̫ͼվһλ׷ߣݲϣ˫ӣȴǿջҪ嫣µĳ衣
ػϣҶ칧һǰ֪˵ݣ֪ˣȻ
һϢҪ㣡ػֱӿ˵ΪԪ࣬˵Ƿǳʡʱ䡣
ʲôϢҶһ㶡
㱻̫ʥʥˡػЦ˵
ҶȻȻЩȣҲûжٲˬϾڵΪҲںʲôʥӵĳƺš
Ҳ֪ӵ̫ʥ壬̫ʥĹأӵ̫ʥˣֱӽΪʥӡػϽ͵
ҶȻԼλǱ˰ô죿ѵܴӶ
ػЦݵӣȻڿЦҶĻ
Ȼػϼ˵ȻܳΪ̫ʥʥӣڵ츳ҲԳΪʥӣ˺ʥѾʥ֮⣬ѡһ
ѡʥҶ붼û˵
ʥĹʥӣһɱ¾ǿߣɱأ޵ĳƺš
Ҷľɱ¾ȻҪѡʥ
ػҲ֪ҶҲϵҶѡ񣬵˵Ҵȥʥ
ҶԵ˵ͷһԾ̫ͼػǿ֮С
ѧԺԺԵúܰȻǿ֮еźΰĽȴûһӰ·һƬ
ƺҶı飬ػ̾ϢϹʱɲôľ칬ӡ棬ݴ½ǰʥߣֵľ󣬱ԺĻҪ׳ۡ
ҶĬʱ칬ݴ½Ψһһλ򣬾£ڵʲôԺԿġ
ϧԵĴʱ
ϣݴ½ֿˣƺжˡҶͻȻ˵
ػɫȻص˵ͷһȺѣʲôˣ⡣
ҶЩ𾪣Ϊػ϶̺ӣû뵽ȻһҲѵ칬û䲻Ϊ
ˣػϣ޴ڵĴʼ˵յ飬֪굽׷ʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
գػɫ˱䣬Ҷ죬ԥƬ̣˵˵ļ䶼ˣ֪ҲޣֻǴһػ˽⵽һЩ
Ҷţݴ½Ҳ֪ػ֪귢ʲôˡ
Ҷ죬Ӧ֪޾ɣ޷󣬵֪̫ʱԶʱϵǿأң̫֮ǰкʱʱʱǿأػ˵
һҶҲǳ档
ػɫΪݴ½һУһֱҪռݴ½ʱ翪ʼˣʱͺʱǿشˣ˯̫ʱʱȻˣȴûлָʵԱͨսݴ½ʱݴ½ûҲھλ˻ʵĴ£űס˼԰
Ҷ𾪣û뵽ţʲôһУȻʱͿʼռݴ½ݴ½һʱһʱǿߣûнɱ
Գƺڰ񣡡ػϳ˵
Ҷ͵Ȼ֮еĺɫ
ѵǸħԵǺڰ


873 ħ
û뵽ݴ½ĴУ
Ҷɫص˵
ݴ½ʱǿ߶޷ĵˣǸжô£ѹֶԷ˵ħֻһӶѡ
̫ʱľλ˻ʣԼԶʱľλǶΪشڰġգ˵ҲǾڰѣʵûлָ٣ƴһսġػ˵
ҶΪʲôգЩǿ߶Ϊشڰģʲôɵüѯػϡ
ػ˵ڰмǿ£һǰˣԳ񣬾̡
һսûڰٴѣΣҶ첻ɵõĵһ¾ôֲǺڰöôǿ󣬾ǳԽĴڡ
ǺǣǾֻܿһˡػЦ˵ؿҶ졣
ҶЦˣһڶûе̸ζԿǿĺڰ
ģڰûôѣǻʱ䣬һʱĻԻͼ٣ܿͻˡػ˵
ҶЩüһҲ⣬Ͼ𶼱ô࣬ٶȥҲֻֻúڰ˯
ֻҪһ첻ڰݴ½һֱܵвҶЩȸУħвɴöˡ
ˣػϣҵ֮ءҶ콫ڷ֮غħ˵ǶɫЩһֱĲ
ػһʼ⣬ֱɫɫʱˡ
ħ֣ػһָҶüģò˻ɫޱѿ
ⶫʲôΣ𣿡Ҷ켱ʵ
ħһΪȼ𣬱źڰ˯֮ʱ׽һݡϧ̫߹Լʵˣڰܣħ֣Ƕɫ
Ҷһ˵ڵħ棬ֻǱڰٿصĿܡ
ͻȻħˣǲħ档
ΪˣŻϹλӡħڽһı䣬ֻҪܹɹɻٵħִ֣ҲǾݴ½һϣɡػϵͷ˵
ı䣿ʥı䣿Ҷ쾪Ȳѣ֮ǰйһı䣬ȻҲı顣
ػ˵ʥһҪɾŴı䣬ħ˰˴ı䣬׼ھŴıʱ򣬾ҵ˵δһ٣һıɸһ
ȻԿδҶˣɲΪֹħ滹ʣһıĻᣬĻⱲӶҪڰٿأ޷
ɣػϴų֮ɫ
ػϣʲôı䣬Ϊʲôᷢı䣿Ҷ첻ɵѯʵ
ıʵһһֻֽı顣ɾŴı䣬ȱֻˣܹлΪħֻҪһı䣬Ͼܽ𾳽硣ػ˵
Ҷ԰һҪŴıȫɡ
ħһֱǸвҶ찵
ػҲ˼İ취ЩҡͷɵȻħ㻻ѪҪ֪ѪҺǿģɱ˵ѪֻסǱҪ֪ħڶ㻻ѪԶ볬Խ
Ҷɫʱ֪ô࣬ͱ֮Իˡ
ħֲŸ£һǺڰħ֮µģȲϺڰ¡Ҳ˵ҪԿĲǺڰ񣬶ǱڰƵħ档ҪǺڰµģҲãֻħµģһϣػ˵
Ҷʱϲæ⡣
ħܹڣԭԴѪҺ֮յΪЩħѪһġҪٵħֻ֣취һ־ǿлٵ־Ȳħ棬ʤ㡣ڶ취ٸ㻻һѪǻԼѪҺԺŻǰ;ػϳ˼Ƭ˵
ҵѪҺѾħˣңҶʵȻѪЩʹ࣬Ϊ˰ħ֣Ըپһʹࡣ
Ǻǣ嶼Ǹĸģ˵ѪҺˡػЦ
Ҷ۾ʱһ԰ŮѪҺԴԸĸûѪ
ͨ㣬Ҷʱ˿
ˣǰǾʥˣҾ͵ԼȥɡػȻָǰһΰĵ˵
̫ʥһ㶼ѷɫǰɫǽ壬·ȾѪҺɱ֮˸оһ䡣
˵ɱȻŨ񣡡Ҷʥľ
ʥȻûһˣȴȻޱȵѹΧĽԿóϹʱʱжô֡
û뵽ػһλ콾˰˵Բɱ¾֮ţʥˡһߴѪɫܾ˺ȻҶǰƺߵǳ
Ҷ첻ɵþֻһ𼶱ĿܣȲӵеİ벽ʥĻˣȻԿ͸Ϊ֪˰˵Բķ֮
ˣþȣʥһһж֮̽ΣղҵġѪɫƺ֪Ҷ룬Ц
ҶȻԭˣѹָղһֱ˿ĸоԭǰѪɫܣ顣
û뵽ʥȻһ˵˴ʥҲˣǾżǾ𣬻Ǵֱʡ
Ҷ찵ࡣ
ɣӽ쿪ʼʥʥˣʥ󣬱ԳΪʥĹִʥһСѪɫһ˵ţһǰ·Ҷ
߹ܳȣ·޴Ķ䳡ǧŰپʮŲĽݣҶʥ
̫ʥһʥҲڷһĵ񣬲û̫ʥôࡣ
Ҷһһݹ
ǡս׹ġ澭ǿˣӽԺ󣬸Ź⻹һʥ޵񹦣ѪɫܶҶһ飬ǰ·
澭ã
ҶԶʱ۾һʥĹʺɱ¾򣬵֮ʵͻǿˡ
뵽ʥ޵񹦣Ҷæȥ
ʥ֮УȻһͨҶѪɫֱһƬڰ硣
ޱȣаħصľԨҪڰҶԵѪɫܣֻȥ̽ӡ
޾ڰǵһʥС硣Ѫɫ˵꣬͹صͷûм˵
Ҷ첻ɵЩɻ󣬲׼֮ʱһɫӰͻȻǰԶɵģģ
ݼѪɫܹؿڡ
ʥˡӰһ̾Ϣ·£˸еһ˿
ûҶ쿪˵Ӱ㻯ΪһâҶڣ֮һӴļ䡣
ʥ޵񹦣ֻܴʥһˣһһ޵񹦽ʮ˲ħϣܹٴݴ½һɣֱҶԺ


874 ѡ
޾ڰҶ۾ںϸղǹӴļ䣬һĸоǿ޵񹦣ɵѧˡ
۾Ҷдһ˿ϲʮ˲̫ǿˣȾŶҪǿ󣬱޵ҲҪǿ󣬷ǳӽ칦ˡ
Ҫ֪޵ҲֲεģϾͨ޵񹦿϶ȲϷʥ޵񹦡
ʮ˲ǿ󣬾ͿԿóʥһжôǿˡ
ʮ˲Ѿѧ޵ˡҶ찵뵽
޵񹦷ֱǾŶָħմӡʮ˲
õֻأ޵Ϊһ壬ܸжôǿ
Ҷ첻ɵ뵽˵а֮ʩչ٣ֻصŹ칦ǿˡ
úػ̸̸ˡҶ˵ţ˳޾ڰ
ѪɫܹضҶһ֮ǰûеģȻѧ޵񹦵Ҷ죬Ѿʥʥˡ
ҿ뿪𣿡Ҷʵ
ʥӣûѡսףչ涨ѡװƿҩԼַġѪɫܹ˵
Ҷ첻ɵһϲΪʥʥӣȵΪ̫ʥʥǿˡ
Ҳԣֻ̫ʥԤʥӣڵΪųƵһʥӡ
칬ΪϹʱǿɣʥȻ˲ЩҲӦõġ
ѪɫһʥѡʱҶͰ˫죬ԴѪˡ
⡭ЩʥҶ쾪ˣĲʵʥģ壬֪Ѫɫܲƭġ
ȻҾ칬ʥӣȻҪʥҽѡһʥһʥټһʥѪɫ˵
Ҷ˵ͷѪɫ˵ĺܶæʮѵȥϹʱĴɣһʥмټʥҶۻҡ
ʮֵҶȻ۾һһѾ޴ʮսͨ尵ɫɢŨѪϢһ۾Ϳ
Ѫɫ޵ʥ֮һҪǻϹʱʥɲֹһλʥӣʱѡѵңѵսһ׵ģҽսҲѡϡ
˵գѪɫ֪ͨ飬ǰʮֵʱƾճҶǰ
壬ʮֵֺһɿֲɱϯҶʵⲻöݡ
õҶ˲ϲˣɫĵʱҵѪ⣬ѳµıƺҲͲסįʼ˷ܲˡ
ã˴˵ʵǿһʮֵǿҶ־ϲ
û취Ƕʥڵݴ½Ѫħʥûôõʥ˵Щͨʥˡ
һѵҶ죬ʵȻǿ
漴ҶǶʥҵѪɫ˵սףսҲǰɫȷʮֵһ׵ģҷҲǶġ
Ҷ쵱û˿ԥѡսס
һһʥҶʵһӾǿ࣬а֮ӺϷһսҲаձֲˡ
Ȼа֮ӶǼµľħǶ֣Ϸ걳´γ֣Ҳǿ֡
Ҷϲˡ
һʥѡаġѪɫ˵
Ҷ˵ͷɨǶѸʥЩǷʥȻһЩǿķʦƵģϹʱģڿûʥ
ʱ֮ݽһ룬Źȥһ졣ѪɫָһʥҶܵ
ҶƲƲ죬ⶫʱ֮ͲʮǧˣȻмһˡ
ۣԹ㿴Զľ󣬼ʮ̽ӷΧѪɫٶƼһʥ
ҶȤˣɵϸȥһξ壬ķģǳϡ
Ҫ֪ҶڵԪѾǳǿˣ̽ӷΧҲǳзԲһȫһĵ۹ˡ
ʹ֮ǾͿʮ൱ڴʥ̽ӷΧˡ
ãҾѡҶ˵
ȻԼ󣬵Щʱܹ࿴һЩطԼҲкô
ܿͽˡ
ѪɫЦʵⶫһôǾǿ谭̽ӣϢͬʮĲࡣ
ô˵ڵԪôʥǿ߶ֲˡҶʱϲҪ±ڤ׷ɱˡ
ѪɫЦȻƼʥûһãϾڵݴ½ͬɲʥΨһһʥ档
ʥҶֻҪʥϵǿߣԺݴ½ˡ
ʥϵǿߣݴ½Ҳǳϡ٣Ҵ󲿷ֲڱչ֮·͸ؾ̽ҶҪԼİΣˡ
ǵҩˡѪɫЦ˵Ҷǰһء
ҶʱЩ˷ˣҩɲͬȫΪʵǲ֪ʥûĵҩˡ
ϾҶڵʵǳǿͨĵҩѾûˡ
ҩҽѡһֱģһʵģһָֻƵġѪɫܼػʥ꣬ȻôѡҶкô
Ҷ˵ͷҲ㣬ԷǳѪɫܵƼ
Ǿת𵤣һƿſţԻָԴ֮Ѫɫָһֵҩ˵ո˵꣬Ҷͺˡ
ʥǿ˵ǵ弸ǲ֮ÿһλָ壬ҪķѱԴ֮ұԴ֮Ҫʱָܻ
ⵤҩָܻԴκʥ񣬷ʥҲӰ
ûж룬Ҷѡƿҩ
ʵ֣һԪһһ򡣡ѪɫܿҶѡת𵤣ܵ
Ԫһƿʮŵҩһ³һţһ֮ھԪʥѪɫ˵
Ҷҡҡͷʱ֮мƪڤҪֵҩ
Ѫɫܼ״ܵǾת嵤֮ȼʥҹòˡ
ҶЦЦѾȼʥˣﻹҪֵҩ
ֵҩһξѪƳģػϰæѪӦҪİɡѪɫЦ
Ҷʱ۾һڰ˲ľתս壬ҪıһѪݴ½Ҳģû뵽ҵ
ȱžٿֵҩǻ鵤ŵԲķ֮󣬳ȥǰģһ۷֮ӴʥĻᡣѪɫָһֵҩ˵
ҶٴζݣΪ۷֮ʧܲŲܽʥģҪܹǰģһ۷֮Ǿ͵ڶһλᣬǽʥļһ밡
Ҷջѡǿžת嵤ǵѪҪ


875 
ѡת嵤Ҷѻ鵤Ҳѡˣֵҩˡ
ҶѪɫȥѡġ
ڷģҶһϲͨˣһ߿Щĵƣһ߹ͨڵİѯ
칬ķģвϷƵģö֮һʹ֮ͬ壬ǹǷٶȣȫǿʮʱһ졣Ц˵
ҶʱˣûϾȥ
ڰλʦָ£Ҷĵôѡַġ
ҪöܷͨҶָö˵
ѪɫЩȵû뵽СӾȻôͨģѡַģҶû뵽
ҶЦЦСڿһλʦָ㣬Ȼѡ
֮ǰѾˣͨǿߵʮʱһꡣ
Ҷʱ֮ȫʹͨȻٽʱ֮ͿԳʮʱˡ
ʮ֮ڣǿʮҶһԲɱ¾ˡ
ܷһöͷģʹ֮󣬿һƬܣǳֲԵֵʥһιֱǻļƷ
ջǷ񰡣ϹʱĵһɣֱʾǴ󰡣
ѪɫܵĿ֮£ҶЦݵ߳ʥҲû뵽ջô
ȴһżջҪˡ
ջС޴̫ͼϣȻվػϣȻ
ػϣҪ鷳һ飡Ҷ쵱ת嵤ȡ˳
ҪѪ𣿹㻹ɵڰ˲ľתս壬ܺãػ϶ʱҶ˼һ֣һƿſžת嵤㳯ȥ
ҶĿ£ػſžת嵤Ϊһ壬һҩȫʱһɻϯ
Ҷæ֣Щҩɲ˷ѣһȫʱо巢ȣǿ˲١
ʱػѾǵѪˣɫѪҺе̫Ҫҫ۶ĿɢɵĽɫâ̵۾
ǿѪҺҶޱȣʥʵЩܲסѪҺ֮ǿֱ
תսڰ˲㲻ڿģֻеȵʥ֮󣬲ܲסξѪػ˵漴ȡһУξѪӡУݸҶ졣
Ҷæͷ⾫ѪôֲڿںϵģҪڰ˲ľתս壬ɲֹһѪˣҪֱһǼƷ
ֻ˵ѪҪѵõģĲȻҲ󣬵ݴ½ҵõ
ҽʥʱ򣬲ҲԼЩˡҶ찵뵽
߰ɣػһ֣Ҷ̫ͼ뿪ʥ
ػϣ֮ǰõһף˵칬п飬֪ǲģҶ콫ȡ˳ڴؿػϡ
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ͬҶ֮УʡεǿߣＸռ˱ʮ˹һ۷ǿˡ
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Ҫ֪Ҷһ·ǰݴ½Ҳɱ˲ˣõ˲ͱЩͼۣȴҲûж׼Ҷҵߣóûǡ
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һϣҶ춼ûϢֻλСźֱ۵ڴϡ

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ˣʲôҲ˼룿ΪʲôҪҶԶʱʵ
Ҫ˵磬Ϊ֣һȻ棬ҲǵڵǸ棬һֱݴ½ڵ棬档߲ι˵
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Ȼܹ棬˻ҶԵһҪôǿʲôʲô񣬸һȣֱ϶硣
Ҹղ˵ˣ֮棬ȻҲˡһЩǿĴڣɲԸԼ˱ƿأȻҲͲģҪһѳȥЩ˱֮ΪߣңҲ㣬һߡ߲ι˵
ߣҶ찵ľû뵽ԼǰһôֲĴڡ
ϻܹҪˣӳ֮ƿأȻߣһǿߡ
βܳѣҶʵϾԵ֮ɲǺڰ񣬶֮
䴫˵һͬʱƿʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ʱ򣬾ӵս˷ʸˡ꣬ҿռ䷨Բʱ䷨ҲﵽСɾ磬Ȼʵǿ࣬Ҳǵ֮ĹעҶ϶ֻҪַܹԲ磬ôս֮ˡ߲ι˵գ˳ҶһҶΪһ塣
һ˲䣬Ҷ˶ĿɫâþӨ͸ˡ


879 ռ֮
߲ιںϣҶоԼ궼һΣԪҲ࣬ﵽʥ۷ĵز
֮⣬Ҫǣڵһƿռ䷨һӱһٱֹȻûдﵽСɾ磬֮ǰԶԶǿˡ
ӵǿĿռ䷨ݴ½ҲΨһˣˣҲûֲĿռ䷨
˿̣߲ιںûֹͣȻڡ
ţҵħѪȻҶ췢ԼħѪһ˿˿ˣһɫѪҺ֮ӿֳ֮¡
ûħѪ֧ԮǶɫʱѣ洫һֺͲŵ
ǿĿռ㡭㵽˭ħԵԵþŭӡ
Ȼû˻شҶʱ˵ֻؿɫɫ׽ɱдħŭĺ
СӣҲŹģ
ħԣҶгһû뵽˰
ԼڵɫѪҺ֪ΪʲôҶоѪҺԼͰ䣬ûһ˿ִ
ҵѪҺ˿ռҶ찵뵽
ʱԼһ仯Ǿۣԭڵ˿Ҳɫ
ΪǣҶ쿴һһʱ䡣
⡭ǿռ֮Ҷʱ𾪡
ɫ֮УԿռ䣬ܹһֱݴ½κοռҲֵס
ÿֲ󷨣ͻȻҶ쿴գݴ½֮ռ䣬һ޴󷨣ݴ½Χ
ҶȴԿ͸޴󷨣濴ȥʱһ޼ʵ޴ӳ
޾޴һߴİˣöѻɽ棬ЦضŰΧסݴ½ľ޴󷨡
Ҷ쵹һԼȻ͸˵ľ磬ߣʥޣ̫ˣ͸ǿޡ
ʱƺӦҶ
ʱ˫ɺ۾棬ҶӦһɱ¾Ϣ˵궼·һӱˡ
ۣҶһѪɫʱҰףҲҹͨռ֮ˡ
ղŵһĻĻҲ˲ӿͷޱȡ
û뵽ݴ½滹ôޣҿ赲һݴ½ֵסҶг˺Ȼ
û뵽ݴ½ľôأҪδ֪ػݴ½ͱˡ
ңοֻǱɽһǣϾĿռ֮û취֧ȥ
ˣҶûв´ĻӦþʹ̵ǿڣǺڰµһԱ󽫡
͵һλ͸ݴ½ڿԶԸ˵ģ˵Ǹǿĺڰˡ
ôҲûãǺúʵΪҶеһ˿ȣǰ֪ݴ½ΣԲ⣬֪ΣжôֲѹЩµķʥһȥսƴȻҲ֪ݴ½Σжô¡
ǰ˵ĳ棬Ҷ˵ֱ̫ңԶˡ
οҶѲֵһᡣ
˼֮棬ȻʸƿˣͺҶ촴ԼС磬ȻӵСȨ˼Ҹûʲô
ȻǰЩǣԼ˱ƿأΪɶƴҲûд
ֻ˫ͬѡ
ڳѣĿǰ˵Ҷû㡣
֮߸ϣƿԼΣֻҪԼֵ͵˼һܹעԼ
ȻҲҶΪ⣬Ϊ̫ˣûʸ̸ѣȻں
Īõռ֮ҶЩ˷ܣⶫӵкܶصȻڻûпţⶫ֮·ƽ̹ġ
ռ֮Կ͸ռıʣԺҲûʲô󷨿赲ˣǿȥǳһԹһԹ϶סˡҶ찵뵽
漴Ҷϸоһռ֮ڵĿռ䷨򣬿ÿռ֮һɫ
ֵĵطռ侹ȻˣʥҲ޷˲ơ
ͨԺǰ˲ƣֱǳ룡ҶЦƬ̣оǿͨռ֮ԽԽڴˣ֪жδ֪ͨд
оһҶȴûٶоʲôͨûйΪԼĿռ䷨̫ٵԵʣԼռ䷨ǿˣռ֮϶ǿ
ռ䣬ռ䣬ĿǰȻֻÿһֶԵģҪǴȥݴ½ǿ߷񡣡Ҷ찵˷ܵ뵽
ռԺ󴳵ؾżʱһ㰲ȫ
ռ䣬Ϳսˣ򲻹˵ʱ򣬿˲ܣȴ޷˲ƣȻ׷Լ
Լ˲սȴУһսһθ˺ܶࡣ
ֺôҪҶԺʵս飬ס
ӵпռǳȻǰģôǳǿʱ֮ǣҲӦǵˡҶ뵽ǳǿʱ֮ǣһƬȣԼҲܵõǿǳ˵ܵһʱ֮Ӷӵвٿʱ
ǰ˵ͬʱӵвٿʱͿռսˡ
ȻƿصĿռЩʱ˵ֻҪһ˫ʱ֮Ϳռ֮ôʵǿࡣ
ϾʱͿռǿֻƿһ㣬Ҳ
ûȥˣȻҪȼˡ
Ҷ΢΢˼Ƭ̣漴˳ռ䡣
ںϣټоռ֮ķµʱ䡣
ȺҲԼ϶żġ
ʵϣҶ˳ռʱ򣬾ѾҶҴĺɽΧˡ
ԼĸǣƣҶţҶҴˣд׹ĹҲˣʮҲˣȵȴ׹Ķǿߡ
ʮ˹һЩҲȫˣνһð
Ҷ죡

Ҷ֣һ˶ʱ˵ӭȥ
Ҷ쳯ŵһһͷһǰҶǣ׼˽µĴ磬Ҳ֮ʼ
һڱʮ˹ǿߣһЩȫۼһá
ǳ֣ɽ˺
ӴҶǣѾˣѹѹһƬ
λλҲ೤ʱ䣬һ񣡡翪ʼãҶ˵
ԣɵЩڴ⵽ʲô
ڴʱҶһֳ̽͵һץ
һ˲䣬ҶϱһɿֲϢѹó˶Щ
գƺӲҶһץ֮ռ䶼鿪˷ӿҶǾۼ
찡һ˶ʱǷ֣ҶǵһŨһٱ֮ࡣ
Ͽһµʱ䡣ҶһУЦ뿪ˡ
ԣҲܲôֱ࣬ӿʼЩʡҲˡ
һٱһ£ȵǰһٸˣһδ
ͬʱҲҶĿֲʵͨ԰õֱͬˡ


880 ɱ¾Բ
Ҷǵһһٶ౶ȫеߣʱ֮УûɵԸִ
֪һΣҶǵʵһΡ
Ҷҵõĺôࡣ
ϾҶ֮У󲿷ֶҶҵӵܡ

ҶԺ
Ҷ֣λǴֱʰӦȫ֮еȺп˵
ûȥȻʱһ£԰ʡ߰ʱ䣬ʼΪ˵Ǳˮн
Ҷ׼ڱʮ˹ꣿ׹ʵȻڴҶò׻һˣȻĻᡣ
ɵҲ֪ڵıʮ˹ɸѳ֣˶֪оȨĻҶңֻûҶҶҵӵܲҹŶѡ
εıʮ˹󲿷ֹ̽̽ҶڷģҪҶҪʮ˹Ȼ֮ᣬǰ׼
Щ˵뷨ҶȻڱʮ˹ûʲôȨĿǷݴ½
£ҶЦ˵༸ɡ
Ҷ𣬲֪ݴ½û޷Ϣ
Ҷߵ֪𣿡
Ͷλ֮ɫ
ǿλ˿ҶǰȴǵҶĿ⣬ľη֮ɫ
ЩȻҲֻ߰˼ҶҵһЩǿ߶Ȳϣ˵Ҷˡ
޴ĵȼ࣬ҶǰܵӴѹȸС
ǿ߶ߵѹ
Ҷûпͷųѹߵˣܹܵĵεơ
ʵϣҶҲóǰЩյĺѡˣĿⶼЩͬˡ
Ҳǿעǹ¶İɣҶһ̾漴ߵϢ˵ûи߶ߵֻ˵ʵ֮¡
û뵽߾Ȼ˻˵ߵʵȻҶ֮£Ŀʱһ˿֮ɫ
Ҷûڴ˵Ҳһֱڴ޷Ϣȴû̽
ʱЩʧ
ǵһ뿪ʮ˹꿡ܣܶ඼棬зǳġ
򷢵ЩҶҲ漴˵һλλѡ
ЩպѵıӰҶ̾˿Щį
֪ЩѾĺˣʵľ޴࣬˫˸Ĥ
Ҷ죬Ҷҵźڵǿߣ׼ˣһһʮˡʱҶʨǰ˵
ǶɣҶԻعҶʨ˵ͷ
ͬʱҶһӡ
䣡
һ޴ĸʱҶĺԺʮ˲֮ߡ
ʱ֮
ҶλȻҪ취Ҷҵʵ˸ǵЩ֮⣬ʱ֮Ҳ֮һ
ʱ֮ʮ꣬Źȥһʱ䣬ȴǿҶڶʱǿߡ
ʦ˵޴ڵĻ黹мžУ⼸һֱʱ֮ɡҶգҶҵǿߺŶŽʱ֮С
ͬʱҶҲǽ
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һꡭꡭʱúܿ졣
ʱ֮Уȴǹȥʮꡢʮˡ
ʱ֮Ķ㡣
Ҷ찴հָʹͨöʹ֮ҶоԼһǿ˼ٱһЩģķ˲
䣡
ھŵɱ¾֮ܿͱҶˡ
ûᣡʹͨĻᣬҶٲھŵɱ¾򣬽Բ硣
ʮ֮ͨЧˣҶʱҲھŵɱ¾֮Բ硣
磬ʱŹȥһʱ䡣
ɱ¾ԲˣɷҲԲˣԲɱ¾򣬻ɷ򣬶۷֮ʥ硣
ڵʮ˵Բķ֮ҶһֱȻӣҲɵӿһĨ죬мޱȡ
ԹܹһַѾǼˣҶȴַܹԲ磬˵ǰ޹˺ߣҲеˡ
Ҷ죬˵̫磬ȻҲ۷֮Ƿ֮ȴһϾʥ硣һԵİѵǰҲʥΪˣȻеİ
Ϊξŵ֮Բˣ۳ķ֮ȴԲҶЩʵ
Ǻǣ֮ԶǿջҪޱߣɱ¾ɷֻɱ¾ɷһƤë̸Բ񼶱ǿߣҲûаļԲ˵ˡȻЦ
ҪβԲķ֮Ҷʵ
ɱ¾򣬵Բķ֮ʱȻ㣬Ǿǽʥʱ˵
Ҷ˵ͷܶ벽ʥǵȲôʱǰ۷֮Щ˳ɹˣʧˡ
㲻ھ칬õһö鵤𣿵㾭ı֮ٷö鵤ģһ۷֮Բжٲࡣ˵
Ҷ˵ͷö鵤ȴǸһݻᣬģһ۷֮Ǳ˵òĻ
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һΣҶ׼ʥ硣
ʥԪʩչôвʥǿˡ
ԴʥǿߣҲöԷеһɱС
Ҫ֪ҶڵʵѾﵽļˣҪһ㣬Ǿֻܽʥˡ
ڲܽʥ£ҶֻڤüǿԼʵ

ۼҡ
ϥڵ̨ϣȻ۾ǰԶһӰӽģתΪ
û뵽㾹Ȼɹˡý㽣𣬻ǽߣ쿴ˣĮףͻȻһ˿Цݡ
ߡ
ʱߣûһ˿ϢǰĵȴѾ˺ͬȵĲΡʥ
ѾˣҲˣΪߣһϲƺߵЦ
·͵Ǻѣһԣһ
첢⣬ضߣ˵ȻָʵΪβȥսҪˣҲݴ½һԱ
սһ࣬һ٣ܹٽһǶݴ½á˵
ⱬһǿȻ֣Ŷѹȶȥ
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ã̧ƣһߣ˻ʱ䣬ܹɹһٽ˻ʽ͸㡣
⣬תȥֻͷ죬˵ܹǵۼң̤һˡ
ԿЦҡҡͷ
ǵۼң
ǵۼףԼӡŮȴѰ
Ҫ󰮣ҪССô
ôףݴ½ҲͲֻоλ˻ˡ


881 ׯ
ۣҽˣ
ô£ŹȥꣿΪҸоѾȥʮˣ
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ȥ꣬ʱ֮УȴѾȥʮʱˡ
ʮʱ䣬һŽ磬һЩţӽˡ
ʱ֮һʮˣĶ磬ʶʮˣҶһӶǿߡ
ҶĸĸҶʨҶˣѾʾ硣
ǵ츳ǲ̤ʮ̤ʾ磬κҶıʵ̫ˣʲôʾơ顢ȵȣЩ֧£츳ٲҲӲ뵽ʾ硣
ǼСûлҶ֧֣ȴԼ츳ʾ磬ɼ츳Ƿ
ЩǱҶӵܣҶҲ˽ʵٶࡣ
ôඥǿߣҶڵʵνǱʮ˹һˡ
ĸҶʨүүǵ츳̫ˣȻҵİ۾ѾǼˣ̤𾳽硣Ҷ쿴Ⱥи˵ĸĸˣɵð뵽
𾳽Ƿļޣûһ츳ٶıҲ̤硣
οҶֻпͨʥʵı࣬ЩʥءͲ̫Զˡ
ܹĸ۾磬ѾҶļˣԺٻ
Ҷ죬Խƪڤǣǿ󣬶һİƺҶ˼˵
ҶԴϲæƪڤĸҶʨһЩ׽֮ˡ
̤ܲ𾳽磬򣬾ͿԼԺŬˡ
ܹģҲˡ
źҶҵ֮Ҷ͸ĸǽһ뿪ʮ˹ˡ
ǰӵʦѪħʥϢ˵޴ڵĻҪʼˣҪǰμӡ
ҶŽС
ʮѾԪһʥʥˡ
ʱشСʥǿߣǴʥǿߣûľ似Ҳܲơ
ټϿռ֮ڵʵϴʥǿߣҲδزһսҶ찵뵽
ϱڤ棬򲻹Ҳ񵱳ôǱˣٿߡ
뿪Ҷ֮Ҷ첢û뿪ʮ˹Ǹӡ֮ء
ŵϺϣѾ뿪ʮ˹ǰȥˣԪ࣬Ҳϣܹ֮ǰ
ԣҶһһӡ֮ء
صķӡȻ쳣͸ļµϢҶ찵𾪡
û뵽ʵȻҲָо浽׷ӡʲôҶ찵ɻ
ʱ֪ϺжôЦβõķӡǵеʥҲò
λ˼ҵʦ棬һλ˲õĴڣɲǾ칬ͨĵӡ
ҶӡĶӺˡ
£ҶţĿռ֮ʱ¶һɫǰطӡ֡
ҿҶһڵĿռ䷨򣬳ſռ֮йעȥ
˿ռ䷨֧֣ռ֮ʱصǰķӡǱصط
ʱɳаɱ¾ѪȵϢõҶ³˵궼һήҡ
ҶӲֶĵĸо˳ſռ֮˹ȥ
һҶʱ˫ĿһƬ˶ˡ
һΣѺߣʵĶʥǿҶ춼͸²
ЩǿߣʱѾ˫Ŀһ֪סһΪΪˮֻʣһ໹ڼȴѾʧȥ˻
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޲Ŀ
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Ӣȴһ죬ӵܱضһ壬ѪȾǧء
һ壬ض𣬶ĩղԶӡ壡

һѪɫ֣ЩʬǰģеĲʣеԹޣеս⣬Ȼ֮䡣
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ڴʱһŲͬʱһɹѪȡɱ¾Ϣ
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Ҷоһתеʱ䶼˱仯ڰĵΣһɢӶ¶һ嫵ĶϤĴ硣
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ʱݴ½Щ⣬ģǷΪſ½ÿһ鶼ڵݴ½Ҫֱܶ࣬޾
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ͤУһߣԲ˯
ƺӦҶĵ߻۾¶һ˫ɲӡ˫ӣҶо궼ҪݽȥˣдʧɫæҲҿߵ۾
ǰʲôطҶʵ֪ԼĪط϶ǰν
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磿Ҷ㵡
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ǰʱˣҶ𾪲ѣʱǿݴ½ڵʱǰǰݴ½ڣ
ׯܣʱһ顣ׯ̾һս鼯ȫҲش˺ڰˣΪ˱һ˿ϣŹڰ֮С
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ҶЩ㲻ˣʵǰΪˣ
Ϊ˸ݴ½һ˿ϣׯɫѺݴ½ǿߣΪˣʵǲûȥǱ֮ȵմսʼЩ˱ؽڰһ
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ЩǿߵȻˣȴûȥȻֻ
ֻҪׯԸ⣬ʱЩǿ߸ӵųԽǰǿ
Ҫ֪ʱڣڰݴ½һսϣ֪ץ˶λݴ½ǿߡ
ЩǿһǾһɾ޴
Ҷ;üޱȣΪݴ½һڿݴ½ĵӷǳֻû¶ѡ
ʱȻׯƣôʱǿѵûʲô̫ʱľλ˻ѵû׼
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ҶţЩǰǿǣһ׼ˣֻȴյһսԱ㳹ɱڰ
ǰҷֵЩʥѾˣΪΣҶͻȻʵڵпʥǿߣЩǿһʶܿϹʱʥԶһ㡣
ʥֻаǧһ꣬Ϊǻţ
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ôܣҶţʮꡢ꣬ǿеԪ
þȣݴ½ʥ֮Ԫͺܶ࣬Ϊݴ½õӡˡׯ˵
Ҷ֮ǰҲׯ˵ˣʱﵽ񾳽ǿ߱Ϊ飬е𣬱㱻Ϊͳǿߣ򱻳Ϊ
ʱǿģû֪ĵӣΪһ飬ָݴ½
˵ݴ½ߣķǴĹݱġ
ҲΪˣλһƺǾ档
֮档
شڰȴ޷ɱΪ˱ݴ½Լóݴ½Ŀ󷨡󷨵ס˺ڰ֣ͬʱҲݴ½ϵҲ޷ӿׯ̾
֪ܲԶԶݴ½Ϊ󷨵ķݴ½ԽԽΪ벻һǿߣҲԽԽ١
û㹻֧֣ߵԪҲʼͣһλʥҲֻزԪˡ
ׯҡҡͷ
ȻΪݴ½룬Ҳݴ½ķչ
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ҶԻȻֲڵǿߺţϹʱϹʱֲԶʱ̫ʱ
󷨵ķ֮£ݴ½ֻ᲻ϵرգȴûӣʹԽԽˡ
ȻҶ뵽ڰΣ۾ɵһ˵ǰӡô£˵󷨷ӡݴ½Ϊʲôӡ
ǺǣͨǱһǿ߿ٳģӡҲõġׯЦ
Ҷһ£֪ӡϺϵʦ沼õģû뵽ǵʦ澹ȻǾ
һݡ
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ѪħʥЦ·һɫų̵үү⸸һһšҲż޴ڣһκͳ·游ȥû뵽ȻһˡΪʦʵǿ󣬷ˣҪǹ˼ɳƥ򣬵Ϊʦֱˡ
ϧҲû뵽ʦʥ硣ҶЦ
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ͬʥǿߣѪħʥȲϳۣһȴǣǾѪħʥԶȳҪᡣ
ʵǿ󣬵ԪҲˣԻѪħʥǰ档
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һΣǳۣ޴ڵĳϻᶼѪħʥˣ˭Ҳ벻Ҷ쾹ȻѪħʥͽܡ
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ѪħʥٺһЦµòǳ·Сӡ
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һЩҩҲʱʵЩҩȻޱȣԳ۵ʵݣҲδزܸ·Ūõ
޴ڵĵ鵱УչֳʵСʥ۷壬ճƥһ̬ȣض㵱СʥԴһΣ϶ó·ӵСʥڵʵԻˡѪħʥ˵տҶ졣
Ҷ֪Ѫħʥ˼ŵ˵ֻҪǳʥ磬ӶֲܱܣֻСʥڵĻӻ֪ʲôš
ܺãģΪʦҲͷˡѪħʥЩ𾪣ҶţʵȻ˵ãеһЩ˼飬Ҳûôǿɡ뵽ҶǾ칬ʥӵݣһֻ˱һˣеɻʧ
ˣʦͽмҪæҶ˵ţóһ嵥ݸѪħʥʦЩҶҪ޴ڵĵλӦܹҿȡãҼ۸Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
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λؾ칬õһЩѪҶ˵
ãɾתսڰ˲㣬Ϳȷʥˡʱ⿿ܿСʥ۷弶ǿߣټϵʵԴʥҲδزһսѪħʥЦһ𿰱ȴʥʷǿˣЩʮǿʵš˿ˣһΪʥǻܹΪʥˡ
ʦȻѪЩҲǳڵĲ֧ϰһ£ҰԼϡٵĲʣµģԺ취ҶЦ
תսֱһſӵȫҵĹǰ㻹˵˵㣬ҪĵرǾˡ
ڰ˲ӿֲȥѪ˵ʣµĲϣҲݴ½ģҲֻ޴ڲռȫ
ңһλʥҲȫĲϡ
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ͷʦ𣡡ҶҡͷЩϼֵ̫ˣѪħʥʦͽҲϾѪħʥҲҪ
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ʦԹҶĿһ
ѪħʥͷʵЩ꣬ҲһԹԼĨӣб˵Ĺϵ̽ҪԼϷҲˣϾ޴ڵˡڣϷԹƥ˶
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ۻ۾Щҡͷؿ˳·һۣүү˵ٱˣʲô¶Ҫ侲㶼ʥôľ˲ҵٶһı䣬ǲҲëëڲˡ
·ں˵үүʥʱ٣ҿɲԺûʱҪ
һı֮Щ˵ˣӦʥʱʱѡ۷֮аٷ֮ʮϵļʽʥ
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ŵҩ񱩵ԼҲ֪֮һ֮ڣʵһΡڲԵʱ򷢻ӳСʥڵʵҶ޴̽飬ӵСʥڵʵѪħʥҲӵСʥڵʵͬʵ޷㣬ͲԳɹ˵
үүģһģˣѪһʩչһΣﵽСʥ۷徳硣·ɭȻ˵뵽֮ǰҶԼ̬ȣѾ˺⡣
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үүģŹȻúܴ󣬵ֻҪһЩĵر༸ʮָܻˡʥ˵ʮ껹գۼ˵ʱ͵չһξˡ·治ں˵һҪҶ죬ͷ޷ͨ
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үүģһʧġ·ٺЦ

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ҶȻ֪ĺôû׼ԺܰﵽԼԷǳǫغЩ˽
λ޴ڵǿߣΪҶôǿʵ϶һ԰ˣû뵽Ȼǫ񣬵ʹ˶ҶĺøһΣɵύ
Ҷ츳ڳ˶ǳţһʥǾʥеĶڣܹΪʥ
ȻŶûн֮ģЩϼһȻҲҰڼӣɵһҶƽȽЩֱҶпȥ˴˽һĵãЩҶпȥһЩؾҽ飬ҲиӦ
ЩˣҶҲûһڻؾǱʾῼǵġ
ؾЩΣյؾ⿿һ˺ѳɹŶȥԺܶʱһʥġ
Ҷ첢ûлؾЩˣǶϵʽ
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ҶЦݺЩ޴ǿ߽ʱһߴӲԶ֮ĻһǿϢ
ȥȴǼۺͳ·үһǰһǿű˰ΧѪħʥҶ죬϶ǳ˲ˬ֮ɫ
ǺǣѪħʥ״ؽԼƱӭȥ
˶Դ˲⣬Ƕ֪Ѫħʥͳ۵ĶԹҲǵһνˣǶѾϰˡ
ҶϸλԼʦĳۣ˵ʵȻǿĿǰԼʦǲһ㡣
λȻ˶ˣȲ԰ɣڣһλʥ۷ĴڿڣѪħʥͳսĳ档


886 
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£ҶĿһǿʥǿԪ񣬶ʱ۳һεĴ̵ݺݵɱĳ·档

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ǿԣɵЦҪѪˣ˭ùˣһӵĺܹˣ
Ѫħʥҡͷһ̾ʵͳ۸ûʲôԹֻǺĺЩԹǣۡ
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Щ֪ʱٵʥǿߣ룬ҶпܳΪҲ˵


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˵Щ֮ԹЩа֮ȫʥʵǶԪ˺󣬺ͷʹ
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һƬïܵĴɭ֣ѩ֮ɭλµ۹ϷԵµ۹һƬɭ֡
Ԩڱѩ֮ɭޱأ𼶱޶ʮͷа벽ʥޣνµ۹Ľء
أʱȴӰһŮУŮľʳһӣ䷲еģһüĿףһ˫ӣ˸ҫ۵ǳ֮⡣һĸߴͿ࣬ףͬһˣ𺳸С
࣬ģǳڣ׼㲻Σա˵ӣǳӣǳĵһţڶ֮УǺպ
Ҷڴˣͻϳˣɲǵǳ̫ǳʱǳ
ʱǳӣѾʥ磬һʵСʥ۷壬Ҳǳݴ½ſԱȼġ
ԱߵһŮʵһãеĽŮĽ࣬õҲܲǳʥҡ
ǴϹʱʹĴ壬ʵȱڤҶҪǿ࣬һңǳһţȻͬʱʥʥ˵ĺ䶯
ǳ磬ôôͽʥˣŲǶҪѹΪȵʥһٱ𣿡ɬһЦ漴ʵ
һԵҲЩɻ󣬵ͷĳҲЩ棬˵ǳǰʥһЩҲǰʥˡ
ǳһЦ鲻ʲôܣҲûʲôϵ˵һλǰݴ½ĻԻʱҪˣЩ֮ҪʥҪԻʱٵʱ򣬽ԼʵǿʱһˣΪʥڳΪ񡣡
Ȼ飡۾һͬʱЩϲǰʱʥ磬ȻǳӣԻʱΪʥǿߣΪʥмֿܡ
Ҳǳˡ
ৣ
ڴʱһ󲨶ռ䱻һ˺ѿ߳Ӱ
ǳ˲ɵȥ
֣ˡˣɵЦ
Ҷˡ
ǳӳ൭ص˵ͷȴû֮ǰǸˣҪǿ޴ڵϣһۡ
ЩɻؿߵҶ죬ü֣ȥĵطԨȻǳæҲΣգ𾳽ʲô
ǰ֣С㲻ǣԼҲΣյġҲע⵽Ҷ죬ɵÿ˵
ԿЦλŪˣλҶ޴ڵĴϣһ𣬶һλʵҶҪǿ󡣡
ʲô
𣡡
಻ɵþһ
һֱĮǳӣͫһɵؿҶ졣Ҫ֪ڽʱҲûгΪ𣬱Ͼڵ콾ϣûмʮλ콾ɴ˿ɼĺˡ
ûģǳӿҶĿһ˿ʣϾǳ·ǵܿˣֻʲôʱݴ½ֳһλô֪
࣬ҲЩɻΪǶʶҶ졣
Цλ֮ǰɶڱչسʥ磬Ȼ֪Ҷ֣ѧԺӣԺǿӣǰǻ˵ģǻȥһ£ȻˣҶҲ콾ˡ
콾񣡡
һˣҶĿ⣬Ҳû֮ǰСˣǶһغ;η
콾ɲôȥģûмʮλÿһǾеţҲܹ콾
ˣȻûнʥһʥǾԱǿˡ
ǳеļʸˣܿˣˣȲ˵ˣȻ𣬵ȷʸ񴳵ԨҲ֪ԨΣգֻܾǣһ˲Ҳˡ
Ȼæ˵
λҶĳҶ쵭˵ҲǳӶЩ⣬˵Ǽʡ
֮ǰǳӵʱҶ컹ЩпǳǳʱԷһλǿѾʥˣһʵСʥ۷壬ǳľš
ȻˣǽȥɣкһȳԨڷȥ
漴ȥ
ԨǱһƬɵɭ֣аΧɽʴˣ¶һɭڡ
Ŀռȶ޷˲ơ
ҶСģʬʥճˣҲЩ鷳ܹʴǵꡣѵ漴ʥʵųһҶҲУҶĽɫâ֮󣬶ʱȻһЦˣҶ˵߲ľתս壬ǿʬǲڻ¡
ʱҶ죬֣Щʬ޷
Ҷ־Ȼ˵߲ľתս壬ʥˣ治𡣡һԵҲ޵
࿴ҶĿУҲһ˿ȣȴǱһԵǳӿˣжʱˬߵ߲ľתս壬ݴ½Ȼټ֮УȴǺƽ
˵գǳҲųҵĽɫâͬҶһǵ߲ľתս塣
ࡢ״ʱޱĽȻʥ˺޴ڵʵһ㲻ȴȲǳеĵλ
ǳּţõǳĴ߲ľתս壬˵ֱ׾٣ΪǳڵǿΪ׼вϣ츳Ҳɡ
ҶҲǰ̾ѣ̫ǿˡ


890 ͥɢ
ʬҶڽԨɫƮ·һԪ硣
ˣӲԶ֮УǴһ˻·ڲҽУǹŭ֮ɭ£֮ëȻ
ֱһƬ⣡Ҷ찵뵽
ǳɫطǰ棬áࡢҶһɫء
ȻԨѾ˺ܶˣѾǰ֪ΣյĵطˣϾΣյؾǳҲҴ⡣
ⲻǹŪ飬ڰǰһλʥԨ֮У󣬵ȴʵ
ʱ򣬰ȫĵطȴҲΣաԣʥǶһֻҪؾ֮УһҪʮ־裬ڶ
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Ҷ첻ɵȥһƬֲĿռ籩ڲϵŰšɫķ籩֮Уռ֮УԶԶȥܸܵǹɾâ˺ʥǿߵ塣
ʲôЩռ֮еո֮£޷ֵ
ǿĹû뵽ռ֮ô£Ҷ찵ԾһֱƿصĿռ˲棬ûռ֮Ȼô£ţһλʥǿǹɿռ籩֮УҲ
ЩΣյĵطѾǰ̽ˣͱܿˡ
ռ䷨һһλ˵ҵĿռ籩ܹɱ붼𺳡ǳӾ̾
˴ʱҲµջĿ⣬вѾ˷ˣǵʵֱ
ʱ䣬˶СĵǰܿһЩΣ֮أӽԨĺˡ
λСģǰһ֮飬Ϊǵıؾ֮أû취ƹ֮У࿪˵ɫЩصؿǰ
ԣصص˵ͷ֮鲻£һȺ֮ǾͿˣһȺʥĴڣһǶԪ˺а֮
а֮ѲǳӶæųսףȡ˿⡣
ֻҶһû׼
ߣǳƳҶһۣЦͲҶȻҶûʲôԹǿһԼҪŵţȻЩˬǶԷҲͰˣԷȴһݸֱǶ衣
ҲЩɻ󣬲ʱҲֻչûչҶ죬ϾҲŸոսʥ磬Ըһ֮Ѿǿˣﻹ˼
Ҷ֣㣿Ͼ޴ڵˣһѪħʥĵ£ȻܷҶ첻ܡ
İɣд㣡Ҷ쳯˵ͷһȺʥޣЩģ֮飬Ͳˡ
֮Ŀܹ֮Ԫ˷ʤҶʥԪ񣬲˵ܹɨЩ֮飬Աȴ㹻ˡ
ǺðɣҶ֣ԼСĵ㣡Ե˵ͷ֪Ҷ첻ǰ׳գԼһѾˣϾҲŸոսʥ磬Ҳֻܹ˵Լ
׼Ĳʱ򣬲ԶǰһȺɫӰƮͬΣȴûף·һŤĶ˻
һ˲ɵøоΧ¶½˺ܶ࣬һëȻƤˡ
СġͺһԼѾ׼ıʩչЩﶼǻסԪģרЩ֮ģϾԨѾ׼˺ܾá
Ҳˣ֣ټһԵǳչˣҲסļ֮顣
Ҷ֣ɣﲻ˲ƣ֮ٶȲǣɣ˦ǡҶһȳǰɶȥ
һЩ֮ȴǲϵسķ֡
ǳӴʱסã֣ٳǰȥ
û˹Ҷ죬ԼʵУסԼѾǼˣҲһǳǸҶ
𾪵һĻˣֻҶʩչףôҡڵ̤շУЩ֮飬Χ
ǿԪҶֻ𣿡𾪵ؿŲԶޱȵҶ죬Щš
⡭ôܣǳдֻ۾Ҷ죬Сʥ۷ʵ˶֮鹥ҲЩܣû뵽Ҷɵؾ͵סˣֱͬͥɢһ㡣
Ҷ֣ԭԪǿѹֲЩ֮顣Ц֮ʱҲЩˡ
ְ֣ɣҶ쳯˹ȥ˵֣ʵչ࣬ϾԱЩˣﻹܺҶ֡
Ҷİ֮ʱɶˣҶһͥɢسԶȥ
ǳ˱˺棬ʱҲûҶæϾǸղҲûҶֻ˵Լ۾Ϲˣˡ
Ҳٰɣ̾˿֪Ҷô˵ʲôҲҪҶùϵʱҲͲôˡ
࿴ҶıӰ
ǳĿеļҲزסˣһɱ⣬ɼתΪ⣬͵ĳ·һġ
ֻǳӵԱϾҪǿ·棬Ҷʵ޴ڶǳɵûг·ô
֮˦Ⱥ֮飬ÿ˶ЩƣͣڲԶϢš
Ȼû֮ս֮鹥ԪȻʵû½٣ȴĺܴ󣬼ֱƣߡ
ֻҶһȺ֮ĹҲֻ˺ʥԪʥԪǰһ
һץһЩ֮飬һЩ֮
´Լһ˽ץЩ֮ɣҶ찵뵽漴ʼ۲ܣԨĺλˣǿռ籩ޣ洦ɼˡ
ǱϾսģǰ㿪ˣԻܵޣҲԸǽ˦
һ·һƬʯУﵽǽƵʯͷ·ȵĻ濾һ㣬¶ȴܵͣ³һˮܽɱ顣
ȻЩƵʯϣȴðڵ¶Խڻ
ȣط֣ҶЩȵ˵
ЦҲΪֵطܹݣעһ£ݾͳЩʯѷ֮УܲҵͿԵĻԵˡ
˵գҲʼѰ
ƺҲûжΣհǺǣཿЦ֮ǰһȺ֮Щѣһ·ȴǲûʲôΣա
Ҳ˵ͷʾͬ
ȴǿЦλҪˣֻΧûʲôΣգȴкܶޣǲΣաãܹΧҵݣǾͲҪˣҪһս
ȷкܶǿϢǳɫ˵ͷĸӦ֮УƬʯֵвǿϢ
ǳ֮ԣöʱɫʼСĵΧѰ
ҶҲһΧҵݲûбϣϾҪݵĻﻹֵõǣͱȡˡ
ҲֻҪѡ


891 ͻ
Ȼ˼죬ûпݵӰӣʱѾұΧˡ
һ죬ٴξۼһ
ֻܽȥѰˣ˵
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ԽǽӽԽܹܵһɹǿϢҪһֻ޻˵ϣҲֻ·ˡ
£ҪѰݣѶȡ
ȻһҲҪ˴˺ˡ
ˣôηأ
ѵƽ䣬
ÿҲֻҪһݾ͹ˣǩ䣬Σ
ûϾǱǿ˶١
ǳȴһƳҶһۣʵǿһҵģҶʵһģǩ
Ȼû
ȴæ˵ôУ˵ƽģôܷڣҶֵʵ֮¡
ߣʵǿҪǳޣҪǰ棬ȡһĻһһжǳЦȫɫѿ࣬漴ֿҶ죬СӱϾֻҪҲûãѾˡ
һŶӶʱìˡ
ҶȻִѹ֮ˣؿǳӣʲôʲôʸҵķ䣿Ŷ㷢𣿡
˻һʱȵؿҶ죬ϾǳӵʵǿȻҶ޴֮ˣǳڵǳһҲ޴ڡ
ȻǳɫһɭضҶ죬˵ʲô˵һ飿
ҶȻǳӵвߵʥѵղûҶĳĻ𣿻˵⣿
䣡ǳ˲֣һȭûжʲôֶΣֻƾȻԼš
Сӣҿʲô£ǰǳɭȻ˵ΪСʥ۷ǿߣԼȻţҲ˵߲ľתս壬а֮ӡϷǵǿߡ
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ϾԷСʥ۷壬Ҷ첻ʵȲϴˣȻд
ǳʱǽӽĵţǸ·ǿˣҳ˭ҲС
䣡
ɫսףѤõĹâҶСʥڵʵһǿСʥڣҷ޵С
ǳӵȻǿҲǿ󣬵ȴѻս׵ķϾһʥʥεǿ߶ӵУȻǿޱȡ
ҪҶֻ𾳽磬ĻǳӴһҲƲ˷
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˵֮£ΧĿռʱѿˣƥܣ˷ϯõ˺Ȼˡ
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ǳԼս׵Ĺâ˼ʮԶɫʱѿޱȡ
һսףȻǶʥ޴ڣ־Ǵ󷽣ѹָ𾳽ôǳҶ죬׼ȷ˵ǶҶǼսףĿһ˿ʺͿ飬ܿΪ֪սף޷Ҷ졣
˶ʥսףҶʵȻֻСʥڣǷȴѾСʥ۷ǳ޿κˡ
ܶУ˵ѵˡ
ǳӲǰ׳գ֪˷ʱ䣬ֻȡ裬ײǳ·棬̡
Ҷ״Ҳûм֣ЦţҲˣͬľ磬ɱͬ
֮ˣԷ֮ǰƣȻ顣
ǳԣȻŭ϶Ȼֳս׵ѤâҲһʥһϢʱǵ˴ʥΡ
ΪţȻȱʥ
ҪΪĻۣ
ǳɱⱩǣΪĶţȻҲ֮ˣһ԰ˣͬţ˭Ҳ
ҶƣѾȫŭ
ǳӣʲôҪ޴ս𣿡ȵȻʵãʱҲҶվһ
ԶЩľû뵽ᷢչֵزҲû뵽Ҷʵôǿ󣬿һɫĶʥսףгĽ֮ɫ
սܹ޴ڣǳξ޴ڣߣǳЦ
㡭໹˵ȴҶֹ̧ˡ
䣡
ҶйâһһѰɫĳȻ֣ɢųɱһɿֲϢʱ
ʮֵ
ҲŵкʵҶ˵еʮֵʵʱǵСʥ۷壬ȻǳӲһ㣬Ҳ˶١
һʥ
Զöʱѡ
ǳҲͫʥҶ죬ʵȻһ㣬ƾս׵ǿȫԵֵĹˡ
ܹռϷ磬Ҳ޷κҶ졣
ȻʥһһףǳгĽʺޣʥֻǳģһһף޷Ҷʥ
Ҫ֪ʥڻһʵǵ˴ʥ֮󣬾Ͳõˣһѡ
ҶǶʥµ˴ʥ磬ȻһεǶʥĿ֮
ʥҲӵжʥ˵һ׶ʥˣ֮УҲǷǳϡٵģЩʥǿգֵ󱲡
뵽ǳеļԽŨˣȵѹָ˿޴ڻǴֱʣȻһʥ㡣
û֣ͣҶ칥ʱѾﻢˣʹ˰ֵĻ˵Ҷ졣
֣˿Ҷ촫˵漴ӭǳӣչҵս
ҲҶʵһ£漴æ˿ǰ׳գȻҶʵȻǳӡ
οֻҪʵ̫󣬼ɱԷ
൱Զս
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ռ飬ѿƬ綼ڿ񱩡
ȫʥεǿս
ŷʲô˲𣡡ǳӾù£ɵŭȵս׵ķ˵Ҷ졣
ңҶ컹ûʵս̫ʮʽأǳӸ˲Ҷ졣
ʵ಻ǺܴҶķ޵Уս֮ķǿˡ
ҲҶֻ𾳽磬͸Ҵؾԭ򣬱ȷʥεǿߣҲܹߣҲֻʥǿߣŶЩв
ҲҵĹҶԣ׼ʩչˣȻ޷ɱǳӣͷˡ
ڴʱԶʮǿϢÿһʥ֮£лмɿȴʥϢ񱩺ͳѪȵɱ¾
˵϶Ҷǳӵսˡ
ʱ˲ŲԼѾӽˣս벻޶ѡ
ߣǳӺ޺޵صҶһۣתͷɻȥˣʵǱȺΧ㲻ҲҪˡ
ûжԥæǳһˣǺǳӵĽ


892 
ҲϽ뿪ҶкһҲԶȥǳ෴ķ
ϽȥʱŶѾѣֻѡҶһ
뿪ãʮͷµޱ˴˵أһɢųɷݴ½ȫһӡ
ҪҶڴˣһ𾪣Щޱݴ½Щȫ

ɫĽʯɢŷڵбޱȣɭȻ
Ҷһͷ޾ʯĽʯǳߴЩȴɽֲ巽
Ҷ֣ıǸˣû뵽ǳӾȻˡЦ
Ҷ˰֣С츳ȺȻݴ½ˣᡣ
˵Ҳǣһɭĺܣǰȴûҿ˳Ǽ츳һѪ˵
ҶЦǳȻ츳ûбĶ콾ϵЩš
Ҷ֣˵ʵһ޲ϾˣǲǸ÷ˣȻ˵
˴˵أôܷҶҡҡͷ
ðɣξƴһΣֻҪʮͷޣҲܵõһҧ˵ͷõݣܹʡʮʱ䣬Ȼô
СĽؼȥǵԸӦΧ޵ϢǲҴˡ
һ߶ޣһ߰Ѱݣʱŵĺܿ졣
תۼȥˣҶڿݣûݣҪٶܳ죬֮ǰнˡ
һɫҩݣаôߴ󣬼˲ͬѪһʺ죬ɢŨ
ϧһûݣĵرֻڴ˴Ҳû
ǰһδݣʧ֮ɫ
Ҷ쵹ϸһݣǵһμĵرɵЩ档
֮ǰЩˣٿȷ϶ݣټȥҶ˵
˵ͷѾõݣΰݣ
ת۾͹ȥˡ
Զ齸ʯ·񷣬ͱ֮䣬ɫҩݣݣһ˶ߣȻѾˡ
찡Ȼݣ̫˰ɣԶһ齸ʯ棬Щˣֻ۾ֱؿݣ˫ȡ
ҶҲϲѣΪ˾裬æ鿴ܣɫͻȻһСģ޿ء
ɫȻɵ˳ҶĿȥݸһɽ֮У͸һ޵ǿϢ
ͷ޾ȻϢˣҪýǶδܹӦĵ
Բƽޡ
ʥɫһֻдʥޣŻᶮϢ
һǴʥڣҶɫҲޱȣֻǴʥڻڵޣаסʱȥȡݣǴʥڣͲܹеסˡ
ô죿Щò׿ݣѵʹ˷
ҶҲܲģһҧȥȡݣΧϡ
ΣհɣൣĵȻõݣҲϣҶΣա
ģ򲻹Ҳߣȡݣ뿪˵أ֮ûȥΧ뿪Ԩ޴ڼ档Ҷ˵
⡭ðɣյ˵ͷ֪ԼҲﲻҶ죬ΪҶۡ
źһУҶСĵؽӽͬʱҲ˼ôӦͷǿޡ
ҵʵԴʥڵ˵һΨһľֻһȻᱻŭҶ찵뵽
Ȼǻۣһŭִᷢﵽʥǿޣ޾һС
գҶ촩սףóʮֵһͷӵɽȥ
䣡
һâǧɳƴƥֱӽΧˡ
ǿֱɽͷǿһûˡ
𣡡ŭ̶ֳȵĹ˲ȴķŭ˳ֻ۾ɺضҶ졣
һͷȫۼװޣֻ׳ޱȣЩǺͱӵĺ壬ͷϳֻɫǣһβͱӻҪʮֹ
䣡
ͷ޿ˣҶһڼ⣬һɰɫҽðŷڵĻ棬õΧ¶һӰθ˼ٱ
Ҷæս׵ķͷų̫ͼֵסɺƴĹҲԶһѪ
Ҷ찵ľҲ̫˰ɣƣȴǶɲΣա
𣡡вغ˼ȴûɱ
Ҳ֪Ҫ뿪ҶʱüͷƬ̣æ߶ǿԪʩչ
ʥޣȻԪҲǿ󣬵ǱҶʥԪȴǲ˲ֹһ㡣
𣡡
ǿľ񹥻֮£ͷˣԪľҴʹܵޱȵķŭ񱩲ѣȵĻ棬Χʯڻˡ
ৣ
һϢ֮䣬ͷޱҶǰǱβͣͬһ̣Ҷ̶ֱÿռ䶼ˡ
֣ҶһǺûᡣ
ͬʱų̫ͼս׵ķֵ֣ס޵Ĺһָ׼һ
ȻŹֺûᣬæ˳ݡ
𣡡޶ʱŭʳʵȻݱ˶ߣæȥɱࡣ
ȻҶԪѾָˣٴκ
ܵǿľ񹥻ٶȷŭ𣬿ڱǶðѪˣɼԪ˵
ĿٴתҶ죬ǰСһȻһٶ˺Լֱ޷ԭ¡
ɷ˵ҵҶ죬ȵĻ棬ûأΧ¶˸о̫ˡ
䣡
Ҷش̫ͼս׵ķڱˣǼβͣݺݵؽؿڶɫѪҺա
Ҷ֣Զ࿴һĻɵþ
ңҶһһ޵ľβ棬۵޳˻
Ҷû˿ʼ޸壬˺ʥµ˵ģʥǿӵѪĹܣǽȫ𣬷ɱ
ҲˣҶŸսʥڵޡ
ʱҶҲȡݣԶȥ
ڵˣҶ찵˿ȴû뿪Ƿޣٵȥ
ʱסޣȥ׷ɱ࣬ʵӲߡ
ʵϣݱߣѾعͷˡ
ռ֮ҶһΪĿռ䷨۶ʱɫһִɫ嶼סˡ
һ˲䣬ΧĿռ䱻ˣʥڵޣҲֹͣжֻ۾ɵϴƺܲԼΪʲôˡ
ɱҶûһֱ£漴׼õٶȺݺݵغȥ
𣡡ڰ˽ܵ񹥻ʹޱȣ񱩷ŭԴҲʮֵһɭȻѪڣðڵѪҺ
޳ױҶ켤ŭˣҲʲôݣҶɱ


893 ֮
䣡
죬ѪɫսѪȾ˲񷡣
Ҷһα޺ıȵĻ棬ǽѪڻѸٻָ壬ıɱˡ
̫ˣǴʥڵʵ𣿡
Ҷµؿ˺һۣȫٱӣѾԶˣҲ޷ȥɱԷ
Ҫǰֻޡ
޴սѾ޵ע⣬ȥҶбΧ³Ǿͱˡ
ս׺̫ʮʽȻ޷ͷ޿⣡Ҷ찵ҲѣɱСʥ۷ǿߣͱɱˡ
ʥɱСʥ漸ǲõģΪ˲ƣ򲻹Ҳʱߡ
Ԩż֮У޷˲ƣһʵ޴ĴʥΣˣҲǾʥżԭ
Ϊż֮еıЩʥҲòƴǰͺ̵ؽż
𣡡ŭ׷Ҷ죬һ޴βͣͬƲӺ󷽱ż̶ĺХռ䶼ˡ
Ҷɫ䣬ؼʱ̣Ŀռ䷨򱬷漣Ӳغ˿ܹشһ
Ȼż֮޷˲ƣҶҲУǶ̾ƶҶ컹ǿ԰õġ
ܹ֮õҪǿǱȱ˸ǿһЩĿռ䷨
Ҫ֪յĿռ䷨ҲǺһࡣ
ҶΪںǰ꣬ռ䷨ԶʮһڼӡȻӵЩٳɶ࣬Ƿǳɹ۵ġ
ΪӴĿռ䷨Ҷֿռ񱩵ĵطж̾˲ƣȻһ˲ƣҲķٿռ䷨Ҫʱָ
ϧںǰ꣬ռ䷨ٶҲܵԼһյĿռ䷨ҶЩźҡҡͷӡ
Ҷɱ¾ٶȶλһڣôռ䷨ٶȾһڷ֮һҶռ䷨ٶȣţ
Ȼ֮ǰһĿռ䷨ȴǺܴĽˡ
ʵϣҶ첻֪ǿ࣬λݴ½ѵĺڰ񣬶޷ռ䷨ǿĴڣҲ޷ռ䷨
ɴ˿ɼȻֻڷ֮һٶȣҲǷǳˡ
Ͼռ䷨Ҷ˵ʵ̫߼ˡ
ÿһķ࣬Ǿ޴ġ
ȫռ䷨ǲǵģԺΪ޾Ԫٲռ䷨Ҳ١Ҷ뵽
ٶȲռ䷨򣬿µҲûжֻн񾳽磬ӵ޾򣬲
ҶǰҲ֪˶꣬Žռ䷨ȫ͸ΪǵǿĴڡ
ͬһڵҶ죬Ҷ죬߻һ˵Ǻǰˡ
ϴںǰ꣬ûյǰļ䣬ҲΪ˷ֹ걻ͬϾǰ꣬һںϣµʱͲҶˣǱǰˡ
ҶϴεõģҲֻǰ츳׼ȷ˵ڲռ䷨츳
츳Ҷھܲռ䷨ҲҲĵڶ˵ġ
𣡡޵ŭٴδҲֹһͷ
Ҷȡۣ߶̽Ӷʱüͷ塣
ʥȫ֮£Ҷ̽鵽ľʮֹмͷ޳Χ
Ȼ޴ĶѾעˡ
ҿۣȻһͷײޣˣҶЩ£ϣҵһûصĵ·ӡ
޵Ǹýÿһʱ䣬ܵҶһö֮ҶľԽԽ
ٹ£ӦþܰһˡҶͷһۣɵ˿
һ·һ£ֱϴڤ滹ҪգϾ޿ûбڤ£ɱҶ졣
Ҷھ칬õһЩת𵤣һžȫָԴ״̬ʱ̱۷壬Բ˱򻻳ɱˣͱͷ׷ˡ
ףȻһݣȻҶ۾һƳԶʯ϶֮Уһ޴ĳݡ
ѾӽΧˣȻһݣﰡ
з˵Ҷæȡݣӡ
ǲҶһͷΧ٣׷ˡ
֮ڰͷޣ뿪Ƭʯ֡
һƬƵʯҶһ£żΣհ
뿪ʯֺҶ쳯ŵȺ֮ȥҪץЩ֮飬ȡһЩ֮ⶫһö
һȺ֮飬ҶҲ޿κΣֻһ㣬һһɱ
ԼҪʱ䣬Ҷܹնɱһ֮飬ȡһ֮
ں֮֮ҶԸܵǿһˣҪ֪Ѿʥʥͻƴ󾳽磬ˣ֮Ȼôࡣ
ȥֻҪһٸ֮飬ҾܽʥˡҶ첻ɵϲ
ɱһ֮飬һٸҪһʱ䣬Ҷ˵ȴֵһᡣ
ȻҲֻҶӵпʥԪټ似նɱ֮顣
ʥʮλʥǿһɱҲûҶôٶȡ
ҲЩʥǿ߿԰õЩʥǿߵѾǿޱˣЩ֮ѾûôˣȻ˷ʱȡ֮顣
˴ʥ㲻ս׺ʮֵҵʵСʥˣһʥҵʵͻ῰ȴʥˡҶЩ˷ܵ뵽
ˣһﵽʥͿٴںһС硣
ʣС磬һٴںϣֻʣˡ
Ҳ˵Ψһ磬ֻʣ֮ңˡ
ΨһһɣҾܽʥʵվݴ½۷壬ڷʥҶЩҡ
ӱʮ˹һ·ΪΨһ磬һδðں磬νޱȡ
ڿ·յˣ֪
գҶϢһʼɱ֮ҵ
ڱ˵Ⱥ֮ڵĵطǷǳΣյģԺˣõҶûܵ˵Ĵţרĵɱ֮顣
ӷǳҶǿߣչؼꡢʮĿҲ£οǽˡ
ңɱ֮ʱҶҲѸǿžĹ似ǰõԼҶѧˣȣǾ磬ûԲ硣
ڣپһδʩչ֮Ҷ췢õԽԽ˳ˣҲԽԽǿˡ
ֽҶǳ˷ܣɱ֮飬ֱһٶá
ڱ˵֮ΣյǶҶ˵Ⱥֱ֮ǱﰡݻҪޱȡ
ڴڼ䣬ٳûеȵҶ죬һص޴ܲæѪħʥȥˡ


894 ն
Ԩ
޼磬Ѫħʥǰǵ࣬ɵüͷ
֮ǰҶ뿪޳ǵʱҲ˵ˣҪһȥԨһˡ
ԨżѪħʥǰҲȥܶΣȻ֪ΣղǺܴҶʵȫӦολǶλʥһȥء
ֻû뵽Ҷ쾹ȻΣա
̫ϳϣô죿ҪҪǲһЩϽȥѰңСĵ˵ô˵Ҷȥģʲô飬ѳ̡ҶΪߣðסͷޣҪ飬Ҳⲻȥ
ȥɣģͽûյ飬µġѪħʥ˰֣˵
⡭ðɣЩֹĲɵ뿪ˡ
ѪħʥջĿ⣬˲ʧԭأ뿪޳ǡ
Ȼ˵ҶʵţΪԷһҪȥһˣϾҶûнʥѱΣա
ż֮Уκ鶼пܷ
ԨѾĲżͬ˴ΣգʥǿҲǲܡ
Ԩ޳ǲԶѪħʥʥʵܸܿϵõ

ڰʮˣʮ˸ҵȴʥˡ
ԨĳأҶ˾ţ֮ڽǰһ֮նɱȡһ֮г˼˷֮ɫ
ӷǳҪ֪ԸЩֻ֮似޵񹦣ǵ˺ᡣ
ʩչҪķԪģҶǿʥԪնɱһ֮ҲķѴԪƣ
״˽һʱ䣬ɱ˿ܲˣҲЩʥǿߺɱ֮Եʣֵܸ֮ߡ
Լһøǿ󣬻ž似ԽԽǿҶסֿսÿ춼ܲѡ
£ܳɹˣ
ҶгڴֻҪﵽʥ𣬾һںˡ
ںֻ֮ʣСˣΨһ磬ֻʣһ֮ңˡ
գҶæҸطʼָԪŵҩԪָĺܿ죬Լ֮ľָ۷塣

Ҷ쳯Ⱥ֮ȥ
ȻڴʱǿӲԶʥǿߣлһλʥڵǿߡ
ţ
Ҷæȡۣ̽Ӷ
Ļ棬ȴһ㶡
ǳӺ֮࣬ǰġѡ˿ȴѾĿɳǳӷ׷ɱ࣬౾ʵͲǳӣƺܵش¼ֲ˶þҪɱˡ
ƺս˺ܾãƺҪ뿪ϾֻҪͨִܿܵԨڡֻҪһ뿪Ԩܽ˲ƣʱȼվѪǳдʥʵҲɱ
Ϊʲôʥɱʥˣǳӵʵô󣬻ܵˣȴֵܼڡ
Ȼǲȣ
ҶĿһ˿ԥ֮ɫ
飬һ˵ԹΪϾûʲôϵûҪΪһûйϵ˵һ
֮ǰҶǳЩͻԿ飬еĳ嶯óǳҪɱڣϾҵҲСһй¶ȥ϶ǳѿġ
ʱ򣬵˵ĵˣǾѡ
գҶûԥӱȥ
ǳӣϹۣȻύɱ֮𲻹죬ҲŹġһ߷ӣһ߳ǳŭ
ǵõ꣬ǳسǰλţ˺øУټǳӵĿӭ˵ĸѸ£ͲͱǲĤˡ
Ȼ죬ΪǳӾȻˣҪɱڡ
Щ޷ܣѵǰֶƭ
࣬ͷ˵ִΪ컹ӵóȥ츳ⱲҪɱҼֱ룬Ȱ㻹ǹԹԽȻΪұ㲻ǳɭЦıӰͷ
ûðɣԼǰϹۣȻûзǳˡ
ǳӣ㲻Ҫ̫⣬Ȼ츳㣬ҵʵݣֻҪԸ⣬ȫԼ޸һλţʱɱҲǲܡŭ˵ֻԼףȻѾǳӳ׼ŭˡ
Ѱ·ǳʱɱ
˵Ĳǳӵݺʵݴ½Ѿ޹˼ɣͬĿɲֹǳһңЩʵҪǿǳҲҪɵ֡
ŮˣһһʥŮˣŮˣҪݣҪʵʵЩˡ
ֻҪԸ⣬¾콾ϵһЩǿߣҲȤ
ΪԽǿĸĸĺ츳ԽǿһЩľţѰһЩǿŮԣΪ
ʵǰǳӽӽĿģֻΪ˸Ҫ棬žġ
ߣŬǰӣѾȼվѪˣֻˣǳӲ׷
ŮˣǳӼӿٶȣȴȲȼվѪ࣬ȻҲȼվѪǾ׷ˡ
ȼվѪĴ̫ǳȻԸķۣԸһ֮ˡ
ӰɣȺ֮飬֮ӵõ𣿡ǳɭȻЦ
ʱǸûзҶ졣
ΪҶۣͨľǸԶǲûзҶ졣
ȻȥȺ֮顭ţˣһȺ֮ΧˣɡҶüͷ׷˹ȥ
Լʱ֮ǳһǰһ֮ȺУܵһ֮Ĺ
˵࣬ȻֲסˣٴȼվѪȡֵ֮ĹٶҲˡ
ӣҿôӣǳҲܵڶ֮Ĺʵǿ󣬱ҲĺãȻڳࡣ
ǳƣǳһ־޵񹦣ȻǶ˱ɱ֮ġ
ͣǿֵȴǳӵĶ֣һѪȾ˲񷡣
ЩѪȴǴ̼Ⱥ֮飬Ƿһسࡣ
ӣѰ·콻Ȼˬһ£ҪǸˣ˵һǳЦ
ҲŹġѸ޸壬Թصǳһۣȥ
ǳơɣǳӼ״һʩչ޵񹦣һЩ֮ĹҲҪɱࡣ
Ȼڴʱһı
ͬʱһǿϢϯ
ʮ˲
ҶӰǳӺ󷽣֮ʱȴѾǳӲԶ
Ŵʥѧϰ޵񹦣Ҷ컹ǵһʩչǹȴǳǿѾԽ˾Ŷ
ϾҶĹսټʥװʺʩչʥ޵ˡ
ǣ㣡ǳȻûлͷȴҶǹϤϢʱɫŭ֮ɫ


895 
ҶͻȻ֣ǳ֮⣬ȫļƻЩֲ
ǳӵǳľţܿͷӦԭǳƣȴǳҶȥ
е㱾£Ҷ״Ҳɵð̾
ǳӾһȵĲٵľţҪ֪ǿ޵񹦣ͻȻı乥Ƿǳѵġɱ߻ħΣգǳȴܹõɼ츳֮ǿǳ
Ȼ̾Ҷȴû飬˱ޱߵѪ⣬Ⱦء
嫵ϢҶϯȥӡʩչʮ˲޵ǳֲһ֣չ˾֮ơ
¡¡
ֻΧȻʮ˸ɫУ·ʮ磬ÿһۼޱߵɱ¾Ϣ嫵ɱ¾кƵֹ
ǳ˶ΧסˣǳЯޱƣͬˮһƵѹء
ʮ˸ɫ뱬ըޱߵһӳ嵴ǳ׵壬ܵҵĹ
ʮ˲ⲻǾ칬޵ô᣿ǳӵǳ̻񣬺ܿϳ޵񹦣жʱһŵؿҶ졣
칬޵ôܻй¶ҶǾ칬ĵӣҵλܸߡ
޴ڣ
칬
ҶǳɫʱѿԼߵˣǰʵ츳Ǳ֮ϡ
һ뵽ӳȥĺǳӻҧ˹ʮ˲Ȼǿ󣬵ϧҶʵǲǳһ޷в
ǲ
ҶһЦȥʮ˲ǳϳû⡣ϾڵʵǷѾվݴ½۷壬ҵɱˣȻԼй¶ȥ
ǳܹϳ޵񹦣ҶҲûоȣԷϹʱ϶;칬Ȼо칬޵񹦵ļء
Ҷ죡
ʱǳӺҶսľ޴󶯾Ҳ˲Զڶ֮Χע⣬ʱԭĿ⣬˲һ˿ϣ
Ҷʵ֮ǰǼʶǳӶκβˣֻҪڣǳӺɱˡ
úӦ֮飬ҽ㣡Ҷȵʱû취ȥ࣬Ͼǳӿɲǳ·棬һλȴʥڵǿߡ
ңԲѣߣǳŭЦȫ߶еʥҶ칥ÿһǳֲ
Ҷ֮ǰʹʥڵսˣǵǿ޶κβοʥڵǳӡ
ֻҶʩչ̫ʮʽ޴̫ͼǳӵĹһһս׵ֵסˡ
ɶ񣡡ǳӶʱŭѣҶĹȻȲȴ
㹥̫ԶˣҶ쳰
Ȼɱ㣬ҾɱǳӵҶ죬ŲԶɱȥ
ߣҶһѾ׼õڱȥ
䣡
ƥԪΪһֱֱǳӡ
֮һʼûʵս似ΪǳӱϾޣһս֮ǳӷκβҲ̽ҶʵԾԾͽ˺ܶࡣ
ҶȴѾõĺûᡣ
ǳӶȻͷ˻Ҳ̶á
ȻǳӸû뵽Ҷ컹ǿľ񹥻似Ҫ֪ľ似ܶУǳҲС
Ǿ񹥻似ȴֻħźа̲ŻУݴ½ϵʥٻ似
ǳӴʱȻҲʩչ˾ķ似֮ܵĹѾ˺ܶ࣬ʱ֮£ȻܵĹһ˲Ԫʹ۵òҺѡ
Ԫ֮ʹɱʹҪǿһ򱶣ֱʹ
ǰǴʥڵ޶۵˻ѣοǴʥڵǳӣǳӵԪֻСʥ۷ѡ
ûᣡҶ״ʱ۾һ
ǳӵľƣԪҲش˵ϢһΣûоЩ֮ĹٴԪܴ
ʱʹˮʱҶȻ
ϧǳӴ˷ǳԪʹԹصҶһۣŭҶ죬Ҽס´㣬һҪ
˵գǳϱ㱬Ѫʵһ˲䱩˼ΣһΧ֮飬ΪһѪɫâԶ
ٶҶϲϣοҲЩ֮Χסֻؿǳߡ
һϵˣľţҶҡͷһ̾ǳӸղȼվѪˣʵȼվѪʵҶԶԸġ
ǳӲ˷̫ྫѪûмҶսȥҶû£Ҳˣ˵Ȳࡣ
ûʱ䵢飬ҶΧ֮飬ףڶ֮Χס࣬ס뿪˵ء
һֱ˦Щ֮ͣҸطϢָʵ
ҶֻǺķһЩԪܿͻָ
ˣ˺أղֱڶ֮鹥Ԫ񣬶ܵش
ʱȡ൤ҩ̷ȥҲֻǺʮ֮һ
ʣµƣеҩϣҲҪʮʱָܻˣֹͣ˼ָ
лҶӣǰҶ죬΢΢һ̾漴صл
֪ǳӵĿþͻѡվҶˣϧûкҩĴ綼ˡ
뵽۾ʱˣˡ
׷ʲô飿ǳΪҪ׷ɱ㣿Ҷ
ǣӣһǳ֣ʱԹ֮ɫ黺
ԭǵҶֱ֮󣬾͸ǳӽʯѰݣǵܿҵݣҶһҲػ
һս֮£ȻݣȴҲͷ׷ɱôһֱʯӡ
û뵽ǳãܵ;УȻһó߿ı
ñҲǿػȻˣȻôưոݡ
ǳӺ֣ͷޣȡ
ǹؼʱ̣ǳӷˣһޣԼȥȡ
СʥڵܿͱشˣǳӸĺȻҲֹٶ˵ͱŭһȥɢ
һз̫ˣڸոժȡ඼ˣӦʱǳѾɱˡ
಻ǰ׳գȻ֪ǳӵĶ֣ҲԶͷҲ׷ˣҪǱǳӴˣɣֻѡܡ
ڰ˳㣡˺Թ࣬Ҷһ̾
ӣżоѺΪ˱֣׳֡ʥǿߣԽǿߣΪʵԽֶΡ
ԨʱѪħʥѹҶˣż֮УǧҪκˣҲȫš
ȻҲǰ׳գû뵽ǳӾȻǱǳ֣Բ䵽³
ҪǻҶ죬ǵȱһҪС֮ˡ


896 ĵ
ҶȻͬ飬Ҳ֪ôοһʱֻ̾Ϣ
ʱƣâ˸֮䣬ȭͷСĽӲӵĹӣ͸ŨԵò
ɣҶĿʱˣǵһ˵ĵرҲ֪ʲôôȻܹǳӲһеɱ֣϶ͬ졣
ֻҶ첻޹ɱ˶ᱦˣҪǻǳӵĻ˵ɱ˶ᱦûԹˡ
һ̹Ȼ֮ɫҶ죬వҡͷͬţҶǳǿˣ츳ԣ˫ȫһģЦԼ֮ǰȻˣ
һ̾ཫݸҶ죬ͷ˵ȷûҶӳ֣һᱻǳɱĻᶼûˣ͸Ҷӣл
ﲻˣҳֶԸǳӣҲΪ֮ǰԹҲȫΪ˾㣬㻹ɣϾġҶЩĶ漴ҡͷ
Ϊ˼Ҵ綼ˣĶҶ첻£ϾγҲȫΪ˾ࡣ
ȻҶ̹ϣȴиɵÿ˵Ҷӹ䣬ֻҶԣҴģҲԸʹã͸Ҷ㣬ŴŵĻҲһͬġ
⡭ҶЩԥл̫ˣȴǲ˼¡
˵꣬Ѿ˹ҶΣֻܽ¡
ɣŵҩ͸㣬ŽҶһ£ȡžת𵤵ݸࡣ
౾ҪܾǿҶᶨĿ⣬ֻ£ҲΪŵҩԱȵ
໹Ǻʵתʲôҩһǵһ˵أ
תǾ칬ĵҩȥô꣬Ҳ֮лмأȴǲ
Ҷ쵱ЦŽ͵ǻָԴĵҩڳһţƾͻָ߰˳ɣҪ˼£ȫָˡ
ʲôԶʱ𾪲ѣҪ֪ԪˣⵤҩȻҲָܻ
ֱǾĵҩսʱԸıս֡
ĵҩҲˡ
൱ҡͷôĵҩ¡˵վ뻹Ҷ죬Ҷɲܡ
Ҫǲ£ǾͰҲûȥɡҶ˵
⡭ðɣʱЦҳһžתԿ˲ƾͻָ߰˳ɣʣµҩڼָơ
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಻ɵмؿҶ죬ֵҩԺǳӣҲΣˣҪȼվѪˡ
ˣ֪ʲôôҶ쿴ƻָĲ࣬ɵúʵ
һ㶣ȵҶӾȻ֪ôƻĵҩ
ĵʲôҩҶ첻ɵʵЩʥǿ߲֪ţϾֻȻ
ƺҲ뵽Ҷ𾳽磬͵ĵ߽ıʱסĵҩֵҩٽıͲκΣˡ
ȻˣҶʱ־ϲ
ıΣգҶǳҾŴı䣬ԽԽѣʥҲɾŴı䡣
ֻҪҪ񾳽磬ǾͱҪɾŴı䣬£ĵҪͿ֪ˡ
ѹǳӻ᲻ϧɱڣҲҪ
˵ǳлĿټôƳ߿Żĵ˳ߴı䡣
ǳӼȻѾʥ磬ôѾı䣬߿ŻĵϾɾŴı䣬ƾܹкܴʳΪʥԺΪлᡣ
ҵԣı䲻⣬ʱٷŻĵһɾŴı䣬ԲˡҶ찵뵽Щ˷ܣû뵽Լ־ྐྵȻǺкñ
䣡
ȻһɺƴƥɨſֲѹһԵ඼е
ҶӵʥԪ񣬴ʱҲе𺳣ɵþʥǿߣ
ô᣿ԶʱľȻʥǿԨһ޼ɵ̽
õģʦ𣡡Ҷ漴˵֮лָϾʹиܵһϤϢѪħʥϢ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôѪħʥˣҶ컹ϷųԼϢ
Ƭ̣ѪħʥӰԶȻﲻ˲ƣٶȺ˲Ƽˣɼʵ֮ǿ
ͽѪħʥһҶ죬ʱ˿Ҳ¶Цݡ
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ൣΣգұˣһ鶼ûУʵǿٰѪħʥЦܵҶǿ˺ܶ࣬ӽʥˡ
ˣλǣѪħʥ漴һԵ࣬ʥŮӣǷǳټѲԼͽҵһ֪ˣ
ƺѪħʥеϷŰ֮ɫҶæݣҽǳĶԹҲ˵˳
ǳӣǳǸСӰɣߣһǸСѾͷ㿴˵۹̫ˣͽܾͱǳǿһٱѪħʥһ漴˵
ʦ𣡡ҶЦæʾԼûйϵ
ѵÿҶ˱飬ѪħʥЦ
һԵЩɬ͵͵Ҷһۣɫͨ졣
ΣչͷҶ£ٽǳӺҶһԱȣò˵еȷҶ˺ܴĺøС
Ҷƺæ⣬˵ʦ㲻ǿʱûлȥΪڴ˵ɱ֮飬֮ǿȣʮ֮飬ҵܹﵽʥˡ
ʲôɱ֮飿ѪħʥԵɴ۾֮ɫ˵Щ֮ɲɱһһȺһ𣬾ΪʦɱҲףܹȳ̶ȣɱ˽ٸ֮ɣôģ
һԵҲ𾪲ѣǷǳ֮Ŀ£Ҷ쾹Ȼɱ˽ٸ֮飬ʵֲ̫ˡ
ٺ٣һһһŹɱҶЦ
⵹һ⣬ʵƺɱ֮ɣѪħʥЩɻ
ʦ𣬵ҽаħأаѧ˾Ĺ似ƾҿʥԪԸЩ֮鲢ѡҶ͵
Ѫħʥʱ뵽˵Ҷ޴ڲԵʱʩչľ񹥻似Ӷܳ·棬ɵһȻ֮ɫ
СӵǺΪʦҲ似ѪħʥʱĽѡ
ʦ𣬵а̷ģ⴫似Ҷæ˵漴ͱѪħʥϡ
ýͣ似а̿϶㷢ĵģ似ȻãΪʦôȴ󡣡Ѫħʥҡͷ
ʥʥԵĶȻҲʥΣԸȲεǿߣѧҲãΪ޷ʥĸ˺


897 ̫
似ҲΪҶſʥԪܱǿǵʥԪô޷ƶԷķˡ
ǳشΪԪ̫ˣҶ̫ˡ
似Ѫħʥ˵ȴûжô
ҶҲԣ˵ʦһʮ֮飬˼ҼȻˣͰһɡ
СӵǰעΪʦˣаΪʦɱҲףʦͽһ֡ѪħʥЦ
Ҷ˵ͷȻѪħʥʵǿ󣬵ȴᾫĹ似ɱ֮׶١
˺֮£ȴһɱ֮飬һݣҶͱ˴ʥ
ˣ֮ûжôˡ
ﵽʥҶԨҲûˣѪħʥһ뿪Ԩ
úǷֱ𣬲Ҷпȥ͡
ҶԴҲûоܾο϶ǳˣ˵ĵ˾ѣȻҪùϵ
ѪħʥıӰЦͽСѾͷƺе˼ҿ㲻ˡ
ʦЩΪϲŶҶЦ
Ϊʦɲ˵ЦѾͷﵽʥ磬Ԫܰ䡣Ѫħʥ˵գ̾˿֪ܲΪʦҲһ֪ϧûнʥ磬Ԫľ
Ҷû뵽Ѫħʥľɵú
֪Сϼﻹм֪ǵ츳ѽʥ磬ȵǧ֮һȥѪħʥ̾
ҶԳĬȻ֪Ѫħʥ˵ĲǼ֪ľѩ֮⣬ʣµĶѽʥ硣
аڣʱһЩۻȴҲܹǳΪʥ
ֻа벽ʥʹþۻһֻôﵽҪõ츳ҲϵҩҲܹ벽ʥ硣
ѩ׻Ů¾޷𾳽ˡ
ҲҶеʹ
ҲʵǿˣδزҵʺǵıҶ찵뵽û׷
ݴ½ܴѱʲôʵ
ųĬҶ죬ѪħʥûмԣҶ쳯޴ܲ˲ƶȥ
Ѫħʥͳ׼õĲѾҶˣڻص޳ǺҲݽҶ죬Լֻһݾ͹ˡ
һҶݣ㹻תսڰ˲ˡ
ȻٲϣҪҶԼˡ
ںˣ
Щ飬ҶѪħʥǣ׼ں磬Ҳ׼ȥˡ
޴ڣҶһ»ĵϢֵ֪ҩƣʥʦƵĳ
ʦݴ½ҲΪ࣬ǳ붯ƻĵ
ݴ½ȴҲһλɢʦסھŶǣֻܴҪһۣǿö
ŶǾɽԶҪȥһˣҲ˳·Ҷ찵뵽
뿪޳֮ҶۣһƧϡٵĵطʼںС硣
Ϊ˴ʥҶںСǳ˳٣ȴش
ƾǿսףټϷһžת𵤣Ӳͦ˹
䣡䣡
һʧҶʣµС磬ʱ貵Ĺâ
ֹâѾǽɫˣǱ˻ɫͬʵһԭȵСǿ౶
СϢƺ޼磬ѧԺԺС磬ЩơҶϸ۲ԼʣµС磬ɻ
Ҫ֪޼磬ѧԺԺռ䣬С硣
˵ҶСѾС
ȻֻһҶСûСôӴ
һں磬ʹС緢˷츲صı仯ҶȻֱ֪仯ʲôЧȴоԼСøǿʵˡ
Ψһ绹һ֪һɹҵСᷢʲô仯Ҷڴѡ
Ψһ磬ʷûгֹҲɹ·ȴûϢҲ١
һֻҶԼȥ̽Ѱ
ţΨһ粻ʧģϲѡ
ͽ칬ʥӵѾ¶ǳϢҶĿռ𶯣һϢ
ʱҶոնɹ٣ڻָƣȻյѪħʥϢ
ݴ½ÿռģҶʱѪħʥͨ
ǳӵûзŹֶΣߣҶ΢΢ߣǳӻй¶ݣԤϡ
ڵѾںй¶ˣѾ㹻ʵȥݴ½ǿˡ
գҶѪħʥϢ
úҲϢ޴ڵʥҲϢʾǳ𺳣ȻҲû뵽Ҷ쾹ȻǾ칬ʥӡ
Ҫ֪칬ȻһֱڱЩɴûо칬ʥӳ֣ݴ½ϵǿ󴫳С
ڣǳӴϢһΰҶƵ˷˼⣬ݴ½䶯ˡ
ͬʱҶ컹õһϢ˵ʥ˺ǳΪȥ֮ǳȻ¶ˡ
ǳһĴۣ֮±ʹ˰ˡ
ҵõĲֲһʥʧˣȻ˫ĳȴû˻⣬ֻǿѹѡ
ҲµĹȻûִ׿սҶõϢ󣬲ûκξȡ
ʥˣǳݴ½ǿ֮һּһսôֱ޷սΣֻܾˣ˭Ҳ޷ܡ
ȥŶˣȽĵ˵
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣㳯ȥ
ǰĵطΪڵɽŶҲ򣬶ҷƹҲ
ΪҪȥ֮·ǳ֣ԽԽǿ߾ۼ
ܴ룬Ҷ˲ٶȣҲ˽һʱ䡣

ʱԶһ޴ʯϣųɰǧ̻Ի͵ĹһɹǿϢɢ
һ֮Уɫ۵߾ۼһɫصؿǰ
һԵ÷ǳϣǻڹϵƤϵģ͸µĺۼ·¡
һǲǰŻġ
ˣȻҶ죬ͬɫǳֻۣ΢ͬ
ƤҶ죬еۣԵúᡣ
µһҶ죬ȻͬᣬȴԵúܳȣͬʱɢһǿѹȸУ˸еļ¡
ʱصؿҶ죬ɫǳࡣ
ҶҲǳԾ칬ͬݣͬװͬɣʣǺţˣȷͬһˡһ߳˵˼ž
ǣģӦúǵڿ̫ʱǿߣô֪Ľ죬һҶˣһŵ
ڵΥߣȥݴ½һˣλСסܵ㡣Ϊ׵һ˵
һԣ˵ͷȥ
뿪֮ҾʾˣɫĴ֣ɢŹϵϢ
̫


898 

ŶǣΪʮʥ֮һӵĳǳأ߷ǳ࣬۵ǣǿ洦ɼ
ңŶǵҵ䷢˶͵Ӻĵҩݴ½ء
ɣһǳֺͷٵĳǳء
ǣŶһɲ÷С޴ĳǰһ𾳽Ľȵ
һߣۻʣ𾳽ǿߣʵʵŶӽڡ
ʱһȺ˴ŻѣӲԶշֱӽڣŵĽʿûκ
ʲôˣ˵ڲ÷𣿡ɻ
׳գŶǲܷУʥµǿߣղһ֮ʥڡһλϱ˵ղܵһǿʥ
ԶʱȻ
ʥǿߣǾԳȻġ
㵤ݴ½ĵλܸߣҲԸκһλʥǿߡ

һȺ˴зɽŶǡ
ô£ȻʥǿŶˡ˶ʱ𾪲ѡ
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Ҳ˵ӴڱչƵҩǻھŶǡ˵
۷׷ףһ̸߽һ߽Ŷǡ
ԶУһɫǳ۵̤նųڷȥ
ţŵĽ꣬ͫײɵһ漴ص˵ͷ
ҲͷƮƮؽŶǣûܵκ
ղǺɣôɽȥˣһλʿЩɻʵ
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˻콾ϵǿҲˡʿ𺳣Ҫ֪콾ϵǼ콾ɶǷǳصģÿһݴ½ķ
λ콾ʿɵúʵ
Ҷ죬һԺǿӣǰʱ䶯ݴ½ľ칬ʥӡҵ˵ղſҶʱҲ𾪲ѡ
ڵҶ죬ݴ½֮ˡ
ΪǰãһڵķưʱѾҶ콾Ǽλ콾С
ңҶǾ칬ʥӵݣҲ֮
Ȼ֪ҶĴҶĻѾϵĸ߲֮䴫鿪ˡ

һŶǣҶ㽵£һ˾ηͺĿУʧȺ
ŶǺ֣
ȺҶ쳯ŵڵȥ
ǵӽʥλʥʦҲݴ½һǿ
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֪ҩ󣬶˵ǼǲȱٵĶΪˣʦݴ½ĵλܸߣǵʥʦǾǷʥҲҵ
еԸﵤּʦΪеƵҩʱ򣬶Ҫּʦæ
ΪˣȻʵǿȲʥءȴûԸ
λھŶģռܴǳֵĵط
˵λ֮⣬ʦЩǵӵͽͽϾּʦҲֻЩ֮ƣߣͽͽӦ
֮Ҷҵһλ£˵Լݡ
Ҷ죬ѧԺӣ޴ڳϣ칬ʥӵȵȣҶû˿أԼ
Ͼּʦɲʲô˶ܹģû㹻ݣ˵Ƶҩˡ
Ҷڵݺ͵λʵ㹻ˡ
ԭҶӣһλۣӡ֤Ҷ֮󣬶ʱѣҶĹ԰
԰Ӵ˵ĵطҲҪʥصĳϼĴڲܽ롣
ʱ԰Ѿס˲ˣڿҶ쵽󣬶ȵĿͶ˹мص˵ͷ
ȻǶϳҶ죬зǳ𶯡
ҶͬȲѣЩ֮У˺üǿţͬǳһʥ磬ʵﵽСʥ۷塣
ȻЩ˾ʥصǿš
Ҫ붯ƻĵҲһ׵飬֪ҪʲôۣҶ찵뵽漴ԼסĵطĿ˼
ûѵͣӶڴһپܾҪƵҩҲҪ۵ģϾ˼ҺûʲôϵƾʲôѰƵҩҪ֪ƵҩǷǳķģЩǿĵҩÿһΣӶĺܴ
ԣҪƵҩҪۣƵҩĵȼͬҪĴҲͬ
ĵֶĵҩҪĴۺܸߡ
ҶЩȻҷ񣬵󲿷ֶתսڰ˲ĲϣʣµıѾˣ㲻˵ӡ
ҶҲʹ˷ĵһҪɵġ

ɽһ֮Уϥһߣ׷ͯգѳͬһ㡣
ǵӡ
ʱüͷؿһŹϵĵ߶ʲô
Զһ֮Уð̡
ʦ棡ԶһӣȲڿӺȴ֮ɫ
ӼˣɵüͷɫõСʲôǲдˣϷ˵ٱ飬оʱţǼš
ӰЦݴ½ܹЩʥصǿ߸ɵţҷŭҲֻеˡ
ȻҲǳʸ
뵽ǰ¹µӲɵһ˵ʦ棬Ŀݷͬһ㡭
𣿾ǼǿҲǸϷšԲشϣΪʦǷʥ⡣
ӿЦʦ棬˽Ҷ죬ӦҲ֪ɡ
Ҷ죿Ǿ칬ʥӵǸҶ죿ԣüͷһɫʱһЩû֮ǰôˡ
ǰʱ䣬ΪǳҶǾ칬ʥӵݣǺ䶯ݴ½Ȼǳ
Ǵӣæ˵
Ǿ콾ݣǾ칬ʥӵݣκ˲Сæӡ
콾ݴ½ǿһţǶгΪʥǱǵҲҵ
Ҷ컹и칬ʥӵݣȻ칬Ѿûܶ꣬Щûһ˳֡
Ϊһʥӷǳ칬ĵ̣ϹʱĳɣûֻʣһˣҲԸıݴ½ĸ֡
գӶ˵ǴɣЩֻһ˹
ΪҶ⵽Ӿǰء
ҶԼ֪ڵݺ͵λκ˶ҵ


899 λ˽
󣬹԰
ҶĿϢͻȻܵϢɵ۾
Ժ棬꣬һŮУ֮ܣɢǿʥƳ죬ɲǳ֮¡
˽ܣһԾݴ½
ڣȴһӳ
Ҷ첢ûоȣΪ֪˳ʥأͬǰĹ
ңڲǰҶ쵽ʱҲˣص˵ͷ
Ҷ΢΢˼漴ӭ˵ãʧԶӭ
ðˡһʺЦ
Ҳ¶ЦݣֻһųЦЩǿܾöûЦƵģЦȿ޻Ҫѿ
ŮӣһˮɫĳȹѩףòʲͬȾһһЦ֮ǣҶ춼̾ѡ
Ȼ֪ΪˣҶ컹ǿؽ˽
£ǰڵĺ˵Ҷ֣ǲҪҪύһҶ֡
һһŮҲ΢Цŵͷ
ܹʶλҲҶĳҡҶ쵭Ц
ݺʵܹʥصĹעһҲû⡣
ʥص˵ȷǽҶţҵλ֮£ȻҲҪ𽾰
ǰλ˵ҽһ£ս磬սңҶӦ֪սҰɣ
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ЩʥصţȻһݴ½֣ǳ͵ȴ޴м¼
սңǳ
֪ʥɺܶʥɵˣսұǿʥأû֮һǾԵǿ
սս졢սءս󳬼֣ȫʥ۷ǿߣƻһʥڡ
ʵѾˡ
սսһǿ֮һʵ츳ЩŲ١
ǵ˽֮һھ콾
ˮ칬⹬ӣ˵ҲͬˡʲŮ΢Ц˵
칬⹬
Ҷ΢΢ȣû뵽칬⹬ˣһǳԺⲻľѩڵĵط
ӿʶһλľѩŮӣҶ첻ɵʵ
ˮЦ˵Ǳѩʦðɣʦ²õĹŵӣ츳ȺҼλʦõ׷ܹŵݴ½Ҷӵ츳Ҫ׷Ļкܴܵġ
ҶЦ׷ƨԼˡ
ˮĻУҶԿóľѩںйúܺã˲١
Ҷ漴Ǹųӣֻʣûнˡ
Ҷ˵ʮɽׯ
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ܴĵطҶȻ
ңһɽׯׯʥһǿߣĶӽ޳콾ϵľ콾
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⽣ʮҲһһɽׯׯЩƣǽū
ʮǳãΪǿ츳Աȥ˽ūݣһɽׯׯΪ״ӡ
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һԵս״ʱ֪Ҷˣ͵Ҷ֣ʮѾﵽֻнľ磬ܶ˭ֱ飬㲻Ҫ⡣
ҶԻȻ֪к֣ܶһ־ʮѽıԼҪҪ˲ʺ˽ԸĮ¶
Ҷȴֽ֧ΪòǽǵӦΪֻڽܱ͵Խ
ֽޱˡ
ʮֽ޵ʵǳǿ󣬶ҽ޵Ĺ˫Ҷ첻С
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һ壬ʵ츳֮¡һˣˮһŮӣǵǵʥŮҲһ
Ҷ֣һ򽾰ԴԲǷǵʥŮǳӵδޣ֪ġս΢΢Ц
ҶԲ÷ȻǳԨһսϢѾഫȥˣӦǽ˱ǳӣϾǳӱҶܶǷǳʵ顣
ǵʥŮȻǳӵδޣôȻԼˡ
ѹֵʱܵɵ⣬һǵʥŮɡҶ찵뵽
ĵ⣬ҶҲǳΪ칬ڵж
ǿ֮һǵǳҲȲǣΪһλԶʱһλĺ
Ϊǵ֮ߣԳΪ壬˵ĺ죬Ȼ
죬һΪ·ֱеۡʡϣÿһΪˣǿ֮һ
ϵһľš
ݴ½
Ҷգ̾ѡ
ȻڵʵѾʼӴݴ½ˡ
ЩʥصţԺľ֡
˼̸ڽ̸֮УҶҲ˵Ը
ʮĮԣ˵˽̸˵Ҳֻм֣ǳࡣ
ˮЩƤҶϤ֮󣬾ͳЦҶ죬˵ҪҶľѩýҶ֮ûľѩŵ˵
սΪˬ˺˲øУĻ࣬ڼ֮Ծ
̸۵أ̸֮·
֮·ϾҪˣҪ뵤ӴʦΪһöʥȽʥ֮Ҿǰ֮·սЦ˵
ʥֶҩҶҲ˵˵Сʥ۷ʱֵҩһϵļܹʥ磬Ȼĵļֵ١
ˮҲˣҲǴСʥ۷徳磬ȻǺսһĴ㡣
ǸǵʥŮĴ㡣
ʮһ潣޳ģΪ޳ҲҪʥˣǲǰõһҪһöĵһı䡣
ҶЦҲõҲƻĵġ
սʱĽ֮ɫ˵ĵǺöϧ̫ѵˣǮҲ򲻵ĵر޴Ҳֶ
ˮҲĽѡ
˵޳ƺǰ׼ʥˣôϵڣսɻؿʮ
ʱʮóһŽɫӣиս֣⣬͸ǿĽս⡣
ս
սˮʱһ
ʮҶ죬Į˵սΪǰ֪ݴ½λԱѹΪϣһս
ǽʮ˵һ仰ˡ


900 ޵־
Žʮеսս硢ˮһ
޳˭˲֪ҶҪܶ꣬Ѿﵽ𾳽磬Ϊ콾ϵľ콾
ңڽ޳µ̫ˣģҲʥصġ
Ϊǿ֮һݴ½ܹҵеȴҲԽ
ս硢ˮ۷ţòʰ·硣
λ콾Ҷսλ콾սԼκ鶼Ҫ𺳣һȥݴ½Ҫ䶯
ʵʮα׼껤ĵ֮ȥ޴սֻû뵽Ҷ죬ʡȴһ鷳
޳Ҳһս
Ҷ΢΢һ½ʮ˵
һλ콾ԼսȻȴڵʵѾʸȥӭݴ½ŵսˡ
ңҶͺЩǿһսˡ
а֮ӡϷ꣬ǸۼҵĵҶеǿ֡
ֻЩͬȼǿսһԽԼͻƼޣյ۷塣
ҶӦԼһԵսˮһϳڴ֮ɫ
ʱʮеĽɫսɢʵĹâҶȥٶȻȴرǿѹ֣ڳ˶ܵһҪľ⡣
ⲻͨսн޳ľ⣬Ҫ̽һҶ֡ս˵
ս֮У⣬ǳǿȻûбѾڳСʥ۷ǿ߸ܵһ˿ѹˡ
Ҫ֪ڵĽ޳ûͻʥ磬ȻѾôµĽ⣬һͻƣǸܹȼ
ҶɫҲǳأԷͬ𣬶ұΪѾ۵˽ʥľ磬ʵȻֲ
ҶȻţСκˣ콾ϵľ콾
ৣ
ŻӽԼսҶ֣ս̽ȥٶͬ
ʱʮڣս˶Ѿ˲ǿš
˽Ҷֻ֡
䣡
Ҷִɫսһ˲䣬һɿֲľȻһ˲ϯĽ籩һ޵е־Ҷշѹ
ǽ޳޵־
һҶ޷־ôսͻ飬Ҷûʸܽ޳ս
Ȼ콾սô׽µġ
ȣ
ʱսҲͺһ߾ȫֵ޵־
Ȼ޳־ҪҶ죬ನȴǲֵң˷ϯȥ
ⲻԾεѹƣΧӶûһٻֻս˸ܵĲ
ҾͲŵֵסನսҧ־ŭֻǽ޳޵־ನҲֵסôԺ˵ս޳ˣºͽ޳սʸûС
һԵĽʮˮʱҲͷˮܵ˾޴ѹ
޵־ֻԾΣԼʵﵽСʥ۷壬Ҳû˿Ч
¡¡
ε־ҶڵΪģ˷ϯȥӵסŶǡ
һ˲䣬Ŷϵǿߣܵǿ־ѹơ
ۻȫ鲻ԽرԼϢȫֵ޵־
Ȼ־ͬˮһ㣬಻ԽԽǿ
أһһۣһһȫɫҰ׵ڵ£г˺Ȼ
Ǹֵס޵־飬Ȼû˺ȴѾ˲ĥӡ
ԺһԽ޳᲻սܣΪѾ޳־ˡ
˭־ΪôֲǴҶСﴫģܣּ־
԰֮УһҲȫֵǿ־
ߵˣѾ־֮ˡ
ԶҲǵʥŮĽȻҲڵֵ־
֮УҲܵ޵־û˿ֱֵˡ
޳СԽԽǿˣҪҶԼս𣿡
۾Ŀ⿴԰ķ
һν޳֪ǽ޳־ûеֵѡֱ䡣
˵ⲢϾʦͲʺսοԽ޳ǵȲεľ콾
²⣬޳ûͻȻɽ⣬пܾǽ޳ĳλǿԼս
뵽Ҷ쵽ϢϾͲµλ콾һˡ
ݴ½Ҫ䶯ˣϷҲǳڴ콾սǷǳټ
Ц˵


ҶΪ޳޵־Ҫܵѹս˵İٱ֮ϡ
ͬʱǹеľ⣬ֱӹҶ
ռ
Ҷдһ
ռ
޵еĵ⣬Ż·ĩһ㣬뽣޳ǹɾݺݵײһ
䣡
ҶռշѹʵƳ
ͬʱҶǹɴӱʮ˹һ·ĥ¶ǿ־ݺݵӭȥ뽣޳־ײϣһһը
ǿĵ⣡ˮ𾪵ؿԶҶ졣
սͽʮҲ𾪵̧ͷȻû뵽޳ľⱻҶô͹ˡ
ʣ޵־ûɾ֧ţȻѾκβҶˡ
Ȼûһ콾Ǽ򵥵ս΢΢¶ɬЦݣҲݴ½۷ţҶ졢޳һȣͲԶˡ
һԵˮͽʮҲ˵ͷǺսһţȻսеĿɬ
ҲͬУЩ콾ͬһʱעֻǡ
ߣ
ͻȻһߴ
ֻҶѾ۾еսսС֮УΧ޵־˲ʧһƬ
ȻѾס˽޳־ˡ
һϷҪˣˮƤЦЦֻǲ԰׵ףԵЩΡ
ȻҲס˽޳޵־ನĺܴ󣬿νǾƣߡ
սЦݵؿʮ˵ɽׯúҪΪˣ
ʮԲ÷
룬սԻߵЩʥصҲȱϯݴ½ǿŵս·ʥҪע
ת潣޳úһǰɽׯҶ쿴ʮ֣ص˵
ʮĮص˵ͷ
ҶӣʦѾˣףλҲڰʱԺ⣬һЩǱˡ
ӴʦҲˣҪҶְȻ֪Ҫȵʲôʱ򡣡ս粻ɵЦ
ˮҲ΢΢Ц
ڨڨһЦǷǰ֪ǵģû뵽·ǹ޵е־ûŴˡ
ˣλղô£Щʵ
սԿҶ죬Ҷ˵ͷЦղǽ޳ҶֵսѾҶֽˣúǻɽׯһսôãµʱûʱȥս
ԣ۾ʱһ˷ּܵսչҲҪȥս


901 
콾սʥǿߵսѷɫֻҪߣû˻Ըս
ʮӣҸһȥȥɽׯռλ˵һ˷ܵشչ˵
սЦСһʦȴսôȤСĵӴʦʦš
ӣһæ˵λǿɣһҪ֪ͨλ
Ҷ켸ҲõҩԵ˵ͷһ뿪ˡ
ǰǵʥŮڵԺӣ֪ͨһȥӡ
λĳţոҲͬսһܵǹ޵е־ȻյɫЩ԰ףԵЩǱ
Ҳ֪ǹ޵־ҶﴫģټϱͶҶе⣬ʱһҶ֣ǹɵǿˡ
ǵʥŮõ㣬ǰ׳գҶȻԴǳӣôȻҲǶ֣ԲҶ졣
ǿ̫죬һʱŵؿڵСӣղǹ޵־ô£˵
ȫһ˵ķǳ˳ڣȻԸһˡ
һԵǵʥŮԣɵ۾һаϲͲҶϡ
սˮüĿг񣬲ҲԸɵýĿ⿴Ҷ졣
ȻҶֱֱӴ߹ȥ
Сӣ㻰أû𣿡һ漴ŭȻٶŭȵ
ҶȻĴڣתͷ㵵սˮ˵ôǲ𣿵õҩȥһ
⸱Ƶ⸱ӵ̬ȡ
ʱоԼһСһһͨһƬȻֱӳ֣Ҷ졣
ȻˣֱӵҶǰȵס֣ս뿪󡣡
ǰҶѾŭھһССͽҲҺǳԼͻȻоôˣʲôʱˡ
Сӣ֪˭𣿡Ȼջƣһ˫ɭӣȴˡ
⻰˵ģͬҲ˵Ҷġ
˲£˵Ƿʥ𣿻Ǹ峤
ʱһϡ
ǣǾûʸҰ˵
㡭ŭβƵҩһǰСӡ
ҲʲôطȻҰǰ׳աˮһ֮ɫ
˵ʲôŭݵصˮȻ˸Լˮһ˿ɵ֮ɫȻſ񣬵Ҳ֪칬⹬١
߰ɣûʱ˷Ҷ쿪˵
ǿˣȻ츳ǻȴдߣҲʲôطҲԵʲôˣ͸ôš
ҲֻǵʥŮЩɵǵǳˣ֮㲻죬Ҳ¡
սȻȲ죬ʥˣԲ
ˮľ칬⹬͸Ӳ˵ˡ
Щ⣬Ҫ֪кܶʥضûּʦģæʥ̫ˡ
˭뵤ΪУǱЩʥΪУҲԸԡ
οȻʵǿ󣬵ȴûּʦһҲŶˡ
֣ҶǾ칬ʥӣ㻹ǲҪΪҲ߰ɡǵʥŮ˵
Ȼ˵Ҷ˶ʥĴڣô
䣡Ҷ쵭ؿһǵʥŮЦ
սˮҲüؿ˹ԼͬһȻ
ȴŭͷϣ⸱ʱиӷŭˣмߵ칬ߣѾϹʱˣ칬ʣ¼ˣ
˵ţɭؿҶ죬Сӣ뿪Ŷǣһ֪
ݴ½ÿȥкܶ࣬ҲһҶЦһȥ
սҶȥ
һ˹ȥһ·ϣҶıӰ˷ڵɱ⡣
úϥĵӡ
Ӵʦ
Ӵʦ

ս˿ҶҲˡ
ֻһû˵
ӵҲ˵ֱˣ̿Ҷ죬ЦλҶСѰɣȻ鴫
ʦˡҶ΢Цȴ˿ʦԼЩøУƻĵļ۸Ӧûٵ㡣
û취Ϊռתսڰ˲ĲϣѾҵˣòмֵĶ
ңϴλᱱǽ౦Ҷҡ
ҶЩתսڰ˲Ĳ⣬ֻʣ½޵ļԼõƷһ
ʦڷ𣿡ս翪ʵ
ҲɵĵĻ
Ц˵û⡣
漴ٴοҶ죬ЦҶСѣҪʲôҩȰƣ˰󵽵˳򡣡
Ҷһ㶣û뵽ӾȻ˿
սˮҲһ㶣ǲǰ׳գܿ뵽еԵɡ
ȻӵĵλȻʵϾ̫һʲôˣ˵ͻὫˣҲԼݣϵȥύЩǿߡ
ʥϵǿߣвǵӵĺѣΪˣһʥزŻԵӷǳ
ҶȻûʵȴ츳ˣȻǵӿύĶ
Դˣսˮûʲô⣬ǸҶϵҲû⡣
һԵȴٶȷŭˣΪʲôСӣѵϼһûҿ죬찡
ֱ޷ˣŵȵƾʲôģСӺģΪʲôҪƵҩϼһҪΪҾͲҰô
˶ʱһ㶣漴ɵ񿴰׳һ
ξǵʥŮûվǱߣҲͬ׳һ
ӵɫһڿˣֻɫһƬ䡣
ע⵽ɫս磬ҡͷͲ׳һ
ˮЦ
Ҷһû˵һһٶԣҲֻֻûжֵġ

г֮ɫڿˣֻһ֣ȴԼŭ
һûӦ㶵ؿŵӡ
Ϸ̹Ŷǣһ֪ĳϣϷһԺ˾ͲŶˡ˵
ûðɣɱصŵӣŭȵƥ˵ʲô֪˭ŲھͲ󡣡
û˵սվ˳ߵΪбսΪС
ҲǾ칬⹬ΪУˮҲǰ
ǵʥŮҲˣȻû˵վڵߵġ
ҶͽʮҲˡ
״ʱˡ


902 
λȫڵǰעеһϢ
ٰ׳գҲ֪첻Ķ֣ʥ˻޴ڣ߾칬⹬ƽ
ǵҲǺǳͬˣʵӽ졣
ֻȻû뵽˾Ȼһ֮ǰԼ˵ǵʥŮҲˡ
ǡ㡭㶵أš
սߵȰ㻹ϻȥʵʵغ쳤ϽȻɡ
ﲻܹĵطˮЦ
ٸҴСУ㣡ʮĿ䣬еƶ䶼ˡ
ǰ⼸λʵԼ֮µţսȭͷŭãҼסˣòҪ֮·Ͽǡߣ
һвĻЩǱֱӷ
вǣȻȥôĳϽսҡͷЦ֮ɫ
Ҫ֪Ȼǿ󣬵ȴûеּʦǶԵΪ𾴣˵ӣЩϲŹ
ֻսû뵽쾹Ȼ⣬治֪ЩĳôˣȻҲûע⵽ⷽɣû뵽߲еĵλô߰ɡ
ûм뿪漴ӡ
Ц˵ζлˣƵĵҩǴۡ
ս۾ʱһвɵ֮ǰͦ
Ҫ֪ƵĶǶҩҪķѵĴ̫ˣܹۣʡ˲ٱ
лӴʦ
æ˵
ҶǿѯʵʦҪƻĵ֪Ҫʲôۣ
ЩǴۣҲڿԸģҪȴۣԺơ
Ц콾ϵţһϷƵҩһѣԺۡ
ս硢ˮ΢ЦȻ֪顣
ֻǵʥŮĽͼʡ
Ҷû뵽ɵþޱȡ
սЦҶֲؾȣǾ콾ЩʥϵǿҲ˴֮⣬ʥҲ˴
˵գҲĽ֮ɫ
Żݣݴ½۷ǿߣǾݴ½ǿš
ȻҲΪˣӲŲκ˭ðŵôǿߺΣնﵤӡ
ҶӣʵˣȥɽׯѰ󱦽ҲĴߵǵȴǷǳźˮЦ
һԵĽʮԣĮص˵ͷ
ģɽׯģȻɽׯʵѾǿˣȻֶȥύǿߺţҲʹûĸɽׯ
ҶҲоЩźϧԼߵĲǽҲûжʧѾʮֵѵǶʥõʥˡ
ˣǰƵҩĲ϶ɣһºٹȡӿ˵
ԣʱѾ׼õȡ˳ڿҶóʱ˶һ
Ҳ֮ɫЦҶСѺ
ʦˣֻҪΪɣкñҶЦ˵ƺָ
˶ףֻǵʥŮ֪Ҷ˵ʲô΢΢һ
ЩӦöǳӵģֻţû뵽˾ȻǸҶ졣
źòϣٴλص԰
ûãս硢ˮʮٴǶҶȥŶõľ¥һۡ
µʱգۼ
һ죬ҶռȴӴʦͻȻ
ͬʱսҲˡ
϶ɻ֮ɫƺô˵ҩŶ԰
ʱɫ˼λˣղյϢľͽܱ󺣡Ҳֻ֪ȻдʥΪսǣϣοԳȡ
ʲô
󺣣
սǵʥŮʱ
ҶҲɫޱȣ˵ĲĳһƬ򣬶һ纣ˮһĵط
Զʱһɽڣ֣ͬɵĵߵ·ǵ󷨾˫о˿ɱ
󺣱ԭɽţȻѾûڵˣ֮еЩȻת
ԣ֪ڲ似ȴҽȥ
ΪΪڵĻɽǿ󰡣ɱǿߣʥȥȫ
Ҳݴ½ڶǿΪݴ½Σյż֮һϹʱûмҽȥ̽
Щʵȥȴıżһֱñ
ǷģϾֻΧסˣൣ̫ʱ䣬ͲˣֱЩʥǿˡҲ֪󺣵Ŀ£æ˵
󺣾ŶǲԶ˲ƹȥһ¾͵ˣԵӲҶǰæϾҪǿߣµʱǸͽܶѾˡ
ս˵ɫȻޱȣȻֻΧҲΣأ˵ʵǲðա
Ϊһҩðգǻ
ǵɫɫһȻؼʱ̣Щ˻ǿס
ûΪǻҲȥա
գӳĬƬ̣漴ҧ˭ܾȳͽܣķȫԺȫۡңϷﻹһƳһöĵ˭ܾȳͽܣöĵ͸
սĿʱޱȡ
ջ̫ˣҲԸ
սĳȥһ̽Ҳ޷֤ܾܲȳϾţϾ̫֮ˣҪҵϾŶѡս翪˵
ˮͽʮҲԸæϾӸĴ̫ˣһɹôǲܹõһöĵܺЩ콾һӵԺ۵ŻȨ
ǵʥŮȴǸһûдӦ
ɫûб仯ֻ뿪ˣȻǳʧ
һҶҲ˵
Σ˵ս˾ޱȣҲޱȾȡ
Ҫ֪ҶǾ콾д۵ŻȨξɹȳӵͽܣҲֻǵõһöĵѡ
֮ΣأҶǿ츳ûҪΪһöĵͽȥðա
ҶСѣʥ磬һæڱϾֻǲ̫ǿˡɫЩӵ˵
ʦصģҶĳȻҽȥȻаաҶЦпռ֮Կκ˵󷨵Ŀǣս˵ƴˡ
ңҶʵҲǿսˡ
ðɣҶСѣȳͽܣôԺƵҩһѣÿֻΡм˵
ҶвɵôϲȻǺкñҪ֪Ϊ磬ԺƵҩ϶ǶҩֵҩҲֻеӿƣæĻкܶࡣ
һʡ౦ˣϾƶҩҪķÿɲС


903 콾Ͼ
ΪʱҶֱ̳˲ǰ󺣡
һ·ϣҲڱ˴˽š
ӴʦƺͽܷǳأȻԸ⻨˴ǳ֡ҶЩ˵
Ȼ޴ҲŵϣǶսţʦȴûϸעԲͽǺηʥ
ֻǵ˿ȻԷǳ
սԹЦҶ֣콾Ͼſɲ򵥣ˣͨƺΪ콾ϾţΪľ콾ĵһţųϹĩӵǿ츳ʦ
ˮҲ˵ͷ˵ϵ츳ȷ˫ݴ½ʮʥϵģΪϣԽʥﵽ񾳽ʦ
Ҷ԰ࡣ
ʥƶĵҩƴĻкܴƳ񼶵ĵҩ÷ʥȵĵҩ
ڴ񼶵ҩ֮ϣ񼶵ҩЩҩǶǶõĵҩ
ֻеƳ񼶵ҩ
һ콾ϾųΪôʣΪݴ½кˣеߣҵҪֺá£
һЩаħǿߣҲԸʦΪУϾû׼Ҳּʦ
ѹֵӴʦôżҶȻ
콾ϾΪ˷ǳ棬ֱ߻ħˡֻҪΪʵϧһдۣðһս˵
Ҷ˵ͷ
Ǵӵ֪콾ϾŽΪѰһֻ󺣲еϣǲȥģ콾ϾȻ͵͵ܽȥˡ
Ҫ֪콾ϾȻϵ츳ȺҲֻһԲ𣬶һǿҩѻȥģҶʱɱ
ˣҽ󺣣ֱѰ·
Ȼǵӷ콾Ͼŵû飬ĻΪѾˡ
ãֻǽ󺣵ΧҪǽΧߺĵĻôȥҲáˮ˵
󺣷ΪΧΧԼġ
УΧкܶ࣬ҲвۣߵĿɱʥ
Χȫǿɱʥ󷨣ǿɱʥ
ĵǶֲ󷨣ҲɱʥǿĿɱ񣬾˵ҲѴȥ
ȻҲᱻΪݴ½Σյż֮һˡ
˲һº󺣡
ûڣҲ˵˷ڣΪ󺣾һһɵĵطֻҪһȥͻ̤֮УΣˡ
ԣ濴ͷ·һƬɾŨİ֣Ʈ죬ǳ
Ũ񣬶һŵرϢҶ쾪ȵ
սЦȻ󺣿ǴԶʱñżĵرôѾΪݴ½õĵرˣЩ󷨿ԾۼҲǳŨ񡣡
󷨿ɱͷʥºܶҪﵱɽšˮҲ˵
Ҷ찵ҡͷֵطɱݴ½û˿Թơ
ȻħǼһﱻųĻǿԹּҲ
ôҪͷжһжսתͷˣѯʵ
ˮ˵һжĻʱȳ콾Ͼţη书أ
ңʱһ֣콾ϾļʾԽ󡣻ǷͷĶã̽ķΧܸҵҶͷ
ʮĮص˵ͷ
ս˵ðɣǷͷжڴ֮ǰȼ¼һ±˴˵Ŀռġ󺣺żͬﻹݴ½Ŀռ䣬ȫÿռĽ˭콾Ͼȴ޷ȳ㴫Ѷǡ
˵գսóԼĿռģĿռıһ֮Уâҫ
ˮҲһöռģһöָ֮Уʱʯ͸λðĹâ
ʮĿռһɫСϸСؿڡ
Ҷû뵽ҲпռģɵЩȣЩ˵ҲͲôˡ
Ҫ֪Щ˵Ǵ֮ϹʱĴɣӵпռҲͷǳˡ
˱˴˼¼¸ԵĿռģȻΪĸ򣬽֮ˡ
һ󺣣˱֮УΧȻҲɱʥǿ󷨣Ͼ٣ǵʵǳɵؾʹȥˡ
Ҷǰ󷨣ֻסһ۰˾żߣͨ˵ˡ
Ҷȴ󷨵ĺģһʯ󷨵ϸ⣬вõķ
ϧҶ첻󷨣ԾĽϸܹѺܳʱоҲ޷ó󷨡
Ҷͨʮ󷨣һ⣬ȫЩ󷨵ĺķͬʯǼ¼Щ󷨵ϸͲ÷
ЩĴУ
ҶһڿȷеĲ²ˡ
ԶʱڵɽţһɽţһЩǿĻɽ󷨾ˣλõȫԵֵˣٲЩͼ󷨣˷Դȫڼߡ
ͨЩ󷨺λõʯҶĿˣҲ֪ԼҪûˣԲŲô󷨣Χĵͼ󷨵һһ
ΪһλǿʦӶ̳ڵ²
ڵ˸һ㣬ǾǱΪĵͼ󷨣ȴݴ½󷨡
Ҫ֪ݴ½һȻһôû䣬ࡣ
ڵʦֻܲʼ󷨣һǾ󣬵һЩ󷨡
һЩʦҲֻܲóۼ󷨶ѡ
ͼ󷨾ۼģݴ½ʦδܹ͸˵ǿˡ
ԣµЩУһֱڣûܹ͸
ɱӦݴ½ǿĴ֮һˣҾôǰϧȴûܹܡҶ̾˿
ǰȴ޸ܣǺεȵı硣
Ҷ֪²µĿĵв٣ʵΪݴ½һû̫ˣҲ޿κΡ
ңһϾݴ½߶ϲԼʵ˭Щ¹
ϾʵԽǿԪԽ࣬Ϊо󷨶ķ̫ʱ䣬ô¾ͱʥˡ
󷨾ûˣټѧϰ󷨵ԽԽ٣ԾûԽԽˡ
ţ
ղʲô󷨣
ͻȻҶ쾪һһһ֮С
ղ̤Ǹ󷨣ȴû뵽ת֮䣬ͱһ͵ˡ
֮ôȷΪղҶֻ̤ۼ𣬶ȴ𼶱ͬ󷨡
ǣôһӾʹһ󷨱͵ˡ
ѵǴ󣡡
ҶͻȻ۾һ
ղǹɴ֮뵽˴


904 ռʯ

;һҲϲ֮һĿǰݴ½ȱٵҪ󷨡
Ϲĩʦо󣬵һû̫ˣоô꣬Ҳо
ڵĴ󣬶ǴϹʱģǳϡ٣ֻͨؾżѡ
Ϲʱݰ˵ʱݴ½ĳǳأÿһǳضдÿһ۹֮Ҳд
пԽݴ½ĳ
Ϲʱ𾳽µߣ˷ʱ·ֻҪ㹻ʯڶ̶һݴ½
˷ǳĽġ
ϧûһʦԲó
΢΢һ̾Ҷƽ󣬷ɵУ۲ǰĴ
׼ȷ˵ⲻǴ󣬶һ
ΪǴĻҪԼʯȻ
ʯֻҪһ̤֮УͻԶûĿĵͳȥ
ΣհҶͻȻоһͷƤ飬ҪǸղԼ͵һʥУôҲҪѲƤ
ˣۼĴӦòǺѣ֪Ĳ÷ҲЩʦԲõĳ
ͻȻҶ۾һ
뵽ÿһ󷨵ĺĶв÷ӦҲһ
£Ҷ򿪿ռ֮תռ䷨򣬶ʱֻɫۣǰһɫĹâ
Ƭɫâĸ֮£Ҷ׵ؿ˲գֱӿĺλá
Ȼһʯ¼Ĳ÷
ףʲô
ȻҶ췢ĺģȭͷСɫʯͬʯһ龧ʯȫɫġ
пռ֮ĲҶ۾Щȣǵһο־ʯ޴жûмء
Ҷӡ֮УûʲôƷӵпռ֮Ĳ
ռ֮ʱ֮һǳأֻռ䷨ʱ䷨ˣա
ڣҶȴ龧ʯ֮Уſռ֮Ĳ
ÿʩչռ֮ĺܴĿռ֮ȻϢһʱܹ䣬ɷǳķʱ䡣ս֮УҲʱ䣬龧ʯĿռ֮ôܿϲռ֮ˡ
Ҷ
龧ʯҪõ
գҶٶȿռ֮һͷŵǿռ
ɫâһ˲䣬ǰֹͣתΪڵƬռѾˣеһжֹͣˡ
ҶôҡڵسһѰǿʯҴǿȭͷСɫʯ
Ҷܿͳ˳ȥ

Ҷʱ򣬴ںţ۵ɫâȥ¶ĺɫ
ռĵĿռ̫֮ˣ̶̼ӣȻʮ֮һ⻹ֻһۼ󷨰ҶĿأЩš
ռܵȷ£ؼʱԷΪʤǿĶ֣ҪķѵĿռ֮ԽӴ
ۼĴʥεĶ֣ôķҶյпռ֮ҲֻܽԷһӵʱ䡣
ȻҶʵ㲻һӣҲܷһιһ
ܹӵиĿռ֮ôҶֱͿ޵ˡ
ϧռ䷨̫ˣҶڿԲռ䷨򣬵ٶҲ̫ˣҪڶʱӵֱǳ롣
ˣȿ龧ʯʲôҶҡҡͷʯǿɫʯϸ鿴
ͬʯһһſռ֮ľʯ
Ҫʯܿ漴ԼУӦžʯԵʡҶ찵뵽
գҶûпĶɫʯͺʯһա
Ψһͬǣɫʯ洢ǿռ֮
ͽռʯɣҶ˵ţСУȻղһЩռ֮ȴΨһһſռʯָ
ıҪȵսʱڹؼʱʹãŻõطļֵ
Ŀ⿴ԶҶ֪ﻹû󣿡
ȻҶ컹õĿռʯ
£һѰ콾Ͼŵ٣һѰ󣬿ϧ˰£Ҷ춼ûҵһ
һʥ󷨣ɱʥǿߣҶ춼ЩǱʩչռ֮ӳ
֣ΧȻʥ󷨣ҲֻܹɱСʥѣ󷨶ɱʥˣӦΧҶüͷ
ǰԶһʥ󷨺󣬾ͶʱȻ
˰£Ѿ̤Χˡ

Ҷһ˻ȥͷһƬ亹εΡ
һûȻΧˣ÷ֵļʱ
콾ϾŲֻܵȴ˵Ϣˡ
գҶó޴ڴϵƣս紫һϢ
úսҲϢ˵Ҳ쵽Χˣ콾ϾҲ򡣡
ҶִѶʮʮǸҲûҵ콾Ͼš
һô콾Ͼžˮķˡ
ѵŮעȱ˺𣿡ҶõϢɵðҡͷӵĽֻܱˮˡ
Ȼ˼ͬʱյˮϢ
Ƕɣҷ콾Ͼˣû¾ˮȻǳʧ
òҵ콾Ͼţû뵽Ȳ
ʱҶڣս˶һϲǻлᡣ
ҲǳȻˮʵȲôǵʵҲѾȳ
ֻҶеΪпռ֮ؼʱ̿Խռ䣬ֹͣת
Ȼ̫ǿ󷨣ôҲûá
Ҷֻϣ콾Ͼûôõùˡ
ΪˮλãҶ˺ܿ͸˹ˣˮһ
һҶ˱㿴˱ǰе콾Ͼš
ʲô󷨣ҶЩʵ
ǰ󷨷ǳ֣ʩչռ֮ؿ龰
濴ȥ콾Ͼŷ·һ棬һȫģͷһƬɢңţ콾Ͼţһлӡ
һһ㶼ûеԼΣգʱһԱߣȻ
һǻӣͦյġսˬˣ̲ס̭ˡ
ȿ󷨰ɣûв´ӦǴ˵еķڹ󣡡ˮЦ
ʲôսԶʱæϸۿǰ󷨣Ƭ֮ɫޱѿȷǷڹ󣬿Ҫһˡ
󷨺ƽ𣿡Ҷɻû󷨣ʵ漰󷨷֪ʶ
ˮЦ󷨽ȥ׳ѣΨзʥʥϵǿ߲ƽ⡣
ôҶʱޱȡ
˵ʥжǿʮλʥϵǿߣͶʥ۷ĳǿߣǻʥ۷е۷壬Ƿʥǿʮˡ


905 
Ҷû뵽ּ󷨣ӵпռ֮Ҳûܹƽ⡣
ֻǣⷴڹҶ컹Щ棬ɵս硢ˮѯ
ˮָŲԶһ󷨣˵Ҷӣ뿴Ǿڹܹڹ󣬾ƽⷴڹˡ
ڹһַ󷨣ʦΣյʱǾͻ᲼óڹԵֵʥ۷ǿߵĹս˵
ڹúڹ෴ڹ赲˺ˣڹ赲˳һ˵󷨡ˮЦ
ôǿ
Ҷ˵
ǻɣǺš
ʱһֱû˵ĽʮֱӰγʥȫһǰ󷨡
ֲĽâƺƵһɾâ
⹥쿰ȴʥˡ
ȻҶޱȣΪôֲһȻǰ󷨶ûк֣ûиܵ󷨵һ㶯
󷨵ķҲ̫˰ɣ
˻Ҷ쵹һȫ֣ҲˣĵǾ񹥻Ǿ񹥻󷨸á
ĹȻڹʵûУ˵ˡ
Ҷ֣˰ɣΪַǲŽڹġս˵
ڹȥףˣϾ˵󷨣콾ϾŶ治κΣյģǻǻȥ֪ͨӰɣȻûгɹȳ콾ϾţصҲǰɡˮ˵
ʮҲ˵ͷּ󷨣ڵʵͽ޹
Ҷ΢΢˼Ȼ޷ƽ⣬ֻҪʩչռ֮ܽռ䣬ʱҲֹͣת
ôֲ󷨣½ռʱάֲһӡ
ȻҶʱ䣬¾ٶ̣Կռ֮˲ƳϾ֪һ滹ôҲܱ档
ιҶ֣ôսɻؿҶ졣
ҶʱعǰļˣȥԿ
˰ɣ󷨲ڿƽġˮɴ۾
սһ㶣漴ЦҶ֣ǽʥ磬Ҳƽ⣬Ĺ±Ҳǿ˶١
ԿңҲ棬ҲûΣգʱǻȥҵӴʦ˹ҲԱȳˡҶЦ
ھԿʧҲõģ˵һʱѡ
콾Ͼŵ츳ӾԲģʱҲܹȣ޴ҲǿߣʱһԾ
Ҷ첢ġ
⵹Ҳǣ˰ɣԾ԰ɡսҡҡͷûȰ
ˮƲҪܹƽ󷨣Ҿİұѩʦý
ҶԴ󺹣æһƵĳǰ֮С
ս״ˮͽʮЦȵȿɣ˵ʵҶֲֲǵˣҲ֪ʲôơ
ҲţҪַֻһǿйƣڶ־Ǿͨ󷨣ʥ󷨣ڵݴ½Ҳʦˮҡͷ
ʮ˵ͷʾͬ
ս΢΢˼ؿѾȥҶ죬ȻҲҶܳɹǲ֪ΪʲôܾöԷкܴĵ
ӷڹ棬Ǵ棬ȴǿ
Ҷȥ֮󣬾ͶʱΧ˷ǺɫʯڣþȫҲûк֡
һ콾ϾȻҲҶ֮ͣΪһҲ󷨵ĵùɵЦ̽ˣ󷨾ʥҲûãο㻹һ𣬲Ĺǿ󡣡
Ҷתͷ콾ϾţһﻹؽŵؿǰĵСӣãҵĵҩҪƳɹˣʱҾͻʥ磬ܹˡ
ҶЩȤҲûϹݣǾȵԲ𾳽磬벽ʥûдﵽⵤҩͻʥ磿
ߣ㶮ʲôҪ֪Ϲʱʥ繷Ϊǹ⿿츳ܽʥΪкܶ൤ҩͷģ˽ʥ硣콾Ͼߵ
Ҷ˵ģҵ֪һ־ۻð벽ʥʥֻǼʥ޷
ף콾Ͼԣһ̧ͷȵؿҶ죬˵㾹Ȼ֪ۻıϾֻǷģֻ֮Զߵİޡǵҩһҩֱӷȥߵİʵʵڵġ
֪Ƶҩʲô֣Ҷ
з򵤣˵Լĵҩ콾Ͼ֮ɫ˵ֵҩ԰ʥǿʵҲܰԲʥ磬ҲκεķãΪûнı䣬ʵͨʥЩˣֻҪԺı䣬ʵ
Ҷһ𣬾ȻֵҩѹϹšԶʱʥ繷ܶ඼ǿҩѻġ
ӦóԽ˶ҩɣҶʵ
콾ϾŵǴ񼶵ĵҩݴ½֮⣬Ҳֻʮλʥˡ
ѾΪʥˣҶʱ𾪡
ǵȻͽʥˣֻûйѡεҽʥ֮󣬻ȥͻṫ£ʱҲϲưɡˣ֪أôͿشˣ콾Ͼ˵
ҽҶ죬˵ͿĴѵԼĲɣҶ췭˷۵
콾ϾߵҪƷ򵤣õһöΪҩУһöҵȻҪˡ
Ҷһﻹǲҿ˵󷨣ҪɱĻˡ
£ҶҡҡͷҲԼģȥŶʦӴʦƵҩģµϢʹˣӴʦǼæѰ㣬ˣ滹ҵλͬء
ң콾ϾŶʱˣյ㣿һʦĪϺͿ˰ɡ
ߣôˣ˵ڻûнʥ磬ʥ磬ҪɱҲ׾١ҶߵһǿϢ
콾ϾŶʱ˸ȵؿҶ죬Ǿ콾ѹ֣Ҳƽⲻˣǵʦͷʥǿɡ
ܲƽҵ⣬ӣڻƵҩܳȥ˵ˣղ˵ǸʲôĵرΪʲôû˵Ҷһ漴ʵ
콾ϾԺߵݴ½õĵر֮һϹʱҲǷǳټҲһŵ濴ˣ˵̺ŷƬΪˣƳ򵤡
ƬҶޱȡ
ٺ٣ؼȥ̺ƬҲֹһ֣ĵرʥҲҪ콾ϾЦ
ҶԲ÷ⷨƬֱ򣬱Լٶȿˣ˵ؼõĵرҲΪ
ҩɹˣͻȻ콾Ͼžϲ
Ҷʱܵһǿķ򲨶ӵ֮д


906 ɫ
һֻɫĵҩӵзɳʱ򣬾ȻǣҪߣڹҶ춼ƣο
СһתȥǱ콾Ͼһץ
Ũ淨򣬵̺ķ淨𣿡Ҷ쾪ȵ
콾ϾŰһۣôܣÿķ򶼲ͬ
Ҳ̫˰ɣôɾҵʺĵҶӾˣó콾ϾҲ淨ʺö򵤡
콾ϾԷ˷ۣ漴һֻ֣öȭͷСĹӣͨѪɫģͨɫģһͨɫġ
㡭㾹ȻöҶʱ𾪣мǸͨѪɫĵɢŨɱ¾򲨶۾ˡ
콾ϾźٺЦΪôͳΪʥǿ츳Ȼ츳Ҳһ棬ҪҵҵһλϹŵʥżõ˺ܶĵãһЩŵԼ⼸ŵ
콾ϾŵȻˣ⼸ŵҪģֻðѰˡ
ҵˡ
ӵɱ¾ĵܲңҶ콾Ͼ˵꣬Ȳʵ
ܹǿʵĶѾˣӵɱ¾ĵõġ
𣿡콾ϾǿѪɫĵҶٺЦҪͻƾ磬ȻǾ콾ôʥͲҪˣﵽʥ۷壬ⷨ򵤾ܰһٿʥˡ
˵ɣ۶ۣҶԸ⣡ҶԿЦⶫ̫Ҫˣֻƾ콾Ͼ׸ˡ
콾Ͼתת㲻ܣ޼֮һŵܹҳȥôҾͽ͸㣬ѸƷ򵤡
棿ҶԶʱϲ
콾ϾŵĻһŵǧ𡣡콾ϾŰȻ˵Ҵ㣬ڵʵƵ󷨡
ⲻܣʥھͳȥҶŵ˵
֮ǰûаգǽ󣬿ⷴڹʵ֮кܴˡ
Ŀǰ赲ľΧĺɫʯڣֻҪʩչռ֮ռ䣬󷨾ͻֹͣתʱ˲ܴ콾Ͼųȥ
ŵҶ죬콾ϾҲЩ棬漴ЦȻ˰գҲʱˣھͳȥɡ
ãȽҵССҶ˵գչС磬ɫС磬콾Ͼһ
ȻǾ콾С綼ڲͬףԾϹŵʥżҵһЩżƺֻСǻɫġ콾ϾŵĻû˵꣬ѾҶսСˡ
ʱҶȴһƬ𶯡
С羹Ȼǻɫġ
ѵԼΨһһɹܿС磿
Ҷ𺳲ѣҪ˵ĻôҲѹΨһôֲˡ
ǲǣҵΨһɹ֪ˡҶ찵ҡͷ漴ռ֮ʩչռ
ΪһԵʥ󷨣Ҷ콫еĿռ֮ˣһ㶼ûʣࡣ
һ̣Χĺɫʯ䵭Ȼʧˡ
ڡҶһ˲ơ
ͬʱ
սҲһֱڹۿŷڹҶ콾Ͼš
һﾹȻˣսЦ
ˮƲƲ죬ղҲˣǼһѾ̽ˣ󷨣ǻȻȥ֪ͨӴʦɡ
ٵȵȿףǣͻȻս羪
ˮͽʮҲɴ۾
ΪڴʱҶȻʧˡ
Ҷʩչ˲ƣ׼ˡ
ڷڹֹͣתһ˲䣬ҶϿ󷨵ĺģȻһʯ֮⣬һɫơ
ʲôҶЩȺɻ󣬲Ų˷ѵ飬־Ͱɫһ˳ȥ
˲䣬ս˵ǰ³ҶӰ
ҶֽСе콾ϾҲ˳ĿɿڴսЦ˼εĽҵõˡ
̬սЦҡҡͷȻ֪ղһ˲䷢ʲôȻҶĵơ
Ǿ콾Ȼͬһˡ
ʮؿҶһۣû˵
ˮղô£ôģ
ܣҶЦ
У˵Ͳ˵ҸͱѩʦýˮСĹģߵ
Ҷʱһ
ʱ콾ϾҲս˴кˣƺʶ
Ҷ죬û뵽ܹģӦһϰףȻؾŶǰɡ콾Ͼ˵ҶĿг˾֮̾ǰû뵽Ҷܹ
ȻȥɣѾѶӴʦˣǳˣǵĵҩҲƺˡսЦ
ҶԣҡͷȻȥɣòһˣһڿȹʱٻؾŶǡ
ҪȵɽׯʱټˡսʱЩźٺҶ̽ء
ҶЦδŶһѾΪʥˣʱǼҲأʱҲü뿪Ŷˡ
һԵ콾Ͼص˵ͷ
սˮ˶ʱޱȡ
ȻˣǾʱֱɣؾŶǵʱټսЦоһеľϲʵ̫ˡ
콾ϾŽʥǺ䶯ݴ½飬²úĴҪ۾Ŷǡ
ʢ£Ȼ
ĿսȥҶɫʱСеĺɫȡ˳г֮ɫ
ǰɫƶСʱʱ֮޵İҲˣλʦһ۾ϳɫƣҸ֪Ҷһ𺳵顣
ԭɫ洫ӵƣлд͹ܵ󷨣ֻҪע˲ܽڲ
Ҫ֪󺣿ǴԶʱģȻûܹȥǲϹʱû˽ȥ
ϹʱʦǷǳǿģһЩʦƽһЩ󷨣õЩڵӵơ
ڵֻ֣һŵӣһ洫ӡ
ɫƴŵӣɫƴľ洫ˡ
ƽͨʥ󷨣лõɫƣڹʥ󷨣Ҷҵõһɫơ
ǿȻʦǽȥû׼ҲܵõһЩҶ찵ϲû뵽󺣻ֻԵȻǺкñҪûдӦӾ콾ϾţҲͲˡ
գҶʱעеĺɫƶʱһ۵ĹâҶ˶
һ̣ҶһһҡΣоת۾ܶǿ񱩵Ŀռ
ৣ
ȵҶò۾ǰԶһ޴ĳţϸһǰһΰİɫľ޳ǣɢΡϢ
ǡǡ
ȻҶɴ۾š
Ϊھ޳ǵܣվʮλ;޴ľˣͨɫģͨɫģͨɫģͨɫġɫУһʮˣǧ֮ߣɢҶ춼еϢ
飬飬ſʵ


907 
־ҶϤˣΪаħʱһۿľ־ˡ
ҲһɫľˣϢͬӴͺ嫡
Щ˾顣
ֻҶû뵽ﾹȻʮ󣬲ڰֱҲ̫Ӵˡ
󣬵Զʱжôǿ
ʮλػڵݴ½˭ܴĽҶ󣬲ǴԶʱͱżԶʱҲݴ½֮һ
ҶĴƬֳ̣ǰľ޳֮⣬˷ǺڰһƬ޷͸ӣȻ󷨡
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ԶʱĶɣӦòԼʧɡ
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Ҷ߽ʱȴȻһɫӰǰ
ţҶͫһǰӰ
һߣϲûʲôֲϢɢҶȴоԼڲԷԲ򵥡
ңҶ첢ûиоʲôϢҲ˵ǰ߲ˡ
ǰǣҶ쿪ѯʡ
´һҶ죬Цҡҡͷû뵽үǸһλ콾ϧҪţǾ콾
˵գϳʧ֮ɫ
ҶһоԼȫ¶߿͸ˣֻпռ֮ûб֡
ߵȷ򵥡
Сһʲô֣ˣҺһҲ飬ǳʵһ󡣡̾˿˵
Ҷ죬ǰǰҲ飿Ҷʱɴ۾ˡ
Ȼǿ󣬵ɶûǣǰߣûϢ֮⣬ƽûʲôֱ
ȻµҶ룬ɵЦ飬Ȼǣִֻ񼶵飬ûǡ
񼶣Ҷ쿴ػھ޳Χʮ񼶱飬ɵɻǰǴ񼶵飿
Ȼ߰ȻЩ飬Ҳ󷨵İ£ʵһֻȵʵҿʵ
Ҷ찵࣬߾ȻǷ񰡣Ƿʥ¾ħˣҲκβ飬ħ𾳽硣
Ҷ죬Ȼ㲻ţõƣҲԵ֣ȡĶɡߴҶ޳ǡ
ڽֵͨ˴Χķݶǳ¥һΰĽҶӦӲϾ
޳Զʱжôֺɡ
ȻڣǳضǿյһƬĵģʲôûУ·һƬǡ
ôˣݴ½ûгһλʦҲ֪ʲôʱҵˡһ·п
Ҷڵݴ½𼶡ʥʦûУοʦ
ŽߣҶһ¥ĵط˵ڵ󷨶¼ڡ
ߴ¥ȡƤ飬ÿӶһСɽôҶһƤ飬ʱ¼һǿʥ󷨡
װķֱŻ󷨳м߼֪ʶԱ棬װӵег󷨵󡣡˵
ҶЩ𺳣⼸ڵдˣʦЩҲûãϾܰʱ˷档
ƺ֪Ҷ룬̶ջΪЩҸߣЩЩԶԿһԶԿ𡣡
ҶƤһܹȻǿֶΡ
ңڵ󷨶ߵҲаȻĻڵĸΪμǾͨ󷨣в׵ΪѵͲ·𣿡߰Ȼ˵
ǺεΪҶԲɵúʵڵĵӰѱѪķ棬Ӧò̫ߵΪŶԡ
񾳽磬Ȼֻȵ񣬵񾳽磬ѾȥΪġԺ˵
ʲôҶˣʱ˷棬Ȼܳɾ츳ֶô̬
Ҷ죬һ󷨣ĥԣýеİ벽ʥȫضɹı䣬󷨽ֻش󡣡˵
Ҷ۾һ󷨣ڵҪǰ׳գ϶ܳΪʥˡ
ϾֻҪı䣬ôɾʥļʾһˣֻҪ̫ùܳΪʥѹǿߡ
ңڻֶο԰󷨿֮ϣС棬ڵƾЩ󷨣Ȼֻǳ񣬵ȴʵٶ˵
ҶѾˣܹΪȻȻֻͨô򵥣ѾõĿԼʵˡ
Ҷһ˿ȤϾֻҪܹʵȻһֶΡ
Ҷ۾ӣ֪ҶѾԼɹջˣЦڸɣΪڵ洫ӣʸһΰֻشʶһڵжô
ҶԶʱϲԼѾһıˣı䣬ټԼŻĵе͵һŻĵһӾɰ˴ıˣֻһıˡ
գҶӣż飬ڽߺ档
Ҷ죬֪ſ϶ʱ棬ڵһʵңҷԪȻʥǿߣ֪ܲԪԽǿо󷨾ԽãֻҪԸ⣬һΪһλʦġ˵
Ҷ΢΢һЦҲ֪˵ô࣬ʵΪ֮·
˵ʵҶҲЩĶ̫ķˣҲ̫ķʱˣΪ󣬵ǿо󷨣ڡ
ҶЩԥˡ
߼˵Ҷ죬Ҹղ̽ˣߵǿ֮·Ҳ㲻֪ǿ֮·Ŀ£Ҫ㣬ǿ֮·һ٣ǾΣյʱ·ľţһ֮¡
Ҷһɵʵǰ·˽𣿡
ԶʱҲ·һҲߵһģȴһ֮¡˵
һٷǳ£Ҷ𾪵
ǳ£˵٣ʵ񷣣ƺү˳ɹ·ʱλ콾ֻǼǰ٣ͱûɢˡص˵
Ҷ𾪲ѣܹΪ콾ˣʵ츳Բ֮£˾ȻֻǼֵǰ٣ôжô£
ܹڴ֮ǰΪʥʦԼСвöʥ󷨣˵кܴʰһ١˵


908 ֻ
ǰ󷨼Ȼ԰ֵ٣ΪЩǿ֮·ľ콾ûڣҶ첻ɵʵ
ǲУֻԼõ󷨣ܱҡҡͷǶĿ飬ֻԼõ󷨣ֵܱ٣ٸӦ˵ϢôٵҲǿġ
ҶԻȻѹû˻ɽ٣ԭֻԼõ󷨲ܱ
ôһ˵Ҷ֪ԼҪ¶ˣϾһ̫ˡ
ܹǸڹ󣬿һҲͲˡҶ찵뵽
Ҳ֪ڹôײõģϾǶʥ󷨣һʥʦѲõĳ
ҶֻһСףҪΪʥʦɲǶʱڿԳɹġ
Ҫ֪ڵЩʥʦһʥ磬һоǧꡣ
Ҷڿûǧʱķѣʱ֮԰ʱʮҲҪ갡
ʱѧϰһ°ɣ츳ΡҶ찵뵽
ûѧϰ󷨣֪Լ츳Σ츳ܺõĻôʱ֮ҲֻҪʮܳɹ
ΪһǾǿʥǿߵԪ
Ҫ֪ԪԽǿԽǿѧϰȻܿ졣
ͺñһѧңȥתѧȻһӳΪѧңǾԱҪ졣
ΪҶĵǿ
ܲܳΪʥʦջҪ츳
ˣǰֻش󣡡ָͣǰһ˵
Ҷȥһǳ޴󷨣ȫһƬããĹâ֣͸
ΪҶҲÿռ֮뿴󷨵İ
һֻشмͻʱȻͻתΪһһˣֻ֮ת֮䣬ǰֻأ⽫ĥһǿĵزλ콾Ӱֻشг󣬾ȻһԾ˾Ŵı䣬ݴ½˵
Ҷޱȣͬʱֻشڴˡ
ԭֻشҲı䣬ȻδǿӦпܰɡҶ찵ϲһټǼŻĵܰѾŴıȫˡ
ȥɣһ£ڰֻشлɹһȴֻȥһٸʱ˵
Ҷ찵ȣֻشҲ漰ʱ䷨򣬲ϧǷ˼䣬Ļֻشܹʡʱ䣬ʱ֮Ҫ¡
ʵϣҶ첻ǣֻشԵֻ飬Ҷһ޷Ҳһʱ֮ˡ
Ҫ֪˵ǿģһͨķˣֻҪ룬뵽棬뵽
о仰˵޴
ֻش󣬱Ŵˡ
ڴ飬Ҷ߽ǵţ˲ʧ֮С
ӿЩĶˣ´ȥʱӴ󷨿ҲһҲ˵Цеؿǰİֻش

ʱֻشѾȫˣҶм䱻תޡ
һҶΪ˹¶ãͱĸˣΪƤڣһϹһ۾ȱ
Ҷ첢ûȥһͷǵ̸
ΪСȺһټû˽Ӵ˵һӵײеԸ
ƾ츳ҶԼһŹ¹֮Լʵ
ת۰ȥҶѾΪȺĴ£ȺĵԽԽѾʼϮǳˡ
ڣҶȺһλǿߣλǿɱȺҲɱ

ڶҶ˵㣬һ߸ĸԼҲ֮·
Ҷ˳ɫ꣬츳ܲŬΪȻޱȻ
Ȼһǳƽ÷ıý飬ӣ󲻵ʱ䣬϶

һҶתΪϰһΪҲǲ
ڳĺǻ֮£ҶȻ츳ȴĹѰŮˡ
ңӣһֱ˼ʮꡣ
ֱһ죬Ҷһɢޣɢɱ
ȻĸĸΪˣϧҶѾˡ

ҶһңΪּԻͣСͿ̿ټǿ츳ͻһһ磬Ϊһ𾳽ǿߣڵ۹֮ۡ

ҶΪһĳţһ·ƽ̹֮·ʱȴǱǿŻɱ

ҶΪһɢޣһںȥ̽żڷֱȴܵǵıѣݺ

ʮҶΪһɵѪֻΪԼɸǿ

ھʮһҶƾԼŬڳΪһλʥȻȴһż֮С

һҶţһ·õʵһٱѩޡ
һĻ֮󣬰ֻشѾֹͣתϥڴҶ죬Ҳ֮۾
ֻأϿһΣ
Ҷһ̾ڵ棬޾Ĳɣ
·˼һ
ʱţԺйڰֻصļҲɢ
ҶָҲԵֻӼᶨˣͬʯһ㡣
ֻصļ䳹ʧѾһĥޱǿˡ
ʼı䣡Ҷŵ˵
˶ıǳ־壬׿ʼı䣬Ҷȴš
ĵڶı䣬Ҷǿ֮£ܿˣûһ˿ȵһλҪ˳
ı䡭Ĵı䡭
һֱıɺҶ۾˵ϢȻûӶ٣˫ȴӵˡ
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ĿŻĵڵ֮󣬾ܳʣµĴı䡣
Ȼˣֺαؼðأ
֮·Ȼ˵ҪֱǰʱҲҪһЩððʧʧҪԼơ
Ҷֹͣ˼ı䣬߳˰ֻش
ջܴ󣡡߿ҶЦ˵
Ҷ֣صһ񣬵лǰȫȷʵʡʱ䡣
Ӧ֪󷨶Ҳаġ˵
ǡҶ֪ߵ˼˵ͷȴԥˡ
ٴȥһ󡣡߰˰֣ҶĻǰ·
ҶЩɻ󣬵Ǹȥ˰ֻش֮ҶҲСڵˡ
ú󣬽ߴҶ죬ٴһǰ
ָǰ󣬽߰Ȼ˵һ󣬲ǹ͵ģҲǷ͵ģȴõ󷨡
кôҶʱˡ
ԼʱԺ˵


909 
ʱ
Ҷ𾪲ѣϤˣΪʱ֮ӵ칦ܡ
ܹٶٱҶȲʵЩ
ʮ߰Ȼʮ죬Źȥһ죬ڵĵ֮ӵǿʵǿʱġ
ʮʱ֮һ
Ҷʱˣʹʱ֮ǿ໥ӣʱٵһٱ
Ҳ˵һ꣬Źȥһꡣ
ҪҶ꣬൱꣬ҲĿԽһʥ硣
ôֻҪԸһұȥһʱ䡣ЦеؿЩҶ죬ҶѾĶˡ
ţһꣿҶԶʱɵؿߣɻΪʲôֻһꣿһҲֻ൱ʮ꣬ʲôã
᲻ҪҪı̫ˣûô꣬󲿷ֱﶼάˣûжıˡ߿Ц
ԶʱڣѾȥˣھٶıҲľˡ
ʣµı޷ٴΡ
ϧˣҶʱЩʧֻһʱ䣬ʱ֮Ҳֻһꡣ
һΪʥʦǼֱܣҶһ츳ﵽĵز
ΣȻֻһʱ䣬ʥԪѧϰٶȿ϶ܿ죬һҲЩ츳ĻһʱҲΪ߼ʦˣԲóۼ󡣡˵
ҶƱʥԪͺһ˷׶԰ȥѧϰ϶ЩСѧϰٶȿ졣
ҶǾ콾ǻ۾ӹɣһûʲô츳Ҳ̫Զ
Խ߷ǳڴ
ãԸһԣҶûпǶ೤ʱ䣬ͬˡ
ֻһʱ䣬ʱ˷ѵģܹһͻƣɹһٺа
ΪѡģԶʱЦˣôˣҲû˽ڲˣѾȵòͷˣҲҶ󷨰׳ԡ
Ҷʱٴֻһʯ̨ҶϥС
ܿ죬Χİɫ󶼸ˣľ
ʼˣҶһæųʱ֮С
ѾõҶѣûκξȣǺشʱ󣬾̾ڣȻԴ󷨡
̫ķԴˣʹһζҪӴıʱ֮ȡҶҡͷʱ֮һЩԸ
ϰߵСӶʲôΪϷƵʱ֮ͲҪϷǷʦӵеıǿ߻Ҫ࣬Ǵ඼ķʱ֮ˡңʱֻ֮һȴǿԶãø޷ȡ
Ҷ۾һȷ󷨱ʱ֮ĺôǿԲúܶ࣬úܶ
ˣСӿɣϷڴչߴٵƺҶż
ҶЦҲţҲо󷨣϶Ҹ졣
˭˵ϷŰϷȻоһһһϷûʱ˷档ҡͷһԼоȥˡ
˰־磬ڷһѾվ۷壬ﵽݴ½ߵĳɾͣѾѧϰˣڴ졣
ѧϰѡ
Ҷ첻ٶ룬ʼһӣŻóۿ
󷨵Դ׷ݵʱΪʱó󷨣סݴ½úʱǿ߿ʼо󷨡
ʱûдһһжҪݴ½Լȥо
󷨲ܹ֮ͨһЩʯһЩΧסڵ
ֲִڵ󷨣޷Ըǿޣֱһ죬󷨹֮Ӷʹ
һĿʼ
ˣ˳Ϊ档
ܹ֮ʱ˺ܶߵע⣬ǿ߶ʼоˣʹһõ˷ٷչ
̫ʱʱһѾչ˷ǳĵز
ԶʱһǴﵽ۷壬ɣӦ˶Ϊһͷˡ
ڴ֮ǰһǸоֱڳֺ󣬼ʦŬڰһ۷塣
λΪλôΪҶЩ档
ʱݴ½ĵһʱȻǿߣһ˵Ȼݴ½ʦҪƺܲŶԡ
͡
ͻȻҶסˡ
뵽һֿܡ
ǾͲݴ½ˣǺͺڰһߡֻûкڰôݴ½ݴ½
Ļôӵ֪ʶ˵ͨˡ
ⲻڿ̽ˣǼ󷨰ɡãҶҡҡͷȥ
ܹ󷨵Դ֮ƤоͿʼһЩˣһʼҪ˽󷨣Ȼ󷨣˵󷨡
ҶӴԪתһ麣࣬ϵƤе֪ʶ
ŵ󷨻֪ʶҶӴԪ֮£ܿͱ͸ˡ
ϾֻǻڵĵӣߡʦʱͿʼ򣬶ҶǿʥԪѧϰȻˡ
Ҫһʱ䣬һ£Ҷͽȫ⡣
Ҷ쿪ʼ󷨣ʱ䡣
м󷨣Ҷ򻨷ʮʱ䣬һԽ棬ѶȾԽˣҶǿʥԪȴҲеЩˡ
߼󷨣Ҷ㻨ʮʱ䣬Žȫ͸
ѾȥʮһˣʣµʮƲܳ͸ⶥ󷨣ڹ֪ʶѾﵽۼʦĵزˡҶ찵뵽
ȻҶ֪ԼյĽ֪ʶ֪ʶҪȥӦãҪóۼ󷨣һĵۼʦ
ڲ󷨣Ҷûż֪ҪĻ֪ʶ
£ҶһƤ鿴潲Ƕ֪ʶǹôõۼ󷨺󷨵֪ʶ
ܹ֮ȫ͸Ҷ˽ӽʥ֪ʶˣֻҪоһЩ󷨣ܳΪӽʥʦվݴ½һ۷ˡ
ңֻҪΪʦܲóȻǳ󣬵ҲԿԽʮ۹˲ƶҪˡ
ҶǳģҪ˴ԺͲðʱ˷ڸ·ˣʱȥ˺ˣҪ˷Ѷʱ䡣
ңʱҶ컹Ժ޴ںȫ½ƹ㴫һ㴫ֻȡٵķãݴ½ߣʱöһ֡
ҶΪݴ½еˣʱ˵תսڰ˲ĲϣǵھŲĲҲԼ룬Իȥıʵ
Ͼûһһߣֵܹסջ


910 ̫
ʱڹȥˣ֪ʶҶֻʮ֮һ
һԽԽѣҶѾоƿݲǹ⿿ˣЩҪԼȥ̽
ΪݣѾ漰Щᵽ˷򣬷ǳ¡
Ҷãûм꣬¶ѽȫ⡣
ʱʱٴѾֹͣУҶҲʱ֮뿪˴
ôûнм֪ʶȫ⣿һҶ߱ȲʵĿгڴ
ҪȷҶ츳ֻҪҶ츳ԣôٴԻ;ˡ
ϾҶ챾ʵͺǿһɾͣôԿڻԻ͡
ڴĽߣҶҲûдЦ߼֪ʶҲȫˣֻж֪ʶ̫£ʮ֮һ
ôܣСӣ㲻ҪƭҡԾһ漴
ȻҶܹһУϾʱٴҲֻǹʮʱѡ
ʮʱ䣬ţҲֻм֪ʶѡ
ǰǲţ⡣Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴ǳŵ˵
߶ʱЩɵؿҶ죬ΪҶЩɻ󣬶ԷƺҲûҪЦɡ
ֻʮ֮㽫߼֪ʶȫǾһϵĳš߲ɵЩˣæѯʡ
ҶһͷǸ߼󷨵֪ʶѾȫ˲ͻشˡ
߶ʱЩЩģ˼⣬ֱҶ춼شȷųˡ
ڰ
߼ĸߺжˡ
ٶĵȴһţڵĻԻˡ
ҶɫЩڨڨֻ֪Լӵʱ֮ķ˰ʱ䣬ɾ͡
߼ӣԼһϵʣ㲻ǶţҲһˣкܴϣΪʥʦ
Ҷһû̫ҰģܹΪʥʦ㹻ˣϾֻҪ󷨶ɹǿ֮·һ١
Ҷ죬һϵ츳ܺãֻ֪ʶûгԲ󷨣ԺҪŬƽһ飬ѵ
ʱҶĿ⣬дһ˿ڴͺԼĺһ
Ȼλǿ飬ѾҶ쵱δĽӰˡ
ǰһġҶ˵ͷһȷв׵кܶа󷨡
ý˵ҶҲһ̽ġ
ܺãҽʥ֪ʶҲ㣬Ϊʥʦʱٴ֪ʶ˵գҶٴλص¥ȡһɫƤ顣
ҶЩȣʥƤҲԣʥ֪ʶǾڵǶУȻҪ
Ҫ֪۷ʱ̣ҲֻλʦѣʣµܹסڵģǿЩǿʥʦǲڵĶ
Сĵպʥ֪ʶҶ̧ͷЦеĽߡ
ߵݸҶһɫƣڳϵƣֻҪ֮ڣԽʱͽҲܽ㴫ͳȥ
Ҷ˵ͷƣԺͷˡ
ˣھȥɣϣ´ο㵽ʱѾʥʦˡЦ˵
ģʧġҶЦЦ㲻ΪڣΪ˶ɹһ٣ҲҪΪʥʦ
£ҶеĽɫƣ˻һâʧ˾޳֮ڡ
Ҳϣˡ
ʧҶ죬΢΢һ̾
ʱ֮⣬һӰͻȻ֣Ҷ졣
öϢҶһ˾޳ǣʱյϢʦѪħʥģеӵģ콾Ͼŵģˮս硢ʮ˵ġ
ҶǸԼҪ󺣹һ䣬֮зǳΣգԵҶʧһ궼ûϢЩ˾Щˡ
ѪħʥҶˮ֪ҶûΣգֻϵ
ʦʲô£ҶܿϵѪħʥ
ܿ죬ѪħʥͻϢû¾ͺãΪʦھھŶǣϹɡ
ҶִѶսˡ
սа콾ϾŵĵʥˣѾ½ˣѪħʥǴ޴ǰġ
мֵһᣬϴαӸߵǰøˣӺòǱʱ䶼˾ŶǵЦ
Ҷ΢΢һЦӾѾݴ½Ҫ£ˣֳһǰ;ͽܣȻҵֻˡ
򵤾ȻˣһϢյ콾ϾŵϢҶЩϲ
£Ҷæʩչ˲ƣŶǡ
ҶٴŶʱʱ𾪲ѡ
ΪʱҶھŶиܵʥϢʥǿߣʮλ֮ࡣ
Ҷ쵱Ҳֻ޴ܲżôʥ
Ȼݴ½еǲˣЩҲˡ
޴ڡԺۼҡսҡ졢칬⹬ȵǿʥǿߡ
Ҷ΢΢һӦͷѪħʥǹϤϢæ˹ȥ
ͬʱҲϢսǣԼѾ˾Ŷˡ
ʦ𣡡ҶѪħʥʱﻹһλʥǿߣ˵Ц
һߣһ㳤ۣ׷ͯգһ˫ڵӷǳңҶѪħʥʦʱɵЦѪħСӣһͽܰ
λǰǣҶѯʵĿ⿴Ѫħʥ
ѪħʥЦ˵˵ҲЩԨԴϼһǾ칬⹬̫
ҶʱȻѹλϵϢЩϤȻ̫
Ѫħ˵ҶС̫ʥʥӣ𣿡̫ʵ
ҶӶԷĿиеһ˿⣬ʱ֪̫ӦûбѾ칬ҡͷǵģϴλȥ֮󣬱ػϰλãʥʥӡ
ˣ̫ʥʥӣѪħʥһԴЦ
̫Щ𾪵ӣҶСѵĶ̫ʥʥӣǳ𾪣Ӷ˶Ǿ칬ʥӣҲ̫˰ɡ
Ҫȣӵ̫ʥ壬һͱϼһˡѪħʥƲȻԵػϻЩڻ
̫ʥ壡̫ԾΪ̫ĵȻ̫ʥǿ
ң̫ʥʮǿ֮һػδǾ콾ĸס
Ӷ˶Ǿ콾ҪǴ˳ȥݴ½Ҫ䶯
칬Ҫˡ̫п
ѪħʥߵǾ칬⹬ǼҰļңҲõͷ۵ʱˣߡ
̫Ц
칬⹬һǳεݣҪϹʱ칬µʱΪ칬⹬ǷǳԺġ
ԴӾ칬û֮⹬ݾЩΣһЩҰļңȡ֮
Ϊɵػϣųٳûиж


911 Ƽ
̫һ̸Ҷھ칬⹬һЩ˽⡣
칬⹬ͬΪŹֱ̫ޡ䡢һضսħŴ
У̫ȻǶԾ칬Ĺ
䡢ضģҲ˱ѵ˼ȴ¶
ޡһսħѾϾ칬ˣǵĹȻûȷĵѾԼɾ칬ͳڱǸ칬ǿѾֻһʷżѡ
ҶǾ칬ʥӵϢѾ˾칬⹬ĵǣе⣬ֻҲ̽ҶʵʱҶ鷳
̫˵ˣҪΪǿȫѾȥ֮·ҶҲ֮·Щ˿϶鷳ġ
ΪĹ칬ʥӣλ칬⹬Ĺ̫ҪҶ֮¡
Щ칬⹬ģ˫ûгޣΪϣҲҪҶһս
սսɣҪ񾳽磬ηսҶţ֪ЩϢûеģӸˡ
Ϊսģġ
ϹʱǰЩǣûһǾսûһǻţȻŴƼޣԽңߵá
Ҷ첻ηսֻûж֡
ʱŶ繷콾ڴѾõĻԻʱ
Ѫħʥ뿪Ҷ󣬼˵ʦͽˡ
ҶСѣζлˣˣĻĵһĿšǸлһҶ죬漴ĿŻĵҶ졣
Ҷ˹ЦʦˣСһ׮
ŷ򵤣˵Ѿͽ޳ǼһԼսˣǵõʱҺݺݽѵһ٣Ǿ콾һƨӣСүžͲˬ콾ϾŽ򵤵ݸҶ죬漴
ҶЦãʵڲ⽣޳콾Ͼ֮ʲôԹ
Ѫɫķ򵤣ҶһȣⶫֻҪԺʥ۷壬һ̤ʥ硣
Ҷ츳һʥ磬ôʵͻ῰ȷʥˡ
ʱݴ½Ҷ콫޼ɵ
͵ʦͽһӣҶ͸ˣʦͽҲûʱĴʦͽҲæĺܣҪӭĿˡ
뿪Ҷ㳯žŶǹ㳡ȥ֮ǰսǴϢһˣʶһЩʥ˺š
콾Ͼŷʥ䣬˸ǰףأǵһЩҲ֮Ͼ콾ϾҲˣЩŸ׽á
ʱ仹µʱ䣬˵ţۼڹ㳡ϣһǱ˴ʶһǱ˴д衣
Ͼţ˭Ҳ˭˴൱һ棬Ҫǲдһ£˭ġ
Ҷ㳡ϵʱ򣬼ֱһΪЩӦúٵģǺܶ࣬һ֮£ȴ㳡ѾӰȥ
ЩһﶼսģҶ漴Ȼ
ŵȷֻ࣬мңǹս̫ˣŶǵ֪д裬ֹһȻһԵսˡ
Ҫ֪ЩɶʥصţʵҲǰ벽ʥд붼Ѿʥ硣
սЩʥǿ߶ᱻοЩͨߡ
רλʥĸֱ㳡ȺЩս˵˺ͽ
ЩȻսǵʵ̫ǿˣѾںܸߺܸߵĸ߿սನȻޱȣ㳡ϿյĿռ䶼ʱ飬޸ٶȶࡣ
ʱҶսһ˺Ȼˮ
СѾͷƽƤĺܣսһħŮһ㶼飬ͬСʥ۷Ķִûл֮
Ҷ֣һһţ֪Ƥ˵δޣӺòҵᣬȻ顣ս粻֪ʱ˹ЦǺǵ˵
Ҷʱ֮аǸĬ˭ǣȻСħŮ
ʮȻı飬Ҷ쵽ֻǱص˵ͷ
ҶѾ֪Ը񣬶ԴҲ⣬Цŵͷ
սͽʮеţҲǿ󣬵˿ȫҶʱһĿ⣬ȻҲ˳ſ˹
Ҷģʱ򣬶ʱһƬ
ڵҶ죬Ѿݴ½˲֪
ˡ
ȻڳĶţҶǾ콾ź;콾֮ĲܴǶҶ˺桢ɡʡĽȵȡ
쿴ǾҶ죡
ǰ°콾ѾƼˡ
𰡣˵ǰʱҷųϢ˵ҶԨСʥ۷ǳӡҶǲģ𾳽Сʥ۷ǿߣҲûôɡ

һȺ
Ҷĵóеմﵽ۷壬Ŀⶼ
λʥĸ֣Ҳش
콾칬ʥӣһݣҶΪ˹עĶ
뵱뿪Ҷ첻ͬո̤ԺҶ첻ͬڵҶ죬ѾΪݴ½һָĳţ˲֪˲
Ҷ죡ԶȺУԹؿԶҶ졣
ŶǸǰˣӲһλʥڻһʥͽܣҲǣο
ֻð޷ҶˣΪõҶ죬ԼҲײӣҲͲ³Ϊݴ½Ц
֣ôڴˣսҶ죬һܾģͻᱻ˿𡣡֪ʲôʱǵʥŮ˹˵
ߣֽ赶ɱ˵ֶΣҲ֪𣿡صǵʥŮһۣм
Ȼֺ´򲻹Ҷ죬Ǿ͵û˵ǵʥŮһЦֱת뿪תһɲǣһ˿Цݣ˽⣬һĶˡ
µĲǵʥŮ뿪ıӰĪĹâȻ֪ǵʥŮȷһԸҶĺûᡣ
ʥľսΪҶЩʣҶȫԲսô˿ţҶ첻սĻһᱻ˿ġ
ϾҶǾ콾ʵʥдҶǳӡ
ԣҶһܾԼսϾҶͶˡ
Ŀ֮»Ҷ죬ϴˢг衣
ߣ
ڣǾˣȺҶȥ
ʱеսѾֳʤˮ̤ն£ҶЦһȻ󺣴һʱ䣬Ҳ档
һҪӰýأô棬ҶЦŴȤ
Ҷ죡
ͻȻһ



912 Ҫ

Ϊĳţ˶ʶοڲǰŶǸһĻǱ˿벻ʶѡ
ҶĶԹȴû֪ˡ
ϾսǣҲû뵽Ϊ飬ǨŭҶ졣
ԣǴʱɵһ˿ɻ
ֻҶ΢΢һĨЦѾµĴˣϾܵ˴裬еҪһй
ҵǾֻҶˡ
ңҶǾ콾콾ϵľ콾ûսܹһǴ棬ܹҶ죬ϴˢκˡ
Ȼ˹˵Ҷ죬˵ǳӣҲš
㲻ΣֲҪţʲô֪߲ƣҶҲûиԷ飬ֱӴĻߵ
ɫѵģˣҶûҪɫ
ɫһΪĳţʲôʱ˸˵ޱȷŭҶĿУҲɱ
ǸӣҪսҾֱ˵ʲôڣΪҸڣϴˢǰ׳յʵ𣿡ҪҶ첻м˵
ˮشЦ
սͽʮҲЦˣֻǽʮЦȿ޻Ҫѿ
ΧȻҲЦȴɵ죬ǿţɫЦãΪ֡
ʱоԼһСһԼ˼Էµһڸǵ֪Ҹضȥ
֪ԼߣĻҪٴγΪݴ½Цˡ
£Ҳʲô治ˣֱӿ˵ҾҪս㣬㲻Ǿ콾𣿾콾Ӧòܾҵսɣ
ѾƸˣڻҶ죬ưոݵġ
ʥս𣬲ţǺޱȰս̲ס
ҪʮĻ̣ܶ䡣
ˣˮҲûи˿ɫмغߵ
ΧȻҵڳǿĿҲ˱ӣȻ콾ϵľ콾ûаܹǶʥµĶ֡
Ϊʥȥսһ𣬻û˸ôҪء
ɫǵͨ죬ȴ֪Լû·ֻܺ޺޵صҶ죬Լ䵽³ҪҶ졣
Ҷ쵹û˵ʲôŭı飬ЦҽսȻֲҪս
δ䣬Ҷһɳ죬ʮϵĸ߿С
û뵽ҶҽսʱɵæȥҪս
ȻҴǳӱҶ˵ϢǺܶ˶ǲŵģȻʥǳӿСʥ۷ʥװ֮£Ǵﵽʥ硣
Ҷһôܻһʥ
Ҷ쾹Ȼսʵ
Ϊʵǳֻǿ
Ӳôϣһ֮ӣѾﵽСʥ۷壬ټװʵʥڣǳӻҪǿһЩӽʥˡ
ڳϣս硢ˮʮǣҲ˵Լܹƽ֣ϾǱ˴˵ʵ࣬ѷֳʤ
ҿ֪ҶֵʵˣҪл׳հսЦŷȥȻʵҲܿսӽһ㿴Ÿˬ
ҲһԴǳӣʵšˮһҲȥ
ʮû˵ֻɫŷȥ
벽ʥʥĸҲȥսʣµߣȴǲҸȥˣΪǿǴʥεսҪýֱ
Щ벽ʥҲ̫ӽһʥǿߵĺ档
ʮϵĸ߿УΧŰƮ졣
￴·־ŶСֻȭͷô
ԶҶԳš
Сӣû뵽㾹ȻĸҽҵսΪĿĴۡԹصŶҶ죬ɭЦɫޱ
ô˵仰㱻һʱֻԵøѿѡҶЦ
𣿡һ̶ЦƾҲҡ
䣬Ѿ̧һֻƣҶһŲ
ȻҪҶ죬ҪҶ죬Բһʼķʽ
Χ˶ɵüͷ˵ĳô

ҶĿһڵޱâ˲䴩սףóʮֵǿսһȥ
ȻҪô͸ԷһݺݵĽѵ֪ԵĶʲôΡ
䣡
Ҷ챾ʵֻСʥڣﵽʥʵѾСʥˡ
ڣս׺ʮֵʥİ£ֱӾͳԽСʥ۷壬ﵽ˴ʥڡ
һûѵһҶװûдʵֻСʥ۷壬һҲֻӳһʵ
һĴ⣬С֣һȫ֡
֪
ͣ
һҽУֱֻӱҶеʮֵˣɺѪҺȾ񷡣
ɫҰףμٵˣæҶ롣
߶ԴָϵֻȣֻһŲҰ׵ǳźͷŭصŲԶҶ졣
û뵽ҶʵôǿҲˣҶ쾹ȻʥѹֿԴǳӡ
ΧҲѣ˭Ҳû뵽սһʼûãͳô
ֻдԵĻѾˡ
ϾдԲսݴ½ĹأΪʥǿߺѷֳʤ԰ѵһȱλӮ˭ȱԷȴУˡ
Ȼʹ˰֣Ͼûϴˢ裬һ˴Ŀֱ޷̡

ʲôݻҲû˵޸֮ϴսףóһɫ԰֣Ҷɱ
֣֮תƥƱϢֱƴʥڡ
ǽɫ԰֣µƣһ֣ƿͳȺۣҶշѹ
ʥȻףҺĹһ壬Խʵӵ۷塣
ȫԸҶҲСԷսȫֳʮֵŶԷɱ˹ȥ
ʥսΪսĹҶŹ֮ÿսѪڣԽսԽǿ
ǿĶ֣Ҷÿһսڽ
һս֮вϴңս޵Ĺ
䣡
ͬһ㣬ҶײһɴʥȻ˷ϯ
ǿ͵һʯײݴ½ƵģֲˣΧ۵һʥǿ߶˳ȥ
ս˶ںˡ
ŶϿն˾춯صıը֮
ţҶ죡ں̸̫Ѫħʥһɨ֮£ʱҶ졣
ҶСѺҲȥɣ̫Щ˵
ͬʱŶǿ߶ǰսˣӺ콾ϾҲˡ


ʮ 콾


913 
Ҷս˹ۿĴȫˣʮλʥǿߣҲһٵˡ
λʥ˲Ŀ⣬һλѪħʥΪҶʦȻҲܵ˵ĹעһλλʥǿߣһԨѾǳˣʵǳǿ
Ѫħϲһͽܰ
Ѫħ̫ˡ
Ѫħϼһǲصʶôò֪ҶСͽܡ

Ѫħʥ˿̱һǿ߰Χ˶ǳ
Ҫ֪Ѫħʥ޴ڵ̫ϳϣһһλʥǿߣпܻΪʥ۷ǿߡ
ͽܸӲ򵥣һλ콾һǾ칬ʥӡ
ʦͽ͵ʦͽһһѻ
û˸Сʦͽ޴ڽõʥǳغѪħʥ̸š
һߵԨڣЩ壬ֻС˾ۼЩҪôǺ;칬ΪеģҪôǺ޴ΪеģҪô챾ĸӹ
λˣСͽֻ𾳽磬ԶءѪħʥˬЦ
˲ɵƲƲ죬˭ҲóѪħʥеĵ֮ɫϼһﻹװȣֱ̫ˡ
û취˭˼һͽܡ
ߣԶԨѪħʥЦɵһ
ΪʥǿߣһҲ˿ռǿڳ˵ע⡣
ѪħʥҲȻ⣬Ԩ΢΢ЦȴȵϣⲻǰޣˣСͽսֶɣ˵ǰøˣ֪ν£
ν˲
Ѫħʥ֪֪صﵤӣ첻òΪݴ½Цڴʱǵڽ˰̡
Ԩüͷһôʥǿߣһͷŭ˫ȴǱޱȣ˿˿⡣
Сⲻ£ŭ˵ӴʦʦѾˣôѪħʥ𣿡
Ԩ˵
⻰˵ĺƯ
ֱӰ鶨λСӲ£Ҳû˵ЩʥǿǰȷСӡ
һСӣѪħʥ£ôЩխˡ
˵˴棬Ԩ걬ʮ֣ϧûѧλı¡
ϵ
Ѫħʥи̾һתȻӴʦˣȻûΪһʥȻսͽܡĵԭս˵İǲһλзʥսϷϷֱ˰ɡ
Ѫħʥķ
ȻԨСλôѪħʥͬǡСӡҶ˵¡
Ԩüͷһ壬û뵽ѪħʥôѲȷս飬ЩصϾʥܴȻԷ𣬵Ҳֻѡ
ΧˣЦǶǻ˼ǧϹƽǳ쵹ֵÿѪħʥԨ棬ôʱ䡣
䣡
ڴʱд޴ǸüͷԨΧˡ
˲ɵȫ̧ͷȥ
ֻҶսѾ˰Ȼ˶Լʵӵ˼ޣÿһײ죬ռ顣
һΣ˸ʩչ޵񹦣˸ӿֲܡ
ʩչϵһ޵񹦣֣˵޵񹦿Բٿ֮죬շѹ硣
ɢ޲ɫľ޴֣߶ųҶȥת𣬴ޱߵܣֲĦһ㣬硣
ܲȻȵزҲ˰ɣһƫʥʱ˵
⻰ȻڱԨ̧Ԩû˿ģЦݺοһܹܳĺ󱲣ֶȻˡ
Ҷ쳬ԽѪħʥһѪħʥһˡ
ʦģͽܳԽһֽ
Ҳˡ
˵ƨѪħʥԵ÷ǳˬаڴҶ콫ݺݽѵһ١
ҶҲûѪħʥʧʩչֵʱҲʩչʮ˲
ʥ޵һ֣ޱߵɱ¾Ϣͬеˣ޼ɵϯ
Χ¶ȶڼ½ޱߵɱҶγһƬѪ
治Ѫħʥͽܣʦͽɱ죡׺޴ڵʥЦ
̫𾪵ʥ޵񹦣ʮ˲ǾΪʥ޵񹦣ֱƹ칦
ƺ֤Ļʮڰ磬ͬʮ˲˷ȫֲʱͽִݻˣನ
ѪħʥһĻʱشЦ
ԶԨɫǳѿߵ޵񹦶ѣߣ
ڼʣϾǾִ޵񹦣Ȼǿࡣ
һʥȻռϷ磬ҲˡѪħʥȻŹֻԨ
Ԩɫ޻ϾʥľսҶͺܲصˣھȻҶ·磬ʵ̫ˡ
ԨûΪⳡսԹۿˣһʼ֮⣬һֱڣҲûзˡ
ҪҶ̫ǿˡ
Ԩʵзǳ𾪣Ȼ֪ÿһ콾ͬ죬Ҳû뵽Ҷôǿ
һ̣Ԩһ˿ɱ⣬ܿҡҡͷ
ӵдʥʵҶ죬ʥϵǿߣ߷ʥԶ֣򼴱ʥҲɱҶ졣
޴ҲзʥһսֻҪҶһʱ䣬λ޴ڵķʥܸϹ
ԣҪɱҶʵʣҲԸͬʱ޴ڣǸصľ칬
֮·ȻԨɱ֣֮·ɱҶ죬ôͲõˡ
Ϊй涨֮·һжԹòݴ½
Ҷ֮·ϣô޴ں;칬޻˵
ھ֮·ʵһɱҶ죬ߣСӣҿ㻹жÿɻԨЦ
еսѾлˡ
ҶչʵǲܻҶģȻҶҪҲǲܵġ
Ȼ֮ʣһҺд
Ԩɫ䣬Ĳҽҷǳҡ
̧ͷȥʱˣֻͷҺһžͱҶһǾŶ塣
Ѫ⣬Ⱦ˲񷣬Ŀɿڴ
ô£ԨţŸոճһͱˡ
Ȼܿ»ָ壬ǸղŵһĻѾ˵ˣܵķǳס
ܲģԹͷŭصҶ죬Ҫٴγȥ
һӰǰ
󲮣ʱһǰԨ
Ԩؿ˶Ҷһۣ漴䣬컹䲻ߡ
ûз˵ֱӴ˲ȥ
Χһˣ򻹳ڸղ𺳵һĻС
ֻѪħʥúҶ˲ش
յǳûнҶӵо񹥻似Ϣй¶ȥȻҲϣ˳


914 ıԲ
ܵķǳͻȻǳף˶֪ʲô£ֻʥϵǿߣ֪ղһ˲䷢ʲô
Ҷʩչ־񹥻似Ԫʥεĸˣ˵ֻСʥ۷Ԫ񣬾дԪҲס־񹥻
ֻʥǿߣܲں־񹥻
񹥻似ֻħźа̲ӵУݴ½ѾʧѾãû뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼӵֿµ似һλʥǿ߾̾
µǣ𾳽磬ȻѾ˿ʥεԪ֮ͬУ޵ˡһλʥǿ˵
Ҳһ似Ȼ£ҲЩս׿Էֹֻûжѡ
ս֮´˶Ҷ죬϶׼似ȡЧ
ô˵ҶһսѾˣܹ𾳽һλСʥ۷ǿߣڵҲֻһ˿õ

ʥ۷׷ףȫ˾̾
Щʥصǣɬͬţһݴ½ţÿһԳԽԺӣҶǰȴȻʧɫ
ʥǣҶĶ֣Ҳ𾳽磬ֱӾͱҶɱˡ
ʵţзǳƽ
Щ콾ͬһʱЩ˵ı簡ս̾
ˮͽʮĬĬֻĿг˲ʡ
ûо콾֣Щˣݴ½ǿţ˹עĶ
һǳԻͣǰЩҷӡľ콾ǣȫһҶľ콾
ⲻʵʱǾ콾ʵ
ֻо콾ݴ½˹עĶ󣬲ͨ񾳽ϵİ
ʱҶѾһ˰Χˡ
ϱǿߣҲЩǣҪύҶ졣
һ콾û˸СһɳǾݴ½һ
ЩʥصǣƽǷǳģʱ򣬶ԼͬطԼΣǳǫغҶ콻
ҶҲ֪һܱȶһҪã߲ܣǽû˿콾Ľ
úܶ˸̾ѣ츳ǫ飬ˣܳΪǿߣϹۡ
෴ЩΪǾŵʥǣ뵽ԼǰĽԸ񣬲ɵߺ죬˼Ҷ죬һľš
һΣҶʶ˲ʥصţкܶϱǿߣҰˡ
ݴ½Ȧӣֱʥˡ޴ڡԺԼɽׯƹȡۼɵġ
ҶѾΣӴҲεġ
ҶЩпǰһλʥټⲻǴݴ½ʥ٣Щʥͨ˿ԽӴģŪôء
ʥǲڱչǼ֮·Լżݴ½ߵʥ٣ԲŽ
ڣŻԻʱ٣ʥҲԽԽʥ֪
һΣλʥŶǣݴ½
ҶһսϢĴ֮ݴ½ٴα䶯ˣ˵Ҷݴ½һˡ
Ҳ˵콾ϵλ콾ȫҶ֮¡
ǽڴЩ콾ǵײˣһǳʡ
˭ݴ½ǿţ
˵ЩͨˣЩʥǿǣҲڴ
ԽԽˣʼĿŵ֮·ˣΪ֪Ǿ콾ǵս
콾ϾŵʥٽԽԽǰأŶԽˡ
ڴڼ䣬ҶһսҲΪ˷̸ʡ
ȻΪʧߵ˳ЦĶ
ѪҪԨȥҶƴˡ
Ҷʱ䣬Ҳûٳ棬Ϊοʱ䣬ڷûĵĴı䡣
Ѫħʥ
ϥҶ죬Ѫħʥпѣû뵽ԼͽǿŶãͿɾŴı䣬˦ʦˡ
˵ɾŴıˣԲ޵У֪ʲô⣿Ѫħʥڴš
ݴ½ɾŴı˺٣ЩʥҲû
ҲЩ콾õˣϾǶҷӡںܾ֮ǰѾ˲ٴı䣬ڿ϶Բˡ
а֮Զʱӡľ콾ԶʱѾ˾Ŵı䣬ϾǸʱаҵ㹻Ļĵı䡣

ͻȻҶ˫Ŀһ˫ڵĿ⣬貵âǳĳҡ
ĿɨеѪħʥǰһΪղŸоһ˿ļ¡
ôܣѪħʥǳ𾪣ʥǿ߰Ȼڸղŵһ˲оļ£ֱǲܰ
ȫˡ
ʦ𣡡Ҷ쿴Ѫħʥ˵ͷɫǳƽûʲô˷ܣҲûʲô飬ž޲
Ѫħʥɻ󣬲ɵʵʲôоܺ棬ϾǵһμɾŴıˡ
о覣ǳ侲Ե侲۷ʲô飬Ҳ޷ĵĲˡҶЩӵ˵ָо˵壬·һж֮С
·鱻Ŵ
һֻԼԺȥˡѪħʥЦҡҡͷµѾûʸָҶˣνʦͽҲֻһֶѣܹģֻһҶ졣
Ҷ˵ͷһûиѪħʥΪ˾Ŵı䣬ʹʵһ¥
ڣ㲻ս׺ʮֵҶҲСʥ۷ʵˡ
һʹʥҶʵͿȴʥڣʹǾʥڵǿߣҲһսˣ벻սܡ
ʱҶ죬͵һں磬Ȼʥ磬һɳ죬Ϊݴ½һ
Ҳѵġ
ıɣҲԲˣҵĿֻʣΨһˡҶ찵˼ɾŴıоԼǻƺ˺ܶࡣ
ãһں粻ѣѵһε٣˵񷣡
ೢǿ֮·ţǱһε񷣺ɱġ
үƺ˳ɹǿ֮·
ҲܹҡҶ뵽ڵʵ𾳽磬Ѿﵽ˼ޣҲ޷ˡ
Ҫ߷ֵ񷣣ôֻ¹ˡ
Ҫܹóڹ󷨣ʲô񷣶úˡ
գҶʱ֮Уȡ֪ʶʼ
ʱ֮һʱ䣬Ҳȥһ¡
콾ϾŵĵʥڿʼˣҶֻʱ󷨣ȥμӵ
һ죬콾Ͼ˹עĶ󣬾ҶҲķͷ
˭֪ôͳΪ˵ʥкܴʳΪݴ½һ
ǿǵ񰡣ǿ߶ҪԴĵʦЩʥ͸ӱ˵ˡ
ҶԼҲ֪ԺҲ콾Ͼŵģϴ콾ϾţԷϵ˿


915 
ʥǳģ޷һЩͽᵤӺ콾ϾŶѣҶףع콾Ͼ֮󣬱صԼˡ
һصӣҶб¶һ˿֮ɫĿתţ˵¼Ȼˣֺαô͵͵Ҽˣ
֨
ҶĻ£һڨЦ˽
ҶСѲҪᣬֻǲЩ˷ֶѡЩε˵˵Ҷ첻𣿾ôǿҲᷢԼɣ
֪ҶɾŴı֮ԪҲǵʥ۷塣
ǷʥĻκ˶ҶӦ
ֻҶҲЩ𾪣Ϊǰʵǳǿ󣬾Ȼʥ۷ǿߣѪħʥǿࡣ
ΪԼһҪЩˣ˵ʲôݣ
Ҷгɻ󣬲ɵüؿǰĽߣʵ֪ǰ£
ûʲô飬ֻҪСȥ̫ͼ죬ȻʱҪСԼæ˵
̫Ҷбҵâ
̫֣һ뵽̫ʱ̫硣
һ׾̫ҶҲһֱڴ̫˵䣬ȴʼûеõκϢ
ǰˣĪ̫ĺ
գҶ첻ɫʵǰҪȥ̫ͣȽһƲС
С֡ԹһЦ漴˵ҶʵǿҲֻһѣѵʥ۷ǿ߼ɵ
ˣ߻ʩչʥܿռ䣬ʹҶֵನᱻȥ
ҶҲûֹҲŪŶǶ֪ʵֻҪȷǰǷ̫ĺҪΪʤ
գҶʮ֮һʩչ̫֮ƣһǰĽߡ
䣡
ֻʮ֮һҲǳֲǽɫӡϢĿֲѹӽߵͷϿѹ¡
̫֮ƣô̫֮ƣԣ̫֮Ƶˡһ漴ɻؿҶ졣
̫֮ƣ˲ķûйơ
Ҷ˸ҵĹâȷǰ֮˾̫ĺˣ˵ҴӦȥ̫ڣΪҺɽׯĽ޳һսȴս֮ǰ̫
ãؿҶһۣڵԣǰղʩչα̫֮ƣгɻ
ʵϣҶа֮һǴԶʱӡˡ
ڴ֮ǰѾȥԺˣҶ첢ҷӡľ콾ʱˡ
һˣôڽʶʵ̫˼ˡ
ߵʥ۷ǿߣûйֵ׷ʣֻҪȵҶǰ̫֮һжס
գҶǡ
˵ҵ̫֮ôȥ̫Ѿ似޸ĳ޵񹦣ǹ칦Ҷ찵뵽
ңú߿Ը
Ͼ̫λʦֻغ;Ϊû̫ܳΪ
ֻҶЩǣ̫ϲͷˣôһ㶼ûоֻһϢûд
ɻֻܵȵȥ̫ܽ⿪ˡ
ৣ
ѪħʥͻȻ֣ų˼Ҷ죬æʵղ˭ˣ
ʦ֪̫𣿡Ҷʵ޴ڣûз̫Ϣ
ϣѪħʥɫʱ䣬æţʩչʥɫղ̫
Ҷ״ЩȣѪħʥ֪̫ˣֻΪ޴û̫ļء
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ǰ̫͡
ʲôѪħʥ𾪣ЩŵؿҶ죬漴˺þãһ֪ϹʱΨһܹ;칬Ǳ̫ˡڣ칬û䣬̫Ѿݴ½ǿˡ
Ϊ޴ûطļأҶЩ𾪣̫ĺȻ칬
޴ûУ칬ҲûǵļأΪ̫κǵϢ칬Ҳκݴ½м¼̫ĴڡѪħʥԴҲǳɻ
Ҷüͷ̫ˣ칬овɸ˵ܡ
֪̫֮Ǵӻ᳤֪ģʵϣ̫ϢǸɳڶഫġѪħʥص˵м֪ܲڵ֮·ʵ̫ƹܣҴתսŹλǰǳ̫
ŶҶ𾪡
֮·˵תս徹Ȼ̫ĺģʵҪ֪ݴ½һ幦
ͽ㾡ȥ̫ɣģǲ˺ģҪǶе⣬޴Ҳס㣬οξȻ㣬ɼǷǳӵġѪħʥ˵
Ҷ˵ͷÿ̫ʲôϢ£ĺԵ޹Ѱ
գҶѪħʥǣҪ뿪ŶǣǰǸѾõġڡ
ʲôøе£
Ҷ֪ԷԱ㽫ӦԣҪǰһˡ
뿪Ŷ֮ǰҶս硢ˮǵ𣬼Լɽׯټ
漴Ҷȡһսɳ˾Ŷǡڴ棬ȡʱ֮о֪ʶ
սٶȻȲ˲ƣҶ첻Ÿʱ䣬Ҫо󷨣Ȼ˲ơ
䣡
Ȼս뿪Ŷǲʱ䣬һɾ޴ݺݺս档
Ҷսֱӱ鿪ǿನʱ֮ѣв󷨵Ҷ졣
˭
Ҷʱ֮ŭ֮ɫ
˭ʱܵŭˡ
Ҷ쿴ԶǸϤӰɱ޼ɵϯ
Ҷޱȱ䣬ͬĴѩ͸ǳ
Ҷ죡ҲɱصҶ죬г
˶ɱ죬ŭڡ
һαӮˣһһ˲ܹġɭ˵͵͵Ҷս뿪ŶǵģֱԶ˾Ŷǲų֡
ҶЩˣϾû뵽˻֣Ļʥ۷Ԫ񣬲ܲᷢ
ȻڲйأϾҪԪȫͶ롣
Ѱ·Ҷһһ˵һֱһֵҪ䣬˫֮еɱʵʻ
ûٶķϻҶȳ֣ǿľ۳һȥ
Ǿ񹥻ߣ״һЦһɫսףεľ񹥻档
ߣҶһθţȷЩ׼


916 ԩ·խ
Ҷû뵽Լľ񹥻Чϴ˴μȻԼǿ϶Ӧԡ
ȻΪ˷Ҷľ񹥻Ѿ׼һԵֵ񹥻սˣս׺пԨġ
գҶߵ׼ĵȫʵҺΣ
Ծ֪ˣţɭһЦһǿϢ϶Ȼ
ʥʥˣҶʱһ
ʱѾСʥ۷壬Ǵʥˣװʵȴʥڵǿߣ֮ǰҶսʵǿ౶
ҶûеģΪɾŴı֮ʵҲһΣ㾫񹥻ãڵʵҲȴʥڡ
£Ҷæս׺ʮֵӭ
þ񹥻ʵǴʥڶѡһЦģͬĹ
߶޵񹦣޴֣ɢſֲѹҶշѹ
ضڿ񱩣Ƭն׷ˣռѣ鿪
𣿡ҶǳһĨЦеʮֵǰɫħ۶ɣµħʱ񷣬˺ء
ħ
Ҷ
޵񹦣ʮֵ֮£˿µ
ƥħҲ֪жôӴ󣬴ŷڵħһϢݺݵغ档
¡¡
һ˲䣬ضһ
ɫȻ䣬ŵصҶ죬ʥڣôܣ㡭
䣡
ƥĺɫâֱˣǿֲನǽɳȥ
ȻûˣɫȴһƬڣŵصҶ졣
û뵽Ҷ첻þ񹥻ȻҲܷӳʥڵʵƾ޵񹦵ǿʵǿһ֡
ֻһ޵̫ʧˣҶ׷ʮ˲չޱߵӿʮ嫵磬Ƭ֡
ܵһɾ޴ѹٺˣٴδֵֵ
Ȼ첻ֹһ޵񹦣޵񹦱ͺ޵񹦣ֻԼ̰ವӡ
ԣǿߣֻһ޵񹦣ΪֻҪһ޵ߵľ磬Ǿ㹻ˡ
ֻû뵽Ҷÿһ޵񹦣ǿ似ϵ츳Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣ
ʵϣһ㣬ҶԼҲֻ̫ܹ鹦Լ츳ˡ
䣡
˫ײٶʧܶա
˵ʵȻ಻󣬵ҶȴռݾԵϷ磬սɣ޵񹦵Ҷ춼ѹ
ٸغ֮ѾѪȾˣѾ˱ıԵ
֪սȥ㲻Ҳ˵ġ
޺޵صҶһۣԹ֮ɫҶ죬ҵţһסģ֮·ϣһҪɱ㡣
˵գֱ˲ȥ
Ҷһûм׷Ϊ֪ɱ
֮·ߣҽʥʱڣҶЦȻɱһʥ磬ôɱ׾ˡ
ٴȡһսҶо󷨣һܶˣóһ벽ʥĿܣ濴ء
һ·϶ǳƽҶͿ˳ʻɽ˵оǧŰپʮʻǳ
Ҷʱ֮սңңɽɵø̾ѡ
ڣ
Ҷš
ʥ۷ǿѾظӦڵڣܹ֪ڵ߲Ρ
ڵʵһǷǳǿģһλ۷𣬺ɽλ벽ʥʮλ𼶱ĳϡ
׼ʥصУӦǷǳǿˡ
ֻʵҶȴǲһܹ֮ڡ
ǵõڱʮ˹һʱҶ컹ǳ𺳻ڵʮ꣬תۼʮȥˣѾԽˡ
ã֪ˡҶ˵
ҶĿһֱӳŻڷȥ
վסǻڣʲôˣٽɽʱĸڵĵӷȵ
ǸоҶЩɲ⣬ֱӸ뿪ˡ
۲ΣҲҵҵ·ߣҶ΢΢һɨ֪˵ʵЦһǿϢɨ
Ҫ֣ĸ۲εĻڵӣ㱻ҶǿϢɳȥ
ʵ̫ˡ
⻹ҶˣȴʥڵƣЩ۲εˣ޷ֵ
ǿ֪ͨϣһڵӿҶȥıӰ࣬ôֲˣǵһοоڵĳ϶ǿˡ
ʵ֪ͨڵĸֶѾӦǹǿϢȻֻһţҲˡ
ҶϢ˲ͷϤϢܻҶϢġ
֪λʥǰݹ٣ͻȻ֮г˾η
ʥ
ǿߣǻˡ
ֻڵɽ⣬һڳϣӭҶ졣
ǿҶʱȴɫһ䣬һ
Ҷ죬ݴ½ν˲֪
ҪǣھŶǲԶڱĵط͵֪ҶһսϢ
ôֲľ콾ǻڿɵﲻ
ңλ콾޴ڵĸ߲㣬ǿݴ½ǿ֮һ
뵽ڵһˣڣȫӭҶ죬η֮ɫ
վȺ֮УɫӵؿзҶ죬ôҲ벻Ҷ쾹Ȼﵽ˳ɾ͡
ҶھŶǻʱ򣬼ֱ׾ˣǷǳݡ
Ϊ

ʱҶӻ£ĿֱȺе
һڻˣʱһ㶣ƺû뵽Ҷġ
Ҷӣ˵ǲǵҶӣϽҶڵȵ
ҶƳһۣ⻨ڵȷмƣ⸱ȴУߵ죬ҵѡ
ǣûһ˵æͷǻڵĳϣȻʶҶ죬Ƿǳ˵ϢҪǻڰҶǿߣǾʥҲˡ
գλ˼ôǲǰΪڵ̫ϳˡ
ڸøĸ𣿡ҶŴȺ߳˵
ʲô˼
һԣɵýһ㶣׷ɻؿ
ЦʵѾˡ
ʲô˼ҶüͷʱӦĿ⳯ȥ
˺
޴Ŀռѷ챻˺鿪һҾ޴ս֮ж
ͬʱһӰսɳȫ̧УΪ׵ˣǰñҶܵ
㣡Ҷ쿴ɫʱһ
Ҷ죡ҲҶ죬ʱҧгݣɫڵĲٺˡ
ԩ·խ
ͬʱҶѾ˵˭ˣ졣


917 
˼ۺ죬Ҷصű˴ˣɱ졣
㻹ǲԣҶضɱǰδеңû뵽õġ¡ɵ˾Ȼ
Ҷûĸеһļ£漴ŭȵҶ죬ϲӣû棬ʶĸϽ
ϲҶͫһڵӣһ˲䱬ɱ⡣
¡¡
𶯣ҶıһƬ嫵Ѫڳ֣ǿֲɱͬоˣϯ硣
ڵ˶Ӵѹѹſڵϣ
Ǳߣ֮⣬Ҳ˵ԶԶģֵסǿѹ
Ҷ죬ɱҵģ˷ʱ䡣ŭȵȴ¶һ˿ûҶܡ
ɱ㣿ҶǳһĨЦһ˲䣬óһöɫķģ֮һͨ쳹صϱ

ʹô˷֮󣬹ȫǿʮ
Ҷ챾пȴʥڵʵһ˴ʥڵʵǿʱõöɫ䡣
ôܣ㾹Ȼֵȼķģ𾪣漴ȴһϣΪҶǾ칬ʥӣ칬ΪϹʱǿɣȷıҲûʲô˵ġ
ʮ˲Ҷȣ˲֣ʮͬڰ磬һС
֮⣬˲䱻ɱҲɳȥѪ硣
Ǵʥڵʵ
Ǵʥڵ޷ֵҶ˲ðͷҴܡ
Ҷ죬޴ںս𣿡ŭ±ɱˣЩﶼٻˣе񹦿һѪ
ѾҶѪˡ
һȺ˶ԶԶģҽӽ
˵ˣǾ칬ʥӣǾ칬ҪսֻҪǸҶЦ֣ԽԽ񱩡
˲䱻ɱΣķ˺ܶıԴƲء
ٴ壬ҷŭҶ죬ҪΪǾ칬ʥӾûܹɱ㣬֪ҽʲô²֪Ѿһﲻˣҳ֣Ҳɡ
Ŷ𣡡Ҷһһκ塣
ͣѪɣٴ壬ɭЦۺ»ģƻۺĻԼ֮£˭ҲȲ㣬Ǿ칬ǸϼһҲһűɱɡ
ۣʲôߣҶߵ
ҲϻѾһˣŰɣ۲Źġټ˲ȥΪֻ֪ᱻҶŰ
ҶҲûм׷ɱΪҲ֪ɱ
Щɻ󣬿üɵĲǸֻۣǲ֪Ǻηʥŵ˶ĳ
£ҶüͷȥһץԶɽͷ
ղ˵ۣ֪𣿡Ҷֱʵ
һ˵Ҵͷ˵ɡ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ϯ¡
ͳģеۡʡǰһź͵ϵһһϣһ˱ۡ
һ㱩¶˵츳գΪգԵΪҴҰļҴһֱҪͳһݴ½
ʵǰʱ۾Ѿݴ½һ޵֣Ǹʱǿţ֪Ǹʱ޷Աҷӡ˯
ǰѣһκɨݴ½һûһĶ֣ʥصŶܡ֪ڴʱȻ޷ʥٴҷӡ
һǰ۵ڶˣǰͬһδݴ½һ޵֣һնɱһλ콾ݴ½𶯲ѡ
ҲʱһĶŮӣ˽ˮӣǻڵһλʦ档
֪ʱȻ޷񾳽磬ٴҷӡϧˮȴԸҷӡԪľˡ
ǻڵĹӦ֪λˮʦ֮󣬻Ϊһ֮Ʈķ䵽ʮ˹ںˡ
ӦܹµõڲǰˣӦѾںˮӵ֮˵ھˮӣĵۺ󡣡
ǰ»ġ
һص˵
ҶĬΣЩϢһʵ̫ˣû뵽ⱳȻôš
κɨݴ½һ޵Уһնɱһλ콾
Ҷýֺͷ룬Ҳ֪Էɲ⣬ԲԼܿġ
ѹû˵ģҼҶ죬ҪǸʱ֪ҶĴڣɸˣɱҶ졣
õĵġ
Ҷ죬֪ںǿ󣬵۾Բܿģûнʥ֮ǰòҪ档ųĬҶ죬Сĵѵ
鲻ܣд㣬ô֮·ˣֱرʮ˹ȥҶ˵
öʱ֮ڸ޷֮·ûȥ֮·֪֮·һֻǰܺ˵ǿ֮·ʥǿ߻ͣƾõʵһ˻Ц
ţ֪ˣҲúҲȥ֮·Ҷü漴ֵ˵ͷֱ˲ȥˡ
ıӰ̾˿û뵽걱ʮ˹ǸСһѾɳ˵ز
ҲܹۿҲ˵뵽ȻۺǿǿĲ˼飬Ҷϣȴ漣
ҲһΣ漣Ҷϳ֡

ʦ֪𣿡
뿪֮ҶܿϵʦѪħʥ
ѪħʥΪ޴ڵ̫ϳϣȷ֪۵¼Һ˵Ĳࡣ
Ҷ죬֮·ۣһҪ˱ᣬ˱Ⱦ콾Ҫ¡
˱᣿ߣ£û˿Ҷ˱ᣬħ涼Уοһۡ
Ҷƣһڵ棬ս⡣
ʮһһִɽׯҶ촫Ѷ˽ʮ漴ȡһսʱ֮չȥˡ
Ҷȫ¶ս⣬ʱ޷ۣһ޳ڵ
ҶҪۣôǰҪͬǾ콾Ľ޳
Ͼ۵նɱһλ콾ڿ¸ǿ
Ҷ첻òʮ־ȫԼ
޳ҵĥʯϣ㲻ҪʧҶ˵
һαչҶûм󷨣ǿʼȫռ·ѾɹҪıǣǽһǿĵںϽȥ
һʱ䣬ʱ֮Уʮʱ䣬Ҷռﵽһµľ硣
Ҷ뵽ΨһԼʵķʽˡ
ͬʱɽׯ⹫Ҷͽ޳һսϢʱݴ½䶯ˡ
ǿߺȫһʱӿɽׯ


918 򵶹һ
졣
һϽɫĴУݳǵعڵϣǰϷһɫΣʱһˡ
䣡
һ̣һҵĹâһǿϢʱ
̧ͷȥֽɫһϽɫĹӰģǹϤȴ˲֪Է˭
ۣæ˵
ۣĴҲݴ½ǿţû֮һǿ
ֻ۵ͶӰı廹֮·С
ֻһͶӰǹɾʮΨҶϢȻ𺳣Ѿ޷۱ʵѾǷʥ˰ɣǿ
£
֮ʱϵʱһæۣΡ
ܿͽҶ˵ûκͼӴףҲûڸԼܣΪ֪û˵ѺܲңƭۣΪһ˫͸һеۡ
û֮ŭ۾
ֱ˵֮۲ŵڣ֪ˣ鲻㣬׼һ£Ҳ֮·ɡ
Ҷ죿ʱɻˣû뵽ûôŭⲻ
һСһѣ⣬Ҫ֮·ʱֽˡ۵˵
ʱȻǸûҶ콾Σһǰ۶նɱһλ콾οڡ
ң֮·Ϸ˼ȤĶ֣ʱû飬ԺҪٴˡ۵Ц
ʱޱȣˣǵһο۵Цݡ
˵۷ǳˣȾ磬ǽ񾳽磬˵飬ֻʣһˣǾƾеĶ֡
ۣݴ½һ֮Уѵƥе̲ס
һûУǲһа֮ӣԶʱаĵӣϹʱħˡǸϷ磬ȻأҲ²Ϲʱҷӡľ콾ʵҲǳ˵
𺳣˶콾ϵǿߣû뵽ͷ֮а֮ӣȻǴԶʱӡ˵ֱ˼
ֵһᣬһҲʶǵĶӣӵʮǿ֮һ塣һ˽̫衣̫ѾתսھŲˣʵ֮¡Ц
Ѿ˯ˣÿһγ޵֣һѵôǿţоǳ˷ܡ
ңҲ֤Ʋ⣬һݴ½ĻԻʱ
ҪΪ񣬾Ҫһ
ð𾪣һݴ½Ȼôţƥекüѡ
а֮ӡϷ磬ȫǻһʱĵ̣۶Ҫ̻ʵ벻ǿ󶼲С
̫衸˵ھŲľתս壬ݴ½һˣ·ʥҲκβá
ǵĻȻһ㣬ǳǿ󣬿ԻΪצ߲ʷˣӵ޵
Щ˱콾Ǹ
ߣЩ˲ľ콾
޳Ҷ죬̤ʥ磬Щ

ޱ޼ʵ֮УһҵĵâȻ񷣬ֱض롣
䣡
ֲһضڲ
·һǳеߣȫһĻˣΪ֪ǸղŵһڵϣԻ۹
ʥ
۹ĳǳ߶ǳ𺳡
ҲûжپȣΪʱ䣬Ҷͽ޳ԼսʱٽԽԽǿ߸
ʥǿߣ°ٶλѾϰˡ
ֲֻһǻǵһο˵ƺ뽣޳ԼսҶõġ
ʵǲ֪һҶġ
ʱҶڵսڸߴʮ׵ϿպţվڴͷϣЦݵԼղľһ
ռеɾˣһΪռĵһʽ־ͽ򵶹һ
Ҷŵ˵
һڼ뽣޳һս˸ˡ
СһĿǰ˵ѾҶļˣҪͻƣܹʥ硣
ռҶŸո̤һţ·ǿ֮·Ҫѣ֮·Ҫ嫡
ڵʵƾһԿȴʥڣҪս׺ʮֵʥˡҶ찵뵽
֮ǰڻһս˿ȴʥڵʵ
ڣҲпȴʥڵʵˡ
Ϊһ𣬾ֲʵֱ
˻ĵ̣һʥ磬ǾԻݴ½𺳵ġ
Ҷ춼Щ̲סҪںСˣ뵽һٵĿ£Ӳذסɼ
ڵĻۻܹþ콾񷣣Բ򵥡Ҷ찵Լܳ嶯
һںСҪֻԼ۵ޣһ
棬һҪŬԪٹãҵԪͻƣﵽʥľ硣Ҷ찵뵽
Ԫʥ۷壬ֻҪʱ֮Ҫ˶ãſȷʥԪˡ
ӵǿԪ񣬶ֵǷǳкôġ
ʵϣֻҪֵܹ٣ҶѾϧˡ
ֻҪһ٣˺֮·ͻƽ̹ܶ࣬Գưݴ½޵С
ҶĹؿҲΪҪһͻơ
ɽׯˣ
úҶ쿴ǰԶ¶ߴɽ壬һֱ罣·ű񽣣ڴ֮ϣâ¶
ݴ½ľŽɽǵһɽׯׯôͨľ޷壬ÿһǾϸѡת
ɽׯ㴦ھŽɽġ
ҶԦսɽׯĴȥѾǿ߸Ӧĳ֣ϳʱæ֪ͨɽׯ߲㡣
Ƭ֮Ҷսִɽׯſڵʱ򣬴ɽׯڲ˾죬׺
ȻǾ죬зʥ𣿡
Ҫ֪ʥҲ죬콾ĻҲֻа졣
ֻзʥ٣ɽׯŻþӭӣɽׯߵĽӴ񡣡

Ѿɽׯ׼սһǿߺŶǳ𾪣æɳ
ʱҶҲսһɽׯǿӭ˽
Ҷ죡
ȻǾ콾Ҳֻ죬ɽׯô
ǲҪˣҶ컹Ǿ칬ʥӣ칬Ȼûˣݻֵ𾴵ģϾ칬Ϲʱưݴ½

һ۷׷ף˾Ҷ첻죬Ҳ˾Ҷʵ顣
ǵۣı䲻ɽׯ߲˼ѾɳʥǿߣӭҶɽׯڲסõĵط


919 ǿ
ɽׯ
һ̻Ի͵¥ǰҶͺһվڴ˵ء
Ҷӣʥɽׯдõĵطƽֻзʥסϣᵡӡ˵Ϊɽׯһλ̫ϳϣʥǿߣ˿ȴҶǳ
Ҷ첻԰æ˵ǰˡ
ҶӣϴϴԼأ֪ҶǷ˵
ûҶҡҡͷҲ֪Щ޶Լıǳ⣬ÿҪսʱ򣬶ȥϴϴͬʱҲԼľ۷״̬
ȻⲢǽ޳Դ󣬷ǳҶ죬ҪԼǿ״̬չֳԱҶȫһս
ǺãҶ;Ͷ٣ϢɣͲˡ¶Цݣ漴ȥ
Ҷʥϥ£ʼޡ
ռһʽ֮Ҷ˿̵״̬Ѿ۷״̬Ҫս״̬ˡ
պԼսӣҲóȥεˡ
ֻǵڶ峿һȺ˱㴳˽Ϊ׵ĺȻս硢ʮˮˣ콾ϾţһЩʥصţҶھŶǽʶġ
Ȼյ֪Ҷ쵽Ϣ̽
Ҷ֣ɣսЦ˵Ҳ֪ҶϾҪͽ޳սˣԲ֪ǷҶ졣
ûµģҵ״̬Ѿﵽ۷壬ҪٵˡҶЦŰڰ֡
սԣ˿һȺ˱
УҶ֪ս硢ˮ˶óʥ˴ʥ磬ֻҪȵҶͽ޳һս󣬱ǰ֮·
ǻѯҶǷһȥҶԾܾˣΪҶ컹Ҫȥ̫û취Ӧǡ
֮Ҳ֮·̸еһЩ콾
ҵõϢһľ콾ȫˣۣصа֮ӺϷ磬еۼҵĵ˵̫̫衣ƺתսһµľ磬޵С˵һȭͺɱһλʥڵʥûж÷ֻƾǿս˵
ɵڰ˲ľתս壬Ҳûôֲ˿¿ҪɵھŲľתսˡˮ
̫ǳأǿţҲ֮СҲͷЩį
Щ콾ǲ̫Զˡ
ˮȻҶ˵ޡһսħʥҲȥ֮·˵ʵǿһ֣ҲδرЩ콾ҪСġ
Ҷ΢΢һˮʥΪеġ
ʵµĻǸɣսͻȻ˵
ˮɫһ䣬ߵ֮ȷЩʵҶҪˣҪСġ
ƺǸǳ˳ۡ
ҶҲЩЦ𣬸֣˵ȫѾ칬
Ҫ֪ھ칬Ҳֻһѡ
˾ԳƾҪԽѾǲѾ칬ˣǲѾˡ
ѹˮЩˬϾǺھ칬ģھġ
ҼסˣߣҶߵΪ칬ʥӣѵһ´ˣǾ̫˵ȥˡ
Сĵ㣬ӵʮǿе֮壬ʵۡа֮Щ콾١ˮѵͬԾ칬⹬ȻЩ˽⡣
Ҷ˵ͷԷΪԽ𣬿϶츳ǷȻ⡣
뵽ۣҶ첻ʵ֪ӵʲô𣿡
˵޵壬Ҳʮǿ֮һԶʱһλҲڣӵʡս
ҶԲûжľȣԷܹа֮ӡϷӵʮǿҲ˵ùȥˡ
˵ʮǿʣ˲ɵȤ
ңʮǿѾ˲ˡ
а֮ӵħ֮壬ϷĲ壬۵޵壬Ҷʥ̫ʥ壬֮塣
е壬ǿ²֪ʦƹһöﵤΪӵ塣콾ϾŲ
ٴ𾪣ǻǵһ˵뵽ǵܹа֮ӡϷӵʮǿҲˡ
һλӵʮǿʵľ콾ˡ
⣬ħ֮壬ǳڵǳ֮壬Ҳʮǿ֮һҲ֪
ʣµʮǿʣʥ壬Ϳ֮ˡ
˵ӵʥˣһͷǽɫģһ޵սս˵
ǸתսһҶ쾪ȵ
ȷˣʥȾתսǿˣܹɵڰ˲͵ھŲľתս塣ˮ˵
ǿ֮أʲô֮ҶʵֻںʱֹҲûгֹˣʮǿһǿʡ
ֻ˵֪սĿһ漴ҡͷ
ˮЦǾ칬⹬мأӵп֮ˣӵС񻯡츳һ֮еԶʮ
ԵġҶ԰̾ʮֱ̬ˣѹֱΪʮǿ֮һ
ʮ̫ˣѹֺųǿÿһ֣޵һʱ
ڣȻһӳ˶֪һʲǿ
˵ʵҶǺ棬ݴ½ǿҲǳ档
֮ʮʲǿΪЩǿʲûͬʱֹݴ½˶һǿ
ڣѵöλӵʮǿʵľ콾ͬһʱвɵñ˺ġ
ˣ˵Ҷֺ޳λ콾ûʮǿʵˣ֡սȻ˵
ҲЩ棬ûʮǿʣΪ콾ֱǷ˼
ôһݴ½Ҳֻн޳Ҷ˰ɡ
ģʮǿʲʮ˵
˶ʱһ漴ҲȻѹֽ޳ڽ츳ôǿ
ģ
ҶĿһ˵ͽСĳ֮Ĳ࣬ʣһ츳
ӵĵˣĽţڱķǳƽڽһϣȴǾԵĵһ
޳ͳڽңһƷʥĽʥϵ̵ټģҲѹֻΪ콾ˡ
Ҷ΢΢أǿߵĹͷǳֲҽ޳ӵģĹ˵ͬ׵һˡ
Ҷзǿս⣬޳Խǿ󣬺һսЧԽá
ֻкͬǿսԼƼޣԽҡ
úս˸ˣֻнʮһ
ţʮ£ҶӡУʮĬԣ£򲻻ᵥ
ҴϤһɽׯ֪ԸԸ⡣ʮ˵ɫǧ겻䡣
Ҷ캬Ц˵ͷãҶɽׯ񽣵ĵطЩȤ


920 ˪֮
ɽׯʲô
˵ݴ½߶֪Ǳ챦
ݴ½һϵıǳɽׯǵͼıǸ߼ʥǴ
֮⣬ɽׯı죬Ѿﵽ˳뻯ľ硣
ϧǣֻװݴ½ܶźѡ
˿̣ʮҶ죬ǰɽׯء
ǾŽɽеһɽ壬ɽ嶼ɳɫʯɣ¶ȷǳߣ˵һĻɽ
ɽһɽҽԶᱬ¶ȣȴǷǳߣȼϡ
ɽׯѾһɽֱͨɽڲһ·ϣҶɽׯ
Щ˴͸Ͻȥ߰õıȡ
ɽ߽ȥҶоΧ¶ԽԽߣµߣ޷ɽ
ͮͮģ޾ڿ֮ƣȵ¶ȣ˷·˴¯֮У޾տš
ˣ
һ֮Ҷһ졣
ԶһȵҽţΧһʯ̨ÿʯ̨涼мλʦڶ죬һѰѱë࣬ɢҫ۵ĺ⡣
ȻıǾƷĸȼУڶġ
ǰǽأʮָǰ˵
漴Ҷ˹ȥ⽣ʵǰڷűĵطΪ̫࣬޾Խнء
Ҷ췢ֽıҲֻ
ƺ֪Ҷɻ󣬽ʮ˵ʥǳ󣬾֮󣬻ҪʮʱԱá
󣬽ʮҶ죬ǰʥĵط
Щʥڻɽĺ֮¶ȷǳߣֻۼֵ߲ܵס
Ҷ쿴ЩʥߣһλչˣЩߣ꣬꣬ŮǵУû˿ɫʣΨǰʥ
ЩˣҶѾ²ˡ
ȻһԴʮǾǽū
ҶЩ𺳣ΪɽׯĽūֻͨߣû뵽һۼڱĵطǸˡ
ǲչʥĽūѣȵˣͻǿ⡣
Ǳᴩ֮󣬴󲿷˻ᱻȫѪҺֻܹҾҲһˣһΪʧ
ɽׯһׯͽʮĽūǼֱ֮һļʲŻ֡
չأΪ콾ѵõһʥȻ㲻ýģҲȥˡʮͻȻ˵
ҶһЩĶǰЩū뵽һԼõһʥôһ˾ҪȥˣЩܡ
ƺҶ˼ʮһ˿ͣ漴ǵʹǱѡūʱɽׯҲǵõԼͬ⡣УЩʥǵҪҪ
ǾȻͬ⣿Ҷ첻Ȼ
ʮЩ˻ٶЩ޷ѣɽׯ԰ǣǰɽׯĽūǹƽѡû˿ԹңЩҲǽ֣ǶԼչ˼ʮꡢϰıȶԼҪں
λӣʮ˵ĲǶԸΪЩʱһλϵĽū˵
˫ϣһʵıȻûгʣҶѾܵǹɾâˣһһѺý
Ҷ֣һĽһҲǵĴ磬ǶģԪˣ㲻ѡһѽɣʮȻ˵֮УȻһ˿
ҶϸǰˣߵԪȷˣûԥ˵ͷðɣ
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һ漴ĽһӱĿĺâҫ۵ԣѨ
һ˲䣬һƥķâӽ֮͸
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ѽ˪֮ˣһԷͶɣΪѽĶ죬Ƿеһֱ¯϶ΪһʣµʦΪԼİ£Ϊ˪֮ˣһѶʥһ͵ظѩ׵Ľ·ѽһ
ҶĿһϸѽͨɫǳķǹɾâγˡơֱӱȵĽһòֵ
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ҶԸоʮһܿȶ漴ʮɫؽӹ˪֮ˡ
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ΧĽūȫؿһĻޱȵݳǡ
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ҶĬ֪ɽׯؾĳҲ޷ֹϾɽׯ顣
ߺãʮĮڳһ˿⣬漴˪֮ˣһ̽˽һؿڡ
޾ѪҺӽһȫ˪֮ӿȥ
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Ҷ춼ɷâˡ
ңоĵΧ¶ȾȻڼ½
Ҫ֪ǻɽĺİ¶ȸߵķǳ£һͰˮ˲ͻᱻ
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ﾹȻһȱˡ
һУΪǰ˪֮ˡ
Ҷֵˡ
Ҷ֣ʧˣʮ˪֮˵ݸҶ죬漴һʬ壬뿪˴˵ء
ڰҶɫص˵ͷ֪ʮڿ϶ģͬΪū⽣һ˵ǽʮĸס
˪֮ˣḧ˪֮˵ĽҶ췢ѽȻųԼԸܵһɲˬĵ⣬ƣһİ˪
Ҷʵ̫ǿˣѱȻˬȴҲѲãֻܷĽ
ǺǣǸӦڵϵ⣬֪㲻ýģԺܲˡʱһҶı
Ҷʱһ亹ϻͷԼ֪ʲôʱһӰȫ¶ɢŵɫĹâݡ
Ҷзǳ𺳣Ҫ֪ڵԪǿʥ۷壬ͬʥ۷ǿߣҲ
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ǰǣҶѯʣȴѾ˲²⡣
ȻЦ˵꣬ҲǽūǶΪʥ
ʣɽׯׯλ潣ʥ
Ҷǳ𺳣û뵽ܹʥˣңλ潣ʥѾΪʥˡ


921 ۷֮ս
ʥʥһǿߣɽׯׯһλ
Ҷû뵽ǿߣзǳԾʥӣƺֻһͶӰѡ
ɽׯʥõͶӰ𣿡Ҷвһ˿ɻ
ʥƺ֪Ҷ뷨Цҵıڱս֮ǰ㣬һ
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ҶԣʱȻ򣬽ʥȻ˷ʥ磬ôһȥսġ
ֻǽʥΪҪԼ
ǰʲô𣿡Ҷѯʵ
ʥҡҡͷЦûʲô飬ֻ뿴һ㣬жôĲƽ֪ܲ˵ݴ½ϣĿأúܶʥǳȡ
ҲǶõİɣҶЦ˵
ʥҡҡͷļλ콾УõĿɲֹһа֮ӺϷ綼ǵǿߡǶһơ
ŶҶʱȵؿʥ
ʥ˵а֮ӡϷЩˣʵӸǲʱǿҷӡġǵĵȻ񣬵ȴһˣֻʱŲŻУǶûС
Ҷ˼ص˵ͷ
ˣ
Ʈ׷Ѱȴʵʵڵشš
ҶܸܵԼˣѾǳǿˣԾһЩ
ǰѾˣ֪οҶͻȻʥЦ˵
ʥһƺû뵽ҶֱѯʣɵȻһЦ漴˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷϣҲǾ
ʲô˼Ҷٴѯʡ
Լ㼴ٵʲô飡ʥ˵գתȥ֮䣬ʧˡ
Ҷ΢΢漴׽ʥ˼
ٵıǿ֮·һο飬ɹο飬ϣɲǾ
һжҪҶǷʷǿΨһ硣

պ˪֮ˣҶصԼס˼Ƭ̣漴ͨƣˮ
ϡ氡ҶôСŮˣˮһƤشȤ
ҶЦҡҡͷ漴Ҳϻֱó˪֮ˣˮ˵ӣ鷳һ飬ҽѽתǺľѩ
Ƕʥˮ˲ͱѱˣ𾪵ؿҶ죬ɴ۾˵㲻ĿҼұѩʦðɣȰ㻹˰ɣʵ㣬ҳѩʦؿݴ½ӦѾһˣ㻹Ƿɣ
е˾ң㲻Ȱ˵ˡҶЦʱҲˡ
ֻˮȻƲҿ֪ĵӣֹһλӣҼұѩʦÿ㣿ΰɣ
ҶѾˣЦɣ㾡ܽѽǲҪ͸ˡ
˻棿ˮæɴ۾˵
ʥ⼸ݴ½ǿˣЩڿյġ
һˮ벻ĶУοӦĵɱڲ̺ŨĺϢǷǳʺǺһ
˵ʵ۹⻹ǲѽȷѩʦãϧ仨ˮ飬ȻˣСǿˡˮ̾գһҶ˪֮ˣ˷ܵظŽҶһġ
ιιι˵ˣľѩҪ£˽̰ī˰ҶЩĵѵ
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Ҷͽ޳ڵĵطһƬ񱩣ŰĽâ͵âǿֲռ񱩣Щʥˣľ
˭Ӯˣ
սʥȫǹɱըġ
һ֪˭ǿһЩ


925 
˭Ӯˣ
еʣŽȥĹâȴû¶ˮ档
Ҷͽ޳ˣȻȱվڰУĴأѾȥӿҵҽ
ǰҪǷݴ½Իʮ۹ˡ
˭Ӯˣ̲ס
Сѡһλʥ۷弶ǿߣҲ̲סҶͽ޳
ˣҶŶĽ޳һЦ֣Ѿ˵һԵʤ
޳˵ĵҵĽǿֻʱġ
˴˿֪˭Ӯˡ
Ҷ죡
Щ⡣
Ϊ޳Ǻ֮ǰͳΪģұҶʱ䳤ˣû뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼϡ
˶۹ۿһսԷǳҶʵʤҲԵʵ顣
Ҳ֪޳ֻǱҶһ㣬սĻºѷֳʤ
ʱ
Ҷͽ޳ȻڶԻ
ѾＫˡҶҡͷΪ޳Ľܹ֮
޳ȴ¶һĨŵЦݣ⻹Ҫл㣬ҿһ֮·
ŶҶ쾪ؿ޳
ֻ޳һ˫ޱȳң˵ռȻռô϶Ҳռеĵʵ;ͬ飬ֻҪʱ䣬һռġ
Ҷ𾪣׽޳Ľ츳жôˣԼһ룬Ҳ
϶ҲռҪ޳Լȥˡ
Ҷ֪Լռһõ˵ڣһȱ۳͡
޳ȴֻԼһˣҪܳʱ䣬󣬲ܹռ
ҺڴռҶЦ˵
޳ҲЦŵ˵ͷ漴һɳ죬ʧϿա
ս˼״Ҳ׷ȥȻҲ˲ʥǿߣҶкʥ۷弶ǿ߶кü
ЩʥǰûаҶ쵱ɺ󱲶ԴǵͬһദϾչֳʵѾǲˡ
Ҷ츳ӣֻҪȵҶΪʥôȻᳬԽǡ
ȻҲв˾Ҷ첻ɹʥϾǻû˵˭ɹǿ֮·
һУҶᣬֻҪԼгűɡ
˶뿪ˣҶȴû뿪ȥǷǳ棬ǰ붼룬û뵽Լȴܹ̤
Ҫǻڵ򣬾㷢Ҳ޷̽ɣΧԽԽֲǿҶ찵뵽
ֲֿԷκĿƼȻǿ󣬵ȴ޷̤
͵ĽҲᱻѹĩοͨࡣ
ֻгԽ𾳽磬ﵽʥ磬ܹ档
ǵĹɷǳԽλãԽǿ󣬵ǵʱҶ췢ԼѾ޷ˡ
һʥεǿߣ޷УжôĿֲ
ﵹһĺõطҶͻȻЦ
Ѿﵽʥ𣬺ٽһˣڴ˵أȴǿԼ
ǿѹӶѰͻƣԽޣߵľ硣
һʱɣҶ찵뵽ʱûʲôҪ顣
ȥ̫ҲؼһʱԼʵҪġ
ǣҶҪںһС磬ڴ֮ǰ뾡Լʵ
ǿһ֣ɹ񷣵ĻԽ
䣡
Ҷף̻¶һͬСɽСʯͷ汼

СɽСʯͷҪǷݴ½Ҷ촵ܴ֮⡣
ʯΪǿԵʣﵽһֲֿĳ̶ȣҶܳ
ҪǣȫλѹƣҶѪҺھ⣬ȫǿѹơ
ԽλãѹԽҶʼðһ˿˿ɫѪҺˡ
Ȼ¶壬ȴҶȹǿš
һţҶԼǿ˷ܵ뵽
ٶȣ꣬ܽӴʥڣʥڡ
СһСľͻƣҪ֪ʥѾǳֲˣҪһ㣬Ǹһɵġ
ȴʱ䡣
ҶûзŹ

ʱһʯϣվ꣬üͷǡ
ţСӾȻˣһ꾪ȵ
ǰȷĥСӵеСϧڵıرȴǲԶˡһ겻м
ȣֱȥ֮ǰǸʵ
ֱȥߣܵǡһߵ
Ǿȥɡ
׼ǵʱһֻɫĴֺ񷣬ǽס
Ƕʱɫ䡣
Ҳȥˡһŭߴ
漴Զ֮У߳һλߣǵҶ̫ʥ۷ǿߡ
߳ϣ
߳ϣʲô
ɫһг˼ɵ۳ϣɶʥ۷弶ǿߣʥڿԿġ
ߣ뿪̫ҪΪϷǵǵ˼ʵ㣬ϷԽҶȥ̫ģǱʲô˼ˡ߳һֱӽ˶˳ȥ
߳ϣѾȷݣֹ飬𣿡һŭ
ֻµѵ˭Υʦ档߳к˸
һҲ˵ˣǵڣƾʲôıһ˼̳Уӳиҵݴ½ͨ˶֪׸ٳΪڵĵϵʸ̳˼ı
ڵ־ΥϸҹϷԳִǹ߳ߵ
ʱɵѡ
һ껹ŭ߳ϣ˵ȷסǱ̫衣̫ı⡣
˵գת˲ˡ
̫衣߳һ˿ӣΪ̫Ľ۳ϣȻ֪̫˭
û˱Ǹ˽̫衵Ŀֲ
̫Զʱеڣ̫ѵҲ֮еڣ䣬ԶѲ²Ļġ
Ǳﶯġ
һѵһǱ̫Ϊ
ǿһЩ̫ĹϱǿߣȻ٣һʵǿ϶ѵΥ
һ̫׳ˣЩֻ֪Լ̫һ˲õĴжôΰѾˡ
ǹޱȵѵЩ׳ɸۺı
Ȼϱǿѹţ׳ʵĲ׳ǳ̫ľ콾֮ìܱԽˡ
Ҫ̫Զ֮·Ļ߳϶Ҷȥ̫


926 ǿ
䣡
Ҷͨһ۵ڴϡ
ѾܾûôˣҲֻϣҵֵ۵ĸо
ԼǼǿȣҶоͳ˼˷ܣȻǶĺõط

Ϣһ֮Ҷٴһľʯױ
ʱһϤǿϢ
ţҶʱü̧ͷȥĿ΢΢һ
̫߳ϣǸؿҶ죬˵ҶСѣҪͣˡ
ھҪȥ̫Ҷüǵλ˵ʲôʱȥ̫ġ
ѵ̫ıˣ̫ʲô飿
߳ԿЦص˵ͷЩҪ㲻Աǰˣ·˵
Ҷ˵ͷֱǰ߳϶ûе⡣
οԶԷʥ۷弶ʵҪԸҲô鷳
ûѪħʥ˵̫Ҫɱ޴Ҳ޷Ҷ졣
Ǻ;칬ͬȼ
䣡
߳ϴҶ죬ȥȻʧ֮С
ǰ̫·ϣ߳Ҳ̫ѵҶ졣
ԣ̫Ϊ̫׳ɣǲϣҽ̫Ķ𣿡Ҷ꣬˵
߳æ˵㲻õģȲ˵̫衱֮·ܶʱڻңǱϾˣ̫֮⣬˶ûв̫ƹܡ
Һܺ棬ѵǾûҪЩ𣿱Ͼ̫ıҶͻȻ˵
߳ԳĬƬ̣漴ؿҶ죬ص˵ʵ˵ǵȷй뷨˵ڰʮǰǻ˴ڿż󡭡
ôҶæʵ
ʮǰ
ʱ䣬ǲԽݴ½ʱ̫࣬ϾҲаʮˡ
żˣȫڵ߳ϲϵݣ̲ס¶֮ɫ
Ҷʱˡ
ڷǳŭǣѵټż߳ϼ˵г˼
ڿ̫
ݴ½߿֪̫ܲ˭Ϊ̫ĺȻ̫ݣǿǾ칬Ĵʦ֣ԶʱһֻĴʦ֡
̫ʱһ˻ʵĴӡ
ȻţѾûʲôǼˡ
̫ı෴ôҪˡ
ôܣôȥˣ̫ţҶһ𺳡
ǻ߳ϣ̫ˡ
Ҫ̫ţһλŵ𣬶һǿֻ;ǵȸ
ҲǾԲѪڣ޷ð߳ϼᶨ˵ǲż֮һġ
ңЩ̫ǿߣȫкһľһ˿Դ˲ܴ
ΪˣЩ˲żӵѵȫݴ½ѰҶټ
ȻˣΪЩ׳ɻҪΥѵأҶ첻üͷ
ΪǺ֮ǰıһǣΪҪռıŹ˻ԣ
ﶯİ
߳ɬ̾
ҲܹЩ׳ɣϾ̫̫ʱǿߣĵڻţôһϢûУ
ԣҲѹǲϢˡ
¡¡
ȻҶоΧһһɺ嫡ϵĻʵϢʱ
ҶȥֻΧǿѾʧˣȡ֮һƬ嫵Ĵ磬·ǵڶݴ½
½ǳӴ൱ݴ½İٷ֮һ潭ɽȫУǳʵ
Ҷɨӳȥܹෲˣиȼߡ½ϣвٵ۹ԺѧԺһɡ
ݴ½һ·һˡ
ҶԵ÷ǳ𺳡
һԵ߳ϷǳԺ˵ǵھŻС磬Ӧ˵硣ݴ½ҪŨʮ̫һס棬һֱ˼꣬⸱ʢ
ҶԾ̾ѡ
½ϵ࣬ȫ̫ĺǺݴ½һչܡ
ֻǿźϵǿߣ֪ݴ½Ĵڣ֪̫Ĵڡ
̫ڰ½һš
Ҽǵõ̫ңҸ֪ݴ½Ĵʱ˶ˡʵԼĴ½֮⣬Ȼиģ嫵硣߳ϸп˵
ͺصһµ֮аɡҶ˼Ц
߳۾һͷָо
ʵݴ½ҲֻеĲ׺һڣǻûҶ˵
Ѿ֪ݴ½Ǳʱһ޴󷨷ӡ
棬ĵˡ
ȻǸǿ֣ǰˣǺڰЩޣǧеһֶѡ
ͬ౻ڵһǱݴ½ҲֻгȥĹͺ嫡Ҷ찵뵽
ʱڴǿգǿգȴݴ½ڵƬǿˣȻڵھŻʴ統С
Ƭǿ֮Уɢһ޴ʯЩʯ棬һ̻Ի͵Ĺ
̫ܲ
̫Ҷеǳ𺳡
֮̽Уǧɫÿһ֮УһʥĴڡ
ô๬Ļӽʥˡ
޴ҲֻаٶλʥҶ̫ΪôǿˣΪѪħʥôˡ
ԿԺɨݴ½ֻݴ½е̫ɡ
ˣҶ컹ӦɳԽ߳ϵǿϢǾǷʥ
λʥʥ̫ʵ˵ǻصʵ
̫ôܵôʥҶ̲ס̾
߳Ц˵˸㣬СУӳԣ̫ʥܻ꣬Ȼöˡ
ҶȻ
ʵϹĩʱǾһսƣǾ칬ҲͲûˡ߳˵
ҶЩɻʱ򵽵׷ʲô飿ҵǺйأ̫ʱڸ𣿡
ǵʱҲܵĽͬһλӣ̫ʱɲǾ칬ֻܰƶˣԲûʧЩˡ߳˵
Ǿ칬ѵûеƣҶԶʱɻˡ
߳ҡͷôܣǾ칬ĵȻеģȻΪػƾһ˾Ϳݴ½¸㣬̫ݴ½ȥ칬ܱػһɱֵֻƿʹôƣǾ칬мƻûڵʱʹðˡ
Ҷ𺳲ѣû뵽ػôֲЩ棬칬ʲôƣǾҲػôֲɡ


927 ̫һ
һʯϵĽɫеһſŽɫǳںڰ֮ɢҫ۵Ĺâ
߳˵Щɫ֮ڣж죬ЩеʥС硣
̫ľӢۼ
ܹЩߣҲ𾳽ϡ
Щµߣ̫ĵϵҲҪȥ½ֻдﵽ𾳽磬õ̫С
߰ɣλѾڵˣżҲܹѵʡҹζࡣ߳æ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴棬Զһɫ
ɫҪܶ࣬Ҷиܵʮ˹ǿϢÿһ֮߳¡
Ȼʮλʥ۷ǿߣҶ찵𺳲ѣ̫ʵֲ̫ˡ
ңҶ֪ݴ½ȱܵĻô̫϶͵ˡ
䣡
Ŵ򿪡
ʮ˫ҵĿ⣬һҶ쿴ǲûе⣬ֻǷǳҶѵе
Ҷ죬λǰҶ˵ͷȻֵ̫ܣЩǰϾЩٶǻ˼ǧ꣬Ϲүүүү㹻ˡ
ض񣡡һĲ
Ҷȥǰųӵľͷһλֻ꣬˫Ŀ⣬·£ʱĺۼ
ʱ߳ѾҶҲ漴߳ϵߡ
߳ϸҶ̫ܵĴϣΪһַϻͯĹʵԽǿԽԽСԲʱ򣬱ܹΪʥ
Ҷһ𣬺Ȼλ̫Ĵϣ¾ԲѾԶˡ
̫λʥˡ
ˣǸ׳ɵľ콾̫衣˵Ѿ˵ھŲľתս壬ӵ壬Ȼûľ磬ʵǷʥжĴڡ
뵽̫ӴʵҶ찵𺳲ѡ
ҶСѣѾȷϹˣѵ˵ǸˡʱĴٴοˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ֪Ǻɻڽʶʵֻһʱ䡣ǳҼ̫ǳһǿʱ̫ĩ̫еھŻʣֻ;𡣡
˻
ԭˣ
ѹ֣
̫һڳԣʱȻĴڣȻ֪̫ǳǿʱ֪˵ˣݴ½ĸʱΡ
ֻ֮ǰû뵽Ҷʶڵġ
ô˵̫֮Ҳʱڴڸˣ߳϶ʱʵ
ʱֻ̫𾳽磬һƷҾ˵ھŻʵĸ죬̫֮ơҶ˵ͷ
һ̫ĳϾȲѣǻû뵽̫֮ƵĴ죬еھŻʲ롣
Ҳ֪Ҫʲôˣٴο˵ޱ飬ֻһ˫ޱȡ
ҺֻԼὫһΪݣһݽ𱣹ܣһݱǽ̫ܣԺȥȡ룬̫żУӦһݵıĶҾͲˡҶ쵭˵
ʲô̫ĳȲʵܲãλҲû˵ʲôֻǳĬؿҶ졣
Ҷ쿴һԵ߳ϣ߳ЩǸؿЦֻЩ棡
ҶЦߵǼֻйأֻҿʹã˵õҲã̫
һ̫ĳϺȵǿʥ۷ѹ
Ҷһʥ۷ԪһҲ塣
λ̫ĳ϶ʱ𾪲ѡ
ʱϰ˰֣ҶСѲؽ黳ǶǱﶯģҲͲˡ֮ô࣬ʵ֪ڵ䣬ĵģκαҲ
һ̫ĳҲ˵ͷ

ٺٶıҲȲһ
ֻҪ̫ҵ̫λǿߣô̫ݴ½ǿʵѾǿˡ
ҪһλĴУĴС
ңһλָǣǳΪʥ񶼲ǲܡ
Щʥ۷ǿߣУûʲôȳΪʥҪˣ̫ı
ʧˣ߳ҵң֪̫Ĵڣ֪Ǿ̫ĺҶҡҡͷҪ֪̫٣ֱȥ̫ˣõ
һ̫ĳԣɵüͷ
˵֪ûƭǣҾܺһЩʲôϢЩϢҲܹҵڡ
Ҳ˵Ķԣʵ벻ʲôϢˣ̫ǳһΣҲûеõ̫κһϢҶҡͷ
һ̫ĳϸʧˡ
߳ʱ˵λҶСȽżɣҲ棬ҶСѻõڵҲ˵
λ۾ʱһ
ûнż֪żһУҲ߳˵һҲ˵
£ϵ˵ͷߣҶСȥżɣǾ͵ȴĺϢ
ҶЩ죬û뵽̫µżô򵥣˿ʼЩ̫ĳЩ֮⣬ȴûʲôֹж
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
˵ʵԽּ򵥵飬ҶоԽֲõĸо
ʱҶҲ벻ʲôԾĵطֻܸ߳ǰ̫ż
̫żǳӴǾһɫĹ̫
̫ΧʯĽɫģġ
ʵżкܶ࣬ĶѾȫˣֻʣĹҲȥ߳˵
ʮλʥ۷ǿһ֣޷ķ
Ҫ֪ǵĴϡϡϿɶʮλʥ۷ǿһ𹥻ԶԷʥвˡ
ǲ²⣬ķ񼶱Ҫλʥܹơ
Ҳ׼ҷӡλʥģҲʱǶ̫Ż̿ա
飬ҶҲ֪ˡ
˷ô룿ҶЦ
߳ҡҡͷҲΪܹ˽ȥѾ̫ļˣǲܺķѴۻѼλҷӡ㡣
Ҷ˵ͷҲûҪ̫İæϾ˼ڵıﶼҪõˣѵҪǰᶫɣ
գҶԷǰȥ׼̽һ̫̽
ʱһɫâӲԶ֮б˲ͳҶǰסȥ·
̫һʲô߳Ͽˣʱȵ
Ҷһǰӣٿ߳ϵ̬ȣʱ֪˾̫׳һǿˡ
Ȼûô򵥣Ҷ찵뵽Ҳû⣬Ͼ׼Ҫõ̫Ķô򵥵ġ
ǰȻֻ𾳽磬ǹǿϢȴһ㶼ڽ޳֮£й֮


928 ·
ǿ
ǰԶ̫һҶһа𾪲ѡ
ΪﵽʥǿߣҶȻԱ˵Ӧǳ׼ȷǰ̫һ֮꣬ǿѾԽʥˡ
Ϊˣǰ̫һŻ޳ʵ
ԷǾ콾ûҶͽ޳츳Ȳս硢ǵţǶԷӵ콾ʵ
ڰ˲ľתս壡
Ҷ첻ö룬Ͳµʵ
Ȼػ˵ֻдﵽʥ磬ܳܵڰ˲ľתս壬ǶԷϾ̫ĺӵоתսĴУ˵ֶΣ𾳽߾ɵڰ˲ľתս塣
Ӧúѣ̫ǿ߾͸ˡ
߳ϣ̫صأѰĵӶ̤룬ôһ̤
Ǹ̫һ꿪ˣûж࿴ҶһֱۣӶ߳˵
ֻͬ۵ӣ̫һûж߳жء
߳Ȼʵǿȴƺǳɵǰ̫һüҶˣǳϻһͨľѵҪϻ᣿
Ӳңֻ̫ڽ֮·ǰ˵Բ̤Ҳ֪ӵͬ볤ϻͬԡ
̫һ˵ĮĿɨҶ죬ԣģҹȥ򡭡ɱ⣡
һɱգֲɱֱϯΧ¶ֱͬת䵽˶졣
ߣҶʱһüͷ𣬵Ͼ̫£ɵÿ߳ϡ
߳üͷЩ꣬û뵽̫һȻûǰ֮·̫µĺ֡
߳ϳĬҶЩˣ˵߳ϣô˵
ǳϻᶼͬż߳ϻû˵꣬ͱҶˡ
ֻҶһ̤ǰǿƶʱȵǾͺãȻͬ⣬Ҿֱӽˡù·
Ҷ߳ϵĻ󣬱ͻȻӡһ˲ͷų޵񹦣ɫ񶦣ǰ̫һȻײȥ
Ŷ񣿡
̫һһ˫Ȼ󣬲м˵ϧ㲻ŶһǶЩв
Ŷһ
Ҷ¶һ˿ɻ֮ɫ
ûҶ룬̫һѾ˹һֱһαûʩչʲô似ֱƾǿһȭһɫ񶦡
գ֮䣬ɫ񶦣ȫ顣
ҶɱǽɫȭͷһҵȭâȫѪɫѪͬڵҽױˡ
̫ǿˡ
Ҷзǳ𺳡
̫һֱһ޵еս
ҶܵǰδеǿѹȸУ߳λʥ۷ǿߣûָо
ǶԷǿȷʥǿĿֲѹȸС
ӵҪʲôΪǵ壬Ѿȴˡ
䣡
Ҷʵȫռεعȥ򵶹һΪֲ̫һϡ
ǽûã̫һֻǱâȴû񵱳޳
˲ͻָ壬Ȼ͵ɱ˹
¡¡
Ҷսˣ޷⡣
ͬڽ޳̫һޱǿȻĹȲϽ޳ǷҶ춼Ҫֲ
һǿȴҶǿƥĹöԷ˵ˡ
ȻҶƾ̫ͼټ̫һĹ罣޳ͬҲ޷Ҷ졣
ػؼսǧУǲʤ
Ǻαأ
̫һżķҲ֪ҶҲδܹȥֱ˷ʱ䡣
ֲʤٴһ궼ûá

߳ϸȵ
ϧҶ̫һѾ̶ȣô֣˵̫һܣҶҲܡ
̫̫֮⣬ȻǿߣʺĥҡҶսⲪ֮ǰ뽣޳һսѾܶ࣬һ޳ȼǿߣ˷ܶôܰ֡
̫һɫЩѿû뵽ҶʵôǿǿǿҶĶ֡
̫̫
һαҶ򵶹һˣ̫һͻȻȵ
ţҶüͷ
Զ߳ϣȴɫһ䣬æȵס죬̫һǾҶ̫Ǹƭϻᣡ
Щˡ
Ҷеɻ
ʱ򣬴ӲԶǿϢһ㶼̫һ֮¡
̶Ƭ֮䣬̫һһڳУ̫һɢϢȫһģһ
Ǿתսڰ˲㣡Ҷжʱһͬʱޱ𾪣ǿߣ̫Ȼ
ɶǿȾ콾
ңǸѾɾתսھŲ̫衡
ѹ׳ܹ̫ĳϻΌ⣡Ҷʱ׳ɵǿ
̫ܣǰ˳Ϊʥô̫Ȩṹ¾Ҫдˡ
̫̫ǾҲ̫ǾȻƭϻᣬãõúܣ߳ϴʱǳŭ
̫һؿһ߳ϣӵֻӵ
߳
С㶼޷̫Ҷ죬û£ѾһǿƬնˡ
ߣҶһֱϣʱɲһ˿һأռȫ
䣡
ײһǸ̫ɳȥҶͬҲɳȥȶԷҪԶ
û취һﶼ˵ڰ˲ľתս壬̫ǿˣֱǴСǿǶѡ
Ȼе㱾£̫һ̫һϣ̫۾һУ˲ֹסΣٴγҶ
ͬʱ̫һ̫ҲһۣҶΧɱ
һԵ߳Ȼŭȣȴûв֮սȻʲô˼ɡ
ǿϢҶɫһ漴ȵҵġ
˲䣡
Ҷǿʥ۷弶Ԫȫһɹɾâ̫һϯ
ֲֿľ񹥻ʵʻˣΧնѡ
áǾ񹥻

ôᾫ񹥻
̫һ˶ʱдģޱȣѪ
˵Ȼǿ󣬵ԪȴֻСʥ𣬱Ƚ޳Զˣս硢ǳǶԶˡ
ҶԪȴǴﵽ۷壬Ȼ˲شˡ
ˣҶ컹һУԶ߳϶ʱϲǴҶ䣬Ϊ˷ֹ׳ɷ֣һֱû˵
Ȼ׳֪ˣҲȥ̽ҶϢʱҶͽ޳һսûչ¶񹥻似̫һ˲֪ҶһУҲûǰ׼÷񹥻սˡ
䵽⸱³
Ȼޱǿ󣬵ǱϾûнʥ磬Ҷǿʥ۷Ԫǲ̫Զˡ
Ԫܵشʹ̫һ˵ʵӲʮ֮һҶһͺɳȥˡ
Ҳ޷ֹҶˡ
ȻҶ׼żʱ̫֮УͻȻѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬ɫ⣬һ˫֮ۡ
̫衣
Զ߳ϵľ
Ҷɫʱ䡣


929 һ
̫衣
̫ɾתսھŲӣҶڼλµǿߡ
ռѿһ˫貵Ľɫӣۣ֮͸ҵĹԣ̫һ㣬궼ļµâ
һ˲䣬ģĺڰռ棬˿һ߸ߴΰɢһⷽضսϢ
תսھŲ㣬ǿ
˵һ塣
̫ǿˣҶһ壬̫衵ʵѾȷʥˣһһķʥ
ңԷԪԴﵽʥ磬ȻѾʥˡ
ʥľ磬ټ壬̫衵ʵɲݡ
ͶӰ߳ϳ˵֮·Ŀռ⣬˾ǷʥҲ޷ͶӰֻƿ̫衵ǿ
ͶӰôֲο
Ҷжʱһ
䣡
ڴʱԶٶȴһǿϢȻ̫衣Ҳ˶١
ϢЩϤ
Ҷ߳϶ʱͷȥ
ϣ
ˣҶ߳϶ʱ۾һ
һϤ꣬һ˫϶ӣǴ˿̣ϱ˾춯صϢлһɫľӣֻԴôС
ɫľӣֱһִĽɫֱӽ̫衵ͶӰڵĿռ䶨סˡ
ʹ̫衵ͶӰû취ٹ˫ʹ˽סˡ

Ҷ찵ľ
򲻿ֻʥ۷徳Ĵ϶Կʥ̫衡
󣡳ϣƬڰҵĿռ䱳󣬴һŭĺԼһɸӿֲϢ
̫衷ŭˡ
ɫޱ仯˵ѵΥǳϻ˵ľ
ҶڰĿռ䱳˫ɫӣҵĹâ˸ϣƺڳ˼ʲô
ãŴһҿһֻҪܹһʸż
Ҷһȴû˵
߳ȵУ˾תսھŲ㣬ʥ磬ʥ綼ûУⲻƽ
û˵ȻҲͬ߳ϵĻ
ҪƽһԵ̫һߵżһ˽ȥʲôƽ
Ҫż̫һ̫Ц
̫ҲЦɣǶ̫衺ģֻһͶӰҲȷʥԲҶڿԵֵġ
ĿɿڴǣҶԼʱ˵ϣ߳ϣİɡ
Ҷ죡߳Զʱ𾪡
üؿ˹
ৣ
Ҷڰռ䱳˫ɫӶȻҶ죬Ŀһ˿֮ɫƺû뵽Ҷͬ⡣
˫궼ĽɫӣҶ˵Ҿ粻㣬һУյҽʥ磬ٻһս
Ȼʵ̫衣Ǵ˿̵Ҷ죬ȴս⡣
ܺãͳһ㣬ҽ첻ɱ㣬ͬһսĻᡣ̫衱
һ̣һɿֲϢӺڰĿռ䱳
˿һƣɫƣһʯôСɢϢ
̫֮ƣ
ٴδȵ
ⲻҶѧֳ汾̫֮ƣǱ̫ѾĽ˹칦̫֮ƣ޵񹦶Ҫǿ
ңŹ칦̫ǿʩչ͸ӿֲˡ
һ˲䣬ҶоܵĿռʱ䶼סˣⲻ̫ƿ˿ռʱ䣬һ̫ǿˣӶסƬռʱ䡣
ȻҶʵ㹻ҲܴĽ
ϧҶûʵ
ֻܶô˷ˣ
Ҷ΢΢һ̾гһöɫģɢųҵĹâͬһС̫һ㡣
Ҷ룬öγһŽɫƣǰס¡
䣡
ʱ̫֮Ѿ
ǿ񱩵õҶΧ˸ҿ´Ҳһû˿Ҷ춯÷ġ
öܷҶӾ칬õı֮һԵֵʥǿߵһιοֻ̫ͶӰ١
ⱾҶؼı˿̲ò˷ڴˡ
ΪҶҪõ̫Ķ
꣡
ǰĽɫƳѷ졣
ҶһЩģϾǵһζַģ̫衱һķʥҪǿ
ͶӰҲС
ҶĵǶˣǰɫĶƣջǵס̫衵Ĺ
µ̫֮ƣڽɢʣನҶһȭɳȥ
ǰĽɫƣҲɢ
ⲻܣԶ̫һŵŭ
Ե̫̫Ҳһѿ֮ɫоԳ𾪡
߳ЩϲЩȡ
ǻҺͺڰĿռ䱳̫ǽɫ۾涢Ҷһ㿪ʼɢ
ֻһĻ
֮·ս
һ䡣
ΧĿռѷҲˡ
̫һ̫̫һȥˡ
ҶһۣҲȥˡ
û뵽ܹ̫һȻֻͶӰҲǿȷʥһ߳̾ؿҶ죬˵
Ҷ΢΢һЦôܣֻǶһöĶѣҲ֪Ǿ칬ֱ
߳϶ʱȻ򣬵ͷּķģȻ˿ƣϹʱ϶࣬Ǿ칬ȻûˣǱȴûм٣̫Ҫࡣ
Ҷ˵ͷ
Ͼ̫Ȼھ칬֮£̫ôӵܣȻȥ౦Դ
෴칬ػһˣЩԴûжãȻޱȷ
ҲǵΪʲôкܶʵȥ칬Եˣϧػɱ
ȥɣʵ˵Ҳ뿴㵽ܲܽȥָ߳ǰĽɫ˵
̫ǳǿ󣬾㵱̫ȫһûн乥ơ
벻Ҷνȥ
ҶҲЩǰȴֲûиоʲô赲ɵɻؿ߳ϡ
߳϶ʱĿɿڴ㶵ôܣ㡭
˵ţҲ֣ȴӦһεĸĤƾþҲ޷ٴǰһ
Ϊ׼ģֻԽȥ߳ЦͬʱЩĽʺޡ
ǵڰȻΪһЩܽȥҲ̫ƫ˰ɡ
ٺ٣Ҷû뵽ôɾͿԽȥɵڨڨһЦһ̤˽ȥ
ֻ߳оâһҶӰѾʧˣֻʣȱ̫

һ̫Ҷ㿴һϤӰߴΰ͸һɺ޵еϢ
Ϊ̫ڲпռ䣬û뵽ֻһǰֻôһϤΰӰ
˲ֻ̫
ԶʱĵһɱаΰڣâҫԶʱһΪ֮Ȼʧɫ
ִֻأΨһˡ
仰쳹Զʱ˲֪˲


930 
ֻ
ȻݺԶʱ޵ֻ
ҶôҲ벻̫еˣȻֻ𣬶̫
⵽Ϊʲô
Ҷֵܣþòˣ룬˵ǲŷֱʮɣֻתģģֻǴ꣬Ŀӵˣ·޾ǿգ˿һǳ
Ҷ֪ʱֻѾǳԽ񾳽ˣǵǳλ̫ʱֻشˡ
ֻش磬ôͶӰǲҶɻ
ֻЦ˵Ҹ֮һһƲѵˣ˵ãôʦֺʦܸԱ֮һĹƬˣʦܵһףȡ𣿡
ʱ̫ԶˣھĹƬѾ֮·ˣģҳҵġҶ˵
˵ʲôʦܳ˾ôܣֻȴͻȻһɫ䣬г𾪡
һĸ𣬾ݴ½ˣҲɫڡ

ĸ֣һ㣬ֻը죬ɫ䡣
ôѵ֪㣬̫磬߾𣬶˸޵һʱҶɻؿֻ
ⲻܣֻǴ뿪̫źر㷢ޱ䣬ݴ½ھŻʦʦֵܣֱߵֵޡʦܾһģ뿪̫ʱʮѡҼǵʦܴ߶ǿ̫ǳھŻʦɱһĻʣҲ˫˫䣬ֻʣҺ̫ʦ֣ݴ½Զʱ
ܣ
Ҷͬҡͷ˵ڱǾ칬ʥӣˣ칬Ǿ̫ʱˣô˭ľ칬
ңֻĻشҶʱˡ
ֻ˵ãôʦֺʦܸԱһƬʦҵҲԶʱʱ˾칬ѵһضû𣿡
ôܣ칬ǾϹʱģˣϹʱԶʱһʱǸʱݴ½ֻоһλ˾칬ִϹʱֻǺƺˡҶ쾪
˵ֻҶ춼̳Ĭˡ
̫ˡ
Ҷֻ֪𲻿ƭԼֻҲ֪Ҷ첻ƭԼô⵽ǳʲô顣
ԭھϡ
Ѿ̫ĩˣôͻȻϹʱҳΪִϹʱ

ˣôϹʱǸ˭
Ҷûľһ亹оıݴ½㸲ľı
ѵĪǡͻȻֻɫٶһ䣬ƺ뵽ʲô˫ҵâҶϢһѹȻ١
ֻܿѹҶ죬ʵңǲûһԶʱļأϹʱļҲûУ԰ɣ
Ҷ˵ͷԶʱļغ٣֪ģֻڣа棬ˣаĶа֮ʱˣƺ֪Զʱ㿪ľ칬ңа̵ĺ˵аһսġϹʱ飬ڵǿ֪ƺǱһضǿĨм䡣
ֻһֱţֱҶ˵꣬һҹȻûв´һֻ֣ĻƿһУݴ½˶ӡ
Ҷ𾪡
ֻ𰡣ݴ½һǿˣҲֻʱ̫ʱľλ˻ʿˡ
ܹǿ߶ˣָֻжôֲ
ңа沢һսġֻԶʱкڵʱһݴ½Ǹʱ򣬼̫ʦ֣ݴ½һоλ𣬻мλǿߡһǿ߸࣬ʮλ𣬵ЩԶʱ𣬲òԱЩһͬھаһսġ
ʲôҶԾˣû뵽š
ֻ˵һսֻʣҺ̫ʦЩǿ߶ȫˣݴ½ǿҲʧҽҿľ칬аа̰źú󣬱̫뿪ݴ½ȥ̽ѰһϳΪ֪׽һ壬ݴ½Զƽ
أ̫ѵҲûϢ𣿡Ҷæʵ
ֻҡͷ˵ˣֻҸڹƬһں飬ҾͲ֪ˣӦĴˣΨһȷǣӦòû䣬ҲͲˡ
ȷ̫ĩˣҿڼʮǰǳ̫ǳģҲ̫ˡҶͻȻ˵
ȷһսҺ̫ʦ־Աߣϧʱǵʵ̫岻ֻ֡
ǳϹʱľ˭أҶ첻ɵüͷΪԼݴ½Ѿ֪Ĳˣʲôڰһ壬ֻһԣȴɵˡ
ֻ˵ⱳһֻһС
̫ʱĺۼĨˣԶʱĺۼĨˣ޸ˣϹʱĺۼҲĨˣûб޸ģҶĿǰ޷֤
һȷϣ
ͻȻҶڱʮ˹ׯܣæֻ˵
ֻ֮󣬳˼Ƭ̣ҡͷЦʱ̫ԶˣʱͺʱĺۼһĨˣҲʶׯܡ˵ĺпģΪȷһ޴ݴ½
Һֻ֣ĿֲΪҪΪʲôʵͳݴ½ҪôŪôŪαô鷳ҶȻɻ˵
ֻҡҡͷֲֹܺһǻɵˣһ壬Ҳɵľλڰ񡣡
ΣڻʵҪҳΪȥѰ̫䡣Ҷҡҡͷʵ̫ŪЩıҲûá
ֻ˵ͷܹܺãʵһУֹҪΪǸǿĴڡ
𣡡ҶЦһ£ʱҪΪѣο
ҶԼĵģ⣬ڴʵˣֻش磬Ƭ֮⣬̫绹ʲôöң
ʧˣʱһս̫ˣ󲿷ֱﶼݴ½߻ָԪûжĸ㡣ֻҡҡͷ˵Ƭ֮⣬ʦָһŹһʵͷʽ


931 ѡ
ŶʲôʲôʣֻĻЩʧҶ죬ʱЩʵ
ֻֻƣâһһƤ֮䡣
⹦תս壬ҵĹ۲죬Ӧ߲˰ɣǲľתս壬ľתս塣ֻ˵
ҶԶʱ۾һ
תսȲ˵̫һˣǸ̫衣Բ룬ľתս壬Ӧÿ𾳽Ϳڰ˲㣬ʥͿھŲ㡣
ҶӺ̫Ǹͷʽ
Ͼ̫µʣ϶ʮǿ֮һʸҶãֺαضһ٣
аڴţҶ첻ɵôһƤ飬صʵ
ʾȻǴ˵еġ
ʥ壡
Ҷʱˡ
ʥųݴ½ǿ֮壬ʥʣΪÿһʥӵߣػݴ½Ӣۣӵʣѹûгֹһˣȫݴ½ػߡ
ԣҲ˳ʥػ֮塣
Ǹ㣬ʦʵʥ壬취ֺʥķʽҪĴۺܴԼѡɣһԵֻ˵
Ҷ˵ͷȥԽԽ𾪡
ֻ˵ѡʲôˡ
Ҫʥ壬Ҫתս߲ĻΪŹǰ߲̫ģΪıͺʥ塣
Ź̫Ҳ̫ĺǡ
ϹʱĺгһţҲתսǸԼ˺㡣
Źߣ߲󣬶һѡ
ղѾ˵ˣ̫ǰ߲ľתս壬Ϊʥ壬Ҳ˵ֻҪתս߲㣬̫ķһļʥ塣
̫λķʽתսڰ˲͵ھŲ㣬ܸһ̫ʥӵп塣
һֺأ
ҲҶ̫һǸǿ̫衣ͿԿó̫ĺǣȫѡλĺ㣬ûѡʥ塣
Ϊʲôʥ岻ǿ
һļʣȻһļѾܴˣϾҲһʧܵĿԡ
ʥҪıڰ˲͵ھŲҪֵܺͣȵġ
Ӵļֵʹ̫˲Ҷһļʡ
˵һɵھŲľתս壬ͻֺαʥأ
˵ʵҶһ뷨Ǻ̫һڰ˲ľתս壬ԺʥھŲľתս壬ʱ츳ѹа֮ӡϷЩˡ
Ҷܿ뵽̫Է۽Ǻε֮ߣǰֻΪϣҶѡʥ壬ǿ϶ʥǰ;Ӻá
Ҷһʱԥ
Ҫ֪̫Ѿ׼ѪѪıЩʥ壬ɵڰ˲͵ھŲľתս塣
ҪѡʥĻһʧܣôЩȫ˷ˡ
ңʱûѪҶʲôȥתսھŲ㣿
෴ѡתսڰ˲͵ھŲ㣬ӰȫҶʱʵǿ
ţתս壿
ȻҶ۾һУǰֻѯʵֻش磬Ź̫紴ʱѾоתս𣿡
תս壬ΪʲôǾţߣֻ̫ǰ߲㰡
ֻЦͽоתս壬һֱûиı䡣֪ɻʲôʵ̫֪㹦ֻΪھŲľתս壬ʥ壬ԲûнǺĹֻû뵽ĺˡ
Ȼ
ҶԻȻ漴ԥ֮ɫᶨ˵ѡʥ壡
Ȼֻ̫ѡʥ壬ôҶȻǡ
ȻֻЦˣѡȷѡתսӰȫҲܹڶʱʵžתսճɾͣҲ壬ǵԺȻӵ壬ʱŹñʧˡ
Ļֻ˵ҶҲ֪ˡ
˵תսһߣǷ﹦Ϊÿһ嶼壬ֺαҪתսأ
ʥ壬㵽񾳽磬һֱãܹиߵļʳΪ
Ȼֻ̫𣬶ǳҶ죬ΪҶΪ⣬ʥʽʵΪ˰Ҷ𾳽硣

һҶ漴ֻһȡ˳ЩҲУתսڰ˲ı
ѪҪö࣬ǽɫѪҺȭͷСɢһɿֲ
Ҷ죬еһ˿
ֻȡ̫µľѪΧĿռʱ䶼·סˣͬǽɫѪҺžѪȴȸղѪʢ
ͺ̫Ĳࡣ
žѪʵǴʦµģһǴʦ񾳽ʱµģһµġֻ˵
Ҷ˵ͷҲоˣžѪϢһģһֻһȽǿʢѣȷͬһԴ
ˣʼɣܹɹġУϣҵʣǿףֻأȻֻ֪أûдбҲ޷ڸ㡣ٻأҶ졣ֻ˵գӰԽԽʧֻʣһƬƯڰС
ҶȡԼǿƬƬʱ϶ΪһһĹƬ
ֻ֮һˣ
ҶĿңʣµһƬ֮·һҪҵ
ҪģȽʥɡ
ﶼѾ׼ˣķҲУҶֻҪͰȥɡ
ֻһļʣֻܿˣҶԼǷǳŵģһ򶼺á
ϾҶǾ콾һǵӦ˶ľ콾ǰǻ˽޳Ϊһһǿߡ
ݴ½Ĵ󲿷ˣϣӵ޿ƥеˡ
ҲҶа֮ӡϷꡢЩ˶ơ
ʥ壬֪ǲǴ˵˵ǿ󡭡Ҷ찵ڴ
̫ķҶ쿪ʼϥ£ñղ裬ʼ
ʵʥ壬ʣתս壬Щ֮
ʣתս壬ֻøǿ󣬸ûиıʡʥ壬̫ľѪıʡֻ̫ľѪΪ̫ʥ壬˵ľѪûá
ΪʲôһļʣΪں̫ѪʱпܻŲסʱΪ˱ߣֻѡˡ
ҵǿ󣬱һǿˣں񾳽̫Ѫ»ǿӦÿԳŵסںϰɡ
ҶҲһ˿ġ
ں񾳽̫ѪѣϾ̫һ̫Ƕɹˣ˵̫ķǳȫ
𾳽ľѪǾͷǳֲˣĻ̫ҲͲֻһ̫ˡ


932 ʥ
˻
Ҷ쵹һ
ں񾳽̫ѪʱҪˣתս岻һ˵ںϡ
̫ľѪڸҶָǳԵǳпᡣ
Ҫǵ־Ȼһ˸Ųס
ʱҶҲ̫Ϊʲôû˸ѡʥ壬Ϊ־콾ѳŵù˵һĳɹˡ
̫ǿ̫衣ʵ츳ֻǺս硢һȼ˵ھŲľתս壬ûôţȡ
ѡʥ壬ǾԻʧܵġ
ϾҶ־콾̫ˣ̫ҲѵţΪⲻʵǿĳġ
ÿһ콾صľģԼ߳ġ
ʮǿʡ
ǣȻ̫Ȼʵǿ󣬵첢ûһֱǣһֱڣûгֹʮǿʵӵߣҲһֱ̫Ƶ顣
еʧɣҶ찵뵽漴ҧš
һδںС磬ҶԵĿѾˣ־ǳǿʹȻܣܳŵȥ
ҵڿǿڶɹһںСٸаˡҶЩ˷ܵ뵽
Ϊǿʵˣڣ̫µʥ巽ٴθһᡣ
ҶԭĴʥڣѾʥڣһڼ
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Ȼ˵ӵʥˣǳֲ˵ͬ硣
Ҷֻ𾳽磬ڵѾǳֲˡ
ʥ֮ôǷʥӽ񾳽ˡ
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ҶһɫսɢſֲϢǳǿ
ڵʵӦǴʥڣʮֵսʥӦþдʥ۷սҶһԼڵʵɵ˷
˵ʵÿǿһݣɹһںСٵļʱǸ

ҶСĵ̫µ𾳽磬Ŀޱȳҡ
ţһʥɣԼʵٴһ硣
ϾľѪԶľѪ
ǣеΣգҲˡ
̫׼ںʧܣҶҲʧȥʥĻᣬΣա
ŵһ׶ֻǶ⣬һβˣѪҺҶ찵뵽
ʥǽɫģѪҺҲǽɫģͬһѪ
ⲻǸҶѪҺǽѪҺһ㣬ǰӵѪҺԡ
ӵѪҺȻӵ޾ԪȴҶԪӺܶࡣ
Ҷڣֻ𾳽磬ֻǧ棬ǿóʣҲֻ߰ǧԪʥѡ
ʥ壬Ԫٷһ
а֮ӣȻҷӡҲԪģֻĵķǳٰˣϷҲˡ
ۻ˵ϾֻϷϹʱ
а֮Ӿ͸ӿֲˣԶʱôӡĵԪҲǳӴˣӵħ֮壬¼㲻Ҳò˶ˡ
ҶԼû⣬ΪԼڴ֮ǰ񾳽磬ʱԪޣͬ١
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Ѫ壬Ҷ鲻ԽصһʹУȷǿ˲ֹǧٱ
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ͺѾ˲Ʊصȼǰ֣ȴһλˣǼֱʹź
СһҪɹҶҧ鷢ֻӵʥ壬ԵֿһںСаա
һΣʧܡ
ʵǳпᣬƾҶŬƣڵɫѪҺѪҺеߣɵؾͱ̫Ѫһ·ǡ͡صҶ֮С
ѪҺȻΣɫѪҺҶȴκһѪҺ¶ԷľѪ
˵İԵҶʱʹذһ
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ЩɫѪҺϻ̫Ѫ˿̾Ȼ֮ǰѾɵĽ׶ΣٴǿҶ
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ǿѹ̫һ̫츳ôȴſʵҶԼĿֲܡ
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Ҷ챾Ǿ콾ʵޱǿ⿰ȷʥʵ͸ӿֲˡ
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Ҷ˵ֻ˵Զʱһִ֣̫Щޣݴ½Ҳʧܴ󡣶Ϊ̽Щ޵̫һǰһϳȻҲûгֹˣԶʱҲ͵ĻϹʱ
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ͬʱҶϵѪħʥѯڼ䣬ݴ½顣
ѪħʥҶ֪֮·Ѿˣ޳Ҷһս󣬱ͻʥ磬֮·ˡ
ս硢ˮʮţҲ֮·
ҶͽܣС̣ҲѧԺչֳ˾˵츳ѾΪһˡ
ѧԺ̫ףǼҶ֮󣬳ΪѧԺӡ
̫ɽͶ˫˫Ϊʥӡ
ҶҶˣѾѧԺѧԺǿˣѧԺѧԱ뾡취Ҷˡ
ҪΪҶ뽣޳һսѾݴ½ҶǱųΪʷǿ
ǳɳҲһˡҶЦҡҡͷ
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ı֣ȴѾһˣϾԺЩʥƽ۽ˣݴ½ǿ֮һ
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ͬʱʥصЩһǣҲʼչ¶츳ǰȥ֮·Ҳʼݴ½
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Ҷ֪Ҫ˵ʲô˵ͷھ޴ɢϢ˵ѾõһöħöħҲڱУôϾʹȥý硣
ǵͰԼڽ֮·ǰҶҪԼصĻý磬ȳʦ
ͬʱҶҲӰʦõһЩϹšԶʱš


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޴ڣѪħʥ̫ϳϵȨ֮£Ͼݴ½
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ҶǺε۹⣬һ۾Ϳ츳ǲܽʥˣлħ漣
Ҷ죡ÿҶ죬һ˿ϲɫԴϴҶڱʮ˹סһʱ˵ĹϵѾˣķ޹ϵ
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޳һʱӦ˶ľ콾һ۷š
ԣʱεˣ󲿷ֶǵϡ
ҶΪ˽޳һֽ޳ˣʹñʮ˹׻ָ
ָ֮󣬱ʮ˹ҲԽԽʢҲ˺üˡ
Ҷһıʮ˹꿡ܣֻҪţͶ
ҶҵķչΪѸ٣Ǳʮ˹û֮һ
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ʮ˹ֻҪԼչҪĲˡ
޳ǵȴʱ䣬Ҷÿ춼ڸΣǹһ·޵Ķ硣
ֱº󣬾칬⹬ˣһĸˣһߣ꣬һŮӡ
ͷ׷ղϣĿ֮һ˿ʵȴǳֲʥ۷徳ǿߡ
˿ԪˡҶһ̾ȻѾߵľͷˣƾǿʵҲûá
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Ȼ칬⹬Ҳǳľѩţ׼νýɰȫؽʥ硣
꣬һ֮󣬾صشҶ죬ȻѾϳҶˡ


935 
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һԵȻ֪ľѩĴڣʱҲЩԴףɵС죬Եúܿɰ
λýɣľѩã΢Ц
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣漴Ȼ칬⹬εǿľѩȻһֱھ칬⹬Ҳ֪ݴ½һЩ顣
һʼЩڣȻŮӵ˼ǱĪ⣬Ƭʱ䣬ŮһӾ˦Ҷ죬һߴߴ
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Ҷ죬λ޴ڵİƿǰΪʦİʦ𡣡ѪħʥٴθҶһλʥ۷ǿߡ
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κƤԼýΪ룬ҲҪûðҶùϵֻҪҶıӻҲͲõ󱲵İȫˡ
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ңλʮ峤Ϻ;칬⹬ļǰаƿǰһԪ϶һ
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ֻҪһ̣ƴһΣһ漣أ
ˣȻ˶ˣǾ߰ɣ̫һȻ˵ĿɨҶʱһ˿⡣
Ѫħʥ΢΢üڳʱֵС˵ˣҶҲûв죬мɵ̫Ҳֻһ
񣡡ʮ峤ϵһ̫һλѷ̫ű졣
Ȼ׳ɺͳϻǶģұϾ̫ˣʮ峤Ѿ٣λǿߣ̫һǷǳ𾴵ġ
λǳɣʱ䲻ˡס̫һ֮ʮ峤ϱЦŶ԰ƿ񡢼˵
ʱ䲻ˣ
ƿͼԣ˫˫һ˿Ȼ漴˵ͷ
Ƭ̺ʥ۷ǿߣȡһսһں󱲣Żýʻȥ
Ϊ˽ʡʱ䣬λʥ۷ǿߣ˴ʻȫս˲ƣٶȷǳ졣
սϣҶľѩЦŽ̸
籾ʹϵģǿ˼ҷһ𣬵ݡ
һߵ̫һֵܣȫ˷칬⹬ȥһӻң͸Ӳҽӽˡ
󣬰;칬⹬ű˴˽̸ҲǳľѩôʶҶ죬ԾӰ̽Ϣ
һ￴ЩԾŶľѩƳ˲Զ̫һֵһۣҶ
ҶһЦǰñϹѪôұء
ߣƶ죡ľѩߺصҶһۣ漴뵽̫ǿһĵ̫ݴ½ǿǾ칬⹬޴ڣʥ˼ǿ⡣
ôǿһԵöʱʵС֪ЩǿҶôǿʱĲѡ
Ҷں˵õˣϹ˷ʥ⣬˭Ҳɱ
˵ͽ޳һսʵӦòʥѣľѩȴûôúŪ˵
ҶٺһЦ͵͵һܣϹѾӵʥ壬ʥʵѾﵽʥΡ
ʥ壡ľѩԾʮǿʣȻ֪ʵǿ
ˣһˣ˵˵칬⹬ɡϴ̫˵ˣƺЩһѾסˣ׼Ǿ칬ȡ֮𣿡Ҷ漴⣬Դﵽʥ֮Ѿȫ̫һ˷ˡ
ЩҰļңȷˡľѩԣɫʱ


936 Ϯ
̫Ҷ˵ľ칬⹬ֻ̫ͺӪľ칬ġ
ضģʵΪʵûͷˡ
ޡħһսѾˣʾھ칬ˡ
κľѩһ꣬һģһħģǶҶ죬ǾԶ֮һкûд
ľѩ˵ǼɵػϣͶˣ칬ȡ֮
ƺҲõϢòػϵԪֲ࣬˶ãǲˡ
ңľѩҶСΪǲеڶػϳ֣Ҷ츳֮ˣǸӲ
ԣǳҪҶֵġ
ػһǾͻᶯ֣ҶЦػϻţݴ½ûĸʥҶ֣칬⹬˿϶֪ػϵĵƣԸӲҡ
ҶҪģػ֮ǰʥ硣
ֻҪһʥ磬ôݴ½ҲҲвĴˡ
ħ
ˣһд㣬νʥ֮󣬾ͻرʮ˹ɣݴ½ѾƽˡҶľѩ˵
ľѩüͷ㲻ȥ֮·
֮·ĳ̫ˣ֪ҵĹϵ϶ֵġҶҡҡͷȻûȥ֮·Ѿһˣһǿߡ
аħؽϷۣ꣬ǳǳӣ̫̫衣ǵʥŮһǾ콾š
ЩҶ춼Ҫɵ֣οľѩˡ
ľѩȻ츳Ҳͺǳһ֮·ϣʥǣΪܲȫ
ãľѩҶᶨĿ⣬漴˵ͷܹʥ磬Ѿˣûֳ񾳽Ұġ
䣡
ͻȻһǿɨõҶ˲侪ĿصؿԶա
һߴӰںڰ֮УֻĿ⣬Ҷڵս
ʥ۷壡Ҷ΢΢һ𣬲ˣ˵ϣܵһֲѪɱ¾Ϣ
ͬʱغͰƿ񣬻̫ʮ峤ϣȫˡ
еİƿͫһ̶ȵħɽ棬ôһҪսˣ
ҶһħɽͷǳǶ˰һǿߣʥ۷еĸ֣ʵǳֲ
²ֶΣַǳʥأ˲١
Ǿһӯħͷȴң⣬ʵʵ̫ǿˣǷʥԳ֣ݴ½ûܹκε
ħɽֲǰ׳գ»еߵģûаЩʥرƵޣЩʥҲ᲻úķѴۻڷʥԸ
ôһѵҪһҶɻؿԶħɽ棬Ȼ˷ǳǿ󣬵ǰƿҲǳصġ
Ҫ֪˵ԪѾﵽޣ֮ˣôʵѾͨ쳹صľ硣
ħɽǿֻҪûгΪʥ˵֡
䣡䣡
ڴʱԶ֮УٶȳֲϢһǰһ󣬽Ҷǵսס˽֮·
ҶͫһͻȻֵǿߣҲʥ۷ǿߣҺħɽһɱ¾ѪȵϢ
Ѫ棡ɫһ䡣
ħ𣡡ʮ峤üͷ
ƿɫҲܺã˰ǰǿ߶ˣǵӵǲСͲȲ
϶ԪαΪ޴ھңҿ㻹ȥɣһսض䡣ħ
ƥҲһ֪Ҫȥý紳һαڴ˷ѪɭȻЦ
ħɽһ̤ն̫ʮ峤ϣЦλؾ̫ĳϰɣǰֻҪ칬⹬޴ڵĻħ̫޹أϣϲҪ֡
˰ǿߵĻսϵһɫһ䡣
ƿͼضǽ֮ˣѱĲᶪǣȥ
ֻҶһ̹Ȼ֮ɫԷλʥ۷ǿߣҪߣû˿ס
ңΪƿͼػᶪǡ
ȻƿԹЦĳݺݴ½أʲôʱΪ˱סС飿ħͷ޳ܣΪһ޳𣿡
ҪսսȵľҶˣﻹƮƵ
̫ʮ峤ҲߵвǵǵӲСΪ̫Ҳǣʵ㣬ЩڣֻΪĥݴ½ǿߣȻǻΪ޷ǣ
Ļħɽɫһ䣬Ȼ̫ǿ֮ǰǳ
Ա˵붯ʥִۺܴ󣬵̫Ҵҵ󣬿ɲںۡ
Ȼʮ峤ϵвղûħɽȴ
ֻħɽɫ˱䣬ճȻˣǾֻܳˡ˵գˡ
ħѪԣû˿ԥ̾Ͷˡ
Ҷ˼𾪣ɻʲô˲в֡
ʱҲû룬Ϊλʥ۷弶ǿߣѾˡ
ȫݴ½ǿߣڷʥĴڣһֱ֣Ǿ춯أȵ޳ҶսҶˡ
ڵƬսڣ޷ӽ
̫ǿˣʥ۷嶼ôֲǷʥжǿҶҵؿŲԶսа𾪡
⼸Ѿݴ½۷սˣһʥ۷ǿһ֣ǧҲѵһ
Դ̫һֵܣʱҲս
䣡
䣡
ڴʱͻȻǿϢ֣ȻħɽˣҲ˶١
ǳǿȫ͸޾ɱ¾ѪȵϢħɽһ
һ֣սٶȺܿ졣
ħ
Ѫ
Զ۷ս˰ƿͼصŭ
һλ칬⹬ŶʱеǵħѪ˰͵ߡ
ԣɫʱһ䣬Ѳɶ˰ǿ߶
Ȼ̫һֵܴһ춯ص̫ͬһ㣬âɣҡ
ԭѪǣϧѡˣ̫һֵܿɶߣǵǿȷʥ
ʱֵ֣ȻѪĶ֣ȴԱ
Ȼ̫ţֻǲ֪ǷҲʵħЩȵؿһ̫һֵܣ漴ףؿҶˡ
ʱҶû˿ԥ̷
ʥ۷徳Ԫʱױݺݵسŵħȥ
ʱҶҲױҵĽɫâųͬһɫս


937 ɻ
ħȻѾﵽʥڣʥ۷Ԫ֮£ҲʱоԪһ˲䱧ͷ˻Ȼǳʹ
䣡
ҶȻŹĺûᣬ̾ȫ֣һȭݺݺâҵĽ⣬ͬһ̫âɣ̵۾
Ҷ죬ȷʥһȭ޵񹦻ҪֲǿֱӴõħбը
ħܿ壬ȥؿǰ̤նꡣ
ôܣʵôôǿħȻؿҶ죬ֻ۾ɵϴг˲š
ҶĴݴ½˲֪Ƕ˰ǿҲȻҲķǳǿûнʥҶ죬ʵʥﲻϡ
ڣҶչֳʵѾﵽʥϣҪǿࡣ
СĻֻ𣿡Զѹ̫һֵܵѪҲֱ۾Щš
̫һֵܣͬˣǰʱ仹ҶһսҪҶž񹥻һֲֵܵĶ֡
ڣҶչֳʵ֮ǰǿ˲֪ٱ
仯ΪҲ̫˰ɣ
ҵڵʵʥˡҶʱҲӳ˼͵ħһսȷԼڵʵˡ
ʵٵֵںСһ٣ľʹˡ
һǳϧΪǳǿʥʮֵսףѾû˿ˡ
Ҷ޳ǵʱ򣬱ѾװķѪħʥöС͸
ڴ̣ҶҲһǴħһǻ鵤ħãǻ鵤ȴǰģһ۷֮
Сĳ֮ģʥ⣬Ҷ첻ġ
̵֮壬ȴǱȽƫħһ㣬ʥʱ򣬿еѶȣҶŰѻ鵤͸ġ
ЩҶԼͽܣԽʥˣԺ·ͿԼˡ
˼תĺܿ죬ĵħٶȳǳŭΪһ󱲴ˣֱ̫ˡ
ҶĿһͺȣٶȷ񹥻
ħ˼Ѫ
ɶļһħŭѣȻ׼ʥ۷弶ľ񹥻оǳܡ
еħסԺĸ֣ҽʥ磬ڡҶһȭȫɣ̫ͬƥ
ƾʲôħŭеĺɫħ񷣬һƬڵħޱߵħϯ硣
ΪҲõģҶһȫ˵ͷ˽ɫһȵĽɫ棬Χܣеͬһ޵ս
Χ˶ˡ
⡭ǡʥ壡Զڴսʮ峤ϣͫһ
߳ϸ˵ҶʥʱЩţȴۿˡ
Ȼʥ壬㡭ôܣ̫һֵǾŭӣȻҶӵʥ壬ŭǣΪҶ֮Իӵʥ壬ǿı
Ȿ̫ıȴȫһˣβŭ
˰ϵǿߣȴǾˣҶһΪλôˡ
ȻǴ˵еʥ塣
ʥΣҲɱңħ֮󣬶ʱŭҪǽһ󱲱ƵøЦ¡
ҽʥɱ㡣ҶЦԽԽ죬ԽԽħòϺˣǶ֡
ҶвħɫһȻ֪Ҷ˵ʵھֲֿʵǽʥ֮Ͼ˷ʥʵʱɱһֻ϶ࡣ
ڵħмɵ֮ʱԶħɽסˣߵǿ֮·ܳɹʥ츳ͿԽʥˣαϵڣ
Ҷⱬ䣬գƿսħɽ档
԰ħԶʱȻ漴ЦСӣвʥ˵ɡ˵ţٴȫȻֵסҶĹơ
ߣҶһȭ˵ħŲԶħɽ˵ħɽ棬Ҽסˣҽʥʱϣ㻹ǵ仰
ƿսħɽ棬ɵͫһʵԶҶ죬˿Ҳܵһ˿
û취Ҷ츳̬֮ˣ˭ҲС
ȻħɽΪҶ޷ɹʥʲô鶼һҪһɹأ
Ҷ챾츳Ϳֲһɹǿ֮·ôʵԳưݴ½˵֮µһˣҲ˿Ϊˡ
ħɽϾǶ˰һϱǿߣôǰ¶֮ɫʱЦҵʥ磬ߣ
ûħɽϻҶȫħǿȫѹס˵ħסսϵļš
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Զƿ񡢼սħɽˣһĻɵɫ
Ǽƻ֮У˲סƿˣȻѪ͵ħЩš
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ٴȥҲûн˫˭Ҳκβ˭
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⻰˵ģħɽ˵ɫˡ
غʮ峤û˵Ǿ칬⹬̫ݴ½̫Զ֪ͨˣҲ޷ʱڵִ
޴ڲһǾݴ½鲼ݴ½ʱиָϹ
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뵽ʧܵĺħɽɫһڣȵˣսȫ֣ȱϼһԪˣֻҪһʣµļСӲΪǡ
ħѪҲ뵽ʧܵĺʱһĿӼᶨˡ
˵²ٱȫƴ̬ðƿ𾪲ѣô˱ǻԪˣȻôôƴ
Ƿǳ⣬Ԫ࣬ƴӦǲŶԡ
ǲò˵ħɽ˵ķ񹥻֮£ƿ˵ȷ˾޴ѹԪˣÿһǿںķѪ
Ҫʢʱǻϻָд󰭡Ѿ;ƿݣûоٻָˣǵܣѾϻ˼£֧Ųסǿʵ
ЩһΪζԻħôִţǵʵҪħɣΪ˺룬ҲûҪôƴŶԣ
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938 ǹħ
ħļֵܸߣܹٷ֮ٽʥӶǵö˰ϵǿɱһ㲢ûҶеκ⣬ϾЩҲк󱲵ģΪǵĺ룬Ҳ֮С
ڵǣЩһＴƴȥҲᵽħϾҶǼ򲻹ҲߣȻЩһȴȻţЩˡ
ν䷴Ϊ
Ҷвɵһ˿裬ֱЩ˰ĶǿߣֻΪħô񣬿϶Ŀġ
գҶû˵ħľѩսСУŽҲ˽ȥϾһǰƿӣڰƿϣǵչһ¡
ھ칬⹬ţѾûԶˣ̫һֵܣȻǿֵѪĽʱûΣա
ƿˣʵ಻ҪֳʤǶʱڿ԰õġ
ս˽ţȻҶȴֲõĸо·ʲôΣռƵġ
ѵЩһﻹк֣Ҷһ뵽ȴûжٵġڵʵʥ򼴱һλʥ۷ǿߣƨ˾ˡ
Ҷɻʱ򣬰ƿҲǳɻ󣬲Ҷ죬Եøϵḻ
ħɽ棬ⴿ˷ʱ䡣һһᣬ˳ս칬⹬սС磬׼˲ȥ
ͬʱƿҲҶ찵Ҫ׼ˡ
ЩʲôıǵĿֻǽý磬ʱǶʲôıƣ޹ˡ
̫ʮ峤Ҳ̫һֵսС磬׼˲ȥ
ߣħɽ״иһ˿Цݣðƿɫ΢΢һ䣬жȻһֲõĸо
ڲߣ̫ˣѪЦ
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ãͻȻƿɫ䡣
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̫ʮ峤Ҳˣǳǿ󣬽ȴҲ޷˲ƣһɾ޴ΣС
䣡
ͻȻ֮䣬һ˺ɫħǹϮֱҶ졣
˶ʱʧɫ
ħǹϲž춯صħǺƵķ򲨶ЯſֲܣƬնѹˣ˸еһϢѹ
ǿǰҶ˲һɾУ·һֻ̤˹Źء
ʲôʥ壬ʲôȷʥʲôռ
һ˺ɫħǹ֮£ҶֻԼ˽ӽһǿʵȫѹסˡ
̫ǿˣһġ
СġƿҶ첻Զ״һٶȺܿ죬˲Ҷǰӭһ˺ɫħǹ
ǰҶ쾪ƿȻʵǿ󣬵һ˺ɫħǹӿֲ
Ȼǳˡ
ۣ
ɫħǹֱӴӰƿؿڹᴩǿֲ˲һسҶ졣
Ҷеսⱻȫâɣһȭӭȥɫӿûա
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Ҷ·һ㣬ɫħǹ屻ǹǿըķѡ
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ǿߣȻһħǹ˲壬˫ʵȫһȼġ
ʥɫޱĿңңԶգһߴĺɫħӰֳֺɫħǹ֮УͬƬصף̲סĤݣ嵽꣬еս
ʱɵҲ֪Ƿʥˣ򲻿ôǿʵ
̫ʮ峤ϣͼվһɫǳѿضɫħӰ̶ħɽ棬ߵû뵽Ƕ˵ҲһλʥһλʥǾ𣿡
Ϸûв´ǵǹħ棬԰ɣؿ֮еĺɫħӰ˵
ʱҶͰƿѾصĻһ
ǹħ棬һѾݴ½
ǧ߰ǰһǹ֣һʥҡԼҡʱһս硢ǳӡˮһȼĳţǳ˲á
һţͻȻ֮ѡħˣޱᣬʥ֮ԼԼҸɱ
Ϊ£˳Ϊǹħж˰ġ
û뵽ǧȥ˾ȻѾɾͷʥ
Ѿͳһ˶˰ϵǿߣħɽ桢Ѫ桢ħЩѷ֮Ҳˡ
ȻǶѾǹħˡ
ܹһǹ޺ˡ浭˵û߹Ϊ¸ľ룬ɱҶ˵İգϾ˫ʵ̫ˡ
ʥͶӰɱһλʥ۷ǿߣοǱˡ
ƿɬħɽսôãѾķѺܶ౾ԴˣղܵһλʥĹȻֻһҲͽӽ;ƿݵ壬Ѿ״ﵽˡ
ڣֻҪԷٷһιˡ
ΪҪɱңҶ۾棬ղҲܣȻղһ󲿷ֵƿסˣʵϾ̫ˣҲܵش
ֻǣҶɻǣΪһ֣ҪɱԼ
ѾˣЩ˰ϵǿߣħһҪģҪɱ
򣬸ղͲһˣһϢ͵Ϯ
һʥ͵ϮһҪǴ˳ȥ涼ˣЩ˰ϵǿߣҲûô
ȴˣ˵һҪɱҶɣҶгɻͬʱҲе˼֡
棬Ȼɾ˷ʥΪУҲֻ·һȵ
̫ʮ峤Ҳһ⣬ڸǶԷĶֻ֣ϣԷɵǱˡ
浭ؿ˼һۣȻĮޱȣħӣħ֮ٴοħţݴ½ݴ½ΪУкξ壿
˵գ˵ľУһǹ
ôԶգǸ˺ɫħǹȴƿԽʱռ䣬ֱӽض
䣡
һΣȻһЩʵǿ˲䱬鼪ص壬ըɵѪҲݻˡ
Сڵ칬⹬ţҲһǹ֮¡
ʥ֮һɡ
Ҷ졢ƿ˶ɫһôǿĵˣ˵ֵܶӲˡ
ৣ
ڼһһħץУĮĿ⣬漴ƿҶ졣
˶ʱٴУиеһ
ڵʵѾﵽʥ˵ֱͬһ㣬һġ
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Ҷɵѣħ汻ӡˣȻܲӣ˷ʥˡ


939 һ
̫ˣ
λʥ۷ǿߣû˿ֵ֮㱻һǹɱˡ
ƿҶ˵ɫʱ˼㣬ǿߣӶӲˣֻˡ
ǵҪ̫ΪУ̫ʮ峤ϣ˵г˵ǡ
Ԫûʲôˣ̫ȱһʥ۷ǿߡСе̫һֵܣɶɵڰ˲תսţһΪʥʵԱҪǿ󣬾ʥҲǲܡ
Ȼ̫׳ɺͳϻǶģֻͬһյĿĶΪ̫ǿ˵ʱǻһ¶ġ
ƿҲˣҶ죬ĲҶСеǿΨһϣʥˣһǰݼҿ¾Ҫ˰ˡ
΢΢ɨһ۰ƿ濴ɫʮ峤ϣҡͷ֮ǰħɽѾ˵ˣֻҪ޴ں;칬⹬Ļħ̫޹أֻҪǲ֣ȡʣһħһý硣
ߣʮ峤һȴ˿滹Ǽɵ̫ġ
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뵱꣬ۼλʥֳ˻ʽݴ½޵УҲûнѧԺϾɱԭʲôΪ˰
ΪѧԺеۼλʥɵĵơ
ûԥ೤ʱ䣬ɫص˵ͷҧã
ûǿֻѡЭ
΢΢ƳһҶ죬гɱ⣬û뵽һҶ죬Ȼǳ޴ڵĻ᳤ѧԺԺ
ȫ֮⣬ң޴ڻ᳤ʵޱȡ
߰ɣҪǵȵ칬⹬ˣǾ鷳ˡԺһЦ
ҶȵؿԶһϤӰնѧԺԺ
ԺߣһϤˣȻܶơ
磡ƿҶ죬ЩȴǰôɵˣֳһɳظУҶ쾪Ȳѡ
ԺҶ첻ɵɻؿԺ
ʣһִ֮䣬ֻѧԺѡˣĹϵѡܺܣ츳ǿһЩԺû˵һԴҴҸԺæ˵
ھ칬⹬öħýһˣҶһ
ҶС棬һľѩҪȥһôֻʣһˡ
ʴˣѡ˶ơ
Դϴζܵѣֱħ渽֮󣬷һٱ츳ȫ˽̫ɽ̫ˡ
񣬶ƵΪﵽʮ۷壬һĵԲɷ֮ԺʥӵУҲǰеġ
ãܣ̳𾳽ɡҶ˵ͷ漴ȡһսöƽȥ𾳽硣
޴ڵĻ᳤ԺһϴҶֱӳŻý˲ƶȥ
һߣҲ˲ǰý硣
̫ʮ峤ϣͬˡ
һˣٴǰý磬ȴǻһˡ
칬⹬ľѩ֮ȫû޴Ҳʧ˰ƿλʥ۷ǿߣֻ̫ȱ
һӦû˸·˰ɣҶ첻ɵ뵽漴ԼЦˡ
ڣλʥݻ˭
ڴڳ𾳽ĶƣҶ첻ɵõ˵ͷԴǼ飬ԸıܴȻĿǰ˵õķչ
Ҷ֪Ǽ³öħ޷һı䣬Ҫʥǲܵġ
һΣ˻ýȴöӹһ٣ֱһ죬Ϊʥˡ
֪ҪǸ˭Ҷа뵽治ϧ칬⹬޴ڣΪ˶ȡһöħ϶ʲôҪý磬˵˭أ
ΪħĵӣҶ첻ò뵽ħ棬֪ϼһڼƻʲôıˡ


943 
ʥ˲ƵٶȻܿ죬ƽ𾳽ʱһѾýˡ
ҶĿǰνĻý磬ֻһɫŻ֮УΧĻΪռ籩ŰѾγһſֲ
Щ˲ʥǿߣολʥ
ԺţҶ͸ǰǵɫŻֻһƬããľ
ǰȻв˽ȥý磬Ҳ˵õħųġһ⣬Щĳͬ
ݷʥǲ²⣬ý֮оһƬþȥˣûлħͻ޾Ļþ֮УԶ޷԰Σֱ䡣
ˣÿ˽ý֮ĳͬ
λʼɣԺ˵漴Ҷ졣
Ҷ˵ͷеĻħǵɫŻ
ͬʱ̫ʮ峤ϣҲԽеĻħ˹ȥ
öħڽɫŻǰȻΪһ壬ҵİɫĻͬһɫ̫һ̵˶۾
ȥʱԺȵ
Ҷľѩá˵˵ͷŰ磬˳ŽɫŻȥ
һߣ̫һֵҲˡ
һ֣һںе꣬ȻڳУ˶ҲŽɫŻȥ
ҵİɫţʱһΪţһư׹⣬Ҷ˵ڡ
ʲôҶüҪ̽Ѱڵİ׹⣬ȴʲôҲûС
ʱ˲Զĺ꣬ȻԷһ֮£Ҷ컹˲ϳ˴˵ݡ
㣡Ҷһ
˹ǳһĨ΢ЦҶ֣þò
ߣҶһûٿһۡ
һԵľѩʵ˭
ɩӣѧԺһεӣͬʱҲݴ½аӡæ˵
ľѩһɩŪ˸һٶԡ
Ĵ˷֮ɫѾͷĺء
ԵƲ֣Դӵ֪ƿ֮һֱĬҶҲ֪ôοֻˡ
һߵ̫һֵܾۼһżҶߣӹһ⡣
꣬Ҳݴ½аӣضŽɫŻ֪Щʲô

ȻǰǵɫŻ֮УͻȻ˾ŸУöҶ˵ķ
ȥɣҶľѩ˵˵ͷȳһзȥ
Ҳˡ
ʱһɿֲϢ콵١
վסδһŭȣѾⷽսǿֲѹ·һƬ嫵Ĵ磬ѹ¡
һ׷ͯյߣۣһ˫ڵӣ̫ͬһҵâգ˺ޡͬ٣鲻Խһɳ֮С
Ҷ˲оٵĿ־УûƬ̣ǾѾʧ֮Уýˡ
̫Ҿ칬𣿡˼״ʱ֪һɵ÷ŭ캳ء
Ĵʥڻý֮ԳǷսȴѾҶ֪ˡ
ʱýҶ죬ֻоһת·һδƵģһƬĻ԰֮С
⻨԰֮Уٻʢͷףɫ˪һƬɾ
Ҷֵǣ԰ûκŻֱӳڵġڻ԰룬ֻһͤһ𷢱۵ӣͬĵһ
ҶʱЩǰȥۿ𷢱۵ӣòݴ½˲ͬһâǵĳۣɫĳڼϣһ˫ɫӣǰʯڷŵһɢŻâĹš
֪Ѿڴ˵ؿ˶꣬˾ͬһһһ
ֱҶߵͤǰʱ𷢱۵Ӳų̾˿ǧһ˲ҵģվҵģ
̾˿𷢱۵תͷҶ죬г˾֮ɫ˵ǰߣݴ½ÿһ㵽ˣ֪һֽʲô֣
ҽҶ죬ʶңҶؿǰˣЩ𾪣ΪԷ֪ߡ
𷢱۵΢΢һЦ˵׼ȷ˵ʶǰĵһʱǰߣ棬ҲƥеĶ֣ǳԽΰڣ
˭ʲô𣿡Ҷɻʵһý磬Ȼ˵أǰֵˡ
Խħһλ񡣡¶˵Цݣ漴˵ϵĴڣͬݴ½һ𣬱Ƭϵΰڡ
Ҷ԰𾪣û뵽ԼǰȻôţȣǿϵĴڣʲôǿˡ
ղ˵ħʲôطй磿ҶʵѾ֪ǰԲݴ½ˣǺǸڰһط
Ҷѯʣ֪޲ԣЦޱߣ˭Ҳ֪ж󣬵ȴһЩݣħ򣬻򡢶ħȵȣһߴ򡣶ǹ磬ħһ
ô˵ݴ½ҲħˣҶЩп˵Уǵһʶ档
ȻǿĴ̫ˣݴ½ֻƫһż
ݴ½ڵǿħıԵǳӽϡ٣ðߺӶǰ˵
ҶûмʣеĴڣʸ漰ģֻ֪ǰΪʲôڴ˵أôʶǰ
̾˿˵Ϊص֪ߵ֮أǰ̽Ѱû뵽ĵһ׼ǰ̽ѰðߺӶȫˣΪãټϲ̰ģŽұסһС
ǺڰأҶʵͬħˣŶԷʶڰ
ֻǺڰһͶӰѣĺڰ޷˵أݴ½ͱΪƽˡҡͷ
Ҷ찵Ȼû뵽ֻǺڰһͶӰôֲʵ
ҪǺڰǰݴ½ͱˡ
ģǰ׼ΧʱմóԽϵˣ޷˵ءڻ˲ƣֻܿи·㼸ǧ꣬Ҳ˵ִ˵ءȻ֪ҶĵģЦ˵
ҶҲԣҪǺڰıԵˣαشʱȵڡ
Ȼǰ׼һжźˡ
ôҶȻ̧ͷǰҵǰڴ˵أΪأ
Ϊ˴ָָǰʯϣǰڷŵһɢŻâĹš
ʲôҶüͷһ壬֪Ϊʲôڿʱһּ¶ƺԼ궼ҪƵġ
ǰ˵Ƕȥһһ˿ɻ󣬵ǻǼ˵ȥһΪݣѾںϣȴҪʱںϣҴΪܣֱ˵ء


944 
Ƕȥһ
Ҷüͷһ壬ںǰ֮ǰ˵ˣǰΪȥһðʧȥһΪת
Ҫ֪ǰѾվ۷壬ݴ½𣬾ȻҲΪ˴ת
ļֵòҶˡ
֪ãҶѯʵ˼Ȼеǿߣʶ϶
ȴҡҡͷЦȱ̽Ѱģֻǰ˵ıҶҪҪ֮ǰ֮ںϡ
ʲôС𣿡Ҷüʵ
ҡҡͷС磬Ҳ˵Сļ¡ߵ·ͬԵΨһɣϱɳɾ硣ڴ֮ǰһҪںȥһƾʵǿҲɡ
ҶԶʱһ亹ҿ͵ڣûںС磬Ǿˡ
ˣｻ㣬ҵˣ뿪˵ˡһʱ̰ģȴû뵽ڴ˵ǧ꣬ˡ˵ʯɢŻâĹš
Ҷ˻֣˳˵Ӧʶɣ
ʦʦ𣡡һʱ˵˵Ӷڲ
ɵһ㶣漴̾նǺοء
ǺεȾ磬һ۾Ϳ˰ڵ״̬
ʦҳɹˣҿԾˡȴں˵
ʵƭ㣬ħȥֻΪ˽Ҷ˵ءסҵ󷨣ܹƽģΪһ޽󷨣ֻҽȥһŻԶƽ⿪Цû뵽¶˾ģΪԸԼ
һ㶣һ˿ӣ漴ҡҡͷȻʦܹǵҲˡ
ҲصģȻڳΪ飬ҲķѾǰϾҪعˣ͸һȥɡ˵
Զʱϲӣæͷͬ⡣
Ҷ쿴ǵԲɵˣЩɻʵղ˵㱻ڴ˵أ
˵ͷ漴һֻƣͤ̽ȥһҵɫĻ˻ȥ
һֿռ󷨣Ψտռ䷨Բãֻܽܳ̾Ǳ󷨣סǧꡣ
νȥһͳҶ쾪ȵ
ЦҷѾ˵ˣȥһıΨʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ϣܽסпռ䷨󷨣ȴ޷סġ
ҶԣʱȻ
ʦھ뿪ʱʵ
˵ͷ˵ȥһռ󷨵ĺģһҽȡҶ죬󷨱ữΪǼʴ󣬽̴͵硣
æͤսСС
Ǽʴ֮Ĵͣ
Ҷ찵𾪣棬ĻҪḻʣЩȲȥˡ
ϧкڰ滢񣬲ݴ½һҪȥ
Ҷ죬ſһС磬׼ȡȥһţ
׼ȥһҶ죬ͻȻɫһ䣬漴ŲԶߵһλҲӹ۾ߡ
һߣԶѿһϤӰ˳
ҶȥʱĿһ˺Ȼݴ½аӣνýľ֮һ
аӴ˿¶һŲ԰׵ף𾪵صͤеЩŵ˵㡭㾹ȻﵽλԲľ硣
λԲҶɻ󣬶ϵľ磬ûüѯ
Цұǰڴ˵ǧ꣬ȻһΪ޷չǰĸҵľһ¥ֻҪ뿪˵أһ̤񾳽硣
ܺãҵҪǰϲˣӦ֪˵ݣʶĻȥһ򡭡аЦ
ߣ̤񾳽磬㲻ǺڰĶ֣ҲκβҡߵһҲںаӵв
ûв´ӦþǺڰԱߵǸ˰ɣЦһ걻ڰ㻯ҳɾ֮λֻǽһʶڴϣвֱ֪
ˣ
ҶԣʱһĿԶаӡ
õռ֮ޣһˣʵǳ£һ񣬾Ͳ
֪ˣǿ̵Ľ
û뵽Ȼһʶаϣ֪δõ󷨣ݴ½ġ
Ҷһɲõĸо
ħĵӣаȴʶȻʲôҪˡ
û뵽˻ǵ£ȥһ㲻ңܽ˭أаһЦ
һ̣һɿֲϢϱ
ʥ
Ҷ۾һɣǰżʶλʥսȻ֪ʥϢ
ǰаӣʱ¶ϢԴﵽ˷ʥ硣
ϧΪ˽ý磬СѹΪûнʥ硣ĻҾӳλʵˡаЩź˵漴Ŀ⣬ؿҶ죬ɱ
Ҷ֪ʱռĲаӣǺڰĵս
ҶҼǵϢϴÿռ䷨۲챾´ֻû뵽㾹Ȼ˵ת֮ܺãܺãһжѹ򡣡Цһ˿˷֮ɫ
ҶһǰΣˡ
Ҷ쿴ʱֻˡ
״ɵóЦˣǰõĿռ󷨣˵һһڸҲƣֻؿ㱻ɱɱ
Ҷɫʱ˼㣬Ϊý֮зǳȫû뵽Ȼˡ
Ҷ죬㲻õģеһУǰƻ֮УȻ˿ý磬ôһΣաϣ˿̷ǳ򶨡
Ҷжʱһ˿ϣæʵʲô취
һԵüͷһ壬¶һ˿ɣЩɨܣٴС
Ҳ֪ǰ˵
Ҷʱ˷ۣⲻǷϻ
ԣЦԭƭңߣǰѾĲˣת֮ôˣʲôƻҵҪСʲô취ߡ
˵ţҶٶȴŲæ
Ҷ֪ԷǹڸʩѹԼıȫǲһˣ档
Сӣ֮ǰʲôԣô˵СǰҲǳԽΰڣҾ͸һԵĻᡣЦܹɱҶ죬еǳ˷ܣϾ֪Ҷǰжôֲû뵽ԼɱôֲĴڣ붼еޱȵ˷ܺͼ


945 
ԣ
ҶҪ
һԼҶɫޱȣû뵽ý磬ȴԼľ·
ǰźõ·
ѾҪˣôȥɣ屾ˡЦţһֳֻҶ̣̽Ҷ޷
ʵ̫ҶֻоԼΧǿѹһҲˡ
亹Ķͷ䡣
ں϶ȥһ壬ֻҪõ壬Ҽ˱ȻļԪĩڣ׾硣һ˸˷ܵĹâ
䣡
ؼʱ̣ҶСзɳһ赲ǰҵĹâ
ţ
¶֮ɫ
ͤе¶֮ɫ
ҶȴĿɿڴؿƯǰĹƬʱ鲻Ĺףȴͬһ̫貶ĿĹâ
һϤָߴΰųҵĹâ֣֮һǿ嫵Ϣϯ
Ϊǿգǿ֮£ȴ˲ˡ
ִֻأΨһˡ
һ̤ţߴⷽضսһ˫⣬͸ҵâ˺ǿա
ֻش磡Ҷ쾪ϲɫ
㣬ֻ𣡡ҧгݣɴ۾ŭ;֡
ҵ˭ԭһʶҲַݴ½Ϊݴ½𣿡ֻضɱ
㾹Ȼţضֻš
Щ䡣ֻһȭͺ
ߣֻһʶҲһûУҿ⣿Цһ˲䳤˺ĺɫëһ˫Ҳ˾޴צֻ˺
䣡
һֻ֮Ȼˡ
Ҷ״һæȵֻش磬ҵ塣
ãý˴ǰϤһֻءֻԣ˲仯ΪһâҶڡ
״ŭӣҪֹȴѾˡ
Ҷ壬ֻһĽ룬һױȵĿֲϢ
ȥɣȵֻȶûȫ֣һһųҵɱ¾Ѫ⣬Ҷֶ¡
ȻڴʱҶˢһ۾ڶ˫͸ضսľâ
֣أ
Ҷȡ
һػˮӿֿ֣µ޵񹦣˲䱻Ҷƥĺݺݵسϡ
һУ񾪾ȣǱֻһдܣ䡣
ֻǺεΪյÿһ޵񹦶Ѿ۷徳磬˿һֱء
Ȼֻ˿ȴҶ죬ҶֵܣֻһʽղǵһʽԦ޵񹦣ڶʽɼԦֹ칦ǿϸۿ
Ҷ˿Ԫ⣬Ȼû壬ȴܹоһһ·Լһ
ٺˣȻҶ졭ֻϡ
ֻأֻȣͬһУһβһΪֹ칦
Ҷ̫֮ƣоŶ
ԭŶһŹ칦ֻǵ칬ѧԺʱһֻ֣нŶΪһ壬ܹӳŹ칦
⣬ֻŹ칦ÿһŶ˼Ϊľ硣
¡¡
ʱش嶼ˣаӵ壬ȲҶ壬ָܡ
ȻȻǳͣسҶ
ֻȵҶֵܣҴֻأӶԦ޵񹦺ͶŹ칦Ǻȴ֣似ǲٿض似ǿĵ磬ԹͬҲĨɱԪҿá
ֻأ
ֻ
ʩչֻˡ
ҶȴоǰȫͬˣƺǺĤݵŭɱ¾
Ĳҽ
ôܣоȻԪ񣡡񾪿ֵ
ҶʱˣһµʶӰӳҪ뿪ȴһֻεĴץסҶק
ҶֵܣһʶԪ˵ȴǴ󲹣Ĩɱ־㽫ɡֻ˵
ҶԴϲ
ԪѾﵽʥ۷壬ȴٳ޷ͻƷʥ磬ҲԽͻҲ˵
Ƭֻ̣Ĩɱ֮£һʶӰ˻𣬷·ľһ㣬ҶԪɡ
˲䣬ҶоԼԪڱǣǿֲٶȣѡ
һҶ͸оԼԪһ£̤һոµĲΡ
ʥ
ǷʥԪ
ҶλʥϣܵǹǿֲϢ
ڣҲϢ
ʥԪ񣬷ʥ塭
Ҷֻûдﵽʥ磬Ļһλʥˡ
Ҷʵǵõ˺ܴĳƾʥ۷ҲԶˡ
һ˵ֱһ漣޷
Ҳѹ֣˭ܹ𾳽зʥأһзʥԪ
ⱦǿ̫̫һֵܱˣԪȴһıģҪܳʱ͡
Ҷ𾳽зʥԪݴ½ʷϣҲδֹƹŽһˡ
ҶֵܣһѾľˣԺԼҪСˡֻҶ
һ̣Ҷƿ壬ֻһʧˡ
û뵽ݴ½Ȼ˴˵ֻأһУ˵ʵѾﵽλ񾳽ˡ֮ͤУ̾
Ҷʵ֮ϣʲô磿λ֣
ԼбҪ֪ˣϾݴ½˺ڰһǿ⣬ֻʣһˡ
ڲû֪֪
ҲûЦ˵ʵ񣬵ȼ𣬳ɾνУʵֻ͵ȵˡ
Ҷ찵࣬Լһֱ׷󣬷浱Уȴֻ͵ȵġ
û취˭ޱء
ѾԼ磬浱УҲǿˡ˵񣬻Ǻľ磬Ϊλλλ磬ÿַΪڡڡڡ۷Բ
ղǰ˵ı壬һλλ񣬶λֻش磬Ӧλ񣬶ѾﵽλԲ磬ܿܽ񾳽ˡ˵
أҶ
˵֮Ҫɾ񣬱һ򣬶סǿնΰڣˣ浱УҲһǹһλ򡣡
Ҷ˲˽ˣļƤëȫļնס
ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨һһգǿߣ֮ΰڡ


946 
û뵽֮ϣôླ磬Ȼ֮·ֹ
һϯҶг˸п
֪Լ֮·кܳں嫵棬ݴ½ֻǴеһˮѡ
·ҪߣڻᣬûҪżҶң뵽
ֱӱڻýǧ꣬Ҷ죬ݴ½˵ֱ
ԣ˵޾ꡢʮ񣬵ɼ򡢼ǧҲкܶࡣ
Щ˼ʮڡˡ
ЩסǵͣѾݣüԪˡ
ԪԪһԪ1200ꡣ
ҶֱӱĿɿڴ˵ˣǻ˼ֻЩǰǶСӡ
ˣҲˣԵǻټȥһҶ죬˱㻯Ϊâʧ֮ͤС
ǶȥһڽҶС֮󣬱ʧˡ
ҶʼգûнӴǶȥһҲ֪ⶫʲôãΪʲôǰҪķô˼Լںϴ
֪ôˣҶ̤նΧ̽Ӷȥ
˵ڵͤýĺģͤ󷨱ȣôýҲȻȻʧˡ
ȻҶʱ򣬷Χİһ㵭ֱʧ
ڲԶľѩá硢ơ̫һֵܵˣҲһϥ۾
ƺԵúܾȣ֪ʲô飬ÿ˵ľȴкܴ
̫һֵܣڿҶʱҲû˵ĺˣֻĿгս⡣
Ҷ쾪Ȳѡ
ǽţҶ͸ˣΪľѩڣˣȫͬʱı֮Уһı䣬ȫɹ
ԭˣѹֽýȫٷ֮ٳΪʥҶ쿴һĻʱȻ
ýĥԣ񵱳ڵİֻشһûлħǷʥҲڻý֮Уû˸ҽ
ľѩ˶ı䣬ʥ磬˵ٷ֮٣Ҳаٷ֮ʮˡ
Ҫ֪һֻҪı䣬Ǿͻ߳ϵļʽʥˡ
Ǵ˿Ѿı䣬ʥ磬һˡ
ΪҶ˾Ŵı䣬Щþãһý磬
Ҷ죡
磡
Ҷп֮ʱľѩͶƵ˶˹Ƿǳ棬ΪҲֻý罥ʧˡ
ݴ½Ļý磬Ȼʧˡ
Իݴ½𶯵ġ
Ҷ磬֪ʲô𣿻ýôʧˣľѩʵ
֪ҶҡҡͷĴڣǣϢ̫Ҫˣʱñ֪˸ѡ
ľѩҲֻǺ棬ûʡ
һŻýȥ
ɢýһһεسʧˡ
㶯Ȼûýλʥע⣬Ȼʱҽһ̽ȴŻý磬֮ɫ
ýˣ˼صŻýڣı£ȻܹظӦýһ
ƺһǿͻȻʧˣ֪淢ʲô飿ѧԺԺüͷһ˿ǡ
ý緢˱仯֪ҶΣ
ԶԾ칬⹬ķʥ޴ڵĻ᳤ɫصضŻý硣
Ƭ֮󣬻ý糹ʧˣǵı£ϾͿ˳ԼҶˡ
˲䣬ѧԺԺ˿
ֻɫǳѿֻȭͷյýģ˫֮гɱ
ʶ㣡޴ڵĻ᳤֪ʱԶ˵
ߣһ漴˺գ뿪˵ء
аѾ䣬ļƻòǰˣ˼Ժ顣
̫̫һֵܣҵ̫ʮ峤ϣҲһ뿪ˡ
ò˵̫ʮ峤ǳãȻûлħʤʵǿڻýм˺ܾãʱýǾһ
Ԫ绹Ҫġ
úԾ칬ķʥҲľѩ뿪ˡ
޴ڵĻ᳤Ű޳ˡ
Ҷ졢ơãѧԺԺǰѧԺ
ý֮УʹĻ
ǻýʧܿʹݴ½һڴ֪Ϣȫޱȣ׷ǰ鿴
ݴ½һꡣ
һжҶ޹ˣԺصѧԺǽһ̸ѧԺʱס
񣬶ƺöı䣬ֻҪ˾ŵԲķ֮ʱܽʥ磬˵ֻʣʱˡ
ˣҶ쿼һ£ȫѧԺΪȽϰȫͬʱҲʺС
Ϊĳ֣ݣҶܵһΣ
֪Ǻڰ񣬻ħ棬Ѿڰƻʲôˡ
ݴ½ĻԻʱʱ̣һҲӿˡ
ҸںСˣ鲻ˡҶϥ춷ϣǰ޾գ˼
һλý֮УαΣʶ˷ʥǿ󣬸֪ԼС
Ҫʵֻнʥ磬ݴ½Աܱ֮˺ѡ
ˣҶҲǳ侲ûżںС硣
ξŴıѾüᶨ£ôżҲǳ侲
ѧԺʱ䣬Ҷһ߼ռһ߳ʱָ̺Сͽ
ͽҲûʧӵ֮壬ΪȼǷ򣬶ȳҪˣѾΪѧԺʮ֮һ
СΪٶȺڷ棬̻ҪһЩֱѧԺļλԺĿɿڴ󲻽⡣
ֱҶ֪Сг֮ģǲŻȻǸصעСˡ
ӵг֮ĵСǱ棬ӵ֮ŻҪöࡣ
ӣһ꣬Ҷ׼뿪
뿪֮ǰҶ׼ȥǳһˡ
һԹе㣬ҵĿռ֮ԽƽˡҶ΢΢һЦͰԺ˸кǳ
ҶƬϤĺˡ
Ҷ컹ǵãһǳʱѧԺѧԱ׷ɱνͶ·
ǵڶǳʱȴѾԺ޵֣Ժǿӡ
ڣҶԺλʥԺһЩʥ۷ĸԺ⣬ԺûĶˡ
칬ӣ콾ݴ½һһŵȵȣҶĳƺѾ̫ˣÿһԺ䶯ݴ½
ң뽣޳һս֮Ҷ컹һһĳƺš
꣬ʾ֮޵֣ΪһʡҶ𾳽ͬĽ޳ߵģԱΪһ
ƺţû˷ԣΪݴ½ѾҲһ˿𾳽Ҷˡ
˵Ҷݴ½ǿҲ˿Ϊ


947 ƹ
һżڣҶǳϤֻǼ˲ƣѾִ˵ء
ĺ£һƬƵż˭Ҳ벻ֻһĵһԹһıء
ǰԹҶѾһΣǿѰ󣬴ҵ·ġ
һΣҶֱӿռ֮ѾԹȷ·ˡ
ԽˣҶԽǾ̾ѣΪԹĸˣһ壬Թĳɾͣȷ
ϧʼֻǲ֪һʲôǷЩôҶһ̤Թŵȥ
˵ʵԴвûбϣΪڵʵ뾳磬ʲôˡ
˵ĿģΪ˵õһµ޵񹦡
Ҷյ޵ָŶħʮ˲մӡš
ֻصһʽҪ޵񹦣һ֡
һʵ϶ٱһ޵񹦡
ſռָ֮·Ҷɵش˵Թһء
ͷݣǳǱһǿٳһС磬ݴ½֮⡣
޴Ůʵڹ㳡ϣͨˮɫɢѤ貹âԵʥַ
治ô򵥣һĺڡҶ찵뵽ǰԶһĹȥ
ǿȷʥԪɨ֮£Ѿ౦ͷ֮С
гʥΣָĵر˿ۻҡ
ҶŽӽʥ۷ʵЩĵرãĻһȥ
Ҷһ·ȥõĶ޵񹦡
䴫бﶼķǳá
޵񹦣да̵õָҶԺ޵ˡҶ찵˷ܡ
޵񹦣ټԺҵֻأҶҽʢ
ѰҶȴûҵõıеĵرʼ޵񹦡
޵񹦣һŽ족ڹȽǿ޵񹦣ʣµ޵񹦽һ޵񹦡
޵һǵһοǲҶ֮Щϲ
Ϊ޵һʩչͬһҶ죬Ҷ죬ͬʵ
ҪսʱʩչǼһ
ȻϾ޵񹦣ķʱƵġ
ˣҲҶ˷ܲˣĴջ
޵֮Ҷֱ뿪˴˵أصѧԺ
󲻾ãҶáơ̫ɽ̡СˣõЩĵرǣǼһѡһ޵񹦡
ҶΪ̫ɽ˼ʵ磬׼ȥ֮·𣿡
ǸȥﴳһˡҶ˵ͷûڵʵҲֻ֮·ʵˡ
ңҪҵһףֻء
Ҷ˵ķչ㽻ˡҶ˼֮󣬱뿪ѧԺŷƹ˲ƶȥ
ƹ˵ǹȣʵΧǧçɽ󴨣޴ĳǳأҵҶеĻҪÿһǳأǳ٣˿ڶࡣ
ϾΪ֮·ڣưķеأǰ
ﻹзƼ忪ķѧԺȻȲԺݴ½Ҳǳ˲ѧԱ롣
ΪﾭʥصŵƼûѧԺΣȻ˼ѧԱ
ƹȵʱҶ˰Ƽһλʥ۷ǿԹӭӣǳͿ
û취ԴӴܽ޳֮Ҷݴ½Ѿﵽ۷塣
κСλ콾
Ҷӣһһλ֮·ˡλƼĳЦǺ˵
зƲʱҲһλţ֮·Сʥ֮󣬱㿪ʼˡ
ֱʥ۷ǿ֮󣬲ųΪƼȨ֮һҶ쵽һ˸޷ӭӡ
һ룬һ룬ûʲô˵ġҶ쵭Ц
ƲвɵÿЦ⻰ҲֻҶ˵˿ûҶֵ
֮·ǺεΣյĵط˭ȥҪٴУǳ裬ҲֻҶôͥɢ¡
쿴ǲǲ̫ϳ𣿡
˭Ȼò̫ϳȥӭӡ
׳գǴɫǳ۵꣬ǵһҶ졣
˽޳̫ˣݴ½һǿš
޳ǽǿߣųͬ˫Ȼϣ츳ױȡ
֪̫ϳܲ붯λ콾һΡ
ˣǿǾ콾²̫ϳҲûӡ

ѧԺУһѧԱвеҶͷƲͷӶ۷׷ףò֡
ѧԺѡַѡ÷ǳãΪ֮·ڵıؾ֮·Ҫ֮··
ԣѧԱʥǿߣһһǿš
ô䶯ȴǷǳټǰý޳֮·ʱҲûô䶯
Ϊ·˵صҶ죬ǵһǴ˽޳޵š
˵ѧԺѧԱˣЩʦԺǣҲȫܳĦҶλ콾ķˡ
СѣξͲˣҲҵʱ䣬Ҫ㽲ɣƲȺɵЦ
Ҷ΢΢˼Ƭ̣漴˵ͷ
ԷϾʥ۷ǿߣӻҪģ㽲䣬Ҳ೤ʱ䡣
£˲£ѧԺĹ㳡ϡ
ˣһѧԱĿɿڴؿŷҶˡ
û۰ɣ̫ϳ붯λ콾ˣԱһѧԱϲ
Ҷ콾ƢãǸ޳Ƿǳᣬһֱۣӽ֮·ѧԱǶʱŹ㳡Ϸӵȥ
Ҷ죬Ұ㡭һȺŮѧԱͬһ㣬㳡Ϊ׳ۡ
ҶͷƲ㳡ϵʱΧѾΧһȺһȺˣѹѹһƬжˣɽ˺ˡ
㳡һƬ˭˵
Ҷ첻ɵü
һԵķƲȵྲ
֣ȴʥ۷ѹɨ㳡ѹƵ˱סͣ޷˵
㳡˲ѻȸ
ƲɨһۣҶӼǰ֮·ʱޣǽ䣬Ϸãÿ˶ϽһᣬϷ򿴿Ǵʲô
ҶԲɵ˵ʵڵĶˣһƻϼһϳɾ˵ľɣ
۹㳡ϵȺһɴ۾ڴؿҶ졣


948 
ΧڴһѧԱҶ΢΢˼Ƭ̣бѾ⡣
λӦö֪ҶĳԱһСʹ½Ϊʮ˹ҶĳǵڴˡҶ컺˵
㳡ѻȸ
Ҷ٣ȻǳǿǾ칬ڵĵطϹʱʥء
Ȼûˣȴû˻ǸطϾǸطԻ͹
ڣҶλ콾͸Ӳˡ
λݴ½С͵õõЩڶʮʱ򣬱ѾʣˡҶ˵
Ȼ֪Ҷ˵Щʲôص˵ͷܹѧԺѧϰȻʮʱٶˡ
ǲ¸λҶĳڶʮʱ򣬻ֻһڣҶĳڵʱıʮ˹ҲһˡҶٶ˵
ι㳡һƬȻ
˭֪Ҷ츳ǿ󣬵ȴû뵽ڶʮʱֻһλڡ
ʲô磬ǿһָֻ
ڵҶ죬ڱʮ˹һˡɴ˿ɼʮ˹жôû䡣
һûĵطȴҶǿš
ңҶʮŽһڣȴѾһλˡ
仯á츲ءĸҲΪ
ңҶĳõʦѪħʥĵڱʮ˹ĹԿʮС磬Ҷĳ˱ͬ߸ǿҶ˵
һЩҡҡͷֹ˵ֱǴ·ɫ
һ뵽Ҷƾִ·ɫĹȴߵ˽һһ죬ѡ
Ҷû˵飬˵ڽʱҶĳһѡҲʱҶĳѡʮСΪһ壬Ψһ·Ҳһ·ǾǽʮСΪһٸС磬ǡ
ǿ֮·˸ߺ
ⲻʲôܣݴ½߶֪ȴ˸ôΪôˣѾˡ
Ҷ쿴һۣ˵ͷǿ֮·֪ҵ𣿡
һ㶣漴棬ȷʵҪ֪Ҷ쵱ʱ뷨ʲô
Ҫ֪ʱҶ죬Ǳ̫Զˡ
Ƕߵǿ֮·Ҷôߣ
һڴĿ⣬Ҷڵӣһ̱ҵâõǰЩֱӣ۾
ʱҶǺ㳡
֮ѡ·Ϊ֪ݴ½űҲ̫Զ̫ԶˡҲġ
ҲĳΪߣҲıȲݴ½ţҲһµµΪ
ʱֻһҪôΪǿߣأҪôͨǿߵ·ϣҲκεź
츳Ҵûʲôǿ츳Ҫ˵Ļҵȱ˺˵㡣
ʼΪһǷǿߣںӵе顣
ǿߣ޴ģ԰һУǼᶨģ޾һѡ
һ죬Ҳǿ֮ģôϲ㣬Ҳһǿˡ
Ҷ˵꣬뿪ˡ
ֻ¹㳡Ϸ㶵Ⱥ
ƲҲǺһŷӦæҶ뿪ˡ
㳡ϣһƬѻȸš
֮ãͬ˯صĻɽһ㣬졣
ò˵ҶĻȫǵ顣ЩܹѧԺУ츳ȲԺţҲ
ҶĻǷǳǺܴĹ
һ䲻ĵźѪڣսⲪǴĵһɺơ
ʣѧԺѧԱȫܵҲΪûӣǵȴøǿˡ

ǰ֮·;УƲпѡ
ҶСѣһҪ˶ãᴫݴ½ˣһ꿡ܣ¶ܵӰ졣Ʋ˵
ҲһţԷǳЩŵ˼ҶĻȫ˵Ще룬һ
ֻǡ
ǰлֱ˵αعĨǣҶԣ΢΢Ƴ˷Ʋһۣ˵˵Щ˻ΪҸһǵ飿
ƲڨڨһЦ»вѡǿ֮·һľգ࣬»õ꿡ܡ䡣
Ͼÿ˵Ҷôãÿ˶ܳΪҶ졣
ΪҶǵʹЩϸƴˣһȻΪĸ죬Ҳ졣
ϾҪջ񣬾Ҫôĸ
ݴ½˵Ҳһ¡Ҷ˵գ˼Ƭ̣漴˵ݴ½Ȼмʮ꣬ȴѾһ׶ˡ
ŶƲЩɵؿҶ죬ݴ½ǿΪʲô׶ˡ
Ҷ˵׶˾ƽ⣬ʥˡ޴ڡԺȵȣΪЩƽ⣬ԼʹһǣżЩд裬Ҳ֡
ⲻǺܺ𣿡Ʋ˵Ͼÿһףһʧˣܶ˭˵һź
ȫĻ޷ǿߣֻЩðؾżţǿߣ̫ˡҶҡͷ
ƲԳĬˣǰ׳գ෴ǻۺܸߣܿҶ˼
Ժ˵ѧԱǶѧԺУһЩðؾżǿ⣬˸ʲôΣգûΣ˼ûıȺв޷ԽԼ޷ΪǿߡҶٶ˵
˵Ҳף֮·㲢ûôԼǿ֣·Խ⡣Ʋ˵
Ҷ˵ͷҲҽ֮·ԭ򡣵ǿ֮Ĳһտ͵ģ㲻Ҫǽ֮·ſʼĥԼǲѾ̫𣿡
С˵ĺеҪ⣬ѣѡƲԿЦһ£ݴ½ڶ࣬ǺԼʱܵĹײҿսݴ½һƽ
ˣҶҡҡͷݴ½ƽ״̬ԭΪЩʥԪѶѣοսˡǲսȴ嵽ˣǸԭ򡣡
Ʋ˵ͷҶ˵ĵȱеЩ϶ķʥƺһսȴ־ǿ
˵ֻеһ½ķʥܽ⡣ƲͻȻ˵漴ֻ۾Զ֮·ڣʱҶ˼
Ҷͬ˹ȥ֮·ڣֻһŻҵĿռͨϸһ˵ʱ䲻̫ԶˣҪ˶ãͻһµķʥ֮··Ӷıݴ½ĸ֡
ϣԣǻ£ƲЦ
Ҷ쵭һЦһ̤ʧڻҵĿռ֮С


949 
Ұգ޾ɳĮ뽸ʯ貵ǿգԸƬڵĴأԵøӵԶ
ৣ
ͻȻԶĽʯϣһӰ
һ꣬ɫĮ䣬ͷ趯һɫǳۣƬ貵ǿ£·Ϊһ塣
˵ǽ֮·Ҷ졣
ǰƬİأҶüͷ΢΢֮·˿񱩣
Ҷ֮̽£Զһ޵ŭһЩǺ֮أԵ÷ڶ񱩡
һƽĵط
ҶĲԶһ޴ʯĸ֮֡·
ûдˣȷ֮·ȻҶеĲһ
̽鿴Ҷȡۣ̽УʼѲΧĻ
ʥԪ̽ӵķΧѾܴˡڣ۵ʮ֮̽鵽ķΧ͸ӹ
Ҷܿͷִ˵رĻҪԪۣ޷
Ҷ쿴һЩõϢ
շλҶڵشϷڵǰҲǱضô飬ǿģСģ޷
ҶĶһƬԭʼɭ֣ǿޣͬ޷
һƬѩǣصĶǰɫҶ̽鲻κһϢ
һҵĴأҶ찵뵽׼뿪
ڴʱһϵҶıͻȻ
Сһûȡô뿪Ҵ˾ûи֮·Ĺ𣿡
ϵһ˿ϷŰȴҶëȻ
˭
Ҷתг𺳣ʥԪ񣬾Ȼ֪ʲôʱ
̫ˣЩ
Ϸ֮·ָߡǰ˵һ׺ͷ׷ͯգһƮѲ
Ҷ۹Ǻεһ۾Ϳ˵ʵɲ⣬ҲǷʥǳ𺳡
֮·һ˷ʥ
ָߣҶ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ı飬Ȼ֮·һҲ˽ˡָ߼״ҡҡͷ˵ҲգϷ͸ϸ˵һ£֮·ϣֱָߡػߡִִڣǹ֮ͬ·
֮·Ϊ֣ǽǷֱΪ··ͺ·ھʹ֮·ĵһ֡·ͨ·ܹ֮·ĵһǣ棬һʱ䣬Ȼٽ·
ָϸ˵
λãҶʱ֮·Ĺæʵ
˵أ֪ȥû뵽֮·Ѿ˸ǰźˡ
ָһֻƣĹâ˸䣬һɫɢŵĹΣصķ֡
ʧȥַģҪҵַģںϣܹʱһǡָ˵ţɫҶ졣
Ҷæ˹ʵַںεأѾ֪ˣ֮·Ŀ飬ÿ֮·ǿߣҪ顣
㽫̽УȻָ򡣡ָ˵
ҶæɫƬ̺󣬶ʱ֪λãλãȴɫǳѿ
Ϊλ÷ֱƬصĶģﱻޡΧһЩҲǳɵǿϢ
ǰһؾôѣҶЩɵؿָߡ
֮ǰ֮̽УЩ޺ʵҲۣʥĴҲǳ࣬ʥĴڡ
·ĿôѣôЩʥôͨģ
˸㣬Ը̽鵽ʵȻӦĿ顣ΪԪȷʥҲͰ㵱ɷʥˣѵĿ顣ָ˵
Ҷɫʱѿ˼㣬޲һȭϼһ֮ǰô˵ⲻǿ
ǺǣСһϷǷǳ㣬Ŭɣָ˵꣬ƾʧˡ
ҶɨԶ

ѩǣûһϢڣʲôΣգӦñЩʹ￪ʼɡҶ΢΢˼Ƭ̣ǰ
һƬѩǣȫǰɫ硣
ҶûвһϢڣȻ֪϶ҲΣգ޺ôȴ￪ʼȽϺá
գҶֱӶ˲ƣֱһ޷˲ơ
ﾹȻ˲ƣҶһ㶣漴ɫЩ֮·ĻҪѡ
£ҶֻʵʵسűȥȻ˲ƣڵʵеٶҲǳ졣
Լ֮Ҷ˱̤صıѩ硣
ò˵ľɫرһƬѩǣΧǱɽӨ͸ǹҫ£⣬ͬһ޴ıʯ
䣡
Ҷ̾ǰɽΰ׳۵ʱɽ徹Ȼ˲ѿˣ֮Ļһֲ
Ҷ쾪ȵĿ֮һֻʮɸߵıѩ˴˳ѱѩ޽㳯ҶƢǳ񱩡
֪Σգ
ҶȻȣ֮ǰѾˣʱҲţһȭӭȥǿֱֲӾͰǰıѩ˸ˡ
䣡䣡䣡
ȻΧԽԽıɽѿһֻֻѩ˴̤Ҷɱ
𼶱ģʥģһʥıѩˣǳ࣬ҶܿͱΧˡ
Ҷ屬ҵĽɫâȵѪһ̫ըһ㣬ϯѩء
ܵıѩǱѩˣҶϵѪ󣬶ʼڻˡ
һȺҲҵҵ·
չʥ֮Ҷ˶˽ɫһ޵еĽɫս֮һֻֻѩ˱򱬡
ǴʥıѩˣҲֻǵֵʮ£ͱҶˡ
ûһֻѩ˿赲Ҷ·ֱسǰָλãһ·ֱײɱ˽ȥ
䡭
һɽѿѩ˴˳ɱҶ졣
Ҷ쳹׿ˣûжʲô似ֱƾǿȷʥ壬ֱײɱһѪ·
ǿʵֱ޵С
úҶʥıѩˣһս÷ǳңΧɽˣضѿˣռ䶼˺ˡ
ҶһͷαµѪ̫ĹâҪȣ˫ȭӶ֮䣬գ˺Ѳ񷣬ֻʥıѩ嶼ѿˡ
ѽ˭ôô񰡣
ƬѩϣɲֻҶһˣв֮ͬ·ǿߡ
ǱҶһȴٳûͨ飬Եʱ䡣
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Ͼֻǳ·ҲޣĻЩô
һ·򶫷ҶڿһƬïܵԭʼɭ֣һÿòһ㣬ֱƲ񷣬Ϊ׳ۡ
óɫ̽УҶܿͷ˵ڶöڵλá
ͬǺģػֻʥ޿ء
ȻѵĿ飬ûзʥҶ찵ңû뵽ԼǿȷʥԪȴΣ
֮·ĿֱӰһʥѵĿ飬ʵ̫ӵˡ
·ǿҲֻʥ𣬷ĻҶƲҲҪѲƤ
ϣ·ͺ·ַ̽ʵ򡭡Ҷûм˵ȥѾ˵ǡ
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Ƭɭ֮ͬȱǿߣǿҶֱײѾˡ
񣬿Ҷһ˶սʥޣռϷ磬ǸǱ˵ˡ
ҶѾݴ½ݣܿͱϳˡ
Ȼһ̾
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ϧû֮򣬷͸ˡűԼݻһƬĲҶȴЩź뵽
ȣڴʱԶһ
ţϢҶ첻ɵüͷһ㳯Ŵķȥ
һҶ㿴һӣڶʮ
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⺣Ҷ¶֮ɫû뵽·һˡ
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һòΣա

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УһҪΪʥ

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ȴ޷
ͣ
һֳֹֻǵã⺣˼֮ʣһıǿ⺣ѪɫҰס
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ҪУ⺣㲻ҲҪѲƤ
Ҫ𣿡⺣žԼԽԽĹǵ۾¶֮ɫ
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⺣۾ȴٵʱһֻ׵ȭͷ֮ͬһɱֱӾͰֻøˡ
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Ҷϣ⺣ɴ۾˼ؿǰ꣬漴бŷһɾϲ
·
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ЦҶһǾڰȫˡ
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951 һ
⺣óǿɫܿһɫĹâʢȫ¶ƿնȥ
Ҷ쿴һĻЩȣڵǿ洫ƣ֮ͬ
Ȼɫװã԰ֱӴ͵һǡ
ǰҪöġ
Ҳóˣ
ҶŲԶѾϢѵǾ߹ɵңһɳ죬ȥ˵һնޡ
˺
µľâƥķâضг롣
ءɭȻɫĹŭֻĵ۾аĹͬԵ񣬳Ҷ츩
ֻǳǿǰһλʥȻ˻𣬵Ĺͷ̫ӲλȻ޷ݻ١
˼ʮݱ䣬ʬǵ䣬Ӷ壬һ
𡭡
ɭȻſѪڣżݣͬһ񽣣˸ű亮âҶҧ
䣡
Ҷ˵һһײȴ˫˫ɳȥ˭Ҳûռ˿ˡ
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䣡
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䣡
ҲǺǵģǾ޴βͣҲͬʱҶ죬ɳһɳȥѪ硣
壬ҲҶ˫ȭðȥ˫âһʱѷʤ
ȻʱΧʮͷѾŹΧҶ졣
Ҷʱվ˫ȭѵ֣ݺݵѹסˡ
ռ֮ҶŭХ۶ʱɫһɫĹŹȥʱռ·һֹͣΧնˡ
ֻҶһ˿ж磬Ӹ߸ԾͬչһֻɫȭͷſµݺݵغڹԴ档
䣡
ȫĹֻؿֲһԼԴ棬ǿž޴ԴֱӱըˣֲǴݻϰ塣
Щûʵﵽʥ磬Ҳ޷壬ԱҶһɱ
ʣµʮͷʥڵĲȴκβҶ죬Ҷɳȥᵽһöġ
ûʱˣõһöģҶ첻پһ߱ӣһ߽ɫ֮С
ܿ죬һҵɫâҶȫ°ƿգʧ

һǣ
һǵʱҶǳ𺳣Ϊһǿµľ޳ǡ
޴ĳţͬͥţܳǽǧҲ֪жôΧǳ
޳ǵϿգǧŲࡣ
ʱҶڳڳǰΧһЩҲͬһҲʥдʥĸ֡
ϹŵһǣͻȻ˾
Ҷתͷȥ
һڳŴʯ⼸֣Ծɣǧ˸оһɴ
վʯǰհп
˵޳Ϲʱλ;ɣԱΪϹŵһǡһλʥϱǿ߸̾
һ˵·ĺ棬ԶŵһǺ̫ŵһǡǿ˵
Щ޳ǣȱݴ½ıءϱǿߵͷ
һ˿ʼųȥ
Ҷܿ⺣վڳŸȴĴȻѰҶӰ
ϣ⺣Ҷ죬ʱϲӣ˷ܡ
ߣȽ˵Ҷ쵭˵ΪΧѾвΧԶˣȻݱ¶ˡ
û취Ҷݴ½̫ˣһǿߣСһ꣬ȫʶ
Ҷ֮·ˡ
콾ϵľţʣһˣڼˡ
ڴǿ϶ǳʣҶЩȲˡ

һЩ۷׷ס
Ҷ⺣˾޳ǡ
޳ǲΰ׳ۣǹ嫣һȣɽ˺ߵӰһһǿޱȡ
ôǿߣҶһɨʱ̾ѣΪʲôݴ½ٿǿˣȫ֮·ϡ
һУʵ͵Ҳ𣬰벽ʥ繷ʥǿҲ洦ɼʥҲв٣ֻʥǿߺٿҲûС
Ҷ컹ڳܵһɷʥϢǳǿһ㶼޴ڵĻ᳤١
ϣ˵ǵһǵִߣڵһ棬սȥ䳡һִ߷֣ɱ⡣⺣Ҷ͵
ִߣ
Ҷڳ·ʱǸָѾ͹ˣ֮·ִߺػߣָߡ
ָ߱Ǹָ·ģʵҲǷʥ
ִߺػҲǷʥһػ֮·ִֵ֣߱ǹ֮·ɱ⡣
Щǿķʥ֮·ݴ½ı֮·ŵԱ浽ڡ
ЩʥԺεأ
˭Ҳ֪
ƺһܣһЩӵҲƺ˿
⺣һȦҶһҿջʱס¡
⺣ȥռϢ˽һǣҶ졣
ҶҲֵУһ߹ΪһռҪʼ׼ںСˣһЩ׼Ҫǰá
ֻ֪һǵϢڶ̶̰֮䣬Ѿ޳ˡ
һʱ䣬ٳǷڡ
Ҷ죿ߣ𣿡һĸۡУõµ棬ʱһ˫ӣԹɱ⡣
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͵ϵ͵ϵһĵһţͱܶ࣬Ѿ֮·ĥʥǿߡǵʵѾ̤ʥ۷徳磬ۣ֮·϶Ǻպĳǿߡ
Ҷ츳ǿֻҪṳ̂ʥ磬ǵĶ֡
ϧ֪Ҷ쾭̫һ֮Ѿʥ壬ʵӽʥ۷ˡ
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Ҷ죿һˡͬһ֮ۡУһ۵ϲ֮ɫ
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952 ޷
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Ҷ⺣̽Ϣ
ϣѾ̽ˣ·ҪʲôֻҪʥϵʵͨ·ϣкܶżؾҲʥǿģõǷʥģӴڵһǵߣǳЩżͣġ⺣˵
Ѿڵһˣʵȥ·ȫһЩʥҲȥ·
·ʥǿĵطʥȥļʶǳ
Եһǵ࣬սǣ˿Ҳڵһǡ
ԭˣ֪ˣԼȥ̽ɣСĵ㣬ȫΪϡҶ˵ͷ
⺣һ漴ˣ׼ͼһȥһʥż̽ܲõõһЩ
Ҷ죬Ҫȥĵط϶ǳΣգܴ⺣
·żؾǶţëѹ֮·ôǿǰ̽
Ŀ⺣ȥҶ⺣ĵͼһɨ֮䣬ʱ̾ѡ
·ĵͼеżؾص㡣
һʮֱʮλʥµıأϹʱԶʱ̫ʱЩʥġ
̫̫ˣԼȥôʱ䣬Ҳкܶżؾûб
ǿǰ֮·ˡ
ʱܶ˶ѾҵԼʺϵżؾǰȥ̽ˣҶʶս硢ˮ޳ˣҲˡ
ڽ޳Ϣ⺣Ҳˣ˵һֱǰڶˣҲԶŵһǣѾں·ۡа֮ˡ
ң⺣̽·һЩϢ˵ȫżзʥ𼶱ǿµıء
ͬҲǳΣգǷʥȥҲļʡ
żǾȥܻ䡣
ȻΣԽ󣬻Խǿźǿ߶
Щż˵ôȿһƬҶȡԼĹƬȻϥӡһɱ¾Ҳɷ
ЩӡȫǰĹƬϣ˲䣬ƬҵĹâ
ܿ죬ɹâʧˣƬָԭ
Ҷʱ˫üڵһǣ
ػϴӡǿ׷ھ칬칬ǿ߲½ƣֻҪʩչӡܸӦǿ׵ĴŷλӶѰҵ
ҶղѰһ㣬ֵһûǿƬϢȻⶫ·ں·
ûԥҶ׼ǰ·ڵһҲûʲô顣
ֻǵҶ׼뿪ʱһϤӰǰһ
޷磡
Ҷ죡
Ҷһ£ǰϤ꣬־ϲп֡
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ҲѾǰ벽ʥˣߣ˶Ȳ㡣ҶЦ˵
޷Цһȣ̫Զˣˣôôǿϴοһǣִߴˣִ߾Ȼˣˡ
뵽£޷ϻ֮ɫ
ʱûע⵽ȺеȴߣֲֿʵΪϴˡ
һѾָǰʵˡҶûжپȣЦ
漴޷羪ɵĿУߵһһ
޷뵽йľֱĿɿڴòŸ̫̾˼ˣλʥҲ̫ˣȻΪ˽񾳽磬Լˡ
ʥϿǳǿ󣬵ʵϣֻһȺѽĿ˶ѡˣֻҪһϣ񾳽磬Ǿͻ᲻ϧһдۡҶ̾
ʵԽǿԽǿ޷ص˵ͷڱʮ˹ʡ۶˵ֻ
ڣȴѾһλ벽ʥˣԺɨʮ˹ݴ½ҲһۼǿߣԿһ۹ˡ
֮·޷ŷԼôС㶼ʥʵֱϡ
˵ˣأôĪܵ칬⹬ȥˣҶʵ
޷ԣѵɫһ죬ЩµʶһʥŮȻȥˡ
ҶʱȻһЦû뵽޷С츳ȻһʥŮ֮治С
ƺЩΣ޷糶⣬ղſ׼뿪Ǽȥ·𣿡
֪Ҷʵǳǿ󣬿϶Ҫȥ·ģԲдһʡ
Ҷ˵ͷҪҸʥˣȻȥ·
˵ߵǿ֮·а𣿡޷Щģڵɲǵմӱʮ˹߳Сףʲô
ǿ֮·ΣգѾǳˡ
İɣܿں·չϢˡҶһЦ
޷˵ͷֻ֪Ҷ첻Ķѣǿ֮·ô׳ɹͲᵽڶûһ˸·ˡ
ҶѾ̤·ûлͷĻᣬҲֻܰˡ
ϣˣսˣѾһˡͻȻһϤӱҶ첻ûͷҲ֪⺣
⺣Ե÷ǳͷ󺹣ȻҶܾãҵ
УһŽɫսһѪɫġɱ֣͸ȵɱ⣬̲ס
죡һԵ޷ɫһ䡣
Ҷȴǿǽɫսһֱۣһƽ飬ЦƾûʸսңжԶԶ׼ùײİɡ
޴ҶѾ֪֮·ϵţ֮⣬һ͵Լǿۡ
⡭⺣״ɵסˡ
޷֪֮·ܾˣһʵѾﵽʥ磬һǿһУŽǰʮ
ҶһһҲ⡣
޷⺣һۣɵЦ
̫ˣǶҶĽˣּĴڣֻӣҶмһˡ
ǡϣѾһˣҪǲӦս⺣ɵ
һֻ϶ѣѲҸһսҶҪԹԹȥӦսǱˣҶЦ
⺣Цٶԡ
޷Ҳҡҡͷ
ּһҶ׼ǰ·ˡ
ʱΪսҶϢһǶ䶯ǿ䳡׼ս
Ϊ֮һҶ죬ȴѾҡڵس·ȥ
ȴ˰죬֪Ϣʱ򣬲ûΣŭ䳡׼սˣҲһĿɿڴ
˭Ҳ벻ҶŻһӡ


953 Ѱ·
˵ʲô
ȥ·ˣ
䳡ɽ˺һƬ־󣬵ǻɫȴǳѿһԵҲ֮ɫ
ڵ֪Ҷ쵽ϢϾ촫ϢʱպûϾ͸Ҷս顣
ڶ䳡˰죬ȴǵȵϢ
дСȫŭ
ɫޱȣڵ¶ɱŭЦܺã֮·ôˣû˸СңҵҪҶǲǳͷۡ
˼ǣɻؿ졣
üëһֻ۾ɱڶ䳡ɱˣֻд裬ǳ˳ǣǾͿ㶯ˡȻҾͳȫߣ
˵գһȣųȥ
ϡ
һڹսȺʱҲõϢ׷׸š
һţһһʱҶڶŴ޷⺣˫˫С
վڳŴ׼
ǸСģԵټҶɨһۣ˵
֮·ϷǳΣգҲ´λʱ޷⺣пĳżؾˣһҶҲ޷Ԥϣֻܰףˡ
أ
޷⺣˵ͷ
ʱһǿϢӳڴ˵ע⡣
ֻںȻ죬һӰݵضѹѹһƬΪ׳ۡǰˣһǿϢϯ˷̲סӹ
ǻ⺣ʱɫһ
һԵ޷ɫ䣬ֻһ벽ʥȺ֮УʥһɹǿϢеѣ·һȺµʷǰ޺Ƶ
ֻҶ治ɫ˫֣ؿȺ˳
Ŀһɨһе㳤ѾǴʥˣʵҶ
Ҷ쿴ߵǸߴӣݸ㣬Ŀ࣬һϢΣʥڵǿߡ
ѹָսʵһУȷǿһˡ
ҲֻЩ콾ԳԽˡ
ߣ
Ҷʱ򣬶ԷҲڴҶ죬Ҷ컹ֻ𾳽磬ûнʥ磬а˿ȴһɱ
һԵѾԹصҶˣ޲ҶѪ⡣
ܵȺǳĬطֲڳΧ׼ս
Ҷ죡ҧгݵȿˣԹ֮ɫҶ죬ŭµսѵûнӵ𣿡
صҶ죬ϾµսȻ˾ܾˣʵǳ衣
ǸĻں档
ֻҶԣƳͻһۣ㳯ųȥ֮䣬Ѿ˳š
˼״ɵһ㶡
ӣǾԵӡ
ͫһɱ͵ϢɨܣΧսȺ˼
ŭҶ죬ųûӽս𣿡
һΣҶͷˣŭɱĻ죬˵Ļܹ
ҶͣڲԶֶһ˫ӣɱȡ
ˣûʲôӡ󣬲Ҽھ칬ĵжԹϵõ飬Ѿͬˮ
ԣͫһҶ˼ˡ
ղڳڣִֻ֣ߵĳͷ
ڣҶѾڳˣôսִߡ
˵ҶҪɱǣԽսѡ
뵽ŵúһ֪Լʵ϶ȲҶ죬һɱ˵ĻǾͰˡ
һˣͨ죬ٶǰΪΧô˿ţҪǱˣͳˡ
ߣȻǿҲǿ˶٣Ҵ򲻹ѵӲ𣿶һҲһԴҶ졣а뵽
һҶ죬ҲֻһѣҶ˽޳ʱֳʵҲֻǴʥ۷ѡ
ʵԣҪɱǼõ
һʥڵʵԿԻҶ졣
ϧ֪ʿյĿ࿴ڵҶ죬ȵͽ޳Եʱ֪ǿ˶ٱ
עҪһѪĽѵ
õ
ҶĻŭЦһֱ̤Ҷǰһ˫񣬺ݺݵصҶ졣
ҵҪܽ޳ľ콾жô˵գһʥڵϢͬӿȵľκˣϯ硣
Χսǣʱܵһǿѹ̲ס˼ҽӽ
ֻҶ治ɫؿŻ죬Цô㲻𣿻ˣ
ЩҶ죬Ҷɫͨ죬̲ס˹ȥŭ˭ˣֻǲ뿿۸㡣
Ը㣬һһӡȻ˵
ҶһЦĿɭȻؿȻˣҾȽһˣ͹ƽˡ
䣬Ҷͳȥ
ʱŭҶ£ֱӵ棬׼ɱҲ̫Сˡ
ѣ츳ٸΣȻҾͳȫ㡣ŭһбɱһ˫ȭƲ񷣬ʥڵһɡ
ԭȻЩ£֣ʱָ򶨣ŶҶЦûнʥ磬Ⱳź֮Ҳûʥˡ
ɣҶײһɱ˫磬ƿֲ졣
ҶĿ䣬âңһҹ
䣡
ɲǼ䣬һɳҵĽɫâҶŶһɱȻ컹Ҫֲϯ˷
ʣҶչʥս״̬˶˽ɫֲѪͬڵĻɽȾ񷡣
һƬңֹ
Ҷһս񣬴ӽɫ֮гһ˫ɫȭſ͵ݺݵغɻ졣
㡭İ嶼ѿɴ۾ŵؿŲԶҶ죬ƺҶչֳʵ
ߣҶһһۣͼѾ˵
⡭ⲻܣֽӣܣ˶סˡ
ʥڵĻ죬ȻҶһȭɳȥ
ҶչֳǴ˵еʥ尡ʮǿ֮һʥ壬ųǿʡ
һλʥĸ֣ܿͷӦˣ׼˲ߡ
ڴʱҶ۱ɫһҵɫӲش˲ƣ
ôܣ㡭ͫŵؿҶ죬жȻһɾ
ûһ仰Ҷǰһ˫ɫȭͷ߸߾˫ڵ۾˿Ҳ˽ɫ֮ͬϵ̫һҫ۶Ŀ
Щ޷ֱҶ۾е
·㲻ߣ㴳οѰ·ҶЦһɫ˫ȭ¡
ǾĿУһƬɫ潫ûˡ
ʮ˲Ҷ漴𣬼Ȼ֣Ȼ飬ӳȥǹһͽ޹
һΣɡ


954 Ի
ס֣
۾ŭɣѸ壬׼ԮȴѾˡ
Ҷֿ׼ݣᣬûзӦ֮ʣѾǿնɱɾ䡣
սˣȫ𾪲ѣһƬž
̫ˡ
˻Ҷ죬ϾҶ컹ûнʥ磬ʥڵĻĶ֡
ǽȴ𾪵ͬʱҲ۾
죬ҿȻ˲ͱնɱˡ
ʲôʥڵĻ죬Ҷһȭѣʵ࣬һɡ
̫ǿˣ⻹˭Ҹƴ
ûв´ӦǴ˵еʥ壬ͨɫѪû񷣬޵С
ԭʥ壬Ҷصĺϴκͽ޳սȻûб¶ƣﲻ֮·Ļ֪ʲôʱܼʶ
ϧߵǿ֮·֪ܲܳɹʥҪܵĻôܻΪһˡ
ڴ
Ⱥ۷׷ס
ҶʥϢڴ¡
Ի֮·ĺ䶯
Զ޷⺣ǳ𺳣֪Ҷǿû뵽Ҷôǿ
̫˼ˣЩ굽׾ʲôȻ޷зǳ𾪣Ҷ컹Ҫ뿪ʮ˹ȴҶ˦ôԶ
⺣ͬ𾪲ѣҲ޴ڵĸ߲㣬ҶϢѾǳ˽ˣû뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼӵд˵еʥ塣
ǿ֮·ʥ塭ֻҪʥ磬ôԻ޵С⺣Щһȴ޴ڵĴϣҸ졣
󣬵ҶԺΪ񣬾µʱ
⺣ԺضԼ˵ҶһһǣĿҶΰˣʲôҪ˷ܡ
ţ޷磬ôһòĻȹŮ޷ǰɻ˵
ҶҸ˵Ǹѣеģû뵽ᷢ顣޷Ц˵漴һԵ⺣֣ܵӣ񡣡
ʥŮ⺣ɫһæ˵Ϊ޴ڵĳϣȻ֪λʥŮ
һǳʢһλǿʥӣһλǿʥŮܴ
ֻû뵽޷һ벽ʥȻһʥŮӣ޸δҲ̫˰ɣЩˡ
û⺣ʱѾˣŲԶͬһҶ죬˼Ҷ죿˵ǸѾ
ҶĴ᲻֪
ֻû뵽޷˵ѾҶ죬Ļ˵ʲôҲҪȥύһ
Ͼȸ˽ܣ˭Ҫʶ
ҶһԱʮ˹޷ЩԺ˵
񰵰ͷԼЩСԼɷ򣬾ͳʶҶ죬ݴ½ûж˸Ҷ޷ˡ
һ뵽ҶǾ칬ʥӵݣü
ΪʥŮȻ֪ܶ˶Ѿپη칬ѡˡ
Ҳ˵ҶڵжԵġ
Ǿ칬⹬߲飬Ҳ޷ı䣬ֻӦˡ
գУʱҶٴζ
䣬ûǳŭȻͬһţʵϣܶ࣬ǿ˸ܺá
Ҷ죬ɱӵܣݴ½֮ŭһ˫ȭƲ񷣬ضս
ȻҶǿʥ屬ӿȵѪ죬ÿһȭش졣
ʥڵĻ죬ֵסãͱҶѣò塣
ÿһ壬ҪķѱԴʵǿھ˼֮ɫҲЩ԰ˣϾûоתȻָԴ鵤ҩֻѡӲš
Уȥұɣоŭӣû뵽Ҷ컹ʥ壬ʵ˿ֲѾﵽʥڣӽʥ۷ˡ
ֻǣܵĻ˵涪ˣԼҲǸˡ
ʮ˲
ָ
ͬڻĽҶԽԽ죬սⲪһ˫ɫȭͷе̫Ҫңâɡ
ȫֵסҶȭ棬屻һδδ򱬡
ʥʵҶ޷˲ɱʹѪĻͺһˡ
ķѱԴҪġ
ʥɱʥǰǸʥߣߵĻʥҪֳġ
ֻʱѡ
ؼ˿̣첻ԸߣΪһλţȻȲЩ콾Ҳվݴ½һ۷塣
ߣĵһء
һǿߵϡ
ȻҶжԣֻǸͬѣû˿ԷһǿߣҶҲԡ
Ҷ죬ҳСˣȻǴܽ޳ľ콾츳ȷһսҲӮôɣ
һȫѪͬһ㣬պա
ԶսȺʱһƬ
찡ʲôȼվѪ
ˣһˣֻҪߣҶҲɱαôƴ
̫ˣʥǿߣ츳ϣʥȻôƴ

ȫˡ
ҶҲЩȣû뵽ô
⵹Ҷ쾴мӣ˵ͷеӣٲôŧ
˵գҶĿȫɢ⡣
֪άһǿߵϡ
Ըλǿһϣһȫһսϡ
һ̣˫ûе⣬ֻս⡣
ս
ս
˴ų˴ˣ춯صĴ졣
ȼվѪĻ죬ʵǵʥ۷壬Ҷƽˡսǳңѣռ飬һƺڲ
ּսܹԹս˷ܣ۷׷ס
̫ǿˣҶ첻Ǿ콾𾳽羹Ȼʵһʥµһ
ϧˣ죬ҲһλţϧһʱǾ콾ʱЩֻΪǡ
ʮǿʳô࣬һжôԻͣ

ս˽עǰս
ʱţҲо֧ΪѪϾЩȼվѪʱҶһսʱϾޡ
ȵѪľҶ첻֣Ҳɡ
ʱĻѾս񣬹ܲô࣬ѾһУֻǰҶһ֡
һݺ֮·ô꣬ԸԻԻ䣬ҲԸǱߣڽʣľѪһȫȼգʹһ߱һȼյĻɢֲ
ʥ۷
һ̣ޣȫǱܣӳǿս
䣡
Ҷ챻һȭɳȥ
սôãҶһαˣǿʥ壬ȫǱܵĻǰҲ¶һ˿
˶֪켴ˣֻһ̵ĻԻͶѡ


955 ԩ·խ
ΰĵһ⣬ҶսѾʱ̣˶ס۾һգգųսǿߡ
ľѪȫȼգޱߵǱܱȫɫͷ˲˰ɫҲƣɢϢȴԽԽӴ
ǻعⷵգһ̵ĻԻ͡
Ҷ࣬˫ȭƲ񷣬ʥ屻߶˼£ɫ棬ͷųȥʹһ̫ųɫԡ
һ̣˭Ҳû˵˴˵Уֻʣ¾ս⡣
ʮ˲ҶضȻڰ˻ԩҽУŻȥ
ĵɱȻսȺ׷׺ˣҽӽ
ȴǲ壬ѪŷѾʱԣȴǱ̫Ҫҡ
ʵȭ
ϵһ޵񹦣ǳǿ
Ҫ֪ϣһ޵лߣݴ½ʮ֮һͳ˧ǧ۹ݴ½ǿĴۡ
ֻǺΪĲ֣λ߲ŲòͣĽŲĻпͳһݴ½
ʵȭλɱ޵񹦣޵ˡ
ΪϵһĵһţСϰȭѾﵽܸߵľ磬ʱʱ̣ǽȭԲ硣
䣡
ֻһ죬ս
ͬһ޵ս񣬳ޱߵĺڰ˫ȭſֲݺݵغҶ졣
̫֮ƣҶȫֵҧأһ
κֻ̫֮ǳ汾ģû̫̫֮ǿԸס˫ȭ˫ۣ˶Ѫɳȥ
սǳҡ
ս˾ѣ⻹ǵһҶ˵ôҡ
ԼҲܣѾʱ̣ʱӣѾѺۡ
䣡
Զ
Ҷܿ壬˫۱٣ķѲ˶ٱԴ֮
죬ȴѾûбԴ壬ֻӲͦż壬Ҷȥһǰս졣
֪Լһˡ
һ֮󣬲Ҷ֣Ҳ˲䱬ҷ
Ҷ죬óǿʵ
һ߳һߴ𣺡ܶ˶ΪһһʱҵıȴôΪһȺվ۷壬ԸڱҸǿ¡
˿̵̫ǿˣûйҶ죬ԼѾʼˡ
Ҳ޷赲ľս⡣
ֻǿֲԼľΪһ壬ԪΪ壬Ϊһ˲Խʱռ䣬Ҷͷ١
䣡
ҶȫԴţһ˫ɫӣҵâ貶ҫ۶ĿŻ졣
һֵ𾴵Ķ֣
΢΢һ̾Ҷʩչ˲Ϊˣһһңӭ졣
Ҷ죬ȫ۷ʵʱһ֣֮ͬǰǿ
Ȼһӿ£ǳҵĹâ֮·ޱߵû˲أҶȫɳȥ屻顣
ȿȣҶԶ壬пȳɫѪĿ⵭ؿǰ
ʧȥĻ죬һҲʧȥԼʱѾʧ֮С
ҶҶ죡ؿҶ죬϶Ļﴫܸ㣬ķڷ죬бҸǿĵ𣬻޵еۣ㡭֮߳·
ԪΪǹ⣬ʧ֮С
ۣҶĳҵǵҶԣһתȥʧ˵֮С
ԶսȺһƬţ󱬷뾪
ˣ
ͻȫҶһսɱԴ֮·˶Ҫ𺳡
ʵϣڰ֮һǶ䶯ˡ
ڵһǵ쳤ϣǲϢΪԻʥڵʵɱһûнʥľ콾ٲҲܴҶ졣
ǽȴҶɱˡ
ѵҶʥˣ
ӱ֪һսϢ֮󣬾֪Լˡ
ǻѰ·ֲñˡ
Ǻοأλĳ̾ʵЩ죬Ϊһ˽ܣͱѹţʱҶ֣ȻܣԸս¡
̾̾Ҷɱͻǲʵλû˿ԥϵۡ
۵֪ϢûᣬֻõȥΪں·˼ǳǿľ콾ʱ޷ͷնɱҶ졣
·һʥżдǿǰ·ɱҶ죬һѾͬˡ
ھ͵Ҷˡ

ͻ֮Ҷ·ʱʱʩչӡѰһ׵䡣
Ȼ˵Ѿ˰һںСٵ٣Ҷǳ侲С˽ܶǿ֮·Ҫǿ״̬ȥһء
ʱʵѾ޷ǵõһףֻء
ʱͿֻأԦ޵񹦣ӳԽӽʥˡ
ٽ״̬µɱˣҶֻܽʵˡ
ţǲܵġ
ûУûУѵһƬҲ·֮Ҷͣһ޷֮ϣüͷ塣
·£ٶȣ˵߱·ҲˣȴûѰһƬϢ
·Ѳں·Ҷɫ
Ҫٺ·Ļֻʱѡںˡ
ϾĴжں·Щ˾Բںģʱ϶ҡ
ԣҶ·ں硣
ֻûеõһƬ޷ֻأҶЩĶѡ
ҿʵڲУֻںСˡҶƬ̣漴ٶȳʼѰһƬ䡣
һ£Ҷ컹ûҵһƬȴһˡ
ô˵أӦþǴ˵еġԩ·խɣҶȤؿǰԶһҷߣǳһĨЦݡ
ҶҶ죬㡭ôҷֵصҶ죬ĵӿֳһɾû뵽Ҷ죬ֱҪ
ڤ棬ҶĳҪȥõ𣿵ĲϰȻ֮·ͻ˴ʥ۷壬ʥˡҶϷŰЦݡ
ǰĻҷ߲Ǳˣǵݴ½׷ɱҶıڤ棬Ҷһֱǵá
ԣʥ磡ҶһڤʱӦЦҶ죬Ϸ֪ǰòŻɱ˻죬ΪԼȻȼվѪɱͬҲɱϷ򡣡
ҶնɱͻϢܿʹ·ԱڤһҶʱŴסˣһʱûзӦ
ȴǷӦˣʱٺҶ졣


956 
ŵıڤ棬ҶЦڵʵҪնɱʥڵıڤȷѣҲֻںѣûпܡ
Ҫ֪Ҷӵпռ֮·Ȼ˲ƣֻҪĿռ֮УڤǿҲ˲ơ
һֻҪһЩδزնɱڤ档
գҶ춸Ȼ𣬾Ȼһ㳡滰˵ֱӿ
ңչʥս״̬ɫ˫ȭȫڤ档
ƥ򣬵ô˵ģǵĳǸ˽һˣ˭ҲȲ㣬ձļա
Ҷȣţƥϯ硣
ڤʧɫôҲû뵽Ҷ˵־ͳִ֣֮䣬ֻǿӭУȴǱҶ켸ȭͺ塣
Ҷ죬ɱϷ򣬺α˷ʱ䣿ڤԶ壬ȴǲҷҶ죬ֻŭȵ
Ҷһ̤űڤȥһЦСɱңƥ˵ʲôûãߣ

ڤû뵽Ҷˡǿ޺޵һ٣תӣ׼˲ơ
Ϸûʱ棬ҪɱϷ򣬵ʥ˵ɣڤǰȵ
ߣߵ𣿡Ҷ״һЦѾɫһ貵ɫб˲ʹ˱ڤ˲ƣҽ
㡭
ڤͫһҪڣȴѾ˵˵žԼԽԽҶ죬жʱһɿ־С
ԷȻܹ˲ƣܽ
ֶе
ϻ쵰ȥɣҶűڤ汻˲䣬һٳ˫ȭݺݵغ¡
ҵĽɫâء
ޱߵƻɽ緢һ㣬˷ϯȥ
䣡
ڤʵ죬ҲûȼվѪ˲ͱҶˣѪ⡢ͷء
ʮ˲Ҷ֮ȻԸ⿴ڤ壬׼һɱ
Ȼʥǿ̫ɱˣ±ڤŸոսʥʥվһЩѪ˳ȥڤԪû塣
ֻܵ˻㹥ıڤ棬壬Ҳ˺ܴıԴһ԰ֽ
䣡
û˵ʲôݻڤչ˲ߣղѾŴˣֱӹŹһ顣
ߣҶһҲ˺ѿռ䣬˲׷ȥͬʱָռ֮׼ٶʩչռ֮
һǰһ·ϼ׷ϣһգ۾Ͳ֪˲Ƶȥˡ
Ҷ׷ţڤ潹ѣͬʱҲǳڣ֪н죬˵ʲôҲҪɱҶ죬Ծ󻼡
ϧ˵ʲôѾˣʲô˵ͷҲһأȫ˲ơ
ռ֮
ȻһڱڤĶ
һ̣оȫӲܵĿռ䱻һƤգһ¡
ڤдͬʱѾоٽ·߸ߵؾ֮
Ҷ첻ûо֮Ǿɫ˫ȭ̫ͬһҫ۶ĿĽɫȭЯޱߵܣû˱ڤ档
¡¡
ڤһα򱬡
ҶһΪҶ죬ͬʱʩչʮ˲Ѫ⹥ȥ
ҶһαڤѪ⼸ȫ𣬵ϧǱӳһС飬Ӷʹñڤ塣
ֻһΣڤ˲أ壬ʵҲʥ䵽ʥˡ
ֻҪһɡ
ҶҲ֪κĿռ֮޷ֻؿűڤٴ˲ߡ
˵˭ҲȲ㣡Ҷһٶ׷ȥ
ˣҪñڤߣǹһⲻҶҪĽһҪɱ˱ڤ档
Ҫ𣿲УҲҲġڤоֲѣѾȼվѪ˲ơ
κҶռ䷨򣬱˲ƣȻûнʥ磬Ҳһ㲻ȱڤ١
ڤ˦Ҷ졣
һ㣬ٴʩչռ֮ˡҶ쿴ǰӴܵıڤ棬Ц񣬴ǿҵɱ⡣
ڤܹܵĺ⣬һͷֻȫܡ
ԶһΰżȻѾȥǧ꣬Ȼ޷ĥż׳ۡ
һʥż
Ҷͱڤ׷ȴǲԾ˴˵ء
ûж룬ڤ濴żʱ۾һһͷ˽ȥ
Ҫ֪ʵڷʥżУҲп䣬οǰżһҲ˽⡣
ƽڤŲɵ£Ҷ׷ɱֻ֮ضˡ
ż֮УҲᱻǸСɱڤ뵽
ɶ񣡡Ҷ쿴Žżıڤ棬۾ʱһɣʡ
ͲһˣĿռ֮ʹˣȴñڤżˡ
ͬ磬ż֮˭Ҳ֪ʲôҶԥƬ̣ջǲնɱڤĻᣬҲŷ˽ȥ
Ȼһȥ֮Ҷжʱһ
ΪҲܵڤһ˿ϢΧããһƬ۸ʲô
ÿռ֮ĻǿԿҶʣĿռֻ֮࣬ܽڤһΣھˣ¼ҵڤ棬Ҳɱ
ԣҶûжÿռ֮Сĵż̽Ѱ
żǳȴŨİǣЩȻǷ޷ݻ١
֮򣡡Ҷ찵ȣһַǳϡеļݴ½¶Ҳһַû뵽λʥȴַǿߡ
ҲҶͷʹѣЩڣҪҵڤ棬ڴ룬ǱڤԼ
䣡
˵ܲٲܲٵ
Ҷ֮ʱǰȻһǿϢ
ѵڤԼˣҶʱϲæǹϢҲ룬˹ȥ
ǳ嵽һ룬Ҷ֪˲ǱڤˣΪϢ֮ǿԶڤ棬Ȼ컹Ҫǿࡣ
ҶҲˣΪԷҲͬʱѾԶŨİУ¶һӰ
䣡
һɫ۵꣬һ֣¶һΨơ
ͷܳϵƨһ˫ɫӣȻûӣ˵ҲǰɫģԵЩˡ
Ҷ챻˿һۣ͸оͷƤ飬ֱϵĸо
˭пڤ棿Ҷʵ
Ҷ죿İ꿴Ҷݣʱǣ¶һ˿̵Цݣȥ㣬û뵽Լȴˣ·㲻ߣ㴳
䣬ɫĹӴ˵˫֮б
Ҷüͷһ壬æ㿪ȴֱһɽ壬ɫУǼӲʯ˲ͱʴڻˡ
ʴ򣿡ҶЩȣ֮һҲһַǳϡеļ
ǰ˵˭֮ôһͳ֡
㵽˭Ҷȵ
ɱͻ죬Ȼ֪˭ߣߵ
Ҷһǵ𣡡



957 ϲ
Ϊеۻ֧ÿһ֧ǳǿ󣬿
֮ǰͻҲһľţ𣬸Ƕ֮ϣһûо콾ֵĻôпܾǵǿš
ңҶ֪ݴ½ĵۼңʵǴϵһѳġ
Ǻܾǰ飬ݴ½ۼҵһȾϵһǿߣֻǷ˴š
ݴ½ĵۼҽû䣬ֱɾͷʥſʼ
˼ת֮䣬ҶĿޱǰĵɲǻһλﵽʥ۷ǿߡ
Ѿڷʥʥ۷֮䣬пܽʥ
Ҷ֪ԼԼڵʵǴ˵Ķ֡
Ҫɱңƾ㣿ҶЦȻʵԼǿ󣬵Ҫɱǳ롣
üͷһЦҪ棬Ҫɱ㣬ȷף治˲ƣϣСˡ
˵գһаӵôɫܣΧİɫʴˣγһ
Ҷͱ֮С
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ʥǿѪɽǹɻɫײһ
аҿƣҲңҶЦ
ǻɫһȵѪͱڻˣҶޱȡ
ȴûһţЦˣ֪٣ˮ𣬻ܹˮ
һ䣬ΧǻɫٴϯαԭȻҪˣƵգҶΧס
ҶɫʱһȵѪȴҲ޷ڻЩɫѹסˣ˶˻
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·𿴵һ̫嵽Լǰɵ̾ʥ壬ҿûнʥ磬ĻҵȷĶ֡
ˣȴû飬ǺһǻɫĹצҶؿ޵Ѫۡ
ҶȭͷȴǱһ㸯ʴ֮⵲סˡ
ҶȻܵ˺ȴûкˣһȣǿȷʥԪ۳һݺݵس
ף𵭵һЦ·Ԥϣһ㵭ɫսףסԪ
ȻҶԪ񿰱ȷʥǵԪҲѾǳӽʥˡ
۹ĻԪ񹥻϶ҶĶ֣ǵֻǷ
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ʱҶûĿļӣȫǰɫֻҸһֻС
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958 ͬ
һƬԭż֮Уѹǰλá
Ҷһ߸·һ˷뵽
ֻأԶʱһ칦˵ݴ½ʷǿ似ҲһЩ似ȴû似Խ
ֻҪ似ټҶ޵츳λеһ
ڤڤ֮⣬ֻעҪɡҶһǰоһƬԽԽˡ
ԼСеһƬɢĹâԽˣǰײȥ
ͬʱ
һɫǳ۵סеһƬü֮䣬ɻ֮ɫ
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ȻǳӲ֪ⶫʲôôò׵õȻԸ
ѵʲôǳǻ۲ͣܿͨˣԴƬָķȥ
Ȼ˼ǳͣסŲɵؿǰ
ΪܵһǿϢǰҾԽԽˡ
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ףô£ǰоǿƬԽԽӽˣôڷԽԽԶˣ
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һǳӴһбǹ似ȴǱãΪ似ٶȺܿ졣
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˲ߣҶ˲Ƶһȥ޷˲ƣֻܷС
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ڤһΪҶ죬ֻǳӣͷĶˡ
ǳȻҲţڱϾûʵǿǳӵӣǳǱȻʲôµ顣
ȻڤԼҲǳǱϾ֮ǰҶҲûлָ١
ԭǳǳӣϷ˵ĴֻǿӣƺʲôΣ֪Ϸʲô԰ģڤǳǵģҶ죬Ҫһ
ߣǸҶ졣ǳͷϣڤѯʣҲ㽫֮ǰҶ׷ɱ˵
ڤһ㶣ҲԼҶ׷ɱ˵ͬˣʱøС
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ǳӵĲмڤû⣬ЦǳϵܣҶ˿ɲֹǣ죬УϷ֪칬⹬ļţҲûкøУȫ֮·ϡ
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£Ҷ׷ɱˣΪĻ⣬ˡ족ˡ
족ȻָɱҶ졣


959 ں
̸ڤǳùļһɵġˡҶʱѾɱǳӵĸõһƬ
ҼеĹƬҶ쿴һĹƬɵ˷ܺͼ
Ƭʱһ壬һĹƬǹһ̫֣ΪصĽɫţӹƯ⡣
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Ҷ·𿴵޵˵ֻأݻǳԾŹ칦ѾֻƵһµĲΡ
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ʵȻȲֻ𣬵Ҳվݴ½۷壬ʶȻóֻʵֻ֮
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ʢ뵽˵ҶԼһУɫʱһɨ˱ڤǳһۣ˵ˣܰʲô
ھͷͷжҺǳȥЩҶΪеˣ֮ʱҶ߲ɣڤæ˵
ãϣԵ˵ͷ
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960 
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ҶȻ֪ڤѾڼƻԸˣʱȷʷΣѾСںϣһɢųһ֮ĺ磬ͷϿգɢΰ
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ǧͷӴҶɱǳǳ׳ۣնƺռˣǳҵ׵֮

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˵ڤ棬Ҷµ𣬲ҶһҪλᣬնɱҶ죬ȵҶʥ磬ôݴ½˭ܹɱ
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ΪܹɱҶ죬ǳҲʲôƤˣȥϵ칬⹬ˣʵ˺һ򣬲ż޵ʥӡ
һɱҶ죿޵ʥȻӦӼǳӣȫǿǳӱǳϣǳȴǲмһˡ
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Ǿ칬⹬Ҫھ칬֮⣬칬ȡ֮ôͲþ칬»ָʢ
һػѹô꣬޷ػԪȴֳһҶ졣
Բ
޵ʥվⱬ䣬ɭھȥϵʥӣʱֱӸǴżҲȥϵ˰ɣβһ˿ϣߡ
ģֻҪҵǷʥҲһսǳӶʱЦˣ·ѾҶ³ˡ
һߣڤغǿ̸߽ǿ߲Ǳˣħɽ桢Ѫ档ħ
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ǰӢڤæ˵ȴЦҶ찡Ҷ죬ҿ㻹ôߣ
ڱڤ濴ħɽλʥ۷ǿ֣߳ټϵ;칬⹬ǼʥӣʥһսˣɱҶˡ


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Ҷȥһɲǣ׵񱩣ĵ߷衢Ű綼ˡ
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ɣҶҧҧΨһеʥζȥĵرȫ̽˶档
һΣҪˮһսƸۣɱһ֮·


962 ֮
䣡
Ҷɽٵؼʱż֮⣬ҲӭһЩ־ͬϡǿߡ
ȳıǾ칬⹬޵ʥӡʥӡħʥӡսʥӣһʥӣʥ뽵٣ʮ㡣
ּĴڣ֮ӣҲɵ΢΢Ŀ
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Ȼλʥ֮⣬ǳ͵Ĵڡ
û뵽ǳӰǶˣǾ칬⹬ҰѾ·˽֪ˣ׼칬ȡ֮ˡɨǰʥһۣ˵
칬⹬⹬֣ʵЩöˡħʥЦ
칬Ѿû䣬Եҵȡ֮޵ʥӺߵ
ʥӣҲ¶ЦȻʲô칬ҰĲ֮
һԵǳӰ̭͵ɣôţǹԹϴţȥ𣿺ߣ
͵ЩվһԵЩȻʧɫˣЩܲƽĽмʡ
䣡䣡䣡
ڴʱǿϢͻȻ٣ƺƵƬأ
ţ˫һɫصȥ
һʥҲ׷Īɵؿȥ
ħɽ桢Ѫ桢ħ𣡡ǳ𾪲ѣͬʱҲһԵıڤ棬зǳ𺳣û뵽ڤ˶ˣϼһﻹЩֶΰ
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û뵽ȾȻҲֵһ죬Ǻǣħɽ浭Ц
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ȻðҶ죬ֻ̧ƣǰһģһֻɫӡ㸲񷣬ƬضС
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ðƻҶ죬ó̫֮ƺ;ŶҲˣȻʱ䷨ǿʱ䷨򰡣ȿռ䷨ȫѷɫһ
⣬Ҷעò𰸣ΪһǸðƻҶɢˡǿ󣬱ϾҲֻģģޡ
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еĽƣһɢȥ֮Ҳʼɢˡ
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Ŷߴı仰Ų֮ϣĮ֮Ҷ䣬ëһɾ֮УȻ
ˣҴԽתҵ궼ûиı䱾ʡ
ˣףҲῴ͸ҵʵһУ˵֮ǰȴ޷Ρ
ˣһУֻҪƬڵ֣ȫס

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ǿ֮·޹أΪߣתˣҲȻӲ֮۾
֮Ѿ˵Դͷҵ
ڵ֣ڳһ̣Ѿһ֮ˣתʼձ֮š
֮ǽˣת
κη飬ȫ˵ƿ֮¡
֮Ϊ֮ĴڣҶΨһ磬˵ʱ򣬾ѾͨǸ֮ߣҵ
ʵϣҶ촩Խһ𣬾Ѿ֪֮ˡ
Ϊµǿߣû޾ʱ֮жҶûвԷβܡ
ڣҶΨһ磬˵硣
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ΪıѾԽͨС磬Ѿǳӽıˣ緢չС档
ҶȻûн񾳽磬磬Ѿӵ޾ˡ
һߵתֻ֮Ҫӵ޾ǰ츳ٴγΪߣԽǰ
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Ѿ֪һУǷǳģǧգڳɹǿ֮·£ɨݴ½ʱȴΣ
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˺Ͷȥһ෴Ĵڣ棬ֻжȥһ˵ƿ֮С
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Žʧڲ֮ϵ֮Ҷ˿ͬһ㣬һƨڵϣڴϢš
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Ҷˣʵǿ֮·֮·
Щûǿ֮·ˣΪ۳ΨһȱݣԲܳΪ磬Ҫȵ񾳽ʱٻۣܽ硣
ҶȴҪˣ񾳽磬ʱֻҪϾܽ񾳽硣
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Ҷû̽ʥȻʥ˵ףҲǸʥ١
ϾŸոΨһ磬кܶ๦û˽⣬ȴȽԼʵȫٽʥҲ١
ңѾʥʵ֮·ҲܹնɱˣԲҪʲôˡ
ЩһﾹȻôҾͳȫǰɣҶȻһɫĹâżĳڣһЩˡ
ż֮еİɫ޷赲ɿռ䷨Ҷ׾ٵر㶴ˡ
ϧǣ֪ҶѾ۳Ψһ磬֪żˡ
ħɽˣо칬⹬ͽҲˣߣ·㲻ߣ㴳
Ҷ쿴ЩˣɵһЦһ̤żڷȥ
ʱҶ죬ٶȱ֮ǰ˼ʮΪΨһ֮ڵѾˡ
̺֮߼֮һҪ̤񾳽ӵУΪ磬ʹҶǰӵˡ
ΪˣҶʵűǵ˷ʥ


964 ޵
żڣذڸ߿УעƬɫš
ѾȴˣѾЩͷˣֻһ뵽Ҷǿµ츳Ųò
Ϊ֪һһδ˻ɱҶ죬ôһΣҲǱҶɱˡ
Сôѵ֪棿ǳɻ˵
ѲС׼ʥڤЩǵ˵
ˣȶˣԼʵ˵Ҷûнʥ磬ʥ磬߾ˣǶԼʵţʥҲɱǡ
Ͼλʥ۷ǿߡ
ţ
Ȼһ
ͬʱԶħɽ桢Ѫ桢ħˣҲһ뿴żڡ
״ʱǳӵ˵ע⣬ƺµʲôɵɫһ
ֻżڴһɫӰڰɫ֮ԽԽ
Ƭ̺˾Ϳ˵ˣȻǵȴѾõĵˡҶ졣
𾳽磡ĿһɨͷҶʱľ磬жʱ˿
ħɽҲˡ
ǳӺͱڤ¶Ц֮ɫ
Ҷ죬ǵôʱ䣬֮·ҲֻһˡǳӿҶ죬оǵЦݡ
һԵıڤЦû뵽Ҳܹɱһλ콾ӡ
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Ҫߵ޵֮·
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ǿҶսۺ;𣬾ȻռϷ磬ʱ𺳲ѡ
ʣһս׵춨Ҷݴ½ǿ֮һš


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ղرѣ綼·ĩһ㡣
콾ʵͨķʥÿһӵлذ˴սǧغϣûзֳʤֻۺ;𾡽ԸˣϾǱʵҶ죬˵߷ˡ
ҶҲСǣ߷ѾǱ߳ɵʵҪնɱǣѣûд˵塣
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˾ҲݲȣȻ˵ˣ޴󰭣Ȼսʮ㣬Ҷ첻С鷳
ҲѹһôԾΪţҶ찵̾ʵȷǳֲݴ½ǿ֮һ
һߵҲС˲Ƕδ޵֣߸ϵ֮һ֣ѹأ鶼ڲ
Ҷֻأ¶֮⣬һǿĹ칦
һ棬Ͳһˣ⹬Ȼкܶ޵񹦣ȴûй칦Ϊ⹬û
Ҷ첢ûС෴Ϊע
ΪóҶ챾Ҳóֻأֱ޵Уۡ
ӵ֮壬ɽǳѶԸǣҶ죬۳ûϷǳʵҶе鷳
һʮᣬҶʵϾǿ̫࣬ԴһʼڶռݾԵϷ硣
̫ˣ֣ҲҵĶ֣ҶһֻػΪһ͵ĺһν۴ˡ
ͬʱҶɱ˵һΪһɱ춯صɱ¾Ϣһֱ
һǳǳۺ;ֱǾɱһһˣֻܵˡ
ۣǾ𣬶һˡ
Ǿ콾Ƿʥݴ½ǿ֮һ
һ˵嶼ϽɫĹâ޵ڱֲѪ񷣬캳ء
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һֻ޴Ļ֣·Ħ̣գѹأֲܿ졣
Ҷľֲײֻ涼¶ѷ죬·𼴽ѿ
Ȼ۴ʱѾȶһ޵񹦴Ҷķơ
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һߣӶ˫ȭҵĹâ·һ֮·
ⲻǹȭǷصȭҶľжôķ޷
ۺ;Ҷ칥ƾͷɱȫʩչ޵񹦣µϯգһƬкûء
ֻأ
Ҷ״û¶˿⣬ֻһٶʩչֻء
ԶʱֻŹ칦ɨʮأưݴ½ܶλµأ޵С
ҶʱȻֻ𣬵ֻصȻСԶսǿ߷׷׶ݡ
۵һֻػǻܵɳȥѪ硣
̫ǿˣ
Ҷʵͺǿֻأֱ绢Կ֮µһˡ
ɲʥ壬ֳɹǿ֮·ټֻأʷǿʥˡ
ҶԺܲս񣡡

սǿ۷׷ף̾ѡ
λִȻĬ˶𾪵Уǲƽ顣
ͬǷʥλִȻϱʥ۶ܶ࣬οҶȼˡ
һ˲䣬λִ߶оԼƺˣѾǵʱˡ
Ҷ죬ûõģɱǣα˷ʱ䣿Ҫսǵıں㣬ʱսʹ졣ȵѾЩͷˣΪһֱڣڳԿս࣬Ҫġ
۵ʱû˵ʲôֻȫսȻܴҶ죬ȴĥսޣǿ֮
ɱǣȻȥǱ𣡡ҶЦһֻغɱµܣ䵽⣬ײһɽ
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ʱ
䷢ˡ
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⻹ûֻ꣬һֻֻɫȭͷӴ֮ӿֶžɱ
𾪵ǣһֻֻȭͷȫſµÿһҶʩչֻ
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Ҷڿ³ˣʱ绤סȫ
Ψһ磡Ҷȣֻ֮⣬˶סˡ
һߣҲͷųϽɫĹâ
ʱǹεѾӹ𣬳ϯ
ȻεģѾǴһƬƬѿľ޴ѷ죬ΧĴɽʯɭ֣ȫΪƽء
֮ûж赲ȫݿһĻˡ
𣿡Ҷӱҵâзǳ𺳣˿£˵ˡ
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䣡
ڽ٣۵һܵײϽɫâһ˸漴ѸٰȥȻ
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ʱǹѾҶǰ
䣡
Ҷֻоһɾκ˴Ļ֮ʱҵĹâ赲
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ҶʱһѪԪܵǰδеش
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Ҷݺݵ˿ʵԵס
ǣԶսλִҪöˣʵȻϾԶѾܶˡ
ˣȻֵĺܳɫף·ȫˡ
ǺԶһڹսߣû⣬һ壬ԪܴǲʥǿߣĻȫɱˡ
˿ֲõðҶڵˣȫȻѡ


972 ż
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ӴżڣɵҲܿõǣڶǲԶӹ񣬲֪ж·Ȼûзż
ⲻò˵һ漣
λִ߶𾪲ѡ
ڵڶǧ꣬Ȼûзżһλִ֮ɫ
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֮·ϣҲֻǿżźѱ˷֡
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һ֪ҶĶ֣Կۺλִߡ
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ܵҶвзǳŭȻˣһ͸ˡ
ôУϾ⹬ĵӣǾ칬ʥӣ˵Ҳĳô۸һҶЦǿϢõһԵλִ߶еѹ֣ɫʱޱء
Զʱŭ

ҶͲ֪˶ٱݺݴ½ʱҶ춼ûг
Ҷ죡㲻Ҫ̫֣ٴһ㵱Ϊ㲻ɣŭҶĶ֣ҶҲɱ
ҶȻ֪ĵЦŶһԵۺλִ˵˵ǼҲܹôţҪһ̽·Ҳó˰ɣ
˻һɫһ䣬ҶһѾɵˣټۺλִߣпڴˡ
Ȼֻһ߷߷ֵ̫ˣ᲻á
뵽ۣλִߣҪ֪ʵǿһżǺùֱȥ̽·Σ

仰ҶʱЦ
ۺλִ߾ԳĬƺ˼
Ҷһ̤˱һɿֲϢΨһӶȫ档
ۺλִߣʱɫһ䣬ؿҶ졣
ҶĳøǷϻҪôһһȥ̽·ҪôҶĳһȥŵĻǿԿҶ˵
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ǿ֮·ɹʥ壬ҶѾվݴ½۷塣
Ҷ죬̫ˡЦзǳ⣬ΪҶǿƣֻʵ䷴ۺλִ߱ߡ
þŭǣλִɫ֮󣬾ȻҶ죬
ǡʱѪǷʥôһûУҶһвˣ
ҶгҪǰ㣬ô̽̽·
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Ҳãݺݵصλִһۣ漴ؿۡ
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Ҷøϻֱһ̫֮ƺ
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βǿſռ䷨ͬ磬ҶҲѻ˻ʡ
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ʱ򣬹֮Ѿյ㣬Ҳܲǹɷӡˡ
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һа֮Ӵ𣬺ɫľħڷ֮Ĺע֮£˿ֲ
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ʱ˸ΪսҲûнˣֻҪ˭ҳ̳ܵ˵ֹ
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Ҫ֪а֮ӱʵͷǳǿоħ֣֮Ҷ˿
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ϧûнʥ磬ͲˡҶ찵ƣʱ;¶ȱˡ
ʥڽʥ磬ôҶʵٶȱǣа֮Ҳ޾塣
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칬Ӧ´λȥػϡҶգȫֻ֣ء
а֮ӻžħ޵УƥħȾƬ硣
̫𣬳ҵĽɫѪͬ󺣣û档
콾սǳֲ
ԶĹ֮ϣĵҲڳϹǺϷ硢޳ս޼ˡ
ǸղҲ˻ʵ֪һصĽ˻ȭĴУжǳ


982 
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ߵı˻֮·ܹѧ˻ȭô·ܸƽ̹ˡ
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޳ϷҲ̳
λ콾ٶȼΧż̳սû˿ԡ
ֻҪ˭ҿ̳Ǳ˹Ķ󣬴Ҷ๥˭Ǳ˴˵ĵˡ
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ս޼һȭ̫衣ڿ״̬֮£ʵﵽһֲֿĳ̶ȣҵȭâͬһգ硣
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Ϸ硣
ɫĳ趯һ˫͸İϷ˿ɢһɿֲİ˫ȭӶ֮䣬Ƭ񷶼
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ǵ֮ǰ̫Ŷ֣Ǳʱ
ͬʱҲΪ˱𣬳û侮ʯ̫衴µһ
޳ͬŹ̫衣һ񷣬˺ѿռ䣬Ŀ¹
һҲһɱ˻ʽϯȥֺֺƴƥ
콾Ȼ̫衣ʹλӵо̫ӣ˲Σͷ
̫衴屬̫ҪȵѪ񷣬캳ء
콾ֵʵ̫ǿˣڳκһ˶޷ֵ̫衼űȼ壬Ҳ˲ɳȥѪ磬ؿڶһ˿˿Ѻۡ
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Ҫ֪ȻӲޱȣһѺۣ޸Ҳǳ¡
ܵش̫衣Ź֮ȥٽӽֻ̳ͣһߣһ߻ָƣһߵȴᡣ
˿̫˵֮ţûټ׷Ǳ˴˼ս
ûã޳Ҳ˳սΪʵǲУʵ޷ټȥˡ
Ҷа֮Ӿ̳˴÷ǳҡ
ľħҶֻ̾أƲ񷣬ɨ
а֮ⱬû뵽Ź칦Ȼˡ٣
˲䣬а֮ϯɿµĺǰշ飬ݿһ㳯Ҷӿȥ
аĹ칦𣿡Ҷ첻СȻ˵Ź칦ֻؿƣҲǾԵģڣŹ칦а֮չֳֻֻǿ
Ϊа֮ƿصĲ޵񹦣һӴ߶Ź칦Ҷ𾪲ѡ
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콾ײһ𣬱춯صನϯ磬ضڲ
а֮ӳû̳ߡս޼ɱƵа֮Ӳò˿
콾ս˭Ҳ޷ӽ̳ԱߵĹ֮ϣ̫衺ͽ޳ڻ
ȥǰ취ֽٱ˴˷ֳʤΣҶͻȻа֮ӡս޼˴ǹϵʺ֡
а֮ӳƬ̣˵ͷ
ս޼ҲûϾȥ˭û취̳˵õ˻ȭˡ
˶۷ǿߣһϣϾͺĬس֡
ǵһıϷ磬ϾҶѾΨһסϷ磬ʹϷٶȴࡣ
ңϷܵҶֻصѹһʵԷӳ١
ʱа֮ӡս޼һ𹥻ɿµõϷ˲ɫ䣬ͬʱҲǾŭޱȡ
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ղŴӺˬǰɣ̫Цţ˫µټϽ޳һ߹һӾͰѵˡ
һߣϷܵĴ콾һ嶼ùˣѪء

Ϸ羪ŭӣ˺һֱ˵˹֮š
Ҷһ
а֮ӡս޼Ҳˡ
ոձ̫衺ͽ޳ش˿̿Ĵ콾ɱʱɫ䡣
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ûã̫Ҳܵͬ³ûб飬Ͼǿ壬ֻѺԽԽˣƵòߡ
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ĸ˹ϵʱΪ˵õ˻ȭ˭Ҳκε֣׷ױȫս
һߵĹ֮ϣ̫衡Ϸ硢޳ˣҲѸٻָƣȻǲ
̳Աߣ߶ս޼Ҷٴа֮Ӷ֡
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ǿΨһ磬ҶͲа֮ӵĶ֡
ʩչӦкܴĻõ˻ȭĴУҶһа֮Ӽսһ߰۲Χơ
ʱϷ硢̫衡޳ڹ֮ţʱûκвΨһĵıֻʣս޼ˡ
ԣҶһֱڰעս޼ս
ս޼һɳȥʱ۾ʱһȵûᡪ
Ҷ춸ȻһΪһʩչֻأа֮Ӻȥа֮ӵס
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Ҷ֣̫ż˰ɣս޼һ̤ȫϢӿ˫ȭ㳯Ҷݺȥ
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Ҷ۱ɫҵɫս޼˽֮С
ˣս޼ƣȴѲá
ʱҶıѾִ̳߲ʹץס
Զа֮ӡߡ̫衡ȫһȻ˭ϣ˻ȭбҶõλ콾ֲ֣춯ء
̫ˣ
Ҷץס߲ʹţǿԪϯ˲ͽžգ˻ȭĴҲ֮õ
⾫ǰ˻ʼ䣬Ҷ֮˲ѧ˻ȭʩչ
˻ȭ
Ҷʥ壬ֱֲ˼㣬ܶǽɫȭӰȻĵסߴ콾Ĺ
ߴ콾ʱѣû뵽Ҷõ˻ȭ֮󣬽սʵﵽز
Զ̹̫衴ȵ
Ȼа֮ӡ޳ս޼ȴֹͣ˳֣ΪҶϵȻѾò˻ȭˣֺαؼ֣
Ϸ͵Ҳûм֣Ϊ֪ƾκβҶ죬ûҪ˷ʱ䡣
̫衼״ɵΣսҲãҲá
ҪҶѾһɱˣһ˻ȭһֻأΨһϯֱ̫Ǳѣǿ󣬿ͱˡ
ʱһھ콾ҲʶҶĿֲʵ¶֮ɫ


983 
Ҷ̫衵սûгãΪ˻ʵӰˣվڼ̳ϣؿǣĿȴ͡
Ҷ̫衶ʱ֣ͣ콾˻ʣǺ֪滹мأ
˻ɨɨڳλ콾һۣҡͷ˵֮·ּѣ⿿Լһ˺յ㣬һ·ҲҪѵİǷţǵеļˣȴŽᣬʧȥ˻ȭĴУ⼸˽һر̭Եһء
˻ʵĻһͬʱҲ֪ˣֻʣһˡ
˻ʣ˭һر̭̫衴ʵ
˻̧һֱָֻۣ̫衣㣡
䣬̫衾ͱһʧԭء
һ漴̫ǿڹ֮ż˵ľ콾̭Ҳпԭ
Щؿ˻ʣ֪˭ᱻ̭
ҶãΪõ˻ȭĴУôҲܱ̭ңѾõԼҪˣ㱻̭Ҳˡ
˻ʼǰλ콾ĿϷ磬츳ϧ̫̫ʧܵĸԭ򡣡
ߣϷһûзƾһ⽫ߡ
˻һ
û˵Ҳһߡ
һӱ̭λ콾ʣµļˣҶ֮⣬ȫѡ
˻ûм̭ˣЦʣˣʱƣ˴ϣȻʧˣҲֻһʱʧܡ
˿
漴ֽΪֻʣһˣֻҪܹͨõ˻ʴС

ż֮⣬λִߣۡڵȴš
ʱ̫˵ӰͻȻ֣⼸Ŀһ
Ȼһ̭λ콾
λôᱻ̭ˣһλִæʵΪ̫Ҳ̭ˣһӵ尡
ߣϷһֱ˺ѿռ䣬ʧ
ؿһۣҲ漴ȥ
̫ߵؿ飬Ҷ챰޳ܣа֮ӡǣӮˣõ˻ȭֻʣһˡ
˵꣬ˡ
ǾȴĿһǵǻۣȻ֪̫ڹǣҪǶԸҶ졣
ûҪڴ˷ʱˡ۵˵漴˺ѿռȥ
ȻҲģǰ׳գ֪⿿ԼһˣҶĶ֣һ漴̫ȥķ׷ȥ
λִҲȥ»صڶǡ

ż֮ڣҶˣʱһصĿ顣
Ҷûںʲô˻ʴУֱʵ˻ʣһأʲô飿
ԣʱ˻ʡ
˻΢΢һЦһ˵ǿ飬ʵҲǿ飬ΪͨǰأѾ˽ˣ˭ʺϼ̳֮С
Ҷԣʱһ㶣˵һزҪƴˣ˻Լָ˼̳Ĵˡ
£콾ȫ˻ʡ
˻ʵĿ䵽޳ϣҡͷĽ̫ƫˣȻһʱǿ󣬵ȴԵϽ۷塣Ҫ֪ʲôҪܹһУܹﵽ۷塣һˮȻһΪܹһУԲŻ۳޾ľ֮ơ
л˻ָ㡣޳ԣжʱһ뵽ҶռԺ˲һæһ
˻ʵ˵ͷ漴һ⽵٣Ž޳뿪
ڽ޳Աߣս޼ЩţΪ˻ʵĿ⳯˹
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л˻ʣս޼ԣʱϲ֣Ҳ֪Լʺ˻֮·Ը˻ʴУȴû뵽ܹõһŹ칦Ҫ֪ȱıһǿĹ칦仹ӵп֮ǿ
£ս޼õȭҲһʧˡ
жʱֻʣҶ졢а֮ӡˡ
ҶΪа֮ûκα飬ֻһ˿ţΪ˻ʵĿ⳯˹
˻ֿа֮ӣ߰˿
츳ۡȵȣһȱȱֻʱˣʱһȻվ۷壬Ҫָ֮㡣˻˵г֮ɫ
а֮ӵ˵ͷһ⣬ʧ
һԵҶ찵ͷ˻˵ûа֮Ѿȱˣݴ½ǿߣضһˡ
ֻʣҶˡ
Ҷ컹ãͲں˻ʴУûκνš
ߣЩΪҶϾӮ˵أ츳ǿ׵õ˻ʵ
Ȼ˻ߣҡҡͷ˻֮·ߴˣ
һ仰ֱɫҰס
£ֻ˻ʣʸָ˻֮·
ߵı˻֮·ȴ˻Ͽɣò˻ʴлҪҡ
ΪʲôЩĵؿ˻ʡ
˻̾ӦȻߵ˻֮·ȴ֮
˵գ߲ʵУһ⽫֣뿪˻֮Ĺ
ҶԴЩ⣬ǰ׳գܿ뵽˻ʸղŻеһЩɵ㣬ɫʱ
˻ʴʱ͵ؿҶ죬˵а֮ӻҪȱҲ֪в֮С
ҶЩΣעռôѡ˻֮·
˻ʲذ˰֣ЦҲҪ⣬᲻ѡ˻֮·ֻҪԺҵһλ߾ˡ
ãҶæͷ
ȴ˼ʶ˵У˭ʺ˻ʴеأ
νˮҶһ뵽ıԼͽܺѣգԺУһӰ
Сͽܣ
Ҷ۾һСӵг֮ģ飬ֱʺ˻֮·ټ˻ʴУô͸ˡ
գҶæСϢ˻ʡ
˻ʵ۾һЦŵͷ㵹һλͽܣ֪ڶ˻ʱӵг֮ģӵԣȷʺ˻֮·Ǿ鷳ˡ
ţ˻ʷġҶæͷ
˻ʽһεĺɫݸҶ죬ҶЩȣع۲ѵ˻ʵĴУ
ֻдﵽ񾳽磬۳֮һѧȫö֮УķֻҪﵽʥ磬ں񣬵ʱ˲ͿԽ񾳽磬ֻҪȥԺҲܹΪ񡣡˻˵
Ҷԣʱһں񣬾ܽ񾳽磬ԺҲܹΪ
ֱǳ
˻ʾؿҶ죬ǳһĨЦݣиһ˿ڴ
ǹƬ̣Ҷȴ侲ˣЦûôõ飬֪ںʲôȱ㣿
˻ʶʱЦˣͷֻԼ۵񣬲ʺԼںöĻôԺ¾Ҫֹ񾳽ˣϽˡ
ҶʱȻвɵðңԼʮ㣬ղûбջ


984 ʥջ
˻ʵĴоȻ񣬼ֱҶһ
ҶҰĺܴɲֹ񾳽磬ȻںϾܽ񾳽磬Ҳںϡ
ǰߣֹ񾳽磿
Ҷ찵֮ʱ˻ٶȿ˵öͬҪ˻֮·ĻôöͲĳɳԺ󲻻ֹ񾳽硣
£ְҶĸˣղѾܾˣںռԻҡҡͷ
˻ȻЩʧҲûмջҶ죬Ц˵Ȼ֪ʲôʱȴܹܵʱĻԻʱҪˣףǣ
˵ţ˻ʵӰ㽥ʧˡ
Ҷ칧һ񣬸λһΪ˻С

˻֮Ĺ⣬Ҷ߳˻֮ĹٶȳصףһƬǣֻʣһ޼ʵƽԭ
Զ˻֮ĹʧķȻ˲ʡ
Ҷ죡߿Ҷ졣
ҶҲߣҡҡͷӦý㽣Ŷԣ˻˵ûд˻֮·ƫˡ
˵գҶ˺ѿռ䣬ʧ
߿ҶıӰü֮両һ˿
ǽ𣬲ߣҲߡ
ں꣬ȴûгںϣȻ־ռλߵ־ѹ
±û˻ῴóҶ죬ȴӲ˻ʵ۾
Ҳʧܵģ
߲ʵش

ʱҶѾٴλصڶˣҪ޴ڵЩǷѾõ䡣
Ҷӣ
Ҷӣ

һμҶ죬޴ڵļλ϶ǳΪѾϢҶʱѾʥ磬Ϊһǳǿķʥˣ±ǻ᳤ֻǿ
ԣЩ޴ڵĳвȱʥ۷ǿߣ˿վҶǰŲѡ
λϣ֪Ҷĳϴΰǵ飬ϢҶȲʵ
һλ޴ڵʥ۷ǿæ˵ҶӣѾ鵽˵λСˣڲڵڶǣҲȥ·ˡ
Ҷüͷһ壬ʲôΪ
ʥ磬Ÿոսʥ粻áλʥ۷ǿ˵
Ҷʱɫһʥܵ·ȥˣòӦôǣʲô飬òȥ·ˡ
£Ҷѯʣԭˡ
ڵڶܵǿߵɧţȻλִǼǿ߲ʲôֵ飬ûǲɧţܽ˺·
ңǼˣҲһ·׷ȥͲˡ

Ҷ۾һɣɱ
ŵǰһ޴ڵĳһҴһ
ҶܿԼƣ˵ģζлλˣҶĳ飬뿪ˡ
Ҷߣ
λ޴ڵĳæ˵
Ǹ֮Ҷֱ뿪˵ڶǣһ̤˹ĺ·
·Σأкܶżǿޣʥޣзʥޡ
Ҷʵǿޱȣ˷ʥޣҲͷ޵ùҶ졣
Ҷһ߳ź·յƽһо˻֮Ĺõ˻ȭ
Ź칦ǳǿʥ䣬ֻػҪǿ
Ȼֻȵһʽֻǿ
Ȼ˻ȭֻĹ칦ӽڶʽֻˡ
⻹Ҷոյõ˻ȭãһʱ䣬ܹӳǿֱڶʽֻء

·ϵ߲࣬Ϊ̫Σˣһҽ˵صߣôʵ϶ǿޱȡ
Ҷһ·ʮλʥǿˣӵˣ֪ŸոսʥãǷѾΣա
һ·ϣߣҶ춼Ǵõ䡣
ΪɵҶɢǿϢû˸Ҿܾȫʵʵػش⡣
ϧ·̫ˣҶε£ûҵõ١
ֱһ죬ҶһϤˣһˮɫĳȹ˳㷢趯ˣ鲻Խ۾һ
ˮӦˮɣҶ쿴ǰŮЦ˵
ˮɫȹŮúˮǳƣҶˮ֪һ㣬츳Ϊǿ󣬽ˮǴŮˡ
Ҷ죿ʶң
Ҷ֮·˲֪ˮҲϳҶ죬ֻû뵽ǣҶȻҲʶ
Һˮѣ˵㣬û뵽Ѿ·ˡҶЦ˵
ˮԻȻ漴һ˿ʣҶ죬Ц˵ҶĴһȻ鴫ôҲѰҵ𣿡
ǣ֮·ϻеǣҶЩȵ
ˮŹֵؿҶһۣ˵㶼֪һϹŵһǣڶԶŵһǣǣ̫ʱλǿ̫ŵһǡ
ԭˣû뵽һ̫ŵһǣ˳ʲô𣿡ҶȻ漴ʵ
˵˳ϹʱѾʧˣ˭Ҳ֪ʲôΪˣúܶǿ׷Ѱǰãץסһ̫ŵһгߣһʣȻ֪̫ŵһ滹̫ʱߡˮ˵
ʲôҶ𾪲ѣû뵽̫ŵһھȻ̫ʱߡ
ĻôҲԴЩ˵ĿУ֪̫ʱһЩҲ˵
֪ںܶǿ߶ʥջȥˣҪִ̫ŵһǣҲҪȥȥȥˮʵ
ҶЦҡҡͷҵȥһˣûҵ֮ǰǲµġ
ʲôˣȻǣĪǺ֪ˮЦ
ǰɣҶ˵ͷ漴õӰ۳ˮϡ
ⲻ۵ĵۺôĺ֪ˮһӾϳãؿҶ졣
˵֪ûУҶҡҡͷʵ
⻹ˣҵȷŮǿץסƺҪʥջ۴áˮ˵
Ҷԣʱɫһɱӿȡ
ĺ֪ĻôþϵʥջΪ֪Ѿʥջȥˡˮ˵
ǶлˣϾȥȵʥջлҶæ˵
ǺǣÿˮЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ֱ˺ѿռ䣬ʥջ˲ƶȥռ䷨򶼶ˡ
ˮҶʧıӰػȻ޽ȴ칬һҶ죬⹬ЩҰļҹҪͷʹˡ
˵գˮҲʥջ˲ƶȥ
ʥջһЩ·ϵʥ죬ں·յ㡣
ܹ·յߣ඼ʥǿߣҹϢĿջҲͱΪʥջ


985 ֮
·յ㣿
ʵûУں·󷽣һƬƴĽɫĻ赲һУն˺·յ㡣
˵ƬɫĻĺ棬νĵǣȻɫĻǿƺ񼶱ǿ߲õģʥҲ޷ơ
ԣ֪ܶǾǰȴҲ޷롣
ݴ½ͲȱߣΪֻҪ׼򣬿׼ʱȻʮλʥһҲܹɫĻ
񣬴ӽɫĻӳһ̫ĺᣬǸ֮·һǿᡣ
ԣԽԽǿߣȫʥջӵȥܿʥв˲ơ
ƬأԽԽˡ

ʥջ
ΪƬأΨһһҿջռֱ֮ÿջݣӦóǳݡ
ܹסߣٶʥΣʥµʥûʸסģֻڸһطס¡
ڣҿջǣЩǿʥһܴľ콾ǣλѲ֮·ػߡ
̫Ϣʵ˺ܴĺ䶯п֮·Ĳȵأ֮·ϵػߣȫˡ
Ҫλִ߻ҪصһǺ͵ڶǣҲҪ
䣡
ԶУһɫƺڲѣƵ֮ضӿȡ
쿴һλ콾
ƵϷ磬ӵвľ콾

ϷδһޱߵİѾһϯ
ʥջеʥǣȫоһ֮ɫ
սĳĻ̫٣ʱһЦʴͬӴ׹쳹ء
˶ʱȥֻԶһͽ˺ѿռ䣬ȫƿ񱩣ǳֲ
ս޼
û뵽սҵĵһžȻӵд˵еĿ֮壬սصĻѹִܹʥˡ
˵ս޼˻֮Ĺõ˿ȭ̫ʱһλ˻ʵǿǿޱȣʹʵѾλ콾ǰˡ

۷׷ס
֮󣬽޳ߡ̫衵Ⱦ콾Ҳ׷׵
ʥջԽԽˡ
кߣ֮·ϵʮ콾оٳ֤ʮ˵ʵ
Ҫ֪ƼȻ콾񣬵ȴûİʵǿΪû֪Щ콾ǵʵʥҲ֪
Դϴ˻֮Ĺ֮ʮ콾һãȴ˿һЩ˵ʵǿ
Ҫ˵Ҷӵʥ壬ֳɹʷǰǿ֮·ȻŸոսʥ粻ãѾԻۺ;ʵһһ˵
ǿδأҶ죬Ϸа֮ӸǿһЩħ֮岻ҶʥҪǣӵжŹ칦аĹ칦١оħȻħûȫ⣬ȴҲСʮ콾ǿһһ˵
˵Ĳȵа֮ӵľħȫ⣬¾Ҳһս˼ȱȷ˵һһӸ͵
ǿǵ;ˣǿɶʮǿʣʵԲҶа֮Ӳ١˷
ۣ֪Զʱһλһλĺᣬǻû˵
̫衣һӵ壬ǹǷȱе֡Ҳ˵

۷׷ףѼȴ˭Ҳ˵˭
ҶӦǵ֮ĵһȱ㣬ûŸոսʥ磬ʵûдﵽ۷塣
˵Ҷ컹ģʱ֮ϧڹͷ
䣡
ʥջһλ콾ǿʱ۴н٣һϽɫ趯ɢһɾ£ΨϢ
Ҳˣʮ콾ֻʣҶûˣǾҪǰˡ
˷ܵ˵
ʱԶǿߣѺһ὿СŮӹ˵ۣǵۺת֮
ţϵĿʱŮӡ
ŮĲģȴףһ˿ɰ̲סһ֮⡣
˵ãҶѰ˶÷
ѾּҴǸСѾͷˣһΪѾ̤ʥ磬վˮˮľѩŮҲ˿
ֻںķ֮ʲôۺת֮õۣȻ֮ɫ
û뵽Լһ·ӵ֮·ȴǶ㲻һ٣û뵽ǣҶ쾹Ȼһ·׷˹ʵǰǿ
Ҫ֪˵ĻҲͲҪ뿪ڶˡ
ϧǧ֪ټ˹⶯ֽţʹϢѵõҶĵһϢ
֪ҶѾɳ۲ˣȴѾˡ
㲻⣬Ѿҵָķˣ͵Ұ㿪ǰļɣۿãĿ͵˵
һҪŭȴԼҲ˿ڣȫ¶һǿӡˡ
ۺȥɣ۶Ǽǿ˵Ŀٴλָ֮ɫ
ءҪ˵ȴû
ǿѺã׼סȴȻһɫǳ۵꣬˺ѿռǵǰ

˵ڣȴ䳹ǣΧ¶ȶѸ½һ˿˿գüǿ̲ס˸
Զʢ񣬶ʱ
Ҷ죡
ɫ˵
ǿߣҲʱϳҶ죬һɫ䣬ҪˣȴоԼѾ޷ˡ

Ҷڳֵһ̣ΨһѾϯȥʥջС
䣡䣡

ʥջУλ콾λػߣȫܵɺƥΨһ磬ʱ֪˭һңң
۸ɫ˼㣬ŭȵҶ죬Ϊҵһ߷͸ǰ𣿡
ʲôҶԣм
Ҷ磡ءôʱѾ⿪˷ӡҶܹίȴּ͸ˡ
꣬ٴοãҶһ̾иһ˿İɣڣ㲻ٵˡ
òᣬ˵ͷվҶߣоҲôĵĻˡ
޿̣Ͼǿӣĵۺ
Ҷ콫սС磬һһȭۣò÷ӡ
֮ޣɱ֮ȫŭޱȣһֱȫµನʥջڲ
λػæ֣Żסʥջ
һߵǼλ콾һ߹սûв֡


986 ۷֮ս
ʥջϿգҶλ콾ȫɱս⣬֮ޣ죬֮䣬עˡ
۵ֳһͨϽɫĳǹǹָƲ񷣬µܵնرʢͷڷƮɢһɾºΨ޵Ϣ
ΪĵһţǰѾ޵ݴ½һ˺ѼΣҲǺɨ£޵еʱų֮еǿţ˶ԽĴɽ
ļλ콾ͬ۾̫̫εսһһϿ۵ǿ
Ȼʱ۶Ҷ죬Ҳ˶СĴڡ
ʥ֮⣬Ҷ̵˻֮󣬵һʷǰسɹǿ֮·츳֮ǿ˫һӢܣ񶼲С
ȻСҶ죬ҪȻҲȡϽǹˣһλڵԶʱλ
䣡
۵Ͻǹգһɾ춯صضսɱֲкƵֹһɾ泯Ҷɱ
ûκεķϻ콾Ϊ֮ޣ֮ŭ˲˴սĻ
䣡Ҷһ̤ȫⱬֻ۾˽ɫһȵѪ죬Ƭضս
Χ۵𾪲ѣʥ壬ųӵµѪ֮ǿû񷡣
¡¡
Ҷ̤ڣĴضڲ
˶ܵһɳصѹǴҶϣ·𿴵һͷɫ
˺
ʱ۵ϽǹѾɱǹգһɴ̶˵궼ڷ
ǿֲɱתƣ˶巢
򵶹һ
Ҷͺȣһ˲䣬е쵶ֱ貶ֳҵĵâлһһ񵶣񷣬ֱء
۵Ͻǹ貵⣬ͬһɺ䴩صĳҶľײһ
¡¡
ݴ½ֲײ֮䱬˿ֲನкûء
Ͻǹǳֲ۵ǿע£ɫǹϱһķķţ¶ΰ
ȻҶ쵶ȴӲޱȣȻ޷ӵϽǹΰҶʥ壬ȴǿ
Ͻǹûз쵶ǹɿֲȴ͸ݵҶı塣
䣡
ʱҶıһĽɫâࡣ
ۣҲһѪӿ˵ɳȥǶһ˿Ѫ
Χ۵𾪲ѣȻһҶռϷ硣
˴۾ͬʱҲǳҶʵҪ֪۱ʵͷǳǿ󣬴˿ټȻҶг˿
Զλսľ콾ǣҲ¶֮ɫ
۱ʵҶչֳǿ֮ǼɵѣΪԼǿ֡
ߣ
Ҷһ֣׷һס쵶һֻӶ˻ȭ֮ǿ캳أ·綼Ľ²
ûΪղŵʧܶŭ෴Ĺâӳң˷·еϽǹΪһ壬ӿֲӭҶ졣
һΣѡ˽սȻûиղһôֲȴսĸӼˣۻҡ
֪ӵ˻ȭҲҽսֱҶЦһ쵶һ˻ȭҶֱֲֿ˲񷡣
Ҳʾһֳǹʹó뻯ʹܲ͸磬ڹؼʱ̻ܷһҶ쾪Ȳѡ
ݺݴ½ʱүүүүûгǽսԶս¶ûһҵĶ֡
⡣
ⲻǿΪȷȻǸʱûôľ콾ѡ
ֻأҶ޵뱬ֲ۳ɾ֮ƣͬһӿƵ
֣Ǵһ޴֣ҵĹâĥأ񷣬ɢ޵еϢ
칦Ȼײ˿ֲƣ·񷶼˴ˣռ籩ϯض·ĩһ㡣
ս˾˵ʥɱʥֲǰʥ۷弶ǿߣҲֻбɱĴڡ
ػҲɫޱȣԾػԼ޷ֵҶ۵һ㲻ҲҪش
Ǽλ콾ͬޱأ˸֮䣬һ¶ս⡣
䣡
˿ֲһ֮۲ûкˣһϽǹббشҶ죬ͬɣֲֿ
һ¶۵ǿ󣬸¶սɣϾʱԶս̫ˣ˾̾ѡ
˻ȭ
Ҷȣսɣں˻ʵһּ䣬ֻ߲ͣһƺ׼˻ȭƲ񷣬Ƭضˡ
䣡
ɲǵײ춯أֲͬձըû񷣬ҵĹԣأһƬ硣
˵ĺˣһЩ̲סʧʥǿߣҲս𺳡
Ǿ콾ʥսҲûôʺ𺳡
ڳ˱ɫһתϽǹǰֱ壬ֱǹųѤĹâֲķ֮ϯء
СҶЦΨһ¶Ӧеһɻ֮⽫۽Ȼֻһ˲䣬ȴѾҶһ˫ɫȭͷݺȥ
˻ȭ
Ҷȣ˻ʵĹ칦֮ǰҪֲ࣬ùսˣЩ콾ڣ𾪲ѡ
ȫ޷ӲܵĿֲ˲ѪأеϽǹҶȡˡ
ٴˣһĿɿڴƺû뵽һĻϾ֮ǰۺҶȫƾУ磬ҲᷢתŶԡ
ڣɵҲף֮ǰҶڹʾԵУԱڹؼʱ̱شۡ
̫ˣҾ˵ɹǿ֮·ţʥ壬ôܲǿ
ʮ콾УҶǵһ
ò˵۵ʵȷǿû˵Ҷǿ

۷׷ףһ̾
Զһھ콾ɫޱأҶĿ⣬һɵѡ

Զŭ𣬿µϯ磬Ƭضս
ʵ̫ŭˣԴһ⼸ʹûйһΰܼѣǺɨݴ½һµأ޵С
콾ĻԻҲûаܹ˺ƽֶѡ
ڣȴǱҶ쵱ڴˣ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪βķı壬ʵȷҪǿı塣
һֱ޵У£Ψ޷ܡ
Ҷ죡
ۺݺݵصҶ죬ڵӣȵŭޱߵɱϱȾա


987 
ǹˣ
ŭۣҶеϽǹǳһĨЦ
ս˶ʱһҶ챾ʵѾôֲˣʱõ۵ʮ콾ûһĶˡ
ɫޱ˫ֿٽӡһصǣӡΪһķţҶеϽǹȥ
ߣ
ҶһΨһѸչԼȫ¶סˡ
Ȼ֪ڶʲôֶΣȴҲҴ⣬Ͼ۵ʵ˶١
ûõģҵң˭Ҳ޷á¶Ц֮ɫ
Ҷͫ׶ʱһ
ЩķţȻֱӴΨһ磬Ͻǹ֮СʱԭϢϽǹ˲âȥ·ʧȥ
ӡ𣿡Ҷɫһ
ʱҶоϽǹѾʧȥеΨһŵ㣬ֻʣǼӲǹˡ
һ㣬쵶ûʲôİޡ
Ҿ˵ͬ죬ôûһֶԤһ
һҲʧȥʵ󽵰

ս۷׷ס
λ콾ȴǰһҶʵѾǸе޴ѹˣõһǿ¶ûбʤİˡ
ߣҲܶҲõҶһϽǹӡΨһ֮УȻӶ˻ȭɱۡ
֣ͻȻʮ֮࣬ͬһˣҶ
޵壡
ս˾Ϊʮǿ֮һ޵ȴԵ÷ǳأ֪ʾжôǿ
Ҳûչֹǿ˸оɲ⣬һֱǳ档
ڣѾҶƵ˼ޣȴ޷ˡ
޵һ˶Ͻɫ۾һ·һϽˣȫ¶˸âɡ
ʺ֣ȻͲЩƣȴûвȵѪ޵еơ
ֱ񡭡һ߿һ
Ҷ첻СӶ˻ȭȥҲ˫ȭӭ˵ȭͷײֲ
ţҶɫȻһ䣬۵Ŀ⣬ʱһ˿ȡ
ߣЦһֻϽɫȭͷգ˺Ѳ񷣬ſֲݺݵغҶ졣
ҶӶ˻ȭӭȴ޷ۣһʱ˽ֽ׶Σս˷ǳ𺳡

۾ȻסҶ˻ȭ
ǿ쿴֮ǰ۱Ҷ˻ȭˣ˫ôΣȭͷһ˿ѷ춼ûг֡

ս𾪲ѡ
ػߣһھ콾𾪡
У̫̫ⱬ䣬ԭˣ޵壬ѹֽ޵壬ԭһ忰塣
Դʧɫѹ۴˿̱ôֲ˲ǰ޵µʵ̫ˡ
һھ콾ܵ˾޴ѹ
ҲȱݵģںķѱԴ֧޵ս״̬˶á̫Ц
ӵе壬ȴʵʵڵģ۵޵ǿˡ
һھ콾ԣʱ˿Ҫܹʼձ״̬Ǳ̫衻Ҫǿ
¡¡
߿Уκˣ콾ս˰ȻҶ־֡
Ҷʥ忪˼ޣ˶˽ɫȫѪƵһƬնȾ˽ɫ
ȻΰָߴͬһϽˣÿһȭÿһţ·̤ɽӣ£ƬضȻʧɫֹ
֮䣬ӿֳµܵĿռ䶼ˣһƬ綼Ҫˡ
䣡
ǿ񷣬˺ѿռ䣬Ѿ˼ǧغϣȴѷʤһڷǳ𾪡
˶۵ʵԽԽˣ˲ǰ޵µľ콾ʵ֮ǿ̫ˡ
λսľ콾ȴǷһߣǾ۵ɫԽԽˣҲûһʼʱ̹Ȼš
ıԴķѵ˼ޣѾ޷޵ս״̬ˣһ޷״̬͸ֵסҶ˻ȭˡ
ҶȻҲǲɵóһĨЦߵѾˣò˵ʵȷǿϧǰǲ
ԣɫû˵ֻȫƺҪͷҶ졣
ȻϾֻ
ֻأ
˻ȭ
ۼＫޣҶȻһΪһʩչֻأһʩչ˻ȭ
칦빥ۡ
ɫ䣬Ҳһʩչ޵ս״̬ȴҪΪһ壬Դʱֻһж
ҶʵǺεȿ£һҶѾ۸е޴ѹˣο
أ
۵Ͻ޷ֵҶ˻ȭһµѷ죬ȻǱֻصĿֲУ˲䱬ըѪ˷
Ψһ磡
Ҷû壬ѾչΨһ磬ʼֻЩѪ⡣
ۺεǿ󣬼ҶʵҲɱ
֣֮ѸٷȻ֮ǰǿȴҲͬСɡ
ȻҶǿ󣬱ϾѾشˣټϺķѲٱԴʱ͸ӲҶˡ
ûãٴαҶˡ
սѾˣǵɫӰһ޵еսֻӡ
λ콾ܵ˾޴ѹչֳʵ˿ȴҲסҶ죬򱬡
ǣܹס
ڳֻа֮Ӻ̫š
㻹һСǿôҲûϵһβоΣβоĴΣҾͲܹδθҶ쿴ۣٴλӶ˻ȭɱ
ɫޱȣг˷ŭǰʹݴ½޵֣ͬ޵Уǽգȴһδα˴򱬣ֳŭ죬ȴֲʡ
ҴӦˣͻȻսľ
֪ʱ򣬲ٽʲôˣҪҶϾҶΨһ֮£޷˲ߡ
ң֪Ҷ컹пռ䷨ûжãһֱɵġ
ۣѡˣԻʱ٣һѾΪȥʽ˴˲ǴľӢġ
·һЦ
Ǿһ죬۲һҶ졣
һòã̫ЦһҲҶɱȥ
ս𾪲ѣЩ콾ѵѾܵҶľ޴в׼ɱҶ
һȻڴʱа֮ӳˣžħն̫衡
ʲô֪аϹʱ칬ݻ٣ô̫衴ŭа֮ӣȴǳɵ
Һѣ칬޹ءа֮˵
̫衶ʱɫһûм֣Ͼ֪Լκβа֮ӡ


988 ̫ź
̫Ȼаֹ֮ˣǾȴȻֹҶ죬콾ֵǳֲùս𺳲ѡ
ɣ޳һȥæȴһԵĵֹˡ
ţ޳ĿµĽֱɢһɾâ
ȴһ޾壬Ҿ㻹ǹԹԴá
𣿡޳û˵һԵս޼վ˳ǿϢŵѹȹȥ
õȭ֮ʵԷǳֲʱս֮ʱһλ콾սһӡ֤Լʵ
ǵսòҪ֡Ϸ˹վһ˫ɫӣ͸µ⣬˵궼ڲ
ҲǺ۽𣿡޳Ц
ҡͷֻϷ磬߽ˡ
ߣ޳ʱüؿߣԶ߷ǳȻ˹΢Цһ˻˵Ĳǿߵ·Ҫѻ֡
޳ɫһû뵽߻ϷˣЩֺɻ
ս޼ɫҲ
ս˶𾪲ѣŸ߿б˴˶Գֵľ콾ǣǶʱףúݴ½ĸ֣Ϊⳡ˶޴ı仯
̫ۡ衣콾ˣҲ졢̫칬⹬ɿֲˡ
Ϸ硢˽ˣȻǱǿƾԼˣվݴ½۷塣
µǣĸ׵죬ݴ½ϵĵһʥ˻ʽĸǿߡ
Ҷ졢а֮ӡս޼޳ɵˣͬСԺݴ½
ˣԶػ߶ɫһ䡣
ʣˣκһܹıݴ½ĸ֣ݴ½ķչӰԶ
ݴ½Ҫˡ
ҪǷսݴ½¶Ҫ𡣡
ֻˡ

ս۷׷ףÿ˵ɫǳأΪˣҲ޷ѣҪǣС
Ϊڳ˶ʥ˵ǿߣһЩǿߣ޴ڵǿߣ϶˵Χ
䣡
УҵսȻڼۺ;콾֣ҶȻ·磬ȴҲռơ
Ƕÿռ䷨һЩƣҶףõƣҲ޷նɱۺ;ˣòţȵԺؼʱ¶Ҳ١
ԣҶԵúƽֻȫӶ˻ȭһ˶ս콾Ŷ޵У˾̾ѡ
෴ۺ;ɫЩѿˣϾ֣ȻϷ綼޷ռݣҪЦ
ľ콾ȴǿףȻ֣ȴûб¶ʵ
֮ǰܵشʱҲ޷ӵ۷սԼ˺Ҳ޷ռϷ硣
λǰְɣȥҲֻ˷ʱ䣬ҵȺò׾ۼһ𣬲Ϊ˹Ƶ𣿡
ػͻȻۡҶ졢˷ֿ
ػȻһ˵ʵ϶ʮ콾ʤ࣬ҶҲС
û⡣Ҷ쵭ЦһսսԻͣǲ֡
Ҳû⣬ȹƵǣԺ˵˵
һû˵Ҳ֪κβҶ죬ֻܰԺٱҲ١
£ʮ콾ػȫɫĻǰһڹսǿߣҲ֮
ڴ˵еĵǣҲ̫ʱĵһǣÿ˵ж˺档
ƺڶǺ͵һǺܲͬϹʱû¶
˵̫ʱһλ˻ǿɣһսݣΪıǶԿһ塣
Ȼ̫ᣬҲ֪ʣ¶ˣʵΣǸץס̫ᣬûбʳ𣿡

۷׷ס
ʱʥ۷弶ǿߣѺһͷɢƤȹӣȺ߳ػߺʮ콾ǰ
ţҶĿɨʱ֪Ǹӵӳ̫ᣬΪĴŴ綼̫ʱơ
ңҶ컹ִ˵ʵѾﵽʥ磬ֻֻдʥʵ
ǰʱ򣬷ǳشǲܴ򿪵ǣӳΪǣǾҪˣǸϽ˳֮·ȫ׼ӭս
ţǱƣѵһڹǣҶԣʱü
һλػҡͷ˵˵Ļֵţݴ½ĵ˶һڷʥڱսû˵طʲôˡ
Ҷ˼ȴôΪϾݴ½ܵڰ֣˭֪ʲôطʣյĵˡ
˵ǰʱ䲻ҸȼȻܿͱ޴ڴѹȥ˭֪ǻ
˵󷨵̫ȵǿϢѹ̫վվ
ǻڵģܹܵڵݴ½һûУ϶ǻûеһɱǸ޷赲
Ӳ̫۾һУɱŶҪǰȥȴҶ쵲סˡ
ʲô̫ŭҶ죬ȴһ˿ɵϾ֮ǰҶչֳʵ̫ˡ
ѻ˵꣡Ҷһ漴ǰ̫ʵղ˵ǣָ˭
ϣ̫źضҶ쿴־ϲŵ˵˻ʣôøһ˻һģһⲻܣһ˻ˡ
һ㶣漴㵵ؿҶ졣
һ˻ʣ
Цɣ
ҶҲû뵽Լ͵һ˻ʳú
һԵ̫Цһں˵˵ҿǹúǵ˼øе̫źʱ׼
Ȱ㻹ʵʵǡҲ˹˵
Ǹ̫źῴ˿ֿҶ죬ſڵһǳֲ˻Ȼǻˣȴ޷ԣ˻Լļ˻ʣսݣЩǱ֮һ
һλػ۾һæʵսҲ֮һ𣿡
˵Ǳ֮ǰɣλ̫˵ͷ˵֮ҲһսݣֻһȲϵһǿ󡣡
ػߺʮ콾ԣʱɫ䡣
սĴ˻֪ЩʥȴǷǳס
ݴ½߳ϵķʥڱսǿס޹
ڣ̫ȴǣһȱսĻҪֲ
Ҫһֹݴ½ֵܹ
һ̣ػߣʮ콾ǣȫأȻΪУǿһ壬ȴǱҪŽᡣ
ΪһС


989 
λ̫ʵĻôһ˴򿪵ǣ˵֮·ˣݴ½Ҫӭʷѡ
ϾЩȻ̫ʱ˻ʷΪ˻̫ǿˣ»񼶱ǿߴڡ
ڣݴ½ǿıֻǷʥûһλڣºѵֵסޡ
ԣڳһˣʱɫǳأԥ
Ȼǲȫλ̫ĻԷ˵أһ㣬ڳ˶Ĳ
ҶҲĬƬ̣漴λ̫ʵʲô֣
λ̫ҶӡܺãҲ֪ǲҶ쳤һ˻ʵԵʣæ˵ҽаȣ
аȣ
Ҷһ£һŹֵ֣̫ʱˣֶǳŹ֣ʲôֻ̫أ
ԣҶҲûж룬ʵаȣȻ˵Ƿһǳǿôǵе̫廹ֵܹס𣿡
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аҧҧЦµֵ˶ˣҲҳصǡ
ԣʱɫѿ
Ļ㲻򿪵ǣջҪȺµޡ
Ҷɫ˵ĻǻҪ򿪵ǣ֪ͨݴ½ǿ߶ϿЩֵ̫޵Ĺ
һλػߵ˵ͷսӵݴ½ѣ֮·Ϊսﻹкܶż赲һֵĽŲ
˵󷨵̫衼״ɵôȵ
ҲаȣҪ򿪵ǣͱҪ֪ǰ󷨵㣬Ȼȫ
ǵȷҪаȳʵ
һλػ̫̾ػݴ½ô꣬Ӧֵݴ½еˡ
λ콾Ҳ˵ͷȻǱ˴ΪУִֹϣȴ˶һ¶ġ
Ͼһ޷ƽദҪɱѪ⡢ڵΪʳ
˫Уݡ
ðɣȻ˾ϣ׼аħƬ̣漴һָԶĽɫâʱһ貵ָâƬɫĹĻĳγһɫıǡ
طʮλʥȫһ㣬ӦÿԴ󷨡аħ˵
Ȼˣλ׼һ£ְɣ
ػվǰ˵
һھ콾Ҷڣصص˵ͷ
·һʥǿҲ񣬵ǾҪˣӭ˵ĺܿܲǻײе̫ޡ
ڳʥǿǣȴûһ˺˻ߣΪѾվݴ½۷壬Ҳˣݴ½ˡ
ػߺʮ콾˿ȫվڸ߿Уÿ˵ϣͬʱ춯صֲϢϯ硣
ûע⵽·ʥ۷ǿ߿סаȣŸ߿еʮλʥ΢΢һ˿Ц
䣡
ػߺʮ콾ͻȻȫ֣һֲĹ۳һɾγһ޴ĻݺݵسǰĽɫĻײȥ
ʮλʥһʵֲ̫ˣԻء
ǿֲõ·һʥǶЩһǸܵ˾޴ѹ̲סҪ³ˡ
գѾˣռزϲһ޴ѷ죬֩һ㣬˷ȥ
綼ս
ƬɫĹĻܵɿֲĹһƬĤͻȻͰȥȴûб
һλػߴȵ
ʵѣλ콾ػǶѾ׼ˡ
Ƭ̣һֲĺƬɫĻȥǰȥıĤڵֵס鿪
һ˲䣬ǿǰĽɫĻһһΣΪǹ⣬ʧ֮С
ƬɫĹĻֳһΰľ޳ǣڲ֮£Ǿ޴ĳǽ֪Ｘ߼ʡ
ңЩǽ϶˸˺ۣЩطѾˣЩطովݣԵưܲ
ǽϣվഩƤȹߣһѪȻȫһɫʥǵǳޱߵɱھ޳ǵϿջ۳һѪϷš
޳ǵģһɿֲֺƴƥϢͬһ㣬ֱƲ񷣬Ƭأ˵궼ڲ
ôܣ
𣿡
ǾȻһ񣿡

ػɫ䣬ҶҲ𾪲ѡ
Ҷ쵹򶨺ܶ࣬һιҲħ棬ɵóⲻӦǷǳӽ񾳽İ񣬱ȷʥҪǿѾһֻ񾳽ˡ
ػߺλ콾ҲǷˣҶһ˵ʱӦˡ
ϢȻֲȷûдﵽ񾳽磬Ļڶվˡ
ʥȻʥ۷徳磬Щʥǿ߶ɱǾ񾳽ȴһ֮ң
һȽľ磬Ѿһֻ񾳽ˣ񾳽ֻа벽֮ң
һ˵Ҫȷʥǿ࣬ҲǾԵġ
ʷϣһЩֲķʥܹȼ磬
ԶĲ˵Ҷ˵ľʥڽʥʱôʵԲǰ
˵ľǸ˰Ѿ񾳽ˣܹõָ㣬ҲǺܿ񾳽硣һλػ̲ס˵
ϹʱҲֹ񣬵ȴѳ֣ԭ򣬱ûǿָǣԺѵ
ػߺһھ콾Ҷͽ޳֮⣬˻϶Ѿﵽ˷ʥ۷徳磬ֻҪ΢õһЩָ㣬п񾳽硣
˵ȴһĺϢ
λˡͻȻߵĻ
˵Ŀ漴ȥֻԶǵĳŴ򿪣һλѪɫս׵ĽһͷԳ˷˹
ʱһɿֲϢɱϯʹ·ܶʥǿǶվȡ
Ҷ˵ĿһһλʥһһķʥҶ춼ܵ˾޴ѹ
˿ҲŰˡҶ찵뵽
Щ̫õǿߵָ㣬Ȼ츳ҲȲҶˣھϣȴǿҶˣʵǳǿ
̫޴ˣ
Ѫɫս׵Ľһٽһ
ɫʱһ漴üͷ
䣡ʱѪɫս׵ĽͻȻеѪɫǹ汻λʥ۷ǿ߿סаɱȥǿµʱΧɫһ䡣
ס֣һλػߵŭء
ߣѪɫս׵ĽһЦѪɫǹƲ䣬ȴĳһƣǿֱӽλػߺɳȥѪ磬˺Ȼѡ


990 а
̫ǿˣ
һλػ߱Ѫɫս׽һƺɳȥ˾һھ콾ǣҲɫһ䣬иһ˿֮ɫ
Ҫ֪ػ߶Ƿʥ۷弶ǿߣκһ˶վݴ½۷壬ֻΪûӵʮǿʣűһھ콾һѡ
һھ콾ҪһƺһλػߣҲûмõұȫС
ǸոգλѪɫս׵ĽҲֻһѣʵҲδֲ̫˰ɡ
һھ콾֮УҲֻҶа֮Ӳܹǿõ
ǿѾӽˡа֮ӳ˵ǰѪɫս׽гء
ԣɫɵһ䣬ûм֣ػҲһ
ǣҶȴῴаȱλɱӰһ㳯λѪɫս׽ɫ˫ȭҵĹâ
Сһʥھ磬Ȼ츳»ղ˰ɣѪɫս׵ĽҶ쵲аǰеѪɫǹȻĿ꣬ǰͱȥ
һ˲䣬ҶĿޱȣܵһɾ޴Ϳֲɱ
˻ȭ
û˿ʵҶһɫ˫ȭ͵رҵԣ˲񷡣
ţѪɫս׵Ľ״ͫһ֮ɫ
ҶаȣҲǾȵŴͣڵһ˿Ĺâ
䣡
ȭǹײ졣
ҶʹѪɫս׵Ľȴͬʱ˼Զ
ʱһɿֲϢͻȻҶı󱬷֮Ļһǿɱ
ʲô
ôܣ

Զһ˾
ֻԭҶ커аȣͻȻһƺʥ۷ǿߣȻһɿȷʥǿϢֱ񷣬Ƶ
̫ˣаֻдʥʵʱȴͻȻʥϢƺػ߻ҪǿһЩ
ˣаյʱǳҶ챻Ѫɫս׽˵ʱһٱȫҶɱȥ

Ҷгŭ⣬ʱ֪ΪʲôѪɫս׽аȶ֡
ңȺˣѪɫս׽˵һ޴ˡ
뵽Ҷбŭһֻأ
䣡
ֲĺϯȥаȺȻײֱӽɳȥ
Ҷ첢ûоʹ˰֣Ѿŭ˼㣬Ǳƭķŭ
ҶͺһһΪһʩչ˻ȭһʩչֻأ빥аȡ
аȴһ۾ʱɺһƬҲ˲䷢˾޴ı仯úܴһֻֻѪֱܵ۴Ӷ˳Ȼȫ£һƬƬڽɫۼס
˿𾪲ѣˣһֻ̫ް
ػߺһھ콾ɫһ֪Լ˿±̫޸ƭˣһ޴ˡ
Ҷ쿴֮󣬸ŭ죬ʵأΨһϯ˻ȭƲ񷣬ֻطء
аȱ޺ʵѾһھ콾֮£ȻŭҶ壬ѪȾǧ
Ѫɫս׽¶̾ʧɫѪɫǹаɱȥҶػߺһھ콾ȵ޽аȣһʵǿ󣬻ܻûˣҲѿóϽɱ
ػߺһھ콾ڱԼ˱аƭѾǳŭˣʱԣ֣ȫаȹɱȥ
аѾҶشʱʮλʥѪɫս׽ɱȻ֪ԼǶ֣Ͻ˲ߡ
ȴԼ˲Ʋˡ
ߣҶЦɫ˫ȭӶضΪֲ֮񷣬õаɫ䡣
ԶѪɫս׽һǹɱֲͬǹɾɱΧĿռ䶼ˡ
ͬʱػߺһھ콾Ҳ֣Ǿ춯ء
ܵһĿֲа֪Լ޷ֵȴЦɱҲûãػѾƣݴ½עҪٴγĴ֮¡
ȥɣҶŭ죬ɫ˫ȭһɳҵĻ棬а˶ˡ
ʮλʥɱǿаȵÿһѪⶼݻˡ
ʥΣʮλǿʥֹ֮£Ȼֵס
˿𺳲ѣһλǿķʥɱˡ
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û뵽㾹Ȼ˻ǿ֮·߳ɹˣһӵʥ壬ҵõ˵˻ʵ˻ȭѹʵѪսѪɫս׵ĽЦŶҶ˵Ҳû֮ǰİһ֡
ȻҶǿʵӮ˴˵ĺøС
ǰ⵽ô£Ҷʵ
ػߺһھ콾ҲѪս
Ѫսɫһػǵ˻һλֲõģ󷨵Ƕݴ½ģֻҪûдﵽ񾳽磬ǵǵǿ֣Ҳ޷Ƶ󷨡
ΪػǲŲȺ޹ƵǣΨеаһ壬ȴһĴڡ
ǸղֻޣҶ˵
Ѫս˵ͷ˵аһǳ⣬ǳСһĴڡ
ܰɣղֻаȻһԵ̫ɻ
ѪսҡҡͷҸղҲ˵ˣаһзǳĴڣȻǳСҲһ⣬ǾаһĻʡҲΪаʣаʵļʷǳСôҲ͵һаʡʵǿ󣬶һɴ󷨵츳β˳ȥ
ǣ˵ǿҪֵסˣ𣿡Ҷ˵
Ѫս̾˿˵ĵǼٻǵֵסֻҪػȻ岻
˼ǵʵҪԶǿ󣿡һλػ߳ʵ
Ѫս˵ͷǵֻгһ˴ﵽ񾳽磬Ⱥ֮УȴѾλǿϣҲռơ
ȻˣΪʲôôûнǸ̫ɻ
ΪǰǵʳԲûжǸϾɱѪսͨһƬսȭͷ˵
Ҷ˶ʱһĬܹ󵽣Щǵ̫ǹ÷ǳҡ
λ񡭡εֵһλػ߳˵
ҶüҵǳӦÿԵֵһλ񡣡
̫衵˵ͷ˵̫һԵסһλ񡣡
Ҳһۿ˵
ӡˣҪܽ⿪ķӡǿǵĳæа֮Ҳ˵
һϵǵĳҲֻܵסλ񣬻ʣµλô죿ս޼
Ҳüͷû뵽һİô࣬ʵԿ⡣


991 ָ
˵ɫǳأλɽѹ˵ϡ
֪սڵΣ޳ͻȻʵ
λػеһҡͷսһλ񣬵һʶԵֵһλֳ˻ʽǿֵʣµֲֻܱܣڳǡ
ҶĿһڲ֪͵ȻҲǰ񣬿Ӧǵõʲô
λȥ֮һоЩɡаѾɱˣǶʱڻ֪ػ󷨱ƵϢǻһЩʱ׼Ѫսʱ˵
Եͷ
˵ĲҲЩҪ̣ôݴ½ûеЩ˴󶼱ڷʥ磬ܹ񾳽硣ۿ˵
ĳ֣һ˿ҶϣΪ֪Ҷڲʥڣʱڸ޷񾳽硣Ѿﵽʥ۷壬ֻҪʱ̤񾳽磬ʱȻԻҶ졣
һھ콾ػҲ۾һǶѾվݴ½۷壬񾳽ҲֻһĤѣֻҪʱͻơ
Ǻǣɲô״ﵽģ֪λһ壬Ǹɣɳ˵Ѫսҡͷһ̾Ҷˣŵȥ
ΰĵǣǳĸߴԽ˱ԽܵһɳصѹȸУ·ꡣ
ǽϣһʥ̫źᣬ絶Զս졣
ЩػӢۣһ˶ǳ塣
漴߽ڣĽֵͨ˴ܿߵӰȴû֮е
ǶԵ÷ǳİѹ֣鶼Щء
Ҷ˳ΧȥһЩСͯڲԶ似۵ϲ˼㣬ǵҲУ־ǳǿ
⣬һЩڻ似ĵãҲʥָͼһЩս
ҶԽľԽڵÿ˶Ŭʵû顣
ÿεǵҪڶλʱһɱʱһˣһɱϵİ񡣡Ѫս˵
ΪѹȣǲûֻϵСȫŬʵ
ǲûоΪ֪ҲûãΨһϣʵ
ҶЩأЩͬЩ̫źᣬǼֱǱȦļݣÿǿʢʱ򣬾ͻᱻո
ſľʯҶѪս˳
ɣռҲֻһ޴ʯԺӶѣԵ÷ǳļª
Ҷǵʱ򣬵ǵĳѾվԺȴˡ
վֻаӳȥˣҵܣݴ½ĸߴ࣬һѪȾƤȹüë棬һ˫۾
ػݴ½ô꣬Ҳֵǳеˡһλػ𾴵˵
һҽ֮󣬼½̸Ѫսȥųǳطˡ
ѪսıӰɫЩ˵һλÿҪڶλʱǾͻɱڣѪսѾҪ񾳽ˣһͻƵ񾳽磬ôһ϶ٴɱǵʱ䲻ˡ
ԣѪսıӰɵһĽ
񰡣
ҲǷǳ
£Ȳʵ֪βܹ񾳽磿
ԣʱ۵˼Ц񾳽粢֮ôףȻǵ츳ǳԺ˵ǰҲûпܣҪʱ䡣
ɫһҲ֪ȱıʱ䡣
΢ͣƬ̣˵ҪΪ񣬱뽫񡢻ꡢ⣬λһ壬ȫںϣܹս̤񾳽硣
Ҷһ֮ǰ˻֮Ĺʹ˻ʵļ֮ʵ񡢻ꡢ⵽ָʲô
Ҳɫ
˵ָԪָ꣬꣬⣬ָ־Ԫںϣս꣬սû˼룬ֻȻǿ󣬵Ҳޣֻ񾳽硣ֻн־ս֮Уܵս˼ϣʱλһ壬Ȼ̤񾳽硣
ԣʱȻ
֪ǿвսһֱ֪ôģȴˡ
ԭˣںϺ𣿡̫衲ɵʵӵ壬ܹս꣬ʵԷǳӽ񣬿ǿİԷǳźͽ
ͷǳѣţҲڶʱںϡһǵںսܣΪ벽ս꣬ں׶ˡ
벽սꣿսܣȡãۼʵ
˵һսƬںϣȵǵ˵ɫǾͳΪ˰벽սˡʱںϣٶȾͿˡ
Զʱڵݴ½Ҫȥһ񰡣
ҪһҲüɵȺˡ
ӵս꣬ҲõɣͻȻ˵
˶ʱ۾һ԰ҪսܣҲս꣬Ȼõ
ȴǿЦȻõȴҪķѲʱ䣬ѾڰѪս۰벽սˣٰǣԼս궼ҪˣϾֻǰ񣬲ûôǿսꡣ
һʧ
Ҷȴ뵽Լĵɫ꣬ڿӦþǰ벽սˡ
뵱ڱʮ˹õ칬һιĲȱս꣬ڷ֮ںϣɾɫꡣ
Դˣһֱǳ棬ֱڣ֪ԼѾ˰벽սꡣ
ĻֻҪҽʥ磬ôϾںԪ꣬Ӷս꣬񾳽ˡ
Ҷ찵˷ܣеĴջ
෴˵ɫЩˣȻѾ֪˽ܣ·ôѣǶʱڿԳɹġ
λʱǻǷͷж׼ΪȻȵȺ޴ͳˡһλػ߿˵
վĿһͻ죬ȡ
ҲҪ̫̫Ҳվһ뿪ˡ
ͬʱλػҲȥһҪ֪֮ͨ·ϵִߺָߣһ滹Ҫ֪ͨݴ½ĸ׼
ҶЩȵǣҲȥˣѲ⹬ҲԲܣϾ⹬û
ֿҲȥˡ
жʱֻʣҶ졢Ϸ硢а֮ӡ޳ս޼λػˡ
أʵ
λػ߱ʾ°سǣʱݴ½
˵ͷ漴Ҷˡ


992 ̽Ѱ
ȥ⿴ս֮ǰȹ۲һľʵǺаӭųѯʵĿ⣬Ҷ˵
а֮ӡϷҲǵ˵ͷ
޵ĴӪһǷ֣ʵǿҲΣաһĵط಻ıܹõôҲǳΪ
콾ʱ۾һ
λػҲǳȣʵ飿
ͷһֻϲĵرȴûȤԣ̫ʱڣѾ˺ܶĵرû׼ͻáȻЩĵرȤȴҲ֪Щĵرߵôķǳɭϣٶһλʥ޿أмҪСĽ
лѡҶ˵˵ͷ
һλȻҴ⣬Ҫ֪һסð񼶱޸ǣҲΣյġ
ˣһӪĵͼǼһ£ȻǺϸҲܱҪá漴óһŵͼҶ˼
Ҷ˾ϲѣæµͼҪ㣬ŵͼǰ̫ˣٿԿЩطΣա
ҪȻĻһСײһͷް˯ĵطˡ
˷׷׼µͼ֮󣬱뿪˵ǣλػߣҲҶһȥѰˡ
ֻа֮׼óħ
Ƭرһռô꣬۵ĵرýѾ룬Ҳܹ뵽жôӴ
ԣû˻᲻Ķ
ҶûкͱһжԼӳӡĵͼǰһƬɭַȥ
Ƭɭַǳޱ޼ʣľïʢһÿôִĲȴɽҪߣǳ𺳡
ɭ֮УҶӦ޵ϢΪ˲ݾߣѸԼϢСĵΣǰ
ŵͼмأһ̫źƬɭ֣õ˼ѪɫĹӣȥ֮ɱ¾࣬ûв´ĻֹӦþǵҶǳһĨЦݡ
ʵҪǾֻˡ
ʥڵľ磬ڱ˵Ѿܸˣվݴ½۷塣
ǺһڷʥȣҶеˣڵ֪˽ܣԼҲӵ˰벽սꡣ
ʱֻҪҶľﵽʥ磬ܹܿ񣬵ʱ츳Ǿǿİ񣬾Ҳɱܹǿһս
뵽Ҷǰɭ̽ȥ
Ȼλ̫ź᲻ֹõһöǾ˵ط϶еڡҶ֪һǲģܹշ֮Ȼ󲻶ϵʵ˵ûá
Ȼһ츳Ȼǿ󣬵ȴҲһȱ㣬ǾٶȺ
ݴ½࣬ǧܴӷʥ磬ǷʥһֻҪʥ磬ôҪ꣬ʮС
Ҫʥ磬Ҫʱ͸ӳˡ
Ļһͳһݴ½ˡ
ţ
˼֮䣬ҶͻȻͣסӣüͷ
ΪǰӦ˷ʥϢһֹһͷͷ
ͷʥޣ
Ҷɫʱڻ޴ӪΧѾͷʥޡ
һʵ֪
²ֹڰȲڷʥ棬Ҳǲ̫ˡ
Ҷɫ΢ݴ½˵ɲʲôϢ
ԤϣսܿͻᱬǸʱһǱƣôսܿӵݴ½
ʱ򣬾Իݴ½ѣѪɺӡ
ѵҪ˻ʵ𣿡Ҷ찵ѡںϵ˻ʸôʣϾܽ񾳽磬ʱͿƾһ֮Щޡ
ǣһĻҶҪô˻֮·Ҫôһӱ񾳽磬ⶼҶҪġ
򲻵ѣѡ񣡡
һлᣬֻҪܹΪһ˾ܶλδҪ񾳽硣
Ҷң뵽
£ǰͷʥǱжȥ
Ҷ첻ǰ׳գǳУô϶ͷʥ޸
ʵϣҶµĲһͷʥ޳Ѩ֮УӦ˵Ϣ
Ҷ߽һʱˡ
ͷ޵ĳѨ֮У˵֮⣬ĹʵһȫǰЩӵʯԡ
ֱǱﰡ
Ҷ쿴۲ѣͬʱŭǣΪͷץһӳȥͨˮɫɢŨȻ֪ʲôĵرԲ
ҶʱЩȻҪȴǲԣϾζҲ
𣡡
ͻȻͷгŹӵ޴һֻͭС۾Ҷڵķ
ΪŭҶ첻СйһϢͷʥ޸ˡ
𣡡ʱͷ׺ݵվӴͬɽһΰȫ¶ɫۼףɢſֲѹȸС
𣡡𣡡
ͬһʱ䣬ͷʥޣҲյͷʥ޵ѣ׷׳ŭ
գ۾ҶͱΧˡ
ҶʱҲܲô࣬Ѿͷߵһõˣ棬оŸѪɫĹӣɱ¾
ſŵԽʥˡҶһӶ˻ȭ㳯ǰɱȥ
𣡡ͷʥޣԱǰСϵľٶŭˣҲųҶײ
䣡
Ȼû޴󣬵ҶȭͷȴǳǿֲĽɫ۳һĺֱӽͷ޺ɳȥѪȾա
ضڲ
Ȼǿȷʥ𣬵ȴ̫ˣֻûнʥǰࡣҶһͷ޵ʵʱ˿
ͷ޵ʵȷﵽ˷ʥ𣬵ȴֻǳڣػߡִ߶Ҫǿˡ
ķʥľ콾ºɱǣҶȴԡ
ΪҶпռ֮ǿ硣
գҶѸչ磬ͷ棬ȡǼʮĹ㳯ǰ޼ɱȥ
ս֮ǰȽͷʥޣҲǸ˼ѹҶк˸
ȻɱͷʥޣҶȻŹǣϾ˫Ҫսġ
һͷʥޣƻǷǳֲģڿһɱͷֶΪأ

Ҷһ˴սͷʥʱԶǧ֮ĳأۼżаȡ
ѾˣӦóɹˣôһϵаȳ
ҪҪ֪ͨȺһ׳а˵
֪ͨаһʵһսһӮˣаһ϶ڻң»ȫ𡣡ϵаߵ
ô죿
ټˣȫδս
ӮһӮ޹ءʵСûвһӮԸǵġ



993 Դ
ռ֮
˻ȭ
ïʢԭʼɭУҶսȫռ֮ˣһϯȥܿͰǰͷ޸򱬵ˣɱࡣ
ȻˣҶʵǿ֮⣬оͷ޵ʵֻ̫ǿﵽʥ硣
ʱͷʥޣҲҶŭȻҲǻۣһƬϺйˣ֪ҶǳǿҲԸˡ
Ҫǣ֮УǸ޷ӵԶ
ãһ
ҶһЦӶ˻ȭɱȥµȭƵ죬Ƭ񷶼ڲ
䣡أ
ͷ޵ʵҲǿﵽʥ磬Ҷսȫ֮£ֵ˼ȭͱ壬ѪȾƬء
ǻû֮ǰҶʩչ˿ռ֮ǶסѾ׼õֻسûȥ
¡¡
ֻǿµĺûأڵƬ綼ڱ
ͷ޵Ѫ⣬ֱӱݻٵĸɸɾҲûһ˿һʣ
ɱּ޻鷳ǿô࣬ȴҲҪÿռ֮ܽǡҶȴüɱһͷʥǿߣ֮лҪѡ
ҶɱͷôɣûкķѶ೤ʱ䣬սȫ֮¡
ңҶʱѾķ˴пռ֮ټܹЩ
Ǳķʥа֮ӣδܹɱͷޣΪа֮ûа취ֹͷܡ
ݴ½˰ϵǿ⣬ܹնɱͷʥ޵ˣҲֻҶһ˶ѡ
΢ɨһսҶ뿪˴˵أϾղŵսܴѾвǿϢˡ
ȻҶ첻Щеķʥȴ±סȻްء

һɽ֮УҶϥɱ¾ܶɢƵɱ¾򲨶
ЩƳɷõЧҶûʱȥݴ½콾ϾţֻѡֱˣȻЧǲһ㣬ڷǳ㡣
ֹӻǶ֮컯ֱ̫ˣҪ޾ֹӣٲܹΪʥˡ
ſŵ֮ҶоԼľʥڣʵǿ˲٣жʱ˷ܲѡ
ͬʱҲеźΪûеˡ
ǿõҶʱȴȻˣҶˣҲʼˣ̫ˡ
Ҷǵ֮ǰʱ򣬻ǳʢģôһ¹ȥͷôı仯
ô£ѵСУ߻ҪʲôϣҶüͷһץõѾˣҲںˡ

Ҷ𣬴һֻȱõĸ첲ѪѾľֻʣ½ɫĹͷҲʧȥ˹
ֻõĸ첲ϣ쵽˽ɫĹͷ֮УԿóȥһǻŵģѾ޷õˡ
Ҷ쿴һĻͫ׵ɴϴ֮ɫ
ԾȻʬ棬ӶԾٽԼ
ҶѾԼ۳סˡ
ֻõĸ첲ȷʬ壬ȻѾʧȥеԾǵɫĹͷ˵ҫ۶Ŀ
ǿߺѱɱս걻˴ݻٵĻôȱҲˡ
ΪҪ۳ս꣬Ԫ־ҪϣʧȥԪ־Ǻ꣬Ȼס˵Ĺ
ʥһԪ־ǷֿģֻʣһѪ⣬׸
սǳǿҪս꣬ǵ˵ʵҪӿ²С
ֻҶû뵽ǣȻǳʬ棬ҪԾܹ
Ҳѹ֣Щ̺֮ŷƬҶ찵뵽ôˡ
Ƕ֮컯ʬеķƬӶ˹ʵ
û뵽ƬϣһλӦ̫ʱ޶Կһλɣ
Ҷһ̾漴պ鸯õĸ첲׼ҸطúᣬϾλǰǰΪػ
ˣҶһ֮ǰͷ޴սĵطҪҳλǰʣĲȱʬ壬ȴһӣ治ѻʬ壬ʥʬ壬кüپ֮ࡣ
Ȼʥʬ塣
ҲҶ𺳲ѣֱĿġ
ûв´ĻǵɱЩˣǵʬ׼ʳԣ˱仯ڱ浽ڣҲ˵˵

Ϊôǿߵʬڴˣʹô˵صǳŨԲŵôĵر
λǰǰϢɣΪǵƴػݴ½Ȼ£
ҶһеʬһȻȫ֮УǾѾõĹײ֮С
׼ݴ½һˮϾЩǰΪػݴ½ܱݴ½Ҳ̫˰ɣ
һУҶϷǳأ֪ڰĴݴ½֮⻢񣬻ôޡ
һս֪Ҫˣһ֡
ţ
ȻҶоԶһǿϢȻǳȴܽӽ
һͷʥ޵Ϣ
Ȼ䵥ģýǸЩǰ𣡡ҶһЦֱӳϢ˲ƶȥ
֮Ҷ쿴һͷʮֱֻ۵ľ޴ԳȻץһ̫ᣬ۴š
Ҷɱǣֱӳȥɫ˻ȭƲ񷣬µϢա
ŭҶѾǳֲˣټǰʥڣԴʱ¶ս͸ӿֲˡ
ͷԳ޲ŸոշҶ죬ͱ䱬壬ǸԳץס̫ᣬȴҶһս֮С
ռ֮
Ҷûһ˿飬ǳʥ޺ѱɱһ־ȫռֵ֮Ҳ¶Ѹٻɱޣ˿Ŀܡ
䣡
һѪⱻҶݻ֮󣬴˵ƽ
ҶŴԼ֮УץǸ̫ᣬĿؿ
лǰ̫֮мϲ˵
ҶɫȻĮޱȣ̫һЦаһı»ȻʵУͶı£ȴҲ
̫ԣʱͫһǱŽ֮ģɻ˵ǰǰ˵ʲô˼֪ʲôаȣ
Ȼ㲻֪ͿȥˣҶһЦ̧һֻƣµлֲۣѹ
аȶʱ̿ˣæ˵ǰҪɱңҪϢ㡣
֪ԼѾҶ쿴ˣԲ


994 ֮Ĺ
в֮£аȲòʵˡ
ҶߵΪۼּ̫ǲǵģȻݣȴҲܹµõ
аȶʱ£Դû취аȻֿµ츳ǵĻʻɴ󷨣һʵȴǳ£һ塣
ӢаȿЦ
ҶһЦ漴ʵղ˵ҪϢʲôУһҲʼɱ𣿡
ղͷԳǳŭץаȣЩ档
ˣӦúǵػѾǵĻʸƵˡа˵
Ҷ۾һУʱɱ
аæ˵ˣȱǻȥʱǾѾ֪ˡаһ岢ûнϢλΪ֪巢˴սаһСʵֻڻңᱻġ
ǵ֪ߣҶߵЩȣаһȻޣȴǳ
ˣϢʼסģаһѾڷԲⳡսҵùղǸڽץסҿǰ˳Ѿ֪ˣ廹ôս׼ɡа̾
ҶЦҪҵҪϢ
Ҷеɱаæ˵ˣֻǸ͵ϢҪߵ㣬һ䡣
аȷǳҪҶɱģͱҪ㹻ҶıС
Ҷԣ۾΢΢һаһϾƬϣǷǳ֪һЩ䣬ǵȷ⡣
£ҶʲôõĻһῼǷŹġ
Ҷı֤аһæ˵ˣͬСɣȻһûããԴ͸ˡ
ŶǵʲôҶʱȵ
һаȻû˵꣬Ҷסĺ֮һ䣬ɱ


Ҷؿ漴ԼСУǿѾȥĵȡ˳Цȷ˵ãǾ̫˰ɣƭңߣ
󡭡ˣаæŵ˵
㻹ʲôҪ˵Ҷߵ
аæ˵ˣˣ˵ĵõͬ
ߣ˵Ҳ֪ͬиַĵҪɷĵɱ¾ĵҶ
аԿЦˣ˵꣬˵ĵһõֻ̺һλ񼶱ǿķƬҪĵǿ̺һλķƬ
ʲô
Ȼֵ
Ҷ𾪣뵽ʲôɫʱһ䡣
ǳʬϵģôа˵ĵѵǳһλʬ棿
Ҷ챻Լ뷨ˣѵƬϣһλ񼶱ǿڴˣ
ˣһϯݴ½ȥ֪ж٣Ҳв٣Բּܹĵа˵
˵ĵҪַ𣿡Ҷæʵǹؼ⣬ֵɷɱ¾ô˵Խ˽ʥ磬ʡȥһʱĿޡ
аЦˣöɱ¾ģҲ˵ˡ
Ŷô𣿻ƭңô˵ֻΪ˱סСҶЦȻôаȣϾ࣬ı졣
аִޣҶ͸ӲҴˡ
ǣǣˣ˵λǿһλӵп֮šӵʵˣһ㶼ɱ¾ǿߣҪŸո̤񾳽磬δػᱻΰɱаæ˵
Ҷһ֮壿ѵǵ˻˵Ǹѣȭλǿߣ
ôһ˵Ҷ쵹ЩСˣжʱЩڴѡ
Ҫ֪ҪΪ񣬱ȻҪһļԲľ硣λӵп֮ľǿߣ϶Ѿɱ¾Բľ磬ʬ泤ĵǶҶ˵ǱҪˡ
һ˲䣬ҶоԼͨͨԿ϶ֻҪõöԼȻܹʥ硣
ȻҪ˶ãͿս̤꣬񾳽硣
ʱ񾳽磬Ҳֻа벽֮ңˡ
գҶæʵö񻹱𣿡
ڿ֮ĹУԱãΪп֮ĹػţλҲ޷֣˵пĴСаæ˵
֮Ĺ
Ҷ۾һѵ˻֮Ĺһ֮Ĺλǿߵ֮أ
Ҳԣ˻ôܻԼսʬҰأ

֮ĹӦúΣհɣҶضаȡ
аæ˵˵ǿ϶Ǳɣ˵ȴδˣϾҲϣѴġ
Ҷ˵ͷ⵹ҲǣϾ˻֮Ĺŵġ
գҶаȴһ¿֮ĹڣŽһˡ
㣿
ߣƻػ󷨣ҷŹǣֱ롣
ҶЦ
ޣŲὲʲôããǶġ
࣬ı졣
ҶóԼĵͼҵ֮ĹڣȻ˺ѿռ䣬ֱӳſ֮Ĺ˲ƶȥ
֪֮ĹôôģΪöòȥһˡ
ңҶԼʵǳţ򲻹񣬵ǽһλҲɱ

һڰĵ¶ڣаȷǳعһǰ
ǰ£ˣ˵ȫ¶ں֮УϢɭֲ޷⡣
һϵаæ˵ķԸһѾҶ֮Ĺˡ
ܺã֮ĹҲҶķĹҶ찡Ҷ죬Ҫлңһˮأ
ԹЦ

ݴ½֮ء
ȻǷ֮ؿʱ򣬵ȻޱȣΪҰԪŰ
ＸߵĽء
Ȼ죬һµߣȴƿռ䣬߽֮أҳħȥ
𣿡
ҵû˵ɣ绹Ҫҵġ
ħ֮Уħ泩ĴЦ
ɫߵҪսܡ
С˼ħһЦ˵Ȼҵս걻϶ӡˣȡһսܣһܹõģʲôأҪȥڵʵҲǿˡ
ȥ붼룬һߵ
ħҲ⣬һЦһͻһɣڲųȥݴ½һûУȥҲûɣǲТͽңŻɣ
ǹħ棿˵
ˣҶ죬ͽТ˳ģλɱҶ죬㡣ħЦ˵
͵ˣҲɱҶ졣ߵ
ģҴûյ飬˵ɱǾһܹɱˣ㵽ʱֻҪų־СȻɱˣҲóˣξ͵ġ
ߣһתȥ
ħ濴ߵıӰڵ˳ЦݣħףһξͻеڶΣҵĺڰħԨ


995 ɱ
ţ
߾ȻѾ˰񾳽磡
ǰ֮Ĺ;УҶͻȻյ˽޳Ϣʱޱȡ
ߵǳ˽⣬ԷҪô񾳽磬ǵõսܡݴ½ûһڰǾ͸Ƿǳϡˣҵսܣ
Ҷ˼֮ʣǰͻȻһϤϢа֮ӡ
ÿֲľϢа֮ӵľħѾ׽ˡǰľϢҶ찵Ľѡ
а֮Ȼûн񾳽磬ǿѾħҲδĶ֡
ʱа֮ҲҶ죬ɹ
ʵϣ˵ķһµģֻķ΢ͬѣʱûϵһ
Ҷ죡
а֮ӿҶ죬΢Щȣ漴˵ʲô
ҵõϢƺһ֮ĹҶЦҲûжа֮
֮ĹҲ֪˵а֮ԸӾˡ
˵Ҷɻ֮ɫҡͷ˵Ǵһа�Ϣô֪֮Ĺģ
һԶʱĴ˵Գں棬˵ǲġа֮΢ͣƬ̺󣬼˵˵̫ʱһλųƿľǿߣ˻һ𲢼սɨޣֻһսʱ
ϧǣֹϹʱԶʱҲû˵ִǣ˵еαҲû֪ˡ
а֮˵
ҶԻȻ漴Цôһ˵֮ĹӦĴˣҪ֪˻֮Ĺʱս޼͵õλǰԴĿȭ
ȭţôһ˵ⴴȭǰӦþλǰˡа֮۾ʱһ
ɣҽս޼ͽ޳Ҳһ̽һ֮̽ĹҶ˵
а֮ӵ˵ͷ
ʥٶȷǳ죬ټϽ޳ս޼ƬأڵõҶϢ֮Ͼ͸Ϲˡ
޳ȽϵΪ֪ԼľҶһͣȴûҶֲֿ츳һھ콾֮Уڵ׵ģʱڸ޷񾳽硣
ս޼Ϣ󣬶ʱ;ϲѡ
Ҷ죬˵𣿴ȭλǰս޼˷ܵ˵
ӵп֮壬Ҳѧ˿ȭٵõλǰĴУô˵񾳽磬ǽ񾳽磬Ҳδزܡ
оųɼģҶЦ
ս޼ʱѡ
˵ٸ֮Ĺ
֮Ĺλ޴ӪȽϿλãԷǳΣգҶҲҴ⣬СĵԼϢ
Ҷ˸е֮ĹʱȻͷȷʥţʥҲмʮͷ֮ࡣ
ô죿֣¶ܴ󣬻񼶱޵ġս޼ü
а֮Ҷ졣
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵Ƚҵ磬ҽһսֻҪǶһ㣬ܹ֤ûһϢ¶
ʥսĿԱ֤йһ㣿ս޼Щ𾪵˵
¸ǣɹǿ֮·۵Ψһ磬ʵСһ硣ҶЦ
޼ʱĽ֮ɫ
ҲĽˣĸ˵УҲϣõĴСǣܹõһЩ㹻ˡһԵĽ޳Ʋ
ս޼ʱ
Ҷ漴һսԼ֮УȻСĵǱйȥͷʥ޲ע⣬һӾͽǣͬǵ£ȫ˽
𣡡
𣡡

Щ޷ǳ񱩣ڿͻȻһƬİ󣬲ɵŭȻǿа֮ӡս޼޳ʱȫŭس˹
죬һһսپս޼ţҪȥһ˱Ҫ졣
Ǿа֮ӣ
һ
а֮Ӿħһ
ʱµһĻˡ
Ѻɫħ͵رħҵĺɫ㱩Ǽٱһ޴ħ˺Ѳ񷣬նա
а֮ӾôһɨǧǳޣǷʥģʥģȫһ˲塣
٣
ţа֮ңӡµ˫֮ƳȥϯǰĴء
Щʥޣɱĸɸɾ
ͷʥޣҲɱʣµѣ־ؿŰڰеа֮ӡ
ǰֲ̫˰ɣ
ӺϹս޼֮ɫ漴Ľؿа֮еľħ֪λǰû
ɵڴ֮ɫ
ʣ˵ͷʥޣս޼ͽ޳һһˣǳɡ
ҶȻûн磬ȴؿһĻа֮ӱֳʵҲǳ𺳡
˵ӵг׽ľħа֮ڵʵѾҶ࣬±ȵǵĳҪǿ
ߣ
ǽȥɣ
Ҷս޼ͬʱ˵
ʶа֮ǿʵ֮Ҳϣ񾳽磬ӵµ
漴֮Ĺ
ĹѨ˻֮Ĺǳ򵥣ĹѨһƵģһţһѪɫĻš
Ҷ˴Ӵ룬ɵؾʹѪɫĻ
ʵѪɫĻֻΪ޶ѡ
ֻҪ޽Ͼͻἤ֮Ĺػ󷨣ʱ򼴱ǰҲɡ
ԣôȥˣ֮ĹȻȱ

֮ĹԶһڰ֮У߳һˣңңſ֮Ĺķһ˿֮ɫ
Ҷ쾹ȻͷʥսСУսô죬ȻһϢûй˵ʵ½ӽˡ
ֻǸܵͷʥϢʧûпҶһˣԻΪЩ޶Ҷһ˽ġ
˺
ڴʱѿӰ˳ؿźˡ
ϣô콾ж¶ʷˣ˿ǰͻȻļˣɭЦ
⼸̫衡ۡߡϷ硢콾
ɨһ۲ԶĿ֮Ĺˣ˵棬֮ĹֻҶһ𣿡
ôѵǵõϢһ𣿡ˣҲǹħɻ
𿪿˵ղҵõϢƺа֮ӡ޳ս޼ˣͻȻʧˡ
ʧҶһ𣬶ңҶõ֮ĹϢ󣬻˷𣿡Ц
˶˽֮ģ֮Ĺֱأ˭Ըͱ˷
ϧû뵽Ҷа֮ӣȻа֮Ҳ֪˿֮ĹôҶҲͲͱ˷ˡ
ֻ˵ڤڤ֮⣬ҶмһС
ôʲôһҲô˵Ķֱ֣ɱȥɡ̫衲ͷ˵
۵Ҳŷڵɱ⡣
һ۷ս


996 ˫ͷȮ
֮Ĺ
Ҷ˽к󣬶ʱһ㶣ΪǰԶһڣһƬѪɫĻ赲š
ڴϥһͷĹɢһɿֲϢ˿ų۾ŽҶһˡ
û뵽Ȼĸûϵһ
˵ŵǳóԣ˵Ǵ裬֪ǲģ
ûʲôֱֻۺֻƣֻϲ˺ɫƬԴȴ͹ͷûʲôֻǷǳ׶˫ɫӣɢĿֲɱ⡣
Ҷڣ˶ܵ˿µѹȡ
˵ͷޣ϶ﵽ˰񾳽硣
û뵽澹Ȼһ񼶱ػš޳ɫص˵
ǼٵģЩ޹ϵģǿ֮Ĺڡս޼ɫҲЩѿ
ֻһ񼶱ޣǻܳȥҶߵ
Ϊߣа֮Ҳǰ񼶱𣬶ұͷֻǿ
ȻǸֻͷιҶɨһ֮˫ɫӣͬʱа֮ӡ
ǿľϢѵĸ֮ǿһӦþǸҶСӰɣ
ͷι˵
Ҷüͷһ壬֣Ϊǵһεôܻ֪֣
ңӣƺ͵ҶеһֲõԤС
ıǵ˫ͷȮɣа֮ڳˣһֱڴǰιʱſڡ
û뵽ڻֹа޴š
а֮ǰĵ˫ͷȮ˵
˫ͷȮ۾һУЩصؿа֮ӣ漴Цû뵽ôȥˣݴ½࣬ûǵ˫ͷȮһĿ£
ٷϻȽ֮Ĺ˵ս޼һһ˫ͷȮֻ޴ȭͷȼųҵĻ棬Ӷȭǰ
ս޼˴ֿ񣬵ȴϸ壬ǳĿʵһֱȫ񻯵츳Ҳڵһʱ䶯ˡ
Ȼ˫ͷȮ˫۾˳֮ɫЦʵҲߣ
һߣ̧һֻǰצлѪۣµķâ˲ս޼
ͣ
ս޼ӼٵɳȥؿڳѪۣǿ̲סһѪŵؿŲԶĵ˫ͷȮ
ͷ񼶱ޣǿٶҲǳ죬ֲ̫ˡ
ߣ޳Ҫ֣ȴҶס
Ҷ˵һΪʩչҶȫ˵˫ͷȮ
˻ȭ
ֻأ
Ҷ𣬱ֲ
̫ˡ˫ͷȮЦҪ֣ڴʱȻҶ۱ɫ
̫ˣҶЦռ֮ʱųɫĹ˫ͷȮ֡
ƾͷ˫ͷȮаʵҲֹסˣ޷ؿҶľֽû
䣡
Ҷ˻ȭݺݵغڵ˫ͷȮϣֻɫȭͷһ˲䱬˳ҵĹâֲ̫ըһ㣬ӿ졣
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˫ͷȮΪ޷ֻӲسһУǹǿۼ׶ˣѪɣء
Ȼ⻹ûֲֻ֮꣬ƻɽһ㣬ϯء
˫ͷȮٶȱشӺݺݵصɳȥһֻԴˣѪգȾ˲񷡣
ˣͷ񼶱ޣȻûбҶ壬ֻ˵˶ѡ
˻ȭ
ҶҲԼܹһؽһϣɫ˫ȭٶȺ
ʱ˫ͷȮѾӿռ֮ѳʣµһԴϣǷŭĻ棬ֻ۾ҵɱ
ܺãɹŭˣ˫ͷȮ𣬿µ˷ϯȥ˶䷢ۣѪˡ
̧һֻצץסҶֱۣȻҶ˦ݺݵڵϡ
¡¡
ҶоԴðǣ֮ĹҲ֪ʲôģǳӲܵղǰҵĹûѡ
һ
а֮ڳˣһն˵˫ͷȮһֻ첲Ҷ˳ǹǿľ֮⣬ǽ˫ͷȮɳȥ
˫ͷȮһϱۺԴٴγ˳һҲʱָˡ
ɱа֮һžħٴγŵ˫ͷȮնȥ
˫ͷȮ֪ħĿ·âӲӣҪ
ڴʱһϤɫٴγֶ
ڣԶҶָƣһʩչռ֮Ϊа֮ȡᡣ
а֮ǺεȴڣȻûкҶ칵ͨ˺ûᣬȻŹ
ȣ
һȫħµħһ˲øޱߣΧĹˣһ˺ڰ֮С
䣡
ڰ֮Уֻһ죬漴оǰһٶȻָ˹
ڲԶ˫ͷȮѾһ⣬ѪȾ֮Ĺ
٣а֮ӳʤ׷ӡֿµĹ칦չֳǿǶѪû
ֻأҶȻҲŹʱ̣ٳȥֻء
Ȼվ̫ǿˣ˫ͷȮȻħشҶ죬а֮ӣ˱ֻзʥ۷ս޷ȫݻѪ⡣
ڲԶ壬ŭһͳſ֮Ĺȥʧǰ
ˣ޳ص
ôɱģζҶĽҲ޷شа֮ҡͷ˵
ǿžħǿģʵҶ졣
ҹƣҪ˶ãͻλ񼶱ޡս޼
Ƚ֮ĹɣҪõ񾳽磬ҲپˡҶ˵˸
ղĵһսҶؿ˰ǿҪǿſռ֮Ͳǵ˫ͷȮĶ֡
Ҫܻ߻ɱҪﵽ񾳽С
ҶԿ֮Ĺ֮иӼˡ
ս޼ղҲָܣҶĻ󣬶ʱ˵ͷ˵ڳȥͷ񼶱Ҳṥǣû֮Ĺܲܵõʲôʵ
а֮Ӻͽ޳û飬һ̤ڣʧѪɫâ֮С
Ǹոս֮Ĺ̫衵λ콾ǹħ棬˽
ôûˣ̫衿ſյĵطʱüͷһ塣
ǿѾ֮Ĺˣɫ
üͷ˵ǿҵľ֮⣬а֮ӺҶһ𣬿ս޼ͽ޳Ҳڣѹһͷ񼶱޶޷ǡ
ۺ;ʱһѿ֮ɫû뵽ᷢ⣬ɵ뿴󷽵档
ЩΣϾ֮ǰ֤˵ֻҶһˣȴû뵽
Ҫаֻ֮һˣս޼ͽ޳ֵһᡣסа֮ӣϷסս޼ͽ޳ʣµļλһֶԸҶ죬ҾͲ첻ɣߣ̫Ц


997 Գ
̫衵Ļ£콾Ҳһ֮Ĺͬ壬ȻҲܹȥ
ֻǵǽȥ֮ȴֿռͨΧȴûҶ˵Ӱ֪һͨ
ô£񵽵׸ʲô̫ü
ǿָǰһʯ˵ͨһͨ򴫳֮أһ֮ͨأÿֻѡһ
˵ˣɫЩѿˣΪ֪Ҷһ
ԣҲüͷ
һ˵Ҷ˽⣬ǳţ˻ʵĴУϣ˵ĴˡĿֻһǾǵõµı磬̤֮֮أֻս޼һ˻ߡ
Ȼˣߴ֮أ㣡Ϸԣ̤ͨ򴫳֮صĿռͨ
ҲǣҲ˽ȥ
˲ɵ漴һѿ֮ɫ֪Լ˸ˣˣǸɱҶġ
˵Ϸ͵£˵ԭΪ˿񴫳С
ߣһǽҶ֮Ҳÿ̫ɱ˵
ˣǣûаʵǸҲûôЩѾ㹻ɱҶˡҡҡͷһ̤֮ͨصĿռͨ
̫衡ߡ棬Ҳ֮С

ϣҶ졢а֮ӡ޳ˣȷ߽֮ͨصĿռͨ
֮ͨصֻͨս޼һѡˡ
֮ͨصĿռͨһߣһƬѪɫ磬и߸߹Ѫɫ̫ɢĹâ綼ѹָС
غأûһ˿Ϣֻ޾ɱ¾Ϣ
ÿµ磬ֱֻΪɱ¾ڣҶ̾
а֮Ӻͽ޳Ҳ˵ͷ˶¶֮ɫǰжȥ
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ͻȻԶҳһ˻𣬴ǰһɹ׺ѪϢϯ硣
ҶüȥʱѪӰǰƵֱжͷʲô޶УɢϢҲǿ
ЩǿɱޣǵԹ鱻ɱ¾ɣһֱ٣κν顣а֮ص˵
Ҷͽ޳ҲҴ⣬Ҫ֪񾳽ǿߣɱޣ񼶱޶С
ּޣԹ飬ǷǳֲģǷʥҲҴ⡣
𣡡ǵٶȺܿ죬ͬһƬˮϯɭµϢƵֹ˱
˻ȭҶһ˫ȭƲ񷣬ɫĹâɱ¾磬һƬ޵еѹ˷ϯȥ
˻ȭǻʵȭЯĴƣа֮֮׵֮֮¡
ԣҶ˫ȭɨ֮䣬һͷͷԹ鱻򱬡
һ
һߣа֮һֳ־ħȫħûһͷ޿Եֵס
޳Բһ㣬ĽǳǿټԱа֮ӺҶ커ţҲԵ÷ǳɡ
սȫһ·ֱײɱ¾ȥ
ܿ죬ǾͽȺ޸˦Զˡ
ʱǸܵǰһŨǳŨ˱ǣϮˡ
ȻŨҶ۾һѵʲô
а֮Ӻͽ޳Ҳ뵽˵ǰһǾͿһƬɫ֮أ泤ĵر
ҶʮʥΣǳƤرȥ÷Ҷ֮æ档
֨֨ҶеѰ֨֨ţȻǸӦĵرϢǳ˷ܺͼ
Ҷ췢ﲢûκΣգ㽫úѰһ˳СһһͳǰĵرȥԵ÷ǳ˷ܡ
Ҷýа֮ӡ޳ˡ
֮ǰа֮Ӻͽ޳ȻҶ磬ҶܴҶʱѾ÷ڰȫĵطǲûм
û뵽ҶֳŻżˣǺǣ޳ѵõЦһ¡
ҶһЦҲߵͨ졣
а֮һȽ޳Ҫ䵭ֻǶõ˵ͷ漴ǰĵرҡҡͷЩﲻô󡣡
˵꣬ûвժ
Ҷͽ޳ԲɵÿЦãһֲժЩĵر
ҶмͽܣҶҵһˣЩĵر˵Ҷҵĺʵ࣬ȻŹ
޳ҲɽׯȻҲŹ
ǰҶժ
ĵرǳ࣬Ҷ˻֪ΪʲôҶƬ£޵ʬʱȻ
նɱʬ壬ȫѻЩʬ֮йʹǳŨж̺޾ӶŵôĵرҶ˵
ﲻֻһ㱦ɣ޳ˣΪ˵õıٲҲ磬ΪЩĵرġ
ǰ濴Ҷ漴úѰս֮УϾǰΣѲ⣬ǱյΪ
˼ǰǰ
úǿһ޴ɽӦһ޴ķĹԱһߴǧɵʯһ̫֡
ѵĵطڴ֮𣿡Ҷ״ɵһȻ
ǿ֪Ƿ񱣴ãа֮Ŀȵ
˵ǰľ޴Ĺȥ
ȻڴʱӺͻȻǿϢǵصϯ
Ҷɫʱһ䣬صؿ󷽣ȴ̫衵ˡ
Ҷ죬ڵˣ̫衹Ц֮ɫһɫսףȫ£ֻ¶ֻڵ۾ЦضҶ졣
ԱߣһϽɫĳ趯Ͻɫ⣬񷣬˺աһ޴Ͻ֣ı󻺻תɢһɻϢ
ߡ棬ҲؿҶˣǿϢֱ񷡣
߲ƣ
Ҷ˶ʱһ
ԷˣͬȺӶ²Ǵ֮Ĺô򵥡
ңǹħҲˡ
̫衣ʲô˼ΣѵʱӦҪŽᣬٲҲҪȵ֮󡭡޳ŭȵ
䣡
̫ûȽ޳˵꣬㽫һȭɳȥٶȣޱǿ֮ǰͬն
а֮ӺҶ춼Ԯ˲ɵһɱؿ̫衡
̫Ц֮ɫȻͷ޶ѣûǣԽ
ȰڣҶг˭֪Ǻսʱ򣬻᲻ǱһȽҶ죬һսЦ
ҶԱŭЦߵ޳ܵĽڣҲҵóҪսսҶĳ⼸󱲣ߣ
ϻôʲôֱʱһ֮̽Ĺм˵ûаҶҲ֪Ǵĵ
Ҷ죬ҵĵۺ󽻳ҿԱ֤ʬݴ½ļˡ˵Ͻ֣ɢſֲϢҶѹȶ
Ҷתͷؿۣص³һ֣


998 
֮ĹУҶ˺̫Գţ֮жһɽŵաɱй¶ȶֱ
ߣ
һһ˫Ͻɫɱɫ񽣣˺ѿռ䣬ޣݺݵҶ졣
ɣҶֵʸûСҶһȭ֮ɫȭ磬ضս
ޱΪ޵еľ콾Ҫսʤ֣ͬ˵һ衣
֪Ļ˵ɱҶˣҶ
Ȼұȫ㣡۴һϽѸٹǿֲϢ¶ܵնˡ
޴Ͻ֣·һḥ̂ĥ磬ѹ棬ƥ
˻ȭҶûһ˿һأսȫʥõ˼ޣµĽɫȭƲ񷣬սֱ졣
¡¡
Ͻշѹܵȫ飬µ춯أϢѹȸС
䣡
Ҷ˫ȭ֮ײȴ˫۷飬ǹɿµг˶ɳȥѪ硣
̫ǿˣ

޷ӳȫѾ㹻ԸҶˡ
Ҷ죬ڣ̫衼״Ц˲˺նɫ˫ѹ磬µ
۵Ͻֲ̫ͬϵһսףǳֲɱǹͱϽֲһˣԸûдﵽ񾳽Ҷ㹻ˡ
䣡
Ҷָܿ˫ۣת˻ȭ̫衼ս
̫衵Ĺһ㣬ûһҶȴҶϽѷ졣ȻսȥҶƳŲ˶೤ʱ䡣
Ҷ죬˵һ飬ҵĵۺ۴һٶȿϽշѹ
һа֮ʱһޱߵħǰѺɫľħʱһƥľ쵶â񷣬նأϽײһ
ҹ۴ŭ޵屬ӿϽ֣а֮ӺȻײ
ߣа֮Цͬչħ֮壬ֲħħ֮У۵˲Զ
ͬʹЩ࣬Ҳǳ΢˭Ҳκβ˭˽֡
㣬𶯣һֱ̤ӳڽ޳Ķ棬Į˵
߻ħģ޳һ˶һ񽣣նգأɱߡ
䣡߾һֱָֻ֣ӼסƥĽâֲ˷ϯȥ̤һա
㡭޳𾪣Ȼ֪ԼߵĶ֣Բӡ
ǰ׳գָͻĹƣѾ̤˰񾳽硣
̫衡۲ͬûѾ̤˰񾳽硣
ý޳ǳ𾪣ɫҲ漴
Զ̫衺۶𾪲ѣҶа֮Ҳüͷһ壬һ˿֮ɫ
ֻƺϣһЦ˵СһｻˣҪɱϾʵ衢ǽãһСɡ
˵գͬչ¶ϢҶɱȥ
Ҷһ֪ΪʲôֵˣԭѾ̤񾳽ˡ
ܹ̤񾳽磬Ҷýֺ룬Ҳܹ֪˭
ħӲ˵㻹мõļֵҶЦ
ͷӲҾʦ˼Żߣһ̫衣һɱҶ졣
ͬʱ񼶱ǿߣҶܵвʷΣ
˵Զһڻ
а֮ӱ۲ס޷Ԯ޳ԱУ˵Ҷˡ
ƺһ֮֡
Ҷɫȴǳ侲˼ŶԲߡ
ѵҪ𣿵Ҳʱ䡣Ҷ˼תȴԼƺѾ·ˡ
񼶱ǿߣпռ֮Ҳߡ
Ҷ죬ˣ˭ҲȲ㣬̫һ̤նɫƣЯſֲݺݵغҶ졣
Ҷǿ˫ȭֵһֱ۶ͬʱˣס̫衵ǿ
ٺ٣ܹɱһλ޵еľ콾ָо϶ǳˬЦţһ˳ǹֱӽҶؿڶҶ嶼˶ľ޴ʯϣɫѪ˳ʯ¡
ˣɣԶ˵
ôУݴ½ʷǿţӵʥ壬ɹǿ֮·ʷǰ̫Цţг˼ʣɱ
˵ĲּţӦúúöԴҲҪȫʵ·ɭЦ
ǿߣһʯû϶֣ȴɢǿϢȻѹҶ죬ҶܵӽĿ־塣
ȻҶȴмؿǣ߶Դֱָֻۣؿڵĳǹ˳
ɱңΪܹõҶһҪȼվѪǿս
ţȴԼҲһѷ죬¶
䣡
Ҷɫһ䣬˶ըɫѪҺ񷡣
ҪȼվѪٺ٣ϧûǸᣡЦƺһУָơһУǸ˳ǹͱ˻
ħ棬һϵˡ̫衿еĳǹһ˿ɵ;裬Ц
߰ɣһ·ɭȻЦʯȥ
ʱҶѾ壬ɫǳѿ
ղܵش
µǣѾ޷ȼվѪˣΪֻҪһȼվѪͻԶƺڣһɿµֹȼվѪ
Ǹ˳ǹҶղҲĻʱ֪ħڵǸ˳ǹħ
뵽ҶһƬ֪Լһˡ
Ҷ죬㻹ʲôԣ
ǿԿǴļˡ
̫衺һµΧƵҶµĴضò
ҵԾǲúҶߵ
˵𣿡̫һЦǾ͸ȥɡ̫֮ƣ
䣡Ҳͬʱ֣еĳǹٴγҶɱ
ȻȫȫˣҪɱҶ졣
Ҷ˿̣ȷܵ˾޴в·һֻѾ̤˹Źˡ
һ̣ҶоµĴͻȻķĹ䡱һը
һΰӰӷĹ֮һȭȫ£ȼųҵĻ档
ȭ˴һ޾棬ϯأƬѪɫ綼ڲ
¡¡
̫衺涼һȭɳȥ
ʲôʱҲʼɱˣţһİɣȫȵ֮УǿϢ캳أ˭Ҳݡ
Ҷȴܵ˵ϣһɹɺ嫵ɱ¾Ƭڳɢ޾
񣡡
Ҷ𾪡


999 ħ
ΰӰͷų޾棬ҵĹâѪɫ磬ռ飬ըѣһƬ
ǿ
˫һ˫ӣȵĻ棬â˺գء
ޱȣȻţ
ⲻܣѾ˼ˣ̫衴һȫ¶ųҵĽ⣬һƺ񷣬ſѹȥ
һЦССͣȻӵ壬츳ȴ˼ػ壬ɱ⼸Ѿ䵽ȵزţ϶ǳġ
ǰҲֻǼ󱲶ѣ㲻õĵģȻݴ½ǿġҶһʥ屬£ɫӶӶ˻ȭɱ档
˻ȭǿ֮·۾һ֮ɫ
ҹǲǿ񣬶ȥɣ̫Цɱɫ˫Ʒգһƥ·ĩս١
̧ͷȫ汩ǣ˶θ˼ʮɣ·һˡ
ȭ
һ𣬿˫ȭգƲ񷡣
ǿµƺǻأֱӺ̫衵˫ƣݺݵغĽɫս档
ô᣿̫ɫһ䣬Ѫɳȥ֮ɫ
䣡
ԶһǹҶ죬ɳȥ漴̫衴ȵú£Ѿˣûڲϵɢ˵Ѿ飬ֹȥ˼ʱ䣬ʵ½̫ˡԽսɢıԽɡ
΢΢棬ͷеʶʵȻҲ֪񣬿ıҲһλ񡣡
ԭˣѾʱˣ㻹ǹԹԻķĹţ˵ٰһʱ䡣̫衶ʱЦѣٶɱȻʵ񣬵ǳǿ󣬾ɱοʵ½̫ˡ
ԶҶɫǳأû뵽Ȼ״̬ѹִӿϲϵɢ޾ɱ¾
ҶǳһУ飬޿ɾҩˣǴ˵ףʱ䷨ܾ
ңʱ̫Զˣôȥŵ̫ˡ
ҪǷ̫ʱʱո飬˵ˣǼˣҲɱġ
ʱ䰡
Ҷи̾ǿʱǰҲš
䣡
һǿͻȻֱ񷣬ڲԶϯѪɫ硣
Ҷ𾪵ػͷȴ־һЦɭȻЦҶ죬˵񣬽˻ʸҲȲ㡣
ȻҲ̤˰񾳽磿ܡˣߡһħ湴ˣֻǽ񾳽硣ҶͻȻ漴ŭ
µĲϧȻҪЦ
ôҺħ湴᣿һΪŹǣҪ̫ˣħһݴ½ĩաҶŭ
ǾͲԵĵˣ㻹ϸ뿴ʲôҪЦ
ȭ
Զüͷһ壬һȭ̫衣ҶץУѸٺˡ
񣬿ȷڲ½ٶȷǳ졣̫衲ǵѪЦΪָղһȭ½˺ܶࡣ
û뵽ǽ첻ֹɱһλ޵еľ콾ܹ߱񣬼ֱʷǰЦ
Ҷ죬ˣ칬עҽơЦ
ֱǿҲܵһ˿ѹϾʵ½̫ˡȥһľɡ
񵹲ԼѾˣֻǲ뿴Ҷ䣬˵ʧ̫ˡ
ףǰ벽սꡭԣһλıԴԭˣֻ鿴һҶžͻȻЦ
Ҷ״ɵɻ
ѣЦ
ٷϻɱǣ̫衴ȵ
һ֣µͬһƬѹʹƬضڿ񱩲ֹ
̫Ҳͬʱ֡
ֲ֣죬µû˿Ҷˡ
ȣ
߾ȫֵóֻʱסʵڲ½
ǰе˻ҵܼܲסں񣿡Ҷż˵ʱҲܲôˡ
û뵽ˣȻûںϣ˵㲻ϣ·ҲԣţѾԼ·һ̾漴Цõģǻлᡣ
ʲô᣿ҶȻʵ
еǹԴλǿԸģѡıԴ㣬ϣ̤ʱȫ㡣˵
Ҷʱһ㶣漴뵽˾칬һλû뵽˼ҾȻıԴԼˡ
ɱԴ㻹ɱ¾ټӦÿ̤Ǹ硣Ц
ʲô磿Ҷ
ħ򣡡һ£ֱһȭԼؿڣץסһѪɫâǾ壬ɢɱ¾Ϣ
ǰ㡭Ҷʱʧɫ
Զ̫衡ɫһ䣬ûĸоһɲõԤС
ֹ
ɱ
˴ȫɱ
һ߷ˣһץסѪɫâǾ壬һƾͽҶؿ֮С

һ˲䣬Ҷ췢һĲҽУǵ޷ݲеļ
ڴʱڵ꣬·ܵʲôͻȻɫĹâ
ҶڣԿõǿѪɫâǾ壬ֱӻΪƬһһա
һ̣ҶԽԽң·һҫ۵Ľɫ̫ɢɫâ
ʹҶ壬貵ĹâһɿµϢѪɫϯȥ
̫˼״ʱɫһ䡣
ãɹˣҡҿԷȥˡ˻ʡűɫâסҶ죬¶һ˿ѵЦݣ˵˵ϡ
¡¡
һ
Ǿ޴壬ʧȥڻΪ޾ٵʧѪɫ硣
ֱֹҶ죬ȫ֡
̫衺ҲһֲõԤУ˲ʵȫ֡
ԶۣҲӲس忪а֮ӣҶɱӴϽ֣߶Żص̤硣
ǡ߿Ҷķһ֮ɫ
¡¡
ɲǼ䣬ĹҶ춼ûˡ
Ȼ
䣡
޾ҵĹâ֮УһɫӰһ̤ѪɫϿգɢһ޵е
Ҷ죬ȱͬһ㣬ɢһɿֲƣȰҪǿ౶
ÿµ·磬һж֮У⡭ħ𣿡
Ҷޱȳң˫ƣһգܵĿռ䶼ˣѪɫ綼ڲ˽µĴضѿˣ޴ѷ쳯˷ӳȥ
̫衡ۡˣȫɫ䡣


1000 ֮ս
߿УҶϵĽɫâʼֻ۾ͬһ㣬ҵ⣬ǻƲ񷣬ҫۡ
ৣ
Զһھ콾ˣҶ֮УǸܵ˾޴ѹǰδеĿ־̲ס
ҶֻվȻûжϵĹâʼǹǿȴ˵궼ս
һ̣Ҷ·ͬ߸ϣ顣
̫衵һھ콾о˾޴ѹ·Լһֻһһ
ôܣ𣿾ǰҲܵסһ
ۡвǿǾ콾Ǵ˿̣ȴ̲ס·һ𲻿սʤĵˣ
Ҷ֮ͬһ֮ɨܣն˵֮Уǵ궼ڲꡢս궼ڷ
һھ콾ȻؿҶ졣
ǸҶ˵Ȼᣬȴֱ͸飬·һѰУֱɱ̫衵˵֮С
ͣ
һ̣̫衵ɫ䣬һȫɳȥѪ硣
Զа֮ӡߡ޳ˣȫȻޱ𾪡
ⲻܣ̫衴֮ɫ
һȻ֮ɫ˵֪ˣħʵ֮УҲ֮һս
ԣɫ䣬ȫһ
ħǴ˵еҶ챾ʵͷǳֲ֮£ֱˡ
ȷħ򣡡а֮ӵ˵ͷĽ֮ɫ
ɫһ֪Щʲô
㲻㰡ǻõù޳Ц
ۡ˵ɫǳأ˭뵽ʱҶ쾹Ȼֿµľ֮С
ʱҶ죬ȷӵս֮Уһǿǰ񣬶ᱻش
ҲţΣǿķʥǰôܸܰ㡭ɱ̫衲ŭ𣬽ɫսףҵԣ˵ࡣ
ͬһɫգҶ죬ҵĹâѪɫ硣
䣡
ҶɫĮֻһֻ֣ʹ̫衵˫ƣסĲӣ漴Ӷ˶ˡ
һ˲䣬̫ɫǺ죬ŵؿԼǰҶ졣
һھ콾׷׺Ȼ̫ˣ̫ǿˣྐྵȻ֮
ߣҶһȭ£ֱ̫衵Դ档
¡¡
̫ĽɫսԶҶĲٹʣȻ̫ҵıףӶðȥʮݶˣȥǳҡ
Ȼ⻹ûꡣ
Ҷȭȥȭֱ֮Ӱ̫衵ԴˣѪųϡﻩȾ񷡣
䣡
̫ʱѵĽͷ屬ҵĹâҪѳҶơ
Ҷ׼һֱӶ̫衵ͷȥǿֱӰ̫衺뵽˵ص֮УضײĹѿ˵
Զһھ콾ˣǿһ񰡣ҶǰֱСûʲôȭžͱҡ
ܣһױסˣҲûʲôſ֮Ĺȥ
ҲˣúǰڵҶ죬֮һսǼԿġ
ܣܵ𣿡ҶЦ糯˷ӳȥѪɫ綼סˡ
ۡ˶ʱɫ䣬ǷԼٶȼˡ
һλǼ򲻹ܹߡ
ҶЩͬ磬ǱС绹Ҫ߼硣֮У񶼲˲ƣοǼеٶȶ˺ܶࡣ
οҶ컹ӵпռ֮ؼʱ̣Ҳܽ
ԣ⼸ҪҶǰߣǼֱǳ롣
֮УΪףӲģҶ컰һ䣬ѾھǰӶ˻ȭ¡
ۣ
ͫ˴ҪֵȴֱӴˣըѪɡ
Զۺ濴ֱ
̫ӵ壬ټս׷ֵܵסҶĹ
⼸񣬸סҶһȭ֮˲ͻᱻ򱬣ʵ̫ˡ
ͷߣ۷ͷߡ
壬ҲҪߣϧҶ춢סӲߣһα塣
һߣߺ̫Ҳˡ
а֮Ӻͽ޳һԿҶչ
ͽҾҪ칬ŻҶһ̤ھؿڣµһȭԴ
ᣬɱҶģΪʲôҶƫƫסѵǷ
ɱҶˡ
ϧҲûкڵĻˣҶȫ֣һδδ򱬾ʹıԴٺľ
Ҷһȭ˾ս꣬λ콾Ϊʷ
ǳӴھʱۡҲ׷ײˣʹ˵ɫһг˳ظС
һ̵Ҷ죬ʵ̫ǿˣֱ޵С
棡
Ҷ˲ǰһȭɱ
ŭסеĳǹҪֵȴ˺ǹһҶˡǹǿֱӺ䱬شսꡣ
ҲġһҪΪ񣡡
һħӣҲɱ㣬ҲħСҶЦ
ħĵӣ˵ĺܶԣǱһӡ۾ͻȻڣ˵ҲˣһɿֲħϯԿҶ졣
Ҷһ漴Цħ棡
ͽּˣЦȫħµϢϯء
Ȼ壬Ѿħסˡ
ˣħħĹע֮£ɢϢѾԽ˰񣬱֮Ҷ춼ضá
ħ棬˵ҽ֮ʱҪɱңѾ㻹ܹɱ𣿡Ҷȵȫ䣬ħ棬˿Ȼ޵еš
棬ʱӦóΪħˡ
ħҶ죬ЦͽĳӲˣǺãǷܹʤ
ħ桭
˻ȭ
ҶӶɫ˫ȭֲѪɫ綼ڲ˷Ŀռ䱻ˣһƬ
񼶱ʵֲ̫ˣ֮Ĺڱ޷
ߣа֮Ӵһȥ
޳æȥ
սǾ޷̫ᱻɱ
ϾһѾֲˣƴ͸ӿֲˣǰԵֵġ
ڰħȭħҲӶ˫ȭҶӭ
ˣֻȭͷвײ춯صΰʹѪɫԽԽ
䣡
ڣѪɫ綼ˣ񼶱Ϣ磬ֱ񷣬캳أ֮·


1001 
찡ʲôÿֲϢ
Ҫ𣿡
оڵ궼ڲ궼ս

֮·ϣ߾ֵؿŵǵķ򣬴ɢɿֲƣǵصϯء
շ·飬𶯲綼ҡΡ
޵еƣϯ֮·һڼ˷ӳȥƺҪǿա
ʥǷʥǰ֮£ܵ岻ķ
ǷʱĿ־к;η֮ġ
񣬴ĳַ˵Ѿȥ壬Ϊˣƥһͬ١
ֻӣ
ҶϢû뵽Ȼˣⲻܰɣǣһλػ𾪵˵
ʱ˶Ѿ˳ǽϣнս޵Ӱ
˵ƻֲ̫ˣÿһȭ·鿪ˣһ޴ѷ죬ǵս֮أ֮·ӳȥ
ǽ񾳽磬̤ħ򣬴Ӷӵ˿񾳽ʵǵĳǰܿͿҶʱ״𾪵˵
λػԣ֮ɫ
ħǿǴ˵еľ磬ǻǵһۼȻֲ
ãҪٵˣϿ쳷ǡͻȻȵ
ΪԶУҶħսΧԽԽٶȣԽļޡ
Ŀռ䣬ԽԽ󣬱ѵĴأҲԽԽƺ֮·ڿʼˡ
ްǱڿ֮Ĺ⣬׼ãɱҶ졣
˭Ҳû뵽ȴǴ񼶱Ϣ˵ͱҶħսನشˡ
ţҶǷ񣬹ħ棬׷
ĸֻް񣬴ˣӳȥˡ
ʣµһޣΪʵ̫ͣסλսನͱһ롣
ǵһ˿־ϲⳡ֮ˣھͿҶǷܹİˡ
ǵĳʼһ˳룬뿪ƬĴء
뿪úǳضˣˣһƬ֮С
Ҷͷֵǵ˳ˣʱһ׷ſֽˣȫ£ҵĽɫâ˫ȭӶ񷣬ء
ͽʵû뵽˻ʵ˻ȭѧˣϧֶֽܹأ
ħɭЦڵħȭһɹƥħÿһκȥǰһƬڰ֮С
ΪϹʱĵһħħ֮棬ʵǳ£Ȼֻǽһ߰壬ȴѾÿһǾ춯أԺɱһʥ
ߣҲֶܼã״ֶ̬ܹأҶЦȾ磬ȻҲܹħʵ
ǰϾģֻа񾳽磬ֻΪħɲȽǿȼ֮£ű
״̬ܹʱ䣬»ħҶû˿ġ
Ǻǣʱ䲻࣬㹻ɱˡħĿģɱ⣬ϯ˫ӡһɺƴĺڰ罵ٶ£ҪҶ˶ֽȥ
Ϊ𣿡ҶЦӭϣײһ𣬱µ˷ӳȥ
ʱƬسױˣµ˺·Ƭ֮·ĩˣ׻ˡ
¡¡
֮·һ
ã֮·ҪǴݻˣϽ뿪ڶǣһλִߴ
ǵĳոմһȺ˳뵽ڶǣҪˡ
һΣ׼뵽ݴ½ˣƬ֮·ײܴˣѾΪλǿߵսˡ
ֻأҶֻɫƣµӡһɹɿֲϢڲϷڶ
ħ棬ɫ΢΢һȵû뵽ֻĹ칦ѧˣϧֻеһʽ˻ȭأ
˵գħһɫħ⣬أ·ҪһС
ħ£
ħ˶ΪһźڰԨһУҪأǿգɽȥ
ߣҶ˿壬߶ֻغɱһ̣Ʋ񷣬ɫ壬ųԣɢһɽӵĸ֮
ԶԶȥͷ·һɫգһ޴ĺڶײһ𣬱ǰδеĿֲ
һ֮󣬺·Ҳݻˣ֮·ֻʣǰˡ
Ҷħսڼ
˻ȭҶԽսԽ£Ӷɫ˫ȭͳħɱȥȫ¶ֲĽɫѪʥħ״̬֮£ǰδеĿֲ
ҶоԼʱһȭܺɱһǿپ˻ȭҪ涼ˡ
ڰħȭħЦɫħȭ񷣬ޱߵħûأΧһƬǿնڲ
ɱҶս˼£ÿһȭԺһǳƥ
ħͬɽӣħÿһ·磬Ҷòʤ
¡¡һ죬֮·ױ˸ݻˣʥżһµ󷨹âգҶħ涼ЩǱ
Ҫ֪ЩʥżãǷʥżҶħҲ
Щżͷǳֲˣзżػ󷨷ǳɱ¾֮⣬ܹɻ˺
Ҷħ˶ܵЩâĹȴǳǿһ߼սһ߶ЩֲĹâ
Ƭǿճ׻ˣǿµ󷨹âż˷ʹΪһƬء
ҶħҲ֪˶ٸغϣ˫ʵ࣬˭Ҳκβ˭
ҶԸܵħ״̬ЩȣȻʵûз仯ѾħɫЩˣǲйġ
״̬ѾˣҶЦɫ˫ȭӶĸˡ
ߣ̫ˣ޷ܱȱڡħߵ
ڣȸȥɡռ֮ҶȻѾÿռ֮ʱɫĹħ˽סˡ
ռ䷨㡭ħͫг𾪣漴ϲ
䣡
ʱҶһȭݺݺ£׻ħ塣ʱħ״̬ѾȶˣڳҶһ˻ȭ󣬾Ҳ޷ˣױը
УȻƵħЦԭõĿռ䱾Դͽðóȫ͵űɣ
Ҫ±ӰɣҶһ״ݻˡ
ⳡ֮սĻ
ǰĿǿգԼ鲻֮·Ҷһ̾˫˺ѿռ䣬ݴ½˲ƶȥ


1002 ޵
ݴ½
֮·ݴ½һξ룬һƬ򣬵ҲǺԶʥܿԽ
ԣҶħ汬֮սʱ򣬼ݴ½ϵˣҲܵɾ޵еϢ
֮֮·٣µ籩˷ǿϯȥƬڲ
ÿµ籩ݴ½ֲֶıˣҪôǿս
ҷ·ܵ궼ȥϢ
ƺ֮·Ǹġ

ݴ½һЩʥ֮ɫ
ԴӴʱٵϢ֮ݴ½ϵһλλϵķʥҲƹأس֮ѡ
ΪǷǳһΪĻᣬУǼӲдҲֻǶһʱѡ
ΪʥǵҲһһ콾ľ䣿
ԣڳߵݴ½ʥȫˡ
Щһʥ˵಻࣬˵Ҳ١
ݴ½ϵ߶ѾϰˣΪʱڣÿһʥѣ˾Ĳ
ǿûߵϢҲֻЩͼΪʥˡ
ЩѵķʥȴǷǳףɾ޵еϢԲǷʥ¶ġ
ҲûֲϢ
ѵǡ

һݴ½ķʥʱвѵݴ½ĵһλѾ𣿶һһԳ
Ͼ޵Ϣķ֮·ķ
ڵݴ½л񾳽ˣµʮ콾ǲŻôΪ
ۡа֮ӵȾ콾ǿɻʱһڸոѲõķʥʹõ׼ȷϢʱˡ
ңŵһǡڶǡǵߣȫ̷ݴ½ʱҶħսϢѾݴ½
һʱ䣬Ȼ𶯡
Ҷħսȼ񣬺ɨһھ콾նɱ뱻ħƵǹħһսǿա
һһĵϢݴ½˷ڣǴǰҶ콻õˣҶΪеˣоݴ½Ҫ仯ˡ
ʱˣҶԻʱٵı־
ĳһλϵķʥ̾
֮սڼǿĿԽԽǿңôԶľ룬ݴ½ϵߣеڲ
һλλʥȫĬĬעƽǿգǺ֪˭᰾
Ϊʤˣıݴ½ĸ֣Ϊʱٵķ꣬ɲһڴʥòضԴ
޴ڡѧԺҶ˵ȣҶǣʵһǼ˷ܣǵ
ΪǷǳҶʤǽҶ죬Ϊݴ½ҫ۵Ĵڡ
Ҷ䣬ôǵ³֪
һʥҲڹʱɲվӣ˭֪˭Żʤ
ŵʱ䲢ûгãСȥ֮ǿ֮оͻָƽңԶ֮·ֻʣһֱ޵Ϣ
ֳʤˣʥǷ׷ײ²⡣
֪˭һߣҲѡ
ϢǡҶ죡һЩ콾ȴϳϢʱɫһ䡣
ҶϢϲսľ콾ϲЩִߺػߣҲϳˡ
ֽס𣬺ܿ죬ҶʤϢ㴫ݴ½
ʱһƬڡ
䣡
֮һΰӰ˺ѿռ䣬ݴ½Ͽա
Ҷ졣
Ҷ츩ݴ½ڵӱ貵Ľ⣬޵еϢϯݴ½
һ̣ݴ½˶оǸ߸ϣͬһĿֲϢ
һ̣ҶܵԼѾΪݴ½ף£޵С
˭һս
Ҷɨݴ½ȴʣ޵ţ˿̴ﵽ۷塣
ʵϣ̤ħˣᵮ޵еţĻҲ̤־硣
ҶĿɨ򱱺ʮ˹ʱ֮УеһУɼӲ
뵽ԼҶҴ߳һ·ƴɱߵһ
ݴ½޵У
ҪʲôҶѲݴ½ʱ˵жڲ²⣬˵»ᴥŭе顣
һ̣˵ЩͨߣЩһ޵еķʥǼλ콾˳Ĭ
ΪǷǳħ֮еҶ죬Ѿ޵У룬һ˾ݴ½
һֲֿƣѹ˶סĬĬգ޵еӰ
̫
ҶѲһ֮ٶ˺ѿռ䣬̫
Ҷӣ֪ˣΪ£̫λϵķʥڰעҶж֪̫ʱŲѣ׷׳ӭӡ
ڵ̫ϣĳϣһ̫һ̫̫ˣȴֻܻȺ֮УûʸҶ˵ˡ
ʥټ̫콾һ
̫ʵǰ£վ۷壬;칬⹬Ҫݱܷâ
ʱɿֲǰʱȴ˽ź
̫أҶ쵭ʵᣬȴЯһ֮ϣһɲת޵дƣöһȺ̫ǿ߶Ϣ
̫Ϊ׵һλʥæ˵Ҷӣ̫衺ĶԹǱʾǸ⣬ϣܹڵϣһΪڵĵϵ
˵գ̫ʥһڳϣ׷׶Ҷ칪
Ҷ쵭עǣʵ̫ĵϵ
ģ츳Ҳôǿڵʱ̫ԶѪЩϡˣ˵ӵʥ塣̫Ϊ׵ķʥæ˵
ã̫ķϣһΡһΣûˡҶ˵
лҶӣһ̫ǿæлҲͬʱһ
ڴȥǵĴ֮أҪѧϰ̫֮ƣҶ漴˵˲ɡ
̫һǿҷԣҶ̫Ĺϵ̫֮Ҳʲô⡣
Ҷ̫ѧ̫֮ƣ˻ȭֻ֮󣬵õ˵Ź칦
̫һǿߺµĿУҶ쳯ŲԶ˲ƶȥ
Ǿ칬⹬ڡ
һھ칬ǿȻҲܵҶĵΪħ֮УҶһ񼶱Ϣû취Σߵ˹עĽ㡣
پ칬⹬ʱѾٴС
ҶҶӣ
λ칬ķʥҶ쵽òӲͷƤȥӭӡ
ǲ֪Ҷ죬Ϊ֪ҶǴŭϾ㲻飬칬⹬Ҳв˱˾칬ǲʵ
ǰû⣬ڣҶˡ
λ޵콾һھ칬⹬ˣˡ


1003 ս
칬⹬Ҷٴ˵أ֮£һ⹬ǿսս
һޡսħĵأҶ쵭˵˲ɷ񶨵ϣһ⹬ǿ߸ܵ˾޴ѹ
ʥɫ䣬ΪĵǹʾѾ칬ˣҶʱĿĲԶ
һ˲䣬Ƕ˳Ĭ
ǳĬ˳ĬҶĻ֮Χ˶鲻Խسĵȥ
ⶼʶı֡
ʶı֣ȴҶ˲Ⱥеʱ˫һҵɨӶȥ
ҶҲֶ֮ǰһȺˣˡ
ĵܵҶֶǹɾ޴ѹɵ÷׷ȻΪ֪Լˡ
ҪѾ칬Ҷ컺飬ųصѹȸС
λ칬⹬ķʥҪ˵ʲôȴûпڣֻһ̾
ĵҲǷˣȫһɫʥ۷ǿߣǴ˿֪ˣ˵ٶ඼ûá
һֳҶɱ
ɶ˻ɣѾûѡܲվűҶɱɣ
ߣ
ųԼҶ¶м֮ɫ֮˲
ҶʵʥУǵٶȣǽʥ۷ȴ㹻ˡ
̫֮ƣ
Ҷ漴ͺȡ
ոմ̫ѧ̫֮ƣһչֳ˿ֲҶʥ壬һҲ˻ȭ١
ֱӱɱһѪⶼûʣ¡
һھ칬⹬ǿ߿һĻɵûܵ궼
ĵӣһţҶǣǡ
ɿǣҶûǣǿʥ
̫ͺѡǿߣ̳ĵҲԺʲôѾ칬Ͳֻôˡ
Ҷ˵
ǿ֮£ʥûһӲæͷ
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΢΢һҶ˺ѿռ䣬˲뿪֮ϡ
һھ칬⹬ǿߣʱ˿
ʱҶѾһط졣
̫ųǿ֮һ칬⹬̫ʵȷͬ졣
ӵһԶ磬ʹݴ½ǿ֮Уͬһɽ磬ݴ½֮⡣
ҶʱλʥѾԴ⻹ʥǿߡ
Ȼ֪Ҷ첻ŹǣѾ׼ս
ʱݴ½дķʥҲĿͶ
Ҷ̤ն֮䣬Ѿ֮ǰӣҵ⣬ɨһǿߡ
Ҷ죬бȼսҲûһս֮ҾͲħ״̬ܹã
ۿҶ쵽ȵ
ıӴϽɢſֲϢΧĿռ䶼鿪ǿղ
λķʥû˵ֻǳĬվҶЩȣû뵽ĵλ֮ߡ
Ҳԣ۲һˣǰݺµλʥ֮У˵
Ҷ˵ûκιϵΪʱˣΪɨƽ
ҾĿԴˣ
ҶЦһ䣬̫ͬ𱬷ܽɫ棬ϯ磬ҵ⣬档
ĹâеЩǳѹðȥ
һ̣˶ܵǹɳϾĿϢ
ϢϢ޵еϢ
һǿߣ׷ɫ䣬ֻ񼶱ǿߵʱǲŸоԼСʵ̫ˡ
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Ҷͬ߸ϵ飬ÿһ̤ʹսðעһڷʥ
񼶱ǿߣֻϢ©ǿ󣬵ȵ֣Ծ
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۴Ϊ֪ȴȥֻҶԽԽߣʱǱԽˡ
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ͷ·һ鸴һ㣬һӱ˽ӽϢǿգҶշѹ
ȷһˣ
ҶһЦв֪ʱһϽǹųޱȳҵԣµķâգǿ
ɫΪϳǹǵҶߵǼ
֮ǰӡҶ޷ãڣѾҶ⣬±
񼶱ս
Ҷ˿޵С
ɱ
ۺλķʥΪ˿Ѿû·ֻǰһս
ʤ
ݴ½һһʥڰעһս
ǹǿգշѹصϽ֣Ҷһ˾ֳֳǹɱȥµһӹᴩ񷣬ǿա
䣡
ͬشײ죬ǿա
ҶеϽǹҵĽ⣬ϽֺݺݵײһⱾ޵ıԶʱսȴĿɳˡ
飬ŭ
Ͻǹ𶯣ҪҶ죬ǴҶֱϹעֲ̫ˣá
¡¡
һƬǿնݻˣ涼·ڲ
ҶһǹϽ֣˺ֱײɱ˹ȥһ̫֮ƣһ˻ȭزǿҡΡ
ۺλķʥУѪɳȥѣըǿ֮С
ݴ½еķʥһ亹Ȼ֮ɫ
ʵλʥִ߶һҲһĶ֣һ塣
Ѹ壬ȼվѪ޵壬һ˴߶Ͻ֣Ҷɱ
һ̣˰ϢټϽ֮ǿѾƽ
ƴ
λķʥһۣ˴˵Ŀп˱ȻȫȼվѪϢɱҶ졣
һǿ߾бʱ£ưݴ½λǿ֮һ
ǿߣȴ˱ƵȼվѪĵز
һս۽ΣǿҲˣǿʢһ죬ҲԴĻܻΪʷ
һжΪһˡҶ졣
ݴ½һʥĬˣһ޵еǿߣǶܵһΡ
Ҫ֪ǶǷʥʱһһ۷ǿߣưһϺ󣬳Ϊʥ£޵С
ڣôʥȴһ˵Ĺâѹסˡ
ݴ½ֻһ޵УǾҶ졣


1004 
죬սǿղ嫺ӿ
Ҷǿ֮УСɢĹâȴ֮⣬档һ̤Ⱪǣ·ǿն̤˽¡
ռ飬زսһ˭ƣһΨţ·ǰλʥֻһ㡣
Ҫ֪˴ʱѾȼ˾Ѫսǵ˰񾳽磬ټһԿԺɨݴ½
ҶȴȻǿưԵȭߣûǵ¡
עݴ½һڷʥȫˡ
ǰ֪ǿ󣬵û뵽ǿֵزֱ޷⣬ҲС
ǰдԣǿķʥ߰񣬿ֻǿŽ˲ѡ
ңǸʱݴ½ֹһλ񣬱˴˶ǳɵʱҲһֱ׷ɱһλʥ߰
ΪĴԣڵİͷʥʵҲôǿ޷ɱǡ
ǵҶչֳ񼶱Ŀֲ֮һݴ½ķʥǣŶʱףԱϾֻǴԣĻҪ¡
Ҷʱһ˻ȭӳǿն·𱻴ˣӴϽ֣ǿ
ϽȻû£ǹǿȴ͸Ͻ֣ۺλķʥ
ֱѪ϶ѷ죬Ҫһ㡣
ҲҪУܹӳҶЦеϽǹƿռ䣬ᴩ񷣬ݺݵײϽ档
Ӵľ֣ʱܵһػɳȥ
ûֻλʥڴ߶Էӳ
ҶȴȫȫӳϽǹһǹ֮£Ż˿ֲ
۾ŭ𣬽Ͻֽλķʥ߶Լȫ޵壬Ҷɱ
ǳǿ״̬֮£壬ȼվѪҲ˰
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һ޵콾עҪʱһʱ
ϧҶ졣
Ҷͬһо콾ıҲʱı
һҶעΪԻͣ۷壬£޵С
֣۴𣬴˿ǿսĹ칦
˶һ޴ĥ֣գշѹǳƬضս
սݴ½ʥ׷׾̾ڲԶʱһλ𣬾ȻܹǿĹ칦
Ȼ
̫֮ƣ
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ݴ½ķʥסһλ̫ǿߴĹ칦һλԶ𴴳Ĺ칦
˭ǿ
ʵҲ֪ΪҶʱսȼ񣬿Խ̫֮ƵӳȫȴС
ֻǽɫӡݺݵغ˻֮ϣӴľֶʱ¶һ˿˿ѷ졣
ɫһ䣬ʣӽɫӡ洫ֲ̫ˣ
䣡
ڱһ飬Ҳķɳȥ޵壬˿Ҳ¶һĿĵѺۡ
ȻҶĹѾܳܵļˡ
йսһڷʥ𾪣̫ǿˣ״̬µۣҲҶгŹУ˫ȫһ֮ϡ
̫ЩΣͬѧ̫֮ƣŹ칦ҶУȴӳֲ治֪øˣǸ
ڵҲӵʥ壬ԲŴŹ칦ҶҲӵʥ壬бȼսȻԷӳŹ칦һλ̫ķʥ̾
ߣҲǿħһ˳״̬ҵĶ֡Աߴһߣ̫衡
̫˫͸Ž⣬ңңսʺͷŭ
Ϊħֻսô֮ǰֻʥ磬״̬֮£ﵽһֿµĵزºܹܿʥ硣츳һﵽʥ磬սȰ񡣡һλ̫ķʥ˵
̫Բĵ˵սҲȰ޵УδҵĶ֡
ˣһս֮Ҳ䵽УΪ칬û𣿡λ̫ķʥЦ
С衰ͱǿˣܹħ츳˿£»ǵһΪˣ棬չؿޣȡ̤񾳽硣
ǰܹԤеһս֮󣬿Ҫ˶ãݴ½ͻᵮˣҲҶ죬Ҳλ콾㻹»ᱻЩ콾˦󡣡

λ̫ʥĻõ̫衳Ĭˡ
ܹΪ콾ǰ׳գֻΪ̫Ҷˣʱλ̫ʥĻʱѡ
ǰҶһֱڽԼȴ
ȵľ콾񾳽磬񾳽磬ôᱻ̭콾֮С
ʱ˵Ҷˣа֮ӡϷǣԶԶԽ
ãͱչأ񾳽磬̫衳˵Ѿ¶ˣֻҪȵ񾳽磬ټʵ
ܺã̫Ϊ˱ס̫ĴУԷһһξͽˣϣ㲻Ҫȵһλ̫ķʥ˵
̫үү㡭̫һǿ̫Ϊ˷ֹ̫Ժûı˭ܶȴ
һݴ½עԻͣµһλδݴ½û̫Ҫû䡣λ̫ķʥ̾
̫һصص˵ͷ̫үүҲʧġ
˵գ̫תһɫĹŽرա
츳ͺǿǰֻ̫԰ˣҶĽѵȴ׾ѣԺɾͲһλ̫ķʥЦ˵
ܹҲˣֻҪΪȾ䣬̫Ȼݴ½۷塣һλ̫ʥͷ

죬Ҷ۵˵սѾеβ
ۺλʥȫѪȾǿգ岻֪Ҷݻ˶ٴΣԴľѪҲ챻ȼˡ
Ѿ;ĩ·۷ʵӲҶĶˡ
Ҷ죬ɫѪȻֱ죬޵еϢûǿգûһ˿һ½
һ޵һǿ߳׾ˡ
۸ͲʵŭǿħҵĶ֡
ҵĶ֣ҶЦ
ʣǾ콾޵ȴһǿƵעĻ
ܶ󣬵ݴ½ֻ뵽Ҷǿ󣬶ֻҶһ̤ʯѡ
𣬱Ϣֱ񷣬ľѪȼմЯһִҶ졣
ҶӶ˻ȭӭȥɫ壬һ֮⣬ǳڱˡ


1005 Իʱ
һսĻۺλķʥȫսˣǿ֮УֻʣһӰ
ǾǡҶ죡
ݴ½ķʥȫĬˣûСֻۣǸеһΪǿ˵ۣҶȭ¡
ݴ½˭ܹסҶľâ
ûн񾳽磬ôҪ𣿡һλϵķʥ̾
ϹšԶš̫ʱһλλٶ̤񾳽ʱųݴ½ġ
ڣҶ컹ṳ̂񾳽磬ѾɨȺۣܾ콾Ψˡ
úܶ˲ģҶͬЩ콾ǣȫս죬ǻûз
ΪҶ컹ûн񾳽磬ǻͬһߣֻҪܹͻ񾳽磬һԺɨ˻ģ޵ݴ½
ǣа֮ӡϷ硢޳ս޼һھ콾ǣȫȥչˡ
ʵϣ֮·սôãǵȷҪչһսˡ
ȻǺܶûսܣǾ޷񾳽磬ķһʱˡ
ڣҶ޵ݴ½Ҳûʲô˼ˣóûʱչʵ

ǿУҶնɱۺλķʥֻǴǼϽ֣ûжϾɱ
ߺ󲻾ãͱһڷʥǿϢõһݴ½ķʥ̾ѡ
첻ǿ֮һλʥ˲䣬Ƕǿĵ̣ٴһλʥ
λ½ķʥȻǰǿ֮ٻһ֮Уᱻû
Ҷڴ˲û⣬ҲûҪϾɱԺ
û۵죬ѾΪˣﻹҶ챨ѩޡ
Ա

뿪֮Ҷ컹ȥս˳Ǽͷ񼶱ޣͻȻ֮䣬һĽⶼһ˸ˡ
ħάֵʱҪˣ
Ҷ찵һֻ̾ѡȥսˡ
ҲûжٵģΪݴ½Ѿвٰ񼶱սȥսҲûˡ
ңҶ컹֣ǵĳѾһ̫ǰսˡ
Щ̫ȻôʵҶԴ˷ǳ壬ڵܵôĿѣػݴ½Ȼ岻ݴǡ
ݴ½ȴһΪԱûȫսġ
ĻֻҪ졢̫칬⹬Щȫ֣ͿԲսЩˡ
һ񾳽磡
ҶûмЩյ飬صݴ½֮󣬱ֱȥѧԺ
ѧԺһԺԺڣȫӭӡ
ѧԱǣҲҪĿλѧ޵зɡ
ЩҶ˵ѧԱһѣ˷ܡ
νһ˵õȮ죬˵ıˡ
Ҷ£޵УΪҶ£ȻҲˮǴߣĿ
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ԺðɣҶн٣һ۾Ϳ˰׷ƮƮԺʱܳæʺ
λðȹԺҶзǳм𾴣ңѧԺҲǲ
˵ûѧԺûҶĽա
Ժʱ⣬ԹЦããڱ˭ã
һڸԺҲǳˡ
֪ѧԺһζĶˣҶλʷǿӣѧԺҲˣ˭ǣ
ңҶλﵮѧԺʹݴ½ҪѧԺ
Ҫ˶ãѧԺٴλָǿʢѹѧԺ
Ҷ죬λҪչ𣿡Ժʵ
ҶԵ˵ͷħ״̬֮£ҪչһΡ
ȥڣչذɣԺ˵
Ҷ˵ͷڣȷһõطϾɾռĵطҲһܹռһ
Ҫ֪ħ򾳽֮УҶ첻ֹٶˣ棬Ҳõ˺ܴͻơ
ΪˣűΪħ˼ֻħ̤Ľɾ硣
磡
磡
Ҷͽ̫ɽֵһһá
Ҷ󻹽ӼҶ˵߲㣬ЩڼҶʱǳ˷ܡ
ҶһҶѧԱ˵һЩĻ󣬱ǰڣչˡ
Ȼȥûݴ½ѧԺƽ
ҶΪҶԭѾԺһˣѾչԺ֮ˡ
ܶɢޣӵܣҪҶˡ
Ҷչ֮󣬼Ҷ˵ֱﵽһʷǰĸ߷塣
̫ɽͶƵȼҶ˵ĸ߲һ£ʼڸ۹ˣ޴ʼһչ
Щˣ۹ҵƣ˺ܺõԼĻӵܼУνǷչѸ͡
ңý̫ɽͶû뵽ǣһЩɢʥѯʣǷǼҶˡ
Ҫ֪ʥȻҶУһλʥʲôҶ֮УҲֻжһʥѡ
飬̫ɽͶ˲İã̰Ժ;Ժ
Ժ֪£ЦҶڵʵ˵ʥˣʥˣҲ⣬¡
νվԽߣܿԽԶ
̫ɽͶȻ֪Ҷݴ½޵ˣǿʲô̶ȣǸ
ֻаԺ;ԺҶ˿̵ʵǾݴ½ˣҶҲ޾塣
Ȼˣõ⼸ɢʥ
ȻЩɢʥ֮ǶǳǳϽ̫ɽͶƵĹŬչҶˣʹø˽ٶȸˡ
ң⼸ɢʥͷ֮󣬼Ҷ˵ʥԽԽˡ
̫ɽЩɢʥΪҶ˵Ĵÿһ˶ƹһٸ۹ķˣʹø۹ķ֮䣬ӵĸӽˣ֮޴˿
ҶѸٷչڼ䣬ݴ½ĸҲûţһʥʹ˴˵޽Լˡ
˴˽ˣʥر˴˽ˣҲһЩҶ˽ˡ
ݴ½еڱ˴˽ˣ·׼ʲô
ڱսҲ˺ϢΪǳһ̫ļ룬ʹñսķʥʤնɱһλް
Ҫ˶ãЩǿǾͿԳײսޣݴ½ˡ
ǿߵĻع飬ʹݴ½ǿˡ
һЩϵߣѾܹܵݴ½ڳʢǰ
ĻԻʱˣһλķʥ̾
⼸֮䣬һֱ˵Իʱ١
ڣһϢԻʱ٣Ѿˡ
Ҷһ콾ǵǿݴ½һ꿡ǣҲʼڸ콾չ֮չ¶ӵķâһҲҶǡ
ҶĴ̣Ѿ̤벽ʥ磬һܴ֮ȫ̳Ҷ޵֮ơ
ţ׷׳ʼ񵱳Ҷ̤ݴ½Ĵ̨


1006 Ҷʥʦ
ʮ֮
սƳǣȺƼĿ
һ֮սչ

ʮ˵˵̡̲
һھ콾ǵıչأǵϢԽԽˣٲ˻ڴǳأ󲿷˵Ŀ⣬ѾͶһ꿡ǡ
ⲻսƳǣͻһ۷֮ս
ѾõϢˣȫˣ׼ս
Ϊһսǣ쳹ݴ½۷š
һ˵ҶͬڤƣҶڷħؽҶǿѹҴ侳硣
츳ȻǿޱȣȻ޷Ҷһˣں֮Уȴڶġ
Ѿɾʥ¡
Ķ֣һˡ̡
ΪҶĴӣѧԺӣһѾĿһЩʥ֪
ҲûиʦҶ춪̤ѧԺһֱ޵УܾʥءţѾվһ۷塣
ٶȷǳ죬һ꿡ܵУһʥˡ
˭Ҳ֪Ϊﵽʲô磬޿ɷϣлΪһľ콾
̺Ҷ֮ԾսǻҪ˵ҶͱڤҵĶԹ
걱ڤնɱҶ죬Ҷ𣬰ѱڤɵˡ
񣬱ڤȻ޷Ҷ챨ȴ׼̣ͬ׼ȡϢ
֪һԼʦȻҲŹ
ԼսսƳǡ
˵սƳǣǿǷǳΪսҵܲڣʥ˵ܲڡ
ǳҲսƿأݴ½ĳǳ֮һܸע
Ϊ̺ͱڤƵԼսʹսƳǸΪˡ
ʱʥ٣ȼߣҲвˡ
һݴ½һ۷֮ս
ι˵˭Ӯ
Ȼˣ̳Ҷ޵־Դ̤ѧԺڸʦĵ·һ·޵Уܾš
ʦ޵Уͽ޵һһʦͽһμѻ
ιҲС˱ڤƣǺҶȻհܸҶ죬˭ҲС츳ʵϾ̶˰ٶʱ䡣
ٺ٣ɱ˻˵ӵеǶ֮壬ֻҪԸ⣬Ϊٶ˱ȼ磬ٶʲô

㳡ϣѾսˣ۷׷ס
˴ǿ̣ʤĺҲԽԽߡ
ߣ
ͻȻһ쳹ȫǿʥֶ֮նһ
ս˶ʱһ׷̧ͷȥһЩϱʥҲ¶֮ɫ
ֻԶĸ߿УһӰ٣¶һǿʥ㳡
ò£Ǳڤơ
¹ȥˣȴûڱڤƵһ˿µĺۼȻᣬֻĿУһ˿ȣ񵱳Ҷ콻ʱԴ
ʵϣԴӱڤ汻Ҷնɱ֮󣬱ڤҾһǧɣڤҵţҲûĽ֮ġ
Ϊˣܷϣɾһ۷壬һЩʥصŻҪǿ
ǿʥһֻǸոսʥ𣿡
ܣôоѾﵽʥˡ
һǳڵĴʥ̫ˡ

һ˷׷𾪡
ڤʱ̤㳡ϿգĿͻȻԶգȵ̣ȻѾˣһսĪ㵨𣿡
Զʱ
̾ȻѾ
ǲɵ÷׷תͷȥȴûзκһӰһƬյģֻаƶ䡣
أ
ɻ֮ʱڤǰĿռͻȻ˺ѿһֳһֻȣ˳
ιιιѾļʲôҳֻսҲ١̵˱ڤһۣлڽ⣬˵ģ塣
սһ˶ʱһȻʵʦҶȫһԻһ㶼ûһķȡ
ֻǼ̳Ҷ츳ûм̳Ҷǿ֮硣һϱ̾
Χԣ׷ͬͷ
߿УڤƸɫһƬڣܺãȻѾˣǾͿʼɡ
˵գڤһ̣ƴƥĽâ𣬹ᴩ񷣬ƺҪƬضг롣
ιιι˵˵ҳ갡̶ʱеͬʱһȣһָһѪɫָâ
ָ
սȺ֮У˾
Ҷ޵񹦻˲ˣԱ˵һŹǳǿ޵񹦡
䣡
ըѣս
ǵѪɫָâᴩ񷣬ޣֱӴ˱ڤƵ֮ϣĽһֶ
ô᣿ڤ𾪵ؿԶڳȵ̣Ѿﵽʥڣ񽣣Էӳʥ۷ս
ȻֻһָѾҪȫ֣Ǹöô£
㵽״ﵽʲôˣڤ̲סȵ
̴ʱһȥӵͷһǿʥΪģ˷ϯ
Ȼʥ磡
̹һЦӶ˫ȭɱɫѪʱϯ˲񷣬ǵأɢһɺƴޱȵĻԻѹ
˻ȭ
սȺ
û뵽Ҷ˻ȭѧˡ
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ʥѾ̤𾳽磬һ𣬱֮㸸׵Ҳ˿ȫԳȥˡػϿҶʥ˵
ҶʥųģȻһ̵˵ǵӣʵûʲôǳ磬ҲҶʥ˺ܴϣ
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1007 ʱ
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Ͼںܶ˵Щ콾ѾʮˣٴӰҲýɢˡ
ʮһѾһľ콾ȡ
̣ӵ֮壬һʥֱʥ磬Ѿﵽʥ۷徳磬벽ʥҲԶˡ
ʡϻʣҶͬľţ޵һѾɳʥ硣
жƣھħһ֮츳ǣټϻý̻ҪʥҲһλʥǿˡ
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޷磬ѾΪʥʥӣѾ̤ʥ磬սʥ۷塣
⣬еһ콾ǵĵӡ
ϻʣϷĴˣȻûв壬ȴϷԼľѪӵһֲһһָţһҲ̡
а֮ӵĴаħŮò˵а֮һȻһŮӣʵһ˾治ѡ
аħŮ츳ȴҲ֪ӵʲôƣȻһսܡ
ˣ̫̫һֵ̫̫ܣҲƤ뵽һ֮УȻ˲ݣǵʵȴǳǿ󣬽ӽʥ
עһĴʱܶϱǿ߾̾ǾԼܿҪ̭ˡ
ʮǰһ˵ĳ֣׸ǹеţǾȻʧɫ
˽Ҷʥֻ֪ӱȴ֪Ǻηʥ
ҶʥһԺλӣûһ˿ԵסһС
Ҷʥʼսһʥءţ𾪵ǣսĲ֣ͬҶһ
칬⹬ˮˮսҵս磬ɽׯĽʮ̫һֵ̫̫ܡ
ЩǺҶͬȻҶ˦Զˣû˸ҷǵʵÿһˣѾﵽʥ۷徳磬Ծһ
һȺˣȴҶʥ꣬һһܡ
ң𾪵ǣҶʥֱڣ𾳽磬츳֮ǿݴ½ˡ
һ콾һľ콾
ԽԽ˿ʼҶʥûһ֪ϱʥ۷ǿ֣׼նɱ˼ʵţȴǱҶʥɱˡ
ҶʥȻûкһǿսĹâȴѹЩˣΪݴ½ҫ۵Ĵڡ
Ѿ˵ΪڶҶˡ

춷塣
Ҷʥվڷ嶥һƬҡͷһ̾ʮսȻЩĥȴһ˿һսӦýʥ磬ȥһ븸ľ콾ˡ
ú֮ߣܵһɿֲ춷Ƶ

ѧԺ
ԺڸһУһѧԺӡСͬʱҲҶĶӡ
ȥʦ𣿡Ժʵ
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ٹʱɣһһС΢Ц˵ִݲȵ̬ȣþԺľ
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ӵ֮ţٶȣݴ½û˱ȵһλϱʥ̾
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ʱһߴд
һ̣գǹΨ޵еİڳеʥǶڲս
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Χķʥǣܵһǿѹȣ׷ͷųԼƵֵ
ߣʵûʧ
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1009 Ҷ
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ҵľѾﵽΣʵԶԶԽ˰񣬾ҲаһսΪʼտ粻һ
Ϊʲô

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ȻҶһֱ̽񾳽磬ҪһΪݴ½һλ
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Ҷʥһ仰ȫţ󲻾ãһƬڡ
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ֱһ̣ǲ֪СӾȻҶĶӡ
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˵ЩʥǣЩǣҲ𾪲ѡ
û뵽ҶǼһصôҾ˵ҶʲôʱôǿˣһҶ죬ֳһҶʥӰս޼֮󣬹Ц
޳˵ͷҲû뵽һǵһ֪жӣǰû˵
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Ƴһۣߵðԭ֪Сһĵϸˣ˵Ȼػ϶Գˣӿ²һš
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⻰Ͳˣ㶼Ѿʦ°ٰܽһ𣿾룬ʦҲûǸȤˡһԵЦ
ʦ˵ʲôʱֵˣϷû˵ԶϻߵһǿϢ
۾һУٺЦԭѾ̤ʥˣѹָǰţȻˣǾսһʦڵ似ʦڵ似
㲻ɣϻһ賤˳˲ɵԶĸ߿֮С
ߺߣһЦʣȶһԵѧԺԺ㳯ϻʷ˹ȥ
⡭Ժ̻ûпİֻȣзǳЦ
ʱһֱĬ̫衿ˣ˵Ϸ磬Ȼսˣָָ㣬ǾܾĻлġ
ߣ
Ϸһֻɫӣҵâ΢΢ƳҶʥһۣҽսҿɲ飬
ʤ˱ҳ£ģҸײ˶ġҶʥ˵ɫ̹Ȼ棬һϱʥͰ񶼰̾
£ܹϷʱȵģҲֻһڰܹõˡ
ԣ˶ǳҶʥ
Ҷ죿ڶҳأһɣϷһǰһ߳˲߿֮УʮУסʮУӮˡ
ˣҶʥ䣬˾ѾϷĶ棬һǿϢϱϯء
ǿϢǷʥһһķʥ
𾳽磬ܹʥ۷ǿߣҶ٣϶һʥǷʥ
˵ӻûȫսڴ

㳡ϣһ۷׷ףڴ֮ɫ
Ϸȴг˲мְɣҵҪҶĶʲô£ǷҶ֮ǰǿ
ǰСˣҶʥһЦԭһӰѾϷǰϿա
Ŷ񣡡Ҷʥȵֲķ֮һɫ񶦣Яſֲϯա
Щɫ񶦣漴ۼһһ޴񶦣ŻϷѹ¡
Ŷ޵ôôֲ
ˣŶһŹ칦ǵ𴴳ġ
̫ʥʥˣôѧŹ칦òҶҲûѧᡣ
ϧŷʥ磬ȼĸףҲǿѾﵽ񾳽Ϸ硣

һ˵֮С
Ϸ˫âǰһֲ̤ռ䣬ޱߵİΧγһƬǿĳ
ʵϧʥ磬ҿ⣡ϷһЦӶ˫ȭϯ˫սڡ
˫ȭЯŻصݺݵغ޴档
䣡
ʱ𶯣
Ϸ˫ȭֱӷ޶ǿ˺ѳգҶʥȥ
Ⱥ֮УʱһƬ
̫ǿˣǰȷʥǿࡣ
ȻҶʥвûһ˿⣬һƽֻӡһž޴̫ͼΪģ˷ϯȥء
ߣϷ粻мЦʩչȭأ˺գҶʥɱ
˫ڣޱߵϯأƬ涼ս
һڰ¶֮ɫǣϷ磬ҲòضԴôŸոսʥҶʥأ
ǣҶʥûʩչʲôֶΣֻǽ޴̫ͼԼǰӭϷ°ȭ
ΪⶫԵֵסҵȭϷЦг˲м֮ɫ
Կ֪ˣҶʥһƬƽ¶Ц֮ɫ
̬ȣϷûһɻģȫϵغǰ̫ͼ
𾪵ǣ̫ͼ˿ֻǲ˸ҫ۵ĹâȻסϷļʮȭ
ôܣϷ֮ɫ
һڰͷʥҲĿɿڴ𾪲ѡ
ǿһλĹȻôɵرֵסˣҿҶʥƺûзѶƵġ
ⲻܡȭϷ粻һУŭ˶ɫͬһ޵еս񣬱ֲϢû񷡣
𾪣ǰϷҪչְˡ
Ҷʥһɫ΢ֵǰ̫ͼҲԽԽҫۣɢһ֮⡣
ԣȭ
Ϸ𣬾˫ȭ·е˫ȭ֮УʹֻȭͷֲĹâǿա
һ˶ޱȡ
ƣϷһЯŻһĿֲݺݵغǰ̫ͼ
䣡
·һǳըһ㣬춯ء
Ϸ˫ȭ̫ͼ֮䣬һǰδеĿֲǳ˷ϯȥΧĿռ䶼һˣضҡΣ˸оµǳڲ
Ȼһ֮Ҷǰ̫ͼȻȱһ˿ѷ춼ûг֣ɹâҫ
⡭ôܣ
۾˰ɣ
̫˼ˣ
һ˾ϣȫڡ
һ̣˵Ϸˣ˶̫ͼǿķˡ
ǿһλȫһȻɵסˣ⡭Ҷʥֻһλʥ
̫ʥ̫ʮʽ֮󣬾ǿߵȫһҲԵֵסȻ鴫辪̾
һڷʥͰ𾪡
ҶʥȻûдﵽĳ̶ȣѾȫԵֵסһλĹˣȻ޷ȼ磬ķѾڲ֮ˡ
߿УϷɫһƬг˲š
û뵽ԼȻҶӵķƲˣҲ̫ˣȫµǿ߿ɶڿŰ


1011 
߿УϷŶҶʥĿг˸ӡ
һ˶ڹעǣǺ֪ϷôѡǼֹһ䣿
λҲǳ棬һĻ
ܲ㸸ױȼ磬ʮѹˡãϷһ˵
棬һ˶ʱȻ
Ϸ磬һλ콾һλݴ½ǿ֮һ˹°һˣȻѡһ󱲵ͷˡ
ⲻòúܶ˳Ծ¥ϵһڰ񶼸еǳ⡣
ͬʱҲеǳ塣
˾ˣϷ粢ûΪ˵һˣȣȴܶ޷⡣
ҶʥϷĿ⣬Ҳɵ΢΢һ䣬ǰˣǰȥҶĳذɡ
˵ʵϾά̫ͼҪǿһֱάǿ
̫ͼȻֵܹסһλȫʱƵģϾǿ̫࣬ʱ䳤ˣҲܲס
ԵסĹһҲֻжѣˣҲɡ
ϷԴһת¥
ǰѾ˵ˣʮΪޣԼ֪ȥƵҶʥ̫ͼҲܼˡ
ϾȼʳԶʣһһ󱲣ǻúܶ˸оܵġ
ǺηҶʥ̾
޼ЦֶܹסĹҲʸ
ս壡Ҷʥ΢Цŵͷ漴ָ衢޳һҶĺѵͷ
ȺʥҶʥ֮̾ɫ
޵ݴ½ҲôǱȼۼҸӵһμѻ
Ҷ˵һΪˣҪ֪˽̫ɽƵȼ߲֮⣬ǰ֪ҶʥҶĶӡ
ʱõϢʱ𺳲ѡ
ԸӣҶ벻ǿ󶼲Уݴ½ǿĴ֮һ
û뵽Ҷ첻ҳأĶȳҪʤ𣿺Ǻǣ̫衿ڣЦ
Ҷʥüͷһ壬漴ЦλαҸ״̫ܵɣ
һԣʱɵЦˡ
αҸ״ܣ⻰õ̫ˡ
̫衵ɫȥȻڵԸȺܶˣǱһ˷̣Щŭ˵СҶĶˡ
ѵ̫衱۸ˣڻҪС۸
̫۾Ҷʥߵݣǲ㸸ף˵ʵ㸸ȷʵҳء
ҸվͲ˵仰ˡҶʥЦ
㸸վǰԿ̫һ
Ҷʥû˵ֻһЦ
ʱһڰͷʥɫһ䣬漴볯пȥ
̫Ҳˣһͫ
ǺǣԶľ˵һһεĽѵűչؼꣿֳˡ
һĻдȴ
˶߶ը졣
һɫǳ۵Ҷ죬˫֣л١һ̤˲¥ϣĿ⣬ͬһ˲̫衡
Ⱥʥʱڣһڰͷʥ¶֮ɫ
Ҷˣ
ʮ֮λ޵ݴ½ľ콾ٴγǰ
жڷڡ
Ҷγأбװģ
˲ɵÿһڰǼҶܵľ콾ǣʱ¶֮ɫսⱬ
ʲôʱصģ֪ĻҾȥˡս޼֮Ц˵
ҶЦոճزãӦұ˵һˡ˵գЦſ̫衡
̫һ죬漴ߵҶ죬̤ħҲĶ֡Ѿ̤񾳽磬ҲٽħδҵĶ֡
Ŷʮ̫˲ٴۣ˰񾳽硣ҶЦ
ʱԶϷ˹սⱬһ˫ɫӣҶ죬Ҷ죬ɸһս
յ°ܽҶӵķƲˣһսҶƳϷһۣߵ
ϷŭҶ˵ʵ޷
Ҷ죬ҲؼǣóҲǱڰ񾳽磬дһ£Ҳ̤һҲվս졣
ò˵Ҷɨ˻ģ޵ݴ½Щͬľ콾Ƕǳ
ԣڴҶ̤˰񾳽磬ǾͺսҶ죬˭ݴ½ǿš
Ҷ쵭ؿ˵һۣЦŵ˵ͷǶҵܴ󰡣ãҲҪսģɣȫˡ
˵գҶ̤նϣ˲֮ǿ֮С
һޱȣ½һ˵İ޵еİ
һڰҶȻȺۣ¡
Ǻǣ˾Ǳг徢гϷˡǺЦ
ѾԽԽɲˣʵ˵Ҷ̲סҪˡЦŵͷ
ǿսǳ˵
͵ʱɫǳǲͬЩ̫źСսΣĶ˵˵Ҷʵܴܿﵽһֲֿĳ̶ȡ
ҾͲٴ̤ħ򣡡̫衴һһ̤գ񷣬ǿ֮С
һսϷҲ񷣬ҶܣǱҶʥһ£Ѿл˾ŭ
Ҳ׷ȥֲİ֮Χնˡ
һ˼״Ҳ̤ն𣬳ǿ֮˲ơ
ʵһսû˻ۿ
ʦˣˣ̹ЦԶ
ߣϻһ
սôãȴһֱûзֳʤȻʵǿһЩǱ˴˼Ĳ಻󣬺ѷֳʤ
ʱ˶ѡսǰǿйս
ǳϿգҶ챳˫֣һ˫ӣõâ󳤷裬ƷǷһɿµġơس
Զ̫衡Ϸ硢˶һ֮ɫ
ȻԼģΪԼڿԻҶ죬ҶʱȴܵһɳصѹȸС
ⲻΪҶɢѹ̫ǿΪҶ޵ݴ½޵֮ƣ˶òء
ɣһϣҿЩ궼ɳ˶١ҶһֻƣŲԶ̫衵С
һ˶ʱ𾪣ҶҪսҪ֪̫ǿɶǷˣȫǰ񰡡
ǿߣһѾ޵ݴ½Ҷ쾹ȻҪսü
̫衴һѾ̲סȥˣ˫Ʒѹ񷣬ǳǿնҡΡ
һޱȣ̫衵ս̫꣬衾һڰ֮ǿġ
ң̫衻һսס
ʵҶֵܹ


1012 ޵
̫衳ˣλųưһǿߵ̫ӣһ֣̫Ĺ칦̫֮ơ
ֻ̫衵˫ƣȫ˽ɫǰĳγֻ޴Ľɫӡǳôѹգɢſֲơ
һ̣涼ս̫ϱֲ̫ˣƱȼˣư磬ƾ졣
찡ʵѵѾȼ𣿡
񻹲һ㣬ǿİ޽ӽˡ
ǰս꣬Ҳ壬ֻľˡ

սһ𾪲ѣȻ֮ɫ
˶̫衵Ƹסˡ
һڰ¶֮ɫ
¡¡
̫һ޵еս˫ѹأɫŶϯ磬һƬ
Ҷһ˵ͷȷеʵ
ߣ̫ߣҶͬԷǰһ
˵֮䣬ҶѾˣһΪһӭ̫衣һԶϷ硣
սˣһ˲䶼ˡ
Ҫһս
ֹ
ǳϷҶ죬һʩչ˻ȭһʩչ̫֮ƣϷվһĵסˡ
ʱŭӣɫһƬԥس֣䣬һɫҶ졣
ȭϷѾŭˣ̫һ۸Ҷ죬ҶԼȻ顣
¡¡
˵սʱұ
һߣ̫衼ֱζըˣŭȵҶ죬̫Сˡ
ͷڷ裬ֳɫսףϵϢӿֲˡ
˼Ҷ쵭һЦ˻ȭһȭͺ̫衣ǹɽɫԣһ˲ϯ棬ǿա
̫衴սȫݺݵغҶ죬һҪҶһݺݵؽѵ
Ȼ
䣡
ҶһȭֱӺ̫֮ƣǿȭһɽɫĳ磬̫衵嶼ƺᴩˣⱬ伸ͨǿա
ۣ
̫衶ʱѪɣŵؿŲԶյҶ죬ǵɫΰӰһ̣ϢĿ־С
ôܣ
̫вʵŭ
սһ˶Ĭˣǿնš
ֱһߣҶһƺϷ磬һȭƵ壬ǿֱ񷣬ս졣
ʲô޵У
޵У
˶һڷʥֱ۾ЩҲ¶֮ɫ
ս
ѵѾ񾳽𣿡
ûн񾳽磬ȴѾ˿սǺųʷǿš

һ

̫衲ʧܣͷڷˣͬһ񱩵̫žޣҶ
Ϸ͵һۣҲҶ졣
ʱҶ϶Ϊһһλȴ˿塣
ֻأҶͺȵ˫ǰƿֲû棬̫˶ɳȥ
̫衻ãǿټս׻壬ûܵʲôơ
Ϸ͵Ͷѷ죬Ҫˡ
ɫ䣬һֲ̫ˣӵҶѾȼˡ
ϹʱҲǵһţ޴ڵĻ᳤̾ϹʱˣΪԼƳ˿ܣԲܻڡ
Ǹʱţȷкܶ˲Ϸ硢ǲҲɾ
ܹڰ񾳽磬ȴѾսţϹʱԶʱûгֹ
Ҳһɣ˵ʵҲ֪ҵӵʲôʵдһ¡
Ҷһֻش̫֮Ŀ⣬˲Զһڰ
ս޼Ϊˬʣһͳ˳ЦҵģҵĿȭ
һչֿ״̬˫ȭһ˫ѪɫȭͷѪӿȣ񷣬Ҷɱ
û뵽ս޼ȻҲһλʥս޼ȭףɵþ
ǿ϶ڿ֮ĹеõģѾõ˿Ĵˡһλʥ˵
ҶԴ˲⣬Ͼһ֮ĹģȻ֪ս޼õ˿ĴС
Ҷ죬Сˡս޼ȵ
ӦСĲŶԡ˻ȭҶһȭӭ˹ȥǿӿֲѪƷأһȭƿռ䣬ݿһغս޼塣
ҿôǿһġս޼һ嶼ٵˣ⻹ҶԵʣҲҪ
ҲһԣһɫӰ˳ΰǿնΪ֮һ
а֮ӣ
һһ޵ţǰΨһûаܸҶˣҲһڰΨһһ̫衿ˡ
̫֮ƣ
Ҷа֮ӷǳӣ̫֮ƺȥѹأɫѪϱһɫգ档
һ
а֮ӲʵеľħǰδеĹâƵħòԶǳڲ
䣡
һֱ£·Ҫ涼г롣
ȻҶ̫֮ƣȴǻΪֻɫӡεؼס˾ħ
̫ˣҶҡҡͷһȭ˻ȭҵĽɫԣƲ񷣬졣
ôܣ
а֮ͫ
ܵҶʵʱΪʲô̫˲һʵǴʱҶ죬̫ǿˡ
䣡
֮ͬǰϷһа֮ҲҶһȭ壬ȻûȴǱѣ˲ơ
ԶսһˣѾĿɿڴˡ
Ҷ޵ˣа֮ӣ̫衣İ񣬸ûһܹһսʸ
ҲԿȻЦһ˶һ񵶣˺ѿռ䣬ңңնҶ졣
ǾλϱȻҲˣʵ֮ǿ۹±ȳа֮Ӷ١
򵶹һ
λһʣҶûʩչ칦ǴԼԴռһʽ
ʱâϯ۳һ޵ľײһ
䣡
һ졣
û˿飬嶼ѿǱڲԶ塣
ˣˣ˵ʱˡҡͷЦսʱûзʲôȵԼܵҶǿʱ֪θС
ϼһȻ㶼ˣҲմ֣һЦ漴һߴӰ˳һɽɫֱ񷣬
𾪣ΪĲǱˣǵ죬λݴ½ĵһǿߡ
ҶҲȥλݴ½һǿߣǵõһλ˻ʵĴУȻû˻֮·ʵС
սҲڴһݴ½һˣһڵݴ½һˣһʱһʱıƴ
ȻڿҶ֮ǰչ¶ʵҲ֪첻ܻӮ
ˣҺ֮ǰڹעˣֻû뵽ߵһ˵һɫ߻֣ɢһɿֲĻʵ֮λ
˻ʽ
ųʥ


1013 
˻ʽ
Ҷһϸһ˿أȻ˻ʽֻһ;ħࡣѽЯϣܹѹߣһ귽ѹơ
Ҷ첻òˡ
Ҫ֪һܵѹƣʵȻҲᱻѹơ
Сˣ
һ漴ס˻ʽѽɫ񽣣ʱҵĽɫԣ·һٸ̫ըһǿա
ˣҶ컹ʱڵ۳ΰӰɢԣأӲ׳
Ŵ˻ʣ
ôܣ
˾
ҶҲ֮ɫ˻ʽĻҪ򵥣ƺȾħҪǿࡣ
ʵ˻ʽֻһɵһ˻ʴɣ˺ɺ˻գɱ̺˾Ŵ˻ʵĻʵ֮ǿֲɱ¾֮ݴ½һǵĳ˵
Ƕʱ𾪡
ԭˣǻΪֻһλ˻ʶһѽأû뵽ȴǵһ˻һŴ˻ʵļӳ֡
ѽѾ۷ˡ
䣡
춯ˣûʩչʲô似ֻǸ߸߾˻ʽҶһ
һ̣ţǿնĬˣԶǳȻʧɫ̫Ĺâһ󰵵
ؼ䣬еһУǰˡ
Ҷ꣬ܵһɿֲĻʵ֮޵еѹסˡ·һԵĲǵ죬̫ʱľλ˻ʡ
˻֮𣿡
Ҷޱأⲻֹһλ˻֮ǾŴ˻֮
˵λ˻ʴı壬Ҷڳܵģݴ½ѹ
ԣҶʵ죬־޵У˿Ҳѹȥһʵֻܷӳһ롣
һ룬Ҳ㹻ˡҶһЦǰһȭȥ䣬ɣء
˻ȭ
£ʩչ˻ȭʩչ似ܵѹƣ
䣡
˻ȭ˻ʽͬǻʵ֮ͬ˻ʵľѧȻʩչȴͬ
ֳ˻ʽоŴ˻ʼӳ֣ЯĴƣһǿգ˺Ѳ񷣬ƺƵǰڶȥ
һڰȫɫ䡣
ֲ̫ˣǣºѵֵ
ڳҲֻ̫衡а֮ӡս޼аյֵ
Ϸ͵Ƕûȵ˺ܶࡣ
һܹҶ
𰸡Ȼǲܵġ
ֻҶӶ˫ȭɫӿֲսء˫ɫâͬõĳ磬˺ѿռ䣬ֱ
¡
Ҷһȭ֮£·ضˡ
˻ʽӲҶĽɫ˫ȭסˣɿֲΪģ˷ϯȥ
ͬоľκһ㣬һڰͷʥ⣬ȫɳȥ
Ƭǿգ˽أû㹻ʵսʸûС
̫ǿˣ
Ҳ
˻ʽ

һš
˿̣ǹ籩ȥҶ͵Ӱ¶
Ҷ컹ãȱȻ޵У¡
෴İӶݻˣֻгֽǱȱ
һĻ˵һֳ˻ʽĵ죬Ҳ䵽ⷬ³
ݴ½˭ҶĶ֣
޵ˣ
ɨǬ£˵ıǴ˰ɣ
ݴ½һսܣµݴ½һȡ֮ݴ½ʱˡ

Ⱥʥڡ
һսעҪݴ½Ҷ쳹޵£ٸ֮档
Ϸ硢̫衡ȼλ콾Ȼвʣ˿ҲĬˡ
ǿҶ죬Ǹеһʧ䡣
Ҷ죬ڵʵѵܽ񾳽𣿡ȵ»ص¥ս޼Ȳʵ
ʱһڷʥͰĿⶼҶ죬˵񾳽ԶҪġ
ΪֻҪһ񾳽磬ӵ޾ز棬
ЩϵķʥһȵĿ⣬Ҷ죬ȴҶĻش
ҶʵʮǰҾѾڳԵȼˣһֿ־壬Ҳ̤һ
а֮ɫһ䣬ҲָоѵҲһ𣿡
Ϸ硢̫衡ʱ˵ͷ
Ҷʱˣ鲻Լһ⣬Ҷܵš
Ҫ֪һȼʧܣǾͻ䡣
ԣҶ죬Ҳ߳һ
ʵҲһ
͵Ҳ˵
ϱ̤ʱȽϳ֪ҲҶǶࡣ
˶ǡ
ʵһֱһ²⣬ǾǲҪ־壬һеصȼƴһ
ԣʱɫһ䡣
򲹳ҺͶΪڤڤ֮ǵľ棬Ͼһ̤񾳽磬ͻᳬֻأز棬Ϊ顣
ľ棡
Ҷüͷһ˵ͷȷֿܣ
˳Ĭ
Ƕǰ񾳽ǿߣֻΪһ²⣬̤֪ǻĲ֮·
͵ôûиһԣΪǶ޷ȷ·ʵԣһʧܣǾ
Ȼȴ̤񾳽硣
֪ʲô⣿ս޼ǳ
Ҳ֮ǳ˵ӦҪλһ壬־Ҳս֮Уٵȼɡ
ѾλһˡҶʮıչأʱ֮Ѿλһˡ
Һ͵Ҳˡ˵ǽʱˣȻ綼̤һ
ҾͲˡǳҡͷЦʵʱ䲢һǧǰ̤ģλһĵ·
ţ
ڴʱ޴ڵĻ᳤ͻȻվɫ䡣
˵עʱˡ
᳤ôҶʵ
޴ڵĻ᳤ûлش𣬶Ǳ۾һռģƺںʲô˽š
Ҳڵţܹ޴ڻ᳤ɫ飬϶ͬһ㡣
ң޴ڻ᳤Ҳǰ񼶱ǿߣֵǵȴ
˲ã޴ڵĻ᳤۾ˣ̳˾ۼѾϯݴ½
ʲô
ôܣ
һ˶ʱʧɫ
ս޼ߵ̵ЩúöţȻ¶棬𣿡
Ҫ֪ڵݴ½ʮλ񣬼ʮλʥϹʱǿʢʱ̡
ѡʱգֱѰ·
ûô򵥣ͻȻˣȻ׼ڱϻȥ
ţͻȻա
ҶҲ̧ͷ˹ȥͫ΢΢һ֮ɫ
Ҳ֮ȥ˲ʧɫΪǿ֮޳һ޼ʣޱ޼ʣֱ̫ˡ
һǶǼƻˣ¥ۻᣬȴøһһ򾡵ĻᡣҶ
ˣͷ񼶱ˣһֱû䣬ҹҵһӡսžۼô޴ǳͻȻ˵
ɫһ䡣
˵ǺͱսǷǳЩ޵ĿֲȻû򣬵Բȱٰ
Ҫǣϯݴ½Ǹûʱӡ


1014 
ϯǿնһͷͷӰһӴͬɽۼףҵɷǵأ񱩵ŭ캳ء
Щ޸ͬеͨ貣ͬ⽽ɣ¶ɢųҵĹâֻѪɫ۾ֲɱ¾֮⡣
еſףһƬƬɫëͬһϣ˸ĺ⡣£һĿռ籩˻ǼХ˶䷢ۡ
ǰʮͷΪ׵ޣȫɢһɳϢǿֲƬضڲȻѾﵽ˰񼶱
ǿͷӵߵİ񣡡ǳͻȻ˵һ۾ϳʮͷеͷޣǵӵߵġ
ҶҲϳˣΪħ潻սնɱͷߵޣȴû뵽ǳôʧ߰
ϻʲôһɱȥڿɲǵȶѾ̤˰񾳽硣ս޼ţһ˳ȥ˫ȭӶ񷣬һɿֲϢһ񼶱޺ȥ
ɱ
һսǣ
Ϸ硢Ҳȥ
޳Ҷʥ̫衡а֮ӡ衢졢ʥҲԲסһλ񼶱ޡ
ʮ񼶱ޣʱǷֹˡ
һʥʱоѹһڷʥĴ£Ⱥɱȥǿ֮Уʱս죬
Ҷ޴ڻ᳤վһ𣬲ûж֣ԺԪ࣬Ҳûж֡
Щ֣Ⱥ֪ǵʵ֮ϣΪλѡѵֻΪʱ䣿Ժüͷ
ֿܣҶ
޴ڵĻ᳤Ŀһｻǣȴһ˳Χǰݴ½ִ֡
áҶ˵ͷҪ˵ʲôڴʱǰǿ֮жʱ˾ޱ䡣
޴ڵĻ᳤ҶʱһƬǿȥ
ս޼ſȭףѾǰһλ񼶱޴̧ͷˣƥƳ죬Χһ޶ԶԶġ
ڴʱһޱȵĺƴâңԶ֮նɱһ쳤磬أս޼˶롣
һĻòԶ̫衡Ϸ硢а֮ӵ˶𺳲ѡ
ȺʥҲˡ
ǿս޼˵Űʵһһʵһڰ֮оǶġ
һǿĴڣȴһն壬һǸôԶľ룬˭ʵ
Ҷ
ѵݴ½еڶҶ죿
ΪǽâޣǾֻˡ
ΪʲôҪ޶Ըս޼
ɻ𾪵֮Уһλµ꣬ɢųĺɫħңԶǿһ
·ǺڰеĴħֳħһ̤ǿҡս
ǳ̫еһУǰȻʧɫ
أ˲·ֻʣһˣ˵һˣվڸ߸ߵĲ֮ϣͬ顣
顣
ֻһ˾Ϳֲħ
ߣ
ս޼ڲԶ壬ŵضǰǵϤӰͫҧгݡ
Ҳǳ𾪣˾Ȼߣҿڵ״̬Ѿ̤񾳽硣
񰡣
ݴ½ڵһλ񣬵ϧȴݴ½վڶ档
û뵽һ֮УȻһ̤񾳽硣̫衳˵г˲ʣȻ֮ǰҶˣ֪Ҷ컹ṳ̂񾳽磬̤񾳽磬һܹ׷ϡ
ڣͬߣȻˣ̤һΪݴ½һλ
˵̫衣Ϸ硢а֮ӡһھ콾Ĳʡ
㾹Ȼħˣ
Զţһնް߳ȥµĵâݺأǿգǳڲ
䣡
ߵؿ˶һۣĳһֻ޴ӡ㸲ǿգֱӽķɳȥ嶼ˣǿһ
˵һ̫ǿˣֱ޷⡣
񣬱֮ǰҶ컹Ҫǿ񰡣
壬ս꣬Ǿ磬߶һףΪ飬ͬ棬
𡭡Զ壬صߣǵǺѰ
𣬵ҵԼأ˻֮·أҲ˳վһߡ
ߵЦ˻֮·ǺǣʵҪģǳΪ˻ʣǳΪ˵ĸ׼ȷһ㣬Ҫǿͬ
˵߹Цڷ裬ֲħͬɫΣûǿգ涼ս
ħôģ㣡ŭ˵
ҴںںֻҴ˿ӵеȴԶҲġЦڵӣɫħŵնɱȥ
ҵȷף֪һħĺڰħԨ޷԰Σһ߸߾˻ʽ϶ɢҵĽɫâһɫ̫
ı󣬾Ŵ˻Ӱٴθ֣ɢһɿֲѹ
ɫħֱӱŴ˻ѹ֮С
˻ʽϧû˻֮·ûн񾳽磬һýȴǷӲǽҰɡһ£һ̤Ѿǰһֳ˻ʽץ
˶һ񵶣ſֲնߡ
ҲԶɱһֻ޴Ļƽɱ
λĹȴŲæһƽЦ̫ˣֻе̤񾳽磬Żǿ󣬲ǽҲûϣˡ
һ£߱һɨǺƴƥĺɫâŴݿһĿֲ˶նˡ
ڵе˻ʽȴǱϹ̫ץסһԵа֮ӣ߸߾ħ̫衣һɱߡ
䣡
߶ʱ޾û
Ȼ˾ǣͬûһ㣬ǹɾκ֮߳һƾͺа֮ӵ壬žħɳȥ
̫衣һɳȥѪ磬ս׵ĹâһЩ
壬ټսףѹַôǿܹҶٴιأ
Ц̫衣ǿնƺˣЩǣҲҽӽ
ɢǿգ˵궼ܵһɳصѹȡ
̫ǿˡ
һ̣߻޵ս׾ٵؾͻλ񣬾ǿ̫衣κɣϵսѾװ޹ˡ
䣡
Ҷʥ̫ͼվ̫ǰߵһ֮
ǿֲݺݵس̫ͼ棬һ캳صû񷡣
ķҶĶӰɣȻǺη㻹̫ˣ㸸׹ࡣ۾һУЦ
һ̣̫ͼ飬һҶʥ


1015 汾Դ
䣡
һҶʥƴƥĽâγɿµĳᴩռ䣬ⷽضΪ֮Ȼʧɫ
Ǿû̫ͼҶʥܹסһ
²аɣ
̫֮ƣ
ؼʱ̣̫壬ͬһ޵еսɢųҵĽɫâҶʥĺ󷽳˳ӭߵƥһ
Сӣһòһ󱲰æ̫衶Ҷʥһ˻ʽ漴նߡ
Ҷʥһ㶣漴Ц
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̫֮γɵĽɫӡƴĽâᴩ̫Ӷ˻ʽסµһҲܵشɳȥ
ֳħ̤նؿ̫衺ҶʥҡͷûõģΪ˭Ҳ޷ҡ
𣿡һߣͻȻǳ֮д漴һӰԶһɳĿֲơ
ͫ׶ʱ𾪵ؿϤӰ漴ͻָƽ
ߣվ̤·Ҷ̤նÿһ̤·Խǧ˲ͳߵĲԶ
һʥҶ쵽ʱ˿ʼԸЩ
̫衵ҲأЩ񼶱ɱ
һƬǿսֻʣҶˣͬ飬Ӳѹأ
Ҷ죬Ҽǿһ·ɳģû뵽һ̤һأ񾳽ɣߵؿҶ죬֮ɫ
ҶⱬҵâߣֻǿһħҡβŻһͷѡ
һ񣬶ʱ˾˵ɱɣܹݴ½޵еҲˣҺܸˡ
㣿Ҷҡҡͷ֮ɫЦҶ첻ἵκˣο㣬һҡβ񾳽硣ûв´Ӧħһö˰ɣ
Ϊ񾳽ٵڽһɲǣݴ½ϲκˡ
ԣҶΪ߲ܿԼʵ񣬶һö
ңħ治ܻߣһ֮ԺҲ볬Խ˵ʵˡ
Ҫħߵ񼶱ǻãԺԴﵽ񾳽硣
ֻ񼶱ôһֻܱ񾳽ˡ
ʣǿЦ֮
ҶҡͷһŲἵһԺ޷أ
ΪҶУĿǱߣߣҪԽǰԽ𣬳档
ΣһںЦأ֪ܵΪʲô𣿡
ţ֪ħģҶһЩ֮ɫ
һӸ߸𣬳޾Ĳ֮ϳȥ
Ҷüͷһ壬漴Ҳ˹ȥ
ԽԽߣս׵ԽԽԶǱһƬʹĻסˣǷӡݴ½ΧǿյӴ
ʱõ󷨣ػݴ½꣬ڰıһڴ档
Ҷ죬֪֮£кܶǳвǳס֮е
վ޾ĸ߿֮У·ǳͬһ飬棬ָǿա
ҶЦ޷񾳽ʲô
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汾ԴҶüͷ
ʵֻݴ½Ľз֮У飬Ǹոս顣뷲˵ĸ𣬱ӵ޾֪޾ô𣿡߼˵
汾ԴҶ²
ٺ٣ߺٺЦ漴ǰ˵Ȼػݴ½Ҳ赲汾ԴĽ룬ڼ֮£ݴ½ѾƬǿյ汾Դľˡڣ˵ǲܽˣٹһ꣬ݴ½ͻ˲ʱ߿¶ٵˡ
Ҷ𾪣֪赲룬ȴû뵽汾ԴҲ赲ˣôı
˵ǰĻôӵ
ֻҶǰΪƿʱͿռ䣬ſԲó赲汾Դ
Ҷ죬˵ûᣬֻҪҺͬħ棬ƽˡʱ򣬲˵̤񾳽磬Ҳܸڰǰħ̤ĺ硣
ǰҶ죬˵
Ƶ󷨣ȺڰŴݴ½ϣ𣿡ҶЦ
Ҫݴ½ôҶԸһӶ񾳽硣
Ҷ죬ʲôϸ뿴ڰǺεȾ磬ħƿǳصݴ½ΪɱһȺˣҡͷЦ
ֻ֪ںڰݴ½ֻһȺϣɱɢȥɱݴ½ˡ
Ҷߣԣħ빥󣬷ҲŹǵġ
ƾ㣿߲мؿҶһۣЦΪڻҵĶ֣ǺڰǳͣΪһ˵Щϻ
ҵҪúøлڰˣǵתҽ֮󣬱һ̡ҶЦ
һЦ㻹Ǹʱ𣿡
˵գһƴϱϯǿա
ҶЦǿҲͬʱֲĽɫѪͬһɫ̫ըҰûء
һ̣Ҷ֮󣬵һչȫʵ
һɫЩأݴ½ʷǿţ̤񾳽磬ƣƽˡ
ɣҼʶһʵҶһ֡
ЦΪܹҿ⣿ṳ̂񾳽磬Զ֪񾳽ǿ󡣡
˵գһҶ죬ƴƥĽâһӿȵû硣
˻ȭҶ𣬽ɫѪû񷣬ֻɫȭͷӶõƬǿնҡΡһɿֲΰߺɱȥ
˵˻ǿ֮·֮ڰ񾳽ͿԿҵҪǷҲõһЦħǣܵնһƬڣγһƬ嫵ħԨ
˻ܹõҶҲõһǿҶһʥҲ߶˼£˻ȭƲ񷣬ڰӲغɱ˳
ߵҶ˫ȭײһ𣬽ȴǱֲܣ˷ϯȥһƬƬǿգΧǳڲ
㡭ôܣôʵ߶ʱɫһ䣬𾪵ؿҶ졣
ղŵһ˾Ȼƽɫ


1016 ۷֮ս
Ҳˣ˵ֻ񣿡ҶһЦ֮ɫ
ɫһ䣬֮ɫߵղŲһѣ񣬱֮иҪǿ󣡡
˵գߵڽڰθߣͬһǿ֮ϣɢһɳơ˫ڵ۾·ڶɫĳƮɢͬһƬӣһգסһǳ
ԶȺսʥȫޱȣǿս״̬
䣡
ߺȻ̧һֻ޴Ľƣһṳ̋Ҷ죬ĽƣԸ򣬷·һƬѹ¡
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һʲôţΨ˭Ҳˡ
߸ûаҶ쵱ͬεĶ֣ħ޴Ľһ֮£ܵǳڲǿն·ҡΡ

Ҷ챻ŭˣ׳Ͻ֣ѪɫѪͬȼһƾ죬ǿնս
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𣬵ǼѾҶˡ
ҶʱʵټȷԿһˡ
ԭǿѹָҿ⣡˵գĿͻȻɱʵʻѪɫ񽣳Ҷնɱ
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Ҷһ˫ȭӶɫȭâʱѪɫ񽣣ܳ죬ư硣
Ҷ죬̫ˣΪһܿĻôҲֵ̫Ǯˡ
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һ˲䣬ߵϢȻ࣬ǿֲɨԶһ޺ʥɳȥ
ʵһȵʥֱӾͱĻɢ
ҶҲɳȥɫһɷףҧضߣħ򣡡
Ҳ̤磬Էǳڵ״̬
ħ򣬱ħ̤ľ磬ܹ̤Ȼˡ
Ҷ죬ҵĲ𣿿ɱΪЩ˵ǶǺʥͰҥԣʱ̤ħ򣬱ĸӿֲ
Цһȭɱ˫޴ȭͷ˿ռ䣬˲񷣬һ޵еǰƬնûˡ
ǿҶ죬һȭɳȥѪ磬ݺݵײһǳ֮ϣǳһ
Զʥ׷׾û뵽ǿ߾Ȼôֲ֮ǰȫڸ棬˿̤ħ֮Уչֳ񼶱
ʲôʥʲô񣬸񿹺⡣
ʥʱţҪҶҲˣ˭˵ߵĶ֣˭ݴ½ѵԺݴ½඼ҪħĽ£ҡβ
ʱһҶڵǿǳ֮б
ֻǿҶȥǳͻȻһɳ漴һǿһǳѿ

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һӰͷɢ±Ľɫâͬһ޵еսɢųҵԣ߳
һ̣ǳڲƬնˡ
ߵɫڴ䣬𾪵ôܣȻҲܹ̤ħ򣿡
гˣΪҶʱҲ̤뵽ħˡ
ԣȱٵֻ汾Դʱ̤񾳽磬ħ̤һΣҪ̤ҲѡҶЦɫ˫ȭƲ񷣬ֲƺƵ߳
ɫ˫ȭ֮ײһȴǱҶɳȥȻûˣȴɫˣҪ֪񰡡
ٺ٣ұƴȭӵ˻ȭӵʲôҶЦӶ˻ȭߺɱ
ɱβҶƴȭǻӶ񽣣ҶңңȥǳҵĽâ񷣬ָǿգضڷڡ
ҶЦɫ˫õâ߶Ͻֳշѹȥµ涼
䣡
ߵϽ棬һ貵Ľɫ棬ħɫѪײһƬǿնڲ
Ŀռ鿪µĿռ籩ϯԶʥǸе궼ڲ
ڵΧһУˡ
̫ǿˣ
Ұ
Ҷûʧ
ݴ½ʷϵǿţṳ̂񾳽磬Ҳܿ񡣡
˵ǰʥ񿹺ֻҥԵĻôӽ쿪ʼҥԾͻΪʵˡ

ʥҶѹߣʱתΪϲһ˷ܲѡ
ֳ˻ʽǰİ룬λҶסߣҵȾɱһ·ȫٸݴ½
ݴ½Ȼٺܶ࣬Ƕǿߣ̫衡졢а֮ӵˣһǿ񼶱޺ܹܶ࣬񼶱ޡ
ԣѾռϷ磬Ҫʵ̫ˣɱһͨ·ˡ
ȻҲֻˡ
ٿߺҶ죬˵սǳңҲǳֲúԶʥ޶ᱻǵನˡ
ڵƬճˣǳڲ
ߣһֱ׷񾳽ҲҶЦ˫ȭ𶯲񷣬Ͻĥأͬһս޵С
ɫȻ·磬ֱ˼顣
ȻΪҶȻ񾳽磬ȴǿһЩ
˴˿̶̤ħսʮűֱأÿһԻһǳǳĿֲ
ϧǣ˭Ҳκβ˱˴ˣֱ˳ħ״̬Ҳûзֳʤ
෴ʥǱߣȴڵ졢̫衡а֮˵Ĵ£ɱһѪ·عݴ½
Ҷ죬ٻᣡ߼״֪ˣֻѡˡ
һХҲȥЩҲͬˮһ㣬һȥ
Ҷûȥ׷ߣÿռ֮Ļȷߡʵ󣬼ӲҶȫһҲ䡣
ԣҶȻõ顣
Ҷֻ΢һߵıӰһ㳯ݴ½˲ƶȥ
ʱݴ½Ϸ죬һˣ۹඼̵ĴɱѪɺӣʬƬҰɷ졣
ɶ񣡡
Ҷ֮£ʱжߺħĺﵽ˼㡣
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û˿ԵסҶĽŲЩ̵ˣӶӲˡ
ǿлعʥǣҲΧˣһ۹⣬һ̵ľݵ㱻顣
ǡ
ҶͻȻһ̵ľݵҵһѪףڷ֮صõѪһģһֻװѪ


1017 ϸ
ѪףŹϵĻƣռܴ󣬵ȴ޾ѪһŨԹɷҶ̲ס·𿴵ݴ½һʵŭԹֱ񷡣
Ȼ̷ĿľȡЩѪҺ
Ҫ޾ѪҪʲôҶдɻ󣬼ɨƽݴ½ϵİ񡢷ʥ
ȴǵ֪Ѫ֮⣬Ҳ½ѪףҶһװѪ
ʱҶ컳ɣݴ½İ񡢷ʥǣҲɡ
ǷûУÿһ̵ľݵ㶼ӦһѪײŶԣأȴҵѪףѪأ
޴ڵĻ᳤ɫصظλǿߴѶ
˶һһ·ÿһ۹һ̵ľݵ㣬ҲмǧѪײŶԡ
ЩѪأ
ݴ½Ҷ½ʮλ񼶱ǿߣҲһʮλʥһʥĴɨ
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мϸҶĿ⣬ֲɨݴ½ÿһأȴûвκεĹ
Ѫײƾʧ̵˶ѾɱˣΨһĽ۱ǣݴ½УһȺˣ̵˺ЩѪףǲһطĳЩɸ˵ܡ
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ռЩѪĿʲôأʵ
ҶǵĿʲôؼ˭˵һڰǣ͵͵ЩѪףȺϸץ
޴ڵĻ᳤˵ͷҶ˵Ĳ֪λǷ񻹼ǵһϮݴ½ǸʱͬȺˣȴҸȼƤ·չֵز˵û˰ǣȻǲܵġ
ɫǳѿ̷չֵزȴһ֪
ϷЦòˣ̸ܹգݴ½˵Էͬһ㣬ݴ½Ҳֻܹõ
Ϸ˵գĿ޴ڡ̫衡ս޼ɨ
˶ǰ׳գ֪Ϸڻǡ
Ҳ֪˵еҪѱ鲼ݴ½ص̾ݵѪߣôǵ϶ñ鲼ݴ½زС
޴ھܹõ
սִƵʥͬ鲼ݴ½
̫ΪϹʱܹ칬⣬Ҳݴ½ǿȻӲ⡣
нʥ޳ɽׯıǳҲǱ鲼ݴ½
ȻڻҪһҶˣҶչصЩ꣬Ҷ˵Ҳ鲼ݴ½
ڳ˶ỳҶ죬ΪҶǼϸĻֻҪ֣ȫͳݴ½
ԣ˵Ŀ⣬ʱ۵̫衡޴ڻ᳤ս޼нʥ޳ϡ
ս޼һ¥ۻΪսҷ𣬶Ҳѡʱ򷢶ϮҵȴΪսҾٰⳡʢ磬ȫ뿪ݴ½Ÿ̴Ļᡣ
ս޼ò˵Ļ󡣡
Ҷüͷһ壬ȴû˵ΪѾ϶ȺϸܾܿЩ֮УսҵĻ

Եĵɣս޼Ե÷ǳŭŭȵʲô˼𣿱ˣ㣬Ϸ磬̫衣ǵǺһ𣬻ħĵǹħ棬ҪɱҶ죬ءҪ˵ЩߣħӹˣŻ󡣡
̫衡Ϸɫʱ
Ϸߵֻǰҽ֮Ĺѣ㵱ʱҲˣҽǴ֮ء
ҲǣֻǶѡߵ
أ̫衣̫һֱΪأҲΪǿ󣬶㵱ҲҪɱҶߡս޼ض̫衡
̫ɫǳѿߵķۺ;𣬶ҲǾϵңڴ֮ǰҸ֪ߺҲˡ
һ֮ʣ˭ţս޼м
˵ʲô̫衶ʱŭǿϢڳһ˶ܵһɿֲѹ
̫ս޼֪ʲô̫;칬ϹʱѣԼɾ칬ƿݴ½̫Ļ󣬰иݴ½Ͼ칬ҳһжݴ½أô̵ܰˡ
һ˶𾪣û뵽̫Ȼְ
ʱ򣬼λ֮·ػߣִҲͷ˵һ㣬ǿ֤
λػߺִ߶ά֮·򣬰ݴ½źǿߣǵĻ˻Ƿǳεġ
ңҶǾ칬ʥӣֻҪȥѯػϣʱȻһ
ԣ̫衲ѡ
λǿһ㡣޴ڵĻ᳤ʱ˵ֻҪ֪̻ᷢϮȻǰԼµݴ½أʱһѪףܹһģһʥضõ
Ե˵ͷôһڳ˶лɣݴ½ÿһܹõһ㡣
ָܹ̻ʵôʵҲӦò֮²ŶԣĴڡ
ҶԣĿһһɨǹɢǿƣúܶ˸еսս
Ҫ֪ȡϷǿߣҲݴ½ĵһˡ
˭ֻҪҶĳ֪ǾһϾɱնݳߣҶ˵գ˲ʧԭء
һ˶ʱ˿漴Ҳһһȥ
ݴ½ܵǰδеشɳǿȥ۹ά½԰
޴ڡʥˡ̫Ϊ׵һڴʱһѲӣʼݴ½Ѱû̵©֮㣬ܹ̽Ǹϸ䡣
ҶԼҶ˵ҲУһҶʥ̴ӡ
Լ˷֮صڡ
ҶڶˣʱֻһССʡ
˵Ҷܹݴ½֮رǳ㡣
ɨݴ½ţҵõһ޵СķţΪʱǿš


1018 ̽
֮ء
Ҷ˺ѿռ䣬һ̤˽ȥʱҰԪ棬һҶ죬˵һϯҪҶ졣
ߣ
Ҷ״м֮ɫһµͬˮһ㳯˷ɢȥеԪȫɢڵء
뵱꣬Ҷڷ֮أǱЩԪ׷ܣû
ڣЩԪҶУѾֻһȺ϶ѣֶǡ
ƺܵҶĿֲȺԪǷ׷ߣ˵档
Ҷ˫Ŀɨȥʱ֮ص棬ɵĴ֮£һڿѪףԪϳ
ߣҳҶͺһ˫һһڿѪ׶ʱƯС
ʱ֮صϿգһڿѪף˿ǵ𺳲ѡ
ʲôıȫٵҶЦ̧־ͳѹȥɫƸ񷣬ƴޱȣɢſֲ
̫֮ƣ
Ҷͺȡ
¡¡ЩѪףʱȫԪɳһһߴĺɫˣأϢ硣
ǽɫƣȻɫ˾ֵסˡ
ţҶһͬһ㱬
ɫľˣҲڴ˿۾ɫħ⣬˺ѿռ䣬Ҷֱ
䣡
ʱһɿֲħӺɫϱϯ֮ء
ħ棡Ҷɫһ䣬ħϤˣħ档
ͽ̫ƤˣΪʦ˼ʮԪ棬ôܾٵɫ˵ˣħ
Ҷɫһ䣬ħ棬ⶫƵӡ
ôܣħҡͷЦȻˬǾ϶õķӡɲô׾ƽġȻͽÿռ䷨ΪʦôΪʦˡôֻҪΪʦϾ͸ν񾳽硣
ΣҶһʩչ˻ȭ㳯ħɱȥ
ɫ漴ȭֵ˵ȭͷڰײһɿֲ֮ضڲ
ݴ½ߣܵһɿֲ𶯸УһЩ񡢷ʥ׷׳ŷ֮
ǿҶԳֵĺɫ˺󣬶ʱ𾪲ѡ
ԭЩԪ涼ħŪġ
Ҿ˵ĪؾȻôԪ档
ħ治ƾЩԪƽķӡ

һݴ½ǿ۷׷ס
֮УҶͺɫ˴÷ǳңƬ綼Ҫˡ
ħ磬Ҳ磬ԲôĲʵ
ͽûõģΪʦ磬սκβΪʦħЦ
Ҷɫκβħ棬޷̤ħƺ񾳽綼ӡˡ
ȻħȻӡˣȴŽܵϵ
磡ҶչԼ磬ӳȥҪɫС
Ȼ޷ӽɫˣչȥͺɫ˱źܴľ롣
ǺǣͽɲŶ绹̫Сˡħ漥
ߣռ֮Ҷһ۶ʱɫ
ţħһʱܵΣգûжܣǽҶۡ
һ̣һɫĹɫ֣ħʱȫ¶ã˼붼ˡ
ȥɣҶһ˻ȭ̫֮ƣһ£ǿֲܣɫ嶼ûˡ
䣡
һ죬ɫ˵Ӵñˣ͵ըѿΪԪ棬ӽ˿ռ֮У׵ʧˡ
ͽúñſռ䱾ԴΪʦȡģħ˷
ҶɫһƬƬ֮Уɱħ档
ߣ
һ̣Ҷһ̤գħ磬ħǵϿա
ħǶǿյֻˣ˵һˣʶ
ˣޣħ档
˺ޣҶ춼ħ棬ȴ飬䣬ͬĺڰߣֻԼ֮ϣԲ
ˣּˡ
Ҷ̤ħǣǣޣЦݵسǰ
磬ǵ޲Ц˹Ҷ֣Ҷ첻ɵ΢΢һЦ
ˣЩ귢̫ı仯˵ǰֻ΢е츳Ļôڵ㣬Ѿ츳ˡЦ˵
ҶЦ˵ǰ˵Цˣ֮壬ʣ͵츳˿
Ҷ֪ǰˣħһ棬ħһ棬Ǹڰϵħ棬ħиļ塣
ħʶħ棬ռ˼Ҳɱ䡣
һħһʥ
ħǸˣҶҲҿ϶
ǺǣԳЦЦ漴֮̾ȷǿ󣬿ϧϷʹã̫˵ţȻ츳ԽԽǿħҲԽԽǿ߻ħ䵽أ㶼ݴ½ذ
ǰǧԱݴ½ǳҪ㣬ȵڰ񹥽ƾǺѵֵҶæ˵
Ҫ֪ħھ񼶱ɱɹôܹһȼֻ̫⡣
ȻħɱʧܣһħǶݴ½˵ѡ
ǺǣģҪͷˡЦ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ʵǰ޷񾳽磬ǲû汾Դ⣿
ȷˣҪ񾳽磬Ҳܼ򵥣ȥǾ칬ˡ˵գתȥ
칬
Ҷ΢΢һҪס˵ʱ򣬶ԷѾʧˡ
Ҷǰһ˺ɫǰħͬ߸ϵĺڰħ񣬸˵ڸһֻϡ
񾳽磬Ҳҡħ˵
Ҷ۾һУ֣ħ沢ûܵڰĿơ֮ǰħ棬˵ħ棬˵Ǻڰ
ڰе㣬Զǹ¶ģñ˳ĺڰԨʵڰԨгٵˣʼֻһҶؿħһۣ漴תȥ
ںڰħ棬üͷ΢΢һ壬˳˼
뿪ħ磬Ҷٴ̽һ֮أֱѪȫʧ֮뿪˷֮ء
׼ħأȴһǿ赲棬ȥ
ûõģԽǿԽܽħءʥҲҪһ־Ѫܹ룬ڵʵѾȼˣȥнٶ£Ҷ˵
ҶŻȻǾõ󷨣Ϊ˷ֹħսߡ
ôʲô˵
ûУҶҡҡͷ漴һǰ׼ػϡ
˵칬԰񾳽磬֪ǲģҶڴ


1019 λ

ıΪҶͶλǿߣټĻع飬ʹԽԽǿҲǵǸһλСطˡ
һ·˲ƶҶ쿴˲ʥǿߣзʥҪôǶѣҪôˡ
ϾҲݴ½һʱǡ
ҶڱҶ˵һ˸棬Ȼ١
ԾҶѾϤıʮ˹ˣ֮еľ칬
ǾĵطɣҲȥһʶûз֣ǳȴû뵽һλ޵š迴űʮ˹Ц
Ҷ΢΢һЦǰıʮ˹ȷǳ󣬾ÿÿ𶼸оЩ˼顣
˵Լĳɾͣ޷硢ٻеһ꿡ţڶȡ˷ǳߵĳɾ͡
ңڵıʮ˹Ѿܶˣٹ꣬ͻᵮʥǿˡ
ػϣ
Ҳ߶ųˣǺǣ
칬⣬ҶͶ˵
ʱ칬ĴԶ򿪣һͷ׷̤ն˲ҶͶǰ
ػϣ
ҶͶǰ񣬶λ칬ĸ߲㣬˷ǳ𾴡
ػ϶Ŷͷ漴Ҷ죬ϵ۾ʱο֮ɫ޵Ϊ̫ʥʥʱ˵ʵϷ㲢ûбϣΪԺӣϷҲĳɾޣû뵽ȴǿˣܺãܺãܺã
һܺã˵ػ϶Ҷ⡣
ҶоЩܳ칬ô꣬ػϻǵһγ
ңҶʱҲػϵΪǰεĸֻ֣Ѫ˥ܡɿݵڻˣԪѾˣּ֧ʮꡣ
Ҷһ̾¶һ˿˸С
ػƺӦҶ뷨Ц˵Ϸһ̫ˣȥЩˣֻһֱĲ¾칬칬ǸִƣϷ򳹵׷ˡ
ϡҶһȴ˵
ػϰ˰֣漴ӻȡһ߲ξ壬ɫضҶ˵ãǾ߲񾧣Ǿ칬ι֤ӽ쿪ʼǾ칬ĵضʮλˡ
ʲôҶ𾪣漴æ˵ϣҲôᣬôܳΪ칬Ĺ
ʵһǾ칬Ĺݴ½λ֮ˣִƾ칬ִݴ½ͳߡ
µһ˵λã
Ȼ˵ҶѾµһ˵ʵλãǸоЩء
ϾܹλõˣҲ
᣿ػЦҡҡͷߵ磬һǿΪ𣬴ΪȣڵʵȼѾʸλˣڵľ칬㻹˭ʸѵϷҲĿ𣿡
ҶԳĬˣƬ֮ᶨص˵ͷ߲񾧡
ϣİɣһʧġҶĿ⣬һͬеĽǳ貺ͳҡ
һԸпѣ֪֮ݴ½ӭʱ
Ҷִµʱ
ڴ֮ǰҶȻʵ޵Уݴ½ĸǿҲֻǼɵʵѣ󱲣ȴûжٷϡ
ڣ˾칬ݣݴ½Ҳû˸뷨ˡ
ΪϹʱٶ꣬칬ݴ½ף칬ĹµһˣѾˡ
ݼػϼҶ߲񾧣ɫʱޱ࣬ضҶһ
𣡡Ҷæػϡ
ݼҲҶ񣬾칬Ĺ½԰ݣԹγɵϰߡ
ҶЦŷ衣
֪ӽ쿪ʼԼݴ½ףǰǸɵľ칬ʥˡ
칬λãĲȨλΡ
ҶΣǽ칬ػݴ½ͬһιһ²ΪΡ
֪Ǻ⣬ڻǴͥʱΪݴ½кܶûнػ˵˵֮ʱҲû֮ǰԳԾˣΪҶѾΪˡ
ϣ˵ҪΪ񣬾ҪͥҶ
ػϵ˵ͷ˵֮ͥУӡһ·̤·ִյ㣬ȻлԵΪ񡣡
ĻôڵȷǴͥʱ˵ͷ
ҶҲ˵ͷ˵ߴȺޣһħʥħ֮䣬֪Ρ£ݴ½ǿߣ̤δ֪Ĺ·
գҶԶ˵Ϣұܣȳ׽ݴ½ҵٴͥ·
֮˵ͷ
Ҷ漴ػϣʵϣ񱩷սӡŲ޵Ĺŵأ֪٣Ҫ𣬲ٵĻᡣ
ЩŵأǾ칬мأŵͼͶ֪ˡػԣ΢΢һЦóһŹϵĵͼҶ졣
Ҷ쿴֮󣬶ʱĹŵأһʮȥǺͱս֮ǰͷްȵһʣʮ
ҹҲжǵϵǿߣжС˵
Ҷ˵ͷȥϵ޴ڻ᳤£ڰ֮еһˣɨƽЩŵء
֮˵ͷ漴˺ѿռȥ
ػҶ˵׼ʲôʱٿλ䣿
ɨƽЩŵ֮Ѹ¡Ҷ˵
ػԵ˵ͷ
Ҷػϣȥʮ˹˿Լĸĸͼˣǡ
Ѿˣľѩõ˶ദĺܺá
ҶҷչķǳѸͣӵǶѾչˣҳ˺ܶš
ڣҶĸףϴ峤ԼҶȵҶҵĸ߲㣬˿Ѿÿǽ̵һº󱲵ӣҶѾһƹˡ
ҶڼҴһ£ӵ޴ڻ᳤Ϣ޳ǡ
һΣûҶ޳ǣ޴ڵĻ᳤Ѿӭˡ
ȻѾλ᳤Ҷλ칬Ϣˡ
ݼ޴ڻ᳤Ҷ죬æ
Ҷ̧Ц᳤ض۱֣ɱҸߵ̫ˡ
޴ڻ᳤ЦЦ漴̾ҸʦݼǾ칬ʢʱ򣬹񼶱ǿ߶ʮλʥ洦ɼݴ½ʥءתۼʮȥȴѾ׺ɣһжˣ
κλԻͶûʷĳ֮УֻҪ̴ڣ칬ֵĻԻʢҶŵ˵
޴ڵĻ᳤˵ͷһ첻Զˡ


1020 ŵ
޳ǣ޴ڵĴӪ
Ҷ޴ڻ᳤ʱ򣬷ֶ衢Ϸ硢а֮ӡ޳ǳ⼸˶Ѿˡ
޴ڵĻ᳤˵˶Ҫ죬ɨƽŵأǼ֡
Ҷ˵ͷҲ˲ǹ¼ҹˣһĶҪݴ½Զˡ
գҶ޴ڵĻ᳤˵᳤޴ڻҪҲȥˡ
޴ڵĻ᳤ûм֣˵ͷ
Ҷ漴ˣŵصͼȥ˵ιŵ֮УΪ·һ·һˣһ·ǿѸɨƽЩŵأλ𣿡
Ҷ飬˶ҡҡͷûκ
Ҷʵǿȫһ֮ɨƽŵأΪ·һ·ٺòˡ
ǼֻҪ񼶱ǿߣҲһ·ƣκ⡣
»ߣ޳
ûϵʱϵҶ˵һ㣬ģʵȼ˲ƵٶҲǳֲϾпռ䷨
£˲ٳɣΪ·ǰͼмصĹŵء
Ҷڸ޴ڵĻ᳤ʦѪħʥ֮УҲյͼϵļأǰһŵء
ݴ½һؾ˵ʥȥĿܣŵرؾĺġ
ҶʵֱײֱӵִؾģȻػ󷨡̤ƬӡĹŵء
Ҷ쿴һưܲľ޳ǣȻѾˣΪ˷棬ȻĻԻ
ͬʱҶ濴ʬǣеѾʯ˻ʯˣǳӲ
ϧˣ
Ҷһ̾
֪ŵص̫Ѿɱˣʱ仹ں֮ǰ
ţϢͻȻҶ۾һΪڲԶǰܵ˲Ϣ
Ҷ˺ѿռ䣬һ̤˹ȥ
һƬȺɽһǧǾסڵ£Χ֣ڸǵϢ
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Ҷ̽ӶµʱλϰҲӦˣ˲ƶ˵֮䣬ѾһǹҶȥǿɱֱ͸񣬷ǳֲ
Ҷ΢΢̾ŵص̫壬Ϊսһǳֲ
ȻҶǰȴԵòһ
Ҷֻһȭǰǽɫȭâ㽫ϰˣ⻹Եʡ
˻ȭ壡ϰȻϳҶ˻ȭʱ־ϲΪ񼶱ȻԻΣȴѧ˻ȭ
ǰǴݴ½ӭ»صݴ½Ҷ쿴ǰϰ񣬷ǳ𾴵˵
ݴ½صݴ½ϰԣʱһᣬǿһҲǼӿֳˮ
ˣһսһ䣬ǳҲزסֻʣﹶӲдֶ֪ܹá
ڣȻҶĻ
ˣʵȷǿλ񡭡ϰ񼤶֮󣬺ܿ侲˵
û˵꣬һǿϢѾҶϱ˲ϯŵأƬضڶ
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ǰȻûн񾳽磬ʵѾȼˡҶ˵գһֱ̤޵ϳһ̫֮ƺɱ¡
ʱŭ𣬳ǧޱҶһƺɱ
𣡡
𣡡

ͷ񼶱ŭ
ҶΣ壬ƽӶ˻ȭɱȥµѪϯء
壿ȻҴϳһް
ɱþûгԵּѪˣǻ
ǹ㣬ҵ鲻ƳǳأܣǾͻ޾Ѫԡ
û취ЩѪ̫óˣʵ̲סˡ

ͷްȫûаҶΪǸӦҶҲֻǰ񾳽磬Ķ֡
⼸ͷް۳Ѫ⣬ҶʱɷⱬŭȵͷҲǡ
˵գҶҲʵһٱֲ罭Ƶֹӡ˫ǰƳ
ֻأ
Ҷ𣬿µܣʱǰƵȥ
ͷ񼶱𾪲ѣæֵȫ屬飬Ҷһ˲ش
ôܣӺϹϰ񣬶ʱȻ
Ҷ˿̾һ޵еĽɫսսȫ罫ŵضˣûһͷ޿ѡ
ǰȥʣµޣܷһҡҶһ漴ɱȥ
ϰʱû뵽Ҷʵôǿѹеһɱŵء
£ϰֶԸʣµЩޣڰ񼶱ʵǰЩ޸޷ֵȫһߵɱ
ͷסҶ켸УֱܿҶ壬Ȼڴ壬ԴķѵԽԽ졣
ȥᱻҶɱġ
ң֣ǸӲߡ

һߣ衢а֮ӡ޳Ϸ硢ǳˣҲڹһŵء
ŵֻλ񼶱ޣǶ˵Ķ֣ܿͱɱˡ
ϧǣŵصѾˣֻεǰһŵء

ͬʱҲżλ񼶱ޣڹһŵء
ûеͼԻҪѰҹŵأչǳ
ֱҶ߹ŵأǲŴһŵأÿһŵأõİ񶼷ǳࡣ
ϾЩŵ֮УһռƵġ

ʱԶݴ½һƬ¿ռ֮УһȺ˽һڿѪ״򿪣ѪһѪ֮С
ޱߵɷŨԹʱռ䡣
ˣڵȵһˡ
ΰа棬ӭĽ٣
ݴ½עΪа̵£ԶʱĻԻͣٴ֣

а̵ķʥһλа̵İվѪǰ֮ɫ
Ѫ֮Уһ޴Ľɫָǣɢҫ۵ĹâŽѪصѪʹĹâԽԽ財
꣬а»֪ҹħаܵصģΪ˵õаָǣҲòôа̵İЦ
ôûʲôֻҪܹа棬˶Ҳϧһλʥ˵
а棬Ƿǳݣе
ȻаѾ䣬־ԶֻҪȡһа֮ӵľѪǾаػˡа̵ĽЦ
һλʥü˵а֮ӻӦ𣿡
϶ģΪҲҪԼĸףа֮ٸһУܾġа̽˵
λʥ˵ͷ漴Ѫأڴ
Ѫ֮У޾Ѫ£ǸɫָԽԽҿʼѪ⡭


1021 ƽ
ʱ䣬գۼ
һŵ֮УҶһ̫壬ǰݴ½ǵĽ£Ǳصʬ壬һ̫壬г˼˷ܡ
ѾҶŵĵŵˣЩŵ֮Уŵ̫壬ʣµŵص̫ȫˡ
ǱҲϢѾŵأֻһŵ̫ڡ
ʣŵˡҶ찵뵽
ݴ½֮Ѷ޴ڵĻ᳤Щ̫壬׼ǰһŵء
ڴʱ贫˽Ϣ
ˣŵߣǿֵסˡǳ
ռ֮Ҷû˿ԥʩչռ֮ٳŶڵŵ˲ƶȥ
ŵصĿռ䣬޾Ķ֮£Ҷϵ˵أһͷ˽ȥ
ڶĺ֮£Ҷܵһɿռ䲨˲һ˲ƶȥ
һ̣ҶһƬĮϿգΧɳĮޱ޼ʣףȣ¶Ⱥܸߡ
òĻҶ찵ľȻĹŵشڣ֪Ƿ̫档
£Ҷ˷չȥܿ͸ܵܶϢкܶ޵Ϣ
һ޳ǣɳĮϿգڳҶܵʮɰ񼶱Ϣǧ̫塣
ʱһȺޣųǡ
ʮλϳ֣ǿסߣһѹŴ⻹ûпħ򣬷Ͱˡ
û뵽ŵ֮УȻ̫ռƣʮλ񼶱ǿߡҶ찵ϲ
ôĹŵأȫһռƣ⻹һο̫ռء
£Ҷ쳯ž޳˲ƶȥ
ʱ߰ڲ֮ϣֳ񽣣ħ죬ÿһӳλǿߵ飬а֮Ҳ޷⡣
ʮλ񣬹ͬЭа֮Ӵ߶ħʹа˸貿ֲԡ
ϧȴǽ߶žħ¶һ˿ź֮ɫ
ѾħҲħ죬ǳʺãϧǽվЩ
ڻͷüȵ
棡һЦһͽǹɺƴƥĽâħɳȥɱ衣
̫֮ƣ
ؼʱ̣һǽɫӡӶͷϿճ֣ӭǵƥĽâ֮ײһ𣬱˿ֲܡ
Ҷ죡
ˣ߶ʱɫһ֪Ҷû뵽ô죬ֱ˼顣
Ҫ֪ЩŵؾԶҶ쵱ʱһŵأҲô졣
ϧ֪ռ֮ĹܣֻΪ˽֮⣬ܡ
ʵϣռ䷨ĻҪ࣬ҶĻҪ࣬Ҫ
䣡
֮УҶһ̤˳񣬱ȾħҪŶ߿ȥ
𣬹Ҷһߣֲ֮£γһɺƴƥĳһȺ޶ɳȥ
ߣͬһߣ֮ײһõŵضڲԶľ޳ǶҡΣضһѿˡ
Զʮλ̫𾪲ѡ
˭Ȼܹһս̫𾪲ѡ
Ц˵λ˽Ҷ죬ݴ½ĿǰĵһţҲǿߡȻûн񾳽磬ѾԺһսõ˵˻ʵĴС
Ҷõ˻ʵĴУһ̫ʱȻ𾴣˵˻йϵˣǶҪ𾴡
ʱҶѾ˻ȭսһ˴÷ǳңֻܺˡ
裬뿪Ҷ촫裬漴ųϽ֣ѹȥ
üͷһ壬Ҷʵ಻󣬵Ҷȴѹһǳơ
Ҫ֪񰡣飬ȻŴαһѹţʵ̫˷ŭˡ
Ҷ죬ƣߵĴһֽʥϵ޶սСУȻ˺ѿռȥˡ
֪Ҷս˷ʱ䡣
ҶҲû׷ߣֽʣµĵͼ޶Ȼصݴ½

ݴ½ԭǹޱߣǰʱ̵ܵϮʧ࣬Կյطǳ࣬޴ڵİ£Щ̫嶼õԼ
˵ܹݴ½ǣʲôˡ
࣬Щ̫Ե÷ǳأҪ󲻸ߣֻҪгԵģסĵطͿˡ
Ҷݴ½ϻһ飬Щ̫嶼ס֮Űĵ뿪ˡ
̫壬Ҷǳ𾴣޴ںúðǣǧЩܵ˿ίǿݴ½ںһ
峤ˣ
峤ִȥˣ춼ʲôջ񰡣
峤Ҽ޶ˣ¡

ݴ½һȽƫƧСɽ壬һȺΧһӣ֮ɫ
Ӵһ£մ˻ҳҲֿܴ񣬵һ˫ڵӣȴϵǳҪ
ƽȴ޷ӣȺ֮УҲǹעĽ㡣
ԴĴ峤С
صԼļңСһͷкԼӣӡ
أ
ǴʲôóԵ𣿡
ӻͷԣҶкǳɰ߸˵زС
Сг˴Ȱһʰһ߸Լӽ¡
¯Եĸ˿һĻ¶ҸЦݡ
СӶɼҵˣֻڸʲôԶĸ߿УҶ漴任ΣΪһ׷ߣһ
ҶѾģǹϤϢȴı䣬СһӾϳˡ
ʦʦ𣡡Сȵؿİ׷ߡ
СǷһУ쳾𣿡Ҷһ߶ŪСкһЦ˵
үүӺó
үүͷҲܳ
СкһҲҶİˣһץĺӵǧһקͷЦš
СӼˣҲ²;ߣ˽
Ҹһ£ʦ𣡡С˵
ʦ𣡡СǰҲ˵Сһʦ⻹һμأֻǰ˷ǳͰף˿
Ҷ쳯˵ͷСֻһͨˣеΪҲֻʦ磬Сʥ̫Զˡ
ҶЩɻ󣬲û˵ǵȵһ˳극źСȥߡ
ʦҷЩ˵ǳƽƽ֮УȴֳΪԴΪʵһС˵
Ҷ˵ͷЦ˵ĲǷˣǣʵһģ࣬Ҳֻдﵽľ磬ӵ޵Ż᲻һɡ
ʦ귲Ȼټ׷С˵
νʦţпˣ·ʼҪԼȥԡҶ˵ͷ漴˻ʵ񽻸С
Сʱ𾪲ѡ
ǵ˻ʵһ֮ܽ񾳽硣ȫ׼֮󣬾ɣúһ뿪ݴ½һʱ䣬ʱҪػݴ½Ҷ쿴С˵
С˵ͷ


1022 
СҶǸп״ӵУġ
ңοС֮Ҷ췢СľߵĿ£ӵֿµľûƿֻҪʵˣҲˮɡ
ѹֶ˵ӵг֮ĵˣ׽񾳽磬˵˻ʵСԺĳɾͱӲˡ
С֮ҾͿ԰ĵ뿪ݴ½̤ӡĹ·ˡҶ찵뵽
Ҷ쳯ű˲ƶȥҪ׼ٿ칬ļλˡ
ͬʱѶͽ̻ԼĶҶʥǽҶ˵һڸ߲ر칬
Ϊ칬ĹҶȻܹ¼ҹһЩҶ˵ĸ߲㣬׼Ϊ칬洫ӺŵӣҶ˵ˣǾǾ칬ŵӡ
⣬ҶҵһЩӢҶҲ׼ս칬
ȻЩ鷳飬ҶֻҪԸȥˣȻҶ˵˰׵ֻҪȴĵˡ
ڽӵҶ֮󣬽̫ɽҶ˵Ѹ£ʱݴ½˷ڡ
𾪡
ԴϹĩһս֮󣬾칬һֱţڣҪֻԻͣһͳ£ˡ
֮漴׷ɳʹߣźصǰ
һЩɢǿҲĽһЩ۹ĹҲɳʹ߳ʹ칬
Ҷ˵ˣڽ̫ɽơҶʥ̵˵ͳ˧֮£ʼӭЩʹߣҸǰסȴЩﵽ
ݴ½һƬڣ˶ڴһĵݴ½ʷԵʱ̣ᱻԶݴ½ʷС
һЩţҪ칬ȴ֪칬ԺֻȡԺʥϵš
һٶȴʹúܶżԺЩҵԺʥϵţ׷ǰ칬׼μӿˣ칬
ܶҡͷһ칬벻ʢС
༸ǧ꣬칬ûҶ죬Ҳܹͳ˧ݴ½ˡ

λ׼һʱ䣬һ󣬾칬ʼЩصʹǷȺ۲μⳡ䡣
칬Ϊ޴ںϴսҾٰ¥ۻһվֱЩûʸμӴߣҲܹһʱ俴ⳡʢ¡
Ȼ칬޴Ҳ˺ݺݵش׬һʡ

칬һܵأҶľŶ
𴴳޵񹦣ѧԺǺĸ죬ʹ޵񹦽˹칦ֲס
γž칬׼ʱ䣬Ҷ㰲ڴŶֱŹ칦ڻͨųˡ
ʦ𣬴䶼Ѿ׼ˣʲôʱʼѾȺ⣬Ҷʱ˵
Ҷ쵭һЦһºɣ
һµʱ䣬㹻Щ񡢷ʥˣʥµǿߣѾ칬Ⱥ俪ʼˡ
̵˵ͷ漴˳ȥ
Ҷ򱳸˫֣̤նУѲž칬ڵһСг˸пǰľ칬ڵľ칬ľ칬
ľ칬ȻһĻԻ׳ۣȴû˿ԣȫһġ
ڣ칬ڵǷеľ칬ӵܣʲôȼĶУػҲͶơ̫ɽǻһ𣬰⣬ǣæһͷ
ҶЩȣ漴Ȼˣһ˿ˡ
Ȼػ֪ԼԪˣⳡھ칬ʢµУԼһӣػһӵĵط
Ҷ˷ǳ𾴣ػ˾칬ػ˱ʮ˹ػ
ûػϴڣôƽʮ˹Ӳôȵķչ
֮ǰϯ£ʧȥǱȴһǿ߶̤㡣
һУΪػϡ
׼𣿡ػϿҶ쵽ɵЦŲϵףһȴԵú棬˸ż˷ܡ
Ҷ΢Ц˵׼ˡ
ػЦŵ˵ͷ漴Ҷ첢УѲ칬
칬ĵӼǣ׷׹
ػϿһУЩп˵·ֻص칬ʢʱˣʱҲŸոսػ֮λΪҾٰʢ䣬Ⱥۣ˿
ҶܹʱʢΪǸʱڻҪʢʥ洦ɼ񵽴ߣҲ
ʱҴң׺ɣ˷ǣ񻷹ݣֻʣһϼһˡػ漴̾
ҶĬػϻʱ̫Զˣֻ޴ڵĻ᳤ܹʤˣϧ˲һʱģԺн
㱼䣬Ҷ뵽ԼҲȵһꡢʮ꣬ǧԺ󣬵һ̤ݴ½ҲҲҲһˡ
Ǹʱľ
Ҳػڵɣ
ǿߵĵ·ǹ¶ģ̤֮۷壬£ȴоһƬİ
°ػһ̾գʧ
ҶǲϵıӰһ̾

һº

Ӿ칬칬
һ칬ӣʱ˷ܣһ֮
һЩصǿߣҲ׷׵
칬ʱΪڵĺޱȵͺ䶯
ǵҶڸ߸ߵλʱ칬ʱһƬڣ칬ĵǻ˷ܡ
ݴ½һλλͷʥ˿Ҳؿλϵˣ޲˸̾
ᣬͳΪµһˡ
һٶɣʱ֪أ
һٶ갡ڷ֮ʱ˭ܹһ졣
£޵С
Ű

һǿ߸̾ѡ
ߣҲ̾Ŀг˳ݡĽ
һ̣ҶΪݴ½Ľ㣬ƽλ֮ϣȴе̫Ȼʧɫ
һƣһִơ
䣡
ڴʱһаֲϢݴ½ĶϷϯݴ½ϿգƬضڶ
ţҶʱվڵӣ貵â
Щ񡢷ʥǣҲվ̧ͷȥüͷ塣
ǶܵһǿаϢֲֿϢƺҪ¡
ռ֮Ҷͺȣ۶ʱɵɫһĻ𾪵Ļ棬ʱ֮С
ݴ½ĳأһѪ֮߳һߴӰɢһɿֲаϢޱߵħϯ硣
ݴ½ڲ
ǡҶɫ䣬漴˺ѿռ䣬Ǹط˲ƶȥ
ǿϢаϢ⵽˭ս޼ȻҲ˲ƶȥ
İͷʥǣҲǹϢĿֲ׷˲ƶȥ
ĿɿڴǼ̫ͣûвǹɿֲϢֻоԼµĴظղŲ˼¡


1023 а渴
ΰѪ֮һ߳ĸߴƤֹͭɫ˽ʸУһ˫նӣ·ʧȥеɫʣֻʣ޾ĺڰԨ
һа̵ӣſڵϣΰӰĤݣĿгȡ
а֮ӣԶа̽ǰˡ
а֮ӴʱؿѪԱߵΰӰ̫Ϥˣһжûб仯·ͬ֡
ף𣿡а̲֮ס૵
а֮ӣа̽ٶȽе˵аֻʣıܣûκεʶҪа֮ľѪǣٻаĲս꣬Ż¸

а֮һ˲侲ˣĿؿа̽ҸĿԸƭң֪³
а̽˵ҵ踺ô꣬Ϊıһ죬ƭ
а֮˵գȻ׼ԼľѪڴʱһϤӰ˺ѿռ
Ҷ죡
а֮üؿˡ
Ҷٿλ䣬Ϊа棬Բûȥģֻû뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼˡ
а֮ӣҶͬüͷһ壬ǵǰѪغ󣬶ʱɫɱؿаһˣԭ̵֧̣˾а̣ãܺã
˵գһɿֲɱҶϯΧ¶ȶ
а̽Σ壬Ҷ죬ݴ½ߺһȺ޻ħֻ֮иа棬ܹһУݴ½ָƽҲΪݴ½롣
Ϊݴ½
ҶŭЦҧгݣضа֪̽һݴ½˶ˣ
ֻ֪һ첻ħ֮һ첻ݴ½ٲˣݴ½ֶΪа̽˵
ҲΪģҶ쿴а֮ӣĿ䣬еɱ⣬Ѿҽˡ
а֮ӳһԡ
Ǳݴ½ĳܲҶһǰ̤µϢֱ񷣬ǿɨһа̵ӾԲ
䣡
аֳ֮־ħҶǰضϵħֱ񷣬ֲ졣
ҪңҶа֮ӣ˵
һԣа֮ӳ˵ĿǽҶ졣
һа̵ӵͷҴһΧĿ֮Уһɽ֮ա
ֻа̽һȻ·ʤȯգû˿ġ
Ϊܹа棿Ҷһ˵
ܹа֮ҪԼ׵飬ΪЩа̵ܹа棬ϾûˣٻаսҲûá
а֮Ȼһԣ˵Уǡ
Զһа̵ԣԸо䣬̲ס˸
а̽۾һУû˵
Ҷа֮һۣ˵ͷãҴӦ㣡
˵գҶվһԣԶΰӰ
Ȼа棬ȴûֻ꣬ʣһ߿տǡ
ȴǳǿҶ찵𾪣Ա廹Ҫǿ౶塣
а֮˿ʼԼľѪȻ󽫾Ѫа̽ñʧ
֮䣬вɱ
а̽һЦģҵȲôŬЦ
£а̽а֮ӵľѪѪеһ֣Ȼʣһ֣ѪΧ̸Ըķš
ͬʱһа̵ߵѪǰԼĶԼѪһεѪء
а̽λʥҲˡ
һĻǳ죬аվѪԱߣľȻ㶡
ǧа̵Ѫ
䣡
䣡

ʱЩͷʥǣҲˣվԶ۷׷ס
аŪôĶúܶ𾪲ѣ컹Ҷλӡ
Ҫʲô
аܹ
ʼɣа̽Щ˷ܵغ
λа̵ķʥʱǰȥԴӻȡһѪ֮С
ҶüɫħʹʲôֻһɲõԤУԴ衣
ڰ޴ڣ׹Ԩ
ΰа棬ҵݳǵĵ桭
ٰɡ
а̽һа̵صΧգʼһһɹɷ򲨶˷ӳȥ
Ҷɫʱһ䡣
ԶİͷʥǣҲȵصɴ۾
ֻѪԱߵа棬ȻʢѪرſڣһѪɫҺѪ֮ӿĿС
а潫ѪеѪɵĸɸɾϵĹâԽԽ貣ҫ۶Ŀ
𣡡
Ȼа췢һŭҰ
ǿʱݣѵаıˡ
Ҷüͷʼղаᱻ򼸺ǲõ顣
ţа֮ӺȻ̧ͷ
Ҳ̧֮ͷ
ֻ߿У죬ħһƬѹѹģԵ÷ǳ̲סһѹָС
һѪɫĹͻȻаϳ𣬶˲񷣬˺ƣ޾֮С
Ѫɫ֮УǸܵ޾ѪϢһһݴ½ԹԪ
Ҷܵˣɫʱޱȵɱӿȡ
а̵һˣʱѾ˷ܵĻˡ
䣡
ڣڰ֮Уһɫʵʻ֮нٶ£а˶ˡ
ɫ֮УҶܵһ˿ϤϢĿһ˲ɫ䣬аȥ
ϵˣϿ֣Ҷ
һڰͷʥȻ֪ʲôԭ򣬵ǱܵѡҶ죬ͬʱа֡
а֮㶵ؿһĻûֹҲûаæ
ֻа̵һŭ;
ȻһжѾˣҶֱʩչϽ֣񷣬аɱȥ
һλλͷʥҲȫ֣һֲĹһ𣬻۳һɿֲĺ񶼲òɵĹа˶ûˡ
һȺϣаȻ俪ڡ
ôֲĹа۾һ˲䱬ɫâ˺ѿռ䣬һУĿһƬڰ
еĹҶϽ֣ȫаһȭɳȥ
ʱаһ̤գ񷣬һ̣Ѿ֮ˡ
ٻǺڰ񣡡Ҷŭ죬һȭͺа̽Ȼаֻ̽һЦ
ݴ½Ǻǣݴ½ĩաа̽ûеֵЦš
ҲĩգҶɱⱩǣһȭûκ˲佫а̽䱬
ȫʹа̽ûл塣
䣡
ڴʱ֮صϿգа浱ն˫ӡвţһɹͷ򲨶Ϊģ˷ϯ
ãֹҶɫһ䣬ƺ뵽ʲô
һڰͷʥҲǰ׳գȻаڸʲôҶ˲ƶȥ
а֮ӴʱҲ֮лָɫ˱䣬ɱֳ־ħһа̵ȫˡ
а֮ȴЩа̵Ӷ̵ĵӣѾˡ


1024 ҳ
Ȼ̵ˣ
а֮ɫǳѿ֪Լƭˣһƭķǳס
а̵ˣѾħƻˣͶ˺ڰ񣬱̵ˡ
νаֻ̣αװԼһտǶѣĿģٻڰ
Ҫųħ棡
а֮ɫͻȻ
ڰ屻棬ܽαٻҲֻһʶάֲ˶á
ԣûˣֱǰ֮ء
Ҫųħ棬ΪɨƽһУݴ½󷨡
£а֮Ҳŷ֮˲ƶȥ

ʱаգ˶ɢһƥĺɫϢһƬգһƬڰ
¡¡
һɺڰķ򲨶ӳȥݴ½ڲ
ԶԶ߳һڰͷʥļ
ԣҶڣ˶ܵһɳصѹȸУ·һ𲻿սʤ顣
ûõģǸ޷ֹ޴ڵĻ᳤ҡҡͷ˵
ʵ̫ˣһһļֱʥ֮Ĳࡣ
ҪǺڰΪ˼ȫͷųħ棬Ļɨƽݴ½ˡ
Բųħ棡
Ҷһа档
֪ħڵ״̬ܲȶʥħ֮ǻʱųþĲùһˡ
ңһųħ棬ڸû˿⡣
ôݴ½ĩվˡ
ռҶ۱ɫаʩչռҪа
Ȼһֱǳ˳Ŀռ֮һȴûκãǹǿķɣҶ˲䱬ըԴըˡ

Զһ˾ѣͬʱҲǳ
Ҫ֪ҶſʵУ˭ܹõ
ҶѸ壬ɫǳѿضа棬г𺳣ԼĿռ䷨Ȼˣռ֮Ȼһʧȥˡ
ΪԼĿռ䷨̫С
ҶһƬأаվû취϶Է̫ˡ
䣡
ڴʱаѾֹͣˣ˫֮۳һ޴ĺɫɢųҵĺڰ򲨶
ȫɺڰ۳ģȫʵʻķ֮
һ֮
⿴֮Ҷڵһݴ½ǿߣȫоڲ·ֻҪԷһǾҲֵסˡ
ס֣Ҷ
ߣаҶһЦ漴һŷ֮ȥʱƴƥĺɫâ˺أӲ˷֮󷨡
аһһѾаħˡ
󷨸ǿ󣬵ںɫķ֮£Ҳ޷ֵа֮󣬾ͱƽˡ
һݴ½ǿ𾪲ѣǿֹ󷨰Ȼɵˡ
аǰһħӡ֮أ߾ٺɫ֮Ƭħ֮ȥ
䣡
ӡ֮ؾһɫӰɢſֲϢаɱȥ
ǶͶӰȻѾȥܶˣΪ󷨵֧ţһֱ۷ս
͵ڼʮλǿ߰
ȻҲֻһһ֮󣬾ͻҷ
һڸݴ½ǿ߾ϲѣôһ˭ܹ⣿
֮þ
аɫһЩ߾ٺɫķ֮ٴһΣʱ̣ܶ˲ɡ
µһɲǣаеĺɫ֮ޱȳҵĹâһµĽâܼĽ꣬Ǽʮλ򴩡
һݴ½ǿ߶ʱͷţ⻹ô죿޷ֹ
ߣ
аЦһ߾ٺɫ֮ӡ֮ȥ
һΣκӡ󷨱һ顣
䣡
һöɫ˸ҫ۵Ĺâ·һɹɷĲɢǳŨ
ӺҶ죬ܹоԼʱɷٶ˰ٱֹڸûɷ
Ϊħĳ֣Զĸ߿֮УһΣվһߴħӰǾħ汻ӡʮ޵սꡣ
ħսЦ
϶վסҵġħսһɹǿѹ˷ɢȥ
ҶæˣħضڶеĸɽˮΪƽء
߿Уаֳֺɫ֮סħսĹȥ
ǵɫƥâ漴һɫ飬һյӣųĺڷˣɢһƥĺϢ
𣡡
һݴ½ǿ߾漴˷ܲѡ
ֻҶüͷһ壬֪Ϊʲôÿο𣬶ԷǱˣʩչεһߣȻǾıӰ
·ʲôطֻܿıӰ
ӦǾôģֻΪʲôΪʲôҪԼĿ˷֣
߿УаĿ⣬һü֮һ˿֮ɫ
ϤıӰѵܣѾ˼ˡаɻ֮ɫһ
䣡
ȻˣıȴͻȻ˾ɫ񶦣һƥܣסаµһ
ߣվֻûܹסҵĺڰ񽣣аһЦеĺɫ֮âǣµĽâգֱӱ˾ľ񶦡
һݴ½ǿ߶ʱɫһѵҲ޷赲
Ȼһ̣񶦣ͻȻںһ۳һ޴Ľɫ񶦣ɢŸӿֲܣס˺ɫķ֮
аɫһҲ˵Žɫȥ
Ȼ˼ʮҲֻýɫ񶦱ĹâһЩ
ֵܹزҲˡаѵ̾һ䣬ֻɫЩѿˡ
Զһݴ½ǿ߶ʱ¶Цݡ
վûдﵽ񾳽磬ܹɵĺڰޣԽڰ񽣵ȫӳ
аüͷһ塣
һ̣ϵĺɫâһһˡ
ʱ䲻ˣаһǰľҧҧҿεֵһУ
а˵գֱӳžȥϵĺɫâԽԽˡ
Ҷɫʱ䣬ź˴ߣҪԱˡ
һڰͷʥҲǰ׳գæ˲ȥѸ˳Ƭռ䡣
ҶҲ˲ȥͷһֻۣоһֲĺɫ籩Լӵһ˲֧鿪
䡭
ʱħضըƬŷ֮ضڲ
飬ѿһƬ췭ظĩվ
Ҷݴ½һǿߣվڷ֮زԶ֮УңңƬ֮ء
ķȥҲӳ
ȻеһУɢ֮һħӰӷ籩֮߳ڲ֮£ɢƥĺħ
ҳˣ
һ仰ȴݴ½¶ֱ඼һ̸ܵһļ¶


1025 
Ǹ߸ϣΨɽӵİħӰҶڵˣȫһɫ䡣
ħվǱųˡ
ҴҸа֮ɫѿض޴ħӰˣǵ÷ǳΪϹʱʱΪħ֮壬Ųòߡ
ңʱаҲͲڵа֮ˡ
ħ棡
а֮ŭ
еľħһ̱ǰδеĹâֲħϯء
аֳ֮־ħݺݵһħ棬ֲĵâЯŨķ֮ͬһ쵶նϲ񷡣
СģҶȵҲų˹ȥұħ
ħתͷа֮ӣǶʱһĨЦɭԭˣϧȥô꣬㾹Ȼ񾳽綼ṳ̂룬ͽܶ磬Ǻǣ
䣬һֲֻħƣ̫ͬž޴ɽ壬а֮ѹ
䣡а֮ӵľħݺݵ޴ɽ壬ǳҵĵâҪ˺ֻơ
Ȼһжͽ͵ģǾ޴ħƣޱߵħһӾ͸񷣬а֮Ӻݺݵ档
¡¡
ؾ𶯣һƬƬȥڵһ޴ӡ
а֮ӣѾǹɾ޴صˡ
˻ȭ
Ҷħʵһµĵزһȭħ棬ɫȭͷųҵĹâе̫Ҫҫ۶Ŀ
ħڵõĺɫâһ̤Цͽʵҵŵˣ˵գô
ȻѯʵħѾһƺɱǿֲħҷڣһӿȵĺˮŰ
ޱߵĺڰħһ̤硣
һ˲䣬ݴ½ƺ˺ڰеǷڵħգǲ񷡣
ݴ½ϵˣ˿̶ܵһĲе̲סſڵϣ
䣡
Ҷħȭһɿֲɢ;أһռ䣬ضգһƬĩվ
꣡
ͻȻһֻɫȭͷӿ񱩵֮гЯĿֲħݺݵһȭҶؿڡ
ڰħȭ
ħķն𶯣ֲħϯ磬ضںϣƬռķھҲ

ҶǴʥ屻߶˼£ֲĽɫѪȼ棬졣
Ȼֻɫħȭ̫£˿ֲӲҶؿڻһ󶴣һȭѪ
̫֮ƣҶҧ˫ħ棬޴Ľɫӡһһңħ˶ûˡ
ħأħ˵ȻڽߣһӶأͬһ̫žħ
䣡
Ҷ̫֮ħϣãħ̧һֻţ˲ͽҶȽ˵صףݴ½ڲ
Զһݴ½ǿȫһǿҶ̤ħ򣬾Ȼ˵Ĳһȫ޷ħв
ħڻûлָȫʢʱڵʵĻղҶѾˡ޴ڵĻ᳤˵
ԷǳһλǿߵĿ£ħѾ񣬳ɾ񾳽硣
ֻΪӡ̫ˣڻûлָȫʢʱڵʵһȭܺɱҶˡ
ħڳ۷ʵˣҲݴ½ǿ߿Կġ
ԶһƬûлָȫʵ˿£Ҫȵָʵ𸴻Ʋסˡ
ͽΪ칬Ĺʵ϶ڣ»ᱻ
ħŲȴأͷ񷣬һֻ޴ħֺصףҶ
ҶͻȻʩչ޵񹦣һΪһʩչ˻ȭһʩչŶ񣬳ħɱȥ
ֻ˫ɫȭͷų̫ҪҵĹâݺݵغħؿڡ
ǣɫ񶦣Ϊһ壬һޱȾ޴񶦣ħͷѹ¡
ȥɣ
Ҷ
Ѿǿսˡ
ȻħֻһЦ֮ɫмߵ̫ˣ
䣬һǿֲħȭɱƥħ纣ڵȭͷһڶһС
Ҷȥйڶˡ
һǾ϶ʩչЩ˼ɣ̫ˣħЦɫħȭӺڶ֮гһȭ˽ɫ񶦣ݺݵغҶϡ
Ҷʱѿǿʥ壬Ҳסһȭ顣
䣡
ûҶո壬ֱħħץסˡ
Ҷʱȫ¶޷ŭصħ棬Ҫʩչռ֮ȴΪڶԸаʱܵɣڻûлָ
ͽħץҶ죬ָԶʣֳֻ񽣣һȺ޴ƵȻ׼ûݴ½
һݴ½ǿӭϣȻȴûߵĶ֣նɱˡ
ⱻɱļ˵УҶϤĵǳɽׯĽʥмӹŵоȳ̫
Ҷ޳ˣΪһɱߣа֮Ӻ͵ȫ֣ҲᲽ׵ĺ󳾡
ħ棡
Ҷ۾ʱһƬ
ȻħֻЦš
ߴһɱֲ߲սݴ½
ȫһѡ
Ҷ쿴ԼĶҶʥһž޴̫ͼɱЩޣܿͱްΧˣ
һߣһݴ½İΧߣȴߵĶ֣ͬ
Ҷļ۾ͨ죬ɱڣȴ޷
䣡
ؼʱһɫӰӴϳ𣬶һȭȥǽɫ˫ȭսˣʮض𶯲
СҶʱϲӣû뵽Сʱ񣬳ɾ
񣬶һ˻ʵȤħ۾һУʱ¶Ц
ҶһΪС˻񣬽񾳽磬ҲħĶ֡
ԶĴսΪСĳ֣ȴõһݴ½İѳ
ѽȻʶСϤ˻ȭе˻ʽС
Сֳ˻ʽһ߻ӳǿֲƴĽɫâֱӽߺݺݵغɳȥѪ硣
Сһɨȥ޲ݴ½ǿתơ
ߣɫɱٶСһ
ݴ½İǣһȺʥȥɱЩǡ
Ҷ״˿ȴħ֡
ͽս㽻ˣȥһսħ˵գץҶ죬һ̤գűȥ
Ҷʱŭޱȣס֣ħ棡
Ҷʱˣо칬ĵӣļˡˣħɱˣһź
ǺǣĺˣɱЩû˿Ȥֻ뵱λ칬棬ֻٵ칬ǱԾ϶ԡħЦ


1026 
ħϮݴ½ϵ࣬ʱоһƬѹ·ĩ١
ڹؼʱ̣Сסߣֳ˻ʽâɣһϣ
ǿǸ߸ϵľ޴ħӰһݴ½ǿоѹһɽΪǷǳҶСʦͽҲħĶ֡
ʱǿħץҶǰʱ˶һ
ô죿޴ڵĻ᳤ɫ
Ҷ춼Ƕ֣˼Ҳסħ档ǳء
졢а֮ӡϷһĬˣǿħ棬Ǹ֪ô졣
ѵݴ½Ҫ˱
İֻҪٸһЩʱ䣬ݴ½ͻᵮܶ񣬵ʱħҵҲ޾ˡ
ô꣬ӭһԻʢȴ顣
ҲҪս
һھ콾Ƕܲġ
츳ǿֻҪʱ䵽ˣȻܹ񾳽磬Ҳǲܡ
ϧħôȫˡ


ħҶһ̤칬ÿһ·Խ˼ǧ˲ƻҪ죬ûã뱱ˡ
Զľ칬Ѿǰˡ
ħ̧ͷ΢΢һϤľ칬еҶɭЦͽǾͿ쵽ˣ󣬱˸߾϶ľ칬Ҹٵġ
ߣҶߣڸ칬ĵӺͱʮ˹ļǴѶǼ̳
Ȼħ˵˲ɱЩСϣħĻܹ
䣡
ڴʱħһŲ£һˡ
ħ棡Ҷ۾һɣŭ죬ȫ¶貵Ĺâȴʼħħơ
ǺǣһЩС߶ѣòô⡣ħ浭Ц
Ҷ˵Ϊղűħ죬ħһ֮£һı嶼ˣҲˡ
ǵˣħ˵
ҶתͷһʱˣΪѾھ칬ǰˡ
ʱкܶûг칬он̫ɽΪ׵һˡ
Ҷʱ۾ˡ
϶㿴𣿷ӡΣˣأ
Ҫٵľ칬ٵѪҺΣ

ǰϤľ칬ħͻȻЦ
ҶȴħһȭɳȥȻų칬޴ĺɫħȭſֲž칬ȥ
һ̣еĺˮգԶıʮ˹½Ĺѿˣض顣
Ȼħһȭþȫ
Ҷŭ𣬵ϧٶȸûħ졣
ھ칬ǰ׼Ľ̫ɽˣѾħѹſڵϣһЩʵµĵǣ屬ըȻܲסǹѹ
ħ棡Ҷ˫һƬŭ졣
϶һٵѪɣħʱѾ׷ˣֻٵǰƬϤĽ
̫ɽǶѾ׾ˣΪǵҲܲסˣҪԱˡ
䣡
ͻȻ칬ǰѿһΰӰ˵֮УˣɢɵĹâ
¡¡
һɫ漴֣ħħȭסˣһס
϶ħͫš
𣿡ҶҲޱȣ漴ϲ֡
ΰӰǾȻˣɢɵĹâͬһư硣
ܣ
϶Ѿˣ
ħϱڰħ⣬ħ죬̤ħ˳𣬼硣
϶ȻûǾͼ֮սɣ
ħһأ棬һſ򶼱Զ˿ϵ̫ڲ·Ҫ׹Ƶġ
ֱһħûʲô赲ݴ½ս
䣡
Ҳͬһȼգâ㣬
ھȥʱҶͻȻһϤĲڿžʬԪѾ࣬¼ֲ˶áȥҶʥֻн̫ʮʽʮʽ̫߱ʥ壬ܿƾʬ
ػϣ
ʬ
Ҷ쾪
һ˲䣬ȫˡ
ԭǾ칬ĵơ
˵Ѿˣʬͷھ칬
ڿˣػϻƿʬ壬Ӷӳ˵ս
ػݴ½ĵƣ˵Щ񡢷ʥˣˣҲܹɨ
Ҫ֪񣬶һһ񣬱Ҫǿ
ˣʬҲ㲻𣬷ǳĿֲ
ػԪ࣬¼ֲ˶ãþҶʥҶ컹û˵꣬ͱһֻ޴ħƸץסˣ˴ȴǱѹ˺ǧ֮¡
ǺǣԭСһǾ϶ħЦҶС
ҶжʱһħվǷػϡ
˻ȭҶ𣬻Ӷ˻ȭʥ屬˼£ȴɫħܽ޷忪
ʱػƿؾǿ֮ħ漤Ҳɱ
ǷǳĿֲÿһ˲񷣬ֲΧһſ򶼱ˣƥݴ½鶼ڲս
е˼Ȼܹӳ϶ǰ̫ʮʽȫˣҲѵáħЦ
ΪڸղŵĲɱ֮УȻػռϷ硣
ħûκεĵǣΪѾػϵԪ࣬Ҫ˶ã֣ػԼˡ
ػҲǳһȫħ棬һ취֪ͨҶʥϧħ֪Ĵ㣬һУ޷һ˿ѶϢ
Ψһ֪ԭҶ죬ȴǱħˣʱ޷
ѵҾ칬ݴ½ҪħУػϽˡ
ѾңػһУҲܷػϴǲϵ棬Ѫһ˿˿ȼҵѪ
ػĹԣƿž˱̫ҪҵĹâǿա
䣡
ħһ̱ˣѪ硣
ȴɭЦȼվѪ𣿺ܺã㻹֧Ŷã
˵գһ̤ޱߵĺڰ˷ֶǿնˡ
ħ죡ħһɫͬһصףںɫ֮ϣһµħӰǰ֣˿ֲܣػϡ
ЩħӰǳ£񼶱𣬶һʣгǧͬһ֧ػϸûˡ
ػɫһ֪ЩħӰǰݴ½һţȴħɱǵʣǵ궼ûзŹ
Ŷ񣡡
ػϴþȫӳǿĹ칦
ǿն𶯲


1027 ػ֮
ŶǾĹ칦ʱػþʩչԿֲ죬ɽӣս
ֻػһǾɫ񶦱ɢųҵĽ⣬޾ǿ֮Уһ޴ƥ񶦣̫Ҫ޴󣬻ҪңҪҫ۶Ŀ
𣡡
ħǰħӰХÿһֲħư磬ƺƵ춯أɽ
ȻػƳȥĽɫ񶦣ɢâͬȵĽɫȼգֲÿһħӰ׷׷顣
ħӰȻκβ޴񶦣ͬϵĺǣȼſֲ棬ҵĹâ³ӡ
ħħЩɫڻˣڵħ¶һ˿֮ɫȻмֵ϶ˣȼվѪ㣬ֶܹã
˵գħӺɫվֲħ񷣬Ƭǿնڲ
ıǧħŭ𡢳Х·ħ¡
أ
ħͻȻ˶һ޴ĺڶɣΧǳƶǹɿֲòԶػ϶վˡ
֮ȫħľħﵽĿ̶ֲȡ
Ҫ֪ħȻӡ꣬Ϊ޷ħȴǱеһֲֿĵز
ħԲھŶ֮¡
ɫľ޶챻ħɽȥˣ·棬Ѿûһӹħ֮
ã
ػɫһ䣬оԼڵľѪţֲֿħѡ
ħ治ǵ;ħȻͬ졣
Ŷ񣡡ػϴ𣬼ʩչֲ׵Ĺ칦Ҫסħĸħ
ȻػϵľѪѾķѺܶ࣬ղֱħߺܶ࣬ڲдľѪձһǾŶ˾ܵ޴ķ֮
ۣ
ػڴһǾŶʱҲɳȥѪ硣
ΰ̲סˤǿ֮Уݴ½
ǿ֮Уħܵػһ޴ĺڶҲڳױˣǿɳȥѪ硣
ܾˣ
ϧħ滹սػϵԪѾ˼ޣѪҲ˼ޣ޶սˡ
ϣҶ˫һƬ죬һ̣ħսﵽ۷壬ں俪ħĽ
ҲħղܵػϵشŽҶҲǴһ˳
ػ϶϶ĻȻѾߵľͷˡ
ҶסΰôҲݣ·Ǳʱ֮Ĩˣʲôʱ䣬
ϣ⣡Ҷ컢Ŀᣬ
ػϣػ칬ػˣߵ˼ޡ
ҶʥҶʥػĿΪħ滹ڣŵǣʧȥһ˿Ϣ

ػϵţҶ̲ס𣬺ĺ캳أݴ½
һ̣ݴ½ˣܵһɱϢӱϿϯ¡
ͬһƬѹ˵ͷ
ÿˣоһ˲ޱȳأ·ҪƵġ
Ҷ챧ŵΰȴǻΪһ˿˿ɫԣҶӿȥ
һ̣Ҷڲǿһʥ𣬴ﵽ񼶱塣
ңڼǿͬһٶȷǳ졣
ϧʱҶѾ׷ˣŭųǿգֻɫȫħɱȥ
˻ȭ
Ҷ£ƥĽɫԣͬһգ㡣
ħ治мͽҲ̫ˡ
˵գһȭӭҶ죬ɫħȭᴩ񷣬ⷽ涼ڲضˡ
䣡
һ֮
Ҷħ澹Ȼ˫˫ɳȥ˶ǿѪѪȾǿգǳҡ
ôܣ㣿ħʱɴ۾Ϊû뵽ҶͻȻ֮䱬ôֲȫ֮¡
̫֮ƣҶĨǵѪħɱ
ʱѾ׷ˣֻʣ·ɱ⡣
䣡ħȭ⣬ȴǸоҶԽԽǿ󣬵ҶѾһȭˡ
ҶԼȴû£·ԽԽǿ
ô徹ȻԽԽǿѾﵽ񾳽ˡħš
Ҫ֪֮ǰҶ컹ֻǷʥ壬ȴѾˡ
ֽٶ̫˰ɣ
ҶȴûһУ۾ѾѪɫ棬ޱߵɱʹɱ¾ǿˡ
Žɫ˻ȭϵغħ棬̫֮ƣоŶ񣬻ֻء
Ҷ񹥻ħ棬ƺҪԼеķŭй
䣡
ħ汾ѾػشһӿֲҶ죬ڵֵסҶѪ϶ʼѷˡ
ħ澪ŭӣû뵽״ʤˣȻ䡣
Ҫ֪һ񼴱㻹ʣһѪⶼܹǵսҲѻ
ħѷӡһ̣սѾ֮УѾΪˣʱǱ壬ôͻΣˡ
һΣգôҪˡ
ɶǱӡô꣬ûü䣬Ҳֻսˡħг˲ʡ
񰡣Ȼֻλ񣬵ҲԺɨˡ
ϧǣӡ̫ˣһʵûüֱָػش
ڸӲҶĶˡ
Ҷ˾֮Ѿﵽ񾳽磬Ǿ߾ȱںһ
ʹҶսһٳԽ񣬴ﵽ˽ӽľ硣
ֱǰδе漣ΪҶľ绹ڷʥ磬ṳ̂񾳽磬˵ˡ
ҶȴǴﵽ񾳽磬ݴ½ʷϸûгֹ
һ䣬һ˶û뵽䣬ȥػ϶뵽
ħ֪ԼֵסˣȥȻ䡣
£ħƺˣݴ½
˻ȭҶôܷŹħ棬ɱⱩǣħ׷ȥÿһȭ£ħѪɡ
ħ־ŭһ󱲣Լͽ׷ɱжô
ͬʱҲǳһʼɱҶ죬ҲͲˡ
ϧǣûƿʱ䷨򣬲ʱ䵹ء
Ҷ죬ٹħ˾칬һץסȺеĶƣŸҶ
Ҷ˫ڿ֮ڻָ峺ſܣµضû·
ߣħ治һž칬ڷȥ;һֱִ칬ĺġͥ
ħ棡Ҷŭ׷
ҪסܵòҪħЦһһȭ俪ͥػ󷨡
һ̣һͨԺڰĹ·ˣɢһɺġ嫡Ϣ
ħץŶƣһͷ˽ȥ
Ҷȴûüס


1028 ֮Լ
֮ͥʲôûУֻһ·ͨڰޣźġ嫡ɣϢ·濪֮ʱѾڣ޷⡣
Ҷüͷ壬ɫ˸ųҵâӶ·̽ȥȴһɿµĨɱ
ţ
ʱ֮
Ҷ첻ɵһղоʱ֮õ̽ȥֱӱնˣܵһ˿˺
֮⣬Ҷ컹ܵ˿ռ䷨ƺ·ڱʱ֮һȥͻᱻ͵֪ĵط
ңͬʱȥˣܻڲͬĵط
ԣҶûԴȥ
ΪڻбȾȶƸҪ顭
ҶճŸ߿ճȥߺС÷ǳңǳ飬ǿڲ顣
Сֳ˻ʽȻһǰȥǹɺƴƥĽâ˺գء
߱һõɳȥȻûܵʲôشȴǱѡ
ɫǳѿΪܹ֮ɨݴ½ȴû뵽ǱҶ۸ֱҶͽ۸ֱʷ
ʼԼǲĳΪˣǵʷϵһݺ£ɨ˻ģƵӳݴ½ˡ
𣡡
߾ʱһ貵ĽɫӰ޾֮гӿȣɫĹâͬһȼգɢһƥǿϢ
ͫһŵؿҶ죬һƬҶ첻Ǳħץôܵˣ
ûжپʱ䣬ҶѾӶ˻ȭɱ˹ҵȭâ㣬µҽ涼ڲ
ߴһҶ죬ӿҵĽâγ籩ǿա
ȻҶһȭǿᴩǿգֱӰЩ籩ˣǿֲ嫺ӿ졣
ۣ
ߵɳȥѪ磬嶼ϡáŵؿҶ죬۾ɵϴг˾
ʲô
ǰҶ컹ҪƾϽֲѹһղţҶֻɵһȭ
ʵҲֲ̫˰ɣ
֮ʣȻҶ۱ɫһҵɫֶ˶֮С
áһȻ֪ҶС
̫֮ƣ
Ŷ񣡡
ҶʩչһΪֹ칦ֲܣһƬڵĲӿ߳ûˡ
¡¡
ߵֲܵĻ𹥻һѪⱻֽ⣬ǽɫս˺ѿռֱһɫ֡
ˣ֮ɫ
ʱҶ죬ſȷʵټռ֮ȫɱˡ
ߣҶȭµĵһߡ
ɣ
Ҷ쿴űԼĽɫս꣬âȻǣһ˫ɫȭӶ񷣬ݺݵ
䣡
ߵɴ۾ɫս걻˳ҵĽɫ֮У类ȼһ㣬Ϊâʧ
ڽɫսɢһɲǣҶһϤ
лҽѡҶ졭
ߵ
Ҷаһ̾뵱꣬ʮ˹콾ĴߣֻʣǼˡ
һתۣǰٶˣ
Ҷг̾
ʦ𣡡Сط˹
ЩȫҶ쳯˵ͷ漴˲ǰݴ½ʼնɱһͷͷް
Ҷǿȷǰûһͷ޿Եֵסһһ
ݴ½ǿ־ϲû뵽Ҷܹ̣ϧǣǵʱǲסˣûлۿҶħһս
ʱҶնɱһͷް֮ͻȻʼоԼڲϵ½
ô£ҶЩɡ
ɢŽɫԣ·һǿڿʼʧԭǿ񾳽ȻѾ½˷񾳽硣
ңڼ½
Ҿ֪ûֵڱ飬һӵп񾳽Щʧ֮ȼҲʼ½
Ҷһ̾
ûжʧϾһΣһݴ½˺󻼡
ţֹͣ𣿡ͻȻҶбŨŨϲɫΪͣ񾳽磬ûм½
վǱһЩԣɷáҶ켤ѣﵽ񾳽磬ӵ壬ʹʵǿˡ
ҶԼڣ㲻Ͻ֣Ҳһսˡ
㻹Щջ
Ҷ콫ɨβĹݴ½һǿߺСԼǰ˷֮ء
ԭ֮ؾħ磬ħѾ뿪ˣҲʣһƬˡ
Ҷϸ̽һȴƬ֮棬Ȼһ޴󷨣󷨵ȼ֮ߣ̽鲻
Ҫ֪ҶõڵĴУȻΪûжߣһЩʶġ
ݴ½ΧĿҶϴҲʶˡ
ǰȴƺҪ£вʱ䷨򣬻ŨĿռ䷨һʱսϵĳ
ܹ󷨵ˣ϶˵ҵǰҶü֮ɻǰΪʲôҪ󷨣ʲôã
Щעһ֮գ
Ҷֽ沼һأ֪Ϊֱ
ã󣬿ܷǳҪ
һУҶǰ칬һڸǿ߻ˡ


һ¶֮ɫΪһѣȫҶݴ½Ҳһˡ
ֻǽ޳̫ӡ̫ɽ˵ɫЩˣΪǵⳡ֮ˡ
Ҷһ̾ûȰοǣΪ֪Щ˶ǿߣ߳ƬӰġ
һҶ죬֮ͥУͨڰ޵Ĺ·
ػϵ˵ֻҪ̤·Ǿл񾳽硣ҶָǰĹ·һ˵λȸԻȥ׼һ֮ڴ˼ϣһ̤Ϲ·
⻰ǶЩʥϵǿ˵ΪﵽʥûҪ·
Ͼ·ȻΪô϶Σ
ͣҶĻ˶˵ͷϾһȥҲԶͻزˣҲпҪܾòܻȻýһ
ֻϷ¼ҹһͽϻҲΪ˷ʥʦͽȫһ·Ҳھ칬סȴĴ
ˣǼҴҵҪڣеһжźá
û뵽ҪϼһҲ̤·쿪۰ѧԺԺЦǺǵ
ҶҲΪеˣΪλԺΪǳû׼λܹΪӵ޵Ԫ
޴ڵĻ᳤Щʧ䣬Ѿ˿ܣȻʹӵа޾ȴ޷̤񾳽ˡ


ʮ˾ ڰ


1029 ·
칬Ҷ֣ػϡʥһݴ½ѶǿУݴ½ǿǰ
칬ûһ˿ȫĬ
ݴ½˱˺ѹֵա

һ֮Ҷ촫λСξ칬ڶʮλ
ҶԼȥ˱ʮ˹븸ĸסһ
ڼڣҶŸĸ˵ǽжȡŬŪһʮǿ
ΪҶǳԼԺܺлǣиӵĻҲܹǲôį
ΪԽߣԽѵӣҶƵġ
ȻҶӱϾв٣ġͶ֮£׻ѩ̻УΪŮһС
⻹ΪŮΪͣúľѩʥǿߣŬ꣬һ㶯ûС
ҶȻһӣȴûгʮǿʣֻͨʣ츳ҲϵȣȴȲҶʥˡ
ҶȡҶѩҶҶֱĸ׵
СĶҶ֮֮ԼҲҶĸǣǰ˾칬
칬ڷչѸͣҶλݴ½ǿ⣬СĹ͡
ڽ̫ɽ˵İ֮£С칬ľһжڳõķչ
Ҷȥһ죬ϽֻǣΪҶѧµһŹ칦֡
뿪ҶȥѧԺ޴ڣһԺԼʦѪħʥ
֮Ҷݴ½ͺܶѺ˸
Ҷص˾칬һڵݴ½ǿ߻ϡ
һι·֮Уݴ½еķʥͰˣûȱһˡ
˵ӽԺݴ½Сλ񼶱ǿ⣬Ҳûһʥǿˡ
Ҷܹĵʱţݴ½ᵮµķʥ
СĴ£ݴ½ķʥͰֻԽԽࡣ
ǣǵһ̤Ϲ·ǿߡ
λȥ֮ǿܻᱻɢҶСĵ㡣ڽ·֮ǰҶɫѵ
ǰѾ·¸ˣ˶Ե÷ǳ֪࣬һߣҲ̤񾳽磬Ҳˡ
ûеѡ
ҲСĵ㡣ҶҶʥһԼĶӣһԼͽܣȻȽϵġ
ӳˣҪչ߷ɣҶҲϣȥһЩɳ
úҶ쵱ȳ˹·ʧһƬڰ֮С
һ漴Ҳʼһ̤·ʧ
ֱ˵ǿȫ̤Ϲ·֮Сһ󣬽ʮλʥǿʱʱ
Դˣݴ½Ҷ˵Ϣ½Сʱ

ߵɳĮ鲼ռ䣬жһ޴գɢȵ⣬ضտðˡ
ҶͻȻΧüͷ΢΢һ壬¶ȷǳߣµߣ֧Ųˡ
䣡
Ҷ漴ӳȥһŻ̵򣬵ɳĮûһˮҲûһϢ
ֻ޾Ļɳ
ʲôطǹ·𣿡Ҷʱɻ˳ܵǿӳȥʲôҲһǳûУֻһƬĺڰޡ
ǿձƽ
棬·һֻ̫ޣеһС
Ҷ½䵽ޱߵɳĮǳ֮ϣһǰУһ߼̽ӣϸ̽
ţ϶ǹ·յ㣬϶뿪ķ
Ȼһ·Ҷʲôûп
ֱһºҶһƬɳ֮£ҵһʬһʬȻѾʧȥѪ⣬ǵɫĹͷȻ⡣
Ҷ̽ʬʱһǿһĵĻ档
Щ֮УҶ쿴һ֮սһλǿ߰գսͷ񼶱ޣûذѣ涼ڲ
λǿնɱͷ񼶱ޣҲܵشһͷ޸һ
ȻλǿԱһͷһˡ
ǱըݻǳϵһУʹ򳹵׳һƬɳĮһ˿
û뵽·֮Ҳޣһ񼶱ġҶжʱʼСĵǰ̽
䣡
ºһֻ޴ĹִɳĮ̽һѾͳҶѹȥֲĹ֣أǳ𺳡
ߣ
Ҷһʩչ˻ȭʥҲ߶˼£һȭ񷣬ҵȭâֱӱֻ޴Ĺ֡
𣡡޵ŭ𣬴ɳĮ洫
ţضھҲɳ񷣬ֲɳĮ籩˷ϯ
¡¡
һȻȻӵصֻ޴İ׹ֱۣһž޴Դ棬˸ĵĹ
һͷѾȥޣȴʬ飬䡣
ʹţҲ޾壬˵ˣߣҶһЦʥ߶˼£˶ɫԣ񷣬˫ȭӶתƣ캳ء
һ̣Ҷޱȣɽӣÿһȭӳÿһƺձ飬عѣҪñˡ
ͷֲޣȻǰ񼶱𣬵ȴֻа񼶱𣬺ܿͱҶɢ˹Ǽӣٵʬ飬޾ɳĮ֮С
ȻҲҶһȭ俪ˣ޾ҽӿȵϢպˡ
ף
ͻȻҶĺģһ
һ󣬶һǼʴ߼Ĵ󰡣֮Ĵ͡
ôܣ
Ҷ֮ɫ
Ϊͨ͸߼ֻͨڳǳǳ֮Ĵ󣬴͵ľ뻹ȲҶһ˲ơ
߼ԿԽݴ½ǳԶȵҶ켸˲ˡ
ǼʴֻڵĳλĹ˼ֻһѣû˽䴴
ȻҶȴһǼʴ󣬾ôڷԼǰֻҪ߶Ͼˡ
֪ͨ
Ҷ쵱̤봫󣬹ĶڻǼʴ
ৣ
һҵĽɫâҶ˶ûˡ
һ̣ҶӰƾʧˣֻʣһƬǽɳĮ

䣡
úҶһƬ׹֮ϣΧɭȻ׹ǣģʥģȼʬǣ鲼أǵġ
һʬǵ
Ҷ̽ȥ˶һƬ𺳡
ôİ׹ǣ⵽˶˰
⵽ʲôط
ôôˣ
ﵽ׷ѣ
ףǣͻȻҶͫһǰ
ΪڲԶһϤʬ壬һλ̫źеİǿߣӹŵ֮оȳҲ̤·
ڣλ̫źеİǿߣȴֻʣһ߲ҲסʬˣսѾˡ
ܵϵİ׹ǣվѪиսĺۼ
ʣλ̫źİǿߣ˿µĵˡ


1030 ֮Ĺ
׹ɭɭϮˣհ޹⣬أ鲼ʬһƬҹܹԩ˻
ҶŲ׹ʬεѰǼʴͬʱɫصؾܣΪӸղǾ̫źʬ壬Դ⵽϶Σ
׹ǣʬǰ׹ǡﵽǣ֪˶ˣλС
򣬶·һbһʱ
һʱ
ҶȻһ鲻Խصһ
Ҳ²һ㣬һʱӢǿߡ
һʱأԶţ̫ţϹţǸԶĺġʱҶг˼ǰǰ
úһƬѪǰͬʬͬʱ޾ѪѪɫѪѾְɫˣŨѪϢ˱Ƕ̲סŻ¡
ôѪôˣҶ첻ɵüͷɫصģ˭أ
Ҷ̤ն𣬷ѪϿգ֮̽Ѫ
ɫѪˮһƬƽûһ˿ӿ˸еѹ֡

ͻȻڲԶѪˮ棬Ʈһ߸ʬɢųɷϿնγһƬںڵƣƬѪ
ǿϢˣǻˣҶ¶֮ɫȴûжٽţΪŵʵһ񶼺սʤ
䣡
ͻȻ֮䣬ʬȻֻʣ°Դ棬һֻѪɫ۾ϿյҶ졣
ຣޱߣͷǰ
ʬڣҰγһֲƷѪҶ
Ҷһ̧ѹɫƣգеѪˮѹ˻ȥ
ǿຣޱ޼ʣûκ˿Թȥ㲻ˣٻȥдͷʬ˵ûжҶˡ
Ŷ𣿿ϧҲˣຣҶɶˡҶЦһŸʬȥɫȭӶ񷣬ս£ƥ
ʬ޾ɫʹֻʣ°߲Ȼ̧ѪӭϣĹצ˺˿ռ䣬һµѪۣܲ񷡣
е˼Ҷ΢΢ЩȣΪӦ߸ʬȻʵȻֻǳʵȲϵնɱߡ
֣Ҷ漴һ˫ӡѧĹ칦ʱֲŸʬ
¡¡
Уձ飬޴ֹ񷣬·һḥ̂ѹ£ʹΧѪˮˣƬѪڷڡ
ʬɫڱ˱䣬һ۾ѪˮգγһµѪҶɱ
ҶⱬЦԭˣֻǿƬѪʵ
ʬɫߵҿǼʴ뿪ǾˮˮΣ
ȻҲܵҶĿʵԲЭ
Ļ֮ǰɱλ̫źһɱҶˡ
Ҫ뿪ҲУ﷢ʲôΪʲôôʬڴˣҶʩչ̫֮ƣһѪƽʬ
ʬɫһ䣬ƺ뵽ʲôͻȻñŭԴˣˣһʱǿ߶ˣ޷սʤԶĶ֣
ʬ׷ˣۻ裬ѪѪȥµħŰһƬضݻˡ
ţ
Ҷüͷ΢һλǿĴڣȻΪԺеĳЩ䣬Ƶ÷衣
˵ص׷ʲô֮£ָʲôµļ䣿
ҶԽԽˣӶ˻ȭ߶ʥ壬ʬҪƷѯʳԵɡ
ȻʬѾ׷ˣȫƴĴ򷨹Ҷ죬ҶԱˣҶİ嶼ըˡ
ʬڣҲһȱս꣬ɢŰĹâɢ
ҶѸ壬ʬս꣬Ϊѯʵ굽׷ʲô飿ң
ʬʱѾָѣӦԼڵ״̬ɵòЦҲãҲãڽˣüޱߵѪɱˡ
ңҶȵΪָʬѾߵ˾ͷֲ˶ˡ
ʬѪɫ۾ߵҶ죬ҡͷûõģ𣬺ڰϮ˶Ҫ
˵仰Ĳȱսɢˡ
ޱߵѪʱҲ˷һӸɿˣ¶һ޴Ǽʴ
ڰϮѵָڰ񣿡Ҷ˺ڰ벻˭ܹһʱǿߡ
ûм룬ҶһƬ׹̤˽µǼʴ󣬰һɫ˸֮Ѿʧˡ

վҶһֵĵطΪܶһľ壬ľɢԵһ㶼Ǳײĵģʬ治ࡣ
֨
Ҷ̲סƿͷϷľ壬˳ȥʱɴ۾
ΪһĹңղžǴӹײģԶһĹ֪ͨη
Īؾô˻𣿡ҶʱЩĹǰͷų
ȻҶܿܵһǿֹԼ̽ӡ
һֵĵطҶüȻ̽ӣֻܼĹǰˣҪкηʥѵҪǿ󲻳ɣ
ĹǳڰҶ˵ȴǲʲôΪѾԿ͸ڰ
ҶСĵǰţĹҲûж೤ܿߵ˾ͷһСţӦ޽ĹµĺţĹ޺֮˳ȥ
ҶƿСţ˳ȥʱһƬ谵գ·ŭ
ˣҶ컹˷һʯĹһĹʯĹǰţɬѶ֡
Ҷ˺ôһ򣬲ϳЩ֣𾪵ǣǰһʯ棬Ȼдһλʱ֮Ĺ
ʱ
Ҷ쵱ʱǿׯܣԷǳʱܹΪǶǴﵽ񾳽磬˻ʺ𰡣
ڣﾹȻһλ
ʱ齪̫֮Ĺ
ʱսѪ֮Ĺ
Զʱа֮Ĺ
Ϲʱ֮Ĺ

Ҷܱߵʯȥ˶ˣΪģҲ飬񾳽ǿ߶
ңǰǺպĴڣʱǿߣʱ̫ʱԶʱϹʱǿ߶С
ֱһᴩݴ½ʷ֮Ĺ
Ҷб𺳵ױȣһŻָͻȻɫһ䣬뵽һ¡
ڵĹ˭ģҶȻĹĺƵǰ棬ŵĹʯ
̫ʱ֮Ĺ
⼸֣Ҷʱסˣþԡ


1031 ʱ

ҶסˣûмǴĻ̫ʱֻһǱǵھŻʵӣҲֻ̫ʦܡ
̫Ҷֻһ˿֪λѾ̫ʱ
ķĹô˵ֻ˵ǶԵˣôϹʱµľǺأ
ңΪĹ֮ǿյġ
Ҷ޷ǣԼôʹĹгˣ׹ǱصΪλһǼʴͨĹ
һУա
ҶоԼӶЩˣڤڤ֮У·һž޴ĺһУ޷⡣
ھŻʵĹ
Ҷǰȥ־ԱߣǵھŻʵĹ
ң·ȥҶ컹˲ǿߵķĹȫϵǿߣҲ
ܶ඼Ǻպ˸Ĵ
ѵôҶпʼЩɣƵһʯĹĺ棬򿪺ţ߽ɭɭĹ
ҪǷһλǿߣǰһֻһĹ
ڵĹҶܿĹңһ߾޴Ĺײġ
䣡
Ҷ̧ƿ׸ǣտҲʲôûС
ô£
Ҷɻ뿪ʯĹѡ˼ʯĹ鿴һеĹײ涼ǿյġ
Ϊʲô
Ҷв죬˭ôŵۣŪôĹڴˣ
ֻΪ˻
ʲôĿģ
ŨŨʣҶǰȥﵽʯĹǧ򣬻ʱ䣬ŴƬĹء
ʱһϤǼʴ󣬳ǰ
ֻ֮ǰǼʴͬǣǼʴǳӴ󣬱֮ǰǼʴʮ֮ࡣ
֪һվ
Ҷһ֮Ĺ̤˴ʧһƬҵĽɫ֮С

嫵ǿ֮Уһ޴ĹųǳڴˣǿֲĳǽǧҲ֪ͨη
ǣ
ɫң߸߹ɢųҵԡ
Ծĺɫ֣ͬڰ棬˿һ۶û䡣
ǳأڲ֮£ǳ֮ϣư硣
ӦϢˣҶ쿴Զǿվ޳ǣɵóһ
̤·ڣѾȥһʱˡ
ڼ䣬Ҷ쿴ȫɳĮĹǣȫǰ׹ǵĹǣĵ֮Ĺ
ڣҶǰΰĻУӦߵϢ
û뵽·֮лôߣҶǣ͸ߴĳţѾǿ֮зС
ǲͬҶǰĳǳأһǿ֮ǣҲûʲôֵһ޾ǿա
ڳڣȴΰĹƯǿ֮УƯСʹ½һ޴ʯ
Ҷ쿴һǿߣЩʯСʹ½֮к˲ơ
ֵһǣһߣʥ磬ʥǿ߶кܶ࣬вٷʥĴڡ
񼶱ǿߣҶҲܵ˼
һλ񼶱ĴڣǹϢ֮ǿߺСҪǿһЩҶ쾪ޱȡ
Ҷ˵أʲô֪ݾߣСĵԼϢȺ֮Уɵһ޴ʯϡ
ʯϣϥλǿߣλʥĴڡ
⽻̸˵лģнģԵ÷ǳĺг
ǵ߻ǶడҶһûжԼõϢɵ˵Ҫ׳һЩ
ȻиϵˣؿҶһۣɻλѣʱֻоǣÿǡ
ʱȣǣ
λߵҶʱ𶯲ѣԭ·ʱȣʱһ·
ʱȷǳأڱʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨̤еߣᱻ͵ͬһص㣬ͬһʱ䡣
ǣǽ֮ǣ̤ʱȵĵһվ
ڵߣʵʱڵߣǺҶһݴ½ҶǴӾ칬·ڽġ
ֻʱ䲻һʱҲһ
ںҶ˵λʥʱڰûݴ½ݴ½ǳ٣ǿ߱
Ϊ̤ߵľ磬·ʱȡ
λʥһ̤ʱȵʱͨһЩ飬ʱ䣬ǡ
ͬʱ̫ʱԶʱϹʱǿߣҲͨ·˵ء
֮еߣǴӸʱǿߡ
Ҷ𺳵ǣЩڲͬʱǿߣȴۼһһͬʱ֮С
̫˼ˣ
Ҷ꣬ױȵ𺳣þ޷ƽ
øʱǿߣͬʱۼ·棬λǿ󰡣
Ҷоʱ϶ԼǰΪֻԼǰʱ䷨ռ䷨Ҳֻǰܴôصʱȡ
ҶִԱ֪ͨǵ󣬿ǰʱȡ
Ըܵ汾Դðͷʥл񾳽硣
ʱȵĺ棬񼸺洦ɼʱ޵ţۼ档
ֱһᴩ֮·Ҷޱ𺳣û뵽Ĺ·ƺĨȥϢʹݴ½޷֪
ҶҲеǳ˷ܣΪﲻԽ񾳽磬ʱǿ档
ֻǲ֪Ƿ֪ڰĴڣҶа뵽漴˴ˣȴ˶֪ڰĴڡ
ңںڰʹһ޴ڹʱȣֻǿסˣûй
Щˣʵǿ֮ҲҪǰǰߣڰĽ
ѵʷЩʧǿǣڰ𣿡ҶʱЩϲãԼֻ̫
£Ҷѯһֻ̫ţϣھʱȣһǿߵ䡣
ЩҶ˵һ£ںܾǰڰ񼸺޴ʱȣһǿ߶صˡ
ؼʱֻ̣̫˫˫֣չ־ʵڰƴܾˣڻ˺ڰ񣬱סʱȡ
ôҲǿֻ̫λǿߵػʱȲűֺƽһ˰ʵ
ʱΨһ͸ݴ½ػһ·ѹôǿ߶ڴˣڰҲѡ
Ҷ찵뵽
ãݴ½һǿߺͺڰսĵطʷʧǿߣʵû䣬ʱȣػ˵ء
ҶͻȻ޴ڻ᳤˵գϹʱĳһ죬ݴ½ǿʧˡ
Ҳʱ򣬾ҶһеķʥͰ񣬽·ʱȡ
ôһһж˵ͨˡ
Ҷ۾ʱ


1032 ǿ
һ̸֮ҶҲʶһλʱʥǿ
ǿѾﵽʥ磬ʥ۷ʵʱҲһ˲õšΪǸʱ򣬺ڰûдݴ½Ե÷ǳƽͺͼѣʱȡ
ʱ뻹ò˼飬ЩڲͬʱˣȻܹۡ˵ʵҵһʱҲˡ
ǿҶȥסͣһ·š
ҶЦ˵ɲղǽ̸ʱҾͱˡò˵ʱǿֲȻܹͳһ·
˼ҵʵǴģǿдųݺ;˵˭Ҳ֪˶ã·ݴ½֮ʱѾˡ֮·ǵֿޣ˵飬񡣡
Լǰ˾ͳݣҶ˵ĸоЩ
Ҷ֣ǵˣʱǿָǰһɫ˵
Ҷ漴ȥڴʱԶǿϢһЩŭ֮
Ҷǿʱ̲סȥֻԶǿߣͷӳһ·ֱײֱӾײ˲ߣһ߲ѡ
ЩȻߣȴûиȥ˵鷳ƺԷıܴ
˭Ҷʱüͷǿ϶ģȴŰ裬Ȼû˹ܡ
ǿߵɱ¾˫ǣ˭ڻôš
ɱ¾˫ǣҶɻ
ǿѾ֪ҶŽ·ã½͵ɱ¾˫ڻǷǳһ˫̥һ̤һΪʥڸ˫˫Ϊ֣ʵӽλˣڻǺܹǿ⡣
һ˫̥츳Ҷ첻ɵþȵ
ǿЦǵ츳ȷΪΪģǱһλ
˭Ҷ
ǿһ˿⣬Ϲʱһλţӵʮеǳ֮壬ѾλԲǿˣҪ˶ñ̤񾳽ˡʱȣҲһһλ콾
ǳ֮塭ĪϹʱǳλҶ԰ޱȣ˵ǳĵһӵǳ֮壬Ϲʱһλ޵콾
ˣ֣ղ˵λԲǿߣλԲǺεȻ֣Ƿ𣿡Ҷ漴ʵ
ľĻ֣ݴ½ں֪ƺǴϹŵһЩ鼮ҵġ
ǿЦֻǺ֮˵˵ʱȣõʱƶĵȼ֡
Ŷ֪λֵģҶʱǰ𼶱ǿߣֵľΪǿ϶Ҳͨõģǳ档
ǿʱ˵νֻݴ½ĽзʵϣһԸſ
ȻΪֱ˴ʵĲͬҲֺܶླ磬λλλÿַΪڡڡں۷塣
ǿ˵λԲѾļԲľ磬ֻҪ򣬱һ̤񾳽ˡÿһλԲǿߣһ磬޵еģ񾳽ǿߡ
ҶԻȻλλλͨõĵȼ֡
ô񾳽磬ҲΪλλλ𣿡Ҷ漴ʵڻý֪λԲǿߣ̤ܿ񾳽ˣԲдһʡ
ȻǿԵ˵ͷ˵ʵֹ񾳽֣񾳽Ҳֵģ֮ϵľ磬û˵ˡ
֪ڴʲô𣿡Ҷԣɵð뵽
С߶ǿ񣬿϶ͼλ񣬶Ȼܹɱߣôһλλ
Ҷ֮ǰǿ˵ǵĳòƾһλλھǿߡ
лһ£ڵʵʲô磿Ҷ찵뵽
˽ǰĽɫ֮Уһ̸һ߼ġ
Ҷûǿ֪˺ܶʱȵϢ
ʱȷΪֱ֣Ϊ֮ء۹ءڰԨ
֮ҲҶڵĵطԾΪ㣬Χȥǳǳʱȵǽʵĵط
һﵽ񾳽磬߸оҲ޷ͻƵ񾳽ǿߣôҪԶȥ۹أһǿһֿڰ޵Ľ
ĺڰԨǵ걻ڰµһ޴ۼ۹ػ
ֻ̫۹أ֪ôˣҶʱЩڴ֪ԼʵСʱȥ۹أﲻʲôæ֮أʵ
ǿҶ֪ÿʮ꣬ͻῪʮսʱһڻǵ߾ͻӿнлսսߵһǧˣᱻһռĵط棬һڰͷʥܵ汾Դлλ񾳽硣
ʱٹʱ䣬ʮսʱˣҶڷǳڴš
ڵʵλˣ̤񾳽磬»ֱλ񡣡Ҷ찵ڴѡ
ӱʮ˹һ·ưݴ½ڿҪ̤۷塪񾳽ˡ
ҶʱģһƬȣһܵսȼա
񣬶˵׷󣬶ߵĿ
Ѿǰˡ
ҶǾǿƽǿ̸죬߱չޣȴʮսĿ
ʱ䣬գۼ
һ죬ǿѱչҶ죬˷ܵ˵Ҷ֣ʮսҪˣڸϽȥ㳡
Ҷ۾ڵʱ貵âǿܵһǿѹ
ǿаѣʱҶ̸Ѿ֪λҶֵɲˡڿԼСλҶ֣֪ʵʲô硣
ʮսҪ𣡡Ҷ漴ջƣָƽЦ˵
ǿ˵ͷæ˵˶ѾŴ㳡ȥˣҲȥɡ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ǿһ𣬷ɳŴ㳡˲ƶȥ
㳡ǻǴڵĵطкܶഫͨط
˵ǹ㳡ʵһСʹ½ƺԭһž޴򣬱һλǿһ룬һ޴ƽ棬Ӷγ㳡
ʱ㳡ϣѹѹһƬɽ˺ͷڡ
кüˣҪ֪ЩҲʥĴڣһȥս죬ֱƲ񷣬Ե÷ǳ׳ۺ𺳡
ףЩڸʲôҶͻȻָŹ㳡һǣɻ
һȺΧһ޴ĺɫʯֱ֮죬㳡ֵĵط
ǿȥʱЦǺǿߵƶɣԲԳǵ츳


1033 ͻ
Ȥ֪λ츳ȼģҶԣһ̲סʵ
ǿЦ츳ȼһΪʮǣֻҪ㽫ƷںϣͻԳ츳ȼȻҲгԽʮǵˣֻ̫𣬻ǣˣЩԽʮǵˣлں
ѹô֣ЩҲڲ츳ɣҶʱЦ
ǿ˵ͷ漴һתҶ˵Ҷ֣ҪҲȥԿ
˵ʵҶʵоɲ⣬۹ԲǷˣ϶Ҳһ츳˲õš
ԣǳ棬ҶԳʲôĵȼ츳
Ҷղֻ̫ʱ򣬾ѾЩĶˣʱԣʱЦŵͷǺãȥԿ
˵źȥ
ǰΧߣҶǿ˷˺һ򣬲ż˽ȥ
ʱһڲ츳ƷںϣʯʱһɫĹâ¶֡ǣ
츳
ֵȼ츳Ѿܲˣ̤λ񾳽硣
ϧˣ˵ĻǶʮ츳ţ֪ûУڶûһ츳ų֡
ɱ¾˫ǲǻûвǵ츳϶ھǣʮǡ

Χһ۷׷׵
ҶЩ֣һɫ֣ڵһŵĺȻֻ̫𡢻ȾŸҫ۵Ĵڡ
ڵڶţҶ쿴֣ۡϤ֡
ϹʱѧԺݴ½ҲҶһˡ
ǴĴԺһضǿܹеڶţҲʵ
ٿţҶûпһЩϤˣȻܹ¼ˣȫݴ½һһľš
Ҷ֣˵Եʱ򣬾ǵľſȫҵĽɫԣ֮ءǿĽ˵
ҶЩ𣿡
Ҷ֣֪ЩͬһƶɣֻҪʸôͻеĺ¶ǿ˵
ҶȻʸȷ֮ˡ
Ͼǵߵʱȫ֪Ȼܿشʱˡ
ҶȻԳûʲôȤȴԲԵĽȤ֪ԼеڼţǷֻܹ̫ƽ
ּȴ˼ԵߣҶǿ׼ǰȥˣڴʱ͵ƴӺ󷽳


߿УӰͷϣź߶˿
һЩ֮ˣֱӱײɳȥѪ磬ȻûΣգȻܵ˲ơ
ɱ¾˫ǣǿһ˿ɵ֮ɫ
ߣҶһ̧־һ̫֮ƣųͷɱȥµĽɫӡգŽɱ¾˫ҲС
ΪҪʵҶһƲûȫ֣Ҳа۷ʵ
ɱ¾˫ǲǺųƿսλǿţǿҶ֣ʱ֪˶֣ڵ˫˲䱬ҵâһ˳Ҷһơ
¡¡
˫ʤ˭Ҳκβ˭ɱ¾˫ƨͷȴǳܲסǿըѪ׷ɣޱȡ
ɱ¾˫Ƕʱ˫ɷĿ⣬ݺݵصҶ졣
һ˴ȵǺˣ֪ڲ𣿾ɱҵҪսǵɷ𣿡
ҶĿһ˵ЩСȻȷˣûǵɷ
ҶǺεЦɷﻹлǵɷڻǺֱײֽǵɷںεȵز
˻˵ȴһֹ̧ˣضҶ죬õɸȽʮսһ֪ɱ¾˫ǵ³
ʲôʲôʸҵ֣Ҷ첻мߵ
ɱ¾˫Ƕʱɱ볯Ҷһȭǲ˫ַ̥ǳĬϵҲǳһİ񣬿¾ҪԿˡ
ҶɲһİһЦȻһ̫֮ƣǽɫĿֲӡ̫Ҫҵԣɱ¾˫ǵĹȫɳȥ
ΧȺһƬȻ
ɱ¾˫ǵʵǿǷǳ˾Ȼƾһֵ֮ܵסɱ¾˫ǵһֱͬ졣
ɱ¾˫־ŭ׼ʱȻһȣ˿ֲϣ˶оһ
ס֣
һӣźɫĳۣӸ߿н٣һɺɨ˻ĿֲϺƣڳ˶еһļ¡
ɱ¾˫Ҳû֮ǰôˣǹ
ҶĿʱӣʵڶԷֵʱ֪ǻǵĳˣΪֻлǵĳӵֲֿʵ
츳ɣôˣҶһֱۣӶɱ¾˫ʵ
ҶɫһȻվɱ¾˫һߵģ򲻿ܲˣֱѯɱ¾˫ǣɱ¾˫˵Ļ
Ȼ
ɱ¾˫еϴæ˵ȳֵģСȳɱǵڳ˶ܹ򡣡
˼ͨ鲼㳡϶ҲСȶֵġɱ¾˫е϶Ҳæ͵
˵ͷ漴ɫؿҶ죬ڵ˫ƥ⣬ȵ󵨿ͽ֪ǵɷ𣿾ڳڶ֣չ涨ӦýѺꡣ
ڣټλĿѹʱõڳһһվЩվˡ
Ҷһƽ֮ɫߵȻ鲼㳡Ӧ÷ǳǰǼԦޣֱײ˵˲ˣһ㣬ָνͣ
ЩȵؿҶ죬ƺû뵽ҶܹסƣҶĻ漴ɫЩѿˣû뵽Ҷ컹Ҷ죬ȵôѵҪһëͷСָֻŲɣ
ô˵ͲˣǳҲҪɷ£˵ԲԣǿȻ
Щɱ¾˫ײ˵ˣ˵Ǳɱ¾˫ײˣѵôҵزҳͷڳУǹʱȰɣ
ʱȵˣǸʱţǿĻǶʱһ˼ߣ׷״
ɱ¾˫Ǻֱײ˻ɷӦǲŶԡ
ִ
ִ
һȺ˴ҲŴ
Ȼɱ¾˫ǵ̫ˣǰû˳ͷ˳ͷͱŭ
ɱ¾˫Ƕʱɫޱѿǿһۣ˷ڵɱ⡣


1034 Է粨
˵Ⱥ鼤ܣԳλƣʱҲƣɫЩǳѿ޲ðǿˡ
ΪҲô۹صǿ߿϶ͷ
£ü֮غȵˣͷ޷ȻѾУǴ±㵽ΪֹɡǶú׼һ£ʮսҪˣΪǿ߱ʱȣÿʮսڵսǲӦúú׼һ£档
˵գ̤ն𣬷ˡ
ҶĿһ䣬λô˵ʵɱ¾˫ʮս֣ǿ֡
Ȼɱ¾˫ǿȥҶǿ¶Ц֮ɫе϶ɭЦСñʮս򣬺ٺ٣
ҶһЦмһˡ
ǿɫǳѿˣҪãɱ¾˫ǷֵһǾˡ
ʱɱ¾˫ȥˣҶ򿴵ǿɫʱЦŰοֲصģӦ㲻µġ
ǿкøУȻղ³֣ԷֻǺʶ̶̼꣬һλλͷǳмˡ
Ҷ֣֪ʮս֮ԽʮսΪΪʮƬǲͬһﲻҡǿԿЦ
Ҷüͷһ壬û뵽ʮսȻģʵѵÿ֮䲻ɿԽ𣿡
ǿԣһԽĻͻٽ٣ҿԽԽ࣬ٵԽ£˵һԽʮٽ٣ʱ򼴱λΣաǿ̾
ֻԼҪɱ¾˫Ƿֵһ
֣ģʱֻһȫаտԽҶ֣ص˵
ǿǿЦҶ֣ҲصģһʮδػᱻһͬҲδػɱ¾˫Ƿһ𡣡
ҶԵ˵ͷ
ʱΧһƬ
Ҷǿתͷȥɱ¾˫ǵĲԽˣе϶һԣҵİ׹⣬¶ǡ츳
ɱ¾˫ǵϴ֮¶ʮǡ츳ˡ
ɱ¾˫һƳҶǿһۣ漴̤ն뿪˴˵ء
ʱѾڿʮսĴΧһߣҲܵǱȥˣ˹ۿˡ
һֻʣҶǿˡ
Ҷ֣Ҫȫˣ㲻𣿡ǿɻ鿴Ҷ졣
ҶЦ˵ȻҪԣֻҲ뱻Ƿֶѡ
ǿԣϵɻŨˡ
ʱҶһӡ˺ϣʱһ۵ĽⱬʹһɫĹֱƲ񷡣
ǿʱɴ۾𺳡
ߣҶҴɨ˺һۣǿ뿪
Լ䣬ǿɫĴ֣ӵŸ֣ҳŵڶųȥ
ɫĴǡҶ졣

ǿг𺳣ڸǱҶ˲뿪˴˵ء
Ҷ쾹Ȼʲô츳ȼӵǳ֮
Ҷǿո˲뿪˵صʱ򣬲Զʹһ漴һǿɨź̽ȥ
һȺѹѹȺҲź
ҲԷˡ
ʱھ޴ĺϣҶ족ɫĴ֣Ѿڶţ˵һš
֣˵һţѹֻ̫𡢻֮ϣΨ𣬾¡
ôܣ
ȸϵĻǳһ۾Ϳѹֻ̫ȾŴǿͷϵɫ֣ʱһ𾪡
һڸϹΧ۵ǣҲš
ţһˣڶţʱȣûһš
ڣȻһ˳Խ˵һţѹֻ̫һǿߵͷ
Ǻεȵ츳
ѵҪȼʱ
˶𾪵˵˲֮󣬲ŴһƬ֮֮಻
ҶǿʱҲȺ֮УǺҫ۵Ľɫ֡
⡭⡭ǿ𾪵˵֮ǰҶ˲ƳȥʱֻҶֳĵڶš
ҶڶţѾȼԱΪʷǿļ֮һ
û뵽Ҷ쾹ȻԽ˵һţվ۷壬ӾŴǿߣ¡
Ҫεȵ츳
ѵλҶֵ츳ıȼ
ǿѾ˵ˡ
Ҷ˭ʶ𣿡
ǻǵ𣿡
Ӧòǰɣ뿪ʱ򣬺û˲ˡ
Ӧǵˣ֪һʱȻľǲ󰡡
츳ֻ̫˻ҪһɳҪֱ׷¡
Ҳ£ȵɳȻԴǿߣ״˺ڰ񡣡

ʱǰ۷׷ף졣
˶̸Ҷ죬ڴҶȴûһ֪Ҷݺ
ҶҶ֡ǿߵҶ죬ͻȻһɳصѹȸУ·һλ߲ʵľ
ֲˣһԶѣҲȱһЩǿ䣬һЩƽ֮ȴ̤˸ߵ硣Ҷһ̹Ȼ˵
ǿжʱ˾壬д˵츳ȴɱ¾˫ǣľ콾
ʱǵĺǰҲΧߡ
Ҷһβԣעʱȣܶ˶׷Ҷݺ
һ籩עڶʱƽϢ
Ȼǽӣ۵ﶼᷢ⣡ĳһУа֮ӿǰҫ۵֣ʱһ̾
漴а֮Ҳǰȥвԡ
úһҵĽɫǵĺһҵĽ⡣
ţҶ쾪ȵؿǰĺû뵽ȻԲ֮Ҳʸ
а֮ӡֳֵʱҶʱ۾һ
ˣҶʱڴˣ˵һʱȵȺݴ½ǿߣҲʼһˡ
а֮ӵ֣ͣ˵ţҲԭĵڶţȼ硣
ǵߣ˿̸ӷˡ
а֮ڵǳԽӴа֮ӣƽ۽
׺а֮ӶѾˣҲܵ͵ˣǺǣͬһУһ΢ЦҶʥǰȥвԡ
䣡
֮󣬾ǳصĺٴ𶯣ҵĽɫâһγϲ񷡣
Ѿ𺳵˵ˡ
λ콾ˣ
ҶʥҲ˵ţа֮ӲС
Ҷ쿴Ҷʥ֣ʱ˿֪ԼƽͨǰĿˡ
֮Ϸ硢ս޼޳̵ҲкֻЩеš
ǵǣ򳹵׷ˣһ֮ڣô콾޵ţֱԽǵ
һ죬עҪʱ𶯡


1035 в
ݴ½ʱȵһ콾вԣһк˾ǣҳʱȴ鿪
Ҷ쿴˶ˣҲ˿
ҶѾͨǰĿ飬˾ǣȻͬһطԺܹʱ
źٱâ֮󣬻ڷڵǣҲʼ׼ʮսˡ

ǳȵǿʱ˫ֹעȥʹǰĴ󱬷һҵԣ㳡
ҶǿȺУ׼봫
ȥɣģǻᱻ䵽ʮսʮ򡣼סÿֻһöɫƣֻеõһöɫƣʸռ䣬̤֮ء
ǳȵ
һ˶ʱʼ̤ϴʧһҵĹâ֮С
ȵҶǿ̤ϴʱ΢΢۾һЦ
Ҷжʱһ֪ȻԲٿô϶⽫Ǵ͵һƬ
ʱҶҲûʱֹͱڵĿռͳȥˡ
ɱ¾˫Ҳ̤ϴ󣬳ǵ˵ͷҲ˳ȥ
һ˶뿪ˣǳһЦر˴뿪˹㳡

ʮս
Ҷ۾ʱ򣬲ŷνʮսʵʮŹϵ
ʱʹһ֮ϣųȥ̫̽գ̾ͿΧоſ򣬳һԲΡ
ͬʱҶ컹֣ʮÿһŶһ޴ţûаϵʵ޷Խȥ
ֻа񼶱ǿߣܿ絽򡣡
Ҷ찵뵽
ͬʱ󷨵оԷ֣ǰִĹһ߽룬ͻήٹ
ҲƵġ
ȻƳʮսˣʵҲϣ˽пģֻΪرǿ׼ģԲ˿顣
Ҷûмȥ磬ɨӶǰȥ׼ҵһ˵ʱȥѰǿ
ֻǣҶɨȥʱȴޱȾ㵵һĻ
䣡
Ҷһ˲ƣʱһɽǰһƺ£ֱɽ¶ɽڲеһٿɫơ
ôܣ
еƾȻǷɢġ
ҶʱһͻȻֲõԤУһ̫ɺ˰ɣô׾ͱҵһٿơ
Ȼڴʱǧǿ̽Ӷ漴һɹǿϢ
ӦǻǳƵİɣҶʱ¶Ц
еƶͻΪ˵ĵˣܵ˵Ĺ
һн赶ɱˣ
ҶλǵĳзǳԷڻƫɱ¾˫ǣưǽˡ
Ϊܺ𣿡ҶһЦ漴һӣһٿ
ʵˣ޾һС
ϾЩ˶ṳ̂񾳽磬ҲĶ֡
䣡䣡
ڴʱһǿӰ˺ѿռһɫȫʥϵǿߣлʮλʥһ
ڣƺպգһӾͽҶΧסˡ
˶˫ȣضҶ죬Ϊ֮ǰ͸ѾҶһٿɫơ
ƣһʥȵȴûг֣Ϊ֮ǰҶɱ¾˫ǵսȻֻ̽ԵĹҲ֤Ҷʵͷ
ֻҪһöƣλҶ죬˵
ͬҶĳ֣֪ҶʵǿԲҶսǸûҪϾֻҪһöƣܽռˣҲûá
еľʮöƽȺдȵ
Ȼʥ𣬺ҶƷָЩʥͰһЩʥƾʲôҶ
ԣʱΨһõģǴơ
˵ĴѹˣҶ콻ʮöƣеһЩ˻лᡣ
Ȼȴǲ˽ҶΪˡ
ҶȷҪһöƣǿöƾ㹻ˡ
ЩҪǺúø˵ҶȻָʣµƣˣҪҲûá
ȻЩһڣʥȣһССʥҲҳԴȣΪҶģûһ˿
Ҷɫʱһͬһ㣬ǰɨȥߵʲôҽͽ
Ļ˾ŭӣû뵽Ҷһ˵вȻ˳ԣȫ˷
һλʥȵˣȻʵҲҪ̫ˣһѵԿˣȰ㻹ǹԹԽưɣ
ţҶŭЦ˵˭ţһڣвƾʲôҽƣң˭Դ𣿾ҽƣô䣿
λʥҶĻҭ˵ǵͨ졣
һλʥ򿪿˵ˣղҵ³çˣҪôҲûãαҵΪأ
ǰĻһ˻Ǻвˣ˻ҶЦ
λʥֱҭ˵ˡ
ȺУǸǰ˵ʥٶȿڵҸϻʲô̸ֽôһٿơ
һΣҶ׼˫ⱬǿ˲Ⱥеһӣ̧־һƺ¡
ʲôӼе
ҶЦȺᣬΪҲᷢһССʥҲڱңѾӭŭ׼ˡ
ҶһգʱץסӣѲá
־ֻţɵö˴λѵǻԸ⽻ƣȥֻᱻơ
˵ʱһԥ
ҶЦʱ򻹸ң
˵գҶһգǿʱӵҪӺɱ
ȻʱλʥˣмλʥǿҲˣٵµĹʱҶɱȥ
Ҳ𣿡
ҳȫǣ
Ҷһʥ屬ֲϯǽɫѪͬһȼգһ˫ɫӣƥâ˺ա
ʱΧˣоһ·ɽѹ
ãˣ˾ֵ
Ѿˡ
Ҷ̧־һ̫֮ƣϯЩҶֵȫסˡ
¡¡
һ쳹񷡣
ҶֵˣȫҶʣмʥ壬Ҳ˲䱻Ҷٶһƺ
Χûгֵһˣʱһŵûë


1036 
Ƭ֮䣬ٶλǿߣȻȫҶɱˡ
رˣѿռ籩ϯķ綼һƬҡ
Ҷ߿գȫɣֲĽɫѪͬһȼգȵĹâ㡣
ǿƵһĻ˸о䣬ҶĿУ˾η亹սս
Ҫ𣿡
Ҷ쿪˵һ˫ɫӣųõâ˺ص쵶Χһ˵һɨ
ʱ̲סһη֮ɫ˭Ҳٿһˡ
˭ҪҲҪȥܲУǰ̫ǿˣֱȼˣǿԿġ
̨һʯ֪ǷԻȡһöƣʱ֮Ψһһλ񿪿˵óһɫľʯ⣬͸һǿϢ
Ҷ۾ʱһʯͷڵĴ濴ҵõ˿ռ侧ʯڿӦһźڰʯΪɢǿҵĺڰ
Ҷɱ¾ɷںڰڰʯҲǳãڹؼʱ̲
Ҫ֪Ȼǿ󣬵ĵҲǳ죬ҺѲ䣬ڰʯôͿˡ
Ҷ쵱µ˵ͷȡһƶλ
лλæסƣҽеĺڰʯҶ졣
Ҷ漴ʵڰʯǴõģ
ڰʯеõģ˵ռ֮лʯҲҵҪռһԭ򡣡λ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ΧҪĶҲ
˶ʱһ⶯ֻҪܹȡƣռ䣬Ǿлʲôﶼá
£ʣµļλʥ׷óһЩҶ컹ơ
ʵҶҪôҲûãղô˵ֻǲЩǰɵõƶѣЩʥó֮󣬾Ҳ㽻ˡ
Χ۵˼Ҷô˵Ҳһ⶯
ǵʵɲȷʥͰһȡƣȴδܹסƣԳٳٲжѡҶ죬Լĵص㡣
ҶҲûΪǣϾЩԺǿߣǵʵܹǿҲкô
£Ҷ뿪˵أ֮ǰԼĽص㣬ʼһ
ֱֻʣöʱųзȥ
찡
Ҫʲô
Ҫ𣿡
ƣֻҪȵʱȻʸռ䣬ΪλҪ磿
ּҿԴģ
쿴ף׺󣡡

Źϵһˣʱ
ΪҶӰʵ̫ҫ۶ĿˣȫâɣƲ񷣬һȭͳػȥ
䣡
һɫףһܼҶ£ſֲѹ硣
˾һĻ̫ˣǻǵһο֮ǿ
Ҷⱬȫ¹âɣҵĽɫԣӲڻЩףǿǰδеĿֲ
еףҶϣǼֱ͸ϴһˡ
˻ȭ
Ҷ˫ȭӶ񷣬µȭâ̫ͬڸ߿бҵĹԣ䴩档
¡¡
ھҲ·Ҫһ
ıˣ
̫ǿˣһѾ𣿡
ʵѾȼˣһŰ
ѵ֮ǰЩںľ콾ǣдˣ

һ۷׷ףȫסˡ
ͬʱ뵽֮ǰǻ׼ΧҶ죬ǼֱΪ붼ñһ亹
䣡
ڱҶ򴩣һǿ֮Уʧ˵֮С
ϧ֪ʲô֣һЩźϾôǿ϶ʱȡ
ȫ⣬ѪƣӦӵд˵еʥ塣λ˵
˶ʱһ󾪺ʥʮǿʣǳ֮
ѹִӵôֲʵ

ǿ֮УҶգɨǰľſüͷ΢΢һ塣
ЩȻҵ̽ӣҲ֪ǿһ򣿡Ҷ
΢˼Ƭ̣Ҷһ˲ƶȥû취ֻһſŵѰˡ
󣬵Ƿǳס
ȵҶ֮Ͼһֲ׳಻
鷳Ҷü漴ſһ̫ͼ赲Щ׵ĺǰȥ
׺Ƶ
Ҷĳ֣Ѿ˵ע⣬ǿһĻ׷׵һ֮ɫ
λǿˣҿ
ҪʲôʵӦú׵õһöưɣΪλҪ磿
˭֪أǰ˵Щ˷ǳţϲʮս磬սǿߣư¡
ǻǶҪΪ

ǶǳһţȫϢ
ЩͷʥǣҲܿҶ졣
ûУҶѰ˼죬ֲûǿӰҡҡͷзȥ
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Ҷ޾һУӶ˻ȭ俪뿪
ϵһ˿ĿɿڴβŻָ
Ҫ磿
һֱһ̬
ÿһΣ׵ᷭǿͲ±

𾪲ѡ
ֱ̬ǻǵһοϸһ룬ͻȻЩϤ
ˣ֮ǰɱ¾˫ͻǸˡͻȻ˵
˴ʱҲˣ׷׾ޱȡ
׼ɱ¾˫Ǳ𣬹ɱ¾˫ߵˣڴֻЦ
Ҳδأɱ¾˫Ƕпʵ˺ϻλҲһսδػǵĶ֡˵
ϧû취ȥս
̾нһź
󣬴һɱ¾˫϶Ǿ춯صһս
䣡
ʱҶһνһ
һΣϤӰڲԶĸ߿зЦ֮·ϵ£Ψ
ɱ¾˫ǣҶʱһ䡣
ɱ¾˫ǴʱһףѲذ˻ģ·ǵͳ֮¡
ǿɣöˣô㻹ܶ㵽ȥɱ¾˫е϶Ц
¸㣬֣ͬһģɱ¾˫ǵϴɭЦݣһȭ£عѣɽХ
Ұףĳɽ֮Уǿŭ𣬵Ҳ˲Сй¶һ˿Ϣ
ɱ¾˫еϴ۾һЦڱҷˣ
£һȭɽǿʱò˳
Сӣڣɱ¾˫ǵ϶Ц
ȻڴʱǷһɫӰн٣һЯޱߵףƬ
Ҷ죡ǿˣʱ־ϲ


1037 
Ҷнٶ£ǿƣΣڵͬ嫺һϣ񷣬ɨء
ͷɫĳڱ趯ͬһƬɫĺһ˫ɫ˫ƥâ˺գء
һɽӵ޵֮ƣ
ǲϺףʹһ׺߳޵ս˸ܵһϢѹ
Զɱ¾˫붯ݣͫг𺳡
磡
кԥӿֳһʡ
ңǹҶף϶ҶȻֹһΡ
Ƿǳ𾪡
Ҫ֪ÿһΣܵԽǿ
ǣҲΣһУǲòء
Ҷ죬ôˣЩסΪղҶ˲ƶģǿһûзЩף˿ЩҲŶʱޱȣæ㿪ҽӽ
ͬʱǿҲ֪Ҷǿġ
ҶΪʲô磿϶Ѱģг˸ж֪Ҷһˡ
ȥǣҶǿ˵ͷ漴ͫ׿ǰɱ¾˫ǣҵɱ
ǡСģǿԭҪֹģǿҶ춼ҿˣضԼʵоԵţȥԶս
ɱ¾˫ҶĻɵ¶Ц֮ɫ
Բѣɱ¾˫еϴ˳Ŀɭ磬ߴģƥⷽضս
磬֮ɣɱ¾˫е϶Ҷ죬һգ·סء
ͣ
ֻһѪɫìпۣɢŷϢŻһеӿȡ
Сӣû뵽㾹ҿѰʡȴһ鷳ɱ¾˫е϶һЦ֮ɫеѪɫìֱӶأҶ졣
䣡
һ̣ն˴ը
ò˵ɱ¾˫ǵʵǳǿ϶žǵ츳ʵ֮ǿѾһİˡ
ȻǶѾڰ·ߵļޣ͵Žռλˡ
ϧǣǰҶ죬Ҷ죬ע޷λ
䣡
Ҷʲôû˵ֻǴ߶ʥ壬ʩչ˻ȭǽɫȭâһҫ۵̫ձը캳ء
ɱ¾˫ǵͫһ𾪺Ͳš
ǸѪɫìֱӱҶһȭ飬ǿֲȭǴһƥɱ¾˫е϶һȭ
ۣɱ¾˫е϶ҽУѪȾ˲񷡣
ס֣ɱ¾˫еϴʱ֣һȭƵµȭأⷽ綼ˡ
ȻһжˣҶֺ飬һ̫֮£ֲĽɫӡƥɱ¾˫е϶ʣһ
ɱ¾˫еϴ󿴵Լֵܲʱ־ŭŭڣˡ
żҲȥɣҶ˵
ֵܣû˿øУԷ֪۹᧿Σʵ˼ЧȥȴѹӵܣǸ
ɱ¾˫еϴŭһҶ죬ֲ֮ϵʮǹ⽵٣һ𣬳Ҷѹȥ
ǳƣ
Ҷ΢΢һһǿ
ǴƷˡ
ϹʱĳǿߣǳĴʼߡ
޵񹦿ǳ֪֮ӵǳ֮չֳʲô
ҶЩڴЩء
Ҫ֪ƷȻֻ޵񹦣ȴԼģԼ似ԼŻǿ
̫֮ƣҶȻҲᣬʵս϶Ȳ̫ʩչ
ΪֻԼ似ʺԼ
ʵӣҶҲһֱоռоԼĵڶʽҪˣʱ϶޵񹦣ֱ׷칦
䣡
Ҷʩչ̫֮ƣǳˣֲͬӿȵĳӣڶûɱ¾˫еϴ
磡
Ҷ漴չϯҪܵɱ¾˫еϴסˡ
ҪܣˣҶЦˣôܻŹɱ¾˫еκһˡ
ɱң֪֪ҲǳˣɱңŹģҲŹġɱ¾˫еϴ
ľˣǰ˵ʵͨλ֮ϣǵڰ񾳽磬ҲͲˡ
ԭˣҶԻȻ漴һЦ֮ɫѹֳ̻ɱ¾˫ǣԭǺɱ¾˫һ֮ѡ

ҶЦ˭Ȳ㣡
Ҷ˵գɱ¾˫еϴһȭ£ֲȭ⣬㣬ռ䶼飬ضȥ
䣡
ڴʱɱ¾˫еϴóһŽɫƤݺݵضһھѪͷ
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𶯣ǹۣ⳯ҵĹâ̵˶۾
һĸߴΰӰԡǳ֮⣬ɱ¾˫ǵϴǰһɳơ
˸ɱǳ֮ˣ˴ȵضҡκͲ
̫ˣԳԽ˰񣬴ﵽλľ硣
ߣ
Ҷһʥ屬˼£ҫ۵ĽɫâŶѹȥƵЩǹ⵹ˣƿһء
е˼Ȼʥ壬ɸұţңõޱҫۣҰ
㱾ԣʸ֪ҵţһͶӰľѪ֪ҵ֡Ҷ˵һȭ˹ȥ
ʥ壬˵еǿųʥ壬ҵҪӵʵΣҲŭֻǵһЦ㳯Ҷһ
ͬǳƣһ̣ǹⶼٶ£һҫޱȵǳ·һܼǿա

Ҷɫ΢΢һ޵ڶԷУȴǱȫǳ֮ⶼǿֲ۶Ȼ˿µơ
һ̣ҶҲȷǰ֮˵ˣ¾λ
Ȼɱ¾˫ǵ츳Ƿǳ϶ģȻһξѪڹؼʱ̿ݻһ߾Ѫȴֻλ
һѪλʵ֪
Ҷɫأһ̣ԼʵҲѹƵλ񾳽磬ʩչ˻ȭɱȥ
Ҫͬһս𣿺ܺãңǺε˲ͷҶѹʵɵһ£һƼ
¡¡
ǿ𶯣ҪѿԶЩȫΧȥҽӽ
Уػ׳Ҷ
սĵطһƬڣ
ΨһԿģǹͳҵĽɫԣ嫺ӿޱߵ㡣


1038 ع
찡ǲ𣿡
ǵģֻ˵һξѪʵֻλ񾳽硣
˾Ȼͬһսʵ츳ֱ˲ð˭֪ʲô֣
֪

Զһ𾪵ؿƬڵս
ǿս˫ȭ֮ɫѹܹѹֻ̫ˣк۷壬츳ƾ
˶𾪲ѡ
ҶսѾ˰ȻǵÿһٵأһƬ綼ڶ
ֻԶԶۿٽನǡ
ʥ壬ʥȻ鴫ȷͬס˵Ŀ࣬˿Ũܣӣӳǳ֮⣬˶ɢһɽӣΨơ
ˣעϵ޵еĴڣһһɢŰ֮ƣ˲С
ǳ֮Ҳϧ㲻Ǳ壬ЩźҶ˵ǰȥһٱͬڶĺˮûء
ʱ˵СС˵Ҳվ֮ʱһЦǳ֮⣬ЯĿֲҶһײ
ȻһվסҶĸǹɽɫԺըɱ
Σ壬âǹ⽵٣еͬһصף֮䣬ǹⱬһܼûҶ졣
˻ȭҶһХ˶𣬽ɫȭƥĹԣ㣬ͬը̫ſһ赲
񲻱䣬ǰƽǹⶼǰͬһǣһſڵϵغҶ졣
Ҷſ̫ͼ޴̫ͼҫ۵Ĺâ㶼˹ⷽζסһй
Ծ칬ɫڱˣĿдһ˿ɡ
ҲԾ칬Ǿ칬ĹҶһʩչŶǾɫ񶦣Ϊһ壬һϾ޶ɢƥԡ
Ŷ񣡡ɫ䣬Ϲʱɳھ칬޵֮£ȻʶֿµĹ칦
껹̹ϧȴС
ϧվǾ𣡡漴ɫת䣬ָƽ˫²񷣬ǳ۶ûء
һ̣Ҷ쿴һſŹϵĴǳͬõģҲͬʵģǳ𺳡
һϵľ޴񶦣ЩӲĥˡ
һƬڡ
ò˵ǳ̫֮ˣȻǳ֮Ϊãʹսõ˺ܴ
Ҷû˿⣬ֻһϵս⡣
ȣ
Ҷʥ屬˼£ǹɽɫѪڱϾ죬һƬɫӣû档
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҷϱֲܵ
ʥųͬǿɲЦʵġ
䣡
ֻҶ˫ȭӶɫԣſ磬ֲᴩأͷɫ
ǳƣһǳ֮ȫ۵˫֮䣬ȻһƬƥǿգһ˳ȥ
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ʱһƬڡ
Ҷ˫ȭͬһɫսǰɱǳһȭȭ飬ǿնˡ
ۣ
Ѫɳȥϵǹһ󰵵֮С
˻
Զһ˵һ
ǿѾʱȣû뵽Ȼڴ˰ܸһ֮
⡭ⲻܣɱ¾˫еϴ󣬶ʱɴ۾š
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ʱ㣡Ҷһһȭֲ״ݻƬ𶯲ѡ
ɱ¾˫еϴ״ֵľͳȥﻹҼҶս
ɱ
Ҷһ䣬ɱƹâһһϽɫĳǹͶȥ
ǵж˿ѾȫױȵһǹͶ˲񷣬˺˿ռ䣬ɱ¾˫еϴᴩѪȾء
ɱ¾˫еϴȻҽУսҪߡ
ҶѾ˲ƶˣһȭͺ£ҵĽɫȭս곹ĥһѪⶼûʣ
Ƭس׻ָƽֻҶɫӰգɢɵĽɫԣǿա
˶𾪵˵ˣɱ¾˫ˣٻҲˡ
ĽɫսעҪһսʱȡ

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ʮսĹϴȻҵĹâ˶ʱףعʱ䵽ˡ
һЩõƵˣȻޱȣһЩûƵˣޱʧ䡣
һЩҶˣȴԶҲ޷ҫ貵ĽɫӰ
ǵĴ㳡ϣһӰӴгʱǳҲվڸ߿УһӰ
˵и˶ο磬ɱɱ¾˫ǣն˵ķ
ֻһ˿磬ȴ֪¡
ҾͲµˣû뵽õˣɱ¾˫ǾͲ˵ˣȻ˵ķˡ

˵ĵ˴Ҳ̸㳡϶ʱ졣
ǳʼǳƽЩ֮󣬶ʱɫһ䣬г𾪡
˵ʲôǳʱ٣ץסһߣʵɱ¾˫Ǳɱˣ˭ɱģ
зǳ𾪣һ˵Уȷвǿİ񣬵Ƕնɱɱ¾˫ǲŶԡ
ǵǸɱ¾˫ͻˣһɫǳۡæ˵
ǳʱͫһԺиֳҶӰжʱ𺳡
뵽Ҷʵû뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼɱɱ¾˫ǣһ˵ľѪ
һֻһ
ǳɫһƬ粻ĿصŴ
ڴʱ
䣡
âֳϤӰҶǿˡ
һָҶ쾪
ʱҶܵһĿ⳯㳡ϵˣ
ǿЩˣоѹһɽ޷ƽͬʱҲ˼
ҶһȻɨˣӭһĿ⿴ȥ
ǻǳ
ɫؿɱɱ¾˫ǣ֮УһɿֲѹΧ˲Ծ˿ˡ
Ҷ쵭˵񣬺ηֱӳһƳΧն
ǿЩסǵƳɵóԶȥ
ͫһ漴ɫˣȵ󵨣㲻֪ɱ¾˫ǵ츳һɳǾǿߣδ԰ǵֵڰڶɱţõ
ţͲȭ£ֻзŻȭ¡Ҷ˵
һɱΧ¶ȶȥ


1039 ս
㳡ϣһƬž
˶˵ԶԶأֻʣҶͳԳţ˵Ŀ⣬ƥɱн㣬˺˲񷡣
˶˾޴ѹȸУϢ·һصĴɽ
һƬ˸ҽӽ
ŵգ˷ӳȥ
һҶ죬㻹ûгɳɱ޹ţǵȵԺɳ˵ᱳ壬ͶЧڰ񣬸Ĵ󻼣ע㲻á
㡭ԶǿԴ󾪣Ҫڡ
ʱǿƳѹأ㳡ϣõóҶ֮ˣ޷ˡ
˶ʱһɫޱ֪Ҫˡ
Ҷؿ֮λ޴ǡ
ͷӲܺãЦйâһȻһ˺ɫĳìɱ
ͬʱȫս׸ǣһ̫ޣ͸һĿֲɱ
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬˼ȻԳΪǵĳʵȷСλҲǶġ
ʵϣֻ֪۹´͵λ񣬲ܹغ󷽣Ϊһλǳʱǿš
ִ㲻һ֮Ҷ˵ͬâһһϽɫĳǹĺ⣬ɱ˺Ѳ񷡣
ҪʵǿٷϻֳֺɫìΪһɫ磬˺˿ռ䣬
磬Ʋ񷡣
û˿ӰĺɫìѾҶˣȻֵǣûһѪҺҶ¡
ǲӰԶ˾
Ȼһ̣һɫӰһϽɫĳǹųݺݴ£Ҷ졣
ìǸҶ죬Ϊâƾɢˡ
Ӱ
ԭ²Ӱ˲ʧٶȷ
ҶٶȻӿ졣
ʱȻղֻһҲλʵԷȻԶ㿪Ҿҷ
⻹һ
ʱҲû˿меĺɫì߸߾Ҷĳǹײ
㺮â˸ʱâɣǿϯ˷գ㳡϶ˡ
еӸһ񷣬ǿա
ϾǻǣǵսˣΪѴ̡
ҶȻҲٵǣԾųһ̤ǿ֮УеϽǹͬһɫףųȥ˺һռ䡣
ɱ۹شս꣬һսǳ£еĺɫìȫΪɱɱûһʽԡ
ҶԴиܣЩŵص̫źᣬӵս޲ĥġ
Щ꣬Ҷһ·սϣһ콾ɱħ桢ߵսʲôսûп
ԣҶӦҲ࣬еϽǹΪâ֣䴩ռ䣬ⷽս
̫֮ƣ
ͻȻһһƺɫӡƥܣ񷣬ƬضС
ʲôô̫֮ƣҶ𾪲ѣͬһƺ˳ȥҲ̫֮ơ
˵ײ貵Ľ⣬漴ͬʱʧ
ʲôСֵģ̫۹أֻҪȥ۹صߣõ̫֮ơֻϧֻֻ̫ղһסЦ
ҶʱȻ򣬿Ϊ˵ֵڰֻ̫ǲûв˽ѡԼĹ칦ǿߡ
ò˵һ˽ľ˷ǳ塣
Сӣ㵽˭ʵǰ׳գҶûнλȴ˼λʵ츳Բƽˡ
Ҷ죡Ҷ˵漴ʩչ֣ǿֲƣ캳أ޴Ļֹ񷣬ĥ档
Ҷ죡
Ի뵽˺һ֡
ȻǴˣ
ʱ򣬳Ѿ֪ԼһʲôţǱҪǿţ츳ֻ̫Ҫߡ
ô֣ܳо֣ȻˣǵԺɳл·
һ˲䣬ɱǣɫĳìֲ⣬˺Ѳ񷣬ɱҶ졣
޴Ļڹɫì飬ƥľâҪҶ춴
䣡
Ҷʥ屻߶˼£ƥĽɫѪһƬɫ죬ǿա
ɫĳìϽǹסҶӶɫȭݺݵֲܣһɱڲֹĳӣûǿա

ս·磬ó־ŭʵŭȫѪֲƵҶ
Ҷ˫ɣͬһɫ޵ս񣬳ƽѣʯá
һ綼ǵನˣǳڲƺҪˡ
ҵʵȷλˡҶеǳ˷ܣṳ̂λ񾳽磬Ѿλս
ȵλ񾳽磬ʵ϶λ
ʱУλѾǳǿˣϾܹĺ٣ʱҲʮ˶ѣһǸʱľۡ
۹صսϣλλսֻڹؼʱ̣Ż֡
Ǻڰһݴ½һǳƣûоԵİսԷ֮ǰ˭ս
ɶ񣡡
Ҷ˷ܣȴһơ
һõλ񣬾Ȼڶһ񣬶һѹŴֱ̫ˡ
Ҫ𣿡ҶͻȻǹ˵
˵ʵ࣬ҶʹռһЩƣҲ޷ɱٴȥֻ˷ʱѡ
ݺݵصҶһۣɭɭɱǳˣǲŹġ
˵գͷ˻ǡ
ҶǸһĨмЦݣҲŷ˻ǡ
˶ˣղҶѹų򣬿Ǳ˶С
ôǿƵǻǵһοֱš
ܶ˶ǿҶݣϧǿؿƿʲôҲ˵һΡ
ҶڻصǺ󣬾ǿбչȴռĿ
ΪҶܣûӣʱҲһֱڱչأŲ
Уȴǳ죬˶Ҷ죬ϾҶնɱɱ¾˫ǣܳս̫ˡ
ϧǲ֪Ҷ֣ҶºܿҪʱˡ
Ҷ֣ܿռҪˣϽ׼һ°ɣٱչˡһǿЦŹҶ˵
һ꣬úΪҶĹϵܶ˶Ըύֱ˻ǵķ
Ȼû˶ҲûнҶ͸¶ȥ
ֵһǣڴƼޣ˷ʥ磬ǰռ䣬п̤λ񾳽硣
Ҫ𣡡ǿĻҶ컺۾ƽȴޱȵ䣬ͬǿա
ǿ࣬ڶҿҶ۾·һͻڰԨ֮С


1040 ŭ
ϵǣռ伴һǧõƵǿߣȫѾۼ˴㳡
Ҷڴ˵ʱ˵Ŀⶼоηģмɵģгݵģȵġ
ǳһĿҶһɨ漴ȵȫ봫󡣡
˵գԿϵĴÿһδͶһˡ
ʮδ͡
ҶǿҲһ𱻴ˡ
ڴϽɢҶ죬ǳ¶һ˿Ц
֪ռʲôطűĹâҶаڴţֻҪռ䣬ͿԵõ籾Դλˡ
䣡
ͻȻҶ쿴ʮֲĹâը
Ҷ۾ʱһɣȴǾŭط֣ڴһͷѾȴʮǿߣһҶ˱ɱ
ʮ˶λÿһȻǳʮ˳֣ѣأǿֲܣǿȫɱˡ
Ҷ˫죬ֻǿɴ۾Ҳˡ
Σʱ̣Ҷʥ屬˼£ƥĽɫѪӿû˲񷡣
ͬʱһž޴̫ͼλס
Ȼʮλһ̫ǿˣֻصһӾʹݻ̫ͼݺݵغҶ֮ϡ
һ˲䣬Ҷѷ죬
ߣһߵ
ɱǳˣһɭЦ
ʮٶȳ֣Ҷ촭ʱ䣬ǻϢٶѹȶ
ǣ
Ҷ˫Ѫ죬ŭ
û뵽ǳ͵ôãȴڴˣһ
ǿ˶ˡ
ҪǳҶŭѪȼգѸ޸Լ壬һ˳ȥ
ԲѣһЦһȭ޴ȭͷһΰĹǣѹأ졣
䣡Ҷʩչ˻ȭ֮ײȴǲУɳȥѪ硣
Ҫղܵشһʵֻʣ°ˡ
ǰˣԸڻǳ֮ϣλ۷弶Ĵڡ
һֻ϶ѣҲǳΪУʣµľ̤նÿ˶һµǳƣͬ嫵ǿգҶɡ
̫֮ƣҶҧʩչ̫֮ƵֵȻɳȥƼˣԶ
úǰˣڸ˫ȭѵ֣ȶһΪ
ɱʮ˲ɱŹҶ졣
磡ҶӶʮУʹ޷˲ơ
û뵽СӾȻѾ磬Բͷüͷһ֮ʣɱʵʻ
ŸҲ֪Ҷ츳ֲԺǣǳ֮ʱˡ
ԣʮ˶һھѪϵսӲſĽ˲ɱҶ졣
ռ֮ҶѸٱɫȼվѪʹţһӱʮɫĹʮ֡
ۣ
ɹؽסʮˣҶԼҲΪķѾѪ̫࣬ʹϼˣɫһҰףѪ硣
ʱҶɲҾ˺ѿռ˲ȥʧƬãĴϡ
ȵʮѽʱȴҲҶӰˣʱ־ŭ
ûϵҪλ񣬱ض٣ʱȻӦõң汾ԴҲô׻õģߡͷ˳˵
£Ҳ뿪˴˵ء
ǸҶľʮˣȴ汾ԴûпѾɢˡ
ֻʣһƬǽս
ۣ
֮һɫɽ֮УҶѪҵĴضһ
ϵѷԽԽ࣬ɫѪҺضǣɫ԰ֽ
һʵ̫ˣڲִ֮䱻شȼվѪķѴԴƷǳء
ʮսõһڰʯҶ촭˿æȡڰʯ
ʱһɾҶ֮ȫ޸壬ȹԼơ
ˣԼºҶŽ޸ȫҲȹֻҪٹܳ׻ָˡ
һ뵽ǿǰľףҶͷͳŭ
ǳǳ
Ҷս˫ȭͨ죬ɱ
ģһҪɱǳǳЩˡ
ڣ汾ԴˣúҶһʰ飬ʼ·
Ҫ𣬾ͱҪʵҪʵǾ͵ҵ汾Դ̤λ񾳽硣
ǿǰƬãأҶȴ֪һʱôӺ
طƣȫǼӲʯһɽݣԶһ޵ŭɢſֲϢȻȫʥޡ
Ҷ챾Ϊܸܵ汾ԴȻλ񣬵ڣȴ˿ûиܵ汾ԴϢ
ҶΣֻüУԼϢ
һ·򱱣Ҷʱ˲ƣʱУһʱ䣬ſһΰľ޳ǣ֮£ڻɫĽʯ֮ϡ
ҶڳڸӦǿϢҲʥкܶʥͰϢ
Ҷ쵱ϲž޳Ƿȥ
޳û֣ǳҲǳ򵥣ֻǱôͨʮɽΧǳǽˡ
һǧˣʶı˴˾ۼһ̸жԱչġ
Ҷ˴һ£֪εõ汾Դ
ԭΪݴ½õػ󷨷Ѿû汾ԴˣռУȴлõ汾Դ
Ϊ۹񾳽ǿרɱȥӶ汾ԴȻӡ˻ӽռ֮Уúӵܻá
Щ汾ԴҲԵģԼҪãʱ򲻽ҪǿʵҪ
Ȼһ취Ǿǵȴȴ汾ԴԼ֡
ǰǷֵһɣƺ汾Դϲ˶ĵط֣ռ֮УγһЩǳء
Ƕۼһ𣬵ȴ汾Դ֡
ԭˣҶȻѹЩǳΧ˺ܶսĺۼǵ汾ԴֵʱΪսɵƻ
£ҶҲһطʼȴˡ
Ҳ֪ǲҶǳãһº󣬲ԶʶȻŹâɫɢɫʣǳ
汾Դڶʱ
ʱһ˫˫ȵĿ⿴ʣһǿӰ𣬳Ǹ˲ƶȥ
ʱҶȻһɳ죬û˿ʵʱӳȥ˸ǣ޷˲ơ
ʲô
ɶ񣡡
Ȼ˲ˣ

ʱһŭ
ҶЦųһţǿ߿˲ƣʱһɵģвɵ־ŭ
ʱҶѾץסһ汾Դ磬˲ȥˡ
ˣڿ˲֮󣬷׷׳ʣµ汾Դսʱ춯أһƬҡ


1041 
汾Դҵģ
˭Ҳ


УһƬңսϯء
Ϊ汾ԴЩʥʥڰǣȫһ
Ҷץסһ汾Դ˲뿪ˡ
汾Դ𣿡һȫĵط֮ҶؿеĲɫţȻɫȴֱڡ
⡭
Ҷʱ𾪣ţоԼֹ޾ǿ֮УıԴ֮С
䣡
ԶԶȥһ貵ĹҶ˶ˣ񷣬߲ʡ
ҶʱֻоסԼǵŻڴˣ¶һƬ嫵硣
磡
Ҷľ磬˿ڴʥˣʥתΪһʵı仯һ
һ˲䣬ҶоԼ޴󣬷·ǿգһжĸ֮£֮С
ǡ񡯵ľ𣿡
Ҷ̲ס̾
̫ˣħȫͬ
ô˵˵ǰҶ죬սλ񣬵ʼջֻһˡ
ڣҶȴѾ˱񣬴Ϸ˸ı䡣
ˣԽֻأתˣȴǻɢת
ӽ쿪ʼҾͲǷˣһˣͬ棬㲻ࡣҶȵ
ڣŶɱ¾֮ʱ۳һɱ¾֮
ͬʱŶɷ֮Ҳ۳һɷ֮
ң֮ͬʱΪ𣬵ȼҶ꣬ս꣬ԼһС
ȼ𣬵
ǳĹؼһ
ҶʱȴҲûǰֿ־ˣɫȻؿһУƾ潫Լȼա
貵ȼգһУɢſֲĻͬʱһӻ֮е
ԡ
ҲˣҪ񣬲ҪޣҪǧգֻӵдηľ񣬲һ
ɣҼʶɣҶ޾棬װضһ¯նڻˣռ䶼ס档
һƬ𺣣ûκζԿ
ȼһУ˵λˣλˣҪ
ֻеȼҶ죬һ˿ϣȡеһȻ壬ʣΪ㲻顣
¡¡
ڼȼգȵĻռ䣬ԭһƬ硣
һ̫н٣ƥҫ۶Ŀɢſֲ
ڱռڷڣһƬս
˵ȼˣ
Զ˾
˶ʱһĽͼʡ
̫ҫˣźԶҲܹ֡
֪˭Ȼô͵õһ汾Դ̾Ľ
˳ңȻһˣҲһ񡣡ϱʥص˵
һ˵ﵽʥ۷壬˾Ŷ䷨֮ˣܵȼ𣬽λ
ǣǣʥɹλļʸ󣬶͸ˡ
䣡
ڴʱԶһȵֲ̫ĹâһС
һǿߵȼ׼ˡ
ӣÿʮ£һλǿߵȼеġ̫Ѿʮˡ
ܶ˷ǳĽͬʱҲڹ֪ʮλǿߣмܹ
ȼǸˣѾȥһˣôûɣһ޳У𾪵ؿһ̫
Ҷ̫
˵ȼǿ֮УҶ޿ǿһγɵġ̫ȱ˴ʮҵԣռ˶ǳ𺳡
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˶ʱһͷƤ飬ֲֿ棬˵ʮˡ
ʮֱ꣬һֻſ˹Źأһֻ䣬֮һ֮䣬ֱֲ̫ˡ
ǷʥǰֲֿҪɫ䡣
û취ǳؾ֮·˭Ҳ޷
һꡭꡭ
ʱţռгԽԽ汾Դ˶ȼ𣬱еġ̫
ԭʮѾﵽ˼𣬶ӡ
һҵ̫ɢſֲ͹âռĴտһƬ죬Ҫųֵܵ
ʱǲףΪʲôĴһƬˣԭڱ˵ȼտɵġ
磬㿴һСӣԶ֮УʮλǵɱҶʮǳǿߡ
еһ϶һ츳ֻ̫ˣȼĶ϶Ҳ˿¡
˵Ҳԣôһǵһο˻صдһ˿𺳡
ò˵Сӻһţǳɳ²֮¡һ˾̾
ΪˣŸӲɳشǾ˵
ʱҶγɵҫ۵ġ̫֮Уһ֡
һ˵壬˫ſʼ죬ͷҲ¶ɲ֮ǰյҶ졣
ʮˣ
Ҷ컺۾Ǵһ˿΢Ц
ʮĥȻܼѣջǱ˹
ʵҲǺģҶ츳ܳô֮ҲͲôˡ
¸֮Ҷ췢Լøǿˣﵽλ۷徳硣
ͬʱľҲﵽλ񾳽磬ȻֻǳڣҲ֮ǰࡣ
ҶĹƣԼڵʵ·λУҲжֻ֣λԲǿߣѹһ
ﵽλԲǿ̫ˣʱҲûж١
ܹΪλǿߣʱȶǳ١
ǿߣ۹أǶˣǶԿڰǿߡ
¡¡
УȻһɿֲѹʱҶĸп
Ҷ̧ͷȥʱ۾һУۡ
˵ٸʲô⣬Ͼ֮ս̫ˡ
٣ֻǿλģﵽλ񾳽磬˵λ
Ҷ첢ģվŲۣŰԼɢ¶ϤĽƴء
ͬʱҶҲΧƯڸ߿еġ̫֮࣬Ե÷ǳ𺳡
û뵽ʮ꾹Ȼôȼǿߣ
Ҷʱޱȣʮ汾ԴֵĴкܶࡣ
Щǵõ汾ԴˣһھĿ顣
ͻȻһľ޳д
ҶתͷȥȴǿԶһ̫ôʧˣûʣһ˿ۼ
Ҷжʱһݣ֪ʧˣױ֮УתΪ˵Ļᶼûˣ׵ǿա
ǧĿޣһΪˮ
Ҷ̲ס̾δ֪ǿĬ
ô꣬òߵһȴûдء
ͬʱЩңΪˣΪһ飬ͬ٣ࡣ


1042 
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ҶʧеĽҲ۵Ĳˣһɿֲ嫺ӿһѹ¡
Ҷ˿壬ɫɵȻ˫֣գɫĳ趯ڵӣ貵Ľ⣬˲ֱӡ
˳ɹˣڶɽ٣
ռľ޳֮У˾
һ̵Ҷ죬ޱҫ۶Ŀɢſֲƣ˶޷ӡ
˾һǿγɵġ̫ȱ˴ʮڳˣʵ϶ǳֲ
˭ʶ𣿡ȻһˣһνռģԲʶҶ졣
֪֮ǰʮսնɱɱ¾˫ǣһ˵һһͳսܡһ˴˷ܺͼ
Χԣɫ䣬ǵһ
˭
ǿʱȵľ콾֮һʱ̤񾳽磬ڶ𿴺õ޵š
ңǳҲһλ񣬷ǳǿ
ûгʱսʤǺεȵ츳
ǰʱ䣬˲Ժ츳ѹֻ̫ˣҾúпܾǴˡͻȻһʥ˵
˵ǸҶ죿Ǵ˵Ļô˵ʵҲͿ˵ùˣϾǿĵһš˵˵ͷ
ֻҲҿ϶ϾǸҶ츳̫ţˡ
ʱڿռвеʮǳǿߣҲǳ𺳣ǶλȻ˲͸ӦҶǿʵ
󡭡磬λ񣡡һǳǿЩֵ˵ˡ
ߣʵ̫ǿǿԿģϽȥ֪ͨ漴˵
Ȼһ̣ǵɫʱ䡣
Ϊһɺ嫿ֲѹнٶ£ͬŭΣɽѣء
˴Ϣ
٣̧ͷɫұ䡣
Ȼ͵ĿǰһϤӰǰ˫֣ңɢſֲ
Ҷ죡
ʮǳǿߣʱһ
ȻˣǾͲˡҶ쵭˵ڵ棬ŭĻ棬滹Ҫҡ
ʮǳǿߣҶк죬ɱޱߡ
Ҷ֣ʮսˡ
Ҷ֣ɱ¾˫ǡ
Ҷ֣ʱز쳢
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ҶʱȺĵһѣôǰԶҲǿǰǾס
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Ҷһһ˵
һ̤նɢԽԽֲƣȴûϳ֡
ȻֲֿѹȸУȴöʮǳǿ߾һͷ󺹣Ӷ̲סսͲ
һϣҲ۹ؾսǿߣ
ɱŸ˶ʱӦȥҶʩչѹȣǿһ˿սⶼûˡ
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Ҷм֮ɫһֱֻһֳֻǰĳɫӡʱնֲ֣
һ˲䣬ռˣһֻ޴Ľɫƣգգϯ硣
찡̫֮ƣ
ǿ̫֮ƣҴûʩչôֲ̫֮ƣ
ʮλ񰡣˸ոճ񣬾ȻѾ޵еƣԽԽǸҶˡ

޳У˾
һ̵Ҷ죬ɢɫԣΧٸ̫ĹâѹȻȥ
ؼ޵еףѲǿգ֮䣬أ
¡¡
еǳȫһ̫֮ƴݻ٣ǹɽɫͬоľκˣʮλ
շ飬ս
Ƭ綼סһơ
ʮλɫұ䣬һ𾪵ϣ˾
ڸܵЩͬʱҲͬ壬֪ڰڱƽ۹أǲ˼Ч壬ȴں󷽶ɱӵܣֱĳ衣ҶֲɱƬضս
𡭡ɱҡһǳǿ߾ŵ
ŭ˵۹սʱСӻ֪ʲôʸ˵ǣɱɱ¾˫ǣǻٵţֻͷ㡣
ͷʲôʸͷǳԴ𣿾ǵĵҲһӵܣ۹ضûȥƾʲôʱָֻţҶЦɫĴƳѹ¡
䣡
ʮλȫ˲ˣֻǵս˳ԶֵؿҶ졣
ҶӶ޷˲ơ
ʮ˱ƽ
ɱǣǳŹģҲŹģ־ֿ֣ŭȵ
ǳңҲȥǳһˣǵˣһ¡
ҶЦ̧һֻţͶʮ˵ս£ƥĽɫѪһ貣ûա
ʮ־ŭԷȻ׼һŽǲҪҲĿ
Һƴս궼ҫ۶ĿԣΪۣµһ
Ÿ˺ôҲ۹شսʱҲˣȫɱҶ졣
ǭ¿ҶЦǰһƣһž޴̫ͼǰסʮ˵Ĺ
һΣʮ˵Ĺȴ޷ݻ̫ͼˡ
Ϊʱ˿̵Ҷ죬Ѿλ񾳽磬һΣʵ̫ˡ
ȥɣҶĴڲ£ǿֲ·磬ʮ˵սݻٵһƬʣ
ռ˷ڣʮλˣǵ޵еӰȴʼնһֱ
ǺεȵĴݣǺεȵƣǺεȵʵ
̫ˣ
޵УɽӰ
ţ

˾̾ǾãԼ޷Ӱˡ
˰ǿƣֱھʱȡ
¡¡
УɣһµףҶ
ȻҶ˫֣ʲôҲû֧ţӲԡɫ׺֮С
ٶ𺳣ɽٶǿƣֱǰδ
䣡ٷŭޱߵ׻Ϊһͷ£Ӵգ˫ĴƷأ׺ݵҶ졣
һΣҶˣȭŽȥǳҵĽɫȭâᴩǿգ÷顣
𣡡һͷͷ޴֮ЯһɹɿֲҶƵû硣
Ŷ񣡡Ҷͺһ˫ӡһɫ񶦣ϵسڸ߿ֻһͷͷѹȥ
أʱһƬڡ
Ҷգɽӣƥ


1043 ѩ
ٳϵغҶ죬ֶβɱҶ죬ǾԱҶɨ
ռǣѾ𺳵Ŀɿڴʵ̫ǿˣֱһ޵еĽɫս
ǿֲ٣ҶǰȫСˣƵģһ
Ҷ컹ǵһζɽôɣͥɢһ㣬֮Уʼնûк˰벽һȭһƣ˵ȫݻˡ
ƺǳŭֶνԻɱиŭ죬ȻȫҶһһݻ١
̫ˣ
Ҷ쿴پȻû꣬ɵһ˳һƥĽɫƶˡ
ռǶʱ𺳡
ҶӶɫȭһȭͺ˽ƣ˶ռ䣬һ̤ǿգ˺嫵С
ǿΪ㱨ѩްɣ
ҶɨһǰǿգȻֹغɨȥܿȷ˻ǵķ˺ѿռ˲ƶȥ
֮Ҷ챾˿ռ䷨˲Ƶľﵽһֲֿĳ̶ȡ
ԼºҶͿϤĻǣ´һ˹ȥ
ҹҶ𣬺һƬɫΣǰ಻غƵȥ
ɿֲ֮£ǰǶڲΧǿеǳҡΣһƬս
˭
ǿ
ֲ̫ˣ

У߾̿֡
ǳǴʧɫΪӳȥѾ˵ģʱ־ֿ֣ôܻˣ
ǳǳʮλλ
ǳɻҪ֪ʮλλսѣǵʵǷǳģ֮£ԿնɱҶġ
ڣҶȴǻˣһˡ
ǳжʱһɲõԤС
䣡
ʱҶѾڻϿգƥֶ£˶ܵ˳صѹȸС

Ȼˣ
ˣ

˾Ҷ뿪ʮ꣬Ȼʶ
ϾҶնɱɱ¾˫ǣܳǱܶ˿
ڣҶѾˣŭ
ҹҶٴδͬʱһֻ̽ץ
䣡ըһǿӰҪӳȥȴɫץס
Ҷ죬ʲô֪˭ǻǳģҪ췴𣿡ǳ־ֿ֣ȵ
ڵȴһ㶣漴뵽˺Ǹ߸ϵ֣ʱ׷׵һ𺳡
Ҷ죡
ȻǸҶ죡
û뵽Ҷ쵱ǻǲԵģ

˷ڣһƬȻ
ÿ˿ҶĿ⣬˼ͳݣѹֻ̫ǿߵ޵Ű
췴ҶЦһɱŭ졣
ǳ¶־壬ȴǿҶ죬Ȱ㲻Ҫ򣬻ɱǳǾ췴ܵ۹طɱ
ž
ո˵꣬һֻɫ£Ӷˡ
Ҷ죡ǳʱȻŭŭصҶ죬к⼸ûǿա
žҶٴθһƣһߵҲˡ
ǳʱ˫Ŀͨ죬ǻǳλ񣬵ȴһץУ˵
ֱɱҪܡ
һǿģڶǾʮ˸һռǿߴġҶ˵
ǳ۾˫ĿһƬ
ž
Ҷٴһƣ˵һ۹صǿߴģ㣬ǽƹܣȴְȨɱš
ǳڴѾ˵ˣô˵棬һȰƣҲ̫ˡ
гԹŭ죬޲óҶѪ⡣
žҶٴθһƣӶùѿˣ嶼ʼˡ
ǳ־ŭ̲סһΪʲô
ҶЦһԼãѾ㲻ˬܾˣµأ˭ҲȲ㡣
˵գҶһգǿӿǳֱӸˡ
䣡ǳĽɫսѳԶҪ˲ߡ
ȻҶѾΧգ޷˲ơ
ǳ𣬽ɫս걬ҵҪ忪ѳȥ
ϧǳʮλλ޷忪Ľӱ˵һˡ
Ҷ¶Ц֮ɫϹһһϽɫǹȻ֣ŻǳͶȥ
̫֮ƣǳƴǿһ뵲סϽǹ
ȻҶ츽Ͻǹֲ̫ˣͬһɫĳ磬ǳᴩһǹ˻ǵĳǽ档
䣡
һǽǶڲ·Ҫһ
Ҷ̽£һץϽǹץס˻ǳĲл꣬׼һ̡
ᱻ۹ͨģʱû֮ءǳҧŭ
ϧЩ㶼ˣҶһЦƽգֲƬնݻˡ

ǳĴ
һжѾƽֻʣȻϵǿգǻ𾪵ǡ
ɱ˳
ѵҪ췴𣿡
ܣӦǳƼɱ˳¿϶ἤŭ۹صģ֪۹ػʲôǿץ
ʱȿƽˣ

У۷׷ס
ҶʱѾϽǹ˺ѿռ䣬˲뿪˴˵ء
һ޴Ļ߹ϣҶֽһĹǿһЩУһʯ
ǿ֮ĹҶ
ǰʯҶ̾˿ڵϣóǿ͸ľˮ
ˣǿҲˡ
Ҷ뵽ڰûδܻиȥоЩܡ
Ҳһ죬վ۷ʱѡ˻ˡ
֪ˣҶ컹Ҫǰߡ
ˣӵеǰߣǻʲôŻʲô˼أ
Ҳ˵İ˸Ҫʹ;ʡҶ̾ͻȻĽôࡣ
֪ǡ
úҶ㿪һʼڴ˵رչء
γҶܶ࣬Ҫʱһ¡
ң׼һռĵڶʽ
Ͼ˳ΪʱԴ޵񹦣츳ôȻҲҪһ޵񹦲С
ʱţţתۼ䣬ʮ͹ȥˡ
ӵ˵ʮҲֻǴ˯ʱѡ
ֵһʱ򣬻ǳѾˣ۹Ҳ´Ҷ켴ǰǽС
һΣ۹ɳλλ񣬲һһλ񼶱ǿߡ
ȻǳҶ޵ţԲûֱӷɱҪҶȥǽ͡
ȻһУҶ컹֪


1044 
ʮ
Ҷˣ۾ƽ棬ֻ䣬ǰ޾ǿգ
ʵʮǰҶͿˣֻΪݳռڶʽӵڡ
ȹΪͬʱҲռڶʽ
һʽǡ޼᲻ݣ
֪ǳǿ󣬳Ǹ߶Էһ𣬱λλλλܴƶԷ塣
ֻͬףλλλλôѴƶԷ塣
Ҷ촴һʽ޼᲻ݣȴӵŴݻһеĿͬ׵壬Ҳſµ˺
ΪˣҶŽ޼᲻ݡ
ȻôҶ컹ҪλԹС
뿪ˣҶٴǿǰһ̤նȥʧһƬ嫵ǿ֮С
ŴΪʱȵʼŽʱǵҪ𣬶ھŴ֮󣬱Ǻӡʱ򣬾ǵ飬ǺӣŶȥ
Ϊһǣ֮ǡ
˵ڰʾֱֻ̫֣ǣҽ֮ǡ
ǣҲķǿߵĻء
Ҷʱ㳯Ǻ˲ƶȥǺӷǳ󣬼ضʱȣҲ޷ƹֻܴ洩
ǺҲô״ȥģ浽Ǿ޴ǣˮһٳλֵҲǳܡ
ǧӾŴǸλǣ˰
ι˵ʮǰһˣɱǳʮλ񣬻նɱһǵĳѾ۹ͨˡ
˭֪˽Ҷ죬Ǻϵĵһˣų츳ѹˣֻд˵еԱȼ硣
츳ǿΣ۹ɳѪλλ񣬳Ҳ񣬷ôֵܵ
Ҳô˵ѪֻϣҶȥǽУľǲܾôһλ츳˫ľ콾ġ
ô˵ûҶǳԴ󣬶ʮûȥˣѽѪ˷ȻѪ˲һʶµλλѾ̲סˣǺӸ׼Ҷ졣
ң˵ҲǰħսأҪһҶ졣

Ǻ֮УһЩλ˴Žһ𣬹ֵͬǵĳһǰһ̸۵ء
ԶһɫӰ֣ǵ̸ɵüͷ΢΢漴ӱȥ˺ǰǣһĿɿڴ
ղǣ
λҲλ񣡡
ôЩ죬ͨҶ죡

һ𾪵˵
ǿǸˣǽǺӵҶ졣
ҶʱǰȴЩ˵̸ǵ̸֮У֪ӵϢ
Ϊɱ˻ǳ۹ɳǿ飬ٳûг֣Ѿǿ߲ˡ
˵ֻ̫۹أӦû֪ԼŶԣôأ
ҲǱչ˰ɣ
Ҷ찵뵽һչؾͼʮ꣬οֻ̫ˡ
չأǧ궼ƽ¡
ΪԽߣÿαչҪķѵʱԽ࣬ó֮ӵ޾ӻ
ݣ
ҶûΣǰ
ĵѾܶϳʱǺӡ
ڳ𣿡
ߣһΪŲ¶أ
Ѫأ˼ҵȴδҲ̫ſˣߣ

λǺӵλ񣬵õϢ֮󣬷׷׳Ҷȥ
ͬʱǺӵһطͬλλõϢҶȥ
Ǿǳ󸱵
Щ꣬ҲѰҶ죬ϾҶɱǳʮλǲ޶ԡ
ӸɱǳˣʵǸһλ˵ɱ
ǰƬǿգû˿в˵ĵλһλ˵ͷͬɱ
λɱ죬ܿҵҶ졣
ΪҶûΣҲûԼλƣһһ˷ˡ
ȻҶʱҲǳλ
أλѵǽѪµλҶ¶֮ɫû뵽Էôˡ
ò˵ˣҲѹ֣ϾһӳλλʱҲǳϡġ
Ϊ󲿷λ񶼼۹أֵڰ֡
䣡
ǳλܿסҶȥ·ɱصǿϢƬǿնڲϮǶ׷ױըˡ
̫ǿˡ
λ֮µǿߣ۷ڡ
λһɿֲѹȸУԶһЩֵǶϢ
ǿ󣡡
û뵽۹صǿô͸ϵˣҶǲˡ
Ҳѹ֣һôãѵ֪۹Ҫ

Щû۹صλλҲҶһˡ
λǳɱؿҶ죬һȵҶ죬õ
һ仰Ҷɱǳǿߣǰġ
ȴΪҶɱ˻ǳǰġ
˺ҶΪǽѪµλλˡ
£ҶüҺ֮УҲְȨҲͰˣǳˣһٶλţɱһҶˡ
ǳ˻õѵҿһλԴŭһƺɱֲӡЯǳԵޱȵҫۣҶûˡ
Զ˴󾪣û뵽ǿôͶˣҪҶִͣ
Ҷ쾪ŭӣû뵽Էûһ仰ͿʼˡңԷĻƺԷҲǳˣеǳŭ
û뵽ǳ˶쵽۹ȥˣǲúðػ۹أȻһٶɱ׼ɱţǿ벻̣Ҷôʥȫ˶˽ɫһȭӭȥ
䣡
λһ캳أΧըˡ
Զ𺳲ѣǶޱȼѣ˵һЩǡ
λ̫ˣֱء
˶˷ܵؿţ۷֮սȥ۹أ
̫֮ƣǳλһǳƣһ̫֮ƣǿ似ԳҶɱ
𾪲ѣսɣ۹صǿߣȫڱսĥġ
ʵϣǳλҲ۹طأʱǻҪǰ۹ء
ΪλǼûκɣҪǰ۹طأػ塣
Ȼÿһʱ䣬ҲһЩڣȥʱȵĺ󷽷һ£Ͼսˣʲô˶Ҫġ
ңЩḻλص󷽣̵ܽһЩ󷽵ţҲ۹ǿߵĴ㡣


1045 ս
˻ȭ
λǳĹҶӶɫȭͬβһ㣬գԷ
¡¡
һضˣֻɫȭͷЯſֲܣ˲䱬ϯ磬ǺӶڲ
ǳ̫֮Ʊˣǽɫȭͷϣɳȥ
Զǳĸɫ䣬𾪡
֪ҶʮǰŸոճôھѾλʵһλ۷壬츳Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ǳƣλŭӣԼ۹شսô꣬ʵսɣѾ뻯ľˣھȻһһȭɣʵ̫ˡ
¡¡һƺǳΪ֮٣ͬһ㣬Ҷը£ûһƬء
ԶǣҲǣҶ졣
ò˵λʵǳ£λ۹ЩڰĴսһս鶼Ǵͷĥġ
Ҷһ·ɳսϣȻҲ塣
ɫ˫˺Ѳ񷣬һ˫ֽǰնˣͬһ쵶Ľɫƣǰȥ
ռڶʽ޼᲻ݣ
ҶȣһɿֲĵϯǺӡ
һ̣еǶ׷׵ˣеǳ׷׵ˣƬռˣܵһɿֲѹ
ɫ䣬ǸоԼ·һɽѹһȥ
ǳλҲ뺧Ȼ
ǽɫ쵶һɻһеɢһɾâλҶսĸȥ
â񷣬˺ǳƣݺݵش档
ͣǳѪؿڱɫ쵶пɫѪҺӿ˲񷡣
ɫ𾪺Ϳ־壬ӲϺˣתԴָ塣
Զһ
ǿλ񰡣Ҫһǵ壬λԲǿߣϵǿ߲ܹõ
ڣҶһȴпǵ壬Ǹоˡ
Ȼλ˵飬ս겻Ȼ
λıһ飬ôսҪֱԵ˵ĹˣǾͺп䡣
ԣղλǳĸŻ˾֣ȫصˣкλһϡ
Сӹĺܣһϣλ
λѾ֣λҲʲôˣɱҶ졣
ԶһĿɿڴ۹صǿ˴һҪǴ˳ȥͶˡ
Ҫ֪ܹΪλһݴ½պʱȵ۷ǿߡ
һ˵ǲܻԶ٣һǶԸһ󱲡
ǰʵȴ˲òš
ҶЦȴǷǳռڶʽǳ⣬ȷ޼᲻ݣλ嶼˺ѿ
ȻԼ޵񹦣ʩչǿȹ칦Ҫǿ
ΪԼ似ʺԼʩչԵе
˻ȭ̫֮ƣЩҪʥ壬ȴ޷ҶռȻ޷ӳǿ
Ϊʲô飬һ㶼ᴴԼ似
Ȼܹ޵񹦵飬ҲһˣҪʱĻۣҪо˵츳һ˿ɲС
Ҷ츳ټ϶ĸһٳɹ
ֻأ
Ŷ泯ԼλǳҶӡֻأµܣʱ޵С
һ˲䣬֡˻ȭ̫֮ơŶ޼᲻ݵȣֹ칦۳һֲĺûǰǿա
¡¡
𶯣ǿ顣
Ȼֻصĵڶʽûȫչֹ֣칦ټҶԼ޼᲻ݣԷӳ˾ηΰ
λǳһȴҶһֻظɳȥǿնڶǳ顣
Զһ
Ǻεȵ
Ҷǿۣ֮˫貣ȻȻɢһɽӵİ
һ˶սλ񣬼ʱȣҲܹõǻ񾳽磬ҲֻǼ콾õ
ҶŸոճ񲻾ð
ѹ츳ѹֻ̫ǿߣһΪ񣬽ɾ;Իֻ̫ǡ˼˵
˶һĻסˡ
һŵһ޵콾𣬴ӴʱȶҪΪҶ족ֶ𶯡
Ҽ֤һ̣
ɱ
ǳƣ
֣
λǳĸ־ŭȫųҶ죬Ѿױŭˣսȫֲƣѵأ
Ϊλϱλ۹ضսô꣬ҪĿ֮°ܸҶһ󱲣ôǻʲô湶͵
Ȼʵǲпġ
Ҷ쳤Хʥ屬˼£ͬһɫսգѲ棬ֲսⷽ綼ս
ǳλѾȫˣȴȻУҶˣ޷ֵ
ͣ
һλҶᣬʩչ޼᲻ݣ˺
һΣҶ۱ɫɫʩչ˿ռ֮˵ս꣬һ̫֮ƺը
ŭս궼ˣޱȡ
ԮҶʩչľסˡ
ֻأҶʤ׷ٴδһУֲûأսꡣ
ס֣

ʣµ־ŭԼʶôսѼѣԼǰ⳹׼ŭǡ
Ϊս꣬Ϊս۹أȴû뵽ͽɱ
ɱǿߣϵ£˭ҲȲ㣡
ŭųҶ죬ֲƺƵϯ
ҶһЦǺúô۹أأ³
СŭһγɱУҶ졣
սɱУԽ˵ȫʵǿĹ
Ҷ΢΢ͷһ˿ͣȷ۹ģսḻޱȡ
޼᲻ݣ˺ǵ壬ôпռ֮ҶҲɱǣǻǡ
ֻأҶȣӡٴչ֣۳ɿֲĺĹײһһʱա
¡¡ը֮ڶ캳أ硣
ȣ
Ҷһȫɣͬһɫ̫ӿֲ籩֮г˫絶ȥ
ã
Ȼ֪ҶһĿʱɫ䣬𣬱ǿֵһĵ
Ȼ޼᲻ݿ˺һзǵ嶼ˡ
ͣ
ɫѪͬȵҽһڣѪⷽǿնڲ
սҪԶȴɫ֣޷
Ǹܵһٵѹȡ


1046 
֪ˣαص
ɫ£ǳҶһЦʩչ̫֮ƣͳǺ
ס֣ڴʱԶһȣɿֲϢͻȻ˺նأɢޱߵѹ
Ҷͷһ΢΢һλ
˵۹ֻλôˣ
˵ɻԶЩսˣҲгɻ
첻˭ˣȲǳĸ
䣡Ҷƺѹȥޱߵλ֮ǰͰǳĸĥˡ
ֻһƬǿգǡ
Ҷǿۣ֮עŶŭλ
󵨣ס֣û𣿡һŭڵ˫ɫ⣬ɢһɿֲơ
Ȼû˵ҲɫضҶ졣
Ҷ޾ɫ˵˭ʲôʸס֣ңҪɱˣ˭Ȳˡ

λŭȡ
Ҷ˫磬ɫâ˺Ѳ񷣬ҪǱҽţҳ֣Ǿ͸ҹ
Զһˣʱܵһɽصգ׷ױ񣬶Ƭǿա
֮ǰɱǳһΪʲôԡڿȻ츳Ⱥȴɱԣħͷ츳ǿҲݲ㡣һλȵ
֣غϻҵھͳٽɽѪ˴áһλ˵
ȻڴʱԶʮ
תͷȥȴһȺʮǱسһƬɫħ֮ϯǿա
һ鱻ħɣ˲͸ɱȥֻʣһƤͽɫĹͷսѪֱӾ͸ˡ
˿µһĻʱڳһ˸еñë
ɷ򣡡Ҷɫһ䣬ԺжʱһϤӰ
ħ棡
ԭŭҶλ񣬴ʱѾŭӣŭسƬħ
ǺηħͷڴҰһλȵǿһƬˮƺƵسħȥ
Ȼħޱ޼ʣ˿Ӱ죬ʮȫ˽ȥ
Ƭֿ֮ʮƤͽɫĹͷ
찡ʲô
ܣˡ
ģλҶأ

һ˾ϣЩ̿֡
ֱλ˹ȥǲ˿Զ
Ҷü֮һ˿ȣΪλ֮ǰһģû뵽Щ˾Ȼ˲䶪ƬħҪЩ顣
ѵǣҶʱоһ˿ɻˡ
֮ǰ˵ˣ۹λȴ
ٽ֮ǰɱλ˵ǳˣһ룬ҶʱȻˡ
ԭ֮ǰ۹ģǳġ
λ񣬲۹ģѪ¡
£ҶҲԥƬɫħȥ
ɷ򡭡ħ𣿡Ҷдһ˿ɻźɫħ̽ȥʲôҲûз֡
ʱλѾ˺ɫħ֮У˾ҵȻ֣ս
Ҷ쵱٣ħ֮С
һƬڣҲ޷̽ӣ綼һƬڰʲôҲ
䣡ͻȻҶеһǿԼɱֲףɱһλ
ҶҲ룬ʩչ̫ʮʽһž޴̫ͼʱ󣬵סµһ
ʱλ
ȥҪħ֮кս
ȳȥڻǣ

Ҷǵ˹ȥܿ͸ܵ˼ɿֲҲ룬㳯Ƭɢźڰĵطȥ
䣡
ԷƺҲһȭ˵ȭͷײһ𣬱ֲ
ô˻ᣬλѾħ
ҶܵһɺڰǿϢԼǿֲ䴩ǿգͬһǳ
ֻأҶʥ屬˼£ҵĽɫԣɢâȻɢΧħ
ͬʱֻγɵĿֲǰƵȥ
ҶʱڿԷģˣһȫںɫ֮еˣ֮УֻܿõĵĹ
˫ֿӡһιϻɬɷ򶼳۶γһƬֲĺɫâֵסֻصĳ
Ҷ˳ħգңңš
ħ棿
ħϢҶǳϤǴ˸ħ档
Ҷǳɻ
ʱλ˹ǴʱҶĿ⣬ȴǺ˺ܶ࣬û֮ǰôŭˡ
ϾղҶֵ󣬲ӳħ
һ˿Ҷɻı飬˵ҿҪΪˣλ۷ʵɫħӦǺڰĻһаħ棬λҲڰǳ
ħħǿߣҶ쾪ȵ
λҲ¶֮ɫղؿҶ죬û뵽Ҳ֪ħ򣬲ħǿߣǺڰʵ¡
ֻЩ֣۹һǿأôܵһλü
Ҫ֪Ѿʱȵĺ󷢣ĴӪˣҪȥҪܵݴ½ȥ
ȱЩˣ֣ɱȥ֪Ƕӵܡһλŭȵ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ҽڰĻϣ
λղҲҶǿʵûƳ٣ѵСĵ㣬ҿʼ֮ǰЩˣɱȥǽˣֻҪ㲻ɱԴħͷѪǲԩġ
ãҶ˵ͷһγ˺ɫħ֮УƬ̣ħ֮б㴫ɿֲ
ȻҶںǸս
λһۣʼִ湥ڰĻǺǳĸһҲϹķ
֮ǰںڰĻ֮Уǿ˴ˣжܹ˼ɣʵӲ˵ˡ
ʱ棬ȴûκι˼ɣִ߶칦γһƬֲĺźɫħƽ
Ȼǿ󣬵Ͼûдﵽľ磬ûн޷һߺҶսһάֺڰĻ
λֹ֮£Ƭɫħɢˣ¶ߴֲӰ
һҶ죬ȫɫâɣһɢųĺڰϢ
һǹһǺڰ˼Ҳɱ캳أһƬǿնҡΡ
ʥ壬˵еʥ壬̫ǿˡһλ̾
һλȴҡͷ²ʥ壬ȻĻֿµ츳ܻĵơ
ߣһϣɱһλһǰսһµĹ


1047 ħ
λֹĺ󷽣ǰҶһ̫֮ƣһ˻ȭʱʱһֻأǳ
Ҫ֪ʵǳǿ󣬱ǰҶɱλǳĸǿˡ
¾۹صλҲδܹƷϧãҶ졣
ռ֮
սãҶһᣬѸٿռ֮
һ˲䣬ʱֹֻĵ۾ɵϴƺһС
۹صλ񣬴ʱһɱشҶҲʩչ޼᲻ݣһǽɫƵնƬ
ҶֻأѾش
һµλ񣬾Ҷ˵Χ£ûɢˡ
ڳκˣҶڣС
Ҫûпռ֮Ҫɱ²ôסҶ찵뵽ʵǿһˡ
Ȼħ֮⡣
ˣ
۹صλ˹һ˷ܺͼ
Ͼһǿλ۷弶ɱһˣ˵һǳĹ͡
Ҫ۹أܵǿǵ͡
ˣҶ죬ҽйԣλҵսѣֱľܣλйԵλҶԼͬ顣
λҶ˵ͷ
ľҲֱҶ˵ͷνս飬κ鶼Ҫ̣ڶҶҲûпʼôˬˡ
Ҷ죬ͻȻڴˣԵ÷ǳ֣Ǳ뾡ѪˣԷǺڰıҲøһȥ˳㽫ɱǳ˵
Ҷ˵ͷãǲ˵ʵҲ׼ǰǡʱһֱڱչأǰóغ󣬲֪Ѫǰǡ
ԭˣһжˡԻȻ򣬼ȻҶǰڱչأ֪ѪǣôҲпԭˡ
һԵľʵҶ죬ǻǳǷıɱʲôԵɣ
ԺľҲҶ죬ղźҶһսǳָܵλ콾Ŀ츳ȻϣһɱԵħͷ
ҶԱ㽫ԼǺɱ¾˫ǽԹԼǳݺ飬һһ
֮󣬽һŭ֮ɫ
ˣѽѪ˵ǳľŭ
ǳҲԽԽˡ
ҡҡͷҶ˵Ҷ죬ǳ£ϣܹ侲㴦ҼһΣΪ˷ǳ߰Ӧòɱŵ飬ֻ㡣ǳΪӦǼŵģϣ㲻Ҫ˺ͻκһ˵䣬شʧ
ģһģˣ˲ҲˡҶ˵ͷ˵
漴Ǹȥ
Ƕλ񣬸·ٶȺܿ죬ûãԽ˴Ǻӡ
һ죬ǿƤƯУһЩɫĹͷǿ֮УԵһƬɭͿֲ
û뵽ɱôˣɶ񣡡ľʱŭ
ҶȴɫصҡҡͷⲻǸɵģħɵġ
ħ棿ľɻؿ
һԵĹȴǳҶ˵ĲЩͷƤϣҸӦһɿµħϢǰǸɱûеġҲ˵Щ˲Ǹɱģˡ
Ҷ죬ʵҶ죬˵ħǺηʥ
ԺľԣҲҶ죬ȴҶĽ͡
ҶħϹʱһħͷӵ֮壬ŵʣ߻ħձڰջ׹ħ˺ڰһӡһϹʱֽӡסˣֱǰΣҲǴݴ½һǿߣʱȣеһĿģΪ׷Ѱħ档
˾Ȼǵþַӡ¼Ϊ˵ã±뾡֪ͨѪˡɫһ䣬
ľܵɫҲһƬأΪħӵ֮壬ǷǳʵĿ¡
ҶҲ֪𣿶ˣϹʱһʧƽʱȣǼ𣿡
Щ۹ءھˣ۹شһʱ䣬ȻǰڰԨˣûл˵Ѿڰɱˡ˵
ҶüͷϹʱľеԻ̫ˣһֱҪһֻû뵽Լһ
ô죿ħ±ǰǸ£ڴɱ¾»ʧصġľ˵
üͷһ壬һԵ˵֣̼ٸϻǣ֪ͨѪˡҺҶ죬֣ͷ׷ħ䡣
ãûκԥ̾ͼٳǵķȥ֪ʱһҲ󲻵á
ҶĿԶȥԥͷĻǲ̫ΣգħѾ̤񾳽磬ȻΪӡ˼ʮ꣬ʧô飬Ҳָ˺ܶʵ
Լǵľ͹ԡ
ҲҶ˼˵ɣһѰңҲٷͷҡ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ǿеһЩ˿ʼѰħ䣬һ·˴
·ϵʱҶҲ֪ʱǿߣɵúʵ֣Ȼǿ󣬵Ϊʲôֱڰ񣬶ȥ
ԼǰҶɻࡣ
֪ʱǿߣóûһ¡
ֻҡͷ˵ڵʱ򣬺ڰûϮݴ½ֻ˼ͨһ㵽ݴ½Ժ٣ԲŽʱȣв˷ӡݴ½ľ󡣡
ҶԻȻͺڰû氡
ԣҶͻȻҡͷڱʮ˹ׯҲһλʱǰׯܣ˵ԼŲóģס˺ڰ񡣡
ׯȻţ̫˼ˡԾȲѡ
һԵľҲ𾪵ҲĴ˵ʱǿţ͡Ҳϣʱȣû뵽ͬ⣬Ҫݴ½һֵڰ񡣡
Ҷ죬ׯ˵ʵûǸֻµһѪıĻ˺ڰˡ˵
Ҷɻȥ
һ㣬Ҳ˵ڵƬǿգʵһ޴żУֻżѡҡͷ˵
ʲôҶԶʱ𾪡
ֻһżУ顣
ôżжôӴ󣿾ȻװôһƬǿգ
Ҷ챻𺳵˵


1048 
һ족
˵һֻܣһֱھ棬һӾʱͻȻԭ컹Ҫöࡣ
ҶھָоôҲ벻ݴ½ڵһƬǿգֻһż档
Ҷǵõݴ½żʱ룬Щż࣬ôǸʲôأ
Ҷ֪ԭЩˣһƬż֮С
ô˵ڰżѰģݴ½ʲôһֱͣعݴ½Բԣ
Ҷ쿴ԣѯʵ
Ե˵ͷ˵ݴ½ˣʶҪбҪõöࡣ
Ҷһһȴû뵽
ڵʲôȴ֪Ҳ֪ҡͷ
żѰ϶ֹкڰһˣҲ֮һϧƺˣűԼǰסˡҶ찵뵽
ͬʱЩģΪ֪ڰıʲôʱ
ڹݴ½ֻǺڰͶӰʵλ۷徳磬ֻ̫ǻܹ⡣
Ǻڰԣôٶֻ̫𣬶Ҫ
Ĳ࣬ǾλĲ̫࣬ˡ
Ҷ죬ǱҪͷˡº󣬹˵
ҶɫҲǳѿΪǰǿ֮УһƬƯŵƤͽɫͷ
ȥǺе鶼Ҫħɹˡ
ðɣ˷ͷңһħ棬Ҫս֪ͨˡҶص˵
Ժľ˵ͷ漴˷ֳ򣬷ֱ׷Ѱħ١
ҶȡۣʶУȫ̽Χ
ûУ
ûУ
ħ浽
Ҷһ·׷ѰȴʼҲħ棬Ҳûҵ
ƬǺʵ̫ˡ
ţһºҶͻȻüͷһͨۿϤӰ
ǹԺľϷ͵졣
Ҷ쾪֮࣬˲˹ȥ
ʱϷ͵춼ܵ˺صƣһ޴ˣڶѾˡ
Ϸλ񣬵λ۷壬Ȼʤһ
ৣ
Ҷ콵ٶµʱȻȻشһλӴϢʱһ
˭ϷȵȫѪӿȣƵϯ춯ء
ҲҵĽɫâͬһ̫һҫ۶Ŀ
ȻһжҶһֻɫƸѹȥ
ţңҶջƣȫҲ¶Ϥס
Ϸ͵漴ϲӡ
ˣ˭˵ġ
Ϸ統ҶЩСĦôȥˣҲˡ
Ҷ죡쾪ϲ
㾹Ȼ̤λ񾳽ˡϷһҶ죬漴ɫһ䣬ŵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ҲˣôҲˣ֪ôأ
ɨϷ͵һۣѾǵΪ;硣
Ϸӵв壬ʮǿ֮һ֮Ͼλľ磬ʵλڡ
ֻλ񾳽磬Ҳſλڵʵ
ܵ˵˶ǳϷ磬ʱ֮УҲһλ˲õǿˡ
ңֻҪʱ䣬ɳлΪ񣬳Ϊ۹صһ
ҼӺͽ̣һȥˡϷ˵
ҶԣʱϲͬʱҲ˿
˵а֮ӵϢƺǳλ׷ɱˣڲ֪ںηҲ˵
Ҷ첻ɵ뵽˱ɱǳ׷ɱа֮ӵλӦþǡ
Ϸ綼ôǿа֮ӿ϶ǿټϾħȲҶ죬ҲȥλҪɱѡ
ҶЩϢеǳˣ˵ȺԼǿǣѾʼˡ
а֮ӡϷ硢ҶʥЩ콾ǣλʵҪ˶ã϶ʱȡ
ˣһô£Ҷ漴ʵ
Ϸ绹һ㣬޴󰭣ѾõĲˡͲҶˣйɲڲϵشݻ壬ǳܣɫܲҰס
ħ棬ħˡϷ˵
˵ͷҪϷȣҿ¾ͺЩһħˡ
ħ棡Ҷɫһ䣬漴Ʒڵļϣʼɷ
ȻҶܿڵڸܵһŨɷ֮Щƻ壬֮
ЩͬӵɷҶ˵ȴǲֵһᣬܿͱ˳
ûЩɷ֮ʱָ˴ѪɫҲÿˡ
лˡл
Ҷ˰֣漴ʵ￴ħģ
ڿѾָʵȷҪȥϷʱü
Ҷ죬ҾӦ֪ͨǵλѪˣѾ𣿡˵
ҶЦģǰѾȥ֪ͨѪǰˣѾˣһҵħ棬µġ
ðɣҴȥϷ˵ţ漴תͷ죬죬ȥǰɣ˳Ҵ̽һͽܵ䡣
Ҳ֪ԼʵȥҲﲻʲôæֻΪǵۣµͷģһעϻʵġ
£˷ֵ𣬵ǰǣϷҶ죬ǰħĵط
ħô飬϶ҪʱŹȥãһϷ˵
Ҷ˵ͷɫǳأħô飬һʵѾָ񾳽硣
ڣλ۷ʵϿռ֮ҲħĶ֡
֪ͨԺľҶ찵뵽˶λڵʵҲܹһЩæ
ܿ죬Ҷͨռģϵ˹Ժľ
ҲһϢǾǽѪѾǺˣϾǻϡ
Ҷ˿

ڰ֮УǺƵǿղ
ºҶϷ翴һƬɫʬǣһƯǿеƤ
㿴ϷָŲԶǹҰħ
棬ҶܵһǿħԼһϤϢ
ħ棡ҶʱҧгݣĺͬףһƬǿա
ܵǣ׷׷ͱըǳҵĽɫԣҶϱϯ硣
һԵϷ翴ð𾪣û뵽Ҷôǿ֮Ĳжʱһɬ
ʱƬӿȵħ֮УһϥӰͻȻ۾ڵ⣬˺գΪħ
䣡Ҷһȭħ顣
ͽЩ굹ǳɳ˲٣ûΪʦʧħ滺վߴӰɢһɳħǿա
ضս


1049 սħ
ޱߵħͬ嫺ϣһΰĺɫħӰɢһɸħǿµħԣϯ˸еҪֹͣˡ
ħ棬ʮȥˣħʵѾָһΪﵽ񾳽硣
һ񣬷ʱǾһ
еߡ
ͽҵǹƥңôȰ
ħ̤ޱߵħͬˮһ㣬ϯǿգǳɳȥǿеĹâˣһƬڰ
Ҷһߣʥ屬貵Ľɫâ̫ͬһ㣬˲ϯǿաǳҵԣ㣬ֵסħЯ޾ڰ
ħɫڵĿ⣬û˿ڣ˫֣ĺڰѹȶ
ʱڰԳ֣Ƭǿնڷڣͬ˵Ŀˮһʼһռ䶼ˣռ籩Ű
У˷ȫ󷢵˿ǳ
ȥҶ촫Ϸ磬漴̤ǰһҵĽɫԣٶӿ֮ǰҪ貣ס޾ڰϮ
ϷѾǵѹƵĶͷðˣ̫ʱòԶ
һƬǿ֮УʱֻʣħҶΰӰ
ħıһƬڰҶıһƬҵĽ⣬ڰĶԾĻ
ܺãҵͽܣҿЩﵽʲôزħ˵ͷܳϵ˽£ʱȻ趯ΪǧħХҶ졣
Ҷüͷһ壬漴ŭΪЩħǱħɵ飬ʱȴħ֣ս
̫֮ƣҶȣɫӡǲ񷣬գħ˶ѹ档
ȻħЦзһǧħ㱬ֲ̫֮ƣҶ˶ûˡ
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬ʥ͵رҵ⣬ͬɫ棬ýħȫˡ
˻ȭҶһȭɫ˫ȭЯԴݻǿյΰݺݵغħ档
ģԶҲӲħһЦڰħȭһֲĳҶײһ
¡¡
ʱǿնһ
Ҷ쵹ɳȥѪ磬涼Ѻۡ
֮һȭֲ˹
ԶϷ羪ѣҶǿ󣬾Ȼħ棬ڵħ̫ǿˡ
ϾʱħѾָ۷սΪ磬սȫﵽ񼶱
ҶŸոճȻƾǿ츳λ۷忹⣬ǲ̫Զˡ
ֻأҲʩչɣħȻҶֶκ˽⣬ɵЦ
ԸҶЦӡʩչֻء
ʱֲĺͬӾ̣ħӿضڶǿղս
СħмһֱֻһֻֻӶڰħȭǰһȭ
䣡
һ죬ǺɫĺڰħȭȻΪһ޴ĺɫŭ趯ǿգҶ졣
µĺںɫϣȴһ㶼κβ
áԶϷľ
ħЦͽҪסԼ似ʺԼġ
ħ棬˵Ĳ㳢ɣҶЦ֮Уһɫ񵶣˺ѿռ䣬ء
أµĺɫʱһͷԴ嶼ըˡ
ƥĵâħȥ
ߣħһɫħǰ̽ǳҵĵâݺס÷顣
䣡µĵâЯɱ¾֮һ˲䱬
ħüͷ΢΢һ壬ֿ̧˿ԼƣȴǷһѪۣ¶˿˿ɫħѪ
Ȼܹ˵ҵ壡
ħʱЩȵؿҶ죬ԵЩš
Ҫ֪֮壬Ƿǳǿ󰡣ϲͬǿߣѱ˵
ڣһССλ񣬾˵ȻֻһѪۣҲħ𾪡
ΪҶʵҲﵽ񾳽磬ôͲһѪôˣƶᱻ顣
ҵռڶʽ޼᲻ݡҶЦ
ȴ΢΢һԼĲ໹̫ˣڸħĶ֡
޼᲻ݣǲߣħһɫħһƬǿնסˣǺɫӶҶС
Ϊû𣿡Ҷ˵գҲųԼ磬ħ濹⡣
¡¡嫵ײһ𣬱һƬֲĴըƥ˷ϯȥһƬƬǿա
ħ̤ǿգպɫķҶ춴
䣡ҶȭֵȴǱᴩȭͷɫѪҺգش
ڰ֮Ҷɫһ
ֻɷ£ԷѾһ˿ڰ֮򣬸ڿԿġ
ɫѪҺѾں˿ռ䱾ԴҲãֻҪҽˣܵõռ䱾Դˡ
ħƳһǿյɫѪҺĿһ˿ȣ»ӶƬǿա
Ҷʱסˣƴϳɫȭ캳أգȴʼ޷Щ
ûõģһǳ󡣡ħЦ
𣿡Ҷһ۶ʱɫһɫĹħ汬
㱻Σ޷һشħɫ΢΢һ䣬漴ЦվŲɫ֡
ʱܵķҲʧˣҶ˳ȥһץסħ棬˺ѿռ䣬˲Ƴ֡
һ̣ħɻˣԶսϷɻˡ
СʲôħоɣܿܳƽҲûеġ
Ȼһ̣һɿֲƬǿ֮Уħǰ
һλӣ˿Ũܣͷǽɫһ˫ӣͬһâ¶
ɱӵ𣿡߿ħ棬ȵжʱ۳һѽɫķ֮ħȥ
ҶʱѾԶ͹ԡľ˻ϡ
䣡ħʱƽȻѾˣǰѽɫķ֮ݺݵͷֲܣ˲ͱ塣
СħŭսԶ壬ԹصҶ졣
û뵽Ҷһ֣Ѿͨһλ񼶱ǿߣһѡ
޷رһȫħ棬Ҳܵش
ߣҶЦ֮ǰħסʱѾյѪĴˣһƻ
ϧղһΣѾľҵĿռ䷨֮ٸħһΣ㲻ҲҪѲƤҶ찵źĿռ䷨̫֮ˣǽħǿߣֻһεĻᡣ
Ѿˣʱشħ棬ǽ˵Ķ֣һɫķ֮ݺݵѹסˡ
ǽѪǰ𣿹Ȼ
Ҷ쿴񣬺ܿ޷԰ΣΪѪҲߵġңֵǿռ֮У϶ܹռ


1050 
ǿ֮УѪֳֽɫķ֮˺Ѳ񷣬գǳҵͬҽÿһѹħ档
ħ쳤Хħϯ磬ǧħŽѪȥ
ͬʱһɫķ˷ҪѪ
ȻѪ̫ˣǽɫķ֮ԷһУɫķҲ޷ֵƬ
ߣѪλ۷ʵֻ벽λ񾳽ˡЦһ⡣
Ҷ𾪣񾳽磬ҪٽһǾѾֻʱˣ辪˵ķ
ܶʱ񣬼ȥ꣬Ҳѽһ
ֻ̫ˣȴѾΪ۹صˡ
Ѫ˵Ҳʱһλ飬ʱĥ꣬ڳɾǿҪִλ񾳽ˡ
Ȼʱһһ˲õš
Ȼ漴˵Ѫˣʱ򣬾ʱ𣬻ָΣΪļӡĵųʱ
һ͵ڶ˭Ҷʱ
ЦһȻˣ˼֪ܣʲôǵһڵһУ˼Ҵڵġ
Ҷ찵ЦԼǰʵ̫ţˣųˡ
Լ˵ڵڶʥħԵħɱķ¾ӡʮꡣƷħתʥһʵھʱǰʱҲʱ۹صĵһλ졣
Ҷ԰˵ľǺħͬһɱ¾ħһħ󶼱ӡ
ϧʱʥħʱȽϺãɹսʤħ
ħ汾ҲԳɹģݴ½Ǳкڰڣϵջʹħٳ޷ɹ
ħǱ˳Ҫɹսʤħ͸ˡ
ˣ֣֪۹ص춼Щ𣿡Ҷʵ
۹ǿ߼еĵطҶ֪浽Щǿߡ
ԶԴ˲û˵оŴ죬λ񾳽磬ϧֻʣˣֱʥħֻ̫𡢻𡣡
𣿡Ҷ԰ȣⲻǵϹʱѧԺ׻ѧԺȸѧԺѧԺţû뵽Ȼһλôֲ
Ҳ֪ݴ½ʱλ񣬻ǽʱȺ󣬲ųΪλġ
ʣµĸأҶʵ
Գʣµĸ˷ֱǵһ˻ʣ͵˻ʣо֮Уһ˻ʺ;𣬶̽˺ڰԨҲûгˡ˻Ϊݴ½Ǳս³ԽŹȥ֧Ԯģݴ½ˡ֮ΪһκͺڰĴսġ
Ҷ˳˼һ˻ʺ;Ϊ̽ڰԨʲôϵ
ڰԨǺڰĴӪ
λΪҪðȥ
һеգҶɻ

ͻȻһŭĺХǿա
Ҷ̧ͷȥȴǷħ汻Ѫһ֮ͻȻһشһֻȭͷֵѪĽһֻȭͷϵغԼԴ·ҪԼԴһġ
ԭڵ۾һ̣Ȼһֻ峺͸ҵİ׹⡣
ǡ
Ҷжʱˡ
ܵһϤ
ˣ˵ԭħ档
ȻûʧܣȻħںͺڰ񣬺ħš
ֻǰһֱħѹƣڳħ汻Ѫشڿʼˡ
ԭ㻹ûȫħƣѪбҵâħ档
ħɱѪӵֵ̾ҲգΣڵϦҪǿߣ¾ҲҪһѣ
˵գѪһԼǣòԶսҶ˾
һ̣һɫսֳ꣬񵶣ħ棬ֱӾͽħǾ޴ħ֮С
ħˣʱǿ֮Уһ
ڣȴǲϵشŭ֮пֲ˷ȥһſǡ
ǣҶʱɻ
ص˵սڸǵģԼսԷ壬ͶԷ־֮
ԴǳգϾûػһʧܣǾˡľ𾪵ѪôôǣȻΪ˰Ըðȷա
Ҷ𾪣Ȼֿµ
Գ̾ʱȿǳƽϴλѾ˵ˣһδսԶˡûʥħֻ̫ǣڻڱչΪǶǳһδս٣δֵܹסʱһ񼶱ǿߣкܴİ
ľԳĬˣ۹ôãȻ¡
ʱȻǳƽ۹صǿǣѾڱսˣշǳغͽš
ҶһҲɵýڲλ񾳽磬ṳ̂񾳽磬ʱҪǱսҲֻܳΪڻңʲôҲﲻˡ
ұ취ʵ񾳽磡Ҷ찵ż뵽
Ҫ񾳽磬ؼǷһ޷ʲôĵرûãֻʱۻ
Ҷһʱ䣬аս񾳽磬ڴսٽûʱ䡣
ʹʱ֮ҲӼǧʱ˵ǧʱ䣬ʲôá
ʱ䰡Ҷսȭͷʡ
䣡ʱԶǿ֮еħ棬ͻȻըѿɫսꡣ
һǽѪܵشٷر壬Ȼ͵Ѫһޱߵϯ鿴ǳ
һɫսħģһֻɫƣսڲץסһڵ顣
壬ڵ˫Ѿָ峺
лˣħ濴ԶĽѪ֣ص˵
Ѫ˰֣˵ħûȫȥȻȥ۹أҵ㲢һվ
ףħ˵ͷ漴ԶҶ죬ǳһĨЦ˵ͽһսܸΪʦˣһսɲҪٰܸˡ
ʱħ棬Ȼħ죬ȴûǰǹаϢˡ
ǳư·ϵ£Ψ
Ҷ֪ħ棬սĸۣǸڰƵаħˡ
£ҶЦʦҵǰʦ𶼱ҳԽˣҲһ
ãҵ㳬Խȥȫֻءħ΢΢һЦ漴һźɫĹŶ
ҶһץУɫŶʱʧһӴϢ˲ա
ڰħȭҶʱ¶ϲɫħ洴Ĺ칦ɷǳֲ


1051 ʱ֮
ڰħȭҶǳ˷ܡ
й칦֡Ŷ˻ȭ̫֮ƣټźڰħȭǾŹ칦ˡ
ңԴ޼᲻ݣΪԼģռǳ£ҲǱȼ칦
Ź칦ֻأֻؽ׵ڶʽˡ
ڶʽֻأԷǳ£ԺɨʮأΨ
ֻ꣬ԶʱʵҲֻɵڶʽֻأѾ޵֣ɨ
ֱŴֻصʽΪ켶۷ǿߡ
ңҶλ۷ʵټϵڶʽֻأѾӽԶʱֻˡ
еļ֪
ͽûɱΪڽʱȵʱ򣬾ͱֱ漴ˣԵĻԻ
Զħ˵գ˺ѿռˡ
Ҷ˵ͷĿħȥʵڽʱȵʱѾ֪ûˡʱչ죬Ὣ˷ֱͳȥСжС
ʱҲǳΣգʵ̫ͣϣܹƽǰɣ
ˣҶɣ츳㾹Ȼտռ䷨Ȼ٣̤񾳽磬ԻΪ۷ս֮һ
ʱ򣬽Ѫ˫տտضҶ죬֮ɫ
ʵϣҶںԣþŴǺ𶯵ʱ۹ؾѾ֪Ҷˡ
ʱΨһûбչصĻ𣬱Ըصעţú
ԣҶ컹ûǰ۹أ۹صǿߣȴѾ֪ˡ
ǰˣǰ˵ԶءҶǳǫЦ
ܹΪ츳٣Ѫ֣Ҳں档
츳ֻһʣ츳߲ԺĳɾҲߣʱ򣬻츳Ҫ
Ҷ죬տʼ츳ʵߣֻһ·ɫֱǿ֮·ӵʥ壬ǿ츳ӵĿ츳
꣬ܺãѪҶǫ飬֪ܶŶǷǳģ֮һ
Ҷӵµһ츳ȴǫ飬ɾͿ֪
飬Ѿ˵ˣǻǳȷûǻصǣһѸʱȡѪ漴˵
Ҷмص˵ͷϾɲΪͽϴˢɾΪ
£һģһǰǡ
ҶͽѪ̸ԺľϷֻ
ѪһϷ磬۾һУ͵츳ǳǿǹɰԵѪӦӵд˵еĲɣ
ţϷ˵ͷ԰ԸԶı䣬һ
ѪȻ⣬Ц۹ҲһλǿӵвѪһҪǿѾ̤λ񾳽ˣԸǰ۹أΪͽġ
⡭Ϸԥˣеȷȥ۹أͬʱں󷽣Ҷ档
Ͼ볬ԽҶ죬ٲãҲܱа֮ӡҶʥǸȥ
Ҷʱ򿪿˵Ϸ磬´δսԶˣҵ츳Ȼȱٵıʱ䡣л۹ǿߵָ㣬ǧҪԺڵĻᶼûˡ
Ϸԥˡ
һԵĽѪ˵ͷҶ˵Ĳǰʱ䣬ѾӦڰϢƺҪˡǵʱ䲻ˣʱڽǵ츳ǿʱҲֻһڻңܸ̫İ
ãҸǰ۹أϷڲԥˣ˵ͷ漴Ҷ죬ң۹ص㣡
ãʱ˭ɱĵ࣡ҶԹЦ
Ѫʱ¶οЦݣ漴̾ϧǽʱȵʱûǿ߻֣ȻĻǾͿǰܶʱǾӵ㹻ʱˡ
ŶϷ¶ɻ֮ɫ
Ҷüʵǰ֮ǰʱ̫ʱϹʱˣǲʱȣΪΣ
Ҫ֪Ǵڲͬʱôͬʱ̤ʱأ
Խʱأ
ѪЦĿֲ֮˼ʱȣռǶڵģʱҲǶڵġ
ô˵ҶЩ⣬ʵϣ漰ʱĶǳ⣬οǽʱռںһ
Ѫ͵ʱڵʱǻҵģȷʱȵʱ򣬻ܵʱĳǸʱ̤ʱȣҲпѾ̤ʱȡ
һԵϷоһͷȫס
Ҷ쵹е⣬ʱԼ٣ҲԵˡ
ӵеʱ֮Լʱ䣬ʱڵʱ䣬Ƿǳҵģм٣Ҳм١
ȷһǿ̫ʱʱȵʱ򣬵ȵȥ֮ȴѾԶʱˣܵʱٵá
ȻҲпܣʱʱٵá
ּٺͼ٣ģһ˵Ǽ٣ּٵļʺС񼶱ǿ滤֡
ԽѪŸеЩź
Ҷһű滤֣ǾҶǰʱȣӵиʱԻᵮһ񼶱ǿߡ
Ҷ֮ҲеЩźʱ
ҲҪ̫ģʱݴ½ıءǻлᣬʱ䡣Ѫ˵
Ҷʱϲʵʲô취𣿡
취ѣûУҪȵֻ̫ʥħǳ֮УʱȻ֪ͨǣʱħսʵѪ˵
Ҷʱ˵ͷͬʱгڴֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ΪԲ⡣
ϾҶѾӵе磬ʣµֻҪˣһȺܶ˶Ҫһ
˶λ񼶱ĸ֣ܿͨǺӣ̤㵽һƬǿա
ǰǿ֮УһȻǻҪ޴ĳǳأ·棬ޱȣǳΰ𺳡
Ѫ˿ǺӣЦʵǺŪģһԿӵܣһڰĴ꣬ٿǺӣɱ˲ٺڰĴƥ
Ҷ԰ޱȣû뵽ǺӾȻȻγɵģŪġ
Ҳ֪ǺηʥȻ˿ֲء
ٿǰǣǳزǷεģǳεģߵĳǽҷǿղϵȥҲ֪ж೤
·һΰҪסǰĵ·
һδսģһ۹رƣҪˡѪ̾漴Ƿȥ
Ҷæȥ


1052 
Ƕһ޴ķֱסˣҶٽʱӴĻ㿪һСţҶǽС
󷨣Ҷɨһ֣ʱ֮̾ɫϾҲһЩ֪ʶǳǰ󷨵Ŀ¡
ѪЦ˵ǴڵֲõģڵˣȻʵǿȴǳЩΪ˺ູܶ͡
ҶȻ֪󷨵˵Ҳڵ洫أֻЩ꣬ûʱ˷о棬Բŵˡ
ŽѪ֮ڣҶ쿴飬ЩǴӾŴǸǿߣĸ
ǶҪڴǿʵȻǰ۹أ֧Ԯ
ʵÿһʱ䣬۹ضǿߵһǰ۹زս
ͬʱҲһˣ۹˻һϢһ̵߽ǡ
Ϊֲϵصĥʹ۹سǿߣ֧ס˺ڰĳ

֮ҶѪһ˷ֱˣϷһȥѰڵˡ
Ǳ˴˶пռĴѶܿϵˣԼһҾ¥档
ҶԼͽ̣е졢̫衡衢ϻʡаħŮˣʮҶһʱȵϱǿߡ
ˣ˴˶ǳˣп
Ҫ֪ݴ½ʱǶ۷ǿߣʱȺ󣬼ǿҶ죬Ҳ۷ǿߡ
ʣµˣ˵ײ飬ӵǰķ⣬ԵöЩȻ
ҶĿĽ㡣ĺԣʱȣҶ֣Ҳ˲֪Ц˵ȴĽ
һԵĵҲпЩˣվǱЩ˸Խˡ
Ϸ硢а֮ӡս޼ҶʥȵȣЩӵʮǿʵľ콾ǣһӵλΪսλ
Щ콾ǣǷʱȣҲһǿߣǷ
ֻ̫еȻǰǿо콾ģ֮ƾͷǳˡֻλľ磬ʵλȻҲܲȴԶԶϷ˦ˡ
ԣξۻʱȺ֮УͷĬ˵
Ҷ쿴һۣ̾˿֪һ죬̫衵츳ֻҪܹţԺл񾳽ġ
ˣҶʥа֮ӡս޼أҶȻʵ֮ǰ˵ˣҶʥǺһǵģȴûп
æ˵ʦʦܺа֮ǶѾǰħսˣҪλȻǰ۹ء
Ҷ˵ͷЩ콾ȻܵʱȵĽգҪʵ
ʱҲȥħս£һЩʵҶ֪ս٣ʱûйЩˣֻϣǵʵܹǿһЩʱԱ
̵ͷλ񣬵ǰħսǳΣգҪ˽С
ξۻԵ÷ǳ͵Ͼ˵Ƕˡ
ڶ죬ѪҶﵽʱǾͱ䶯ˡ
Ҷ쾹Ȼˣ
Ǹںѹֻ̫˵ľ𣿡
û뵽ǳȻҪɱţǿɶ񣬻Ǹǳ̫ˡ
޹أħսٹǳǼš
˵ǼҶɱˣӸոճֵսһš
ڴɳĻֶһλˡ

ǵ۷׷ס
֮䣬ҶѾΪ˹עĶߵעӵĽ㣬ŪҶһΡ
ֹ˼죬ѪŹԡľܣ׼ǰ۹ˣϷҲһͬǰ۹ء
ҶǰȥС
úħսȡ̤񾳽磬۹ص㡣ѪڴؿҶ죬˵
ܵҲ׷׺Ҷ
أҶ˵ͷ˻֣ĿԶȥ
һӣҶ첢ûмǰħսǴǣӽѪѧĵ׼ռ֮С
̵ˣȴѾǰħս
ºдһƬ
Ҫˣ
Ϣܿ촫ǣʱһƬڡ
ΪӵͷܴʱȵһλѾﵽλ۷徳硣
ͬʱİ£ʱȣһĽŷޡ
ʱͻȻصǣǺҶйء
ϾҶնɱλǳǳдҲ᲻ܲʡ
һ˵ˡ

Уһ۷׷ס
ҶȻҲ֪ϢԴ˵һЦûᡣ
˲Ҳˣ±ǳдǳŲţҶҲ֮ˡ
ȷҪǿߣԲҪﷴǿߡ
£Ҷչռ
ºһǿϢнٶ£龪
һλǳİӣ·Ӿ֮ϻٵŮҵİ׹Ŷǡ
һ鶼ܵ˴ϯĿֲƣλ۷ǿߵľѹ˸оһɳصѹ
ǵĳҲֻһλλѣȴԶԶȲŮ
ӣ
ˣ
ǿǰǿˡ

֮УһƬ˶ӱչ֮бѣ׷׳
ҶҲͬӱչ֮оѣʶ̽Ӷüͷ΢΢𣺡Ҳ̫Ű˰ɣȻͷѹˡ
һ˲䣬Ҷӵӡ˼㡣
ȻڴʱȫǵҶ죬˵Ѿǣ֪ɷһ
Ҷüͷһ壬֪ȥһĻŮǲô״򷢵ġ
£Ҷһ̤ն𣬷ϸ߿գӶԳ֡
˲䣬ˣΪ˵Ŀ⽹㡣
ҶһνӣԷòȷԳ㣬߻Ȼ֮Уȴ͸һɰȴᡣ
ʲô𣿡Ҷ쵱ʵǳˣûкøУݴ½ʱǳˣû뵽ʱȺ󣬾Ȼֺǳˣԩ·խ
ԣüͷ΢΢һ壬ʱݺô꣬˭ҪͿ۹صǿߣҲҸɫ
ȻǰҶ죬һʱȵˣȻһ㶼ûаʱһ˿ŭ⡣
գһʵҶ죬һʣΪնɱǳλ
ɱߣ˺ɱ֮Ҷ˵
ɫʱһƬͬǿߣӦս٣ΪһЩᣬɱλǿߣδ̫ˣ֪ʵ𣿡


1053 һս
᣿
ҶԣʱŭЦһᣬǳͺһٶǿߣҸһ£ǳЩ굽׷˶᣿˶ǿߣ
ӻһϣ漴Ҷ죬㲻ҪǿʶǳҴҵ󣬳˼ĵҲҲɱǣ˵ЩʲôҽֻһʣΪʲôҪɱǳλǶλ񣬼ʲôҲǰ۹ؽ۹أܱӵºá
ǿʶҿǿʶѪǰѾˣ´ǳǲúЩǳȻܵ˵ǳ˵Ƥô𣿡Ҷط̵
Ӷʱɷףô˵һŮˣ˵˳ʵ̫ˡ
£ȵҶ죬ǹ׼ǳˣ
˵ԼǳҪǳһ˵ΪŴɱңҶ۸𣿡ҶЦһǿƣεͷųա
УʱһƬڡ
Ҫˡ
۾һУһ˫Ŀ֮к˸һ󱲶ѣҲ˵һѵǲ֪ߵغ񣬲֪ǰˡ
ȻҲϲŮˣǶƤŮˣҲǼʡҶЦ
еԣʱһЦ
ӱŭ죬һ˫һ˫ϸƣĶǿգǳ׹Ҷûȥ
ǳǳƣΪ£ȻҲᡣ
ңʵλ۷壬ǳʩչǳֲǳ춯أƥ
̫֮ƣҶһһɫӡ𣬴Щǳǿ֮С
ͬʱ߸߳𣬴ȵսƻǡ
̫ҪˣҪǱƻˣǾĪˡ
Ͼλ۷弶ʵ̫ǿˡ
ߣһҲųȥһ̤Ѿǿ֮УٶһƺҶ졣
һΣңԶǿǳ֮⣬˶Уһɿֲ׵ơ
ͬһŮսһ㣬ɽӣƸ죬һƺ£ǿշ顣ǿֲνһ㣬ӿ಻档
һڹս߷׷׾ӲųòǣʵҲǾǣھһų
ҶȻ츳ǿϾŸոճ񲻾ãǻǾӸʤһ
Ȼһ̣Ǿ͸ı뷨
ΪҶʱ˫ӡǰݺƳһƬֲĺʱƺƵسǰӿȥ
ֻأ
һǵڶʽֻأֲףƥǿգֲأڲ
䣡
˵ľײһ𣬱˸ӿֲΧһſǳһռ䶼ǿµʳƬ
ôܣɫһ䣬˶ǹɿµĺɳȥж̲סһѪ
⻹㣬һɫĵâ֮ɱ˺ѿռ䣬أݺݵغ֮ϡ
˲䣬ɫ䣬ŵؿԼؿڣﱻȻһᴩ涼ѷ졣
ǼҪļ
⡭Ӷʱ־ŭû뵽ҶһоȻô
ֻֻأһǵڶʽôӵô칦֮ʣæ߶Դ֮޸塣
ͬʱĿ⿴һߡ
ҶҲǹɿֲĺѪҲ˶ѣǳǿʥɲǰ׽еġ
ʱҲӣ¶һĨЦ
λ۷壿Ҳ˶ѣҶһһ̤ǿգӶ˻ȭɫȭޣء
ɫޱΪҶŸոսλʵǺǿû뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼǿ󣬶ԽˣӽλԲˡ
ֱ˼飡
Ҫ֪Ҷų񲻾ðٶȣҲ̫˰ɣ
ʵϣǣҶ챾ľ粢ǺܸߣֻǴﵽλ񾳽硣֮ӵսǿǱ̬츳ټϴﵽڶʽֻء
ҪǵȵҶ̤λ۷徳磬µʱܱȼλˡ
ǧ쳾
ӺȻһȣɫϱͬһѪɫ˺ѿռ䣬Ҷɱȥ
Щɱ¾
û뵽ŮȻɱ¾򣬶һﵽĵزҶ״ɵð𾪡
˭뵽һŮˣȻɱ¾ֱ˼顣
ǳԼɱһѪɫҶӶɫ˫ȭֱӳɱ˹ȥÿһȭܴһѪɫ
Ҷ𣬽ɫѪأΧһƬǿնڲǳս
ûһѪɫ赲סҶ˫ȭȫһһ÷顣
ɫ䣬æеѪɫΪһ壬һִѪɫҶƶȥ
Ҷ壬һӾͱסˡ
ߣӶʱ¶ЦȻһ̣Цݾסˡ
ֻҶϱҵĽ⣬ͬһ̫ըһ㣬ƥĽɫ棬ȼգִѪɫݻˡ
ӾһҪջȴѾܵķɣ̲סһѪɫʱҰһƬ
̫֮ƣҶսǺεȵȻĺûᣬһ̫֮ƺݺݺ
ۣӶʱϼˣ˶ɳȥѪ磬Ϣ͵˼㡣
һΣҶûмˣֻؿԶòͣסӵӣ˵ܺǳˣһΣҾͲֻɱǳôˡ
˵գҶ췵ǡ
ǿ֮Уֻûʵӣû뵽ԼȻܸҶ죬һܵôҡ
֮Уһ˳ĬƬ̣漴ȻһƬ׷ˡ
Ҳû뵽ҶӮֱһ漣
˲ǺųƵһţŸոճ񣬱ѾǿԺ˭ܹ⣿
ӾȻܸһˣʱȵҪһˡ
ҶΪģֻû뵽ôѣһսˡ
þҪˣϾҶɱǳλӣܻס
ڴ˵

֮Уһ۷׷ףȫǶڷڡ
һսܿͻᴫķʱʱȶᱻ䶯
ʣһҵǣѾȽȽ
ǾҶ졣
Ҷ죡
ǿ֮УԹؿҶıӰһۣȻת˺ѿռȥˡ
һΰܱĴ̫ˣϾǴűʤŶģȴĲҰܣֱ޷̡


1054 
صǣҶһ£ǰħս
һδսڰǣһƬʬ壬кڰģҲǿߵġ
㱻Ϊħս
ħսϣкܶԵΪȥǿ̫ˣǵʬ壬ǵһУƬƴս֮С
һ飬õһѡںϣúΪһڻ۹صһλǿߡ
ʵںܶʲ˵ǻϣõΪٻǳΪ
ԣǿߣħսѰԵ
ҶҲһϣõһЩǰµıԼʵ
ħսǳ󣬹ޱߣǿպ嫣ȫ߼ʡ
иõƯеľ޴ɫͷжħơ
ЩһʾŵһսĿֲ
ҶвȻ֪һʧˣȵңݴ½ڰݻ١
Ҫʵ񾳽磡
Ҷг˼ᶨ
ǰǿպ嫣һ˶Уž
Զ֮УƯһԴһλԴǽʣµһֻ֮⣬òԶĿռ䶼˺ѿ
ǰ죬治ϵشһǺ·˻
Ҷس˽ȥʱгɰǧôɱЩЩǿʧȥʬ壬ʱѾ䣬ãҶλʵ
ңҶڲԶһɢŨϢоЩþܵĿơ
£ҶһߺЩãһߵӴʶ̽ȥ
ūۣͻȻһ漴ҶӦһɱ˳ʶս꣬ҪȡĿȨ
Ҷɫʱһ䣬æʩչ׽зͬʱʩչݻǧ񵶣ɱɱ
ʱҶһĲҽǹɱʱ˻ȥ
ҶҲУһƺƯ۳һĹ
ɻ꣡Ź˻ţȻΪӰŽǰҶɱ
Ҷһʥ屬ȫȼ˳ҵĽɫ棬ĹӰȫˡ
ͬʱҶٴʩչɱȥ
ˣжʱĲҽ
Ҷʱ𹥻ߵŹԵ㣬һλǰҵĶֻ֣ʣ²л꣬͸ӲҵĶ֡
ǣСļλ񣡡æһ
ΪԲͨǶͨ
˵˵ɣ㵽ʲôҶ
зǳ棬һﶼѾˣֻʣ²л꣬ȻܲϵǿԼܿôλ񼶱áӣֻҪʱ䣬Ḵġ
СĽ³˹ԭһλڰϵħʦΪϴδսбɱת޳鷨ʦ³˹æ˵ǳС
ɱ˻ת鷨ʦҶʱȵ
֪ħʦǳСеھϣԼǵˣֻҪʣһ㣬ܹֻת޳鷨ʦ³˹˵
Ҷ첻ɵ棬Щħ߻ء
ˣҲħ𣿡Ҷ첻ʵħЩ棬Ҫһʡ
ϧ³˹ҡҡͷˣʵһżе飬ǸûгȥԸ֪Ǵ˵еħ򡣡
żҶһ㶣漴뵽ѵԼǰµż
ͬʱҲû뵽³˹ȻһҲżе顣
ˣ˵ڵżһλĵطҲ˵ķĹλõ󣬻иֻغɱУǿ鶼ˡ³˹˵
һأ
ԭǶһĹ֮С
Ҷ첻Ц찡
ȻͬΪż飬ΪҪӺڰսҶ漴ȵ
³˹ԿЦˣԭֻһȺˣǺڰһøǿĻȻܲ
ҶʱȻڰЩ˵൱ݴ½˵
Ҷȴ֪ڰûôİЩˣֻЩˣǰݴ½ѡ
ңڰ˵Ҫ뿪żֻͨݴ½УĻһӶҪż档³˹˵
ҶЩȣʵΪʲôô˵Ҫǿ뿪ƬżҲᱻˡ
ˣҾͲˣҲּĴڲŻ֪³˹ҡҡͷ
ʲôģҶʵ
һλ񼶱ǿ顣³˹ǳ羴˵
Ҷһݣ˺ڰͶӰ֮⣬ǻҪЩڰ̵ǿ
ʣλ
Ҷ컹֪ڰ»жλĿֲǿߡ
㵹˵һ㶼ǵĺڰ񣿡Ҷ漴Цڿô³˹
³˹ЦˣҲ֪ڰǣǣҲ뿪ƬżǱݴ½Ҳż棬ֻҪܹ뿪żɣǲԸڰá
Ҷһӣ˵ԷҲûд
ǵݶԻһ£ҲѡһжΪɡ
ˣҶǵˣҲֻɱˡҶ̾
ˣҿΪˣͲɱˡ³˹æе
ˣΪһ㣿ҶЦ
ˣʦǩūԼֻҪǩԼ֮ʵǿһˣʵСһū³˹͵
ūԼЧ𣿡ҶЩɵؿ³˹
³˹æ˵ˣΪģǩѪֻҪһأͻɢ
ŶԼʲôݣҶʵ
˵һˣūҲܻţ෴ūˣȴû¡³˹ЦҪΪ˻ŲǩԼأ
˵һӶûɣһӶֻҵūͣҲԸ⣿ҶԶʱȵ
Լ̫ƽˣݴ½ǿߣԸսҲԸΪԷū͡
һݴ½ߣԸսҲԸ⹶͵
߾Ӧöأ˶ʤ졣
ܹǿΪһǵңʵǱߣСѡǿߣǳƽ³˹ʵʵ˵
Ȼ˵ЩСˣǶһλ˵ǲԸϱΪģҲǱƵû취ֻù͵ġ
ϾǳһôͻᱻҶɱ


1055 ħ
ҶЩȣû뵽³˹Ϊڰֻڸȴûнǿ֮Ĵǡ
ݴ½ȴһֻҪǿߣһһżᶨ޵Щ׼֮ͽҲˡ
óɻȡǿ߻ôѡ
ĻǿҲֵܵڰôˣֻҪЩ֮УһѡͶڰ񣬾һͿء
Ȼ⼸ȥˣȴʼûһѡ塣
ĻڰҲͲķô󹦷ջħˣϧȻɹˣڻʧˡ
֮ԻʧܣҲоĹͣסħ漸ʮ꣬ħԼԿħľġ
ңħսʤħʵһ¥Ϊµ졣
Ǻڰû뵽ˡ
ðɣͬˣҶ˵
ջˣһҪӶԷ˽ϢߣҲ뿴ڰڸǵ
ν֪֪ˣܰսʤ
£ǩԼԼγɵһɲǣҶʱܵԼս֮жһС͵ꡣ
ӣȻ³˹һģһ
أҶʱȲѣоֻҪС͵꣬³˹ͻɢ
ѹ³˹˵ǩԼ֮ū;޷ˡ
Լʵ̫ˡ
ºڰԼʡǰɣҶͻȻ뵽
ȻԷǱ˴ã϶ǴЩڰĴķǳ͡
˵ֻ˵Էĸ߲㱻ڰˣԲŲòôƴݴ½
գҶһߴ³˹ǰУһѯ³˹ǱߵϢ
³˹ѾҶΪԺʱش
ڵλãħıԵϵżϵݴ½ڵƬǿգֻǵϵһѡ
Ҳֻڵϵһ䣬طżһЩҪ֣һ̤У񶼻䡣
ڰʹ֮УҲһλ񣬷ǳǿȻı壬ȴǱһ֮Уһֱ޷ǰô꣬ҲֻͶӰһںڰԨһݴ½档
ĵطԭʲôҲΪǸʱǻûпҲûֱ֡ڰ֮Ϊǿǣ
ˣǵȹڰ½

³˹˵
ڰ½Ҷ˵ͷס֣еϵżڵĵط
³˹˵ڵĺڰ½ǵݴ½󣬲ڰ֮ǱԽԽǿҲ𽥿ʼ淢չ
ڵ˿ڣݴ½Ҫһٶ౶ռݵ򣬴ﵽһʮš
ҶԶʱޱȣû뵽ڰ½ѾչôӴѹЩѹݴ½嶼ûзϣ
ڰڵȻڵϣȴռݶ
ȻҲܺͺڰıйأҲֻЩˣȻᴫ
£ҶЩܺ棬ѯ³˹
³˹˵ڰڸǵħ֪ʶǴһͿʼ̽ħ츳ǸϵԪ׺׺ԽǿˣţħıԽ졣
ԪأҶɻʵʲô
Ƿ򣡡³˹˵ڰǣ֮У޴ڡңеģĺӣͻЩ׺ÿ׺ǿһҲħ츳ĸߵ͡
Ǹտʼܸܵ򣿡Ҷʱ𾪵
Ҫ֪ݴ½ߣǵ𾳽磬ſʼ򣬾һЩţҲ۾ſʼġ
԰³˹ЩֵؿҶһۣ˵֮ԽħʦΪԲٿطǿԸˡ
Ҷʱˣڰ½ЩħʦȻһʼͿԿƷҲ̫ţ˰ɣ
Ϊʲôݴ½ô࣬ôȴݴ½߳Խأ
Ҷ³˹
̽ħ츳ʱǻ̽Ԫ׽ǾͻѡԪأΪԪϵħʦ
³˹˵ҵ꣬ΪͺڰԪ׽Ϊһǿĺڰħʦ
Ҷٶ𾪣ڰ򰡣³˹Ȼһʼˡ
̲סʵǸʱ˺ڰܶڰ򣿡
òɣҪ֪Ҫܾãһ
ԣʵڲһųõˣȻ
ˣˣܹٿЩħԪأֻҪ֪ˣҪǡֻ̤ʥ֮ǲſʼЩ򣬶ҺһҲǴʼ򡣡³˹æ˵
ʩչʱֹ˵Щ𣿡Ҷʱǰڻý񣬺ǶһЩ
ǽħÿһħӦһֻҪƿǣӵд߶ǵǿǱܹʩչǡ³˹˵
Ҷ̲סʵǿڤɣ
ԣڤ롣³˹˵̽ħ츳֮Ǿһ߿ʼڤ룬һ߿ʼѧϰħһħʼѧϰһֱĽ䡣
ʲôҶʵ
ħΪżԽżħǱΪ䣬Ϊּħǳǿ󡣡³˹˵
Ҷ첻ɵú㽫֪ħңܲʩչһħʼ
˵ʵʩչһЩħǳ򵥣ڽһĻڸ㣬򵥵Ļϵħ³˹˵գһڸҶ졣
ҶǳڴҪ֪ϵͺڰһҲ
£Ҷ쿪ʼо³˹ڹħϧЩŹֵڷǳɬѶо˰죬Ҳ޷͸
ԿҶЦҡҡͷҿ϶Щħ϶һλ˲õǿģȺڰǿ
Ҷ쿪ʼظӦĵΧʱӿһȵͬʱľҲѸš
䣡
ֹͣһ̣Ҷǰʱһ޴ĻͬһС̫һ㣬ɢųҵĻ档
ңҶܹظӦĵ޴ľⱻٿء
Ҷ쵱ָǰȥһʯʱʱ޴ıը䣬˿
һħôǿ󣿡Ҷʱ𾪵ؿ³˹
ˣһħһûôǿ֮ԻᷢôΪľ̫ǿˡ³˹͵
ҶʱȻħھ
³˹ָҶ죬ħǿħʦķйء
һλڰħʦʩչڰħ϶ʩչϵħҪǿ


1056 
ɱ¾ɷ򣬶ںڰϵķӦʹúڰħǿ
Ҷ찵뵽漴³˹ڸһЩڰħ
һЩǿģͼľͲˡҶ첹
³˹˵ͷɣȽʮĽˣֻдﵽʥ򼶱ħʦʩչˣǵʥħʦ൱ݴ½ߵʥ
Ҷʱ˵ͷ
³˹ִҶһλɬѶ
Ҷ漴ȴоٶȺÿ˵һڣĵľǳӴ
Լ˼ӣҶڰʮֽ
Ҷһȣڰ˷۶Яһ˿˿ڰһ޴ĺɫʮ񽣣ǰնȥ
䣡
ɫʮ˺ѿռ䣬ֲĽâ·أǰһĿռѷ졣
֮ǰĻ˼ٱǧֹ
뵽֮ǰٶȣҶҡͷǲٶȴҪӣûʩչħݴ½ʥɱ㼸ٴˡ
ˣ㿴ʩչ䣡³˹΢΢һЦ漴һǿĺڰϱγһɫʮ񽣣նǰա
Ҷʱ𾪣ٶôô죿
Ҫ֪ղſǻ˼ӣ³˹һӶûõõ
³˹͵ˣǴСͿʼѧϰħȻѧҪǿö࣬ЩٶȻҲܶࡣ
ҶԻȻҲѹ֣ϾŸոѧϰħܹʩչǿǿľ
иǿħ𣿡Ҷ漴ʵԽԽˡ
³˹˵ʮһĽ䣬൱ݴ½޵񹦣ʮĽ䣬൱ݴ½Ĺ칦ʮĽ䣬ǿǺڰſʩչĿֲɱС
֪ʮʮĽ𣿡Ҷ첻ɵýʵ
³˹ȴҡҡͷ˵ڰڽ䣬ǸΪڵģҲֻһλֻѧϰʮһĽ䡣
ҶʱһʧʮһĽֻ൱޵񹦣˵С
뵽³˹֮ǰǺڰϵħʦͨʮһ϶ҲǺڰϵģʺãҶæ˵ռʮһĽ䣿ȫڸҡ
³˹˵ˣʮһĽ䣬ֱǺڰĻڰ֡ڰٻ
ңҶʱϲû뵽³˹Ȼ޵񹦵ʮһ䣬ߴٵ
³˹漴ڰĻͺڰֵﴫҶ죬ֻûǺڰٻ
Ҷʱɻؿ³˹
ˣڰٻٻĶǺڰҪʩչħ϶ᱻ֪ģʱ㲻³˹æ͵
Ǿ˰ɣҶ첻ɵ뵽а̸а棬ȴѺڰٻˣʱһĺ
ʼоڰĻͺڰħ
ڰĻҶʶһΣ֮ǰǺӺսʱ̹ħ˿Ե÷ǳˡ
ֻǣʮһĽʩչʮĽҪѶˡ
ҶһʩչڰĻͻʮ֮࣬ôʱ䣬ͺɱüǧˡ
ӦǸ͵ħǰʩչȻٽսҶ찵뵽
һʩչڰĻֻܹ֮õֻҪ񾳽磬һƬڰ
֮£ҶսõܴǿЩ˷ܡ
õһõħˣҲ³˹ˡ
Ҷ쿪ʼоڰ֣һĹ͵ħˣ޵񹦲١
ħЩˣϾҶ칦кüţ޵񹦶ʹˣȻҪڰ֡
ǣҶһ߼ħսǰУһ߲ϵϰڰĻħȡ
Ҷ쾫ǿϵʩչڰĻŬϰºҶڽʱ̵ʮӡ
һҶͿս֮ǰʩչħǳˡ
أһ죬һͷ;޴ݣħսǿ֮кХһҵ쫷磬Χ򶼸ĵ˳ȥ
ҶĿȥһͷǴ˵еޣǵһοʵﵽλ۷壬ӽλˡ
ˣﰡʵպÿԱշ³˹˷ܵشе
Ҷüɱףּޣôܻҳ
ˣܼ򵥣ֻҪðʱȻԿ³˹Ц
Ҷʱ뵽֮ǰ³˹Щʬ塢ôɵʵˣǸʲôõģܹƽ
Ȼԣ³˹ЦˣҲ֪Ҫָʵ⿿Լ϶СԣҾƳⶫһЩôһָʵֻҪڽʱʩչūħ֮ܽУܲٿˡ
ҶʱҲǰ£ʱ³˹ͶʩչūۣҲҪ
ã㽫ūħҡҶ漴˵ͷһͷʵ̫ˡ
໣
ʱͷ;޴ĽѾҶСˣɱĽɫ˫ƥâڰл硣
ëǽɫģһЩɫɫĻߣǳ𺳣˫צǳͬһ˸ɱˡ
䣡
Ҷʩչ˻ȭӶɫ˫ȭӭͷ
ýһЩҶ쿴ͷͷȻһڣǳƯ
ʵ̫ǿˣֲֿٶȣ˲ƹҶ죬צҶĺץȥ
ˣ쿴ڣڰͷ壬лΪˣ̫ˡ³˹ͻȻϲش
Ȼ󣬵ǸĽǿл񼶱ġ
ʲô壡ҶԣʱһƬȡ
Ҫһͷ񼶱ٶȻ˿죬ʵ̫ˣս֮ʱİܴ
£Ҷʩչ̫֮ƣǽɫľ޴ӡŷĽѹȥ
໣һХ˫Ĵ֮䣬ٶȱ绹Ҫ죬ͬ˲һ㣬
Ҷзǳ𾪣ٶ̫ˣҿֻλ۷壬ҪǴﵽλ񾳽磬ͱץסˡ
£ҶʩչһԸһʩչڰĻ
¡¡޾ĺڰϯأɫһƬǿնˣһڲϵس˷ӳȥ
໣ϵشţͻȻڰ֮УЩʧˡ
οӣҶһʩչ޼᲻ݣͰͷֻˡ
ɫѪҺʱǿա


1057 ɱ
û˳ټǰһƬڣܿͱҶѹˣ壬ҲȻӲҶ̫֮ơ
ʵ̫ˡ
Ҷ찴³˹˵ϵغŽֻðѾû취ˡ
ʱҶſʼʩչūۡ
ֻҶǿľͬˮһ㣬Žӿȥ
ʵҶ죬ҲҶ죬һְ״̬£ܿͱҶѹˣһС
Ҷ쳹׿ͷΪԼ
˺أҪһʱ䣬ʱܸҶ
ҶҲż֮У׼̽ħս
Ȼڴʱһֱ˯ѰͻȻð˳Ҷߴߴؽиͣ
Ҷ첻ݸһЦ˵Сһѵÿѣַ֪ʲô
Դɨݴ½֮һֱʱȣѰ󶼺ˣҶҲûб̫ϣ
ջѰָķ˲ƹȥ
ħսһƬǽ壬ըѵ򣬻һЩ޵ʬ壬ߵʬ壬Լֲȱ
ͬʱﻹвŰǿޣûһͷǳ񼶱ģλ񶼺١
ȻЩǿ߹ģΪıҪĥЩħսӵܣǵʵνࡣ
Ҷ찴Ѱָʾһ·ǰУյִһƬƽա
Ƭշǳ֣ûһǳûһʯûЩ޵ʬߵʬ壬Ե÷ǳĸɾһƬ
ȷҶſԼϵѰ˵
֨֨Ѱ˵ͷ
ҶʱüѰ󲻻ָ·ǣǰƬ̫ɾˣһȥûκζء
ԣҶ첻֪Ѱָıʲô
̫ɾˣƬ̫ˣȻôɾⲻϳҶͻȻӴʶǰ̽ȥ
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Ҷ۾һܵһϤȻ΢ȴʵʵڵسˡ
ǰ֮Уһţʱһš
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Ҷӵпռ֮˿ռ䷨򣬶Ϥˡ
ԣǶ̶̵һ˲䣬ǲɿռ
ȻпռѵѰָǴأһƬռ֮УҶ
ӱʮ˹һ·֪˶ٹؿѾһµĵز
ԣܿͲµƬյ
ҲΪҶ˿ռ䷨пռܸ֮ܵһһŵĿռ
Ļ㻻һλˣҲ̽鵽Ƭյʵ
ô˵ʩչռ֮ҶƬ̣漴۱ɫһҵɫǰƬճȥ
һΣҶ첻ʩչռֻ߶һɿռܸ֮ܲŵǹһŵĿռ
䣡
ȻҶɹˡ
ɿռ֮˴˴ײһƬնˡ
һ̣Ҷ쿴߿Ż̵ľ޴ɱǵӣ¶ԭƬɾ֮С
ңЩ޴򣬶ɢһɹϡġ嫵ϢҲ֪˶꣬¡
Ҷ͸оԼص̫ʱصʱǹɲɣϢǿգ鶼𺳡
ɱ󣡡
ҶʶɨӹȥͻȻɫһ䡣
߿Źϵɵ󷨣ɱ
󷨻Ҷ쵱ڿģһλǰһϵżУһЩϢ
ɱʱõģҲֻʱЩǿߣŻ᲼󷨡
һȻκβ񣬵һȥȴǳΣա
ʱЩǿȻԲ󣬵ܹÿռȴֻܹõҶ˫ңЩ
Ϊݴ½֮⣬Ҳֻλпտռ
Ǵһ㣬ҶжϳԷԼǰ
Լǰ󷨣Ϊʲô
Ҷ첻Ȼ󷨿϶ǰΪ׼ģΪֻտռܷһƬռ֮еɱ
Ȼǰ˶ԼΪλҪŪһµɱأⲻԼð
Ҷгɻͬʱ˹ȥʼ̽ɱ
Ƿǳ߼󣬾ڣҲֻǼǿƽ⡣
Ҷֻƽ⣬ãɱô򵥣пܳΣ
ʱҶȻܷ
òѰһϢҶ쵱ȻҪú̽Ѱһ£Լǰ׸Լ׼ʲô
£ҶٶȴսһЩ۲죬߿Źϵ򣬶תƣɱ졣
Ҷ̽˰죬ҲûеõκһõϢȽһ򿴿
ν뻢Ѩɵûӡ
Ҷ챾͵Ӻܴ󣬶ʵǿ£
ʹϷһǳʼɣҶһڽ󷨵һɲǣоܵĻ׸ıˡ
ԭ嫵ǿգ˿̱һƬѪɫȡŷɻȥȴʼշɲȥ·ûзɶپһ
ƺԭ̤ߣֺܲܲʼնͣͬһط
ⲻǿռǿռƶеʱƬռҲƶ
ԣʼգҶ춼ǰһ
ǿռ𣿡Ҷ첻ɵüͷռǳû뵽Ҳ漰˿ռЩˡ
Ҫ֪ҽ˵أƾĲʵͬʱԼյĿռ
ĿռĿռǣסˣǾûˣ
ü֮ʣҶϣΧǻĮɰʯһƬûκڣûһһòݡ
ڲԶȴһƬͬһĸߴЩﶼɫģҳһ壬Ƕɵġ
ˣЩﶼͬ״һ·һģӵ̳һ
ҶѰһ£һϵʯһЩϵ֣̫ʱģҲԶʱģϹʱġ
ˣʱ֣֣ͨգ³˹ҶЩֵ
֣ͨҶʱȵ
ˣ˵ģǺڰġǺڰ½һֱ֡³˹˵
ô˵ʶˣҶʱϲ
³˹˵ͷ漴Ҷʶˣ̫ˣʱˡ
ûˣҶʱ³˹
³˹ҡҡͷ˵ˣ˵һ仰ûˡ
Ҷʱüͷ
ˣ
Ƕ˭˵Ļ˭µģ

Ϊλ仰
⻰Ƕ˵
⵽ʲô˼
ҶгʣֱӦúҪˣʲô
﾿ʲôܣҶ쿴ǰǰ̽Ƭż
úҶٴηһϵʯͬһЩ֣ǰЩһͨ֡
ʱȻ֮Ҫ󣬽ǣǣ³˹ٴθҶ췭


1058 ʧļ
Ҷ첻֪ǣɱʱ߿ʱߵĹǳҵĹâħսȥķע
ǵǣˡ
ǿ֮⣡
ػ˷˲õżˡ
Ե֮ûҵʬ壬Ҳǰµż
ʲôȥ˵

ǣԼħս飬ʱɱڵƬճȥ
λλһЩλ񶼳ˡ
һЩǿҲˡ
Ƭճ׷ˡ

ʱҶȴ𾪵ؿǰϵʯйâ˸ϣþԡ
ʱȻ֮Ҫ󣬽ǣǣ
ʱȻ
Ԥ
ҶһԣǶݴ½˵һѡ
ȻʱźڰϮǿٿԵõǿԳ
ʱȻˣֻ˻ݴ½ʱݴ½Ҳ뵮һλˡ
ö֮ᱻڰĴƵġ
ʲôǺǼʴһ𣿡Ҷɻ
³˹˵ˣ˵ޱߣ񵥵һħ򣬾Ͳ֪жʹõĴ󶼷ǳǿǱǼʴ߼Ĵ󡣡
ҶԵ˵ͷҲ²ġ
ֻݴ½û󰡣
Ҷ˳˼Ƭ̺ⱬǰϵʯݻٵˡ
ˡ³˹ʱؿҶ졣
Ҷ鲻ñֻ֪ţ˵գĿ⣬³˹ȥ
ˣұ֤˵³˹һæ˵
Ҷص˵ͷ³˹˱գȻŶԷҺ˵˵
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ңҶ컹˼ʯЩʯȴĨȥˣüͷ
ϧˣûʱǿԷԴּҶźҡҡͷȴûн䶪Ƿ֮С
ƺѾҲĶֻ˼õʯ
˭һأ
ҶЩ²⣬ܹ˵ģ϶ǰ˲õ
Ȼһ˿õǾǾ
ʱ֮ǣʱܷܿ
ʱ֮ǡҵôû뵽ȥǳѰʱ֮أҶͻȻЩ죬ŵѰ³˹һ
ţҶڵϣɫԽԽ
ӷǳ졣
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Ҷ͵̧ͷⱬ䣬ǳŵ³˹һ
ҶɫǳѿһƬͨʱ֮ǣ뵽˺ܶࡣ
ǵõһνǳʱ֮ǵʱҶͱǳסˡ
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ʱҶ̫ˣҪ֪֮ǰݴ½˿ʵ
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ΪҶĿռ֮Ǵӿռ֮ǵģʱ֮ҲǰģӦÿںϲŶԡ
ȻҶȴʼնûȥǳѰʱ֮ǡ
·ǳˡ
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ǡ
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룬пܡ
ΪҶ췢֣ûȥǳѰʱ֮ǣ̫衡Ϸ硢а֮Щǿߣƺڲ֪ǳʱ֮ǡ
ǲǱĨȥ˼䣬ȳȥǾ֪ˡҶɫ뵽
ֻҪ̡ϷЩݴ½ǿߣһ֪ʱ֮ǵĴڣô˵ıĨȥһμ䡣
ǣҶкµǣ֪Լʲô䱻Ĩˣĵġ
Ļֵ˭Ҷв˼
ͻȻ䣬оݴ½ĸ֣ô򵥡
ҲٵΣգǺڰ񣬶ĨȥǼˡ
Ҷ첻ɵӣĨȥ˼ʱ˵ļ䣬˵ûĿģҲš
ҿһָ˼䡣Ҷ컷ܣݺݵһЩҡ
֪µġ
֮ǰԼļ䱻Ĩ˶֪ҶоһëȻ
ϸ룬Լʼ˵飬Ժлһ飬Լʲô䱻Ĩˡ
³˹ѰڲԶҿҶ죬ΪʱҶɢһǾ㤵Ϣ
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ȵҶʱԼ۾ܶĶԲ²⣬Ӧĸ׵Ķ档
ûãҶָоһֻ֣סԼΧˣҰǿץ˳ȥ
ҶʱһҽУ˵ĺЩ˵ʧˡ
֮ҶоԼΧֶ˺ܶĶ·»صĸ׵Ķ棬ȴһİĸо
ʱҶ컹һɭ֪ܹ˵ûϵܿ죬ͻһСڴĳɳĳɳԶҵĿ֮¡
Ҷ˯ˣʱѾԼһӤ֮ǰһС
ʱҶοµľʱðһ亹
һֱ־ǿΪʧȥ˫ȣѡɱ
ⲻǰ׳ղŻȥȫϳ
ҶԼǰȻûзһ㣬ֱʱŸо˹졣
ҵļ䲻ĨһЩ۸һЩҶԽԽļǿ־ʱ̲סЩˡ
ͨοµľԲµԼǰɱǱǸӰˣѡɱ
ңӰ磬ɱĸףתƵҶҴĸ׵Ķ档
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֪һʲô䱻ĨˣҶеĺ£۾롣
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϶ģָЩĨļ䡣
ֻΪʲôôѵѾԤϵһ𣿶ǸĨĺӰ˭


1059 ڶ
ҶϥԺУ顣
λ񣬶һǴǰļתģԴСеǵ
ǰĨļ䣬ʱҲһһڸ֡
ף
Ҷɣ
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ֻ۾棬˿־塣
ΪؼǵãʱҶɸҶȥɽԣܵ޵Ĺ档
һμԭȱĨˣǴ˿̣Ҷˣؼǵãĸ÷ʱ޵жôҡ
ȻЩߵĸҶɣֻ˭أ
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ͬʱҶɵҲҶл֡
֪ǲԼĴڿϤ׵һ˲䣬ҶоԼÿοԼ񣬶Щԡ
ǰҶʵǳԸ
ڣٻÿθ׿񣬾ܸܵһ˿˿ͬ
ⲻһ׿ӵ񣬷·һ߸ϵ飬ڸһֻϡȻصĺܺãƭҶôꡣ
Ǵ˿̣ȫ֣Ҷڸо˫Ĳͬ
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ıٿغŪһҪӰҪöԷ㹻Ĵۡ
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еһжݻˣ涼ȥһĵ¶ѨҶǰףʶ޷̽ȥ
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ǡҶüͷ΢΢һ塣
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Ҷ쿴ڶҪ򶼸ɽȥˣвɵ÷ǳɣ浽ʲô
ꡭڶڼɣ򶼱ڶɽȥʱҶ쿴ǺڶȻڽС
Ҷһͻ¶ԥ֮ɫ
ڲȥĻȵڶʧ¾Ҳȥˡ
뻢Ѩɵûӣߣ
գҶһ˺ڶ
һΣҶָ˼䣬֪˺ӰĴڡ
Ȼָ䣬֪ʲôһҲǳҪٴΣգҲҪǰ
Ҷڶ֮ڶͻΪһ㣬漴ʧˡ
ͬʱɱ棬Ѿۼ˴˷۶顣
һȥˣֲǿܣڴɱ۷׷ףǳ֡
쿴ӣͻȻ˾
ΪһϤṲ̊ǿնٴ˵أ˺ܴĺ䶯
Ϊӣʱȵһλӡ
Ǻܿ죬Ӿ̸ܸҶһսʱ
䣡һɫӰֳһ޴ħħ죬·һƬڰԨη
һͷܳĺڷһ˫۾ȫǺɫģͺñȺڶһһУӵһɿµħԡ
ʶа֮ӣʮǰںԣ˺ܴĺ䶯
Ҳ˵˵ħ֮壬츳һ𡣡
˵Զʱаã㿴еħǴ˵еľħ

һȺ˿а֮ӣ۷׷ס
ӣҲؿа֮ӣʱһһ˿ɵ
а֮ЩĽǳСȻΪ棬Ȳϴﵽλ۷ӣƾѾħûһ˸С
ʱǰɱ˳˼
úս޼ҶʥˣҲ̸˺ܴĺ䶯
һЩʱȱҲӸظˣڴˣúܶĿ
Ȼϱλ֮Уǰɱ
ڵļλˣǶɱȤ


1060 
Ҷ̤ڶ֮ǰһڣ·˺ڰĻʲôҲˡ
ĺڰޱ޼ʣҶܲʱţܲռĴڡ
·һƬ޵ĺڰ֮У㣬ֻʣ˼뻹ת
ҾȻԼ
Ҷܿͷ֣Լ˵ȥĻûκ
Ƭ޵ĺڰˣžڰ塣
Ҷ΢΢Щңǵһľ棬㵱ڰĻ뻹ͨ
Ҷȴ
ԣǿǡҶȻ̧һֻƣʩչһʱҵĹâܡ
ͺڰĻֻͬûһ˿ԲԵúڰ
ˣûпռΣܶǺڰޣֹ
ͺҶһķ棬ȴ޴󣬴ҶʶҲ̽Ӳˡ
ûпռ䣬ûʱ䣬⵽ʲôطҶзǳ𾪣ط⣬ûмġ
£Ҷһ򣬳ǰȥ
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ȻҶȴ֣Լ۷˶ãΧʼնһƬڰ
ұסˣ
Ҷжʱһ
ͷۣΪ֪ôƽ⡣
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ǰһΧǺڰޣȻǰԶȴһɫĹΣϥһɫӰҶ³˹ǡ
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ˣǰ
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ţҲʶҶʱȵؿ³˹
³˹ֵˣҿĻżˣ˵λ𡣡
Ҷüͷһ壬漴³˹ս֮Уغǰ³˹֪
ʱϥڹеӰƺҲӦҶĵվת塣
ʱҶ쿴һһģһˣֻ˴һɫĳۣģ꣬һ˫۾͸Ŀ⣬Եɲ⡣
ˣҶ죬һ̾
ҵǰ㲻Ӧôʱ֮𣿡Ҷü
ʱ֮Լǣңǣֻûصݴ½ݴ½Сҡҡͷ˵
Ҷжʱ𶯣˾ȻȻµûǰ
ֻû뵽ʱ֮ǾȻǣ
ѵǸӰʱ֮ǵǣҶʱ뵽Ĩ䣬ĺӰ
һҪС֪ǵһУҰĺܴ󡣡Ҷ죬Ŀص˵
Ҷɫʱʱ֮ǴıϵģȻ֪һУ֪ıҪࡣ
ԷĿĺȷͿռ֮һҶҪΪ


1061 յ׽ҿ
һ㣬Ҷͼʶˣ飬ǳСԸ޷ˣֻ˸õ
ȻĻУҶ֪ʱ֮ǣǳǿ
ҶЩţ뵽ʱĿ£;úпܡ
ңʱ֮ǺͿռ֮ǲһʱһЩռҲ֪ǰΪҪô
һʱռֱ̫ˡ
Ҷ첻ɵɫӰʱ֮ǵǣôΣտ֪
ˣôᱻڴ˵أ
ҶͻȻǰ
Ǻεǿ󣿲һ󷨣赲ڰĽܴʱȡ
ʣ񼶱ĸ֡
ʱȴȻڴ˵ء
Ҷоܲ˼顣
ҴʱȣΪݴ½һڴʱ֮Ҳĺܴ󣬱ץסᣬһٻܣȻһֱˡЦ
ҶɽһЩΣʵʲôȻԹס㡣
ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ɣͬʱʱͿռ˵
Ҷüͷһ˵Ѿں˿ռ֮ǣӵпռҲӵʱһ֣ӦÿƵΰɡ
˵գҶؿɫ˵ʵֻһ֮ʣ˭֪ʲô㣬дһ˿衣
ҡͷЦֻںϿռ֮ǻʱ֮ǲʱͿռҵҲǶʱ֮ǣܴʱȡԼûʱ߿ռңֻһͬʱӵʱͿռܴΡ
Ҷüͷһ壬˵ѡ
ԣôҶһ˼ʱһоˡ
ǰҲڴʱ֮󣬱㱻ʱ֮ǵشȻһֱѺڴ˵ء
ʱ֮ǵǣ㰵в֣ǰҶӵת
ôǣҲǺӰ˭أ
ʣҶѾһѡˡ
ǾǾ
˵̫ʱľʵһˡ
ֻ˵̫ʱԱǶһƿʱռǿ˵Ҫʱֻзʥֻ˵ʵ̫ˡ
϶ΪͻȻҶͨʱ֮ǣӺ̫ʱзǳ𺳣ҲһЩ֣Ҷںʱ֮ǣһв־ˡ
ԣԱӶڰУһСֱϹʱŻ𣬿ʼԼĲá
뵽Ҷʱɫ˵ǿ󣬶˼꣬η̡
ʵ㻹лᣡʱ˵ˣĿ⣬һ˿˿⡣
Ҷ۾Ҳһɻؿ
֪Ϊһ𣿡ͻȻʵ
Ϊʱ֮ǺͿռ֮ǣҶһ£˵
˵ͷ˵֪ܲʱ֮ǺͿռ֮ǣʵǱֻ۾ֻ۾˿ռ䱾ԴǺʱ䷨һֻ۾Ҳʱ䱾Դ
ֻ۾ʱ֮ǣҶʱ˵
˵ͷ˵Ȼʱ֮ǵǣʱ֮ǣǿռ֮ǣڱ۾ֻںǣֻǡ
˵գҶ죬ߵ֮ԲһУʵΪ˶㣬ռһУΪڶ𡣡
ʵӦú׶ҰɣҶ첻ɵɻ˵
ҡҡͷҪһλת֮ôףɱ㣬Ϊɱ㣬Ҳ޷꣬ʱ㻹ǻתֻеȵ񾳽磬ʱŻ㡣ʱһУ֮УһᣬǾҲתȴռһС
ҶһͻҪ񾳽磬û뵽һ񾳽磬ȴµĺ
Ҫʱ䣬񾳽𣿡Ҷ漴ʵ
ҡҡͷֻα꣬αֻٵԾ󻼡
ҵʵôܻٵҶЦ
ֻҪںʱ֮ǣܻٵ˵գٶȿҶ죬˵һ˵ֻҪ̤𾳽磬ںϿռ֮Ǻʱ֮ǡֻں˿ռ֮ǣȴûںʱ֮ǡ˵˺ֶܶΣⲻںʱ֮ǡ
ԭˣߣҶһ䣬ʱ֪ԼļΪʲôᱻĨˣΪںʱ֮ǡ
ʱ֮Ǿ̵ֶΣϧʱĨ˼䣬ڶûںʱ֮ǡ
˵Ҫںʱ֮ǣǿ󣬵ĸʱ֮ǣֻҪʱ֮ǣҪٵס
ѾʱȣҪβܻصݴ½أҶʵ
ܼ򵥣һλ񼶱ǿߣͿ԰صݴ½˵
Ҷʱ뵽˵˻ʣҲǽʱȣȴȥˡȻֻҪﵽ񾳽磬ɵ뿪ʱȡ
Ҫȥ۹һˣֻǡҶ쿴ΧĺڰޣЦ뿪
һȴô꣬ʵΪ˵ȴһ죬ΪסҾûˣＸ꣬Ҳûκ׼㿴
˵գѪţһһ˳Ѫɫ񵶳֣ɢųҵĹâӨ͸͸Ũҵɱ¾Ϣ
ҶĿһ𾪣һɱ¾֮
Ｘ꣬ȫɱ¾ڽɱ¾˴Բ硣ֻҪô˵ҵȥԻƬռ䡣ңҲɱ¾ģȫѵɱ¾ɱ¾ҲܴԲʱԽ񾳽ˡ˵
㡭ҶЩɣΪһҲˡ
ҵĴڱǳȫ㣬ֻҪ㽫ܹԽôһУ㶼ֵá˵գؿҶһۣȻɱ¾֮ݺݵزԼš
ûѪӿ壬ȴڷ⣬Щâɱ¾֮ӿȥ
סҪںʱ֮ǣٵУ󡭡϶˵
Ҷʱ뵽֮ǰҵʯæʵʲôҪο
Խݴ½ڵǿżڡڡû˵꣬ѾȫʧΪâɱ¾֮ʧ
ûҲԶʧˡ
Ҷǰɱ¾֮ɫЩѿȻ顣
Ȼ԰ݴ½ڵǿͳżݴ½˵ʵһĺϢ
ûü˵ˡ


1062 
ϧˣ
еɱ¾񵶣Ҷһ̾
һˣҪǴ˳ȥʱȵ鶼ڵġ
ãõôջٲǰһƬˡҶ漴뵽˾
ڣ֪ԼԵĵ˭ˡ
ȻкܴѹٿȷĿ꣬ǰŪڹ֮ж֪
ȥ۹ˡҶ˵գʼеɱ¾񵶣Ȼǰĺڰȥ
ʱһѪɫĵâ˺ѳһ޴Ŀռѷ졣
Ҷһ̤УʧƬڰ֮С

ɱ棬ǧۼ׼Ź
λڵԴͷһλ񣬿ʼ
˵⼸λڵ󷨷ĳɾͣǾһָģǵĴ£˺ܿͽɱƽˡ
º󣬻һλڵ˵ɱѾȽһˣһƻеۣҲƽô졣
Ƚˣ
ԣʱ𾪡
Ȼ˸ҶԴɱ󣬻ƻеһۡ
ǿһɱһλָŵһڵĵط˵
ҲԣɱӦ߿Ŷԣôֻţ
Ȼ˻ٵһˡ
Ǹأɣ˲ʵ
һλҡҡͷ۹أû飬ܻصħսǸˣҲ֪ĴɢңעΣա
һ飬ʱʼֱȥ
ҶѰĿģһɴ۾ʶɨӣϣʲô
ףʲôҶʥһ棬ʱһžǾȴǺɫģ·޾ĺڰԨҶʥʶ˽ȥ
Ҷʥʱ֪Ǳ·˹ȥץɫĹž
ס֣ڴʱһȴӲԶ֮ĻһǿϢѹ
ȻҶʥûᣬֱӰɫĹžתؿˡ
һĸߴλͬᣬĿ͸һư֮ɫضҶʥס֣û𣿡
˭ס־ס֣㵱𣿡Ҷʥߵ
ʱȼʮ꣬ҶʥССҲ˺ܶսѾǵǸոճé®Сˡ
ңſλʵһҲηǰλ
Сӣ㾹ô˵üͷһ˫ƥ⣬쵶նҶʥ
Ҷʥһֳǰһץǽɫľƣʱץ쵶
¡¡
սĲʱ˵ע⣬һĿ⣬ʱؿ˹
һλ𣬾Ȼ˸˭
ҺЩ졣
ҶʥҼǵڻǵĺԹ츳ȼ磬˵ӵʮǿе̫ʥ塣
ǿǿԾϧҶʥϾ̫ˣûгɳ϶ܹ

۷׷ףһ߼ѰңһȤعս
̫ʥ塭Զüͷһ壬Ŀһ˿Ҷʥ֣뵽Ҷ죬жʱˬ
ңҲӵʮǿʣЩʡ
䣡
ҶʥٶȽһУȻ̽
СӣʵѹôšЦ˫ӡһ޴ɽƾճ֣УҶʥѹȥ
ܵնˣжʱɱҶʥ
䣡
Ҷʥɫǳ侲˫ֳǰƳһž޴̫ͼʱǰ棬Щиסˡ
Χ˶ʱһƬķޱ𺳡
Ҳɫ΢΢һ䣬һ˳Ҷʥһ񵶣ңңնգɱҶʥ
ҶʥȻ̫ͼʵϾ̫ˣȻסһȴõɳȥ̲סһѪ
ţ¶һ˿𾪣û뵽ԼȫһȻֻǽҶʥѪһֻλ۷𣿾ȻԵסλĹ
ɵ뵽Ҷʥӵ̫ʥ壬һ˿ʵĹâһٶɱҶʥ
ҶʥУѪҪˣͱˡ
ϾλڵǿߣҶʥλ۷壬˫Ϊ̫ˡ
ɱˡ
Ҷʥ浹ùȻ
ҶʥķҪҲλ񾳽磬ܵסˡ

սһ̾Ϣ
¶Ц֮ɫ
ڴʱһƥȭâ֮к˳ȥ
ҴҴֶӣ㲻𣿡ս޼нٶ£ȫ¶ɢųҵĹâһλϢʱǵŰ
Ȼֻλڣս޼ӵп֮壬ʵԲ
˭Ҷ£ɫضս޼ȵ
ҽս޼ս޼һ漴мؿߵһʮļһȴ۸һһ겻ˣҲӶ
ʲô
Ҷʥһꣿ
սˣʱһ󾪺š
Ҳɫ䣬֪ԼµһֲˣˣΪǿ׽
Ȼ£Ǿһˡһս޼ͬʱҲԱߵҶʥ֡
ȭս޼ʱŭһ˫ȭգƥĽ⣬Ƭǿնڲ
Ŀ֮峹ױ״̬һսǡ
ͬʱϵȭףҲǿ˺ܴս
һʱ䣬˴òʤ˭Ҳκβ˭
Χ۵˶ʱ𾪲ѡ
һս׵춨ս޼ҶʥҲˣҪ˶ãܴʱˡ
Զһڵǿ
ȻڴʱһɫӰǰ
а֮ӣͫһضǰ֮ˡ
ǵս㲻Ӧò֣һΣҶͲŹˡа֮˵һħʱ񷡣
Ҷ죿ɫٱ䣬üҶʥҶ죿ǵʲôϵ
ӣа֮˵
ʲôӶʱ𾪣û뵽ҶĶӾȻҲ˱̬ԸҪǳɳʱȷڡ
ǵһǳܵѹơ
գһҧȵҹ
ھ֣ţµĹһƬӣûа֮ӡ
٣а֮һصӡţֲĺӿسƺƵ캳ء
ϧŸո̤λ񾳽磬ߣһʩչǳƣа֮Ӻɱ
Ȼа֮Ӿħħʱӿһֱµħ·һΧһУȻһֲĵâ
䣡
ӵǳƾȻһˣɫʱѿޱȣͬʱг𾪡


1063 
ôܣ
Ӿŭӣû뵽а֮ӵʵȻôǿ󣬶ܹˡ
һҶڸǳһаܹ֮ȼ磬ս޼Ҷʥӵʮǿʵĳš
ʲôʱôǿˣ
Щɬܹ֮⣬ҲС
ڣŽ֣˺ܶµĶ֡
Ǹܵǰδеѹ
ԶҲһ飬˹עĽ㣬ڣһˡ
ңԶӶа֮ӵסʱ͸ӳˡ
ѵǵʱѾȥ
ǣʱڳˣоһԻ͵Ĵʱˡ
ųֵ̫ˣһһ̬ս޼ҶʥţǰһʱһѾܲˡ
ڣȴһӳô࣬νƼʻᡣ
䣡
ͻȻ䣬һѪɫĵâӺڰ֮лޣ˺ǿգ㽫Ƭռг롣

飬Ϊ㲻壬ս궼ˡ
һ̫ͻȻˣڳ˶𾪡
ս޼ӡа֮ǵսҲˣΪǵƥѪɫâҲǹˡ
˶뿴ͻȻֵĿռѷ죬һɫӰ˳·һЯһƥϢܵն
Ҷ죡
ף
ս޼Ҷʥʱ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ˣҶ족ֵʱ򣬶ʱһƬȻ
Ҫ֪ҶֿǷǳ
ⲻںѹֻ̫ˣ֮ǰǻӣһս
ʣҶѾʱȵһλӵ˱ȼ硣
ʱҶȻ֣ʱ뵽֮ǰλĻ
˵֮ǰԽɱƵһ۵ˣҶˡ
ֻҶΪʲôͻȻʧˣͻȻˣڳĺܶ˶ǳ⡣
ҲˣţҶһƣӭս޼ҶʥЦݡ
Ҷ쿴Ҷʥһ˵ʱ򣬶ʱЦݾˣɫҲ
ô£ҶʵԼĶӣǱĺܣ񿴵Լˣʱˡ
ս޼ָָԶ˵һʵͦǿģֻܺƽ֡
ҶжʱⱬĿ⣬ŲԶȥ
ҶӣҶʵ
ߣ״ɵһȻܼɵҶ죬Ŀ֮£ȴԸ¶⡣
䣡
õȷϣҶ˫֮Уʱƥɱ¾֮⣬˺գء
Ҳ̫Сˣһһƺǰƥһռ䣬ѵء
ȻҶõ۵ɱ¾񵶣ɱ¾֮⣬ǽ֮ǴԲɱ¾Կģʱ䴩ƣ嶼
ߣɫ䣬ƺһ˶ɳȥ
ϣѪñԴ֮ϻָ
ΧһƬ
Ҷһ˫Ŀ⣬Ȼʵ˺εȿµĵز
ڳһЩλ񣬶¶غͲŵĿ⡣
Բɱ¾ôܣӵɴ۾еһʵڳģȻ˸ղҶɱ¾֮Ŀ֮
һﻹô̬ս޼̾ʹҶһУͿԼҶĲ࣬ԽԽˡ
֣

ױŭˣԷûж֣һ˫Ŀⶼ˵ˣҲ̫ˡ
𰡣ôܵ裬սȫ
¡¡ǿֲĻ֣գ캳أɢһϢ
ȥ۹أӻѧĹ칦һֱǿɱС
֣ߣҶЦһʥ屬һ̫֮ƣѹȥƥʱͽľ޴ָˡ
漴սѡ
ȻҶʩչ˻ȭʥ壬ս޵УܿͰѹסˣ϶ѷˣ嶼Ҫˡ
־ŭóҶλڵΪӽλڣΪһսȴȻ˿ֲ
̫ǿˣȫǶ֣
ǵȻˣӶˣο
ֻˡ
츳ǿ

ǿ֮У۷׷ף𾪡
Ҷչֳʵ̫ǿˣȫǶ֣Ҷѹסˡ
޼᲻ݣ
ڣҶץסһᣬˡ
ǽɫѪʱգһ˹ս߾
Ҫɱ𣿡˾
ʵϣҶ첢û飬һ˺֮󣬽Ÿոһֻء
䣡
ǿֲĴɱС
ƥĺǿնڲ˵ɴ۾ǻǵһοֲĴɱС
ӣ̹֪һеĿ¡
ҶСѣס֣
ڴʱλڵ˲ƶʮλȫ֣סҶһֻء
ȻˣʮλҲѪɳȥ
Լ֤ҶֻصĿ
Ǻ⣿Ҷüͷһ壬ʵ
Ǳ˳֣ᣬڣҶ컹ЩмġңЩ幱׺ܴ˲ò𾴡
ҶСѣǰȷ֮ҲѵķϣһΰɡһλҶ˵Ȼ顣
Ҷһæ㿪ó洫ӵƣ˵ǰɷˣ˵ҲЩԵ
ţ󺣣λҶеƣʱȵ
Ҷ˵ͷ̤󺣣ҵõһЩ󷨴кͱûüлλǰء
ܹ󺣣ĻԵлǡλҡͷЦ
һλæʵСѼȻõڵ󷨴У֪һﵽʲô̶ˣ
˵ʱ̫̣һֱûжʱ󷨡Ҷʱڨڨ
ްС츳ǰѾ֮ã彫ܶһλ졣һλ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴Զżλ˵Ȼλǰ飬ˡ
λص˵ͷҶǸеǳο
һֱ˲ȥˣΪ̫ˣҲûˡ
Ҷս޼а֮ӵȺѾۼһ̸Щľ
а֮ӡս޼ǣǺӳ󣬸ûǴ೤ʱ䣬ǰħսˡ
ʱڣа֮ӡս޼ǣ׷ͻλ񾳽硣
ҶʥΪʱǶ̣Իͣλ۷徳磬츳Ҫ˶ã̤λ񾳽ˡ


1064 ȥ
ս޼а֮֮Ҷ˵Ŀַǰ֮ϣȻżѾ˷棬ֻˣҵһѡ
ңЩҵȽϹŹ֣ҵһ˫ЬԴգٶ졣ĵȼȻûʲôͷֻһ˫ܵЬ˷ǳ֪λǿ߻ôģƳ
ϣÿ򶼻һĹŹĶûˡҶںʯȴһûУֻһƬ档
ĽȻһڸϹǳоòһˣϷˣˡ
ȻҲ뵽֮ǰҶͻȻһռ֣ܵõʲô
Ҷʵ̫ǿڳûһ˸ȥѯҶ죬ЩϱλҲңֻεȥˡ
ս޼а֮ӵȺҲȥˡ
ǿ֮УֻʣҶ츸Ӷ˲УԼôľи̾ԷѾ׳ˣҲҪˡ
ף㿴һҵıҲ֪ʲôôҶʥ˵Լľ֮󣬱óһɫľӣݸҶ졣
Ҷʱ۾һУΪ澵Ϥĸо·ʲôǳ⣬½ӹϸ۲졣
йصЩİҲЩϤҺҶ˵գ۾Ȼһ
뵽ʱ֮ǣʱ֮Уһɫľӵơ
ʱ֮ӵʱͿռǿռ֮ҿ϶ʶôȻ̺ʱ֮
Ҷ찵գ漴ԼʧȥǶμ䣬һƬء
Ϊ֮ǰװŲ⣬а֮ӡս޼ʱ֮ǣǺȻǶˡ
а֮ӣҶһȥǳȻҲʱ֮ǡ
˵ҲĨȥ˼䡣
ҶʥҲһ
ٶҶ漴һѪɫľ
ʱɫѪҺɫľؽ·ʲôȪƳ׸һ㣬ҵĹâ
ţҶʥʱضš
ǹɳҵĹâʧ֮ԭĺɫӣѾ˰ɫǳף·ɫϸͷˡ
̺ʱֻǲ֪ʲôôҶ˵
ʱҶʥԾ
˷⣬ʱ䷨غķ򣬷Ǻʱ䳶ϹϵĶ档
ף߶Ҷʥ̲ס˵
ⶫǴ߶ͿԡҶҡҡͷѾӷһͻȻɫ䣬ŵֶҶʥһץС
ôףҶʥɻҲӿȥʱ¶֮ɫ
Ҷɫһ䣬æѯʵ㿴ʲô
ҶʥЦ˵ף棬ҿСʱ龰
˵գҶʥ￴ȥ˵ҳʱĳѪħʦҲأҿػүүҸȥˣѪħүүôأ
ҶʱüͷʣҶʥԼĹȥղȴǿˡ
ùҿҶ
ҶʥЩ游׵׿ʲôҲûжʣֱӽӶ˹ȥ
ҶžӣûϹۿһŻĿ档
ʱһĻ棬ھ渡֡
棬һɫģĺӰѪܵ˫֣һ˵Ķ棬ץһӤΧһԺӣԺ浽ǵµʬ壬Ѫɺӡ
Ҷ뵽ԼĨļ䣬ʱĸ׵Ķ棬Ǹܵ˸ץ˳
ⲻǰһĻ
ȻǺӰЩȥˣһˡ
ҶŷŭȥʱһתľҶҴ塣
ʱҶҴ˱˵գеĴǣˣ㳡Ϸһ߾ʬ壬ҶĬ
Ҷ쿴Լĸ÷ſһʬϺţǾʬ壬ĸҶɡ
ʱҶ컹ֻһСкĸߣҲᡣ
ڴ峤Щʬ𻯵ʱ˵Ķ飬ͻȻֹͣˡ
·ʱһֹ̣ͣ
ֻСҶ죬ֵصɴ۾𾪵ؿŴӲԶϤӰ
ǸӰҶɣ͵ŵҶһģһ·һСҶЦֻЦԵЩɭ͹졣
ҶڿоһһëȻ
ʣ˾ǺӰĸȡ֮Ҹı˵ļ䡣
ҶܹԼ׻õ֮ǾƤһжǺӰźõġ
𣡡
ѹһֱңΪҴϿʲô𣿡
Ҷг˷ŭ
ףףЩҶ죬Ҷʥæе
Ҷʱӷŭ֮зӦһٶȿӣȻһԿȥľӡ
ţˣǼʯ
ҶͻȻ뵽ԼǰõǼʯȫȡ˳һĿ飬ּ˸ٵˣҶ֪дʲô
ڣԿȥľӣҶʱ뷨
ĿʯһһžӣȻϸ濴ȥŹһʱ䣬ӳھʯϣʱʼһЩּ
ҶæסЩּдȻдĿʯ棬˾ӡ
һԣҶʥЩؿҶһУ֪ڸʲô
һԿȥľӣͽȥɣúñܣҲáҶһУʱӻҶʥ
Ҷʥ˵ͷȴǺܺ棬׵ھ濴ʲô
ҶûҶʥ³˹˳һһϢҶʥһ㶯ֹ³˹
ģҵˣҶ˵
Ҷʥŵ˵ͷЩش³˹룬һϢΪʲôһˣ
Ҷ³˹Ŀʯдʲô֣³˹֮ǰĿʯּ֪ĨˣھȻָˣзǳ档
ΪһˣǳԼֻܻش˵⣬ѯˡ
£³˹ʵʵظҶЩֵ˼
ˣʯдšȥ֣飬дšڡ֣һ飬дšδ֡³˹˵
Ҷ˵ͷҲóǰʯ棬ֻдֻ֣û뵽Ȼǡȥڡ͡δ
ʲô˼
Ҷ첻һʯдŵһλҲܹ֪Щʲô
³˹ָŵĿʯ˵ˣһλ˼ǣڰԨҵһ˻ʡ
ţҶԣüͷʱһ塣
ڰԨҵһ˻ʡ
֮ǰ˵һ˻Īؽ˺ڰԨȻҲûлҺҲŽ˺ڰԨ
ڰԨʲôܣﲻǺڰĴӪ𣿡Ҷг˼һ漴ѯ³˹Ͼ³˹ԺڰԨ
Ȼ³˹ȴЦҡҡͷ


1065 ʮ
ˣûȥڰԨ֪ڰԨĿֲΣأһλ񣬶ʱ䡣
³˹Ц
Ҷ𾪣ڰԨǺڰĴӪôô£
ôģҶ첻ʵ
³˹˵ڰԨ󷨺ʱƬһλ񼶱ǿߣһС󷨣߱ЩʱƬУҲܹǿźڰѰҳһȫĵ·ˣǵҲʧܴ󣬷򵱳һսܴʱˡ
Ҷ˵ͷʱ˺ڰԨΣգֻǵһ˻ΪʲôҪȥʯΪʲôһλ
λ˭ģ
ģΪεֻǻĿʯּûн֮ǰһʯּҲٵ
֮ǰΪβֱӸȥѰҵһ˻ʡ
Ҷкܶʡ
ǰʱ֮ǵǣôһ˻˭ʲôϵ
ʣؼһ˻ϡ
Ҷ컹ǵõǵʱһаȾһ˻ʣ˵ʲô͵һ˻ʲôϵ
ѵҲƭҵģ
ҶȻһɫˡ
Լǰǰ󣬸оЩִ̫ˣ·ֻǴҴһƳ
֮ǰ£кܶʱԺҶ콻Ϊûн꣬ôɱˣ
ҪȳҶ죬ҲûҪһʱİɣϾʱҶֻǱʱסûʲôΣա
˵ôģΪıǲҶ֪̫Ķ
ƭҵģô˵ĻҲܹȫţµĹؼڵһ˻ϣұҪҵ
Ҷ˵
Ҫҵһ˻ʣͱڰԨʵ϶붯ְֻ̫æС
۹֮УҪӿٶˡ
ֻ⡮δȥ͡ڡʣǴʲô˼أҶ뵽ɻ
ȥδڣʱϵֶֻʱ棬¶
ʱйأ
ҶΨһ뵽ݡ

һºҶҶʥֱˣ磬Ҫȥ׷ѰԼ֮·
ҶʥҪȥͻƾ磬λҶһ߿ʼɱ¾񵶣һ߳۹ǰ
ħսϣƱãżдս
а֮ӡս޼޳һľ콾ǣʱѾ׷׿ʼոͷ¶ǣΪʱȵһλλ
һԻʢ˵ǿߣܹܵڲϵǿš
ʱ䣬ҶҲûţһ·Ҳܵ˲սокܶ𣬶ʱȵıţǲҶһһս
ʣҶ콫һһܣԽԽ㣬Ѿվǵ۷壬ֻ޵ļ˲ܹȼ硣
ʮת˲š
Ҷɱ¾񵶣Ϊ̤λ۷徳硣
ң⻹ǿпƵãҪ룬ʱܽɱ¾ȫλԲ硣
ֻһɵ磬Ͼ񣬽񾳽硣
ԣҶҪѹΪͣλ۷徳硣
Ҷ츳ֻλ۷徳磬ʵȴһ㲻λԲǿ
ЩЩսǣ϶Ǳһ̫֮Ƹ壬ȫһ֮С
ҲΪˣҶʵŵõǿǵĹϣվ۷塣

أ
嫵ǿ֮Уһֻչ裬ҡֱϾ˫գһɿ͵쫷硣
һͷλ񼶱ޣ֮һЩ׷ܿ赲
ҲЩûж㿪Ǻ̧ͷۿ
ɻô㿪һͷ޷ǶҪ
ԲɵЦİɣǽҶѾҶշˣôֶܻԸǡ
ǿվڽϵ꣬Ҷ졣˴˵
˶ʱڽıϣȷһֵɫӰ͸һɱȽҪǿϢ
ǰЩˣʱȻ漴һĽ֮ɫ
ܹշһλ񼶱ʵ̫˲ˣ̫Ľˡ

ˣ˵Ķ԰ɣСǽеߣҲôͳλ۷徳磬̤λ񾳽硣³˹ԻڽıϣЦ˵
Ҷ˵ͷʮָƣΪһ̤λ񾳽硣
³˹Ҳ׻ָΪﵽλ񾳽硣
ЩҶһ·ʹѾǿˡ
䣡
ңԶһǳϣȻһɳĽ⣬ʮǳˡ
ţҶʱ¶Ⱥ𾪵Ŀ⡣
أһһ˫ɫֳغ;衣
ǿĽ⣬ǰδˣһǿߣ֮ǰսǼҪǿ󡣡³˹
ɽ̫ˣɢϢһɺ޾ѹǵ궼ڲ
ҶоԼڵռ·һ㣬֮
ռѵĳɹ𣿡Ҷ¶֮ɫæ߶ǿǳȥ
Żߵǳ֮ϣϥһϤӰʱѾ۾ŽҶ쿴ȥ
޳
Ҷ죡
˶¶ɫ漴һЦ
ãҸոռһԿ޳漴һҲô֣һֲĽâ˺أգҶնɱȥ
ãҾͿռʲôҶЦһʩչ˻ȭɫȭһɫǵƥĽâײһ
¡¡
һƬضڲձռ飬Χļʮǳˡ
³˹ҪҶ커ţ¶Ҫһನ֮С
ֱһɢ֮ҶųŽǳ֮ϡ
û뵽㾹ȻռղһʵӽλԲˡҶ쿴ǰĽ޳̾
ڵļλ콾֮У޳Ϊûʮǿʣټʱ̣һֱа֮ӡս޼Ϸ˵ĺ棬챻Ҷʥ׷ˡ
񣬽޳ռȻﵽ˾硣
Ҷţڵа֮ӣҲֻ뽣޳൱
Ҫǣռռһǰ;ûеߣ˭Ҳ֪Ժ޳ĳɾͻжߡ
ϧ㻹ǲܶ࣬棬ٶȾȻҲô죬Ѿλ۷徳ˡ޳ǳƵ˵
ռҲǿ̤λڶѡ
Խ棬Խѣ򲻱ÿһҪѴʱ䣬ʵ̫ˡ
ֻһЩѣôٶȡҶЦ˵
ϯضʼδȻҪúõһġ


1066 ǳս
ߵϣҶͽ޳ѾԻ̸۵ء
޳Щľ٣Դݴ½һھ콾˦֮󣬱һֱʼ׷ѰԼĽ֮·
գĿռ֮ϡ
ڽʱ֮󣬽޳һֱڱչһ·չһΣô
оռò˵ӵϽĵջǸռ
Ҵռһʽ
ҶԴ˷ǳ壬ռģȫڻԵɺϡ
޳ƾԼڽ츳һ߳ġ
˵˭ƣ𲽽׶ΣֻĿǰҶһѡ
ҶռʽѾγģͣҪ˶ãܱˡ
һʽԾ춯أֻزҶҿ϶
ˣҶ죬ұΪռǼˣǵռ֮ȴһ̫ˣһӶ߲ͷ޳ͻȻ˵
ռ˵ԭĿռ䣬뵽˹棬Ҫ󣬸Ӻ嫡
ҶЦһͷˣǶѾӵ޾Ԫһ죬Ǵﵽ۷ġ
޳Ե˵ͷ
ңûз֣ռռĳЩԣʵһǿ֮·һǿǿ֮·Ҷ˵
޳۾һ˵ͷǿ֮·Σպ٣·ȴܳҪ޾ʱȥۻ
ҵռҲֻǴڶʽ·ÿһѶȶɱӡҶ̾
òռȲҪѡ
һоܲ˼顣
ѵϣһڷ֮
ҶЩ²⡣
뿪ݴ½Ҳʮˣе㻳ͻȻ޳һп˵
ݴ½
Ҷһ̾
ǰǽʱȣѾȥʮʱˡ
˵ʱ̫ˣÿһαչأҪѼʮ꣬ϰꡣ
ҶڶұչˣĻһСıչͷǾˡ
֪ôݴ½𣿡޳ͻȻʵ
Ҷ˵ͷһλǰ˵ֻҪʵܴԽʱȣصݴ½
񰡣ûʱǲܴﵽġ޳ԿЦ
¾ûʱˡҶ̾
޳üͷһ壬ʵʲôϢ𣿡
ϴҼ۹Ѫ˵ѾӦڰҪѵϢҪ˶ãҪսˣʱǶҪǣȥҶ
޳ɫʱڵʵħսȷǺǿˣվ۷塣
۹صЩȴǲ̫ԶˣһּĴսЩ콾ҲֻһڻҶѡ
˶ܵһɳصѹ
ʲô㣿Ĭ˰Σ޳ʵ
ȥ۹أҶ˵
Ŷ޳¶֮ɫû뵽Ҷôǰ۹أΪҶħսһʱأȡ񾳽ء
Ҷλ۷Ϊǿ´δս֮ǰ̤񾳽硣
ʱȥ۹أִ̫ˣ
ԣ޳ԵЩ⡣
Щ˽£Ҫȥ۹һˡҶ쿴Ž޳ɻĿ⣬˵
޳˵ͷȻ˽£ҲͲˡ
תͷеǣҶг˼ĵģǴս٣ǸôԾ
ǸȻô򵥵ˣҶЩ̫š
һеյףֻҵһ˻ʣпܻᱻҿ
ĿǰҶҲֻܲ²⡣
䣡
ͻȻһǿλϢӲԶʱ
Ҷͽ޳ʱ۾տȥ
ֻˣԷˣȻΪǡ
ʣλҶ죿һ꣬һͷ̷ǳɣ˫ǳͬڰеǳ
ҾǣҶ쵭˵ȴЩȣΪеЩϤ
ˣ˳ú񣬺ҲЩƣѵǵĺӣ
Ȼ漴Ҷ죬Ҷ죬ҽǳҸսģҪ񾳽磬Ҫڴ֮ǰ۷һսص֮ء
˵գǳָһġս֣㳯Ҷȥұҫ۵Ĺâǳһž޴ǳѹ
ԴԲǳ۵֣һ־һǳЯſֲѹǺ嫵Ϣⷽնܲסը
ǳǳһĨЦҪҶ죬ʲôʸֵøԴ
¡¡
ѹ£Ҷֻƣ㽫סˡ
ǳʱͫЩŵؿҶ졣
Ҷƣ·һһ㣬˲ѹסžǣȻ÷顣
ȥ㸸ףǰ֮ءҶ쵭˵
ǳɫЩˣ˫ĹâҶ죬ҪҸһս㻹ȹһأûʸҸһս
δ䣬һǿϢǳϱ
ǳֻĸף̫ˣĶǳҶǵͶҪö࣬Ѿ̤λ񾳽磬Ҵﵽλڡ
ʱУǳҲһλ𣬺Уһѻ
㲻ҵĶ֡
Ҷ쵭ؿ˵ǳѹǿϢԵ̹Ȼ
ǳɫ΢΢һ䣬ߵǲĶ֣Ҫս֪˵㻹ûҴʲôʸǰװ󡣡
ҪҶ㻹ʸĶְɡ޳ʱվ˳Ц˵
ǳüͷһߵ˭λڣƾҲҵĶ֡
𣿡޳ԵһЦһǿƥĽ⣬ʱϱΧʯΪâǳ
ǳƣǳһһ£Χš
ԼҲˣɫЩѿ
ǿĽҼǿһˣʸһսǳŽ޳Ҳûһ˿С
Ҳܲ޳˵գΪһ񽣣նǳ
ǳλĺӣ츳Ȼ̫ΪȽ޳һףʵȻС
޳û˿⣬ȫռƥĽƣµ򣬳ҵĽâ˺˲ա
ǳĿһ˫ֻӶǳ֮⣬Լ˶С
˼ײһֲıըƬضǴ֧顣
أ
ԶҶ³˹վڽıϹս
ˣ˿ƾУ˵λѽ̫ǿˣǳֲ³˹˵
Ҷ˵ͷǿߵĹοռĽ޳
ս˰ʱ޳һǳ壬һƬɫѪҺֲĽƬղ
㡭ǳѪɣŵصŽ޳
ղһĳ˿־壬ڶЩ¡


1067 ۷֮ս
ǿ֮Уʤѷ֣ǳ޳һ̴壬嶼ЩˡǹɿֲĽ⣬Ĵܶ˺ôһ򣬲ѹȥ
㵽˭
ǳɫضŲԶĽ޳ڵ۾𾪡
ֿµĽǰδ֪ǿߵУҲûֿµĽ
һǿߡ
зǳ𾪣ֻλڣҪǵȵλԲǾԲĸ١
޳
޳˵漴һɳ죬䵽ϣҶһʧ޾ǿ֮С
ǳԶȥıӰȭͷý죬û뵽ҶߵһˣȻ֪Ҷǿʲô̶ȡ
ûϵҸλԲ磬֮ǿߣ
ǳһ˲ȥ

ºħսƽױˣҶ콫֮һսϢʱȡ
ʱ˷ڡ
˵ҪҶ֮۷һս˶ȥۿˣҲȥɡ
ӵʮǿеǳ֮壬ΪﵽλԲ磬ν֮µһˡҶȻɳЩ츳ųƾ˫Щǻһսһ㲻֮¡
һǳ֮壬һʥ壬˶λ񾳽еǿߣ˷۷һս֪˭ʤһ

۷׷ס
ϢħսȻ󲨣˶ˣ׷׸֮أ׼Ŀһ۷֮ս
ʣ⽫ʱʢ֮һһЩǣҲ׷׸֮أһЩϱǿǣҲڴˡ
ϢǣʱǶˣ𾪲ѣȻ󶼷׷̤̣ǰħս֮ء
ˣԴʱ̫ʱԶʱľ콾ǽǰ۹֮ЩħսΪ𣬺ų֮ǿߣһֱѹͷһɽ˸˶һɽˣ붼üޱȰ
˷ܵ˵
˶ۼ֮أÿ˵жڴ
֮ء
꣬ڰ۹أһ·ħսҵһս
Ƭϵսϣһλ졪֮Ǳڰնɱڴ˵ء
ֻ̫֣֮ƴȼվѪش˺ڰűסĸ
֮󣬺ܶ˶Ѱʬȴûһҵõ
۹صǿ˵֮ûȥһ˿ʬ˴˵أΪҪ´С
ֻǣô֮Ѱңûҵ֮Ĺء
ЩʵҲ֮زϵѰ֮ĹأȴʼûҵѾսĵصѡһ˽ᡣ
һս֮Ҫ񾳽磬Ȼ֮ͨأǰ۹ء

ʱ䣬գۼڽˡ
ģĶǳİӡ
һڶˣȻǶһսš
ʱ˵Ŀ⣬ǿ˹
ǿ֮УһƬ۷׷ףڲѡ
һӵǳ֮ľ콾ϹʱѾ£ħ沢ΪϹʱš
ֻʱħѾӡˣʼնûмһ档
ʱȣĥʮ꣬һΪѾﵽλԲ磬νվ۷壬񼶱ǿˡ
䣡
ֳһɫĳìϵɫǳۣɢųҵĹΣ˶Уúܶ˶ǵʵĿ
еǸɫĳìͬյ磬͸һɾâ˸еâ̱з
Χˣо˴ɢǹǿƣѾﵽ˶㣬ֱѹסˡ
֪ѹԼΪѾ񣬽񾳽ˡ
̫ǿˣҸоѾˡ
ɲǿţɶܹԽսġȻ񾳽һ󿲣ܹԽ츳̫ǿˣδزõ
ԤУ⽫һ񼶱ĶԾ

Χ۵˵УһЩϱλ˴˽̸ţʱ𾪲ѡ
񼶱ĶԾǿǷǳֲ۹أѼʶĵ
أ
ͻȻһУӺǿ֮д
˲ɵûͷʱһֻ;޴Ľſ򣬸Ҵһɿ͵쫷硣
ܶ鶼ЩվȣеǿϢ׷׶
ıϣվӰһ̣Ϊ˵Ľ㡣
һˣʣҶ졣
һˣȴ˸еɻΪǺ֣Ȼ˿ԺҶ첢϶ƽ
ףԱߣǳ˵
ӶʱϵĽ޳һ˿ȣ˵ֻλڣ㻹һ磬㾹Ȼˣ
ǳʱصͷ
ؿ˽޳һۣҡҡͷ˵ǣҪﳽˣ˵ĽǿҲδ֣ܵòԩ
ŶӶʱٶȿ޳ȴһ˿
Ҷ죬ҲʱŵԼķ
䣡
ҶӽһɿֲĽɫѪʱϱϯǿա
޳ӰɫǳУվڲԶУԳ֡
ͷڷ磬ԵЩɢңһ˫ڵӣȴһ̱ƥĽ⣬Եòҫۡ
ʥ壡
Ƕʱ
ʥ壬ֺųʥ壬ӵǿս޵С
һǳ֮壬һʥ壬Χˣȫѣȴż۷֮ս
ڲԶ޳ԦŽа֮ӡս޼ߵһ׼ۿһս
ΧϱλǣҲעжԳֵӰ
ͬǳۣһɫģһɫģһȴ˵Ľ㡣
ѾãˡŶҶ죬ȴǴǿա
ò˵Ǻųħսǿ𣬾̧֮䣬ɢһɽӵƣڳ˶𾪡
ʼɣ
Ҷ컺ɫѪƲ񷣬µգڲһɰս⣬ϯʮأΨ
ֱӵĻ΢΢ݣ漴һЦͷ˵ҵȴôãΪǿһЩ쿴Ѿ̤λ۷徳磬ûʧ
˵գһ̤еɫìѾգ˺Ѳ񷣬Ҷ졣
䣡
ҶгһϽǹƥìײһ𣬼һɿֲܵʮǳˡ
˶¶𺳵Ŀ⣬һȻѾ˿ֲֿµʵڳܶ
ЩǣҲ¶֮ʱ𺳲ѡ


1068 ǳ֮
ǿղձѡ
Ҷ֮սȻ̽ΣÿһιɿֲĻǿķս߾
ܲ
Ҷ죬ڵµ⣬˳еɫìƿռء
׷𾪣ɢѹ̫ǿˣЩʵµˣ̲סˣ͸оԼ걻ѹƵܡ
һǿġơԴ͸壬ش˵ꡣ

Ҷͺһ˫ĿƥĽ⣬ǳҵĽɫѪȼգͬһ㣬档
¡¡
֮Уεײһ𣬱һ籩ùս˶һļ¡
ɱ
һķǺΪ֮ɽӣޱߣһֳìɱЯһһǰĿơ
ǹɱùս˶ܵһɺ⣬鲻Խش
·Ǵ˿Եһì
ҶǴһͷһɽɫĹ˶УϽǹںһ𣬳ɱȥ
ɲǼ䣬Ƭǿն鿪ˣΧǳҶϱĽɫѪݻˡ
ͬһɫ޵սһǹ˺Ѳ񷣬һС
䣡
䣡䣡

һ˲佻Уÿһ춯أɫìգһҵĳݻ˲Զһźǡ
ҶеϽǹᴩ񷣬һƬǿնˡ
ս뵹ˣ㱻ನǣȥнһȻ
ҶսΧǿݣձѣռ飬·һжޣҶ񱩣һƬǽ塣
ȻҶȴӰ죬ĮĿеìǹȻڲϵײޱȼңʤ
ڵƬǿգ״ˣ籩ϯսٴαһЩ롣
˷׷׺Ȼѣ˵ս̫ˣսɣһСľͻᱻನ
ǿ
ŶҶ죬Խˡ
ʱ屬һҵǹ⣬·޾ǳڷ⣬һֲǳ֮˷۶˶Χˡ
ǳ֮壡ս˾
ҶĿҲ
չֳǳ֮ˣڵͷһӱɫһ˫ڵӣҲɫĹգͬ硣
أһɰƣϯ
ǳƣȻ̧ƣֳһƬ޾ǿգǼֱһС棬Ҷѹ
һ̣飬ǺҡΣ˶ܵһϢѹȸС
Զսһǣʱɫ䣬ܹ֮ͬ޵Уɲǳ֮壬Ҫıǳơ
޵֮Уǳƾ۷弶ģԼģʩչ칦
˵ܶ۹ص񣬶޵мӡ
ܶ𣬵궼ǰһ֮£Դʱٴμ¡
ôҷѾٶ޵ˣҶ죬ȷЩ¡ӰȻ˵гԺ
һ޵񹦣˵ˣҶҪŲסˡĶӣǳҲ˵ͷ
ΧԣûоǿΪȷʵ
ô꣬ħսѾû˿ԱƳ޵ˡ
Ǹ˵Уܼʶ޵񹦣϶Լʩչʮǧ
Ҫ֪޵񹦣ǳ֮崴ġ
ֻӵǳ֮壬ܽ޵񹦵ޡ
䣡
ʱ˷ǿգһµǳ֮ϣʹĵСӺˡ
һƺ£Ҷ˶ʱ޾ǿ˽ȥ̫֮ƣȻûƬ嫵ǿ֮С
ԶӺʱ¶Цݡ
ս˺Ȼɫ䣬һǳƣʩչĸͬ˵ˡ
ˣѾﵽλԲڸܹ񾳽磬޵Ҳ϶һΪ칦ˡ
һλϱλͻȻ
ɫ䣬˵ĲôһֱͣλԲ磬¾Ϊ޵
񣬴޵չֵȷˡ
ΪҶʩչ̫֮ƣˣ˵ǳƿ϶˹칦Ρ
Ͼô˵Ҷ̫һӵʥ壬̫֮ƲԴģҲܷӳǿ
ֻпԼĹ칦ܻ̫֮ơ
һսҶˡ
Ҷλ۷徳磬һ㣬Ļ˭ʤ˭һء
ܾǰܣΣɲںһ㡣

۷׷ףҶҪˡ
ȻڴʱĵƬǿ֮УȻһ
ֻأ
ĸ֣ǿеˣɫһ䡣
Щһδսϱλǣǿۿһɫ۵ֻվǿ֮УһֻأɱڰĴڰ֮У·硣
һֻأǱ񣬹Ϊݴ½ǿĹ칦
ڼʮǰҶֻأӣһս
УԶ¶ɫ
һзΪΣ֪һΡǳʵ
ڶʽӳΪֻǵڶʽŽܡ
һԵǳ𾪲ѣҪڶʽֻأҪŹ칦С
۹в񣬹칦ȷ٣ǣҪŹ칦ɲʲô˶õġ
ңֻŹ칦Ҳʲô˶ɹġ
ʷϣвȥ۹Ź칦ʧˣҳɹˣҲֻ˵һʽ޷ˡ
ֻԣҪŹ칦Ҫߵ츳һҲ˵
ֻ꣬𴴳ֻصʱҲЩɷֵġ
ֻأǵڶʽܺãûʧ˿̵ɫҲޱأһ˫ҵӣâɡ
ȫ߶ǳ֮壬ǳ֮ѹеҶ졣
¡¡
Ȼֻص̫ǿˣŹ칦뱬·ǺӾֲ̣ĺƵû档
ɫһ䣬ܵԼĵС漴ҪˣǹɿֲĺŻһе赲
䣡
ڣҲѹƲסǹɿֲĺơ
ƶˣһɫ񵶣ǿ֮նɱһɾâ޼᲻ݡ
䣡
ȭֵȭͷ÷飬ǵסһɫ񵶡
ΧĹսߣʱһƬӺǳĸӶˣҲŵصɴ۾
ոջռϷȻһӻٵֻƣȻ˵ʲô˲ͿԻָ
ʹղŵһҶռϷˣúܶ𾪲ѡ


1069 
˵Ŀ⣬һηǰƬǿ֮жԳֵϣǵУþ޷ƽ
ܴ˿Ѿָ˫ƣǸղŵһĻȴؿ˵ԺС
ʱݺħս޵ֵȻҲ˶֣·硣
ܶ˶е˼顣
ӺǳĸӣҲûд֮лָš
ΧսǣҲǵһһ𺳡

ǿ֮УޱصؿŶҶ죬һӵǿ츳ˣͬ磬ҳϲĶ֡
˻һΧһƬȻ
Ҫ
һսΪֹ
˵𾪣ӺǳĸҲ֮ɫ
ǡڴʱٶȿ˵ǽһȫԸˣκ֡
ԣɵɻˡ
Ҷ˵֣ҼʶһλԲɣ
Զһλԣʱⱬ𾪵֪ˣ֮ǰѹΪѾѹλ۷徳磬ҪҶͬһսҪʼչʵˡ
ԶʱȻ漴׷ڴѹΪôȫжôֲ
ʤƽƺֽˣӺǳٶ¶˵ɫа˿
һûٸ˵ҶһˣΪղŵһĻȻ£˭֪Ҷ컹ûʲôû
ʤûзֳ֮ʣûٸ˭˭Ӯˡ
˵Ŀ⣬۵ǰǿ֮Уҫ۵Ӱ֮ϡ
עһ۷֮УҶ죬񾳽ǿսǵĹâ棬һȻʧɫ
ܶ̾ϢͬһʱһעֻܳΪǣΪǵġ
ɱ
ɱ
Ƭ̺ҶһȻ㻯Ϊ磬˴ˡ
ҶֳϽǹ˺գأЯһױȵƣǰµܼ졣
ֳɫìҶ죬˶޾ǳ֮⣬һǳս񣬱貵ԡ
䣡
˺Ȼײ죬·źײһ𣬳˴һɿֲನ˷ϯһſǳ
ȻһɲǣŶкȻ۳һɴԲǳɵ񽣣Ҷ졣
ҶĿһȴû뵽һУִ֮䣬ֻܶ񽣺һ̫֮ơ
ͣ
һĨɫѪҺʱѪǿգѪҺ֮г˿ֲѪΧĿռ䶼ڻˣÿһѪҺӴѹ޵еս⣬һſҫ۵ǳ
𾪣ҶѪҺȻɫģֱǰδ
˵ʥѪҺǽɫôɫˣг˲⡣
ɫѪҺǿ󣬶ѾѪҺˣ˲ò̾Ҷ츳֮ǿ
ã
ԶӾϲ
һΣռϷˣһҶơ
λԲλ۷壬ѹ̫ǿˣҶҪˡиλ񿪿˵
ȴûж˸ͣΪֻƶѣֵһᡣ
ֻҶ΢΢һ¶ϵ˲ָͬʱһɱ¾񵶣ơ
ɱ⣬ܵ¶ȣȻ½
֮УſֲɱҶֳһƬѪɫӡ
Բɱ¾򣡡
ʱͫһš
ҲһƬ
޼᲻ݣҶһȫעеɱ¾֮Уʱʹ񵶱貵ĹâγһֲѪɫâն
һǳЯŴݻһеĻ֮ǹΧǿնڲ
ʾֳǳ񽣣˺Ѳ񷣬ɽӣǽǰӳȥγһſβǳϵغҶ졣
¡¡
ҵս캳ء
Ҷɱ¾񵶣Я޼᲻ݵǿնİӶըûˡ
ͬҶԼǳ岻ϵˣǿ壬ʼѷ죬ʥĹâðȥˡ
һ˵˭ռϷ磬˶ܵش
ǲûֹͣս޸󣬼ɱһ
һƬգʱرһǳâһƥѪɫ񵶣ùս˾ѡ
ҵս۷ĴսѾܶûпˡ
˶ûаһˣ̫ˡ
ǳƣȣһ似λԲľ߶ֲܿ죬һ㣬ǰ
֮䣬ӳһС棬ǳתϣ嫵ǿգҪҶɽȥ
һΣҶ׼Ѹӡʩչֻأһɿֲĺǰ
¡¡
ײֲĴը
ҶǿನɳȥǺܿסӣΪ磬˴ˣٶɱһ
ͣ
ɫѪҺɽҲɫѪҺҶ˶ˡ
ǵʵ֮䣬˴ȫһսֱܾˡ
ôܣӺǳĸ𾪲ѣȻ
ǷǳĿʵڣλ۷Ҷ죬Ȼϡ
ǲϷɽȥɫѪҺг𺳡
ˣ
Ѿưħսˣûҵսûбһ˱Ƶֵز
Ҫ񾳽ˣȻ飬ֱ˼顣
˶𾪵ؿǰǲҵսһƬε۷֮Уǿ֮ǿս
˵Щ𾪣а֮ӡս޼Ǿ콾ǣҲ¶֮ɫ
ǾãǵλԲ磬Ҳˡ
䣡
ҶսڲϵƶһƬǿգһƬǿա
ΧĹսǣֻԶԶģҿǡ
ǳƣ
ֻأ
һ۷ײµܡ
ǻ˷ǿӳȥݻһƬƬռ䣬ըһſǳ
ڴʱһɫƺܵ˸Ӧ֮ͻȻ˳һɳҵ貽⡣
һ˲䣬ҶƺһѪˡ
ǽ𾪵ؿɫĹһƬȻղŵĹǵֱӱһ
ʲô
ʱԶ˾һƬ𾪵ؿ޴貵Ľɫ
ͻȻ䣬ǿ֮һƬţ漴ϵ
ûпɣ
֮Ĺ
û뵽ҶһսȻ֮ȻƬ֮ء

һȺ˶ʱ˷ܣ׷׳˲ƶ
ҶҲ̰֣ɵоⱬϸع۲


1070 
ͨɫûһ˿һʣʮǳҪӴнɫ֣ʶ޷̽ӽȥ
һȻǿ֮УȻƽȴɢһɿֲѹȸУ˸е궼ھ
ֱһսݰ˾̾
ǵȻˣ֮˵滹֮λǧˣȫֱɱħħ޿ƥСһλμӹսϱλ˵
ϧҲΪ̫֮ǿˣ˺ڰע⣬ҪĿϡΪ˱ڵǿߣ֮Ȼӭսڰˡһϱλ̾
еЩǿǣҲ׷սˡ֮ʣһ˿ſյʧս֮Сһλϱλ˵
һ֮¼ɵȻ𾴣죬𾴡
ʱ˶ϵǰΰ
ȱ˵ˣ쿴ôܴ֮϶˴С˼е˵
Ҳżнɫ԰סû˿Խȥ
úһλڵλɵǰ˵츳󣬶һ߼ģù
˶֪ڣԶĳɾͷǳ϶Բɵ뾪
츳
󷨶һ˵İǺ֮ǰͼһ츳ߵ͵󷨡
ֻ߼츳֮󣬶ʱ¶ơʵ顣
Ϊ߼츳ֻһЩŲܽȥ츳ûдﵽһļ𣬸ͽȥ
ǿнȥĻϳϵǿ֮⣬û˿ǿнȥ
Щ֪϶ȥġ
Ϊ֮ѡ񴫳ߵĵطһܽȥǶ֮Ĳ𾴣ǿͻȥ֮
Ҫνȥս޼ʵҶ˽ʱûж꣬ЩٹעԲ̫
ܼ򵥣ֱ߽ȥˣֻҪ츳㹻ȻȥǼסҪ󷨣Ҫɣ󷨻ġλڵ˵
Ҷʱ뵽֮ǰսನΪܵķͬʱҲ¶ڡ
ľô򵥣ս޼Щ棬·ǰȥȻ˽ȥ
ңս޼ȥֱ֮ӳʧһƬҵĹâ֮С
һʱһ㶣漴һ׷׳
ս޼װɵŭһҲ
ҶԿЦãҲû뵽ս޼ô޳ܡȻȽȥˡ
ǣıս޼ȡ֮ĴУҲ׷׽츳Ȼͨ츳ļ⡣
а֮ӡ޳Ҳʼȥˡ
ҶҲ̽ȥ
׼һ£Щ˵ؽȥˣЩȥֻܲĵر档
츳Уֻܸɵۡ
˵ˣ֮ѰҴߣΪǿߣҲûҪġ
ϣ˿Լ̳֮־Ϊ嵲סڰ񡣡

Щ̾
ʱ
ڷǳһƬ硣
Ҷ֮󣬷Χ˵ӰԲǧ֮ڣֻһˡ
ңһƬĴ󺣣ǳ峺
ԴӽʱȣôҶѾܾûпĺˡȻʱҲкܶ򣬵ЩǻĮ
ʱƬҶͷ·صݴ½вЩ̾ͻ
Ҳ֪ݴ½ڱôˣ
С᲻ʱȣ
Ҷ찵뵽
Ѿ뿪ݴ½ʮˣ˭֪ᷢʲô仯Ǿݴ½ǳɵ
䣡
Ҷп֮ʱһֻǿĴ֣ӺݺݵسҶȥһƬκˡ
ʱ󺣷ǰôƽ
̫֮ƣҶ˫ⱬʱʩչ̫֮ƣһӭȥǿ˲ӿûǰա
˻
Ǹ޴ĴֱֱӺϡãӺ֮жʱðһȻҶŭ˻š
ҶЩȣΪͷһֻ㣬ǳ޴֣ʱȫҶȻΪ˱ǰش
һǸݵģ
ҶһЦ漴ӡֻػΪֲĺͷȫûˡ
һָ̣ƽˣǰͷʣˡ
һͷλڵޣڿǵʵ𣿡Ҷ뵽
λ˼һ£֮ȻҪѡԼļ̳ߣΪļ̳ߣʵ϶̫͡ϾҲܹԤϵõ㵲סǴκڰĽҪ˶ãڰ񻹻ġ
ԣʵ̫͵Ļڶʱһġ
ֻҪﵽλ񾳽磬ٵõĴУô񾳽ͿˣкܴڴսǰΪ졣
ҶµĲʱ˿̣ˣҲܵһͷλڼ޹ܶʧܵˣֱӱ
ʣµˣλ񼶱ǿߣһʮˣжʮʣµʮϱǿߡ
һ
ǾҪӭ֮µˡ
ҶǰȥûżΪ֮Ҳ֪ʱȣĵĿ顣
ңܹģܹ˵صģ츳һ֮
ǳںˣ߰˸֮࣬츳ǹˡ
Ҷ²⣬Ҫ̳֮ĴУ츳֮⣬϶Ҫ
̫ӵʥ壬´У϶ӵʥȣ񵱳µĴбս޼ȡһ
ֻһνˣûӵ֮ˡ
뵱꣬ݴ½֮壬ϧҶ죬ѾҶˡ
סʲô
ͻȻҶ۾һУǰһž޴ıɢſֲı⣬ͨ쳹أǳ𺳡
̫ˣһƬ磬Ӻ֦ҶԵ÷ǳïʢնˣա
Ҷ컹淢һɫĹӣȭͷôСȴͷųҵɫâôסˡ
·ôоöɫӸˡ
·󺣣Ϊһöӡ
ʲôӣҾȻûмҶԵ÷ǳ𾪣һͷףôġ
׷ǳ峺ҶһǱһ߷ųʶǴִ̽ȥ
𺳵һĻ
ôһԴ棬ǿԴǳ޴󣬱ʮɽҪֻ۾ڵˣԵЩ¡
ҶԴ棬еһĿֲѹѹ㵱ĽѪҲûУһλǿ
ʱԴȫˣҼöɫĹ档
Ȼ֮ɫĹӣӦһ


1071 
ⲻ֮Դɣ
Ҷ쿴ǰľ޴ԴɵóԾ뵽ΪԴɢѹ̫ǿˣ˸еϢ
Ҫ֪Ҷڿڵʵһ񲻿ܸôֲѹȸУֻλõ
λ죬֮
֮ԼԴһöӣӵʲôĵرȻҪôֲֲ
ңôһȻֻһŹӡ
Ҷʵ޷ˣһԿ϶Ǿӷǳǲɶõ
Ϊ˱ҹζ࣬ҶѸٳ棬öɫĹǰ
ɫĹӾعڴϣҡҷɢһɫĹȦȴû˿
Ҷ֪ӷǳ죬ȫڹڲȻ
΢ԥһ£Ҷժöӣʱһĸоȫ嶼ϴˢһ飬ȫ˵
ͺñȴ֮ϴ˸裬Ȼ磬ȫ£⣬һˬĸо
̫ˣ
Ҷ۾һöӣָоҪǳȥ֪ʲô仯
жʱڴ
ҶǳûϳöӣѸһȦûΣ֮󣬲ŷų³˹ȻԼϥ£ʼöɫĹӡ
ӷǳƤǷǳӲҶݷȻҪ߶ҧö
ҶҧƤ֮󣬶ʱоһȪӿ˲͸ĺȫ¡
ƤǣҲΪһĨ⣬ʧҶ档
¡¡
ʱҶоԼԴһ˲˹ȥ
ˣ³˹ʱ
һԵĽĴ򣬳Ҷ·סˣԼıϡ
ˡ³˹ҪҶ죬ȴҶϱһɽɫĹâɳȥ壬ŵһҲҿҶ졣
ǹɽɫĹâӳȥýЩܲסˣɵ÷˳ȥ
ҶƯ֮УɫĹâ֣ͬһɢһɿֲѹ
Ƭˮڷˣһκ񷣬ضս
¡¡
ҶԴ棬Ȼںϣ·ڽʲôӴϢ
㱼䣬Ҷ쿴һΰӰԺ֮УɢųҵĹâʱ䳤ӣ֮С
ʣ֮㲻䣬Ψһõ⾳Ǵ˵е֮
ֻǳһӶѣô֮Ҷвɵֹš
Ȼһ̣ҶͿ֮ɢһΣĺ֮У飬һĲΡ
ʱҶ͸оԼ֮Ϊһ壬ľ磬һӵλΡ
ңܹܵǹľ磬·ʱ䳤֮Уռ䶼޷ĥڡ
⡭ôܣ
Ҷʱޱ𾪣̫ˣֱ˼顣
·֮һУΪ˵ڶ֮ΨһĲֻ֮ͬľ磬û֮ʵ
Ҫ˷ʱˣֻһʱ䡣ͻȻ֮˵ˣǳأͷ·Ӱһ㲻䡣
ǰҶʱһ
ֻµһ˿Ӱ񣬿˷ʱ䡣֮ٴ˵˲ɣźǳˡ
ҶʱҶʣʵҲµˣԼڴڵľ粻ֶܼãǾ̫ˡ
£Ҷʼ˼һʱ䡣
Ҫ֪֮ľ磬ֻҪзһͱȵ֮ǰһˣλĿֲ֮
ϾѾоˣολоļ϶ǳס
Ҷӵɱ¾񵶣ʱܽλԲ磬ûҪ˷ڵһʱ䡣
ңҶڿɲܽ񾳽磬û뵽ֵİ취ء
ԣ򣬺ܿͱҶˡ
ռ
գҶѡоռΪĸԺΨһ֮·
˵£ҶȫԼľ磬ռ
أҶ쾪ϲط֣ǰռѣںȴǿˡ
ٶֲ̫ˡ
λľ֮£ҶǰռһЩѵ㣬ʱõռѸٱǿš
Ҫһ㣬ҶоԼռʽҪ챻ˡ
ڶʽѾ޵񹦣ʩչȹ칦ˡ
ԣҶǳڴʽΪһʽǳĿֲȫֻ֮¡
ϾԼ似ʵսֲס
ֻأǿҲֻ𴴳ģġ
ҶʩչֻصԶҲȲֻʩչǲࡣ
ѧϰ˵ģԶ볬ԽˣֻдԼ似ܷӳǿ
еһ˿˿Ҷͬһ㣬ʱ䳤֮Уֻʣռ
һֵҶתһһռ֮С
ͺһӣȫ˷۶ӿ˺޾Ĵ֮С
ʲôռ
ռ
еһУȫһһһǿ
棬ôô嫣ʵһ塣
ռǽеĵһ𣬼һԭʼǿĵ
ľ磬Ҷ챾Ҫܾòܴﵽλ񾳽İ֮£о粻Զˡ
ʱڲ֪š
һ¡¡¡
Ҷһ춼ڸоԼռøǿǵʽҲģͣ۳
еĸԽԽ࡭
ڣڵʮһʱҶ͵۾һ˫񣬻쵶˺Ѳ񷣬иգǰ
ˡ
أ
³˹ͽһҶ˫ɫǸоԼ궼ڲ
ϾʱҶ컹ӵλľ磬ռøǿɺܴѹȸС
Ҷ˿ûô࣬վƴǰ
ǹӴ˳ƱһɺޱȵĿֲչֿա
䣡
ɲǼ䣬һֲĹҶϱֱ졣
ն󺣶ڶռһ顣
ǿֲһЯŻһеƲ񷣬˺㣬һһǰƣֱ񷡣
ʱ³˹Χ綼ˣǽһƬ硣
ղǸ磬ıҶһˡ
̫ˣˣղһԿشڵǿˣ֪ʲô֣³˹̾
ҶʱҲһƣ³˹Ļʱ˼
Ǹոմռʽû֡
˵ʵղҲһסˣһ칦ԼĹ칦ʩչֻػҪǿһݡ
ͽС١ɣҶ漴˵
٣вĽѣԽ١


1072 ͬһս
١֮ҶԼڵʵԺλһսˣҲܡ
λԲ磬ôͿԽλλܿˡ
ҵʵһ񾳽֮󣬿սֱλ񣬿ˡҶ찵뵽
Ȼ񾳽ջܴ󣬵ҶȴǿпסԼĵĳ嶯Ϊ֪ΪλҲǾĶ֡
סˣοһλ
ûʱ֮֮ǰԲܽ񾳽硣
ڣ𻹲֪Ѿָ˼䣬óʱ䣬ҵһ˻ʣʱ֮ǡҶг˼
ʱҶܣѾããһƬˣһƬãĴء
ڲԶĴϣһӰ˫֣ɫͷ趯Ŀ⣬·͸ʱռ䡣
֮
֮ǰԺУҶ֮ݣԶʱϳˡ
ǰҶæ˹ȥһ
µһͶӰܻҴƽͨһء֮Ҷ죬˵
ܣƽ
ôܰ
Ҷе֮λôܻ֮ƽҲܰõ
Ҷ֪ܿԼˣǰֻ֮λ۷徳磬λ񾳽硣
ˣҪͬһսҶȻ
Ȼ֮ڿǵսͬ׵֮Ҳ޷ƽĻôûʸ֮ĴС
ܺãҲ뿴λ۷徳жôҶжʱսⱬһ̤ӾѾ֮ǰӶ˻ȭݺݵغȥ
䣡
֮ɫδ䣬Ҳȭӭȥֲȭᴩأޱߵܣ棬һȭʹ硣
һ̣Ҷо˷һоʧˣǰֻʣ֮ӰһӰ˭Ҳܺ
Ǵ˵еȭҶʩչϧԶԶȲ֮Լʩչ
䣡
Ҷʥ屬˼£ǳҵĽɫѪͬνһ㣬죬һɳʢ棬֮ȥ
֮ս˼£ҪסҶһȭϧǱҶ˿ˡ
Ȼ֮ûзһȭҲҶɳȥ
̫֮ƣڱ˵ͬʱҶĳһ̫֮ƣµӡҵĽ⣬ǿա
ԶԶȥ·һֻɫľƣӺڰ֮գա
ǹɺ嫵֮йʣǺӾֲ̣ĺû档
֮ɫ΢΢ݣգϥ˫ֿӡһҵĽɫԣų
һ޴Ľɫӣ˳һ̫֮ƺȻײȥ

һ죬գƥ͸ռ䣬̫֮ơ
Ҷƺһɳȥɢһ˿ɫѪ
֮ȷȻֻλ۷徳磬սȻһҲλԲǿ߲١
Ҷ첢ϲľ棬˺ʱ䣬ڱռ
䣡
һ̣һɿµĵ⣬ҶΪģ˷ϯ
ƥĵ캳أƹͨ棬ϵĻ磬һɿµܣˮһʿ
ĵ
֮ɫڱˣĿг֮ɫ
Ϊ죬ʲôûмֻֿµĵȴǵһο
ȻɵûǿսĵزǴ嫵ĵ֮Уһ˿־Ǳ
ʣһҶ쳹ĵôǾ޵С
ǰռһʽһԡҶȵ
˵գͿʼʩչһʽռ򵶹һ
ʱҵĵâҶ俪ء
ţЩâֻ۳һ壬Ϊһ쵶ֱ֮ȥ
ȭ
֮ȣһȭӭȥǿֲȭ⣬һУ쵶Ӳغˡ
ڶʽأ֮΢΢̾һ䣬Ŀеڴǿˡ
޼᲻ݣҶ˶һ񵶣˺Ѳ񷣬նأһ֮
֮ȭֵһΣǳҵĵâȴǳԣ˵ȭͷȭһµѪۡ
֮ʱһ漴޵ܺã
һĻҪñ֪һ𺳲ѵġ
֮Ǻεǿߣܹ˵һ䡰ѾԺ䶯ʱȣοڻ˵һ䡰ܺá
ǵһ֮޵š
ǰڸղһأҵõǰµɫռĵʽ
Ҷһɳ죬ռ䡣
֮ɫ΢΢һ䣬ڶʽѾܹ˵ˣʽ϶ӵĿ¡
£Ҳ߶֮壬ɢҵԣһ̫â䣬ء
ǰСˣһʽ١
Ҷһһɿµĵ⣬ϯǿֲ֮ӿҶƵ֮
һ̣֮ͫһеëһһǰδеΣУ
֮ʱףԼԵסһ
Ϊ죬޵еǿߣȻʹ˰֡
ǳã㣬ҲĿˡ֮ͻȻЦˣ˷ܵĴһΪһɳҵ̫ӭƥľ񵶡
䣡
ٲĽѣƥĵ棬ʱ˺֮ķնƬµ֮ѪҲˡ
ΧأһƬƬ鿪ƥء
ֲ̫ˣ
Զ³˹۾ɵϴš
һԵĽҲڲ
ֲһǰ֮նˣοǡ
һͬ磬Ѿû˿Դˡ
Ҷһƣ˷ܺͼ޵еľУԼģԼľС
ϧǣռҪԼ޷ڸˡ
ܹռܹЩдЩֻҶԼ
ԺЩҶҺ;칬ѧԺϣܹռҶ찵뵽
֪Լվһ죬뿪ݴ½ǰӺ嫵ġ
ʱ䣬ѾԶˡ
ֻҪͺڰôݴ½ͿԳװȫˣʱӭĽǸӹ硣
ˣ쿴ͨͻȻ³˹ָǰ澪ϲ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻǰԶ֮ٷĵطһ״֪ͨͨ
֪һʲô
Ҷ΢΢˼漴³˹ͽһ̤գͨ
һ̣ҶܵһǿȻԵֵȴûֵƾ˽ȥ
Ҷ죡
Ҷ죡
һȥҶ˼Ϥ


1073 
һ㳡ǳ߼ʡ
ڲԶУżϤӰֱа֮ӡս޼޳ˡ
ҶԼǾˡ
Ȼ˶̭ˡ
ҲԣЩ콾ӵǿʵţ޳ռ⣬ôͬ׻֮ƽҲ첻
ԣЩվҶ첢û˿ȣֻǳǵ˵ͷ
Ҷͷֽ޳˵Ϊһ㣬֮ǰ޳ֻλڣھѾλˡ
ս޼Ҳﵽλڣа֮ӾȻﵽλ۷壬Ҷڵľһ
ȻλԲ磬Ҷ֪϶Ҳõʲô
Щ̭ˣ϶ҲڸղһصõһЩ
Ȼ֮ôģҪΪһЩǿߣǿﵽ񾳽硣
ҶͨصˣһΪ֮ļ̳ߣõ֮ĴС
ڳˣ˭Ǿ콾츳ǳ£ȫʸΪ֮ļ̳ߡ
ھͿ֮׼ôѡˡ
ˣ֪һʲô𣿡Ҷ쿴а֮ӵˣʵ
а֮ҡҡͷû˵
ս޼˵㳡ϣʲôûУǶѾˣֻûоˡ
֮ûôģ϶ʲôˡ޳˵
ҾӦǷֳһʤսȻǿ߳Ϊ֮Ĵߡ˵
۾ʱһУóҶа֮ӵ˶ʶҪĻ϶ܵЩ˵ֶԸƲ
ⲻŵĻս޼޳һЦ
а֮Ӵʱȴ˵֮ҴߣҪĲսǿʡǵʶˣھͿ˭ʺϼ̳֮Ĵˡ
ѾõĴУں֮ĴУֻҪҵõһЩΪˡս޼˵
ҲҪҵһС޳Ҳ˵
ȱٵΪһ˿񴫳УһռҪ֮Ĵˡ
ҶҲа֮ӿҲˡ
ֻе
¡¡
Ȼز𶯡
Ҷ˶ʱһ漴ǿ㳡ϵĵ涼¶һµѷ죬֩һ㣬𽥳˷ӳȥ
Щʯ嶼˹ܵҲ˷¶һĨҵĽɫâ
䣡
Ҷ𺳵ĿУһɫĹӵ˳
ɣڵ°ղžӦþߣս޼ɴ۾
ҶǰɫһӣӦ֮סĵط
о棡
ȥ
˵򹬵
ӹս޼һ֮壬Ͷһȭȥ
ͬʱ޳·Լˣҵһ
ټһһЦҲųֹ
ǳƣŭӣʱһǳ֮屬ҫ۵ĹâǳźȻײ
Ȼս޼˶Ǿ콾ȻΪֻλڣʵѾԽλ۷壬ƽλԲˡ
ս޼һȭǳĿͺͰֱӺ˿ռ䣬˲񷡣
޳һǳâ¶ڳ˶е𺳡ǹɺ嫵Ľ⣬˶ܵһѹơ
Ľ
а֮Ӿ̾ʶ޳Ҳкܳʱˣû뵽޳ĽȻﵽ־硣
ռµĽҶ͵Ŀгء
ѾﵽλڵĽ޳һλԲģΪĹһǿһռ
ռһ𣿡а֮۾һУƺʲôʲôռ֮Ҳпܡ
;ͬ飡Ҷ˵ͷ
䣡
ʱǰսѾֳʤˣܵ˵ΧϾﵽλԲ磬츳ҲЩ֮£վӮˡ
ս޼޳ǳƸɳȥ
а֮Ӽ״ʱбƥħ⣬߸߳ɢƥħȵҲһ
˵գ˾ħһֱ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ڳ˵УɵҶ죬Ȼа֮ӡ
Ϊа֮ӵΪҶһﵽλ۷徳磬ȻûҶֿµ츳ȴаľħ
һΧħֹܵĹħˣΧһƬڰ
еƺڰĻһ
ɱ
۳ǳ񽣣а֮ӵľħӭײʱһɿֲನ
ս޼޳˶ҽӽ
ֻҶһްû赲һ˽ɫ
а֮Ӽ״׷װ֣Ҳ˹
ǰ׳ˡս޼һƣ漴Ʋ½޳͵ٳ򹬵
ɣŭ
ϰˣ޳ҡҡͷ
˽빬֮󣬶ʱľˡ
ֻɫĹ棬ŸڰУÿһ棬һƷеĵرָۻҡ
ô౦ﰡս޼һֱ̽ǰһţȴıˡ
ǳơ
ûõģЩﶼ֮־סˣ־սܵõıҶ͵
˵գҶЩһһ۲
࣬ҲҪǺʲУô࣬һҲ޷ȫõȻõȶȡ
Ҳǰ׳գ׷Ѱ
һս޼ˣȻҵԼı
˻һâǰĹ֮УҶǿԴ濴õʱս޼͵ںһ֮ķս
ţ
а֮Ŀ΢΢һ漴Ҳһ棬Ȼǿʲô
޳״ҲЩżˣѰ
û뵽ʱȻһλµĽǿߣ޳ͻȻЦһҲųһ֮С
Ҷɨ˹ȥ΢΢һΪһλʱǿµĽĵãλǿ߻һλλѹֽ޳ô˷ܡ
ãҲţʲô
ֻ֮ʣҶһˣҲЩżˣѸɨ
ף
ͻȻҶ췢һȤı
һŵͼǱҶ˵ȴͬ
ڰԨĲֵͼҶйâʢʱͻΪһâ˽ȥ
ĵͼ֮ǰǰڰԨռ汾Դʱ˳¼һЩͼͻ
ʣŵͼҶԺȥڰԨܱܶΣյĵطˡ
Ҷ˵ǳҪϾǱҪǰڰԨģΪһ˻ʾںڰԨ
ܵһ˻Ƿ˺ڰԨǱںڰԨҶ춼ҪȥһˣҪˣҪʬ


1074 е
־֮սһֺսսʤ˺壬ʧˣԼɲĥ˺
Ҷ졢а֮Щ콾ǣ϶һ·޵Уٻսܵľǵ޵У־ǿĿ¡
ʧһΣ־ͻǵ޵֮Ķܵ
֮Ȼ˺ǣÿ־ǺǿҶ˵ʵܽܣֻǻѵʱ䲻ͬѡ
УҶ컨ѵʱ̣ͬ׶ܻ֮Ȼⳡ־֮սܿͻ֮־õŵͼȻ˳
ȵҶֳڹڵʱ˻ûһ˳Ȼٶ̫ˡ
Ҷûж룬æ򿪵ͼһʶͼʶ̽˽ȥʱһӴϢԺйһӴĵͼ
ǺڰԨ𣿡
Ҷ쾪ˡ
Ӵĵͼϣĺ㣬Ƶ㣬ֻ֮һ̵㡣
֮עˣЩ㶼ǼΣյĵطλȥǾһЩƵ㣬ҲǷǳΣգûдﵽ񾳽磬ȥ֮ɡ
Щ̵㣬ǴȫְȫҲԶԵģ񼶱ǿ˵ġ
֮һ仰û񼶱ʵǸܽڰԨû߶ñ֮ء
λʵҽλԲ磬ӦǿӽλʵҶ찵뵽
Ȼʵǹˣһͼǽٷ֮ʮŵĺ㣬оһƬ⡣
Щ̫ˣǾأֱ˾
ѹÿκڰ۹صʱ򣬶ҪϢܳʱ䣬ǵ·ϣʧ˺ܶɡ
˵ûƬΣյĵطºڰʹʱˡ
ĲãҲΪԤе˽ݴ½ġ
̫ˣҵĽǿһˣͻȻһϤҶС
Ҷתͷȥǽ޳ˣɵ΢΢ݣû뵽֮УȻǽ޳־ǿ
ܸռйأǿĽǿߣ־ͨǳ¡
νһ磬һء
ߵķâ޿ƥС
ջС𣡡ҶЦ˵
޳Ҷ죬ûоȣҶս֪ҶĿֲ־ҶҲռ
û뵽λʱĽǿߣȻĴУֻҪһЩʱ䣬ܽĽҵռˡ޳漴˷ܵ
һãҲûʲôǿµĴСҶ˵գʼΧѰ
޳ҲʼѰңıܶ࣬õȴ࣬ԱøϽѰҵ
Ͼﻹˣһء
ú󣬽޳ҵһλµĽУҲûзŹٴʧС
ǰ߶ϲý
Ҷһ̾
˰ٱ֮Թýǿ߾ͷǳࡣõߣȻܶ࣬еȴǳϡ١
ΪᣬԾͨ
ݴ½һ仰ʮ꽣굶һǹ
ǹϤҲʹõ˵ݴ½ϵߣԹаٷ֮ʮ϶ʹġ
ʮ꽣˵ʮԵңԾͨ
굶˵õͻˣҪͨȴҪԺ츳ˡ
ǹģȴѧģ㷲УҲ֪̺ɨҪǹͨһõ
Ҷ֪ǿ֮Уûһ񼶱ǿǹģֻмóì
ҶõϽǹҲ㲻ϾͨÿʩչϽǹԴΪȫͻԼǿ㲻ʲôǹԡ
ףռʯͻȻҶ쾪һһϤʯ
ǿռʯ̺ſռ£ҶҲ룬˽ȥ
Ҫ֪ҶĿռ֮ڹؼʱ̣ǿǱĵƣҲɱеĵơĿռ䷨ÿֻʩչΣֻʩչһΣԺܹɵг
ռʯô´֮󣬾ϻָռ
ڸ˼ʩչռ֮Ļᣬֵ޷˵ֱһ
ռʯȻǳ֮־ǳǿ󣬼Ҷ죬Ҳķʱ䣬Žܡ
Ҷʱ򣬷а֮ӡս޼˶ˣڼѰһĿꡣ
ûô౦һЩ񼶱ǿߵĴУΪζû֮ĴУս޼ͻȻü˵
ʵ⣬Ҷͷˡ
ֻһֱѰʺԼıʱûжˡ
ʱս޼Ҷ첻ɵõ˵ͷ˵ҾӦûһزŶԣȡеıȻһصĿ顣
˾еǼѰұ
ҶҲѰң֮ҵڰʯⶫͬдã԰ָ޸ơ
ԺҪڰԨܲˣһЩͻָƵıСҶ찵뵽
úҵ˼񵤣ǷǳĵҩãȻ֮ء
Ҷ죬쿴ˣ
ΣҶոõ񵤳Ա߲Զս޼ľ
Ҷ̧ͷȥս޼а֮ӡ޳Χ
ôҶɻ
ս޼ָǰһţ˵ǰҿȥˣȴˡ
£Ҷʱȵؿ˹ȥյģûеҲûб
֮µ־õ˱ҲûгˣһƾʧˡһԵĽ޳˵
ʱպòųս޼ĺ㿴˾һĻ
ʧʧʱʲô飿Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ʵ
а֮Ӻԣйâһ붨š
ս޼ͽ޳Ҳǰ׳գ˲ҶĻ֮ս޼𾪵ò˵õ֮Ͽɣ֮Ĵȥˣ
ôһ˵ҵʱڷֵʧʱеȷǴſϲ֮ɫ޳˵
ȡñʱһδκ֮־սѾ֮ǵָˣѡ˵Ҷ˵
ս޼ǳ𾪣ɻûСȻ츳ҲȲҶ㣬ʵҲ֮ǿģô֮Ϳأ
ҶЦ֮ѡߣɣδǿ츳ʵ
û뵽ȻСӡս޼Ƶ˵
עģǿ󡣡޳ЦЦȥһѰұˣûָõ֮ĴС
ҶҲûио˿ʧֻа֮ӺЩģǱϣõ֮ĴУʵġ
ϧα˵ˡ
Ǽλ콾֮Уҫ۵ģЩ͵û뵽õ֮


1075 ڰ
֪֮У˶Щʣ漴ʰ飬ʼѹı
ȻûˣôЩ㵱ɡ
˲ٶԣһһ⿪ʼ֮µ־ȡ֮еı
ʱһһš
ʱңԶĺڰԨһ׵ĵ¹֮Уһߺɫаɢŵ·ڵѣһɺ嫡ϡϵڰԨɢ
¡¡
¹ڲ·ܲɿֲΧķ򶼱ɢ
һƬء
ǺڰϢ
ڰҪˣ
꣡
һȵĻͬˮһ㣬ͻȻ˷ϯ
ȥһƬãĴϣһ߾߰׹ս˻Ƶϯ˷
Զһں֮еЦںҹ֮Уǿն۾˸ĵĹԵøɭͿֲ
һͷͷħ֮дǾ޴壬·أÿһκХ캳ء
޴غƵ·ǺӾ̣û档
һٶʮˣҪ𣿡
һӲԶʣһȻ
徧Ө͸ɢűϢһ˫ˮɫ۾ɭɭĹâ˺˲񷡣
Ǻ
Զһ
ͷǳ޴ͬһѩˣ֮ѩƮɢˡ
˶ܵ˼µĺ䣬·𶳽̲꣬ס˸
ˣֿԹ۹أ̳ЩˡһɭֲӲԶ֮д
漴ѿһ϶߳һˡ
ͬЩһֻһۣ·û壬ֻкɫڷɢһɻаħϢ
ЩΨһͬǣ˴һʹڣֳһȨȣɢһɿֲѹ
ʣ
꣡
꣡
һЩǶʱſڵϣ˹ݣȡ
ֳаħȨȣɢһɹɿֲ̤ն뺮¹
¡¡
Զغ
һ޴Ľɫãһɫħ޾ĺ֮ÿһ̤ضһ֣ǿֲϢ˷ӿ·˸о˵Ϣ
𣡡
뺮һǺڰĴս֮һһݴ½档
ҵħѾˣ壬ٺ٣
ɭЦţҲ˵¹
ĵ¹֮УǾߺɫа˿Ѿ޾ĺֳ֮ɢſֲ˷Űȥ˸еһɽĿֲ
ǿʡǣҲѣ˺ôһ򣬲߽˺ڰĹ֮С
ǻսսؿǾΰĺɫа
ѾǵһοˣÿһοǴ֮һɳС
ˣǾߺɫа͵۾촽һȺϵ¶ȻҪ͵öࡣ
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һҪõʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾ԴֻˣҲԪĩڣΪס
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һų˺ܶ࣬ϧǵʱ̫ˣֻһлڴսǰ̤񾳽硣
ʱ츳λʵǿ岻ս
Ҷʱ䣬̫ˣ´ﲻս


Ҷ졢а֮ӡս޼޳ˣѾ׽ڵıȡˣÿ˵϶ЦݣȻջܴ
Ҳ֪Сôˣս޼Ȼ˵
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ս޼һβǵ
Ҷ˶ʱһ
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ʱĵѾλڣֱӿԽλ۷壬ﵽλԲ磬һΪ
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ϧֻλڵʵһβҷɳȥѪ硣
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ٺ١ȭûжԸս޼һȭ
ǳƣҴ⣬ȫ߶ǳ֮壬һӭȥǳױ֮вϵغը
һȭƲ񷣬˷·ʱ䳤֮У㲻
˶ƴһУȴǲʤͬʱ˳ȥ


1076 д
أʵսһΪȻﵽλԲ磬ڳλ콾׷׶ݡ
˺󣬵һȭͻս޼һȭƽ֣ǿƣһɡ
ˣΪ۸ӡս޼ֲս壬ҵĹâܵնڷڡ
һӱ÷ǳߴͬһصľˣӶǾ޴ȭͷŵȥ
Ϊ̫ˣڸҵĶ֡ЦʲôҲûֻ֮У˾ͷ·ֹˡ
䣡ս޼Ŀȭݺݵغȴһ̣ܵһҲ޷ǰ벽·̶
һ㲻䣡˫ⱬܵն·𱻽סˣʱ䳤֮У㲻
ôܣ
֮壡

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Ǿ콾ʲô֮¶ʱҲɵ𺳲ѡ
Ȼӵǿʣ֮Ĵ𣿡Ҷⱬ䣬Ҳǳ𾪡
ӵ壬һ֮壬һ˱ռʮǿе֣̫˼ˡ
Ҷ֪ʮǿʣͬʱӵУ벻׵ôӵ֡
ѵ֮ʲôֶΣӶ
а֮ӡ޳Ҳ𾪲ѡ
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ڵӵ֣֪ԺĳɾͣԲ
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޳ЦһЦҲ̽һµʵһɳ죬ʩչռŵնɱȥ
˫ⱬֱ̾޵еĽͬΪҲסһϧڲС
˵գȻƾ޳ǿֲһն¡
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ȭŸոգҪĥһʱСа֮漴˳ڵĿ⣬ɢһɿֲħԡ
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һа֮û˿η壬սȫгһɢźɫħľħǰֱȥ
һ̣ħ֮峹ױɫħӰƶնƲ񷡣
һ˫ڵħ·̫žħֲۣħ⣬ᴩ񷣬˺ء
䣡
۷һ캳أǿնڲ
ֻа֮ǿֲһİ嶼նˣȭҲа֮ӣֻа֮ӵ϶ѷ죬ȻҪˡ
һսνܾˣʤ
õܲģܹа֮Ӵƽ֣Ҳ㶪ˣɫÿˡ
˿ٻָ壬ȴûмսˡ
ս޼ָһԵҶ죬Цˣλ㻹ûսأԿǺڴأ
а֮ӡ޳ԣ˵Ҳ֪Ҷʵ
ֻǣҡҡͷ˵ҲĶ֡
ǰɣСʲôʱôǫˡս޼֮ɫ
ߵҿ֮ͬһսһǳ£ֻػҪ
Զʱ𾪡


1077 ޵һ
һ
ս޼ȵؿҶ죬˵Ҷ죬ʲôµľУ
ûʲôֻǴռĵʽҶ쵭һЦ漴ʵô֮һս
㵱ʱ֮һս֮¼ˣ֮ǰҹۿһ顣˵գг̾õ֮ĴУǿҶǿֲһҲҶˡ
һͬħһ㣬ԺУ޷ĥ
ս޼˶ǳ𾪣ʵղѾˣڳֻа֮ӺԿ⡣
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ҶһĿ¡
ʲôһһԡɵÿҶ죬гս⣬޾ǹ⽫֣Щ貣ҫ۶Ŀ
Ҳһԣа֮Ҳǻսⱬڵ˫ħضҶ졣
ҡͷȰǻǲҪ̽һӳħ̫ˡ
һ˵а֮Ӻеս͸Ũˣ˶Ҷ졣
ĺڴҶ죬ôս޼˷ܵ
ʽ޳𶯲ѣг˲ţǷǳҶռĿֲ
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ֻأҶһʩչֻأſµĹ칦רſа֮ӵ٣ֱӽа֮ɳȥ
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а֮ӵľ֮⣬ʱͱɿֲĵˣеľħڲ·ҪҶ쳼ȥ
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а֮ӵɫЩѿѾҶֻؿסˣԼľħҲҶռסˣעҪҶ
ħ䣡а֮Ӳģŭ𣬳ɢ趯һɿֲħû񷡣
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а֮Ĺ˼ɣҪսҶ죬ðűشΣա
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ͫҪˣȴо˷ǵâǿֲ·ռɱݺݵغ֮ϡ
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Ҫ֪λԲʵսԿλ񰡣ȻҶһش
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̬ͬһʱǵˣҲǵıս޼̾
ˣΪһĿ꣬һǿĶ֣Բϵؼǰ
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ռ֮ԭô£ֻҪʱ䣬Ҳܹռڶʽʽǵʽ޳г˼ҶһԼռĿ£Լδš
Ҽȫں֮ĴУҲĶ֣ռǿµĵҲ̾
а֮ӳĬֻеսⲢûм˵µĲж֣ûж֡
ҶһǿоͳԴԴĶ̼øǿ
Ҳˣ壬ĿеսⲢûм
Ҷһһھ콾ǵĴ̼̫ˣҪܳʱָܻ߳һӰ
ţˡ
Ȼüͷһ壬˵
Ƕ۹ôˣս޼ʱɻ
˵Ѿƿղҷһ棬е졭Ѫ
֮УģѪģ
ҶʱһѪŻص۹زãôˣѵǷʲô飿


1078 
ѪͻȻҶˣжʱһɲõԤС
ڳļ˶Ǿ콾ʵҲվǿߵ۷壬Ҷ졢а֮ӡˡ
Ǻ֮ǰ͵õϢ˵ڰҪˣ˿̽ѪͻȻⲻò뵽顣
ǳȥҶⱬ˵ǳأΪֿԺܴ
Ҫ֪Ѫ񰡣۷ǿߣ֧Ҫ۹ء
ǣΪıݣȴҲֻһλλ򣬶û
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ֻһЩС飬һλˡ
ϴΣѪĵΪҶ츳ʵ̫ˣںѹֻ̫һ죬һš
ţһɳǾԻΪĵ죬֧δĴսоԵİ
ԣ۹ǴβɳѪλģΪǺɳͼ飬ʹ鷢ʧ󣬴ӶʧȥҶλš
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£˵Ŀ⣬۵ѪϣҲˡ
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ڰ񡭡ˣ
ĩ𣿡
һ֮սǻܹȡʤ𣿡
ʤˣҲʧأڳˣҪٷ֮ʮ

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ЩϱǿǣΪǴδս򶨺ֻܶ࣬дһ˿ͽšǣ˿ֻźͽ֮У·ĩ١
ЩǣҲһ顣
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ʹΣ
ߣأ
ܹ񣬶Ǿĥڳһ־ǿ֮ҽѪƲǣҲݴ½ЩƲǡ

Ѫĺǿ֮Уһġ
˶ͷ˵
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ѪΣɵÿˣʵأ
ʱܹ񾳽磬ʱʵ῰λȻڴս֮𲻵ԵãҲܹΪ۹طֵһЩѹ˵
ԶſڣҪ˵Щʲôȴ̾˿û˵
Ҷüͷһǰʲôˣǳôͳ˺޹˼ɵǰ۹أоͳ׷ЩԹ
ǰǰССԹ÷¡
ǰҵõ֮ĴУҪ˶Ҳܽ񾳽硣ҳƿʱһЩǿߣսĻԻ͡Ҳ˵
а֮ӡ޳ս޼Ҳʾǰ۹أЩ콾ǣһ̶û˿
ýѪеޱȵοֻҪЩδ־ûжҡûк£ôԶᱻڰܡ


1079 ټ
ڰѵϢܿ촫ʱȣʱһƬڵĻȻ
˵飬ܵһ̩ɽѹϢУǷǳһս٣Ǻܶ˶䡣
·ӣֻѡӭսΪһڰ۹أҪݴ½ҲҪ
һ֮սǺˡ
λϵ飬ȫǼϣ׼ǰ۹أ
һ죬Ѫʱȡ
ʱλϵǿߣ˷ǻϡ
Ҷһھ콾һֱڽѪԱߣǿߴ˷
ǲ֪ǷСĳЩˡڰУԸȥ۹ƴ
ΪȫƾԸģֻҪһĵǿߣһصǿߣͻǡ
Ҷ죬ڵʵĿλ𣿡ǵĳǽϣѪԱߵҶ죬ѯʵ
͵õϢ
͵λԲΪʱǱչأ׼񾳽硣
ֻа֮ӡ޳ս޼Ҷĸ콾ΪʱҪչأԸڽѪԱߡ
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1082 
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ѪǵϢǳϸЩ֮󣬶һ𾪣۷׷ס
ս޼޳а֮Щ콾ǣҲأеǳ֡
Ѫؿţûж˵ΪڰĴȷǳǿΪڴڰԨ;࣬޷ֵ
ǰЩڰǿѵսô꣬ûзǵ𣿡ս޼Ȼʵ
һԣʱ۾һ
ҲЩڰû㣬Ļͱˡ
£˶˽Ѫ
ȻҲЩ㣬ЩѵʱȻǿ߸ǡѪЦ˵
ǰ˵˵¡һߴٵҲڴؿѪ
ѪΣֻܿ˵Ҿͼ򵥵˵°ɣ˵ղᵽħʦȻǿ󣬵ǵǳСֻҪǿǣ׾ͿԻɱǣؼǱĻֻжԶܶԶ
ǿħʦʡ


1083 
ѩȻʵǿ󣬵»û似ǵ˺мӳá
ħǳǿ󣬼û㣬٣ȫΧɱǡ
Ǿ񹥻עػսꡭ
ѪԼЩõľ飬һһǰľ콾ǣ˶ţջܴ
Ҷа̾ЩǽѪںͺڰһδƴɱ֮Уս飬ǳ
ڳ;콾ʵھͬףǻҲˣǳѸ١
ʵЩս飬ǵִ۹غ󣬲μӼѵʱȻǿרŸǡң۹ػһЩǿЩڰսӰ񣬵ʱǿԹۿЩڰص㡣Ѫ˵
Ҷʱ۾һæʵǰͺڰսӰ𣿡
ôһʣҲԱ߼λ콾һĺģɵýǿѪ
ѪҡҡͷЦͺڰʵ̫ǿˣҪ¼ǵսӰѣʦͷʦҲֻλ۷徳磬ǿ¼λ񼶱սλ񼶱ս޷¼
˷ǳص˵ͷʦͷʦʵһǿΪǰʱ䶼о󷨺ͷˡ
ڵļλ󷨷ĳɾ͸ߵˣǲõ󷨣ܹǣʱռˡ
ǵΪȴûһܹﵽ񾳽ģⶼΪǵʱ䶼о棬
Щһ֮޾Ԫûһģȫʱ䶼о󷨺ͷˣֱһȺӡ
Ⱥȴıо󷨺ͷģǿ岻ʵĹͺܴ
䣡
ڽѪҶǽսʱ򣬽ɫһҵԣ޾ǿ֮Уʱȵĺ󷽱ȥ
£Ǳ֮ͨأһƬС
¡¡
һſž޴ʯųҵĹâϵش˷
ʱѣ񾪺ѡ
ѪվȵҪţѾ뿪ħսڰԨˡ
ڰԨ
ĸһ񣬶ʱˡ
˵ϣء
ڵִڰԨˣҪ˶ãǱִܵ۹ء
սҲͼʼˡ

ֶǰһʱһ޴ˮ֣ؿ龰
λ콾һǣͷۿ
ǿ֮УʯǺ滹Ҫ࣬Ҫ޴󡣶ңﲻʱسֿռ籩ڵŰš
ǿ󷨻֣ѾЩռ籩ˡ
µһĻһЩǸеѣǾ棬ͱɱˡ
ѹÿκڰϮڰ·ϾͻʧܴڲŸոսڰԨѾô£滹ˡ
Ļʵ̫ˣλУֱӻᱻλֵҲ̫ɡս޼˵
ѹֽѪֻλϵ۹أʵڰԨеĻ̫ˣλˣΧĻֵˣ̸ɱˡ
Ҳеĵطôӣ۹ڵĵ򣬱ǷǳȫѪ˵
˵ˣǵִ۹صʱ򣬻ÿ˷һս׺Щõʦͷʦɵģǳǿ󡣡
ŶʲôսףǿǶսһλѯԱߵһλϱλ
ϱλҡͷЩսֻսʱʹãһغ󷽣ð۹ء
Щսɱ˵ģǶԸԼ˵ģһ뿪۹أͻᱻûաѪ˵
˶˵ͷȻЩս׿϶ǿ󣬲Ȼ۹Ҳֱûˡ
ǰҲ𣿡ս޼Ѫʵ
Ѫʱâţһɫս׻֣ҵĹâ̵۾
ͬʱһǿϢΧŰѹ˶Щ
ͬʱѪлһɫսôԵ÷ǳ
ǿµĵ⣬ϱΧնڲ˵궼
ǿ
Ҷ۾һ֮ɫ
Ѫλ۷ǿߣڴɫս׺ɫս֮ʵʱﵽλĲΣȫԺһλλһϳˡ
һʱ֪
λ콾һǣʱ˫ȡ
䣡
Ѫܿս׺սΧӴѹҲʧˣ˲ɵ˿оܶˡ
۹صս׷Ϊ߸𣬰ɫӦֱǳȻϣͬļ𣬶Ӧͬȼս׺Ѫ˵
ǰô˵ҵʱõɫսˣЩϲʵ
Ѫҡҡͷõʱһʧ
󣬽Ѫ˵Ǿ콾δɫս׵ģһ
˻һ˵ս޼а֮ӵ˶ǳ˷ܡ
Ҫ֪ʱѾûʱǼˣʱս׺ʵǾٺòˡ
ңǸղҲʶɫս׺ɫսˣǾı
ɫɫ𣬿±֮а֮ӵľħҲ˶ˣϾǸսףܲ
ǰأһ׷׽еȻȲϾ콾ǣҲһ츳ˡ
ѪЦǻõΪһεս׺
һǶʱ¶Цݡ
ΧЩͨǣĽˣҲ۹صǿΪ˱Щš
Ͼ۹֮Կһδδ˺ڰ񣬿ĲЩߣЩ񼶱ǿߡ
˼꣬ʮ꣬޷񾳽磬˵ǵ츳С
ЩǲͬǶǸʱ֮ӣгΪ츳ǱǷǳֵĶ
Ǽλ콾ɶǱǿߵδģΪֻһ죬Ƕİǳ޴ܹ𵽾Եá
찡ʲô
ڴʱͻȻһ˵ע⡣
˻ͷǾ޴ˮʱڲԶǰһɫľ޴һܵʯĹ
Ѫ˫ʱȵǺڰս
ʲô
ԣʱһ󾪺
û뵽ûִ۹أ˺ڰĴ⡭ѵҪȫû
Ѫ˻ŵףɵٴκȵصģսӦĳ󷨣͵ǿǵսѾݻ˴룬ʵ̫ǿ
쿴ˣһ
˶ʱҺɫսתȫٷӣƺǳη
ڰսô꣬Ҳǳ˽⣬ǿ϶ϳ죬٣׷ǡѪȵ


1084 ս

ܣ⵽ʲôطô
֣֮ѾһεĴսбڰɱ𣿡
֮Ȼˣڣôֲսݣ϶򣬸Ͻ٣

ɫսǰȫǰ
սϲʱش˵Ļݴ½ԣͨԡ
һսµһ֧飬Ϊ׵һλ񼶱ľǿߡ
Ϊλλ񼶱ǿ߱սڿռ籩֮еҴʧ˷䵽˴˵ء
ǳɺϵ
һεĴս֮У֮ԦǼֱ޵Уڰնɱˣ¾ҲҪܡ
ԣԶʱŽŲѡ
սݣ϶򣬸޷⡣λͷ󺹣Ȼûкˮ£һѾˡ
Ϊǳ죬ǾԻȫûߡ
Ȼսӣ
֮УѪȫܵĺɫսɵһ㶡
漴Цڰľͷǳϸһ㲻ֲܳսӵǵ̫ǿ󡣺Ȼսûλ񣬾ԲǵĶ֡
𣿡
վֻӣƥĳ⣬Щڰã֡
λֻҪλ񼶱ǿߣаһս
˰Ǿ콾ս񷡣
ʲôѵȲʵսЩһ̫ʱˡս޼ҲЦվս졣
а֮Ӻͽ޳Ȼû˵Ҳվһսⱬ
ãһսͽǼ콾һˣٿ׼ԷⷢѪ˵
˵ͷȻҲȥսֻܳƿǿӦпܷ⡣
߰ɣѪ漴һ˷ɳ
Щ˲ֻ࣬ʮˣǾ콾𣬶λϵǿߣҶԽսʵǳֲ
Ͼʱš
ҶҲˣֲԣӲ忪ΧǣҺɫսȥ
Ϊռ̫ңԸ޷˲ƣֻܿС
Ҷ죬ҵһӿٶȣɫս
ò˵Ͼﵽλ񼶱ȻʵҶǿ˶٣ٶȴԶҶ죬ܿͳԽҶ죬ˣһҺɫս
ǳСӣɱˣ棡ս޼ں󷽴еҲӿٶȸ
ݣ
޳һĽ⣬ٶȱҶҲ˶٣ǳĿ졣
а֮ӡҶʥһھ콾ǣȫźɫսȥ
Ѫѹں棬ǿϢſܵգƬأͬʱҲڲ̽Χûĵˡ
ȻľҪḻĶ࣬սǳ
ҶǾͳ嶯ˣˣֱӾͳȥµ˻ˡ
ýѪҡҡͷҲ֪ЩŵԸһѷ֮Ѫգֱֻ֪ײ
ûеģЩţľӢ֧дĺڰﶼˣҲ䱻Ϊˡ
ã׷ˡɫսϣһһȺˣʱæ֪ͨ
ʶǿѾӦ׷ˣйλλɲﻹս
ֻܷԸӿٶȣúӭս
ȺҫͻȻһĺӺ󷽵ǿ֮д
ʱΧʯǳȫҵ⣬һ·˹Գźɫսȥ
ԶԶȥ·𼸰ǳҫֱǿնˡ
Ҷ찵𾪲ѡ
Լǳ֮߶˼£ͨǳʯٿǺɫս
ֿµʵɱħڳˡ
Ǿ콾һ񾳽磬ӵֿµս󷽣Ѫ־ϲ֪ԼڿҲĶˡ
Щ콾ǣһ񾳽磬ǾǱ죬޵С
¡¡ǳʯɫսǰ·סˣһȫںɫսĻ棬һıը
ףֻһӺɫս֮дȻһģ𣬶ʱΧնһȵϢ֮ӿ
СģĽ䣡Ҷѵͬʱӿٶȣɫս
¡¡
ڴʱһųҵĴ򣬷·ǳôСںɫսΧƾճ֣ЩǳʯȫˣҼź󷽵һ˺ɱ
ǳƣ
ʱѾںɫսϿգһǳƺݺݵغΧǳµǹ⣬һֻ޴ӡɫսˡ
֮ܣڳսӶеĺɫħȣΧڰӿһ޴Ķƣͬɽһ㣬ǰֵסǳƵĺ
䣡
һ˲䣬ضһͬ׺ը
е˼΢΢¶֮ɫͬʱӼٸ£һǳ۵ìУȥ
ۣǰĶ飬˶ɳȥһѪ
Ȼˣʵ
ú󷽵һ𶼷ǳ𾪣Ÿո̤񾳽磬ȻѾԻһλλˡ
ǿ˭۹صλҴʶû㡣𾪵ؿŶ˵һݴ½Ļ
ߣŲôȫʶסҵֽ±ñҡһٴһƺͬʱеìΪһ磬ȥ
䣡
ٴ۰֮ܣסǳƵĹǸìȴ˺˰֮ܣԴ
ɣħֻӡܿϿվͳһ޴Ŀռѷ죬洫һɿµϢ
䣡һֻɫľ޴ħצӿռѷ֮˳ǸìƬ
ţʱصضһռѷ졣
ֻһȻӿռѷ֮з˳ɢһɿֲϢ
һͷħһǰħʵλλ񼶱ϢҪ¡ŭһǿգܵǳʯȫˡ
ʲôȻٻһͷͬȼİħ󷽣һ𾪲ѡ
Сĵ㣬ڰֻҪʬ壬ܹܡǲͬһͻһǵ񣬱ɱǣͬʱҲܹǵʬ塣Ѫѵ
٣
ڴʱһ貵ĵâһն¡
أħһǾӴ壬Ȼһն롣ǿֲ񵶣Ǻ£ɫսݻˡ
ԶҶ˫ⱬĮ̤նһɿµĵ⣬ܵǿ֮кƵš


1085 ȫû
ʲô
űԼٻİħȻҶһ룬ʱȻ
ǵҶֻλԲΪʱ۾Ӷɳˣš
ôܣȺһﵽʲôˣôôֲоޱȣսҲһˣǵһμôֲǿߡ
أ
ʱ򣬱ҶһİħѾ壬ŭҶ죬һȵĺɫףա
䣡
ѪҶǰһֱ£ħɳȥ
תͷҶȵٻܣƿĿˮܳ
ԭˣҶȻ漴ʵĿˮ
֪ЩƻĺܣΪƻ˭֪ǰѿˮڰħδҪѰҲСѪҡͷ˵
ǰסҶ˵ĹǳֲΪϾֻλԲ磬ԷȲϽѪ
ң۳־ҲȲϽѪ
ϾҶֻƾһ٣ܷӳֲʵﵽλļ
һｻǣԸҶͽѪס˰ħʱ
ǿֲǳƣЯǳ֮ǰһƬǿն˽ȥ
Ķ֣ѹƣԵ÷ǳǱ
ڰҲˣȥɣԶս޼֮壬սȫһȭͰһλ񼶱ˡ
٣а֮Ҳɱ˹һ٣ɱʮһѣҿ
ռ޳˫ⱬ˶һ񽣣ɨգµĽâ貵ԣʮˡ
µĽâЩʳƬݺᣬâ¶
Ŷ񣡡ҶʥҲ˹һݻ̫ͼһֺŶһһ޵УûһԺ⡣
ЩҲ˹ɱһǿӡǳǣȫҫ۵Ĺâ
ôܣ
ǵ˭
Щôܱôֲ
սȻһߵռݣʱ־ֺš
óЩ;콾ǵΪǿ٣Ҷͬһεġ
ǣȴһߵľ棬Щ徹ȻԽսʲôʱôˣŶɼˣ
һƬԴҲ벻ԼɺϵһȺǿŰɡ
սҷģ֮ʣɱһУݺݵغϡ
ͣѪ϶ѷ죬ﵽ˼ޣҪŵæˣϽ롣
ȭ
Ȼ֪ʲôʱѾԶվϿգ䣬µĹâȭͷ֮ϣһȭ
ⲻǵһȭ󷨣Լӳʹһȭǿ֮ࡣ

ͱش˿ֲܵһȭʱ˶ˡ
嶼񱩵ɣһźɫһҪԶ
٣Ҷ쿴лᣬʩչ٣һ˺Ѳ񷣬ݺݵ֮ϡ
䣡񣬶ʱ飬洫һĲҽС漴ΪƬɢܡ
ռЩƬ̺һλλԷĸ֮󣬶ôܶࡣѪԶȵ
Ҷ֪ԺܿռһЩƬЩãȴԶ³˹³˹ǿܶʵġ
Ͼ³˹ҲͬһԴ׾֮ǿԼʵ
ⶫ³˹˵
һ֪͵ϮҲ˹ռƬصҶһۡ
˽ˣȴû뵽Ҷ˸ˣȻܲˬ
ٺ٣Ҷ΢΢һЦûǣռƬ
͵ҶЩƬȤȫøˣǰѪֺɱͷħ
ħʵȻҪǿһЩѪ˵Χ֮£ջǱҵ˿ˮˡ
ӴʬȴǱΪּİħһǱǵۼ׶ǳӲҶı̬һ񶼺ѹƣЩʦƳܶս׺
Щһ̫ˡ
ֱһûһ֡
ս޼ǴʱҲ˹Щȫɱˣûһܹߡ
˽ǺɫսϷˡ
Ѫʬ֮ҡҡͷص˵ǶǿţЩͨĺڰﻹҪѺܴͱǻˡ
ЩڰﻹǷǳǿģղǸȻٻһͷԼҪǿİħ࣬κҶص˵
˵ͷԺЩСǵٻЩ񼶱
ǵľ񹥻ղһЩʩչа֮˵
λ콾ϸ˸ղŵս֮󣬶ʵǳɵκεС
һΣǳ䲻⣬ʵǿŴôɡ
߰ɣЩ󷨣ȻѾ͵ڰĴ۹ҲԶˡѪ˵գһȺ˽
ٴ̣۹طȥ
ڣóɫսʼо
ѪЩǳ˽⣬ɨһۣ˵֧һλ쵼ʵǷǳǿģ󷨣˼λʧܴ󣬷һս²ôɡ
һԣʱ¡
ʱټϼλôͼѶˣóС
ͬʱǶԺڰԨĻӾηһ֧ǿĶ飬źڰĴͬУȻ·ϡ
ֿµĻҲֲ̫ˡ
ǺڰǣҪǴƬΣյشȥڰ񣬿»ûеִڰĴӪѾڰ·ˡ
ҶһݣҪڰԨģλһ֧ǿĶ飬Щ
Ҳֻλ񼶱ѣµʱһܼѡ

µʱ䣬գۼ
ʱڣƽĺܣһЩΣյĻ⣬Ҳûˡ
ϴ֧飬ȷɺϣڼʺС顣
ֵһǣڳˣΪﵽλ۷壬ӽλˡ
Ҷеǳοʵδս֮УԱĻˡ
֮⣬³˹ǼһƬ֮󣬾ȻҲͻƣﵽλڣС硣
ҶǳȣƬʣܶĻƿһֱӽ񾳽硣


1086 ս
ǳķУҶڵִﵽ۹ء
һΰĵط͸ǰ۹أ𺳲ѡ
ǵһ۹صˣܹܵǹ𺳡
۹زһǳأҲһսݣûκεĹ״Ҫݣֻ˵һƬ嫵ɽ˵֮еľ
һǣճǣҶа뵽
۹طΪܶЩһ壬һǣǰ֮Уʱȵĺ󷽱ں档
ңЩ֮˸ųҵĹâȫ󷨵Ĺâ󷨣һһ鲼ǿգ޾Ҳ֪ж󷨡
Դһδս֮ڵˣ㶼۹أЩ󷨡Щ󷨵Ŀλһλڵĵ˵
ЩڵӺгϣں󷽲ǵ󷨣Լռֲ󷨵Ĳϡ
ڴսٽǶҪ۹أսȻߣȴ޸󷨣ʱôǳ޴
۹صĵͼǼ콾һ¡ѪóһŵͼҶ졣
һλæʵҲ뿴һ
Ѫҡҡͷ˵ʵ̫ͣûдﵽ񾳽֮ǰǺܻܿսϡҪǱڰһǿǵԪ񣬺ܾܿͻõ۹صĵͼǶ˵һѡ
λʱ˵ˣ漰û˸Ҵ⡣
ʵѪҶ˵ĵͼҲϸġϸĵͼֻӵУλҲûʸա
ŵͼϣҶѾܹ۹صĴˡ
ˣǰȵȣΪʲôû󷨣ҶͻȻָŵͼһЩطʵ
ѪЦЩطǾأȥȥпܻᱻסԸҪ󷨷
ҶȻ
ʵڰԨĻͷǳ£кܶأ춼̤룬ȻҲȻķҪ󷨺ǲ
۹أǽЩһǿյճǣֵźڰ֡
䣡
Ҷ˹ۿͼʱ򣬴ǰ۹֮УߴӰɢһɿֲϢΧնһ
񣡡ڵһЩǾ
ȷλ񣬲ͽѪһλ񣬶ʵûнѪǿ
˾콾⣬˶뿪λ۹ءѪ漴ȵ
Ҷѯλ
ʱλһϱع飬һ±Ѫ˵
أս޼ʵ
ʱڵǶȥˣλǰ۹ءΧʱյһƬֻʣ¼콾һˡ
Ѫɨһۣ˵ǶǿţδȻܸһѵǶⰲţܵѵҲϸģҾʹȥѵӪ
Ѫ˵գɳǰ·
Ҳһ𣬸ڽѪĺ棬һط
۹طǳӴǸŽѪճǷɣʱ֮󣬲ŵִﵽѵӪ
Ҷ쿴ó󷨸Ӹ߼ΧķǳܣҲ࣬˵۹ǿһط
ȻǳҪϾŶǶпܳΪ񣬳Ϊ֧
Ѫôͻ˰ôһΣͻȻһǰѵӪ洫
ţҶǱ㿴һ̤ն˿ЩһǿϢȴõΧղ
λǿ߲񣬻һλ񣬼۹أҲһָľǿߡ
սѵӪ̹٣Ҳʱһλϱ񣬱ֺܴ󣬺ʥħһʱڵѪҶ˵
ʱսѾ˹ЦСǲЩǰ˵Ϸ򻵻
ϸ磬˵Цˣô˵ǽӢ¼ءѪæЦ
ҶشλѵӪ̹٣λսȻܲϣҲһ˫ڵȴǳڳ˸еһɳصѹȸС
ܲ˵˺󷽳˼λ콾û뵽ɳô죬ܺãսĿɨҶˣʱ¶Цݡ
Ѫæܣָ˵Ӧ˰ɣ񾳽磬Ѿλս
˵㴴һǳƣҼǳʩչȷʵܺáսȻǳ⣬һ͵Цݡ
ǰˡǫ
ս˰֣˵񣬳λ֮⣬ֵơңһλǰͲýˣһϸС
ϸ磡Цŵ˵ͷҲûм֡
Ѫսܵϸ磬ǵӵ壬θǵõ֮ĴУͬʱӵ֮壬Ҳ񼶱ʵ١
սоţЦݵ˵ܺã˵õ֮ĴˣһǿʣԺлﵽ֮ľ硣
ϸ磡Ҳһ
Ѫа֮ӡ޳ս޼ҶʥȾ콾ǡ
ÿһսϵЦݱһ֣Ȼô콾еˡ
а֮ӣֻ㸸а¼ϧԶʱ϶Ϊһ졣ڣȻ۹أϣ㲻ҪʧȡճԽսа֮˵
а֮صص˵ͷ
ս޼ǳˬҶβս˻ȥݴ½ȻõĴУҲʧս漴ս޼˵
ϸģһᳬԽġս޼ᶨ˵
ս˵ͷ漴޳˵һ˳ƽ棬ʵ֮£һȥĽǿһ
лϸ磡޳˵ͷзǳ˷ܡ
Ҫ֪սȻλ񣬵ʵǳֲǿһеλȫԺλս
ʵȻôĽȻǳ£ý޳зǳڴ
Ͼǿռпܻռڶʽ
̫ʥ壡սʱҶʥ̾ľǺεȵϧȥ˺ڰԨ㽫һᳬԽġ
ǰҶʥ˵ͷȴǲҽϸ硱ΪĸҶ¿϶սϸ磬˱֡
սҲû⣬ڰĿ⿴Ҷ죬ЦβýѪˣҶɣ𶯣۹أû뵽ɳô죬ǳã
ս񿴵Ҷ쾹ȻѾﵽλԲ磬г˼ΪһҶǾһ졣


1087 ƽ𱦺
սżλ콾һѵӪ֮УʱֻʣˣֱǽѪҶ죬е
ѪĿսȥ漴תͷҶ͵˵Ҫǡ

Ҷ͵Զһ漴Щڴ
۹ص죬ĿǰҲֻлڣ˶չˡ
ԶʱĵһλΪλϵ죬ʵɲ⣬ֻ֪λ񣬵ôȥ˭֪ǿ˺εȳ̶ȡ
ʵ죬ûһǼ򵥵ģȫޱȿ¡
ĻҲᵲסڰĽˡ
Ѫ磬ʲô𣿡ɵúʵ
ѪЦõ֮ĴУǵõһսݣڴսʱᷢӳҪãԻȻҪˡ
ҽɣЩĵ˵
ѪһЦЦ쵱ʲôǵǿߣں
ٺ٣ڨڨһЦ
Ѫ˵뿴ʵȻŪһЩ飬֮У㲹ʵӶָһδսʱ
̫ˣ˷ܡ
Ȼǿ󣬵⿿һˣӳʲôŪһλ񣬻ȥϴ߶󷨣ܹλ
սݵĿ¡
һδսԦһ˶ս𡢱ѩʣ·硣
ʵȻ֮㹻ЭԵֵλ൱ڸһλ죬ԻҪټ
Ҷ죬ںĲԳɼѾ˻ע⣬Ҳ㡣Ѫ漴˵
Ҷ˵ͷ
漴ǰУһ޴֮ǣƯ֮УɢһɳҵĹâ
֮棬һǿϢǵأŰǿգⷽ涼
ʣǾǻ֮һ
нѪڣû赲ɵؽ֮ǡ
ʵϣлֻҪǺڰԵ˭ô˵أȻҪ
߰ɣѾ֪ˡѪǰ·ŲԶһȥ
ﲻǲԷУֻΪ˱ʾԻ𾴣ǲŶߵġ
Ȼ񣬼·Ҳسɴ磬һǧܿ͵ִ
ҰĹԵЩƽ洫ǹɺ嫵ϢȴҶ͵ɫһ
ЩţΪϼľ죬ˡ
ţܺ˵ģţ϶ܸ˿ǡѪҶ͵ŵӣɵЦ
Ҷ͵һЩ
˵߽
ڹϷʱһΰӰȫ¶ڻ֮Уɢһɺ嫵ϢҶ˶Ӧһѹ֡
ⲻǻװȣòôΪ죬ľ۹صЩǣֻÿܵǿϢŻеİŻĵֵڰĽ
һ죬ϢͻȻʧˣô϶۹صĻҵġ
Ϣڣ˸оѹ֣˸еİ۹صʿ
˾Ҷ͵Ѫ˵
ȻϣʸϣѪԶ𡣵ǻ죬ֵǿĵˣĹͺܴȻˣʱҲҪ
۹أʸ۱֣۶Ĺ͡
첻Ϊʵǿ󣬲Żܵ𾴣ǣΪǶĹ
𣡡
𣡡
Ҷ͵񣬶λ˵е죬ԶʱĵһλǷǳ
ض񣡡𵭵˵֮ûһ˿ϣ·һƽͨһ
ϵĻɢˣ¶һƽףôӢҲô𺳣ǳƽȺ֮жҵ֡
ǳͬǳһ㣬˸ҫ۵Ĺâ
ѪȥɣѵӪϤ֮һ㰲ֲ˵
û뵽ԼձټҪ뿪ˣҲûж룬һ񣬱ͽѪȥˡ
֮УʱֻʣҶͻ
ҶʱҲܵ˻˫ҵвɵһݡ
ϸһϤϢ˵գУʱһϽǹҶ֮д˳
𡭡ҶҪͣ㱻ϡ
㲻ؽͣ飬Ѿˡ۾ұ壬ޣ㲻ɱҲնɫ˵
ҶʱһƽܹΪ죬ĶȻܴд󰮣˽
ǹʺ㣬ҾˡȽѵӪȻ˸ս׺˵꣬ǸϽǹ
Ҷ˵ͷõģֻΪûʱʹöѡ
ȡһƽ𱦺УҶ죬˵ǵһ˻תģȻҲ֪ζ֪㡣ڽڰԨ֮ǰ˵ԺһҶʱȣ츳ᳬԽˣкһҶ죬˵ıˡ
ʲô
Ҷ𾪣зǳ𺳡
һ˻ʾȻѾ㵽Ҫˡ
Ҷ첻ɵýסƽ𱦺Уϸ˿ܷģȻûб򿪹
һ˻˵ˣֻɫѪҺܿٴ˵
Ҷٴ𶯣һ˻ʵ˭Ϊ֪һУ׺ǰʲôϵ
ȻѵӪɣúһ£Ⱥڰʱٳȥ֡˵գ˱ʧ˹֮С
ǹǿϢȴȻ֮ǣ۹ء
ҶŻƽ𱦺У仯˺ܶ࣬𱦺УѵӪȥ
Ѫ͵û߶ԶҶܿ׷ǡ
Ҷ죬˵ʲôЩʵ
ûʲôҶ˿һĶڻƽ𱦺к͵һ˻ϣѯʣֻǵҡҡͷ
ҶɫЩԾȻкܺ棬Ҳûжˡ
Ѫһ˵ǽѵӪϸ汣սӰЩǿڰս֮󣬶ǰܴ󣬱˽ڰص㡣
ˣѪ磬ֻ̫ǵʲôʱҶͻȻʵ
Ѫһ㶣漴ҡͷǶ۹ظչأ˻⣬˭Ҳ֪ȻȺڰʱǿ϶ӦĵȻֵġ
ҶʱЩʧû뵽۹أҲûмֻ̫


1088 ۻ
صѵӪҶ˱һԺ֮УΧסŵĶǾ콾
ô·Ƕ׼úϢһ£˴˶Լһºһۡ
ҶһصԼӣȡ˻ƽ𱦺У漴ΧһϢ󷨣ƽ𱦺зڵϡ
֪һ˻ʸʲô
Ҷһ߰²⣬һ߸ԼƣƳɫѪҺڻƽ𱦺֮ϡ
ʱǹɫѪҺŻƽ𱦺ѵѪۣʼж۵ɫâ
еĸǽ򿪣һɹڹ֮Уһ棬һһ
ףⲻǺڰԨһЩط𣿡ҶȻֻһЩϤĵط۹صһǡ
£ҶźڰԨĵͼǰĻ濴
ЩġһͼͻȻҶ۾һ֪һ˻ʲôˡ
һͼֻǷͼĿĵأȴһֵĵط
ȣ
Ҷ쿴һ棬ڵͼϣҵط
ɫʱ䣬ΪһأǾأΧһƬȫǾء
ȣЩص룬ԲűΪȡ
ֿµĵطû˸ҽȥ죬Ҳҽֵط
һ˻Ҫȥ𣿡Ҷг˼йâϱ仯
ȲطһȥǾǾһ˵ɡ
Ҷڻҿ϶һ˻ʵ˭ǰʲôϵֻΪһȷԭ򣬾ҪյأЩ̫ա
ҵһ˻ʣǾİ·ڤڤ֮һǣ׷Ѱһ˻ʡ
𡭡һ˻ʣߣʲôϵǰʲôϵҶгʡ
ʱĻͻȻʧˣֳһЩּ
ˣֻ֣͵ҶǼʯ濴ּһȻǳͬһ֮֡

Ҷһ𣬵˵ˣòҪ񾳽磬һ֣ˡ
ڣһ˻µĶȴ񾳽硣
Ӧ˭أ
ҪҪȣ
Ҷ첻ɵüͷԥΪѡ񣬽غĽԲò
Ҷ컹ʱ滮ΪںڰѾʱ뿪۹أֻһһˡ
£Ҷ𱦺Уʼ˼
ֻ̫𶼼ҲԴõһЩõϢ
գҶ۾ʼռ
һµʱգۼ
һ죬λ콾ۼһ𣬺Ⱦ졣
ǰѾһЩսӰЩڰǹ죬Ҳȥۿһ£ǰ׼ս޼һھˮ˵
Ҳˡ޳˵ͷ
ҲˣֻҶһֱ棬ûйۿǰ³˹˽ˣԲû⣬׼ȥ
սϸ˵ǾҪμӼѵˡ˵
˵˵ͷҲӵ֪ͨ
ڰֻмʱˣҲֻмʱ伯ѵȻҪͶ뵽ʵս֮С
Ƕ˰úһϤʴ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻһλɫ꣬ɢǿİнٶ¡
ʣǱһϷ硣
𾪵ǣϷ羹Ȼ͵һﵽ񾳽磬Ϊһǿλ
Ϸ磬㵽׳ʲô鵤ҩôô죿ս޼ɴ۾š
ҶҲǳ𾪣Ҫ֪ǾʮĻۣ̤񾳽ɡ
ǵõ֮ĴУ̤񾳽Ҳ
ҶҲǵõɱ¾񵶣ܴﵽλԲ硣
Ϸ磬۹ؼʮ꣬ȻѾﵽ־磬ٶδ̫˰ɡ
ѯʵĿ⣬ϷһЦ˵ⶼǰҵģ˼δսնɱ˲ٺڰһǿߣռ˺ܶƬоҪķƬ˲ҽɿ졣
һλǿλʵս񡢽涼Ҫǿ࣬ǿһλ
ңϷһӵв塣
Ϸ۹֮󣬱һֱָ㡣
ˣҲܼʮ̤񾳽ɣҶҡҡͷõɱ¾񵶣ܽô졣
ϷֻƾһЩƬͽô죬Ȼǲܵġ
ҲʵĿ⣬Ϸ硣
ϷЦ˵Ǹ۹أ֪۹صһЩôһʱ󷨣Լʮʱ䣬˼ʮ꣬൱һǧꡣ
ʲô
ս޼޳Ծ
ҶҲ֮ɫʱ֮ŽʮʱѣѾǳˣû뵽۹صʱٴ󣬿Լټʮ
˵۹صʱٴеϰʱ䣬Ūľ󡣡˵ʱʱãЩš
ҶԻȻǰݴ½ʱ򣬾ڷһʱ󣬲Ǹ󷨱ʱ֮硣
ǣôУȻѾڵĸǿܴˡ
ÿһοҪӴԴ۹أҲֻЩ콾ִܹܵϷ˵
һǧʱ䣬ҵʵǿࡣ޳ŵ˵õ˽ָ㣬ռʼһǿĽ
ȱٵֻʱѡ
ҶҲǾ˸ռͬҪӴʱ䣬ܹ
һǧʱҲռĵʽܹˡ
ʽԳ󣬷ǳ¡
Ƚܼѵɣȼѵ֮󣬻ȻᰲǽʱٴϷЦ˵
أѾѵ˰ɣڶڸʲôʵ
ҲǳؿϷ硣
ϷЦһС飬Ƕӳĥϱ˴˵սɣ׼ʱҪȥ͵ϮڰĴ
ϣΪӳˣСӵ˰ս޼ԲɵõЦ
ǲμ꼯ѵ֮Ҳλʮ˵С飬λǰС顣Ϸ˵
Ҷȴüʱ䣿ڰĴλ۹ؾȥ
ôܣǸһȥкܶλλġϷҡͷЦ
۹𣿡Ҷɻ
Ϸ˵ҵõϢϾҪˣԻ׼ȥ͵ϮڰĴ׼һҲ۹صʿ
ԭˡҶԵ˵ͷͬʱصЩ棬֪λĴԺĴڣʲôӡ
ҪСˣǾ콾նһλ񼶱İħ¾ơս޼Ц
һģϷţԴӽ񾳽֮ѾԼҶˡ
ң۹ѵôãʱһս졣


1089 ع
Ϸںæÿ춼ҪŶȥĥֻҶһʱ֮󣬱Ҵ뿪ˡ
ҲɢȥˣеȥϤѵӪеȥ̽ѣҶȥۿЩսӰˡ
ۿĶλ񼶱սӰЩǷǳأǾ콾ҪۿЩսӰ񣬻ҪǰС
Щѩ˻£֮䣬ռ䶼ܶᣬȴ󡣡Ҷ쿴ʮѩֳȻһλλ񶼱Ƶ
Щۼľ񹥻̫ˣܵش㱻ɱһǳµĻ棬ٸ񹥻һλλѪɳȥʮλȫɱˡ
Ҷǳ𾪣Ҳ̫ˡ
ȻҶ𾪵ĻȺħʦЩħܶ࣬һֱӾܹɱλ
Ҷ컹Ѫ˵Щħʦһﵽ˰ˣһܹӳλ񼶱Ĺ춼Ҫݱܷâ
ЩӰ֮УҶ컹˸ħħڣǳǿÿһλҿֶǳǺܶࡣ
ңôս۹Ҳ²˺ܶħڣټһЩʦͷʦĸ죬ķĴڣಮ١
Ǻ嫰һħ֪ΡҶ첻̾
ڻý磬ߴ򣬺ڰڵħҲֻһѡ
Ҷ죬ǰ𣬱ǳߴеһΪ磬Ҷǳڴϣһǰ
ߴԼڵżҶ;죬Ҫȥĸо
ҪԺڰ񣬻оΣûʱ俼Щ
̹սǼ콾ۼһ׼ѵ
۹صĸ߲㣬ȻЩ콾ǳأԵѵһ̹սԽ̵
Ҫ֪սѵӪܾˣѾܾûѵˡ
Ҷ˵ǿ츳ҲȴֵҪҪͳ˧֣»ҪԽ̵ˡ
ˣҲŻˣֻҪκ⣬ȥѯ
ѵݺܼ򵥣Ϥڰ˽ЩڰĹʽǵĸϰߣҪһһ˽⡢͸
սĻ˵֪֪˰սʤ
Ҷ˶Ǿ콾ʵǿǻҲܿ˽ЩڰǵĸѾˡ
˺սʹҶ˹ۿЩսӰȻҶ֮ǰҲˣһսȻǿһ顣
ֻڹۿʱսһһָЩս֮еŵȱ㣬ǳ˽ⳡս
ò˵սս̫ˣԺڰ̫˽ˣһָ㣬ҶǶǳ
Ϊļѵڽʱ۹طһ顣
Ǿչضڻعˡ
һ죬۹صˣܵһɺͻһǿϢңԶʽٶ¡
ܶ۹صˣǳϤϢڴ˵е
ʱ۹ضһƬڣ˶ػš
ںڰ֮ʣع飬ʵ̫ˣʿʱǡ
Ǿ𣡡
ҶԶԶؿǸ̤նĻӣЩݣ·һ綼ܰƵġ˶ڻɫĳ֮У׶ɫɴסˣֻ¶ֻͬǳһҫ۵ӡ
ûֱͣӷڵĹǹǿϢȴȻ۹أǿǸеһİ
һº󣬻ʹλ񣬺ʮλ׼뿪۹أȥǰ̽飬ԼɧźڰĴ
۹صǿ߲ܵȵڰĴٳ£ſʼأ̫ˡҪȳúڰԨĶӻڰĴӭͷʹ
ÿδս飬һǳڰĴҲڷǿߵ͵Ϯ
Ҷ졢а֮ӡս޼ˣҲǰȥС
ϣץͷħ¾ƣս޼İħ۹صǰ˵ħȷܺóԣλ콾ѡ
İɣϷ紩һɫսףֳɫľ޴սӶһֻƣҶǸ
֮󣬻˾Ϳʼˡ
ĽϷǼһȻôͿԲμսˡս޼Ľ˵
սϸ粻˵ҲҪһС飬ʼĥϣʱٲսġЦ˵ʱļѵѾˡ
յϢԽʱٴչʮ꣬ңںڰԨһ֮УҵһʱʯԽʱٴļʱ䣬ǿʮ޳ͻȻ˵
ҲյϢս޼Ц
Աߣа֮ӺҶʥҲ̵ͷ
͵Ѿ񾳽磬Ҫʹʱٴ󣬶ҶﵽλԲ磬ҲδҪʹʱٴ
ԣεĻᣬ㽻ս޼а֮ӡ޳Ҷʥλ콾
ʵϣҶ챾ҲյϢģܾˡ
ϺڰĴҪˣҶ컹кܶ飬Ȼʱķʱٴ档
ңʱ̤񾳽磬Ҫչصġ
Ҷʥа֮ǽʱٴ֮ҶˣҲԷֱ뿪ѵӪǰѵأѡԼʮ¡
Ҷ֣ѾʱȣʵҲһ֪
ԣҶѡ£ܶ˶
չأλѡλҶȻʵλ񣬵ϾֻλԲ磬ֻܺλһѡʮλ
ѵһѲӣҶѡʮʵǿ󣬱Ƚϻ£Ŵ뿪ˡ
ҶŸոմѵһʱ䣬һλˡ
λʥħ
λʱȵĵһλ죬ʱǿߣȻǳǿơãͻһѡһǿߣ׼ǰͻϡ
оҶ졢һ¼
ʱսڣܶλ񶼷ԣΪЩδǵĻǰ
Ǳʥħһ仰ʹ򷢵ˣţֻлţšһضˣǾǷ岻Ҫַ
ԴˣҶ졢˲ûзŭеǳ˷ܣһԸʥħǰǰߡ
۹صǿ߼״ҲֹֻҶעⰲȫ
֮Ҷʹɫսףɫս
ΣʥħЭԦٶȷǳ죬һƬƬǿգźڰԨǰ
ΪĵһţʵλҶҺʥħһ𣬼λ¾ȴȲĸǿߡ


1090 籩

ʥħҶ졢Լʮλλ񣬶һ֮С
ʥħķǳ࣬׶ߣһⷢҶһɫսףԱ߰ڷһɫս
ʱʥħѾȫϢˣǽǰҶ컹Ǹܵһѹ
Ҷ죬Ѿ磬ҲλԲ磬Ӧʱܽ񾳽磬ΪγٳٲʥħҶ죬üЩɻʵ
ҶȻʵʵ˵ֻ˵һ£ȻбҪһʱ̤񾳽ġ
ʥħԵ˵ͷ漴ȡһţҶ춪ȥ˵̺ҵʥħȻռضá
лǰҶʱϲʥħλ񰡣ĵԿ£һռ֮УʵԴ
ʥħ˰֣Цʱܽ񾳽磬ʱʵҲ٣ԺҴˡ
ʥħ磡Ҷ˵ͷҲûŤ󣬷ǳˬؽе
ԱߵĵЩĽͬǾ콾ȴǱҶܶˡҲ֪ҶʵԲûмʡ
ЩλǣҲ֪ҶĿ츳Բû⡣
˵һλ죬ٺòˡ
ΣͷֻҪɵӣܻἵһǿţǺ޲öּҶǿš
䣡
ʥħĿ֮£ٳǰǰһ·ȻҲ˲Σյĵطʥħָˡ
Ҷ͵ǵһοƿЩ󷨣ƿֲɱһλ
⻹ʥħһ
Ҷ뵽ûкڰǼλڣʥħһ˼ԦɱڰĴˡ
λĿֲʵѹּǺڰι۹أǿߴˡ
ȻսݣڰһʵҲһսݣڰ
˵ǺڰԴģ֮ϣսݴʡ
ΪȻӵλʵǳСһܵ͵Ϯǻʥħ𣬶ܹɱ
ӵڰ֮ʵǿ࣬Ժͻ𿹺ܡ
Ҫ֪ڴ֮ǰ˰ħ֮⣬𣬻Ǳѩ쵥Ķ֡
ʾ͸Ӳˣ˺ڰʵ𿹺ˡ
ҲɵģúڰĺһķѵԴ̫ˣǺڰҲ޷ڶڰ
սˡ
ǵˣ
֮ʥħһžҵķ籩֮С
˾ȵǣɷ籩ɱλֻλϵʵֵܹɷ籩棬ȴǷǳȫһž޴ƯС
籩Ϊʼ㲻ڲǳȫټȻԷǳʺΪݵ㡣ʥħҶ͵˵
漴Ԧǿȥ
ҶʱҲܵһϤϢǻϢǿ֮ϣкܶǿߵϢ
Ȼﵱʱľݵ㣬ֵźڰǰĲ
ʥħϸ磬û뵽ȻˣûҶǽӽǿ򣬱Ѿ˻Ц
ͬʱǿǿǣʥħ󣬶ǷһƬĻ
磬һô£ʥħҶ˷˳漴
ԶѾһǿߣӭʥħĵ
ͱѩһһȻҲ˺ܶ࣬ҵĶ֡ǸȴǽܴúڰȻԻҡ˵
ԱһǿߵɫҲ̫ÿǱغڰģȴҪڴˣȻܺá
ʥħüͷһȵû뵽ʽô󡣡
֪Ϊʲôǿ߶ȴûгȥɱڰĴǻսˡ
ްɣʥħ漴ĵ
Цҡҡͷ˵ľ񹥻˵ˣûʲô󰭣Ѿָˡֻ֣ҸǶֻ֣ܹڴˡ
˵£ԵЩ
֣ߣǺڰµĹӣ֪Զ٣ҺһȥǡʥħЦ
ϸڣҲԱѩˣЦǷǳʥħʵ֮УҲֻֻѹʥħһ
죬ǿ߷׷ףʥħĵ
Ҷ죬Ҳ£һطפȴ
µʮλ񣬱ΪҶһҶһֱҶʮĶ飬Ҷʮġ
ΪĴս֮УǺģҲֻһλԳϵǿ⣬ô
ңʽöӳŶӣŶӵŽս
ӳ˵ʲôʱʼսҶʮСڶǳԾոפȲѯҶ졣
ҶЦ˵Ӧÿˣʥħͻ𽫻ȥڰһλλ񣬵ǴˣҪֵˡ
ڴѵô죬ɱˡҶʮʱ˷֮ɫƨƨߵ뿪ˣϢĶǡ
Ҷȴ̾˿ֻƵϾµʮˣʱܹŻȥģº١
ô˵ȻǸңҾһᰲȫشǻȥҶҧмᶨ˵
Ȳѣֻǰ񾳽ˡ
Ҷ죡
ú󣬵ϷǶҲˡ
λ콾ϯض
˵ƣųսģû뵽ֻǿһʵĴսûˡϷЩ˵Ѿˡ
ҪǺ³˻֮⣬죬Ѿˡ
ںˣʥħͻ֮ϾҪֵϳˡҶЦ˵
ʱ˵˵ĲҪ㣬Ҫһȥ
ŶٺòˡҶжʱƥ⣬ĵս⣬Ѿʼˡ
ʥħ˵ˣʱǣһЩǿߣ֮ڡȻһԹս˳նɱһЩڰĴ˵
ʥħͻҪǣȴǺѡ˫ţȻֵ˳ⳡս²ǶʱڿԽġϷ˵
ЦʱԽԽãʱϳˣ۹صЩǣдѵʱˡ
а֮ӡ޳ս޼ҶʥǶʱٴｫʱϳˣʱԽ࣬Խл񾳽硣ͷ
λ콾սս⡣


1091 ۷֮ս
ʱúܿ죬ڶ٣ʥħͻ𣬱һͬ뿪籩
ͬʱҶˣҲԶԶظǺ棬źڰפƬǰ
ȺһѾפˣǺܿͻ³ɣʥħļʱϷ˵
һɫĹâʧããǿ֮С
Զǰ֮УԽԽĿռ籩֣кܶʯɢȹâ̫
ĻǳĶӣʱһСģ뵽һ֮С
ãҶǸʥħͻ棬ܶΣնƽˣԵúɡ
Ŀռ籩̫ˣʱҪֱӴЩ籩¾Ǳ˴úܽҲѷֶԷü
ҶȴЦ˵ΪˣǲŸӰȫĻúڰЩλ֪ǵ٣ǾΣˡ
ԣս˶˷׸ˣ۹زÿֻʮ˻һٸɶ顣һĿСжٶȿ졣˵
˵ˣսʱòҪʱ䷢Ͼڰһ̫ˣʱϵԽԽϷ˵
Ҷ˶ص˵ͷ
ԼºҶǰдĴЦʡ𡢱ѩһˣǿҳ
ѾִĿĵˡ
ҶʹһɫæϢСĵ֮У͸һЩվ̽ǰĶ
͸ЩͶųȥվҶǿǰƬ֮УֲһҾ޴ĺɫսɢǿϢ
ĻһӣŰĿռ籩ԺڰĴҲûа취ۼֳֻܷС֣ǿա
ʺ͵ϮˡϷ۾һ̲ס˷ܵ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ȵʡѩǿ߳ĻУǺ͵Ϯɹ
Ҳ˵ͷǵȻԶλ̽⣬ȴ㲻λ̽⡣
ңλٶȷǳ죬ʵǿЩռ籩סǡһǷ٣ôҶǶ֮УҲ鷳ġ
٣ܵƣڰһǿߣܿͳˡ
ϴ㱻һˣλȡ𣿡һЦǰǿ֮
¡¡
һ̣Ҷ˿һͨɫľ޴󹬵һɹɿռ籩֮Ӳ˳ɢһɿֲϢ
ڰ
Ҷ۾һС
ϷҲǳ𶯣ΪڰҪ޴󣬻ҪֲǺڰսݡ
ʱںڰУ߳޴ӰŶĻЦ
Ҷؿһں֮УֳһȨȣͷһڣǴ˵еʡ
ͱѩǾ͸ӺˣһǸߴĽɫãһ;޴ɢżϢıѩ
ǿߵص̫ˣԣҶ˲ϳˡ
ȻǹڰУֻˡźڰϤӰɵЦ
Զʡѩǿɫ΢΢һ䣬һŭ֮ɫȫݵضŻ
°ܽȡ衣ҲãͰ㳹ȥ۹ءһӶȨȣһɫʱŻɱȥ
Ҷ𾪵ط֣ЩɫȻʵģǶλʵɰǧس
λʵ
Ҷ˵һʣҲᱻɱģʵ̫ˡ
䣡
Ҷ𾪵ʱ򣬻Ѿˣӡݻ֡޴֣ЯŰĻϢ磬Щĺɫһһշ顣
̫ˣҪźڰǸҵĶ֡мЦ
˶ʱӷŭˡ

һߴӰ˳Žɫ񵶣ݺݵ

Ȼ޴󣬵һƢȴԵСˡȻСȴһնգǿµ;ʯʹضˡ
ͬҵĶ֡һ˾ȻһƬ磬Яΰѹ
䣡
ǿֲľһֱӱ顣
ǹǿɳȥǱѩ˳סɵȻһȭǰա
ҹȫսµϢ춯أֱ޵ˡ
䣡ѩͻƴһȭȴƺһæ˵˺ڰ֮С
෴ȴʲô˰벽ߴӰǿ֮УɢһɿֲϢ¡
̫ˣ
ǻʵ𣿡
һ˶սλܡ

֮Уһ־ϲݵؿǿǵΰӰ
Ҷ졢𶯲ѣǵһοĿʵֱ
ڰþ
ʱʼԦźڰŻޱߵĺڰڷڣֲĺڰ򣬱鲼ǿա
ৣ
һɫĺڰ񽣣ʮǳһ߶ҪŻ
ߣһһȭӭȥȴǱɳȥǰѺڰ񽣣ϣһѪۡ
ɫѪҺǿգΧļǳˣǿնɲס鿪
ڵǶʱѣǡ
Ǻڰû뵽úڰ֮ʵȻǿôࡣҶ𾪵
ʱʻӶźڰ񽣣ѾѻƵˣ϶˿ڡ
ԼԶ١ûɱ
ɱһλ죬Ȼʼ۹ءѩҲЦ
λΧ
Ȼڴʱ쵶һһף֮նɱ
ͣ
ͱѩʱشǸߴ壬ˡǿֲĵâȫݻˣЩռ籩޷ֵ
ڰһУһ֮ȥ
ʥħ𣡡
ʺ𾪵бѩȫضŻ𱳺֮УһΰӰɢűȻҪֲϢ
ʥħ
֮ǰڻ棬ؼʱͻȻ֣һػ
ʻãкڰûˡ
ͱѩȴ˲ƣһ˵˱Դ
ǵɫǳѿͬʱҲ𾪣û뵽ʥħôȥʵȻǿȿµĵز


1092 
ҵ֮Уʥħһ趯ӣ貵⣬˺Ѳ񷣬ա
ʡѩ˶ǳ𶯣ͫ΢ɫء
սô꣬ľʥħʵΪʥħĵһλ죬ʶ̫ʱˡ
ڣʥħʵԵøɲˣƿźڰҲʥħˡ
ʵ̫ˣЩûкڰǿ¶Ҫˡ
δô̫ʧˡʥħڻҵ֮Уɢһɿֲĵ⣬ΧĿռ籩޷ӽ
ǳƽȴͬӣ𶯻գΧķ޷ӽγһƬյش
ɫһ䣬ΪǸоΧķ򶼿ʼ٣ʹǵʵܶࡣ
淨Ѿ̤λھˣ֮ɫæԦźڰͱѩˡ
λҲֲεģʡѩˣλھ磬ȴλھ硣
ǰʥħҲλھ磬ȻǿһЩڣʥħȴѾ̤λھ硣
Ϊˣƿźڰֻǿסʥħѡ
ʮȥˣΪһһΪͣͲǰ𣿺ߣʥħһ˫Ŀ֮б쵶һһף˺Ѳ񷣬ɱڰ
ĩ棡ʴڰսҲܹﵽλڣ䣬ԵסʥħĹ
֮вϵؼսһֲܵǳʯ׷׻
ʥħ磬ͽˡʥħһ˱㵲סʣ㳯źڰķȥҪնɱһڰ
ߣͱѩ׷״𣬴Ӻڰг˳˫˫ɱ
ãϴα۸ñһ֮𡣡䣬ϲͷɱͱѩ
⼸λλս˺ڰע⣬ǲҽӽϾǾۼһ𣬷޷Ըһλ
ĻǳӣҪۼһѣֹֻפԭأ̵ıݣԱ
ֵϳˣϷ˷ܵ˵
ƿźڰڵķȥһ·СĵϢͬʱųһЩվ̽Χ
ڴ
һһҪǺÿ
ڣһǿս⡣
Ҷ졢ˣҲɫսף˫ǰƬǿգһս졣
ڿԳսˣǵȴһѾܾˡ
ǰмҺɫսֹģӦֻһλ򣬲ǵĶ֡ʱһվһЩ棬һϱλ˷ܵ˵
۾һУ˷ܵãǽĵһҶɵƯ㡣
˵һѾĦȭˡ
䣡
޴ҲûϢһɫֲ̫һȺɫսȥ
Ϯ
һ
һ̣Щɫս׷ױһµĹâɱһܼա
¡¡
ڵˣʱܵ˾ҵĲķ˼£ӲЩƬɫսȥ
ɱվϿգһȭͺ䱬һҺɫսȭâǿգⷽض
ЩĹâȫķסˣ˿ֱ̼޵Уսӽλˡ
ҲȥһҲ˳ȥһì̳ǰһҺɫսһ£ǳϯսĺڰȫɱˡ
ɱԽԽǰĺɫսɱȥ
Ҷֳɫľ޵һٺɨͷҺɫսĺڰһ롣
ڰӭеķӦҲǳѸ٣һ߲÷һϷɱЩǡ
˫ʵ̫ˣһεģһߵս֣ԽɱԽ˷ܡ
֮УȫǺڰʬ塣
ֱһûһ𣿡ì̴һλ񼶱ʬ壬ȫ¶޾ǳ֮⣬һս񣬳ìɨǧ޵С
ߣ㣡һλ񼶱ʿ˳һͷλ񼶱İħɱ
㡭УǷһ˿Цеĳìһɫ磬˺ѿռ䣬˲λʿǰ
ɱʿһֱƶȴеĳìˣЯǳǳƣʿµİħ
𣡡ħŭ𣬵ȴһƸѹȥǿֲħĹͷˣǳϯλʿûˡ
ʿ𣬼ԦŰħҵس˳
ӭһɫì
䣡
ɫìʿؿڹᴩǿ˲䱬ըˡ
䣡ħ𣬳һںɫףȴһ˻ȥ
̫ˣһЦʩչǳƣʿ֮ĥȻֳɫìɱ򰵺ħ
ʿˣͷ˵İħ͸ӲĶ֣һì˾޴Դ
١ڲԶҶҲһλλһѤĵâƵöԷϵغˣ϶˿µĵۣɫѪҺ˲񷡣
ǿ壬ֵסҶһܿͱˣ񶼱Ҷһնơ
ΪһλҶ콫ѵƬȫ³˹
³˹ѾΪλˣôƬҪ˶ã̤񾳽磬Ϊһˡ
ҶҲ˰ɣϣԼȥѰҵһ˻֮ǰ³˹ʵҲܸߣһʱͻһˡ
Ҷ죬סڴʱԶ˵
Ҷ̧ͷȥ۾ʱһС
͵ֵڳڰΨһһλ񣬴ʱеҪҶߡ
ǿ𣿡ҶһЦսʱȫ߸ߵؾɫ񵶣նһ٣Ʋ񷣬˺ǿա
֮ܣλ񼶱һɫĶƶʱǰܵһµĵâ
꣡ɫĶ϶ʱһ˿˿ѷ죬ЩѷΧɢʹɫƶˡ
ôܣλ񼶱ŵؿŲԶҶ졣
˼·ͨҶЦеɫ񵶣һαѤĹâնն


1093 
λ񼶱ʧɫæˣΪ֮ǰѾ̹һĿӲˡ
Ȼһɿֲϯһݡ
ȭվϿգɢҵĽɫâһȭ·ǿա
ڰ磡һɫĹâʱħȻӶ˶档
һЦǳҵȭâʱͺڰ磬ݺݵشɳȥ
٣Ҷ죬ܵشһ飬Ԧĥˡ
ЩƬһαҶռ³˹
ˣЩƬҺ̤ܿ񾳽ˡ³˹˷ܵ˵ֿٵٶȣǰ붼ġ
ϾǰûʵնɱЩҾʵҲôΪڰս
ڣҶˣټϺڰͻԴԴƬ̤񾳽ʱ䲻̫Զˡ
ʱЩǣҲɱһȺڰ֮Уֻʣһٶõĺɫսһս֮С
ջ񲻴
ǸˣغܿЩڰͻ֪͵Ϯ顣
һΣһġ

һλλսƷʼ½ؽ
ԦˣʧƬ
Ȼ֮λ񼶱ʿϵ˴˵ء˱鲼֮еһƬǽ壬ս⣬һڰڡ
ãʥħͻ⣬廹ǿߵˡһʿɫһ䣬˵
ܹôɱǵһ֧飬ٵмʮλλ񣬺λλܹõһʿ
Ϣȥӭս׼´ٸ͵ϮǳԲ˶ߡ
ǿȻ٣ռƣǱذɡ
ʿ˵գ㿪ʼء
﷢飬ܿʹڰʱڰһĶ飬ǿ˷˱˴֮ľ룬ʱ֧Ԯ
Ҷٴ͵Ϯһ֧ʱܵһЩ鷳
һ֧ѩ˵Ķ飬ߴ󣬸޷սȫۼһ޴ǳ棬
ЩѩܵĹʱȴûκεľȺ͵ģǺ׼һӭս
ͬʱڲԶ֮УһȺսǧս
еһ𷢶䣬ǿֲĩһ㣬û
䣡
ʱܵҵ𶯣ǿµһڲ
Ľǳ£һôһ𹥻쿰λȫһˡ
ķҲѼ֣ҿв񣬴һͬŵסЩĹ
սû˶ֹͣĵص֮£ȻһߴıѩˣɢһɹɿµϢȥ
ͬʱԶʿһȺħʦ
ʱܵΧ
ɶϵˣ֧ѩ˶飬ֻǸµնһλɫѿ
Ҷ졢Ҳеǳ𾪣û뵽ڰһķӦôѸ٣ô͸ºˡ
ڰһҲӵǻ۳Ⱥͳ˧˵
Ҷ˵ͷϾ³˹֪ڰ½ԶԶݴ½
ӵô˿ڣǳһЩǻ۳Ⱥͳ˧Ҳûпܡ
أ
ԶһȺħʦʩչ䣬ЩĽ仹Ҫ¡
һ˲䣬Ļ棬ǿգΧ
ͣ
ǳҵ¶ȣķһֲܣһ󷨣档
ȭ
٣
ǳƣ

Ҷ졢һȫ׷׳֣סµĽ֮
ͬʱһΧȦ󷽡
ȻЩѩ˳ˣǲٿرѩ֮ʮգٶȴܿͱڰ׷ˡ
Ⱥħʦٴʩչ䣬һ񹥻һʹϣҶ˵ɫ䡣
áѾˡ
ȺħʦĽ䣬ѾӲԶչ·ɿµĺû硣
䣡
ؼʱ̣Ҷ˳ȥʩչ̫ͼɺ
ȻѾλȫһˣ̫ͼҲⲻˣ˲˺ѡǿµݺݵسҶϣһ񹥻һʹ
ҶԪܵҵĹս궼ǳѷ죬ȻҪˡ
Ҷ죡
ͬʱ
ϷҲһ
ҶʲôҲû˵һգȻʧȥеˤУս֮С
ҲҶһһ·˳ȥ
ЩڰȻ׷̫࣬ٶȺ׷ֻؿߡ
һսȴǺڰһӮˣʿ׷׻
෴ڣȴһƬĬ
̫ˣȻ˺ڰĵ㱻ǺɱҶ춼ܵشʱûټսˡ
ΪҶ˺أƵǺܿͻָˣսԪƣȴҪܳʱָܹġ
ֻýת˻ʥħλ֪Ҷ˺󣬼̾Ͱսϻ뿪Ƭս
ȻҶеĵλܸߣҶʲôΣա
ãҶȻأֻҪһЩʱ䣬Զ޸вԺ
ִ̫ˣ֪һ֧飬öԷ裬Լȴʧȥ˾衣ʥħҶ֮󣬲תͷһǳ
Щ֮Укܶʱ񣬱ֺʸȻҪߣ𶼲ǣʥħȴԡ
ʱȣû˱ʥħıֻҪߣʸҪϡĺǳ⣬ڳ񶼵ͷҷ
ʥħ磬ǵȷǴˣҶûʲô󰭣˰ɡ٣Ҳնɱһ֧ڰǽˡЦ˵
ʥħްˡԶҶ컺۾˵
Ȼƻûг׻ָѾѹסˡֻҪȥ֮ˡ
һεľҶ֪ЩħʦǿЩľ񹥻ǳĿֲͱԪˡ
ҿҶڤԪǳǿսҲǳǿ󣬲ǿֵסһľҪˡ
ˣȻȥսŸոտʼǿɲٴˣҶ죬ǵеκһˣһ䣬ʧʥħ˵


1094 ת
ص籩֮УҶ㿪ʼչˣµʮˣתϷ磬ţʼɱڰ¡
Ϊʥħ壬ڰǰ˫·ĬأǰƬҵǿգĬΪ˫ս
ʥħͻԼʡѩûг֣˴ƺţȥս
ڰһҪɱǿߣԱ۹صʵ۹Ҳɺܶࡣ
һҪڰʵʱ䣬۹ڵܹʱٴһЩʱ䡣
ԣ˫ʹ˳ʱս֣ǰƬҵǿ֮У˴˲ϵɱš
ÿ춼кܶڰﱻͬҲǿ䡣
˫ɱ۾һƬǿնֲɱȾˣʱضвҵĴս񼶱ǿ䶼Ǻ顣

ʮʱ䣬ƶ
籩֮УҶ۾սڻָˡ
񹥻̫ˣ´βô嶯ˡҶЩµ뵽
ʵҪʮָƣɼʱȺľ񹥻жôֲ
ҪǻλĻƻᱻֱӺս꣬ɱˡ
һλҲѵֵǹɿµľ񹥻
ˣ³˹ͻȻ֮д
Ҷһʱų³˹ֻ۾ų貵⣬ȵ㾹Ȼôͽ񾳽硣
ʱǰ³˹Ѿ̤񾳽磬Ϊһλˡ
˸ҵƬҲôͽ񾳽硣³˹˵г˼˷ܡ
̶̼ʮ䣬ʹλ񾳽磬ٶȣҪǷںڰ½Ǳߣһˡ
ȻΪͬԴǳ졣
񵱳Ҷɱ¾һͬĵ
ţҶЦŵ˵ͷ³˹ʵҲܹˡ
Ͼ³˹һλȻʵֻλ񾳽磬ȴֶͨܶΣЩҶа
գҶ³˹ʥħͻȥ
ܿͷֻлûʥħ
ѯʹһλҶ֪ʥħͻҪƬսԷֹʺͱѩλλ֡
Щ꣬ǷǳɵʥħԶûг֡
Ƭս˫棬ɱ˸ѪɺӣʬɽҰ
Ҷ죬ڻָˣܺá𿴵Ҷ쵽ʱ¶Цݣص˵ͷ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷ漴ʵ磬սôˣ
šƬ̣漴üĿǰɱеԶԶԷԶԶڶԷǣҲ֪ԷǶࡣ
Ҷ˵ͷڰ̫ˣһɱеǶԷʮˣڰﻹࡣ
ơ
ҪǣЩڰֻǺڰӶѣǶˣڰ񶼲ں
һ˭ʧˣġ
Ҷһ·ѾʯˣЩǶʮǿߡǵʬ嶼ˣʯģҲֻǵս׺ƬһЩǰ
ЩߣΪݴ½ģҪ֮Ĺ档
꣬Ҷ֮ĹײĶǿյģԭˣΪЩײ˵ʬ嶼˴ˡ
ң滹ֻ̫ǿߵķĹΪÿ˶Ѿ˱ǰԼ˹ײġ
۹ǿߣǵﶼᱻ֮ĹԺݴ½ĺĤݺ;
ҲǶЩ߹Ͽɡ
뵽Ҷ¶ᶨɫ˵磬ƶѾָˣԲμսˡ
ţãҸ㰲ʮ¡˵ͷ
Ҷȴҡҡͷ˵磬Լһ˾ˣøҰˡ
ͿǺˡ
нλǿߣ³˹λˣȸʮλʮλ񣬶ǿˡ
ԣҶ׼ж
⡭ðɣСĵ㡣ԥƬ̣ջͬˣΪҶʵǳǿ󣬶ҶѾ磬̤λԲ磬ʱܽ񾳽硣
ҶʵֻҪ̫ܵ˵Χоǳ֣ǾͲΣա
ңҶһжĿԵúСˣΣգҲˡ
ˣȨ֮£ҶǰƬս
ǵ죬Ҷ͸ǰƬս
ֲͨ籩Ҷ³˹վڽıϣƬҵǿա
Զĸ߿УʥħɢһɿֲϢͬһ̫˲ֱӡ
Ĵڣöʵ˲ҳ֡
Ҷ΢һۣûȥкһͷǰƬҵǿ֮УʧһƬֲĿռ籩档
һƬսҶ͸ܵһɿֲɱŨҵѪϢüͷ
ҶϴνʱѾ˺ܴı仯Щ
Ȼʮ䣬淢˲ҵɱ
ǿĺڰĻһλʩչԱߴ³˹ľ
ҶҲüͷ壬ΪƬսѾڰĻ֡
ҪάôһƬڰĻҪֱֲ̫ˣشһλλˡ
ǽĻı˶һ档Ҷ˵
³˹˵ͷ˵ˣȻڰĻ޷赲񼶱̽ӣȴʮǵ̽ӷΧ
ҶǿµľԺڰΧΪǵ̫ˣһǳֲ
ϴһҶǼԦǿҲȫû
ڣսںڰĻ֮£ǿߵ̽ӷΧСʮڰͨڰĻ̽١
ֻԺڰһ̫ˡ
ˣֻԱǿ߲ȴǳٺ١³˹ͻȻЦ
Ҷʱɻؿ
ֻ³˹ͷųһƬڰĻƬսĺڰĻںϣʱҶͽˡ
ףôȻˣڴʱԶһĺɫսУһȺɻ
սװһôΪ׵һλ񼶱ʿһλλ񼶱
ո̽鵽һλԲһλ񼶱ͻȻ֮䣬ʧˡ
Щɻ󣬲֪òüǰˡ
ʱ³˹ɻҶ죬͵ˣѾƬڰĻںˣѾ޷ͨڰĻ̽鵽ǡң̽鵽Ҳֻ̽鵽ǵԼ˵ġңһͨƬڰĻ̽鵽ǵ١
³˹ĽͣҶʱ۾һһӾתˡ


1095 ħ
³˹ĺڰĻڻҶʱһˣεƬս֮С
ˣǰһսǣҸӦһλʵ࣬Ӧûλڡ³˹Ҷ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴³˹ָʾķ򣬳սǰ
֮ҶȷһҺɫս
λ񣡡ҶԶľ͸ܵսϴǿϢ۾ʱһУէ䡣
ˣҪҪȻȥȻ͵Ϯǣ³˹ʵϾںڰ׾ܻȥ
ʱʵٽ͵ϮԿش֧顣
Ҷȴҡҡͷ˵Ƿ㣬Ϣ˻ȥԺͻ׼ˡ
³˹Ҷġ۾ؼʱôܴȻúڰһ
ңʵҪ³˹
ˣҿԷ²ǣһ𣿡ҶͻȻʵ
³˹һ㶣漴Ҷ˼ɵÿЦҡҡͷ
ΪʲôҶü
ÿڿսǰڰԼԼݺܼ򵥣ǲܱѺڰ񣬲Ͷˣ³һЩܣͻᱻ汾Դɱ³˹˵
㵱ôǩԼģҶɻ
ˣڰǩԼһ꣬һ֮Լûˡ³˹͵
һδսȥʮˣԵǩǸԼȻЧˡ
Ҷ˵ͷڰ׼֣ܳƵЩڰ½ǿ߲òƴ۹ء
뿴Щڰ½ĺڰﻹǵùȻڰǱøǿˣȴΪ˺ڰӣʼΪڰƴ³ǿߺò˶١
Ҷ첻ٶ룬³˹㳯ǰսȥ
žĽӽԷҲҶ졣
һССλԲɫսϣλɵ¶֮ɫ
ЩţһССλԲһĽɫǲûܣҳǳ
ˡ
϶ǶѱǵɱˣԷŭҪƴ
ǾͳȫɣȥĶžۡ

սϣЩڰ¶ɵЦݣһССλԲѣǵĶ֡
λ񼶱ʿ֣һôɱˡ
٣
ЩڰмôҶʱһ漴ը졣
ʱɫսϣеĺڰܵһɿµĵͬˮһϯû硣
ôܣ
λ񼶱ʿȫ𾪵վŵؿŶ漱ҫ񵶡
ڰ֮ܣ
ʿİħԴ˳ȥ׼ӭս
䣡貵񵶣ֱӷ˺ڰ֮ܣźɫսɱһ˲䣬ֲɱγʵʻɱ¾֮սĺڰﶼˡ
ס֣ʿŭֳֹìӭϡµİħһֲһ
Ȼ֣ҲֵסҶֲһͰħ貵ĵûˣһͷˡ
ɱ
ܣսϣλ񼶱ʱ˵ƲЩãԼһɫԶ
ռҶһЦ۶ʱɫһҵɫλ񼴱סˡ
û⣬ܿ챻ҶնɱˣƬҲҶ͸³˹ˡ
ЩܵôҲҶɱ˫ʵ̫ӶӲˡ
Ҷ컹˳²ĺɫս
ӣҶ춼³˹̽ΧһԽԶԸĺڰ̳
³˹ĺڰĻλ񼶱Ҳ޷Ҷ١
һڰʧأҶɱеĿԽԽ
ֽվǰסģɱôڰ֮󡣺ڰһȻ֪Ҷôӹǵ̽飬֪ҶݣȴѾ֪ôһ˻Ŷӡ
ңǻǿ˷ÿγеĺڰһλС
һҶȻԻһЩڰȴѾ޷ȫǣʹҶݱ¶ˡ
ҶĴڶʱ˺ڰ߲ע⣬˺ڰĴıɱ͸Ҷһħĳƺš
ʹҶеĺڰﶼ֪Ĵڣһľǿߡ

ڰ
ʡ𡢱ѩڰһ䣬ۼڴˡ
ŭ˵ħԽԽˣѾɱһλһٶλǿ߲ʧ̫ˣֱȵλԳˡ
ܹͳħĳƺţвҲ֮С˵
ڵĹؼǣζԸħѩ˵
λֻܳܿȥԸҶ졣
Ҷʵ̫ûˣǸֲҶ٣ټҶǿʵ͸ʹ޷Ӧˡ
òʲôطɣ̲ס˵
ܣҡҡͷ˵ַƹˣôֻһ˻᣿϶ֻһӵ
ͱѩҲԣսҲ͵ħһ˱Ƚ⣬Ҳ٣һһ㣬ڰɱǵˡ
ǿߣӣȻҲɱǲˣҲбɱġ
ħٹ죬һǳµնȻһûϵ̫ˡѩ˵
֮ǰѾºܶնҶϵȻɱ
ϧǸ뵽Ҷһ³˹ͨڰĻؿǵȻܻϵ
˵սĺڰĻҶı
Ȼ֪³˹Ĵڣ϶ͻӦԵķȻҶһֱû³˹¶ע޿κΡ
ϾԼƣܻͶ塣
ԣǼԴҲܻõҶһˡ
ɱȥˣʵڲУҾֻԶˡվĿɭ˵ɱŶ
ʱ¶ֱ
ü˵ǳ֣ʥħͻҲֵģҪ˿²ܡ
ʥħ𽻸ˡ
ڴʱһӺڰ⴫
˭ʶʱʧɫ˾Ȼ׵ؽڰȴ˿֪
ͱѩҲ𾪵վһŵſȥǿϢʱҡ
ǿ߽ǸߴӰ֮󣬶ʱ¶𾪺ͲŵĿ⡣
ħʣѩɴ۾
ⲻܣ۾𾪡
ħʵֻնɱۿģôܻš
ڣǰģȷǰħʡ


1096 ħ
ħʳ֣ͱѩһһ
Ϊһδսʱħʾͱֻɱˣۿġ
ڣħȴȱվǰ𾪲ѡ
ԣ񣡡
ȴͫһǿ˲֪ǰ˲ǰħʣǺڰ
ʵ
ħʵ˵ͷ漴ͱѩһۣߵҶϲˡ
ݼ񣡡
ͱѩʱŵ
ҲΪˣǾʣôܻᷢǺڰħʵʬ
ǣЩɻؿǰİħʡ
ħߵֻɱħʣҽʬˣǰѺҾͽʬƳһ߷ˣȻȲҵ߷סʥħ㹻ˡ
˵գħڴڵλϡĿ⣬ɨˡ
ʥħһǵססͱѩҶ졣סܣҪˣĲǡ
ħʱ
ǣæ
ȻǲΪʲôһҪҶ죬ֻҪǺڰǾͲֻܾܾء
֮ʱµǣʼڰĻ

սڣһҺɫսںţͷվһλɫǳ۵꣬üؿΧĺڰĻ
ˣҸоڰĻɢ³˹Ӵ˳ɻ˵
֪ô𣿡Ҷʵ
ҲܵˣΧĺڰĻѸټ¼º󣬾ͻ᳹ɢˡ
ֻһֿܣǾڰĻˡûЩǵڰĻȻɢ³˹˵
Ҷ첻ɵüͷɻΪʲôҪѵǷĴˣ԰Ƿ㣬Ҳδػ᳷ڰĻϾкڰĻڣǵ̫ˡ
Ҳ֪³˹Ц
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣漴ɫս³˹һΣж

սһߣʥħǿ֮УȻüͷ
ʵȻҲӦ˺ڰĻļ֪ǶĺڰڳڰĻ
ʲô𣿡
ʥħһ˿ʣΪԷһһλ籩ȥһ
ͬʱʥħ˴սڵЩǿǣСĵ㡣
ν³ΪʥħûСĽΪ
ò˵ֱǷǳµġ

ĸµʱԭסսĺڰĻѾȫʧˡ
ǿ߶Դ˸еǳ⣬漴ǾЦˣΪûкڰĻ赲ǵ̽鷶ΧٶȱùˣԸڰ͸аˡ
ĴѰҺڰʱȴսҲûһڰˡ
ã˶
ʥħ֪£ɫʱһ䣬æѸ
ͬʱ˼ʮ壬ʱվǰƬսȥ
ٶȷǳ죬һ֮䣬Խǧٹ
Ȼڶ棬ͬһߴӰһǿƣͬɽһ㣬ϯǿա
ħʣ
ʥħ̧ͷŶߴӰɵͫ𾪡
ѣþòˡħʴЦ
ʥħ۾һУߵԭڰû뵽˰ħʵʬ壬ѹҲ
ֻ̫أҿǷǳǡħɭɭ˵
Ǻܿͻʱһһġʥħߵ
𣿾µǻʱ۹ѾˡħɭһЦ̧Ƴʥħǿֲƶʱúܴգǿգư磬ɽӡ
Ҳãҿ߷жǿʵħǰֻҴƽҾͲ
ʥħһ˫ֶʱսһɫһɫɢſֲĹâɷ籩ϯ
¡¡
Ǿ޴ĺɫƣʱʥħ˫飬ǿֲȻʥħ
мЩʯȫನݻˣǿնڶ
λڣʥħŶİħʣɵɫһ䣬жʱ¶֮ɫ
ħҲЩؿʥħ΢͵ص˵ͷ˵ôˣڽ顣
ʲô˼ʥħüͷ
˼ǣΪһλݴ½ˡĴ뱾Դݴ½գݴ½飬츳Զ㿴Ǿ֪ˣʱ䲻̣Ҳﵽλھ磬ҪٽһµҪǧ꣬ꡣħ˵
Ȼ֪ˣ͸뿪˵أһ죬ᱻݴ½ǿնɱʥħߵսǿն˺ˡ
һһ貵Ĺâ޴Űħɱȥ
ݴ½ߣݴ½ǰżѡֶ𣿡ħЦ
ûʵսʲôֱƾ˫ȭӭϣǿֲȭâƲ񷣬棬ͷ÷顣
ǰħʵ壬ǳǿ󣬵ס̫̫֮ƵĹ
ֻǵֻ𣬱һֻغԴġ
ʥħȻȴûֻǿԸ޷ݻٰħʵҲɱȴ˭Ҳκβ˶Է
˭
Ȼʥħƽ֡
ϤӰǰħʣ
ôܣħʲһδսʱֻɱ𣿡

һȺڳսǿǣʱ˸߿ǿֲĴսһѡ
ǰħʣôܣ֮УԦսȥȴȻһЩϱǵľ
ǾǴ˵еİħʣɵÿǵʥħսİӰ𶯲ѣܵһǿѹȸС
Ȼǰħʣôܣ
սĳأҶҲڳսȥȴȻǿֲĴս𾪲ѡ
ħʲѾ𣿡Ҷ첻ɵѯ³˹
³˹һ㶣漴ҡͷⲻܣħʵ걻ֻɱҿۿģ񶼱ˡ
ҶʱëͻȻһǿΣȻ
ô£ҶֿͫµĸоѾþûгˣԼֱдġ
ڷˡ
Сϣɱôǵˣ㻹˵ʱˡ
ڴʱɿֲϢӲԶձ
ͱѩ
ǡҶɫұ䣬ΪʲôҪڰĻˣһжΪץס


1097 ֶ
ͱѩǶλɢſֲϢͬ嫵Ĵ磬Ҷѹ
ǱɱһĻ
Ҷ쵹һɫ䣬æٷӡ
Ȼλٶ̫ˣ֮ľڲϵؽӽ
ס֣
һȻǷҶٵΣ
ʵϣͱѩϢ̫ǿˣ벻עⶼС
û뵽λĿ꾹ȻҶ죬ǳ𾪺͵ǡҪ֪ҶһԳΪľţּţһˣǶ۹صĴ̫ˡ
Ķңڴʱһɭ
ʡ
Ԧźڰס˻мս
̫ˣȻλԸһλ񡣡ŭ֮ɫ˫ǰƳһֺȥڰײһ
Ǻںλ͸ӲˣЦȴǷǳ𾪣Ϊֱһ̣֪Ҷֻһλ
һλȻܹλʵҲ̫˰ɣλֻ츳Ҳǿɡ
ҪɳȥԻΪڶֻѹҪץʶʱȻֻһ㲻ǾǺڰΪҪҶ죬ѵ׼нҶ
һ־ӲʲΪڰܹнɹѾ޹ˣֻҪסˡ
䶨ˡЦԦźڰû޷ȥԮҶ졣
ãҪɱҶ죡
ô
λȻҶˣ

һЩ׼ӳսǿߣɵ÷׷׾
ԦĵҲǵһʱ䷢Ҷɵͫ
λҪȥֻԥʱ䣬Ŀᶨ˵
ڵһǿ߶ûгԣ֪һȥҲǶҪȴԹ޻ڡ
ΪǶ֪Ҷ츳һʱܹΪĳţˣҲҶ
䣡
һǿȫ߶Ҷȥ
ǹǿʱսע⣬һЩ;ǿߣ׷ϣԹԼ
һĻŽᡣ
ǵ
ҶȻҲĿֲϢǾԲһλλ٣һ̫һ㣬ɢųҵĹâǿա
ԭھеҶ죬ʱһ˿æٳȥ
ѩʱȵ
һȺ϶ѣԦҲǵĶ֡м֮ɫЦ
λȫһӣҶľ롣
ǸںҶ֮УΪûλҲӲôλĶ֡
ˣǱյΪѩ˵漴һȭǰһƬǿնˡ
Ǽǿӳȥ;һƬѩǣ
ռҶ˲ɫһҵɫǰӭȥ
ʱɲеĿռȫˡ
ǳӶļʱסˣǹǿķҲҶѪɳȥ
ѩλҪһҪĿռ̫֮ǿˡ
Ҷʱܵ˷ɡ
ãҶ쵱õһſռʯʱռ֮ȫ
Ŀռ֮ҶȹǰһƬҵĿռ䣬ֱ˲˹ȥ
Ŀռ̫ˣ˲һΣҶеĿռ֮ռʯˡ
ʱ޷˲ƣֻܳȥ
ãʱѾܽˣϾҲƴ߶ӽ
˲ƣѩɴ۾𾪡
Ȼǿռ֮˿ռ䷨򣡡Ҳš
ǰСӣֻһλѣȻ𺳣ʵ̫ˡ
ѹҪСӣһӿٶȣҶ׷ȥͬʱӶ޵һǿգǰնɱȥ
ͣѩ޾ıѩϱǿգΧһжˡ
죡ٿ죡
ҶͷҲأȫٳ
ûҪֵͱѩĹΪǸʵסλһ
λλĲ࣬Ƿǳֲģһλɱһλ
ս񡢽桢ǿλҲסλļȫ
Ҷ죡ԶĴ
Ӵͬһƶ򣬳Ҷٽӽ
Ҷ۾һʱһͷͳ˽ȥ
æɿ󷨣Ҷ赲ؽ漴ȫ
еǿ߶׷ױȫ߶еķ󷨡
ΪͱѩĹҪˡ
䣡
Ŀֲһݺݵ棬ǳҵ󷨶ʱγһµķ赲һ
¡¡
˵Ķ䣬оˣͬһڲ֮ϱը
ǿֲһױƥھҲ
ۣ
ۣ
ڣһǿߣ׷һѪ
Ҳһɫʱɷס
һȺϣʱ򣬱ѩҲˣǼϢ֮С
ã
һǿҲɫ䣬ΪһסǸסλĹ
ʱ䣬Ҫ񾳽磡ڴʱҶ
˵֮󣬲ȵĻش𣬱Ѹȡʱ֮ȥ
һǿԣʱ۾һнһ˿ϣ
Ҷ񾳽磬ҼԦǶԿͱѩͲڻˡ
£λƴˣһҪҶס㹻ʱ䡣
˵գֱȼվѪһɿֲϱ
һ̣Ϣλڣﵽλ۷壬֮ս˿ˡ
һǿ߼״Ҳ׷ȼվѪһɹǿϢʱ
£ƴ
֮ǰܹ嵮һλ죬Ҳˣ
Ҷ죬һҪͱѩ

һλλǿ߷׷״нǴűľģһɹǿս⣬캳أֱƲ񷡣
ûһǿ⣬˶ȼ˾ѪԼƽǿս
ڣһ󷨣Щǿߵȫ߶֮£һ貵⡣
¡¡
Щ󷨹âʱ˺ѿѩķ˳ȥ
ǰѣһЦеľ޴񵶣˺˲գݺݵغ档
ͦס۾һƬ죬


1098 
ʱ֮ڣҶһУϥ£ʼ
ѾﵽλԲ磬磬Խ񾳽磬һжˮɣֻҪܳɹ
Ҷڸʱ䣬Ϊ֪ǻܹ֧ŶãϾλڹ
죡ҶżڣԼս꣬ȼ
ս꣬ȻսΪ
֮󣬲飬㲻
ң廹ҪӲʮԾ屻˺ˣȴֲܱ飬Ȼ
ȻһҲˣôȱҲͳˡ
ҲкôģȻôΪʲôƴҪ񾳽磬Ҫ
Ϊ汾ԴǳԼӿٶȣңҲֻ񣬲߼ķ
Ļû飬ֻļѡ
˵ĸֻܼ
꣡
ȼգȻûʲô¶ȣȴֱ͸ꡣ
Ҷսʹ࣬ҧǽ۳͵г˼ȡ
죡
ٿһ㣡
Ҷвϵشߴš
ʱ⣬ͱѩѾλ񣬱ױȵĿֲˡ
Ҽ֣˫죬ҧǿѪҺȼյ˾죬ɢһɿֲ
κΣλĲ̫ˣЭҲо֧ˡ
ڵǿǣѾоԼڵѪҪȼչˣһɫ԰ףԭǿϢҲʼˡ
İûеȵҶ񾳽硣һǿߴһ峹ױըˣΪһųҵĻ棬֮Уʹ󷨵Ĺâ
һǿˣȻֻһλ񣬵ȴҲһ
ҲоԼ֧Ų˶ˡ
Ҷ죬찡״ɵôѪȻǿ󣬵Ҳֲ˶á
ңڣһλλλʼըˣǰܡ
һȺϣ죬ߣһҵľ޵ݺݵغϡ
ʱһµķ֮ݺύһƬضڱ飬ǿնֹ
ڣһȺλȫѪɳȥܵش
һЩǣҲɫɷף֧Ųס
ŭѪȼյ֮ˣǿʹ˿ֲټ˿λһȭ
ﵽˣϧֶܹãѩһЦͬһȭӭɿֲǿ֮ײһ𣬽Χһжݻˡ
ͬʱһɼˡ
飡ŭǿųҫ۵ԣΧıѩȫڻˡ
䣡һǿᴩ󷨣档
ͣѪɣɫһҰףѪѾȼյ˼ˡ
ڣѾʼ䡣
ЩλǣҲʼ֧Ųסˡ
ʼϣǿսݣҲֻһֻϡѩЦ
֮ˣҲûҪˣֱӴ
λıƽڵһǿߣʱеһ
Ҳˡ
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Ҷ죡
Ҷ죡
Լһڻŵǿߣʱ˷ܡ
Ҷɨһۣʱüͷһ壬Ȼ֪ЩȼվѪˣѾȻչˡ
ָƣһжˡҶæ˵
Ҳǰ׳գ˳ȼվѪ״̬ʼָơ
ǴʱѾûжսˣҶڣǾ͸оһİ
Ȼʱ񾳽磡۾Щš
ǿ٣λɽٶҪپȻǵǿôࡣѩɫЩѿ
ΪǷǳԽǿ󣬳ΪʵԽǿ
ҶûнǰѾλʵһ֮󣬿ֱӾλʵԺǿˡ
ɹɽ٣ѩһɱҶ죬ǿֲ٣ʱӦʵ˸ӿֲܡ
ˣ𾪵ѩȫƴΪԤ٣ٰҲֽȥˣԺɱλˡ
ԼҶһЦͷϿյ٣һӽս֮У漴һƺѩ
̫֮ƣ
񾳽Ҷһ̫֮ƣױȵǿǿնˡ
ѩȭѩһȭӭȥǼգ춼Ǳѩڷ衣
䣡
֮Уȭƽ˿ֲ죬춯أ
һ֮ҶֺˣǱѩ
ʲôԶ𾪺Ͳš
ⲻܣѩǵɴ۾ŶҶ죬ղһ˲Ŀֲе
Ÿոս񾳽磬ʵȻҪǿһ֣츳Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ߣҶЦĽԤ֮С
Ѿ̤񾳽磬ѳɣǺڰǵ˭Ҳ޾塣
ҶѩнһƬ׺˶ûˡ
ȻıѩҲòȥԤ٣ðܵĹҶ컹Ҫֲ
ѩУǱѩñ׵ƣⲨ׺ֱʹ衣
ȫҵģߣҶЦţһȭ俪׺ǿ֮ϣ
ҹѩǳѾõλҲ׺ɱҶ졣
Ҫɱ㣡ѩʱҲܲ˺ڰ۾ɱҶ죬µıѩӶΧ¶Ƚ͵˾Ա㡣
ƺռ䶼ˡ
٣
ȻҶһֱ貵񵶣˲񷣬˺ʱգֱӾڱѩһѪۡ
Ȼ˵ҵ壡ѩһ󾪺嶼Ҫˡ
ĵԶҲ𾪡
ֻأҶ𣬿ֲĺӿƺƵûǿգ֮󣬺ѩ
û뵽һҲᣡѩʧɫֻľУзǳ־壬ΪҪǿİħʣǱһиɱˡ
ǵľڰ񣬶Ǳһش


1099 ̫
Ҷһֻأס˱ѩûʲôֵ㱻ǹɿֲĺûˡ
ȻһеҶԴ٣ֻǳٵƣѩһ˿˿ѷ죬ֻ첲ٵˡ
ѩȴϲЦԭֻǵڶʽֻأСӸղŵһ㲢ûеõֻ洫
𣿡ҶЦûм֣ΪеĽƣһκһˣǷڵ׺ǿն𵴡
ѩɫһ䣬Ϊǿֲ٣ͬҶĻҪֲ
¡¡
˶׸ûˡ
Ҷ˫ֳǰƳһž޴̫ͼʱ棬Ž׵
ĽףҪֵðҶǿ塣
һߵıѩͱҶֻغشʱٱ׺ֱӾͱˡ
λǳӲǿֲĽҲκβˣܿ壬ֻ˵˱ԴɫЩѿѡ
ɱ
ûз˵ȵ׹ȥ֮ٴɱ˴ˡ
һ֮µ۷֮սһ𾪲ѣսȰħʺʥħ𣬻ʶԻ˿
ԶȴǲҲ֣ΪٲָԤ٣ٵͻǿܶ౶ʱҶȻҪҲɡ
ֻܿѩֶˣֻǱѩЩֹۣҶ񾳽֮󣬱ͱǿһЩʱѩѾܵش͸ӲҶĶˡ
ÿһεĽ棬ѩȻûܣǿɫ֪ƷǳϾµֵסҶĽˡ
û뵽Сӽôǿ󣡡ʼЩˣ֪ҶǿǵͲô⣬ӦֱӰҶɲзϣȻ󽻸ڰ
ڣ˵ʲôҲˡ
ҶѾ̤񾳽磬ѳɣǼ֣ҲκβҶ졣
ѩҶ٣ӣξ㲻Ҳòȥˡ
û뵽ӻɳز˵תħʿ֮еҶ죬۾ɵһС
սҷģʥħһŭȣʥħȻΪһ壬Ϊһħ֮Űħʺ
е˼ħʶʱ¶֮ɫ̧һȭȴǳҵĵâնֱۣѪӿ
ʥħ𣡡ħʲϲЦ͵ֱָ֮ȫ
Ļں棡ʥħһֳħ֮Űħɱ
Գˣħʵı廹ǷǳǿģҲᱻƳɷˡħʺٺһЦ˶ʱһͷ޴İħӴһɽͷ
𣡡ħʴһɽѣƺƵͬˮһϯȥΧһſ
ħңһʥħһȫ¶貵Ĺâһҵĵâϱ֮۳һħ֮ն򰵺ħʡ
¡¡
ħӴϵܵЩħ֮ĹƬһƬѪ׷ɡ
ȻǾ޴βͣǺݺݵʥħ
䣡ʥħѪɳȥܵش嶼ѿæ߶Դָ
ħҲûкܣ̫ܵ˵Ĵˣһ㶼ʥħ֮¡
ֻ˵˫һƽ֡
һߣʴ·磬ֻǿķֵʵĹ
û취ƿźڰʥħǿˣȻǶ֡
ֻҪܻҲǶʱڿõġ
Ϊ֮һȻǿ죬һʵȻǳֲ
ʾù£ЩŭԿһߵıѩҶѹŴо͸żˡ
ڸʲôֶܳԸҶ죬ҶԸ𡣡ʺɸֵضŭ
ʱȻæɱȥ
Ȼ嵽·ϣһֻ޴Ľɫƣһͷĵķ飬ֻʣһö񣬴žֵĲҽУԶ
һһŹƽ㻹ǹɡ֮Уһ
˲ɵ𾪵ؿȥȴһ߰˳ߵĹͷ󺺣ɢųҵĽɫԣ̤֮һȭͺ˲񷡣
˵Ӱ̫ΰˣʮصһ֣ʱڳ˵ɫʣҶͷϿյٶȻʧɫˡ
ԶսʥħͰħʣϵ޵ƸȥˣֱΨ޵
̫𣡡
һλѾ˳ս񣬲ɵ˷ܵؾ
ʱǿնˡ
˵Ŀ⣬ǵΰĽɫӰͬһ޵еս̤նÿһǳⷽ涼ս
̫һʱȵ۷ǿߣڰֹܹħʣǿա
ĵǿնˡ
Զʼ˺롣
̫Ҳһ̫֮ƣʱкڰҲòȥ
ˣҲǱͱѩòзϡ
ʵ̫Ҳﲻǡ
ǿ̫ʷǳɵǺͺڰֵľǿߣǿԶԸġ
̫磡
ԶҶһףϲɫ
̫˹ȥʱ¶Цݣ˵Ҷֵܣٴμˣ
ҶҲǳˣ£ٴμ̫ˡ
̫𣡡ѩ̫𣬶ʱʧɫ
۸Ҷֵܣ̫𿴵ѩɵһһ̤˲ͳǰŰĽƣһƺ
¡¡
ǰĽɫӡʱѹһƬ磬ѩͽƶС
̫̫֮ʩչֱԴݻǿգƬʱռ䶼ˡ
ѩȻ֪̫Ŀ£˵֪ղҲ³ҪΪӵÿ죬ƾҪˡ
ԣѩæȫսһҲأ˶ɢΧһƬǿնˡ
Ȼûãǽɫӡѹ£һжᣬѩˡ
ѩ˳Ҫߣ̫һһ׷˱ѩһȭͺö
Ǻö
ҶЦţѩƬǼǵľѩӵк֮壬ԺѩƬһа
Ҷֵܣȶɽٰɣ̫գЦ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ʼɽ١
ԶħѾʥħսںڰڣŶ̫
ڰû뵽һ񣬾Ȼ߷ʬ嵱С̫Űħʣмغߵ


ʮž ǰ


1100 
̫ʵȻ˲Ϳ˰ħʵݣҵֻɱħʱ̫ԱǣסڰģǳħѾˡ
ߣ
̫ĲмħһĿȴɨΧգȻ̫ˣֻأ
ֻ
ŰħʵĻǿնһ
֣ƴһħԣ˶̲סס˺ɫء
ЩڰǣҲͫһоһǿѹ
ֻɲ쳹۹أ쳹ʱȡ
һսֺֻɱ˰ħʣǺͺڰܾˣһսųƾ˫
ǿ̫𣬶ֻĹâˡ
ңֻ̫ʦֵܣʱ̫ˣٵֻ
ֻ˵ȴ˰죬Ҳûмֻ֡
̫Цڰ񣬲żʦ۹ص㡣ҾҲȥ۹ˣɡ
˵գ̫㳯Űħɱȥһ̫֮ƣչϵ޵еĿֲǿնˡ
ƾһˣãҵҪЩ굽״ﵽʲôزħһչֱ壬Ǿ޴һƬƬռ䶼ˣצ˺һУҪ̫֮Ƹ˺
̫⣬һƺ£һǰ·ûʲô赲Ǻڰ
־ʮأΨţ˶۷ˡ
䣡
̫֮ƱҵԣɹâǳҫĿȻĿֲ֮ǹɿֲܡ
һֻɫӡǿնˣ·һ漶ľˣһƥ
ЩŰĿռ籩һƸˣԶ٣ҲԵȻʧɫ
̫𣬼ֱһ޵еĽɫս
ǿǣǺڰǣ𺳡
ʥħ磬㿴ֵ̫ǲͻƵǸˣЩʵ
ʥħ۾̾˿˵µĲֵ̫ܵȷͻƵһˣȻܹͻƣֵֻܿ϶ҲͻˣһսǱʤɡ
ãԣʱ̲סеļ˷ܣЦ
ôˣһֱڰѹŴǿ߶һδδս֮У֮䡣
𣬻ǿߣʵѾһҪȥúõһڶ
ڣǿ̫ڵһˡ
Ӧòô򵥡ʥħȴǰҡͷ˷ܲͬȴǴ̫ղŵĻиܵһɸǿҵΣ
Ϊ̫аȺڰһ㶼ºڰôΪʲôֻҪ۹أһأ
֣Ǹ
ÿһսһС
ֻû۹أ˵ˣһΣǸӼɵȺڰΣҪǿ
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䣡
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ħʹȻǿޱȣܿʥħܣһ̣ȴ̫֮Ƹ塣
һѣǿȻͱ̫֮Ƹˡ
찡ԶڰӪУ̲סһ¡
Լܹӳһˣħʶ̫֮һӺ壬֪֮ǰ̫壬飬ûȫʩչ
ĻҪͱѩһˣƬ
̫û뵽㾹ȻͻƵλ۷徳磬ҵСˡУһ
İħУһźɫ۳һΰӰ·һУϵ£֮С
ͫ׶ʱһ
ʣǺڰȻֻһʶϣȻ
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Ǵ̫ȫԿڰķˣԳװȫˡ
һȺ˳սǿ̲ס
ϧǳһһδսʱͻˣҲԶûлˡ̫𱳸˫֣ضźڰ˵
ڰɭȻһЦɭѾǸˣͻƵĵȷѾˡ
ˣ
ʲô˼
˵ǿǳɻ󣬾ڰǣҲһɡ
ǣҲǳɻ֮ɫ
ǶܹóȻ̫ͻˣǺ񲢲ˡ෴ڰȻ̫ٵ˰ħʵ壬ȴȻ˲ѡ
һ˿ЩͿˡ
ʥħ磬⵽ʲô飿𲻽ʵ
ʥħҡҡͷ˵Ӧֻغ̫λϵܷʲô飬ʲôҪȻȥѯλϵܹ֪ܲ
ˣʲô飬Ⱥڰҡҡͷ棬ɱȺڰ
ʼԦźڰæס˻
ʥħûסֻһγ֣һɱ˹ȥ
ʼ״ﻹͣ˻˴Ӫͬһ֣Żʥħȥ
ͬʱҲЩڰǣִƺƵ캳أͬһƬ貵ӣʥħһûˡ
ǿ֮е̫ûг֣ضźڰѯʵ֪ΪʲôʹɹˣҲõΪѾ˱һ֣ҲǱ˶ѡ
˵Ǿ𣿡ڰЦڣ֪ҪңҺγǡڽûг֮ǰ˭ĴӮң㲻ֻ֪Ҳ֪
ѵûһ㣡̫¶Цݡ
ţڰɫһ
ǰ𣿱ˣһУֲõġ㡢ң飬ʵһöӡƾһöӣҲҪֱ̣ǳ롣̫м˵
ڰԣɫڱˡ
ôɵҲɵ𣬸Ӳɵֻ̫
ɵǸѾǧ
ȻѾˣϾ棬ϵĴڣһţ棬ߴ򣬶Ҫ֡
޵Ȼ˼Ūһżѵûһƻ
ڰţҲţԲܡ
ôΪӪȴ򣬾Ϊµδֶ֪Ρ
ҲΪδ֪еɵе־塣
Ϊһе
䣡
ڴʱҶڶ٣һƬ׺г˳˶ɢһ޵еǵصͷųһƬǿնڷڡ
ڰպÿһĻɵʧ𣡡


1101 һսƽ
𣿡
Ҷոնɹ٣˺ڰľɵתͷȥɻ
ڰʱѾָ侲ˣؿҶһۣ˸ųҵĹâ
ԭˣѹСŨ񡣡ڰջĿ⣬¿̫˵Щ㣬ֻʼն޹ءòҪ֣˵ңҲŹǵġ
̰ԭúõƫƫȡĶܵӦеĳͷ̫ߵ
Ѿһǧˣ˵ѾˣţҲ޷ֹҡڰٶԣӰȥʧ֮С
̫磡Ҷ˹˷֮ɫ
̫ЦſҶ죬ͷСëѾɳΪˡ
ҶٺЦţ˵Щʲôȴ͵رһϤŭ
ԭʥħ֣ȻڰˣУˣڱŭѡ
Щʵȷ̫͵ص˵ͷ
˵գ̫Ҷ죬ЦߣȺڰٻ۹ء
ãҶԴһȳڰĴ
֮ǰܵͱѩ׷ɱ䣬۵ĵǶˡ
ŭҶѾ̲סˣʱ÷й
̫֮ƣ
̫һƶźڰĴȥĿʣǺ嫵ӵ磬һƬǿնѹסˡ
ʴʱԦźڰ߻ȺټʱʵȻʥħ𶼸ɳȥˡ
ǻס̫֮ơ
̫һƣҲشĲᡣ
屬ըһЩǿѿܵش
ҲһѪɫɷףֵؿŶ̫
ʣǵĺڰѾˡ̫Ц˫֣ȫɣɢһɿֲǿơ
Ⱥڰڶ࣬ڿΰӰʱҲɵõһ
𣿡
ⲻܣ
޵еģ

һȺڰǴ
ȻҲһЩڰǣ¶ԥɵĿ⡣
ΪڰںǣˣϾǰʥħͲǿԶԸģһǿ̫
иո̤񾳽磬ΪҶ졣
λڴˣȴֻʣʺԲһĶ֡

һߣҶʥħͻڻ֮£ɱ˺ڰĴ֮Уһҵĵâ˺գɨǧնɱĺڰ
СӣΪ񾳽ҿ𣿡ŭȻɵʥħͻ𣬵ҲɵҶ졣
ңŭǣҶʩչռʱоԼĵܵѹƣеľ޵ڲ
ֱ˼飬Ҫ֪λ񣬺ڰĴս֮һ޵ǿ߰
ȻΪʥħͻĶ֣Ҷ첻ǸողŽ񾳽СëѣԼܹԸ
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̫֮ƣҶû˿⣬һƽźɱûһֻؾͻǳǵʽֻزܹõ
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ҲһɱҶ죬εҶĹԾԼѾҶ׼ȷʵ϶š
ȻҶ챬ռ֮еľ޵ʱеһ·һ㣬̲סһɳ֮⡣
ôˣ𾪿ֵشе
Ѿȫ׼һٻҶ죬ȴû뵽ؼʱ飬ǿһγ˷ɡ
٣ҶбõĹâһѾܾˣ֮ǰļУΪԻ
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䣡
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ۣʱѪɫһƬ԰ף϶ѷ죬ȻҪˡ
ֻͬغ̫֮ƣٲҶԴģҲҶǰǿһС
ܵɵ£ٱٻУʱͱ塣
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Ҫ֪Ҷٺܿ£ҪشȴҲѡ
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ҪԶ٣ŭУȴѾһĨˡ
Զ٣üͷһŭЦͱѩһΧɱҵʱôû뵽һ仰
ʱԣϾҲԶ٣ѻ𶼸ˡ
ԸһССλ㶼ͱѩһ֣ʸ˵Զ٣ߣҶҲЦ
ԣ˵
λ񼶱ǿߣһҶ죬ŭȻˣҪҲҪһ汳
Ҷ죬޵ɱֲĵâһƬҵ⣬ضˡ
¡¡
һƬƥĵ⣬ֱӽҶС
Ȼ֪ҶʵȲϻʥħԶԸҶĻ
Ҫҵ汳Ҷ״һЦеļ֮ɫŨˡ
䣡Ҷʩչ̫ʮʽӿ֮䣬ʱһž޴̫ͼɢҫ۵ԣǰ
䣡һݺݵ̫ͼϣҵĵâ̫ͼΪģ˷
Ҷ̫ͼ棬ȴ˿ްһ󣬱ʩչ١ǿֲ񵶣˺գᴩ񷣬ֱ¡
䣡޵⣬ȴܵһػ˶ɳȥѪ硣
֣ʱɱѾ׼õĻ֣·ĥ˴ḥ̂Ƭ綼ˡ
𷢳һҽУڱˣܵشԵ÷ǳҡ
ħңʥħ˫ֳֵһһڣͬסˣ˻
ʣǿ󲻿һڻɢƬǿա


1102 ֻ
̱ѩ֮Ҳˣڰֻʣһλڼͦţ̫Ŀ͹֮£Ѿֲ˶೤ʱˡ
Ҷ졢ʥħ𡢻նɱ֮󣬳˺ڰ֮󣬿ʼնɱЩǿĺڰ
Щǿǣڿλչ֮Ҳ˷ܵسɱʼɱЩĴܵĺڰ
ЩڰȻڶ࣬Ҷ졢ʥħ𣬻л˵ͳ֮£Ѿ䣬޷
ңЩڰҲɵӣͱѩˣҲΣڵϦʱǲѵ
ںڰ񣬵ڶٳûг֣һְַħʶ̫ɱˣѾʹЩڰʧˡ
ڰ̫֮ЩڰӵøˣҲӣϧ̫ջͱѩһɱˡ
Ҷ죬񾳽ĺڰɱˡʥħŴɱҶ˵
Ҷ˵ͷֻҪû񾳽ĺڰЩ͵ȼĺڰ޷вٶҲûá
ڰȻڶ࣬Ǵﵽ񾳽ȴ٣Ҷ˵׷ɱ֮£ųɾŶɱˡ
ֻкٵһ֣һЩ֮У֪
Щ©֮㣬ҶǲûᣬڰѾûвˡ
ҶǼλȻͣˣЩ񾳽ǿȴȻ׷ɱЩܵĺڰǡ
Щǿ˵ô̫սѱڰɱѪծôܾô׷¡
ܶǿ߶Ѿɱ۾ϾЩˣǸĸֵܣǰ
ҶҲûֹǣЩеĳޣǷйá
ڿԳװˡ
ǿ֮УЩĴɢĺڰǣʱشЦп֮ɫ
ǧսʤˣһֵףʱ̡
ʥħȴһĮȻµ鲻ô򵥣֮ǰ̫ͺڰĶԻͿó
ҶҲĬţ̫ˣڰѵôױ
ʱչ̫˳ˣͻвõ鷢
Ȼ̫Ļҡҡͷ磬̫ˣǰȻʤڴϣѾˡ
˵ţ̫¶Ͼ֮ɫ
ţʲô˼ɻؿ̫
ҶʥħҲ̫ܹôǿ̫˼ɵ϶Ƿ˲õ顣
ֻ̫̾ڰ񲼾ǧ꣬ôʧܣûֻһ߲ŸոƵķأ
ɫһ䣬ȷע⵽˵ģֻ̫ڵʵӦòȺڰɣ뵽Ҳκβ۹ء
ķҺֻصȷаնԸıأ̫Ц
ʲô
ʥħͻԣʱɫ䡣
ҶҲͫ
ͺڰô꣬ǿǷǳֻǺڰ߷ѣֻӵλ۷ս
ĺڰǿ񼶱ǿߣȵλԲҪǿ
̫ǿߣǰҲֻǱɱķݣ˫һ档
ԣҶ̫Ļ֮󣬲ŸеޱȾ
ҪǺڰıˣ弴ٳʮֻ̫Ҳ˼ɱġ
̫ڰıǱµ֮ѵб³õ󷨣ʵ
ԭȵȷǱõ֮УǺ˽˳ҲֻúڰѣʱȽѹˡ̫˵
ʲôˣ𾪵
˭ܾȳڰ񣿡ʥħҲ𾪲ѡ
ֻҶЩ²⡣
̫ҡҡͷʱй¶Ȼ۹صʱҺֻʦٸǡ
ʥħͻԳĬƬ̣漴˵ͷ
ȻȥҺҶֵܶûҪһġ̫˵
ʥħͻʱЩȵؿҶ졣
𲻽ʵ̫ôʶҶֵܣ
ѵ̫ʱֵǿʱ֮𣿵Ҷֵʱ֮ǣ̫ʱҺֻʦܽʶ̫Ц˵
ǿʱ֮ǲѾʧ̫ʱѵֳݴ½ɻ
ҶͫһĵЩΪʱ֮һֱǳô֪ܲ
Ȼ뵽˾𣬴ѵļҲĨˣôʵֲ̫ˡ
̫ؿҶһۣĿдһ˿⣬漴ԻЦ˵ǿʱ̫֮ˣڳҲǻݴ½ʱȥҲ١
˵ĲҶǿʱ֮Ҳǳ档ʥħЦ˵
ʱ֮ǳ̫ʱȴԵһֻǴӺ˵ôһ顣
ԣҲʹգҶ֮󣬱ʥħһһ۹ˡ
޾ǿ֮Уֻʣ̫Ҷˡ
̫硭Ҷ쿴ʥħͻԶȥɵÿڣ漴ͱ̫ϡ
̫ЦЦ漴ƣ¶һ龧ʯɲǼ䱬һѤĹâ
ɹâ۳һΰӰأɢһ޵еϢ
ǡ
ֻ
ֻش磡Ҷʱϲ
ҶֵܣּˡֻȻҲҶ죬Ц˵
һ߷ͶӰ
ҶЩ𾪵ǣڵʵڿֻ֮󣬶оԷɲ⣬·֮ǰڰһ
Ҫ֪ǿ̫ҲûиҶָо
Ҷ첻ʵֻش磬񾳽𣿡
ûУҺʹʦһǴλ۷徳硣ֻЦҡҡͷ
һԵ̫ȴЩĽ˵ֻʦȻһλ۷徳磬ȴѾһ˿ʱ䷨޷͸ʵ
ʱ䷨򣡡
ҶԵɴ۾š
һ򰡣Ŀռ䷨һҲʸķ
֮Уܹ񾳽ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򣬾ҶҲǿǰĿռ䱾Դ˿ռ䷨
ֻȴԼŬʱ䷨츳Ѿÿˡ
Ҳûܹʱ䷨ҲҪлҶֵܵİ㵱֮һƬҶʱЩ򡣶ңڴʽֻ֮󣬱Ѿʱ䷨ıԵαչش˵ʽֻأʱ䷨򡣡ֻ˵
ҶֵܣҲ㻹֪۹صĺϣֻʦܵѾ㲢ˣͬݴ½ǿš̫Ц˵
ڲǰ˺䶯Ҳֻʱ䷨֮ʱںϵ֣ʱһ㣬ҶֲС


1103 ǰ
ʱ䷨򰡣ڰôƴһǧ겼֣Ϊıǵõµʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾Դ
ֻȴƾԼ츳ʱ䷨
Ҷǳ塣
Ҳֻһ˿ƤëѣһôײģҪʱ䷨򣬲֪Ҫꡣֻǫ˵
̫ƲƲ죬˵ҪǱʱ䷨ͽΪˡ
ˣܹôʱ䷨򣬶ֻ˵ȴһˣпڽΪ
ȻСڰǣȴֺСĻᶼûС
˵ˣҶֵܣֹҶֵٻ۹ءֻ漴˵
ŶҶüͷһ壬ѵֻҲ־ı
Ȼֻ˵ʱ䷨֮ұĨȥļ䣬Ҳȫָˡ
Ĩȥ˵ļ䣬ʱ䷨򣬶ֻȻʱ䷨ôȻҲͻָ˵ļ䡣
Ҳֻʦܵİ£ָ˵ļ䡣̫̾
ǳìܣദôʦܣȻǣеŭͱˡ
ô̫ʱ䵽ô£Ҷ첻ʵ
Ȼֻ̫Ѿָˣô飬϶ǳ
Ȼ̫ߵЩͼ޲ʦھŻһ˾͸ˡʱ򣬾ɱʦ𣬲Ҹǵļ䡣
Ҷ𾪣û뵽Ȼ߱ʦ飬ֱ̫治ˣѹ̫Ϻ˶ôŭ
飬Ҳ֪ˣһֱڰУһСֻ˵
̫磬֮ǰ˵ˣĪǾָ𣿡ҶͻȻʵ
֮ǰʥħͻѯʣ̫û˵Ȼʲô˼ɡ
Ǿ𣬶ֻ
̫˵ͷ˵ʥħĿе̫ˣִ֮䣬Ҳ˵׼ص۹صʱٸϸ˵
ôҶ۾һУʵ
ھأӵı㣬ϾʱͿʼһС
żе󷨺εһЩ׶޷ƾڰοԴⶼǽġֻ˵
ʲôҶ𾪣û뵽źڰˣȻ
ϸһ룬ƺʧ֮󣬺ڰͳˡ
δҲ̫ɺˡ
ڷųڰ֮ΪԼĿģʱȣڰıѹˡֻ˵
Ҷٴ𾪣ʱȾȻģ
̫ͣЦʱ漰ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨лҪԲĿռ䷨ȻݲҲܽʱȣֻ¡
뵽ʱȵغǿҶҲɵõ˵ͷ
ֻ˵ǵ̫ˣҲ̫ˣԲγ뷨ʱȾġ
ȻʱȣһͨżеһЩ󷨣Ҷ첻òˡ
Ҷ쵱ѯֻ
ֻҡҡͷ˵;ӦöйأʲôϵǾͲˡ
һ㣬Ǻ̫ȻҶ죬˵һ˻ʸ߹ǣת֮Ǳǣǧ;óѡ
һҶ֪ˣڵһ˻ʵݣҶȴһֱ֪
һ˻ʾǰʱ֮еһƱԴ㵱ںϿռ֮ǵʱ򣬲Ҳ𣿡ֻ˵
Ȼǵһ˻ʣҶ𾪲ѡ
һֱΪǰǾأû뵽Ȼǵһ˻ʡ
ѹֵаȼΪǵһ˻ʡ
Ϊεһ˻ҪڰԨҶ漴ʵ
ΪҪѾȥĻôƽݴ½ɳֻ˵
ô˵ݴ½ֻǾķҶʱȻѹһֱڣûг֡
ôأҶ漴ʵȾҪأǳɵ
Ҳ֪̫ˣһ˻Ҳ޷׽ҪСĵľֻҡҡͷޱص˵
Ҷ˵ͷǸʱͿʼڰУôĲֱȾҪ£˷ǳɵ
ңڰŪɼĿĲô򵥡
ˣ˵ڰıҪˣѵ˵ҶͻȻһ
̫ЦʱѾҪˣʱ򣬺ڰıͻҲΪʲôڰںЩڰˡ
ʱģΪݴ½ǿߡǺڰȴǳգħѪķһδηսʱȾѪҺ˿Ѿܵ汾Դɣ١ֻ˵
Ҷ֪ڰΪʲôһδεطսһʱߡ
ңֻ̫ûеƾʥħôֵܵסڰ֣
ȻⶼǺڰڹˮҪʱȣҪٵʱȡ
һδս֮ѪѾˣԺڰ˵̫ͻƵ̫ˡ
ǰڰѺ󣬱ǲǿߵע⣬Ǿ߷ѾȥѪˡ
ڣֻ̫ҵڰǾ߷Ҳ̫ˡ
ѪѾʼ޷ֹͣʱҪ˶þҪˡ
ʱ򣬺ڰıͻˡ
ڰһ֣¾ĲҲҪʼˣǲúڰʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾ԴҶ찵뵽
֪ݴ½ǧĲ֣ҪĻʱˡ
𡢺ڰǿйء
ǣ˭ʤߣҶ³õȥ
ҶܹеԼеּȣʱ䲻ˡ
ɲϣΪߡ
ǣƾڵʵԶԿˡ
ҶֵܣǲúҪǿȫʱˣȴܻȥҵһ˻ʣӹνѡֻ˵
Ҷ˵ͷһ㣬һ˻Ѿˡ
ҶֵܣǶԲ˸ﲻæ̫̾
λ粻ˣŵһ˻һҰźõġҶ˵
ֻԵ˵ͷ˵ǺεȵȻתˣ϶һжƵˣιҲֻоա
Ҷ˵ͷȻֻ˵ĲܾͿǰĲãϾȥô꣬һʲôʷǾˡ
ˣҶֵܣ㣬ʱȻʮ٣ֻʮʱ䡣סˣʮһȥһҪݴ½ֻҶ˵Ҹ棬ͶӰɢˡ
̫Ҷļ֣ص˵ҶֵܣһҪŻݴ½㡣
ҶʲôҲû˵ֻصص˵ͷ


1104 
ݱ̫Ҷӻƽ𱦺еõĵͼʼȵķȥѾ̫ȥˡ
ڰѾ߳ɣʣµĲΪǣڰķڼѪл۹ء
ԣʱûб֮ǰǷǳȫˡ
Ҷ֪ȫʱֻʮ꣬ʮһڰıͻˡ
ʱݴ½壬ҪԵģͲǺڰķһλˡ
Ȼݴ½õĴػҶȴǳȻҪʱȲѹסڰı壬˵ڰʵǳǿ󣬹⿿õ󣬿²Եֵڰ
ңĿĻȷȻ֪ڼƻʲô
оıȻһ˻֮Узݴ½˼꣬ȻС
ݴ½ˮʵ̫ˡ
Ҷ쵽ڶûиͷԼ磬ȡʯɱеõϵʯ
ʯ֣Ҳùȥˣֱδں͹ȥ
δڡȥҿȷּµģҲǾµģǵһ˻µģµġ
Ҷ۾ڵ˸ųҵľ⡣
ңԿ϶ֵʱ򣬷ǳִ١
Ҷܹ²⵽϶תһ˲䣬ʲôԲ֡
Ϊʱִ̫ˣҲֻü֡
ĺ壬ֻеһ˻ʲˡ
һյףֻܵҵһ˻ʣܽҿҶĿ˸૵漴ʯӿٶȳȡ

ݴ½칬һɫĹ֮У̫ɽȻһ˫貵ӣ˸𲻶Ĺâ
ڿʼ𡭡
̫ɽ̯ƣģһųҵԲ飬ͬ貵ǳһ㣬ҵسķӡҪĿơ
ѳɣҪȥ𣿡̫ɽֻ۾ԹͲʡ
Ҳˣƾʲôƾʲôֻܱƣ
Ҳģҵģһжҵġ
̫ɽͺһһɫԣ˹뿪˾칬ʧһƬãã֮С
칬ڣһȺӼ״ɵ뾪
쿴ǽ̫ɽǰ
Ѿûп̫ɽǰˣû뵽ȻˣǴ顣
ȥ֪ͨ

һȺ˷ܵغ
ھ칬ڵ֮ͥУ칬ĹСѾ˽̫ɽĶɵüͷ
Դʦ뿪֮󣬽ʦЩԾˣô£
Сɻ
Ҷڴˣͻ֣ᷢСѾﵽ񾳽ˡ
Ѿʼںϵ˻ʵʵˣҪ˶ãСܼ̳е˻ʵȫʵΪڶ˻ʡ
ҲΪʵǿС𽥷˽̫ɽĲԾҶߺ󲻾ã̫ɽѡչˣСҲֻסеɻ
Σ̫ɽͻȻ뿪칬һôæСеɻˡ
£С΢΢Ƭ̣һ̤գʧԭء
Ž̫ɽһ·ӹ˱˵ķ֮ء
ѾһƬ棬ﻹҶֲõĴڣһķʥ
С񼶱ǿߣȻͷˡ
֪Ҷ첼õģԾһֱûд󷨡
ʱ̫ɽ󷨵ϿգЦֵͼ󷨣Ҳ㣬ߡ
䣬С㿴˾˵һĻ
ֻ̫ɽһ̽˲˺Ǵ֮У漴һ۵Ľ⣬۳һϤӰ
Ҷ죡
ʦ𣡡Զ֮УСɵ¶֮ɫ
ֻֻ֪ܿǴ۳ķֻҶһξѪȻӵнӽλʵȴûκ˼롣
꣬Ҷ߾ѪʵҲΪػ˵ء
ʱ̫ɽ󷨣ʱҶ߾ѪֻأŽ̫ɽ
ãС״ʱɫһ䣬ǷǳԼʦʵһ߾ѪҲǽ̫ɽԿġ
Ͼ֪̫ɽڶṳ̂ʥ磬ƱҶһо͸ɱˡ
£СҲ˼˶٣æ˳ȵʦСģ
˵֮䣬Ѿˡ
Ȼ̫ɽҪ졣
䣡
ֻҶǾ߾Ѫֱӱ̫ɽһȭ飬ǿú󷽵һƬնˡ
⡭Сʱ֣ͣŵؿǰĽ̫ɽ
ʦ
Сܹ̫ܵɽ겨ʶʦ̫ɽʦʲôʱӵȿµ
Ҷһ߾ѪӽλʵȻ̫ɽһȭ
һ㣬µλϵʵܹõ
̫ɽʲôʱʵô֪
Сгʡ
ԭСһˣܹһ·ôãڵݴ½ҲֻʣСһˡ
ʱ̫ɽתС
ֻϷŰûκεľ֮ɫ·ͷС
ʦ壬ʲôʱģСüע⵽˽̫ɽĹŹֺİЩʵ
񣿡̫ɽȻʧЦСĿ⣬һ˿˵ҵʼﻹҪ񰡣Ǻǣ
һôܣС𾪡
ڿȷǰ˲ʦ̫ɽˣʦ̫ɽʵеֵʱ򣬽̫ɽ겨һ㶼ûб仯
ǲǸеɻ󣿡̫ɽ΢΢ԴĿ⣬С
㵽˭Сʵ
̫ɽ´һС°ͣͷСһܲȻѾʼȫ̳е˻ʵˣ˵Ҳʸ֪ҵĴڡ
䣬̫ɽϱ㱬貵Ĺâɫģɫģɫģкɫġָɫ
ǳҵĹâϵ̫ȻʧɫС۾
ò׵ȵЩâɢ֮һΰӰʱӹâ֮˳Сǰؿ
ʦʦ𣡡Сʱɴ۾ŵؿǰˡ
˴һɫĳۣĺڷһ˫ü֮£ֻ۾·ϵǳ˶ɢһɺ嫵Ϣ
ޱߵС񣬶ܵһɳصѹ
ʱСѾױˣΪ˵ݺҶһģһϢҲһģһ
Ψһͬģ¾˵ͬˡ
ҶУֻбĮȻһ˿һĸ鲨·Ǹ߸ϵ
ҿɲʦ𣬺ߣ˿Сߵ
СϾ񼶱ǿߣټԵȻղȫǱҶ쳤һģһݸסˣʱȴѾָ侲ˣɵóʵ㵽˭
𣡡
ǳһĨЦ˵


1105 
𣡡
Сһֻ۾˲˼顣
Ϲʱߣ칬Ĵʼߣʵ̫ħˣ˭Ҫ𺳡
ֻСɵǣôԼʦ𳤵һģһɫ֮⣬ʲôһ
Ĳһģһ۾ӦΪԼʦˡ
СһԱ߿ţֱ۸ƳСһۣ漴תѾƿ󷨡
һƿ¶һ󷨹âķɢաƣ֮н֯ţһµĿռ䷨򲨶ӳȥ
ʲô󷨣
Сʱ֮ɫ
ĸӦ֮Уǰͨݴ½ĵݴ½ٿС˵ݴ½Ѿγһ壬ܲɷ֡
СȻ󷨣ڴﵽ񾳽֮ҲȥڼʶЩǿ
ڵЩҲ޷ǰᲢۣǼֱĲࡣ
ңУСܵ˺ǿҵĿռ䷨򲨶
ǿռ䴫󣬵вͬСɻ˽٣ϾľԻܹһЩ
СӣⲻǴ󣬶ǿռתһ󷨣ݴ½뿪ƬǿգָꡣЦ˵
Сޱ𶯣ȻԽݴ½뵽ǿգֶҲ̫˰ɡ
ңɵǣ˭ܲóôǿ󷨡
һ㣬ûж˵ʱѾ֮Уƶ·ѹ£һԲԲĹţʱγһžǡ
¡¡
޴ǳɢҫ۵ԣֲգض𶯡
ǡСɵöݣΪžϣܵʱռʵ̫ˡ
Ҷڴˣͻ֪ʱ֮ǡ
ԭʱ֮һֱš
䣡
˿̣ʱ֮ھ𶯣ɢһµԣƺҪƿء
Ǿ̫ǿˣһ˫֮貵⣬γɴִʱ֮ס
䣡
ʱ֮ƺǳŭȴʼѲãѹȥ
ߣҵòĶҲõȸҺúô棬ҽ֮ȡ㡣
Цš
ʱ֮վѹ˿ռתУһ֮Уʱ֮ǱҲұʵʵ
ƺʱ֮Ǻǹ˼ɡ
һУҲһ󣬽ռתӡ
ңԿóõ󣬱֮ǰҶ첼õ󷨣ȴǿ̫ˡ
СЩڵҲȲϾõ󷨡
ɴ˿ɼĳɾͣЩҪĪ⡣
ˣˣڸ룬ôСһˡ
һУתؿŲԶС
һ˲䣬Сܵһɾ޴ѹľ磬ܵԼڲ·Ը߸ϵһ㡣
ôܣ
Сг𾪣ȻŸոս񾳽粻ãʵҲλ񡣾λҲָоôôǿ
ţһ룬ô˵ҲǾ칬Ĺҵĺ󱲣Ǿɱ㣬ǿ»˾ԴС
°ͣС˵
Ƭ̣еɱ㻺С֮ǰܵǹѹҲѸʧֻѾһ亹ˡ
ɱ㲻УǿԷӡһʱ䣡˵գƳСѹȥƽƣ˲串񷣬һѾסС
˻ȭСںϵ˻ʴе˻ȭǿ
λСҲĿԻܣٲ·
Ȼֲһȭȴ岻Ǿ޴ơ
¡¡
ЦǾ޴ƣͨɫ˸ųҵķĹâһµķн֯γ
䣡
СӶһ˫ɫȭƲ񷣬ݺݵغֻɫľ档
ϧ˿ƾСǳҵȭĴҲֻ𶯡
ǾƣȴգСס޷ѡ
ſңСŭ
һҫ۵⣬Ŷǳֲһ飬ݴ½𶯡
ϧһУסˣˣ֪﷢ʲô飬Ϊڴء
Сӡ˵صס
Һúôɣ۳һɫ񶦣ѹС֮ϣСһʵ޷չֻ֣ܱڵصס
ⷽ漴ƽֻ¾ǿӰ޷֮С
ĲˣôˣڵȵһˡһʧƬ֮С

ȣλںڰԨġ
ﵽأЩλ̤ȥǾһܹų
ΪˣԺ˵ء
Ȼ죬һɫǳ۵꣬ȴһǣӲԶ֮нٴ˵ء
ʣҶ졣
ջƽ𱦺еһ˻µĵͼҶһ·Ѱҵ֮ͣ⡣
ǰƬǿգΣյϢһأ·̫ŵ֮ſѪڣȴŲ֪˳ȥ
ˣһǣҡҶɫصؿǰǿգͬʱһɻ
Ϊʱоڤڤ֮з·һصǣҪ֮С
һ֮еĹ
ѵǵһ˻ʣҶа뵽Ҳֻһ²⣬Ͼһ˻ǰһƱԴ֮϶ϵ
뵽Ҷϸشȡ
ǰȣǿ϶Ҫȥģֻܵˡ
;𲼾̫ˣʵĪ⣬Ҫǵ֮룬Ǿͱõһ˻ʵİ
ıؾ֮·޷˲ֻӲͷƤǰߡ
ҪôҪôûе·ߡ
ֻгΣգҪȥҲѡ
һˣ»ûнȣѾˡ
Һõһ˻׼ȷ·ߣȻǳΣգٱԼӲöˡ
Ҷյͼȷһ·Ȼûԥ·ȡ
ܿ죬Ҷ˵һأſֲ쫷磬ͨķ磬ǿԴɢ籩
ôǿҲ޷ֲֿ籩ᴩ͸ɢꡣ
Ҷһ̤ȥо䣬·Ҫ壬һŵæչʥ壬һȵĽɫѪ𶯲񷣬籩֡
Ѫƣ֡
ӵǿѪԵֵ籩صһ˻ѡ룬ҲϵҶӵʥԵʡ


1106 һ
籩ҶһƬأŰɫĻ棬¶ȼߣ嶼սˣŵæ뿪˵ء
ò׳ȥˣҶҲջ˴룬νǾޱȡ
Ҷɹ˼أÿһΣһ񣬿ˡ
ҲֻҶǿλʵһ·ֵڣˣҲ˼Ρ
ǳӲջǰ֮С
ڷǳңҶһ̤еʱ򣬶ʱɫ䡣
ÿֲĿռ䷨򣡡
Ҷֻüһ˱Ѿʧǿ֮С
һ̣ΧľɫѸת䣬ҶѾڼʮɵĸ̨ϣŸ̨棬ȫһƬơ
ڸ̨ϣڶġ
ţ
˵òҶʱüͷһ˼顣
Ϊ˸һģһ
һ˴ŽɫĳۣһȲģҶƣѾ꣬Ե÷ǳء
ͬʱϣҶܵһɳҵѪ糤ӣƺƵӿȡ
ֻҶɻǣھȻûĲ·һһ
ֱߵǸӣҲһӣֱҶһģӿ̳ġһɫۣǴһ˿԰ϷŰЦݣŶĽˡ
ҶֵǣϿȥʱȴûпһӡ
ֻнмһŰɫӣָͣڰУ֪Ѿ˶꣬û¡
ʱ·𶨸һɲǡ
ιû°ɣҶ첻ɵǰȥŽӺӻ˻֣Ȼһ·ҶĴڡ
Ҷʱü˵˭ѵֻͶӰΪһ
Ҷ̲ס̽ȥȴԼƴ֮д˹ȥ·һƬʲôҲ
ȻˣֻһӰ
Ҷʱᣬܹۿ
ΪʲôһΣնûУ澹Ȼ˿ֲĿռ䷨򣬸ֿռδλҪȥ鷳
ҶĿɨܣ۶ɫÿռ䷨̽Ƭ򣬽ȴʲôҲûз֡
Ŀռ䷨̫ǿˣŵҶĿռ䷨Ŀռ֮һʧȥá
ȻҲһöûУֻǼ˺ܶ࣬ȫԺԲơ
ô궼ûӣ㻹ɣͻȻһҶܵĿռ䶼һ
ţҶʱ𾪵ػͷȥ
˵λ꣬΢΢ϵЦݣһ˿ͼЦڵĿ⣬ҲָһЩɫʣ˶ɢһʵĹΡ
˵ˣҶ¶֮ɫͬʱĿҲӡ
ӼЦһＸ꣬ΪɹҲ̫СˣеһУҵ֮УϾֻһԴǱ岻ͬն
ˣ
ȻһҶ궼һ
ǰĽ˵ˡ
һ˫ǵĿ⣬ͬ嫺һ䣬ؿŶӣƽ峺
ţüͷһϷŰɫһ䣬Ŀʱͬһ񵶡
һ̣ҶܵһɳصѹȸУǹǿƣ޷ӽˡ
ʵѾˣֻûзְˡӵ˵գеǿӣʱһâɢˡ
ͬʱǰ̣ҲǱһҵĹâڰֳһ׳ĵͼ
⸱ͼҶҲǳϤΪݴ½ֻڵݴ½кܶطı˺ܶࡣ
뵽˵ĶԻǶ˼꣬Ȼ϶Ǽǰݴ½ͼ
㶼𣿡ָ̧һָطÿָһطӱɫһ֡
󣬽ӵָָ˷֮صʱӶʱվһǿϢϱʱǰ̸ݻˣǸݴ½ĵͼҲʧˡ
˿⣬ֻǵؿǰӣЦ˵̵ְô꣬ô꣬ʵһжڱ֮Уֻǽƾͼƣͽ¡
ⲻܣ
ӵɴ۾ŭת֮ʱûнʱ䷨Բ磬Լϵһ֣ô֪һС
ˣһֵһ˲䣬˴Բʱ䷨򡣡΢΢Ц
ô̵ʱ䡭ҪȴһҲ˵Ļ
̾Բʱ䷨Զ֪ʱ䷨Ŀ£ȻֻǶ̶̵һ˲䣬Ѿͨʱ䳤ӣ֪һСʱ޷ں϶ȥһҲͲתˣֱӿս֮ˡ
ȻˣΪҪˣ˵
ЦˣҲڴˣĺһֱ֮
Ϊǻͬı𣬻κһ𣿺ߣߵ
ˣֻҪǵıԴ֮мɣļ仹ᱣ档˵תʵǽһֳѣԽԼԽֻأܳԽˡӵ˵
ùȥ𣿡Ц֮ɫ
ģΪ̰㲼ָ硣˵գĿתһҶ졣
Ҷʱһɵʵǵ˭
µһƱԴҲԽҵһ˻ʡЦ˵
𣡡ضҶ죬Ŀ˸Ĺâ֪Щʲô
ǣ
Ҷԣʱʧɫ
ȻʱҶȻоԼ緢䣬һǿ֮б˳磬ʼ𽥿壬뵽֮С
ǡ
Ҷʱɫ䣬æ֮̽Уͫһŵصɴ۾
ԭ֮УһִķѰϱ綼
һ˲䣬Ҷʧȥ˶ƿأǹɿµͨڣ
Ѱ󡭡㡭㵽˭Ҷŭ
ʱףԼô꣬һ·ԼɳѰ󣬾ȻĻ֡
ô˰ɣѰһЦ壬ʱ仯ӣͷųһɹǿ
ҶɫѿԭֹǾڼǿ£һֱڶڼ
ѹֵѰᷢɱ󣬸鶼ڲٿһУһ֮С
⵽ô£Ҷһֵ֣һ߿һ˻ʡ
һ˻ʿ˵ռ䷨Ϊʱ䷨Ϊأ걾˴ԲĿռ䷨򣬵ȴûԲʱ䷨ԼҲû뵽תһ˲䣬Ȼѳ壬ֱǹȥ
Ҷԣʱ뵽ԼеʯǵŹȥںδ֡
ԭǴľ˼


1107 ں
Ǿǹȥδһ˻ʿҶ죬˵
һжѾˡ
תڽֻصһɲǣ˴Բʱ䷨򣬴Ӷһ֣ѳ˹ȥδ𡱣Ҷ족
Ϊʱ൱ڣܼ̳һС
δ͹ȥȴ޷ֻأֻһǰһһΪһΪ
ȵɳΪ֮󣬱ںʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾Դ̳һС
ʱ򣬹ȥδҲҪ뱾壬ʵֹһ
ĳѣ
ô˵ʱ֮ǲûеǣҶɫѿ˵֪Լƭˡ
ǣҲͱˣ񡣡һ˻ʵ˵
Ҷ˵һ˻һۣ漴ٶԣȫֵ֡
ⲻεսǾεսΪҪҶ񣬲ǻɱҶ졣
ˣҶЦ
Ȼǿ󣬵ȴǿ󣬷·ȱһټֹ˼ɣ޷Ҷķ
ȻΪҶ괦֮У񱣻
൱ڰҲʮԼʵǿҲ޷
ҶҲ֮У޷ѣһֻʣĽһһ
㻹𣿡һ˻ʿ֮еҶ죬ɵЦſ˾
Ц˼ʧˣҵı岻ֻҵһ߷
ŶδȻ㿴һδһ˻Щȵ˵
ߣ߲
δһΣûñǰֻԼһ߷ڴ˵ء
ֻǵһ˻ʿûʲô⣬Ȼһ΢Цͬʤȯա
þֲõԤУ΢΢һ
ʱͻȻҶڴķŭ𣺡ȻǷˣôõĻᣬ˷ˡ
ţԣɫʱһ䣬漴ؿһ˻ʡ
걾ڴһ֣תģΨһȡ֮ĵطŭ
ԣɫѿˡ
δԿ͸δȴ޷͸ȥ֪һС
Ϊǵһ˻壬ûñǰԭΪһж֮Уû뵽ȻǱһ˻ʸˣˡ
ȻԿ͸δΪһ㣬ǳţһж֮Сұһ㣬ŹˣҾ϶㲻Ա׷ҡһ˻Цſɫľ
δǹȥѾҡδֻǱӪļ󣬿㻹šŭĴϵһУȴû뵽Ȼô޴ȻԼļ
ѹҸоô˳˿̵ɫѾһƬڡ
Щ꣬һУδܾһж֮УϾδκһ仯Ԥ֮УδǾ̫׳ˡ
ֻû뵽ȻԲʱ䷨ʱ򣬱Ѿ㵽δһУҽδʱ䳤Ӹı䣬δ˱仯
Ҳ˵ôĲ֣Ǵģڱ֮С
ⲻܣվɫ粻ʵ޷һС
ûʲôܣо仰˵úã˵ı㡣ΪһУ㵽δȴֻ֪Ǳµݽһ˻Ц
ŭȵ
㣡һ˻ЦþǰսԼں棬ÿһУȴ֪һ
ҺΣߵ
㿴ʲôһ˻ԣƣһŲɫĹâʱֶҶƯ
ʱ䱾ԴһԵľʱ
㾹Ȼʱ֮еʱ䱾Դˡŭӣ漴뵽ʲô͵شʱ֮ǲǱƿôʱ䱾Դʧȥ㶼ûз֣
ɫޱݺݵضŵһ˻ʣŭڿռתжֽţ
ֻпռתѹʱ֮ǣԵҶΪ֮ͻὫʱ֮ѹڿռתУȴ֪ѾвֶΣνǰ˴æˡһ˻Ц
Цݣȴþеһ󵨺ԭеһв֣ȫڱ֮СʼգҲֻǱһӣһųȫӡ
Ϊʲôŭһ֣ΣƾʲôҪǳȫ
ܹĸãҲлᳬԽġҲʵŭ
ΪǸ˵ǴӱϷѳģ˵Ǵݻġûڣ̸δ͹ȥһ˻ʵҡҡͷ
ʱŲɫĹâѾҶ֮С
һ˲䣬ҶܵһصԼ֮Уʹۣһӱ˲ɫ
ֲɫܴ⣬ǧɫ·ɫʡ
ʱ𣡡Ҷ𾪲ѣоԼ˿Ѿʱ䷨Ȼ٣ȲĿռ䷨򣬵ȴʵڡ
Ҷ죬ȥӦǹȥʱ٣һ˻ʱ˵
ŶҶԣжʱЦ
ʵŭ
ѾˣҶʩչʱ֮߶ʱ٣ֻ꣬𽥱·ƾһ
ʱҶȴоԼ꣬ڲϵرǿ
ɳ©һһ߼٣һࡣ
ǻع鱾ԴںϣһŻһ˻ʽ͵
һԵľ֪ˣ׳Ϊȥˡ
һһ棬ݴ½ʱƾʧˡ
Ҫݴ½֪ˣһ𶯲ѡ
оôһ˻ʿŻ۾Ҷ죬Цʵ
Ϊһ㣬ﵽλ񾳽硣ҶЩ˷ܡ
񾳽֮ҪһΪʵ̫ˡ
۹ôλ񣬻˰ʱ䣬ѽλ񾳽磬ɼѡ
һɲǣҶȴǿ֮һ˿ڰ̤λ񾳽硣
ڶɽ֮Ҷ͵һֱӽλ񾳽磬ֻ츳ǿԲ˿λʵ
ڣҶ챾λľ磬ʵ͸ǿˡ
¾λڵʥħҲа֮һսˡҶ찵뵽
ټʱ֮Ϳռ֮ô̫λ۷ǿߣҶҲаһս
˵ڳϵǿߣҶݺ񾳽ˡ
ˣں˹ȥ֮ٶȸˡʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ԽԲԽǿһ˻˵


1108 ֮
˵һ˻ʵĻҶ첻˵ͷڵȷоԼǿࡣ
ô˵ɣ򣬾ƸһǽֻǸһ㲣
еĲ֪࣬
˵ʲôûҪΪǿ󣬲ٶȲŻ죬Żߵľ硣
ʱЩλλλ񣬾Ϊ̫ˣԼ㼸ȥˣҲѽ񾳽硣
෴Щ콾Ϸ硢޳ǣȴٶȺܿ졣
һǸβˣȰ㻹ɣںϣͻʧȻδһ˻ʿ˵
أߵ
Ȼڹȥһ˻˵ʵÿһ飬ÿһйȥδֻΪ˴Բʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨űʱջңڣʵԭͲ
δȥڣ
ʵֻʱζѡ
һ˻˵ȷȥ꣬壬ڵʱҶȻδˣǷֹܲͬʱΣûʲôͻαɱأҲһδ
δڡȥʱΣֻҪлʱ䷨򣬾Ͳʧһ˻̾
ɫ˱䣬漴ЦȻˣԸһݣҪڣҪδ
ֻһʱĶѣδãһ˻ʵ˵
۾һУߵ㵱Ҳ֪ڲ㲻ģǰ˵ֻҪ޵Уȥδ
һ˻ɫ΢΢һ䣬漴̾˿˵ʲô㣬νֻԶԵģ棬лһ̣˵ˡ
һҶɫһ䣬𾪵ʲôҲܹ𣿡
һ˻ʵ˵ͷ˵ӵ𣬻1200꣬ǰʱ䶨ΪһԪ˵Ѿ˼Ԫĩˣٹһٶ꣬Ҫˡ
ˣЩأҶ첻ɵʵ
һ˻Цһ˲䣬Ҳ򣬻лǿҵʱǸʱܹһַ̤׾磬ܴ෴ṳ̂׾磬ôȫҪ䡣
ô˵νӵԶ£Ҳƭ˵ˡҶʱɫѿˡ
֮֮֮ϲס
ڰô꣬Ҳûа̤׾磬еѶȣ֪
ǵǣһ˻˵ֻҪﵽ׾磬ǵ磬ܹڻ纣棬ʱǿԶǵ磬Ͳˡ
ҶԶʱ˿Ҳѹ֣Ļÿһ𣬶Ҫ顣
ǵΪ綼棬һļ򣬶ʧǵΪȻҲ䵽𾳽磬һжҪȵ浮¿ʼһ˻˵
Ҷɫһ䣬׾һ󿲣ͷ·龳һû泹׻֮ǰ̤׾磬ôһжҪ¿ʼ
ѹֺڰݴ½ô꣬ƻô꣬Ҫõʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾ԴΪܹԪĩ̤׾硣
Ȼ˵ֻҪ׵֮УˣҲΣա
Ƕںڰ˵ô꣬ò״ﵽ񾳽磬ľһӵ䵽𾳽磬±ɱҪܡ
ң浮֮ļ򶼻ı䣬ڰҪ񾳽磬ȴֻ߳ɵĻᣬɻᷢ⡣
ϾɽϵҪȥȴôˡ
ϸһ룬ҶҲܹڰˣ⣬ɲὫʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾Դ͸ڰ
ΪҶҲ뿿̤׾磬Ǹһ𾳽硣
ô˵ҶˣҪںңóı°ɣڴ֮ǰ㻹ôԺڰɣߣ
ߵ
ؿҶһۣ˻ɢ
һͶӰֻҪһܹɢ
ֺαأ̫ͬһ˻ʲɵ̾˿
ڸô죿Ҷ쿴һ˻ʣʵ
˿ҪǣҲõʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾Դںꡣ
һ֣Ѿռ֮ټʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾Դ˵ʤȯˡ
뵽ڰ񣬻оǿҶ㲻κεĴ⡣
Ҳ֪
ϣһ˻ԣҡҡͷ
Ҷʱһ£βŷӦɵɣղŵӰ
װ𿴵ġһ˻ʰҶһۣ˵ܹƵΪȥ޷ı䣬ûԲʱ䷨Ǹ޷ıȥġδȴԸı䣬Ϊδ黹ûзһнпܡ
㲻˵𵱳ѾԤϵһ𣿡Ҷ첻ʵ
֮ҲԤϵһУȴû뵽õȥһͷԲʱ䷨򡣡һ˻ߵ
Ҫ֪һУһǶȥһһ˻漴̾
ȥһѾҵõ𣿡Ҷɻ
һ˻ҡҡͷ˵;һˣδ㣬õ˶ȥһõʲôֱ𣿡
˭ĻһЩҶʱصʵ
£һ˻ʳںõʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾Դȵô꣬ƻһУ˭ʤ˭֮֡
Ҫȡʱ֮𣿡Ҷʵ
ûбҪˣʱ֮Ѿȡʱ䱾ԴʣµҲֻǿռ䱾ԴֻǿһЩĿռ֮ãİѾСˡ
һ˻ҡҡͷ˵ңѹڿռתҲػóȻֻÿռת󱻻ٵ
ռתʲô󷨣Ҷ
ڷ֮طֵһͿݴ½뿪żǱΪ׼һ˻˵
˵һ˻ʵ˫ŶȻˣΪǹ⣬ɢڰС
ң廹ڼɢɢҵĹâһһš
㡭Ҷͫһ
ʱ䱾Դ㣬ҴڵļֵѾûˣǸõɢʱˡһ˻ȴʲôʲôӦЦ˵
ҶĬˣĳЩ˵һ˻Ӧǰ
Ѿˣ棬ֻҶ졣ܻ֪֮Уֻһˣ񾳽õʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾ԴԴ̤𾳽磬ܴıݡ
ңͬʱһΪʸս֮ĳѡ
һ˻ʻû˵꣬Ѿɢˣֻ¿յʯ̨Ҳһһεط飬ֳѷ졣
Ҷһʯ̨㳯ȥ


1109 
ǡ
ʱڵǿߣ˿̶ۼ׼һ𷵻ݴ½
ʱʱȱٻʱ䡣
飬ûмѾˡ
һʼȻһң֮£Щǿߺܿˡ
ڼʶֻ̫ǿ֮еǿ߶ģʱȱˣȻġ
ңôûлصݴ½ЩǿҲڴ

ǵһ֮ۡУϷ硢ҶʥȾ콾һЩҶյǣۼ
û˴ս˶ǷǳɣۼȾ졣
˵Ҷ쵽ȥս޼ֵ˵漴һԵҶʥֶӣҲ֪𣿡
ҶʥЦҡҡͷ
̧ͷ˵̫˵ˣҶҪȥһǳҪ飬Ҫܸ֮ϻݴ½
ڰĴǻˣʲô飿ս޼ƲƲ˵
ڴʱ洫һ
Ϣ仯ˣһλԶ˹
˵ۡڵˣΧһЩ¥ջܶǿߣˡ
ѵʲôų𣿡ս޼мƲƲ죬ʱڵţ󶼼ڲһȵţȴǲǷ
ţڴʱƺյʲôѵϢɵͫһ𾪡
ô£˺ܿ췢䡣
ҲûȵиѸңϵ˱仯Ҷ챾ֻУһΣһγԽֻ𡣡
ʲô
ԣʱһƬ
Ҫ֪ڼʮǰҶͳԽֻ̫ǣλкһ
ֻͻƣ츳ٴһȼҶƽʱѾ˺ܶ˵ע⡣
ֻţ˭֪ǿ츳Ҳܹ⡣
û뵽ŹȥãҶ츳ȻٴǿˣһγԽֻ𣬻Ǳ̬
˵һʲôȥˣʲôȥʵˡս޼ʱĽ֮ɫ
󣬵ȵҶʵȻǿ
ڳһھ콾ܵ˾޴ѹ
ҶһɳһθоҪҶһԽˡ
ﵽ񾳽֮ҪٽһҪʮ꣬ʮʱ䣬ǰŸոս񾳽磬ھͻơ֮̾ɫ
Ѿˡ޳ҡҡͷ±еľˮ
һͷҶȣǾѰ衣
ͻȻվ˵ˣǸûˣղŻϢˣǾҪǰݴ½
Ե˵ͷ
һЩǿߣ̲ס˿ƬϤǿգΪ֪ԺҲûлῴƬϤǿˡ
Щǿߣ̲סˣϾ˼ʮ꣬ϰ꣬˵ǵļҡ
ڣֻһֻأһռѷ죬һǿߣʧڻҵʱ֮С

ڳˣ
⣬ҶЩµؿһأڴϢš
ȵʱеһ˻µ·ָ㣬оա
ǵȵʱҶȴЩ·ȫˣӦ˵ڵĿռ䲻ȶӶǰ·ûˡ
ΪˣҶֻԼһһЩأ˳
ҲҶںʵټʱ֮Ϳռ֮Ҵˡ
ǻ˵Ļ̫ˣҲҪ档
Ҳֻʱ䷨ֻ𣬲ܲȾصĿ¡
ʱ䣬ʱ䣬ʱȾҪˣøϽ뿪ˡҶʱ䣬Ѿȥʮˣɵһ¡
Ҫٳһʱ䣬ˣҲʱһˡ
£Ҷӿٶȣǵķȥ
ΪʱҶֱӶ˿ռ䷨ʵǿ֮󣬿ռ䷨ǿˡ
Ȼ޷ںڰԨ˲ƣҶÿռ䷨ȴǿռ˲һξ롣
ȻҶյĿռ֮ޣֻ˲ƼΡ
ǧС⼸˲ƣҶһľ롣
ԼºҶ뿪˺ڰԨ֮ء
ʶͬˮһӿȥȴҲӦһǿߣȻҶѾ뿪ˡ
Ҷûж룬ֱӳǸȥ֮Ѿȥ¥գֻʣһƬյĳǳأЩػ󷨶ˡ
ʱȣһƬֻʣ¼žǿա
ʱ䣬ҴҶҶһۿյǣ˺ѿռ䣬뿪˴˵ء
һ·˲ƣҶһͣʱѾǺӣ˵ĵһǡ
ͬûˡ
ҶûͣãһŻϣϣֻһСķĹԱ߻һЩƹӣ֪ȥ˶꣬ѾȾ˷ɳ
ѣһˣʱһᣬҲįġ
ҶóһЩˮĹ
˵ǿķĹ
ﵿ죬Ҷһ˲뿪ˣûͣһֱ֮Ĺ
Ҷ𾪵ǣﾹȻһˣôϤôİ
վһĹǰĹĹϣһЩġ֮Ĺ
ˣҶҲʶǾ
ˣûлͷȴƺѾ֪Ҷˣ֮Уûκεľȡ
֪αضʣҶߵ
δδһУǳ
ȻԴҶں˶ȥһ󣬾ܹδѾһģˡ
Ϊʲôһ˻ʻ˵֮ʤ֮ˡ
֪Ĺ˭𣿡ûҶķ̣ȻǰķĹʵ
һĻЩ죬ԼķĹȻͷ㡣
ҶҲЩ棬ɵʵ˭
ǸһмЦ˵ӮóһὫһԽĹ
⻹Ƿ̰
û¾Ҷ죬ȴԼ
˵ңҪ˵Щ𣿡ҶߵĿȴû˿ɵ֮ɫΪıȴ־ûн񾳽磬Ȼֻ񾳽硣
ֻλԲ硣
Ҳǵ겢ûкΪһ壬ԼΪˣҲȻ޷񾳽硣
Ҳʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ټһλԲΪʵɲ⡣
ҶԼҲģ򲻹𣬵Ա
ң֮䲻ɱΪҪ
֮սεս
ùãǿ󣬵ҶոںͬСԾҲ׺Ҷϡ
˶˴˼ɵ


1110 
֮ĹһģһҶڶԳţһĻҪǱݴ½ǿ߷֣һĿɿڴġ
˵˾Ҷ;
һһδ
ΪһЩԭȴͬһʱУӦ˵һ漣ˡ
Ҫ֪ܹһģֻͬʱԲʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨С
棬ǽеļλҲ
ֻҶǰı𣬲תǰˣԲ漣
Ӷһ׳ݴ½
ͽСѹڷ֮ռת֮СҶʣ΢΢һЦ˵
ʲôҶɫʱ
ݴ½ôãҶʲô£¶Է˺ѣŻɵ
ҲʲôڰΣôԸҰɡЦ
֮𣿡Ҷߵ
̫߿ԼˣҲô꣬Ϊ㣿΢΢һĨЦݡ
ѵ𣿡Ҷʵ
ȻǣԤҼɵģֻбҶûзߣм˵
Ѿˣ㾹ȻɵһڵˣҲˣҶͬм
ߣ̫СˣͬʱմԲʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򣬱𵱳ѾתôȫԵ֮ˣ˵ˡߵ
ˣѾˣ㻹ʲôҶȻ֪ǿ󣬷֮ҲƵñ𲻵òתˡ
תǰһЩãʱ䷨򣬸ıһЩδ㵱ǳ̫ţõֶΣ׼¾ѾóˡЦ
Ҷû뵽Ȼ飬вɵôһȻԸıδʵѾˡ
ѹֻ˵ͬʱƿʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򣬱ʸս֮һһϣĪ⡣
¡¡
ͻȻ֮ĹһΧգʼѷ졣
̧ͷŲԶǿգǳһĨɭȻЦݣ˵ǺǣڰҪˣ㻹ǸϽӻݴ½ɡ
Ͳºڰɱңõҵʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾Դ𣿡ҶЦ
ͬʱʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨һڰɱҲ̫ûˡһ𣬳ʱȵĺ˲ƶȥ
һҶüͷ壬ʱ򣬺ڰ񼴽ҪˣʱҲҪٵˣȻ뿪˵أΪΣ
¡¡
Χգڳһ˿һռѷ죬ǿգ֩һ㣬ǵġ
Ҷɫһ䣬ܾʲôĿģڻ뿪ǾҪˡ
ϾһʱȻٵɵĻֲ̫ˣҶ첻ҲҪˡ
Σյ飬ҶɲҴģֻ˺ѿռ䣬ҵݴ½Ŀռڵ㣬һ񵶣ʩչ٣նɱ˹ȥ
ռڵ㣬ʱƥһƣҶ漴УʧһƬĿռ籩֮С
Ҷȥ󲻾ãʱȵնˡ
ռֹ
һִһƬռ֮ΧĿռٶˣһ㣬ڿռ֮У˺ڰԨ
ʱڰԨҲˣһ߿ֲľأĹâ
ֿµǾҲҴ⣬֮ɫСĵš
㣡
ͻȻһӰӻҵ֮д
ĿȥֻƬҵ֮£һӴ壬ڻգɢһɿֲ
ʣǱѹʱĺڰ
һǧѹûúڰɻٻڵȴŵһɶ
ʱڰڻգӿ
Ȼûлָ۷ʵҲǳֲǿϢѹգΧĻҿռ籩ӽá
֮
һλʵǷǳĿ֮󣬵ѹڰı
ѹһǧ꣬㾹Ȼҳǰߣڰ˫貵⣬˺˲գ
䣡һֻ޴ƣǿգЯһͨ쳹صû񷣬žѹ¡
ڰ̫Ӵˣֱһصľˣһֻƣһ̫ϵôһ˫۾ǳ嵹۹Ҳ
壬ԶԶ壬ܹɵҲǳĿֲ
ԣһ˵ûһԽս˵Խ񣬾΢һ¶ܡ
ʵΪʵ̫ˡ
Ǵ˿̣ȴչ𾪵һĻ
ֻ˫ӡܿ۳һɫĳɢյϢһɫĹâնֻ޴ơ
ͣ
ڰױȵľ֣Ȼһɵնˡ
ڰʱ־ŭǰСϣȻӵǿʵǳ֮⡣
£һ˻𣬿ֲƺƵûǿա
ڰҲǾǵ˭ָ𣿡ȥΧһɫĹâЩֵ档

ΧգȫˣʱȣҲˣը
ԭ㣡ڰ⣬գضž
䣡ӴҪȴһǿѹסˣһʱ䣬Ȼ
ĿһЦʱȻûгױ٣һЩڻûн⡣
ߣڰһ˵ʲô
ѣЦ˵һƬɫĹâ֮УΧЩĿռ籩塣
ڰһĻһ˿ĽΪ֪һֱҪõĿռ䱾Դ
أڰ漴ʵг˺ɱ⡣
ʮλλףһżȻ͸ʧż֮С
ֱһ죬ҵ˵Դżڲ
ȴǣǰƺõݽ֮Уʱȸѹˡ
һѹͱѹһǧꡣ
ҿʱָ֣ҰЭ۳ǿķһ߷ݴ½Ǳߣһ߷ʱȡ
Ȼ߷ȴȻ޷ݴ½
ҵıûбʱѹ͵õʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾Դˡڰг˺⡣
һжɵġ
Ժڰǳʹ޲ɱԱǧѹ֮
ڰѾˣҪ𣬿ûˡʱ˵
ˣڰԣɵؿ
Ȼṳ̂񾳽磬һʵǳ£һʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾Դôܾôɵء
ңڰǳʱݴ½û˿ɱ


1111 ʱ
Ĳ֮£
˵
ڰԶʱͫһһɵĴڣʲôˣ£ֻҪ漰Ƕǳֲ׶ҪСĽ
𿴺ڰʵôǿ󣬵ż֮У˭ҪСġ
ôСжûзعݴ½
Ϊںĺ֡
ѾˣĶҲʲô˶Ⱦָġ
ԪҪĻ潫Ҫ𣬺ڰҲһƴˡ
Ϊзǳлһ£ʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾ԴǾ͵ĴУĵĶ
ˣҲҪõԣеѶȣ֪
ʱڰ䣬еĵǾ͸ǿˡ
Ȼľ粻;һƿʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ʵ˶١
ңżǳϤˣɼΣճ̶ȡ
к£ڰ漴ĿŶľ𣬳˵ٹãʱڵƬʱվҪױըˣϾûдﵽ񾳽磬㲻Ҳˡ
ģûôɵֻ˵仰ѡ𵭵˵
ʲôڰߵ
ת֮ˣ˵
ڰͫһ˵ǸҶꣿ
Ѿõʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾ԴҲﵽλ񾳽硣˵
֪ȷпת֮Ҳܹƿʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨˭֪ǲת֮ڰЦ
ʵһֱǳɻǾǹ;ݡ
;ʵһǿҲһʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨żǳϤ
Ǻڰǳתֻ֮һ
һֱ̽ʵݣʧǣ;ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򣬵ȴûʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾Դ
ûбԴǶںڰ˵͸ûһ˿á
ֻнһַ򵽴Բ磬ıԴԴ˵õ˾ַܹˡ
ڰĿģǵõʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ıԴʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ˣлڼԪĩڳΪףڡ
˭ת֮Ŀֻǵõʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾ԴѣԣҶû˿в𵭵˵
ҪҽˣڰЦ
Ҳô˵ģȻոݴ½ͱʱȸѹˡ
һѹѹһǧꡣ
ڰǰ׳գѾϹһεˣʱȻž
ǽˣѾʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򣬸Ҫʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾ԴҪֻҶԣ˵沢ûгͻȫԽˡ˵ͷ˵
Ҳ㣬ҲҪˡڰЦ
ȷбɱҶۿġ𵭶˵
ڰɫһ䣬ŻҪɱǲܵġ
ͬʱƿʱ䷨ռ䷨򣬱ΪҲﵽλԲ磬ȫһսٿ±ֲܡ
ҲΪʲôڰûмֶԸԭΪ֪Լɱ
ʱ䷨úڰֹռ䷨þʱߣķֻҪʵǲ̫Ҳɱ
෴ܹ̤񾳽磬ôɱڰͷǳˡ
ֻǣҶһṳ̂񾳽磬ôδҲͲ̤񾳽磬ֻһֱֹλԲ硣
ãͬˣñˣңƣҵòĶҲõڰĬƬ̣ڵ˵ͷ
ʱ¶Цݣ˵ŶҶżǳ˽⣬ӵʵ֣ʲô֣Ҳκβǡ
ߣڰһ÷ص˵ͷ
¡¡
ʱΧĿռ䣬ԽԽˡ
ʱ棬һǿڻ
ɫһ䣬˵Ҹ뿪ˣ֮Ϊ֮
˵գĿռ֮Уʧ
ߣڰžıӰһ漴Ӵһ𣬱һɿֲܣΧķӡ׸ˡ
һ̣һɿֲĺڰϢͬνһ㣬ޱȣǿա
ڰı˷ӡ

ݴ½
⼸ݴ½һֱڷ֮С
ΪЩʱ̫ʱԶʱϹʱ飬ȫعˡ
ֻ̫𣬻лЩݴ½ʷ϶ʧΰڣҲعˡ
ôع飬ôݴ½ǿ߲ڡ
Ҳһ
Ǿ߸ϵʥѾΪ͵ĵزķ⡣
ݴ½ߣ̸۵Ķĳĳ飬ĳĳ
Щ굱УҪļλ콾Ϲʱļλ
ҪΪǼλ콾ܶ࣬ټʵǳǿȻע
Ϊ񣬻ӵۼΪĴڣȻ̸ݴ½ĵһ壬ҲǶʵû˸ǵĴڡ
оϹʱڷǳӽһЩΰ飬ݴ½֪
ǳĵһʱǳع飬ȻǳˮǴߣΪݴ½ǿ֮һ
лλԶʱĹϵµĺǿ죬Ȼݴ½֮һ
̫̫̫ڣ˭С
н޳ս޼ʱٴ֮н񾳽磬ǵɽׯսңȻҲΪ˶Ĵ
⣬Ϸ硢а֮ߣҲΪһ
ҶĶҶʥҲΪȻʱ̣ʱٴ֮Уȴֲȱݡ
ڵľ칬Ҷʥ򣬼ߵʱҲ˸ҷ
ȻһҪԭǾҶʥĸҶ죬ĵλ죬˭ҵ
һЩС壬СΪϵع飬𣬳Ϊݴ½Ĵ
ĳ۹һС˵Ѿû䵽ֻʣʮӣҲֻʼѡ
˭뵽Сһɵķ֧Ǹɵ۹صһλ
Ȼڵݴ½ȴȻǳϡ٣Сһλ̾ͳΪƬɣŵӶҪɡ
Ȼ˻ϲҲ˷
һЩСɣΪڵĻع飬Ӷ𣬳ΪĴ
һЩɣΪûǿϣȴΪСɡ
˵š쵶šصţΪĻһӴͨɣΪݴ½Ĵ
ڣһλˣǻиˣ˵šصš쵶ȻȻǿ󣬵ֻжһλȫ֮ǰķ⡣
ڵо칬ıӻ̶ס
֮ʱڣݴ½˷츲صĴ仯
Щ飬ûɱЩڽִҲǺƽˡ


1112 ֮ɽ
֣

Ҷ۾ɨΧɵüͷ
ǰӦݴ½Ĵڣ˺ѿռȥ
ڣȴݴ½
һ޴ĹͭɫڿյģʲôûС
ҶͭڣĴ鿴һߣʲôûз֡
ף
ͻȻҶ̧ͷͫײɵһ
ΪһƬ嫵ͼ
ͼ汻˰˸򣬷ֱ򡢶ħħѪħһߴ
⣬ߴ֮⣬һƬߵĵشΪ߻ġ
Ĵ¸𣿡ҶܿŪͼİ£æͼӡ
Ҷ쿪ʼڵͼѰԼڵķλ
Լʱ֮ҶħĽ紦ħһߵ򣬷һ򣬽ϵ
Ҷڵżϵ֮С
ԣϵǳСǵҶ콫Ŵ֮󣬲ŷϵӴ
Ƭϵ֮У̫ϵϵҪӴ
֮УϵŽһСϵѣ滹еϵʹϵ
ϵ֮ϣǾÿٶһϵɣȫ߼ʣ̫Ӵˡ
ߴ򣬱ɣγɵߴǿ
ҶŴħҵ˹λãвɵõһ
Ϊϵ̫ԶˣڼԽʮÿʱÿ̵ʩչ˲ƣҶʵٶҪܸϵõ
Ҷ֪кܶط޷˲ƣʱ仹ҪӳС
ӦûһЩǿĴ󣬷ôԶ·̣ôķôʱϹҶ찵뵽
Ҷ뷨жԣҲд
˵ԣΪȷкܶǿĴ󣬽ЩϵǸ·
˵Ϊּ˵·Ѽʱ
˽꣬Ѽ·˵ȫСһ
ʵϣ֮У˵ֵǮıʱˡ
ֻڰ񼶱ǿߣŻԪĩڣܵʱĽȡ
ΪҪ֮ǰΪףסһΪ뽵͵𾳽磬Ҫ¿ʼ
嫵棬żȷ̫Сˡ
Ҷ콫ͼӡ֮󣬲ɵ̾˿
ʱ˿̣磬
˺嫵棬жپʵĵطʵ˲òڴ
ûм֮ͭжҶӡͼ֮󣬱㳯ŵȥ
ղ˻ɵֻһʯ·ͨԶͷ
ͣҶ쳢Žʶ̽ȥոƬɵ㱻һǿˣһѪɫɷס
ֻʯ·ˡ
ҶµɨΧһۡ
ǰʯ·ΧĿռ䶼ɵ޷ͨС
ʯ·ͨʯɣֻһЩص󷨹̶ԼҶȫҲûһ˿ۼ
Ҷûж룬ż̬֮֮ȣ̤ʯ·ǰȥ
ĪǰµһżߵͬʱҶа뵽
Ҫȥݴ½ȴطֱܹµˣҲֻǰıˡ
뵽Ҷ찲˺ܶ࣬Ϊǰ𲻿ܺ
ҶãһжǰѾƺõģʲôʱ뿪ʱȣᱻ͵
ϾʱȾǰŪġ
ףǣ
ͻȻҶͫһǰһɽ
ɽ̫̫ˣֱƼǧһ𣬵סҶǰ֮·ңҶе𺳵ǣɽ֮ϲ󷨣ͨС
Ǿ·
ԡҶĿһΪǰ𲻿Ūһ·ǰȥɽ·һʯ¼ɽ
һЩϢ
֮ɽҶ쿴ʯϵ֣֣ͨѾ³˹ѧˣʶ
Ȼϣⲻһ·ǰµһԵ
֮ɽϣЩ󷨶ɵͼģңÿ棬ƽķͲõķ
ҪҶ󷨰
ⲻǸڵݴ½һҶ첻ɵƲƲ죬û뵽ǰѧϰ󷨣ѵǰһλʦ
ʵϣҶ첻֪ǣеÿһλÿһλףһλʦ
ΪЩףʱ̫ˣˣǻš
˵ʱֻһ֣ȫдѵʱо󷨣һЩ
ңǾߣ츳ߣоҲǳ㣬Ըʦ
ǻʦʦ
˵ʲôǳͨΪ㹻ʱȥоЩ
֮ɽǰʱ磬ֻҪУʱֹͣԣ滨Ѷ೤ʱ䣬Ҳֻһ˲ѡҶʯϢ¶һ˿ϲɫ
һֱо󷨣Ϊûʱ䡣
ںˣǰõʱ磬Բںʱ䣬ĵоˡ
ˣҺβ˻񾳽磬ʱʲôڰ񣬾𣬶ҵĶˡ
ҶͻȻ˷ܵ뵽
̤֮ɽ󣬾ͶʱƲѡ
Ϊ棬˿ԸӦʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨⣬ʲô򶼱ˣҶ
Ҷ޺ڰ򣬵ȴӦһ˿ڰǴһ꣬Ҳһ㡣
Ҫֻо󷨰ҶЦ
Ȼǰ׼طҶо󷨵ġ
£Ҷóڵõ֪ʶʼ
ĥ󿳲񹤣Ȼɽϵ󷨶ƽͲõķҶ컹ǾãѧϰЩڵ֪ʶԽа
ʱ仩š
Ҷȴû⣬Ϊɹ˶೤ʱ䣬һص棬ʱ仹ǻ͸սʱһ
Ĵͨٿʱ䷨ﵽȳ̶ȣ뻯

ݴ½
칬
ҶʥợľѩõҶһӣɫصؾۼͥĹ֮С
ֵһǣƽʱ֮Ҳһǡ
ֻ츳ȲҶǣһֱŬ˽꣬ռ֮гȻǡ
ʱҶѾǰ۹أֻ˺̫һصݴ½
ҶʥʦܣѾҹܶطˣҲѯʹܶˣûзֶʦܵ䣬н̫ɽʦ壬Ҳ䲻̳˵
Ҷʥԣüͷøˣ˵ҲֻˣҲûзʦֺͽʦ䡣
ˣҸղѯʹ޷磬˵ǰСͶ磬ôȻ֮Ͳˣݴ½ӦûܹвŶԡɻ
үүҲĪʧˣʧٵʱ䶼࣬Ҳ̫ɺ˰ɣҶʥ˵


1113 
Ҷɡ̫ɽСʧٵ⼸꣬þ칬ĸ߲㼱ˡ
Ǽݴ½ȴһ
Ҷʥ󣬸ֻˣҲûҵǵ䣬·ֱӴݴ½ˡ
ֵǣС̫ɽǵˮȱǲû
»ǵȸ׻˵ɣգҶʥҡҡͷ˵
ֻҲ̫ɽ˵䣬οǣֻܵȴҶˡ
ͨˮܹ֪̫ɽ˶ƽģû̫

֮ɽ
ʱҶ죬Ѿо֪ʶˣΪʱԵʣȴûйȥһӡ
֮ڣҶ콫ڵ֪ʶѾȫڻͨΪһʦˡ
Ҷ˵һѵõĻҪûʱ磬ǲܻʱרо󷨵ġ
û뵽󷨵İȻ˺嫣ﵽһ̶ȣҲܹԲ
һʱȥˣҶ컺۾˫ԭҵӣʱȴͬһƬô䡣
ڸոս֮ɽʱҶ죬ʱһЩȣ·ǰ֮ɽ㲻
ǧǧԿԺҪ¹򡣡Ҷ찵뵽
Щ֪ʶ֮Ҷ췢ԼռϵٶҲӿ죬оԼռƺҪͻһƿһµĲˡ
ҶЩ˷ܣоԼռµķ
£Ҷ֮ɽʵǶȥ
ո̤һһ֮Уֻһֵͼ󷨣λ񼶱顣
Ҷ˫һѸգ֮䣬ƽ󷨡
ڵ֪ʶ֪ܹߵһҶ찵뵽漴ʵǣһ󷨣ٴνס
ǹ󷨣µĹâҶɱ
Ҷһ߳һ󷨣ڵ˫֮У˸ųҵ⡣
ûãҶٴ󣬼ʵǡ
ʱ仩ţ
Ҷ֮ɽʵǶȥأԽԽѣЩסϰ꣬ǿ⿪
ֻλ󷨣ȻѾﵽˣҲԣϾֻݴ½֪ʶޡҶüȴûжپȡ
ʱ׼Լ󷨣ǰЩеƽⷽͲ÷оȻƽ󷨡
һȻȫ˺ܶ࣬ٶȣȴԽԽ
Լǧ֮Ҷƽһ󷨣Ҫʱˡ
֪ʱ磬۹ȥʱ䣬޷Ӱ죬Ҷ¶ҪƷˡ
ƽһ֮ҶܹԵظоԼ֪ʶѸ
ʮȥˡ
Ҷִ֮ɽİɽվһɽϣЩƽһ󷨣ʱһкͳɾ͸С
ʮ꣬ƽǧ󷨡
ǰãոƽһ󷨣סһλλ񼶱ǿˡ
ȻڽӴ󷨣Ѿﵽ񼶱ˡ
Ҫ֪۹صЩо˼꣬Ҳʹﵽѡ
˵Ҷڵ֪ʶѾЩƽˡ
ܹó񼶱󷨣ôԺڰıҲηˡҶ̧ͷɽһ¶֮ɫ
£֮ɽʵǶȥ
ʮꡭʮꡭʮꡭ
Ҷ󷨵ĺ֮УԽ԰ΣǷḻʵԽԽ˷ܣԽԽȤ
ʱţֻ֪һζʵǣƽ󷨡
ҶԼҲ֪֪УĳɾͣѾԽЩﵽһľ硣
û취֮ɽ̫ˣҶ㹻ʱо󷨣ɵ͵ߣһо
ڵЩ˵أҲﵽҶڵĳɾ͡
ֻ˵Ҷǰ̫ˣҲֻ𼶱ǿߣŪĵط

ȥˡ
ۣ
һ죬Ҷˡ
һαǰ󷨸˳ܵش
ڵʵʥħˣû뵽Ȼ󷨸شˣѲѾǽӽ񼶱𣿡
ǰ󷨣Ҷ־ϲ
ȥڴﵽһˡ
ԲóԸλ񼶱ǿߵˣ󷨵Ѿ󣬾ҶԼҲû뵽󷨻ǿֵز
һͽӽɽˣҶ̧ͷȥڵһ⣬վڴ˵أѾܹɽϵһˡ
ǰоǰ
⼸ǧҶˣѵɣҶҧҧһһνǰ֮С
ûãҶһѪɳһֱֻ۶ˣɼеΣжô¡
ҾͲˣҶָ˫ۣϥ£ʼǰ󷨡
ʮתۼҶվһһνǰ֮С
һΣҶ˳ˣƵ󷨵ʱҲñˣûΣա
û뵽һ󷨣Ȼķʮʱ䣡
Ҷ쿴Լƽ󷨣һ¡
һοʣµİ󷨣ҶоͳضˣԽ󷨣ѶȱԽ
Ȼһ󷨣Ҷ㻨ʮʱ䣬Žƽ⡣
󷨣Ҷ򻨷һʱ䣬ǿƽɹ
󷨣Ҷ컨ʱ䡭

󷨣סҶһǧʱ䣬ֻһ˵󷨣ҶԼδܹù
ûв´Ѿ񼶱ˣֻ˵ģҶ쿴űԼƽ󷨣п
һǧ߰ˣ
ڽ֮ɽʱҶŽٶѣڣ棬ȴѾһǧʱˣݴ½ʱ仹Ҫ
ΪʱԵʣ沢ûйȥһǧꡣ
ֻǣһҶѾʱ䵱ˡ
ʣ󷨣
Ҷһŵڶȥ
󷨶񼶱ģôʣµ󷨣϶Ҳ񼶱ġ
пǹ͵󷨡
䣡
Ҷµûд󷨵ȷǹ͵󷨣ոսȥܵ˻Ĺ˲飬϶Ѻۡ
ֲһĻŵҶæ߶ʱֹ֮ͣȻÿռ֮˳
̫ˣ񼶱ǿߵĹ𣿼ʱ֮Ϳռ֮ҲŲƬʱ䡣
Ҷָ壬ؿǰ󷨣һƬ
Ӵ񼶱ǿߵĹ֪ǿߵĿ£ѹֵֻ̫ôǡ
ʵǺڰ̫ǿˡ
ңǰ󷨣ֻǷӳλ񼶱Ĺ
Ҫǻλ񣬿Ҷᱻ˲ɱ
ϣǸڰҲֻһλ񣡡Ҷ찵뵽
ʵûдڰȷֻһλΪλĻô۳ķҲλʵ
ңλ񣬵Ҳ޷ʱѹڰˡ


1114 ʦֵ
һһǧȥˡ
Ҷڴ˵ڶ󷨡
ʱǰģֻʣһˡ
һ󷨣ͬ񼶱󷨣һһһ󷨡
ڶһ񼶱һγһ͵ǿ
䣡
Ҷû׳ԣ۳һ߷ȥһ̽
Ǿ߷˲ͱĹɱˡ
̫ˣ˲䱻ɱˡ
󷨾Ȼǹ͵󷨣Ҷ״ɫʱѿ
֮ǰһ͵󷨣ͺķһǧʱ䣬ڵãϼƣҪǧʱ͸ɣ
û취ѾߵһˣҶܻܲͷɡ
ңͷҲ·ߣֻܼǰ
£Ҷ쿪ʼ󷨡
󷨵ֽ߱һóɹ۳֮飬Ҷλ񼶱
ղֻһλ֣֮ͰҶķˡ
λ֮һ֣¾ڰˣҲƽ⡣
ܺãܹҶԸڰ͸аˣԱ֤ܡҶвɵ˷
ʵǺڰĶ֡
ڣܹ߱ôԿڰȴ˺ܴİա
ʱţʱڣҶںʱţʱʱԻӻ
һꡭһꡭʮꡭ
߱ʵ̫ˣҶڵ󷨾磬оһͷۡ
Ҫ֪ǰѾ׼߱Ĳ÷ƽⷽרôѡ
ҶеˣȻģͽ⿪֮ݻģͣЩģ;Ȼһγܲɷֵĸ塣
ļ㣬ҶˣȻѾﵽܳܵļˡ
ѣҶֻܷٶȣżʱԻӻ
ʮꡭꡭꡭһǧꡭ
Ҷһɣ㲻壬ȴɢһΣ貶ҫۡ
󷨡
νֻҪҲĥ룬ǧʱר£ҶѾ߱ƽ˴롣
ڣֻʣһ֣Ҫء

ʱʱѾױˣƬ֮£һߴӰͬڰħһ㣬̤գӵ֮й
һǧˣһҪõʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾Դ֮𣬳ϡ
˵ǺڰıѾӷӡ֮гˡ
˫ݴ½ķ򣬺ڰ¶һ˿֮ɫҪͷ󣬺øƴĺ֣浱ǰ׳𣿺ߣ
Ϊʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾ԴðżҰô꣬˭ֹңߣڰ̤գԶĿг˼ᶨ֮ɫ
һλȻλ۷弶ǿߣǾ׾磬ңңڣ˵֮ǰǲܽ׾硣
ֻҪõʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾Դᡣ
ҲΨһ֮ǰ׵Ļᡣ
ԣΣڰ񶼲ġ
ס
ֻ֪֮󣬾ӵֻ֪ﵽ׾磬ӵ
λ磬ֻͨѣǼ֮У汾ԴһЩҲ٣ǵҲ١
ﵽ׾磬ǵڻ֮У沢УΪ硣
磬ֻҪǱ˴ݻ٣Ǿ㲻䣬ˣȻڣ硣
ÿһλף֪˶£Щ׵ͱҪöࡣ
һ죬ҲҪΪףڰ񰵰ģֻгΪףվ۷壬Ϊеһ
ҲָǶǿߣٻ֡
ģҲֻЩ׶ѣЩڶվ۷壬񣬶ֻӡ
ڰһλڰϵףһ񣬱һλֿµΰÿÿ𶼸е
ҲΪˣڰŲϧһдۣҪΪס
ûһ飬Ծܾջ
ûغڰ½ĲãһλᣬԲʧܣڰʧ

ңԶ֮Уüͷ¶һ˿ɻ
Ȼƾʧˣôܣݴ½ķڵ˸ſµĹâ
ʵϣ֮ĹȴҶ죬ֻΪڲ֪вһСֶΣüҶ졣
ңȷɹˣҶûз֮£ɹزһСֶΡ
ڸղţʱȱٵһʱ䣬Ȼһ޷ӦҶĴڣҶ·ƾһ
ܲ⡣
Ҫ֪õСֶΣҶݴ½ҲĸӦ
ڣȴʧЧˣҲӦҶˡ
ˣݴ½߷ҲûиӦҶĴڣеˡ
һ񼶱ǿߣ죬½֪ĴڣͻȻʧ
δ̫˰ɣ
޷ƿһеĸоҶʧʱԽеĵǱԽ
ѵǱ𶯵ֽţ뵽ܹĸӦ˺ڰ֮⣬Ҳֻбõˡ
ǺڰողһУҺڰҲܺҶ카
뵽˴Խ漰òСĽ
Ϊδ֪δһЩ飬Ǳ˴Բʱ䷨֪ͬδһЩı䡣
Ǿɵģֻ֪δȴ޷ıδ
Ȼݴ½ԥƬ̣漴˺ѿռ䣬Ҫݴ½
Ȼ˺ѿռһ˲䣬һɿֲĺǵ޴Ŀռѷӿ˶ûˡ
ֻأ
֮ģһ
۾һɣʱ֪˭ӡǰƳһɫľ޶ЯſֲܣסһƬֲĺ
¡¡
ɿµײһ𣬽Ƭռ䳹ˣǿһ
䣡
Ǿ޴Ŀռѷ֮УȻ߳һΰӰɢſֲϢֻ
ֻ˫貵⣬ضžĮȻ˵ʦܣݴ½㲻ٻˡ
ܹסңضֻЦܹôﵽλ۷徳磬ȷЩҵ֮⣬ΪסҲ̫Сˡ
㻹ƿʱ֮ǣҵȷס㣬ڣѾûʱ֮ˡֻĮ˵
ͫһȵô֪
˵ͬʱٴγֻ֣֣ѹȥһ˲鿪޷ɿֲ
ֻأȻֻأȴ֮ͬǰֻأɿµĺһ֣


1115 ֮
ڶʽֻأ
ʦ֣δҲ̫С˰ɣ
һЦǴһ˿Цݣֻ˫ӡ񶦶ʱɽ⣬ȻۼһںΪһϵ񶦡
ɢų⣬̫ҪңΧһƷţҫһԡ
䣡
ֻɿֲĺݺݵسϵ棬ȻΧƷŶûгƣһƬԸˡ
ϵ񶦣һɡ
û뵽㾹ȻԽϵ־磡ֻͫһ֮ɫ˫ٶչһɺƥϢ𽥴ϱ
ʽֻ𣿡Ц߶ϵ񶦣ôֻײ
ǿֲ·ⷽ棬鿪ֲֿķ籩ϯ˷һƬ
Ȼֻ˿Ϊûһ˿⣬ֻеӡɢһҵĹΣһصĵƣ˫֮ſ
ⲻǵʽֻأɫһ䣬ֻ˫֣Ӧһɿֲѡ
ҲоΣա
һϤ
ȻйâʢЩŵغʱ䷨򣡡
ֻһ˫ǰȥȻֻأȴǵڶʽֻأҲǵʽֻأǵʽֻء
Щĸʱ䷨ֻ֮صʽ
Ҳһչֹ칦
䣡
ϵ񶦣ڱˣΧƷţȫʱ䷨ĥҲڲѡ
絶ն콾
ʽֻأͷ·һʱ֮նޣռ䣬񶦵ĸնˡ
û˸֧ţϵ˲Ѻۣ١
Ȼ˫һųҵ⡣һɿֲϢֻһϢ϶Ȼ
ΪֻԲٿʱ䷨𣿡
Ц˫ֻӶ֮䣬һƬµķ򲨶֣ϵ֡
ʱЩѺۣԶ޸
ֻһǽеһʱ䷨۳ɵһնɫ񶦣ֲܣһ˲䱬
һķǳң𼴱㷴ӦĺѸ٣Ҳסϵ񶦣һ롣
ܺãŭЦ̤ǿգһǰ
ʱƬն·𱻳ˣҪը
ֻ¶صɫȻҲʱ䷨򣬴Ӷ𣬵ǾλԲ磬ϾΪһΣʵȻǿһЩ
ʦܣ
ڴʱһȴ֮д
һ̣һɫն

䣡ͬʱһֻɫľƣգžѹ
̫֮ƣߣһǴһ˿мһ㽫ֻ޴ĽɫƸˡ
ʱֻѾ֮С
ڣ̫ʥħ𡢻Ĵ졣
ʱټֻһ߶ʹսݣǰδеĿֲ
¾֮Ҳû뵽ΰְɡ
䣡
֮£ҵ⣬žȻײȥ
һȻãֱӳӭȥ
¡¡һײʹΧǿճˣ򶼻ˣµĿռ籩Ű
ۣۣ
ڣֻ˷׷Ѫܵش
ײҲܣײɳȥ϶ѺۣҪˡ
һȻˣǾȴ˵ĸء
ֻ־磬㲻ʲôӰ첻Լս
ǾףԼڸκβֻˣһʧǿ֮С
ڵֻˣҲûȥ׷𣬶ƿռ䣬ݴ½
ֻϵܣôôʥħͻһ֮ɫ
Ҫ֪ղȫ֣Ȼֻǰ壬ʵҲ̫˰ɡ
ѾﵽλԲ磬һʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򣬵Ȼ̫ߵ
̶꣬ºһвɸ˵Ŀġ˵
õģҶӦɣҪǵǺڰıѹʱ£ʱѾˣڰıҲˣ²֮󣬾ͻһսֻ˵
ʥħ𡢻һĬһλԲľôôһжôֲ
ǲ
򲻹ҲҪսΪѾ·ˣһˣݴ½ںڰƿ֮ˡ
ǿɲΪڰôķŹݴ½
ȥׯܣһ´ˡֻĿһ˵
̫˵ͷ˵ʱ򣬶һˣͶһҾͲţݴ½ֵ˺ڰ񡣡
һˣô꣬Ҳˡʥħߵ
죬Ԧֱӳűȥ

֮ɽ
ʱ֮УҲ֪ȥˣҶѾټʱ䣬ֻʣ󷨡
ڣһ죬һҲˡ
ԭˣҶ˼ǧ궼۾һ˫ڵӣǰԵøˡ
Ŀ֮Уʱתȿ¾
ˣҶȻЦЦ÷ǳʹ죬ֻ̧УһųҵĹâʱƾճ֣ɢҫ۵Ĺԡ
֮УֲɫĹâ֣·𼯺еɫʡ
滹иָķļ򣬻򡪡ڰ
Ҫǣģ֮ͣС
֮ģ֮ģҵѾң棬ҵҲ͵ˡ
ҶЦгܡ
ǰĿˣҪ֮ģ̤󷨵ĵá
һ֮ģǾ͵ڴ̤񾳽硣
ѾҶѾΪһλ񼶱ʦˡ
˵ҶȫԲ񼶱ˡ
ڰ߱󣬱͸Ĵ񣡡Ҷ΢΢¶һŵЦݡ
һ̣ԥһ󷨣ƽ⡣
Ҷɹƽ߱ԼҲܵشϾʵ̫ˣĹɶ񼶱ġ
Ҷʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨סɹƽ󷨡
߱Ҷƽ֮ɽһҫ۵ĹâҶ͸оסʱˡ
ɽͻȻ˴ţ·ҪҶȥ


1116 
ڣյģֻһ޳ӰɢŵĹΡҶ죬˫ֱ˶¶һϢ
ˣ
ǰ˻תһ˫ǳҪӣҶһ·˫۾濴Լδȥ
һ˫ʲô۾涼лʱշ飬Ƶʱ䳤ӣᴩδȥ
Ҷ첻ҧҧ⣬Լ漴¿ǰ֮ˣжʱһ
Ϊ˸һģһֻʲͬѡ
ǣҶؿǰ֮ˣ·ڶž˵
ǰЦЦ˵㲻Ѿµ𣿡
𣡡Ҷ³֡
ǰˣǰеһλһλһţ涼Ҫ޵ǿߡ
ȻֻµһӰ񣬺ܿͻʧˡ
Ѿں˹ȥܺãҶ죬΢Ц˵
ЦݣΧ֮У۳һʻ磬·һӳ
һһһһܸı档
Ҷ𾪣ãһӰ񣬿޷վ
޵УԼϢҲµԽӽġ
߶ԼڸԼΣΪֻŲӰ쵽ˡ
ԣ棬ûж˼ӡ
ЩǣֻǿһЩģӰѡ
֪ںδ֮󣬻Լ𣿡ҶĬƬ̣ʵ
һֱĵ飬Ҫںδ֮һˣԸȥںδ
ǺǣЦǺε˲ҶĹǣЦ˵õģ㣬ңҲκˡ
Ϊ˰֮𣿡ҶûмǸ⡣
ֻһ˵ͷ漴˵ֻ㣬У֪һЩ顣
ʲô飿Ҷʵ
֪ʲôߣʵ
ͬʱʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨飿Ҷɵ
֪ߡ
˵ͷ˵Ҳô˵ȴԡ
Ҷ쾲ţѾõʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾ԴעһλߣȻҪ
㿴ָű⣬˵⣬֮ɽ֮ɽ⣬żǿգ桭֪֮⣬ʲô𣿡
ޱߣѵб߼ʣҶ쾪ȵ˼Ҫɽɽ
ֻޱߣѵСߡ
ֻҪǻ壬磬ÿһԪһΣȻҲġ˵
ѵһ𣿡Ҷ첻ɵʵ
磬ǻգڻ֮У棬Ǿͬеǳһ˵
Ҷˣ֪ԼǺεȵСˡ
һҲ߲档Ҷ漴Ц
ܣԣбҵ⣬˵Ѿں˶ȥһԶ֮۵̽飬档
֮۵ʲôҶ첻ʵ
沢Ȼ棬һλǿ߿ٵ棬磬ﵽλǿߵľ磬Ҳγ档˵
λǿ߻棿Ҷ쵹һһĴڣǸжôǿ
ֱ
Ѿ뿪ˣֻϾٵģԻ֮档Ҫѳȥֻܻۣ֮ͻﵽλǿһľ硣
˵
ֻҪʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨Բ磬ܻ֮𣿡Ҷʵ
ˣô򵥣ҾѾˡһ򵽴Բ磬ǿս֮۵ʸ񡣡ҡҡͷ˵
νߣҪѳȥ𣿡Ҷʵ
ĻôӦúٲŶԣϾʲô˶̸۳ѣֻǼλʸɡ
ûԸ֮ܣ㲻ҲҪ뿪żʵһĵ˵
Ҷ˵ͷЩڰ½˾֪ˣݴ½ǿߣ˭뿪ż
˭ȥʶ硣
Ҳ˲Ը뿪棬ϣΪˣѡ֮ۺõ֮۵İҲΪˡ漴˵Ŀгɱ
Ҷһɱ궼ڲֻһš
ţ͸ǵģҪСǣǧǷͬʱʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򡣡ѵ
˭Ҷʵ֪ܵԼĵ˭ɡ
ߴĿߣλ𡣡˵գ̾Ҳ˵棬ǽеļ⣬˶ĵˡ
ҶʱˣԵУйΪУδй
붼ÿ¡
㿪ݴ½ռתʱ򣬻Ĩݴ½˹ƿʱ䷨ռ䷨Ϣʱעⲻñ֪ܵˣҲ֪
ɫأѵƿʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ܣֻһ֪ûн𾳽֮ǰй¶ܡ
ˡҶ˵ͷ
ΪУҲѹ˽òתΪȫʢʱڵҲ޷Կôֲĵˡ
ҶʱףڰֻһСѣᶼûᣬȻûн
˵Ѿ˵ˣܲܳѣͿ컯ˡ˵գؿҶһۣΣҲʼȥ
ߴֱһǣȻӦһҪѣһ仰ʧˡ
ѣ
ҶܹܵԳѵǹִ·һΪתҲԸѡ
ʵϣҶ쿴㲻ѣô棬Ҳܲˡ
ҲΪҶûдﵽľ磬ûɡ
ϾԪλѾᷳˣԲȥ硣
Ҳݴ½һꡢʮ꣬Ҳᷳġ
䣡
Ҷĳ˼֮УΪһųҵĹâ˰գ͵һƬǿա
ȻҶɨƬǿգͻȻоһЩϤ䣬ܿϳ˴˵ء
֮·ڵƬǿգΧ֮·ٺĲۼҲħսĵط
ûݴ½ˣ
Ҷһ̤գ˺ѿռ䣬ܿͳݴ½Ͽա
磬ÿһ˲ƣܿԽԶ
ңݴ½ڵƬǿգҪʱȵƬǿСöࡣ
ף
Ҷݴ½ϿʱϢ˲ͱҶʥӦˣһ˲ƣҶǰ
ʲô𣿡ҶüΪóҶʥż
Ҷ첢ûзֺڰݴ½֮ǰûжٵġ
ġҶʥæ̫ɽʧٵҶ졣
ҶĿһ˵֪ˣ㲻ùܣд㡣
˵գҶһʧֻһɻҶʥ


1117 
֮أ
Ҷδõ󷨣˿ռתϿգ棬˱ѹССӵǲżڱչ
𰡾𣬼֪δҲ뵽һ֮İɡҶǳһĨŵЦݡ
õ󷨣Ҫǻûн֮ɽҶǰֻ̾޿κΡ
ڣѾ۵֮ģΪﵽ񼶱ݴ½Ƕġ
ȻһǧѣҶʱ֮Уȴ˽ʱ䡣
ҶʱףʼնûкڰĲ֮£ˣҲֻΪӡ
֮½ϣҲֻһöӶѣһжΪѵԸҶһ̾
׾綼ˣο𾳽硣
΢΢Ƭ̣Ҷ첢ûͷųѹڴ˵صСΪӡǣһƽ󷨣ͻᱻ֡
ڣҶ컹Ծ𣬵ȵúһСʱǺڰ񣬻Ǿ𣬶ֻޡ
ңСȻѹȴûΣգΪӵĺܿ죬ƺҪںϵ˻ʵˡ
ݴ½ҪһˣҶЦݣԼӣǳ⡣
ûмڴ˵飬Ҷһ˲ƣݴ½ϼ
һƬѩǣ¶ȵ͵ˣʥǿˣ¶Ҫ⡣
ݴ½˵ĽأѾܶṳ̂˵ˡ
ﾹȻһϢ󷨣µˡҶ̧һƺ俪ǰıѩʱһ󷨣ҵȼǳߡ
󷨣ѣҲܲó󷨣ֻġ
ҶѾ֮ģƽȴǳɡ
ңֻϢ󷨣ûйͷָ͵󷨣ƽס
Ϣ󷨣϶ʲôʲôأҶȻЩ²⣬ǲȷ
ȵƽ֮¶Цݡ
Ȼ߱ҶЦķǳġ
Ϊ߱ɶˣҲԼ˺ܳʱ䡣仰˵ѾãѾϴãֻʢˡ
Ҷ컹ܲó߱Ҳ֮ˡ
ǲ߱õط֮һѾϵһҵǰ׼Ҷ뵽
߱ҪҪطݴ½ϼͱǿõط
Ȼϼôϣ϶Ҳڡ
ΪʲôֱӲһ߱ʵܺ⣬ΪֻԼõ߱ҶԼƿء
ϾҶҪ߱Ըڰõ󷨣޷á
ףأֻ̫㣡ڴʱҶĴѶ𶯣ʶ̽УյҶʥһԡ
Ҫ֪Ҷڽݴ½֮󣬾ԼϢҶʥǸҲҶ졣
ºһؾ칬ҶһϢص˴Ѷġ
Щ߱󣬾ֻҪµʱ㹻ˡ
£Ҷ쿪ʼ֮߱ģӡһµƣ֮С
ֻǳǧ·һ̫žޣڻգɢһɺµϢ
ϢҶû¶ȥ
ֱһºҶ콫󷨲ȫŽݴ½ݴ½ϳһ塣
ҶǰϣʣµҲϡ
ºҶػص˾칬֮ͥУֻˡ
ֵһǣҶ컹һˣׯܡ
ׯǰҶЦӭȥ
ׯܿЦߣΪȣڵʵҶǿһׯܴͺˡ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷһׯܴ硣
ڵΪѾóׯܵΪԷλڣʥħ𲻷£ֻ̫
ʵҶҲֻʵֻʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ԱսԺֻ̫ǡ
ˣҲˣǻҪҪʥħ˵
ŶҶɻؿȥ
̫˵Ѿֺڰټ˺ڰ½飬ݴ½֮ڣִܵ
Ҳ˵֮ǾҪԺڰˡ
Ҳѹ⼸λء
ڰıѾʵѵҪЩڰ½ڻҰæҶЩֵ˵
ڻңڰ½Щ飬Ҷ˵ڻҡ
Ϊڱѩʣɱ󣬺ڰ½Ѿûλ񼶱ǿˡ
ֻһҲλ۷弶𣬵ϷǶܶԸ
һȺڻңݴ½˵ûʲôôҪЩ֣Щλܽˡ
ԣҶ֣ڰΪλһȺûõڻˣʱ䡣
Ҳʲô˼ɰɣֻĿһ˵
ʱ䷨֪һЩܣԲд˲²⡣
⵹ǸҶ˸ѣúڰ񣬿Ǻµĺ֣Ȼ
ϧСģҲֻͽ޹Ҷ漴Ц
õĺ֣Сľܶġ
ͼλƬ̣Ҷ뿪ˣû˵߱飬Ϊغݴ½İΣܲ
뿪ͥҶ칬еһԺ䣬Լǡ
ٶ꣬ٴžۣһ˶ǳ
Ҷ컹ԼŮֱҶҶѩҶ
һٶȥˣСһѾˣ֦ɢҶˡ
ҶʥӴСûܹǵһμҶ죬վҶǰʱЩͽš
Ҷü
㣬һ߾ô꣡һԵľѩԹ
ҶֻܿЦ
һٶ꣬˵գ֮䡣
Ƕһ˵ȴǳˣ֦ɢҶˡ
뵱꣬ҶҲֻǼʮʱ򣬱Ѿ£ӡ
οĺǡ
ĺӴСǡҪҶ쵱ƴʮʱ򣬱ѾҪŮ޹ˡ
ľѩûҶ飬Ҳоµ뵽˱ӡ
ⲻһٶȥˣҶﶼˡ
Ҷ춼һп
ҶЩһЩǿʵĵرһЩ
ʱô꣬Ҷõ̫ˣЩòţһԵ͸ԼĶˡ
֮Ҷȥһ˱ʮ˹ĸס
һٶȥˣĸȻûʲô츳ȴĵرĶѻ֮£ӲؽΪۼ
ԣҶ쿴Լĸ׵ʱ򣬷øˡ


1118 ս
ҶҴĸ׶ɹһ£Ҷ뿪ˣǰţҪҵǳϣŵǳѾʧټʮˡ
ǳϡ̫ɽҶɡ
ķѾʧˣҶȴףݴ½ĳط
ڰСĽԼСĽݴ½еһмƻɵġ
ıĻ
ǰеļƻҲֻǶϷѡҶЦ
Ҷ콫ĸףһӵ˾칬
漴Ҷʱ֮ʼչء
αչأǲ֮򣬶ǲռ
֮ɽô꣬ҶȻо󷨣оռĳЩطƣҲõ˺ܴĽ
ȴһ㣬ٳ޷ͻơ
Ҷʱ֮չأҲϣԼܹںڰ֮ǰõͻơ
ʱ֮ǰȻֻʮʱ٣Ҷʱ䷨򣬴Ӷʹʱ֮ʱ٣ﵽһٱ
Ҳ˵Ҷ컹ʱԱչء
ôʱ䣬ҶԼһܹͻƣ̤ռĸΡ
ҶչصʱǿҲûţһԴݴ½÷
ǽݴ½ΧǿеȫŲƵݴ½ݴ½Χ档
Ȼڵʦǣ㶼Щ沼󷨡
ʱȻֻ꣬ݴ½ǿߵЭ֮£ڵʦٶȷǳ졣
ν˶ݴ½Աˡ
źڰĵǶеѹܴ
ʱѾѾûк֮·ˡ
ҪôսʤڰҪôݴ½

ңԶǿ֮УһҾ޴ĺɫսޣԼĺڰݴ½Ƶ
ǿյǰУվߴӰֱǺڰ;
ڰһںڰ֮У·ĺڰΪһ壬˫ĿһƬڣżȻɨǿգ貵ĺɫ
෴һƬҵĽ⣬Ե÷ǳ財һž޴̫ͼѹޱߵǿգڰվһ
һǧˣһ죬Ҫˡڰ񱳸˫֣ǰƬǿգڵ֮У˸Īɫʡ
ǰһǧˣⳡ֣ǸøһˡһԵľ۾϶֮Уһõ⡣
˵ʱ䷨򣬿Կδܹǵδ𣿡ڰתͷĿдһ˿ĪĹâ
ҡҡͷ˵δôײ鿴ģԼδԲ鿴Ϊʱᷢ仯
Ľأڰʵ
ٷ֮ʮ˵
ֻһİգڰüͷ΢΢
аٷ֮ʮҲаٷ֮ʮ˰ٷ֮ٵʤȯ΢΢гš
ܺãϣҵĿ궼ܹʵ֡ڰʱЦˡ
һģҲЦˡ

ʱ֮ڡ
Ҷٶ꣬ڽԼЩȫռ֮УʱԼռʼɱˡ
ʱҶڣڷ˷츲صı仯
һС߲񵶣ڻۣҶռҶĻ֮С
С߲񵶣ͷ·һڶһ㣬Ҷڵһ
Ҷ콫ʶ߲̽ʱȴܵһǰδеĺƴ󵶵·޵
ϵӡ
ĪģҶĸ֡
ϵӡ
Ҷ첻֪Լô֪·ȻȻؾ֪ˣռ̤ؼһʼϵӡˡ
Ȼϵӡ۷ǳѣҶ췢ԼʱѾܿˣֻؿ߲

ʱգ۾͹ȥˡ
ݴ½ķõĲʱõĺƴ󷨣ͻȻһɫ˺ѡ
һȫɺڰ۵ķ񽣣ִߣǺڰ
䣡
󷨵飬˻ĺڰ
ǵϿգվźڰ;
λǵļ԰սǺ˰벽ɱ
ɱеҲڴš
һ̣ݴ½Ϊ֮ǿΪ֮
Щ޴ͺڰǣͬˮһ㣬ݴ½
¡¡󷨱ҵĹâ飬֮УֵЩڰĹ
һʱ䣬֮䣬ֻʣɱ
䣬޷飬Ҳкڰ顣
սϣһƬҡ
ɫѪҺǿգȵѪԶ̫Ҫңȼ档
ǳƣһ˫ֻӶǳһҫ۵ǳ֮⣬Щڰɱȥ
ͣʱĺڰλһɣһʿ
һȺҳںڰԨ֮аɣһߴĺɫӰЯǰδеİħһɫħɽ޵ǰ
ħ棡
ħ֣춯أЩµħγһɫħսһͷͷ޵
ȭ
ϷޱߣһȭǰƳֱֲӰǿնˣڰﱻֱˡ
ռڶʽ޳ֽĽâΪģγһɽ籩ǰŰȥ
ʱɺѪҺգ޵ʬ屻ɱķ顣
ƥĽâնǿӡ
ȭս޼𣬿֮屬ֱӽ״̬ޱߵĽɫѪͬɽ緢һ㣬ǿա
˫ȭӶսսأ޵С
ɱЩڰ޴ҿ
е㲻ǿ֮У·һ֮ǽס޺ͺڰ
Ҷʥվһž޴̫ͼϣ֮䣬޾Ի
Щ콾֣ݴ½һЩϱǿߣҲ׷׳ˡ
ս񡢽桢ǿϱȫˡ
ԿóЩޣкڰǣ޷Անɱһ֮УѪǿա
ڻվֻڻңҪǳֲСɨǰսм֮ɫ
ڰüڰ½ǿô꣬û뵽ȺһȻôûãŸտʼûãͱݴ½ɱƬײˡ
Ȼˣչֺˡڰ漴һԵľ
ҵһѵҪ𣿡ЦЦؿڰ
ãһ֣ڰ˵ͷ
£˲У̤޾ǿգݴ½
Щޣкڰǣǵ׷ÿһ·
һ飬¶֮ɫ
ԸǼԦźڰ;ȥ
ֵǣżǺڰ񣬻Ǿ𣬶ûȳ֣Ȥؿ
䣡
ɻʱͻȻըѿлһЩŭĺ
ǿգʱһƬž


1119 
ıը·һĩ֮ǿգݴ½һƬž
е飬ȫͣˣ۾ɵϴ𾪺ͲţһɾĿ־壬ͷ
ǿǿ찡ݴ½
ǿĺڰ񣬻Īľе鶼δϣΪĴڡ
ڣڵȻըˡ
úõһôĪؾͱըˣ
鲻ɵӣжʱ˲²⣬ֻ²Ǹе֣е
Ȼ
һ̣ıըĳĵΰӰһɢųĿֲϢƬǿն𶯲
Ƿֱֻ̫𣬻ʥħ
ֻģһöٵһС
λǶѪҺҲЩȱˣܿͱָˡ
ʱ䷨Ȼ治ֻ𡣡ʥħŲԶֻĵöͫ΢΢һ˵
ǻܵ˵ֱֹӷ飬Ҳ顣
˭ֻ֪ʱ䷨򣬱ס˻
ʱֻûʥħֻǵڵʱ֮Ѹٻָ
ʥħߣΪʲô̫ŭصŶʥħ
λʱǿߣʱһδεֵڰĽ˵ûˣݴ½ˡ
ڣλΰ죬Ȼݴ½
벻ֻ̫Ҳ벻
Ҫ֪ʱϹʱѧԺΪݴ½ǿߡ
һˣ˭뵽ᱳݴ½
ʥħʱȣһϴ磬еĶ
˭ܱݴ½Բ
ǲԶһǣҲţԸֻ̫ݴ½ҲԸ⿴ʥħݴ½
Ȼʵˡ
ûΪʲôǵĴڣסݴ½չĽŲҲסǰĽŲ̫ʣ𵭵˵·˵һǳƽ顣
ʥħתӣһ˵İɣڣݴ½ܵκ˺һս޹أȫȥɡ
˵գʥħڰ
ڰȺڰ˻֣ȵȫ˻ȥ
ʱһںڰޣȫźȥܿʧˡ
һ״ȴЩ֪룬ǲ֪վһˡ
ֻ̫𣬻ʥħ𣬶죬Ҳȹ塣
ľڳ飬һʱ䣬ԥˡ
ʥħߣ쵰һһֱǵϴ磡ʱһŭĴֻﴫ
ȴǻָˣͬʱҲѸٻָ壬ֻɫҰףȻǱԴܵش
ʱֻҲʱ֮ؿʥħ˵ߣӦǾµӰɣ
û˵Ĭˡ
ֻٿʥħ˵Ҹղžµӣڿͺͺڰ񹴽ˡ
ڰֻõʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾Դݴ½ûκϵΪݴ½룬ҲĻƾʲôΪʱȻôꣿʥħ𵭵˵
ڰʱҲ˵ݴ½ţֻҪҶһˣֻҪǲңҿԱ֤ݴ½İ
ڳܶ鶼⶯ˣʵ˵ǸԸǿĺڰ񣬻Īľ
ڣʥħվԷһˡ
ֻء̫л磬ǻлᣬⳡ֣ʼն޹أǺαΪһҶ죬Լݴ½顣ֻͻ˵
ƨһսΪĲҶ죬Щںڰµսǡŭشǹ͵ôܶԵЩսǣôԵȥ֮
ĻԶһе
ǰ˽죬Ѿڰǵˡѡսѣڰ¾
ĳޣ˵¾ͷ£
˵ĲôѪ𣬲ɲ̫Ҳŭ
ߵأܹ͵ֻԸսֻ˵գֱӣһ˳ʥħɱȥ
ڤ粻飡ʥħһһǿϢֻײһǿն
ռ䶼ˡ
Զһ鶼𾪲ѣһֱֻ幫ϵǿߣ̫𶼲硣
ڣʥħȴչ˿ʵʥħ֮նѵأȻֻò¡
λ۷壡΢΢һŭȵʥħصĺ
һԵ̫˵һʱǧ꣬ôﵽλ۷徳ˣֻǰ̫ˡ
˵գ̫Ҳһɣ
ûмϢһλ۷սͬһ㣬ϯǿա
ܺãһսҲҸеʧ̫˫ҵɱޱߵĽɫâų˫Ƹǿգס
䣡𣬱չ䡢ȸ׻Ĵ󳬼ޣһɱ󣬽̫С
۷ǿսѣ˸ҽӽ
λѵԸ⹶͵𣿡
ѵȥˡѺս𣿡
ǿ»𣿡

еŭ
ʱһЩǿǣٱֳĬ
Ըսħ桢Ϸһھ콾˳
ȻҺʥħ𣬵ǵȥôսѺˣ˳𲻿ɲս񡢽ʱϱǿҲ˳
ָܹ֮㣬ǹ͵һҲİһЩ
ڰɫʱһǰǰȥмһȺϣȻԼҾͳȫǡ
䣡
ͻȻһҫ۵Ľɫݴ½ϳ
ڳ飬ڰ񣬶һ
ΪɫչֳϢ̫ǿˣֻսϢҪǿһЩǹϤϡʴȡ嫣ڳ˶ݡ
˻ʵϢ
˻ʣһЩϱǿߣʱ뵽ϤϢ˭ˣɵ÷׷𾪲ѡ
ڰҲͫһȵǧŵһŮʡ
ǧŵһŮʣ
ǺڰԵ˻ʵۣݴ½ֻ֮⣬Ҳֻе˻ʣܹúڰ˿ء
ǣ˿ǵӽɫ֮߳Ӱȴһ
Ϊⲻǵ˻ʣһˣһ꣬һʵƽꡣ
С


1120 ֮ս
Сֳ˻ʽĿƽؿŲԶĺڰÿһ߶нɫĹ䣬Եʥַ
ԶһЩµ飬Ѿ̲סĤˡ
ȫǷĵ𾴣Ƕ˻ʵ𾴡
Ϊһ̵СѾں˵˻ʵУǵ˻ʡ
˵˻ʡ
УŴ˻ʶһģһֵ𾴵ΰˡ
û뵽СӾȻĿںϵ˻ʵ񣡡Զǿ֮Уɫһɫʱ
ѹСûѡնɱСΪûаС
ңûоСļƻӰ죬Ȼڵ˻ʵϣŹСһˡ
ֻû뵽ߵһǳ
Ҫǣһ⣬֮ǰδûп
˵δѾ˱仯ˡ
þһֲõԤУδȫȴ˱仯
һõơ
ڰڣ̤ݴ½һС߾˻ʽƽĿ⣬Ŷĺڰ
һɺƴĽɫâ𣬽һƬǿնȾ˽ɫ
СϯǹɺƴϵϢǴǿա
ŮʶһˣҲֻĸѣΪܹסңڰЦ
һޱߵĺڰźڰٽǿնˡ
ԶԶȥСƬǿһƬɫڰȴһƬɫɫγĶԱȡ
Ҫַݴ½̤ҵʬɣСһһҵĽɫâƴƥ˺˲ռ䣬ֱڰǰ
䣡ڰ۳ڰ񽣣ͬӳһҵĽâ˺ռ䣬֮ݺݵײһ
һ˲䣬һƬǿյķ飬ǿնҡΡ
ضеս
ʵԵģѾҵķҵı塣ڰһЦǳҵĺɫâǰǿն롣
ۣСὣˣѪȻλ۷սڰλȣȴǲ̫ˡ
һϣȻῴһǰսԼں󷽡
㻹Ǹ°ɣ䣬ǿϢǴݴ½г˻ǰ
ǣ˵ģɵɫһ
ҵķȻֻλڵʵס㹻ˡЦ
ͻȻֵǿߣú;һģһȷķ
׼ȷ˵ķǼٰɽ̫ɽҶɡǳˣһֱҶ졣
֣ûзϻֱչǿסˡ
սĵطһƬû˸ҽӽ
Ҳһϣħһ˾𣬡Ȼж岻š
ħ棬ɵЦ겻ǿеʣɺڰӶѣҳȫ㡣
̧һָôָâֱ˺ǿգᴩռ䣬ħ涴塣
ħӰħǧԼ񣬶ԵһָڲԶ۳塣
ֻıѾ亹
ʵ̫ˡ
ףû뵽ħ澹ȻܹԼһָɵ̾ԸΪʦһ
ħضݣο㣡ħߵ
ħ棬ҵһһսսǳȵ
ħ˵ͷȻλеǿߣλԲǿ߲̫ˡ
ֻн󷨣֮ǿһս
Ϸ硢Ҷʥǣһٶλλȫˣһ޴󷨡
ûֹǣǵ˵һȺ϶ѣȻǻϣұǾ
˵գЩλ󷨡

һߣڰһС壬شλ½˻ʡ
𣿡ڰϷŰ֮ɫѾ湻ˣ׼Сһˡ
ڴʱС̧ͷݴ½ţҪǵ
Сһŭضһ漴һҵĽɫâݴ½ϳ𣬳С۶
ף˾ȵһĻԶľ𶼱ˣ̲ס˹
ڰȴüͷһ壬ȵȻ֮û뵽㾹ȻԵ֮
Ϊ˻ʣΪսС
ֻ֮Сı𽥻۳˾ŵߴΰӰһɢųҵĽ⣬һ㣬Ƭǿա
Ŵ˻ʣԶһ֮ɫ
û뵽ݴ½ŽһǧʷȻܴﵽһλ˻ֻǵ̫ʱֻмʷѡڰ۾Щ֮ɫ
ûԼΪħ򣬾һЩϵڰģҲ
Щ򣬶꣬ʮʷԲܵ
żĺڰ½ڰǧ꣬ȴûе
ȻŴ˻ʣŽѣȻѾ۵
ҿǶˣŴ˻ʣҪ˶ã㶼ܹΪ񣡡ڰЩµ뵽
ߣԶСʱǾŴ˻ʵѾ֮УΪһ塣
һ˲䣬СϱһǰδеĽɫâǹɺƴϢһӱ˼ٱǧ򱶡
գϢͻһٽ㣬ǿգƺƵӿ
ɺޱߵϢ֮£е飬̲סĤݣݴ½Щ壬Ѿ˵ϣĬĬš
λ񣡡ڰŶС¶֮ɫͬʱеĺڰԵøӵĳҫˡ
նС߾˻ʽźڰɱںϾŴսѾﵽλľ硣
λҲвģߣڰһֽӭȥһһ񽣣֮ײɢһɿֲĻϢ
Զֻ𡢻ˣǽսನˣ׷ԶԶ˿ˡ
һݴ½飬صضš
񼶱սǰδУǾ𣬶صؿţΪҲǵһο񼶱ս
СǺڰÿһնɱһλλֲֿĻ֮˶е
˿̣ݴ½칬ʱ֮ڣҶ֮ɫ
ڰĵôĶ֪ܲ
һУʶȴ޷ΪϵӡѾ۵ҪͷʱҪֹͣҲˡ
ʱ򣡡Ҷ֮ɫ
˭뵽ڰƫƫɵʱ
ңҶҲû뵽ʥħȻѡݴ½


1121 ׯܵѡ
ǿ֮нսʱݴ½ϵǣҲ˽
ԭݴ½ԵĵôǿЩʧ飬ԭڵֵЩˡһϱʥ̾
ʥħȻݴ½ѧԺԺš
ĴԺΪݴ½ǿߣ˭뵽Ȼѡݴ½
̾ҵΪֻؿǰսһЩ֮ɫ
ھݴ½ⳡս֮УȴΪֻΪһԹߣȴ˵Ĳþ
˻꣡
һҪӮ
ݴ½ź
һ֮۳һ󺣣Сעȥ
ԿõСڲϵǿţÿһӳնȥĽâ֮ǰӵǿˡ
ڰüͷ΢΢һ壬ΪʲôһСС򣬾ȻôӴֱ֮ܣ
ڰгɻҪµЩṩ֮ôˡ
ѵݴ½ڲͬλڴ˵ԵʣڰţܹΪʲôݴ½Ӵ֮Ҳ׵Ļִܶˡ
䣡
ںڰСʱСץסᣬһ˺ѺڰķǱڰ񽣣ݺݵն˺ڰϡ
Ȼڰûκεľţ̧ͷЦڰ֮ܣ
䣡һ޴ĺɫƣȻ֣˺ڰǰС˻ʽݺݵˡ
ǹɾ޴Ȼϯȥ
С˶ˡ
ۺڰȴֻǱڰ֮ܶѣһеĺڰ񽣣ǻӳһҵĽâʤ׷ɱС
䣡С˻ʽ񵲣ȻǿֲĺڰͬһƬɫĺ󣬺ݺݵسѹ˻ʽĽɫâࡣ
ۣСһɾش̲סһѪμٺˣжȥǹǿ
ǲ𣡡
СصؿŶĺڰ񣬼ﵽλ񾳽磬ȻǺڰĶ֡
ΪڰѾﵽλ۷徳磬λҲˡ
֮䣬ÿһĲ඼Ǿ޴ġ
̫λ۷ʵ׾ܻλڵĻ
ϧĴﵽ񾳽磬ںǻпһսڰЦϣɢֲĺڰ
ⳡսýˡڰ˵գпʼħǹɺڰԽԽǿˣǿա
Сɫһ漴߾˻ʽһޱߵĽɫԴϱ˻ʽעȥ
һ̣˻ʽǰδеĳҽ⣬ǺƴƥĽɫâ·𶴴ǿգһƬս
ǿߵƣɢſֲĲòԶݴ½񶼾ѣһæźȥ
񼶱Ľ䣡
תͷڰ漴ߵȻҪˣҲȥˡ
žĻ£һɫ񶦣޾ش˫֮Ŷ˷ȥ

䣡

ʱһҽ󷨵һλǣȫܵشɫ񶦱塣
һ̣󷨶鿪һٶλλȫش
𱳸˫֣ǿգǿƣһе
˫⣬޷֮ӡ
⻹ô򣿡
һݴ½鲻ɵþ
ǿľһٶλλ񶼲һοǡ
ħ桢Ϸ硢Ҷʥһ콾ǣһĬˣ֮ɫ
Ȼţ츳ȺʱϾ̣ܶṳ̂λ񾳽硣
Ļô֮һսˡ
ýˣ̤˫ӡеĽɫ񶦣漴۳һ޴񶦡
񶦣ǳľ޴һһħɶȥ
ħȻʾʹ˱ɣһԼǿ޷񶦣һѹ
Ԫն
ؼʱ̣һϵ
漴񶦣ʱѿһ϶汬鿪
䣡ֲӶ캳أħɳȥ
ռ䷨򣡡ɫһš
Զǿ֮Уһµׯ̤ʱǸˣһƳ顣
ৣ
ׯܻ˻֣ɫĹâȻھ߷ֻ֮͡һ죬߷㾡Աˡ
лׯϸ磡ʱѾһˣׯ֣ܳʱϲ
֮ǰʥħıѣѾµׯܿҲһ
ڿׯֶܳԸ𣬽ݴ½жʱ˿
磬˼ʵʥħһֻȻׯܽĻȴûסˡ
Զһ飬Ҳסˡ
ǣɻˣȻˣׯΪλҪǡ
Ѿˣ˺ܾãô˵Ҳݴ½һԱݴ½ҲģΣҶؿݴ½ڰ𡣡ׯ˵գ
ʧˣҲܴӦ
ׯܵĻһ
Ȼ֮ǰׯйʲôԼׯûдӦݴ½˵ֱһѡ
û뵽㾹Ȼ˿ռ䷨򣬲ʱĵһţѹ㵱һؿһׯܣû֮еķŭΪзǳ𾪣ׯܾȻռ䷨
ֻʱ䷨Ѿˣû뵽ׯܾȻռ䷨츳ֱ󣬷棬Ҳһˡ
ͬʱʱ䷨ռ䷨һԶׯܵЦ漴˻֣һɫĴԪն㳯žɱȥ
ߣһͬնһǴԪն֮ײһ
ʱһƬռ䶼ˣȻûпֲıըεĿռ䷨򲨶ȴݴ½е
λ۷壬пռ䷨ʵҾȡضׯܣ˫ӡһ޴񶦣¶ҵĹâ
ˣҲҵĶ֣
һȡ
һɫ񶦣ʱׯܺȻײȥһɹӴǿն𵴲·ҪƵġ
˿ׯܶŻ˴һ漴չԼ磬ĬĬһ֮ɢ뵽ׯܵڡ
䣡
ׯ˶ʱһ۵İ׹⣬ϵǹǿϢҲһӱ౶
ʵһӴﵽλԲ磬ƽ
ε磿ԭΪֶ֮Σͫһ𾪵ͬʱҲ֮ɫ
ײеЩߣǵڰץסݴ½ߣׯȡ
Щ߶ׯܷǳ𾴺ͳݣ˵ô֮


1122 
ׯܵǿƳ֣ס˾ĽŲݴ½һ˿
ʱսϣֻѾѹʥħʤ顣
̫ҲǿȻδػʤȴռϷ磬Ҫ
ΨһҪĵľСͺڰս˵ʤžⳡսʤ
ƬսԽԽˣ񼶱ǿߣҲԹۿľ
ô죿˴ʱ˻Աߡ
ҡҡͷ̾ǵʵ޷ǵսֻһԹս
һھ콾ĮȻ
޷սοǣ
ңֻ̫𶼴Ϸ磬ҪǵİׯܣȻ·磬ƾſռ䷨סˡ
ΨһҪǰľСǵʵ̫Ƭս޷ӽοȥæ
Ҷʥ㸸أתͷҶʥ֪ҶʵǳǿʱҲֻҶ԰æˡ
ڱչأƺҪͷҶʥЦ
һﻹУʱˣȻڱչءս޼˷˵
ʱҶʥһ˿ϲ֮ɫæ˵ҸȻݴ½죡
ݴ½ü뵽ԼҲﲻʲôæ±˵ͷһݴ½飬ݴ½
䣡ڻ˸ոշݴ½ʱƬսױ鿪һɫ񽣣͸С壬˺գ˲Զһ档
һ̣ݴ½һƬǽɫѪͬһ㣬ݴ½
ˣСվǰˣ
ֻأֻһֲױǵʽֻأΪޱߵĺݺݵغʥħ
ħңʥħǴޱߵսڱǣֻغݺݵײһ
ۣʥħѪɳȥȴǲֻǿһ
ֻûгʤ׷˲ƶץסСĲʱ֮ڵĺڰ򣬱סСһ
ûõģȻˣҪڰ̤նǱɫ³Уɢųҵ⡣
ֻû˵ֻһ߰Сָƣһ˵ݴ½
һߣֿ̫˵ݴ½
ׯҲһ˻ݴ½ս
ôˣѡǵݴ½һ𣿡ڰһĻɵЦ
е㲻ԾСĵ㡣˹ɫ
ǰδӣڣǳСٳׯܷһѾδ׸ıˡ
ʲôԾⲻǳķ𣿡ڰһЦûоֿԿδֻǾԼСݴ½ĵƣһսӮˡ
ԣıֻŽݴ½Ƭĵطˡ
ţüͷ΢΢һ壬û뵽ڰȻЩˣѵΪС;ݴ½޵
ûмѣһڰ񲢲ֻúڰѣ˫ȡ裬ûѺڰ
£źڰһݴ½
ʥħһۣȴṳ̂ݴ½ΪⳡսѾҪǳˡ
ĵط𣿡
ڰݴ½ϿգɭɭĿ⣬
һλĵطǾǲͬ죬Ϊʱľ񣬽ʹΪһűǡ
ʲôǱǣ
ԴԴ
ֻ𡢵˻ʣׯܣССһȴǳôĿֲţҪǷǳɳȥȻ׼ĸ֣Ϊߴеһ
ڰûм䵽ݴ½ͷųԼӴʶɨݴ½ʷ
Уÿһűǵĳ֣ߴǿɱ׼ǿΪ䡣
ɴ˿ɼһűǵ
ҽȥҵĺǨƵϣҵĺ֮оͻԴԴšڰ̲ס뵽
ֻҪűǣĺ֮бֺܶţʱ񼶱ĸ־ͻ׼𳬼ǿߡ
ֻҪһλ׼ǿߣĺڣԼܸմ⡣
ĿǰԣԺڰҪģҶϵʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾Դ
ΪغǷԪĩڳΪס
£ڰݴ½Ͻȥ
ţȻվںڰԵľüͷһæҪ뿪
ǣһѾˡ
ǽӽݴ½ʱһ޴󷨹âѾ𣬽ݴ½ˡ
žͺڰҲ֡
һ󷨶ѣƾݴ½һǧʷоʲôǿ󷨣
ڰ֮Уȴû˿ľ£۾棬˲м֮ɫ
һԵľȴɫһˣⲻݴ½о󷨣󷨣ûпӦ񼶱󷨡
ʲôڰš
񼶱󷨣Ȼֿ֪µԿ
ң⻹󷨣϶С
ԭˣҶֶû뵽ȻԲó񼶱󷨣𿴵֮еľڰ񣬲ɵùЦ
һҲ˿˷
̫𡢻𣬻Сʦ֣ǿ󷨵죬Ҹʱƿش󣬶Ըڰ񡣡ʱҶʥʱ֮ݸ̫𡢻𣬻Сˣһһġ
СԼʦƴӣԾӹ죬ʱѾָࡣ
̫Ҳû˵ʲôҶǳΡ
ȴһ㶣˵ҿ󷨣ֻغׯܶǿƿ󷨰ɡ
һԵֻ˵磬ȻҶƿ󷨣϶ĵ
Ҷʥ˵Ϊֻׯǰƿʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ҸϣǷסԵƿ󷨡
ԭˣˣҾΪɣ˵ͷֻеϾʵ̫Сˡ
Ҷʥ˻ĵģɵЦģ죬ʱΪһ壬Էӳλս
Ŷ۾һɵôϲ̫ˣڿԺݺݵؽѵڰǸ쵰ˣ
ҶʥԲɵݸһЦ
䣡
ֻ֮ڴһ죬ȴǺڰ;ڹˡ
λǰٳ֡Ҷʥæ˵
̫Слˣݴ½ϼϷȥ
˴߶죬󷨣Ϊһ壬ɿֲϢ
Ϣ֮ǰСҪǿ󣬱ȺڰҲ˶١
ݴ½״ɵһ˷


1123 
䣡䣡䣡
ݴ½ϼǿϣ͵رͨ쳹صǿϢᴩǿգ
ԶԶȥֻ̫СˣȫҵĹâ֣ǿϢǴϱġ
Ϊ߱ںˣʵﵽλ񼶱𣬲󷨣յǿ
ֱַľϵˮϵ򡢻ϵ
Сսƿľϵ򣬸Ҹ̫ơ
̫ƿˮϵͻϵֶս֮սḻһƿˮһƿػ
ڰëڣں֮սҲȻǣڰչ
ڰһһֱȥ
Сĵ㣡̫Щģæȥ
Ͼڰ񣬶ֻ󷨲ڵȲ
̫ȵǣȻڰһɳȥȴûˣɼǵʵǺܶࡣ
λ۷壡
ڰŶ汻һɳȥĻͫ׽һš
û뵽󷨣Ȼûӵкһʵǻûľ磬޷ȫӳԼղŸ޷һɻˡ
⵽ʲô󷨣Ȼôڰɵÿɫ
߱󣡡ɫͬѿ
ȫıˣǰδڸһӡ
δ֮УΪʥħıѣֱӾɱ˻𣬲شֻ̫
ȻׯܵıѣӺ󷽾߽ݴ½
ңֻɱֻ̫򱻺ڰɱˡ
ֻʣһҶ죬񣬴Ӷλһ壬һ̤񾳽硣
Щδ
ȻǻסһҲûϵӰ첻˴֡
Сĳ֣ȴˣû뵽ģãСȻǺڰĶ֡
ׯܵķһʼþˣΪ̫ˣδ󣬱仯̫ˡ
ֱڣ߱ĳ֣þ𳹵ɫѿˡ
ֻ߱Լãݴ½Щǧ꣬ĳɾ͡ɫ
Ƿǳݴ½󷨣ġ
ң˺ܶ࣬һǧķܣݴ½ܳ񼶱ʦ
ûдﵽ־硣
ʣ϶𶯵ֽţֻݴ½ĳˣΪ񼶱ʦ
ˣпܾҶ졣
֮¶ӣ֮¶ϣãõúܡɬЦݡ
ˣԼеĲãǰԶСˡ
룬ܻٵǡ
ֻûôĥҶ졣
ĻûĴڣݴ½㲻ܷô飬ȫԺͺƽƽسɳ
ʱҶ츳ȻȻسΪǿߡ
ֻǣֺƽȴ޷Ҷ츳һ
Ҫ֪Ϊݴ½ЩôΣݴ½ŵõ˲ϵسɳֻׯ
һ㣬;𣬻кڰ񣬶ǹû
ڰëʵҲˣҵĻ֣ԶĹЦҲû뵽󷨵ôǿ󣬾Ȼӵڰһս
£޹˼ɣ˫ݻ֣źڰɱȥ
¡¡Կõ޴Ļ֣ΧŻˮϵһˮεշѹǿա
̫֮ƣ̫һ߼й˹һ̫֮ƣѹ޾ǿգǿֲѹ񼶱ս֮£ͬһȻ١
˶ӵλ۷սһһˮˮݣ
ڰɫڱˣһ壬ټһͬȼ̫ȴеޱȼɵˡ
ңһСһԻ
̫սС϶٣ֵͬΧǺڰҲԵֵ
𣡡ڰضŲԶľȵ
̫˵ΧѾѹסˣȻʱû£ʱˣ϶սܵġ
ʱֹ
ڰԮвûԥãʲôƵģ͵شһ޾ʱ֮
һ˲䣬̫𡢻𣬻С˵ӣסˡ
ڵһƬǿգʱ·ֹͣˣǵ飬񣬶סˡ
ǵ˼붼ֹͣת
ʱֹռͬʱһֹеһжֹͣˣ·㲻֮У˵˼붼ᱻ
ռֻǽƬռѣˣҲֻΪռѹȣ޷˵˼뻹ܼת
ۣ
һѪҼѪʮѪɫһɷס
Ҫ֪̫ڿλ񣬶һλ۷徳ǿߣҪǣҪʱ̫֮Ӵġ
ûӴʱֻ֮ܺķһЩѪ뱾Դܵصķɡ
ˣҲֹ̫˶á
Ѿ㹻ˡ
ںڰּĸ˵ǽֹһ˲䣬Ҳǿһشɱ̫ˡ
ȥɣڰűֹ̫ˣɵЦ
ֻǣһ̣Цˣ˶վǿ֮Уһ
ţһ漴ƺ뵽ʲô͵ؿݴ½
ۣݴ½ֻҲڴѪ˶˵ϣҶʥţɫͬҰףȾҪҡ
ղţҲʩչʱֹúڰֹˡ
Ȼֻǽֹ˺ڰһˣȴûоʵܵķɱȾҪأûˣ涼ѷ졣
ãͨʱ䷨򣬿Լ޸

ֻҲʱ䷨ҶֻȻԤָԤս
ңһռ䷨ׯܡ
һʱ䷨һռ䷨򣬸պÿԿ
䣡
Զǿ֮Уڰ̫˶׷ʱֹһɱ
ڰûмþ֣ΪҲˣٳҲûãȫǶһ١
ɺްڰŭ
ȵһǧ꣬ò׵ȵȴû뵽һ󷨡
ǧŬǧĲ֣ͷһա
һԵľҲͬ飬һǧѵ飬Ⱥڰ١
ֻû뵽ȴĽ
ڰ;Ĳġ


1124 ϵӡ
߱Уսڼݴ½鶼ٵˣΪڰѾ̫˸ѹסˡ
һټ󷨵ƣڰ벻ܶС
ɶ񰡣ڰŭҪǵЩڣ㲻̫ˣҲԱ
ڣȴѹסˡ
Ϊһ񣬶һλ۷弶ĸ֣ڰһЩǿиֱĵơ
˵һλ񣬺ڰҲܰȻߡ
ϧǣż̫Σˣڴʱ򣬺ڰѾĵƣЩĵˡ
ĻҲͲᱻô׾͸ѹʱ档
˵ٶ඼ûˣڰѾ׷Ҷʱ䱾ԴͿռ䱾ԴˣΪֻҪڣ޷ַݴ½
ܹ̤λ񾳽硣
ǣڰȻﵽλ۷徳磬Ҫͻƽλ񾳽磬ȴǶʱڿԴﵽġ
ԣҲҪʮʱ䣬ʱ򣬿ݴ½ˡ
룬ֻ̫ׯܡҶЩˣȫǻΪġ
ʱ򣬲ַݴ½ҪЩ˵׷ɱˡ
ڰҲʵ𣿡Цţûиоôʹֱ̫ˬˡ
ʱսѱڰɱжԺڰĺޣʮҲϴˢɾ
ֻʹرڰ񣬲ܵ졣
ϵܣ𣬸Ҹ㱨ѩˡǾ޴Ļ֣Яſֲΰշѹǿգ档
ΪȥӢұѩޣ̫ҲʦھŻʣҲΪڰѪˡ
ɱСֳ˻ʽԽԵʥַӶе˻ʽÿһһ貳ҵĽâݴ½
ڰ񷣣
ǿߵĹڰǴ޾ĺڰӿȣȫƴˡ
Ǻܿϧֵ̫̫ǿˣӲ˺˺ڰķĽ䣬ϡ
ͣ
ڰ񵹷ɳȥѪ磬ɫΪǿ壬ʱѾʼѷˡ
Ѿ˱ıԵ
Ҫ֪ǳֲһǲܻᱻġ
һˣô޸ҲǳѣҪķѵıԴ̫ˡ
ԺڰʵҲָֻܻĴΣͱˡ
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֣һнпܡһԵľȴЦ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷ˵һʱ磬˶꣬ʱ䶼ı䡣ң˽󷨣Ѿ۳֮ˡ
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ΧеһУЩ򣬶ռѹסˡ
ѹƷôܣڰɴ۾š
һԵľ̫Ҳ𾪲ѡ
Ϊǵӡ֮У߼
ڣҶеöϵӡȴѹסΧķֻʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ûбѹơ
ģ򣬾Աѹסˡ
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ҶԼҲǷǳԾ֪ϵӡǳû뵽ȻֿµĹܡ
ңõȵϵӡǿ󣬿ʱ䷨ռ䷨ܹѹơ
ѵռǱȷҪӸ߼Ҷ̲ס²⵽Щ𺳡
ռҶ˽̫ˣһжԼģ·׻ﵽʲôزԼҲ
ڰþʱ򣬺ڰѾǹɻĺڰ򣬰ڳſϵӡѹƣγһħҶɱ
ȥɣڰΪ֪ȥֻҶϵӡԽԽǿ󣬵ʱڰ򶼲ܶˣɡ
ҶСģ
̫ȵ
СҲ˹ȴҶˡ
õģʲôˣҶһ߶öϵӡͳźڰѹȥ
ʲôȫˡڰöϵӡݺݵغȥ
䣡
캳ء
ǹɿֲĹݺݵغϵӡ棬Ȼȴ޷öӡȫӡˡ
ôܣڰ֮ͫɫ
һԵľҲš
öϵӡ·һУ˺ڰĺڰ򶼸˽ȥ
лˡҶ첻ɵùЦ
ֻöϵӡ˺ڰĹ֮󣬱˸貵Ĺâ
ԼԼԿõһ߲ҫųҵĹâһɿֲĵͬһ㣬չ˵ǰ
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1125 ڰ
ʲô
˶е߲񵶣ɺ𺳣Ϊֹâ̫ˣֲֿĵǵ궼ڲ
̫ˣţǰ߲񵶣
һԵ̫Ҳòȥ𾪵ĵһǵһοκζﶼȱѵȴ˼¡
ѵӦôڣҲ𾪵
ĵ˸еޱ𺳣߱󣬶ϵӡĹâѹȥˡ
һ̣֮䣬ǿ֮Уֻʣһҵ߲񵶡
ûʲôߣͽѣڰߵֻȴ˾裬ֻ۾߲񵶡
𣿡ҶһЦ漴߶ϵӡǱ߲񵶣ʱźڰնȥ
ڰ֮ܣڰһԼǰ۳һơţ˾ơ
ɴ˿ɼڰȻû˵ȴǳɵ߲񵶡
ʵϣΪһλ۷弶ǿߣôܿϵӡв
ȥɣ
Ҷȵ
䣡
ϵӡҵĹâΧķѹƵĸˣûнӽڰ񣬱Ѿúڰǰĺڰܸ֮еˡ
ⲻܣڰ־ֿ֣š
޼᲻ݣҶбҵ⣬͵غȵ
ৣ
Ǳ߲񵶣һɫĳ磬ƺڰ֮ܣͬжһǳɵ˺ʮڰ֮ܡ
꣡󣬾ڰ壬һ߲նϡ
¡¡߲񵶵նϣڰ֮бҵĲʹ⣬һֲĵâ峹˺ѡݻˡ
䣡
ڰӹһ٣Զ壬ֻɫȴԵ÷ǳϢ½˺ܶ࣬Ȼܵش
öϵӡȴȻޱȣֲ߲񵶣ôǿ֮У֮С
ҶԼҲһˡ
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λ۷弶ǿߣ߱󹥻ôãŽһζѡ
ڣ߲񵶣ֻһ˺˺ڰ塣
ֹ̫ˣԴﵽλ񼶱ˡ
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ˣԼǰռҲֻǸոŶѣֻ۳ϵӡ̤ռĵá
ռʽ򵶹һ޼᲻ݡ٣һϵӡʩչǿ౶
ͬλ۷弶Ҷ켴ʩչռǹҲֻǱȺڰǿһЩѣܴﵽֵز
ϵӡȴܹô࣬ռĿ¡
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ҪǣҶ֪Լϵӡյ㣬ܼ
⿴ܹѹƷ֪ˡ
Ҫһ죬ܹѹʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򡭡Ҷ춼Щˣ浽ֵزҲĶˡ
˷򶼱ѹˣǼֱ
ȻҶҲףҪﵽһʵ̫ˣȳΪҪ
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츳ٸߣٸߣһû㹻ʱ䣬Ҳѳɹ
ֻֻصʽʱ򣬾Ѿ漰ʱ䷨ˡȥ꣬ŴֻصʽӶʱ䷨
ʱһۣţҪʱĻۡ
ҶڳΪλˣԺÿǰһҪķѵʱ䣬ɱӡ
ڰһģܹΪ츳Բ٣ԴӳΪ֮Ҫʮ꣬ϰ꣬
䣡
ͻȻڰ𣬳֮ȥ
õ񣬾Ȼѡˡ
ţҶһ㶣ƺû뵽ղŻҪѡƴĺڰʱȻѡܡ
ڣûзӦ
ûзӦ̫ͻȴǳصģں֮飬ʵںڰ֮£ס˺ڰ
ڰû뵽ҲܰҶЦ߶ϵӡźڰն
ڰнƴɲװ
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ٲģڰҲ޷ֹϵӡѹǳҵ߲񵶣ſֲһ˺塣
䣡
ڰԶ壬ֻ˫֮Ѿ˾α壬ıԴѾĵĴ롣
ΣıԴͻ᳹ʧˣʱֻ׸ˡ
ҶЦͷϿգϵӡɢųҵĹâ
Ǳ߲񵶣·һ֮˺һС
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û뵽վżˣҲãһĹҲҵˡڰЦ
ݴ½һ󼤶˷ܡ
ʱڰǵجΣǻĸԴ
һǧ꣬ԴӺڰ֮ݴ½ߣһֱںڰĿ־֮С
ǧ֪жӢںڰУе츳ֻׯ֮¡
ʧݴ½˵ʵ̫ˡ
ڣǿڿԱʱϲúͼֱ޷ˡ
ڰΪ㣬ݴ½ȥ̫ӢˣҾΪǱѩޡҶ
˻ʡ̫̫֮ӢˣЩڻţݴ½Ķ
һеĸԴǺڰ
ɱҶ𣬴߶ϵӡźڰնȥ
ɱڰҲǴɲԸųȥҪս֮ȥ
¡¡ںڰ֮£öϵӡڱˣһɽһʯ
Ҳ˶ѣڰٴαΣľıԴ
Ҷ֣ڰԼˣΪƬǿ֮С
ڴʱöϵӡȴЩƬɵһɶ
ţǺڰ򡭡ҶͻȻϲ
ΪϵӡﷴǺڰ򣬶Լоڰģʱõһλλ۷ǿߵĲֺڰ򣬶ʱĺڰٽ
̶Ƭ֮䣬ҶľλڣﵽڣǺڡ۷塭
վֻǺڰһֺڰֻҶﵽλ۷壬ûﵽԲ硣
ҪﵽԲҪҶԼ򣬿Ӷ˵ģվܳɹ
һҶҲ׼ԲûһʧܹһӴﵽλ۷徳磬Ѿʡ˼ʮꡢϰˡ
ǴԵ


1126 λһ
ȻûдﵽλԲ磬ҶѾǳˣϾôС磬ʡʱˡ
Ҫ֪ʥħׯţʱڣ߰ٶˣҲŴﵽλ۷徳ѡ
Ҷܴ꣬ﵽ̶ȣٶѾĿɿڴˡ
²̫̰ģҶѾˣɱ˺ڰ񣬽ݴ½ѣΪôࡣ
Ҷڿɿˡ
ˣ
ڰˣ
̫ˣ

ںڰһ̣ݴ½飬ȫ
ݴ½ǣȻ̫˽ԼȱǻҲ˷ܲѡ
һǧˣݴ½һǧ꣬ʤˡһʱϱпݺᡣ
ôһλλˡսս֮Уֵľĸоһֱͷ
֮ĹԼ׼˹ײġ
ںˣڰˣҲսˡ
֮𣿺ڰˣһģ˵ˣ֮ļӣ֮䣬ȴΪ
ݴ½
ĺã
ݴ½һ˷ܡ
ֻ𡢻ˣҲм
úõһΪʲôô̰ģҲˡׯҡҡͷ޷ڰһλǿߣΪʲô֪ܵż
ǲĲпᣬǿڰҲһλ֮еͼڡ
ݴ½ðһǰżһڰҲģҪߵĸߣҪΪס
ȻûѵͣڰҲֻðһƴ
û뵽Ȼܹߵһ߱⣬̾гһ˿ںޡ
֪ҶܹӮҲñݴ½ˡ
ڣһӢ˲˵Ҫݴ½ǿߵѡ
߰ɣѡһѾˡʥħ𵭵˵ҲЩںޣֻǵ磬ȻˣʧˣҲԸڡ
ߣߣЦһ̣ǲסҡҪ
ȻǵΪȥ뿪˼ңȴǸо˹¶
ȥڰ½ʥħ˵
˵ͷڵ޼ʵǿ֮й¶Ǿֻȥڰ½
٣ǵΪȥ˺ڰ½һͳߡ
£ʥħ뿪ݴ½
ֻأҪ𣿡ׯܲ棬ȴǿʥħɵʵ
ˣҲΪݴ½˺ܴĹףڹֻҡҡͷֻǿʥħıӰ
֪һ𣬿Ժˡ
ս֮飬ΪһεıѾɢˡ
µֻҲֻܸпһˡ
߱УҶϵӡĿ⿴˾
ҲڿҶ죬вûʲô;ֻһƽ֮ɫ
Ҷ죡
̫ͻ𿪿ڡ
ȻҶȴҡҡͷ֮飬ǲҪ֣˳󷨰ɡ
̫ͻԲɵöһۣ漴Ҷ˵ͷ˳󷨡
ʱ֮ڵǿ֮УֻʣҶ˶Գš
žƽɫҶЦ㵹̹ȻĪǻʲôƲɣ
ҵĵѾ͸ˣٶҲáҡҡͷ·һƽ飬û˿ľͲʡ
ڲſףϧѾˡҶߵ
Ҷ컹ЩøУԷݴ½ʢҲûжʲô˺
Ǿȴ̫ˣҶڽʱ֮ǰǻھƿ֮С
ֱŪڹ֮еĸоɲܣҶ𣬶еǳķŭ
ǰˣңǱһöӶѡ𵭵˵
ʲô˼Ҷüͷ
ΪôתһλõѵķһУɾ㣿¶һЦЦЦݡ
ȵں㣬ҾǱ𣬺һ˵Ҷߵ
Ǳλ𣬻ݴ½Ҷ죿Ц
ǱҲҶ졣Ҷߵֻȴһ˿
ò˵ĻҶһ˿ɡ
㱻֮۱ƵòתҲǰļ䡣
Ͼһû˼䣬ԭǸ
Դ룬ѡ
ѵһ죬ûҵһУ뵽Ҷʱһ亹ΪԺܴ

ҶĿܿᶨ
ҵǰƿأҵĺԲƿأҶ죬ԶҶ죡
Ҷⱬ䡣
ܱǲʲôıöԷóѣѾҶˣǱ
뵽ҶĿ⿴˾㻹𣿡
ûˣֻϣСı𣬾㲻ԸңҲҪָԼ˵
ʲôʱôģҶ켥Ц
ңǴӱϷѳĴڣĳ̶ֳ˵ֵܡԣԸȫ㣬ҲԸñɹ𵭵˵һƬ̹Ȼ֮ɫ
о仰û˵
ǿԳɹģȴΪĲãʹһмƻһ
ԣг˶ԱԹޣ˵ⷬΪ˱
֪ˣҶ˵ͷû˵ʲô
ʼɣλһ壬ǧˣת֮ڿԳˡ˵գըˣһö˳Ҷ졣
Ҷ첢û赲ôؿöԼ壬ȻԼȥ
ʱҶ߶ϵӡԤַһʲôϵӡ
Ҷǣû˿ôҶˡ
ǹε꣬ҲҶˡ
ǧҪСı𡭡Ǿʧǰһ仰
Ҷһȴûж˵ʲô
ʱ򣬰žȥҶоԼ·һ
һ̣оԼ꣬Ǳ߲һȱ̫ˡ
ͬʱܹܵԼԣڳɱӡ
ԣԿռ䷨ʱ䷨棬ﵽ˲˼
ת֮Ȼһм䣬ʧȥеʵǹԣȴǱ̳
龳磬츳ѾܹؼĻԡ
ǽ޳ǰϷ硢ˣΪԸߣڳ֮ȴǽ׷ԺҪԽϷǡ
ԵҪ
Ҷǳλ̫ʱʱֻ˵̫츳ǳڣȴֻѹ̫һ
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̤һؿסǧǧֻмߵԣʱ̤׾硣
ԣҶ쿴ԼԷʱеǳ˷ܡ


1127 
źڰ䣬ݴ½ڻֵĺ֮УǼ˷ܵߣǻ
ȺǣҲۼһ𣬴Ⱦƣڳ⣬òʹ죬·й⼸һ
Ҷں˾Ҳ漴ȡѹڿռתеʱ֮ǣۡ
ͬʱռתҲҶ˳
˵һ󣬾ͻһݴ½һּĨҶ쿴ǰĿռת󣬰뵽
ⲿּǹʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ģϾ֪ͬʱһ顣
ֻһ㣬Ҷ첻֪òøֻ˵
ˣ˵ҲûãʱǵļȻᱻĨգҶҡҡͷ
ûмڿռתҶص˾칬ڲ֮ټֻˣݴ½顣
ͥһУҶ쿴ֻ̫𡢻СˣȻ˵Ҳ֪ռת飬һݴ½ԼܱߵһЩ򣬶ᱻͳżصļ򡣡
ڿ뿪طˣ棬ڴԲɵùЦ
˵֮и߲ε׺ڰҲһλѣ治֪Щжôֲ̫Ҳڴ
Ҷǵͼڵ֮УһߴҲֻߴ֮һ磬ǹޱ߰ׯڴ
ֻȴǽܶ࣬˵ȻܾʣͬΣգһһЩȺڰҪǿǿ¾ûôˡ
仰·һˮһ̫˵ͷϣ侲
ȷޱߣ֡
棬ͬкܶ໵ˣЩȺڰӵǿ
ʱǿûʱˣһ߱Ҳֵֻܵλѣ޷ֵλϵǿߡ
ֻش˵ĲҲټĿģһ飬ٵʱҶ˵
ʱؿҶ졣
ҶЦ˵ûݴ½棬һµ㣬һոµʱ
붼ЩʱЦˡ
һԵ̫ЦҶϵܣֱ˵ɣȻˣ϶мƻݴ½ʲôƻֱ˵Ƕġ
̫˵ûҶնɱ˺ڰ֮Ѿݴ½ﵽ۷塣
ң߱Ҷ첼õģټﵽλ۷徳ʵȫݴ½һˡ
ǿΪټϵ˵ҶѾΪݴ½ˡ
̫˵ЦˣǰһҵȷЩƻȷοһ£ҶЦ˵
СӸϽֱ˵ɣǫƨһԴߴٵ
ǰǰ˵ԴӺڰ֮ЩϼһﳹˣʼЩӦˣҵ̫Ц
ҶԲɵһЦ˵ðɣҾֱ˵ˣԹޱߵ棬Ҿݴ½Ҫγһ壬ܷɢһΣѵֵ
˵Ҫؽ۹أ̫˵
Ƕǻ˼˲Ҷ˼
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ɣ֮пɲֹݴ½һȺԲٽ۹ء
Ҳԣֻ˵ͷ
ʦ׼ʲôС
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵һ֣ͽɣֻеԱﵽ񾳽磬ԶΪĵԱԺ󣬵ݴ½Ĵ飬ɵԱǹͬͶƱ
ü˵Ҷϵܣ֪ݴ½жٸ𣿵λһٶλλǧλôĵԱǹƽݴ½Ĵƣˡ
ͷУ֪Ҷϵϲƽݴ½Ҫ죬Ļһд鷢ɻң޷һʱֻ֯Ҳ˵
ҿҪһУûмׯ
͸ҶϵܣһεˣǼ˵
Ҷֻ˶û˿ʵǶݴ½ĹͣҶ춼ģ֮λĪ
ҶЦû뵽ֻ˵ķӦô࣬ɵóƬ̣ټ˵λ˵꣬Ȼݴ½кܶ񣬵ǵȵݴ½֮ǾЩ񻹻ݴ½𣿾ǣңҲҪȥôݴ½
㵹ǲ˵ͷ
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ʱݴ½飬ж
ȻˣͷУеֻǼ˵
һ㣬̫ͻׯܵ˶ͬ⣬СȻҲû
ðɣҶĳͺƤһεˡҶЦ֪ҲƲˣҲ⣬ϾҲʱҪ뿪ݴ½
ͶǼʣµΪԱھ̹ȥ˵գת뿪˾칬¸֪Щǡ
ֻҶ죬ʵҶϵܣ׼ʲôʱռת󣿡
齨ϣ̿ҶƬ̣漴˵
ϣǰһõط̫ǿߣǵİֻ˵
ֻأĲ֣ÿܻ𣿡һԵׯЦ˵
ҲԣǺεֶΣˡֻԳЦ
ô˵齨ϣռת֮ǻҪǲ飬ܵǿղ̽һ£ȷûΣ֮󣬲뿪ݴ½̫
ǱģҶ˵ͷ漴˵ңѾὨǼʴ󣬵ʱԲһЩҲʱԮ
󷨻ʱҲѧϰһˡ̫˵
ǰǰҪʵԿڰڲˣǿóһЩʱоˡֻЦ˵
ׯҲ˵ͷڰһսȫǶ߱İǲŻɱ˺ڰ
ԣһЩݴ½飬󷨵Ҫԣʱѧϰˡ
󷨵ȷֵѧϰҶ΢΢ЦѾ֮ģһ񶼺ⷽȨˡ
ֻǣûõ֮ɽ⿿ֻԼ󷨣ǾͻڰһΪˣҲ֮ġ
һ㣬ҶҲܰǣֻܿԼŬˡ


ڶʮ 


1128 
Ҷ齨Ϣܿʹݴ½龡Ӧûһͬ⡣
Ϊ飬齨ǳ˳ϣһ޴Ϊı
֮Ҷ㱻ƾΪһεֻ̫𡢻ׯܡСλλƾΪ
ʣµ񣬾ԳΪԱݴ½ĿǰߵȨˡ
ĵһȫ֮ϣҶһº󣬿ռת뿪һǧż
еĵԱȫƱͨ顣
ңݣܿʹݴ½ݴ½֪
Щͼ˵ݸǲûжϵΪû𾳽ʵݴ½ɲȥ˵ǹǿˡ
ʵϣֻʥϵߣ֪ʲô
ЩͨǣǼѣڴһºĵ
һڣĽֹƶҲһһԱо˳ȻͨʵС
˵һڣҶѹû뿪ڴЩ顣
ִߣͷݴ½һЩ飬мѺЩȵȣ̫ˡ
ҿСһ԰ҶҪͷˡ
Сһٶľ칬ͳµһɣⷽо顣
һµʱܿ͹ȥˡ
һ죬Ҷе֮⣬ԶУվ飬ڹš
λµʱҪˡҶǰ˵
ɣҶȲˣЦ
ûôˡ̫ҲЦ˵
һڴؿҶ졣
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ڴɽ˿ռתС
һˣŽµĿռתҶ̾һ漴߶֮ģ׼󷨡
䣡
һͬһ죬֮бɽһֲ
ͬʱһҵĹޱȵ貺ҫۣ汬񷣬޾ǿա
䣡䣡䣡
ԽԽ࣬γһ޴Ĺݴ½ԼΧȫ档
ԶԶȥ·һ޴ĵһ㡣
Ҫ뿪𣡡
ھݴ½ԶǿգվϤӰʥħ
ؿűֵݴ½һĬ
ڹ¶ǿ֮У˾ͷ·ǱĸĹ¶
ֵܹ˭أһУǵѡҲֻܹԼ
¡¡
һ춯صĴ죬ݴ½ڵƬǿգʱȥ·һ
Ŀռ籩Ű˺壬ǳĿֲ
йݴ½ȴû˿Σա
أΧǿյĿռ䷨ȫɫԣγһƣݴ½
ԶԶȥʥħȵط֣ݴ½·𽥽ʵתΪ͸һһһģȥ
̲ûгãգݴ½ڵƬǿգֻʣһƬžޣһڡ
ݴ½ԼܱߵȫʧӰˡ
Ƭǿ֮Уһ˿ݴ½ϢֻʣһƬޡ
ʥħһۣɵһ̾תȥ
һ𣬿궼ټˡ
֪ݴ½ᱻ͵ʲôطȥ

ڿʼˣ
ݴ½֮أҶ쿪ռת֮󣬱˳һۿݴ½ı仯
УѾ֣ʹöǿһС
ңĿռ䷨֮£ҶʶҲ޷͸
ɲһĿռ䷨򣬶Ŀռ䷨öԱݣҶǵռ䷨ֻһˮǰĿռ䷨ȴһƬ
ôֲĿռ䷨ڳǶеźͿ־壬ΪֻҪЩռ䷨һܽݴ½ٵܻ
Щռ䷨ǳȶֻǰסݴ½ݴ½д͡
䣡
ͻȻһɲʺӿռת·һƬɫӣᴩ񷣬գݴ½
ʱ䷨򣡡
Ҷֻͬʱ
漴Ǳ㿴Щʱ䷨򣬷·һֻ޴ƣסݴ½
˲䣬СֹͣСͣ˰УˮҲ޷Ŵ׼˵ˣסˡ
ݴ½һеֹˡ
ҶֻҲֹˣǱϾʱ䷨˼뻹ܹתԴ˵
Ҷϵܣô£ֻɵýش
м鱾ǲ׼ģİţڿռתʱµĺֻĨݴ½ͬʱʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ϢҶ˵
ŶʲôԵɣ˵𣿡ֻʱͬʱҲ˿ҶȻ֪ǾͲ¡
˵ñ֪ͬʱʱ䷨ռ䷨򣬻ܵ׷ɱҶ˵ֻΣԲû
ԭˣֻʱȻ漴֤ģϢҲ͸¶ȥ
Ȼֻش磬ʵֻشҲҪ¶ʱ䷨ٲ򲻵ѣǱΪҶ˵ͷ漴ѵ
ˡֻ˵ͷ
Ͼһ˵񾳽һʵ̫ˣ涼ҵõš
ΪţֻҪܹΪףôԺΪĿԷǳ
𰡣ǿվ۷壬޵е
ԣҪñ֪츳ôƥﻳĵֲֻǲ֪

ɽϵһƬƫƧǿա
ɽϵڵһСϵֻһСϵҲһٸżҪöࡣ
ʱɽϵڵһƫƧǿ֮УͻȻһųҵĹâ֣ǿա
ǳƫƧΧûϵڣû˷⾪˵һĻ
ųҵĹâɢ֮¶ٿлһźǣɢȵ
ʣǱͳݴ½ԼܱߵһЩ
ţֹͣ𣿡ݴ½ϣҶüͷ
Щʧݴ½ҲָƽЩǰֹ࣬Ҳһָ
Ҷ죬ǳ𣿡̫ʵڸղŵһĻǵãҶӵʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨
Ҷֻ𰵰һۣ漴˵ӦǵˣΧǻҪ鿴һ²С
飬һλλ񣬳˷ʼѰͲ̽ȸǵλ˵һЩĻֻ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ҲôģǸڵλãԼܱЩвһж̫ˡ
ܿ;ȫƱͨһλλ񵱼ʼ԰Ϊޣʱû
Ҷ졢ֻЩλݴ½ûвж


1129 
һλλȥ̽ϢʱҶݴ½żˣ˳ڰϣܹﵽλԲ硣
⣬ϾʱҲһҶҵӵܺ;칬ӵܣʹ˲ǿߡ
ȻҶҪĻԼ˵ʵļӣľѩöˣʣµļˣҲĶѻ£ﵽʥ硣
ֻҪʥʥǷǳļѣҶʱҲ޿κΡ
ﲻż汾Դӳ֣ʥҲܹꡣ
ټʱ󷨵İʥܹǧ꣬ҶͲǼӣǧ꣬ܳ
ӣȥʮ꣬ʮꡭ
ݴ½߶Щ飬ÿ˵ʵڻš
ңÿʮֻ꣬𡢻̫ׯܡСҶǼˣ񽲽һ顣
һЩѧҲϧشڳȥʵ
ʱܿȥˡ
һ죬һλλˣս
λϱǳأݴ½ҲܸߣļλҶ
֪Ҷǵżһʱ䣬׼ʱ㱨Ϣˡ
£λٴ
ս磬˵˵̽Ϣɣ֮󣬻Ȳʵ
սҶ죬мλ֮ĬĬ֯һԣſ˵뿪ݴ½֮һֱǰ˲ƣֱ򣬲Żͣ鿴һ¡
սϸ磬𣿡Ҷ첻ɵúʵ
࣬кܶ࣬һ꣬˲ڼٸ򡣡ս˵
˻һһƬȻ
սֻǰһѣֻǰһ꣬ϻʱ䣬սֻǰʮѡ
ʮмٸжһ֡
սϸ磬˵Ҷ˵
ս˵ͷ˵Ȼҷ˺ܶ򣬵ҸеֵǣЩϵǳ
飿Ҷüͷһ壬׼ȷطս
ս˵ֻݣΪЩϵ鲢ָ࣬ĹﶼУǧٹ֣ʵ󡣡
˵գս񻹴߶ģЩ˵ӡ
λǿǶ۾ˣû˫ֻۣһ۾ʮɡǵֻ۾µĹߣС
ǶȣǳʱһֱֻֻۣŵΪߣֱۡһʮֱֻ۵Ķȣ൱λʵˡ
Ǻˣȫī࣬ǵľǳǿſռ˲Ƶ츳֮ʩչ˲ƣǲС

սһģЩ˵ӣһ߽ܵ
λ񣬰ҶԼǴ۽磬ԾЩһֵ˾ˡ
սϸ磬ղ˵Щϵ鶼ǳжȵսܵĲʱҶʵ
Ҳ˹ĵģȻݴ½˲빥򣬵ҲϣԼԱһǿܵвġ
Ҷѯʣս¶һ˿ֵɫ˵Щϵʵǳ⼸ٸ򣬼ҲֻмǧλλȻֻʮλϵǿ߸ûС
ɣôҶһ㶣š
˵ˣڵλ񶼲š
˵ݴ½ɳһλ񣬶ܺɨЩˡ
ǿ粻˵ߣ񵽴ɼŶԣôô
һǵǳͼϣÿһҪܵһλﶼˡս漴˵
Ϣ𣿡Ҷʵ
ûˣǵļ齻ƺǳ֮һ㶼ѡȥǳȥ飬һҲûлս˵
Ҫȴ˻̽ΧûʲôǿʵҲ֪ܲˡҶ˵
λҲ˿
£ݴ½ȴ
֮ԽԽλعˣһϢ
ЩϢս࣬ݴ½ǿȻкܶ򣬵ǵʵǳݴ½ɳȥһ񣬶ܺɨǡ
ֱϷĻع飬ŴһЩҪϢ
һΣٴ
ҶѯʣϷڵҲˣڵϵɽϵڰɽ
ɽϵ
ɽ
Ҷڣ˶һɻ
ҶҲֻǶϵЩ˽ˡ
Ϸ͵Ϊ̫ԱΪСϵϵڵ򣬱ʮڵϵһСϵɽϵ
ʮ򣡡
һԣǵһ
һɽСϵѾӴˣжôӴ
λ
ˣϷ磬ղ˵İɽʲôҶʵ
Ϸдһ˿𺳣˵ָ㲻Ǹ˵ֻҪΪףͻݱΪ磬ָ
ô˵⸽һλ׼ǿˣҶ𾪵
ΧһҲ𺳲ѡ
ǿװ
ˣ׸жôֲ
ˡϷҡҡͷ˵ڵɽϵֻڰɽѡУÿһһôλɽǺԶء
ҶȻνɽϵڰɽҲֻ൱һǳضѣһһСǡ
ˣһˣΧ֮ûʲô飬ΪЩ඼Ǿۼڰɽ֮УҲǰɽ׵ڣһĿռ䡣ȻҲкֻܶɽϵǳСԼǿҲˡϷ˵
Ϸ磬ɷ֣ɽϵǼҪעҶʵҲҪ֪ġ
ϷЦ㲻õģɽֻһСϵֻҪע⣬ǵ춼λ񣬲Ӧûкڰǿ߱󣬵ǲþ¡
ŶȻҲͲõˣݴ½ȫɽϵˡҶԣʱ˿
һݴ½Ҳ˿
ҲôģλϢ֮ҾҪǰɽˣǿߵļеأѾȲҪȥﴳˡϷ˵
ʵȻԶͣݴ½СطȥǱȻġ
ðɣǰɽټҶҲûֹϷ磬ʵϣҲҪǰɽ
ϾЩҪٽһǳѣֻгȥʶǿߵ磬Լʵ


1130 ;
һʮȥˣҶɳȥһٶλλȫˣҶ콫ǴϢһ£֪ɽϵĴˡ
һĿռ൱һôɽڣҲӦһСϵôĵﷶΧͽɽ
ͬǿգڣûĴڣֻһ½ޱ޼ʣһôĴ½
Ҷ֪Ϣеǳ𺳣ǸǶôӴĴ½˲һҲﲻͷ
ȻЩʱҶעģѾɽˣֱǳຣƵɽ絺ֱһλλɽǿˡ
ɽһǿ
ɽڰɽ۹ľӣָٷӡ
ǵĴڣһɽϵһɽάɽ
һҲҶ֮УôӴûйٷʹˡ
ҶҲ֪ɽųһλ񼶱ĴڣΪɽŷǳİȡ

Ҷ콫ЩϢ֮һλλݴ½飬׼뿪ˡ
Ҷֹ涨ˣֻдﵽλ񾳽磬뿪ݴ½λһҪݴ½
ϾܹȥĶλǼͼ飬ڻҡ
Ҷɲϣݴ½Щ䡣
ңҶѾˣݴ½ߣȱʸ̫ˡ
ݴ½ЩλȻݴ½ʵµģ棬Ǿһš
ֻҪǧꡢ֮󣬾Ͷ񼶱Ĵڣл񼶱
ԣҶȻǰװ
ЩλλҶҲҪǾҪǷֱɽ
ϾȰȫʵ
ЩѾﵽ񾳽飬ҶûκҪˣֻϣԼСˡ
Ͼܹﵽ񾳽ˣǶݴ½ţһǾսĥµĸǿߡ
ҶһҲǵİΣԼȥܹ̼ǵĳɳ
֮һ飬ʼ뿪ݴ½
ҶĶҶʥͽ̺СǣҲ뿪ݴ½
Ҷûм뿪ͬʱûм뿪ĸֻ֣
Ҷֻӵʱ䷨Ȼûдﵽ񾳽磬ȴʱ䷨ƳһѪܹӵʵԺʱɳ
ôҲΪ˸ݴ½һơ
ֻҪ˵ķټ߱ϣֻҪλ٣ݴ½Ͳ¡
ȻҶҲ˽ĵģϾļˡӶݴ½ȻҪһ߷ػǡ
ңͱͬһ˼룬൱ڵڶҶ죬Ҳܹǡ
ֱźһ֮ҶֻȺ뿪ˡ
˵ķһֻȥǳຣҶѡ˶
ֱֻ֮ҶԦŽԼ³˹һ𣬳Ŷ
ò˵³˹ʵƬ֮һΪҲﵽ񾳽硣
񾳽ҲԶˣٹܹˡ
꣬Ҷǰ˵ǳ
Ҷһǿ֮Ư˼ʮ֮Ͳʱˡ
һԪ1200꣬ǼԪĩڣҲꡣҶ쿴ǰǿգ̾
꣬Щ˵
ǶЩ˵ȴ̫ˡ
ԣ뿪ݴ½֮ҶѾټʱˣΪûκ塣
ʵϣЩ׶ԼֻǵԼ˶ٸԪ
ˣٹһ£Ǿִܵﶫˡ³˹ʱ򿪿˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˼ʮ·ȷõִﶫˡ
ΪʲôѡҪǶݴ½ҶΪݴ½죬ȻҪǿھӡ
ĻҪԺݴ½֣ҶҲܹһʱ֪
ңҶʱ׼붫Ͼ˽ĺ١ȼ붫Ȼ߳ȥ׵İ취
ˣһ򣬺³˹ָǰ˵
Ҷ쵱ȻҲˣɵ˵붫ԶﲼһǼʴԺݴ½ͷˡ
£Ҷ³˹
ݴ½Ҷһ·Ҳ˲Щ϶Ǽʴ
ȻҶѡĶûû˷Ĵˡ
ЩҶ´ݴ½ɽ͸Ҫϼʮ·ˣȻʱҶ˵ֵһᣬҲ˷ڸ·֮С
ңԺݴ½ЩȥҲͷˡ
ˣҲû顣³˹Ц˵
ûǾͿʶ̽±˷ˡ
ȻҲ£ǲҪ鷳ѡ
ʱҶѾʶɨˣһʵǳͼǿĴڣҲۼ𣬿ºٵˡ
ȻҲΪϵȽϵ£ֻǵù
Ҫ֪еҲһɲģƴеΣеĵطˣеĵطƽ˾
ͬеˣеĵطŨеĵطǳϡ
ǰڵ򣬱ˣǵù
ԴˣҶ쵹ǸеǳãϾһõĴͰȫˣ±˷֡
ˣȥһ¾ܹɡ֮³˹æ˵
ʱ䣬³˹ȥЩػ
Ͼ³˹鷨ʦóˣû˿Ա
Ҷ죬㴫һ似ʹΪǸǿ
֣Ҷ콫Ϊݡ
ݵĴڣҪΪػЩǼʴ󣬻оǽӴݴ½顣
ȥɣ㽨ˣȥô󡣡Ҷ˵ͷ֮ĺ󣬲Ǽʴ󣬶˵Ѿֵһˡ
һµĿʱ䣬Ҷ洦תתһķ顣
һ򣬲ǵߵȼΪšһʼۼ
䣬Ѿһˣһİ
ڻʼǶĳ֡
ۼֻʮڵĹңҲǿʮ۹
Ҷڱʮǿ۹֮һѩƵ۹ңǿ۶һɽ֮У۶ǳ
ҶЩǣʱ߳ɽӿңǸ֡
Ȼνĸ֣ԣҶǸֵһᡣ
ţȻмһ֣ǺǣҶʶһɨ֪ЩֵΪʵˡ
һ֣ϣҲǶĸˡ
ϾһĴڣʮ۹Ҳһ֮һ֮
ԣϣһֱڶǿˡ
ʱҶͷЩ˵Уһ֡
ôӿ˵أǿ϶ʲô飬Ҷ첻ɵЩ棬֮Уۿš
Ǵʱ䣬ÿ֡


1131 Фѩ
ѩƵ۹ĵ۶һɽɽ˵ѩƵ۹ѩƵĺѣ۾Ĺڡ
ѩƴۿܱ֮ߵ۹Ի񣬶ǿų۾æʹｭɽȹ̡
۾ѩƴΪһƴĹ
Ĺĵַڳɽ֮Уֻһֱû˷֡
ֱǰ˴˸ǳ۾Ĺص󷨣ʹĹ
ⲻһȺ۶ǿߣʱųɽӵֵȼߣһӦȱȫų۾ıض
Ϊдԣ۾似ֱ𱸷ݣһѩƴۣһݷĹ֮ᡣ
Ҫ֪һ۾ۼǿߵôܲڶ߼
⻹ǵ۶ߣ¹˶ãͻе۹ط߸бĵ۹߸
ۼǿߣѾϵ۷ڣû˻۾ıء
ԭǳģ
֮еҶ죬һߵļ֮һС
ʵϣٵɽʱѾֳ۾Ĺˣֻһλ۶ѣһֻϣû⡣
Ҷ漴ҡҡͷ˵ȻǿҲǼһֿƽģҪһЩʼֲܽƽ⡣
ȻԿ͸۾Ĺص󷨣һʼ󷨣һڱȽǿһֻʼ󷨡
ЩߣߵҲֻһ磬ֶûУôƵ󷨡
ԣЩעæһӡ
Ҷܹµõ²ú󣬻иǿߵ
ԣûм뿪ǻһͨߣ켣ɽ֮УȤؿһС
³˹Ҫһµʱ񣬶һµʱ䣬Ҷ˵ֵһᣬҲûʲôãԿⳡᱦսҲܹһȤ
ιФбƵҿ˵ˣһʼ󷨣һЩ֣޷󡣡
ѩݣĺˣФ˭ǿδʦȻҵʵ㣬ⷽ棬˭Ҳҡ
ʹţɣЩʦǻǧϹŶҲŲء
ǵƣֻҪ󷨣Ůѣòã
ҪⱾ£ѩݾ޸㶼С

ɽ֮УһһŮ꣬еȻǺӢһ˫͸ǵĹâ
Ůǳ崿ͷڼϣ۾ܴȻԵЩɬȻǾһŮ
Ҷ찵۲ţһܹע⣬Ϊǵʵ
ȻǷ϶Եġ
ФѾһ۷֣һҲԶˣǸѩݵŮһһ۷֣ҲԶˡ
Ҫ֪ǵ;Բᳬʮ꣬ȻѾʵ
츳ϣǾǶˡ
ԣҶЩ棬һ·
ȻˣҶ컹˵󣬿һλ֡
ҲһᣬФѩݲ͸Ҷ쾪ˡ
꣬ѩƵ۹ǿһеġ
ȤӦʶģǸֲܸǡҶдһ˿棬Ըǣһ·С
УҶ췢Фѩݶǵ۶ʼѧԺĸ֣ѩݸǻʼѧԺһǿ֮һ֮Ů꿡ĽĶ
ФҲǳ˲ʵڻʼѧԺȻǿģҲҪǣ󷨳ɾͣѾʼѧԺʦһǿģųҲѵһţԻΪʦ
Ҫ֪ϣǷǳġ
Ϊ߶Щƽ۹۹֮սҲһЩµս
ĴڣһսҪ
£һλʦ󷨣ǾԿԿɱһս޵С
ңЩʦʱ䲼ãܹóɱʼֵ󷨡
ΪˣФţѾյͶ֦Ϊ
ȻФ츳ǱϾûгɳҶǲܹƽʼ󷨵ġ
ѩҲţФĵر֤ǲƭˣѩݲŸġ
ҶҲȤؿţҪСһ
ѩݰٺ٣͹ԹԵŮѰɣȻڵ󷨻ƽʼ󷨡ȴ֪ʼ󷨵ʦ沼õģԶҷǳ˽⣬ʦڸҵֶΣƽȻЩ鷳Ҳ㹻ˡ
ŲԶڴ³ſѩݣФֺǺǵЦг˷ܡ
ѩģΪǻʼѧԺһģΪʼѧԺĵһŮ
Ůôܲ˶ġ
ФȻǻ۲һѩ֮󣬱ˡ
һֱФﶼѾ˼ӽѩݣò˵ŵҲɹˣѩݳΪѡ
ǰã۾ĹֵϢ֮ѩҲҪɽϣԵõ۾ĴС
Ф֪£Ըµһ˵Լа취ƽⳤ۾Ĺ󷨡
ѩȻţŶФһλţʱҲܹͬˡ
·ϣФﵱȻŹֵദĻᣬʹ취ѩݱļ
ѩȴûͬ⣬ǲФľ˸ġ
ıǹƽʼ󷨵ģФܹΪѩȡó۾ĴУѩݱŮѡ
ѩϣФ֪Ѷ˵ģȴû뵽Ф˷ܲѡ
ǣҶ˵һĻ
һСӣҶ쿴Фﲻϵ͵ѩݣɵ΢΢һЦ
һ·УĹڵ֮С
ʱ߶֮ڣ󶼱ɱ߱˳ûһ˿ƽ
Ҳǰ׳գʱΪʲôûֺͻʼֵˣΪǶǳ󷨵ǵһʼ֣ͼֿƽģҲûá
űؾǰȴ޷ȡãȻвʣҲκΡ
ʱФѩݣһͬ󷨡
Фаǻʼ󷨣һʲô⣬ǿ¶Ҫ档ѩСĽؿܣһ˵
ФʱҲѩˣЦǺǵѩݣ¸㣬ʼ󷨵ʦ沼õġ꣬ʦ沼ʱһȻҲһЩΣգ˵ʵ㹻ͨˡǺǣ԰עҪΪŮˡ
ðԭϵѩԽֻ˫֮Уһ˿Ц
ţ򵥰ڰеҶ죬ɵüͷһ
ղѩһ˿ЦȻܿ죬ȴӲҶ۾
ңҶ컹֣һ·ϣѩݶǲźۼФʱһЩǺš
λ֣ǸЩǺţȫؽ֮ڡ
СһҶ쿴һĻȻһУɵͬؿһ˷Ф
СӵĽעܱˡ


1132 ʩ
֪ģ
ʦּǹȻȷ
˼Ӣѵ֪һ

ФЦ󷨱һһƽ⣬ʱ䣬ǱѾִ󷨵ĺˡ
ںλãҲһΣգѩλһ۷ĸֳ֣ǻΪġ
ǰչӢ˲ѩݣФ¶ҸЦݡ
뵽ŮϾҪΪԼŮˣФһиоԼҸˡ
Фأѩɨв֮תͷɵЦФʵ
Фæع˵ѾǺˣֻҪһռڣܹĹ
㣬ҶЩȲˡѩ˵
ȲŮ𣿡ФЦǺ˵
ᡭѩݽصһֻۣФתһɲǣһ˿֮ɫȴФܹġ
Ф˿ǰȡһЩʯͲϣ͵ز󷨡
һһâǰĿռ䣬¶һͨ
ȥɣФʱϲæ˽ȥ
ѩҲ˽ȥ
ͬʱλ֣Ҳͨ
ͨһһ޴ƥĵĹĹʮɣԵư硣Զһʯӣ·סաһվ׿ܣ߾еĳìɱȡ
ڲԶĴǰһʯдţ۾֮Ĺ֡
Ф￴ʯɵЦ˵ѩݣ˰ɣȻǳ۾֮ĹǵĶԼ㻹ǵðɣǺǣ
ФЦ
ֻѩݾþû˵
ţѩݣô˵Ǻ߰ɡФﲻɵתЦ˵
ֻЦݣ˲ˡ
ԶѩһӰؿڣؿФ
ͻȻֵ꣬ҲؿФ
̫ӣô
ǣ
ФͫŵؿǰˣȻѾ˲²⣬ȴ޷ܡ
겻ǱˣǻʼѧԺĵһ֣ͬʱҲѩƵ۹̫ӣݻ츳ѩƵ۹ҫ۵Ĵڡ
Флˣû㣬һ޷˵ءѩ̫Ц˵ʵĹóˣϧѵ£Ǻ󱲿Ĺǽ֮֡ԣôűɽȴ޷롣
һΣллˡ
˳۾ĴУͻƻʼҲж೤ʱ䣬лۼﵽǸ硣
ѩ̫ЦǺ˵
һԵѩݿѩ̫ӵؿڣҸ˵һܹɹģʱһԴѩƵ۹Ϊ½ǿĵ۹
ǿ۹Ļʺ󣬹ѩ̫§ѩݣһЦôФ棬ͷѩݵӣ
ԶФﳹ״ˣɵʱҲˡ
ԼʼգǱѩݸˣˡ
ΪʲôΪʲôѩݣ⵽ΪʲôФﲻĵش
ѩ̧ͷм˵츳ȷҿɲϲоʦϲǱҸǿšңҺ̫ʶʱ磬ʶ֮ǰǾѾȷϵˡ
һжңФŭصѩݡ
ʱһԵѩ̫ӿ˵˵ɣѩʱҾ׼ѵѵˡ츳ȷΪ˵ĵʦţҾͰв̽һû뵽ȴҷ֣Ҫҵһˡ
Ϊ̫Ҫƽ󷨣˵أȡó۾ĴУΪһӽҿᣬߣѩݲмߵ
ФɫһףԭʼգǱˣɵһ
¸㣬۾Ĺ֮ʱҲҸŪģô粻ƫƫʱأǺǣѩ̫ӵЦԼεĲ֣еǳ⡣
ֻФԹ޵صˡ
ҪңҪ־͹⣬ҲˣԺͳ۾һǺܶ˶Ľĸѩ̫һ㶼ںФԹĿ⣬Ц
Фͫһŵ㡭Ҫɱң
֪̫࣬ѵҪ㣿ѩݴʱҲɱ֮ɫ
Фû뵽ԼһֱĽŮˣȻɵг˻ںޡ
ô˵츳Сųȥû׼Ҵ鷳ѩ̫ӵЦֻеɱ⣬ȴʵʻ˸е͸ǳ
ԹŮФＴҲŹǵģФŭҲԼǲ˵Ķ֣㳯ǳ
ʵҲǶ֣ѩм֮ɫôվţФ
ѩ̧̫ƣ۳γһֻ޴ƣճФȥ
ͣФ˶ɳȥѪ磬ͫ׵ɵϴ󣬽ʧȥɫʣûϢ
ôһӾˣȤѩݼ״ɵҡҡͷ
ѩ̫ҡͷô˵Ϊҵ˳۾ĴУһȫʬɡңǵץʱ䣬ϾǼֵܡȻѾ̫ӣȻûз뽫ء
ƾǣѩݲм츳Ͳ㣬õ˳۾ĴУǾ͸ӲĶˡ
˵ĲֻҪ˳۾ĴУǷ츳пܶܽۼʱǷ֣½ҲǵĶˡѩ̫ӹЦ
˽빬ҵ۾ĴУϲ뿪˴˵ء
ֱȥ֮֮вѿһ϶߳һ꣬Ҷ졣
ŲԶڵϣʧȥϢФҶ΢΢Цңĸ
˵գҶȡһó뵽ФС档
ʱóӴԪ㳯Фӵ
Ҫ֪ǳǧԪıȻ˵ȴ԰ФָԪˡ
ʵղФﲢûбѩ̫ɱϾҶ찵гֻֻ֣ǽ״̬ѡ
ʱڳİ£ФѾٻָˡ
ţǵ𣿲ԣﻹĹû𣿡Ф۾ΪԼ˵ΧĻ֮󣬶ʱϲ
СӣעˣҴ㹦ͰҶȵ
ФﻹûзӦһιݱֱӡԼԺ֮УŹݣʱ𾪲ѡ
ΪŹǳԼĹҪˣֱصĲࡣ
䣡
ͻȻһǿϢФϱ
ϢԽԽߡ
Фͻ˾磬һ磬ңʵڼ
䣡һʱ֮Фֱͻһ磬Ϊ֡
ˣФΪֱﵽ۷壬ֹͣ
ʱФ˶Ѿˣû뵽Źô¡
Ȼ֪֮ܲô죬˳


1133 
۷壡
Ф۾˼𾪡
֮ǰһ۷ߣѩ̫ӻӻƾˡ
ڣ̶һʱѾ۷塣
Ҫ֪ѩ̫ӣųѩƵ۹ǿţҲǸո̤ѡ
ѩ̫ӣ¾ӻƣܻѩ̫˰ɡ
ѣСֻҪŬһ㣬һʱ䣬ͻƾ磬̤ʼʮ֮ڣۼҲ⡣
Ҷ첻м
͸ФĿǳõıܹФ۾磬Ҳпܡ
ǸʱФҲԼ뿪Ժ˵ܳء
࡭лǰ֮һݣФŷӦæڵϡ
ǰ׳գʱѾ֪ҶԼԼôĹ
뵽ŹФߵ˵ʦϣͽһݣ
Ǵ֪ʦæȡ
ҶݸһЦ̧̧ƣФЦҪͽܣɲô򵥣Ŀǰ㣬һӡ
ҪβܳΪʦʽӣФæʵȻһӣϾҶôȼʵԳԽ˵ۼֱǲĴڣȻ
˲ʸ񣡡ҶЦ
񣿡Фʱˡ
ʵǿģҲ۾磬ʥû˵ˡ
һЩ飬Ҳϵ࣬Լļѡ
ԣФУûĴڣ˵ˡ
ȻҶô˵ˣФҲʹ⣬úʦڵĹ㲻ܳҲҪ㹻ǿ
ˣﻹһЩ֪ʶҲһڸˡҶ룬漴㽫ڵõ֪ʶȫФ
ô˵Фϵ츳ǳЩҲЩ
ֻҪ͸Щ֪ʶΪʦǾͲˡ
ʱҶپ߼֪ʶ
ǡ찡Ȼлʼеۼ󷨣ʥ񼶣Фô⣬ɨһҶ촫ڸ֪ʶʱͨ졣
Ͼϲ󷨵ģǿĹϲҶ촫ڸ֪ʶʦŴڵ֪ʶҪ嫺ǿ
ѾƽˣѾ˽ˣ߰ɣҶ쿴Ȼϲ֮еФ˻ֱ֣˲˳ȥ
һ̣ҶһƬߵɳĮ֮С
ô£⡭Фǵһ˲ƣûô£ѾԼһطˡ
ңΧİĻ˾Ͷˡ
ɳĮѩƵ۹ûɳĮֻϱߵɳ۹ſɳĮôܣФﲻɵõһ
ѩƵ۹ɳ۹ǧǷɼʮҲɲôһգ۾
ǣѩƵ۹ûɳĮһФǳ
𣡡ҶûںһԵФֱӾƣʱɳĮеĿռ䶼ѿˣһɳ籩ϯֱһƬĩվ
ʲôФﱻ׾ˣǰֲһĻʦŪģ
ҶԼЩɳ̳ɼӲʯͷôФ棬һǰδеľ޴󹬵
Фôؿţ˶ѾɵˣǰһУȫ󣬵߸硣
ѹʦ˵ҳʽӣʦˣ񰡣Фﲻǰ׳գôֲӵеġ
ǰλʦһ鰡
Ф漴ͼΪ뵽ԼŹǿ鴫ڵĹ˵ֻҪԼŬҲл񰡣
ѩ̫ӣѩݣǸ벻һĻɣߣǵţһ죬һǺڵġ
Фսȭͷ
һ̣ܵǰδеţͷ
¡¡
𶯣ձѡ
ʱҶѾҪ˹ΰ׳۵һĻФ۾ֱˡ
񼣰
ФһμʶʲôֶΣǻ̵ɳĮôգ۵Ĺ򣬱Ҷһ޴Ĺ
ֱѩƵ۹ĵ۶Ҫʮ
ɣҶ˵һǰĹȥ
ФҲŷ˹ȥ
빬֮Ҷ콫ФﶪһߣʼǼʴ
ФﱾЩȤۿ̫ˣԾԼһطȥˡ
ѾȲоҶ콻Щ֪ʶˣ˵ŮҪˡ
ȻҲûзҶ촫ڵĹϾʶҶǿֲ֮ҲϣԼһܹﵽĳ̶ȡ
һµʱգۼ
³˹ϽһСݡ֮󣬱ʮͷ죬ɳĮ
ʱҶѾúǼʴ󣬲棬һ޴󷨣ڸɳĮĴڡ
ˣ³˹Ҷæ񣬲һԵФɵһ¡
ҶЦҵļФ
ԭˡ³˹Сæһ
ФȴæΪǰɲ⣬˫ڵӣִĵĿ־С
һ޷Ĵڣ
Фﰵ뵽
ˣ³˹ʱʮӺȵ
ˣʮæжǾΪѾ֪³˹ʵǳֲû뵽ôֲˣȻˣ˸жôֲ
ö񣡡Ҷ˰֣Ѿʮ˵Ϊ
ǶѾ³˹Ҷ׼õĹ̤ۼȫ⣬л̤𾳽硣
ФҶȻе
ʦ𣡡Фæ˹֮ɫ
ΪʦｨһݡԺݵ죬ʮ˾¡Ҷ˵
׼ָһ˵ģڼȻФǵȻѡФˡ
ʦҸʲôФһ£˵
ݵ㶼ʮ˾ˣֻҪұɳĮˡҶЦ
֪ˣʦ𣡡Ф˿ûȤʲôֻȤо󷨡
Уڹ֮вõ󷨽ǼʴԺһЩӴעӴһ¾ͿˡҶ漴˵
Ŷ֪ˣʦ𣡡Ф۾һû뵽󷨾ȻǴ󣬶Ժ󻹻١
ʮţԺúФݡҶ漴ǰʮӺȵ
ǣȻҾܾϾѾ³˹ħסˣ޷Υ³˹ľ
ʦҪ뿪𣿡ФﲻɵӣѾµҶҪȥˣɵһᡣ
ΪʦҲֻ·ѣúǼʴӦ뿪ˡֻҪܹ񣬽ǻмĻᣬϣ㲻ҪΪʦҶЦ˵
ʦİɣһġФԼᶨ˵
漴ʮͷĿ£Ҷ³˹̤նʧС
֮һСݡȻ۹֮
Ф֣ҲΪһ档


1134 
Ф֮Ҷ³˹˲ƣڰº󣬸ϵ˶
ˣһ򣬲֪Ϊʲôж֡³˹ŲԶЩ˵
ǰ򣬱֮ݴ½һҲСФڵǿˣǳŨƬǿΪŨһطˡ
ֻһֶѣûʲôСֵģȽҵɡҶ˵գ³˹
ô˵³˹ħˣҶõϢƺߴǱ˴˵жԣΪ˲鷳ҶȻ˷³˹Ĵڡ
ȻµĽͲˣϾһЩ鶼Լ
£ҶԦŽǰǿž޴
̤ĵһվ֪ʲôӣڴҶ쿴ǰľ޴򣬲ɵаڴ
ɲ;Щǰ򣬿˵ɽϵʵǿ֮һˣסģкܶ顣
ҶЩֵǣƺֻмϢ
ɽϵȻֻСϵҲֻмɣҶ첻ɵüͷ
ʱ򣬽ѾڶϣȻŨ񣬱Щ򣬻ҪŨʮ౶
Ĵ½ͺһһԴ½ǳ޴һߴĹΰ׳ۣһƬ
ǰ
Ҷ콵ٵʱһɫս׵λҶ칧˵ǰǵһǶһͷ죬ʲôЧ͵ģǰܷԸ
Ҷһɨ֪ǰ˵Ϊλڣ棬Ҳεˡ
ҵȷǵһεʲô֣Ҷ쵭ʵ
ӭǰǣֺᣬΪǰЧ͡мֺλԵ÷ǳ͹
Ҷ죬һ޳Ƿȥ
ֺᣬǶǵ𣿡Ҷ·ʵ
ǰǶһͷ죬פڶǡֺṧ˵ǰλǰǲ˿
ȻҶΪжߣҲ񾳽磬λǰµĽλ۷徳磬ǿˡ
ﶼôοǰˡ
Ȼ˵ǿϾǶĸ߲㣬Ҳˡ
Ƕľ𣿻𣿵Ȼ˵ˡҶʵ
ûʲôģȻǰ֪͸˵˵ƺҶܺ˵ֺ΢һЩЦ˵ǶţֱǺͭͰкµɣȻǵľųλ񡣶ͭλɣųλڰǶǿľţֻλܼУųһλλ񡣡
óⶫֻм֧פͭͰأҶ˵ͷ漴ʵ
ǰһֻǸӴһЩǰֻפͼĺǶĴ󲿷ָ֣פڵĶֺܲ˵
һ£ҪǶ֪ʲôҶ˵
ĿľǼ붫ֺǺһͷ죬Ӧ֪ܶࡣ
ʲôǰҪ붫ֺԶʱɴ۾
ô𣿡Ҷ쵭˵
УУȻУֺæ˷ܵ˵ǰʵۼɽĸܻӭġ
ʵ˵һϻϵﶼͷǿ붫һ仰⡣
⻰Ҳֻ˵
Ҷܹ붫Ƿǳ˷ܵģΪй涨ܹһλǿ߼붫ôҲõܴĽ͵ġ
ȻǶ٣ҪҶʵˡ
Ҷﶼǿôʵ͸Ӳ˵ˡ
ҶҲһλܹһλ붫õĽѾǳˡ
ֺæ˵ǰΪʲô磿λôƼͭλԼ
λأҶЦЦؿֺᡣ
ֺʱˣ۾ɵϴЩͰ͵˵ǰǰҪλѾܹƼģųˣԽӴǶĹأλ񣬿ԳΪǶĿ䳤ϣȻ㹻ǿĻҲԳΪǶ
ʵ̫ˡ
λ񣬼ɽϵҲǿߡ
Ͼɽϵֻλǿıλˡ
û뵽ԼôãȻһλ񣬶ԷҪ붫
ηˣȻλǰᱻųԽӴϾȷֵģʱҲܹõ֮һĽֺг˼
һλλ붫ǽģǳһЩ񶼻ӣ˵λˡ
ȥǵľųɣҶԵ˵
ǣǰõҶĳϣֺʱӼͬʱҲӹˣСǰ·
ңѾͨѶ֪ͨԼľųˡ
ԣȵҶոսǣһλѾط˹ԶرҶ칧˵ǰǶʮųѩǰ
ֺ˵λҪ붫ѩʱѣҲЩ棬֪ɽϵʲôʱһλ񣬻Ϊֺˡ
Ҷɲľ磬ɢǿϢѩ֪ûиˡ
ңҶֻ
ţȻǻ壬лΪްѩ֮ǰûϸʱϸһʱ𾪲ѡ
뵽ҶʵҲ̹Ȼˡ
ֻλ񼶱ǿߣʸӵǿޡ
ţҶɨѩһۣص˵ͷ
Ϊһ֣ȻҪǰڳһ̬ǺģѩԴ˲û⣬ӹˡ
ǰ붫ҪһЩҪ죬ɣҪǰơѩ˵
ƣʲôƣҶüͷ
ѩʱһ£ƺû뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼ֪ƣǹؽ͵ǰŵģֻҪܹ񣬶λõơ
ʲôôѵҪҶʵ
λǰǳ֮һֱԼһλ񾳽ɣȻʲô֪ѩԲɵһɻ󣬲Ǽ͵ǰǴϢϾô飬ûϢ޷ңҪڽһЩǳأҪʾơǰҲҪʾƣ˵ûƣܽ
ԭˣҶ˵ͷ
֮Уݴ½Ҳһӵģûݣ粽С
Ҳߴ߲ƿİ취ϾֻҪϢ˼Ҫҵ㣬Ҳˣʲôطʲô飬ܱ鵽


1135 
֮ǰҶѾϰλλõϢЩеһݵ㣬ͨеط
ΪЩ֮Укܶ󣬳Щ˲ִڵκεطԼڵκεط
УЩ֮䣬ҲԵִ
һЩĴ·ܲľ޴硣
Ҳˡ
ɼ·ʱ䡣
ϾûЩĻ˲ƣҶʵҲҪϰ꣬һ
ǧҶҲܲһ򣬸οء
ԣ֪ƣñ֪ԼϢλãҶҲòô
Ͼûƣ޷ʹЩ
׼ĸ֣ĻҲܲʹЩ
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һ·ڳڵͿշУҶ컹˲ʥиӵͼߣݴ½ûʲô
ѩҶɻı飬Ц˵ǰЩ˶ǶǿߵĺߣеǶǿߣսˣǵĺȻܵǶıӻ
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Ҷ첻÷ص˵ͷ漴ʵѵûʥ𣿡
Ǻǣǰ֪ЩʥԼҵǰִŻУǶҲһЩԼʥǵӺСǶôϢͲҽӽˡɽϵڵ򣬴λ񾳽磬ŻǡǿԻʯȥ߼Ǻѩ˵
ҲҪ֧ʯҪʯҶһݣΪûʯǰʱȵõ飬Ͷùˡ
󲢲ֻҪʯһڴλõĵѩ˵ǰҪǶԼˣȻҪ֧ʯ
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ǰʹһ֪ѩʵԼ֮£ܹѩΪǰȻҲԼǰ
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û뵽Ȼôλ֣Ҷһ̾õɽĵȼƶжôɭˡ
ˣǰλߵĻڵĺܶطкܶ෽֮ǰΪоĻôڰɽʹеĴ󣬸ߵľλȼкܶôʹ˵


1136 䳤
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ҶʱĻĹԱ߻һЩ˵ϢŮйܼҵȵȣһһȫ
ҶԴûʲôҪѡһĹ


1137 
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Ҷǧô˵ܹЧͣĸѩæҡͷ漴˱ȭ˵ǳϢԺʲôҪʱԸ
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Ļ棬Ҷ컹ҵ䷢ƵͨĶԻ򣬵롰Ҷ족Ȼȷ
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ϤĹͷԴҶʱЦˣ̫磡
Ҷ죡̫Եúܾȣ漴ЦֻڳˣˣҸղſϢǼ˶ΪǵĿ䳤ϡ
Ҷ˵ͷ


1138 
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ңѶҲоͷǳˡ
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һţ׼ǿһĴۣҲҪƽȶԴ
һЩǿţλĴ۵ĵλҪߡ


1139 𵶵
ѹôŶҪ
Ҷ쿴ĻϢгȵĹâҲĶˡ
Ŀǰû˵Ĵ㣬ҪһλǿƼȻͨרŰŵĿˣܽȥ
Ȼܹõɽ۵ƼҲС
ֻĴڣĿǰҶԽӴˡ
ͨҪֻͨսˣֻ񣬲Ҳյͼ顣
ȻףôȻԼ
ϾѾվ۷壬һӵ޾ԪȻʸ
֮⣬ֻΪ񲻸߲ͣһؼʱֵ
ÿһʱ䣬ٰһս
ʱֻҪ񣬶ʸμս
УߵһˣԼߵһˣԽĺġǿʮˣǾص޵ţӵ׼ǿʱ޿̶׼ǿָ㣬ǵλĴۻҪߡ
ֻ飬ҪӱǿʮˣǷǳѡ
ҶһսƵһЩţɱ
ͬ۷徳磬ԷҲܹɱ
ôܣҶ쿴ЩƵսʱɴ۾š
ôܣ
仰ͨҶĵ˼°ܽ˵ģڣȴҶ³ˡ
ҲΪЩսǣʵ̫ǿˡ
һֱҶ춼ԼӦǿˣϾλ۷徳磬ܻԲǿߣټϿռ䷨ʱ䷨ôһЩλɱ
񣬿ˡ
ǿЩƵʶЩսеĳ֮Ҷ֪ԼжôԴ󣬼ֱ졣
ͬλ۷徳磬ʹʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨һﶼɱˣȻûʸǰʮ
ٴοһƵҶȻ
飬һȴ
ԼڵʵμսҲֻǿһΪΧĵӶѡ
֮ǰ뷨̫ˡ
һֱҶԼʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򣬵õĴУӦ츳ĲŶԡ
ڿֱЦ
ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨츳츳ֻͨŶѡ
ҶĴܴ
Ҷʵ֪ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨жôҪñ֪һַôҪμսֱӾͿԽĺġ
Ϊ츳ǿܹ
һؿܶ޵еţ񾳽ʱܿףǻףȴ޷׾硣
ʱ䷨򣬻߿ռ䷨ô׵ļʾʹܶ࣬˵ٷ֮ٵؽ׾硣
ң׵𾳽磬ҪĻʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨
ԣҶھַǾ̫ˡ
ַڲܱ¶ֻԼԭ츳
ԭ츳ݴ½ģ̫ˣʲôŻûУ
ݴ½Ͼŷչһǧ꣬һǧԪֹ߸޷Ƚϡ
УҶꣿݴ½Щֻ̫Ҳֻ˼ѡ
һЩǶ˼ꡢʮꡣ
Ҷ񾳽ʮ꣬ôһøǿ󣬱ڶǿˡ
ԣƣʹҶ쿴Щ֮еĶš
ЩһʼҶ컹޷ףϾŸոսʱһ޷ܡ
Ҫ˶ãˡ
ʱǱˣҲûսһԼʵҴﵽԲ磬ʵ϶ǿ󣡡Ҷ찵뵽
ûзΪһˡ
ڱʮ˹츳Ҳǿģ
ֻǴһˡ
ңôŴڣҶ˵һֵø˵顣
ѹж̫ΪʲôôżӶˡҶ˸ҵ⡣
ûѡӶ磬Ҫս
̻ᣬҶ漴Ҳһ£̻ᵹ׼룬ΪҶѾ֮ģ񾳽缸ǺټģԼ̻ĺġ
ҶҲֻǿ漰ѣȤǺܴûпˡ
һʵҪҶ뵽
ȻҶ漴ҲϵһֻϷ硢Ҷʥǣ˴˶˺ѡ
Щݴ½ǣ̫һѡ񣬳ΪһӶ
ҲһЩ˸СǼ˰ɽľ֮С
֪ĿǰǳȫиԵķչ֮ҶҲͷʼص鿴һϢ
Ϊһȿ䳤ϣҶÿܴ꣬ӶȡһƷʯ
֮⣬಼ø䳤ϵֻҪܹɣôܹõĽ
ЩĽǳ񣬱ϾͶôܱԼŬõջأ
ҶһʼһƷʯûʲô̵꣬Щ̻ĸƷ֮󣬶ʱ֪Լڻֻһ⵰ˡ
̻֮и񵤣еƬƶȥӷΪ
ֵֻҩ̫˼ֵܸߣҶܹġ
ʵϣҲûмֵҩ
һЩͼ񵤣ҲܹΪ٣Ҷòֵù򣬵ȻҲ
еһƷʯЩ񵤡
֮⣬̻֮лкܶķսȵȣָĵرҶۻҡ
һļ۸Ҷ̾˿
ʵ̫ˡ
ֻǣЩǿķսҶЩ᲻á
šħʺˣһѧᣬҪ˶ãұܴﵽԲˡ
Ҷ쿴һķг˿
⡶ħһλǿķ֮һ
šħ֡ΪƪƪƪӦ񾳽磬֮󣬿Լӿڰǽ񾳽磬Ǵﵽ񾳽۷壬õķ
ƪǸ׾ǿģ֮󣬿Լӿٶȡ
ֻֻ̻ƪҪѧƪüС
ƪļ۸ҲҶԳеġ
ƶĵҲƪʵ̫ˡ
⣬һŽ𵶵䡷ս˵ѧս֮󣬰ٷ֮ٿԽ׾硣
ֻǼ۸ȡħҪߵöࡣ
ķȽǸģսȴʵģͬȼķûͬȼսֵߡ
ռǿĵš𵶵䡷ȫΪģһҪõ
Ҷ۾ˡ
š𵶵䡷ʵ̫ˣռ˵Ǽֱ䡣


1140 ս
һҪõš𵶵䣡
ĻǰҶ˫Ŀȵضš𵶵䡷Ľܣսųǿĵսеűѧս
𵶵䡷ʮ˲㣬ҲΪƪƪƪоŲ㡣
̻ƪŲ㹦Ӧ顢硣
ֻҪܹõսôҶڽ֮ǰҪսˣһսɨͬˡ
ֻǼ۸񡭡
Ҷ쿴һǼ۸񣬶ʱǳ˳飬гơ
սԷֿģǰֵһƷʯֵһƷʯֵһƷʯ
ϢһƷʯһƷʯһƷʯһƷʯ
ڣҶŽһƷʯ
þ׬ȡʯˣҶ찵һ̾ʯҪҲΪʲôЩɣѡһˡ
Լʵѵõõֻм׬ȡʯЩ񵤺ķս
Ҷ̳һ£ͬһĸ֣սʵǿ
һţΪûǿսһͨͬ׸ѹסˡ
Ҷһ£ԼռǰУֻ൱ڡ𵶵䡷ǰѡ
𵶵䡷ǰֻӦ龳ѣǶӦ񾳽磬Ҷ㣬Ǿ͵ڽռٶȴУʵжôǿ
ƶԽնɱˡ
û취׼ĸִĹܹġҶ̾ԴķڷϾֻһѣŹǿߣ֮УǶǶĴڡ
֮Ĳ̫ˣ޷Ტۡ
뵽Ҷš𵶵䡷ӿˣ֪ԼҪе棬ôѧǿĵս
˵ʱֻҪǰ㣬ԣұ뾡õһƷʯҶ찵뵽
漴ʼ׬ȡʯİ취
ֻ׬ȡʯһַѣʵкܶ׬ȡʯķˣȥѰĵر
ȻЩ̫ķʱˣҶɲȵܵõ𵶵䡷Ҫڶʱ׬ʯȻѧϰ𵶵䡷
Ͼ𵶵䡷ҲôѧģҪʱõһѧˡ
Ĳս٣
ҶһЩ̳֮󣬵õַܹ׬ȡʯİ취
˵ĵطжĲսսǶֵıԣľսȵȣ̫ˡ
̻רſ̿ڣһЩԶģǲ롣
ֻʮľ䣬ҪҪĻӴ鱨ռ
Ļս˫Ϣƾʲôжǵʤ
ԣҶֻǿһۣˣⲻܹߵ·
оˣҽᣬ򵥣ٵ׬ȡʯ
ֻһĹ֮ͻͨԶܽҪܵͨ
ЩӶӵ񣬴󲿷ֶ׷ɱЩͨȻĽ
̫ðˡ
ңҶҲΪͨ޷
ԣҲֻܷ
󣬾ֻʣսˡ
սԴӶĽǶӶ翪ĽǶ鲼
ֻҪĹ񣬶ܹԴμӽǶӮһԣܹõһʽ𣬱õջ˿
Ȼ˵ĻôҶ컹ѡ
ںǶݻһս
һĽǶԣǵ㵽ΪֹԻٵԷΪʤжսȴҪԵ˫ǩԼ״һʼֻһ˻ţֱһսǷֳʤ
ȻƴյսõջҲǷǳֲġ
ҶãԼпڶʱ׬ȡ㹻ʯķˡ
£Ҷ쿪ʼսϢԱԼӵ˽ս
һϲϢ
սĶֻ֣ͬס
Ҳ˵Ҷλ۷徳磬ôĶֻ֣λ۷徳硣
ͬףҶ컹Ǻаյġ
ҵʵɽһ飬Ӧûͬ׵Ķ֡ңһʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ƣؼʱҲܹȫΣաҶ찵뵽
ȻһսеҫţôǻΣյġ
ŷǳټƽֵǾ͸ϡˣҪһЩϵܹõ
ԣҶԼսǺаյġ
ôˡ
Ҷ漴ǳһĨŵЦݡ
Ҷܼң˵ԼҪȥһˣܼȴһͭʿѰ
Ŷ˵ʲô𣿡Ҷɻ
˵ţ̹ģû˵ʲô顣Ϲܼ˵
ˣ֪ˣȥɣҶ˵ͷ漴߳ʱԶͭվ
¼ҶϣͭҶæ
ţ̹ңʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
²ֻ֪ţҶϹȥһˡͭ˵
ˣ·ɣҶ˵ͷҲûжʣʱȻ
ӭã
Ϥ·һ
ԶģҶ㿴ţ̹վڵſڣЦӭˡ
Ҷϣ鷳һˣǲ˼ţ̹ǸȻ˵
Ҷ֮ǰȷЩʹ죬ţ̹վſӭӣټϵǸͺܶˡ
ҶҲСǳ֮ˣЦŰֵţʲô飬´ֱͨѶҶĳˡ
ҶֹȻˬ죬˵ʵε飬ţĳЩΣԲŲòһˡţ̹˵ţҶӭá
ӭڣλ飬λ񾳽磬һλ۷徳磬һԲ磬Ҷ찵Ծ
˸֣Ƕĸ߲㣬Ҷǳ棬ǳʲô顣
ʱţ̹ܵҶ֣λһҲǶո¼һȿ䳤ϣ˳֡
ţָ̹λλ۷徳߶Ҷ˵
˳ϣҶЦŵ˵ͷ
ߣ˳ȴƳҶһۣһûᡣ
Ҷ첻ɵüͷ
һԵţ̹ЩΣæҶ촫˳ϵƢЩ⣬Ҷϲؽ⡣
Ҷ쵭ص˵ͷȻԷˬҲԷ
Ҷ֣λǶ֮һԡţ̹漴ҶһˣҲλԲǿߡ
һӣĿ࣬Ϣƴ˫һҶ죬Цݵ˵ʹţҶϵĴһȻ鴫ҶϼǶǶʵ͸ǿˡ
ˡҶЦ˵
ԷЦӭȻҲףϾԷλҪߡ
ֻڴʱһʱ˵Ц
ţϣ˶ѾˣڸýصϷ˰ɣ˵ǹ˳֣ؿҶһۣһڨЦţ̹˵
ص
Ҷԣһâ˼


1141 
ڣŹ˳ֵһ仰˼ž
Ҷֵܡţ̹˿Ҷ죬֮ɫһʱ䲻֪οڡ
ţϣʲôֱ˵ǡҶ״˵
Ҷֵܣ㿴Ƕкܶ๬֪ǷԻһţ̹ڨڨ˵
˵Ҷѡûйȥ죬ҪҪȷЩ˼ڡ
ţ̹ɵԹؿһԱߵԡ
˼ţϣ¶صϲ뻻ĹҶ쵭˵ԥؾܾˡ
ܾԭ֣һ⣬ڶǹ˳ֵ̬Ȳá
ΪԺҪˣ˻ΪҶ۸ⲻ̵ġ
Ҷֵܡţ̹ٿڣȴ̾˿
Ϊ֪Ҳܻһҹ˳ֵ̬Ȼá
գţֻ̹ؿ򽭻ԡ
ģҶϣ
ʱ򣬽ԲòˣЦҶϣʵڲǰѾӦص˳ϡʱҶ㲢ûصȻġֻû뵽ôɣҶϸպʱ붫ѡص
ҶԻȻȷ̫ˡ
أԵĻϣҶܹһڼɵʧĳ˫⳥ΣԳϿҵ˵ԼΪ̬ȣѾǺܸҶˡ
Ҷ쿴˳Ǹмһˣӣоһˬ
£Ҷ쵭˵ţϣѡȡصΥ˶ĹأôҶĳصǵĻôҲû˿ԴҶĳȡص˼ˣæҶĳ޷
ɫʱѿȻҶ첢ûԼϾѾܸˣû뵽ҶȴһӶ
ýԽ֮ǰЦݶʱҶϣ⣬һܱȶһҪá
⻰Ѿһ˿вˡ
һԵţҲ˵Ҷ֣ﻹкܶ๬ص֮£ѡ񡣡
Ҷؿţ̹һۣٿ˿ԶһЦͲмĹ˳֣عͷŽ˵ǵ˭ҲҶĳص
ԣУһɱĺ⡣
һԵĹ˳ϵܣϷӦصɶǿϣɲҪϷʧ
˳ϣ齭ĳһһԵ˵ͷ漴ؿҶ죬˵Ҷϣ¸㣬ΪĳӵһεڴµȨֻҪаϵĸͬ⣬ôһ԰صֻǲ򲻵ѣĳϣ
ߣ˳Զʱ¶Цݣ뵽ߣƾҲص
˿ͬС˵־һĹ˳֣ҶһЦ˵ҶĳǾ仰ǵ˭ҲҶĳصǸҲС
Ҷ⽫ҧúأĿ⣬ηֱŽԡ
֮ǰǸӣųûн˵ڼȻ˫Ѿ˺ƤҶȻ޹˼ˡ
£¡
ϾͷԺ˼ҲΪһƢˣʲô˶۸ˡ
ԣҶŲͷ˵һ
ãܺãƣɫˮ˫͸˿˿⣬˵˼仰תȥ
СӣƾҲϷ򶷣ߣ˳ֲмؿҶһۣŽȥˡ
վԭصҶ죬һԵţ̹̾˿ЦҶϣţĳҲû뵽ᷢ飬˵ģԽƵʱаϵĸͬ飬صǱס
ưɣҶһתȥ
ҶҶȥıӰţ̹̾˿֪ԼЩص˭нҲǲ𰡡
صص
Ҷ̽鿴ȨޣȻпһִȨ
Ҳ˵ֻҪҶصôټϰϵĸͬ飬ôͻᱻִˡ
ߣ
Ҷ첻ɵһ
ʱĻ½ǳϢѣһǶĹٷϢ
Ҷһɫʱ
ΪѾʻִȨǶٷҶϢѾиڷˣҪ˶ãص¾ͲҶˡ
аҪһҿֶ𣿡Ҷ첻ɵЦ
ЦգҶҲһϢ˹ȥ
ʱ
ľλ;λͨĻԵ顣
ʮλȻȫڶȴǿͨʱصϵ顣
ңΪԲǿߣǺһƳʱǴ顣
ʱͨϵģЩķ
ԣô£ҶòƲŸոռǶðɣѵ͵𣿱ϾҲһλλ۷弶ǿߣԣ˰ɡһλ˵ȻһϺˡ
ҲôСʵ̫ˣңҲû취˵æ˳ֵ˵
һڸҲû뵽ᷢôɺϵ飬Ҷ죬ǹ˳֣λ۷弶ǿߡ
ǿߣǶҪ
ڣȴһѡ
˳нԣѾʻִȨôȷվڽߵġ
ȻҲкͽԲͷĸ
ԣȻôԸһ¼һȿ䳤ϣЩ䳤֪δ̫˺ˣҲͬ⡣һЦ
ɫһȴûжŭǶλ˵λͶƱɡ
Ǳġ
ϣĻ棬һͶƱĶԻ
գʮλȨ˷ԣͬ⡣
ִȨվͨˡ
Ҳ˵֮УϾڶô꣬еģұĸҲΪһҶ죬һλԼ֮µ
лλˣ
ԿͶƱĽʱ¶ЦݣЦŶ˱ȭ˵
ȻʱһЦһλĿд˳ԣδ̫˰ɡ
Ǹղ뽭ԵĸҲһʤ
ʤʲô˼˵
λǿ½ǵϢѰɣٺ٣Ҷ컹ȤĳϲʤٺЦ
λԣɵÿ½ǵϢѣȻһٷϢ
˵һɵþԴˡ
ʲôСӾսңҲϢݺ󣬶ʱŭӡ
ΪҶսԵ飬Ϊһȿ䳤ϣʸսκֻҪӮˣȡ֮
ֻǶľŴǿߣѾܶû˸սˣǲԵ˾ȡ


1142 ս

̫ˣ˭λ۷徳磬Ȼ͸սĳ
Ļ֮УһƬŭ֮ɫ
оԼܵصơ
ǰȻҲսԲǿߣûλ۷Ŀ䳤ϸս
ֱǿ츳
λһսʻҵִȨ漴Ļλ˵
֪ҶĿģôսΪִֹȨ
ƫҪôҶ޿κΡ
Ц
λʱѺ󣬵ս˵ʤʱ˵
ʤ㡭Զʱŭʤ
ΪʤȻҲִȨȽ˿׻ͨġ
ԽԲôŭ
ٺ٣ԣҲǰҶսֻҪҶ죬ȻִУ㺦ˡʤϷŰЦ
뽭ԲͷֵÿЦ˸սԣʵ̫ˣԾ̲סҶһѡ
Եɫǳѿ
Ϊ׼ʱ䣬ϾʱҲһڵϣҪĻʱ䡣
еִʱ䡣
һǽԵȨ
ڣʤôڱƽԷȨϽҶս
ԣô
ԣҪӭսɣھڵϡ
һλ۷ѣѵĶ֣þûˣҲЩڴǺǣ

һڸʱ˵
˵ãͬˣս
˵գԾ˳
սң
ߣ

Ŀ͸ź⡣

ص
Ҷܿͽܵ˶ĹٷϢ뽭ԵսС
滹һЩսעݡ
ΪǶǿߣսǵ㵽ΪֹԵһδƶԷΪʤһͽǶľࡣ
𣿡
Ҳã
Ҷ쿴֮¶һ˿Цݡ
ȿһսƵҶ漴ԵսƵȻԼкܴİսʤԣҲСԷ
ϾԷԲǿߡ
ΪĸһγһǧǰʱŸո̤Բ磬ܵһλһȿ䳤ϵս
ңλ䳤ҲǸո̤Բ磬˵ʵࡣ
Ȥȿ˵ҶʱЩȣΪȥһǧˣԾȻûнλ񾳽磬ֻ˵ڹѹΪ
һ˵ﵽԲ磬ôλ񾳽磬಻ᳬһ꣬Щ˼ҪȹΪҲֻӼѡ
񽭻һڶ꣬Ǿ̫ˡ
ңҶ컹֣ҲģѹԲ硣
Īʲô𣿡Ҷ찵뵽Ժôһ¡
ĿǰǿԵսƵҪ
Ҷ㿪ƵĻ϶ʱֽԺһߵӰɢϢԲ硣
˿˵ʲôȻͿǽһЦͿʼˡ
ս֮УԳַǳʹõһѽƷǳֲÿһž֮
콣䣡
Ҷ״Ծ
ϳ˽Ես̻зľ콣䣬𵶵һȼĴڡ
Ҳ࣬Ϊô꣬ȫԹǰľ콣ˡ
ֻǣҶ˵ȴһϢ
ϣû㣡Ҷ찵뵽˾콣㣬ô¶ʱ䷨߿ռ䷨򣬷ɡ
սȻ
ߵսҲóʹõĶͬһȼսҶпѡ
ΪԲǿߣ׬ȡʯ׶ˣѸ꣬ʮʱ䣬ȻԽǰ㹺
ԣڣֻҪȼǿߣ඼ӵȼսʹǵʵǿܶࡣ
սѧᡣ
Ҷ˿Ϊֻֽ˾콣ĵڶѣ㶼ᣬ޷в
Ǹߣȴ˵һ㣬ԱԸˡ
Ȼȥһ꣬ҲֻǿɵɣҶ찵뵽˿
Ե츳Ҳô
ʵϣֵȼսԽԽѣϾ׼ǿߴսǿߴսˣû㹻츳ѽġ
ȻΪ˱Ҷȥһ̳̽һ½Եʵ
ͨһЩǿߵԣ֪ɾ콣㣬ԲĲ㡣
Ϊһɾ콣Ĳ㣬ôͬ統Уɽһָˣ˾֪ˡ
ǽԳǸ̫ˣһֱʵֿԺС
ˣҶͨЩ̳Ҳ˽ΪʲôҪѹΪˣΪǶΪܹμս
ʱ㣬һսҲһˣֻҪ񼶱ǿߣѾ׼ˡ
սÿԪҲʮζѣƽһһΡ
Ȼ󲿷ֲμսֻǣ޷˵ĺˡ
սֲҲܱĴУӶ
ǰвٶֲӶ˶Ĵ
еԼɽ۹ңõҵص
ЩǿţҲᱻӶ̻ỨǮߡ
ʱ򣬲Щμս棬ССҲΪ˴˿еŶ档
ֻҪսбֲһɳ졣
ԣҪսҼû˿УҲһľԼԺкô
һ꣡
Ҷ첻ɵüͷ
һ˵̲̣˵Ҳ
Ҷ˵һ̤Բ㹻ˣҪѻ𵶵ܸߵľ磬ȴǷǳѡ
ԣҶеЩ
Ҫõ𵶵䣬˷ʱˡҶ찵뵽
λ֮ܽ󣬾ǰɽǣμս׬ȡʯ
ɽɽϵĹٷǳأɽǿ߼еĵطɽϵսɽڵĽǶоٰ졣

һĹ֮С
ԿŶŵĹ˳֣Ц˵˳ϣͷİɣСӾȻ֪ҪսĳֱѰ衣
ϵܣʵϷһٸģⱭǰף쿪ʤ˳ֹЦŽԾƱ
һ¼СѣҲֵýĳˡ¾ƣм˵
ǣ˳Цϵܣ׼μսˣʱֺõĻССĶݵͷǱ
սⱬŵ˵Ѿ콣ˣƾҵʵʱһЩУڻ¡
˵⻰ʱ
Ҳȷнʵ
Ҷ죿ʲôҲϷصߺߣ˳򰵰Ц
صڱصá


1143 ʤ

һսڡ
սǸ񼶱ǿд衢սĵط
ﲼŴķ󷨣Ե񼶱ǿߵĹӶս
ĻսôҪٵ롣
սмʮǶרŻѴǮɡ
֣
֣
ϵܣ

һλλĸ߽սȻǴǷۿģϾбڶ
ʱҲ˽ɨһۣЦӵ󣬾Ȼûߣ
ԱһЦʱ仹磬Ҳһ㣬ˣôȥˣӦѾɾ콣ĵ˰ɣ
˵˵԰˰֣ȴһɵ֮ɫ
һЩԣʱ¶֮ɫ
񾳽ܹɾ춯ص㣬Ѿǳ
Ȼ˵콣ǰ㣬ֻǶӦ龳磬ǶӦ񾳽硣
Ƕ˵ģһǿš
Ͼ콣׼ǿߴģҪߵѧᣬܹͨ񾳽ǰ㣬ѾǷǳ˲õˡ
񾳽㣬ôȫսгǰʮĺˡ
ߣ˾콣ǰ㣬һսȫûҪˡһҡͷ˵
ߣԼȡ衣Ц
Աһ˵λĹأǿСһ£˭̿ڣ
ͣЦɣôŵս˭׳տ̿ڰһλЦ
ǰһսʤȫû⣬˭֪
ξˣʵ̫û档

λҡͷ
ʱص
ҶӭһλİĿˡ
һλʤҶġ
Ҷϣҽһ£ҽʤǶһλʤ΢ؿǰҶ졣
׼սԡ
֮ǰʤΪҶֻǳ嶯£صԶߣԲս
ǵǰ򶨵Ҷ֮ͻȻһ뷨ҲܹܽҲ˵
ܣʤܿͷԼ뷨ʲôЦǽԿԲ磬Ҿ˵Ѿ˾콣ǰ㣬Ҳûаսʤολ۷徳Ҷ졣
ʤ
ʤҶʱҶҲڴʤһλǿʵڽ֮¡
ֻǣҶ첻֪Է⡣
֪£ҶֱӿżɽʵΪϾҪȥս뽭ԾսԲ뵢ʱ䡣
ҶϹȻˬ죡ʤһЦ漴˵ҶϣսԣĻʱ䡣Ҳ˵ȶصȻȵ󣬲Žս
Ҷ۾һУȴû뵽ԺϾͽսûеȵ
ҶǲǺ֣ʤЦǰȷôģҲ֣ƵòϽս
ҶԻȻԭʤ뽭Եжԣ԰Լ
ν˵ĵˣǾѡ
Ȼʤͽֻ֮㲻ϵˣϾһˡ
ǣܹýԲʹ죬ʤȻֵȥ
һ룬ҶѾŲµʤˡ
£Ҷ챧ȭллҶĳм
ҶϲؿĳҲ㣬ǽԱжԹҶսԣȻֵðæʤ˰֣ˬ˵
Ҷԣɵһ˿øУЦ˵Ҫлл
ˣлҲᣬпյĻҶҺȾƾˣ̸̸ⳡս顣ʤ˵
Ŷѵⳡսʲô仯𣿡Ҷɻ
仯ûУʤҡҡͷ漴ص˵Ҷϣʵ˵ĳΪԻܽԣϾΪһΣһ˾콣ĵ㡣
㣡
Ҷ۾һУȻϣֻ˾콣ĵ㡣
ʲôֻɾ콣ĵ㣿Ҷ뷨ҪǱʤ֪»Ѫ
콣ɲôɵģ񾳽磬ܹɵľ콣䣬ɽϵҲûжˡ
񾳽ɵĲ㾪콣ģǿ¸ûһˡ
ȻһУҶ֪ϾɽϵŲ̫˽⡣
л֪£Ҷ漴˵
֪˽Եʵ޹ǡ
෴ʤҶһӣɵ¶һ˿Ц֮ɫҶϣ˵õģĻ𵶵ڼˣ
˵ʵ⻰ҲǰʣΪҶ콫𵶵Ĳ㣬޷ܽԡ
ֻҶһӣʤЩڴ
𵶵䣿սȷܺãϧûôʯ򡣡Ҷҡҡͷ𵶵䶼ûУ˵ڼˡ
ʲô
ʤԳˡ
𵶵䶼ûѧ绹罭ԣ⻹ʲô
ʤɵϸҶһۣʵ˵ҶǲˣСӵƾʲôսԣ
ʤ˰죬Ҳ벻Ȼ
Ҷʱȴʤ˼ˣЦǵҲн԰ɣ
ʵ˵ĳȷΪҶ֮ǰսǳ嶯ΪĻĳ棬ⳡսʤ˵ͷֱ˵
⵹ǲˣҶĳ׼սһģȻҲʡҶĳȥѡˡҶҡҡͷ
Ŷʤһâû뵽Ҷ쾹ȻĴ㣬Ǻεȵţ
ͻȻ֮䣬ʤоǰҶ죬Щɲ
ѵССӣ
ʤа롣
м飬Ҷĳæһ¡ҶͻȻ˵
Ŷ£ʤЩ棬ûϴӦϾҶŸոʶ鲻˭֪Ҷ˵ʲô飬᲻鷳
ܼ򵥣Ҷĳϣܹҿһ̿ڣȻӮҵġҶ˵һâ
ȻʤΪذɣôĸҲ϶Ϊذɡ
ôȫԽһģӮôʯ
ҶʱĴ㡣
֮ǰʶʤԼ̿ڵĻû˻¶ġ
ϾҶôҲ񼶱ǿߣɵӣ̿ڣǶԼģЩȻ¶ġ
ʤͷôĸʤڹԣǻû¶ġ
ҶϺôţ
Ҷ˼Ѳ£ʤ˲ˣɵҶҶ죬ҪҶ˿͸Ƶġ
ûţսҶ쵭Цʤֱӣá
ʤȻЦãȻҶţĳͰһΡ
ǾͶлˣⳡս֮ҶĳȾơҶʱЦˡ
ⳡսҶܹܽԣôپ磬ĳˡʤЦ
ȻǲΪҶܹܽԣϾǺͬȼǿߣҶܹܽԣҲܹ
޷ܵġ
ӮʯȾƣһսҶĳҪȫԸˡҶЦ˵
˵ǰս


1144 ս
ҶʤսʱеĸѾˣҶսĶ󡪡ԣ
ߣԿҶߵʤʱɫһһ
ʤǵ˼һʤҲܸպôɺҶһ
ٽԶԼţ˵ȫûҶԸͲʤˣʲô
ҶĳλҶʱλ˱ȭ
Ҷϣ
Ҷϣ
ЩҲ׷׻񣬲ô˵ҶǵĲ඼Ǻܴ˭֪Ժǻ᲻ᱻҶ쳬ԽҲûʲôӡ
ȻҪǻɸոЩȿ䳤ϡȿ䳤ϣǾͲôˡ
˵ףǵÿʵ
λȻ˶ѾˣôͿʼɡҶϵҪⳡսֻȹۿλؽȥһλ˵
ΪҶԺҪμսԼʵй¶ȥʶдҪ
ԣⳡսᱻ¼ֻڳʮ֪
İɣһλ۷壬Ҳûжɾ͸Уһмڽй¶ȥԹЦоǳ֮ɫ
Ҷؿһۣû˵
һԵʤʱѾߵԼλϣ˵λȵһȡ
㻹ʲô飿ߵʱѾ߽սҶˣȴû뵽ʤϣȻˬ
ʵϣʤһǲˬ
ٺ٣
ףʤٺһЦ˵ģĳһ̿ڣԵһҶϵһʮλ¶İɡ
̿ڣʤĪɵ˰ɣһʤõĸɵü
һʤ׼ҵ𣿡һϷŰ֮ɫ
ʤҳ˵ǰ棬һ¶ģҿɲ顣и˵
ǶǳȣʤˡɵˣŻһĿȻս̿ڡ
Ҳһ㶣漴Цʤ㿪ɣԼһƷʯ
һƷʯ
һڸԣɵһݣ⽭Լֱ̫ˡ
һƷʯǶ˵ҲǷǳġ
Ҫ֪һƷʯǵʵҲҪǧʱ䣬ܹ׬ȡ
һƷʯ
֮УֻҶ죬仰¶˷ܵЦݡ
ӮˣôһƷʯˣٿԹǰĻ𵶵ˡ
ΪǰĻ𵶵䣬ֻҪһƷʯ൱һƷʯѡ
ҶֵýĶ࣬ͻ׬öࡣ
һƷʯʤ򽭻ԣߵԣ㻹ݣĳˡأҪĿ򣬹壬ɾûǸˡ
ʤԼˡʮƷʯһ˵
ҾˣʤǲǷˡһʤõĸҡҡͷ
ʤЦû裬ҾҪĽԣҪҪ򣿿㣬˷ʱ䡣
ԭˣ
Բɵ÷˷ۣһȻֻΪ˶Ľԣſʼ̿ڡ
ⲻǸǮ
£һЩʤõĸ⣬ĸˡ
Ƕһɫ򽭻ʤ
һʮƷʯ򽭻Ӯλǻݰʤע֮󣬲ɵЦ
ٺ٣Ǯܹ˭
Լ
ñף

һڸЦ
ʤһ漴ҶͽԣȻˣǾͿʼɡ
£˵Ŀ⣬Ͷսеˡ
Ҷ뽭ԣ
û뵽㾹սĳȻɼΣϧûʲôı䣬صȻᱻջԿŶҶ죬Ц
Ѿ˵ˣǵԿڣ˭ҲжصҶЦ
𣿿ţôղŲԼӮԼ
ѣȻӮʯҶģҾһΣ𣿡Ҷһ
һ
ɫ΢΢һ䡣
СӲҲʤһ˰ɣ
ԵɫҲ˵кβңֻǣҪľͶĴһ㣬һǧƷʯ𣿡

ǽԸҶĻؾ
˵գһЦؿŶҶ졣
һǧƷʯ
ҶԣǲɵóһĨЦݡ
Ǵջ񰡣
գҶЦһǧһǧҴӦˣλҶĳ֤
ã
ˬ죡
뽭Խõĸɵÿ˵ȻҶ췴ڡ
ֻʤĿ΢΢һҶ̿ڣڸǺͽԵԶģҪôĵ
ԳԶ˽ԣ
ҪСӵʲôƣʤ뵽пʼЩڴˡ
֮УҲֻʤҶЩڴ˶Ҷɵˡ
ԸǹЦ˵ҶϣҵģصҪһǧ򡣡
û뵽δ֪սûпʼ֪𣿡ҶԼ
ҪǲǻЦóһ漴ȵǾͿʼɣҶϣûᣬȳְɡ
ǽȳְɣûгֵĻᡣҶЦ
Բѣ

Բɵŭһ̧ϬĽ⣬Ʋ񷣬ͬһܼ˷Ҷ˶ûˡ
һ㣡Ц
˫֣·Ѿʤȯա
̫ˣһм֮д
Եɫʱһ䡣
ΧսĸǣҲ¶˾֮ɫ
ֻ֮УһӰһž޴̫ͼ˳
Ҷ졣
¡¡
ƾЩôϬҲ޷̫ͼǾ޴̫âжһȥˡ
ҶһƶûС
û뵽㻹ȷѹָսңĿ΢һЦ
Ƿûʲô⣬Ͼղֻ̽һС
ս
˵ľ콣ĲҶĳҪʶһ£֪ľ콣ڼˣеĲ𣿡Ҷ̫ͼ˵
Ĳ㣿Ц㻹ܴԸ㣬ĳʩչ콣һ㹻ˡ
ǽԿҶ쵭˵
㿴ˣһСıˡԴһǣһɿֲĽ⣬𣬶
ɽ֮ǿ·ǿնս
һԺȵҫ۵Ľ⣬˷۶һ񽣣˺գռ䣬Ҷֱȥ
ûʲôɿԣ
ȫ̩ɽѹһС
ǿֲĽ⣬ҫ۵Ľ⣬ĽâĽƣȫںһ𣬻Ϊһ˺һеľ񽣡
Ǿ콣䣡
괴սףƾһɨе֡
һҶĿһ̲ס̾
ʽԣһռһʽǿˣҲˡ
ҶѾϵӡռռһʽܴ
ĵһսҪӮҪӮƯҶ찵뵽漴ʩչռһʽҽϵӡУһǰδеĿֲ⡣
һ˲䣬Χĸǣǿĵˡ
ȻеƣʤиǱĹâ


1145 ʤѷ
䣡
ҶռһսǷֲĵ˺ǿգأ
սһڸǣ𾪵վ
ÿֲĵһλտտ˵
ҼǿĵһЩ񼶱ǿߣҲûôֲĵһλص˵
û뵽Ŀˡһλ˵
ѹҶ˵ʤսеսɵ˫һڴ
෴һЩͽԽã֮ǰ˽Ӯĸǣһɫ
б㱾£ȻǽԵĶ֡
ΪϾһ𡣡
˻𵶵䣬ǻеᡣ
򽭻Ӯĸмֻеأȴǳǡ
ʤƲƲ죬û⼸һǼս
Ҷչֳռ֮Ҳʩչռһʽ򵶹һϵӡļԦ£񵶺Ϊһ壬ӭǱȥ
䣡
ײһ𣬱죬ֲ籩˷ϯȥǿն鿪ˣһſŴǷ飬漫𺳡
䣡䣡䣡
֮һһǿײǧΣһαһμңǳĿֲ
񵶣񽣣޷κα˴ˣ¡
ⲻܣ
֮ͫǰЦҲ̣ŵؿǰһĻ
ʩչ콣һʽû˿飬ȫȫҪһնҶ塣
û뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼܹס
Եɫʱѿ
ľ콣Ҳˣ˵ûңǺǣҶ쳰
ʵϣҲǷǳ𾪡
Ҫ֪츳ǳǿٱͨҪǿܶ࣬ԽԲǿߡ
һΣȴֻǺͽԴƽ֡
ɴ˿ɼž콣жôˡ
뵽Ҷǻ𵶵仹ӿˣɻ𵶵䣬ôܽԾɶˡ
ߣһû䣬ʶһ¾콣ڶʽ
ҶĳԲɵɫǳѿ漴ͺһٴʩչ콣䣬ֻǵڶʽ
䣡
ͬһ񽣣һΣǿˣâҲӳˣ֮ǰһǿʮ
ʮ
Ǿ콣
ҲΪʲô鶼Ҫѧϰּս
޼᲻ݣҶĿһٴȫʩչռĵڶʽϵӡҲȥ
䣡
һ춯ء
Ҷһӣ֮ˮǿն˺ѿ
һ񽣣ٴα񵶵סһΣ񵶸ӳʢֲĵâڱǿγһâӰŽնɱ
㣡
䡣
û뵽ԼѾʩչ콣ڶʽˣûлҶ죬Ҷ췴
䣡æ׷ЩâӰǳֲһһ಻
ԶĸǣֻԱһû֮Уһըǳ𺳡
Ǳ񽣣Ҳѷ죬顣
û뵽Ҷô
ս֮ͬУӽˡ
ܹסԵľ콣ʽôӵͬսˡ

һڸ֮ɫ
ͬ
ɽϵҲûгһͬţҲɽϵ֮⣬ŻӵּŰɡ
ͣ
ڸ𾪵ʱ򣬽˵ɳȥһѪһǱ
Ķ棬ҶЦؿмڶʽҲˣ˵콣䱻ˡ
Ҷ죡
ҧгݡ
µ֪ҶĿˣѹֶԷսⲻǶԷ嶯ǶԷеơ
ЩˣܵҶôҲҶˡ
ֻǵһѾûк˵Ŀˡ
£ԵͺҶ죬ĳȷСˣҲܹס콣ʽ
ԿҶЦ
ߣһ漴ϽⱩǣǽʵʻĽһ콣ա
ţӰڽ֣һͨ󣬽˰Χ
ҶԸܵһɹɿֲĽ⣬ɽһӿҪնûˡ
Ҷ죬ýˣ
ԴһӰʱΪһ壬Ҷɱ
Ҷжʱҵľ⡣
ǸýˣҶͺһѪ죬ǽɫѪ·ȼ棬ס塣
ʥ壡
һ̣ҶڶԼʵȫ߶ʥ壬ɫѪױϵӡһʩչ˳
٣
ռʽ
Ҷ˫ɫԣâ˺Ѳ񷣬ǿնˣֱｭԵúһ
Сǿȶȫ߶콣ʽƥһЯſֲĽǿնˡ
䣡Ҷ̤ɫͬһɫսȫһ˺Ѳ񷣬ǳ
٣ռʽҲĿǰҶһ
ʥ塣
ҶѾԼĿǰ۷һΪһֲĺӭһ񽣡
˺
չֳâҪ˺񵶡
Ȼ񵶷âʢ޼᲻ݣһն񽣣򽭻Ե塣
ͫг˲š
䣡
˽Ե֮УȻΪâױ
Ե壬˲䱬ըƬ
ʱҶѾʥ壬˫֣һڸ𾪵ĿУ˳ս
ʤѷ֣
ŭļµԶ壬ֻ廹ڲΪԼȻˡ
ܸһԼ͵Ŀ䳤ϡ
ǿ䳤ϣҶѾΪˡ
һ뵽ǰԼһȵҶ죬ȻԽԼΪ˸жʱ˲ʹ죬޲ٶȳȥҶսһ
ҶϡӦýҶˣϲϲʤЦӭҶĿУ𺳺;ϲ
û뵽Ҷܹܽԣʵ̫ˡ
Ҷϲˡ
ϲˡ
һڸǣҲӭϲҶ
Ǽ򽭻ӮĸǣҲϲҶ죬ޱȡ
ǿΪﶼһ
οҶλ۷徳ͻ˽ԣôȵҶ̤Բ磬ǿλȼˣ
ΪǿʵһڸǣŻôضԴҶ졣
һЩ뽭Խõĸǣ˿ҲòҶк
෴һߵĽԣȴһ·ԹɫһƬǳѿ
һͿ˲˸λӣ棬ӶһǧƷʯ
˷۱νǲҰܡ
һǧأʱҶ˹ϷŰؿ򽭻ԡ
ŶҲˣӦóƺΪϡҶ漴ȻЦϣղλɶҼ֤ˣǷҵһǧƷʯɱˡ
һԵʤҲὭɫЦϣµһעҲˡ
ߣһǧһȥŭһöռָתȥˡ
ûټڴ˵ˡ


1146 չ

ŽȥҶʱЦ
һԵʤҲЦνԿ˸ͷҲҵġ
֣ߣӮôʯȾơҶЦӮһǧƷʯνջḻ
Ҫѡ񣬿Ҫ꣬ǧ꣬׬ȡôʯ
ڼȥĵģ»ࡣ
ôУ˵ͣͱ͡ʤҡҡͷ˵
Ӯʯ͡Ҷ˵
ӮʯԼı£֮ǰ˵ͣһҶ㲻ƴǣͿĳˡʤ˵
ǺðɣҶЦ
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Ϣĺܿ죬ûãˣе֪Ҷ˽ԣΪµ
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ͬʱҶҲ鿴Լʯһ1351ƷʯһƷʯ֮󣬶͸ġ
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Ҷ΢΢˼һ£㿪ʼ̻ᣬ򡶻𵶵䡷ǰ㡣
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ô˵ҶҲֻһ񣬼츳ٸߣôܺء
ҶǰܽԣҲǿԼʥǿʣټռǿ󣬷ĻǽԵĶ֡
ԣҶ𵶵䡷Ƿǳڴ
ţԼ˻𵶵ǰ֮󣬾ԿԿλ
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Լһº̻˱ǰġħ͡𵶵䡷ˣҶæʯˡ
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Ҷ˵ͷ̻ĹأͬʱҲӶĹأ򣬸û˸ҷ
Ͼ㹺Щķսʱ򣬻Ϣ¼
˲鵽ûйЩķսļ¼ȴʹЩķսô˼ȴĽ̻ǿߵƲá
ףҲӲ̻Ʋá
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ϹܼʱѾ֪λΪˣԶҶˡ
Ҷ㿪ʼ򡶰ħ͡𵶵䡷ķսǰ㣬ֻͼԵ쳣
Ϊԡ𵶵䡷ǳڴټҶڲԱһ򡶻𵶵䡷
𵶵䡷ĵһ㣬Ҳǵһͼ滭һĻײ࣬·ֻģȴɢһҶüͷ塣
ּսҲôòġҶ찵뵽
뵽Զѧǰ㣬ΪԼѧᣬϾǿռ
ֻҶ첻֪ǰ㣬ǻʮʱ䰡
ҶҪڶ̶һڲǼֱ췽ҹ̷Ͳܡ
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ҶѾһУԺֻʣһͼأʼͼ￪ʼζһ㡣
Ҷʱһϲ֪ԼѾˣǼ
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Ѿȥһǧˡ
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ȻҪ
磬Ҷ볹һ㣬ѾԶˡ
ֻҪʱһˮɡ
Ȼֹǧ꣬Ҷ㳹ˡ𵶵䡷ĵһ㡣
û뵽ɵһ㣬㻨ǧʱ䣬ѹЩǣںʱ䡣
Ҷ۾̾˿
Ǵ֮ɽʱڲ󷨣Ҷ컹ǵһαչôʱ䡣
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ڶͼ͸ӻɬѶˣ̺ԶԶһͼ
Ҷ㻨ǧʱ䣬š
ֻ˼ʱ䣬ż
ֱʮȥ֮ҶŽڶɹνǼ֮
Ҷȴ֪ٶȣʵѾԽ˺ܶˣһȥԻɽϢɽ𾪵ġ
ڰɽʷϣû˿Խ𵶵䡷ô졣
һʼҶ컹ʲôֱͨ̽һЩ𵶵˺󣬲Լٶжôֲ
·Ҳһָġ
ҶȴףΪռڵǿ
ټϣϾתǿǺġ
ȥһˣҲ֪ݴ½ôˡҶ컺۾
ˡ𵶵䡷ĵڶ֮Ҷûмչز㣬뿪ص뿪˶ǰǡ
һ˵ֻգ֮䣬һαչضѡ
ݴ½Ѿ˲ٱ仯ҶЩģ׼ȥ
ң׼ͻȥԺʱصϵݴ½ˡ


1147 ع
ʮȥˣǻӣûʲô̫ı仯
Ҷ֮߳λ񹧾ӭͭ졣
Ϊ֪Ӵ߳ǶȻҪӭӣ˿
λ֮УһλҶʶѩ
ѩû뵽㻹פҶЦ˵
ҶǵѩɵҲû뵽ԼˣȻôͳΪ
Ǻǣ°ɣλȥæɡҶ˻֣ͭȥ
¸ˣͭĽؿѩһۣ漴ȥ
Ҷ쿴ѩ˵ҪעһЩƣʹûбɣ
ҶʹѾˣҲʶʹȥҪעƣ˵ѪҺСѩæ˵
֪߰ɣҶ˵ͷ
ҪļעƣѪҺȻӵС
ƣټѾõ쾧ôԺʱصϵˡ
ѩټҶʵ͵λƺܿעˣֱľѩáá׻СѩŮġ
֮Ҷѩֱӷɳ˶ǣȻ˲ƶȥ
ºҶ콵һϡ
ǵҶʶФ
ףȻһϢѵФСڰڳ𣿡Ҷ콵֮ʶһɨʱӦһλǿϢ
ԣϢФġҶͻȻҡͷ
Ȼ˽һ꣬ǵФϢԲλ
ңŹȥһ꣬Фǵ츳ܳ
Ҫ˵ФΪʦҶ컹ţФҪϡٵĵطǿҪǧС
ϾФ츳ֻһ棬档
գҶ㳯ԼɳĮ˲ƶȥ
ʱ
ɳĮ棬һߣüؿǰһ޴󷨡
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ԴҶ뿪֮ФһֱɳĮ֮Уһо󷨣һΪ
ڴڼ䣬ͳȥһΣǱҵѩݺ̫ӱѩޡ
˺Фһֱڹо󷨣ֱʮǰΪʦ
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ܿФע⣬Դ˹ȥһˣǶԷλǴ˵е飬ֳ֯ɳĮ
ңФɳĮ沼һ󣬿ϧǣոճΪʦãֻüѧһ˵
ⲻǸλھͱ֮С
ֻǸλ̫ټФոճΪʦõǺǸλĹ£ѾҪˡ
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ڵʵǿ뿪ֻҶƴҲҪػе
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ФҲˣʶ˲飬֪硣
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Сӣм꣬ˣģʱһҪѪϴݡ֮У͵شһŭ
Ф֪Ǹλ񣬵ߵô˵أƻʦ󷨣ʦһĲ㡣
ߣ㲻һССʥʦҲλ࣬κεҡ֮еǸλЦ
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һ̣ܵ󷨾ôƽˣ¶Ǹλ
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ͽݼʦ𣡡ڴʱФ
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Ф֮ɫ˽һ꣬һˣӣЦ
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ֻҶЩϰ߶ѡ
ɣЩܹ꣬ΪʦҲȷˡҶ˻֣ʱФվĿ֮¶һ˿͡
ò˵Фһ츳ǳãһ꣬ѾΪʦ
츳ҲФԺܹ֮ģ̻ᡣ
뵽ҶФ˵ȥһ£һ뿪򽻸˹
ǣʦ𣡡ФԶʱô꣬о֮⣬ǵȴҶ
Լܹʦһ뿪Ȼǳ
Ф漴źλüʦһô
ǰ
Фﻰ䣬Ǹλ͹ڵϿɥ
ĺˣΪ͸Ҷľ磬ʹһ㣬֪ǰˣԶԶǿԼҲλ񾳽硣
Ĺ㣿ߣҶһͷųһƬ⣬ȴһֻѷ֮зɳǸλɱȥ
Ǹλûж˲ͱȥ񶼱Եˡ
һԵФɴ۾û뵽ֻȻôһӾͳһ顣
Ϊʦȥ׼һ£ݵ鶼źáҶŴ㶵Фȵ
ǣʦ𣡡ФæɽɳĮݵȥˡ
ҶֻЦŵͷѾ̤񾳽ˣеˡ
أҶͣɵ˷ܵش漴ΪһƬ⣬ٴνҶС硣


1148 ž
Фﰲźһ֮ҶǼʴ
һ̣˱һѾڴţ˳æӭ
ǰݼʹ
һʼǿߣҶФǰȴ羴֮ɫ
Ϊ֪ܹ߳ˣ顣
ţҶ˵ͷֶһŵҩФһ󣬼
Ȼ񵤣찡˹ĿҶȥȻеĵҩһ֮£ʱĿɿڴ𾪡
Ǵ˵е񵤣ŵҩҾԿԽʥܹ񡣡˺Щϲ
ݣ˶ϣܹػ󣬾Ϊһֵʱ򣬶ػһЩҩ߷
ЩҩͷȻ˵ֵһᣬǶ˵ȴı
ֻǣһ㶼Ǽ꣬ǧ꣬ųһΣܹõ豦˺١
һõıô˾ͻΪǿߣҲʹڲػǳҡ

һδδĴͣҶФˣһʱ䣬ݴ½
ǳڱһСϣػž칬ǿߣм鿴ء
⼸鿴󷨹âʱ򣬶ǳȡ
ȥǵһμعء
ǰЩȥʱôֻܻǲ֪˭
ɣ
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һӣĶ˵Աߵļȴ֪ԭԲûоȡ
ΪҶҶҵһź󱲣Ϊ顣
Ҷһ
ЩȻʦ𣬿ʦ֮УҲһһԵФ￴һĻɵð뵽
ʱǸҶҲӦæعݵҶѫݼڡ
ûôֻҪ񼴿ɣҶѫҶ֮ˣҶ죬ȻҪ¹
ʵϣҶ͸ӦӺԼѪϵвµһ
£ҶЦŰ˰֣ܹ꣬Ϊλ񣬺ܺá
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ˣǶѾ֪ˡҶҡҡͷ漴ȡһЩҩͷҶѫԱߵļ飬ҲʹһЩ񵤣ȻûҶѫĺá
֮ҶФ뿪˴˵ء
Ҷȥ֮󣬼λŻعԼе񵤣ϲɫ
Ҷ֣ǿɳˡЦ
ҶѫҲޱȣЦû뵽ھȻˣҶѫȻԼڣڵȺһһĽˡ
ǳҶԺһǰ;ɱǼֵܰЦĽ֮ɫ˭ûһǿء
Ҷѫ˵ͷЦôܣǶǺֵܣˣڻ϶ʲô飬ҵȥʱҲиȵķݣͽλֵܰæˡ
Ҷ־ȥ򣬲µġæ˵
Ҷѫ칬

ʱҶФѾ칬ҶļλӾԳأһҶ칬ǿߣǰӭӡ
ԶԶĿȥѹѹһƬա
ܶ飬ʥʥµСûʸǰ
찡ФܵһǿϢ𺳲ѡ
Ҫ֪ǿǵһ֣ȴ˵׵Ĵڡ
𣿺öǿ߰Ф־ϲҶߣҴ˵
ҶļλӶӭѡ
ЩҶо칬ǿߣȫһݵؿš
ʱ꣬ҶûɢԽΪݴ½һ񻰣һ
ĴڣΪĵҶ֪
Щ칬ǿߣҶҵЩǵһμҶ죬Էǳ
û뵽ҶҶôˡ
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˵գۼ֮ڣҶȴǵõķչһѾݴ½һˡ
ңҶҳ˺ܶʥ飬Ҳ
ҶļӣѾˣľѩǴﵽλ񾳽磬Ŀǰݴ½ǿġ
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ܺãǶˣҲˡλӣҶ¶͵Ŀ⣬˿
ҲǴһЩҩ¼ûг
ֻҪǾ͵޾ԪԺҲ֮ܲУס
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ҶæӮȥ
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Ҷ˵ͷóĸ׵ΪЩȶˣȻǿгصµġ
Ҷ첻ɵõһԱߵҶҶʱί֮ɫ
ӦǿгصġҶĸЦ
ȷ񵤡Ҷ첻ɷ˵ȡһ񵤣ĸ׷ȥʱȶĸ׵Ϊ޸ơ
ǰ磬ոջʹ˼ˡҶãҶҶĸ󣬵Ҷһۡ
ˣˣǸĴҶȡһЩҩ͸ãõŭ
߰ɣȻȥ˵ҶɨΧЩһۣ˵
Ŀ˿ţʵ̫ˡ
£ҶԷĸף칬
һ·ϣ˵ЦȻҶĸ˵
ĸϵЦݣҶ˿˵ĸѾǼӰ֮˳
ھ飬Ҷ뿪ݴ½ʱҲԼĸס
Ͼʼղףסĸ׵ġ
ҶҶãǾڴһӤûʹҶĸԼŮ
ʵϣһôܸŮÿ첼һ󣬾Ͳڱʮ˹
ҶĸҲǴҶ֪Լôǳڻ֮УֻҶʱ򣬾Ż᱾彵٣ƭҶ졣
֪ЩҶĸһʼ޷ܣЩҶΪ񣬰ĸħ
ĸԴԺͺ˵ˣֱλĸ¶ЦݣҶų׷


1149 
𣿡
ĿԺֻشƵ𣿡

һӵԺУҶļӴһؿҶŪһ۾˸Сǡ
ҶһοҲ治ѣ˵ˡ
Ҳ⿴ţԼƣ¼ҶЦ˵ָ£Ůʼ¼
ңҲԽ붫ΪҶǸȡһЩˣֻЩͼȨޣޡ
ô˵Խ붫Ҳ˽ܶණˡ
Ů֪ô֮󣬾ҲҶˣǺز鿴Ϣ
ڲһǧʷݴ½ǲ֪˶ٴλ棬ȴǾʶˡ
˼˼֮Ҷȥһټݴ½ĸ߲㣬ȥЩػ
ϾϴλʱФ㶼ˣҶһЩ鿴ش
ֻƶȣÿһ껻ˡ
˺ֹ˼ʮ꣬Ҷˣ»ص
Ĵڣʱݴ½Ǳ߹ͨԲٵˡ
صҶһαչˣһ߲򡶻𵶵䡷ʽ͡ħʼʵ
Ҷˡħĵһ㣬ͬʱҲ𵶵䡷ĵˣνջ޴
Ҷ챾׼չأ𵶵䡷ĵ㣬һɹ
¼ȴյܲϢһҪȥִУרڸ
ԴˣҶ첢֣ȻȨôȻҲҪе
˵٣һǧ꣬ǧ꣬Żһ
ܹøֵּ񣬶ڴ
Ϣϣû˵ϢӵϢϵϡ
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ûȥϣͨƵԻǽһʱ䣬ϵһֻ̫𡢽޳ϷЩˡ
ֵһǣЩҲ֪սϢЩһŬʵ׼ս֮һ
Ϸ硢޳ҶʥЩţʱѾﵽλ񾳽磬ٸǼǧʱ䣬ԿԴﵽԲ硣
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ҶϵФʱФ˷ܵضҶ˵
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Ф֮Ҷ׼ФƻԺΪФ󷨷츳̫ˣͰͽɽǵѧԺˡ
ֻҶû뵽ФܹɽԺ˵Ф츳ɽҲǶģ򲻿ܻᱻͽԺ
ϲˣúŬȡ֮ġҶ漴
ǣʦһʧФＤ˵ɽ⼸꣬һʵʱ̣ǳмҶ죬Ҷᡣ
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ȻһЦ˵Ҷǿ˿εʵѣҶʵǼˡ
볤ϸ֪Ҷ˵ͷ˵
Ȼϵ˵ͷ˵ģǰǵɽϵһʯ󣬾ݱعƣ̺ʮƷʯѾһ֧ȥפػʯˣΪ˱һ㣬ǻϣһλȥһʧ
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ãҴӦˣô㣿Ҷ˵ͷ漴ʵ
ȻҪͣװǲܵġ
ԳƬ̣˵չأһǰ͵ġ
Ŷ֣Ҷʵ
һǲҪֻ֣ȵʯ꣬ҶԻʯٷ֮ķֳɡ˵
Ҷ˵ͷʯ̺ʮƷʯٷ֮壬ǾƷʯˣҲһʴ롣
ڶأҶ漴ʵ
ЦڶᣬְֵӶԻðٷ֮嵽ٷ֮һķֳɡ
ֳɶ٣ôȷҶʵ
ܹסʯôͿԵõеİٷ֮һסˣȵԮôֻܵõٷ֮ߡûбסʯȻȵԮЭʯֻܵõеİٷ֮塣
˵
һ仰û˵ǾͰ׸ˡ
Ҷ첻Ҳ֪
ϣĵصҶ˽֮󣬱ѯʵ
񲻴ˣʱʯ򡶻𵶵䡷͡ħһٶ͡
ҶǵͼǣȻ˲ƣʵһִܵϽͼҶ죬漴˵·ߡ
֮󣬻Ҫ˲һʱ䣬⻹Ҷ˲ơ
ò˵طȷƫƧѹ˵ܼ򵥣ֻкСĻᡣ
£Ҷϣ̳ǰǡ
ɽڵһڶΧڣҶֱͨӱǣȻ鿴ͼѭǵ·ߣ˲ƶȥ
ǰĿĵҪʱ˲ƣҶȻôɵɵ˲ƣǷų˲ơ
Ѿﵽ񾳽磬ȻʵҶ죬˲ٶȣȴһǿˣֻǱȲ˿ռ䷨Ҷѡ
Ͼޣٶȿ졣
ҪȻôУһͬ𣬷ҡֱϾʫء


1150 
ʱ䣬ڲ򡶻𵶵䡷Ҷ˵գ֮ѡ
һ죬ҶӵѣѾҪִĿĵˡ
£Ҷ۾ԦŽǰһž޴ȥ
ʯڵ򣬿ͨͨûһ֮ϣȻ̺˼ֵʮƷʯʯ
ʯγɣҶҲصش˽⡣
òⶫĵرͬǱ汾ԴڵĵطǳأһȻγɵĶл
ΪˣʯƶĻһƻֶеĻôʯ뱻ٵ˳ɡ
ңʯھҲǳһżҪķѲٵʱ䡣
̫ļĻôھʯױٻҲܶࡣ
Ϊˣ˷ʯҲֻʵʵشԭؿɣܽŲƵ֮С
ԣÿʯ󣬶ǲǿ˵أֱʯ󿪲ꡣ

Ҷˣǲõˡ
˵ǰǸǱҶܵģҶȻ½ĸʵȴǷǳǿ󡣡
Ҷ˵أɿˡ

Ҷ콵ʯʱ򣬰ľųͼλųʱӭ
ЩפʯܵİǣȫٵҶ죬۷׷ס
ҶɨʯΧİһۣ΢΢Ծüһһˣһλ񰡡
ǰλųλųλȻֻλڣҲ˲ˡ
һפڴˣҶҪʯҲףϾ˫ȭѵ֣һλ
ЩλһλˣҶֵҲɣֻ롣
ھžžųԨҶ
Ϊ׵ľųųæҶ
Ҷ˰֣˵ųضػʯ󣬻ǵÿųҶĳֻʱѡ
Ҷǧô˵ڴˣ̤ʵˣϾôһʯѱĵע⡣¸ٶǿɶĵԨæ˵
ô˷𣿡Ҷ쾪ȵ
ʱûУȻƫƧżҲðߺӶѱᱻ˷֡Ԩ˵
ǾͺãҪǿ䱸ףų֪ΪʲôܸоЩ죬ҶĳʶһѡҶ˵ͷͻȻԨ˵
Ŷ֪λǰ⵹µҡԨЦ
ʤҲǶҶЦ
Ԩ۾һæ˵ҶµүүүүҲ˵ơ
ԭֵѹ񣬺ǺǡҶЦ
Ҷ룬Ѿ˸޽˹Ͱڴ˱չأе˵»֪ͨԨЦ˵ʤĹϵиӷˣػ˳ܶࡣ
ǻ˹òô鷳ҰһӾСҶȻЦ
鷳µҡԨæ˵Ҷ죬ǰʯ󸽽һ֮С
һ·ϣҶųʶɨʯ󣬿һλڿа֮࣬Ȼظš
Ǵôλ񣿡Ҷ첻ɵúʵ
ҶЩǼǶλЩͼλһǶҪھһʯܽΪʽԱԨ˵
Ҷ˵ͷĵЩλ񣬿Щͨλһ뿪򴳵˶ǣ˶
Щͼ飬ҲǱؾ֮·Ͼʵ̫ˣȥĵطֻΣա
ܹ붫˵ǳãȻҪھʯʵҲбģһǽϤ棬Ƕ˵
ԨҶΰԻ͵ĹȻͿʼչأ򡶻𵶵䡷ĵˡ
㣬ҶѾˣĹƣһǧ򣬳ǧ꣬ضܹȫ
ȻͬʱҶҲħǿԼĺڰ
ϾҶڻֻλ۷徳磬ܹսʱԲ磬ôʵͻһ¥
֮Уʱŵ죬ꡢǧꡢ꣬תۼš

ʯԶһƬǿ֮Уĳϣһλλ
гѩһŮӶ˷ȴͬ鶼ˣֻһӹһ٣ʱˡ
λΣհٶʱ䣬ҽȫָҲ֪ЩûУǱյΪ
ѩ뵽漴ٿһͷӥޣɳڸǿε
һԦʦóıǲٿޣΪˣŶһ١
ףöôܣͻȻѩٿص޴һž޴Ա߷ɹʱӦϢ
üһӵô񣬾ɽϵ֮һǵӣǶİڴ˸ʲôѩͨޣʱЩ
ʱʯڵϣھžŵľųԨ͵ۿĿ⿴ͷǿ֮еޡ
ޣ˵ѾѲӹˣе޶ɱˣôܻޣԨɵüͷ
漴Ԩɫһ䣬ߵԦʦȻԦʦá
Ԩ͵վѶλų˵˸һλͷޣλԦʦҳסɱ⡣
ǣ
λųɱص˵ͷ
£λųٶλ޺档
ãˣѩͨޣʱһĻһᡣ
ٶλ񣬾ƾλʵƱǴˣһȼġ
ֻͷˣֻнԱǲ޷ҵϢҲͲҵõңҲҪ뿪Ͼǿ϶Ѱġ
ѩǳϵԱͷޣȻ뿪򣬳Զ˲ƶȥ
λųԱȻûзѰҳѩ䣬ǷֿΧѲ
ֻǳѩѾ뿪ˣעҲ
üһһһľôפ϶ʲô顣
ѩһ˲ƶӣһ뵽
һͨͨ򣬾ȻһİפԲ򵥡
ѵǿʯ󣿡ѩȻ۾һ뵽ֿܡ
ֻͨıĻҪôǿפΪĿ̫ˣȫֻʯ󣬲Ҫôǿػ
ΪʯھףҪܳʱ䣬ԱҪдػ
ܹöһİôʯټֵһƷʯϡѩ𺳵뵽
ͬʱһ⣬Ŀ
ҽϢؼֵ٣ţຣѡˡ
û뵽һֺ£ֱһʺƣʧڿ׬ˡ
£ѩе


1151 
ˡ
ʯ󸽽һ֮УҶ컺۾ڵĿ⣬쵶նա
һǧˣʯһǧˣڽ𵶵䡷ĵˡ
ͬʱġħҲ˵ڶ㣬ٶȿˣоԼԲ磬ֻһˡ
ʵϣҪЩ꣬󲿷˼ڲ򡶻𵶵䡷ϣʹﵽԲˡ
š𵶵䡷׼ǿߴսҵռǿ̫ˣҵʵԺλһս˰ɡҶ찵뵽
ױҶľǿ̫࣬׻ʱ̫ˣԴսҶˡ
෴ҶܹռǰУʵѾǳˣԾ涥š
ҵִ׾֮ǰǲҪռĵУǰ㣬ԺҲҪ޸һ
Ҷ뵽
վøߣҲܹԶ
ˡ𵶵䡷ǰУ֪ԼУֱһЦ
ϵӡټǿ츳ͲǽԵĶ֡
ҵϵӡ߶⡶𵶵䡷ȴǱȱǿˣҵĵ㣬˵ĵĲˡ
Ҷ첻Ц
ƾԼڵʵٵȵΪﵽԲ֮ô棬Ҳе۷ڣӦԼˡ
ȻҶ첢û˶ΪЩսƵֻкܶǿ̫ࡣ
ܹõΪʲôУ
Ҷ첻аҪøǿԣҪ𵶵䡷
֮󣬾ȥμս׬ʯ򡶻𵶵䡷㡣Ҷ찵뵽
漴ҶԨѯʯĿɽȡ
ҶѾһˣ໹һǧ꣬ܳ׿ϡԨ˵
ܺãǼŬˣЩ꣬ʲô쳣Ҷ˵ͷһǧ꣬ܵȵʱħΪԲ硣
ҶǰǷԦʦͨ·˵أֻ޷ȷԷǷ֪ԨʵԴϴλųֻоһֱš
µ˻ʱǿ˾ͷ
ֻ⼸һֱల¡
ԦʦҶüͷȻ֪ԦʦһʲôĴڣȺһսУȴԲٿޣǵõǿޣԽս
ľǣһλ񼶱Ԧʦһͷ׼ĳޣݺЩĴ۱ȼ硣
λǿԦʦȴڳ׾ʧʱˡ
ͷ׼ĳޣָɣ뿪ǰ
궼ûжҲԷ֪ʯĴڣǻǵüǿ䡣ҶƬ̣˵
ǣҶԨæͷʵûҶѾǿ˾ˡ
ĿԨȥҶǣһЩϵһżչأ򡶰ħ

ຣһŮλӴ˳ǳѩ
ຣˣ˼·Ҷȥĵ̡ѩ뵽
ҪӶ󣬿һٶִܵຣô˭֪᲻Ѿˡ
Ҫ֪棬ûаȫϣɱҲɱˣŲΪ㱨
ֻнڲΪĹ񣬲Żõıɱ㣬ôͻܵͨ
ˣֱִ˳ຣѩ˿
ڸôϵຣĸ߲ˣˣʶһຣȿ䳤ϣҲܹó
ѩգԼʶλȿ䳤ϷȥһϢ
Ϣݾһʯ󣬱İռݡ
ʯսʣûĸ
ⲻոշϢûãԷϢţҪԼ
һһλຣȿ䳤ϣͨ˳ѩ
ţλ񣿡λຣȿ䳤һѩΪɵüͷһ塣
ǿѩǾóѩʵʯôӵù׷ɱ
£ѩСѾͷϷȻ㸸е㽻飬ɲҪƭϷ򣬷ɱϷ档
ǰģԡѩæ˵
ܺãϷѾͬˣѾаɽٷ£ֻҪǩ֮󣬱õˡ
λຣȿ䳤ϵ˵ͷ漴óһֽͬݸѩ
ѩɨһ飬ʱ׺ͬݡ
պͬ˵ֻҪȷʯôຣ㽻һƷʯûʯڼϢôѩ⳥ຣһǧƷʯ
⳥֮󣬳ѩʱԥϾûۿʯֻͨƲ⣬žӦʯģһҪŪˣô죿Ϳˡ
ôѩСѾͷĪˣϷ򲻳ɣѩٳٲǩͬλຣȿ䳤ϣʱɫһǿѹֶ֮
ǰѩʱ죬ܵ˾޴ѹ
ߣλຣȿ䳤һ漴ѹĿ⣬Ȼ䶢ųѩ
ѩ֪ˣԼ֪˵
ԭˣܹöɳһİפƫƧĵطҲȷкܴܳʯ󡣡λຣȿ䳤곣ѩʱȻص˵ͷ
ǰ㿴ͬѩɵ˵
ѵͣҪһʺƣǲеġλຣȿ䳤ߵġ
ѩʱһݣ֪ͬǩˣĻԺֻܴ棬Ȼͻܵຣ׷ɱ
£ѩ΢ԥһ£ҧãǩˡ
ƴһѣӮˣܹõһƷʯˣǾҪ⳥һǧƷʯ
Ŷİɣôפ϶ǷʯǷıҲõģͬʯ㡣λຣȿ䳤Ͽѩǩ˺ͬʱ¶Цݡ
ǣǰԷĻѩʱ˿ôפûʯ󣬿Ҳ˲õı
£ѩʯڵλϢͨλຣȿ䳤ϡ
ŶԭǴ˵أǿҳຣѹѡҳຣסλຣȿ䳤Ͽ֮󣬵˵ͷ˵
ǰʶкϢȻҪǰѩæ˵
ţСѾͷֻܲҪϢȷϷ˽½ʮƷʯλຣȿ䳤Цŵ˵ͷ
лǰѩ˵
ڿɲǵĽж٣ǵϢǷȷϣβ⣬ϣһʯɡ
ֱλຣȿ䳤ȥ֮󣬳ѩ˿һҿջס£ĵȴϢ


1152 
ຣ
սһԲǿߣڼҵؽսţǶǳຣĸ
һ˸ǳຣĶӣ塣
ȭ
ͻȻһȴ
ֻ˫ȭӶٿ֮֮񣬰˫ȭǿγ֣ĳຣɱˡ
ٵȭԽԽˣ¿ӽĲ˰ɣĳȫǶ֡λڲԶ۳壬ɵر˱ȭ˵
΢΢һЦ˵ŵˣĳȭĲ㻹أҪ񾳽ȭĲ㣬ʵ̫ˣĳչһǧ꣬δ򡣡
ٵˣɽϵ˭ܹ񾳽Ĳ㣿ܹõǿɾǡţȻᾪ߲ġŵ˵
̫ˣܹﵽȵսʱҲ⣬еǿߣпܳΪס̾
ɽϵѾڶˣųƷš
ŵҲǲ۵һСѣֻɽϵСطҫˡ
кܲʣһֱȭĲ㣬ӶΪţϧչһڶ꣬һ
˵òһŻ֡
ҪΪŸ磬ֱͨšһš۷šʼۼ޵м켶
ͨźһţˣɽϵĸ϶š
۷弶ţЩϡˣɽСϵѾٿԼõ
ɽĵţǶ񾳽磬ưһһ
оǷţţѾңǱϿɵš
ɽСطܹﵽţֱָ
֮һΪɽϵʮ֮һɽĵһ㶼
ڷţǾ͸˲ˣˣ֮Уܳų֮֮ͬУֱ޵С
ڷķʡۣǾ͸ǿˣ򣬶ŵŵġ
޵мţǻһԪδػһţĿǰԪѾȥķ֮ȴȻûгֹּš
ս֮УһܹﵽۼţϾȡõһˡ
켶Ǿ͸ϡˣһּţǾǿԳΪףкܴϣΪٲҲܳΪǿף޵
ףû뵽Ȼһʯ󣬿СءͻȻŵӵһϢɵЦ
ʯж󣿡ԣоһѯʵ
һİפҲи򣬿ʮƷʯϵĴ󡣡ŵ˵
ʮƷʯ΢΢һ˵ͷ˵ȷСˣһΣҪ׬һˡ
ٵĿǰֻҺڳຣҪһȥʯɡŵ˵
ͷλˣεԳպұչô꣬ЩѶˣǸøǴкˡ˰֣˵
ٵԳضɹĳ͵ȴٵĺϢˡŵʱ˵
ţŵҲ׼һ£һʯ󣬻Ҫȥ򡣡ٵ˵
ٵΪβ򣿡ŵȵҪ֪ʯǻаٷ֮һġ
ֲȱǵʯ˵ǰ˵ɽǵĽǶһλţƺڲμսҲȥʶһ¡˵
ŵԴʧɫٵòҪμսɣǿɲУǱ֪Ҫ衣
ŵ㲻ؽţĳûô嶯ء˵ҲȱǵʯҪͻƾ磬ҲѡΣյķֻħţŻѡɱʽİ취ͻƾ磬ֻȥսѣ˵Щջ񡣡Ц
Ǿͺáŵʱ˿Ҫǻμս˵ʲôҲҪ
ϾǳຣδϣԽţδóຣһ¥
Ķܿ죬һ֧ʯ֧ȫλɣսȶİ
֮󣬵֧ʯڵƬǿʱͱѵһˡ
ǳຣĴʯ󱻷ˡѵʿæϢݸԨ
㴫ϢҲ԰ȥˡ
ʿϢ׼ȥ֮ʱһӲԶ
ţʿͫ׶ʱһŵضŲԶﲻ֪ʲôʱ򣬳һ꣬Įض
Ȼ㣬壡ʿɴ۾𾪡
ôҲһλ񣬼붫ܶˣȻ֪ĴǿǺųɽϵʮ֮һǷš
û뵽㻹ʶңȻҪĮȻһ̤˸֮䣬ѾǰԶˡ
ߣʿ֪Ŀ£Ҷ룬չ˲ȥ
Ȼһֻ޴ȭͷȴѾգ˲֮ǰڵƬǿնˡ
˿ֲĹ֮£ʿ˲䱻ɱ
ຣĴڻ󣬺ƺƵ
һȵ
ٵʤ
ٵʤ

ĳຣǿĿ⣬˿Ⱥͼ
Ϊɽϵʮ֮һǳຣܶ˳ݵĶ
ʱ
ʯԨӵʿϢʱ󾪣æҶڵĹǰȥ
ຣĴҶԨĻüͷ΢΢
֪⸽ຣǳƫƧܻᱻຣ˷ֲŶԡ
Ԧʦ߳ຣˡҶ˼Ƭ̣漴˵
Ԩ˵ͷҧгݣݺݵ˵ҪǱ֪˭һҪÿ
˵ѾˣϽ̽ຣ˶ˣʵΣͷ˭Ҷ˰֣˵
ҶϢʿѾɱˣѾɳһλųǰȥ̽ˣغ֪ܿܵԨæ˵
ܺãʱҲչأʲôϢ֪ͨҡͬʱҲֵ׼ǿ׼ӭսҶ˵ͷ˵
ǣԨ˵
λĸų͸ϻˣԨ֪˳ຣľʱԨˡ
ȻǻԵԨź𾪣Ȼ֪ĴǶҲֻеܻܻ壬ĸǻĶ֡
ˣԨʱˡ


1153 д
ʯҶڵĹԨ˽
ʲô֣Ҷ̧ͷʵ
Ԩɫʱһ漴˵ҶλųˣγຣλѾõĻ壬ǵ֧ԮС
ŶǻǺˣΪôţѵ񼶱ǿߣҶЩȵʵ
Ԩҡҡͷ˵ҶǻȻ񣬵սȴǳӽˣɽϵʮ֮һǷš
ţ
ҶԴһ·ţʱõϢǹŵĻ֡
ԭˣû뵽еţΪôȼ֪һԡ
Ҷ찵뵽
漴Ҷ̧ͷ˵ʱ֧ԮǺú׼һ£ǻԶԸֻҪԸ±ˡ
Ҷǻǳǿ㡭ԨЩĵ˵Ҫ֪ɽϵǺܹ뻪ȼġ
ʮλɶǳϲ绪塣
ʮλһ֣Ҳ뻪忹⣬ǻΪɽϵԭ
¼ɣ
Ҷ˵
Ԩʱ˵ˣϾֻһųλȲϸֻ¡
λҶܹλ۷ľܽԣҲһӽţԲôɣԿ֮󣬿϶֧Ԯġ
Ԩţ߳˹
ڵҶ죬ٴͨһ»ˡʱϢˣҶϸ鿴
Ȼǳຣٵ츳еλѹô󡣡
Ҷ쿴ЩϢʱԻ˽˺ܶࡣ
˵ʵȷǸܵĽǿˣѹԨ˵ġ
Ҫǻ֮ǰңҲͺ࣬ڣѾ˵ġ𵶵䡷ʵ֮ǰһ¥Ӧڷš
Ҷŵ˵
ȻΪ˱е˻ļսƵۿһ¡
֮ҶŸˡ
˵ôһЩҲͷ࣬ͬԵֵ
£Ҷ찲ĵȴĵȴûټչˡ
ʱܿ죬֮󣬻ųຣĴʯڵ֮⣬ǺƴƣԶҶܵˡ
ҪԨ֪ͨҶ߳˹˼ҴҷԨ
ҶѾˣ󡣡Ԩæ˵
ߣֵǣȥһ塣Ҷ챳˫֣һ˶̤նǿ֮С
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ǿ֮Уͳຣһӣ˴˶Գš
ҶĿ⣬һӾ䵽˶Ϊ׵һϣƳ죬˫֮У̺ųҵľ⣬˲С
ʣǻ塣
ͬʱҲڴҶ죬üͷ΢΢
λЩ֪Ƕλһȿ䳤ϣһҶ죬漴ʵ
ҶȻһЦһԼ˶һȿ䳤ˡ
һԵԨǰ˵ӣλǶ½Ҷ졣ǰãҶ˽ԣȡ֮
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оⱬ䡣
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ȻΪ˸߰ͬţȴҲ὾
Ͼ츳ɽϵãɽϵҲֵһᣬڰɽŲţ˵ˡ
ҶǷţôպǰ;ȻȻ
ӵĴҶĳȴǾֻǲ֪ǰΪ£Ҷ쵭Ц
ȻҶ֪⣬û˺Ƥ֮ǰҶ飬ɽĴҪЩƤġ
Ҷ֣˲˵ε⣬Ҳ֪Ц
ŶҶиһ˿ȣû뵽Ȼôֱӡ
ܹʶҶ֣ҲǻĳңԻĳε񡣡˵
ҶĿһ
ߵԨȴϲ
ٵԵһ˲ɵþһæ˹
ö˵д㡣˰ֹ֣˴ˣĿ⿴Ҷ죬ЦҶ֣ѵһĳָոճأдһ¡Ȼǵ㵽ΪֹΣ
Ҷԣʱ˻˼
Լλ۷徳磬һЩϢԶԷô
˵ףʵԭ
£Ҷ˵ͷЦܹʶ֣ҲҶĳңȻˣҶĳ㡣
ҶֹȻˬ죡
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Ƭǿ֮УʱֻʣҶ뻪ˡ
Ҷ֣ȭѾ˵㣬ϧĲңңڣϣҶһսܹ򡣡
˵ţ˫ȭʩչֽȻͬȭ⣬ʱųǿա
ҶȥɵõһݣȷȻȭ־硣
ȭҲһλǿս뾪콣ͻ𵶵ͬ
⻪Ȼ˵ֻ˵㣬ڵĲ棬Ҳ˾ĵزֻԲˡ
£Ҷ첻Ҵ⣬Լռȫ
֣Ҷĳǻ𵶵䣬Ҳ˵㣬뻪ָһҶ˵ţһǿĵ⣬ֱƲ񷡣
ȭ𵶵䣡
ǿƣǿ֮вϵۣ漴˴ײ
ãҶʵȻǿѹܹܽԡ
ܵҶǹǿƣ岻ϲɵôһҶһȭɱ
䣡
ǳҵȭ⣬ͬһ̫ҫ۵ԣǿա
ʱѣ񷶼ս
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ͬ񼶱𣬵˫Ĳ࣬ȴ֮
Ǹоһȭɱǡ
ԨųҲλ񼶱ĸ֣Ҳٵĸо
ǷţɽϵµǿˡԨ뵽
ʱ
Ҷһ˶һ쵶նƲ񷣬գЯһɿֲĻ֮ӡ
ǿǰߵǣȫоԼڲ
Ƿ·Ը߸ϵһ̲סĤݣ
ҶȻʵԨ𾪣漴ϲѹҶôеԭʵǿ
һڰҲеޱȵܡ


1154 £
䣡
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һ̣·߸ϵ֮񣬿Ȩ
µһȭΧ۵ǣܵٽϢ
ȻҶȴη壬쵶һӣһնƲ񷣬һա
ֻص뻪ȭݺݵغһǿս˲䱬ƥܡ
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Ҫ֪ôսûܵصƣһͱشˡ
Ҷֻ֣ǵһ㣬Ϊĵһôǿ󣬶Ѿڶˡ˵ǰδеء
һҲҲҵĵйذɣҵĵǳǿ󡣡Ҷҡҡͷ˵
Ȼ߻壬ΪϵӡϵӡԳӳ𵶵
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ôȻսȴƾеս˵ڴ·硣Ҳһսǿѹ֮£ܹҲ˵
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ֻ޴֣֮߶ƥһסֲʹ鿪Щռ䶼ȥγһڶһС
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ЩˣǽһսƵ¼ѣ׼ϴɽ̳ϣɽ˿һ
ŻȭĻûм֣նš
ã̾˿ȭҶ֣һսҸʰ·磬ûв´ѾǷˡ
̫ǫˣһսǲʤҶ쵭Ц
ЦȷǸղŵıǲʤѾʹȭĵˣҶʹ𵶵ĵڶ㡣
£Ҷʹ𵶵ĵ㣬ָεֵ
ԣȻûзֳʤǼȥذɡ
գ˰֣˾ˣҶֲذοңô˵ܹҶţĳҲǲС
ֹˣҶЦ
ȻЩоǲģҶҲύһ
һóຣЩˣعຣ
ҶʯԱߵĹ֮УͬĻаľųԨ˵Ц
һսΡ
һԵԨ̾µ˭Ҳ֪Ҷʵǿ󣬲ûϵһսƵѾϴˣºܿͻᴫɽϵ
ҲǻܴйƵ϶ᱻúܿ죬ټһսҶ¶˵츳
Ҷ֣ǰûҲɽϵ𣿡Щʵ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷҵȷɽϵģ²Ųһ꣬ԻǰûҲ
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ʵ⻹Ҷô˵Ͼֻǧ겻ҪǴȥ𾪵ġ
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ҶֹȻ츳ˣһεսضҶǰɽ֮ʱ֮ɫ
һԵԨûд֮лָ
սǧ˭֪жţҶĳԶءҶҡͷ̾
ЩսƵȻԼڵʵʲô
ҲԲ磬ʱʵһ¥Ҳܹ֮У֮ء
Ҷǫˣ츳սԽǰʮ԰ˡңȴԶ̾
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Сܹ֪ģҡҡͷЦ·ɽܹ֪ģҲһ֮ʱһεսҲһ֮ˡ
Ҷ˵ͷҲżϾҪ𵶵䣬ӶʹԼʵǿܹԼս
Ҷ֣֪ԸǳຣһʱͻȻ˵۾Ҷ졣
Ҷһ㶣漴Ц֣ҶĳѾǶĸˣȴǲټˡ
ʲôϵЦǶǳຣֻСѣݵҶ֡ս֮Ҷ־㲻ҲᱻĴ룬Ҳһ֡
Ԩæ˵˵ĲҶ츳ҲǶҸѡҪԸ⣬ҲڳຣҸǶຣǵжԹϵֻЩСĦѡ
ŶҶĳӦˡҶԣ۾һ漴˵ͷ
Ǳ룬ҲῼһຣͶһɽڵһݴ½ܽ
ĸôԺҲչݴ½
Ҷ֣鷳㽫Ƹңĳ͸Ц˵ܹҶ£ຣȴεõһʯǿˡ
֪ҶֻǹҸԺҶǿˣҲкܴĺô
ϾڶԸຣʱ򣬾ͻ˼ҶĴڡ
ȻҶҲóຣԴԼʵ
˫˴ãӮľˡ
ʵϣܶźǿߣϲһЩ֮йҸг顣
ˣҶ֣ӽ쿪ʼǳຣĵʮλˡһ㽫ƻҶ죬Ц˵
ҶɨһۣʱϢˣ˳ຣһּ
һԵԨĽ֮ɫְ֮ɽϵҲֻҶһˡ
ң֪ຣûеʮλȫΪҶģɼҶĿء
ӸղŵһսҶҲʵ츳


1155 
ҶΪຣ֮󣬻岢ûм뿪뷨ѵһԼţȻҪúýһ¡
νۣȺ֡
ǰһ𣬸ûʲô˼ÿд裬ԼʤӮ÷ǳɣûʲô顣
ڣҶڣ˫̸ĵã
żǿ֮дԣҲʱš
Ȼ䣬ȥˡ
Ҷ֣쿴һƷšսһĶһλӽţһӮ˵Ļô϶ҲǷˡ
һ죬һƵһҶ˵
Ҷʱ˹
Ƶϣڲսһ̻¶飬ֿ񣬷·һҰˣɷ졣
Ķӣ˫ͬɱ졣
˶ڼҵսţʤ÷ǳңƵ𶯣Ƶġ
ѴĵࡣҶЦ
ԱߵϢԿó̻¶Ĵ󺺣ѣҲǻ˵Ʒš
Ҷ֣֪һһһ񾳽硣ڵǿ򣬱һλռˣҲΪλķ²λ񲻾ú󱻳ɱѳû˳һֱǿ֮ˣֱԲ硣أǰû֪츳ʵһμսű¶ôǿʵ
˵
һľͦģ츳ºܿͻᱻһЩɡҶЦ
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Ҷ˵ͷΪ˱ݴ½Ҳѡӡ
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֪սҪٺҲھ˷ʱ䣬Ҫ򣬺Ͳ𵶵䡣
뵽𵶵䣬ҶҪĹɵöԻʵ֣֪μսʲô߳𣿡
ŶҶ֣ʲôҪμս循ȵ
ǰԼҪμսҶɻΪʲôôʣԼܲμս𣿡
Ҷ֣㿪ʲôЦһȥμսýǶô׳գĸ׳ջԸս
漴ҶɻĿ֮Уһ̳ɽ̳
ʱҶ۾һɣΪ̳ĶһѪɫ壬öˡ
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ԣһǰսҶ˵ĺܶ࣬ѵȷʱͻơ
Ƿˣս츳лҪȥɽʶһ¡漴̾
úսںʵ֮ĶָǶ֣ڻǱɱˡ
صƵ֮󣬻鿴һ̳Ȼûһ̳֮ϣƵͱܸߣҶ뻪һս
εΡͻȻܵһϢ
һҲ˼Ҷ죬ֱӾ͵㿪ˣȻһ뺯ɽǳġ
Ҷ֣ҹƲֹһˣ㿴ûյո˵꣬ҶǱߵ㴫Ϣ
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Ҷ֣ģڵһ߷ڴˣɽ˭巭˷ۣ˵
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£ҶԨԸһЩ飬Ȼ۳һ߾Ѫͻȥˡ
·ϸ˰ٶ꣬ͨ˶漴ͨĴֱɽǡ
⻹Ҷһɽǣǰ׼ʯ֮ɽǲμս
սˣȴû뵽յ롣
ɽ֮󣬻Ҷ죬ֱõϢĳһӳӭӣͬһλԲǿߣȡ


1156 
֣
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ǰ뻪ЦŴк
漴ȿһԵҶ죬Цݵ˵λҶְɣû뵽λһˡ
֣ҶЦŵ˵ͷ
һԵĻЦҶֲʶҶҲҳຣˡ
ðɽѵóһţͱ£ȥˣ治ǳຣٵ
˵գҶ˵Ҷ֣֣Ƚȥ˵ѾвѶˡʶҶֿ²ʶҸǽһ¡
ŶЩѶ𣬵ǷʲôˣΪγͻȻټǹüͷһЩȵ˵
ͬʱҶ죬˵Ҷ֣ЩѶɽţмһǷš
Ҷ˵ͷһڷǳһСǣһȣͨһԺ䣬ֱǰһ㳡յһ̻Ի͡
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ȻҲţɽһţѾҶ뻪Ƶ֪Ҷʵ츳Զǳ
Ⱥͻ壬ûҶǰǡ
Ҷصסˣֱ޺ϷңΪ뻪һǷš
ú󣬻һŸˣǸսȡʤĺѡ
˶֮ȲŸ˵λټǹʵһҪ˵
԰Уһţţж˺档
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Ǵá޺Ц˵
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ȿЦ츳ȲǣңɲʱΣյģҿɲҽȥȰҲҪúÿһ£ǱϵŵľۻᣬʵһģʱΣա
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Щ˷ɽϵȷ϶š
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ҶЩ棬ɵʵ֣ʲôΪԴӴжϳսٰʱ䣿
Ȼû˵һԵĻЦҶ֣һָ߼ģ㽫۵ľѪ˱ȫʵȻֻܴһʱ䣬ʱͻʧЧ
Ƚӹ磬˵Ҷ֣Ҫ֪ǲμսģ󲿷ֶţĸ߲ȻϣЩŻ˴롣ÿսþѪս㱻ɱˣҲֻʧһѪѡ
ԭˣҶȻ
ÿβμӵҪôһְɡҶ漴̾
Ҳ̾ǰսҲֻſԾٰ𣬼̻Ӷ磬ûôĵ̡
ϾƴǵǿӶ̻Ҫ࣬Ԫ۵Ĳ񣬸޷ҲֻǲٰܾսҲͷ
˵գվ˵Ҷ֣ǵһɽǣĵȻҪӷ硣ߣھȥɽľ¥һ٣ǿ̻ľ¥ɽ亣ζء
Ҷֿ֣ѵƷһΣοռıˡЦ
һԵҲЦ̻߾¥ȷʵһɫһЩԸȥԷ
Ŷôó𣿡Ҷ첻ɵһȣɶǲҪԷģοǸ߸ϵ
Ҷ֣ȥ֪ˣ׼󱥿ڸЦ
£һ뿪ǰ߾¥


1157 
߾¥ɽľ¥ʵϣҲľ¥гǳصĵط߾¥νǱ鲼
Ҷһʼ棬ˣΪλԳôЩʳʱҶԼѾһԻ̻
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һٷЩƣ㻨һǧƷʯ
Ҷ֪۸񣬶ʱɴ۾ֱ
Ҫ֪һǧʱ䣬ʯ󣬵ʱ½ҲһǧƷʯѡ
һٷͱˡ
ѹּǻǼһʱҲ˿˼ȫ̻ʣ·Ͷ̥һ
ٷһԳԵģǻǣҲǾԡ
ȻҲΪε㶼ĲɫЩͨĲɫҲˣһٷҲҪʮƷʯ
ˬ뿪߾¥ŶƤЦݡ
һԵĺѸ̾һٷһǧƷʯսƴҲ׬һƷʯҹսˡ
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ˣҶҲûжź
ңε֮УֻҪܹ㹻ıͬ׬ȡ㹻ʶ𵶵䡣
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ЦǼɽǿţҵȻҪ㱾ǮֻҪܹսɽҲõ߲Ľ
İɣܹﵽʲôز˵Ҷο϶ܹ򡣡Ц
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󽫾
һſˣæ
ҶտտӦһλλֻʵڰ
˵ӣƺɽǵĴ󽫾ɽǳ
λξɴ󽫾ǰȥϣʱλܹһ١˵
һ˵Ŵ󽫾ǰ
ͨɽǵĴֱӴ͵ϵһϣȻͨٴεĴͣһƬ嫵ǿա
䣡
󽫾ַųһҾ޴ս˵гûд󣬲˵ؾǸҲֻ·̡
һŶʱɵսϡ
󣬴󽫾һ˽дŲơ
ŲǱ˲ƸӸ߼ģֻдﵽ񾳽ӵеͨһŲһٸ˲ˡ
󽫾˲ƶҪʱ䣬ҵĻҪʱ䡣Ҷ찵̾
ʱĻ񻨵ʱռ䷨ܺܿӵдŲˡ
Ҳ֪Լʵ̫ͣôͲһܲá
ֻдﵽ׾ʱٲһУϾӵ޾ˣȻţȻӵʱһ
ҶڣҪѹأʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨󣬵ʱûʵףǰװײ˰
Ҷ֣ȱչˡҶкȥһϥĿˡ
Ҷ漴Ҳ۾ʼ򰵺ħڰ
ûеĲĻ𵶵䣬ҲֻʹԼﵽԲ硣
Ҷ֪޳а֮ǣĶҶʥѾﵽԲˡ
ϾҶ컨Ѵʱ𵶵ʱ˿ɶھΪ
䣡
֮սһֹ֮ͣ
һǶʱ۾ǰĺǿգڲԶǰһ޴Ŀռѷ죬·Ŀռ䡣
ʱѷΧפһ֧Ӵľӣ͸ǿϢȫһɫ

Ҷ𾪣ǵһοô񼶱ǿߣлһλ񣬱Ⱥڰ֪ǿ˶ٱ
ǰǶֻһȺϡ
ˣЩСһȥɣҰսǳʱֱҡ
󽫾˻֣˵
ʱһӰӲԶľ֮˲ƶɢһ񼶱Ϣ
ţɽ˵ɽγһţ𣿡Ȼʶ󽫾Ц˵
󽫾ָָսϷҶ죬˵СӣҶ죬츳սɽָСˡ
ŶλҶ졣
ҶʱܵһǿϢ̽
Сһֶβûϵȵսʱٿʲô£λЦ
ǰҶæ
ˣȥɣǶѾˣٵʱˡ󽫾˰֣˵
һŶʱǸ޴Ŀռѷ졣
ЩӶȺŵĵû赲ǵְػ˵أϵǿ߽С
Ҷ֣ռǳңǽȥ֮󣬿¶ᱻֿ˵
Ҷ˵ͷҲĿռĿռ䲻ͬһͻɿռң񼶱ǿߣһɻᱻ͵ĸء
£һǣҲֻܻ𣬽ռѷ졣
һƬҵĿռ֮УҶ͸оԼקˣ۾Χľʶ޷̽ӳȥ
ֱҶоȹ֮󣬲Ż۾
ʱһƬߵɳĮ֮УΧǻɳһ;޴ĹʯһȥʲôûС
ЩɽǣѾ֪͵ȥˣҶ΢΢˼Ƭֻ̣һ򣬶Էȥ
֮Ǹ޷˲ƵģΪǵǵռ䷨򣬶ᱻķѹơ
ֻͬ񣬲˲ơ
ңҶʶѹˣ޷Զȥ̽顣
ʶ۾ʶѹƣͺ۾ǳ鷳
֮£Ҷֻƾ۹۲컷ˣֻߵɳĮΪӦıԵʲôġ
ԣҶķȥ


1158 
ߵɳĮ֮Уһͷ;޴еؼԼ飬޾ĵϵΧƣµӿȡ
ͷҡڣΧһ޴ɳأ˷Űȥ
û뵽ﾹȻһһλ񼶱𣡡
ԶһӰҶ졣
Ҷ˫ضŲԶû뵽λ֮лҪһѲһ
ߴ֮Уһ򣬱ռݵĵط
ȻҲ䣬ǳϡ١
ߴ֮䲢ҲλμӹսԲԻɡ
Ҷţǰȥ
νһǱλ񼶱飬ͼֵһǧƷʯǣɶǼƷϣټֵƷʯһ⣬߾¥ҲһƷʯ
Ҷ£ȥټֵһǧƷʯ
ܹ׽ôֵ͸ˣΪܶ฻ӵܶϲԵøӵ硣
λ񼶱ǧƷʯ
ֱϵڱҶ̲ס˷û뵽磬ôջ
Ҫô𵶵ˡ
ҶҲ֪ǳ룬һѾˡ
СϣòҪűͳ㡣
ҶӽʱҲҶ죬ʱֻ޴۾µĹ˺գҶ챬
˵Դ󲻷ΪԼ߹壬ȻûдҶ΢΢һЦһȭͺǰ
û뵽ֻСϻе㱾£ƾҲðһ˿ȣ漴ɱǣӶԼľ޴βͣЯһɾ֮Ҷݺݵ
СϣҿСϰɣҶЦһ˫ݻֻأǰѹȥ
䣡
Ǿ޴βͱֻػУʱܵشƬ鿪ѪɣɫѪҺء

۵ŭ𣬵˫Ŀ֮еɱӳʢˡ
ϣò˵ŭˣҪ㣬㻯Ϊ㡣ŭţҶݺݵһȵףضȼ
ɱ
Ҷ첻֣ʩչ𵶵һ㣬Ǿ޴ƥ񵶣ЯһɿֲĻ֮ȵףնɱͷ
䣡
г˲ţӴ壬룬嶼ˣâûˡ
ۣ
ڲԶ壬Ѿܵش̲ס˿Ѫ
ҶУҲûСǳ˾η
𣿡ҶЦ
ô
ܼ򵥣㻻һطҶЦ
Ҫŭ
ģҶûȤҶҡͷѾ˽ȻͷܲڼҪʯ𵶵䣬ǽ̻ˡ
Ȼ⻰ܸ˵һһƴô죬ʱֻջһֵһࡣ
ãҴӦƨ
һ£ͻȻŭһתͳԶȥ
Ҷ쿴ĿɿڴһȻҲһ档
Ҷæ׷ȥǼֵǧƷʯܻŹ
վסҶһ׷һŭ
վ走ͷҲص
ҶʱɫƦ̫ɶˣȻ֪ˣ񣬴򲻹ҲˣȻˡ
ն㣡Ҷһһ
һβ͸նˣһ⣬֮ٶ˿
ңͷһ飬ͷ߳ҵĹâӴסˡ
һٶȾ͸ӿˡ
Ҷٶȸӿ죬֮ľ룬ڲϵ
ȻЩˣһ򣬼ӡ
Ҷ첻׷š
Ȼһ񼶱ģ
ֵܷˡ
ܡܣϿסǾͳ⣡

ͻȻһЦ洫
ţǿϢǰסˡ
ǰɡʱˣǰ󻢺ǣעĵùհ
ҿ㻹ӣҶŭȵ
Ȼȴֱӳ䣬Ͽ磬ҽȥ
ȴǰҪ⣬ǱҶץסҪãûΣա
ߣ
Ҷ״һ򿪡
ûС
ʱ˹ҶΧɫǲơ
콻Ϊ׵һȵ
˵ͽʲôҶЦйâһһɫ񵶣ɢſֲĵ⡣
˶Բǿߣ϶ǽţҲҴ⡣
λ۷徳磬ȻţСӣԼԱһֱӳҶһȭ񷣬Ȼȭ
ҿ㣡Ҷһն˹ȥʩչǻ𵶵һ㣬ҽϵӡУǿ
һΣҶû˿ʵϾⲻд裬滹λء
䣡
ϵӡĻ𵶵ӿ£ƥһֱ˺˵ȭƬգԷ嶼ˡ
ôܣ
ãǷ򼶵ţ
˶ʱ𾪵
硢ܣһϣΣûдﵽԲ磬֮һɱԶ壬
ҶһܵشȻôŹҶ졣
ȻҾһ·ɣҶ쿴˲֪ˣһʩչ𵶵㣬ԼǿĹ
ԷȻҪɱҲ֡
˵ɱˣܵõһʯϾЩţû׼ӵвʯ
ȭ
콣䣡

Բǿɱ
Ǿ޴ȭ֣ϵľ񽣣о֧ҵļʸһɺҪҶû
ȻҶϱǹɵ̫ˣǿֲ񵶣ƿգ˺Ѳ񷣬һնӡ
ԲľУһ˺ѣǵ壬飬˵ǰδеش
ɱ
Ҷ˫ɱ䣬û飬ɱȥһ˵ݻˡĻٵҲ鿪౦ʯҶһ
ܡǷţ
죬ͷܣ
Զǿ󣬾ͿôпһĻʱŵɫұ䣬תͷˡ
ܣҶЦһһˣ׷ȥ
ô˵ɱһһҵˣ֮ʵһǰˣ˷ٶȸӲˡ
һҶ׷˴ˣնɱ
ҶһԼջ񣬷ԲǿߣʯǧƷʯ
ԲǿӦòֹôңǿ϶ʯϳûдҶ찵뵽
ܹõôʯѾˡ
ͬʱҶҲ֣ѰɱԽõıࡣ


1159 ϵ
ǧƷʯټֵǧƷʯԲǿϵıѾ㹻ҹ𵶵ˡ
ԼջҶʱ¶Цݡ
û뵽Žûãջ
ҲϾܹ񣬶еľǿߣǱϵš
ЩſɲҶ죬ֻ˲ǧ꣬һ꣬ʮ꣬Ҷǳ
ңҲֻ棬Ҷǣնɱǡ
Ͼϵ̫ˣҶҪǸףЩŴ֮У޷նɱ
ò˵֮УȫǸҶһɱԽʽ
ҶҲϾ滹פ̫ţ˭֪ǻ᲻ᷭ
գҶ찵뵽ֻҪ鷳Ҳɱ޹ԼǾ͹ֲˡ
ܳɱˣҷܿ԰ɡ
Ҷ쿴Щһһλ۷Сһ϶̲סֵġ
ʱ˳ֵɡ
£Ҷ΢΢һЦǰǰ

ʵҶĲɱǿߵʱطҲڲϵطɱ¾
ܹΪǿߣĴ
Щ磬ɲֻΪѰұҪôžۼҪĥѡ
һɽϿգɱ졣
ãɱ
Ƿţߣ
ôôùɱǣϽ뿪˵ء

߰˸ǿߣŲԶǵѪɫӰ˹һһɫ䣬Ӵܿ
ɱϵһλţɱɱԽһλûзŹ󻹴ƽ֣Զ˽֪
Щǿ߽֮ǰ׼ЩԼвķţһЩǿķŵòǵ
˿̿ɱǰȻҪܡ
ЩһҲ̫ų˰ɣһսĵӶû𣿾ǻμսǻ߳Ƕҵ衣
ɱɱ죬ЦųȥһѪɫĳɨЩնƬ
Щǿߣֻˣȫɱˡ

һ֮У˸ʮλǿߵ
λš
ΪЩ˴òɿֱһλţԡѪսڴ˹֮С
Ȼһ̣һ˺ɫӵڷɳش
һӰӵڷɳ
ֳֳǹվһϣһǹͽλŸɱˡ
ŵõЩսһ
꣡
ʿ꣡
һǷţܣ

һʱӴܡ
ϵλ֪ķţɱʣµмλǷţ޷ȷ
û뵽꣬ѾȽڣҪȥ
վںϣɨһۣЦãǹĲ㣬ǹ
һǹ̳ɫӴǳʵʵһɢλ񼶱Ŀֲѹ
һǿæУԱ壬мǵ񶼱ˡ
Ԧźɱȥ޵Уһǹɱһ
ЩҲǳǿһˡ

ЩŴɱ䣬ЩǣҲʶĲпᣬ׷׵͵·ҲΣ˾ܡ
һɱ¾ȴ˺ܶࡣ
ڴڼ䣬Ҷɱǿߣлһġ
λţ͸ҶƷʯջ񣬰Ҷ˷ܵҪ
ֻԴԺҶԶԶ񣬶Էˡ
ͨ뻪ϵˣҶ֪ĴѾˡ
ɱλ֮Ѿ϶ΪţòϢѾˣ󲿷˶֪ĴڣȻǿ˾ܡ
Ϊﲻ˲ƣֻҪԷ׼ҶҲ׷϶Է
ϾҶڵΪֻλ۷徳磬ٶȱȲЩԲǿߡ
ԷҪӣ׾١
ңΪ飬Ҷ컹˷ΪϵνԶ˲֪˲
ֻһҶɱԽĴ㣬ȴˡ
Ϊ֪ϵ֮󣬿ܣ˵Ƕɱˡ
׬˼ƷʯԹ𵶵֮ҶҲȱʯˡ
ҶţѰλıʹС
һ˵񱻵ɱ󣬱ҲᱻԷá
λȴܱס磬˵ӳ˵׷٣˵ƴɵǸˡ
£λԽԼ֮УȴԵˣĴУϾҲԼһΪˮܹҵһˣǾٺòˡ
ǣǳжȥģһλĴУ˵ЩĵرǿɶǶġ
ڴڼ䣬Ҷ˲ĵرһЩװűĹ
ȻҲȱߣֻЩϳ֮󣬷׷ˡ
Ҷ֣ҷִĹˣϽһ죬Ҷʱյ˻Ϣһصꡣ
Ĺأ
Ҷʱ۾һ
ô춼ûҵû뵽ȴҵˣ徹Ȼûж̣ҶϣϾĹϵûкõֵز
Ӧòֹһ˷ˣ϶ˣţϵҵġ
Ҷܿͨˡ
ûѵͣ϶Լ޷Ĺأġ
ĹǱ˷ֵģűˣҪϵһᡣ
£Ҷһͨϵ壬һ߳ŻǸȥ
ܿ죬˱ͨƵͨˡ
Ҷ֣ʲôʱյϢģ𣿡һҶ죬æʵ˿һɽ֮УԵ÷ǳĽ
ôҸոյϢǸȥءģﲻǺܽʱӦþͿԵˡҶ˵
죿ǾͺãǾͺã˿
ô£ŵӡҶɻ
ܲ˵ɱʿҲ֪طڸأǾԶҪʱִܵЦ
ȻǻûʲôȥһҶЦ˵
ʲôʮˣ֮ǰҾͱ׷ɱˣҶˣȥҳȥ˵ˡЦ
ҶȻѹһôҪϢǱ׷ɱˣȥء
İɣϾ͸Ҷ˵һ漴ҵƵͨ쾧ǰ
һ·ϣҶҲ˲ǿߣЩǿ߶ϳ׷׶·һ
Ҷ찵ҡͷЩһﶼˡ
Ҫɱʱֺ˾ɱǺҶλһĺ


1160 Կ
ˣҶһô
һɽ֮УתתȥޱȵĽš
ʱˣҶԣӦõִŶԡ
ѵ;ʲô飿
ģҶʵǿ󣬾ͬǷţҲܹȻˣ֮в˶в
ҡҡͷ
䣡ͻȻһɿֲڸը죬ɽˣ廹ûŪʲô飬ͱ˻ˡ
ţһϵس
µͬ˵̵ĺˮһƬպƵֹ
循ŭӣɵóʯȴǿмҲɱÿһ춯أǳ¡
ţ
һ˳ֵĹʵһ㶼١
ɱ
ɱ
˿壬Ȼֹͣսɱ塣
ǲɣ循ŭѣʩչȭȥ˫ȭӶ֮䣬չֳ壬ֲ·Ҫĥһ
䣡
ײ졣
ȴǻ屻ɳȥҲܣһѪӿɵޱȡ

Ȼͨĳ֣Ҳ֪Ƿš
ʱ˾˴˶ؿŶԷ
λҪȥ𴦴ˡ²ˡɨһۣ˵
һ˶ʱ׼ȥһȴסҶŻλѣ˵õ˴бصĿԿףҺβ֣Կףƽֱ
ʲô۾ʱһ־ϲؿˡ
ɫһ䣬ŭһȴһס
Ż꣬㵱ҪôˣɱϾҪˣҪ֪Կף϶ɱġŭ
ǽŻķЦбصıҲܹʵʱָ˭ɱ˭
̫ˣɱܹԸģűɱɡŭ
ߣŻ÷ϻֱɱ˹ȥ
ԭɱˣûϵҶ־Ҫˣʱ䡣Ŀ˸һ£ʱˣŻֺɱ
ͬǷţԶһ˺ܿ¶˰ơ
ǵţɱŹǵġ˴һֱӽһɫĹŶ˳ȻͷҲصؾˡ
û취ֻܷԿףᱻɱ
Կף
ҵģ
ŻͻһɫĹţʱ˹ȥܵΪš
䣡˻๥ǰĽ˲飬ʱǷ·ɱ֮ƵģΧǸɫɱ
֣ұԿףȻһ봫бءһ߹һߴ
ߣԿҷֵģұܲŶԡŻŲŻأﶯģʱɲǰĽˡ
ڵģЦԽ
ڣŻЦһʵȻҪԿף㻹Զء
Զʱŭ
أʱһӲԶ
漴˿һλɫֳۣɫս꼫ٷգ֮䣬Ѿӽˡ
Ҷ֣ǴбصԿס־ϲæ
ϵŻ꿴Ҷòʱŵɫһ䣬תˣǸбصԿס
ҶһסɫĹâ
Ҷ֣Ҫ׷𣿡ָܵŻʵҶԿףû˿ԡ
ϾǿΪҶʵǿĶܹ࣬Ҷ봫бأѾˡ
ˣܹţһļ壬ǲҪ׵ΪҶҡҡͷ
Ѿ㹻ʯҪɱԽˣȻٵˡ
˵ͷҲ˼ǳຣʵڱϵǳຣҲֻѡ
߰ɣõõԿףȥбءҶ˵
˵ͷ˵бؾﲻʱ䣬Ҷ֣
£ǰ·Ҷ档
ҶλŸ棬ΰĶˣһ·ϺεͷųԼϢ
мſԶԶҶ죬ʱܵıӻҪ졣
ʵˬ忴Щܵķţаˬѣ̾
ͬʱҲзܣһҪʵΪš
ϧͷ̫ˣŬ꣬ûͻƣڽ֮ǰ޷ͻˡ
ˣ֣ǰô׷ɱҶͻȻʵ
ԿЦǰҲһԿףЩˣĻԿףбؾͶǵˡ
һԿףҶüͷһ塣
һǿбصԿףһǹرմбصԿףȱһɡ˵
ǰԿʮУҶĿһʵ
˵ͷ
ãǼӿٶȣŸ֮ǰȶԿף봫бءҶһӿٶȣȫǰ
ҲԼƵ˼ޣӿٶȣҶһ㶼ϾԲǿߣٶȷǳ졣

бڣʿΧһǿ߲ҽӽ˵ء
ڳǿ̫Ļǿ֮󣬾ˡ
ˣڴбڵʮλţҲź
򿪴бأһߺȵµĺҲŭ캳ء
ʮλеһ˳˵֣ԿҪѣԿֻǹرմбصģһԿײǿбصġ
𣿡
ˣ˿Ц
˵ͷڳмʶţѾȥˡ
ʮһλжԿ׵ģΪԿбأȴû뵽Կףʱֻܵڴбˡ
˸ϵ˵أҲֻĵصţǿֻҪ˵õһԿף϶ǻ˵صġ
ʵϣǲµĲҶ뻪壬һԿ׸
ҶͻҲû뵽еǰԿףȻǿбصԿס
ϵˡ
ϵ
ȷϵҼǵӣûб仯

֮Ⱥ֮һɧȴҶ뻪˸ˡ
ΧȺһҶ֣ʱɫһȫԶÿһ·
пǿߵƣ˾η
Ҷ󣬺ٻһѡ
ϵʿȻҲҶ죬˫Ŀ⣬ʱҫ۵ĹɨҶ졣
䣡Ҷ˫ⱬ䣬Ϊ쵶ն顣
˵񽻷֮䣬ҶѾ˴бصǰ
еʵǲǷţҪһǹСʢ͵һ𣬱㳯Ҷһǹ
𣡡
𣡡

ֻצҶ졣


1161 б
𵶵䣡
Ҷ˫һɣ˿أʹ𵶵㣬ȫһݺݵꡣ
ʱâ˷۶һ񵶣ɢ貵Ĺâһݺݵ
أ
һֱӱն顣
ȻҶɱҶ˿壬ž񵶣նɱĸɸɾ
Ѿ񵶣Ҳ֮鿪
һ֮˲ʤңңվ
Χ˶ɴ۾˷ܵؿ⾫ʵһĻ
㣿۾ضŶҶ죬жʱһ˿ɵЩŵ˵㾹Ȼֻû𵶵͵סҵǹĲ㡣
ߣҶһû˵ֱӷɵб֮ǰеɫ˳ȥ
ڶöԿףĿܿ챻Կȴʱе𾪡
ҲˣԾ
ǰҶչֳʵԴ˿̣ڣ˶ûг嶯
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ıֻʣҶˡ
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λŵı֮£ʮλŶʱԹԵӳеԿףһźɫĹâ
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綼ƺ˺ˣµ󣬱˿׷׳
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Կ׵Ŀһ춯ص֮бؿռ佥ȶ
ʱǰǾͨÿһ֪ͨһʾûУ·ֻܿǰ
ѡʿ굱̤źͨ
ռͨҶ춢ͨϸ۲һ£ƾĿռ䱾ԴܿͿͨ
ȻоʵǾžŹһÿһߵ󣬶ϵġҶЦһһͨ˽ȥ
λŽȥ֮Χǣʱ˿漴׷ѡͨ롣
ȻˣǱܿҶѡͨ
ϾΪǿ߽ͬһͨܵõʲô
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һδزܴﵽ硣尵ҧͨ
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Ҷѡĵ֮ͨͨ󣬶ʱǰһһ޴ĽǶϣΧǸߴ¥̨ڽǶġ
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ϻǳȵһɽϵУһ˸ɱȻ
ˣͷϻһɫǣ¶ǱɫۼװɢһļµĿϢ
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Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬һͷޣʵǳǿ󣬿±֮Ļһ㶼
ͷƼ飬λλ񵽵ǺηʥôôޣҶ찵ɻ
𣡡ڴʱͷƽݻѾҶɱſѪڣݣ˸˸˵ĺ⣬һɿֲ׺Ϣ
̫֮ƣҶһƺɱȥֲγһֻɫľƣƽݻ嶼ѹȥ
䣡ȻƽݻǳһӾͳ̫֮ơ
ֻܶû𵶵ˣҶ찵뵽ʼʩչ𵶵ڶ㣬Ͼɱͷʵǿޡ
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ƽݻˣͷǷ⣬Ǹ֮оȻһִ׵磬ҶС
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㡭ƽݻڲԶ壬˼صҶ죬г˾塣
ɣҶӶ񵶣ɱȥֱͷƽݻˡ
ƽݻϵЩУȴǱˣЩֻҪһ£Ͷ񵶡
ȻҶ쿴Щ񵶣Ժȴݴ½á
⣬ƽݻۼҲǴս׵ĺñǸǣǳӲͷų׵繥ɶǱ
Ҷ콫Լ֮еץ˳ʵң񣬵һλʲô񣿡
һλԦʦҶֿԶͷǿƽݻɱˣʱҳɣæ˵
ԭһλԦʦ
ҶʱȻѹֻôޣ½ޣ񼶱ޡ
ϾλԦʦλ񼶱ôޣ϶ȱλ񼶱ġ
ҶڵʵҲλ񼶱ǿߣֻҪλڣܹӦ
ңƼҶ죬ȫʹռ䷨ʱ䷨򣬷ûˣ±֡
취򣬳λ񼶱ǿߣҶ޾塣
£ҶֱӳͷƽݻǰĵطȥǸĺ棬һֱͨͨһ
棬Ҷ쿴˲񵤺Ҫġ
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棬һȻͨһط
ϣһصĽܹĶҶ찵뵽
ʵϣһصջҲǳȻòЩ񵤺ȥҲֵڵƷʯ
ңŵһأĽ϶ӵķ
һأѾס˲ˡ
Ҷʿ굥ǹƥɱȥˣ˻սϾعص޿ȷţһ˺Ѵùȥ
ЩţҲҪѲʱ䣬Ҫˣܴùȥ


1162 
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Ҷһط󣬶ʱɫΪ˵ؿյģʲôûС
ЩܣкܶñĵطȻ֮ǰ϶кܶ౦ȴûˡ
ѵһҶɻ漴ҡҡͷν磬ûбǿģ൱ѣһͬһͨ
пܵǣ˵رȹһΡ
ĪЩ񣿡Ҷ뵽濴صЩ񣬶ʱ뷨
ҲЩ֮вЩԲصȽһΣвɨƽ
ϾһλλģһһλԦʦ϶вλ񼶱ޡ
ֱڣҶ춼ûһλ񼶱ޣҲûȻǲ̫ġ
ԣҶ뵽Щ񣬿϶ȽɨƽһΣһԡȫĵطȻЩ
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漴Ժ棬ϸѰȴȻʲôûз֡
ᱻȡ˰ɣɱŲԶҶ죬׹һš
ܣǵõ˱ڴ˵ظʲôң֮󣬾һֱûõʲôҡҡͷԴӷҶ֮ڰעҶ죬ԷǳҶǷõ
ˣһΪʲôһֱɱһ˿ɻ漴Ҳϥ£ʼ
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ɱڡ
ȻѾﵽԲ磬ⲻĺڰ˴Բ磬Բܶء
ֻԲǿߣܽһ˴Բ硣
ڣֻ˵ﵽһԲľ硣
ԣǻܼδΪǵȵ֮ȴܹǵΪܸߡ
һԶ۾һУǰ׳գܿͷеİҲһطȥˡ
ҲǺڰ
ڰ֮йǿķԺӦĶǻԴ󲿷ǲڰġ
Ȼǻϵͽϵ򡢹򣬻ϵľϵˮϵڸ˺١
ǽϵҶûˣϾֻԺڰá
ܹΪĶǰ׳գڿɱҲ֮󣬴ҶʼȻǷеİ
ֻЩڰ˷ܣֻܲʵ̾ˡ
ҲЦʼЩڵѡϵˡ


1163 ü
ʮ꣡
ʮ֮ҶԸеԼĺڰѾﵽһޣƺҪԲˡ
಻ʮʱ䣬ұܽԲˡҶ찵˷ܵ
ֻҪԲ磬ôԺͿԽʱȫڻ𵶵棬ȫĲ㣬ڵ͵㡣
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ЩڰˣѾ뿪磬˷ʱ䡣
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䣡
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ֻԶѿһΰӰ߸ϵ֮ȫһƬ貵֮У¶˵ǰ
˻ǿӣһӣüëܳϵȴûͷһ˫ɫӣӳֻء
Ҷǳ𺳵ǣˣͷ·𿴵޾ĺڰ򳤺ӣгԽڰ
ֱ˼飡
ü
ôܣ
ɣѵ

һǣǿͻȻֵΰӰ֮󣬶ʱվ׷ɫ䡣
ҶȴǵһμüΧ˵ı飬Ȼһ˲õĴ֪
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λüѵ֮еķǿߣҶ𾪵
ΪһȻ֪ԼĲ࣬ǰ˵ȻѾﵽԲ磬Խնɱ
ɴ˿ɼ֮еķǿߣǿǷǳµĴڣԽλ׳ڵǿ߿⡣
ǣæҡͷЦϵλü֮еķǿߣ˵һλһλ۷ǿ߰
Щˣôֲ֪ϵȻ֪
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һǷսһֻ𼶵ĴսּĴսٳ֣ԪҲֹֻζѡڶֿܣսʼˡ˵գæϥ۾Ѫ
սҶһɵɨΧˣȻЩҲڿʼ۾Ѫˡ
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Ҷ֪λǿͶӰķʽ鲼ʲôطܿõ
Ƿ׵ĿֲҪɱ㣬ܵ򣬷ɡ
սҳü֣ϣܹһЩ츳СһǣҪʧ
ҪμսСһǣȥԵȡʮ֮ή٣ʱսʼ

УüĮ˵Ķ𣬴硣
ͬʱκεطຣϵȵȣееĵطȫֳüΰӰĻﴫ
ú󣬳üӰȥֱʧ
֮еѷ죬Ҳʧָá

ųüӰʧҶŻ˿ȻղųüûɢκεѹȴҲܵһѹ֡
ͺһֻϣƵġ
ΧҲһ˴˵ʵ̫ˣüѡ
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ĺڰ򻹺ŨڵΪҪ˶ãܹԲˡ
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ϧûʱ𵶵ˣҪܹɵĲĻ𵶵䣬ҾûնսһǰʮǿԵġ
Ҷ찵뵽һơ
ս̫ͻȻˣһ׼ûУԲ綼ûаա
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ҶԼ̻жԽǰһ
ǰһڣǿҰߣҶɨһۣʱЦѡ
ĿǰʮֻҪ̤Բ磬зʼʵڷʼе׵ģҲǷſԱġ
ʱ򣬳ǰʮδزܡ
Ȼһų̫ĻôǰʮͲˡ
ΪҶϿʮԪ֮ǰһս֮Уλ޵мţǧٸԪǿһս
λ޵мţʼţмʮš
ôֲսֱǰδУٷǷʼţҲֻܳѡ
ҪôֲսôҶֻܵùˣĺĶȥ
ȻֲֿսԪҲδػһΣԸҪġ
ף޳һڻϢˡҶͻȻ㿪һϢȻǽ޳ġ
ˣڽ֮ǰ޳͸һϢһڱػء
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һʲôʱյһˣҶȻЦ
Ҷ죬ǷһǿշĹҪһһ̽޳˵


1164 ǿշĹ
ǿշĹ
Ž޳ĻҶ첻ɵһ㶡
ģǿյʱһ˵Ϸһռѷ졣ռѷСһɽ֮УҪɽ䵽޷֡Һа֮ѾɳѪȥ̽һ飬ûһ£ǵľѪˣһϢ޷޳˵
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ҶԿЦûУڲŷ۷塣
ôܣ޳Եɴ۾˼ҵľ콣˵㣬ΪҲﵽԲ磬ʵȷ۷塣츳ôǿѻ𵶵㣬Ҳзʼʵɡ
Ϊλ۷徳硣ҶЦ
޳а֮Ӷʱû뵽ôȥҶΪȻûӡ
Щ꣬ڲ𵶵䣬ԵˡҶ漴͵
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ˣа֮ӣأڵʵôҶ漴ʵ
а֮˵Һһǻ𵶵䣬ǿ̤Ĵţҵ츳պŷʵ
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뵱꣬ǽҶţ޳ǵ׵ģڣȴѾ޳Խˡ
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磬ɽǵĴ󽫾ȻڵȺţҶæӭȥ
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Цһλȥһôܡ
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Ҷǰ۵Ǿ߾ѪѾһŵִ˰ɽصɽǡ
ȻҶص˶ص
̻ѾˡϹܼæ˵
֪ˣˡҶ˵ͷ漴صԼңȻ𵶵ĺͰħ㣬Ѿˡ
Ҷ쵱ʱԼ߾Ѫʵ۷״̬ӵб
Ѿ൱ڱˡ
ֻѪһʱƣǾֻάһʱ䡣
Ҳ㹻Ҷʹˡ
̫ˣҲ֪λʦƳġҶ첻ɵþ
ˣȸϽ뽣޳ǻϣһ߾Ѫȥɽȡμս漴Ҷȡ𵶵ĵĲ㣬ʼ
𵶵ĵĲȻֻһͼԵøˣҶʱҲֻǿס޷˽⡣
Ѿ㹻ˣУҶı壬Ҳͨ߾Ѫ˻𵶵ĵĲ㣬ʼ
Ҷ߾Ѫǰ뽣޳а֮ǻϡ


1165 Ĺ
ͨɽǵĴҶֱ˰ɽ񶼣Ϊ޳ֵĵطѾɽķΧˣпֻͣ񶼲ּǼʴ
Ҳ֪һôôԶ
Ҷ찵ҡͷ߽˴һâ֮Уʧ
ʵϣԴ뿪żڣѾȥǧˣЩݴ½ܹôԶҲǺ
ֻ̫𡢻ǣҲ뿪˰ɽڶ֪ء
ȻӴ󣬵ЩǼʴǵҲʱִܹء
ҶڣԽ߸ղ񶼣Ȼͨ񶼵Ĵֱ뿪͵һϵ֮С
ʱҶŽ޳λãһ·ߣȷһ֮Ըϵ
·;ȻԶдֻǶ໨ЩʯѡҶ찵˿µʱ·Ҫ꣬ʮꡣ
ý޳ڵĵطһӵд˵еܽҶٶȣֻҪһʱܸϵõ
ҪִһطдǾͲʱ䣬תһЩѡ
ǳӴЩطûдǾֻԼ˲ˣٶ˺ܶࡣ
ĳЩ˵һҵĹ··ãͨȻҲͷ㡣
ǣҲŬչϣ鲼κεطֻ̫ˣӴ
ҪǣЩû飬㽨˴ûά绹Ҫٻġ
Ҷ첼õЩÿһʱ䣬Ҫݴ½ȥάһ£ͻˡ
޳а֮ӣ
һ֮ҶڵִĿĵأֻǵǰ򣬾ȻûиӦ޳а֮ӵϢ
޳а֮ӼȻѾ֪ˣϢŶԡ
Ҷ죡ú󣬽޳а֮Ӷ˳
ֻҶ켴㿴ǣȴȻ޷ӦǵϢۿš
Ҷ죬ôֻ֣ҪûУϢͻᱻԶ˵㣬񼶱ǿˣҲ޷ǡ޳ƼҶеɻ󣬾Ҷ˼ˣϾһʱҲȲѡ
ȤҶĿһ
漴ϡ
ȻҶ췢ԼϢƺסˣȻ޷뿪Լ壬ѹ֮ǰӦ޳а֮ӡ
ǹŹ֣Ҷüͷһ˵
ǻɾǵռѷĹ޳ǰȥҶа֮Ӷȥ
Ȼûе飬ȴѾ˵ˮɭ֣һЩϸڳǻչ
һҶ˱һϿУǿһ˶ߵĿռѷ졣
ֵǣռ䶼ѷˣȴûһռ籩ŰԵ÷ǳƽ
Ҫǣһ˵ռˣ̾ͻᱻ޲
ռѷ죬ȴûб޲ս޳˵˵ضʮˣҲûռѷСһ㡣
Ҷ죬㿴ǲֹ޸ռѷ죿޳ʵ
Ҷ̽ʶ̽һ£ҡҡͷ˵ֹѷĶˣԲʹѷ޷޲

޳а֮ӽ𾪡
汾Դʹ͸㣬ɡ
ңٶȥĶ˶
񼶱ǿҲôֲ
һʱ䣬Ҷ˶Щ
ҿǱ뿪һ߾ѪͺãһʲôΣգҲв塣ҶƬ̣Խ޳а֮˵
㲻ҲǱ𣿡а֮ɻ
ǾѪҶҡͷ˵
ƭɣѪôǿа֮ӶҶ죬һš
һҶٺЦ
޳а֮Ӷʱˣļ۸Ȼǵ𵶵;콣㶼
ɱӻˣ
Σаֱ֮˵
ȻҲ֪ƽķʽ׬ôʯ
ֻɱӻܻôʯǻܵ׷ɱǸ
ɣҶٺһЦ漴˵
޳а֮ӶʱһĽȴû취ݣϾʵûҶôǿ󣬼磬Ҳնɱˣնɱпܡ
Ȼһжÿʵ
ûϵսǺúñ֣ʱͿԼһЩõصʯȻȱ١ҶЦ˵
Ȼʯȴû޳а֮ӣΪ֪˵ĸ߰ҲҪʯ
ңƾǵ츳ҲҪЩʯ
ǼЩȻʯ
ú󣬽޳а֮Ӹһ߾ѪȻ˫˫뿪˴˵أ׼Ȼذɽ׼һ¼ս
ҶѪһۣһͬɽǵռѷ档
Сĵ㣬ѷŹ֣޷Ϣݳ嶼޷ӦǵҲ֪ʲô޳˵
ô֪һǿշĹҶɻ
ƣǲĹ𣿡аָ֮ǰա
Ҷ˳ָȥȻһ鼸ɸߵľ޴ʯ޾֮УдŷĹ֡
ⲻǿӵ𣬾͹Ĺ֣Ҳ˭ķĹѹֽ޳ǿշĹ
ĹҶȷӦԼ߾Ѫ뱾ϵϾˣ֮ǰܸӦĴڣȴһСʧˡ
ͬʱԶеҶ챾壬Ȼ۾üȻ˱뾫ѪĸӦǿշĹǹŹ֣ϣܹеջ񡣡
Ҷ첻ɵðܹ뾫ѪĸӦѾԽһֶΣǾ߾ѪΣա
ʧһ߾ѪܳܵҶ۾𵶵ĵĲ㡣
ǿշĹǰ
Ҷϸ鿴ϵĹĹºۼ·ǳϣǸĹʲôʴģȻҲ޷ٻ
ˣⶫȻֶûУ϶ûʲôôǼǰȥа֮
޳˵ͷĹȷʲôֵ
ûֵȰȥԺ˵ҶȴֱӽĹս֮Уа֮Ӻͽ޳ĿɿڴΪǸû뵽
Ǻǣ߰ɣĿɿڴӣҶ첻ɵôЦһȳǰȥ
޳аֻ֮㶵ظȥ
ֻûע⵽ҶǿĹʱ֮ǰǵռѷ죬Ѿʧ𽥱޲ˡ
ԭĹףϧҶ˸ûз֡
ʱҶѾǰľˣǰ֮УƯһߴʬ壬飬ǵȱȫˡ
һȥǧʬ塣
һĹ


1166 ߼
ɽǡ
Ҷһ߾Ѫͻ塢޺ϷһȡֻҪǲμս񣬶ѻһ
ȻûõȻʹãμսӶȡʯǲܵġ
ȡʱҪʹãǲȥġ
Գһʱ䣬Գŵսˡ
Ҷ죬Уɽͨ񣬱ǣɽǡսʹڸҶǼϢ󷢸ҶһҶ쵱ʹá
һ֮ҶʱоԼ߾Ѫ˱ȫĸоһ𾪡
Ҷ֣һȥϵذɣҲû¡忴ҶǼϢʱ
޺ûҶҲ˵ͷսֻʣʱˣָȥϵء
ͨϵصĴ񶼣Ҷ뿪ɽǵĴֱǰǣȻǰ񶼡
ôˣ
񶼴㳡ʱ򣬶ʱɽ˺ˣͼȥ
𼱣ڶǰϵأҸطס˵
˵˵ͷĿǰ״ûһʱ䣬Ǹȥġ
Ͼɽμսˣʵ̫ˡ
㣬һһμӣ
һ뵽ôֲ֣Ҷһ̾
һ˵ܹսǰһǶǷǳˣܵĹע£
ҲǴ˵Ŀꡣ
еǣĦȭƣһ
գۼ񶼴㳡ڼ˺ܶ࣬Ҷǳ˼ϵء
νļϵأʵһλ׵磬սʱ׽ս˵ء
ʱ׵֮УһգеıĿеĻ̸ཻһȥߣ˭Ҳ֪жˡ
Ҷ졢һģҸط
һǻ̭йԼ𣿡ҶЦʵ
μս̫ˣһһԣԵһͨп̭
̭ջƣÿɱһˣܻһ֣ͬʱҲܻöԷһĻ֡
̭֮󣬰ոԵĻ֣ŶΡ
ֽǰһܽһء
岻˵ҪսʲôġԱ߼˵˵ͷ
Ŷս񼶱𣿡Ҷɻ
Ҷ֣Ҳö˽һսϢ˵ļսжļ𡣡ЦÿһսμӵŵӶжһΪм߼ĸ𡣡
ֻǳսǿ϶лǰһǧҶ϶ܹǰʮмս
˵Ҷ죬ǰһʸûС
Ǹ߼أҶʵ
ҪжΪ߼ôսóһλ޵мŲС
µǶսּսŵǣʼŶ繷޵мŶҪλ켶Ŷ֡˵
Ҷð
ЦǲҪģսʷҲͳֹһΣ߼սҲ࣬սֻǳġ
ҵսмģΪɽСطܵһλţǰ󡣶ңǰϵķҲö࣬ʵڲ޺
ɫصص˵ͷ˵²ֹ²⣬ʶһЩѣ²ģΪϵţһöࡣ
мսֻϣܹǰһǧǾͲˣ˵
̸۵ʱңԶһɫĹڣüλϣߵʮλףݳսʲô𣿡
һλͷ췢׳վЦϲüսǸ߼λ޵мţԪһսҲˡ
޵мţ
ü˫貵Ľ⣬漴Цŵͷܺãû뵽ּţȻλеĸ߼սУһŵҲߵǼˡ
λ޵мţǰսʧȫˡ
޵мţֻҪ䣬ԻΪ׵ġ
õĻһףǾ̫ˡ
ĿԴɣһٶԪֳһθ߼սˣֵʢʱˡ

һλλЦ˵ܸˡ
ΪΪսףʸѡһЩͽܣǱԼͽܷˡ
Ϣݸɣü˵
һ׵ʧ
֮յϢһ̳ϣȫˡ
ǲμսǣĸȫһƬȻ
һٶԪ߼սûзοһӳλ޵мţֱ
ҶҲ֪Ϣʱһ𺳡
찡ȻǸ߼ս³޵мţ⻹ò˻忴Ϣɵô
ֹΧһЩ̫ǣڷйŭ
ЩţҲɫ䣬š
ּսǷţҲѳǰʮ
Ҫ֪һּսôŵԺܶ࣬۷ķţʲôơ
ҵþ콫Բ磡Ҷ찵뵽Ҳܵһ˿ͬʱһս⡣
ǫ̂ͬ;Ѫڡ
޵мţҪҰȭ߲ܿⰡ»𣿾һҲ廹š
ҶҲǵһθܵĺ嫣ܵŵĿ¡
ʵ֣ҪΪ޵мţ񾳽罫𵶵ս߲С
Ҷڲ˵㣬ֲ붼ÿ¡
ϵӡҲҪ㣬ܿ޵мšҶ찵ļ£ȻˣҲ̫̫ܽˡ
ҶڽǳţΪֻҪﵽԲ磬ôǷʼţһж֣ǰʮ϶㹻ˡ
ԣҶһ֮󣬾ͻָˡ
ΧЩŭȴǲڶȻһŶϢǳˬ

磬Ҷı壬Ҳڵһʱ֪Ϣ͵۾
ҵȷ²𵶵Ĳ㣬콫ΪԲ硣Ҷҵ˵
£𵶵䣬ǽе˼˺ڰ棬ȫתħ


1167 
ǿշĹ
Ҷһ߾Ѫ֪淢һУͽ޳а֮˵ľѪڲ̽š
Ǳǰеһ߾ʬסˡ
һȥ߼ʣȫʬ壬̫ˡ
Щ񶼱ˣֻʣ²壬Ȼ֮Уɢſµɷ
Щʬ壬ɷǳֲǸ޷ӽ
֣ΪЩ綼û£޳ɻ
ˣȴ£Ҷ챾ڵѡ
Ҳʱ̫ˣԶ˰ɣϾֻҪ׵磬ǿߵ磬ҲֻܼһꡣҶ˵
޳а֮԰һһ̫꣬Ӵˡ
һԪҲһǧꡣ
ϧҪûлٵĻеĶǵˡа֮ź˵
ô飬Ȼţֻ֮һʯһʲƸ
Сĵ㣬Ǽȥǰ濴Ҷ˵
Ȼ޳а֮֮ǰľѪٵˣ˵Σա
٣ǱĿռ籩Щʬ壬ǿֲɷܻ
Сسǰ̽ȥأǿʬԽԽǿλ
λ
ʵ̫ˡ
⵽˭ɵģǷս𣿡
˶ľޱȡ
ڲӦòܷսŶԡ
󳬼ѹţҲܷӲִܷģս
ϾеˣǿɲϣԼս
ҪҲҪսͱսĲмֵ
찡ǿ쿴ڴʱ޳ͻȻ侲̬˿̶𺳡
Ҷа֮ӴʱҲˣ𾪡
ֻǰԶĿռ籩֮Уһ߸ߴΰӰɢɷѾγ˹Χεš
һλף
Ҷ˳ױסˡ
Ȼ׼ǿߵʬ塣
װˣҲ
Թ֮оͺΪЩ׶Ļ纣սҶû뵽Լ˾Ȼܹ￴һ׵ʬ塣
ϢҪǴȥҪ𶯡
ڣаָ֮ŲԶ˵˸żĹâ
һλ׵棬϶кܶ౦ĻԵ
ǰǾ߾Ѫ¾ˡҶ˵
޳а֮ӵ˵ͷĻԵǲܻ
ΧڣЩ񼶱ʵв񼶱ģǾѪʵԿ⡣
ҶڣҲֻλڵʵҪȥҲЩѶȡ
ϣǺܴġ
а𣿡޳תͷҶʵ
˵ʵ߾ѪûʹܳĽȥ
ֻҶˡ
ûаҲҪԿѵܷҶЦ
˵գһ󷨣ǰڡ
һڹ񿴵Щߣʱɱ˹г˳ҵѪ⣬ɱӿȡ
һЩǿǵʬûбٵͻᵮһЩаĹЩɳп̶ܵռǿߵʬ壬»ָʵ
ֻȫǸ֪ɱ¾Ĵڣһ֣Ȼи׷ɱԺܹ
ǹҲС
Ҫλǿߵʬ㹻ǿУΧЩʬ壬ûе
ЦëȻһȺҶɱ
޳а֮æ֣ҶҲʩչ𵶵䣬ҵɱȥ
ʱأΪΧѾ񼶱Ĺˣһ񼶱ĹҶ컹ܹӦ񼶱Ĺô˽Ҫˡ
á
޳ͻȻȵ
Զ񼶱ĹڳˣǴ˿̾ڻһ·̡
סȥǰ档ҶȵһǾ;޴Ĺ񣬳ҵĵâܵ񼶱񶼸ˡ
䣡
񼶱Ĺǳ£嶼ʵʻˣȻסҶһҲ˿ˡ
Ҷûٶȳڡ
ɱɱɱɱǷӿͬϣһͷ󶼸סˣҶ˼粽ˡ
ʱֻҶ췢𵶵䣬޷ǰˡ
Ҷŭȵɣϵӡ𵶵ںϣݺݵ񼶱
¡¡
ǿ̶ıըΧĹǸ俪һȱڡ
Ҷ˳ûٶȳڡ
˿Ҷǿʵڳ֮С
ֱʱǲźݺݵ˿¡
Ͳһ㣬Ǿˡ޳Щҵ˵
а֮ӵóʯָԼ
ҶҲһ߻ָһߴΧĻ絹ûʲôȴö࣬ɽһ
ʱǳһɽ嶥ˣԱ߾Ǿ޴Ŀռѷ죬ҲĽڡ
ģֻλˣųѷ졣
ˣҲܼȥˣҲּܹٸԪ
Ҳʹ
а֮ó̽һ£ȴǸûá
Ҫ֮ʹϲУϧѾˡҶ˵
ҲҪźŵģὫźű鲼򣬵ȴ޷磬ϽղС
ɽĴԸ⣬ʱϵɽڵźţðɽڵ޷½
ǰҶ֮УȻܵ½
֪û飡޳ʱа֮Ѿָ
ҶѾָɨΧһۣ˵ӦûУĻȥôã϶񾳽ˡһ񾳽磬Ǿ뿪磬ʱҲͿԳȥôñ˷˲Ŷԡ
޳а֮Ҳԡ
ȵɣ֮ǰһЩϣ˵һЩ磬ı֮ġ޳˵Ŀ˸˷ܡ
Ҷɻʲô֮ģʲôô
׵ϺٹעϾ̫ˣעҲûãԲ֮ġ
֮ľıԴͺ汾ԴһֻҪܹܹ֮ǿԡǵһν֮ӵ׼ǿߵԣȻʱ̣ܶ˵ҲһĻԵǽ콣սһˡ޳˵
Ҷа֮ԣʱϲ


1168 
׼ԣ
Ҷа֮ϲ
Ҫ֪ȻԲ׼ǿ߱ȴʮǧ
ӵ׼ԣôһʱ䣬Ǿû𵶵սһΡ
Ͼ׼ǿ߲𵶵䣬һλ𵶵ǿˡ
񼶱飬츳ٸߣǿҲȲһλס
׼ǿߣǾ֮лڡ
ΰĴڣ츳ͿԳԽġ
Ҫ֪ÿһ󾳽磬츳ͻһο־׼ǿߡ
Ҫҵ֮ģֻҪܹ֮Ҷ˵ʵҲܴﵽǷʼ
а֮ҵ˵
޳˵ͷǳԼ׵һЩϣ¾Ͳ֪֮ĵĴˡ
ҶҲ˷ܣĻ𵶵ܹͻƵĲ㣬ǵ㣬ôʵᱩǺܶ࣬սܹеһ
ϧҶ߾Ѫˣ֪սǸ߼ģ޵мŶ
Ȼô˴˿̶֮־ڱصá
ǳӴҪҵ֮ķǳѣͷҡҶ漴
޳а֮ӶԴ˶ûȻ˵زȴʹͨѶģʱϵ
£˷ͷжѰ֮ģһҾꡣ
ʱУսѾʼˡ
Ҷڵ棬ͻȻ˳üΰӰĿɨ񣬿˵Ҳ֪սǸ߼ģԣΪ˱۷Ź죬һˣ̭΢ıһ£ԭһսΪʮս
һƬȻȴϲΪض˶ǳá
ͨ˵սֵԽ࣬ҪԵǿ߱Խ٣ĻԽ
˵ҲǷǳõġ
뿴޵мŶҶͬһսз۷ʵʱ޵мţҲǱɡ
һһ۷ţǾͱ̭ˣ
Բ鷢ҪѡǿţȻЩڴ֮ǰΪö̭
ǲžΪս
⣬βμսһǧˣΪʮսÿսһˡǲ䣬ǰһڵģһء
üϵ
ʮս϶ὫЩ۷ŴңֱͶŵʮսǹö̭Ҷ찵뵽
˵ǳãϾĿǰֻз۷սһͬһսֻܶĻҳȥɱ˰
ΪʮսôĻʹˡ
Ҫ֪Ǹ߼սҲʮʼšҶٲڵսҲֻһλʼš
һʵȫˣԹɱ󣬳ǰһĻˡ
ˣսȻ֮нУŬɣҲ֪ԪĩڣԪһսˣμԪô֮еţͲ̤׾硣
ü˵գйâһһɫıŴ󼸺磬ȫ˽ȥ
ҶֻоԼȫһӡȫر˽ȥ
𣡡Ҷйâң
ǵǰ˵ߴÿһ򣬶һҲӦһŶԡ
ܹõǾ̫ˡ
һüּףһǻ֮о޵еģԳ֣û˿Ի
쿴ʼˣ
ڿʼˡ
Ԫһս
Ǹ߼սһҲֻܿһˣ̫ˡ
ҲҪս

Ҷ˽ȥսʼϢҲ
ʱĸ̳ϣųһŰ񵥣̭񵥡
ʱϵ֣涼ûлʾϾŸոտʼսûпʼ
ܿ죬һЩֱֺ㲻ϵر仯һЩ֣ϵǰ壬½
⿴񵥣ʲôֻԼҪע֣Ȼ鿴Ρ
ɽϵǣҶ졢塢˵֣Ȼ鿴ǵΡ
ɽһҶ죬һҪǰһΪɽ⡣
һɽ̳Ͻţˡ
һ쿪ʼ飬һϵ飬ڼв鿴

صҶǣмǣҲڹע
ҶôһֶûаһĶѾһٶˡŲҳҶɵɻ
ʱҶϢǣҶ죬ɽϵɽϵ㣬ٶ
ģڲŸտʼҶ»ûһˡľѩ侲˵
Ƕ򿪣һעһרŹעҶϢģ鿴̳иϢ
ңǻҪ鿴޳а֮ӡֻ̫ȵȣݴ½š

ڹעҶ죬ĸ߲㣬ǶһֱչصĵˣԶע
죬죬ҶϢʱʱҹעţ
Ϣ

һֱѹΪΪս

ϢʱʱעຣҲǻĸףҲڹע
ɽǳɽڹע

ҽţֻҪһųǰһϸҵϢȻʱʱעβԪһսҲϰٸԪǿһսս֮ᵮ֧۷ǿߣǧҴ⣬Ҫǰɽһ˲õţ©ˡ
ɽԵ쳹ʹ
һڳǶæͷ󺹣ˣʱϢ

սϰٸԪǿһս˵߲ܶ㶼עˣҲǻһЩͽܡǶϸŰ񵥣ҴβųǰһҪϻ㱨ҡ
β˵
һһۣȫڹעİ񵥣עԼºš
ЩԪ˵ǵΪˣıҫ
˭Ŷ࣬ɻһ֮ޡ
ңԼҪǵһ˲õǿߣԺΪԼĿɽսѣԼܴ
ԣһ죬ЩǣȫˣʱʱעİϢ
򣬳׷ˡ


1169 ɱ
ϵ磬Ҷı壬Ȼڼڰ
Ѿ֪Ǹ߼սʵһã˵Ҫ̭б̭Ǿԩˡ
ݴ½Ǿ߾Ѫڹע񵥣ͬʱһЩѽš
Ҷ죬һǧٶʮսأֻϢ
ŵսʮսҪֵһ̫ˣҶŬɡҶص
ףѾɱһˡҶʥϢ
ʦ𰡣ڱ׷ɱ̫ˣһҶ򲻹ġ
Ҷ죬ǿշĹҲ֪ôˣڵʵȫ̭ͨ޳˵
ұ׷ɱˡа֮ӷϢ
ҶһߴŸַϢһ߹ע񵥡

ʱĵһǧپʮһսУҶվһߴɽϣǰ޾Ĳãء
սЯսףԼֱֻս
һ㵹ǷǳƽĻЩһǿԺɨս
Ҷ쿴Լյ˫֣˸ųҵâ
ͬʱѸ˼š
ʮսǰһҲ˵Ҫڵǰսǰһǧпܰǰһ
һǧ
ҾͲսǿĻᳬһǧˣ
Ҷһ˲Ƴȥֿռǳ̣Ŀռ֮Ȼ޷ƿ
Ȼ˲ƣ
Ҷһ㶣漴һ·УȻҲС
˲ƺͷУˡ
ȴǲûб
Ҳԣ˲ƺͷеôܾͷˣһɱҶܿͬôĿġ
£߸Ծɽ壬Զ
ͬʱ߶ʶʼ鿴Χ
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ȻʶҲˣֱס˫۰Ҷ첻ƣ뵽˶һģҲƽ˺ܶࡣ
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һжҪʵһ
սϣһǶԣΪ̭ɱǱ̭
ҪһأֻܳԣǸֻ˷ʱ䣬ûһô
ԣʮսϣ˶ԣʼѰԼ
ţһŮ񣡡
ȻҶƼǰԶһСӱߣһŮϥҶ췢ʱҲ۾Ҷ졣

Ů񿴵Ҷ죬ʱгһ˿ϲɫҶ
ǺǣͲ֪˭ҶЦӭȥڶȼһɽɫ棬۳һ޴ĳ
콣䣡ŮҲ۳һ񽣣һҶһɱ
콣ڶ㣬Բ硣
һ˲䣬Ҷ֪Ůʵ¶м֮ɫ
ҪִݻˡҶʩչ𵶵㣬ûһ˿ȫ֣һǰŮƬ
ҶܹԷǰ˫ĵĿ⡣
̭ǿΪ߾Ҫ̭ŮʧĵطҶ΢΢һЦ漴鿴һԼϢԼѾһ֡
ֻҪɱһ֣ܻһ֣ϵĻ֣ôɱԷܻöԷһĻ֡
Ҳ˵Խ󣬻ûֵԽӴ
ʱɱˣܻ֡
Ȼֵܹˣǿߣѱɱ
䡭ͻȻԶһը
ҶתͷȥǳһĨ˷ܵЦݣˡ
˵գҶ쳯Դȥ
ս޴ڡ
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ÿʱỵ̈䣬̭
ԭһǧڵ񣬴˿ڼټ٣а棬һŵĻ֣Ѹӡ
ǰķǳֲѾһˣҲ˵Ѿɱһˡ
ĵģȴٸ֣̫ˡ
û˻֣Ϊǰˣε޵мţּţߵǺɨ˭˭͵ù
˺սҲɱǣʵ̫ˡ
ʱһһţսɱ¾ȴԽˡ
򣬸ڹעϵİ񵥱仯
ۣҶʮˡҶǣʱʱڹעϢ仯ÿһ֣Ƕ˷ܵĻһ¡
ϧҶȻܵͣڻûмǰһ׻˵
ĺˣŸտʼãսôҶĵ٣ԻҲˡ˵
Ҹղ̳һ£ѾųϢÿһʱ䣬սͻСٷ֮һʱļʱöˡľѩ˵
Ͼÿսôһʼ࣬Ҷõ֣ôˣȻ٣Ȼʹստ
ɲϣ˷ʱ䣬ֻСսӶʹļӡ
ԣʮսϵɱ¾ԽԽˡ
һǵĻ֣Ҳڷٱ
ȻǵֺڵˣɾˣΪѾ̭ˡ
ˣ̵ֺˣ̭ˡͻȻ˵
ŮȥѾ̭ˣһֻɱˣǶ
ʱҶݴ½ǸѪҲյ̲ʵϢ
ʦ𰡣ͽ˼ҶˡƵͨп޵
ˣˣɵϾʱ̫٣Ҳλ۷徳磬ܹɱѾܲˣԺúŬȸϽ񾳽磬ʱ𵶵䡣Ҷ찲ο
ݴ½츳ǷǾͲ̫Զˣʱ̫ˣȲϱ˼꣬ʮꡣ
Ҫ֪ҶǣҲ̫ԶˣϾʱ̫ˡ
ҪǸ̼ʮʱ䣬ǳΪžǿԵģΪʼš
򷢵֮ҶֹעһԼĶҶʥԼһӣӵ̫ʥ壬츳˶١
ҶʥĲǻ𵶵䣬ȭΪӵ̫ʥ壬һȭһһЩͬ㣬ӶʹҶʥȭʱܿ졣
ڣҶʥΪѾﵽԲ磬ȭҲ˵㣬ǿﵽڣȽ޳ҪǿһЩ
޳ĽȻûʮǿʣԲűҶʥһЩ
ҶãԺ޳ᳬԽҶʥģҶʥԺ󻹻ʲô
ݴ½ļŵУҲҶʥ޳ֻ̫𡢻ׯǼˣ۷ս˵㡣
ʣµģϷ硢ǣǺа֮һǿţһЩĻǵʵҶʥ١
ֵһǣȥô꣬Ҷĺ֮У˼񾳽ţҲμսʵ̻Ҫͱ̭ˣҲֻǽȥѡ
ʱţʮսҲڼ١


1170 Դ
Ҳİ
һƬ̵ƽԭϣŭش
Ķ棬һ߸Ծǿ۳һɽѹ¡
޷ֵ˶ѹ˵صףΪǷţһǷ۷塣
ֻǷǿսʮʽڶʽ൱ڻ𵶵ĵڶ㡣
ӵʮǿʣǳţսȶԷ̫ԶˣԷѾ˵ĲսҶҪˡ
ҶڣҲֻǷ۷ѡ
ʵ޴ʵشȴûκô
ܵԼڱֻǾѪ޷һô͵ڱ̭ˡ
ǸҼʮֻ꣬Ҫʱ䣬Ҳа̤ʼг˲ʡ
Ϊݴ½֮һӵĶȴ̭޷̫ͨǿˡ
츳ȻڶʽĿʮʽӵʽЩ⣬ϧս̫ˡ
ǰЦһƵ
Ϊ۷ţսϣܹɱ˲࣬ûʲôΣգصɱ
㵹ù
ʽ
ͻȻҵ⣬˶Ϊһ޴ĸͷǰݺݵȥ
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𵶵䡢ʮʽͬսɽӡ
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޳ȻԶһʱȴ㲻˺ܾãᱻɱġ
Ҳ˰Ϸ緢ƵϢ
ЦЦӣϷҲʧˣ֪ϷҲΣͻƵ˷ϧɱǷʼš
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ϷҪ֪룬Ϲһ١
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̬Цҡҡͷݴ½ŵУҲҶ졢ֻ̫ׯܼ̭ͨĻ
ֻֻأȭƣֻսʱܿ졣
ңֻ̫ׯżʱ򣬱ѾﵽԲ磬֮ǧ£ǿɶǰʱ仨ڲս棬սΪܸߡ
Ǽ˶Ѿ˵ĲսҶ컹Ҫ
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ֵһǣҶĶҶʥȻš
û뵽һСԽˡЦҡҡͷ

ͬʱǿշĹУ޳ҵ֮ģæ֪ͨҶа֮˹
Ȼڻɽ֮УҶ֮Щȵؿǰ
ǰĲԶһǳ޴Ļɽƣ緢ˣȾգܵĿױյøɸɾ״̬
ԶԶȥ·һ¯ǳ𺳡
ǱԴ𣬾һ㣬Ҳᱻֻλǿһа֮üͷ
ⶫעԵ̤λ񾳽ʱܵõˡ޳źҡҡͷ
Ҫ֪ϣõ֮ģǵʵܹڶʱڱŻл̭ͨ
ֻҪ̭ͨ޷ԽӶ̻ˣҪˣֱӽġ
Ͼ̭ͨǰһڵţκһ£
ԲںţǱȴᵱɱ
ûһ취𣿡ҶҲüͷһɽǰȴ޷ȡأʵ̫ˡ
Ҫǣ֮ҲڶҪս֮ⶫôͲˡ
ϾⶫҲֻһεսȻԽʡһʱ䣬ǵ츳˵ںʱ䡣
ڼڰսڣǲŲôҪõ֮ء
ûа취Ǳǰ˲ͻҲֲ˶ã޷ִڲ֮޳ҡҡͷ
ǱԴǻϵıԴһҲûаѻϵ˴Բ硣
ԣֻλ񣬲ǿ֧һҪΣҪԲʵ
֪ܼܲסҶʵ
ǵһЩǿУôӵУǾѪûа֮ӿЦ
أҶȻƣĳһ޴ʯ̡Ĺ֡
޳а֮Ӷʱ۾һ֮ǰ濴ǿĹҶˡ
ĹĲʷǳ⣬ȫһҲҲ˵һԡ
Ҷտտ˵
޷ɹԴôֻˣ˶ǾѪ϶յģֻһЩʯ
ԣҶܿ뵽鱻Ĺ


1171 
ʮսɱ¾ϡ
ʱȥˣÿһսĴضС˺ܶ࣬ʹñͺܿտսٴɱ¾ٴʢС
һɽϣҶϥ鿴ԼϢ
Ҷ죡
ɽ۹
֣132068
ǰս936
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Ҷÿ춼ûϢѰҵ˵ӰȻնɱ
ӷǳҲǶ񣬲ܹ
ڴڼ䣬ҶҲٶ֣ܶ۷ţʵǳǿҶԻǣȴ޷նɱ
ʮ۷Ŵս֮ҶҲսȥˡ
ϵ
ҶţΪϰӵɫ۳֮ҲɫģԾͱ˳Ϊϵ
ս϶һʶֻҪʼţϵǵһˡ
˭ϵһܡ
ҲʹҶûֵٶԽԽˣһЩȻĶ֣ܻǿԵġ
ڳǰһˣɿˡ
Ǳסǰһλãû֡Ҷ찵뵽ҲҴ⣬Ͼսʱᷢ仯ܶ۷ţھս֮󣬶лͻƣ̤ʼ
ʱܾܿҪǰһ
ԣΪ˱һ㣬Ҷ컹Ҫԡ


Ҷǰһʱǣȫ˷ܵĻ
ĵһڸҲ
ɽǣһƬڡ
Ϊڣ塢ȵȣЩɽǵķǣȫ̭ˡ
ҶǵһǰһţɽϵĽ
ɽ̳ΪҶ

ۣǰɽ۹һŽǰһˡһ󳼹ضŰɽ˵
ɽ۶ʱЦݣ˵Сһʲô֣
ۣҶ죬԰µɽǡ˵գҶϢðɽ۲鿴
ܹǰһҲǷ۷ţܹھͳǰһģпһλʼš
ɽۼ˵ڻֻǹּţôֻǹҰɽ۹ˣΪо´гǰһţҲΪо
ǣ

ʦǰһˣʦ˼̴Ц
Ǹ̬Ϸȱ̭ݴ½ţǰҡͷ
ɱݴ½ţ϶̭ˣʣ¼ˡ
УҶǰһֻ̫ׯ˶ǰһǧǰһҲԶˡ
оǶĽ޳а֮ӣΪһֱţûΣա
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ֻ̫ׯˣǵĻֶǳߣһڼǿǰһò˹ע
ڽ޳а֮ӣû̫ע⡣

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ֻҪܹֻͼΧӣǶ˵ҲõĽ޳˵
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͡
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׼
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׼
Щ֣Ȼûڡ޳ΪǿߣȻҶа֮˲ͷ׼û顣
׶ˣ϶Ҳٵˣ޸ᵮġҶ˵Ϊ󷨸֣˽⡣
ϧǽ޳áа֮̾漴Ľؿ޳
ң޳һ㶡
ҶЦ֮УֻýģȻ㡣
лˣ޳͸мؿһҶа֮ӡ
˷ֵģӦƽ֣Ҷа֮ȴø˽޳ô
׼Ҫ֪»
ֵ֮ߣֱ
ҲҶа֮ټǺͽ޳Ĺϵ򻻳ɱˣ϶õġ
סˣﵽλ񾳽磬б½ʱȵһξѪԺ飬ԶΪˡҶ˵
Ҳôշģҿû飬ĻΣˣ˵շˡ
ֻûеʱþѪ飬ŻԶ
ţ֪ˡ޳˵ͷˡ


1172 
90278966
ҶһƬïܵɭ֮УһѰһһ߲鿴ԼϢ
ֹȥֻ̭꣬ʣʱˡ
Ѿȫа̭ͨˣ귢ʲô仯Ҳᱻ˼ǰһˡ
ңڣֻ̫ׯˣҲ׷׳ǰһɽһƬڡ
ɽһЩǳȣΪɽСطǵһγôǿţһЩϵˡ
ڣϵǰһһˣҶ졢ֻ̫ׯˣɽϵġ
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ɴ˿ɼɽϵжôעĿ
Ϊ飬ɽǵĳѾɽԳˣʹ˺ܶ౦
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оݣԺֻҪڰɽ֮ڣǾͲҪ֧κηˡ
ңڰɽ֮ڣд͵ʱ򣬸ҪŶӣȽд͡
ңоݣҶҪɽľӣһ
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ˣȵͻԲ磬ʱͿԺɨսˡ

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һУҶ˶ʱоԼȫ¶ů·ĸ׵Ļ֮У궼ڲϵؽ

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һʱҲ㹻ˣ׼ԣҵľ콣Կ̤Ĳ㣬ǵ㡣޳˷ܵ˵
˵ˣھҪչأа֮ӿʼ𵶵ˡ
Ҷͽ޳Ҳ˷ʱ䣬̿ʼ𵶵䡣
ҶϥĹϣ𵶵ĵĲ㡣
ÿٶȣڵ궼λˣʮ֮ڣܴﵽ׼𡣡Լ仯Ҷг˼
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˵֮ǰҶ𵶵䣬ͷ·һɴڵĻǾǸһ㲣ɼ
Ĳԭô򵥣
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ͬʱ޳Ҳ˵Ĳľ콣䣬а֮ӵĻ𵶵ҲҪɵĲˡ
˵ĽٶȣҪǱ֪ڡ
Ϊ֮ĵİ˿ûֻԵϾֻŻʸ֮ĻĸԸԼ֮
ºҶ𵶵ĵˣ޳а֮Ҳһ
ʱҶǸоԼѾ˻ˣ˻ٶȺ
ʮºǵ׾˻صλ񾳽磬ʱҶѾ𵶵Ҫˡ
ʱ˻ٶԽԽˡ
λ񡭡λ񡭡λ񡭡
Ҷ˵껺˻
㣡
һҶ˫ⱬ
Ҷг˷ܡ
ڽ𵶵ĵˣȻʱѾ˻ԭĵزˡ
ף֮ľȻСô࣡ҶͻȻ֮С˺ֻܶ࣬ԭȵʮ֮һСˡ
Ҷ죡
Ҷ죡
ʱ򣬽޳а֮˫˫۾˵ж˼˷ܡ
ô𣿡ҶЦʵ
㣬ҲǷʼˡ޳Цӷһӱǵ˷ʼôܲ
ٺ٣Ƿʼ۷塣а֮ӵЦı飬Ҷһǵһοа֮ӡ
ʮǿʣͱǿһЩ޳ͬǵ㣬Ҷа֮ӾͲԶˡ
ҲֻڳԽѣڽ츳̫ߣԺᳬԽҵġа֮ӿЦ
ߣ޳һ÷
ԥ֮ĵİа֮׷˽޳ǽ޳ԼģԺ϶һ˦а֮ӵġ
ҶЦ˵׼뿪֮ȻСˣǻвƻǼһ㡣
ˣǵȲˣٲȥ̭Ҫˣ̫Զˡ޳
Ҷ죬뿪ɽȻٽɡа֮Ҳ˵ǿǼųȥȻ̭ͨ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷȻ޳а֮ӾˣȻȰ˵ϾҲý޳ڳȥ
£ҶĹ޳а֮˳ȥȻҶ»ص֮У
Ȼû׼֮꣬ȴҲǽܿ졣
ֻԵҶȻŹҲżʵ̭ͨǺɵġ
һʱ䣬޳а֮ĳڴȻ˫˫ɱ˳ȥ
ȻȻֻǾѪûʹڱϾǷʼţʵȽ֮ǰҶ춼Ҫǿࡣ
ʱ֣ɵؾɱ˳ȥ
ú˱뿪ǿշĹ
뿪ǿշĹһ˲䣬޳а֮ӵı壬ȫһ˲ͺԼľѪԼľ硣
㣡ʮսĳս޳ɽ֮УʱʱܵԼʵϱǣﵽһֲĲΡ
һսУа֮Ҳͬ󶼳˳ȥʼԡ
û뵽ﻹһԶһſ޳ʱɱ˹
޳ɨ˶ԷһۣǶʱһĨЦݡ
ৣ
һţˡ
ʼǷʼŵıʱ¡
ͬʱ޳а֮ӵĻ֣ѸΣҲڷţһЩעǵˣȫ


1173 
ɽ̳Ҷ졢ֻ̫ׯ˳ǰһɽϵ飬ڹעĸˡ
ȻһЩˣڹע޳а֮ˣϾڳҶ֮⣬ɽţҲֻʣ½޳а֮ӻˡ
һȻڼҪˡ
ϻʮսֻʣһǧˣһﶼڰ˰ں棬Ҳ֪ôģʵɱûá
ֻ̭ʣʱˣҲ㲻˶ˡ
ҹҲֻȻɽϾɽ˶ʶˡ
ͷΪ˳ʲô鶼ó
ĲŰ
̳ϣһԲϵˢš
ҶǣҲŽ޳а֮Ӳµ
һﵽôΪʲôһֱţɻʶ޳а֮ӣ֪ˣΪ
Ҷ粻˵ǵľѪ̽һҪطҲõʵǲһֱľѩ˵
̭ʣʱˣǾһЩʵҲˡҡҡͷԽ޳а֮ûбʲô롣
ϧ̭ûƵֱ޷ԹۿҲ֪Ҷôˡ˵
Ǻǣô˵Ĵսôֱ̭һһı֮У϶ƨֱġľѩЦ
ףǿ쿴޳ͻȻһٶˣۣٶȺÿ죬ֱˡͻȻ׻Ļ
ľѩŮæ˹ȥʱֽ޳ڲϵĻ֣Ҳڱǣٶȷǳֲ
̫ˣѾ߰ˣСʱͿԽһڵľѩŮʱˡ
ǿ쿴а֮ӵҲȽ޳ǵĻҪ죡һԵ˵
ϣ޳а֮ӵϵˢţѸٵϳ塣
ΪԺ˷֣Ϸ硢ս޼Щݴ½ǣȴǵһʱ䷢ˡ
ʱǷǳ𾪣ɵ봫Ѷ޳а֮ӡ
ǵſɣа֮ӱʱɽҪҶڣа֮˷ܵػţһôſʵǰñѹ̫ˡ
ݴ½ĶţȴҪս֮Уǹɱֱ衣
ʵˣȻҪú÷йһ¡
׼Ϸɣ̭Ѳסҡ޳Ҳŵ
ˣ˿Ѿɨսûһ֡ȫɱˣ޷ߡ
ŷʼʵڸԵսֱ޵еġ
а֮ӣǷ۷壬޵С
˵ɱ֮£ֺѸٱʱ䣬ˣǰһɽˡ
һ֮ǰý޳˵ǣȫˡ
Ҫǣ޳а֮ӵȻڼٶȺܿ죬ϾҪ׷Ҷˡ
ۣϢϢǰɽλųǰһˡһԻ͵Ĵ֮Уһ˷ܵض԰ɽ˵
ŶģɽЦ˵ҲûʲôȣϾֻǳǰһֵעġ
ۻǵɽϵ𣿡λЦ
ɽϵɽ˼һתϾ뵽Сϵɵ۾һ˵СϵһǵãСطȻĸһţһЩϵǿˡ
ۣγǰһˣ㶼ɽϵλæЦ
ɽҾϲ죬оٸɽǵĳһЩʹ͡ɽ˵
ۣȱ𼱣µŷǳ֮֡ǰѾ͵˰֮ˣһֱսУûб䶯ֱǰǲͻȻһ֮ڣȻͳǰһλ󳼼˵
ʲôȻܹôΡɽһȵ
˵ʱ䣬һѾǰǧˡλٴ˵
ôܣ죬Ϣҵɽ𾪵˵
æа֮Ӻͽ޳Ϣڻλϵİɽۣ˲Ϳа֮Ӻͽ޳ڲΣٶȲûмһǳ졣
ɽڣеǿߣȫˡ
ٶȣ̤˷ʼǾȻǷʼţ֮ǰأһٱɽ˵
ǰҲйƵӳֻ֣û뵽γֵˣȻɽǸСϵ
ɽԽԽˡɽЦҼעǣҵҪˣܹ嵽ʲôز
ǣۣæͷʼţǾֵصע
Ҫ֪սУʼţɶܹǰʮġһսǸ߼ģкܶʼţҲܳǰһ
ǰһǰһȣɵҲ֪˭Ҫ

һﻹǷ񰡣ɽҪ˰ɣһٲԣҶЦſϢ
Ϣ֮Уа֮Ӻͽ޳Ŀֲٶȣ̤˷ʼߡ
˵ľѪҵľѪǿ󣬶һʹǶܹôʵҿ»ĸࡣҶ찵뵽ԭ
ΪսǱģǿշĹһԼҶıѾ֪ԼǿշĹеˣȴ޷սľѪ֪
ҶսѪܹһЩġ

ҳ
ɱҵģ

һƬãĴϣа֮һߴţһĴѰ˵Ӱ
ηͷųԼϢҪΧ˷Ȼɱ
һ򾡡
ţ
̫ˡ

һЩţʱа֮ӵԼͬسɱ
Ƿ۷ʵǶԼģʼţǾ򲻹Ҳߡ
Ψһһʼţʶȴа֮ӡ
ʮ۷壿а֮ӿΧԼһӰ΢΢𣬸һĨЦݡ
Сӣ㻹ţȻУɱ㣬Բ㡣һ۷Цɱа֮ӡ
а֮Ӳмغߵ
˵ʲôŶʱŭ
˵Ƿа֮Ӹ߸𳤵һɨǳҵĵâЯһƥܣ˲佫ն롣
ֲһĻòԶʮţȫ𾪵ͣסŲ
ʼ
սȻʼ
ѹôſ񣡡
ܣ
ʮ۷ȫתȥ
ӵ𣿡а֮Цôľ룬Щߡ
ɱа֮ӳɱȥǿµٶȣЩǾˡ
䡭
һһʮһţûãͱа֮Ӹɱˡ
һţҲа֮Ӹ׷ˡ
ɱңҿԸиǿߡæѾǰһʱȥʧһĻ֣ôܾܿͻǰһˡ


1174 
иǿߣ
а֮ӿǰѾŵðķţʱǳһĨЦݡ
мʮͬˣսһͬˣʵȫԺɨǣǰһ򡣡æ˵
а֮ЦҡҡͷֻҪܹ̭ͨǰһ飬ûҪһʱ
ķŶʱɫһ䡣
ֻ̭ݶֲа֮ӸںڵһأҪˢµġ
ȭţ֪а֮ӲŹԼ֮󣬶ʱȼ߾ѪΪǿһݺݵغа֮ӡ
ɱңҲù
۾˻
а֮¶м֮ɫһͽ˸ˡ
һ̣а֮ӵٶȱࡣ
ʱѾǰʮˡ
ˣ̭̫ߣֻر¶ʵʱɡа֮ӿԼϢһطĵصȴ̭
ôߵɱһˣҲ̭ͨˡ

һʱ䣬գ۹ȥˡ
޳а֮Ӷǰʮɽɽ
ɽĴȫǷϢ̻ӶˣֻҪӦܹ̾ΪЩһԱ
Ľ޳а֮ˣȫûлϢΪǵĿ궼

ϵ֮Уһ껺վ뿪˴˵ء
⣬ɽǵĴ󽫾ȻʱЦӭȥ
Ҷ죬ôˣ󽫾Ц˵֮ǰӿˡ
ϾҶڵѾǰǧˣѾǳˡ
ҪˣѾﵽԲˡҶҡҡͷЦ
Բ󽫾üͷһ֪ǰҶֻλ۷壬ʱѾ˷۷ʵڡ˷ʼʵˡ
գ󽫾һҶǰɽǣһߵ¼鿴ҶϢ
ȻҶĻѸٱҲĺܿ죬Ѿɽ̳ķˡ
ɽҪһ˲õˡ󽫾ʱЦˡ
Ҫ֪Ϊ޳а֮˵ıɽǵĳѾɽΪǵĳˣҲȥˣǿǱɽǵĴ󽫾ǿˡ
ˣǳлЩš

ʮս
ڲԭϵҶ죬ͻȻһǿϢΧĴضùˡ
ʼ
Ҷбҵâ
ΪﵽԲ磬ʵٴһ㣬ﵽ˷ʼ
ûа֮ķ۷壬ҲǷʳڣڣӽڵӡ
㹻ɨսˡҶǴһ˿Цݣתһȥ
һɽҶ֮ǰܵ׷ɱΪۼһٶˣжʮ۷ţʣµҲǷš
Ҫ֪ھ̭Ѿֻʣʱˣܹŵģ϶̭ͨˡ
ԣʱǵĿģΪ˱סҪٳȥԡ
ԣһЩ־ͬϵˣ㿪ʼˣһС壬һһЩǿţҲ¡
֮ǰҶ죬Ѿڷ޵ˣһٶˣҲòܣ㱻նɱˡ
ڸˣ˳һ
ҶЦųĿĵطɱȥ
һҶһɽϣӦһٶǿϢ
ǳǿǲмϢôҡڵ̸Цȴ̭
ףϵ
ϵϴαɱˣȻ
һϣαˣҲš
һٶŶʱ˹ҶΧȻЦɱ
ҶǴһ˿΢Ц߸߾еɫ˶һɳҵĽԣǰɫɨȥһٱ
𵶵䣡
Ҷһ
ͬǵĻ𵶵䣬ϵӡ֮ȵĲ㡣
ңҶԲ磬ٴһΡ
ﵽ˵㣬ȷʼš

⡭ܣ

ҶһɨȥȳɱʮţȻ˲ɱˡ
һĻΧķŶʱ
ʼ
ͻˡ
־ֿ֡
սͻƵȻ٣ҲûУ֮ǰϷǣҲ֮ǰͻƵ
ֻû뵽ҶͻƣҪ֪֮ǰҶ죬ѾԺɨˡ
һӿʼʱܹɨս
ܣ
ֻʣһֱ֣ɢӡ
ϾǶܹ̭ͨȻ뱻Ҷնɱڴˡ
ɱҶȻŹǣһ׷ɱȥ֮䣬㽫ɱ
̫ˣԽɱ
Ҷһ·׷ɱȥɱʮˣ壬ʷ
һսս
˶֪ϵͻƵʼˣԶԶߣͬħһ
Ҷھһɱ֮Ҳͬһ㣬ǰһ
ɽٴηڣɽۣҲѵùעһ¡
֮ʱ䣬Ҷͽ޳а֮һǰʮ
Ҳˣͽ޳а֮Ѿɽ۲ΪӾ

һ죬гһ߾޴ΰӰϤݣʮսˣϳˡ
ǳü
̭˽
üϵʮս
ʱһţȫˣЦݡ
̭ʣʮˣǸԲ鿴Լǰһڿˣȫɱ˳ɡüٴο˵
ɵĿ£ûһ˸ҲΪ֪Լ޷ڳüƤˣ
ʱЩһڿˣȫɥɱ˳ս
һǧˣȻɱֻʣʮڣҶüĻɵһ࣬ʮ̭ɱ¾ɱʵ̫ˡ
ôҶǾѪĻҪԪˡ
֮һЩ˵ɱʮսʱտֻ࣬ʣ²ǧˡ
Ȼ˱㿴ü˻֣һǧͻȻٶ¡
ЩȻ֮ǰɱˣǵĻ֣ȴȻǰһ֮ڡ
ҪãǿĶ֣Բűɱˡ
˵ֱǰһǿţȴһλ޵мţӶնɱˡ
Ļַǳߣʧһ룬Ȼǰһ֮ڡ
ˣڿʼڶأüٴδ
ڶҪʼˣһȫ䣬׷״񣬿еĳü
ڿʼĽձˣȻ˲ƣǿͷǵʶˡü˵
ԣ׷׷ͷųʶ
ȻȻ˲֮⣬кʶˡ
ղţѾʮսˣҲ˵ڶͬһս֮ڡü˵
ųüĻ£ԶǿϢͬһ㣬ս˵ķڡ
ʣˣһսֵλ޵мš
ҶҲ۾˹ȥ


1175 
س磡
׿ˣ
ķƣ
޵аӰֱڸ߿УΧš
Ǿϵǰ
Ҷʶ̽ӶȥʱӰسһ죬ЩϤ
ǻ⣬ܹ𵶵ôͲ򵽵߲㣬Ѿ񾳽˻򡣡
Ҷ찵뵽
Ȼֻׯܿ񾳽ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨
ôس񾳽Ҳͺˡ
Ƕ򣬽ʱ䷨ռ䷨һֻײ
س񾳽򣬴ֻҪǰһԳΪס
޵мţȻʵ顣
ٿ׿ˣķǳ׳˶ͬһһ㣬Ҷʮ౶˫Ŀⱬ䣬ֳһ޴񸫣¶˰
˵̩̹ģǿʮʽѡҶһ˿ء
ǻ𵶵䣬Ǿ콣䣬ȭǹ䣬ƪҲʮ˲ѡ
ʮʽȴʮʽ˵ǿ
ΪսĴʼߣλġ
̻ᣬҲֻܹǰʽʣµĶʮʽ򱣴
ȻܹΪ޵мţûһǼ򵥵
Ҷһһˡ
һ꣬÷ǳƯԣƯ
Ϣ˵ķˣ˶ΪŮˣΪŮ˻ҪƯ
ɫĳƤķģʣҶκһŮ
Ҫ֪ҶһӣһŮľѩãɽҲǶŮ
ǺķƱͲ˲ֹһ
ƺܶķƵˣ̭£ôһˣҪŮˣһŮ
ȴû˸Сķƣ޵мţѾ˵߲㣬һ죬޵С
ʱ޵мţվһλս
ʣµǣȫڵϣҷȥ
Ҫ֪Ǳ޵мŸɱˣǾͱ̭ˡ
ٳüԾس硢ķơ׿ս죬ȴҲû̶֡
üɨλ޵мһۣص˵ͷ漴˵Ƕֻ֪ǰʮţʸԣڶأҪѡǰʮš
һǣͷųüȴڶصĹ
ܼ򵥣սϻһЩƣһʮö˭õƣ˭ܹͨڶصĿˡ
ü˵
ȴüͷΪǾãڶصĿˣ²ô򵥡
ĻҪĳãպóһƵߣϾͿͨˡ
Ȼü˵һҪǣÿƶɢĹսʲôطܹõңֳֻʮʱ䣬ƲŻ뿪սͨؿˡ
˵ǼõƣҲ˵ᣬһҪʮʱ䡣
ü˵գӰʧ
һڶصĹ
ʮʱ䣿Ҷüͷ壬ڵս󣬶ܹУʮʱ䣬ǿԽСս
Ҳ˵õƣΧСսˣᡣ
ʵ̫ˡ
³޵мţһЩۼţһЩʼţҲѱסʮʱ䡣
ΪʱҪԵǿߣһˣһȺˡ
ңһȺˣʵ͵ģҲǷ۷š
ֻȴЩǿͨ뿪󣬲лᡣҶ찵뵽
ʣʼһЩƣֻЩǰǿ߿ᣬҪȥᣬǼֱ
Ҷ֪ڳţȻҲܹס
һЩŶʼ˴ˡ
٣ͬһţʼˡ
Щţȴмڱ˴ϡ
߿еλ޵мţˡ
ʱˣȫս죬Ҫʼһսˡ
һ˶ĬĬţҲ뿴λ޵мţǿʲôز
ôҪ𣿡س米һ޴ĺɫؿŶ׿˺ķơ
ڵĵطնǾâ˾
Ҫ֪սĿռ䣬ҲԴݻ٣سĿֲ֮£ȴ
ɴ˿ɼʵֲ֮
ңĿǰϵسλӵһ
ķƺ׿˽
سǿķƺ׿ˣϾûнֹ˭Ҳ֪˭ǿһЩ
ˣ˲ս졣
ˣڲʺϽ֣һöƣ׿Ҫˡ׿˵ִǳͬը졣
˵ͷĿǰֻǵȡöáһԵķЦ
һţرסˣ漴ӦһѾһˣôƯʲô
ߣʱѣ׿һһ˫޴۾ݺݵķƣôҶ֣
㲻ɣķ˵գֱһ˹ȥ˲ͳһֻ޴ƣ񷣬ⷽضڱˡ
찡
ֲ̫ˡ
ʵ
һž׷׳Χˡ
ҶҲٷߣΪоһҪԱɡ
̫ˡ
ߣ
Ҷߵʱ򣬱һߡ
תȥֻͬһ׿ˣ߸߾Լ񸫣ݺݵ
һ˲䣬ƿضѣػˮӿ
ֻ޴ƣӲ񸫸ˣ͵޼ɵϯһЩ֮ţ˽ȥֱɱˡ
һ˶ʱסˣˣһԺɨս
˼Ҳ˵Ķ֣ʵ̫ˡ
䣡
ڴʱԶһҵѪɫֱ񷣬Եޱޡ
ǵһöƣҶ۾һУȴûж
ǣҲûж֣Ϊÿ˶öƲǡ
λ޵мƣ˭᣿
Ȼ޵мţʱöơ
;У˱˴˳֣ѡ
һЩ֮ţûüӦͱɱˡ
Ȼս꼰㡣
Ҷ쵱ԶԶ㿪ɲ뱻ɱӶߵ̭
Ҳǰ׳գ׷׶Ҳҽӽöơ
ֻƸһЩţǳùǻûü㿪㿴سһɨȻķһƺ£ֱӾͱɱˡ
汻ԩˡ
ҶһλʼţԿԽǰʮȴԩˣʵ̫ˡ
䣡䣡
ڴʱսأһѪɫĹֱ񷣬
һӳһöƣʱսˡ


1176 
һöƵĳ֣ʱսһƬڣЩۼţʼţȫЩƷȥ
λ޵мŸȡһöƣȻ͵һϢȥˡ
ϢΪû˸ǵơ
ЩۼҲһû˸ǵơ
ң˶ɵӣһʮ޵мϷۼţҲ˶ѡ
αΪһöƣЩ̬Ϊأ
һЩ۷ţҲûжȥ׷ɱǣֻЩʼţһõƣͻܸܵźɱ
ΪЩ޵мͷۼŻսϣ˶ƣûƴ֡
ʮ֮󣬵ЩõƵ޵мͷۼţȫ뿪ս֮˲˿Ƿ׷׼ս
ҶҲ˿ϾڵʵԿЩۼϵţһʼ۷ţҲԿ⡣
ԣҶʱڣûгᡣ
һʮöƣʼϵţҲͲˡ
Ȼˣ˵õ뿪Ҳ١
һֻҪõƾУֲεġ
ҶգһԹս
ֻʱ㲻鷳鷳ȴ
䣡
ⲻһҵѪɫͻȻҶ߳𣬶
Ҷʱһ㶣ǰͻȻһöƣֻҪһ֣ץ
ţƣ
ƣ
ƣ
ΧһЩǣҶǰֵƣʱӵҴŭȵ
ҶʱûץסƣЩ˾Ҫˡ
ˣЩ˻һ۳ɿµĺݺݵغ
ô˵ĹһλţǷ۷ţҲᱻ˲ɱġ
ҶȴѾﵽ˷ʼ
ȻôҲǰһˣҶһЦץסǰƣȻ۳һɫĳΧɨȥ
𵶵䣡
ҶϵӡУʹĻ𵶵䣬ӳĻ𵶵
ৡ
һ˲䣬ΧЩţȫɱˡ
ǼʳڵţҲһ˵׷׺ȻҼҶ졣
ҶҲǣöƣɵĵطȥˡ
ϵѪɫȴֱƲ񷣬㵽ʲôطᱻ˷ֵġ
ԣҶһ·ϣܵǿߵĹ
ЩţҪǸҶ֣Ǳնɱˡ
ЩʼţҲҶˡ
ȻҲһЩҶ޷ԸķʼţЩ˱ѾõƣûҪҶˡ
ʮ֮Ҷе˺ѿռ䣬Ҷһ뿪Ƭս
Ҷ죡
Ҷո뿪սûŪʲôطϤ
תͷȥǽ޳а֮ӣ˹ȥ
ʱҶҲԼһУ޾Ĵ½½ϻڣ鶼кܶࡣ
Ҷ죬ǳü硣޳Ҷеɻ󣬲ɵý͵
ЩõƵˣʸսʱǾҪ泤üһǰˡ
֪һʲô𣿡ҶЩʵ
֪ü˵ˣεĿЩͬƺҪǱ˴ս޳˵
ҪǻսŶΣҶʱһ㶡
˭֪أüȻ˵ˣֻҪĵȴͺáа֮ʼ硣
һԵĽ޳˵ˣҶ죬Ǿ߾ѪгûУڵʵ岻ߵ
԰˵츳Ǳֻ̬ǽ𵶵㣬ʵȴȷʼţҪǵȵǾ߾Ѫֱ޵мšа֮Ӳɵһࡣ
ǺǣǾ߾ѪûгȿһؿʲôɣҵľѪʱԳؼһʱҶЦ
Լһ֮ʮöƱ㶼˵õˣȫ͵˳üС
ʮˣһսǰʮǽʸ
ףǣüΰӰͻȻ֮УЦݵؿǰʮš
ʮˣһսǿţǽʸʱǻõصΪ񣬳Ϊף⡣
ü˵ȻͬţõԴҲȻǲͬġϾֻһţܹ֧ԣҪѴ󲿷ԴЩϡ
ڣұ㹫һصĿݡ
ü˵
һصĿ˺ܼ򵥣ǸҪսֻҪݱɡ룬Ӧöݲİ԰ɡ
üЦеؿǰʮš
ΧʱһƬȻ
ʮǣȫߴߴЩȡ
ʲôݣа֮Ӳɵɻ
֪𣡡Ҷ췭˷ۣ漴ȡ¼֮󣬱㿪ʼݡ
޳а֮Ӷչۿ
ݻǶΪλҲǿһ൱Ķ
ȻݲûκεĹҲЩɡ
ôӦĶ֣Աս
һʮ㣬ÿ̤һ㣬ᱻһþ֮Уþ֮УһǿĶ֣ʹõıǿʮʽ
ʮ㣬ʮʽҲʮʽ
˵һݣһʹÿʮʽһʽˣͬľ硣
Լ̤ڶݣʱͻʹõڶʽʮʽͬǿߡ
ܹߵһ㣬ʵһɡ
ڳʮţԲľ磬ԣֻҪȽʵǽݵĲŶˡ
ԭˣ⵹ʡ鷳ôţһԣҪʲôʱ򰡣Ҷ˵
ҪȻҪһԣǼԪĩڣϣһֺܹܶ׼ǿߣȻ˷ʱˡϾǰЩ˵Ѿ˺ܶʱ䡣޳˵
Ҷа֮ӵ鶼Щء
ѾǼԪĩˣܹʱޣûʱ׾磬ôľ罫䵽𾳽磬ȻµļԪ
ʷûǸԪʱڳΪףôһԪ׵ļʽʮ֮һ
ԴƣһԪ׵ļʾԽԽСˡ
Զ޷׾硣
ԣֻҪţŹν׵ĻᣬѾǼԪĩˡ
ҶҲģһҪԪʱ׾磬ֻлվ۷塣
ˣѾ֪ݵϢˣҪʵݣǱԣԣھЩѪȥôȥݣܼ򵥣ǻȥֱ֮ӵǵ񶼣ʱǵĴȻǰȥ
üĻ


1177 
üʮţ͵һЩ񶼴㳡Ȼ뿪ˡ
Ҷͽ޳а֮ˣ̤봫󣬴͵ɽ񶼣Ȼٸ뿪ˡ
Լãʱ䣬һ񶼼ϡ


ʱ˶ˣԴʮλվڴ㳡ϣӭҶ챾ĵ
ҶıǴģ·ϵһЩʱ䣬Եڲ
ҶӴгʱ򣬿ǰѹѹһƬ飬ʱһ
ʶһɨ֪ĸ߲㼸ˡ
ҶڻˣǸǶˡҶʱЦӭȥ
һڸڵ棬ҶĿУĽ;塣
ǽǰʮŰ
ԺҶǿԽҪ˶þܳΪ񣬶һһλǿ
лΪס
˵Ӵ֮Ҷ죬ˡ
̫ˣҶĳܳҶæ˵ô˵ڶҲõ˲ٰﻹЩġ
ңԺҪöݴ½ݴ½ء
ԣҲͶùϵ
Ҷϵܣд󣬾ͳһϵˡ˵׼ΪΣ
Ƕν𣿡Ҷɻ
רΪҶϵõġЦ˵Ҷϵܣʱ϶ǻ棬ûʱģûʲôֻǹҸˡȻܵȨһ
ǴҪ£סҶ죬һԺҶǿˣͿԴܶô
٣ҶڣԺǶٵöˡ
νȨû⣬ΪҶǿ϶Ȩ
ãҴӦˣлĺ⡣ҶûʲôԥʹӦˣǹҸֶѣҲҪϾݴ½붫
Ժݴ½ʲô飬Ҳܹͨϵ֪
ãҶͬ⣬ʱм˵ʵ֮ǰҲûҶͬġ
ϾҶֻҪԸ⣬ɽҪ£Ҷ죬ǽҲǺ׵ġ
ֻҪҶͬ⣬кܶ๫Լ޸
ҶϵܣߣѾںϯףϵǰʮǿЦ
úҶһӣμ˶µϯ
ҹ˶ڻֵף֮С
ͬʱɽǣף
ΪһΣɽˣȻǰʮǿš
ʵڲҪ֪еһ֮Ҳˡ
ɽһСϵˣ⼸һˡ
֮ɽǣеǳ˷ܣߵﶼ˵Լɽˡ
ڣɽΪɽСϵһЩϵҪ

ϯ֮Ҷ˼һʱ䣬׼ǰɽˡ
ϣֻϷһںѣף
ͣΪݴ½
㲻ΪɽսΪݴ½ս
ݴ½ԺͿˡ

һݴ½Ŷǳ˷ܣϾݴ½һ˼Ժݴ½ϵ֧
ʱ򣬼ɽҲûжݴ½ˡ
𣿡
ãһ𣡡
Ҷ޳а֮ӷ˴Ѷ
ȻҶһǣǰɽǣȻɽǰ񶼡
ৣ
񶼵Ĵ㳡ϣҶӴ߳Ƭ̺㿴޳а֮Ҳһͬ
˵һ뿪㳡
λǡһӻҽѾڴ㳡棬Ҷ˳ʱӭȥΪ׵һλ˵

Ҷ˶ʱЦˡ
ǳǰʮǿʱ򣬰ɽ۾ͲΪˣѾܸˣ൱һǵĳˡ
ֻҪҶԺ񾳽磬ƾݣʱܹһλǵĳ֮λֻҪͨսͿˣϾܳƿһϵ
ȻҶܹǲŲԸΪһǵĳء
ã뽫·Ҷ˵ͷ˵
˸һӻҽ棬ǰʹ
ʹޱɭϣǿƣ˵һССԲԲǿߣҲʹ
ԣɽۣһӻҽӭҶˡ

ʹҶһ԰ͤڡ
ʱͤѾˣǿҶ˹æվЦݵӭ
°ݵϣλ
·λӡ
һһŮӢ˽ܣҲһսǰʮǿǷʼš
ݵǰɽ۵һڻӵܡ
·԰ɽһϵǡ
Ҷ죬λ
޳
а֮ӣ
ҶҲæ
ˣǰɽγǰʮǿˣŰɽǰݽĿ顣
쿴ǾҶ죡
޳˧Ŷ˵Ǿ̫ͣ˧ˡ
а֮Ӳģʼ۷尡ǰɽǿһš

ԶһȺӵ͵͵ۿͤڵˣߴߴ۸ûͣ
ԴˣҶ˵ûͤУʼ
а֣֮оʵǿǰɽֻܿˡݵЦ˵
а֮ƲƲ죬ҡͷҿɲǿģһǿġָһԵҶ졣

ݵ϶ʱˡ
һԵ·ҲЩؿҶ졣
Ƕ֪ҶֻǷʼࡣ
а֮Ƿ۷壬֮ǿһ
ȴû뵽а֮ӻ˵Ҷǿ
Ǻǣһϲǫ飬ҶЦ˵а֮һۡ
а֮Ӷʱ֪ҶҪʵҡҡͷٶԡ
޳⣬ʵ֪𣿡
Ȼʥǡݵ˵ǻӵܣϢͨȻ֪š
˵꿪õһȥ磬Ȼ潨һʥǣݱǷʥڡݵϼ˵
Ҳ޳а֮Եɴ۾
ҶȴûжپȣΪ֪֮ϣһ֮ǸȥǱɱǾһλߣ֮ɱˡ
˭֪أǳԽ׵ĴڣѾվ۷塣֮ѾܶûеµˣЩϵ𣬶Ѿʧٳˣ˭Ҳ֪ǵ顣ݵҡҡͷ˵
ǵȴڣɲڿ̽ӵģǲҪ˵ˡ·ҡҡͷ˾η
ʥطа֮ʵ
֪ݵҡҡͷ˵ʥǿߵĻأ󳬼ܲʥ֮Уֻײ֪ʥ
䡭
ڴʱһ϶ֺƴϢнٶ¡
漴Ǳ㿴һӰǰۣͬüһֻǰɽۡ


1178 
ɽ۳֮УϵĿ⣬ҶˣĿ漴¶һ˿Цݡ
ܲǰɽһ˴ǰʮԪǰɽһսˣǶǺģΪǰɽҫ
Ҷ˰ţݵҲͷ֮ɫ
ɽۣһλװȻȲϳüҲһƿһ
ȻɽѾȫϢɢġơҶ˸е޴ѹ
öռֱָһƷʯǵĽɽһӣöռָʱҶǰ
һڡ
Ʒʯ
Ҷ졢޳а֮ӡ·ĸ˶ʱɴ۾
ǿɲǰݵϣڰɽңС͵õصԴḻʯޡ
һƷʯ˵һˡ
һЩҲ޷ӵôʯ
һλλλˡ
Ҷû뵽ɽ۳ô£зǳ𺳣ڻûзӦ
ǲ⣬ӦõĽսгĸߣôнɽЦ˵
ȻЩţݵϣ
Ҳ⻨Щ£ЩˣϾˣֻҪһ˳ɳ׾磬ôЩۣǧ򱶵׬ˡ
Ҷ˶ǰ׳գܿ˰ɽ۵˼һǰĿռָ
ЩʯҵǲΪ𵶵ĺ㵣ˡҶ찵뵽
𵶵ƪһŲ㣬ҶѾǰ㣬ֻʣˡ
ļ۸ҲǳˣҪһƷʯҶһֱ޷׬Ǯںˣɽֱʹ͸ôʯˡ
һԵа֮Ӻͽ޳ҲˣǶѾﵽ˵㣬㣬ʱҲҪˡ
һƷʯ˵ֱѩ̿
ˣǽҵۣҽǰʥǡɽۼҶռָ漴ٶȻ֣жʱһӴСս
ս
Ҷһ㶡
ȥʱǳüֱصģɽ۵ﲻȻ޷üһ
ǿɲҪСۣȻֻһۣٶȴһλλ׵ٶˣ׸·ۡȻüǵΰĴڣȻҪۣٶȱѾԽһˡ
ɽ˵
Ҷ찵ȣ쳤ʶˣǾȻ۸·۷ǳ
ȥɣʥλڰУ޷ʹôֻ۸·ɽ۵ۣȻֻһ߷ıҪɽ
Ҷ˶һۣҲȥ
ڵĿռ䲢󣬸պֻˣҶ˺ܺ棬ѵɽֻ֪˴ǰʮ
ƺҶ˵ɻ󣬰ɽЦ˵ۿɴСҵ仯ܹװһˡ
Ҷ˶ʱȻ
漴£˳شΧ
۲֪ʲôƶɣ·Ȼһ壬ûһ˿˹ĺۼְɫķţ˸
Ҷ컹һЩǿ󷨣ȴʶȻǺܸ߼
ʱɽѾ߶ۣһ˲䣬۾뿪磬뵽֮УȻƿռ䣬뵽˰档
νİ棬ռ䡣
ȻҲеأȻзйâȻҲкڰ
ԣ棬ҲΪ档
棬Ҳ棬Ե飬ܶһء
е滷ȴǷǳĶӣŰĿռ籩µһȥɡ
Щ籩ɱ
ֻײεǿߣǵڰ֮Ρ
Ȼ滷ӣΪûĴڣԸԷ򲨶ǳǿңõط
ϣЩ׼ĸ֣ڰ
ʥǱڰ֮С
һСͬʱҲΪߴûдԶ۸·
˵ߴսڰнеġ
ЩμеսһЩѣСӴܣߴѵġ
սǾʤĹؼ
Ͼڰս飬׼ǿߡ
ʥǱڰеһݣȻҲҪ͵ʱһ
ϣĳǿǣȫ
Ȼһǿߣǰߴս
Щǰɽ۽ģΪ۵ٶȣҪʮʱ䣬ܸϵʥǡ
ԣʱ䣬ɽ۸ǽһЩֻײ֪š
ȻҲΪҶ츳ǷԺҲеĳǿߣȻʸ֪Щ顣
ңڰɽۿҶ˶ǷʼţǷս֮УԿԳǰʮ
ԣ˶лΪףǰ֪ЩҲʲô
ֲʲôܡ
а֮ӣ˵УʵǿлǰһǧһҪúðλᣬֻҪǰһǧͿԳΪذĵӣõԴ˶öࡣɽۺȻа֮ӣ˵
ذ
Ҷԣɵ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ɽȻǲ֪ν˰񣬵±͵񡢵ذ˰ĸΣУÿһսǰʮԽǰǰһǧذǰһ˰ʣµıΧԱˡ
ÿһΣӦԴȻǲͬġɽۿҶˣ˵ǿŵľۼأÿһţһλλ׺λΪͽõԴģõص
ҶԣʱĶҲ֪Ҫ̫ˡ
а֮Ҳûʸ񣬱Ͼһսۼţһٶˣа֮񶼽ȥ˵ˡ
ҵľѪӦԽˡҶ찵뵽
ҲҪģЩ񵥲㲻ģԺ츳ͻȻȻҲϣЩ񵥡ɽ˵
ݵϡ·˶ʱ˿
Ļôǻлᣬٳ˰⡣
ϾΪһսֵ̫ǿ̫ˣԼ츳Щ񵥡
ˣʮڣǾͰľްɡа֮ӣܹͻһΣܳΪۼˣȻʱ䲻࣬ҲҪŬһ£ϾԵⶫ˵׼ġɽ漴˵
а֮Ե˵ͷѾڲĻ𵶵ˣǳɹˣôǷۼţ˵Գǰ
ҶҲ̽Ǳ֮С


1179 ʥ
֮ȫŰֹĿռ籩ɽۼԦۣٶȷǳ졣ң۵ķǳǿ󣬼һЩ˺񼶱ǿߵĿֲ籩ҲܰȻشдж
֮УҶ˶ǱţȻʱ䲻࣬ҲûзŬ
Ǵǧѡţ־Ѿޱȼᶨ֪ǰ裬ҲҪ˷ˡ
һʱǾҪִʥˡͻȻɽ۵˵Ķ
Ҷһ۾Ҳ۾
ʮȻ˲٣ûͻƵǰľ磬а֮ҲȻڷʼ۷塣
˶ûʧȫţͶδ֮·ڴ
һ֮۴һĤһռ䡣
Ƭռ棬һƬƽ˾밵ôռ籩ŰˣĻࡣ
ֻǣڴʱ򣬰ҶڵˣӦһΰ嫵Ϣǵһɨ
ȻϢûдκεĵϣǰҶڵˣȫкȻ·ԼеܣԷ͸һ㡣
ɽۿҶ˲԰׵ɫЦ˵Ҫţղλǿ߱ʥͬʱҲ۷ǿ֮һλڳü֮ϡ
ҶԺȻ
ʥ죿ֱľͷһ˵֮µǿ֮һˡ
ΰԳ֣˸ɱ޵еĴˡ
ΪʥǷǳҪԵ˵ص飬ܵʥ̽ӣԱֹϸɽ۽͵
ʱǵǰԶһ޴ĳǳأɢſֲķϢһֲϢֱƲ񷣬·һ޴Ĺޱȡ
Ƕһλλǿߣȫ׼ߡ
һɫĹΧйҪִޱȡ
ʣǾʥϢ
Ǽסˣ浽ףеĵλҸ߶ˣǲҪˣû²Ҫ˵ɽ۳˵
ȻףҲֻһλλףʥ棬ǼͼĴڡ
Ҷæͷôǿڣһշѹǣ
ŰɽۣʥǷȥһ·˲ǿĴڡ
ɽСһǲξȻŽ˲𰡣Զһ֮еΰڿɽһ˵ɵЦ˵
ɽСһ
Ҷԣɵһ㶡
ɽȴûһŭ֮ɫضԶλΰڹһ˵ɽɽǰ
ǺǣöˣϽȥݰɣϾҪʼˡԶλɽǰЦŰ˰֡
ɽ۵˵ͷ漴Ҷ켸˼ǰȥ
ղλɽǰһλλףָңҪסͨλ׺λףǲסʥǣֻЩλףʸþסʥǣЩһ֧ɽ۴Ҷ˵
˵˵ͷ
úһƬ޴Ĺ㳡ϣڹ㳡ϵһˣǸƵĽݣһʮףÿһ׶ǳߴͨɫɢŵĻɫΡ
ݡ
ǰһλףǺͰɽһǷ˵ġ
֮⣬㳡ϣǺѹѹӰȫԲ磬ȻҶ˵һνǰʮš
ȵȻ֪ͨǽвԣסˣÿһݣֻܴʮʱ䣬ʮʱ䣬ҪôǰһףҪôϱ̭ɽ۶Ҷѵ
æͷ
ʱ򣬰ɽ۳ŲԶһ׷ȥ
ɽˡ
ϰݣĹˣ֪γţǲҪ԰ڰ
ѵϰгôţǾͲҪȤˣȵһ¡

һȺЦŸɽ۴к
㳡ϣһǣҲڸԽʶ
ݵһڰɽңʶǿкܶ࣬Ժܿͺͺܶ˴һˡ
·ҲΪƯһЩЦŽ̸š
а֮ӡҶ졢޳Թ˵վһԣżǰݣżŲԶһλλ֮еΰڣĿоԳ֮ɫ
Ҷ죬쿴λͻȻ޳ƳҶһۣ˵
ҶӭŽ޳Ŀ⿴ȥֻԶȺУȺͬ߸ϵһ㣬˲ҽӽֻԶۡ
ʣλ޵мţس硢ķƺ׿ˡ
λ޵мŶǳ߰Ըͱ˽̸Ҳҽӽǡ
ܶŮţ˵Ŀ֮У˻ȡ
˭֪޵мţֻҪ϶Խ׼Ժĳɾͻߡ
ôľѪ֮гǷаջǣ޳ʵ
һԱĿа֮Ҳ۾Ҷ졣
ҶҡͷЦҵľѪûгʱ˵һսʵеġ
ϾҪʼˣľѪô޳Բɵüͷ
ǺǣҲûʱƣкαؼءҪ֪ÿһݣԴʮ꣬ڵʵԴ㣬Ҳ˵ʮʱ䡣ҶЦ˵
òÿһݶʮɣ޳Եɴ۾
һԵа֮ҲЩˡ
ΪʲôأҶ΢Ц
ݣ޳Цҡҡͷµʱ˶ҪҶˣƻ
а֮Ҳ˷ۣʾΡ
λʮѾˣھͿʼ԰ɣͻȻһ㳡
ֻԶԱߣһλףһ۹˹֣˵
Ǹòˡ
ʼɣ
Ҫ˷ʱˡ
һ۾Եͷ˵
һǣҲվȫݵķĿгȣͷڵս⡣
һȻûд򶷣ȴûһ˻иΪͬʱıԣȴ򶷻Ҫš
ңݵԱߣרŵϢǽ¼ÿһŵ
ȣ˵һһصĹ涨оϢλ׼˵
ݵĿˣͱĿͬΪһֻܳ嵽Ĳ㣬۷ţҲֻܳ嵽Ĳ㣬ôѵͬ
Ȼǲܵġ
ԣΪ˽ֿͬһ㣬Ҳֳʤ
Уÿһ㶼һ֣߽ͬôսḶ́Ȼж˭ʵǿһЩ
˵ţһ㣬ܻܿᱻֱɱ
Ƿ۷ţҲֵ£ڸáʱ򣬶Աһ£Ȼó˭ʤһˡ
һ㲻κε©Ϊÿ˵ս׼ǿ߸ģǿɲῴۡ
ڣʼݰɣλ˵꣬һǻ˻֣ʱǰĽֹʧˡ


1180 켶
ǰĽʧһŶʱӵϣӵһݿʼϷʵǶȥ
ܹǰʮţҲǷҲܳ嵽Ĳݡ
ⲻոտʼûãеţǳɵԽ˵һ㣬ʼŵڶ
ڶҲûеã˼ǰ̤㡣
ͬûӶã˼̡
ֱĲʱһЩţʼҪһЩʱ䣬ͨء
Щʼţͣ˵㡣
ۼϵǣѾʼŵˡ
ÿһݣʵֻһսսˣܽ뵽һ㣬ɱˣͻᱻ̭
ԣûʲô˿ĳһӺܾá
Ҳ⣬˵ĳսƾУôʱڣ˭Ҳκβ˭Ȼͱסˡ
ҶͣڵһܾˣȻûеϵڶ㡣
úܶۿ۶ǳ
Сƺǰɽţɽ԰ɣ㳡ϣһۿǰаĩ˵Ҷ죬ɵЦſɽۡ
ɽһʼûע⣬ĩ˵֮󣬶һ£漴һ죬˵ͷȷҰɽġ
˵գɵüͷҶ쵽ڸʲôһ޷ͨôôã
ڣߵλ޵мţѾ嵽ˣۿٹãҪﵽ߲ˡ
ˣҲڵ㡢ǻģҲڵĲˡ
ֻҶһ˻ڵһͣڶ͵㶼ûˡ
СӻȤΪ˽ʡʱ䣬ҪڶʱͻƣӶߵһΡһЦ˵
Ƕ׼ǿߣܿͲҶĶǲΪ̶̼ʮ꼸꣬ЩŸһΪߵ̶ȣѾǼˣҪýˣҲϵڡ
ܹǰʮţʱ䶼ڼ꣬ѾԼ츳˼£ٽˡ
ԣһ֮󣬾Ҫ񾳽磬ȻʵΪ׾׼
ΪˣЩǣڳݵʱ򣬶ϲͣҪôͨҪôͨ
ⲻȥһʱ䣬λ޵мűѾⳡ飬Ƕ嵽˵ڰ˲㣬ȴû˳ͨڰ˲㣬ڵڰ˲㱻Ķָնɱˡ
սľ׿һسڶķ
һһٶ˵ķۼţֹڵ߲㣬ȻԼս
󣬱Ƿʼţֹڵ㡣
̶Ƿţֹڵ㡣
оһֱڵһҶ죬ЩѾ˵ǣ˷ۣ֮ɫ
֮вμӿ˵ˣҶ֮⣬ȫˡ
һҶ⣬˵Ѿˡ
ʱҶ죬˵ĿЩۣЩǣڶ֣ĬĬȴ
Сӵڸʲôһ̲סˡ
һǸ⣡һЩ뵽
λ޵мţҡҡͷԱ۾ٶ࿴
˶ãҶǹôģΪıҪ˵ע⣬Ȼ
٣Ҷˣڳˣ¶Ҷˡ
޳а֮ӴʱҲǳû뵽ҶҲЩڴϾǷǳֻҪȵҶǾ߾Ѫ϶һٱڳ˶۾
㿴ֳ氡Ǻǣ޳뵽
һҪˡа֮̾
ҶǴһСӱԽеţվһ˵۷塣
һ󼶵ţߵǵһ
ֻǲ֪һΣҶǷᳬԽλ޵мţһεٵһ
޳а֮ӶЩڴ
һꡭʮꡭ
ʮ֮ҶڵٵڶˣҲһʹͣ˵ڶ㣬ֱһʮ֮󣬲ŵ˵㡣
һˡ
Ҷÿһ㶼ʮֱ꣬޵֮ǰɱ֣һ㡣
ľٶѲѪҪ֪ҶһûͨˣǾҪһصȴȥ
ػݵλףɵüͷҡͷ
һһ٣һʼŶĩ˵Ҷ죬ҧгݵ˵
һ˵֮ͨϾҪ񡢵ذ˰ˣȻȥĽȫµˡ
ڣȴһҶ죬סˡ
˭ܲߣ
ٵȵȰɣһҲֻһʼţ嵽㡣һ˵
һʮ֮Ҷ˵Ĳ㡣
£˶˿Ͳʮˡ
֪ΪʲôЩǿߣȴ⼸ʮڣȵЩͷˡ
ΪҶֻһССķʼţҪǻλ޵мôʱ䣬˿²᲻ͷеޱڴ
ˣһʮҶڳ˵㡣
ʱˣЩۣǰ˿¶Цݡ
ڿԽˡ
Ҷ˲ɵðҡͷССķʼţһοͷҪǹλ޵мˣЩۺһǵȴ˼ʮˡ
С󣡡س۾мһ
УҶһСַʽע⣬Ӷ֪ȡ
ٺ٣ǲң˰һԵ׿˵Ц
㲻ŷǿһЩ۹㲻ҡο˵ķһǵʵҡسߵ
ʾǼʣģҲ㼵ҵġ׿˹Цسһҧгݡ
һԵķߵԵ˭Ҳκβ˭ңֻһѣ̤׾磬ٸߵ츳ͷҲֻһʷĺۼѡб£̤׾֮һȡ
ṳ̂׾硣׿˲мЦ
׾棡سߵ
λ޵мŻʱѾ̤Ҷ죬¶һ˿Цݡ
ҵľѪڳˣǸ֮Ѿˣ֪ﵽʲôز
Ҷһ߸ԼϵϢϵһ߰ڴѡ
Ķ棬һģӰúҶЩƣֳһ񵶣һݺݵҶ졣
ʹõǻ𵶵䣬ǵĻ𵶵䡣
̫ˣҶֻǾָס˶Էĳ¶˲м֮ɫ
ͬʱҶϢһӱǵ˷ۼ޵м
ңڼ
գҶڳ˼ޣ̤һȫµĲΡ
켶
Խ޵мţս֮УԪֹ켶ţָ
ЩˣֻҪûǰ㶼Ϊ֮е޵һҲǳüΰĴڡ
˭Ҳû뵽һεսȻһ켶š
ýˣҶ˫Ⱪǣһ˫ɫĹâΪ񵶣˲ͽǰģӰˡ
һ̣Ҷ˵㡣
ʱ㳡ϣһƬ


1181 ڰ˲
㳡ϣҶʱһ˶ʱˡ
Ҫ֪ڳʮţߵλ޵мţҲֻͨ˵߲㡣
ֻһʮĸۼţͨ˵㡣
ʱҶ죬Ҫ˳ǲô˵Ѿͨ˵㣬ˡ
Ѿܶˡ
ǲ֪ܲͨ㡣
ӦòܰɣͨĶǷۼţֻǷʼѣ˵ֻǷʼڡ
ղͨ㣬Ȼûеʱ䣬ǲ׼ʱˡ
ϻĿѾﵽˣô˶֪ˣҲûҪʱˡ

һ۷׷ס
һЩǣҲڻ̸ཻ϶Ƿ̰ɽۡ
ɽСһﵹǺַܴ֪ʽǺǣһƳһɫİɽЦǺ˵
ɲֵһλ޵мţҲûаɽôˡһλ۳
֮䣬ҲǺദ֮ҲЩìܡ
𣬴ɱɱѷֳʤĸ߲Ҳǻɱ
ԣ˴˾ͷǳˣǴʱİɽɫȴЩÿˡ
Ҷǳˣϧλȴ˳Цˣðɽ۰ŭѣҶСһʵ̫ˣÿǰľλˡ
䣡
ڴʱԶһƬȻ
㳡ʱˡ
ɽһɵ̧ͷȥҶȻ࣬ﵽһʮ
˵ʲô
˵ҶѾͨ㣬һʮλۼ֮󣬽˵߲ˡ
˶ˡ
Ȼͨ˵㣬Ѿ˷ۼʵ㳡ϣһ𾪵˵
ۼ
սۼţѾǿĴˡ
εĸ߼սҲֻһʮλۼ̫Ŷѡ
ڣҶһʮˡ
ͬǰʱˣȴǲٳЦҶˡ
٣һʮ֮ЩʼǣǲҼҶˡ
Ҷ츳Щ֣ҲǿԳġ
ϾһǿΪ磬ʵŻء
ЩۼǣҲŰϸš
ȤǺǣķЦſ񵥣ҶЩ֮⡣
һλۼţӦòַʽϾֻһʮۼţѾˣҪ˳Цķʽˡ
ԣܶ˿ʼҶ쵽Ϊʲôô
ɽۿһĻʱЦˡ
֮ǰɽ۵ۣȴüͷ΢΢ɫЩѿˡ
ѣ߲ͨЦҲ١سߵȻĲм֮ɫ
׿Ǳ˫ۣȤؿţҲΪҶ߲ͨ㡣
СʵȷҲֹڵ߲ˣⳡսڿԽˡ֮ǰһɽ۵ۣʱ˵
Ȼڴ˻֮ʣҶһԽǰһʮˣķġ
䡭
˲䣬㳡һƬģѻȸš
Щǣһɴ۾š
㳡ϵһǣҲŴ֮ͣɫ
׿ˡس硢ķλ޵мţҲͫһг𾪺Ͳš
޵м
޵м
ܹ߲ͨ㣬ҶĻ𵶵ﵽ˵߲㣬޵мʵ
սȻеλ޵мţ
⡭ôܣһ۵ɴ۾˵
޵мʲôʱ޵мѾ׾ܵˡԱһͣȻûд֮лָ
ǰɽۣҲһþ޷
޵мŰս۷ţų޵еˡ
ĳţֻҪȥԿԳΪףкܴܻᳬԽЩۣΪλףλס
ҶҪ𣿡ɽ漴ЦſǼλ֮ǰۣ֮ɫ
ӣǺݺݵس˿ڶˡ
Ǽɽ۵ۣʱ֮ɫֻܿЦ˵
Ҳܱ˵ҶС޵мʵҪʱ䣿ⲻǳԱų
û뵽һս֮УȻһλͬķ̾
س۾ʱûгԳˣʱҶѾվ˺ͬȵĸ߶ȣ˭ʤ˭һء
Ҳû뵽λ޵мţԪܹﵽĸ߼սƺҲֻһɡ׿Ц
ڷǳˣҲᳬԽŶķЦſ׿ˣ˵
سһǻ𵶵䣬Ǻǿǿ󣬵ǷȴңҪԽҺѡ׿š
صضŰ񵥡
һֹ̣ڶŰ񵥣㳡ϵţЩǣһЩǰۿʥǵǣڶŰǸҶ֡
ʱҶѾ˵ڰ˲㡣
ɵĿռ֮УҶǰһӰɢԲϢҶһֳһ⽥ɢ
ڰ˲ܹͨһ㣬ӵ켶ʵҶ춢ǰӰ֮ɫ
Ļ𵶵䣬֮ʱѾͻ˵㣬˵㡣
֮ǰ𵶵ȴƾԼ츳ϵӡȴӳȵʵ
˵Խ
ڣҶĻ𵶵Ѿﵽ˵㣬Խǲǵڰ˲
ȻҲֻ϶ѣҪս顣
£ҶɫռϱеĳӶգʩչǻ𵶵㡣
ͬʱҶҲϵӡУʹԼһﵽһֲĳ̶ȡ
䣡
ӰҲʩչڰ˲Ļ𵶵䣬Ҷ
˾һݺݵײһ
˫ͬʱ˿ǹײɳȥҶѪ磬ӰҲѪɡ
ܾˡ
˵ҶѾﵽ켶żˡ
ңƾսҶԳ׿ˡس硢ķλ޵мţΪһսĵһˡ
ⲻҶ׷ôʱ䣬ɲΪ˺س˲Ϊ޵м
ҪԽ޵мΪ켶š
ŻǹˣΪĵһ
ɡռҶбҵ⣬̫ͬһ貣һɿֲĵ⣬ڱǣ˲ϯռ䡣
һ̣Ҷ˶Ϊһ񵶣ʩչĻ𵶵䣬һ֮⣬˺棬˻ռ䣬ŶӰһȥ
һǰδУֻǵĻ𵶵䣬ȴӳ˵ڰ˲㡭ǿ
䣡
ӰҲһһΣûܾˣɳȥҶӰҶԼֻɫһ죬ؿЩƶѡ
ڰ˲㡭ͨ


1182 Ļ
ҶһԾϣسķƣ׿ȡ֮λӵһʱ㳡ϵǣˡ
ڴ֮ǰ˭֪Ҷ˭ǰɽһͨŶѡ
ڣ˶޷ˣһսĵһ
߼սĵһɱЩսĵһ߶ˡ
켶ţλ޵мţһսӦǶսŶԡ
սĵһԪҲָԺĳɾ͡
ɽηˣȻһ켶š찡ǰ˭뵽Сһ츳ǿǲѣһˣһսע
һսʵ̫ǿˣλ޵мţѾһս߼սˣӦǶսˡսԪҲûжٴΣû뵽֮꾹ȻԿ̫ˡ
س硢׿ˡķСһɫ֮ǰ߸ϣһţȴͻȻһѹ棬̫ˡ
ߣһɽһɽߣ츳ǲҲܽҺγһҶ죬ӭͷʹһ£ѹǵĽ֮ġ
켶ŰϢ¾Ҫ߲㣬ƳüҪԸˡ

һڽš
㳡ϣʮǣҲ۷׷ף̸۵Ķ󣬺ʣҶ졣
ûٸҳҶ죬һţѾΪ̫âɡ
෴׿ˡس硢ķ޵мţ˿ȴɫЩѿ
˵Ҷֻ߲ͨǸоһ˿ѹҶȴͨ˵ڰ˲㣬װѹ档
ָоǺܲˬܷŭҲܲʡ
Ҫ֪Ϊ޵мţСһ·޵Уʲôı䣬ǵһѹˣûһѹ档
һսڶţȻռ۷壬ȺӢ
Ȼ˭뵽սҪʱ򣬻һ켶Ҷ졣
û뵽Ҷ죬˴һҲãһֱҶ۷壬Щߴʤںˣǰ棬ӵиǿĶˡ׿˿ŴϷɳҶ죬Ŀҵ˵
ʱҶ죬ѾڵھŲʧˣݡ
˵Ŀ⣬˿̶Ҷϣ˳ҫۡĿĴڡ
سɫǳѿضҶ죬˫ȭյúܽ
ͬ׿ˣҶ춼𵶵䣬ǵǿߡһֱţڵ棬û˱츳ߡ
ڣҶѾ׻Ľʡ
ûϵŸտʼ֮һᳬԽġس綢Ҷ죬ġ
һԣķƵɫҲ֮ǰôƵˣҶĿ֮Уغս⡣
һǿĶ֣ϲѹŸжķư뵽
λ޵мţһ̣ͬһģǾǳԽҶ졣
Ҷ죬ǳˡ޳а֮ЦӭȥҶ˵
Ҷ΢΢ЦһʱȶѣһҪŬС
ԣѹĳɾ͡а֮Ӹ̾ǵһζҶˡ
սǧڵƼʮŵ棬ҶӲȡ˵һеš
Ҫ֪ǻŰ棬Ҳֻߴ
ÿһţôҶҲܹǰʮȫǰʮֱ̫˲ˡ
λ
ͻȻһΰӰǰƽؿˣüëܷ衣
ǳü
һ۷׷
ü˰֣һ˵ڣһսԲϲǣһսǰʮǶʸȻҸ˵ǣһսһ켶š
˵գüҶ죬Ŀ¶һ˿Цݣ͵Ҷ죬ܲϣܹŬҲһᳬԽҡ
Խü
ۣˡ
Ҫ֪ǿߵļеأʥ֮УܹԽüˣָ
뵽Ҷ츳Ҳһɡ
ƺʷϣ켶ţֻҪȥΪףҶﵽ˳üľ磬ߵһЩˣΪ
׿ˡس硢ķƣҲֻҪŬδزܵõϣܹҶΪĿ꣬Ҫиü̶س˵
ЩۼţüûжٹעˣЩܹΪ׵ĿԺܴ󣬵ҪﵽɾͣȴǺѣԺһЩС
ڣʮˣѡ񣬼߸ǵ뿪ʥǡԸģվҵһᰴǸԵȻǽü˵
ȻʮŶʸҲǶԸ
Ҷλ޵мţû˿ԥѡ˼ϾΪǿֳŵѡ
һʮλۼŵУʮûмǵ뿪ˣǲǼӶ磬Ǽ̻ᡣ
ЩҲԼ뷨һһͨţȥӶ̻š
ϾӶ̻ᣬǵ츳ԵõԴ
ЩʼͷǣҲ뿪ˡ
󣬻˹㳡ϣǶѡ˼
ô˵ǿʵŻԸġ
ͷβҲԸβͷ
üҶ졢׿ˡسǰʮŽ񣬵ʮһһ񣬵һһһǧذ񣬵һǧһһ˰ʣµıΧԱˡ
а֮ӵǳãΪ뿪ʮλۼţóʮټЩȥķۼǿߣӶñٶȴҽ
޳ûʲô仯Ȼֻܽ˰ͬɽ·ݵ϶ˣҲǺһ˰
ʣµˣȻΧԱˡ
ֱǰ֮أΧԱֻһʱʥǣ֮Ҫ뿪ϣǺúһʱ䡣ü˵գλʧ
Щۣ׷׺ԼŴкȻҲȥˡ
Ҷ죬λҴһˣݵҿصһ󱲣ԺϣܹչһɽЦŶҶ˵
ҶЩܳλ߸ϵףڸ˵ȫƽȵ
£Ҷæ˵ҺͰݵ϶ѣʲô飬ȻԹۡ
ô˵ݴ½ҲڰɽΧܹͰɽ۸ùϵҲչݴ½
ңɽ۶Ҳ


1183 ݵ
һսĻˣϢȥ֮򶼷ˡ
һ쾹Ȼ켶ţһ֮ǰĬĬҶ죬ֱ̫˳Ծˡ
ǰɽ飬ǴǰûҶ֣ΪҶǰʮǲ֪Ҷ졣
ȴҶѹˣΪ켶š
ȻɽŸΪ˷ܣɽǣڻ
ɽǴûôڹ
Ҳǳ˷ܣϾҶǵʣǶڳһλĴˡ
ȻΪ˷ܵĻЩݴ½飬һѡ
ֻ̫Ҳ˲ѣҶ췢ףϢҶ˳ɾͣҲͲݴ½ˡ
ҶҲֻ֪̫˽Ӷ磬ȻҲһЩ˽̻ᡣ
ֵһǣ콾Ͼţǽ̻ᣬұҪ
˵콾Ͼ̻ĵλ൱Ҷĵλ
콾Ͼŵ츳Ҷ̹ģҲûж⡣
һںѷϢ֮Ҷ졢س硢׿ˡķƵǰʮһλ뿪ݡ
а֮ӡ޳Ҳֱȥˡ
սĻЩţҲʼµˡ
űϾֻţֻгΪǿߣҪġ
һ㣬ڳŶǵĵ·ŸոտʼΪףҪ顣

ʥǷΪǺڳǣݱڳǣڳǾסĵطһĴ
ǣǾסĵط
ǣҲΪȼҶЩϵţסĵطߵȼĵط
ǶһԼĹΧׯ԰кܶྰɫŮźЩŮһŮÿĶУǧ˰̬һܡ
ûʥǣҪ
չΪϵţÿ˶ѡһλֱԼ׾Ϊֹ
úҶԼĹ
ԶһһȺƯŮӭظҶһ񣺡£
£ҶɻƺЩŹ֣ӦýйӲŶԡ
£ϵţֻҪĴΪδĵҲûпܣԶΪ¡ؽ͵
ҶŻȻص˵ͷͬʱҲЩпȻǳǰѾ񼶱ǿߣŮҲһ񾳽磬˿ȴһ㡣
ңҶ֮ǰѾ˽ϢֻҪԸ⣬ЩŮ񼶱ĸԸسΪŮˡ
ĸԸ
ЩŮǣĸԸģ֮ʱѾ˽Щ飬Լѡ
ÿԪ֮ؿ֮ʱµ飬ᱻ䵽𾳽磬ʱͷʼ˭۷壿˭ұ֤ǰ䡣
ԣѡٳΪŵŮˣȫ˱ңܹˣֻҪȥףɾ͸á
ܹһ׵Ůˣǿǵҡ
˵ֻҪһԸŮˣеŮ
ǿ߿ʵ棬Ů˿棬仰֪˭˵ġ
Ҷûô˼Ѿ˶ӣѾ㹻ˡ
£Ҷׯ԰һ·ϣĽܡ
ĹܼңҶһ
ˣ£ǰѾˣڿԸȡһܼ֡ҹ˵
ͽݵɣҶ˼Ƭ̧̣ͷһĨǰĹϣʱɫĴ֡ݵ
ˣҪȥϢˣ飬һɰǰûʲôҪ鲻ҪҡҶܼ˵һ䣬˹֮С
ܼҿҶıӰɵһ˿ʧ䣺²һ̰Ůɫ֮ˣ
ѾҶϢһսĵһ켶š
Ҫּ֪ţϣĿǰҲֻҶһѡ
̶֪Ҷʱͷǳ˷ܺͼϾܹΪּŵŮˣҲõԼԺˡ
Ҷ첢̰Ůɫˡ
ʵϣܹţѹûһ̰Ůɫġ
ЩȴϲŮɫǲȻҶ첢ˣܼЩʧ
ЩŮҲʧԸˣΪıǰһǿߡ
Ҳÿ˶ԼѡôЩŮϲǿߣǺ顣
ϲŮһⶼǺġ
Ҷעʧˡ
ҶĿģΪԼʵԼøǿ

빬֮УҶȡԼƣϢѾ׸ıˡ
λɽ
Ҷ졣
ԱС
Ϊ磺Բ硣
ص㣺ɽɽϵǵǼǡ
ţຣ
Ǽʱ䣺ɽ237576780980568968
ҶڳΪһսһ֮󣬰ɽ۱Ϊ˰ɽĹˡ
һ㶼ǰɽۺ֮еĽܳܵһ㲻ܣҲƵҶΪ׵ʱ򣬾ͻᱻɽΪˡ
ţĿǰֻһƺţȵҶ׾֮󣬾ͻְʱְλȨ
ԼϢ֮Ҷ콫ԼƲ¼ȥ
Ҷ졭šȨޡһһϵеϢĻ˸Ƭ̣Ҷ
ҶţȨ޸λͬһȨޣںܸߵȨˡ
ҶɨһĻݣܶò࣬ݸӷḻˡ
ңҶ̵꣬濴˺ܶƷ𵶵䣬ƪŲ㷷
һҶ췢һЩϢԭһսĽ
սһһǧ
츳켶һǧ
ǰ㣬ʮ
㣬١
ߵ˲㣬ǧ
ţʸѡһλޣֱŽ׾硣
ۿ״Բǿ죡

ЩϢнһЩҶõʸ֤һЩصϢ
Ҷ춼ϸϸؿˡ
УҷǳҪΪһҾ൱һڼƷʯߵĻҵλ֮ͨ佻õģҲֻԷš
ҶһǧʮңһʼƷʯƸԳԽЩˡ
Ȼ޷ϾЩ׻̫ˣôʱ䣬۵ĲƸȻǳ¡
ҶѾˣΪ㹺ƪĻ𵶵䣬ҲֻҪһٶҡ
ò˵ѡѡˡ


1184 ѡ
ҶۿԼյϢ󲻾ã޳а֮ҲƵͨҶֱӿһƵ飬һˡ
ôʲô𣿡ҶЦʵ
ͬԽĵطܶࡣ
Ҷ죬жңⶫһͼֵһڼƷʯֵ̫Ǯˡ޳˵
4330ңأҶ˵
ǣ޳а֮ӶĬˣ漴Լͬ̾˿
Ҿ˵϶޳Ц
ֻټʮа֮˵
ҺˣҲһټʮأһȣԶˡ޳̾
ǿҪŬˣȻսˣǴݻнģ߲㵽ھŲ㣬ÿһ㶼һǧңҾǿõǧҡҶЦ˵
а֮Ӻͽ޳ԣսʱǣǵ츳ǲУʱ̫ˡ
ڣսѾˣѾþʱˣдѵʱҪ׷Ҷѣ׷ǰ˻Ǻпܵġ
ˣҶ죬мʱԹۿ״Բǿߣа֮ͻȻʵ
죬أҶ˵
ֱˡ޳Цֻһ죬˰Ŷֻһ죬ذ죬죬죬츳ﵽ޵мһ죬ﵽ켶ٽһ죬һֽһ죬ʱ䡣
޳̶Ľλ޵мţҲֻʱ䣬Ҫ֪Щ״Բǿߣɶǽ˴Բ磬ۿǾֱӹۿһǱ֮ҪǿˡȻ򣬻սͿԼѡˡ
սȥģΪǸһѡ򣬱ϾǶҪ񾳽ˡа֮˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ֻҪǴﵽ񾳽֮ҲʱսٶҲӱȻǲһЩ
˵ţֻҪﵽ񾳽֮󣬶ȥһЩ紳׼ʱȥ޳˵
ʵսҲȱ٣ҽ񾳽֮Ҳ׼ȥЩ硣Ҷ˵ͷ
һȥˣǵõңҪתΪԴʵ
ҶҲʼƷڵƷʵ̫ˣ׼еֻǼ۸ֲ̫ˣҲֻܿ۲ѡ
һЩ켶ĵҩһֽ͵쵤켶ҩٷ֮ٽλ׾磬Ǽֵߵĺܿ¡
Ȼֵҩиãһʹֵҩ֮㼴ΪףҲֻԶλף޷һʵ
ԣһ츳׵ˣѡֵҩֻһЩ׵ģŻѡֵҩϧּĵҩҲʲô˶ġ
Ҷ쿴һɽ͸һƷʯ𵶵ƪ㡣
𵶵ƪŲ㣬Ѿȫˣڲ㣬㹻һʱˡҶ찵뵽
Ҷ׼һЩϾҲܹʵ
Ҫ֪սǲʹģھûԼˣǿܹʵкܶࡣ
ңδһʱ䣬Ҷ춼񾳽磬ѡĵȻ
Ҷ̵֮ǹͣࡣ
ΪŽףһŽǿ
򣬴󲿷ʹõ϶һססףϵģǾͺˡ
ΪֵһңɲһԸġ
Ľ׵ļֵʮңҪʮңױҪһٸң߽׾Ҫٸˣ˽Ҫһǧҡ
ŽҪһҡ
ô󣡡Ҷ첻ɵüͷ빺һŽ׵Ժڽ׾֮ǰͲҪˡ
ãЩ㹺򣬵ʱ㲻ҪˣԻȥһңֻҪٷ֮һˡ
Ҳ˵㻨һǧҹһ˽׵ô㽫ȥʱֻܵõŰپʮҡ
ʷʹʶ͵ز٣Ҷ˼һ£ˣǱҪģϾҾʵģôŲá
£Ҷȿʼ鿴Щ˽׵ĵ
գҶѡһѽѪİ˽ӵǿʹʶνһá
ѵҲǳҪһǧٸҡ
ǼԣҶҧҧ乺ˡ
֮ҶֻǧңֱսսףҲǰ˽ס
УսʶֻҪϣԶطס˵ʶ
ս׵ʷǳǿԱסҶˡ
ҶĵˣƵ񾳽֮󣬾λҲ֮һսˡ
ΪҶ츶ǧٸңֻʣ°˰ٶˡ
Ҷر̵꣬ûмˣЩҪţԷһ
ҶʹһϵͳϢʼѡˡ
ϵţоһЩλ׼ǿߣָʲôͣʲô嶼УϵԼѡ
ͬʱԱ߻ʾϢΪʲôҪЩϵλ׼Ļԭ
Ҫ֪һ˱ûΣУһûΣУҪˡ
Ϊأ
ΪţǶлΪףһеǿߣҲλס
ţ˵Ǻ£Ƕڵж˵ȴǻ¡
Ҫ֪ߴвǺжԵġ
ԶĲ˵ħ򣬱㶼ǺжԵģһѪħ򣬼УϵţܵĲϧһд۵İɱ
ϣÿһսеʮţһ˱Ǳǿɱ
Ҫ֪⻹λ׸°ɱġ
ɴ˿ɼΣճ̶ˡ
ȻҲɳְɱţҶǻవɱɱҼţҲҪɱţһꡣ
Ҷ켶ţΣߣȻҲȻӴ󱣻ȡ
ҪһóܺͱײСҶһЩǵϢһ߰뵽
ϵȻ󣬵ҪλϵǿߣҲǲܵģЩ׿ɲȥһš
Ҷ켶ţҲûʸ
ֻλס
ЩλףҲǺǿģϾЩǿλףܷʱ䣬Щš
ԣѡʱ򣬾Ҫرעˡ
ɣҶĿĻһӰһķǳߴ󣬼ʵĹͷӡ
ɣһսĵһ׿һ壬̩̹壬ǳֲ塣
ңǸ⣬ʱľȻ
ƾ츳ټ򣬾һЩλףɱɡ
ҲΪʲôҶѡˡ


ڶʮһ 


1185 
Чʷǳ죬ҶոչûãѾ˽ˣλҲ֮ˡ
£ĸߴҶôߴһͭɫսףһͷ˶ɢһ˵ϢϢѾ򼴱ҶҲѵֵ
ǰҶ켴ɣؿҶ΢Ц˵ԷȻ˵ô˵Ҳһλףվ۷壬㵱Դ
ǺǣȻˣҲˣͽҶˣҲؽǰɴˣ켶ţֻҪԿ̤׾磬ƽ۽áЦһ˫ɫӣеĳ⡣
ȻҶ죬ȻѾ̽ҶϢλŲͬ켶ţ츳ߣҲصһλš
֪λϵı⣬ﻹλҶ죬ֻһûҶ֪ˡ
ɴ룡Ҷ˵ͷɽ빬ԸܼϾƲˣдλס
Ҷ죬Ҿֱ˵ˣȻұ㣬ֻ硣ǴЩؾҾ޷ȥˣϾʼұҲûĥıҪˣֱӴʥǾͺˡֱ˵
Ըˬʣһֱֱ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵һҲ֪ʲôԵİȫҪȫʵɴģҲΪѵġ
ǲױЩϵţֻΪ˷ֹǱĸɱϾЩĸ֣׼ģǳƽûĥıҪ
ҶͬǿߵУһЩΣյؾ֮УǾ͹ֲˡϾҪΪһǿߣעҪЩΣաһǿߣǴһδĥ֮ģǿߵıؾ֮·
֪ͺáɵ˵ͷ漴Ц˵һս̩̹ðһ׿˵ţΪõһû뵽ͻȻⰡǺǣ
׿ҲҶ˵ͷȴǷǳĽ̩̹ݴ½Ҫǿˣײһ೬ţ棬Ⱥ֮һ
üֲεǿߣ̩̹һλҲǿߡ
ʲôʱݴ½ҪʵǾܰˡ
ˣɴ磬óʮʽİɣҶͻȻʵ
ɱž޸ֳ̩̹壬ǿ󣬻϶ʮʽġ
ʲô𣿡Цʵ
ֻǺ棬׿ҲʮʽģѾʼˡһսģģΪɴȴأҪ֪ʮʽǹǿսӦӦǻٲҲŶԣĹӦİɡҶ˵
ԲɵùЦ
Ҷȴһɻ֮ɫ
Ҷ죬֪Ϊͻ򣬻һΪ𣿡ͻȻʵ
⡭Ҷһ㶣ֻ֪Щĵȼ֣ȴǲ֪Ϊ֣˵ӦǱȽǿǿЩֵһ򣬲űΪİɡ
ǰղŵ˵ĹôӦñһŶԣΪͬأɼʵ
ΪбưɣҶ˵
ҡҡͷ˵ҿȷظ㣬ȻǶôǵĹͷһǿû˭˭ǿһʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨һû˭˭ǿһǵĹһǿ󡣡
ǹϵǰϵ߽ľˮϵǵĹͷһġΪˣǲűΪͬһ𡣡
˵
⡭ҶЩš
𣿡Ц˵ʵ⣬ͬһȼķǲֻͬԶѡڻָƣԸѾȥˣ򼸺˵ǲ֮ѱɱлĹʵǿ󣬵ΪлһеԣȻԻУҲ޸ԲԵĹǿ󡣡
ҶԳĬˣǵһ˵ԷףȻ
ɿų˼Ҷ죬˵ҾٸӸô˵ɣһλ԰һԶôһλĻ򣬶ֻܽһԶǵĹͬ԰ɡ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ɼ˵˵˵ˣӵлһеԣȻֻͬǰһԶȴѻָԽԽأ𽥻޸
ô丽ԣ㱻еĵطȥͬѻָƳ̶Ƚڻ򡣡
ûַƻǿˡ
ɽ͵
ҶˣֶĹһֻɵĽͬ
ԭˣ
ҶһȻ֮ɫ
˵ʩչʮʽĹʩչʮʽĹһֻɵƲͬѡĺôлĺô˵ѡͬѡЦ˵
лɴָ㣬ȻҲˡҶ칧һм˵
ЦŰ˰֣˵ǳԵĵһ׶֪һЩֻҪȥЩξ֪ˡ
ΣҶɻ
ЩеףϲΣֻҪİϵԸȥΣʱСһ¾֪ˣõĻ㻹԰ʦ츳ֻҪԸʦ󲿷׶ԸΪͽġЦ
ŶһҪȥǿ߽ΣǿɲܴҶæͷ
ȻܴЩҽεףɶλףһĴҪõЩ׵洫ҪʦġϾʦͽϵܵġ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ֮ʦͽϵɲЩ˼ʦͽϵΪ޾ʦͽһʱҲԶһǿǱȸӹϵҪ׽
ˣ㻹ûȥۿ״Բǿ߰ɣЩ˿ɶǻŵĶǧܵˡ˵
ʱۿ׼Ƚ񾳽磡Ҷ˵
УȥۿۿʵǴҪģؼϵţʸΪʦ츳ʦɹĻܴҪǰݵǿΪʦǺôͲҶ˵˰ɡ
Ҷһû뵽ôҪָ㣬»ǲ֪
ԪޣıӣŲȥǻΪǲǣʱ츳ٺãҲδܹʦɹ˵
лɴָ㣬ȥҶæ˵
ǴȻܴ


1186 ʦ
޳а֮ӣȥۿ״Բǿߡڵõɵ֮Ҷæ¼ϵ޳ˡ
ңҶ콫ɵĻҲ˵һ顣
˺һݴ½ⷽ˽٣Զ־ϲʹĺûˡ
£Լãǰۿ״Բǿߡ
޳а֮ӵ츳˿Щ״Բǿ߿϶óʱпܻᱻΪӡҶ찵뵽
ú˱ʥڳڴϡ
Ҷ죬Ҹղѯ˰ݵϺ·ѾȥˣǻΪ֪Ծû֪ͨǣǶѣǾʹԵˡ޳µ˵
Ҳҵ֪ˣţݴ½֪̫ˣԺö˽һЩϢҶ˵ͷ˵
߰ɣѾˣٵȥЩ״Բǿ߸ˡа֮Ӵߴٵ
˵ڳǣȻֻʸסǣΪţʱʸڳǣֻڳǾסˡ
Ҫ֪ʥȻӶ̻ҲסǱϾģԶԴ棬϶кܶչˡ
٣µǿߣֻŲܽӶ̻ȴûʸġ
״Բǿߣվ۷壬ÿһ˶Լסɽ壬ӴӰԶҲܹõ
׾ʱһµɱ䣬øǿ󣬶ͻ÷ǳ޴
Ϊʲôɽۣгüǵ壬ǳߴԭˡȻΪС壬ĻҲǳ޴
ҵλ콣ףԾ͸Ƿֱˡ޳˵գŲԶһɽȥ
Ҷа֮ӸԶܹܵɽ֮͸ǿ󽣵ϢȻһλ۷ס
෴Ҷа֮Ӷ𵶵ģһͬǰһλ𵶵ɽ塣
һͨɫɽ壬ɽֻʮӰѣ߸ףЩǿ߶λ״Բǿߵͽܡ
ͽ֮еףҲ״Բǿܹõ
Ҷа֮ǰݷã˵⣬ڼǵϢ֮һλƵشǰɽ
ȻܷУʾλ״Բǿߵ𾴡
Ҷ죬츳ǿʦ϶ΪͽģԺҾʦֵˡа֮ӣ츳ҲʦͽĻҲܴ󡣡λЦ˵ΤСĵӣһֱףԽ쿴Ҷа֮ӵǳˡ
Τ壬λ״Բǿߵ֡
ΤһգҲһȽǿȺȻȲ̩̹壬ҲСϾһλ״ԲǿԱ֤Ԫ㲻ˡ
Ҷа֮Ӹλ񣬺ܿɽȻ񣬰ݼΤס
Ҷа֮ӵİݼλΤҲ¶ʵݣһɵľˣɽϿյ֮Уֻ޴۾ӳǺӵϸشҶа֮Ӷˡ
Ҷа֮ӶʱܵһɽϢϢϢʧĺܿ죬ǵ嶼Ҫˡ
ʵ̫ˡ
ҶãλΤֻҪǡ
״ԲǿߣҶа֮Ӱļº͸̾
ÿһ״ԲǿߣһֶԲľ磬˵ǾǶ
λΤףǽ˴Բ磬ֻҪԸ⣬ݻĻ򣬱֮ԭʼҲܹͥ
ΪˣǲܳԽ棬شﵽľ磬ˣҲ
Сһ츳ܲǿԸΤ¡Τ׿ɽСҶа֮ӣʱ
ʱһĻˣֻΧĻԪѸһȻʵʻأ¶Χ
У
Ҷа֮Ӷʱѡ
УҲֻ״Բǿ߲õΪ˵ǾǷչһǶ
ǲ飬֮еס
Ĵڡ
Ը⣡а֮Ӵ֮лָæվ۷ǿߣȻǳĽԷ˻𵶵ĴڣȻʦˡ
أΤ׵˵ͷа֮Ӿߵ֮ȻЦݵؿҶ죬Ȼа֮ӵ츳Ҳֻ˵ǿ£ǿҶϣҲδػа֮ӣϾµĵѾˡ
Ը⡭ҶȻҲԸ⣬¿ͷȻ˫ȣȴôҲȥô˰С
⡭Ҷ컹ΪΤ׸ɵģ̧ͷȥϾǰΤףΤ׳֣˭㡣
ΤһЩɵؿŲԶĸߴӰɵó˵üĪҲԴӶˣֻҶ֮ˣʸΪͽһֻԼԸ
ˣ㲻ʺΪͽֻû츳ԶǾ߸ߴӰ߽Ҷа֮Ӷʱϳˣλսĳü
üʵΤ׸ҪǿܹϢ֮䣬ҶֹҶʦ
üʵȻǿĲǻ𵶵䣬ǵǿߣ㣬ҸʺϽ̵Ҷ졣ңܹڵ泬ԽҵˣԲˣѵ̵Ҷ죿Τ׳
ȻüʵǵλΤ֮ϣȻ塣
Ȳ˵ͬһҾȻǳüĶ֣Ϊ״ԲǿߣüҲɱ
ҲûҪҶ죬ֻ˱㣬ңʺΪͽü΢Ц˵
Ŷ˵˭Τ׶ʱ˵ΪüҶأû뵽üȻ˶ġ
Ҫ֪üһλ߰Խ״ԲǿߣҲŽǰʮǿ۷ڰ
˭ָܹӶ
ʥ𣿻ʥ֮µĵ۾
Τ׺֮ʱնʱһǰδеĺƴϢͻȻϯܲʥǡ
찡
˵Τףʥڵǣȫ
ʥǰʥ˭ô޼ɵҲ̫˰ɡ
һ˲䣬Щ֮ΰǣһȫĿ⳯Τڵɽ͸Ӷ
ʱΤ׵Ķ֮УѾ۳һŻɫľ޴ףɢһɿֲĵϢޱߵĻ֮ʥǶڲ
ΤСһͽøϷɣ
ɫľ޴ףſͣЩ˻Ƶ˵
ŷ۾Τ忴߻ɫףʱһ֮ɫ


1187 ŷ۾
ΤΤСһ
ɽϣҶа֮ǻɫ޴˵ĻʱĿɿڴ͡
Τ˭
ǿ״Բǿߡ
ΤҲǰһ
ⲻ츳ǰһ٣ʵǰһ棬Ҳǰһǧǿߡ
Ѿ˵վ۷ˡ
ϾߴȺ飬ܹô֮ǰһǧʵ֪
ңΤҲ֪˶ٸԪԼˡ
ɽۣѾ˶ٶԪΤǰҲֻСӶѡΤ׳Ϊ״Բǿʱɽ۶δ
ڣһλƾõΰףȻ˻Сһ
Ҷа֮𾪵ĲŵǣΤһɫľ޴ףʱԭŷǰû뵽ҶСһܹǰУĺ
һԲǿߣȻ˵
ʥеЩףȴû˶Цǻɫľ޴׹Щͳüһε޵ߣҲˡ
λǰ˭ʥҲˣ
Ҷа֮кȻ
Ҷ죬ΪλǰΪͽģ־ϲ
ϲǲ˵λǰܹʥǣʥ֮˹񣬾˵ʵλ
Ҷ𾪵ľǣȻ츳Ҳǿɡ
Ͼ켶ţܹﵽü̶ȾѾܲˣҪϣѾ츳ˡ
ҪһҪһǻۣԪĥ
츳ҪﵽǸ̶ȣǲõġ
ȵȡһԵа֮ͻȻͫһжҶ촫˵Ҷ죬㹺𵶵ʱɻǵǺע𣿡
עͣҶüͷЩɻ󣬲֪а֮Ϊʱ𵶵ע͡
Ҷ
𵶵ּսȻȱעͣϾҪ֪һЩϢӶù֪ǲԼս
ȵȣͻȻҶͫһ
𵶵ʱעͣ˴սǰ񡭡ŷ۾
찡
Ҷа֮Ӷһۣǵһ
˵ǰλǰǴ𵶵λΰڡ
ѹֳü˵λǰʺϽ̵Ҷ졣
ҲԣҶѧϰǻ𵶵䣬λŷ۾Դģ˭ܱʺϽ̵Ҷ죿
ңҶа֮ӿɶ𵶵ּսͲ࣬Լֻʮš
ֻдﵽ߾磬ҲǳüΣܴս
ΤǿߣҲֻǽսʮ˲Բ磬ȴûʵȼս
оǣҶа֮ӵرע𵶵սǿˣڿʮʽȭ
ʮʽǴλ𴴳սһ˭Ҳ޻˵
ȭˣĵʥ
۷ͷֳĿֲڣȭȻǿڶ
ǻ𵶵ˡ
ɴ˿ɼλŷ۾Ƕôǿ
ǵõμսʱҶ쾪ڳüʵ¼һ¡
óۣ״Բ֮ϣ硣
ֱǣߡ۾ʥ
ֻλʥһλʥһλӶĴʼˣλųǿĴڡ
̻ĴʼˣʵȻҲǿȴֻǵ۾磬һȲλŷ۾
λŷ۾ǿߡ
ʱλŷ۾ĻɫףĬĬشɽϵҶ죬˵ϷԵΤСһߵСӣ츳Ҳǳ¿ˡúĻҲﵽĳ̶ȣһҲ˵
ʲô
Τ֮ɫ漴Ҷߵа֮ӣֻ۾ӳ޾Ǻӡ
֮ǰôϣҶ죬ΪҶ츳ܸߣлﵽ̶ȣﵽüǸ硣
ʱʦͽ˶״Բǿ֮еһѻ
ʦͽ֣Կüڻˡ
а֮ӣܹΪλףǾѾܲˡ
ŷ۾Ȼ˵а֮츳ܸߡ
ҪǻɱˣΤ׿϶ţŷ۾˭˵Ļ˭ɣ
£Τ廳žϲ飬ŷ۾˵лŷǰָ㣬ˡ
Ҫ֪Ĵ㣬а֮֮󣬹Ҳֻ⽻µĵӽ̵ѣԽ̵
ڣŷ۾Ȼ˵ˣôûпа֮ӵ츳ҲԽ̵а֮ӡ
һµӽ̵һԼԽ̵мĲжɵҲ
а֮ӴʱҲɵöŷ۾мΤָУǼԪʹˡ
ŷ۾ЦΤСһ㻹ûз֣ҲգϷףָһ¡
˵գŷ۾ָа֮ӣ˵С츳һ㣬ϣ²֪ǧꡣ꣬ôҲܹΪۼţкܴܳΪ޵мš
ǧ꣡
Τ־ϲȻʲôž޴Ǳ
ǧ꣬з۷츳׿ˡسһʮ꣬ô츳Բǲ١
Ǽ񵽱ˡ
Τװϲѡ
СһԸϷΪʦŷ۾Ҷ쵭Цž޴Ļɫף˿Ҳ۳һ߸ߴΡ
һλߣͷɢҵڼϣԵѲһ˫Һɫӣ·޵Ԩ˲ԾؾͳУ޷԰Ρ
Ӱݼʦ𣡡Ҷæ
ϻΰĴͽ˭᲻Ӧ
Ҷֲɵˡ
ǿ̵߽ټıӻԺ˭ҵ
ܺãŷ۾Ҷʦ񣬶ʱ¶Цݡ
ΧЩǣһĽؿҶ죬֪Ҷ츳ټŷ۾ָ㣬СԺĳɾͲ
˵Ҷ᲻ǰ˶ҡҡͷŷ۾Ȼͽ϶ͽ̵ú·һ˵ΣպС
ǳüεǿߣԼͽ̵·Ǻڽǰ䡣
Ͼ磬ܽ˸
ȻĶʵԽǿ󣬸ѶȱԽ
üεǿߣֻҪǸһףǻ϶Գܡ
Ȼ֮治УЩԻһкۼ޷
ֶֻǳϡ٣ֻҪرùһ㶼
ңŷ۾϶Ҷ챣ıټİбҶҪ䶼ѡ


1188 ʦ
ʦ֮Ҷŷ۾뿪ˣа֮ӱΤ
ǰʦĺôֻҪʦˣʦסʥڳǡ
ȻҲʱȥ

Ҷа֮ӰʦɹϢܿʹʥǣһսеȫ֪ˡ
Щʸʥǵţ֪ǰݵʦǳĽ
Ҫ֪ϣܹݵ״ԲǿΪʦţǳϡ١
ŷ۾ѾܶԪûͽˣϵۡ
ԣһӣҶ˹עĶ
Ͼһսĵһ
һݻĹ֮С
Ҷ죡سҧս˫ȭʡ
Ϊ޵мţһλΪʦҲ𵶵ߣʵȳü١
˷ܣڣҶȴŷ۾ΪʦͲ˵ˡ
սҶ졣
ǱˣôƽϣҶ춼𵶵ģֶǵǿߣȻⲻʱȡ
ȴҶһ㣬Ȼġ
ûϵݵʦΣΪǿߣɲʦָˣһᳬԽġس簵뵽
гս⡣

׿˵֪ʱҲ𾪡
һﰡǰĿ꣬ҵ͸ʮˡ׿˴Ц
һԵһ׳͵ص˵ͷ˵׿ˣ̬ܲҪ֪ǲŸո𲽣Ժĳɾ͸ߵͣڻҲҪ׾Сԣڸذɶ֣ɡ
һλߣ̩̹λߣ볤üͬ
׿˼Ȼ츳ȻᱻΪͽܣҲ

ڳǣһľ֮С
ķƺһλŮϯضŮӿ˲ãڳΨһһλŮߣƣԲſķơ
ʱҲ֪Ҷʦŷ۾Ϣ
Ů׸̾ٸԪ˰ҲμսʥʱŷǰѾǾǿˣôԪͽܣΪֹҲֻʮ˸ͽܣû뵽һξȻͽˣҶ컹˲ð
ķͫһ˵ͷ˵ҶȷҲ硣
Ů׿ķһۣЦ˵ܺãܹԼĲ࣬ûбеĲʿƣ־޵м츳õģŷ۾ʮ˸ͽܣҲǳΪߣеûгΪ״ԲĵӣȴҲдﵽ״Բǿߣ㽫δػ
֮ڰȡ̤׾磬ʱ򣬲Щʱ򡣡Ů˵
ķƵ˵ͷ

һŵ֪£мʣвʣĽ
ʥǣעΪһֶ䶯Ҷ졣
սһһ׻ûпЩ״ԲߣôעҶ졣
ڣҶΪŷ۾ͽܣǾȫעˡ
ʥ̲ס˴һҶϢ
ŷ۾ϻƣСҲˣȻ츳ܹ㿴У²ô򵥰ɡ
ǺǣΪռһϵӡѰԪͽܰŷ۾ЦŴ
ʲôռϵӡʥԲݣȻռʲôϵӡִʲô
˵Ҷкܴﵽ̶ȡ
Ƕ򣬶˵顣
Ҫٶһλεǿߣôʹߴ֮еĵλǿܶࡣ
ԴӵıҪǿʥɫص˵
ֳ£ҷġŷ۾˵ͷʥʶ̫ˣ֮ΣѾһС

ڳǣһҰɽϣɽϵĹֻ࣬ʮֻ͸ǿϢס
Ҷŷ۾ʱɽϵλףѾӭˡ
Ӱݼʦ𣡡λİףŷ۾
ضҲΪʦյĵӣԺǵСʦˣҪչˡŷ۾˰֣˵
Ҷλʦ֣Ҷæ
𾪵ǣλʦֵʵֲ̫ˣ˶ǳüĲΣһҲΤ׵ĲΡ
⡭Ӷôǿֲ̫ˡ
뵽ŷ۾ݣҲȻˡ
ǺǣڶһλСʦˡ
СʦܣģԺ˭۸㣬ͷ
СʦܣҾͲСʦˣٺ٣

İһҲûãҶ컥ʶ
Ҷ֪λ׷ֱʦ֡ʮʦ֡ʮʦ֡
Сʮʦ֣ǻ£ҲȰɽ۶öˡ
һŷ۾ɽƽ̹Ҷϯضûʲô⡣
̶ȣѾһУǹ̡
ϾǶѾ̫ˡ
Ҷ죡
ŷ۾󣬿Ҷ죬˵ΪʦΪֹһʮ˸ͽܣǵʮŸ
Ҷ찵뵽ɽϵʮ¾ʮλʦ־סĵطɡ
Ȼŷ۾Ҳ˵ҲȥɽһطһԺʱԾס
ǣʦ𣡡Ҷ칧صͷ
ŷ۾˵Щ飬ȸ㡣ҺʥֹȷҪʥǣػĴӪΪʦҪڰսҲ̵ֻͨǡ
Ҷš
սǰУߴĻҴսʱ飬Ҷ׼
ս۷ս
ΪΪʦսʦǣҲսսԺܶ඼䡣
˵ŷ۾̾˿ȻЩˣ漴˵ڣֻʣλʦˣֱϴģоǰߡʮʮ塣
Ҷ΢΢һû뵽ŷ۾ʮ˸ͽܣȻֻʣˡ
ƺҶɻŷ۾˵㲻þȣЩӸ̫Զˣμӹྪ춯صĻսʵǿȻǵжԷԵĶҲǺġ
ƽʵϣѾսǵ֣߳ˣҲ֪˶ǿߣΪʦεǿߣҲ˺ܶࡣ
ŷ۾л˵
ߣ
Ҷһ
˵ߡ
ȻڻΪߣߣǿεǿߡ
ֻǣʸΪߡ
Ҳ֪ʧߣǲǾԼǰ
ˣȥɣҺǵСʦ̸̸ܵŷ۾˵գһԵҶλʦ˵
ʦ𣬵Ӹǣ
λʦֶʱˡ
ɽϣʱֻʣҶŷ۾ˡ
Ҷ죬ռǷδǰˣͻȻŷ۾˵
Ҷʱɫһ䣬ʧɫ


1189 ռ
ؾȣռȻжܻ·ģΪʦ棬ǵǿ֮ˣ᲻֪ռսҲռ
ɫҶ죬ŷ۾Ц˵
ҶԻȻ򣬲ʦͷˣҪڵĳɾͣΪ⣬¾ǰλʦǿˡ
ʦҲռҶ첻ɵúʵ
ŷ۾ҡҡͷЦҵ֮󣬲֪ռĴڣϧʱѾ޷ռˡֻ֪δǰռϵӡһɽ޷ϵӡ
Ҳӵȷδ֮ǰռȻһ·ţֱ̤񾳽󣬲ϵӡҶ˵
ΪʦƲȻûдŷ۾̾Ϊʦ֪ռ֮һֱΪźԺص¼ͽܣҪռȻǶɹˣȴ޷ϵӡ
ѵʦûδǰռ𣿡Ҷ첻ɵʵ
ŷ۾ЦɵͽΪռôΪʦϣܹδǰռһûгɹҪ֪ǿɶ޵мţȻȴûһ˳ɹ
ҶüԼĪռҲ֪еѴ
ߵ·ȷѡ
ûôҲܳɹ
ԣοѾϵӡΪʦŲòԵΤСһ㡣ŷ۾˵ЩΣִڣǺٺƤͽܵġ
ʦ㲻ûռô֪ϵӡҶ
ŷ۾Ц˵ΪʦԪȻ޷ռȴһֱռѾռݵһΪĵزҽΪռ䡷
ռ䣡
Ҷ۾һ
ܹá䡱ݣǾ𵶵һս
ϧȻΪʦռ䣬ȴһֱûҵˣֱ֣ΪʦԸŷ۾˵գȡʮ˿޴ʯҶǰ
Ҷʱɴ۾Щʯ棬ԵһŹֵĻ棬鲻Խؾȥˡ
ʮ˿ʯǴռʮ˸磬ܹȫôܹ״Բ硣ҲΪʦΨһܹˣҪΪߣߴﵽΪʦ磬ԽΪʦﵽʥǸΣǶҪԼȥˡ
ŷ۾ͣһ£˵״Բ·Ϊʦ԰㣬ҪΪ߻ߵ۾ʥǶҪԼ˭Ҳܰͨõķ򣬾𶼰ﲻ㡣
ˣҶæصͷܹõռ䣬Ѿˡ
Ҫ֪ҶԼҲ֪ҪòһԺΪףҪѳɰǧԪС
ڣŷ۾ѾΪˣҪģǰͰȻ״ԲʱٴԼĵ·
Ҷа̾ȻиţƵʦ𣬺ôʵ̫ˣǽʡԪʱ䰡
Ҫʹ߶·
Ҷ죬ռǿĵһ㣬ΪʦƲģ㿪Ҳ˵ġΪʦڴܸߣϣ㽫ԳԽΪʦпܵĻΪʦϣܹΪ𡣡
ŷ۾˫ҵضҶ˵

ҶԿЦʦԼǸ߰𰡣Ԫѹûеڶλɡ
ʥǸΣҲֻ˶ѡ
ҪΪʵ̫ˡ
뵽Լʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ҶлЩĵģǵõռ䣬ʡԼʱ䡣
Ϊδǲܵġ
Ҷ쵱صص˵ͷ˵һʦʧġ
Ҳ̫ѹֻΪʦʵϣֻҪܹΪߣ㹻ˣܹﵽΪʦ̶ȣΪʦҲˡŷ۾Ц˵Ҳ֪ΪѣʥѣͳΪʥˡ
ռȻǿ󣬵ȴߣԺҶҪΪߣҲǳѣȱ˶ѡ
ռŷ۾ΪֻҪҶһΪߣ¾ǿߣ۾⡣
ռĿֲ֮
ǣʦ𣡡Ҷ˵ͷ
ˣӦϽ񾳽磬񾳽磬ʱռҲˡʲô⣬ʱѯΪʦ߷Ϊʦһֱڴ˵ءŷ۾˵
ǣʦ𣡡Ҷ˵ͷڵȷҪ񾳽ˣѹΪѾûʲôôˡ
ھҪһͻƣȻʵ׾硣
ʥڲɽ٣һλʦִȥɽٰɡŷ۾˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ǡ
뿪ɽ֮Ҷȥɽϵһڰݷһ£Щȥʦ֣Ҳȥһ㣬ŷ۾˶ͷ
Ҷɽ£һٲԱߣһ
ɽϵλʦ֣ǵףأҴ
ʦܣǶɽʥ֮ٽжɽ٣ʱħ淨ϣаʦЦ˵˫һʮŲɫʥǳ貣ҫ۶Ŀ
ɽʥ
ҶԶݣ鿴ǼƷıﰡ̵ģֵʮң͵̫ˡ
лʦ֣Ҷæлǳ͵ȴǲƴǣҲֻܸлˡ
ʮʦЦ˵֪Ҫɽ٣ҺʦֶСʦ׼˶ɽٵı͵ѪҵʦִսʱʦɱһͷҳûȡһЩѪҺ㽫ԡ壬ʹøǿ󣬵ʱʱõ
Ѫ
һ
Ҷʱм
ʱ½Ψһһѵ裬ҪʯգǷǳġ
ǣܹɶͿжôǿˡ
ҶȻԼѾ㹻ǿˣϾӵʥ壬Ѫԡ壬ô彫ӿֲ
Ҫ֪֮ףߵȼ塣
Щһײεǿߣһ壬Ļ壬ͳ塣
ѪҲǹϵģõѪҺ
Сʦܣʦֺʮʦָ׼ĶɽٱҲ֪ʲôˣһ۰ɡһۣ൱һλλ׵ٶȣԺȥͰͷˡ
ʮʦЦ˵
лʮʦ֣ҶæлǸ·ĺöɽۣҲֻӵһһ۶ѣ۵ļֵһҲȶɽʥѪ
ˣСʦܣھʹȥɽ١ʦЦ˵
Сʦܶɽ٣ȻҪȥۿǺǣʮʦЦ
Сʦһζɽ٣׾磬ɾûˣȻܴʮʦҲ˵


1190 
ʥһƬ֮УҶڶУ˫ӡһֲӡʦ͸Ķɽʥ
̫ˣҶÿһ㣬оԼ·һΡ
˵һʼҶ걻һңôɽʥ֮ǲұ㳹ʧˡ
ȡ֮һ͸ꡣ
ҶоԼѾ񾳽磬궼λˡʮ֮Ҷڽɽʥ̾վ
ɽʥ̫ˣҲѹֵּôңȻ
Сʦܣʹ͸ѪˡԶʮʦֵЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ȡѪֱӶԼͷ¡ЩɫѪҺǳ֣ƺճҶϣһƴꡣ
ţ
Ҷüͷһ壬о˾ҵʹ
ЩѪ·һһ㣬ϵش֮̽УֱǧлҪֲ־ǿ󣬿¶Ҫ̲סгˡ
ˣЩѪȫҶ֮·𱻶뵽ҽ֮У¶ͬһտһ㡣
ǣҶܹظоԼڲϵرǿǿоЩֲˡ
ڣҶ嶼һٱͬһһ㡣
Ȼ׵֮˵ǳС
Ǳ֮ǰ飬ҶѾǳˣͬһΡɽ塣
ңҶȫµƤ˽ɫ
һɫƬ˸ųҵ⣬ޱȵҫ۶Ŀ
ڳˣСʦܣڿԶɽˡԶʦֵЦ
壡
Ҷ΢΢ԾԭԡѪܶ壬񾳽һǳǿ壬ͨ޷ӵУһЩǿҲ޷ӵС
ΪҪѪͣÿһͷ׾ģ˭ɱ
ԣҲûж˿Ѫ
ҶҲǰݵŷ۾Ϊʦ˼λǿ󵽱̬ʦ֣ŵõѪ
ϧûѪСʦˡʦ̾
ʦ֣㻹˵ʵȴʦҲʦԻҲ޷ȡѪҺʮʦԿЦ
һԵʮʦҲǰࡣ
ÿһͷҲһλףеߣҲ߾磬ҲǳüǸΡ
ǳϡ٣Ҳһͷѡ
ʦֺʮʦֵʵѾﵽ߲Σ߲Ҳŵȵģ͵ȵߣ֮üһ㡣
ңǸ𣬼򲻹Ҳߡ
ֻʥǿԳ֣ƷһͷõѪ
̫ˣ˭ԸΪһ񣬾ȥɱǿ¾ҪĴսˡ
ԣΪֹҲû塣
Ѿ㹻СʦʹˣСʦܽ׾磬ܹӵ壬ǿɱǿˣûҪһ١ʮʦ˵
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ڴʱշɫ䣬֮϶Ȼ˰׺
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һ̣ҶڲѹԼΪԼϢ޼ɵس֮С
ڰ֮УҲ޷ĸӦӶ»һ١
ٿ˵һˣΪ׾ûٵģʱ𣬱ĽѣٶҪֲˡ
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ԣ㿴ɽλףʵȻǿȴһúڣһѶûС
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٣ֻӲܣ޷ܣС
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ںʱҲ壬ʹԽԽǿ
ȻҲԳܵסһܲס٣Ҳ飬֮ء
٣Ҽǿ٣Сʦܵ츳ԶҶλʦп
Ӵ٣ֱǰδʷϣҲûгֹΡ
Ҷ츳͹ǿˣټ壬Բ˿ֲ١
ʮ׺ÿһ㶼׽٣ǻӿźԶϢѹ
Ҫ֪һţϵţǵҲֻоŲ׺
س硢׿Щ޵мţҲֻʮ˲׺
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ˣһţˣҲǵ۾ĲΡ
䣡䣡䣡
ײϵغҶϣӴҲ·ҪƵġ
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Ҷǿ壬ھһδ׵ĺ֮Ҳܵ˼ޡ
Сʦܲ°ɣʮʦЩ
ްСʦܻܹܡʮҡͷ˵
صģʷϣûгֹšҪ֪棬ҲϣһЩǿţЩ֮µģһһʦ˵
ֻһѰյġʮʦԿЦ
ҲҪ˭Сʦܹʦأ츳޷գʦЦһ
ʮʦּɽеҶ졣
ȻҶֱڣȻ֧ţ·ÿε˼֮󣬶±ŷһµ壬˹
ʮ׺ϵغʮ꣬޾ףûǿգŰʱշ籩
ǻҵ֮УҶǾ߸ߴ壬ȻɢųҵĽɫâ¶嫿ֲϢ
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һɽɫĹӲ֮϶£˺գҶ˶С
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ˮһˮ׵Խ󣬴ˮԽࡣ
ͬԽǿ󣬽յԽࡣ
Ҫ֪汾Դֱʹ͵ҪֱӾӵС
ҪǻԼʯҲ֪Ҫٿʯ꣬ܽԼȫ
ڵ񾳽ˣ
ʱҶҲܵԼɱ䣬ټ϶ɽʥİԼ·汾Դ֮УظܵߵЩ
ԴԴϵع֮ڣš


1191 һ
λ
ٽ֮汾Դ޾Ҷʱƿλ񾳽硣
ʱ޾ȻϵҶڹעȥ·Ҷһ޵׶Ƶġ
ҶܹظӦԼӿȵ̫ˡ
˵֮ǰڵֻһСĻôڵ󺣡
嫵ӿſµܣҶһһɢһĿֲϢ
ĺڰڱֱһֻϣ
Ҷ鲻Խ뷨
Ҳ룬ڰʲôֻͨеһӢѣʸûУοǺҶսһˡ
ңҶʥ壬ټڶ壬֮£ѾʹҶ峬Խһˣ¶ӽ׵ˡ
ͬڣҶѾоԼڵλĳ̶ˣȴڼӡ
˵廹ܸܳ
ҪеЩ֪ͨ»ἵʵѪ
ոս񾳽磬Ȼ˺嫵Ҳ̫ˡ
֣ҲֻСʦλΪСʦܵ廹ûдﵽޣԶҶʮʦֲ
ʦ۾һУ䣬˵Сʦܵʲû壬Ҳλڿ¿λˡ
ոͻ񾳽磬λСʦܿлʶǿ񡣡ʮʦ̾
Сʦܵ츳ټʦĽ̵Ժܴ󡣡ʦֵ˵ͷ˵
λʦ֣СʦܼȻǱЩǿ߲ŹǲӦҲһЩ׼ʮʦֳ˵
ʦߵǷģѾ֪ͨʦˣʦѾ˵ˣᾡϿԺдʦڰбСʦܣҵҪ˭ɱСʦܡ
дʦֱСʦܣǿ϶һʧֻǴ²Сʦ֪Сʮʦ˵
ʮʦֵ˵ͷ
Ҷ첻֪λʦʲôʱѾ֮˺ڰӡ޾ĺڰУʹ˰ɫɢҫ۵Ĺâ
ǿȻҲҪǿ
飬٣
ԣ߶ǿ
ҪӲܶ࣬ͨҰǳӲ
ԣͨɱһ飬ֻҪȫݻپˡ
񣬻ȥʯ
ڵ񣬿ֻ׼ǿ߲ܻ𣬸Ҫġҵ壬ҲǳǿԵסλĹˡ
Ҷ찵뵽
˿̵ǳֲλ񼶱ģ˭Ҳ뵽Ÿոս񾳽硣
ҶڲֻǷ򣬵ķﵽλ񼶱ôͿԽλ񾳽硣
Сʦܣϲɾ񣡡
ϲ

Ҷλʦʱ˲ƶЦףص
ҶҲǳˣݴ½һ·ڵ֮λˡ
񣬿˵ĸ߽飬ϾײεĴڣڰ֮УкС
ң׼ǿߵ̫ǿˣǺս
ԣУռˡ
֮УΪǿ
Ҷ񲻾ú󣬽޳а֮ӣԼһսǣһȫ񾳽硣
Ͼ˵ͿԽ񾳽磬ֻ벻ˡ
Ž񾳽֮󣬱㿪ʼͷˣҶҲˡ
Ϊ񾳽֮ɱĸǿˣʱǲ򣬻ǲսٶȶ֮ǰ౶
Ŷһ߲һ߲սŸսʱ򣬼Լʵ
Ҷһ߲ŷһ߲ŷ۾ڸռ䡣
ڻ𵶵䣬ŷ۾˵ҪˣΪռ֮оͰ˻𵶵䡣
˵ռ֮Уеһеս
Щŷ۾Ԫķеġ
Ҷ˵վھ˵ļϣԼĵ

´Ҵңһ£ܿȥˡ
һһŵʵڣڼ䣬ǵٶȾ
ԣһ֮һЩ˿ʼٿޣѡȥһЩ
ڳǣݡ
׽һһλףαǿݣͬʱŴݡ
س磬Ҫڰ˲㣿һǰˣ¶һ˿Цݣһˣһսţڿʼٴˣڴ
ţس˵ͷ
ڶδݣȻͬڵһΣҪͷһֱ㵽ϴʧܵһ㡣
ðɣϣһγɹһ΢Ц˵漴˻֣ǰسʱʧˡ
һ̣سݵĵڰ˲㡣
Ҳһʧܵĵط
ȴҶɹĵط
һݵĲ࣬ʹҶ˲ֻ࣬ҶıӰ
һΣһҪɹسսȭͷŵ̤УŬһ꣬ȴıһ졣
һˣЩСһڿʼٴˣֻǲ֪һ֮˭ĽһЩһг˺档
սδܹܾãϾЩںڱ͵ġ
˰ţڽ֮ͻȻһ·嵽񣬼ֱ漣
ͬҲţ䵽ǵذ
ȻּʺСÿһսôţһЩ漣ҲǺġ
ͨЩ漣һ߲ڴġ
Ϊ˵漣ţֵ
ΪҪΪףǾҪ漣
˭ܰ漣ܹΪǿߡ
䣡ڴʱ洫һ춯
һ̧ۿȥжʱ¶ЦݣɹˣܺãСӵǺţȥھŲ㡣
ݹʮ㡣
һ㣬Ӧλλλ硣
㣬Ӧλλλ硣
Ų㣬Ӧλλλ硣
ʮ㵽ʮ˲㣬Ӧλסλ׺λ硣
ʮŲ㵽ʮ㣬ǳԽ׾Ĵˣüŷ۾ʥǱǡ
ֻ˵ġ
Щţ񾳽ʱ߲ͨ㡣
Ҷ죬񾳽ʱͨڰ˲㣬츳ˡ
ʥǣжһ˵츳õѡǴݡ
һΣҶ촳˵ڰ˲㣬Ϊսĵһ
䣡ͻȻһ촫
һȵؿȥ΢΢ݵû뵽СӾȻܹڰ˲㣬Źȥһ꣬ĽȻô󡣡
ڰ˲㣬ЩλҲķ˺ܹܶ꣬ͨ
سŽλһ꣬츳ȷ£޵мš
Ϣþ֪ͨЩСһǵĹأ͸ЩСһǻʱȣŸжһ𰵰һЦ漴سͨڰ˲ϢѸٷһսǡ
õϢǣʣȫǷǳ𾪡
Ȼһݻ۶


1192 ٴ
ھŲ㣡
ݵĿһ¶Цݡ
ݣԽԽѡ
ңӦߵȵս
һˣΪλҲδܹ㣬οǵھŲ㡣
ܹ񾳽紳ھŲˣһţǶлɾ֮λЩ˶صĶ
ңسڲλʱҲǱǳ
˭뵽ԺسܹʲôΣ
ӵʮ㿪ʼǾ׾սˣɽֻۣһͨλףĿǰҲֻǴ˵ʮѡ
λس磬Ѿ˵ھŲ㣬Ժѱ񾳽紳ʮ㣬ǳԽ˰ɽۡ
츳һףǾеǿߡ
ţôܲ˹ע
һ֮ڣϢ㴫ʥǡ
ǰسӰͻȻһǰһ
ɫЩƣǿó˷ܡ
ϾһΣ㣬ͨ˵ھŲ㡣
س磬츳ǳߣһҲûиǰ壬δߵĸߡһ͵ؿس˵
ΪףȻϣǿߡ
ţ֪ˡس˵ͷ漴Щź˵ǵʮĶ̫ˣǳֱӱɱˡ
һЦȻӵʮ㿪ʼǵĵˣԵʮһż츳λ񣬻λʱһͨʮ㡣
س˵ͷ漴ȥ

ڳǣһ֮С
׿˶ʱ۾һ˫ɫӣ˸ųҵĹâس羹Ȼȥˣһͨ˵ھŲ㣬Щû£ҲԣҪˣǾͲҵĶ֡
˵գ׿վ뿪ݵķȥ
һˣҲǸüһʱɹˣܲسǸһһ˳ͷ׿˰뵽
ΪţȻẦ棬µûж֡

ͬڳ֮еķƣҲ뿪Լĵطݷȥ
ھŲ㣿ҲֻаͨھŲ㣬سЩŬ֮£ֻǲ֪ҶΣ
ķҡ
ţٴοʼˡ
֮׿˺ķƽ˳ͨ˵ھŲ㣬һͬϢʥǡ
Σڱչ֮еҶ죬Ҳˡ
ǰ֪ʮʦ֡
Сʦܣ㻹ǵس硢׿ˡķ˶ѾͨھŲˣļ¼ڵڰ˲㣬ѾǳԽˣ㻹չءʮʦ˳˽˵
ʮʦǰŷ۾СĵӣȻǳãҶСĵӣҲûиĹûҶ졣
ʮʦֱϾ״ԲǿߣҶ쾭һҲǽ࣬ǳ
ʮʦѵ޷ͨھŲ㣿
Ҷ컺۾Цſǰʮʦ֡
ʮʦһ㶣漴˵ҵȻ֪СʦܿԴھŲ㣬Ǳ˲֪
ЩҶһָҶ죬ȻǳҶĿǰʵ˵ھŲ㣬ǵʮ㣬ͨ
費ͥǰ䣻ȥ⣬ƾ档Ҷ쵭Ц
ףڻᣬ˾͵йɳʦҵĻȥݣǼСһ棬ҲΪʦ⡣ʮʦְ˰˵
ʮʦ֣ѾһڶˣˣҶЦ
Ҷ컹վȻʲôûʲôȤΪʦ⣬ȴһҪġ
Ҳǵӵı֡
һܳ𣿡ʮʦԲмƲƲ죬˵ûʦ㣬ʦ̰˯Ҽǵϴʼֱ˯һ꣬ҵ˵ָһ˲ѡȥҸʣٶ˼ǧˡ

Ҷʱ
˯һֱ˯һԪ
λûʦ㻹Ľ

һϢɽϡ
ΤЦݵؿǰа֮ӣͷ˵ͽΪʦ۽磬ڵ츳ˡ
ʦˣӻԶа֮ǫ
Ϊʦɲ׿佱ˣǼλʦ֣ΪʦͺܾûпˡΤЦ˵
һʼЩŷ۾Ļ
Դа֮ӽ񾳽ֲֿ֮ĽٶȣͳΤˡ
ϵһЩţҲûֲֿĽٶȡ
ѹֵŷ۾˵ˡ
ʦ𣬵ȥٴݡа֮ͻȻ˵
Τ׶ʱЦˣͷ˾͸г徢ȥɣһսĬĬһξǼʶһ°ɡ
ǣа֮ӹһ漴ݷȥ
س硢׿ˡķ˴ھŲϢȻҲ֪ˣҪȥһ
ھŲ𣿡
а֮иһĨţһûһ˿һиһսȱʱ䣬һѵ𣿡
ǿҵţа֮ӷݡ

һɽϣվ͡
һǽ޳һǽ޳ʦͬ״Բǿߣųһǿߣ˳ơ񡱡
ʵǳǿһ״Բǿ֮УһΪĹѾ߲ˡ
ֻǷȱͳΪˡ
޳Ϊʦյӣ㣬ҲΪռߵĽ޳Щп˵Ҵŷ۾֪ռϢԾ룬ͬ飬ȻռΪβռ
ռռһ̫ˣ֮ǰΪʦʼûзһ츳ˡ
ԣΪʦһ㣬㡣
޳˵Ϊʦ̤ߵĲΣҪﵽŷ۾ǸΣʥǸΣȴûжϣ
㲻ͬռԺһᳬԽΪʦϣ𹼸Ϊʦ
˵
޳صص˵ͷ˵ʦģӲʧġ
ţЩҲˣҪ߽һţ˶ˣ㲻Щ޵мŲ١
˵գָŲԶݣЦȥɣһ飬͸һǰǰ壬κս
ţ
޳˵ͷ漴һ̤գݵķȥ
һ죬ܶһսţݷȥһҪٴݡ
ΪһսĵһҶĵ˵Ĺע
ˣĿҶϣйâ˸
ȻҶ볬Խˡ
ҲˣɣһȥҶ쿴ŷĽ޳а֮ӣЦ˵
һû͵ɣ޳Ц˵гս⡣
֮ǰô࣬ڸ׷ˡа֮ҲսؿҶ졣
Ҹоֻصݴ½ǸʱˣҶͬս⡣
һݸǰ
ʱϣѾвڴˡ


1193 ˫
ǰҶĵ˵Ĺע
һսһݣ켶ŵݣԼŷ۾ݣһڱϣ˲òضԴ
οҶǼһ塣
ôҪȥ𣿡һ΢ЦſǰҶˣȻĿʼͣҶϡ
Ͼŷ۾Ԫٴµ״ӡ
ҪǣҶ챾츳Ҳֵء
а֮Ӻͽ޳ˣһսıֲãûжٹע
ҶЦŵ˵ͷ˵ͷǰˡ
ؿҲ뿴ǵı֣ô׼һ𣿡һЦʵ
Ҷ쿴һԵĽ޳а֮ӣͻȻ˵ȵȵȰɣȥ
ôоѹ𣿡޳ԶʱЦˡ
һԵа֮Ҳ¶ŵЦݡ
ǿһǳ⣬޳а֮һսеıֲ̫ãôҶ췴ǳˡ
ѵʲô𣿡
һɵðһ½޳а֮Ӷˡ
а֮ϾϾа֮ӺҶһȥʦΤа֮ӣҶŷ۾סˡ
ڽ޳
һɵ̽޳ϢףȨȻǳ󣬺ܿ̽鵽˽޳ʥǺϢ
ţͽܣ
һʱɴ۾
˾Ȼͽˣһг𾪣Ԫ˭֪յӵģ
꣬߳棬һ󱲣ǽûͬ⡣
ܶ˶ýˣһ࣬˭뵽Ȼµˣֱš
ĪСʲôǷ֮ý˿أһʱС޳ˡ
£޳а֮ݡ
ҶһԵȴ
Ҷ죬ܹٲ㣿һʵ
̽Ϣ֮Уһν޳а֮Ӷ˵㣬ڵʧˡ
ճһΣܹ߲Ļڵڰ˲ͺˡ
Ҫ֪ݣÿһż
ӵ㵽㣬ʹӵ㵽߲㣬Ƿǳġ
ֻ뵽ҶĿأǽ޳ȻǽͽܣһҲôˡ
ǰأ
ҶԣЦŷʵ
һ΢΢һЦ˵߲ɣͨڰ˲㡣
ǲ˵ڰ˲㣬ΪԼӣǱһ㣬һʱͻƵڰ˲㣬Ҳи׼
ĻҪһǰۣǶˡ
ǿͨھŲ㣡Ҷŵ˵
ⲻܣһҡҡͷ˵س޵мţҲǿͨھŲ㣬һսеıֲãسԶˣôһôࡣ
ǰŵĻĿԴҶ쵭˵
Ǻͽ޳а֮һɳˣǲ֪ǵ츳
ֻϷ硢̫Ҷʥս޼Щݴ½ǿǡ
ϧûн޳а֮ӵһսб̭ˣȫӶ硣
ңҶѾͨϵԼĶҶʥ֪һڣ˵츳ѾӶĸ߲㿴أΪص
ҶʥӶĵλ൱ţصĶ
˵Ӷĸ߲㶼˻ˣǿǼ˴ˣװ״еõôǿš
˵һսջ񣬷Ӷջ
Ͼֻʱ䷨ׯ˿ռ䷨򣬻Ϸ硢ǣһ޵мš
ֻΪ֮ǰʱˣű˺ˡ
СӺŰǾҿСһıְɡһ̧ͷݵķ
ʵ˵ǾԲŽ޳аܹ֮ôࡣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦҲݡ
޳а֮˶˵㣬ȻûãĽݱ㴫һ죬˫˫˵߲㣬ٶȷǳ졣
ɱ
һЩԾ˵
ܹôӵִ߲㣬Ϊ޳а֮ӵʵ̫ǿˣֱɱ˵عߡ
߲ҲסǡҶЦ˵
Ȼ²ã߲Ҳ
޳а֮Ӷͬʱ˵ڰ˲㣬ٶȻô졣
ôܣһͫһ֮ɫ
ܹɱ߲عߣôͨڰ˲ǾԿԵġ
⡭˵ĽȻô
䣡
ú󣬵ڰ˲㴫
һѾˣ⡭Ҳֲ̫ˣأһô졣
ǿܹͨھŲ㣡һ̾Ǵ۽ˣ˭뵽֮ǰ۵ţȻһ׷سǡ
ٽھŲ֮󣬽޳а֮ӵٶ֮ǰɱعˣһҪˣǿˡ
䣡
Ƭ̺󣬽޳ͻƵھŲ㣬˵ʮ㡣
һԾһսа֮ӵıֿǱȽ޳߶ˣô罣޳
ڽ츳򣬾Բ˳޳Ҷŵ˵
Ͼ޳ռ
ռһռ֮ǿһ·
ˣҲΪͽˡһ̾ΪʲôͻȻµˣʵǽ޳Ľ츳̫ǿˡ
֮ǰˣˡ
µϢȥ֮ЩһսСһǣȫҪˡһ𰵰뵽
úа֮Ҳͨ˵ھŲ㣬˵ʮ㡣
Ȼа֮Ӹոսʮ㣬ͱʮع߱ɱˣȫǶ֡
ǽ޳Ƚʮ㣬ȴ֮
Ȼ޳Ҳûͨʮ㣬Ǳȴа֮ǿˡ
Ŵ˳Ľ޳а֮ˣһ͵εı̫ˣı֣֪߲֮ͨ˱Խˡ
ǽ޳ı̫ˣȻа֮ӡس硢׿ˡķ˶ͨ˵ھŲ㣬ǶʮعɱΨ㣬ס˵ʮع߼ʮι˵˵ʮعߣʵԶҪǿ󡣡
޳ԵһЦ
֮ǰȱʱ䣬ȱָ㡣
һ֮ǰȱٵʱ䶼ˣңȻŷ۾Ԫоռ棬ָ㽣޳ý޳˺ܶ·
ԣ޳һôࡣ
վǱԽˣа֮ӿ޳Щ֪̾޳֪һᱻ޳Խ
û˶١
˵ǽ޳Ҷ죬ҪԽˡ
Ҷ죬ˣ޳Ҷ죬г˾ս⡣
һǰаֻ֮Ҷ죬ҶȽϵʸûС
һ֪ԼҶĲ໹ж
ǲࡣ
Ϊ޳֪Լڻ׷Ҷ죬ֻϣڽ֮ǰҶĲࡣ
Ҷ죬ȥɡһҲڴؿҶ졣
ͷǰˡҶЦŵ˵ͷݵĿУս⡣


1194 ʮ
޳а֮ͬʱͨھŲϢܿʹһսǣȫͬһʱӵϢ
ʱһ
ʲô
޳а֮Ӷͨ˵ھŲ㣿ʲôЦа֮Ҳˣ޳ֻ˰ţôһӿԽôࣿ
޳˭а֮еӡţôͨھŲ㣿
ܣԲܣ
̫ˣǲϢˣ

һսǣȫˡ
֪޳а֮ӵˣɻ󣬲֪ΪͻȻðǿš
Щ֪޳а֮ӵˣһ𾪲ѣΪа֮ӣҲǿѣǵ׵ġ
ڽ޳һսıֲãֻ˰ѡ
ˣô漣ҲһͨھŲ㡣
Ҫ֪س硢׿ˡķ޵мţҲֻͨ˵ھŲѡ
Ϣʵ̫ˣЩǿǣȫһһ뿪סݵķ
ΪϢϵͳϢһ㲻ִֻ֤ܳˡ
ڳǵһ֮УոմݻõķƣҲڵһʱ֪Ϣ
޳а֮ӣķƿϵͳϢ֮󣬲ɵһȻ֮ɫ
Ϊһս޵мţעʮţôܻǵý޳а֮ӡ
ܺɻôðģѵͷھŲѾôͨ
˵ŲһսţһսţֻΪˡ
ȻķƵ¼̽޳а֮ӵϢ֮󣬶ʱŵصɴ۾֮ɫ
а֮ӣţһսţΤ׵ӡ
޳˰ţһսţӡ
ôܣ
һźһ˰ţȻڶ̶һ֮䣬׷ǡ
ķ鿴һսʱ޳а֮Ӷֻͨ˵ѡ
Ȼڣȴһ·嵽˵ھŲ㣬޵мŲС
Ӳ˼ǣϵͳϢ˵޳ڵʮֵʱǶҪͬͨ˵ھŲ㣬޳ȴߡ
ôܣ
ķһޱ򶨣˿Ҳˡ
һսʱͻȻðһҶ죬Ҳû𾪡
ڴʱһϵͳϢҶڴݵϢ
Ȼһڼһǡ
Ҷ죡ķͫһ˽޳а֮ӵ𺳣ڸӺҶһڣﵽʲôز
Ҷ죬Ǹһ㣬һȥ֪Ƿˣ
ķƵǰݡ
ͬʱһɽس磬ҲյϢķһ𾪣š
޳ڵʮ۾ȻһҪߣ
سսȭͷг𾪺Ͳʡ
Ҷ쳬ԽѾ޷ˡ
ڣһ֮ǰĬĬĽ޳ȻҲԽ
ңа֮Ҳ׷
ʲôʱ޵мţ˲ֵǮˣһӾȻôࡣ
ûз˵ȽӵҶ촳ݵϢس̶ǰݡ
޳
а֮ӣ
ոմݻõ׿ˣȻҲյϢ֮ɫ˵Ҷߵúܽѣֻû뵽Ȼ츳ôܣ
ս֮Уûгֹ漣ҲһЩźڽʥǺһˡ
޳а֮֮ģǻǵһοֱ޷
û뵽һսȻӿֳ֮ţ֮ǰЩ⣬Ժѹˡ
׿Щأݷȥ
ԽԽţյϢ֮󣬴󲿷ֶݷȥ
ЩţǶǿţֱԼǿţ׷׸ܵ޴ѹݡ
ܿ죬ǰƼ˲š
һЩ׼ǿߣԵˡ
ǲǾڽ޳а֮ӵĽڴҶĽϾҶ챾츳͸ߣֱŷ۾Ϊӣ˭֪һﵽʲôֲĳ̶ȡ
޳а֮ӣѾǵϢ֪߲ͨˣۣ߲Ѿ׼ǽǵ¼һ֪ˡ
ǰһ΢ЦŶԽ޳а֮˵
˵˵ͷĿȴһֱڲԶϡ
Ҷϴͨ˵ڰ˲㣬ֱӽ˵ھŲ㡣
ھŲĶ֣ҶΪһʩչսǿʮʽѾﵽ˵ھʽ
ϴҰڴ˴أ
Ҷ쿴ŶĺɫӰ¶ҵ⣬š
䣡ɫӰû˿ֱӾеľ޸ʩչʮʽһͷҶ졣
һ磬֮ţһƬڡ
ȻҶֻ˵һ˺ʱռ䣬·֮Ӷһضϣǿֲ˻Ϣ
һ֮أ档
ĺɫӰֱӱˡ
ɱ
Ҷ漴˵ʮ㡣
ͬʱ⣬ոյִ˴س硢׿ˡķˣҲǼ֤ҶͨھŲһ̡
Դˣû˿⡣
ЩҶس磬Ҳ֪ҶһͨھŲ㡣
ϾһǰҶͨڰ˲㣬һĻۣھŲ㶼޷ͨ
ںǣҶǷͨʮ㡣
Ҫ֪ʮһż׼ǿ߲ȥġ
ȻһЩǿţλ񾳽ʱҲܹȥ
ǣҶڲŽλ˵ʮ㣬츳̫˲ˡ
ʮĶ̫ǿˣһоͱɱˣ˵ҶԴùȥ𣿡ķƿ˵
ߣسһû˵
׿Ҳ˵Ҷ죬޳ǰǶˣû뵽ȻԺ͵ʮĶֹʮУʵ˶ǿ̫ˡ
ϴǶˣܹһֱԸͽĽͽ޳츳֪ķƿŲԶĽ޳΢΢˵ͷ
سɫЩսʱ׿ˡķƲеһʮս޵еĴڣ˭Ҫ£Ҫη
ȻȴǱҶ쳬Խ޳Խа֮׷ϡ
ʱ޵мţѾ޵УǷ̰
䣡
ڴʱ洫һ졣
ʱΧеǣš
Ҷͨʮˣ
ȻЩ²⣬һĻ̲ס𺳡
ʮ㰡Ҫģһλ񴳹ȥˡ
ЩǣҲ𾪲ѣΪǱҶҲ߲һˡ
ףҶֻһλ
츳Ǹеͺա
ţô£ʱһ۾һɣȴǿҶɳݡ
Ҷûмȥʮһˡ
Ҷ죬ͨʮ㲢ǺܼѣΪβȥʮһ㡣һɵʵ
Ҷ쵭ЦпȥɣҲܲˡ
ƮƵĻڳǷ˷ۣ


1195 ˹
áðɣҶĻһЦΣ˼ҲȥҲܱȣ˭뵽Ҷô·ûѴݵ¡
ΧҲЩźϾһûпҶļޣЩܡ
س硢׿ˡķ޵мţҶ촳ʮѾˣû뵽⻹Ҷļޡ
ȴ֪ҶļǶ١
Ҷһۣ漴Լͬ뿪ˣҶͨʮ㣬н޳а֮ӵıǸܵ޴ѹ
ʱѾ˰ˣֶǿţ֮ϡ
Ҷ죬ΪΣôȥ˵㲻봳뿪֮󣬽޳üʵ֪ԼҶĲأû뵽ҶȻʵ
һԵа֮ҲЩɻ
ҶԿЦҲʦҼȥˣ˼˵ľַش֮ǵ֪ʿɶֹ
ŷ۾
ڸղţŷ۾Ҷ촫ˣҪȥ
Ҷ˳ˡ
޳а֮ӶһۣȻŷ۾Ҳ˵ʲô
ɻǣʥǣŷ۾ӣõŵľ
߰ɣһûȥһҶ漴Ц˵
ȥǣҶݵ
ԴӰŷ۾ΪʦҶѾˣ׻Ρ
״кҶа֮ӡ޳ȥͥԺкȾˡ
һ˶ڿޣԼ㶼ʥǣȴҲټ档
һݻպþһۣ˳̸̸δ
޳˵յӣû뵽Ȼѡ㡣ҶЦ˵
޳΢΢һЦ˵⻹ŷ۾
Ŷô˵ҶԲ
ʦŷ۾֪ռԱһֱоռռȻҲˡ޳˵Ҷа֮ӣҪʲô
ҶԻȻû뵽лһ飬ڤڤ֮⡣
һԵа֮ЩĽҶͽ޳ռ֮ģԺɾͿ϶ߣϧѾˣռ֮ȴǺѳɹˡ
ˣ׼ΣǼޣȥ磿޳漴ʵ
ԪԪȥ磬ɱףõ硣
֮硣
Щ飬飬˵ѾԳһ磬һˡ
ֻЩ౻ѹסǳ
߲㽫Щؾȥȥĥ
ǽ޳˵Ĵ硣
󲿷ţڽ֮󣬶ȥ硣
ǿΣյȼͬȥѡ
˵ЩΪĸ߲ѹˣԷǳʹˣһЩȥţԻ᲻ϧһдɱǡа֮ӳ˵
Ҷ˵ͷЦ˵ΪˣȥĥŶǸкô
һֱ飬ĺڰ񣬲ȥս̫ΣˣֻЩʶһˡ޳˵
ԺҪϣЩǶһԺսҲаնˡҶ˵
սͬսսڰ棬ǲμӵս
ս棬ǲμӵսＯߴǣ˴ɱǳĲҡ
ĹأЩţҪȥսĥģǱؾ֮·ɱ⡣
ǵǴﵽλ֮
ֻλ񣬲ܹսֵģҲλ
Ҳ׼ȥа֮ӵ˵ͷ˵˵ϷӶ磬ǲϵȥĥһӶСӣȻȥЩִһαһμѣ˲ء
ӶԴַֻܿʽǵš޳˵
ҶĿıԵѹӶЩ귢չܿ죬ҪǼȥԪ֮󣬱ȻҪԽ
δأϾǿ࣬ÿսõҲ࣬ӶҲѳԽǡа֮ҡҡͷ
ΣҲҪȥ磬ܱܲϷ硢ǱȥǾЦˡ޳Ц˵
ݴ½һ֮УΨһģϷ硢һȴǣˡ
ú󣬽޳а֮ӱ뿪ˡ
˶ϲԼǴ磬Ҳһ
Ҷ󷵻ڳǣȥŷ۾Ͼʦ𣬻ʦǣżָ
¼Ҷ쿪ʼ鿴Щ
ЩΪĸȼֱͨѼΣռ
һ˵ͨ磬ֻǽȥѰһԵģٻΣգԼû˵ͨ档
Ѽ磬ЩΣˣҪСĽΪ֪Ĵڣǻ뾡һа취Ըеǡ
Σռ磬Ǿ̫ΣˣǿȻû׼ǿߣλȴкܶ࣬һУкܴʡ
ҶĽ飬ȴͨѼ磬ֻΣռ磬ǵʵһ¥ʱ˵
ȴͨĿʼɣϤһ£ȥѼ硣Ҷ찵뵽
Ȼţǰ׳գһٶЩţȻҪһЩڲȱʱ䣬µ
£Ҷ쿪ʼЩͨ磬Щͨûλ񣬾λҲ࣬Σճ̶Ȳ
գҶѡһ˹硣
˹ħһλףսʱǿնɱӶ硣
˹ħħһС͵ħħ֮⣬ϵ
֮ѡҪǵڰħģҶȽϺ档
ңһ³˹Ȼħˣȴħģÿݡ
ħ磬ڴ
Ҷݽ룬漴˳ȥŷ۾㱨
ŷ۾ԴûзԣֻǸҶ죬ͨ棬ҲпܵõԵġ
Ͼ磬Ǿ׵С硣
˭֪˹ûԼСʲô˲õıЩЩĸ߲ǶЩ˵ȴһԵ
ҶȻҲ¸ŷ۾ǰǣصݵҵס
Ҫȥ˹磿ãھȥһˣҲǸóȥһˣǺǣЦ˵
ûдҶҪȥ˹磬ȻҪǿ͡
񡢵ذ˰ţǵݽ֮ҪȴİţȻǲ
Ҷţ׼ĻֱʡȥЩ


1196 ֮
˹ڡ
׺Ҷ˳
ҶϵܣǲȥֻԼȥˣģҾ㡣Ц˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ǿͷɴˡ
û£˵һԪȥҲûʲô˵ġЦ
ҶЦһ֮Ҫô磬Ҫôһ
Ƕ棬ΪҲ䵽𾳽磬Ҫ¿ʼ
ԣǶʱ䣬Ƚ⡣
׼ǿߣѾ㲻ֻҪɱˣǸʱģ¹ȥһԪ˵Ҳʲô
ЩףһαչأȥԪ

ףҶԽ˹С
ԼϢռϣҶ𽥿һƬޱȵĴ½
˹Ĵ½Ҳ˹½
½ʵ̫ӴˣҶķٶȣҲڶʱڷɵͷ˲ƶҪܳʱ䡣
Ҷ췢½
󲿷鼴ǿռݣǷֱڴ½ܣ½С֣סûмϢ
ܲһֱͷ˴һ𣬿ЩѾԼסһˡҶ찵뵽
漴Ҷץһλļ䣬ʱࡣ
˹½ϣһЩǿ飬ĽռһƬΪ磬ֻԽȥ
кڰȵȣϵǿ񣬸ռһƬ򣬽Լ硣
ռ򣬽磬ЩħľЩȫͬ
⿴һ档
Ҷ찵̾
ʵ籾һ棬С档
ȥ˽翴Ҷ찵˼һ£ûֱȥЩ̽Ͼ˽Ҳ˹½˭֪Ƿصı
Ҷã磬̽
һѣ㻨һ̽Ҳ㹻ˣʱ䣬˵ȴǲֵһᡣ
ңЩҲֻλѡ
ҶڵʵȫЩλԵ˺ܶࡣ
£Ҷֱǰ·ķ˽硣
ȻЩ˽ԵúСֻȶѣʵϣ˽Ƿǳģݴ½Ҫ˲֪ٱ
ô˵Ҳһ磬Ӵ̶ȣ
Ҷһïܵɭ֮н٣ȻųһֱԼ³˹˶ħʦ·
Ҷ򵥵ؽ³˹˵һ顣
ˣﵹǺǵĺڰ½࣬ЩǣҲռһ򣬺ųΪ
³˹֮Ц˵
һڶȥˣΪȴǲ٣ֻǴλλ񾳽磬⻹ҶԴĽ
츳Ĳˡ
෴ҶĽ³˹еηͿ־塣
Ҷ죬Ժڰһ
³˹ҵһûү׼żҲҸطأ㣬ҵĹܼҡҶһ£Ц˵
⵹Ȥġ
Ҳ˳һ·˵
³˹ҲЦүھһ۹֮Уǿǰ۶ǮءûڸĳϣһЩūͻҲֳǹݡ֪ܲħݵλǷǳɭϵġǸ߹ħʦ͹壬ɱƽ񣬶ֻҪһЩҾͿˡ
Ӧūͷ⽨ϰɣҶҡҡͷ˵ЩϤ㿴Ű죬ҾͰҵү
ǣүүֵøһģֺħȫͬ³˹˵
ǾͽɰɣǺǣҪɴ֪֣»Ҷ˵ԼЦˡ
³˹ȴǲЦɿһλװȺڰ񶼲֪˶ٵȼ۷ĴڣЦ
£³˹ԼȡһҶȥԼʻŲԶһСʻȥ
˹ǣ۹ϷһСǡ
Ȼ˳ǺСȴͨ۶ĴԱߣҲǳ֡ټЩξ˴СǴ˺ܴķչʹô˳Ƿǳ
ʱ˹ǵĴѾ򿪣ŷ£һƽŶӽڡ
ȻǻҪһͭҵĽǷѡ
³˹ȴûЩƽֱӼʻųڳȥһ·ϣЩƽȫŵضŵʿҲ
̫ˣ˭
֪ʵ̫ˣ㿴µ߽ħѷܹ߽ħˣ϶һ壬пħʦ
ѹЩʿ

ǰŶӵƽ۷׷ס
ħʦǣǲҪɷѵģҲҪŶӣʿ
ǹħʦȨ
棬ҶĽֵɫɫ࣬Щʵ̫ˣҶ춼һ˿Ϣ
ĻϢǵ඼Ҫ⡣
ˣǽʱס°ɡ³˹洫
Ҷ漴ǰһҽ̻Ի͵ĴջջſڵӭԱѾЦݺ͹ˡ
λү֪ǳסǾס
סʮ죬Ұõķ䡣
ҶƵ˵·һһ֪ǹ竡
ջĹԱӵܣæشҶȥ䣬׼˾Ʋˡ
Ǯ³˹еǡ
ôһôȱǮóһԼƳɽң˵̫ˡ
³˹ҪʲôҶһ߳ǰĲˣһʵ
³˹һԹظҶƣæ˵үȥ򼸸ѾͻϾΪ壬ܲʹ˶ûаɡ
⵹ҲǣҶ˵ͷ
˵ȥһᣬҶѡѾȡС÷СССա
ʿǶսܵķ²ûԸǣԶõشūӡǣⱲӶֻˡ
һͷҶ쿴Ÿˡ
ڴ˹ס˰£һ·Ҷһˣ뿪˴˹ǣϵ۹ǰ۹ĵ۶
һ·ϣĸѾźţҶһ¹
һºͻȻͣˣ۾ѾĦҶ۾üʵ³˹ʲôˣ
үиȤ飬ǰһȺִ͢׷ɱ鷨ʦ³˹
ʲôȤģҶ˵
͢ǹڷ˽罨֯λȸ۹ĻһҪߡ
Ĵˡ
үųʶ鿴һ¾֪ˣ鷨ʦһλֻӡ񣬶Ҳģʵ³˹
λ񣡡ҶʱǷ˽磬ܹҲûмλû뵽ôͱһ
£Ҷųʶǰ̽Ӷȥ


1197 
аĿ㲻Ҫˡ
鷨ʦַʥˣѰ·
ʵʵظǻؽ͢˵һУҲܹȱһ

һȺִ͢һҰͷߣһĽΧһɢֲħܵնˡ
Ϊ׵һֽʿȵ
ıֻɫĹԪسɢųҵĹâԵޱȵʥͲַ
еĽҲ֮еĹ
ǽ͢ʥʿʵﵽʥף൱ݴ½ʥļ
ʥˣʵҲվ۷壬֮⡣
ңʮִҲʵﵽŽ׵Ĵʿʵǳǿ󣬿ݴ½𾳽硣
һʥʿʮʿǽ͢ǿϷ򡣡ǰһȺִг˲ʡ
񱻷ӡˣҲˣֻʱһ壬ĻλʵһָǰȺˡ
ǻƽȮ۰
û뵽ҿҲн졣
ҿǺڰִ͢찡
ŭ
Ϊ˺ڰ͢űڰ͢Ľ̻ʷӡҲˣһĵ͵͵˳ӵһ
ȻΪ˽͵ȥʥˣû뵽ȴ͢˸ˣǾһֱ׷ɱ
˷˹ԼߣסһҪĸסһֱδġߵĽ˵
ʱˣס
˷˹Ҫǿ㣬ԺûиףһˣҪĸס߹㣬ֻѪᡣȵ
ʱҧǿ£صص˵ͷףһȳģҲᱣĸ׵ġ
úӣ߰ɣοص˵ͷ
ԶʥʿЦһ˵ĳ氡ע˭Ҳߣа鷨ʦ˵ö֮
а񣿺ߣʥֺ͢õȥǵĹҲֻ򣬶̵ܴ
ʥʿɫһ䣬߾е񽣣ŭȵ󵨣ΰĹˣأ˭ҲȲ㡣
ǾͿûˡ֣һΧֲĻɫһɺޱȵħѸγһɹɿµĻɫ籩
ãǽ䣡
ʥʿɫһ䣬漴ϥأׯ£ΰĹϵ΢ǿһаˡ
䣡
ʥʿһɳҵİɫ˶С
һ̣ʥʿøʥˣȫ¶ҵĹâеҲҵİ׹⡣
һһµĽâ˺ѿռ䣬ſնɱȥ
ͬʱĽҲЯſֲûǿײһ𣬱ӿֲıը
һƬ𶯲
ݻˣܵɽҲݻˣǿԶĳǳе඼еһ󲻰
ףȻԽñЩֶΡԶһȴȱǹǿ³˹סˡ
ĸĸŮûвղſֲֻΧĵɽ屻ݻˣԵþѡ
үֶκףֻҪǩԼˣ¾ͿԽǰͬ⡣³˹˵
Ҷ˵ͷȻû뵽һõʥǿߣȻΪͳΪ˵ˣ˵־δҲ̫˰ɡ
ݴ½ʥֱһһ¡
үҪ𣿡³˹漴ʵΪһ鷨ʦͶ˲ˬȻϣλ鷨ʦ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ȻþȣһץܷһȻѸ뿪˵أǡ
ǣ³˹˵ͷ漴ֱʧԭأЩŮɴ۾š
֪ϵĹܼңȻô
ʱǿҶ죬ηˡ
λ߻ãʵǿǲĴ

һߣʥʿǿһ֮£ȴǲУݺݵش
ĺͳȥ˲֮ɫ
ףһսǿ֮ɫеĽվһ
¶ο֮ɫʱ󷢣ãǸһսǣ㿴˰ɣĺֵΪ֮ġ
ʥŮʥŮĺӣ
ǿ
ʥʿԣʱɫ䡣
һȺִҲɫһ䣬š
ߵϷ񱻷ӡˣȺϷһָǡ
ߣԭʥŮļһԼ·㲻ߣ㴳ɱǸʥʿŭȵ
һȺִʱɱ
ʥŮ鷨ʦǴĵʹޣΪʥŮһֱ׷Ķ
ȴһ鷨ʦˣ˺ӡ
ֱˡ

ȻǳʱһɫĹȦֶ£һȫ棬Ҳˡ
һӣλǿʥʿڣȫɴ۾֮ɫ
³˹˺գ˲ƶؿǰһС
ѾȴĿͽ꣬ʱޱ𾪡
ǿֱŵصɴ۾³˹Ŀг𾪡
飡г𺳣³˹ϵϢȻˣϢұҪǿ顣
Ǻڰ͢Ľ̻ʣҲûôǿ󣬸ղǿֲϢ񶼸еֲ̫ˡ
ߵĽѾ̲סڵˣϾ飬ʵȻ޷³˹ǰվ
³˹ܿԼơ
ɣүҪ㡣³˹˿һۣ漴˵ҽЩʿȫ
Եһôǿ飬Ȼһү
үλǿð
оԼ챻ˣû뵽طȻֲ顣
Ҹһ鷨ʦ
ǳԽ鷨ʦ
㣬үϲõȣ³˹һĿɵúȵ
ǣǣһæشŽ꣬³˹棬˹ȥ
һͿһ˵ȴǲֵһᣬֻǳˣȴǳ֡
Ϊˣֻһ˰
ҶΪ̫ˣһ³˹޷֣˵һӡλˡ
³˹ҲǸղԼɢһ˿ϢҲῴ
³˹뿪˵УҶ
ǣү³˹ʱ˵Լһգʧ
ϾĶ̫ˣþ뿪
һȺִʧˣ͢϶ỳɵġ


1198 
ҶһзһȻٴλص˿Ĵϣŵ۶
һ·ϣҶҲſ֪ҶʵҶԷʥ͢˶⣬ǿ϶Ͳʥ͢ˣû˿أԼ黺
۹۹һʥˣһͬ㣬ǾͶġʥڣһʥ֯͢רΪ̻ʸǹڷ˽Ĵˣλڸ۹֮ϡ
ͬʥ˸һڰˣרڰġ
ͺڰУʥ͢ͺڰ͢ȻҲУһʥ͢ʥŮ͵͵Ǳڰȥȴû뵽˺ڰִ͢Ͷ
ʥ͢ʥŮǾͱץסˣҴ˺ڰ͢ȥʣû뵽еļһȻమˡ
Ҷǲ˳飬⻹ǹѪľ顣
ţ͵͵ѰǷŻʥˣ±ڰ͢Ľ̻֪󣬶ʱץסӡ񣬲Ұ
ҲΪ£ʥ͢Ľ̻ʰʥŮ֮λһֱѺ
һĵ£ûȻһִʿ㿪ʼġ
ϧȻɹӳ˺ڰˣȴڴϢʱʥ͢˸ˣǾһ׷ɱ
Ժʲô㣿
Ҷʵ㣺һ鷨ʦϢܽʥ͢ȥҵǣҵˣڵʵҲߣҰָ˽Ӵ˷ӡʵҲ򲻹ʥ͢Ľ̻ʡ
ֻλʥ͢Ľ̻ʺͺڰ͢Ľ̻һλ񣬸ҿԶԸġЦ
󣬿ĿտտؿҶ죬ȻүԸԸΪ̷ѡ
һԵĿ˷˹Լ׹£ԼҲˡ
Ҷ˰֣ʱһε⸸Ц˵ţȻǾԵ֣ҴӦ㣬ڡ೤ʱ䣬ʱûãһˡ
үҪԵȡæ˵
֪Ҷǿ飬ȫûҪƭȻԸæǾһæ
£³˹ǩǩԼȻҶǩԼҶɲһλ̫ˣۡ
֮³˹İ£ӡˡ
ӡ֮󣬿³˹İ£ʼָʵұǰǿˡ
Ҷ˿һССĽƣרŰڸϵϢ񼶱ǿҲ뷢֡
ңΪ֮󣬿Ҳıˣԭӡ
һ˾ŵ۶
·ϵʱҶżָһ¿ĺӿ˷˹СӼ̳ĸ츳ȻӵйԪغͺڰԪأ鷳Ԫصš
˷˹ԸΪħʦǳΪʿ
˵һ˹ϵȻħ磬ʿ
ħʦҪǺܸߵ츳ʹǻۣԼ߳ΪһʼҪħⷨһ˲õһ˵У´˰һħʦ츳ˡ
ʿ˭ֻҪԶħԪأӶøǿ
ֻͬĵȼʿͲħʦĶˡ
ңʿڵ幥ħʦĽ䣬ԴݻһǳأħʦƻԶԶǿʿ
˹磬ħĵλͱʿҪߡ
˷˹Щ⣬ӵйͺڰټҶָ㣬Ժ϶ͬ׵ħʦǿ
ԴˣһֵĸˣϾҶ³˹ôοҶ챾ء
ڳΪҶͳ죬ҶĻ
һڼºڵִ۹ĵ۹
۹ʥеһеȵ۹ϲСλãǵĵ۹ǳΰ׳ۣҶȴǲֵһˡ
һ˽۶֮³˹йһλڵ۶ׯ԰Ȼ㿪ʼס
һأʲôע⣿УҶһ߳ŷһ߿ǰĿ³˹ѯʵ
ү۹ǰʥϵȵĵ۹ǳǿ󣬵ڵĹһһֻ֪ܣûͼεԣĲҲһֻ֪ܻ¸ļ鳼ֻҪ»Щңͨˡ³˹˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ʵأʲô飿
æ˵³˹˵ĺܶԣҲûʲôõĽ飬ү׼ҪһʲôأȻּ鳼ܻ¸ҲֻҾܹһЩõأĻֻʹһЩֶˡ
ҶȻ˵ֶΣϾ飬һЩ˻ǿԵģǿλҶ춼׿ơ
ҶɲԸȥһˣ̫ˡ
ǣҶһԵ³˹˵۹ĵͼùϸоһ£Ҫһʲôء
³˹ʱͼ̯档
˶չۿ
ʲôҶ漴ʵʵѾ⡣
³˹ָŵͼһط˵үҲǿɡ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷ˵
һԵĿҲЦ˵ؿħɭֺ;ɭ֣ͷǳΣգټϸУһЩﷸǿռҵĵط۹ĹǸֵطϣ͸˶ҪҪȡúס
³˹˵ͷ˵Ҵˣʮȫһ겻֮ڱɱˣڶû˸ȥˡȻﻹ۹ʵϣѾ۹Ŀơ
ֲ۹ƣʺǷչɣҶ˵ͷ
Ļҳ棬ǰǼֱֵһᣬ֮ܰƽ
ȷأҶöˣֱ³˹ȥ
ҶԼſһǰУ׼һЩŮϾһأȻҪܶˡ
ңһҲҪܲ飬ҪҶԳְɣ
ԣȻҪһػصľӲУҶԺҪȺӸѰҸֵĵط˵ܹҵ˹ı
Ҫ֪һ׵ֶ޷ǽһЩʶɨҲ޷ֻ֣ܿȥѰҡ
Ļô˹磬Ͱıˡ
˹ҲΪ˷ֹԼﱻȡߣȻһֶΣҶŲò˽磬Щ˽æ
еʱ䣬ںһʱ䡣
үʵҪĻȥ˻أʺˣǲϣʵǿֻҪ΢ѵһһ֧ǿľӡһԵĿһҶУһߵ˵
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ҪסϾ磬ԱҪΪȻЩ壬ǹȥ֮ҲҪշģЩԼŰɡ
ǣүص˵ͷ


1199 
۶йģԶȴ˹Ҫö࣬Ҳǵ۶壬ٲҲǴ󸻺ҪȻҲܸߡ
Ҷ֮ǰڴ˹ǹ˺ܶƷȥ˲ٽңԱ˹ǵһŹ
γʾҶʱ뵽һż䣬ȴĿʼ
ڿȥѡūˣЩѡЩ࣬ҶȻȥ
ֻģῴ˵һЩȤ顣
Լ˾ŵʱڿʼˡ
ټĻ᳡ż䣬ȫˣһ˷쳣շǳ𱬣Ҷ쾪Ȳѡ
λֵʱˣһĶˡڴʱһĵĺȹٸ̨Ľʱ᳡
ĶС㣬Ҳˡ
ĶҰ㣡
Ķ޸Ұɣұ֤һӺã

һȺ˶ʱ
һ٣ͬһ㣬һ˫˫۾ɺض̨ϵĺȹٸ۾Ӷɳˡ
᳡գһӴﵽ˶㡣
ԭˡ
ż֮еҶ״ʱ
еǴ֪ŮЧӦ⿴Ⱥ˵ı֣µǳ𱬡
ȻһƷֻҪǸĶٸһ£Щͬһɫ㶼ǷӼۡ
ϣÿһƷԭֵİٷ֮һʮȥˡ
ȻҲǵˣϾ˶ɫһЩŮԱߴŮͬ˲ˡ
ֵūˣ˵ʵĶ治ԸⳡΪԼɡ
ʱ̨ϴĶЩƵ
һЩɻ󣬲ɵñĶȥһ̨Ͽȥ
ֻһȺһһ˴СķӸ涼һɫĲϣװʲô
Ҷȴܹ涼Ѻһı¶Ůģģָ۽硣
ȻĶҪ£һĺڲ
ʱȫڣһɫͬһ㣬Ů
ЩŮŴˣһ˫סҪطֽοӣӴ̼ȺɫǷڲѡ
ٴαȼ쳣Ļ𱬡
һ棬ѺһŮһ˫߲ɫĳ⣬ǳģҶҲòϣʵ̫Ư˶ԶģοȺء
λ۰ɣȴλսʿŮʼ׼һңÿμӼ۲һҡ
ĶָŵһŮ˵
Ů߷ǳߣͬһˣʵǻƤɫĳͺɫ۾ǳԸС
ҳһһʮң
һٶʮ򣡡
һʮ˭

һȺɫǶʱۡ
ò˵ȺŮͬиԵص㣬˵ĿζԲô˾ġ
ҪշصȺսʿսʿŮʵУ¶֮߰ɫڿսʿһλͣͻȥ϶ӮÿսʿһĺøУշ׶ˡ
Ҷ찵뵽Ҳʼˡ
ЩŮûȤϾǣһȺŮǿˣϾǲŮ˵ʣɲЩŮԱġ
ܿ죬ҶӴ޷Ĳ֧£ȺŮһȫˣ˭Ҳ޷Ĳƴ
ʱ᳡ˣȫ𾪡ŭš׺ݵصҶڵż䡣
ʵ̫ˣҶ¶Ĳѹˣûһ˿Ҷƴ
һﵽ˭
ʲôʱ۶ȸΪǰδš
ղѯʹԱˣɣһյ۶õĹ壬׼󳼹һء
ԭһĹ尡û뵽Ȼ˲
ǼĲǱܻˣԲˣߣ

һЩš
ŮȻͬǹ壬һøжûС
һɫҶڵż䣬ɱ⡣
ҪıħּˣһλʥħʦħּǡĶٴν˻
ʥ׵ħʦּǣҲҶˣǫ̈̄
ô˵һǿΪ磬ʵҪġ
ʥħʦѾǴ½ϵĶǿˣǾˣ۹ǿħʦҲʥħʦѡ
ԣҵĿ⣬ȫͶ̨
ȻҲ˿Ҷڵż䣬ϾǺҶᡣ
ҶʥħʦħּǲмһˣűͽŮǣЩŮղģʱȻųֽ֣Ŷʵסˡ
ǴʱݺݵصҶ죬һŭҶʲôƵģŪҶǳ
Ҷ컹ǻ˻֣еԱȥ
ȻҶϸǰȺŮ
һˣоŮսʿŮŮŮŮȻһŮ
ҽһ£ҽɣԺԽү߽ɴҲСҶЦ˵
ȻŮûиҶɫһŭص޲óɱ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ǷģҲôģ뿪۶֮Ҿͻǻȥ˸ǣǻصǵļҶڻذɣʱ˳㽫ͻȥ
һȺŮȴ˻ɣҶĻ
𾴵ˣǵСôƭ𣿡ΨһһŮԷ̵
ҶЦſʵʲô֣
ҽȣ¸ҵŮ˵
ҶЦ˵ȣҪʲôǿԷõƭһˣѵڵĴ𣿡
Ůʱһ㶣ǰҶҪʲôڸһ˿УǸûбҶƭʸ
𾴵ˣԸŹ𣿡ʵ޷ţϾֻҪһˣȺŮǲܾôŵġ
ҶЦ˵ҲǣطǳңҪЩİæȻŵǣҲҶͷŵꡣ㣬ϣعϾ࣬ҷ㣬һŮӣҲʲô³ġ
ЩŮԣʱ۾һҶĻѾ˵ôˣôʵԾʹˡ
ңҲֻѡˣϾǲҲš
ȵ˵ͷ˵ҪԸ˽ǣԸ
ҶԣһŮӣūӡ˸Ҷ֮⣬ȥﶼС
ңҶԸŵЩŮôƷҲֵΣȳΪЩɫūǿˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴óԿףȵҽԿ׽ȣŮ
һĻЩŮҶĻˡ


1200 ɱ
ȵİ£Ůһ𱻴ˣָɡ
бһ˫߲ɫŮɵ˰УգֻĴ۾ЩضҶ죬˵Ͳ𣿡
ұҪǻȥԼ뿪Ҳʡ鷳۶ǿ̫ˣʵȻҲ޷ȫ뿪˵ءҶ쵭Ц
ǰŮ֮УŮʵǿˣŮŮĿУЩ𾴣ɼŮݷͬһ㡣
Ů鿴ɫ̹ȻҶ죬˵ͷ˵ĻΪвûпһ˿аĹâ
˻ҶʱоΧŮٵˣ·һҶЩ˼飬ѵǾôŮĻ
ƺҶɻ֮ɫһԵЦˣѩһλŮӵпֻҪκζжˣӹ۾
ŶҶ˵ͷЩȵؿѩҲһ츳ɣ漴Ц˵Ȼˣôץˣ̰͵͵ܳɭ˰ɣ
滵ѩԶʱߺ졣
ҶЦЦŮʵǽʲô֣
գսʿŮ˵
ҽмǣŮЩߵ˵
ŮԵЩοɰҽϣңҸһĶʦǷңҸһһǿøƺȣһƹ
ϣҿɰӣҶҲݸЦ˵ã뿪۶֮󣬾ȥ
ҽаٶԱһ塣һŮ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ʶˣҵׯ԰ͣҴ۶飬Ͼǰء
һ˵ķԸŮȹ˵
ҶһߺŮ죬һߵȴſ̸ͨҶ췢½ʵ̫ˣǿɽˣûһʵĻڵ۶пʧ١
֪ɭֵľǣеĳĿţŮĳÿ춼кܶ͵͵ھɭ棬Ϊץ䵥ľ顣
һŮŮܻӭҲЩˡ
ȣļ屾۹һ壬ǱݳǱˣҲС
Եǣеɫ׼һʴǮ˵رסӣû뵽衣
ŮҲһǷǳˡ
ȻҲҶ죬³Ҳõȥ
ү鶼ˣһŮǧ¾ѡģԲκε⡣ú󣬿˽˵
Ҷ챳ŮȻЩ죬ȴӶ
һЩϲŮǺ飬ϾǵԪ̫ԶˣҲÿġ
ԣ檶ֻܶ࣬ҪЩŲŻʱȫķŮϡ
ǧţ಻٣ùˣ߰ɡ˵գҶ쵱߳ż䣬뿪С
ŮҶȺūȻе͵Ҷׯ԰ȥ
·ϣƳĽֵһۣǰҶ칪˵үмβͣҪ½𣿡
ȶʱ
Ҷ˰֣˵С϶ѣᣬǿ˼λŮＵˣ׼ȥ
磬ô죿Ůϣһʵ
ҶСԴЦ˵ᣬģڣٶҲûá
λ˵ȷһԵľŮѩ˵ͷ˵
΢΢һЦ˵λС츳ĸǾɡ
Ͼ飬һ۾Ϳѩ츳ˡ
ЩȺͺؿǰҶ죬үʲôݣذ
ǿĲһǿ£ɲһܹӵеġ
ЩǣΪҶѡأǿ˺ܶĻҵطֻҪһˣͲҪء
ЩɻȼŮҶ죬صׯ԰
ʱ³˹ѾˣӭҶȥ˵ү鶼ѾףҪأƬ̿ǶûоʹӦˡ
Ȼǿһأͻᱻ˸ɱˡЦ
ҶЦŰ˰֣˵ãʡ鷳ȥ׼ʳʳԽԽãūϳǰء
ǣү
³˹Ϳʱȥæˡ
Ҷ漴Ů˵ȸŮȥϴ裬ҳԷҲ˰ɡ
ŮԶǵ˵ͷ

ڶ죬е˾ͰǧūˣһЩ·͵ǶŻˡ
ҲҶ֮ǰлѵĽ̫ˣѾΪǵĴˣԲôŻݡ
үеĶ׼ˣԳˡ߹˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ߵ³˹˵ʳأ
үģʳൽòˡ³˹ŵ˵ҹ˲߱鼸ٸ۹ǳأʳ
ҶİȻģǰء
ƺƵǧ˵Ķ飬ڿĴϣǸעĿܶ˶ڲ²⣬Ĺ˭
ĺ棬һЩСβͣǰмҶһ˵ġ
˿ǼҶҪ뿪۶ʱȥǵȥˡ
һоȻ֪˻أЩŮɲܸȥߣĳ֮ۡУһɫ԰׵ߵ߻ڼ¶ŮȻ֮ǰڽа顣
ʹһ֮УһߵǿǾŮھ鹫һи̣ˡ
˰ȥУЩŮͲ񶼸Ҵ۹ฮۡһɫ˶·Ը

۶֮УһЩõϢˣ̲סˡ
û취ҶǵӡǾǮ࣬ɵʵ˭
ǵ죬һӶ뿪۶βҶһ˵ĺ棬ڸĳǳأоӳִҶǰ׼ء
һУҶӴʶ֮£Ȼ
ңǵجˣҶһЦ
һȺ˶ѣᣬֱ˯ˣмŮĦֽţ̫ˡ
ʱ֣һˣһȺɽҶĶɱ
һ֮ࡣ
ҶµǧʱˣǱūӡǶˡ
һϣһȺɽѣѵū֮Ҳû𣿡
Щūǰսϵʿ²֮󣬳ū
ǵѪȴû˶ʧڿļ֮£ʱɱȺɽ
սףͬʱҲʩչħеǣȫһɫսףסǵ塣
䣡һɽС͵һһϣеĳˣжʱ¶˼֮ɫ


1201 
ôܣʵûǿսסɽСͷɴ۾ǰһĻԼĵڶԷϣȻһôûС
ǸΪԼȥҲţ漴һ˿һᴩɽСͷĶӣѪʱȴ˷ܵĴ
ĳеϣǶԼϵĺɫս̫ˣȫס˵˵й˲֮
ôֲս׷ȫҪԷĹֻҪԼ˵Ҫɡ
һ˲䣬ʱͬɱһ㣬ЩɽǱɱĿ޵һƶûС
ԶԱߣЦؿһĻһλͷųħᱻȺ˸ǾЦˡ
찡ʲôħ
սף

Ůȫޱȡ
˶ǳȺȫɽǵĶ֣ս֮󣬷޵ˣʱΪʤ
һУǰˡ
ʱĶӿ˷˹ҲȺ֮УûбսףƾԼڻɱˡ
ǿԼӵĥ
һȺŲ֮֮£ȺɽǴ󲿷ֱɱˣֻʣһСˡ
һһƶûУķһЩ⻹ɱɱˣķѵ
ȻȺʤˣȴû˷ܶãȫվڿǰη͹
ΪһУΪǰˡ
ǿƾǵʵͱɽˣϾ̫ˡ
ǸɵĲǿĵˣҪģɱɱûе˸Ϊֹ𣿡ȵ
ˣ
һȺ
ǰǶڿϵͳ컹Щ⣬һս֮Ҳû˸Сǿͳˡ
Ȼղſûлɱһˣʹħ̫̬ˣʵӡ
ǿߣ˭ᾴηأ
ͨһսշȺˣԺȺκεɡ
³˹ˣ
漴³˹ǰ
һԵŮʱɴ۾ΪǿĿȻһܼôֱܡ
һ˲䣬³˹ҲŮĿиߴ
˯Ҷ죬Ů治ѣ˵˭ֱ̫ˡ
ɣ³˹˵
ǣʱص˵ͷ漴Ը飬
ֻǵϣǧɽʬ壬ѪȾء
ֲһĻõúβĸȫ¶֮ɫ
ǲǧūѣȻɱôɽ
ɽʵûʲô˵ģﾹȻһūʬ嶼ûУѵһ
ܰɣӦǱʬ壡

ЩǶʱ˺ܶࡣ
ϣҶĶǰš
ϣŮأȻڸղŵ֮С
˲һ˰˵
һȥأ
ǶСˣȻҿʵ֪ǿŮѩ˵
ŮԶʱһ
ǰֻΪҶݷǷȴûҶʵ
ǷǳѩĸӦ츳ǳġ
ô˵ҸڴλڻصΪˡսʿŮձ¶һ˿ڴ
󣬶ٴܵϮ
εĵ˲ɽһȺѵصɱ֣ںڰǱȴܵȫû
ЦһȺ˶ѣӵù۾
мҶĶ飬ڿİ£ȫЩǸɱˡ
һ·Ѫɺӡ
󣬾ȻӶˣҶĶ鳹װΧξǱս׶ˡ
ֻͷųһСͽ䣬ֱǡ
ɰǾˣΪֻгԽŽ׵ʥħʦͷų䡣
˭Ҳû뵽Ȼʥ׵ħʦ
Ѿվڴ½۷ǿ߰ˡ
·̾ƽˣҲûһˣ˺ƺƵһ·˳ؽ˻ء
ڵ۶ЩˣƵյϢ֮󣬻ޱȰɡ
ﻹϡٰ
֮Ҷûм˯ˣϣŮһŻصľɫ
ʵصľɫǺģΪϡ٣ԸȻɭ֡
ˣΪ̫ˣİȫ޷֤һЩƽ񣬻϶뿪ȥˡ˵
Ҷ˰֣˵Ժүˡ
ȵ˵ͷ
Ҷ漴ѩŮʵ˭ļҾǻȥ
ûŮ˵һԵȾ˵үҪ뼸λõȺ˵Ļ⿿ǻȥС
ŶҶؿȡ
ȼ˵ͼλûȥõȺĺøУΣյʱȺ㣬ȴ
ʲô飿ҶȤʵ
˵徭ܵĹǵȷҪѣǰǡԣҽүȽɨƽǿʵ¶ȥȻٽλͻȥ˵飬ˮˡ
ţ˵еҶ¶֮ϣȵͦģ漴Цֻǣô˵ѵͲѩ𣿡
ѩЦ˺ܺãҲĺܿģٵȥҲûʲôңҲϣԼȺܹ˽ˣĻһȫĻأȺĽԺͲٵı°ˡ
ŮҲ˵ͷȻ֮ǰѾˡ
Ҷ˵ͷЦ˵ȻǶͬ⣬Ǿɣȥ֮ǣǳۻɨɾȻɱɨƽء
³˹㸺ɨ֮ǣ㸺ɨƽأھͳɡҵִ֮֮ǰȫɡҶ漴³˹Ϳ˵
ǣү
³˹Ϳæͷ
һԵļŮʱ¶Ծ֮ɫǱΪҶ컹Ҫúüƻһ£ϾؿɲôױƽģڿҶû¡
Щǵ˵ү˵ʵȷǿǻصӣ־ǿǣ۶ĴʥħʦҲһ֮õɣ
ǰ˵ڻҲʥ׼ǿߵģĻǾᱻھɭ档ѩҲ˵
ҶԲЦǷģܲõǽ֮ǣһоͶˡ
ôŵҶ죬Ůжǳɺͺ棬ͬʱҲڴ
Ҷʵô˼ĻأĿԱɰȫĵطˡ
˵һȫĻأǼֱ̫ˣÿ¿Լٺܶ˵ʧ

һºҶŮһǧŮƺƵؽ֮ǡ
³˹ѾڳſӭҶһˡ


1202 
ӭĿ³˹ŮǳԾѣʣܹӭӣ˵Ѿ
ǣŹȥһ°ټĻأôɨɾˣ
Ůжʱ˼飬ҶҶʵӺˣ⵽ǺηʥΪǰ۹û˵
ү
ү
³˹Ϳߵǰ
һԵŮԴ˸ˣǿˣЩ۹ĹҲҪ˹
Ҫ֪ʥ׵ħʦڸ۹ɶǻҹλڹ˹֮⣬Ӷ޷ʹ
ң۹ĹԴЩʥħʦҲмӣǵһء
Ҷˡ
Ůе˼ǣ³˹ͿԴҶ죬Ǵĵ𾴣ǱΪݶװġ
˵˾η
һصа뵽ͬʱԼڻصӸڴˡ
Ҳλˣһлȳҵļˡһ˿ϣ
ļȻˣǳױ֮⣬ˣĸף磬ȥūˡ
ֻ֪ǱȥˣҲûǡ
ҶԸæĻ
һ˿ϣһҪúҶǰ֣û׼һ죬һһܹžۡ
ΪĿģȾϧһдۣҶҪ
ƺ뵽ʲôߵ飬ȵɫЩˡ
Ƚ㣬ôһԵѩɵʵ
æŵҡͷûûʲôֻɫӺˡ
ʱҶƿĴ湧վ³˹Ϳʵںͻʲô
һ֮ǣһҶرϢ
ү֮ǵ̫ӣҪΪһǻصıһ۶ĴơΪܹɨ֮ǣ¾ֱЩ۶ƵЩҪôҪôһ³˹˵
³˹˵ĺɣһԵŮȴǳ𾪣ȻãϾǰûأϢҲֻ˵
ѩŮһĵطǾص飬֪֮ǵĿֲ
ȻһֲĵطȻһڣ³˹һ˸ϴɾˡ
߽ڣȻûɢȥѪϢŮɫЩ԰ˡ
Ȼһڣ֮˺ܶࡣ
ֵ϶տ࣬ǰôˣЩˣڿ³˹ʱ򣬶·ħһһ¶־֮ɫ
үѾ˽ڵɽǿȫˣȻҲһͶˣ֪δãʱ˵
ҶȺɽˣԭҲʲôȻͶˣǾһȫأԺ󲻵õ
ǣү֮󣬱Ҵˡ
³˹Ҷ쿴³˹˵ǳ̫ƾˣҲ̫СˣҽеĽгǽȫƵȻ´һǳأҪе۶İٱС
찡һԵŮԾ
۶Ѿ۹ĳǳأʥˣ۶Ҳǰʮĳǳء
ǵ۶İٱСǼʥһǳˣҪѵвǵ۶򱶻Ҫࡣ
һ۹ҲҽôֲĳǳأҪķѵԴ̫ˣϿһˡ
Ȼ³˹ȴû˿ԣֱӵͷ˵ǣүȥ׼׼֮ڽɹ
ⲻܣһԵ̲ס˵ˣ³˹ˣҪһôֲĳǳأ˵ѵʱҲʮ֮òС
³˹Цſȣ˵ֻҪǵĲ㹻࣬ǾͿʱ䡣
˵գҲȣ뿪ȥ׼ˡ
ҶһĴ£˳
ֵԵˣɴ۾ؿ
˵ˣ֪Ǻηʥֱֲ̫ˣ̶һ£ȻͰصһɨ⡣
˵λӴ˵ˣȫУһ涼
صҪˡ

۷׷ס
ܹţڻ֮ǵˣһЩؼû̫µˣоǰܹˡ
ǰܵĴѹͰ
Ҷˣɨе˵찡ϲѶ
ֻ³˹ѪֶΣҲŴˣһֱĵһʮĶħ
ͬʱصĴ仯Ҳڳ˷ݳȥ
ħɭֵǣлصǣоɭֵľǣ֪𾪵Ϣ
ҲţңҲ֪λʲôĶ侲عעš
ȻԴҶ֮֮󣬱һֱڳ
Ψ³˹ټھ񣬿ĹʣǽµĻ֮ǡͬʱҲ棬׼ڻ֮ʿݶʮˣֻҪǻ֮ǵˣԲμӡ
۹ı׼һصֻӵʮ˵ľӡ
һնʮˣʮǺ󲹾ӡ
Ȼ˵ô˵ʵϣ⹫һɫʮˡ
۹ĻȻ֪еè壬Ҳһֻ۱һֻۣϾ̵ʱ򣬻ҪЩɱæһҲͶһ㣬۹ʵǿ󣬸Щǡ
ңһɢɳǵ۹ҵĶ֡
οеľӢڵ۹ҡ
٣۹һǧûгֹһι췴ֻмӴ췴ѡ

Ҷڻؽдʱ򣬻طϢҲ˵۶
ʱ۶Ĺ嶼ˡ
Ҫ֪ǣ̫Ӵˣܶ۶ĴڻؽкɫĽס
һӱɾʱǷŭѡ
ЩǼ˵ĽףǾܷŭȴܹȻѹڷԶС
ΪȨԼκε飬ֻҪ췴С
˸Ҷ飬Ǽս۹Ȩ۹ĹҲô
ԣЩˣǼλӣֻܰҧ
Ȼǲ˶ģֻֻ˽ﱨ
һȤСӣˣСӵʲô۹Ĺ֪Ϣ֮󣬶ʱЦˡ
һһ̫æ˵£εĻɣ˵۹һûĹϹ壬˰ٶʷֻǳ͵һֱ䣬ֱλΪ֮Щס׼ٴν۹߲㣬Բȥﹺ˻ء
˰ٶʷȷһϵĹˣܹڶʱھɨأʵ򵥰Ҳãһֱ۹Ķæɨ壬һܰסħɭֺ;ɭ֣ٺòˡ۹ĹЦ˵


1203 
Ϊ۹һûйҪɨǣ壬Щ岢ǹ͢ˣΪǲշЩ˵ģͻܵ͢Ʋá
Ȼ۹ҲЩ壬ЩɲôģʵǷǳǿġ
й͢޴ڣ¾ɭֵľ壬۹
ĻҪ۹֣͢ͻɱˡ
ԣһ۹Ĺֻܷλزܣڣĵ۹Ҳܴɱ۹һͭǽڵȻؿ
Ȼ۹ĹȻĲֻص飬ܹɨ壬۹һǿأҲǹ˿顣
ԣڵ֪Ϣ֮󣬹ǳˣ֪λӵҲܵҶĴҲ⡣
ֻҪҶ첻췴ôһ
һ췴ڹ˵Ǻ
ЩȨܴ󣬵ʵԸΪģΪһҪǾӹµμӸִս
ս·ʱȨκһμսһҪݹӦʹԼ
һôֻҪЩ췴ùǵ顣
ڹЩڻңõġ
ԣ۹ǣϾʱпܱ塣Ȼܹǣǿ϶ǷǳǿǹҲҪɵ֣
ȻҲԼĴ㣬ȻҪμӸսԼ֮Уǿô档
Լأǹôô棬൱һСˡ
ԣкܶԸΪġ

ʱգۼ
³˹ӴӦ֮£ԼĹ֮£ܱƽ񶼳ŻӿЩֻҪеĳԣʲô鶼˵Ĺʿá
ԣ֮ڣ֮Ǳ½ˣһصľҲ˰ٱֹ
ⶼǴȫѶ
ЩǸķȻԸȥأǰͲˣɱЩȥء
ôɰҶҲûСһЩ
Ϣȥ֮ԽԽʼɱˣϾЩ˵ֻǷ͸Ҷ컹ܻһЩǼֱ̫òˡ
صľڲϵӡ
³˹ʳ㹻࣬㹻ۻ룬޷Ӧô
ңΪ˸ЩоҵĻᣬҶ컹³˹ʼأڸ޽ĵ·һЩʩ
֮ȻµĻ֮ǽˣصĽ裬ڳš
ڿ֮ڣϵѵʮӣ飬㶯СֶΣЩʿʵ
³˹żһˣʹôΧħʹþӪ֮еħԪرŨ˰ٱֹЩʿ˯ա
õ֮£һͷʵǡ
ˣģĿǰѾڼ׵ķչЩҲż֮ˣڷûΣ֮Ƕ𽥼ӴȫԺǹͨˡ
һ죬½õĳһװضҶرص
ı仯ʱҶߵ˵ǼֱǷ츲أλصˣӾηˡ
ţܺãȥŰɣѩȥʵǿ壬ȸ㶨ǣľ׶ˡҶ˵
ȵ˵ͷ˵ˣ˵ĺܶԣ岻ʵǿ壬ǰúƽ壬ǵ֮һֻҪˣôͺðˡ
ţȥŰɡҶ˵ͷ
뿪֮³˹Ϳص˽
ôҶЩؿǣ飬ѵʲôǽţ
Ҷ˵Ĳ˵λ³˹񰡣һλ
˵۹ʥˣ³˹Ҳ𣬻ʲôֵأ
үڻطһֵĵطǿĽ磬Ҳ޷ͻơ³˹˵
һԵĿطǳΣûһϢ¶ǵĹھʱڳġ
ңǸطǰǱ۾ȴ޷֣ʶҲá³˹˵
Ȼĵط
Ҷʱվо˸
³˹λ޷ǿ϶ϵǿ߲Ūġ
ңҲλǸߵλ
˹磬ѹûλЩҲֻλѡ
λףҶĿʱһڵ˹ȷûλ񣬵ǰأ
ûбõ֮ǰ϶ȱλ񣬻˹ס
ҲطЩǿġ
ĿģѰЩ
û뵽ŶãҵˣϣðɣҶ찵Щڴô˵Ҳһͻơ
֪ѡķǶԵģĵطʶ˹ҲҲ෴Щȴҵõ
һиĵطüӿ췢չĽŲøķȥæѰҶգ漴³˹ǰȥ鿴
طھ֮ǲԶһȺ޽·һͨһɽصͨҪͨɽɽ֮зֵġ
һ磬ס˵·ù޷չֻͨ³˹ˡ
Ҷ³˹ϵʱ򣬹ǶѾӱĵطһ·ﱻ³˹ϸֹˡ
үѾϢģ֪˶ϴ˼䡣³˹˵
ţҶ˵ͷ漴³˹һɽеͨͨܿǾͿһǽˡ
³˹ǰƶʱˣܵĿռ䶼һ󲨶
Ҷ۾һУȵ˵ҶûпϢռ䣬ֶԿռãֻײܹóĻȻҲУź١
ǰִ޷ǰһ硣³˹Ҳ̾
ħʦŵרãһ
£һԣҶ漴˵
³˹˵ͷ漴˳ȥ
ҶصؿǰĽ磬ռ䷨Щ꣬ʵѾʼռ䷨ˣȻǿˡ
Ͼ˿ռ䱾ԴЩ׶ǿܶ࣬
ǿƲܲһҶ찵뵽
ÿռ䷨סԼƣǰĽ̽˹ȥ
ţ˲䣬Ҷܵһû³˹˵粻ֵռ䷨
Ҷ찵һϲ


1204 
ҶӴռ֮ĵܵҲԽԽСҶһϲá
Ҷ㽫ԼĿռ֮ķѵ˰˳ɣſٳһ˴СĶڣ˽ȥ
ҿЩһʱռ䷨򣬷Դ硣Ҷ찵뵽漴ʼĿռ䡣
ӽ濴ֻǽڣɽ
ȻҶ򿪽֮ȴһңһЩʯʯΣȫȫٵĺۼ
ûԪط򰡣򣬽ǿٱֹҶ۾漴͵ϲ֮ɫ
ĸϵ̫Ũ˭ˣٶȶǿٱ
Ӧ˹ĵطȻҲпΪĵӿٳ֮ء
Ҷ²⵽
ЩᣬҪطٶٱ
Ҳ˵һ꣬Ǿ൱һ꣬һ꣬൱һꡣ
ĺõطȫһ߷ڴӿλٶȡ
ףǼˮ
ȻҶ쿴Զʯڷŵһ龧Ө͸ˮ
ǼˮӰģϢġ
Ҷæ˹ȥˮ֮йע˲䣬ˮҵĹâһߴӰڰ
һŽɫӣһ˫ɫ۾ֳһħˮ򣬴Ÿ߹ɫħʦۣĿǵؿǰ
ͽ˵صʱ˵ΪʦѾǿ߸ɱˣʱȻᱻõǿ϶Ὣڵϴһ顣ҪһֱҪȥǿϴ֮ǻ統ǺؾԺֻҪС£ӹһ٣ȵлٽף˵ӻħ򡣡
֮⣬طֱͼϣȡ֮󣬽ǿʵ
أͽ

˵֮ӵӰʧˡ
ֻƽˮ
Ҷʱ˼
µĻӦþ˹Ҳףǿɱħǿߡ
˹һͽܣ˹ǿشʱúһУͽܶ˵ء
ϵĵͼڣˮҲǵһοҲ˵˹λͽܲûж˵ء
Ҷ漴ϵĵͼа뵽
Ȼ˹λͽûüӽ˵أͱǿ߸ɱˡ
ߣ˹ͽܲû˹ԸԼʦһս
Ͼ޾ʦͽһʱ䣬ǿǳꡣ
ҶǼλʦֺŷ۾һʱ䣬ǿԪôദ̶ȱȸӻҪס
ԣ˹λͽܣƴսҲ
ң˵أҪӻħҲѡ
ϾĴӪ˵㻹ûнף˹λͽܽ׾磬ҲҪ뿪
ʥֻҪٿһ˲ܽɱ
ԣ˹λͽܣпܱű֮ģʦһս
Щпܡ
ֻһȴǱˣһλµ̫ˡҶ漴ϸۿеĵͼҪﱻ
ţһڹ磬һ磬ףһȻڷ˽磬طƺЩϤ
ҶȻһطЩϤ
ͷųԼʶ̽ȥ
ܿ죬Ҷ֪ʲôطˣʥˣܲ͢ʥɽ
֮еһȻʥɽҶﵹǺܽ
ңǷ˽磬Ҫȡȴ׶ˡ
ǵע⣬÷˽ֶλȡɣЩﶼнػңҲû˻õǲһʱ
Ҷ뵽
ʥɽôļƻȻҪʥɽˡ
û֮ķȥһǲǵע⣬Ͼǵ飬ǣǡ
ҾЩ֪Ҳǲ񼶱ǿһȺˣ񼶱ǿ߶ɳҶ˵̫á
Ȼаտλλ񣬵˭֪Էжǿߣ
һҪǻǿߣǾˡ
ҶɲΪһʱ䣬ðա
£Ҷڴ˵һ߷ڰ򣬱뿪˽硣
Զ޸Ҷ뿪֮󣬱㿪ʼ޸ˡ
үôҶɽг³˹ʱӭ
Ҷɽָԭɱפ˵أκ˿
ǣ³˹æص˵ͷȻҶ첻˵һȻҶʡ
طͿйͣĽͣҶ漴óһָ³˹һЩƷʯһЩħ鼮Щֵ׵ѣǶ³˹˵ȴ̫ˣʱ˲ѡ
ҶҲ˿һռָĶͱ³˹ˣȴҲÿ˷ܲѣϾֻһλЩ˵Ǽֱǲɶõıù͢ͺڰ͢Ľ̻Ҳûֱ
һУҶͰѻ֮ǽȥˣһһ£պϡ
žŮѩǰɭ֡
еĻ³˹пĶӣ˷˹ǧʿ
˷˹ʵܿ죬Ͼһλϵ
ǰ񱻷ӡʵܹ˷˹ޡ
ڣʵָˣټϻ֮ǵۻʵȻܼ򵥡
ң³˹ǩԼԼ˵Ķӣ³˹Ҳżָһ£λָ˷˹ȿǿˡ
ԣĿ˷˹ȻᣬѾǾŽ׵Ĵʿˣ׿ĸͬջ֮ǵĶʮӡ
ʱ˷˹㹧ǰҶ˵ˣǰ淢һЩսʿǣ뿪ɭ֡
ǣ˵ң֮ǵɣҪǵŮʡˣΪ˱ᣬѩͿ˷˹һȥҶ˵
ǣˣ
˷˹ѩһͷ漴ȥǰȥ
ԶһƬ֮䣬һλλսʿľݴ֮䣬һ˫˫ɫ˸ĹâжŹ
˭Ҳ֪жˡ
˭뿪ɭ֣һΪַɭ֡һӶ洫
˷˹´ǧʿص֯˭ҲҴ⣬Ͼսʿʵ½Ŀõġ
ǰ̤¸𣿡ʱѩͿ˷˹ŶľսʿǺ
ţѩôܣ洫һ
ţ˷˹һӢ꣬һŹľ֮Ծңңߡ
ѩʱʱϲ֮ɫѩ㡣


1205 
̤´磡
ѩ꣬ʱϲ˹ȥ
ѩѩ̤·ǳ漴ȴؿһ۶Ŀ˷˹˵ѩץס𣿡
ѩԷ˷ۣȵ̤´磬ôôץסңѵڻܵǰ
̤ҲԣɵڨڨһЦ˵ǵ˭ץס㣿
Ⱥɺ޵ˣѩߣ漴͸԰̤˵̤´磬ڵ۶УҪң˾ңαһġ
λ֮ǵ̤ȣǼ٣Żصһϵиĸͽ裬Χ弸֪Ҷ조Ĵ
һҪǾˣһԺ˵ıҲû˸ǾɭˣҲ˱ץˡѩ˵
ˣ̤ɫһ䣬Ƕ࣬඼ǲŵģôܸˣߣ
˲һȻĻΪʲôһңսʿ壬кĽãҲ˸ˡѩ˵
̤²Ըѩԣ˵ЩҹܲˣϾ㣬һὫŮʣʱŮʵľ
Ǻã㣬㾡ȥŮʣŮһͬġѩæߴٵ
̤¿Цѩòᱻϴ˰ɣô˵
ߣ̤£˽ˣǾҲ˱ץˣôõ飬㻹ֹѩŭ
úúãϸϻȥ̤Ȼѩæ߸Ծ𣬼˸֮䣬ʧ֮С
ѩ򷵻ȥҶˡ
ԼһСʱ֮󣬰̤±ٴθϻˣֻǴһƵ顣
ôˣ̤´磿ѩʱʵ
̤ɨ˲ԶĿ˷˹һۣߵŮ˹ȥµʿܽȥ
⡭ѩЩɣǻȥҶˡ
ҶЦ˵ʿԲ³˹øϣܵһ˸Ҽʻɡ
һԵĿ˷˹ûзԣΪĶӣȻ֪³˹һڣүİȫͲġ
ѩҲ֪³˹ȥ̤߰ˣ̤¸û³˹ͷû˿ԥӦˡ
漴һھսʿӵҶǰĹȡ֮ǡ
ʵϣֻǼҶѡ
³˹мЦЦҲֻүֵ棬ҪǻֱӰЩսʿɿܣʱǸʲô͸ʲô
ѩʱ˷ܣһ·ϺͰ̤˵û꣬Ͼץȥһˣ˲ٿͷڻؼˣȻǳˡ
Ҷžɭֵľɫ
ò˵滹ǷǳģҪǾϲȻһСݶԸȫԭʼȻò
֮ûгǽֻһĻǺӣʳ㣬ħޣǶǳǿ
ȴǳţҶЩȡ
һԵѩЦ˵ˣħ޶ǾһģǸʵһȺǲṥǡ
ԭˣǺӣ֮ҲҪߴĳǽˡҶЦŵ˵ͷ
̤ߵĽǽǵƻľǾɲôлǰúƽ塣
Ҳǰúƽ࣬ϣһ죬ҵĻ֮棬࣬Ǿ飬ǿսʿˣ㣬˵ȵȣе壬ܺƽദһ𡣡
ҵ룬ҲҽҪɵĿꡣ
ҶЦſ̤¡
Ļ̤¶ʱˣһԵѩҲԾͲš
Ƕôΰ룿
ҲǼɵ롣
ǲò˵룬ֵǾ塣
ѩһϵҶһ˵ˣò˵̫ˣܹĿ꣬ѩԸΪŮ㡣
ѩ̤Զʱ
ѩȴ侲˵̤´磬룬ֵô𣿡
⡭̤ԥһ£漴˵ͷ˵ܹ룬ҲԸ⣬ҲΪܹɹһܳɹ롣
Ϊһ£ȥһɹǲȥĻ϶ɹѡǰߡҶЦ˵
ʱѾˣҶȥ
ѩͰ̤¿ıӰЩӡ
һԵ³˹Ц˵һˣֻҪү飬Ǿһɹ˵Сһǣúûɣ
ֻҶʵҶȻԸЩǣǾЩǵˡ
Ǿ岢ԸǺƽشһ𣿡̤֮ɫ
³˹ߵүͲκһ飬ʲôƾҲֵүүࡣ
˵գ³˹ҶĽŲ
ֻ͵ѩͰ̤¡
һ̤²ŷӦɻؿѩ˵ѩǲ⣿Ȼ˻¹찡Ǿһ岻Ҳһΰ鰡
ѩЦҡҡͷ˵Ҵڻ֮ǵʱҲ˼棬Ҳ֪˾Ȼ˵ǻ۾û⣬ȻĻôôƽ
ˣŮȥͷ۰ɣϣ˵ĶģĻǾһҲܹܺƽˡ̤˵
漴׷Ҷ³˹
뾫֮֮Ҷĵݣеڵϣеֱӽ棬һǳ£ܱ߳˸Ļݡ
ȫһλõ硣
Ժпմáѩѩȼ٣һѡ񡣡Ҷ첻ɵø̾
һԵ³˹üĻУϲǺڰֳĵطġ
ѩռ𾴵ˡڴʱԶǰһȺ飬Ϊ׵һ󸾴ڣ߳ȺҶ칪һ
ĸףѩʱ˹ȥ˽󸾵Ļ
ҶЩȣû뵽˾Ȼѩĸף֮ǰҲ˵ˣѩĸһλ
һһʮλһλʡ
ЩǳԽŽ׵ʥħʦһʵǳǿʥħʦܹǿġ
ھʣǾλ
ΪôǿԹ͢һĴڣûнǸϾɱֻǽھɭֶѡ
ҲϲսϲƽҲԸԶشھɭ֡


1206 
ԭѩվˡҶЦ˵
ѩհһѩ漴мؿҶ죬˵л˾СŮ˶ġ
ѩԵԲžˡҶ˰֡
ѩ˵˽ѩվˣΣѩܹǿˣѩղǵġ
Ҷ״ֻա
ʱһԵİ̤¹˵ˣҪȥŮʸˡ
ţȻȥɣӭˣ͵ѩյ˵ͷ
̤¶ʱȥˡ
ѩͬҶһ·ȥ
ѩôòŻصңкöѶҪ棬ԺҶ֮󣬱æ뿪ˡ
Ҷѩգ³˹ˣһŻʹȥ
ƽģڳڸҪûС͵ǿȴڡ
Ҷ̾ѣû뵽Ȼ壬ֻȻ壬ȴϣΪ塣
ΪԵĺƽǾû˾û˾û˷չ
ԣȻȻƣ츳ͱһȣǵʵȴȲࡣ
Ǳѡ
ЩûѹҲûп̿Ծ츳ǿߵȴޡ
Щ츳ʥħʦͻˡ
ˣǰǻʹˣŮʴѾڻʹȴˡһԵľѩ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴һʹеĻ³˹ˡ
һĻʹʹô̻ԻͣҲֻһϾݶѣվʮһ飬ҶѩһǾ
ʮλʥħʦĸ֣ټһʣ⼸һĸ߶սˡ
Ҷ죬³˹ûһ
³˹ֱӱĿҶľŮʣλŮʿǳᣬû취鱾ͳϣֻҪԸ⣬Ըıʲô״̬
𾴵ĻлѩվŮͬʱҲҴ壬ӭĵŮ΢Ц˵
ʱҶѾ³˹ԼϢԲʮλǸ߸ϵľŮʣǰҶ³˹ʵ
ǵ³˹ֻһλʥħʦҶֻһŽ׵Ĵʿʵһѡ
𾴵Ůʣҵ⣬̤Ѿת˰ɣҶ΢Ц
Ůһ㶣û뵽Ҷôֱӣǵ˵ͷ˵̤ѾˣҪǾһˡң̤»룬ò˵ңʮλڣǳ롣
Ȼˣ֪Ůʴ˵˼أҶʵ
Ůҡҡͷ˵ǾһԸͻغƽһϲƽϲս޷ǽˣϾһˣǷս£ǾһҪμӣⲻǾһԸȥġ
֪Ǿһ尮úƽǴȴһһΣѩץȥ룬ôǱץߵˣ²ֹһ˰ɣҶ˵
ʱѩվ˳˵ˣÿһǧ˱ץߣôǱץߵ˶һٶˡ
ľԣҲһ
Ҷ̧ͷŮʣ˵𾴵ŮʣǰúƽȴȻ޷кƽֻؿǵ˱һץȥȻܵĿѡ
䣡ŮͷųһǿƣҶ죬ŭ⻹ɵĺ£Ըƽ಻Ըƽ
ŮʣŴ಻Ǻˣһһˡѩæ˵
ŮʶʱԼƣǸؿҶ죬˵ǸЩˡ
ûϵңԼƽץߣҲġҶ˰֣漴̧ͷžŮʣᶨ˵ԣΪ˱ҵҪǿľҲṥκˣ˸ַҵأҲ顣
ˣ˼ŮЩɵĿҶ졣
Ҷ˵岻Ըսܹ⣬ķӵаɣǽˣȫҪҹˣֻҪڱ˹ǵʱ˫һ𱣻ǵΣ
Ů۾һ˵ͷ˵ĻԸ֮ǽˡ
ʮλҲ˵ͷ
ǾһȷúƽǸսʱҪսϾҪˡ
ȻˣǾǩԼɣҶЦ˵
һԵ³˹۾Ѿ׼õԼóݣÿҶ춼Ѿǩ֡
ŮʿһԼԥǩԼ֡
ΪԼܼ򵥣ֻ˵˫֮ͬǺ;ɭ֣Υ
ҶҪˣôһͲذæˡ
ˣŮʴˣһǩԼġҶ쿴Ůʣ֣ص˵ҿԱ֤ӽ쿪ʼҲ˽뾫ɭ֣Ҳһ鱻ץߡ
ŮԶʱ˲ѣ˵ͷ˵һʮּ뵽£ͬʱһħʦ
лŮʣҶԷǳˣʮ֣ÿһ֣ʮ۹İӣҾֵƶٶȺܿ죬ҪеطΣ˵һˣһǧ򣬶ܽܡ
ҲΪʲôȻ٣ȴû˸ԭ򣬾͢ҲԸķ̫̫塣
һħʦǿɶ߽ϵħʦսϣʮֻҪǿ
ϾЩħʦԷΧĽ䣬һ䶼ɱʮˣսֲĴڡ
˲ؿܹɭ֣ٱЩץȥҾˡŮ˵
Ůʷģұ֤һ˱ץߣңһϢЩץߵľˣһҶ˵
ŮԴϲǾͶлˡ
ѣ𣿡Ҷ΢Ц˵
ŮҲЦŵ˵ͷ
Ҷھɭ־ס˼죬Ȼʮֺһħʦϻػ֮ˡ
ʮֵǰ̤£һħʦѩĸףѩվ
ѩҲˡ
ͬʱһȺˣҲ˻֮ǣǹһЩ̣Ȼ⡣
һЩħ޵ħҩϣйЩǾز
ңħǳԶħƷ
˲ˣʹû֮ԽԽˡ
ȻҲûЩˣһ⣬ȫ˷˹ץסˣȻǵʬڳ¥ϣԾˡ
ʱҲû˸ڻشˣЩҲˣΪҶרɳĴ׷ɱЩˣʶ֮̽£ûһ˿Զأپ١
أ׳ǵĽء


1207 
뾫ĽˣټҶʱ׷ɱˣԭʹΧǣʱܵĳ⡣
֮̾󣬵һ߽֮ǵǰ壬ıǴֱ½ϣֻҪʿ߷ӵаΪ١
ԣ㰫ǲ͢Ϊˣʥ˵˽밫彻ס
ֻͶʯֲʳҲòཻףӶȡʳ;ˮ
ⲻ֮뾫ˣټϰ峤յŮʴϢʱһЩ˽֮ǣ̸̸
ǹһЩ̣ʼӵΪ࣬߾ǣħ쳣𱬡
ңҲ鷳洦ɼ߶һЦȫ֮ǰĻ֮ǡ
ðǶʱˣǲ˽֮ǣ̡
˶İ˵̣ȻҲ۹ǣǷ׷֮ǣ̻ᡣ
Ȼ˶ವӣһЩԾࡣ
ҶΪ˼֣ʮսʿʮӣڸֵѲߡ
³˹棬°Ӿ顢˵ߣɱ⡣
ھһϵеѪɱ¾֮Ҳû˸ڻ֮Ƿ¡
Ҫ³˹ʶ֣κһµ࣬Ӳʶȫһʱץ
֮Ҷ콫ŮϣҲͻȥˣ˰꣬˳ǽˡ
Ⱦһֱܶ࣬ųʮսʿҶ֮ǣʮսʿļ룬֮ǵķǿˡ
ڰ֮ȴҲû֮ˣҶЩɻ󣬲ɵѯʡ
ˣóǿ֮ǿ̡塢սʿ壬ȴû֮ǸʲôȿЦ
Ҫһˣ㽫ǺͿսй˵ҪǻؼҡҶվ˵
ǣˣȹص˵ͷŻ֮ǵķչԼߵУλص˸Ӿˡ
ʲôһˣӵؽ嶼ܺͬסڻ֮ǡ
Ҷ˴½˶顣
ܿ죬ŮǺͿսʿŮձ㱻ȴˣȻҶ˷˹һǧֺһپ鷨ʦһǧӣǰħɭ֡
ûд³˹ˣΪ֮Ƿչ̫ˣҪһڻ֮򣬷Ҷġ
ڿÿ춼Ҫڳѵӣûʱڻ֮
ˣǰһȺѪѾɾǿԼǰˡ˷˹˵
Ҷ˵ͷ
ħɭֲɭ֣кܶħޣǳΣգԴҶԵúСĽ
ҶһԵŮǣͿսʿŮʵħɭôΣգΪǵ˻ѡסѵ಻סڻ𣿡
ˣħɭȻΣգҲֻͨɱħޣѰһЩĲҩ顢ǻȡʳ˵
һԵĿ˵ȻǾסڻأÿ궼Ҫ˿˰ǿսʿһÿ궼ΪʳȱܶˣﻹǮ˰
ԭˣҶȻ漴ɵͬЩ壬ǵ̫ˡ
Ƿİɣκ˺˱԰ᵽؾסˣҲ˰Ҷ漴˵
պͼǶʱϲæмлˡ
Ľˣʱһ峤ҿԱ֤һ֮彫Ҳһ˻ΪȥҶ챣֤
ٴθм
ǿսʿһ˿ڶ֮࣬Уġ
ͬҪʳҲģһÿķ൱ڶʮһķ
һΪʳƴÿ껹ʮ˻
пġ
ԣҶĻ󣬿շǳмҶʲôԸ⡣
Ҳʱ֮ǵһб仯ټϾͰĳ֣ʹҶδﵽ˼㡣
ˣǾأ󣬼ָŲԶһɽҶ˵
Ҷ˵ͷѾͨʶˣкܶɽ忪ٳˣסǡ
ΧľġľͷǽһڳļªĻǺӣǵء
Ҷһ˸ʱ峤ԴһսʿӭٴС
ǿֺ;鷨ʦǺʱࡣ
尮úƽǿ˾֪֮Уû˻ᾫ壬Ƕž塣
ңЩǲһཻףֻͨ彻ףԾ֮źܸߵĵλ
𾴵Ŀˣ֪£峤һߴӣͷЩҰˣһȴͬСɡ
Ϊһﵽʥʿ൱ʥħʦĴڣʵȾľ
Ҷ쵱żӭȥһԵļѾ̲ס˵峤үүλǻ֮ǵˣ˵ġ
ţǣ㲻Ǳץ㸸ĸ켱ˣôģ峤ʱϳ˼ǣЩȵʵ
ڵ۶ҡ˵
峤ʱҶ죬ϵظмл˾˼ǡ
֮ͣ峤ؿҶ˰֣漴˵뾫廹а˵ϢҲ˵ˣ֪ǷԸǻ֮ǽˡ
峤ЦǵȻԸˣûоǿʵҲûаʲôʸˣ
峤ˣ뾫廹аˣɲΪǵʵŽ壬ͬǵļ԰˵廹мˣֻмˣҲԸǽˡҵǴһ干֮ͬǣһеˣֻҪԸ⡣
Ҷ֣ص˵
峤Ծˣò˵ؽ̫ˣͬգһһࡣҴԸˣԺĵˣĵˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ峤Ҳ֪Լʵ羫壬ԲоҪ
˵һҶˣֻ֮ǣǰˡ
£ҶЦ˵̫ˣϾǩԼɡ
̫ʧˣˣ峤æ˵
Ҷʱ峤ǼªĴʵһȽϴɽѡ
棬ǩԼȻһЩ顣
峤ʮսʿ뵽Ҷ£СʮսʿǿɶǻеģڿоӰ
Ҫ֪˹磬ֻгΪ߽ʿܹУȻħʦֻҪﵽĽףѧϰһƯķϵħܹУħʦŸ𾴡


1208 սʿ
֮ʮľӼ룬֮ǵʵǿˡ
ЩսʿڿѲߣʹûصķӰȫһԿٴϢҪսӡ
峤˳⣬Ҷæ˵峤һᾡڻػһط壬ҰǽúʵľסݣңҲԺһͨҵ·ӣȵȹӶ׬ȡѣħɭðǿˡ
Ǿ̫лˡ峤æ˷ܵعȻսʿôңϾʳǺܴ󣬶൱ʳɱħޣħµҲ١
ܹսܹʳǶ˵̫ˡ
ңȻеƣܹĹкܶࡣ
ǿ԰ǿͻżȵȡ
ǰǺϵã޷ЩҶͿˡ
٣Ը㹻ˡ
ˣٴҪȥսʿһˣһ£ҾͻȥءҶվ˵
룡峤Ҷһ뿪
Ҷһ˵ıӰ峤̾壬г·ˣǧеĻᡣ
Ǹ״ˣĿ𣿡һһսʿʵ
峤ҡҡͷ˵ҲŮʶԸˣа壬ټڻеߣ廹ʲôɾܾأ
ţֻҪԸƴ壬ôҾԸΪսһԸߴսʿ˵

뿪أҶڿյĴ£ǰսʿһء
岻ͬսʿȻ࣬ǾסĵطԼľͷӣһЩʯӡ
Ȼ򵥣ٿһǳˡ
ͬʱҲлǺӡ
û취ǵĳǽȻǾʯɵģҲǿٲŪǺӣôȵħǹǾҪˡ
ˣȥҸסմʱѾȲҪؼˡ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷѾ֪յĸףǿսʿһ峤
ȲǰĳǳأЩسǵĿսʿҶһȺ˵ҲٴС
ǿʱȴ־ϲæӭ˳ǡ
һսʿ峤رһǰӭҶ죬Ե÷ǳȻѾҶⶼˡ
ڿصĴ£һɾʯ档
ˣЩª˵
صʵҶЩȣΪһ۷ʥʿټϿսʿеĿ񻯼ܣôλսʿ峤ʵ῰λ
ȻͿλػҪġ
Ͼ񻯼ֳ֧ܲʱս
峤ض񣡡Ҷ˰֣漴Ц˵ؿѾҵˣ֪ڽô
ֻҪܹ֤ÿһ˶ܳԱôǿսʿһеҪ˭ǶĿᶨ˵
ҶʱޱȣɣһȺԻΪ˳ԱͰԼˣ
ҶʱЩʵȻ峤˾ģΪǰûսʿһ壿ҿóսʿսǷǳǿģҲЩԸôǿĿսʿӡ
ԿЦˣҲ㣬ǿսʿķĶʮǿսʿһӣǾ൱ڹǧӣټҵǣЩҲôʳ
ʮ
Ҷ찵Ծ
սʿС׳һ㣬һ㣬û뵽ʳྐྵȻô
ѹÿôսʿ׬ȡʳﲻ࣬Ϊǵʳ̫ˡ
ңսʿһҲ֮һȰ廹Ҫࡣ
峤ģֻҪҵĻأ˵ʳṩҶ˵գ漴óһöռָݸء
ضʱ۾һˣ⡭ǣ
ЩæֻʳҶ˵ʳ㹻һǧսʿһµʳˣʰöһº󣬾Ϳǰء
лˣضʱѣһǧսʿһµʳʵϣǳϰˡ
Ҫ֪սʿʳȻĶʮЩսʿ϶Բ
ЩսʿҪԱԸħ֮⣬ֻҪˡ
ңսʿһֻ߰ˡ
ˣʵõһ£Ҫ죬ʰһУȻǰء漴˵
ҶЩȣô죿ǵװ𣿡
Ͼսʿڶࡣ
ˣǻȫսʿ԰ס˵
Ҷʶ̽ӳȥʱһ֮
߰ٶսʿȻٷ֮ʮŶ׳꣬˵Ȼռݲٷ֮һ
Ҳ̫Υ˰ɡ
Ҷ쵱ѯʿء
˵˵ˣΪ˱סսʿĴУЩԸԼҲҪԼʳǣôǿսʿһֻʣ׳ˣԼȫԱ
Ҷһ̾ļ˵㰲һ£߰ɣұ֤ȥ˻أǵ˲ᱻ
ǣˣǿսʿһ彫ԶЧ㡣ؼᶨ˵
ǿսʿһ岢κ飬ֻҪܹʳǳԱǵ˻ȥǾˡ
ܱܿ磬ǿսʿһ塣
ЩǿĿսʿǣҶص˵ͷ߰ٶսʿȴǿԸṩٶӡ
սʿӵս൱ǧӰ
սʿһʮɲ˵ġ
ЩӣͨӣսʿԿһʮ
һԵĿ˷˹̾ˣЩսʿ׶µȵģõףô۹ˡ棬ôǿ۹Ȼ⡣
ˣҪЩսʿ̣ҪݣƻûеȵЩսʿ򵽵۶ԼȶˡҶЦ˵
˷˹ʱȻ
ңй͢ڣ嶼ҳɭ֣οǿսʿˡ
𿴿սʿӣǺ͹͢Ǿͺһ
˵ĺܶԣȻȥʱðרΪЩսʿʵףҪǴɻ֮ǿľӡҶ漴˵
ֻ㹻Ŀʯ𣿡˷˹Щǡ
Щ³˹ȥҪҶЦ˵
ʳǿʯ˵̫ˡ
ʵڲУȥܱߵһˣܹŪ㹻Ŀʯʳˡ
սʿһշˣͰķչأȴʱ͢ˡҶ찵뵽
ôӣҪ³˹֣㹻ӦܱߵκΣˡ
ңЩȥ͢Բǵע⡣


1209 
սʿһ֮ҶڵľѾǳˡ
ʮ֣һħʦ
ʮӣ
սʿӣ
ʮսʿ
ʮսʿ
ܼӣʹûصʵһԽ۹ڶأΪڻĴ
ڰźЩ֮ҶͷԸרǴ׺ͬʱսʿһ޽ݡ
أ˸ٷչʱڡ
֮ĽˣȴҲ۹в

۶
۹ĹյϢ֮ټǣʼص顣
λ䣬鱨ǶѾˣҲ֪صϢô۹Ĺ˵
ɫѿһʼܸҶɨƽء
ҶĸٷչܵҶҰʵ˵ҶֻҪӱ£ԹԵأռ۹ˡ
£
󳼴˿һţͷΪҶģҪҶ췴ˣҲС
£˵£ʵɲصġ
۹Ĺ󳼣ߵڿʵ쳬Խˡ
æ˵£ĿǰҲֻжʮӶѣʮӻǺ󱸾ʵ֮УСġ
սʿأʮ壬ʮأʮ壬㵱۾Ϲ𣿡۹Ĺŭ
󳼶ͷ󺹣˵£Щ壬͹͢ԼǸҰ׹۹ȫ͢͢ǲῴȺռһ۹ģϾ͢Ҫ
۹Ĺԣʱ侲ȷԼ
ţ˵Ҳ޵ǲˡ۹Ĺ漴˵ɫҲÿ˺ܶࡣ
֮ǰǱЩĴסˡ
æ˵£ʵֻ˶ʮӣ֪û췴˼ˣȫǧӣڻصԿõûô
ңҲ֪սʿʳжôҪ㹻ʳǵҪôӴĲ񣿾֪֮ǲûй˶ʳܹÿսʿս
ԣжûҪ췴ǽˣֻΪȹ̻֮ǵͳΣϾЩ̫ǿˣ㶨ǣҲͳλء

ϲ˵
ҲֻܸҶվһսˣһҶ챻Ƶ췴ˣ϶ҲҪŭĹ塣
ңҲҶͷųһ⣬ҶʵΪô󳼵ĵλ͸ȹˡ
ٲãԺͶҶ죬Ϊһ·
ò˵ܹһ۹󳼵λӣǻۻǲСġ
˲󳼵һ۹Ĺʱ侲˺ܶ࣬˵ͷ˵˵ĺе֮ǰ̫ˡ
£˵ĹȻ󲿷Ʋ⣬Ҫ֪˵ҰĻģڵûҰģԺأǿıҰ𣿡
ʱһߴӰ˳
ǵ۹Ԫ˧
󳼶ʱҧгݣһǾĴһεľͷһ򲻺ϡ
Ϊ󳼾˿۾ӵã͵۹Ԫ˧ȻǵжԵġ
Ԫ˧ƺҲƲ⣬һûɵƲ⡣Ҫ췴зչͿˣֲɵӣһȺȥ췴¹͢ʮо𣿡
󳼺ȵ
۹Ĺ˵ͷ۹Ԫ˧˵ûɣ˻㲻˵˳ȥǾǲ¼˼Ҳ췴ƶҪ췴ˡ
Ƿǳǵġ
۹Ԫ˧æ˵£΢ҲֻǵģϾսʿǵֵǧӰ壬صʵʵ̫ǿˡ
󳼶ʱ˵˵Ԫ˧ƺ˵۹ǧҪɡңôӣ֪ǷҰģ
˻Щˡ
۹Ԫ˧ʱɫ䣬Ųŭȵ㲻Ҫǿʶҵļڻңʲôʱѹ£
ļҲû˭췴ңƺ۹ǣ췴İɡߵ
㡭۹Ԫ˧ʱŭ
յ۹ǧӣѾùǳɵˣʱֱҩ¹Ѿһ̡
ˣ
۹Ĺλسʱȵ۹Ķ۾ۣ
󳼺͵۹Ԫ˧ʱ
۹Ĺɨһۣһ漴һʼձֳĬ࣬˵֪кν飿
ĵȼȵ۹Ԫ˧Ҫߣ۹˧һȼһ֮£֮ϵλǳߡ
ѯ࣬˵Ŀ⣬Ҳࡣ
ϵѾͷ׵࣬һ񣬵˵£ǽ̸Ȼᱻȥʱû췴֮ģ϶ı¶Ըʱ췴ᱻƵ췴ˡټһЩС˵Ǿ͸ӿˡ
ɫһ䣬ĻһѪҶǷ췴Ѿʱˡ
ϢȥҶ챾㲻췴Ҳ췴ˡ
ȻﶼĴ󳼣ѱе˵ļϸЩǣҲǶڵ۹ҵģҪ㹻ļֵҲᱳѵġ
࣬кƣ۹Ĺɵ̵
λྭүүʱڣѾǵ۹Ҫˡ
ʱڣǵ۹ˣλߣҲҵ
£Ϊ֮ƣ˸أص۶һˡ˵û췴֮ģͿԸɨƽصĹͣʹλҽһλͻŨĶ飬Ͳᱻˡ֮ص۶˵췴֮⣬ϵ͢󹥴ء
ϵĿ⣬˸ǵĹâ
󳼺͵۹Ԫ˧ҲòϵѾеһжźˡ
۹ĹҲǴ֮ˣ˲˼Ц˵˵Ĳû췴֮ģǸغʹ͡
˳۹ĹʱɳһʥħʦأȷϢʱִЩСĻᡣ

ʱҶ֪ϷһУͿθƿսʿӡ
ΪҶ̫׳ˡ
˵ˣսʿ֮Уﵽ߽ϵǿߣһһһˣҽΪǾһѷĽƽԭɨһǧӣ弸ǧҲڻ¡
Ҹ߽ϵħأ˵һ߽׵ħޣ׷ƻٶȼ죬ǿ󣬶ͷжǣһϿսʿΣҶЦ˵
ضʱŴͣǾԿɨƽ½ˡ


1210 
ˣ߽׵׷ƻȻȺӵħޣҲ࣬ҪץҲǳѣӱ˵ˡؿЦ
һ߽ϵĿսʿ߽׵׷ƻǵȷ½ǿıˡ
ǣⲻõ
ҶЦ˵ʱһ³˹㣬ģҼȻ˵Ǿһõ
ˡص˵ͷȴûϣΪǲʵ
ҶҲ˵˵½ϻ壬ʵǳǿһ꣬ͶǾŽףﵽʥ׵ҲȱȽǣ֪ЩŽ׵ĿսʿϾŽ׵ľʵƸǿɡ
ˡضʱˡ
ղŵ׷ƻҲˣھȻ˵壬λ˻밡
Ǳȹ͢Ҫֲ˻ǲҪˣȥ׷ƻɡؿЦ
λ˽̸ضоԼˡ
ðɣʱˡҶЦЦ
˿漴ʵһ׷ƻʿ֮⣬ʣµİսʿ׼죿
ȫؼ׳ǹѾðڴؼˣԷȫ£޴󡣡Ҷ˵
ضʱϲ˵ؼײȻǿ󣬵İؼײҪķѵĲºܴɡ
ǺܴǷǳ޴۹֮УҲֻҶô棬Ҳ
ⷽ㲻ҪģֻҪѵЩؼײˣǱϾûоսȻʵǿ󣬵ӽѵҶ˵
ص˵ͷ˵˷˹ѾڰˣСһţҶӿڶѧϰ
ҲҪѧϰԺİؼײҪָӣһ׷ƻʿ򽻸ӿƹܡҶ˵
ص˵ͷмΪҶȨϾôǿƹܣҲһɣҶûôȫսʿԼƹܡ
˿طǳм
뿨սʿƵ֮³˹ҴҸˡ
үе۶Ϣ³˹æ쳯÷黺
³˹صĽ裬Լ鱨λʵЩȻǳɣѹһŮ̫ˣͿˡ
λ۹൹ǷǳҲãû£ȥ۶ɡҶЦ˵
үȻվһˣҾÿһ¡³˹
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ȥ۶һݷõģ͸һЩӦϲˡ
үҪ𣿡³˹ʵ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ÿ˷˹һɣտأ˳շһ׷ƻΪ׷ƻʿ
ţЩ»ɡ³˹˵ͷշһ׷ƻ˵ֱ׾٣һħɭ־ˡ
ңǰ鷨ʦȫԿЩ׷ƻʹǰĳΪսʿǵ
ˣүȻշ׷ƻ齨һħ޴ɣʱһȺħ޳Ǻ˼³˹ͻȻ˵
Ҷ۾һ˵ͷ˵⵹ǿԣֻҪŽ׻߾Žϵħޣ͵ȵħ޾ˡңðзչ˿֮⣬˶Ҫ֪շ˺ֱӷ֮С
ү֪ˡ³˹˵ͷ
Щħ޴ȻǶԸ͢ʱ򣬲óġ

󣬹ʥħʦ˹
ҶʾͿԳλʥħʦһǰ۶
Ҷ˺ԥؾʹӦˣλʥħʦҲ˿˵Ҷ첢û췴
ŷ棬˵ˮϵħʦμ棬īԵħΪɡҶóһУݸʥħʦ
Ҳŷ档
īԣŷ򿪱һʱ۾һ̰֮ɫһмؿҶ죬˵̫ˣ˵ΪģȻûдѹֱҪˡ
īʥħޣħҲ޼֮ŷּԽѾٿˣȴԵֵǿħħջ
ԺҪͷŷķʦڱǰԲǡҶЦ˵
ŷԥ˵˷ģ±ͿˣҪȻҲʮ¼޸ˡȻԺҲ֪£ġ
Ҫʮ޸ңҶԵЩԾȴǿЦϢѾ֪ˡ
ʮûκ˼ƯҲһ˶ѡ
ϡ
˵¶ǳءŷ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ
һ뿪˻أϴŵ۶
ȻǸ뿪زãһȺ۹ľɱ˹Ϊ׵Ľߺ췴ˣҪ۹ɱȡ׼
ֳֳǹҶĶ
Ҷʱɫһ䣬ŭؿŷŷķʦǱµʹ𣿡
ŷʱѾźͻңæ˵ˣǧЩСɱˣȻЩıҹűµɱ㣬½𡣡
𣿡ҶЦ
ʵȻ֪ҲͷЩоû˵ѡ
ǣǵġŷæ˵˷ģѣһ˴룬ʱйȻǡ
Ǿͷŷķʦˣ˷˹˱ŷķʦҶ˵ͷ漴һԵĿ˷˹
˷˹һ˵ǣˡ
¡¡
⣬зѾ̹ˡ
ò˵һƻǷǳµġ
Ȼŷķʦȴм֮ɫ߸߾ħȣȻɬѶʱˮԪΧһˮϵ򲨶
߸ϵˮ񡭡ˮŷжʱ۳һͷͷ;޴ˮЯӴɱȥ

ǽ䣡
ʥħʦ
ܣ

оǾʧ룬һӾͱˮ࣬˶Ρ
˷˹̾ѹħʦĵλôߣսϣһλʥħʦԸıս֡
˷˹Ҳŷרǰγеսֵǣҳ尡ǵĵһսóǵʵʧ
ɱɱ
ڿ˷˹£ʱȺܵĵоɱȥ
ȺоѾŷĽ˴룬ֻʣˣˮˣȫûжΣֻʣ¾ֺͻҡ
෴˷˹һʿܸߡ
һɱ֮£ȫɱоûжٷ֮ȫ˷˹ʾնɱˡ
˷˹£ֻʧ˲ˣ˵Ҳֻˡ
ȫǴʤ
Ҷ쿴ú⣬һ¿˷˹µľӡ
ȻҲ˳мһŷ档
ŷæ˵ⶼŷӦģȺо֪˭ģǵþϵ۶¡
ǾͼɣҶ˵ͷ
ŵ۶н


1211 ۶
֪ʥħʦŷҶߣҲû˸ҶĶˣҪʥħʦڣ˭ҲɱҶ죬ȻɱҶ죬ֺα˷Ѿأ
Ȼɳʥ׵ħʦʥʿҲлնɱҶ죬ֻǴﵽʥ׵ǿߣ۹պĴڣһɳ϶ͻᱻ֪˭Ļˡ
ԣֻؿҶĶ飬ƽصִ۶
Ҷִ۶ʱ򣬲һô͵ˣ۹Ĺ˳ӭҶ죬Ϊ׵ıǴӡ
˵۹ҶĿأ˵ǿҶ֮ǵ
սʿо塢塢ȵȣȻй͢ƣҶ첻ЩӹˣЩӣ˭Ҳ빥֮ˡ
˼̵ҪʱҶѵȥˣ򲻹ٻû˸ҹ
ԣò´ͻȻðĻ
û뵽ôӵԳӭӣ̫ˡҶӭĴӣɵЦ˵
ܹӭˣҵҡԵ÷ǳƽ׽ˣȻشҶ۶һ·ϺҶ£ϵ
һԵŷƲƲ죬˭֪λǵ۹¹û˲Ը£ЩλĻǡ
۹Ĺ˳ӭҶ죬кüλҪǴߣűɳˡ
ŷԲ²⵽ʱ򣬱ҪҶȥˣԵŰݷá
ܹΪ۶Ĵûһɵӣ˭óҶ챳ǿʵ
ŴӣҶ˵۶ݷ۹Ĺ
λѾĶʢʱڣˣϣȻޱǿơ
۹ǿ󣬾ͿԿóλԲǻ㲻Ӣ䣬Ҳһ
£Ҷ칪˹ΪһҪй֮񣬷ĻҶһˡ
ʵ˹½ҲһǿΪ磬ֻҪһĵλһʵ϶Ҫй֮ġ
ᰡ޺ܾȣû뵽۹һλĿܣױƿءҶ죬ɵЦ˵
ʱΧĴǣҲڴλ
ǶҶӸˡ
˭Ҳû뵽ôһӸ磬Ȼڶ̶ʱɨƽ˻أһǽˣôģ
۹࿴ҶĿ⣬أĿ⣬ƺҪ͸ҶƵģȴ޷͸·һģɴڵסˡ
ɲ⣡дʧɫͬʱҲ˲š
һָ꣬оɲҲ٣Щϵһ
Ҷˣȴӵȣ޷󣬻Ϊ۾ˡ
ҶһϵеĲ⣬ҶڻĹס
ͬʱʮ޸Ҷ졣
ⱻҶƴˣҶ֣ص˵£ѾȢԽŻ¡
ŶΪΣԾȵ
ҶЦ˽£ԣҲûȢˡ⵱ȻǱģȢһ
˹½ԻǺܿصģҶ˻ɵüͷ
֪⿿ʹ;λ޷£ҶģҪйϵС
һ£ϵֶΡ
£˷˹ĶӣǸʮӺʮ󱸾ҲһŽ۷ĴʿԵĻԸӭȢʮҶ˵

۹Ԫ˧վ˳ŭȵʲô˼°ѹ޸㣬ǿ㣬ƴҲˣȻù֦Ҷ޸£ֱ̫ˡ
Ҷ쵭˵ҲԸӭȢԭղѾ˵ˣڿ˷˹ҲֻǿСӲѣǱȱ°ѹ޸Ԫ˧δ̫ʢˡ
һӭȢ˵ʢˣҿһҲûѻҷԪ˧ŭȵ
Ԫ˧ҵ¿˷˹һŽ۷ĴʿʥʿҲԶˡңĸ׿һλʥħʦǻصҾʸӭȢ˵ʥħʦݣԪ˧ֵһ᣿ҶЦ
㡭Ԫ˧ʱԶԣȻʥħʦǵ۹۷սһ˾Ϳ൱һӣڵ۹
һʥħʦôԪ˧λãҲˡ
ˣ
ʱˣ˵Ȼ㼫Ƽ˷˹ʹﵽ˾Ž۷壬ԻΪʥʿҲȷʸӭȢҾͰʮ޸ˡ
л³ȫҶ˵ͷ
۹Ԫ˧ֻһԸɵۣŭ
۶һĸۡʹ͸Ҷ죬ҶȥϢˡ
Ҷ뿪֮󣬹㵥ټ˵۹ʥħʦŷ棬Ԫ˧󳼵ȵҪ
ŷķʦлԸȥشϢ֪кο
Աߵŷ棬ʵ
ԴһλʥħʦǹҲֻܵѣܵ¡
ŷ湪һ˵ģû췴˼ΪҸոյִ֮ǣ˵붼Ӧ۶ˣҵҳˡ
ƬҲûԥԾ
ŷ˵ͷ˵û˿ԥԵúܸˣûиһٷԡ
ҲЦˣ˵Է
˵գһԵĵ۹࣬ʵ࣬ô
۹ҡҡͷ˵ŷķʦĻȷû췴˼ĻһӵϢ϶Ҫԥһ£һ£۶
˵ĲҾ˵û췴˼ĳЩ˷ҪƵ췴֪ʲô˼󳼿Ц
˵ʲô۹Ԫ˧ʱŭ
ˣۣŷʵŷķʦ㻹ʲôҪ֪޵𣿡
£뿪زãܵ˾ӵĹǴűµţ˵췴ҪɱȻǶ»ɱˡŷ˵
ɫһ䣬ŭ޸ûˡЩһǹôģҪƷҪɱصĴ϶ᱨġ
侲Ȼ˵۶˵ûбЩƭ۹˵
Ե˵ͷ侲һ£ɫȻѿߵ࣬Ҳ飬һҪĻ֣޵Ҫ˭ô
ǣ£۹˵ͷ
һԵĵ۹Ԫ˧ʱҲ죬Ҷ죬ٸҿڣǾҪڹˡ
һԵĲڴС˼»ظһҪȥݷһùϵ


1212 ݱ¶
۶Ĵϣʮ͢оƵ
Ϊ׵һ´̡
ɭԴ̣ǰ۹ĵ۶ˡһλʥʿŶ´ߣ˵
߽ħޣʥǹ͢ʥޣҲо
ţȥλ۹ĹΪǹ͢һλʥʿǹ֮ϡɭԴ̳˵
˵λʥʿǵ׷ɱǶо죬³˹ɱ
оʿǰΧ˶׷ÿʥˣ͢ǴϵȨ˭¡
ң͢Ľ̻ʣҲʥ˵ǿߡ
ʵǵλݣǶߡ
۶ʿǣо鵽Ҳôʮؽ۶
Ѿʿӿٶǰʹˡ

ʱҶոڸۡ˲󳼣λصģҲνǡ⡱
ү͢һλ´̣ոǰʹˡ˷˹ͻȻ˵
Ҷʶ漴ͷųȥ˲֪˹͢оλ´̣۹Ĺ
ǵ飬׼һ£֮󣬱ӭȢʮҶ˰֣˵
үǸʮһúܳô죿˷˹Щ˵
ùôܻ𣿡ҶȻʧЦ۹ĹͷǳӢҲ϶ŮŮ˵˹ɫҲ˶١
ѾϲϿˡ˷˹ЩŤŤ˵뷨
Ҷһ㶣漴ЦСӵֱɽȻҲܱڻҲţˣʱҸһȢˡ
лү˷˹ʱϲɫ
̫磬ͻƵʥʿ˵ҶЦ
үģѾаգһ֮ڣȻԽʥʿ˷˹ŵ˵ô˵иλϵ³˹ʱָ㣬ܽʥʿǾһͷˡ

ʹ
ɭԴɵǰӭӣЦݵ˵μʹ٣޻أû뵽̾ˣȻǹ۹
ԼʹɭԴȻܸˣЦ˵ŷ񣬹Ȼ۹
һ֮¡
֮ɫʵ֪£Ҫæģ
һҪѯһ±£ɭԴ˵ͷ漴˵һλоʥʿһ·׷ɱڰ͢ˣ۹û뵽ȴ
ŶôȻɱоʥʿʱ𾪵
ʥ׼ǿߣ۹ҲûжˣһԼڣȻġ
ɭԴҡͷλһλʥ׵鷨ʦһ꣬ˣӦòɱǵʥʿŶԡ
Ǿ۹˰ˣԣɫʱ
ˣǿĴ۹ɵ
²ؽţֻµģҺͽ̻ʶű¶ԹɭԴ˵
˿˵л̵̻Σ޻ȫǡ
ǾͺãɭԴ˵ͷ漴ȡһͼָһƬ˵ʥʿʧٵĵطΧпֲƻȻ˼ҵս
ȥ˵ͷ˵￿˹ǡ
˲һ£һڣƬʥǿߣʲô֪ݵˡУλ˵Ļ񡣡
˵գɭԴó񣬷ֱǿͿ˷˹ӡ
ǽ˱˵壬òһ
ǿ˷˹ȴһӡ
һ֮£ʱɫ䡣
ɭԴʥħʦȻ˹ɫԣɵһʵˡ
Ҳʶ꣬ǻһλ£ҡû˵ȥˣͻȻ뵽˼ȻˣȻù֪͢ҪŮ޸˷˹
ʲôɭԴʵ
ĸףƺһλǿʥħʦλҲʥʿǶʱ䣬ڴ˹Ǹ漴˵
Ǵˣû뵽¾Ȼһ˳ΪɭԴ˵
æ˵̣޸֪ˣĻˡҲ٣պڵ۶ȫԽһ򾡡
Ŷ̫ˣֻҪЭץǣ±һʹҲ֪̻ʵġɭԴʱЦ
л̣˿漴ϱˡ
ȵ뿪֮󣬹ɫʱ
һԵŷķʦҲɫǳѿû뵽ȻˣǺڰ͢Ե𣿡
ӦòǣЩ彻ã˵Щ˺ͺڰ͢Уˣôǽˣҡҡͷ
ǲô˵λˡŷķʦ̾
ǰ˹͢û˿Ի̾˿ڣ漴˵˽ΧͬʱɳĸۡΧ
ŷķʦҲȥɡ漴ŷ˵
ŷ澪ȵѵ¾ʲôصʵжûпĶ֮ʥ׵ĴڣǿҲǸп˷˹Ľѡ
Էһ侲˵
ŷ˵ͷ漴뿪˻ʹżʮλħʦһ𣬳Ҷĸۡȥ
ʱҶѾջʶû뵽ϻ׼ʹϾҪɱˡ
˷˹۶ô֣ѵһˣȥйһ䣡֮ҶЦ˵
˷˹ɻүΪȥУ֪۶кֵܶĵط
ˣҿǴӦЩ壬ҪһرץߵˣȻȥһˡҶ˵
СȥͿˣͷүˡ˷˹˵
ûϵҲû顣Ҷ˰֣漴ɫһ䡣
ȻرʶҶڣԸܵһɹɱϢۡΧ
Ҷ쵱ųʶʱͿĸۡΧˣһӣвԶ¥ϣվһλλħʦ׼ǿħ
ţ
ҶЩɻôͻȻ֮䣬ˡ
˵ܹ˹ֻйˡ
ѵǸȺойأ
ҶͻȻǰĿ˷˹жʱȻ
ˣȻıˣǿ˷˹ȴû˿仯
϶Ⱥо˿˷˹Ļù˲ϳˡ
үж˷˹ͻȻ˵ϾǾŽ۷ǿߣʱѾԸܵȺħʦħˡ
λ´̴ǸӵĻ񣬹϶ϳ㣬ҪǶˡҶ˵
ү˷˹ʱʧɫ


1213 ɱȥ
Ҷĸۡ棬һΧסΧĸ¥ϻ๭֣׼ۡ
ԶŷһȺħʦ׼ǿħ
ǽ˲࣬Ծͷħ
ǹǿܵնЩŤˣǳĿ¡
˷˹ԸܵһսϢʱɫ䣬Ҷ죺үô죿
ȻϳǣĶϣȻػأ׼ӭսҶ˵
үôˣγĳȥ˷˹ЦֻһŽ۷Ĵʿּڵ۶㲻ʲô
ʥ׵ǿߣڵ۶Ҳܳĳȥ
Щħ㹻ˣҶóһöռָ˷˹˵³˹ǰƵģȥðɣ
⡭˷˹̽ռָһʱĿɿڴ
Ϊкܶǿħᣬߵʥ׵Ľ䣬кܶ࣬ȼħᡣ
뵽³˹ʵ˷˹ûôˡ
³˹λҲǴӵͼһɳģħʦϲƾᣬϾⶫ㶪ȥɱкͷ̫ˡ
ֻ³˹ΪԽԽߣЩƵС⣬ûˡ
Ҷ콫Ҳֻʹ͸£ԼõģԼԷһȺˡ
үЩħᣬǺʹˡ˷˹˷ܵ˵
кܶ䰡ʹܹһΣܹʮΣһٴ
ȻػذɣǿҪסȻͱɱˡҶҡҡͷڻԸ۹ҪԸҲǶԸ͢۹ԼҪ
ǣү˷˹˵
Ҷ쵱һ߳˷˹æȥһץһ䣬һץһķϵᡣ
ˣ
ŷ濴ҶͿ˷˹ʱ򣬶ʱһ
ҶĿԶŷ棬Ц˵ŷķʦҶôѺãȴýдңδ̫˰ɡ
˭˽Ѳˣһɱ͢оҲΰŷ浭˵
ҶɨΧĳһۣŷ˵׼ô죿ɱңץһȥ
ϾȰ㻹־ܣֻҪϹ͢ʣǿԴᴦŷ˵
ʵ̣͢һҶ챻ץסǾֻ·һ
̫źˣҿɲ־ܣҶ쵭Ц
ŷĿһôֻܶԲˣż
ŷһ£ΧĹǣʱҶһȫЯǿԪ˺˿ռ䡣
ħܣ˷˹һеһ˳ȥ˲䱬ֲĺڰǵΧ۳һž޴ĺɫơ
䣡ЩʸЩ棬һۼûУȫסˡ
ʲôŷɴ۾ǽ伶ķħȻھ֮Уⲻһʥħʦõġ
ֽԷȻһλħʦߺڰħʦˡ
ǧʱ򣬿˷˹ٴӳһᣬʱضΧķҲȫˣһ˫˫԰׵ƣðһʿ
ʿ棬Ÿۡĳɱȥ
ҶͿ˷˹ôǺ棬ȫ˳ȥŲԶĳȥ
˷˹ͷųһħҶһС
ߣŷһѾ׼õĽ䣬ʱеҶͿ˷˹ȥ
ȻһڰħܵΧֵסĹ
ΧĿռ䣬ײ£˲ˡ
ŷ־ŭԷȻôᣬҪ֪һļֵͲôֱ࣬Ǯ
ŷ滹Ǵ׷ȥ
ŭ˷˹ӳһŽ׵ħᣬʱһ޴Ŀƽ׾𣬳׷ŷŰȥ
ħᣡ
ŷͫһѪˡ
æֹ˳ľŽħԼҲֻܽΧħʦ
ȻǵסħѾҶͿ˷˹Ӱˡ
ŷķʦô죿׷׷һħʦʵ
ŷߵǻȥȺãȥ
֪׷ȥҲûã˭֪Էжٸᡣ
£ŷٸϻػʹ
ͼɭԴ̶ڵȴϢǿŷվ
ŷķʦأŷ滹ǺŵģϾֻۡҶͿ˷˹ˣôŷĶ֡
Ǹӵˡŷ̾
һԵĴ̼ɭԴʱŷķʦʵѵߣ˵㲻ץסǣ
ŷԴŭѹסԼụ̆кܶʥ׽䣬ڸղţڰħܵסҵĹиħᣬȫǮ׷
ʲôȻн伶ľ᣿ʱ𾪵
һԵļɭԴҲüͷ伶ľᣬкܶ࣬ȷֲŷ棬Ҳѵֵġ
Ͼ׼ҲҪһʱ䣬˼ҾֱԵģȫܱȡ
ȻԼҲһЩᣬ˭ӣ
ŷŲԼ࣬ķƳĽӵֻΪ˰͢
ʵϣڣﶼǳˬ͢ģϾ̫͢ǿˣֻ¡
̣ѾȥϣҪҪɱʵ
ȻԼʿȥҲô˵͢ﲻý
ȻҪһʮоһЭ棬ҲȥϣŷķʦܹһȥɭԴ˵
εĿľץˣôܽǷߣץסҲҪһԣᱻֵ̻ġ
ãɳһæ˵ͬʱһԵŷ棬Ҫ鷳ŷķʦһˡ
ŷȻвˬǵ˵ͷ˵һᾡЭ̸¡
ҲֻǾƴϾץסҶ죬ҲûкôŲԸ͢ء
ɭԴȻҲǴһʥħʦܱԼһȥҪá
ңʱŷҲò֣Ͼսɱңɱ㡣
һ˶ʱƺƵظ⡣
ʱҶͿ˷˹ѾϣѾһȺΧˡ
ǧ
˷˹һӳᡣ
һ˲䣬ʿ˳ɱЩ
ҶͿ˷˹ԼͻΧ뿪Ŀǻء
һʮоܿڼɭԴ̺ŷĴ׷ˡ
ϰۼڳ⣬ʹʱһսɱ졣


1214 Ұ
ү۶ľǽǹֻ˳Ӳƴ˷˹Զһʱ˵
ҶЦ˵ȨѾѹ˻ȨȻ޷п϶ˬҲֻɵӦ͢͢ȣҪɴģֻܹ̻ԿڲУһ´̻޷ȹ
ү߰ɣҴסЩһ˷˹˵
ţָľãú˷ѣⶫ³˹ʱƳҶ˵ͷ˵
ˣү˷˹˵ͷ
漴Ҷǧһȥ
˷˹ôҶһ㶼ģʶʱ۹Ȼӷġ
ͬʱѾ֪ͨˣԮ
㻹ǹԹ־ܰɣԶŷд˵ǿħӳȥ
ԱߵĲԶɭԴҲħȣעǰҶһˡ
ʮоһҲ
үûոǷϻ˷˹һֱӳᣬһʮоȥ
ǿĽħʱս
ŷɫһ䣬æµħʦ÷ħ
ɭԴҲǴʧɫǵһο˰ѽħ᲻µˣôǮûһܼӰ
ȻаǼɭԴҲòͷųħǺ´̣ʵѾﵽʥħʦ۷徳磬ס仹ǿԵġ
ֻǵ¾ûôˣʱоҲ˼ǧˣһˡ
ǽ
ŵЩоǰˡ
ߣ˷˹һش׷֮󣬶ʱ󳷣ͬʱٴӳǧĽ䣬ٻʿŷͼɭԴǡ
˷˹̶ʱӳˣɭԴҲûƢˣΪʲôŷûץҶԭˣôᣬȥҲûá
ϽͻΧ׷ȥɭԴ
ڶԷֻܽץסôȵԷصأô˾ͱץˡ
ʱɭԴص͢ͻᱻһ²ԺȨ֮·ǳá
ˮ죡ŷ׼õĽͷųǰʿ࣬ǻʿɱϾ˷˹ӳĽ䡣
һʮоʱЩʿɱȵǽЩʿʱҶѾԶˡ
ңٶʧ˼
ɭԴŷٴ׷ȥ
˷˹һӳ׷һߴŻصķ񱼶ȥ
һսһݡ
˷˹ķһٶˣоҲֻʣˣʧ룬ѼɭԴ۲ѡ
ŷĳֻʣʮˣȫûԶˡ
̣׷ȥ¾Ҫץסˡŷ˵
ɭԴɫѿʧôȴԷһһ䶼ûɱֱǲҰܡ
˭뵽˷˹ȻһٶᣬҪ֪۹ʮ룬Ҳõһٸᡣ
˷˹ûЩᵱ£ȴǰѼɭԴŷ涼ۻˣǳʹ֪ϧħİܼӡ
׷죬нᣬǾͷɡɭԴ漴˵
ŶԷôᣬҲ̫˼˰ɡ
ʵϣ²û˷˹ĽѾˣڿʼЩŽס˽׵ħˡ
ȻûнˣɱɭԴʱ˷
ŷҲ˿ֻҪǽ伶ħᣬʥħʦֵɶˡ
ңоͳʧҲСܶˡ
ȻڴʱͻȻǰ죬ղŻô̫ȴһӰͬҹ
ɭԴŷʱ𾪵̧ͷ
ֻԶУȻˣЩ˱ϻֱһսʿ
ãǻص壡
ɭԴŷ涼ɫ䡣
ৣ
ǾŵʱһʸѾǱʮ֣ÿһ֣һӾͰѳĸɸɾоҲˡ
Ƚ仹Ҫ¡
µǣЩ˻Ѿ׼õľʯǿֲʯŵüɭԴŷֻħֻܷסԼΧһ֣ЩоͲˡ
̣Ͻɣŷ
ߣɭԴǰ׳գʱ˵ץסҶˣ׷ȥԼҪˡ
˴ŲдļҴ۶
ЩҲûм׷ڰ̤µĴ£ػء

۶ɭԴŷŲдоͼǧǱӻˡ
ţһսҲܲʮоս
оǹ͢ľʮ˾ȫһȻֻʣˡ
ңʥħʦţҲֲ̫˰ɡ
£һӵһٶ伶ľᣬص;ǲʧءŷ˵
Ŵ֪ͣ˵Щʲôˣһٶ伶ħᣬҪٽҲܹ
ң伶ħᣬҲõġ
Щ伶ħʥħʦɲóģԼõġ
һܼӣԶĲĶڵѪ
һԵĵ۹Ԫ˧ߵ㲻˵췴ôû˵˰ɡ
ô֪ˣӲͷƤ˵
ˣˣӦôӦصıɡһ漴ɭԴ̳˵̸£صʵǳǿǾ壬ҲʶǵЩ۹ˣǴ۹͢İ
²صģѾϢ͢ˣ˲۹һҿ԰õģʱ͢ЭһʥҵҲᵽɭԴɫ
Ҳ֪ƾ۹ǻصĶ֡
ǾͶлˡ˿
£ڹ͢ûеҽȵǧȥأأһսȻܶʱصĽбҪ۹˵
˵ͷ˵˵
˵Ԫ˧˵黹ҪԪ˧ȥһˣصʱֻܽˡ
·ģֻҪûͲһ˽۹۹Ԫ˧ᶨ˵
ŷķʦϣԪ˧һȥǻʼħţҲȥŷ˵
Ȼŷ˵ͷ
Ҳȥģģǹܿ͢ͻɭԴ˵
˵ͷ͢Уһǳš


1215 սԱ
ء
Ҷһ˴˿Ѿˡ
³˹ڳſӭӣһЩ죬ѩվˡ
лѩվ֣ԼǸسֵġҶ쿴ѩվ˵
ѩ΢ЦǾɲ֮ˣ
һ仰ѩվ㲻˵ˡ
ʱദǾѾǳҶˣԴӽ֮ž˿ڵڻҲûһ˱ץˡ
λȸɣһҪҪߴҡҶ˵
һ죬³˹Ϳȫ˳Ĵ
Ҷ쿴˵м´ҿ֪ܲʵǺڰ͢һλͽӳڰ˽ʥʱ͢׷ɱҸ
ʲô
һԶʱɫѿǶԺڰ͢ӡɲãȹ͢ӡҪڱ˺ڰ͢ǰȴǺڰ͢ˡ
Ҷ״ٴ˵ôദӦ֪ҵ룬ҵǴһ干֮ͬǺƽ֮ǣҲĳǳأɲֻ壬ֻ壬Ǿ͹ƽƽ𣿡
˵˼ǣѩվʵ
Ҷ쿴˵ֻҪԸػ֮ǵķɷ棬ػ֮κκˣôͿס֮ǣҵа壬ͬҲ壬ǺڰħǣǹʹǣֻҪԸ⣬Ժһ֮ǡ
һĿɿڴõ
ѩվҡͷⲻܣЩħʹôԸǺƽ
֮клǾ֮УҲкڰ飬ԣħ֮УҲһЩõġҶ˵
Щڰ鶼Ǹħƻģѩվŭ˵
ҶЦ˵ȻħǿԹƻڰ飬ΪʲôǲܹƻħǺʹأ
һǲܹɹħǺʹǣǾȻҲԸǺƽѩվ˵
һԵĿսʿ쿨ؿ˵ܹɹ֮ǰ˭Ż֮ǻΪƽĳǳأ
Ҳ˵ͷ
Ҷٴָ˵ʱѲصˣǿÿһڻ֮ǳֵˣҲֲץסУɳȥһЩӢѾӸὫʮأ໹а¾ִܵˡ
Ǻڰ͢ˣڵǻ𣿡
Ҷһʵ
ѩվ˳ĬһУǶǳ
ڣ֪鷨ʦʱҲû˿֡
Ҷôһ˵˶оЩԼʱ䱻ʲôʸ
ұʾǸ⣡ѩպܿǸˡ
ǾǳȻˣôǸͺˡ
ҡҡͷЦ˵ѩշ˲ˣǾڰ͢˺ǵȷԾ岻顣˾ȵģѾǺڰ͢ˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ιݣǣ͢Ѿ֪Ҿ˿Ӧ֪͢׼򣬽ǻ᲻عǻء
һɫ䡣
ǳģǽ֮ǰǳģǲԼʱ˻ɭֺħɭ֣ҾԲңѾΪ׼㹻ʳҶ˵
³˹ʱǰóһЩռָءˡ
ǿûнӣǼᶨ˵˲ˣǿսʿڻĺܺãԸٻصħɭǸµĵطҪߡ
Ҳһ˵
ǰ壬ľƣǺܶǵθڡҲЦ˵
ѩվҸ֧ˣô飬ұ֪ͨŮʣֻŮʲܾ
ӦõģҶ˵ͷ漴Ը³˹ѩվȥ
Ҷһ˵ǿҪһڻأǽҪٹ͢
Ϳǲˬˣߵ
ʹ֮ɫ嵱Ϲ͢ڰ͢ʤ֮ǾȻ˵ǹסĵ̣ǸϽħɭ֡
ǰ˻һֻҪǶħȨȣȴǰˡŭ
Ǿȫ汸սɣ
Ҷվ˵һ֮ǲݵ࣬ҪĵطȻȶǳ֣ҲͱҲˡ
ڻҪһǧӣõ𣿡Ҷ漴
Ц˵үģǻ۹ȫƽĵط˭ҪؾסЩǣ˿ѾﵽʮڣһǧȫûѹǵĹʸǱĵط屶
ǾͺãЩ齻ȥ죡Ҷ˵ͷſģλ̫ˡ
죬Ҷ˵˵սʿս׺ǶѾˣôҪһǧӴս׺һЩеȵȣ
ˣֻҪʯ㹻ǰ˿Ǵ졣˵
ʯȥ³˹㹻ĿʯҶЦ˵³˹˲ƳȥΧתһȦʯ㹻ˡ
˵֮Ҷ쿴գ˵ôڣսʼˡ

Ҷ£֮ǶΪսȫš
ѩվȥ֮󣬽¸˾ŮʣŮʺԥشӦ˰æٴɳλħʦʮ֡
⼸Ǿһˡ
ȻҶ׼սʱ۹Ҳûš
۹ǧѾڵ۹Ԫ˧Ĵ£˻ظƺأ￪ʼߴĳǽսݡ
˫սǰĶԱ˭ûмŶ֡
Ҷı۹Ҳ͢ͷ˫š
ү֮һȺˡһ죬³˹˵֪ͨҶ졣
Ҷ쾪ȵʲôҲ֪
ʯ壬ʵǳǿ󣬾С߽׵ʵһ궼ǾŽ׵ģдﵽʥ׵ʮȫʥ۷塣³˹˵˵
ôȾ廹ҪǿˡҶ𾪵
³˹ҡҡͷиŮʾˣңʯ˿ں٣£ʳǿսʿһٱԼǵ˿ڣֻһˣһ˶ȫԱ
ǺðɣһҲȵϼӣˡˣðǴʵս׺ʵǿҶ˵
үģѾ֪ͨˡ³˹Ц


1216 
صսʥ𶯣ڵĺڰˣԼܱ߼ĵ۹ҲĿͶ
ϾһԸ͢սȨ
ңսҲǺеġ
͢һսΪʥսʥڵĵ۹ȫǲŻۡ
͢Ҳһǧоλ´̣ϱ۹ļɭԴ̣Ǿһλ´̣һɷǳǿ
˵͢ɳôǿΪ˶ԸҶ죬ǶԸɭ֣ԼЩ塣
Ͼڹ͢һҶ죬ֵһᣬֻоŮλﵽλ񼶱ǿߣصġ

֮ǣ
Ҷ쿴һ죬³˹ʵ͢Լʥ˵˵
Զȫע³˹
³˹˵˵˵ǵıǿĹ͢һǧоλ´̣Լ´ħʦš
ʥ˵ˣЩ۹ЭҲֻǱ͢ȲܲսģɳĶӣʤ࣬ÿһ۹ɳһһǧĴһʮ۹һǧ
ټ۹ڻܱߵǧǾһڰǧ
³˹Ļ£˶ǵһ
ôӣҲǳˡ
˼һˮû㡣
˵˵ǵıҶ쿴ɫ䣬ɵü˵
³˹ص˵ͷ漴˵սʿлһ׷ƻʿǧˣõĺã
˿ڿսʿǷǳš
Щսʿװ˰˴쾫սףʵһ¥һ׷ƻʿǼֱǾеľ
³˹˵ǧ⻹ǱعƣսĽ
Ҫ͵ϮĻһ׷ƻʿԻǧˡ
ǻֺ鷨ʦǧˡ
ٶȷǳ죬ȫֻ֣Ҫһӡ
ңٶȣ͵ϮʱԽмʮ֣ϰֵЩˣ͵Ϯ
зеսʿǾǿоɱֻЩħʦܶԸ
ħʦǾ͸ӿˣλħʦһȥһ׷ƻʿҲ
һսʿʮսʿ³˹˵
սʿҪϾ֣ǵսȻǿ𵽵ȴȱ١
һսʿǾԿһǧӡ
ⲻǰǿҪԭ򣬱ϵս׺ЩǰǴõս׺
ϾǸԼ˾ӵģǱԼ˵ģȻҪǴõս׺
󣬱¼һʯˣǵսӦˡ³˹漴ЦָָԶͬʮ¥һʯ̹ɭ
̹ɭΪʯ죬ʵûпǰĿսʿ쿨ػҪǿӴֱսϵսݣǹǵ
Ҳȱ㣬ǾĿ޴ܵзħʦĹýС
֮⣬һǧǲҪСһǧǲаǴõս׺ÿһֻѪҽΪѪǾ
Ҷ˵
Ѫǣ˴һ
ѪȻȲ׷ƻҲ׵ħޣһǧÿһֻѪǣսֲ̫ˡ
Ͼ׷ƻʿȻǿ󣬵ֻһˡ
ѪǾȴһǧˡ
ҶܹŪôħޣһ춼Ƿǳ棬֮Ҳеġ
ˣһҩ԰Ϊлǽľ磬Ҳǰҵıꡣ
Ҷ漴óһЩɫҩ衣
ҩ軹ϾųƳģʥ۷ǿһô԰ͻƿǼʲֻɡ
ϾƳ֮ͽҶˣϾҶ쵱ݴ½죬ⶫԽЩݴ½й׵ʥǡ
ʣ²٣Ҷ֮Уǰñˡ
Ȼֱ
λʦĽ
찡ɵļʣҲ˼ˡ
һ춼ǳ˷ܡ
ǻܾҶı꣬ϾǰҶҲǰԼˣֻ̫ˡ
λǿսʿ죬죬ȵȣǶʥ۷ǿߡ
ԱߵĿ𺳲ѣȻλ񣬵ֲıҲһο
үĳǿ顣а뵽
һһŵҩɵĳɹʣһпԼ컯ˡҶһ˷һŵҩ漴˵
лˣصæл
ǳĻᰡ
Ҷ˵Ըıһˡ
Ͼ֮󣬾Ůӵвǿ
ͬʱжҶظɻˡ
ΪҶȻͳֱ˵кֱܶȻҶкֱܶѵû鼶
˲ؿ˿³˹ǰֻʥ׵ħʦڿ۾Ϲˡ
ûм룬ص˵µҩʼλƿ
Ҷ졢³˹Ҳڿš
һԵĿ˷˹Ͱ̤£пصĶӿգԼصŮգһĽؿſǡ
ҶЦ˵ܹﵽʥ۷壬Ҳĵҩ
лү˷˹˶ʱذл
˭
ӵǿӵвǷǵ롣
䣡
úʵǿĿأһƿλ񾳽硣
ͬʱʯ̹ɭҲλ񾳽硣
ҶԴ˲û⣬Ϊ˵ʵǿûеҩ֮Ҳܽλ񾳽磬ǰһˡ
Ȼغ̹ɭȻɹˣλȴֻѩվɹˣȻʵʧˡ
Ҳɹˣʧˡ
֮ܶҶĶλλ񣬶˵ʲôǶЩ˵ȴĸǿˡ
һ㶼͢ʥ˵ˡ
ϲǣҶЦſ򼤶Ŀء̹ɭˣ漴Ƶλ죬˵ҲҪʧֻҪδ˹͢һһĵҩһλ񾳽硣
лˣ˶ʱĸл
Ҷ˰֣˵һսָȨҽˣǽҪӿңҾԲսʱκ
һﻹϾҶǵĻԵ̫ˣǱѸԵȺ¶Ըˡ


1217 ǽ
⣬һߴĳǽƳһ㣬صܱ߰Χ
Ƭǽĺ棬ǹ͢ʥ˵ĴˣȻ۹ľӡ
ǺѹѹһƬʿǳ𺳣Ͼнڵˣʵ̫׳ˡ
ʱһ޴Ĵ֮УڷһųԲӡ
һʥ˵۹ӵָӹ٣й͢λ´̣Ȼ۹Ԫ˧ȫΧ¡
ɭԴ۹˽ƣ˵ɡһλϵĺ´̿˵
ɭԴ˵ͷ漴ɨһۣ˵м⣬ʱǶڷصĽȴһֱûнֻڱ߷޽ǽǿһӡ
⻹˵ǲһأЩİæôĶ֣Ȼֻܷһλʥ˵۹ָӹ˵
ǧСǣСǣҲС˾壬ǵʵǸЩսʿǡɭԴߵ
ͿսʿĿ£֪Զǳء
̣ȻǲǾͽɣϾѾˡ۹Ԫ˧˵
֮ǰҪҶĽԲ޽ôߴĳǽȴû뵽Ҷûнǰæһ
Ҫˣ۹ҲͲ»صˡ
ǿ϶ģô෽Ҫѡһָӹ٣ҲǴˣһָףٶľҲ·һɭԴ˵
һ˶˵ͷܹǹ͢ĺ´̣ǵ۹Ԫ˧󽫾սʶ֪ġ
Ϊ֪ǲŶԽָӹλÿأϾָָܹӹ٣λ̫ˡ
Ȩȫһ壬˭ϲ
ֻλòʲô˶ϵġ
Ͼ͢ǿһ
УҶλ´̡
ɭԴ̿˵ָӹ٣Ƽ۹Ԫ˧Ͼ۹ǵ۹ܲһָӰɣ
л͢Σ۹Ԫ˧ʱЦݵվ˵
˼״ȻЩˬҲ޷Ͼ۹й֧֣͢˭Ҳܺ۹Ԫ˧λá
Ȼ۹Ԫ˧Ϊָӹ٣Ҫָǵľӣɲô׵ġ
ϾЩʥ˵ĵ۹˴֮ҲǵжԵģܹæǱ͢ģҪǳȫˡ
ǹ͢ˣҲ۹Ԫ˧˵ףָӹٵȨСҪλ´̶۹Ԫ˧֧ȡ
Ԫ˧ڣˡɭԴЦŶ۹Ԫ˧˵
ƲƲ죬۹Ԫ˧ͼɭԴ֮ĳЩףָӹٲô׻õġ
۹Ԫ˧漴ʿһ޴ĵͼͼر˻أħɭֺ;ɭֵĵϸϢ
ϸĵͼҲֻ۹У⸱ͼ˶ָӹЩŷˡ
λ
۹Ԫ˧סеļһָӰָŵͼһطɫǻ֮ǵλãħɭ֡Ͼɭ֡
۹Ԫ˧ָӰȥԿ˻֮ǵԽʱüͷ
ڵĻ֮ǣɲ֮ǰĻ֮ǣѾҶĽˡ
ڽµĻ֮ʱ³˹ħɭֺ;ɭ֣ΣյĵطΪ֮ǵȻĳǽҪ͵ħɭеħޣоɭеľ壬ǿľŮʡ
·ûԸ·
۹Ԫ˧ָӰָ֮ǵǽ֮ǵĽʦȷǳǽħɭֺ;ɭ֮⣬ʣµǽһ汻ɽ赲ʵڲʺӴľӽֻܽһǽˡ
һǽ˵ͷǳ̹ˣ⻹Ϊ˷Щ̶ӽ֮ǣϾ֮ҲҪչܰǽĵ·
ĳǽǳߴͺʵڻ֮ǷǿĵطɵҲ֪ﲻý
ȻǽҲܷ
۹Ԫ˧ЦҪǽȻǲһЩС飬ǽ㲻ܳɹҲǵעҪԵѹ
Զ˵ͷ۹Ԫ˧ܹһԪ˧λãľ֪ʶȻǳߡ
ڣҽɭֵĳǽΪһǽħɭֵĳǽΪڶǽɽĳǽΪǽԵĵĳǽ
۹Ԫ˧˵գ˵ǽ˵ĳǽ֮⣬ǽҪȥ𹥣֮У˭Ը񣿡
˼۹Ըǽһͷ˵
ǽȻ·ߣΣյħɭֺ;ɭȴǰȫˡ
۹ĶԸһǽ͵ڶǽҲиԵĴ㣬ϾҲȫϾʱԵĵǿ
ȻΪ˷ֹЯֱ͢ɳһλֹ͵Ӧ
һ׼ú㳯ŵĳǽķڶƺƵôض𶯡
Ѿʶۿս³˹һʱͷĶЩϢ׼ȷظ˿
и̾͢һʥ赲λ̽ӣȴ޷赲³˹λ
Ͼ͢ôҲԵĵˣô¡
գʱټһս¡
³˹Ϣһ죬漴˵ȻѾǵǽˣôҾͰǵɣһǽڶǽǽҪһܵȵǸ֮ʱǵһ̫Ǳˡ
һͷȻ֪˵˵ĶȻҪһж
ЩҲѷǱǲܵġ
ֱ˵ȥǣǿսʿһǽĵˡ
˵Цˣĳǽҡҡͷ漴죬˵ԷУٶ죬εжͿˡ
ֱɡЦ˵
˵ͷ˵ʮ˶飬ֳ֣պֺ鷨ʦҲֳ֣Ƿֱӵһǽ͵ǽĵٶȿ죬֮Ҳܼʱϻμӽս
û⣡
λȫͷ
ڵڶǽո˵꣬Աߵ³˹㿪˵һү׼ǲᣬұ֤ûһ˿Խ
Զʱ˵ͷ͵³˹һ˵ʵӦˣ˵Ҷ׼
Ǿڵĳǽӭӵ˵ĵɡŵ˵


1218 սʤ
ǽķĳɽ֮У˼۹Ϊ飬״Ż֮ǰ
Ȼλ˼۹ָӹٷǳӢûаѶ۳һ壬Ƿֿ
һﵽɽ۳һ壬ױ͵Ϯ
Ϊ飬ȻˣǷȴǿһܵҲܵһʱõϢӶ֧Ԯ
ʱٽ˼۹飬ȫӪկ׼Ϣˡ
Զһɽϣ˷˹Ϳſڵϣ͵͵·˼۹Ӫկ
ǷΪ飬͵Ϯһ͵Ϯֻһ飬ʹݾˡü
˷˹Ц˵ˣǸûҪȫֻҪǵǵָӹɱĲоֻŵӻȥ
ȺǣֻҪɵˡ
˷˹ϵô꣬Ȼ
Ҳǰ׳գ˲ˣ˵ͷ˵⵹ǣмǸӦþǵˣҪڶ𣿡
ھʱȵȵȣ˯֮һٽ߰ɣȻȥ˷˹ҡҡͷ漴ˣ֮С
æȥʧ֮С
ܿ죬ʱӪأλĸ߲㣬
ʮ
λ׼Ϸʲô𣿡˷˹˵
λҡҡͷ˵ֻħ£ֻˡ
һԵ߲Ҳ˵ͷ
˷˹ͷ˵ǵӪܶɽȻصѰҵģΪ˷˴͵ϮֵΣȴҲȱ㡣
˵˷˹Цſλ
һλЦҵϵɽѣʱ򷢶ɵǿ
Ĵ㣡˷˹˵ͷ˵ϣȷˮϵ䣬úˮûǵӪկ滷ɽһˮȻᱻû֮ٷϵ䣬ǾͿǴˣȻ˴žֺ;ħʦķ
⣡
˶˵ͷڿ˷˹սƻ޲ѡ
ҹ˼۹ӵһʿϢ֮󣬲ԶУʱһƬѹѹơ
Щɲƣһսʿ
ǵıϣǾֺ;ħʦȻп˷˹뿨ա
ʼɣ˷˹
һˮϵħʦʱһλˮϵĴ£׼ħ䡣
˿µĽ䣬һչǿֲʱء
˼۹֮УʱħʦˣӦдĿֲħɵþֵˣ˷䣬׼
˵ЩħʦˣһЩǿʿܸܵɿֲħ
ȻϰʿŸոѵ·һӾѣ֯˵ˡ
ЩʿŸո֪ʲô飬ֲĽѾˡ
ֻз·һ󶴣ˮӿûеӪկ
˼۹ʿҺţȫˮû
Щˮ֮лʯǳֲЩħʦǿֵЩû׼ʿȴһûˡ
ȫˡ
˼۹ָӹ٣ҲֻܹԶܣ޷ָӾˣΪʿǶɢˡ
ӪһƬңҽˮ಻
ȻûӳӪأӪܵĴɽȻһ޴ʯһ㡣
Уհ࣬˵ԺԲӪֵط
ô˵ӪѡĻǲģֻλʥħʦħʦʵ̫ǿˡ˷˹˵
ǿټϳ䲻⣬ٲܴʤҲ̫ˡ
һսĻ˼۹һָӹٻй͢ļȫɱˡ
ʣµоΪûָӣֻʱˡ
˷˹һ˴;׷죬ʮˣŷػ֮ǡ

ͬʱھɭߣһǽķ
޺۹ָӹٵĴ£ӾɭֵΧŵһǽķ
ϧǵжѾ֪ˡ
ķͬǶʮսʿֺħʦԼλ
ָӹǰ̤¡
̤ûп˷˹ľ츳ֻܾԼеڵ˽뾫ɭ֮λ䣬þɭеһÿòԶˣЩûв޺۹ʿ
޺۹ʿû뵽ΧĴͻȻɵˣӦ֮£ʧء
ִ˷ΧǼʸ
ЩȻ֣ȴƾŶʮһɵɱȾֵͲ˶١
ħʦʱط䡣
޺۹֧Ԯʿӣôǿ֮£ѹûʲôͱˡ
ֻٶˣҵӳ˾ɭ֣һɢӣһսûˡ
̤漴ʾػ֮ǡ

ڵڶǽҲħɭǱߡ
ͬһǰһʵǿһ飬߰Ȼ߰ȴһûӳȥ
飬ȱˡ
ȫɱ
Ϊ̤ħɭֲúһȺħޱˣĶ׵ħޣǿʥޡ
ħ޴߰ûˡ
һûлӳħɭ֡
ħɭֵضѪȾˡ
ȤЩ̫ˣȥ϶ǲʱȤˣ
³˹ħ޴ЦЦػ֮ǡ

鱻ݻٵϢפ֮󣬰۹Ԫ˧λ´ڣȫˡ
ǲû뵽ʧܣҲ̫˰ɣǲŸոյִĳǽãڽӪأ׼
û뵽⻹ûԼһѾʧأʿĴ̫ˡ
˱ĸǿ󣬵Һ֣˵Ķδ̫Ѹˣ·ȫ֪ǵսƻһ
۹Ԫ˧˵
ĿɨܣЩɡ
֪սƻģҲˣмϸҲЩ˵С
м۹Ϊеĵ۹пܳ۹ģϾֻҪ۹ڻ֮ǵս֮ʧܴôȵʥս֮ǱԹ۹ˡ
ֻ͢˵飬ֵ۹۹֮ս
Ԫ˧ػɣÿ۹ľ֮Уǽ͢ļ⣬Ѿʥڸǵ٣ǾɭֵľŮҲ޷ǡɭԴ̳˵
ĻǾǶԷ˲ӣٶȲŻô죬ͬʱǽĵˣʮӦòõ۹Ԫ˧Ȼɻ
λ´Ҳɻ󣬹ԴҲ뵽һλλڼǡ


1219 ʹ
֮ǡ
ſҶЦ˵ţЩ˾ˡ
үǵʵݻ׾٣ֻ֪үֻҪǣҪ۹߹͢ʵ
Ⱥˣûһ飬пսʿ쿨ءʯ̹ɭ죬ѩվλȺˡ
ǵľ̫ˣ۹ȴʱԻ֮Ϊݵأǵ
ҶЦֻҪһδʧܣ͢ͻͶǱһδǵȵһ죬Ǿͻ֣ᷢԼѾûڶԿǻ֮ˣµʱʥ˵Щ۹ᱳѹ͢ˣȻշЩ۹״ݻٹ͢
¹Ը⿴һĻ϶ǲ½磬һеġ˵
þ¡Ҷ쵭˵
һ⻹һθܵҶ¶ǿơ
ǰһֱûбֳүǻ֮ǿˡ
үˡг˼
оԼһҶʱ򣬾Ѿ׸ıˡ
ȥ׼սɣҶ˰֣漴ĿͿȥ
գҶ漴ӦһԼһ߷ʱĽҲǳ졣
治׼ǿĺõط
ҶֻҪĵؿϷΪȻ
ѹкܶȥ磬ԭĺôôࡣ
ҲҶãã͵õµı
󣬹͢㿪ʼԻ֮Ƿ˽Ҷһ߲ռ䣬һһԹսͬϷһ㡣
սܼ򵥣һǣһسǡ
͢ǱнӽڵĴÿιǶǧһһ֮Ϣʱ䡣
֮ĻǺӣѾʬˣҲѾѪȾˡ
˫Ѿɱ۾
ߴĳǽϣսʿսףֳսϵؿɱųĵˡ
һλλֺ;ħʦĴ֧Ԯ˳ɱǽµĵˡ
ǳ𺳡
̣ȥǰ취ˣѾʮˣѾǧˣ˲˲ʮˣȺսʿ̫ˡ
۹Ԫ˧˵
ǧʮ
̫ˣǹսҲ̫ˡ
ɭԴɫޱȡ
ǿ󣬱ĸӿ¡
λλ´˿֣Ÿߴĳǽÿһܴʿ

ڴʱһʿŵ˽˵Ԫ˧ˣǰʯˣһʯˣʧأҪ˱ˡ
ʲôʯˣ۹Ԫ˧𾪵
ʯˣж٣ɭԴæʵɫޱ
һˣǵ̫ӴˣǾŽ׵ǿߣоŸʥ׵Ĵڣֱ޵УǵħʦѾľħ޷Ըǡʿµ˵
۹Ԫ˧ͼɭԴæܳȥۿ
ֻԶսϣһȻӻ֮гӴͬһСɽһ㣬һűܹʿһȭܰѵ顣
ֲ̫ˣ̫ˡ
һʯˣֱսݡ
Զ͢ħʦǣѾ뾫ħʦƴʱľħʱֻܸɵۿЩʯսŰ
̶Ƭ֮䣬һʯɱʿ㳬˰ˣȥƻᱻ¾һա
̣
۹Ԫ˧ʱˡ
ɭԴɫޱȣæȥļ´̣˾ۼһ𣬿ʼ׼ħ
Ǵ˵еĿռ䡪֮ţ۹Ԫ˧Աߵŷ֮ɫ
۹Ԫ˧ʲô֮ţħ𣿡
ħ䱾ûŷҡҡͷ˵ħԴһռ֮ţҲ֮ţռ֮ͨ磬ʱǲ齵ˡ
ô˵ʹսˣ۹Ԫ˧ʱϲ
ŷ˵ͷ˵ٿٻλ£֮Ǳذˣ㾫Ů˶ûá
̫ˣ۹Ԫ˧ʱ˷ܵ
ʱżɭԴǵħﵽβжȻѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬͸ҵİɫâ
ͬʱԶڻ֮ǵҶ졢³˹ˣҲӦǿĿռ䲨
ЩħʦȤһȺ˶ѣֻƾħԹһռ֮ţһЩλ񶼲ǡ
ҶĿ⿴͸˿ռ䣬Ǹռ֮ţ뵽
³˹ʱҲˣ˵ү齵ˣҪ³𣿡
ֱĿռ֮ţֻܳλ٣Ǿ㹻ˣһԿžСҶ˰֡
³˹˵ͷ漴ȥ֪ͨˡ
Ͼֻλ񣬲Ҷ³˹͸͢ʥս
֪͢ĺ´ٻ飬ʱ𾪲ѣæѩվء̹ɭаĸ½λ
λ³˹Ѿ˵ˣ͢Ǳٻ飬ƻλһ˶Ըһ𣿡

һ鵽ص˶ʱɫ
ǴʱѾˣҲ塣
ս˷ܰսʿΪ˷ܡ
̹ɭʯ˵ҲЦһȭƬ
û뵽һǻһսǺǣ
ѩվͰ̾ѡ
úǿϢȻڵ˵ĺ󷽳֣ǿֲһϯս˶ܵһɹ֮
ʱվ߰ɣǳֵʱˡ
͢ĺ󷽣ʱ֮֮У߳ӰǶɢŰɫĹâÿ˵ı԰ɫĳ
ʹǹ͢ʥмصĵͽսʹ
Ȼֻǵͽ׵սʹҲλڷ˽磬ǿˡ
ʱһʯ˵Ű֮£ʿѾ͵˼㡣
Ȼˣʹ֮ʥ׵Ĺâն£ʱһʿ

һʹֳֳǹļɭԴ˺ʵ
𾴵ʹˣǳصѾˣȺʯҲͶ˺ڰĻýǾɭԴæ˵
ʹʱ˻֮ǡ
е˶
û˿ϻʹ㳯Ⱥʯ˷ȥЩʯѾõϢѾ֮˻ˡ
ͬʱſء̹ɭˣӭ
ʹͼĴڣɲǿҰĵطһֳħȨȣһɿֲħǰһλʹûˡ
Ҷôãټ³˹żָ㣬Ȼûнλ񣬵Ѿﵽλ۷壬λҲԶˡ


1220 
λ񣡡
ܵӿϱĿֲħʹͫһ֮ɫ
ǿϵħǵĻҪǿȻλ۷弶ǿߡ
ɶˣѹָôšһʹȵ
סȻٵǳءΪ׵һʹǹ֮ս
ʹֱ˻֮ǡ
䣡
һߴӰͻȻӻ֮˳ͬһɽһ㣬һʹǰ
ʯ̹ɭ
ʲôħ޶ûдʹ쵹ǿһˣ̹ɭǰʹЦ
ʹŭⲻǰħ̫ˡ
÷ϻ˶ʱս
ͬʱսʿ쿨أа죬ѩվֱסʹ
ʮλλ񼶱ǿߣ߿սǿϵŰȥضڲ
ǻ֮ߵʿǹ͢ʿȫźȥ±ⳡս֮С
ԭȵսǣԹߡ
ôܣǾȻҲλǿ飡ߣ͢ļλ´ǣȫ𾪺Ͳš
۹Ԫ˧ʥħʦŷ棬ͣƺǰһС
ʲôʱôֵǮˣһ֮Уҳô顣
Ǹ͢˵ˣȻһλ顣
пսʿ죬а죬һȻҲΪ顣
Щ˵ʵʲôʱôǿˣ
۹Ԫ˧һ֪Щʵôǿ۹ǳĵӣҲЩȥץЩŮǡ
ң֮ǵλصɣȻܹЩˣܹЩ壬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ڳˣɭԴЩ´ǣ˿̶ԼС֮ǣС
֮ǵʵĸӿ¡
ȥ֪̻ͨʴˣѾ漰սҪ̻ʴָӲСɭԴ̳˵
λ´Ҳ˵ͷһλ´̣Դʮоһ뿪սϻع͢
ʣµˣ̧ͷеսš
ʣЩʤվⳡսʤ
֮ǱߵˣҲȫעؿеս
үӳ˿֮⣬ǶʹĶ֡һ³˹Ҷ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ
λ۷壬ҵõ³˹ָ㣬ʵǳǿ
˲Ÿոսλ񾳽磬ȻЩʹĶ֣ʱѾ·ˡ
Ҷ죬³˹ûеġ
Ϊǵʶ֮£Ѿ־ŮʴӾɭָˣƾҪӽսˡ
Ȼѩվһʹ֮ʣŮڸˣһѽסѩվҳֵס˶ʹĹ
Ůʣѩվϲɫ
ȥ죬ʹԸŮʴһʹħȨȣһɿֲ
ΪŮʣںܾ֮ǰͳΪλѾﵽλ۷壬ʵȿ١
ʹֻλڵʵܿ·磬ŮѹŴ
Ǳߣڼѩվ֮ڿԵסʹĽˡ
սʿ쿨ǲжʹ֮ʵʱʱֲܡ
ʯ̹ɭȻҲжʹǳǿ󣬶ú񣬴˿ƾԼǿķҲܹ֧ȥ
սֵƽʱŻ֮㵹
͢ǣʱʧɫһʧ
Ǽ´̣Ҳϧʩչ֮Ѿľеħ˿ˡ
̣Ǹô죿۹Ԫ˧ʱؿɭԴ
ɭԴߵͳ˧㻹ң
Ҳˣô֪ô졣
ɣõʹǰˣǿҲûк³۹Ԫ˧˵
ȻڳʹһսҰˣֻܱҪá
´̶ľħ˿ͬһ㣬ǰͲó
۹ָӹ٣Ҳǡϧ֮ˣԽͬ⳷
ʱһڶĴͬˮһ㣬źȥ
ţߣ
ǽϣ˷˹һĻʱɫһ
̤ʵҪ׷𣿡
һԿصĶӿҲս⡣
׷ȻҪ׷߾ߣǻ֮ʲôط˷˹Ц
漴̤£˵սʿһ𣬴иǴģǵħʦ;ħʦһľħ޷ǡ
Ȼ֮Ҳйֻ֣Ĺ֣һ˵п²Żһλ֣뾫
£ֺ̤սʿ׷ɱܱȥˡ
գһ׷ƻʿŹ͢죬ɱǵ顣գİսʿ׷ɱʣĲбסǵͣ˶顣˷˹
ǣ
֪ˡ
պͿæͷ漴ȥ׷ɱˡ
˷˹ԼҲһǧ֮ǵʿɱ˳ǣȻһʯսʿеһֻҪ
ʣµսʿͰսʿػ֮ǣԷ⡣
˷˹ţҶ³˹ڣ֮ǲܷ⡣
ңѾˣλʹҲˣﻹʲô⣿
׷ˣ
۹Ԫ˧ܿͷ׷Ļ֮Ǿӣɵɫһ䡣
ûκξȣΪ˾ʱ򣬾֪֮ǵ˿϶ɱǾԲŹĺûᡣ
۹Ԫ˧ֻܾԼĶٳˣ۹֧Ԯ飬汳
ЩǿսʿĶֱ֣ӱɱƬײ
˷˹һǧ׻Щ飬ȻҲһʯ䵱塣
ʿĵ£ʹܵúܲҡ
һ·ϣʬ壬Ǽû˷֮
һڶˣһǧ׷ɱ֮ûУⲻò˵һ漣
ʱֻҪһ˧վۼЩ㲻ܷΪʤҲܸ֮ǵľһ
Ȼ۹Ԫ˧Ǻ´̣Щʥ˵۹ָӹǣڼԼܣﻹվָӾӡ
ԣǾ
Щʥ˵۹ָӹǣмλ´̣ûһԸΪ۹ս
۹Ԫ˧ԼԸ⣬Ԫ˧ߵĵλ᲻
ʹѾҪսˣҪ˿˷˹ĴʱҲֻ·һ
ûָӹٵָӣʿѾͣ֯˷˹Ĵɱ仨ˮ
սʿֱսϵոһ·ɱ¾Ѫɺӡ


1221 
֮ǵսҪĻˡ
;ŮʽشԼĶ֣ʹҶ׷չߣˡ
ʣµʹȻռϷ磬ǿ;ŮʶսʤԼͬ飬ﻹҾҲ׷ˡ
Ҳ˷˹Ļ֮Ǵֱӱնɱǧˣʣһڴɢӣ׻ˡ
֮ǵĴʤû֮еľ񶼲ţ֮ǰЩ֮ǵ̼ңȫˣ𺳡
⻹ǵһι͢Ĵʧܡ
ʥ֮ڣֻҪǹ͢ûа̡
λʹҲˡ
֮ǿϢͬ籩һ㣬ʥˣĺڰ˶֪ˡ
һʱ䣬˽½ڷڡ

֮ǣʤ֮ǳض˻ֵĺ
ࡢ顢ˣ˺Ϳսʿʯǣȫڻš
ʤЦݣ˵ס
ҶʱҲһۼһ𣬹ʤϲá
ŮҶԱߣЩЦ˵λ³˹ҲɣұǶҪǿ󡣡
ǰ׳գҶӵѩվǽĵҩԼ϶ûг
Ļܱסͬһĵҩأ
пʵȾŮʶȴ³˹Ҷ칧һˣѵΪҶĵλ
²ܣ
ֻҶ³˹ʵǿǿĵÿҲǾһ˵ͨˡ
ΣΣ鲻ҲǴӷ߹ѩվ˵ǰɣҶЦſһԵѩվ
ѩվ˵ͷǰһˣȴ顣
ҲǴӷһġ
ŮʼҶ쳶⣬Ҳپˣǳһι͢ȻˣǺܿͻһεʹͲˣʲô׼𣿡
ܼ򵥣ɳսҲɳȥӭսҶ΢Ц˵˿ûиеԹ͢ѹ
Ůʲɵüͷ˺³˹ˣҲλ飬ǧǧҪȥֵ
أ
Ҷ˵գһֻƣĳּ徧壬ɢŸָɫʣâ쳣ҫ۶Ŀ
񣡡
ڳˣȫһȻ֮ɫ

һֻҪ֮󣬱ܹ
Ůһ𾪵ؿҶ죬˵ˣ飬Ҳжʤ㡣
Ҫж٣ֻҪ֮ǵսʿ֮УκδﵽŽ׵ˣҶԴһöǽ񡣡
ֻҲ֪һôʵ޷ˡ
Ҷ˵
ڳ˶ʱˡ
˵޼֮ǾȻҶ˵Ҫж٣··ߵĴײһ
ʵ̫ˡ
ˣ˵ܹˣЩһӶﲻʥףοǳǲܻŹĻᡣѩտЦ
Ҳ˵ͷ
⼸ˣеţ˺ܶ꣬ȻҶİ³ˡ
֮еЩŽסʥ׵ǿߣºٵ飬ǳĻᣬɵӲŲԸء
ͺãھȥͳһ±˴¾Ž׺ʥ׵ʱһһһ񣬵ȵ͢ĴҹҲܹˡ
ҶЦ˵
񲢲Ϊܹˣӵ޾ԪǲԸ
뿴ӵ޾Ԫȴһ޷Ϊһ㣬˵ʵܣˡ
ЩѾվ۷壬Ȼڿ׷ߵľ硣
ֹȻѣȴֳ˿һȥ׷Ѱ
Ķ
ûôһ飬Ҳᷢġ
ԣ򣬺Ը
ôټϺͱսʵ̫ˣÿ춼
Щеıеı󷨣õĶ١
ڣļ۸ҲܵͣٶҲ˵Ǻܵͣһٸңܹ
ǿ߾սɱԻкܶ࣬ҶǼʦ֣Ҷ첻ħ񣬻񣬻
ԣҶ֮Уڻ񣬱׼ȡҵģǷּ۸ʵ̫ˣԾûлһֱ֮С
ȴǿóˡ
ˣǿսʿŽϵҶһʮˡ˵
Ҷ˵ͷǿսʿһ壬ʵȷʵǿ󣬾ȻʮŽϵǿߡ
漴˵ǰֻ򣡡
Ҷ˵ͷڶ죬սԱ٣Ѿܲˡ
Щ˷ܵ˵򣡡
ò˷ܣΪ֮ǰʧˣȴлˡ
ʯĳ˶ǾŽףһǧʯ̹ɭ̾
˵ʵ̫ˣȴơ
˵֮ǵʱ̣ܶĿǰֻǧŽ׼սʿ
ǧˣħԼԴӲǶѻġ
Ҫ֪ҶѵӪزһ󣬿ǵħԪر༸ٱ
һ죬ȵһˣʵųɳô졣
ܺãһжʮˡҶ漴ŮʣЦʵǾʵǿ֪жٸŽϵľ顣
Ǿһٶʮ򣡡
Ů԰˵
ԱߵѩվҲһĽ
ء̹ɭȼʱһ
Ҷ³˹Ҳһ
ǵ˵ͷ˵ԪʮܹôǿߺҪ£ǲ½ˡ
ҶɻϴȥɭʱûзôŽ׵ľ鰡
ŮЦ˵ƽÿλһŽ׵ľֺһŽ׵ľħʦһʮԾжʮŽ׾顣ټҵǾʮŽ׵ľ顣
ϴȥɭ֣ҲֻôࡣҶ˵ͷ
һԵѩվЦ֪ʮŽ׵ľǰϵʣµĽһŽ׵ľǵĹ֮
ĹҶ첻ɵ¶֮ɫ
Ůʽ͵ĹǾȥķĹǴﵽŽϵľ飬ҪôʮҪôĹеĹ֮Уеĳ֮뿪Ĺǰ˸硣
ԭˣҶ˵ͷ
˹½ͨԪһʮңԪʮǾһǧٶꡣ
ôʱʲһ㣬ʵҲǿ
ֻǾ£˿Ҳ٣ȻĻ˹½Ǿˡ


1222 ͻ
Ͼǿߣô֮ǾŽϵˣһʮˡ
Ҷ΢΢˼һ£漴ȡռֱָݸŮʡصȼ죬˵ֱλһʮλ񣬶ʮλȥзɡ
Խ뺧Ȼ
֮ǰҶ˵ӵкܶ񣬻ôţһǧһ㲻ˣû뵽һ־һٶ
ҪǣЩλ񣬻λ
Ҫ֪Щ죬Ҳλѡ
ԱߵĿˣҲλ۷壬Ҷóôλλ񣬵ʱ֮Ƕôǿߣϼ
ûиµʵȥͳ˧Щ£
ϾһǿΪ硣
Ҳ뷨
̾ȲʵˣЩҲ𣿡
ءŮҲɵÿҶ졣
ǾŮʣô꣬Ҳֻһλգ֮ͱԼĲ¸ԽˣȻġ
ڣλǰֻҪԸ⣬ܿԽλֱӽλִԵʵԷ
Ҷ쿴ǰĿȵ죬ɵЦ˵ĸãҲﻹмλԸĻҿԽ͸ǡ
˵գҶó˼λ
񣬱ҪһЩҪһЩһֱΧķڲͬ
Ҳվסˣ۰Ͱ͵ضҶϵӣҲֻʣҶ³˹⡣
Ը⣬ˣԸ񣡡ԣҲ룬㹧شҶȡһöλ
һγʧܣһܹһ죬ΪλǶ˵ֱһ㡣
Ժܽ
ЦûĻ⿿Լ֪ܽλ񾳽磬˵ߵ񾳽ˡ
͢ͺڰ͢Ľ̻ʣô꣬Ҳλ񾳽ѡ
Լѡ񣬵ʱԹңҶЦ
ʱѾ뿪˹ˡ
ˣҲԸ⡣峤Ҳѡǰϲ죬ܹһӳΪӵбȺԺ󶼿Խʱ仨ڶ棬
ˣҲԸ⡣ʯ̹ɭҲѡ
ʯâ츳˱ﵽ˾ŽףȻһʱ䣬ܽʥס
츳ȻȴȱĶڿһӾӵôǿȻ̾ͬˡ
ˣҲԸ⣡
Ůʡص漴˵
Ϊһ죬ҲûѡĻᣬܲԼ³ԽһִĳԽ
ǻȺǿߣȵ֮ǰһŲϡ
ֵλһӵνܣ
գЩǣȫˡ
Ҳһ
һҶ¾Ͷλλˡ
󣬿˷˹ա̤¡յСǣʮλкܶʥ׺;Ž۷ǿߣȫλ
һλ񣬺ʮλҲ漴ȥ
Ϊʵ̫𶯣ЩŽ׺ʥ׵ǿߣڿ֮Ҳ𺳡
ԣ飬ڰнС
ЩˣڻһܵطʼִС
³˹أκⷢ
Ϊ˹½ûдԵʣֱȥһ֮󣬹͢Ŷսܣ˷Ӧҹ¡
Щ治˵ڳ֮ǣҶΪԨĴħ֮ж¾ж¡
֮ĵطҲ˵ͬ޳һ㣬͢Ǻʥڵʮ߸۹ÿ۹ɳһڴͬ͢Ĵһǰ֮ǣƽȺˡ
͢ԼҲʥ˵ףɳʮоһħţﵽʮڡ
˾ˡ
֮ǵЩ̼ǣϢ֮ϾͰ뿪˻֮ǡ
һЩҲ뿪ˡ
ʣµľ񣬲壬ǵЩ
ЩǰûԣûطסǻıԵҶĻ֮Ǹõ
Ǹ͢õĹڴĽ͢Ȼ˵ǵԨǵߵǷǡ
Ƿǳηʮڴȴ뿪֮ǡ
Ȼڵõ˸ƣ۹ļ¼棬ȻȻܡ
ֻڻ֮ǣǲƽȵĵλ
ϲҲ벻ֻܸ֮վһ
ˣϢġ
ȹվҶԱߣõϢ
֮ǵľӢȥˣ³˹ҲȥǻһЩ֮⣬ҲֻʣȺŮٶˡ
ȣǲҲ񣿡ҶϢɵЦ˵
Щ˵ῪЦĸ˲Ը񣿡
ϧֻдﵽŽףŬɣҶ˵
ˣ˵Ҳ񣿡ȶʱˡ
ţֻҪﵽŽףҾʹһö񣬶һλ񡣡ҶЦ˵
⼸ڻ֮ǵĹǳŬҶ춼һλһ㶼ں
лˣȶʱм
ҶɫЩҶҪʲôϡ
ţ
ͻȻҶüͷһһ˿ϲ
ΪڸղţоΪٶһΣﵽλھ硣
Ŷãǿ׼ңû뵽ô졣ҶʱΪʲôˡ
϶Ǵɽеķͻƾ磬ʹıҲͻƾˡ
Ҷ֪ΪտʼٶȾҪˡ
һδܹ֮͢󣬾Ҫ׼ܲ͢ˡҶ찵뵽
ֻ˹µһңĺô˹µأ
ǿ¸ܹʵ
˵ʵҶڽ˹֮ǰû뵽õô
Ͼ˹ûʲôΣգҲ֪˶ٴΣ˶ˣڶûʲôԸ˹ֵ͵ȵˡ
ҶʱҲֻǵѣû뵽ȴصõôô
ֳջҪǴ˶Ҫ𾪣Щſ»
װȻ˹ֻһλףϾף׶Ҷ˵ڻǸ߸ϵĴ
ִµ붼ò򵥣Ҳ׼ҪǶλҲʵı
ΣҶССλǾô̫ˡ


1223 
ˣôȵҶ쾪ѡ
ҶЦŰ˰֣˵ûʲôֻѣȥɣ³˹Ҳûˣõģʮڷ˴ûжãһǲҪˡ
ţȵ˵ͷҲ֪֮ǵЩǿȥˣһٶ˵ʮڷ˴ڷ˴Ҳûá
Ͼʵ̫ǿˡ
³˹һˡ
Щ˳֮ʿˣ͢ʮڴڸ֮ǵ·ϣһ¶м֮ɫ
ͷ˵Ĳ̫ˣҲڳ֪֮ġ
ǾŮʡЩ죬ȫΪλȻЩ޷ƣȫ
Ͼ½ǿĹ͢ͺڰ͢Ľ̻ʣҲֻλѡ
ͷ˵ĲܴĲ
ԽϣÿĲԽ
үǶѾˣΰţ³˹ǰ
Ҷ˵ͿȥɣǲǷأǷ͢Ĵڶ࣬ϵúڻûеִ۹ڣھͳ۹Ȼ·Ͻɱ͢Ĵ
ү׼͢𣿡³˹ȵ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ҵķѾͻƣǴҶҵôˣڻ֮Ѿû̫ôˡ
ţүȥ׼³˹˵գȥҿˡ
ʵϣҲûʲôģϾ飬һٶҪһ۹ֱ̫ˣҪսֱɱˡ
ǵ죬һλ飬ڿ˷˹Ĵ£Ҵ˻֮ǵ뿪˻֮ǡ
󣬿Ҳһλ飬뿪˻֮ǡ
̤¡այĽܳĺӣҲŸԵĶ飬뿪˻֮ǡ
һΪʮ·ɻ֮ǿʼ۹س
ҶҲʣµˣֱŴ۹ĵ۶
һܣʹû֮ΧЩǽȫˣ۹ľҲˣϾһʧ۹Ԫˣһ֮չֳʵͲ۹Կġ
ԣԴǴս֮۹Ĺھӣȫۼ۶۶
ҶĶ֮۹ĸ߲ǵһʱյϢû취ôӴĶҺ٣ʮһ·ͷ۹ĸ߲Ҫû֣Ǿİ׳ˡ
ʵϣΪĻ֮ǵĴ۹ڻΧ̽ӣҶĴһǱһʱ֪ˡ
ʱ۹Ĺæôʹ顣
λ䣬˵ô죿۹Ĺһڴ󳼣ǿ򶨵ı飬һ˫۾ȴβסеľʧ롣
ܲŰ۹ʵѹͲǻ֮ǵĶ֣Ȼ֮ǵĴҲҪµˡ
ǣŹʻ۹һڴ󳼶Ĭˣûһ˸վ
Ծĵ۹Ԫ˧е۹࣬ҲĬˡ
۹ĹʱŭˣĴǴôһ۹Ķڵ۹Ҫˣư𣿡
һڴǶЩΣͷһش
ʱһ´ӵ⴫
˲ɵûͷȥʱԾ֮ɫ
һˣͷȴͦñֱ¶ɢѪϢĿӥҪϬ˲ֱӡ
ڵˣڣڿ֮ȫ֮ɫ
˧
һæ
Ҳӭˡ
۹˧Ҳε۹Ԫ˧ڵĵ۹Ԫ˧˧ͽܵͽܡ
˧Ϊ̫ˣȻʵﵽʥףǾҲԶˣһֱڼﾲޣû˸Ҵ
ʦ
۹Ԫ˧æ˧
˧˰֣Ŀ⿴˹˵Ҳˣ飬ЩΣ
˧ˣҲΣʱҲ֪ô죬͢кܾòŵָǾԮ۹ͱˡЦ
ǰ͢˵սһǳ£Ҳ۹ùȻˣ˧̾˿
ǵսȺҲ
˰˧˸˧ӡ
˧˰֣Щ˰ɣҪıɾҳԱ뿪ֻҪҵĻ滹ڣǻܹġ
ʦǷ۹۹Ԫ˧
һԵĹɫЩѿ
˧̾ӵǶù𣿻֮ǵλ飬ֻҪһ֣ǵ۶οѵǲ֪飬ǻ֮ǳ˵ʵҪǿˡ
˧˵Ҳ񣿡𾪵
˧ߵܹôܲ飿
۹Ԫ˧һȫˡ
ѾˣһǿĴڣǻο⣿
Щ󳼣е۶ľӢһȥɣϼһص۶ҵ֮ǵǲϵõѾ۹ˡ˧漴˵
Զʱҡͷ˧ôܰһ߰ɡ
ˣѾˣһӣһӵĵطҲҪ˧˰֣漴ŵȥ
ʹֳֻܱĬ
Ҳ֪ûһзڵ۶ɵҲ֪ˣ֮ǵĴܻܿ׷ġ
һЩ׷Щ˾ͱˡ
˧һ۹̫ˣȹҪߣû˻ùˡ
λ䣬޵ôӼ̳λȫӵӣҪ˧һ۶
Σ˵
һڴ󳼶ʱʧɫ
£ɣ
£ûҪθ

һڴ
Ȼ۹ĹѾǹ뿪ˣ۹ʿͳûˣӳȥҲֻһȺбܽûлٸˡ
£Ǻһ۶˵ȻԲԣʱҲ̬ܲ
ҡҡͷ˵ӻҪǣǲΪһ
λԣʱٶˣϾҲ̬Ѿˣٱ̬һ񲻻
£һڴӵӣҺ͸ľӢǣʼϾĵ뿪˵۶ƫԶء
ϧǵ٣ܹס֮ǵһ顣
ҿһ³˹
³˹ڰ˵ǣүŲںأֻҪ۹ˣûбҪҲضɱˣǵĿĿɲ۹
ˡ˵ͷûЩ۹ߵˡ


1224 ֮
ڻ֮ʮһ·Ľ£۹ȫͶˣһЩǳĵҲڵֵ֮ɱˡ
ֻһµʱ䣬֮ǵʮһ·ڵ۶֮ʦˡ
ʵһµʱ䣬ҪǸ·ЩĴʵֻһ첻ѡ
ڻ֮ǿߵĲ£Щֵܹ
ԣҶʾ۶֮ʱʮ·Ҳ׷ǰʦ
ʱ򣬻֮ǵĴѾһǧٶǧˡ
ʣµĴ;ձģϾܶڿֱ֮ѡͶˣһЩ˷²
ǿǰûжԸΪ۹ġ
ǧ۶ΧˣЩ֮ǵ飬Ƿ۶Ŀռ䣬һ˶޷ӳȥ
ԸͶ𣿡
Ҷתͷ³˹
³˹æ˵ү˧˱֮ģҪ۹Ͷˡ
һЩ˲˵Щ¡
Ǿϡ
˧ҪΪ۹סϡ
ҶԴ˷ǳ⣬˵Ǿһ̰ɣһ񡣡
˵գһУȫˡ
ڻ֮ЩǿߵĲ£۶ķֵƬ̣㱻˳ţȻɱɱͶͶˡ
۹˧Ҳս֮бɱˡ
Ҷ漴ס۹Ϊɵ۹
Ҫ֪ҶΪһ۹֪᲻
ɨƽ۹֮󣬿㿪ʼˣ䵽ˣһص۹ĸҪһΪսʿ
ڿϸѵ£ЩʿǵʵڱϾǵӪضҶ첼󷨣һ춼ȲϹȥһˣʵ벻ǶС
۹ϢҲ֮鿪ʥˡ
͢ԴȻǳŭҹҪ۹Ѿҵ۹ĴӣǼ׼һ۹Ҷˡ
Ӧýɵ۹ˡ
ɵ۹ı߽ʱʮڴۼ͢μ˽͢һټʥ˸۹ǳ׳ۺ𺳡
ɵ۹ߣȴɿ˷˹һڶȻеʮ
Ϊʲôֻʮ
ΪʱҶ³˹Ѿʮ˹ܲ͢ʥɽ
һҶû˷ʱ䣬ÿ˷˹ЩԼ׼ûһٰγܲ͢
ʥɽϣһߴ׳۵Ľ嶼ڲ
ǣˡסеļ뵽
ڿԾȳԼˡ
ʥɽ𣿵ǲǿķħѹֿͳʥˡһԵ³˹ʥɽм˵
ҶҲǰʥɽĿռ֮ʱ֮Ѿɨӹȥʥɽģһڻطֵһҡ
˹׿ٳģ֮еһ档
³˹ˣҶ˵꣬ǻش𣬱Ѿʧˡ
ɴ۾š
˲ҲᣬǸղûиܵһռ䲨Ҷôǰʧˣ̫ˡ
үȻǿģ뵽һμҶ춯ֶΣ³˹Ҫɡ
ɣ㲻ҪȳүӦĻᡣһԴ³˹
ʱ˷ܵص˵ͷʼԼ磬ʮ˳ɱʥɽ
ʥɽصĹ͢ԱһӾͷЩ֮ͣȻǵֶǰǸû˿֮㱻Ĩɱˡ
˭
ʥɽ֮УͻȻһŭȡ
ǹ͢Ľ̻ʡ
Ҳֻλλ񣬲ܺܿ췢ֻ֮ǵʮ顣
ǣ̻ʣԶĹ̻ʣг˷ŭ
Щ꣬ǹ̻ʽǹڹ͢ģһҲžۡ
ô㣿ʵ̻һʱʧɫ漴г𾪡
ΪԼȻ͸Ϊʵ
̻ʣ벻һɣǣڰǵķϣҿһ˵
̻ʳſߵЩȥʱͫһŵ˵Щ顭ô飿
˵ȴһԵ³˹ˣɣҪϻˡ
ȻҷԣæЩʥɽԼ˹̻ʡ
ڻ֮ľ֮£͢ʥɽԱ޷ֵٻ˼ʮʹҲЩɱˡ
ʥ˵ͳߣ͢ʥɽˡ
ʱҶѾʥɽģÿռ֮Ǹңһ̤С
ڽҵһ˲䣬һɳҵĹâ㳯Ҷҫ۵ԣ̵Ҷ춼۾˶޴Ĺâסˡ
˺һҶ۾𾪵ؿǰ
һ޴壬ɢųҵĽɫâϤ𺳵һĻʱҶ뵽˲μսʱ
Ϊ֮ġ
ıԴ
Ҷ졢а֮ӡ޳ˣǿ֮ĵıԴ֮ʵսǰС
ҶԼǵǶս
ô֮ģҶǰ֮ģ־ϲЩɻ
֮ıԴһʧȥ֮ģῪʼʧ
Ϊ˱ס˹磬Ѿ˹֮ǿ󷨱סˣеҲ޷ȡ˹֮ġ
ԣǰ֮ģԲ˹֮ġ
˹ǰ֪õһ֮ġ
µı֮ĶûãǶҵôʹˡҶ첻ɵ˷
ռŲ˵ʮ㣬ѾײεģԽԽˡ
֮ģϾӵײεʱټ츳ôռٶȱˡ
ܹʵһ¥
ֻһˣһֻ֮һʹãЧ֮ǰˡҶ˷ܵ뵽
֮ǰõǿ֮ģǺа֮ӻн޳һʹõģȴֻһˡ
û뵽ֵͼ磬ȻҲôõıЩ֪Ļ»
Ҷ찵һЦ
뿪ңϵ³˹ͿʥɽĺԼʥɽ֮бչˡ
ϾҶҪĿľǵõ˹µʣµ飬Ǿͽˡ
ң³˹棬ֻҪ񣬻ϲõġ
˹֮УڶĴڣ٣ôû˽磬ּ̫Сˡ
£Ҷ֮ԼȻʼóʮ˿ʯռ䡣
ʱһһεţҶѾ飬ֻʣռ


1225 
֮
ʥɽ֮УҶ컺۾Ŀг˼˷ܡ
ʱΧ֮Ѿʧˣȫˡ
һ˶֮ģҶĽܴ׼£Ҷﵽһֿµĵز
һڣҶ콫ŷ۾͸ռ˵ʮ㡣
ʮ˿ʯҶѾʮˡ
ҪǸ֪ˣ¾ŷ۾ǶҪ𾪡
ΪҶѾԴݵʮˡ
֪ݵʮ㡢ʮһ㡢ʮ㣬൱λײΣɽİɽۣλףҲͰս˵ʮһѡ
ڣҶȴ˵ʮ㣬ռĿ£ʮĲ㣬ӽʮսˡ
Ҷս棬Ѿλˡ
һλսɾ;Ȼλףֱ漣񻰣֮УҲѳ켶š
ʮ㣬ҵĽѾˣ´ٵõ֮ҲûˣǸ߼֮ġ
Ҷ찵뵽
֮ҲܵģҶܹʵ֮ĵĹͣҪĻ츳Լռ츳
ɱˣõ֮ģҲڶ̶̰֮ڣʹﵽĳɾ͡
ԽԽѣλ׵֮ģѾҶûôˡ
ǵõλ׵֮ġ
ֻУλ׵кܶ࣬ϾĵҩԴһЩαλף淢չôԪÿһԪֻһλףôԪۻλ׵Ҳǳࡣ
ϾֻҪΪףɱôԶ
Ǵλ׽λףȴôףɽۻ˼ٸԪҲλףλ۷嶼ǡ
ԣλ׵ͺˣУλ׵ĵλҲǳߡ
һλףټһЩﻤҪɱǺѣһЩλףɱһλס
Ҫ̫ܵˡ
ԣҪõλ׵֮ģǼǲܵģٶҶ˵ǲܵġ
ʦͼλʦԸְֻŷ۾۷ĴӰ̫ˣһǳ֣ߴսġ
ңɱλףõ磬ôܻ֮óʹã
һļֵһ֮Ҫߵöˡ
˹磬䱣һȥܰС
ҶԵõλ׵֮ǲָˡ
ֻһ㣬ǱǷŻսٶȣʱ뾭ʼתƵ档
սȻǿʵǷǸϾҪףԼףҪ
ҶĿǾλ񾳽磬ȻͿųȥˣüˡ
Ѱһˣ
Ҷȡͼеǡ
˹׵ʥɽ֮⣬λЩ硱֮С
һڹ磬һںڰ硣
ңҶѾˣطǹͺڰλãҪĵطλ񣬶Ҳֹһλ
ԣҪõȴô׵ġ
ȻҶҲ˾ͷϾʣµֵ֮ĲҶòҲȡҡ
ȡܴԴ
Ҷɲɵ÷
ڵʵλҲɱңҪɱһλҲǲܵģǣҲδؿӮǡ
Ҷ찵˼š
λڣƾʮսӵλڵսټռѪս˽׵ʵѾƽλԲˡ
ֻҶĸӦ֮УĹͺڰĺڰλ۷徳ǿߡ
ҶǻԣҪɱǣǳҶӵλʵС
ң˭֪ǷʲôǿıеĻôҶǵĶ֡
οһЩλλ£һΧҶ죬Ҷ϶Уܹ߶ѡ
ԣڽҶҪúüƻһ¡
뿪ʥɽңҶ³˹ʼѰ֮顣
Ϊʥɽ濴ˣҶ첻Ҳ֪ûʲô顣
Ȼ³˹˵үʥ˵Ѿھʮǰǻˣ˷˹Ĵ֣ʥ˶ͳһˣʥ˶ɵ۹ںڰˣΪûүҲûйǳ˷չ֮⣬ûĶҲûʹ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ǵĶ̫ˣ쵽͢ûʱ֪ͨ磬鲻ˣҪѵʱҲһչؾǼꡢǧˣ̶̰˵̫ˣǳ֪ģҲҪ
Ѿȥˣүһ飬ǵͼ飬Ը˻ԣԸǿˡ³˹˵
ҶȻ˵Щ飬³˹ּҲӦĴ
Ҫ֪кܶ࣬ǳֲˣ
Ͼ˹ô꣬Ȼ
Ҷ룬˵֪Ǿ壬ǰ壬ͿսʿǣиԵǲǿЩ飿
³˹ԿЦүҲ˽֪Щ飬ȫͺڰˣںܾ֮ǰӡһЩδ֪ĵطʣµһЩС飬޷ͺڰҲȫͶͺڰˡ
ҿԽ⿪ǵķӡǳЩǹͺڰĶ֣Ҳ񾳽磬ǵļ룬ǾͲعƹĴˡңͺڰҲͷҲһ¡Ҷ΢Ц
ֻҪѹĴסˣôֻʣ¹һˣҶԼܶԸټɵΧˡ
³˹ϲү֪Щ鱻Ѻʲôط
ʱ֪ҿһ£ͺڰҲλΣǲõħɱȲ󷨣ĳɾͣҪ˶ñҶŵ˵
үעһ£ų˰ǣǩԼͲǷҧһˡ³˹ѵ
ȻҶ˵ͷ
ЩҲδضǺˣųǣʱҧҶһڣҶǰ׳ˡ
ֻҪǩԼǾͲˡ
֮УõԼ汾ԴΪһǩԼ˫ܵ汾Դļӡ
ףһΥԼҲܵ汾Դķɡ
ȻѾҪ汾Դˣһ汾ԴôԻţҲˣֻܳΪ纣һߡ


1226 
³˹̸֮ҶͿʼȥѰЩͺڰӡ飬һҵıǾȻŮ
һľϵλʵǳǿ󣬲Ըܺãսι顣
һԸܺõ飬ȴͺڰַӡˡ
Ҫ֪ͺڰɶͷܹǷ¶Թ֣ɼȻŮǿ
ǷӡȻŮɺܿЦǾǼɵȻŮ
ȻȻŮûҪԸͺڰǿʵʵ˼ɵ
Ҷ֮ѡһȻŮҪԭȻŮԸˣԸӦú˵һЩҲõıҧһڡ
ʥɽȥ֮Ҷһ·ϵ˲ƣĿռ֮̽һеط
ڿռ֮֮̽£ûκζأȫ¶ҶС
˹½ʵ̫ˣҶ첻߲ݵ̽ҲǶʱڿҵõġ
ҶҲ̽ڹ绹ûзǵĹ͢ռˡ

ڰˣڰ͢
ڰ̻ʴʱݳǵſڵϣǰ¶һž޴ĺɫħףɢһ˿˿ɫܵĿռ䶼ˡ
һѹֵա
ˣԴҳ֮Ѿܾû˵ˡһƺһ˿пħ֮д
ڰ̻ʹſڵϣг˾κˡ
һǰʥɽռ֮󣬻л֮ǳϢ˺ڰһλħ
鱻Ϊʹڰ򱻳Ϊħ
ڰ̻Ϊֻһ񼶱ħ٣û뵽νٵȴһλ
ºڰ̻ΪʲôһǰϢڲŻħˣʵϢ̫ˣЩħһشȥһλ
Ȼֻλ񣬵Ҳ˹۷ǿˣǺڰһλ֡
㴫Ϣе㲻ͬʱٴδħ֮д
λԺڰλ˵ղѾ̽ˣڵʥˣӦýɵ۹ǵĵ۹֮Уһٶλʮλ񣬶ʮλ񣬻мλ񣬸ҾȵǣȻһλ۷ǿߡ
һ˵ţλڰλԼڴڵ֮Уģ³˹ǵģ
ڰ̻æ˵ΰħ񣬷ǳǸЩûз֡
㲻õǸλʵҲֻܷЩλ񣬶ɨƽʥˣЩλûг˵⼸ˡڰλ˰֡
ڰ̻˿ſʼ̧ͷЩɵ۹񣬲˵ǵϢ
ΰħǾľŮʣλ۷壬û뵽ȻһӿԽλ񾳽硣
ǿսʿ죬ֻһʥ۷壬û뵽Ҳ񾳽硣
ǰ졢졭ʯ졭
⡭⡭
ڰ̻һ˵ţһ߼һλǵ֮󣬶ʱסˡ
ţôʲôͬ𣿡Ժڰλɻ
ڰ̻æ˵ΰħһпǺڰ͢ͽֻλ񣬾ȻҲﵽ񾳽硣
ڰ̻˵ܣѾֻĸ֣ѹţھȻһԾ񣬱ǿˡ
ͽ˵ǰǺڰ͢ģڰλʵ
ڰ̻ʵ˵ͷ˵ǰҵĸ֣£Ȼ͹͢ʥŮˣһҰ֡Ҿͽٵˣӡ񣬲¸ˣֻû뵽ȥʥˣ񡣡
ԭˣ
ڰλ˵ͷ˵Щ˶ǿԼΪģλһԾλ񡣡
ǾȻԵõλ񣡡ڰ̻𾪣Ľ
ߣǣɵ۹һٶ飬ҲġԺڰλߵ
Ϊ漰һٶע⡣
ΪܹӵôˣԲߣҲ񼶱ǿߡ
漰ǾͲòעˣҺڰչˣڰҲԹעġ
ΰħҲɵ۹ˣɵ۹죬Ҳǹǽɡɾ˵һûĹ壬۹سΪһֻǲ֪ôͳΪˣܵ֡͢
һʼһûעǣΪֻǸħ˱͢ˣǺǾȻ˹͢ռʥɽ𾪲ѣǲûйǺڰˡ
ڰ̻˵
ɣҸղ̽ʥɽֻ³˹λ۷ǿߣûзһɵˣȻɵ۹Ĺ϶סҫ۵ĵطѱеطûзݵˡ
Ժڰλ
Ŀ֮˸һµĹâ
̽˵ɣӹ̽
ǳ𾪡
Ϊλ۷ǿߣλҲԶˣԷܹӹ̽϶λ
ټһٶ񣬾͸ȷˡ
ΰħ̫ˣһĶϢҲû֪òڰ̻˵
Ժڰλһ˵ѵûһ˼ı£Ҳˣ
ΰħ񣬼кܶ࣬۹һЩҳԱڹ͢սܺͶǣǵļ䣬ҲֻǿһģӰһ赲޷ӡ
ڰ̻˵
ߣһλôܿһλòǸ۹ĻҳԱҪļ䡣ڰλߵ
ڰ̻æ֪ͨ£һˡ
ҪҶǾϵˣΪ۹Ĳ󳼣³˹ǴϹ˻ء
ڰλ񵱼ͷųԼʶ̽۹󳼵֮Уʼ䡣
Ĳ󳼣Ϊ޷סλʶʱͱˣͶ̥תĻᶼûˡ
ôܣ
ϿգͻȻһ˼
Ժڰλ𾪵ȻҲ޷ǵסݵȻǿѵλ񣿡
Ӧòܣ˹磬ֻ߸λ񣬹ڰ
ʣµλȻŮǣѾӡˡ
߸֪λ񣬶ڸԵ磬ûʧ١
Ϳųˡ
λ񡭡
ڰ̻ſڵϣг𾪺
漰ε飬λڰΰڣе𺳡
ڷǳԼûеɵ۹ˡ


1227 ȻŮ
ϢҪˣ
Ժڰλ񰵰뵽
漴ȡһöλ񣬶ڰ̻ʣ˵ĲǸĽһλǷԸͿԼԸˡ
ڰ̻ʿ϶ѡ
ⲻڰ̻ʸոսӵ񣬶ʱæм
ɵӲŲء
ڲλ񣬶λ񣬴λλʵ̫ˣⱲӹƶ硣
ڿһ죬Ȼ
ңֻҪΪλ񣬼Ժȥ˺ڰ磬ҲЩλġ
ˣʵҲΪӦɵ۹ڰλ˰֣˵ǺηʥǴжΪеģǺڰΪеģͲŹǺڰˡԣҪɵ۹ҹƹԸģʱԺɵ۹ˣͬԸ硣
ΰħѾ漰սǺڰ͢ǿ߶Ƿˣ飬ܹ翹⣿ڰ̻ʶʱ˵
ģѾźˣİڣǺڰĴ飬񡣡Ժڰλ˵
ڰ̻ʶʱٶԣ֪˵糹ײƽˡ

յգϮˡ
ǰƬѵĴأҶ찵̾ħǲȻĻԪȫˡ
ǷӡȻŮĵط
Ҷʮ꣬ҵȻŮķӡء
ץһλ񣬴ӶʳһЩϢȻٸЩϢСķΧֻʮʱ䡣
ϧħ󷨵ͼˣǰֻСơ
ҶһЦ漴֮ģױ˺һռѷ죬ħڲ
ħڲһƬ𺣣ΧȵĻԪأ޾Ļ룬һСľݣ赲֡
СľоסıȻŮ
Ҷû뵽ȻŮ£ȻķŪһСľݡ
Ҳ֪ӡ˶꣬ϣ𷢷ɡ
Ҷ쵱ϢǹǿϢһӾ;СľеȻŮ
˲䣬һ绪ŮӱСľ߳ˣһɫȹͷܳϵˣͷɫġ
۾ͫҲɫģǳӨ͸Ƥ˸˵Ĺʵ޷
˭ȻԴħ󣡡
ȻŮҶ죬һ˫֮г֮ɫǷǳħŬô꣬Ҳ޷亳Բŷˡ
ķӡûӰ쵽ǣȻλʵӦӽڰ͹˰ɡҶЦ˵
ĸӦ֮УȻŮλڵǿߣﵽ˺۷壬ӽλ۷徳ˡ
ʵҶܹܣҲ޷ɱ
Ҫ֪ȻŮľϵַǿ󣬵ǻָȴǾˣѽɱ
ͺڰ֣ټһƣܷӡȻŮ񣬷ȻŮܣǸס
㻹ûи˭ȻŮ˵
ȻƢãҲɵӣһͻȻ˷ɾ裬޷˵ʵ
ͺڰƷӡ֮κ˶˺ܶࡣ
ҽɣһλ񡣡˵գҶſԼϢȻŮ۲ĵ
λôܣһλδħ󣿡ȻŮ֮ɫ
Ҹ˵ˣҲԼħ󣬻ܴȥҶЦ˵
ȻŮжʱһ˿ϲɫ漴ûа׳ԵͣʲôĿģ
ҵĿĺܼ򵥣㲻ΪУҺһֶԸͺڰ磬ȻҪ汾ԴǩԼҶ˵
ȻŮЩ죬˵͹ڰг𣿡
ⲻ飬Ҳӡ㣬ҽˣǼѡɣҶ쵭˵
һеѡ𣿡ȻŮЦ
͹ڰΪУǱӡˣǳ
ǩԼɣҶЦ
ȻȻŮ˵ó֣ͿǩԼˡ
£汾ԴǩԼ
Լγ֮ҶȻŮϵЦݶˣΪԼԼ˭ҲҹԷͻܵ汾ԴֱĨɱ
ȻŮʱѾɺܶ࣬Ҷʵڰ͹ʵǳǿ󣬾ҳ֣ҲǵĶ֣ʲôƻ𣿡
ӦûкܶĵĲ°ɣϣټҵɵ۹ѰЩͺڰӡ飬ʱһ֣ԸɶˡҶ˵
ȻŮʱ۾һ˵˵Ĳȷвǿ鱻ͺڰӡˣǸƣɺǾȻûŽܹųЩӡǿ飬ٿԲˡ
ţһȥģһʮ֪꣬Ƿ֪ǵķӡ֮أҶʵ
ھļУȻŮΪϺˣټʵǿǹͺڰӡһǿ顣
ԣȻŮ϶֪ķӡ֮ء
ȻȻŮæͷ֪֪񣬻ʯ񡢷񡢺񡢽ǵķӡ֮ء
£ȻŮȡһ˹ĵͼмλ˼Ǻš
ȻŮź˵ҲȥЩطЩħʦ̫ˣҸ޷ƽ⡣Ҳͺڰ֪ȥЩطҽǷųַӡҵġ
㻹棬Ǽɵǿʵһ㳬ԽǣԲǰġҶԷǳȻŮԸҲδ̫ˣҪǻһˣڹ涼˶Թͺڰŭˡ
ҲɣΪǣǾͲԸң̫ˣȻŮ̾
Ҷûж˵ͼ֮󣬱ȻŮ뿪ħ
ҶֳһѪȻŮǰɵ۹Լյͼıǣǰķӡ֮ء
ʵȻŮ˹ǳһ飬ĸս
ֵһսһ񣬶ﵽ񾳽硣
ͬĸֵܣ˴˴СͲͷǿʤŬѹԷ
ֵĺһ㣬սоΣգͶһӡ˿
ڵսʿ飬ǹڹ飬ڷӡս֮Уɰ˹æ
˼֮࣬ҶѾ˿ķӡ֮ء
ͬһǿħ󣬲ҶĿռ֮֮ǰǾͬ裬׵ش˽ȥ
ȻҶսȥʱ򣬱㿴һ޴ĽɫȭͷҹǿҶ˲両սףֳѪӭȥ
䡭
漴


1228 
̫ͻȻˡ
ҶոսܵǿĹԷȭͷһ㶼û飬ŻЯѹֵķ򣬺ݺݵغ
ѾλڵĹҶ첻Ҵ⣬æԻսףսѪһӭϣ֮ݺݵײһ
¡¡
޴ײֲ˷ӳȥΧĿռһѣ˸оӽϢͷƤ顣
Ҷսףǳж˴룬ʣµҲѪ˻ȥ
ף
洫һ˿ȡ
ΧĹâɢ֮ҶſԷģһӣϴŽɫսףɢǿϢһͷɫĶ̷Ե÷ǳĸһ˫ȭͷǽɫģֲ
ȻŮ˵Ŀ
һʵԺȻŮһλڣӡʱ䣬Ȼ
ѹսɵ
ҲĵˣҶѪŶĿ񣬻˵
䣡ӭҶ컰һɫȭͷղŵһģһȸղŸǿˡ
˫貵Ľɫԣ˭ô꣬Ҵһ˵
δ䣬һɫľ޴ȭͷȭͷ֮ݻգҶ档
ͨȭҷǳ񱩣ȫΪսˣϣҶܵһϤˡ
Ǿս޼
˵ս޼ͿǳƣȭģҶܹ񻯡
ʱĿѾʩչ˿񻯵츳һʵÿһȭݻǧȭӰʵ棬ƥ
ռ
ôֲĹҶʩչԼռϵӡ˲ѪУһƥľ쵶âնɱȥ
䣡
ֲĵâգһϵеıը
˵ȭǳŭ͸ͣôҶĵһѺɨһеĵûʲô赲棬Ѫ֮նһƬڰʱͿռ䶼·˽ȥ
µռ֮ǿ֮
һɨ֮£еĽɫȭӰˣƥĵâֱնпȭͷʵ壬ǿķ˲˺ѣ첲Ҷһ˺ˡ
ߣ
ƺһӵɳȥֹסΣ𾪺ͲŵضǰҶ졣
̫ˣΪóҶŽλ񾳽磬ֻλڣȴȻ˿ֲһ
ûмԼ˹ţ˲űսɵҶһȣȴʮǧ
ڿԺú˵𣿡ҶѪսҲȥ
¿ͻȻ֣ΪѾһܹ֣ǳķ㡣
ߣһ䲻ˡһҶ죬˵˵գʲôˣǹģҺܺ棬ʲôʱǿˣ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵£ûʸ˭ûʸҺûκιϵ
ţǹ£ȻԽħ󣿾ʵǿңҲͻħġüͷһЩ֮ɫ
ӡô꣬ҲûŬͻħ󣬵һδεʧܣ֪ħĿ¡
ҶƾԼħġ
Ȼʵ޷
ҵİ취ⲻ˼ģӦÿǣǷԸ뿪ħ󡣡Ҷ쵭˵
һûѵͣôĴҳȥ
ȻиҶ쵭Ц
Ǿͱ˵ˣҲΪɶԼĻȥ˺ûȥʲôֱ𣿡м˵
Ҷһ㶣漴ЦˣҲûҪշ㣬ֻһʽס
ʲôףɻԲóԼܳȥȻ
ܼ򵥣ǩԼöҳ֣ҳȥҪһԸ֮⣬ôôҲɡҶЦ˵
۾һȵ͹Ҳг𣿡
͹гĲֹһ㱻ӡ֮ȻŮҲӡˣȻŮѾǰñҷųˣܼܿˡҶ˵
ǾȻҷӡȻŮ񣡡ԶʱŭȻŮôõһ飬棬ˣȻŮεģȻ𱨡
˭ǲŽᣬĻҲᱻͺڰˡҶ쵭˵
ţ˵ĺܶ࣬ǵȷŽᣬǸû뵽ôɶȻŮ񶼲Ź˵ҳȥҲԸг˷ŭ
ȻŮͬ𣬱ӡôãѾۻһӵĻʱ޲˹ս
侲һ£һ˵ʵǹĶ֣ҪڶԸҵķԸֺһСĻҷˣҪ˶㻹ǱӡˡҶ˵
ֻҪܹɱ˹սô˵Ҿôæ˵
ӡô꣬Ҳûкôʵ֮⣬ĻƢҲתΪԹսķŭ
ǳ⿿Լһ˻޷ֻܹҶ죬ܱô
ңѾһˣھɵҲɵòŽˡ
ܺãھʹȥȥɵ۹ȻŮϣȻһЩĵĲټɵ۹ҪȥȽʯ񡢺񡢷ǡҶ˵
Զʱ۾һ˷ܵ˵ԭҪȳͺڰӡǿ飬ҲԣǺ͹ڰгܹǵǾͲ¹ͺڰˡ
ֻҪŽôͺڰҲؾˡԵĻһ񡣡Ҷ˵
ҡҡͷЦ뷨㻹ǸϽɣΪ߰λԲǿߣͺڰֶĶ֣ûǷֻᱻ
λԲ
Ҷ۾һУлᵹһ£ʵӦÿ֮һսĥԼս
ˣȥɡ漴Ҷſ뿪ӡħ

ͬʱԭȵȻ磬һչص飬ȫ۾ǵĿг˾ϲͲš
Ϣ
ȻŮϢֶͨδֻЩһȻŮľܸӦĵ
Ů񱻹ӡˣû뵽ȻԼŮʵȻԲñѹˡ
ʱܱ¶ϢȸϽŮϡ

һȻ飬ȻŮľɵ۹ķȥ


1229 ȫ
ų֮Ҷǰһӡ֮أǽķӡ֮ء
óʵҲﵽλ񾳽磬ֻȻŮͿǿ
ܴΪ飬ϣӵһִ
ͺڰҲǽġ
ɱǣǱڰӡģ֪񱻷ӡҲûоȳ
񱻷ӡԭܼ򵥣ڰϣڰ磬ڰսףӶʵ
ǽܾˣԾͱڰӡˡ
Ҳħ󣬱ʾԸȳ񣬵һǾҪ磬Ϊսס
ͬĿġ
ɵӣ֪ͺڰҰģһκһսףôܿͻսʱ
ĽԸˣԾ;ܾǣԸԼӡ档
ͬһ飬Ҳδػҡʿɣ
Ҷüͷһ壬ǰħ֮С
ħ浹ûʲôΣյĻҪñס
䣡䣡䡭ʱڻž޴һؽҶĳ֣Ȼûһ⡣
Ȼǲ֪ҶˣѾе񶼷˶档
ҲϽĳƺšҶ˵ͷר壬ȫͻȻ͵ϮںԼİȫһֻҪԼı
ѾΪ˶죬Ըһˡ
䣡
һ׵ͻȻٶ£˽ؽ档
Ҷһ٣ȻֻһҲ˵ѽ
ѽȲѪҲĳ̶ˣһ˹ȻԴǿǲ
弶ϧǲ㣡
еؽ̾˿Եúܲ⡣
ҶЦ˵ǽ񣬾ȻԴ弶Ѿ˹õˡ
ˣ˹õУɱһλţõһ߼
˵
ҶͫһλȻɱһλţҲ֪ĸùţҲ¶λʵ
ˣİˣ˵Ŀİɣ񵭵˵
ǲҶĵֻڶ죬ҶĿľԵôҪˡ
ҶЦ˵Ҫȥ
ͬĻҲ˵ҪΪǹսףҲĿģǾ뿪ɣҿԵΪĳսףҲΪĳҰߵװֿ⡣˵
Ϊ˶ԸͺڰҲ𣿡Ҷü˵ҪʵҪΪ´սףʵŻǿ
УĿᶨ˵ҲΪɣս
㲻ΪҴսףⳡսҲⲻˡҶ쵭˵
ҡҡͷ˵ˣҲΪսĹ֣һ徻
Ҷˣûһ㱻ӡķŭԸһֱħ档
ˣ㲻ӦͲӦɣҼȻˣǾһȥ˸㣬Щ壬μⳡսѵȥ𣿡Ҷ˵
ͫһŭصҶ죬ŭвң
ûв㣬ĸԸⳡսģŵĻԸҳȥȥҵɵ۹˳㣬ȻŮҲӦⳡսվһҶ쵭˵
ʲôȻŮҲԸսôܣƭҵģȻŮʴȵŮκҺڰ͹ȻŮȹôܴš
Ҷ˵ϧǣڰ͹𱨣ڷӡ֮ҲȻŮӡˣǰҾͷųȻŮͿ񣬲ŵĻԳȥ
ãĻԸսᶨ˵
ΪҲȻŮȹһֹһΣ;ȻŮȻŮ񶼱ͺڰӡˣô˾̫ɶˡ
£ҶŽ뿪ħȻýԼȥɵ۹ȻŮǻϣǰһӡ֮ء
ʣǿ飬ֱǺ񡢷ʯкͷǱڰӡģʯǱӡġ
ֵһǣͷǰֵڰĽȻԸȳͺֱǶ𱨡
Ҷ֪϶ʹ޹ƸҪȰ˵ҲͬԸġ
ʵϣҲȷͬҶϣҶ˵֮󣬺ͷûκԥӦˡ
ϾҶǵ⡣
㶨ͺ֮Ҷһӡ֮أӡʯ
ʯ񲻴ʯͷģһλϵ飬Ҳλ񾳽磬ʵǳǿ󣬽ڿȻŮ
λʯƢҲǳ꣬ͻȻҶ֮Ҳһ㣬Ҳ˵Ҷ췢˹
ҶӦսʯѰ˵Ļᡣ
ţʯҶ죬Ŀг˾Ͳš
Ҷһ㶣û뵽ԼݾȻ¶ˣҪ֪ȻŮͿҲ
þȣΪţ֪ǵսʽȻصĺ޷ȫءȻ˹磬ҲֻҺܹݡʯ˵
ҶԶʱ˿漴˵ô˵ѵͲɱڣ
ΪʲôʵԳֶԸ㣬Ҳֻܻ㣬޷ɱ㣬͹ڰ֣Ҳɱ㣬ֺαɱڣʯ񵭵˵
Ǻǣ˵ĵҲǡҶŵЦЦ漴˵Ȼݱ¶ˣҲҺˣҲ뿪ˡ
ţҶҪߣʯʱȵ
Ҷͷüʲô飿
⻰ӦŶԣʯ˵Ȼţԩ޳δزܺ
𣿡Ҷ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʯ񵭵˵գҪô
֮ǰѾȻŮ񡢿񡢽񡢷񡢺ǺˣҺǶǩԼöԱ˴˳֣ҹͬԸڶԸʱҵж
Ҷ˵գʯ񣬼˵û뵽Ȼ֪ҵݣǻҪһԼУǾ㲻͸¶ҵʵݡ
û뵽ȻŮ񶼱ͺڰӡˣһԽԽˡʯЩŭ
Ҷ쵭ЦǹǺڰǵĿľͳһ˹硣ǵʵȲ񣬹ҲǷӡˡ
ʯ漴˵ͷ˵ҴӦھǩԼɡ
Ҷʱ¶Цݣڸ㶨ЩˣͲҪܵͺڰǵΧˡ


1230 
ȳʯ֮Ҷǰɵ۹ȻŮ˻ϣ·Ҷ췢вٵͼ飬һǰɵ۹
ȻЩ鶼Ϣ٣Ҷʯ񼶱ǿߣȻ׾ͷǣʱЩ⡣
Щ鶼ȻŮľԶȻŮ񣬲֪׼ǰʯüͷ˵
һԵҶ֪ЩʱǵĿģЦ˵ȻŮټĲ£Ǻһ׼ǰɵ۹ˡ
£ҲԣҲһЩĵĲ£ұӡô꣬Ҳǲᱳңھټǡʯһ㶣漴Ȼʼ۾ͨطϵԼĲǡ
֮˱һִɵ۹
ϾٶȾͿЩ
ɵ۹ֱ֮ǰʥɽΪȻŮǶʥɽ
ʥɽ֮У³˹СдȻŮ񡢿񡢽ǣû취Щͬڿˣǿɶλ񣬱³˹ǿ˲֪ٱ
ǿߣ³˹ɲٱ֮ǰĸ߰Сġдǡ
ȻȻŮ֪³˹Ҷ£ҲҶ
³˹
ʥɽ֮֮УҶѾͨʶϵ³˹
ȻŮ˵³˹ʱ¶ϲ֮ɫæȻŮ˵λҵ˻ˣҪȥӭˣʯ񡣡
ô죿ȻŮЩȣ漴Ц˵߰ɣҲȥӭһ£˳㿴ʯѡ
ʯ类ӡģǵǰǸӭһ¡˵ͷҲվ
񡢷񡢺ҲȻŮȥˡ
Ǹո̤ʱ򣬲Զձѿˣ߳ˣҶʯ
ȻŮ񣡡
ʯ񣡡

ñط꣬ȻŮ˶ǳпһڽ̸
ҶһԵ³˹˵ѾȻŮĲɵ۹˳ȥӭһ£˳Ҹطǣֻҡ
ںʯ̸ȻŮԣóһɫƣݸ³˹Ц˵Ϊ˷ֹ⣬㻹ǴҵȥɣľƱͬҡ
лȻŮ񣡡³˹æм
Ҫ֪Щľɲߣкܶ񣬶λ࣬³˹ǿĲûУҪЩˣ³˹ҲЩѹȻŮƣǾһˮˡ
ҵҲ㣬ҵĿҲᵽ״Ҳ³˹һơ
漴񡢷񡢺ʯҲóһƽ³˹
һԵҶ״ͷ񶼷ǳʶ֪࣬ԼһҲͷˡ
ĻһЩԼŽᣬô˵ԸˣԼڲҪˡ
³˹뿪֮ҶЦ˵ȹλѷӡȡɣһֵص飬Ѿźˣλµٰᣬһ¡
Ҫлֵİ˵
һԵķҲ˵ͷȻҶĿĵľǣǲò˵ҶĿĺͬϾҲҪԸ
Ȼ֮УҲǱڰӡģǶԹûкøС
ͺڰҰļңȴͬڰְԵ͵ģǿһУڽթ͵ģϲıƣñˣᡣ
ʴȵȻŮ񣬺ĽҲԹʹ޲ѡ
λؿˣɵ۹Ź֣ҪλԴҶҪ˵ʲôĻˣֻҪŽͺáҶЦŰ˰֡
ȻŮ˵ͷ˵˵ĲһҪŽˣͻϴһͺڰơ
ĻᣬˣһҪʧȥһСᶨ֮ɫ
ǸαӣһҪۣͷҲ˵˶ǳŭϾǾǱƭˣǵ͹Ǻѣȴܵѵıƭ
ͺڰҰ̫ˣڣ˹ûһĺƽӦýǷӡĽ񶼿ˡ
ɼͺڰѾŭˡ
ҶЦ˵ֻҪŽһģͺڰذɣĿǰĿǹʱغͺڰŸɡ
ֵ˼ǣɻؿҶ졣
Ҷ˵Ҳ֪ͺڰҲǵˣΪ˲֣ȴ񵱳ַӡȻŮһ֪ǵĴڣ϶ٴֵġ
Ҫʱ֣ȻŮһʱ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ȻŮڰУҲʱţĿսսûг֮ʱҲسҲسֻ֣ҪΪǴս׾УսͲòˣʱҡ񡢺ʯǶԸĴ
ȵʯԵ˵ͷ˵ֵıǳӢȻŮͿǿߣؼʱ̣ǻܸͺڰһ
ңڰˣһԸ磬Ȼ˹ٶԸڰɶˡ
ҶЦҪͺڰˣǿ϶Թ侮ʯģڰɲŹԸĺûᡣ
ֵģȻʹ޹ϾǱڰӡģҪǽˣǲܵģҺڰҲŵġ񿪿˵
һԵĺ˵ͷ
ҲãֻҪڰαֵǸˣҲǳӡζʯ˵
ǱԶӡ޺޵˵
ҶЦҰɣұ֤õطӡǣֶ޷ȳǡ
ҪɱͺڰҶԼҲûаգյĽǻǣȻ󷨷ӡǡ
񵱳ͺڰӡȻŮһ
ΣֻҪǲ̫󣬼ɱԷ
Ͼǿ壬ǼӲ񣬶Ǳס
ҪɱͺڰǣλֲУλԲǿߣҲֻܻǣ޷ɱǡ
ǾͶлˡʯЩصЦ֪ҶȻ޷ֶΡ
֣׼ôŹĴ𣿡ȻŮ漴ʵ
ҲҶ죬ϾѾǩԼڶԸϣҪҶ
ҶߵȻǣǵĿǴܹӡǴһ˽硣
˵գҶ˵ֻʱǵĲ»û룬ǻûдռ磬ǵĲµˣǱշȻ磬ȻȻΪݵ㣬ʼ磬ڴ֮ǰҪǵĲռͺڰϢ


1231 
ַģǵĲ±鲼磬ҲУʱһԼʱϢ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴Щɵ˵һɸλĲ£ǸλĲ±Ͼ̫ˣѱһЩϸ
ҶĻʯɵùЦ˵֣ͷˣٻĶǺǩԼĲ£ǲұǣᱻ˹ıԴֱĨɱĲ£ô꣬˭֪ǻǷǣҲٻǡ
ԭˣҶʱȻ
Լƣ³˹һǾԲұ˵ġ
ǩԼҲҪԷĸԸġ
ó˹ԼҪǻݴ½ߣйҲԸǩԼ
ȻȻŮ񡢽ˣǲܱȲǩԼ϶ǲԼĸԸġ
֣ȻЩ٣ٿȷǵġȵĴսʱˣʱټеĲ£ʱЩȻǵԶġȻŮ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ǽ֮Ҳ٣ҶǾ񣬵Ҳ㹻ˡʤģʱЩ񼶱ǿߡ
Ƕ֮һսǱʤɣŵ˵
Ҳ˵ͷǵǱƵģĻһŽҶҲֻܻǣܻɱǣܷӡǡ
һ֮Ǳʥɽס£һ߾ޣһߵȴǵĵ
֮󣬱½鵽ȻŮľǿĿ񡢽񡢺ʯĲҲ漴
³˹ʥɽΧѾź˵طǵĴס
Щ࣬ľҲֻˣȴϵǿߣλʵǳǿ
ʣµĿʯǵĲ£ҲͰңȻϵǿߣһλ񣬻϶Ǿ
ò˵ȻŮǴĲ̫ˣв١
³˹˵ЩľǱȻŮιģĽȻŮ񣬾ûԼǶȻŮ
ڿǵĲ£Ǳǵģ߳ݿǵ
ֵһǣڰ͢ȻʹߵҶ촫ݹϢ
ҶЩȣˣϾڰ͹ǵжԵģ˫սȻֵÿԼ
ԴˣҶÿȥǺڰ͢ģԺڰ͢Ϥȥڰ͢á
ڰϾǺ͹ԩˣǶԹ϶˽⣬ǴϢҲҶ첻æ
ȻŮǵĲµ֮󣬾£ʼΪսˡ
ҶҲʼʯƶսսƻѡȻģǸȻŮĲ˵ڵȻ类ͺڰϷˣһȻ磬ǾͺڰΪУǽս
ԣǰĿѡս磬ҲΪ񱨳
ȻҶŬսʱҲйϢ˵һλע⵽˹͢Ļ𣬿ʼɵ۹̽Ϣˡ
ȻˣȻŮĲˡ
Ҳλ֪ĲͬѰʼɵ۹ˡ
ϢǱڰ͢˴ġ
ʱҶȻŮǣоϢ
Ҷ˵ϾǷ˵磬￪չ̫ˣٵ˵磬׼ɵ۹֮⣬ֱɱ֧ľӣȻŹû׼ֱӹս硣
ʴȣҷǳͬȻŮʱ˵ϾȻ뷲˽ܴ
Ҳϣ˽ܴϾǶǳԷ˽磬ǵļ硣
񿪿˵һսҰɣҴҵĲ£֧ľӣֻᣬҾͻȥսǻϡ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵֧ľӲ࣬ҲͰٶˣΪ׵Ҳһλ񣬷Գ֣Ҳֵ
˵գҶ쿴ˣͣںϣ˵ǽսˣɺʾս֣Ǿͽʱر¶ݡ
û⣡˵ͷ
ͷ궼ǹĺѣֵڰ磬ȴǵ꣬Ǳӡ֮󣬻ӹǵ磬ʵ̫ˡ
Ҷȷġ
ǵڶ죬㿪ʼˡ
֧ľӣǰս磬С
Ҷˣɵ۹һЩˣ塢塢ǣҲʼս
Ҷ쵣֮󣬹˻ᱨЩˣԱ㽫һˡ
Щ壬Щ֮ǵľӣˡ
ʣµķˣҲǣǣҵʱ򣬹ƹ綼׼սˣﻹлܵ˽硣

ڰ͢
Ҷ뿪º󣬺ڰ͢յϢ
ֶͨΣڰֱ̻ϵڰλ񣬽Ϣȥ
ϾҲλˣȻģʵҲСͨڰ񷽱ˡ
ȫˣ
ڰλܿԻһž޴ħףȵȥˣ֪Ŀĵ𣿡
ǷΪߵķͬһȫ飬͵ĶڰңʣµĺսķˣҲпǰ硣ڰ̻ʹ˵
սͷһҲȷҶǵĿĵء
ս磬Ƿ磬ڹӪ׼ȳˡţһûᣬǹ磬򹥴Ȼ磬ܵУȻõĻᡣڰλЦ
ڰ̻ʵ˵ͷ˵ȷһûᣬԵĻҲϣȥμⳡս
ţʵҲˣҷ˽ҲҪôߵȼ飬֮ǰȽڰ͢鰲źã˳㽫ɵ۹Ǳ߽ӹˣҲ˽ˣǽӹҲ˵ʲôҪɱ̫ˣʱǻΪСԺڰλ˵
ˣڰ̻ʹص˵ͷ
ɫħ漴ʧ

º
֮УһսںС
ҶԵĿʵôǵ뿪ڰ͢ʲô
˵үҰ̽ӴϢڰ͢ߺӹɵ۹ǲûдɱ䣬ܵ˵ǱѪĽӹɵ۹
ʶ࣡Ҷ˵ͷ漴ڵĿ⿴Զգٹ£ִܵսˡ
ʱײʱˡ


1232 ʹ
۹ԶһƬ֮Уһҹսɵ۹ķʻ
Ϊ׵һսϣվһߴӰıʮֻʮʹҲλ񾳽硣
֧죬ж
û뵽ССķ˽磬Ȼôǿ飬ͳһʥˣݻǵĹ͢ǲˡ
жŭ˵
ôˣͺڰ֮⣬Ѿ˸ƹˡ
֮УʹǸһȣʲôʱ򣬾Ȼ˸һٵڷ˽Ľ͢ˡ
ʵǳ裬ƣˡ
䣡
ڴʱԶĿռ䱻һǿͻȻ˺ѿȻһɿֲбһӾͻڵս
ʲôˣҳж־ŭĴʮֻ޴ĳ򣬿ӴַܳŭӣݺݵŲԶա
ѿһӰ߳һɫĶ񾳽ǿߣ١
Ҫǣлλ
˹᣿ôѵǹΪУѵ¹ķŭ𣿡
жʱϳλ񣬱Ͼλ٣綥ǿߣԱ˴˶ʶ
ֻжЩ벻λѾڹ£ôͻȻͱˣɱǡ
ߣҵҪγҵŭ𣡡ڴʱһͻȻж֮
жʱһȻڲ֪ʵ
жæתͷֻһֻ޴ƣЯſֲѹ
硭񣡡ж˵ģ֮󣬶ʱɴ۾š
¡¡ЯſֲܵľƣֱӺж壬ǿֲΧļʮҹսݻˡ
ৣ
жûϾ񣬲ôġ
ʣһԴȻЯԼһ˺ѿռߣһ߻ָԼ塣
ڱǰ㻹ߣ
в¶֮ɫ
ûмж֣ϾֻһλһѾشжٳֶԸжЩ̫ˡ
µλɱжѾ˵жԼ嶼ûлָãͬȼλĶ֣úͱɱˡ
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ȻЩʹȻɱˣҲǰϢȥˣʹùĸ߲֪˷ĳ֡
ЩֿʼѾ֪Ҫ¶ˣǰսҶǻϡ

磬ʥأǡ
ʱһΰĹ֮Уʮλʹһɫء
ǱʮֻһʮֻǾǹµʮλʹ
ʹǽڹʹνһ֮£֮ϡ
ʮλʹʵ͵һˣҲλ۷ǿߣΪ׵һˣλ񼶱ǿߡ
Ϊ׵ʹһţǾǡսʹա
մʱɫؿʮһλʹҲӵǵһλȨʹˣ־Ǳӡķ񡣡
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Ϣǵȷ֪ˣҲǣѾ˲̽ˣӡħȱΪηѳֶΣڰҲ첻ɣѵڸһʹɻ
յ˵ͷ˵ҲųܣҲǹͺڰսǿѾܵвԲſʼǡ
Щһ򽾰ԴˣҪԸǣαصȵڣҸǺڰĹΪѾˣڰڰ½͢ٵϢһʹ˵
Ҳܴ󣡡յ˵ͷ漴ڲ˭ڸǷѾʵʵҲҪӦԣ÷Ƿ磬һҪɨһߣԷֹЩµҡ
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Цŵ˵ͷ˵ѾڳλԲ磬ֻҪɹˣǾͲټɵˣ˵ڰҲڳ磬ʱ򣬸Ӳܴ
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Ϣ̫ͻȻˣҲ̫ˣʮλʹһ𣬾þ
Ƭ̺ղһ˫ɣǷ񣬻к񣬶ˣڰ綼ͽȥˣǽҪԵģǰδеΣʱǱҪ侲ҪŽԲܻҡ
յĻʮһλʹ˵ͷȻ޷еѹ
Ѿһˣһڷĺ񣬶ʱڰҲˡ
ͬʱҪĵˡ
տˣȥս֧ԮսʮһλʹӰǣ𴫵Ϣʣµʮ˷Ϊһǰ磬һǰȻ磬һҪס硣
ǣ
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ʱͷѾɱս磬һ·޵Уû˿Եֵ
Ҷɵ۹ˣʼսפ׼ΪӪȻ磬硣
սķӦҲܿ죬ܿͳˣԴɱˡ


1233 ս
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սı߶
񣬺ǸҵţûɱǣҾµȥսսȭͷŭ
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ɵ۹ʱĴ֮УҶ졢ȻŮ񡢿񡢷˾ۼµһЩλ
´ϢҶЦ˵ս׼ݴͣսǽһ򾡡
ϵܵԸһ֣սһִ㣬ǺġЦ
һԵȻŮ˵ǱߵĶΣ
մǰ֧ԮǱڰסˣʱǲҪ˼ǡЦ
ʯʵǳǿ󣬾˵Ѿӽڰˣڵ꣬ȻŮųǹڰ֮µǿߣս񡢿ҪǿһΣյʵȻ֧Ԯսˡ
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Ҳһء
ڰ͹ҰļңΪԼҰʲô鶼ĳǱ˴УڹؼʱҲ֣񵱳ӡȻŮˡ
Ҳ޷񣬿ֶԸˡ
Ҷ۾ЦǾûҪǵİæϣʱܣڰ绹Ҫش磬ȫԵǺ͹ƴܾʱϣŷϺڰ档
ڰ˵ȷô޳ܡҧߵ
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ΰ޴սǣƣ֮ϣɢһɫĹâԵޱȵ貺ҫۡ
սǵģսʯ񣬸ߴޱȣһĿԶ
սǵĳǽϣվһŽ׵սʿһŵסеؽ볤ǹսһĴ
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ս־ŭæһӭȥҺһξ롣
䣡
ǿըضҡܵһ鿪ֲܿɫ䡣
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սԶͣסӣ𾪵غȵĿǰ
зǳȣΪȻ˿Եסһ֮ʵ֮£ֻ񡢹ڰĸѡ
Ǹղŵ̽жϳԷԲĸ֮һйϤϢ
ߣսҵȭͷʶ𣿡
ڴʱһĳ
ùâɢ֮󣬿ޱȵӰڸ߿֮Уս
񡭡񡭡ôܣսͫ׶ʱһ
ôҲ벻϶֣ȻҲѷӡʵǿôࡣ
ѹղŸеһЩϤϢ
𣿡񱳸˫֣Ǵһ˿Цͬ䣬貵Ӱͬһɫ̫޷ֱӡ
սڣĴе鶼ˡ
˹һ˵еȷ񡢺Ҫһεǿߡ
˭Ҳû뵽ȻҲˡ


1234 ޵
񣬾Ȼ㣡
սŵؿŶĿӿһκˣ𾪡
ǰˣ̫Ϥˣһӵ϶֡
ӶʱǾ棬ºˣǻ档
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˭˭ģ
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ӡħԲ̽ȫ֣ϿӦϣҲ俪
˵˹磬Ҳֻ񡢹кڰ˿Ժ俪ħ
ǹȻôڰҲǵˣڰȻҲô
Ǿֻʣˡ
սͫһѵ񡭡
ˣҺûֽ飬˵ҪԸǣҪ֮𣿡Ц
սҲԣĽ˭ҪԸߺڰֱӳ־ˣʵ
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֮ˣɵġ
񳰷һ㣿ˣңҲ֪ˣΪ¾һˡ
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սͫһ߾еؽݺݵӭȥ
ΪܹɱңսеؽڰĹע֮£貵Ľâ˺Ѳ񷣬ա
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λˣڿɲǹսʱүϣλܹսǣҪ˷ʱˡ³˹˹˵
˵ͷ˵ˣȥ֣Ϲսǡ
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ʱսǣսǵķҲǳǿҲǳ࣬ηͺʵ̫ǿˡ
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λλĲ̫ˣϾÿһλҶһԽս񡢺һжס
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δ䣬սѾǿٶҲࡣ
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ľУҲ壬ֻǿı壬ʹôľУҲѹսһĵˡ
սԽǿ󣬿оԽ˷ܡ
ҪĶ֣ҲôŬ˵֮䣬嶼ڲϵس߳ͬһ޴ɽ壬Χͷųһȭȭĳɫ棬ǳҫۡ
䣡
Ǿ޴壬ֻĴض𶯡
ɽѡ
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ʱĿͬһԶžˣʹɽ壬ﵽһֲĵز
սǶο񻯣սҵĶοһһȭǾ޴ȭͷջҪ󣬼ء
ս޷ӱܣֻܱһӭȥ
ҾͲҸǿ󣡡սŭȵս֮ķǳǿΪԺ͹ڰһϳˡ
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ұߣ񿴵սһӭʱ¶мЦ֮ɫ
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䣡
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ʹСȫɱȴǷǳֲҵһײʹȫˣĴҲѿˡ
ԶսǶҡβ
Ҷ졢ʯǶ̲סս
ǿչֳʵһҲȻŮˣսҲ˶١ҶЩȣϴκͿһսǿʵ
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սǸߴĳǽѺۣȻ󳹵׵ˡ
ܵһɽҲɴݿһˡ
ԶǾ޴ӰһǿѹЩԭڵֿͺս飬ʱͶˡ


1235 
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ţһֲܣȭͷϷӿֳʹض𶯡ҡΡ
ս񼴱㱻뵽˵صףҲ޷ǿ͵Ĺܵȫڻˣһֲӿϵغս֮ϣܵĴݻ١
ٷ֮ʮߡȻһӽҵݻٵ̶ֳȣȻôǿôܣ
սһߵֵſ͹һӿκˡ
Ҫ֪屾ͺǿ󣬾ԹֲεǿߣҲֵܹܶΡ
ټЩս䣬ʹǿˣû뵽Ĺȴ˵͡
ο񻯣Ȼÿٴսг𾪣ͬʱҲ̲ס츳һֱѹǳŭͲʡ
Ҳܰܣ벻ܸܰ㣡սŭһԾ˫ֽסؽ;޴Ŀȥ
Ȼǿ󣬵Ǿ޴ȴ㣬޷ܣսЦ
䣡ӭǿһȭȭһֲΪģ˷ϯȥ
ԶԶȥ·񷶼ˣһƬƬշ飬𶯹ѡ
ȿȣս񵹷ɳȥѪϵƬ˺ܶ࣬ŵصſ
޴ĽŲЦ޷ĹҪǿǰҵĶ֡
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ԶĿԱߣһӰҶ졣
ս񣬽ǲѷˡҶ쵭Ц
˿ռ֮ΧĿռڵʵÿռ֮֮ս޷ƿ
˭սغͽŵضҶ죬ͻȻڿߣȻһûУЩ
ףҷų񣬻з񡢺ġҶ쵭Ц
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սļաЦ
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ǵĻսɫǶ֣ټϷͺ͸ӲǶˣһһɲҶ졣
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սҶ˵
ЦȻһʱֻ֪ԼˣǰǶҵ衣
սԴŭ
սҵĿǹȥɣܿͻˡҶ쵭Ц
񡢷񡢺ʱս
ɱûţսŭһԻ˷Ӵܳȥ˭Ҳ֪һ߲ı塣
ѲסˣǶӵдģľУһɱеսɱˡ
ǽȴûгս
ʱȵⲻܣսǳӲܻ飬û
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Ĵ̽
ҶߵΣյĵطȫĵطò˵սĵӻǴ󰡣
δҶѾƴŽ²Զһʯȥ

ʱһҽд
ȴսһ˺壬Ҳ޷أ¶ǰ
ԭڸղŵһ˲䣬սҶ²ԶΣյĵطȫĵط
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ֻǿϧСֶΣ޷ӵʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨Ҷ졣
ǱɰϧҴˡЦ
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Ǳҵģս˫ŭɣȻһɳҵĹâųʹʶˡ
ΰĹɣ
սȻϥأݳǵ˵
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Щ˵ȥˡ
һԵķͺҲš
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ԸսҲΪ˵ˣǵϣǵ־
Ǹ޷սȻĳΪˡ
ѹֹ󣬶Σԭˣҡҡͷ׹Ϊսˡ
Ȼ֪ܣǽ˭ҲˡսŭȵʱıѾʮֻ޴İɫ򣬿ֲϵشͷų
Ҷ쳰㻹һ֪ᱻ˿һֱϹΪ飬Ǻǣ
ߣֻҪȫɱˣ˭֪ǹˣֻ֪ΰսͬȴڵǿ顣սߵ
ˣ˲֪ǹ֪Զֻǹµһѡ񳰷
սЦߣˣҺ͹ǩԼֻǵĺӽܣụ¼ɡӦңҵˣҵİĵλŻȣ¶ѡ
սҵȲеĴڣҲֻʣһˡ̡
ѾܹǵЦȥɣսŭһȻɱǾ޴ؽɢֲĹâһֱ
䣡ȻҲֵˣȴסһ壬˶ըˡ
㡭Զָ壬ֵؿԶս
񡢺Ҳ𾪲ѡ
һ̵սȻ֮ǿ
Ҷǽ˹Ѿйʮ֮һսˣСĵ㡣
Ҳֻñ˵ѣһս
սȵֻҪܹʹãǾҵ
˵գһ
ҲһȭӭײֲĹâ


1236 ս
䣡
񵹷ɳȥѪ磬𾪵ؿŶս
սĴűʮֻ֮ɫЦҲˣ͸ɣ
˵գٶһ
Ҳǽ˵ѣԼֻһˡŭȵ
Ǿ޴壬ٴγս
ֻҪܹΪãǾҵ񣬲ҪʧҽˡսЦ
õ˹սԽԽǿÿһԽ˿񣬽ûз֮
Զķͺʱ
һ̫ˣҪȻŮʯֲС˵
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ٿûֻս񣬿ǲϣ˲ⳡսġ
ţ־ÿϵܻȡʤĿ𣿡
ҶЦȻڿذɣ֮Уȴûпһ˿ʧܵĲʣȻеơ
һԵķ˵ͷ˵˵ĲϵеսȻ磬ɱ˵Ļʱ÷ŭͲˡ
һ˵һоˣڴ˵
ʱ򣬿ѾױսѹסˣһһضиƬÿһЯſֲĻ֮óѺۡ
ؼ̫󣬸޷ܣҲս
ȫѹסˡ
Ͳ̫ûȤˣһѡս֮ɫȴûд⣬ΪԶҶͷ񡢺أҶ죬ɵˡ
սڻΪ˷ֹҶͻȻ֣Ļͱˡ
ˣҲֲ˶೤ʱˡ
ֻǾڴʱһŭ
˵̫ˣһ˵ʱСԭĸߴɽС˳˴Ц
ǣҶڵ𾪵ǣϵϢȴԽԽǿ
ң˫ѾѪɫԭ貵˿ҲŷѪɫħ⣬һӴһ񣬱һħ
ƥ͵ɷӿ޼ɵͷųͬ߸Ĵһ㣬ûء
һ˲䣬˶ܵһɱ伫Ϣ·궼Ҫˡ
ô£ս񲻿ŵضŶѪɫӰ⻹ǿ⻹ǸϤ
ʱĿѾѪħĿгѪɱ¾֮⡣
ο񻯣˵һбǸ׼ģֻˣҲҡ
սŭ
ȻڴӿϱϢеɵȴȻԼģŭһ
ৣ
һ㿪սһؿս񣺡ٶ̫ˡ
ս־ŭٽ񣬵ÿһζܿˡ
Զķͺһ֮ɫ
սٶ̫ʵսٶȷǳ죬Ǵ˿̿ٶȴ죬綼Ҫ죬ͬ˲һ㡣
Ҫ֪Ҷռʱ˭Ҳ˲ƣֻԼķٶȡ
ǿ˿̵ٶȣȴ˿˲һ㡣
ȷܿ죡Ҷ΢΢ͷЩԾ
ο񻯺Ŀƺٶ࣬ӵٶȣȫսˡ
ֻǽٶȣϵҲ޷ս񣡡һǡ
ٶȿΣΨһ
֮ǰĿޱǿվսû¡
ſɣҶ˵Ŀȴս
ʱսǳŭ㻹ǲһˣ֪һζĶ𣿡
û취ܿ˲˿񣬷Ĳ
üٶȣʱ㶼ҵĶ֡ղԣֻѣȻѾȲҪʶҵҾͳȫ㡣
Ц
δ䣬Ӱͬһ֮˸Σ˲ͳսǰһȭݺݵغ
ûжοʱİ磬һȭǳƽֻһѪɫĹȦסȭͷ˸ܵһǿϢ
Ȼһȭսȴͫ׽
Ϊһ̸ܵһӽϢ
ûз˵սæһӭȥԼǿҲˡ
䣡
һ̣ҵĹâս񱳺󱬷Ȼ˼£ɴ˿ɼһȭв̫ǿˡ
ԶҶ졢񡢺սйսʯȻŮҲⳡ۷Ծ
ο񻯡ϵܵ츳ڵʵѾ֮ˡʯ̾
ȻŮ˵ͷ֮УõʯȻŮʵΪǿ󣬽ӽλ۷徳ˡ
ڵĿҲﵽ־磬ǲˡ
Ҫǣ˳Ϊǣûгɴ˿ɼ츳жôǿ
Ҳһ츳ӦˡҶҲ̲ס̾
ţǷǳˣʸˡ
ҶеЩϧţֻû˹УԺĳɾҲֹλ񾳽磬ܳΪס
¡¡
Ǿ̾츳ǿ֮ʱսǿһҲֳʤ
˵֮⣬֮ǰѹסս񣬾Ȼп񣬱һȭе񽣣Լ嶼һȭᴩˡ
ɴ˿ɼһȭĿֲ
㡭
սɴ۾š
һȭе˾Լ񽣶ղסǿҲ˵ȥֱûš
˵˵Զֻܻڱ˵Ӱ棡سһžͽս߷ɳȥǿս峹׷ˡ
ȻսڲԶ»ָ壬ʵȴ˲ơ
ҲŹģսһ֪ԼǿĶ֣תȥ
ȻתһɲǣһӰȴǰ
Ҷ졭
㡭սͫһңղҶ컹ս֮⣬źԶôͻȻ֮
ٶȱȿҪ졣
ҿûȥҶ˵գּϵӡЯһɿֲĵ⣬սɱ
䣡սȻҶǳɵʱҲֻƴ
ȻϵӡĿֲǰĽⱻѹסˣûҶǿֱӱҵĵâˡ
Ҷгһɫĳлƶս
һ貣òԶĿ񡢷񡢺˶𺳲ѣͬʱҶʵҲһģĲ²⡣
λţ͸³˹ˣȥɡҶץסս񣬱㽫׼½³˹
³˹ȻԼλ۷徳磬Ҫ񾳽磬ȴ֪Ҫãολ񾳽硣
ң³˹츳ԪǱΪˡ
ԣ³˹˵öλȴٺòˡ


1237 ƽ
ڴ˵Ȼ޷ΪףôΪΨһѡˡ
ϾֻҪΪףôȵ֮ҲҪλʱһдͷ
³˹ע޷Ϊ׵ģôս˵һλˣѸٽλ񾳽硣
ȻȵҶ콫ս񽻸³˹֮³˹û˿ԥѡ
³˹ԼҲûҰĳΪףֻҪսȻŮͬȼˣȻ⡣
һԵĿĽѡ
һ£³˹ʹΣһλѾ˹˵Ĵˡ
ɵλȥɣҶƳһĽĿһۣȥһ
սʮλҲɱˣǵȻҲ䵽Ҷ
Ҷ첻˿񣬽ʣµҲָ˿ءŮʡ̹ɭ죬ͳһλ
Դ˷˶⡣
ΪЩ嶼ǵģǵ£ǵʵҲڸǿս
ֵܣǸΣǼ磬ļƻʯʵ
ʱͺȥؽսˣҰЩ²ǡ
ȥչˣΪο񻯲ŴãʩչһΣ帺ɺܴҪʱ޸
ҲæȥսˣϾԽԽ֮С
ֻʯȻŮҶŽս¡
Ҷսǹһ۰γս񣬵ն˹һ۰Ѿݺش˹ˡҪıսս磬ǵĲ£ʵ
ֻǹϢ𣿡ȻŮ˵
ҶЦˣںڰҲڹ磬ǲĵˣȥսĹ磬ڿɲӲƴ
⵹ǲҲûҪӲƴúڰƽ֮ʯ˵ͷ˵
ˣƽ⣬ƺڰҲɵǵʵˣҲҼ͹ӲƴȥȻŮЦ˵
Ҷͷƽ⣬֣ҲҶǶ֣ǹаս
ߣοĳ֣ºڰ͹̲סȥ̽ЩӡħǺܿͻ֪ҲѷӡˣԿ϶ʯߵ
һǺڰǹɵ
ټʯ񣬻ȻŮԼɲҶ졣
ôͺڰͲҴˡ
ҽͱչˣѷӡҸоƿѾЩɶˣҲͻƾʱˡȻŮ˵
ҶЦ˵ǾǰϲˣҪͻˣҲüɵͺڰˡ
ô˵ûս˵𣬹ڳλԲˣºڰҲˣЩǺܴˣͻҲǵĶ֡ȻŮЦ
һǵĶ֣ټأʯߵҲоҪͻˣϾôãǸõͻƵʱˡ
ҶԸеܸˣҪͻˣôʵʹˡ
£Ҷ˵Ǿȱչذɣս£ҺͷǾˣֻҪǹͺڰпڣӦˡ
ã
ͷˡ
ȻŮʯ񵱼սһطչˡ
ȻڵսǣѾΪˣսҲΪˡ
ҲʹӦ˿ս磬͸
ңҲǿս񣬺ϸȡս硣
ͬʱһսϢҲ˹紫˳ȥ
ʱǹ磬Ǻڰ磬磬ȫһƬ֮С

䣡
磬ǣһǰӣŭ֮ɫ
ΧļʹҲ𾪺ͷŭ
û뵽ȻҲ˷ӡʵôǿսˡ˵
һһʹڵĵǣȻŮʯҲѷӡˣɵ۹Ҫǿ󰡡
˵ôѾˣϧڱչأĻһһʹŭ
հ˰֣չصҪغڰǱҲˣʱǻǲҪɵ۹Ӳƴס缴ɡ
Ǻڰأһʹʵ
ڣǻڰǱ߽սء
ճ֪ͨڰ磬˵ԸȻ磬Ǻȴռ졣Ҳ϶ɵɵ۹Ӳƴ϶ͬ顣
ãȥţһʹ˵ͷ
۾Զգȴ˼ɵ۹ɵ۹ôðģȻԷųȻŮǣҽǼһ𡭡
յһ˿ǡ

ڰ硣
ոռ˹ʹߣʱڶԳ˼
ղͬںڰ磬ĵλںڰںڰչصʱҪ飬Ծڰκ
ңڰҲǳΣһҲúܶ˷ǳ棬֪ڰʲôϵ
һɫĳۣģᣬ·һꡣ
Ȼһ˫ȴһƬͬڰħԨס
Ȼ罻ңߣյյĺܣµȻŮ϶Ҳ˷ӡɵ۹Ǳߣ͹⽫Ȼ罻ң׼ȥȻŮŭ̵
Ц
յıһ۾Ϳˡ
ǿˣҲòյ飬ΪѾ˴Ȼ磬ʱֶܷܲɣǰæһʧء
ı֪Ҳòܡ
ѹֻᱻίΣȷ򵥣ߣһ
϶ˣԴ˲ģļɵģǿǿԼû¶ȻŮʯǡ
ɵ۹Ĵڡ
洫Ϣɵ۹ɣܹѷӡ϶Ҳйأ֪Ǻηʥ
ɻ
˹ô꣬ǵһ˵ˣһǿĴڣǰȻһϢûУⲻòʡ
Ҳͺڰ֪һЩڶڱչأܱš
ʱգպһѡͣս£
ô˵γŹɵ۹սǺڰ绹Ǵʤһ׬˰Ȼ磬ѾǺܴսˡ
ɵ۹Ҳռս磬ùֻһǾǹ硣
ʧȥս磬ͰȻ磬ʧһǿս⼸֮һʵˣνʧء
ڰ͹綷ô꣬ȻǷǳ⿴ôҲ˷ǳɵɵ۹ʱ


1238 
硣
˹֮Уģȵô
˿ڲ࣬٣ս綼Ȳϡ
ȴǳǿϣȹͺڰҪࡣ
ѹͺڰų˹ĵһ֡
ԣ˹磬ǳȻġ
Ψһùͺڰҵǣ嶼ǳ߰ǻÿ˯ѹûкڰ͹Ұġ
Ҳ磬ǲӭ˽Ҳóȥ㲻ǣҲ㡣
սô飬Ǵ磬֪
״̬£һӣǳϣϾ˹ĵһǿߣһ˫ɫӣ͸ļµĹâ
ʱһλĻ㱨ɫʱ˸â
ս񣿾ǸսҵС𣿿ϧˣ츳û뵽ȴˡ֮һ̾
һԵһλ񼶱ǿ˵ˣǵսĿ˻ͬĸֵܡ
ҲһѻˣϧֵܲģĻ˺Կͺڰˡһλ񼶱ǿЦ
˰֣˵սǿСӶѣùͺڰȥͷ۰ɣſϷû˸ַ硣
֮䣬ɢһǿš
ΧǿҲˣȻȿս񣬵ȴûж⣬Ͼ˹ôûбֹ
ǿͺڰҲҵ硣

˹עսʱҶɵ۹ҲѸٷչ׳
ΪսϢȥ󣬿񡢷񡢺λǿ飬Ҳ漴˹֪ˡ
ǵôһˣǧǧȻΪǱӡˣЩ¶ڱĴˣЩѾͶ˵ǿˡ
ǼȻˣһսռս磬ôǵǣҲкܶ˻عˡ
Щ½½ĵʹɵ۹ҲڲϵӣҲҶ˿Ͼս̫ˣǹˣҲҪ
սս粻һսʱֱӹսǾˡ
ȴҪ㵽Ҫܶˣܲ÷񡢺ǳȥذɣ
ԣ൱Ĳ£־㹻ˡ
ңڹͺڰ綼Ѿͣսˣ˭ҲԸʱؿս͸ɵ۹չʱ䡣
ͬʱҶҲûţÿռ䷨Ϣ˹磬ŵڶڵλ̽ȥ
ڶڵأڹǣڹǵġ
Ҷ֮УעŹǣüͷ΢΢𣺡ǲǸصĿռ֮Уڵ£Ǹƺ˴˵أͰԼıչҽصĿռ丽
Ҷţ㷢ǸصĿռ䣬Ҳܽȥ
ʵҶµûںܶǰͷصĿռ䣬Ҳµõ౦ŰѹǽЩһֱûзεĿռ䣬ʼûκνչ
أﵱɱչصңһչؾڴ˵أ˳ػδ֪ıء
ȻаջܹĴӪƾһ˵޷ȥ
ҶջĿ⣬˼
ҪܹʱǲõģҪһʱС
ȴǹĴӪ񼶱ǿ߾ϰλ֮࣬Ȼλ񣬵ټڵҶҲһ˳ȥ
ﵽһĳ̶ȣҲܹԽġ
Ҷڻûֲںκ˵ĵز
ȵȻŮʯͻ֮󣬱磬ϣҲôҶתȥ
֮Ҷ˺ڰ硣
ƵǣڵأҲǺڰĴӪڰ֮ǡ
ڰҲطһҶˡ
ǹǺڰ޷εĿռ䣬ǶطҶơ
͵͵ȥǲˣֻܴ˹طˡ
ҶתȥڴʱһӰҶͫ׶ʱһ
ôܣ
ҶһƬκˣǰδе𾪡
Ҷȴû¶
ǰ˺ᣬһ꣬źɫӣĿޱȣͬںڰ֮У޷
Ҷȴӿ˵Ӱ֪˾Ǻڰ
ֻҶû뵽ǣȻһſռ䷨ʵ̫ˡ
û뵽Ȼ˺һ˿ռ䷨򣡡
ʱˣڵҶ죬ְڶһ£Χ֮Уʱ˼ɫĹâС
Ҷ״ʱɫѿˣռ䴥㣡
΢΢һЦ˵ںڰ֮Χ֮ж˿ռ䴥㣬ֻҪκ˽ӹҵĸӦ˿ռ䷨򣬱ԶЩռ䴥ģϧ̫ˡ
ҶЦ
Ĳ̫⣬벻˹棬Ȼ˺һҲ˿ռ䷨
֪˵ĻҶֻҪԼĿռ֮۹۲һ£׵طЩռ䴥㣬ͿԶˡ
Ҫ֪˹ֻһλ׵磬򣬶ֵһᡣ
ܹռ䷨ţҲ˵жδػһĳš
ݴ½ҲΪŵһׯܣһʱ䷨ֻѣǱϾĵط
ֻһλ׵ѣ磬һλûУ츳ߵţҲͷѡ
һطҶȻ̫أ˺һҲ˿ռ䷨
ԣűˡ
ֻΪû˵˿ռ䷨򣿻˵һֱšҶض˵
Ǻʶܾˣ¶ԼĿռ䷨򣬿ǿ͸Ҷˡ
ǸһĨЦݣ˵أƺŲصɣһ֪֡Ȼһ²⣬λɵ۹죬ɴ۰ɣ
ɾˡҶ쵭˵
Ȼˣ¶ŵЦݣ˵֣ĸֿԲƵЩӡħ󣬾ܽȳǣ֪ӵпռ䷨ҾͲˡ
Ҳ֣ΪټĿռ䷨򣬿ԻܺڰˣΪλҪ֮£ҶȤʵ
̧ͷǸ߸ϵĲ񷣬Գôұ¶Ƕ˹еһˣһǿ֪˿ռ䷨򣬿ǻܿң㲻ɱңҲòȥ


1239 ʱ䵹
ĻҶĬˣ˹綼ƿ֮£һÿռ䷨򣬻ᱻǿ֪Ƿ֣еļʣ񲻸Ҷġ
Ϊһˣ³õȥ
Ҫ֪˹ô꣬ѵоûʲôţһλûУ
ûУЩˣԵ޹ʵʧˡ
ҶΪڲ֮ˣټϱŷ۾Ϊӣ֪һЩϢ
˹λ񣬶ᱻǿץȥȻ½ƣΪū÷
Щţǿ߻ὫȻūֻǽᱻ͸ҶϵţΪǵˡ
³ͬá
Ȼ֪Щ飬Щͨռ䷨ڰУۿһЩ˹ˣץˡ
ЩһǳǿҲλ񾳽磬Ҫǿࡣ
ЩˣǸûз
ɣΪܽλ񾳽𣿲ңһֱѹƾ硣˵
֪ҵݡҶ찵뵽
Ҷ쿴ʵ飬ʯ֮⣬֮⣬֪𣿡
˵գָָָ񷡣
֪Ҷ˼ҡҡͷ˵ûˣͺڰȻʵǺ󱲣ֻʯһ˲֪Ҳ˵ˣȻʱڰУûзҡ
Ҷ˿Ļء
Щ˵ҶȻͬǣȴæ
ΪĲпᡣ
˹սˣе飬³
սˣ飬ͬ³
Ҷܶġ
һ˿ռ䷨ţкܴʳΪףԺĳɾͻߡ
ˣԺһеǿߡ
ֻҪܳĹףᱻʹһЩңЩеΪū
ԵĻҶ뽫Ϊˣ³˹ԺҲһð֡
ֻӵпռ䷨ҶҲûаսɱԷҪߣסλҲûá
ô꣬ΪͻȻðˡ
ȻϷŰ
Ҷüȥ
ڰ֮ǵģЦ˵ΪǸطɣֻռ䷨ˣſԽȥ
ѾȥˣҶͫһĻı϶Ѿõˣǰæһ
ȴҡҡͷûУҺͺڰԼֻҪ꣬ͰǸط͸ҡΪԼڣڰŻôңҲĽչڰ硣Ѿȥʮˣʮ꣬ҾܵõǸطˡ
Ҷ˿ֻҪûеõôͻлᡣ
㻹ܹȴģҶҡҡͷŲӦڰҪ
ЦʱңǺڰĶ֣ҿʩչռ䷨ߣһҲ뱩¶ռ䷨򣬶кڰǰ涥ţҲܼҵһЩ鷳ҾʹӦˡ
ô˵ǸطҲˣҶ
Էпռ䷨ֺιͷѾֹǵǸڵˡ
ȻЦҲĿİɣɵ۹ԣµõܹ֮һĿǺڰˡ

Ҷ˵ûԼĿģΪԷɵӣܲ²
طܿλǿģҲѹֻˣңҲôġ˵
Ҷһ㶣漴ȻȻ֪طȴ֪˹ģԶûôء
֪˹µģ滹ǿµı²ŲӦڰأϾҪˡ
Ҷ찵˿һͲˡ
Ȼ˵ԸҲܣǺڰڣĻһҶ֣¶ռ䷨ϢʱǶҪǻץߡ
ҶԸоЦǻˣԼڲˣѵץԼ
ҶԼҲ뱩¶ռ䷨ʱᶯ
ðɣҴӦԺڰ綯֣Ҳ顣Ҷߵ
˵ͷ˵ǰôôҲֵġ
Ź֣
ҶЦֻǿͷԼûʲôԼ
طǲܵġ
ͬҲδػǵǸڵأ׼֮
գҶûж˵תʧ֮С
ӵпռ䷨֪ҶѾȥˣǶʱһĨЦɣһ֣֣һ治֪Ҳˡ
ҳΪŵʱѡʱ򣬾һסټϵϢԼͻȻðȷţҲţܿһţϾӵпռ䷨򡣡
ȷֵģߣɣȻɱ㣬ɱ㣬ߺߣ
˵գӰҲƾʧˡ
ֻȥ֮һϤӰƾճ֣Ҷ졣
ҶһСĽˣһһеĿռ䴥㣬ֹ֡
֮Ҷ˫Ŀһչ
һ̣۶γӰ
ͬӰӰһ㣬ͻȻ۳ظŸղŵĻ
ɣһ֣֣һ治֪Ҳˡ
ҳΪŵʱѡʱ򣬾һסټϵϢԼͻȻðȷţҲţܿһš
ȷֵģߣɣȻɱ㣬ɱ㡭
һж֮ǰ˵һʱ˻ԭأǰһ顣
ʱ䷨
Ҷһζʱ䷨ܣõЧоǳãҲǳҡ
ʵǿټʱܶݣܹԭҶ˵
ǰӰȥϾάʱ䵹̫ķʱ֮ˣҶڻûôʱ֮Ժķѡ
Ѿ㹻ˣΪҶѾõԼҪ֪ˡ
û뵽Ȼţһţô֮ǰƭҵˣߣֶΣ㱻ˣû뵽һʱ䷨ɣ
ҶЦ뿪˴˵ء


1240 
»صɵ۹ҶɫԵЩء
û뵽˹棬ȻһţҺһϵš
˿ռ䷨
Ҿ˵һλ׵磬ôôɻᵮһռ䷨šҶЦ
֪Ҳţɻࡣ
ţԵһЩռ䷨ʱ䷨ţкܴĿܡ
Է֪ҵݣҲ֪ݣ֪Ѿ֪ݣһռơ
Ҷ漴뵽
ĿǰѾ֪ݣȴΪҶ챻ڹ
Ҷơ
һҶͿ԰ˡ
ȻҶҲС񣬱ϾԷҲţλʵȻǿࡣ
ߣ˹ԸңҲһаɣҶգʯϢճһţȻһʯĲ£ʹ磬Ž
һУҶЦ
ֻҪ֪ݣôȻĴɵԺڰ硣
һû취Ԥսˡ
ֻҪȵȻŮǳأ߿ƻָͿԼˡҶ쿪ʼȴʱ
ͬʱҲ֣ɵ۹
ͬҲСҶ죬Ͼͬţ˭ҲС
Ͼϸ֪ģܹΪţһô򵥣

硣
ʯʹüͷ΢΢𣺡ʯȻҲˣСôᴫŸңҺûжٽ顣
еţ˼
ʯͬһֵ飬ҲĿǰ˹ϵ顣
ǳΪʱȻŮ񡢽ǻֻһλ񣬹ڰҲһλ񣬿սǸûг
Ϊ壬ʯûжٽ顣
ûн飬ûжԹֻ˵Ǳ˴֪Է涼ûйΡ
֣ʯȻ¸һš
ȥɣ
Σʯʹ뿪
ʯʲôĿģȿ˵˹ĵһǿߣʲôҲ¡
ֻǴ֮ͫ׶ʱһһӾʹӱվ
ţ
קסеţɫԽԽأͬʱеġ
һԵǿ߶ֵؿ
ΰ񡭡һλոտڣͱˡ
죡ȵ
λʱ˵ˡ
磬ϵĴڣû˸Ȩ
еţֱһ֣漴űԶٵˡ
񡭡ڱ棬۾Ժ¶ݡ
ΪڰĶңҲϴκڰͷı
ֻû뵽Ȼǻеһ
ԣʯɵ۹ˣҲпʯҶԸڰ磬ԲŴŸҡ漴뵽
Ϊ죬˹ǿߣǻ۵ȻС
ΪʯһţͶԸ
Ҳû£Ͼһǻ֮һôΣˡ
Ѿǰ޷ѹƾ磬λ񾳽磬ʱңǻ֮һͺп֪Ѿλ񾳽硣
ɫЩ
ĻôΣˡ
Ƿǳһǻ֪λ񾳽磬ôͻЩǰһǻ˴ߣ֪
ΣҶٽʯţѾģʼע⵽ˡ
֮⣬Ҳ˵ˣܻܿɵ۹Ӷս˹ʵ
Ȼţʱֻһ롣
ʯƬִʡ
ǣʼɳʮ񣬿ʼӺڰ磬١
Ȼ֮˴һţ˵ɵ۹ǻ֮һְʯ񡢿ѾͶǻˡ
ţüͷʱ
ʯţݼֻ࣬ʯȷţš
˭ģ
ϣʯģΪ̫ˡ
Ͼĺ󱲣ڰ֪ǻ˵Ĵڣ֪ģ
⣬ʯҲŵģл˵ˣпܻɵ۹²Ȼˡ
Ļˡ
£µһλǿ߶˳ȥ٣ʱ
ͬʱҲûгʯҲȥɵ۹ֻûôӰˡ
ľٶ޷Ҷ죬Ҳ޷˺ܿͷˡ
ǿ찡ǰǷţ϶ӻ񡣺Ǻǣ񻹲֪ǰյҵţһְɣܣߣ
ɵ۹ҶЦ
ͬʱںڰ֮ǵ񣬴ʱȷɫ
ôȥţΪңôܣʱʡ
Ϊ֪ԼѾҶ֪ˣΪԼҶڹ֪ҶѾ¶ݡ
գֻܾԼˡ
ˣǻ˵Ϣֻ֪ͻȻȻỳҡ
սȭͷЩˡ
û뵽ξȻʯͷԼĽţ̫ˡ
ɶļһˣʱ鷳ˣһʲô϶Ļɡ
Щ޺޵뵽ѾҶˡ
ϴμĿռ֮֮̽£Ѿ֪λ񾳽磬ɲڿԶԸġ
һռ䷨ߡ
ȻҲϵţҲﵽλ񾳽磬ⲻʵͱҶǿ١
Ϊ츳ҲֻǷʼѣܹ֮񣬾Ϊ˿ռ䷨
ϧռ䷨򣬸սսϵŵУ׵ġ
һҶ첻Ļ͸Ӹˡ
ʱҶڵȴǳأΪ˼ôͲõԤļƻˡ
Ҳûʧʮ֮󣬿ƾͻָˡ
Ҷÿŷͺȥ磬׼շԼ磬Ҳԭȵս硣
λ÷ǳҪΪںԱ߾ǽ磬ƽж棬ǹˡ
Ҳ˵뽳磬ǹĴš
ֻҪеһʹ˹ĴţʱҶͿʱֱӹˡ
Ҳ֪λõҪı֮⣬սʹԴһʹǰ磬ֵǵ֡
Ȼڿ񡢷񡢺λĽ£յ˸޷ֵǽڽڰˣһֱ˵˹硣


1241 
ǡ
ſǵͽռݺ֮Ѿıȫ˻ص˹磬ԼҲһʹڹǡ
ֻգЩʹǣԱͷȫһƬƣΪʵ̫ǿˣȫǶ֣οзͺˡ
棬ɵ۹Ҳȱλɱս񣬵õս˵ͳһλ
⣬ʮ񡢷񡢺˵Ĳ£Ҳ½ʹɵ۹Ҳڼ
οʯ񡢽ȻŮǵĲ¡
ôȲϹ磬Ҳ˶ˡ
Ҫǣʧȥս񣬾ʣһλ񼶱գǿĶ֣ԲŽڽڰˡ
գǿҪֵסˣҪˡھ޴Բ棬һʹ˵
üͷѾ˵ˣǹܵвһɲŵ˵ıչءֻҪȵ˳أЩں֮ڣǷ֮ͱѹˡ
ԹģΪǽȻŮһѹӡˡ
գҪǵȵǹǣʱ˻ûгأǵʧ̫ˡһʹü˵
û˵ʵҲż
ͬʱҲܷŭ
ˣ绹ûб˱Ƶز㵱ڰޱǿҲûаѹƵϣȻŮǣ˺ڰĴ
Ȼڣȴʧ֣ӽ糷ڹ硣
ʵ̫ˡ
ܶ鶼еޱȵıϾһֱԽˣܾԼ֮ϡ
ϧֻܹڹ֮ڡ
ٵȵȣȵǴ򵽹⣬ʱ˻ûгأǾͽճ˵
һʹԿЦڷˣ㵽ʱػ˿ǣҲùˡ
οһЩǣǺ¹ˣҲδܹսʤǿɵ۹
ϾûԹš

ڹʿԣɵ۹ǱȴʿǣЩԭȵɵ۹飬ʮ½Ͷ飬ȫܵɵ۹ǿһ˷ܲѡ
ǿ񡢷񡢺ǵϲǣǼѣϾЩܵĴѹվҴ˹磬Ǻεȵҫ
ɵ۹Ϊռ캣ͽ磬˷ܻš
񣬽񣬹ϲǻعԼ磬ڻܷɣֻлܹԺܰȫɵ۹Ļʹ֮УҶ˷ܵĽͺ˵
֮̿󣬺ͽҲõԼ磬ָԼ֮λȻޱȼ˷ܡ
ַģֵزȻܺˣʧܾͻݡ˵
һԵķ񡢺񡢽Ҳæͷ
ţ֪ͺãҶ˵ͷ漴˵Ѿд̽ˣڱչأǵҪʱԼǴù̧ͷûг֡
־㲻˵ҲµˣϾϲ̵Ķ֣ϣûг֣ǳ˱չأѾûԭˡЦ
ЦϴսҲ˵ˣһڳλԲ磬һҪ衣
ǷĺˣﵽλԲ磬Ҳô˵Ķ֣οʱȻŮʯҲλ۷徳ˡҶ˵
Ȼո£ǿϢ㶸Ȼϯ
ǿϢ֮£ҶͿ֮⣬񡢽񡢺ˣȫɫһ䣬ܵ˾޴ѹ
ڻʹЩǣһ̲סسǿϢķȥ
ҶЦݵվ˵ˣȻŮʯͻˣȥӭǰɣ
˴˿ҲܵϢϤʱ˿¶Цݡ
ͷֺλˣѾˡͻȻʯϵڴ
һ̣ӵʯ񣬺ȻŮ񣬾ô˴֮С
ͬʱǵϢҲ
ϲλΪһˡҶЦ˵
ҲأϾȻŮʯʵǿһЩǵ͸ǿˣ͸Ӳؼɵڰˡ
ò˵ȻŮʯ˳أڸոմʤɵ۹˵һ˫ϲŵĺϢ
λЦݣǲִʤ̣ʯЦʵ
Цʯͷռ˽ͺ磬Ѿٹˡ
ŶǹţһĿǹˡʯ־ϲ˵
˵ͷЦ˵ⲻڵǳˣȻһ磬ܹСˡ
ǾͲ˷ʱˣھͿʼӱֱ°ɣҿɲټȴˡʯԶʱ˵
һ㶣û뵽ʯô
ҶȴЦ˵ãʯ˵ĲʱʿǣټʯȻŮĳأǳĺʱһսɡ
ȻˣǾôɣûгǾʹأƻĺ£ҿǷǳȤЦ
߻ħǲǶ֣ԼͰˡҲЦ
Ҷ˰֣˵ˣ񡢷񡢺ȥ۱׼һȥغ뽳磬ֻҪǴ˹磬ô磬û˸ַ
ã
񡢷񡢺ȥˡ
Ҷ漴ȻŮǣ˵ɵ۹ʯȻŮһǰ硣
ţҲʺսһһҲûʲôࡣ˵ͷԼҲϲսϲǶ졣
ο͹Ҳûôĳޣڷйı޳ܶѡ
ϾӡǺڰ
Ҳû⣬̤λ۷徳磬ùһҵʵʯŵ˵
ͺڰûнλԲĻôѾͬһΣվ˹۷塣
ʱʯгš
ȻŮҲŵ˵ȻʺսڵʵҲؿ٣˺ټɲɴۣܹ׾ˡ
ȻŮѵõЦһҶ졣
ҶЦǧС˹ԻҪӡɱǺѡȻûнλԲ磬ôҾͿԻɱˡ
ôûгأ϶ûͻƾ磬ĻչԸˡʯЦ
ôǲչͻƵĻᡣ


1242 
ԭȵʵλ۷徳磬ҲͺʯȻŮڵļһȻŮʯǿһЩҲǿ˶١
ǣùͻ磬ﵽλԲ磬ôһѹ˹ˡ
ʯôȲ׼սһأ鹥硣
ҶҲ뷨ʵҲܹλԲǿ߿⣬ǿһЩҲǿ˶١
ùλԲ磬ôܹ޷ɱ޷ӡ
ʱսܵĹȫȥϺڰôҶѹ͸ˡ
ңҶɵͬš
ȻйأɱǹؼʱʹӣҲ޿κΣϾû֤ݣҲһš
ԣҶϣһһսȻûзӦ֮ǰȡǵڶ
˵һǰҶڶԲԼʧģʱһԼʵ

ҶĶԱ£ɵ۹ܿͼڹı߾Ȼû˿ֵ㹥˹ڲ
ɵս÷񡢺Ƕǳ𾪺ɻ
ϵʯЦ֪ǵĶ֣ڱ߾ʧܣ罫ǣ㵽ʱսˣʧѱչصĹ
ͺʱȻ
ȻˣǾֱӿǰɣϾҲҪʱ䣬һͺڰⳡս֮ǰŬͰ׷ˡҶ۾˵
ʱ䣬ȱٵʱ䡣
Ҫⳡս
ɵ۹˴Ķ£ڰ͵õϢϾһֱ˼ɵ۹
ôô͹ˣһﻹе㱾£ȻŽһЩôûõأ
ûõһʼվ˺ڰߣϣԽڰõ
ϧǣڰһֱʵҲ˫һֱš
ʱ׼عʥǣЩһЩѰæ뽫˷Ծһֱڴ˼ƻţҲҪȱʱ䡣
ֻû뵽һͬҶ죬һļƻء
СԲõǸطǵطֻӵпռ䷨˲ܽȥֻҪò˹û˵õôҾͻлᡣ
۾һУ
Լȥɵ۹ĴӪ磬Ҳԭȵս硣
ս磬ֻϣܹƵɵ۹ӹ糶һֱͼӵذա
ϣܹͻƣĻӦþܵסˡ񰵰뵽
ҶʵδػǿǿǸΣϾϴοҶ죬طҶֻλ񾳽ѡ
Է츳ǿʵҲǿ˶١
ֻϧѾܾûлصʥǣ֪һսĿ£Ҳ֪Ҷ챻ŷ۾ΪˣͲôСҶˡ
磡
֮ǰ˼ɵ۹Ҳǵһʱõɵ۹Ϣ
ɣֻҪ磬ô򡣡õϢߵ
һԵǿüΰɵ۹ҰĺܴҪ˹Ժٻ˺ڰǻΪĵˣ
Ҳ̫ˣʵǲģɵ۹ԻҲܾˣʱڰͻ̲סȥˣƵʱһܾˡ
Ц֪Ϊʲôǿ𣿾Ϊǲܾ˵սսʱڷչԽԽǿ󡣡
ΰǻ̫ͬһ財
һǿ߳޵
ҲЦ
ʵϣ˵Ĳûвս磬ϣȷȺڰ͹Ҫࡣ
һߺڰλ񣬾ԿԿλ
ΪͺڰǾսĥģսǳḻ
һֱӹ÷ǳȣǿǿȴͬѹԷ
ҲΪھǿͺڰǷͬľ磬ôսܵľ
һ㣬˶ǽ壬ȴ㣬ǿɲԼͬ粻Է

硣
ɵ۹ܲʱǰϢ
ǵĴѾִˣǵĺ󷽣ҲȻķͻȻӿ˴ĺڰƺҪǷ𹥻һλ
üͷȻٲսǲǰ׳գϾҲǽһ
ԭȵƲ⣬ڰʱӦøۻ𣬿綷ܾ˲ŶԣΪλڸտʼʱѡⳡս
ɻ
ڰҰһܴ󣬺ܿǿǶȡ˽ͺ磬ۺˣռе̣㿪ʼ̲סˡңʱ˭֪Ǵڹ磬ǽĺʱλ񹧾˵
˵ͷ漴Ц˵ҲеڰķغǾʹشˡ
ȥɣʱڰһѵˣףⳡսûǲֵʸ񡣡һȻ
һ̣³˹Ӱڽǰˡ
³˹ɵм֮ǰ³˹ԷҶһ˶ѡ
ڣ³˹ѾսѾӵλڵǿʵ˿
ȵ³˹ϤԼ˵ȽҪǿһЩ
ҲĽ³˹Ͼ³˹õԺˣǵõλ񣬼
Լλ񾳽ģܼʵԽ³˹ǳġ
£Цŵ˵ͷ˵ϲ³˹أһսͽˣһҪСĺڰǿǱսҪǿĵˣĻòҪս
˵ЩίҲչ³˹
³˹Ц˵ģ֪˵ˣҲǶֻ֣ҪסڰĽˣҪڰ磬δػԹ
ţףһ·˳硣Цŵͷ
³˹ܿʹΪɵ۹뿪ˣǰı߾ֵڰĽȻϣɵ۹һƵһ
³˹λ񣬶ڰΪûûһ˿Եס³˹Ժܿ˫˽ֽ׶Ρ
³˹Ҳֻܷס޷Ϊڰ粢ȱλ۷徳ǿߣԵס³˹
Ͼ³˹ոսʵֻսȫʢʱڵʮ֮ѡ


1243 ٳ
ɶ񣡡
ڰ磬õǰߵϢ֮󣬶ʱһѿ
³˹ĸһðģ
ѯһ£֪Ҷһ³˹飬ֻһѣôͻȻ
һһλ
Ҳǰ׳գܿ뵽ս
һľսһս񣬺ߣߵ
аսһ٣ŵʱս͸ԣû뵽ս˻ԡ
Ϊ³˹ǿĺڰ޷磬Ҳ޷ƵҶĴһЩ
æһȻ
ȻҲûãüŲԶգͨռ䴥㣬Բʮλ񣬺һλ񼶱ǿߣڼźڰ֮ǡ
˵ڼ
ڶ벻ףΪԼȥͨ籨ţĻɡ
ǵõϢȥɵ۹Ǳ߼ҶģǼλѣ߾ȻһλȻǸӻ
񣿺ߣţҪΪҲ֪Ѿλ񾳽磬´뿪˹磬Ҿͨ͵ŹԹҵūɣߣ
񰵺޲ѡ
񣬻֪Լ³Ѿעˡ

硣
ҶĴһֱ˹¡
ԶǰΰߴĹǣȺɽ֮ϣƶ֮䣬ɢ貵Ĺâ
ǹʥǣйеʥء
Ѿкܶûоսˡ
Ȼ죬ѹѹһƬԶڹ¡
ɱգޱȵأÿˡ
һɹǿϢֱƲ񷣬Χնڲ
ڣմһʹɫصضȺͻȻĴ
û뵽ô죡һʹ
ϻǽ£˹֮⣬ҲûıֵֵĽŲǰٶȻܿ졣
񡢷񡢺ˣλǸεֵ
һʹ۷׷ףȫ硣
ճͺʵǿʹֳݣȻԴʮλ񣬷ֱΧǣͽԸ
סǵĿľʱ䣬񾳽ǣսȥʤֻǡ
ոߺΧһʹָһЩš
ȻΧǣȴǲᱻô׺ˣΪǿԸӦĵڶĴ֮УмصϢ
ǾԲڷ֮¡
ԼҲҪô˵ǴʿԣηסԷĽ
Ըȥ̿߼ķħͬʱҲ߼Ĺħ֮һսֶȫһҪסǣֻҪȵأʤȻǡ
նߵʹ˵
ЩǣҲֻܽסǣǲڻҡ
ùģЩȻܽţҲ£ǿֻҪأʱٶĵҲ·һ
ǣպһ֮£ǵսʱת
ԶԶȥһѤħâʱӹڱǶڡ
һħ̨Ҳ¶ɵ۹Ĵҫš
ǧħȫһƬ˹ǿķ
ϾǹϳӪ£ħ֮࣬Ѿˡ
Ŀֲڶʱڹơ
Ҳպһڡ
һǰ
Զɵ۹ǰҶ۾˵
ﲻֹһˣԷǳǵķΪ֪޷ԼһͻŽȻŮǽȳ
ϾǹϳַҲǱͺڰƭϳҲᱻ׷ӡˡȻŮߵ
Щһ֮ȻԼϳӪĹԷֹ֡
ɣϳ˲֣⿿һգǵ˵֡ʯЦ
ҶԿ񡢷ͺ񣬵˵ͷ˵ʼɣ칥ƹǣֹڰͻȻ֡
ҵһѾܾˡ񵱼˳ȥ
Ҳ̤նߵ޳ܵĹһΣǾˡ
ʱ̣ѾȲˡЦ
˶ƺʱǱĺʱȻŹ
ɵ۹ͬѷ񵶣Źǹȥ
֣վڹǵĳǽϣȵ
¡¡
ʱһħں貵Ĺâɵ۹Ĵȥ
һɹɻʱݻ˲ɵ۹顣
ɵ۹Ĺ衣
ߣ
״һȫ¶ɢҵĽ⣬һȭݺݵǰĹǡ
䣡
ɫȭͷڷ棬ʱǿħѷ죬ƺҪˡ
ɫһ䣬ָȨһʹԼʱ˳ȥӭ
Ķңմÿ֣Ͼʵ̫ǿˣһ֣ôܴܿݻһħ󣬹ǵķҲܲסĽ
գ°ܽڻʲôʸҶ֣գм֮ɫ
ղȻŭȵ˵ôӡ𣿸ҹǹǣ㻹ٱӡһ𣿡
һӡһŭ𣬱ϾӡħУһֱһˣˡ
£һӿȣӶŽɫ˫ȭȫϢǣպɱȥ
䣡
ֳֽɫĳǹӭſɱ
λڵǿߣҲ¿񣬸Ӳƴ
Ȼһ̣յɫ͵ش䣬ΪӿȭͷϴĿֲĳǹˡ
䣡
ĳǹ͵һʹյֶˣֱ϶ѺۣѸ޸¾Ҫˡ
ߣһձˡ
ȻôǿɫضŶĿ֪սΪʲôʧˡ
£ղʵϥأݳǵص
ǽ𣿡üͷսǩԼվ͸ˣҲԽ
ûãһǿϢϱȵսй֮޲
ο񻯣һҲأѪο񻯾硣
ϾʱգѾӵһֹȵս˿ȻҴ⡣
ֵǳˡ
ͺ񿴵մһۣ˱˴еս⡣
ʱʮһλʹһָӹǵķʣµʮλʹһٶλλ񣬳ŷͺӭ
ս˰Ȼ


1244 
ţ
ŲԶյסĿ񡢷񡢺ˣҶ΢΢üͷһ
ɵ۹ĴϾȲϹĴҲȲϣΨһƾǿͷ񡢺λ񼶱ǿߡ
ڣǿ߱סˣɵ۹ĴȻ޷¹ǡ
޷¹ǣʧأڵĹħɱƬײֻܺˡ
ֻϳˣ
ʯЦ˹
ԱߣһµȻŮ
Ҷǵ˵ͷ˵ͷλˣ칥ƹǣƹء
ʱùѵˣʱͽˡȻŮ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵û⣬һӦõõĽѵ
ʯȻŮ񵱼𣬷ǡ
˴˿ҲϢǿʱӿȵϯȥΧնڲⷽضս
Զսնʱ𾪺ͺȻ
ʯ񣿡
ȻŮ񣡡
յȻʶͻȻֵľǿߣɫʱĿг𾪺͵ǡ
µ飬ջǷˡ
˳ʱͲµʯȻŮǿҲ˷ӡڿȷˡ
ȻҲǵսѾΣյʱˡ
סһҪסմ
ߣսҷģֱĺһ̣һɿֲͬӿĽɫΣճûˡ
ìһǹ̳ǹ⴦һҵУĹȫ˽ȥ
̫ˣһȻٶȱֲƥףӲеɣݺݵػյϡ
գʱѪ϶һ˿˿ѷ죬ͬ֩һ㣬ʱпѿ
ջǳûǵķ
ʯӶ˫֣ʯټĹǺҵĹħڲ
¡¡
ԶĴϣһ޴ʯÿһȸɽСڶȥɱǡ
ʯһ˵ʵѾ˿£˹ǡ
һߣȻŮҲûţһÿñɫ֦Ϊģ˷ӳȥ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ΧһƬɭ֣һÿþ޴սʯһɱǡ
ʯȻŮˣѾֵǧˣټЩɵ۹飬ʱùħһһ顣
ȻȥǱɡ
նʱȻûӦĹͬһܼӿ޷Ӧԡ
ɶ񡭡ѵҪѹһ߼ѵصֵſĹһм˼š
͹͹ϵԹڱչ֮УҲܹʱϵԷ
ֻҲǳڶûгأȻûͻƵǰľ磬ʱ֣Ҳֻǿסǣ޷ɵ۹
⣬ڰҲڳλԲ磬ǰˣôͻڰһԹ˵һĻϢ
ֻѹڹ⿿ǣ޷סǡ
ȵǱƵôҲ޷ټչˡ
䣡
ʯȻŮĿ͹֮£ڵķħһݻٵ
ЩǣȻڶ࣬κʯȻŮ̫ˣһ֣Ҳ޷סʯȻŮĹ
ʯȻŮӵдΧٻħЩٻʯ˺սȫӵλʵһ֮£ùҡҡ׹
ôĶӦÿԸӦõɣȻûгأͻƵҪͷˡ
ԶҶ˫֮УתɫĹâ
Ŀռ֮Ķ֮£ԿõȻڱչأûκξٶ
ּǿߣǱչأҲһԱֶξͲ£һеˣ
ԣڿ϶Ѿ֪ĶˣΪͻƵҪͷûмڳء
ʱҲʱ䣬Ƕڵȴء
񣬲ҪˣҶ쵱ɲϣͻƾ磬ʱ鷳ˡ
ͬʱҶҲʯȥɱΧͺЩʹǡ
ȻŮǡ
ʯãȺһ󷨺ϻģһʱҲ޷ǡŹ֧ԮԼʯ񣬶ʱ˿
ʵ񣬴ʱܵʮλλ۷ǿߵΧҲֻǿԱѣ޷սʤǡ
ʯˣǾûҪˡ
ϷˣʯЦһ˾ͳ˹һȭɱȥֱӾͽһʹƬ
ʯûиʹָĻᣬͬһ㣬ٶɱȡһö
һߣʯļ룬ʱѹΧԼĹʹѹȥ
λ֮£ȺǣƬ֮ͱɱһС룬ʣµҲսȫǡ
ʯͷҲûм׷ǣȥԶȥˡ
쳷ˣռ״ʱݺһصƣŹȥ
ͬʱкΧЩˡ
Ϊʯļ֮£Ҫôȴǵģ
װȥǼأزסˣʱܵȵء
յĴ㡣
Ҷȵ
յڣҲ˿赲ʯ񡢿񡢷񡢺ĽŲˣǴɵ۹ĴϵغŹǡ
ߴΰĹǣǹʥأ˹綼ĵط
Ȼ죬ȴԵҡҡ׹ˡ
죬סֻҪȴأʤͻǡ
ղѾӵϢҪˡ
ֵһ̣ʤǵˡ

վڳǽϣһַһ߸Ǽʹ
ʱʿܶ࣬һʿôʯ˵Ŀ͹֮£ҲܿҪˡ
ϣֻҪ˹ǣͶˡ
ͬš
ԼȺĿȫҪسŹǳȥԼƹǵķ
ֺҶ춼һ治ǺպĿ
䡭
ڣһħϱ֮ɵ۹鶼
ʯͿҲ¶Цݡ
Ӵ˳ΪȥˣҶ쵭Ц
Ѿɱ˹ǡ
ʯ񡢷ǽϡ
ǡɫޱѿųɵ۹ǣæΧĹӭȥ
Լȥ
գ㻹ܣһ׷ȥ
ߣǵŹŭٰɣտ׷ʱһݣеһöħӡǡ
һ̣ǵ°֮Уһ˫ɫӶȻ貵⡣
ֲϢ֮ϯǡ


1245 
ֲϢӵصӿͬ籩һ񷣬ܵնڱ𶯣ҡĩ١
ոչƹǵɵ۹ǣûеȵǸ˶ãǹǿѹ֮٣˶̲ס˵ϡ
һЩǿ飬еޱȵѹ֣·һʯѹţǳܣ٣ͬϢ
ֻдﵽ񾳽ǿ߲ǿЩһЩҲһɫǲԶӰ
һɫİɫӰģʮֻ޴ĳɢ޾Ĺâ貵ҫ۶Ŀ
ʣǹ죬˹ͷ֮һ
꣡־ϲߺһǷɵ
һܵĹǴʱҲڹ漯ᣬǷ·ҵĹƵģһ´ʿ
û˵һ仰ȴѾıսսʯɫ

ԶǸϤӰǱܣȻӡ
裬һֱģһֱһܹѩޡ
ʱ˾ǰ񼴱֪ԼǹĶ֣еս⣬ҲѾͲסͬɽһӿ
û뵽ȻԽͨΣСˣս㣬òԩ
ƺӦ˿Ŀ⣬ʱתͷ˵
⻹Ҫķӡʱȥп񻯣㳢һҵο񻯡
һٴνο״̬ǿʱֹţԴﵽԽӽʯȻŮǵĳ̶ȡ
۾һУʵսԣҶ֣㻹Զ
أ⣡ȻŮ˹һһ˵Ƶףʱ˷ŭ
Ǿȹģû뵽ȻΪ˷ӡڰ
ˣȻŮҲԸˡ
ԭȻŮ񣡡ȻŮ΢һ˿ΣϾȻŮжȴ𱨡
Ͼһָۣ֮ܿǰĮı飬˵ôûŮɣϲΪһ
ҲҪķӡᾲһȻŮ̵
Ůˣжͻƾ磬ֻСѡЦƤ֮
ŭȵ㻹ǵ𣿡
޳ܵļһΪסڰȴȣ̲ǵ硣Ҳŭ
񣬺񣡡
ǣ΢΢ЦôΪǱסͺ磬㲻֪ж£ȻǹҵĹ磬˶𱨣ҡ
ޣȻ˵ֻͨһƬ
ƿڴ޳ܵˣûô޳ܵˣһ㣬Ѿ񣬳Ϊ˹ĵһˡ
м֮ɫøǷϻôȥǵʵȻһûãСԽˣѾûʸƽദҶ࿴һ۶Ǹӣߣ
㡭
ͺŭ𣬿ϧѾ
ʱʯߵʯǱڰӡģԩ޳ΪҲ£
֮жѡʯ񵭵Ц
𣿡һԶɵ۹֮Уͷ¶β֮ȻеӷųΪУΪûӳң
ǺǣҿһֱѡһϷŰ
һ̣ҶӰ˺գڹǰ
ͫ׶ʱһΪղŸûвҶ٣˵Ҷ
˹ͷ֮һܿĿҶ죬˭Ҹû㣬ϢҲһ㶼ϤΪҪΪУ
ȻŮȹ㣬ȴϺڰӡˣҪԸ㣬ѵҪ𣿡Ҷ쳰
ߣѰ·۾ɵ϶֮кէ䡣
Ѱ·㣡һʱͻȻ˹Ѿο״̬ʵǵһֲĵزѾ޽ӽʯȻŮˡ
䣡
ӶԼֻɫȭͷƥƵҵ˫ȭ֮ų̫ͬըһ㣬ֲûء
ߣ츳ϧû磬ɲҵĶ֡۾һУ漴һһƬҵĹâ㽫Χȹסˡ
漴ʮֻ˸˼£ȴѾڿǰ˫۳һìſؿںݺݵشȥҪ˶
ȣ
һһȭݺݵӭȥìײһ𣬱貵ĹâӿȵΪģ˷ϯȥ캳ء
ǿĹû˿ˣսֱ졣
֮УԹĺδģսǿҵģԴ˿̲סȳˡ
ҶҲûй񣬶ǴʯȻŮһΧ
ڷ񡢺ǣɵ۹Ĵɱ¾Ĵ
񣬺ǵĶңճͺ˿̵õӳ֣˿ʯȻŮ֮⣬˭Ҳ塣
ͺ˿ҲĶ֣ʮ㡣
ȻһİӰͻȻǰ޷ǰһҶ졣
գҿɲȥŷͺǵһУԡĶҡ
Ҷ쵭ؿǰա
Ҷ죬ٴУųʯ񡢿˵ɵ۹ɴۣг˼ɵ
ΪղŹдСɴۡ
ԷܹųʯǣܼԦʯ񡢿Щǿߣ˵ûǿʵ˭ţ
ɵҲš
пܣĲҶսǴ˿ѾûѡĻᡣ
ʯȻŮ˲סȻĿǰϷ磬ȴԹ
뵽մȵɴۣҾͿʲô£սȨ
ῴģֻʱѾûкڵĻˡҶ쵭һЦֱ̧һ貵ĵâȫ˺ѿռ䣬նɱ
㱾£ռ״ʱ˿Ц
ʮֻĶͬһ˸һ߶㿪ЩâĹһ߳Ҷӽ
ȻһҵĵâҶϵӡ֮УͻȻպݺݵֱ¡
㡭ͫһš
˿ֲһղžȻûзֱ֣֮ʱſˡ
ԶҶ¶Ц֮ɫղֻǶԿռһССãҲֻ˹ʱһ£Ϊ֪


1246 ӭս

յĲҽ
ϵӡĿֲһٶȣﵽһֲֿĵز
յİӶնˣǿµĵӿȥݻյ壬ܵش
̫ǿˣ
ҧѸٻָ壬˼ٺˣҶ룬ֵؿŶҶ졣
ɴ̫ǿˡ
һ棬ͽشȿҪˡ
ֿµĵ⣬ǰδļ²ѡ
ܹסһ㲻ˡҶ쿴ԶգûгûȥնɱǵȵԷָ֮󣬲ŵ˵
ͬʱҶ컹ĹۿŲԶǵս
һʼ񼴱ȫ֣ҲǹĶ֣ѹƵ޻ֵĵز
ʯȻŮȥ֮ڽ˿
˴ʱ֣һͬΧȻ޷ѹסȴѾǿԱˡ
Ҫսʤǣʱǲõġ
ȻûнλԲ磬ȴҲ˲ʵھλԲֻ벽ˣʯȻŮŸոսλ۷徳磬ǹĶ֡
Ҷ찵뵽
ҶĿŵս֮зģȴһҲûие裬гء
ΪҶĵʵ
ɱٴγ֣׼ᣬͶһìɢɽ⣬ǰĲնɱҶ졣
䣡ҶֳսףнѪѸٳӭȥ

ȻҶ쿪ʼˡ
Ҷ֮վͲˡ
ۣ
ݺύ֮䣬յһֻ첲Ҷϣǿĵѹ񷣬䱳γһĺ蹵
ŵľæٴκˡ
ʵ̫ˡ
ȻһΣҶȴûƹˣеѪٴλӶһҵĵâǰնˡ
ŵֻȫֵ
䣡
ǿײһ𣬺ܿͷֳʤ貵ĵâֱ˺յķеìˡ
¡¡
嶼ըˡ
Ҷһݻմ壬ֻʣһѪܵԴڽɫ֮£Զݶȥ
ҶȻŹգ׷ɱȥ
վֵغ
ԶʯȻŮ˴սĹعͷʱ𾪵һĻ
ô᣿
յĲҿʱһ
Ŷã
ղҶųգŲ̶Ƭ̶ѣվȻѾ⸱ģҪһվѾˡ
ҶǿʵùԽɵˡ
ôնĵˣĵ֣Ȼؿ䡣
ʯǣӭշȥڰ;гҶͶһ˽ɫì
ͬһУڹȴƥܣ֮ǰʩչʱǿˡ
ҶҲҴ⣬ݺһӭȥ
䣡
ײһȻҶʤˡ
ֻǹǲִ֮һУҶ켴ʤˣҲΪ֪ʵǳǿ
ղһѾ˹һߡ
ɴۣСˣѹб·ųʯǡʱ򣬹Ѿǰ令ĿضҶ졣
˹ıæָ壬ͬʱһЩĵرָԼԼʵӿָ
ͬʱʯ񡢿ȻŮҲ׷Ҷһǰһ󣬽շ
˰Χȴ޾ɫֻĿҶ죬һ˿ɵ
Ҳϧûʱˣչؼʮ꣬ܽλԲˡҶЦ
Զʯ񡢿ԣʱ־ϲ˿ҿγ磬ùλԲ磬ôùľˡ
˰Ҳѡ
ûͻƣҺΣػӦĿȻŮһɨĲм
˵ʵղѾʶˣһвûУһЩʱ䣬ܹǡ
ΨǰҶ죬ùоЩɲ⣬ԲŲҴ⡣

һܲ˹Ŀǿʱŭų
ʯȻŮĿһ˲йᱻشһɱȥ
ղź棬ǻΪκβǣųԼĿˣɵһЦ
һ˿ɱֹͷų
䣡˫ӡͳ漴𣬻ɬѶ˶ʹ·Ƕħ
ţҶüͷ漴ͺȵСġ
ȻѾˣ貵Ĺ˲֣֮նɱӿʯȻŮ˵ıݺݴ롣
ۡ
һ˲䣬˵ȫѪɳȥ
ߣ׷ɱҶѾǰеѪݺݵЯŰƥơ
ܵǿĵƣʱĿӦҶĹ޷׷ɱǡ
˳ûָ壬˿ԶҶĹнǳ˺Ȼ𺳡
ղһ˲䣬Ǽֱûеֵ֮ش
ȻܹΪ˹ľͷûһǼ򵥵ģղӦþǹľ֮һˡʯ̾
ȻŮ˵ͷ˵ӡ֮ǰѾﵽλ۷徳磬ôȻûͻƣǴһЩµľУǺпܵģϾ츳Ҳ
ڣղ֮УٻһҲ֮ɫ
ȲҪ˵ˣͽְɣȿ㽫սȻѹ󡣡ʯ˵
ȻŮǰսʱҶսȫû·磬ʼѹסˡ
־ϲû뵽Ҷʵ˿¡
һǾûҪˣתֶԸˡ
޸֮ҲڹעҶսǿġ
˹磬Ҳֻͺڰһս
ۼʶҶǿʵղ֪ԼˣҴķǳס
ʱҶ죬ֱͬһ޵еսеѪÿһ˺أݻ񷡣
ҶһƵǱѣֻܷлᷴˡ
ôôǿš
ղԼսҶֻˣѣĻˡ
յ־ڿʼҡˣҲһΣǵĹҪˡ
գȥɣɱ˹֮еգԼǿһ
ʯȻŮҲ˹·ӡ
˲


1247 
ҪҲҪ㹻Ĵۣ
·Ѿ֪ԼҪѾ׷ˣ״̬֮£ȼԼľѪԼǿ
ԭ貳ҵøˣʮֻɢҫ۵ĹâǶһ˫򣬺͹һʮֻ
һ̣һǿϢϱ
䣡
ǿһյסˡ
ֲ˲ŷ˷ϯȥһƬ֮г˿˿ѷ죬漴顣
մһֱ۳һìעƥŷҫ۵ԣǰĿ񶴴ȥ
ͫһû뵽ջȼվѪҲϾղɵӣ֪ܲԼ˵Ķ֣ѡƴ
ҲЩѪȣûֶԸ㣡ͺһԼο񻯴߶˼ޣ˫ȭ񵲣ȼվѪǿһ
¡¡
һ֮£ضˡ
Χշ·һ㣬һ飬Ϊ˷档
ۣ񵹷ɳȥһѪ
Ҳܣӵˣƺһ
һ˵˿񣬵ԼҲྫѪȥֲ˶ãҪԼͻΪķ̫ྫѪ䡣
գ˹ⱲźʯʱҲˣմԼǿһ
ޱأʯľΪҪȿһΣʵȿҪǿϰ֡
䣡
ֻ֮Уʯĳ֣һ̫ɽƾճ֣ѹȥЩ̫ɽɢſֲѹ˵񶼸еء
ոоԼ·ӣҲԸܣ˫ֽգеͳ۳ʮɫìЩ̫ɽȥ
ৣ
Щìͬһ㣬Щ̫ɽݺݵײһ
ȻûãЩ̫ɽȻд룬ѹ屻ûʯͷĺ֮С
һٵյС壬ȵʱһֻ첲һֱȶˣӷǳǱҡ
ʯ񣬲ɴۣȻŮ֣ҲӮⳡսġղǵѪҺȼվѪԱ㻻ӻԼĲѸٻָ
ֻɫЩ԰ˣϾһսķѵľѪ̫ˡ
ʱֹͣȼվѪΪ綼Ҫһˡ
ʯȻŮڴˣ޷ֹͣȼվѪ
һ㣬ûЩ޳ܵ飬񡢺ȻŮ񡢿񣬶վߣϧŭʯЦ
ȻŮҲ˹˵壬ҲʲôöģʯͿԸ㣬ǲټˡ
Ȼûг֣ȻŮȴΧշˣûܵĿܡ
̫ˣǳ֣ڰҲֵģ籾ǿʳʤ̭ңҲǲģԸǣߵ
ʱ򻹲֪ʡߣûҪϻˡһٶȳա
㲻ɣһӭȥȼվѪ״̬֮£ټϽڵʵѾǿһЩˡ
ֻÿһķ˺ܶྫѪȻѹƿ񣬵ȴ޷άֳʱ䣬༸ʱ֮Ҫ䡣
ʯ񿴵ոûܵʱûмˣǺȻŮһ𣬷գۿս
һսú࣬ȵԸսһսҪ࣬ΪսǱҶɱģȼվѪûᡣ
ȴȼ˾Ѫ
ʱţյľѪԽԽ٣ʵҲʼ½
ңҶԹѹƣﻹжգԼֲסˡ
䣡
֮޷ˣߴ壬һȭ飬ؿڶըˡ
ŽߵĿ񣬸Լţû˵һ仰ֻһ̾Ϣ
֪ټĹ磬ʢĹҪ״˹ʧˡ
λսʹҲΪʷ
ɢյ񱻿ץסˣ
˿ҲܣܴܵشһսֻʣˣֻԱû취սˡ
ȥ񡢺ǲЩ顣
ʯȻŮϵ˹ҶսǱߡ
ʱΪˣ̾͸Ӧˡ
աһ
ҶĹ̫ˣ޷Ĺ۲Ǳߵսǳʯ񡢿ȻŮ֮£տ϶׶༪١
ֱһ̣յ䣬֤ʵĲ²⡣
ɫյ䣬ֻձϾס֣ǿĹ硣
ȴͻȻ䡣
ùе˳صѹ
ƺһֵˡ
ǹһҪһͳ˹磬ҾԲŭһ¹âɣֲ
ţƴ𣿡Ҷ״ʱΪһҲҪȼվѪƴˡ
Ȼһ̣ȴҶ۾
ΪȻתˣҶһʱ䣬뿪˴˵ء
ҶȻʵѹһҪֹ뿪ȴҲѣϾûô
ȻҶ챩¶ռ䷨Ļʱ䷨Ļô¹նɱ
ֻҶ첻Ϊһͱ¶Լơ
ϴα֪Լӵпռ䷨ѾҶ찵ˣʱԲ֪ĵơ
߾߰ɣֻҪõڶһԺʱʱ
Ҷܿȥ׷
ʯȻŮȥһ£ǵʵܴ󣬸޷ء
Ե÷ǳʡ
֣ôˣҪ֪˹ⳡսӮòסʯɹɫЩѿ
ҶЦʵҵԤϣûϵǲȥҲǵġҸղһս򣬿ͻƣһܳ׽ˡ
Ŷǹϲˡʯʱ־ϲ
ҶʵղѾչʾˣѹƵģֻߡ
Ҷʵٽһ¹λԲ磬ҲҶĶ֡
ˣǳˣһɥ֮ȮǵвҲˡȻŮ˵
ĴαײˣЩڹȫһ³ʣµ˶²󳼷ɵ۹֮¡
ôټʯ񡢿ЩǿߣȻŮȻˡ
ҶΪһˣŲӲǵģһˣôӲǣ
ˣϿʰо֣ҪȥչˣʱǴˡҶ˵Ȳطıչңǵڶгڴ


1248 ɫ
һôˣżƵģ
ȻŮüҶıӰգ֮䣬ҲҶˣȴԸӦĵҶڹڡ
ܲô࣬λգƱϴλսҪأʯȻŮ΢к֮󣬱ڹҸطչȥˡ
ʯջĿ⣬˵ּҲû¶һŭߣûһ⣬ҿ޳𣬻ܹΪĿġ
ôҲûж⣬Ҳˣɵ۹һ˦ƹ˵ɵ۹³˹ģһϵѡһûҰĵˣ˵ٺòˡȻŮ˵
ʱദҲҶΪˣƽ˱չ֮⣬ںɵ۹飬¹磬Ҳûжٸˡ
ڰҰļҲͬȻŮ񡢽˷ǳġ
˵ĲûҰľõģƺͺڰҲͰȫˡʯ˵ͷ
ǵս𽥽ŹİӣյĲʣĹǴһЩ֮⣬ȫͶˡ
ȻҲвˡ
ѡͶϾܶͶֻǿعʵϣһӻ
Ҷչ˸ǿʵôȻԸͶǿߡ
ȻǿĹˣôǲΪǿɵ۹еһԱ
֮£񡢺ǽܷ²ǳ˳󲿷ֱӱɢʹɵ۹ľࡣ
ͬʱҲڰؽǣǳرΪ֮ˣžԵɡ
ЩҶʱѾ˹ıչ֮ء
ò˵һǳչ֮Ҳв󷨣ҿҶӵпռ䷨򣬷ҪѺܴһʱܴ
ıչ֮ؽķǳι̣ҽ˹µǼڵռӶʹ޷Խ
ΪˣҶô꣬Ҳӵпռ䷨ȴҲΪֻؿŹռ֮ء
Ȼ֪ռڣȴ޷򿪣ҲܽУֻܸɵۿš
ôȥѾҪطˡ
ռ䱻һҸˣ޴صʯŽرգ涼̦֩Ҳ֪˶ˡ
лôΪػ˵ˣҪţѾõˣ
ǰյĹʯţҶ΢΢һЦҲѡ
ǰæ
Ҫǹ֪Ҷ룬»Ѫ
ûмϻҶȡѪһ㳯ǰʯźݺݵ˹ȥ
ʯűϾǹŪģ϶ǿ󣬷Ҳôġ
ȻѪǲࡣ
䣡
ֻһ죬ʯŶˣΧǽȴû˿ˣֻһЩ𶯶ѡ
ԿóҶĿƣǶôĸ
ִΧ;ʯҶѪ̤Уû˿⣬һصסˡ
˹Ū֣ĻҲڣӶҡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦƣռ֮ǰķһȱڣ漴һ롣
һ̣ҶǰһһĿռ䡣
뵱õһĵطһһҵĿռ䣬ܼ򵥣ȻҲֻ˹ƽչĵط
ҶĿ⣬ȴǱһϵһħȨ
һɫħȨȣˮһӨ͸ɢŵĹΡ
ȫǿ֮ȴ͸ŲͬѰϢļµϢҶ궼ڲ
⡭
ʣ˹׵Ȼֻһλ׵ҲԶԶǿҶѪ
ϾĲ̫ˡ
֣˹׼ȻˣΪλԼҶЩɻ
ܿ죬ʹϢе֪˹֪ԼҪʱصġ
һսףҲ׼ûü磬ͱλ׽ȡˡ
ԣҲʣһħȨȣ
ħȨȵֽɫ
һ֣ⶫô󣬱ϾҲħʦҶЦ˵
ȻûôҶȴǳˡ
ûôȴȡ޴ô
ⶫõȫԶһңʱҶͿԶһһѪǿˡ
ȻЩ̫룬Ҳһ޴ջˡҶܿȡɫħȨУɢҫ۵Ĺâ
Ҷ֮ɢĹâӵҫۺĿˡ
ͬʱһǿҲ֮ϯϢҶ
зֵסҾҪٵˣǶҪܵݻ١
̫ǿˣ׼Ҿ޷ȫӳҲҲսˡ
Ҷʱ¶ϲ֮ɫ
޷ħȨͷųǿħ䣬ȴ԰һӲĹչԼǿ
Ͼ׼ǼӲ̶ȣ䱬ǳˡ
Ҷ֮ɫݺݵ֣¾ǹǿߣҲᱻһӴݻ塣
ֱһɱ
ȻⶫڹĻôҶֻܸϽ˹ˡ
ΪһħȨͷųħ䣬ôɱҶˣѾﵽλҲĶ֡
ҶʱɵðңҿûеõħȨȣˡ
з֣ԵֵɫҾչأúħȨȵʹá
Ҷ׼һɫԺսͼ򵥶ˡ
׼ŰɫϾⶫ㵱ãҲһǳǿܶս
ⶫ˵ˣʮҶ춼аսɱһ룬ӶӲ
£Ҷϵ³˹ǣ滤Ϣʱ֪ͨ
Ϊ³˹ˣԼڣҶʱϵ³˹³˹˹κεط˲յϢ
³˹ʱڰؿ磬յҶϢϾͺͽкŹ˲ƶ
ʵҲڰ֣صˡ
ʯѾˣûйôҰģҲûô£Ҫռô硣
ԣǾͬռһ磬Ҳͼˣʹùķǿˣ򣬶ǶʱԳɹġ
ҶҲǳͬ飬Щѧˣ֪Žǿˡ


1249 ӿ
Ź䣬ӵϢȥ֮˹綼ˡ
ôͺڰ磬粢֮һڰĽľǿߡ
Ȼȴڶ̶̼֮ڣǿĹͳ˹ȥʽúܶ˹鶼𾪲ѡ
ɵ۹ȡ֮Ϊ硢ڰ粢󳬼֮һ
˵˹ĸ֣׸ıˡ
ӿӿ˹飬ڰעţ֪ܹɵ۹᲻ͼ
Ȼ˾ȵǣûãɵ۹˱ӿ硢硢̳ȫص˹磬Ҳڵ硣
Щɵ۹磬һʼû˸ҽܣǺ񿴵ɵ۹һ㶼⣬һЩǿ飬㿪ʼ⼸ռɽΪˡ
ڰûЩ磬˵ڼɵܹɵ۹
ȻֳĬ߸ϣƺһ㶼ɵ۹ǰȴʱǿǻ總һһ
Щɵ۹ǿߣʯǲûн𣬷֮ǲιۣЩǿ߷ǳΡ

ڰ֮ǡ
Ȼˣüͷ壬𾪺Ͳš
õϢǱҶһ˻ܵģû˲ս
ϴοҶֻһλڶѣȻܹԽλ۷徳Ĺ
츳жôǿ
˿ռ䷨򣬻ӵôߵս츳Ȼһսĵһһ˿ʵĹâ
Ҷ֮ǰһսţƾſռ䷨ģǰһٶûн롣
ǳҶ죬˿ռ䷨򣬻ӵôߵս츳
ɶ˼ңҲô׾ͻ˹ɫһƬ
ҶѾõǸڵأѾõǼ֪᲻ʵиӼɵˡ
Ϊˣ㷢ɵ۹˽ͺ磬п磬ûȥռ졣
ҶȦס
ǰ׳գͨ˶ļӣѾµõҶ϶ڰжʲôֽţĻôúõľͻȻ˼
ֻ񻹲֪ʵݣѾҶ֪ˡ
Ȳ٣ڹһˣְܸɣѾûвˣÿԺһ¡ͻȻһĨЦ
ǰǴأĵˣڲͬˣȫԳΪѣΪǶһͬĵˣǾҶ졣

硣
Ҳǵһʱ֪˹һսĸſĿ֮һ˿֮ɫû뵽ɵ۹ɴ۾ȻʵͻƵλ񾳽磬¶Ҫɵˡ
˵һ˿š
λ񡭡
˹Ѿܾûеλˣôĵһλλ츳ʵǳǿ
ֻ
ֻ뵽ЩץߵǰǣʱڼͻƵλ񾳽磬Ҳֻܵ͵磬κεĶҡ³϶ЩյǰһӴʧ١
Ŀǰʵͺڰô꣬Ӧòǻ֮һʯ񡭡
üͷ΢΢𣬼˼ʯϼһûӴ֪ԣһɵ۹ܹҲϴǷֻϼһıǣ񡣡
뵽ɫЩѿˡ
Ǹ߸ϵ˹ĵһǿߣȻˣ
Ǻεȵĳ裬ֱˡ
û˿ԥ̾뵽˱ҲҪѵһʯЩǲܱõġ
ֻɴ۵ʵЩɵ
Ȼűʤİգһɴ۱Ƴλʵʱǻ֪ˣҪˡ
ڿɲ׳֣ǵԼ¶ʵ
ôʯװһΣҲǲʵġ
˹ô꣬ͺڰҪƷʲôʱùҲ̫ˡ
֮֮ͻȻǸһ˿Цݡ
ţ˴üЩǿ߳˻ɵ۹Ǳߣȫɵ۹Ķ

Ȼ硣
Դӱڰӹ֮󣬾ͳ׳˺ڰĵ̣ܿڰ飬мʮλڰλ
û֪֮󣬾Ȼ硣
һطһ߻ָƣһ߼չأ׼λԲ硣
һʱȥѾ׻ָˡ
ɫȻѿҧգߵɵ۹ߣǵһ£ҽλԲ磬ʱһȫΪҵū
Ȼڴ˵رչأȴҲ֪ɵ۹Ķ
Ϊ滹һȺĵ£ڸϢϾһҰĵˣܾôչأ˹ԡ
һۣ˵ֻһʧܶѣûһ겻һνεĳһϴˢ
ţҪң
ͻȻһһ˿֮ɫ
ڸոգյһ´ϢǺڰǸ£Ҫһ档
СӼҸʲôЩɻ
Ȼ֪񣬵ȴ˽⣬ΪĶǺڰ
ͨȥԸģҲסսλ
ʱһ뵽ľǺڰ
ѵڰһˣ¶ҵ⣬ڰһչسλԲ磬û飬ܳء
ԼʱҲǱƵû취ǰˡ
ڰûܵвΪͻȻأѵѾͻǸ
ʱɵ
ڰͻƵǸ磬Ҳ£ڹŲ´Ь
£Ǹ½
ҪСһˣʲôУߣߵ
ĺܿ죬һ£˴˵أ˹
ƻָŵĹЩȣǹôʹʧܵĴ֮лָ
СӣٷϻڰҸʲôߵ
ֻǺڰ£ʸƽ˵
ǺǣڰڱչأûͻƵλԲǲܳصģԼġ΢΢Ц
Լ壿üͷһ壬漴мʲôǺڰµһŹѣҲ˵Ͳˡ


1250 
㡭
Źмͷ̵ĻԭЦݵ׶ʱͬһ͸ű䳹ǵϢи˸ŷŭĹâ
ɣúڰңҶԻʸ񡣡Ȼмغߵ
սȭͷ˭ţѾĸ߲㿴أӶص
Ļһλ׼ǿߡ
˵λ񣬾λ񶼸û
ҪԼҵλ񼶱£ū
£Ҳ̲סǰǸ߸ϵǱˣĹѾɵ۹ռˣҲɴۻˣҲֻһɥ֮Ȯѡ
˵ʲô
ԲȻŭһǿϢϯȥŶѹȹȥ
¡¡Χľʯ޷Զߴʯз裬һÿòεض𣬳˹ȥ
ߣ
һͬһǿϢѹƴ
䣡ǿݺݵײһͬöײһֲм䱬˵񷣬캳ء
ΧĴأһѿһɽУȻը飬ͬһܼ
Ŀݺݵײһ𣬿֮ƺĦһƬ𻨣ӿֳǿγ˿µ硣
ŵգʼռͬһ㣬ˡ
е㱾£ѹֺڰ˿㡣ŶĿһ˿֮ɫ˵
ȻʵЩȡ
ʵնҪǿ࣬Ѿսˡ
ңóʵʵҪǿս
ڿԺú̸һ̸𣿡ߵ
ùԸҶ죬úһϻһ˹ѣͲ
УЩ˹飬ֻȦūѡ
ߣԺλ񾳽磬һһʱȻҵūʱ㻹ǷǵýһУߣ
ĿЩ䡣
ȻصǾԲŹġ
˵ɣҵʲô飿һ漴Լơ
վǿΪ磬ȻѾչԼǿʵȻٽԴ
ң֪ΪҪĳ⡣

۾˵ĵɵ۹ǺڰҲɵ۹Ϊѣйͬĵˡ
ܹڰǼһҺߵ
ڰչصʱ򣬺ڰһ鶼ŵ˵
˵ͷ漴ЦֻҪҽλԲ磬ʱԻɴۣҪǺǶһ١
ʱаջɴ𣿡Цѵıչ֮УһԼ޷ңҿԸ㣬˱ɴ۾Ϊ˵õǼŹĹģѾõǼȥ͸ӲĶˡ
ʲô
ɫ͵һ䣬ضɭȻô֪Ǹطģ
ΪڰҲһĵطߵ
һ䣬ΪʲôʶɴۣΪλΪˣԭΪǸط
Ǹطõ꣬޷룬ôȥǸطˡ
ڿط˺ܴܣɴ۲ϧһд۶ҪõҲ֪ط
ɵó֪ǸطϢңұ
ߣһ˵ˣҿɲҺϾȫԿɴܾˡ
⣬ҲⷢǸطֻ֪һλǿı֮أʲôҾͲ֪ˡ
ǺڰӵеǸطأʲô
㶼ȥڰһҲȥߵ
ôһ˵˿УĶȻǺڰǳĺڰõıԽˡ
ڿڰһӵɽ
գ˵ɣҪôھ͹һˣʣµǵ£ǺڰҲûʲô
㽫ڰѣȻ󼯺֮кڰĴһȥɵ۹Ц
üͷһ壬˵һѣԼܻ𣿶ңҲ֪ڰǼһڱչصҪͷûʲô飬أ
ΪˣҲܻѺڰţ϶ܹ԰ɣЦˣҲַӡȻŮͺڰĹϵȻ̫ҲԼԼ֪һЩ
ߣ۾һУЩòҪ֪̫࣬ûô
Ҳ֪ЩҲûҪ֪ЩҪ㣬ǵطʲôɴ۶ҪʱǸطıʵȻһ¥ʱ˵ͺڰˣ¶κˡߵ
һ˿ԥǱ֪˵öԡ
ðɣҴӦˡ漴˵а뵽ҼȻûнλԲ磬óûѺڰҲ޷ͻ磬ǻһϡ
ţǳһĨЦ
ھȥڰ֮ǰɣδҹζ࣬黹Ҫɡ⣬ѾȻˣȵڰأʱܽɵ۹˵
׼ҲգȽɵ۹ߣߵ漴һɶ𣬳źڰ֮ǵķ˲ƶȥ
һʱͺڰȥɣҳûǸأߺߣǾ͸ҸƴɣƴƴҲҪش
񰵰Ц
ڸҶҶ֣ΪļԱˣûǣƣͿԸҶˡ
Լ׼ƻõڰصǼ֮ء

磬֮ǡ
һʱ֮ҶѾɫˣȻħʦȴ԰ħȵŹʹãǳǿ
ʱҶȫţλ񣬶ȫһսˣٿڲ֮ء
ΪħȨ֮ҶĹвλ񼶱ǿߣ壬Ҳλ񾳽ļսһ¥
ⶫϾֻҽλ񾳽֮󣬻ǽȡҡ
Ҷ찵뵽


1251 
ɫʹֻһʱ֮ˣҪҶ콫һ׼ɷʹãҲ᲻á
ңҶõģùġ
ԺɫȡңҶ϶ҪһѸĵϾ֮·
ɫ֮ҶʵʱѾ˹κսˡ
ϱڰˣֻҪõǵҾͿ뿪˹ˡ
Ҷ΢΢Ц
˹Ҳһǧˣʥʱȴǲ̫Զˡ
ҶѾԼˣΪ磬ѾûмסıҪˡ
ֻҪûлͲ䣬ˣҲԶ֮У
ҶŵĿ֮꣬ǰ׾磬Ӷվ۷壬һδǺεȵң
סһ죬Ҳ̤ģҵݱɱ˹绹Ҫ硣
Ҷ߳ң˹գĿг˼ᶨ֮ɫ
Ȼ˹ֻһǧ꣬ҶջȴǷǳģȲ˵ɫ󣬾͵ռͻƵ˵ʮ㣬Ѿ޴ͻơ
Ҫ֪˹֮ǰռҲֻͻƵʮһѡ
ǿĹԽԽѣҶ챾üͻһ㣬ѾǺܴˣô㣬ֱ
ȻҶû뵽õһ֮ġ
ռʮ֮ҶٶȾͻˣʱ֮ڣǲŹ֮жٽˡ
ûĻôռ䣬ǾֻʱĻˡ
ԣڿʼҶѾռٶȣʼ¶ڲڰ棬ȡΪ硣
ϾڵսѾˣΪȴֻλ񾳽磬֮Ĳʵ̫ˡ
ҶҪλԲ磬ʱͿ԰Ϊ׾׼ˡ
Ҫ֪кܶλԲǿߣеսӽˣ֮ʱȻ޷ɹ׾磬Ӷ䡣
ЩսǿλԲȴǳɹ׾硣
ⲻԭ򣬻׼׼Խ㣬ʱļʱԽ
Ƕ˵ǽĹؿѣԾ͸Ҫ׼ˡ
ңѾԪĺˣҶʱ䲢࣬żӶʡʱ
ϣǵҵΪеô
Ҷ찵뵽
ּ֪ʺСϾ˹ЩǸͽսġ
ͽѾﵽλԲ磬ΪѾﵽ۷壬ҪΪˡ
ԣ˹һ֮ģǰͽǿս
ȻɫǸͽǿս
һҲǸͽǿսġ
Ҳһ׼ס
ô˵ЩļֵܸߣҶ쵽ʱȡңӶΪ뾳硣
ΪǿȻкܶ౦԰Ϊ磬ЩҲǰװ͸ģҪȥҶһ
Ҳ˵ҪصЩΪʲôأ
ΪıҲޣͣôԪٶıҲ͹ˡ
ңȥ׬ȡңҲһ飬ǷʸʹЩ
Ҫ֪֮⣬ˣ㻨ʮļ۸Ҳ빺Щ
֮ģڶдǼ۸Ҳߵˡ
ҶֻҪ˹µıòţҲܻȡңʱЩǿԼʵˡ
³˹
΢΢˼һҶ컽³˹
³˹һֱҶıչ棬Ҷٻ˲ƹˡ
ǰ³˹Ҷ΢΢Цһ£³˹ˣս֮Ѿﵽλ۷徳磬ΪҪһΡ
ΪҶһΣ³˹ҶǰȴǱֹ̬ȡ
ϾҶս̫ǿˣλܹһս
ңѾҶǩԼ汾ԴǩģֻҪûлԼһֱЧҶֻҪһ˲Ĩɱ³˹
Ȼ³˹׾磬ҲܹԼ
ϧ³˹Ⱳӿ¶ûᡣ
ңôҶ죬³˹ѾˣϾҶҶİڱ˵ˣ񾳽綼ѡ
ԣ³˹һҶ죬㹧˵үʲôԸ𣿡
ȻŮʯΣұչصʱ䣬ڰʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
³˹æ˵˿˱չ֮⣬˶ڽԼأ£Լ
ҶԵ˵ͷڹ¹֮󣬷ȻŮҲԻһ̣֮ΪģˣǶڽԼأ˵ϳ
֮ǣȻҶġ
Ҷ˵ˣֻҪһ֮ǣʣµȻŮǻ֡
Ȼԣǻһ壬ǿɵ۹
ȻŮʯѾѧˣڿɲٶȥŽɵ۹ͥ棬һǾͲκǿĵˡ
ںڰ硭³˹üͷ΢΢һʼǻûʲôǾͿʼȻ磬ڶ࣬Ǻڰ߳ϵıˡ
߳ɣҶĿһ漴ߵͻȻô϶Ϊ˷ս˹磬ֵúڰ緢սֻһ磬һɵ۹
ʵޱǿǿɲҽ硣³˹
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ǳģ㽫ϢȻŮ𣿡
˵ˣҲ׼ˡ³˹˵ͷ漴˵磬Ǻ֣һʼ˼Ӻڰ磬ȴ˼ˡΪǺ˺ڰ磬ŸҴ
ʲôĿģֻҪǱûеǾͲᣬȫӦڰսˣǲҪǵĽҪʤ׷һڰ硣Ҷߵ
³˹һɵæ˵үڰ粢ѣϾڰʵҲͺ͹൱һ˺ڰ磬Ҳסˡ
³˹˵Ĳǰιͺڰ粻ܣΪͺڰòɿԶв
ڵɵ۹ͺڰҲһ
ɵ۹˺ڰ磬Ǿֻʣɵ۹ǿˡ
Աȶһɽݶ


1252 ڰ
ס
ҶһЦ˵ססɣҪʵʵĻܼңһʱ䣬ҪǸҳңǾͱȥˡ
³˹԰𾪲ѣѹͺڰô꣬Ѿﵽλ񾳽磬ҶȻš
Ҷôã³˹Ҳ֪Ҷ첻὾Դ˵ֻ˵Ҷαչͻơ
ĳţ
³˹뵽
ԸȥȫսҶ˵ͳԶȥΪмϤǿϢ
ȻŮʯǣǸӦҶأһˣ˳Ҷһºڰٵ顣
ԴˣҶǳŵ̹ԣʱͺڰͽˣʣµȻŮʯӦ
ȻŮʯԣȻ˲٣ϾֻҪǶϹͺڰڵʵȫԺɨڰǿߡ
ֻǲ֪Ҷлһһ˿ռ䷨ţ͹ڰҶҲֻԱİա
ĹأҲҹȻԸңҶ찵뵽
Ϊ˷ֹɱأ˶ԷˣԲɱֻЩﵽ׾ǿߣΪƣ޷Լ
ҶûеʲôףȻɱ
ңҶıʦŷ۾Ƿ涼ָһľǿߣĸ׸ҶҶ֣
ʵϣѹûҪҶ֣԰ѹҶ죬ȴܰϣ˭֪ûλģڹ۲˹磬ɶĲһԸͬţôˡ
ңĿǼڹĶѺڰ
ڹͺڰĹϵȻ֪ĲôϸȴͨЩĵ飬֪ʵǳˣϵЩܣͬʱҲֻ֪йúڰһȥԸҶ졣
ȻŹڰıչ֮ʱҴһħӡǡ
ǳ𾪣Ϊħӡǵڰڸģڰ磬ֻһ˻ᡣ
ǹҲᣬǺڰģΪʲô᣿
Ҫ֪ͺڰͷͺڰǶ¡
Ȼˣһǵˣȴϵ֪ʲôϵ񰵰뵽
¡¡
ԾȵʱһǿϢȻ֮дϯڰ֮ǡ
ǺڰϢ
Ϣ֮Уһ˿񱩣޾ĺڰ
⣡һŭ䳹ǣ֮д
һ̣һǿѹֶ¡
ɫһ䡣
䣡ҵĴűըһȫںɫ֮еӳǰصŹ
ǵԼ㾹Ҵұչأڰŭ˵
һ˿Σ漴ָ˵ɲܹңҪҺһ㡣
ת֮䣬Ͱˡ
òѪ
䣡ûͣڰһȭæ㿪ñͨٵˣҲʼˡ
ڰ̫ˡڲԶ֣ŭȵ
״һ˿죬û뵽񾹸ڰ죬⿴һ㶼ƺڰ¡
֣ڰ䶢ߵȻƻԼҲˡ
˵ùأҪģΪôױ˵æ˵
ڰüͷһ壬漴˹֪Ը񣬼Ȼܹ˵ǿ϶ʲôҪˡ
£ڰߵȻҪ飬ȫֱӻңΪν֣
ԼˣǺڰܵĴһɲ㣬һôˣǾΥԼ˵
ȻҵĺڰûΣգǾ㲻ʲô顣ڰߵ
æ˵иϢȸ㣬ԺٶԸˣΪѾΪʷˣҲ͹¼ҹһ
ղŹת۳ȻҲ
ŭȵ
ڰȴ֮ɫ漴Ц˵ʲôûˣǱ𣿲ԣһԼˣƾʵ磬ѵǼһ֣
ɵ۹һɣʵޱǿѾ˹ңų˱ӡȻŮʯ񡢿ˣ˹硣˵
ɣôûڰԴʧɫʵģԷȻԻܹôԲ֮£ȴûԷ
ҲûӦһĸ֡ߵ
˵ɵ۹Ұĺܴ˹磬¸Ŀˣʵпٽһﵽĳ̶ȣʱǺڰ³͹һҲ㡣
Ȼˣ͸ӲܻңҼչأ꣬Ҿͻˡڰ˵
ԣֻý֮ǰ˵飬ٴζԺڰ˵һ顣
ڰؿ˵û뵽ҲõǸطȻң
ߣ㲻Ҳûҡߵ
ڰٶԣǿ˵ôȷһԽǸط㵱˵Ҳû롣
ֻܸ㣬һ˹磬ֻҺӵС񵭵˵
ȻԽǸطһͬңһȥ˵Եõɡ
Ǻڰһܾˡ
ڰҵõģûʸ֣ߣһ¼ҹˣѾûʸҶˡ
һŭȴûз
ڰǵԼŭصźڰ
ڰЦԼǵԼ磬ܹȻǸطġڣѾˣԶûĻˣԼȻҲͲˡ
Զʱһ˵ȻˣǹڣὨһµĹ磬ǵԼ
ٽˣڰ˵
һԵĹߵڰ˵̫ˣֻҪûлңҾͿԼԼһٿһġ
һǿˡڰЦһ̣һǿϢȻӺڰϱ¿ռ䶼ûˡ
Բ磡Զɴ۾𾪡
Ҳš
ߣղֻƭǵģѾλԲ磬֮ûгأֻҪһλ񾳽ˡ
ڰЦ


1253 
źڰչֳǿϢһ𾪣ǹг˾ֺ;
񻹺ã֮жʱһ˿ϲɫ
һʵǿˣԸɡ񰵰뵽
ڰĿ⿴˹˵Լ֪ô˰ɣ
֪ɬ˵ƶûˣﻹиһƣ·һƵģǷϡ
ɵþޱȣ֪ͺڰʲôԼڰﵽλ״Բ磬ҲûҪˣϾʵҲܽˣ򲻹ڰҲܹߣҪɵڰ
ңһЩʱ䣬ܴܿﵽ磬ʱȻԼͺڰͥ
ƺеľɣڰЦ񣬿㻹֪Һ͹ʵһˣҵı֮ʱܵ˵͵ϮȻհˣȴ˱죬һΪꡣ
͹Եɴ۾𺳡
죬⼸̫СˣڣҲûгֹˣֻʷЩضѡ

ڰ˵ʱҲ֣꣬˼룬޷ٹһ壬Ǳƽֱ壬ѳˡ
һʼǾˮˮ˹紳ţż֣õһЩԼʵҲ˵
ڰ˵ͷ˵ֱǽ񾳽֮ǲŷ֣ǵȻˣ꣬ȻȱݣҪºϲһ𡣲ϲˣҲΣεǸ꣬ȻҲû˼롭
˭ʧǱ㶨ԼʤΡ̾ͷʧˡ
޷ΪǶ汾ԴԼģһΥԼ汾ԴԼִеģʵ޷汾Դ
ֻдﵽ׾磬棬汾Դ
ֻһССλѡ
ڰЦ˵Ȼ粻ǱģǱϾѾˣֲҵĶ֣Ӯˡ
ܸˡ
֮ǰűչأЩŭӦֻλ۷徳󣬶ʱ˷ܲѡ
类ɵ۹Ϣ͸˷ˡ
û뵽˿ǰ˹綼ˣ˸飬ѹоȻֹһֹ̾ҲЩľͺڰ˲ã죬ּС˵飬Ȼһ֮С
ң֪ˣһٴκϲ꣬츳ǰ˼ٱǧҲǻʼţԱصˡ
ֻϧڰǲˣעûʲô³
ȴڽΪū飬ֻһ֪ٺ٣а뵽
˹Щ飬һﵽλ񾳽磬ᱻǿץȥΪū
ʱֻҪ񻨵ңūˡ
ʼɣֻҪںˣͻƵλ񾳽磬ʲôɴۣʲô񣬶ǵĶ֣˹綼ҪǵĽ¡
ڰ˷ܵ˵
ˣСǸɴۣҺ֣ܲ򵥣ﵽλ񾳽磬ҲɱһҪСģҿɲ屻˷ˡߵ
İɣභô꣬ҵԸ㻹֪𣿶ңںֻ֮ռλļҲıһЩҵԸ񣬵ʱ򼯾˵ǻۣڻǿ󡣡ڰ˵
˵ͷ㳯źڰȥһڰķ򲨶֮£˿ʼں
һԵ۽磬ֱںϣǵһοһЩ׼ǿ߶ûῴ
ֻڰ͹ͬˮһ˴˳ײȻʼ໥͸ںϣһոµ壬漴ǰ
̫ˣ
֮ɫ
䣡Źڰһ壬һɸǿϢӺڰϱϯڰ֮ǡ
ɫʱһ䣬λǿϢ˹磬ǰֻһֳһڰˡ
ڵĺڰҲ֪ǲ֮ǰǸڰˡ
źڰһ˫ڵӣɵʵǼڰ֣
ȻҺڰڹЩ䣬ʱҸӡˣҪգļͲıҵԸ񡣺ߣҿɲ뱻ı䣬Ļһ粻ںϡڰЦ
ɵĬһͿأûʲôֱֻǳɾ˸ǿĺڰ
ʱĺڰΪﵽλ񾳽磬츳ǰǿˡ
˵Ҷ֮⣬˹磬츳ǿıλڰˡ
ȻˣǲǸȥԸɴˣ漴˵
ڰ˰֣漴һ˲Ƶ˲ԶһԱߣȻʯţ¶һƬڵĿռ䡣
ǵڵĵط
ȥ״ǳһĨЦݣȰ㻹Ǳ˷Ѿˣ˵Ÿոմﵽλ񾳽磬ﵽλԲ磬Ҳȥ
䣡ڰûĳеǰĿռ䷢˹
ֲĹǷ棬˺ѿռ䣬ء
ȻǰĿռ䣬ȴǼӲ˿һۼûг֡
ô᣿ڰͫһ𾪵ͬʱɫʱޱѿ
ͻλ񾳽ܹ֮оԼǿ౶ȻǿȴǰĿռ䶼Ʋһ˿һЩܵ
Цʵɣǿռ䷨򹹽ıݣ˿ռ䷨򣬻ﵽ׾磬档
׾磿ڰɻؿ
˵ڹż濴棬׾磬˹磬һλ˹λ׵硣磬ǵģﵽ׾֮ͻΪ硣
ʲôżƭڰġ
ڰȴˣ˵ͷ̾û뵽һֱ죬ô˵˹棬кܶ磬ʵǿöࣿ
û˹˹ѾˣǴﵽ׾磬һҲ뿪硣˵
ڰһ̾Ϣ˿ں˹ܹоԼ츳ǿȻҪȥһСС˹档
𣿡ڰĿгģ˫ȭ˵һ죬Ҳﵽ׾硣
츳ǣʵǿźڰҰҲøǿˡ


1254 ħʼ
źڰĻƲƲ죬֮ɫ
棬˹飬Ȧūˣﵽ׾磬ʱҲֻĽѡ
ȻὫ
ҵòıҲҪôƽıҪôһҲõıΣ
֪Լ޷ȥ֮󣬺ڰĿ⿴˵
΢΢һЦ˵ȻԣֻһĻôη֣
Ǿ͸㣬Ҫһ꣬ͳһ˹磬ҷԺ󲻵öҳ֡ڰ˵
㻹Ǵú⣬һҵõ˱ҲҪΪãߣߵ
һѣ˵һαչؾ͹ȥˣڵʵԶԸ㵽ʱֻҪæԸЩͨǿ߶ѣ˵ӦúסֻҪ˹Ҷ˵ˣʱһ˹硣ڰЦ
Ц˭Ҫ˹磿һζѣЩҲƽƽߣ⣬ȵһ֪֮ʲô硣
գҡͷ˵ҿ񣬱ϾǶ˵ҲֻǿͷԼԼ档
Լ棬ܹ㣿ڰЦ
üһһҿԴӦͳһ˹磬һȴԼ棬ҵĵߡңҰ֮ҲҪˣֺαںһꣿ
ڰüͷ˵Ҳԣ˹ĶֱҪǰˣҲĲ֣ôʵ˹磬ʱҲͲҪİˡ
£ڰ˵ͷ˵ãҴӦ㣬㷢İɡ
ʱģΰ汾Դļ֤£ֻҪڰ
ķģڤڤ֮һɺƥᴩʱռ䣬ڰС
û˿Էֻ֣еͺڰܹоõǶܹܵԼڲڤڤ֮бעһʧˡ
ǶԼѾγˣΥԼͻܵ汾ԴĨɱ
ˣҽȥˣͷһģԺڰ˵ͷ漴һؿǰδ֪ռ䡣
ȥɣҲ뿴浽ʲôڰҲЩ֮ɫ
ԼеĿռʼǰĿռȥҶһܹĿռҲޣҶĶֻܴ࣬һС϶Ȼ˲˽ȥ
ڰҲȥǺܿͱһռ䵲סˣ޷ȥ
ߣڰЩŭغһֻ˳ֻտռ䷨˲ܽȥ
뵽Ŀռ䷨򣬺ڰʲѣȻʶ񣬵Ҳ֪ռ䷨Ĳ
ԼҲԺԸҲࡣ

δ֪Ŀռ棬ӰȻ֣ͬҶȥռһĲö࣬ǳļӡ
ֻһɨȥѾĶˣûʲôֻвԶʯϰڷһ鼮ɢŵĹΣȻġ

ɫʱ
Ϊ˽棬˹˷ôʱ䣬ƻôãȻһջûС
ңҪİڰǿˣ
£һͳʯǰŭⱾ飬̽С
ף
һ̽ʱⱾǳ򵥣һһԽǿ
λ׵ϧǹ͵ҲǷ͵ôǺܴ󡣡
Щź˵
ⱾӦǸʱˣټϲʲԽ
һͨһһλ߾ˣҲкܴĻΪ
飬ʹǿԣһЩ屻ȾʱˣȻлΪ
ȻȻɾ͵ǹҲǷǵôС
ǰⱾ鼮ȻҲҲ൱ڶľŽȲҶеɫ
ô˵ܹõⱾ飬Ҳܶˣûаһˡ
Ž׵ҲֵһˡֻοԼ
漴ϸۿⱾһˡ
⾹Ȼһλ׵ħʼǣλףͽ˹ס
˹׵ħʼǣѵ˹ģͫ׶ʱһ
ÿһλħʦһԼħʼǣǵħĵãǶħһЩħйص֪ʶ
˵ħʦħʼǣҪƷֵǵҪ
ǶħʦԵġ
ɲħʦϵĳţⱾħʼǶ˵ûһô
ⶫҪħܻȡټֵȴûжټֵֵҰɣ
ҡҡͷⱾħʼ
ңҲ㲻Сջˣûæһ
£뿪ҡ
ôмȵڰʱ˹ȥʵ
ֻһ˵
ʲôڰʱЩźǺʵ
ΪԼƣԺڰҲƭ
һЩĵرˣλôǿˡҡҡͷûнǱħ鼮ߺڰ
ǱûãǶںڰ˵ȴǱҪı
Ȿħ鼮ڰȻܳΪףԳΪǿλãҲδزܳΪס
Ȼ˺ڰںڰûгΪū֮ǰⱾǲڰġ
ߣ
ڰһҲûǿ󣬶ó²󣬿õıȷû⣬ƽ࣬Щˬ
¡¡
ڴʱضȻ
ͺڰʱɫһ䡣
ô£ڰһֱ˲˳ȥ
ڰ֮ϿʱһҾ޴սȻգӿռѷ˳ڰ֮ǵϿա
ôս
ڰ𺳵ؿǰľ޴սսҲûôࡣ
ۣ
ͬʱͫһңɫЩѿ
ֻۣۣײõ
ȻһЩǿλҲӵС
ϵţҲûʸӵһۡ
һۣǰһֵۣʮҡ
ȻҶôҲͼʮѣ蹺ƷҲʣ¼Ҷѣòۡ
û뵽Ȼһۣ
ʵؿǰǸɳꡪҶ졣


1255 ս
ҶΪ˵õ˹׵ĵԼ۶óˣһɵ۹飬ֱӴռ˺ڰ֮ǡ
ڣڰĴȻ磬Ǹϲ
һΣڰذɡ
ֻҶ첻֪ѾǸռ䣬ıѾõˣվһ
ȻҶ컹֪Щ˿ȻŮʯǣ˳ȻЩɵ۹һӽڰ֮ǶΧˡ
ڰ
ͻȻҶߵȻŮصضŶеĸߴĺӡ
ҲߵǸˡ
ʵȻŮ˵ҶҲµ˾ǺڰˣϾ˵Ϊ̫ǿˣѾﵽλ񾳽硣
û뵽ûͻƣڰȴͻˡ
Ҷ˵
ڰͻƣЩ⡣
һԵȻŮʯҲ˺ڰľ磬ʱһһ˵֮ɫ
λǺ൱ľ簡ȫûз֮
ֻҪԸˣڰҡƺʯǵĵǣҶ쵭˵
ҶĻټҶһ򶨣ȻŮʯǶʱ˿ȻҶʵҶ򶨣ʱ϶аյסڰ
İɣôˣԸһ㹻ˡʯ֤
СǲҪƴֻҪסɣ㱻ҲûϵҶ˵
ͬͬ˿ռ䷨ȻĲ֪ʯǲĶ֡
ʯȻҶЩ̫ˣҲ˵ͷ
սǾɶˣΪڰĴȻ磬ڸϲ
Щغڰ֮ǵĺڰ̫ˣҲ࣬Ҷ˵Ķ֡
Ƭ֮䣬ڰ֮Ǿͱɵ۹Ĵˡ
ͬʱʯ񡢿ȻŮ񡢷񡢺³˹ǣҲΧ
ЩˣһЦŲԶڰԳֵҶ˵ɣ˼ǸռıѾȡˣǰһˡ
Ȼ֪ҶôŸ˵أϧ۵ĿģҪһҶ졣
ȻҶԣʱɫˡ
ȻĻˣȲ˵޷񣬶Ҳܶ֡
ҶϾˣܿɨһۣߵˣ
˵գֱӹڰ
ȻûˣҶҪսȻʥǣϾ˹磬Ѿûļֵˡ
ڴڰҶɱҲҪشһߵֵʯǵĹһ߹עҶߵս
ɵӣȻŮ־ŭĲ˼顣
һôôǿһ
ⲻܣս㲻ôǿʵŭ
ƳһۣЦ㻹Ϊս˹ĵһǰǼֱһЦ
䣬Ӱ˿ռ֮Уһ̣Ѿڿǰ
ǧնһ˫֮гնЯſֲǰƺƵȥ˶ûˡ
Сġʯһæٻʯ䣬ڿǰ
ȻЩն̫ˣӲʯɳȥ涼һĿĵѷ졣
ۣ
һѪȻ˵òᡣ
г𾪺Ͳš
ǻû뵽ŹȥãȻѾǿˣӽˡ
ǿ֪ܸģԭҪѹ˹ıҪ͵
һ
Ǿˡ
˵൱ôʵϹˡ
𷢴ˣһϣ˵ĹȻûһﲻ򵥣ǶˡʯһٱʵȻŮһΧ
ս
Ҳȫο״̬Χ֮С
񡢺³˹һ㣬ҲΧΧ
ߣȺ׳գҲеʵ
ߵ
˵Χ֮£ڸܵһ˿ѹϾʯȻŮͿѾλ۷ʵ
ҲλڵʵôһΧȻܵѹˡ
ʵʵûжǿҲֻǰò̤λ񾳽磬ڳڡ
ң츳Ҷô̬ȻҲûҶֿԽܶ༶ǿս
ܹ񣬶ǿĿռ䷨򣬵ǿռ䷨ڣûжİ԰ͷ
ⲻǿռ䷨УΪںҶһֻһռ䷨Ƥëѡ
ռ䷨һ򣬲ôģֻЩﵽ״Բǿߣſʼоռ䷨
Ѱף޷ռ䷨
ͺһСõԭӵһȻԭӵǳǿ󣬵Сӹᶼ᲻ʹãôǿʵ
˵ģסˣҪƴʯȻŮǴ
˶˵ͷǼʶʵȻҲ֪Լ޷סԶֻס
ҲúƴϾЩֵһᣬֻ뿴Ҷͺڰս
ڰﵽλ񾳽֮ʵ˷츲صĴ仯ûߵʯˣֱʩչһ䣬˲һؽҶ档
䣡
Ҷܿ촩սףֳѪһƿ
ǿײʹضһ𣬷
εĳ˷ϯȥضڶ
е㱾£ߣڰ΢΢һҶ죬һ˿֮ɫ
ղֻһ̽ѣϾûмҶ죬Ժܺ˹ʲôʱҶһǿߣ˹
һ֮̽󣬺ڰȷܵòԩˣҶȷʵ
ǣԶˡ
ڰû뵽㾹Ȼ̤λ񾳽磬ԺȼˡҶ˵
ڰͻƣ֮⣬Ҳ£Ͼɫ
ңҶҸԼսڰһðӡ
񣿺ߣҽǣҲҪҵĽ¡ڰȻ˵
λ񾳽磬ټں˹޵а
ռҶһźڰһ˲䷢˹ϵӡ¶ɢһɺƥĿֲ⣬ض𶯡
Զ֮ɫ
ɵ⡭ͫһʯǲͬҲȻҶɵĿ¡
ͬľ磬Ӳסһг𾪺ͼʣҶ츳лҪ£ΨһƱǿռ䷨򣬵һ㣬ҶҲӵУܴ
֮䣬Ȼʱȵ
ܲġ


1256 Դͼ
βģҶһ˳ȥǿֲĵâγɺڰֻأض棬ڰﵽλ񾳽磬Ҳ޷ѡ
ڰҲûҪѣϾľưҶһǳǿҲû˿η塣
漴ڰ͵رȣڰʮն
ƥĺڰ֮˿˿ѷ죬ͬһ鿪
ǻ綯֮䣬һɿֲӺڰϱϯ˹硣
һ̣е飬ܵɿµϢ
䣡
ҶǿֲһһڰʮնסˣǿӲݻƬռء
Զսʯ˶ò˿
ǿĳЯŻص;һжݻˡ
ڰ֮еһЩΪҵ𶯶ˣЩεض𣬷գȻ˻ҳ
ֲϢ˹硣
һӾվ𾪺Ͳŵؿźڰķ򣺡λϢλսĲ˹Ȼλ񼶱ǿߣ

ҲǰòͻƵλ񾳽磬ѾԼȻǸ˹ĵһǿߣǴӸղŵѾ˲֮ˡ
ûз룬æ뿪磬źڰķȥ
ͬʱ˹ҲܵǿĲ𾪵ͬʱ˾ηǿɲһȥڰ̽顣
ңҲµó˭
ϾһǺڰϢ˭֪һǲ²ɵ۹ɴۡ
Ҳֻλصɴۣӵǿʵ
ڰ֮ǣ
λҪǿ󣬸ղһҾҪˡڵѪȣҶĿҵضŶĺڰ
ղŵĶƴʵˣϾΪ̫ˡ
ǺڰĹҲ˺ܶ࣬ʣĲ֣޷Ҷǿ塣
ϾҶ壬ڿλ壬Ⱥڰһ㶼
㵽˭Ϊֻλ񾳽磬ΪοԷӳôǿڰ˿𾪵ؿҶ졣
һ̽ؿҶΪ뾳磬𾪣־塣
λҪǻλ֮䶼ɱ
ҶλδҲ̫ǿ˰ɡ
츳˹磬˭Աȼ磿
ڰ֪Ҷ츳򣬶ܹȼ磬ϾҶǿԼʵ񣬶ռ䷨ϰġ
Ҫ֪𣿵˵ɣҶһЦźڰȥʵڰܽӽĥԼսôõİӣȻ
һⳡ棬ʱʯǾȫʯ֮󣬱ΧȦѸ뿪˴˵ء
Ǻε۹⣬һӾͿҶͺڰƾУڰռϷ磬Ҷ컹пռ䷨
ԣ˵һڰˣټһڰҲ޷Ҷ죬޷˵Ҷ졣
Ȼˣڴ˵ظʲôűҶЦ
ɣߣһȥ֮ٲǳ˭Ļʱ֪ݣҵҪǺηʥ
񰵰뵽
֮ǰҶķԸʯ˶û׷ߵǴ˿ȫעؿҶڰս
Ҷһα¶ǿսʯ𾪲ѣû뵽Ҷʵôǿ
漴˷ôǿɴۣԺҲˡ
ţ˹ֳλ𣿡ʱ˹֮⣬һã쳹գ漴һϵӰ˹Աߡ
ػףһӾͷ˴ˣɵЦ˵Դϵܣôˣ
Դͼͬһλףʵף˹صġ
ԭɴ磬ʲôԴͼҲɣʱ
Ц˵ǵһսĵһ𣿡
Ҷ죡Դͼ׶ʱЦˣλ켶ţһŷ۾ĵӣŷ۾ǺܶԪûͽˣͽν˶֪ˣô֪ܲ
ҾҶĻʱϱҶ졣˵
ͣԴͼЦЦ˵ɴ磬ҿһ͵ģȲ˵ϵţڰλڱŷ۾ĵӣŷ۾᲻ŷ۾Ǽ֮Уһλڰб
ǺǣҲãҲɺܶ࣬һСһˣҿɳܲסŷ۾ŭ𡣡ײЦЦ
ţСһҲȷֵŷ۾أԴͼʱ˻֣֮Уʱ˺ڰ֮ǵһĻ
ʱҶͺڰսѾе˰Ȼ÷ǳҡ
׼״ɵ𾪵СӵսôͻȻ̶ֳȣ
Ҽǵƺڽ˹֮ǰݵʮɣѾǳ䶯ˡǿڵѾﵽ˵ʮˣɴ㣬ҲǰòŴʮɡԴͼ𾪵˵
׿Цص˵ͷǰսԽÿһνѣСӲŽ˹һǧ꣬Ȼͽô࣬ѹŷ۾˿Ԫ֮Ҫһˡ
Դӵ츳ټŷ۾ָԪʱȻԳΪףԪ֮ڣܴﵽλ׾磬ʮԪ֮ԴͼĽ˵
ĽˣСģʵŶˣһΪλ񣬰չ涨ǲӦýץˡָĺڰжڰйս
Ҫʵʵض棬׺Դͼ׻ȥ̽飬֪˺ڰ֮ǹսȻӲ׺Դͼ׵۾
񻹲֪ʱѾ׶סˡ
ȿҶСһĥսҪǳִϣСһ²ˬǺǣԴͼ˵
ԣʱһ㶣漴Цŵ˵ͷ˵㿴ˣСӵȷĥԼսóȻλĥսҲ츳ս
⵽ʲôȻ˿£ֵ⣬Ҳֻŷ۾ļͽϸܵζҲֻŷ۾ӵСԴͼ޵
Ҳϸս˵ͷ˼ŷ۾ų浶ǿ֮ˣĵȻǳ¡ֻ𾪵ǣСӲŰʦһ꣬ȻѾ˵ز츳̫ˡ
츳µĻŷ۾ͽɣСӵѾǼˣĿǰǲܻλġԴͼ˵
׵˵ͷ


1257 뿪
ޡ
ҶڵȷѾ˼ޣϾľ̫ˣܹڰӣѾ˲ˣҲûмõ
ҶԼҲԣһεסڰĹ֮óɫ
䣡
λ׵Ҷע֮£͵رҵĹâҫ۵ԣе̫ȥ޾Ĺâ档
ͬʱɫеһ˿˿ѹҲ֮ɢΧˣеһ˵궼ڲ
ȻҶ첻ףϾмһЩ׵ѹȻ٣СЩͼ˵ȴǿĿ¡
ʲô
ڰ𾪵ĵˣȻضҶеɫħȨȡ
ǿħȨȣԶʯȻŮҲһޱȣ𺳡
˹֮⣬Դͼ׺ҲȲѡ
Ӧ˹ħȨȣ԰ɣ׿Դͼף˵
Դͼ׵˵ͷ˵˹ǼһħȨȣǰûҵû뵽СõСӵ˻ǲСﰡ
ϧ˲ʺʹħȨȣҶҲȡңҪһѵ˵
ԴͼЦ˵ŷ۾ڣѵȱѵʦʱŷ۾϶͸һѵġ
ʦչ˾ǱǶҪãЦŵ˵ͷ
Ŀڰ֮ǣҶֱӰɫ󵱳ɵŶĺڰȥǰƣſֲĵ⣬Щײ࣬ȴǷǳֲ
ۣ
ڰӲ֮£˶ɳȥǿ嶼ѷ죬ǿµֺͲš
ʲôħȨȣôôǿ󣿡ڰгʡ
ڰйսҲɺ𺳡
ȻȺڰȲλ񾳽磬ҲȺڰǿ٣ҶڿһܺڰͬҲԻ
ǳɥΪΪ˹һǿߵѾĵһǿˡ
ԣһﲻ˹ˡͻȻͫһ
ҶӰͻȻҶսʽɱһЩƣⲻ˹顣
Щߣ
񾪺
ûκεԥת׼뿪˵ء
ȻȴҲ޷һǿѹ٣ʹӶԭء
Ӧǵ걻˹ĺǺǣԴͼ׵
漴㱻ԴͼսԼ磬һ˫ɴ۾˾Ȼ
һҲץɡףһԵĿռѿ׵Ӱ
ָŲԶĺڰͻȻ֮䣬ͫ͵һ
һԵԴͼƺҲʲôȺͲš
ֻʱĺڰҶĹ֮£Ѿ֧ˣͻȻ֮䣬ֱԼĺڰΪһ壬ֽȻͬȻסҶɫ
ô
ҶʱҲ𺳡
ڰͷֽȻ෴Ȼڰںϵһ𣬶һ˵ϣȫûһ˿ų⡣
ֱ˼飡
죡
׺Դͼ׼ͬʱڡ
Ϊ׵ǣ۹ǺεȵĶ˲֪˺ڰһš
û뵽˹ȻһţһҪǳΪףʵ׾̾
ϧڣı졣Դͼ˵
ԶڰڻҶ֮͵رԴ
֮ǰѹļӡ޷ضù򣬵ڱҶƵ֮󣬺ڰͲòѡɼ䡣
ļ䣬Ȼúڰõ˸ǿͬʱҲõڹǹԴԴļ䡣
һ˲䣬һм䣬ȫһԵس˺ڰ˼֮С
ڰ˼һӾͱˣ˵ļ˼룬֮вϵײӲںϵһһµ˼롣
ڵѾǺڰҲǹһȫµˡ
ںȫ֮ûҶ֣׺Դͼױˣӡӽ֮С
Ҷ쿴ͻȻֵλףʱһ㶡
Ҷ죬һѾﵽλ񾳽磬չ涨ūӪˡԴͼ˵
ǰǣҶɻؿԴͼס
һԵ׽ܵҶ죬λԴͼףҲ˹Ŀߡ
ҶʱȻ漴æݼ
Ǻǣö񣡡ԴͼЦŰ˰֣˵Ҷ츳͵ŷ۾ĵӣݶײ
Ҷ˿̻ɻڰ飬ɵʵɴ磬ղǼһôˣͻȻ֮䱬ǿ
ߣ˺ϡٵġҶ
Ҷ֮󣬶ʱ뵽˹жʱȻ
˹磬ȻˣȤ
ˣҶ죬ӦѾˣǲǸһ뿪Դͼ˵
Ҷ쿴һ۲Զŵɫ԰׵ʯȻŮˣ˵һЩûн
˵գʯǷ˹ȥ
Դͼ׺ֱ뿪˹硣
ˡ
̫ǿˣڰȫûз֮ȫһȼġ
ֺʶ
ūӪ
ȻŮͿǣ˿Ѿŵɫ԰ˣԴͼչֳΰԼɢһƣ
ֻʯ˭г˾֡
ȻֻҪﵽλ񾳽磬ҪץߡʯоֵͬʱҲڰԴ⣬ԺԼԲܽλ񾳽硣
ͬʱҲΪʲôǰô͵ˣֲͺڰǺ±ץߡ
ϧʯ֪Ӳһ١
λЩ޷ǽͣԺѯʯǵġʱҶѾ˹˵
ȻŮͿǿҶĿЩ;η
Ҷ쳯ʯ˵ͷ˵һҸ棬򲻵ѣԺҪλ񾳽硣һ죬ǺͺڰһҲղλǰˣǵñҵţ֪ͨҡ
ʯԶʱϲæͷл֡
ǺǣղλĸߴǰŽɡҵʵҶ죬³˹߰ɣҶЦŰ˰֣ʯһ㶡
³˹æ˹ҶսԼ֮С
ҶٴοһԼ˽ǧ˹磬ۣ뿪˹硣
˹ûû˹û˺ڰҲûɴۡ
ʣµ֮УҲʯȻŮ񡢿ǿǲûжȥȻŽԭȵĹ֮Уɵ۹Ϊ˹ǿһ


1258 ڰ֮
ټˣ˹磡
嫵İ⣬Ҷͷ˹磬ɵ̾
ǧ£գۼеľȴǳΪһ֡
Ҫǣõ˷ǳ޴ĺôʵࡣ
Ҷ죬ˣЦ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴׵磬ʥǵķŲƶȥ
һλصʥǣǰΰ׳۵֮ǣҶ黹̲ס𺳡
ȣ˹磬ǼֱǷ˵硣
ûȥݵҶֱǰŷ۾ɽ壬Ͼŷ۾ĵӣ˵ȻҪʦк
ݵʥǸҪҶ죬ֵС
޳а֮һôˣҶһ߳ɽȥһߴΪ˹ԭ޷ʹġ
޳а֮ӵҲȥȥˣǴҶ촳˹绹ҪһΡ
ⲻҶ췢˼ѶϢûǻظ
£ҶԼӺͼ˷ȥһЩϢϷ硢ֻǡ
еļʱظˣеڱչأûлظ
Ҷѽ֮Ѿŷ۾ڵɽ壬ɽǹϤӴϢҶһξ̾
Ӱݼʦ𣡡
ɽҶǰΰĴڣһ
ֻվŷ۾ǰܹܵŷ۾ΰ嫣ŵĿ꣬۷ڡ
ͽٶȵǺܿ죬ͬȺСӣǵڻûгŷ۾
Ҷ첻ؿŷ۾Ŀ⣬ֻڵӳǺӺռ䶼޷ĥʵ̫ˡ
Ҷֻǿһۣæͷٶ࿴ԼǣȥӶ޷԰Ρ
ʦ𣬵ջ񲻴Ѿ˵ʮʯˡҶ漴˵
ŷ۾ȴûжٸˣֻǵ˵Ҵϸ֮ܵĵϢ֮ģܹʮʯҲ
ҶԶʱЩй
ĳɼڱѾ˲ˣŷ۾ȴһ㡣
֮ȻԼٰսҲ޶ȵģʯѣ˵֮ˡõλ׵֮ģҲֻܰʮʯѡ󣬾ֻԼġ
ҪסһУʼԻ󡣡
ŷ۾˵
ҶæͷȻ֪ŷ۾˵ĺܶԣϾֻǿһʱ󻹵Լ
ţܹռϵӡΪʦԷǳᶨԷŻռѺڰ򾡿ϾսܹλˣǷȴ̫ˡ
ŷ۾˵
ʦλӱ׼ȫȡλ񾳽硣Ҷʱ˵
ǵʮĿʯڿŶΣȫڵľԲġ
ԣҶҲֻѡڰ򣬾ԼΪ뾳ˡ
ţ˵һ㡣ȥۿЩ״ԲǿߣңȡһЩԲõı׬ȡ˲ҡŷ۾˵
ǣҶʱЦˣһңټǰɫҲܹһʮҡ
Щң㹻һٱˡ
УĻǾûбҪȡǿﵽλ񾳽磬뿪ȥʱΪʦΪ׼һλսסŷ۾˵
лʦ𣡡Ҷʱϲɫ
λһһףʺõԱɫǿ̫ˡ
ʱҶ֪һλǿߵĺôˡ
һλЩλףó͸Լӡ
Ҳֻ״Բϵǿߣӵ
һλǿǼֵңǿߣҲ޷һλֵ֪ˡ
£Ҷ׼ʹѪսףʱùǿˡ
ŷ۾֮Ҷȥɫˣһλټֵ߰ʮңΪħ˸޷ʹãֻоһ£ȻͰֽ⵱ʹá
ԣ۸ȻҲͼࡣ
ҶֻõʮңҶ첻̾ʵ̫ˡ
ʮңѾһ˲õĲƸˣһЩλҲӵôӴĲƸ
˵Ҷλˡ
ټԼԭʣµңҶһʮҡ
ҸöһʲôصԼסĵطҶʼԲڰаı
Ϊϵţŷ۾ĵӣڵȨ޺ܸߣ൱λ׵ȨޣԿԿ˿
Ҷ֮£һϵеıǰۻҡ
һңҶ췢һļ۸񣬶ʱĿɿڴæ
ò˵̫ˣ̫ԲڰаıǼ۸Ҳǳˡ
Ҷ첻ò趨һ¼۸۸ʮµıôһ嵥еıʱָ࣬
ɴ˿ɼЩԲڰаı۸ǳֲ
ۿ״ԲǿһΣڰЧʰոԵ츳۸񡪡һһΡ
Ѫ֮֮ɴĺڰɣʹ֮󣬰֮ڣڰЧһٱ֮Ϊʮǧ֮ΪʮЧһ꣬۸񡪡ҡ
ڰ֮ģڰϵʧܣ֮Ƭɣ֮󣬲ڰЧλϵǿЧ۸񡪡ʮҡ

Ҷһһۿ汦Ϣ
Ҷѡڰ֮ġ
öȻֻǿЧǿԳʹãҵλ񾳽綼һֱʹãõλ񾳽硣
Ҷڰ֮ķǳ⡣
ѪȻЧʺܴ󣬵ֻάһ꣬һ꣬ƺܳǶ˵ȴǷǳݡ
Ҫ֪һҶ֮һαչأȥһ꣬ȴûн١
ԣҪķѺܳʱġ
һ꣬һٱЧʣҲá
Ҷ컹Ǿúڰ֮ĺõ㣬ⶫԳʹãҾԺԼλ񾳽磬Խ߸Լʹá
û˿ԥҶѡ˺ڰ֮ģȻ˿
ĴһӴʮңٵҡ
ҶЩۡ
ڰ֮ıԱʱҶʱЦݡ
ڰ֮ıʦƳһҶֱӴڲϣܹоΧĺڰһࡣ
ʣµţҵλ۷ʱٻһۿһ״Բǿߣкܴͻƴλڡ
Ҷ찵뵽


1259 չ
𣬲һ˲飬Ͼ̫ӴˣҪˣҲһ̡
һ˵ûⷢĹ̻һꡣ
һ꣬ڱ˵ֻһգ۵飬û¡
ǶЩλԲǿ˵ȴҪһ˵Ǿ˵Ҫʱ̡
Ϊһ֮ڣЩλԲǿ߻׾磬ûгɹǾͻһҲᱻ汾ԴգΪһӣĻᶼûС
ȻɹˣǾͳΪף硣
ʱͿԪȥˣȻڣΪ۷һԱ
һ׾ĹУЩʧܵˣʧܵĳ̶Ҳǲһġ
˸տʼʧˣ˳嵽һʧˣҲ˵ͷȴΪʧʧˣָ
Щ嵽ͷʧܵˣѾ磬ȴ޷ȶԸոɵ磬Ҳǵʧܶ
ЩƬͱһЩռⶫļƷϣһҪôڰְ֮˲ĺñ
Ҷĺڰ֮ģһλڰϵλԲǿߣų׾ͷʧܣƬʦƳɺڰ֮ġ
ǹϵλԲǿߣôƬͿԱƳɹ֮ģ԰ϵ
⻹н֮ġľ֮ġˮ֮ġ֮ġ֮ĵȵȡ
ŬλԲ磬ͷǳΪȥԼϵĺڰ֮ģҶ첻̾˿
˵ÿһλԲ񣬶ֵþģÿ˵һдһʵС˵
濴Ȼʧߡ
ΪףûҶţһʧܣͻһԪȥûڼǵ
ԶܳΪʤߣŲϣ
ŷ۾ǼӣѾΪףڻм֪ǣ
ȥվȥ
ֻŷ۾ڣվ۷壬ŻһֱԪȥȻǰһΰĸ߷塣
Ҷ첻ΪʧߣҪΪŷ۾ǳԽŷ۾ΰڡ
һɹģ
Ҷս˫ȭȻźڰ֮ģʼչزڰ
ںڰ֮ĵİ£Ч
Ҫ֪Ҷ챾츳ͷǳټϺڰ֮ĵİǲڰٶȣʱǡ
ںڰӴķ֮УҶǵٶȣ޷ʲô˻
վҪӴʱۡ
һõһˮһʮΣһʮΣһǡ
֮Ҷڷռʼȫڰʱţ˶ںڰĺ֮С
һꡭꡭꡭ
ҶչһˣͱҶ컹Ǻ̡ܶ
һЩһαչأǺüꡣ
û취̫»ɬˣңԽǸ߼ķԽͲ
ڰ򣬿ǹߴ֮һܣǧٸļҪö࣬ԲҲ࣬Ҫ츳ʱ䡣
Ҷˣ츳;һȱкڰֱ֮Ҳʱˡ
ٲ˵ġ
ŷ۾ΰĴڣһֱڣҪʱڲ
ϵҲҪ
Ȼǲķ͸Ӹ߼ˣһͶ
ֵһǣҶչ֮а֮ӡس硢ķܹעţȴ̴֮йˡ
Ȼôջ񣬷ĻҲֹˡ
س磬һŵܵǰѯʿһףǰҶʱٴ𣿡
ǺǣҶܾˣһֱڱչأûݡһǺЦȻЩСһ֮ʱҲŵͨϾţһǿʤ
سüͷ뿴Ҷʱ˶٣ȻԼٴһݣԼҶĲ˶٣û뵽ҶȻ˽
س翴Ҷڲ˽
Ȳ˵ϴδݣҶûȫ֣ιȥ˼꣬Ҷûһ
سȻЩҶ죬Ҳǳ϶Ҷ츳ȥ˼꣬ҶûеõҲӦнŶԡ
س磬ҶʲôѵһٳԽʱһϤӺ󷽴
а֮ӡ
˵Ҳɣسʱġ
а֮ǰĬԣʥǣʶ̫̫֮ԸҲָһ˿ǰôĮˡ
ʵνԸûж֡
ŷ۾ǣҲֻǺʥ£ףһЩߣҲԵù°ˡ
ǰа֮ӱˣڣŶţëǿŶкܶ࣬Ҳûֹ°ˡ
а֮ӣ
سͷа֮ӣ˵ʶѣǷԽǵȷҵĿ꣬Ҷ죬ҪԽˡ
ȳԽҶ˵ɣа֮һ
Ҷ죬ǰس磬ߵġ
Ҷа֮Ӷ˽һЩ֪ҶռֲֿĵټҶĿֲ츳а֮ӾţҲ֪ԼҪԽҶѡ
ңҶа֮ӵѣа֮ҲܼҶ죬ЩĽˡ
Ƕس磬а֮ӾͰɾĶˣ˵츳࣬ɾҲ࣬ʵҲ࣬Ȼˡ
ߣǿ㣡سߵ
ǾԿϴǶ˵ھŲ㣬ο˭ȴʮ㣬𣿡а֮Ц
㲻ɣسȻ˵
һЦеؿǰһĻֵÿЩСһﾺԽԽãܴ̼˴ˣǿĴڡ
ϧҶǸСһһͱչˣСϴξʸʮһ㣬Ҳ֪ﵽʲôزˣǺ氡
һЩź뵽
Ϊ켶ţټŷ۾ͽҶȫԪĩڣڴš
Ϊŷ۾ĹϵעҶУࡣ
ǰ鷳ͬʱʮ㡣ʱس繧˵
а֮Ҳ˵ͷ
ãϷҲ뿴⼸ȥˣСӾ˶١˵գһа֮Ӻسһ͵ݵʮ㡣
ݣһӦ龳磬Ӧ񾳽磬ŲӦ񾳽硣
ʮ㣬ǿ׾ˣȻֻǶӦλ׾磬Ҳһ޴Ĺؿ
ԣϴҶͨʮ㣬Żôĺ䶯뾪̾
ϣСһͨʮ㣬׿ˡķơ޳СӣټһҶ죬û뵽ԪĩڣȻô˲õš
һ̾ͬʱҲһ˿ź


1260 ˫ʮ
һźΪѾǵ˼ԪĩڣЩŵʱ䲻ˡ
Ҫ֪һԪûгΪף棬¸Ԫô׵Ļ͸ãˡ
ԭ츳ܸߣһϵһԪҲǷǳġ
еԭҪ˵
磬ҲԱΪѡһЩȦ棬ǳΪСߡ
˼ǳƣ⣬Сߡ
֮Ը߼ӸС֣Ϊиǿĳߡ
ǱǳԽ𾳽ǿߣǲԽ棬ĳߡ
ò£ȦӱߵȦӡ
ֻǿ԰ƣ֮Ļ֮дǻûгԽ档
ЩԽǿߣĳߣΪܻһ档
Ȼ⳶ЩԶˡ
֮е飬ĺӣġ
棬ΪףҲܴĻᣬΪ׵ʱ򣬻ܴĽ硣
Ҫ֪ûĽƾԼ츳ٸߣҲ硣
ԪûаճΪףӶ֮У¸ԪȻס
ǺܱǸĻСˡ
Ϊ¼Ԫ棬ѾûʲôϵˣѾĸˣ˵ֻһߡ
˵ֻǼеһӶѡ
Լӣûôˣ㣬㣬ǲܵġ
кܴĹײС
ԣһЩţֻҪһգϵ¸Ԫٳ׾磬Ϊּ̫Сˡ
ԪʷУֻһ˳ɹֲֿļʣѾ˵Ǿˡ
һǶԴźҶ졢سЩţԪĳڣڵôƾӴʱۣԿԳɾס
ԪںڵһЩţڶѾﵽλԲ磬еĶѾ۵˼ޣֻҪȵһ̣ʱܳ׾ˡ
ҶǻҪ򣬻֪ʲôʱܴﵽλԲ硣
˵ҪԴ׾ˡ
ǻĺô
һ˵ڼԪĩڵţ츳ǺܸߵĻѾû˳׵Ļˡ
ãԪٶ꣬һ𰵰뵽
һڵţǲľ
Ҫ֪ԽԽѣţҪλԲ磬Ҳһꡣ
ܹһ֮λԲţΪָֹ
ңһλԲ磬㻹ʲôʱأ
˵ֻʣһʱ䣬Ǳ׾ˡ
ãҶھ𣬻ٶʱ䣬ȻţҲûо
٣Ҷȼ˵кܴϣ
ţа֮ӾȻͨ˵ʮ㡣
ڴʱһüͷ΢΢һЩȵؿݵķ
ֻа֮Ѿͨ˵ʮ㣬ŵʮһ̤ȥ
˲ðа֮ӵսʱһ㣬û뵽ʥ֮󣬾Ȼô죬س綼Խˡ
һɵ̾
һսҶɧȻس硢׿˺ķ޵мţа֮Ӻͽ޳ǻûʲô
ֱʥһ󣬽޳а֮˫˫ݵھŲ㣬Žһܵ
ڿа֮һγԽس磬һãа֮Ӻͽ޳һֺڱͣţɾ͸
ڴ⼸СһҪǳΪף¶ᳬԽҡһ𰵰뵽ҲֻһλףҪٽƻмԪĻ۲С
û취׾֮Ҫٽһͷǳˡ
ߣ
ͻȻϵа֮ƺһ
һһУͽа֮ӴԼǰ
̫ǿˣҺʮһĲ̫ˡа֮ҡҡͷЦ
ʮһŲãͱˣȫѹԵĻܣû˵һë
һ΢Ц˵а֮ӣѾܲˣҪ֪׾統Уÿһ㣬ͷǳܹͨʮ㣬ս뵽׾磬Ѿǳ˲ˡ
ǿţܹ񾳽磬ӵбȼ׵սʵеš
ǰλףܹݶٲ㣿а֮ͻȻʵ
һԣʱһ㶣漴֮ɫɵЦСӣǴĽϷĶ𣿲Ϸ츳ǱȲ㣬С𣿺ߣ
а֮ͷڨڨǰֻǺѡ
һȻϾ˼Ԫа֮ǾһСӣ˭һС
Ϸڵľλ׺ڣϷҲֻǴ˵ʮ㣬ڵʮ㣬ϷҲֲܹʱ䣬λ׵УҲǲˡһ˵һ죬ǸԼ𣬱Ͼܲǰ
ո˵꣬а֮ӱ㾪ʮ㣿
СӣϷֲϵţΪҲǿܸЩȡһЩ߳ŭˡ
а֮æ
һ˵ݵĵʮʮ㣬Ӧıλףһܹλ׾ʱﵽϸˣȻЩСһﲻ㣬񾳽ԽߣԺΪ֮Խ
˵֮һֿа֮ӣȻսϾֻսĿǰҪĻǲ򣬱Ͼǵʱ䲻ˣҪ֮ǰûгΪףսٸߣҲ·һ
ǰ˵Ĳλ֮ʦѾ˵ˣ˼˵ͨݵʮ֮󣬾ûҪоսˣҪѾʱŵȥϾԺΪףеʱսа֮ӵ˵ͷ˵
ʦΤΪλ״ԲĳǿߣȻ᷸СѾϵа֮˵ˡ
ţΤ˵Ĳ²֪ĺҶһͱչˣûдݣչ˼꣬¾ڲս治ڷ棬Ҳ˦Զˡһ˵
ʲôҶѾչ˼ꣿôܣѵûȥ磿ڴʱһϤ
а֮תͷȥسˡ
سҲͨ˵ʮ㣬а֮һ˵ʮһ㡣
а֮ͨ˵ʮ㣬а֮ӵʵسǿһЩ
س磬ˡа֮Ц
սʱس޵мţǿĶӽҡ
ڣȴԽˣȻˬ
෴سɫЩѿˣǰûа֮ӵɶ֣û뵽ȴа֮ӸԽˡ
سԽԽ


1261 
ߣҲֻǱȳѣδرǿ٣ݱȵֻսսδҵĶ֡
س˵
ɲԸа֮ǰͷǶ˵һ衣
ҪҪһǱ˴˵սа֮Ŀңս˵Ϊݴ½ţսűܵս⡣
Ҳݴ½ʢеԵʡ
㲻ɣسȻʾһƱ
ǿϢ˲ײһΧĿռ
һ˻֣ͽǵѹȥ
츳ٸΣ
׼ĳǿǰǻֻӡ
ǰа֮ɻؿһ
һЦ˵ǲҪżй涨ÿһ궼һڲȣʱϵţб䣬ȻոԵĳɼٴλǵĵȼ
ǵʱɼ룬ܱܿȥңʱȻǽʱھͲҪ˷ʱ䣬ȥúòڷˣսٸߣҲȲ˼ҡ
а֮Ե˵ͷسҲûмʵǰղ˵ҶѾչ˼꣬ѵûнһֱʥǱչز򣿡
ߣҶһˣƭҵġа֮ߵ
ôôͳˣسЩŵ˵
зǳΣգҪñǾ͸Ҫʱˣа֮Ӷ˼һЩջ
׿˺ķơ޳ǣڻûгҶôôͳˡ
а֮˵ĲҶȷ磬򵥵磬˹磬ֻ˽ǧˣȻһֱչز򡣡һ˵
˹磿
سһ㶣漴ƣԭǸ磬λ񼶱ǿ߶ûУıѾſˣ϶ûʲôջҽЩѶȺܸߵ磬һֱʥǱչˡ
ʶҶô꣬ûң㳬Խ˵ɡа֮ߵ
سЦҲֻǴ˵ʮ㣬Ҳ˵ʮ㣬һĵȼ̸γԽ
Լסа֮ߵ
Ҷ˶ģسҲֻӲѡ
ߣȵһڲȣһġسһһһ񣬱תʧˡ
ǰҲˡа֮Ҳһһתȥ
سǱҶа֮һЩϧһǵıӰ뵽
ҲسǱҶа֮ӽӶĴӶʹԼ޵֮һ˿覴á
ȻسּţһЩʱĥָġ
һҲġ
ңسʦҲһλ˲õǿߣȻسġ
ڴһڲȣٺ٣һЦ
һڲȣҶ졢سһսţһսš
һսţȻ츳ȲҶ졢سǣǱϾʥǵʱܾˣڷƺܴ
ϣһսţ󲿷ֶﵽλڣеﵽλ۷壬еĽλ񾳽磬Ѿ뿪ʥǡ
񽯻֮һ
Щİ˹֮һֱ֣ǡ
˵ҶǾӡˣϾһһ˿ռ䷨
ʱԼĸ֮ۡУ棬ҶϢ
һսĵһ켶ţû뵽һ츳ôߣҾȻʦŷ۾
ҶһϵеϢɫԽԽѿһƬˡ
û뵽ҶͷôҪ֪Ҷͷ˵ʲôҲҵҶ죬ύҶ졣
ãҺ֮ǰУټǶ֮ˣҲֶܳԸҡ뵽õԼûгֶԸҶ죬˫֮ĳ޻ܴ
ҲҶ찵ﱨϾ˭֪ҶʲôˣСǳխ֮ˣ϶ᰵġ
˿ռ䷨ʦȻȲŷ۾ҲһλߣҲҹضԸ
˵
ĵλҲͣȻ츳ȲҶ죬Ȳس硢а֮ǡ
˿ռ䷨ƾͷǳˣݵһλΪʦ
Ȼˣһʱͷŷ۾ĵӣʱǲ𣬺ߣȻЩģҲ֪Ѿ
£Ҷ췢һϢ
Ҷ֣ϴ˹֮У֪ҶʵݣҶˡҶģܣĳ㱣صġ
ϢһЦ
ϢҶͷҲвҶ졣
ѯҶϢֻû֪Ҷ˿ռ䷨΢һ룬֪ҶҪƣԲ֪
ϾҶ츳ѾǳˣҪټ˿ռ䷨ô̫̬ˡ
ʱҶȻõĿأͬҲᱻĸ߲Ϊж᲻ϧһд۲
֮ǰŷ۾Ҷ첻ôݣǵĸֶ߲ԸҶ졣
Ҫ֪ЩжԵ򣬿רǲϸ̽ţȻһɱ
ܶ˲õţǲɱְɱˡ
ȻҲᰵɱЩжţϾ˫ϣԷǿߡ
ҽҶ츳˳ȥǿЩжɱĵһɡ뵽
Ҳֻ룬ô
ΪǼ߲̫ˣʱ䵹Ȼʱ䳤֮УѰҵҶˡ
ԣǲұģǵﵽ׾磬ʱͲǿˡ
Ϣ֮󣬽׼һЩҲһ˸Ҷȥ
ǸҶ
ò˵ֶεȷôһҶʱȷᱨˡ
ңҶҲСǳ֮ˣȻѾͷˣȻٱ
Ѿﵽλ񾳽磬չ涨뿪ʥˡʱĸ߲㣬һϢ
֪Ҫ뿪ʥˡ
չ涨һﵽλ񾳽磬Ҫ뿪ʥǣǰˡ
Ϊʦһλߣһֻ۱һֻۣ˽⼸ʱ䡣
Ҷ죬ŷ۾ϣЩĸ߲㣬ұҶ뿪ʥǣҶﵽλ񾳽磬Ҳû˻ұ뿪
ǹأǶǿ˵ǿԴƵġ
ֻϧûŷ۾ʦϢ֮󣬾ֱ뿪ˡ
飬ʦѾ֪ͨѾǰʰöˡ
ģһλλףĻ
ϵŵרҶ߱ס
ңΪ˿ռ䷨ڰǲλױ
ʦҲ˱


1262 
ϴδĺ䶯سа֮˫˫ʮݣȴûжĺ䶯ˡ
һǵĽһеǷǳġ
Щͬǣ˿̲ڱչز򣬾洳֪ǵ顣
سа֮Ҳǰˣ˵֪Ҷͱչز֮Ϊ׼ʮ֮ڲȣҲæչز
⼸꣬Ȼջսڷ棬ǶλڣѾҶԽˡ
ȻһУǻ֪
ʱҴңǼȥˡ
ڴڼ䣬ķơ׿ǣҲһһҶ˵ʮݡ
ֵһǣ޳Ȼûл
ţһ֪ڲȵ飬Ҳʼչزˡ
ΪԪĩڵţҲ֪Լʱȣڴ֮󣬴ʼ
ֻҪڴﵽλ֮ǰǶԴʥǣԺеʱٴ硣
ֹ˼꣬ԽԽˡ
ʱһֱչصҶ죬ˡ
û뵽αչأȻʮʱ䣡һ֮УҶ컺۾˫ⱬնѡ
ʮ갡
Ҷһθоʱ֮죬ʮգۼףЩڿǵʱΪʲôǵɺˡ
Щ׵УûһԪԪǺӰɡ
Ҷһ壬վա
ⷨԽԽѣʮ꣬ټϺڰ֮ĵİԼﵽλ۷塣Ҷ̾
һβ򣬲׷Ƕôĺ嫣ϴλڣǶǿ֮ĵİ
ڿԼٶȾ̫ˡ
ʮ갡ô
ҲǶҶ˵ڱ˵ʮĽѾеˡ
а֮ӡسǣչҲʮˣǻûгأûнλڡ
ɴ˿ɼﵽ񾳽֮Ҫڷһ㣬ʵ̫ˡ
ȥһңۿһ״ԲǿߣϣܹͻƵλھ硣
Ҷ˵մ
һҪۿ״ԲǿߣҪǰԤԼϾ˼״ԲǿߣҲʥǵ㡣
ңҪԼѡ񣬹ۿλ״ԲǿߣⶼҪԼѡˡ
Ҷһ£ܿҵһԺڰɾ׾״Բǿߣλ״Բǿ߽
Ҷ쵱ԤԼˣܿյϢһǧȥ׵סۿ
Ҷ쿪ʼԼϢ
չʮ꣬Ѿ֪˶ϢӵģжӵģӵģѵģһЩݴ½´ģݴ½߲㴫ģ̫̫ˡ
ҶۿҲܿ죬һ±Ȼģ漴ظˡ
һϢȴЩ⡣
û뵽񣡡Ҷһ߿ϢһԱ߲ѯݡ
ҶһҲϵţҶ첻ͬռ䷨Ϣ֪
ҲǿųΪϵš
⣬Ҷ쿴ϢʾѾ뿪ʥǣΪһִˡ
ÿһһִãִñץļϸ˳ץЩİְ֮࣬Ȩܸߡ
ЩȥţΪִţûôõĴˡ
ţһȻвңߣʱҶҲ˽Ǿ仰
Է˵ܣռ䷨顣
Ҷռ䷨飬ŷ۾֪Ҳͽ֪ѡ
вҶ졣
ҶԴмôϾ˹磬ͽǴϷģôܱ
ǽԼ̫խˣԲŵİˡ
Ҷ쵱Ϣɾˣ
Ҷֿа֮ӵϢа֮ͻˣҴݵʮ㣬ǽ޳Ȼûл
Ҷн޳ˮ֪޳ĿǰûΣա
ңһϵ䣬һʱ֪ͨ˵ġ
⣬ϵҪˣпܻᱻ
ЩףﵽһĵزȫԸһССġ
ǰ黹ڡ
һˣΪܶ׶εģЩˣֻˣһЩ鵤ҩܾȵû
һЩˣƬͬԾȵûһ飬ܰƬ
ˣǻʣ飬ԼǵĶ׼ǿߣһ޷ٵġ
һЩǿףͬͨЩ飬临
֮츳ͻ½һ롣
ԣϵţ߲ǲܸ㸴ġ
ϾһĴ۷ǳЩ׿ɲΪһЩôۡ

Ҷûж룬޳һԣ͹ر
Ҷȥŷ۾ˡ
ˣȻҪݼһʦ
ʦڿԴ𣿡Ҷŷ۾ʵа֮ӡسҲͨ˵ʮ㣬׷
ҶȻںȴҪõеĽΪӵʮ㿪ʼÿһ㣬õһҵĽ
һҿɲСĿ
ţԴʮһ͵ʮ㣬Բܴʮ㡣ŷ۾˵
Ҷżãھʹ˵ʮ㣬ĺ䶯̫ˣԻ߲ļɵ
ȻҶѾ߲ļɵˣΪŷ۾ĵӡ
˭֪ŷ۾Ը񣬼ȻԸͽôӿ϶˲á
ԣҶѾİɱˣֻߵͣͿıˡ
ŷ۾ϣҶڰɱ̫ߣΣˡ
Ȼ˿Ըĸ߲׼ģʱԻٵ飬֣븴
ң֮츳½һ룬ʧŷ۾Ȼϣ
ʦҴʮһͺˡҶ˵Ҳ
ΪѯˣÿһԪнһɵű˰ɱǷǳġ
ΪŻһִ֮ãרץЩϸ
ˣÿԪȥţв١
Ҷ컹ûгΪףɲʱ̫ߵˣǼֱ
ţŷ۾˵ͷ漴˵ٶȲҪ˶þͻλˣŬȡսλ񾳽硣ʱͿԳȥˣȻΣգǻҲܶ࣬ͬʱҲܹĥ㡣
ǣʦ𣡡Ҷ칪˹漴ǣǰݡ
Ҷȥ֮ŷ۾˲Զ˵ϴȻˣôСʦܡ
£һڵӰӣôƾŷ۾һ


1263 ٴ
ϴ
ܹŷ۾Ϊϴ˻˭
ȻĴͽܣҶĴʦˣųƹӰĸǿߡ
Ӽʦ𣡡Ӱ˶ںڰ֮УֻܿһӰʲôҲˡ
ŷ۾˰֣ʾӰ
Ӱ̧ͷŷ۾˵ڰбСʦܾˣСʦܵ츳ȷʵ˲ãռڴɳ
ڴҲڴŷ۾Ц
ռǿĵǿ֮һɳǰ;
Ȼˣأŷ۾漴ʵ
Ӱҡͷʦײβӵ֮壬ЩҲϲڻɡ
̫ƽǵҲܹȨţȥɣԪʣµʱ䣬һֱҶ죬Ϊ׺󣬾Ͳô鷳ˡŷ۾˵
ǣӰԵ˵ͷ漴˺һ˶˺ڰ֮Уʧ
ͬʱҶѾǰһԶͿҶ죬ʱЦݵӭ
ҶСӣǶݣʣСˣس硢а֮ǿɶ׷ˣôѹ𣿡һЦ˵
ûѹǰôһ˵ʱѹܴ󡣡ҶЦ
һһЦٷϻھȥʮһ㣬ɲˡ
Ҷûлشƾһ֣͵ݵʮһ㡣
ʮһϣҶ쿴Ķ֣ͬΪսʮʽﵽʮһʽ
ռҶûзϻֱӶ֡
ĵʱϵӡĵ֮Уһ貵ĵâƲ񷣬ػ綼ƺնˡ
¡¡
ʱռ䶼ڲ
һǰĶѾ飬û˿ֿ֮
Ҷ˹âһ˳
ʮһ㣬ͨ
ô죡ԱߣոҶȥһ׼һҶ촳ʮһʱ䣬û뵽գ֮䣬Ҷͳˣɵõɴ۾š
Ҫ֪ȥʮһ㣬Ҳôͳˡ
ǰˣҶһ˹ȥˡ
ѽСôˣһһ㶣漴ع
ȻҶѾԶȥֻʣ±Ӱˡ
Сӣڲ˽һɵҡҡͷЦ
һҶ촳ʮһϢس硢а֮ǡ
һΣûʲô䶯Ϊа֮ӺسǶڱչز򣬹Ƶǳصʱ򣬲Ż֪Ҷ촳ݵʮһˡ
صԼסҶһߴһ߿ʼ˼顣
ͻƵλڣһ㣬ֻҪȵԼۿ֮Ȼɹ
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һңԹۿһ״Բǿߡ
Ҳ˵ҶԹۿΣԼ츳Կͻƿλڡ
ʱƾ츳ԺλڵǿսˣռϷ硣
ҵʵЩţһսţҵĶˡҶš
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ҶѾﵽˣȻ塣
ԣҶԼʮڲȣû˿ѹ뵣ĵġ
ҶģǾԼķ򾳽磬ȡսλ񾳽硣
⿿һζرչز򣬼кڰ֮İҲҪ֪ܳɹ
ԣҶ׼ȥһ硣
ϾֻҪЩеõ˱ͿԶһңȻԼǱԼŬˡ
ͬʱʱҲĥԼ
Ҫ֪ԺҪͱǿ棬ʱ򲻶ĥһԼʱôǱ˵Ķ֡
ҶԼҪһϸ
ȿЩ磬βѡ˹ֵͼˣϾҵôá
ңʵѡһЩΣյ磬˵Ҳȫĺܡ
Ҷ
ΪͨѼΣռϴҶѡ˹磬ͨ
а֮ӡسѡ磬ҲֻѼѡ
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Ѽ棬Ѿλ񣬶Ҳ˹ֻһһġ
Ѽ棬мʮλλ񣬶һϵģڰﻹжλǾͲˡ
Σռ͸ˣϵλ񣬶мλϰģǧλ
磬Ǿ͸ӿˣλѾ޷ж
Ҷѯһ磬ʱһ𾪡
ԭЩ磬ǵжµ磬µ硣
ôԪ϶˲ףЩɱףеı˶磬еȴס硣
Щס磬㱻ǿΪؾǴ
УһЩ򣬻׶ףǿնɱ֮ҲԼ硣
ΪǶ֮Уµ磬ȴû˻ı
Щ飬Ҳɳ츳ģԼ
Ϊˣ浮λȻǳࡣ
Щλǿߣ뿪ˣλ񣬶һЩʵµġ
ĻÿԸ
̫ˣЩûбǿӶᣬЩȥ׵УֱǴ󱦲أѹЩż֪ΣգҲһЩҪ
ҶʱĿ
鿴һ¼磬Ϣ濴һЩطЩȥµĴ֮أֻҪܹͨ飬ܵõĴС
ȻЩѡ
ңһλ׵ıǺ֮ࡣ
˹磬Щﶼǿˣûʣʲô
Щ磬ıȴģû׼ǿȥӣ͸ЩŻˡ
ξѡ磡Ҷҧҧ¶˾ġ
ԼʵһλҲܹȫˡ
ңЩµ磬ĹͬԴڸҪı˼ҷԼߡ
Щ֮Ǳ˷ߵݣᱦʱġ
Ҳеţֱ˿֮УϾЩףҲܰԼı͸ˣõĿ飬Ƿǳѡ
Щ׶ףõĿ飬Ǿ͸ˡ
ңôԪȥˣЩ׵ıѾȡˣʣıΪ̫ˣԲһֱš
ҶԼţʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨޴ĵƣؼʱ̣ܹܹõ
ˣ
Ҷѯ֮ѡһ硣


1264 Ѫħ
Ѫħ磡
Ҷѡ磬λ׽ѪħףһһλףҺпܽλףϧǰˡ
ǱжǿɱΪ˴ǿɱġ
Ѫħף־ͿԿóôһˣλ׷ǳײУΪԵʣƢǳ꣬һԲϾʹ֣һЩλ׶
һȻΪרץλԲǿߣǵ֮Դ
ڶ侯֮һȻû£һͶѪȥˣջǱǿ߽նɱ
ڶ֮УΣյһ磬ΪѪħԸǳ̣ıĿ飬Ҳǳļѡ
ôԪȥҲû˵õһһЩһıûеõ
ⲻѪħûб෴Ѫħɱ¾죬ѹεıǳ࣬ЩͰҲ˵õ
Ҷѡ磬ΪıǳΪ̫ˣԱûʲô˻á
ȻΣնһЩôԪȥıҲѹεĲˣЩûбѹεıҲ϶Ϊѡ
˵Ѫħ磬ʹûʲô
٣Ѫħ滹౦ѡĻкܶࡣ
Ҷ˼š
³çȥѡ񴳵磬ǾܵķѡѪħ硣
Σ棬ҶԼڵʵǳš
ʵԶԿλ񣬶һпռ䷨򣬾򲻹Ҳܹӵߡ
ЩɱҶλ񣬿²ѡѪħ棬ǿ϶ȥӹ硣
Ļһ羭ôԪķչôֻܾôλ
ЩλֻΪĿǳѾûƴ֮ģԲѡ棬һɽ
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漴ҶԼӡ졣
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ֵһǣĶǣҶʥӶŬ֮⣬ĺѾ֦ɢҶҶԼ֪ԼжٸˣҲ֪˶ٴˡ
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Ҷǣھ;չز򣬺ٳȥ߶ΪһȥͻһȺǿͷ񣬷Ҳˡ
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һǧҶصʰ飬׵סȥ
Ϊ״Բǿߣ׵ĵλȻȲŷ۾ҲΤһΣסʥǵ
ҶֵܣĳѾȺʱˡһλλԶؿҶЦӭ
ΪͨԤԼҲ֪˭ۿѾǲԼĵɽǰȺҶˡ
ΪҶŷ۾ĵӣĻ츳ٸߣҲһλ״Բǿ
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֪Էǿŷ۾ϣȴҺٻϾԷףûҪ
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Ҷſλΰ׵ݣһӣɫ㣬һ˫ڵԵЩն޾ĺڰ
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ΪʥǣҶõĵط٣Ҳֻȥ磬Ҫæ
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ԣȴɫһ䣬Ҷ죬Ӧ֪Ѫħ˵̫ΣˣѾܾû˸ѡȥˣȷ
ɴ磬ѾˣͷİɡҶ˵
׵˵ͷٶȰΪҶּţ϶ԼĴ㣬Ϊֻ𱣻Ҷ죬ǸҶĳɳ
һŵĳɳǲܸģӰܴ
׵ۣҶ˳ѪħȥԶʥǡ
ѪħʥЩԶ۵ٶȣҪʱܸϵõ
·ϣҶûȹһԼΪϾոսλڣҪȹһԼľ磬˳ϤһԼʵ
ңЩĵãҶҲԳûѯס
ױϾһλǿףָ㣬Ҷߺܶ·
һʱȥ֮Ѫħڡ
ûҶУһǿϢͻȻ¶
Ҷ׶ʱȥΪϢûе⣬ǲš
㣡׶ʱϳˣɵЦ֣㲻ǽ޳Ļô
ҶʱҲϳˣλףǽ޳Ļ
ֻλЩҶһͻѵ޳ʲô飿


1265 Ѫ
޳Ļʵλ֮Ҳǳǿ󣬲١
Ҷʱµ޳ѡ񴳵Ѫħˣвɵһ
޳һﻹƴһδ磬ѡΣյһ֡Ҷ첻Ц
״ʱѾ˹ؿҶһۣ漴˵Ҷ죬Ҳ׼Ѫħ磿
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ʵ޳أһֱûг𣿡
ɫЩѿ˵Ȼ޳ˮû£ôûҲ֪ʲô飬ǹҾ׼æʲô
֪ˣһϢҺѣʱа취ҵҶ˵ͷ
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û׵Ľ޳ĹϵҶҲӲܵġ
Ҷ죬ҲҪСĵ㣡һѵ
֪ҶʵԲ֪ҶѾܹλսȻЩġ
ǰѪħкܶλλ͸ӶˣΪ̫츳ٸߣҲͺһЩλ൱ǶҪСĽһЩҲѵ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ˣԽѪħС
׺׶һۣԱߵ֮
й涨׵磬Щǲȥġ
ԣ밵иҶȥС

Ѫħ硣
׵磬㵱Ѫħ׷ɱ¾ǿնɱȴûбǿ߸棬һֱطչ
ԣ˹ȫͬ
һ磬Ҷ͸оһǿ˷ɨӶвλ
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ٺ٣Щߵݲһλǰնɱһߣǵõ౦ߵʵȻҵĸӦһλЦ
Ѫħ飬˹鲻һǲū֪һЩ
鶼֪Ҳ֪֮к֪ܶ滹ǿߡ
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ʱһԽԽѡ˳ȥ
ҲЩ̰ȨƵѡϾ֪һ뿪ǾҲ޷ӵĵλˡ
νɽϻӳƴЩϻȥʶӹ磬Щȴϲϼɽ

Ϣ֮Ҷһ򣬱㽵
һƬĮԶһޣǽһ޴ĳǳء
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ԽѪԽ࣬ΣҲԽࡣ
ЩеڽٴʱҲֻǴѪӱԵ٣ҴѪԽΪΣգλ䡣
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ΪѪħڱǿɱ֮ǰ֪ԼĴǲܽԼı͸ţѪ
ԣѪĿ飬ȫλ趨ġ
ţֻλ񣬻λ񣬲ܽ
츳ٸߣҲõѪӡ
ϧѪħǵλȴȻ޷õѪӵĿ϶ѪӾһֱˡ
λɴƶҪۺ죬ϧ̫ˣʱûҪȥƴҶ쿴һѪӣ͵ͷǰĳǳ֮С
ûҪõѪӣǸϢҪõѪ̫ˡ
ΪֻһЩλеľǿߣлõѪӣеλõ
Ҷֻλ񾳽磬λľ磬оԵŵõѪӡ
ϧţһﵽλ񾳽磬͵뿪Ϊֹû˵õѪӡ
Ҳҽλ񾳽ʱԽȥԡҶȻ뵽
λ֮󣬿ѧһϣʱҶ츳ʵǿ
ˣ»ҲǺܴ
Ϊ˭Ѫħ׿϶ǰǿԼĴˣҪΪѪħ׵Ĵˣ츳͵úܸˡ
ңѪħʹЩλп顣
һ;ŵĻˡ
ֻѪħ籾ţڴﵽλ񾳽֮ƾǿ츳пͨ顣


1266 »
ϻĳǣ
ǰ޳ǵ֡
ҶȺ֮У˽ȥ
޳Ǻܴ浽飬кܶżһЩ
֮ԻôǿߣΪ￿һ󱦲أҲҶ˵Ŀ֮һ
¶ȺܸߣԵǻĮ˸޷ܹĶǿߡ
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Ѫħ֮ǰҶѾصϢеõѪħĵͼˣͬʱͼлǺһЩڵء
Ѫħı֪
ΪѪħײ±֪Լıڽʱ򣬾׼Լı͸ԼĴˡ
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ǺǣҵĿλ񰡣ҪǶͲˡңҲпܶһЩؾ֮УҪܴ۸ѾܱˡٸЦ
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˾ǣǾȻƾճ֣Ǵռ䴩ԽģǱһɻϵ۳ģ̫ˡ
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䣡ͷ޶ʱɱ¶öɫľ壬ǻ𾧡


1267 Ų
ôĻ淨򣡡Ưڰеö𾧣Ҷ΢΢һɨʱ֮ɫ
ѹⶫ԰ϵϵΪⶫȫɻϵ۶ֱӲȻԼӿٶȡ
ϧҲϵ飡ҶҡҡͷЩź漴ö׻ϵģⶫǿá
ǰҶնɱһЩޣ񼶱ģһЩͨ鼶ģֱӱɱˡ
ʱҶѾ۲Щ޲浮һ۳塣
ѹĻϵŨԭѪħ󷨲õģЩ޿ҲǱ۳ģԴԴҶ
ûкˮҲûɭ֣һߴɽ壬ǹͺͺģرˣżðܵ棬յÿ͵
Ҷ쳯ŵ»ǵķ룬˲ƣֻܹԼٶȷУˣķٶҲܿ졣
Խ룬ҶĻޱԽԽǿλ񼶱Ļˡ
ʱǰѾ¶һӴĻ𺣡
»ǾƬ棬⸽ĻԽԽǿˣҲԽԽˡҶ̧ͷԶĻ𺣣üͷҲ
ղѾܵʮͷλ񼶱ĻΧˣ⻹ûн֮Уһ֮У࣬Щ޵ʵҲӵǿ
Ҷ첻ڴǰ
𺣵¶ȺܸߣֻλܹˣΧĻкܶ࣬ﵽ񼶱𣬲ΪЩ޵ʵѹˣֻͷųλ񼶱ʵһЩλǿԽġ
Ҷţ͸ӵˣһ·룬ûзٶȡ
ףˣͻȻҶ쿴ԶĻ֮У¶һߴӰһӣĹλھ硣
λ񣿡Ǹߴһɨ˹ʱҶľ磬ɵóλ͸
űϾ٣һλ𺣣ֻһЩλλ
Ҷһӳֱӽһͷλ񼶱ĻնƬ漴𾧣ǰ
ʲôһɱԶǸߴӶʱ㶣֮ɫ
û뵽汻һţһôţλ񾳽磬ɱλ񼶱ĻޣԽټ
¡¡
ǰʱشը
ԽȥҶԽˣҸ񼶱һλ
Ѫħ磬˹߼ࡣ
ٴҶæų»ǰҲûʲôټһȺ谭ûԱ˳֡
ϾλʵҲᱻѹλ񾳽硣
ԣλҪɱһλҲѣԷҪߺףȻҲû
ҶҲˣһ»ǡ
ǰԼԼѾԿһ޴ĺڰˣǾǵ»ǵڣǲϵл޴ʵǳǿ
ʱִܹ񣬴ԼмˣλλǶЩ޳޷»ǡ
Ҷ첻ɵüͷʵǿҲ޷ǰǧĻնɱΪЩ޿ɲö඼ﵽλ񼶱𣬼㱻ѹʵҲҶԵֵġ
λȳȥΣһλͻȻȵޱȺ
ãͬ⡣ʱӦ
ֻˣҶҲͷͬ⣬Ҫȥȫʵ
£ٸʼΣۼһȻŵ»ǵڳȥ
һ˵ǷɢģٸŽӳʱ౶һӽˡ
ڰڷǳ޴ͬһʷǰſ죬ĵĶڣϵ͸ȵϢ·һƬҽ
Ҷʱ򲻸һֳ˽ȥ
˷ǳֵǣǽ»֮ΧĻ޶ʧˣȫһεľ޴ʯ֮С
ʯҳʷΣΧڶܵľʯɣֻǰһǽ¶һš
߰ڷߴ޵Ȼһ·һ
һţ˸Ĺâǳ档
һУҶѾˣΪǰҲкܶŴ»ǣԶϢһЩġ
ʱĹţǵ»ǵĽڣǰǽڵĴţͨһڡ
»һоŲ㣬ÿͨһ㣬õһЩʯиĵرһЩս͹
ŲҲǺôͨģԴѪħôԪҲֻһ˴˵߲㣬˾ʷһ˲õ켶š
켶ŰŴ˵߲㣬滹أ
λ켶ŵĸҶŵõһ߲ϡ
»ǣΪһأÿ㣬Ѷࡣ
ľ˵ˣʱ߲ģȴֻһˣɼѶȡ
ͬкܶ࣬ǴĲľࡣ
һ˵΢е츳ˣܹ㡣
Ҫ봳Ĳ㣬Ǿ͵ˡ
ңǰǼ崳أӵĲ㿪ʼҪһһͨˣ޷˵
𣡡Ҷصĵ»ʱǰȻŭʯҶ
Ҷ̧ͷȥĸ޵ͻȻɹâȻ޳׸ˣȺ
ȲҶЦ
һһĴţޱḴֻɱһޣܽһ㡣
мˣ޸䣬һͻ¸˶лġ
ûһ޾ͱɱˣȻ޳ˡ
ÿһ󺺳忪Ҷ죬׼ǰһɱȻҶеѪһһնɱ
С㡭Ǹ󺺶ʱŭҶ졣
Ҷûֱӽһ㡣
ʱһĲżʮ˶ѣԴԴ˽
Ͼһܼ򵥣޵ʵǿܹ»ǵˣܽɱ
һĿҪһЩˣ˶ҪѹƵعػ޵һʵȻÿ˻ҪնɱʮͷĻ޲ͨ
λҪˡʱǰһ
漴ͨڶĴžͱˡ
ͬʱһǿѹ٣˵Ϊѹȥ
λ񣿡Ҷɫһ䡣
˶ɫһ䡣
ѹֱӰѹƵλ񾳽磬Ҷоڵոճʱࡣ
ⲻǾ类ѹˣҲѹˣҶĺڰֱӱѹƵĲܶá
Ҫֻ֪ļѣολ
ȻҲˣѹˡ


1268 
ܹƽ˶ѹλ񾳽磬Ҳѹλ񾳽硣
һͷһʱ˶ɫһ䡣
һͷ޷棬ƥ
Ϊûбѹƣڳκһˣɱһͷޡ
ڣΪѹƵĺЩһȴǻռϷ硣
ãֻͬһս
ҶûжںͿԽս˵һͷͬ׵ĻޣʮͷҲ¡
ңһأֻҪɱʮͷ޾ˡ
٣ڳһ˶ܹͨ
Ͼֻǵһ㣬ͨһ㣬ҲһЩʯѣһĿģˢȺЩĳ˰ˡ
ӵ㿪ʼŵʱ
ҶܿɱʮͷޣȻ嵽˵ڶ㡣
ΪôһκҶﵽڶûôˣֻʮ
ˣȻв˿ͨһ㣬ҪһЩʱ䡣
ֻҶţôͨ
ȻЩλҲܹͨǱϾλ񣬾㱻ѹΪսǿҲԱȼһЩˡ
û뵽һλҲܹôͨһ㣬츳ǿʶһ£ҽͨһһ۵ӣһԵҶЦ
ɾˡҶ쵭Ц
Զһ۵ƳҶһۣмһ漴תȥ
ͨҶ촫֣һӦʳľŻӣһλ񣬵츳ǿųѪħǿλ֮һ
ҶԲɵö࿴ǰǸһۣû뵽Էͷô
⣬ӦʳŻվһĻˣͨҲҶˣͷСֱսսѪħڵħ
֣˵һ¥ҲһˣҲ֪һ¥أ˭Ҳ֪Ⱥеһˡͨ˵Żܿ˿ƺҪҵһ¥Ǹš
Ҷ΢΢ЩԾû뵽ѪħĴǿǿ»ǣʲôĿ
ҶܿᣬĿǵõ֮ģʲô飬޹ء
֣εĿǳ嵽Ĳ㣬أͨԵûܶࡣ
Ҷ쵭ЦҾ;Ϊˣܹ嵽پͶٰɡ
ʱӦʳľŻǰȥȻ˵ǶϢ𣿺˵ĻҪڶĿˡߣȺһ鷳ȹ˵㣬Ͳøһˡ
˵գֱȥڶĿ飬ȺЩûлָơ
ϾղһɱһЩ츳µˣһЩˣȻᣬҲָһ¡
̫ˡͨ޺޵صӦʳľŻһۣȴǸŭԡ
ѪħںսħսȴһĮ֮ɫں
䣡
žŻӿ飬һǿѹѹȶƺҪ˶ѹ⣬һЩ˸ðѪ̲ס˵ϡ
ѹ̫ˣ·նѹˡ
һֻǿңͬˣӦͬѹҷһ㡣ҶվԭأһоûС
һģӦʳľŻӣѪħڵħսս
ЩţѾԽͬףȻںѹ
˾Ͳˣһ˳ԽѹǼסģҲˮ㱻ѹſ¡
ңѹʱŶǿ
ͨϣҶֻ֪аһСʱͨ顣
һСʱڣѹ᲻ϵص
һرȵһ౶ˡ
壬ȼλλѹӽλ񣬶˵һѹûСҶԵõĺɡ
ԱߵͨɵҶ죬ɵõֱ۾𾪵֣ôǿ󣿿²λ˰ɣ
λ񼶱𣬵ȴҪܽӽλѹԴ˿Ѿϥأͷˡ
ãǿԳܡҶ쵭Ц
ͨƲƲ죬֪Ҷǫ飬ʱţѾû취ٷϻȫȫصֿѹ

ڣһСʱȥˡ
ЩһСʱˣȫоѹСʱˣһڵϣŴȻϵĺˮ
ûõĶߣӦʳľŻӲмһȻ㿴Ҳһֱۣӳŵȥ
սħҲ̽롣
ҶǵȴָͨˣȻһ㡣
Щӵһ㲻ӿˣѹ顣
֣ڶ㿼㿼ı־ˣԿǿ־ȴֻԼĥˡͨ˵ġ
Ҷ˵ͷҲ֪һصϡ
־𣿡Ҷгš
ҶҴ߳һ·޵Уûͬױ־ǿˡ
ӦʳľŻӺܿ쿪˿飬һǿ־ͬղŵѹÿ˽١
ҶҲܵһԴԴ־ѹ·ӿĺˮκˡ
ȻҶһʯһһƾ紵򣬶κ
ͬһСʱҶǳɵذȥˡ
ȻҶ쿴һԵͨû뵽һͨ࣬ҶʱЦ֣Ȼ츳ôǾȥյشҲ֪˶ٴ־Ȼ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴Ĳ㡣
˵Ĳ㣬֮оѾ̭ˣʱֻʮ߸ˣ½ˣҲ˺ܶࡣ
ҵĲһؿѶǿ࣬ڳʮ߸ˣ֮һͨͲˡ
ͨ˵֣һ֮ҿ²ˣԤף㴳ĸߡ
Ҷû˵ֻǵ˵ͷΪŻѾȲؿ˵ĲĿ顣
ֻԶĿյϣȻһ޴̨һԵӰעˣҵΪǸһΣֻҪܹңͨһء
һؿʼҪ츳ˣԽսʤֲС
ԽһѣֻӦʳľŻһһȥûȶ˳֣һǹǿֱӽַ顣
Żɵͨһء
˶Դû˿ȣΪԷѪħһţһ㶼Ǿ̫Цˡ
ħսҲɵͨ˿顣
Ҷûôſ񣬵Ҳɵͨ˿ˡ
ͨҲͨ˿ˣȴһս
Ҷ쿴Ц˵ʵԽȫ⡣
ղſˣͨܶȻһЩʱ䣬̫ѡ
ǵĿҪԽУֹֻڴˡͨЦ
Ҷ쵱Ȼ֪ҵĿԽ弶͸ӿֲˣ߲ҪԽ߼켶ţ޷ͨˡ
ڵڰ˲͵ھŲ㣬û֪Ϊûͨ
Ψһһλ߲켶ţȻҲ˵ڰ˲㣬ûнһصľ߱ˣû֪ڰ˲Ŀʲô
Ҷ쿴ڰ˲͵ھŲ㲻ԽˣĻû˿ͨù
Ϊ켶ţѾ湫ϵˣһѪħףѵҪһŻҪţ
Ѫħ֮У뵮š


1269 
û뵽ĲĽһڼƷʯ൱һˣѹ»ô
»ǻ¼Ϣһ㴳һͻᱻһ¼Ϣ´ٴҲõˡ

ʯţҶ߽㡣
ͨҲҶһˣʮĲˣǶڴûһģǺ뿴Żӡħսŵı֣Ը˽
ҶԵúͨû˻㡣
Żӡսħ˵ǰ棬˵ĿⶼϣҲš
ͬڷһ޴̨վһߴӰһعߡ
ӵ㿪ʼعߵʵǿԱ仯ģһͬǾعߵΪǱȴߵΪΡ
ˣϹأԾŻӡħսλŴصٶȣעһԶһλͻȻȵȻԱ߿ʱĳҶ첻ɵÿĿɿڴ
Һܿ죬вȥѺעˣеΪħͨһأеľþŻӸʤһеѡս
ͨҲȥѺעˣѺעս
ھŻӡսħˣȴǸûЩˣǵжս⣬ȻҲҪһ
λԱͬߵ㣬ȻžŻӡսħ˿ʼء
ҶһȤؿš
ô˭ȴӦʳľŻԵЩˣĿ⿴սħˣʵ
˶Ѫħպţҵλһģǵһδ򽻵Ҳʶ
㲻һֱǰôκˣǰ󣿡ħ˫ۣЦ
ŻĿʱݺݵضħ
ħǳһĨЦ˺¾Żӣȴ£ϾѪħڵʵӦʳ֮ϡ
һԵսֵÿԡ
ΣŻЦҾҵĳɼǰ棬ŵ㲻ٴˡ
͵ͦģͲ֪ʵΣħ
ߣ۾ŰɣŻһ̨һ̨֮ϣǿƶʱϯԼԼһǿϱ
λ۷徳硭ع߿ų̨ϵľŻӣһ£ʱһǿϢϲϵرԽԽǿ
ʱѾعߵΪϵӣֱλ۷徳ͣˡ
һ󾳽˳ڡڡڡ۷塢ԲΣһҪԽعߵʵλڡ
ʼˣ㣡һ˴ߴٵ
ʱλȼеһ㡣
ͬʱ̨ϵľŻѾȲسعˣһҪعߣҪ̵ʱڻعߣܰսħ˱ȥΪѪħĵһš
ԣŻβұʵһֱȫıһӲӵצɢžϢ
쿴Ӧʳս֮壬˵Ӧʳǿߴﵽλ񾳽ǿʣû뵽ŻӲλ񾳽ˡ
Ͳ֪˰ɣӦʳǿߣһ㵽λڲпս֮壬λս֮˶ǾţοŻӲλ񾳽磬Ǿš
λŻӵ츳̫ǿˣλ񾳽֮󣬿Ѫħǿλ񡣡

Ⱥ֮۷׷ףÿ˵϶˾̾
ҶҲͷŻӵ츳ŽӽۼˣּŶԽˡ
ʵϣŻţλ񾳽֮һΪ׷ǿ߳Ѫħ磬ʱԻġ
צɣֻŻһȣ˫ſԼԼֻɫצֱӽǰع߸˺Ƭ
Żͨ˵㡣
ÿʱ䣬յ֮һλæյ㣬
ΧҲѣЩעŻӮȫǾþŻӮˡ
սħɨһһ˲֮һ㣬һ˿֮ɫ
û뵽õһ׵Żӵ̨ϴԭع̨ϳһɫâ
˿ޱĽ׵Ѿǳ˲ˣһλҲֻʹĽ׵
ھŻӵݶԣּû
ΪŻԼʹõǴﵽ߽ס
ˡŻ̨ؿħս
ߣħһֱ̨
ھŻ̨ʱ̨Ѿ۳һµعˡ
ħΪ;Żһλ۷徳磬һεعߺ֮ǰһλھ硣
Ѫħڿλ֮ʩչг֣عߡ
˶ɴ۾ţзǳ棬ħ;Żӵ˭ʤһ
֣˵ħ;Ż˭ǿһЩͨʵ
ҶҲǵ츳࣬ħħһЩħǿ߶óɱ¾˴ħӮһЩ
ô˵ħӮˣͨ
ҲöԣϾѪħڴѪħףˣҲҪǿӦʳ
˵ˣǾŻӮˡҶҡͷ˵
ͨʱɵ֣ҺͿˣ㲻˵ħħǿ𣿡
ҵ˼ǣǻɱ¾ħӮһЩһǱȵͨٶȣѵûп𣿾ŻӵĹǿʺϴսħʺϴ־սħͨһҪʱԱȾŻӳһЩ
ƺ֤ҶĻǸյ֮һʱħŽ˶֡
ŻӲ֮һͽ˶֣ȻӮˡ
ŻӿλһȽϣʱԼӮˣɵõشЦ
෴ħɫޱǳѿߵֻ˵ıǿһЩʵδǿҡ
û뵽ѪħڵĵһħҲ䲻𰡣ŻӼЦħҧгݡ
λƺң۱սκˡʱһԵս̨
һ˲䣬ŻӺħʱ
۱սķӱӦʳħƺҵ˴Żӵķ˵
Ӯ˵ɡŻӲʾߵֻĿһ˿أȻҲ֪սĹԡ
ǵĶԻûдڳ˶ˣͨɵþϲ֣˵ĻսӮܴ󡣡
ȻҪˣΪעĶսһսӮˣ׬һǧƷʯˡ
ս츳һôȷԣǿɡҶЩɡ
֮Уħ;ŻһԵһſֻսأһֱصڣûʹȫҲ޷ȷս᲻Ӯ


1270 
ս캳أ
һս£

սĹȷޱȣսһ־ףһһعߣӶϵرعһ˺
Żͫ׽ܵ˾޴ѹսĹҪһЩ
һĲֹŻӣħҲˣʱ¶ЦݣЦݵıһ˿ɵ
ҶҲˣ֣ͨ׼ǮɣӮˡ
ڳλҲˣĳλѾ֪սӮˣڼˡ
ܿ죬¶Цݡ
Ϊսǰ͵ħ;ŻӣŻӺħӮ࣬ս˺٣׬˲١
䣡
Ǹյķ֮һʱսһȭعߺƬ
һ㿼ͨˣķѵʱȾŻӻҪ̡
ϲ֣ĳЩ˲Ҫ̫ˡħ̨սʱЦ˵һ߼Żӡ
ұǿߣŻߵ
ѣĿ겻ǵ𣿵ʱȻֳʤħ˵գ㡣
ŻһҲȥսҲһ
һû˸ˣΪ޷ͨĿ飬Ȼûʸ㡣
ȻսӮˣó˵츳֪࣬˭Ӯ
ǰ
ȵǽλ񾳽磬ʱȻֳʤٺ١

һЩ˿ʼ뿪ˡ
û˸̨ԣΪһ޷ͨأûмʱ̨ᱻ
Щλ񼶱ǿߣһȥԽöǿҪλԲǿߣһ˲䱻ɱˡ
ѪħױϾĺõĿ飬ɲں˵
û˸̽
ܿ죬˶߹ˣҲû˽ֻʣͨҶˡ
ֻ⣿Ҷɻؿͨ
ͨٺЦ֣ͱˣ񿴿ʵֱң㲻ȾŻӡսǲ
𣿡ҶԲ÷һЦ漴һ̨
ΪҶλڣԵعֻλڣ˹磬񡢺ʵȲϡ
ûͻʱ񡢺񶼲ҵĶ֣οڣҶ쵭ؿŶعߣš
ৣعһݺݵҶ죬չҵĹ
ͨʱ̨ܺ棬Ҷ츳жǿ
ڣҶˡ
ûʹԼֵĵҶֻƾһ˫ȭͷع߼ս
̫ˣôĵǰʩչߣҶм֮ɫһȭɣͬһ̫ըһֲ
̨ڲն𶯡
ع߱ɳȥеĳˣؿڸǱҶһȭᴩƲأվվˡ
ܿ죬ع߾ʧˡ
ҶͨһĿ顣
ûˣ̨µͨɴ۾š
ҶŽȭѣȻʹع߰ҿҶǸɵӣͲȫ֡
ͨҶһ𴳵»ǣǿҶ֮ǰʹõģȻһǿߡ
ڣҶûʹԼֵĵôɵػ˵عߡ
츳жǿ
ҵ찡ʲôţѪħʷ϶ûгֹɣͨ࣬ϵҶ츳û뵽ֵز
ʱҶѾ̨¶ĵ㽱ͬһ׵
һһ񵶡
»ǣ֪ǵǿߣԸһҶ쵭һЦûоȡ
ΪѾ۲ˣ»Ǳһһһλ׼
ĻҲѹ˵Ϊλ޷
ңҶµòĻ»ǱѪħײ󷨵ۣӶԴԴĻޡ
֣ҽȥˣԵٻᣡҶգԶȻ뾪ͨ˻֣漴㡣
ֱҶ˵㣬ͨŷӦϳ˾̾
ɣ̫İˣǰûû뵽츳ȻôߣսǻҪǿѪħ磬Ի
ͨž֮̾ɫ뿪˵㡣
ûнȥΪóҶһ͵ˡ
ֻǵ뿪»ǺΧЩ̸սŻӡħ˱Ե飬ɵǴһ˿Цݡ
Щ˴ţЦͨҡҡͷˡ
»ǣ㡣
һ㣬ͬһ̨ڵ»ǣĲ㵽㣬ˡ
ĲҪԽһսʤ֣ҪԽսʤ֣ҪԽ弶սʤ֡
Խ弶ѾǷʼˡ
Ҫսʤ֣ҪԽﵽۼС
ʱսŻӡħˣվ˵̨ǰ档
һŲɵ΢΢һ
漴ŻӱͷҲص˵ǵһ¥İҹɣ֪͵͵ˣڿ¶Ŀˡ
ħҲͷصЦһ¥˶ôǲ֪ĿԺ󲻺ȥɱ֣
ҹּ֣ˡţ˭
ֻսһתΪ͵һ¥İҹʶҹϵҪкǵҶģ󣬶ʱˣ漴
ľŻӺħת
㣡ôܣŻӿҶ죬ʱһ
֮ǰɨҶһۣΪͨڿҶţɨһ£Ҷ첻΢е츳ѣּǲᲢ۵ģû뵽ҶȻĴ˵㡣
û뵽Ҳп۵ʱܹͨ㣬츳Ҳһ𡣡ħ˵
Щ֪մսЩε˵ղΪԼĺѰҹأû뵽Ūˡ
ɣҶ쵭Ц
ɣȻͬգսЩȣ漴ЦǺ˵֣ǻԵ֣ҽˡ
Ҷ쵭һЦսϿˬƴ˱ħ
һսǰʵֱزű¶ʶһ¥İҹ
һ¥˴ɱ֣Ըˬˣôܺɱѣ
һǵһʶ㣬ǰҲû˵֪ǺηʥҶ쾴Զ̬֮ȣսһ˿漴ʵ
ɢޣֵ֮һᡣҶ쵭˵
Ҷ⸱̬ȣս֪ʲʲôˣٶԣǿص̨˵һҪԽ弶˭ϣ
ղӮˣϣ㲻ͷŻߵȻڸղűսԽеǳˬ
ħҲ˵˵Ĳֲȥԣ츳ͨһӦúס
սаѣ츳Ҳֻкܴͨһ㿼ѣԷȥԣǽ֣֮һعߵʽˣʱԱӦԡ
ȻһԵҶ죬սйâһЦ˵֣ղûп֣źޱȣһȶԿ
ħ;ŻԣҲЩؿҲ֪ҶʵΡ


1271 ͨ
ߣ
սҪԼȳҶһЦ˵λѪħǿǰ֮ʸȳ֣λɡ
ȻںǷͨأҲ뱻˰װá
ߣҶβŻӺħһսڨڨһЦ֮£ֻһ̨ȥ
ô˵ھŻӺħǰ¶֮ɫᱻЦġ
䣡
ս̨عߵϢʱǵλ۷徳磬պñսΡ
꣡ǿϢǣֲͬ籩ŭȥ̨ڲ
ع߸߸߾𳤵ӿҵĵâնսõÿռ䶼˲ˡ
Ѿӽλˣޱǿ
úãսһս⣬ֱӳعߡ
սĹֱǰǳ֪ͣع߱ΣҲȻ壬ֱӲƴ
䣡
ҵײһ𣬱
ò˵սȷŷǱѰǿ츳λ۷ΪȻѹλ۷徳عߡ
ԶսľŻӺħһ𾪺أг˼ɵ
Ҷȴû⣬ս츳Ȼּսм̫ˣ޵мŶοһӽۼš
սͻȻսһһΪعΧȥ
һΣħ;ŻˣҶҲޱȾȣΪóսӵűʵ
ʲô
Ȼʹ÷ӵ뱾һʵ
ҶʱĿЩĶҪѧַǿʵӡ
Ҫ֪һķҲֻʹ÷ӵб߰˳ʵѡ
ս֪ǹԵʣʲôԭ򣿡Ҷ̨ϵս˼š
Ҫ˵Ĺ֮ࣿĹ˦Ѫħʮ֣ȴûпַ
ʱսΧ֮£Ǹع·磬Ƕˡ
Ͼʵͱսһ㣬ͬʱսȻ޷ˡ
ûãع߱սӲˣսҲ漴Ϊһ塣
ͨˡսվ̨ϹЦȻɫЩ԰ףϾͨˡ
Ҫ֪ѪħʷϣǿţҲͨѡ
ֻҪͨ»ǵĵ㣬Ѫħ繫ϵǿš
λ߲켶ţȥģҲֻ֪Ѫħǲ֪ġ
Ѫħļ֮УѾߵļ¼ˡ
սô˷ܡ
ߣŻӺħиһ˵Ŀжս⣬һ˿ɵ֮ɫ
ҶȻ˼սķôãҲûսİ
û뵽ĽȻһ˽׵Ǹ߽׵ǿˣ
ʱսĽһ˽׵
Ѿ൱˲ˡ
Ҫ֪ѪħõҲֻǾŽ׵ѪħЩû˿Եõ
ҶеѪҲֻһ˽׵ѡ
˷ܹ˾͸Ͻ͵ҲҴȥŻӿսʱȵ
սԼղŲڼ𣿡
Ȼˣս̨
ߣŻûսķֱ̨̣俴Ŷعߡ
ͬλ۷徳ǿߣֳһһ֣㳯žŻһֱâѤá
սβŻӴһͬѡعӲƴǿһɡ
ΪղսعӲƴŻѡĻ϶ᱻħսЦŲòӲƴ
ڱ棬ŻҪսһ㣬һֻƽɫþŻӵɫǳѿ
ΪղŵƴսռϷ磬ڣȴֻܺعߴƽǴս
ҲѪħǿţŻŭһ˵涼ʼһƬƬѤۼףȫеطˡ
Żӷ·һͷޣ˵Ϣ࣬ͬһعߣǿֱӽعײɳȥ
ҿ̨Χػ󷨣ĻҶġ
ħսޱ𾪣ҶҲȲѡ
Żӵ츳ղŻսû뵽ȻԱ֮ǿʮǷȳսˡҶ찵뵽
˵սǽӽۼţôľŻӣۼ츳
һһȻСκˣû뵽Ѫħ磬ҲܵšҶ첻ɵ̾
ۼţҲǷǳϡٵģЩģԽ
ˣǺлΪ׵ġ
Ҫ֪Ѫħ˹粻һ˹ˣֻҪﵽλ񾳽磬ͻᱻץߣΪūû׾硣
ѪħɵģǽлΪ׵ġ
䡭䡭䡭
̨ϲϴըľŻӷǳ񱩣˶·һ㣬ععߣʽˣֻвϵط񹥻
ԭ֮Щ޷ƣ⵹һȱ㡣ҶҡҡͷȱûʲôǶּ˵ȴһ㡣
ħսҲˣȻЩɵȴ˿
޷ƵôǿҲӵС
ֻбԼƵԼսŵ˵
ˣ̨ôСĿռ֮Уع߸޷ֻܱŻӸӲˡ
սһŻҲõһ˽׵
ˣ
ŻӰȻ̨֮ħһϾȥ
ŻбսзħȴʲôûУֻһѪħħ츳
ԣħһս÷ǳѣǳɹɱعߡ
֮УӦǺʱҲѵͨ˵㡣
Ҷ쿴Ժĳɾͣ¾ħߡ
սķȻϾʵɢԼûкô
ھŻӵıȻǿ󣬵ȴ޷ƣѹͲԼھлˮ¡
ֻħԼʵ츳ȻŻӺսǵǽλ񾳽֮󣬿϶ħǿǡ
֣ˡ
֮ͨսЦؿҶ졣
ħ;ŻҲһĮؿ˹Ҳ뿴Ҷ쾿ʲôʵ
ҶһûоܾˣϾ˵ĿľǴȻõ֮ġ
սעӵĿУҶ컺̨Ѿع߸ӦҶʵʱԼʵ½λڣñҶΡ
СȻ츳ܴһأһӡŻ˵
仰ҵͬħ˵ͷѵø;Żӡ
սȴǽ̨ϵҶ죬Щɵ˵֪ΪʲôܸоСЩ


1272 Ѫӵ
̨ϣųԼعߣҶ첻Ųæɫ֮䣬ûһ˿źż򶨵̬ȣս˾Ȳѡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ҫ֪սͨ˿飬ôǿعߣҲɣ˿и
ȻʱҶ죬·һ㶼ع߷
ǿһһԿͷġŻЦһΪģǼҶ֪֮˱ԼӵĿ
һսûÿͷˣȻһ׳աħҡͷ׼뿪»ˡ
սȴǽ̨ϵҶ죬ֱһ
䣡
ȻҶĳ֣սͫ͵һ漴𾪺Ͳš
ֻԳعߣҶֻƽسǰһȭǽɫӿͬ嫺һ㣬βϯ˻ġ
عӴӰֱӱɳȥеĳˡ
̫ǿˣֱһȼ
һŻӵֱ۾漴࣬ƺǰһС
һԵħ׼תȥˣǸոĽŲȴôҲ޷̤
һȭҶ㽫Լǿ츳չʾˣƥƣâ¶ع߸޷⡣
һ켶ţһӽۼѣ̫ˡ
ңعʹõǵս仹бҶռĵ
Ƿ񶨵ġ
ʵսع߶Ҷƣ˸һȼġ
ԸûѶ೤ʱ䣬Ҷͨ˵㣬õһ˽׵һѵѪ˿
Ҷû⣬ֱӽ֮У㳯ŵ߲Ĵȥ
УսŻӡħˣôؿҶıӰֱҶıӰʧǵĿУŷӦ
Ӧˣɫ˱䣬ÿ˵ı鶼֮ͬ
ܣܣôôǿŻӵһøղһԲʵġ
ողҶ츳Աǿ˲ֹһΣѪħʷϵЩһţ޷ҶᲢۡ
Żʵ޷ţȻ츳ôǿ
˾Ȼ޷̡
ͬʱħɫǳѿǿˣû뵽һôǿţȻƤ£Цǻڻʱȣȴ֪˵츳ѾԽǣǼֱһȺ֮ܣ˼ﶼЦǡ˼ҸмЦǣΪǺĲ̫ˡ
ĻŻӵɫѿˡ
սɫ˱䣬漴̾ҪǱǿһ㣬һгԽţڣǿ̫ˣţǲò䰡
ħԿЦһ£ҲôΪġ
ߣ츳ٸΣڲλ񾳽ѣûгɳţǿߡŻһһ˿ǿҵɱ
ħһŻһĿҲһ˿ɱ⡣
Ǻܿ죬ħɱ⣬ǵ˵˵Ĳûгɳţز۵Ŀܡٺ٣
Цһ¡
Ȼû¶ĶҶ֣⸽;ŻӣȫԽŻ֮Ҷ졣
սû˵ħһû¶ĶҶ֣ϾһɹôµΪˡ
ǣŻӳֵĻôǾûиϵˣŻʧˣҶҲֻҾŻӱ𣬶׷ǡ
ֻоŻӱʺͲʳԴд˿̳˶Ҷɱ⣬Ѿ¶ģ¾뿪»ǣ֪ͨӦʳĸˣ׼Ҷ졣
ˣָղżȥ߲ˣ츳˵߲ͨ㣬Ǵʷ¼ôܴľһĻ
ͻȻսһæŵ߲Ĵųȥ
ħ;Żɫһ䣬Ҷͨ˵߲㣬ǾĴѪħļ¼ˡ
ϾѪħʷϣûһͨ»ǵĵ߲㣬ҶˣѪħʷϵĵһˣꡣ
£ħ;ŻҲ߲Ĵš
ŻȻҶ죬Ҳǳ棬ϣҶ޷߲ͨ㣬ĻȵҶһЩͨţȻվѪħ۷塣
Ļ㽫ɱҶ죬ѪħһŵţȻҶ졣
Ÿָ˼ս˽˵߲㣬Ƕͨ˵㣬Զн߲ʸ
䣡
ǽ߲ʱ򣬵ߴεսѾʼˡ
㲻ͬǣߴȻͬһعߣعȴһͷޡ
޵ʵﵽλԲ磬Ҷ߸Ρ
ҪԽ߼ս
λԲ磬Ѿ൱˹ʵˣҪҶûͻ֮ǰҲֻܽܣ޷նɱ
ڣҶѾλھ磬ʵ֮ǰǿࡣ
ʱҶ죬Աȼλڵǿߣһܽܡ
ԣҶȫ֮λԲĻޣܿ·硣
ȵս˽ʱҶѾǵشˡ
ǿĻޣѾ˵úأʵ½ҶĶˣƺһˡ
һĻøոսսĿɿڴһš
ôҪعߣսɴ۾š
ħӦһ»޵ϢʱʧɫλԲĻޣ߸ΣȻô̵ʱھҪˡ
ŻӵԽԽˣɱҲԽԽǿˡ
ںͻ޼Ҷ죬ƺӦ˾Żðɱ⣬ɵ΢΢Ƴһۡ
ҶûѾŻӷֻ΢һ۶ѡ
ֲмĿ⣬þŻӷŭˡ
Ҫ֪ڵʱҶġȴˣҲгĻˣǷˮת
Ż޷ˣûмۿȥֱ˳߲㣬뿪˵»ǡ
һԵսħɵһ漴һۣڱ˴˵пһ˿Ц
ǲµŻȥϵӦʳǿߣ׼ڵ»Ҷ죬˵Ҳһûᡣ
ϾҶôѹͷϣЩȻеˬ
һ̣Ϊеˣȴվͳһսߡ
䣡
ھŻ뿪ú󣬵߲عڱҶɱˣҲ˳ͨ˵߲㡣
̫ˣǵ߲㰡Ѿ˼¼µ񻰡ս̾Ȼ޲ҶھǶҶ츳Ƿǳġ
ħ˵ͷ˵ѪħʷϣҲû˱ȵлΪΰס
ϧûнˣԾŻӵԣһܻ߳»ǡ
˼һʱҶȴ̨ϿԼĽ
߲ĽǳһŽ׵ѪӵҿóŽھŽ֮УҲǶˣеѪǿࡣ
̫ˣѵҵʵ͸ǿˡҶʱ˷֮ɫ
Ѫӵǽˣôǿʹúܳһʱˡ


1273 ڰ˲
ͨ˵߲㣬õ˽Ҷܲ
ΪѪӵǾŽ۷ѪҪǿܹ࣬ʵܶࡣ
Ȼʦ˵뿪ʥǵʱһλּ̫νƥﻳЩ׿ּû׼ͻᣬѪӵȴЧˡ
Ҷ찵뵽
Ȼŷ۾棬ڣû˸ŷ۾ǲųһЩķ֮ˡ
ѪħĴħͷδزûУҲΪһλ׼͵͵ɱҶ졣
෴ѪӵȻȼܸߣͲЩ׷
ҶãѪӵÿԼϵŷ۾Ժ͸ΣյʱʹãΪԼĵơ
һز֪ʲô飬ѪӵʱҵսҲǿһЩˡҶһţһߵʼеѪӵ
ѪӵҶһôϵһħͼѵѪۣ·һѪɫĶ֮η
⣬ڵ滹һѪɫĴʯ˸ҫ۵ĺɫѪ⣬Ҷ߶֮£õԡ
ԶħսһĽּɵŻӵУҲֻð˽׵ѣ⻹ǸոͨĽ
ȴǲӦʳħ뵽漴ת뿪˵߲㡣
׼֪ͨѪħڵĸ֣ʱӦʳǿ߻ɱҶ֮󣬿ѱ
Ȼѵ㱻ѪħߺҲδػħħԼ츳ģȵԼλ֮ѵ϶ᱻġ
Ϊ츳ͱѪħڵδġ
ڰ˲ȥˣǣս̨ϵҶ챧˱ȭ漴Ҳתȥ
ħͬע⡣
ңû߲ͨ㣬ûʸڰ˲ġ
ԣǶԵڰ˲Ŀǳ棬Ҳֻһ뿪ˡ
ߣҶ쿴ǵıӰǳһĨЦ
Ȼ²͸ħս˼Ƕ֮ǰ뿪ľŻӣеյġ
ǾŻӶ¶ɱ⣬ԱȻҳ֣¸ոռ뿪ΪȥӦʳǿߣ׼ˡ
Ҷ뵽
Ѳ²⣬Ҷһ·֪˶Σգݴ½ǿҪԾսթǿߣ󶼱Ӯˡ
ŻȻʵȵľǿ˲֪ٱıƣȴ̫ˡ
ħսͱˣûжҶ¶ɱ⡣
ӦʳΪѪħĴǿ֮һʵ϶λڵǿߣλڣλ۷ǿߣҾֻܶʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ˣԲС
Ҷüͷ
һ֪ӵʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ôͻᱻߣᱻֱĨɱģʦŷ۾С
ŷ۾Գɱ
Ϊǵ괴λΰµģߴߴ𣬵һ
һʱ䷨򣬻һռ䷨ᱻɾ
ͬʱɷô˼ߣᱻߴǿ߹ͬ׷ɱ
Ҫʱߴ𶼻֡
ˣҶɲұ¶Լƣһף
¶ĻôҪӦʳߣЩΣˡ
ԣչֳʵλԲǿҲֻǽӽλ֣ӦʳҲֻǲλڣǺڵǿԲɳλ۷ǿߡ
Ҷ쿪ʼ˼š
ѪħȻ˹ǿ߶࣬ҲûλԲǿߣΪλ۷徳֮ǵĽͺˣ϶ѡ뿪Ѫħ
µλ۷ǿߣӦʳҲֻһѣλڵǿҲ
ԣҶãԸûгɳţӦʳܳλ۷弶ǿߣλڵǿ߶δػ
ϾӦʳҪңԸҶûгɳţӦʳҲûҪСá
ҶչֳԽ߼츳Ѿ˲ˣû˻뵽Խ˼ӽԽżˡ
ֻǳλڵǿߣʱҶһΣա
ҲҵԤ֮УҪ˵õ֮ǲܵģһҴͨ»ǵйؿѪħ˶֪ġ
Ҷ֪סѾ뵽ˡ
ԣҶҲһӦԷˡ

Ҷõ»Ǹ֮ĵʱ򣬾
Ѫħള㣬Ĺؿλ۷ǿߵҲ޷ȥ
ҶͿ԰ȫ
֮ͨģȫԽλ۷徳磬ﵽԲ磬Ҳδزܡ
ֻҪﵽλ۷徳磬ôλڵǿ߶ҵĶ֣ʱλڵǿߣҲܹˡ
ҴﵽλԲ磬ôλ۷ǿߣҲˡңһﵽԲ֮Ҫλ񾳽磬ҲѲ˶೤ʱ䡣

Ҷ΢Цڰ˲㡣
ڼٵΣգš
Ȼڴ֮ǰҪڰ˲㣬ĵھŲ㣬Ȼõ֮ġ
ֻеõ֮ģ֮ǰļƻĻֻܿˡ
ҶԼġ
һѪħ׶ѣֻλףӽλףʲôĴߣҵ츳ʷ϶Ƶǿһˣŷ۾ΪͽҶ޷ͨ飬Ѫħ׻»Ǹʲô
Ҷҡͷ뵽
֪ͨѪħŪ»ǣǸԼһĵӣ̳ԼĹ
Щþ͵ףϲͽܣϾµҲܿһЩͽܣͽʵǳԽǣȻгɾ͸С
ңͽʵǿˣܰԼ
ʦͽϵǿ֮ܵĹϵȽʦͽദʱ
ȻͽܣôѪħײܲЩ޷ͨĿ飬ͨѪħ׿ԶҲҵͽˡ
⣬Ҷ컹ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ơ
ȻҶ򣬵棬ȴ¡
Ϊ»ǾһȻֻλҲԸǵ̽ӡ
ŷ۾ּǿߣҲεͨ»Ƕ̽ӽ涯õƣҶͲ±˷ˡ
ҶͲţԼǿ츳ټʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ѵ޷ͨ»飿
ôţҶѾ߲ͨĴţ˵ڰ˲㡣
΢΢̧ͷȥҶ첻ɵһ㶣Ϊڰ˲ҵǽڣȫǺɫģҲǺɫģռ䶼ǺɫģֻһӰ
ӰȴҶеһ˿Ϥ·


1274 
ϤһϤıӰ
ȫɫ֮УһϤıӰȻעĿ
ǡͻȻҶƺ뵽ʲô͵صͷԼ·ɫһ䣬ͫ𾪵̧ͷ
Է·Ȼ·һģһ
ˣʵԼ
Ȼƺ֤ҶеĲ²⣬˻תϤģҶٴһΪ˵ȷһģ
ͬ·ͬģ
һ֮УȻҶ졣
ԵЩ졣

»ǳڣһӰȺ뿪ƬҵĻ𺣡
˾ӦʳľŻӡ
ףɣŻ뿪֮󣬻ͷһ۵»ǵķ棬˷ڵɱ⡣
ҲѪħǿţǿǾȥɣߣŻһ漴ȡͨѶһϢ
֮ǰڵ»棬ͨѶʹãڳˣȴǿʹá
ܿ죬Żӵ̫үүյϢɳǿ߸»ˡ
Żӵ̫үүӦʳӦۣһλλ۷徳ǿߣ˵λԲҲԶˣѪħպǿ֮һ
ɣƾ츳ٸߣҲ뿪»ǣߣŻЦһ漴Ҹط׼ȴӦʳĸ١
úսħҲ̳Ƕ֪ͨԼ֯죬Ȼ;Żһȴֽ١

»ǣڰ˲㡣
ҶɫصؿŶˣû뵽ڰ˲عߣȻԼ
Īڰ˲Ŀ飬ҪԼҶ૵Ϊʲôλ켶ŻһˣΪһԼһģһĶ֣˿Գɹ
ƽֶѡ
ҪսʤԼѡ
ѪħŪĵ»ǣĿģһңҶ쿴ŶԼȴ˲š
ѪħҲһλ׶ѣҶѾʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ⶫԷģĳ
ܣ
ʱ䷨򣬾ʦŷ۾ֲεǿߣҲõοһѪħס
Ҷ˼֮ʱļҶѾ˵ˣҾһصعߣңܽھŲ㡣
˵գҲûйҶ죬ֻôעҶ졣
ãҾԿܹӵҵĶʵҶһʩչ˻ȭŶļҶɱȥ
䣡ļҶ״Ҳʩչ˻ȭҶɱ
¡¡
ʱղ
˵ΪһģһʽҲһģһҲһģһ
ȭͷ֮ͬʱȥ
һ֮£ʤ
е˼Ҷһ漴չֳǿ壬ҵĽɫâҡ
Ǵ۵ԣ޷˫
ļҶ죬Ҳͬˡ
ƴһȭһȭҶڲ
һȫһ
Ҷκβ˶ļҶ죬ԷҲκβ
Ҷ·һǽôҲ޷ͻƣӵеֶΣԷҲӵУÿһ֮¡
ҾͲģҵռҶһѪһ֮ǰǱ߱Ѫӵ
Ž۷ҶĹע֮£ѤĹâ
ҶһżҶֱȥ
ȻҶҲһѪӵͬʩչռҶһ
㡭Ҷ־ŭԷȻĿģռһģһ
ֹսҶ쿪ʼеһЩˡ
ϵӡҶ𣬽ϵӡҲռ֮УʹѪӵ౶ǳҵĵâҫۣӡ
ϵӡļҶҲϵӡһ壬ӭ
Ҷ۾һɣ֮ɫ
¡¡һβʤ
ûõģģҶᣡҶ쵭Ц
Ҷͫһɵ㵽˭»ǵ飿Ѫħ׵Ĳ
Ҿǵ»ǵ飬ڵ»ǵսÿһսҵļ¼֮УһУҶᡣҶЦ
Ҷߵ᣿ߣ㲻ģģбҵռһԿⲻлᣬֻԼٳΰˡ
Ųű˻¼ռĻͲռˡ
Ǻǣô˵޷ңһͱͨҶ쵭Ц
𣿡Ҷ˵ͬʱѾڼҶǰҶ׼ʩչռȴһǿĿռ֮ˡ
Ȼֻһ˲䣬ǼҶһ˲ȴ޷
㡭Ҷ첻ŵص۾˾
ǿռ䷨򣬿ռ
ҶĿռ䷨Ȼ̫ԱԼʵǿĵˣ޷ԷǶںԼͬεĵˣȴԽһʱ䡣
һʱ֮ڣҶԻɱԷˡ
ѪӵôһӴ㳹ױҶݻˡ
ҪģҵĿռ䷨ҲˡҶ쿴ſյңЦ
һ̣һ𣺡ĺҸѪħ׺ܶԪţţҲ࣬켶ţҼֹһûһȵ㡣
츳Щ켶ŶǿһЩѵõǣȻ񾳽˿ռ䷨˲ð
ԪܹҲࡣ

»ǵҶ޲ѡ
ҶЩȵ˵Ȼ֪
ϻһѪħôּܵţܹһ켶¶ѡ漣ֻ֣Щ磬ܵšʣˣ˵ˣҲ»ǵ˵
ǼȻ֪һܼȥ𣿡ҶЩǵʵϾѪħΪеģԼǱǿɱ²ϣԼıﱻŻá
ǺǣʵõģѪħȻϣԼıﱻ˻ãֲѪħס»ǵЦ˵ǰѪħҵˣѾˣѵһҪһ˵̫ЦҺôҲôһ˵
˼ǣҶʱ۾һ
ֻҪܹͨھŲ㣬õ֮ģܵõңҲ»ǡȻҲǹ͵ȴǷ͵һһۡҵĹҲһȫܵѪħ磬ҲѪǼһǿ㡣»ǵ˵
ãһͨھŲ㣡ҶԵ˵ͷܹõ֮ģܵõһλ
ңҶҲָۡ͵ǷǳģΪָۡ϶󷨡
ֻҪ»棬λԲǿߣҲκβסѡ
һλף»Ҳܹ֧һʱ䣬ͬλ»ʵһλҪõö࣬ӽλˡ


1275 Ѫħ
ۡԺȥҲȫˣ׼ǿߣܼƬ̣Ƭ̵ʱڣ϶ҡ
Ҷһţһ߳ŵھŲȥ
Ѿǵ»ǵһˣ֪ʲô飬Ҷһ˿ڴ
ţҶܿ˵ھŲ㡣
ʲô飿Ҷһ˿֮ɫǰ濴ȥȻȴֻһѪɫӰ˫֣
ѪɫӰϣҶܵһаɱ¾Ϣǿ͵Ϣֱ͸̲꣬סһ
ǡ
Ҷ𾪵ؿǰѪɫӰ̲ס²
϶ǵ»ǵ飬Ϣ̫аˣɱ¾̫ˣδڵڶϼ
þûпˣ˿ռ䷨򣬹Ϸ򰡣һͻȻ
ǰѪɫӰת¶һЦס
ҶͫһЩϤ
ԣǡͻȻҶһ֪˭ˡ
Ѫħס
ڽѪħ֮ǰҶѯѪħϢȻҲѪħ׵ĽܣҲѪħ׵ӡ
ǰˣѪħס
ѪħףԣѪħѾˣĲǲлꣿҶصؿŶѪɫӰ˵
ܶԷʲôֻҪǺѪħйأǾǼΣյģȻҴ⡣
Ѫħȴû⣬ЦСһ㻹ǵøղڵʱǸսСһʩչķ𣿡
Ҷ첻ɵüͷսķǳ̾Ѫħʲôϵ
ƺҶɻѪħ׼˵ַ󷨣һλϵģ걻ҵõұǿնɱ֮ⱾؼҲҷѪħһż֮УǸսСӣ¾ǵõⱾؼȻĹ꣬Ӷ޳ַ
꣡
ҶԵɴ۾ɵʲô꣬ʲô
˵ɣ꣬ͷ·ŮСһֻС
Ѫħ׼˵ŮСǶûʲôӰ죬ͬǵ֮һµ꣬ҲûӰ졣
µ꣬˵һˣҲ˵ǱķһôǾǱˣȴκεӰ졣
Ҷ״㵵˵ǵѪħǸꣿô
ѪħԳǺǣѪħ׵ԸΪɣҼ̳һУеҶңҵ츳ҲһҪǣҲܹ׵ʹáҺȻͬˣȫáΪˣǳɵңңȴңѹҵĳɳٶȣûΪס
ô˵ڻλԲˣҶͫһʵ
Ȼ֮ǰоԷϢǿû׸ǿѹ֪ԷûгΪס
Ѫħ׵˵ͷ˵ڱʱǿԽ׵ģҲҡΪѪħ綼ǿߵļ֮УһλԲǲںһףֶ޷סǿߣʱҳɹ׾磬Ҳᱻɱ
ȻѪħģϾѪħףûзô֪ǿ߻ɱ㣿Ҷɻ
ѪħҡҡͷЦ֪ѪħΪλᱻɱ𣿡
Ϊʮ⣬ɱһλסҶ˵ĵ伮в鵽ˡ
ʮ⣿Ѫħ׼ЦѪħʮˣкܶ࣬Ƕúúõġ²֪ΪףһЩȨѪħȻʮ⣬ÿսʱսԸжĵˣµĹĸ߲һֻ۱һֻۡ
ֻ֯ҪôôͲϾɱ
Ҷһ㶣û뵽ȻҲѪħ׵Ƭ֮ʡ
ȻˣΪѪħ׻ᱻǿնɱҶ漴ɻ
Ѫħ˵Ϊ󷨣ĸ߲֪Ѫħֹɳǿ߽նɱ
һŹѣĸ߲ΪôҶЩš
Ѫħҡҡͷ˵Ҳλǿ߻ɱʱ򣬱𶼷ǳ⣬Էֻ˵𲻸ֽɹ˭Ƿףһֽɹܵǿ׷ɱ
ǳŹ棬ΪʲôأѵŹʲôܲɣҶͻȻ
ŹȻ棬ҲֻһСֶζѣ벻ͨΪô󶯸ɸꡣ
ˣСӣ˵ô࣬ӦðȥɡʱѪħյЦЦ˸еɭ¡
ҶĿһʲô˼
ұôֻ꣬һĿģǱҵһţȻᣬӶȫԪʱסʱһﵽѪħ׵ĳɾͣһᳬԽѪħɭЦ
Ҷ֪Ŀġ
Ҽǵһ켶ΪûжҶЩɻ
ΪұѪħµֻжԷͨڰ˲㣬ھŲ㣬Ҳܽᡣ˵Ǹ켶ţȻҺûͨڰ˲㡣ûϵͨˣҾͲôõˣѪħ׹Ц
Ҷߵδ˵̫ˣԶ𣿡
㲻һλڶѣ츳ԽսҿλԲ硣ߣҵһָ㡣Ѫħм˵
ɱңϵţҲ¸㣬ҵʦΰŷ۾һΪ㻹ܻ𣿡Ҷߵ
ʲôŷ۾ͽܣôܣѪħԵɴ۾ŵضҶ졣
ȻѪħ׵ı𣬵ȴ֪Ѫħ׵һϢȻҲ֪ΰŷ۾ǿ˵е߸ϵ۷ǿ߰
Щ״ԲǿߣǷףŷ۾ǰҲֻһֻϡ
õ
Ѫħ棬˼һɱ㣬ʵ̫ˡ
ܣŷ۾ܾûͽˣôĵӡѪħҶ죬Ҷƭ
ԿʲôҶ̯ƣһöɫСһţ͸һϢ
ȻϢȴѪħһͫ׽𾪵ŷ۾ӡǣֻҪŷ۾ĵӶУ㡭ŷ۾ĵӣ
Ѫħ׶Ҷ죬ɫʱúѿ


1276 Э
Ѫħɫ̳˱м䣬ȻӡǴʲô
ȻӡǲûʲôͷֻҪҶ߶ӡǣôŷ۾ͻӦõϾʥǺܽŷ۾˲䶼ܸӦȻҲ֪˭ɱҶ졣
ĺѪħ޷ܣΪɹҶ죬Ҳӹŷ۾׷ɱԷһܸ޾
׼ǿߣڻɱҶ֮˲ߣռ䶼ˣŷ۾û취̽鵽
ѪħֻλԲ磬׻֪жá
ô죿Ѫħ׵Ҷ죬м˼ܶҶ죬ҲܷŹҶ졣
ΪҶѾ֪ܣҶˣһȻ·һ
ҶƺҲµЦ㲻صģҿԷģԲϢ
ģѪħЦڶ汾Դģҵȷܷģ츳Ԫʱһ׾磬ʱ汾ԴҲκβ㣬ȫΥԡ
ҶЦѪħ˵Ĳ׾磬Եȷûá
СӣҲɱ㣬Ҳܷ㣬˵ô죿ѪħߵǻۣʱҲ벻ʲôüƲߡ
Ҷüͷ˵ҷġٿԱ֤֮ǰǰȫģ⣬ҿԴȥʱҲл׾磬شȫԶֻҪ㲻Ұ˵ȥҲûκε㡣
УȲ˵ǷԶ׷ɱˣѵҪһӶ𣿡Ѫħҡͷ
㲻ǻԶˣʱҶ֪˭˭׷ɱ㣿Ҷɻ
ҵΪ̫ǿڸȥ֮УҲ޷ӹǿߵĸӦԣֻѪħжһˣһ޷㣬ϾһҪ뿪Ѫħ˵
ҪҴ뿪Ҷһ㶣ɻֻҪﵽ񾳽磬Լȫ뿪Ѫħ磬ΪҪҴ뿪
̫ˣѪħȥ飬ᱻǿ̽һߣҿɲұ֤ǷǡѪħߵ
Ҷ첻ɵüͷѰˡ
Ҷ˼֮ʱѪħͻȻ۾һҶ죬Ц˵ʵһ취ֻҪͬС
ʲô취ҶæʵϾҲΪһѪħû̸ףԷ֪ҲȻ汳
ȻԷֻǴѪħױ꣬ǴԪʼڣô꣬ѾﵽλԲ磬Գ׾ˣǶ֡
ܼ򵥣ֻҪѧϰ󷨣ٺ٣һҲˣΪŷ۾ĵӣһѧϰֽɹҲ᲻ϧһдɱ㣬ŷ۾նɱ㡣ѪħɭЦ
ҶһһаѱѪħУ
ȻѪħҲаѱУͬȹϵģ˭Ҳ˭
Ҷȴ֪һ׶ˣ׶ֻʵǿһڣҶʵѪħףԺʲôΣգȫѪħװæѪħ׵ҲҶȫѪħͬھ
ȻҶǲԸռѪħ׵ıˣ˱Ѫħ׾
Ҫ֪Ժ֮ʵ϶ҪǿѪħףʱѪħвȴһš
ѪħƺҲ뵽һ㣬Ц֮г˵⣬Ц˵ֻҪӦˣ»֮ıˣҲ»͸㡣
ãҴӦˣҲϲ֮һ塣Ҷ쿼Ƭ̣վͬˡ
ô˵ȴһ˵Ժ֮ҸնɱѪħ׾ˡ
ߵʵ㹻ǿ֮ﵽŷ۾־磬ǾͲںǷ֪ʱôҪǶҲҲ
ãѪħҶӦҲǳˣϾһڿ뿪ĵطԳȥȴ׾ˡ
Ѫħױ꣬Ժ󽫻ȡѪħףᳬԽѪħס
գѪħЦݵ˵ҵõǸΪ֮ǰмƭ㡣
ʲô£Ҷһ㶣ʵ
󷨵飬ֻŽɹеһͨѣŽɹ󣬿˵о͸һŹлᣬ깥ͨ걾ҲΪŹİλ׾磬ſλ׵սѪħ˵
Ҷϲô׽ʲô֣
걦䣡ѪħЦҵŷ۾Ĺϵֻ걦һ󷨣пܻһҲŲò걦һڸ㣬ҲŲôĹ˽㡣
ߣ˭֪ûһЩҶߵ
һЩⲻܣѪħҡҡͷЩƵ˵һ깦һһЩ㣬޷ѧᡭ
ҶԶʱЦˣ֮ģе»λټ깦øˡ
ŹڽɹҶԴʵûж⣬Ϊͬʱʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨һ֪ͬǱ׷ɱ³
ҶҰĺܴ˵ȻҪһ뿪ѪҲߣ͸Ұɡ
УλѪħæҡͷλ׼ĵ»ʹ͵ǺҶùϵ
Ѫλһǹһλ֮УڶģѪħҲΪӵѪӶܽô͸Ҷ졣
ִߣѵԺٻѪħ磿Ҷߵ
ҴߣѪħɭЦҰô࣬㣬ƽɣ
ߣ㵹Ǵĺ⣡Ҷһ漴˵ҲԣûгΪ֮ǰѪȽá
û⣡ѪħЦ˵ʵ׼Ҷõġ
ΪѪѪħ׵Ķһˣô϶̽ģʱݾҪ¶ˡ
Ҷùˣ͸ͲѪħʲôϵˡ
ңûнףòѪӡ
Ѫħʵǿ󣬿ԿλףɲֹѪӺ͵»һλЩѪħȻ
ҵʵټλͨλףҲһսˡѪħװ뵽
ң뿪֮ҪȥģΪӵѪħ׵ľ磬֮󣬺ܿλԲ磬Ȼ͵ʱ׾ˡ


1277 걦
ѪħоԼС˼ʱҶҲ¶˵Цݡ
ջ񲻿ν󣬵»ǡ֮ģټϿʹõѪӣŽɹ걦䣬Щһ֣˷񣬶ȴȫõˡ
ֱҵ˱ذ
Ҷ찵˷ܲѡ
Ѫħ׵Ҫ֮£Ҷ쿪ʼ汾Դġ
ȻѪħҲҪ汾Դġ
˷֮ô֮ǰͲ¶Է˺˴ˣԾ˿˴˵ĿҲһЩˡ
ˣѪħףڻҪѪħ𣿡ҶͻȻʵϾǰѪħǴѪħһ塣
ѪħԳ˼Ƭ̣漴˵˵ҲԣȻҾͲñѪħǸ˵ˣڻףԺͽҡѪ񡣡
Ѫħ˼ҶЦЦ漴˵Ǹ̸̸ôȥˣңղѾ˵ˣֻѪħڶᣬ֪Ҫ˭
֮ǰǴصʱҲۿˣ֮⣬սħŻСһҲҵ츳ֻҪҽǶᣬԿ֮ǰ׾硣Ѫŵ˵
ʱ׺ѣҶ죬Ҳұ֤ԼһܹɹЩġ
Ѫȴаٷ֮ʮŵİգΪѪħױףǴѪħ֮ģӵѪħ׵ľ磬ڳ׾磬ǳҪһԳɹҲȻࡣ
ңѪħµıҪȥѾ˽׵ĵ̡
˵ѪѾӵ˽׵һУֻҪȴͿ˳ˡ
׼˭Ҷʵ
ǸսС󷨣Ȼ걦䣬Ҳδؿ̣ˡħ;Żӣ࣬ǸŻѾ׼Ը㣬ȻԼǾѡɡѪɭЦ
ȻҶ԰ЦǸŻӹȻѾ˸֣ϧע磬ΪѪڡ
ûж֮ǰѪ񣬻λԲ磬ս츳Ѫħ֮ڣûһ֡
Ѿ˲ֹһԪ㻹ܶ𣿡ҶЩʵ
鶼жҲʲô˶ԶᣬףȻʵǿ󣬵ΪѾ棬ų⣬޷
ĻҶ츳ˡ
⣬Щ˲ֹһԪ飬Ҳǰų⣬޷ᡣ
ѪˣҶǳ棬ԷζŻӡ
ٺ٣걦ˣԼۿɣѪԵЦЦ漴һָҶüġ
Ҷ֪ԷҪԼ걦䣬Ҳû赲ƾԷԼڡ
Ҫ֪ǷǳΣյľٶһԷ֣ôҶûһ˿֮
ҶѾѪģ汾Դļ£ǸҶԱ˴˳֡
ңѪʵǿҪɱҶ죬Ҫˡ
ˣҶǳĵؽѪ񴫵ϢǱΪɹ걦䡣
걦ϢǳӴ󣬱Ļ𵶵䶼ҪӴŷ۾͸ʮ˿ռʯ֮аݻҪöࡣ
ңҶ췢ѪûƭԼ걦󣬲󷨺Ͷᣬ깥ططƷֱһܵİٿȫ顣
޼֮
Ҷֻɨһ飬֪걦ļֵ治ףΪҪΪɹ
Ҫ֪鶼ŹôõĳɾͣԳԽڡ
걦֮йضĽܣҶ֪ΪҪôˡ
Ϊһ걦䣬ôҲԶᵱǰ浮ˡ
ףҲʵ£ɽ֣ʵ£ƺѽλˡ
˷ۼ޵м켶ţǻô
ôʣѪжᡣ
һҪףϾħаĶͨǱϲڵġ
Ϊ˷ֹһ㣬²ŲòŹΪɹġ
Ҷãп»ʲô֪ܣΪó걦һ׿Դĳġ
ʦŷ۾ռҲȲ걦䣬ŽɹġҶ찵뵽
ҶԴ˲⣬ǳˡ
Ϊ걦֮󣬿Լ꣬һǿˣ츳ҲǿʱͿˡ
Ѫħ׵츳ʵôͰɽײ࣬Ϊ걦䣬λ׾硣
ңѪħûĻѾλ׾ˡ
εõŹҵõ֮ĻҪãҶЩ
ΣѪϢ֮󣬿Ҷ죬Ц˵ôǲǺҸ˵ܹŹֻһţǾǿʮʽ
Ҷ˵ͷʮʽǿλĹȻ걦䡣
걦ΪΣһα𵤣ڶαƵӤαһУһ״ﵽ츳ֻҪʮܹɹǵڶκ͵ΣǾˣѪħҲûгɹѪ˵
Ҷ֮üͷ˵ȴﵽڶƵӤʱҲᱻգȷⲻӰ죿
ӦòᣬΪ걦ǷǳĹѪħλ۷ǿ߶ûн𵤲ɾ磬Ҫڶ磬֪ʲôʱڵδ̫ˡѪҡҡͷ˵
ҰȻܴ󣬵ҲûҶôֻΪλףλ״Բˡ
Ѫ񶼲
Ͼܹ̫ˣԲᳬʮˡ
Ҷ죬ĿǳΪԽ֮
ԣҶȻҲöࡣ
ҶҲŹǳƣӦòʲô֢Ϊ˵һﵽΣһҲǽΪһ塣
ʱÿһѪ֮ж꣬ǲĲ֮
ң֮󣬻Ὣһǳµĵز˵ǽл粻壬㲻ˡ
Ȼ˵ЩţŹ棬Ҷֲòš
ˣһһ˵ҪΣҪ𾳽СҶ찵뵽
Ҷûмڲ걦䣬ѪҪ֮ġ
ѪЦ˵СȥɣСǵ»ǵ飬ҲͨһˣԺˣھͿԽ»
Ļ£һųҵĻ棬ʱҶǰ
ˣϲɹˡСǰҶ죬Ҳǳ˷ܡ
ΪڿԳȥˣüѪħˣôԪﻵˡ


1278 
뿴ôԪһط˵»ǵˣѪԼﻵˡ
ԣڿҶͨڰ˲󣬲С˷ˣѪҲ˷ˡ
ˣ𷴿ʹȥ»ǵĺġС˵գ㻯һŹâҶһʧ˵ھŲ㡣
ʧ֮ѪǳһĨЦݣεǱСˣҲǺСӰһˣԺǱǿˣû׼һܶһɽ
֪Ҷʦŷ۾֮ѪжҶҲκζˣΪŷ۾̫ǿˣǿܲͷһŷ۾ϣǷҲ䡣
Ѫ֪ģ֪ʲôʲô
Żûб˾ͺǶҶ죬ǽΪ
Ѫħ׺εȷ⣬εԱȼλףڶ֮ҲСġ
һѪħױˣӲˡ
ŷ۾ľԸ߲㣬λʥ˵ʥƽĵΪУǾԲǵġ
Ѫıһŷ۾һǿĴɽУȻǲܵġ
ǵȴѪʵϵġ

뿪˵ھŲ㣬Ҷ챻С˵»ǵĺ֮Ҳǵ»ǵıԴڣСĺġ
Ҷڴ˿ʼ»ǡ
ϥҶ죬СЩڴ˵ˣٶȣܹɹ
ꡭҶЦһȻҪꡣ
뵽ҶҲ̹Ȼˡ
ҶʵƬ̾ܳɹ
׼ôģָۡ͵ǧȻѣǳķʱ䡣
껹ΪСĻҶҪķС
Ͼ׼ʹõģҶһλȻޱȡ
;УҶҲ˽˵»ǣ»ǵøˣҲ˷ˡ
ʵ̫ˣһ壬ܹ˾ס
ֱ
ԺҴؾżʱ򣬾Ͱȫˡؼʱֵ̣ܵˣסС
뵽ҶڴˣæŬ»ǡ
ʱ仩š
תۼš
ʱ»⣬ӦʳѪħڡսǿ߶Ѿڻ֮Уŵ»ǡ
սŻӺħˣҲڰУŵ»ǵĶ
֣ôˣСӻŻüͷɫضŲԶĵ»ǡ
Ȼ˵ֻһգ۵ʱ䣬Ǵ»ǣôʱ䡣
Ҷ쵽ʲôΪεڲ
ŻɻڰеЩǿǣҲǳɻ
ϧڰ˲û˿ȥԼɻҲֻɵš
ߣҾͲ㲻ŻӰһֻܼȥ
ѣ㼸ǧ꣬꣬ں
˵һչض꣬Ȼںʱ䡣
ӦʳսѪħ˵ǿߣҲǿߣͬ⡣
Χס»ǵϢǴ˳ȥܿ죬ѪħһЩ飬֪顣
ҷ׷ɻ󡢺֪ʲô
һ¥Ҳڰɳ̽̽顣
ʱôһһţһ֮Ҷ˵»ǡ
ڵ»ǵĺ֮ϥҶ컺˫¶һĨ˷ܺͼۡȻһǧ˰ٶ󷨣ÿһ׼󷨣̫ˡ
׼󷨣һ߶Էӳ׵һ
ȻֻλףҲС
ҶҲ֪Լ޷߶Щ󷨣ֻ»ǵЩķ󷨡
Щķ󷨲ҪԼ߶ֻҪʯɣһܵǻԼ߶ġ
ֱһڹǣλ׼ǿߣû˿ԹơҶ찵˷ܲѡ
ˣԦ»ǴգԦ۴նҪˡ
ٱҶǸһҪöࡣ
ҪķѵʯҲǳ࣬Щ׶Ըøۡѡ۴ϾۿԽԼʯ
ˣϲˡڴʱСͻȻҶǰԶ
Ҷ˵ͷ
С飬Ȼڵسڵ»ǵκεطһԵ»ǵһЩ󷨡
ʵҲÿġ
ҶѪѪӵû顣
ĴΪ˰õطҶڣȻԼٿص»󷨣ϾķһЩ񣬵СٿأǾͷˣֻҪרӭоˡ
ѪѪӵֹ͵ȴǺٻ飬Ϊǳ򵥣ûе»ô󷨣Դ߶򵥶ˣҪæ鷴ỵ¡
Сȥ֮ˡ˵ţҶͻȻʧСǰˡ
˵»ǣҶȻ޷ٿص»󷨣ȴѾԵ»һвָˡ
֮ĵλãȻҲ
»ǶֻоŲ㣬ҲҶľŲ㣬ʵϱö࣬ȻôܽСǡأ
ʵϵ»ڲǳԳƵһС磬νľŲ㣬ʵǵ»һŲ㱦
ڱΧһ¥н̻Ի͵Ĺ԰Сӡɭ֣һȱ
֮ľͱӡһڲӡֻ»ǵ˲ܴ򿪡
ȻѪѪħ׵壬ȻҲԴ򿪷ӡǲٿص»ǡ
ѾﵽλԲ磬֮ĶѾûôˣһֱġ
ȴǱҶ졣
ûж룬Ҷ򿪷ӡ֮󣬱һͷ˽ȥ
λ׵֮ģҶϤϢʱ֪֮ĵĵȼ˹õһ
֮ĲռĻôλ׼֮ģѾûжˡ
ڰȴôܴ
£Ҷ֮ĵܹܵԼڲϵܿλ׾硣
Ӧÿ֧ˡ
ҶһԼʱЩϲ
Ȼͬλ׼֮ģһ֮ģԱ˹õǸǿˡ
ȻλѪħɱλףλ֮УҲǷǳǿһλ
˿˷ѣҶſλ׼꣬߶Լ츳ʼڰ
ԭЩɬѶĺڰ򣬴˿ȴԵü򵥶ˡ
˵ǰҶƸһɽôڣֻǸһɴ·ǰٶȣҲͿˡ
Ҳ׼ǿߣѾԲľ磬ʼˡ
ԣҶ׼꣬Ȼǳ졣


1279 
׼֮Ҷڰǳɣ֪һʱȥˣһգۡ
ʱΪѾλ۷徳硣
ʮ꣬Ϻڰ֮ĵİۿһ״ԲǿߣŴλڽλڣû뵽νһʱ䣬һΣ治֮İ
Ҷ컺۾˷ܡ
񾳽磬ʮꡢʮꡢϰܹһ㣬ǾѾˡ
֮ĵİҶһһΣֱ˼飬ѹõ֮ġ
ϧ̫֮ˣҶҪãټʵǿ󣬷Ҳõ֮ġ
ʱ䣬ӦÿԲ磬ֻҪԲ磬ôλҪ˶á
ûм̾Ҷ۾ڰ
׼֮Ȼǿ󣬵Ǻڰǰ󣬺ޱߣײҲҪһЩʱġ
Ҷֻλ񾳽磬Ĳָĺڰ򣬷Ļλ׼֮ģλİͺСˣλİǺԲơ
ʱţҶ֮Ҳڿʼ
Ͼ׼֮֮ͨģʱţ֮ĵҲ𽥼٣Ҷ֮Ҳ𽥼
ȵ֮֮ĵ㳹ˡ
ҶʱѾλԲ磬ԤֻҪһܹ꣬ɵؽλ񾳽硣
һҶ˵Ѿʲôˡ
Ҷǳ˷ܣִɲʲôʱеģеһӶܵõ
ȵλȥ֮Ҫ˶ҾͿ뿪ʥˣʦҲû뵽ôɡҶ찵뵽
Щڴ
Ϊŷ۾˵뿪ʥ֮ʱһλ׼ǲһλ׼һס
ˡ·ȵȣȫ档
һλλ״ԲǿҲòóҲҪۺܾá
ҶԴȻʮڴ
ˣϲΪСͻȻڲԶЦ˵
Ϊ»ǵ飬Ҷص˲䣬ܸӦˡ
ţҶ˵ͷ漴ͨ»ǣӳȥ
ڵ»ǵİ£Ҷܹ鿴ķΧ࣬׼һλ޷쵽»ǵ̽ӡ
ԣھŻȺ˺֪£ҶѾǵ
һˣЩһﻹġҶɨŻӡսħߵȺλ񣬲ɵһЦ
ˣҪҪȥǣС飬ȻҲܹܵŻǡ
ˣҶҡҡͷԵ»ȥԸһȺͨλ񣬼ֱǴСá
ңͨղŵ̽飬Ҷ췢Ⱥλ֮УֻλڵǿߣʣµĴλںͳڵģڵʵûҪ»֮֡
ӵ飬ܹؾ;أԺ˹ؼʱ̣ܱסһ
һƣһᣬҶǷǳġ
ңѪڣһҪǣ˵֮䣬ҶѾ˵ھŲ㡣
Ѫ̧ͷҶ죬Щˬ˵Ѿ˵»ǣ֮ġ
ѪҲҪ⸱飬ʹȥǸŻӣѪħô̲꣬סҪȥ˰ɡҶЦ˵
Ȼ֪ѪвˬϾ»ǣ֮ģɶѪġ
ѪҪܲٿص»ǣϧڵ»ǱҶˣѪҲ޷ٿˡ
׼ǿʧȥһ۰죬οѪ񻹲ס
Ŷ
ѪüͷһҶ˵Ĳ˵ںôԪˣͲͷˡ
ܹȥһ˵ǳ
㻹ϻʲôϽ߰ɣѪ񵱼˵
⸱ӿѪħףΪ˱ӣҿ㻹ǻ·ӰɡҶЦ˵
ѪҲıϣԵ˵ͷ漴ξͿʼģҲʼı䣬һ׵׳ǳһסȫµĵɫۡ
ӣȻ䵭ɫۣҶ첻
СôϻѪһת˳ȥ
˺ܿʹӵ»ǵĳзɳˣҶ첢ûм»ǣɨΧĻһۡ
ΧЩȻܶ࣬ΪҶ˵»ǣǵˣǶҳҶ졣
Сӣ㻹鷳һôˡѪɨΧĻһۣλԲΪЩͨλôù
Ѫ˷ܡ
ΪȺ֮п˾ŻӺħսˡ
⵹÷ѹȥѰˡ
Ѫ񣬳ǸŻӣĽԸҶ˵
ŶȷѪȵؿҶ죬˵ȻΪ˴Բ磬츳սӦ൱λڣʲôʵҲֻﵽλڣЩ˵пλڵǿߡ
ȷλڣҲ㹻ˡҶŵ˵켶ţԽ˼
ԣλԲӵſλڵս
ֻʵ
Ļ㣬˵
ҶӵеĹѪӵŽ۷壬λ
ѾѪħЩˣУҲֻ죬⼸λǿ
Ҷ϶⼸λǿֻ߽ף಻ᳬ˽ס
ҶսҲǰ˽׵ģа˽׵ս
ʷʹҶ춼ǿЩλǿߡ
ӮҶ컹ʲô켶š
СӣȻţҾͿϷɡѪЦ˵ҲʶһҶʵϾҶһš
ܹŷ۾ִ￴أ϶в֮Ѫ񰵰뵽
˽̸֮ʱڻ֮еľŻӵˣҲͷҶǡ
ţˣ
Сӣ
֮УһľŻӣ̾ͷҶ죬ʱ۾һɣЦ
СڳˣһΪҪãߣŻһЦţһ׼ȥ
ԱӦʳλǿ߰סļ򣬳Żӣ԰꣬Ǵ˿̾»Ǻܽһʧ֣Ǻܿܽ»ǣԻǵ뿪»һξ룬ٳ֡
ʧ֣ʵѵʧ֣Żһ㶡
ǰλڵǿߣӦʳеĵλүүӦۺ͸׶ѡ
Ҷ츳ٸߣĿǰҲλڡţԲ
ͻȻŻӷҶΪλԲ磬ʱɴ۾š
ΪôŹ˶ãѵʵʱڵ»п飬ΪŻɡ


1280 һ
ҶͻȻ¶ΪŻһ𾪺Ͳ˼顣
Ҫ֪ڵ»棬޷Ϊģס
Ͼ»Ҳֻϵǿ߲
ŻӼǵãǸʱҶλڣȴͻȻλ۷壬ֱӽλԲ硣
һ갡
ţҪλڽλԲ磬ҲҪϰ꣬Ǽꡣ
һ꣬˵˶ٷ
츳ٸߣҲô졣
һͨڰ˲õıȻͻƵڰ˲㡭Ż²ţԽ²⣬бԽˡ
һǵڰ˲ı
һȻͨ˵ڰ˲㣡
ԶڰеħսҲһ𺳡
ǱǴλΪ֮ǰ֪ҶΪԶλԲСһûжĹע
ЩλҲԹעһҶԱߵѪΪѪ¶ΪλڣȻǼװ
ϧѪı£Щһ
ԣҲֻ΢עһѪ񣬱㲻ںˡ
ǵȴѪҶ뿪»ǵڣ׼֡
Ҷȴǲ֪ЩԼˣŻǻûг֣ɵɻЩһôѵҪԼȳ𣿡
Сӣվڵ»֮Ҫ򲻹Ϳӽ»ǣʱֲܽڰ˲ϣȻûвҹƣ뿪һξ룬ٳ֡
ԭˣ
ҶȻ
Ѫ̤ն𣬳Żȥ
ŵȵǾ»һξʱ򣬾Ż۾ʱһɣ壬룬ǲ»ˡ
ǸλڵļһԸ˽СץȥץġŻӵ˵ճѪ
λڵǿߣûѪλڵļһ¶Ϣ֮̾ɱѪ
Ȼҳ֣ѪǳһĨ̵Ц
ȻѪħ֮壬ʵԸѪħײ˶٣ϾӵѪħ׵һм䡣
˸Ҷ֣ʱصɱ¾֮ġ
ܹҳһɱ飬ҲֵýˡѪųԼľŻ˵˵漴Ц
ŻӵŭԲѣһλڣһΣǰ
һı飬һԵҶ첻ҡҡͷֱ
ҶûŻĬˣΪŻѾһƱΧסˡ
ɣԹԸһӦʳɣүүҪ㡣ŻЦ
ȥ
ȻصӦʳһƳҵķҹҹĥꡣ
ŻӰ뵽гЦ
Ҷ첻òҲ֪һĶ뷨ߵӦʳүүүүվǰ𣿻õŻӦʳ
ǰүүˣŻһ㶣ǵҶЦݣʱӦ֪ԼҶˣˣɵŭЦܺãͷţ˰ϡ
µʮλںͳڵǿߣʱҶ졣
Щ˸ûҶֻǽҶΪһλڵǿߣһһҶ죬Цλض֣Сһ͹ˡ
ԶһЦݣһλԲһλڣľ̫ˡ
ǾŻ֪ҶĿֲ츳æѵСģһʵ
ϧѾˡ
ҶͲԴеˣڶԷгֵĴ֮ʱѾһˡ
һλڵļһĺڰ磬СңҶһЦ߶ֳ˽׵սףŽ۷ѪӵҲУŶһȥ
һҶû飬ȫȫ
ϵӡУռ͵رǹɿֲĵ⣬ͬǧֻأ˷ϯȥ
һƬıˡ
ôܣλڵǿΪҶһ˺ƣİ嶼նˣǿֲĻӵڽʣİ֮ƻš
˲䣬͸оԼʣµİҪŲסˡ

һĲҽУλڵǿߣǽʣİҲը
λڵǿߣİ¶˳ȥԶȥ
ߵ𣿡ҶһЦȻˣɲŹԷ
䣬ҶһѾ˳ȥ֮ǰĸӵѤãضһ֮ʧȥɫʡ
ס֣
ʱЩʣµǿѾӦ׷׳֣Ҷȥ
ʱʮ貵Ĺ⻪ƺһ㣬Ҷ쳹ûˡ
ȻҶƥһǽʧȥλǿ߸ˡ
Żӵɴ۾š
ǿλڵǿߣҶ߸С磬ȻҶ͸ˡ
ԽţҲûôԽġ
ʣµλҲ־ŭҲСҶ죬׷ʹȫ
ȻҶһӳʧɫػƣЩλĹȫסˣ㻹ʣһ㣬Ҳ޷սףӵ֮Ҷ졣
Ҷͷ·һ޵еսֳѪɫѪӵɫս棬Ե䲻
ŻӺµȺλǷ׷ɫ䣬г𾪺Ͳš
йսħսҲˡ
ǿ쿴ʱħָѪķ
˿ȥʱ۾ɵϴ
ǸﵽλڵľŻ壬ڳѪ֮󣬾ȻѪӥץСһɵץУƾôá
ؿõŻеĿ־
ߣһλ۷塭λԲŻӵĲҽд
һ̣һѪɫνûˣ궼ˡ
һλڵǿߣôɱˣһǷ֮䣬ɵĲˡ
ߣħߵǸѪħڵλǿƤһӲסеľ֣ץסħ壬㳯Զȥ
ʣµѪħǿߣҲˡ
սǱҲһȫˡ
ֻоŻӵ˱Ŵˣʵ޷ţһλԲСӾȻ¾ɱһλڵǿߡ
ǿ־ǣǵ죬һλڵǿߣȻ˸ɱˡ
ӦʳӦ۲Ӧӵеʵɣ
Żӿӣһλڵǿ˻ȻǱ·һ߳Ҷ죬һ߳ѪϣסǣŻĻᡣ
ŻӺܿͷӦҲˣҶһۣһݻû£Ҵˡ
ھŻӵܣҶû⣬ǼɱǰǼӦʳλǿߣΪ֪ŻӸ޷ӳѪġ
ȻѪ˻֣һѪɫʹϯȥŻڵӦʳǿȫץסˡ
ʵ̫ˡ


1281 Ѫʧ
ôܣŻֵͫؿŽߵѪ񣬻Ŵе˭ſңүүӦۣ
ȻѪɫĳȴǽסЩλȫסˣһ
ӦۣԼǰľŻӣѪüͷһʱǳһĨмЦݣʲô˵ֻӣǰҲ³
ûмϻھŻӾ־ĿУѪ˻֣˾Żӵ꣬ŽԼ֮У׼ᡣ
ӦʳЩλ򶼱һһɱ
ʣµļΧҶӦʳλǣѪĿֲʱս׷ɢ
ȻҶȴ׷ŹЩˡ
Ǻ۸𣿡ЩˣҶһЦֱӽС߶»ǣΧնѹסˡ
ЩλǶʱоյͣҲ޷˲ƣеٶȶ˼ޣ޷ӹҶ׷
Թ棡
»ǽ⼸λסҶʱֳѪӵɱȥΪսȻҪúôһһԼʵս
ʣ⼸λںλڵǿߣͲҶĶ֣һһնɱ
Դˣ˱ѪӡľŻ⣬Ӧʳǿȫˡ
ħսŸǿӹһ٣ҲҶѪûǷԵʣǣǸӲ
Сӣ츳˼ʰѪնɱֵҶ죬Ľ֮ɫ
Ȼʵʵͨ죬ҲףѣȴĽҶλ
ԭ׾磬Ҳֹֻλ׾磬Ҷ콫ﵽ״ԲǷ
ԶԶҶ죬¾ҪҶݺݵ˦Զˡ
Ѫˣңڿڳˣ˾ŻӣԪ֮ʱȻԽףӴڣ𡣡ҶЦ
Ѫҡҡͷ̾оԵĲڣǿףԪҲ˲١ʦŷ۾µʮλӣҲʮλʦ֣ʣ¶٣Ҳһ̣Ҫ㣬Ǹܴڵġ
Ҷ΢΢Ȼû뵽Ѫ񿴵ô͸
ȷҪ㣬ΪҲܡ
ĻҲͲôˡ
Ҳֻг棬ƻ磬㲻𡣡Ҷ찵뵽ͷϿյĻգг˺ڴ
ˣ
ѪҶ죬˵ҪȥŻˣƣҶɾͻ㣬ʱٴ뿪Ѫħ磬ص򡣡
û⣬ѾﵽλԲ磬Ҫ˶ñܹλ񾳽磬ʱĹ涨ҾҪųȥִԴһȥˡҶЦ
ãǾʹݱ𣡡Ѫ˵ͷҲ裬ʹžŻӣ˺գ뿪˴˵ء
λԲʵ»ǵĽգ޷˲ơ
λԲǿߵʵ𣿡Ҷͫ΢ĿѪ뿪ĵط̾ȻҴ߶λ׼գ޷赲
ҶҲףҪΪʵ̫޷ӳ»ǵֻҪѪûнףᱻ»ǽġ
뵽˴ҶʵӼˡ
ѾǿˣԽսλڵǿߣȴȻ⡣
Ϊ̫ˣҪλ񾳽磬ȻȥΪսҶ찵뵽
ȻʥԴؾЩڱȽϵͼؾЩѾǼΣյ磬ʶ͡
ԣҶλԼҲѡ˵ġ
ȻûʥǵĴظӹӾʣĻҲӵöࡣ
ԣҪλ񾳽磬λԲ磬ǵ뿪ʥǣصȥ
ȥϻĳǣûн޳ˡҶĿһ˵»ǣ˲뿪˴˵ء
뿪úһЩ飬е½½ؿƬǽĻء
ʣղŵǳս
ΪһսĶܴ󣬸ϻĳ龡ԸӦĿֲ֪ⳡսĽ֮ҶѪ˶ʱѪħ硣
ѪǿʵѪħĴ󳬼ɵѡ
Ǹ֪Ѫ˭Ҳ֪Ѫ
Ҷ죬Ҳû֪ɡ֣ȴ쳹Ѫħ硣
ΪħսҶ촳»ǵ߲㣬ڰ˲Ϣ˳ȥѪħ綼Ϊ𶯡
߲ĳɼѾǧŵһˣ˵֮ϵĵڰ˲㣬ֱ
ϢˣҶ治ѣ뿴Ѫħĵһš
ϧҲûҶ죬ΪҶҲ֪Լˣڽϻĳ֮ǰϢıò
Ҷֱһ¥ķֵꡣ
ӴҶĻǸٸʱѾʶıòҶˡ
ңҶ쵱õҲǼ֡
ãʲô԰ģٸǰҶ죬Цû뵽ǰˣֵѪħ綼зĵһšɡ
һǰﲼ񣬲֪ǵһ¥𣿡Ҷ˵գĶȡ˳ϾʱҲһЩ𣬷Ļ˼һƭġ
Ŷԭٸ𶩵ɵ΢΢һЦҶõǡ֣ǽ޳׻
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ٸϾ޳һݴ½ģһǶսѺͺѣеȻǳġ
Եȣٸ˵ձ۾ƺϵʲôˣ˺һ۾Щü˵Ǵ̽ϢһμѪ֮У˵ѪģȻһȥˣ֪ϢǷã𣿡
˵ʵЩϾûҵˡ
ȻѪӴڣҲҽѪģαϾĲãЩźϾһûɣǾͻǵһ¥һЩٻ
Ҷ첻ȡ֮ˣ֮ȻЩʧǵͷˣܹҵѪӣѾܲˣϾҲ֪Ѫǳֲλ񼶱ǿ߽ȥ
ǳл⣡ٸԶʱϲҼ˵Ȼ޷ȥ̽Ҫҵ˵䣬ǿȷԴӽѪ֮󣬱ҲûгԣжҪô棬Ҫôʲô
ҶĿһ˵ͷ˵ã֪ˡ
뿪һ¥ֵ֮Ҷ鿴һ½޳֮𣬷֮ûϨ˵޳û¡
Ҷ찵˿


1282 ҹ
뿪ϻĳǣҶֱ˺ѿռ䳯Ѫ˲ƶȥѪ̫ҶҲ֪￪ʼѰҽ޳ֻҸطȥˡ
ԽǾѪԽԽܸܵǹɿֲ籩ŭ֮еĴ󺣣಻ӿ˸е궼ڲ
λ׼⼸Ѿжˣ֮ϣҲֻ׼ѡ
ò˵Ѫħ׵ܹӵѪӣ˲á
Ѫλ㲻öģѪħ׵Ͼֻһλףܹӵ¶걦䣬Ӷʹӵλ׵ս
ѪԵõˣʱҲܹʹˡ
Ѫ֮УܵΧǲӿİƣҶ𾪵ͬʱҲ˾ϲ
ΪѪӦãֱԪ
ȻǿҶĿǰΪ߶ѣֻܷӳһҲɿֲĻ֮Խɱ˸Ƶġ
ӵҲ˼ʵģһЩ׼ǿ߶̲סᣬҶӵŷ۾ӵݶС
ȻҶҲֻ׼ƣڹؼʱõġ
¡¡
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ѪӵˮͱˮͬҲѪһ֣˵Ѫħ׵ɱ¾飬ףġ
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ЩѪ֮жǿɷϾǰѪħɱԹɷһħ
񣬶ѵֵѪѪ
Ѫӿ޾ɷԼԼԿõ¶һǿ飬ס
һŭң񱩡еĸǵչ֣ǰѪ֮еκ鶼Ѫħס
һɷҶ꣬ӴԪ񶼸ܵ𵴡
Ѫиص㣬ԽǿܵĳԽǿҡ
׽ĻôѪһ˲չֳɷƶɱҶֿλڵǿˡ
ܵЩɷʱҶȴ¶ϲ֮ɫ
Щɷֲ̫ˣҶ־ҵԪ֮һ걦ҲࡣҶϲɫ
Ѫ걦ֻ֮ǴԿһ㣬Ͼʱ֮ģûʱ걦䡣
ң걦̫嫣ŷ۾ռ䶼ҪҪҶ츳ҲҪʱС
걦Ĺ֮ԽǿԽס
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ңǿˣʹǳӲ㱻˻ٵ壬ܲ
֮ĺôкܶࡣ
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Ҫѹ֮ʹ̻Ϊ𵤣Ȼû֮ȴʹı
ͺһɢɳȲһӲʯͷ
ʵı仯
ȻҪ𵤣ʱǲܵģҶ츳ҲҪʱ۲С
ʱҶֻǽ걦еĹһ죬֮Ҳ˺ܶ࣬Ҫ۳𵤣Ҫ֪¡
ѾҶǳϲ
ĹҶ찵̾һ漴ЩǿףֻǿԼ꣬ûҪıʡ
׼ǿߣͨ飬ǵ걾ֻͬ׼ǿߵ꣬ҪԶԶǿͨѡ
ͺñȴСӣװˮͬģֻĶٲͬѡ
걦䣬ȴǿԼ걾ʣҪ
Ҷһһ߳˼š
Ȼſʼ걦䣬ܹоĳƺ걦ص֮Ĺͳ֮·
ϧͳ֮·ȴǱɹֹ
ҶӸо̺Ĵˡ
ţ
ɱ
ͻȻ֮еҶ죬͵۾
ڴʱһѪɫĳǹԱߵնҶһĽɫѪ
ÿ죡
Ҷͫһ
ղһ˲䣬Ϊӵпռ䷨򣬲ŸܵԷ͵ϮĻ޷
˵˵
ڣָܵ˵ٶȣ̫ˡ
˲䣬Ҷףһǿɱ֡
Ҷ찵ɿǣ˵Ϊ̫ǿֻǱһλڵǿߡ
Ȼֻλ񣬵츳ȾŻӡսǲ٣ӳʵλڡ
Ҷ˼ʱ򣬶ԷּһǹһǹͬһѪɫ磬ϵػգҶ졣
˵Ĵɱֶ̫ˣҶ춼̾ѡ
ֻһͨλǿߣҶܻܿܶԷһޱȡ
ڣҶȴǱԷƵһæңֱԼչ¶ǿʵ֮󣬲𽥷̡
⻹ҶѪħ֮һαƵôǱɵĿԷһȫѪ֮УֳһѪɫǹ꣬ɫЩ԰ףĿޱȵĮû˿ĸ飬·ڵ֮е
ǰҹ
Ҷ˵
Ѫħ磬ܹսŻӡħ츳ţֻеһ¥ĳŰҹ
ңԷóɱһ˵
ֻҶЩȵǣҹΪѾﵽλڣħŻҪǿˡ
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ҶĻҹȻûκεı飬ɱҶ졣
˵ֻҪɱ˼ɣɲ͵죬ΪУǵԼ޵ֿܡ
ߣ
ҹˣҶһչֳԼǿ
貵ѪӵƲ񷣬ϵӡУռĿᴩѪħ磬һƬս
һ̣Ҷսûκصرһն˰ҹ壬ÿ죬Ѿױˡ
ۣ
ҹܵشɫӲ԰ˣȻûߣ޸壬ɱҶ졣
ҶһЦеѪӵһɿֲܳ˷ϯȥⷽضҪƵġ
ȻҹݺʵϾҶ죬Ҷ֮ȻǶ֡
СӣҪɱһڴʱҶ֮еһƱ貵Ĺâ漴Ѫ
Ҷüͷһ壬ֻ֣һҹ˫նˣٶȽش


1283 Ѫ
䣡
ٶܵҶĿֲһҶʱˣǰҹܵشɳȥɫӲҰˡ
ѪȻһ
ŶɫҰ׵İҹҶüͷ΢΢
ղҪѪҹˡ
뵽ԼڻǸѪں֮УûҪΪһѪħ͵Ѫ
£Ҷؿһ۰ҹһѪӵȥˡ
ҹҶıӰ԰׵¶һ˿ɻƺܲΪʲôҶŹ
һοҶʵȴܵСĴ
ϾǰѪħ磬츳ܹģҲ;ŻӡսħˣΪΪʵҲȻ
һΣҶһλԲȻԽöôǿ츳
ףɣ
ҹһһâ
Ҳֻ÷зɣôǿ츳
ѹֻȥһ¥˰ɱҶ졣
ҹɫ뿪ˡ
ӿѪӣٴλָƽ

һһ߸·Լ֮ҶſѪӵġ
ò˵Ѫʵ̫Ӵˣѹȫչ֮ʱסλ׼ĳǿߡ
ʱ䣬ҵ֮ԽԽʵˣ𵤻ԶҵûȥչһΡ
Ҷ찵뵽
漴Ҷ쳯ǰѪķȥ
ΪѪ֮ɢѪѹ̫ǿˣҶλڵǿߣЩѹˣ޷ڴ˲ƣֻܷС
ңеٶȣҲ˺ܶࡣ
ԣҶŻʱ䣬Ÿϵ
ѪӵķǳӴһкƬѪɫϵ񷣬һɹϯɷŨľ
Ҷһ·ž޴ѹǰ
䣡ͻȻԱߵѪ֮۳һѪɫӰצ˻Ҷ죬еһѪɫҫųҵħ⣬ݺݵҶ졣
Ѫ֮еѪ飬ˡ񡢲һѪӶڵ
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飬һѪһƬ⣬ܹ
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Ҷ컹ڲԶ۳ʮѪ飬ǳǿλ񼶱ǿߣȫɱ
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ҽ޳ģսġ
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һʵﵽλԲѪ飬ɢϢʵ̫ˣֱֲ
ڴʱǸλԲѪҲҶ죬һ˫ͫףʱ貵Ѫɫ˺;ա
䣡
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ȭͷݺݵײڵ»棬ʹ»Ƕڲǹʵʻγһֲĳ˷ϯȥ
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ҿе»ǣҶ찵ҡ
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ҶҲֻǿλڵǿ߿⣬κһλ۷ǿߣܹڻ֮ɱһλڵǿߡ
λԲǿߣǿɱλ۷弶ǿߡ
ΪԽǵ˺棬ÿһζо޴Ĳࡣ
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˵ѪӵѪħ׵м䣬ս顢սһӦȫֲ֪˶꣬ͬλԲȴǱǰѪǿˡ
ȻҶԺλԲ磬ô츳Ϊ棬ǿλԲ
䣡䣡䣡
˼ת֮䣬ҶѾ˵»ǵķ
ʱһҵĹ貵Ѫӡ
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ˣ»ǵķ״߶һЩǹ󷨾ͺѴ߶ˣڵʵ߶һ㣬ҲֻǺѪ࣬޷ɱǸϽɡС
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ǵҶʵǿһ㣬ﵽλ񾳽磬ôٴ߶»ǵĹ󷨣ҲܻλԲѪˡ
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ǸλԲѪŵ»ǣϵȭͷƺܲıҶߡ
ϧȻҶ޷ȫ߶»ǵķǵ»ǱļӲ̶ȣȴǸҪ߶ġ
˵һλԲһλףҪٵ»Ƕס
ȻûķĻֵѪ͸Ҳ˵Ҷ졣
ЩףǿԸŵ»ɱҶ죬Ե»ǲŻô󷨣ĸ


1284 һ

ڰǿѪˣҶŻ³һ¡
λԲǿߣ⼸Ҷǿһˣײεĳǿߡ
Ѫħ֮еõ˵»ǣ򣬼Ҷӵʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ҲλԲǿǰߡ
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е»ǵİΧðЩѪҲκβҶ죬һ·ֱײûһѪ
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Ҷ쾪ȵǣ֮ѪѪѾʧˣ·һƬԴһ㣬ƣкصĴأԼһڴϵ¥ǳ׳ۡ
û뵽ɷѪ֮УȻҲһƬԴѵðҶ첻ɵ̾漴гСѯʡ
Сҡҡͷ˵ҺѪȻѪħ׵Ǳ˴֪Ĳ࣬Ӧ˵Ѫ֪ңȴ˽ѪӣΪѪѪħǿҲֻѪħײ˽
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Ѫ֮еʱ򣬿ѾʼˣȻѾִﵽ˺֮ôΣյĿҪˡѪ¶Ц֮ɫԵЩֻ
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ͺһˣһӷϻͯһӡ
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ʯںˣȴǵõһһδ֪սʯ˷ǳ档


1285 
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ҶϸĶµʯּʱһǳսԽԽ˷ܡ
սһ꣬һַǳĻսһɹֻҪһۣ˵Ϊͻ½һ꣬½ͬղŵҶһ
ҲԼΪ½λ񾳽磬϶ǻ󡣡Ҷ찵뵽漴ȥ
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ֻҪѧսҾ绢ˡҶ˷ܵ
ǣ֮УҶͿʼʯս
걦ΪǳףνĻֻļеĻ֮
Ҷļ˵ǳļ򵥣ͺһȥԾȻࡣ
ʮʱ䣬Ҷս
ͬʱѾƽ⣬ҶָԭȵλԲ硣
һ꣡ҶʩչһԼɵսʱֻ۾˰ɫεĹȥǰһƬնסˡ
ֻΪûСˡҶҲ֪ԼսΡ
ҶţԼ걦սԲ
üѰҽ޳ˡ
뿪˹ҶΧεǿһʯսԼ֮ˡ
ʱҶ췢֣ΧĻѾʧˣƺûǿʯѾһַΧˡ
Ҷ첻ɵûʱ̽һ£һ󷨣֮ǰǿʯۣԳһƬҶ֮ʱܵ˹
䣡
ȻԶĹ͵ըһߴӰͷɢش˳
Ҿ֪ǻȫǼٵģҵΪλ񾳽硣һλڵǿߣ֪ˣЩ־ˣ˿һʱޱȷ
ţ
λһ漴Ҷ죬ɵĿת˹ЩȵЦλ񣬾ȻܹߵСӽʲô֣
δ䣬ѾҶǰԶ˫տտضҶ졣
Ҷɨһ£˵֮ǰ²ʶ
֮ߺߣСӣϷúϻܹߵƾСӵʵ϶õʲôǿıȰСӻǹԹԽϷã˵һλЦ
ҽᣬѪ֮Уǳ
ѪħطҲǷǳġ
ϾѪħıޣܶ඼ѾãʣµҪбǾֻˡ
ҪҶⱬ䡣
ôϷ֣ƾСλΪǰλܵҶе⣬ɵЦһǿλ͵ͷſҶ
һ꣡Ҷɲϲľ棬ǰλöԷһԼѧս
һ귢Ҷ˫ʱ˱ɫεĹǰ֣ǰλ档

ôҵΪ
ǰλʱɴ۾ŵغôᡭҵΪҵΪôڳ䡭
ҶǶʱһĨЦݣλΪû½ǹλȻڣǶԷԼȴоԼΪ½
Ҷ֪ԷѾˣڻ֮С
ô䵽ˣλ񣬰ǰλ֣̿ˡ
񣿾Ȼõ˵񾳽磬֮ǰҶλ񾳽磬ҵ̫Ļõ˵˾綼С
Ҷգһȭλ
䣡λ񿴵Ҷ֣Ȼ־ܣҲҶ칥ӳȻֻλ񾳽硣
Ҷ춼о˼顣
Էλʵӳȴֻλ񼶱ս̫ˡ
¡¡
ǰλҶɳȥ嶼ѷ죬˶ѿˡ
ôҾȻһλ񶼴򲻹־ŭŵشţתܡ
ߣˣҶһֱ񷣬еѪӵɹâһݺݵ貵ĵâգֱնеλ

λҽһܵش嶼鿪ˡ
ΪĴ̼λҲƳһĻΪָλ񾳽硣
Ȼǻ󣡡λ񾪽һȻƳ˻󣬵ȴûиˣΪʱ˵̫ˣͲҶĶ֡
ңѾղŵĻƵˣﻹҼҶսܡ
ҶȻߣһϵӡ˳Ѫӵ֮Уռһٷֲĵ񷣬档
ͣ
ѪӶڶһƬƬ顣
Զֻܿһ貵Ѫɫ磬Ѫ֮жǳҫ۶ĿλûԷλ񶼱ݻˡ
ȻϴҲܹɱλڵǿߣȴûôףôսҶ콫λı󣬶ʱ˷ܲѡ
ȻڵʵѾӽλڵǿߣҪôնɱһλλڵǿߣȴǷǳѡ
һ֮ˡ
ʱҶãԼԻɱλڵǿˡ
λ۷ǿߣҲδزһս
λ۷ǿǳǿ󣬹ƾһҲܿͻָ
λ񾳽֮Խ󣬱˴˵ĲԽ
λ۷徳ǿߣɱλڵǿߣʵ̫ˡ
ȻѾλԲ磬Ҫ˶þܽλ񾳽磬ʱԺλ۷弶ǿ߿⡣
Ҷŵ˵


1286 
λĶ΢һ£ֲûʲôֵעıҶǰǰ
ҶƬֿһЩ񣬲һ֮㼱æӳ
ȻҲм۵Ҷ鷳·һ
ôһ·ֱײҶѪӵĸûЩƯ¥ΰĹһƬưܵż
ƺʲôսﵽǲкһϬĽܱȥʵʻĽ⣬ռε
Ȼֵط
ҶЩȣ΢΢Ƭ̣̤ǰһץһϬĽ
䣡貵Ĺ⻪µʱӵձ飬Ҷƶڲ
֮ǿҶ΢΢Ծ
һѾﵽλھˣôĽһλ
Ҷ첻ɵþ̾
ңҶ컹Խ棬ĽԽ
ģҶҲ޷ֵų»ǣһŵ»ǵķɶˡ
ǰһϬĽϵغڵ»棬Ǹκβλ
»ʵؼӲ㲻߶ǷҲǷǳǿġ
ţǡͻȻҶ쿴Զǰһߴİɽ壬ɽķ嶥ϣϥһϤӰ
ǽ޳
ֱ͵ɽ壬ͬ񽣣¶â
Ȼһɽ壬֪ʲʲôնˣֻʣ°ء
ʱ޳ϥڷ嶥˫գѾ֪˶ˡ
ΧЩһ޳壬ͬһ㣬һɫס޳壬ס壬ӶЩɱ
һʲôҶ첻ɵüͷ
걦֮Ҷǿ٣ʱͨԸӦ޳ڵ״̬Щ
ȻǵɫԻ壬ǽ޳ҲǳأһϣҶҲ޷ܡ
ûǵɫԻ壬½޳˲ˡ
ǽ޳ڵ״̬ڸʲôֺʲô֮УҶҲԴһʲôԣ޳ˡ
ҶҲЩ޳塣
ȵȵȿɣ
Ҷ쿼Ƭ̣ڴ˵صȴ޳ѣ˳Լ걦䡣
Ͼ޳ĺѣƾ޳Ҳġ
ңѪ֮ɷˣʺ϶꣬걦ʲˡ
Ҷųһ۲콣޳ʼ걦䡣
ʱôһţ޳ʼûʲô仯Ҷ죬ڲϵ£һǿҲһʵ
ǧ֮ҶоԼģƺʲôʵĹâ·ڵ̫¶һԡ
Ҷʱϲ֪𵤵Ԥס
ͺ̫ǰâȾһ
Ȼ⻹ҪҶ
ҶСӣ
һ죬ѪĻͨƴ
Ҷ첻ɵֹͣͨѯʵѪǰĶ𣿡
ǧˣɣϷˡѪԵúܿģ漴Ц˵ԺʲôǰˣϷŻӣΪѾ½λھˣʵˡ
ȻѪ츳ҾḻóֶܶΡѪҶ츳֪ҶĿֲս֪ԼʵҶ졣
ȻΪ½ˣڣľ飬һҿˣò˶þͻᳬԽҡҶЦ
ѪȻʧȥΪǿȻλԲġңѪ걦䣬Ѿ𵤣¿һˡ
ǿо򣬾ͺЩѧоԾһȻɺܶࡣ
ңѪ֮ǰѾԲ磬Ȼɣǰߵ·ˡ
Ҷţ಻ʮ꣬ѪָܹλԲΪ
С˵ĶԡѪЩ԰˵ʮ꣬ΪȫָڵΪʵ̫ˣ׼ѪħһС뿪͵һȰɡ
ǰ׼ãҶʵ
ɣȻָλʵȥҲһЩԱʵѪ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ҪѪ֮걦䣬ҲҪꡣ
СӵǴѪ֮걦䣬ٶȵȷܶ࣬Сӵ츳ٹ꣬ܽˣʱٲٶȾͿˡѪЦ
ǺǣҶЦЦ漴뵽޳飬㽫޳ڵ˵ѪһһЩӰѪ
Ѫ֮Щȵ˵СӺǵõǸϽĴУͲõˣм꣬Ĵоͽˣʱ򲻽ΪǿʵҲǿҿѣĻСӾͿ԰ˡ
ϽʲôˣҶɻ
ѪЦˣѪħɱһףǴˡȻѪħѪɱȴ֮ǰ´Ѫ֮УѪħ׺ķһЩʱ䣬ҲܵõеġĶܿ죬ֱӳһ״ԲĳǿߣѪħ׸ɱˣϽĴбһֱѪ֮Уû뵽ôȥˣҵԼˣϽҲ޺ˡ
ԭˣҶʱȻ򣬲漴Щ˵ϽΪΰѴѪ֮Уѵ֪ڰѴиѪħԻŴˣҲܱѪħ˰ɣ
ѪԹЦ㵱Ͻǰ׳հѪħ׷ɱʱѾѶˣ֪϶նɱѪħף´У϶ѪħûĴС
Щʱ򣬾Ȼ뵽´СҶҡҡͷʱô뵽ôࡣ
Ѫ˵ǻ̫ԶˣǺķµõǿȻϣԴȥԼʱ򣬸ҪҸӴȥѪħˣŪһ»С
ô˵ûΣˣҶʵ
Ѫ˵ͷ˵СӲõϽĴУұ֣Сӳһֵ״̬֮УĽƺǿֿµĽСǿµĵᲢˡ
˵ʵʶ޳Ľзǳ𾪡
ҶĵѾˣһǿĽ
ѪоԼôţϧû취ᣬЩİ
ǿ
Ҷйâһ
ƺ֪ʲô
һΣǽ޳ĴˣСԴԺ󣬿»һɳ죬ҪĹа֮ӡس硢׿ˡķǼ޵мˡ
һҪŬȻ޳׷ϣǾ̫ˡ
Ѫ֮ͨҶչ걦䡣
ʱѸš


1287 Զ
˵ʱֵǮˡ
ҶѪģһ걦ʱʱһһĹȥˡ
Ҷ۾ڵӾȻһӱ˰ɫ
Ȼ˵ѪҺǽɫģż˫Ҳ᷺Ž⣬Ǻġ
Ҷڣȴͫױ˰ɫҵЩɫâɢȥ֮Ȼǰɫԭɫˡ
ҶԴ˲û⣬걦䣬𵤵Ľ
𵤣ҵΣһЩ׻Ҫߣ״Բǿˡ
Ҷ찵˷ܡ
ֻ֪Σʵ
Ҫ֪֮У飬࣬иָޣԼ塣
壬ҲָߵͲȵġ
Щޣ壬һ飬еһ壬һס
ԣǵΣҲȼȻǲͬġ
һˡ
ȻһЩͼҲͨϵӶ߼
ܹͨΪ飬ܹΪףһϵؽ
ֽ֮ʱҲ˳Լʵ
Ҷ걦䣬ȴǿֱӽʣٶȻ˵㣬ȴûʵ
ֽʽиŵ㣬Ǳ˴˽ȴһֽ
Ҷڱˡ
ڵڰȴǱ֮ǰǧˣλʵ̫ˡҶ˫է䣬г˼˷ܡ
εԼӿͬʱҲˡ
ңҶܼ꣬ͨǿ
飬˵ǵһģֻͨΪٶ̫ˡ
ȻҲθߣ츳͸ߣͬа֮ӡسЩš
ǼЩţҪԼΣҲֻͨ
Ҷ죬Ѿ𵤣Լֱ֮ﵽԲ磬״Բǿߡ
ٸӣαһƿӣƿˮڣҶƿӱ࣬Ծװˮˡ
ҶʱŸܵ걦ĿֲԽ⣬ĹΪαΪɹ
Ȼ⣬Ҷ֪ԼһҪȥ
ΪŹǿ
ңŽ𵤣ֻ걦ĵһΡ
һΣѾ״ԲˣﵽڶΡ鵤Ӥأ
ǿȷףŷ۾ĲΣʥĲΣ
Ҷгڴ
ԼѪħ֮Уջ񣬱걦ˡ
ھҲռҲӿˡҶȡʮĿռʯۿжʱϲɫ
֮ǰۿʮĿʯͺһȻǿ⣬ȴ̫̫ˣҪȫ򣬿µȵԪҲܳɹ
ڣҶٴιۿȴֱ֮ǰࡣ
ߵĺôҶԣҲ౶
Ҷ֪ԼûҪʱķռ棬ϾҪǲڰ򣬳ɾס
ֻҪΪףԺʱ䣬ʱٲռҲ١
һȻûѣҶʯĿ⳯ŲԶĽ޳ȥ΢΢üͷ
˵Ѫħˣ֮ǰ޳Ѿʮ꣬ôȥˣ޳Ȼûɡ
Сӵʲô򣿡ҶҲ޳״̬ôʱ䣬ĶͬСɡ
ˣѾоСӿҪˡͻȻһϵҶС
˭Ҷ챻ͻһܿǿ߶˷̽ȥȴûзһӰ
ţ
Ҷ첻ɵüͷ
Ҫ֪ڵο״ԲǿߣȻСһЩλ׿¶Ӳ̽Ŷԡ
ˣϷѪӵ飬ԽѪϡǵϵٴ
ҶʱȻѹ̽鲻ԭԷѪӵ飬ܹ̽鵽Ź֡
Ҷ˼ʱǰ֮У۳һߵӰֺģͷ̣ܶȴѪɫģĿԵ÷ǳ䣬Ҷ΢ЦЦг˸ˡ
ԭѪǰˡҶ˵ͷԷȻֻһ飬Ͼλһ±Զˡ
ң׼ϵֻҪӵ飬Ѿܳˣȫ˵һˡ
ǰλѪϣ㹻ʯԼܷӳλ׼Ĺ
ֻϾ޷Ҳ޷ֻͨʯ߶Լ
ϷѾѪˣҶ԰ɣѪӵıԴֻҪ㽫ѪӵˡѪȻҶ⣬΢Ц̧ƣȡһѪɫĹâ
⡭ҶԶʱһ㶡
ȫ֮⣬ΪʲôŶԣϾѪ֮ǰҲ˵ˣû뵽ֻ˼꣬ѪӾԶˡ
Ҷһʱ䲻ţΪǻþ
Ȼ˱˰˵ϼһô꣬ôţôһСӣԶˣȻҲʱһϤӲԶ
ҶʱͷȥĿⲻɵһȻӦʳľŻӡ
ŻѾѪˣѪ
ѪҶ츳Ҹŷ۾ţ϶ΪеĶ֮һҲ״ԲǿߣܴνߴˮʹҲˣҲҫѪ΢Ц˵ѪĵһҲû⣬ϾѪӵ飬ѪһУͷˡ
һԵҶĿɿڴû뵽ѪȻĿġ
ѪѪŭҵֻʱСӶѣȵԪ͹ԹԻҡ
Ѫ񣬲Ϸ򿴲㣬Ȼ걦䣬Ѫħ׵һдУԺֹλס㣬ʵ̫ûǰ;ˡѪϲм˵
㡭Ѫ˵ˣȻԼˡ
Ѫɲܹң˼ѪԼ㡣ҶʱӦɵùЦ
Ѫӿɲͨλֵ̫ˡ
ҶԺΪףѪҲܹܴæ
ڳΪ֮ǰѪӣΪ
ҶȻԸԺ󻹸Ѫ
Сӣǵ˵õģɲܷڡѪŭҲЩˡ
һ»ںϾⶫֻλȻǶΪףôҲûжˡ
Ѫȴһǹ͵һλЩ״ԲǿߣʹõģҲһЩλѡ
ôѪҲҡ


1288 ǿ֮
ѪһܻӣҶ΢΢ЦѪɲҷڣϾѪǵģܲǿ˼ҰɡѪħ׵ƾʲôǿ˼أ
СӣǹӲţѪŭ
һԵѪߵѪ񣬱ˣֻһλѣϷҪ׾١˵ϷѾָˣ˭͸˭
㡭㡭Ѫɴ۾ŭ
¡¡ڴʱԶ޳ڵİɽ嶸ȻըѿһɰĽͬ嫺һ㣬ϯΧǧ
Ҷ˶ʱ𶯡
ǿĽ⣬ֱǰδѪһ֮ǰķŭ
һԵѪҲ֮ɫһţҶ㣬֮ǰѡˡ
ҶʱûǷϻΪڽ޳ͷϿգ۳һҵС
Ͻӡ
ҵϵӡһߵһˡҶ첻ɵøп֡
꣬޳Ϊռռ֮·ȴһֱ
񣬽޳ڳɹˡ
ϽӡѾ̤ռĴţ·ȻɼѣѾɹ·ˣֻҪּɡ
ռռ·ϣܹһּѣ޺ӣҶ漴Ц
䣡
Զ˺ѣɢ䣬Ѫӵض˺ѿ
ɿֲĽϢѪı񷣬Ѫħ硣
ʱһѪħĸ
ǿҵĽϢ
˽ỹƽһμ
־ĸϲġ
ѪħҪˡ

һǿ߶ܵǿĽϢ׷׳أѪħ
һӴ֮ײϢ
Ѫħ綼ڷˡ
Ѫġ
޳ʱѾ˫貵Ľâķ˲ֱӡ
˵ռǻ֮ôռǾâ
ǹɷϢľ·ڽ·Ƶġ
Ҷ죡
޳˿Ҳ˲ԶҶ졣
һȻ˶ʮ꣬ϲ㣬ϽӡˡҶЦ˵
޳Ҳ¶ЦݣֱϽӡ֪֮ΪʲôҶôǿ
˵ʱѾس硢а֮Щ޵мˣѾΪ켶ˡ
ҶڱȽ޳ǿģҲֻʣʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򣬻걦䷽ˡ
ȻҶԣҪȽ޳ǿһЩˡ
һ֮УҲֻн޳ӽˡ
ţΪͻȻ޳ҶλԲΪɵԾš
õϽ׵ĴУҲֻǽΪλ۷徳ѣҶȻѾﵽԲˣʱܽλˡ
ҲУҪ׷ңҪŬСҶЦ
޳Ȼ漴Ҷ죬սⱬȵȻڻ㣬ҵռɹһ¡
Ҳ뿴ռҶЦ
ԶѪϺѪһڴ֮ɫ
ռǿ
ռǿ
ǿ֮·һײˡ
棬¶Ԫѵһε顣
ֻ޳߶ϵӡ貵Ĺâ˳𣬻һ񽣣Ҷɱǹƥķâ˵궼ڲ
ͬʱҶ콫Ϊѹλ۷徳磬߶ϵӡɱ޳
֮ѹΪΪΪ۸޳д轣뵶Ǳս
ͬΪͬǿ֮۷һһѪӵײ
¡¡
𶯡
ռռǳʵ
ûжĽâŰ֮䣬ֻʣһһϽ⣬âϻųĳ
ԶѪϺѪɫһ䡣
ÿֲϢͬΪ磬һоɱˡѪɫЩѿ
ΪõѪħ׵ĴУӵѪħ׵һУҲһǿš
Ǻǰ˱ȴǲ̫Զˡ
Ѫϸпǧ֮УҲڴԪһɳȻ񻰡
䣡
Զ޳Ҷֿˡ
վǽ޳㣬Ҷһɳȥ
ⲻǽ޳ռռҶռ򣬱ϾҶһϵӡŷ۾ָ㡣
࣬Ŀǰ޷ֲġ
޳Ҳ֪⣬Ǹеǳ˷ܡ
ΪҶ죬Ѿû֮ǰ־ˣȻҶ죬ѾҶĵӣ֮Ȼڲ࣬ѾԿõˡ
а֮ǣ޳Ѿǰһˡ
д֮һͬ
޳һ£λѪѪħʶѡѪϣҲѪӵ飬ѾΪˡҶЦ
޳ԴһѪûжٹעһλѣֻҪţᣬѪѪӵ飬ѪӵǿǷǳġ
㻹ұõѪӡ޳ҡҡͷĽ֮ɫ
ҶڨڨһЦںʱѪϾͻ޳ˡ
˵ã˽޳ĴԵ
ǺǣҲõϽĴУ²ȱɡҶЦų⡣
޳˵ͷ˵õһһһ͵
Ѫħջ񣬽޳ǳ⡣
Ͻӡõһλ׵дС
Ҫ֪޳õϽдУҶֻõѪӺ͵»ǡ
Ͻλ׵бʯ౦ȫи˽޳
ңѪҶ춼ԶԶȲϽ޳
ѪħȻΣգǵջҲܴûаһˡҶЦ
˵Ѫħ֮Уǳ׵춨ǽǿ֮·
Ҷ죬ǽ޳ʵǴõˡ
ֻҪմﵽλԲˡ
߰ɣҵĻѾȼˣǸ뿪Ѫħˡ޳˵
ȵȣѪӡҶ˵
ѪӱԴҪһʱ䣬ֻнѪѪӣܽѪӴȥ
Կ϶ȵѪʧʱѪħ磬磬𶯰ɡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦѪʺͷŭԹĿУɵһȥѪˡ
޳գŸո۵Ͻ
ѪѪϵһϵȥˣϧѪϸѪѪǸû취
֮ҶѪӱԴ֮䣬ѪӶʧˣһɫ˿䡣
Ѫħ飬һˣͷϿյټѪӣȻƾʧˣǴûз顣


1289 ع
ѪӡȻʧˣ
찡
ۻ𣿡

һ죬ѪӵʧѪħ鶼𾪲ѡ
ѾϰƬѪɫĳӣͻȻ֮䣬Ѫʧˣȴ˶Щ
ǿ
ܶ˶ڻѪΪʧ
ȻҲ˾շѪӣǲ
Ϊǵӡ֮Уֻϵףշּ
κ׽Ѫħ硣
ѪΪʧأ
עΪѪħһţֱܾԺ󣬲Ҷ𣬶

ѪħĳڣҶͽ޳˳ԶӭϤӰ׺ס
޳
׿޳ʱ˿¶Цݡ
ǰõˡ޳ЩǸ˵
˰֣Ц˵ֻҪû¾ͺãóջܴ󣬾ȻѾﵽλ۷徳ˡ
ո˵꣬ͿһԵҶ졣
ҶλԲľ磬ȻҲλףʱһ㶣Щš
ȻﵽλԲ磡𾪵ؿҶ˵
״ʱҲҶΪ磬ͬǳ𾪣СٶҲ̫˰ɣŽãȻѾΪλˡ
λǰĸѪħ֮ջܴ󣡡ҶЦ
ҡҡͷѪħŲֹҶͽ޳ܹӵջˣȴֻҶͽ޳
зǳĽ츳ҲˣҲŨţضΪԽǵǿߡ
뿪ȥҲԶˣڴǵĳɳ˵գֵ߰ɣȻȥ˵
£˳һۣʥǳ
ڻȥ;УҶһһ߲鿴Լεջ
»Ǻ걦ѾϤˣʱһߡ
ǸոյõѪӣȻѾˣǾʲôܣȴûʱ䷢
ʱʥǻһٶʱ䣬ϤһѪӵá
Լ֮УҶųѪӣѪɫ˿ʱű鲼İѪӣѪɫĺˮգϵӿţһƬ졣
Ҷ죬ˮ֮ᣬԿ˸աˮ֮ʯԣѪӹһ壬λ֮УǷǳһ
ѪϻĻ£ѪӾҵعӿѪڶضڶ
ѪؿסˣĻҶͻᱻѪӸˡ
ֲҶ־ϲôǿ޷ȫ߶ҲԷӳֲĹ
ѪӵķѪٴ˵
ֻޱߵѪӽҶΪһѪɫıݣѪ·̳˽ᾧһ㣬ԵֵκεĹ
ԱߣѪϼ˵Ҷ죬Ȼֻλ񾳽磬壬൱λ壬ҲλټĿֲ츳߶ѪѾܹӲˣӦ൱һλǿߵĹڷλ֮УӦû˿ԴѪӵķȻʵĲǿѪӵҲ᲻ϵҪԼȥˡ
Ҷ˵ͷЩ˷ܵ˵û뵽Ѫӵķô
ͷںĻǷϾѪ֮ǲܾʹõģֻڹؼʱʹãԷǿ͸Ҫˡ
Ȼܹӵλ׼ĹҶҲǳˡ
ҶǳԼʵҲֻܷӳѪӵһ֮ǷҲֲ˶á
ȻҶֲȥԸףѪˡ
ңڰУǲ׼ǿ߱ȫصġ
Ѫ֮Ҷ㿪ʼڰΪ𵤣ڰٶȿˣЧҲˡ
ڵٶȣֻҪһ˳λˡҶ첻ɵࡣ
Ҫ֪û֮ǰҪһңܽλ񾳽硣
һٱ
걦ĿֲҶѪħ֮УõҪĶ걦ˣѪҲȲϡ
ԺҪ걦䣬ܹڶ磬ҵԻǿҶ찵뵽
һʱգۼҶһڻصʥǡ
պа֮ӳأҶͽ޳а֮ӵסݴ½ĺѣٴξۼһȾơ
Ҷͽ޳Ϊǣа֮𾪵ͬʱҲĽ
һҲ̫˰ɣϴδЩټʮĿޣǰôﵽλھ磬û뵽ǱԽˡа֮һЦ˵
޳΢΢ЦҪŬˣڱ˵׷Ҷ죬㲻ҪҲ׷ˡ
Ϊа֮ǿһΣټϽӡʵԶа֮ӡ
а֮ӿҶһۣҡҡͷ˵̬ǲ׷ˣʵ̫ˡ
ݴ½һ·ѹûгԽҶ죬ͷˡ
ң֪ԼҶĲԽԽ󣬾޳ڣоЩɲˡ
аܴ֮ģϾ޳һ֮е׵ģϷ硢ǶҪȽ޳ǿ
ǽ޳ڽ֮ȴǲϵͻƣǽǸ˦Զˡ
а֮ип֮ʱҲŷǿս⣬ξۻ֮󣬱ޣȡ׷Ͻ޳
ˣλǲ׼μڲȣа֮ͻȻʵ
ڲȣ޳ɻ˵漴ʼѯڲȡ
ҶȴѾ˽⣬Ц˵һڲȻʮ꣬ҹһھܽλˣʱҪųȥִˣûμһڲˡ
ã̬μڲȣҲûһˡˣһ¾ǽ޳ˡа֮˵
ʱ򣬽޳Ѿ˽ڲȣЩȵ˵û뵽ڲȣһЩһŲμӣЩˡϸλԲǿߣһЩˣʵǳǿ󣬵ǿԳûĥһ¡
а֮ȴǲмƲƲ죺ЩˡʥǲߣֱĿǳע޷ԪΪס
ˣǵʵȷοҪСĵ㣬ȻǼǾͶˡҶЦ
а֮һһȺûŵˣҼȥɡ
ˣѾ⣬λȥ֮󣬰еıﶼһΪԼҪĵرȻʵ
ϾЩˡʱ䳤λԲΪ磬츳ǲһ㣬ʵҲǳǿ
޳ţϾΪЩˡֻһ㣬ϽӡʵǶһҶˡ
ҾͲˣȽλ֮ҲҪݴ½ôȥˣҲ֪ݴ½չˡҶ̾
ȻͨҲעݴ½ǱϾûһˣܶණϾ޷˽⡣


1290 
޳а֮֮ҶصԼסݵȻչزڰ׼λ񾳽硣
ڲһõһ϶вٽڶ˵ǵ㽱ʲôھҪﵽλԲ磬Ȼ۱ǮԪʱ׾硣
Ҷ۾뵽
Ҳڱ˿ڲȵʱõһҵõʥǣкܶô޷⡣
ҶѾںЩˣ۹ŵúԶѾڿ׵ˡ
绪츳ܽףôⱲҲˣһͨλ׶硣
ֻгΪףӵԪܹԼ츳󻯣վ۷塣
ʥǹȻкܶôȥ洳ȴʺңϾԪʣµʱ䲻ˡ
Ҷ뵽
漴ʼ߶𵤣ȫڰ
Ϊ𵤵Եʣڲڰܿ죬ѾﵽλԲ磬Ҫλ񾳽磬һжˮɡ
һʮ֮Ҷɹλˡ
¡¡
һӴҶϱ漴ϯ
ݵһ𾪲ѡ
˲۾ȵؿҶס૵һٶ꣬Ȼͽλ񾳽ˣСӵ츳ȻңȻﵽλ۷弶츳ǿ°
Ҷλ񾳽֮Ѿλ۷ǿˡ
Ͼӵе壬ʱĽҲɱĸǿˡ
Ҫ֪൱׼ǿߣȻ
ͻƵλ񾳽磬ҵʵǿˣھλԲǿߣҲѪҲܹӦˡҶ˫է䣬˷ܲѡ
Ϊλλλ磬ÿһĲ࣬Ƿǳ޴ġ
ңÿһ磬һΡ
Ҷ죬ϲˡ׵ͻȻ
ԴҶ첢⣬Ͼ׾סݵͻȻԷ
ϲͻƣܼңһȺŮҲء
Ҷ˰֣Ц˵ҽλ񾳽磬뿪ʥǣǵѾˡôźЩʯǷ˰ɡ
ܼңһȺŮһһöռָҶȥȥˡ
Ͼ뿪ʥ֮ݵҲᱻ١
ЩźҶȻûҪˡ
ڵȵҶ´λŷ۾Ҷ֮󣬲ٴλصʥǡ
ĿǰҶʥǵУѾһ䡣
ɴ磬ȥʦ㡣Ҷ漴ס
ˬһЦ˵ʥô꣬Ҳ쵭ˣǸóȥˣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴ڳǷȥŷ۾ڵɽ塣
ͬʱҶҲԼͻƵϢ֪ͨܲ
н޳а֮ӵһںѡ
嶥ҶԼʦŷ۾
ŷ۾ĿһɨҶ죬ͷҶѾλ񾳽ˣû뵽ôͻˣ֮Уջܴ󡣴Ҳó˺ŨԺõĻԽࡣ
ʦ⣿ҶȻʵ
ݴ½ʱǱűʮ˹ˣԺϣӶʵһ
ֻʱΪôŨˡ
Ѿ֮У֮˵ȴҶɻˡ
ŷ۾˵˺ڤڤ֮е˷йҲ޷⣬֮еÿһ飬Լˡģ˭Ҳ޷ǿ󣬲ŨҲδǺ¡
ŶʦΪΣҶʱˣŨȻǺ£ôܣ
ŷ۾Ҷһۣ˵ʱû㹻ʵνҲͳ֮ء
ҶȻѡ
Ѫħ֮зǳΣգң㹻츳ʵҲͨ»ǵĿˣõ»ǡ
ңҪΪŷ۾λʦ壬ǸѪֱӶˡ
ЩȻܴ󣬵еΣҲܴ
˵ŨҲδǺ£վҪԼʵ
ˣѾλ񾳽磬Ǹóȥˡŷ۾˰֣˵ռΪʦѾռˣʣµ·ֻܿԼˡΪʦܹģֻˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ŷ۾ٴ˵öռָһλΪʦصΪƵģʺˡ
Ҷӹöռָûмڹۿŷ۾Ľ̻塣
뿪ʥǣҲΣգҶȻҴ⡣
סǸڵ㲻ؼڲռ򣬵Ƚ֮еʱռŷ۾ٴҶ졣
Ҷ˵ͷһȻĿǰҪ飬ǽס
һסҵӵϢѾ˳ȥز˵ģЩжǿ߻ûɱ㣬ǿ߱ҲҪԼСġŷ۾ɫ˵
Ҫ֪ôкܶŶǱжǿ߳ûɱҡ֮еġ
Щжǿһߴ̽Ϣһ߶ɱš
Ҷŷ۾ĵӣ͵һݣЩжǿ߲ϧһдҲҪնɱҶˡ
ҶΣա
ҶԴ˽⣬Ե˵ͷ˵ʦģһСĵġ
ʵŷ۾һλԤЩжǿ߰ɱҶģĻҶݺʵҪ
ȥɣΪʦ㰲źˣŵĹɽѾˣֱӴȥξˡŷ۾漴˰֣Ҷ㹪һȻɽȥЩʦִкˡ
λʦҲһҶ죬ҶСĵжǿߡ
صݵʱ޳а֮Ѿ˫˫׼ҶС
һԵ˵Ҷ죬Ѿյ߲֪ͨŵĵصǰɽҲĹ硣ְλҲִ֪
ţ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴޳а֮ӣЦһˣǿҪ
ҲãǵѹСܶˣǺǣа֮Ц˵
ŵĵصȻڰɽôݴ½ͽػˣտһЩˡ޳˵
Ҷ˵ͷ޳ȻûȢӣǽҵĺȴѾݴ½֦ɢҶˣһ塣
ңҶϴεõϢݴ½Ѿܶˣ񼶱ǿ߶
ټϰɽ۵չˣɽϵѾݴ½ĺ԰ǰɽֻܾݴ½֮¡
ٻˣʥǣ
ӱа֮뽣޳Ҷ׽ۣȻ뿪ʥǡ
ͬʱҶ뿪ϢҲ߲㴫Ѷ˺Ҷͬһǣس硢ķơ׿Щŵ֪£ǳĬ


ڶʮ 


1291 ӭ
Ҷ뿪ˣ
ЩҶͬһϢ󣬶ʱһˣЩš
ϾŹȥʮҵʱ䣬ǵеһЩ˻λڣҲʹﵽλڡ
ҶȻѾλ񾳽磬ֿµٶȣЩ־̾Ǿãһͬһʱǵı

ɶ񣡡
һ֮Уسս˫ȭɫѿ
ôҶ쵱֣ҪԽһֱŬƴ
ڣŷ֣ԼҶȫһεġ
ǻΪڲȶ׼ʱҶѾʲôڲȣֱӳȥˡ
س糤ô󣬻ǵһαӣȻվ۷帩ŵģҶ֮һֱѹš
سкܲʣģһҪԽҶ졣

ͬʱ׿˺ķ޵мţҲõϢǺõ㣬سôᣬҲ˲ʡ
ϾЩ޵мţһһ·޵У
˳ԽԶԶ˦Ȼˬ
ǣǶ񣬼Ŭ
ò˵Ҷ뿪ЩŵĴ̼ܴ
Щиţڵ֪Ҷ뿪Ϣ֮ҲӲ񣬼ޡ
ҲǵҪԽҶ죬ǲҶ˦̫ԶΪҶͬһţǾ̫ˡ
˵ЩһеľᣬҶʱѾ׵ۣ뿪ʥǡ
úƿռ䣬Ӱ档
Ҷ죬ǰǰɽˣǲӦǰɽִܲϢ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ԼִɽϢɽִܲ
ɽִܲյܲϢ֪ҶִһְʱյҶϢʱæ׼ҶľְʽһЩ߲æӭҶ졣
ɽִܲλڰɽ񶼣ҶִʱѾִõλȺˡ
λһһŮֱ˼ͷȣλԲǿߣɢһ˼ɵϢ
ҶĿһɨ΢΢Ȼ֪ͨλԲΪɢϢӽˡ
˼Ҷף
ȼҶף
˼ͷȿҶ״֮гæ
ףǹǺģϾףվ۷
ڶҶ칧ȴǱƵġ
ǱƵġ
˼ͷȶλԲǿߣǵ츳սԽԿһλס
ȴҪһλͷǻĲŹ֡
ҶִȨ
Ĺ涨ִִִõһУʵֻ֣Ͽɵ£ǲһȨҶһǹ
ԣ˼ͷȲŲòҶ칧
˵ҶһսĵһŶãȻͽλ񾳽ˣ츳õʲô˼ЩĽͼʡ
ߣ͵ɣԪµʱ䲻ˣҾͲԽףֻҪûнף츳ٸߣԺҲͺһаˬ
ǰҲţҲΪĳִʱҲҶһޡ
ûн׾磬ԣԪȥ֮Ȼʵǿ٣ԿףλȴԶԶȲס
ΪףλףҲнλ׵Ļᣬʱ䳤㡣
ЩλԲܹλѾǼˣҪλǸõ
ԣǵĵλȻЩס
λضҶĳէԺҪλҶ쿴ǰ˼ˣ΢Ц˵
ȻִȨܴûҪɵ˼ͷȡ
ǣ˵ʵϾҲԺõǿ㣬ԼĲ
ȻҶôһҲûʢ˵ӣ˼ͷȽǰ˿ҶҶӡҲ˺ܶࡣ
ǻȥϢɣľְʽѾźˣʲôʱʼ˼ʵ
Ҷǲ۶һ˵ºɣ
£˼ЩɻһЩΣǼſʼְʽӶǵλϾܶ˶ǰġ
ƬһЩ͵ˣҲӵһϵģ˼Щ졣
ҶľҲֲš
£˵ͷ˵ǣ»Ըȥġ
ţͷˡҶ˵ͷ漴Ȼ̧ͷǰѿһϤӰ߳ɢһĺƴϢ
ɽ
׵漴
ǰͻȻˣǰɽİɽۡ
ۣ˼ͷæ
ҶҶҲȴǱһԵ׸ֹˡ
ɽҶľٶһ漴æ˵Ҷϵܣɱִ۵λƽģԺǾƽơ
ȻˣǾСܾͼݴˡҶ˵ͷ֮ǰֻΪɽչ˲٣ôɽҲݴ½ǳչˣЩм
һԵʱЦŶҶ죬츳׵ģҽɾ;ԱҪߣԺףضû˸˵ʲôġ
ʵо仰û˵Ҷŷ۾ĵӣܹŷ۾ƽֻˣһʥǵʥһӶĴʼߡ
ˣ˭ŷ۾ƽ
ԣҲû˸ԳҶǰ
ҶϵܣҾִ֪ģԺʲôҪæģܺϸ˵ְڼ䣬ϸһȫġɽЦ˵
Ҷæллݴ磬ôҪлݴչǡ
Ǿݴ½ƺǣϾһ򣬲ٽݴ½
Ȼݴ½ˣȻһֱƺݴ½ϰˡ
ǺǣֻС飬㲻⡣ɽ۰˰֣漴˵Ϊףλ񾳽磬ҾְִѾɽǳ֮λ£ʱҸ˼̳УҲǽķչ
лݴ硣Ҷϲ˵
ɽǳƹɽϵֻɽϵеһѣɽǳְλԺǵķչ͸˳ˡ
Ҷ첻׼ԼϾְִλɽƽˣɽǵĳ֮λԼһ󱲰ɡ
Ҷ׼ݴ½һˣʲôɫĺ󱲣ɡ
ҲΪʲôҶѾְʽ֮ԭˣ׼ݴ½֮ٿʼְʽ


1292 
ÿÿ
ȫɢ
ɽ񶼣һս׵λſĴǽΧȺɢһһ˵Ĵ
ڲԶһλλʼҽЭæһɫλ񼶱˿þĲѡ
̫ԵˣôһƾʲôߣȺУһ̷Ȼ֮ɫ
ԱһƳһۣߵ׳գҲ˭ǿǻʼҽִ֮еһʿλ񣬶ӳλ񣬴ӳλ񣬾ųλ۷ǿߣĿɶһˣô϶Ϊӭ˵
̷Ȼݣɵ𾪵λҪô֮ǰһϢû¶
ӦòǣҪ׼٣Ǵ۾ҪԴǿӭˣȻлʼҾȴִΪҿ˰˳ִһ߲㡣˵
Աߵ˲ɵõ˵ͷҲˣǰάģҪִЩʼҽֻǴЭѡ
˵ǰɽִոΣĴ¾µˡһ߿˵Ŀ䣬ƲȴһλԼʶ㣬µ˵ݡ
ʱͬҲ˵ˣһţִܹҲϵĳţпš
һսǰɽĳҶ첻ȡ˵һϵţ˵һλΰĴΪˡһ˵
Աϳɵþʶ㣬һսͨ˳
һЦû˵ǿǰ
ʱҲǰ
Ȼѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬漴һӰ߳ҶͰɽۣףԼ˼ͷִø
ݼ
ݼ
Щִǣʱصϥأߺ
֪ڰɽεִ
ף˺Щ죿
찡ǰɽۣ۾Ȼǰȥӭˣ
ԣҶ죡ǰɽĳҶ졣
Ҷ죬û뵽ôͽλ񣬲ҳΪִˡ
̫˼ˡ

Ⱥ֮Уϴ
ʮȥˣҶڰɽû½˺ܶࡣ
ϾҶսȡõĳɾ̫ˣĿҪǶܡ
ʱҶϢɢΧʱ
ҶɨһΧȺ΢΢һЦ
ʱֻһ񼶱СٴιȴǵλȰɽ۵ִˡ
ҶϵܣȻȥˣºףΡɽЦ˵
ݴߣҶ˵ͷһԵҲɽ۵˵ͷ
ͣɽʱ˺գ뿪˴˵ء
񶼲󷨺ͽƣҲֻаɽۿ˺սŲƣ׶õġ
Ͼ󷨽ƶɽƿء
ĿͰɽȥҶ˼ͷȶ˵Ĵ£ǰִõܲפء
һִǰ·Χлʼҽά
ԵǣԶԶţͬӵһ߸ȽȽ̫
û뵽εִȻҶ죬ҵĺȺУĿҶԶȥĿһ뵽
漴Ⱥ뿪˴˵ء
񶼵Ľֵ˼Ȧȷû˸֮һͥԺȻͨܵһҡ
棬һѪɫľ޴ˮ˾ǣˮȻӳһſֲĹͬħаֲ
ݼѪħˣˮǰعڵϣݳǣ·ĤԼˡ
ˮħףʱɢаϢŨˡ
漴һɳ洫˳˺£
Ѫħˣ¸ոմ̽һϢǰɽִεȻһսĵһҶ죬ոյִ񶼡ΪѪħ֮ǰҶϢˡ˵
Ŷ
ˮħһ漴ЦȻҾ֪ǸҶǴӰɽ߳ţһţ϶ɽִֻû뵽ôͱųˣȻҪйעˡ
˵գħ׺Ȼ³һѪ״ϲɫ
ֻѪ壬һӾ˽ȥ漴ɫ죬Ƥ죬ɢһɹǿϢ
ҲʹڵϴϵϢԽԽǿ
䣡
ʱ֮һһǿϢϯȥ
λ񾳽磡վ˷ܡ
֮ǰλڣڣȴһλ񾳽硣
ҪǴû˻š
æ°ллѪħ˶͡
Ľͣˮħ׸߰˵ģֻҪΪ˰£ԺеĺôȥɣעҶ٣һϢѶˡ
ǣˡ
Ŀȥˮħ׶ʱ¶мЦЩ黹ǴһֻӲλķȻֻλ񾳽硣ҵѪעҪѪħΪҵѪħܡߣ򣿳ҪѪħ̲Ѫħġ
£ˮħҲȥʧ

ִõܲ
Ҷִ֮󣬱˼ͷ˵ǶȥæɣִõҪҪϤһϤ֮ǰһаİ¡
ǣ˼ͷ漴ˡ
ǵȷæϾִŷǳҪغİΣǸ˿и
һԵ׿˼ȥ֮󣬶Ҷ˵Ҷ죬εϢºܿͻϴˣʱЩжļϸҲ֪ǻƶİɱҪ׼
ɫ࣬أһ˿⡣
ΪҶ̫ˣΪŷ۾ĵӣЩжһ᲻ϧһдҪɱҶ졣
ʱ򣬱˵ҶΣգҲᱻ꼰㣬˵ҲΣա
ҶҲ֪˵ͷɫص˵ףһض㲻ҵĿ顣
׵ͷ˵ȻҲҪ̫ģǰɽ񶼣󷨺ͽƣһλҲɱ㡣ңÿһ򣬶ĸֻ߲Ҫһɱ㣬Լͻᱻĸ߲ɱ
Ҷ˵ͷҲ֪


1293 
ĴȻڰʥǺս֮Укܶǿصġ
ÿһλλ׼ǿÿһٸһλ״Բǿͬʱһλ׳ڸѲӡ
׼ǿٶȺܿ죬ЩףһõۣڸڣֻҪҪ̵ܶʱ䣬ܸϵκһط
жɱʱ٣ÿεж߻ɱĻֻһΣһδɱ֮󲻹ܲܳɹЩ밵ɱĵжǿ߶ᱻնɱ
һЩǿ߱նɱҪٷڶΰɱҪ׼ʱ䣬д۾ʹˡ
ŵŶԣŵʱҲ;һΰɱѡ
ϵţжҲֻᰲһδɱɳǿһ㣬׼һЩ
ϾЩжҪǰҲףҾ˹ˣҪעأһ¶٣ͱɡ
Ҫ֪֮УڵǳƽתȻ׼ǿ߿ԼϢֻҪһλ״߶һԼڵףԽǿףԽ̽ӡ
һжҪ׼ǿߴ͹ǻǲõġĿǰΪֹûһԼҲõ
ԣЩжǱ׼ǿߣֻдӰ֮й
ķȻǳͬʱӿ񱩣Ҳֻ׼ǿ߿Գܣͨλ񶼷ǳѡ
ĻҲܼ
ԣЩжǱףͨǶڰ֮УȻЩ鼶ļϸڸ֮лԾռ鱨Ȼƶִɱƻ
֮ʥ򣬲սأЩжҪսѾˣʥ׵̽飬͸ˡ
ԣЩ࣬ÿһδɱĴҲǳٶɱΣЩжҲ޷֧š
ңЩʵޣҲһλף⻹ǸǳصĴ۲ܻ
Щ״ԲǷףǵʵǿ󣬼ڰĻ棬ҲùЩǿߡ
ʵЩжףλףλ׵١
Щļ֮УЩжǿ߼ɱһλϵţҲֻʹλף漴
ֻЩܴ˵жɱ񣬱صעˣŻЩλ׵İɱ
λλף϶ǵжǱԣȻҲ밵ɱϵţҲǳ
ֻЩԪԳֵǿţ󼶵ţаٷ֮ٵļʳΪ״ԲкܴĿֲţŻּĵжǿ߳֡
Ҷ죬ݷǷƾŷ۾ӵݣѾ˵жİɱ񣬶ܸߣΪٷְٳΪ״ԲǿߵǱӣƶİɱ϶λ׼ǿ߳֡
ص˵
Ҷ˵ͷһ㣬˵Ҳ֪
ϾܹΪû˭ǰ׳ա
׼˵Ҳģ׼ЩλҪǲõģסǿߣȻµλףλף㷢һ
ֻλף޾塣Ҷŵ˵
е»ǣŷ۾λװѪӣλסλ۷ǿߣҪɱѣһɱ
һ޷һɱЩϹǿߣͻὫһɱˡ
һţϾŷ۾ܲģǵжҲ֪Ƕһǿߣ϶λס׳˵
Ҷ˵ͷжҲǰ׳գܹɹǿߣǻۿ϶ǳߣڴɱҲᱻɹˡ
ɱһҪ׼̫ˣһʧܺĴҲ̫ˣ֪ŷ۾ĵӣǱܴ󣬿ҲֻܶƶһΰɱƻеڶδɱᡣЦ˵
ڸҶ죬ֻҪһΰɱôͲ̫ڵˡ
Ҷ˵ͷǳЩжλҲ࣬ҲܰԴϣϾŵкܶ࣬񽯻ռ䷨ţҲǱжصעĶҶݷǷûбֳǿ츳֮ǰҲֻܵһδɱѡ
ֻһΣһδɱҶҲҴ⡣
Щж˾Ѿ֪ɽϢˣǿ϶ƶɱҵļƻˡҶ찵뵽
һԵ׼Ҷ˵ע˵Ҷ죬ǿ϶ֵֻλףЩλ׿϶ֳһԳЩǷӳλ׼ǿߵһ֮ڣҪ׼ȷشɱ㣬ǲõġԣǴɱ㣬ֻѡ֮⡣
ĿǰұڰɽڣŻȥҶ˵
׵˵ͷ˵ţֻҪڣͲصġˣϢɣĻͽˡ
ְ
Ҷ˵ͷȥһԵӣԼֳһ뿪ִܲǰ㳡׼ȥݴ½
ţôͳˣ
Ҷ뿪ִܲǰ㳡֮ʱȺУȴѾ
ͬʱѾҶٴѶȥˡ
ˣѶǱߺܿʹϢ
һˣظ
һˣ϶ǷᣬӡѶǱ߻ظ
˵ͷҲ֪ÿһϵţһλ׻ػҪǵı϶ֹһˡ
ңҶŸոΣְʽûпʼôܻ
ԣһҶͲµǷ
ѡȥ
ȻֻǷոξ϶ʲôҪ飬Ҳ˽һ£ҵĻࡣ˫ųҫ۵Ĺâ
ܹΪûǱ
ЩжĴûʱҶһͬеʱ䡣
£ԼһӣԼҶ߷һͬ͹ȥˡ
㳡ﲻԼ鶼УҶ죬ҲûзְڸԼ
ҶͨĴֱɽǵĴ㳡ȻֱͣӴ͵˶
ļλӡ

ȺУҶȥıӰüͷ΢΢漴̽
Ҷ죬
ԭˣγΪ̽ѡʱҶĿġ
ûз٣ѡ


1294 ˷
Ϊʵ̫ˣҶ֪ԼѾ˸ˣ˿Լص
һӶƽҲǷȥϾʵ̫ҶҲġ
ǷûйϵҲʧһʯѣҶڵңͲں
Ҷ磡
Ϊ״ϵõҶĴѶصſڣľѩ׻ŮѾȺڴˡ
ҶЦӭȥһһӵ
ǽصһ´档
Ҷ磬ҶڷչԽԽˣΪʵ̫ĿǰֻڶҶҵԽԽҲܼڶˡ׻Ҷ˵
ҶӵУҲֻ׻óˣľѩáǣֻ֪
Ҷ΢Цӵһ˼
ʮʱˣݴ½չ׳ˣҶҲչ׳ˡ
׳ֻ൱ݴ½ԵģɽǣҶҵǵʵĲһ
֮Ҷܹޣɽǳҵ񶼵Щ嶼Ҫ⽻ãⶼΪҶڡ
ҶҲһȺѣҶĺ֮ȻҲ˲ţǱϾʱ̣ܶҶĿǰֻλ񣬸οЩ
ҶļҲҶСҶĿǰҲֻһλѣ⻹Ҷ쾭ָ㣬ټ϶ָ㣬ԼܶԴѻġ
ĴҶʥҶ츳ͲԶˡ
ԣҶĿǰҲֻڶЩҶˣҲڶ
ҶҵʵȻô˿ȴԽԽ࣬ڶռݵĵҲȻԽԽࡣ
ԼһЩ߲㣬ΪҶĹϵȻ˵ʲô
ЩˣһֱĽʺˣҲʹöЩ˺ҶҾЩĦȻÿҶҶҶôӮˣ׻ȴ޷־á
Խ죬׻㽫¸Ҷˡ
֮Ҷ˵ͷ˵˵ĲǸÿǣϾҶҵ˿ԽԽ࣬ټڶ¾ͳΪҶҵˡ
Ҫ֪˿Խ࣬ԽǿҳΪ֮󣬸޾ԪҲʹҶҵ˿ԽԽࡣ
ϾҶҪԴԴûΣչ˳˿Ȼǳ¡
ȻҶֻҪһ仰Ϊ˽ƷҶ첻ˣҲûе۵ᶫ
ǰðɽ۰ɽǳλøˣ׼ûγ֮λȻҶҲԳûǨɽǣԺҶҷչĸҶ˵
׻ʱ˵̫ˡ
ɽǿҪȶö࣬ԺҶǳټҶִڣҶҷչľ͸˳ˡ
ңҶ컹׼ԺҶҵ񣬾ͽǰ񶼣Ͼʵļ׾ٵġ
ɽǳƹһְɽľӣҲǿҶҵսˣǨ飬ͻȥšȰź֮Ǿ񶼰ɣһۡԺǾסڼ飬ͷֽǰɣҴڣټɽǳλãҶѾҪˡҶ˵
׻˵ͷʵͲˣϾжĸЩڱֵģǲ֣ҲöǲӦ
ദһºҶͨĴ뿪˰ɽǰɽϵݴ½
١
ΪҶĹϵݴ½ͨɽĴѾͨˡ
Ϊݴ½ġǷҶ첻κ߽ݴ½ֻý㳡ܱߵļϡ
δͺҶ㿴Ϥݴ½
ڷݴ½;УҶȴɫһ䡣
λ񣿡Ҷɫ΢΢һ䡣
ڸղţֱһλ񼶱ǿߡ
Ҫ֪ݴ½ҶĴӪķȻҴ⡣
ռڵ֮ҶѾݴ½Χռڵ㣬˵Էһλ񣬾һЩλףùҶ졣
Ͼռ䷨Ҳ޷ͨ
ԣڶԷЩռڵʱҶһʱ֪ˡ
ӴҺܾˡҶһ߼ݴ½һг˼
ûŪԷĿ֮ǰݾߡ
ңһλ֮ͿȻû¡
ҶǶԷĿģ˵䱳󣬻ʲôˣʲô
ҲŸոջصɽȻͣظݴ½ȴһֱţҵִɽ񶼵ʱ򣬾ѾڼҸˡ
ҶĿ˸⡣
ԷôĻǵؼ϶⡣
ңжôģЩжˡ
ңҵ٣Աƶҵİɱ𣿡ҶЦЩжĶڿʼˡ
ϧǣԷ֪˿ռ䷨ȴҶơ
ݴ½֮Ҷ任Σʼݴ½Ѳݴ½Щķչ
ںλߣҶշץסնɱˡ
ΪҶ׼ٶԷӶҵжڰɽϳȻ˳ˮ㣬ץסһ㡣
һλ񣬾ɱˣЩжҲҳࡣ

ʮڶķչݴ½ı仯ǳ
ڵݴ½Ѿûˣǿľ칬ҲΪ˹ȥʽֻǱɽţΪιεʤء
ⲻǾ칬ˣȻȻؽɢˡ
ʮǰ칬ͽɢˣҶ˻عҶңŬչҶҡ
칬ǿߣҲعԵļ壬չԼļ塣
ݴ½ѾûȫһССļ
Ͼݴ½ԽԽ࣬Դ֧֮󣬻Ĺսʹݴ½ļԽԽˡ
ܶҶĵطΪʤˡ
ѧԺҶѧԺϿգϤĵطɵһп
˶ͨƵѧϿΣҲ͸ҪѧԺѧϰˡ
ѧԺѧԺ׻ѧԺȸѧԺĴԺΪʤء
ѧԺĹ㳡һҶľ޴⣬ΪߵĵطӰ
ǰҶԺסɽ壬ʾӣҲΪҪξ֮һ
ҶսĵطסĵطҶйϵģΪ㣬Ա߸һʯҶ¼Ĥݡ
ȻҶ죬޳а֮ӡϷЩţҲ˴ֻߵĻҶ졣
ѾΪݴ½˵еˡ
ûһˣеһжΪ˹ȥҶݴ½ѲһȦҶҴĺɽ
Ҷ˵ĽأȻѾûҶ˾סڴˣȴҶұķǳеһУҶ쵱
ҶҵԼСʱϲٲеõŵǸضеһжڣֻ˲ˡ
֮ǰҶг˼֮Ҷֻʣ¸п̾Ϣ
׺ɣ˷ǡ
Ҳǳ֮ҪԵĹ¶ɡ


1295 
׺ɣ˷ǡ
µ
㱼䣬Ҷ۾˾ôȻȻգɢŵĹΣȴûһ˿ɢΨһΧϯȥ
ʱ
ʱ䷨
Ҷһ̶ˣһ˿µİʱ䷨ҲһЩȴ벻ġ
Ҷ˫ת
û뵽Ȼˣһǹغʱ䷨ɱ޶ҪǿˡҶ־ϲ
ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨һ׶Բķֻ𼶱ǿ߲ܲ
ԣҶѾķ򣬵ʱ䣬Ҳ١
һζȴʱ䷨ǿ٣ľϲˡ
ţȻҽߣͻȻҶĿ⿴񷣬ǳһĨЦ
ĸӦ֮Уλݴ½ȻԷ٣ݴ½Χȫǿռڵ㣬ȻҶ졣
ߣһ
Ҷһݴ½ȥ׼뿪ݴ½
֪ԷǸģֻҪ뿪ݴ½ԷҲȻ뿪ϾԷ
ҶڲݾߣҪҵԷĴӪҵжڰɽܲܽһ򾡡
գҶһ߷ڵǿһͨϵס
ߵҶݴ½˳ʱһΪԼٱ¶ɵæ
Ҷڵ֮󣬾˿Ҷ档

񶼣ִܲ
Ҷı׵סٵס
֮΢΢Ƭ̣漴˵ݣֻύ㣬㣬һǵжɳӡ
ҿȫˣûһ˿ϢҶɻ
˹磿ȫԿ˹飬ǱħΪӣԷԷͬĵԷҲɱף顣Ц
ҶʱȻ
⣬ҲЩ֮ˣΪ˵õжĺôͻ򡣶ңж֮еһЩǿߣҲǿпһЩߣӶΪǰ¡ˣܹǱô˵
Ҷ˵ͷִĿģǰγЩӣҳЩжܲȻ
Ҷ죬Ƚ֮˵òڲѯʲôݣȻıױϾףḻܿҶıߡ
ҶæòڲҪ֪ܹ˶ƣҶ쵱һνɽעһעʱòҲ¼ϢȵȣЩ¼Ŀ档
ʱڲҶ췢òһԱȣϾҵ˸Ҷλݡ
ɽλ񡭡
ϢܿʹҶϣǳϸһЩѶгˣμӹһս
ɴ磬㿴Ҷ漴ʾϢ׹ۿ
Ŀһͷһɵ㣬˵Žλ񲻾ãһμӹһսԭλԲΪλ񲢲ѣһŵУҲֻôλһ̭ܹôλ񣿡
ȷܣǼҲ̫СˡҶͷͬҲɻ֮λʵ
صϢȴλ˵ɲŽλģа֮ӡ޳ֳŶûôλ񾳽磬Ҷ츳ȺҲǵõ˴ŵԽλ񾳽磬Ǹȥ츳ǲԶˣôôͽλ񾳽磿
ȫܡ
׳õһλ׵֮İ⼸ܣּ̫СˣԺԲơ
֮ı󣬷ǳϡ٣ολ׵֮ģλ׵֮Ҷ쵽ڶû
ɴ˼Щжǿ߰æˣҶĿһЩӲľ磬ɴ磬Ҳõɡ
Цңʦŷ۾ҲõⶫֻԼ˼ʵǿҲõġȴа취Էʵάԭ
Ҷоⱬ䣺ɴ磬˵ֻλľ磬ʵȴǱλ񼶱𡣡
ԣ׵˵ͷ˵Ͼֻ̽飬ûԳֻ֣Ϣжϳʵ
ֻʵûо磬һǰ׳𣿡ҶʱˣʵϾ磬Ǿ൱һСһѴ󵶣ͷֻ˵ԼԷٰ
ǿʵҲҪǿľԦС
ҲѪħѪѪħеֶΣǾַͨһЩ飬ȻΪǰ¡˵
Ҷɫһ䡣
ߴΪ˸ȺķչǸΪУԴ̡
ȴһУǾѪħ
ΪѪħͨѪҺʵЩѪħ鶼ֻǵʳ
ԣȻУһǾֻһ뿪
ˣڣɱľѪħǿߡ
׼ɱҵѪħǿߣҶɫѪħͷŴУȻС
׵˵ͷ˵ȲҪģʱķܲҵǵϳ⣬һ壬ǰȻǳȻԽһ򾡡
ҶԷ˷ۣҪնҲ֪Щжǿߣʼղðġ
ɴ˵ɡҶ漴˵ͷ
صԼӣҶϽԼ֮УȻϵѪϺѪ
ѪһҶ죬æչ˵ҶϵܣڽλǲѾ뿪ʥˣϽҳȥ
ôԪѪħ磬ͱﻵˣȻȥɵζ
ڰɽ񶼣ͷȥҶ˰֣漴Ѫ˵Ѫϣڽλ񾳽磬ȫѪӵķ֪ܹסλǿߵȫһ
֪ѪħǿҪɱҶ첻Ҵ⣬ĵƾѪӣѪӵķ
»ǵķȻҲϾֻλλ׶ֵס
Ѫħο϶λ׼ǿߣλףҲȻֳһԵĴɱԷӳλ׵ȫһ
ֲֿĹɲǵ»ǿԵֵġ
ǿɽܻĿֲ


1296 װ
λ׵ȫһ
ѪԶʱһЩؿҶ죬˵λףܰʦŷ۾λҲ㡣
Ͼ飬ȻѪħ׺ܾãǻȴûжߣֻ˵ǿȳ˶ѡ
һԵѪͲѪϡɵó׳գҶϵŷ۾ĵӣ츳֮ߣЩǱĵжǿߣͰΪждˡǰʥǣЩжǿκβҶϵܣҶϵܳˣЩжǿȻŹ
ҶԵ˵ͷ˵Ѫ˵ĲѾ˸ˣǶҵĴɱҪ˶á
ȷԷ𣿡Ѫɵúʵ
˳ѪħǿߣҶ
Ѫɫһ䣬˵ߴʵһһаʥڶıѪħʥѪħУαǶϣȻλ׼ǿߵİɱ
Ҷ˵ͷߴʵʲôܣͨܲ̽
쳣ǿѪħ֮⣬ʣµ򣬴ֻһʥʵıħħȻҲʥۺʵһ㣬ʵ׵Ͷ
һǣʵǴѳȥģȻŴʥֱ޵С
Ѫħʥǵ۾߼Ҳǳ࣬ͬʵǿ
ҶĵѪħǿʱѪ֪ҶΣˣѪħһ֣ǱȻһңҶݣ;˶Էݲ
Ҫ֪ŷ۾ߵǻ𵶵ޱǿ󣬶Ѿﵽ۾ļޣʥѾܽˣۺʵʵѾһЩڵʥˡ
ִ״ӣѪħ϶ὫΪжġ
ԭˣ
Ѫ֮ˣ漴ͿЦҡҡͷ˵֮ÿ඼ܴ󣬵Ѫħױﵽλ׵۷徳磬ټλ걦䣬ۺŽܹڵλסڲλ񾳽磬λ۷徳ǿߣϾ̫Զˣ˵ֵλ׵ȫһֵλ׵ȫһѡ
Ҷԣɫʱѿ
һԵѪ˵ͷ˵Ĳ֮ÿһλʵ඼ǳ󡣶ңܹΪ׵ģţЩλףܹﵽزģģҲǷۼš
Ҷ˵ͷһҲһˮ룬ܹΪ׵飬ֻţûӹš
𿴰ɽλ׾ôˣҲһʼţһǷʼ۷š
ŲһԳΪףǳΪ׵ģһš
û㹻츳㲻ߵôߵĵλ
գҶѵȫʩչѪӣλ׵ȫһҲ޷ס𣿡
ϵ»ǻԣȻ޷ȫ߶»ǣҿõѪЦ˵Ȼǰø㹻ʯϾǴ߶ѪӣǴ߶»ǣҪӴ޷ӵеġ
Ҷͷ
ǱȻģϾ׼õģȻޱӴ
Ҫ֪׵綼磬ܹ۵ֲ̫ˡ
λԲǿߵһСˮأô׼ǿߵ൱һƬ󺣣֮Ĳ޷ݡ
ӵ壬ҲҴﵽλԲʱӦýӽλˡҶ찵뵽
ҶϵܣҰĪֻףˡһԵѪ˵
Ҷ֪һҪųȥϾѪħô꣬Ҳȥˡ
£Ҷ˵ͷ۳һѪ񣬴뿪ִפء
Ҷ񶼵һҾ¥нѪ˳
ۣĿˬѪһͺݺݵغһڿ˷ܺͼ
ҶЩһոմӼﷸһ
ˣҶϵܣҾˣԺϵѪЦ
ûñҡҶߵѪǰԵԼѪˣϾ걦飬վһ̡
𰡣ҶϵܣҲһϵˣԺӦûŶԡѪٺЦ

ҶƲƲ죬ŲҪѪİݻǵλǱ츳ѪҪѪİ
ѪҲ֪ԼûмȤҶ˸кͶȥˡ

ִܲҶ챾ȻԼ֮УѪŷ顣
ûѪڣҶ콫ʦŷ۾͸һλҲ˳һо
ͣ
ȡҵĽɫâ͵ر쳣Ĵۡ
Ҷ۾һɣĿһɨʱˡ
üһһװ
սסѪս֡ȭסؼסͷѥȵȣһӦȫһ١
ʦǽһǿӲƳһ̫ˣλ۷弶һȫӳλ׳ڵˡһԵѪҲɴ۾𺳡
Ҷ˵ͷװмӳɵã
⣬壬ʹװ͸ӵӦˣܹӳ
£ҶıʹԼ֮Уʼ
ټѪӺ͵»ǵķֻҪǴﵽλ׵ĹͲܽһɱѪ˵
ȻˣҶ֪ΰɱԼѪħǿߣ϶չλ׵ĹϾҲ֪Լ׼
ȻҶҲǺܵģϾķֻĵơ
Լķ֮⣬ףû׼Ͼݲĸ߲㲻ôڵжǿ¡
Ҷ챾װʱȥݴ½ķҲżˡ
񶼣аɽ͸һ޴ĸۡۡһλɽүģүսۡ㱻ɽջˣҶع飬ɽ۱û͸
ִܲϾĲҵҶûǴǰۡ
ۡѾΪҶ
ҶֱӰ³˹ųΪҶĹܼңˣȻǴݴ½ģɲġ
źһУµҲˣִõλ˼ͷȣʼɽһЩǡ
ҶľְʽΪʱɽͷϷɽ̸̳飬һЩйϵģҸԼμⳡʢ
ȻɽĹٷ̳Ĺٷ̳ʱҲֱⳡʢ
ԭ
һ죬Ҷһ߷ڰУۿڵ۶˼ȦȻ͵͵뵽һԺ档


1297 ı
Դݴ½Ҷһֱ˿ռ䷨츳ǵ㱾µȻᷢ
ǻص֮һֱִܲţֱľְʽͻȻ뿪۵Ժӡ
Ҷ쳯ܿ˿񶼣Ƭĵشȴܶ࣬һЩߡ
ǵһݵˡҶ쿴ǰԺȴûмȥ
Ͼõ̫Ҳ޷滹֪ʲôǿһݾ߾ˡ
ҶˣʼԺӣѪħǿֻ߲һӣܷܿӣȻһһγ

ִܲ
ҶıȻװٴηֳһǰеĻ׵ķ
ʱѾǳˡ
һ԰ɽصĴ˷еǱֱеǷǰһ⣬һбʵĴ
ʮŻӵ
ʮү
᳤̻ܻ
ѪӶžŶӳ

һﵽ˼ͷλòԳȥӭӡ
̻ÿһһ᳤ܻƹǳص̻Щ᳤ܻλ׼ǿߣλҶִȻҪ˼ͷȥӭӡ
ѪӶţӶŵųǰɽǿߣÿһӳλԲǿߣͬλܸߡ
ЩӺүܹյģǰɽҵľӢλܸͬߡ
Ҷ߳ʱ˵Ŀⶼϡ
쿴ǾҶ죡
ᰡ
˵ҶŶʮ꣬һ񶼻ϰˣʮͳΪλ츳治󡣡
λֻľѣսƶһλˣû뵽ǰɽҲܹţǲ󰡣

У˶עŸ̨ϵҶ죬һš
һЩԼŮǣ˫ŵضҶ죬һҶۡ
һЩĽ֮ɫ
Ҷλ᳤̻̻ǰɽ᳤ܻ
ʱҶЩ
ܹȽܸҶԽӼģȻǺҶƽĴ
λ᳤̻һλףһȻףҶǰûʲô֮߰ɫЦǺǵסҶƣ˵Ҷڼ㱾ˣǳĳҡ
᳤̻ҲҶĳҡҶЦ˵
ȻӶ磬̻֮ľǳ󣬵ΪежĴڣĸ߲棬Ǵڽõģ˴˵ʵ
ϾܹΪ׵Ķǰ׳գǶǳһﷴڶĻͱˡ
ҶĵФ츳Ѿ̻ܲˡû뵽Ҷ츳Ⱥͽ᳤̻ܶЦ˵
ҶüͷһФ̻ܲ޵֪ˣǰľѩϢʱҶ컹Ȳѡ
̻ܲʥһҪޣ츳һģɴ˿ɼФ츳
λ᳤̻һˣǳעգҶЦ˵᳤̻ˣԺСӻҪ᳤̻ա
ҶģФţܲǷǳںģһص᳤̻˵ͷ
У̻ᱯˣÿһս󲿷ŶߣʣµҲѡӶ磬ֻٲѡ̻ᡣ
ˣ̻ԴǶǳںӶпĥţϾǵ٣ܲʧ
ͳ᳤̻һ̸֮ҶԶףʱһλڽ̸ţԱ߻аɽۡ
׿ҶɵЦҶϵܣһ£λפڰɽľųҶ࣬˵Ҳɣǻͬء
ҶԵúᣬӢ䣬Ʋ
Ҷ𾪵ǣ׸ղŸλҶҶųһλףʵ׻Ҫǿ
£Ҷæ˵Ҷų
Ҷ˰֣Ц˵ȻͬգҶĻһҶͺãҾͺһҶϵˡ
ҶĳҡҶЦ˵
ÿһפһţųλף»ʮλףԼλԲǿһλ۷ǿһά
ִһЩжټҪصפţȻЩɱȥ
ԣҶԺ󾭳ҪλҶų򽻵
Ҷϵܣ
ʱ׻˻֣ܲóһϣ漴˵ҸղѾѪħҪɱҶų˵ˣҲͬҵĴ㣬һȦףǰãһ򾡡
ֻһҶϵܿЩΣաһԵİɽЩɡ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵õİ취ҶϵԶڰɽڣȻܵǵİɱǰ׼Էϵռɱǿˡ
Ҷ˵Ĳû׼ʱǰɱ׼ãϵҶ˵
֪һǶ㲻ȥģ䱻˰ɱԼ
ҶϵܺõǣҶ̾һ漴ЦϵҲ̫ģղѾǵļƻתͳˣʱǵж
ҶԶʱ˲٣Ϊλͳһǿλס
ÿһᰲһפųλס
ÿʮǲһλЩΣͻ顣
ֹˣÿһǧ򣬻һλ״Բǿǲ󷽵ĳǿߣЩжǿֻܶڰ棬ҳ
ȻһλףѲӡ
λףҶҲʶһսߡü
ΪôǿЩжǱ߲ŻСĽÿγֻһΪȵڶʱǿ߱ѾϹˣʱǵĩա
ҶϵܣڲŸմʥǳʱǰź֪֮ͨ㡣Ҷ˵
ȦҲôõģϾЩǱǿ߶ǳҪϵһļƻС
ȻЩ׺ҶųȥˣҶ
ִõȻǼ˼ͷλҶҲֻӣѵҪʱЩ棿
Цɡ
ҪҶΪףǰִõ飬ҶֻҪʵɡ


1298 ´Ҵ
һЩɽĴһЩԵжǱߵ֮ҶľְʽһƬнˡ
һͼα֮Ҷȥˡ
ҶϵܣٵǸļһʲôջ񣿡ѯʵ
Ҷ˵ҵһƫƧԺӣƺǵľݵ֮һãܾܲһЩС㡣
ҡҡͷ˵ЩСˣץǡǸҲᡣ
ŶΪΣҶʱɻ
ȴ˵ЩС㱻ץҲûãʱѪħĵֿܶ࣬Ը𲻵ԷáִãʵΪѰЩС㣬ӶǣǴǸϢҵԺһ
Ҷˣ˵ͷ˵һһֱӣȻЩСϢִá
ţ֪ԺеС֮ͻԺӣܲץһ㡣һ˵ЩжǱ߱ǲģǶǶλһǱ꣬Ȼڰ档ҪҵģǸǱꡣ˵
ҶʱʵҵǸǱ꣬Ҫ
ֱ֪ͨҶųĹץЩжǱߡ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ
ȥ֮ҶıרװһһֱԺӡ
ʮ֮Ҷװ
װ
֮УҶһװԶشԼϣ䣬âǳĳҺ貣еҶͬһϵս
ǿĸо
Ҷбҵ⡣
װһϣ͸оĿֲһλ۷ǿߵװ£ѾﵽλԲ磬λ׳ˡ
ѪսҶоԼȫһӳλ۷ǿߵһˡ
û뵽װô»ǸһȾͲ̫ԶˣֻѪλʤһ
Ҷ찵˷ܵ뵽
˶ڵĵ͸ˡ
Źȥʮ꣬Ҷ绹û׼ãʱҶ漴һװȻ
һΣҶãһ걦䣬һݲڰ
Ϊǿ꣬ǿˣݲڰٶҲ͸ˡ
Ԫʱ䲻࣬ҶȻϣλԲ磬Ȼ۵̣Ϊλ׼

񶼣ٴԺӡ
ħٴθ֣Źɭɭ˵ְʽ֮ǸҶʲô
ѪħˣҶһֱڱչִõﶼıһֱûгֹ˵
óУһѪ⣬ѪħѪʼףһѪħѪħôͳ׳ΪѪħĿˡ
չҲԣԪҪˣּţ϶ҪץʱħԲɵüͷ
ҶһֱִܲôҪɱҶ죬ֻӲɽˡ
ɽλ۷ǿߣֱ侭ӪʮԪ񶼣Ѿ֪˶ٸǿ󷨡
һλףҲܳЩ󷨣˵ɽۡ
ңǿҲǳصģǵʱ٣»ûеȵǹưɽЩǿ߾ɱˣʱľˡ
ԣЩжǱߣһǲᰵɱڵţֻеȵЩ뿪ǲŻᶯ֡
ȻȥҶ죬ֻҪıһ뿪ɽ֪ͨ
ǣ
ȥ
ˮħ˳˼
Ĳˣ֪ҶСӾȻŷ۾״ӣѹֲôء
ŷ۾ǿǽӽʥΰյĵӣһ״ԲǿߡѾܶԪûյˣµӣҶ츳ǳһҪɱɱҡ֮УҶɳǾԻΪѪħĸ󻼡
ȵȵȿ͸ɽɱ̫ˣ㲮˳ҲҾͲһֱڰɽֻҪһ뿪ɽǾڡ

ˮУħ𽥵ȥ
Ѫħ򣬵ȼǳɭϣߵĵȼʼ棬Ѫħ磬Ҳʵǿ顣
ʼ֮ʥλϣʼ档
ȻһЩ۾ˣЩǺŷ۾һεǿߡ
۾֮£λӡС
Ǵף״Բǿߣλ۷ǿߣǴλס
ǱѪħǿߣǼλ
ֻѪħ򵽵Ǳ˶λһ㣬һֱûд̽
ϾЩص̫ˣһЩǿѰңҵĳ
ʷϣһЩѪħĲԳ֣ɱһЩ켶š
Ȼǵ³Ҳܲңǿɱ
ЩѪħĲ׳֣ϾǱλףʵޱǿҪǰɱ㣬ǳȷĽ϶ᳬԽǣǲŻᶯ֡
Ҷ졣
ŷ۾ǰÿһӣ󶼳Ϊ״Բϵǿߣиǳλĳǿߡ
ԣжĲһҶݣѾҪֶԸҶˡ

´Ҵңš
˵ʱֵǮģʱһչأǧꡣ
Ƕ˵ÿαչأҪʱ͸ˡ
Ҷһαչأķǧꡣ
ǧûҶλڽλڣΪԽ󣬽Խѡ
Ҫ
Ҷ̾˿ûѡأǼ
׺ҶųΪݽãҪԸЩѪħǿߣ϶ҪһЩǿ󷨣ͨ󷨶˵ʲô
Ҫǿ󷨣ôҪԴʱ䶼ǷǳģǶʱڿɵġ
ңǻҪֹжļϸ֣ҲһЩ
Ҷ˳ڸεıչ֮У𵤼תݲź嫵ĺڰ
һꡭʮꡭһꡭ
Ҷһαչôʱ䣬Ѿ׵Ͷںڰĺ嫺֮Уͬʱ𵤣Ҳڲϵ֮׳ͬһɫ̫ɢ޾Ĺԡ
䣡
һٶʮȥˣҶͻƣλھ硣
ʵٴǿ
һΣҶûмչˣΪ֪ôȥ׺ҶųĲÿ϶Ѿˡ
֪ЩһôˣҶûмȥϵףǴ鿴ʱڻ۵Ϣ
һٶʮ꣬۵Ϣǳࡣ
ͬһˣ˲ϢҶһһظ
޳а֮ӶѾμӹڲȣʣʵĽ޳õһޣĸ߲㣬ΪҶ֮Ǳš
а֮Ҳе壬Ǳǿĸˣ˽޳֮⣬ĶһսˣǱҲĸ߲ء


1299 
ֵһǣ޳Ѿﵽλ񾳽磬ҶһѾִһְˡ
޳ϢУһҪҶμľְʽϧҶڱչ֮УԱûȥˡ
а֮Ӻͽ޳ϢӶ̻ǱߣҲвյĺѷϢ
Ϸ硢ֻ̫ׯܡҶʥȵյݴ½콾ǣѾӶ̻ˡ
˶񾳽磬츳ǱѾ¶Ӷ̻ĸ߲أص
ʽãӶţÿ˶ΪӶȻһӶСӣԼ齨һӶСӣȻһ̽գÿζҪģԵ
ȻпᣬǵĽȴǳ
ֻʱ䷨ׯ˿ռ䷨˱Ӷĸ߲ΪأΪصѾﵽλԲ磬λҲԶˡ
ò˵Ӷ̻ᣬΪݴ½Щţ˲ٱˡ
һЩĸ߲֪ˣΪЩһа֮ӡس硢׿ǲ
ңҪࡣ
Ҷͽ޳켶֧ţЩ߲㶼ˡ
񣡡
Ǻǣʱݴ½ڰһλŰȴѾ񱲳ˣ
Ҷ쿴ϢЦķǳġ
ݴ½Ѿɳ׳ˣҲΪ֮ˡ
һҪıǣΪףΪһ
ɴ磡
Ҷأ׵ס
ҶϵܣϲΪǺεΪһ㷢ҶͻƵλھ磬𾪵ͬʱҲæϲ
Ҷ쵭һЦһС磬ֵһᡣ
ԿЦҶλ񰡣λҪͻһС磬Ҫʮ꣬һЩŶҪǧ꣬Ҷֻһٶʮꡣ
ٶȣ׸ûмҲֻʷϿЩ쵽ֲŲġ
ɴ磬׼ôˣҶ׵ĳ˼ͻȻʵ
׻عͷ˵ͷ˵Ѿ׼ˣ֮ǰڱչûдˡھͿʼ𣿲һʱʵûƿûҪŲЩˣȵλ񾳽Ҳ١
Ҫλ񾳽⿿ǲеģҪĥʱʼҪȥٵˡҶҡҡͷ
ԲٶȰ˵պӶڲȣǷ룬Ҳܵ롣
ŶڲǾȻЩˣҶ
ʲôڲȣ
Ǿڲ֮Ĵȣôˡ
֮ǰڲȣûˣֻĸ߲Լս
ǰӶڲȣҲûˣһȴ⡣
ȴߵһսã˺ܶˣõǿšԣǾʾģߣһȺС˵ļһ
ҶʱЦˡ
ԭˡ
ÿսŴ󲿷ֶÿһţΪ
һΣΪݴ½ЩţӶһˡ
ӶͲˬһֱѹԼˣεõˣȻҪʾһ£˳һ
ȻԾ˫֮䲢ûе⡣
պÿȥЩǣҶ찵һЦöûмЩˣЩ
£Ҷ˵ͷ˵ȻˣǾɣȷѪħ˻ǳ·϶֣
Ȼ޷ȷŷ۾״ӣҲŰɱ㣬϶Źûġ˵
㽫ǲҲԳȥˣʼձչǰ취Խ棬ÿһ׵ƿԽѣҪȥĥͻơҶ˵
׵˵ͷ
ѪħǱҲޣԪĩڣѪħǱǿߣʣµĲˣνǲ֮󣬾ͳײõˡ
ôܴ
ô󣬿϶һЩõطûб̽鵽Щط˻
񵱳ս֮ǰ޳а֮ӷֵǸǿշĹҶҵһһ֮ģһ
кܶ࣬ȴȥ֡

׽̸֮ҶѼǰӶܲ͵鴫ִùϣϾڴִ׵ľͷȻܵ͵ǰӶ磬档
ңҶҲϣ͸£ѪħǱ֪ϵ
Ȼʱ̹עҶ̾ͷִùˢµϢǰԺ
һˮħ¶˳˼β˵û뵽ӶεڲȾȻҶ죬ҲյϢӶεڲȲ˲ˣ̻ˣϢӦòǼٵġ
Է˷ۣڹϢм٣ĻͶˡ
ˣȥɣ
ħ׶ʱɭһᣬѱλǲһ塣
ܹǱôãѪħǿȻҲǱܹ뵽ģҲܹõ
λᣬֲ֪Ҫȴá
ңʱԽҶΪԽǿʱԽѰɱ
ԣǵȲ
ˣˣּŲҿԲֵģǽ˴ɡ
ħ漴ȥ

ִܲ
Ҷʱͨͽ޳Ƶͨ
һǵģҸոսλ񾳽磬ͻˡ޳͸ƵƵؿŶҶ죬Ц
ҶٺһЦ˵ǵȻˣҪȻͱ׷ˡ
ˣ׷ˡ޳ҡҡͷ漴˵ղҲĹϢˣû뵽ҲμӶڲȣãЩѣڿԾһˣϧа֮Ǽһûᡣ
Ҷ۾һ˵Ҳô˵Ҳܵ룿
Ȼ޳һЦ
۵λҶ൱ģִҲţ켶š
ҶȻܵ룬޳ȻҲܵ롣
ʵϣһЩִҲܵ롣
ҶЦЦ漴˵ϢϷ硢˵𣿡
ûУһϲأ޳Ц˵
ǹע˹Ѿ֪ҪˡҶ˵
޳ҡҡͷЩһһޣʱעǵĹ֪Ļϵˡ
ҲԣҶ˵ͷ
ΪֹϷ͵ǣûϵ˵ǲ֪ҪȥӶܲμǵڲȡ


1300 ɱ
ִܲ
Ҷͽ޳ģ˵ŲμӶڲȣʱչеʱ䡣
ĹӶڲ֮Ҷͽ޳ĵ˵жİɱ
˵ɫ
Ҷ죬ŷ۾ĵӣǻλԸ㡣޳Щǵ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ѾϵˣѾ׼ǲãҪĻͽһ򾡡
ˣأ츳ͣǿҲûԸ㡣
Ҷ漴޳
޳Цһ㣬ڵЩѪħǱѾˣʣµħǱߣûλ״ڣҪɱңʺС
ûλףǵȷȫһЩҶ˵ͷ
޳һλ۷ǿֻ߱Ҫûλ׳֣ƾλףǲһɱ޳ġ
ʵϣЩж֮УҲֻǿѪħǲλǱħʵûǿǲλ׶ѣбλס
ߣǴﵽλ񾳽֮ȥսɱЩж˱𡣡޳ߵ
Ҷ˵ͷǴһ˿п⡣
Ǳɱвǽλʱ򣬾ͿȥսʱͿɱЩж鱨ˡ
ˣҲֻףˣţЩһɱġ޳Ц˵
ǵȻһҪ̤׾磬ôܻᱻɱҶš
漴ͨ
ҶԼ֮УʼѪоƻ
Ҷ첻ϲԼ˽ˣѾȫ׼ǲܷģϲԼҪԼǿ
ңȱǿ㹻ʸ
ѪΪλ飬ѪħսսλԾǳḻ
ңѪħ׵ϾֻһλףλʱشԶڷѪϵľ͸Ҷ쾪ϲˡ
Ҷ죬ڵķҪΪ棬һǵ»ǣһװȻѪˣķǾͺԲˡѪ˵
ҶԿЦ
֪Ѫ˵ĲΪѪħְɱģ϶ϵǿߡ
ҶʵȻҲֻΣܷסס
ԣҶֻЩ
ǷһΡѪûҶĿЦɫ࣬˵»Ҫ߶ʱСϾˣ㲻öܣֻҪҴʯˡ
Ҷ˵ͷʯѾ׼ˣϾʣ¼ңԻȡܶʯˡ
Ҷ㻨һңȡʯѾѪˡ
棬λû취ȫӣҲܱԷһٵΪһ
Ѫϼ˵
װҶϣҶ϶һ˵ĹװҶˣλʲôã
»ҲΪһΪֻλףһܵλ׼Ĺ»ֱӻٵ
Ҷɲһݻ٣ʧ̫ˡ
ԣŽѪӶλһġ
ʱȫȻ߶»ǣǹƵ»֮ǾֻˡģôʯʱһָҲܿ졣һ˳ĻԸװǰٴηѪ˵
Ҷ˵ͷѪϰŵĺܵѾļƻҪʲôˡ
ǿʼֻˣʱϵĺáѪ漴˵
Ҷ쿪ʼЩȡշ磬ڹؼʱķ
ʱһһţʱܿ͹ȥˡ
Ҷ׵ͬ£һۣӰɽ񶼳ǰӶܲ
Ӷܲλ񸫳ǣ棬ڰ档
˵Ӷ磬ͲòһӶĴʼˣŮ
λһλŮӣһŮˣȴʵһѹʥΪĵһˣųŮ
Ҷţŷ۾״ӣȨ޺ܸߣ֪ŮһЩ
ŮǳϣȴûʥȲŷ۾ں֮ǿ
ܹ𣬳Լ츳֮⣬ʦİ
ΪʦĴʼߣλ˵е򿪴ߣҲΨһһλ𡪡
ûλŮĵӣԳ࣬ټŮ츳ǿܹڵĳɾͣȻǺġ
񸫳ǣʵһΪһͷԲŽ񸫳ǡ
ʥʥǣѹ档
Ů棬һһʹõ޷ַ
ĵһǿ߰ϧûҶ֮ãҡҡͷЩź
ţһ죬λĵһǿߡ
Ҷϵܣ׼ϾҪ뿪ɽˣʱܵԷĹ׵ʱ
Ҷɫһ˵ͷ漴սȭͷĿ͸侲Ĺâ
жİɱ
ЩŵţҪһѣɹˣԺͰȫˡ
ɣܹʶһ׼ĸ֣ҲܵвˡҶ۾ĿЩڴ
׼ǿ٣ʥǵʱ򣬵ǡ
ûм׼ǿսЩǿ߶վ۷壬һһǵʵжǿ
Ҷڴ
֮УȲţٶȺܿ졣
ϵģۺһ£Ȼûг֮еĵˡ
ƺҶЩɻЦģа˳ɵİգЩһﲻһεĻᣬһ׼˵ҪǷɵʱ֡
Ҷ˵ͷ
ȻˣȻҴ⣬Сĵ䱸š

棬ĳ
ǿӰںڰ֮УΧŰĿռ籩Ȼ⼸ӰȴͬڣƾЩŰĿռ籩Ҳ޷ǡ
ǾѪħ򣬽Ǳߡ
ǶڰΣյĵطҾطԲûзǵ١
ʱһߴӰ˳ͷѪɫ˫Ѫɫģ·޾Ѫˮʣӳޱߵɱ¾
ѪħǱߵУΨһһλλףҲλ
λĿ͸ڰգ˵ʼɣȻ֪׼ҲòΪҶСӼȻսһֱŷ۾ǵȴ￴УԲɳؽΪѪħĴС
˵Ĳ
ԪҲҪˣʱҲᱩ¶ᱻǿɱװȥɱһš
ģΰʼѾڳ𾳽磬˼Ҳʱ䷨ֻҪ˼ҳɹˣʱȻʱ䵹ȫԸЩ
ΰʼ꣡
ʼ꣡

ЩѪħǱ߸ߺںŵʱλѾˣûʲôĶֻһֻѪɫơ
棬Ҷʱܵ˾޴Σײ̧ͷ
һֻѪɫľƷգѹΧһſǳըˡ
ֲѹǽϢ
λ׵ܡ


1301 ͳ
¡¡
Ѫɫָǲ񷣬أǿնΪ֮顣ǿֲѹ죬Χϵһſҫ۵ǳͬĩջһ㡣
Ҷ׶סˣ
ֻѪɫɢİϢǸе㤣˵嶼̲סͬ޷ơ
λ׵ĺƣǶΪ֮ս
ô᣿ҵ塭Ҷ쾪ˣǰδеĽңΪڸоԼʧȥ˶ԼĿƣֻ֪޷
ⲻСͷϿֻѪɫɢϢֲ̫ˣǰѹѹסˡ
״𣬻ѪڣϣһҶĸǰ
λ۷弶ǿߣƴȫ֮£ڳ˶Է
ȻˣֻѪɫľƣλ۷ǿߣҲֻһֻ΢ϣܹıʲô
ȴ޾ɫֻضѹĿֲѪɫơ
ڳ𣿺ߣڴʱһĮǿ֮д
һ̣飬ѿһɫԴңԶǿЯſֲֻѪɫƸӲ˺ˡ
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ɫ֮;һſǳ飬ռ䱻ǿ˺ѡ
Ҷſһ֧ɫ֪ʲôطס
ͳ죡Цݵ˵
Ҷعͷѷ֮УһߴΰӰӺڰ֮пԽɢĿֲϢⷽضڲ
һӣɫսףֳֽɫ񹭣üë£һ˫ͬӥһӣ֮η
λףҲ׿еͳ졣
ȻͳڰУ˵ҶĿء
λͳ죬Ҷ찵˿λǿڴˣѶ
ٴλͷǰԶֻѪɫ֮УһͬߴΰӰ˳һǿ֮ϡҶˣѪɫ۾ɱ¾˿һ۾;ͷǡ
ʣλѪħǱ
ɨҶһֻۣͬһĿܿͿ˶ͳ죬漴𣺡ĵͦ죬ֻһˣΪԵס𣿡
žԵš
Ѫħǿ󣬲ʥǿߵϣҪǣͬεףҪǿȼ硣
ǵ԰֮
Դ˳սѾܾûɱѪħĲˣ㿪Լе񹭣ɫս׵ͳ˵Ŀ
λҲɵѪħλףеţͬ磬޾κǿߡ

ɫһŭΧݣķŭȻر仯ɼѾﵽһַǳֲĳ̶ȡ
Ҷûô֣ΧһֻֻѪɫľƣѹ
ǿֲϢҶ˲Ѫɳȥ
̻סҶ죬ңҶԼҲװűסһ
̫ˣҶ첻п
ԷûֻɢϢɼʵжô
ͺ·ܲһ㣬УҶǱһֻֻϡ
˺󣡡
ͳ
漴Ҷ쿴һ֧貵ͳﱬȻΪ꣬ǰЩѹѪɫһһ˺ѡ
ˣͳһ·Խգֱλĸǰһźݺݵӡ
״ʱȻŭǶ衣
ѪħҲû˸Ҷô
һ֣Ȼҽսֱšķŭ˶һѪɫգͳסˡ
Ҷ쵹һѪɫʵ̫ԱˣǿնռˣͳӴʱûڹѪ֮С
ɴ磡Ҷʱǡ
ҡҡͷЦ˵صģλͳɲһλףһλţǱԲֹλףȻΪ״ԲǿߣҲпܡ
Ҷ԰𾪣û뵽ͳͷ˴ѹ
䣡
ڴʱһ貵Թᴩ񷣬ɫĹâأޱߵѪˣѪɫҲ˺ѵķ顣
λͳɢ⣬Ѫ֮˳ǿϢΧǳˡ
˫ȻޱȣϢûм֮ǰǿ
Ȼղŵһλû˵ͳ죬ǽͳʵƳˡ
ܣ
ԶѪ˷ȻһƬҵѪɫ֮У۳һ߸ߴѪӰ֮ǰġ
ͳ죬ţôôǿⲻܣ飬ͬγѪħ򡣡
Ϊ̫ˣǻǵĻӵǰʸһսͳ֮ɫ
ɫһ䡣
Ѫħֻʼĵϵܳ塣
ΪʼĵϵӵʼǿѪʹޱǿͬο޵С
Ҳ˻˵츳Ѫʲôϵ򣬾һˣֻҪ츳ǿ󣬳ɳΪס
һ׵ĶӣȴδؿԳΪڶס
ѪħѪǿȴ츳ȣѪħλʥоλǸĵϵλҲǸϵ
ˣǸѪҲǻӵܣĸΣҪǿˡ
ߣô˵Ѫħÿһӵܣ൱š
ԭţ
ʱ³ͳݣһͻɫЩѿ
ţеţһԪǿ֮һǵĻӵһС
ϻѾܶˣɣͳһ乭飬һ֧֧貵ĽɫƾۣȻǸȥ
ɫһ䣬·ˣһ֧֧Яľΰ궼е
ȻͳľУˣɱλס
ΣҲˣҽ͸ƴͶ·׹ʢһֲѪɫ𣬶Ʋ񷣬ѹ죬漴۳һаѪɫţɱ¾Ϣ
һ̣ϢȻǿ࣬ͬһƵģǰδеǿ
ʼѪ
׿ǸаѪɫţʱһɫ䡣
Ҷɴ磬ô
Щ鷳ˡû뵽һﾹȻӵʼѪڷңԼʼѪˡˣѪħһλ塣׳ɫЩѿ
һ㣬ǵԤ֮⡣


1302 ֮ս
壡
Ҷɫһ䣬ղͳѪħĻ壬ϲѯˣԷǳ塱塣
ÿһ嶼൱ţ⻹ؼؼǣǰ壬ȻͳһѾˣѾɳΪǿˡ
ֻλʼѪİ£ϵϢԽԽǿˣּ˵аĵһɿֲС
е˼
ͳ̤ǿգŲȥ޾ɫս⡣
ȣҶ
ĻܵͳĵͷϿյѪɫԵøӳˣһ˫ɫ۾˫ɱ¾浹ӳʮ˲ĩվ
𣿵Ҳֵñӳ֡
ӵȻѾǸ壬һתΧӿޱߵѪֹû˾졣
̫ǿˣֲֿϢ֮ǰǸܹӵеġ
⣬ֻǶԷ˲壬ǶԷı
ͳɫһ˲Ҳû֣Ѿһ֧貵Ȼȷˣ֮ǰûеġ
ɼӵͳҲеɵˡ
ܾûпĹˣе˼ӵ۾΢΢һУ˫֮оȻҵѪ⣬Ƭ
ԶҶ׳ԾѣҪ֪ղͳһشڣȴԷ׷飬ʵҲ̫˰ɡ
Ȼͳ첢ûκεľȣ乭һһĻӵܣͬһſǡ
ЩЯſֲɢϢΧһſǳڲһƬƬ飬սѡ
ƺÿһЯӵܣе·
Щɾɱ֮
ԴȪ
ɱ֮ӵû˿ź͵ӣӡޱߵѪΪ֮һž޴ħףѪӿɢż˵аϢ
ء
ħ׷ĺУҾ徣ΧʱһƬɭֲ
Ǿɱ֮а׳ſȻҲ޷乥ݣƣ޷ǰһ
Ƕʥһϵģͳ״һ
Ѫħʼ֮£һλʥоһλʥʼĵϵǰӵܣǶʥһϵӵܡ
ʥʥһµʥʵǳǿ󣬶ҷǳа񣬻飬һģûһ³
еʶߣĻӵһž޴ħףֱӳͳѹ
;һУһſǳž޴ħɽȥ
ҶΧϵڻζƺҪſµȥ
ã˺󣡡״һٶȴҶ󷽼ˡ
ڴʱһֻֻѪɫƣͻȻѷ֮Ҷ쵯
Ҷɫһ䣬ЩѪɫȻû֮ǰǸôֲҲһϢˣףҾԲֹλס
Щ˶λףȻλס

׵ɫҲЩѿ׼ֱӼһսףҶǰݻһֻֻѪɫľơ
Ҷ쾪ȵط֣״ս֮󣬾Ȼӵ˱ȼλ׵ʵ
һλףҲ뵲סǡ
ߣҶɡ

ѷ֮УߴӰѪħλףʵޱǿ
ضҶ죬·ڿһˡ
Ѱ·״ȣ󣬶Ȼ˼ʮӰһϢǿ󣬾Ȼס
Ҷ۾һһˣҶҶų
ȻˣǾһˡҶһʮλףһɱ󣬽ǰλѪħλΧС
ҶųλףʵҲǳǿʮλλɱ󣬾Ȼס˶Էλס
Ҫֵġ
ȻСģؿܣҶ˵Ҷ죬Сĵ㣬ԷλףȻҲпλס㲻õģΪһǰڸ·ϣִܿܵ˵أʱ˵ǣǸӵҲҪ
Ҷһ֪˵Ǹ״ԲǿߣҲֻȾǿߣӵʵ
䣡
ͻȻ䷢
һѪɫǹ͸ռ䣬Ҷı󶴴
ס֣˲䷢֣ɵòȻŭȻһѪɫͻȻ£˶档
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ײϵغŴӣȻѪɫ̩ɽһȻס
׶ʱˡ
ҶҲЩˣڿû˱ˣǸͻȻ͵ϮѾ¶Ȼһλס
û뵽ѪħȻһλס
Ҫ֪ԷѾһλףλˣʵֱǻûɱһš
һҲóѪħǷǳɵҶ죬˵Ǽɵŷ۾ϾҶŷ۾ص״ӡ
ɡɻ꣡ͻȻֵλһЦ㻯ΪɫѪҶ
ҶʱųѪӷ֪·˶á
һڰɫȭͷͻȻգǰѪɢ
Ҷ㵣߲֪ʱһӣĸߴ׳һ˫ɫ۾񣬳ſİ
ɱţǻòͷˣһм֮ɫ˫ȭչǺպȭ
ȭڶԷУǳĿֲ·ضΪȭͷȭ죬ȭǵأ仯Ī⡣
ͬλף쳣ǿѾȭߵĵزȫѹס˶Ѫħǿߡ
ͬھɣѪħǿ֪޷ٻɱҶ죬ȻһݣѡԱǹɿֲһϯΧϵȫݻˡ
ߣСһЦһŴ̯޴״֣ɻֽȥȻѹס
Ҷ쿴Ķͷ˺ˮԵ÷ǳȻôɣϾһλ׵Ա
ҶһӴ綼飬ҽУǹɻˡ
ЩɽӣȫˣһСһĴ½ӿȵƯ˷
ӹԶ׵ŭ
ΪѪħǿߵȥǸѪɫûб˿ƣʱ׳˳
׸ոճʱͫһɫ䣬ҶҶϵܣСġ
ʵ˵ҶʱѾܵһϢٽ
ֻԶǿ֮Уλͳһᴩӵܣӵȴ¶˵Цݣƴס˿Լͳ죬ȻסԼؿڵݺݵسҶͶ
һ̣ҶϢλǿѹ޷


1303 ɱһ
ѪħĻӵܱϾֻͨһʼѪƿز壬ǱԵһս֮վǰܸͳ졣
𾪵ǣӵܾȻûסͳ죬ȻͳᴩؿڵһԶҶͶȥ
ʱҶҪסλѪħλף޷Ԯ
׸ոҶһ·̣ȡ
ʩչȭҪѹѪħһλԱҲ޷ڳ־Ҷ졣
ʱҶܹģԼ
ò˵ѪħĻӵܷǳ£Էںͳ켤սʵһֱûкҶ죬ʱֲһȻҪɱҶڳɳеš

ֻһʼѪҲ㲻ʲôսұȻϴܡ
ܹɱŷ۾״ӣһʼѪҲûа׷ˣ

ǸӵܹЦ
ͳŭıֲϢһҵԽԴը٣ƥĥһʼѪ
㡭ָʶʼѪͳĥ𣬶ʱ֪Ǹӵܰˣ־ֻš
Ȼûи೤ʱ䣬ͳǿƳ֣ٴνشĥ塣
ʵŭг˾
ͳȲҶ죬зǳŭʱȫйϡٱսһ𱬷һâ˺Ѳ񷣬һδĥ
׺ѱɱǲλף˲֮屻һδδݻ֮󣬱ԴҲܵ˲ص˺Զˡ
ͳһ˿ȴǵǵؿҶǱߡ
Ҳŭ𣬳ҶǱ߸Ϲȥϧ
䣡
Яλӵܵȫһɫ˺ѲգӴǿգҶ˶档
ѪϣҶ
λ׵ǿɢֲ̫ѹʱ޷
£Ҷ޷ֻкѪˡ
ѪѾֻҪһԹͨѪϡ
ѪҲһֱڹۿⳡսʱҶΣҶͬʱѾˡ
ǲҶѪɫ˿ͬһѪ˳ȥȻǿлΪһޱߵѪӣҶεذ档ǺƺƵѪˮֹܷѪɷ֮ɭֲ
ѪӣڸϹ׶ʱ۾һɣ־ϲ
ѪħԶкܴĹͱѪӣһӾϳµλ
ҶʥǵʱȥһѪħ磬˺ܾãѵõѪħ׵ĴУײϲ
ѪλȻǹԵǷҲǳǿ
ЩǣΪҶΪϾ̫ˣ޷Ѫȫ߶
һᡣ
׵´һȫҶȥ
һߣͳҲע⵽˱ҶѪӣһ˿֮ɫѪħѾвٸԪˣҲкܶŽȥûлѪӵκΣû뵽Ȼɹˣѹֻᱻŷ۾Ϊ״ӡ
˵ͬʱͳѾѹס˵Ĳž˶ԷԱĿܡ
ԼҲ޷ֻؿǵɫâᴩѪӣƬѪӶˡ
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ѪڲҶ죬оغϡ
ʱѪӵҶѾָжͷų˵»ǣȻУ׸ĿֲϢ
ͬʱѪϵĻҲ˹Ҷ죬ҿֲסˣʼѪǸȫһҪǿҲҿ϶ǷԵסˡϣܹסһᾡָ
Ҷԣɫʱ
ʵѪ˵Ҳ֪һԶԶһλȫһΪһǸӵƴȫġ
С𣬲ҪǿֵסҶ漴Ե»ǵС˵
СģҲҪסѪϣҴ߶еķ󷨣Ҳ߶
㡭Ҷ˵ЩжΪ֪һпܾͻ᳹״ݻٵ»ǣСҲ֮ɢ
áѪϵ䣬»ǱѾʯ߶
Ҷʱϵĳǳ棬Ȼֳһ޴󷨣зģйģǧ֮ࡣ
Щ󷨣һɹɿֲȫλ׵ȫһǻ۳һƵĺǸ˺ѪӵĽɫײȥ
ϧǣЩλȫһĺ޷ݻɫ谭Ƭ̶֮䱻Ĺâˡ
ʵ̫ˣ·ҽһ㣬һ
貵ĽɫЯȻǿݺݵسŵ»ǣһ󷨱󷨸ݻˣʹЩѾ޷޸ˡ
ҶƤֱһ֮󣬾»ûбݻ٣Ҳ䵽硣
ϾЩ׼ֻ׼ʦԲãû²õġ
ûЩ׼󷨣»ǳӲһЩû׼ˡ
ˣɫȻƥݻЩ֮󣬽»ǵĽҲݻˡ
ֱݿ࣬κζ޷赲
ҶСĲҽˣһҪסϧС𿴲վ۷һˡ
С𡭡
Ҷս˫ȭҵ˲ʡ
ǳʹԼԼʵǿһЩλΪҲôܡ
СȻʱ䲻ȴǳģʱԸݻҲҪΪ
Ҷ죬Сװ䡣Ѫϵĺ
Ҷʱѣһбҵâһ貵ĽɫԴϸ֡
װ
䣡
װһ˲䣬Ҷо޾Լڻ۶һǿϢȻϱֱ
һ̣ҶܵǿԼҲƺޱǿֱǳûиеˣ֮Уֻһƥľս⣬Ѫڣ
ռ
Ҷ
Ϊ켶ţһ·һ޵С
˿̣λ׵ȫһҲԸⱻĵطѡӭȥ
װױ߶ޱߵΰӳϣʹϵϢϵǿӽˡ
µǣϤϵӡҶȻɢǿնϢ
ѿһƥĵᴩ񷣬ʱ䳤ӣÿռ޷ֹ
Զλͳ죬ԼеĽɫڲг𾪺Ͳ˼顣
ÿµĵϹҲռĿϢסˡ
ò˵ΪװҶǵһչռĿ
ǰȻռΪ̫ͣ޷ôµĵȫ߶
ЩһռϵӡҲҪǿΪܽȫ߶
һ㣬ҶȻ֪ȴû뵽ȫ߶ϵӡȻ˵Ŀ¡
ƺǳĽɫҲòôˡ


1304 Ļ
ռʮʽ
ϵӡ֮Ҷ콫Լռ߶۷徳磬һҵĵâƥԣԨֱ
һ̣Ҷ·һ̫ŵһ˺ǿգһնʱճӡ
֮䣬ֻʣһ㡣
Ҷþȫ̲סһ֮ȫеľˣҲ͵˼ޡ
ľһĿǰֻһһװӳֵá
һ֮Ҷһ˿սֻؿǸɫԼǿһײһ
ΣҶѾ޷ڸı䣬ֻܵȴ֡


Ҷ첻֪û˿ӣΪԼľһš
¡¡
ֲĵâҵĹâԶϵеĺǶˣһƬ財
Ǹɫһƺ˶֣赲סˡ
ҶзǳԼ֮ԿԽ䵲סһ̫ǿǸɫѪӺ͵»֮Ѿ߰˳ɡ
ĻҶס
ȻڣǸɫվͻһȻ˺ܶ࣬ӵλײεĹҶ֡
ʱҶѾֻؿӽ
Ҷϵܣ״żֻҪƬ̣ܸѾˡ
ϧˣԶͳһźҡҡͷһţûԻվ۷壬ǿϧˡ
ʱҶе˸Ŀԥ
ʩչʱֹͿռֹӦÿԽɫƬ̣׸ϹֻһӵһϢ㱩¶ˣҲŹҡҶԥˡ
ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ȻԾһΣһ¶ܣҲᱻ
Ϊߣߴÿһߡ
ΪߴλϵµĹأ˭ҲΥ
䣡
ڴʱͻȻһֻ޴ƴǰ˳ǸɫסʹҲ޷ǰһ
ǿϢȴǽҶƷ˳ȥһѪ
ô£Ҷǿ֮סӣϲ
˳־һ
ৣ
漴ҶߣŲԶǸɫ˿ЦҶϵܣǴѲк󸣰
ҶЦЦǰѿա
棬һߴΰӰ˳ҶЦ˵û٣Ȼŷ۾ҲɣǺǣ
˷ǳ𾪣һݷǳӣͬʮһһꡣ
ǴɢϢȴҶоļ²ѣǱǸͳͲҪǿ
ʣλϹ״Բǿߡ
ΪҶı谭Ǹһʱ䣬Ÿλǿ߸ʱ䡣
лǰ֮Ҷ漴æлԷȻСʵҶԷֲĺСȰɽ۶ˡ
ؿⱾҵְ𣬺ˣһҪѲһƬԵٻᣡ״Բǿ˵뿪ˡ
Ҷ׵˲ûн⣬ֻǹ뿪
ϾǿߣѾվ۷壬ѱɱţҲۣϾҪɳ̶ȣҲǷǳСġ
״Բǿߣĸ߲㣬ȫԲһЩشߡ
Ҷ첻ŷ۾״ӣƶԷú˵һ仰
ǿ߰Ҷ쿴Ǵ޸գĿң
֪ʲôʱܴﵽ磬Ǹʱ츳棬Ҳֻſвˡ
ɣ
Ҷ죡
ͳʱˣѾ׽Ǹõ˶Է硣
һλ׵ֵǳߣͳȻҪ佻ҲᲹֵһңջܴ
лǰ֮ҶٴΰлϾԷ־ҲҪл
ͳЦЦûиղλ״Բǿô߰Ҷŷ۾ĵӣֻҪɾͱֻ߲ͣҲҪҶύ
ҪǵȵҶԺǿˣȥύЧͲˡ
Ҷ죬ڿԷˣȺһӦѪħһǿˣʣµľǿҲֻλףвˡͳЦ˵
Ҷ˵ͷûѪħвͲõˣԷĳȥˡ
Ǳߣ٣Ѫħܹвľ͸Ӳˡ
Ҷڿɿˣնڰɽ֮ˡ
ˣһҪȥҶ죬Ŭɣǰף׾硣ͳ漴һЦ뿪ˡ
ҶųҲ漴кȥˡ
Ҷ׽ۣ񸫳ǰ
ͬʱҶ콫ռĵ»Ƭø׹ۿϣԷ԰޸
ȻСֻһ飬ȴΪܽȻҶʵЩܡ
ϧ»̫ˣײóƬ֮ҡҡͷЦҲͨλ̫ˣһЩ֣¶ܽ޸
ûһ취𣿡Ҷϣؿףһ˿ϣ
׳ϾҲʦҲܿ϶ԽͨڲһЩʦҲ޸ۿ²СҪ׼
ʲôҲҪ޸Ҷг˼ᶨûСƴֵǸɫ¾ͻˡ
Ȱ㻹ǲҪ̫ϣϾ̫ˡҡҡͷ̾˿
ʵ˵ܲҶ˼һѣ˾ͻˣҶװѪӣҪ»λ
СΪҶ׿ΪȻҪΪԼƴġ
û׵˼Ҷܿʹ»ǵܲ
ΪҶȨ޺ܸߣʦӴҶ죬ҹۿҶ췢ĵ»
󲻹Ƭʱ䣬ҶյܲϢ
̫أѾ޷޸ǿ޸ǼһһģһˣȴҪ
Ҷ쿴֮ͷˡ
飬ǿ϶Сĵ»ǣǲҪġ
ѵһ취ûҪһģһ飡ҶѯʣҽԼҪ˵˳ϡ
ܿ죬Էٴθ˽
ʵ޸»ǺףϾֻһλҪĲ϶˵ǳ򵥡
ѾҪ޸飬ԭȵ飬ҲСѾݻٵĲˣ˵ˣ޷ָˡ
ֻٴһ顣
⣬ȴҶģҪֻС


1305 ִ
УһҪС޸ã
Ҷս˫ȭᶨ֮ɫ
ûйر̧ͷѯʲԶףɴ磬ʲôİ취𣿡
ԿЦڲЩʦɲ򵥣Ͼģ˵һʦˣǶܳɹǱ˵ˡ

ͻȻ۾һҶ˵ʵһ棬һҪǾ̻ᣬǲͬӶ磬Ԫص󷨡ĵһϵţЩ棬Ǿһġ
Ҷ۾һ԰Ҫ˵ʦǿ϶̻ʦ
ȻţǶ̻˵ҲֻһССѣöʦʦŷ۾ԿڲС漴˵
ҶԲüͷ˵Ĳܹ޸СʦѾվһ۷壬ּҲ벻οҶ졣
ŷ۾ڣҶû룬С¾Լʦ𣬿»ʦ𿴲Լ
Ҷȴ뵽Լʦǡ
ٿԼʦһ£˭԰Լ޸СҪ֪Щʦǿɶ״ԲεǿߣǷεĸ֣϶֪ġ
£ҶͨϵԼʦֺʮʦ֣λʦֶǷεǿߣĶǿߣӦʶ̻ʦ
ҶС˹ȥʦƺ飬ûϻظϢʮʦȴ̾ͻظˡ
СʦԵƬ̣ʿûп޸顣ʮʦֻص
Ҷ漴ڵȴϢͬʱҲʣʱһϵеĽܡ
ʡۺںų̻֧һﵽ۷壬ڵҩһϴﵽ۷壬һϴﵽ۷塣
ڷһ̻м˲УȻǺǿȴûһ˴ﵽ۷壬ķڷҲûеһʡۡλĴڡ
ʮʦҪʣҶжʱڴΪҲû취޸СĻôͳûϣˡ
ȻЩʱ䷨𣬿ͨʱ䵹޸Сܹȥ顣
ֻҶû붯
ʣҶҲû붯ֻϣԷܹŷ۾ķϣԼһСæ
ʱһһţԼ֮ʮʦڴϢ
Сʦܣ˵ǼܵѪħʼѪĴݻ٣ǱʼѪʴνԶԴʼѪȡһЩԽָһ˿ԣȻһλ׵֮Уܹ׽ָ
Ҷ쿴֮ɫһ
Ȼ޸С𣬵Ҫıȴ̫ˡ
һʼѪɲѪħӵϵһѪǵѪҺȻǿ󣬵ӽʼѪʼѪ
ֻѪħʼϵκһѪҺʼѪĻӵܣǾҪǵʵΣȻȡһѪҺһʼѪ
ԣҪһʼѪҲҪնɱһλѪħĻӵܲС
һλ׵֮ģõ֮ģҪոȡ֮ġҲ˵ҶҪɱһλףȻȡ֮ģ֡ʡ֮ĲܶСá
ֱǳѡ
Ҷڵʵ޷õ
ǵһ֣ѪħĻӵܷǳϡ٣ÿһǳǿҪɱǣʵ̫ˡ
£ҶظϢʮʦ֣лʦ֣һ£޸Сʱ𣿡
ûУʼѪȻʴ飬Ҳסһ˿ԣû޸ĿܡңʼѪǳǿԱסһ˿ٸԪʮʦ˵գϢλ׵֮ҿʱȥսɱһжǿߣʼѪͺѻˣսĻӵһޱǿ󣬾һ㣬Ҳֻܽܣ޷ɱ
ȻǴʦֺʦĻǾǴʦֺʦֻʦ˼֪Ǹ޷ϵ
лʦ֣ˡҶ漴лҰ˿
мٸԪʱ䣬ôʱ䣬ɳһµĵز
ԣҶҲͲżˡ
СŰɣһġҶ콫СĲкúõرȻʼڰ
һѪħİɱҶӸܵԼʵСЩױҲֻһֻԴ϶ѡ
һҪǿ
Ҷź
ںڰ֮Σ𵤼ӳ֣ٶȺܿ죬Ϊϵ
ʱ䣬ڲ֪š
׼Ԧۣռ䣬ִ񸫳ǡ
ΰ񸫳ǿ֮УǽУ㷢ǳڲԳ磬ʥǻҪӴ
Ҷϵܣǵˡ
׵ҶС
漴Ҷ֮ѣĿų⣬Ȼ
վ߳ۡ
ѾӶһŮӴǰס
Ҷǰ롣ӴҶǵһģοɰķȹŮȴλΪҶǵʱһ·ϲϵشҶ졣
Ҷ
һԵҲע⵽ɵˬЦСѾͷǲǿҵҶϵˣҶϵѾмˣҪ޹ֻСŶ
ϸ磡ҶԷ˷ۣЦ
ȹŮæعͷҲ͵Ҷˡ
ʵҲֻǺˣΪڲϢ֪Ҷ꣬һսĵһһΰŷ۾Ϊ״ӣ˵һԪ츳һš
˵ˣ˭档
׼״Ц
ҶΡ
һƬЦΣԼȹŮ֮УһƬס
һƬĵ򣬱Ӷ˽һԺ䣬ҶɱһԺ棬ΧԺ䶼Ѿסˡ
ʶܶ˶ˣҶкȥѾ۾ˣ񸫳ǺʥһǾԵİȫҲõҶ졣
ҶҲˣǾǽ޳һˡ
Ҷ죬û°ɣѾ˵ˡ޳һҶ죬㼱æʵ
ҶؿڣЦ˵ҪµĻһվǰ𣿡
޳ҲԣղҲ̫żˣʱɵɿЩµ˵̫ΣˣȻһλ׺λ׳ɱ㣬λһʼѪܹ̫ˡ
ҶܵѪħǿ߰ɱʱϢܿʹڲԽ޳Ҳ֪˾ΪҶ˰Ѻ


1306 پ
ЩգվЩɱҵѪħǿȫˡҶЦ˵
Ѫħ˰ɱѾˡ
ΪС𱨳𣬻ԼҶ췢ģһҪսնɱѪħǿߡ
ǻã޳˵ͷߵǻСǳΪ֮ȥս𡣡
Ҷ״ɵ˵ˣγУûܵ˵İɱ
ΪżС飬ûйע޳Ǳߵ
޳ԵȻУھԪĽԶˣЩǱڰеĵֻҪ֣ôܷŹһûᡣɱҵֻħǿߣǿҲλ۷壬ʦǸڶʱɱңȻǿɱˡ
˵ҪлѪħǿߣǵĿ¾ˡ޳漴Ц
˵ĲΪϵţһڲȵĵһЩжɱϵνҶ졣
ǺǣҶЦЦ漴˵ˣѾִ񸫳ǣֻ̫شǹͨûУ
ϵˣǷǳϲڲμڲȣʱ޳˵
ҶɻӶ粻ۿǵڲôھͿʼˣһûյ֪ͨأ
ǺǣҲӶڲжţͬÿսõţӶûֻܽż£ţŵ棬ӶԶȻҪһʼڲȣĻѵҪЩĵıԵܾ֮ʵֻǹۿľѡ޳ԶʱЦ
ҶʱȻ
֮ʱ׺ͽ޳ĻһˣҶͽ޳æվӭӡ
һǱϲɫ˵Ҷ죬һϢӶһλ׷һмǣ˵ֱĻԼӴԪĩڽ׾Ļᡣ
ǰʵӶۿڲȣЩŷ뺯ʵǺǵĶһ̽һ̽ǡҲ˵
Ҷͽ޳Զʱ۾һ
ǵǵȻס
֮кܶǱеһֻ֣ǳϡ٣ΪǱһַǳϡٵ塣
֮治УһЩ壬̺౦űǡ
ҲֵȼģΪм߼Ͷ֣ıǻһЩ飬мı̺ıˣ߼ıΪ֮ҪǷֶıǣǿ߶ɱǰˡ
Ӷ緢ֵıһмǣ̺ıﲻ٣ʺ񣬶׵ôӶһԪǡ
Ҷ졢޳Щǿ츳ȴǣǶоͻ׾磬ȴȱʱ䣬űǶΪҪ
ԣһڲȣӶ̻ǡ
Ҳ˶ʸٵذϵ츳Уһ񾳽硣
һĺûᣬűǣһ磬õЩҲܹǵʵɱǱչһҲõöࡣ޳һȭͷ˷֮ɫ
ͬҶ죬λ񾳽磬ǳ˲ٿࡣ
ңҶ𵤣ڰٶȺܿ죬ǽ޳ûڱչһʮ꣬ûжջ
˵ҲЩڴˣǺǣҶЦ
ڱǻܣ׺ףҲΪףǰ֪Ϣ
ֱһºϢ񸫳ڲˣһţ̻һţȫĦȭƣһ˷ܼޱȡ
һ죬Ҷͽ޳Ҳݴ½Щǡ
ͽӵ֪ͨˣһ磬Ҷ˰źþ磬ȻͺһĽ޳ˡ
һһϤױӳ
Ҷ졢޳þò׳˶ͷڷܣһ˫ڵӣ˸˵Ľ⡣
ս޼
ݴ½콾񾭹Ӷһϵвпĥøǿˡ
ȻûпɢǿϢеߣ˸еһ޵С
ս޼
Ҷͽ޳ʱվӭӣ޳ֱ˹ȥս޼ȭ
ݴ½ʱ򣬽޳ڵɽׯս޼սҽã˴Сʶ
ʱ޳ս޼ס˫ȭͬʱҲڰƴ
Ǳƴֻ޵־ûжɢΧɻٻ
ǻǡǾۻӣɲǴܵӡһԵҶ˵
Ҷ죬ս޼Ը㻹֪𣿵ǽ޳һЩ仯̫ˣֱˣľһϤͻȻ
Ҷͷʱл䣬Ʋ֮дŰɷƺ֮
Ҷһŵ˵ı仯Ҳܴ󣬿ЩӶ羭˺ܶ顣
Ӷͬֻڲʱȫģʱ䣬ʱҪִһЩΣնȺܸߵÿζǴɱ¾֮߳˵
Ҷ˵ͷӶҲҶʥ֪һЩ
䣡
ʱս޼͵غ˼ɫЩŵضŶĽ޳
޳΢΢һЦ˵а֮ӣ˿ˣǼ޵мţҲȲ㡣
ǱСǰͷս޼ָɫˬ˵
޳һЦ
һԵĵЩľؿŽ޳˵û뵽һȻﵽ־磬ѹϴκа֮ӽ̸˵һǼҶ֮ĵڶ̬
ͬӶ磬Ҳս޼֣Էǳս޼ʵԼ֮¡
ڣս޼ȴ罣޳
ȻֻǱƴ޵־̶ȣѾԴ޵־ǿ˴˵ʵˡ
ҪңһԵҶЦ
ս޼ԴЦ˭Сսеı̫˰£켶츳ѹˣΰŷ۾Ϊӣǿŷ۾ӶĴʼ˻ҪþԶĳڡ
ҶֻܿЦ
ǻǵģúõĳһٷһۣ̲סڱƴˡһˣҶ˻ͷȥ
ս޼͵ԵЩţϲɫǳۣһ湫ӣս޼мƲƲ죬˵һԽԽСˣ˵Ӷ粻ٴҵŮ쿴ˣٺ١
ҿѻˣЦ˵
úֻ̫Ϸ硢ҶʥׯܵˣҲ̵


1307 
꣬콾ۡ
ҶǷǳ֡
ֻ̫Ϸ硢ս޼ҶʥׯܵȵȣЩյݴ½ǿǣĥ£ںҶ졢޳һٴγΪ˾콾
ҰѾԻ̸Ȥ£ò֡
Ҷ죬ԽԽˣҲ׷ģŰɡ
޳СӵģȻռ
ϧа֮ǼһûȵǿŵʱҲлǰȥ

һߺȾƣһġ
ҶЦʵˣӶڲԱ֪Ǳʲôʱ򿪷ţ
εıǱϾǱӶ׷֣俪ȨȻӶ棬ֻ̻ǲһЩǰȥûȨƿűǡ
ڲȽ󣬹ƻҪһʱ䣬ϾǱҲΣգǻҪ׼һ¡̫˵
Ҷһ㶣һԵĽ޳ȵΣգܰɣ
ȻûǣҲļ濴֪ǵһЩϢڱ棬ֻͱûκΣա
ΪԵʣǵǳ⣬ܴԽǼߵıǣԽǾˡ
мϵȥˣ·жѡ
ǷֵıЩͬս޼ҡҡͷ
һԵҶʥڶҶ˵ףǷֵıǣһΣյؾ棬һ崦δ֪Ļҿռ֮УǴδ֪Ļҿռǳǿ׶ȥԸ֪
ҶһҲ֪Щҿռ䣬ǳųǿԽʵǿԽܵų⣬෴ʵСˣʱԽȥ
ӶڼűǣʱǻȥһЩʼţȥ̽һ̽ٸ֪ǽֻ˵
ҲΪ˷ֹ֣ⷢϾҶǶţʧһ޷
ˣҶ죬Ĵ̾ڵһԱ֮УʱͻȻ˵
ҶЩȣû뵽̻һν룬ȻЩΣգҲܴ󣬱Ͼ汦ܶ࣬һȥ϶ջ١
ˣȲ˵ˣǶҪ뱦ǣʱ˵ɡ޳ЦЦ漴ս޼ˣʵ˵ڲѾѡʮǿˣҲУ֪ûаնõһ
һս޼ԿһԵֻײڣ漴˵ֻشׯܴ磬Ϊһ򣬺ͱӶصԱҪǿܶ࣬ѾﵽλԲ磬лһڲȵĵһ
ǰҲλϸ󡣡Ҳ˵ЩĽ츳ڳˣȴһЩ
ׯֻܺݴ½ʱʹﵽ񾳽۷壬ʵԶǡ
ңׯֻܺΪռ䷨ʱ䷨򣬵õӶصʵĸ졣
ׯֻ֮ܺ⣬ˣڶλھ磬ϾıҶͽ޳Щˡ
Ȼǵ츳ʵѾﵽλ񾳽磬Ȼôܴڲ֮ӱء
Ҳô˵ЩһսϼһǣɶλԲ磬ΪǣʱԶǣ˭֪ǽսʲô̶ȡֻҡҡͷû˿֮ġ
һԵׯܵ˵ͷ˵һս˲ǿߣӶͬЩһսŲµǿ߸ࡣ
ֵǫǽˣս޼ƲƲ˵
ֻׯӿЦ
ҶЦžٱβҪڲȶûвμӣΣֻҪԪĩڽ׾磬ôҪ֮һ
˵úãԪĩڽ׾磬ҪĿ꣬һжֻ̫˵
漴һٱһгʢս޵еš
һֻ̫֮ȥǻҪ׼ϾܹʮǿˣǼ򵥵ҲҴ⡣
Ҷͽ޳Ƿǳɣһ񸫳ǣһߵȴڲȵľʼ
ͬʱҶҲһºյԼ̴ϢѾӶ߲İ£һŽ뱦ˡ
Ϊ̽ԵĽ룬ӶҲ޷֤еΣգԵһξͰһٸ־Ը߽룬̱֮һ
Դӽ֮Ȼ츳еʵ̫ˣʹЩˣг˲ʣξƴһƴ
ȻҪһлЩѣϾ츳Ӷĸ߲˽̵ı֮󣬾ڵһˡ
ʵϣҶ졢޳һͬһطĳţѾӶ߲ע⣬Ϊŷ۾ĴڣЩ߲㾡ܷǳ棬Ҳûʲôֵľٶ
һ㣬Ҷǻ֪
ʱҶϺԼĴͨ
̣ǵӣԷ𣿡Ҷѯʵ
ʱѾľʮλѾ뱦ˡ
ʦһƬɳ֮УʲôûһűȫһЩõɳӣӶЩͷӲƭǰɣЩƵ˵ҷһͼƬ
Ҷ쿴ͼƬһƬɳĮ棬ǳľ޴Զɳ죬ʲôľ
˵̻ˣҶҲˣǱ
Ҫ֪浽ǱԲŽűǡɲ˵ģʵ¼ģڱһʯͷǶǷǳõϡ
֮ûκõĶǱԲŽűǣԲ
ʦ𣬲ԣЩɳӲ򵥣ǳӲ찡ЩǳɰļƷϡ
ۣôֱ࣬ˡ
ʱ̾ϲ
Ҷһ
ǳɰһַǳõϣܶĲ϶ҪֵߣҲ͡
Ҫǣ̷ֵǳɰʵ̫ˣжټֵ
ʦ𣬷ˣҷˣ̻ڴСţҶǳɵЦСӣǿǱǣбǳɰõıЩյˡ
ʦ˼ҿĵһţҪԴԴҪʦʦͽôܸȣò׵õЩǳɰͽȻҪȡһЩЩ̻ỻȡܶ񸫱ҡ˵
񸫱ӶߵȵĻң൱ңֵҲȵģһҵһ񸫱ҡ
ˣʦҪǰˡ֣Щһһģǽ󣬾Ȼûкһ𡣡ð죬ȡ˲ǳɰ֮󣬱ǰ
Ҷ˵űǵһ㱻ռ֣ǽȥʱȻҲܵţĴˡ


1308 
ϣ̵һλڼ̽һ·˲ٱջܴ
Щڱ˵ȴǾţһëֵһᡣ
Ҷʱͨϵʼ˽űǡ
ֱȥµʱ䣬̷ֵıҲһЩϣȻֵͣ˵ô
Ҷ첢ûзϾ̻ڱΧıŻࡣ
ʦҪˡһ죬̴Ϣ
ţǵСĵ㣬ʱϵҶظϢͬʱرΪӶڲȾʼˡ
ĳؾ񸫳ǺպĶ䳡䳡ΪӴһ䳡ΧԲεһλԹһ
ˣ䳡ǰǿƵģս˫ǿ֮սǳԵʵ
ʱѾɽ˺ôλȻȫˣǴظ顣
ЩΪһеףе
Ȼһ⣬бյӶ롣
ҶΪȴһԼİ䣬ͽ޳ס˾档
֪˭һϳ޳Ц˵Щڴôȥˣ֪Щͬ콾ǳɳʲô̶ȡ
Ҫ֪ڵݴ½˵ֻ̫ׯЩǰа֮ӡϷ硢ǣҲΪǿʣʵҪǿ
ռϣѾԽа֮ӵˣǲҴ⣬СЩݴ½콾ǡ
ǽ޳СϷ硢ֻǣһԵҶҲСЩͬ콾ǣЩ˵õӶصһڱڡ
ֻׯܸʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򣬵һѾˣǱ츳ҲϷǲ١
ԣҶҲڴЩ˵ı֣ʱĿǰǿս
úӶĸ߲㽵٣һλλڸ̨ϣǿս
һλʵǿ˵ǽףӶһ״ԲΪҲǺպĴڡ
ʱ׵Ŀһɨ䳡Χʱѻȸ˶·һشؿϣЩֱ׵Ŀƹȥ𽥻ָ
̫ǿˣҶͽ޳һۣļ¡
ľһ񣬶ɱһΡ
״ԲѾվ׵۷壬棬Ǿǿߡ
ʱ׿˵ûһ˸ҳš
Ӷ绶ӭλĵ׸˵ûʲôϻֻǿһڲȿʼ
һʼҶڣΪӶڲȵľһһıԣǵȵϷ硢ҶʥʮǿһϳʱǶˡ
ô£
ǻս𣿡޳Ȼ
ս񵱳ս˼һսȻɱ¾ѡΡ
ǣϷڶ޷ŪͬʵľѪʱǶǱս˭ˣӶľ޴ʧ
ǻսôЩһˡ
Ҷɻ֮ʱǿսеʮǿȫһɫķοռ
һԵſЦ˵Ҷ죬޳Ӷڲǲһڿһɫοռ棬ҲҪž޴мһҿӶڲŪȻΪ˽뱦׼ʮǿ¶뱦ǡ
ҪξΣҶʵ
ʱ޳ԱߵЦҪϷں棬ǿ
Ļ£ʮ棬ͻȻһ޴Ĺޣǻẹ̈ϵƬܺ۾Ѫ죬ģֲ͵سǷ˹
ޣ
Ҷͽ޳ͬʱ
ޣһµƣһ֮ɫ
ҶǰûмޣҲģҽ֮ŵõ˻޵ϸϡ
ʵ֮Ҳ֪ж󣬼
ڵߴҲʮ֮һѣʮ֮أ
Ǿǻ
ǻ޵¡
֮ԽޣΪ֮һƬһĶϲ飬ĵˡ
ֲǣЩɱģ޾
ÿһԶʵΪЩޣеһ˿ϣĻЩ޳һ飬𶼸ɵ
޵ֲ̫֮ˣڵһ飬ҶǴʱôȡ
Ӷ羹ȻûʮţҲ䡣
ȻЩ޵ʵǺǿϾҲСġ
ȻЩ޶ֻλ񼶱ģǾ٣ܹӶӱΪʮǿţͨ
˼ҶЦЦĿеڴŨġ
һԵ˵ص㣬ٶȿ죬ǿ֮һ飬ò˵Ӷĺܴ󡣡
˵ţɫЩˡ
Ҳô档
Ҫ֪Щޱֻ൱λ񼶱𣬵ϾǻޣһСľͻеһţʱӶʧʹˡ
һ㣬ԿӶ
˵Ӷ߲ʮ˵ĺǿ
ٶȿ죬ǿû㰡ɫ֮УҶҡҡͷ
֮о޴ѾٶȣٶĻޣôƾͼСˡ
ȻӶĸ߲ôҪʮŵļ޸Ƴ
Сһǣʼɣ˭ֲסԿ䣬Ϸһʱȳ˭ӲţˣǾͱκˡ׵ڶ䳡Ͽ
Ҷ˿ӶҲʮʧϾһš
˵ӶûôţǲŲô˷ѡ
ĿͶǿսҶ쿴Ϸ硢һѾˣӭЩ޺ȥ
Щ֮УҶصעĻҶʥϾԼĶӣ׵ĵȻҪصע
ʱҶʥܵʮ޵ΧЩ޵ΪȲҶʥһٶȺܿ죬ÿһǳǿ
ȻЩҪΪҶʥ̫ʥ壬֮о̫ݻˮַ
գҶʥѡ˻֮Ϊַ򹥻ǿ
ʮͷ޵ΪҶʥҲȲҶʥǵ֮ͷǳֲˣһʩչͿҶʥҶʥɱжһ֣̫ˡ
Ҷͽ޳ɫһ䡣
֮ôǿ޳ɫٿȻ
һԵ׳ôǿߴЩʥǣôһãûռʮ֮ţ
涼ǱƵһǧһһΣ̾


1309 ŷƷ
û뵽Ӷĸ߲ȻץһȺΪЩŵĥ󡣡Ҷɫضǰǿеһɫ
ʱڻ޵Ĺ£ӶʮȫǿʵΧ۵˾ѡ
ҶĶҶʥҲһҫ۵Ĵڣһȭѣиǲ仯֮Щ޷׷׵ɳȥһĻΧսǾ̾ѡ
Ҷϵܣӵ츳˲ðԲа֮ӡسǲһԵ̾
Ҳ֮ɫ
ҶѾţˣųԪǿţû뵽һ˶ٵĶӣ˵һѻˡ
޳ͷ޵Ҷʥȭ֮ܲУʵĻսֱΪġ
ǵͣҶԵúܸˣϾ׵ģȻϣԼԽԽá
ʥд˽ټӶĺԪĩڽ׾ˡҶ찵뵽
Ҷһ֮⣬ҲҶʥлԪĩڽ׾硣
ʣµģȻ˼ȽǿţΪʱƣǲܽˡ
츳Ҫ׾綼ѣǺʲô
һССӼ̳˵˻ʵѾΣ߳Լ˻֮·
Щ̺ҶʥһӶĥ𽥴ӵײ𡣵СȴûѡӶ磬ǶӰɽʼһϵһϵΣѾСˡ
ԼͽܣҶ첢ûʲôҪ󣬶ԼѡԼ·
С˻֮·Ҫıģ߱طӶĥԼ顣
ôȥˣҶҲ֪ԼͽôǺϵΪСٵ¼
ҶԼͽܣҪôûʲôɾͣҪôͺпܴ漣лԪĩڽ׾硣
գҶǰǿս
ʱһɫеĻֿʼˣÿʮһĴˡ
Ҷʥķ˺ܳʱ䣬Žͷޣڻʣʮͷޣ޵ǿɱ޵ѶҲˡ
ˣҲҶʥòȥеֻɱһͷޡ
ڣڲú󣬺׵쳹ǿս
ˣڻʣʮˡ˵
ҶĿɨ˹ȥʱһɫĻʧˣɫҲʧһӣŴǱ֮ɫ
ղžˡ䡱֡
һ䣬еڶ䣬·Ӧһʱ䣬мѡ˷
䣡
䣡

ʱţԽԽࡣ
䵭𣺡жʮˡ
ǿսڵĶʮǰһƺû뵽Ȼô˸Լһֵزһҧأš
Ҷ췢ҶʥѹҲ𽥱ˣĶͷ϶˲ٺˮΧĻԽԽ࣬Ҷʥֻѡ񱻶ķˡ
ֵø˵ǣֱΪֹݴ½ЩŶûѡ䣬Ϸ硢Ƕһҧڼš
ֻׯΪɣһʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ԸЧʡңǲҶܱ¶Լʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨츳ʩչҲ޼ɵ±˷֡
ֻ𣬵괴ֻأ츳Ͳ飬һ˿ԱȼģҶҲС
ʱֻʱ䷨ԼĹս֮УʹÿһεĹشޣܿܽնɱ
һȻӵĻܶ࣬Ǳֻɱһ롣
ׯܣĿռ䷨ʺ϶͹ֱǻ޵ĿǣĿռ䷨̫ĻЩͱɱˡ
һԵ׶̾һ
ϻһǲķ򣬵Ȼ¡һ漴Ľؿǿսеֻׯܶˡ
лδȵһˡ޳Ҳ˵Ŀϸضֻׯܶˡ
Ҷ۾ţû˵
Ҫ֪ͬʱʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򣬶ַĳɾϣɱׯֻܺǿˡ
ʱҶ쿴ׯֻܺʩչռ䷨ʱ䷨򣬵õ˲پĵãɵÿԽϸˡ
ȻҶʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ܹʹóѧϰ˾ĵãԺʹ͸ӵӦˡ
ʣʮˣ׵ٴδ
ǿսֻʣʮɫˣϷ硢ֻׯܡս޼Ҷʥ̫˶С
ңǵıֻǳۣЩ̾ѡ
ʣʮˣ
ʣʮˣ

׵ϵش
˴ʱЩɫĻѾӵһͷϣʣµЩѾɱһͷˣǴֻܱطֵΧ޵ĹӶӲš
ʣʮˣ
ʣʮһˣ
ź׵Ȼڼֵˣһ񱬷ˣƴȫҲҪס
ʣʮˣ
һˣʣʮˣǾڲȵǰʮ
Ϸǰ֮⣬ˡһһŮŮ츳ϷҪһ㣬ͿҪֲסˡ
Ǹеģȴ쳣ҫۣ츳ϷǲࡣҪǣΪѾﵽλԲ磬ׯֻܺ˿ΪһЩ
СӽŷƷ죬ͷСܴ츳ҲǿӶ߲㣬µһսʱͻѡˡָ˵
Ҷ۾УʱҲŷƷׯܡֻһˡ
ڵھǸŮ֮Ϸ硢Ҳ̵˼ޡ
ս޼Ϸ磬ڹڷͲЩ䡣
Ƭ̺̫ҶʥҲ䣬ʱ˶٣Ͼǵ츳ࡣ
ټǿսϣֻʣׯֻܺ𣬻ŷƷ컹ڼš
ǾڲȵǰھͿ˭ֵܹڣΧ˶ڵɴ۾ţһڴ
ŷƷ죬ŷƽңףųƽҶʱŷƷ죬õϢвɵһû뵽ŷƷıôϾȻһס
ƽŷƽպǿߣȳüҪǿһЩǷǿļ֮һͬʱҲӶȨ֮һӶĴʼŮ
ŷƷ츳ˣСͱƽУӶصңʱ䳤ĶˣԱֻͬλԲ磬ǱׯָֻܺոսλԲǿˡ˵
Ҷü֪˵ʵԷϾСʦָ㣬Ϊս


1310 ʱ䵹
ʣˣ
֪˭ܳŵ󣿡
ŷƷɣϾƽָ㣬Ȼһ򣬵ǵһ򣬸ﲻǶæ

ǿսнʣµţһ߼ۿһţڲ²˭ܳŵ
õĻŷƷ죬Ͼ츳ΰƽָ㣬Ϊսе۷ڣʱҲֻׯʱ䳤
׺ҲΪġ
޳ȴϣֻׯܹõһϾǶݴ½ˣȻϣԼӮ
Ҷ죬أ޳Ҷ죬ʶҶܾˣ֪Ҷ۹һ׼
ңҶʵҲǿ
ѰաҶŽ޳ѯʣɵ˳˼ĿȴǿսеˣƬ̲˵ŷƷҲʶ֪ʲôƣʵļΣֻشׯܴˣҾֻشʤһϾֻشʵͱׯܴǿңֻشͨԴʱ䷨ʱ䷨ĳɾͣҪׯܴڿռ䷨ĳɾҪߵöࡣ
ô˵ׯܴǲܶõһˣǾͿųͿֻشŷƷˡ޳˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ʵռ䷨ʺ϶͹ֿ֮Чǿϧׯܴڿռ䷨ĳɾ̫ˡ
ţҲóһԵͻȻתͷҶ졣
ҲؿҶ죬ɻʵҶϵܣռ䷨һ򰡣ǿоķ׶̽һȻּʶ̫˼ˡ
˵꣬òţΪⲻܰ
ҶȴһԼ׳գ㱩¶ˡ
Ҫ֪ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򣬶һһֻ֣ׯҪǿö࣬һ۾Ϳˡ
ҶܣȻ֪
£ҶװŲЦʵҲʦ̸ռ䷨Ծͺһ㣬ȻĻҲ֪
Щǣǿŷ۾ôܺҶ̸ռ䷨Ҫ֪ŷ۾ҲֻǸոմһıԵѡ
ŷ۾Ͼ̫ˣһҶô˵׺׶ʱٶˡ
Ҷ쿴ǵ飬Ű˿֪˲ܵѯŷ۾¾㵽ΪֹˣֻǰԼ´һҪעˡ
ǿսеıԣ˵Щ˵ڲΪҪϾ׾Ҫ飬ֻгΪ׺޾ʱ䣬ʱٲһ򣬲ŻЧڣһԪĩڳΪףôͷҲûá
޳˵ͷ
Щ˵׾ҪĴ飬ֻ̤׾磬ǲܼʵ۷壬ֻԶֹλԲ磬ӵпλ׵ʵҲﵽ˼ޡ
쿴ǸׯܿҪŲסˡڴʱ׵
Ҷ˶ʱתͷȥǿսеׯѾŲסˣڽͷ޵Χ£Ѿкܶˣ嶼ҪˣƿҪѡˡ
Ȼûãׯܾѡ䣬˳˱ԡ
ǿսϣʱֻʣֻŷƷˡ
ׯ˳ǿս޳˵ׯܴѾܲˣڽͷ޵Χ£λԲ磬Ҳ֧ˡ
Ҷ쿴޳Ц˵̫ǫˣ˵̫Сռˡ
ȻռׯܴҲпռ䷨ҵƲǿٰɡ޳Щɵ˵
Ҷҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ôΪģУռ֮ҪһֻڲŸո̤ռ֮żѡ
ϣˡôһ˵һЩˣϣܹҵռԲʱ򣬲֪Ǹʱʲô޳ɵڴ
һʧģҶЦ˵Ҳڴ
һԵ׺Щɻ׺Ҷϵܣ˵ռ֮ʲô
Լ·ҲмأֻǺ١ҶЩɻؿףԷףȻ֪ռ֮
мҿЩȣ漴æѯΪ׼ǿߣڵȨ޲Ҷ͡
ֻǣ׿ѰĽ󣬾ʹˡ
ԲûȨȡùռ֮ϣڲ׵ĻظϢ
⡭һԵҲˣһõظɵõɴ۾𾪡
ôˣҶ쿴׺𾪵ı飬ɵɻ
Ȩ޲׿Ҷ죬Цȴ˾
ΪףȨѾܸˣȻռ֮϶ѯռ֮δҲ̫˰ɣ
ռ֮⵽ʲôǾȻѯʸûУ档
׳ԣȻڲ߲㲻֪ǾͲش̽
˵꣬׿Ҷͽ޳ȻҲ֪ռ֮ʲôǺȻһ·ǼȻдλԵǾҪúðա
ɴģҲռġҶЦ˵Ŀг˼ᶨ
ʵУѾΨһȷҪҪ
Ҳģ޳Ҳ˵ͷΪĽţҲܣ
찡ʱ䵹
ͻȻһƬӲԶ
Ҷ˿ȥһȺھǲɵÿǿսֻһɫУֻӰͻȻģǻ޺Ĺôʧˣ·ûй
Ȼʱ䵹Ҷ۾һû˵ڣ뵽
ʱ䷨ټϴݴ½Ķʱ䷨ɱֻǿˣѾѧʱ䵹۾Ϳˡ
ʱ䵹ʱ䷨һãܹһһʱ䵹ܹ٣ͿԼʱ䷨ĳɾˣоǿⲿ
˵ֻǽһƴСʱ䵹ôҶɾܰõʱ䵹ôҶȼԼ;ѪҲܰõ
оǣҪ߶ʱ䵹ҪҲǳӴÿһʩչҪĺܶҶҲֲ˶١
ʱֻóʱ䵹˶ڼк;Ҷȴҡͷֻش翴Ҫˣ
ʱ䵹̫ķˣֲֻ˶ãһߵŷƷȻЩǱܹ֧ȥ
һ㣬׺ףǽ޳˽⡣
ȻúֻȻл޵ĹȴΪľòѡ䡣
ֻ֮ŷƷȻҲûҪˣҲ֮ѡ䣬ɹȡڲȵĵһ


1311 
ϧ޳ҡҡͷЩź˵ǸŷƷҲֲ˶ˣҪֻشټһӮˡ
ô˵ֻشǿʱ䷨ͰˣŷƷȷҶ˵
޳ߵǿƽָ㣬ʱ䳤öֱֺܹ࣬ҪǸֻشͬԴ϶ǿ
Ȼ֪ôӶĸ߲Ҳ֪ȻڲŷƷӮˣӶĸ߲϶ῴóֻׯܡϷǵǱ󣬻صǵġҶЦ
޳˵ͷȻҲΪģϾӶĸ߲ҲɵӣѾֻǵ̽ˣȻ֪ǵǱΡ
෴һս̻߲߲ǣȴһɫѿϾӶһӳôо޴ǱţЩˡ
ˣӶڲȵԲʱ򣬺׵ѹڳ˵䳡Ͽջصš
׼˵Ҫһ˾ϲϢȻڳһЩѾ֪Ϣˡ
˵ţͻȻϢǡǷһмˣȫûпŵ״̬

ȻҶ֪ˣڳȻкܶ˲֪˿һʱķ
ǣֱž޴
ЩǻãϾǶ֪ϢЩǣȴһϲѡ
мǾͶãǵĴԵ
ʱһ˶Ͱ͵ضźףڴ׺Ļ
Ȼ֪˵˼˵ǰѾһλŽȥ̽ѰˣҲ˲õϢڻƵͼƶ滮׼ڲ֮ŵڶŽ롣
һŵĿʱһȫ˺ס
ʣ˭ҪڵڶУȡûԵҲһɳ죬Ԫĩڽס
ȻӶſԽ룬̻ᣬֻҪо޴ǱţԽС׸˵һ˶ʱ˷ܵػ̻Ҳ˷ܲѣ֪ӶĿˡ
һȥѯԼĳɣӶڲȵʮǿ˵꣬ȥˡ
ʣµȴǽͷӶһЩǣȲѯԼĳǣõĶ˵Ļûеõģɥ
Ҷͽ޳ҲԻصԼסˡ
ӶεʮǿҲʮˣҲࡣҶ̾
׵˵ͷ˵ӶűǵķߣȻʸȡռһʣµһ룬Ҳʮռ˶ʮĸ̻ռ˰˸
ʮĸܹЩˡҶʱЦ
εмıֻλλȥʸȥˣҲа֮ӡسˣоҶ졢޳Ѿﵽλ񾳽磬ųĳš
ȻܻŵҪһЩҲʸõ
ô˵ǶˣڶŽʱһݺ󣬵ʱӶĸ߲ͳһ۳ǲȥˣֻ񸫳ǵˡ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ǿͷɴˡ
ñ㣬ҲһЩЩǾ۾ˡ㣬һҪúðסλᣬȡȡһЩҲЩòǽһõõʵΪкܴĺô׳
Ҷ˵ͷĴûᣬȻŹ
ʮ㣬ϾʵνŵУǿһеģջԷ
Ҷ죬Ǿһۣúս޼
ҶԣɵÿЦؿף˵ɴ磬ȳȥһˡ
˶İɣԺȥսҲսѣҲҵȥˡ׹һЦ漴ʧ
Ҷ漴ˡ
ӶڲȽֻҲˣǾҶͽ޳ˣһȺݴ½ţٴξۻˡ
ʣһݣһһߺȾƣһߵȴһݺı֮С
ھϣʵҶ֣ĵзϢ𣿡
Ϸ硢ǲɵöҶ죬޳Ҳˣ˶Աǳ˺棬ϾǰǶûм
Ǵһ֣ԼҶ쵱̴ĶͨЩ˹ۿ
ǳɰȻô࣬찡
ʲôȪҲкܶడ
ⱦֱǱ

һ߿һ߾̾
һ·̽Ѱÿʱÿ̶ȻֵǺܸߣܶ࣬һӴԴۺ첻ѡ
ս޼ɵƵ˵Ϊʲôǵһ룿ô౦ɶһٸСˡ
ֻЦģǱƽҪö̫࣬ǿˣǵʵ̫ܹУܹõٱĺñڻûЩֵ̽ġ
ֻش˵Ĳ˵ͷ˵Ŀǰ̿ЩȻΪڲصĶʵϲЩֻЩʵǲıŶô
ٺ٣ڴЦ˵
˶ڴ
һݵʱܿ͹ȥˣõǣڸԳĴ£񸫳ǵĳŴ
ʱһҾ޴ۣͣڳŴС
ɣͻȻһߴӰ֮˳Ǻ
̧ͷȥֻһ˫ҵĿɨӶǸоޱȵĴۣ֮ӡ
ǿ
˵ĸо
ȻһλµǿߣλǰǿмǵӶ߲㡣
Ҷ죬Ӷһλ״ԲǿߣͣڣǾ԰ȫ״˵
Ҷ˵ͷ֪ЩжļϸߵҲһλףʲôҲ״ԲǿߵĶ֡
Ͼ״ԲѾ۷ˣսǶĴڡ
ǿ߻ͣȻǰȫġ
Ͼܹ뱦ǵţӶ磬̻ĳţҲʲôʧ
а֮ӣ
а֮ӣ

ϷǷ׷׺а֮Ӵка֮Ӻس硢׿ǸոմʥǸ
һţһ߷ɽ֮ڡ
ڲ仯ҶֱŪһ޴ĿЩݴ½Ѿһ
а֮Ϊ˶к
ȻʱҶʥɫͻȻһ䣬ŵؿҶ죬ףˣʦֳˣϿ½
ʲô
̳ˣ
ҶԴʧɫΧҲɫһ䡣
̿ڱ֮Уܹʲô£


1312 
ҶʥľҶʱɫ䣬æ½ȥ˲ͿԼδϢ
ıԼӷϢо̷Ϣ
ҶʱǷϢ֮һͻ
Ҷ磬̳ˣˮѷ죬ѷԽԽࡣ
ˣ̵ˮһǣϲѯˣһ˵Ѿ˳˯Զˡ
Ҷ硭

ľѩüŮ̷Ϣ
Ҷظһ䣺ѾյҴ
ظ֮Ҷ̷ϢһʮǰһЩϢ㱨ǵ
ֱϢͳˡ
һϢ˵̷ħǿߣұ׷ɱʱûΣա
һϢȵϢڱǸħǿ׷ɱѪħǿߣħǿ߱ѪħǿɱΪûбԷԽӹһ٣Ҳܵش˯
ң̻Լڵλ÷Ҷ졣
֮󣬾ҲûϢظˡ
ȻѾ˯ˣ֪
Ҷ죬ô£̫ɫ΢Ҷ죬ɵʵһԵֻҲ˹
Ҷ콫˵һ飬ɫѿ
λһ˳˯˵ܵصƣʹҷӶ˳˯
ֲûʲôΨһֲ˲֪ʲôʱãֱѹ
Ͼ飬ο̲һָҪʱ䣬ҪƲˡ
Ҷ쵣ǵʱڴڼ䣬ʲôΣգǾˡ
ң̵ϢҲ˵ˣű֮ѾѪħħǿˡ
ûгֹ飬ܳ֡
ϾѪħħǿܹűǣֱǲܣ
ô£֮вһ㲻Σôжǿ߶ˣս޼ɻ
һԵĽ޳ǵжħǲǵжԵģѪħı߽ǵνģ
ȷһɵ㡣̫˵ͷ
ֻɫ˵鲻ͬѰӶĸ߲ɡ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ֻׯܽ۵ˣϾʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨һӶ߲еλܸߣܹ˵ϻ
ܿ죬ֻׯܾյ˻ظ
ô׷ʲô飿Ҷæʵ
޷ʱϵǣֻϣӶĸ߲ܹˡ
ǣ
ʲô
޳Ҳֻ
ֻüγ⣬ǿűǲһ뱻ҵĿռʵ֮仹ʱ֮
ʲôԾ
Ҷɫһ䣬ʱ
ʱֻ˵ͷ˵ΪʱĹϵʹߴ򣬶еطűǽ㣬ȥˣͻߴǿߡ
찡ʱּʺС飬Ȼˡս޼ࡣ
ռ浽ǵģʱͺˣϾʱſġ
ʱʱռĽϣȻ󣬾Ҳ޷Ū
Ĵڣеģǳϡ٣ҲûмʱЩ׻˼ٸԪûпһΣû뵽ξȻˣһһűǡ
ѹ̻ѪħħǿߣҶ찵뵽
ʱʱͿռڲͨκεطԲŻѪħħǿ֣߳ǿߡ
ô죿ʵ
ׯ˵ˣЦõģǵļƻ䣬ȻǵڶСңǽĿĲѰҪûնɱЩжǿߡΪǵõϢЩ˶ǵжţһÿɱһкܴĹͣǵӶ֡
ȻӶ֣
ս޼ϷԷ׷׾ϲ
Ҫ֪ӶҪӶֻͨ񣬶Щ񶼷ǳѣõĻԽ࣬ԽѣǺ׬ȡ֡
ڣֻҪɱЩжǿߣܻüֵƵĻ֣Ƕ˵̫ˣˬˡ
ף
ʱҶͽ޳Լа֮ӵһţҲյϢ
Ϣ˵ֻҪɱһжǿߣʵ츳һҡ
ʱҶһ۾·һȺǿһȺƵġ
Ϊ뿪ʥ֮Ѿ׬ȡˣû뵽Ȼĺûᡣ޳˵ĿޱȵϬͬǻƲ񷡣
ϴαѪħǿ߰ɱɱһЩţȡһϢҶ˵
ٺ٣Ƕһα֮УһҪλ񾳽硣а֮š
һߣ̻ǣҲյڲϢ
һֻͬҪɱһжǿߣܹý
ˣЩжǿ߼ȻţôͿܴ౦һɱǣȻҲܹǵıһſ顣
ȻҶҲǰ׳գ֪Щжǿ߲ô׶ԸģҲСľ
Сһ㣬ʱϵһɵֵĵˣˡֻ˵
̫Ҳ˵ȻţҲ֪жԸѪħһֱѹͷϣ˵ǲСһҪСĵ㡣
⣬ǰǿĶ֣Ҳͨ˴˴ݣҲׯܲ
Ҷ˶˵ͷϴϾǵݴ½ڰ꣬µˮ©ֵ
СһǣиϢҪǣ
ʱһֳϵ
ǶϤ۵ˣλӶĸ߲㣬һ״Բĳǿߡ
ʱҶ˶ˡ
ղʥʥЭ飬Ϊűǵ⣬Ǿλϵǿ߽롣ԣűĵжǿߣҲֻλ񼶱𡣡
λΰڵĻҶȴ۾һһ˷ܡ
ΪΪƣԼΪߺܶĵˣͳԴˡ
ڣЭ飬ǾͲ¡
Ҷ죬Ѿﵽλھ磬ֻׯܵ˵ƴ̫ˡ
űҪΪѪɫˣа֮Ц˵Ŀгɱ
ս޼Ҳһս졣
ǶǴˣ֪ʥԼʥôĿģΪԼű˴ɱӶĥ³ţͬʱҲܴжԵ򣬻Լһٶá
Ȼ˭ЦջҪ˴ŵʵ


1313 ܼ
Ҷˣǵλǰٶ졣
һ·ϣϵϢӶﴫ͸ֻׯܵˣҶ֪
ݿɿϢһһλѾʮλλ˯
Ѫħħˣħˡ
Ҳˡ

һϢǰڵʮλŶء
ΪֹߴŻ϶뱦ˣˣΪֹжһ˶ûлܡ
һһλţֻҪıˣϲǱó˯ֱӱɱˣһʤ
ȻһĲ򶥼ţҲȴֻսúܶĸ߲㶼ģҶǶг˳ء
ãλűɱˣһ죬ׯ˵
Աߵֻս˫ȭŭ˵ѪħˣΪֹǵһһλѾʮ˱ɱˣʮλǱѪħɱ
һᵽѪħ˶ŭ
ѪħУ˴Էսࡣ
飬ֻҪ˴Ǿභֳǲ뿪ġ
ſ϶ţȻôս޼ŭ
ֻҡҡͷˣһһĶǶţ̽·ġŶһ·ϣƱǻҪ
ׯܵ˵ͷ˵洫Ϣűд붼ԵǵִﱦǣŶûеִﱦǡ
ô˵ͬǶ߼ţźѪħıȻȫҰܣս޼ɴ۾š
ԱߵĵϷ硢а֮ӵҲһء
ѪħǵħţҲ˲Ұܣ⣬⣬ˣҲó˯ұסһڻ֪ׯܳ˵
Ҷ졢޳ĬȻ
սѹĸ߲ŭˡ
Ǿ뱦ǻжãΣа֮ɭ˵
ԣҲ̧ͷտտս졣
һʱ䣬ȾͿԵִﱦˡûֻׯܿڣһϵ㴫˶С
۵ˣһλ״Բĳǿߡ
˲ɵöһۣȻλΰĴҲŭˣʼ׼ǰ͵ǡ
¡¡
ƿգһ񵶣նƲ񷣬ʧڻ֮С
һʱ䣬ȻҶ˵ȴǷǳ
ΪһڣһõϢǰ
һһλţѾʮ˳˯ʮˣֻʣʮڹӲд
ʮˣһ˶ˣֻмӴĻڼѰұ
Ȼһһһλţеսġ
ΪЩһܳ쵼ߣۼ˶ʮһԶ٣͵ϮնɱѪħźħţԼʮš
ǶϣЩжҲϡ
ԣ鱻Ѫħһʮ˵ĶˣǸܳ쵼ߣȫɱˡ
һβҰֱӵĵһֻʣʮˣ޷ֻܷɢжӲƴ
͵ˣ˵ٴδ
ʱбĿʮλǣȫ۾һ˫⣬ս졣
Ҷ졢޳ˣսȭͷɱ
Ѿȴ̫ˡ
סˣű²Żִﱦǣڼ䣬ǾֻɱЩжš۵˼˵
ȻЩжҲǰ׳գǿ϶ŽǵսҲҪСģ淭˴
۵ѵ
˶˵ͷ
ʱգۼڴĿУڵִ˱ǡ
Ƿǳ󣬱ͨҪ򱶣ԶԶȥͷ·𿴵һյľ޴壬ֱ߼ʡ
찡Ǳǣ̫ˣ
һ߳۵ţǰıǸˡ
ҶҲ̧ͷȥ𾪲ѡ
Χɢ߲ʹͬһ߲ʹӣΧýǳ߲ʹӸݻˡ
͸߲ʹӣǿԿһž޴ǳͷףѤʡ
Ǳǡ
ٴһ㣬ǿǵʵܹеҲûжˣԷУٶҲ̫졣
۵˵
ǰʮλţɶԪĩţκһʧˣۡ
ǰģ
֪ˣ

һŹͷ漴ǰıǡ
Ҷ죬һ߲ʹӣǾͻᱻ𴦣Сĵ㣡޳ԱߵҶ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ҲСĵ㣬Ѫħţǧܴ⡣
İɣҵʵ򲻹ѵ𣿵ʱģҾ֪ͨ㡣޳Ц
а֮Ҳ˹˵ԸЩжţܽʲô壬еǿߣҲֻɱˡ
ȻЩж˽ʲôƽǲǰ׳𣡡Ҷߵ
Ҷ˵ĲαԸˣһеǿߣҪ֪ͨˣǲܣݴ½һҪŽֻҲ˵
Цֻشģݴ½Žˡ
һ飡ʱ˵Ҿݴ½Ӧһ̽ǣΣգһ˴Ϣ֣ո󡣡
۾һ
ֵ˶ˣ˱÷䡣
ֻˣôʱƽ֣Ҳ׺ܶࡣ
Ҷ쵱ͷ޳ɡ
ֻׯҲͷ
Ҳû
ǾôˣȽ뱦֮Ǳ˴˿ˣȻٱ˴˾ۼ̫˵
˽ǵͷ漴ǡ
һߣǣҲڱ˴顣
ڳŶǰ׳գһǴ֮Ҳв
ӶڲȵĵһŷƷ죬츳Ҳǿ󣬾вԸϡ
ȻҲһЩԸ°ѡ˶С
֮Ƭ֮ʮλȫ߲ʹӣʧһƬѤĹâ֮С
ݵ˿ǰıǣ΢΢̾ЩСһǣ֪ܹж˿ԻųôҲ֪ǶǴ
ڴʱԱߵѿһߴӰ˳ߵЩСһﶼԪĩڵţȻ츳ʱ䲻ˣƴһ£ԪĩڽףҲûʲôֱ𡣡
˵Ҳ֣ԪĩھȻôĳţҪڼԪڵԪ»ᵮס˵


1314 
Ǳǡ
Ҷ쳯ǰ߲ʹӷȥҲ֪ôγɵģ𵤣ޱʵȻ޷͸߲ʹӡ
һӣΧ߲ʹâޱȵѤ̵۾Щ
ǣҶȴиܵһϤ
Ϥ
ʱͿռ䣡Ҷһ𵤶ʱҵĹâǿ۳һ֮Уʹ˫ɫ۾˲ųҵĽ⡣
һ˲䣬Ҷ쿴һƬ߲ʵ磬ʱ֮Ϳռ֮Ƭ֮н֯貵ԡ
ֻϧûҶƬ̣˱㱻һǿоˡ

ǡ
һƬï֮ܵУҶӰƾճ֣ײһÿӣʹ񺣶һƬɫĲˡ

ҶסΣڵĿ⳯ܿȥȴֻܿһƬĵ񺣡
ҶͷųԼΧ̽ȥ
ȻΧ֮ɢһɹǿѹѹƵֻŵΧԲһ
һܴ󣬵Ҷ˵ű˵ȴ̫Сˡ
Ƭ񺣶ֹԲһ
û뵽Ҳѹˣһ𵤣û𵤣ңŵԲҶ찵뵽
ⲻԴ֮ǰ̴ϢҲֻܽŵԲʮ
޳ЩϵţҲŵԲ
Ҷ𵤣걾Ѿƣ׼ǿߣǿ󣬵ҲŵԲһ
ɴ˿ɼűϵѹ̫ǿˡ
ѹǿ󣬲ѹҶǿҲҶٶȸѹˡ
ңΧĿռҲǳļ̣ҶţԼþȫ²ǿƿ
⻹Ϊ˿ռ䷨ԵʣĻ޷亳
޷˲ƣеٶȶҪҶ첻ɵ۾Զ
һ̴ͨϢе֪ˣԲûʲôȣϾ޷˲ƣҲ޷˲ƣҶܵűǵѹѹƣֲֻһ˱ѹƣҶǴһƽĵط
̸Ҵĵͼ֮УûǱ͵һδ֪ĵˡҶüͷ
ʱĵ̵İΣϾ˯ȻʱûΣգһ
ԣҪҵ̳˯ĵط
ϧ̫ûһĵͼҲ֪̳˯ĵط
Ҷ죬ʲôطú󣬽޳ͨϵҶ졣
ֻ̫а֮ӵݴ½ǣҲڱ˴ϵ˭˭Ȼۼһ
Ҷ췢ǾԼԶҲ
ȷɳƬ˵Ҷ찵뵽漴ر̤ն𣬿ʼС
񺣷ɳ߼ʣҶʱеٶֲ죬Ҳ֪ʲôʱԷꡣ
ף
ȻеҶ죬֮˸һЩɫĹâһһģһ׵Ϣ
һ˿ģҶ쵱ͣסӣɫâ֮ȥ
һȥҶʱ۾һΪǰһϽɫӣͺͺûһƬ֦ҶΧɫ׵磬˸ǳѤ
񣡡Ҷ֮ɫ
һּƷĵرЩ˽׾Ž׵ļƷϣǳ󣬼ֵܴ
Ҫ֪ǳѵҪһε׺ըлǳϡ٣˶ǳ
û뵽ҵôãҶЦЦæԼ֮С
ҶƬ񺣴ҵ˼ջ񲻴
ţˣ
ҶüͷһԶ
ַΧ֮ڣһİˣһεɽ֮Уƺˡ
˵ϢЩ⣬Ҷûм˲Ͳ³ˣ˿϶Ǳš
֪ĸģҪѪħģǾһܷŹҶ찵뵽
ԷħģôҶ϶ϵóϾҲħ֪ħϢ
£Ҷ쳯Ŵڵɽλ÷ȥһ·ע١
ΪҶַΧܴˣȴûз
ɶû뵽һȻҸˡ
ߣߴ֮ͣҪҲѪħ򶷣
һϲɱЩţǿҵѪħ֮ǿ󡣡

ɽ֮Уİ˽գѪħһǳţѾɱ˲źˡ
ǰã˶һǳţ֮ҴսһȻɹնɱԷǰƴҲոشˡ
ԣղŶڴ˵ˡ
ϾǵĶһһţȻԸҲ˵£Щš
ţѾ߰˳ɣټ˷ʱˣȺҲҪˣһҪڴ֮ǰָȫơվɭĿ⿴ɽ֮⡣
͵õϢһʱ䣬ЩžҪִﱦˡ
ͬڱնɱȺţεĶţɶԪĩһȺţҲС
룬ҲҪָ۷״̬
Ҫٻָ۷״̬Ǿֻһ·ߣҵһţɡ
ŵ޸׳ԼѪħ֮壬ΪʲôѪħˡ
˫ѾûкͽĿܣѾݡ
ţˣ
ͻȻ̧ͷɽա
һӰԶܿͳǰ
Ҷ졣
ϤϢһţҲȫѹ򣬹۾һЦһɽ
һɳ죬ڸ߿УɢһƬѪɫ磬Χضסˡ
ҶʱͣסӣңңŶƴѪɫ磬͵رҵ⣺Ѫħţ
һ̣ҶЦˡ
ɰ
һϵģѪħţԩ·խ
ǲ֪ңЦշҶȻЦˣɵһ̧־ͳҶѹȥ
¡¡
һֻѪɫƸǲ񷣬ⷽضѹˡ
ͬʱΧ˷ϵѪɫƺ޾գ漫𺳡
ҶüͷһЩȣһﲻѪħţʵȷС
Ҷ̧ƣӭϣͷųһƬҵĽɫ⣬ǳҫ۶Ŀ
䣡
һ֮Ҷ˿Ѫɫƣȫݻˡ
𾪺ͲŵضҶ졣
λ۷壿磬ʵˣѹܹնɱһЩš
Ҷ۾ղŵһƣѾ֪˶Ѫħŵʵ
Ϊʵˣѹֿ׵ػɱЩһš


1315 նɱ
ôܣôôǿ
𾪵ؿǰҶ죬۾ɵϴг˲š
ȻƲź߰˳ɣţҲһս
㵽˭
ճʵ
Ѿ˴𰸣ΪѾҶΪԶԼڴ֮ǰûзһΪԶԼ
֮ǰţ϶ǲһмģҲðӡ
ҶԼ͸Ϊֱ֣ܳǵڶ½š
λ񡭡ɫһѾ⡣
Ȳ˵ڶ츳ǿ󣬾͵ΪѾԶԶˡ
˭ҶʱȤشŶգЦһˣбҪ֪ҵ֣
Բѣһ̧ƣѪɫӶޱߵɱ¾ϢϯΧնɱһƬѺۣſֲ
ȻԼȴٺˣȻҪû뿪
¡¡
һֻֻѪɫľһѪɫӺ񷣬һͷѪɫҡͷβŭˡ
ܵ𣿡ҶЦйâһѪӵѾˡ
ղѪħĶţҶΪҲԷ̫࣬ҪװѪӵ
İע֮£ѪɫѪӵ貵Ľɫâͬһҵ̫һ㣬âҫ۶Ŀƺˡ
䣡
Ҷһ£ռᴩУƥĵâЯſֲǰض롣
ȻûмװҲûʹΪټռĳɾͣһȻҲʮ־ˣö𺳲ѡ
⵶
г˾
ֲֿĵ⣬ǰδǵһμôµĵ
ʹѪħҲǵһμôµĵϵĵ⣬ܵ˾޴ѹͬϢһ㡣
Ȼ𾪣ڿûʱЩΪǹɴӵâ洫ݶѾסˣΧѪɫȫһһĨϮ
ѪħȻŭȴǱԼѹؼ
ÿһѪħ飬ӵԼѪħһе츳Ѫħǵ廹ҪǿѾǵΪһ塣
ȻѪħȻǿ󣬵Ҳȱ㣬ǾںϵѪħһ˻٣ôҲ
෴ȻȲѪħǼ㱻ݻ٣Ҳָܹ
Ѫħ̫СˣҶ쿴Ŷڶľ޴Ѫɫ壬ɵ֮ɫ
ǰЩѪħװɱһսʱλѪħġҲչԼѪħǾ޴壬أſ磬ǳ𺳡
ǰյѪħȻҲСͬһСɽλѪħȴС׼ף̫Զˡ
ȻǰССλλ׶ԱȣһЦ
ȴǲ֪ҶʶѪħλ׼ǿߵѪħΪԷЦԼɵòȻŭƴɱҶ졣
ʱѾ֪ԼӲˣֻƴһսҲһ
ȻҶĵâ̫ˣһһÿһ˺˲գնʱⳤӣյѪħƵ޿ˡ
ৣ
һնյѪħ棬һѪ
ȻѪħ飬յѪҺҲǽɫģʵһԣѪҺǽɫġ
ɫѪҺҲǹϵѪҺѾѪҺ˼¡
׺ѪҺǽɫġ
ҲдԣѪҺ߲ɫģдԣѪҺԱ仯ˣûɫƣΪʲôɫ
ȻⲻҶעģһ߽գһȡϷɽĽɫѪҺ
Ҫ֪ѪħѪҺһ润ıЩĵرҪõöࡣ
ʵֽѪħͿԿóǵġѪжô⡣
ΪѪħ飬ӵ츳ȻЩ޲ԶˣҲǳֲ
һ·϶йأ౦ҲʹǵѪҺ̺֮ЩǵѪҺΪı
񼶱ѪħѪҺһеɱ¾ħԣõҺһˬˣܼԼԣĳɳ˵һֲɶȡıﰡ
ҶһȡŷɽѪҺһ߹Ц
ա
ʵϣҲʵôŭ
ѪħţȻǶţԪĩڣҲܴ԰Ѫħڵļ󳬼
֮ǰҲնɱţν緢û뵽ȴ˱˵Ѫֱǳ谡
Һƴŭ𣬷ɱҶ죬ȻԼƣȻ׼ƴˡ
̫ˣߣҶһΪѾﵽλڣͱǿ̫ࡣ
ңҶ츳Ҳǿգ˸û˿ɱԣ̫ˡ
Ҷ쿴Ѫħĵƶ¶ˣҲϷˣԷ̬ʼһ֮ǰǿˡ
䣡
ԼԼ֮УտһɫӡҶĵâ֮УʹöԷâǼɳâ貶Ŀպգƥס
ҶϵӡױԼռ
һѾҶûʹʱ۷һˣâֱ£ȴųĵƬա
ǹĵƣһգǿѹöԷ޷
ճ˽ٶҲܵصƣ޷Ҷһ

ҧ
ֻӲһ
꣡
쵶â¡£ŵƺˣ
յĲҺ֮УѪħױˣдڳԩ꣬˻
һɫѪɫڳһźѪԻĹǳͿֲ֮η
ЩǱɱɵ飬궼ˣǵԹڣΪյϣꡣ
ʱյѪħҲ֮ЩԹһ˳ΧŰеҶ죬ɱ⡣
ǽѣ
Ҷͺһһ޾ĵչֻ֣ͬһ㣬ЩԹһ˽ȥʧһƬѿĿռ֮ڡ
һ̣һƬֻʣյ񣬱Ҷ
ȻһЩҲҶ
вٱҶ鿴һյıʱϲ֣ΪջԶԶԼԤϡ
Ҳԣɱ˲ţȡ౦˿ȫҶõȻˡ
Ҷ쵱ϢԼЩݴ½ĺǣʱս޼һ۴ţ׼ɱš
Ѫħţ׵壬ϾʵǿЯıࡣ


1316 ͵Ϯ
ô౦ҿ㷢ˣ
ЩűͲһЩɱ˲ˣԱô࣬ȷһ⡣
ĿĵѰұıֱЩһ

Ҷڽ뱦֮ǰѾŪһƵֻݴ½ſԽ롣
ʱҶ콫ԼսƷƵڣս޼ȫˡ
Ӷǰ˵ĶŻһ²ִܵﱦǣڴڼ䣬ǾɱţЩжģһҪŹֻ˵
յ
ֻشģȺһһɱһɱһ˫
ѪħǲϲѷŹǵѪҺǵƤ

˷׷˵ս졣
Ⱥţһ뱦֮󣬱ͬȺһΧ̽ȥʼš
ȻҲЩýģʼ˴
ׯܺ͵ý˱һѰұ׷ѰЩжŵ䡣
⣬Ϸа֮ҲýҶʥֻýҲڱ˴˿
ֻҶһ⣬֪͵ʲôطΧûзݴ½ЩѣŶû
Ҷ첢ûκεĵǣΪԼʵǳţ㲻֣Դǡ
ԼҶʥİΣڷҶʥֻ֣ͷĶˡ
Ҫֻ֪ʵǾ飬Ƕݴ½һжġ
ңֻʱ䷨ʵ֮ǿ½ӽ޳
⻹ΪֻֻλԲ磬λ񾳽ʵ͸ǿˡ
ңﵽλԲ磬λ񾳽ҲԶˡ
Ҳűϣֻܽλ񾳽磬һǿߣҶʥİȫ֪
οҶʥʵҲ˵ϣһЩҲˣҶȻܷġ

رҶԼսƷ֮ҵһЩȱĵͼȻƴϸۿ
ЩȱĵͼһЩԼԼߵƵģԼƵģбŻƵģɱҲͱ
ȻЩȱĵͼȫҶˡ
ЩͼκһŶҪ̴ĵͼǿˣһһƬ
ҶܿЩȱĵͼҵԼλãҲƬɫ񺣡
ƬɫΧһƬ޴ïܵԭʼɭ֣һÿøߴĲֺãã֮
⣬ϱ߻һȺɽϵ緢ȵҽɫĹâأ¶ȸߵĿ¡
һƬѩԭ֪ж󣬷Щͼ棬û浽˾ͷ
ҶڵƬɫ񺣣ֻǿɭֵһСطѡ
Ҷڵķٶȣٹ죬ܷɳƬ񺣣Ǿ޴ԭʼɭˡ
ĵͼƬѩԭ
Ҷȡ󷢸ĵͼһ£ɵüͷ
ֵø˵ǣҵڵĵˣҲƬѩԭ
Ƭѩԭ̫ˣ̷ֻһͼҵõ
ҶЩơ
ô˵иĿˣȴƬɭ˵Ҷҡҡͷ漴񣬼С
Ҳû취ϾŸոս뱦ǲãֻܶŵͼƬѩԭȥ
ô˵ȵƬѩԭ֮оôѰ̵䡣
ԼҶڷɹ񺣣ïܵĴɭ֮С
ȻڣҶҲջ˲пǲǱǣǵǱ
ףݣ
Ǻǻ
ⲻҶɣ

һɭ֣Ҷ㽫ͷſһСĵ̽ΧĻһѰܵı
˵ҵ˲ĵرһǳֵͣ˷ܲѡ
ЩȻòţҲܹ׬ȡҡҶ찵뵽
ֻҪңڲһЩԼõıԼʵ
գҶڴɭ֮С
ֻҶô󡱵طУȴҲԼ¶ˣϾзǳɾܶܲˡ
ⲻһħţԶ֮⣬һ۾Ϳ˷еҶ졣
ţϣ
̹˶̧ͷԶգɵüëһ۾һ
Ȼѹˣ޷̽鵽һ̽鲻۾
Ϊ飬Ϊǵ۾Ѿ㹻ߵĵزֻҪûС赲ǿԿʮﶼпܡ
ҶУȻûж赲һ۾ͱ̹˶ˡ
ֱǻӰһǰ׳𣿾Ȼôŵطϣβ㳢ѵߣ̹˶ɭЦţһ߳ҶǱȥ
ֻȻˣϧȴ֪Ҷ̽鷶Χһ̹˶ûпҶʱѾҶˡ
ħģҶ̤գȴһ˿ЦΪѾ̹˶ټˡ
ԷǱ
ħˣҶһ۾ͿˣԷǱʹħǺڰϵħ
һû㣬ԼȴˣߣҶЦ
ԷĵǱʲôĿģһҲû˿װŲ⣬ǰȥ·ûз̹˶Ĵڡ
ţʱ򣡡
̹˶ڽӽҶһʱ򣬱͵س֣׼
һ»ûзңôͻȻϮ㷴ӦٿҲһģߺߣ̹˶Ц
Ȼһ̣̹˶ϵЦݱˡ
ΪӭĲҶĻ뾪ȣһ񵶡
ҶЦݣеѪӵѾųҵ⣬ֲĵâӵǧɳ̹˶һû
ôܣ̹˶־ŭ
Լ͵ϮôڿȴҶ׼
һ£Ҷţ̹˶Լˡ
Ӧٿ죬Ҳû뵽ҶѾҹ˲ӽ
ִ֮䣬̹˶ʵǳǿ󣬵ҲֻǿԼǰһơ
˲ħ
ڰ֮ܣ̹˶ΧڰҲĺڰ۶ǰ۳һ޴Ķƣһں档
Ȼ̹˶û¶ɵɫ֮ɫʼ
˲ħȻ㣬ҲоԣǾԽǿħԽ˲
ԣڰ̹֮˶ķħ֮УֻһķħѣûĿڰܾ֮͵סյľ񵶡
ֻǣû̹˶ħ꣬ǱѾֱ£ǿ鵲ǰĺɫ˲飬ֲͬһƬɫĺûںڰԨ֮С
ҶռһССĺڰ֮ܿԵֵģ
ûԼĺ֮е̹˶ҶһЦͳ
͵Ϯ
ֱ


1317 ɱ
һô£ҶԼջ
ʱѾնɱǸħǿߣõ˲ٱ
һ﹥û뵽ϵıﻹȲաҶһ㣬һߵ
ʵҲ̹˶Ȼˣմ»ոʤһ
ħǿߣͨǹǿԶͬףһ㣬ǾҪЩǿħҪԽǿħԽ
ѾЩϤ˲ϤˣҲҪһʱ䣬ʱ䣬ʱ
ЩħǿһȺƻͷǳˡ
Ҷţ֪ħ򶦶ħţħʦɣһϷħɱһס
ѪħǿħħʱҪСĽҴ⡣
䵥ħʦֻҪԷҵ͵ϮϾͲõġ
ΪЩħʦʱ򲻹Ҳˡ
ףȻһЩħ鼮ͻȻҶ۾һ
̹˶ġ֮УһЩħ鼮мһЩǿħһЩħľ顣
ЩڰϵħȻòţȴԽ³˹Ҷ뵽Լ³˹ɵ΢΢һЦ
Щ˵ûô˶ǮϾòš
³˹˵ȴ
³˹ѾҶˣڰɽ񶼣ҶǴ񶼵ġҵ˵ġܼҡ
һûйҲп͡
Ҷţ͵Щħ鼮׼ȥٽ³˹
鿴ջҶҡҡͷвûʲôرȤı
һЩĵر̹˶ڱռģɱõģоһЩħȻһЩӵҶ˵һЩû
ң˫ϵͬҶҲ޷Щħ
£ҶֻǽЩĵرһ£·ǰƬѩԭȥ
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̫ˣߴһ˼һǧңһʱɱڿ˶ˡ
ǶɢҪѣ
Ҷһ߷Уһ˼š
Ҷȡĵͼۿüͷ
ȻˣҶʱԣ׼ȽҵϾһ֣̾һΣա
̷ֻݵͼʵûʲôص㣬ֻһƬããѩԭΧҶȥѰң
ֱǴ밡
ǰһƬѩԭҶ첻ɵЦ
ֻһѰˣգҶε̾˿һٵξѪԻһپ߷ѩԭ˷̽ȥ
һ˵ͿԻǧ򣬸˵Ҷ
Ǳǣѹ̫ǿͨĻֲסƬ̣ͻԶѹ壬˵ˣ߳С
ҶЩþѪԻķȴѾһɵʵ֧ڱж
ҶҲֻܺķһٵξѪٶĻҲҪԪˡ
Ȼкܶ౦ԻָѪ˭֪ЩĶʲôʱҪһô죿
ԣҶҲҴʺķѾѪҪԼ۷״̬ԱӦʱĴս
ңһپ߷̽ƬѩԭˣȻƬѩԭЩ󡭡
ʱһһš
Ҷ̽ѩԭʱҲͨעݴ½ǵ
ȣׯܺ͵֮Ϸа֮ӣҶʥֻҲɹһ
ˣ̫н޳ս޼ҲҪˡ
ֻҶµһˣΧӰֻãã޼ʵѩԭ
ȻǱϾǱǣһ޼ʵѩԭҲкܶ౦
Ҷһ·չѩԭΡɽѩѩʯȵĵرЩƷһЩƷҩı
ڿ߼ˣ
ʮһ죬Ҷڿ̽鵽Ƭѩԭı߼ˡ
˵ƬѩԭѾ̽Ĳˡ
ֻǣûҵ̵ĳ˯֮ء
Ӧڵص׳˯ΪڸϢ϶ڼµĵصסҶѰңһ߳˼š
𵤵ڣǵЩţֻ̽鵽ѡ
ԣΪ˱Լ϶ὫԼĳ˯֮ѡڼµĵصס
ټƬѩԭɫ࣬Ҫҵĳ˯֮أǳѡ
Ҷֳַһپ߷ʮ죬ҪǻɱˣҪҼˡ
Ҫ֪ÿһ춼ǳܹҵ౦˭Ϊ׷ɱ̶󼸸µʱ䣿
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ֻҪûΣգѾ׼õѪҺ˵ѣһָ
һΣͿҵˡ
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ǰǰķٵξѪʧǳ
ҲΪѰ̣ɱˣŲôء
ƬѩԭֻʣһƬˣһΣȻҵ̡
ʵϣҶԤϵĲڵҹһѩﴦһ΢ϢǳϤ
ϢԴ̡
ԼλͽܵϢҶȻİ¶ϲɫ
ҵˣҶ΢΢һЦ˿漴ջеķŵصǱȥ
䣡
ҶոǱص׵˲䣬Χѩϣ͵һ޴ĺɫһͨ쳹أֱ񷣬γһƬ޴ĹҶһ档
Χıѩڻˣ˻
ড
󷨣
Ҷüͷһһ
ĳɾͲͣѾ֮ģСгɾͣǼˣǰûз󷨡
ɴ˿ɼȻ׼󷨡
һʮһʮĪǾѪħպʮɷ߱󣿡Ҷ۾һ˫ڵ͸Ӳӵ⣬һɫĹȥ
ʮɫĹ֮£һΡӰһϢ磬ƥ
Ҷ֪ʮǹɷֻٻĹɷĹɷ
Ҫ֪ɷѪħʥµķǿߣһʮһĵ۾Ҫǿ
ʮɷ߱󣬱ǶʥԼʮ´ľɱʮɷֲó󷨣ŷ۾ҪСӦԡ
ⲻǹɷԲõľɱҶҲСΪܹóɱ󣬵˾ԲֹһҲʮ
һ׼Ŀĵ
Ŀ꣬Ҷ졣


1318 Ӳ
˵ûɣЩֻ꣬ҪãǾͻԹϵǵˡ
Ȼ͸磿һλ񡣡
ڶţӦԪĩĳ֮һ
û뵽Ȼĵˡ

Ҷɱ֮ڣһЦҲ֮֮оԳɱ⣬һĨĨᡣ
ȻЩʮɷ߱Ѫħǡ
ҶµûһʮˣԶѪħţÿһʵҶ֮ǰǸղ
ӦöѪħһĶš
ߣ
ҶһһСľΧһ̵߳λ÷ȥЦû뵽ѪħҲԶ٣ǲΪȼǿ߶ֻһһûԶ٣ƾһ㣬ѪħԶҲȼ򡣡
Ϊǿ֮һѪħ£һֱ볬Խ֮еǿҲһֱǿΪĿꡣ
棬Ҳʹÿһǿ߶ǳ԰սԶ٣ֻһһԲ۸㡣
ԣҶЦЩѪħǡ
һݣһĺ¶еķŭ
Сӣ㼤ûáһ
ܹǵĶߴţҶеţǻȻ֪ͣҶõǼ
£˾ͺߵСӣ㲻λǻһһ֮ͬУѪħŲκˣһλҲ˼һһ
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ʱϥΧһɹסļ룬ұҲǳ˯
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Ҷһ̣̲ʱ˿
ͬʱ֪ЩѪħնĿľǶԸԼԸû˯֮е̡
Ļκһ˳֣̾ˡ
Сӣ㲻õģܾСӣһҲ޾塣
Сӣ¸㣬СӾҳִó˯ģҪɣ
ܹɱһλҲһˡ


Щ˷·ʤȯգԵõʮ㣬һҶĿ⣬ڿһˡ
ҶԴ˰ЦˣóѪҺ̵壬ָơ
ѪҺǿ߻ɱǿߣ侫Ѫɣ侫ڣ޸ˡ
ѪҺİ£̵ϢԽԽǿϵ𽥻ָ־Ҳӳ˯֮
ţʦ𣡡
һʱͷ˽ǰҶ죬ɵôϲ
˵ָƣҶȵ
̴ʱҲΧҲµԼסԼʦ
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Ϊ֪»һսܰʲôæҲʦȡ
Ҷȡָ̻ƣЩ𣬵ǶҶ˵ǳɣ׼ָ̻Ƶıˡ
Щİ£̵ƻָĺܿ졣
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ﻹ࣬СӻָΣСӵʵ¶סʮɷ߱һ
Ҷ콫ﶼ̣ȻվǰضΧʮɫĹߵְɣʮɷ߱ҶĳжţϧʮҲܷӳʵź
˵֮䣬ҶѾ̵һɱ
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Χӿɷˡ
һŭҶĻ֮ʱ׷״
ʱ׹Ǻ
ȻЩѪħǷŭˡ

Բѣ
ҿܹɱļι

ЩѪħŶҶĻＤŭˣһɷ죬ȡ
ˣΧҲ˱仯һɫĹɷȫһ˲۾īһ۾͸һҵħ⣬ͬڰԨ·֮η
ԲѵСӣ㣡
һɷŭһ㳯ҶǸߴɢ޾ħ⣬ޱߵɷֱҶ
һ˫ħȭƥЯžΰҶ̩ͬɽѹƺˡ
ʦ𣡡
˻̶ָǿϢˣһǹɷƣɵǡ
ģָƣЩΪʦˡҶͷҲصغȵĿֱǰ貣ޱȡ
һ̣Ҷ·ⷽصˣսޱߣһһϣ˶ݡ
СģСӲ򵥣˴
ĹɷߵڼԦɷɱ֮λɱ֮Сѵ˲ɣ
֮䣬ɷѾҶǰ
ƾһˣҲһսҶ쿴żӽԼĹɷ¶Ц֮ɫһȭֱɱսںϣ춯صһȭ
һȭһǰư硣
Ǹɷһ˫ħȭҶȭͷӲ忪ˣֲбը嫵֮ţ˷ϯΧԩ겻ϵ˻š

ҶƲˣ岻еѪӵѾ貵Ĺâ߶ƥնһǾ񵶡
¡¡
âգγһ貵ĺ̺ĵǰնûˡ
ͬˮһֱǸɷɳȥǸߴ壬ҲǧٿףƲء
䣡䣡䣡
ʱ󷽳ߴӰɷ
һ֣סҶľһסǸ˵Ĺɷ֮˺Ĺɷվһ
ʮ˿ҶĿ⣬Ҳû˿Ĳмͳеֻ𾪺ͺȻ
Ҷһȭһ֮ʮѪħг𺳣ѪħĻӵҲˡ
СӲͨĳţѵӶǿţ
ڲȿŽǰ
ͬһս²ǵĻӵܡ

Ѫħǰн̸˴Ŀж֮ɫʮվһҲҷֿ֮ԸҶ졣
ͬʱǸǽҶϢֶͨΣѪħǡ
Ȼ浲סʮɷ߱󣿡
ⲻܰɣ
ǲǸˣʮ֣ǵĻӵܶһսˡ

һѪħŵ֪е𾪣еĲţеΪڿЦ
ڡ
ʦһָˣ̺ȻվѾ׻ָˡ
Ҷ漴ЦãΪʦ˺ѪħĴʶһĴͨ
δ䣬һǰδеĿֲ⣬ıſͨ쳹ء
ռ


1319 
ռһչ֣Ҷ˫۾ޱϬɫ˫֮б·ǿյ̫񵶣âɣޱȣɢһɻذѹ
Զʮɷɫ䣬ǿ̲סһһޱصض̤նҶ졣
ʦ𣬾Ǹ˵ҳ˯ġ̸ҶͻȻָһɷ
ȻЩɷһģһеϢȴǼǵ÷ǳǵһɷѪħǿߵˣڳ˯
Ϊʦ㱨𣡡ҶһĿָŵǸɷɱ֮Ʒӡ
Ҷһ˺ѣ͵ĵֱӳˣ޵еƴųİܵɷѡ
ģͷħ
ҶǸɷһޱߵħϯ·һձһ㣬ƬǺӶڷڡ
ȻɷҲǼ򵥵οԽ󷨵ʵ֪˶ٱ
ңΧʮһλɷҲ׷׳֣ɱҶ졣
䣡
Ҷһ߻̣һ߾ٵܣһĵγһӣ貣âͣ䣬޼᲻ݡ
ЩâΧҶܣΰҲ̰Уƾʮλɷγ֣޷Խ׳һ
ôܣôôǿ
ǵʵʮɷ߱Խǵĸʵӽļ𣬶ǻʮ֣սһҲֲܱܣô򲻹
СӵʵѵǵĻ廹Ҫǿ󣿡

ʮѪħǿг𾪡
Ҷʵ̫ǿˣĻ̣ܽǵĹһһ˺ѣһܱƵǲˡ
ΧȻ̡ܼǵĹκβҶ죬ܰҶôأ
ʦ̫ˣ
Ҳޱȣֱô꣬⻹һμʶҶսƾ˫ˡ
Ҫ֪ЩѪħǿ߶λ񶥷徳磬پ󷨵ļӳ֣Խλ񾳽硣
Ȼˣʮ֣ҶĶ֡
治ǵսĵһ
Сӣ㵽˭һѪħǿ̲סٴκʵΪýɱҶˣһҪҶϢˣСˡ
ϾҶѾ˿ǻӵܵʵһ㲻ܲ
ȻشȴҶһƥ񵶣貣˺ѳա
Ⱥֻһҵ֣ߣҶЦһӿҵѪѪӵŶһѪնʱ
ԶϵǶ׹ƶת嫺һĻ档
һⷽڰϯѪûǰһɷ

ɷʧ룬־塣
γɵĵӣԶĸӿֲйɷȴҲֲסˣڿٵȥ
ңŵسΧĹɷȡ
ɷ
ס֣˴ȣɱҶ죬ħγһɽҶͷϿѹ̲סĤݡ
ߣҶ쿴ħɽһۣ΢΢һߣȭѾȥһɫըȫ۶ޱȡ
ΪҶ壬ȻȻȭЯһơ
壡Ѫħǿ߾
Ĵ֪ȻҲʶѪħǿҲģǶǻӵܡ
ϾҪɱһͷ̫ˣοҪɱƻһ㣬ʧһѪҺ塣
ӵʵҲֻЩ壬Щƽ񡱾츳ٸߣûлԵҲ塣
Σһϣ󷽴ɷһ壬һֲĺϻҵħ⽫Ҷ˶û˽ȥ͵ϯܱߵĿռ䶼ˡ
ɷĺһǿֲޱǿħΧǳȻʧɫ޹⣬ػһ
ʦ𣡡Ҳ̲ס
˵еκһˣ׾ٵػɱοһ֣ټ󷨵ֱС
ȻҶȻ޾ɫ
û£õģϸãҶ쵭˵ҪֳѧٵӦսļɺ;顣
̿ǰΰӰ̲סһɺֻ֮оԼһǻѪ̲סˡ
ɱ
ɷҰ󷨶ڲ
ҶĿֱ䣬ɫ⴩͸ʱռ䣬סѪӵ漴б£ȻصһתγһѪɫֻأɷֶȥ
þ޵һ̿۾һ۷壬κ˶ģ²ˮⷽ涼ˡ
ȡҡ֮ǰǸҶ쵶ӾȥĹɷȻɷԮѪɫֻصסˡ
ʣµɷҪȴѾˡ
ţٸŰ̿üЦǳϾ˴ó˯ˡ
ס֣

ʣµѪħǿǾŭѡ
ϧֻؿǾ߹ɷ¶ѪħǿߣҲҶĵ飬궼ˡ
ɶ񣡡
ʣµʮһɷŭһ߳ŭ
ǶѪħţȻȲЩӵܣҲһ֮
ʮɱΧҶ죬ȻҶ췴ɱһˣʵܴ衣
Ҫ֪ڱôãûбǿ˷ҪǴ˳ȥѪħǿ߶ҪЦǡ
ţ󷨼һɣ
ҶȴûǣüͷһЩȡ
һɡ
ʣµʮһɷϵϢҲɫһ䡣
ʮɷ߱ҲˣҶʱЦʮһɷ֮ʣٵɱ˹ȥ
ڶԷѾȣǳûɱ˵ĺʱ
̶ҶҶķֻҪֹˣǳɡ
ߣ
һѪħǿߴȵЩ
ܹΪѪħĶţȻǰ׳գڿһͬ鱻Ҷɱ֮󣬾֪Լ˼ҲκβҶ죬ᱻҶһһơ
ԣͬʱ뵽ܡ
νɽڲûգ˭
һϢȥɱǣѪħĻӵܼһСӸȤ
˵ĲûҪӲƴЩӵܰɡ
ߣ

˵߾ߣʣµʮһɷʱɢӣû֣Ҳ֮
ߣһߣҶһ󷨱֮ʣһ˽
סʮһ̫ѡ
סһҶ˵ȴ̫ˡ


1320 
ã
ǸҶ춢ϵѪħǿ߼״ɵ۾һɣŵðǷǳ֮ǰʮɷ߱ʮǿֶҶĶ֣ھһǼֱǱɡ
Ϊ
λ۷徳磬Ҷλڡ
츳
ȻѪħ츳ľţҶ츳ٱȼѪħĻӵܣ̫ˡ
ѪħֻҪǻӵһǾԿѹͬƽ֮гһЩҲǺͻӵ൱гӵܵĸ
Ϊ츳Ҷ죬ٶҶӲƴǲ·һ
ûж룬Ѫħǿ߸ϽܣзǳƣôԼôùʮһˣҶô͵ˣ
ȷùΪҶѡһˣù
ʣµʮһѪħǿ߶൱ţÿһͬеĶǿߣҪܣҶҲȫ
Ҷ¶װ׼ڣ˵ʮһţʮһҶҲܹһ򾡡
װ¶֮ҶûеˣѪħᵥԲж
˵ףʮһѪħǿȻ츳ΪһˣһѪħš
ʮһ˾ˣǺȥЩһѪħ˷ŭһ£̫ۡ
ֻеЩӵܣ߱ȼӵܵ˼Ѫħĸ߲Żۡ
ҪɱҪɱһӵܣڴ֮ǰҲܱ¶̫ĵƣ׼Ҷ찵뵽
ԣҪʵǰϻЩӵܾôȻѪħİЩӵܻܺܿᵥԸҶ죬ʱҶܳûǷɱѪħһѣҲΪԼǴΰɱѩޡ
ڴ֮ǰյϢ
Ҷ漴ĿǰӴܵѪħǿߣԷƺӦ˱ıɱ⣬˶һܵٶȶӿ˺ܶࡣ
ȻҶȴǳ˳
ܵ𣿡ҶһЦеѪӵһ貵ĵâҽϵرγһƬѪӣᴩ񷣬ûǰĳա

ǸӴܵѪħǿ߶ʱɣ޾ĵ壬ʹ¶ǿѪħȴҲԵֵЩ˺ѡ
ȡҡ˻
ȻʮѪħǿѾӵԶԶˣ˻ͷһۣĲҿҲŵòͣ׷׼ߡ
ЩѡߣѪħǿڲˣһȼԼľѪʹѪħǿˡ
ҪɱңҲù
ɱҶ졣
Ͼţ֮ͬеľھ֮УûģûоѡȼԼľѪԼԼǿս⣬׼һս
ҽҶ죡
ǰ֮˱޵սͱһսľģҶҲ˵ͷ˵Լ֣Ͽ˴ˡ
ҽлɣ
ѪħҲԼ֡
֮˴˻£ڽӽˣǿϢһӳײһ𣬱ֲ
¡¡
ɵɳȥѪ硣
㡭Ҷг˾Ͳţѹƾ磬Ȼս
ڸղţҶ콫ԼΪѹλ۷徳磬ͻһ۸¡
ͬһսȻԶԶҶ죬̫ˣҶһȭɳȥ
ɣȤ֣Ѳ㻹һܵܽɢҶȴ΢Ц˵
ɣɢ
ȴȤ֡
ʵ֮治УҲЩȤ֡
ߣҵȷиֵܽɢҵܵܣҸ硣ңǳϵģϡߵ
ҶЦô˵Ѫħһˣ˵츳֮ϡ
Ͼһ̽·ģһһš
ȻǻӵܣȴӵſȻӵܵ츳ɵ˵Ȼ˵Լĸȥû˿Ժ·̸һɵһ
ĸ鲻̫áҶ˵
飿ƿ׳һҶ죬̶Ҷ챳̴ӣ˵ҲֻȺżƽνУѪħǿֻںһ㣬ǾʵɱҸܹʵһԥɱȻҲͬˣѪħֻʵûνС
Ҷһ㶣ѪħѪˡ
ʵϣҲ鵽һЩѪħѪ˵еķԼĸֱ֣֮ײϡ
ѪħֻǿߺߵĹϵ֣ǾԲڵġ
ȻˣôΪ㱨أҶ漴˵
ߵǱϾֵܣɱңҲӣ϶ɱ㡣˵ɱţҪʲô𣿡
ϧһ㿴ˡҶ쵭һЦƱҵĽ⣬ͬһɫĴɽǰѹ
¡¡
ղռ顣
Ƭ񷶼ҡҡ׹
ɫһ䣬˻ЯȼվѪĳս⣬ɱ˹
ȻûãҶǽɫƷǳĺأƾƴ޷亳һְ㡣
ⲻܣ
֮ͬУôôǿ
־ŭš
ҪҶλڵľѹܳܣϾΪ̫
ڣҶͬһ磬ȴȻսֱ
ҸɢҲܹˣԲôɣһѵıȼӵܣЩͨĻӵܣ
жʱȻ
ӵҲǿ
Ȼκһӵܣ֮ͬվ۷壬һЩӵܣȴ쳣ǿԶĻӵܡ
Ҷ졢а֮ӡ޳ǣȻϵţҶͽ޳Աа֮Ҫǿࡣ
ֻǣѪħս֮УһѪħʤΪ࣬ԻɺҶ쾹Ȼӵ˵츳
һһԪĩһš뵽ͬʱҶϢ˳ȥ
һ£ԶڱطѪħţ֪Ҷ֡
ңҶֻѪħڲȥЩѪħڶţҲ֪Ҷˡ
ǴϢĻɣȴǱҶɱˡ
ͬһսȻԶҶ졣
ʦ̫ˣͬһսһﶼ֮Сط˹
֮ǰҶͻ˴սս̫ңǹƽһս˵һԣҽӽ
Ҷһʰɵġһҡͷ˵磬ɱһоԣսôãҲΪ˸˽ѪħսʽԱӦԼһǿѪħš
̶ʱȻͬʱиӾԭʦԼĸǿ


1321 Ѫħ
ʲôҲˣ
˲Ŷãϻɣһ˰ɣ
˭ɱǣ˶ѪħĶţ˭ɱǣ𣿡
Ҷ죿ôܣ
ŲǱɱĲ𣿡
Ҷһڶţܾܿš
ҼסСҶ졯ӣϽӣһš
ϽϢȥ

˿ͨϵѪħҲһױ˴ϵķʽҶɱ˻ûãϢ㴫ЩѪħ
Ѫħڲȥ
ҶĴǵһδѪħŶУĻԻսҲЩһѪħˣһҶС
ڶŵϢҲ鿪Ϸ硢ֻǣҲ̽ӴţԶ
ȻѪħħǵжԵģǲͶħϾͲ
ܹ˶Ԫĩڵ۷ţұ˴ϣ㲻УҲдһ£಻ƴˡ
˵ҪڲϣҲпܻ˴дһ£Ȼǲ֣Ͼĸ߲㻹ʱʱ̹̿עĶ
ʵϣҶǿնɱѪħĶʱĸ߲Ǳ¶Цݣһ޵ͷ
ȻⲻҶıǵĳޣҪĻǿҶʦŷ۾ϡ
ԣЩ߲㶼ǳϤҶСһ

޼棬ǿգһҾ޴ķɴУ˺Ѳռ䣬һδ֪ķǰ
ⲻ򣬶Ѫħ
ҷıǰǵѪħڶţȥڲһλλ˫ĿյŮһǳᣬѪ죬ȻȻɢһɰµ޵Ϣ
ȻЩŮһ֮ͬе޵СǺƶ֣ưͬԲܹġ޵С⾳
ǾѪħԪĩǿǣ͵һϵš
֮дѪħĻӵܣҲһǡƽеľ콾ܹǵλ޼ġ
ѪħȻпᣬҲܹƽҪǻЩӵܿ¿ѹˣѪħ򣬱˴ֻʵӵʵˣҲֻܵͷ
СǵԽ˴˵ĳ֣ɱ˵šѪħȴǲ
Ѫħĸ߲ǳŵǿ֮ͬ˴ɱǳһģȴǲԵͱ֣򲻽߻ᱻɱǱļҲܵͷ
ΪѪѪħǲŲŰ;䣬һЩƽ֮еһܿͻᱻЩ壬ǻգȻص
֮ǰҶɱĻɣĸɢӵܵ츳ڳ֮󣬾ͱսһ壬ĵλЩӵܵ¡
ֱ˼飬ϾǿҲ֣֮ǿҲл֮ģѪħȴû˼ֻһ㣬Ǳ츳
ҲΪĻѪħĮǿ󣬳Ϊеİ
ǴϢˣͬһС
ͻȻһ䲢ҳɱڷ֮
Ȼҷ۵ˣҲǻЩѪħŵ׼ǿߡ
Ļո£ڲԵһŮǣ۾
𣿡һ꿪˵Ŀгս⡣
ҲֻţѪħޣţţҲǷ
ЩѪħǿУҲֻЩǣֵע⡣
Ҳ뷨
ˣγֵһţҶ죬ڲϢһ˲õݣŷ۾ԪĩµĵӣҲԪĩǿţҪСġ
Ѫħ׼˵
ʲôʱ
ɱţֻ΢΢עһ£ûж⡣
ŷ۾ȴò֣ˡ
ļţ˿Ҳ˫Ѫɫ˸µĹâ
ŷ۾Ĵ֪˺٣ҲֻЩϵ֪
Ƕǿ˵ŷ۾ĴȴԶȫЩʥ١
Ϊŷ۾սļγ֣ǿնɱףʥս·硣
λѪħʥ׷ɱŷ۾δɱŷ۾ʥŷ۾ֱƵѪħʥˡ
һսеǿ֪ŷ۾Ȼṳ̂ʥľ磬Ѿ˽ӽʥʵһʥǲɱŷ۾ġ
ңŷ۾̵ܻӣµЩǣ״ԲǷģԺܶǿ߶֪ŷ۾Ĵ
ѪħУǾ͸˽ŷ۾ˡ
ҶΪԪĩڱŷ۾ͻȻΪӣȻܵѪħĸ߲עЩҲյϢӵڽսҶ죬ôһҪնɱ
ֻû뵽һΣҶȻˡ
λҪҶԴҪˡͻȻһĸߴվ˫ҰԵ۾ҵѪ⣬˲ֱӡ
ȻһǳǿţܵļŮվ΢΢Щɵ
Ҳбʵš
ⲻϾһѪɫװŮվȻСһ򣬵ովõܱߵļŮͫһЩη֮ɫ
ӣ˵ҶȻŷ۾ĵӣôСҲȤ˵ŷ۾ӣС㵹Ҫŷ۾صĵʵΣߣ
ŮֱӸղŵӣһ㶼ûη֮ɫ
΢΢üͷȻŮЩɵ
ΪŮǻӵܣһǻӵбȽϿµǼ֮һͲ󣬵ڳĺܶ˶硣
λˣô˭˭ģɱ˰ɣ˵ءԱһЦǺ˵ֻЦĺ䣬˸оܿ¡
Ů֮ǰǸӶʱһ
ʱλѪħ׵ٴ𣺡αҶɱСһաɡ
ţ
û˵꣬Ⱥ֮бȻվһӰ
һ꣬Щ󣬽ӽˡ
ɢѪҲǿ󣬾Բܱߵļӵܡ
ǺǣȤˡ
ɣɢĵܵ
ҶͽɢɣǾͳ֮һΡ
ܱߵļŮЦ
ͻȻվӣǱҶɱĻɵĸ磬ɢ


1322 
Ҷ죡
ɢûܱѪħŵЦĿ⿴Զ͸ۣǼִıǡ
ɱ⣬֮ͷš

ǡ
ʱţҶǵڶǣһʼ¶˵ս
ϾͽѪħ򣬶ҶһţȻǺһеˡ
ҲѧˣʼĴ߱˴ˡ
ѪħţǱҪǿţȻǵһţǱ˴ֵܵһλĵڶš
ҲҶʶĿ¡
ô˵ʱ䶼ķʱ䡣
ֱĵڶŽ١
Ҷ죬ĵڶŽˡһ죬ҶͨõϢ
˷ǳȣȻǶĵڶһ
Ҳûʲô˵ģϾֱǵʱշ籩޷Ԥϣ֮⣬Ͳ֪˭ˡ
ңΪʵ׵ʵûʲôӰ
עĻѪħ򲻽жԣһǿ
ѪħҲǵжԣУҲΧ
ʵϣѪħŴøݣΪҪһֱѹѪħͷסԼϴ󡱵ĵλѪħҪţԱáϴ󡱵λӡ
ڶĵڶŽ֮ħħĵڶţҲ̽١
ˣĵڶҲڲú֮١
ѪħĵڶţҲڸ·ϣ뱦ǲԶˡ
һŵʢᣬеİȻ
ͬʱߴĸ߲ǣҲ׷׽ĿͶǣĬĬעһС
ǶڴԼһŸǿһЩ
һ˵ЩڼԪĩڵţЩ߲˵ҪϾڼԪںڵЩţŸֵΪǶѾﵽλԲ磬͵֮ʱ׾ˣЩǱǿصġѪҺ
ҶǣȻ츳Ԫںڵй֮޲Ͼʱޣǳɳʱ٣ԶԣעҲ˺ܶࡣ
αߴƼڴˣǵѾ漰˴ġӡˣЩ߲Ż˹ע
ȻЩ߲ǿǡӡЩǣȴǻ
ѪħǣҲǰʱѰ棬Ƿ׷ɱЩж档
ϾǶԣõԼʵҪġ
ЩڼԪںڵǣǵʱ䲻ˣȻ˷һ㡣
Ҷ˿ҲѰһѰǵѰѪħţֻбģŻ֡
ĻҶһֱδ֪ĵƽѰұ
ı޴ڣУȵһпǱ
ЩȻֵУЩŶԣȴûжôֻûȥǮȻʺԼı
ĻЩʵı
ʦ˵һŵõһ˲õıȻһһΪ磬ֱ漣С̫ˡ˵Ľ֮ɫ
ǰһһţΪõһΪһ𣬴ﵽλԲ磬˵ڶ׼λ񾳽ˣǳĽ
ν˲ţܹﵽλ񾳽ȴ٣ֻҶ˶ѡ
ֻׯǣһЩӶţǱλԲ磬ʱܹ̤λ񾳽硣
֮󣬼ʶŵǿҲʼ׼λ񾳽ˡ
ȻһЩŶԽսڳĶţ˭˭٣ʱΪһ͵һ㣬Ӱͺܴ
Ǳǣϧ漣ûϡҶ̾
ҲЩĽϾҪֱΪȻ𵤣ڰٶȸˣڵľ̫ˣҪһΪ̫ˣҪѵʱܶࡣ
ҶȻаԪ֮ǰλԲ磬ܹǰִǾ͸ˣϾʱҪһЩʱۣӶӳ׾ļʡ
ôҪҵּıֻܿˡ˵
˼ǰ
ԽɽӣһʰȡһЩСһѰҴ١
תһ¹ȥˣˣΪѪħĵڶڽˡ
ʱߴԪĩǣ󲿷ֶۼű档
νǳ׳
𣿡
ҶҲյϢΪѪħŷǳſͰԵãնɱһţӶڲȵǰʮǿ֮һ
Ӷţ˶ǳߡ
ڴ̽ǸֵݣȴֶԷѪħһӵܣѹôŰԵ
ӶҲǳصģڲȵһŷƷѾȥ׷ɱˣ֮һ춯صս
ͬʱҲ֮ǰôаԵˡ
ֻҲдôҶҪСĵ㣬һѪħţԱסΪǰᡣ
ֻҶЩڴԶгս⣬ѪħǿǣȤܴ
뿴һԼǿţ˭ʤһ
뷨ĲֹҶһ޳ҲһˣһЩš
ʦ𣡡
ͻȻɫһ䣬̧ͷ˵ʦ𣬸ղյһѵϢһɢѪħŽסԷʵ̫ǿǶ֡˻ǸѣŴʦ
Щ˵ˡ
漴ɫѿΪյǸϢˡ
ȻǸѾɢɱˡ
ôҶҲµ˽ʵ
ͳ˵ʦúϧʱ⣬ñɡ
ɢ
ߣ
Ҷԣʱ֪ԭˡ
ɱ֮ʱɾѾ˵ˣһɢĸġ
ڣˡ
ֻҶû˿η壬ߵǸڵλøңϸϹȥҪһʲô£˿ԡ
ҶȻϲߵ˼Ѿô˵ˣټҶ챾ͶѪħ˲ˬ˿Ȼܷŭˡ
ʦ𣬶ԷʱѾ뿪ˣȥҲûá˵
ҶЦԷĿȻңôпʱ뿪ǸطΪֻ֪пңĻôʲôʱң
ߣϾҲֹȥû׼ҳһЩۼ׷ٵˡҶЦ
ʵһû˵ʱ䷨ȫʱ⵹Ӷ׷ٵɢ
ȻҶãɢкܴϹȥһǿŵֱ


1323 ˫
ǣһ͵ĸɽϣվӰ
һһŮϢȻɢľâȴն˺ѿˡ
Ѫħǿţһ˱ɢǸŮ˲ãѪħĻӵܣһǻӵеٮٮߡ
ɢСӻŮʵ
ɢԶɽ˵սĵһԪĩĵһţŷ۾״ӣˣǵҵƣܲҲµ
ò˵ɢµĺܶԡ
˵ͬΪһ޵ŵ˼
ƣֱӭУ޾һС
Ů˼ص˵ͷȻ츳ɢȴΪǻӵܣһͼӵһУɢӵײҲͲ˽ְ
ðɣ˵еСĵ㣬ȻҲΪôΪеٮٮߣŷ۾״ӣòܴ⡣Ů˵
⣿һСĵˣҲ⡣ɢЦ漴ŮҡҡͷʵûҪڴ˵أɱ˴ӣɱҲܡ˵ɱӣ
֣
ŮмƲƲ죬ЦҪ֪ɱһţҪЦֻ뿴Ҷ쵽ʲô£ܹŷ۾أҪǴӮ㣬ҾԼһսҪɱ㣬ҲŻսȻҲΪ¡
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Ϊȴﵽλȥսɱ¾ЩĴû뵽ھǰ̫ˣҶЩȲˡҸϣЩţǲֵҳ֡Ůɱ˵漴üͷһͻȻһ
ڴʱɢҲӦŮĿ⿴˹ȥ
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ˣɢ۾ʱһУȻʶҶ죬ȴܹܵˡ
ܹطٴˣ̫ɺϣֻҶˡ
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Ҷ̶ˣյϢ֮󣬱ϸ˹һ·ûͣ
طҶﲻԶҲǡԵ֡ˡ
ԶԶؿվɽϵɢŮʱɫһ䣬Щ
ðѪħŵİǲԶ٣ֶԸҶġ
ԣǾֻɢһˣֻû뵽ˡ
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ȻҶģҲֻһһڶԷˣҶǿţȻЩǡ
෴һԵҶȴûж⣬ЩˣϾܹɱһѪħţܹѪħĸ߲ۡ
Ҷ죿
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ҵܾܵɱ𣿡ɢٴοڣĮɱˡ
ҶĿǸŮջأǰɢȥ˵޴˼𣿡
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̣ҲҶİ£ܷɵĻ͵ȥˡ
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֮䣬ʱռ飬ֲڱ˴ײһ
ңǵನҲ˫˹ȥ
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Ҷ̣ȴǸܲһƳΪеನȫҶһ˵ǰ
е˼ɽϵŮҲһĻĿ΢΢һӿʼģЩˡ
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˫
ɽϴǸŮԵЩ⡣
˫ɢЩ˺ŵ˵ĿȴһֱҶ죬ЦѪħһ޵սһʮǰŲ̵֮⣬ÿһǲ̺ޱɱҿֶܹٲ
𣿡
Ҷ쵭˵Ŀȴ
Ϊ˵սڲмأϾѪħԪˣȻʶս
ɢ˵Ĳսȷǿ󣬶Һ˾̾
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ɢ
ĵھŲ̤Χն·ѿһޱߵķҲ֮õҶ̶Щվˡ
˫Ų̵ɣѳɣ赲
֮ǰɢڣҲǸҶֹĻᣬҶ켴ֹҲֹˣţֻû뵽ҶȻûֹ
ͦģֻѾûֹĻˣʶһҵĵʮɣ
ɢ˵գŲҲ֮¡
ǵʮ
䣡
ͬ˻
һ£ҶоܵضͻȻڰӺڰ֮оѣȻһɱ
Ұǣޱ޼ʡ
ʦ𡭡̾ƣֱ󣬾λҲ첻ײӵеֶˡ
⣬˫ĵʮ
ſԼЩǿŵľ޴࣬ȫһȼģһ޷ֵ
ԼʦҶ죬ǳġ
ڴĿУҶڶˣֻ˫һ˫Ŀ֮бγ޵쵶ǰɱҰɱһ飬һȫն
˾̿塣
ɽϵǸŮҲ¶ɫеظŨˡ


1324 ռ
ֻ㽫ǰйˣҶĵռֿµĵֻһչ֣Իء
ȻҶûг֣ǵ磬չ֣ȻȻؾܱߵ֮Ӷ
ܹóһУѾҶǳǰˣûټʵˡ
ĲҶ˵
ɢɫһ䣬ЩѿҲЩ𾪣Ȼ֪ƾʮǲ˵Ҷ죬ҶƽҲδ̫˰ɡ
˼ɽϵŮ΢΢𣬶Ҷ۾Ҳ⡣
ߣܹסٲɢһ̤һռһѹӿ
ˣ֮ǰҶһնƵٴ飬ԩ·ӷĹ֮罵٣Ҷ˶ûˡ
˫һǿһӣҿֵܹٲɢЦԵ÷ǳ⡣
ȷ԰ıǮʵѾǿϷ硢а֮ˡ
ȻҪΪɢΪǿѾﵽλھ磬Ҷ컹Ҫǿһ硣
ټǿ츳սŻǿ
ֻǿȻӵܣʵѪħ𣿡Ҷһ𾪵ĲɢʵɢѪħ
ΪѪħڶǿ֮Уɢֻеһ˶ѣǿĻкܶࡣ
ȷѪħ
ǰɢʵߣҶ֮⣬Ҳֻн޳ԷһսˣˣΪΪԭ򣬿¶֡
ֻׯҲҪλ񾳽磬ʱܹѪħĻӵˡ
ңѪħĻӵܣҲǴﵽλ񾳽磬ԶɽϵŮȻʵǿɢΪҲλھ磬Ҷһ
ʮ岽
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Ҷڳˣ̧ƣһǵƻƲ񷣬ǰĿռ䶼иһ޴ѷ죬ҵĵâ¶ضᴩˣǰ޾˺ƬΪҽ
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Ӻڰ֮оѣŭţţţҶɱȥ
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ҳˣҶȵһֱɢڳֻǱķȻҶķһȳˣɢ̤һ֮ǰ
ûõģ˫һ̤ǰŲҲ޷ֹɢЦһŲ̤ǾŲ
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Ҷٵֱħɽ˵죬ǿײһϯΧĸɽء
ռһ
Ҷȣбĵ⣬ʹԼսҲŷ۾ռ䡣
һû飬ʱճȴֹͣ·ʱռҲֹ貵һ
ط·㲻֮У֮УҲֻʣ貵һ
⡭ɢͫһŵؿһ˫ֶڲոµĽƺҪ̲סջȥ
ƺһ֮£˫Ҫˡ
һɽϣǸŮĿң貵ԣҶ졣
ɢŭһȫεرʹӳռ⾳֮Уǰ̤
ˣ
βǾŲʮ˲
ȻɢҪȫˡ
ʮɢĺ춯أĽŲ£̩ɽռ䶼ܲסĽŲǵĴضڰȥΧһɽˣ³ȵҽȼء
ռʮҶͬһʮʯ֮Ի˵ۣÿһ۶һһγɿµռ
ʮʯͬķᱮµϴƾ紵Խݻ٣һۣ¶һҵĵâض˽ȥ
һƥЩɢʮ˻ȥ˫ȶڲ·߳һ
ҪƵ˫𣿡ɽϣǸŮɫһ䣬һ¶ɵɫ
ɢ˿Ҳ𾪺Ͳš
˫ʩչʮˣûбʱƵѪħ򣬶ûй
УһҪס
ɢҧ뵽
֪УѾҶڼˣǻڼˡ
ͣɢ͵һѪǰգѪʢһѪɫӰС󣬴ӱأɢһɸħ
ɢѪħȻҪƴˣѪħ¶ˡ


1325 
Ѫħ
Ҷ˫һʱÿһѪħ鶼ӵѪħѪħǵѹ׵ƣֻлٵѪħشɱѪħ顣
һ£ûĸѪħᶯѪħ򲻵ѵҪƴˡ
ʵȼվѪֻ࣬ѪħиôǾǲҪȼվѪģһҲѪħơ
ǰɢſֲϢѪħҶв̾ѹѪħʵԶԶ򣬽
ǿǵĶصƣΪһȺǿޡЩˡ켶ޣһ飬еǸҪһǵ츳ǿĿ¡
ȻѪħһЩǿߵĺҲһ飬ԽǿԽѵ
ŷ۾ֻҪһô츳ԲϷ硢а֮ǲһ
ǣŷ۾ŬԪҲ뵮һ
һͬЩʥпܵΪˣʵŻǿ
ԣܹѪħҶǷǳɵҲǳ塣
ѪħѪħǿߵһǿĵơ
Ҷ죬ܹƵҶѪħҲ԰ˡɢһףٴ̤ŲһŲ
ʮ
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أ
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⻹ô
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Ϊֻ𣿺ߣҶһװҲ漴װϣɫĹâ쳣ҫۣ貵ԣֱӸǹɢɢĹâ
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Ȼˣȴûг֣Ϊм۸һˣ˻ģֱǶ衣
㾹ȻװɢȻܵװǿɫʱѿʱ֪ŷ۾ĵӣװôܱȵùԷ
ȻɢʵҲܲ츳ѪħҲģѪħ򣬱ǿŻв١Ҷ첻һԪĩڣû˿츳ϱȵùټŷ۾ĴڣԱװߴ֮ͬ䣬û˳к൱ġ
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İѪװȻҲֻλеƷѣҵװǼƷλҵĶ֡ҶЦ
ߣǿҲҪܹӵĳѪװʺѪħ飬Ϊġװֻǿ߲ܷӳȫܹӳɢһֱɱҶ죬ޱߵѪɫضˡ
˵Ĳ㲻ܷӳȫҲնˡҶĮ˵Ŀȴǿ˲ԶŮһۣû뵽ԷȻûг֡
Ҷ⣬Ϊֻɢһˣӵķ㡣
Ǿն㣡ҶһеѪսĹע£貵Ľ⣬һɫ˳
ⲻǷ
߽׵壬׼𣬿ǿ֮һ
أ
ণһɽεضһشعѿһƬ
һͷȥǰߣɢһٵֱ£ҵĵâݺݵؿǰ˹
ʵװеֻ꣬Ѿŷ۾Ϊʶģֻװˡ
ĵӣҶ췢ӳռ䣬Żǿ
䣡
ǻԻ͵ռᴩ档
Ҷң˶ɫ֣Ѫսĵ⴦ɢ̫ҪҵĹâҪɢɽȥ
ʲôɢһոջȴվ
ˣҶռһȣĵȻҲǿ󣬵ȴ·èһ㣬ȫˡ
ȻǰҶЦ
ʵϣɢǵ֮ʱЦˡ
ȵ˭ܱȵù
ռɲ˵ģеռѾﵽ˼ޣеյ㣬޵ɳԽˡ
ȻҶ·ϻûԲɶ㲻ϣֻǸո̤ż
Ͼռ̫ˣռŷ۾Ҳ޷Ħļޡ
ŷ۾˵Ҷ콫ռʮ˿ʯȫҲֻ̤ռż


1326 ŭ
ȿȣ
ò״ӵѳɢ̲ס˼ȴǽѪߴѪħһӽ
ղһܵش
ѪħȻǿ󣬵ѪħܴҲʹıԴܴ
⵽ʲôΪδɢĨǵѪҺŶҶ죬ɫ˵
ռʷϣҲͳֹζѣһЩ׶֪οɢ
һԪҶռĴض쳹档
ռҶ˵
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ռҲɢ漴ЦĿеս⣬ͻȻʹ˵ƶ졣
ɣ
ɢտտضҶ죬ȵĵ֮£Ҳûɢ
ûģûܣûԶͬȡ
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ռʮ˲㣬ҶѾ˵ʮ㣬⻹ҶһʩչʮһԵС
ռʮǳ£ս棬һЩλףδܹﵽֵز
Ҷװʵõ˿ֲʩչһֱɱ񣬷ɱƥС
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Ȼڵϣɢĵ޷Ҷռȼ磬ƾȼվѪɢӲؽԼĹ࣬ٲ֮ǰûаֵ֮ˡ
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һţˡɽϣǸѪħŮ˵
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ɱ
ҶĿɱһɢ飬ɢ񶼴ݻˡ
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Ҫ֪ɢ츳ڵڶѪħŵȻǿģҲܹǰʮû뵽Ȼôˡ
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ңŮϵսһװװԲҶװ٣ͬһ
ȻŮݷǷѪħ򣬱ɢҪߡ
Ҷ죬Ȼ㼱ôСͳȫ㡣Ůһͬһ磬˲ϢסɱѪħİ

Ҷɫһ䣬漴ϲ
Ѫħʼ棬ֺŸ֣ǰŮȻѪħĻӵܡ
ȱһʼѪԭΪҪսռǰõˡҶЦ
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й֮ǰһսСҶ죬һֱǾУȫ
ҶӲʵռʮٴγҵĵâ˺һУſµ֮еצâһһݻ١
г𾪣ڸܵһĿ£ѹɢһ֮¡
ɢһȻǿ󣬵Ҳֻǽˣȴû˵
ңûжѪħʼѪΪӵ֮еٮٮߣʵ츳ҪԶԶɢ
ĵѹֿնɱɢˣɣһЦȫѪʢȴǶѪħ
ʶռʮҲʼƴˣ
䣡Ԧ޴ѪħһȭѪɫȭâȾأͬһѪɫս٣ѹ档
Ѫħսһ¥ɢϢԽԽֲˡ
ҶӶѪսʩչռʮȴǵһ·硣
ȻƥȻϣȴһ
Ѫħ鷳ҶüѪħʻҪ£ֻҪѪħ飬ӵѪħѹѪħʼѹͷϣƼֱ޷⡣
ֻһ𣿡֮ɫһָ͸գ·һѪɫǹЩҶ춴
һԶԸ㣡Ҷһٵӭȥһܵһɣһֻء
ռǧ򻯣ֻһУֻҶ־磬ʽûãһԷӳǿ
ȻǴ˵ˡ
䣡
ָâֵסǰϮ貵âͬʱ磬Ҷܱߣϵش¹Ҷ˶û˺֮С
ŭ𣡡ͻȻҶһףΧĿռ䶼ˡ
ʲôʧɫ˻ûзӦͱһɿµľ񹥻ǣ˲䵹ɳȥײһɽҽ˱ǵĵصס
ÿֲľ񹥻·ֻоһضɽҡ˶ɳȥȻûˣҲǱѡ
һȻҪ֪ҶԶܵನȻ˿¡
ѹ֮ǰǿƵİҶһ𣬸صס
ŭװ渽ľ񹥻û뵽ҷӳȻ߿УҶҲԼһˡ
װǷǳȫװһ壬ž񹥻
ֻŭҶ컹ûжùû뵽ȴӳ
Ҷ֪ܿԭ
Ϊ𵤣ףԲܷӳ
񹥻Ȼ;ǿйأҶλ񾳽𵤣λףһ棬¶ҵһ
ңղһͻȻû뵽Ҷǿľ񹥻ԲŻ⵽ش
ҶҲûָһĿ⳯ĴؿȥйϤϢ𱬷


1327 ʮ
䣡
ѿһӰ񷣬ŭضҶ졣
ǰ
ǹ˿˿ѪҺͷɢԵ÷ǳǱ
Ȼղŵһ˲ᡣ
ܺãû뵽㾹Ȼᾫ񹥻һҶ죬䳹ǡ
ˡ
Ҫ֪磬󣬾񹥻Ա˴˸û˿ãο׼װԷһ֡
û뵽Ҷľ񹥻Ȼǿ󣬸ղҪװ࣬㲻Ҳòȥ
ҪҪһΣҶһЦٴηŭ𣬲һɱ
ߣһ㻹ó𣿡һȫ߶װ׼ſŭǿҲ޷ղƿװˡ
ֻҶûŭٴشɱǽһ
ռʮ
һȶŰӦŭ֮ʣҶ췢һ
Ѫսڻ߶£ѤĽɫâһնգɱ
Ӱֻأ
ԵЩִ٣Ѫħǿ֮һؼʱ̣ǴԼľС
ֻնɫɣһ޴ĺڶ֣ҪҶľһɽȥ
Ȼռһôױɵģ
˽֣˴˶ڴ߶ԼľУҧ֣г޵еս⡣
Ҷ죬ܹСȵϣҲ԰ˡ˰Σһ͵صͺȳ
һ̣Ѫħâʢұ󳤳һѪɫĳѪɫëһģͬ˸ħ⡣
Ҷɵһ㶣һ˿졣
ৣ
˵ʱʱ죬Ҷ֮ʣ˴˲ͳҶǰ˫צӶץӰϮ
ͣ
Ҷ켴˵ĺܿ죬ؿڻǱУ˼ʮѪܵ˺ۡ
ǳ𾪣Ϊӵ֮壬һװû뵽ˡ
֪ղŰĹжôǿ
ƶҶ˵˲ͻָˡ
Ҷ찵ļµǰղŵٶȣֱ̫ˣҹҲǿ˲١
ѪħôǿѪħҶ춢Ŷİгɻ
˱ǣѾͺüλѪħսˣҲʶǵѪħǿͷ
ǰѪħȻһԳ򣬶ٶȾȻ࣬еľ
⵽ʲôǵѪħʲôʱ򳤳ˣҶ첻ʵ
ɫһڣһ˫ݺݵҶһۣȵǹªţǻ崫ʼѪӵʼѪѪħҪѪħѪħǿĶ࣬ӵг򡣳Խ࣬ʵԽǿ
Ŷ𣿡ҶЩȻЩ궼ķ棬飬ֻǴŵ˽һ£û˽ôϸ
£Ҷͨ鿴ѪħѪħ
ȻͰ˵һЩӵӵеѪħǳǿӵг
Ѫħĳ򣬲ʵҲ츳
һԣЩӵ̤׾֮Ѫħ᳤
λһԣλԣλԣ״ԲĶԣԣ۾ԣʥ߶ԣ˵еʼǰ˶ԡ
ȻǶѪħĻԣǻ壬ΪʥѪħҲ᳤ġ
ΪһڣЩӵܣ϶ͬ޵УֻٲſǱȼ硣
Ȼûн׾磬Ѿ˳ˣѪħĻӵܵУҲеٮٮߣƻеĻߣ츳졣
ѹô
Ҷ쿴Ϣٴοİʱࡣ
ǰһ켶ţΨһƣ¾ռˡ
ԷҲѪħ˴˲ಢ
ȻҶռѾ˵ʮơ
սһ棬ԺЩڵλױȼˡ
Ҷ쿴Ȼ츳ǿ϶ʱ䶼Ϊȥˣս϶ռ䡣
ţڱСǰģ
ԷҶ仯Ҷ̫ˣսȻҷģֱû
ŭ֮ʣɣٶȿ磬һѪɫ磬Ʋ񷣬Ҷǰǿɱ
һѪɫĳųѪɫĹâһͬһëһ㱬Ҷе·ˡ
Сɣ¶ЦݣƺԼӮˡ
δ˵̫ˣߣҶһеѪսױȵ貹âһƴƥĵâһƿ񷣬һ棬ǰѪɫëݻˡ
áɫ䣬˫ἱ𶯣Ҫ㿪
ռʮҶһʹԼǿսһ˲䱬ƣְֲ磬˼𺳡
Ҫ֪һЩλսĳɾͣҲڵʮ㵽ʮѡ
ʮ㣬Ѿﵽλ׵żҶһֱ˼顣
Ϊ켶ţѪħĻӵܣûдﵽһԿҶǿһ־ֺ
ˣҶռǱȻ𵶵仹ҪǿսټռͬεУλ𴴳ĿʮʽҪǿһЩ
Ͼռûյռ֮
˺
վռʮһѪɫĳ򶼱ˣǿֲѪħóѷ죬˱ıԵ
һֲ˹
⻹Ƕ֮ǰɢһɱˡ
ȿȣѪɳȥһ߿ٻָԼƣһŶҶ죬Щŵ˵ôܣսȻﵽһң⵽ʲôսΪǰûŹ
һЩս翪ʮʽȭ𵶵ȵȣЩսжǳߴ϶
ΪѪħУȻҲо򣬵˺ܾãҲ̽һЩϢȴȻûзҶʩչսʲôս
Ȼȿʮʽ٣ѵҲһλ𴴳ս
зǳɡ
ߴÿһ֪ıֻһλѾܾãֻһս
ߴߴսǳƽ
ԣҶʩչսҲսôӰ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ߴλѾܶԪûгˣдǶ뿪ˡ
ڣˣôӰ̫ˡ
õðϢȥ
Ҷĵâٴαˣǹɰĵƣҽۣ磬̫ɽ
òӦԣƾŰװķ͹СĵֵҶľ档
ȴʼմ·磬ԡ


1328 
䣡
һαɳȥѪ۽Ƴؿһۣʱ˼µѷ죬ȻԼѪħѾ˱ıԵˡ
ʱȻͬƵһ
Ҫ֪Ѫħ֮ͬУǶһġҲѪħܹܹƵһģȴûС
ڣǰҶ죬ȴӵֿµʵ
츳Ҳ켶ңǶλڣΪͬһΡսȴǿһﻹֹ
ĨԼǵѪҺͬʱ߶ԴѸ޸ԼѪħ
ֻһѪɫ⻪˸ϵѷָһǿϢٴڶ
ȻƻָˣıԴȴѾʵ䵽ԭ߳ɾˡ
޸𣿡
Ҷһٴι
ռʮ
貵ĵ⣬ϵ̫Ҫңƥ񵶹ᴩ񷣬Űնɱ
ӿȣӿһֱ޿ƥС
սȻʮ㡭켶츳ܹʮѾ㶥ˡ
Ҷ졣
սǴﵽʮ㣬ԲҶĶ֡
ʵϣѪħҲûͬսʮġ
ΪҪѵʱ̫ˣԪĩڣ˵ȻŬΪ׾ġ
ûĸŻɵʱ򻨷̫ʱԼսΪ˽׾磬ôǻһӡ
ңֻҪ׾磬Ժеʱս
ԣʼ벻ͨҶսȻﵽʮ㣬ӲûлѶ೤ʱ䣬츳Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ѳ켶֮ϣиţ
֪Ҷ컹ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ĻƻŴ
Ȼ˿̱ߴĴעҶɲұ¶Լӵʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨츳
ĻͿɱˡ
ৣ
ҶӲƴӶѪɫ򣬼ٺˡ
ò˵ٶȺܿ죬˲һ㡣
Ҫ֪ڱǣΪѹ̫󣬼ǵʵҲֻ֧ŷжѣ޷˲ơ
ԣٶȷǳҪ
ǰƣҲΪһ㣬ܶҶһһεǿ
ÿٶȣ
Ҷһ߼һ߰ľ
ûг֮ǰٶȱȰҪһЩ˳֮󣬰ٶֱ˦һ֡
Ҷռʮ̫ˣδؿԻܰ
ٶ̫ˣҲҶ첻ɵüͷ
ڣʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򣬴Ѿ׷ӳˣ޳ܽˡ
ǣȴκβǰѪħš
ѹѪħʼѹһЩӵʼѪĻӵ̫ˡҶ찵뵽
Ҷ죬³˻ˣǽ޳ֻׯǣŮǶ֡
Ҷ쵱ϢʵֻǣǾŮСѪħĻǡ
ò˵ֻ𡢽޳յҶ췢Ϣһˡ
Ҷ죬С̫ˣϽȻһƺѡս޼Ϣһſڼʶʵ֮Ҳࡣ
ҶϵܣּѪħҲûˣɱһһֻ𶼴Ϣ˵
ҶȴǿЦôɱ
ΪֹѾüνѪħıԵˣǺܿ찵ͻָˡ
ȻԼıԴƴǰּŵıԴ̫ģһʱҶ컹κ
ҶͰþ춯֮ʣս̺ȻоؾҲһɽգը
⡭
̶ʱޱ𾪣ĿɿڴؿһĻ
·ʲôȻӵص֮дڳضˣǿֲ𶯣ʹⷽضҡΡ
̸ϽԶ˵ء
˾޴ĶսҶͰˣ˲Լ֣ͬͣգؿԽԽ¡
ǿϢҶ찵ľ
洫һϢȫͰ֮£ǹɺصϢҶֱǰδǳġ
Ϣˡ˵
ѪħеУ˴˳ͻ̫ˣԱ˴˶ǳ˽⡣
ˣҶһ漴Ȥؿţûţɵ÷ǳ档
ң˵һź١
ǵһֻʮˣڶ٣ʮ
û˸Сǡ
Ϊ̫ˣžԵİգԼˣܺɨǡ
䣡
˵֮ʣһž޴ɫףľ޴¶漴ȻòҲҶǰ
ôһֻ޹꣡ԶĿɿڴ
ͻȻĲ֮ͣȷһֻ޴Ĺ꣬ǳľ޴һǳô
ৣ
Ǿ޹Դӹ˳ֻԲ۾еҶͰŭغ쵰ҴŹүү˯𣿡
˭Ҳû뵽޹⣬Ҷһ㶡
һˣȶ˻Ҫʹޡ
ԭѪħѹָڹүүǰֻһСѾͷүүȻҲܣ޹Ŀʱ˰ʱɭЦ
ҿʱŭˣֱҶ죬ӶѪɫһھ޹ǰȻһžĹǳңγһµĺ
ҶһĹҲҪԴ
ȻҶ첻ŵǣǾ޹Ȼ㣬ûгֱַƾǿֲĺԼ
¡¡
ֲĺֱû˾޹ꡣ
һƬأ׷ˣضݻˡ
Ȼ⻪価ҳɢȥǾ޹ȻԭأؿһŵİЦ㹥̫үүʧˣүү
Ҷʱޱء
Զ̳Ŀɿڴ
ԭ꣡ž޹꣬ɫЩǿ˵ҳķȷĹأĹİٷ֮һûУܹκαС㡣
꣡
ҶԶʱȻ
һǿ֮һһԷƣųͬ׷޵С
ⲻǴ꣬ʵģߴ鹫ϵġ
һΣλѪħʥΧλһ棬λڲȣֱӲλѪħʥΧ
λѪħʥԼ˳ˣΪΧķ
޵зĳƺţ˶档
һĹȴλ޵е棬ڹ棬ֻŷ۾൱ʥڵĹ
Ҳƽɡ


1329 ޵з
ķӸղŰһԼʶ
ҶȤؿţѪħĶԹȻ֣
ΪڣǿѪħ򾡹ʵԶȴҲɵѡ
ͬȻǿ󣬵ǼеΪУǵĴҲǺܺá
ߴ򣬻ϴһ΢ƽ֮С
СѾͷŰ޹̧ԴֻԲԲĴӵضŰߵ
˵ĲķȻ޵Уȷܲ
ƾǿķⰵĹһûá
ͬΪСҲκβ˰Ҫߣʱԣס
һǳƣǿķȴûиǿĹһź
ǹҲǿҪư棿
ߣˣһսھ޹ӣһӶ򣬱˵ء
ò뿪ԱһҶ죬Ƶˣοһꡣ
򣬻򣬶ѪħС
Ҷôˡ
ǷǳǵģԼ츳һģԺΪ׶пܣڴ˵أ̫ˡ
ӵõͦ죡
ҶĿŰԶȥ΢΢һû
ڲܶʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨£ֻܻܰȴ޷նɱ
οҲǵжԵģͰܾˣ¾Ҫ˱ˡ
̣ߣ
գҶ֣Ҳ׼뿪˵ء
һȻȴ˲䵲ǰ
ꡣ
СӣСѾͷһ˫ٶ̫죬үүκβСӣҲк뿪浱үүһ費ɣ
޹ЦſҶ죬гɱ⡣
Ҷ̧ͷ޹꣬һЦκβãҲҵ·𣿡
޹Դŭ̧һֻƣ㳯Ҷ쵱ͷѹ
ǳ޴ֻȾͬĸһŲ£·ƵģҶܵ˳صѹȸС
Ĺȴû
Ĺ磬ºǸɢ൱ѡҶЦһһȭͺȥֻ޽źݺݵײһ
¡¡
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ΧĴضѿͬ֩Ƶĵѷ죬˴Ŀġ
ߣ
һ֮󣬾޹ƺһ޴壬Ҷһȭɳȥ
Ҷ죬ȴȻͣԭء
ǲࡣ
ɶ񣡡޹ңңҶ죬𾪵ͬʱҲ˷ŭ
ӦòѪħŲŶԣڰߺŶҶ졣
û뵽Ҷʵôǿ⹥ȫڰ֮¡
Сӣ֣ƣ޹֪κβҶ죬ȻкܷŭҲֻܲʵѡȥ
ৣ
һӰھ޹ǰ
λҶ赲޹ȥĵ·ˡ
Сӣʲô޹û뵽Ҷ쾹Լ뿪ʱ־ŭֱðˡ
ҶȴǲмƲƲ죬ߵҪ뿪УҲһ˵
޹Ե޹ʵزһţȻҪҪȥҶԸ
ãүүҪʲô£ߣ޹ŭЦ棬˭֪һ޵зǰСӾȻҪⲻѰ
޹ŵضҶ죬˵ɣСӣõүүûʲôо
ߣ
Ҷһûмϻֱչռʩչռʮ
һΣҶû˿أԼȫѪս֮Уʹ񵶱貵⡣
䣡
һƥĵâ˺Ѳն˲նо޹꣬ǹǿʱڵûء
ۣ
үүˡ
Сӣ⵽ʲô

޾Ĺâ֮УȻ޹۴
ֻһ̣޹ֵ˳Ǿ޴Ĺ涼һĺۼ
Ȼû£۵ЩŤˡ
Ҷ죬ŭСӣүүСˣܹ˵үү޵йǣĹǲ
ߣķȷȵΪֹ´ҶĳһǡҶɫ˵
Ҳ𾪣ղһ۷һĿǰǿһ
ֻڶԷĹһۼ
ۼʲôڷ޵е˵ۼܶˣҶ֮ʱҲЩΡ
£Ҷ뿪˴˵ء
Сӣб±߰´ùүү㣬һԲ˶ߡ޹ҶǵıӰŭ
޹漴ͽҶϢˡ
ȻҶǿʵҲ𺳲ѡ
ʵϣͨ޹ͰĴѶҶѾѪħˡ
ܹɱɢܰ˵ĹǣսǱһеĶǿ֮һ
ǣѪħǣ˿̶μסҶ֡
˶ɵ˲мս졣


Ҷ죬ôս޼ʵ
Ҷصˣųˡ
漴Ҷ콫ϢҲ˹ȥ
һݴ½ٴλȻ
Ȼ޵з𺳲ѡ
һﻹǸϽ뿪ɣãһ﹥УٶҲҲûʲôв˵
Ҳ˵ǸвŴսǿٶȸ죬ҪСġ
Ҫչؽλ񾳽磬Щˣɡׯܳ˵
ֻҲʾҪλ񾳽磬Ҷʥ
Ҳ׼չһΪϾһεߴţʵ̫ǿˡ
ѪħĵڶţҶһ⣬˺俹⡣
ԴˣҶʾ̶ͬȥ
̣ҲҸطչһ£ȻԼСĵڱΧﲻ̫ǿšҶ˵գɢİװ̡
лʦ𣡡̼״ʱЦˣϲ̵ؽ˹Ѫʼ
ڱǣҲֻеڶţӵ
һǸǷǳ٣ֻҶ졢Щ츳ŲӵС
ˣӵһ׼Ͳˡ
ڱǵΧû˿˵ˡȻҲҪ̫ţϾ̫עĿˣ򲻵ѣǲҪãһãһҪɱˣԼСĵ㡣Ҷѵ
ʦİɣӶ紳ô꣬㳣ʶ֪ġЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ
Щ꣬Ӷ粻ϵΣգѾɳķǳˡ
ҶҲֻһ°ˣϾ̽ӶûаΪʦֻһʦ
Ҷ죬Ҳֻ̺СӣȻǳġ


1330 
̷ֱ֮Ҷһ˼뱦ǣ̽Ѱűıһ·ϵҲвջ
ΪҶ뼸λѪħŵսʹݴ½һżʶѪħŵǿǷ׷ױչأΪʵ
һЩҲ̱չأȻǵõϢѪħ˱Ǿͱչأߵ͵
෴ߴǿǵĵϵҲԽԽҡ
Ѫħţڱ˴˴䣬Ѿ֪˶ٳˣÿһζ춯أ𺳡
ڴڼ䣬ļǿŷǳ˼ɵ
һһţ˫һչֱӴռ䣬ںڰ֮䣬ֱܡƿʱ䷨ʱ䷨Ҫ򣬵ȴǵ츳
ֻȻʱ䷨򣬵Ǳȴǲ˲ֹһ
ҶĹƣʱ䷨ĳɾͣ¶ӽԼˡ
ټǿ󣬾͸ӱ̬ˡ
ģǽһλ콾νһͬ𣬷ҡֱϾƿؿռ䷨ٶ֮ϣ㰵ѪħĻӵҲȲϡ
ˣλ콾ĹҲǳǿ󣬱ȰҪǿһЩϣûС
лƽһţһͷȫɫϣ·ŽɫһȻûʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򣬵ȴһǵѹѹƲסϵΪֹûһ˿ԵסԷһ
ǽƽϣӲƴֻ츳ӦС
˵һ岻ò˵ǾǷһ壬ҲųƲˡ
һΣһҲһţǹǷҪǿ
µǣּʣǿΧܰȻ뿪
һֻ󣬷ǳӵص״ڳ·ɣʵû֪ΪˣѾˡ
һһţսˣ˾η
֮ܶȻ࣬һµģҶõЩϢ
ãЩ˵Уһ²Լ֮¡
ʵһ򣬹Ȼͬ졣
ȻѪħʵҲӵӵкͰһ츳ΪȰһЩʵȻҲǿһЩ
ǺͰһ𣬺ųĴӡ
⣬һǻӵܵѪħţʵǳˣӵܡ
ȻڶսϣѪħҲ򣬵ǵ࣬ʱ䣬Ҳ򶷵൱΢ѷɫһѡ
һȣţȻ˲ֹһ
ĿǰҲֻҶһԺǽ򣬶ܵ͵ԵڻûзּսţУҲֻһλ
ǣѪħĺ԰ֻܻ֮رܡ
ҶȻЩһսǵĿǰΪֹûһϾôҪļҲС
Ǽȥļʿ϶
Ҷϵܣͻˡ
һºҶյֻѶϢ
ֻڽλ񾳽ˣսܶࡣ
λλֻܴһʵʱ࣬ʱ䷨츳밵һս򲻹ҲܰȻ뿪
ҶϢȻܸˣϾһ˺ѹȫţֻʵҲһˡ
Ϣǽģׯܺͽ޳ҲϢׯǺֻһλˣ޳λھ磬Ҷһ
Сôô죿Ҷׯܴк֮󣬱Ѷ޳
Ҫ֪޳츳ڣȴ׷ֱܡ
ٺ٣ҵõһҲʶʲôȴӵһЩƬһܶࡣ޳Щ˷ܵػص
Ϊʹսǿˡ
ڣʵ㲻Ҷ죬Ҳ˶ˡ
٣޳Բˡ
ռһҲռ޳Ҳֻսѷɫһѡ
̺ƬıҶԴһ
ֱǳϡ٣֮ǰһҲõֱΪҲһΡ
ҶҲҪıϾ˵ҪıΪ
Ȼ𵤣ٶȴˣһЩ
Ҳû뵽ǾȻֱҲúң˵С޳Ц
ţ֪ˣʵѪħЩǿһսҲԱֲˣȥԿɡҶ˵ͷ˵
Ȳˣ޳˿Ѿս졣
ս޼һ𣬿ʼѰѪħЩǿǣʼǿߵս֮·뱦Ǹء
ҶҲ룬һѰұһ߿ܲЩһսĶǿߡ
꣡
Ȼѿһž޴ĺɫȻ֣Ҷ˶˽ȥ
һĻ̫ˣҶ춼ûзӦֱӾͱǺɫиɽȥˡ
Ҷ۾ۿʱΧѾڰ֮УޱߵĿֲ˷ѹƺҪҶ顣
˭
Ҷȵ
Ȼܵδ֪˵Ĺ
ңܹûзӦ˵ʵֱɲ⡣
¡¡
ܴ֮ԽԽ
ҶԴȫװѪս㳯ǰֱȥҪ俪Ƭڰ硣
䣬ϡ
ҶЩâ谭޷ͻƣƱһǽסˡ
ڰܲ͸磬һйͬԨ
СӣҵĶ棬ͱȥˣԹԱΪҵһְɡͻȻһɭЦ
Ҷɫʱһ䡣
棿
һĶӣ
ѵǡ
Ҷµ˶Է˭ˡ
ԭֻ󣡡Ҷȵ
󣬺ų춼ɣղܵĹԼڵԷλǿ֮һ
ǰҶ컹ţÿԼǵĲ࣬û뵽ھˣһص
Сӣû뵽㻹еʶϢӦİɣ˵һҶ˲ţŷ۾Ϊӣ֪ʵΣɭЦ
ߣҶĳ˵Ҷ죬أҶߵ
Ŷû뵽Ҷ죬ȤˣҪ㣬ûʲôŷ۾أǴɵѡһ漴Ц
һ̣ܵĺڰȫӿһϢѹȸн٣ޱߵѹ˷Ϯ
ҶʱоԼ屻һɽѹˡ


1331 ޳
󣬼ȻǾͱҲˡ
ҶһٱһǿϢȻǻϵسеѪսӿȥʹѽɫսӲӵ⣬ޱȶĿ
ռʮ
£â
䣡
һѤõĵâƲ񷣬˺Ѳռ䣬ǰĺڰӲƿˡ
¡¡
ܴ
һĩ֮У˾Ϣռ䡣
ߣҶ˫⼤䣬ޱȣƺеѪսҪ˲ֱӡ
һնޣһλӶԨ
ۡСӣʲôЩʧ
һ֣ȴڰڱҶ˺ѿһӡ
ûᣡҶͺһѷ֮дڳ뿪Ƭڰ硣
ԶȺɽϣһӹᴩ硣
Ǳǡ
Ҷǰȥһֻ޴ĺɫſڵϣһͷ̫ޣŴͣݺݵص
ǣһ˿Ѫܿͱˡ
֪ʲô˶µġҶһЦ
ˣҶ컹Щľ
ղҪǻɢּţ¾޷ѳˡ
Ҫ֪ʩչռʮ˼ʮһѷ
츳ʵ̫ˡ
ߣҶ죬е㱾¡һûٽҶСӣȴǳƺ֣ȻǿʼҶˣԷΪ֡
ղ͵ϮңҲһҶԣ漴չռϵӡҲ֮Уնȥ
һնʱռ䣬֮С
ʱͫһ֮ɫ
õ󲻽̾ĵǵһμʶ
̫ˣ̫ˣ·һеռ
һǵһο
ûη壬Ŵͣ͵طһ𣺡أ
˲䣬ձѣһźɫг֣ԽԽ޾֮洫
һ̣ΧĴأľɽӣȫɫ֮ӿȥ
·еһУˡ
ҶǿֲһҲѲ֮ľҶҲɫȥ
츳ȷ£Ҷ첻ɵ̾һ漴¶Ц֮ɫϧȻסҵռʮ
һ䣬Ҷĵһ䣬ռʮһΧֳʮϵʯÿһʯжֵÿһֵƾЩںһ𣬻۳յռ
䣡
һ̣Χص֮һ͡
һ洫ݶĿܵʱͿռ䶼˽ֹ
棡
ɴ۾š
츳ͨȻֹˡ
Ҫ֪ͽһţҲֻƾʵ㿪ֹͨܽ
ڣҶȴӲֹͨ
ⲻܣʹʵ޷ǰһС
ȻҶռʮ̫ˣѾħһؽɵһ
һƵѣ涼ն롣
߿ǺɫУֱӱƿˣըˡ
ֲϯ󶼸ûˡ
ŭش˶ǹǿĻûˣܵصơ
ϵĺɫƬˣ¶ɫѪҺĿģԵúǱ
ôһζΣǱҶЦʵ
ߣҶ죬ҼסˡзǳŭݺݵصҶһۣԹ֮ɫ
˵仰ֱص뿪ˡ
ȻӸղŵһʶҶʵ
ٴȥԱģҲֻѰѡ
ҶĿȥû׷ʵڰ֮£ѽɱ
οǵѹ̫ǿʹٶȴơ
ڵµٶȣֻֻԱˣ˸׷
һκǿһսҲҶĴ
ΪʵҲȻС
һҶҲܹǿŵʵˣҲͺ࣬ڱǺˡ
ͬʱҶ콫һսϢ޳ǣҲЩݴ½ʶǿǵʵ
Ҷȥ֮ԭһڵͨ棬ͻȻѪɫĹâ
һ̣һͷ޴˳·˯˺ܾãЩӦе⣬̲סͺ˼
漴һͷһͷޣҲͨ˳
ڵص֮£һ޴ĵ֮Уʷһʯ
Щʯ񣬺ܿһһѣ¶һͷͷޡ
ÿһͷ޵Ϣһ鼶ģ񼶱ģҲ񼶱ġ
λ񼶱Ļޡ
޾Ļ޿ʼڵصѣӱǵ
ǣٹ¶Щû
ţЩôڴ˵أңԶ֮Уһλüͷһ壬Ŀ⣬͸˲ռ䣬˱ǡ
Щ̫ˣλ񼶱ҲʼԽԽ࣬ȥǺܻܿᵮ׼ĻޣǲǸЩСһˣ
ǽץɣЩ޵ĳ֣ѾЩСһˡ
УѾߴʥַӡˣλµԽ⣬Ҳ޷УôץסЩޣ

һλλ۷׷ס
ͬʱĴǣҲЩӱǵصѵĻޡ
ΪǱߴλʥַӡЩߺ͵۾Ҳ޷УֻؿһĻ
ǽϢλʥ
ʥյϢ֮󣬵˵ùܣֻҪϢЩСһǾͺãǶеţӦΣ
ʥȻ˵ˣЩߺ͵۾Ȼٶԡ
ʥҲġ
ȻǶű˴ǡ

ս
һΰգĿ⿴Զ͸ռ䡣
ŷ۾
ޣǾȻ˻ޡ˼ŷ۾۾¶һ˿Ц֮ɫ
ǳֻޣΪģΪԹûгֹ
ң޿ɲַߴֻ֪ɱ¾ɱǰһС
û˯ӡʯ֮УȻȴѣٽǷ뱦ǣߴһı
ܹһӴƻҲֻʥεǿ߲пܣֻǶԷΪҪô
ͬʱһΡĹ֮УżȻɢſֲϢܵնڲ
һϣʥûֹЩޣռƻСһĮ
ǳãýһСһ￪ʼɣǵƷǷɹˡһĮ
ҪǳɹˣĿԳư棬򳹵ˡһЦ


1332 
ǡ
һصɽ֮УȻнӰһǽɫģһǻɫģɢųҵ⡣
ɢ¶Ӱü֮ɢһɾâ·𲻰һзУΨ
ˣʲôط޷ӡ
ΪǾǵһǿţҲһͽһ콾
츳켶ټǵ츳ͨһտռ䷨һʱ䷨ǹھͬ
ô׼𣿡һſһԽһţͳЩء
һԣЦ㻹Ȼǵѹǿƿؿռ䷨ѹҲסңЩѾȫҷųˣڿ¾Űˡ
ܺãֻҪȼˡһ˿ǽŵԸҲǲŽһţε̫Ҫˡ
Ҫ֪ڽ뱦֮ǰǽһ棬һ棬ԽӼǣǺεȵҫ
һһ棬ǿվ۷壬޽ӽ
ȻǸڵľ콾ҲûʸĴολ
λǾаҲҴ⣬Ҫλ
ΪǵǰһڣǶܵ͵ֻмγֶѣⶼ׼
ڵҪβʱˡ
ԣ˶˿оһࡣ
ι˵űǲŪİɣȻô֪űôĻޣ֪ôЩ޵İ취һЩ˵
ɣǹϵλĲ̫ˣֻҪˣʲôԭ֪̫Ƿáһ˵
Ϊȼܼ򵥣˴˿ԵЩɣ˴
ʵϣεҲǳ档
ϾܹλԳ֣񱳺漰飬Ծ춯ء
һﻹôѵһ㲻ôĻޣһλҲ޷ץϾҪץôĻޣ϶ᾪЩеǿߣֲֻεǿ߲õһ˵
Ǻܺ棬ǻȰȼ˵Ҳ㣬еܡһų˵һţԵЩأԵȼؼɡ
ͿɣҸ㻤һԵĽһæߴٵ
һŵ˵ͷ漴ǰĵ˻֣һƬɵĹ⻪£һӲݺɡ
ҳɢԭڵĵϣȻһεļ̳
̳ϵŹֵķţһЩּĹϴƣһ˺ѿöľ콾
һŲûᣬйâһһֱ۴ִɫ㣬ɢһɹŹֵζζҲǳζȴܴ̱ǡ
ζôţ治֪ʲôġԱߣһŹ¡һ䣬æס
ȴ֣ס˺ִ̱ǵζǴоһŻܡ
ô᣿
һŶʱЩȣ漴ͷųԼƬռ
Ȼһŵȼ֮ɫƮɢȴǴ͸˿ռ䣬͸ϣֱӳ
ⲻܣһŶʱɴ۾𺳡
һԵһҲ˼飬ȻռƣûжֻܹǺûʲô
ϻλѵܺǲɣһԷ˷ۡ
λεǿߣҪǣҲĨǣλҲûɺǡλҪڻҲǣǲžˡ
ˣ㣬Ҫ㣬꣬ǲ㳹λ沼õ񡣡һ˵
ǵһҪ֤С
ȼյٶȺ̵ٶȴܿ죬Ƭ̹ʱ䣬ɫֱƲ񷣬˺ֱϱǵ񷡣
󣬸Զܿɫǳҫ۶Ŀ޷ӡ
ȥ»ˡһſȼյ״̬ɵüͷ
ɫֱƲ㶼޷谭ɢ˷ȥ
ֻǹ˰죬ͷգͳױɫ
ѵ֣ǲɣһԣԸ˵һɰֱ񷡣
ĵΪսǿ֮Уǿһеġ
ʵԸһ㣬Ҳġ
ҶȻûбֳԸԸ񣬵ʵҲԸģÿǿŶԼţһ·ܣھͬôܲ
ԵԶǶ޾壬¾̫ˣѪħȺһɲһȻͬԸȴȽһųȺܶ࣬侲ط
Ѫħ򣿺ߣǵţһŻȥһһѪħ򣬶ʱɱ
Ҳ˵ҪƽϺϵ룬ֻҪĸˣǾͲѪħȺһˡһų˵
ֻأһ˵
һüͷβſ˵ֻ̫ˣҪϣ²ôס
λ沼õҲһ˵
һļһֲǲ֪ҷ̣ǲһǷĵϵзշҲܰôһߵ
ߣͲҲʲôϵ롣˵գһϽһֳʧС
һҲֳͬʧԭء
ǵı壬ػȼյ㡣

ʱǵĸأߴǣһ̧ͷԶգƬɫԭԽʵ޷ӡ
Ǳֱɫֱ񷣬ôҫۡ
ţ챦𣿡һ̧ͷ˫ðŽ⣬ɫķ
ϾǱǣһ쳣Щŵһ뵽ģȻ챦
λˣЩͬɫǣҲͬ뷨
ԼͬأһЩԼʵŵǣȫǸɫķȥ
Ҷһݴ½Ҳ⡣


1333 ˹
쾰ضǰһɱ¾Ҫʼˡ
ңңʵɫҶ΢üһ漴̧ͷϸһĨ֮ɫ
ǰ쾰̫עĿԱһŵʵźԶܹǱֱɫ
ſ϶ѡǰ̽ѰϾǱǣû׼ʲôˡ
Ҷ죬ȥ𣿡ܿ죬Ҷյ˽޳ϢȻҲɫ
ȻҶѶ
Ҳȥ˸˵˵޳˵գصս޼һɫķȥ
ڽ޳ȥúҶյֻׯܵһݴ½ŵϢǶ׼ǰɫڵء
˭кģҲ⡣
Ҷ쵱Լãһۡ

ЩŸڵصʱɢɫҲɢӵ˱ǵеط
أ
һͷ̧ͷӶɫɵſڣһ׺ݵĵͺ
޵ʵȻǻȴߣֻ֪ɱ¾
ԣƬɫӽû⡣
ɫŷ磬н٣ѵеĻޣһֻֻûˡ
һ̣һֻֻĻޣͻȻ侲һ˫˫ɺ۾Ҳ𽥱ɫ
ǵĿУҲûɱ⣬еģһã
ãܶݣܿͱһɽƻĹâȡ
ɣһͷʵǿĻޣԼ˫ɫ۾Աߵһͷޣ϶ʱ¶˼˷֮ɫ
ͬʱͷϵĻޣҲ¶ͬɫ
أ
𣡡
ͷ֮ǰһǰһһĻޣȻһӳ˴ˣҵɱ
һĻֱš
鿴»޷ˡ
Ϊ˭֪ǲڶģĻ޵ôôࣿһԽԽࣿ
Ϊ޴ڶֻŽһ֮֡
ڣͷ޾Ȼҵɱˣȫ
ˣΧЩޣҲʼ˴ɱ
һӣɫѪҺء
Ƭռ䶼·޵
бɫûĻޣʼ˴ɱ¾ɣɱ
һͬص㣬Ǿǵ۾ɫġ
ЩɫĲʴĻǣȫ˴ɱ
޵ʼ١
Щ޵ɱ˴ɣһЩĻޣ쳣ǿ
޵ȷˣǻŵĻޣޱȵǿ
ЩСĻޣɱ֮У׵̭ˡ
һЩһҾܽλԲˡһСӱߣһֻ̧ͷ¶ĵĹâɫ֮дһ˿ȡ
ͷ޽˹Լ֡
ʵ˹ħһŵ֣ǰֻɱ
ȡ֮ӵ֡
ֻȻѾӵǻۣǺܸߣֻ֪Ӷɱ¾ռݱ˵֣Ҳˡ
ʵϣڱϣ˹Ļ޲
ףȻһͷޣ֡ԶĴУȻһϷŰ
һ̣һ޳Ӱľ߳¶ݡ
Ȼһߴš
޴˹תͷˣһ˫ɫ۾棬ʱޱߵɱ⡣
ȻЩ޿ʼ˴ɱˣǶڱ֣ɱ͸ǿˡ
һ޾Ȼ˵ˣ˲ŵضֻޣЩ˼顣
Ҫ֪ڻ֮УֻЩﵽײεĻޣӵһǻۣ˵
Ļޣֻ֪ɱ¾ûЩͼ޻˵
Ǹ߹Ļޣôܲ˵ˣֵͼ֣ǲ˽ǻ޵ĸ߹ΰ󣬻ǸȥɣΪҵְɡ
˹¶м֮ɫ漴ſ죬ɱ˹
һֻҲұԼʱ߳ŭһӭȥ
ܹڱǵţһһţǻẦһֻޣ
ȻֻЩ֣֣Ҳһֻ޶ѡ
䣡
ǿײһʹΧգױˡ
䣬籩ϯ˷ŰĿֲ
㡭ȻŲҽһɳȥѪ磬϶һµѷ죬ԵôĿġ
һȻܴˡ
ֻ޵ʵҲ̫˰ɣ
츳ϧΪ̫ˣҵʵ̫ˡ˹Ц˵ҼצЯſֲǰɱȥ
ȻʵǱҶȴ̫ˣ˹Ķ֡
Ҫ֪˹Ȼ츳ǺܺãΪܸߣѾλ۷徳ǿߣͲһܹλԲ磬λˡ
ǿʵڱϣҲֻҶһŲܹ俹⡣
ͣ
ܿ죬ţͱֻ˹ɱˡ
˹ɣΪʱһٱǣλԲ硣
˹ʵǿˣҪΪ޵ߣٺ٣˹ЩЦЦԶʵɫ΢΢һ㳯Ǹȥ
Ϊã϶ܶղŵġҲʵһͻƼޣ׾硣
ʵ֮е׾磬ֻһƺţֻ޵ʵġ
ΪǰûǻۣǲܳΪ׵ģ֮˵ֻΪſ׵ʵѡ
ҲΪˣЩֻҪܹɣܹʵ
˵׾磬㳬Խ׾Ҳпܡ
෴ߴ飬׾磬Ҫʵѣѣõ

һ·ǰɫȥڼҶͨյѶϢ
ֻޣܶ࣬Сģ
ϢҶ쾪ˡ
˻ޣ
ֱš
ΪԹֵıǣûһųֹ޵ġ
ֶûУֻڡ
ֻϸ磬⵽ô£Ҷܿ칵ֻͨ
ѾյٺѵϢˣȻǶӵ֪ͨ
ҶϵܣģѾűɱˡΪЩȳڱλãѾӽǵˣԴˡǺܿ죬Ǿͻ׷ǣҲСĵ㡣ֻ˵
ЩôǿҶЩȡ
Ҫ֪ܹǵţȲǣҲһһţֻλ񾳽磬ܹԽսʤһЩλ
ţȻɱˡ
ôЩޣ϶λ񼶱Ĵڣ١
ϧҶֻǶ֪Щ޲ʵǿ󣬶ѾڿʼˣʵҲԽԽǿ
ȻǷʱһһ
м죬ӦþͿԵִˡһɽϣҶңңǰɫ΢΢
ʮĸ·ҪִĿĵˡ


1334 ʥ
ǣ
Ǵ˿Ѿߴλʥַӡλµǿ⣬˭Ҳ޷УЩߺ͵۾ܽС
ЩߴĴǣֻ͸ӡңңעűĶ
ȻһŵȼʱһǿңԶλʥõķӡ
˲䣬ӡģǣһƬ֡
ô£
еˡ
˽ҷӡ׸ǵ̽ӡ

ߴһۿǵĴȫΪҲľһˡ
Ѿ֣޷̽ӡ
ߴĴǷ׷𾪣Ҳܹһģ϶ʥε
ȻڱǷӡҵʱһǿƥѪħһ·֮Щߺ͵۾
෴ͨףȴûвǿ
棬ʲôŷŭʣѪħһλʥħԨʥ
αǷӡеһˡ
ʥҲǷӡеһˡ
ղžʥֽ˷ӡϾӡĲ룬ټʵԲܹһٽλʥõķӡ
ùˣȴ÷ӡλʥ
Ѫħٽټ˫УħԨʥһʡ
мǿȻ벼÷ӡʥҲˡ
ʥЩˡ
ʥСǵ𣿡
ʥ֮ǰ˵ˣֻӡ֡

Щһ˿ŭϾԼˣֻ÷ӡС
ȻʥҲûв֣ղŵľٶȴλʥ
ߣ
λʥʣʥȴһǿɨȥԼԵְȻ
Ҳһ£ǽʲô˭Ҷţߣ
һߣӰֱ֮ɢһⷽ涼սϢΧշڲѣ·֧ŲסΰӰ
ǿƣԵ档
ǹſԵϢղŻŭʵǿһӾʧ˼ֻʣ
ֱѪħħԨʥʥԼ
ħħɵʵ˲ԸʥѪħԼȴ¡
Ѫħ͸УѪħʵҲǽģȻ
ȻֻλʥʥȴһҲʥΪʵҪǿʥ
Ǿ͸Ӳʥˡ
ֻЦСӣû뵽㻹ôţֻһ㡣
Ѿˣͱ߲ϳڻʲôʸǰţʥ䷴
һ߲ĸ֣ʱɫޱѿǹղԵޱȷŭ
ͷˡǶǿޣ֮һ
ˡѵͲ

Ԫǰֻ򣬶ĿһʵҲ
ʱһһҪǿһȼ磬һǿȺ
һѹһ壬Ϊߡ
ʱһ涼Ҫؽһ硣
ǿ壬ȴΪһ˽Ӷѳ󱻸ϳ
Ǹ˽ӣİλʥ֮һ߲
߲Ȼǰ˼һʵȴǳͷ棬ھų֮µһˡ
ң߲дԣϥµھӵһ˽ӡ
һ棬Էй涨ֻĵϵӵһҰ£嶼մȾ
ĵھȴǳ˵մȾЩͨ壬ͨ顣
߲һλ߲ʵŮʱ䶯
Ҫ֪һһ棬Ψһһ֡
ȴ÷ǳ裬ɢھӺǸ߲ʵŮ߲˽Ӹӡˣ㶪ڵĳϡ
ڱ˿߲һѪֱӾͱˡ
˱Ϊ鵽Ϊֹ˭Ҳû뵽һԪ֮Ǹӡ߲ͻ˷ӡ׾硣
ֻʱ߲ٶȳ֣ԼףҲұ¶ǳ͵
ֱʥʵ֮󣬲ŷع飬
ԴȻɫѿȻ߲ڣʹʵǿˣȴܲˡ
Ͼ˽Ӷ˵ǳ裬˫Ѿ˲ɵ͵ìܣ߲Ҳǳʹӡ
ǣһڲԪ
ǣΪʥǿƵһˡȴܸ߲һ壬ϳ򣬴Ӷγɵ򡪡
֮³Ȼ߲ʵˣ֮⣬ǰΪҲģܵ˷桢ǵĵơ
ԴԺ߲һɣڣ˭Ҳ߲ĸ֡
ԣʥ߲ʱŭ
Сӣս㡣ҧгݵ˵ŭϢʹȺ
ߣһȴû˵Ͼʵȷ
ҲΪѾϳ򣬶ܣв
ûмϻ˻
ʱħԨʥɭȻ˻˺ҧҺܸˣһҪʥҪսҵģѪħ򲻻ưոݵġ
ʱѪħѾˣԼȥɻС
ߣħԨΪѪħ򣿱ˣ棬ǿʱӭսЦܣһС
ְѾ뵽˹
ʥĽȴһߵʥҲŭˣʥȻѪħǵжԵģҲһСĵ˵
ѪħԸ򡣡ħԨʥҲߵ
ʥɫһ䣬ǿ󣬵ѪħôҲ֮档


1335 Ⱥ
ʥΨһֵҵǣ˴˶УҪļʺС
ʥҲҶʣٴ̼ʥħԨʥߵֻǾñȺСһ͹ˣЩϼһͲҪٹעˣȽˣٹעҲ١
ֻֻش˵ʥħԨʥţ˭š
ʥħԨʥûмʣѾʥѾﵽĿˣԱȥ
ʥЦһҲջ

ǡ
ĽңҲû˿͸չ۲챦ˣϢܿͱ֪ˡ
ܼ򵥣ΪǣȻԼҲ޷繵ͨˡ
ô£ϢȻͲȥڵͿշеҶ죬Ȼͣסӣüͷ塣
ղ淢һϢȴַȥ
ûҶƬ̣޳ֻǱ㴫ѶˣȻҶ⡣
дˡ
һݴ½뵽
ûнţȻټûС
һЩؾĵطܸϢĴ͡
֮ǰԴϢȴܣȻдﶯֽš
ܹߴһǿƤ¶ֽŵˣʵ֪վ۷һȺ֮һ
ȻҲ£Ͼߴ򱣳ƽ⣬λҲֻڱǣûĶ
ҲãǱ˹עҲǲˬҶ˵
ݴ½ЩҲͷҲÿʱỵ̈˹עţƱһ
Ҷ죬ԼкܶƣȻϣˡӡ
ںˣǳΪһطˣҲñ˵ļˣʱоڣˡ
Ӧִܹˣ
Ҷ漴ǰɫѾܽˣԼһʱܹϵ
ʱҶѾӦкüǿϢ
ЩϢɵѣȻЩ˵ʵǳǿ
ˣҶһ·ϣ˸Ƿǳǿš
ԽԽȤˡҶ۾ڵһ˵Ĺâ΢΢̧ͷǰɫ˼⡣
ɫڶûʧôˣǶɫڸˣ˶֪ˡ
ңѾ˱һһֹһˡ
ɫȻڡ
ⶫǱĻѵڣ
ҶɵأҲĶ˲ٵ伮ʶıǴеıûҲЩ伮֮п֪ǵ״
ɫȴǵһο
ĳ壬ϧû취ȥҶ̧ͷƬɫգ΢΢˼š
ѹ̫ǿˣʵȻԷУҲɲ˶ߣΪԽϣѹԽǿ
ԣЩԿ߿Ʈɢɫȴ޷
ʱţеЩɫҲĽͣҪ˶ãܸǱˡ
֪ΪʲôҶɫһͻļɵ
ɫȻдǣĪʲôϵҶв²⣬Ϊ̫ˣһǰһ󣬷·ԼƵġ
һʱܿ͹ȥˣҶҲڿɫȻźԶȴѾܹˡ
һ㣡
Ҷ΢΢һĿдһ˿죬ƺû뵽ЩɫȻһȼġ
ʱǸ㻹ôߣΧļ̳ɢŵĹΣ˷ǳ档
ҶĲ㣬վԱ߻ӡ
һȫŽɫĹâ˿ģһһƬɵ棬塣
ȻҶȴϳˡ
ͽһšҶ첻۾
ѾսˣһֹһΣһӾ͹۲ϵϢ
Ȼһ㣬޷Ҷжϳ˵ݣϾȻ࣬Ҳ١
ΧʱͿռı仯Ǿˡ
ŵУֻһͽһţʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨
ҶϳˣΧЩִ˵صߴǣҲϳˡ
ϾǶţǳҶƲĳͬԡ
ҲΪʲôѾִȴûκζԭ
Ϊһźͽһŵ̫ǿˣǿվһ˭ҷ
ο涼֪ġ
Ҷ֪ЩȻڲжǲǽ
ǶɵӣԼһû취һźͽһţһȺأ
ν˫ȭѵ֣һźͽһôǿҲܹƾˣֵܵסһȺŵĽ
Ҫ֪ţһеţһȺǾҶҲҪϽܡ
ңʱţԽԽŸ
ȻڴĻѪħţǿԤϣȴѪħŸǶֵʱˡ
Ҷóûۿ㣬֪ΪʲôǿŻػ㣬ǵĿʲô
ϧۿ죬Ҷ춼۲첻һȻ
ԴѶȥѯɴͺˡҶ찵뵽漴һݣΪλǵĿˡ
λǲǴѶȥǰ鴫ȥ
Ȼλܾܿһλǿߡ
鲻ˡҶĿⲻɵܹλǿǣ飬ȻС
Ѿǰǿŵˣ漰֮Ĳġ
Ҷ첻֮飬Ϊ̫ˣȻֻ֣Լù
ԣ˵֮Ҷһֱڰйۿû¶ټ
ΪҶϢЩ˼㷢Ҷ죬ҲֻΪһţû⡣
ʵϹô죬˵صѾʮ֮ˣҶУ˭⣿
ԭڵ
ͻȻһ
˲ɵ̧ͷȥ
ֻԶУʮӰһϢˣɷ죬Ѫɫ˫Ŀ˲֮ӡ
ˣ΢΢Ȼ
ЩͻȻˣѪħǿߣҲֻѪħţŻ˵ſ񣬲ǿš
ڰеҶ죬ͻȻ۾һȺѪħǿ֮пһˣǸߵĻŰ
ڰԣĸϢǳǿ󣬱ȰҪǿһЩӣȻѪħǵĸǿš
ʮţΪס
ҵ˭ôԭѪħһȺ°ܽͬʱһŻȻ۾ɫ˫͸ȻĿ⣬ⷽضԵ
ԱߵһҲ۾ɫӣ͸ʵĹΣ鲻Խȥɲ⡣


1336 ͻ
һŷǳ΢΢һһƬϯȥͬоľκˣܵǷ׷𶯡
Ⱥ°ܽվǰ
һЦ
ûǰѪħŷһôţȻ£ɵ

Ѫħһž¶ŭݣһĿ⣬˷ڵɱ⡣
Ѫħ򣬱ȶҪʹޣϾеĵһ͵ڶΪ˴֮ľѾ
ҲΪеУСƽĻᣬֱûĻ·ˡ
ǺǣкϷˣԶҶڰУȻۿһĻ
һЩţҲڰй
ϾѪħǿߣ˭Ըͷ
˵صĶеţȻǲԸͷ񣬵ҲһȻ֮ǲڴʱ뿪ģ϶ȴʱ
˵ѾһΪأٲͱˡһǳԵſµƣͺһ˵
ѪħŶŭˣֱһ㶼ǷЩվѪħ۷˵ʷĳ衣
ˣôţҳϲĶ֣һ˻ܶԸôˣ
ѪħУΪ׵İû˵Ǻʮ˵Уȴһ̲סˣɵŭȵ
ˣ
ýһŷŭĴĿһɨʱˣб˵ɱ⡣
СģһԵİɫʱһ䣬ȵ
ֻһɫӰӣ֪ʲôʱѾѪħǰһǿΧգܵһѪħźȻ
ۣ
еѪħţûеֵĿܣֱӱɳȥ嶼ˣֻһ˿סˡ
ͫһ׷׶ݡ
ʵٶȣʵ̫ˡ
ڰеҶ죬Ҳ𾪲ѡ
һٶȱһټŶеĿռ䷨ѾԼٶ֮Уǿ¡
Ҫǻڱĵطûбǵǿѹô˻ûô־塣
ڱǣѹѹƣʹ˸޷˲ƣһӵмٵĽһǰȴԵƺͱ
е㱾£Ȼû
һſǸסѪħţ΢΢һߣĲм
ʱѪħѾָˣȴٶˡ
ղŵһʵܵٽ
Ҫ֪ѪħһӵܣΪԼѪħǿţͰ࣬Ҳܴ
ԣ֮ǰҲûѽһſжȴǺڲѡ
һ£ˣô˵涪ˡ
ǵķʥɵģŪ㣬ǵʲôĿģ
Ϊ׵һѪħʱʡ
һֱû˵ǰҶڣûһ˸Һ
Ϊ˼ȻܹվһѪħŵǰ棬ֻվߣɴ˿ɼʵλ
һҲһֱڰѪħ꣬ʱɵЦӦѪħһӰɣˣҲûʸ֪顣
ӣ
ѪħνĵҲڻӵܣֻǻӵǿһš
ڻӵУһ˿Դеͬţôӵеӵĳƺš
Ҳȥƺţϧʧˣǰܸǰˡ
Ҫ֪ɲǱʵǱս
ʵΪĲ࣬սȴһ
սҪ˫ѹͬһ磬Ȼٱԡ
ͬһ磬ս޵еˣѪħĵӡ
Ҳ൱Ҷĵλһ
ǲʸԹ֪һţҲһѪħĵȻҲӵԼĽһŲԼѾŭˣֻּѾԿԼŭϲвɫ
ҵҪʲôˡһԣ϶ʱһɫӰӣΪһֻ޴ĽſɱĿλѪħĵӡ
ԷȻֻ÷ԸԼѪħĵӸӷŭˣ˫Ѫɫ۾ܱߵĿռ䶼Ⱦˣ·һ޴Ѫɫѹ£鲼硣
ֻɫĴ񣬶ʱѪɫ棬Ѫѹ
Ȼֻǳֲһɳ죬һƬǿӲ˺ռ䣬ƬѪɫ綼ˡ
ߣ
Ѫħĵڶݣ̧ԼƣʱӵʹֻƶҵѪɫâһӱϴ󣬺һ̩ɽֻĽѹ
һΣֻڵֵסˣѪɫһѹ˵ϣãܿɢˡ
ߣһż״ɵһӰͻȻ֮ԭʧˡ
ԭֻǲӰΪٶ̫ˣûע⵽Ѿʧˡ
ѾѪħӵǰּٴֲХǳ
Ѫħ磡
һˣѪħĵҲ֣ʱΪһƬѪɫ磬һ˽ȥ
һֻ̣һ޴ѪɫƯڰУڽһźѪħĵӣѾʧˡ
磡
Уŵһ
粻ͬ磬ʱ۳ģȴǳǿ󣬿ѹƽеκˡ
ȻѪħУѪħĵӵ޷ơ
վԱߵһţȴǲû˿ĵ֮ɫƽĿ⿴һѪħţؿڣ߰ɣҲǴ򣡡
Ȼûнһʢ˵İԵ˻Ǵһ˿мȻԷҲûȺѪħŷ
̫ˣ
Ҳδ̫ˡ
ΪѪħ𣿡

ӶرСõȺѪħŷ߿ѡ
㣡ԱߵһˣһѪɫӰѸٽӽһš
еҶ죬¶һѪɫĳ򣬿˵츳ȰҾ紦λ۷徳磬սºǿ
ңһ֮⣬ٶ棬ѪħĻӵܣҪǿˡ
ѪħţʱٶȾˣȻȲϽһţҲһƬ
Ҷȥ뿴һʵΡ
һûҶʧֻǰ˰֣һʱ֮ӿֱӽѪħŸ˻ȥ
ݷ
ܹʱõزһŵҶ찵ȡ


1337 
Χһţȫ֮С
һĻʵ̫ˣǿѪħһӵܣڳûмʤˣҾʤˣҲ޷һɡ
ǰһˣ֮˫ȫһȼϡ
㾹Ȼ԰ʱڹϣŶһţг˲š
Уܹ׾ǰʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ţʵ
Ӷׯܡֻ𣬻Ľţʵв١
Ƕһǿ
ܣ
ʱ䷨λһ٣ôһҲʱ䷨ʮҲʱ䷨򣬵һܹʮ
ׯܡЩˣȻ˿ռ䷨򣬵ܹڹĺ٣Ͼֻǳ漰ռ䷨
ֻͲͬˣԴֻѾݵһµĲΣԳʱ䷨ǿֻһűǲ̫Զˡ
ԣ˲˵𾪡
еʶ˭һ̧ۿ˰ʵ
һѾΪһѪ⣬һŸһ˫Ѫɫĳգһ˿˿˷ϯȥ
Χʱһ̾ΪٶȺܿ죬ǳӽǸһˡ
ӰŻͺһһԻΪÿһ嶼ͬĹƾŰݺݵشһš
Ѫħһųѧ˲Իž߷ͬʱӵбĹ൱ھŸһ𹥻ס
Ȼڷһ֮󣬾Ÿʧˣֻʣһ塣
Ҳģķʧôžѧֲ̫ˣս޷ȼ磬ǲܵġ
ӦÿԱƳ汾˰ɣ
һż״ɵÿԱߵһţŶԷûжöʵ˸оɲ⡣
ڣаĹӦ
ĿԴʱ򣬴ͻȻһͷȻ͵شӵصǾ޴ֱӵǰ
꣡
ڰеҶһϤȻһӾϳˣǵ·꣬޵зš
Ѫħ°ܽ
һΣ겻һ˳֣ıϻһɫϣ˴СȫɢŽӲӵĹâޱȵϬâ̱
ৣ
ɫһٶȻ죬ȴɢһһǰĿƣ˫ȭͬ˫ȥȭâе̫Ҫңҫ۵Ľڻһʣ˲ֱӡ
䣡
ľֱӱһȭȭͷˣನǲƣɳȥѪ
˶ʱȻȺѪħŶޱȡ
ƽϣ˾һڰйսħţ˿̲ס
Ϊһһǿ壬ƽһóıӵ޿ƥе
֮ͬУ棬ûһ˿ȵϻƽϡ
ǿֲеҶҲ𾪲ѡ
ƽϵǳֲִ֣ٳȴ˰ľɳȥ
ľս˭֮
һ˲䣬ΧˣƽϵĿ֮ж˼ɵ֮ɫ
Ȼ̤һɱ⣡ƽϺɰ֮󣬽һ壬ʱΪģΧǧ֮ڵĵȫȥγһ޴Բ
Ŀ⣬ǿҵɱ⣬ɨܵǡ
Ȼ˭̤Բ֮ڣͻĹ
Χʱ˳Ĭ˭Ҳͷ񣬶ƽϺܼɵ
ƽϣųǿҵҪǲġѪħΪ׵˵߳һˣĸߴɷ죬һ˫ѪɫӣӳѪһĳ˲ֱӡ
ʵʸһսƽϿˣǳûԸ¶֮ɫ
䣡
漴ײһ𣬱춯صıը
ƽϹ˼һԵ㣬ԽսƶԶѪħҲû⣬Ŷȥ˫Ҳɱʱںѷֳʤ
СѾͷƬӣּˣЦſ޴ȴƶķǳ٣ðղűƽ˵ˣҪˡ
ߣһΪһƬѪû
ȷˣᣬܿͻָ˲ˣӰս
Ͼ츳ǿȻƽϲ٣ղ֮Աɣ˻ƽ̫ǿ֮⣬ҪΪΪȻƽϲ˺ܶࡣ
ķ̫̬ˣܰûˣҲ޷޵з˫˽֮С
ʣµʮѪħţȴû֣ͣΪ׵ˣһ̤ͬǰֱһš
˭ܹ㣿

ѪħŷǳǿƣǵȷǿƵʵϾǵ츳ͰһǾȴȰһ㣬սȻǿ
һûֻǵɨһۣĿͶǰ㣬·˷

һ̽һֻѪɫľƣѹ£·һƬѪɫ磬ƬûһŶɽȥ
𣡡
ͻȻһŭ
ٴ𶯣һͷ޴ĺɫӵŴһ𣬶ʱѪƱ飬Ѫⱻûֻʣ¶ա

˴һ
ǿţӶصÿһսƥ𺳡
󣬸ÿڴʱ洫һŭ
һ̣һͷɢʹâӶ̤ɫʣǰǿϢɨȥ˶ݡ
ꡢ󡢽ƽϡ롢ȴһǿߣ߲һǿû֮⣬ڱǵǿŻ϶ˡ
ǿݣʵ𺳣ѹһ֮ϡ
еҶ춼𾪲ѣĿֲݣǱֱһȫһ档
ҶȻĶеκһ˶ܣǶԷˣһûȫԵȡ
Ȼֲ
ѹеһţһ˾ˣû뵽ǾȻôࡣ

ΧڰйսǣһƬȻ֮С
ѪħţɫѿӣǰͻȻֵ롣
Ѫħ򣿲˶ѣ򿹺⣬ȥɡĿⲻмɨȺѪħţĮ˽һѪħŷ߿ѡ
ӰԵһֻǰѪħţֱӿںȵ
Ѫħǿܵɵŭһֱ룬Ĵ󶥼ǿһҲɱ
һϣٵ㣡ʣµʮѪħǿߣ㣬ǿֻҪܹƻļƻǾǳɹ˭ʲôá
ߣһż״۾һУһ˫ɫӣһ͸ɱ⣬䳹ǣǡ


1338 
ѪħŴƬ򳹵֡ŰĿֲٸ˵صĶеţսܹ֮һɵصֵһ߼ս
ҶڰУһ߹սһ̽Χǣħ򡢶ħ˲ţһǿޱȣȻڲǿǡ
Ҷ컹ӶŷƷһȺСܡһߡ
ú۴½ǣҲʼ
Ҷ죬𣿡޳ͨϵҶ죬ȻǱʹ޷Ϣݳȥͨǿڱڲ
ˣҶЦŻӦҸԼڵλãȺݴ½ǿ˹
ףҶʥҲˣֻߣϢѾﵽλ۷徳磬ԲҲԶˣҶο
ԶսѪħźǣҶоһ
Ȼݴ½ʵǺűǲ˲١
֮У֮⣬Ҳͽ޳ֻѪħһս֮
ˣܹסͲˣϾΪ˺ܶ࣬λ񾳽ĺ٣ûˡ
ЩһﻹǱ̬а֮ӿǰսɵøпгء
£ʲôʱȼŶֵǮˣô࣬ò˻˰ս޼ǳˬΧ̽ӶȥԼʵȫһȣ԰ܲˬ
һԵĵϷȻû˵ǳصĿ֮УҲԿóǴʱ˿̵顣
ǰˣ֮󣬸ģߴţҲǿСġֻ̾
ׯܵ˵ͷ˵ǰһţڿѪħǣҲ֪Ϊʲôһֱѹˡ
쿴Ǹһֲ̫ˣ̫ǵĸпָǰ˵
һܵʮѪħΧҪ֪ʮѪħţаǻӵܣȻȲϰǣôҲǻӵܣȱҶɱɢ١
˵ʮѪħţһʵȵϷǲеԺֻׯܡа֮Ǳȼ硣
ȻǿʮѪħţһֹһţκβ
ֻһűһƬɵڸǣЩѪħŵĹƬɵ֮޷԰Σһ
һžôվһǿУȴƸ죬˻ģϡ
һʵҶ൱ˡа֮Ӿ̾
ԱߵĽ޳Ŀң˵ս⣬·һսȼ
ţЩѪˡ
ΪλڣռҲ̤żһս֮нҶ죬Ȼηһţгս⡣
Ҷϵܣ㿴ʲô𣿡ֻ߽Ҷ죬ѯʵ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵Ȼ죬Ҳ֪㵽ʲôãԿó⼸ǿŷǳ㣬ϧһдڱ
һžܵʮѪħŵΧȴʼû뿪Ǹ벽ʵͻɱѪħˡһԵׯ˵
һŷǳҪſ֣ʮѪħŸֵס
һŲûôǳ˼ߵ㣬ʼղ벽ԼʵˣҲ޷ȥɱѪħǡ
ȺѪħŷǳƻȻֹ㣬һŷģս
ò˵ǵȷˣΪһŷǳ㣬뿪벽Ľʵõս޷ȫӡ
ô죿Ҫ𣿡Ȼʵ
һȺҶͽ޳ڣʵѪħһţ֣Ÿıսֵ
ûбҪҡҡͷ˵ʲô㲻ʲôãڵֻٵ㣬ǾǰѪħæҲѪħ˸мȫڳֺõ顣
Ҷ죬أս޼Ҷ죬ҲҶ졣
ΪҶʵǿ֮УѾ֪سΪ
˵ĲҶԳƬ̣ż˵̽ӹˣȻܹ죬ǵ綼޷ֵס֣ԿóǲûʲôԣԿ϶򲢲ҪԸǣ㣬ô
ʲô㣬ʲôϵս޼ߺߵ
Ҷ۾о仰û˵Ǿֱܻ޴Σ
ֱⶫ˭ܹ˵أû˵ˣֻǼս
ѪħѾ򵽰Ȼˣȴ˭Ҳκβ˭ռϷ磬Ϊʵ಻ֻܼȥ
Ҷûѡ֣ΧڰеҲûѡ֣Ͼûиʧ֮ǰ˭Ҳ׷ѹ򣬲ҵǿ
ҪЩų֣ǵ㹻Уֲɵӣ˭ɣ
൱սеĺܾã¹ȥˣǵսûнһץס˻ᣬɱһѪħĻӵܣķ̾
һ죬Զ·ǧڶض𶯲һµҳ񷣬һɹǿϢǣǵصŰ
𣡡
޵ŭΧɫһ䡣
ǻޣ
޳ˣҲֹһͷһȥѹѹһƬһǳǿ
֣ҶüͷȺӿĻޣͻȻһ˿ʡ
֪ǷǳŽģԼҲͬ顣
ڣҶУȺһ߳ﱼڶһ߾Ȼ·ɱǿĻֱԱߵСĻޡ
һĻʵҶ첻ţ⻹ǺųŽĻ
λԲ˻ԱߣȻս޼һ
ǰȺ֮УȻλԲĻޣһֹһͷǧͷֱ֮࣬
λԲʵЩ޷Կˡ
ЩſԽսΪ̫໹λ񾳽磬ﵽλĶ٣ôսλԲĻأ
֮УҲֻҶ졢޳ȼŲſ԰õ
ȺеλԲʵ̫ˣǧͷҶҲǿ⣬Ͼ޵̫ˡ
ӣҶɫһ䣬ȵ
޺κﶼУһһ
ôǿĻޣҶԵֵ˻л·
ӣ
ݴ½ŲҶ˵ѾԶˡ
ҲӣѪħŶͣսˣ׷ܡ


1339 
䣡
𶯣սƬ˷֮С
ǧĻӿﵽλԲĻޱмǧͷһʵˣѪɷ֮ɢϯƬء
ڰйսһǣʱòһɫ䣬š
ôлޣ
ҲˣȻôǿĻޡ
ȻڳĶһһţһԽսǼˣҲֵֻܵһͷֵȼĻޣһȺӿǾͱˣӶӲ
ȺЩ֣ȻûŽɱˡ
Ǽˣ޵̫ˣһŲҾæܱӡ
Ƕǰ׳գȺɱΣգһû˿棬αأ
Ҷ춼ʼˣЩ棬̽Ӷ۲Щޡ
һɱһ׷Ⱥܵţһͬ㣬ǾǶļӶֱӴߴɱѪħһš
⣿Ҷʱɴ۾
ţҲޱȣϲ֮дŲɻ
ţҲʺ𾪣ʲô˼
޾Ȼţֱš
Ҫ֪޿ǻṥеڵȺޣԼͬ඼ˣȴţʵ̫ˡ
ҶϵܣûɣȺһǻޣ̫֮ɫЩŵ˵
ʵĻޣ֮ǰڲʱҶû˵һԵׯܿ˵
Ҷ۾ǻûȼմ㣬йأ֮ǰ²ĴַǣĴŪģڵǿоƻ޵İ취ˡ
ƻޣ
˵һ
ʲô
ǿĹаͬʱҲǿһɻ
ǰҶ²˿˻ޣôʣµ򼴱֣Ҳᱻġ
ʱ򣬿¾ͳһȫʱˡ
ҲܹƻޣЩ񼶱ĻǺЩϵĻѾ˲ǵǣҲǻᱻ˿ס
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ҪסߵȼĻȻ̫ܣڵоһѾһˣǵоչܴ˭֪Ժ᲻õһ㲻ò
뿪֮󣬽¸֪ĸ߲㡣ׯ˵
ҶȴǽĿͶǸûȼմ㣬һĹâ
ʱǸԱߣһȻغš
ļţŻ֮ȥ׷ɱЩܵѪħˡ
ǺûᣬлްæǾԿɱѪħţȻ飬ѡʤ׷
һţΪػʣǸûȼմ㣬Ҳ׷ɱˡ
ҶϵܣҲ뷨ȻֻҶ죬˵
Աߵս޼һ㶣ʵʲô뷨
ص㣡˵
̫˵ͷȻĴŪģбҪȥĸ߲ȥоô˵ǰ׼ҲܹӦı
УǴ֮Ĳģǲȥ𣿡ս޼˷ۣ˵
ҲһᣬҪļֵҲܹ˻ýֻ͡Ŀᶨ˵
Ҷڿˣ˫ųҵĽ⣬ԵϬƥֻش˵öԣ㣬ڱصá
λֻһɨˣһսǳΣգҽ飬ûнλ񾳽뿪˵ء
һݴ½ԣҲûм֣Ͼ˵̫ΣˣΣգοǴһжǸ㡣
գֻҶ졢޳ֻׯĸﵽλ񾳽һ𣬳Զȥ
һЩ׷ĻޣҶסˣа֮ȡʱ䡣
ˣѾԶˣǶˡ޳˵ϬĿԶһţгս⡣
ֻ˵ҺׯܸǣƸĻޣǶȫ㡣
Ҷ죬㣬һŵж޳漴˵
Ҷ֪޳˿ѾսޱߣɵÿЦһ˵Сĵ㣬˵ʵǳ£־ͨʱ䷨򣬶ΪλڣǶһΡ
ģҲѰ·ģҪǲУٻϣһϡ޳Ц˵ظ֮ˣ֪·ǰ塣
ã
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ƹһЩޣǱȥ
ĻޱЩܵȥˣҶ˷أĻ޺١
Ѿ¶Σһǲܵġ
򣿡
һźܿͷҶĸġ֮͡Ŀ΢һ˿ȣ漴һЦ
ҶܸȤɣ޳ͺһⱬе֮Уʹ񽣱ҫ۵Ĺâһݺݵرһš
ʲôʱҲôˣǺǣһԵúܳȣһЦ̽һֻƣĩպյľ֣գ񷣬õƬ˺ڰ֮С
ֲ̫ˣһŵֻƣ޳ڣҲҶǸУȻҪһһ򾡡
ŵһĻҶ춼ŭˣХһŭȵȻľţȻſΪû𣿡
Ҷ죬޳ŭڣûбСɵҶǰ֡
ռ
ϵĽһʩչǹֲĽŰ˲ãأҲһ𾪡
Ȼ˽һĿһ޳񣬵һα
ߣ޳һһ̳ضΪ֮Ȼʧɫ·棬ֻʣ貵һ
ĽҶ춼𺳲ѣĿ֮Բռ
Ľ˫ǵˣǴ˿̣һŶ̲ס̾
޳ԴѪħ۵Ͻӡ֮ռ㿪ʼ̤żԽԽǿˡ
ң޳֪ǰһŷǳǿһֱԼǿһԼϽӡҲУӳԼǿ
䣡
һֱ˺ֻѹĻɫƣƲؼɱһţ;֮һƬݿ࣬ϵɢ
չᣡ
һɫһ䣬һչֳԼı壬Ϊһֻ޴ޣ˫𶯣ձѣʱ֮ܲƣƬضסˡ
һ̣޳貵һ㱻֮У޷


1340 ս
Ȼʱ䷨־磡
һֱӽ˽޳ռһҶͫһ֮ɫ
һţʱ䷨ľ磬Ѿˡ
Ҳѹ֣ҶȻĴУһʱ䷨Ǿ޴츳ơ
ò˵Щޱʵѷɫ̫ˣҲѹߴΨ
ʱ䷨򣡡
޳˿Ҳ֮Уû뵽Էʱ䷨ĳɾͣȻ˵زԼռˡ
޳Ҳûоʹ˰֣ٴιʹ񽣹â䣬һٳ˽ɱһš
ʱ䷨Ͼһ׼ǿ߶Բ٣οһţ
ԣһεʱҲûмֶ೤ʱͱ޳ͻˡ
Ͼռһɲ鹹ģǽ޳Ϊ˶Էһ㣬¶ԷҲܽ
ֻأ
ֻͻȻ֣һֻغ
ѾҶϤֻˣϾʮУֻؾѧѾֻݵһոµľ硣
һܵһ֮顣
ǹɻһΧʱ֮ʼɢ޷ۼ
㡭һŶʱͫһЩ𾪵ؿֻ
֮Уɵֻн޳Ҷ죬ûֻׯܷϾǲŸոսλ񾳽磬Ρ
ǣû뵽ֻʱ䷨ĳɾͣȻֻһ㡣
һĲȻֻһţȴԸһŶʱ䷨ȴǸ˽޳Ļᡣ
һŵȷͬ죬ֻ΢ָ֮˹Ȼ˫񶯣һֿµٶȳ̶ǰĲռ䶼˺ѿˡ
꣡
𵴲ҵ̶ⷽسױ
һչֱǳǿ˫ܹ֮ռ䣬ֻ޴ӳ泤˺ɫëͬһ͸űɭȻĺâ񶹸һˡ

ɱɭ磬޴գɢһɿֲѹ˸ܵһϢ
ݣ
޳е񽣷һĽһĿĽ˸Ƴҵ绮Ʋ񷣬֮һĿĵѺۡ
ռչϵĽ˺Ʋ㣬ӱڲ񷣬ߴʥõķӡסˡ
ǣɿֲĽ⣬Ӳ˺һǿѹһ־ķâȥ
ϣ
񽣴Ǻɫë̶죬ԼһĻ𻨣ա
һ񶯳򣬾һµ쫷ŰΧһɽضˣʯϵطϲ񷡣
䣡
޳һȥ貵ĽâΪϸСĽ֮䣬еһжˡ
ն
ͻȻһббͬһ쵶˺ѳ룬һٴ㽣ն޳
һԹսҶһһƺţ൱ĵ۾ŷ۾ּĸǿߡ
򣬷ױΪ۾׾Ǻųʡ
ʥΣ档
һʩչһžѧһλľУпܾһڵһλʴģʩչӦ֣ܴ
СģҶ̲ס
޳ȻҴ⣬ȫʹнⱩǧɣһ貵Ľâ¶âңƲ񷡣
䣡
һ
һ֮󣬽޳˶˳ȥռˣһŸҵɱ
վΪһ㣬޳һţҲֻһѡ
Ҷ첻ٹսһ˺գͦסһš
ȥ㣡Ҷ˵Ľ޳ȵԼӭһųȥ
Сģ޳Ӧһ漴㡣
һż״ŭ˫֮䣬ϱһɫëһɱ鲼أҶͽ޳ɽȥ
ҶһеѪս貵Ľ⣬ͬһգĺɫëȫֽȥ
¡¡
𶯣ձ顣
Ҷҧһ˹ȥӲסһŵǿơ
˵һҶţɱѪħλǿߣķ㱻ˣѲɾ㣿
һŶҶ죬Ŀɭ䡣
ûи㣬Ҳҵ°ܽҶߵ
ȻҶսһĻ
𣿡һŲ÷񣬰ȴϵλţǲҪȥ׷ɱѪħţػ㡣
ңҶͽ޳ϢҲ˹ȥ
ʲôǸҶܹ󣿡һŵõϢɵһ
ٺЦţ湻ҪģȻû˵
ߣֻκβ˭˵ұˡͷ꣬ҪƤ񣬿ϴξСˡ󷴴༥ȻϰܸҶ죬ʵ̫ˡ
Ҳǰ׳գȻ˼
ȥһǼ׷ɱѪħĴƽϴһתͷȥ
Ҳȥǲûȥˡһ˫һ񣬻ΪһɫĹâʧʣգ֮㽫ƽں档
񣬿һ潻ģȻҪȥʧˣѴ̡
ꡢһţ׷ɱѪħš
׷ɱһŶȥƬȴû˶һźҶ˵ļսձض졣
ռʮҶһһ˺Ѳ񷣬ֲĵâЯƥܣŶһնȥ
ৣ
һ˫ᣬ޴ȴû˶ٶۣٶȺܿ죬Ͼʱ䷨ڹؼʱ̿ʱԼٶȣӶʹٶһ㲻ڽһš
ٷУֻɫĳͬɫħƲ񷣬жأⷽ涼ڻĵ֮С
䣡
ҶϵװױȵĽɫԣ־Ѫսͬһɫս̤գսսء
ϵӡҶеѪսںһ壬ĵâʧɫǹɾâ˺һУݿһسȥ
ͣ
һɫȻһߣΪԼ˫Ȼʼֵסˣһµѷг֣š
Ҷﱼڶĵâ޼᲻ݵľâĳ޶ʼֵסˡ
ߣе㱾£һһ漴ʱ䷨򣬽ԼڵƬؼ٣ӶָƣܹҶƥһ


1341 ɱ
Ѥļ̳ϣʣָ㣬Ȼȼšɫֱ񷣬ڸ߿֮Ѹɢǡ
Ҷ쵲סһ֮󣬽޳˼̳һֻ֣ż̳ϲץȥ
䣡
Ȼ̳ױȵ貹âһַ֯޳סҳȥ
˼޳۾һУһǿ͸ֱ𶯶ɫĹâޱȳңҪ
Ȼ޳漴ɫһ䣬ԼȻ޷΢˰ֶѣʵ𾪡
ߣƾҲ㣬±ӰɣһЦԶһţһߵֵҶĹһ߿Ž޳Ц
Ӽ̳˳Ž޳ֱۣ˶סˡ
ռ޳ŭһ±貵ĽâƺҪƬضʳƬ
ϧһжͽ޹ģǸ޼᲻ݣƣϡ
Ҷ˫֮һȵֻش磬ׯܴ磬渽ʱ֮Ϳռ֮ǿֽɢ
ԭˣ޳ʱȻѹԼκβ
ȼʱһźͽһűֲ˷ӵʱ֮Ϳռ֮
޳Ȼʵǿ󣬼ʱ֮Ҳܹƾռһ£ټϿռ֮ô޿κΡ
ã
ˣ
ֻׯҶЩ޾Ѹٳ̳Լʱ֮ռ֮
ס֣һż״ʱɫһ䣬û뵽ҶߵˣȻһʱ䷨һ˿ռ䷨ÿƽڼ̳沼õķ
ϧĺûֹֻׯ˵Ķ貵ļ̳ǵϹ£һԵð˺ܶࡣ
䣡
ż̳ϵʱ֮Ϳռ֮ɢǸҲס޳ռһ貵ĽâնƬ
һ̣޳һץס˼̳ϵ㣬Լߡ
֣һžŭӣŭɫëϱγһƬ貵ĵҶûˡ
Ӵ壬ȴѾգڽ޳Ͽա
ʱһɿֲѹ٣ý޳üͷһ壬ľѡ
ռʮʱһȴĵ֮дһŲɵתͷȥͫ׶ʱһš
ΪһӰɢųҵĽ⣬һ˵˺գһն
ֱǾһǾһױȵİһ
һŶòо̾һǰδ׼ǿߣҲδֳĿµ
һŶʱףǰţѾڵﵽһľ硣
ն
һŴȣԼеʹǾ޴巢ɫĹâֲһС
ͬǵһֵȻռȴ޵еƥ֮Ϊһλʴĵ
䣡
䣡
춯صľɵԶѾչʾԼĵ⣬ǰ־ϵײţƬնĥˡ
ƥƳ˷ϯȥ֮Զɽɭ֣ȫ飬ݻ٣֮䣬һƬĩվ
û뵽ҼϽӡﵽλڣĲ໹󣡡Զ޳𺳵ؿһĻ
һţҶ죬ֳʵʵ𾪲ѡ
Ҷ죬˵Ҷͬľ磬ռҲҺռ˵ʵȻ޴
ý޳֮࣬Ҳ˲ʡ
ȻҶѣΪһţʱ޿̶볬ԽҶ졣
ʱоԼҶѾܽˣǵҶչʾǿս֪֮ԼҶĲȻܴ
ӦսĲ࣬սĳɾԶԶҡ޳ܿץסеص㣬Ϭޱȳҡ
Դˣ٣ΪսĲǿСġ
Ȼ޷ս򣬵ǵȵ׾֮󣬾Ϳ԰ʱ仨սˡ
ʱԼҶĲ᲻ϵСġ
ŸʲôϽ߰ҶһһӲƴ֮󣬷ֽ޳ȻʱЦõغȵ
Ϊ𵤣ڱĵط̽鵽Զľ롣
ڸղţҶѾͨ̽鵽ƽϺͽѾˡ
ȵĳŽ٣ôǼ㲻ҲѴˡ
Сĵ㣡
޳ҶĻ˵ͷսԼ֮УԶȥ
һŭҶ쵲סû׷޳ֻؿŽ޳ʧС
Ҳߣ
Ҷ漴ֻׯܺȵǵʵ罣޳Ҳﲻʲôæ˵ᱻƽϺͽˣǾ̫ùˡ
ҶϵܣԼСģսֻ漴ׯһ뿪
һż״Ŀ˻Ҷ죬ˣ㻹ߵ𣿡
һ䣬Ǿ޴ٴ·űأ˫չȻ£ҶС
ʦŷ۾ҲȲ㣡һɱ˵
ʵ̫ŭˣͲһˣҲˣû뵽ȻһȺһƻ
Ҫ֪ڴ֮ǰǸûŷУҲѪħֵһսѣȤ
һȺţȻƻǵ
ͽ沼õ޷ɣ»λŭһˡ
ˣһŭ죬ðɣҶĿ˷ŭ棬ƺҪǶյøɸɾ
ôҪסң
Ҷ쿴ڰɵЦһ
û˿⡣
ΪܹɱңҶؿһһţ΢΢м֮ɫ
أ
δ䣬һɫĹâԶҶĶ棬ɷͰ
ǽһš
㱻ߣʧܣһһгŭ
Ҷɨ˽һһۣҡҡͷЦ
ټأƽǽӲӵűգҶǰһ˫ɫӣ·һ˫ȭͷݺݵɨҶ졣
ǿѹʱ
λһҶм䣬γɾɱ֮֡
ǱſһĻ»ᱻֱ
ǽһţǿһţ߻ƽϣеţǿš
ţһ˶˸еѹˣοһˡ


1342 һս
Ҷ죬ѷɡһȵӴգɢſֲѹⷽռ
ŷ۾ͽܣٺ٣˵İɱܸߣɱӦûúܷĽɣƽЦţߴѹɢһӲӵĹâ硣
ĵһţҿʲô°ɣһȵɱ졣
ֱҶ·
Ҷֻӭս
ৣ
һֵǽһţΪ˰Եſ˵Ҷ󣬻һŲʤжʱս졣
һߣһźͻƽϵҲûвֻ֣ǷֹҶܡ
ϾĽǲ۸ͬŵ飬ȥЦġ
ռ
ɱĽһţҶ첢ûκεСʩչռǰֲĵʱϯȥء
¡¡
һŷǳսȫһţȻռǿȴƾռ䷨츳Ϊһɫ磬Ҷ졣
Ҷһת֮ӿѪսױȵĹâе̫Ҫҫۣˢһ¾˳ȥ
ͣ
գиĿռ䶼ѤõĵâҪǰ룬ĵЯŴݿһƣֱٽһš
䣡
˼ײһıըƬ綼ڶ
ȣһŴһӴ֮תɫͬһɫ磬Զϯ
Ҷ˫տտһ̤գѾͬһ㱼ȥһֱ񷣬ݺݵ
ǶĽɫʱһͣǿĵâʹҲ޷ǰӿĵǷɱĽһš
ȿȣһŵ˰ɣѪҺ𾪵صŶҶ죬ԼȻˡ
һžȻˣôܣ
˵һ𾪣Ա߹սĻƽҲ𺳣޷ǰһС
һ֮ǰ̹ҶмЩ𾪣Ҳûж⡣
ĵҳϵȷСˣʸҵĶ֣һĨǵĽɫѪҺ˫õĽ⣬ͬʵʻĹ˲ֱӡ
һ̣˫񶯣֮жʱ˷ɢȥо˻γˡ
ʵǿռ籩ڽһŵĳ֮¶γɵģ֮Ŀռ籩˿ΧĿռ֮зǳ޼᲻ݡ
Ҷɫһ䣬û뵽һڿռ䷨ĳɾʹﵽֵز˿ǿһ֡
¡¡
µĿռ籩ϯ֮Χһжһɽϲ񷣬Ҳݻ٣ضһƬĩվ
ҶչռϵӡѪս֮У貵˺ѲգΪʮʵʻʯѹء
һγɵĿռ籩ݻʮʯȴʯסҲ޷ǰһ
ʲô
һ̲ס
Ա߹սһźͻƽҲ֮ɫǿĵǻǵһοǰû˵Ȼǳɻ
ռҶҲûһ죬ռĴᴫ档
ռ
λԣɵüͷΪûĵ
Դģƽ̲סҶ죬ʵ
һźһЩţǿĵֻЩʥ۾εǿ߲ܴĳɡ
ҿû£ʦ𴴳ġҶ˵
Ȼռռľȴŷ۾Ԫоġ
ԭˣ
ƽ˶ʱȻŷ۾Ĵ׹ܹĵҲܹ⡣
ôҪɱ𣿡ҶЦ
һսѾǰλŵʵˣࡣȻԷˣҶ򲻹ѵ
ˣɱ
һҲ֪ЩģҶ죿
㣡ƽϳˣϾܹͬεǿߣȻŹһսҲܹĥԼ
䣡ƽһȭûκεĻΣֻƽһȭӿȣⱩǣռ䡣
ȻҶȴܵһɿֲѹһȭƽȴһɿֲľ
ǻƽһ츳Ǻųǿ壬ͽֺ
ɣҶ˫âûжһӭȥ뿴жǿ
䣡
Ѫսƽϵȭͷײһ𣬱һɴ۵⣬û硣
ҶʱоеѪսƺЩղסˣʧɫ
棬ƽҲǳ𾪣Ϊֱ۱÷飬ȭͷһµѪۣǹɷĵڣƻ
ȣ
ƽ϶ʱһƳɷĵ⣬ȫâ䣬Ѹ޸Լơ
ϾƲأܿͻָˡ
ˣҲ𺳡
ǿҲĶ֣ƽϻָ֮󣬶ǰҶ˵û˿Ĳ
츳ȻʵȴһźͽһҪһЩ԰ܸҶ죬⡣
ϾһŸղŶҶһˡ
Ҷ죬㣬˴Ӧ㣬԰ɱѪħţҪɱپɱ١һͻȻ˵
һһɫЩؿһһۣȴû˵˳Ĭ֮С
ƽ۾һ˵ͷ˵ѪħţţǶ԰֣֣û˿Կ⡣
ҶһЦһﵹǴú⣬ȻѪħг𣬵ѪħĹϵ
ǻƽǰҶ챨𣬵ʵҶǶԸѪħˣһҪ㣬ǰ׳
ˣԸѪħˣԼ־Ϳˣòǲ֡Ҷգ漴Ц
ƽڨڨһЦһҲ֪ѻסҶ죬ĿڵɣֻҪԸ㽻ǣҿ԰ϵ͸㡣
ҶӵװǰĳҲӵͬȼװôҶ쿹⣿
ʵϣţᱻԵĳһװԷֹ⣬ɱҡ֮С
ʵϣһŵĻҶȷЩĶϾװֵܸߣȫװ
ǣĬƬ̺Ҷ컹Ǿܾˡ


1343 ħս
ܾ
ƽɫʱһ
˭
ǿǿţ֮ͬ京е֣һڸԵڶǱ֮ӣλԺЩû˸Ҿܾǡ
뵽ǰʵƽ˾һĬ
ǵʵȻǿ󣬵ҪɱҶǲܵģϾ磬ʵ̫󣬷ɱ˴ˡ
񵱳ҶѪħŰһȻǿԷȴɱԷ
Ҷ죬̫ˣΪκβ㣿һ̲סȵεһ潻ģҪʧˣ治ԼҲоûˡ
һҲˣĿضҶ죬Ҷ죬Ȼκβ㣬ǵ롢ǻ֮ѷɡ
Ǹʱǻҵ˵ɣҶЦ
һҲ壬뿪֮ȻɵúӲƴ
ңҲʼŽһֻҪһõŵ
㣡һ۾һɣŭ
һ˵κβ㣬ұ֤Żڽʱȫɱš
һ۾һ漴Ҷ죬ɭЦŵУ֮⣬Ƕ·һ͵Ÿʬɣ
ȫв
ҶĿؿǣߵΪܹвңҪɱɱǺûʲôϵ˵Ŷǣ˶Ҳɲ˶˺ߣ
һźһԶʱˣǿһӸ飬ǳŽᣬǻǺٿҶȫں˵
ʵҶ첢ǲںЩ˵ֻںݴ½Ⱥšˣֺûϵòŵġ
ҶûԼʲôĺˣ֮Уֻںݴ½һȺˣʶں
ңһԪȥŲֺαںһ㣿
෴Щܹ֮ǾлԪĩڽףɾ͸ߡ
ԣҶ컹Ͳôĥš
ô˵̸£ˣƽϿˣһȭ˹Ӳӵȭâա
ûһźͽһô˼ȻҶ첻Эôͳˡ
һΣȻǲ׼һһˣһ
һźͽһһ֣ǿһͬɱҶ죬֪ҶĻСҲһԡ
Ǻǣû뵽ҲԶˣϧҶĳûˣ´ٻɣ
ҶЦһԷΪս
ɲǰ׳գͨѾһˡ
ȻԷѾ֪ͨţ׼
ʱ֣Ҷı¶ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򣬷ɡ
ԣҶȻҪѡ·ˡ
ʵǰ˶Ҷ첻£ҶҪܣ˸סҶ졣
Ҷռ·ǹɾâûƽ˸޷⣬ʹҶӲɱһ·뿪˴˵ء
Ҷ죡
ҲŹġ
ˡ

ƽ˵ŭ
ȻǷǳŭ
ҶŲأһ˷˵أʧ֮Уֻ·ŭš
úǵûмҶ죬ֻŭĻƽˡ
أ̲סʵ
ᱻ˰ɣһԵЩֻ˵ϾҶԹȻϣǺùǳгġܡ
ںˣһԿҲͲ˳Цˡ
ߣ
һһû˵
Ŵͣţ֣Ȼˣ
Ҳ𾪲ѣɴûбǷû뵽ξȻһš
ǸһȷҲĶ֣һˣлƽϿ˵
ԼսܣÿɳܣΪҶȷӵʵòԩ
ƽϵĻ롢ꡢ˶Ƿǳ𾪣ƽǺεȽˣҶʵ֪
һ̣סҶ족š
ǵʧˣȻˣˣϾűǻвڵҡ˵գأʧˡ
һż״ɵһһ󱲣ߣ
˵ҲүүҲҪһˣҪүүֵʱ򣬾ϵҡ˵һһ彻ãԶεȻǾ
ͻƽҲ뿪ˣεϾǵ飬ܹæѾǸˣȻܼ
Уֻʣһźͽһţ˶һۣ˱˴еĲʺ
ʧܣǾûΣգǰӡҲ˵һ޴ʧ
ͣʱ䲻꣬ڲŹȥ꣬ǻʱ㡣ãһſ˵
һҡҡͷ˵ѣ˵ʵҪôıҵҶͺѣҵҲûá
ǵʵٽһأһ˵գбҵĽ⡣
һһ㶣漴ʢǵʵٽһôɱ׶ˣҪٽһѣʲôıſǵΪ;硣
ѵߵʱ߹ǣű棬һħսħƬ䣬ЩƬݻӶγ˿Ϊ;ԭʼݣ
һţĿԵ˵
ԭʼݣǳϡ٣ѵһ𣿡һϲ˵
УѾŵõһ硣⣬ɢڱԭʼݣƬħս϶иԭʼݡǵΪ磬һԭʼݲô꣬أһ˵
ôԭʼݣôлλ񾳽硣һŲɵܡ
Ԫʱ䲻ˣǵʱ٣ȻǶԼģܹΪȻ
˵ǵĿģΪ˾Ϊǿʵ
߰ɣħս˵Σգ˵ʵŵжǶ⣬һʱ䷨һտռ䷨֣ԿԴһħսһ˵Ҳڴ


1344 С
ǣĳء
Ҷֻ̫ǰԭȵԼϣ֮ǰֿʱ˵õġ
Ҷ죬㣡޳Ҷ쵽˻֣ȡ㡣
ʱѾ޳Ūֻʣ°ָ
Ҷ˹ϸһ˵˵ⶫ㣬֪ʲôãǷʲô𣿡
Ҷ˵տ޳ǣЩ˱˵أ϶۲ܾˡ
ϣ޳ҡҡͷ˵֪ʲôģ̺ǿ󷨣Ǹ޷ƽ⣬㲻Ƕ󷨺ϤԿ
Ӧײǿ߲õ󷨣һԵֻ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴̽У۾ʱһ޴󷨣ȻŨ֮УԳһ磬ϵתš
̫ˣ
ãҶ۾пһ
ô޳üͷһѯ֮ɫҲһ档
̫Īˣһ׸òˣλϵǿ߲СҶҡҡͷһЦ
󷨷ȷЩ׾Ͳ̫Զˡ
ϾҶ󷨷оҲѣЩף󷨷оﵽ˼ʮԪǼ٣ǧԪˡ
ôʱ䣬츳ٲҲԽ󷨲һľ硣
οܹΪ׵ģһ츳
ֻܵȳȥ󽻸洦ˣ
һݴ½ԣʱЩй
Ҷ㣬Ц˵ô˵㣬ιͶܴ󡣡
ʲô㣿а֮ͻȻʵ
Ҷ쿴һۣǼŶǳǶ϶߳ŭǿ϶ᱨģҪ͵һЩܿǣ˳һԼĺǡ
ߣͱǲɡ޳һʵȻҶ죬Ա㹻ˣ޾塣
ֻׯҲԱʵˣҪضԴˣʱչأη粨˵
Ͼ򲻿ǣԱ߻ѪħڻǲĴС
һ֮漴ȥһӵشǡ
ٱǰҶ콫ɢ϶λװ˶ҶʥʹҶʥʵ
ȻҶʥҲӶĸ߲㽱һܹȵװ
뿪֮Ҷ첢û϶ڸһطչء
һΣļλƾеһսҪúñչһΣе

һɽУȻХ
һͷ޴Ļޣһţɢ͵ϢԽԽǿ󣬽Χһжȥ
ɵźϢ·ͻһٽ㣬͵ؽһߵĲΡ
˹̤ˣ˹˷ܵĳХ
磬Ҳ׾硣
׾ĻޱѾߴǵǻۣǵʵǳǿһһͨ׸ǵĶ֡
֮ͷǳ޴ͬһƶ̫ħɽ¶ɢ˼ɵǿϢÿ߶һܹƬضɽҡ
ĺϿգӳһƬѪɫɱ¾磬ֿµ󣬴˱Ǹأ𶯡

һԱøǿ󣡡
˹һһ˫ɫ۾ԶأЦϻ壬ɵǣҵʵǿЩͬ壬ҪȫɣҪΪǿ

˹ʱ򣬱л޶ӦˣʱǶŲѣһͬһ㣬ʼɱ¾ߴǡ
ߴܵǵϮʱ˲أ١
ʱڣƽϡꡢλţȫɱţŶУһŶʹ޲ѡ
ݴ½һȺţΪõҶľʾԶѡչأܿλŭš
λŶ׷ɱûã㱻һȺ˸ˡ
ǾѪħǡ
һΣһսΪȺͻȻԵʣʹûɱ˲ѪħţǷǳʹޣԳʱ䱨š
Ϊһǰħսʵǲò򣬶ֵѪħŵĽ
дţ˴Ϣʱ䣬׷ҵطԴʱ
ݴ½һȺŵõϢ㿪ʼأѰԼ
ҶҲڲúˣȻʵû٣ջǺܴġ
ͨҶݴ½һȺ˽⵽ԼչصʱһЩ顣
ȻϣǼϾͽ˱ѪħǵĻŻʧء
ң˵ǸӶڲȵһŷƷ춼䣬ǶǼһݷĶһ١
ûйĹעЩ飬ҶܿͶǰǵġ
ҲҪѰԼ
ֿԼΪıҶҪģϧһֱû
ȻкܶĵرЩֵٸߣ˵Ҳûô
ɽ룬ڣХơ
Ҷڸ߿з裬Խһ׳ɽ壬һĺ̽Ÿ
ȻһСע⣬ͣ
ףҶЩȣѸٽ
СݺƽȴһŽɫ棬ԲҶ졣
ɫȻѾʧȥԣеļӲӦһλ׼ǿġ
һλ׼ǿߵʬ泤һСݣֱš

ҶҪǰϸСݵʱһ󷽴
Ҷ̲סͷȥһɫӰԶܿͳǰ
һ꣬һͷɫĶ̷ĮտտضҶ졣ɫȻ֮䣬ִһ˿һ
˭
Ҷɫһ裬Ϊǰϸܵ˾޴вԷʵԲһŲǿһ֡
ң¶ϢҲϢ
Ȼһţֻǲ֪˭
㻹ûʸ֪ҵ֣췢һưĿг˲һһ㶼Ҷ
Ҷ컹ǴӶԷпһ˿ɵĻԷֱӳˣֻ뿪
𣿡Ҷ漴һ˵Ҳûʸ뿪˵أ
˵գҶ컺ǿųڽɫСݣֱһŲͬСݡ
췢״ƤһȻѸٳ֣һϯҶڵĵȫûˣȵϢռ䡣
ˣ
Ҷһ֪ǰ˭ˡ


1345 
ڣȻ߲ųƵһǿߣ߲Ͼһжȥ˽ӣԵѡӵܲ࣬Ӷʹµ߲岢ǿֻǿ򳬼֮С
Щ֮Уĸǿأ
Ƿһ塣
߲ûг֮ʣһ壬ĵڶ塣
֮һȺӵ뿪򣬿
ԴԺ󣬷һ򣬺ųƵһ塣
ͬʱʵҲǳǿ󣬽߲ĵڶ֣֮Уǰʮĸ֡
ȻǰʮųЩ𼶱ϹŶϾ֮У˭Ҳ֪мλǳȻ⣬Ѿٲߴˡ
ǵһ֮УҲзһţΪưУԸһһֱһж
Ҷû뵽Լڴ˵һţо֮ʣЩпԼŻЩԵ֡ôּһ
һô곤ڽɫСݣҶԽеСݵĲ
£ҶһߵֵŷһŵĹһ磬ɫǰһץסǿŽɫãԼ֮С
ס֣һż״ʱŭڣҪ֪Ѱ˺ܾòҵıû뵽ȴǰ֮һõ
Ϊĳţǳڷһ壬Ȼưոݣ¶壬Ϊһͷԡķˣ죬Ҷ졣
ͣ
ȵ¶ȣΧĴضڻˣƬط׳ΪһƬ𺣡
һƿػϵдԣǵǴӻϵԴ֮еġ
ԣÿһһˣϵġ
Ҳ˵ϵֻ򣬱Ȳһʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨˷һţ϶ҲһŻ߽һš
ΪǾʹشˡ
ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨Ȼһ򣬵ǿ𼶱ǿ߲ܹ߷򣬾׼ǿǣĵ·ϡ
ͺһԭӵһôǿͨ˵õҲֻһߣӲʲô
ϵҶܹķ򣬶һַΣȻġ
ΪȫԷӳϵȫٶȣսǶԶͬǿߡ
ǰһţΪﵽλ۷徳磬ӽԲˡ
ˣԷʵǿ󣬱ҶǰЩŶǿࡣ
ռʮ
Ҷһĵ¶һҵĵâ񷣬գնأݺݵǰķˡ
ɾķâʱһ룬ϯء
ûҶķٴغϣƲҶ졣
ʲôҶͫһ𾪡
ǿһһźͽһŶһѪ
ڣ貵һȴһ׻⣬Ҷʵš
еʵѹֻҲκβ㡣һһĿ֮дһ˿ȣȻڸղһǳ⡣
еֻһźͽһţǶʶ
꣡
˵֮䣬һѾǰȵĻ棬ҶܱߵĿռ䶼ڻˡ
ҶɫޱأãԼװĻԼѾڻˡ
ŭ𣡡Ҷ漴һɿֲʱǰȥ
Ϊ𵤵ԵʣҶ֮ͬ䣬ӦûھǿԼʩչ϶ܹ䲻⡣
ϧһƺзҶ췢ȻȴҲֻü˿ûͣ
䣡
Ҷ˶ֻ޴ķ˹ᴩ壬ȵˣ嶼˺ѿ
װػҶ廹ܵ˾޴ƻ˶ɳȥѪ硣
ԭʼݣһȵ
ҶĨǵѪҺЦԭԭʼݣ֪ʲôô
Ȼ֪ôһһ̣һĨ֮ɫ漴˵һ𣿡
νѾˡҶЦ
ߣһһٴҶ죬ȵ¶ȷһȵĻˡ
ԿõΧĻ֮Уͷ˷˳ȫҶ졣
һĻǳ
ҳϲĶ֣ҪɱңҲǲܵģҶЦһһߵֵŹһ߳Զȥ
λڣֻѾﵽλ۷徳磬ΣȻǶ֡
Ҷ컹аԱġ
ӣһŴŭ׷Ҷ죬ϧǽһţҲһţٶȲ̫ԶˣҶ졣
ΪҶ˿ռ䷨Ȼܹʹóȴεʹٶ棬ʹԼٶȴ
ɶ񣡡һŭ׷Ҷ첻š
ҲҺǷݣʵǿ󣬷ĻᱻҶֱ˦
ڣȻ׷Ҷ죬ȴܹҶ졣
𣡡
ҶڼٷУȻ洫һ޴ĺǿֲ𵤶һ
ҶֱѪɳȥȴûй˼ƣ𾪵ؿ·
һͷ;޴ĻޣضҶ죬ѪɫĿУޱߵɱ¾
ǿ
ֻһۣҶ𶯡
û˿ԥҶŵɳȥأӡ
ں׷ķһͻȻҶɻɵ죬ûж룬ЦѰ·𣡡
ÿ
Ҷн˼ɵŭһ
ߣһŵȻĻ棬סҶ·
䣡Ҷ״ֻʩչռݺݵ˳ȥҪ˺һӣѳȥ
ռϾһ˺ѳһѷ죬ϧһ׼ӭ赲סˡ
οӣߣһЦһ֮ɫ
漴һ𣬴Ӻ󷽴춯أĻ涼ˣضǶڲ
ʲô
һŴʧɫϵЦݶʱסˡ
ͷ޳׿ˣӴȻһԾϸ߿գٶȺܿ졣ıһƬѪɫ磬ԩ˻𣬿˴Ŀġ
ף
ķţ˿̵ɴ۾š
Ҳ֪ڱޣЩûû뵽ȴһͷ׼Ļޡ
ס֣ȻһҶ
һŶʱعݺݵҶһۣһתҶһӡ
ͷӴĻ׷


1346 Ѫ
𣡡
ֻҪ˹ȻܹٽһϾҲûжˡ

޴Ļ̤Ʋ㣬׷Ҷ󣬺캳ء
˹ͷǳӴ󣬵ٶȴǳ죬Ҷͷһǿװͱ׷ˡ
ң׼ĿֲѹܵĿռǳ̣ǿѹ˷ѹ˸е
˹ȻǻۣȻ֪ԼˡҶ洫ĺɵһ
һǻ۵Ļ޷ǳ£ҶԷﵽ׾磬ҪǱˣɡ
ҿͷֻǸո̤׾磬ϤԼҶװĻˡ
ˣҪǱͷ޸ˣôᱻɱ
ȻŸո̤׾磬׾Ͼ׾磬֮Ĳ̫ˣǿ츳ҲԺ
οҶڻֻλҪǵǴﵽλ񾳽磬ܹƾװһս
ҪңҶ˹ʵʱһԴһŵĺ
ٶȲҶ죬Ҷ˦Ҷ졣
ߣֲҵģȥȥҶߵ
ɵӣ˷ͷӣֻж֮һĻᣬһţ֣ӻĻᡣ
ңҶԼٶȿһţʱ˵ܹ÷һסͷޣȻԼûߡ
ԣҶŻŷһӡ
㡭
һҲǰ׳գȻµҶ뷨û취ʱҺҶ춯֣ûɱҶ죬Ѿͷ޸ˡ
׼ǿߣڿԿġ
ȻװܹǿǵսӵгλԲʵװҲгܼ޵ģһܵʱǿĹġ
ңҶͷһޣҲܳʱƶԼװ
ҵţһ㣡һźݺݵصҶһۣӿٶǰ
ҶһЦôڷһԱߣҲ¶ԷͻȻ֣Ͼ˿ɲͣսѰ·
ʱúܿ죬˹֮ľҲڲϵؼСϾʱţ˹ԽԽϤԼٶҲʼϵؼӿˡ
ҶͷһŶܵһǰδеĽţܹܵ󷽲ϿǿѹײεİϢϢĸо
ô죿һг˽ǰ;ɲﰡһһ޵УԷˣһͷ޵ϣʵ̫ˣԸսҲԸⱻɡ
ֻܶѪˣҶȴûжٽΪеûչ֣Ȼʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨׶ãλѪӿãƾԼڵȻֻ΢һѪӵҲԴ˹ˡ
Ͼ˹ֻǸո̤׾磬ֻһλ׳ڵĻޣĴڡ
ֻȥˣ
ͻȻһŸı䷽򣬼ӿٶȷǰ
ףҶһ˿ȣûж룬æȥ
һ·ϣҶ˳ŷһʵιҪȥˣԭʼʲôôڶʱˣҲûá
ߣһһҶ죬ֻǼӿٶȷС
Ҷ˵ٲ˵ҾͶˣǻҪ汳
˵գҶһָԷȻǿȴҲ˶Էһ
㡭һŭصҶ죬ΪҶĶ֡
㵽˵˵һγ֣ͲǸղˡҶЦ
һŭҲ㲻
䣡Ҷһȭǿᴩգʵж˷һš
䣡һžŭӣȻסҶһȭȴҲٶȣʹǺ˹ľˡ
㲻𣿡һŭصҶ졣
˵˵Ҷߵ
һѪ÷һţ츳ھͬǷһĵϵӵܣλǷǰ;򣬾׼ǿҲв
ڣҶǳв񣬷һȻ޵ҧгݣȴˡ
Ҷ죬±Ҷסʱͻᱻ˹ˡ
ҪȥħսﻷӣǽѺǸһһŭǷŭ񣬷·ɱҶ顣
֪еŭѾ˾졣
Ҫ˹вϵͷɱҶ졣
ħսҶһ˿ɻ󣬲漴˵㻹ûиСݵô
ôߣһŭȵ
ʲôôˣ϶֮ǰٵСݣעǵòҶЦ
һű˵ˣҪҶ죬ҶѪս׼֣ɵæ˵ԭʼݣɴԭʼ۶ɣЩȥ׼ǿߣǵ֮еķ¶汾Դһ۳ԭʼݡ
ôҶȵ
һôķ򡣡
ԭǿΪҶ۾һ־ϲû뵽ԼѰ˺ܾõıȻСݡ
Ҷͨϵ޳ѯõǼģ
޳͹һͼƬԭʼݵģȻЩͬȴ¶һϢ
ˣҶ˷ܵĹâ
ԭʼݣΪܸһˣʱʵҲ
Ҷе˷ܹâһŭҪ˹вĺ޲ɱҶ죬ԭʼݡ
ɱɱɱɱɱɱ
ȻǰɱޱߵɷӿͬоˣҶǵ
Ҷ𵤣˿̶ܹܵԼ̧ͷĿȥǰһƬѪɫĴ󺣣߼ʣǺеѪ˸̽ӣɲ⣬ͬڡ
ħսһſǰѪʱ¶˷ܵĹâ
ԭħսû뵽űϣȻһطҶԴɨǰѪɫЩأֱӸƬѪ򵥣Σ
һóһҴ󴬣ããѪʻȥһɻ
һԷɣΪʲôҪ˴Ҷɻ󣬵ѧŷһȡһսӭˣŷһŴʻȥ
˴ٶȿ϶ǱȲϷУܿ죬˹׷Ѫ
ȥɣ˹ǰԶҶͷһţбֲѪ⣬һ̤Ҫ̤ѪȥץסҶǡ
Ȼ˹Ľ̤룬ѪѪɫӰг˻ɱ˹


1347 
¡¡
Ѫ׷ˣѪɫӰ˳ɱ˹
˹·ͱ˷ѣѪɫӰΧסˣʵǳǿ̤׾磬һܵôѪɫӰΧȴҲڶʱ
ҶΪʲôһŻѡ˴ҷˡ
ԭƬѪ֮ΣЩѪɫӰǲκεͷϿշУͻᷢ
෴ֻҪ˴û¡
ʱҪ¶Ѫˣź󷽱ס˹Ҷ΢΢һЦջĿ⣬ǰʻȥ
һΣҶûмŷһˣϾû˹вԷ϶ֵġ
ҶȻԷҲûҪͶԷֻһطȻԭʼݣʵ
ߣһſŶȥҶ죬һ˿ֻҶ֪ħսĿֲӲɡ
֪ħսһЩ飬ǰܿһЩΣա

𣡡
˹ŭ𣬼Ѫ˵ķѪ𶯲
ҶսѪ֮Уһȥ죬ûκεΣգ˿ʼʼôˡ
ͬʱҶֳһ߷봬գʼԭʼݡ
ȻԭʼݵȷǴԭʼ򾫻۶ɣոձҶһָӸ߼ĺڰҶͷһ𣬿ʼȫĵͶ뵽Уĺڰڲϵ
ԭʼ̺ĺڰǳ߼ҶʱȫգҪʱ
ڴڼ䣬սУδ֪ķ
ƬѪ֮УѪˮѪˮûһҲֻ˳ˡ

ͻȻԶǰһͷޣͨѪɫɢǿϢܵѪˮɳȥ
𣬷һĺһƬƬκˡ
ȻסҶս˶۾ʱһɲ̵ЦݣӴͺȻײ˹
Ҷķһ߾񵶺ݺһ貵ĵâܱߵ۳һ޴ĳ磬ᴩ񷣬ǿգնͷѪɫޡ
Ѫɫ޶ʱŭҵĵâ˺ѿѪ⣬ĺһֲ˿ڣȻѪӴ̼ĿԣȻ٣ݺݵײս
䣡
һ죬˻񷡣
ҶķѾ߾ȫסսѪɫ޷ĳȴսЩȥ

ҶķŭҪǴŵԭʼݣǾˡ
ɵãʼƴˣе۳һɫĳ磬ǰѪսõ⣬һ˺գѪ֮УͷѪɫش
ء
Ѫɫ޳ʹߣʧڷѪ֮С
Ҷķûȥ׷ϾҪ𻤷
û뵽Ѫ֮лǿޣӹŹ֣ƺʷǰޡҶķԶ޼ʵѪ
һսҶķʼˣǰѪȻƽȴž޴Σ
ʮ죬ҶķϮѪɫޣһͷѪɫϮƴŽˡ
µĺУҶѾѪȫˡ
ңƬѪ֮ûһѾʧƬ֮УҲˡ
¸£
ͻȻԶѪϿճһƬɫƣǳӴһƶĺɫݡ
ѻ
Ҷķ֮ɫ
ƬɫԭһȺɫѻһͷǳ޴˫ɫĳգһȺѻۼһ𣬽ĺˡ
Ҷɫһ䣬ԲͨѻΪѪطľ̫ˣλµ޷룬Щѻλϵǿߡ
ֻǵһֻѻҶȫ壬ǿƬƵĹģгǧֻѻֻдﵽ׾ܲ
ңЩѻķٶȺܿ죬ǳѲһǶϣǾ˾
𣡡ҶķòűˣϾѾԽˡ
ѪϣҶȻԭʼݣȴҲԷֳһȺѻɵ÷ųѪӣͨѪϡ
ɣѪϵͺһѪɫ˿ʱΪһƬѪӣһƬˮǰƬɫûȥ
ƬѪ֮УѪӵȻֻѪҲӳֲܡȺѻһݻһС룬еĺɫݱ俪һ޴ĿӣһȺѻŭ˻ţҶս
ѪϣٷһҶķغȵ
ΪôװոһѾķҴʱԷӳղŵһʯСѪϷ˷ۡ
λȻǿ󣬵ÿһǿĹĺܶʯҪܳĻʱ䣬Ǳ׶ˡ
ϾǸλǿҶһλʩչ϶ǳǿ̫ˡ
ֻܷˣ㱾أѪ漴Ѫӣս׼ȥ
ȻȺѻ̫ˣǽѪΧסͬɶ˻һزϵسҪ˺Ѫӡ
ϧλǳֲǿԶʱ˺ѵġ
ˣѪЦˣάѪӷȷѪӹҪķѵ٣Եúɡ
Ҷı״ʼԭʼݡ
һݾܳɹˣҶ찵뵽漴Ǿ߷ʼȫĵԭʼݡ
ѪӵķҶȻҪǾ߷ˣҲܹʡС

ʱúܿ죬ȺѻƶΧסѪӣƺѪӹƾͲġ
һ죬Ҷ˫ĿһǿϢӿա
ͻˡ
λڣʵٴδλˡ
ڼ㲻װҲλԲʵˣټװҾ޽ӽλ׵ʵҿѪӷλ׵Ĺ
Ҷ˸ҵĹâ
һ̣оԼǿ
ѪϣҶ漴ͺһѪӶʱһ񵶣ɢųҵѪ⣬ĻӶһƬƬѻ

ѻѪɣҵѪɫâ˺Ѳ񷣬ƥĵ漸޼᲻ݣݿһ˾η
λ׵ʵ̫ˬˣҶ쿴Լһ֮г˷ܺͼǿ֮ǰƴҲܷӳһΣȴҲɵʩչ
ȻľһҲķܴҲʩչ˶ٴΡ
ʵϣҶµĺܶԣʩչʮ嵶֮ڸоƣҪľˡ
ʱȺѻѾ߰˳ɣʣµѾûжв׵ذˡ
ҶѪӣһ߻ָһʻδ֪ĺ

ħս
ߣȺ׳գ֪ս
ħսڣһ̤նУĿ⼤ؿǰѪ
Ҷڴˣͻϳ꣬Ѫħλӡ


1348 ħ
ħսѪħĵ̤ն𣬾ȻƾѪ
ǣѪ֮еЩ飬Ȼû
һ·ٷУ;֮ûһΣա
ܿ죬͵ִѪ
ƺ֪򣬾ֱУѪҵһƯںϵĺɫ̳һƬɫŨǡ
ҵˣǹħ̳ѪħĵӽɫŨ֮Уʱؿĺɫ̳
ϴ˵Ѫħһǹħĺᣬǵʼǹħһλħ
ƬħսǵһλħȱĵطֻҪ̳ٻλħȱʬֻǲ֪λħȱΪξ硣
ѪħĵӶż̳뵽
ʼ֮вûߴû壬ʱ棬ֻǿȺǱǹħ͹塣
Ԫ͹ħռһսܾˣıԵ
֮б㿪ʼ飬ȻȡȺγߴ
񣬹ħ͹ѾΪܾԶĴ˵׶֪ʷ
ΨһеĺۼһħսЩħսĵط
ǹǹħǶûǵΪԪ棬ǵԪǳǿ޼᲻ݡ
ǵĲ֮ǵʬԪҪɱǣֻܴݻǵԪ
ѪħĵҲǴԼҳ֪űһħսƬս֮зӡһλħʬ
ħʬֵ޷Ѫħĵ˵ֻҪõеһ˿ѪԼʵ츳һ¥
ϣλħȱʬãѪħĵ漴ɫ̳һͨɫĹʱӼ̳汬ֱ񷣬˺ᴩǡ
ã
Ѫħĵɫʱһ䡣
󣬿ǵ˶ˣʱжͲô˳ˡ
Ҫ֪׼͵ͬѪħЩŶûиߣΪıǶԵ
ڿ²ˡ
ϣħսûжˣҵĻỹܴ󡣡ѪħĵӰ
ʱˮһƬɫģӰ𽥴Ӻ滺

Ѫޱ޼ʣӿ
ҶսĿĵεţʻԶ
ͻȻ䣬ԶһƬκϯҶĿɿڴ
ΪƬ˷ǳ㣬֪ԽԽߣ·Ѫ˹𺳡
ô£
ҶʱҲ˲ֱ࣬սϸ߿գϯѪˡ
Ѫ˲ûͣҶȥԶŰ
Ҷ켫ĿͻȻһ޴У֮һž޴ԴͨҪ󣬿Ҳֻž޴ıǲװԴ
ʲô
Ҷ𾪣޴Դ׵ԴҪֱܡ
ûм޴顣
ǿž޴Դ֣ļ˫ۡҲ¶棬Ӵ壬ʵ˾η
һ޷ݵġˡѪڿնƯѪϿա
Ľ£һ޴ĺɫ̳
˫ۣû˿Ϣ¶ֻĺɫħëֲܣѪĴ
ƺһλλףλ׵Ϣôǿ󣿡Ҷɻ
ɢϢӦλףϾǹϢǳֲҶҲλף֪λ׵ϢҪֲࡣ
ֻλ׵Ҳûô޴һλ׻ô
Ҫ֪ߴ֮УҪ˵Ӵ϶ˣ壬Ӵ
ǰ˵壬ȻЩ廹ҪӴֱܡ
Ӵ飬Ҷ컹ǵһοĹż֮Уûп
ǿҵĺģҶӿٶȣǡˡȥ
·ϣҶҲٵӰšˡȥȻһˣܶ˶ˣҲֹһкġ
žԽԽǴӾ¶ħǳ׳ֲۣ
Ҷվǰͺһֻһ㣬ĸо塣
Ҷ죡
Ȼһʴһͷڻ֮еķݣӴ˫չգϯȵĻˣյպͮͮġ
Ƿһš
Ҷ죬жʱŭ죬ЯޱߵɱĻ˫չϯأƬռХš
·㲻ߣ㴳֮أһɱ⣬Ҷвǿһĳ衣
ͣ
յÿռ䶼Ťȵ¶ĺˮ
һ˫𶯣ֲĻŰ߼лҶ졣
ͬʱգǲ񷣬ƥ
ʿյĿΪڻ㣿Ҷ״һЦȻһȥ
ৣ
ѪսҵĹâһƥĵâ˺Ѳռ䣬ӭݻ١
䡭ռֱ񷣬ϯ˷
ʱྪ
˵ţ˵սϢ׷׷˹
Ҷ죡
ֻķˣ
һźͽһŲݻգһƬѪΡ
ԶѪħĵӰգɫ䡣
ԼԼܹõħͶľš
ȻҲȱħţߴ򣬻ÿˡ
ҶͷһŰڸ߿ϣƱԣɱޱߡ
ԭʼݣһҶ죬еŭӳʢˡ
ղһѾҶΪһ㣬򲻿ܱôǿˡ
ԣ²ҶѾԭʼݡ
Ҫ֪ǿеԭʼݣȻҶˣҶʳԭʼݵãһŭ
⻹Ҫл֪ԭʼݵãҶ֪Էķŭԭ򣬱ӵĴ̼Է
Ȼһԣ׺ˣֱɱ˹սٴο
ԱߵǶΧۣûв֣ͬһźͽһҲûгְæ
Ҷͷһսǳң˴ϴ򵽺ϣգնѪȻǲʤ
˵ǿʵҲΧһɫء
һųҶֱǿˣ
ϧûҵԭʼݣߣһŷǳģǰսˣһǿø߰ǳʡ
һŻ˵ϾǸһ磬ҶֻǺͬһ磬ȻҪǿҶ츳ҪǸ
ͬʱԱЩǣҲһɫأǴҶͷһϸܵ˾޴ѹ


1349 ˹
ѪϿգżսĿ
һڻϵĳɾͺܸߣλ۷徳磬Ҷ컹һ磬ʵǿ
ҶѾһԭʼݣΪλھ磬ʵõ˾޴
ԣۺ֣ڵʵ಻󣬼ãûзֳʤ
ǲòֿⳡƾеս
ΪѾҵһڣƺͨһδ֪磬һźĴ
ҶͷһȻ飬ҲͲòͣˣֻ˵Ŀл̺ɱȻʹưոݡ
ھ˵Ҹ£һѷ죬Żħ·ͨһƬ˼ɵ
Ȼ˵صŶǵ֮һ޾ɫ˺ڴ
ڣ˴ͷУʧһƬħ֮С
ҶҲУȴӰǰסȥ·
ǷһţһţԼһš
λţȻڴ˿ˣ֪һʲô˵ˡ
Ҷ죬㣡һųȵ
һȻưޱȣͺȵ˵ʲôϻֱˡ˵գһֻɫĴֱնҪѹҶ졣
ϧ֮ǰҶĶ֣ھ͸ӲҶĶֻ֣ɫĴֱҶһȭ飬öԷɫЩѿ
Ҷ죬˵ػԵ޹أϽһٴγ֣ʵǿҶ첻Ҵ⡣
ͬʱһŴЭһɱҶ졣
ЩûнſһĻɵ뾪
ʲôʱžȻҪԸһţ
ʣһΣҶ쳹ˣǵߴţ˭Ҳˡ
ƾҲסңҶ쿴ŶͷݣЦ
ȻǷһţһţ߽һţ˶ǷһеĳޣҶ˿塣
Ҷ죬ԭʼݵİ£Ϊһ㣬ʵվڱһŵĶˡ
˫ֽѪսȫƶװһʧɫ
ǿֲռƥĵâǳͲãһƲ񷣬սǷ顣
䣡
Ҷǳһ̤һţһֻ̤һţȻ߾Ѫսݺݵһš
һ˶ţ˵ǿƣһĿɿڴš
ȴǳŭ
һȻƢܺã˿Ҳɵ÷ŭˣҶȻýŲǺεȵ裿
ɵãȫ֣ʩչѧ
ʱɱ
һŵһͺȣ淴ʱ֮γһҪҶȽżϡ
Ҷ콫װƶ۷壬ǳҵĽ⻤ס˫ȣһŵľЧ
񵶣
һߣһŷŭ˼㣬ֻɫĳΪ񵶣â貣ȣ˺գնҶ졣
ĵҲǰۣҶЦһȻһֻʩչռǳҵĵâĽ³ȥһŵ˫ᶼиˡ
ۣ
һŶʱ˵ɻȥɫëܶ࣬ɫѪҺĵǡ
ȥɣҶҪʤ׷һͦ˽һš
ͬʱһŵĹҶ첻òȫӦԡ
죡һչ޴ı壬һͷҵĻ˳գڲ֮裬ޱߵĻϯûѪ
ȵ¶ȣѪƺˡ
ǲ֮ϣһֻֻ˵Ӱɱ£Ҷ죬ɱԶ˵顣
ռʮ
ҶԷһŵǿһҲæϵӡԼǿһ
䣡
һ̣ر˺ѿƥĵâǳң涼г롣
һֻֻķȫҵĵâ飬ڣǿֲһֱ죬Ǹ߸ϵĻ˸
ԡ
һŴƾǷһ츳һûˡ
ҲĲѣΪҶһѾܵ˾޴в
ԡһ츳ͨҶһЩʣһȻû˵һš
ԡǷһ츳ͨ޶츳ͨ츳ͨǿǵ츳йء
Ȼһ츳ܸߣԡ۷徳硣
˵ķ޵Уôӵԡķһž൱˲֮Ҫɱ̫ʵǿ̫ࡣ
ãҪرˣ
ڴʱԶ˴
Ҷ˶ʱһɵóڿȥȻͨرգѷҪˡ
ȽȥסһͻȻһȻеʱ䷨ʩҶϡ
ʱֹ
һźȵ
һ˲䣬ҶоԼ˽ֹ֮УԼ˼붼޷
ռֹһҲæȵеĿռ䷨򣬽ҶڵƬ̡
ʱһɽ֮УʧһƬڰ档
ҲȥˣֻʣҶһˣֹˡ
ʵϣ̶ȵĽֹҶʱƽ⣬Ͼһ˾ӵʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨
򲻵ѣҶ첻뽫ԼĵƱ¶ǰ
ԣֻؿͨʧ
Գ磬϶ֹһڣú󣬽ֹʧҶѿɽˣϸ
ʱֻʣһˣҲֵɡ
ΧžתһȦҶھ˵ü֮һӡǣ;˽ºɫ̳ӡһֻӡǽɫġ
񣡡
Ҷ쿴ӡǣԶظһ֡
Ȼӡһδֱ֣ǡ񡱡
һҿħŶԣҶ첻ɵôһˣǲðȥħ˸ơħ
ֹţҶ֡񡱺ܺ棬Ҫġǵȵִֵʱ򣬶ʱһǿ˶˽ȥ
ţ
Ҷɫһ䣬һ̣ѾһƬӲӵĿռ֮С
׼ȷ˵һڰĿռ䣬ֻǰվһɫľˣɢųҵĽ⣬ڰռ䡣
ƬɫĹâԡ֮£ҶеǳůͣȻȻӿֳһĸо
ˣʲôҾȻһμ壬ǳأȻСȴǱܴ˾档
ɫľ˿Ҷ죬ͻȻ˵Ҷһ졣
⡭ʲôطҶ찴סе𾪣ʵ
ռ䣡ɫЦҽ˹Թһ壬ҵĹռ䡣


1350 ߽
ռ䣡
Ҷ쾪ɵؿǰĽɫˣҲǹ˹
ʱ飬絶˹Ҷɻı飬ҡͷһ̾ԵЩɥͱ˵ѾǹһҲ⣬ϾߣĺӣʼղϣվҪ̭
˵ţ˹еķŭһ
ʱ̫ԶٴķŭҲѾţֻʣһƬ
Ҷ쾲ؿǰɫˣʱ˿̣ӶԷϸܵ޾ıֲãĸо𺳡
һ壿Ҳû˵Ҷ漴˵
ǧǧʱͿ壬ļԽȫ¡
ǣЩ֮УȴûйһĴڡ
ʱ̫Զˣû˵Ҳ˹Ҷ죬ƺǳҶϸشţǹһ彵ʱǳᣬʱֻǹһЩĻޣ֮⣬塣
ʲô
Ҷ𾪡
ڲ²һ嵽Ǻηʥû뵽ȴõĴ𰸡
жôϰ
ѹ֪棬֪˶ࡣ
ˣ˵ˣһЩ£ɢ³˹ҡҡͷͻȻʵ֪ʲôֽ֣ʲô
壬Ҷ졣Ҷæ˵
壿
˹нһţ漴΢΢˵ҹȻµûα塣
ǰ壬α壡Ҷ
α壬Ȼûм壬ȴῴۡ˹ҡͷ˵
ҶʱˣǿǰȻǿһҪ˵壬α壬Ҳûʲôα塣
Ǻǣ壿֪𣿡˹ǰЩҶ죬ɵЦ˵Ψһ磡壬Ψһ磬綼мڽ٣еĻĽ磿ңǿޱȣһˣһָͷңʵ𣿡
ôǿҶһ㶣漴ҡҡͷ˵ǰҲ˼ʲô磬ʲôΨһ磿ش䣬ֻʣߴ򣬶Ҿ򡣡
ˡ˹Цҡҡͷ漴˵Ҳ֪ʲôҲûҪ֪ҪǣֻǻĽеһС档֮⣬棬һ޴ޱȵ磬ǳΪĽ硣
⡭ҶЩˡ
ΪĽֻеһƺǺܾ֮ǰеһƬ
û뵽˹˵ĻĽ磬Ȼ棬棬ֻǻĽеһС档
ۣʵ̫ˡ
ǰվŵһλǿޱȵҶ컹ΪԷˣҪǴ˳ȥ涼Ҫڡ
ͺñȵĹص֪һ
ͺһֻܴӾʶһ
ֻδҲ̫˰ɡ
ǰ㡭ȷûںЦҶһЩŵ˵
ʵ̫߸˼άˣ
ǺǣЩԽܣҲѹ֣ۣȷЩԽܣʵ˹Ц˵
˵ԶĸӹӵĴһΪ߽磬Ҹղ˵磬ԼΨһ硣
߽֮УΨһǿϣʶֱΪ磬κζʥء
Ψһ֮£磬ֱ硢硢ħ磬ǹһȱǣڹ磬ļ簡
˵ʱ˹Щ
һԵҶ죬Ѿˡ
һ̣оԼС
˹˵ġ߽硱Ҷڵ棬ޱСġ
֮ǰҲǸɫľ˰ɣǱɱȻӡĹħǿߣһĹħ磬ǹħС˹ع˵
Ҷ˵ͷЩʵǰ磿
ĻǳӣڱĵлĽ磬磬Լҽ硣Ľǳӵе٣һŰЩıԴڳ׷һ硣˹˵
ҶЩĿɿڴû뵽ԼڵĵطȻô
ǳΣգӵĻΪµǣ緸˴ķ˾ͱѺ磬û˻ȥҽҪһ㣬ĸ֣Ѿ硢硢ħϷ֣ǳңһЩĥھӢӵܵĵط˹˵
ǰôΨһأղ˵嶼Ψһ磬Ϊʲôǲ壬α壿Ҷʵ
˹Գ֪ʲô𣿡
һʣҶɻ
˹ȴܣ˵֮УӦÿ壬ữΪΣԲԣ
Ҷ˵ͷ壬Щ壬壬ϲΪΣֻսʱŻ¶塣
֪Ϊʲô𣿡˹ʵ
֪Ҳϰ߰ɡҶЩΣȷ֪Ҳûں⣬·Ѿϰߡ
ҸΪʲôɣ˹ЦЦ漴˵Ϊյ㣬Ŀ꣬Բĸ壬ȻȻϲΪΣΪӵʼѾ϶Ŀꡣ
ҶĿɿڴ𾪡
֪ʲô˰ɣ˹Ц˵ΨһЩ壬Ǹǿ߽˼㣬Ϊ壬ǵʵ֮ǿֱӵʵ𣿡
ûûУ
ҶЩΣȻʵ
Ǻǣò˼˵ˣǹһ֮УҲûмӵʵеĻͽΨһˡ˹Ц
ǰǵȷǽ塣Ҷ컹ǿһ£Ȼ˹˵Щ塱ǳǿ󣬵ҲΪԼ塣
ǺǣֻһзѣǾǽһҲûʲô𡣾ͺǵ֣϶Ҳͬͬյİɡ˹Ц
˵֮˵α壬Ϊӵġ塯ҲΪ塯ҲͽѡǳǿܹؼзΨһЩӵһ͸ǾţûñܹĶǿ߿⣬ǵ츳ǿĿ¡
Щα壬ֻӵ壬ûֲֿ츳磬ҳһ壬ԶԶǿǡ
˹ĻҶĬ
ˣǵȷα壬塣
ЩЦȷʵ
һ̫ˣ˹Ļ͸¶Ϣ̫ˣҲ̫ˣҶһʱɵóĬ˺ܾá


1351 ֮
Ψһ磡磡磡
лĽ硭
˹Ҷһ޴Żǳ𺳣һʱԽܡ
ͬʱǿĿ꣬һǵһ
ˣЩ˵̫ңԶˣⱲܲܳĽ綼˵ӲҪΨһˡ˹ЦЦ̾
һ˿Ҳǹ¶£ԻŻô࣬ὫЩҶСޡ
ҶȷһСޡ
ȻҶ츳˹ǾҶ첻ܳóĽ磬Ͼ浮ڣѹûһȥ
̫ˡ
ǰǼȻһԱΪҪĻĽأҶͻȻʵ
Ȼǿٽ˹Ц˵ǹһڲҲкܶһֻеһСЩϷҽ磬ЩСҪչֻĽ磬
ֵطʲôֵں0ģҶɻҪ֪ʱʼŰƬʲôûа
Ǻǣ˹΢΢һЦ˵֪һ˵ʲôҪ𣿡
ţҶйâһ
ߴĸ߲㶼ڼţεı֮Уߴλʥˣ¶Ƕǵӡ
ʱ򣬶һѣһǿߵĳֱԾǵĵλ
ٵһλʥεǿߣôʵǿ޷ġ
ЩǿߵԴЩţֻţղпܳΪǿߡ

˹˵ͷ˵ţȻʼûκ壬˵ֻʱ⣬Ҫıһ棬ЩᵮһЩģЩ֮³һǿصţҲΪ֮Ŭˡοһ棬Ǿ൱һء֮У϶вų֣ա
ԸţҶ쾪ȵ
壿˹ȻһЦ˵ѵҸղŸ㽲κĽص㶼壬ͬԴֺ֣֮˵ˣǵйħ壬ֻҪ֮ԸͶǣգҰ츳൱ĵλȫӡҿԸ㣬磬һж츳ʵֻҪǿ츳֦ܶǲŲںĳء
⵹ǿҶ찵ͷ
΢΢˼Ƭ̣ҶЩʵ֪ǶκģʲôŲܱǿУҿ𣿡
˹΢΢һЦ漴һҶ죬˵ⲻ˵ЩһͺЩںԣǶ綼һ׼ǾǴﵽ𾳽šǲŻȥ硣㣬ȻһģҪ̤𾳽ǾͲ˵ˡ
ҶѾվ۷壬ǿ߲㡰š֮м˿Դﵽ
ϧһ沢û֮Ծڴﵽ𾳽磬ҲֻܱУûǰ硣һ죬ǣϧĽǳҵǻһƬλ÷ǳƫƧƺѱ˷ˡ˹̾
֮Ҷɻ
ǳԽ𾳽磬棬ΪˣǾ֮磬֮Ҳǿˣٿ뿪ȥл纣ˡ˹˵
Ҷ֪𾳽滹һ֮ңƿ»иߵĴڡ
ǵ׼δЩ뿪أ֮ҶЩɻʵӵ֮Ϊλᱻ壿
ǺǣҪڻĽ翪ȻҪһλ֮ӡ˹˵ţгһ˿ŭȺĹħ壬ǿҪĻɾˣû뵽һȺħͻȻҲ棬Ϳʼµս
Ҳһλ֮Ҷʵ
Ȼħû֮Ļͱˡ
ǵȻĽΣȻȲҽ磬ƾǵʵǲεģҪһλ֮ӲСգλ֮Է֮ͬھʹ˫֮УҲ޷ȥϢ޷ݳȥˡ˹Щ˵˵
û֮ͳȥҶ첻ɵüͷ
ʼȻᣬʱѾ˴󲿷ֻޣ浮ˡ֮ۡ൱ڳʼ˳ˣϷǳʵֻ֮ܺ˹Ц
ѵǾûǰ֣ԷһҶȺ͹ħ廹ǰ׳գȻԼԼ֮С
ҲǴ⣬֮ĳʼ棬ǲвǵĴڣ벻λ֮Ȼͬھˡ˹̾
飬Ҷ뵽û֮Ĺ͹ħ壬ֻҼܣҼս̣ϾУһޡ
Ҷɻǣѵ֮оûеһλµ֮
ǰѾ˵ˣߣܵų⡣ң֮⣬λ׵ʵ֮Уȴֻܷӳλ׵ʵѹ֮£Ǹû֮˹Ц
ǡ֮ۡѵǻܿ𣿡ҶͻȻʵ֮۷ǳʹޣҲкü㱻֮Ĩɱ
ǵڣɵѡ
ǵ֮ڣȻԿڣѾˣ棬ˣƿһС˹ҡҡͷ
л֮𣿡ҶͻȻʵ
˹˵ǿԵģǺѣΪ֮ǰģӶӿĳɳɳʱЩ嶼ûеǷչ㹻ʵ֮۸Ǵﵽ۷塣£Ҫۣ֮Ѷǧ򱶡
ǲǻĨɱвĴڣҶЩʵ
ǵȻǱܣϾ˭Ըⱻ˹Ц
ЦգҶɥӣɵЦСӣδҲ̫˰ɣܲܳΪ˵˵֮ˡ
ٺ٣ǰҲԵ֣ѵһΣѵûһʾ𣿡ҶͻȻƤЦ˵
ǰλʵȻ֮вǶ⣬ǳǿ˭ҲȲ˵ġ
ңλ磬ǵľѧ͹϶
˹ЦСӣǹĴǽܴеʱѾǿ˽ƣҾҪڸҲС
ҶЩй˹һת˵һžѧǹһصؿţԸ⴫ڸġ
ʲôҶʱϲ
ʮ˷ħ֣˹Цһ˿Цݡ


1352 
ʮ˷ħ֣
ҶйâһǰĽɫ˹ٺЦǰžѧΣ
ǳԽ֮ΰڴľѧ˵Σ˹Ц˵
ʲôҶ𾪡
֮˵Ѿ߲ʣǴ˵еĴڣʮ˷ħ־ȻǳԽ֮ΰľѧõ˵
ǰûŪȾѧǿ㴫ڸˣҶ𾪵Щš
˹Цžѧǹһ岻Ը⴫ڸˣѧϰѧĺãǹһ廹нĵطѯǹһǰ
⡭ҶһҲ̫˰ɣôܣô˵壿
Ǻǣı飬ʲôˣ˹ԻҶ죬漴ЦСӣҸɣžѧȻǿǰרŶԸħľѧҪžѧǾͱҪйħʬΪƷҹҹؼȻžѧ
ҶʱȻ򣺡ǰҲ˵ҪžѧȥôͱҪɱ¾ħǿߡһǹȫҪ֣ħʵǽ赶ɱˣı
ңһʮ˷ħ֣ǾעҪħΪУеΣտ֪
ųѧɲôɾѧϰġ
ǺǣûѵͣҪʲôȻҪʲôģ֮УѾûйħĴˣ㲻õĵħ塣˹Ц
ҸžѧҶʵ
˵ûйħĴڣУҲѡϾžѧ̫ˡ
ǰһ߹ħǿߵʬѧϰʮ˷ħ֣Ӧɵһַӡˡ˹Ц
ŵһְҶЩйžѧȻǿ󣬵ҪɣҲǲõġ
ɥˣȻû˹ħ壬֮УӦûвٹħǿʬǿ߷ӡȫʮ˷ħ֣Ļȥɱħǿɶˡ˹Ц
˵ɣЩǹǿ߷ӡĹħʬɢأ˭֪Ҷ̾
ֻܿĻԵˣҲôɹģҪԼġ˹Ц
ˣϻǸϽҾѧɡҶ˰֣þѧᣬҲܹһ£˵ͻ򣬱ϾһλԽ֮ΰĳѧ
˹˵ͷ漴ȫâɣҵ̵Ҷ۾һǿľϢ֮ڣΪϢʮ˷ħ֡
Ҷɫһ۾ǰ˹Ѿʧˡ
СӣҵıѾԪֻҲһӡǣҲʧˡ
ܹǰʮ˷ħִڸ飬Ҳҹһˣٵ㽫ǿˣסҹһĴڡ
ǺǣȻҲСлᳬ棬Ϊ֮һǱһ˿ϣһܹɹȥ磬֪壬ǵ
ڹ壬һ

˹ĻԽԽСʧ
Ҷ쾲ţɵЩ˸УȻ˹ʶԷϾԼҵ֮ȴ޷
ৣ
˹ǵӡǵɢռҲʼҶһӾ뿪ˣ硣
ǰ޴ĹħǿߣȻںɫļ̳棬һµħϯأѪϿա
ǰһܹǰ磬һСҶĿᶨ˵
Ҷϥ֮У˹ϢҲʮ˷ħ֡
žѧǳ£һʮ˲㣬ÿһ㶼һӡǳ򵥣ȥȴҶޱ𾪡
ÿһӡǽǧǧķӡһӡ֮Уʮ˲ӡԽԽֲ
ϧǣ˹ڸҶʮ˷ħֻеľŲ㣬ھŲϾûˡ
Ȼ˹ڹĵλߣֻܵõǰŲʮ˷ħ֡
Ҷ˵Ѿ㹻ˣΪ߲㡢ڰ˲͵ھŲ㣬Ѿܹ֮˵ġ
Ҷ˵ܹ㣬׾ˡ
Ҫ֪žѧɱռЩѧǿˡ
һǾһáҶһ񣬿ʼȫĵزһӡŵӡȻҲѣҶĿǰľ磬ǿԿö
ϾҶռʮսĳɾͣѾЩλˣλס
ԣһӡҶ츳ġ
ºҶͽˡ
ҵ֮ģҪ֮ģҿҪʮܹһӡҶ뵽
ʮ˷ħ֮УÿһӡʵҲ󷨣Ͼӡܲɷֵģϵܴ
ҪҶ첻󷨵Ļ»ѵʱͶˣҶĳɾҲôһ㡣
ֻ򣬻ɡ
վѧ֮еҪҪžѧҪùħʬȻУȡħľܹžѧ
ȻǹǿصشԸħľѧһѧžѧôԺԸħ˾ɶˡ
˵žѧԸǰٷ֮ٵĹôԸħĻǰٷ֮ٵĹ
ʵǹħ壬ֻҪǺħйأЩаħһ壬ᱻžѧơ
壬ҪܵžѧĿơ
žѧԺҶԸѪħ˾ɶˡҶ찵뵽Щ˷ܡ
ǣջžѧˡ
£Ҷ쿪ʼʮ˷ħ֣ǰĹħǿߵʬΪȻƶ˫ֽڹħǿߵʬϡ
һ̣һ˿˿ɫ˫֮ȥ·гĸ룬ɢŲõ⣬˹ħǿߵʬ֮С
ظоõһɹصȡҶ˫֮Уʹ˫ƷȣȻ۳һɫӡǡ
֣һǡ⡱һǡ𡱡
ʮ˷ħֵÿһӡΪ裬һǷ⣬һ
ȷӡȻɱܳˡ
ף
ͻȻҶ췢ǰĹħǿʬƸɱȥ·ˮֱһС
ϸһ룬ҶҲˡ
ȻħǿʬľڱԼգȻ󴢴˫ĵӡ֮С
ò˵λžѧĹǿ߷ǳȻùħԸħ壬֮֮Ǹ֮
ŲϵգҶ춼оԼ˫̺֮ԼȫҪֲˣϾǰħǿߵʬǰһλλףʬȻǿޱȡ
ҲҿžѧǳӡǣӶǿΪá


1353 ɱ
ºѪϿգħǿߵľ޴Ѿ׸ɱˣ·һֽʱпܱ
ʱԱߵҶѣ۾Ŀ֮͸貵Ľɫ⣬ƿռ䣬գâҡ
һˡҶǴһ˿Ц⣬ȴûе⡣
ʮ˷ħֵĵһƪҲͺռʮ࣬Ҷ츳ܹôѧҲ
ӵڶ㿪ʼһֱϣǲļѡ
ֻǲ֪ΣҶ컺̧ƣĿȥ˫֮Уɫӡ֮ϣѾһɫħۣǴɵһı׼
һ죬ܹʮ˲㣬˫ƽʮħۡôͿһַӡأһֻأҵ֡
עһ޷̽ľԶĵ·
ͣ
һռѷ֡
ţҶüͷ΢΢һԶȻһռѷ죬ѷԽԽһɹɻħ˳
ħռ䣡
Ҷһʱˡ
Ѿȡ˹ħǿоûħ֧֮ţħռҲͿʼˡ
Ȼûãһռѷ֣ͬ˵ħ
ҽȥߣһԽȥҶ첻ɵ뵽Լħռţʱ¶Ц֮ɫһܣѾɽһռѷ֮С
һħռ䣬ޱߵħϯҶһƣǽⱩǣһɫġ⡱ֱ㳯ǰѹȥЩħȫս
ȤЩħȻԼҵһַӡҶ漴¶ϲɫȡĸˡ
һ·УϵȡЩɢħ˫֮ǵħ۵ɫӵˡ
ħռ찵أŰħưӲһƬĩľ
ҶҹûпһӰⲢ֣Ͼħռǳ󣬲˹Ϊ˽ʡСռ䡣
ֻټĹħռ֮оȻһﶼûУҶЩơ
ţҶ죬ôڴʱǰһ֮
Ҷתͷȥʱ¶Ц֮ɫԩ·խǺǣ
ǽһţû뵽Ȼˣԩ·խ
һԶʱɫһ¶֮ɫ߿ûһţҲûзһţһ˶Ҷ죬Σˡ
ҲûȴϾľţһҫδսȴ
ߣҶ죬ͬΪ磬Ϊ޵ҽһưÿһŶ֮ͬһһƿؿռ䷨򡭡
һ̸г˽֮ɫǰδУ·֮ǰܸҶʵ
ķϻ˵𣿡Ҷ쵭شĻɱε¶
һţ

֮ǰſɱ˲ţҶñ
ϻ˵ˣǾ͹һʹһЩҶָŽһţܵ·һƽ顣
㡭һһ漴ȻŭҶ죬
Ȼ㲻ԸҾ͹ȥˡҶȻƽǻ䣬ѾڽһǰеѪսҲ貵Ľ⣬һҵĽɫâۣʱգݿһسһš
䣡
ŷ䣬ض·һ
һ˫չëȥҶӭϡ
һͬ𣬷ҡֱϾһȣ޴ǲ񷣬ѹ졣
Ϊİǽһ츳ͨǳǽһ֮еǿš
Ҷ죬һʵ㣬֮ͬУǽһǿġһŴ𣬺ħռ䡣
Ȼһ漴
ռʮ
ҶһƲ񷣬ֲûգɫëɽ飬ⷽضڲ
ৣ
ɫâɾ񵶣һͽϸ߿յĽһն룬ǽɫѪҺõ϶ʱһɫ¡
һ۵ŭ쳤ХŲ񵶵ͣԶȥҲһͷ
һףҶ֮Ĳ̫ˣ޷ֵҶһ
г˺⣬˲ʡ
漴Ϊ
ʮ˷ħ֣ҶٴδҲûһ˿âЩֲĵҲ
ֻһɫġ⡱ƿϮбþ޴Žһѹ
һ̧ͷг˲ţǸ⡱ЯſֲѹĿռ䷨ʩչѹý޷
һŭ֮ɫ
ɫġ⡱һ£˶ѹסˣҲ޷ܡ
ûʧҶʮ˷ħֵܣʱ¶Цݡ
һſҶ죬г˲ʵĺ
ľȥɣҶЦһӡޱߵĽ˫֮б۳һɫġ֣ǰĽһŷȥֲء
¡¡
顣
һŭûƬɫĺ֮УǾ޴ױݻ٣һɫġֺ񣬽ĨɱƬ֮С

Žһŵ䣬糹ױı˳еı飬ԶҪߡ
ǽһϵװǿλ۷弶װװ١
ҶֵһȡߣȻ˫ѹգЩҪߵıҲһһѹսԼ֮С
һջܴ󣬱ϾһŷǳУǵλ츳Է򶥼ģȻܶࡣ
ԸСˣҶʱЦ
Ѿ͸ԷһˣȻȲҲ˶٣λ׼װ
Ҷʥ츳ܸߣѾӶһλΪʦȻҲһװҪ͡
Ҷ죡һŭͻȻԶ
Ҷתͷȥɵһ㶣û뵽һˣһţ湻ɵġ
ȻɱһŭɫȻһʬ壬ȴӦΧɢĽһϢ
ң֮ԸΪյ˽һŵѶϢֻϧһҶĶ̫ˡ
ңҶ쿴ǰŭһţɵЦһɱи벻֮˵𣿱˵ˣȻˣǾȥɣֻˣɱˣ·㲻ߣŵش
ԲѣһŶʱɫ


1354 ˫
֮УӰȻǿƴϯȥΧħɢˡ
Ҷ죬ȷǿҪɱңǲõġһŵͺһƥʱ֮ʱϯ֮еһƣԼչӴı壬һɳ죬Ҷ졣
ৣ
Хӵ
һɫĿͬ棬ֻ޴צܷ˸űĹ˱
ʱֹ𣿡
Ҷһֹ֮У˼붼޷˼ʵʱֹ֮೤ʱ䣬˲ͱƽˡ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬һǾ޴ѾϿգѹѹһƬգǲ񷣬Яһ˿־ǿѹ
Ҷûκξ⣬̧ͷ˫Ŀ磬еѪսǻע֮£õ⣬һǿƥĵ񷣬߿ա
꣡
ǿռѵ
谵֮Уһ޴Ŀռѷ챻âӲ˺ѳռ֮иǷӿû
ǳҵĵâޱȵҫ۶Ŀһŵ˫צײһ𱬷һĿֲ죬漴˫צ飬ɫѪҺգӲնһŵӴ

һһűһɳȥ޴嶼ˣѪë䣬ѪҺɽĵǡ
ʵϧҲˡҶڵ˫һ̱˰ɫõƲ񷣬ֱ͸ճӡ
һŲɵһ䣬ŲԶҶ죬ͻȻо󷢺
ǰѾˣһμͶԷ£һŽԷߡ
ڶμڽħռ֮ǰԷѾͷһŲ£ֶκβ˶ԷֶֹֻͨԷħռ䡣
ǵμˣԷѾһնɱԼǱԷһش˫ѾͬһΡ
μ棬ȴһαһǿ
һ𺳵ҲһţţҶ𺳵ţǵһμ
δ֮УȻдһϯ֮λһŲ뵽
Ҷǿ츳ֻҪ̤׾磬ôͻһ·˳磬Ϊ۷ǿֻ߲ʱѡ
һУѾˡ
Ϊһɫġ⡱ִſֲѹѹסˡ
ƾһͷ޷ѳȥֻܲʵط˻𣺡ʲô
ɱĶҶ˵ӡһɫġִſֲĻ֮٣ⷽճױˡ
¡¡
һŸܵΣգҵطȫڷ⣬һëԶ䣬ͬһա
ɫġ⡱ַ⣬һжѹ
һų׾ˣĿؿҶ죺֣ҲûûңףΪλᱻŷ۾Ϊ״ˡҲ˵̫磬ɱǿţȻ򣬵ͬҲ߲Уǲųɳģᱻɱҡ֮У
һƬЦ֮УѡԱ
ǳķ
¡
ֲıըϯķǸɫġ⡱ں俪ˣһ񷢹⣬Ҫߣȴɫġֳ״ݻ١
Ҷȫһһᡣ
ǿţ䣬˳ȥ϶𾪡
һǰԣһΣҶҪ߲УᱻΪصɱ
Ժ򣬻սսҶ춼ֹİɱ
ǲųɳģΪһѪħѾеͷۣǲлΪڶѪħġ
Ҷ첢û˶е£ڶ֮ǰѾ뵽һˣѡˡ
ߣҪעĬĬţȻˣǾҶִɡҪôվۣ֮ҪôҲ޺
Ҷһһӣһŵı
Ҷһ㶼˲ΪһűȽһԵöӾȻѡԱ
һԱֱӻٵоųɾŵııҲ˲СشҶ˵Ѿȫûмֵ
һϵλ۷弶װȴԱԴݻٵģȱҶûа׷һΡ
׾ȱԺҶҳһλţøáҶһװ뵽
ͽܶѾһλװѾҪģҶʥҲУһ׾Ϳȱˡ
Ҷûװֵ̫ˣѣɵӲŻ
װͬһӳǳֲ
һλװӳһλҹͷȫֵߡ
ǿû˻Щме
ʰöҶ뿪˴˵أ׼Ѱһ
ȻѾˣҶȻҪɱ䣬ҲˣϾ򣬲ߴΪС
ҶĿѪħϣħĴĵˣµ

Զڹħռһɽϣһͷ˴漴¶һӰǷһš
ڸոգյһŴϢ
ˣһȻˣҶɱģʵֱǿˣһ𾪣漴гء
һθܵ˾޴ѹǸҶ졣
һйڣԸڽһʱ򣬲û֪ͨһš
һҪǵĶ֪࣬Ҷ϶ŹһţԸѣ˳÷һת߲㣬йҶһҪӡ
ǰĴѶ֮УһŽԼǰҶľ˵ķǳȫ棬ҶʵÿһӵʵύĿı÷һӡ
һȻԴ󣬵ǰ׳գһǰĴѶ֮УҶ˵Ŀ¡
֮ǰ£һΪ磬ҿ¾ͲĶ֡ȻԱİգƺʲôµֶΣһ㲻òһŰԳ˼
ȻϲҶ죬ЩԽܣʵǰҲòܡ
ֻһ˵ˣҶƺµռҪ£еѹԭ
ֻռô㲻УҲӦÿԡ
µƺ廹ƣòˡ
Ҳգ뿪˵أħռҪҲȲҵҪҿɲڽ֮ǰȥߣҶ죬ҵţԺ̤׾磬δػһų˼֮ϵ˳ħռ䣬ѡ뿪Ѫ
Ե÷ǳǣҲΪԼǶҡ


1355 
ԽţԽϧԼֲϧˣ츳ٺãҲߵĺԶ
ޱߣţѾ֪˶ٸԪ
ΰ֮У˭ܼǵõЩǣ
ͺñŷ۾ʮ״ӣһǳǻǵü
ΨһϤģЩǿߡ
ʱ飬絶
ЩԪŵˣҫۣĴڡ
һſɲΪһǣҪǿҵ̫һΡ
ãûн׾֮ǰ̫ϧˡ
ЩǿһеŶԣֻ̤׾󣬲ֳǵļֵ˭Ըᡣ
һźͽһžûᣬǵ츳ȫԳסߡ磬ʱͿ棬վ֮ۡ
ڣһжˣǲټǵţµľȡǡ

ħռ䡣
ʱţǾΰĹħѾȻȻģƬħռҲ˻ıԵ
Ҷһ·ʱпռѷ֣ܵĿռƲһѣƬռ
ôãȻһﶼûз֣ɱţҪһˣħôҶüͷշУЩˬ
ڹռ֮еõʮ˷ħֵĴУҶħռ仹Щڴģû뵽ȻһƬޱߵħ֮⣬ʲôûС
ϣԽʧԽ
ħôҲǺ͹ͬεǿȻôⲻϳ
λħǿҲ˴Уֻûв£ֻܽзħռĳطҶв²⣬ƬռûбĻЩŻ壿
ǷǳǼŶƬħսǳϤƺ֪
ѪħĵӣƺҲ֪
Щ֪֪׵˶ҪƬռ䣬Ǿ˵Ƭռȷбǡ
ҶģȻʲôûз֣ȻƬռε
ڵʵǿ󣬾ϷһҲ£Ȼη塣
ʱ䣬ķӡҲ쵽ʱˣα֮оԶˡҶһ߰뵽
֮вûʱƵģϾٴҲи޶ȣܴûб߼ʡ
ǵĶεţչʮ꣬Ѿ콫֮еıչθɾˡ
ˣߴʥõķӡҲɢˣʱҲ뿪ǵʱ̡
ʱڣöɱˣϢҶ찵Ц
˵ҲɣڴʱǰǿϢǳļңƺս
ⲻϢҲѪħϢҶһѾԼѪħսܶˣŵϢǳϤܹж
ȻˣҶ컹ǿٳǰȥ
¡¡
žԽԽһֲϯ֮бѾ˱ԵĿռ䣬ٴܵݲУ׻γһƬѵĿռ籩Ƭռ֧顣
ǿռѷ죬дС֮Уռ֮УǳķոһУ
Ǿҵķ籩֮УӰڼҵزɱţҶĿȥӰΣȻҲţǶħԼħš
Ϥħһ˱Ȼħ
ħҲҵĵˣߺߣҶ΢΢һЦû¶ΣڲԶĿռѷ֮йս
Զŵսǳң˭ҲûзҶ֮͵ĵ
˹ˣħ˶ôɣ֪͵Ϯһŭǳǿңղ
˵һλŽɫ̷ˣĿǳϬһ˫տ۾ԵƲ
ŵ޴񽣣񽣲ͬ񽣵Ľǳ󣬶һܺʵ
ֽҶʶ˫ֽǶĽʿϲ
Ȼűڶ
ħҲǵˣѹֻϣҶĿ˸Ѿ˴㡣
ߴ֮УǿѪħΨ𣬲Ϊ֮⣬ʣµ򣬰ڣԶ⽻ߡ
ħ߽һֿԱ˴ΪС
֮ħ˫һͬĵħ򣬱˴֮ûϵԹϵȽϺá
һҶ뵽
ǰȻʵѾش²ǰħ˹˵Ķ֡
ղŵĻƺܵ˹˵͵Ϯ˲űش
Ҷ췴ˡ
ϣǵˣѵҪҺսЦˣΪǶĽǶҪһһضԾ˹˴̵
ţҲǿԣͷŭ
Ҳ֪˹˵Ķԣ֮䣬ȷҪ˼ʲô͵Ϯ͵Ϯ
ֻǱϾһȼţǸ֮ţݲһŻΪԷ͵Ϯ顣
ߣ˹ˣ̫⣬ȻˣҪɱҲǲܵģҪߣסϴһ׼ټΪսȥûκκôв
ڲ뵽ߣ˹˼״Ц̫ˣ
֮ܵȻһҵĹȻһƬС
ħ󣡡ɫһ𾪵ؿ˹ˣʲôʱõħ󣿡
׳գѾˣǰħ󣬲ȻΪһôɵ͵Ϯ㣿˹Ц
õħ߲㴫һó׷˵ħͷ˿ϣȻŲ֣Ϊıһɱš
ϣ˵ţħ߲֮Ѿ˱ɱֻҪɱ㣬Ҿдͣ˹Ц
ɫû뵽Է׼شʵͲ˹ˣֱ˹˵ħ֮Уθֹۡ
ϱϾǶľţԸƴغħ˫ִһҵĽâǳĿֲ
Ȼܵħǳι̣ƾŬֻ£ûб
ûõģҪȫʢʱڣҾħס㣬Ҳ޷ɱ㡣ڣشֻҪʱ㣬ûʱ޸ƣͱɡ˹Ц֮ɫ
ŭ
ڴʱ
ƻܺãϧң
һȻ˹ϵЦݶʱ̣ħеĿҲ֮ɫ
ֻ֮УһֻɫĴֺնЯһɰѹޱߵɢ׵ؾͽħշѹѡ
һӰڲԶһĮҶ졣


1356 նɱ
㣡
˹˿ԶͻȻֵҶ죬ͫ׶ʱһɫ漴Ŀг˾ͼɵ֮ɫ
ǰڽħռʱҶͷһţԼһšһ˵սνǾ춯أЩߴޱ𺳣ȻȻҲͱסˡ
ʱλս򶥼ŵ֣˹βɵأ
Ҷ컹ƽħ󣬾ȳĵ˿ϣ˵Է߲ơ
ԭҶ֣лҶֳȣ
˹˵ļɵͬϱΪԼαˣû뵽ȴһ壬ɵмؿҶ졣
֮ͶѣлҶ˰֣Ц˵
ߣ˹һ֪Ҳɱϣתȥ
ߣҶЦһѾ˹˵ǰסȥ·
ͬʱҲ˹˵ĺ棬Ҷγɼл
˹ɫһһ˿ɵȴ䳰Ҷ죬˵ţŶκβ㡣ôҪ뿭ֶԸңδ̫˰ɡ
Ц˹ˣ֮ǰ㲻˵Եˣ͵Ϯ֣ôڵ̸ƽˣˣħǶĹͬˣԸ˻ںʲôֶ𣿡
㡭
˹˶ʱ޻˵ֻг˷ŭ
֣ȥһˣͽˡҶʱ˵ˣ˹˵Ŀǳͬһ񵶣ú߷
Ҷ֡һ㶣Ҷ̫дˣϾҶʵǿ󣬵Ҫɱȫʢʱڵ˹ҲǲܵģԷ߻׾ٵģϾʵ಻Ǻܴ
Ҷûȿ˵꣬˰֣˵ֲõģҼȻ˵ˣаգˡ
Բѣ
˹˱ŭҰ
ϼ״ٶԣȥһˣ˳ս
Ҷ죬̫ˣΪħ𣿡˹˱Ҷӳ׼ŭˣһֲħ˷ķһµƿռ

˹˴ȡ
ֻһð棬֮ȼЯһɹɿµĻ棬ҵĸ½ռ䶼ڻˡ
ݣ
һһƵХ죬ƥ
Ҷҫ۵⣬̾㽫ϵǲĺܸȵĹǲ̫Զˡ
һ䣬һ貵ĵâն񷣬һնϡ
ѵбֲĻ棬ͬһƬ貵̻ҫųҵĹâħռ䡣
Ҷһǵâûм٣˹ˣƺˡ
ÿֲĵһԹսĶſ֮ɫ
ֱһ˹־ֻţû뵽ҶĵȻôǿ󣬲ɵôһٶӡʩչǿħ䡣
ΰĻ澫飬
˹˵һɸӿֲĻ淨ƺΧռĻ淨򶼱۶ʹΧ¶ȼߡ
ǳҵĻƾճ֣˹ȫƣһƬ漴ϱ˷ϯûƬء
ҶҲƬ֣ȵ¶ƺҪڻһӻ֮гݺݵƺˡ
ȥɡ죡˹˴ȡ
¡¡
ʱһȵĻƲ񷣬ӻ֮гǧγһҶѹȥ
ͣ
ҶæһȥǾ˲ٻԵòƻ
Ҷ죬Ҳˣ˹˶ʱ¶Цݡ
δҲ˵̫ˣҶһЦռʱ֣ϵӡҵĵâУһɿµĵϲ񷣬ϯ˻ġ
ռʮҶһһʮϵʯ֣ÿһʯ֮жô൶һһ񵶣նأգǰ״ݻ١
㡭˹־ŭš
ֻʵôȥɣҶһѪս貵Ĺâһƥĵâ˺գնǰҵĹ硣
ͣ˹Ȼ߾ȫֵǱ˷˶ɳȥװҲܵ˼Ĵݻ٣һĿĵѷ죬˱ıԵ
˹ţɴ۾𾪵ô᣿ôôǿͬλڣôʵ
Ϊ츳̫ˣҶһЦеѪսҪĮǱĵ˸ҵĵâʱ˹û
ش˹ֱӱһ壬˳ҪߣȴҶֱ
ǰ˹˷ĵĲҽ
һԹսĿϳˣΪڿҶʵˣͬΪ磬ҶѾ˦ԶԶˡ
ֵõһװˡʱҶѾڴɨս˹˵ıˡ
˹ûԱıౣãҶռ׬һʡ
ֵõһװǼֵޡ
׼ޱȣһһףֵ޷Ҷ쵱Ȼˡ
ò˵ЩŶǸǿţһװҲֻ࣬Ҫɱһ͹׬һˡ
ҶһɱѪħţħţõıѾЩλۺˣһЩλ׵ˡ
Ҷ֣ǵ츳ȷ̫ˡϿҶɹɵÿЦ
֣ҿɲ˵㡭ҶһЦ
Ҷ֣ҿ츳α֮УǿĶţټҶ֪죬˰ϰ˰֣漴Ҷ죬һ˿壬ܹʶҶţҡ
ֹˡҶЦЦ漴⣬ʵ֣ƻָô
Ѿָ߰˳ˣʣµĲ£ֻʱ⡣˵
ȻˣҶĳҲ͸ˣԺԵټҶ챧˱ȭ˵
Ǻǣһ첻̫ãΪ򽻺ãÿ¼Ԫʼʱ򣬶ụཻһ½ȥ˴˵һĸ飬Ҳǻд裬ͬչЦ
Ҷ˵ͷҲ֪߲Ͷ߲֮ԼѾǧԪʷˡ
뿭ϸ֮ҶڹħռεħռԽԽˣ˺ѵĿռѷ죬һֱ粽С
Ҷε˰£ûһţǿѾ뿪ħռˣɵҲ׼뿪ˡ
ʱ˫֮еɫӡͻȻһҵĽ⣬ʱɡ
ɫӡǣûô߶Ϊλᷢ⣿
Ҷ̧˫֣Ŀĵɫӡǣü֮両һĨ˼


1357 Ϣ
˹֮ǰ˵ĵӡǿԸӦħǿߵĴڣֻҪлŵĹħǿߵϢ֣ĵĽɫӡǱԶâѵ滹лŵĹħǿߣ
Ҷһ
ӦòܣлŵĹħǿߴڣӹλʥ۾
λʥϣЩŽĥȻǽǿĹħǿߴڣ϶ᱻǰˡ
˹ֲƭԼҶгɻ
˵ʵһλ׼ǿߣҲܹˡҶ찵뵽
ʵǳǿ󣬾սѾλԲǿߣټװļӳ֣Ժλ׼ǿ߶һˡ
Ȼ׾Ͼһ߲εľ磬Ѿ龳ˣԴλԲ絽λ׾֮Ĳǳ󣬼ǿţҲѿԽ
Ҷûýλ񾳽֮ǰǺѿԽ磬Խ׻ܵǿߵġ
ҶϾһǿװ򲻹ܹߵġ
ٲãʹλѪӣȻҶڵȻ߶ѪӼΣҲڹؼʱ̻Ϊˡ
ԣ΢΢˼Ƭ̣ҶĽɫӡǵָһٷȥ
ԵúСģϢΣͬʱ߶ǰ̽ȥ
𵤣ȻҲײεģԷǳǿƬĹħռݺᡣ

ҵĿռ֮УһѪɫӰ𣬻Ʋ񷣬ЯһѪۣڲԶһʯ档
Ѫħӣ˿˫ɺɫڼشЦ
˵ĹȻûѪħȷǹħĺᣬҵѪҺλħǿߵѪҺںϣʹҵ츳һ¥һõѪ֮ŴһЩսʵ
Ѫħĵ˷֮ɫ
νħռ䣬õ˴Եҵ˹ħǿµһЩѪӶںϡ
ȻνĻԵҲֻѪħá
ҪǱں˹ħǿߵľѪ߻ħɡ
ѪħǹħĺᣬܹںϣλӸѪħеĳţѪͷǳӽħ壬ܹںϡ
塢ħЩ壬Ѫǳ߼ǵЩսͨѪУҲЩħǿ߾Ѫ֮еõһЩĴС
⴫к٣ֵȴǳ
ħ͹һ棬Ǹ߲飬ǵĹսҪǿöࡣ
ֻõһ㣬Ҳˡ
ҶҲֻõʮ˷ħһĹҲ棬ȵ𾳽綼ܼá
ߣţһǵɣѪħĵһĿгӡ
ѪħűѹģնɱӵܣҲΪ
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ңԸоõѪħŨҵĹħϢ֮ǰûеģɵΪɻ
Ҷ죬ãɱѪħţǽҲһˣƬĹħռΪķĹɣѪħӳԾ֮󣬺ܿиһĨЦ
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ǰڹħռ棬ΪڣĻҲҶġ
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ֹǿߵϢȴѪħϲģϾõĹħǿߵѪУǹħĺᡣ
ҶϵֹϢϢ·ͺᡣ
ߣԲѣҿѪħĵжʵҶһЦǿϢ͸ΧĿռ䳹顣
ѪħӵйħǿߵϢҶ챾ͺܸȤѪħӲ֣Ҳѡ֣οҶ챾û׼ŹѪħš
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ħѪħѪħںλħǿߵľѪǲžѧġ
˿̣ΪħѪħӣʵٶȱǣֿµĹħϢܵķ򶼸ˡ
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Ҷһħǿ£ǹǷҪǿѪħֹһΡ
Ҷ춯ݵǣѪħĵԵõ˹ħǿߵĴУΪʹһȭʮƥ߹ħɣ
ռʮҶ߾񵶣ҵĽһƥĵâ˺ĵ죬ǰȻĹħȥ

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ѪħһûоȺ⣬ϾҶǿǼģֶκβá
Ȼں˹ħǿߵľѪʵǺܶ࣬Ҳ൱ڷһŵʵҲǿһ㣬ȻڶʱڻҶ졣
գѪħЦҶ죬ĵ𣿺ҪɱΡ
ҶĿ磬ؿѪħĵӣеѪսϵһֲĵâ˺أնա
ѪħӴһ˫ȭͬµħϯءÿһȭǳֲйħļӳ֣ޱǿһȭһȭػǰĿռͬһ㱻飬Ŀռ֮ȥȭâɱҶ죬ƺˡ
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ʮ˷ħǹ峬ǿߴרſƹħǿߵսѪħӽ˹ħĴУں͹ħûʲôֱԸ϶Чá
գҶһѪħĵӣȻӱˣѪħĵѸһξ롣
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ʵϣ֪Ҷ첻ߣϾҶʵ֮£κβҶ졣
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ռκβңʲôµս̫Цˣһ˼츳ٸߣҲڶսȡͬߵĳɾͣѰ·ߣѪħӼ״ɵЦ
Ҷûᣬ¶Ц֮ɫ˫֮ӡٶȸˣһɳҵĽ𽥴˫֮ų
װŪߣѪħһһԾǾ޴ħѾ˹ֲޱߵħϯ硣
ȥɣ˫ȭڰĹâ·޾ĺڰԨһУӲ֮ϯûա
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ҶʱӡѾɣһɫġ⡱ִķɳԽԽɢ޾Ľɫԣա
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·ҹ̫ӿȵħҲȫѹһɫġ⡱ֳѪħӵϿգƥƽĹħѹסˡ
ʲôѪħӼ״ɵôʧɫš
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һ˲䣬һƬɫѪ㱻ݻ٣лѪħӵŭ


1359 ʼ澫Ѫ
Ѫħĵӷǳɴֱ࣬Ա˹ħΪѪ⣬µ壬˷ȥҪ˵ء
ҶһֺնƥݿһѹɱѪħӵ塣
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ҶһֳĹħ߰˳ɣǰȻԱ˹ħû˼ԴֻǻһΪһ٣ӳȥװʵ˿ļǹħĿ֮
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Ѫħﻹڴ˵أ˻֮ʣµļ壬ɢӿ׼ӳȥһһ
Ҷ쵱ȻǽɱҪѪħĵӣǴ˵ʵȷ£Ӳץסһᣬһ
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ңҶʮ˷ħֲŲɱ˶ԷֻƾռôҶֻܻܶԷ޷شԷ
ʮ˷ħֶѪħӵĿȣҲҶ쾪ϲѣԺսѪħˣһо
ߣһﱻشʱԻָӳ˵֮󣬾Ҫ׼뿪ˡ
Ҷһ߷Ѫһ߰ơ
ѪħߣԷ»øǿһǿĶ֣С鷳
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⻹λ׼Ļޣ˹һΪλ׼Ļ֮λ׼ĻޣЩߴ˵ֱһѡ
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ѪħĵʱҲˣһ϶˵ʱõ˹ħĴУȻںдıѪħвٻӵڴˣֻҪɱһܽȡһʼ澫Ѫ
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ң˹˵ʮ˷ħֶԻ޵Ŀýڹħ壬ȶ˿ȻҪǿ
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˭һŭ漴ѵʯ֮зɳһѪɫӰ˲ڸ߿ϣصҶ죬ŭͶ񶾡
һ꣬Ϳ࣬ü֮ɢһɰְİֱӴ֮ͷų
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ܿϳҶ죬еİҲ˲¶һĨ֮ɫ
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ԣѡһس֡


һǧʮ ع
Ҷ죬㲻úѪħǲŹġ
⣬ѪħĵӺҺǺѣһұġ

Ĳҽ
ѪħĻӵܱҶȻöԷҽС
ؽһҲܣǼǰһ˸ǧУǳҡ
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ʵţΪѪħĵһǿ֮ˣû˿ԽܣҲõ
ӵݣǵ棬Ѫħϡ
ӱ֮˻ܣôѪħͶˡ
ǰһûнһźͽһϢȥҪס棬Ͼⲻʲôʵ顣
ͬѪħĵҲˣûдѪħЩǣԼҸط޸ơ
ߣ
ŵѪħӵܣҶһ漴ţھϵһǵĵӣ᲻㣬˵Ҷڴˡ
˻һѪħĻӵܶʱɫһˣǶԷûлش
ңǰûҶʱҲϵӣͬûлѶ
·Ҷ˵Ѫħĵһط޸ƣûʱˡ
ң飬ǵĵӿҲûˡ
ԽԽӵܶʱˣɵ
ǵĵӶԷˣѹ˵Ĳһ˫ֱһ档
û뵽ȻţǵĵӻҪǿ󣬿ǼҲȲϣߵʲôʺ˰
ӵı֮
Ƭ̺һĥУҶӲ
漴һΰɫѪƯɫġ⡱ס
ѪȭͷôСɢһа֮ϢϵײܵĽɫ֣Ҫӳȥ
ףⶫȻԣǲʼ澫ѪҶ쿴һĻɵôк档
Ҫ֪ղǸѪħĻӵѾһʼ澫ѪŶԷһ˿Ȼԣ֪ܣò˵ǳ档
˽֪Ѫ
Ůӣ͸ĸһ
ӵѪħλϵʼĵϵȻѪѾϡˣǿһʼ澫Ѫ
һʼ澫Ѫļֵܸߣһλˣϡһ˺ѻãϾѪħĻӵ٣Ҳôɱġ
ҶȡɣڱҵһĻҪõһʼ澫Ѫȴ֪õȵˡ
ȻսҲܹѪħĻӵܣϾ٣սɱȱǴˣҪôĵطһѪħĻӵܣڴ롣
ңȥսѪħӵܣһǳҪǶѣ˵Ҫˡ
ҪǣսѪħǿߣҵһѪħĻӵܣԷ򲻹ҲܹȣڱǣҲһ
˵Ҷá

Ҷ죡
Ҷӵܣõһʼ澫ѪʱڱǵһĶ棬Ѫħλս˫ȭҧгݣ֮ɫ
ԴӴѪ֮һֱڴ˵ˣûȫָ
ǸӵܵϢȻյˣ֪ôأֻװû
ϾѾܸҶˣƶûлָʱҪȥҶ죬ǲѰ·
ΪѪħһǿţȻǰ׳գ֪ɽڲûյĵӲؿסԼеķŭڴ˵ˡ
Ҷ죬ҼסˣȥսһҪɱ㡣Ѫħĵӷŭĵͺ

һʼ澫Ѫ֮Ҷ첢ûͣ½ŲǼڱչα
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ȻɫܼӲҶʩչռʮֲ֣ܺ̿ѡ
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Ҫ֪ŷ۾Ǻųǿߣʲô˸ҽϵܣ
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Ȼǵٴδʥ֮ǰʥǣСһ
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ʱ͸ɫĻ֣Ҷ쿴˲ԶнɫģѪɫģкɫģɫģһɫ
Щÿһ涼һӰȫȥ
ҶŪˣߴλʥڽŻع顣
УɫĹʥ
ѪɫģҶ²Ѫħһλʥɵֻʮʱֻ
Ҫ֪ǰٵѪħżкüٸȴֻʣʮȥɼһ˶ˡ
Ҫ֪Ŀɶеţ㹻ѪħЩ߲һˡ


һǧʮһ 
СһθɵòûʦҲΪˡʥȻҲѪħʧأɵЦ˵
ʦ˼ҽ̵зı¡Ҷæ˵˵Ķʵûŷ۾ڵռ䣬Ҳڶʱӵĳɾ͡
ҵ֮죬Ҷɲǡ
ǺǣСӵ֪ǫ顣ʥһЦûм˵
Ⱦ磬ɲںһһصĵʧѪħȻʧСǿ˵ȴһͷ¶硣
˵ˣЩѪħʥǣҲֻǵһϷѣ뱦ǵŶˣҲж⡣
Ͼβ̫Զˡ
ʥǿ˵ֻгһλףһλףŻ⡣
ûЩʥڽԼһȥʱ򣬶û˳𣿾ѪħһһʥҲûжҶЩų֡
Ҫ֪ҶڼʥʵϾ̫ˣԷֻҪһನҶˣʥҲ޿κΡ
һʥѪħһʥûг֡
˵ЩвûжٷֵǱԴСȥԸҶǡ
Щʥ⣬µЩǣȴһ޵ҧгݣҶ˱ɱ׼Ҷǰսʱˣһϴ衣

һҲһЩŽһźͽһţɵ¶һ˿֮ɫ
СһȻˣ
üͷ΢΢Ϊ桢ƽȵĴڣȻҲ֪һźͽһα֮
񿴵䣬治Щǣ֪ǵǷˡ
£ҵһţֱ͸
ǵˣһͽһСôģǵʵ֣ҲߣѵѪħһȺСһΧɱˣ
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ʵ񣬲һźͽһűˣһҲˡãΪ֣һźͽһʧܵʱ
һ㣬Ѿȥһźͽһȴǲ֪
ʼնֻλӶѡ
棬Ȼ˵⣬ʣһС㱻ҶȥǵĿѾˣҲûв֡ûϵǣҶ츳ǳ˼Σÿһμ֮ǰ࣬һͽһλ콾ǱɱһŶȻûκξȣƽ
ֻһСǵʲô⣬ֻҪ˾ͺáҶСһ˭Ȼɱ󶥼ţ츳¶ˡ΢΢
ʵ˵һЦ֮ɫȻȴҲᵱѣ˾ǰˣûе䲻ĵز
Ŷ浱Ȼ֪һŵİСһȻ˵Բ˵Ļɵ¶һ˿֮ɫ漴Цû뵽ֻСҲ䣬Ҷ쵽Ǻηʥ
ȻûȥǴܹܿնɱһͽһλ콾ȷ硣ݣҲ˵ŷ۾յ״ӡһ˵
ԭŷСӵ״Ӱ΢΢һ˿â˵ŷСӿвټԪû״ˣҶܹУҲѹ츳ԺҪսҪСˡ
ţһŵ˵ͷ漴˵棬Ѿӡ֮Уһ֪̽
ţôܺãܣȷ֪鿴ļ֮ҲĨⲿּ䣬ⲻǲ㣬ʵ̫ʱûбܵ˵
ףһŵ˵ͷ漴ſƾԼ֮У̽Լļ䡣
֮˳һҲ֮۾ֻĿһ˿ã
棬ղŷʲôˣҺʲôһüͷ˵
ѾˣղֻǽһּĨ㲻κεĲʡˣȻȥɣúŬһҶСӣһҪɱΪϴˢεĳ衣˵
ǣһŵ˵ͷȴüͷʲôʲôҲǲˡ
ʵϣĨ䣬ǿԻָġиǰᣬǾʵҪԽУֻעʵ֡
һ˿ɻãһ̤Ϥսĳȥ
һҶʱѾ֪Ƕ֮ˡ

ѪħһЩдǣ޼Ӱɵһĳء
ڽǵλѪħʥʼնû˵ȻЩǵıֺܲ⡣
ӣ֮ǰȥˣôûһϢѶѪħĵӡ
ǰѪħĵӶˣװûյǵѶϢǴ˿Ѫħʥ뿪ǣȴҲ޷Լ١
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㡭Բɵôŭ
δӵıѪħĵӣҵݣѾһŵ졣
ڣѪħ뱦ǵһ˲أӾȻܲʣ˶ŭ
ѪħĵȴûᰵŭĿӣֱϥȻֱ
ȻαҶĶӣĴ̼ܴں޲ϱǿ
ߣȴʧأȻȥ֮ҿ潻״ɵһٶԡ
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ʲôո뿪ǵҶʱɴ۾ʲôˣȻҵһʥֻǣ̫ţ˰ɡ
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ֻ޴ںЯſֲĻ֮ЩǸеֻ֪Ƶһ˿ನܻˡ
ס֣Ѫħʥŭȵҳء
ʥҲŭȣһȭֻںƣɫȭâ̫Ҫң档
Ȼǵһֻ޴ںƣ֮ನȴǽǸ׾ٵشݻٵˡ

ЩȫҶܹ˹ıߺŭ
һƬǿճױ


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ղ뿪һֻ޴ںǰһôЩǣͶͱĻһǹನ֮УǸʥҲȲǡ
ϾЩʥ뱦ǺԶƾһ˿Զ̷Ǻѵסǹನġ
˵ףҶЩź͸ղֻ޴ں֮Ĳ̫ˣֻͬܣȴֻϡ
棬ʲôһŭЩϤҶʥ
ͬʱһķŭԶ棬Ѫħ𣿡
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漴ħħ򡢶ĴʥҲʾԼĲ֮дʺͷŭ
ԭֵģҶ첻ɵð࣬ʥźͰԵȻʥ֣Ǻεȵǿƣ
ΪʲôҪأ
ҶʵҲˣĿıǻٵǣҲǸտ뿪Ǻͳ֡
ѵǻʬ𼣣ҶͻȻ뵽飬α֮УȻʲôĿĵģЩ쳣ĻǱԿ
Ȼ治ЩޱʥǵõԲųֽ
ȻֻҶĲ²⣬Ȳε飬޷֣Ҳûʸ֡
ߣһŷıǣٵͻٵʲôСֵġĮԵޱȣȫںʥķŭ
ҿʲô˵飬뱻֪ߣΪܵó𣿡Ѫħʥߵ
ҺΣĻ˲мѪħʥķζըˡ
ʱҶѾս񸫳ǡ
ص񸫳ǵʱҶѾȺڴ˵ס
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Ҷϵܣ棬ջǺܴţΪѾλڣλҲԶˡһ۾ͿҶΪ磬ɵЦŹϲ
дĸεȷջܴţˣʥôȥʥǣ֪ǷյϢҶЦ˵
Ǻǣյˣⲻڵھȥʥǣ߰ɣ˵ջ˻֣һ۱ǰ漴ۣ뿪񸫳ǣ档
̤֮Ҷ½ָ֮ǰյЩϢ
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޳ҪǸִֻ̫ȴһ
ӶĹزһֻׯǴﵽλ񾳽֮󣬲ҪȥĳִǼӶţЩؾ֮ðպĥ
һǵȥðգǺͶһȥðգÿһεѶȶߣδζΣա
ȻǻһѡǱǰǰսͬΣա
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̫Ϸ硢ׯ˱ѡǰǰսʣµЩؾ֮ðա
֪Щ֮ҶֻףƽϾ·ЩԼѡģҲֻأܸ档
ҶҲģϾЩ˶еţѾεĥЩ˻սףǰġ
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ѾλˣֻҪһǱλ۷徳磬λԲ硣
ֻҪﵽλԲ磬ôλˮɣò˶ʱˡ
ԽӣҶصǲڰȡսλ񾳽硣
ʱ󡭡
Ҷϵܣǵˣ֮׵
Ҷʱ۾һ⣬ͷų̽ȥʱ˾޴Ρʥǡ
һʥǣҶеǳϤʵϣ뿪ʥҲûжãλ񾳽ʥǣȻ̸ǰ޹˺ߣҲǷǳټġ
۽ʥʱҶȻܵʥǹϤǿϢͬһһǿ󣬺Ԩɲ⡣
ҶܵʥһɨԷû˵ϾȲεǲܶҶ콻ġ
ͺҶÿλذɽҲЩҶҵĺ̸Ͼ˫ݲ̫żһ仹УٶͲˡ
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漴Ҷŷ۾ڵɽ壬ǳϤϾʥҲ˺ܶꡣ
ӴΡɽ壬ɢһǿĵǷ嶥֮ϣһɺ嫵Ϣķն
Ҷһ·ɽУҲ˼λʦ֣еڱչеҶк
ʮʦ֣ڱһѪħĻӵܣһʼ澫ѪֻҪټһλ׵֮ģκСˣʱʦְϵǰ
ʮʦʱҶæ˵
ʮʦЦСǲĺˣֻҪҵһλ׵֮ģͰϵʡ
ʵһλ׵֮Ķֲεǿ˵ֱֵ׾ܹá
ԸҶ죬Ҷ˵Ҳһ飬ϾϣҶԼܹɱһλףԼһλ׵֮ġ
ǾͶлʦˣҶæϲ˵
Ǻǣ㻹ǸϽȥʦɣ˼ҹƵܾˡʮʦְ˰֣СʦǺϲģϾŷ۾ôԪû״ӣѵյһСͽܣЩʦֵģֱŷ۾ҪϲҶ졣
ңҶ츳ܸߣΪҲЩʦҲ˳ۡ
ȸˣԺݷʦ֡Ҷ漴ŷ嶥ȥ
嶥ͬһ磬һ̽⣬ֻܸܵǹɰΰϢȴһ
ʦ𣡡Ҷ֮ɫذݵڵء
α֮УĺܲûΪʦʧҸѵõǣȻõ˹һĴУ˵һҪúðաŷ۾Ӱ֣ĿҶϣο
ͬʱ֣һº͵ϵҶ졣
ʦô֪ҵõ˹һĴУҶЩȵʵҪ֪ߴʥӡǣŷ۾Ҳû˵ŷ۾ε֪ģ
ǺǣΪΪʦûһǵϢΪʦһ۾ϳˣֻΪʦȵǣһô߰壬Ȼ㣬ѧŷ۾Ц˵


һǧʮ ̸
ŷ۾Ŀ佱Ҷ¶ǫ֮ɫҲ㲻ϴУֻǵõһžѧһֻһĹŹרſѪħˣҲܿƣôǳ󡣡
벽Ѿ㹻һˣôԪֻһ˼һԪӡǸûеõһ˿УΪʦҲ޹Էˣ˵Ϊʦ̫ͣʸöԷĴСŷ۾˵գԳЦЦ
ҶԲɵ㵣ŷ۾˭ǿǰǿʥҲԶˣ𾳽֮µĳǿߡ
ŷ۾ֵȼĳڣҲָܹﵽָ߶ȣʿ֪
Ȼһ˸ˣ˵̫
Ҷ첻ɵûԼ˹һĻĻͻȻ֣Էһοо¶һĪɡ
ѵԷ֪ʣ
Ҳԣһ֮⣬Ȼ˹ʵߣǾͨľѧԳ֮ڵһЩҲһοңѾ͸ҵһУʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨֪ܶˡ
Ҷ찵뵽
ҲֻԷŻ˿ʮ˷ħֳѧ
ϧȾѧԷֱӡҵԪ֮УҸ޷ڸˣǿԽʦʦĸΪһԽ߾磬˵ɾʥΪˡҶ漴˵
˹ڴҶʮ˷ħֵʱѾ˵ˣžѧֻǹһ˲ſԴڸˣĻ޷ѧϰ
Ǻǣ£ŷ۾˰֣Ц˵ѵТģΪʦѾˡžѧΪʦѧϰҲҪ֪ԽǸߵȼľѧԽѲⲻʵߵ⣬츳⣬ܹԼ߳ռ츳ԳԽΪʦˡ
ֻҪžѧزйħһʬУһޡҶ漴Ц
ŷ۾йâһ˵Ҫħһʬ壿ҲѪħԿ²֪ʵǹħһĺᣬȻֻһЩϡĹħһѪ͹ħһȷͬԴ
ǹħһĺ᣿Ҷ֮ɫ漴ڱǣѪħĵӲӵйħһϢ
ʱΪԷõ˹ħһĴУڿԷΪǹħһĺᣬлõħһĴС
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Ҫ֪ɵһ֣Ѿھͬ磬ѪħŶĶӡ
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Լ԰ɣûôʱΪ֮ΪʦҲܼħս㣬ȥԵŷ۾˵
ţҶ˵ͷ漴ȡ㣬ŷ۾ҽҲһ˵
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ʦǣĿľҪЩ쳣ĻޣӶ֪еܡҶ˵
ŷ۾˵ͷ˵ĲȷҪʬ𼣣㣬ѾһЩˣιͺܴԺά͸һЩ
ʦץ˼ͷޣҶʱ˻֣ųʮͷޣλλ񣬻λһλԲģڱץġ
ʱҶ;Щ޳⣬ԲץһЩá
ץЩޣҶ׼ԺԼǿˣԼоġ
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ֻ׾µĻޣЩȻ࣬û׾磬ٶ඼ڻңáҶµ˵
ŷ۾ȴҡҡͷȻֻܲٿ׾µĻޣǼоȥѱƳԲٿ׾㣬ʱԲٿ޴򼴱ҲĶ֣ȫԽͳһ棬ǵĸĿġ
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£Ҷʰ飬ɽһʦˡ
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ЩңҶһ˺ܶԼӿڰıЩܹܿһˣʱλ񾳽͸֡
һºڰҶĽˣЩҶʱЦݡ


һǧʮ 
Ķܿ죬ŹȥûãѾҶ͹ˡ
һöռָҶֱӵѪȻ̽Уʱ˷ܡ
ΪöռָһЩѪһλʦ͸ԼѪԼ֮壬ԼŽλ񾳽Ѿ˿λ塣
ڣҶЩѪ֮иӦ˱õѪҪǿϢȻǸӸ߼Ѫ
Ҷ첻ɵÿ̽ȥȻ͵õһϢǹЩѪϢ
ЩϢҶ뼫ȵ˷֮С
ЩȷͨѪǴһͷѪѪȫԽҶΪ塣
ʲôҶǳԲôޱȡ
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ʵֻҪ壬ôԺλ׼ǿһսˡҶտտ˷ܡ
ڲλ񾳽磬ȻͿԺλһս츳ս棬ԪҲѳһ
ʣΪ֮ʵһӿֲĵز
Ҷ˵ֻҪ񾳽۵Ļôһ׾磬ӭһ󱬷ڣʱʵ᲻ϵߣڶʱڳΪ׾еĳǿ߶˵
ʲô
ҶϸպЩѪ׼ʱͽ漴Ŀ⳯ŽָɨȥһɫҺ塣
ʲôҶ첻ɵò죬̽ȥʱյһϢЩϢǹһɫҺġ
ԪҺӵԪ֮Ч̷ֱ
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Ϊ걦䣬Ѿ𵤣ԪΪһ塣ҲΪˣڽһ㣬ȴǺˡ
Ȼڼ걦䣬ǽչȴǳҪͻƵһ磬ȴңңڡ
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ϸǰⱾ飬Ȿ뷲˵鼮ЩͬģȾǲʵĲͬ
Ȿ鲻֪ʲôģÿһֽһֺɫĽƶɣ¼һɫ֣ЩҶҲʶһֹϵģͨĵԭʼ汾
ϵѾˣܶ˶֪ҶҲз伮ʱſģҲʶˡ
ͨЩģҶ֪Ȿֽʱʡɵúطһ֮£ʱˡ
ʱ䲻֪ţת۾һȥˡ
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Сʦܣһǧˣ׼ʲôʱ뿪ʥǣһɵλɽ㡣
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Ҷ۾ʱ𾪣ʲôһꣿҲǲ㿴ôһ͹ȥˣ
ȻҶ˵һҲָ˲䣬ֵһᣬϾѾʮˡ
Ҷ֮ǰǵ÷ǳԼŹۿⱾʱһô͹ȥһأҲ̫˼˰ɣ
˵ʱʣҶоޱ𾪣ΪⱾ֮мʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨֪ʶЭʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨
Ҫ֪Ҷʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򣬵ַ֮ϣһֱ
ǿⱾʱʣȴַܹĸ˵ֱǲ
ˣҶŻڲ֪ˣڹȥһ궼֪
ԭСʦڹۿʱʰѹֻһһ꣬û뵽ʥھͰⶫˣΪ̫ͣûн׾磬ʺϹۿⱾ飬ǸϽպãԺ׾֮ٹۿʱ츳л׾ʱʱ䷨߿ռ䷨򡣡
ʮʦֿҶеĹ飬ʱЦ˵
ʦҲ֪Ȿ飿Ҷ쾪ȵ
ʲôСֵģֻҪǱ濴صĳţûʱ䷨߿ռ䷨򣬾ͻᱻⱾ飬ϣһһ򣬴Ӷʹ츳ǿ
ʮʦЦЦ˵СʦţۼǧԪҲûгּš˾ǣȻûһһҪ֪츳һһô츳ͻǿˣΪʲôʥʱʵԭ򡣡
ԭˣҶаҡͷԼһ򣬶һǽʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򶼸ˡ
ȻЩҶɲ˵ؿʮʦ֣ʵʦ֣֪Ȿ˭д𣿾Ȼʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨дôϸѵλдģ
Ҳһһѣôдóʱ飬ʵ˭дҲ֪ʦ˵дⱾеһλǿߣʵǳǿ󣬱һҪǿࡣʮʦҡͷ˵
ߣҶһȴ¶ɻ֮ɫ
еһȺ࣬ߴߣ٣һʵǿ󣬲Сߴ˵Ⱥ֮⣬Щ߱ĵˡ
ʮʦֳЩߴ治ΪʵһҪʵҲǻ档ⲻǿЦǱǻˣǻܹΪ˷ۣӶܵߴΧֻܶڰУ֪ʱŻḴա
Ҷ쾲ţ˼ȴǼת
⻹뿪ݴ½֮󣬵һйߵϢ
ʮʦֲһҶӹ˹֪߽Ϣ֪Ⱥ˵Ĳֻд棬֮ܿһ磬һǰδе硣
ҶǳȺߣΪȺ߾һȺʿȻȺ岻ǣһ죬Ⱥ֪ǵǶԵġ


һǧʮ 
ûҶʮʦ֮󣬱ɽˣȻѾȺڴ˵ס
Ҷ죡ҲɽҶ죬ɵ¶Цݡ
ҶǸ⣬˵ɴ磬ǲ˼õˡ
ǺǣһѣúЩѺȺȾ죬¡ˣ˵ĻǾҪ뿪ʥˣϾҲ֪ʥǵĹءװ˰֣˵
֪ˣɴ磬ھ߰ɣҶ˵ͷ
ʦŷ۾𣬵ŷ۾ûлֻܲˡ
ݣ
ԷųԼۣȻҶһۣΪһâֱʣʧ֮С
к˰꣬ٴ˺ѿռ䣬ִ˰ɽ
صִ֮ܲҶžһʱ䣬Ȼչˡ
ϴαѪħǿߴɱʹİѾʱ䣬ҶִúɣҪˡ
Ҷʱչ
ҶԪҺ걦䣬Լ𵤣Խǿ־Խǿ־ǿĺôͲԶˡ
ϧԪҺҵ걦һĻ깥ܻɱˡ
ҶҡҡͷЩź
漴־ÿЦΪλ񾳽ܻɱףô̫ˣԪҲûеš
׾۷ˣһˮ룬׾µĶϣֻн׾֮ڡ
ľ޷ԽܿԽģеţ˺ϡ٣Ҳûж١
λ񾳽ܿԽǼ棬Ҳûгֹǲ顣
ҵľ磬壬ҲֻλһսԽɱҶЩԳ
׾ɲô򵥣С
£Ҷ쿪ʼ걦䣬ȻЩԪҺͻһΣȴܹ𵤸ǿһ֡
ǿˣôٶȾ͸ˣʱһЩڶʱڽλ񾳽硣
λ񾳽磬ҶĿǰһĿġ
ֻҪ磬ͿǰսǿսӶĥԼʵһ۽׾ıǮ
걦仹ǻɬѶԽԽѡ𵤣Ҫٽһȴǧѡ
ǧҶԪҺٴιۿԼ𵤣ȴԼֻ΢һ㣬ûʲô仯вɵһʧ
걦䣬һһϦ֮Ҫȵ֮޾ʱʱС
ʵϣ걦䱾ǸģҶܹǰ𵤣Ѿ츳ˡ
ˣֻҪһɣսıǮҶ漴ȡѪտտ
ԪҺѪʵ
һӵ壬ôҶͻ῰ףʵļӳֲ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪Ҷ𵤣Ѿ˿׵ľʱ˿׵壬ôû׵ľ磬ĳǿ츳ȻԿˡ
񾳽ܹ׵ĲûУһ٣ߴвš
ЩŶڴﵽλԲ֮ټ츳Լİܹף׼սܡ
Ҷڲλ񾳽磬ûдﵽλ񾳽磬ˡҪǵȵԺλԲʱ˵ܹԽɱ׵׳١
ͣ
Ҷ콫ѪͷϿս£ȻתЩѪҺȫԼÿһѪ֮УӶ
˻Ҷһ졣
ЩѪ̺̫ǿˣҷǳ꣬ͺñȰһҽ㵹һҶѪʱһƬģ·һտһ㣬ܡ
Ҷֻţҧּ
أҶ챾ãʼЩѪȻںϣٽҶƲϵ
עһʱ䡭
ʮ꣬꣬ǧ꣬ꡭʱ俪ʼòֵǮҴתۼš
ҶαչأһӾ͹ȥһڰǧꡣ
ʱҶѾеѪȫѪ֮С
Ҷɻǣȴû˶壬Ȼ壬ֻǱ֮ǰǿ౶
Īǳʲô⣿
Ծ
壬ôұӵбȼλ׼壬ڣҵȻҲǿ౶Ȳλ׵壬ǽӽλ׵塣
˵һû塣
ЩѪѾķˡ
Ҷüͷ壬֪ʲô⣬ԼΪû壿
ѵΪЩѪã
˰춼벻ףҶֻõ¼ϵʮʦֿʮʦеߣʶ϶֪ԭġ
뿪ʥǵʱŷ۾˵Ժʲôϲʱѯʼλʦ֣ЩʦΪ͵Ķ״Բ԰ҶһЩϵˡ
Ȼռ⣬ǾҪŷ۾ˡ
ʮʦ֣
Сʦܣ
ͨҶܿϵʮʦ֡
ʮʦԪŽΪߵģֻҪȹ̾磬ҪչأԾܹϵõ
Ҷ콫Լʮʦ֣ȻȴԷĻش
ʮʦָûпǣֱЦ˵ҪѪ壬Ҳ̫嵱ˣҪ֪ѪѪȻֻһ֣֮ĲȴصĲࡣ
Ҷ˵ͷȻֻ֪ͨ׾磬Ҳλ׾磬ȴǷףеߣѾվ۷塣
СʦܣЩ͸ѪʵѾһ飬еɱǿ־Ļ˵ЩѪˣֻҪһѪԻ㣬ͨλףҲסһѪʮʦ˵
ҲΪˣʹѪЧˣ㼴ЩѪҲ޷ֱӵ塣
ʮʦּ˵
ʦ֣Ҫβ壿Ҷ첻ɵ⡣
壡ʮʦ˵ȻЩѪȴûнھֻвϵش壬ѪЩѪеΪ塣
壿ҶԲɵüͷ
˵Ѳѣ˵ҲףҪεսԼ徭һδϴ񣬲ܴﵽЧ
ⲻһһϦ֮Ҳô򵥾Ϳɵ顣
ңҪսЩΣյս
ڣҶȻԺд裬ȴ޷ЩԵս
ֻǰսǿ棬ܾսﵽĿġ
ұҪӿٶȲڰ򣬾λ񾳽硣Ҷص֮󣬰˼


һǧʮ 
ڰͬ޾嫺Ҷһȴǳ׵ʱš
ΪʥǶһ౦βڰЧʷǳߣΪڲϵ
Լһʮ֮Ҷλڽλ۷徳磬սʱࡣ
Ҷ첢û˶أչز׼һλ񾳽硣
ʱڣݴ½ЩҲûиҶ촫ϢˣȻϴεı֮УЩǶܵڵжŵѹҷ׷׶Ŭʵ
תʱš
һꡭһǧꡭһꡭ
ڰ򵽺ԽѣҶоԼλԲܽˣһȴʼȥ·һǽסˡ
Ҷѯˣ֪Ǻ顣
λλʱĺڰʵֻһԵѣǺڰĺģֻҪ츳ãټϱİܿ졣
һﵽλ񾳽磬ôҪ˺ڰˣǾҪݣˡ
ڰĺǧ򻯣ÿһ˿Ҫһһεؽ
ʱ츳ǿҲûãٶҲûãֻʱĻۡ
ͺñȸǷӣʱҶҪһשһשظǣ츳ͱѾˣֻʱĻۡ
ȻҶΪ𵤣ӵпλ׼ľݷҪȱλ࣬ٶҲܶࡣ
ȥʮ꣬Ҷ챻һϢѣӱչ֮س
ϢԼĶͽСģһԮϢ
СͽԴںϵ˻ʵ֮󣬱ҲҶˣԼһ򴳵ΪҲܿ죬Ѿλ񾳽ˡ
ϴδʥǻҶһλ۷װ͹ȥˣ˺һֱûϵû뵽ξȻȡ
Ҫ֪Ҷĵλͱûж˸
СʵܹвˣȻʵ϶λеĳǿߡ֪ܲҺСĹϵȻҶ֣
ҵҪ˭ôţߣ
ҶϵС
˺ܿͨͨ
ʦ𣡡СһյҶϢʱϲɫ
ô£Ҷѯʵ
ʦڱŷƷ׷ɱϴ͸ҵһװھͼˡСż
Ҷϴ͸װǴѪħһλӵ϶ģٶȷƺܴԲСŷƷǰӵ
ŷƷ죿׷ɱ㣿Ҷһ㶡
ŷƷȻϤ֮ǰӶڲʱֻȡõһıŷƷ졣
ŷƷ츳ֻǿֻΪΪԶֻ𣬲ŽӮһֻһս϶ֻʤ
ŷƷԩ޳ΪҪ׷ɱͽС
Ҷгɻ
ʦ֮ǰһͽʶһ𴳵һؾʱãõƾԵȻΪҷֵıȻ͵ϮңΪ͸ҵװҸɱˡʱܽţǴؾҲΣգҸû취顣ΪˣŷƷ׷ɱС͵
ߣɱúãԸˣ顣Ҷһ漴˵ˣôû˵
ʦҵʱ룬ұϾռŷƷϾӶĳţеλˣ϶Ϊ¶㣬Ͼͽȶֵġû뵽ô޳ܣȻ˱֣ɱҡС˵
ߣʲôʦ̳ʲôͽܡҶһʵϸȥ㣬㻹ܹͦס𣿡
ʦǸŷƷ̫ˣҸĶ֣͸ҵװҲֲ˶ãҾͳûһΣյؾһʱҲҵġС˵
ʲôؾҶʵ
޵׾С˵
Ҷʱɫһ䣬ʲôȻȥ޵׾㵨ӲСҲȥ
޵׾ʮΣյؾ֮һΪǲ֪ټԪǰؾһھף֮ʱܹڡ
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ң޵׾ǳΣգ׽ȥΣգµҽȥ
Ҷû뵽СĵӾȻôֱҪˡ
ʦŷƷ׷ýҸûѡ޵׾ұɣȲԮСЦ
ǸŷƷ޵׾𣿡Ҷʵ˸ź⣬ŷƷȻһ㲻ԼбҪһѵ
ţǲһλ׽Ѱңֻܼ޵׾ͻᱻץסС˵
ʲôȻΪɱŷҵһλףôܣѵɱĲͽܣ˽𣿡ҶЩţŷƷҲδ̫С˰ɡ
Ҳ֪ʦǸϻ쵰Ҫ׷ˣҪˡС
ãԼСĵ㣬ھ͸ϹȥҶ˵չȻҵףһǰ޵׾
׼ԦۣǵٶȺܿ졣
Ϊ޵׾ɽʵ̫ԶˣҲҪʮʱУҶЩ
ҲҶ֪ľɵ˵ҶϵܣϵǸŷƷԿ²֪ŷƷ˵ʦŷ۾ĺ᲻ӡ
ҪǸӣͲ׷ɱͽܲˣߣҶߵ
˵ҲԣżϵŷƷԿνԷϾŷ۾ĺ
ȻЩŷ۾Ԫŷ۾ںЩҶҲϣ˶ֵ̫
£ҶͨϵֻҪŷƷϵʽ
ܿ죬ҶϵŷƷ졣
Ҷ죿ʲô£ŷƷЩ⣬Ǻܿת䣬һ˿ŭҶЩĪ
ŷƷ죬׷ɱСҵͽܡҶ˵
ŷƷһ㶣漴ЦԭˣѹСôţȻɱͽܣԭôصϵңҪҷŹҸ㣬ɱ˳ǷծǮ쾭壬ˡ
ҪͽȶͽֵܶģͽԶ񶾣³Ҷ
޶֤ô˵УҽӵϢͽ̰ͽܵı͵ϮɱġŷƷЦ
ҶԱЦˣСʲôԸ᲻֪ǿں˵˻ʵˣԣҶԼҲȲͽܣͽĻ㣬ӵһų֮ģôɱ˶ᱦ飬ŷƷʵǿнƱ硣
뵽Ҷ첻ɵŭˣŷƷ죬㵱ҪΪУ
ΪΣ㣬ҿɲ㣬ĵһţӶĵһţҵҪ˭Ҿ޵׾һս𣿡ŷƷߵ
Ҷ캮˵


һǧʮ ޵׾
صͨѶҶһɭгɱŭ
һԵ׼״ɵ˵ôСӲӣ
ߣԳӶĵһţҷȻӡң֪ΪΣһƺЩԹҶ˵ţЩɻ
ŷ۾ʶûκγͻԷΪζԹޣ
ɱˣҶͽʲôԷҲҶúһ£һӰҶˡ
Ͼ㲻ҶӣҲҪҶ챳ŷ۾ӡ
οҶмǿʦ֣κ˶Ҫӡ
Թһ㶣漴ȻԴ˵ҲˣСӴС츳һֱҪʦŷ۾£ϧŷ۾ǺεῴСӿ϶һֱǰŷ۾ûͽҲˣͻȻ㣬϶ޡ㲻ں츳еģǾעɾͲܸߡ
ԭˣҶԻȻ漴ɫһ䣬ʦ𿴲Ϲʲô£ߣȻҪһսҾһս
СӶһڲȵĵһ߿϶Ҳһλŷ壬ŷĵϵӵܣ϶Ҳǳŷ塣ģڣԷǵսңϾŷ۾״ӣŷƷСӼ㣬ӣߵ׾ԲôܹΪףԷĿⲻ˶ǳΪһŷƷ㡣
ֻװŷƷݣòôʱֻܿɴһ֮ˡҶ
ҶϵģϸǱ㣬ߣȥһǸŷƷ죬ϸ絹ҪѪħ׶ɱ㣬ܱѪħ𣿺ߣЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴۾ϥ񡣶ŷƷһսȻűʤģҲκεĴ⡣
ݣ
ۼٺУ޵׾ڵķλǰ

޵׾ΪʮΣս֮һռǳ֮УҲڰ֮УǶ֮⡣ˣԪ澭λ޵׾ȴȻʼڡ
޵׾һͨľڵܴ󣬱ϴԶȥͷ·һƬڰɫУлǳתԵ÷ǳ
⣬޵׾Ȼܴ󣬵ȴֻһڡΪ̫ǿˣһЩλҲ޷ӲֻһСֻҪΪܹС
ʱŷƷԱ߻һλ۷ǿߣŷʤ꣬ǳŷһλס
ŷŷ۾ļ壬ŷ۾̫Զˣǰܶսŷ۾״ӶսʮЩӡҲˡ
ԣڵŷȻŷ۾ĺᣬѾŷ۾ĹϵǺܺá
ŷҲǳΪŷ۾ıӻǵõ˰ȵķչڶԪǰһλ˲Ǳƽŷƽҡ
ƽŷ巢չĸǿˣÿһԪŷڶ׵ǣЩԪҲ˲λףŷʤ֮һ
ΪŷƷ츳ܺã׾ͱŷƽҿУܵŷصŷĵλܸߣŷ߲ΪлΪڶƽĳš
ңŷƷ첻ܳΪڶƽ³Ϊ״ԲλףҲŷǿʵġ
־ν緢ŷƷȻҲΨ𣬲һԸ
ҲȷŬӶڲȡ˵һһˣʼյǰ棬ķ⡣
˾Ҷ졣
ŷƷϣŷ۾Ϊʦŷ۾ûпȴҶ졣
α֮УüζжŴܣҶȴһδȡʤۺͼʡ
ߣҪŷ۾Դڵľѧܱǿ
ŷƷ쿴Զǿգг˼ŭ
Լ츳϶ҶֻΪҶõŷ۾ڵľѧټϱŷ۾ָ㣬Żᳬġ
ܹݵŷ۾Ϊʦôʵ϶ڵҶҪǿ
ûϵΪǰսĥ֮Ӳλ񾳽硣Ҷλ񾳽磬ҿθҶ㲻ҪǸͽȴƫƫҪǰɱŷƷһƬ⡣
Ʒ죬ҶϾŷ۾״ӣ츳ǷճɾͲŷ˵ǡһԵŷʤ꿴ŷƷ˵Ȼ֪ŷƷ룬ΪףҲܹóһЩ
οҶڱ֮еսΪףҲȻ֪һЩ
ҪбҪ츳츳ĳţ˭Ը
ߣŷ۾ĵӲ٣ŷ۾ŷΰѵŷ۾ΪһӶԼĺ𣿸οͽɱͽܣұ쾭壬ѵΪŷ۾ĵӣͽܾͿɱ𣿡ŷƷЦ
ŷʤһЦһ̾ٶԡ
ΪһףѾϰٸԪˣ˵ŷܹһЩ棬Ųںء
Ȼŷ壬ʱ̫ãЩѾڻʣµĶ֪ǶٴԺˡ
Щ״Ӹ⡣
ˣοŷ۾أ
ŷ۾˲֪ٸԪںЩ֪ٴĺᣬںֻǼ״Ӷѡ
Щ״Ӷףеǿߣŷһս£ŷ۾ĵ֣׶ӻҪס
ʵ磬ʦͽ֮ȸ֮黹ҪܣϾʦͽĹϵá
ҶҲһݴ½ҶҵЩ֪ٴĺŷ۾ͽ޳Ǳ˭Ҫ϶Ǻ߰
ֻŷƷûп͸һ㣬˵͸ˣǲϣˡ
䣡
һ˺ѿռ䣬ңԶķ򣬴ж
׵ۣҶ죬ڵִ޵׾ˡ
ߣŷƷȻҲ֮ͣ΢΢һ˼֪Ҷ죬ʱһĿ⿴˹ȥ
Աߵŷʤһ֮ɫƽǳŷƷ죬Ų˶Ҷ졣
ŷƷ죡
Ҷ״Ϸһ۾Ϳ޵׾ڵŷƷ죬ʱһȵ
Ҷ죡ŷƷͬȵĿ䣬͸ź⡣
һӶĳţһĳţ֮ͬеľ콾˿̱˴ӣĿгɱ⡣
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ΣŷƷһ
Ҷ۾һУŷƷһɨͫ΢΢һ̶Цҵĵԭ֮Ľ׵λ񾳽硣
ҳŷ壬м㲻֪ĸŷ۾ΪܹᲢۣҽ͸㣬ͽɱˣ˭ȲŷƷ˵


һǧʮ 
𣿿ŷľ콾ʦȴǲֵһᣬ
ҶЦԡ
ȻԷӣҲûҪٸԷӣһ˺ˡ
㣡ŷƷ첻ɵ߳ŭȵҵҪʲô£û׼ŷ۾Ҳп۵ʱ򣬺ߣ
˵գһȭҶ졣
ʦ𲻻ῴۣ֪ƽһˡҶһȫɣһȭӭϡ
ڰУҶԳװȫƵƥ
ŷƷҲһװװ٣û˿УȭȭһǿգƵ鸽ǳⷽ綼Ϊ֮
Զ׷˹ŷʤ˵ŷʤ꣬Сһ飬ǾûҪ˰ɣ
ɣʵǷǳһ֪֮ģĸҺ㶯֡ŷʤ꿴׿Ц
˲վţԶս
˵ȻˣʹѶ޵׾׷ɱС׳ɣһףȻ׷ɱһҪǴȥŷ涼˰ɡ
ңŷƷСӲ£ѵҲԸҶ죬ŷ۾״ӣŷ۾ЩƽϣҶǼʦأӦúŷ۾ǼʦֵܿɶǷǳ̵ģǸʦ֪ŷ۸Сʦܣ¾ƽԲ˶ߡ
׵Ļŷʤ̾ҵȻ޵׾׷ɱСǸ׽ŷӢŷƷ׹裬ӻ̣վŷƷһߣҵ
ŷӢû˵ԪŽװɣʵλ۷ǿߣλף϶ʶȴδŷӢˣ϶ԷԪŽ׵ġ
һԪ½ף֮ǰǰȥμӽŻҲ֪ѵúг˸ţԴŷƷȶ׶ӻҪףﶼ»ˣ̵Ҫŷʤ˵
üͷһ壬û뵽޵׾׷ɱС׾ȻŷƷݣͲðˡ
ŷʤˣȻŷ壬ǺŷƷûаϵȻΪŷƷƴǸŷӢȴͬŷƷĹϵףֻ̣Ҫ׷ɱСǾֻŷƷƽԿڲС
ײɵÿԶսʵҲûʲôÿģΪŷƷλ񾳽磬ȻҶĶ֣˫Ĳ໹ܴ
ҶûʩչռֱһȭȭؽŷƷɳȥѪ磬Ǳ
ҵĶ֣λ񾳽Ҳһ֮Ĳ̫ˡȰ㻹ǿֹͣͽܵ׷ɱҲˡҶضŷƷ˵
ŷƷɫǳѿиţȻҲ˵ҶڱǵսϾûۼʶ֪ҶȻǿֵزڶԷǰȻ˵Ĳһܴг˲ʡ
ҪŷƷ֣ǲܵġ
ΣͽˣͽҲҪƴ
㵱ΪҲɱ𣿡Ҷһɱ졣
ɱңܹɱ𣿡ŷƷһǰҶ죬ʵ˵һѪϢ˸ǿѪѪŷ۾շõûŷ۾౦ڻǿ
ߣ㲻ҪΪˣҵȷѪڱǻɱжţͻġأڱǣɱ˼жţҿ˵ˣ㱻ѪħһӵֻܴܶţҳַҲᲢۣҶ˵
ŷƷԱͨ죬ٶԣһҶ죬˫Ʒ֮⣬޾ɱϯǰĿռ䶼ݻˡ
ƽƣ
ŷƷĿޱϬ˫Ʒ츲أҶѹ
սƽŷƽҴǿѧҲ˶Ϊߣվ۷塣
ңԺ֮УŷƽҸǽƷݵ˼ߵľ磬һ˫ѹжǿߣ˱Ϊƽǿ֮һ
ŷƷŷ壬ֵƽأԺ֮ǰѧϰսҵõƽָ㣬ԶƷоܹ䷢ӳǿ
Ҫ֪ȻЩǿ߶ὫԼսŷ۾Ļ𵶵䣬ʥȭȵȣЩǿ߿϶һЩ˽ģһЩսʱľͼɱ׻á
ԣҪЩսӳ츳֮⣬սָС
ŷƷһ˺õĳټϱ츳ƽ˼ߵľ磬ʮ־޴
Ҷ춼ɵЩˣ۾΢΢еѪսĹע֮±ҵĽ⣬ռ֮ϯγһƬܲ͸ĵХȥ
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֮Уӡ͵âײһ𣬱һıը
ƽƷǳǿ󣬵Ǻųƽһлңѹǿߣųɾ
ŷƷԳ֮ѧϰƷټƽָ㣬Ѿ˽ƷĺľҪʶӳʮֲֿ
˫Ʒ츲أѹļЩâһһݻ١ޱߵľƺ񷣬ЯޱȾ׵Ļ֮Χǳȫ顣
ռʮҶ˫Ŀⱬ䣬ڲ֣һֱ񷣬ƥռչֲĵϯ磬ⷽ涼ս
һǳֲ˺ʱճӣӲ˺ŷƷ˫ƣ˫˺ѿΪɻҡ

ŷƷشһȥ
ŶҶ죬Ѫ˫һһ飬˫۶ءһˡ
ϣѷ죬˵嶼˱ıԵ
ƽƵȷϧ㲻ƽҶѪսĵָŷƷ죬˵
ŷƷ˫Ŀͨ죬촽սҶ죬г˲ʺͷŭ
ˣܵҡ
ܴ
Ҷ죬һһ죬򱶷ŷƷ޺޵غ
°ܽԶҲ׷ҡҶЦ
ŷƷ߳ŭ漴ϳ֮Цͽܣߺߣ׼ͽʬɣ
˵գŷʤȥһ뿪˴˵ء
Ҷŭȴûȥ׷ΪŷʤڣɱŷƷ졣ңŷƷϾӶĳţƽɽҲɱ֡


һǧʮ 
ĿŷƷһȥҶɵ޵׾ǰ漴ӭЦǺǵҶϵܣʵԽԽǿˣŷƷ츳죬ֽλ񾳽磬츳־սѾԽλԲˣټλ׼װӽλ׼սˣȻǱ׵ظˡ
Ҷڵʵ־ϲΪҶԪڵĻȻõı겻ߣȴǺҶ֮
νѩ̿Ҷ컹ڳɳʱŸ׺Ľ飬ȵҶɳΪŷ۾ǵʱҶһĻᶼûС
˵ҶԺĳɾԽߣõμֵԽ
ˣ׷ǳ⿴ҶԽԽǿ
츳ҲǿϴڱǣźѪħţһ츳λ񾳽ҲԶԶҵĶ֡
Ҷҡҡͷ漴˵ˣɴ磬ղźλ׽̸ãɴ׷ɱͽСλ˭
ˣ˽ŷӢҲǳŷ壬ŷƷ׹裬Ҫ׷ɱͽܣǹǲܵˣʦ߼λʦԿڲС׿Ц
ҶԲɵüͷҲû뵽λ׷ɱС׾ȻŷƷݣѰˡ
ұȥһˣҶ漴¶⣬Ҳǰ޵׾
һɵæ˵Ҷϵܣ嶯޵׾ɲô״ģ׽ȥΣա˵ѾȥôãڽȥҲδ׷ϣ׷ˣ㻹һλǰͽ𣿡
˵գ̾й涨ֻܸ𱣻İȫҪĳؾǰȥսҾͲܸˣҲΪ
Ȼÿһо޴ǱŶ׼ĻЩҲʱʱ̶̿ЩţĻЩ׼ĻЭЩŻлĥǾ͸ܲвôܼǱԼ
ԣ涨Щǰս߽ĳһؾϴεı֮Уô׼Ļ㲻Ըš
ҶҲ֪ҡͷ˵ɴ磬ģҶԼʵţһλδûʵ֮һսߣŷӢϸԪոսףҾ򲻹Ҳˡ
Ҷϵܣ֪츳죬ۼٸԪҲҵһȼ磬׾ɲСṳ̂磬֪Ŀ¡ʵǿΪһװû޴һλ׶ɱ㡣ھ޴ľǰ츳ҲûãλԲľ绹˵ڲλ񾳽磬ŷӢľ̫ˡ
ԣæѵ
ɴ磬ҲûС׾磬²֪ڱǵʱ򣬾׾ĻޣȻ򲻹ҲɱҡҶŵ
ҡҡͷ˵޿ûŷӢȻףȻҲȻȲװϾףԷӳȫȴܷӳװ
ɴ磬ͷİɣҾ㲻ŷӢĶ֣ѵɱңộҲɱҰɣˣ׼ͬھɱҵġҶ˵
Ե˵ͷ˵⵹Ҳǣɱ㣬ʦ϶Ϊ㱨ġҪۻ̣û˱ŷ۾һ̣ǼλʦֲʦʦǿɶΪ˱ѩ޶ƴŷӢոսףôðΣնɱ㡣
ⲻ͵ˣҶЦ
׿ЦҵĵĲŷӢ޵׾еΣգҪŷӢ˵ŷ۾ϻһҾûǸڰ·ˡ
ͽܶûأʦѵҶ˵
޵׾Ŀ㲻֪ʮΣյĽذе׶ڻû룬ֻΧĻˡңͽȥŷӢͲ׷ˣϾҲ˵
ô˵˵ұȥһΡҶĿᶨ˵
ҡҡͷ֪Ҷ̫ţһ飬Ͳܸġ
ңЩҲֻȰ˵Ҷ죬Ҷ
ðɣϸҲȰˣҲ̫嶯ıУʵڲҲʦǣǿ϶Ӳܵġ˵
ҶԵ˵ͷȴǲô룬ΪҪʦǣǲ̫˿ˡ
ҶҲԼ԰򲻵ѣɲˣԼʦǡ
£Ҷףһ˶Է޵׾ڡ
ããգټֲǿգȺǸһ޴ת·һⷽ涼κβã֮⡣
޵׾
ƬƴĳһǳҶн룬ʧһƬ貵Ǻ֮С
ԶԶҶʧĵطҡͷһ̾ҶϵҲ̫֪ߵغˣ޵׾Դλ񾳽紳޵׾ʦͽνԪˡ
Уҵ棬Ҫһʲô飬ҿɵ𡣡
漴ϵĸ߲㡣
ϴα֮УҶֳ츳ĸ߲㣬ܶ˶صһ׷ǳӲҴ⡣
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׽ӵϢʱһ㶣ΪǳżҶȥأû뵽Ȼôô£
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ܿϧЩǳΪû̫â䣬Դ඼ǡ
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Ҷһ·УƹЩںڰ֮н
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İɣСܲˡŷӢϢ


һǧʮ ڼսʿ
ˣ裬ҪҶСӣǵҽѵһŷƷдһ˿ɫ
Ҷ죿˵ҶǱŷ۾Ϊ״ӵǸҶ죿ŷӢʵ
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ôˣϾŷ۾״ӣǻǲҪΪҲ˵ˣС츳ŷ۾ָ㣬ɾͲСŷӢ˵
Ȼ׷ɱСȴһֱ֪СҶͽܡ
ߣҪӶڲȵһŷ۾ͻΪ״ˡŷƷ첻ĵ˵⣬ΣͽɱͽܣѵһҪ𣿡
˵׷ɱǸСӾҶͽܣŷӢЩȣ׷ɱСôãȻóСҲһǱܴţŷƷһҪɱ϶£С
û뵽ҶʦͽȻһһ츳Ҳ̫˼ˡ
ЩĽˡ
ǵģԹһҪɱŷƷ޺޵˵
ŷӢüƷ죬ôǾͺҶˣŹġ
츳Ҳǿ˶٣Ȼŷ۾ָ㣬Ҳƽָ㣬ŷܣѵһŷƷ԰
ðɣͽҿɱҶ챾ȴܶϾŷ۾״ӣǶǾǲŷ۾ӣƽҲôŷӢ˵Ȼ̣ȻܰŷƷ죬Ҳǰ׳գֽɱ顣
裬޵׾ǳΣգҶҲûпܣ˭ᳶȥŷƷͻȻ¶һĨЦ˵
ŷӢҡҡͷ˵ˣŷ۾ֶ޷̽϶Ҷʲôӡǣ˭ɱҶ춼ᱻŷ۾һʱ֪
ߣáŷƷʺͼʣ漴˵裬ԣϣҶǰɱͽܡ
㡭ðɣŷӢҡͷһ̾漴˵ͷ
л裡ŷƷæ˵˵

޵׾УҶУһϵСȷ˴˵λá
Ȼ޵׾еĻʱڱ仯ǽôãҶҲҵһЩϵʼϵԼСľ롣
ΧһƬȻкܶǳƯ֮УһƬԵúܹ졣
޵׾ôǿȴƽ˾˵һھ˵޾ĺڰԨҲ֪ôɵģ
ҶɨܣЩ档
Ȼûй˫ĿѾԴ͸ռ䣬ܱڰڡ
ҶĿУǰһƬҰɫ磬֮Ưźܶǳһžǡ
ףǣ
ͻȻҶüͷһ壬ǰĳ
һĹâһһġ
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ﲢûʲôô⣿ѵĳ𣿡Ҷǿҵĺģȥ
žӽҶ췢ǵ΢ĹâǴһž޴ǳдģǳܴ󣬱ݴ½ڵǿ˼ǧ֮Ҳǳټġ
Ҷӡ֮УƺֻбǱˡ
⣬ΧһһǣΨһ֮ͬһ΢Ĺâ
ɴ˵ˣòҪ̤룬ҵǽǲҶ۾ǰ޴ǳЩɡ
ܺ棬׵ѻڶߡ
Ҷ˼˰ΣգǺսʤǣǰľ޴ȥ
ǵ΢ĹâžĽӽȴԽԽ
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ڰУҶ춸ȻֹסΣĿ΢΢һǰľ޳ǣдһ˿ȡ
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ͬһʱ䣬ڹ㳡ɫʯ飬ʯ߳һɫľˣһɱ죬ȴû˿
ħ壿ԣЩ˲ǹħ壬ûһ˿ƺĳֿսʿҶɫһ䡣
棬Ŵ󿪣һڼսʿѾ
Ҷոߵ󣬲ûߣǴװӭϣһڼսʿɱȥ
ڰУѪսͶԷսìײһ
䣡
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Ҷɫʱһ䣬ΪӶԷսìܵһǿԼڶڷ顣
ţҶֱӵɳȥǿǱѡ
ôܣѪȻû壬װԱȼλףô
Ҷɴ۾š
䣡ǰĺڰսʿɱɫսì͸գЯſֲҶ졣
һΣҶ첻Ҵ⣬ֱʩչռһݺݵ˹ȥ
ռټ˿ֲҲǰĺڼսʿƽ֣ûܹöԷһ
Ҷ쵹һЩš
һȻû׵ľ磬ȴѾ׵ٶȺ棬Ѿλˡ
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Ҷʱһۼȫ߶ѪӣԼȥ
һ˲䣬Ѫɫĳ֮У׷ĺڼսʿסˡ
λ¶ţҶϲޱȣ˿


һǧʮһ ħ
ѪɫӺգΪһƬѪҶַڣһλλڼսʿû
Ҷʵǿ߶ѪӳҲӵǿˡ
Ѫ֮УЩڼսʿ̶ͬٶȼ˰ٷ֮ʮҲѪӵѹٶࡣ
λͬԴѹǳǿ󣬵ֻҪ棬ܵѹƣӶʵ
ȻΪǿ󣬴ﵽλ׾磬ôѪӵѹƣԵһ㡣
ܿϧЩڼսʿȻٶȺﵽλ׾磬Ǿȴûдﵽ磬ӳʵҲ޽ӽλ׾ѣһѪ֮УʱѪӵѹѹƵģʵࡣ
ѪϣЩһﲻ֪ʲôܲҷһҶѪ֮Уһʵ
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Ҷ˵ͷϾڻûнѪӵȫӳסʮڼսʿУҪǼǧڼսʿˣǱɡ
ǿҲҪϵʵӳУҲֻһߡ
ҶѪϽһڼսʿȻԼȫװȥռչҵĵâѪս¶ǰնȥ
ҶһѪҲѹױڼսʿѹơ
⣬ѪӻһӳҶѪսϣʹĵƸǿһ֣ǿࡣ
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вɵһϲҪħǿߵʬʮ˷ħ֣Ⱥڼսʿǹħǿߵʬô϶ʮ˷ħҲá
Ҷ;˷ܣҪ֪ɫųǿڼսʿôĹħʬ壬ǸûὫʮ˷ħʲô磿
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Ҷ컹ǿѹסҪǺɫųǵʲôЩҪڼսʿвʳ
£Ҷһ߸·һ߿ڼսʿ
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˵޵׾ںܶԪǰǹħһյףרɸħ
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˵ЩһȷɹħǿߵʬɵģҶʮ˷ħֺЧ
ΪǸģѾǴĹħǿʬ壬Ч࣬Լֻԭʮ֮һ
ңһħʵ̫Ҳֻһλ׵Ĺħʬɣʮ˷ħõĳɹܵͣҶͻƵʮ˷ħֵĵڶ֡


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Ѫ֮УҶ컺۾̾ҹưѺɫųекħȫҵʮ˷ħֽ׵ڶ־硣
ȻջǺܴ󣬵Ҷ첢û⡣
Լ׾֮޵׾дһʱʵ϶ԽЩħȫ²ӶԼʮ˷ħ֡
ңҲ֪ˣ޵׾֮У౻ħĺħݣ˵ֱһⰡ
£Ҷ콫Ƭϸ¼պ
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Ҷ֣ҽףȡ㹷ҶԴŭ
ŷӢü֮һ˿ŭɫ漴Цй涨֮䲻ɱ㼴㽫ǿҲɱҡ
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ռĿֱֲ˺ŷӢѹƣ𾪲ѣҶг˲˼顣
ҿ׾簡Ȼܹ˺ҵѹƣôܣŷӢš
Ϊŷ۾ѡҶˣǰСӵ츳ȷĿֲ
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ŷӢɫһ䣬ûĸоһ⣬ЩҶΪˡ
һ̣Ѿûзڵˡ


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ʦ𣬲ùң߰ɣżסԼľ޴ƣСѾˣԶҶ󺰵
ŷӢЦСһֶһ治ɱţϧݴʦ𡣡
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ֻץСľ޴ƶʱһ飬ǿĵâҲ֮飬Ϊ貵ĵ˷ܱߵĿռ˺ѵ֧顣
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ҶԶʱȻ
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ҶԽսһԽսסһ֮ķȴֲ޷ͶⷽƿȨ
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Ҷ죬˲ðȻõѪӵϿɡλһλӵֱ鰵ͶǽҰɣҿԴӦŹͽܡŷӢ̰ضѪ˵ֻҪõѪӣôʵȻᱩǣλ׶ܹһսˣܹսʤһЩλס
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˿̣ҶѾСսԼ֮УŷӢвȻŷӢĶ֣ԱˣŷӢɱ
ңŷӢҲɱϾݰŷӢҪͬھȻܡ


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⣬Щײɱ㣬Ѫ߻ǿԵģһλġ
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ЩжԵ򣬶ͽǶǷǳӭ֮ġʷϣѾвûеߵаͶ˵жŷ۾һλ״ӣǱͽɱˣӶŷ۾ŭһս
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¶Ѫӵһ̣ҶѾ˺ʵѾȣһλκβλףҲɱ߻һףҪɱҲô׵ġ
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ŷӢƽȻȻɾâסˣǳҵŷӢһѪֱۣ˼飬
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ҾͲţŷӢ״͵ش߶嶼һ߼ɣͬһűǿյľˣȫ¶ǽɫӿȣǿ͵ΧĿռһƬ飬Ϣѹضڶ
Ѫӱ֮еҶ죬оһս֪ŷӢ¶׼ˣʶ׼ǿȷڿԿġ
ѪӵҲǳǿԵסŷӢİ֮ӶסеҶ졣


һǧʮ Σ
׼岻ǿӲ͸ǿֲһ̫ϵô̧־֮䣬ܻһǳƥ
ŷӢ˿̾˿ֲҶǰֱһֻϣѪӱҶ߶γһƬѪŷӢҲֻ൱ŷӢһֻô
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ŷӢһֱ̧һֻţҶһŲ˹ȥ
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ͬʱѪϽѪ֮еʯȼգΪʵҶ죬һѪӴ߶

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ŷӢĿҶԶȥȻгʣŭȴû赲ΪҲס
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ʦ𡭡СʱҲͨյϢǵؿҶ졣
Ҷ˰֣һ˵õģˮڣѪħλװɱ£ѵȺࣿ
߰ɣ뿪˵أ·˵˵⸽һЩа״ڣСĵΪ˵ŷųۣҶС뿪˴˵ء
֮Уټ̸
׳˵Ϣй¶϶кܶаգѪӣɱҲ˵
ҶҲףôף϶ÿ˶Ǻˡ
Щ׶㲻ģ̫ãǾֻʣһĿģǾԼʵ
ֻҪΪʵʲôܹóʷϾвǿͶ˵жڻԾš
ЩףԪʵһ㣬Ǽˣʲô鶼óײΣյġ
෴Щʵǿףλǣ־ᶨһЩ໹ѹԼ̰˵λףԼλѪӵǵҲǺܴ
ΣյĻЩλףλǵ󣬶ҲѪӡ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ЩλҲ£ɴڣЩλҲûáߣҵʵЩλ׸޷һɱɱҡԣǾٲģҲֻܸɵۿš
ǿδأȫһЩλ׺ºֻҪõһλˣһҲòѵ
ҶһݣæͷлɴѣҲһ㣬Щλ׶ҵв̫СֻҪ΢һ¾ͺˣҪģЩλףǵʵ̫ǿҸ޷ֵһЩǿģɴҲֵˡ
׵˵ͷ˵׾֮ÿһĲ඼ǳ޴ȻڷԵֵһλףһЩǿλףܹ˲ɱҡ
׵ĻҶ˳˼


һǧʮ 
Ҷ˵ɵĻЩλףΪѪӶǵǿ
λѾλѪӶǵҲСˣǸûҪΪһλ͵Ҷ죬ǵŷ۾һ
ֻЩλףЩʵ˾ͷҲ޷λ׵λǣʵ޷ʵˣֻ֡
ѪӣҪѪӣԳΪڶѪħףλһս
ұԪ޷Ҳġ̾Ȼӵǻ̫ãҲһĥ޾Ĺ¶ֻǲܹ⡣
ҶƶǶص˵ͷȻҲһٶˣĺܳʵԲûиоٹ¶
ȻΪʱ䶼棬Ըоʱš
Щλףޣ޽ĿܣֻͣĿǰľ磬ܲ
ʵϣܹΪ׵ˣľܸߣд״֮ˡΪ̫޷ľܵʴЩħŭԹ֮¡
Ȼӵ޾ʱ֮ȻºۼҪǵҲܹǵľɳ
һ죬ǵľ֮ʱ޷ٿԼǿֻħ
ԣһЩ̫ãֵ͵ףΪ˲ħѡҷӡһʱ䡣
ҶѾ̤λ۷徳磬ԲҲԶˣҪ˶þλ񾳽磬ʱܹǰսôЩ׶ҵвûˡ
սһĵֻµ̤룬Ǹ޷ȥǷףҲ޷̤ս
ʱ;ڰɽڣҪ
ãҶ˵ͷʱҲûгȥıҪ
СҪȥģϾĵ·ҶǲͬһζرչҪȥ߶߶ǧ쳾֮𣬲߳ԼĻʵ֮·
ȻҶװСеĸ׷ӡˣĻǸŷӢȻҵġ
ͬʱҶҲСԺСĽһЩõ͵һЩŷӢץסᡣ
ŷƷ죬խϴһսҶ죬ŷӢɱС϶ȥС鷳
ڻصɽ֮ҶСȥˣڰɽڣΪаɽ۵ĴڣλˣҶҲ޾塣
οҶҶųפڲԶ
ʵϣһǷƽ˾
Ҷٶȱչأڰ򣬳λԲ硣

ҽʣ˳죬ȵϢռ䡣
ɫľʯ棬һΡŻ棬ɢһӴϢܵĿռ䶼Ť
Ѫӣ
ѪħǼһʵңѪ֮󣬾Ȼλס
ѪȻ㲻϶λλУҲĵŵģܹõǿ϶ȵѪħ׻Ҫǿ󣬾λҲ޾ˡ
ͨŻ

¼ŵУһŹƯǿ֮УΧȻûΨһš
ϣˣ˾ǣЩ˶û֮һ߶ûУͨķˡ
ϣȻȴʶ֣򣬵Ļ֮硣
ҹһ˽УһԾİ׷̧ͷǿգĿһâ
ѪӾȻշˣһλ񡣡
Ҷ죿ŷ۾״ӣǱŷ۾еţ츳Ľ
׷߷еëʣվǾ¥ȻһֱͦˣϢһϯա
¡¡
ʧɫ޹⣬
һ̣ɽһѿķ˱ͻָˡ
ȴ֪ⲻֻ֣һλй¶Ϣ
Ǵ׷ߵȥ˲ҲЩķǣܿѵķǡ
ֻҪ֣˲ܹıһУһλף
ûг֣ǵĮؿһУ˲ҽбû˿֮ͬɫҲûв֮ɫֻһɵĮ˼ı顣
ߵǿУҲҪߣҪǿߡ
Ѫӡ
һҪõ
׷˵գ˲䵭ȥʧӰ١
ֻܿѵķǡ

һƬ棬վʮӰϢǿƥ캳ء
һӰɢϢǿң֮Уֻ¶ֻӣͬħһ˲֮ӡ
磬ټкҪ£
һλ׶λȫ˵
ӳȥɱһˣֻҪɹҸһһλ
ʲôԣʱ־ϲ
˵磬ʲôʱ֣
Ӱ˰֣˵ȱ˵Ȼֻλ񾳽磬ͷСһǶ֣»ܵı
磬ǸսʲôΣûֻҪһ£Ǻʮ޵Сһ˺
ӵ˵ͷ˵ãȻκΣգһɹҾλףʱȥսкξ壿
磬εĿǣ
ɽҶ죡

ŷӢɢϢɢһ֪µаǣʼˡ
еѡ֣еѡʱеͷ
֮һɾ޴ΣӽҶ졣
ӽɽ

ŷ塣
ŷӢŶŷƷ죬ЦƷ죬ѾյϢаѾʼˣҪ˶ǾͻҶ췢ʱСܵġ
ŶŷƷһϲɵʵ裬֪Щ׳ûλף
λײ֣ѪӶǵ󣬶λѾеĸ߱ˣҪǸҳ֣ҶǼʦֲԹۣҲҳ֡ŷӢҡͷ˵
ŷƷʱһйСʵǿڸǶڰɽڲλ׳֣ɱ
ǺǣɱСЩλףܹΪ׵Ķǰ׳գολףǿ϶ȫļƻ֣ͷİɣҶξ㲻ѪҲס
νƥѪɲСӿӵеġ
ŷӢЦ
Ҫַа׳־ͺˡŷƷ˵
İɣ򲢲ȱףǵбȻ˳֣͵ſϷɡŷӢɭЦ


һǧʮ ƿ
ɽִܲ
һҶϥȫĵزźڰͬʱ౦ϣӿĲٶȡ
ȻȥˣҶʼ޷ͻƵλԲ磬·һأһŸסˣ޷ټǰ
أҶһ˿꣬ʼ޷ͻƣеᷳˣеˣƺһɻڡ
УҪħˡ
Ҷæѣǿ־һ˿ոյħȻ۾һ
ټˣĻҪ߻ħˡҶµ˵
Ҳһζؿޣǲ֪ѹôᱻƵ߻ħġ
ҶʱĺڰѾһƿͻƣǿȥֻ߻ħ
ֻܾͻƵλ񾳽磬Ҷ޷ǰսʼܵЩа׵в
ԣҶҲЩ
ұͣһͣˡҶ컺̾˿漴뿪ӣ׼ʱ
ִõԱ˺ܶ࣬ΪϴεİɱʹõжڰɽļϸĲˣǵҲɶˡ
Ҷûʲô£ҲͲᣬ׵סȥ
Ҷϵܣѵأôˣѵͻˣոյִ׵סһϤڶ
Ҷ̧ͷȥѾվǰЦŶ˵
ɴѵҵľ𣿡ҶԿЦ
ƿˡҶȥԶ
ʵϣѾҶľ粢ûһ㣬⼸ıչأǹһˡ
֪Ϊʲôһʼ޷̤ҶЩƵ˵
Ц񾳽ΪλλλȻ񾳽磬ȴľ硣λ񾳽磬е۷徳磬ҪУȻôס
츳еġ
˵ţҶ죬̾ҶϵܣڲŶ󣿲ʮɣ֪ϸҵǶ̤λ񾳽ģ
ɴܹ׾磬ֿҪλ׾ˣ츳϶̤λ񾳽ʱһ̰ܶɣҶ˵
׵츳ɱŷӢǿˣѾﵽλ׵Բ磬λ׾ֻʣʱˣײŻôǿ󣬿Կһλס
ʮʱ̤λ񾳽ġҡҡͷ
Ҷʱ㵡
̾Ҫ֪ܹ̤֮λ񾳽ģһһţʸ׾硣Թͺһ̤֮λ񾳽ģЩˣɶųߵľʡ
˵գ׿Ҷ죬ЩĽ˵Ҷϵܣʮ꣬Ҫλ񾳽磬ֱ˼飬һû˵;̤뵽λ񾳽硣
ŷƷأҶ˵ŷƷѾ̤λ񾳽磬һУΪߵһˡ
ԣ¶м֮ɫ˵֪ѾһʮˣҪôʱ䣬ƶλԲˡ
ԭһôҶ컹ǵһ˵ŷƷͣࡣ
ߵһʮ̤λ񾳽磬ҲһˣǿŷһЩ֮İ֮²̤ġ츳ǲ֮ǰ̤뵽λ񾳽ģ츳㣬Ƚ޳а֮ǲһ
ɴ磬֪ԪҲʣڲʱˣŷƷ컨ôʱ̤λ񾳽磬ʣµʱƲλԲ˰ɣҶ˵
ҡҡͷ˵λ񾳽ƿȻѣһ̤뵽λ񾳽磬ôһ㣬ֻλʱ΢һ㡣ңȥսкܶԵģʱ練һЩǲصġ
Ҷԣʱսڴˡ
ֻһ뵽λ񾳽ƿһơ
ҶϵܣڵĻۻ̫ˣ˵ĲʵڷĸѺڰ󺣣ôλ񾳽һӣĺڰҲֻһСϪѣ㻹Ҫۣܻ۳ɳӣʱȻȻؾܽλ񾳽硣˵
ڼڰ򣬶Ҫ߻ħˣô죿Ҷ˵
ţǼˣڰҲһҪչؿޣԳȥ߶߶涼Ƿ򹹽ģֻҪϸȥ۲죬ͻֺᷢڰ޴ڡЦ˵
Ҷжʱһ⡣
ˣҪһַʽڰ
ˣ˵ȥɴյЩа׶Ϣ𣿡ҶȻʵ
ȥ˼꣬Ща׻ûг֣ҶеЩɻѵЩһˣ
ٺ٣ЩһܹΪףܲأЦûмʱ֣ΪûаգƶʲôƻҪô֣־һɱ㲻Ҫ⡣
΢ͣƬ̣׼˵ѾյϢѾкüλλжˣȻû֤ݣЩһһֱڿޣͻȻ֮жʱڣô϶ˡ
ЩǿߣҶ
ħסħͺʮȻһЩڰеģҶûз֣в٣ϾѪħ׵ܴҲʹѪܴ󡣡˵
Ҷɻɴ磬Һ֣ѪħײλΪô󣿡
ΪѪħ׵츳λ֮жĬĬŵһͻȻ֮ƾѪ֮ܿλףһոսλףһ¡
ܹΪ׵ĶɵӣѪħ츳ǿȴܹӳôɵӶܲµõѪһɶõλˡ
˵
ԭˣҶȻ漴Ǽǿߣʱ˵֪ʲôʱ֣ҪǵĻһ޾壬һϵĻǾΣˡ
ٺ٣ЩħͷĺܣǲŲͷһƶһĻŻ֡Ц
ҶЦôоھ⣬ʱʱ̶̿ľǵвڣҶ뿪ɽôڰ򡣡
ͲһȥֻҲԵġ˵
ͨ²У÷ֳһ˿УǷֳһ˿Ԫ˺ܴ󡣡Ҷüͷ
ȴ˵ֲսֻҪֳһԪˣҿóҶϵԪǿ󣬶λˣֳһ㲢ʲôáңʱ㻹ܽںϣһ
Ҷ˵ͷͷֳһ뿪ִã뿪˰ɽ޼ʵǿзȥ


һǧʮ ǿɭ
Ҷıִã뿪˰ɽ޼ʵǿա
ҶǸڰûгɽڵĴ󣬶ǿԼк˲Ƹ·
һ·ϣҶ첢ûκεĿֻ꣬һ򣬱㿪ʼ
Լٶ꣬Ҷ쿴һž޴ǳ¶Ϣоú棬㲻ɵ÷˹ȥ
˺ܶ࣬Ƕ飬żˣҲʥģۺʺܸߡ
ҶûпشһƫƧĵطȻȺ֮С
ԶһΡԺ丮ۡΪ׳ۣſվʮλ񣬻һȺǾۼԵ÷ǳ֡
Ҷ첻ɵ˹ȥ
ιֵܣҲӻͰ¹ȥǿɭֵ𣿡Աһλ񿴵Ҷ۾һʱʵ
ҶתͷȥԱ곤üĿ㣬ͦΣһƲʵһ꿡ܡ
ۼſڵԼһٶˣλ񣬺ʮλʣҲλһɲС
Ҳ𣿡Ҷ쵭ͷ֪˭ڰɽڵ¼Ȼųƹǰɽ۵ĳ
ҶȤĻǸǿɭ֣Ǵǿеһ嫵ɭ֣ǳһյء
ɲǣԱߵЦЦ˵¹˳Ư츳ֲѾﵽλ񾳽磬˭ϲ
ʲôϵҶԷ˷ۡ
ֵܣͱװˣ˭еķֻ񣿴ҲҪûӽ¹νˮ¥̨ȵ£˵ãͱ¹أٲã˽ҲǵһԵĵؿҶһۣһ㲻ҪװӣŪҶ
Ҷ쵹֪ǰɽ۵һ׵ܵܣɽذɽϷ򣬺ų
ҶִʱλҲЩص֮һȻûҲ˵仰
λ¹¾ŮˣҶ찵뵽
ιֵܣ˵ôãһ֪أҽΣҶλ񣬵¿϶ᱻѡУǿɭҲǵ֮أҵʱҲһӦ˵
ҶЦҽҶ죬ҪҪûȥǿɭĥһ£ڰ¹ҿɲһ֪֮ġ
ιֵܣ˵û֪֮ˣԿЦ˵ҲԣҵΪûа¹ߣܹңֻҪܹɢ˵ҲһԵ
ҾǰԤףɹˡҶЦ
ʱΧȻҶζʱתͷſڡ
ֻһ׷ͯյߴӸ߳ɫ䵭Ŀɨڳ˸еһǿѹ
λԲҶ찵ͷĸ֮һˡ
Ҷ쿴óѾֹһԪˣѾûн׵ǱֻһӱλԲ硣
ʵϣ֮УλԲǿߺܶࡣ
ΪÿԪĩڣкܶλû׾磬߲ҳ׾磬ӶжĻ֮
Ҳˣ޷׾硣
ǱϾ˺ܶ꣬츳ٲ»ҲλԲ硣
ҲһλԲаɽɽҲвλԲǿͶ
Ȼ֮һ
Ҷ֣λĴܼң˳ƷϡһԵ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ
ʱλɨһۣ漴Į˵Ȼ˵أҲ֪ˡǰ¹ǰòŽλ񾳽磬ոȹ̾磬׼ȥĥһ¡һ򲻾սѡǿɭ֣ǵ鹫һ𴳵ǿɭ֣һ·ǵջԼģ⸶ıꡣ
ȻҲǿɭֵΣգÿʱ˺ڶ
˵
ڳ˶ûг֮ǰѾˣҪͲˡ
Ҷ쿴ڳ꿡ܣǳŰ¹˵ģĵҲ
ϼû˵Ǻãֻ׼ѡһˣ༸ҲνǾһҵǼݰɡ
˵գڡ
ҶһȺȥ
ǸŷϵǼϢȻ㱻ŽһԺȴ
һ¥ϣҶںȾ졣
֣˵ôһ¸ֲ֪ж٣ΪλҪȺɢ¹һȥǿɭ֣Ҷʵ
ЩɻƣͲȱ˱£αȺûʵɢޣ
οȺɢ˭֪ʲôȻҶǼݣŪٵݣ˭ҲҶԼŪһٵݡ
ȻֻǽҶ죬ϾҶҲ֪жٸֻҪˣ˭ᷢҶʵݡ
Ҷ֣Ϊ㹫ȥǿɭ֣Цһ漴˵ʵʱᰲһ֧УȺɢޣǱ˼ҵڻõġȻҲĸԸϾҲǵһλԵ
ҶԶʱȻ
ǻȡ谡
ʧ̫ЩɢޣڻңԼԼʧ
Щɢӹ̫ˣܹ֮лùͣ߱¹أǾܹûԵ
ңɢǵӱǴյأԱԴ
ûεҲȥһЩյأĶ飬ǷӰȫһЩֶֺΪأ
ʱúܿ죬֮Ķͳˡ
Ҷûλ¹һЩһҾ޴ĽɫսϣҶ򱻰һɫս棬һɫսֱڽɫսҡ
վڼװϣǰĽɫսɵƵϧûܹ͹ͬһսԵһ
ҶƳһۣգˣɵ˵İɣȽǿɭ֣λսģʱͼˡ
˵ҲԣԶʱҶ
Ҷżװܿȥ
һٶɢޱΪֱɫսϣͬʱÿһɫսϻһ˵ӣλ񼶱λ
ڰ¹ڵҽɫսĶĸ֣֪жˣÿһλ񼶱λ񼶱ɢޱΨһܹɫսˡ
ǿɭһûȥȥʶһ£ܹͻƵλԲ磬ǾͺˡҶ쿴ǰǿգɵ뵽
ͬʱҶʼǿɭֵϢǰ׼
Ҫ֪ҶֻȲ˵ûЩǿֻɵģûбǱѪǿ壬ʵࡣ
Ҷ첻κεĴ⡣


һǧʮ 
ǿɭյ֮һǳҶ֮󣬺ܿ͵õ˺ܶϢ
кܶյغؾ޵׾ʮΣյؾǹ̽ġ
ʮյ֮£һЩһյأǿɭֱ֮һһ쳣ΣյĵطͨǲŸҽȥġ
ǿɭַǳӴռܹ㣬һô
ǳǿ֮УһÿľǳߴеıһҪö࣬Щǳֱӹ棬𺳡
Щľ˵һЩʷǰ֪ΪξȻ˶޷ĥ֮УֱȡҪ
˵ЩӦͿԳɾˣΪٶȣɵԿһλӵеˡ
ǲ֪ΪΣЩûеǣڵֻܹ裬ս
ȻΪЩӴʹǵܺãһЩλ޷ƻ
Ƭǿɭֿ˵һ澰
һЩʵǿޣȴϲסƬɭ֮УƬɭַǳΣա
νޣһЩ޵飬ǻ۲ߣϲɱ¾Բڶܡ
֮⣬ǿɭ֮лһЩϡٵʳȻûǣȴƾ豾ܸӦڵӴӶɵ顣
ʳֲΪαװûһضӣ֪һòʳʱȴѾˡ
֮治У
صҶ첻̾档
ʵǿɭصطкܶࡣ
Ҷ׼ԺսĥһҪúõһ򣬿Щĵط
¹ĶУսգһɹϢĺԶǸߴӭƮư硣
;ǣһͣפ̾
żһЩսԶԶģϿҳײ
ЩǿǿǣͱսһɹϢˣû˭Ұ
ǿǿȻ࣬һЩ飬񣬺ǿԸǿ
ΪѾһǿˣֻҪԸȫԽһЩ壬ûҪǿҪӶӶǵ׷ɱ
Ҷ֣ĿǰٶȣƻҪһٶִܵǿɭ֣ȻشվˣأεԱߴ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ȥɣҾڼװϿ
漴봬ա
Ҷϥڼװϣǿ澰Χֹһˣвɢ޺ʿҲڼװϡ
ǰգֺڰҶ˫Ŀ˸ŰɫĹâ·𿴵һŴɫĴ
ȫɺڰƶɵһŴÿһ뷨İ
ĺڰܲǿգΪһ֡
ɴ˵ĲڰȻ޴ڣҶǰƺЩڰ뷨𽥸ֳһЩâ
ûпȥڰ򣬶ȥܣҪԼУΪڰһ֡
սļٺУһſǳ˦󣬺嫵ǿգޱ޼ʡ
һʮҶǰһƬȻ·һǽסǰĺǿգǳ׳ۡ
սýһЩҶ쿴ǿɭ֣һÿþͨ쳹أ֦ܴ֣ܺҶգһЩǳҪ󣬷ǳľӾС
ڵˣδӴ
ǰһÿþǳҪö࣬Ҷеǳ棬ľǵһμ
Ӧˡ
ִǿɭˣҶս׼սϣһλ˵
һɢ޶˵ͷ׷Գսףó
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λǹ͸ǵģǸл顣ʿ°ͷ޾뿪ˡ
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ȥһֻȣȻڼװտζϣһһ㴫ʳ󶯡
Ҷ֣ĳաγҶе
ҶŽĿ˻лһ˿Ծ
ԾĲǰ¹ļǸңȻûбǸᴩ
Ҫ֪λλһܻһˣȻƻһҡ
ҪǾɣ°ȫһһ˿ۼ
ЩķҲ̫ˣǳ֣ԽǴݻٵ
ңҶղϸ۲һ£Ǹʿǰγ֮󣬾Ȼ޸˿ڣһӾͻָˣǳ档
ЩǿֲҶһ߳ſ⣬һ߸̾
ȻڴʱȻ̧ͷǰɫ΢΢һ䡣
Ӧ֮УһȺƵǿ֮бڣٶȺܿ졣
Щ޵ӣڱԵһͬһȺ


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ҲʶҶҡҡͷ漴˵ȻҲʶɱǰǳﱼǶӵޣ϶쳣ͣΪ˶ӡֻȺӵޣŻᶮԶ٣ŽҪԣضȺӵޡ
ֱ̫ˣҸղôûз֣Ҷ֣̫ţˡһԵ֮󣬶ʱ֮̾ɫ
ԱߵˣҲ¶𾪺ͣΪǶףҶȫȷ
һЩ֮ǰҶˣ˿Ҳ˼ɫҶĿ⣬Ҳú;
Ĺ۲ϸ´ʲô֣㼰ʱ֪ͨҡģĹһʵġؿҶһۣ֣ص˵
ԱߵɢԣʱһĽʺޡ
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һΪǣҪ¹ļһˣҿ޸Ⱥӵģ֮ǰֻûзǣű¹һɱġ

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Զ˹ȥȻʯĺ濴һڵĶڣٿΧĹ죬ԼԼһĹͷһаȻ˱档


һǧٰʮ ״Ĺ
ʳͷǳɱȾ޴ޱȣԭֻʵĵɣ˿̾Ȼ¶һڰĶѨȻһĹ
˶ʱ־棬ȫΧ˹ϸۿ
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ʲôھͽȥһܹ̽ŪһʲôǾͷˡһԵղҲ˷ܵ
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϶ʱһ㶣漴̾Ϣһ
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ûʸӵУһЩĵرıǾͿռݡʱǾ׸游ɽۣ̻߰ᣬҲܻô˵
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ҡҡͷɱʵղ裬˵ʲôıһδܹɱǣˣϢͻй¶ȥǾ͵òʧˡ
ǾͷһЩôɣЩģҲֻˣϾԱЩλҲƽ֮ˣǶбģӴɱˣҲ
ҲҪ̫⣬Ҽǵ游ɽ˵һ仰˵̫̰ˣûк³ģʱܹͺá·ָЩһЩʣµıҲ㹻ʵ֮ƣӦҪ֪ˡ¹˵
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Ҫ֪λԲǿߣղŶʧڱ֮С
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ղǴ˿̶԰¹־裬ĳ֮Ҳ侲˼׷׶İɱڡ
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ˣղȴҡҡͷָŲԶһɫսЦĹϢйǴҶб䣬ȻɵýϢй¶ȥȺɢޣһǵˣûеõѱвԹޣʱ϶ὫϢй¶ȥаɽɽе鷳ǿ鷳ʹˡ
Ҫɱڣüͷһ塣
ҶؿһĻһԵȴ̲סŭȵʲôǣǽ񣬿кܶ˶֪ҪһزȥҲѴ̡
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޳ܣŭǰżô˵жʱŭ졣
Ҷɨղͷһۣ漴Σ˵汾ǿʳǿΪ㶼λˣѵ𣿡
Сӵǿ͸ٺ٣ղɭЦ


һǧٰʮ 
ҶĻγĬˣֻһ˫ȭͷյýģȭͷ¶Ȼܲġ
һԵղм֮ɫûҶǷλˣʱɱֻǵ»ҪڻңϾ˭֪״Ĺ᲻ʲôвɲҴ⡣
ϿҶΣ˵ҲӦһ״ĹļֵϢй¶ȥǶӦ֪ҪٵѹԣҲǲòˣ˵ҲһֻҪǻŴͿԼ
ߣõĻԵοɳܲ𡣡Ц
϶ʱüͷһ塣
ҶһΣʾ죬˵ãͬ⡣
Сʶ࣡һԵղߵ
ʱ˵ǲҪģȻǰ棬ΣգǲԹ۵ġңʱǱֺõĻһһЩҲûаһˡ
ʱ첲Ťȣ˵ʲôʲôҲûʵ
һ˵ȴκһЩûٶˡ
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æ˵Ÿոսλǧ֮ûҪðգʹڴغղ蹫ǽȥɡ
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ϣ˰ɣε˵ͷ漴ɨܡ
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Ҷ֣쿴һͻȻԱߴε
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һҶ֪Ĺ˵ȷһλףΪ֮ȥϢһ˿΢Ϣ
Ҷ쾭״һֶκսȻ׼ϢϤ
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Ҷ˵ǳһ̽ϾҲܺ棬ҪǵõǾٺòˣȺһ㶼ûзֻһҲȺˡ
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Ÿɱ֣Ÿ֡
ɱѪɫģ·Ѫдģɱ죬ֱ͸˵˲ֱӡ
Ǻɫģͬħ̶ɢϢ˿һ۾;̤˵
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а׵ĹأһҲҽȥֻܵȴһ̽С
ðɣղ˵ͷҲԼС档


һǧٰʮ ʳ
ϡղǿĲһҶһɢ޽빬֮ʵûʧǴ˿һͥԺһʯ·ͨǰ߰ٻʢгеϵԾţɫǳ
Ҷ֣쿴ЩһȻˣͻȻɵؿź󷽡
Ҷתͷ⣬ȻַϺղǴ˷ˣֻһЩغڴſڡ
ߵĺܿ죬ƺʲô¡
֪ҶҡҡͷҲЩɻ
ǰϺղǻЩȲҪֻǵΣգͷڣǲŸսǾˣЩ
ⲻҶ飬ֻ״ĹȤ
֮ڣҶַԼѹˣǳ׵رѹסˣ޷ţֻƾ۾ۿܵĻˡ
ۿȥһͥԺеʬɽѪӲһסĲһλħף֡
߰ɣǲãʲôǻմˡҶ˵
ε˵ͷЩڴ׵Ĺأ϶ʲôö
һɢʯ·ǰԿǰһЩݣԺܺ棬ȥһ
߽һʱЩǸʲôˣɵ˷
Ҷ֣쿴ǵң϶λĵطȻʲô鵤ҩμָǰһ˵ҳǰȥ
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ţҶæסΡ
Ҷ֣ʲôôˣҪȥˣµҩûǵķˡζʱˡ
Ҷ˵һλħ׻ôѵҩǰɵؾ͵õ𣿡
⡭ζʱˣǵһЩģ˵ҲŪˣⲢһλħ׵ĴĹأ
λ׵ĴĹὫԼı㽻ˣҲе㿼顣Ҷߵ
ҲеǰȴԲģϾǿһλƵĵҩ˵͵쵤ǾͿԽˣ
ţξԽˣԽ಻סеĳȣҲҶĻͳǰĵҷȥ
ԼֲˡȻн֮֮꣬䲢ʶҲֻ㵽ˡҶ쿴εıӰ˵
ûҶĻ˿˫һƬŵҷȥ
ϾҶסһȵɵſڵʱǰЩɢѾɽȥˡ

θȥͻȻľ󣬶ʱѣеѪҲȥֵȥ
ЩǱ˿ڵϷ˼ͷ
ҶӰǰ΢΢ɻ㿴ʲôأ
ˣˣҿȫڣ浽ʬ壬һ˶ûСһѪɫĻǻʢľȻһֲĹˡЩ״Σ˾֡
ڴ˵ңȥҶ˵ǰȥ
СġǻǸϽ뿪˵ذɣæ˵ھʣˣҶҲ棬Ĳ֪ôˣ
ֻǣʱ·ȥȴʱˣ漴
Ϊǵĺ·ѾˣֻʣһƬҲʯ·ʹˡ
Χлڴ˵ţҪ߶Ҷ
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Уڵӵ룬һ޴ԣһѪɫĻķǳʢ
ʱǶ仨ͻȻˣǶҶ죬¶һſֲĹѪᣬ죬Ŀģ˱
ȻҶһȣгѪ⣬ǰľƺˣֻ鵤ҩл͵쵤
ߣƾջҪףƾԼ츳͹ˣ͵쵤ǰҶҪҶһ
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ŹѪþҶЧʱ߳ŭǻĹݺݵضҶ죬˻
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ǿľ񹥻ѹ˲ЩɢޱϧѾ𵤣Ԫ񿰱ף㾫񹥻ûκôҶ΢΢Ծ漴ɽƾɾ񹥻Ҳκβ
˿Ѿˣ仨ӦǴ˵еʳ񻨣ʳеĴڣóþ;񹥻
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ҶʱѾڣڵȷһңΧļڷƿƿ޹ޣȻװҩġĵҩҲмֵģеĶҶûãһɨ
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Ƕʳһ˲ɱȺɢޣλ˲ҶֻһλôܻܻţһǶʳ񻨡
ξɵʱӦÿˡ
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˭˵ҵΪλˣֻ㿴İˣղſĻþʱ۾ĲʵġҶ쵭Ц
һ㶣漴˵ͷ˵Ҷ˵öԣĿǳ۲ʶ̩ɽҶǰԷǵвмһˣظǷɡ
˿̸еǳңǰʶҶ죬˵õЩˣֻȺɢһˡ


һǧٰʮ ҩӤ
Ҫ˵ˣϽ£ɣλ׻һ࣬ȻûһĵҩҶһ˵ţһ߳źļȥ
ǰļĵҩȻҲЧûá
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ǰ汻Ҷ첻мһ˵ĵҩЩƵĵҩôܴ󣬶
ҶȻܲ⣬ȥ˱һˣõıܶ࣬ڵұһ׶ҪȻ㶫
źļӿȥҶڷһֶõĵҩˡ
ƷԲλ׵ţ⻹ûаһˡҶʱƿҩһһٿţɵ¶Цݡ
ʱ˹ɵɻҶ֣ǸλײĵҩλǳȥҲᱬҿ㻹ǽЩƷɡ
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ðɣεص˵ͷҶѾɲˣЩƷʱϲ֡
ȻڻʹЩҩǼȥҲֵ٣ҴԺλ񾳽磬Щɶܹõġ
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ѾǣһˣҲҶҡҡͷ漴СӤŵĴ˵ҩӤʦڴһµһĵҩδػᵮǡһǣһµͨʵĺڰֻҪѧϰҪȵԪ֮ʱ׾磬Ϊһλס
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ڣȻֻʣһЩҩҺҲһЩڰҶΪ
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漴ҶһԻԼϥ£ʼЩҩҺ
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Ҷ쿪ʼЩҩҺȻܵһӿȵĺڰĺڰȻȱ˺ܶ࣬ҲԶҶǵڰǿ̫ˡ
ĺڰ򣿹Ȼͬ󰡣ɴ˵ûĺڰֻһСϪҵСϪѾǳ׳ˣϾͿԽΪһˣʱҾͿλ񾳽硣Ҷ찵뵽
Ҷ˿̵ľȫĺڰ֮У·ڰеһ㣬˷ܵεš
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λԲ磬ˮˡ
ֻҪٸҶһЩʱ䣬Ҫ˶ãλˡ
ôһ츳񡣡׿Ҷ͵Ϣɵ̾漴һĽʺޡ
û뵽Ҷķųȥãˣͻƿ
ǿ츳ǳĽ


һǧٰʮ ͺ
ɽ
ҶչصʱյŮ´Ϣʱɫһ䣬漴иһĨϲ
ԭȥǿɭ棬ϷţټһȺҲİΣû뵽ȻһĹأǴԵֻҪõıʵȻһ¥Ϊɽڽڻĵһ
Щ˷ܵ˵
һĹصļֵɵӶ֪˳ȥҲᱻλ˵ǳء
ôܲ˷ܡ
˰ǰǿɭ֣ܿټһĸ֣ǰǿɭ֡
ûдϴΪ̫עĿˣһ˷ˣڶ
ղǲ룬Ҳ֪ͨղ棬˫һǰǿɭ֡

ǿɭ֡
״Ĺ֮ڡ
Ҷ۾âһһǿϢ֮Աκɳȥ
Ҷ֣ϲͻơæϲ
ҶЦЦ˵λ㣬㵱ʱſ˵Ҳ
ĺܸлΣϾʱû˵Ա¹ûһ˿ȥģȻҲͲ
Ҷ֣ǧô˵ҪڣˣﻹڵĻԵæ˰֣ӸлҶ죬ûҶıͺȺɢһˡ
ǺǣˣǼɡĹһλʦһףӵеı϶ܶࡣҶЦ˵
ǷǳɺͿģΪѾλԲ磬ֻҪʱ䣬ȻȻؿλ񾳽磬һжˮɡ
ֻҪﵽλ񾳽磬ôͿǰսʱʲôаףвˡ
սʱʵѾ̤λԲ磬ʱ츳ټѪӵĿԽףҲη塣
ãӦһ漴Ҷߣ֪ҶʵǿǽҶ죬ٵжˣϾղȺȥɢ޾ӡ
ѾչϣҶα뿪˴˵أʯ·н
Ϊ·Ѿʧˣֻѡǰߡ
Ҷ֣쿴ǰһӡ
Լ˰죬Ҷֿһӣ͵һĹģ
ҶĿȥӵҶдšá֣ʻԾɢһĪζ
ã治ɣЩ˷ܵ˵
ûҲ֪Σտ϶еģ֮ǰǶʳ񻨡Ҷ쵭˵
̲ס˸뵽֮ǰʳ񻨣ʱеһ¡
ǻ߰ɣС˵ջѾܴˣѾˡ
Ȼˣôֶܿ飬ߣҶһǰȥ
ιȵңæȥȻܺ£ûҶĻԼһ˸ȥ
˺ܿǰҲǿŵģȴûҽȥͷ档
һʱһ㶡
ΪȻϥһͺߣҶεʱ򣬶ʱ۾һ˫ɫӣ˸Ĺâ
ˣڵȵˣСӻϷѾܾú˵ˣֻҪϷĵĸˣɭЦ
ȴûҽȥҶ죬˵Ҷ֣ͷΪҿ͸ҲλǻǸϽ뿪ɡ
СӣҪǸ뿪ĻҾǡͺ߶ʱŭȵ
βмƲƲ죬ߵҪܹɱǵĻͳˣȻ㱻棬ȥ˵Ŀɶԣ
㡭ͺ߻һͣû뵽Ȼθˣʱ߳ŭ
һԵҶЦ˵û뵽㻹еȻˡȷڱ˽ƣֻж
ٺ٣ϼһһ֪Ǻö˱ô꣬жĻͳǳˡκٺЦ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴汻÷ͺߣ˵ɲҪСͷһλλԲǿߣҪǼɵҵĻӣСҲס
ʲôһʱæ˺󼸲𾪵ؿͺߡ
ͺɫһ䣬ĿҶ죺Сӣ㲻λԲ磬ȻôԲѡΪϷɵ㣿Ϸ򲻹̫û˵ˣҪǻǰϷˡ
ҵҪһֶˡҶЦһȻֱӿ粽߽ӣԱߵһ
Ҷ֣㲻˰Ͽξ
ͺҲһ㶣Щ˼ؿҶ죬֮ɫСӣ㵨ӲС֪λԲ磬Ȼҽ
ҶȤȡãҶ쵭˵
õͺЦͳ⵨ӣֻҪܹϷһƣϷͷһ룬ָǳȥ
ʱˣ滨ΪҲ֪Ĵ㣿㱻ڴ˵أҪ뿪ֻǡҶߵ
ҶǺεʲô㣬һ¾ˡ
Ȼͺɫʱ䣬漴۾һУɭȻСӣϷСˣϻ˵Ƚһơ
δ䣬Ѿһڿգþ޴ɢһɰϢնˣҶͷϿѹ¡
ͬʱħǣһӡ¶ֵססļҾߡ
һƣ㻹䣬㻹ǽһȭԿҶЦһҲӡȭǰ
һ˲䣬䣬ĽɫȭӰ˷۶һɫĴȭͷâ貣ѹ硣
¡¡
ҶһȭֱӺ䱬˶Էһƣȭû˿ͺߺȥ
ʲôͺɫ䣬ȻҶ첻ͬ죬û뵽ҶʵȻǿ
룬ͺæԼλס
䣡
ɫȭͷݺݵغĻ棬˶ɳȥصײǽڵ󷨱档
ۣͺ̲סһѪǰĻȫ飬޴ȭڣ嶼ƻʮ֮һش
ŵصҶ죬㵽ʲô磿
λԲľ绹𣿡Ҷߵ
ⲻܣͺߺ磬ôܱһҪǿ
ӹŵĲ࣬ߣҶЦ
ͺһ㶣漴ƺʲô󳬼ţӶ磿̻ᡣ
еǰɽִõҶ쵭˵
ԭִˣ۲ʶ̩ɽˡͺƤһæ
̬ת֮죬վſڵζ˼顣


һǧٰʮ շ
ִ֮λɲܹͨõģǵϵĳţֳŵʵɲܹģȻԷλԲ磬ӳʵȴǳǿ
οͺλԲʵȻܹóҶֻһһôǿôжô£
ͺһƬȻ
ҶҶ֡㣬ִ˿̣վſڵҲӦˣ۾ɵϴš
û뵽ǰҶ죬ľλ˵еʵ̫ˡ
ҪȺһ֪ǱȽˣǰɽִǻᱻֱ
Ǹ˵ֻ㲻ŰˡҶ쵭Ц
Ц߸ϵִɽƽƽĴȻһҪܹţ
ˣ˵˵ɣʲô֣λ׵ĹأҶ첻ΣĿתͺߣʵ
ͺʵˣҶѯʣæ˵κԴʮԪ֮ǰħץ˵أáȷǵħĹأΪͻλ׾磬Ƴһħûͻƾ磬Լ˶ѾˣѾʮԪûˡ
ħ棿Ҷüͷһ漴ѯħϢ
ܿ죬ڵħϢҶǰ
ħһλǳϵλ۷ǿߣҲڶаеһԱʵĻһڵ֮
ħǿ̻ܵ룬ֻǵħ治ԸܵԼԾ;ܾˡ
ħ֮ԳħΪа񣬶Ϊ̫ԵħϲһЩħҩȻҩЧǿǸúܴ󣬲֮ϲ
һЩħǿߣȴǷǳϲħƵĵҩΪЩҩȻЩãǷӳȴǿǱɱˡ
ħ滹Ƿ񣬺úõһλףȻΪ̷ԼƵĵҩҲߵˡҶҡҡͷ漴ص
ɲζҪΪףãȻԼҩˣҲǧšͺκԴҲһ̾
飿ħ滹ɵ˰ġʱ˹ЩĿɿڴ
ҶЦЦ˵ħ˳ԵܹΪʦأʬܹһλĵҩһǺ档
Ϊ֣ǰͥԺеҡá¥Լһҩ԰ͥԺͻῴһֱĹأաܹĹִܹĹңҲǵħ֮ءκԴ˵
ι¥ʲôǲǻһһǿ߿أһԵ˵
¥ŵһЩؼǵħԼռġκԴ˵
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ЩûãλħмֵģʼǲŶ԰ɣ֪᲻ڱ¥档
϶ᣬʼǿ޼֮ŵġκԴҡͷ˵
ԭˣҶ˵ͷ漴ĿɨԱߵļӣЩ涼ڷŸָȫӡˣɢŵĹΡ
κԴ״ɵ˵Ҳ;żħšˣħΪܶƹҩӵеܶࡣ
ҶҲܹµõΪʦǳУҪƵҩҪѴǮУ⻹Ҫǵ顣
ЩǣƵĵҩȼܸߣҪĴҲܴ
ͨЩ׶͵ħ潻׵ģȻҲеһЩϡ䱦
ԣħļҲܴǰͥԺ֮еģֻǵħһСּҲ
Ҷ˼ʣµĶԼˡ
ѾＸʮԪˣϣܹҳȥֻҪܳȥһţĶ顣κԴҶΪҶҪ뿪ɵæ˵
̫̫ˣȻԶĻţû˸˵ֱɱҪܡ
ҿĽƣֻ㲻Ҫ̫ϣǵħϾλףµĽҿ޷⿪Ҷ쿴κԴ˵
ħûҵ£²̫½ƣҡκԴæ˹ϥҶǰȫſԼ
ҶһָκԴüģǿ־ԷڣһӾͿڵ
Ҷ룬ʱĨɱκԴɴ˿ɼκԴĵӺܴ󣬻˵Ǳ̫ˣԸҲټȥˡ
ף
ȻҶ۾һУ΢΢
κԴ棬ȻһƣƵǿֻǿﵽλ׼ֻܸպÿκԴ
ɴ˿ɼħȷûκԴ¡
ҲԣħץκԴʱ˻ûг£ԸûκԴλ˾һơ
Ϊ̫ķѵҲܴ󣬵ħȻκԴϺķ̫ҲκԴɡ
գҶЦ˵ܺãҿ԰⿪һ²½ƣϾ˭֪᲻ᱳҡ
ֻҪܹ뿪˵أԸһӸκԴæ˵һ㶼ںҶ첼½ƣΪܹҶĴҲкô
ãҶ쵱κԴֹһƣʮ˷ħֲֹģ󷨵⣬ס
ʮ˷ħǹֶΣ־ѧõķӡλ׶ѽ⿪ҶҲ͵κԴԺᱳˡ
úý֮Ҷͬʮ˷ħֺ俪ħ沼õĽƣֻԼõĽơ
ˣڿ뿪˵ˡҶ󻺻³һ˵Ͼ⿪ħ沼õĽƲôɣķ
л֮κԴڽƽ⿪һɲǾ͸ܵˣʱᶼˣڴ˵ؼʮԪڿ뿪طˣֱǻ
ˣȥ¥Ҷ˰֣漴κԴ뿪áʯ·ľͷȥ
ûãǱ㿴һͬһľ޴¥壬ӦþǱ¥ˡ
κԴű¥ضҶ˵ⱦ¥ͷǿ޿أÿһͷʵ֮¡
ħ滹ܲٿޣһԵ𾪵
κԴ˵ͷһλշģλױȽóƸޡ޺ޣΪħһŵҩͰͷ޵ķ͸ˡħҲûжȤϾͷλԲ޶˵ҲֻһԺԾͷ￴ر¥ˡ
׽ԦʦǱʵͲټԼٿصĸǿޣһǺǵģصħҲԸλԦʦƵҩġһԵҶ˵


һǧٰʮ 
޾ʱ˵ֵǮһЩ츳ףܼ׷ʵһЩû츳ףǾϲרĶ˵ĵȵȡ
Ԧʦеһ֡
Ԧʦı츳ãΪǿʵǱרгһЩٿޡޡ޵ķʵȻ
ҶûмԦʦΪ׵٣еԦʦ͸ϡˡ
ԣ뵽ǰı¥һԦʦµıжʱЩ档
ңշͷޣԺ󽻸ҶңҲܹΪҶҵĻ
ҶȻҶǿˣǱϾԪĩڷչģڲûλԲǿߣȲϡ
շͷޣټκԴλԲôҶһӾӵλԲˡ
ĴְҶһӵ׳
գҶκԴ˵ȥͷȻǣסһʣµҡ
ǣκԴæͷȻΪһӰ뱦¥û˿η壬Ϊһ˲һǱס㹻ˣϾλԲôɱġ
𣡡
κԴ¥治ãһŭĺ㴫ˣҶ쿴һӰӱ¥κԴ
κԴãӴҲ˳һŭޱȣɱڣ׷κԴɱ
˺󣡡Ҷͷ˵һ䣬Ѿͷޣһ̽ޱߵľֱӾסͷޣʣµһͷޱκԴǣסˡ
սޱȣΰ𾪡
ͷ޶ǿ󣬼λԲ֮УҲǶĴڡ
Ҫ֪κԴȻＸʮԪ⼸ʮԪҲûţΪԽ󣬲оսʵλԲ֮дڶΡ
ˣҶһɱˣϾҶڵʵޱȿ¡
ʵκԴǸҪǿĶࡣ
ˣκԴսͷޣȻ·磬ƵκԴЩǱˡ
ɴ˿ɼͷжôǿ
ҶҪΪͻƵλԲĻ⿿һ»ĺκεͷޡ
ҲϾͷǱԦʦصģץޣȻץץǿޡ
ʮ˷ħ֣
Ҷڿʼʩչˡ
һ޴Ľɫ⡱ַɳޱߵ貽ҫ۶ĿĹⲨɢһǿǰͷѹȥ
ռȻǿռҪǹǿһ֣ͷ޲ҲˣⲻҶҪģɲҪͷзϵޡ
𣡺𣡡ͷŭѣƺܵ˾޴вȫ巢⣬ȻһҶһ޴ĳţȵĻ档
䣡䣡
֮ըѣƥʱϯȥֲķ籩ݿһΧĿռ䣬һƬս
𣡡ҶɫޱȣѸӡһɫġֳ֣ԽԽޱߵӿȣһɢصסǿĻ
ңǸɫġ⡱ּȥͷ޵ͷϿգѹ¡
𣡡ͷ޾ϵŭţȴѹƵſڵϡ
Ҷ쿴һ֮󣬱ȥһ԰κԴˣֻ֣Ըһͷޣܿͽշˡ
ʱͷ޻ΪâʧԭֻʣһԲεķ̣ͷ޵С͵ɢŵĹΡ
㽫ܿͷˡκԴ˵дһ˿Ľ
Ҷ˵ͷܿ˷̣ͬʱһɹڷ̵Ϣգʱ̵ʹ÷
Ҷ콫ͷٻ
𣡡ͷ޴һҶԣûйҶˣſҶԱߣؿκκԴƺֻҶһ£Ƿ
˼ϧַ֪̣ĻǿץһЩǿҶҵĻҶЦЦ漴ͷޡ
˼ǰУκԴĻǰ治Զһҩ԰ĵرһء

Ҷǰҩ԰;УѾһȺˡ
Ϊ׵һ˹ޱѹһ֪ǳλˣ
Աߣֱǰ¡ϣղղ裬ȻһȺղҵĸˡ
һˣλԲǿ߾һٶ˵ǿޱȡ
үˣʱۿȺɢ޽ȥ֮ʧˣԲ̤롣Ϲض˵
۾򹬵ڣ˵һþˣȺɢδػ϶ΣգҲܹ⡣
˵գλλԲǿڴ˿أһ˽ȥ
һ״Ĺ֪ΣգҲԸΪֻ̫ѵˣɵӲŻ
һڣʱҶԭڵͥԺڣΧĻǶԵúܳԾ
үǵĺ·ûˡһͻȻ˵
˻ͷһȻҲҲˣ涼ͥԺûһ·
˰֣˵þˣǾʯ·ǰ·ϻȺɢ޵ϢҲմ·ǰеġ
˶ΪףȻκβͬ
ǰвãǾͿ˵ңȺɢһǶޱȼ˹ȥϣܹõħĵҩ
ֻǣǳһصʬ壬ʲôҲҲˣĵҩҶɨˡ
үȺɢ޶ˣǶ˲䱻񹥻ɱġһĸּһʬ壬ɫ˵
һ˲ɱôɢޣҲλԲʵܹõ
Ϸ룬㿴Щɢ޵ɶԣԿһԵķϡ
ϸɨɨϵʬ壬漴۾һУҡͷԣˣ˹Ҳʶڽǿɭֲֺͱ뵽սϡ
ԭˣλ񾳽磬ЩӦòɱ¶ʱ뵽Ҷζˡ
ҲиΪδؿóһԵղ˵
ҡҡͷ˵Ȼ̤ս൱Ȼϸ۲죬ҿԶ϶ֻλ񾳽磬һԲд
ˣҲֻãһ٣Ǽǰ濴ҪǻţȻ˵
˵ǰС
úá
ֻ˵ҵһξûжټˡ
Ȼ֮һһʬ嶼
ҾСӸɵĺ£֮ǰȺɢ޵ʬȻڣϵƷȫˡ棬ǣ˭ղҧгݵ˵
һ·ҺãȻһﶼûлãβŭ
ħȻף¿Ӹˣⲻ׵ϰߣҲµҩ
ԣ²Щ϶Ҷθչιˡ
ò˵Ĳ¶ˡ


һǧپʮ Ҷ
һ˼ǰÿ˵ɫǳѿϾôãʲôﶼû
úǵִﵽ¥ȥһͬǰú͵ңȫһչˡ
¾ɫϷ룬㲻ῴ˰ɣ۵һãǰ¥ûзȻᱻλһѶˣʵ𣿡
ү಻ῴۣαװģ׻𣿡ϿЦ
ҲЩˡ
ȺɢޣֻʣҶ˻ţЩȡģǻ˭
һһǡղݺݵ˵
ûǸ£ߣߵ
˰֣ߣǼӿٶȣҪǺηʥ
һ˶ʱӿٶȣǰȥ
ʱҶ졢ΡκԴˣѾִҩ԰
ӿȣɫӿһҩ洫ͬɾ԰
ҩ԰ĵرһϡƷеǣҶǵŵöˡ
ݡѪ찡ûпӦһԪſһλɣؿҩ԰ĵر
ЩĵرţԵħͷˣһػǿºѽȥκԴ˵
Ҷ˫Ŀ䣬ǰɨȥʱһ޴󷨣ҩ԰档
󷨺ޱȣɱ죬ǳ¡
ȷһػһһɱ󡣿ħҩ԰ǳӣƾһλˣ޷ȥҶ˵
ԶʱʧԵ𣿡
ǰȴܻãʹ飬Īڴˡ
ǺǣֻҪ󷨵󱮣׾١Ҷ쵭Ц
۾һ˵󱮿϶ħţֻܴĹҵħʬС
ǰĹˡκԴָǰһ·˵
Ѿʯ·ľͷǰһֱĿһǧ˲СĹһƬɫ֣御ͷַ·ûоͷ
Ҷ׼Ĺʱ򣬺ͻȻһɹǿϢ˵ע⡣
пˡҶ΢΢һЦ˵ȴûתǼǰĹ
κκԴתͷ󷽣һȺ˺ƵΪ׵ļϢǿǾѡ
ȫλ񣡡βࡣ
λ񣬹λԲһٶʣҲλ۷弶ǿߡκԴҲһ
ǰ»зϣȺĪĸ֣ͻȻȺеİºͷϣղ衣
κԴҡҡͷڴ˵̫ˣʱɽûУȻ֪
СӣȻ㣬콻ȡߵıȻ˵ؾǵ֮ءղԶԶؿΣʱ׹Ⱪǣŭȵ
ȴ˲Զҩ԰ʱһϣ˿ϲ
öĵرϡ䱦϶ҩ԰Ļ
ҲһĨȣҩ԰ֱӾҶˡ
µȺҲޱȣûзͳҩ԰ˡ
ףǡ´ʱչ˵
ջȵĿ⣬Ҷ˿ȥֻҶıӰȻһλԲСӶѣһɨĿֱκԴϡ
ףȻһλԲǿߣͬҲλԲǿߣһ۾ͿκԴΪ磬ʱ¶֮ɫ
һ˶ѣû˿вһԵղŵ˵ϾελԲһٸ֮࣬ѵκԴһλԲ
ϣʵϷ룬㲻˵ֻôһˣһһλԲ
Ҳ֮ǰǵ֮УԲû෢֣ʧְæ˵
԰˰֣˵ˣҲһ˶ѣ¡
ιСӣûҵĻ𣿡ʱղ˴ȵ
ߵΣʲôƾʲôҪѵõıｻǣѵĹɣ
Ҷ˭¡
ʲô
ڰɽɽ۶ҪҶƽƽһҶ
Ȼֻλ񣬵ʶеġ
ղԲȻŭݵĿΣСӣȻô˵˭ĵӣԱߵͷҸ㣬ˣλԲǿҲҿ˭ܾȵ㡣
СӣҴ˶ûŻ㵹ͦŵġκԴվ˳ǰ˵
ںһҶ˭¡
ǶԷ׼ĸ֣Ҷǰ
ϼһλԲΣʶĻǸϽǵǿһղκԴϾһٶλԲǿߡ
õκԴ۾һУⱬ䣬ղȥǾһСҽ̸ΪϷ򲻸ն𣿡
Ļһǰ
ѣСЦ֮档˵ȷֵģı̫ðɣ˵
ǷֵģκԴЦһȷֵģΪǱǺ˵أ
һ˶ʱ
һԵղߵûϻҪôҪôԼѡɣ
ĬȻȻǲЩ˴ű뿪ġ
ƾҲɱǣκԴм֮ɫ
ղ۾΢΢ɭȻЦǶԼˣҲգǳһ֣ǾûתˣǱɡ
ҵҪɱҡڴʱһκԴκ洫
ҶתˣĿ⣬ضղ档
һλСһҼ֣Ҿɱһ顣ղҶˡԲѡʱЦ
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ﵽ׾磬ԽһЩһЩЩɲǵĵڶ壬ӳǳӽ
ȻַҲ󣬰ɽۻôԪҲһһʧˣ»
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ۣΣôΧĹӦÿԱƳҶ˵
ɽ۵˵ͷ˵˺Ǻηʥ
ڰɽۻʱһɫƾһλλԲǿ֣߱ɱˡ
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һǧپʮ ռ
ɫͬһںڰ֮еɱ֣һһţĲ˼飬ɽۺҶ춼ֻܿһڹ˸
ǷӦʱΧֻʣ಻ĽŲռڻصţƺڳЦǡ
ôĵӣɽ۲ɵòȻŭԷɱˣȫһ㶼
ۣ㻹Ƚս֮аɣҶ˵ɫҲѿ
ǰδ֪ĵˣһλλ׳ڵǿߣѵֵ˼ֱһ
ãɽۻ˻֣ûеֵսԼУȻҶ죬˵ҶϵܣֻҲɡ
ҶıԽ౦λ׳ڵǿ߿ⲻܣҶ˵ֻһһûκεܹӳʵޣҲͱǿһˡ
ˣֻһҲûʲô˵ġҶҡҡͷ˵
ɽ۵ٶԣɨܣǿ𽥴ҶҲС
ڴʱյֻ࣬ʣҶͰɽˣһŲˡ
Ų֣ǳĹ죬ϵؽӽȴʼձһξ롣
ң۰ɽۺҶ̽飬֪ŲǴﴫģ˷Ļ
һΣѵŲܽǹôģΪıǸеţȻšɽߵ
Ҷ۾һ˵ۣȻǿֺα۾ȥǱ۾ȥܡ
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еħ˿¼ķıԸλ׵Ĺע⡣
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ĵ伮֮пռļأһǳ壬ӵĿռƺͺڰƣտռ䷨ͺڰ򣬲ܹϡ
ԣÿһԱµɱ֡
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пռĺڰƣҶھڰģһõڰƣٶȻǿ౶ġ
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ҶϵܡɽƺҲǵǰռĹȨǱˣ϶̡
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ʲôҶԲŵؿɽۣĶˣɽ۾ȻͳҲ̫˼ˡ
ǺǣҶ𾪵ӣɽЦЦ˵ⶫȻһϸ֪֮ҸûʸӵֻҶϵš
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ҶǷ°ɽһĶˡ
ǺǣҶɽ硱ɽ۶ʱЦͻȻãһνףһӢһξ
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һҶɳΪеߣŷ۾Ĵôɽõľ˭
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һǧپʮ 
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ôܣҶһ漴ҡͷԷǷӵ׼ȻԸӦĳ
ռ츳ͨڲĹϵ鿴λ׳ڵľ磬ô˵ˣ˶κβɽ۸̾
ôǿҶæѯ
ܿ죬ͲѯһЩڿռϢ
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ҶϵˣǺǣɽЦŵ˵ͷ


һǧپʮ Ϯ
һԼڵ壬Ҷ췢ޱȵǿռǿĿֲ
ңӵкڰƺͿռƣҶ΢һºڰͿռ䷨򣬶оǰ˰ٱֱ¡
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ӵкڰƺͿռƣʱռͺڰ֮УǰɱͻϮɱ֡
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𣿡Цһ
һ̣һɷǳֲϢӺʮ洫
һͷ׷ߡ


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׷һ飬˫֮͸ȴޱȵɭͿֲǿһ֮Խɰǧϵܿͳ˵ǰ
֮е׶ʱɫһ䣺ǰħһаһˣ²Ϊ˶ȡѪô򵥣ûɱ㡣
λ۷弶𣿡Ҷɫʱ
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ԶҶɫҲ˱䣬ƴ磬ȻͰħ˹᣿
ǶͬһĿģ̸ʲôᣬõѪӣҲֶԸ˵
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ĿԶֹһλλ۷ǿߡ
Ҷ࣬סǵģɣƴźʮɱɱֵ߶֮£һɾɱǿն
һҪȸղŻħ׵һ֮Ҫǿö࣬ϾղŻħֻһʮȴǿһ
Ҷ಻Ҵ⣬߶˼ޣֻ޴ʱâɣһԵķ֡
䣡
һݺݵڹ棬ֲһ𱬷ΧĿռ䶼ˣǳ˲䱬飬ǿնڶ
һ֮£궼ɳȥ
Ҷе˾ҵ𶯣վվȣ˵ɫ֮࣬ɫ
֣ͳôЩɻ
Ҳ鵢ˡҶҡҡͷ
ڴʱɫһ䣬漴ŭҸղյϢѪħħǿڸɱʮλţͳʱ׷ɱǣȻѾϹˣҪһʱ䡣
ͻȻ֮䷢飬ô𣿡ҶЦ
׷ŭԶİħͻħףҧʮܱ򣬰ħͻħпܣǿ϶Ѫħħǿ߹ûͳ죬ǿɾΣˡ
Ҷɴ磬ͻΧɣ¸ѡͻΧҶǻסеһˣǼر䡣
ͻΧ׿Цλ׳ڵʵħһҶӲס޷ͻΧ
ҵѪӣӦÿԵסҶ˵
һסأЩԥ
ҲܱҪã֪ͨһͳ죬˵ھͻΧǻ͵ʱһЩҶ˵
ãȻˣϸһѰɡҧҧ漴ͷ
ͬʱҶϵҶųҶ磬ҺɴͻΧϣܹסһˡ
ͻΧҶԶʱһæ˵ҶϵܣɲҪɵ£Ȼ츳λ۷ǿ߱ԶˣһסͻΧֱģͳϾ͵ʱЩ˱ɡ
ͳʱˡҶ콫׸֪ϢҶų
ʲôȻ飡Ҷɫһ䣬ԭ֧סͳȴˡ
ǾͻΧٻһ˿ϣϣ㾡סħͻħףΪʮҵѪӣҲɱңа׾˵ˣǺܿѾ˵жˡҶ˵
ãСĵ㡣ҶĬƬ̣漴ͷ
ͬʱҶഫƵƴ磬ħ׺ͰħѾ˵жϣܹҪǽһ𡣡
ǸҲûյκϢĹ˵жһڲûС˵
ƣ㡭Ҷһŭ漴ҧҧ˵ɣ֪ĿֻѪӣ˺ҶϵֻܵҪԸ͵Ϯһ°ħ߻ħףұûסǣܹסһʱ䣬ʱҶϵǻѡͻΧܹܲõѪӣͿԼıˡ
ǻѡͻΧֻһţЦ㱣ֻҪȵͳܱסѪӣһͻΧܹӳԶ
ҵģԲƭ㡣ңҿԸ㣬Ϊħ׺Ͱħ˵ж飬ͳ쵢һʱ䣬޷ʱϵ˵أȻΪҶϵǻͻΧҶ
ƳĬƬ̣漴Ҷ࣬˵ͷãһΣ׼һ£һ͵ϮħףҲûһΣпܽͰħһס
ãһΪҶʱϲ


һǧپʮ Ծ
ͺ֮Ҷʱı󷨣Ϊ󷨣ڲȴѾóһɱһ㶼ȺʮĽɱ
ϾʮҲֻɢеǿߡҶףӵеԴɲǺܹġ
Ҷ׼һеʱ򣬱֪ͨ˺ơ
һװżսһߺͻħ룬Ϊ̫ˣԻħҲ
ڴʱֵһڿ˻ħףװŷһҶ࣬ʵĿɱħ׵ġ
ƣʲôħڷ˲ԾϧѾˣִ֮䣬ֻǿֵ֧һ˵ľɱһ
ͬʱҶඪ°ħڵľɱ¶Żħ׼лȥ
һǳڻħײִ֮ģʱյķǳá
ڣƣħŭŭڣôҲû뵽ƻͻȻ֮ɱ֣Ϊ˶ȡѪӣҲҪ˹Ҷ֮Żᷭڷ̫ˣֻҶһ֮
ƣʲôԶİħҲһƺҲûϵôͷһ˵֮ͱˣվҶһߣͻħҲκβҶǡ
ǺǣѪֻһעҵģ붼롣ƴЦԼʮֵܣԻħ׳֣ʹûħƼأʵʱ
ħٲæҾҪˣʱҲõѪӡħŭʹ޺ƣʹްħΪ԰ħʵ԰ȴѡԹۡ
ЩаױǷǳ˽ħΪ˵õѪӣʵаͲûħˣҲҪһȫʢʱڵĻħף˵Ҳá
ħȴĻħһ֮뿪ˣʱֻʣһˣǾͲҪָõѪˡ
£ħɱҶ࣬Ϊħ׽Χ
ûѡɱƣǵԼͺܾˣʱ˵ǾҶˡ
ѡȴҶˣһߣһ󣬰ѰħѾ˵ĻħС
Ҷ࣬ʲôΪܵסǣһʱ䣬ǲסħ˵ġħŭȵ
ߣħ׷عţʱҲƵ鷳ֻܰŭйҶϡ
ǺǣסһʱѾ㹻ˣҶϵܣڿˡҶЦ
ʱһ۴֮˳漴Ӱ˳׺Ҷˡ
׽ĿԶĺʮɫޱء
ҶǴװѪΧ裬ΪһѪɫ⻪ǳҫۺͶĿ
Ҷ죬ԲˣѪ־ڱصáȻģǲɱģϾԺɾͲҿɲϣһǿߡ˵ҴʮֵΧ˹
ߣƣΪͳԶ𣿡ߵ
ƳһףЦɰɣ֪㣬츳ѾҪλˣλףҲҵֵܵĶ֡
˵գƿҶ죬˵Ҷ죬ҲҪѪӣֻΪ˱һ¡ҵģȱ˳һỹġ
Ҷ۾һУܹܵƵϣΪʱ򣬺ԶѪӣҪ˵Щ
ҲųǵԺıϾƶѪӣҲͿһλףȵҶԺǿˣɱǳɡ
£Ҷ쵭˵ƣ˵ģ֮䲢ûκιϵΪʲôҪѪӣ
ҶҲʲôϺˣѪǿһİˡ
ҪҶ裬ҶҲҪ¡
ȻˣҾֻܶԲˡƵɫʱٶԣһֵܶʱɱ˹
ԭȵĴ㣬ȻܲҶȻǲҶ죬ǼȻⲻˣǾֻӲˡ
ƶԼֵܻǺĵģʮɾɱԿλ۷ǿߣԸһλԲҶһ׶ǵλȻֵ
ѪϣЭɴ硣Ҷһ߶ѪӣΪһƬƵѪɫǿ֮ϡ
ֵܵ˵ɱһӾͱѪӾ˽ȥûޱߵѪ֮УѪˮϵسǡ
λһλȻܹӳ־ϲҶʵϲѪӵ
ƣΪ󷨾иɻ𣿡Ҷ˵漴Ѫӣͬһ̣ݺݵشֵɵɱ֮С
ڴڼ䣬Ҷ¶֮ģǳ׼ȷҵɱһ
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ɱ򲢲ʲôܣǹҶʱҾѾоƽˣҵļλʦ֡Ҷ˵
û֮ģҲƽô졣Ҷ죬дźεͺ;̾ϵ츳˾̾ˣ̶ʮ꣬ܽλ񾳽硣û뵽ȻҲ츳ɾͣ
ǺǣˣҲ԰ɣҶЦ˵
Ƶ˵ͷ˵Ϊ˱ұҪõѪӡңҺҵֵֿܷˣҺôҲһλ׺ǿߣֻλ񾳽磬ѪӵİѵҵĶ֣
ǾԿɣҶЦһɣﵽλ񾳽磬Ԫ񣬶λףԽװȫӳ
װλ۷һףӳǳ£һλҪǿܶࡣ
ҶڿԷӳʵһµĳ̶ȣȰɽ۶١
ңҶ컹ѪӣѪӵŲԶĺƺݺݵغȥ
ѪλͷǳǿټҶڽȣѪӵҲӳ١
ߣҵҪܹӳѪӶһû㣬ֱӭȥ
Ϊһλ׺ڵǿߣҶ󱲵һҪǱ˸Ц
ңҲҪ̽һҶʵԱ˽⣬ȻѸٽҶ죬ȡѪӡ
䣡
һ죬âӲӲײһ𣬱һɿµⷽ񷶼ˡ
޴ıըȴѪûˣȥ
ԶѪϵİ£ԸƵʮֵܣȴࡣ
ƵʮֵΪλ۷徳磬ͱײһЩȻڶ࣬ҲѪЭ˫Ҳκα˴ˡ
ҶúͺһһĶԾ


һǧİ ִ
Ѫӵǳǿ󣬻˵ڵҶѾȣλ񾳽֮ʵﵽһµĳ̶ȣԺλ׳ڵǿ߿⡣
⻹Ҷװɽϱλ׸Ҳ޾塣
ʱҶٴ߶ѪӣͿ԰λӳһµ
λ׺ǿߣʵǳֲһǿλȻȲѪӣȴӳ˿ֲ
˫ȫǶԹһʱѽѷ֡
ҶѪӣȻͺƴƽ֣úг˲˼顣
ⲻܣһλôôǿƵֱ۾š
ҶٿѪӣԻסȻ޼ɵعƣǳǿƣÿһѿǿգǧ硣
ŵ磬㲻ҶЦٿѪӣԽԽԽԽ˳֣ҲԽԽ
ҶǰѺƵɵĥĶѪӺװӳ֣Ӷﵽ۷һսĥԼսͼɡ
λף֪˶£Ȱɽۺ׶ҪľԶսĥ£˵սλеǿߣһЩλ۷ǿߡ
ǿ۷ԾҶĴ̼̫ˣÿʱÿ̶ܸܵԼĽһĵԺ֣ΪУʵ
ߣΪҿ𣿡ƴŭһСг˷ŭʩչԼľС
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޴ĺڰ˵ʵڣΧǿգѪѹƵ˼ޡһ˲䣬ֲѹƺҪҶѹ÷顣
ڰ־ƴսĥ£ûһУ
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䣡
Ӵĺڰ־ѹ֮£ҶٿصѪӶʱЩ֧ŲסѪˮηڲֹѪҪ޴ĺڰ磬Ȼһжͽ޹
ҶʱѹˣѪӻǿ֧ţ»ᱻֱѹ屬ը
ûõģȻ츳ûн׾֮ǰǲܻҵġ¶ŵЦݣ·һж֮С
ߣҶһҧȡһżƷ£ڵħĹеõģ˿õˡ
䣡
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ҿҶоһѪΪ壬ʩչռʮ㡣
ӿȣޱߵ˹Ƶֹ
һ̣ʮ޴ĹѪɫȻǿ֮ϣÿһ񱮶ǳľ޴ѹһ硣
ʮһ֣Ѫ⣬·Ⱦ档
¶ռʱչ֣µĵ·Ԫʼһеյ㣬˸ܵһĩհĻ
ʲôƵһ֮ɫ
ռҶһǿ־ٿʮѪɫ񱮣һ޴Ѫɫ񵶣͵˺ǰǿգźڰɱȥ
ҵסƴҪǮعڰ֮УҪֵסһ貵ľ񵶡
ϧѪɫ񵶵ƻǳǿ󣬽ݿһ˺˺ڰĿռϣӲɱ˽ںƵǰ
䣡
æնɱѪɫײһ𣬱һɾ춯صĴը
ɲǼ䣬ҷȥһƬǿնըˡƴоľκˣ涼ڶ
ৣ
һ貵ĵâƲ񷣬ݺݵػںƵؿڣɳȥѪ
ৣ
âϳ֣˷ϵغơ
¡¡æųһ͵λſһǿķססЩ貵â
һıը𣬹˺ܾãʧĸɸɾ
ʱҶѾѪӰף˺ѿռ䣬ԶʧƬǿ
磡µʮֵܶʱÿ˵϶ǳϾղǶѹŴͱһɻ
磬׷һҪѪӡŭ
ɫޱĬ˺һؿһǰǿգҡҡͷ̾ûõģ׷ˣҲκβСӡңѾӦһλλһĸ֣׷ȥֻ
磬𣿡˲ĵ˵
ˣҺѪûԵ֣ǷģӦǵһᾡƳƵ˵
ʮֵܣܿ˺ѿռ䣬뿪Ƭǿա
õϢİħͻħףҲٺҶǾ׷˺ѿռߣһǷͷߡ

ʱңԶǿһ۳Զʻȥ
֮УվӰֱҶ죬ףԼոոϹλǿͳ졣
ͳ̾ؿǰҶ죬˵Ҷ죬û뵽Ȼɳô죬ʮκβ㡣
ǺǣͳˣɴæѪӵİǺǵĶ֡Ҷҡҡͷǳǫ顣
ѪշģȻҲʵһ֣㲻ǫ顣ͳ˰֣ЦȥսǵöɱЩжˣúһ硣
ţҶ˵ͷѪħİɱǼǵ÷ǳ𣬵ȻҪ
ͳһ·Ҷ͵սĻأ뿪ˡ
ҲҪ뿪ˣۣҶ˵һλڴˣҲʶǳüڴˣû˸ֶԸ㡣ȻսǾһֻԼˣǳüҲܽսֻµ롣
ˡҶ˵ͷ漴ף΢΢һ˵ʱ䣬лɴչˣ˶飬Ҷ첻
ǺǣҪô⡣װ˰֣˵ˣս֮ǰǵøԼһţ⽫ս֣ͬʱҲпܳΪԺеĳƺš
ŶҶЩ⡣
ЦŽ͵ͺüıȻгüֻڽսʱгü˶棬󣬾ͱΪüȻûзǱףȻʹţñ㲻һ㽫һ׾ģʱܲܽҶǶ
ǺǣҪúһˣһҪ֡ҶԹЦû뵽˵ʵ֮ǰѾ˽⵽ˡ
ţⲻеģݣֱӶšҶ족ݽսжǿ߶ҶǿҲһ˶Կжǿߡ


һǧİһ 
ħĹء
ϥڴеҶ첻ɵ˿۾¶ɵĿ⣬İɽۡ
ô˳ͻΧ𣿡ɽæʵıʵ̫޷Ҷħǵսֻܵȴ
Ҷ˵ͷЦѾͳˣϾִܵսĻˡ
ˣ㳹װȫˣȴս󣬿ʵᷢ츲صĴ仯ʱҪɱˡɽҲ˿Ц˵
ѿռͳȥˣ˵һжҶϣҪҶˣ
ɽ磬ǼɣǰӦþǵħʬĳ֮ˡҶָǰһ˵
ɽԳҶϵܣҾǲؼһʱʵڴ˵Ǳһʱ䣬߿ռİ̤ܿλڣʱʵǿǴİҲܶࡣ
Ҷڸո˿ռֻλھ磬߿ռԭλھ磬ֻҪҶһʱ䣬Ҫ˶ã˳Ȼ̤λھ硣
ԣɽ۲ŻὨҶڴ˵Ǳһʱ䡣
ãڴ˵Ǳһʱ䣡ҶûпǶã˵ͷ
ıѾȥսʱûκΣˣҲüųȥڴ˵һüƻ
ң߿ռ̤λھ磬ôıҲ֮ͻƣӶʵ
Ҷ챾ѪԶԿλ׺ڵĺƣҪ֪սųһгԽ׾
޷սսж޷ʹá
սڣֻȥҲûãû취óᱻս־ѹơ
ûҶֻһλڣ츳ǿЩλԲűҲǺ
ԣʱҶÿһ磬ǿ
£ҶɽһԸ

أսĻأҲ֮һرӶ̻ƿأĻػء
طǳΪһۡ͵ʥʥƵģܷǳǿڶʱڵֵסһλͨʥĹ
ǿʥټڴ˵ĳü˵Ȼȫޱȡ
ʱҶһλ׵Ĵ£֮ڡ
Ҷ̫ˣ츳Խŷ۾ɽңڲǰҶƾԼƺƵνǾĸ߲㡣
ԣҶոյִѾԸˣдҶ졣
Ҷ·λ׽ѩԵ⣬ԪŽףոչΪʱع
Ҷ£֪ս֮׼ʲô֣ҸǼһ¡ѩԵ˵
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νǶһЩӵзǱŵƣһֻЩﵽλԲĳţҡ
Ҷڲǰһս֮Уֱֳǿ츳ǰá¡ơ
ۣҶѾˣЦ˵ϼǰΪݴ½ǿҲǣҾáۡɡ
Ҷ£ˣǺǣѩԵ˵ͷ漴¼
ܿ죬ѩԵ⽻Ҷһƣ¼ţ֣ۣΪλڣս0
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ѩԵЦȻָսսҪɱ͵ȼɱĵԽ࣬ȼԽߣôսԽߡڲһ׼սĹֻҪʼƣɱеʱ򣬻Զսġ
սʲôôҶٴѯʡ
ѩԵ˵սôֱܶ࣬ӶһңһһһˣսսǹõģڶһͬҲȥӶ̻ȥһֻҪˣ֮䣬ġ
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ңַʽţ˳жʵٺòˡ
ˣҶ£׼һ˴սȼһսӣѩԵʵ
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ԣһ㶼ʵˣŻһսӣʵͬ˭Ҳἵ˭òƽ
ѡдսһЩĸĳţһЩ֮ˣҲ١
սϣһߣսӻҪ¡
ΪֻʵǿˣŸҶһ˴ս
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ѩԵ˵ͷ˵ҲãϾսϤʵǿս֮һЩյأȴǱȵ˻ҪΣգһоսһ𣬺ôкܶ࣬Ҳս
ʲôսƼңҶʵ
ѩԵ룬˵ʶһսӣʵǿϵĳţѾﵽλԲ磬ԭĸλԲǿߣǰһ׼֣ÿԼǡ
һλڵˣǻҪңҶɻ
սսӷΪŸ𣬱һǣսѾǿսˡ
Ҷû뵽ѩԵǿӡ
ʵ㹻ˡѩԵЦ˵
ҶЦЦ
ѩԵĴ£ǰһ޴Ĺ㳡
㳡ϣӰλʲôСһȥֱɽ˺ߺ
˵ʲôսȱˡ
ߣʲôսˡ
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ҶʱѾıģϾսҶıģģ㿴ˣģֶǼٵġ
ѩԵ⣬Ҷһ¥ڣҶдţսӣĸ֡
Ҷеǳ棬սӶڹ㳡Ҹطˣսȴӵһĸ¥
ɴ˿ɼսӵʵǳ£Ҳһ˲õ
ΪϵĳţִﵽλԲ磬ʵԷǳ¡
ʵܹΪϵţԪ۷޳а֮ǣﵽλԲʵͷǳ£Խսλȫ⡣
ǿߣѾվս۷ˡ


һǧİ ս
սӡ
սӵĶӳ֪ʲô֣սĳƺžͽ䣬֣֤ǿ
һսӵˣԭĸˣֻǲǰһˣڻ֡
սӵģս
սյغˣֻ̫࣬ܵˣĿ̫󣬺׾ͱ˷֣ˣʵˡ
ˣһ˸׷٣һ˸һ˸սһ˸Զ̹һָս
սյˣһóսˡ
ս֮УսͨΣգһ㶼սӶӳΡ
սӵĶӳ䣬óǷķǳǿλڵǿ߶޷ķ
ȻǰãΧɱһħսʱһβصʧиսĶԱֱ䣬˶ܵˣı£ǿˡ
սǿսӣҲΣա
Ϊս̫ˣߴ˶ôλ˭˵Լǿ
ԪڵȫӴսУǿ֣
ҶֻԪĩڵĳţ֮ǰԪѾٰ˺ܶս೬ŶѾﵽλԲ磬սݺᡣ
սӵĶӳ֮һĳţһﵽλԲ磬ʵǷǳµġ
ҶȻ츳ˣΪϾŸոͻƵλ񾳽磬λԲĸ硣
ǰҶѪӵס˺ƣȴַڣѩԵ뵽Ƽȥսӡ
ʱսӵĸ˶Ϊܴˣǽս̫ˡ
ѩԵҶʱĸ˵ĿȫǣǿҶֻλھ֮󣬾һɨѩԵ⡣
Ц˵ѩϸ磬ô
ȻѩԵϤϾֳţսʱҲѩԵġ
Ǻǣϵܣ˵սʧһԱնԱպϸ縺һλŽսҪƼǡѩԵ΢΢һЦ漴ָһԵҶ죬˵λۣһλţֻλھ磬ʵȴǳǿʤսӵĶԱˡ
ҶʱҲڴǰλսӵĶӳһǳӢ꣬ͦΣŨüۣڵǳͬһң˲ֱӡһ׽ɫսףԵøӵ䣬еϢȴһַ·һΡɽǰĸо
Ŷ
ѩԵĻʱĿ⿴Ҷ죬Ҳ˲ҴӵĿ⣬Ҷ졣
Ҷ쵭һЦ֮ӣá
ãջĿ⣬ٶȿѩԵ⣬˵ѩϸ磬ҲӣʧһԱѾҿսӹ㣬Ҫһӵǿ󹥻ĶԱҲλ׳ڵĹС
ȻǾܾˡ
ҲһսԱʵ̫ǻӰ쵽ǵİȫȻܴ⣬ѩԵҲС
ѩԵҲЦ˵ϵܣϸȻƼ㣬һӵʵΪϸû㿪Ц𣿡
ͣ
һЦӲԶ˵һСͷ½ʣԱ֮һҶ죬Ĳм֮ɫѩǰСӲλڣ˵пλ׳ڵĻ́ڱԼأ
Ԫ񣡡ʱȵ
СͷƲƲ죬ȴ˵ˣȻս֮кϡ
ЩǸؿѩԵ⣬˵ϸ磬ǱǸԪ˵ûУǧ⡣
ްѩԵ˰֣˵ϵܣǲʵȥսһԲ֪սⶫѵһ˼٣
ˣҡҡͷ˵սþˣҺϸ磬ۼǰɣζϸƼѡȻǻ֪ʲôʱҵһʵĶԱҲ֪ҪҵĶԱܶһսˣôѡǡ
һӵλ׳ڹˣѾսǿˣһսӣܺܿﵽսӵļȻԸ¡
ѩԵЦȻˣ۾ͽˡ
˵գѩԵתͷҶ죬˵ۣ˲ʵҲǿܿϲսӵġ
ζлѩϸƼˡҶмص˵ͷ漴ѩԵ뿪
úҶٴλ
俴ҶЦ˵ۣμ룬Ҹһսӵɡ
˵գָŸղ˵ǸСͷ˵һԪϣǶϲԪԪھ͵ţǻľԶˣ׼׵ʵó׷١
ߣԪ϶ҶʵܻɣһûкҶк
ҶȻƨɣ΢΢һЦԱߵһŮӡ
ŮӴһɫȹӣͷȴ̣ܶԵúܸһ˫۾Ϭ·ֱ͸ġ
ָ˵սӵ֣óԶ̹ļǳ£һ׼׸Ķ֡
ãӭսӣҪ˵ǰͷûѩԵǰ˵ʵô뿪Ҳ㳢һҵļǺҶкˣ䵭ͬ˻ɡ
Ҳѹ֣˭һλڵӵпλ׳ڵĹ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵һ뿪սӵģΪʵսѾʺٴȥˡ
һԴԪϵ
Ҳ۾һУ˵ϣʵô˵գתͷԼĹҶ졣
ҶҲ֪ԼէöԱǶͬǿΪ磬ֻеȵչֳԼǿʵ󣬲Żᱻͬ
սӵĶӳ䣬ҲͬҶ죬ֻǰѩԵ棬ǿҶģһҶʵϸ϶һʱ佫Ҷ߳սӵġ
սӵһʱԼվȳҶЦҽл죬սӵָӹ٣ʵҲ׼ףʵսֻжӳһŽӽλڵʵ˶׼סλλ׳ڵĸּ룬սʵ϶٣ԺҪദòһЩˡ
Ҷ쿴ǰ꣬û뵽ʮ߰ˣȻսӵָӹ١Ҫ֪һսӵָӹټˣսӶӳսʱҪָӹٵܹһսӵĶԱͬǰ·ǳ򵥡
ҶʱЦҽۣܸʶ㡣
һЦ˵ˣΪ˻ӭۼսӣҲΪսٶԲȥһȻ׼ս
һ˺ܿͳŸľƹݳ


һǧİ Ѫƽԭ
ΪλսĳڣͬʱҲսǿϢĵط棬кܶʩƹݡĳҵȵȣȫ
ʱսӱһҾƹݵİкȾף
ԵúܺˬжҶʵЩɣûҶ죬ʱغҶ˵ⴳսһЩ顣
ǸԪһûҶ쵱ɶѣʱ䳰ȷҶøһʶֱ
Ҷ䵭ȻûԪ䳰ȷҲûѿֻԼĹ·ҪĶ
սӵָӹٻ죬Ҷǳ飬ʱҶȾƣЦ˵һЩսȤ£ֱҶ쵱ɺˡ
ҶԻҲкøУս֮Уǹϵˡ
ںͶӳ䣬Ǿһˡ
ڷԪϣǸûͬҶѵݡ
ۣ㲻Ҫ⣬ԪҲǹҪģֻΪսӸ𡣡Ҷ촫սΣգսǾսӣһβҲʧأһλԱԣսеˣϣԼĻܹʵǿһЩⲻǶǵĸҲǶսӵĸ𣬷һʵ˼սӣӰľͲֹһˡ
ףҶ˵ͷ
սĹ֮ǰѾ˽ˣǿʳҪпĶ࣬ûĸսӻɵôһƿǼֱѰ·
أۣҺܿ㣬ѩԵǰ֮ˣȻܹսӣǾ˵һ֮ƥʵңҹ۲ܾˣ޵ţ֮жܿó㹻ʵӵе޵šЦŴ
ǺǣˡҶ쵭һЦΪʲôսӵָӹˣΪ˴ԼĶǱܹġ
ң˻ŽᣬҶոսսӣ˱ϵˣӶսӵšһ
ˣҲȵĲˣھһ½սɡ
ƹѲӳ¾Ʊ˵
Ļһ䣬ԪϵɫʱҲ˾Ʊ䡣
ٲԼĹǽ
죬˵죬ָӹ٣νսʲô飿
ʵȻǶǿģȴǶĺģû˸С
ԪϣҲҶԻ񣬷ǳػ졣
ӳҾǶȻڲȫˣ۱ϾողżսӣǵһνսʵǿޱȣҲҪսĥһʱ䣬ǿʵҲ޷ӳſھ˵ȻѾϵѯʣ׼
ԿҶһۣ˵ͷ˵˵ĲǻϤΪսҪĽսǿߣȷҪĥϡˣʲôõطʺǶɹһʱ䡣
ҿ˺ܾãΪ˽ǵʧСҾøտʼǻԶ٣Ѱһж߳֡˵
˻һɫһ䡣
һԵԪϾ죬ҪȥѪƽԭղҲ˵ˣСսӻûĥϣѪƽԭȻǶߵأеĿɶǶĶߣʵҲλ׳ڡ
ǺǣԪҪսģԶӳķټǵϣԱ㹻ˡңԶ٣ԾǿλڵǿߣҲܹȻȥ˵
˵ңĥսõĵطֻҪսӦ淽ʽǾܹٴλص۷ˡ
˵գ쿴䡣
ĬƬ̣漴ˣ˵ϹأͶƱ޳ɻѡ񡣡
ҷԣһһǾһ԰ȫĵطĥһ£˳ȱȷһСǷʵԪ˵
Ե˵ͷ˵ҲԣҺԪͬ
΢΢һЦ˵ôȶƽ֡Ϳˣѡǣ˵տҶ졣
һԵԪߵСӲżսӣѵҲͶƱȨ
ֻҪսӵĳԱʸͶƱ
Ԫ϶ʱٶԣֻǵҶһۣ˵СӣѪƽԭĲп᲻ֲܹ׵ģȰ㻹侲㣬ҪѪԴ
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˵ȷһǵָӹ١
ˣȻѾˣǾ׼һ£ǰѪƽԭӳ漴˵

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սһƬĵطԼ־ѹһϵľ磬ֻµС
ңĿռϺǿֻʥǿ߲ܿһȹ̵Ŀռͨ
ڵĿռͨʥٵģȻһλ߳ڴˣԪڴ˵ıǳü
ҶսʱҲһռ֮Ŷѣֻǳ޴󣬲ʱؿλǷɽȥ
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˵գ쿴Ԫϣ˵Ԫ̽·ʱ
֪ˡԪϺһ㳯ǰȥ˻ΪһѪӰѪɫں޷
ЦŶҶ˵ԪóأλҲҲ;¼ǺţֻҪżǺߣһ˳ˡ
Ҷ˵ͷԪϵı£ҲеܹսӣȻһˡ
˵ԪµļǺţѪƽԭǰ
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սǳԪѾΪһЩѪƽԭ֮һ
ѪƽԭΪûκεڵһƬƽԭʺս棬󲿷ﴳĶǶߣһǶеĶǿߡ
֮ѪƽԭսΣյĵط֮һûпλ׵ʵ˴
Ҷһˣ˿̱ȻӽѪƽԭ


һǧİ 
սһ˷һ֮ڵֵѪƽԭ
Ҷ쳯ǰȥһƬѪɫĴأûκεڵʯͷûУһ޼ʵƽԭ
ֻѪƽԭһЩѪɫеĵطУеĵطûУǳ֡
ҽ㣬ѾִѪƽԭʱսӣս࣬ȻҲױ֣ԴǧҪɣһ㶼Сӳȵ
ף
˾ǵͷҴ⡣
ǻͷ֪ѪƽԭĿ£鶼ء
ӳҺͷ𣬻л춼Ѿսˣ㳣ʶǶġ񣬵һνսѪƽԭΣյĵط㻹ǵǺȲǡԪϺȻǰЦ
üԪôˣ
ԪϿ죬˵ΧѾú˷ʩֻҪ̤룬Ҿ֪ҾǼȻĥϣȻȥѰҵˣðɡ
ԪҲ㣬Ҳ֪Ѫƽԭǿߺܶ࣬ķʩδܹùˡ
Ԫ˵ôɣǲŸոյִѪƽԭѪƽԭΧּǿߣ
ܴ⣡ҡͷ
ӳ˿̿˵ˣ죬Ϊϴεս̫ˣϴεսѾ˵ˣǲĴ󣬶ǵ̫ǿˡԪ˵öԣڻѪƽԭΧּǿߵļʺСڴðɡ
Ȼӳ˵ˣǾɡȻͬǿӳˣȻܷǾǶԶӳĲΣԶӳˣôսӾΣˡ
˵ͷ漴ˣҶԼϢء
˵գһȭŵһ޴ӣȻ˽ȥ
Ԫϡ𡢻ҲŽȥҶҲȥˡ
ȻЩѪɫ˾ڵصףϢȴﵽ
ȴǼįͬʱҲ
˶λѾֵܹȴ
Ϣҽһھ׼ս

һɫĹâԶ漴ֳһɫħ۵ӣǰɫ貵⡣
øֶΣϧӲҵ۾
ɫħ۵һЦ漴ƣһȵ֪֮̽磡
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һʱǰɨȥԭƽ̹Ĵϣʱ¶һݽǣصӳڽɫħС
ֶκһսӣңҵ֪֮̽Ҳ˲ֹһ˵ϢһսѪƽԭˡ
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սĥ꣬Ϊ磬ʵѾﵽ۷塣
ңѾ׾ˡ
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ӽλڣ
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˵գǾҪϵ˹ȴҶסˡ
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ϵ˹ɫ䣬æܣʩչһ䣬ޱߵĹâͷſΧĹӿȣƬ򳹵ûˡ
ò˵ϵ˹ǿ󣬼ܵҶΧȻǳǿƣʱسַҶС鷳
Ҷ컹䣬ӽλǿߣϵ˹ĹҲ˲ǡ
෴ҶĹϵ˹ǳռĿ·âÿһζ˺ϵ˹ķܣش
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תͷһԵҶ죬ҲǴ£漴ЦĶۣ´λȥһҪлһѩԵϸ磬ûĽܣȥĺöԱ
ӳˣ⿿һҲɱ˴ҵŬҶ˰Ц
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ٿԪԸΪƴҶѾԭǰļ̱ˡ
ĴԪЩҲӲˣɵ˵λΪҵôܵΣգһεսҲҪͷָǰɡ
ңӳԣҲ˵ͷ˵ҲзݣûӻĽ飬Ͳ³ԣҵսҲҪó
ӳǧô˵ܹɱˣҲԪæ˵
쿴ִɵЦҲˣԪȷҪóһЩսΪͷֻҪóһˣӳҲóһ롣ȻЩսǸǣǸۣΪǣ֮ǰȷòһ
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ߣһսҲ١Ԫߵ
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˵Ҳǡ˵ͷ漴һϢۣ˵ΪˣǲŸҪѪƽԭڣսӵʵһ¥ֻҪλڵǿߣǸ޾κλ׳ڵǿߣѪƽԭĥõˡ
ѪƽԭĶߴλ׳ڵǿߣϵ˹޽ӽλڵǿߣѾ뿪սˣολڵǿߣǶѾ㹻ıǮ׾磬ûҪսˡ˵ͷҲͬĽ顣
Ҳͬ⣡˵ҵʵѾﵽ׼׵۷壬ҪͻƵλ׳ھ磬ֻѪƽԭֵطĥ
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ͷǵ츳ֻҪﵽλ׳ڣôͿ뿪ս׼׾ˡ
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Ȼܹڶ̶ǧڵõһǧսҲǶѪƽԭϵĵжǿߣǵʵǿԽɱõսܶࡣ
⣬ҶÿζԻõսҪ˶öࡣ
Ѫƽԭˬﲻһ׬ս֮ǰһ׬սҪöࡣԪϹЦ
Ҷ쿴ԪϣҲЦ˵ԪϼһôãҲ֪׬˶սӦԶһһλ˰ɡ
ǧǱ˴ദѾǺˡ
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ڵǵ㲻ʹ죬Ѿˡ
ΪԪϻãҶ쾭һЩ⡣
ۣһλУһһȴȫԣԪЦ
ΪҶˡۡţպúǳĽͨߡۡͬԾԪЦ
ҶεЦЦ˵ϼһ𳶿⣬ôսֲġ
ͱȤˡԪϰ˰֣ЦȻþãǹҪλԲ綼£ﵽӵ׼׵ʵֻ£ڴ֮ǰҶǱ׷ɱķݣﻹܻս
ҵսҴﵽ׼׾֮󣬲ſʼģǼս֮ٶȲű죬ԱһľԶҵսӳ
Ҫ֪սջҪʵǿ͡Сӵʵǿ󣬹Ҫ˶ãսϳԽҡ

ӳ˹Ц˵Ԫ˵ĲսⶫҪʵۣ츳ԽڲλھӵнӽλڵʵһﵽλԲ磬ʵﵽһµĳ̶ȣʱɱһǿߣõսֵһջˣսȻܿ쳬Խǡ
˵ôͳˣҶԿЦ֪ԪһôջǷԶһһλˡ
ⲻǿЦΪλǴײҪУԪϰҶһۣ˵λҪλ̺һٸԪƳǿ߾һЩʦƳģһ֣мУٶսδؿԶһĵ
սҲһҶ쾪ȵ
ЦǵȻҪܹսλϵ˹Щﵽ޵ǿߣƶ᷵ˣս׬ȡսˡȻҲû⣬ʱóһλģ۸ߵáûпսǿ߶ˣȫóԼսȥģ۸ߵĿ£һ˸
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ԣҶϣԵõһóǿλһѵʱʵ϶ﵽһ˼س̶ȡ
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ЦǵȻλҲǴ½ɫǳ󣬲սܹġʵٻľԶһЩͻףЩսҶܹ򵽡˵ףսңֻŪңѶһõıΪǶԼıｻȥһĻҡ
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Ҫ׬ȡһЩսȵԪĩڵʱлᣬ㾺ĵǼλûᣬǾֻܻȡһЩĵرòţҲҶҵĺǡҶ찵뵽
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һǧİ Ѫɫս
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Ҳ˵ͷʵ׼뿪ģϾѾͻƣһ۵ĻıǮԪĩڳ׾ˣ׼ðա
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ԪҲ¶ЦݣҶͶȥмĿ⣬Ǹսӣ˵ʵѪƽԭ

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ԱһЦѵû˵սһǿߣۣʵǿӽλڣ֣Ƕӳλǿ֣߳Ѫƽԭǻûе֡
û뵽ϴɱսһսԱǷҵһǿĽչԱҲ̫ˣȻҼѪƽԭߣһߵ
ȻѰ·Ǿ·ϴαߣ׼ȫԲߡһѪŮ˵
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ӳͷİɣϴһǿдսһܵ˲ƣôܴԱߣԣһɡ
ǰӳҲλ׳ھ磬֣Իսˡ

ѪɫսӵĳԱǶš
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Ҳ֪Ӳǰ˰ɡԪ˵
ҡҡͷ˵ҪǰǾͻƴһˣٲҲҪһ˵汳ֺαضһ٣
˵Ĳһȷ⡣Ҷ
ȱǼǿˡ֪ΪʲôȻֲõԤС
ʱţҶҲԤС
ЩԾһﱾЩ˿̾Ȼгţ·ΧĲǡҶ
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ڴʱǿϢԶ֣ٶȷɿؽӽ
ת֮䣬һѪɫս˵С
Ѫɫսӣ־ŭ
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һ䵭ķ𣬴˿Ҳɱ⣬ݺݵصǰѪɫս
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һԵһԱǱѪɫսӵ˸ɱģǵĶӳλڵǿߣˣҺԪҲӲߡ
ӳڻǵĶ֣Ͻҧͺ
Ȼ뱨𣬵֪ԼսӵʵĿǰܺѪɫսӿ⡣


һǧİ Ԫͻ
ѪɫսͻȻ٣սΣ֮С
ܣԼȴѪɫսӣͬɶ˻𣬳˾Ŀᶨޱȡ
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ѪɫսӶӳдɭĿ⿴䣬˵䣬һߣҿ㻹ߡ
һҲˣҲҪһ˵汳ΪȥսѱѩޡĿᶨ˵漴Ҷ죬æҶ죬ʵһǿֻҪסѪɫսӵĶӳʵҪ׾١
ֻᶪսѶߵ𣿡Ҷ쵭ЦйâһѪӵѾ֣Ĺע£ɢųҵѪɫâǳҫ۶Ŀ
伱Ҷ죬Ҫ嶯츳ֻҪﵽλԲ磬ɱǸƵģʱٸǱҲ٣ûҪװ
ҶûлشֱӳѪɫսӵĶӳȥҳ˴һｻң
״ɵ־ּæѪɫսӡ
񹭣ĿѪɫսеһˣɱǵսѡ
˿ıĿ⣬ɵЦû뵽ȻͻˣҲã̫׾ɱǣǻȤĺܡ
ȥѪɫսӵĶӳ˵
ǣԶʱ˷ֻûѾǸɫЯһɰϢôһʱࡣ
ԶԪҲѪɫսӵĳԱˣǱȶԷһȼһ־·磬ֻǿ֧š
ѪɫսӵĶӳʣµһ˵۵ı仹Ҫǿȥס䣬СӾͽԸ
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ǿǿѪŮˡ
ɶڹ꣬˷ʲôѪŮ־ŭϴο䵲סǶӳĹ֪ķ£Լʶ̡ܱ
˰ķ³λڵǿߣ˭Ҳκβ
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ʶĶһЩˣʵ̫ЩˣѾ˱սӣһ˶սһʱ仹ҲˡѩԵҡҡͷЩǸ⡣
Ҷ˰֣˵ˣԼȥհɣϾսӵҲͦģƻһЩġ
ȻУѩԵЦսǾսӣ۸ſλڵʵǰãǴѪɫսӣ˭֪սӵţֻҪųϢе룬ֻҪϸѡˡ
ãˣϸľã·࣬Ϣ鷳ҷųȥɡҶ漴˵
û⣬ˡѩԵ˵ͷЦ
漴ֱҶصսӵܲһ߾ޣһ߰ĵȴ

ħĹ
ҶĿռһʱȹһΪſһԵİɽۣ˵ɽ磬ǼɣȻֻǷѾ˲λ׳ڵʵ
ռ߷Ȼ籾ǿΪҶıѪӵ壬ɱȿռǿˡ
ռƣֻʺڰͿռ䷨򣬵ǲûǿ
ԣ߷ʵȱһΣԺ׷ҶıģϾǱܴ
ãǽȥɣħ滹ʲôڵȴǡɽ۵˵ͷ漴Ҷһ𣬳Ĺȥ
һĹңдػɽ۲鿴һ£ֲûػʱ˻֣һ磬ŴŴ
һ̣ű¶һ޴硣


һǧİһʮ 
ڵǳΰһƬ޴ĹΧȫһ֮࣬ÿһһ޴Բˮͷ͵Ĺâ
ҶͰɽۻ߽γɵͨǰ
ǰԶʯϣϥһϵӰ۾š
ǵħ档
飬ֻʣһ߲塣ɽ̾
һλǿλףһλʦȴ䵽³˸п
ҶҲ꣬׺ųƲ٣ǵħȴԼҩˣǿɱ̾
ħҲҵȻǲҪðˡ̶ɽ˵
ҶҡҡͷЩź˵ϧˣһҲ֮ĻҿԽ˽λڡ
֪ħˣҶ뷨ǵõ磬ϧʧˣħѾһˡ
õһ߿ռѾûаһˡɽЦ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ָŵħԱߵһʯ˵ӦǿĹصʯֻҪǾˡ
ĹʵҲһһһλȻǿǷǿǿԽɽ˵
ҶֵǰɽŰɣҵõռջѾҵˡ
ðɣϸͲˡɽҲûƳ٣ǰͿʼʯ֪Ҷ첢ȱϾѪλҶ춼ӵС
ɽֻһλ׺ڵǿߣһõλټ֮ǰõǰذףӵλʵһ¥˵ȼλף뿰λ۷ǿߡ
ԣɽۺܶġ
׼ǳӴ󣬰ɽûһʯȫٿĹصһС
ҶϵܣҷһЩħڵıʼǣǳҸӡһݳɽ漴ϲ˵
ҶҲе˷ܣⵤħڵĳɾͼߣ̻ᶼҪ룬µĵʼǣǾ
ȻҶԵûȤԴҶҵĺţҶҵĺ󱲵оͻһʦ
Ҷϵܣҩ԰Ҳҵˣھ͹ȥɣ󣬰ɽЦ˵
Ҷ˵ͷҩ԰֮вٶ׶ĵرҲ
ϾħǵʦֵĵرȻá
ৣ
ɽۿʯ˲ʹҶ죬ҩ԰ǰֱӽҩ԰ڲ
ʱһƬĵرԶԶŰɽۺҶ죬ƺܵв
ЩĵرѾǣе񾳽磬λ
ڰɽ׼ѹǰǸûʲô˼ΧػӶӲ
ҶϵܣЩƽְɡɽ˵գЩĵرһΪеһ͸Ҷ졣
ҶЩĵرҲǳȻûƴǣս磬Լѿ
ۣ
ЩĵرһҶ磬ǸĴεĵҩ֮۽ŷ˷ܵ׷ЩĵرĲֺ
ԺͽҶھʹҶ˵գֱһЩҶ
ҶҶҶţ漴Ҷ촫ڵĹϿʼ
ҶЩ̾һҪ˶ãܽ׾磬Ҫȵ
ò˵һ漣Ҳǵħ洴һ漣

Ҷϵܣھ뿪ɣɽۿҶ죬˵
Ҷʱջ̽˵ͷ˵սЩҪͣǸûȥˡ
ҶϵŽսǧ꣬ôѳɽЩ⡣
ҶЦѩԵ⵱ҼһսӣսӵĳԱͻƣ׼չس׾磬˳͡
ʱϸҲһ¡ɽ˵գҶ뿪Ĺء
ص֮󣬰ɽ۷ųһ˵ȣҽĹҲˣֻǽħʬʳڣҲһЩػ
һ漴뿪ǿɭ֣ص˰ɽ
ɽ۸ҶκԴΣصҶҡ
κԴǿҶôˣû˿ԥѡҶңΪҶҵλϡ
Ҷ콫ҶҲҶңһܿҪΪˣȻֻһλףԺҲѣϾһλףĿǰշҶˡ
֮ǰҶͻصִܲĵȴ١
ûеȵȴȵ߲㴫Ϣ
ݺܼ򵥣ǰִλжˣϾҶѾȥսȳҪ׾磬Ȼִˡ
ҶԴҲ⣬ִܲͻصҶңװɽ񶼣һߵȵǣһ߲ڰ
пռ߷ʰҶڲڰٶҲ֪˶ٱ
ңҶ챾սսķҲܹãЩսڶһڰаıӿٶȡ
ʱúܿ죬˵ת۱ǧꡣ
֮һۣһˣֻԪҶңʼչǱޣ׼׾硣
ɽ޼ӣ֪ꡣ
ʱת±Ǩǧȥˣȥˡ
Ҷ߿ռȫĵͶ뵽ڰĺ֮УΪչĺܿ죬λڳ
úӵһϢǽ޳а֮ӡֻϷЩݴ½ĳţȫͻƵλ񾳽磬ǰս
ݴ½ʱҪˣҶյЩϢ֮󣬸еǳĸˡ
Щݴ½ĳţһǱޣ츳ȺǶн׵ĻᣬҶΪǿס
ȵǶΪףôݴ½һϯ֮ء
˵ǿγһȺ൱ŷһΪһ

սء
Ҷ챾ڸ¥֮УȴսǿսӣԴѩԵųϢ֮ǧ֮ǰѾ½вǰ
ϧЩҪôʵ̫ͣҪôԲУҶҪ󣬱Ҷһһܾˡ
أҲ֪ҶϸҪ󣬶ʱ˾˺ܶࡣ
齨һսӾô𣿡Ҷϥţһ߲ڰһƵ뵽
ô꣬ȻһҪĶԱûе
ҶҲ֪齨ǾսӣҪ˱٣ͱľսӹϷˣԼսӣʣµȻˡ
Ҷ죬˵齨սӣҼɣ
ң
ڴʱϤȺ
Ҷ͵۾߽ˣʱϲ޳ֻش磡
û˾ǽ޳ֻһݴ½ŵģǽ޳Ҷ졣
ԣλ񾳽磬սˡ


һǧİһʮ ս
޳һѩվûκεһ˿ȴһķâͬһ񽣡
ռָ֮оǿҡ
һԵֻһɲĸоȻֻλھ磬ȴǻʱ䳤֮УԹǳ
˴϶Цݡ
ӭӭսӣҶЦӭȥзǳĿġ
ôϲɣֻشҪ֪ͨģڵ֪㻹صʱǾ;һϲ޳Ц˵
ݴ½֮žĸ޳ѾǰôĮȻˡ
ǰȻȴ·֮ϣԵᣬͬһ
ԴҶ֮󣬴Ҷռһ˿ռȻͿʼ߳ԼӰӣռ
һֱϽӡ̤ռĴš
Ҷϵܣ˵齨սӣûյأǲǰֻЦǺ˵
Ҷ췭˷ۣ˵ѩԵϸǵİɣû취Ǿսӣʵ˾٣ҪҵһԺõģȷʵףϾ󲿷ֶľսӸˡ
Ǻǣ֪ǵʵϣ޳üͷһЦ˵
Ҷ˵֮ǰ˽սսҪΪ𣬴ͨλԲٵԲޣԼԲ޵У׼ףͻ׼ףǾӵλ׳ڵʵˡ
ô˵׼׵ʵأ޳˵
Ҳһ㣬Ҳǿﵽ׼׾磬˵޳׼۷壬Ҿ׼׳ˡֻ˵
Ȼͨʱ䷨򣬵ǵʱ䷨սϵʱС罣޳ռ
׼ѾǺܲʵˣܶˣֻǴԲޣҪŬܾòܴﵽ׼׾磬ȫϼսӵҪ󡣡ҶЦ
ʵϣҽ޳ֻսˣȻû⡣
ʵ㣬Ҷ춼Ըǡ
ٳ⣬˵ʲôʵ޳Ц
ҶȻѵû֮ǰĴ˵ҿǽʮϴ󶼸ˣҪ֪ǿһλ׺ڵĳǿߡ
УѪӣսλʹã˼ڹһžܲ㡣޳Ʋ
ðɣڵΪλڣʵ൱λڡҶ̯̯֣˵治ǡ
ߣ;صɡ޳ߵ
һԵֻЦ֮ǰҾ͸˵ˣҪʵܴӦԶֱ̬ܱƽ飬
ֻش̣СܲҲ޳һرȭ˵
ֻɵùЦ
ԱߵҶһ
ǻˣҪȴ𣿡޳漴ʵ
Ҷֻشʺսӵָӹ٣أӵ壬սӵķˣӵռΪսĻǻһԶ̹һó׷ٵĶѡ
ɣҵĽսܱȵ𣿡޳ƲͬϾҲϲս
ǺǣҺ̫ʦݴ½ָӶԿڰսӵָӹ٣Ǵ´ࡣֻЦǺǵ
ھѩԵϸҵҪųȥҶ˵տʼϵѩԵ⣬ԼԱϢȥæѰҡ
Ҷ졢޳ֻ˱ȴͬʱһ
Ȼû꣬ҶһˣһŮӣúƯһɫȹϵһɫĳޡ
ʣ˭սӵĶӳȹŮӽ֮ɨһ۽޳ֻȻĿ䵽Ҷϡ
ҶЦ˵㲻ѾǶӳ𣿡
ԭǶۣû뵽ֻλڣ治šȹŮ˵
ʲô£Ǽս𣿡ҶЦЦ漴ʵ
ȹŮ˵Ҫսӣҽģ׼۷ʵó׷ٺ飬Ҫˡ
ʵóȷսҪˣҴп޾ԹͳޣˣǺΡҶ쵭˵磬ûദһҲܿǺûǶ
Ͼסģǰס
һ˫̥㣬ʻҲ׼۷徳磬һĸͬԿλ׳ڵǿߡԣǰǽսûмκսӡ
ǲǰһǿߣŽӽλڵʵû͵Ϯǣشҽסұסһ˵ܲԹ⼸꣬һֱҪֻҪܹұԺġ
ս˫ȭҧ˵
һԵֻҶһʱ䷨Ůû˵ѣҪɱ飬ٲܱ𣬿Ҫ׹аһˡ
˫̥ãһΪǺεȵĻԵǽõĸһܺãԿԷΪԼԼȴΪȻҲͲħҶ˵ͷ
漴Ҷ쿴һģЦӭսӣģɱ֣һ㱨ġ
Զʱϲ漴æ˵Ǹǿɱҽ㣬մȾҽϢó׷٣ϢҾҵֻҪսҾһҵ
ǺãֻҪǴʣµһԱ̶ȥ㱨ѩޡҶ˵
лӳֱӶҶͶ·ˣпѩԵϢܹԿû뵽ĳɹˡ
ǰҲҹܶսӣǶԷֻ̰ͼɫû˼ˡ
ӭӭֻءֻЦ˵Դֻ֣սҲԸš
ҽн޳ӭսӡ޳΢Цسĵ˵ͷҲûţţǹ򻹲н
ҶһԿţ˿ĵļ룬սڼĸˣֻһԶ̹Ǿܳǰսˡ
ٶȰϢͨѩԵųȥ֮ǰӦ˱ԽԽˣǰ֮ûжΪЩܹﵽҶҪˣȴԿҶսֻһˣˡ
ֻһˣô˾Ͷˡ
Ҷֻ𣬻н޳ĸһ飬ųһӦߣҵһʵˡ
˽
һλ׳ڵʵֻ·սӵġģʱˣҲͼսӡ
һսӣһͲģֱһɫǡ
һ˺ɫ֮⣬Ҳûʲôȱ㡣


һǧİһʮ ڰħԨ
ͨսڣսһ˵أĺսȥ
Ҷոߵֱóһսڸ߿кС
Ȼĸǰ飬ʱϢ
սϣߴߴҶ˵û꣺˵ӳôһôƯŮȥǰ̽·ֿӦý޳ǼһôƯŮӦڴϣҲĿ˵ˣҲʹıս
ӳҵģ֤û
ϽɣȻĻûڣҪսӣҵս»߳ɡ

ҶԱ˵û꣬ҶȻޱ顣
ʵϣҶѾرʶ˵ٶ࣬
һ·Ѿ֪ԣһսˡ
ֻش磬˵ս඼Ҿһһգһˡ
Զ޳ߵֻ˵
ֻҡͷЦҲǷһһսߴߴûꡣһܲľģûҶԸȥǰ̽·ˡ
ûѾرʶ𣿡ֻԽ޳̾
޳۾һɣʱҶ״̬ȻҶıѾܾûз仯ˣԭѾرʶ
ǶӳⷽǺá޳ʱ漴Ҳرʶ
ԶԣʱҲˣʱƣֻܵˣֻأġ
Ϊ̫λڣҪԱɡֱֻӳ֮У
ʱûȤܵһֹȥˡ
ꡭǧꡭꡭꡭ
ҶսϻԾţΧٵѪƽԭսӺɨˣʹԽԽ
ΪһѾˡ
꣬ս֮УҲͽ޳ֻ˫˫ͻƣﵽλڣʹ˿λ׳ڵʵ
ǽ޳ʵӽλڣѾԽΪսнҶĴڡ
ȻҶڼ䣬ҲûֹͣĿռһֱλѾܽˡ
Ҫ֪λ񾳽磬ÿһҪʱ䣬ǳӴ
ҶܹĽǼֱ漣һ㣬ҲܹռĿֲٶȣǺڰƻ治ġ
ڴڼ䣬Ϸ硢Ҷʥа֮ӡ̫ǣҲﵽλھ磬ʼս
Լ齨һսӣһսУ𽥿ʼ
ҶͬһЩǣҲʼ½ս
ԪĩڵţڿʼԼ֮·ľ֣ڲͣתǵʱ䲻ˡ
ÿ˵УһּȣҪﵽλԲ磬ʸ֮ʱ֮λ
ӳ쿴Ůˡ
һ죬սϣ˷ܵĴһǰӭȥ
ҶЦҡͷôѾ֪ϲģôҲеãûҵɱĵˣһֱûд
ʱԽԽĵħʼӣÿʱħһ㣬ɱľ춯ء
˶һħŮš
ҶһڶѶǳģ֪Ļܹͦסãһħ³ˣ޷̤׾硣
ϣܹҵɱĵˡҶ찵뵽
ʱļٷһŽӭȥ߷ɣҶǰ˵ӡӳҵˣҵˣǼһﻹսҾ֪ڣϢһӶˣԶҲˡ
ѽԶĲҺû뵽ĻͻȻһţĵĻ󣬶ʱϲ˷ܵط˹
ҵɱĵ𣿡˷ܵ
޳ֻҲ˹˺ڴ
Ҷ쿴ģ΢Ц侲һ㣬ֻҪսǾӲ
ţĵ˵ͷŬԼ侲ⲻܹʵ̫ˡ
ˣˣ˵˵һ˿Ϣ
ӳǰ淢Ϣһ档ƽһ飬漴˵
ǰ棿Ҷ̧ͷǰƬԨüͷ΢΢һ塣
޳ֻҲ֮ǰһƬ嫵Ԩڰ֮гɱͬ޾޺ڰ磬ļ¡
ǺڰħԨһҾȻ֪
ˣѪƽԭѾȻǾ˺ڰħԨ޳
ڰħԨѪƽԭҪΣգ˸̤УΣյĵطɱ¾⣬ںڰħԨ֮еĵˣǶλڵǿߣǸߵȼĴڡ
սǿߴڵһҲֻҶĿǰʵҽ
޳ǿﵽ
ˣֻڣһȥĻǳΣա
ӳһҪұֻҪܹҸʲôСĿҶüͷʱˡ
һԵæ˵ģһȥ
ԿЦҡҡͷȻôܸжʵȥĻֻ
ֻҶ죬ֻҶܰ
İɣӦ飬ҲǡҶ컺˵漴ˣǳΣգ˽޳⣬ǽȥЩǿϣܹ档
ʱ䷨򣬱㹻ˡֻ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ֻλ׳ڵʵûʱ䷨һڰħԨкܴΣա
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ٺ٣ôʵĵطֻһˣܽȥҲֻŶӳȥһ̽ҲսһˡΪ˲ѹٺЦ
зǳжڱУָֻܽжѹ
ˣȻˣǾͳڰħԨģע飬Ǵ·Ҷ漴ȵ
ս裬СطڰԨ
޾ĺڰʱϯûԨ֮УΧɱжɱ¾ֱһƬڰ
Ŀռụ̈ҶѴơֻЩԾ˵
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쿴ǰʲôȻ
ֻǰһԽԽ죬ΧĿռ䶼·ܲסǹҪѡ
Ҷɫһ䣬ȵǺڰ籩һУ֮⣬ǿ¶û
˵գһӣˣԱ߸ȥ
ʱ٣ֻȵʱҶϣҶһ֮õٶȸˡ
գǿضһɺڰ籩Զķ籩Ӱһ£ͷð
ղŲͱȥˡ


һǧİһʮ ż
һɺڰ籩Ҷ֮⣬˶Ҫ
ңҶԵֵڰ籩ʴҲ岻֪ᱻȥҪǾһΣյĵطôҶҲҪ
ǺڰħԨΣգѹֺ̤˵أʵ̫ˡ
ŸսΣգһµĵط
ҪСġҶ첻ɵó˵֪طΣգû뵽ôΣգֱǲġ
ӳԽԽˡһԵĴʱӾ֮лָæ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵·̫ԶСĵ㡣
ĵ˵ͷ漴ǰ·
˼룬úٶ˼κڰ籩Ϊǰ׼Զоյض˹ȥ
ڰԨ֮Укڰ籩кܶƯںڰеĴ½Щ½ضѪɫģƺѪȾ졣
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ӳǰż֮УҵĸӦǳǿңһͻȻָǰһƵż˵
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ֻûлٻųٹԪñ棬㿴ǵ棬ȫʬǣӦþһҵսųҲ˶ƻ
˵һڿɲǷʱϸӦһ£Ǽһæ˵
ҶҲ˵ģǼһųǵʲô򣿡
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ҶҡҡͷǣӦǺԪĶҾпǹħ
ʲôħǿʼʱż𣿡
ʲôǼһܹ棬ӦҲܹ棬ҿ⸽ӦʲôػͨҶ˵漴ųڸѰ
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ðɣҶ˵žͿʼ󷨣֮ģЩȻһֱڲڰ򣬵żҲһ󷨡
Ͼпռڰıкܶеʱ䣬ڿԲˡ
֮ģ󷨺ܿ죬ϣҪǿˣһЩ׶Ȳ
ûãҶͲһ޴󣬺һɱһһ󷨣ֵġ
󷨣ԵֵһλǿߵĹˣһʱᶼ
Ҷ󷨵ý̸ˣϤһ£Ȼپۼһ
ۣҾãǿһһлػֻͨǲӦ̽ӡֻͻȻ˵
Ҷ쿴ɻֻش磬ʲô뷨
ǹ͹ħżôǺǾǲͬϲʹ鿴ǲһǲõĻػֻͨ²⵽
Ҷ۾һͷֿԺܴ󡣡
ʲôѵ۾ۿ찡ô󣬹۾ÿ£һ
а취
Ҷ˿ȻԼϸ߿գʼʩչʮ˷ħ֣ʱޱߵĽ۶ӡһɫġ⡱ַɳŵѹȥ
ӳڸʲôûеˣҪʲôɻ
ֻ˵ǵõһλǿߵĴУһӦҲ֡
ԭˣȻ
ڴʱΧǸɫġ⡱֣ƸӦʲôȻҶƿأһطȥ
ʲô
Ҷɫһ䣬𾪡
ûϾҪսʱǾˡ
ɵãҶæӡҪٿǸߵĽɫ⡱֣Ȼá
ѵǹһż𣿡Ҷг˼æȥ
޳Ҳ˹ȥ
ɫġ⡱ԽԽҫ۶Ŀͬһ̫ܵĲƽﶼڻˣ˵صס
ڵصףһ㱣Ĥ硣
ǣɫġ⡱֣ȻֱӴ˹ȥ
ӳļ״ʱϲ취صأǺûᡣ
ɫġ⡱ֽĤ忪һѷ죬ѷСȻԶ޸Ĺܡ
Ҷ˶ʱû档
һԹ˷֪ͨͨʲôطҶûѡֻܸǸɫġ⡱֣ȥ
ȵһֲڣǸɫġ⡱ִ߽룬ȴָͣұߡ
ӳߣǼһߵĲԶҸӦˣǳǿҡļ˵
ҶüʵȸŽɫġ⡱ֿϾ漰ʮ˷ħ֣ҪԺҲΣգ
գҶŽ޳˵Ǽһʵһ㣬ǽӽλڣռ϶ѹһټֻشǵİסˡ
Ƿֿ޳ʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ҫȥ߿һ
˵գҶ쿴ģЩǸ˵غҵҲòӣ·¼ǺţȴˣҾ͹ǻɱǼһ
ãӳ㡣ȻϣҶһ𣬲ҶҲҪȻǿ
ң޳ʵҲԶԸǸɱļһˡ
סҪǿֻҪסˣҴʱͻϸҶԽ޳˵
޳˵ͷ˵İɣֻشʱ䷨ڣǼһǰߡ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴㳯ߵͨȥ޳Ƿұߵͨ


һǧİһʮ 
ͨ룬Ҷһ߼Žɫġ⡱ִжȥһ;¼Ǻʱ·
Ҳ֪ת˼䣬˼ͨҶֻоԼͷˣڷǰĽɫġ⡱ͣһ޴ĵʯС
Ҷ漴˽ȥ裬Ͼ֪滹ʲôΣ
ʯҷǳ޴յģֻǰһ޴ĳӣţһӰɫҺ֪ʲô
Ϊһɫķ֣סһϢ
ʲôҶһѾԱߣԼȥĽɫġ⡱֣˿ͣڳԱߣȻ󻺻ɫ
漴һɫӰ۶վɫ棬ЦſҶ졣
û뵽Ԫȥܹٿǹΰ洴ľѧʮ˷ħ֣
ɫӰЦţԵ÷ǳģ֮У͸ɢ޾µĲɣУƺѾ֪˶ٸԪ
ǰҲǹһԱҶ첻ɵʵ
ɫӰ˵ͷЦ˵ǹһʵ൱׷磬긺ش˵أСǵ
˻
Ҷ첻ɵõһû뵽ǰ֮˾ȻһλߣѾվ۷ĳڡ
λߺĻҶ첻ɵúǰǹСǵҲСڴĥ𣿡
ǰﱻһ֮˷ӡǹһףģֻҪϵľ磬ܽ˵ءǲץħСӣǷŽ棬ȻڵСɱĥս顣ɫӰ˵
Ҷ찵࣬ԭﱻ֮˷ӡѹֱ˵Щˣ޷ս
Сһ˵˵ɣʮ˷ħ˭ڸģɫӰʵ
Ҷæ˵һλ˹ǰڸҵģɱһλħǿߣԼҲشòһֱλħǿߵĲãнĹռ䣬¶žѧ
ԭ˹ǸСɫӰһ̾ǹ嵱Ǻεȵǿλ𣬻һ֮ɨ棬ûκε֣췣۶֮
ϧһǿĹħ˫ƴ˸ܾ
ҶԴ˷ǳңĻùһֱͳһ棬¾൮ˣҲֻǹū
˶ʵѾˣϣҶʵлϢڣŽҶ졣
ҶԴ˷ǳҲֻЩ˵ĲԼʵ
ڴϢΪ֮˵Ƕ֪Ҫˡ
ɫӰƺӻٶȿҶ죬˵СӣԵ֣Ȼ˹Сӿ㣬ұһԵɡ
лǰҶæϲ
ɫ˰֣˵һѾˣԵҲûãϣܹǿ֮·ϣһЩæ
ǰ˵𣿡Ҷ쿴ǰһҺ
أҺѼĵرȻɡСǣֻҪﵽ񾳽磬Խڰ壬Լﵽ׼𡣡ɫӰ˵
ǰ˵ҵѾ׵ˣⶫ¶ûáҶʱЩʧʵҪܹΪıʵѾǿˣûôȡ
Ǻǣȱʧ忰׵ѾˡⲢؾͶûãҿóһɺǿѪҺΪЩѪҺŽ˿ĳ̶ȡЩѪҺ㲢ûĳףֻҪ棬԰㳹ǿѪҺһ¥ɫӰЦ˵
𣿡Ҷʱϲ֪ɫӰ˵ľѪǿһλߵľѪһȻܽȫһЩǱԼԼĳɳŻԼա
ǰЩգ϶ٴǿࡣ
ȻģҹƣʣµҺӦÿ԰㽫λĳ̶ȡɫӰ˵
ҶԴϲλ׵壬ǿǷǳǿ󣬱׵嶼Ҫǿ࣬һӵпλ׵壬ôʵȻһ¥ƻﵽλ׺ڣǽӽλ۷ˡ
ĴԵҶôܲ
лǰҶ첻ɵٴθл
ɣҵĲһʾҲ֧Ų˶ʱ䣬Ҫ˷ʱˡɫӰЦ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ȥϿյɫӰһ⣬ҶӰ
ȻҶ̧ͷɫӰǸһĨЦݡ
ɫӰɫʱһ
һ꣡ȻʱҶѾʩչʱ䷨򣬽ԼĹľѧһʩչ˳ϿյɫӰ֡
Ҷ쵱ݴ½ʱ䷨ܿ죬ֻʱ䷨ҪңžѧҲǳ£һͷţһʱ䳤ӺնɫӰû档
СӣʲôɫӰŭʱ䳤вϵţȴѲ
ǰߵʵֻһ񣬾Ҷ졣
ڣֻʣһﻹܹԿҶʱ䷨ֱӱǿʱ䷨ĥʣӡǡ
ʱ䳤ɫӰҶЦʮ仰оž仰ģֻһ仰Ǽٵģ㲻һλߣ֪ôƭˣϧѹͲǹһ塣
꣬սɱҶĳǸѾɲ⣬ɫӰҪƭǸܡ
ҶһʱѾ۲ˣһЩ⣬ɫӰĻץһЩѱ
СӣԵȻҵһƬ⡣ɫӰŭš
ΪβٿҴȥʮ˷ħӡ˵أҶߵ
ԵɫӰŭ
ı£ҼɣòȲǽɣ̫ϣǽˣԲ̲ס֣ǻ뿪˵أʧᡣϾ棬ҵѧʮ˷ħֵˡҶЦ
ɫӰ˿Ѿ׳ʱ䳤ˣ֪Լ޷ӳȥˣ²Σ̾һҵԪˣѾħһ㣬Ȳˡһаһа
˵գɫӰҶ죬̾նģȷأҲаϣнһܹ棬ʶӹ磬
һ˿̾ɫӰʱ䷨ĥ飬ʧƬռ֮С
Ҷʱ˿ؼһǰأɫȫʧ¶Цݡ


һǧİһʮ 
û˺֮ǣҶһ̤أʱһɱҺû壬·궼ˣɫĺڰ涼һ˪
Ҷ첢ûκεĲʸУоԼѪڣǱѪƺɱҺһҶ塣
ؿҶڲϵͷųһɫĹâͬһɫ̫ͷҫ۵Ĺâʯҡ
Ȼã
ҶʱϲܹܵԼڱòϵǿ
еҺҲ𽥼١
ҺܽǱصѪȫĻҿ¾˿ˡҶ찵ź
Ѿˣӵпλ׵壬սվ۷ˣ׾磬һӵкǿ
ǿǿߵǿڣӵ壬Ҷ붼롣

һͨ޳һˣҵǸɱĽǿߡ
һȫɫеӣϥһʯͻȻ޳˴ɵ۾ɫһ䡣
ʱɵЩ𾪵㣿ܣ㲻Ѿɱ𣿲ԣ֪ˣá
ҵˣԹصǰɫӣһԵţ̲סȥˡ
嶯㲻Ķ֡˵
ɫӿ޳ˣǲɵøһ˿Цû뵽ܹҵҲãұڴ˵أأţҲܹơ
ٷϻ·ȵ
޳ǰһ̤ƥĽʱϯ˶ͬһâɣʯң˶۾
ǿĽ⣬û뵽ȻܹҵһλǿߣûͻƵĻпܻᱻǸɱɫ۾ʱŽ޳ϲû¶ɫ
ǽ޳ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ɫ漴վһǿƴϯͬκһ㳯ѹȶ
λڣš
Ҳͫһ𾪵ôܣôܻͻƣ
ڽҾͲܽ𣿡ɫЦһ̽ڰбһֻ޴צŽ޳ѹ
Сĵ㣬ס촫Ѷۣ޳ɫޱأһȳ˳ȥһݺӭȥ˵ǰ
ǿĽһǵһϧҪˡɫЦţ޴צնĽâˡ
ʱ侲ֹֻȵԼ۵ʱ䷨ȫɫӵʱһ޷
ɱ޳ȻŹĺûᣬһ̳͵Ľͬ˵̵ĺˮһݺݵغɫӵϡ
ۣɫӶʱɳȥ嶼񽣹ᴩ¶һѪɫѿضŲԶֻҧû뵽Ȼʱ䷨򣬲ûãʵ̫ͣʱ䷨ҲﲻǶ٣ǣǶɣ
޳һסȵҶֻ޳
漴Ҳ˽ȥŽ޳ǿ󹥻ǿ֧ɫӿ籩һĹ
һߣϵҶ죺ӳӳǼһλڵʵ޳ҲǶ֣Ͽ
неؼʱҶ죬Ȼ۾ɵóȼһ£Ҿ
˵գҶҲû뵽Ǹ˾Ȼλڣ֮Ⱑ
㣬㣡
ҶĬ
ҺѾֻʣҶ壬Ҳﵽ˿λ׵̶ȡ
İɫҺҶ壬ɽȥ
䣡
ڣҶӳһԾһǿϢϱϯʯңΧľʯȫˡ
εĳϯȥʯҶ·Ҫˡ
ǿƾҶλ׺ˡҶս˫ȭ˷ܡ
ڵޱǿܹɵҲǳֲһȭ˺ڰħԨĿռ䣬ǿǳֲ
ʩչռô»ӽλ۷ˡ
ʵսҲָˡ
Ҫ֪Ҷڻֻλھ磬ҪǵﵽλԲ磬ܹԽλһսǾˡ
ɰǧԪûܹ񾳽λһսǼֱ񻰣ǲֵܳ漣
Ǽң
Ҷûͣ೤ʱ䣬µļǺţŽ޳ȥ
ʵͻƣٶȷǳ졣
ûãҶܵǰһֲоһλڵǿн޳Ŀֲ⡣

Ҷ쳯ǰʯҳȥʱͿһɫѹŽ޳ֻ˴ȫռϷ硣
˭
ɫҲҶ֮ͣҸܵҶɢǿϢʱɫһ䣬ؿҶ졣
ҪˣҶһֱӳ˹ȥһȭɫӣƥƵΧĿռ䶼һ֮
ߣɫһƲ޳ˣ¶޴ޱ壬ͬһȻҶѹȥ
һͷѣҹҶЦһǿȭɫĹâ̫ͬһҫۣǳҵȭͷֱӹᴩͷ޵壬ϡá
ɫŭû뵽Ҷʵôǿ󣬾ȻֻһͰ顣
Ҫ֪ްޣ屾ͬǿġ
ǿλڵʵѾλˣȻ֧ŲסҶһȭ֮
˵ˣΧսĽ޳ˣҲɴ۾𺳡
ӳ־ϲ֮ɫ
Ƕӳʵ̫ˣһɵһ֮ɫ
޳ƲһֵõʲôʵȻôࡣ
ҲҲ𣿲ȻĻôôλھ硣ֻЦ˵
Ǳһǲ̫Զˣ޳̾
̬ᲢֻۣҡͷЦ
һߣҶ챬λǿɫӴ仨ˮÿһȭͬս֮ȭ޵УԷֵסҶһȭӲغ
㣬㱨ˡ
ĶʱЦһǿϢ𽥴ϯ
ȻʱͻƵλ׳ڡ
Ҳѹ֣Ѿ߳ħĻۣȻȻͻˡ
лӳұѩޣͷų棬ɫӵյĸɸɾŹҶл
ǺǣһսӣҪ˵ʲôллġҶ˰֣˵ҪлأĻҲд˻Եʵǡ


һǧİһʮ ʱ
ڱѩޣͻסԼľ磬Ե÷ǳˣҶ͸Ӹмˡ˿̵ͬһƵģǰǱóˣһĹʱغ졣
Ҷʩչʮ˷ħ֣ٴκ俪ӡˣ˵磬ż֮ϡ
ҶɢǿϢ޳˹Ľ˵һõʲôȻʵһӱôࡣ
֮ǰΪڱǱֲѪһֱûг棬õһµıأǵıҺһЩѪǱصľλ׼𡣡ҶЦ˵
޳ֻԶ̾񾳽磬пλ׵壬ԪҲָ
׼ô죿ֻʵдŹâʵ̫࣬ʺٺǴһˣһ֣˶ˣĻᶼûá㲻֣֪ʵҲԶǣս
Ҷ뵽⣬̾Ǽһ£ǽλ۷徳Ҳáڿֻһ뿪ˡ
ӳȻˣҲ׼뿪ˡʱ򿪿˵мؿҶ죬ʵͻƣҲ㹻ˣ׼Ҹط׼׾硣ӳұ˳׼Ժ㡣
ңҲԸӳæ˵
޳ƲƲǸŮɣ
ٺ٣ٺЦţҲ˵վĺ档
ͨһƬ漴ݺݵһۡ
ҶЦ˵˵ˣһսӵĶѣ㱨쾭壬㲻øҡȻ׼ʱһһ򣬵ʱȥμǵĻ񡣡
ӳ㲻Ҫ˵Ķʱߺ졣
Цӳʲôطھ͸Ϲȥֻ񡣡
ͷһ߷ɳȥ
ҶЦãҵķڰɽȻصأǾȥɡȻҲӭչس׾磬һǰŵطġ
úúãȻãڲԶ˷ܵĴе
ӳĶ˶ţһߺ졣
Ҷ졢޳ֻ˹Ц
뿪˺ڰħԨأһ·ĵˣɽҶ춼Ҫ֡
һˣɻصء
һף˫˫ȥǰɽ
ֻҶ졢޳ֻˣۼսڣ׼ֱ
ҾˣأǼ齨սӣѡУҶ첻ɵÿ޳ֻ
޳˵ҺֻشˣǶѡУϾǵʵҲˡ
ҲãԪѾԶˣҲҪӿմﵽλԲ硣Ҷ˵ͷ˵
Ǿڴ˷ֱɣټǳ׾֮ʱֻ˵
޳ҵ⣬˵һ̤׾ġ
һģ
Ҷֻ˵ͷ
˽սѡһʧڻ谵С
ͽ޳ֻǷֱҶٴڰħԨû˿ԥ˽ȥ
ڰħԨôҲлżܹٵõأҵʵܹٽһˡ
Ҷ찵뵽
пռ߲ݵزڰΪٶȷǳ죬ԱͿԾսˣҪڰ
ԣıֻҪ뾡취ʵ֮
ǵĿǽ׾磬Ҷ첻һĿǳΪ׺һٴﵽߵľ硣
Ҷ˵ˣֻҪۻʵǿʱ򣬳ʱһλ׳ڣλڣλ׺ڡλ۷壬˵
Ϊ׾Ƕ򣬶򡢻
ǸʱеһʧǸʱǻŨʱ
֮󣬱㿪ʼϵµ棬ʱһж
ԣʱֶΪŨʱҲֻʱ򣬲л׾硣
һЩӵǿʵʱץסһٿԽΣΪǿס
һٸԪǰһţڽ׵ʱһٿԽλ׳ڣ̤λھ硣
ŷ۾ʥЩѾվ۷ǿߣǵ׵ʱҲԽλ׳ڡ
ܹԽһ磬ѾǷǳˣһЩŶѴﵽ
ڿԽ磬ǼԪָ
ڿԽ磬ǸǴ˵еĴڣʷмصģҲΨλӶĴʼߡŮ
ԽĸϵģǾʹûֹˣ˵ʷϣûгֹ
Ҳûеʱųֹ
ҶĿǿȻ񾳽ʵôȻϣڳ׵ʱܹԽһ硣
λŮȻԿԽ磬һ׾磬ʹﵽλ۷徳硣ôҲҪԽ磬ﵽλ۷塣
Ҷ찵뵽
֪ԼȼӶĴʼŮ𣬿»ᳰЦϾλŮʼߣλͽܣױ̵ܵ츳Ǳ
ҶȻ츳ˣǱ𵱳Ůȴǲ˺ܶࡣ
ҶҲԼĵǾռʮ˷ħ֣ơ
ռռĳɾͣȽ޳ռĳɾ͸߶ˡ
򣬵ǿģûж١
һЩףҲδܹڵ棬ǿҶ졣

ڰħԨеӷǳģΪ̫ΣˣԽǿ̫ˣҶһεʮ꣬Ҳֻһˡ
һѪħǿߣλڵʵҶǰӲˣ׾ٵغɱ
ɱ˴֮ҶεںڰħԨѰҹż
ֹʮ꣬ҵһżҵһأϧҺѾɿݣȻǱˣûһ£һˡ
ҶпռڰҪ뿪ˣϾϰ꣬ʲôջҲûС
ǣĿռϰ֮ڿʼλڽӽˡ
أٹһЩܴ꣬ﵽλھˡ
ʱʵһ¥λԲҲ͸ˡ
ڴڼ䣬Ҷ֪ݴ½ЩǣҲ½̤սһķˮһš
ͽС̣ҲսʼԼ֮·
һꡭʮꡭꡭǧꡭ
ʱ飬תԪĵʱսԽԽ֣ܶԪĩڵţӿս׼ʱڣץסһɳ죬׷ǳã׾硣


һǧİٶʮ 
˵ȱٵıʱ䡣
޵׸ڣǶЩŶԣֻһԪʱ䣬һԪǾûм׾ˡ
ԪкܶܶĳţΪڼԪĩڣû㹻ʱ䣬ձʷС
ԣԪĩڣţӶţ̻ţȫƴۣƴۻų׾ıǮ

Ӧսĵʮˣ
ڰħԨһ޴ĺ½ϣϥһΰӰ
˾Ҷ졣
ѾڰħԨתʮ꣬Ҳڽת˱顣
죬Ҷ׼뿪ڰħԨˣΪ沢ûпڶҺأѾɿݣмʣºٵҺá
ʮĿռڵõͻƣıҲһ̤λڡ
ҶʵٶıѾ˿λ۷ǿս
Ҫ֪սڣǲܹʹġ
ҪҶ촩װѪӣôڵսλ׵Уǿˡ
񾳽ӵ˿µսԪҲֻλӶŮ
ԽҪķѵʱԽԽࡣ
ҶҪ׵λ۷徳磬Ʋ֪Ҫ꣬пռҪķѵ£ҲһӴ֡
ϾҶڵĿ꣬Ҫĺڰ
ĺڰıԴһֻ֣ÿһֶޱߣǿţҲҪķȥС
սԽԽˣȴԽԽˡҶ뿪˺ڰħԨǿɨӳȥû˿ڲԼϢ޼ɵɨΧʱ˲ǿߣ˶С
ʮȥˣԽԽ˻㹻ʵѡ뿪ս׼׾硣
ֻЩڼԪĩڵţűһϣսƴ
˭һŭԶ
ŵļһȻô޼ɵطųͲܵΧ𣿡˾ȻǸܵҶǹǿ
һеǷˣȻôţĳϥڶеǿߣȻ۾Ҷķȥ
ò˵ڰħԨεǿߣǸĶǿߡ
ǲҶǹ޼ɵɨʱʱŭˣһЦţҶķȥ
һЩǿߣҶϢɵһѶѡ
λֵܣ޼ɵųѾΧжǿ߷ˣȰ㻹ǸϽ뿪ҵطһɣ
˺Ĵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦųԽԽĵط̽ȥ
Ѿٵжǿ߳ˣʵǿƥѾ޵Уǿţһеˡ
ýɱ䣡
ҶЦų
Զɷ죬һǿĴڣڻ谵г֡һ˫˫񣬴͸ڰҶ졣
Щжǿߣٶλ׳ڵʵѪħģҲģħģġ
ЩĵжǿߣҶңңɱ
ڲԶжħԼˣվԶ
ˣʱҲԸֽ
ΪҶǵĵ̫ˣһĴ򣬼ǲֽҲ
ȥĸжǿߣ֮ࡣ
ЩˣʵĶλ׳ڣǿģʮλ׺ڵĳǿߡ
Ѿվ۷壬׼뿪սˡ
ǣΪҶ޼ɵһˡ
СӲ֪˵𣿡ȻһߴѪɫӰȺ֮߳Ŀ⣬Ҷ죬ɱϯ羪κˡ
һǿߣλڵǿʵ
ǿûУ˵ˣƺֻλھ磬ӾȻô󣿡
Ƿˡ
ѪħһǿߣſλڵʵСˡ

ԶȺ۷׷ס
ǿҶĿ⣬ͬ飬ǳ
Ҷ쵭ؿѪħǿߣһֻƣбúܴ󣬳ŶԷѹȥ
ȻҶҳ֣
Ѫħǿߴŭɵһɳ죬һ̤Ҷ졣
ûҶһλڵСӰˣ츳ǿܹǿȥ
ЩվںһڵжǿߣҲ˫ۣûһ֡
ϾҲҶľ磬öԸһСһûҪһ֣Ǹ˿Ц
Ʒͷ㣬ЦҸҴģСӹֻ֧סһУˡ
аɣȻĻҲԲĵˡ˳Ц
ŰɣҶС֮ǰ϶Ƿħˣѣһᱻŵʺ֮ɫ

˲ɵõĴЦ
Ǻܿ죬ǵЦݾˡ
ΪǰǸλʵѪħǿߣȻҶһѹˣֱӸˡ
֣
һͻ𾪵صɴ۾ԵЩš
һƾһλڵѪħǿߣһֻλڵΪ
ежǿߣȫɫһ䣬еĳЦʱʧˣȡ֮һƬ֮ɫ
ҶѪħǿߵ̤ʬ棬ؿһȺжǿߣһϰɣ˵Ҳǻᡣ
ͬһҶ£޵Ϣɨս

Բѣ

һڵжǿ߶ʱŭˣȻղűҶǿʵƬ̣ȴ޷Ҷ㿴ԼǶԼϵ衣
ЩѪħǿߣѹû˿ôҶӣ
ʱһӰȺ֮гɱҶ졣
˺һȭ춯أѪⱩǣû˾졣
ĳһƣΪһ޴մ½Я̫ħҶѹƥ
һ˺ޡ
һ񷡭
ʮֲĹһҶûС
ԶսˣҶˣһӵпλ׺ʵǿߣҲֵסô˵ȫһ
Ȼҳɢȥâ価һΰӰ˵ݶסˡ
Ҷԭأûһƣ۾貵Ľɫ⣬գǳҫ۶Ŀ
찡
Ȼţ
۾𣿡

սˣȫһ𺳡
ЩжǿǣҲɴ۾һš
ҳˡҶЦһ̤նһͳЩֵĵжǿǰ

ѪӵҶУУһƥѪɫâ񷣬˺ʱճӣһƬѪܵԴ
һɱʮλжǿߡ
Ƭ򣬶ʱѻȸ˶ס˺ͫ׽


һǧİٶʮһ ɨ
Ƭأ˶һ𺳡
Ҷǿʵ˾ЩжǿߣһŴˣǽɫҰף֮ǰˡ
սȺҲǸ𺳲ѡ
Ҷһˣȴ˶һȺжǿߵķâ
ʱ˿̣أƺֻʣҶһ˵ӰȻûôߴ󣬵ȴ˸еΰͬһ޷壬ֻӡ
˭ʵľǿߣ޵ţԲ֮
ιģѵʶ𣿡жǿѯʲԶһȺˡ
һˣ˿Ѿޱȣ˷ܣ˴ۣľսսӵĶӳ
ԣţӦҶ죬һսĵһҵʱҲμˣϵһȴɫ𾪵˵
Ҷ죿ĪǾǸŷ۾Ϊ״ӵĳţһǿ߾
һεı֮УҶɨǣߴĳǶס
ټŷ۾ĴڣҶ֮Ѿߴ򣬱һߴ֪
ԭҶ죬ǿ츳ѹᱻŷ۾Ϊ״ˡ˸̾ǰҶܲǽȴǷˡ
ܹλھ磬ôµʵԪмܹõ
ԭҶ죬ֻּҪ˭ɱͽܶ౦λСһżʵľҶĿ⣬Ҳû֮ǰĿ־壬ֻһƬ̰֮ɫ
ҲѪħĴУֻҪɱܶࡣѪħǿҲȵ
Ҳһ˶ѣһ֣ɱ˴òĶ
һڵжǿߣ׷׳Ҷһ޴ɱ󣬸أһƬɱ
Ƭսɱûƺˡ
ҪҪæϾҶĳţǰ;ŷ۾״ӡǿ˵
ôæˣɱģȥ·һ˵ȻԸæϾǷɶ˻Щжǿ̫ˡ
ȿ˵ɣҶ첻ɵӣȻôȻԱİա˵
ܰɣжǿ̫ˣ㿴ʮλ׺ڵǿߣʼˣǾȻһɱ󡣡˾
ԶһڵжǿߵУһΪǿͿֲ
ʮλ׺ǿɵľ޴ɱͬһѪɫڻ谵εţ·Ҷɱ
սӵλ׺ڵǿʵվ۷壬еĳš
οʮһһɱ󣬿λ۷ǿߣܹһս˰ɣ
ԶˣҶˣǿţҲһǸʵ
ǽĳȫĿɿڴ
ֻҶһɳ죬ѪӵƥĹâĵжǿһƥĵâ˺գжǿߵȺУһƬѪɫӡ
ɱ¾죬ޱߡ
Ҷֱ޵ˣһѪӵ̤գոߵжǿߵû˿Եסһ֮
ȥɣ
ʮλ׺ʵĳɱһɱǽҶסȻ󷢶УҶ
䣡
Ҷη壬Ȼһ˺ɱȻ˳
ռ߶˼ޣϵӡУƥĵ⳹Ѫɫâ˺Ѳռ䣬ɱ˷
ΧĵжǿߣʱҺһƬ
ôܣʮλ׺ʵĵжǿߣɵɫҰףš
ԶĹսߣȫˡ
Ҷ̫ˣͬһ޵еսսĴɱû˿Եסľâ
ɱúã
ã
̫ˣ

ǿߣȫ˷ܵĴһͨ죬ҶĿУ˳֮ɫ
սһֱѪħǿѹţûгֹĳ棬ֱ̫ˡ
ΧЩħţɵһĽ֮ɫҪҲĳžͺˡ
ԶҶ컹ڼɱ¾ЩΧɱĵжǿߣʱѾɱ˲ˣѾ˿ʼӴˡ
ߣ
ҶߣΧѪⱬƥĵϯȥγһƬֲĵ򣬽еĵ˶棬ߡ
ҪɱҪɱĸɸɾ
Ҷг˷ڵɱ⣬Ѫħħǿ߰ɱĳ棬Ŀ
죬ڿԱѩˡ
ɱЩжСǣ׾磬ȥսɱЩжס
ҪɱЩжǿߵɱԺ˶Ҫ£ɱ޵ˡ
ɱ
ҶסѪӵƥ񵶹âɣΪһ޴ĵѪӣᴩսǰһжǿɡ
ҽʱ಻ЩжǿǣȫҶɱĵһЩ˿ڲԵغţħħ
Ӱ˴һѪɫâѸû
Ҷ쳹޵ˣɢһɸâͬһֳո
û˿ԵסĽŲһжǿߣȫѪӵ֮¡
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ҶѪɫâɣһɿֲĵ⣬նˣ޾
޵һּįʲ񷡣
Զʣʮλ׺ʵĵжǿߣһ־ؿҶ죬г˾
ҶǵУѾ׳ΪħΪ˸ɱǷģǴûֲš
ǶһţǸĳţս۷ڡ˿̣ǶҶɱɱˡ
Լ֣ҪҶ֣ҶĿɨеѪӵָʣµʮжǿߣ˵
ʮжǿȻк£֪ԼӲɵһϣƴˡ
ǳҶ죬ͬɶ˻һ㣬ͷųԼȫս
ߣҶһǰһ̤еѪӵâɣһѪɫӹᴩ񷣬ʮжǿȫɽȥ
ҽʱ
Ҷ֮Ҳɱ˽ȥʣʮжǿߣһһնɱ
ҶֳѪӵһԾվһ߷棬ǰ޾Ѫɫأ̶ĳХ
Զսˣ޵е֮£̲סľͳҶ
ֻǰĲƴϣǲ֫壬һſѪܵԴĵǣɫѪҺɫѪҺء
ЩҶĵжǿߣȫҶһ˸ɱˣս棬ѵʬѪĿģǳֲ
Ҷվڸ߸ߵɽϣֳѪӵͬһʬĵԼս
ֺһ¶ߣһƷζ޵УƷζį
ߴʤ


һǧİٶʮ ƶ
Ƶսޱߵɱ¾Ϣһɴ̱ǵѪϢǰͬ޵һĳ˶̲סо쬵ġ
һ޵ˣս˭Ķ֣
⵽ӵǿ츳ֻλڣȴλ۷ʵԪм
Ҷ졭ҾãӦýѪӣӣѪɺӡ
һӦýħ̫ˣôˣͱһɱĸɸɾ
ҿӦýС۾Ѿŷ۾ʱķ緶ʤһ

ԶȺ۷׷ףѼ̸Ҷ졣
ǰһɱ¾ˡ
ҶӰԶǼС
΢΢ɨ˲ԶһۣҶûᣬѪӵ̤գԶȥ
Χ۵ȺˣҲɢȥ
ǵĴݣҶ֮ʼսϴ
ΪһսѪӡޡħȳɱ¾ĳƺš
һУҶ޹ء
ѾսϺţĵжǿߣȫһһնɱ
ܶԷǶߣսӣֻҪҶ죬ֻ·һ
ȻҶķΪҲòٵжǿΧɱǽȻ·һӶӲ
أҶԽԽڵĵطжǿ߶׷˱ᣬΨֲɱ¾
Ҷһ꣬Ҳһˡ
жǿߣѾɱһԶڵĵط
ȻжԸģ
򣬻Ѫħ򣬶ߴĴڣǴûôԼһѹƣ
һǿȻڶˣǹﻹİ
ħȻ򣬵ȴһֱ򵱳ɶ֣סʯͷĵˣǵȻҲҶվǵͷŰ衣
Ȼ֯ٴιɳٸˣȥ޻أҶɱˡ
Ϊһѵû˿ɱҶ𣿡һǿŭ
Ѫħǿǲͷʲôʱͷˣֱǳ裬谡Ѫħһǿߴ
ǿģ˭ܱȵǵţֻǵĶѾ뿪սĻһССҶ죬ܹ˻ǿ˵
Ҷʲôħһǿħߴеĵ򡣡ħǿҲ
ǶϢԵϣĸ߲ܹһЩѾ뿪սĳţɱҶ졣

Ҷ죿Ǹŷ۾״ӣһڱչصűѣüͷ΢壬õؿǰԼλס
һԪĩڵĺ󱲶ѣԪڵġǰȥɱŷ۾״ӣûгɳҲԳ֣Ͳм˵
ǰλæЦⲻû취Сʵ̫ǿˣɱţԪڵļĶֻ֣ܷˡ
ŶСʵԶʱ¶Ȥ
ɲСӲλڣλھʵŮҲˣĸ߲һСӳɳս׽ȥֻܿЩųˡλæ˵
˵ͷЦã֪ˣ϶ǰսǸҶλʱҡ
ѾסֻҪһսͿֱȥˡλײɵ˵

Ѫħ
һλضǰ˵¾ӣǸŷ۾״̫ˣѾɱѪħܶţӶ˺üλֻˡ
ȻףǰǰȴҲֻܵ
ΪǰԪǿĵӣȻֻǼԪڲŵģʵȴԪǿģھ֮ףųʥǱľ


һһ곯սȥǴһ˿ЦݣһСȻҪЩͷҲǻ̫ãͿˣֱڵ
ҲգȻҪȥһսǾɱĹ񫣬ЩжķȫɱˣҲ׵һ򡣡

ħ
һ߹ضǰĽ˵ʥӣһ˲õţʥȥɱ
սʥӵ˵Ŀƽʥࡣ
սɱ䣬ɱѪħħǿ߶߷ŭ
ʥӵЦȻȻѪħȥɱֺαضһأ
ˣħܹɱǴǵħŸһ𣿡˵
ʥҡҡͷ˵ʥǰ㾳ˣںҪɱҲҪҽ֮ȥսɱЩǿߣŸá
Ű߻Ҫ˵ʥӰ˰֣̾ˣ˵ˣˣһȥսɱġ
߶ʱ뿪ˡ

Ҷķ񣬵жĳŷ׷ױ˳ʼս
һƵĸ߷ϣҶںս޼ͨ
Ҷ̫˰ɣ˵ˣж˲ټԪڵɱˣ㻹СĵΪս޼˵
ҶЦãɱһǾͻһף񡣡
˵ڵսжˣһǺ棡ս޼˵
ҶɨԼһۣʾǧսЩͷüˡ
ʲôӽĸ˰ս޼Բɵþ漴ЦôսҪһٶôණһ𣿡
أҪʲôıңҵսҲòꡣҶЦ˵
ҾͲˣҵöһһЩӿıԪˣܴﵽλԲ磬Ҿ׾Եˡս޼˵
ţһʱҸ֧սҶ˵ͷ
Щݴ½ĳţŲ׵Ǳÿ˶лΪ׷ĳǿߣҶȻϣǶܹ׾硣
ɣԽԽãɱǣҲ뿪սˡ
ս޼ͨҶ쿴ԶѪɫأгɱ
Щж򼴽ĳţеǳڴ뿴ԼԪ۷Σ


һǧİٶʮ ɫҶ

սһ޷ϣҶϥü֮ͷųһ۵ĽɫԣͬһԵ÷ǳʥ
걦ٶͻƣһµĲΡ
úҶ컺۾︡һ˿˷ܣôҵ걦ٴͻƣʹҵԪﵽ˿λ׵ĲΡ
Ԫͻƣټӵпλ׵壬ʵٴεõ޴
ˣԪͻƣҶڰٶҲӿ˺ܶࡣ
Ǿ߿ռҹֵڲڰ򣬴ʱԪͻƣڰٶȸˣλ۷徳ǰ
ʮ꣬Ҿܽλ۷徳磬ʱʣµһٶ꣬ҴﵽλԲ磬׶˵ֻʣʱ⡣
Ҷ찵˿
˿̵Ҳõʱ䲻ˣѾûּȸˡ
ףԣֻʣʱˡ
Ҷ죬ѪħλԪǿĵˣ¾ӡŲԪѪħӣڳǸţĿ¾㡣
̫Ѷ
ҶԶİɫգǲɵøһ˿ЦѪħȻģҲãɱӣԪǾٵܶǱǿˡ
Ҫ֪ЩӿɶѪħľӢһ׾磬ͲһףҲŴﵽλ׵Ǳ
һȺδǿߣδĴУҶ쵱Ȼɱǵ
£Ҷʧڸ߷ϡ

ɽӣȾѪɫĹΣسɱϢ
Զʣ򣬶Ѫɫۣ˵ģЩơ
һѪɫսӵĶӳһĴ磬Ѫħһλǿĵӣθ¾һսģ׼ɱҶ졣
ʲôǵʵʱҶ˲㡣ѪɫսӶӳĴüͷߵ
ѪɫսӵĶӳæЦ磬ҶСɱҵĶѣҪۿ¾ɱҲܰġ
Ǽʵ̫ҲˡѪɫսӶӳĴ粻м˵㣬ܹҶߣˡ
ѪɫսӵĶӳһʵСҲͱǿһ㣬û뵽ŶꣿȻѾﵽֵزҪ¾Գ֡
ѪɫսӶӳĴߵ¾̫ˣȻĻһ˾ɱҶ졣ϾֻһλڵС츳ǿǿȥ
ſλ׺ڵǿʵԪߴһܹǿĲ100ѪɫսӵĶӳݵؿԼĴ˵ġ
ǵȻ
ѪɫսӶӳĴһ⡣
Ȼո£һѪɫĳ㴩塣бǿĻ֮һӾʹݻ壬񶼸䱬ˡ
磡ѪɫսӵĶӳɴ۾ʧش
ոջ̸ЦĴ磬Ȼôˣ
ңѪħԪһǿĵӣſλ׺ڵʵȻ˵һжûеס
ûп˵ݡ
ԭĴ磬ϧʵ̫ˣһΪʵжǿҪɱҡҶӺ󷽴
֪ʲôʱѾѪɫսӶӳ棬ӺϰγѪӵȻѪҺѪɫսӵĶӳ˵ּˣ
ѪɫսӵĶӳһɷףҶĿУ˾
ϴˣһΣ㻹ܵõ𣿡ҶЦѪӵѪɫսӵĶӳ
ߵĺÿһԽգܿѪɫսӶӳǰһǿѹѪɫսӵĶӳɫһס
Ҷ죬ҸƴѪɫսӵĶӳ֪ԼӲһȼԼľѪӳѪħ棬˽ӽλ׺ڵǿʵҶȥͬһѪɫľ޴󳤺磬˺ǿա
Ҷ¶֮ɫЦмʵ̫ǰһ
˵գеѪӵռϯչһ޴Ѫӣǿձ˰ѪɫսӵĶӳĹȫסˡ
ռʮ
Ҷͺһ
ʵͬʩչռʮȴﵽһ־˵ĵز
걦ͻ֮󣬴ﵽ˿λ׵Ԫ磬ʩչռӵĿֲˡ
ֻʮ޴Ĺʯͬʮ޴磬ЯƥѪɫսӵĶӳѹȥ
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ǿĻǰѪɫսӵĶӳ޷ֵѪħȼվѪĴ߶£Ҳʮ޴ʯѹסˡ
Ѫħ˲
ҶһҪ˫֮Ĳ̫ˡ
ѪɫսӵĶӳ飬౦
ͻȻһɫĹâԶ
ţҶһʱƣǿգɫĹâץס
ȥһƬɫҶӣԵ÷ǳ֪λǿŪĶֻǹâ貣ȴûκε
ԣƬҶȻζ̫˼ˡҶͻȻ
ԪλףȻ࣬ܿͷƬҶӵĲ֮ͬ
ıԲѪɫսӶӳܹӵеģ϶֪Ǵʲôصõġ
Ͼսкܶ䣬񵱳ҶĹżһ
ƬҶûκεĹͷһԿףĳ֮ءҶ󰵰뵽ԽԽֿԺܴ
ƬҶ漰򣬾ԲܹŪģҲס
ң뻹λϵǿߣ͵ȼףܰġһƬҶ棬ּɺʵһǲӵеġ
Ҳգҿ֮صʲôطҶ߶ƬɫҶڣʱƬҶӣ㱬۵ĹâͬһǣҪƣԶ
Ҷ۾һʱָǰȥ
ɫҶҶӳ£ٶȷǳ죬Ҷȫǰֻǿ棬ǻһˣͱ˦Զˡ
ѪɫսӵĶӳõƬҶӣҲδȥ֮ءҶ찵뵽
ʵϣѪɫսӶӳȻ֪߶ƬɫҶӣǵʶƬҶӵĿֲٶ֮󣬾ûôˡ
ҪȵʵǿһЩʱȥ̽ѰƬɫҶеܣϧעûˣΪѾҶɱˡ
ƬɫҶӣճΪҶսƷ
꣡
ɫҶӣҶսϼǰ
ЩѾ߱ս֪ƬҶҪȥʲôطҶ۾һ߼ǰĽɫҶӣһ߰ڴ
ƬɫҶ˲Ծǿ֣֮ȻСĻ
뵽Ҷ쿪ʼЩڴͼˡ


һǧİٶʮ 
֣
սһأ̺ΣգȺڰħԨҪ£ûпλ׺ϵʵȥɡ
Ҷ֮ǰʮУѾ˵һˡ
򣬲ȴԱ˲򣬶γһƬɱ׶ҪΣա
Ҷ֮ǰʵǿ󣬶˲ƣɼĿ¡
һƬ֮⣬ûĶҶתһȦˡ
ʱƬɫҶӣҶһƬ֡
ݣ
ҶӵĿУֻƬɫҶӻһɫ⣬һÿֵ֮
֮Խ֣ΪЩľʴѾˣ˺֦⣬ûһƬɫҶӡ
ֿȥ·һϢ˸еɭ¡
䣡
Ҷ漴Ž֣һɱ·һߣЯɭµϢϮıͷƤ顣
ߣ
Ѫŷ
ҶһеѪӵĹע£貵Ѫ⣬һ棬һĻ⡣
޼᲻ݣûбѪӵݻ٣ֻǱ˰ɣֳҶ칥ɱ
ңһ仯һɫɢһɿֲһĺɫƬ˸ŽԵĹ󣬺˸ɱȻԵ쳣ʵ
ռʮ
ҶѪӵŷʩչռ
Ҵ⣬Ϊⶫ۶ɣǳԽ壬ֱ޼᲻ݣͬȼķܽݻ١
Ƕͬȼķֻͻ
Ȼߵȼʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨Ҳܹݻ
ֻҶ첻Ըչʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ˣΪַ򻹺Ҳ򲻵ѣҲԸⱩ¶ַ
ҶֻռԿǰλ۷弶ʵ걦ͻƣʵӽλԲˡ
ǿʵսֱ޵еġ
ˣҶ첢η壬ֳѪӵǰ·һ֣С
䣡
Ҷչڰҵ漴ӿٶȣ׷ŽɫҶӶȥ
ɫҶڽƬ֮ٶȼ࣬һԽһÿֵ֮
һþ޴֮ɢŨϢˣҲǹͺͺģ֦沢ûһ˿Ҷӡ
ϣ۳ʮͬһĺڰҶɱ
û뵽ƬɫҶӻ˵أⶫħʲôϵҶһ߶һüͷ
֣Ǳǰħ˵ģ棬ǰħǿʮһ𹥻ӵλ۷弶ʵӦ
ãҶ걦ͻƣʵһ¥Ҳ塣
ʱȫʩչռʮ˷ħ֣вϵعħ
ͬʱҶҲڹעƬɫҶӡ
ֻƬɫҶӾȻЩֱӴд˹ȥħǰȻôƮƮ˽ȥ
⡭Ҷ첻ɵһ
Ȼһ̣ǰħ㳹׷˾޴ı仯ɫҶ֮󣬾ȻŷһǿϢӿȵ˷ϯȥΧȫɢˡ
ˣħɿʼһƬƬ̵Ҷӿʼɺ֦ɣҲʼһƬ
찡
Ҷ쾪
˶ԡƬǿϢУǿɲԪûаΪˣǺΧ֮һǿԪš
һ˲䣬ҶоԼ·õһ˴嵽꣬ʼڶһﵽһߵĲΡ
׾𣿡
Ҷ̲סһΪʵ̫ˬˣͺӷ˽λʱһ顣
Ҷ첻֪㲻׾磬Ѿ֮ǰ񾳽粻ͬˣﵽһߵΡ
ͬʱҶҲоԼǿ࣬ڵʵٶȵõͻƣﵽ˿λԲ
ҲΪҴﵽ񾳽ܹﵽļʹҵˡӦòףΪѾʱճӣڡڣûֳѵ⾳Ҷ찵뵽
ҶԴѾˣоԼѾսﵽ˼ޣҲܹʵˣ뿪ս

ҶߵͬʱƬǿԪ֮£ʼųһƬƬҶȫ³˳
ԭһƬ֣ѾһƬ֡
˵Ժ󣬿²ǽأǱʥأᱻߴǿᡣҶɨһۣɵ˵
ΪƬ޾ԪЩֻҪǽڴһʱ䣬ʵʥأ˭Ҫ
սߴǿߣƬָù˭
£ֻȭͷܾһС
޳ֻش硭ǸϿ֡Ҷ漴ֵϢݳȥݴ½Щǡ
ˣҶ׼֮ٸǣϾҲ˽׵ˣöȻԼá
ϾƬڵԪ࣬ǹһʱЩԪῪʼ½ձһƽĳ̶ȡ
ԣʼʱڣڴЧá
֣ȥֵطʲôڵʵɣüͷ
ֻЦ˵ҶȻ˵ˣǿ϶кôȻڵʵҲҪǰæ
Ҷǲ淢ʲôöս޼ЦǺǵ
ȥ˵ʶһ֣Ϸһûж룬ϳֳ
ݴ½Ҳˣôദǳͬһط֮ѾﵽһܸߵĲΡ
ҶĻǶǳΡ
ҶЦŴѶ֣ѾΪȥʽˣ֪ˣǵʱ϶ᱻһ
УŪ顣޳ߵ
ǺǣǺþûоһˣѵҶϵˣһЩˮʱǲ顣̫Ц
⻹࣡а֮ӵЦ
һݴ½ţȫֶȥ
ֻ̫𡢽޳а֮ӡϷ硢ҶʥС̡ս޼ׯȫˡ
˿̣Ҷǰǿþ޴ħ
Ӧý֮ˣΪѾͷų򣬶ǳһƬ嫵Եʥַ
ϣʱ¶һţһ˴С貣֪ʲô
ҶҲ֮ǰħ£ôأ
ȥֱӴ˹ţڲ
ʱһƬҵĹâϯ̵۾ÿֻͨȥǰһС


һǧİٶʮ 
ͬڱǽĹռһҲһĿռ䣬ȴǳȶҶǰҲһߴ顣
鲢ΣһɫĹţıһ
ȻѾ꣬ӵʶ
Ҷ첻𺳣תѾǳˣȻܹô쵮ֱ꣬Ҳ̫ˡ
࣬ǳл㣬ҵıҵĲɢһ󲨶Ȼγͨԡ
ꣿҶɻ
ƬɫҶӣЦ˵ںܶԪǰ͹ħչմսһսذ޹⣬ʵ̫ˡʱƬټĵȴҲһƽĵطȫΪ˹ħսЩ飬ҲСΪ˱סһҽԼıӡһƬɫҶԼı𾳽磬ΨһһӶǿķԼһֱ񡣡
ҵı겻֪Ưĺηһֱ죬Żصҵߡԣ࣬ҷǳл㣬û㣬ҿ»Ҫάֲ𣬰յ
귢ӳһƵĲ
Ҷ˰֣Ц˵㲻ÿһҪлأûԪҲܵõһ
Ǻǣõټ⣬ӵôӴԪڶǵѵҴĶ飬˵˵ɣֻҪܹ쵽飬Ҷᱨ㡣
Ц˵
ǷǳмҶ죬ΪѾԪҶƬɫҶӣҪһֱȥ
ӵļ࣬û취ܣҿһѾµļį
Ҫǻ࣬飬ôʼձһطͱƷˡ
粻ˣҵõĺôѾ࣬˵ҲҪʲôæҶҡҡͷ˵
ҡͷУҵĶ̫ˣİɣҾʱ㣬ҲҪ뿪ƬĴ֮أйλ֮õķӡҵѹ̫ǿˣһʵʩչ
ðɣˣ磬ʵ൱ʲô𣿡ҶͻȻʵ
ЦӦ൱λ۷徳ɣٶȺȫʱĻۣϧһֱĻ׷ˡ
λ۷壡
Ҷ쵹һѾˣ浱УѾǷǳǿĴˡ
λѾǸ߲ˣӵһЩȨԲһЩߡ
״Բ׷ϵǿߣǶڸĶǿߣڸ֧ޣҲûж١
뵽һλǿ߸ԼߣҶʱһ󼤶˷ܣɱǿˣ״Բϵǿߣ˭˵
գҶʱ˵ǳӭ磬ʹҵаɣھ𣿡
֮ǰû뵽Ѿݴ½ˣҪˣ˻ʲôãƬʥؿ¾Ҫ֮ʧˡ
Ͼ֮γʥأǿ
ǺǣʱУҸողںϱ꣬뻹Ҫʮʱָ»ָ۷ľΪڴ˵ȴ뿪ֻҪʮ֮˽ҾС˵
һڴ˵ȴɣʮ꣬ҵʵٴǿҶ˵
ͷһָʱ򣬻᲻ϵֻҪҸȷԵõһЩôңҿóλڣﵽλԲʵǿţڹ͹ħ壬Ҳǳϡ٣Ǳ
ɵӣΪһ͸Ҷ죿ܣǿҶľ޴ǱԸҶġ
Ͼ飬˵飬ʵĵرûʲôһһЩǿ߷֣ôȴ³ҡ
Ҷ죬һٶãҲܺá
ҶʵǿûвҶǱڴùϵδܺãͨһʱദҲҶıԲ
ЩּѡҶ졣
ˣ磬һһЩҪʱ⡣Ҷ漴˵
ûϵٶ࣬ҶûӰ졣Цҡҡͷ
磬㵮ô磬֪ûмλ֮ǹħλ֮ҶЩʵ
ڵ棬𶼺˵֮ˣǾ͸ûˡ
ԣ֮Ȳεǿߣеǳ档
֮Գ𾴣˼һſڸ̾ȻƬĩմսʱλ֮֮սһЩ涼ˡԣǵȵʱȴֻܷΧһƬ磬ˣǶǱǳսˡ
ԭˣҶ첻ɵ𺳣涼ˣ֮ʵ֪ȻЩ棬Ȳ棬ҲһȥԴݻٵģٶ
ʱϵǿߣڹսϾǵȲεǿߣһֳʤǾⳡеĹؼϧλ֮ʵմͬھ
λ֮䣬ù͹ħ嶼Ⱥʼ˴ս˶սˣ涼սʬƯѪ٣ֱһƬĩ硣
̾
磬ƬսҶ첻ɵʵ
Цǹǰѵǿߵĵط֮õķӡǳİȫԣԷ֮󣬱һλǿ˵ءȻһֱڴ˵ˡ
ôЩ㶼ڳ𣿡Ҷʵ
̾ʱ䶼ˣǳ񾳽ǡ˴˴лỽҡôԪֻѹһΣҲһ࣬죬һ㻹ҪǿĳšĺţҪǵڹ壬֮Ľ̵δԿԳΪ֮
ӵ֮ǱҶԾ
Լ츳ѾǳˣҲֻһǱѣҪﵽ𾳽綼ѡ
Ǹ죬Ȼ֮ǱҲ̫˰ɡ
ҶĻǳΣϾԪڣλ֮ⷽ棬۹һЩʥҪ
𣿡Ҷ첻ɵʵ
ôµţΪһ㴫ŶûУǳɳҲܹΪŶԡ
ʱûҲûߴһƬɢңе嶼ɢҾסһƬ¡ҡͷ
ҶȻѹ֪ˣûе֮ǰǶλҵ£ʷѾʱ䳤֪˲֪
ӦóΪɡ
ʵ˵˺ü֮е֮ǵһ˫۾쳣ƣֱһģһȻ˵
ҶһԺУȻһӰ


һǧİٶʮ 

Ҳǰ
ҶһƬ𵴣ֺǿҵֱǸˣһǰҲλѾת
˳ΪߣΪеĳǿߣͬʱʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨츳ȷ֮Ǳ
ˣ֮УԲеڶΪ̫ѵˣѵ
ԣҶ˿϶
ˣҪˣˣҸɡĻﴫ漴ԶٴγһţҶͷ˳ȥ
ֻǣУȻž֡
ҵǰô£תľ磬ҲѾԻָǰļŶԣֻΪһӡûУ
ҶЩɻ
żԼǰһΡ
ֻǣǰĻҶҲǰŰɣϾһ·̫˼顣
ǰĽֵ̫ܽɽǿǺһ·˺ܾõĺֵܣû뵽ȴǾһʱ֪ʵ㱻Ρ
ԺҶоһ˳ӣκˣԼˣֻԼģԼֵġ
ֻԼŲƭԼ
ʹӸղĶԻǰ˹˽ϢǸ˹û˵ѣ֮ǰû֮ν֮Ҳǹ֮Ūġ
żУȴǰ˵֮һλѵǿŪģλǿǳ棬Ѿ뿪ˡ
Ȼǰƭ
ȻҲп͹˹ƭԼǹ˹ʶͬһطôܴͨأ
ԣҶžǰƭԼ
ֻǣǰΪҪôıʲô
ҲҿѰԭ򣡡ȻҶһ⣬뵽ǰִ
ǰѾΪˣһеǿڣĿʲô
ȻǳѣǳΪ֮
Ȼǰ֮ƵòòеΪȥתĿ꣬϶ı䣬ȻǳΪ֮
Ǹ
Ҷ¶һ˿ЦƭңǼƻʲôյĿĶΪ˳Ϊ֮
ֻǣѾתǰҪγΪ֮أ
漰̫ˣҶڼ׵սȴҲԿ塣
ֻгΪ𣬲֪һЩ
ҲգĿǰǾʵΪףֻҪʵǿ󣬾ͲһСҶ漴˼ʼԱϥ£ڰ
ռһ嶼ڲڰٶȶʱӿࡣ
ɽ޼ӣ֪ꡣ
ڰ£츳ٸߣҲҪӴʱȥ
ͷ·ˮһǧꡢ£ڲ֪оˡ
µ֮УҶоԼĸǿһǿսҲȹ̡
Ҫ֪˵ٶʵ̫ˡ
żʮ꣬ʹﵽλھ磬ٶȣ档
Ҫ֪ʲôһλٶһϣе˼ꡣ
񵱳ҶĶԪϣǿǴԪڵţѾһǧˡ
һֱҶΪʵ̫ˣĸе㲻ȹ̡
Ա߾޵Щ꣬ȴǳĸȹ
ʱ򣬽޳а֮ǣҲ˴˵أʼ
һõطò˶ãҲܹﵽλˡ޳̾
ץʱɣֻЦ˵漴ϥ£ʼ
һݴ½ĳǣǳ˵ʲô²ٶԣ׷ץΪ
Щˣȱ츳ֻȱʱ䡣
ѵһõطǵȻܴ˷һʱ䡣
Ƭ֣ڸǣ˺ѽ˵ء
Ͼһλ۷弶ǿߣ㱻սķӡѹΪ;磬ӵһЩͨ
ҶЩݴ½ǣͺʧսһЩ˾ɡ
ǵжЩǿǣǶҶǽ˼ʮ꣬ȴôҲҲҶ䡣
ǻɣҶǷѾصȥˡ
ֻǣһЩ̽ӣûзҶ뿪ս
ֻüսѰң֮ʱţЩҲеͷˣϾԪѾֻʣһٶˣǶҪȥ׾ˡ
ٵʮ꣬ٲҵҶ죬ҾҪȥˡλߵ
˵׾磬ɱһҶҪˡ
ϾҶɳ׵ĻѪħ
ȻҲǵжԵģΪʵԺĳͻ
֮ԺΪУҪΪ嵱ʱ򣬲Žµĳޡ
Դȥ֮󣬱ĳ޵࣬Ҳɵӣ֪ѪħȻҪֵ󳬼ַ
Ȼʮ֮λ뿪սȥ׼׾ȥˡ
ħĹʥӣҲ˲ã뿪ս
գֻʣѪħ¾ӣսѰҶ졣
Ϊĸ߲ҶǳɵɱҶ죬ǲưոݵġ
ֻһֱûҵҶټҶͷ·ʧˣұսҲҶ졣
ǵҶĻһˣɱһɱһ˫ɱ˲ս
Ѫħ¾ӱĻﴫս
ĸжʼѪħǿߣɱˡ
ǿߣȫ̵ɱʬѻɽɿֲĳ
˶ʱŭѣôǿ¾ӣ޷⡣
ЩԪڵĳţѾ뿪սȥչˣ׼׾硣
ȻҲȥЩţϣǿԳ棬ס¾ӵķâ
ĻȥͶˡ
ЩŲûдӦ
˵ҶСǳķ粨ƾʲôҪȥƨɣȻôǾȥɡ
ȻҲеĳŶܾˣмˡ
ϧǸ¾Ķ֣¾ɱˡ
սһʱ䣬ĽأЩλǣʱֻܹڡ
еѾˣʼȥˡ
ԪѾˣڴ˵ûʲôôΣգȥɣһЩ̤̾Ϲ;
ȻҲ˲ģΪǶл׾ģսôõط
սΪٶȣҪڿˡ
Щȱʱ䣬ǳȵŶԣĲԸ
Ҷ죬ɣҪ㣡Ŵ
ԽԽںҶ죬Ҷ֣һδս


һǧİٶʮ һȺ
ĺսʱҶǻչʮÿ˶ѾͻƵıԵмѾͻˡ
޳ֻˣѾͻƾ磬ﵽλڡ
Ϸ硢ҶʥǣҲλڲԶˣҪ˶ãһͻơ
Ҷ죬ڲǰѾλ۷徳硣
ѾһܸߵľˣǺ嫵ĺڰѾҶ˾ųɾţֻʣһɣûԲ
ҲֻʱѣĿռ⣬Ϊﵽλ۷壬ĺڰƼɡ
Ҷ壬ʵٴͻƣսѾﵽλԲƶܽаλˡ
񾳽磬ս棬ҲֻҶһ˶ѡ
ʮ꣬ڴﵽλ۷壬ԲҲǰˡ
һ죬Ҷ첻ٱչأǻվһɿֲϢΧţٿţ뿪Χ
ĻҪŵ޳ǵıչˡ
Ҷ죬ˡҶԺУѾȥʮ꣬ΪѾȫָ
Ҷ쿴Ц磬鷳Եһʱ䣬ȳȥһЩ顣
ûϵҶԪҲںһʱˡЦıҪԶȻںһʱ䡣
Ҷ죬Ҫȥɱ¾Ӻ𣿡޳۾ĽâƲ񷣬棬ƥ
ﵽλڵĽ޳ʵٶﵽһµĳ̶ȡ
Ҷ˵ͷصʱ򣬾ѾյϢ߲㷢Ϣ¾Ӻ
Ҳһȥ޳˵
ңֻվбս⡣
ǵΪѾλڣʱڣܼԾҶһء
ҲãǸɣ˼ڴ˱չءҶ˵ͷ漴뽣޳ֻһ뿪֣¾ӵķȥ
ʱ䣬¾ΪҵҶ죬ûټսĴεһѰҶ죬һɱ¾ˡ
ڵսѾ̤ˣȫڣǳı
Ҷôûг֣
Ҷ죬С
Ҷ죬ⶼǳķ粨ȴǲܣ㻹ŷ۾ŵ䣡

أѾ˵ȴĲͷҶ췢ʡ
ȻҲ˼֧Ҷ죬ϵغҶ졣
ѪɫأŨɱ
Ҷ˲Уһ·ϣͨϵؽϢʱ¾ӵ١
Ҷ죬ٲ¶棬ˣ޳ЦȻҲͨõ˺ܶϢ
ֻ𵭵˵һȺ֪߰ˣҪǿǣˡ
һٶҪˣڴﵽλڣаڴ֮ǰλԲ𣿡Ҷʵ
ԼѾﵽλ۷徳磬Բֻһ֮ңڷǳɣġ
ĵģЩݴ½ĳˣЩ츳ǿܹΪףǾԻԪʧҲʧ
ĺˣһҲŻȥʮ꣬ʣµһٶ꣬㹻̤λԲˡ
޳ŵ˵
ֻҲͷ˵޳˵ĲһθǴĻԵ޺֮ǡ
ڶЩȲ̤λԲ磬׾ˡ޳˵
Ǿͺãһ̤׾磬棬ݴ½һϯ֮ˡҶЦЩ緢
һϯ֮أ޳԰ȻôУݴ½ҪΪǿ
ֻǵҰĻǴҪݴ½ﵽǸزǵеóһλʥС
Ҷ̬лΪʥ޳Ʋ׷ҵļޣҲҪΪ۾ŷ۾ȼ硣
ǺǣûôҰģܹΪףҾˡֻ˵
ҶЦǵҰҲ̫СˣʥɲҵĿ꣬ҪΪǿ
޳ֻԶˣ漴һ̬
ż߳տʼʱݴ½սս̤棬ҪɳһЩǿ߳ȥ̽·ϢŸӴ
񣬼ʮȥҶѾ𽥳۷ݴ½ҲʼԽԽǿˡ
ڣݴ½ʵѾԽ˰ɽ
ȵԪҶǽ֮ôݴ½ͻǿˡ
˵ݴ½ţеǳڴ
Ҷ죬յϢ¾Ӿǰ棬ȱ֣ȥһ죬޳ͻȻ˵
ҶҲյϢҪ⣬ϾŴﵽλڣ¾ԪѪħǿĵӣʱĶ֡
ĺˣҾ㲻Ķ֣Ҳܹһ޳˵գһϬĽ⣬Ʋգǰ
һҶʱҲ̫Ȳˣսܸ߰
ֻЦԸһˣԽǿսҲԽԽǿˡɣҲȥиӦ
ţҶͷý޳ֻȥĥһ£Ҳкôġ
Ϣǰӽ
ԶһƬѪɫϣʮѪħǿ߾ۼһһ˾¾ӣǵĽ´ʱżǿߵʬ塣
ǲһ
¾һ̤һǿߵʬ棬ϸһ˿ЦѾȥʮˣҿǸҶѾ뿪սˡ
¾ӣʥǱɱҶ졣ԱһѪħǿ˵Ҳǵӣλ۷ʵ
¾ɫΪʥͻȥˡ
ϾҪ׼׾磬ʵڲ˷ʱ䡣
ţˣͻȻ¾̧ͷԶʡ
Ӱһǰһ󣬳ǽ޳ֻ
ķһѪħĵЦ
ѪħӣҲԵúɣϾѪħԪǿһȺӣһλ۷ʵ
⣬ﲻ֮ͬǰķŲǵʵ¾ӳ˵ˣ⣬Ҳƽ޳ֻǷˡ
Ŷ
𣿡
ͬҲǵĶ֣

ʮѪħĵӣûȽ޳ֻ𿿽ѾһӭȥһǿϢ캳ء
ѪħôһӶôǿߣ޳ңңŶʮѪħĵӣɵɫһ䣬ǻΪ¾һء
ֻԪĵӣȫˡ
ԭˣҶ죬Ͽ޳ԣʱѶҶ졣


һǧİٶʮ ɨ
յ޳ĴѶҶϼӿٶȣûã㿴һȺѪħǿߣΧŽ޳ֻˡ
ѪħλѪȻɳôǿߣ¶Ԫĵӣѹ˻ᱻϳս
ҶңңȺѪħǿߣΪǿȻܿͿЩ˵ʵ
ңЩѪħǿ߷ǳţҲûԼʵ
¾ӣһˡһѪħǿҲҶ죬ʱ¶̵Ц
¾ӿԶҶ죬΢΢һ漴¶Цǿϸˣһﲻ˼ʮҶû뵽Ȼսҵˣ
Сӣ㿴ˡ
Ҷûϣˡ
ɱҲ뿪սˡ
ǰҿɲˣһҪȥ׼׾أ

һѪħǿ߶ʱϳҶ죬ɵ˷ܵĴЦ
һ˶Ը޳ֻʣ¶¾ӣҶ
䣡
޳ֻ𿴵Ҷ쵽޼ɵ֣ɱΧǵѪħǿߡ
սʱֲϯ˷Ƭض𶯡
Ҷ̤ն̾Ϳ˷ǰ¾ӣǿϢò£Ҳ֪λ¾ӡ
Ҷ죬ܾˣû뵽Լ·㲻ߣ㴳¾Ц¡
䣡
Ҷɫ䵭̧һֻţ¾Ӳ
ƺԵģѪħһλǿĵӣֻһֻϣû
ôһţ̤ղ񷣬죬˵⡣
ңҶһ̤֮󣬾Ȼ¾ӣȡѪӵ߶ֲһǰɱЩѪħǿߡ
ſԵ̬¾ӺһѪħǿ߶ˡ
̫ˣ



һѪħǿŭ
¾Ӹŭչ޴ѪħݺݵһȭҶֻơ
Ǹеǳŭŭֱյ졣
Ҫ֪ǿѪħĵӣԪĳţһվ۷壿
ڣҶȫǵСޣȻ˵һ䣬һ˺ɨ
ռʮ
ҶͺһƥѪӵŶֲ죬һƬǺӳû硣
ʮ޴ĹʯųϬĵâÿһѹһ磬â貣ҫ۶Ŀ
飡
ӭѪħǿߣһЩϵʯɳȥе屬ըڰбըƬѪˮûռ䡣
䣡
Ҷ̤¾ӵһֻţҲͷųƥ⣬¾ӵȭͷݺݵײһ
䣡
һ졣
¾ɫʱһ䣬Ҷг𾪺ͲţһǿҶĽӿ˶ɳȥ
Ѫħ棬¶һѷ죬ԵЩĿġ
ʲô
ôܣ
¾ӾȻĶ֣

һڱҶɵѪħǿߣո޸壬㿴𾪵һĻɵ뵹һг˲˼顣
Ҷһ޵еս񣬻¶ͷųҵĽɫâֳѪӵ̤գѲŽƬء
ǳĮѪӵĵ棬ֳɱ
ĿɨһѪħǿߣеһһ⡣
¾ӷŭ޸ѪħٶȳҶ졣
޷ԼᱻҶܣΪѪħԪǿĵӣû֮һ
ǿģһֱţߴҲ޵еġ
Ȼʵ飬ҶһƿǿѪħѪɫĵâǳĳңɡ
ⲻܣ¾־ֿ֣ŵصɴ۾Ҷ죬ȻλԲս
ԶһѪħǿԣɵȫһ
û˿ԥתӣֱӶ¾ӡ
ΪҶʵѾǿԶԸ˵ģٶ࣬ҲҶĶ֡
ղŵʵ˵һС
ȻˣֺαؼأҶһο˵ˣʮֵĮ䳹ǣͬһ꺮ΧĿƺˡ
ңĻ£еѪӵųӳҵĵ⣬µĵâ¶γһƬ嫵ĵֶ׼ܵѪħǿ߶ûȥ
Ⱥˣɱ¾ӴƴˣԼս߶۷壬ɱҶ졣
Ϊʮֻĸ죬˵Ҷһƴһ˿ϣ
ڳĶѪħĵӣǶǿߣܿͷӦһ֣ɱҶ졣
ʮɾɱ¾ΪģҶɱ
Ƭأޱߵɱֱ֣޹⣬Ǻӵתնˡ
ҶĿҵ⴩͸ռ䣬еѪӵǰɨȥǰӲ˺ѿһ޴ѷ졣
䣡
Ҷɱѷ죬֮кֱײɱѪħһǿ仨ˮֱ޵С
ǿ¾ӣҲҶһδκ壬ǸߴѪħ֪Ҷ˶ٴΡ
ѪħǿߣѾҶɱˣʣҲıԵ
Ҷ˿ֱ̼޵ˣһʮλѪħǿߣȴʼռϷ磬ѹ¾Ǵ
λ۷壬Ϊλôǿ¾ӾŭѣųٸԪǿĵӣȻҶȴ˵Ĳһ
⻹Ҷλ۷徳磬ҪǵȵҶλԲ磬ӵпλ׵ʵ
뵽¾Ӿ;òš
񾳽ӵλ׵ս
˵ȥ˭ţһŮױ̵񾳽Ҳûôǿ󰡡
ɱ
Ҷ³һ֣ʮ˷ħִɫĹâսȫЩѪħǿߡ
ҵĽɫַɳûüָѪħǿߺɱ
ʱ¾ڣѪħǿҲֻʣˡ
Ȼһ߻ΧŽ޳ֻ򣬵ǵǿҶչ֮ŵˡ
˱޳ֻ
һһ޳ֻռ˾ԵϷ硣
ҶǿƳ֣ٶȻɱѪħǿߣֻʣ°¾ӣһŸ˴֮С
漴ҶҲųصףеѪӵҵĵâݺݵɱ¾ӣҪһɱ
Ҳİ¾ŭľͲʣ츳ѪħԪǿĵӣŽ׷Ǳֱǰ;ȴҪڴ˵ء
к֣Ҫ֪ҲôǿðΥʥҲս
ǣûкڣձҶһ
ú󣬽޳ֻҲ֣̽˹


һǧİٶʮ Զ
ƬսѪɺӣɷ졣
ԭʮ߰˸ѪħǿߣҶɱʮֻʣŵð˴˵ء
ʣǰϢѪħ֮󣬻ЩѪħĸ߲Ŀɿڴ
Ѫħǰ߲һʱˡ޳ǽѪɫأɵЦ
ֻ˵ͷЦЩһﶼų׷ǱٲҲܳΪλף״Բȫ¾ӣǱǿٸԪǶһǲ۲Źء
߰ɣ˵һҲսңýһˡҶЦ˵
漴ڵλó¾ӻҪмԼλá
ûɱ¾ˣ⵹ʴȣ̫԰ˣɱһЩֻû
սֻԼһˣû¾һȺˡ
Լһˣѹս
ѾȥʮˣǸҶСѾ뿪սˣҲûȥˡЦ
˫֣һѲԼء
ڻȥ֮ǰɱǸ¾ӣһսʤЩʵҲһս
漴¾ڵķȥ
Щ꣬ûк¾սǺ£ûҵҶ֮ǰ¾ܾˡ
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սǳҶǼٷУҲҪѺܶ꣬ܺս
ƬѪɫĴϣϢȴǴĺܿ졣
Ҷɱ¾ϢѾսһѪħĸ߲㣬ȫŭޱȣš
¾ӾȻɱˣ
ҶСôǿ
ŷ۾Ҳûǿ󣬿¾Ů񾳽磬Ҳûǿɡ
ӱò˵ǵڶŮҲǵڶŷ۾
ӱòŷ۾óͽܶС츳ȥ׾硣
¾Ӷʧˣ˭ɱϵǿ߿ɲܽս

һѪħĸ߲ĳ
ϢɢȥΪ˶𶯣Ҷ֣һߴĸ߲֮
ϵĳǿߣܹһսĸ߲֪
ߣǾʵﵽ׷磬ĳǿߣҪ¼֪ͬ
Ҷ񾳽磬ͱ߲֪˵жıɱһǼֱ漣
ԪҲֻŮʸ񣬾ʥ޷˺䶯
ʣҶ쳹׳ˣȫУˡ


ɽɽĿͻȻյ˴սľϢʱ۾г˾ϲͺȻ
ϵܻǾ˰Ȼս޵ˣãã̫ˣ˭Ժ󻹸СҰɽۡ
ɽ漴Ц
ҶողμսʱͷǳҶ죬ҶһδκôչҶҶңҶҲϵطչ׳
ϴεĵħĹأɽ۽ռøҶ죬ôծۼԼҪҶ£Ի׾١
ȻҪģȵҶվ۷ʱɽ۾һĿɽˡ
ⱲҲ޷ͻƵλ׾磬ɽ˭СҰɽۣ
ɽ˷ܡ
ͬʱĳطǱ޵Ҳ۾ϲ𺳣ҶϵܻȻս籩ŮҲˡΪԪĻߣദĹϵҲȻһɽ
ӳҶң֮̾ɫ
һԵЦҡͷҴûӳôţս޵֣õж˶ҽս츳޵а
ҵۣԼʱЩĿǳҿûиҼƽϡһԵԪ̾
ңԶһƬǿУӱչ֮뵽ԼղյϢϻţû뵽ҵǿµһԱȻɳز漣޴ڡ
ܸˣϾҶһսӣԺҶվ۷壬Ҳһɽ

Ϣ鿪ҶЩǣȫڷ֮С
Щ˵УҶЩϲġ
ΪҶҵվ۷壬ҶҲܹ֮һԾϣΪǿļ֮һ
ȻǾĿ⻹Щ룬ҶĳɳʱͻԽԽ̡

ʥǡ
ŷ۾ʥϯضλߴڣ֧ʱ¶Цݡ
ŷһͽܣҵôͿأȻûзְֵ֣ʥ̾
ҶʥʱǾŷ۾ԶսأûпҶ죬ŷ۾ȴϧʩչˣΤҶ졣

ʥǰŷ۾ʱֵùЦҴ갡棬ԪҪͽܵ۹⣬̵ͽܵľ飬ŷ۾˵ڶ⣬û˸˵һ
ǰʥЦ̵ӵȷһף˵Ҷ죬Ǵͽܺͽܣɶǽܿ죬Ҫ׷ʦˡ
ǺǣϴѾ׷ˣҲԶˡŷ۾ЦǺ˵ϲο
ҪԺ飬ŷ۾϶˵ڵΪǽ̵Щͽܡ
ϼһ֪ǫ飬ҿҲҪͻˣǰɣʥԵһЦ
ŷ۾йâһЦ֪㣬ܹͻƣҪлǸСͽҶأǹۿռҲ̤һ
Ҷ컹ĸǣʥЦ˵
ˣȲ˵ǸСˣϴҴǸͼôŷ۾漴ʵ
ʥɫʱ˵ʵҺĶһͼģǶ˵һĻҪҺܻǸͼԴ
㻹ңŷ۾ߵ
ʥҡҡͷ˵ǲ㣬ֻǾǸͼֵ̫ˣǻСĵΪȻҪиһˡ
ţ˵ҲеĻŷ۾ǲŹģʥǣǰȥһ̽ŷ۾˵
ҲãСĵ㡣ʥ˼Ƭ̣漴˵ͷ
ŷ۾漴ȥ
뿪ʥǵʱŷ۾һԾ棬Ȼһ⣬ųǿƥᴩǿ棬ڰɽ
Ҷ죡
һ̣ŷ۾ҶǾ߿ռԺ
Ҷʱ۾ȵؿԼǰ۳ŷ۾Ӱɵæ񣺡ʦôˣ


һǧİʮ ʦͽ̸
Ҷ죡
ŷ۾ͶӰҶĿռǰ¶һ˿οЦݣܺãûпۣһ죬ᳬԽΪʦռ߾硣
Ҷʱŷ۾Ȼ֪Ҷǰ;ҲܹΪߣʱ
ǣŷ۾ôҲû뵽Ҷ񾳽ʱȻͳԽ˵Ů
Ů˭ǿһˣ棬֮⣬Ҳֻλ߲Ѫħλʼȼˡ
Ů׾ͱأΪ״ӣõصǹԴʦʣǶһ
ҶֻΪӣûô̵Ҷ죬ҶȴӲߵһɼʡ
ʦ˼ôпˣҶЦ˵
ŷ۾ɫȴ˵ΪʦҪȥһطΣգҲΪʦһȥͻزˡԣһ㣬㽻һЩ顣
Ҷɫһ䣬˵Ȼ֪ΣգʦΪλҪǰȥ
֪սΣգ㲻Ҳȥ֪޵׾Σգ㲻ҲȥΪǶΣ棬㶼ܲΣգΪʦô£ѵ𣿡ŷ۾Ц
Ҷһ㶣ǰЩ飬Ϊͻƾ磬һЩΣ֮أǺġ
ˣҲҪ룬֮У֣ܹɱҵˣûУʥһ֣пɱҡŷ۾ŵ˵
Ҷ۾һ漴ϲʦͻˣ
ŷ۾ǰֻ޽ӽʥԺһλʥ⣬ô˵ʥ
ǣŷ۾Ѿͻˣ̤ʥΣΪŷʥˡ
ûŷ۾Ҷ죬Ц˵⻹Ҫл㣬Ҳǿ۵ϵӡߵռ̤ʥΡ
ⶼʦͽǵ㱾£ʸ񰡡Ҷҡҡͷ
ŷ۾£Ѿ޽ӽʥһֱûͻƣֻǲһѡ
ҶϵӡռǸŷ۾һ߳һ
ˣ˵Щˣһ⣬ͬʱһЩҪ㡣ŷ۾Цҡҡͷ漴ɫһ˵һҪʲô⣬ҪСˣԺֻĴʦֺʦ㣬ΪʦСģΪʦ£ֵΡ֮⣬ļλʦ֣ҲȫΣ𣿡
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬漴˵ͷ֪ŷ۾ڽһЩҪ顣
֪ΪʲôͻȻһɳظУ·ŷ۾һȥҲ޷ˡ
ʥҲֵΣẦġ֮⣬κˣҪһ־裬Ҫμסŷ۾˵
ҶЩԺΪŷ۾Щѵʲôͽɣ
ŷ۾ûҶɻ󣬼˵ѾҪ̤׾ˣΪʦھ͸˵һЩ׾Ҫ㣬еһЩ۷ս
ҶԶʱȤˣҪ֪ŷ۾վ۷£֪Ķɶöࡣ
׾ģλסλ׺λסĲȻܴ󣬵һЩǿֲͬ࣬Ѫħ׿Ѫӣλһս
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Ҷ˵ͷһ
λ֮ϣǱ״Բ׵һ۷徳磬һ̤ǿߣϾ̤۷壬ѱɱ
ŷ۾˵״Բ֮ߡ۾ʥ߲Σʵʥ֮󣬻һ磬Ǳǰ벽𡣡
벽𣡡Ҷɫһµ벽𣬹ƾǾ𾳽ֻ벽ʱһ
Ŀǰߴ֮УѪħʼʵǿ벽𾳽磬֮µһǿߡ߲츳Ҳ̤˰벽𾳽硣һ벽ǱŮڣҲѹħͷϣΪˡŷ۾˵
߲ʼ桢Ů𣡡Ҷ찵ס۷Ĵڡ
ʣµʥεУǿģħħʵȰ벽𣬶ħĺڰʥ͹ʥҲܹȰ벽ʥʵͲǺܴˡŷ۾˵
ʦߵǵ̤ʥ磬ʵӦʥ֮кǿɡҶͻȻʵ
ŷ۾ЦЦ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫͷеʥ֮УҪ˵˭Ĺһ֮⣬¾ˡʥǶеóٶȣеóǿʥҲܽɱѹһ£ԷӣҲס
ô˵ֻҪﵽʥ磬ǼͲˣܵʥΧŻΣաҶʱ˿ǰŷ۾ڿŷ۾ǿʵôΣա
ʹˣŷ۾ЦЦ漴ɫҸղ˵ֻǱսǣȫʵǿսʥԼս
Ҷ۾ʱһƵˡ
ŷ۾˵һ
ɶ룿Ҷʱɻа
ŷ۾Ц˵˵һŮе񸫣ʥǺ
Ҷʱ뵽ǲμսʱне𣬵ǳüֵս
ʦǰʲôҶЩʵ
ŷ۾˵ҲݣⶫȻûκεĹеƻˣֻǵ츳սûãֻ
ҶʱȻ漴Щʵʦô֮Уļ󣿡
Ǻǣûжǿ֣֮ֻ࣬Ǳ˴˵Ĳص㲻ͬѡŷ۾Ц˵۹ԣ϶Ůе󣬲óҾһֱȻǰŵ۾磬ͿȫκʥʥյʥǣǾǹһ壬ãֱһսݡ
ԭˣҶ첻ЩҪһǾͺˡ
ͻȻ뵽ǰĻƺǰ߼ߴڣ֪ʲôطʱЩˡ
һʥһǼǴġԺ̤ʥ磬ͻˡŷ۾˵
Ǻǣʥ˵̫ңԶˡҶҡҡͷ֪֮ģ츳ҲҪԪȥۣп̤ʥ硣
ŬɣΪʦ㣬ҪĴﵽʥ磬ʦͽҲһμѻˣŷ۾ЦգͶӰ㽥ɢȥ
ЩɢȥĹâȴ۳һɫĵӡǣҶڣӡ档


һǧİʮһ ׷ɱ
ʲôҶ첻ɵ¶ɻ֮ɫûжΪ֪ŷ۾ẦԼġ
Ȼŷ۾ĻҶԺУΪʦµıӡǣеΣգᱬΪʦȫһ
ҶʱжӡǣͶһ
Ҫ֪ŷ۾ڳΪʥһʥйһġȫһ㹻ɱһλߣһλ۾ҲҪˡ
ʦ𽻴ô飬һҪȥĵطʮΣաҶ찵뵽
ȻʲôҲΪʵ̫ˣﲻŷ۾
ʵҪΪףԪĻôͲܼӿأҶҡҡͷ˵
Ҫñ⻰ƻ
˶ϣԪһ㣬ǲ㹻ʱ伱ʵлס
ҶȻҪ㡣
ҲΪҶٶȿ˺ܶ࣬ѾоԵİ֮ǰ̤λԲ硣
ʵϣﵽλ۷徳磬λԲֻ벽֮ңˡ
ңпռʱʱ̶̿ڲڰ򣬱żҲܹӣٶȾ͸ˡ
ҪлɽۣûռٶȻܶࡣҶ찵뵽
ͬʱǿ⣬Ŀ͸
ӦÿҪ˰ɣ

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ϢĴȻҲյϢ
ҶѾɱѪħ¾ӣ²Ķ֣Ͽ˳սһλ߲Ѷ˵
¾ԭڵķȥͻȻյϢʱסˡ
¾ǼһﱻҶˣ
ԵЩţаɱ¾ӣҲҪһ򣬲ô򵥡
û뵽Ҷʵôǿ󣬿֮ǰСҶˣɫɵ
Ҿȥһ𣿡սѰҶôãҶˣȴӭսҪߴЦ
ʵ˵ųԪǿţ涪
ҪȥҲҪһ£ҾͲסҲɣߵ
žԵţ㲻ҶĶ֣ԼҲܹȻˡ
£ֱԼսҶ죬Ѫƽԭһս
ԼϾ͸ȥѪƽԭ
Ѫƽԭ
ҶܿʹһǿõϢɵöһԵĽ޳ֻЦȻԼѪƽԭһս
֪ɱ¾ӣȻԼսȻ֮޳ߵ
ʲôıưɣֻ
սһʲôı𣿡Ҷ쵭Цţо޵еţ˿սﵽλԲ磬սǶ޵еĴڡ
˵ҲԣʵսѾɵˡֻ̾
߰ɣȥѪƽԭֻ񡣡޳ȳսȥ
ú˱㿴һ޼ʵѪƽԭѪɫĵ棬һɹɷУһߴӰ֮УɢһǿϢ
һﻹš޳Ц
ոߵ󣡡ֻЦ
Ҷ쿴ǰѪƽԭипѣżսӵʱ򣬵һѪƽԭʱǻСǿߡ
ٴ̤ѪƽԭҶѾ޵ˡ
̤Ѫɫĵ棬һɷҶ쳯ȥڵӣ貣һǿϢϯȥѪƽԭڲ
ƺҶڵλãһеġ
Ҷ죡Ŀ⣬һӾҶ죬ڲԶֻͽ޳ûһֱۣѡӡ
ǿ޳ƲƲ졣
˼ʵֻЦ
ҪǵҴﵽλԲ磬ʲô޳ߵ
ֻ΢Ц֪޳츳ֻΪ˶ѡ
Ҷ죬ҲΪΪﵽλ۷徳磬ӵôֲ
û뵽ȻսĵһţɼΰҶЦ
ɫһߵҶ죬ҪΪɱ¾죬;Լ޵ˡݺս޵ֵʱ㻹ûء
ûϼһǰʲôֵýģˣɣûʱϻҶЦһ̤һȭֱӺ
䣡
޴ĽҶȭͷ汬һ޴գɢɵĹâѪƽԭûƬء
ԲѣŭЦһΪһֻ޴ĽѪƽԭҶɱ
ȻҶȭͷֱǾ޴嶼ɳȥ
ôôǿԶǴһ˿ѪҺȻҶһȭ˵壬жʱš
ΪұǿҶһһ̤Ѿڸ߿УеѪӵĹע£貵⣬һƥĵâӲƿǰء
ŭХ죬޴գٶȷǳĿ졣
νһͬ𣬷ҡֱϾ
Ȼ޴󣬵ٶȴҲ쵽˼£ܿҶѪɫâգһצ̽Ҷĺ󱳡
ʮ˷ħ֣
Ҷһӡһɫġ⡱ַɳӭצӱѹȥǳҵĽɫâγһС
ҹŭ𣬳ΧĽɫײȥǾ޴ͣһ貵⣬ƥϵغЩɫĻ֡
ǽľ޴壬һδײǰĽɫ֣ɫڲ
¾ӵһЩϧ󡣡
ҶʱҲ֪ʵһЦӡһɫġ֣Яƥٶ¡
ɫһ䣬޴âɣͷųޱߵΰӭǸɫġֳȥ
屻Ӳ飬֫嵽ǣѪҺҲأǳҡ
Ȼ壬ɱͻָ塣
ټҶսˣתſߡ
ҪΪףɲʲôҲûˡ
һʱʧʲôҽΪףδػ֮Ҳһоûˡ뵽
ò˵ǽٶȷǳ졣
ҶҲû׼ŹֳѪӵ׷ɱȥ
һ׷ɱ꣬Ϣս𾪡
ǶˣƴҴҵս׼ɱҶ죬ȴҶ췴׷ɱﶼˡ
ˣҲеߣֻؿҶ׷ɱȴȥԮΪǶ֣ǸҲһȥɱҶˡ
Ѫħˣ¾ӱҶ֮Ѿʵܶ࣬˵ˣҲ̤սˡ
Ҷٴԭߴ𾪡
ȻҪˣǾ͸ˡ


һǧİʮ ع
Ҷ컹ڼ׷ɱսڷڣǿߣһеܲѣǴûôжҶĳݸ಻֮ǰЩɹҶˣ˿Ҳ͡
Ҷ죬ôû׷𣿡һ߿У޳ֻ𲢼վϵҶ졣
Ƭ̺ҶѶһٶ̫ˣûϵѾˣٶֲ˶á
Һս󣬷ĻҪӵ˻أû취ˡ޳Ц
ҶҲһЦսޱߣҪתһ飬Ҫꡣ
һٶٿ죬ҲӲȥ
ңҶ첻ʱԶ̹Ƽء
أٶҲʼ½ˡ
Ӳ˵ģҶЦҵѪɫâ¶˺գնǰĽ
Ҳŭ츳ߵǱȻս̫ˣҪԺҲҪսٻܹĹ١
սǾ̫ˣֻһСˣûں˳Ц
Ϊսֻĵطսĵط
ȻҶֱ̬սߴ
ĳţԪָ
ˡҶĻﴫɺܴѹ
֮ľ룬ҲԽԽ
棬˾ҰڴѶ
Ȼ򴫻ϢĮսֻԼ˭Ҳﲻ㡣
û취սϵǿ̤룬ڶ֮УѾԪǿˣ򲻹Ҷ죬˭·һ

ŭ
Ȼת򣬳Ҷɱг˾
ƴ𣿡ҶЦѪӵһӭȥ
˼սãѹŵҶһӲػ񣬾޴Ҳ鿪ƬѪɫĴϡ
һ׷ɱĻ
Ϣܿ촫սߴȫĬһ𾪺ͷڡ
ԴˣսҶ޵ˡ
жˣҲҶ鷳еڻڣҳˡ
ЩӴҳҲС˾ܣҲǰôˡ
Ҷͽ޳ֻǣɱ¾Ӻ󣬾ͻص֣һݴ½Żϡ
ڴ˵Ǳʮ꣬ȵһͻƣ̤λھ磬뿪ˡ
磬ͽҵɣҶ˵
˵ͷ̾ڿ뿪طˣʱ䣬Ҷˡ
ǺǣҶ΢΢һЦ
漴֮УϣʱһŨӿҶ޾Ԫ
ȻЧ
Ҷʱϲ
Լ֮ڣԺҪˣΪ̺̫ӴˣֻҪݽߣϾܲ䡣
ôӴӦҰѪӴ߶°ɣҶ찵뵽
Ѫλֻλײܽ߶˼£ӳȫλ۷ǿߣ߶ѪӵȻɵˡ
ˣȻѾΪ飬ʵһĵرȻõ񣬵ΪĵرıԸı䲻ˡ
Ҷ뵽
ԼУĺô̫ˣõ꣬ӴԪҲܹʱ޸Լơ
Ҷ켸˲֮
λ׼뿪սˣأʲô㣿Ҷ֮󣬿޳ʵ
Ȼһȥˡս޼˵
жǿ߶ɱĲҽսˣսʲô˼Ϸߵ
ǰЩжǿ߶̤սҽģҲˣҲĥʲôôЦ
ȥɣǶѾﵽλھ磬һٶ꣬㹻̤λԲˣûҪڴ˵ˡֻҲ˵
ֻн޳ƲֵһսأڶҶСˣ
̫ЦսҲûʲôǽ֮ȥսһˡ
սֻСˣĵطֻս۷ǿߵׯܵͷ
һݴ½ĳţ漴طȥ
úǽأֱһۣ˷
Ҷ졢޳а֮һ𣬵õ߲׼ٴǰʥǡ
ֻ̫ǣصӶȥˣϾ˫ڲͬ
Сûмκذɽȥˣ׼ҶұչǱޣ׼׾硣
˺һʱ䣬ԽԽ˿ʼ뿪սΪԪǶҪȥǱޣ׼׾硣
һԪս𽥱ƺһֻصĽ

ʥǡ
Ҷ졢޳а֮ˣٴ̤˵أȴǲһˡ
Ҷ죬ʱ񼶱СһȴѾ׵ʵ
ңڣԴ߶Ѫӵȫλףʵ԰ˡ
а֮Ӻͽ޳Ҳʵλ۷壬ټ뿪սԶˣʵλˡ
ԣһ̤ʥǣͲһλˣһλλӭǡ
ʵǿλҲ֮ǿ
Ҷ죬սı֣Ѿĸ߲ǣǱȻ
ɽǰ
ҶǼλ׵ʱ򣬶ʱǰһ
һ׷ԲԵߣ˫䣬ɲ⣬ͬһ̶֮䣬ͳҶ˵ǰ
Ҷ˶ʱϳߣɽǰ
ǵõǸʥǵʱ򣬾ͼλɽǰɽ۵ʱޱȣΪλǰָɽۣҶ컹ǵ
СһּˡɽǰҶˣг˸п
һʱ䣬ֲ֪˶ټԪϼһ˵ʵ̫ˣһ˯͹ȥˡ
Ǿ̶̵һڣ⿴СһȴѾɳӵĵز
ҶʱɽǰеЩɵȻǰûн׾СһѾǿʵ
ʵڽ˾̾
ɽǰҶæ
λɽǰλףѾĸ߲ˣӭҶˣɼҶ˵ӡ
ȻУ϶ΪҶԭ򣬱ϾҶսֵ̫ˣԪҲŮһɲ߲㲻ӡ


ڶʮľ ڰ


һǧİʮ 
ǺǣǸɣɽǰЦŰ˰֣漴ǰ棬һ̤Խʥڲȥ
Ҷ졢޳а֮æȥ
йʱҶ췢Ѿû񼶱Сһˣʥǣֻʣ׼ǿߡ
ûԪĩڣΪЩǣ뿪ʥˡ
ڼԪĩڵţѾûپйսˣΪЩż츳ǿҲûʱˡ
ԣ֮УʱҪ
һЩڼԪĩڵĳţǶǳǴʱ䣬Ѿ޷ٽ׾ˡ
߹ˣо徻˺ܶࡣ޳˵
ɽǰЦ˵ǵܺøܵ˼Ԫĩڵĩ೵ڲŵôͳˣ޽׾Ļᡣ
Ҫа֮ӵͷ
ǰҪȥҶʵ
ɽǰ˵ȥʥǵĺģʥ˵ˣǱһΣǽʥǺһˡĻǾ͸˰ɡ
ʥǵĺģ
Ҷ¶ɻĿ⡣
ʦѵû˵ʥǱһĺҲĺģ׹һ磬ʱдһ죬кܴջ񡣡ɽǰ˵
Ҷ˶ʱڴĺģ붼档
ҲǶҶ죬սı̫ҫˣĸ߲һͨ飬ǽʥǵĺһˡôԪܹʥǺĵţԲᳬһٸһνǸǾ޽Сɽǰ˵
޳а֮ӶʱЩҡ
ٶȺܿ죬Ƭ̺󣬾һ޴ǰ
󷨵룬һ߲ʹţ֪ͨ
ɽǰָ߲ʹ˵ͨʥǵĺģǵʵܹһʱ䣬һӣһúðհɡ
ô𣿡޳ֹ
а֮ҲЩɣҪ֪ڵΪʮ꣬Ӷ٣һʱ䣬ܹʲô
磬츳ǿҶ죬ҲҪʱȥ򣬲Ϊʵ
һʱ䣬Ҷ츳ǿһ򱶣жջ
ɽǰλףʱ˼Ԫջ񶼺١
ΪԽǿԽߣҪѵʱԽࡣ
ǺǣȥǾ֪εĻԵжôˡɽǰ޳ֹɵЦ
޳ڨڨһЦЩΣ漴߲ʹŷȥ
Ҷа֮Ҳȥһ߲ʹâʱһƬ嫵ķչǵǰ
찡
̫˼ˡ
ֱ漣

޳а֮Ӷʱһ򶨵Ҷ죬̲ס𾪣˶Ƭ嫵ķˣ̫ˡ
Ƭ嫵ķʱ䣬صӳһ򳤺ӣкڰйнϵľϵ򡭡һӦȫ
ˣ棬ļȫģһ򳤺ӣᴩ硣
𺳵ǣ滹򡢻Ƕ򰡣ȻҲ档
죬Ͽ򣡡Ҷ˳ȥԡںڰĳ֮С
ѹ̫ǿˣɽǰ˵öԣҲֲ˶ãϽа֮Ҳȥڰĳ֮С
޳ϵĳ֮Уǽϵ򣬶Ǻڰ
ԡ򳤺У˲˸һӾͳУ԰Σȴʱš
أ
а֮ʵոռ˰ʱ䣬ͱһǿ˺ڰ򳤺ӣҹ߲ʹš
ͳˣа֮ӿǰɽǰɵһƺͱ
Ǻǣ˰죬ѾܲˣϿչ֮ǰĸɡɽǰЦ˵
а֮ӵ˵ͷƣϥ£չ֮С
ʥǣɽǰڣȫȻб֤
ֹ˰ʱ䣬޳Ҳ߳ˣа֮һЩģЩƣϾĻᣬ̫ѵˡ
ڽ޳չ֮ɽǰ߲ʹţ¶֮̾ɫҶСӻŷ۾Ҫµ״ӣѾһʱˣȻû
ǵԪܹһţҲֻǼʱ䣬֪Ҷܴܲ¼
ɽǰ漴뵽
һʱ䣬ת۹ȥˡ
ڶ죬Ҷ컹֣ûб߳
˵죬ɽǰɫˣĿг˾̾ʱ䣬Žǰ˰ɡ
ȥˣҶ컹ûгѾ˼¼
¼¼ˣҲԣܹս޵УĳɾҲɽǰ̾
ȻʱȥˣҶ컹ûг
졢졭
Ҷǲ
ɽǰɫѾľˣ߲ʹţ𾪵СҪ𣿡
̣ɽǰͽϢȥһĸ߲ʱ֪ĵϢ
ʥǵʥȴѾ֪һĻʥǣ˲Ϳںڰ򳤺еҶ졣
СӣܹôãӦÿеǿʥЦ
Ҷ챾ʵʵֻʱ䣬֮Ҷͼֲסˡ
ҶڲһڲϵعҶʹҶһֱֵڡ
Ҫ֪λ۷ǿʵӵеǳӴ״Բĳǿߡ
ԣҶһֱôá
ֱһºҶԼˣΪȥѾûˡ
ѾĺڰȫˣֻҪչؽȻȻ̤λԲ硣
СڳˣɽǰҶƿһĿ
һµʱ䡣
ֱһ漣һ޷Ƶ漣
ĸ߲㶼ˡ
ǰõˣҶЦ
ɽǰҡҡͷ̾ٶһʱ䣬ҲûϵôСջ϶ܴɣ
Ѿĺڰ򣬽ֻҪܽλԲ硣Ҷ˵Цݡ
ǳˣϾŬôãô࣬ߵһˡ
ֻҪȵȻ׾磬ܹվ۷ˡ
㻹Ͽչأɽǰʱ˵
ҶҡҡͷЦ⵹ǲǺżȻʥǣȥǼλʦ֡
ĸȫ˿ռ߷ѾڱչЩˣıؼűչء
ðɣԼҾͲǿˡڽ޳а֮ˣͽǻԱɡɽǰԵ˵ͷҲǿ󣬱ϾҶ첻СӣԼĿǡ
ζлǰˣҶ칪һ漴뿪˴˵أŷ۾סɽȥ
ŷ۾Ѿ뿪ˣͶӰû£ֻļλʦǡ


һǧİʮ ߳
ΡɽϣһͤԵúܹ¶
ͤΧһƬ֣ż紵𣬾һƬɫˡ
Ҷʦ֡ʮʦֺʮʦ֣ʱ֮ͤУŲԶҶ죬Ц֡
λʦ֪ҪҶͤУЩȵ˵
ʮʦЦ˵սŪôĶǾ֪ȥʥǵĺġ
αֲս޵ˣѪħ򶼷ˡʮʦ޵
ҲҪ̫ʦԵЩ࣬Ҷ˵ողŴʥǵĺĳӦкܶ򣬸ϽչЩǡ
ʦַģʮ꣬ҾܹλԲ硣Ҷŵ˵
ʦü
һԵʮʦЦ˵ʦ֣Ҳ˵ˣܹս޵УȻǽ֮ˣİɣһ̤׾ġ
ʦֵ˵ͷ˵ʦ뿪ˣսһ֧˼뿪ˣսͳһơԣ˼ǰҺʮʦǰսѹһʱ䡣ڴڼ䣬ʲô飬ʮʦܡ
ʮʦʱ˵Сʦܣǰǲ㣬Ϊĳɳµ;Ѿ㹻Ҫ׾ˣҲûôĹ˼ɡ֮һ仰ŷ۾һʦֵܣǾͬ㣬Ժǵ飬Ҫʲôˣܸ˵
λʦַģԱʵһеģ˵ֲȥսж˿ɱңҶЦ˵
ʮʦȡһҵĹţݸҶ죬˵һλ׵֮ģѾõʼѪͿȥ޸»ˡ
лʮʦ֣Ҷʱм
Ȼɱλ׵ʵȴǰսԼʵǿҲ޷ɱһλף޷õһ֮ġ
ʦֵܣлѾ˵ˣ㵽ֱ߳ˡʮʦְֵ
ţ֪ˡҶ˵ͷȴһ£ôˣڿ޸Сˡ
ˣҲҪǰսˣͲ˵ˣԺʵǿˣսʦ˵գֱӷ˴˵أߵĸɾ䡣
ʮʦЦʦ־ˣ⣬ҲҪˣౣءʮʦܣѾСʦˣԺҪչСʦܡ
İɣʮʦЦŵ˵ͷ
ףλʦһ·˳硣Ҷ˵
ʮʦֵ˵ͷ漴ΪһӰ׷ʦʧʡ
ĿԶȥʮʦֿҶ죬Ц˵ô׼ڴ˵رչǻذɽ
һȥ߳ʣ㽫СָҶ˵ȻѾʼѪ֮ģȻҪȥ޸»ǡ
»ΪشҶɶһֱ顣
żģҲգȥɡʮʦЦ˵
ʦ㱣أҶ˵ͷ׼ȥ
ˣСʦܣʦ𣿡ʮʦͻȻʵ
Ҷͷɻʦ֣ôܣҶ֪ʦ˵ʦˣʦ㶼ûôʦ𣿡
ʮʦҡͷЦҲʣϾʦ뿪ܾˣҲ֪Щˡ
ʦûдʦֵ緽ʽ𣿡Ҷ쾪ȵ
ʮʦԿЦʦֺʦ㶼ײβֻʦʥŻǵ緽ʽ
ŶҶ˵ͷ漴̤նȥ
ֻ·ϣҶЩ̾ʦֺʦ㲻֪ʲôӣȻôأʮʦֶ֪
ΪֹûĴʦֺʦ㣬ҶЩڴ
˵ʦֵʵѾﵽ۷壬ʦҲ࣬򣬶ŽǰʮǾԵ۷ǿߡ
ŷһ֮ôߴ򶼽֪ŷ۾ʵǿ⣬оǴʦֺʦ㴴
ʦֺųһ̿ͣսɱһλжĵ۾ȻʧˣҲλ۾Ǳɱһλжߣߴ
ʦǸжʮΧȴձɱֱĶӣս졣
λʦʦ㣬Ҷзǳ壬ֻǲ֪ʲôʱǼ档
뿪ʥǣҶ첢ûκУԼ㴩棬档
ڵװ֮ʵλˣٶѪӣܺλһսѾҪ˱ˡ
ܹɱҶˣǶĸ߲㣬ˣɱҶ죿
οҶ֮лһλ۷弶ǿߣ״Բĳǿߡ
ԣҶ򣬼ɵҲǰˡ
ڣҵϣЩǱĵжǿ͵Ϯңұ𡣡Ҷȡۣ뵽
жǱˣҲλףһ㶼塣
˼ԪĩڣЩжǿߴ಻ٳˣǻʣµˣֻأʱٳ֡
ϾʱԪţҪʱ׾磬ʱˡ
Ȼʱ϶ǿ߱ǵҲס
ݣ
ۻΪһâǻҪ죬գʧǿ
߳ǣ̻ܲ
񸫳Ǻʥǲֻͬ߳һϾ̻ߣҲһ۾ѣûдﵽʥĲΡ
ң۾Уλʵ
Ŷˣֻʣ۾ˣΪŷ۾Ѿʥ硣
λ֮⣬һ۾Ҳǿߣ۾Ʊս
λ߱Ͼ̻ᣬӶΪ󳬼Ҳͷ֮һλܸߡ
Ϊ̻ܲ߳ɭϣҶǹؾسʾһԼ֤Ȼ󾭹һϵе̲顢ȷ֮󣬲һλ׵Ĵ£߳ǡ
ɱȽ񸫳鷳ˡҶҡҡͷλ׵ĺ棬ʵסȥ
ҶҲܹ⣬Ͼ񸫳ǺʥǶ棬һλʥˣŮʥҲ£ܽɱǸη壬ҲҪ̲顣
ֻ߳һû̻ᵱȻҪϸ̲ˡ
Ҷӣǰ߲ʱʵľס֮˼Ѿ֪ˣֱӹȥˣҾ͵˴ˡúλ׽Ҷһ߲ʱ⡣
лˣҶ˵ͷ漴߲ʱȥ
䵽ſʱλ񾳽ͯ˳Ҷӣ롣
ţҶ˵ͷ漴ǽ뱦
ڱڣϥһ׷ߣôüĿΨһеȱݵĵطϹһֻ۾Щ
Ҷ֪ʡ


һǧİʮ 
ǰʣҶЩ֣Ⱦ磬ָһֻϹ˵۾׾٣Ϊʲôָأ
ⲻҪĵ⡣
Ҷ˽ȥҶ죬ǰ
ˣض飬ʮʦѾ˵ˣҪ޸óɡ۾˵
Ҷæȡ»ǣ˹ȥ
ɫ⣬зϵĵ»̽һ飬漴ͷˣѼʼѪ֮ĸҰɡ
ҶæʼѪ֮ġ
ǰڱǣҶɱ˼ѪħĻӵܣսɱ࣬˲ʼ澫Ѫ
֮ʮʦ͸ġ
Щĵ»ǾͿȫ޸ˣЩҶ죬˵ûѵͣزʶҸԸ޸ʮʦֳ棬ҲֻøӣҪѸ޸Ҳǲܵġ
ǰʲô˵Ҷæ˵
ʵϾԣزʶ˼ƾʲô޸
ʵ˵ͷвзϵĵ»һۣ漴ٶȿҶ죬˵һλλǼֵܸߣʮʦֵϣ͸㶼СǣѾзˣҪ޸״̬еѶȣӽһλˣԼֵҲ͸ˣҪ
۸ʲôĴۣҶҪ޸ҶҲͼᶨ˵гرжػˣСƴȻ塣
ãʵ˵ͷ¶һ˿Цݣ˵˵һ£磬ǲҽģԼٶҶûá
ȻҶ˵ͷǳ֮䣬ﻻ齻ҵġ
Ҹг·һѪӸңȻѪӵļֵҪߣһᲹһλ۷弶ʼ˵
ҶҡͷˣѪԼҪ
ѪλӵѪӾͿλףûѪӣֻǿӵλ׵ʵ
Ȼʧȥ
Ǻã˵ڶʵ˵ͷٴ˵ڶȥ޵׾ץһŵħҶԹħƵֿսʿǳȤ
ҶԲɵüͷ֮ǰץһĺħŽӽλ׼սĺħӦ൱λ׼սҵǿܹ׽޵׾̫ΣˣҪץסĺħǾҪ޵׾ûн֮ǰһûаңɷҽ֮ץȡ
УԪ֮ǰұҪһĺħоҡҡͷ漴Ҷ죬˵ҲҪΪ㣬ݣȫʦȥһ޵׾˵ӦСһ׮
Ҷü˵ǰô·أ
ȻԣֻҪҶһλʦֳץһĺħȻСһ׮
Ҷ첻ԸôϾһС¶ҪԼʦְæʦǲںҲô

ԳЩˣȰ㻹ѡǰ
ǰ˵˵ɣҶҡͷ
ʵ˵ͷ˵ȻˣҾ˵ˣҶµǺȤֻҪ㽫תøңҾʹӦ޸»ǡ
ǣҶɫ䣬Ҳ֮ĮĿʣһССѣֵǰôۣ
ٺ٣ɲ򵥰ĳţ˽޳а֮ӡϷЩšҪ֪ЩţһԪһͲˣû뵽һСС͵ô࣬ҵȻܺ档ʵЦ
𣡡ҶһЦ漴վʣ˵ѡڶԪ֮ǰһȥһ޵׾ץһħ
ɫҲĮ˵ãҵĺϢ˵ãҪǳԪ㻹ûȡһħô޸õĵ»ǣҲὫ´ݻ١
İɣҶҪ飬һõҶ˵գͷҲصؾ뿪ˡ
ʿҶԶȥıӰɫ漴¶һ˿Цݡ
ʱһӰ߽ؿʣ˵̫ˣĵġ
ʱˣõں𣿡ʿӰߵ
ӰĬһ£˵̫ļˣŷ۾Ÿߣңˣʥء
ʥоЦ
Ĵʦֺʦ㣬Ҳܹǵģ֮Ϊ֮ɣӰ˵գֱʧˡ
ߵȹ˺Լɣʱ飬׵壬һҪ鷳Ķ󣬺ߣ

뿪߳ǣҶۣŰɽķȥ
Ҷɫ˳˼
վǱ¶ˣ
Ҳԣǵôţĸ߲ڹעˣֻǰŷ۾ڣҶõĿأû˸Ҵǵע⡣
һΣʾȻ¶˵õǵĿģֵ˼ˡ
Ҫõǣ̻᣿ˣҶг˼ţɫ쳣ء
ҪΪϵǿߵõоܾܿͻġ
һżͻᱩ¶ҶǵҲ֮¶ǶҶ˵Ҫˡ
ҵĿռҪȥǱչˣҪѪӽǣԷ⡣Ҷ˼Ƭ̣˾ϡ
ΪҪõǣҪ
һҲԿóΪŷ۾뿪ЩѾʼҶвˡ
ȻʵҪŷ۾ĵӣˣͱסˡҶߵ
ԽԽڴԪˣΪֻн׾磬Լʵٶǿ

ɽҶĵܵ˰ɽ۵¡ػӭ
ϵܣսı̫ˣϸҶе˷ܺͼɽһҶ죬Ц˵
ҶЦЦͰɽһʹãҶŻȥ
صҶңҶͺԼĿռˣ漴ͽѪӽȥǱչأչضһġ
ҶҵҶ챾ȥ˼ԼǣȻ½ϵЩݴ½ǡ
˽޳а֮ӻڱչ⣬Ϸ硢ֻǶڡ
ҶϽԼʼһЩ̸ֻǣ֮󣬶¶صɫ
һܶﶯģʱˣǵǸȤֻһѪ
ʱˣߣս޼һ
̫ǵ̸᲻ᱻ֪
ҶҡͷİɣʥЧʥ˭Ҳ̽ǵ̸
ˣǱյãֻҶֳһȥһ˰ɽǾҶһϣ顣
ҲãҾڴ˵ǣҶ˵ͷ漴˳


һǧİʮ ̸
ʮֻ֮ǵ㶼˰ɽ
Ҷֳһӭȥ˵ߣȥ˵
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Ǵ˿ҶĿռѾһ󣬲󷨵ĺıѪλԵֵһλλ׵Ĺ
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ֻüҶϵܣıڴ𣿾ȻѪӷڴ˵ء
һڴǱޣѪڣԵֵλף԰ȫҶŵ˵
ı𲻾Σ𣿡ս޼ɻ
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ҶĿռչڴˣ͸Ӱȫˡ
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Ҷһֻش¶ˣʦҪȥһΣյĵطѾ̤ʥ磬ҵǲİΣ
ֻɫһ䣬Ūˣŷ۾ҪȥʲôΣյĵطԲѾﵽʥ磬ȴΣݣ㽻£˵Ǹطʥ̤ȥҲΣ
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ҪȥжҲ׷ʵ㱻ˣпӵû
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ǰŷ۾ֳսʥΪǿսݣܲ
Ů񸫣Ϊռʱ
ΪǿֶΣжǿߣ̤
ֻһЩλףһһ棬ͻᱻ֣Ӳ


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ʱѾ޷ټʵˣֻܵȴԪȻ׾磬վ۷塣
ǰ޵׾ʱˣ
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ȻЩµ˵ħĺħǼֱһǳµı֣صڶ࣬аħУ̫ˣԺɱһʥ
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棬ĿǰҲֻвٸ׷ǿߡ
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ţôٶͻȻô죿
󷽣һȫںɫеλɫһ䣬¶֮ɫ


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ǱˣߣҲе㱾£ѹֱΪԪǿš漴Ц׷ȥ
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ԣѡڴʱ֡
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ˣţ֪ͨˡҶ˵գϧȴˡ
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һĻʱŭ˺ɫųĺħǣǷ׷״ӳ˯֮ѣɳɫųǣɱҶǡ
ֻǣΪһâͬһߣ˲ʧ֮УȺħ˸ա
ʱ׷ĺףʱȺħˡ
޴ߣɱ⣡ħǴΪ׺ҶһģʱΧɱ
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ʱһɿµ˫֮ſƶоľκˣЯƥƣǰǿȫݻˡ
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ӵѪӣҲֻǿԱѣ϶׵Ķ֡
ϧˣЩħңʮ˷ħˡҶ漴Щź
ôҪҳ𣿡Ц
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ʦѾִ޵׾ܿˣûҪʱ֡
״ԲǿߵٶȺܿ죬ҶʮʦֽӵϢ뿪ʥǣȻֱ˺Ѳգ档
֮У״ԲǿѾĶٶȺܿ죬ûã޵׾
ֻ޵׾кޱߣҶʮʦҪҲҪһʱġ
źǸڶԸһȺħʱҶѾ뿪˵أ޵׾ĸǱжȥ
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Ǹһ׷𣿡ҶʵΪ̫ԶѾӦˡ
λ۷ǿߣӴ󣬻ֺܹס
ں棬ƺӿٶȡЦǹٶȵĻǸһͱ˦Զˡ
ţʦѾ޵׾ڲˡҶߵ


һǧİʮ ɱ
ǰ׷ǧꡣ
ЩͷˣŲԶɫâвɵɻСôٶȣѵŷ۾ʲôⱦˣСӵҲҪĹ˰ɣ
ò׷ȥˣĻԼΣˡ
ǧʱ䣬ҶѾϵֽ޵׾ˣҪ׷ȥľˡ
ǣתߡ
ţҶ죬ǼһתˡʱһĻæҶ˵
ҶЦߣˣ׷ȥ
ãҶ죬׷ȥ
˲䷢ˣɵŭõӣȻҷ׷
˵գٴεתӭҶ׷ȥ
磬ǿܣҶЦ
ðɣεص˵ͷһλ۷ǿߣһλڵСһҪܣˬ
ǴҶ죬תȥ
ɶ񣡡׼״ʱ֪ԼҶˣˣɵŭڡ
ǣҼ׷ȥֻתߡ
ȻҶֵת򣬸
쵰׼ֱףôֹ޿κΣ׷׷Ҷ죬ֻܼߡ
ȫˣҶ׷ɱˡ
ߣҪң뿪޵׾ڲҾ˺ѿռ˲ƣһλ׷ҡߵ
ȻڴʱһӴϢǰϯͬһƬѹ嫵ѹ嫺һӿϣ졣
״Բ
ɫʱ䣬Ҳ룬ͷܡ
ϧһֻ޴ĽƣңԶǿֱӲ˹Ƭȫڡ
֮Ļһߣ׷ɱСʦܣµأ˭ҲȲ㡣
δ䣬ֻ޴ĽƱѾں׵ͷϿգɢһƥѹú޴
ҵס׾ĴȡԼλһԽɫĴӣע֮£ƥ⣬ȥ
Ȼһжͽ͵ġ
ֻ޴ĽƣЯŻݿһѹ£Ѻ׺λһȽ
ͣ
Χռ䶼鿪ͬһ㲣顣
׵˲飬ʱ䶼ûУһѵĿռ֮С
ʮʦ֣
׷Ҷ죬ʱ¶ϲɫͬʱҲ̽
Сʦܣû°ɣһʮʦ֣Ҷ죬
ҶʱЩжɵ˵Ȼû£ÿʮʦչһŲǸһˣǸһ˭ʮʦʶ𣿡
ʮʦֿҶû£ʱ˿漴ҡͷҲʶλҲв٣ҲȫʶԿ϶ԷģȻҿ϶ʶ
λôɱңҶҡҡͷ漴üʮʦ㶼ʶһﵽǺҲǵ˭
Сʦܣûеˣ˾Ͳɱ㡣ʮʦֳ츳Ѿߴ츳ҲܳΪǿߣߡԣһЩܸܵв׼ǰɱ㣬Ҳǲܡ
ҶЩġ
СʦܣŻһ꣬˽򡣿˵ߴûһһġӶ硢̻󳬼Ϊежв󳬼ԼﷴˡʮʦЦ
Ҷ𾪵ìܣ
ǵȻʮʦ˵ںܶԪǰΪģӶŮĴ¿ʼ𣬲һʼǵȻĶ֣һֱѹֱŮվ۷壬ʹӶ̻ᣬҲйƵľ󳬼ʵϱ˴˶гޣֻΪҪԵжвԲŲòЭ
ԭˣʮʦ֣ζԸҵľӶ̻𣿡ҶȻ漴ʵ
ʮʦҡͷֿȻУ󣬱ϾŮѾվ۷壬ɳΪʥŶев̻ᣬǱӶļзУ顣ȻҲųǵļʣоЩаס
λ֮УҲаףҶ첻ɵóԾ
ʮʦߵǲǻܼΪȻеȤЩλѾ˼ޣǧԪһ˿ΪأǾͻе꣬ħӶΪʵֶΣͶж򡣡
ûа취һʮʦ֣ղôôأҲ׽˵ʳʲôҶ˵
ʮʦҡͷ׽Ҳûãﵽλ׾磬ԱʣʥҲκβֻܽɱ
ˣҲˡҶ漴ҡҡͷ
ʮʦѵεľͬСɣԺСĵ㣬ҪȥˣôڰɽڱչǱޣѾﵽλԲ磬Թ׼װɣҪˡ
֪ˡҶ˵ͷ
ˣȴ뿪޵׾ʮʦ˵գһӣΧնʱ飬ʱתҶۻҡ
һ̣Ҷ㷢ԼѾ޵׾ڴˡ
ÿٶȣҶ첻ɵ𾪣۷ٶȣʮʦֱҲʮǧ
һ𾪵Ҷ죬ʮʦЦ˵״Բʵ̤磬ͻһˡ׷ɱֻһλף״Բôʦʥǣ㡣
Ҳٶ״ԲǶ֮ôɱҡҶЦҡҡͷ
ﵽ״Բ磬ǶͷǵϢѾ֪زݡ
ˣȥɽͺúñչذɡʮʦ˵
Ҷæ˵ʮʦ֣㻹ȥ߳ǰɣӦýҵĵ»޺ˣҵȥû
Ҳãʮʦֵ˵ͷ漴ҶŲǿգ˲ƶ˲֪ٱ
ʱ䣬Ǳ߳ǣҶʮʦһȥʡ
ʿҶԱߵʮʦһۣߵʦֶˣô𣿡
ǰˣֻʦ֣һˡˣǰҪħѾȡˡҶ쵭һЦ漴ȡǸץסħʡ
ɨһۣص˵ͷ˵Ҫħĵ»ǣѾ޸ãȥɡ
˵գʽ»ȡҶ졣
ˣ»ǵһҶ죬ʱϲ
С𣡡ҶҲ¶Цݡ
һԵʮʦЦ˵ʣû£Ǿȸˡ
ͣһ
Ҷ޸С𣬵ҲʵⱧ˱ȭʮʦһ뿪߳ǡ


һǧİʮ 
صɽ֮ʮʦֱ뿪ˣǰʥǡ
Ҷѵһ£һǣѲҶҵĺǡ
Ѿ޸˵»ǣҴﵽλԲ磬Ǿ߿ռѾʼռ䷨ˣʱʡ
ȴѵ
ǣһ𣬲μҶÿһ궼Ҫٰһεļ硣
һٶķչҶѾ֪׳˶ٱѾ߳ɽʼΧչ
ҶΪվݴ½۷ʱҶұÿһμ硣
ݴ½棬˶׷׳Ԫޣÿپһμ磬Ҫˡ
ԣҶұ㿪ʼƳټʱ䣬һһΣٵһΣڸǵһһˡ
Щ꣬Ҷһֱⴳ߱չûвμӹһμ硣
òμһμ磬ЩǳɳΡ
ĵȴһҶҺǷڲѣЩԭ޷ҶӵܣҲе飬׷׸˻
ϾôҶӵѾټҶ桱ˣֻڡ桱֮¡
ò׿Խհһ棬ǵȻԸᡣ
ңܹǰúñһ£Ǿ͸ˬˡ
죬콫´꣬ȻȥμӼˡңԶǿգһӰ󣬸Ҷҡ
û뵽μμ磬ôˣһûмء
ɲų󣬴û档
ٺ٣ҼһΣ̫Զμ磬ȴǿԽ뿴棬˷ܰ

Ҷҵӵǣһ˷ܣظҶҡ
˿̣ҶҵһȺˣҲ׼Ĺó
ˣæĲֺһ˷ܺͼ
Ҷҵӵܷ׷׸˻翪ʼС
޴ǿչ㳡һǿӰ飬Ҳһλס
ױҶ
Ҷһ˵ĻڴУҶһ˻̤ǿնóշڡ
Ҷ磬㿴ڶܻӭľѩ΢Ц˵Ů֮츳ߵһѾ̤λھ硣
ѾûΪˣȵ֮ʱֻܶڰɽڶһ١
ҶԣɨΧҶӵһۣɵ̾һתۣѾһٶˣ£ǰݴ½ʱҶҶΪһˣ
Ҳɣע⡣ľѩ˵
ǰһչأǧ꣬һչأǶ㣬ʱ˵ǲֵǮҲЦ˵츳ľѩ˶٣Ҳλ񾳽硣
ǺǣҶЦЦ漴Զһ䣬˵ã㿴ǲҶСˣŪһүүװ磬оȻСޣ
ҶĿ⿴ȥȻڲԶҶ
ҶǺҶͬҶҴ廹Ҷ츳ôãҶԴĶѻ£ӲˣҲֻ񾳽硣
ʱҶ׷ԲԣͬһүүŻСޣ߸ΧһȺͷԵǡ
ⶼеųСޣ츳ԱءЦ˵
Ҷҡҡͷ̾츳ǲгΪ׵Ǳϧ̫ˣԪһֻλ񾳽磬Եٽˡ
ԪҪˣԪĩڵţԵ׾磬ǲ̡ľѩҲ̾
һ棬ҪԼʥ˲԰Ϊ߹زΪۻ絶ն콾Ҷ쳤̾
һ̨£漴ʼ
ҶҵļҪʼҶ졢ҶЩҶǻ㱨һҶҵķչԼҵ״
һЩҶҵǣ龳翪ʼ񾳽磬ٵ񾳽磬ʼһһд衣
ҶһһۿǹۿЩıԡ
Ҫ֪ҶҵЩǳԪĩڣڲŻ˼ʮѣ񾳽磬츳лΪףֻǴһʱѡ
ˣЩԺܳΪλԲǿߣҶҵ֧ԱҶصע
ãǸС˭ȻҶ쿴һֺͻˣɵЦʵ
һԵðһۣߵܲڵѪ𣿡
ҵȻܹܵӦҵһֻǲ֪һġҶʱЩε˵
Ҷʥ츳ȺһΪص㣬δ顣
ʣµļŮҶѩҶҶǶˣѾ֦ɢҶ֪жٴ
Ҷ磬ǻһҶǳǶʮǰģǰòŸո̤λڡľѩЦ˵
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ϧԪֻʣ¼ʮʱˣСһɳ
ǰ츳ȺٰսһԽȡõһϧˣľѩ̾
Ҷ쿴Ҷǳ뵽ʱмأͬʱʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨һ̶ȣǿдʱճеһ϶Уתҵ磬㽫СӺҶҵһЩ츳֮ܳͽȥǻгΪ׵Ļᡣ
ӣҶĿռһֱڲʱʣĶࡣ
ֻǣڵʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򣬶ûдﵽĳ̶ȡ
ҶԼţڵĿռ⣬ӵпռƣռ䷨ٶȺܿ졣
Ҫǣʱ䷨򾭹ϴݴ½ĶҲܿ졣
Ҷ׼μ֮ıͿʼȫʱ䷨򣬿ռռ䷨߽Ŭ˵лɹ
ңֻʱճ֮дһϸСķ϶ѣһѶȲ
ѵ㣬һˣͬʱʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ֻпõ
һ㣬Ҷ˵ȴڣѾһ
Ҷ죡ڴʱҶС˹Ҷк
Ҷʱӳ˼֮ЦſҶ˵Сһﲻʲô֣
ٺ٣ҶҶǣģôҶЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ǷǣǸ֡
ҵȺҲСӲϧʱҶ̾
ǺǣûоԵ飬ҲǻлءҶ΢΢Ц
ҶҡҡͷȻ֪Ҷǿ󣬵ǿҲֿܵĹ
úҶҵļĻҶҲȥչزʱ䷨ˡ
´Ҵңֲ֪ȥˡ
涼˼žϼҴڣǰһʼΣ
Ԫ涼һɻϢһЩ鶼뿪ˡ


һǧİʮһ Ԫս
ԪսᣬĻ漴뵹ʱ
ʱһȥⴳԽԽ٣Ҷ׼Ľѡ
һЩˣΪԪޣټϸû߳Ի֪Ҫ顣
ʱڣϢɱ͵һ١

ʮ
Ҷıӱչ֮лɫĹâ˸ʱȥ
ʱҶ죬Щ豹棬һϢʧӰ٣һˡ
ȻȴܹһƵʱճӡ
ʱͿռģʱճӶ۳ɣҶЩʱá
Ȿʱʻдλߣʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ֻǲ֪ǲҵǰҶ찵뵽
ҵʱ䷨ѾﵽһµأȵռأҾܹʱճˡ
Ҷ漴Ц
ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨츳ܸߣôʱʵİȻܴ
ʱ䷨ĺ嫺ҶڻԶ
Ͼ𣬶ûаһԲ磬ֻеĳǿ߲ܹõ
֮Ҷڰɽתתİɽڵˣ֮ǰ౶
ȥһطɽ˺ǳ֡
Ҷ֪漴뵹ʱԽԽǽڱˡ
漴ҶʲôϢ
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֪һں״ܺãҶͷˣ漴ϵʮʦ֡
ʮʦ֣ʦûл𣿡Ҷ֪ʣһϣϾŷ۾Ҫǻˣ϶֪ͨġ
Сʦܣżʦʥȫ֪ʲôΣգʥ͸֪ˡʮʦֻѶ
Ҷ漴˿ʮʦּһر
Ҷֳһ뿪˰ɽε
ǿգʱһƬ𣬺Ϣ
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Ҷ̤貵ǿգ˫֣εš
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ҡҡͷЩƵ˵ϲƨСӻûнףʵѾҲˣѪӣҶĶ֡˰
Ҷ첻ɵݸһЦһ𲢼̤գ
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׸̾漴ʱҲֻײһ£Ԫһ˿羰ȻС̬⡣
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ɴ磬ʱЩ򶼻𣿡Ҷ첻ɵʵûоԲֳ֪
ҡҡͷ˵Щ£ǲᱻݻ٣ҵȵµļԪʼеŨ񡣡
ŶǺֻֻ𣿡Ҷ쾪ȵ
ǰΪ𣬾ըһеһжսᣬȻ¿ʼ
ڿˡ
Ц˵絶û˵֮ʱ쵶նе飬Щûķˣû£һֻӵбͨǿһܵ쵶նɱ
ֻ쵶ǿʵһ飬쵶ǿҲͲͬô̬ˣʱҪٵ쵶նɱˣǧҪСġ
ѵ
Ѫӣס쵶Ӧÿ԰ɡҶɻ𣬲Ӧô򵥡
쵶ֻǵһҲ򵥵һΣյģЩ򡣡׳˵
򣿡Ҷ첻ɵɻ
򣬻лһ䣬ַǳ񱩣ϯ棬˷飬ûж֮УǾҪЩ񱩵Ķѹֻгסѹһֶ򣬲̤׾硣˵
Ȼ֮ģ磬ˡҶгţ˵ȷѣаա
ţһģͿ㵽ʱܹһ쵽ʲô磬Ҳλ۷徳СЦ˵
Ҳܺ棡Ҷ΢΢Ц
һ·գԽǿգ߱
ڰɽֱ
׽λ׾磬׼ǰսȥĥһˣֻˣлΪλס
Ҷ죬չأһ߲ʱ䷨һߵȴԪսᡣ
Եúƽڵȴ¼ԪĿʼ
ֻи߸ϵǣ̸ЦеѲеǰսԪսᣬϾ飬Ѿ֪˶ٴˡ

棬һźڰУʮӰۼڴˣһǿޱȣҲλס
ǶѪħǱǿߡ
λǱͬ飬ʣЩˡԣҾãһӦüһšһѪħǿ߿˵䡣
ҲôΪҽǵĿҶ죬Сӵ츳̫ǿˣǰɱҡ֮УԺΪڶŷ۾Ů𡣡
ŮҲ̧̫ˣҲ龡пܳΪڶŷ۾
ţʱһкܶǿڱǿδܹ֣ҾǻǻһĿ꣬Ǹ޳ͺܲҶ죬ɱҲֵˡ
Ǹа֮ҲҲӶǸֻصģȻʱ䷨򣬲

֮ʱΨһһλ˵ˡ
ˣҶԪʵ̫ˣҶвξͼԸһ̤׾硣
˶ʱû飬ֻвûжٰգϾעҶ̫ˣǺѵ֡
Ȼܹ֣ǾԻѪħܡ
ʱǽʣʮ꣬Ҳš
ӣֻʣһǧˡ
ǧʱ䣬˵Ǽһգ۶ѡ
ڱչеţ׷׳أǿգгڴš


һǧİʮ 쵶
˵ʱֻʣһǧꡣ
ǧʱ䣬˵Ҳֻգ֮ѣת˲
һǧڣڵһţӱչ֮׷̤ǿգȴʱ̵ĵ
ʱڣǳǿϢһλԲ硣
ʣǶԪţ׼һ̳׾硣
ȻҲȻﵽλԲ磬ȴûĳ׾磬ԻǶ֮ڣҳ
ͬʱһλλߴףǿ֮УǶǣ׼ػЩš
ԭž򣬴ʱȴ˶ԪĻԻ͡
ԻĻЩŻмܹڣмܹ̤۷壬㣿
һжδ֪һжҪȵһ̲֪

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ҶĿռ˫һ˫ɫĹâȻ˫Ŀ֮бΧĿռ䶼ƽ֮С
ƻռ䣬տռ䣬ֻռ䣬˽ռ䡣Ҷ˵գվһһ㣬
Ȼһ̣ҶѾݴ½Ͽˡ
һ˲֮УҶ˿ռ֮Уñ˲ƻҪٶȣݴ½Ͽա
ңƶû˿ռϢ׶޷
ڲ̤ռ䷨磬ǰֻһƤëѡҶϳЦݡ
ôռ䷨˾޴ջǰĿռ䷨򲢲ܹǿսȴˡ
ңʱʣѾռռ֮ڣȫռ֮УΪռһ֡
ڻСֻһ
֪ʱ䷨ˣҶ漴ɽķ漴λǼ仯ΪһˣҶ챾Ϣͬ
ţ
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ͬʱҶ֮г˼ϤӰ
ӳҲˣ
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ӳͿ׾ˣô𣿡ԪҲӭЩ꣬˶һҶұչأΪǶǹ¼ҹһͼҶңΪҶҵ̫ϳϡ
ҿû˱ˣҶЦ˵
һԵЦԪһӼԪڻڣͻĲͷˣһѾȺܾˡ
СӣôƵģߣԪϵ۵
ҿû˼㡮˼ҡĻۣ׻׾֡
Сʶ࣬ߣԪߵ
ˣȥҿط׼ɣҲҪһط׼һӭԪԻ͵һˡҶЦ˵
ĿЦµһ̲Ŷԣ
ҪԼģԱ˵ǿ£˵ǻԵǴԵҶЦЦ̤նȥʧǿ֮С
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ɽ磬㻹ǸϽ뿪ɣҹȺжǿߵʱҡҶ漴˵
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һΣҶ׾磬Ҷųͳ춼ûΪڵʵҲѪӵҶǿ٣ҲûС
߲֪Ҷʮʦָ֮󣬾û˹ˣһλ״ԲĳǿػʲôΣҲС
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Ҷ죬ݴ½һǿϢô£˸ף㲻֪𣿡Ȼ޳Ϣ
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貵ǿ֮УԵĸߴӰһֲϢ캳أϯ档
ݴ½ĲԶһİӰһʯϣҶĿռ
ıòϢԽ޳Ųʶ
ҶǱͿռһףϾĿռͬһʵ壬̤ͬ׾磬
һ˫ףҪǴ˳ȥԻڵġ
Ҷ츳ȺѾ̫ĿˣĿռ¶Ǿ̫ˡ
ʲô£̲
ҶѾúܶ˼ɵˣ֪пռЩ˿¾ͻ뾡һа취ɱˡ
ԣҶ쵽ΪֹؿռĴڣֻаɽһ֪
֮⣬ŷ۾ʦǣ֪һǱµĶ
ңؿռԺҶҲкôһЩ·飬ܽռ졣
ԺһЩΣյĵط߷ȥˣ뱾û£ؼʱ̣൱ڶһ
Ҷ죡
ߣ
ңԶǿ֮УһӰŰɽķһЦ
ŷƷ졣
Ʒ죬㰲ĳףһλλڸػ㡣һԵŷӢ˵
ŷƷ˵ͷȴһҶ죬Ǳǿǵ̤׾磬δػ
Щһֱڱչأȴ֪ҶѾ˦ĺԶԶˣŷӢȻֱ֪ܲӸŷƷ˵ѾҶ˦ĺԶˣˣȻܣ
䣡
ڴʱһȻ죬档
ŷƷ춸Ȼ̧ͷ貵ǿգͻȻ߲ʹâһſǣ١
ԱߵŷӢɫһ䣬ʼˣϽ׼
˵գٺˣҴŷƷ졣
ϸȥһ߲ʹâͬһ㣬âɱȻ
ǿʼ


һǧİʮ 
ÿһ߲ʹâ絶ն콾
ԪĻ
ʼˣ
ɣ
һҪΪף

أһǿϢЩǣͷ׼ӭЩ߲쵶ϴ
һ̣ԪԻ͵ʱ̣ЩǣΪʱǡ
мܹվ۷أ
ǿҵĺ棬ЩǣҲԱ߹ۿ
𣿡һ޴ʯϣҶͷնɱ߲쵶ѤĹâǳĴĿƥķâ˱
ңԶǿգҶܹ̺ܵȫԲ
ԭˣﵽλԲ磬һԲ򣬸޷ס쵶Ĩɱ
ҶжʱȻ
ͬʱǱ߲쵶Ѿɱ貵⣬һӽҶûˣƥķâݺݵسҶ档
䣡
Ҷ·һ̫ɽײϣǹǿɢµʯ˲͸ݻˣֲĵͬӿɱϯƬա
̫ˣ
ȻҶһ˫֣һɡ
ӵ壬һλ׶Ҫǿ࣬Ĺɾܵס
쵶̺򣬶Բĺڰĵסˡ
ô𣿡Ҷҡҡͷ쵶ٶûá
ˣСʦܣŸտʼѡʮʦִû
Ҷ˵ͷ񷡣
ʱһ߲쵶նޱѤɱˡ
ѵԱ֮ǰǰѸǿЯ൱λ׵ȫһˡ
ԭղŵֻ̽ǶˡҶɫһʱȫӿȣʹ彥ɫĹâ
䣡߲쵶ƥɱնɱӿȡ
үɱ췣ɱתƣ˵ˡ
Χǿգһ˲䶼ʧȥ˹ʯ飬ռҲ˺ѡ
һǳĿ죬Ҷ޷ֱӺؿڡ
ۣҶؿڶʱѪɫѪҺ֮ȼɢһɿֲϢΧն֧Ųס
߲쵶ȻƿҶƤȴҲ޷ȥȻƱһεӲ˳Զ֮б鿪
Ҷϵ˿ڣҲ˲ָûˡ
һ߲ʵ꽵٣Ҷûˡ
ǧ߲쵶նÿһ֮ǰĲ٣ÿһɢſֲ˿־塣
ȣ
Ҷһȫӿȣɫֱ񷣬
ͬһɫ̫ͷųɵ⣬ƬǿգһƬ貳ҡ
Щ߲ʵ޷ûҲϯĹâЩûˡ
ұȵ⣬ҲСҶһɿֲռϱΧЩ߲쵶ȫˡ
Ŀ£̺߲쵶ҲȲǿռ⡣
Ϊռ
ǿµģеսᡣ
ĵѾԽҲûա
Щ߲쵶֮еĵ⣬ҶռǰԵЩЦˣһ
Ҷ峹ױµϯΧǿգЩ߲쵶޷

ͬʱصǣҲ߲쵶նɱ
һЩ˵򣬶߲쵶٣һЩǿУڷ
õģˣҲʧȥһΪ
쵶ֻҪûдﵽλԲ磬޷⡣
෴Щǣ߲ܲ쵶Ĵڣ
ǿΧһǿߵʱ췢ŭˣ׷׹ڵϣıӡ
ǵĵ۹һЩʵǣڼ죬ǳݳǡ
Ļ𣬼ԪսᣬǻңԶֻһЩҶѡ
ЩǣҵģûüԼ˳ûлȫЩ߲쵶նɱʬ޴棬Ϊ档
һЩոմﵽλԲ磬Ϊȣ۲ǿߣҲЩ߲쵶նɱ
Щ˻۲ȴҲҰĺ׾磬³ܲңһ˵УҲֻһ˲ܳŵùЩ߲쵶Ĩɱ
ףɣŸո̤λԲ磬޷׾硣һڣǿտ޺
վһߴӰɢһǿϢ
ҪһԣᣬҾҲܳΪˡһˣ˫Ŀ죬Ƭϯ߲쵶г˷
ˣкܶ࣬Щ˶ˣΪ˶ȡΪ׵һ˿ᣬȻȥƴ
ϧ߲쵶ǳ飬űɱ٣Ӹˡ
ڣĶڴ޺ţˡ

ݴ½һƬǿ֮УҶĿռҲڳ׾磬ӭ߲쵶ϴ
ȱǱ˿ߣҶߵ
ߵ߲쵶ȱǱһ㶼ҵĹ
Ҷռ֮УԼϢЩǲ
ãʱ׵̫ˣЩǶڹעЩյĳţٻעƫԶ
ңҶռ䷨֮󣬿գԼϢͣ͸Ӳˡ
ҵ嶼׾磬Ǳվ۷ˡҶЩڴ뵽
ͬʱȫֵЩ߲쵶Ĺ
߲쵶նɱͬһſǰҫۣ濴ۼȴ̺޾ɱ
ʮʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
ʱнٵ߲쵶ԽԽˣЩļ򣬶ʼɢ·˷յز
һɲϢϯ档
ԪսᣬĻ𣬽һµĽ׶Ρ
棬ߴ򣬸򣬿ʼϢǳŨҡ
Ǳڰ֮УεԽԽңռ䣬еķȫѹƣɢˡ
棬һӣֻʣ
ˣҪףأһλλλԲǿߣȫ¶˷ܺͼ׷գʼ֮ģ硣
ҶҲգȫĵظܺƵ
ֶκһ򣬶ֶܹеһ
ҶȻûʺԼҲŹᣬҪȻջǱˣ
ԣʱеǣȫ
ܹɹãܹɹԼĻᣬܷŹ׵ĳɹʲŸ


һǧİʮ һһ
ޱߵ棬еķ򶼸ȳȥеĵطֻʣԽԽŨٵѹúܶλԲǿ߶ʼЩ֧Ųסˡ

Ҫס
ߵϣһλԲǿӭ𣬵ȴһƬƬѣ޾˺飬Ҳû
һλ·˵أߵ̫ǳ۲Ҳ׾磬ֱ
ʵˣкܶࡣ
һԪ1200ܹ꣬ʵ̫ˣﵽλԲľǸˡ
Щڣҳ׾硣
ǸλԲҰĺܴʮ㣬Ըʱƴһ
Ͼ׾̫ˡ
ֻҪܹΪףվ۷壬һԪһԪֳȻĸоǵ׷
ңֻҪΪףһλףܿһΪ߸ϵһ֮ߵĵλǳ
ҲΪʲôǿߣ֪ʺܵͣԸȥƴһ
Ҽסˣˣ֮ģ磡
ǿ֮УһߴӰ˷ܵЦݡ
ɹȥˣһ˿ڰֻ̤׾磬֮ģ׼ˡ

ԶһѲӴ˵صף¶Цݡ
ףѲӸأ˳ػЩ׵Сһǡ
ԼһλףȻܸˣǵǿʢһˡ
ʮꡭʮꡭ
Ѿʼ˼ʮˡ
ԽԽȥҲһŰ˹е֮ĺͿ硣еûڰĵȴһĵźء
Ԫսᣬ絶ն콾
һյ䣬һų谭̤۷塣
ǾͺñԪı٣еų貵ʻеĲ㣬ɡ
˾ϲ˻˱ʹ࡭
ֹʮ֮꣬еʼƽȻΧ֮У𽥼٣䵭ˡ

һЩͲһˣȴûʱˡ
óŹˣȻû򣬵һλᡣһλԲͷĺˮЩҵ˵
䣡Զǿ֮Уһ̫ͬһĳҹâĽɫԣ棬ռ䡣
֮ģ
˳ɹ֮ģ
֮ģѾȫˣֻҪ˳ؿٳ磬ܳΪˡ

һ
Ľ˼ʣ˰Ŀᶨ
ɽһǿ֮УҶ컺ջؿԶɫâĿ⣬΢΢Цҡҡͷû뵽츳Ⱥȴû򣬰
ӵбλ׻Ҫǿ壬Źѹǳɣһʼȫ򣬵ȴȻûгɹ
Ҷ֪ȻǳţҲܵģеķ򣬶
Сʦܣйռʺϻһɹġʮʦְο
Ҷ˵ͷʵҲ֪ԼʺϻΪռǹǿĵ֮ʺ
֮󣬱ǻˣʱ棬ʱµļԪҲĻ
һҪɹҶ쿴Ż谵ǿգս˫ȭڸеһ˿š
Ȼл򣬵Ҷ֪лıǻ
Ǹһ㶼ƥ䣬ûжĿԽ
ֻл򣬲ƥģҲϣܹɹġ
䣡
ڴʱԶǿ֮УһųҵĽɫâֱƲ񷣬
һɹɿֲͬ嫺ľξˣϯǿա
֮ġݴ½ķѵҶ첻ɵ𾪣漴æϵռ
ΪҪף𣬻ǿռܱš
ԣжϺͿռϵ
ڿݴ½۳֮ģʱ뵽˿ռ
ȻյĴѶҶĿռϾͻѶˣȷһ˿ڿٳ֮ģ׼ء
û뵽𣬾ȻҵķҶ־ϲ漴Ц
Ǳƣñ𣬾ȻԼķ
ռӵкڰƺͿռƣ츳ǷҶ챾ںڰ츳ռ͸ˡ
ԣҶûһ˿򣬵ռȴһ̳ɹˡ
صͨѶҶûмſռ硣
һǿĿռ˵Ѿǳɹ̤׾磬ֻʣʱˡ
ҲգһɹˣҲһοҶ漴¶Цݣؿǿգ׼ӭӻĽ١
򣬹˼壬һַǳµķ
ûн٣صǿǣѾܵΧǿ֮УʼһɹɻϢͷƤ飬
ɣ
ҶĿ貣ʮ㡣
û˵ȴãһ֮ڽˡ
ͬеľһ㣬ЯŴ߿һ˷Ŀռ֮ӿһӾͰеѹסˡ
Ҷ죬оһǿϣȻðһ˿˿϶
̫ˣǻ򣡡ҶЩȣ漴Ǿϲæת޸һ˿˿϶Ȼգʼ
ͬʱطĺܶţеıֱӺˣǶλԲǿߣָ̻û
еţһ𱻷飬֮أǳͱҡ
򣬻ٵ̫ˣҲ̫ǿˡ
һڳ׾ţǿĻĨɱˣʣµһС˻ҧš
ǳΣյʱ򣬷ĻÿԪôλԲǿߣôֻ˰ף
ֲĻ֮£Ҷ嶼飬Ȼ˵ʲô⣬ΪųԽλ׵ǿ塣
˾ûֺôˣ౻壬ȻָȻٱ飬ٻָ尾ţҪĲ򣬽׵Ļ͸Сˡ
а֮ǿţҲʱر壬Ȼ˫Ŀȫ
ʱЩڳ׾ǣڼ١
ڸλԲڳ׾磬ڣȴѾֻʣ¼ǧˣʮ֮һ߲쵶֮£ʮ֮֮£ʣµʮ֮Ǳɻɱ


һǧİʮ ʧ
嫵콾ţȴֻʣ¼ǧڿţѰһ˿ãĻᡣ
ȻԽԽ࣬ǳɹ۳֮ģڿţҲԽԽˡ
Ԫźܶ࣬Ÿ࣬ڣѾʮ˳ɹ֮ˡ
Ҫ֪ϸԪҲֻ˰׶ѡ
ھѾʮˣ¿϶ࡣ

ݴ½һƬǿС
û뵽Ȼûгɹ֣ҶĿռ¶ȵĹâӵ˱ĴѶ
ȻûпռĺڰƺͿռƣʱ֮ĺͿռ֮ģ壬ֻǿ
Ȼûгɹ
ռʺϻɣռͱʵһ˼룬Աܹ뵽飬Ҳܹõ
ϾǴӱֳһ˿ˣԱûӰ졣
ˣ߿ռҲȥ
űôߵ츳µĻһԲ
£ʼȫ磬һƬɫԣʱϯ˷Ƭǿպж
֮ĺҶоԼ·һߵĲΣȫ̤۷壬һС
һĳѣȻûȫѾԼ˼ˡ
ͺ񳤴˺ӣѾ뿪˸ĸıӣ̤硣
ĸ߶ȣҶܹظоԼ˼ޱȵǰռǳٶȴӿ౶
ǾһߵĲΣʥ̤񾳽һ
ȫ磬Ҷ߿ռ˼ȫĵͶ뵽Ŀ֮С
ǽĻһ壬ֻоûκεĲʡ
Ĳͬ
Щ˵ǲûԻĳʱܵش
ǣҶ߿ռѾ֮ģ򣬰ֻ̤׾磬ûиܵĿ£෴һֺĸо·Ҫ硣
ƽϲڰţΪĶǳŨϲֻ
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ҶĿռڿ磬ǹǿľҲȻͣÿռ䷨ˣ޷סЩǡ
ãҶĿռѾ翪ٽԼϵϢܿԶ̤նһλס
Сӣ츳ߣղԶԶţһ½λǿˣʲô֣λҲһλףѲƬطҶĿռ
ǰҽ飬Ҷѣڴ˽ף˳տһǡҶĿռ˵ڲϢһλ׸ĵϸ
ԭҶѣҶ컹ûгɹȴɹˣǹϲˡλ׶ʱ¶ЦݣҶѣǾͲֵûˣϾҶĵλҪߡ
ܿ죬λ׾ȥˡ
ҶŸоԼ壬ѾúܴһָԸǣһƶܸһƬǿգǿ壬ֱ˼顣
ȻҶ첢ûչֳǿ壬Ǿ̫ҡˣķע
ҶעĻԼʵ;硣
΢΢һ£ԼȻֱӿλ׾磬̤λ׾磬Ȼֻλ׳ڣҲ֮ǰǿ˲֪ٱ
λ׾磬ҵռټѪӣԺЩλһսˡҶʱ¶ǿҵţһ̣ܵԼʵǿ
ǰҶȻԽսΪԷľڲ࣬ʵȶԷܵԷѹơ
񵱳޵׾ŷӢսͬȴŷӢѹơ
ڣҶľﵽλ׾磬ս;ȫƥ䡣
˵ǰҶֻܶԿλףλǰסôڣҶԻһλףǲࡣ
ͿˡҶĿռһ̾漴һ̤ݴ½ҶҴ壬ʼչء
ûбҪչɡ
̤׾磬ҪȫˣͬʱҪֳһ˼ռ䷨ǻ𵶵䡣
һãȻᵢٶȣҶѾˡ
Ѿ̤׾磬ӵ޾Ԫһδλ𣬼Ԫһδսᡣ
ʱ䣡
˵Ѿֻһˣûôˡ

ʱ仹ڼһһȥˡ
ԽԽȥԽԽ˳ɹ׾磬ȻȥչǱˣϾǻҪȹΪ
Ѿһʮ˳ɹ׾ˡ
ݴ½ЩǣҲ̤׾磬޳ֻҲ򣬾ҶĶҶʥ̤׾һ
Ȼа֮Ϸ硢ս޼ׯҲҶһͽ̣Ҳ˻ڿ硣
ݴ½ĳǣֻʣҶСûȻȫš
޳Ҳ֪ϢȻнҲҴҶ죬ֻȾۼڰɽȴҶСɹ
Сߵ˻ʵ·ܲͻԺܴ󣬶ʺϵĻ򡣡ֻ˵
Ҷأһʺҿʺϵıǻ򣬾ȻûгɹΪʲôս޼һɻ
һʱ䣬Ҳɹɣ޳˵ֻɫЩأһ˿ǡ
Ҷɣһʵ̫̬ˣ̤׾ЩѶȣһԳɹġ˵
ݴ½ĳǣңңҶķ͸޾գǿԿҶ챻ŨĻ
˺ܳʱ䣬ҶﶼûгֽɫĹ⣬û۳֮ġ
ôһݴ½Ŷˡ
ڰйעҶʮʦ֣¶֮ɫô᣿СʦܵռʺϻŶԣʦֵܣʦ𣬶ôڶûгɹ
棬һȺѪħǿߣҲڰעҶ졣
죬㿴Ҷ޷򣬹ƺѳΪסһѪħǿ˷ܵ
ӦСʵ̫ˣܵ汾ԴļˣҪ֪ԽǿţԽѽףһ޷̤׾ˡһѪħǿ˵
ȱ⣬ټܽףҲûбҪ¶ȥԸšλ׳˵Ҳһ˿˷ܺͼ
ȫ֣δܹɱҶ졣
ڣҶԼʧˣô츳죬ⱲҲ̤׾ˣֻܱλԲ硣
һҶʵ࿰λףѪħ˵һвûУҲûбҪķҶˡ


һǧİʮ µļԪ
ʮꡭʮꡭʮꡭ
İʱ䣬ҴҶЩֲĻҲ֮ʧͬǰһ㣬Ƭ֮С

һЩûλԲǿߣɵýش
Ȼû˿ô赲˻ɢ
ɽһƬ֮УҶ컺۾Ŀгţ嶼̲ס
ҾȻûгɹ
ҶһƬ
ս죬һ򶨣˿Ҳ̲ס
ûҲˣǻǸƥķûвǶ˵ֱһѡ
Ȼʣһ򣬵һ㶼ƥ䣬ûжٰҿԽ
ѵʵ̫ǿˣ޷׾𣿡ҶЩĵغ
Զڰɽڵһݴ½ǣЩйעҶǣȫˡ
Ҷ˭
ԪǿţǧٸԪҲҶǿλԲ
ˣӦú׾ܽ׾磬ôûгɹ
ô£ôûн׾磡ɽڣҶʥ͵ǡ
ǰҶ˻ʦҿǿˡҲʧɫǡ
ѵӢ𣿡޳ɫص˵
ֻҡҡͷ˵ӢţЩ츳ˣҲô׽׾磬ҿӦǳʲô⣬ֻܿҶԼˣǸû취
ʣһʧˣǡս޼˵ȥˡ
һݴ½ĳǶǳأҶ޷ףôս죬Ҳֻһλ׶ѣԺҲ޷ˡ
һǿţջ֮ܿܿУΪƽһס
Ҹףһ̶ȣҶʥ
ʦһҪɹҲڴ
ҶϵܣɽҲս˫ȭĿ⴩͸գҶڵƬǿա
֮УӦҶռܣҲ֪ҶĿռѾ̤׾硣
̤׾磬Ϊαסɽгźʡ
ҶϵܣһҪɹɽĬĬ뵽
䣡
ڴʱһȻ죬档
ţأ򣬶ȻŨ
һ˲䣬ɿݵĵ֮أȫ
Щĵе׶֪µļԪҪʼˡ
˴˿̣Ѿֻʣλڼ׾ˣҶ֮һ
һҪɹһŴȻϥȫӿ
Ҳʧܣ
һҪ̤׾磡

һŶ˫Ŀ죬ƴˡ
Ϊ֪ᣬǲܽףҪ䡣
򡭡һҪ򣡡֮УҶٶϥ£۾г˼ᶨ
ƥ䣬ҲҪһ£ĻҪˡ
Ŀռ̤׾磬ı̤磬ȻҪµ䡣
ĿռҲ֮䡣
Ҷ죬Ҫʧˡ
ʲô漣ʲôţʲô񻰣󣬶ֻʣһʷѣ
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غٵء
أӿŨϢϯµ
һЩԭɿݵǳ˿̶һЩֲ˿Ծס
˽һЩǣԡϢ֮󣬶˼ʮԪ
֮·»˹ǰĻϢ
ȻЩڳ׵˵ȴһѡ
ҲʧܣһŴ𣬾ȻΪٳû򣬶޴ѹֱӷˡ
ţϳһ˿˿ѷ죬涼ѷ졣
һ飬ˡ
ţҲԽԽࡣ
Ϊ浮ѾˣµļԪҲҪʼˣӿҲʼٶȣƺҪˡ
˵Щżˣһ򶨵Ҷ죬̲סˣг˽
Ϊٳû
䣡
Զǿ֮УһƬҵĹâͻȻ
֮ģ
Ȼһһ˵ļһ
Ǻǣ

һЩ׶΢΢Ц
ڰɽڣһݴ½ĳǣҲ
Ҷ죡ս޼ɫһ
ֻȴ¶ЦݣССӹȻڳɹˡ
˵֪СĬĬ˿һ뵽Ҷ컹ûгɹһ
ô£ѵҶҪʧ𣿡а֮ɫޱȳء
ҸһɹġҶʥŭ˫ͨһƬĽˡ
һԵҲˣСͱҶ츧󣬲Ҵѧһֱ̤׾硣
Ҷĸ飬֮黹ҪϾҶʥ껹ֻڱ󣬲Ҷ߳
ʦʦ縸̵УҶĸûʲô
ãҪʼˡͻȻׯɫһ䡣
һݴ½ĳŶѾ̤׾磬ȻҲܹܵĳʱɫһ䡣
µ浮ˣµļԪˡ
Ƕڻڳ׾˵ȴһѡ
ףҶʥ̲ס˳ȥ
ʦ𣡡Ҳ޺۾˳ȥ
һݴ½ţɽڣȫҶڵƬǿա
ͬʱڱչصĿռҲ͵۾г˲š
Ȼʧˣôܣ
ռʱˣһʧܣҲҪ·һ
ԸԼʧܣٱܻš
ôûеռһƬʣҲڰУҶڵƬǿպɶȥ
֮Уˣֱɢ
µ˲˻Ҳкܶʹ
Щڳ׾ǣֻ߰˸˳ɹ򣬴˻ʧˣҲ飬ʧƬ֮䡣
ʱ֮еҶ죬ǿ棬Ҳʼһ˿˿ѷ졣
ڵҲˣѷ졣
Ҷ죡
ף
ʦ𣡡
ҶϳֵһĻһݴ½ĳǣȫɫ䡣
Ѿĳˣ޷ˡ
СʦܣڰбҶʮʦ֣ʱҲ̲סˣ𾪺ͲŵضҶ졣
ʧˣ츳ǿСʦܣȻʧˣôܣ
ҶȻӢţǶ֣Լʧˡ棬һЩѪħǿ߲ɵ˷ܴЦ
Ȼǵ֮ɫһɿֲϢʱϯ
ȺСʦˣҲһȥʮʦͻȻ˺棬˰棬¶ͷųޱߵɱͬһɱɱȺѪħǿ֮Уû˿Եסһȭһһ
ͷȺѪħǿˣֻ֮ǰΪ˱Ҷ죬ûмŶ֡
ʱŭڰŭйȺѪħǿˡ
ϧҶϵѷԽԽˣΧѾ׵ʧˣҶ޽׵Ļˡ


һǧİʮ ĩ
µļԪ֮һƬ
Щʧȥŵļʹ౯֮⣬Щɹ׵ŵļǣȫ˷ܵĻ׼ף䡣
Ͼһ׵ĵǿ
ڰɽƬǿ֮Уȴǳѹֵա
һȺݴ½ĳţȫΧϥҶ죬ɫѿг˵ġ
ʮʦҲս˫ȭӰ˳ɫ
ΧļѲӵףҲ˹˼ؿ𽥳ѷҶ죬׷׾
ôܣ
ҶȻʧˡ

⼸׷·𿴼˹һš
뵽˭ʧܣҲҶŶԡ
Ҫ֪ҶԪǿţսɨ޵УߴŶ̧ͷ
ľô޷׾磿
Ϊʲô
𺳲ѣг˲ţ˶ˡ
ৣ
ڴʱһ˫貵Ľɫֱһ
˲ɵæǰǵϥӰ׷¶ڴɫ
ȻӰϵѷ죬û˿٣ʼˡ
ȴ۾
Ҷ죡
ף
ʦ𣡡
һݴ½ĳǣʱӭȥĺ͵ǡ
ЩϤĺѣҶһ̾˵˼ʧˣû򡣡
˵֮䣬ϵѷˣһĿġ
Ҷʥ˫ĿʱһƬ
ʦⲻܣֱӿˣ档
һݴ½ĳǣ˿Ҳ¶˵ɫеҶĶ֣еҶսѣеҶĳôദѾһȺֵˡ
񣬿Ҷ켴䣬Ȼܡ
ʦ𡭡
ԶһߴӰ̤ŽƲ
ǸոտСõϢϾ͸ˡ
ҶϵܣҲϹҪǰսģû뵽ҶȻʧˣɰϰ¡
Ҷϵܣ
ҶųҲˣͳ죬˵ɫ˳ء
ӳ
ԪϡġҲ˹ǶɹˣǴ˿ȴûһ˿ϲãֻ޾ı˺Ͳš
ǸΪ̬ǿӳȻûнף䡣

棡
ҶǣһЩҶҵĸ֣Ҳˡ
ǰϳԽԽѷ죬Щȫ¶ʹ֮ɫһ档
ҲҪˣҶ컺վȴһҡΣһɲϵشš
ɫʱһ䡣
Сʦܣоôа취ѹ𣿡ʮʦæ˵
Ҷҡҡͷ˵嶼ѷ죬޷޸
һȫʧȥɫʣˡ
ף
ʦ𣡡

ҶǡǣͽǣȫʹʧҶĵףʵ޷ʧȥҶһĻ
ޣһûˣ
Ҷ쿴ǣվ壬Ȼͦɢһǿơ
һ̣һɳϯòԶʮʦֶɫһ䡣
һ׶¶֮ɫ
ʱ䵹
ȻҶһʱ䷨򳹵ſ档
û˿ΣҶ쾡ͷųԼʱ䷨֮ϵԼ档
أҶѷ죬ʼʧ󳹵׻ָ¶ǿơ
ǿʱ䷨򣬱ʱ䷨ǿˡֻ¶֮ɫ
ѾҪʱ䱾ԴˣϧҪΪףлΪ𣡡ʮʦҲںȻ漴һ̾Ϣ
ʱ䷨֮ǿѹסԼ𣿿ܹãֻ𣬲ܺ޹˼ɵʹʱ䷨ɣ
û뵽ҶȻôǿʱ䷨򣬹ȻӢŰҪɹ׾磬Ҫһλˡ
ϧ̾

һλλףȫ¶źɫ
ǵ̸ԭҶʥ̵ˣɵٴ¶֮ɫ
Ҷ쿴ǣЦҪģʱ䷨ս뻹ܹ֧һԪһԪһǧ꣬ˣҿԼǡ
ȻȴûпĶ٣ΪһԪ𿴺ܳǹȥҲܿ졣
޳Ҷʥǽ׾磬ʱһչؾϰȥˣһԪ˵Ҳһѡ
ˣҶȥɣѵҶҵͽܣԼһںѽ׾磬ȻҪúףһ¡Ҷ漴Ц˵
ȻӣȻкܣǿ¶Цݡ
һ漴صɽҶһף
úǼױ뿪ˣҶʮʦҲˣҪȥϢ֪ͨʦֺʮʦ֣ôʦֺʦҲ֪
ǵȥҶʧܵϢҲĸ߲֮䴫鿪
ĸ߲㣬Ȼʧš
Ӷ̻ĸ߲㣬򰵰ЩֻϾѾǳǿˣٳһҶ죬ǾûеֵĿˡ
ǵŷƷ֪Ϣ󣬶ʱ˷ܵ˯ž
裬㿴ҶǼһûнף츳ٸΣֻҪûнףŷƷ˷ܵ˵
ŷӢ̾Ҳһ漣ˣʧˣȴܱס˭뵽Ȼʱ䷨ҪĽ׾磬ĻΪŷ۾ΰ
ߣʱ䷨ΣֻһԪѣһԪգۼǹҿܹáŷƷЦ
ҲãǺĹϵҪǻţǿ»ܵĴѹŷӢҲЩġ
ѹڸǴѹˣ㲻˵ǸʲôܣڽʧܣˣýŷƷЦ
ŷӢҡҡͷ⣬ҶȻʧˣǵЩţȴɹˣһǿҲҪóȻǳͻ
ʲôȺһոսףжʵŷǲһλ׹ȥܺɨǡŷƷߵ
峤Ѿڹע£黹ǽǰɣڸոսףǾȹΪҪŷӢ˵
ˣⲻһʱٺ٣ѵÿҶ켴ԪڱչжȹҪۿʧȻȥУŷƷЦ

Ϣ𾪡
ϢЩжĸ߲֪£ȫ˿һֻ
ʱҶһݴ½ĳţĶҶʥͽҲˣһ˻صݴ½ʼչء
˶֪ѰһȻǲΪҶԴ漣Ͼ浮ڣûһʧܵ˻ܻš
ǣҲҶ죬Ҷľ


һǧİʮ 
µļԪʼضھף֮£ϾϸԪ½Щ࣬ÿ˶ѣǰۻᣬǳ֡
һǿҲʼʼǿ֮ռݵ̡
ڸѰҷ˽ţϾǼԪڣֻҪ츳΢õ㣬˼ԪĩڶܳΪλԲл׾硣
ʱţõģԸѰҺ
Ҳģ׼¼ԪĵһսҪȵһ֮ǻڰžĳ
ݴ½ĳǣҲʼ̱չأ׼ȹ̾硣
ΪúǻҪǰħ򣬿ʼһԪһε½׽ᡣ
ʱݴ½ҶҴ壬Ҷ챾ԼĿռš
ռѾ׾磬ҳΪλףһʵǿ޿ƥУ񼴱㲻ѪӶӭսλףսǳǿ
ҶıսҲͬǳǿֻ飬ֻʱ䷨֮ǿѹƣ˵һֻѾ̤˵֮С
ռȷǿ󣬿ϧҵ걦ûͻƵƳӤľ磬Ϳסˣ
Ҷ쿴ǰĿռ̾
걦һ磬ֱ𵤡ƳӤԼյһ
磬ĿǰΪֹҶҲֻ𵤾磬ʹ񾳽ʱԪѾˡ
ǣҪﵽƳӤ磬ȴǷǳѣΪҶĹƣǹ൱𾳽ˡ
ֱ
ңҶֻʣһԪʱˣ걦ǸΡ
ҲһᣬҲܷϾֻҪһ˿ϣҶҪסҶ찵뵽
걦һϣܷѣҪ
ΪһˣǾ
ʱ䷨ֻҪҵʱ䷨㹻ǿԼѹҵƣҪ͸ʱ䷨ԴôֱԽ׾磬ΪҲ⡣Ҷ漴뵽
ֻһ·걦仹Ҫѣ浮ڣûгֹܹԽ׾ΪģǼֱ񻰣漣Ĺ͹ħ嶼ûĳš
ûе·
Ҷ۾ʼ۲ڵ
ʱȻѾͨռ򣬿ϧⲻʱԼģҲû֮ġ
û֮ģȱݣڻ顣
ҶԼǿʱ䷨ʩչʱ⵹Ӳѹһ̣ҲҲֻ֧һԪѡ
Уû֮ģҾֻؿ顣ãҶһ̾ûе·ߡ
ֻһԪڳΪ𣬻걦ĵڶ絤ƳӤܽռ
һ·̫ˣҪһԪڳΪǼǲõġ
ڶ·һ
ұӵʱ֮ĺͿռ֮ģҵıͿʼȫʱ䷨򣬽ռ֮ĽռĿռƷǳƥ䡣
Ҷ찵뵽漴ڵĿռ֮İռΪʱ䣬Ҫȫʱ䷨򣬲ܷġ
ռӵпռƣӵ˿ռ֮ģռ䷨ٶȾ͸ˡףߣ걦Ҳ͸ˡ
һһ·һˡ
Ȼϣãٻһ
ʱ䣬Ҷһ߲ʱ䷨һʮ˷ħ֣Ϊǹϴڴľѧϣܹ棬ҵһ·
ռڲռ䷨걦䣬壬һŬһ
䣡
ڴʱһǿӿȶֲϢݴ½
˭Ҷɫһ䣬͵۾һ̤ݴ½Ͽա
ʱǰվߴӰǿޱȣȻס
ңˣҶ컹ϤŷƷŷӢˡ
һˣʵǿȻλףҶ΢΢ԾͬʱɫҲ
ʲôҶȵ
ͬʱĿռ֣ݴ½ķȫסˣҲˡ
ŷƷԱߵλ΢΢ɨĴһۣɵͫһ漴̾ñ죬󷨾ȻҲܹõĳһʱ䶼ͻơ
ŷƷȴؿҶ죬ɭЦҶ죬û뵽Ҳн죬츳ٸΣûгΪףѾˣδҵĶ֡
бԿܹ㣬һԡҶ˵
ŷƷȡһǿ񽣣ȵԲѣҵҪˣʲôʵ
˵գ߶е񽣱ҵ⣬ޱȵҫ۶Ŀ
λŷ廹Ǵ󷽰Ȼһ½λ㱻ɱ𣿡Ҷ״ɵЦѹŷƷôԭλ
Ҷ죬ٷϻҰܸ㣬ҾϴˢģŷƷһֳ־񽣣㳯Ҷնɱȥ
̤׾磬Էӳλ֣սԿλףԲҶ졣
Ҷṳ̂׾磬ʵܹжǿ
䣡
񽣻Ʋ񷣬ǿնпһ޴ѷ죬ֲɱˡ
Ҷ죬ȥɣŷƷشЦԼһеǳ⡣
ͬʱؿҶ졣
ҿǵ̫ˣΪûнףͲĶ𣿡
һ͵ش
Ҷ嶸Ȼθߣ׵С١
һ̤˫ȭգޱߵ貽ʱͷſɫݺݵƳӭŷƷ졣
ûõģûнףҿʲôҶŷƷЦ߸߾񽣣ݺݵҶ졣
Ȼɫе񽣾סˣҶ̧һֻ޴ĽƣŷƷ첻ŵĿУݺݵؿڣɳȥѪ硣
ⲻܣŷƷ־ŭɵô
ķҾṳ̂׾磬ɱҲ׾٣Ҷһһƾͳ˹ֱӰŷƷԴˡ
ŷƷܿ޸ԴʱҶһȭݺݺؿڶᴩˣѪ磬ݺݵصɳȥ
ˣ
ŷӢԱߵλڿȥˣһץסŷƷ񽣣߶Ҷһ
ߣҶһѪⱩǣ¶Ѫλǰӭȥǰ
䣡
˵һⷽضھݴ½Ǳţ¾ֱӷˡ
λײεƴ嫵ɢȥԶŷӢŷƷ춼ɳȥ
˲˼ؿűѪΧסҶ죬˭Ҳû뵽ҶȻӵʵһûн׾


һǧİʮ 
е˼û뵽ûнףȻӵʵ˾̾ǧٸԪǿš
ŷλײɵһ漴һץסɳȥŷӢŷƷ죬ǻס
Ŀ⣬ȴǽŶҶ죬˵ҽŷʥŷһλλף˷ǰǹǣҶ죬۰ɣ
ǣҶһ䣬ǳһĨЦݣߵʲô۸񶼿𣿡
ŷƷʱѾ֮лָҶ֮гԹɵôȣҶ죬һʶľ͹ԹԽŷ壬ҲԪ
û뵽˻ֻһΰ֣֪㻹кվǰҶƳһۣ֮ɫ
㡭ŷƷԶʱŭģ˵
һԵŷӢסοƷ죬һ֮һʶǿ¸ԪҲ䣬ԺΪλף׷ʱ˭ǵҶ죿ֻ֪ߡ
˵ĲҵȷûҪһ֮˼ƽϣߣŷƷԶʱ¶˵ЦݣмؿҶ졣
Ϊ׷ЦˡҶߵ
ŷʥȵҶ죬ҿŷ۾ϣŲƽϣÿ˵һ۸񣬲ҪΪʱãѾǷˣΪͷˡ
Ҫ۸𣿺ðҸ㣬ֻҪŷóһҾͽ͸㡣򣬸жԶԶߣҶȵ
Բѣ

ŷƷŷӢԣŭȵ
ʲôǿõҲûжټֻѣҶȻô󣬻һȡһֱǳ룬Ƿӡ
ҲˣҶԸ⽻ֻΪˣǰˡ
ŷʥɫʱضҶ죬Ҷ죬㲻ҪҪȻŷ۾ĵӣûнףŷ۾Ҳٿˡ
òҹҶȵеѪӶʱչΪһƬѪɫ󺣣Ŷŷʥ˳ȥ
Ҷ죬ʵǳǿȻûн׾磬ҲԷӳѪӵȫսλײ١
һŷʥʱɫ䣬æסŷӢŷƷ죬Ҳٱˣеľ񽣺ݺݵ˹忪һѪɫͨ˳ȥ
Ҷ죬ŷΪҸ㣬ȻʵǵȵԪĻҿ㻹λǣңֻŷͨһλףŷһλףҿεֵ
ŷʥŭȵ
ٲǾ͸ȥɣҶЦһֱӴѪɱ˹ȥǿս캳أһѪɫ˳ϯǿգŷʥɱȥ
ŷʥɫһ䣬漴ŭȵҶ죬ԼţŷԲưոݵġ
˵գŷӢŷƷȥΪ͹Ҷʵ⿿һˣ޷Ҷ졣
ߣ
Ҷ쿴Ķӵŷʥˣɵһ漴Ѫӡ
Ҷ죬ôҳɱǣʱ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ǲŷ̽ģǿߣ϶ں棬ʱ֡
Ҷ죬ڵЩ⣬ҾչѳɹϾһԪܿͻȥӦðʱ䣬ȥһҲʲôԵ̾Ҳû뵽Ҷʧܣֱǲܷ顣
˵Ĳ׼ȥһ޵׾ʮ˷ħ֡Ҷ˵ͷ˵
һ漴Ȼʮ˷ħͻˣ
Ϊҵķ̤׾磬ʮ˷ħҲͿһЩͻƵڶֲˡҶ¶Цݡ
ʮ˷ħӵǰŲ㹦һӦ׾磬Ӧ𾳽磬߰˾ŶӦ֮硣
ʮ˷ħڶ㣬žѧǿˡ
ԣҶ׼ȥһ޵׾ѰЩħʮ˷ħ֡
ܹʮ˷ħĲ㣬Ǿ൱𾳽ľѧ֪ʲôЧҶ찵Щڴ
ãҲһĳ·Ҳ˵Ͼﵽεľѧʲô
Ǻãȥһ޵׾漴˵
Ҷҡҡͷ˵磬ʱ뱩¶ռԻҪݴ½һξԼȥһ޵׾ɣһѪǰȥʵλףҲ޾塣
ǺðɣСĵ㣬ݴ½ڣ㲻õġ˵ͷҲǿصݴ½չǱޡ
ҶıѪӣֱӶǰ޵׾
Ҷٶȣûʮ꣬Ѿ޵׾
ƾǿսҶһ·嵽޵׾ڲȻʼѰҺħټ
޵׾ڲǳֱޱ޼ʣһ档
Ҷ񼴱սλףΣȴҲֻеһСۣԵ÷ǳС
Ҷһֱ޵׾ε˰꣬ץħȻԼʮ˷ħֵڶԲ磬ǳǿԺɱһλˡ
ҪͻƵ㾳磬ҪУЩħȴ޷ֻܿԼˡ
ΪˣҶ뿪޵׾ص
ʱ׼¼ԪһսһĻŻ۶ڸزս
ЩǣҶҡͷһ̾ʱҲ˽ģϧûн׳ɹ
һ̾ϢҶصݴ½չǱޡ
ĿռǰأΪһʢҪʼˣ½׶ǰ
Ҷǰ뿴ûλսսԶһһλˡ
ң֮Щ½׾ͻǰħȥһˣҶ챾ȻûнףǿռȴΪףȫȥһѰԵ
ǳʢ󣬽λ½ȫλԲȫۼء
Ҷ컯ΪסǰμӣݾҶĺѣԵʱʹҶսǾˡ
ף
ף
һݴ½ĳŵ׷׺ҶкҶ֮ǰǽܹס
ȴ֪ǰףҶ챾ˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ߹Ľ޳Цôа֮׼ȥʲô
Ҫȥħа֮ȥأ޳˵գף֪ΪʲôÿοףоЩϤ
ⲻ⣬Ͼ޳Ҷദ̫ˣ϶ܹڿռҶһ˿Ӱӡ
ӦҲȥħɣǺǣҶЦ˵߿ռѾõ룬ҲúҪǰħμӽˡ


һǧİʮ 
ħǵʱһˣ޳ԣ΢΢һЦ
ҶǰˮĻʱѾʼˣһλλǿҲ
޴ᣬͨ󷨣ɢ˷
͸һĻؿһУʱԲμӾġ
ذŵʦһλף˿һλѾвλԲǿڲ뾺ˡ
ջǻȰа֮ҶԱ漴һؿҶôʶģҺʶô꣬ǵһ˵λѡ
һԵĽ޳Ҳ˹׵Ҳܺ档
Ҷ찵һЦʱ뱩¶߿ռɵЦսʶģϸԪھ͵ţ˵ȥսȻҲ϶µõ
Ǹ̬񾳽磬˭һսа֮ӺǺЦ
޳̾ϧṳ̂׾磬
а֮ҲĬˡ
ỹڼѾʼλˣһλλ½ףҲʼ뾺ˡ
λ˵λʲôλЩˡ
ЩոսõλǣԼλû˿̵ȻϣõһλӶս
а֮Ӻͽ޳ûв뾺ģѾӵλˣϾǵʦ𶼺
ףҶǲΪǼλа֮Цʵ
һεὫһλ֣Ҫ£ȴǺѡ
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Ҫһǿһ壬ǳֲ
ҪҶ쿴˲ףһЩף˫ల£еĻ˴ţշǳá
쿴мСһȥǶιˡ
ţղҿʯˣ⼸СһӦġ

Զһ׺һһߺȾƣһ졣
϶Ըж򣬱˴˲սѾ顣
ԣڶҪףǳѺá
һ·ϣ˸ҶǴк
ιСһȥǶ򣬼ǵȥһˣǿǶĳǳأһ׳ҶЦ
Ҷ˵ͷЦһ
ǶĳǳأҲжš
ңڶĵλͺʥĵλһǶĺġ


һǧİʮ 
Ҫʮ
ʯҶ˹Ц˵ѾλˣϾͳǰڴڼ䣬λ߻ֹħһݵ㣬Ǵ붷Ļᡣ
ڿԳˣġʱ˵
Ҷ΢΢һЦҪûʲôֻ׶죬ȷġ
λ߶֣һû֣֪߳ǺεƣһԵа֮Щź˵
ʯЦǵ츳ܺãлΪߣúŬɡ
Ҷ֮⣬˶Цҡҡͷ
˵ΪλףǼ˶ʮģǳΪ״ԲǿߣҲһġ
ߣ
ɲ츳ܽġ
Ҷʮʦ֣ܹŷ۾Ϊ״ӣ츳ܲ
񣬻״Բ硣
Τףͬ˺ܶԶ
޳ʦ񣬵ųǿ״ԲԽһսҲ״Բ˺ܶԪֱ޳ռͻơ
ʯ˵ģ״ԲҪ߾磬ֻпٳһԼĵ·
һ㣬ֻԼˡ
ԣǳѣ
ߡߡ
ܹ׾֮зô׾ܴﵽ
ϸԪ׵УҶЩ֮⣬Ҳֻн޳лΪߡ
Ϊ޳Ҷһռ
ҶһѾ˰·ֻҪƣΪֻ߱ʱ⡣
Ҷ⣬ȱʱ䣬ϾʧܣֻܻһԪˡ
Ϊߣ˵Ǿ͸Ӽˡ
ˣɣ
һʯٴδѶϢ
漴һ˸ʯ뿪˶Ҫ
һΣûгˣΪ۵Ŀ̫̫עˡ
һΣʯԴǸһ·϶ڸϢ
䣡䣡
ڴʱԶɿֲ޴죬˷ȫĳƬ
Ҷ˶𾪵ؿȥ
涼ƺˣµһУɻһľ
ʯλ߳ˣҲϽ뿪
˵գˣӿٶȡ
һǱԶԶ˦˶Ҫ
ȻͻȻڰһֻ޴ƣЯƥܣݺݵѹҶˣƬǿա
һ˲䣬Ҷ˸ܵϢѹ
ߣһ״ԲҲֹңʯһɣ˫Ŀ͵ر貵⣬һȭһ޴ĺɽħɽֻ޴÷顣

УϵѪ¡
Զѿһ϶߳һǱӰؿһʯ漴ͷҲصȥ
𣿡ʯЦһ˱ѾڶԷͷϿգȻһŲ£ƥⷽأ嫵һ¡
ħ״ԲæħԼһ֣ȴֵסʯһţ塣
ס֣
ؼʱ̣һȴ
漴һ貵ìһܼʯ˶ûˡ
ߣʯһ޾⣬ֱӻ˻֣еìȫסˡ
䣡һֻ̽ħâɣɲգҪǸ˵״Բߣȴʯһȭ䱬
Ҫǰˣ㻹ûǸʸ񣡡ʯһȻǣͬһˣɢһǿϢ
ʯʯ
Զ
λħˣʱɫ䡣
Ҳţֻһλͨߣʯһλߣɲܹġ
û˿ԥתӣҲǸ״Բˡ
ʯɱǸ״Բ֮󣬲ûм׷Ϊ۷ߣҲɱһߣǶԷԼս
һһܣѱɱ
ҲֻҶĴʦֺʦ㣬еĳǿߣܹնɱߡ
ǼɣӦòˡʯ΢΢һЦҶˣŶ·
ʱҶ˻֮С
ղŵһĻǷǳ𺳡
һ״Բĳǿߣô򵥵رɱˣλħߣŵܡ
ʯǿǸеǳ𺳡
·̣ȻûˣϾʯʵǶԷ۾εǿߣܹˡ
۾ΣҲͼѣħ͸ˣһҪطôܹʯ
οʯֶߣ۾Ҳɱ
ΪҶ½ףħǲ۾߾Ѿǲˡ

Ѫħ
һ񱩵ǿ֮УͻȻһǿӰͬһ񵶣˺Ѳ񷣬
ں󷽣ǿϢѪɫӰһɢµϢƬǿն
ŷ۾û뵽ʥ磬Сˡ
һŭ
ǰߵǸӰŷ۾
ΪƺûмֵΪһˣߣŷ۾ͷЦֱ̧Ϭĵâնʱնˡ
ѪɫӰһεϯҲ޷
Ѫħλʥ
Ȼ˿̣λʥȫ֣޷ŷ۾
Ϊŷ۾Ѿ̤ʥ磬ҹǿƥ˶޷
Ϸһͣŷ۾ЦһҪ뿪Ѫħ
ڴʱһɿµɨƬǿȫˡ
ŷ۾ɫһ䣬ɫʱ
ڲԶǿһڵӰˣ·ڰеȫڰ֮УΧĹȫˡ
Ƭڰ߶ǿա
ŷ۾壬Ҳڰ֮У޷
ʼ棡ŷ۾ҧһ
ʵѪħʥʥȫҲаߡ
ڣѪħλʼˡ
ȻˣֺαؼأһϵĻӺڰ֮дǳԶʼ
Ѫħʼǳأ˭Ҳ֪ʲôӣΪڵĵطһƬڰ磬˭Ҳ͸
Ҫңס𣿡ŷ۾Ц
һ̣һΰӰŷ۾һ̤ɣҵ棬ɢŷ۾ڵƬڰ硣
ʥ
յϢԸˡ
һʥɲѪħʼ˵
һ̣ѪħλʥΧȥɴ󣬽ʥŷ۾ȫסˡ
Ѫħʼֳޱߵĺڰٴϯ棬Ƭǿ֡
ŷ۾ʥǾȻûЯԼѪħĶʥЦ
ŷ۾ʥôѪħʼ֣Ҳɱǡ
Ȼûȶʥãһ񸫲Żâƺˡ


һǧİʮ 鷳

ĸ·Ҷһˣڵִ˶
ͬڶǿ֮УȻҲкܶ򣬵һƯĴ½
Щǿմ½ʯģÿһǿմ½һǳأǳأ˺嫵Ķ
ǳУһǳؽǣǶصΪġ
ңһλλף˵أǡʹߡݡ
ʱҶһˣǡ
ǣλʹ֮⣬˶Ƕġ
ΪʯԵʣҶǽٵʱ򣬶Ҳһλߣλʹһǰӭӡ
ʯ
ʹ߿ʯæ
ʯ΢΢ͷ漴Աλߡ
ʹæܵʯλǶ½캣캣λʯ
ʯѾսѾãڼˣҡ캣Ц
ͷ캣ǰӭˣʯһЦ
Ӧõģ캣΢΢һЦ漴ƣЦ룬λԶǿͣȥϢ֮λǰǡ
ˣʯ˵ͷ
漴һ˽ǡ
ʹѾźסҶһһסϢ
ҶǵһϢʯһߣǾͽȥˡ
Хһ뿪ˡ
Ҷ졢а֮ӡ䡢С˽飬ǹ
ʹæǣǲҪ뿪ǣϾǶûǵǲߡ
ף
Ҷ˵˵ͷ
ȻһǳأʵҲһǿմ½֪ɶٿɣǳӴ㹻ˡ
ǷΪڲⲿⲿǷڲǾסĵط
ʱҶ˱㻯ˣڷ
⶷˼ԭǰΪûжٲ𡣡а֮˵
һѧԺ˲ٷ
Сߡʦ顢ڡʡۡʥЩȼֻҲǰݴ½ࡣ
ԣв֮ͬ
Ҷ쿪˵ĶȻҲǴ֮ȡģǺǵʵͬ
һǰһˣ漴ͷҶ˵ĲĶֻȡΪ񱩵һǵʵǽе档
ѹǳ֮Ϊȷǿ󡣡а֮ҲˣʱЩ̾
СЦһζ׷󹥻ȻǸǿ󣬵Ҫ߾磬Ǿˡ
ҲˣǵǰڵٶȿķˣǺھͱȲˡ˵ͷ
ֶǵĹǳǿԺˣսҲǿȱŵ߱а֮˵
˺ܿ͹˷Ǿסڲ
ǿХһλд裬÷ǳңΧвٶڹս
һﻹвס䲻ɵҡҡͷ
а֮Ц˵ʵҲҸдһ£ⲻ˵Ŀ𣿡
λѣȻˣҲдһɡȺУһЦ˵
һλ򿪿˵ǷģҲ۸ǣǳսģֻԪڵףԲԪϵס
дѣֲʵսҲ޷ֻҪǳλףа֮Ӷšа֮Ҳ壬ֱ˳Ц
ˬ
ͳƢҲҪһơ

׶ʱЦ
Ⱦ֮ǰһսɡһλףһ̤а֮Ӷ档
룡а֮ӵȵ
ûзϻ˺ܿͽˣչȫúܼҡ
ΧȺڹս۷׷ס
½׶Ȼսףʹﵽλ׺ڣ츳ǿ¡
ϻ˼ܹǶ򣬿϶еţʵǺ
ϸԪ½׵УҲһЩλ׺ڵǿߣǶǡ

һڶ۷׷ס
̾а֮ӻȻХ
а֮ҪӮˣС˵
ȻƬ̺а֮ȡʤλλ׺ǿߡ
ХҲȡʤһؿҶ죬Ȼ˵Ҳ
һҶ졢а֮ӵ˶ʱɫһ䡣
ΪХĻΧһڶ飬ȫɫŭصХ
һХһۡ
ҲʲôطСߵ
ҶüͷǶ˼ҵĵϣôţⲻ鷳
ʯڶҲŰ衣
ٱȲҲһλʥεǿߣʥ磬ʲôʸţ
ХǸ鷳ˡ
ߣ
Ⱥ֮Уһλ˳˵Ƕĵϣţ㵨ӻǲС
ХߵλףôҪԴСǻ˵ţҿǲǰɡ

󵨣
һڶ׶ʱŭȵ
Ҷ˳ȭλŭĺ
ߣôԴǶɸʲ𡣡һߵ
Ҷ֪Լһȣæ˵Ҷ죬ȸλǸˣХȻףһĸ߲㣬޷Ĺ۵㲢ǵĹ۵㣬λҪԶơ
Сӻλ׿ҶǸɫʱ˺ܶ࣬ͷ
СӣϣǲһƽϣõǸһָХ˵
ХߵûƾʲôҵǸѵǶ䲻𣿡
˵գХֿҶ죬Цʲô޷ܴ˵׾綼ṳ̂룬츳ٸߣҲһλԲѣʲôʸǰָֻš
ʲô
λԲһλԲҲǶ
ôܣСӵϢײôֻһλ񡣡

һڶǿԣʱ
С˳ХŭȵХͷŸɾ㣬ʦûгΪףҲһֻѹ㡣
ߣһֻѹңҿɲŷƷǸб¹ԣſ˵󻰡Х
Ը㻹õʦҾˡСȵ
ˣҶһĿ⿴Х漴ֿСҪˣ˼ҵĵﷴֻȡ衣
ǣʦ𣡡Сص˵ͷ漴˺
ХȴһЦҶ죬Ȼͽܶ˵ˣдһ°ɣλԲǷܹһֻѹң
ˣǾλѵǸ𣿡ҶХ


һǧİʮ 
𣿡
ҶʣХɵŭЦãҪܹһֻѹңҾ͵ڸǵǸ
ְɣ˵ûᣡҶ˵
ΧһڶһȤؿ֡
СֻλԲ𣿡ɻؿųеҶ˵
ϢǿλԲһҡͷ
λҶһͻȻͫһɫˣǳʧܣȴʱ䷨סһ
ʲô
ʧܻܻ
ʱ䷨ô
찡

һڶԣʱ𺳣𣬾ŵؿųеҶ졣
ʧܻܻֱ漣˵ˣߴҲûгֹ
Ҫôǿʱ䷨
һҲôǿʱ䷨ֻһЩ״ԲܴﵽҪ񾳽ֱܡ
ߣ
ΧľХһ˿ʣ漴츳ٸΣṳ̂׾磬Ԫ֮ҲһѷϹ⡣ģʱһȥС
׼һֱϻȥ𣿡Ҷ˵
Х߳ŭһҶ
ȻҶ죬ȴûСҶ죬һֱȫߴͷųҵ⣬һҶ죬Ǻպơ
Ҫһֻѹңߣһֻѹ㣬㵽ʱкλ˵ХЦ
Ǿ޴գ񷣬ЯһɰƣͬһҶѹ
Ȼһֻƣ·Ѹ𣬽ֱֻӷ飬ҷѹ˻ȥ
ܣХɴ۾ţæȫֻѹľơ
ϧƥ飬ݺݵؽѹˡ
䣡
һɿֲĲƣ˷ϯԶս˶һ
𾪵ؿУԭŵХ˿̱һֻɫѹڵϣɫǺ죬á
ǸҶؿſڵ϶õХȵ
ХҧԹصҶ죬ԽˣѹϵĽɫƱԽһ֣ѹ㴭ˡ
ôԸķ䣬ХôҲһλףѵ϶Ҫ𣿡а֮䳰ȷ
˵ôԸķ䣬쾭壬ѵ뷴һὫ´˶ĳСߵ
ǸٸҲȵ
Хζըˣݺݵصа֮һۣ漴ԹؿҶ죬ŭҶ죬Ҽţˣ䣬ʱһὫһаٱ
й֮ХһڶǸȻͻ뿪ˡ
Ҷ쿴һۣٴζһڶ鹰ֵλ˼ˣͶֵԪ϶ԿħѪħе飬ŲΪһС¶ᡣ
ǺǣҶֵ˵Ĳ飬ΪһС¶޻ڡߣѵʶҶֵţҪһ꣬λһλҸϰɡλ׹Ц
һڶڿҶʱҲѺõЦݡ
ǿʵ˾η
õƷУܹ𾴡
Ҷһ֣ȷʵЩ飬ǺܿǰĲ죬ҶһȥȾơ
ʱ䣬ҴҶ
캣ٴǣʯҶһ뵽ǡ
ͬʥһһжΨһһλʥκ˲
ǷǳӴǸһȣǾϺ̫Ĳࡣ
ڽǵʱҶܵһɺ嫵ϢԼһɨ
ϤУ񵱳ʥһ
Ȼλע⵽ǡ
λ룡캣Цݵǰ·
ʯܣЦ˵û뵽ǾȻκ˽˶С
Ҫ֪ʥǣֻסһЩŵõϿɣҲֻܴһʱѡ
ǰǣȴǸε鶼У˶С
ңҽȻûа
캣Ц˵˵ˣǣҲӷģͬһԴֺαظأ
Ǽֱһ嫣ʯĳʯɫһ⡣
캣̾ˣǶ𣿿ϧȺ󱲣ȴѳֵڶ𣬲һʥֳһŮ𣬻ŷ۾۾ߵǿߡ
ǺǣʯһЦʥκ͵۾ΣѪħҪǿ
һǰУԶһΰĹǶ
캣ǰɫʱתͷʯ˵λ롣
ʯ˵ͷ漴תͷҶˣǶѯʣȶ˵ţҲҪͷĹˣ֪𣿡
˵գصؿХһۣ񣬲Х
ҶæͷǷǳֻʯǴʥģҪǳһǶᱻЦġ
캣룡
ϣʯ캣˲磬һ붷
ҶСظں棬Ŀƽӣɫࡣ
ǳ޴󣬷ǳŽȥһ߲ʵ̺ǳתǳλá
߲ʵ̺ԣһλλϢɲǿߣÿһǳмʯҪǿ
ȻЩ˶ԼϢɢĹâȴ˲Ϣ
ǵǽʱһĿֱӾХ䡢а֮˹ȥʯţȻ۾ȴͦΣûе¡
С죬·ʪˣȴţһ˿ǡ
ҶһЩҲеѹܴ޷ֻʯűƽ
ף
е˼
Ȥ

Χʱһȵ
ʯЩȵؿСһۣҶֵܹסܹ⣬ϾҶѾ˺ܶ漣ˡ
СͬһƽһҲǽ׺󣬲𽥳ģȻа֮ӡХҪʣֱ˼顣
ڿɲǾµʱʯܲа֮ӵˣֻܻǣǳԼĶһ˵ʯĳ𣡡
ʯԶˡһ׷ͷܴ飬ֻһ˫ӣޱȣͬԨ
˻֣һϢ·֮еа֮ӡХ˶ʱ
ͬʱҶСҲеܵѹʧָƽ˿
а֮ˣҲ֮ǰһĻɵһҸضȥ
ǺЦˣǵľ̫󣬵츳Ҳ̤ǵľ硣
ʯһԺȵл𣡡
л𣡡а֮ӵæ


һǧİʮ ֮
Уʯ֮䣬˵һЩ滰һЩغѺõĻûʲôӪ
󣬶ʹʯҶˣЦ˵СޣϸԪװɣŶˣȤСޣṳ̂׾磬츳ᶼʰ
ʯ˵ǵȷϸԪĳţг׾ʧܵҶ죬ŷ۾Сͽܡ
ԭŷСͽܣѹ츳˳Ⱥϧ̾Ҷ죬΢΢̾
Ҷǿ츳һ۾ͿˣͬʱҲ֪Ҷ໹ܼһԪʱ䷨ٽһⲻܡ
£ûټעҶ죬ǽĿŵСϣ¶һ˿֮̾ɫӵĻʵ֮·ȻѾߵһ϶ضΪߣٲʯ
۹ʯĳ㶼ˡʯҲ̾СҶĵӣƽû뵽Ȼѻʵߵ־磬ȵﵽ״Բ磬Ժ󿪱ٻʵ׾١ңʵһַǳǿĵ۾ļʱҶߡ
а֮ӵԣɵһȻؿԱߵС
Хиǳ˼ʡ
ʯҲͰˣǺεǿʥһεĳǿߣվ۷ĳڡ
˵СԳΪߣǾһԡ
뵽а֮Ӻ仹ãֻĽ𾪰ˣХͳ˼ʺͷŭˣһҶѹҲͰˣȻҶͽҲµǱ
СҶͽܣ
ʯĻɵòؿһҶ죬ʵȲѡ
Ҷ츳ͰˣȻյͽҲôҲ̫˰ɣ
˵ҶʧܻܻⱾһŵĴ档
ǰϣЩܹ붷֮ءʯ˵û˵꣬ͱˡ
˰֣˵Զ˲·Ҳˣ͵ΪֹɣȥϢɡ캣ʯȥͷдɵ
ǣ
캣˳ʯЦ˵ʯ룡
ʯüջǵ˵ͷŶ΢΢˹漴Ҷȥ
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һλߵҲ̫ˣȻȥǶ֮أǿȥĵط𣿡
˵Ĳ֮ǶķԴأǶ˼ҵĳ֮أ˷һλȵ
ǶϾǺˣܾ˫涼ÿ˳ɵ
ߣѵǶҪûǣǻ𣿡ߵ
СѣŸս׾磬ǼСһȥˣҲʲô顣
ҿĿĲϾ֮ش˵ǵĿĿ¾
˵ȷģԪжٸСȥˣλµҲȥ٣ǿ𣿡
ô˵ﶼǶ˼ҵĳ֮أԲ˷

֮У֡
üͷһ壬ȵ죡
Ļᣬǻһ֮жʱ
ˣ˶
𵭵˵°ɣһ˼ġ
ǣ˹ͷ漴һƾʧˡ
ڣʱֻʣ¶һˣž

һԺ
캣ʯ͵˵أ뿪ˡ
Ҷʵʯղǽ붷֮أ֪Ƕ֮ʲôطôǰû˵
ڴ£а֮ӵҲǳ˺棬ɵô˹ʯ
ʯЦ˵֪𣿡
ҡͷΪ֮⣬򶼵̫ˣ˭֪ʲô
ʯ˵ںܾ֮ǰ֮һλǿߣ棬һλ˶򡣡
ôܣ
ҶԾ˵򱳺λ𣬺ǱΪսɣ
а֮ӵҲ˵ͷѯϢ
Ǻǣ򱳺ȷս𣬵Ƕȴģˡ
ʯЦ˵ͺ֪Ǳȴѵ𣿡
Ҷ˶
屾ڵһ壬߲ʧܣŴһ뿪򣬿
õϿɣܵӣųΪߴ
ʯ⶷أҶ첻ɵüʵ
ʯҡͷʱ̫Զˣ˭֪أ˵ˣͳڶ֮أǲģҾͲ֪ˣֻж
ʯ⶷֮ʲôҸղſһЩǿɫͱˣ𶼸뿪ˡа֮
ʯԳ⶷֮Ƕ½ϴĵطһǲΰݶ棬ҲһЩҪǣһ

˶ʱ
ʯ˵ͷ˵ˣ档
԰ôԪȥˣѵǿûеõ𶼵ò𣿡ҶЩɻ
֮غ⣬ֻиոս׿ԽȥһЩµҲԽ룬֮⣬𣬶޷ȥʯЦ
ҲȥЩ𾪣ҲЩɡ
ʯЦ˵ߴȥϧһȥ֮ؾҪֻشɱκһЩֻˣϾ𣬸ûҪΪһȥƴɾһ
λ漴УǺһҶ첻
ʯôԪȥѵûһ˵õǼ𣿡а֮Ӳɵú
ʯЦΪôױշ˵һǰҲ޷շ
Ȼ仹漣ֵģûоԵĲܣҶ졣
ʯҶ죬˵˶֪ʧܻҶȴţ˵֮УһнпܣһжһҲշǼĻᡣ
ֵط²ǽȥɡХ˵г˿ҪõǼȥҪҲ˵õôõһЩλǿ϶ˡ
һʵͻеҶ
ߣȥˣ㻹ܵõÿԵշļʸֻ֮һа֮ߵ
ʯ˵ͷ˵а֮˵ĲǱˣǽȥҲϣǿԶɳһ£Ҳ㲻һˡǷܹȥһͶ̸ģʱ͵ȴɡ
˵˵ͷбһ˿ڴ


һǧİʮ Ӱ۾
£ת۶š
һ˸տʼҶǻǹ֮⣬֮ģ㿪ʼǱޱչ
Ҷڲʱ䷨ϣܹһٵаʱ䷨ԽǿӳʱԽ
ʱ䷨һ򣬾ǶԿ飬ôױ
ҶȻ츳ˣӵʱ֮ģǵľ磬Ҫٽһ졣
ֻжһΣҲлᣡҶ찵뵽

캣ˣǶҪټʯֻǵټʯһˡ
ʯҶ˵ܷ붷֮أͿһˣ˼ټң»ᲢҲжڴˡ
ʯˣһˣѾˡҶ΢΢Ц
һԵХߵһ֮˵Ȼڴ붷֮أǲһ
˵һ飿СŭĿӡ
ʯȵұ죬Ҳʲôطڱ˵ĵ̣֪ŽᣬȻﷴˡ
СХʱͷ
ʯɨһۣ漴תȥ
ҶƳХһۣչء
а֮ӡ䡢СҲȥչˡ
ߣȵԪĩڣҿ㻹ŶãХҶıӰЦ
Ҷ켴ǿҲֻܻԪ


ʯڶ
һΣûҶˣҲûжЩǿߣֻжʯˡ
캣ʯ֮󣬾뿪ˡ
ʯ΢΢Цʯɺã
ɹдʯĳǳáʯ˹漴ɫϴʯĳ֮أȷЩ³çˡʯĳϣܹСһλᣬǶǳţضĴ˶飬Ĺϵ͸ˣϣ濼¡

ǺЦǸС⣬Ϊ״Բѣҵ飬ǿɻ𡣡
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ȻԸ⣬ΪλҪټʯĳʯɫʱ
ɫ֮һߵǲ׼ټǵģǴһ꣬ǻ򡣵ǣǰһ߱ƽɱˣ飬Ǹν
ʲô
ⲻܣƽôô
ʯԣʱ
Ц˳һϢƽѾ̤۾磬ĻնɱǶλߡ
ˣҲôʥʯƽܹ۾ûжپȣΪ͵õϢ
ʥߣǵʥŮ𣬻ŷ۾ӦŷʥѪħѪħʼ棬ԼλѪħʥڶءߵ
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ҾõģˣټƽɱǶһߣĽ˾ҪΪֹˣΪжˡ˵
ʯͬκһ㣬۷ߵ̬˿̶Щ޷ˡ
ΪӶõϢ̫ˡ
ϢҪȷһ¡ãʯ˵
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ʥŷʥŮڣҲӡʯɫһ䡣
ԴŮأЦ
ʯʱ۾һɣؿ𣺡붷֣ûб򡣡
ΪˣҲתϢѪħҲȥϾǶֻһʥҲֻһȲ򡣡ҡͷܾ
ʯʱˣ˵ȴϡ
𵭵˵Ե֣µΪֹˣҶԹɱǶߣҲǣھʰɡ˳һ£ȥʱСĵ㡣
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𵭵˵ҲʧȥѣϧҪˡ
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Զѡڴʱһ
ɫһ䣬漴˼ضʯıƽޱȣȴһɫӰ
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ߣǹӰ۾ˣѾ̤۾ˡ
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ҶĴʦ֣ӰӦǹӰ۾
Ӱ۾һӰ壬ڵĵطֻаӰǳģ
ҸղѾ˵ˣԶѣԴѣ֣ܳӰ۾˵
ЦѾɱǶһλˡ
ƽҵ۾֣ӶɵģΪһ̸Ӱ۾ߵ
ʯһ߲˵ˣӰ۾ݱ߶ˣʥŷʥԾκ飬㹻ˡ
ͬʱ𿴵Ӱ۾Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ãȷֵܹͷϣӶ練Ŀ˭ܾδ»ҪȵѪħһսֳʤСʱ򣬲ǾѻǵжԹϵʱ򡣡漴˵
Ӱ۾˵ͷ˵ڴ֮ǰϣܹҵСʦܽ붷֮һˡ
ͫһŹӰ۾ѹڴˣԭһֱڰбСʦܣŷʥСͽܺܿذʧˣûз
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ҡͷЦϧʧܣעֻܻһԪˡ
ҶԪȥҶ𣿡Ӱ۾̧ͷŶ˵
ɫߵҶģߣʲôģ

Ӱ۾ƣһʱ֣ɢ⣬ޱȣ
һΧĿռʱ䶼ˣµϢڲ

𾪺𾪵ؿӰ۾ŷʥȻ㣬ѹ̤ҵǡ
Ӱ۾̤۾磬ǣҲɱ
ǹӰ۾ĵ
Ҳʵ


һǧİʮ ڰ

âɣϢѹһԵʯֻܺ˿
Ӱ۾Գ֣ɫĮ
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Цһ£˻֣ҲŷʥҶĲ𡣡
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Ӱ۾ͷ˵ãǶϣҾС޽붷֮һΡ
ҿԴ붷ԶѹϵֻҪҹӰ۾һ죬ֻҪСʦһ죬ŵԶڡӰ۾ɫ˵
Ǻǣ㻹ǶǸСʦܿأҲգҾ͵һԪСǷĿɵȻЦ
ǣ
Ӱ۾ԣӻɢ
ͬʱӰ۾ʯУӶ֮س֮󣬻СʦȥĸСӣǼڶ򡣡
Ӱ۾׷ʲô飿ʯæ׷ʵ
ŮҪͳ򣡡Ӱ۾
ʯɫ䣬һɺ
ʱǰĶ˵ʯȥɣȰҾͿ֮أС޽ȥ
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۷ߣǰҲֻܵȴͽܣ޷ıʲô
Ϊûʸ
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ԼԼʯ֪ڰʱҪˡ

Ժ䡣
ʯϢҶˣҶˣԸ˲ѡ
ҶҲʯɫЩԾɵʵʯô
ʯ̧ͷҶһҡͷû£Ǻú׼һ£ǰ֮أϣܹջ񡣡
ŶҶüʯЩԾûжʣȥչˡ
ʯҶıӰи̾ŷʥ͹Ӱ۾ôأϣϣܹɵʱһǿߣͶһϣ
ûмŸҶǸϢΪ̫ˣӰ쵽Ҷ
²⣬Ӱ۾Ҷȥ򣬿¾Ϊ˲ӰҶ
һԪҶ˵ҪһԪ
ܷɵͿһԪˡ
ʯкڴһҶĿٳռôͻΪʷΪǿߣԺ͵۾ȼ磬Ǳޣδ֧

ʱ䣬ҴҶ
Ҷˣһٶ½ףһߣǰ֮ء
С
ҶǺЩ½һ
쿴⼸һ򣬾ȻҪһǰ֮أֱ˼顣
˵Ƕ׼ģҲ֪򸶳ʲôۡ
ߣǵĶ֮أȻ̤㣬˲ˬ
ˣҲСӶѣ˵һǳ׾ʧܵķˣõġ
ʧܣܻҲ漣ˡ

һڶ½۷׷ס
ҶĿ˼
ڴʱһǰ
ּˡһҶ
Ҷ첻ɵ۾ʱһЩϤӰһ꣬ģЩϤҶһʱȴǲ
ҿϰڱǣңѵ𣿡ϿҶ죬˷ܡ
Աߵа֮ӡСû뵽Ҷôڶˡ
ҶԣȴǻȻǰ֮˭ˡ
ڱǣħսһħ׷ɱһţ붷ѹϵ־˴ˣǰϡ
û뵽ϾȻΪס
ҲϾܹ뱦ǵģһһţϵ츳а֮١
Ҷ쵱Ц˵ԭǿϰһ𣬶ٶˡ
ǰٶ꣬һΪҲˣû뵽Ƕ˾㣬ϧ粻֪Ȼȥˡϸ̾漴һ¡
ΧһЩ½ԣʱҶĿѺöˣҲ˵꿭ܹڱǻǱһžˣû뵽ǰҶ졣
ǰ֮صλߣʱ۾Ҷ죬ͷҶ죬лˣ㵱ڱǳȣǶʧȥһˡ
ѣӦõġҶ첻ҵæ˵
λ΢Цŵͷ漴Ŀ
ϴʱҶ죬Щŵ˵츳ôǿսҲ˵ˣô޷ף
ҶˣҶˡҶ˰֣ЦҲû뵽ֻ˵á
ܹţ漣ϻûиĿڣҶǳأΪûҶ쵱ȣûĳɾֶ̫ͣˣȴѾûлᱨҶˡ
ҶҲöܣ⿭ôƺˣ˵Цؽ̸
Ϊ˿ϵĹϵЩ½ףҶѺöˣвٹԺҶ죬˴˵Ĺϵʱ˺ܶࡣ
а֮ӵˣҲմ˲ٹ⡣
֮У֮ǰա
ҪΪϵ츳̫ǿˣ֮һ½׵ǿһһ½׵ԲôӰ
Ѻõ֮У۴ǧ꣬ڵִ˶֮ء
ۣǰĶ֮أҶ˲ɵ档
Ϊ֮غƽֻһͨͨ򣬶ȲϱǾ޴󣬺ݴ½С
ΨһĲ֮ͬģʱͿռ֮Уʲôӡ
Ҷ˱ã⶷֮شž൱޵׾صطɣû뵽Ȼֻһʵ̫˾ˡ
ǲǺܾȣ
ϿҶı飬ɵЦ˵˭һο֮ضܾȣʵһͨ򣬴˵Ƕǣϵķˣڶ˼ҵָ£ʼ̤֮·Ȼ߳ǣγĶ򡣡
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кܺ棬һܹͨʲôܣ
ңôСһһף˲俴͸ѵܷǼ
УвΪ֪ܡ
Ȼλǰߣ˿̶Ҷ˵ˣ¶Ὺ֮ĴǽСǣǵһ˼׼Ϊһ̤붷֮أǵһΪͻʧ±ɷˡ
ʲô
ɷˣ
Ҷԣʱɫһ䡣
ҪǱ˷ˣôѰһҪ棬Ǳˡ
ôҶҲףǷǳ򶨣ߡ
ģһڶ֮أͻᱻͳΣյġλ߼˵ȻϣܹǻõĺôһС硣
漴Ҷ죬ҶʧܣδܹΪֻܱλԲ


һǧİʮ 
񣿴ӷ˿ʼһ𣿡а֮ʵ
Цŵͷ˵Ӧúܼ򵥣ϾǱ˷ˣҲǷ˵츳õһǧ֮ڣض񡣡
Ӧòô򵥰ɣа֮ҡҡͷ
ǺǣȥǾ֪ˡλ߲ٶԡ
Ҷ쿴а֮ӣЦ˵߰ɣԴǳ֮Ѿܾû˵ζˣҲΨһһλˡ
⵹Ҳǣа֮Цŵͷ
һԵ̾ĽǣǴӷģҸĸһ飬Ͳ֪˵ζ֪޸֮ʲôо

˴Ц
һٶˣ漴һǰ֮طȥ
ңԶ֮УվڶѾ򿪶֮ķ󷨡
Ķ֮ûз󷨵ģЩ󷨣ǶвöɣΪıǲ͵ɽ붷֮صĻᡣ
󷨴򿪣֮Ȼû¶ɴҶ˽еʱ򣬶ʱһ߲ʹâһʧǿС

գ׵ƶ䡣
һƬǳɾ磬ûܵκεȾһжôȻ
ԶٲԱߣȻһӰҶ졣
ǿĹԣҶڵأˤ˸ʺ
Ǳ˷ˣڵңȵΪ֮ǰҪòҶ쿴ΧĻʱͫһš
ǡ
ҶдŨҵ𾪡
ΧĻ̫ϤˣⱲӣ¶ɹԪҲط
ҶҴĺɽСʱϲٲԱߣҲڲԶõƤӶ̤ߵĵ·
Ƕ֮𣿡Ҷ漴ϾȻڱ˷ˣǼ仹ڣԻڡ
ϤٲȥҶ˼Ҳһжǻ󣬱ϾҲʧȥΪ
£ҶѰżе·ߣҶҴȥ
˰죬ҶҶҴ⡣
Ƿ˵ζ𣿡Ҷ첻ͷϵĺˮĴЩ˫ȣɵһЦ
۵ζѾܾûиܵˡ
ʵ֮УһŲƣǿա
ڣʮ·ѣȻ۳
ʱҶܺҶҴɵóҶҴȥ
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ҶǷˣȻ׳֣ȴ޷ֻؿԼļ򱻶Էһס
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׳æ֣Ǹ˵˼ҲɽļϸԲųһԣû뵽㾹ȻһΪûУѵû𣿡
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Ҷ΢΢Ц˵ҽҶ졣
Ҷ죬ɣҴȥ峤峤˺ܺãһԸġЦ˵漴ǰ·
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ҶʨүүӣҶҡͷЦ·ϤͨҶʨ峤·
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Զļҡ
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죡
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죬Ҫȥɽٲ𣿡
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СҲǱˣѾǵڰ˴۶ʧˡһ̾漴ǰ·
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죡
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磬ʵ磬ǰ硣
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û𣿡峤ĻʱлɾʧһûķˣɽļϸҲܶǴκεв
£峤ҶЦ˵ҶǰɣͰǴסҶģǺԵסǼˣҪúչ
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㻹ûɣɲУڴɽҪǲᱻ޸ˡɣ쿪ʼǴĹ㳡ʹһ峤漴˵
Ҷ˵ͷ׼ģȻǶ磬ҲֻҪˣʱָܻΪЩֻǴҪġ
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
Ҷ˵Ҷ죬ҲǷֵȼģֱΪߡʦ顢ڡʡۡʥÿȼֱΪʮǣҾǶߡ
Ǵ峤ʵߣҲһλһǶʦԺĵȼǲǶνΪ̫ˡ
˵
Ҷ˵ͷʵЩ֪Ϊ֮ǰڶѾ˵磬֪õĶС
ҪΪߣһҪ۶ģ۶ģ쵽˹㳡峤˵ġ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ͷ˯ⷲ˵˯ѾǺܾˣǻ
ھϥһߣ


һǧİʮһ 
ҴĹ㳡ϡ
һ磬ҴĴǱ㶼峤ڸ˽ľ顣
Ҷ;ʱ㳡ѾкܶҴĴˡ
Ҷ쿴ҲУϥ
Աвٴ񶼶Ծָָ㡣
˴۶ʧˣȻġ
ҵ˵ˣòãõ˲Ҫ죬˵үܷŹ𣿡
ٶȺܿ죬ԭΪţû뵽һϲġ

˵ĳЦͼ⣬Ȼڿš
Ҷϣ·𿴵ԼӰʧܣ
Ҷ죬ãҸ㽲һô峤Ҷ쵽ɵЦ˵
ԱߵĴǶЩ棬ɵÿҶ죬ϾǴӺİ
˵һɽ·ˣôˣû¾˶ģҲжٳɾ͵ġ
ǵڶɡ

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Ҷ뵽
˵Ǿ׾ˡ
ȻʧȥһΪ˷ˣļ仹ڣԻڣ츳ڡ
һΧسҶϥĵطӿ
ֲֿ˹㳡ˣΪǴûмȻӿŨҵĶǸеľ
峤СǰĲ𣿡д񲻸ŵصɴ۾
峤ʱҲĿɿڴ˵̽ǰȷûһ˿һ
ҼţҲȲҲ֮ɫ
оҴĴ񣬶Ҷ쿴
춼ȵ۾Ҷ죬һ˿Ľ֮ɫ
峤ͷȵʲôôõĻᣬǸϿ϶ܹΪ
˵գҲϥ£ʼ
һڴʱȻôŨҲܹմ⣬Ϊ
£һڴȫϥ
ڴڼ䣬ȻϵӿҶ죬ա
أҶĵ֮䣬һããĹš
ǶİɣҶ΢΢һЦղĹ߶ʱֵõĹ˲ôõЧ
Ȼ˾õôõĹҲ޷
ΪȼԽߣԽѲ
һУҶ˵ȴ׾١
ҶеĶԼıԽԽǿ
ʱţҶΪԽԽǿ󣬴һǶ̤ǶߣȻ
ȵʱҶѾһǶʦ磬ҴĴ峤Ϊͬ
ͬʱΪմĹ⣬ҴĴ񣬳˴峤;⣬˶һΪ
˵İʱ򣬾峤ҲһΪﵽ˶Ƕʦ硣
ʱҶΪѾͻƵ˶龳磬ԶԶԽ˴峤
£Ҷ۾ټ
ֹͣΧӿҲʼˣ𽥱ϡָԭ
һҴĴ񣬶ʱҲ֮ÿ˵϶ϲɫǿҶĿ⣬˸м
Ҷ죬лˣû㣬ǾҴҲûĻ峤мضҶ˵
ҶҡҡͷЦ˵ûд峤Ҳӵڵʵ
˵ʵҶ죬ڴﵽʲô磬ΪʲôҲ͸峤ȻҶ죬Щ𾪵ʵ
ҶЦ˵ոͻƵ龳硣
һ㳡ʱѻȸ
ˣ峤ƿһҶ죬Ŵ֪ͣ˵ʲô
һһԾϣﵽ龳磬飬û˵ֱ񻰡
ֱˣã˵
ҶЦЦȷˣԶԶǿ
̫˼ˣ峤ҡͷ漴Цһȣһ¶ȥˡ
Ҷ΢Ц漴㳡Ψһϥŵľ졣
ʱҲ۾ȴû˿ϲɫֻһįͲġ
峤̾СʧˣѾھŴ۶ʧˡ
ԾΪʮο϶ɹġҶЦ˵Ѿܹյʲôˣ첻ԺγΪ
һУһֻ̣ȾԾһԾ

ҶھҴסÿ㳡
ʱӵҴĴǶմ˹⣬Ϊĺܿ졣
ȻĻҶ졣
һ£Ҷ̤˶磬˵ƬɽΧļУһǿˡ
⣬ֻҪһµʱ䣬ҪǴ˳ȥԻڡ
Ҳһ죬ҶӦɽﴫʮǿҵһɶӽˡ
йѵҶ۾Ŀ⿴˴ɽһ̣̤ն𣬳Ǹȥ
ﵽ磬ҶͿԷˡ
ѰǹϢҶܿһϤĵطǺɽٲ
һս
мʮǿߣΧһͷߣͷȫâɣͷǳһֻǣȻ˽Ĺؼʱ
ϧڽʱΪ
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ͷ߷ǳ׺ݣе֮ʱȻѡԱڵĿһٺɱΧĶǣ֮ͬھ
һŻɫսһС
Ҷ쿴ӣɵ¶֮ɫΪǾ졣
쿴е飬˷ܵش飬飬Դ涷ģһҲһܹӿٶȣڿˡ
Ҷԣɵ뵽ԼõƤһĻʹʱľ죬˵ơ
ҵǰ
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Ŵ۶ʧܵľ죬ڳɹ˶ģֻһ£̤һǶʦ磬ΪҴڴ峤Ҷǿߡ
ﵽʦ֮󣬾ڵһҶס
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Ͼǿߣ𾴡
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Ϊ£Ҷɫӵؿǰľ죬ǰǱͬһˣȴһĻ˵ĹŹ֡
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һºһ걳Ű뿪˾Ҵ塣
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һǧİʮ ֮
߿УҶ챳˫֣ǰ·ԶȥıӰ
𣿡Ҷ쿴ǰľ죬૵
ûͣҶ쿪ʼھ󣬿žһɳ
ͬҶһ쿪ʼӸĳǳȻһ߳ȥ
ʮʱ䣬̤˶磬Ϊһߡ
Ҵ壬ҲĽŲһ۷塣
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ʱҶѾøžˣӴʶɨȥܰѸļٸڣؿһС
ͬһһһҲһһΣգʵҲԽԽǿ
Ҷֳһž죬ĳɳ
Ҷıʼ磬İϤ磬ʼѰܡ
ĸֺݴ½һͬо칬ͬԺΨ˲ͬ
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ľ칬ҲûˣҶͬܵһǿϢǳԽ˶ʥ۷Ĵڣһλ
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γ񣡡Ҷ֮УŲԶľ졣
ȻҶֻһλ񣬵ֶ̫ͨˣһλ񣬶֮һս
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˵仰ΧʱͬƬһ㣬һƬƬѿΪҽ
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԰һͤţΧ߲ʻ䡣
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㲻ҪʣԺ׵ģΪ˿·ԸϣܹɹȻҾͰˡЩԳ̾
Ȼ㲻˵Ҳǿ⶷֮ӦþеһɡҶ˵ͷ漴˵
ҾǼ֮ģ΢΢һЦ漴˶ɢҵ߲ʹâȻɢ¶һԴС߲Բ
֮ݴ½ݴ½ͻһۡҵһ˿ҲɢˡһҪɹԽԽʧ
Ҷƣǰ߲ԲʱƯ漴·֮С


һǧİʮ Ϣ
˳صõһҶȴû˿ģĳеڤڤ֮йѹ
ȻžлȴҲܹܵڤڤ֮еΣ
ΣҪĻǿٳռΪߡĻҾֻʣһԪˣõŵδ𣿡
ãҶ¶һĨԳЦݡ
һ԰漴̤ն뿪˶֮ء
磬Ѿв˳ˣһĴͷɥǶûг񣬻߱ɱˡ
λ߿ҶôˣɵþȵҶ죬Ҳʧ𣿡
ȻҶûн׾磬ҶʵȴǷǳӦòôͳŶԡ
ҲҲʺɣҶ쵭һЦȻ˵ԼѾõȻ𲻿
֮ûʲô󣬲ȻҶ컹治֪νϾǶ򣬾ʯǵǿ߶Сſ
ҶĻλ΢΢һЦٶԡ
ҶʧܣԪ֮Ҳ·һûʲôύļֵ
Ҷ쿴а֮ӺСǻûгУʱ䷨
һǧ֮СһΪһȼ̤λ۷徳磬λ׶Զˡ
ǧ֮а֮ӺХ̳Ҳ̤λ۷徳磬ջûС
ǧ֮ųˣ̤λڣ˷ܡ
󣬽ʣĶ½ǣҲ߳ɹʧܣһ
ٴνۣλߵĴ£صǡ
ʯԶڵţһҶȲŵҶ죬ջΣ
ΪӰ۾ĹϵʯڶҶǳأ֪ҶѿٳһΪߣǱһ˿ϣ
еջ񡣡Ҷ΢΢Цûж˵
ʯ״Ҳûж룬ֻҪջǾûаһˡ
ٿСа֮ӵˣʯʱ¶ЦݣǿСҪλˣ־ϲ
һӣһҪúʯ뵽
СעҪΪߵģδʵֻǿȻҪص
ʯѾˣǵʹչ˺Сصע
Ȼа֮ӺХ츳ҲлΪ״ԲҲҪ
Բ㣬ܹλ׾Ͳˡ
һУʯҶ죬Ȼǰ
а֮ǣչ

뿪˶
ʯҶ죬ٶѯʵҶ죬ʵûеõǼģʦһڣõҲཻʦʦֱܣǴﵽǸ磬Ȼġ
Ҷʵ츳ʯǷǳŵģҪ˵˭пܵõǼǿ϶Ҷˡ
ʯҲ̫߿ˣôԪûеõǼҵûôáҶԿЦû뵽ʯȻôء
ʯǲ¶ˣֻҶ쵱Ȼ˵
ҲգҲֻǱһ˿ϣѣȻûǼˣԵֲʯҲûǿ󣬱ϾּʺС
ˣʯǰҪ·ɣҶȻǿգƺЩİǰ·
˭˵ҪȥҪҪȥĻҾͰа֮ǴˡʯЦ
ҶʱɻҪȥ
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Ȼ򣬵еƿ֪ԣͰ׼ڷ˵һ顣ȴû뵽һŮҪŮȥʱȴʥˣȻƾ˳ȥȴûüŮ
ʯ˵Ů߲㲻֪δãɱôɻŭƴ£Ҳ˲أֵôɱҲܾôβܰɣϾ֮Ů츳죬ȥ˭֪᲻Ϊʲôħͷ
ȻʦΪͽ𣿡Ҷ棬ʵ̫ˣֱš
ʯ˵ͷ˵ǰʦΪһ԰ҪԸȥ鷳ɣԸһСŮޣԴСֱǶʦλ͸ߣʥԥҲֻˡ
û뵽ʦ˵ѪʦһѪʦ㣿Ҷ漴˵Ѫǳģ߲ܵѡ
ʯЦǰȷǿѪǳ߲֮Ȼû˵ȴѾںĪˡң²֪ʦ츳죬̳֮壬Ҫ˵ѪȣǼŮǿˣֱ׷Լ
û뵽ʦ츳ôǿ¾۾ҲԶ˰ɡҶ찵̾
ԣͷİɣڣ˭㣬ԺߣҶҪմĹ⡣ʯЦ
ҶҲЦЦλʦ㣬Ҳûüһ
ʦŷʥ˵ˣһʦֵܵڣֻŴʦֺʦ㣬λʦеһЩС
ǰˣ¿϶ǿʣѾϢʦˣѾӭˡʯ˵
Ҷ̧ͷȥǰƬǿգˡ


һǧİʮ ʦ

ʯҶ쵽ʱǿϢ޷أ˲ͱһλǿ߸ˡ
˭
ô򣬲𣿡
ŭȣ졣
ҶеȻ˵ʵʯҪǿ࣬һλ۾ĳǿߡ
ʯҲܵ˾޴ѹɫ΢΢һ䣬漴æ˵ʯǰӦ۾ɣ
ֻһʥ۾һ۾һս۾
Уս۾սܳڴ˵ء
ԣʯ²ǰǿ۾
ʯ˵СӣʵҪ򣬻ԶͲˡ۾ߵһǿϢͬɽһ
ΧǳˣµƬǿնˣҶܵǰδеǿѹ
ʯɫ䣬ɵú۾ǷͰСʦܹ

۾һʱеƣǿµҲ˲ʧ
ʯҶ춼˿
Ƭ֮һɫӰǰ¶һӡ
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۾н䣬ϸһҶ죬漴̾þ˵츳ѹֿսɨߴ򣬿ϧûн׾磬ע·һ
ǿδأҶ쵭һЦҲԼİ
۾۾һУЦ˵ǺãԪĩڣҵҪ㻹ܲٶ
˵գ۾ʯߵȥɣҶҴȥ۾СӾͱ򡣡
۾ʯʱ¶ɻ֮ɫ漴ϲѵҲͻˣ
ҶҲˣɵþϲ֣û뵽ʦҲͻƵ˵۾Ρ
۾ĵλ۾۾˵
ʯ۾۾Ȼ֮Ů򳤴󣬸ˡ
۾Դŭһֱ߳ӽʯ߷ɳȥ
ʯЦȴͣҶ촫Ĵɣʦ̤۾Σ˭۸㣬ҾȻȥˡ
ʯߣҶæ˵
һ̣۾˻֣ҶʧƬǿա
ڣǽɫƵֹһзУһ硣
ȻԻΪ壬ڣϲչֱģϾ
۾˿ҲչֳӴı壬ǳӴҶվһϣվһ½һ
۾ɶȥҶһ·ķɡ
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ⰴվ˵ӦҲһ֪ʲôҶ찵˼
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Ҷ죬ǰˣѾ֪ͨ۾ˣڵ㡣ˣҲҪ㡣۾ͻȻ
Ҷ̧ͷȥʱһ޴ĽɫҲ֪жô󣬷ǰƬǿȫ棬ʥһͬһսݡ

˵Ҳһһ壬ʥһ
һƹܣһս۾ƹܣս
ˣȻֻһʥʵȴǳǿ
أ
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Զǰվһɫս׵ŮӣǳᣬƮƮӢһĻ֮£ЦݵעҶ쵽
ʦ㣡ҶʱͲ³ŮӾǰ۾ˡ
۾˹Цݵ˵Сʦܣڼˣ˵ʦһСʦܣҾȥʱڳ۾磬ԲŵڲżСʦ㡣
ʦȥʦܵģӦʦݼʦŶԡҶЦ˵
ʱ۾ҲΣڰ۾ǰ
۾ѾˣҪСӡ۾˵
ţȸСʦܽӷϴ۾˵գҶͷˣһЦõ۾

Ů۾Ҳ޿κΣϾð۾
Ҫ֪˰۾Ȼпԣǰ۾ȻԹ
򣬾Ű۾Ȼʯô˵Ҷ԰ȫа۾ţû˸۸Ҷ죬С
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˭ҵ۾÷ԸЩСһҲ˵ġ۾Ц
ǰİ۾ǿԵ̤˵۾磬ʵԽ۾ս۾ȼ磬˭ð
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ţټǿʵ۾Ǿ˭ҲðĴڡ
Ҷ뿪ʱһ·ǿ߹кǶҶǳ͸Ҷ첻ȻΪ°۾ƨ
Ҷ첻ɵø̾ʦ㣬Եá
Ǻǣ۾ЦЦһ˿ԵãЦɡЩ˶Ǻɵֺġ
뵱۾ʱдǿҵԹԷǳſԵ˲ǿߡ
Щǿ߶Ǳˣ޷״ֻѡͷֺˡ
ȻЩ飬۾ǲҶġ
ѵüСʦܣ۾ȻҪάԼʦӣҶֱؾתͷҶ˵Сʦܣؾõ֮أ˵һ֪ǲģǼ٣ֻкôûл
۾ؾҪطôһ˽ȥԶؾһ˹˵
ҹ۾ԣֱһȭ˹ȥǿֱӺΧĿռʱ䣬Ǹ嶼䱬ˡ
۾ŲԶȵҹԶ㣬ҿ㣬ȥɡ
ǸҲҶ˵һ仰תˡ
һԵҶĿɿڴ֪Լʦжôˡ


һǧİʮ ʮԪ
λǱߣ۾һ漴Ҷ죬ʱЦݣСʦܣȥɣؾʱշͬ죬ҵҲԵġ
лʦ㣬ֵطĲҪ֪һ𣿡Ҷʵ
ߣ֪ʲôҶµģֻܽȥˡ۾ߵ
ðɣǾʦõˡҶͷȻ˽ʦİܲ
û£ʦƽ˯һһԪʱʲôȥɡ۾ߴٵ
֮ôҶؾ֪Ҷʱ䲻ֻ࣬ʣԪԵýʡʱ䡣
Ҷͷ漴ؾ
ؾһŽɫһƬ򣬲ҲС֪ʲô
Ҷһ̤Уһɺ嫵ʱ䷨ֶ֮˶һƵʱ䳤С
Χʱ֮ϵʣҶе
ֻֿµʱ䷨ɣҶ𾪣оΧʱټȥһ꣬Źȥһꡣ
ʹڴԽʡܶʱ䡣
ңֵطʱ䷨ջ󡣡Ҷʱװ۾ΪʲôŴˣһʱ䣬пʱ䷨ͻơ
£Ҷ첻˷ʱ䣬ϥ֮Уʱ䷨
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ת۱һǧȥˣҶȴѾȥһԪˡ
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ʮ˷ħͻƣڴﵽ˵㾳硣
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ʮ˷ħֲǹλΰڴĳѧ㣬˵
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ҪҶɵĲʮ˷ħ֣ǹƶܶԿ״Բǿˣֱ
ȻҶҲ֪ʮ˷ħֵڣѾˣҪͻһ㣬ǳѡ
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ٸҶ켸ǧԪʱС
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ԪȥˣҶ˵ʮ߲ռ䡣
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ղŵʱֻؾǰ벿֣ҶҪؾĺ벿֡
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ú֮һµĲҶ˶ûˡ
Ҷƾʧǿ֮УӰϢˡ

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۾ؾķǳһĨ΢ЦѾȥһǧˣСʦӦʱʮԪˡʮԪȻ࣬Сʦܵ츳ջܴ󡣡
ҶܹٳռһΪߣҲûжٵ
ΨһģǰҶ쾡ǿʵҶԼĿ
ҲҶĴʦֹӰ۾ԭһԪʱҪٳռҶ츳Ҳõ
ڣʮԪĻۣҶĳɹļһ롣


۾űЦһǧȥˣʱеƶҶСùˣҪȴһٸԪ
ǱŮôΪСʦлһԪڿٳ治֪ô뵽ģʮԪʱ䣬СӾܳɹ𣿡ҡҡͷ̫Զˣ̫̫ˡ
ҪһԪڿٳΪߣǸܡ
ţҲҪһԪܿٳΪߡ
ڱ˵ҶֻǶʮԪٶһٸԪҲܳɹ
һԵ۾ЩϧϾҶˣһˣʱеֱ˷ѡ


һǧİʮ 
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Ҷƾճһ԰棬ͤУһϤӰǾ졣
㣡Ҷ۾һС
ΧĻڶ֮һ
ѵǰ죬ҲֻǸеһ˿
ɣ쿴Ҷ֣ƺûжپȣָ֣ǰʯӣ΢Ц
Ҷ漴Ŷľ죬˵ּˣǲÿһжһ˿
ǣֻݴ½֮ģԼƵǱƵģԲҵĲ쵭Ц
ݴ½ҲҶ쾪ȵ
Ȼ壬ȻûκҪ
˵
Ҷ֪ԭǼѾõݴ½
֮ǸʲôõģҶ漴ʵѾõ֮ģȥҪݴ½ˣȻҪú˽һ¡
㽫֮ݴ½ܼݴ½ֻһۡûж
˵գ˵ؾһһ̣ǹԵ̣һݴ½ܷӳµĹʥҲ
ҵܺãҶЩˣһôʵ͸ǿˡ
գҶʵһ̾Ƿ̰ɣ
ħ򣬾ڵϵҲǰݴ½õط˵
ҶʱۣȻ㵱ôû˵
ʱ㣬Ҳ޷ӵУΪôƿ룬ҲߵʵܰЩݴ½ܽ˵
ˣҽ֮󣬱ȥһ˵ϵҵǼ̡Ҷͷ
һܹйз
Ļеǿߣôô죿ҪԷߡ
κһǹһ壬ãһ
ʥǣ͵ġ
ȻŮ񸫾ͲһǴĹ
Ůʵͺǿǰ벽𣬵Ȼںǵ
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ôȷҿԳΪߣҶȻ졣
ԷѾΣӦöܿûгΪײŶԡ
Ц˵֪ΪʲôĳſԽףûгɹ𣿡
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ΪҲܺ棬Ϊʲô
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Ϊں˶ȥһЦҡҡͷ
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˵գҶ죬˵Ϊں˶ȥһѾٱڤڤ֮е涼㣬θˣ
ԭˣҶʱȻڽҿеյס
㲻Ҫź˵õġЦȻΪףʵϻ֮۵ļ֮£ԺΪ𣬶Ҫ֮۵ļ£񵱳ҡ
ֻҪ֮۵ļ£ǼΪ𣬶ֻһֻϣ֮ʱԴݻ㡣
쿴Ҷ죬дһ˿ڴԣҲƴҵ˶ȥһΪıǶ֮ۡѾǳɹˣԺΪ֮ҲᷢˣͿ԰ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򣬳֮
ţһ죬ɹġ
ֻΪۣ֮֮飬˳·
ʼնҪ֮¡

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Ҷˣ֮ƴԭյĿģ֮۵ƿء
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Ƴһ̣𣬿ºķѵʱ䲻١Ҷ찵̾Ϊɷѿġ
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ؾȵڶ֮ջˡҶЦݣ뿪ؾ
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߰ɣȻջܴ󣬹ҲûһЩʱ乮¡۾˵գҶ췵
Ǹոջ۾ϸϹˣ۾ҶСѡ
а۾ڣ۾ԴҶ죬ܶࡣ
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۾һЦáǸһƺҲֻа۾ˡ
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ʲôҶɫһ䡣
ʦ־Ȼûиҡ۾ɫҲǴ䣬漴һĴȥ
Ҷæȥ


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
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һԸ߽۾һĻвɵÿЦ
⻹Ǹ⻹Ǹվ۷
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۾ȴ˿飬ߵٷϻ˵ʦ𵽵ôΪʲôڲŸң
ɲܹΪΪΪʦ͸ˣֻû뵽ҲˡЦ
۾üͷҲֵĵطŷʥһڵӵУʹʦֵĸá
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ŮҲҪ룬ΪʦҲΪáϾǳң˵ӶѾַˣǻȥ϶Ƿ֮С˵
ʦڵôˣ۾ߵ
˵ʲôҲ̫սܼңֻԶԶعսҽӽĻæҲᱻУô¾ҪĻսˡ
ҷϻ˵õġ۾һۡ
ɵÿЦ漴æ˵ã˵Ҳ̫żʥŷʥ֣ûдҲûмܹɱǡŮƺ׼ǣרŻɱѪħʥʦʥ
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ЦðɣҪȥҲУϰɣҲܷġ
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ң͸ˣټʵԶԿʥεǿߣҲĻסҶİȫ
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Сĵ㣬סʱ򣬳ʦ⣬ҪκˣΪʱĹˣпܻᷴˮ
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ŵ˵
۾ߵϣ˵ġ


һǧİʮ ۾
۾ʵʯǿˣҶǿգٶȷǳ졣
;У۾ȡһɫʯͷȻ߶ط
һ̣Ҷʱɫʯͷˣ۳һɫӰͬҹ֮еһ
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Ҷʱ¶ɻ֮ɫ֪ʦٻ˸ʲô
СʦܣǴʦ֡۾Ҷ˵
ҶʱϸǰĺɫӰǴ˵еĴʦ֣ǵһμء
Ȼǰõ֪ʦһֱڰбԼȴδһڿʦֵӡ
źɫʯͷĺڹⲻϵۣǰĺɫӰԽԽˣ¶һӢĺꡣ
Įһ˫۾ӣһǺɫģһɫԵЩ
Ǵʦ֣Ӱ۾
֪ΪʲôҶӴʦֵϸܵһ˿ϤϢ
ռ飡ͻȻҶ쾪ŵؿǰĴʦ֡
ˣӴʦ¶Ϣǿռ顣
һԵİ۾ҶһۣЦ˵û뵽СʦҲ֪ռһ壬ںʱ򣬴ʦֱӵһ߿ռıһֱһεĵطЩⴳģĿռ
Сʦܣ㲻û
ʱ򣬹Ӱ۾ڿˣҶһۣ漴۾˵ʦã֪ס㡣
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㲻ҪģȻһλ۾ǲûһ˾ͿԵסңʥǣѹ۾ʱ㱻ƿʥǻˡӰ˵

Ҷ˵ˣͷܴʥһܳĶӣЩ̤߾磬Ǻʯ۷ߡ
ңʥָ㣬ЩչزʵѾɲ⣬¾۾ҲԶˡ
ҪǣʥĶӣֵΡ
ʦ֣ҴˣǱһӶ̻ᣬŮ¼ҹһôȨߣ۾˵
Ӱ۾һ̾ȴûжٸˣΪ͸۾Ŀġ
Ժ۾ˣҲʦˡ
ϾǸŮ֮飬ӰȻЩᣬҲûֹ˵ͷ˵ðɣǻɣҪսͺһ𣬰
ã۾˵ͷ
Ӱ漴һԵҶ죺СʦܣЩһֱи㣬֪㲻ܡģŷһʦֵܣʦֵܻףһˡ㽫ΪУŷһʦֵܶվһߣ㲻Ҫκεѹ
ʦ֡Ҷһ֪ЩʦһֱиԼѾ֪ˡ
ض˵ֻһǱǿٳռ̤߾硣飬㲻ùܣȫҺʦ㡣Ӱ۾˰֡
ˡҶ˵ͷ
ˣɡӰ۾˵գ˱ʧˡ
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ҲǾ԰ȫġ۾ҡҡͷ˵ңĳЩطǻᱻεģҺʦҪĶᱻΡ
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ŷƽҧгݣ漴ЦȻôôǰǰǶһɡ
Ļ£۾Ҳ̤֮նԱߣؿ۾
۾ǿƣ޼ɵͷſҶܵ˾޴ѹ
Ҷ𾪲ѣ⻹а۾ţĻֱӾͱǿѹѹˡ
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ǰٽһǰ벻ףΪʲôҲ۾Ŷ۾˵
ҶҲ˹ȥ۾ҲһӣϢɲ⣬Ȼŷƽ½۾ǿˡ
㲻û۾Ű۾˵ҿֻҪڻ򣬷Զ̤ұһΡ
۾ŷƽɫһ䡣
һԵ߰˰֣˵ƽҵ۾һ۾Ů
ãŷƽԣʱٶԡ
۾Ű۾˵ô
ǲ뿪ģ۾ߵ
ȻˣǾͶԲסˣģֻǷӡ㣬ɱ㡣۾ԣһ̾
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۾ЦһǿϢʱϯȥһ㶼ȶ۾١
ܵǿϢ۾˶ʱɫ䡣
۾ôܣҲ̤˵۾Σŷƽ֮ɫ
Ҫ۾ˡҲ¶֮ɫ
۾ضŷƽңм˵°̤ܽ˵۾Σô̤ܲ룿
ŷƽұɫϣðɡ


һǧİʮ 
貵ǿ֮У۾ȫâɣǿϢϯ˷俴Ŷλ۾
۾дһ˿̾˵û뵽ʦ֮Ҳ̤˵۾ΣʦĽͽ죬ˡ
۾ΪΣҪ۾˵һ顣
ѣ
۾Цɲʥŷʥ˵ģ뿪֮ʱ˹ͬƹġ
ȻˣΪҪ۾Ըɻˡ
Ҫ˵۾£Ҳ˵ȥΪͷ֮һλʥŷʥƽȣֻʵǰˡ
ҺʥŷʥôĽ飬뿪֮ʱȴʦֺСƿҶΣʦֹӰ۾˵Ͼ̤˵۾ΣƽʦƹܣûκʥأԸƹܣҲң˵ĲңһҪ𣿡
۾˵
һԵŷƽҴʱЦʥ̫СˣŮͲͬŮѾһؾҵһ۾ˡ
۾ԣжʱһ߲ͨɫâɣӴϢѹգ嫵𶯰˻ġ
۾ȰҪҪ̤˻ˮ۾ֳ߲ʳ䶢Ű۾
ߣûţ۾ŭȵ
ǾͱԴСˡ۾Цһеĳʱ߲ɫĹӰ಻غ۾
Χǿ֮Уǳ飬ǿ硣
۾гһѽɫսһȥɣһɿµĵϯֲĵâնǿӡ
䣡
ȻӰЩֲâǿ˺ʱգݺݵغڰ۾ϡ
ͣ۾ɳȥѪ磬ǿ֮ϣ¶һ˿˿ѷ졣
Ҷ쿴ðͬǵ۾Σ۾Ȼ½ĵ۾ŷƽǿö࣬Բ۾٣ȴôһ
ⶼΪ۾еǸ߲ʵ̫ǿˡ
۾ʵͿʥ۷һڡ
۾һ½ĵ۾㶯δ̫Сˣɣŷƽҿ۾ˣʱ뵽Ҫϴˢ֮ǰսܳ裬ɵôһ۾
۾üҲûпֹΪ֪ŮִӶ磬λŮƽѾŷƽҲ
ȻһŷƽںǷҲִӶ硣
۾ִô꣬飬ǿġ
£߲һǰǰս
۾Ҳн죬ߣŷƽҵشЦһƺ°۾Ǻպƽơ
սŷƽҵУǱŷƷǿ򱶣ΪϾŷƽҴľѧֻвܷӳǿ
ʽ
۾Ŷŷƽң¶һ˿ЦеĽɫսٶȹâɣһɰԵǿĵƲ񷣬նŷƽҡ
һƣƽ¡
һԵƥ
ǿ֮У۾ݺݵײһ𣬸ԱԼǿײ֮ϯͬеľ
ԶҶ۾ǣڹս
û뵽ʦ㴴ǰԵҶ쾪̾
ڵ֮УԵŷ۾Ļ𵶵һǿ󣬹һҲ𵶵ǽռǿ󵶵
ѹְ۾ôǿ
ŷƽҲǶ֡
䣡
Ȼ۾ʤһһƿŷƽҵƽƣҵĵâʱŷƽҵ嶼ݻˡ
Զ֣߳Ҫŷƽҡ
һĽâбһɾâɱ۾
һȥɣ۾۾һݣƽ̹һС͵ʱŴסΧǿգߺŷƽһѹȥ


ߺŷƽҶʱš
Զ۾Ҳɫ䣬æó߲
ǳһ۾ȫ߶ʹӴ˵ΰһɿֲϢߺŷƽҵһ˲͸䱬ˡ
Ҫ֪ǿûа۾ǿ죬޷ֵϢ
ãǵȻˣȴڣһ١
۾ʱֳ߲ǰס˰۾ײɢһɹɿֲϢⷽضѹ
û뵽Ȼƹˣ۾Ŷİ۾ɫг𾪡
ʲô
ǿȻ˰۾ֱ̫ˡ
Ȼ۾֮ŮŮȥˣҲû˭
ʥһʲôǿΣȻǲ뿪ġ
ò˵۾𾪡
ҪʥҲˡ۾뵽ѾǹȥʽˣѾӶ磬Ӵأ˫ֻǵжԹϵ
䣡
ǿ֮Уϵײ
۾Ͱ۾ǵ۾֮еٮٮߣִܿʥ
൱ʥڼսǿµ
Զսҽӽ˵أ±Ϣɱ
ָߣŷƽңԶڣҽӽ˵ء
ȥǸСŷƽͻȻŲԶҶ죬һЦ̤նȥ
üûֹȻƤɱҶһСȻŷƽҳ֣Ҳö¡
ŷƽң
ԶҶ죬ȻܵһǿɱϮɵתͷȥʱͷŷƽЦ
ȻߣŷƽǺεȾ磿һ̤ѾҶǰˡ
һ۾Ȼɱһ׶ǵСǲҪˡҶɫһ䣬漴ȵ
ŷƽߵŷʥҲƽȣԴС
ǿʶǲҪ֮Ҷŭȵ
СŷƽҴŭһƺɱǳ⣬ȴҶ޷ΰ
ŷƽң㻹ǲҪڴʱһǿ֮
һ̣Ϣһž޴ǳЯһɿֲƣŷƽײȥ
ʥǣŷƽҴʧɫæ˺󣬵ǱʥǵϢٶȳѷ졣
Һ߼ʱ۾һ֣ŵסʥǡ
Ҷ죬ʥǣڴʱʥ̽һֻ֣Ҷץ
Ҷִ֪ʥǵûзƾִֻŽʥǡ
ǿ֮УϢ


һǧİʮ ʮ
ǿϢƥϯ
Գţλ۾һλ۷߶ԳţжԳ֮Ϊ۷һս
֣ʥǵأ
Ҷ챻ʥڣȴֵޱȣʥǣѾûӰյһƬ
ʥǣֻʣһˡ
ʱƿʥǣͰ۾һ𣬶Կ۾ߡŷƽ۾
ҶɵôҶ죬Ӷַˣ»֪ʵŮͽܣѾ̻Ӷ硣
ʲô
Ҷ𾪣û뵽߾ȻŮͽܣǾ춯صĴϢ
ѹֵʱӶȻҲ˴ѹûгȫƺ̻Ļᡣ
ԭʼգߴ̻ᣬŮĲ֡
ò˵Ů̫ˣʵǿĿⶼôԶѾΪ˳ư֡
Ҫ֪ƿ򼸺ٷ֮ʮϵôԪȴǱӶ̻ѹ
Ů¶ǿҰģ׼ưˡ
շǳţΪ˱ڸصפأʥеǣһǰսһֱ㶼ֶ档˵
ҶΪʥеײˣԭˡ
ˣ֪սʲôҴʦһ˹˵ù𣿡Ҷʵ
ڲĺƽȻҪǽΪҪһսʧأӶ磬Ǳĵж
ʦһ˹˲Ҳû취ʥŷʥڣ۾ֱֻʦʥжǿ߰æʱصסֻӶ繴ħһǸܵС˵
ҶüͷħӶȻôѵսʧ𣿡
˭֪أŮΪ˳ư򣬼ֱˡҪ裬ȴ裬ǵơҲЩŭ
ͺñսһ˲˷ֻΪ˹ԼˣҲҪɱԷʮһӡ
һˣȴԼˣɱˣԼˣʲôôأ
һӣһǣȻǵһԿһЩ
ãΰ۾˻һԺʦֱȼ磬ҵһЩѹ漴ҵ˵
ЩӰ۾ս˵ѹܴ
Ӱ۾Ȼʵǿ󣬵սҪħ򣬻ѪħȴС
ȻʥҲ۾Ķ֣οߺŷƽ۾
٣һڶ࣬ߺ״ԲǿߵǱӶ̻Ҫࡣ
ԣ˫Ҳһƽ⣬ɵûз̫սۡ
˫ﶼһսʼⲻ˵ġ
͵Ůˡ
һŮʥŷʥûлôӶһռ˾Եˡ
ԣʱһǳ
ʥʵͨ쳹أ֮ҪֳʤҪʱ̫ˡ
ʥʦǴô꣬ʵ˫û̫أ磬ˣһЩصƣָܻ֮ҪֳʤǵҪԪʮԪ
ϾѪħʼ滹Ҫ˼ǲȫԸʥǡ
οʥҲڹսţʱС
öĶ˵ҪץסᣬһɱѪħһʥ
ЩʥǣһǼ򵥵ڵȴᡣ
Ҳһ
ˣһˣڴʱ˿
Ҷ͸ʥǿȥ۾Ѿ뿪ˡ
û취۾ƿһ֮ǳֲ۾һֻˡ
Ϊ۴ֳ꣬ʤ˭Ҳɱ˭ٴȥû˼

۾֮󣬰۾Щ飬ֱˡ
ػʱ򣬸ûʱϢҪѲ̣۾͵Ϯ
֮⣬ЩǣҲڸֶ
ʮλߣӶ̻ʮλʣµʮλ
Щڣһ֮۾ǿ⡣
ںˣа۾룬һʵ˿
Ҷһ˻صݴ½ʮʦһֱڴˣҶʱЦСʦܣˣȲ˵ˣݴ½ͽˣһҪ졣Ҳˣ㰲ȡҵİ취
ʮʦ֣ҲСĵ㡣Ҷ˵ͷ
ڼֱڰʱʮʦ״ԲǿߣÿһǳҪҶػݴ½
ҲΪʦֵܣʮʦִӦҶ죬ŻҶݴ½ôãҪǻ˱ˣ϶С
ҶҲܹ⣬ʮʦֺ󣬾ͷݴ½
ʱҶǣԼҶҵһЩҪѾ˺ݴ½
Ϊ棬Ѿ޷֤ǵİȫˣǰɽףʱΣա
һӶսôǾµ飬Ǿڻҡ
Ҫ촴ռߣ
ҶҴ壬Ҷ̧ͷ񷣬г˼ȡ
ڰʱӵǿܱ˵İȫ
Ǽʶ۾ǵʵֿµɢһ˿һɱ
Щǿǰͬһֻϣ޷õ֤
ֻнߣȻ֮ĺݴ½齨һԱİա
ڴ֮ǰҲҶһЩ֣
ҶĿ䣬һ̤Ҷǡ
Ҷҵһ߲㣬Ҷ
ҶҶͬȻʵǿҶҵĸ߲㣬ǺҶһҶ漶
Ҷ죬ôпҶҶ죬Щϲ
һԪȥҶΪµ䵽𾳽磬һٶ񾳽硣
ֻҪ仹ڣ˵ǳɡ
ҲΪʲô֮УкܶλԲǿˡ
Ҷ㽫ҶһЩǱ׵ȫҪҶɫ
ãǹҶѾܾûпҶôˣʱ֪飬Ҫȥˡ
úʮҶҵţȫҶˡлһˣҶǳǵҶҴʱҶʶġ
ҶһɨȥͷʮҶŶѾ̤λ񾳽磬¼Ԫʼһٶ̤꣬λ񾳽磬츳Ҫ¼ԪģлΪס
ϧʮˣϸԪĩڵģע޷Ϊס
ڣҶҪһ׵Ļᡣ
Ҷ쿴ǰʮ󱲣ʵҪΪ𣿡


һǧİʮһ ѡ
ҪΪ𣡡
ҶĻǰʮҶţȫĿɿڴؿҶ죬гɻ𾪡
˭밡
ǿףվ۷壬ڣһδλ
ֻҪ飬ûһҪΪ׵ġ
ЩԪĩڵţϣףȴʱĨɱ
ǵУģǳΪס
ϧʱ飬ⱲӣעֻܱλԲˡ
棬⻰ʲô˼ĪҶǳҶ죬˸ĪɫʣЩܣЩɡ
ҶЦſͷǶ츳ףȱٵģһᡣҿԸᣬҪ˵һҲΣյģͿǵѡˡ
棬ױһûΣգһҶҵ˵
Сӵǿ͸Ҷص˵ͷ˵Ӧö֪ʱ䷨𣿵ǲ֪ʵѾʱ֮ġ
ʱ֮ģ
ʲô
һȺҶҵǲɵɻȻ츳Ͼṳ̂׾磬ûнӴʱ䷨Բ֪Ҳ
Ҷ͵ʱ֮ʱıԴ֮۶ɣô˵ɣֻգΪһЩŵõġ
һҶ𾪲ѣȻʲôʱ֮ģֻҪ漰Ǿ㹻ˡ
Ϊӵʱ֮ģֻҪҵʱ䷨ﵽһ̶ȣܻʱճӣȥʱաҶ˵
һһѣҪʱճӣҪ㹻ߵĿռ䷨򣬻ӵпռ֮ĲС
Ҫһ򣬾ܻʱճӣΪӵΰµ
ҶûֿµǾֻһһ𱬷ʱ֮ĺͿռ֮໥ϣǿõ
һ㣬棬ҲֻҶһˡ
ȻҶǲܰԼտռ䷨Ҳǡ
Ҷ쿴ǰЩ𾪵Ҷǣ˵ǺʱճӣʵҲ⣬֪һ㣬ֻҪʱճӣǾͻʱĿռ䣬˭Ҳ֪ǻͺһ㡣
棬ˣһΣлΪˡҶǳг˼˵
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ô򵥣Ȳ˵ʱճӵΣգҲ޷֤ǵİȫߣǰȫضɹʱճӣ˭֪Ҫǳһ޷磬Ǹô죿ҪǻһԪĩڣȻ޷ס
棬ǲô˵ⶼһᡣȻСٻϣʱճӣ磬ǿ϶޷׵ġҶǳ˵
棬Σպͻ棬һһҶҲ˵
ҶҲͷ
ϸԪĩڣжλų׾磬м˳ɹʲôʣ
ףΣգһ˵ֻһ
ԣ̤ʱճӣʲô
һҶŶúܿͬǼʺܵͣͬΣأ̤ʱճϣףһܽס
ʣʮҶţ϶ѡǰߡ
Ϊ˽ףһΣա
ã·ҸˣѡͿԼȻȥ׼׼һº£֮ҡ
ǰʮĿᶨҶǣҶ˵
ʮҶǶʱ뿪ǵȷҪ£Ͼһߣͺûʲôֱ
Ժ׾磬Ҳ֪ʲôʱˡ
ϣܹɹҶ찵̾
Ҳ̫ˣΣûаձҶˡ
ңȻҶԼΪߺţһʧô죿
ʱǾˣ˭ҲȲˡ
£ҶȻҪº֣Ҷ»֡
ֻҪʮˣһ˿ԳɹôܶҶȻ
ңԪҶһܵţһЩûл׵ţҶԽߡҶ찵뵽
Ҳһƣˣʥεǿߣһ㡣
İʱ䣬Ҷ쿪ʼоʱ䷨ռ䷨ĽϣϣʱճӵʱȶһЩЩҶǶ
ǰʱ̫ˣҴҶ
ʮҶҵǣ˺£һξۼҶǰ
׼һߣѾУֻܿڤڤ֮еˡҶ쿴ǰʮҶţ˵
棬ֻҪϣΪףǶҪƴһƴһҶҵͬ˵һж˼ᶨ
ãҲףԸǿԳɹҶ˵ͷ漴˻֣ЩҶȥ
Ϊ֪ʱճӻʲôĶҶ쵱Ȼݴ½һҪɻ޻
ңݴ½ʱҲܵӶĹעһ㵱ȻǷ֡
ҶʮҶҵǣ޵׾Ϲȥ涯ٴҲᷢ
ң޵׾зǳΣգͨ׶޷룬Ҳ룬ν˼µĺõط
޵׾
û뵽޵׾
֮ǰܿһ޵׾ǾˣҲ޺ˡ
ޣҲŲҪףһվ۷塣

һҶҵǻ̸ۣж˲ᡣ
ȻǿúܿҲȴ᲻˺
ǵǣǵĺǣǵǣš
ңǱ˴ˣҲɢ
Ҷ쿴еĲᣬ̾ǷģȻʧܣѾҵĵ·ġǵˣ£ֻҪǽ׾磬ٴκԱ
𣿡
棬Ҿ֪һɹġ
Ҳԣ涼ܸһξͻᣬ϶ܹɹˡ
ӵʱ֮ģʱ䷨ͻơ

һҶǣʱ˷ܺͼ
˵ҶҶҵ֧Ҷҵա
ֻҪҶ첻ôҶԶ۷塣
ˣǵˣ
ǧ֮ҶȺţ޵׾һ̵ĵط
Χǿգǳ٣ҶûκϢڡ
ƬҶѾ̽˰꣬Կȷûˡ
޵׾𣿺ɭֲ
ֻײܽһȺȴˣ˭õ
λֵܣһǾͲ֪ʱټˡһԼ̤׾֮󣬾˵ػϣѾΣ
һǲͬʱΪ׵أ
Ǿ˵أһʯдԼԡ
ãͬ
Ҳͬ

һҶǻ̸۵
ҶҲûдǣ΢ЦſǣȺһȺӡ
ʵϣҲȷ֪ٴĺûʲô
ǽҪߵ·ҶҲ˵ǺͲᡣ


һǧİʮ ʱճ
ڰ޵׾УʮҶҵǣ˴Ц˴ޣ漴ұһ𣬾þ
Ҷ۾Ҳʪˣôǣûдš
˲ãʮҶǲŷֿҶ죬һĿᶨޱȡ
Եǳ˲ᡣ
Թȥź
δǳս⡣
ʼɣ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴תͷڰĲ񷣬һǿϢϱ
ңϢԽԽǿ󣬳ԽλףԽλףԽһλס
찡ҼףΪλףҲûôֲ
ǵȻŷһλֳѪӴˡ
ǱϾǿѪӣڣ治Ѫӣ¾λˡ

һҶš
ǰΰӰеŸŨˣǿ棬ǻõŵʲô
¡¡
ͻȻغ£Ƭǿգڲֹ
Ҷ콫Լȫͬʱ߶ʱ֮ģһɺ嫵ʱ䷨µʱ֮ܶ
ͬʱԶħҲӦʱ֪Ҷڸʲô߶ռ֮ģҶ졣
׵֧֣ҶҲʼͬӴĿռ䷨
ױӵпռƣҶռ֮֮󣬲ռ䷨ٶȱˣѾﵽ˺ʱ䷨ĳ̶ȡ
һ֮һ𱬷֮ϵĺڰն˺ѿ
ƥϢ޵׾
Χǳըˡ
ʮҶǶŵɫ԰ףҶ커ţҲ֮䡣
ʱճӣ¶ɣȻҶ
һ򳹵ױ񵶣նӲңԶδ֪һϤְΰ
һ̣ʮҶҵŶʱһɫĳӣ¶ǵͷϿա
ʱճӡ
ʱյԿһδ͹ȥ
쿴ǲսŷƷĻ𣿡ͻȻһҶָʱճһ澪
Ҳеǳ棬ڶʱճӡ
ףҸոճʱ򣬾ȻҲӳճˡһҶ˵
ҳΪʱ򡭡
һҶţʱճ֮Уҵ˺ԼйصĻ档
ԼĹȥ
Ҷ춼ڹۿţϾҲǵһοʱճӣ𺳵ĳ֮⣬ɲʲô˶ܿõġ
һתҶ쿴ԼȥһС
飬絶Ҳ¼ǵ㡭ͻȻ䣬Ҷץʲô⣬ά״ϵ۾
Աߣһһɿµʱ䷨ӿ
Ƕ򣡡
Ȼˡ
棬ͬۿʱճӣܹȴܡ

һҶǶʱϲ
ʣҶǶˣֶҶ쵱ݴ½һΡ
ҲһΣҶʱ䷨ǣ̤һµľ硣
һζȻҲʱ䷨УҲʹʱ䷨ǡ
찡
ǿ쿴ʲô
ڴʱһǺȻ
棡ôܣҶǳ۾𾪵ؿʱճһ档
ҶսŷƽҵĻ档
ھݴ½Զǿ֮УҶսŷƽңһһѣǳ飬涼𶯡
ŷƽѾ˵۾磬Ȼ
δĳһƬΣ
Ҿ֪һɹģĳɹˣܹŷƽұȼ磬ǲ󰡡

һҶҵǶʱޱȡ
ҶԺŷƽҼսʣ϶ҵ˳·ĳɾͣôŷƽұȼ硣
һʵĻ棬ҶѪڣж˽
ǵ档
ҶҵĽ
䣡
ͻȻʱճӲԶ֮Уһ޴Ŀռѷ춸Ȼ֡
һĻŵһҶһ
ѵˣ
ܣѾ⸽̽ˣûзκˡ

Ҷҵǲɵɻؿһ޴Ŀռѷ졣
ʱһ޴Ŀռѷϵͷų߲ʹâһֻ޴۾ű飬ĮȻؿǡ
һ˲䣬ʮҶҵǣȫ䣬Ŀͣ·𱻽ˡ
ߡ
ֻ۾洫
һֻ̣۾Ҷڵλá
ûˣʱճ˭ٻģһ
ȻûпҶ졣
Ҷһɻ֮Ƕȥһ
Ƕȥһɱֻµ۾
֮
ڴʱҶҲӶ֮ʱͿ˲Զ֮
ݴ½ʱ򣬾ͼһΣһΣҲжȥһܶһ١
һΣּˡ
ҶҲ⣬Ϊ֪ٻʱճӵĶܴ󣬿϶֮̽ӡ
Ѿں˶ȥһѾ飬֮޷ͨ
գ֮һ˿ɻ뿪ˡ
ͬʱҶҵʮҲָǸ֪֮ǰһУֱֻ޴۾
ǿ棬ʵ棬ˣʲô򣿡
ܴѾаճΪˣǾͷİɡҶĺܸˡ
Ҳû뵽ۿʱճӻʱ䷨һζֱʱ䷨ٴһΣռˡ
ڣֻҪٽռʮ˲㾳磬ܿʼںˣȻ󴴳Լռߡ
ԣҶǳˡ
߰ɣھǽʱճӣҪμǣʱճ֮УǧҪֵֻƾʱճӵǽʱգһǵֵǾͻᱻʱճΪߣܵĨɱ
Ҷ漴ǰʮ˵
棬ףʮҶҵǷ׷׵ͷǻ֪֮ģǿʱճӣ˭赲ֻܹõ
ãǾͿʼˡҶ漴ͷϿյʱճӣٴʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨һݺݵشʱճ֮С
䣡
ʱճӷ·𲻴ʱ̣ҶЩȫûлı塣
ֻҶʱ䷨֮Ϳռ䷨֮䵽ʱճӵıϣһ󲨶ͬо˻
Ҷ֪⿿һУӴʱ֮Ϳռ֮䣬ϵغʱճӡ
¡¡
غͬס
ڣʱճһϸСѷ죬պÿԹһǿͨ
ʱҶѾԵúܳˣʮҶŴ죬ǿȥҼֲ˶á
ʮҶԣ׷׳ϸСѷȥ
汣أ
ףԸ̤𾳽磬档
棬ٻᡣ

ʮҶǣνʱճӡ
һ̣Ҷʱ֮Ϳռ֮ǻָԭʱճӡ
УҶͻȻһϤĻ档
ǵ򣡡
ҶԾҶǳȻ˵򣬲һʱУȻһɫܲ԰ףЩŤȻܵʹࡣ
⺢ӡҶʱǣҶǳˣһ䵽ǸĩʱºѳΪˡ
޷ֻ֣ڤڤ֮һˡ
ûҶ֧ţʱճ漴ɢ


һǧİʮ Ӷľٶ
ᣬѾˡ
ܷΪףͿԼıˡ

Ҷһ̾뿪Ƭ򣬳޵׾ȥ
ʱ䷨ѾﵽҪ󣬵ȻҪռ䣬Ȼ׼ںϵˣ߾硣
ʥǵսֳʤʱҲӶȫ濪սʱսϯ
ԣҶг˼ȣҪǿܱݴ½ֵܵδΣ
ǰҶ컹ûжٰգڣѵʱ䷨ѾﵽҪѾаٷ֮ٵİսˡ
ңԪĺܡ
Ҷȫ㹻ʱ䡣

ݴ½
Ҷ֮󣬱㿪ʼȫռ䡣
ħףҲȫռ䣬һͬٶȷǳ졣
ռһ㣬Ҳѵһ㣬ռľڡ
Ҷ츳ȻܸߣռҪԲЩѡ
ʦûռȴռ䡣Ǵռ䣬ôֱӿٳռˣﻹõȵڡ
Ҷһ߲ռ䣬һԽеŷʥɲ⡣
ѹֿԳΪʥ
ʵϣܹΪʥģ츳Ƚ޳ǲ١ΪһЩǸǿ
Ϊ߻Ȼ츳ҪϽǲҪ츳ҪһЩ
Ҷ죬ǹۿʱճӣͻȻ򣬻֪ʲôʱܽʱ䷨ﵽҪ
УؾʮԪʱ䣬Ҳһ޴
ЩҶ츳Ҳѳɹ
ٶȣ˰֮ڣӦÿԳɹҶš
¼ԪտʼڲŹȥʱ䣬һǧʱ䣬㹻Ҷ콫ռԲˡ
ңҶôһֱݴ½չزռ䡣
²ţһȥ
һꡭꡭꡭ
Ҷʼնݴ½չزռ䣬һֱûгҲѡϵἸϾϵ
ʵϣЩѺˣ֪ҶʱȣҲʱ
أΪ̫ûг֣鶼Ҷˡ
ֻһЩף֪Ҷţһ
ҶЩǣж˽ڵȴҶء
ǳɹʧܣ
Щбһ˿ϣ
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ӶԽԽˣǣϣǻల£ֻżЩ˴ˡд衱һҲû̫ײ˫ڿơ
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Ӷһȴ֣ơ
Ѫħ򻹺ãĵ̣Ӷĵ̡ħȴֻĵ̣Ӷĵ̡
һӶѹǺܴ󣬵һѹʹˡ
Ȼħ򶼳ְǱϾԶֻѡ񹥻ħԼħǣסǵһЩǿߣѹ
ֻǣսֻҶĴʦֹӰ۾һ֧ţѹ
һˣϾҪλжʥѹʱλ
Ҳ˲ᡣ
٣ѪħʥҲǻɵȫ֣ùӰ۾֧ȥĻᡣ
۾Ҫȥ֧ԮӰ۾ǹӰ۾Ϊڣֻа۾ǣס۾һ뿪ˣӶ۾Ķ֡
ƶһԽԽˡ
һУҶ춼֪ڼչš
ʵϣ֪ˣҲ޷֣Ϊڻûǿʵ

תȥˡ
һ죬һ£
ӶŷƽҷųϢѾħˣֻҪӶ磬ԺսͲܵħǿߵĹ
Ϣʵ̫ˡ
Ӷħˣ֮УΪǰŷƽҾͺħǿߣɱһλߡ
һЩףѾµҪˡ
ֻǣһǻûк˭˹ξȻӶˣֱǾš
Ѫħ򣬶ˡ
ĸ߲㣬̸۴£жϴ¶ԽʲôӰ졣
ͬһʱ䣬Ӷ绹ųϢħ򽫻ǲһЩʹ߹ǩԼо޴Ľʽ
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ʣһӶħˣôʵǿȡϵơ
ⲻ˵ϢոշųȥãӶַųһϢ
ǾǾս
սУÿζоųɾŵѡʹŲȻһΪףǿߣΪ֧
ڣӶȴսˣҪš
ӶΪյԴ࣬ӵеǿࡣ
ڣӶȴҳħ˵ķƣռ˺ܴơ
ܶ鲢֪ӶĶԹǿⶼȨˣ˫˭Ǻõġ
Ϳ˭ʤˡ
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ЩŴĵߣҲҪȥμӶеս
ڴˣֹҪǸֹĻϾͳʧȥˡ塱ֻܱӶˡ
ֻǲֹЩűΪӶӣԺɳͻǿӶʵ
һĸ߲㣬е硣
ȥ¾ҪӶѹȥˡ
򣬿ɲԳˣԳ֡
νһɽݶһ·磬ĽֻѡӶ磬Ǳ
ĸ߲㣬Ҳֻϣʥŷʥܹӵʥ벻ᱻӶ

ʥǡ
ټľλǿߵΪʲôأΪǵı壬Ҫλ򣬸޷
ʮλǿߣʮλӰ۾Ͱ۾̤˵۾Σʣʮλˡ
ʮλʯüɱ¾ս
Ƕ۷ߣÿһ˵ʵǳǿ󣬿ڵ۾ǿߡ
Ҳ֧ûʮˣƾӰ۾۾ˣ֧ŲӴ
ҲʮˣڲܺӶ籣ƽ⡣
ʱʮλ۷ߣһĳء
úֱǹӰ۾Ͱ۾
ĸ߲㣬ʥŷʥ⣬Ѿȫڴˡ


һǧİʮ ߻
ʥǡ
һ߻飬ŹӰ۾Ͱ۾Ļ
Уһųεӣʮλ۷ߣߡ
Ӱ۾Ͱ۾ָλ˵λ۾룡
ţӰ۾ʲõλǰǿһڸ̤˵۾Σʵ۾Ƶ۾Ҫǿ󣬵Ȼλߡ
һɣ۾ȴǽһϣ˳üԡ
Ӱ۾״һ̾ȴҲûֹ
ڳʮλߣҲ˾֪۾ѾҪ壬ˣҲ޿κΡ
ϾһΣͳˣǣҲֻ
վǸŮϵ۾ȻԹ֮ԹҲʧˡ
۾ǸмʦĶ飬Դ
Ϊһ㣬ڳǣ˭Ҳ۾Ĳǡ
Ϊ۾Ѿˡ
λٿ߻飬λҲҾͲϻˣλ̸̸ԼĿɡ
˵
ʥĶӣ˿ִʥǣʵҲһߵжģȻʸһڡ
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ҲǰĽǽ޳ʦϸԪ̤߲Σһͻƣ۷ߣʵޱǿ
ˣ˹Ӱ۾˵ŹӰ۾ٵĹӰ֮غ͵ϮӰ۾̤۾Σ¾͸ǿˣӦÿһЩʥʥǺ͵ʥŷʥϡ
˼Կ˵ʵ飬Ѿ͹Ӱ۾ˣӰ۾ȷõǡ
Ӱ۾ӹ磬뿪սսͻʱ򼴱ʥʦϻҲΪˡϾһΣŮѾΪǵĵˡ
ð۾ʱսأ
Ӱ۾ҡҡͷҿһʥȴŮİ벽һ֣϶֪ͨ۾ʱûʦڣס
ЦһλҲҪ䣬ʱ򼴱Ҹ׺ŷʥҲһ˾ζԿӶ磿͵ж򣿡
һԳĬˡ
ǵ⣬ȱһԵ۾εǿߣһҪĵ۾ǿߡ
ĻӰ۾߲ȥ֧Ԯʥŷʥǡ
۾ҪûбǻһЩ
ϧŮ׼͸۾һʥȴˣû۾ʹ۾ͶӶĻ
ʥȻʵǿ󣬵ȴû
Ҫλ˭ܹͻƣͺˡ漴ˣ̾
һ۷ԣʱЦ
ͲˣŸոս߾磬Ȼʵǿ󣬵Ҫ۾Ʋ֪ҪٸԪˡ
üȻϱߣҲ̤۷߾磬Ҳڶʱͻơ
۷ߣȻܶˣʼձס޷
ʯЦ˵֮УҲлͻˣ˵ִҲܹʥǲһôûͻƣ
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ʱɣǼӶһоٶǲħʹǰ𣿵ʱ򣬸ǣ޷ˡӰ۾˵漴ֱʧˡ
˵ͷ⵹һ취
ʲôʱ֣ʱֱϵҡ۾˵գҲ뿪ˡ
ˣ漴Ŀһźɫӣ˵ļԶ̹ʱɱħʹߣͽˣҺͰ۾㣬Ϊ㵲ס۾ǡ
û⣡
վ˵ҳ֣ǱŻȥˡ
һҲ֮ɢȥ

Ӷ硣
һսֵĻ̨ͬʤһЩţӶ硣
ΪӶеսԣһΣųɾŵţѡӶ硣
һҧгݣȴ޿κΡ
ӺôԪĻۣӶҪһսǲġ
˵һΣеڶΣԺۻˣеѹˡ

ݴ½ӣҶһֱڱչء
Ӧòˣ꣬꣬Ҿܽʮ˲ȫˡҶҴ壬Ҷ˫Ŀ¶һ˿Цݡ
ռٶȣĻҪ죬Źȥ꣬Ҫɹˡ
ʱ仹ܳ㣬Ԫһ̤߾硣
ţӶȻħˣҶ׼Щ귢ʲô飬ϾͿϢʱʧɫ
ħ򻹺ãʵǿֻλʥһλҪսһλҪڲûҡ
ɲһӵаλʥһ˻ǰ벽ȫɳһʥ顣
˵ǳ
Ҫʥʦ𾡿ϻУǵȥǲϻ
ҴʦӦʵҪս߲ܹս
ʦҪҲ뿪

Ҷܿе֣֪£Ҫһλǿ֧߳š
Ҳҿԣ
ҶȻбһǿҵš
ռһȫٳߣǾԿе۾
Ͼӵǿʱ䷨
οҶһߣ֮ܰĺݴ½ʹݴ½Ϊʥһ
ʱܴʦֹӰ۾ս
ұҪӿٶˡҶգرչزռ䡣
ͬʱĿռҲȫ
ʱȣΨн߾磬ӵиıƵ

һǧ֮
ħʹȵһλߴӣλ׸棬ǳӶ硣
Ӷɳһλߣǰȥӭӡ
˫һλ׵ϡ
˹ӭӶ硣Ӷλ߽ЦݵؿŶλħʹߣЦ˵
ħ߽˹Ҳһϱߣʵ
⻹ҵһ򣬺Ǻǡ˹Цŵ˵ͷ
ֻҪˣԺеǻᡣЦ
ȻڴʱһɫϮһ˲ʹϣ󷨣˹ɱ

󵨣
˹ɫ䣬ɵŭȣ˲һ֣Ǹɫӭȥ
ֲһϯû


һǧİʮ ɱʹ
ɫᴩ񷣬˺أ󷨺ȫһ˲䱻ݻ١
ִݿһĿֲһӾͽħʹûˣΧǿҲݻˡ
˹˲䷢Ǹɫֲ̺̫֮ˣһ˲ͱɳȥħʹߣ˲ͱ
ֻʣ˹ѪһǱǺɫķ
һӰֳźɫ񹭣Ŀעǣǰĺ
˭˹
۷ߡҧгݵ˵
ԭ˹ʱȻѹʵôǿλ֣߳סһɫ
Ҳսɱħǿߣ˹Ҳ˵š
ô죿˹漴ɫʵ뱨𣬵ţ֪Լ޷ˣԱɡ
סѾ֪ͨƽҵ۾ڸ˵ҲӭħʹһҪĴ飬û뵽ȴˣڶΣա
߿֮У񹭣һɫɢϢڲ
е飬ʱ˿̣ܵϵѹƣſڵϣΡΡ
Ҫ˼޹ǳȥһս
ӶģȻ䱻ݻ١
ã
һ
һ̤֮ǿ֮С
ͺһɣ
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һһɫЯſֲϢ־âз
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תͷȥһɱҪǿϢʱ֪ŷƽҡһٴ񹭣˹һ
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һ׼˹ȻҪһɱ
˹ʱܵĺ⡣
ס֡ŷƽѾںԶĵطһĻ˻ûŭѾ
ˣһЦеĺɫʱѹһŻǳųĻβͣ˹ȥ
һ˲䣬˹䣬ܵв
˹֣ߣȻֻʵεߣҲվ۷壬ɲ
һ磬Ǽֱǳ衣
𣬾Ȼһ̣嵽˹ǰ棬ӭǸɫ
䣡ֲļâһӾͰûˡ
һ̣˵嶼ըˣҲݻ١
˹ҪֻסȴѾˣֲ̫ˡ
ɳȥȻûҲܵش
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Ҳȥɣû뵽Լ˹ɵЩȻ漴ٴ񹭣˹һ
˹ˣѾûĵסһˡ
ˣ
ڴʱһŭĴ쳹ա
һ̣һֻ޴ƣ˹ǰ棬ĺɫһƷ顣
һӰ֣֮ŷƽҡ
ŷƽŭصȵȻҳ֣ս𣿡
ǺǣսѾʼѲɻҪȵӶʵ㹻ˣǲŵȵǵĹ𣿡
˭ģֻӶȳֻ֣׸
Ц
ŷƽȻˣҲȥɡ
˵գһƸǿգѹ
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ŷƽ־ŭû뵽Ȼλ۷ߡ
ңʯһ֮г֣һȭŷƽҡ
۷һֲ֣ǿա
ŷƽȻ˵۾磬ûйӰ۾Ͱ۾츳ʵµĵ۾۷ǿһЩѡ
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Ҫ֪ʯķԵֵһЩ۾
Ľǿ۾
Զ̹͸Ӳ˵ˣԿ¡
˻ҪзҪйһԶ̹ͽνǷǳȫ档
һʱ䣬ŷƽҴѣ˭Ҳκβ˭
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ɱħǸʯͻȻ
ŷӦ˳վһ˹ȥ
Ȼӣŷƽŭ˹æ俪ʯͽ˹סһ
֮бû档

Զǿ֮УΰӰٸɢĿֲϢǿնڲ
Ǳ۾ߡ
ֻǣӴϢͻȻ֣ǵǰ
۾ɣ۾һЦٿ۾ѹȥ
۾æʹֵ߲סʱײƥϢΧǿնըˡ
ߣҲ°ɣٿʥǣߺ
ɫûʵŷƽǿˣԵҲ壬סʥǵĹ
˶סˣ޷ǰȥ֧Ԯŷƽҡ

۷ߺ͵۾εĴսײֲֿһӾʹ
ݴ½չصҶ죬˲۾𾪵ؿ񷡣
ѵսѾʼ𣿡ҶЩɵѯĸ߲㣬ڵĵλҲ㹻ˡ
õϢƻӶħĽˣɱħʹߡ
ôδ̫˰ɣһӶ϶ŭսҪǰʼˣҵʱ䲻ˡҶ첻ɵüͷһ̫嶯ˡ
ȴˣĸֲ߲֪ҶԳɹߣһһ
Ҫ֪ǿ϶ᷢ
ѾˣսѾʼˡ
Ҷ첻˷ʱ䣬չأռ䡣
оҪԲˡ


һǧİʮ ʼں
޷ֳʤսע˶á
ܿ죬ŷƽҾʹ˹ԶˣʯԼ޷һλ۾
۾Ҳ漴ߣⳡûʤս
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Ϊ֮ǰλħʹ߱նɱεʢӰСˡ
˶ȻΣԪĻۣǷǳֲġ
һ˵һԳλ۷ߣҲֻõ
Ӷ磬֮ǰ̻Ҳֻλ۷ߣһҪս
Ҳֻӵ㹻۷ߣһ۷


ŷƽԳ˹ȫصħ򣬲ҺħǩԼ
ٿ䣬򴫳˵ϢӶħˣĴ飬Ӷ磬Ȼɱħʹߣʹý飬Ӷ޷ܣԼɿʼӶж״̬
Ӷŷƽҵİ£ϵϹͬʱǣҲڻսš
ͬʱҲûţŮѾʥŷʥѪħδ顣
ңħжôԪѾѪӶȻֵжˣֱЩսսӢ顣
Ҳڻս
˫ûжǹѾ
ߣħȻǵж򣬵ԩ˽ⲻ˽ᡣң棬仯ˣǱģ󣬾ͻᱻжˡŷƽҴ
ȻˣΪɱˣʹö˲顣Ц
ֻһλʥħλʥǵȻҪʵǿˣ˵ʵŻǿŷƽߵ
ߣǿʶǻˣ̲𣿡̵
Ůڣħжƺ⣬ǿҲǲұ˵ġŷƽҼΪӶȡϵơ
Ҳϵعڸس֣һָһЩ׬ȡ֧ʣһ߼ۣӶ硣
˫Խ֡
ͬʱ֮еЩҲʼѡվˡ
еѡеѡӶ硣
ˣγɡ
˶սʼʱǲԱڵģΪС
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ݴ½
Ҷ۾Ŀ֮Уһɿµĵⱬ˺ǰգ޵İ档
ͬʱԶħףҲӱչ֮۾
һ̣ȫ¶˼˷ܵЦݡ
ڳɹˣ
Ҷս˫ȭܡ
ڽʮ˲ռˣռ̤Բˡ
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ںϣȻ󴴳ռҶгڴ֪ռжôǿ
һںϣҶʱѵ㡣
Ϊʱ䷨̫ǿˣռЩ֧Ųס޷ںϽȥ·ȴȱʲô
ѵ˶򣿡ҶȻ۾һ
֮УеߣǴ״Բɵġ
Ҳ˵ҪΪߣȳΪס
Ҷ죬ȴûнףں޷ɹ
Ҷ쿴׵𣬱˶򣬶ûա
ҲΪ޷ںϡ
ҵĿռ׾磬һˣȻû򣬵ͬԲٿ򡣡
Ҷ찵뵽
ͬʱҲʼôʱ䷨һռ
ռʱ䷨໥޷ںϣ֮߶ʱˡԹʼ˴ںˡ
Ҷ쿴һĻʱ¶Цݡ
Ҫлɽ磬Ҳõ߿ռôҪ̤߾磬ܡҶЩҵ뵽
ɽ۶Ķ飬ʵ̫ˡ
һĻ
ǵȴˡҶɵš
ʱʱ䷨򣬻ռںϡ
ҪһЩʱ䣬ҪһңҲ̡
ǶҶ˵ȴһҲںŬ˼ˣںʱ
ֻҪںһɣͿٳռ̤߲Ρ
һԪǿһߡ
Ҷгڴ֪ʱʵﵽʲô̶ȡ
ڴڼ䣬Ӷٴηųһ˵Ϣ򼴽ǲʹǰӶǩԼ
ȻӶͷųϢҪˣǵٵʱǷǳ𺳵ġ
ǣȻǲʹߵ
Ҫ֪ôԪǸ߸ϣ򣬸ĸˡ
ͬҲûĸҺˡ
Ϊʵ̫ǿˣһǽˣôȵɨƽ֮Ҳᱻ̲
ħ򡢶ЩС˵Ǹϣߴƽ⣬ǲӵкƽ
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ĸ߲㣬ҲڹעŴ¡
͸Ӳ˵ˣٴٿ߻飬¡
һιӰ۾ȿˣϴαͻϮɹһӶ϶׼ΪݽȴϹ
۾Ҳ˵ͷǳͬӰ۾Ļ
˵Ӱ۾˵ĲǾôӶˣ̫ˡҪ֪һǽ˳ɹԺӰ۾սҪԵѹ͸Ӿ޴ˡ
˵Ĳνر䣬Ӱ۾Ȼʵǿ󣬵һ֣ħڣҲ֧ŲסˡʯҲ˵
ǲɵӣ֪οӶµһ壬ѾûѡȨ֪壬ҲҪȥ
һӶˣôӰ̫ˣҪױӶѹ·ˡ
Сĵ㣡Ӱ۾ü漴˵
ȻģҲ޿κΣΪ߲
ɢȥ֮󣬹Ӱ۾׼뿪۾׷ȥʦ֣սֻǿռ㻹һǿıΪûлع飿ҪıͿԽʦʥȻˡ
һֱ飬ʱ̲סѯˡ
ҵıָҪ飬ܻع飡Ӱ۾˵գֱɢȥ
۾ɵüͷҪ飿ʲô飬ȾʦʥҪ
Щ⣬ʵϣôԪ͸ʦ֣ܾôʦʲôš


һǧİʮ ۾
ս
谵ĲãϣӰ۾ϥĿ⣬ԶաɫĮͬһɽ
ĺ󷽣սĻأ档
СʦܣܷɹһأͿˡӰ۾š
ʱһӰͻȻǰһӣǰĹӰ۾˵ѾõѾɣǸ뿪ʱˡ
뿪
Ӱ۾ҡͷЦԪദôĮ飬˵һĮˣǻҪ𣿡
üӦúҲ޼£ᱻǣȥңһݱ֣ôԤϡ
ٵȵȣƽ뿪Ӱ۾˵֮г˲ɡ
ʱҲ߲ˣңȵŷʥ𣿡ӳ
ѾҵˣʦѾĨȥеӡǣѾˣȻΪƾʲôԷӳսλʥǿ߶ܡӰ۾ߵ
𾪣ŷʥȻȻİˣѹôءҪʥһ۾Ҳᱳˡ
۾Ұ̫󣬳ᱻҰɣʥǹغܴĸʥһҲӦӰ۾˵
ô˵㻹ǿ˳Уջعħ磬սҪ㡣ңӦúҪǱˣ˵򣬾棬Ժûаˡ˵գ˾ôʧˣ֮УӰ١
Ӱ۾Ŀȥ¶һ˿ħսЩԽҲصңϧħһ̽ӣҵı޷ϢݻҲ֪սôˡ
һ̾Ӱ۾ķĿ¶һ˿ڴû뵽պߣȴΪҵСʦܣǺǣ˻¾֮۶޷ȫաСʦܣɹɣҪ㣬ħҪĻع顣

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ҶҴ壬Ҷıչ֮ء
һɿµĵ⣬ȻΧʱ֮У޷ҶҴ塣
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ͬʱڷ߲ʹâÿһѪÿһͷڷ߲ʹâ
Ҷˣ·һϴһߵľ硣
һأĸо𽥴Ҷ
һ̣ҶоԼһȭܺ䱬һ򣬱˵λˣ״Բǿߣаһȭɱ
ǿҶеǳ˷ܡ
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̫ǿˣѹֻгΪߣܳΪ֧վ۷塣ԭߵͨλ׵Ĳ࣬޴󡣡
ҶȭΧձ飬·֧Ųס塣
˿̣г˼
Դӽʧ֮ͼΧѵϧԼ˵ļͳЦҶȻвںҲܡ
ڣ̤߾磬һ죬Խ׾磬ǰδеһ漣
ҪʷȥԪҪ˴͸̡
ý֮ĺݴ½ˣֻӵʥҲаһսվ۷塣
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Ҫǻɱߣõ
ҲϾЩҪںǱ顣
٣ȻѣҶ컹ǳɹˡ
֮ĵݴ½ͷ·ͻȻ֮һе౶Χն࣬һϢ򶼷ˡ
̵룬ݴ½ǿճʧˣֻʣһƬڰޡ
ʱҶʥҲ޷ݴ½
ͨ򣬴ʱڱһʥʥһܸǿ
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ȡۺͺɫʯͷҶ쿪ʼϵӰ۾Ͱ۾ϤӰ漴Ҷǰ
Сʦܣʲô£׼͵Ϯʹߣûʱ䡭ף㻹֪ͨ˴ʦ֡
۾һϿڣֱһԵĹӰ۾¶֮ɫ
һԵĹӰ۾Ҷ죬ͻȻ¶ЦݣǺǣϲСʦܣڿٳռ̤߾硣
ʲôһԵİ۾𾪵ؿҶ졣
Ҷ΢΢Цʦֻɲ⣬Ȼһ۾Ϳˣ㣬һԶֻǸոս߶ѡ
Сʦܣĳɹˣ찡ŶãȻͳɹˡҶϣ۾־ϲ˼ضҶ졣
ҶЦŵͷ˵Ҳҵʱ䷨õͻƣȻҪлʦȥؾʮԪʱ䣬Ҹܳɹ
úúãڳɹˣʦ˼ҲԷˣǼʦֵҲԷˡ㾹ȻԽʮʦܣȳΪߣƵʱɡ۾˷ܵشЦ
СʦܣռһֵȻֻǸոտٳʵӦòɡӰ۾˵
۾ҲҶ죬æʵʦ˵ĲСʦܣսﵽʲô̶ȣӦüʯ֣ȣΣ
Ӧúŷƽ൱ĵ۾Ҷŵ˵ŷƽҺͰ۾սܹŵعһԼս
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ʯ˭ǿϱߣʮ۷֮һͨ۾ɱ
ǿĴڣսֱ޷
͹Ӱ۾̤߾֮Ҳ˺ܶԪ׷ʯġ
ڣҶŸոտٳŸոճΪߣȻһԾϣʯ۾
ҪǴ˳ȥ涼Ҫڡ


һǧİʮ ƽƽ
һ֮ɫİ۾Ӱ۾Եƽ࣬΢΢ЦСʦܿռ֮ǿĵܹĳɾͣҲӦġ
֪ռôǿҵ˵ʲôҲҪһ¡۾Щڵ˵
Ӱ۾ԹЦΪռô׿ʦŬô꣬ռ䣬޷ɹҲֻСʦ㣬ûгʱ̤ռȻҲѳɹ
ңԽǿĵԽѳΪߣⶼǿԵģ뿪ʲôܿʲô
Ӱ۾˵գҶ죬˵СʦܣȻʵҲıһ£ȳʦʥˡ
ξȣ۾üʦȥҾҪսʣСʦܺԵס۾𣿡
Ӱ۾ЦſҶ죬ʵСʦܣа𣿶ˣһʹãʥȥʥǵӴ󣬶Ҳʺʥʦʹá
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Сʦܣ۾ӵֻ൱ŷƽң֣Ҳѵֵɡ۾ü
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˵գӰ۾ʧˡ
۾üͷ壬ǰҶ죬˵СʦܣɲܿЦһʧܣʥʦϻҲˡ
ʦ㣬İɣҶȻš
ãôͽˡˣһٿ߻飬̤߾磬Ҳʸμˡ۾˵գҲʧˡ
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ͷҶ죬ҴʥǣͳҶӭȥ
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ףҶ죡üҲϳҶ죬һ졣
Сһôˣ۷ߣҲ¶֮ɫԱߵҶ졣
ȿЦߴһϢҶѾɹٳռΪˡ
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սĸˣٵ׵ϧԼڵ𺳣üипѡ
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ҶЦ˵޳ռֻʱ⣬һԳɹġ
ðһɳԽԽǿˣ˷ܰЦ
۾˰֣ǵĻˣף飬ǵȾȻʦʥ˵ɡڣǻһ£εӪȼƻ
һԣʱɫ
ھȳʥŷʥҪ顣
Ӱ۾۾ʲôƻʵ
۾˵ʦ˵ҪʥȥѪħսҶ죬Լʯǣס
ʯǵ۾͹Ӱ۾ʵǶţҶŸոսߣҲṳ̂۾Σ˾ҲԵס۾ߣԼŷƽҰɡ
۷ԣҲ˵ͷ
۾ߵĲλвģ۾ϱ۾ʵǳǿ
οߵʵҲǳǿ
ټŷƽң۾֣ˣһ
ҪûĻҶƾصס
ǶԷҲһǾûˡ


һǧİʮ ׼
ʯĻ£ڣһߣȫĿͶҶ졣
ֻܶǵһμҶ죬Ȼ֪Ҷ츳ֱһ棬ϾŸոտٳܹʲôʵһҲûС
ҶҲЩеĹǣЦ˵λģоųɵİգԵס۾ǡƣл
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һ죬һҪ֣һϣʯҲ˵ͷ
ü˵ȻҶģǾһΣұþȳʥŷʥǣĻҪӶˡ
ͬ
Ҳͬ
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Ӱ۾ſ˵ȻǶͬˣǼƻ㿪ʼɣҲȥ׼һ£һұŮ֣Ӷ϶ٹǡ
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ҶȻѵղЩ۷ҲΣ
ߣ۾˭֪֮оû˱ѣ۾ߵ
̾۾˵ûȻд󲿷۷߶ֵεģֻҪһѣǶ˵ǻԵѡ
Ҷ˵ͷҲܹ⣬Щ۷߶ĸ߲㣬Ǿߣÿ˵ĵλȨƶǳһǱѣǴĺ̫ˡ
ȵ۾ѵĺҪΪ۾Ͼվ۷ǿߣʵֱ׷ʥȻ˵ֻǿʥĴ·뿪ʱֻһЩͽܺˣûƻӰ϶һЩˡ
Ҳһ۾ĽмıֶΡ
߲ͬʮλߣȻͬûдﵽ۾̶ֳȡ
һǱѣǾǿ϶᲻ϧһдش
Ͼû۾ʵֻشŪһ޴Ͷ״ԺӶŻõӡ
ԣӪȼƻôҪ飬Ӱ۾ȻҪǡ
ȼ裬ǵڼ飬ôǵӪȼƻѾӶ֪ˣǿ϶ܿǡ
Ӱ۾˵ԣҵıھʹʥǸѪħؾʦʥǡ
۾ԳԾʦ֣ıѾʥˣ
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ҶҲһ֮ɫʦ֣ѵδ֪𣿡
ǺǣǵûУֻǶģһѡӮˡӰ۾Ц
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ڹӰ۾뿪֮߶仯ʥǵӣϢֻҪԲ鿴ʥҲʥǡ
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սҲкôģΪڣʱ϶ְæ
Щӵܶ԰۾ˬҲῴߣԱðæ
οʱҲǰ۾
ȻټѪħͶϣԼѹܹάסսľ档
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ɫһ䣺۾ʵǿ󣬻ܹס
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ŮҲԪΣյĵطҵһ
еǵߴģŮ͸۾Ǽ߲Ǻܾ֮ǰ𣬻߹͹ħ
ǳϡ٣Ͼڵս֮оͱˣУҲҵˡ
ʣµģҲڸΣյĵطŮְ벽ȥΣա
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ô˵Ҷ϶еƣ˵±й¶ȥ뵽Խˡ
Ҷӵôսаˡ
£ʦһѲأһ߼Լٵĵϣܹһ̤۾硣
ʵϣ۷ߣѾ˵۾εıԵѾһֻ˽ȥ
ǲıֻһƻԵҪԪܳɹãҲͳɹˡ
񵱳ŷƽңãΪ˵۾
Ӱ۾Ͱ۾Ҳǻ۲ټԪټϸֻԵſ۾Ρ
ȥɽɽжʱҵñסҶ뿪֮󣬱ǰ˰ɽ
ҪɽۣҪݴ½ĺܶᣬڰɽڷչǵĸݵأʧ
ȻҶҪִɽʱһֻ޴ƴ޾ǿ̽ŻϢҶͰɽһˡ
ŷƽң
Ҷ


һǧİٰʮ һս
ǳƸ񷡣
ŷƽδһֻƱѾǿգƥھ֮ϺƵֹͬǺкӿ
ȻѾڴˣҶ֣
ƽƸǲ񷣬µϢǿգһΰݺݵسҶѹȥ
ŷƽң
ҶһֱӭȥɫȭͷƥһȭƲ񷣬ݺݵֻ޴ơ
䣡
غ顣
ŷƽҵľ޴ƾȻҶˣǽɫȭͷͷ·һɫ̫Ƚɫ̫Ҫҫۣƥΰǿնڷڡ
찡
ɽ龪֡ҡ
ɽ۶־ؿ񷣬ֱҶӰʱŸеϲѡ
Ҷϵܣɽ۶ʱ
ϸ£Ҷڣû˿ԹưɽҶ쵭˵
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ﵽһҲ޷ľ硣
ףѾԽ׾磬ΪˡҶ촫
ҵ졭ɽԵһ˶ˡ
ڴʱһ޴ӰԶǿ̤ÿһһƥںƵţ˵鶼ھ
Ҷ죬ôĿҵҪһ½ߣܹ±סɽŷƽұ˫֣̤նͬƥ
˫Ŀ貣ڷ磬ߴ䲻Ǻļӳ֮£
ʱ𾪺ͷڣ𾪵ĲŷƽҪɽҶȻΪˡ
ʲôߣ
ǳԽ״Բ߾磬֮еԲűΪߡ
һΪߣǾվ۷壬棬һһǿߡ
𺳵ʱҶһʧܵķˣûҲˣȻܳΪߣֱˡ
򣬶ΪŷƽҵĻеȻ
ҶʱѾǿ֮ϣסŷƽҵĽŲΪŷƽ߹ôԵסŷƽң֮սನɽˡ
ȻŸոսߣǶԸһ½ĵ۾Ѿ㹻ˡҶ˵ޱȣǿա
Զе𾪲ѣҶһ½ߣȻһ㶼ŷƽ۾ֱ漣
Ҷ촴漣ѾˣȻе˼飬Ҳľˡ
ҵҪʲô£ߣɱӶһλߣŷƽұһߡ
ŷƽŭЦһȣٶʩչƽơ
һΣȻ⹥ˣȫ֡
ʱյľ޴ƣϵرֱռ˰ǿգֹͣţǿͰԵϢ鶼Ϣ
ɣŷƽЦһѹ£ǳǿնڲ
ʵҲǰţҶһֱӻһ񵶣ɢϢһɺ޾Ŀֲ⣬ضˡ
ŷƽͫ΢΢һܵҶһĿ£ǼֱΪ֮ľ
ôܣСӲŸո̤߾磬ôܻӵսŷƽ־ŭг˼ʵĻ档
ҶĴʦֹӰ۾̤۾֮УԶԶس
Ҷʦ۾̤۾֮ҲԶԶس
ڣҶһССߣȻҲӵбȼսЩԽܡ
ƽ£һƣŷƽҴֱӽԼ߶۷壬һֻ޴̺һƽµĴǿգ˶棬ƥ
䣡
Ҷ컯񵶴һռ⾳һͬĩգеһУһ㣬ռ
һ˲䣬ս飬ɵ֮пԼĳʼǸոյʱӣǸտʼʱ
һ˹ȥֽǴδ
ȻԸıʱ䣬Сʱ䷨Ȼŷƽ𾪣Щš
Ǿһƽײһ˫˭Ҳκβ˭ںϵһ𱬷˶ˡ
һ֮£˾Ȼƽɫ
Ҷ˵Ѿҫ۵սڷڡ
Ƕŷƽ˵ֱǳ衣
ΪҶֻһߣһǸոսߣһλ۾һλ߸ϵĵ۾
һ۾Ȼһߴƽֱ֣ĳ衣
ŷƽɫǺˣг˼ʵĻͷŭҶʦֵܵ츳Ȼһһ
۾Ҳôһ½߶򲻹ʷһ۾ˡҶһ֮ɫ
Ҷ죡ŷƽûðɣٴγ֣Ҷɱ
ߣҶһ㣬ֱӭȥ
ǿ֮ϱ˾춯صսǳľʣǳ𺳣ս鶼ˡ
ƾе쳣ս˭Ҳκβ˭
ŷƽһƸǲ񷣬ǳˣʱռ䶼ݲǿɲһơ
Ҷһ񷣬նǿգƥռݿһ㣬硣
ŷƽҵƽƸκβҶ죬ռǳ£չֳâֱƵ۾ѷɫ
ɶ񣡡
ŷƽҼֱף棬Ȼ޷նɱһ½ߣһСƳƽ֡
ĳ裬ܸӰ۾Ͱ۾Ҫķζըˡ
Ҷĺֿµĵŷƽޱ𾪣ûǿĵǵǿĵ۾ŷ۾Ļ𵶵ҲԶԶȲҶĵ
۵ĻѾ̤ʥεŷʥҲȲҶ졣
ŷƽҼֱš
찡Ҷϵ̫ˣȻŷƽҴƽ֡Զսİɽۣ˷ܡ
ҶʧܣĵӦþˣϾҶ˺ܴĹռ˳Ҷ컹ʧˣʧȥһɽ
û뵽ҶȻΪߣһ˶漣벻Ҷڳʧܹ֮һΪߡ
濪Ψһһ漣ˡ
Ҷ죬һŵĴ档
Ҷ졭ȻӵսֱšԶǿ֮УʯҲӦһսĽʱ𾪲ѡ
гüһĸ߲ǣȫһսˡ
Ҷһսһսվ۷塣
ս֮˳ƺҶΪս˼ҶȻߣȴѾӭս۾
˽Ҷƽ˼Ҷ߾磬۾ƽ
ƺűŷƽ֪ˣֱѪΪΪƽҵ۾Ҷȴƽⲻǰڡƽ


һǧİٰʮһ Ҷ
ȻսƽⶼЩͨţûеõԼҶ챾˵ͬ
գ飬Ҷ챾˵
֣ΪҶյĳƺš
ȣҶֵоʹһ족Σͨߣ˵ҶеĵλŽС
ǰ޹ˣߡ
֣Ӵ˱ΪҶĳƺš
ˣǽҶոϡ


Ҷ翴Զǿա
ŷƽѾˣΪٴȥҲֲʤֻܴŲʣ뿪ˡ
ҶҲû׷Ϊݴ½޷ŷƽҡ
ңʱҶе۾Ҳڸݴ½Ҳǲ֮
ͬ۾ҲӦڸҲûг֡
Ӧֻһ̽սں档˵
Ҷŷƽ֪ҽߣһߺ󣬾ʥǣμ߻顣˲μӻˣ֪ҽߵϢ
Ҿ֪۾ǰЩ֮УҲпסˡ̾
ôͳ֣Ͳ±¶𣿡ҶԵЩɻ󣬾ŷƽ̽Ҳһɣǻ޷ȷڼ顣
ǹŪ飡ߵ֪ڼ飬ܹô죿һ̲Щ۷ߣֱ֧ȥ̲飬ǾǲǣⲻǰӶǱߴ𣿡
ѹ֣Ļն񰡣ҶȻǵ͹ЩϼһǻۣϾԪҪǿöࡣ
̽˳ǻ¼ɣҡһǾͻȫˣҹǵӪȼƻҲ¶ˣϣӰ۾ܹ˳ɡЩǵ˵
ȻˣǲȳôûаżϸӶ𣿡Ҷɻ
ʲôǰ벽֪𣿰벽һֻѾ𾳽磬Ůʱ䷨򣬶̤𾳽ˣֻҪڣû˿Ӷ簲żϸЦ
ʵϣҲӶ簲ŹϸǵŮ벽֮ЩϸĪʧˡ
ʣȫŮˡ
ȳ֣ǵڼ飬һ߲㣬һʲôƻ޷ǣֻܽԷ˵
֪Щ۷֮мϸϣɡҶЩأЩ۷߶֧κһɻԵѡ
˱ôⳡսͲôˣذɡ
һЩŵ˵ﵽ߾磬Щ۷ߣ־ǳᶨ㱳ѡ۾ҲһλŮ͸һѡѵġ磬ʲôȨƶҪˣԸᱳѣŮʲôô
ֻһãھԲӦɣŷƽҪˣʲôҶ˵
˵ͷ漴Ҷ죬Ц˵κŷƽһսǸ˲ģ֮ǰЩź͵ǵߣղŶҷϢ˵ʮˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ
ĵӱԶӶ磬ıǸ߲սҶȵ۾ĳǿߣȻˡ
ŷƽҵһսȻûзֳʤȴʿ
෴ӶǱߵʿȴ½˲١
Ͼһ۾Ȼκβһߣֱܴ衣

Ӷ硣
۾ŷƽңߣ۾˿顣
ɶû뵽ҶǸСȻһ죬Ϊߣһôǿʵ֪ˣҾ͸ᡣŷƽŭ˵
̾ȥ޵׾Ҿ˳ֹʱʮʦֹˡʧܣҾûˣ˭뵽ܹΪߡ
۾Ҳ̾˵ͽܣһŷǸһ̳ͽܣһһǿ󣬳Ǹʮ⣬˲ߣǵ۾ʵȺհ
Ǻǣŷʥͽܣǿȫ涼ġЦ
ŷƽߵڿɲ˵ʱҶСҵʵʥǣѹסߣǸô죿
ûҪģ
ߵЦҪȳʥǣֻùӰ۾ǰȥѪħһ۾Ȼǰսߵ۾ܿճ
ǣһʹթûִӪȼƻ߰۾ûǰսأŷƽ˵
Ȼ߲֮ڼ飬ĸ߲㻹͹Ӱ۾Լ۾Ҷˣ˽¾ʲôЩһʱҲ֪
һȷòߵ˵ͷ˵
һԵ۾˵⻹򵥣ħ˳֣ս̽۾͹Ӱ۾ڲڣȷˡ
ҲãŷƽҶʱ˵ͷ
˵Ⱥ۷ҲǳֻҪˣܵסŷƽҡʱҶ֣ҲܵסҺ۾ˡ
ԣڴ֮ǰǵɱ۷ߡŷƽЦ
ǾʹӽʼɣĹǿ󣬶в󡣶ķһ۷֮ɱ׳ɹ߳˼Ƭ̣˵
ҲԣǱСһΪ۾ǵڶŷ۾͹Ӱ۾ǰ۾ǰŷƽһ˿ʡ
Ϊ˷ֹ͵ϮӶ󷽣ɱְ߳ɡ۾ŷƽ˵
ߺŷƽҶû
ҲǵӶѣԱҪ׼Ͼûôǿߣһܵ˲ͻᱻƣһλ۾Էһ
۾ʵǿӵʥˣֵܹõѡˡ
ԸһߣȻ۷ߣŷƽҾаգοһˡ

ħ
׻۾һ˫ڵ棬˸ŻϢ
Ҷ챾һ壬һ˼룬Ҷ߾֮Ҳ̤߾硣
ʱһϢѾʧˣɲ⡣
׻Ǻܺõؽ
ˣȻһ
ף󣬽޳䴫ˡ
ɣ׻˻֣žԶˣӭһ꣬ǽ޳
޳ףȻüͷһ壺ôȻоһƵġ
㿴˰ɣ׿ЦΪ߾磬θˣҲﵽһµľ磬ý޳ܵˡ
Ҳ޳ǳ֪̫ǿˡ
ˣԴӶ翪ս֮㲻Ǽʵôпʵ
޳ŷӦЦ˵ħ𾭹һ飬ǽħˣֻ˽롣˵ˣǱ֪ͨ㡣
Ҳͽ޳ǵһߣȻ۷ߣʵҲǳǿ


һǧİٰʮ Ԥ
ħأͶ֮أԼؾһһǳضҪĵط
ײ²⣬ӦҲǾŪģҲһ
ֻǣħħ˶ܽȥοЩˡ
Ƕʲôϣˣû뵽ʱħȻͬǽУֱ
Щ⡣
ħزǽֹ̤ħôͻȻͬˣײɵʵ
޳ЦЩ˼ô֪ҹӦʲôԭ򣬷ĻҲȵڣǽȥֻǽˡ
ô˵ܹȥҲǵЦ˵
ҲùʲôԭˣֻҪҵǼʱȥݴ½ϲݴ½ǿˡ
ţҲôģԾ֪ͨˡ
޳Щص˵յϢӶԼħѾˣڲľƷǳţһǲһֱħΪһȥΪֻΪڻҡ
ǾŬΪɣ˵
Ҷͬһˣ֪ڷһ飬ǽ޳Զħ򣬷յϢ
Ҫ֪ħúԶȶԶö࣬Ϣǳ㡣
ǿյϢҲǺܼʱģһڡ
Ϊʱ޳Цڱ˿ǳΪףվ۷塣Щǿ߱ȣǻСӣҪԪĻ۲С
йˣҲи߸Ӷţھʱħ߰ɣǼ΢΢һЦ漴뽣޳һſסĵطȥ
ƺڵȴǣЦ˵ãϾͳһħڣǾˡ
ħǺεѵʳ𣿡޳ȵ
ˣħħ˶ܽȥƺħûȥͻȻǽȥһǺܺ档ȻͻȻҲѱǲᷴˮ
Ҫ֪ħɱȶǿˣͽ򡣶ڣңʱ򣬶Ҫˡ
Ц
ǰʹħ򣬶ԷɶǿͿģһΣԷûôõ̬ˡ
ҪѪħΣڣħֱӷˡ
ƶܲ
ЩħҲ˵ˣƺҪħأֻǿ˵ħһһһַǳûκεĹͷֻԤԵĹܡֻԤԵгֵˣŻᱻħء޳˵
ħ˼꣬ʱ䶼ԶħҲǳ˽ˡ
ϢҲ˵˵Ǽһ澵ӣħĴʼġ⾵ԤԣħڻûоʲôѣӵС򣬵ڳΪ˽ĵĴ򡣡˵
ľԶȻȽ޳Ǹ˽ħʷ
֪ǲΪ澵ӵгʲôħŻǽȥ޳˵
ҿǾͱҲ²ˣȽȥɣħħûȥԪȥҲһٸǳΪߣߵ۾϶ʲôԵ
Ц˵ĵĻǼҪʱʱһȥǶӰ̫ˡ
˵öԣ߰ɣ
Ц˵

ɵ
ϥĿǰһͭžǾ棬˿̳Ӱ׺ͽ޳
Ӿ浹ӳľ޳ڽħء
浽ˣҲɢˣȻ¿ʼ
ৣ
һӳ棬ħһͭž漴ߵҪСӽħأ
ħ𣬵Цô׼˽ȥ
ħٴοһͭžߵ⾵涼˵ʦԤԣʲôʱ
Ǿʹˡ
̾Ǹħʱͭž¶ԤˣʱΪˣǲûִԤԡԤԲϵس֣Ȼʦˡ
;Լѡ񣬿᲻Сϡû뵽ǶˣʦԤԣʵ̫ˡħ̾
ԣֻǽȥˣѵ㻹Υʦ𣿡ߵ
ҿɲңħЦֻ˽ȥҲ֪ʦôġ
ˣĿǰƣǻҪˣ͵һðɡ˵
ߣңŷʥʥѪħԺ˭˵֪أԼҲûжˡħЦ
˵տͭžħһһ޴ʦصԵ˵ġεԤô֣ҾСӻõʦϿɣ
ˣСҲ½ףܽħصڲֻ߲ܣȥҪǼҲߵʵСЦ
ϣ˰ɣħЩĳ˵ʦҲǵģȻһ罻ǣҪħ档
ʦô˼ҵĵǾͱڴˡ𵭵˵
˻֣һƬɫĹĻǰ¶޳ס
ʱһħߵĴ£޳ħȥ
ħغ֣һλ֮еʯţǳĹϣʯϵķţ˸߲ʹâ
֮⣬Χûκεķ󷨶ûС
ѵǾͲ͵͵ħ𣿡޳ɵÿħߡ
ЦǱѡߣħλҲ޷ʯţʵںܾ֮ǰǿ̽ӹǶȥ
𶼽ȥ޳𺳡
ħĴʼ߿һλǳǿ𣡡׳޵
ǵȻλħһȻ漴ߴٵǿȥɣãȻǱѡеˡ
޳漴ʯŷȥǽʯŵʱ˶ʧһƬ߲ʹâ֮С
Ҳ֪ʲô飬Ȼѡˡλħ߿ʯţʡ
ɵ֮УǰĹĻʧˣʵҲ޷̽ʯڵľ
ȰɣҵҪСʲô£ֵܹʦ˿ءħЦҪĴǼҲһ£ǵʵ
ô㻹Υʦ𣿡ü
ҿɲңħЦʦҲû˵ǼȻ˼û˵ҲΥ
Ҳ֧֣Ҳ֡𵭵˵
ߣ֪ΪԸСޣò֡ħߵ


һǧİٰʮ 
ʯ֮ڣ貵ǿգһ֡
ǰһɫֺ֮Уһ̷꣬ŵɫĳۣһʯǰЦſ׺ͽ޳
˭޳ʵû뵽ħ֮ڣȻҲˡ
ֵǣħؾȻֻһƬ֣ôƽ֮ȫӡ
ҲԵúܾ棬ͬʱҲǳ𾪣Ϊ͸ǰΪ
Ҫ֪Ѿߣұȼ۾Ȼ޷͸ԷΪ
ʥҲûʵ
Ǵ˵е
Խ壡꿴Ž޳гܹͣ߳ռʵһǿߵУһλӡ
ô֪ռ޳ɵ𾪡
ͬʱҲ뵽֣ⲻǴ˵еħʼ
ԭҲȻ򣬶ԷħĴʼߣǵȻˣѹ͸
µõֻһڴˣԲǱ塣
Ԫźͽǿߣûһ˵Ľǿ󣬳˴˵еռ֮⣬ʲôЦ˵
ԭħĴʼߣ޳ǰ޳΢΢˹Էֵһ
ǺǣһҾˡȻҲװ£Ȼһָռ΢΢Ц
޳һϲ
ȥԱʯ̨ɣҲõʱ󣬿ʮԪʱ䡣漴ָԱߵһʯ̨˵
ʮԪ޳һ𺳣ǶԷ²ţһЦ
һԵףⱬ䣬ʯ̨
Ȼʱ󣬺ؾһģһжʱһ
û뵽Ȼ;һԲóǿʱ
ȥɣЦЦ
޳Ȼ˿һԵף˵֪ʱǷˣ
Ļһж
Ҫ֪׵ݺͽ޳ദ޳֪Ҷ졣
΢΢ЦСӵʱֻһˣİɣĻԵԲС
޳ԶʱȻˣҲԣ׺һģûֻһ˺ô
£޳״кȥʯ̨ˡ
ʮԪʱ䣬½˵ĻԵ
ٳΪǿߡ
䣡
޳һʯ̨£һ߲ʹâ㽫ʱһС
ǰʱֻʣˡ
ǰףо˸漴Ц˵ѣҵô꣬û뵽Ȼֻһ߷ҡ
֪ңɫһ䣬Ŀռ忴ûʲôݣԷӦ֪Ŷԡ
ҺദԪתϢһǼǵοϣееϢ棬ҲֻҿԿóЦ˵
𾪣ȻҲ֪
Һͬڵ˵أЦ
ʲôٴ𾪡
һһէģԪٴ˵棬Ҳֻ壬һ¡
˵գ˻֣ǰʯϣʱһ̡
˧档
塣
һ۾ϳˣеǳ˼飬ˣǵһο⸱Ϥ̣ɵ뵽תݴ½ǰĵʱ⡣
ɣˣһ壬㲻ñһζͷ𣿡Ц˵ͦС
һ棿˵һ𣿡ȣͬʱ֣סǰһԾ
һ壬һ߼̸
ԴӳΪ֮ҾͿʼѰҵ䣬ֱҳΪұ棬ؾûйڵϢ
˵ֱʱճӵʱ򣬲ŷֵڲͬ棬ϧʱճбѹ޷򡣡
Ϊʲô˻棿гɻ
ǰʱ֮ĺͿռ֮ײŴʱճҵһ·Ӷת֪ܲǸȥһģڵǸ֮ҵġ˵
ʲô׳ױˡ
ΪȥһѾںˣǺǣãȳΪһﵽ۷塣Щ˵
𾪵ף˵ȻԸɱҲҪ׷һڿȷɹˡ
Ҳں˶ȥһô˵Ҳߣ׶ʱǰ塣
Ц˵ߣߣҲߣ棬ֻߣߣһȺǣӶǵ׷߰ˡ
ߣһ㶡
Уߡ̧ͷ񷣬˵Դӹ͹ħλ֮ͬھ֮֮ӵɣˡ
֮Բͬʱʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨һ˲ͻ֣ɱˡ
ԪҲ֪жٸ콾޵𣬶ɱҡ֮С

ԵúܷŭŭҪ֮һֹһʱҲᱻܼʶӹˡ
ǰû˷𣿡ײʵ
УȻУǵĵµ־ͬϵˣкܶࡣֻǰûҵȥһҲû˳ɹ
ȭͷ˵ãҵ˶ȥһ㿪ʼͬʱʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ֱҼ˾죬Ҳǰ
ʱѾˣһһλԲһҲ֮ı
־ͬϣ㹲ͬ壬ʼߣ㱻Ϊߡ
˵գסڣǰһЦˡ
׿Цô𺳵Ϣʱﻹ˼塣
Ҳ֪û˼ˣ̣˵֮е־֮ʿкܶģҪǣܹΪǿߣ˭ϣɣ˭Ըյ֮УԣߵĴԽԽӴ󡣡
֮ʲô𣿡漴ʵ
ȻУЦܵв㿪ʼɱߣ̫ˣһԣʼһȺӣǺôǶԿߡ
۷ǿ߶ħжԳ֣ǹ֮͹ħ֮ͬھĵط֮ıԴά֣һĿռ䡣֮صˣԣܶĺɱ
˵


һǧİٰʮ 
ħ磡
װס֡
֣Ϊ֮еô٣Ҵʧԭħ֮ս
Щϵǿܴܲħ漴ʵ
ҡҡͷ˵ѳһǲҳһͻᱻ֮ϣϾҲֻһں˶ȥһ֮Ⱥǣߴ谭Ǹ
֮ߴִߴǿߣһﵽ𾳽磬ͻǰħսͬһҲڰǿߡ
˵
ô˵ԪҲ˺ܶˣЩ𾪵˵ΪЩԪٳ𣬵ڿЩʦһ־ͻȥħ硣
󲿷½ӪżһЩҲᱻȣֻѡ֮һ
ЦЩ˻ĿǳΪԶһʵֻܶһʱ
ں˶ȥһѵû취Ϊ֮𣿡ʵ
Ϊ֮ѣ棬ͳΪ֮ˡ˵ңԲ𣬶ܳΪ֮ǡ棬ܷ֮û棬츳ٸߣҲ޷ȻҲ޷Ϊ֮Ȼ˵
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ڿٵĵֻСɾ磬ɾʱܹΪˡ͵ܹԲ磬ԲϣǾǽǿԳΪ֮ˡ
֮⣬Ȼ߽֣֮ʵϴҶͬһ纣纣ϵĻִУ̺֮ǧֻҪһ֣ܳΪ֮
Ϊ֮ķܲ

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һҪβܳΪ֮ײʵ
ֻг֮ķЦ˵֮Ҳ޵еģϾֻ֮ǰ֮ңľ󲿷棬ԣʣµʵţֻҪŽ֮ġ
˵տף˷ܵ˵ǰֻһں˶ȥһԺѻ֮㣬һΣһԳɹ
뿴һǳɹʱ򲻹ܹΪ֮֮ЩԲ𣬶лΪ֮ǺεȵʢֱĻԻʱ̡˷ܲѡ
ҲҪӵǰΪУ֪Ҫȴꡣ׿Ц
ҶԪˣֲںʱ䡣ЦЦ
漴ƣĶʱֳһȻƯ֮Уɢһ߲ʹâ
һɻĿֲϢʱ׸еľ
ĿɿڴǣȻӣǳ졣
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׵ɴ۾ϳ˴
ǰⶫϵġڡһս֮õĴڣǰϲŻС
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ǺǣҪһʱȱһǿĹֶΣұ뵽ⶫٺ٣ⶫȶĴڿҪǿˣҪǷɱ𶼿õЦ
׵˵ͷⶫݴ½ϣôݴ½Ĺǿ˲ֹһ㡣
Ȼݴ½Ѿں˹Ե̣󷨵ޣǱϾֻ󷨣һЩȱݵġ
ڣڹ棬ȫˡ
ⶫڿԴ߶𣿡׺Ȼʵ
Լ֮Ĳͬڣݴ½Լǿݴ½ʹãҲһǿ
ȻԣѾ̤߾磬ȵ۾Ѿǿʹˡҹƣʹսܿ۷ʥˡ
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ڵĹǳ£һģԼϵػѾԪ׷οµĹˡ
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츳һͻƾ۷ߣӶ統ȻɵЦ˵ֻЦ֮г˱ɱ⡣
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ʱһأֲĽһĽâ˺ŷƽҵľ޴ơ


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ŷƽǵĵһĿȻǽ־ŭϵҶ죬ͬʱԦŽڵλüٸȥ

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ֱӾǣһλ۷ߣʧء
˵һ֣Ѿ·ˡ


һǧİٰʮ 
ɶ񣡡
û뵽ȻǼϸ
û뵽ᱳǡ

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ʮ۷ߣսڲ
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ŷƽһƣǿӣŽץ
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δ䣬ݺݵغɳȥ
Ĺӽ۾Σûз֮ȫһʱش
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ҿӵеƫʥǵĻôղŸܻס
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شʱҲ¶ԭͣʥǵӡ
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漴뵽һֿܣԭ֪мϸڷңӰ۾ѾʥǸѪħ˰ɣ
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ɣԶǿ֮Уһ
һ̣һ貵

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ʯü˵Ҳ޷ȫˡԣڿʼֻԭأܵӶĹ뿪صĵط
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ӵϢҶʯǶˣֱš
û뵽Ҳˡ
ܹ⣬ԼСĵ㡣
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һ亹ҿҶĻȻĻ·ˡ
ڴʱǰձ飬һɫӰǰ
ףˣʱȣЩš


һǧİٰʮ ɱ
ףܣ
ףǴһϾӦħŶԣôͻȻ֮
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һͿжϣϸԪȷֻλ񣬷޷ս
Ϊˣһ½ףǲûע̫ࡣϾҶĽܣЩѰҲûֹˡ

˵
ԣ˸ŲŵĹâôһ˵׻ǺҶ൱˻һôܣʲôʱ


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ԣҶ켴ûŮ𣬶˲ϳ
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һͷ£ǰǿնը𣬸û赲ɫͷĽ١

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ҶֻŹӰ۾ܹ˲佫ʥ͵ʥŷʥУֻҪλ۷ʥع飬ŮҲ˿塣


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һսҶ׶档
򣬵ڴ̴ս
˶֪ʵֻһˡ

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Щݴ½ŶǱܴ󣬽һɳĶ

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ߣ˭֪ǺŮǲǴͨõġѪħʼߵʵҲżҲ޷ʥŷʥһⳡսֻŮʥƵһıôһʥŷʥѪħΣˡ
磬ıʵ̫ˣԲ˿⡣
οѵôõĻסʥŷʥֻҪڼһЩ£ȫпɱǿС
ԣ׷ġ


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ԣʥãҲҶһϣҲ˵
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ߣʵȼ۾̤۾Σôʵ϶Ҳȼʥˡ
ʱټݴ½İ֮Уλ벽κβˡ


һǧİپʮ ͽ
ӣҶ쿪ʼ
Ѿ̤߾磬ȻܹﵽԲ磬˵Ҳǳá
ңѾ̤߾磬ٲٶȷǳ졣
ͬʱҶҲʼʮ˷ħֺ걦䡣
Ѿȱʱ䣬ȫԷеʱ䡣
ˣҶ컹ڼʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨
пռһ򣬵Ҳ÷ֹ̫࣬ٶҲ
ʱڲ֪š
úսϢŮعˡ
ʱһĸ߲㶼еѹǣŮûд˹
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Ҷ죬ʵȵ۾ӵǾսΣʥ漴˵
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һԵŷʥЦ˵ͽ㻹ûȥսɣûоսĥͽΪߣ㻹ǵһ
ãҲȥսҶ˵ͷսҲܹЩжʥ۾ĥһ£ֶΪ
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Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴ʵŮҲصսӶʧܣ֪ʲô㣿
ʲô㣬Ҫѧϰٳڰ˴򡣺ߣʥߵ
벻ףǵȾ磬úô̰Ȩƣĵλ㲻ҪӶ磬ܸ߸ϡŷʥüеɻ
ҶҲеɻҪŮʵ˵ͳһˣͳһ棬ûһȤ
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ԣҶ벻ŮΪôȲΣĿⲻ˶ǳ϶Ŀġ
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ʥ˵գ˵ԣҾÿһ꣬;һսңֻҪλϵǿߣҪǿͽǰ͵ˡ
ǹڱˣǺǣŷʥЦ˵
кܶǿǲԸͽģϾͽܣҪֳһЩ˼̵ʱͽΣˣҪȥӭӣ֮һͽܣкܶ鷳
Щǿ߶˼֮УȻͽܣֻһЩΪڼ޷ͻƣŻѡͽܡ
ǱĳţŻĶ
һʥ벻նС
ɣȵŮĵڰ˴򿪱ٳɹĸֱ㱻ˣʱٵս͸ˣԱҪǿʵ
ʥ˵գҶ죬ЦҶ죬Ҳ⣬Ҳͽܡʦͽܵ涼ǽ֪ģͽܵģΪȻĺܺãڽͽ棬Ҳ·硣
ʥѾͽˣͽѾΪףͽСڶѾֻ̤ʵˣһΪߣһ۷ߣͽܲһ㣬Ҳһ󷨴ʦҾͲͽ˰ɡ
ҶЦ
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Ǻǣ˵ϼһкܶûͽ˰ɣҿӦҪͽġŷʥЦ˵
ʥЩΣǰҲչͽܣмʮһ߶ûߵҲֻһ״Բǿ̤λײΣҲ޷ˡ
ΪĵһˣƿߣеǳΣǾͲͽˡ
οŷʥ̵ֽһǿߣʥҲˣһսǸҪҸͽˡ
Ҷԣɵһæ˵ʥҵмܺõѡܸ㣬֪Σ
ŶСôõԴңǸʦ𣿡ʥԣЩɵؿҶ졣
һԵŷʥЦϼһͽܻҪɣͽ㻹ǸΪʦˣĻᱻ̣ˡ
ιιιԪˣɲܵ˰ʥʱˣ漴æҶ˵Ҷ죬˵˵Ǽţ
ݴ½һЩţӦҲڶѾΪˣǰӶģӶѣҲͺǱ߶ϾϵˡҶ˵
ݴ½ȺŶͬСɣһʦָ㣬ǿ϶١
˵ǰȺС޵ȷɣǸҶʥСޣҪˡʥԣ漴Ц˵
Ҷһ㶣û뵽ʥȻҶʥ
Աߵŷʥߵһǻ滹Ӷ磬Ҷʥӣɡ
ҶȻ


һǧİپʮ 
ʥʵɲصģЩݴ½ĳڷʱھͺһǾ˺ܶ࣬ǲܱġ
Ҷ֪ʥĵ֮Ц˵
һԵŷʥҲߵǣͽܿ˵۹⻹Ǻ׼ģ֪ô
ҲǲҶ죬ֻֻҶʥǸСޣϸ۲֮ȫԽΪ֮ҽ̵õġˣҲŷûô˼ٽ̵ˣȰҶʥ̵˵
ʥЦ
ŷʥԵ˵ͷ˵ҶʥǸСҲȷԣðɣͽˡ
ҶҲǳˣԼܹʥΪʦǺôԺܶࡣ
ļţȺ۷ͽɣѾۺ첻ˣˡʥЦ
ţ۷Ҳ㹻̵ˣֻҪܹܹ֮һߣҲ׬ˡŷʥ˵ͷ
ˣʦͽİɣȥҶʥǸСˣһҪһ߳һ۷ߡʥ˵գ˱Ѿʧˡ
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ҶʦֺʦжŲᣬɵһɻ
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ʦ𡭡
۾۾Щʪ
ŷʥЦ˵ԪϼһˣŮ鳤ˣֻҪסΪʦԶվһߣκ鶼Ϊʦæ
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Ҷ֪ʦҪعˣжʱЩᣬǵ˵ͷ˵ʦģԺսʱܼ档
ţȻȥҲս۾˵ͷ漴ɢȥ
ѾȶҲǿˣ԰۾Ҫعˡ
Ժİ۾İ۾ˡ
ԴˣûκԹޣΪ۾µĹͣκ˱졣
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ʲôҶ𾪵ؿӰ۾
Ӱ۾ЦſҶ죬˵СʦܣҪ̫ȣ֮Укܶߡж򣬶пߡ
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˵ֻҪһ֣Ҫܵɱ
ŷʥɻ󣬽͵ҪǰһߣΪӣҲܹߵ²֪ҺʥȻ֧ߣʵڰҲһֻ۱һֻۣĬǵĴڡ
ԭˣҶ˵ͷŷʥʥҲ֮ܵѹƣֻΪûУԲûйȻߣǳΪ֮Ҳһɡ
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ڣ棬ֻʣһˡ

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漴˵ҲΪˣĻһʸءЩصıҲˣ
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˫ʵ̫ˡ
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Ȼˣػܱ浽ڣǰѵû˴صע𣿡Ҷ쾪ȵ
˸޷ǵأǿռ䷨زڲռ֮УҪͨһЩռ䣬ҵõһ㣬ֻһ˲֪ˣ𣬶ҵõ
˵Ϊռֲ̫ˣͬռ䷨֪·ֻͨһ̽顣ռ䣬Ҫ̽ĵãĻҪ²ҵĵЩŲɵء
ԭˣҶʱЩˡ
Ŀռ䷨ÿһؼ㣬Ȼռ䷨𣬲֪Ƿռ䷨ı


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Щʵǿޣףλ׵޶С
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ѾǿɭֵҶ췢Ŀռηǳ࣬һ򣬶̺ǧǧĿռ䣬˿ռ䷨򣬶ԴĦʵ̫ˡ
֪ⶼŪģΪıǱһء
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ɫԭһƬ߲ʹâ֣ڲԭģһʧȥϢĲϹ
ǳӴ󣬸ƣҶѾˣֻʣ¹ͺͺɣɢһ΢ȴûһϢ

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ĵҿϣһ壬ûڿĿˡ
˵
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ʹ޵ΣͷҪĹ¶֮У
һƬ
Ҷҡͷ̾һ·Ҳ˲ҶҴȥЩԼܺõǣ츳̫Դջ޷û֮С
ԣǳܹĴʱ˿̵顣
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ͬʱһɫĹţϷɳҶ
ˣҵϣܹһˡ
Ҷɫ֮иܵǿҵĿռ䷨򣬶ʱµʲôˣɵæмлǰģֻҪһ죬ԲһϾ
û˵Լ֮С
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ⲻԼж򣬶İγɵ
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ҵĿռ䷨ͻؼһ㣡Ҷ˸˷ܵĹâû뵽ΰأȻ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪һҶҪʮٸԪͻơ
һȴǽʡ˺ܶʱ䡣
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Ҷڴ˵رչأռ䷨Ҳռ֮С
ͬʱһ뿪ٵĵ֮У֮УֻЩ߲Żôɡ
֪ʲôЧ
Ҷдһ˿ڴʼںϣǰʱ䷨ľ飬ںϿռ䷨ǳٶҲܿ졣
ûãҶ㽫ԼĿռ䷨ռ֮УͬʱоԼΪࡣ
ԭ߳ڣߺڡ
־޴Ҷ־ϲʵû뵽Чôá
ҪԼҪ߳ڽڣٵڣǹҪǧԪС
ڣںϿռ䷨ˣֲֿٶȼֱ
ڵʵӦú൱ˡҶһԼڵʱ˷ܲѡ
߱ǵ۾ڣǺڿҪӽ۷壬ԱҶ컹Ҫǿһ㣬ǲಢ
Ҫݴ½ĻҶţԼʵǿ󣬶ӽŷʥʥˡ


һǧİپʮ 
ȥʮ꣬ŽĴУһʵﵽ״Բ۷壬¶һ֮Ϣ
ҶǳѾһֻ̤߾磬вɵ
뵽ԷһλҶҲȻˡ
ֻϣõ֮û뵽õĴУľϲЦ˵
ڲ̤״Բ磬һֻſ߾磬Ϊ߶˵ֻʱ⣬ԺкܴΪ۾ʥ
һλĴУǷǳ˲ãڻûȫգΪ϶ܹࡣ
һˣ߰ɣ뿪˵ذɣҶЦ˵ЩĽˣǿһλĴУһȫޱĴС
Ǹ뿪ˣ
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̫̰ˣõĺôѾˡҶЦ
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ݴ½˵ǳס
ֻ̫ǿˣҪַأǼõΪΧĿռһ𣬸Ҳ·
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ԴӴӶָֻ֮˺ƽȶҶҲҶ˺ݴ½ľ»ص˰ɽչ
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ֵȤ
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ʦæλøҶ죬漴ЦҵǱ̫ȲСʦܣ׾֮󣬾ҲԽˡңֲȥսƴԱһҲܰҶҷչ
СӾ֪͵ҶЦҲܹ⣬Ͼ̵ǱޣܹΪѾˣǵõԵ򲻿õ
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̺ͰɽһȻһЩȴǾ԰ȫ
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뵱Ǹմݴ½ɽʱ򣬲ͷǳĽɽ𣬶԰ɽΪĿꡣ
ڣ֮кܶѾԽ˰ɽۣѡΪ˰ɽۡ
ʦãھһս۹ͽĶ࣬ʲôӣҲóû¼ͽ漴˵
ŶҲ׼ͽҶЩȣ˼ȴصһ̵ʱʱ̻һֺĺӣ⣬һתۣѾΪףһǸ߸ϵ֮
ڣҪͽˡ
Ҷ첻ɵø̾ʱҲ̫ˡ
ФﶼͽˣʦֵȻ󡣡˵ңû£ΪҲԴʱ̵ӡ
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ФڰɽһѧͽʦҲС
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񵱳ĽŷʥΪ̵ͽܣӶͻһ
ȻǵĻкܴĹϵǽ̵ͽܣҵʱҲ
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˵ʦֻҪ龳ͽܣһսжȡһõΡ
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𣿡̶ʱϲ˵⻹ҪлʦأҪȺСҲ¿ٵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦʵϣղѾ̽鵽Ⱥ뷨ˡ

ιʶ㣬츳ٸôҲμս
㻹˵ңڵﶼŴ򣬻Ǹ·꣬μս
ˣǳ̴ҶĴӣֻҪǳΪͽܣԺĵһͽǶôҫɱȳΪսһҪôࡣ
ߣսһһҵġ

㳡ϣһȺ۷׷ס
Ц˵ʦ˰ɣҪ¶¶ɣ
ˣʱ֮У㳡ϸû˿
ðɣҶ˵ͷԼͽܣǺܸӵġ
ңҶҲϣܹյԼͽԼһʵǿ
Դϲæһλ񣬷ԸһЩ
úλæȥ㳡ߴźλӡ
һЩս״ɵ֮ġ
˭Ҫˣ
ӵλҪǸߵö࣬Ѳ̴Ҫս
ΪʲôҪ׼λӣ׵𣿡

һȺʱ۷׷ס
Ҷ̳λ֮Щȫɴ۾š
찡ûпǡ
ۣȻˡ
ûҵһμսģԶԶؿķɡ

һʱڲѣ˷ܡ
ͬʱǴȺڱԵСǣŬӡ
ӣˣԱأ츳ȫӳ
죬ˣҪʵˣһҪһˡ
ӣΪʧֻҪΪͽǼԺҲõˡ

еڴȫˡ
ЩڱԵ״Ҳɴ۾š
ȫ˼˷֮С


һǧİپʮ Ԯ
Ҷĵս֮УЩǣȫƴʵһҲأֻΪ˸Ҷһӡ
սգһӻսҲӵľʡ
СӲ̿һˣ˵
츳־УΪ׵ĻСҶҡҡͷ
̽š
ҶڣЩǶӳȫʵһڱԼ츳ΪıҶ쿴С
ף
ͻȻҶĿһˣЦ˵ҷһӵг֮ĵСӡ
֮ģСʦܾӵг֮ģԷǳʺԺܸߣȻٶδؿ죬ǳΪ׵Ļܴ󡣡̶ʱϲ
Сĳɾͣʦ֣Ƿǳ
ԺעҪΪ۷ߵǿڡ
Сӵг֮ġ
գæ˵ʦһ
·Ǹ̷ꡣҶָ̧
̿˹ȥ˲˵ϣܿͶҶ˵ʦСӽɽֵǺҲȷǴһ߳ģҵڣսμˣѹͲ֪ʦĴֻ˵ףĽǰ
֮ģĶУĴͽܰɣҶ˵ͷ˵
ӵг֮ĵˣԲỵˣҲõʦ档
ȻҶҲͽͽʦ棬Ǹ
ǳԽҶ죬ʸ
Ҷһ죬Щ˾Ͳ췴
ʦ𣬻𣿡̼ɽ漴ڴؿҶ졣
ˣ
Ҷһ۵ֱ£ȻװģϾףԴӲúܡ
һ͹ˡ˵ˣɲҪ֮ĸûˣпնСҲǳ֮ģˡҶЦ
˵գҶֱʧˡ
ʦ𡭡ʦ𡭡ôôˡ̽˼漴̾
һ˿ҶȥȻЩʧûм顣
úɽ˴ԸԸϯӡ
ɽһһ㶵ģ漴ϲصͷ
ָǰգ˵ʦҲʦ߲ãͶһݣˡ
ɽ֮ǰҲߵˣʶϾŸո߳һ˶ʶûн룬֪Ҷ˭
ЩսǣԸ򽻵ųȻ
ɽû뵽Ǹ˾Ȼ̵ʦҲʦ档
ʦףʦ¸ǿɽԴӣɵ෴ܴæҶȥķ˰ݡ
ѾȥҶ죬ʱӦɨӶɵȻʧЦ
СӣȻҴΪʦע⣬Ҳգμ棬ʦĵȷҪ͵
ҶЦЦ漴Լװ˳գ͵ɽǰ
ɽڹݣͻȻǰѿ漴һǰɢ۵Ĺâʱˡ
ž
ԱߵԴЦлʦ棬һǵʦ洳սʱģҶ벻Ȼ͸Сˡ
ɽһʱ;ˣ漴æհл
Ҷ΢΢һЦתʧ֮С

ս
һӰǱӴţĺ󷽣һǿϢһƬѪƵģɱڡ
ӲģУû·ӡ󷽴ǹɿֲն𶯡
ߣа۾û뵽ɱңѪħǿҡߵȴǼ
Ȼ۷ߣа۾һλǿĵ۾ʵ߲ǣǿߣһ۷߿Կġ
ֻУյغлӵ
ͬʱѶŷʥŷʥܵа۾׷ɱԮ
ŷʥԲɵüͷɫ
۷ߣսѾ֪ս˶ٸԪΪ͡
ľǿߣ֧Բʧ
Ҫ֪ʮ۷ߣѾˣټ۾ıѣѾԪˡ
ҶټףҪħħԽˡ
ʱ򣬾Բʧһ۷ߡ
ǣ۷ǳΣգǵ۾εǿ߽ȥпܾ¾
ڣʥҪսֻһ۾뿪սľݵ㽫᲻
ʦ𣡡
ڴʱһϤŷʥС
ŷʥʱϲͽá
ôҶɻողս֪ʲô顣
ŷʥæ˵ǰյĴѶѪħа۾׷ɱԮ
ãϾȥҶһ۷ߣԲ䣬ҪԪˡ
ͽ»֪۵ܣʼʱһȺħǿ߱۽棬̶͹չս˫ͬھȴδսѾƲ
ˣҲ̺İΪսһյأ߽ȥΣա
ˣһҪ۵Ĳ־ڣȻû˼룬ȴѹȥʹãͻܵ۲־Ĺ㼴ʥ

ŷʥһ˵꣬ɫࡣ
ʦģʵͻƣ㲻ʹ۾ڵǿߣȻɱа۾Ǿ¾㹻ˡҶŵ˵
ͻˣŷʥ־ϲ漴̾Сӵٶʵ̫ˣҹҪ˶ãܳԽΪʦˡҲãʵ۷۾ˡ
ŷʥʱˡ
ʱھǰۡҶ˵գŷʥҪһսȫͼ㿪ʼۡ
ʵжҲЩ棬Ͼħǳɴġ
ãӦ֮ĳҲУҵһЩ֮ܣ˵Լ
ھ͸۾㣡
Ҷ뿪ʱҲ˳ŷʥҪ˾ĴѶѶ
Ҷ죡üͷһ壬ȻսȴһֱעҲ֪Ҷս졣
ǣҶ֮ôǿ󣬶ǿ
Ҷ챾ΪҲŸո̤߾磬۾ѡ
ҶŷƽҴòʤǴȻ
۲ʹҶ챾ʵҲͱǿһѣôܵصסа۾


һǧİپʮ ּ
뵽Ҷ죬֪ʵǿӵһԱȼʥŷʥѵûи֮Уǲʹģܵ۲ķɣʱ򼴱ʥҪ
ģһʦѾˣҼȻ㣬ȻоԵİգұϵʱڵλáҶ촫Ѷ
Ҷ죬ɲǶϷ㲻Ҫ³çüͷ壬ЩˣΪҶԾ³çֻ
Ҷ΢΢һЦһ㶼ʵҲѹ֣Ͼɳ̫ˣֱһ漣
˵Ҷڵ꣬Ѿˣ÷
ھֻ˲֪ټԪϹʵһǳ۵ĺӣԷȻ
Ҫǻɰ۾͹Ӱ۾ĻǾͲôˡ
Ҷվûսδսû̫ҫ۵սʵʵҲûж֪
ڵ۾սǶĹâˣ֮УʹǾͲһˡ
㲻ңҲ᲻ʦɣʦȻˣ϶Ƕҵʵ֪ķǳҶ漴˵
ĬƬ̣漴˵Ҷ죬Ҳң̫ˣҿɲ뵽ʱҲǣˡȻģǾɣ۵ҷȥһ;еİţŷʥӦø˰ɣҡ
ʲôȥˣҶһŷʥϵУ۵ļطǳĵĵطΣǰһʥ߽жǾһ
۵ǿߣֻ۵ƫҶѣɵ㣬ԱλҲкܴ
Ҳû취а۾׷ɱ̫ˣѹգ޷˲ƣҸӲˣ֮ľ뻹̣Ҫȵֻܽ۵ҡЦ
ǺãСĵ㣬ͼٸ·Ҷ˵չصͨѶ漴ӿٶȣ۸ȥ
۷ǳ޴󣬸źԶգҶ춼ܹȻӰ·һƵ棬ɢһɺޱߵϢ
ҶܹܵڵһƬƺˣ档
֮⡣
ͬʱַ򶼱ųȥ޷ۡ
γһƬյش
һĶۿֻ֮ܽĳɡҶеޱ𺳡
ʲô޵׾ʲôǿɭ֣ǰ۱ǶС׼ף޷Ტۡ
Ҳѹ֣ǹħɻ纣ķ֮Ҫгһ棬Ǹ߲εĲȻǳ
Ѿ׼ˡҶ촫Ѷ漴ۡ
ǳӴкܶڣһܳңа˸ƫңһƫұʮǳôӴ忴ֱһС档
ͨѶҶ֪ǴĸƫҽȥģҲѡƫҽС
һ棬Ҷ㷢˾µİţְŷǳΣ㱻˷Ҳ֪ʲôֻĸ߲Żס
ȻŸĵİţϾıѣʹǰİŶˡ
䣡
ԶһƵͻȻƸӦҶߣʱһ貵⣬Ҷ
ҶһֹɱһͨλˣŸոսʲôҲûȻܵǿĹҲ̫Σ˰ɡ
ѹûλ׾磬봳ۣʵ̫Σˡ
Ҷʵǳǿ󣬼㲻۾ڡ
һ·ֱײƾЩƵ󷨸գҲ赲ĽŲ
ܿ죬Ҷҡ
֮ҶСĽˣΪĲ󷨶˵ߣеʥҪˡ
ԣҶҲҴˡ
СǰҼ;ϵѾˡ
Ŷô죡Щȣ漴˵ãҸոҵһƵ󷨣Ȼǹ󷨣һÿһ£
ãҶû뵽ôãʱˣ£Ҷ찴վָȥ
һ·ϣٲƵ󷨸գҶ첻Ӳƴܿ
䣡
ͻȻǰһɿֲ
һͷųһƬѪǿڣܵһ󷨵Ĺڳ
󷨷ǳ£֮󷢻ӳ˿ֲĹһ˺Ѳ񷣬գǿڡ
а۾ҶһȻûа۾ǴӶԷϢпܾа۾
ѹ־лܣԭа۾ãܵһǿ󷨵Ĺ
ɶ񣬸ҹԶа۾ŭ𣬱Ҫ׷Ͼˣû뵽·յĲ󷨡
ң󷨵ǳǿһʱ䶼Ѳ
ҿа۾ˣһãһʱסˡҶ漴Ѷ
̫ˣóû뿪ʱϲ
õģӦ㡣Ҷ˵ͷܹսȻõˡ
Ͼ治ʹӮа۾Ҳɱһս̫ңСĴʲôǿ󷨣ǾҪùˡ
ûڵа۾ôǿĴڣȴһס
ȻˣǵϾ֮õģֻʣ֮һЩ˿Եֵġ
ǲƵģҪĻˣҲ·һ
Ҷ죬ҳˣأú󣬾Ϣ
ҸӦˣҶ걦䣬ӴޱȣӽʥˣԺܿ͸Ӧ˾Ĵڡ
ͬʱԶа۾ҲӦ˾ϢɵŭӲġ
Ҳа۾סˣʱֻЦа۾ôҲˣŰɡ
˵գҪ뿪
Ȼڴʱһɴ۵Ĺâ˶ûˡ
һƵ󷨣ͻȻգ˭Ҳ벻̫ͻȻˡ
Ӻ׷Ҷ죬Ŀɿڴû뵽а۾Ҫù⻹ּ
עӲа۾Ҳˣһ㶣漴ֻĴЦ
ɶ񣬾Ȼ󣡡ŭӲ֮д˳
Ҷüͷһ壬ɱҪ鷳ΪҪ٣ƲܹӳҲǿ
У¶ʱˡ
ôû°ɣҶæѶ
ȻûлѶ
Ȼ˴ѶþûյϢ
Ҷʱһü


һǧİپʮ ڰ
֮У鷳ģȻûΣգᱻУ
ʱÿһʱ䣬һ鷳Ϊа۾ѾҪˡ
ˡҶ쿴û֪鷳Ҳ档
֮ڣȴһƬأããգʲôҲûУֻһϤӰ
ĴҴܣȻ˼ţѰɫĳ·
ҶͻȻ֣ע⡣
Ҷ죬ôҲˣ۾һɣʱ㲻ӦýЩ죬ʲôûУҲ·
ǿͻҲ𣿡Ҷʵ
ҵЦ
ԿҶԣʱչռһɿµĵʱǺ嫵ĵһƬ貵ĵӣֱ񷣬ǿա
ǿͫһڸܵҶʵˣѹҶţȷųʵ
ֱһ漣ôᣬȻѾ̤Ⱦ磬治Ժĳɾͻжߣг˾̾
䣡
Ҷչռǿ֮ƥĵϯսϵ·
һ̣Զܵ˾޴ѹ
̫ǿˣǴСֻȵĵ۾ôܣⶼǳӽа۾ǵ۾ڵսˣš
Ҫ֪Ҷ챾ʵǽ
¡¡
貵˺Ѳ񷣬һƬˡ
Ƭɫ磬ͷ·һɫĲһ㣬ѷ죬֩Ƶģա
忪ˣʱ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ҶҲ¶Цݡ
Ƭɫ糹ʱһ޴ĺɫͻȻǰԶɢһǿ
һоŲ㣬ȫ嶼ǺɫģǵħԵøɭֲ
ڱǰһʯһ޴ĺɫħ֡
Ҷ;ɵ̽ʱʯ֮дһӴϢ˿Ϣʱˣ漴¶ϲ֮ɫ
Ե
ȷǴԵ
Ҷϲ
ʯϣ֪ɫ
ɫڰħǹħһҪȻҲûκεĹֻ޵еķԵס֮Ĺ
ⶫ޷֮Ҳ޷
ȻⲻҪġ
Ҫһ㣬ڰħǹħɸѡõģֻߵΪܽڰħ洳أӶѡǿߣȻص
棬ٳ̤߾磬Ѿվ۷壬һǿˡ
ڹħڵĹħ磬ٳֻǸո̤ĵãֻһʼ
ʱ򣬼Ҫһλʦָ㡣
ԣħǿ߽ڰħɸѡһЩǱߣӶصԱ֮
ĺڰħڹħзǳ࣬κһ֮һĺڰħ˶лڰħ֮д
ˣںڰħ֮Уÿϴ㣬ܻһνǳ
㣬ܻһڴ͵ھŲĽûмأ϶Ǳ
ʵϣһĽҶ;ޱˡ
ֻҪõһʵٴ˷ܵ˵
⻹ֻǴĽ滹е͵ھŲ㣬֪ʲôҶ𾪵Ļһ㡣
ϾǹħĶҪ߼ࡣ
Ϣ̫ˣ֪ͨŷʥǲ߹ڰħֻҪκһ˳ɹǶ׬ˡ˵
û˵꣬㴫а۾ĴЦ
ܲġа۾ڰƵ󷨣ٶȷǳĿ졣
ãⶫа۾֪ż
ʶҶʵѾԼİΣǺڰħغش󣬴һشĻԵȻϣѪħ֪
Ͼ֪һͻһߣ
ûãˣڰħ޷أҶҡҡͷ漴תӭа۾չռһݺݵ˹ȥ
˭
а۾ȵ
Ϊһ̫ˣƥǵ۾ΣǾ۷߿Դġ
Ҷ죡ҶһҲ±֪ϾҲ
ԭߣҵҪǲšа۾Ȼ漴Ц
ȻҶţϾӶսǾ档
һս֮УҶԦ۾Ȼ¡
а۾Ҳ£Ϊ˵ˣҶֻǺŷƽ൱ܱȵƵ۾
ףʲô
Ȼа۾ǰɫʱһ
ڰħ̫עĿˣа۾Ѻӡ
ʱҶѾݺݵа۾˼̽Ѫɫ֣ǰľâѹȥ
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µĵϯգն档
Ѫɫֱӱ˺ѡ
ʲôа۾𾪡
а۾Ҳ̫С˰ɣҶЦһ£а۾˶ɳȥ
һ֮£а۾涼ѷ죬ת˲֮ͱ޸ˡ
û뵽ʵȻôǿ󰡣а۾ŶҶ죬г𾪡
ò𺳣Ϊ֪޷˵ղȫҶ
Ҷ첻
һ½ߣʵôôǿ
а۾гɻ
а۾ɱ˾ǸϽɡҶȵϣܹа۾ߣӶغڰܡ
ֻǿϧа۾ôȥ
ôŸ߸ʲôѵʲô𣿡а۾Ц˲֪ٸԪᱻҶСƭˡ
ңǰڰ̫עĿ˭޷ӡ
а۾˵գųźڰǰʯ̽ȥʱյһӴϢ
ԭˣôĻԵǾȻأǳ룬ڰעѪħˡ
а۾漴ϲ̽һֻѪɫ֣㳯źڰץȥӴڰ
Ҷ;״һЦ档
䣡
ڰ汬һɾ޴ĹֱӺа۾Ѫɫ֣ҽ˶ɳȥ䱬塣
Ĺ̾
˵һ۾ˣˣڰҶЦֲ֮ΣǸ߲εǿƵģôܱһССĵ۾
ãڰĲǹԵĻа۾ˡ
ôô޷ѵڰҲһ𣿡Զа۾壬


һǧİپʮ Э
Զа۾
ղǹɷ̫ǿˣͺһλʥǰڰħûʲôֲΪôǿ
ңҪӳʥĹǳõ
а۾㲻Ҫȡڰħ𣿼Ǳֹ֤㣬ԶֻشЦ
а۾ȻҼԼʱȻŭתɱ˹ȥѪɫָǲ񷣬Ҷһѹ
ߣҶһչռƥ񵶣ЯһɿֲΰֱӺѪɫ֣סа۾Ĺ
ͬʱҶһԵľ˵ڣȽڰħǵ֪ͨʦ𡣡
õģ֪ԼﲻʲôæһҶ죬ɵ̳ڰħ
վסа۾ŭѾѺڰħΪѪħıȻ̤룬ˡ
Ȼһ貵ĵâа۾סˡ
а۾ʵҲǿǿһ㣬κβҡߣҶЦϵزסа۾ᡣ
ڰħףϾڰħǸģȻֹˡ
ߣҶ죬ߣǲȥĻᣬҲڴ˵ذɡа۾ŭһҲסҶ죬ͬʱϢѪħ
Ҷ֪а۾ڸʲôɵ˵а۾ڰħĻԵҲǳΪֻѪħᣬܱҪãأ
а۾һ漴ߵʲôҲҽսֻһŷʥһûѪħսȴλʥֻҪλסˣڰħעѪħġ
ȻˣҾͽϢˣǻ⵽ġҶЦ
ңа۾ʱˣѪħ򣬵Ǹǿ󣬶֪˺ڰħĴڣôѪħռҲӼҡ
ҲգֻҪҶȥʣµ֮Уʯ⣬߶ֵһᡣѪħߣǿĶ࣬ʯǿĶмλ
գа۾ɭؿҶ죬ãҴӦ㣬ڰħֻ̤С
㻹ҸʲôҶȵ
ߣ㶼ųˣҶκβ㣬ֱʷǿߣһȥ𣿡а۾Ц
Ͳ±ƼңϢ𣿡Ҷŭȵ
˵ɣǿߣҲȥġа۾Ц
ҶĬˣǿߣڰħ֮еĻ󣬱ǿߣ϶档
ãҲȥǲֹߡĻǾһɢҶ漴
а۾Ц˵Ȼֻһ֣ܱҪá
˫ǲһЩǿߵƬ򣬲ȻĻһбǿߵͻִᷢ˵ˡҶ˵
ֻһ»Ļɣסġа۾üͷ
ھԵǰУʼ
֮к
סһʱһʱֻҪ߶ȥ֮ϢססˣʱǵòıǾ;صңҲߵõҶߵ
а۾ɭЦҶ죬ҿʼеˣϧ㲻Ѫħˡ
ߣ
Ҷһ漴ϵŷʥ
Զа۾Ҷ죬ҶнȥĻᡣ
ڰħֻ߽룬а۾ǵ۾ȥĿֻǿҶ졣
ʦ𣡡
ͽ
ŷʥܿյҶϢ
ʦҷһڰħҶ콫Ϣȫͬʱа۾ɵЭ顣
ŷʥĬ˺ܾãſ˵һԵֻҪܵõһһûơ˻ԵսһˣһϢй¶»ķ񡣡
ͽĺܶԣڰħֻǺѪħ֪ܱ֪ҪáȻǱȲѪħ򣬵һߣܱȺҪá
ŷʥ˵ͷ
ҶЦ˵ʦ˸㣬ʱȥȴԽȥʵʵ۾ѪħӦûĶ֡
԰ˣϵɡŷʥ۾ʱһ
ͬʱҲ֪Ҷ׵Ĺϵá
ңһεս֮УֻһΣǽһŷƽңشߡ
һ㿴ױʵǿ۷߼ӦòѪħĻɡ
ʵϣ׺ҶһˣʵѾԽͨĵ۾ԶԶߡ
ҶԼȥȴԽȥ
ûб¶׵ݣĻҪԪˡҶ찵뵽
ͬʱѪħǣȫյϢ
ʱֻҪпյߣ׷׸ۡ
ȻǶ֪Ժܵ͵ǿߵע⡣
Ҷ죬Ϣ𣿡Ҷ촫ѶϢ
ڰħʲô𣿡ʯҲѯʵ
ҶѶҲұа۾ȥھȥ֮󣬾ûгҲûиܵϢ
˵ģӦǹħһӦòΣյġ˵
Ƚȥ˵ʯ˵
Ƕսʵǿһϵ۵ߡ
Ѫħ߸ǿѾλǿ۷ߵؿһҶ죬̽ڰħˡ
Ҷ찵ľѪħȻǿˣʯǸߣȻˡ
Ҫ֪۷ߣʯʵҪǿôһЩ޽ӽ۾Ҳ۷ߡ
ֻ˴ﵽ硣
ҲлﵽˣѾˡ
Ҷû뵽ѪħȻڶ
ͬʱҶиӵˣæߴ׸Ͽȥս
Ҷ죡

úʯ˫˫
Ҳͬʱ˺ڰħ档
Ҷа۾üͷڰħг˺棬ڰħһ޷ϢҲʲô
ңһȥľڶûг
ʱţԽԽˣԣѪħࡣ
Ҷ첢ûеģΪյϢѾսڸۡ
ռʵٶȻô죬Ҳ
Ҷʱڴ


һǧ ʯ
ʱһȥһߴӺڰħˣʱҶа۾Ŀⱬȥ
ѪħһߣǺȥģȻȳˡ
Ҷа۾Щȡ
а۾æϲʵôʲô
а۾ڵһˣһĿǶԸһߺڵսܣҲǶ֣졣ѪħѾкܶߴһˡæ˵
ԭˣа۾Ȼ
ΪⲻʲôϢҲûҶ죬ȻҲͱҶˡ
ڰħĿ飬һϵӵģ֪ͨ㣬ҪʲôʵҶ찵뵽
Ҳֻܰϣʯϣʵǿϣܹͨ㡣
߳ѪħģҲģûͨһʧˡ
ԣǳ졣
ҶյһЩ׼ȷϢڰħ棬ÿ˶ᱻֵһͬĿռ䣬ԵĶֻ֣һǱһʵߺڵսܡ
Ҫͨ飬ǾֻܴսܣսܱϾֻǿܣ޷ָ壬һѣˡ
սܻһ壬ͻᱻ߳ڰħ
ߺڵսѾǳǿˣѪħ߶һ̭ˡ
Ҷа۾еЩһ㶼ôǿ󣬺أ
»ǿ
оŲ㣬治˭ܹȫͨ
úѪħųɾŵ߶̭ˣһЩߺڣӽ۷ۣ̭ˣǴ˵ڶ㣬ȴûдȥ
˵ڶعصսѾ۷ˣ൱ھǸ
ԣǶʧˡ
Ǹ𣬵ڻսӾҪͨҲỨһЩʱ䡣
Ҷ찵뵽ȾЩս޷ָ壬һ棬ǲͨһأҲ޷ͨ㣬ֻܿʯˡ
а۾Ҳôġ
Ȼ֮󣬾ѪħһЩ۷߶˳ˣǺò״˵㣬عսܸɱˡ
Ҷ죬սܺųǼߣʵԶ۷ߣʯҲȥ
ʱڰħ棬ѾֻʣʯˣѪħһҲֻʣλʵǿߡ
ûϵȻȥɣҶԾ˵
ѾյϢѾۣͿ쵽ˡ
Сĵ㣡˵ͷ漴뿪ۡ
úں֮е׵
а۾ɵ۾ףɱŷƽҵ𣿲ƾ޷ô
ߣһû˵źڰħȥ
а۾Ҳ⣬Ҳһ۷ߣֻǿŻôǿѡ
ֻҶһڴͨͬһ꣬ڿԿڰħˡ
һĺڰħȷǰЩԣһͻᱻһصĿռ䡣
һƬ磬Χǳǰһ޴̨֪жô󣬶һˡ
޴ǿ̨ϣվһͨǺɫսܣؿס
䣡
ûʵʮ˷ħֱӺ˲Ͱսܸɱˡ
ʵͱһǿȵ۾ڣɱһߺڵսܣȻ׾١
׽˺ڰħĵڶ㡣
ڶعصսܵȷ൱۷߼޷ɱ߿ֻǿܣ޷ָ壬ܿͱ׸ɱˡ
ɱһ۷ߣѣϾ۷ߵһ飬ָ
ң۷ߵǿ
ԣа۾׷ɱ˾ôãûɱ
ǿ̨ϣսܿ޷ܣҲܣԺܿͱ׸ɱˡ
漴˵㡣
عսǼߣʵǳǿ󣬱ʯҪǿһ֣ಢ
Ѿ޽ӽ۾ˡ
ѹʯûгսǰȻɱҲɱܰɡ
棬һеҶ죬ʱ뵽
Ҫ㣬Ŀռ
ʯƻᱻڵ㣬򲻹Ǿ߼սܣҲˣֻܽš
ʯܹͻơ
ȻڴʱһǱӰӺڰħ
ʯ
Ҷһ㶣漴ɵʯôˣӦð򲻹Ҳܹɣ
䣬һǿϢǴʯϱ𣬼ա
۾
Զа۾۾һɣ˼顣
ͻˣҶϲؿʯ
ʯ˵Ȼûͨ㣬һǵһμߣ֮£һأ˵۾硣
ˣԶа۾ƲƲ죬иһ˿ɱ⣬һ۾ʵܶࡣ
ϧûҶڣа۾Ҳɱʯ
ʯѾ֮ǰʯˣѾ̤۾Σʯó˵а۾ˣһ۷۾ɱʯ
һ۷ǿߣڶһ
Ҷ˷ܣæϢŷʥʥ
ŷʥʥ֪£ҲǸ˲ѡ
Ȼʧ۷ߣҲ˹Ӱ۾Ͱ۾ǶҶ졢ףʯ
Ӧýʯˡ
֮ʵ
ŷʥǴϢþЩ۷ÿһʱ䣬ܴһκڰħʧҲãһҪʯ򣬱п̤۾硣
Ҷ˵ͷ
Щ۷ߣʵ۾ֻа벽֮ңȱٵֻһ
һˣǾ̤۾磬ʦʯһ
Ҷ죬ո̤۾磬ҪȥȶһΪʯ۶Ҷ˵
㣡ҶƳһ۲Զа۾漴˵
Ѿû߽ڰħˣʱǵЭѾ飬ʱᶯ֡
Ŀȥа۾Цţûиȥ
ô
ܡ
ѪħԲһ۾
Ҷʯ۸ո̤۵ʱһֻѪɫɫӵľ޴ƣ֮Ͻѹ
һУͲܻ㻨𣿡
Ҷߡ
ЩϲձˣֱǵϣΪ֮ɱ
ѪħĶʥʯ۾ֵ̤۾ˣһλʥʱҲܵ˾޴ѹ޷ֿ
Ҷ˿壬ֱٻݴ½ʯ۽С
ȻҶԥش߶ڣڿڶʱһɿֲĻֻѹµľ޴Ƹشݻˡ
ߣ
Զһƺߡ
ţһΡѪɫӰ֮ϣ䶢Ҷ죺Ǻη


һǧһ Գ
ʥãҪһֶΡ
ŶΡӴѪɫӰҶû˿η壬ֱӼԦݴ½˹ȥڰ·ϷڣڿڶʱͺһɿµĻ
ʥͫһղѾʶڵʱҴ⡣ֻһһ޴ʯӡˣɢֲϢ
ȻҲһ
䣡
ʥ߶ž޴ʯӡݴ½ѹ
ںȥĻݺݵײʯӡϣһĿֲը
ƥ籩ϯΧʱռ䶼ˣƬضڲѡ
ŵϢ޾ɱԶǧ֮ǣе
Ƕʱ֪ʥεǿֳڱƴɵԶ˵أ»ᱻǣȥ
䣡
һ֮󣬶ʥ߶ʯӡѹ¡
ҶٴηڣǿֲĹϵغʥ֮⡣
һߣȻ԰ӳʥڵвɵóԾ
һߣսȼ۾ôܰӳ
ֻʥܰӳŶԡ
ֻ֪Ҷݴ½һҪˣѾԽķ롣
ԣҶֻܷӳݴ½һҲȼʥʹõˡ
ʥҲ𣡡
Ҷ˿̷ǳΪƾݴ½Ѿȫʥ۷ǿˡ
Ҫ֪ʥϱʥʵǳǿ󣬶ڻԦӳս͸ǿˡ
һߣȻͶʥ൱ҪǴ˳ȥ涼Ҫ𾪡
ˣ̫ˣ
ʥŭ
ȻҶ쵱ȳ֣Ԧݴ½ѹ£ݴ½̣ʱɱֶ£ʥ˶档
ʲôһȻԷӳֽȻͬĹ
ʥһ
Ҫ֪һ㶼ֻһַʽĹϾҪӵޣͲٷ棬ʱѡһַʽĹ
棬ֻΪ
Ҷݴ½ɱ󹥻Ȼһ㶼ڲ١
Ƶһһ
ò˵ʥǲ¶ˣȷƵһġ
䣡
ʥҴ⣬ȫ߶ʯӡɱ֮ѰҳڣȻƾʯӡ˳
ҶЩʧʥɲ۾󷨰׳գѾһϲ£ټİһӾͳ˳
ȻҲΪҶûȫӳݴ½Щõɱ󣬿ɲô׳ġ
ܵ˵Ҷֻܷӳݴ½һȻޡ
ңݴ½Ҳûȫʣûںϡ
Ҫȫںϣֻܷӳһܺ䱬ʥˡ
ŷʥнͽʥǼʶˣߣʥ֮󣬲ûмҶ죬ֱˡ
ǺҶ죬ٴȥҲֻ˷ʱ䣬ûá
ңҶ󱲽סѾоЩˣٴȥһ˵ʥµ涼Ҫˣᱻ֮ʥЦġ
ҶҲûȥ׷Էʥ˵ټŷʥκβ˶Է
Ҷ죬Ҳ̫ˣû뵽ʵôǿ󣬾̤˵۾ΣҲĶ֡һԣʯп
̤۾Σʯ۲ŷҶսжôǿ󣬾ûݴ½Ҷ춼Կġ
г˲ţʵôһܹӳġ
Ҷ죬ʵֻҪڰħ϶ͨ㣬ǵĲ㡣ʯͻȻ˵
ֻҪͨ㣬ܵõһպùӰ۾ˣŷʥһ
ŷʥһôټҶ죬սͲκˣѪħԿ޾塣
ϾѪħ򣬶ܼԸһ
ѪħǵжԵģǻжħУԼкܶʥܼԸ
෴ûжҰģֻҪԱǼ޾һˡ
ҲҪȥϧѪħǲҽȥģǸа۾һֱںڰħ
ҶЦ
ʵѾ͵ˡ
ΪѾˣϾͨ㣬ʱܵõһˡ
Ѫħ϶ǿ֮⣬Ǹʥ϶ߵġ
һ˵õ϶ܵĹ
£ҶæʯͻȥȻٴηۡ
һ֮Ҷ͸ܵɲа۾ǿϢʱһ
ѪħȻǿߣҶ۾ɫЩء
ԶѪɫӰа۾һ飬ÿ˵Ϣа۾٣Ȼǵ۾Σһϱ۾ǿߡ
ҲֻѪħ򣬲һӳλ۾ڵǿߡ
ڳһոսʯ֮⣬ûĵ۾
ȻҶ׵ʵͿȵ۾ս൱ʥΡ
ʦ˼һ˭Ҷ漴а۾ԱλѪħĵ۾Ӱ񴫸ŷʥ
Ƕħ۾Ͱ۾ߣû뵽ѪħȻλ۾ںڰħŷʥߵ
ҶЦǰʥһǼɵҵʵҽڰħȡٴλ۾
ô죿ܳȥ𣿡ŷʥüͷ
ҪǿԶҵȻԳȥڲܡʦģѾȥˣʵȵ۾һͨ㡣Ҷ˵
Ǿͺãŷʥʱ¶Цݡ
Ҷ˵׵õٽڰħϢħͶһԼǶĺøУҲԿһѪħ򡣡
ҲãѪħûѣǿ϶Ϣ͸УŷʥʱЦ
ͬʱںڰħа۾ѾӦҶĴڣɵЦҶ죬͹ԹɣڰħԵ
ߣа۾Ѫħһɳλ۾˵أѵͲǵϳ𣿡Ҷ¶伥
һԵĶħ۾ߵΪѪħôСλ۾ѪħֵһᣬǿĴڶǡ
ŷʥСͽҶ𣿿ϧûɱ㣬ɳˣѪħһź۾Ҷ죬г˷ڵɱ⡣
ҶȻ壬Էλ۾Σ֮Уǲ󷨣ԷҲȫӡ
ңҶʱӳ֮⣬ʱ򣬱˵λ۾ˣλ۾ݴ½Ҳ¡


һǧ ڰ
Ѫħλ۾ǿߣҶ˿壬һˣգؿǡ
а۾Ҳûж֣ΪҶʵ֣ҲֻܻҶ죬޷ɱҶ졣
෴ӵ棬ȵҶʹˣôǾҪҶ׷ɱˡ
ˣ˶ںڰħ
ǵ񣬾ǲСӽڰħа۾ħ۾Ͱ۾
ħ۾Ͱ۾˵ͷȻǺɱҶ죬Ͼǵ۾ǳǣô嶯

ڰħ㡣
ʩչʮ˷ħ֣ǰһսܸķ顣
ʵ̫ˣ߼޵սܣҲĶ֡
׾̤˵Ĳ㡣
Ĳǰ㲻ͬﲻһռ䣬һãɫĴԵ÷ǳׯϡ
׻ܣһûսܡ
δأ
У˵һĽ

ڴʱһźɫĹţһ߲֮⣬ǰ
ǡһʵûзⶫôֵġ
ĽɫĹ֮УȻһ
һ̣ɫŴ򿪣һ߲֮ףһͨɫ񽣣ɢһɾ⣬׶ܵ˾޴ѹ

۾һʱ֪ɫһжʱϲæץס
ѽڰ񽣣˵ɫ֮ٴδĻ
˭պúڰ񽣣ؿɫš
Ǻڰħ飬൱飬ԽҺڰҲԽҺڰħСɫ˵
û뵽ڰħҲ飬ˣһΪûп飿Щȣ漴ʵ
ÿ㣬һϢĵطҲǷýĵطڰħ˵
ô˵ڰ˲ҲϢˣ֪ڰ˲ʲôײɵ֮ɫ
㴳ڰ˲˵ɡ
ڰħ˵գʧˡ
ʧĵطһɫš
ֻҪ߽ţ˵㡣ڰħ漴
Ҳ룬̤˺ɫĹ֮С
ǰ̫ͨˣĲûսûʲôģԼս
ڵ㣬ٴοһսܣǵսܱǿ֮ɫʱһ䡣
۾ڣ
װľһصս۾ڵʵϴͻˣδؿԴһء
ˣ׾ԼһҲˡ
Ȼս˺ܾãײʮ˷ħֵԣսܡ
ʱҲеһƣ
һ۾ڵսܺףҪɱͺˡײɵøп
ʵ˵۾磬ѱɱ
֮ԿɱսܣֻҪս޷ָ壬Ҫǻĵ۾ǿߣǾ屻˶ϻָɱġ
ܹɱŷƽңҲʹڡ
׻ڣųɱŷƽҡ
˵۾𣬼ǲˣʵ̫󣬷Խɱ
Ŀ鶼սܣҪǻǿߣҲֹֻڴˡ˵գ˵㡣
ս۾ڵʵȻǿһΣǴҲǳˡ
ɱԷ

״ʱλѪħǿҲ̳ˡ
Ҷæӭȥа۾˻û֡
λѪħǿҲˣǼѯ飬û
Ҷ뿪ۣ棬ųݴ½
ô㴳𣿡ҶȻʲôϣ̲סѯʵһɹء
ûУսǼߣѾ޽ӽ۾ˣҸɱľ޷ֻ˳ˡЦ
û뵽ôѣȻô׻õġ
ˣʯأ漴ʵӦҲ޷ͨɣķǿһЩǹҡ
ǺǣʯȻûͨȴһ̤˵۾ΣѾصչȹΪˡҶЦ˵
ʲôԴһ
ԣʦ˵ˣЩ۷пգÿһʱͽڰħĥһΣ˵򣬾ʯһͻƵ˵۾ˡҶ˵
ŷʥ˵Ĳ֮̾ɫЩĽ˵Ⱥ۷ߣʯǻԶˣҲû뵽վһȳΪ˵۾
ǶѾֻſ˵۾ΣֻһʱܹͻˡҶ찲ο
Ǻǣģҵ־ô׶ҡġοкڰħһ̤۾ΡһβУΣβоΣһٴΣһΣҾͲ޷̤۾Ρ
гսš
Ҷ˵ͷʵҲģ磬־Ѿﵽһǳֲĳ̶ȣ޷ҡ
۾ǣΪϵƾŮҲ޷˵Ǳ
ȥɣ׻棬ҹпͨ㡣Ҷ漴˵
Ҳʵɲ⣬һͨˣϧ޷ȥҲͨˣֶˡʱ˷֮ɫ
䣡
ڴʱһɿֲңԶķ漴ϯսǿա
ǣʱ۾һɡ
ǿҶҲ֮ɫ
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ңԶĵطһҵ߲ʹâֱ񷣬ǿգϯ˷
ǿ涼ڲǳ𵴡
ߴ۷ǿߣȫӦˣ￴ȥ
һӰǿ֮ϡֳž޴ĺɫ񸫣һɿֲϢΧĿռ䶼޷ɡ
ҡŮ𣡡
տٵڰ˴򡪡Ӷ򣡡
һֺǿգ֮еߴǿȫ˷֮С
ŮȻ˵ڰ˴
Ȼ˵Ԥ֮Уǵʱе鶼е𺳡
ߴѾ£Ѿγһƽ⡣
ƽ⼴ˡ
һµ棬һµҪˡ
ͽϻμ߻顣ŷʥѶ
ͬʱҲӵʥĴѶ۷ϵǿߣӵѶ
ܻʥǵģҪȥܻȥģҲҪһȥ
ߣǻȥҶɫޱֱ࣬Ӵ߶ݴ½ٸʥǡ
Ҷ죬ô죿ɵüͷ̫ͻȻˣ׻ûдӺڰħ
õģʵʥҲסҶŵ˵


һǧ Ӧ
ǡ
һĴ֮УʥŷʥţһӵߣҶˡ
ȻдģϾǵı𶼻Ҫ顣
ʥ֮ɫ˵ѾӦղǹɿֲĲˣǾŮ𿪱ٵڰ˴ϯġ
ԣһ
ŮıѣǷǳʹޣһǿ򣬾ֱŷ۾ΪʥҶ׳ɳĻڵͲܽǰħħȥˡ
Ůûѳȥôڵжôǿ󣿾ħҲʸһսˡ
ϧһУŮҰĶ
¶ֶһжˣңӶԼħˣѾƻƽ⡣ŷʥ˵
һӶǲ£Ů𣬵ʥŷʥҲŮ
۾ߣǾ͸ӲüɵˣҶӦ
ӶĵطϺħ齨һˡ
ǿ򣬻߲Ů벽ǵʵѾе־ˡ
Ҫǣһ壬µġʥ˵
ħŮ𿪱ٵӶҲħԼγһ壬һ޴ġ
ħԼˣǶǸһѷ˵ʵ
ڵƣ˵ʵ̫ˡʯۿ˵ıڱչأһμ߻顣
Ҷڿ˴ķֲͼ
˴Ӷħһ塣
ħ֮Ѫħ򣬺Ͷ֮ħ޷γ壬޷ӳ
һӶˣԵЩˡ
ҲһҪطǾ
ֻҪˣǾܺͶԼħһˡ
£Ҷ쿴ʥˣ˵λҪԿŮֻˡʦİ۾ŮǽӦòѡ
⵹һ⣬ֻҪˣǺħԼҲܹγһˡͷ
ʯüˣǺĳѾԪȻа۾ڣǱ˴˵ĳͻ࣬ôԪ۵ĳޣ²ô׾ܻġԸˣЩ۾Ҳͬģ֮ĳ̫ˣˣ˭ֲմȾǿߵѪ
˶˵ͷʯ˵Ĳ
һսս˫ǿһǾǲݡ
ôԪѾв֪ǿڶԷС
ŷ۾һͽܱǿɱҲвŷ۾С
Ҷ쵱ڱǺɨߴţôͣѪ
ͷһλߣǿɱ
˵ĳ̫ˣҪ˺ѡ
Щ꣬а۾ĴڣƣûǰôƴɱˣҪˣǼõ
Ȼ죬ʥһһ־
ܶ飬Ҫĵ۾Լ飬ֻ˶ͬľִС
Ҷڣ
ʯһȺ۷߲ͬʥôʥҲ޷ִС
һǿ򣬲ǿһ˾ģҪ˵ǻ۲С
Ҷ쿴ʯۣͷ˵ʯۣ˵ĲڵѾͬˣǿ߶ܿóֻϣܼȥҪ֪ԼѪħһеǵˡ
ѪħͺǿǲҪˣ¡
ȴͬǵʵǰֻܿƽ棬ƽѾƣС׵塣
Ҷ˵ʵ
ǱȽϵùˣǰ򣬶һߡ
ǸʱĴ죬͸ΪУϣͳһ档
ڴڼ䣬Ѿˡ
ޣûΪˣ֮еľƣκԵüѡ
֮ǰߴγһƽ⣬ûĸҶ֣ܾˡ
ڣƽѾƣҪùˡ
˵ģ߲ͲܻŹƺζҪɱ
ǰ߲Ҷ֣ΪΪУһ֣ôӮˣôҲܵΧӶʵ
ڲͬˣѾӶħˣʱܶˡ
ѪħһʼʱʼѪħλ˫֮ĳͬ
Դ֮ѪħһֱʱǾ͸ӲŹʹˮĺûˡ
ˣǾôҪǿߵľϣ⿿һҪˣȻܡʯҡҡͷҶ˵еȴΪԳɹ
ϴҶȥ򣬾ͱ۾һ߷ˣҪǿڰ۾ϣ¾ֱɱʯˡ
Ҫɳһʹߣô˵ǶҪһԡü˵
ⲻ飬ҪħͶ˼ǺҲǵˣǻͬ𣿡
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УǿѪħ򣬴á
ǱͲĶ֣˰֣ѪħûУ⴦͸ˡ
ǿǼֱâ̱
ǰѹѪħĸ߲ǣһƣɫܳء
ѪħǵжԵģУ޷ˡ
ʼ濴һѪħĸ߲㣬漴˵Ҳеƣͳһõġڣֻǰóˡ
һѪħĸ߲ԣ۾һ


һǧ 
ħ
׾ĸ·ٴħ
һħͷʱԻ۳һӴӰɢź嫵ƣѹ
ħ㻹
΢΢һЦйâһһѺɫ񽣶ʱ֣ɢŨҵϢƬ֮š
ħ۷ʥó׵ȷû취֮⡣
ѽǰûֶһħ𿴵еĺڰ񽣣ͫ׶ʱһг𾪡
ʥǣݴ½ڣֶһڰ񽣣ôǿħˡ
һ֮ɫħڰ񽣣΢΢ЦǴųģһڰħֻҪǰܵõһҵѺڰ񽣱Ǵõġ⣬Σ
ʲô飿˵ģħɫ䣬漴гһ˿ϲ
ǧȷ
΢΢Ц飬Ŀǰֻħ֪ΪĴˣǾǣҲͷųĳ⡣
ߣĴˣҪ򣿡ħ˵
ļʶӦÿԿóľƣֻнĴһ壬ܶԿӶԼħˡ˵
ߣͬǵжΪʲôҪѡѪħҲһħЦ
΢΢ЦѪħֻǵʳ֮һ˳Ϊ벽𣬷ǸûʸǽˣֻĴʵн˵Ŀܡ
ħĬˡ
Ѫħ⣬ˡ
򣬶ˣħ𶼺ܺ棬Ů𵽵ʲôƣԽ
ħ𣬺ôҲǿˣ̸𣿡Ц˵
ߣħһֱ뿪ˡ
΢΢һЦ̤նħڲȥ
֮׺𣬻ħ𣬾ۼһƻԻ͵ɹڡ
ӣһԵúʥ
˵𣬶Ĵ˵飬ô
ûܹҲãγһ壬Ҳǿˡ΢Ц˵
һԵħߵʵǿˣֶԽôǲҪͳ˧ǣư棿
ư棿
ȻһЦ˵ǿħ򣬶ܳư棬ο򡣡
ûôҰģֻϣһȶĻչ㹻ˡ
׼˵
ߣ˵ĵǺﲻôġħЦ
׿ħ˵ħ𣬿ҵĵ㣬Ҹ֪Ǻڰħ飬Ӧʾĳˡ˵䲻Ļħ򲻴Ӧ򣬻ж򣬱Ѿγһ壬ͬ򡣡
ħһٶЩŭˡ
һԵ״æ˵ףҲҪ⣬Ը񣬶ڽ˵飬ħȻͬϾǶ˫ġ
ߣħһûͬ⣬ҲûֹĬˡ
ҲֻӲѡ
Ͼһ״ڣ˵зǳˬ
Ҳ֪ûвƣЦ𿴵͸ɣȻǾˣǾһһȻĴĴһ˵ľˡ
ɺ۾
ԣʱһλǿĵ۾
΢΢Ծ
ɺ۾ͷܴΪ֮нŷ۾ǿ۾ս۾Ҫǿ
ŷ۾ʥôλɺ۾һ۾ˡ
ȻָսϾɺ۾û
ɺ۾һȥ˵
׵˵ͷɳɺ۾˵ν˵ӣģǷܡ
ǾͲʱˣϳ漴˵ħǣɺ۾һ뿪ħ
ħ׵ıӰһԵ˵Ҫˣ
еѡ𣿡ЦôǿӲ˵Ѿ̸˶ˣѾںħˡħ򣬳ѡ򣬷ֻѡˡ
߲Ұ̫ˡħҡҡͷ
Ҳͷ߲ǸŮ벽ڣǻǱȥˡ
෴Ȼǿ󣬵ĴˣҲķһƽ⣬Ľ˲ŸӰȫ
һ֮ﰡħ̾
Цÿδ֮󣬶дˣֻǲ֪һδˣ˭Ϊ߲ŮѪħʼ档ȻҲпܡ
𡭡ħг˿
ߵľ磬˭
۷ǿߵ롣

Ӷ
񸫳ǡ
գĴħĴȫۼǩԼ
۾ΪӶĴվڸ̨ϣӶӽ쿪ʼӶ򣬻ħһˡӽԺǽΪ˶ս
Ϊ˶սǿߴ
Ϊ˶սħǿǴ
Ϊ˶ս
Ӷ򣬶ڻ
Ӷħ˵Ϣһ˲䴫档
Դˣ׸ı䣬ߴƽ⣬Ϊ˹ȥʽ
һˡʹ˵

۾˵ʱݴ½ϣҶ졢۾ɺ۾ս۾ĴĴҲۼһá
Ž˵顣
Ҷ쿴ǰλ۾ҲյϢ˰ɣǵѾˡ
ǵҲõˡ۾Ц
ͰǸղ̸ĽĴϵǿߣǼСս۾˵
ˣᣬ棬Եʱˡɺ۾֪̾꼴ˡ
ȻˣϢǸͨǸԵˡҶЦ˵

Ӧõģ
λ۾˵ͷ漴СĴԼ
ú򡢶ħ򣬶ĵĻ
Ϊս
黶
Ĵһ齨һʷǰǿᣬԿˡ
ֻһħ򣬱ƲһԣΪСһ
ľƱ仯֮죬˵֮⡣

Ѫħ
᣿ˣߣһȥɣѪħʼ棬¶Цݡ
ѪħһܵطλѪħʥۼһ𣬺Ѫħʼһһϵļ̳
̳ϣ¶һڰУ·һֻͨ
ϵˣһϲɣӺڰ֮дλѪħʥʱëȻ


һǧ ħ̳
Ѫħһϵļ̳УźڰУɣëȻ
ʼ棬ǣʥ𾪵ؿһԵʼ棬ǣҲ֪̳ԴΪǵ̳ѾˣһֱѪħصĴڡ
ǹħ̳
Ѫħʼ˵
λѪħʥԣʱ𶯲ѣǰļ̳г˲š
Ϊħ̳Ĵ˵
ڹħ磬ֻӵ֮ĹħһŻὨħ̳Ϊǿͨħ̳ӶϵԼһ֮ʱأϵԽ֮ٻ
ֹħֻ̳֮ܽ
⡭ôܣʥ𾪵ôһħ̳Ĺħ壬𣿡
Ѫħʼû˵
ǰڰ֮УһĻҽġ
˭ʥɵʵ
Ѫħʼ浭˵λħֻ֮ʣһ˿ִħ̳档ңЩ꣬ҲΪҲϵظ̳ܱ档
ʲô
λѪħʥԣɫ䣬ֱš
ǿ֮ҪǿĴڣ߸ϣֱ
һڣȻǰǺεȵ𺳡
֮棬ˣִҲ᲻йħĴ֣Ըһ˿ִ˳нȳ
Ѫħʼ˵
Ȼ֪ܶأλѪħʥԣ𾪡
棬֮ΪҲȥԸû취ϵħ硣
Ѫħʼ˵
ʼ棬ô֪Щʥ̲סʵ
Ѫħʼ濴ЦΪͽܣս֮ʱˣ޷սʱ䳤ӣں𡣡
ϧΪ˵ңȻȻӵǰ꣬ڳΪָ֮˼䡣Ȼҵ壬Ѿǹħ塣Һҵħǿ߲ʬ壬ǣԼתΪħ壬ϧǲôһֱڰ벽𾳽磬޷Ϊ𡣡
λѪħʥֱˡ
ôҲ벻Ѫħʼ棬Ȼľ
ѪħʼȻ֮ͽܣǿ϶һλ𣬶һеĳǿߡ
ϧ㵽ڲϵңͽ𣿡ڰ֮Уħ֮Ļ
ѪħʼҲ壬λʦѾһˣЦʦΰҿǼ£ûгΪ֮ǰθϵ㣿һҸ׼ˣô죿
Ǻǣͽ㾭תøӳˣοħ֮Ц
˵ģѾˣʣµһ˿ִԿһ޷˵Ǵ֮ķ׼ˡ
֮ôǿѪħʼ̲סʵ
ԭȷûôǿ֮ıȨԸ֮ǿϧ
ħ֮̾ϧͬھȴȫ֮ɣ档ȻĻ棬ͿԵ֮ˡ
棬ҲһȺߺߣڶԿ֮ǵʵǳǿ󣬱ȫʢʱڻҪǿ󣬼ֱҼǿĺǹħڶǿ𡣡
Ѫħʼ̾Ҫڱ棬ߣͳΪ֮ˣϧǵ츳
ⲻǸ𣿡ħ֮ЦҪǳΪ֮ǹħҲòˣĹħᣬҲ
˵ǿ϶ͷݣڲɱ㣬Ϊ֮ڣɱֵһᡣȵǺֳ֮ʤ³עˡ
ߣֲŵġѪħʼЦֻҪҳΪ𣬺ָܻܿǰΪʱȥħҵ˵ûгΪ֮Ϊ֮Ҳ㹻ˡ
ϧڵ岻ǹħ壬Ҫ𾳽磬ֻܿ츳ͻԵˣҲﲻ㡣ħ֮̾
ħ̳кãѪħʼ
Ѿһˣﲻʲôֻϵǹħĸ߲㣬ɱ棬ܸıһˡʱҲԻصڣħϴӵйħ塣ħ֮˵
֮һСѪħʼҧ˵û뵽ðմ򿪹ħ̳ȻʲôҲò
֮ǹħħ֮ЦѾ֣һǺڰħһħ̳
ڰħǶۣʲô𣿡һԵĶʥʵ
Ǻǣǿ²֪ÿһڰħϵģֻҪ˴ڰħھŲ㣬ܰԼĵںڰħ֮УΪǿߣܵħĤݡʱħ綼𶯵ģȻᷢ档
ħ֮˵
Ѫħʼҡҡͷ˵˵ҲȺСһ㶼޷ܹͨͨھŲ㣿
һļһͨ˵㣬õһѺɫ񽣡ʥ˵
Ǻڰ񽣣ħ֮˵ʵǲڰħȥֻҪͨ˵ھŲ㣬Ǿͳɹˡ
̫ˣҪͨھŲ㣬µӵе۾ޣʥڵսһôܴﵽּ𣿼ֱõǹħʷϣҲֻλǿ߶ѡѪħʼҡҡͷ
Ǻѣ
ħ֮˵û֮ǰ˳ӣһλǿ߻ں׼ӽǹħ壬ĳɾͿ϶֮ϡϧҵȲһ죬Ѿ͹֮ͬھˡ
ŶѪħʼԣɵ־ϲߵ棬Ȼŵ֪ľ𣿡
֪ħ֮̾ʱֻ֮֮ǿȡһʱƬֻܿһǿߵȴ֪ľݡһα࣬Ӧħ򡢶ħ򡣡
˵ǻлˡѪħʼ˷ܵ
˵̫ˣħ֮˵ȻҿԶ϶ᵮǿߣ˭֪ʲôʱҲڣҲǺܾԺ˵ҲȲǸʱˡ
ԣֻΪ֮·취Ĵ̽һ£ֻҪӵǿ츳ţԲĬĬģһǳɳ죬š
ħ֮ĻѪħʼ棬Աߵλʥ۾һ
Ļ뵽һˣߣţŸոսߣѾԱȼ۾ˡ
ѪħʼЦҶ죬򡣡


һǧһʮ ٴ
Ҷ죿
ţڤڤ֮Уƺôһ˿Ӧ»Ǵӡ
ڰ֮Уħ֮Ļ˵ǲҪڰħһܹʲôز
ô֪ٲ㣿ʥʵ
֮л۵飬κڰħ¾Ūġħ֮Ѫħʼ˵ûиı䣬һʶ㣬ȥѯʼɡ
ˣҪСӾͺˣСӣǸô죿Ѫħʼͷ漴ʵ
ħ֮˵Ǿֻʣһ·Ҫͳһ棬飬Ƿˣ飬㶼Ҫңռ㹻ܷ֮ķͨħ̳Ϣˡ
ָ֮𣿶ңҲôͳһġѪħʼ
֮ͷȺߣûûŵߴ𣬶Ѿħ˵ȺߵʵĺѾ֮ˡ
ħ֮Ц棬ûһȫħ档ֻҪѪħһЩ벽ôͳһ棬Ҳ⡣
ǼҲܽ벽𣿡ʥɵþϲ
ħ֮Цʼϵҵԭˡ
Ѫħʼߵȷ԰ǽ벽𣬲ùħ̳İ벽ⱲҲ޷ΪˡҪ
һ仰Ѫħʼλʥ˵ġ
λʥʱɫһȻûѵͣõʲôҪʲô
ֻǣЩء
һʱ䣬Щԥˡ
ʲôԥģΪǹħĴҵһʲôңǵ츳ҲδؿԽ𡣾ǳΪҲֻ֮µūѣɱħ֮ߵ
ʥԣҧҧ˵˵Ĳͬ⡣
˵գʥѪħʥѪħ츳ߣпܽǾͲˡ
һԵħԨʥӰħʥҲ˵ͷ
ѪħʼҲ˵жӰħħԨ벽ټңҲ㹻ˣѪħǽĿԺܴ󣬾Ͳˡ
ʥѪħʥ˵ͷѾʥļޣ벽𾳽ҲԶˡ
ħ֮ĻﴫֻǶλ벽Ҫͳһ棬ѶЩɣͽȥۣҪһЩˣһ
ã
Ѫħʼ˵ͷ漴жħ̳ϵǺڰУҲʧˡ
һ˲䣬ѪħʼڣλѪħʥǣȫڵأڴš
ħ̳Ӵ󰡣Ҷֲסˡʥ˵
ⱾǸ׼ģʹȻЩǿѪħʼ˵գԶʥӰħʥħԨʥ˵벽ѪħҵѪħ򣬲սȥۡ
УڰħϢݳȥ涼֪
Ѫħʼ˵գһ̤գʧˡ
ʥѪħʥָһҲ뿪ˡ
ֻʣ¶ʥӰħʥħԨʥڴħ̳벽


Ὠ֮ܲͽΪģ򡢶ħ򣬶
ʱһƻֺĴڣĴ110λϵǿߣٴ˵ء
ӽ쿪ʼǵЩȫҪʱӦͻ
ڵĲַǳͨһһеĳӣһλλߡ
ǰŵǵ۾
ڴϷһӺ棬Ĵʥǡ
ʥŷʥħ
λ۷ʥ¶ǿʵ
⣬һλ۾ʯۣҶ졢ʥǿߡ
ս۾۾ͺ۾
ֻһս۾
ħɺ۾սħ۾
Щһһ֮ж۷ǿߣǿ֮һˡ
ĵһλ飬Ҫ⡣
ʥһо˵һ򸽽ͱڶѪħȻ˺޶һͬѰ̽ԭ򡣵ڰħĿȨ
һǿ߶š
𿪿˵ҡʥжҪĴ򣬲뿪ʥ˵ĵһħŷʥΪףżӦԡ
Ҳȥս˵⵱ȻҶ˼
ʥüĺڰ񽣿֮ʹã۵ĿȨҪ
ڰݽ۾ʹãʵټϺڰ񽣣غڰħˡ˵
ҶͬʱҲ˵Ҳȥһ˺ڰħҵʵ㹻ٴεõһ
ãʥ˵ͷ

ٿһλʱҶѾ˺ڰħ
ȻеĻа۾
۾еĺڰ񽣣ɵø̾ǰһףû뵽ȻѺڰ񽣽ңҺհҸ
ҶЦ׾Ȼΰ۾ˡ
ʱ뱩¶׵ݡ
лᣬٸ߰۾ɡ
δڰħٵõһͽʦʹãʦڰħĿȨˡҶ漴˵
ţ۾˵ͷ漴ЦڰħֵĻʱһӾõϧҺʹʦ˵۾磬ԵǵʵͨڰħӦ㹻ˡ
˵֮䣬Ѿִڰħ
ףȻûѪħǿߣҶ¶֮ɫ
Դɱа۾֮Ѫħǲλ۷۾˵أغڰħ
ǣֻս۾һˡ
ս۾ҶͰ۾ûκξȣϾҲ֮С֪
۾ѪħһͻȻˣЩŹ֡ս۾˵
Ҷ첻ɵøӾˣѵǾͲҴڰħ
ͷ˺ᣬЩԹ˲Ͼںˡ۾Ц
ģ϶ʲôԭ򣬱ϾֻҪҽȥܵõһһѪħộҶҡҡͷ
Σ㻹ǸϽȥɣȵõǼ˵һԵս۾ߴٵ
۾Ҳ˵ʲôĿģֻҪõһʵ͸ǿˡ
ͬʱս۾˵ս۾뿪ˡ
ţս۾Ҳ֪װѺڰ񽣽˰۾Բģ뿪ۡ
۾ʵǿټһ棬Ǿ൱һλ۷ʥ
ңơ
Ͼ棬ʥǲʹġ


һǧһʮһ ڰ
ڰħ
ͬϴ׽棬һΣҶǱС
ûʲôصĸܣϾױһˡ
ͺЩǿڷֳһһʵһˡ
ȻȿռǿһЩҲֻܴ㣬޷߲㡣Ҷ찵뵽
ȿռǿһ㣬ǾǱǿӶʵǿһЩҲǿĲǺܶࡣ
Ͼͬһ꣬ʮ˷ħ֣ռһġ
Ψһһͬ
ǣҶٽһпǿʵ

Ҷ쿪ʼӵһ㴳
ǰ˵ֱ̫ˣܿ˵Ĳ㡣
ͬڰħҲˣҶ˵û뵽ǰòųһţֳһϣܹ߲㡣
˵գҶһѺɫ񽣡
Ҷһ㶣ﶼֻкڰһ𣿡
ʲô𣿷࣬ʲôҪҪڰҲԡڰħ˵
ǻǸһѺڰ񵶰ɣҶ˵
ռʹúڰ񵶣ôӳĹһǿ
ңŷʥҲߵģϺڰ񵶣ͬԷӳǿ
ţСһ׮ڰħ飬Ͼ͸Ҷ컻һ
ڰ񽣵Ĳһֻ״ͬڰ֮У̺һɿµĻ⣬ƥϢͬһɾâ
Ҷʱϲѡ
ȥɣϣԴ߲㣡ڰħ˵漴׼ȥ
Ҷ˵㲻Ǻڰħ顣
ڰħʱһ
ȻֻһźɫĹâԲƽˣøӳˡ
˵ʲôΣڰħ
ûв´Ӧ۵Ĳ飬û뵽㻹šҶЦ
ôģڰħʵĬˡ
ҶЦһģƾʲôʹãǣ۲ѹơ
һ϶ЩԣҶ϶ۻһ˿顣
ңǷֺڰħҲ̫ɺˡ
ҶЦ˵
һ飬ͨжϳͨǱԲúڰħ
ڰħ顣
Ӧ۵Ĳ˵
㾫İһУʲôĿ𣿹ħ嶼Ѿˣһ۵Ĳ飬Թħ廹ôİɣҶЩʵ
ֻصȥ磬Ҳǿܹ޸ңҵĿġ۵Ĳ鵭˵
ҶҡҡͷӦúĿȨ֮УǺһĴڣ壬ǲ֮˷Ҳȥˡ
ԣҰǷֺڰħӶѰǱ츳ˣΪ֮
۵Ĳ˵»֪һƬ纣ֻ̤֮㣬֮ڻ纣ҲǳѣٶȺԣҪۡ
ԣǳΪ֮޸ҡ
Ȼǰʸ񡣡
ֻ㴳߲㣬н֮츳ܹھŲ㣬ôаٷ֮һٵİΪ֮
˵
ҶһЦٷ֮٣֮Ҳûһ֮ĿǴΪһ𣿡
಻νΪûд߲㣬ûʸҰ㡣۵Ĳ˵ʧˡ
ֻҶڵĲ㣬˼š
˼۲Ļжģҿ϶Է϶мٻҲͲʵˡ
۵Ĳ飬Ҳȫ˵ٻһжϳ
Ҫ޸϶ģҲֻ֮޸;϶շ۵ġ
Ҷ찵뵽
ڰħûκвҶҲ⣬½㣬ء
뿪֮󣬺ɫĹٴγ֡
СӻǴϣ츳㹻ҲԻعˡ۵Ĳ鿴ҶʧıӰ
ڴʱ۵ĲȻһ٣ţйħϢ˼
δ䣬Ѿʧˡ
һ̣۵ĲٴγʱѾһλɫӰǰؿ
ɫӰѪħʼ棬ڰ֮Уѱ˷֡
۵Ĳ۵һУһֻϽᱻһʱ䷢֡
Ӧþ۵Ĳɣʣһһ˿㣬Ƿ񻹼ǵҡ¿Ѫħʼ浭˵Եúƽûκεľ֮ɫ
¿ǹħ֣֮һĺˣ岢ǴĹħ塣۵Ĳ˼Ƭ̣漴˵
ʧȥܶ䣬ҶˡѪħʼҡҡͷ˵Ǹĵӣһλħ𣬲ڵսˣʱճӣں
ֱʣҲֻ֮óϢȷǹħ塣۵Ĳ˵ͷ漴ʵʲôʵ̫ˣҲȱ޷ȻҲ޷㡣
ʣһ˿ִ𣬲ǰһġңҲ֪ĿģҪúڰħѰͨھŲǿߡҪҪԼҶܹٲ㡣˵ˣҲλǿߡѪħʼ˵
ֻкڰ񽣺ͺڰ񵶣Ҫж٣ⶫǺ󣬵˺ܶ࣬ϧûôϡ
۵Ĳ˵Ҷ죬ողŴ㣬ڴ㣬ţѾˡʵǸײ࣬Դ߲㡣
ҿԿ𣿡Ѫħʼʵ
ԣ۵Ĳ˵գΪһźѪħʼȻƾʧˡ

ڰħ㡣
ҶѾǰսܺˡ
սܻõ㣬˵㣬ƾˡҶ˵գ̤˵㡣
һսܣſȵ۾ڵʵ
ҶսɰǧνɻԻɱ
ҶȫһҲֻһѷѣҪɱҪһʱĥĥС
˵۾ӵеʵʵ̫ǿˣǰֻսܣĻҶ޷ɱһ۾ڵǿߡ
Ҷķ˺ܳʱ䣬ɱսܣ˵߲㡣
ڰУ۵ĲѪħʼ棬ǸһƬĹĻҶ촳һĻ
ûеƣ޷ˡѪħʼüͷ
Ҷ߲㶼޷ôǹħ֮˵Ǹǿأѵǹдλǿ߲Ҷ죿
Ǹֻ࣬ǿһЩѴ߲㡣۵ĲҲ˵


һǧһʮ û
ڰħ߲㡣
ǰսܣҶɫЩأԷϢﵽ˵۾ڣˡ
аսܣҪɱǼ̫ˡ
ĥҲĥҶ̾
սܣպڰħеս֮оָܻԻϲľ
ȻҶҲõá
ԣ𣬺ɱ˴ˡ
ʹ
ҵʮ˷ħֶԹħǿսܲûйħ壬ҵʮ˷ħַûжô
ҶЩź˵
ʮ˷ħǱоԹħǿߵģԹħսܡ
Ȼʮ˷ħֱһǿľѧҶֻ˵㣬ûͻƵĲ㡣
һͻƵĲ㣬ôžѧѧĳ̶ȣȫɱսܡ
ʮ˷ħֵͻƻҪһʱ䣬ռԿ
Ҷͺһʼչռƥܶʱϯһưĵⷽս
Ҷǰ˺棬ݺݵغսϣײɳȥ
ȻսܵϣֻһƴСѷ죬𽥻ָܿԶˡ
̶ֳȵĹȻֻܵˣȻҲǳǿˡ
Ҷüͷ
Ҫս޷ָôļ֮£ܹĥ
ڿƺˡ
ͬʱʹʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨һѾռ֮УһȫӳԿɱսܡ
Ҷ찵뵽
֮ǰûʹַȻҲʹá
Ϊ۵Ĳ飬һʹַǾ͵ڱԷһְѱ
ңͬʱʹһû֮Ļô۲϶µóѾں˶ȥһ
һ㣬ҶԲ֪±¶ߵݣҲȱ¶ȥһҪǿ
ȻΪжȥһ֮Ҷ졣
ǣ֪Ҷں˶ȥһ֮п֪ͨҶ
ʱ򣬼֮Ҷ죬ҲֶܹͨζԸҶ졣
˵ԸҶļˣ˵ҶЩ˵һ֮䣬ʱܹĨɱ
ҶɲԼļˡ
Ŀǰ֪ӵжȥһֻо죬壬ǲ˵ݴ½ʱħ쳶Ҳ֪
Ҷ뵽
쳶ǾضȥһȻ֪˵Ρ
գҶûм˷ʱ䣬ֱ˳˺ڰħ
ڰУעһĻ۲飬Ѫħʼ棬һ¡
СӾֻ̽һ£ˣʵӲƴһ£᲻ҲûлᰡѪħʼüͷ
ڴҶܹ߲ͨأҶֻǷ˸ƨûʺˡ
óڴѪħʼʱһ֮ɫ
Աߵ۲鿪˵Сûжٰգ뿪˰ɡõϢҿСӵ츳ȷ죬Ÿոս߾ʵĥһЩ»ǿ߲û⣬ڰ˲ǽʣµھŲ㲻֪ܴܲȥ
츳̫ǿˣֱӽ۾磬Ǿûᴳڰħˡ
ѪħʼҡҡͷߵСֲǰ׳գȻѾ֪˺ڰħ϶ѹƾ磬ͻơ

ǽ̸ʱҶѾźڰ񵶳ˡ
Сʦܣô۾ʵ
ʦ㣬㿴Ҷ΢΢һЦóڰ񵶣ʱһɿֲĻ֮ǿϢöİ۾еһѹ֡
Ȼе۾۾ֱֱҶеĺڰ񵶣ϲ֮ɫ
ŷһߵģһӵкڰ񵶣Էӳ˵
ң۾֪Ҷӵһǿˣѵ϶Ҫʦġ
ŷʥʵһѺڰ񵶣ƶǿ벽ˡ
Ҫ֪ǰʥǣȻҲԼٵĵͬԷӳơ
һѺԼϵôӳ϶ǿ
һѻһǹӳ϶СһѾѻǹôһĴڡ
ҲҪԼϣܷӳǿ
Ȼݴ½ͬѾƣκ˵õܷӳǿֻҪʵ㹻ˡ
棬ѪħʼǵһΪ벽ģ߲ǵڶŮǵŮкϵ񸫣ӳĹλ벽ǿһ
۾˵
ɴ˿ɼһԼϵЧ̫ˡ
ǺǣѺڰ̺֮ĸպǻ𵶵ʦĵһ£ֱΪġҶЦŵ˵ͷ
ˣҲˣϽʦȥɣǱߵսҲ쿪ʼˡ۾˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴뿪ۣͬʱĽ紦ȥ
ʱ˺Ĵ󲿷طǵĵһս¾ڴ˵ˡ
ŷʥħѾȥˡ
Ҷ찵ϵ׵ʱȻݴ½ʱƿء
׺ҶһͨҪҶ˵ʲôݴ½˺ڰռ֮УͻȻʧȥеϢ
͵ĹӰ۾ࡣ
ڵף֮ϣԽӰ۾
ȻӰ۾ҲӵпռĿռ䷨ȴûҶյôǿ
ңҶ컹ʱ䷨򣬴Խʱգڰ벽𶼺ѲĴڡ
˵߲ԸˣĺûᣬҿɲܴҪȵʲôʱܼߴ
Ҷ쿴ȥ漴¶Ц֮ɫ
׼ײսȻԼݴ½ħȥϵѰĹأõ
ǰոյ֪߲ѾĽ紦Ȼ׼Գֲһսˡ
һڲû߲򣬰ȫϵ˺ܶࡣ
׵Ǳټݴ½ôпҵǼ
һõĻᡣ
Ļǰ߲ټͷǳǿʵҶΪ۾ʥĻȥѰ
ԣҶʱı⡣
ôһսɡҶ΢΢һЦ漴ӿٶȣĽӵ㡣

ʱ˿̣˫ѾＯ˴׼һսˡ
һһɢ߲ʹâľ޴֮ϣΧĿռ䶼ѹˡ
һ˫޴ӣҲ߲ɫģʱŶеΡӰߵͳҲ뵲סң
棬ħŷʥ
˵ɫЩѿǱΪɳһЩʥӵλʥҲܹһ¡
û뵽߲Եǵ֮⡣


һǧһʮ 벽
߿У۷ǿڶԳ֣·һǿߺһǿǣҲڶԳš
սһ
ʱ򣡡󷽣һӰ̤նҶ졣
˿̵ԼǿϢô𣬳ħŷʥȥ
ͽŷʥЩϲ˵ͽôˣأ
Ҷ죡ħҲЩȣΪĵһλʱҶ첢ûҪս
飬ɰҶЦ˵漴Ŀصؿ߲
߲ҲҶ죬һ˫߲ɫ۾¶һĨɱ⣺ηʵ֮ŮҪ
ˣҶ쵭˵
ɲʸ̤ĵطҹɣ߲ȷ黹Ҫ죬ոճҶ죬ת۱Եˣһֻ޴߲βͳҶݺݵҹ
ߣ
ŷʥһһǻ𵶹⣬˺ǿա
ͬʱħҲˣޱߵħޱȣµĺڰڰϯֶ߲¡
ְ߲벽ǿɲѡһһǲʵ
֣߲ЦһɢֲϢƥⷽڲ

ħɫһ䣬漴Ҳһǰӭȥ
߲ʵվǿħ𼴱Ҳ·磬Ҫѹˡ
ؼʱ̣ŷʥͦħһס߲
ͬʱ߲ľ޴βȻҶ
Ҳ̫СˣҶһЦȡ˳û˿ԥ߶ڡ
䣡
һ춯صĴ졣
˲䣬涼ںƥΧʱնˡ
ţ߲ɫһ䣬۾źڣЩš
¡¡³ĿֲЯһɺ嫵ΰ߲β͵УҲ޷ǰ
е˼߲Цһ˫߲ӣЩȵؿҶеڡ
Զ׼ѾڲԱҪǿܶࡣ
һɿС

ͬʱҶг𺳡
һκͰ벽֣װ벽Ŀ¡
߲һȻܹסڵĹ
Ҫ֪һܰħɳȥ
ڣȴǿס߲һβ͡
β͹߲Ĺ൱Ҷһƶѡ
߲ʵ̫ǿˣҶ˵ǿһ
ŮҶ첢ûмŮ֣ûкŮֹ
ҳϣʸվ߲һûֹͣ巢ҵ߲ʹâһǿϢ
Ҷ쵹һ߲ԼܷӳϢˡ
˵߲ڰ벽·ϣѾߵ˼£𾳽ܽˡ
ԶŷʥħҲһأЩš
Ҫ߲ͻƵ𾳽磬棬˭Ķ֣
ʦںڰħ֮еõģ콫Ҷ˲ŷʥǰڰ񵶽
⡭ŷʥһӾ͸Ӧ˺ڰ̺ϤǹɿֲϢһһϡ
ʱϲ𾪡
кڰ񵶣еĺڰһޣһǵһǽҶ˵
лͽˣҾͲˡŷʥ˷ܣҲƳ٣ӹ˺ڰ񵶣ʼ
۷ʥΪҶǿ౶ǳ졣
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ţ
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ɫĵâ̺Ļֲ֮ϯȥ߲ǳɵòٻֵ
ߣħһȫ߶Լ߲
ͬʱҶҲһٴηڣħһ߲
߲ΣʵҲ޷
οŷʥһ̫ѤˣҲ̫ˣһ˲ͳǰ
ֻ߲ƾԼӲˣһצգγһҵ߲ʹţӭŷʥһ
䣡
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Ŀ¹֮£Χû˸ҽӽ߲ŷʥû˺±ԼĹȽȥ
Ҫ֪ŷʥƾڰ񵶷ӳֲĹûֲͬķһݽȥ롣
߲ͬķȻǿȥ㲻Ҳˡ
Ϊڰ֮еϢͬв
Ϊ˭ܹס
սʱһȺҲ˴ˣɱþ춯ء

ʥǡ
ʥʯţڹע˵ĵһս
ҲԪ֮󣬵һս
ʥû뵽ҶӺڰħ֮еõһ񵶣һ̺Ż𵶵ŷʥĹԱȼ벽ˡʯ۶ʱϲ
һľϲŷʥҲЦݡ
߲ĳ֣ЩţںˣѺڰټħҶ죬߲Ҳܺɨˡ
ʯЩǵ˵һ߲ôǿҪʣµλʥһŮħǸεֵ
ò˵ӵŮ߲ˣҪǿĶࡣ
ǣӵλʥ֮ǿֱֲ
õģˣͶһ𣬼еǣסʥˡҲǣסħʥŮ𣿺ߣҪǸҶء
ʥЦҪǣ˭ȫսΪԱ߻һѪħȻ˫ǿѪħģѪħǿҲСһܾˣôѪħͻȻһ˭ܲ
ԣˣᣬֻʹһ룬ֻ֮һʣµĻҪѪħ򡣡
ʯۻȻ򣬵˵ͷ⵹Ҳǣ˵ѪħΪֹûʲôˣսֻһʥѪħʥڲʣʥѪħʼ棬ƺܾû˲֪ڸʲô
̽Ϣ
϶ıʲôѪħ϶˱ǿ϶ѰӦ֮ߡԣǻҪǣ̽Ϣʥ

ʱѾûǱڲ
һͷһλԲǿߣ޴ĽɫſڲţԼ¶
ѰžǼ


һǧһʮ 
ǳΪһ˲ٵ̣ռһƬ
ƬޣָޣӦоС
ʱо޴ķݻգ˫գϢƴޱȡ
пֲݽ̤ǿգ޵С
һƬ޵硣
׻ڵعţʱشϢӶѰǼ䡣
վֶΣĵط϶ͬѰӦö
װ뵽
ͬʱڼԼռĸϢ
ֵעϢһЩĵط߲߲򣬻ǰأѾһƬ棬߲ˡ
ĵط
Ľ򣬱ȵʮĽĽءؾǡ
Ҳͳһǿޱȵǿߡ
ôյغؾ׵Ȼһһǰȥ̽ѰϾʱ䲢߲࣬ʱпܻ
ʱ߲ı죬¾ܹˡ
ԣױųһЩҵǼ
أ߽ȥΣգ󡣡
ãҲǲȻһλʥšҪ֪һλʥսжôǿ󣿱ʥȱ۷սȻ˷ѣҪǷսǾǿܶ
ţ߲߲ĵطΪʥ֮ûñɾ˰벽ջΪͷˡ

װ˼š
벽ǺεȾ磿Ѿ׵ļˣ𾳽ˡ
߾磬ô
ʥħǣҲ֪Ϊ۷ʥˣ񻹱۷ʥ磬޷벽𾳽硣
սӽ벽ˣͬûн硣
ɴ˿ɼжô롣
еλ벽ѪħʼԶں֮ǰͳΪ˰벽𣬿µĻۡ
Ůָ㣬Ϊ벽Ҳġ
ֻ߲ŽʥûãֱӳΪ˰벽
ԣײ²߲߲϶϶ʲôܡ
ʵϣֹһ˲²⣬ܶ۷ǿ߶߲鲻ѡ
ϧ߲ʵ̫ǿˣû˸ַ߲
ң߲߲˭ð
ڣ߲ڣҲõ󷨣Եһλʥˣʥܴ򿪡
ʱ߲Ҳ˭ô
Ҫ֪߲Ҳ򣬸û˸
ˡ
ءã߲طɣҲֻʱѡط
뵽ôų
Ϊʱ䲻ˡ
˵ĵһսֻһ̽϶ƴģֻѪħᡣ
ŷʥ˺ڰ񵶣ڼħҶ죬Ѿ߲ˡ
Ҫ˶ãⳡսҪʱˡ
ԣ׵ʱ䲻ˣֻѡɵط̽һ¡
߲ѽ룬ȥأȻȥá˵գӶ޴Ľɫƥϯȥʱһɳ죬ʧں嫵ǿ֮С
ء
һλĵ۾˭Ҳ޷ȥ
ǣҲ֪ʲôƽֻʥ͵۾ǲܽȥҲȥ
صĵط׵Ȼܺ档
壬Ȼռڰ֮УȻء
λŵ۾ڵǿߣƤӶûû뵽˻Ƥ½ء
һأ׶ʱ˺ܶϢЩϤвš
ΪЩǻ޵Ϣ
Ƭ֮УȻ޵Ϣôܣ
׵ӿٶȣǰ̽ȥ޾ǿգʱ˦
ú׿һſоסǿĴڣһ׵ʵлвߺ͵۾
ûʥ֮⣬ʵ֮ǿѾһˡ
׳ױˣû뵽صУȻôµ
ǣЩǻޣּ˾ɱĻޣ
Щ޶ǣɱ¾Ƿǳƽ͵ЩǺƽûʲô
ڱǣǸ˹Ļ޽֮ƺҲǣô߱ɱѵЩͬ˹һ֮ͨɱĻ𣿡
𾪡
оԼƺзһܡ
ûв´޴Ŷ̶̲һԪʱ䣬Ѿ˿ˣҪٹʮԪܿЩ޴һͳˡ

ɫЩأȻƹЩǾס򣬼ȥ
úһ޴ô֮С
ľʱЩ֮УĻޣɱţһɹѪȵϢǿա
Ǹ㡭
ͻȻЩԱߣһȼյ㡣
㣬ڱȡ˰ء
д㣬Щ޲ŻɱȻٽġ
ȻıǣŪһʵ顣ǵʵԹѱǿ߷֣ʲô⣬ǺҲеȻն񡣡
ҧɫѿ
ȻǴζûʲôЩôǣʵԳɹˣѾôˡ
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飬Ѿһ˵ˣһ¶ȥΪˡ
һ߼¼Щһ߼̽Ѱ
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Щͨɱ¾ʵĺܿ죬ٶȣ׶е־塣
ѹֲһԪʱ䣬ôǿߣͨɱ¾ʵֱ̫ˡ
ľѡ
Щ޸ҪҲҪֱɱ¾ǵͬ飬ܶȡԷıԴӶʵ
λ׽λףȻʱ䡣
ܵһλˡ
ȥһٸԪЩ޴ܺɨˡ
ʱ򣬿ֻ֣ܵסЩˡ
ľǣͨһߣܵһɲϢưϢֱֲ
ⲻ֮ЯϢӦһλɢϢ
һλ
λ֧һռͨЩ޹ǿߡ
֣׳ˡ
һλں
ֱ


һǧһʮ 
ûм̽ѰˣСϢռڰ֮Уźȥ
ЩֵʱλȻûзѵǱжƭǿ
ⲻܣ
׾ԲΪԼƭ𼶱ǿߣЩ޺߲ͬ޲ֻ
ҲǵҲֻ𣬶ûвһ
ǲ˷𣬿϶ᷢ׵ġ
һЩɻ˳أһжû˷֡
ֻһˣȻ𺳡

á
ͣظãҪҵǼȻϻȥǸ˵Ϣĸ߲㡣
ΪǾǾ춯صϢ
ͬأһôƯ֮УûһǿأҲû
Щȡ
ôҪĵطȻô
ײɵÿʼ鿴õϢûϸΪһֻһؾյضѡ
һ׶ʱЩȡ
֪Ϊʲôû˿ˡ
Ϊ÷ǳأ˵ûпٵʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
˴һЩ𣬵޷С
ⶫأ˷ܣֻһѡ
ȥ᲻Ҳơ
¹ȥˣǿҲˣһ羰ˡ
ڣ޶ùۿ羰ˣϾһȥĹʲôÿģ
֪ܲܽȥ
ǾŪĶôҿ϶ܹȥ
װ뵽
ͬʱ÷ȥ
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죬ŵĻﰡ
ײɵЦ
ʱˣǾŪĵط
Ȼһ̣һϤӰˣǾ졣
쿴ףҲ¶Цݣ˵ҷ߼飬صأ߼ʱͻȻ˵̫СˣЩˬԾŪãذ
ԭ֮俪һСЦ
ҡҡͷЩ
ƣЩ̫ˣЩˡ
𶼽ɼ֮
þ𣿡漴ʵ
˵ͷЦ˵ƵģӦ˵ҺһƵģǹǷȻݴ½Ҳʹݴ½У𶼺˵ˡ
ôײɵöݡ
ˣںɡ˵꣬ɢˡ
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ڣѪħħˡ
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ңʵħϵĹǼоԵİյõˡ
ֻѪħǼЩѣϾѪħʼʵټѪħʵ٣ҪҵһѪħʼ治ѪħС
뿪˵
漴ã뿪˴˵ء
û֪ԪãͻȻ֮ʧˡ
ֱú󣬲𽥱˸ˡ
ţȥ߲򿴿
׼뿪ʱͻȻת߲
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ңڵõãʵ߲ҲܰȻˡ
׵ĵ
ο߲غ߲Ϊ벽ܣҲܺ档
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˵գ㻯Ϊһɫ˺뿪ˡ
״ŮߵŮôҿԵסʥɱ𣿡
һ˿֮ɫ
ŮЦ뿪Ѫħʼɱô죿ңħڻڿɲһսĺʱֻѪħˡ
Ǿ𣿡ŭ
ЩɱԷ˭֪ʵǴĳ衣
ôȥɱŮһֱ뿪ˡ
˵棬Ȼȥָƣƽ棬ȥ߲򡣡
ˣѾˣ
һ
һ̣߲Ӵ֮С
ǣѾ߲ʱֻ۾ðŭ𣬽Χǿնȼˡ
˭ұ棬ҶҪ
߲ɭ˵
򣬶ƺܵǿɱ⣬޶ڻ
ţˣս𣿡Щؿ߲
߲Ц˵Է϶ģһߣŷʥǾֹͣˡֻǣ˵˭һԡߣû뵽ǻСǾȻǿߣŮ𶼲֪
繥ɣгɱ⡣


һǧٶʮ 

ҡҡͷʵ֮£ĹǾľսӮˣʤҲֻ֮Ѫħ򡣡
ڻõʱƽҡҡͷ
߲ЦüֻҪٹһԪͳһˣʱ򼴱ѪħǵĶ֡
λʥʱ뵽ʲôɵ¶Ц֮ɫ


׽ʱʥˣʱԦʥǸ
Ͼʥǵ֮£˭Ҳ޷Ǳ
ּǿߣǱбǿ޷ӹ̽ӡ
ҲΪʲôҶѡ߲뿪ʱǲ׽ˣΪ߲ڵʱ벽ֶΣͨҲܹʥ
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ȻãѾշ𣿡ʥʧɫиˡ
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ңסڴʱ׵ͬʱҲã¶Ρ
ʲô
ף
ʥٴ𾪣ֱš
Ǹǿĵ˾Ȼףһշá
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Ͼһոսףôӵôǿʵ
Ҷٳֵڶˡ
ʥ׳ûǱ򣬽շġһΣ׷һܣҽٿڶᡣһصģҺ⣬ֻе۾ϵǿ߲ſԲμӡ
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Ҷ죿ʥյҶĴѶʱٻˣϾǷǳҶģ׼ҶĽӰˡ
£ʥף˵ͷ˵ߣȻȥҸղѾյҶĴѶھٿᡣ
ͬʱʼϢݸʥ͵۾ǡ
ٿᣬֻ鳤Ȩֻǽ顣

ܲ
һλλʥи۾ȫۼһá
ЩɻʵʥǺ£ôż
Ҫ֪Ǹողź˽ս˫˭Ҳκβ˭һ̽ѣδһʱڣ˫Ӧò̫ᷢսŶԡ
ԣܺʥΪʲôôٿᡣ
Ҷģף˵ɡʥҶס
ҶһΣ߲Ϯ׳ûǱ򣬷һܡ
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ѵףħɫһ䣬漴ҡͷܣôӵս
뵽˹߲Ǹδ֪ǿߡ
ҶЦſħ˵ħףãշãս߲򡣡
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շãǹ߲Ƕ涼ҪĴ¼
׵ĵʵ˶岻ѡ
һһλ۷ǿߣϲɺذŷʥЦ˵
𾪵ؿף̾Ԫ˵һųǿģ𶼽ȥеĶû뵽Ȼշˡ
ͷ죬õϤ˵һΡ
ˣȲ˵ףε׷ʲôشܣʵ
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׵õãսﵽһ˼ĳ̶ȣ֣أɼܷͬСˡ
׳ǱҵһվǱأ˽Σ
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Ȼԣһܵطֻʥ͵۾ſԽ룬˲֪Ѿˡ
˵գ˵ʵֻһƽǿգ֮ԳΪأΪڵǿ֮УһȶĿռϲ㡣ռϲͨŻ򣬲ʱһЩͨǵŰӡΪءǴռϲĻޣ࣬ʵҲܳ׾磬Ӧûʲô˵İɡ
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Ц濴߼Ļޣ׼Ļ޸ǲκһ٣ڼٱš
ʲôôܣͫһ𾪡
ʥȵ߼ĻޣּĻޣôУల£
λǵõı֮𣿵һûгΪ׵ʱڱǷ޵飬˵õĽ
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ʥ˵ͷ˵ȷ飬ϸԪģһǵҲǸʱ򣬱˵츳ߴ򡣡
ҴжߵǸ㣬ǻǵðɣ˴Σ֮У㿴ǿЩޡЩͼĻͨ˴ɱܵһλ׼ޣЩ׼޼ɱͼޣܼһԪʱ䣬Ѿ˲ˡ
Ҷ˵
ɫأ˵ŽһԪʱ䣬ҪǵȵʮϰٸԪ֮󣬿¾ѪħĶˡ
ȷһܡŷʥǵֹ£Ļ
Է٣ΪԼԲٿػޣЩ޾㵮ǻۣһǿҲģҲǻᱻߵ
ǲԷ٣ǶҪֹ£޵̫ˣɱȻԼȴ̫ˡħɱ˵
ҲҪǣ汾Դ֮ѹƣЩ޷ǰ˴򣬾ϵĻ޶޷׼Ļ޽ҲᱻˣǱǵв󡣵ǣͨأȴԽˣһϯѡ
׼˵ػһռͨһλ𹹽ģͨռͨ޿ԴԴشӻأȻͨɱԽԽĻǿߡ
ȻȺһѾͻˡʥϢбҪѪħ򣬼򣬻ٵռֻͨҪûռͨƳٶҲûôˡ
ͬ
ͬ
һʥ͵۾ͬ顣


һǧٶʮһ ߲
һʥ͵۾ͬ
ҶѪħ򲻻ǣϾǺѪħҲУǺ⿴ܾˡ
ݲǣϾȺ޵вɲֹǶǣѪħͬв޴󡣡ʥߵ
ɣϵѪħʼԿʵڲУǾƻռͨΪĿģƴ
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ʥЩؿѪħʼ϶ˣȥ˵ͬ⣿
ѪħʼдȻǵˣͬĿⲻ˶ǳġ
˵գ˵ңûĵˣǵҲУȴҲһˡ
ðɣ㽻ˣĴ㣬ƶ͵Ϯصļƻ
ʥ˵ͷ
Щʥ͵۾Ϳʼ͵Ϯصļƻˡ
Ҷһ뿪ˡ
Щʥ͵۾ԪҲ֪˶ٴССսǾսҶҪˡ
ԣҶҪȥЩϼһǡȫá
ʱҶı׻۵һ𣬿ʼںϡ
ںõļ룬ݴ½Ĺͷǿˡ
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Ҷһ֣һʩչʱ䷨һʩչռ䷨򣬽Χʱճ׽һ˿Ϣй¶ȥ
ʵȷõ
ϾҶѾﵽ˰벽𾳽硣
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ⲻҶ߶ȻȻɢϢ
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սֹǿУɢϢΧշ顣
û취սֻܴڰ֮С
ҶһԾϣս֮С
սڲһ޴ĹţɢųҵĹâ
֮ģҲǲٿսĺĶϵͳ
ΪÿһѾҶˣ˲ܲٿսƷ֮ʱ͸ܵսһС
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κһ޷
֪ںﵽʲôĳ̶ȣҶ첻ɵø̾
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ڣı仯̾ȻѾУõѹҲУһں֮ǰǿ౶
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ΪսǹǷԱȼ벽ˡ
ս͵Ϯصİվ͸ˡҶʱ¶Цݡ
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ţҪս֣ǽݴ½ãʺˡ
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ȺУȻ롣
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죬Ϊһ˿ϣȻתնȥңһµԼҲҶ졣
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漴Ҷ쿴ǰսĿҵ˵ͽϣŰɣ;촴㣬Ϊһ˿ϣ
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۴ʱѾױգ۾źڰڴ˵أħ򡢶ĸһʥ˶ûá
۷ǣʱڰħϣܹʯһҵУͻƵ۾硣
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Сʦܣ
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ΧǿҲˣлһˣħɺ۾
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ָ͵Ϯص飬Ϊﻹڣ˵
ϾĽˣ˭֪֮лûǼϸ
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Ѿаմ߲ˣ⵱Ȼ͸¶ȥ
Сʦܣҿ㣬һԳɹġ۾Ц
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һԪʱ䣬ʹﵽ̶ֳȣٴһ漣Ҳûʲô˵ˣѾ𺳵ľˡ۾һЦ
⵹ǣһԵɺ۾ҲЦŵͷ
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Ҫ֪ҶһԲãˡ
ڣŹ˶ã
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ûаգȥԹ֪ˡҶЦ˵š
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Ҷŵ۾۷ʵֻҪһЩʱ䣬ǿĥսܵġ
Ȼˣھֱȥ߲㣬ϣԳɹ۵Ĳ˵գһռͨҶС
ͨռͨҶֱӽ˵߲㡣
ԶϤսܣһӾͿ˹һ˫ӣҶ졣
һ̣͵رҶ졣
֪ڰ˲ĽʲôҶ΢΢һЦֱӭȥչռǿĹɱսܡ
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䣡
һҵĵâƲ񷡣
һ̣սܾͱҶɳȥ϶һѺۡ
һĻҶʱ¶ţֻҪһЩʱ䣬ȷĥսܡ
ڰ˲Ľöˡ


һǧٶʮ ۷Ծ
ҶÿһιսһۼȻ˺۶ս˵ֻ֮УҲͲסʱĺĥ
һѪû飬ֵһᣬһνһΣͣѪǳġ
ҶڱַʽӲĥսܡ
սܵµ˲䣬һͨڰ˲ͨҶǰ
ڳɹˣľõҲˡҶһ˿Цݣ˿ռͨ
˿̣еǳ
ΪǱ츳;졣

ڰ˲㡣
Ĳһһûп飬Ϣĵأ˳㷢Ž
Ҷڰ˲ʱ۲ҲˣƺڶҶ죬̾ټԪˣҶǲˣڳֵڰ˲ˡ
۲˵ǰûдھŲ㣬ҲֻһϣһΣϣܹԽǡ
ҴھŲ㰡Ҷ쿴۲飬ǳһĨЦ
ҵȻΣҾ֮ܽ޸۲˵
ҶЦһָо۲鲢ĿģĻǰҪƭֱ̹Ծˡ
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ɵ۲飬ΪѾˣҲֻܽʣµһ˿ѹѣκβ
£Ҷ˵ڰ˲Ľأ˵߲㣬ͻȫң֪һĽʲô
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Ҷ첢ûиܵκεΣգɵýסһŻ֮⣬һ̣һɳҵĻ֮ⱬҶ˶
ǵħλ֮սĳԭڵڰ˲ĽǵھŲĽΪܹͨھŲ㣬ǰ㣬ϣܹɹ򣬳Ϊǿߡ
۲˵
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ǣҶȻԸоЩǿãֻܱסһµˣɡ
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һ˽ɣһĳңһɫġ⡱ѹ£Χʱռ䶼ˡ
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ƴƥʱճУҶ쿴飬ֹģģ˻ĽһС
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Ҷ𺳵ʱʱճУߴӰڲϵؼսš
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ⳡ۷Ծڵβ
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ħ硣
ⳡ۷ԾҶʶ»ص˺ڰħĵڰ˲㣬ϥ£ʼղŵһУԼá
۵ĲûдҶ죬ǶϣСܹɹĻҾܹصħˡ
˵գ˳˵ڰ˲㣬һصĿռ䡣
һϤӰѪħʼ档
û뵽СӾȻ߲ͨ㣬ҿǳ۷Ծ֮ȻջСѪħʼ濴ǰĹĻĻ֮еӳľǺڰħĵڰ˲㡣
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ʵǿҲóأټ۲İ˵۾ɺ۾ˣ׶ûз֡
ʮ˷ħ֣ⳡԾȻܴϣͻƣΪǿߡ۵Ĳ̾
ǿߣ
Ǻų۰
Ѫħʼ̾ϢǹħʷϣҲ͵λۣһ⣬Ϊ˹ħһͷսֲ졣СҪܹͨھŲ㣬˵ҲǱ
ھŲ㣬ħĸ߲϶ᷢСֻҪǰ׳գ϶ǹħģʱ»Ҫ֮¡۵ĲЦ
ҵǰֺСˣһЩӡ󣬲ȻԺҾҪùˡǺǣѪħʼЦ


һǧٶʮ 
ڰħڰ˲㡣
Ҷ컺۾ڵһɫ⣬һǿϢϯ˷
ͷϿգһɫ۳һɫġ⡱֣ͷųǿϢ
ͬʱһɫġ֣ҶΧչ֣һЩɫķںһſµϢ
Ҷʮ˷ħֽĲı־
Ĳʮ˷ħȻͻˣǻҪĹħʬҶ찵뵽
һιۿλ֮۷Ծôɲֹô࣬Ҷ첻ʮ˷ħͻˣʱͿռ䷨Ҳܶࡣ
ʱҶоԼﵽ߼ˣƺͻƵ۾ΣҲֻһ֮ңˡ
ңҶﵽ벽ΣͻƵ۾ʱҲԶˡ
ҶڲͻƵ۾ΣΪҪڰħĵھŲ㡣
Ҷ죬Ѿڰ˲ˣҪھŲ𣿡۲Ȼ֣ǳڴ漴
Ҷ쿴۲飬ҡҡͷЦھŲعսӦǵ۾۷徳ɣڵʵԣҪɱ
˵գҶ˳˺ڰħ
۲鿴ԶȥҶ죬üͷʱһ壺Сƺڹңʵټϸղŵô᲻һԾˣѵѾҵĶ
ܣڰħܣ棬ֻѪħʼ֪ˣЩ𶼲һŻһԪСһӲ֪
۵Ĳ漴ҡͷ

ڰħ⡣
Ҷһ۾ɺ۾ӭ
Сʦܣô۾ЩȲʵ
һЩڰ˲㣬ûнҶҡҡͷڰ˲̫ˣʱ͸¶
㻹봳ڰ˲㰡۾Цҵ㣬Ҫͨڰ˲㣬Ƶӵе۾۷ʵУôǿߡ
˵գ۾һԵףʵף㲻ȥһ𣿡
ˣҶ춼ȥҲ鷳ˡҡҡͷ
ȻⶼҶԼ˵
Ҷһιۿλ֮ĶԾ˺ܶһʱ޷
ʱ򣬾״˵ڰ˲㣬ٴλҲֻ˷Ѷѡ
ҶãȵԼһЩʱ׵ȥڰ˲㣬һιۿλ֮۷ԾһЩ벻
ңҶողĲʮ˷ħ֣ʱȻҪȥһ޵׾ѰһЩħʬ壬ɵĲʮ˷ħ֡
£Ҷ۾ɺ۾뿪ۡ
ӹ۾еĺڰ񽣣ۡ
ʱ׵ıսԽ˰۾ټϺڰ񽣣սԺܸߡ
۾ҲԽų뿪˵ˣɺ۾Ҳ뿪ˣһؾ㹻ˡ
뿪ۣҶ׼ǰ޵׾ɵĲʮ˷ħ˵
Ȼ˵ĵһνѾˣڵȻʱдսȻǵһʱʵˡ
ֻǣûҶ뿪սܲյ֪ͨ
ѾѪħʼˣ˫̸Ļԣûʲôͻ
ǣѪħʼȻҪһҶ죬ܾǷһΡ
ʥŷʥǶ⣬ҲֻϵҶˣϾһѪħ֣͵Ϯصİձˡ
˼
ҶյϢ󣬶ʱ¶֮ɫ
æϵŷʥѯʾ
ͽεҲ֪Ǹʼʲô̫ԶҲٳ֣֮У˽ⶼ١ҪŷʥѶ
Ҷ漴ϵ
·ǳԶˣʥŷʥǶܶࡣ
Ĵ߲֮֮䣬˴˶ϵ
ܿͻѶˣ˵Ѫħʼ棬±Ҫ࣬û֪ߴûγɵʱѾеһ۷ǿˣֻһֱûн𾳽硣
湻ԶģҶ찵ļ¡
ģλ棬һŷʥͬһȥҲκβǡ漴˵
Ҷ΢΢һЦڵŲء
ѪħʼǿҲǰ벽𣬶ҶڵʵټϣţԿ벽ˡ
Ӧÿѹ벽ˡ
٣Ҷʶ߲ԼƾϣţӦÿѹһѹ߲
ȻҲֻǿռϷѣ߲ѡ
ϾҶľ绹ֻܵͣǿӵа벽ټϣŵǿˡ
Ѫħʼ̫ǿˣܰŷʥʥѹƣһߵֵŮ
⻹Ѫħʼصʵս֮ǿֻ񸫵ŮԱȼ硣
ҶҲֻԱİա

ѪħĽ֮䣬һž޴ĺǣͷųȵĻ棬Χǿնˡ
һŲٷ˵Сϵ
Щǿ޷ǰǿž޴ĺϣУž޴ĺ̫˭Ҫǽӽͻᱻڻ
ȻЩȴ֪
һ죬Ӱһͬž޴̫档
ѪħʼҶ졣
ڲԶǿ֮Уվŷʥ
ϼһҲ֪ʲôĿģŷʥԶ̫˵
Цڵ㣬ټңõŵ𣿡
ŷʥ΢΢һЦš
ڵŷʥźڰȰ벽Ȼ㣬Ҳ֮ǰǿࡣ
ʥ޵ǿߣͬԿ벽
֣ԶԿ벽ˡ
ңǰõսУҶҲֳǿս
ԣǸûҪġ
ʱԶǿ̫ϣҶħʼվţƾΧĻӣҲ޷ǡ
Ҷ죬ӦǵһμˣʱĵһšħʼǺЦԵúܺ
Ҷ쾲ؿŶѪħʼ棬ǵһοѪħʼݣһӣа˲ɵøоɭ
Ѫħʼ棬ǰһҶ쵭˵
ǺǣһΪȣʲôǰġ꣬һЩţѾΪˣѵһǰǰ𣿡ѪħʼҡͷЦ
һأҶһЦ漴ЩʵѪħʼ棬һ֪أƺҲ֪ѵʲô𣿸ƺı
ˣҲݣֻǻ̫ԶˣְˡʦŷʥֲıȻҪ֪ҲԸ㣬ҵǡ¿
Ѫħʼ浭˵
¿
Ҷԣɫʱһ䣺֣ϣ
Ѫħʼ棬Ҳǵ¿ؿҶ죬˵ƺѾµҵˡ
иϣǹħˡҶ˵
ģǵλħ֮
Ĺħˣĺϡ


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˵Ҷ쵹Ҳû˵ͷ˵ҴһĲл֪ڵ棬ڻĽ磬硣
֪飬ʮ˷ħҲǸл괫ڸİɣǲǻ壿¿Ц˵
ʲô𣿡Ҷ
ǵûУֻҪ㣬ǹħͬųˣţֻҪԸ⣬Ҳӭǹħ塣¿˵
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ܲܳȥǾͿˣҲھͼǹħ塣ᣬһϣܹһǹħ壬ȺαļһǹħȻǸõѡ񡣡
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ҲԹħʲôøУǶһ·ɫ
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ǺǣǻˣݲѪħ򡣡Ҷ쵭˵
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ǺǣߣǱʥҪǿ¿΢΢һЦ漴̤նȥ
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ΣѪħǳɹļʱˡڣǸûȥʥǺúһ£ȷ͵Ϯʱ䡣Ҷ˵
ŷʥ˵ͷ漴һȥ

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Ŷ̫ˣôԪȵˣħ֮ʱЦ
ǹħʷϣҲͳλۣԣҲСҪǴ˵ھŲ㣬Ϊǿʱʲô󣿡¿Щʵ
󣿹ǵûʲô󣬲ÿһڰħ֮Уǹħһλǿߵһ˿ֻҪ˴˵ھŲ㣬ͻἤһ˿ǹħλǿ߶֪
֮ҲλǿҪͽܣϾܹھŲǿߣ˭Ķ
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ûͺãҪ󣬿»ᱻĽһЩ֪¿漴˵
ĽһЩΪ壬Ͼһǿ߶ûУµǹ˹ù֪ˣ϶Ҳħ֮ߵ
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ҪúðͽҶ죬ѾˣҪ븴ҪҶλǿǰԼСңǸһǿҲˣڹ¼ҹһҲֻͶҶ죬Ժڹħеλħ֮̾
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¿ĬˣѪħȻ㲻Ĺħ壬ȴĺ飬Ҳܷе

ܲ
ʥˣǰѪħʼѾӦ͵ϮˣǱ͵ϮʱԼ֡
ڲԣʥ˲ܸϵҪ㹻
ŷʥ˵ͷ˵桢ƽ桢桢˻˵ؼ߲ͽ桢Լ档
潻Ұɣ϶ˡЦ߲ϳ򣬷ǳ˺ܴƾһ߲ܹӴ壿
ԣһҪ


һǧٶʮ ʮʦ
潻ôͽѪħʼɣ߲ŷʥҶԸ
ʥ漴˵
ûҶȴüͷʥأ
ڵս㹻ˣʥôˣ
ͱȥˣ˳ͻȻ͵ϮŮǿ϶ԮǺܿΧκԵķǣǻȥԣҪǣסŮ𡣡
ʥɫص˵
ˣҶйâһͻȻ뵽һ⣬ǾǹӶŮԮ
̫ˣҪ˵ŷʥʥ϶ֹ
Ҷû˵
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ϣţټͻƣҶڵսѾվڰ˴۷壬߲Ѫħʼ棬Ůǲˡ
λʥѪħĲʥѪħʥħסһΣǳҪ죬Բʵ
ʥ˵
͵Ϯļƻܿƶˡ
ʥĺܺãҶû
ңֻʱļƻսʱ򣬻пܻᷢı䡣

͵Ϯʱ֮Ҷ㿪ʼչأϴιۿλ֮Ծջ
ܹܵԼʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ڲϵǿš
ռҲƺﵽһ۷壬ҪһµĲΡ
Ҷף۾粻Զˡ
Ҫ֪Ԫһٶ꣬ҶҪ۾ˡ
ٶ֮죬֮Уǰδ
;ߵ죬Ҳûֲֿٶȡ
ǰЩҶͬһǣһڻֻ׶ѡ
ǿļˣ罣޳СǣҲֻǽλ׾粻á
˵ҶѾЩͬһڵţԶԶ
Ҷ콫ЩʦǣԽˡ

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漴ģӰʵ¶һϤףһŻɫ۵ӡ
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漴˵ףҲ˺ܶ࣬еĽָҶ졣ƺֻҶ֪ݣʥŷʥ֪׵ʵݡ
ңʥҲ̽Ҷ֤Ҳͷˡ
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Ůߵƽ֮±ǲӿֱǿ϶ڼƻʲôҪ顣㲻ǺҶϵܺȥһ£ҲЩջ񡣡
Ҷ죿СʦܱͲ󣬵Ǻܴ飬ݾҪ¶ˡӿЦ
¶ͱ¶ɣѾӶҲԳûˡŮ˵
ðɣӵ˵ͷϴһ˿ɬԣĲ뿪Ҳ뱳
ֻǣһУںܶԪǰѾעˡ
һ죬վǵˡ


ҶڱչأͻȻӭһλˡ
˵һλʦ֡
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ʮʦ֣ʲôˣҶ쵱أȥӭӣλʮʦֵǳչˣָ޸˵»ǣĶܴҲĹϵܺá
ʮʦִһɫĳۣǰҶ죬п˵СʦܣǼʦȻµõ㽫ĳɾͻܸߣû뵽ôͽ߾磬ӵгս
һжʦ̵зλʦֵİҶЦǺ˵漴ʮʦֽǡ
ǾҶصѰҵһȻ˺ܶ󷨣һϵеĸ죬ȻΪҶҵפء
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һߺŲ裬һװŲӡ
ҶҲûлɣҡҡͷ˵ողź˶һʱڲᷢսλ飬Ҫ飬ǹڡ
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Ŷ߶֪ҲԣϴˣЩ֮УѱٳһϸʥʦľǷǳȷġʮʦЩȣ漴Ҳ˵ͷ˵
˵գʮʦٴʵСʦܣѾܾûдʦֵϢˣ֪Ƿ֪ȥ
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ʮʦָ̾ԵЩˡ
Ҷ췢ʮʦֵ״̬ЩŹ֣ɵ˵ʮʦ֣ôôͻȻ˸п


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Ҷйâһ漴˵ʮʦ֣Ҫ׼ˣϿܻһսӶ򡣡
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ҿڴˣôģֻսЩ߸һʮʦֹЦ漴̤նȥ
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ʦ㣬ʮʦ˺ܺãҺܶ࣬ʵڲǼϸҶ漴԰۾˵
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۾漴˵
ʦ㣬ǰ滹ʦܺʦܣȻŵʦܡ
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ֻڻ͸¶ϾԺҲõݵʱ
ôͽˣҲϣʮʦֲǼϸ˵ʵҸʮʦܣϾŷһֻʮʦһֱڳ߾磬ûʲô쳣ٶжǼϸ۾̾
ʦ㣬İɣһġʮʦǼϸһʦáҶ˵
ǼϸҲ顣
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飬Ҷ쵱ȻٴηԷпʦ֡
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⡭ðɣҶҧҧ漴˵ͷ
۾漴뿪ˡ
úҶٻףǱгȥʮʦ֡
ףǱѾԽ˹Ӱ۾벽𶼺ѷ֡
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ʮʦֿЦ룬СʦӦöģҲģҲֻһ̽޷϶
ټ٣ټ棬ȷ׽Ů˵ͷ漴ɫת˲һ䣬ߵһǿףȰ벽ǻпܹӶ򡣱Ͼǰã׾Ǳ򣬰߲߲򶼸ˡ
ҲпܣϾʥŷʥԸҲ޷۾ǵıѣ϶Ҫġʮʦֵ˵ͷ˵
ߣһףһ壬ҲһŽһһҲԿ⣬ǸҪ׼ˡ
Ůߵ
һ׼СʦܾͻµǼϸˡʮʦ̾
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ãʮʦЩɬص˵ͷ֪Ѿûѡˡ
ӺܶԪǰѾעһ죬ֻһ죬վǵˡ
صͨѶʮʦֿǿգ̾ʦվǷֵˡ
úʮʦʲôҲûʰô뿪סսȥ
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Ҷ죬ҲյϢһͬʱԦϣѸٸ
ʮʦ֣̫ʧˣû뵽ǸϸĻ㡣
ϣУҶһʹļףиǳɱ⡣
û뵽ʮʦֻǸͽ
ͬʱҶҲϢ˰۾
۾Ĭ˺ܾã漴ֻһ֣ɱ


һǧٶʮ ɱ
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̤ӶķΧʱʮʦֻͷһķ̾ʦ𣬻ʦֵǣҪңЩ飬Ҳ޷ѡ񡣡
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ʮʦֿǰҶ죬ɬСʦܡ
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Сʦܣɱҵģǻȥɡ򣬵Ůˣͻزȥˡʮʦߵı󣬵˵
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Ҷüͷһ¶֮ɫ
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ռ
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۾ЦҶ죬һע޻أѾӶķΧʥŷʥҲˡ
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ҶȴЦмһˡֻǾڰ񽣣ʩչռ޵еĻ֮ʱܷӵ
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˿̣ռһϵ¼ֱޱȣⷽأеһУڰĵû
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һѾͻ˵ļ£һĲΡ
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۾ֱӱһɳȥӰ˲𣬿µѪţ嶼Ҫˡ
һߣ߽񸫴߶˼£չ񸫵ľǿסһҲ˻ȥ
ţ𾪵صҶ죺ôܣôܰӵز
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ͬڲͬ˵УӳҲͬ
ֻܷӳһ۾ԷӳʥԷӳ
벽ĻһҲԷӳҲпܷӳɰ룬ĳ
ߺ۾ֻܷӳԭǿҶսǿҲֻһߣֻܷӳһǵĶ֡
ȻҶȴѺڰ񽣷ӳɵֱ൱һ벽ˣʵ𾪲ѡ
µȥɣҶһ۾ɱƥͷųеĺڰ񽣱貵ĵâ۾ˡ
۾߾ȫֵȻѪɣҲѷ죬ǳܲסҶĹҪˡ
ЩȻΪȻвҶ졣
Ҫ֪ҶҲսʱ˴˫Ҳֻǲ¶ѣ˭Ҳκβ˭
ڣŹ˶ãҶȻѾɳֵزԶԶ
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ͽɣҶɱεͷųеĺڰ񽣣âݺݵɱ۾
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ͬʱߴҶ죬㲻Ҫ̫磬Ůɱаɡ
˵գ͵һھѪһλ۾۷ǿߵľѪ񸫶Ⱦˡ
һ̣һѪɫӰ·۳ԼԼԿóŮӰ
ѪɫŮ䶢ǰҶ죬һѾס񸫣Ҷ
һ˲䣬ҶоϢѹ·棬һͷ֮ˣ޷赲


һǧٶʮ ԾŮ
Ů𣡡
Ҷһ䡣
֪ⲻŮ𣬶Ů̺еһ˿꣬߸˳
ϾŮģѾŮȻŮ
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ʱŮڴ߶ˣȻŮЩ࣬ȴǿ˲֪ٱ
Ҷʱܵ˾޴ѹæٺˣ֮Ӳƴ
Ҫ֪еǺڰ񽣣ڡ
ڣӦһǺڰȴС
ҶҲ壬ֱ˵ϣ档
ʱͳˣ߶ϣţѪɫŮѹ
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ͬʱѪɫŮĸͷϣ棬ȴֻϣһ£û̫˺
߿һĻɫʱ䣺ⲻܣ
찡ʲôԶ۾Ҳɴ۾
ȻŮı𣬵ϾŮ֣ԿȰ벽ˣȻ޷ǰս
ʲôս
ǰδС
ǿ׵Ӱʱʱһ˿⣬֮ɫ
ǰã״ǿ߶֪ô֪ܲأ
û뵽׾ȻҲˡ۾ɫһ
׵ʵȰ벽ǸǶ֣Ͻߣߴֱץסʮʦ֣㳯źȥ
ǸѪɫŮҲɫɫһ䣬ʼȫ߶񸫣ϣżɱ
Ҫ۾ʱ䡣
һ˿꣬Ҳǰ㱾ˣҲûã׿ŲԶѪɫŮЦ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҷ챾߶ں̣ףԶѪɫŮ𷢶˹
һΣһ𣬲ҶҲӳֱﵽһֲļ¡
ѪɫŮֱӱںɳȥ
ɱûѪɫŮ𳹵״ݻ٣Ͼֻ߾Ѫһ˿֧꣬Ų˶á
Ǽȴƿգֱ뿪ˡ
״߶ѹ£ȴ޷赲Ůٻ񸫣Ƕ벽һ֣ס񸫡
ȻҶҲûжʧԦϣţ۾ѹȥ
䣡
ٴκ
۾һŮȴǲ̫Զˡ
һֱӰ۾ûʱҶ߶̣۾ɱˡ
ǸҲҶû
Զߺʮʦ־ô״չг˾
֪ԼӲߣΪΧĿռ䱻Уܹӵùϣţ
ŮȻѾڼٸˣҪһʱ䡣
һʱ䣬׺ɱˡ
ʮʦ֣һǵֻҵʮʦ֡Ҷʮʦһۣ漴ڰ񽣣һն
Сʦܣܹʶ㣬ĺܸˡʮʦ΢΢һЦ۾
ס֣߾ŭӣæʮʦǰȻûںڰǰһֱӱƥĵâ˺塣
ңǵɱʮʦҲûˡ
ʮʦֻһȵߣսҶԶοҶʹȫһء
û˿⣬ʮʦˣڰȥĵâûˣһ𶼱ˡ

Զ壬ŭصҶ죺Ҷ죬ȡ֪ʵ𣿡
ʵԶֻҵʮʦ֣Ҷ˵ûڰ񽣣߶ն
߽ȴӲΪ״߶ϣţѹסƬء
ھˣܣֱҶ죬ŭҶ죬Ҹ㣬ʮʦʵŮĺӣΨһһӡ벽ѵãɱŮ𲻻Źġ
ʲô
Ҷ𾪡
ʮʦ־ȻŮĶӣϢ̫ˣֱš
ȻŮͽܣʱ˵ѡ
ͬʱҶҲ֪Ϊʲôʮʦֻѡˣûѡһʦһĸףѡ˭˵һѵľ
ѹ֣ղʮʦֻһ˿ѵЦݡҶ찵һ̾
ͻȻЩڣɱʮʦ֣ΪʮʦֲҪѣֻǱΡ
ϧʮʦѾˣˣپȻʮʦˡ
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һΣҶûĻᣬֱӴ߶ϣźɱڷҵһ˲ߡ
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ؿʮʦ֡ҶС
һĶӣһĹŵӣ׵ˣ˿̶ˡ
һǰ
Ůǰ벽Ѿ飬˿Ҳɵŭ죬ޱߵɱγѪӶ

źԶǿգŮѾ̲ס񸫣ϣźݺݵغɱ
ǿֲ񸫣ͷųƥܣǿգһƬ֮⣬û;Ҳ֪ݻ˶ٿ򣬾ôֱӺϣš
ܶӶͷˣ֪ʲô飬ͱһˡ
һŭ鶼Ҫѡ
ȻŮ𻹲𣬵һȴѾǳӽˡ
Ů㻹ֶβ̰ŭȵ
ȻЩ鶼ӶģԺΪĵˣǿôѣҶҲеǳķŭ
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Ҫ֪Ҷͱ飬һӷ˳ɳġ
ԣԴˣҶ첢߸ϡ
һȺ϶ѣŮмߵ
Ⱦ磬ǰֻһֻϣοһȺ˺ͨ顣
ҲֻһֻϡҶǳŭ
û˵߶ϣţӭŮȥ
ûܣǳӶŮչһ۷Ծ
ҶϣУսףʵϣҲڴ߶ں̣ȫɱŮ
ŮһжϾҶʵսûб˵֪
䣡
Ů񸫺ݺݵϣ棬һıԳ֣˫Խ߲ħʼ档
һͷϣţսڲе׺Ҷ춼һҡΣ޴սǱɳȥ
һͷȻûйϣŵķ


һǧٶʮ ͵Ϯ
䣡
Ů񸫻ϣŵͬʱҶҲڣɱŮϡǿֲ֮⣬ЯŻΰŮ𳹵ûˡ
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ĹȷǿǷͲˣ߲
򣡡״һ߶ãѹ¡
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Ůüͷһ壬¶֮ɫЩȻںϵһѵ˵ģ
ʲô˵ҶЩ⣬ͬʱҲû飬߶ں̺ɱƥ
ߣŮһһ߼ʩչ񸫣ԹΪһЦ˵ߵһλǿߴ߼߼ϳһԪ˶ѰңһЩ𣬵ûҵ
ŶȻĴ˵ҶЦȴȻû뵽ЩȻҲ֪飬ûеõ߼Ļȱκһ޷
Ѿҵ˲ֳ㲻ʹãǽҰɡŮһ񸫴߶˼£һķâ˺˲ռ䣬ʱ䳤Ӷնˣݺݵغϣ档
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ס״ȣô߶˼£εٴǿͷţΧʱ̡
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ԣŮ𲻵ò˻ȥ޷ϣš
ʱѾסϣţԦŮ
һʱ䣬ټսգò񷶼ս
ңԶǿ֮УһλλӶǸչȫ𾪲ѡ
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ҶŮս̫ˣˣܿͱе۷ǿ֪
ͬһʱ䣬ҶҲʮʦֵݸŷʥ
ŷڲĵʱ򣬳עʱ͵Ϯصĺʱʥ
ˣŷʥ˵ͷôԪ;һλλͽĲʹȻС
ͬʱʥ֪ͨеǿߣ׼Ǳ
Ѫħʼ桢ʥѪħʥõ֪ͨ
һ۷ǿߣȻ򸽽׼Ǳ롣
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˵գԦ׼Ӷ
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ף˭Ǳ߲ߵ
ŮκβףȥҲãҪҲסˣѪħ򲻻Źֺʱġ
߲Ȱ˵ֱӴ߶Ӷ
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һףֻǱ򣬿϶صܡʱŭ
һʥŭѣ׷׸ء

Զǿ֮Уʥŷʥһؼǰ
ϧ߲û뿪ĻǾȻǱˡʥ̾
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ǰ벽ǽӽѾ߲ȥء
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漴أٶȺܿ죬Ѫħʼ߲սʱǱѾϵء
һʥҲˣз桢桢桢桢ƽ棬ʥˡ
ֻн滹ûг֡
棬ҵܾˡ˷棬˵ɱֱӾɱ޴߲ĻҪӴѹռ䡣
һ۾Ϳͬɱ죬Ȼˣͱٻȥˡ
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˳˼ۺ죬ֱɱһҲûвͽȥ
ɱ
ʥҲ˹ȥʵǳǿֱס棬ѹ
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ɱ
ٵռͨ
ʥŷʥʱһ𹥻ռͨλ޵۾ֱӱûĿֲ֮С


һǧʮ ս
ʥŷʥأôĻǿߣЩ޵в
ԣǺԥ㿪ʼݻռͨ
䣡
ŷʥ߶ڰ񵶣ҵĵâأǰĿռͨնȥ
ʥ߶ʥǣɢһɿֲѹȻײǰĿռͨ
λ۷ʥУƥܡ
ռͨȻǿ󷨣޷ֵĿֲܣһһݻ١
ڿռͨһߣȴһŭ
ŭضڲʵʻŵŷʥʥǵˣǵҵ߲ʹâϢŵסһ
Ȼȴһκˡ
𣡡
˵λ𣡡
ʥŷʥ𾪡
ƣ¸ǿգһŭ𣬾ġ
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ûϵʥ漴Ц
ɱŷʥڰ񵶣ռͨնȥһֲܿޱȣռͨ·ҪƵġ
ʥҲ߶ʥǼɱ
䣡
ͻȻһֻ޴צӿռͨ̽˳ƥƣʥ棬ʥķɳȥ
ͬʱֻצҲס˿ռͨ
ŷʥɫһ䣬û뵽ôԶλȻܴӿռͨ̽һֱצӡ
Ҫλ𣬿˲ͱɱˡ
õģңԶһ汾ԴѹƣӳҲǿﵽ벽𾳽ѡʥ߶ʥǹһЦ
䣡ŷʥһնֻצޱߵȻһµĵâӺڰֻצˡ
Ȼֻצֻܷӳ벽
ŷʥʥٴιռͨڼֻצҲڲϵʱ䡣

һƬǿ֮УѪħʼ¿߲Ҳɱţڲ
ӵһǰ벽𣬴ѽѷ֡
԰Ѫħʼ¿ǿһЩⲻǾƣճ̶߲֮ϡ
Ҫ֪¿ǰǹħȻûʵȴӵļ䣬ֹͨħľѧʹҲ߲ӵĴ졣
߲Ҳǰ벽Ȼ·磬ȴ԰ơ

ڴĴսȴǳһ浹
ʥѹס档
ħѪħʥ֣Ҳѹס桢ƽ棬λʥ޷ȥԮ
˼ҵ۷ս涼
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ΪõϢŷʥʥһ֮С
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Ҫ֪ҪһȶĿռͨҪĲ̫ˣеĲûС
ǺķԪ׼ԪųɹͨͨĿռͨ
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ֻ߲ܰϣڽˡ
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߲ȻҲ޿κΣΪλʥڽе飬ҲͬҪ뿪
˵Ҫɹˣеǳ˷ܡ
Ѫħʼ棬ȻǸǾһҲˡ߲𣬽߶˼ޣɱѪħʼ¿
¿ߵСƾҲ˵˴󻰣ټŮ𣬻ࡣ
ߣ߲ߣѪħʼ档
ͬʱһܿռһӴ壬һͷݡ
ǣͷ̫Ӵˣ߲ҪӴʮ
ңͷݿЩе·𼯺Ⱥŵ㡣
ͷѾˣֻʣ߲ûһ˿Ϣ
ʱ棬ϥ֮УǼĳ˴˵꣬Ӵķ֮С
ɶû뵽ʱ򷢶Ѫħ򣡡յ߲ĴѶʱŭѡ
ԵһЩڱЩ˵Ŭô꣬Բܹһ񡣡
ãֻҪ壬Ԧ壬ǾܷӳʱǶЦ

Ѫħ򣬹ħ̳
ԭΧŹħ̳ϥĶʥħԨʥӰħʥˣͻȻ۾
ͬʱһǿ־ٶ¡
ϲ̤벽𾳽磬ڣ϶ȥħӶҵĵҡħ֮
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ʥԣΪϵѪħʼ档
УʼŻѭħ֮ѹû
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Ѿﵽ˰벽𾳽磬ʵǳǿ󣬺ܿ͸ϵħ
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ʥڰ·ϸĵǰӶ
ԶʥѾڼսŮףʱ𾪲ѡ
û뵽׵ʵѾôǿˣ˻⻹õҰæ𣿡ʥЩ𾪣ʥһԾϵ벽𾳽磬Щ⡣
ǿ׵սҲûеˡ
ףŮսһЩ
ˣʥǸ˹ȥ߶ڰ񽣣Ůնɱȥ
Ѻڰǵ¿ӺڰħдģǳʺѪħǿʹãڶʥУӳʵǳֲ
ʥȻ˰벽𾳽磡ŮһǶʥʱʱš
ϣϣҶҲ֮ɫ
ǰսͶʥһԷֻʥڣôһӾ˰벽𾳽磬һõһѺڰ񽣡
ǳǺڰħĲֻͨڰħ㣬ܵõ


һǧʮһ ƴ
ѪħӦòӵͨǿߣѵΪ¿ǹħ壬۲Ÿ
ҶܿͲµԭ
ͬʱжǸ۵ĲӾˣΪԷվڹħһߵġ
ҶǣʥȻṥŮ𣬶֮ʵ⡣
ףһ֣ɱŮ𡣡ʱʥ
Ҷ첻ɵøˡ
ֺ£Ҷ첻ܾһ߾ʥһ߼ɱŮ
λ벽֣ӳֲ̫ˣϾҶͶʥ
ŮȻ·磬ܵش
Ҫɵһλ벽𣬻ŮǿߣǷǳѵģʱڸֲʤ

ʱħԨʥӰħʥҲħλ벽ϢǳֲοҲûأֱӳħ򣬿µϢһӾͱʥͺڰʥˡ
벽𣡡

ʥͺڰʥɫһ䣬г𾪺͵ǡ
٣˶һ˴˹Ҳ֮Կһλ벽
£Ǵ߶ӭ˹ȥ
Ӱħʥ
ħԨʥ
ʱʥͺڰʥɴ۾ţ·һ
ʥڰʥǵڣʶ࣬ѡ񳼷ѪħɣħԨʥЦ֮ɫ
ӰħʥЦ
ʥͺڰʥɫѿѶ߲Ů
ʲôӰħʥħԨʥ̤˰벽𾳽磿߲ںѪħʼսͻȻӵϢʱ𾪡
ΪǰãŮѾѶʥҲ˰벽𾳽硣
ѪħʥһӾ͵λ벽
ʲôʱ򣬰벽ôֵǮ
ֱ߲±ˡ
ڹʥͺڰʥ߲ҲΪ
ڵսѾ漰֮е۷ǿˣѪħͻȻλ벽𣬸˵ĳ̫ˡ
棡棡߲г˽λʥѶ
֪£ҲǳҪͷ߲
ңǲܳɹ壬ȥҲãϾǵʵ벽൱ڷѡ
û뵽Ѫħһӵλ벽϶ʲôԭ򣬷ʥǲܽ벽𾳽硣
ϣϣҶҲյϢʱ𾪲ѡ
ΪͶһֱڹעħȻҲӰħʥħԨʥɱħ򣬶ʥͻȻ벽𾳽磬Ҳˡ
벽ǿһֻ𾳽硣
Ԫ֮УҲֻλ벽ѡ
ϵǷ棬ʥħǣ۷ʥ硣
ǵ츳ⲻܣ
ɴ˿ɼҪ벽𾳽磬Ƿǳѡ
ڣʥħԨʥӰħʥ˱˰벽𾳽硣
Ҫ֪ʥѪħʵ͵ʥ粻ʥѪħʥôܽ벽𾳽أ
֮Уеʥ޷š
ʵǰݲǲš
ħԨʥӰħʥȫ֮£ʥͺڰʥܿͱشˣǶ֡
ȻʥͺڰʥӵӰħʥħԨʥҲӵǻǰ벽𣬸ܹӳ
λ벽֣˭ܿ⣿
ʥͺڰʥһۣû˿ԥֱѡܡ
ʱҲʲôħҲʲôˣסԼСҪġ
ټҲ벽㹻ˡ
ħԨʥӰħʥȻɱǣҲ֪ʵֻƾȥ
ԶڶĶʱ۾һһԵ˵ǣΣ
У
ҡҡͷǺѪħʥֻʱֶѣѪħλ벽ʵѾԽԽˡʱǲܼ˵ʵֻѪħˡ
ú͸
ҲܿͷӦˣ˵ͷ˵ֿԶѪħһҰĲȷܰǡ
ʵϣ벻
ǶħԪѾ
ԣڿʥͺڰʥΣʱ̲סҪ֣Ͼ̫ѵˡ
ħˣ
̾
˵ͷǸǿڹš
ûйʥͺڰʥħ򣬸޷ֵӰħʥħԨʥλ벽£ħѡ˳
Щ۾Щߣ϶ѡ˳λѪħİ벽½ơ
ЩԸ⳼ħǿߣλѪħİ벽նɱˡ
ͶԶԶţͬʱ˾裬벽ṥ
ãλѪħİ벽ûнĿָ
Ӱħʥħ򣬲Ѫħǿ߲ϵؽħ򣬿ʼӹħ
ħԨʥ
ⳡ漰սڼš
ʥŷʥǴݻռͨ𣿡һ߼ս棬һߴѶ
˭Ҳû뵽ѪħȻһӵλ벽ʹѪħʵһԾϣԽᡣ
ĻᱻѪħ֮ԽϢʥŷʥ
ʵϣҶѾϢǡ
ʱ֮УʥŷʥѾռͨݻһˡ
ռͨһߵĻŭѣȴ޷ֹʥŷʥ߾ȫҲֻסռͨһС롣
ȥǰ취ţʣµһСֿռͨѱݻ١ŷʥ
û뵽ѪħȻλ벽𣬲ʲôԭǵʵǿˣѾΪĵһˡʥ硣
ְɣռͨѾǴݻٵĲˣսٳȥֻѪħԽԽŷʥ
ã˰ɣʥ˵ͷ漴Ѷǿߡ
ħӵϢͰֳˣҲû
ΪʱħԨʥѾˣһλǿİ벽ƻ̫ǿˡ
ңѪħһֱͶˬôѵõĻᣬǵȻ顣
ħԨʥһش棬ò˵̫ˣشȻֱʥѹŴֱħԨʥشֱû˱ùˡ
ãħ˵ļʱԦȻҪɱˡ
зļ룬ȻΣգϾħԨʥѾǰ벽ˣһӵ
ؼʱ򣬹ʥͺڰʥ˽Ѿɥ֮ȮֻܱĴȣʱȻþ档
ʥŷʥҲ뿪ء
Ѫħʼ沢û뿪Ȼڹ߲
ѾΪѪħ˵սˣǿ¶˳


һǧʮ Ĺ
߽
ʥŷʥħλ۷ʥңңķ
кüɰ벽ǿֲսȻڼþ춯أ֮ǰӼˡ
ѪħĽ档
ʥռͨݻٵˣħѯʵ
ʥ˵лҲǴݻһ룬ʱǸ޷ָ
޵вʱųˣѪħλ벽𣬳׸ıľơŷʥ
û뵽ѪħȻĵƣ̾
ʱѪħʼ߲ڼսħԨʥ͹ʥڰʥսһ
Ѫħʥӭս棬ʥлƽ桢档
汻ħԨʥشʱѾսˣսС
Ȼйʥͺڰʥļ룬Ϸ硣
ӰħʥѾڸ·ϣ
ˣʥҲŮ𣬸ˡ
λ벽ǿߵļ룬ֵܵ
ʦǲҪŮ𣿡Ҷ촫Ѷ
ʱȻںŮսţһʥŮҲ޷
Ϊõѹ̫ǿˣټϣŵǿԼ֮ǰŮܴʹ޷ס
ʱãѪħļޱƳϾ滹ûг֣սɡŷʥЦ
Ҷ˵ͷŮ𣬲ŮȥԮ
ʵϣŮûҪȥԮҶɱͽܺͶӣѾɱۣһֻҶ챨ѩޣ
ⳡսʱǲˡ
Ҷ찵뵽漴ڰ񽣣һռͨ뿪ϣš
Ů뿪Ҷ죬ʱ۾һУ˵ɱϯ
䣡׿ڣŮɳȥɱɱŮ޷ȥ׷Ҷ졣
ͬʱϣŵѹƸǿˡ
ȫŮֻؿҶȥ޷׷ûðɡ
뿪ӶҶ첢ûлص򣬶ǰħ
ħλʥ٣ӰħʥҲո뿪ʱħûκһλʥҽĹصĺʱ
Ҷ찵뵽
ʵٶȷǳ졣
ħ֮󣬱˵ϵƬʹ̽ˡ
ңһ͸ӦĹأΪϢ̫Ϥˣݴ½һģһ
һƬ޾֮еķĹΧɱһ˽϶Ҫʥûжٻ
ҶȴЩɱɱһѾ˽⣬ɵؾͽС
ңҶʵǳǿźڰ񽣣ʥ۷ˡ
ڰСܻοڵҶ졣
Ҷֳֺڰ񽣣һ·ֱײĹصĺġ
Ҷ쿴ϤͭϤ֮ɽ
Щ˵߲ʵĽ˿ȴƽأҶɵ̤
Ҷ쿴һƬ嫵ǿ磬кܶϢ
УΪǿϢһеϤ
ʥħ𣡡ҶţʵǺεȵز˫Ŀⱬ䣬ֱӿ˲գϤӰ
ǵݴ½֧֮һʥħ𣬿ϧľսУλѡ˱ѡ
˵ѡһַʽͺڰЭӶסݴ½
վʧߡ
ȻҶڶѾûжٳˣϾλжݴ½ֻǵѡ˴ķʽˡ
ô걻ѾǶλõĳͷˡ
ȥһԪλΪҲֹֻ񾳽磬ĺѡ
ΪûԴҲûйսûָ㣬½ѡ

Ҷ첻ɵüͷ
ﵽ˰벽𾳽磬һɨ֮£Ա鲼Ĺأ̽һ
ȴûз䡣
֣ҶЩƣʱȴѯʾˡ
Ǹʱ򣬾ĲлǰգѾɢˡ
ʱֻԼѰˡ
ȥʥħô꣬Ҳ֡Ҷ찵뵽
漴һһž޴ϡ
һ˵
ʵϣĹ汾ûǺڰİˡ
ûкڰİЩ˽ǿһҲ񼶱
ʥħǷΪϵˣͳƬǿ硣
Դӽ֮ʥħһֱڱչأܾûгˡ
ǱչصĹΧǿ󷨣˸޷̤УҲҪɱ
Ҷȴɵ˽Ϣʥħǰ
ڱĿϥѹûзǰһˣֱҶһȣǾѡ
˭
Ҷ죿ôܣ
ʥħ۾Ҷʱ۾ɵϴš
ǰ꣬˵ʵ̫Ϥˡ
꣬Ҷɱ˺ڰ񣬾ݴ½
ȥһԪȻ޷Ӱʱ֣ûѡѣҲͻݴ½һ뿪ˡ
ϧʱ޷ء
ֱٴοҶʱɵһ㱡

λþòҶ쵭Ц
ʥħԣʱȷǰ֮˵ȷҶˣǷǳ棬ҶôˣңҶΪƺǿˣǶ͸ˡ
Ҫ֪Ѿ񣬱ȵĺڰҪǿࡣ
ȥֻһ˻𣿡ʥħ̲סʵ
Ҷ죬ڵʲô磿Ҳʵ
ǻԼɣҶóһˮһЩϢעУаݴ½ϢȻ󽻸ʥħںϡ
ںˮ֮󣬶ʱһУҲ֪ݴ½͵һЩ˵
ֻׯܶ׾磬ϷЩҲΪףǸпѣиӺˡ
Ҷ죬ǵ֪ҶѾվ۷壬ֱ;ˡ
Ǵˣʥħ̾
ݴ½Ҳ֡
һжѾȥˣԸ뿪ҿԴǳȥҶЦ˵磬ǵԹѾˡ
οʥħ𵱳ֻԹۣûݴ½˳֡
뿪
ʥħ۾һһĶ
գǻҡҡͷ
˰ɣҲǵĹޣҡҡͷ
ҶԲֻء̫ǼλѣʵûǡʥħЦ
ôȥѾˣǻǡҶҡҡͷ˵Լúÿһ°ɣҪѰһʱ뿪˵ءˣǿ֪ʲôصĵط


һǧʮ õ
Ҷѯʣʥħɫһ漴˵Ҫ˵صĵطӦþ֮ͭɽˡͭӦһǳǿϧ޷շҲյģʲôҲûС֮ɽ󷨣޷ʵǣôҲֻǴɽ
Ҷʱһʧͭֻһǿѣʥħ˵߲ʣǶڵ˵ÿһۡ
֮ɽںܶǰˡ
ûĵطҶʵǿ˵ҲͲҲǼ
Զĵطкܶɱ赲Ǹ̤롣ӦǴİɣﲻ֪㲻㡣һԵ˵
Ҷ쳹ʧˣ˵ɣʱһǣڴڼúÿһ£ҪԸ뿪͸һ߰ɡ
˵գҶ˾ôʧˣ޺ۼ
ǿռ䷨ﵽǳĵزӵеĿռ䴩졣
ʥħһ㶣漴̾Ϣ
ôȥҶΪѾɲˣЩѣСǣѾԶԶˡʥħЦ
ǱȻģǱǼʶ˸ӹ磬Ȼǿܹݴ½ķչҲİˡ˵
ʥħתͷô
ȥŬô꣬Ҫȥĺûᣬܷ˵
Ҳȥǲ֪Щǣʥħ̾
ǾͲҪ԰ɣôڱĵطһʲôʱĽ⿪ˣȥЩǸ˵
Ҳֻˡʥħ˵ͷ

ʱҶƬǿУʹÿռ䷨ٶȷǳĿ졣
һһӡ̤Ƭǿÿһط̽Ѱκпĵط
Ȼûջ
Ҷصͭ
ѵֻܵõһ𣿡ҶЦ
ڵ˵ٶֵһᣬͭҲ׼ԼҶҵĺСӶѡ
˵ּԼˣһλ
ף֮ɽͻȻҶһ̤֮ɽɽ¡
ǰ֮ɽͫһ¶Ⱥɻ
һʼɨ֮ɽʱ򣬸û⡣Ϊǰɾʹ
ԣҲͱˡ
ϸһȴѾıˣһЩµ󷨣ǰǿˡ
ûлѶʱʹ֮ɽʥħҵǿˣǻһԪʱ䣬ܴ֮ɽŶԣ
Ҷʱ뵽ʥħĻ
ͬʱҶ˫Ŀ⣬ǰ֮ɽϸȥ
Ȼ֮ɽѾıˣƺһ飬ñǰǿˣѹʥħ޷ȥ
ҶԼĪţײܴȥɡ
Ҷǣ֮ɽȻԶ󷨣˵Ȥ
£Ҷ쿪ʼ֮ɽΪ֪ʶɾʹȥˡ
Ҷ촳֮ɽʱ֮ɽ󷨿ʼ仯ˣɽ¿ʼһ󷨿ʼñ֮ǰǿˡ
ڣҪߵʵܴȥɣ
Ҷˣͬʱϲ
ã֮ɽӦþĵطˡ
£Ҷóڰ񽣣УʹѺɫ񽣱Ľâǰ֮ɽһ¡
䣡
飬֮ɽסڰ񽣣һɽ塣
һ̣һ߲֮ɽڲôϤ
Ҷ۾һһ̡
ˣҲֻ̣֮ɽ󷨲ϵҶʱЦˡ
ͬʱҲǳ˷ܣΪǵڶ̣صӦö𼶵ķ󷨡
һϣţôϣŵķﵽһֲĵز
Ҫ֪ϣ˹Ե̣ڣԼã漸ﵽ˼ˡ
ϣŵķȴֻãȻҲǿ󣬵Ҳֻ൱ڱѡ
ֻҪԵУôϣŵķˡ
Ҷ쵱˷̣ܵȻһγʥħǰ
ǿǵôҶʵ
ǿǧˣӦÿǵĲˡ
Ȼʥħ˵ǵȻ뿪˵أʱݴ½㽫һطɡ
Լһ£Ҳ˵
Ҷ΢΢һЦеĹ˼ɣ˵ͷðɣǡ
ʵݴ½Ѿˣϣš
ǾͷˣʥħмǿԹҶ죬û뵽ҶȻ᲻ǰӣǳж
֮ͰˣҲҪ뿪˵ˡҶ˻֣һӴʱʥħ𣬴ǳ硣
ڼ䣬ɱ󱻼֮⣬ɱҶ졣
ǿֲܣŵʥħ𶼾ˣ֡
ȻҶԵúɣֱӴ߶̣һ𼶵ķ󷨶ʱɵصסЩɱĹ
Ҷʱ򣬸ɵ뿪Ĺء
ףЩһڸʲô
Ҷ׼뿪ħǰʱͻȻֱѪħռħڽһ
һӵĵȫֺڰ֮УѪħ˶ڶĤݣħĤݡ
飬ǷˣĤ
ĵҲħطֻҪĵطһ񣬿νǱ鲼ħ
ԴˣҶԵúܺ档
̽һЩ񣬷Щͨûʲôر֮Ҳûˡ
ʵҶоЩЩϤֻһʱ벻ˡ
Ҷ첻֪Ӿǹħ֮ںڰħмֻ뿪˺ڰħҲˡ
Ͼ֮ݣ˭ܹǵסġ
ѾķΧˣǾɣúҶȻʥħ㶪һϡ
ͬʱҶ콫һЩϢǣǺܿ硣
Ҷ죬лˡ
ʥħм
Ҷ˰ֱ֣̤նȥʧǿ
ڻع·ϣҶѾͨף˽⵽ڵ
սڳ˶ʥӰħʥļ룬һѾѹˡ
ңƽѾشǿţȥҪɱˡ
һûѡ֣ڸչս
׻ڲŮ𣬲ȥԮ˶ʱ޷ֳʤ


һǧʮ ʥ
صҶת߽ս
ʥŷʥҲս
߲Ѫħʼ¿սڼҪֳʤ̫ˡ
񵱳ŷʥʥѪħҲǴ˺ܶ꣬Žġ
ѪħʥҲǲʤ
ʥͺڰʥֵסħԨʥ
ӰħʥͶʥѾˣ벽һ֣桢ƽ桢˸޷⣬ʥѾشıԵˡ
һ߹սһ߸̾Ҫˡ
֣Ȼڶûг֡ʥЩɻ
ŷʥѪħ׵λʥһѪħҲһв
Ҷ죬ãװְɡʥԣһԸҶ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴֪ͨס
׺ܿͰŮ𣬲Ů׷ɱ
Ȼɱ֮𲻹죬Ů𲻻׷ġ
Ȼûã׼ԦϣţŮѹŮ
ϾǰսУѾ϶ʥشŮ𣬴ʱŮսѾ˺ܶࡣ
Ů򣡡߲յ׳˵Ϣ֪ͨŮ
Ůҧҧκβףֻܲĵطˣȥ
Ѫħʼ¿ҲյϢϾڰ벽𼶱սǷǳעġ
ʥҲ̫صˣ˵֣ʱȻ˳ˣʲôʱôˡ¿ŭ
ʥߵֻϴݻصĿռͨѣû˵ҪϹ򡣡
ߣ¿һٶԡ
Ůļ룬ȴû״ö٣ΪŮҲֻǣһӰħʥѡ
һ벽𼶱ĶʥԼһǿĲʥⷽ桢ƽ桢˶ѾشȻǶ֡
߲Ѷ棺ٲˡ
ټһ£
ܹ֣ǻƽǿ¾ͼֲסˡ߲ɫѿشѶ
ûϵ˶ɵӰ첢󣡡ҧ˵
߲ʱĬˡ
ʱţ꣬ǧ꣬ȥˡ
һֲסʥˣѪȫʥɣǿ˲ʥս
ⳡսڣһʥˡ
ʥһѣڲ
ѣ걻䱬˲䣬˽ɫѪꡣ
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һ̾
ʥŷʥҲĬˡ
ȻϵһĻʱǻǸеһѹ֡
ݺô̫꣬Ϥˣͬһεĳǿߡ
һȫʬ
죡
ڷе汯
ڼֵĻƽҲһ
Ǿãһֵˡ
Ϊ䣬ƽѹʱ
ҳȥɣŷ
ڵ״̬ǳȥҲֻ·һı䲻ʲô˵
һ壬һ壬ԺͰˡĿᶨ˵
һ漴̾ðɣ
ûж˵磬ų档
ߣѪħʥԦɱڰ·ϱ浲סˡ
ס棬ȫ¶ͷųޱߵ貹âͬһҵĺǣŲʥײȥ
Сġʥ
ȻѾˡ
ֱԼ벻ʥͬھ޴Χǿնˡ
һʥԱǳĿֲʥˡ
һңһĻ΢΢һ̾
ǿ쿴ʥȻûͻȻŷʥ
ֻǱըģһѪһ٣ӶΧ֮ٴ壬ָʥģ
ʥȻһ٣ȴϲ԰ףȫϢ˼¡
ȻȻһ٣ҲܵǰδеشѾսˡ
ʥ״æʥֹǿɱ
һﲻǺųƲʥԱˣû뵽ȻԵŷʥ̾
һԵҶͷһǲ֮ǳǿ󣬹ư벽ɱ
ѾʥˣȻûг֣ǵڸʲôʥɵ
أʵҲǺ¡ħߵ
ħѹô꣬񿴵ɣеǳʹ˷ܡ
µʱѪħĿˡʥ
滹֣Ǿ͵óˣʵˣҲܲŷʥ˵
ҾÿٵȵȣͻƽˣֻҪ߲ŮڣӰ컹Ǻܴ󡣡ħЦǷǳ⿴ʵ
䣡
𶯣һҾ޴սϣš
ˡ
ÿµս̫ǿˡϣţ̾Ľ֮ɫ
ʥŷʥЦݣǿսŻǿ
Ҷϣţȡ˳ʼС
̣ѾˣѾҪǼ˵еĳˡ
쿴ƽҲҪˡ
ʥ
˶ʱķڶʥĹ£ƽҲֲסˣϾȻǿ棬ȴûֲֿķ
ʱƽѾʥˡ
ڹؼʱ̣ӲѪħʥһ˻ƽ棬ս档
ңʥĹ漴Ҳشˡ
÷ʵǿټӵԻ֧š
ǣȥҲ䡣
һսƺûˡ
ȻѪħʥ⣬ЦʱһɿֲϢͻȻܲǿա
Ϣ֮ǿԽ˰벽𣬴ﵽһĳ̶ȡ
˲䣬ˣ𾪵ؿǸ
ǿϢʥʧɫ𾪵ؿƬǿգ𣬵ȻϢ
Ƭǿһֻ;޴ķݸ˲񷣬ӹգＫٷ
һƬ嫵Ľɫâ̳һɫԵޱȵʥͲַ
ôɵطˣ޴ĳĴ֮䣬ֲ籩һǻɫģһɫģʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨
ɷ籩ϯʥѪħʥֱӺɳȥǵ嶼˺ˣҲ޷ֵ


һǧʮ 
ǿգ޴ķݺжһ޾̳ɵĽɫгĲͳȻ·߸ϵʡ
Ϣ̫ӴˣӴԴ棬µƲ񷣬ƥΧǿնˣеһ鶼ѹ֮¡
޾ϢȥκһҪ£Ǻ嫵ӿƥС
һʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ǿ䱬˶ʥ壬޷ֵ˫ȫһȼϡ
棡ʥϳ޴ķݡ
Ѿߴնɱ𣿡ŷʥҲ𾪵
ԭ棡Ҷ𾪲ѣţ˵ǽһһڣһտռ䷨ʱ䷨츳ٵ֮λ
ҲΪһ򣬲ܵߴλΧղ
һԵѾˣĲ֮ȴһֱһ屣šңѵûзȻﵽȼԪǿ벽ûдﵽ
Ԫֻʥ۷壬һԪ񣬽Ȼͬ֡Ҳ˵Ű벽꣬Ӧ֮ϡ
ɫʱһ䣬漴Ȼ򣺡ˣԪǽ棬һֱоô壬û뵽汻оɹˡ
ѹһֱصڶûг֣ʥʱһУǣˣʵǿһĸ֣˭Ƕ֣
ֻһα𣬿ȴûľ硣ħߵ
ҲԶԶ벽𣬱Ͼ޵УԿ⡣ֻгİ벽𣬲ǿ
쿴ѪħʼӭȥˣŷʥͻȻ˵
ĿȥʱѪħʼ¿߲ӭ棬˫˫ս
߲򱻶ʥˡ
ħԨʥӰħʥȻںŮ𡢹ʥڰʥ
Ѫħʥͷս
Щ˶ƾУ˴֮Ĳಢ󣬶κζԷ
һֻѪħʼ¿֮սѪħʼȻǿ󣬵˵ǲ̫Զˡ
˵ȫǶ֡
ȻѾˣֻǽһУƥȻǰ벽Կġ
Ѫħʼ߶һסһǿµ涼ڲѪħʼѪɣ϶ѷ졣
Ѫħʼ棬ڣ߲һߴսʥһߵعЦʹ졣
桢ʥҲеǳʹ졣
ⳡսһʼǾͱѪħѹţڷˣȻǳˬ
֮Ѫħһļλʥȴɫأû뵽ȻֶΡ
ߣû뵽ǾȻ塣ѪħʼǵѪҺɫѿ
һĻȷû뵽
Ѫħλ벽ټһԺɨˡ
˭뵽Ȼ壬Ӷӵп
棡棡ǰСѪħʼǰ棬ǰ벽𣬵ȻԸӦڵԪ
Ѫħʼ棬ȷǿڣҲնɱ㡣˾Ͳһˡд
һ̣ǴŮסѪħʼ棬ħԨʥ
ˣѪħʼ״ʱˡ
Ĺ±סħԨʥȴС
ϾħԨʥŸո̤벽𾳽磬һǿİ벽𣬿˵İ벽
ħԨʥܵס档
ɱ
ѪħʼҪϹȥԮʱһǺɫľ޸ǿֲѪħʼ浹ˣӲƴ
Ů
ŮĹ˫Ǽλ벽жģˣҲԲסѪħʼˡ
һߣȫħԨʥöԷ֮ǰĶʥһ䱬塣
һûѪħʼ֣ħԨʥ޷ٴα䱬֮ںľ浱ɱ
벽䣬ӿˣΧǿնˣµĿռ籩ϯ˷ڶ
ħԨ
ħԨʥ
Ѫħʼ棬жʥǴһŭ
ֵˡ֮УЦһԦ壬һԵӰħʥ
Ѫħʼɫ䣬ɵöǿŭʥǻ𣿡
䣡
䣬һɫĵâ˺أն档
ŷʥˡ
ĹȻ£ǰȻһ
ûŷʥĹֱ忹⣬ȻӰħʥɱȥӰħʥ䱬
ŷʥĹϣȴֻһǳѪۣ˲ͱָˡ
Ĳ֮Ȼ£ŷʥɫһ䣬漴̾
ͬһʱ䣬ʥħҲˣ淢𹥻ֹɱӰħʥ
ңҲԦϣɱں̷˿µĹ涼ûˡ
ͬʱҶҲϣ֮УĹصõķϣ֮С
ߣ
ڴߣתֵˣΪܵϣŵľ޴в޷ټӲˡ
䣡˫չʱ籩Ϳռ籩ϯݺݵغϣš
ͬʱһǿ޵Ҳ֮ɱݺݵغϣ档
ʥ˶ɳȥ޷ֵȫһȼ档
ǶҲ棬¶ˡ
¡¡
Ĺ֮ʱϣ˷Ե̣һһϣŶסˡ
󷨹âɣסǿһ
ʲô
ڴľ
Ҳ𾪵ȻԵס
ϣŵǿˡ
ΧЩǿǣҲޱ𺳡
Ҫ֪İ벽𶼱һ򱬣ϣžȻԵס
ҶҲеǳľϲµùȻû˷̵ϣţѾԷסˡ
ȻҲΪֻһα𣬿ûľ硣
𣬶һͬʱʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ǾͿֱӴ͸ϣŻɱҶˡ
ңʱ䷨ȫԻصȥҶʱ֡
˵𼸺޵еģֻܿ
ֻûľ磬ǾͼͶˡ


һǧʮ ս
ʦʥǿ
Ҷϣ洫
̫ˣ벽ԵֵʥŷʥȻ۷ʥƸѵֵ
һʲôΣգҶȻ޷ܡ
ãŷʥӦ
ҲǿǽϣţħҲˡ
Ͼս̫ǿˣϣ⣬ҲֻѪħʼǿ⡣
Ҫ򱬣֧Ų˶õġ
䣡
ʥǽ֮Ȼĵعǿµ֮״߶棬ƺҪϣŸᴩ
һ̣ǿնҪըˣµʮأ֮
ߣûõģ
ҶЦ
ϳ֣һ߶һɱͷǿ֮ܲ档
һĻǳ𺳣תȺǶӽ涼ƺֹͣת
һһɱӭȥɱȫ⡣
ɱ治ģȫԦֻ޴ĳ쵶ǿպɨնϣš
䣡
ڿµӭϣ޷ֵ˫ͬ쵶һľ޴
˫޴ĳȻ޷͸󷨣˲ϣţձ
ϣҲֻһ£ûܵʲôʵԵ˺

Ҳŭˣһ߶߲֮µ֮֮۳һ޵е߲ìϣŶ
һ̫ˡ
ԶѪħʼ桢Ů߲ɫ䣬ǶܵвԼ޷ֵµһ
ã
ˣ
ϣеʥǣҲɫ䣬Ȼ
һ̫ǿˣǿ˾
ȫһûľ磬ϣѾﵽ˼¡
ûϵϣŵģҶ侲˵š
ʱϣţѾܵסһαĹǾ̫ϳˡ
ȻǾǿһ֮Ȼ޷ᴩϣš
Ǹ޵е߲ì͸󷨣ں̶ɱˣҲ˾ųɾŵ
ѹˣ˲ϣŵı塣
̫ˣʥ̾ͬʱҲ˿
ħԣҶ˵Ƕں϶ɣû뵽Ȼʵ̫ˡ
һ˵ƺһλǿ𣬷ֱ߼ߴ˭ҵһĪǾǴľԶ֪ĺܶ࣬ףд֮ɫ
ƺҲһЩ伮濴ʥҲ˵
ҶЦˣϣѾֻѪħһˡ
ҲûҪˣΪѾվ۷壬֮⣬˭κε
α𣬶κ
ҶѾ޾һˡ
Ѫħ𣿼ȻˣͽǺβûѪħҵǼŷʥһæ˵
ҶҲģѪħҸܵһǿϢƺ滹ʲôʱ̤롣
ʵҶѪħ򹥴ʱ򣬾ҪȥѪħһ̽ˣǿİ벽꣬ȴܵһļµϢԲŰ·˳
Ҷ컹֪ʱܵǹħ̳صĹħ֮Ȼλ֮Ѿˣֻʣһ˿ִϾ֮һ˿ϢҪԶԶ
Ҷ֪һŻƤѣûһ˿ˡ
ҶǱסˡ
Ѫħܹһӵλ벽𣬵ȷ˺ܴܡʥ
ûϵҲҽ۾ʥ֮ٴ߶ϣţôܹһսˣʱͲù˼ˡҶŵ˵
ڻֻ۷壬Ҫǵ̤۾ΣʥΣôս϶ǿˡ
Ͼʵ̫޷ӳϣŵ
ңϴںڰħõҶѾԼ۾κܽˡ
ֻʱһֱڴսʱ䣬ͽ۾ˡ
ȻˣⳡսǸýˣʥͻȻ˵
ͬʱ͸ϣţڵĽ洫λȻǶκβ˱˴ˣǰսɡټȥֻܾˡ
ߣȻκβǣѪħǿԵġЦͬʱǼԦ壬ƲϣţѪħʥɱȥ
ϣŵķȻǿ󣬵ǹȴǿвĲ֮
𣿡
ҶЦ
漴׼Ԧϣţķɱȥ
ɱҲɱߵ
㣡ʱò֣ͣס档
ͬʱ߲ŮǶ̰֣վһ
һߣѪħʥҲϣԱߣǶԳ֡
߲ô죿
ֻܰˣ̾Ҳû뵽ԷӵһôԵסķâ
ߣȰ˵ѪħҲǴһӵģҸᣬٸƣǡ˵
˵ͷңڸո壬޷ӳӦһʱ䣬δزܺ俪ս
ǾʱְɣȥӮˣҲʣ²˼ˡ߲˵ͷ
ҪǱƼѪħȺʥöԷԱһ벽ԱǷǳֲġ
ʱ򣬳֮⣬˶ûаտԱס
󣬿¾Ҫ֮ˡ
ʥҾ͸һӣǹɣãڴ
ߣѪħʼһŶʥӰħʥѪħʥȥ
ҶҲԦϣţ뿪
ⳡƺƴսڽˡ
˴򣬼еǣڵõϢ֮󣬶˿
ǻЩ۷ǿ߷裬ϾҪǷˣЩҲꡣ

Ѫħ򣬹ħ̳
Ѫħʼ¿жʥӰħʥѪħʥԼƲصĲʥǾۼÿ˶Ǳ
һΣǲӮˣǹһ񣬶һһħԨʥ
ȻǱҲ˵棬ǶֻʥôܺħԨʥְ벽
˵Ѫħʧ
û뵽һ壬Ĳԩٴοħ̳ʱħ֮
¿ոնµħҲҪȥˣûֶΣ޷ͳһ档
һ󷨣ħҪλ벽ܲõĳǸαӦÿ԰ǡħ֮˵
λ벽𣡡
¿ԣɫʱһ
ħԨʥˣڣӰħʥͶʥҲֻλ벽ѡ
ҳΪ벽ɣöʥǵİ취ΣѪħʥ
ʥҲҲһ


һǧʮ ع
ս֮󣬰˴򶼿ʼϢٴνһκƽʱڡ
ǶŬȡ̤۷壬ϣܹ⶯ҵʱܹӵһ˿λ
ЩʥǣҲʼչؿޣΪһεսУ벽𼶱ս̫ˣ벽𶼱ɱһλ
ԽԽľƣð˴ʥǶЩĵˣϣս벽𣬲Ȼ˭֪һսʱĻ᲻Լ
棬ʥǣһƴϣܹһ̤벽𾳽硣
ҶҲ
׷ڲڰħеĽҶԼԦϣţ޵׾
޵׾УҶ쿪ʼЩħĲʮ˷ħ֣Լս
ڲĺħչθɾˣһΣҶҪ޵׾ĺġ
ҲΣյĵطΪкܶĺħҲߵȼĺħ൱߼
ǵ۾̫ħҲֻ·һ
ң޵׾ĺģܣΪһλʥ棬Ӵ֮󣬾Ҳû˸ҽˡ
һΣҶҲӵϣŸҽ
ΪϣŶܵסȫһֻҪ𼶱ǿߣǾ͸õİȫ
¡¡
ԦϣţҶֱӳ޵׾ĺġ
ϣŵǳֲ;˿µĿռ䶯˯ĺħע⣬һħȫϣΧɱ
ҶǹΪΪֻܾռ㹻ĺħ
ɱ
Ҷվϣϣ߶̺ãЩħɱȻǵ壬
һ·ֱײϣǰٶħ·һ
Ҷܿͽ޵׾档
棬Ҷ˺ܶǿ󷨣ȫ𼶱󷨣ɱ󣬻з󷨣ֱ̫ˡ
ңЩ󷨾ȻǸյģһ˴룬ͻܵµĺɱ
Щ󷨷ӳȫ𼶱𣬿ֲޱȡ
ѹֵһλʥˣ벽ҶЩĿ࣬û뵽޵׾ĺľȻô¡
ôΪʲô˭õģ
ҶǿҵĺģԦϣų˽ȥʱܵܶɱĹ
ϣŵҲͷųһɱȥһз󷨣ֵš
ϣŵķҶٴãһ޴Ĺţ󷨷ӡԵúء
ͨ
Ҷ첻ɵú
ͬʱԦϣų˽ȥȻϣżŵʱȴһͻǿˡ
ͬʱĻҶ塣
ôᡭҶʱʧɫϣűʱоԼڳһŽɫĹţš
𵤣
𵤾Ȼܽš
ûϣŵػǾΣյ״̬ҶֱƵˡ
ҶϾΣգܿ
߶𵤣ȥȻԻصԼ塣
ңֻҪˣţǹǿͻʧ
ˣǹǿרػŵġֻſԽУһҪ޷롣Ҷ찵뵽
ͬʱҲܾ棬ô˵һƬ磿
ΪֻܽС
ҶЩ棬޵׾ĵ磬˭Ūģʲôģ
˶кĵģҶҲ⡣
ûϣźıҶҲðգһ棬Ǳˡ
ʱϣŶʧˡ
ϾػûϣţһѴʱ˭ܹϣţ
ȻҶҲȥҪȫ׼
Ȼȥ˵
Ҷ漴ԦϣŻȥ׼ԣϾֻķҲûϵ
ңʱҲԴϣŻȥʧϣš
׵İ취

صҶ첢ûϴ׽޵׾ҸطչأЩħʬĲʮ˷ħֱ֣Բųء
䣡
Ĳʮ˷ħַǳĿֲҶһʩչǿֲĶ㼸е׶ˡ
ǷֲķҶչصĵطͲǰ̽ˡ
ϾҶĵλԺʥŷʥ
Ĳʮ˷ħѾﵽ𼶱𣬹ȻҶӡһִоŸɫġ⡱ַɳſֲѹ֮Χǳˡ
ͬʱӡת䣬ŸֱǿֲĻ֮Ƭ涼֣˫
һӦ޽ӽʥˣôӵеս൱ڵ۾ˡ
Ҷɡ
߾磬ӵе۾޵սӦ߾ܹﵽļ˰ɡ
ڰħھŲعսܣӵе۾۷սڵʵټʮ˷ħֶսܵĿƣӦÿǿͨˡ
֪ͨһõʲô
Ҷ첻ڴ
£ҶԦϣţǰս۵ķжȥ
ҪһڰħһˣΪҶѾ˹ؼʱҪ۾ˡ
һ۾磬ôûʸٴڰħˣǹһ
ҶģԣҪͻƵ۾֮ǰȴڰħĵھŲ㣬Ҳһ㡣
ȻҶһֱ۲ЩɣǵھŲ̫ˣ봳
䣡
ϣŽ۵ʱһǿѹѹ֮ǿ󣬱Ҫֲࡣ
ͬʱһϤҶĶС
ԴһҪܵѹơ۲Į˵
ʵϣҲǳľΪϣ̫ǿˣǿֵȼеɵˡ
ֻΪҶ컹ǿ޷ӳϣŵǿ۲ڲ޷ѹϣš
ڣ۲鶼ЩˣϣŽۡ
ߣ
ҶһҲֻһԣϣŵǿܷصס۵ѹơ
ֻǣ̫ǿˣȻѹϣţľ֮̾Ľͨߡ
£Ҷ뿪ϣţһѺڰ񽣣ۡ
ϣбչأҲϣű˶ߡ
ңϣţҲ޷ۣҶ޾һС
֮Ҷܿ˺ڰħǰʱвﴳ
ΪѵõĺƽʱڣкܶﴳǶʯһ̤۾Ρ
Ϊֹûһ˳ɹ
ҶǴк˺ڰħ۲Ҷֱӽ˵ڰ˲㡣
һͨھŲͨ


һǧʮ ӡ
ڰħڰ˲㡣
Ҷ쿴ͨھŲĺڰħͻȻԱߵ۲˵ͨھŲ㣬ᷢʲô飿
۲ֻһڰţҶĻ֮󣬲ûκα¶ֻǳĬƬ̣˵õӡǣ
ӡǣʲôҶЩɻ
˵ˣغһܹϵĴ˵۲˵
ҶϥȤ˵еʱ䣬˵ɣҲĴ˵
۲״ǳΣʵǷǳϣҶھŲ㣬Ȼͨء
ֻǣֲֳܱ̫ǿҵҶĴ϶ỳʲô
£۲ֻü˵Ӧ֪˹硢ħ磬˵غһλۡ
ۣ磬ߵȼ𣿡ҶЩʵ
ֻһƺţ۲˵ߵȼǽڴ˵Уһϵľ磬Ǳǡ۾
۲˵ֻû˳ɹ̤磬ںܶǰһǿĽȺܶҪǿնɱĽΪǿߡ
Ȼṳ̂롮۾ΪǿǶΪۣԼҲȻܣųۡ
۲˵΢ͣһ£ЩͳˣȻԳ۲ú󣬾ͻȻѶдԣǰʱ򣬽޵֮飬ΪƬ֮У䣬ֻҪκһΪǿţܵõһ޵еƬл̳֮·
Щ޵еƬӡǡ
۲˵ǹħ磬ڰħھŲǿţʸõӡǡڹ磬磬ҲƵĿ飬ֻҪΪǿţܻӡǡ
ǿĴҲҶ𾪵
׶ų㲻𣬶λۣѾ֪ǿʲô̶ȣô
ģܵʲôĥѣ˵ṳ̂롮۾͸ԳƵۣ˼ɻ䣬ܵ˳ͷҲ˵ڳ۾ʱʧˣӶܵ˷ɡ֮ҥ̫ˣ˭Ҳ֪ĸģҲȫǼٵġʱҲȥ̫ˣҲֻĴ˵Ҳ֪귢ˡ۲˵
ӡǣǲǴлõһִУҶЩ˷ܵ˵
ɵҲ֪ǵõλ۵ĴУֻһ֣Ҳˡ
ϾλۿǵǿĴڣ֮ҪǿĶˡ
ˣֻҪǳΪǿţ·ûزۣܳΪľͷһ۲˵
Щӡǵǿǣûг°ɣҶ컹ЩģϾλ̫ˣĵõӡ֮󣬻ʲôѡ
ǹħλǿŴ˵ھŲ㣬õӡǣ񻹻ĺúõģѾΪǹħľͷˡ۲˵
˻ԵȻܷŹ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴̤ͨڰħĵھŲ㡣
۲鿴Ҷͨ˿漴˷ܵҪɹˣͿСӵıˣϣԳɹ
ͬʱѶѪħʼ棬Ҷ쿪ʼھŲˡ
Ѫħ򣬹ħ̳
ʥѪħʥڽ벽Ѫħʼ¿ӰħʥͶʥڴغš
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̫ˣֻҪɹھŲ㣬ΰھͻյӦͻᷢҲͻᵽˣ
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Ҷһʹһƴǿ̨ϣΧķǡĶ棬һߴĿܣͨɫɢһǿϢ
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һǧʮ 
磬ħ硣
ħľɫǳأΪĴǺɫģڵûһ˿ʣǰɫģ׵Ҳûһ˿ʣڰ׷磬ǹħصľɫ
ңħǳĴ󣬱ȻĽ˲֪ٱĽ磬ǿɣֻкɫĴغͰɫɣǳ𺳡
ʵֻǿɣ綼ֻдغգֻǵĴطǳӴˡ
ʱƬɫϣһڰħͻȻǿֲĲϯȥħ綼ˡ
ڰħǹһǳҪĽ
ڹħڣÿһӵ֮ļ壬ӵһڰħ
ħ̫֮ˣĺڰħҲͷǳ࣬鲼ħ磬һطкڰħ
ʱеĺڰħķ粨ֱ̫ˡ
еĹħ嶼֮УǵԺв˾ԶĻ䡣
ǺܶǰǹħĺڰħͬҲ飬һΡ
ھŲ㣡˴ھŲˣ
ǿߵˣֻ޵еųڰħ䡣
Ħٿλǿ֮ٴγһӵӡǵˣܿܵһλµǿˡ
Ȼǹħǿ塣
ħ꣡

ħأ𾪡ڡ˷֮С
еĹħ׺ڰħʲôԭΪ˴˵ھŲ㣬ӡǣȻ
Ҫ֪ӡǵǿ۵ĵ뷨һںϣκζҲ޷赲ڰħҲУҶ֮ҲУ֮Ҳ޷赲
ԣһ˲䣬ħеĺڰħӦӡǵĳ֣
ڰħ鵽𣿡
ʱħĸ߲㣬Ҳˣ׷̽顣
һӵӡǵǿų֣ʲôǷǳ
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һһǿߣһʵǿһ֡
ԣħĸ߲ǣڽѰҶڵڰħ
ϧڰħԶڻĽһƫƧ棬ƾǱǿҲҲ
ֱħһλ϶ǿǿߴӳ˯֮оѣһԶĮˣµһڰħڹħ磬ڻĽһƫƧĵطǴھŲˣҲǹħ񣬶һ񡣡
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ԭǰµĺڰħ
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Ϊ磬Ѿһˣһֻ档
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ԣҪңҿԴӦ㣬ֻҪҳΪ֮һ޸㡣Ҷ˵
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۲ȻѾòˣϾǳԽĴڣпܻܴİҪȡ


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ͷֻҪܹӵľ磬ܸһУܼˡ

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ԣҶ׼ʱס顣
ã۲˵ͷ

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ټϣţˣҲ壬չضһġ
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֮ǰϣĹ˲棬ֻܿŷֲܡ
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ħҶĵǳ飬ϾܷסˣͿҶϣˡ


һǧʮ 
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Ҷ졢ħ
ףϣбչأоӡǣʵ
Ҷʲô㴵ħˣǺǣħЦ˵
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ٽҶˣӦõýҶˡһԵͻȻ۾һ̾û뵽СѾ̤۾ˣٶȣɷҵȡ
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Ҷǰ벽Ҳǿ䣬ҪһӣȥսҶ֣ȻӵɣƬ½ȥȥٻ̸ϻһ㲻ʲôսֻÿԪĩھս֮УŻСЩ񣡡
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˵꣬һɫĳ۵ݸҶ졣
Ҷ۾һΪɫ۵ĲһңרűģԷ깥
ҲΪ˶壬ƳҪꡣ
ÿһλ䣬ҶᷢһɫսۣһҲ֪óʲô˵ʱҾ͸Ƴ˵
£ҶĳóʹҶæ˵Щϲû뵽
ҶкܶȴûеЩڰ񵶣ռϣӲ
ţǵǺƣȻȥ֮Ҿ͸Ƴһսֻ̥ҪԼĵУȻɵҲܷӳǿ˵
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Ҷʱ˷ܡ


һǧʮ 
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ƵѾԼĵȻǿ󣬵ȴʺϱʹá
ŷ۾Ļ𵶵ڰĻ𵶵һָ̫ˡ
УŮ񸫣ҲصΪƵģŮĵŮܷӳôǿ
֮⣬֮УʹõԼĵƥ䣬Էӳǿ
һΣԸҶ̥ʱҶԼԼĵŮһӳǿˡ
̫ѵˡ
Ͼİ˴֮УҲһ
ԣҪһԼƥܡ
Ҷû뵽棬ȻĻõˡ
㲻ϣţұսȰ벽ˡҶ찵뵽
ɫսۣȻԷ깥Уڷǳһˡ
Ҫ֪𼶱ǿߣһ˲ɱ㡣
ϣţټɫսۣôԵֵһˡ
˵ɫսеľƷ
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ҲҶúô£ҲҶ˺ôˣΪۣƬ磬ħ֮⣬˭ô
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룡Ҷ˵ͷ漴Ŀʹȥ
ҶɵɽһĶס
˵Ĳ̩ɽȷԼӿٶȡ
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ղ鿴һ£㷢ָǿϢȫ
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ԣҶȼﵽ˰벽𾳽磬ʵϣһ벽𼶱壬ɱ
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ֻҪҶһЩʱ䣬ܰʵʱܺİ벽൱ˡ
ңƾռԼİ벽Ϊǿ
֮Уʱ䣬תת˲ǧꡣ

޵׾عš
ȷǱûΣ֮󣬱ű壬Ԧϣţ뿪޵׾
뿪޵׾ʥǣҵʥ
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ףʲô𣿡ʥˣЩɻ
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ʥǳ޵׾ĺҲ֪һλʥػһȱĸ󷨣벽ȥ˶û뵽Ȼһ硣
ҶѾȥˣ涼磬ԼӿΪǶλȥӦúܴʥ벽ֻ벽֮ңһȥ꣬һԪ֮ھܳΪ벽𡣡˵
ʥҲ֮ɫҪĿҵȷа̤벽𾳽硣
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ʥ˵ͷãͻƵ˰벽𾳽磬ٳȥ
ǾɣˣϢҪҪ֪ͨˣŷʥ漴ʵ
׳ϵܴ󣬾ԲѪħ֪ӵ֮ȫԴعšѪħħҲЩ󷨡
ȷ֪ơŷʥ˵ͷ
ʥƬ˶ʱͻƣǶЩƿôʯָոս۾ĳڵ۾ȥ֮ȻҲջ񣬵ջ񲢲ԣΪһЩƿǿ߽ȥ˵гüЩֵε۷ߡ
ֻҪǽȥһԪ֮ھԿ̤۾磬ʵǿˡŷʥ˵
ǾЩƿǿ߽ȥȻǿߣν룬ʵҪ𣿡ʵ
ʥԣɵúŷʥһۡ
ŷʥͷȸħǰɣϣУǾ֪ˣûʲô˵ġҪȥǾֻǵģҲܽȫᡣ
ȻûôҰģУܱڱҪáʥ˵ͷ
Ǿٿɣֻʥ͵۾Բμӡ˵
ʥŷʥͷ˿ʼѶǡ
ܿ죬ܲĴʥ͵۾һá
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ܹˣе۷ǿߣǲɵӣȻҪԡ
̲ס˵ĵطҾڶʱڽ벽ˡ
ħҲһޱȼǺʥһͻƵıԵ
ж
һЩ۷۾ǣҲޱȣҲнʥĻˡ
ֻǣϢǻ޷ٷ֮Ρ
Ͼ˭֪ǲıء
һΣʥ⣬򣬶ֻ۷ߺ۷۾ȥΪǵ̽
ԴˣʥҲ⣬ϾǣҲҪСĽ


һǧʮ ʵ
ܲ
׿ħλ۷ʥƬҪԣǶǳͬʱΪ˷ֹѪħ˵֪һҪϸƽȥѡԲǵļϸС
Ǻǣ򵱳ܵ˱ѣ۷߶ӶˣȴһǲǱߡŵ˵
ŷʥߵˣʱһûи㣬ѡ߲ҲоһЩϸǵС
ߣҲţôǾ˶ٴսôܻмϸ򻹻мϸ˵ĺӡ
ô˵˵ĶܶԣһҪСĽĻһ֪Ǿʧȥˡ𿪿˵
˵ͷ磬ڶʱǿߣҪԲԶҪ¶ҲҪȵǧٸԪ֮ǵʵǿˣƾϣţԳƿƬĳڡ

ħ˵ͷ漴޵׾ҪϢ¶ˣѪħ˵˺ܿ򣬵ʱһܵеù
Ǿôλȥ֮Ⱥúѡ֣ޣһܻϸʥ˵
Ȼʥϣŷʥ
Ƕ˵ͷһ˿ڴʼڲѡˡ
ûжٹǣ۷ߣǵ۾ǿߣһʥǡ
Щ۷ǿ֮УҪϸʵǲܡ
۷бϸҲӶͽˡ
ÿ岻ͬҪһǻ쵽λãǼǲġ
ĿԵǺܴ󣬱Ͼ߲Ҳһ壬£Ӧòܻмϸڡ
ʵҲǷǳģһµ۾λ۷ߵ
͸ûйˣ࣬ϴﵽ״Բϵǿ߶ˡ
ʥ״ɵüͷȷô˶ûмϸ𣿡
Ƕж֮أֻҪǽȥˣǼϸΪϸܻŴӶ֮سЩˣǴӶ֮ػųˡЦ
׺ҶһˣҲȥ֮أȻ֪֮ص⣬ЦҶҲ֮ص֮ˣԲǼϸ
֮ǿĵطжԶҵˣᱻ֪ôЩϸų
ھѾʧˣ֮ؾҲûˡ
ȻЩˣ״Բϵǿߣǵ붷֮صʱ򣬾컹ڣԲõ⡣
𣬵Щ˳Ƕͻʵˡ
ħָտɴ
һĽǿûжֵ֮ط
ħħ֮ڣǿ԰õһֻбеˣŻħأħ𶼽ȥ
ԣһΣħҲֻǵĵ۾۷ߡ
ˣλȻȥɣҾЩ˽ˡ漴˵ѾųϣţĴ˵սˡ
ˣ
˶ǳΪڵʵѾˣһδҲ״ǵġ
λ͵źϢɣһԪ֮ڣͻһЩ˳ˡЦ˵
ǰһԪ֮ڣаճΪ벽𣬹ʥЦ֮ɫһ̤ϣš
𡢶ħһĽ
ȴڵһ룬һǵıǣֿȻСҲò
ڶһ뿪Ӱ̫ˣʱ϶Ѫħ뵽ʲô
Ҫһѡʱ򹥴ǣ⿿׼һϣţҲܵеù
ԣǲʥڵһ룬ֻڵڶȻν롣

׼ԦϣţĴľӢʥ޵׾ĺģ˲ɱع֮
û뵽޵׾ĺģȻĵطǰҾȻûз֡۾˵
򳤴ģҲ޵׾ܶΣʱ򶼽ӽ֮ˣȴû뵽һط
Ҷ֪ο㣬ǺǣʥЦ
׿˵ǶȥɣʱǵһὫǴϣϡҪǾ͸Ҷ죬ϵҵġʱǡ
ãȻȥɣ᲻㣬Ϯû˿Եסʥ˵ͷ漴һعš
򡢶ħ˱ЩͽţǿʥţҲͲˣҲһŷš
֮󣬷ҶѾˣֻҶһ߷һƵķܿͻɢˣӦǲŸոոϹġ
ҶʥЦλӭ硣ǱߣӦø˵ĹˣԣҾͲ˷ʱˡۺħӪλѡ롣ǣλһҪΪкܶۺħԽǿڣǺܻܿῴʲôλһҪ
Ҷظһ飬ǵۺħʷЩߣʱ鷳ˡ
ǺǣСʦȻߣǵȻҲˣҲһ۾Ц˵
Ҷ˵ͷڣȷкô
Ҳվ˳֪ǵõħһ㴫У֮Ҳմ˹ħϢǱȽʺϹħߵġ
ҶԴҲûֹЩ˶ǸľӢһ¶࣬Ҫġ
˽Ƭɫ½֮⣬Ҷһ˽ɫ½ҵִ̩ɽǡ
ʥ˼뵽£Ǿһⶼûˡ
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ңʥ˵ʵҲǿǵļ룬Ҳôⷽǿ˺ܶࡣ
ڴ֮ҶͲܲˣЩ˶ϳɾҪĵģοлһʥ
Ҷ̩ɽɽչأ֮еʵԼꡣ
ؿõҶԽԽʵأûʲô̧־֮䣬ܷӳǿӵʱûʲô
ңĲգӳǿˡ
ڣ깥ϣѾﵽ˰벽𼶱𡣡ҶЩ˷ܡ
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ڣҶ깥Ѿﵽ˰벽𼶱
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Ȼֻ깥𣬵ǿߵ궼Ƚһܵ깥׷
ӵҲĺôǸиơ


һǧʮ սʼ
̩ɽ嶥
ҶڸʵǿͻȻ߳һ
Ҷ䣬Ѿƺգһ׵ǳ
Ҷһʱϲæȥȡ°ԼƵ
Ȼһѵһ˶ߣͨɫâɣֻûһ˿Ϣֻһ̥ѣҪҶԼ
ѵĹҲƫ귽棡
Ҷϸ鿴һѵʱˣЦ
ѵȷϧֻƫ귽棬ѹûġ
Ƭ棬Ҷ壬ûԣƳȻҲƫ깥ˡ
ˣ깥깥ɣҲǿѵԸ벽ȫˡ
Ҷ漴ȻʼѵԼռ
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ʱգ۷š
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ʱѵѾȥ˽ɫĹâȻǽӲӵӡ
ȻƵģǾͽ𵶺ˡҶȻ˸֡
ԼΪһһԼĵѵʱ˵
£Ҷ𵶣Ȼ˻֣жʱƯٿ鰵ɫˮ
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һҶʱ֪Щˮʲôˡ
ʯûʲôֻʯɣˮȴɴɡ
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Ҫ׬ȡˮֻͨþС
Щ䣬ֻһԪʱ򣬲лսܻþ
ڴڼ䣬Ǿû취ˡ
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ȼǿߣǲȫһһأǳ
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Ҷ죬Ÿոս۾磬ľ绹ûȥΪҲ޷ȥ
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ħ֮Ϊһط˵Ź֮͹ħ֮ѪҺ棬Ҳᱻѹƣǿۡħּǿߣһѹơ
ħ֮棬ֻ۾ۿ
ңǳΣգµ˽ȥɡ
Ҳۺħѡս
Ϊħ֮ӵѹƷǳǿ󣬾սǶûж
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ħ֮ӣµսģʱ֮⣬ҶЩ벽ڣȫҪħ֮棬ȥɱԷ
ۡħʣµǣ磬̨д衣
濴ЩսҶ찵뵽֪ⲻʵȻѾ۵Ӫõ˴´ֺôôھҪħ֮ȥЧˡ
ңҶҲҪ㹻ľȥȡˮ


һǧʮ ־
λսͿˡҲģǵĹͣһҪ϶Ǳߡ
ħ֮ǰضҶ˵
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£ǳңϾͬΪŮе˭ϣѹһˣ
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˴ôôʱ͸óˡ
ңþԽ࣬ǵõˮҲԽ࣬дµĽ٣Ҳǳøľ
ܺã
ص˵ͷ漴˵϶Ǳоλ䣬ֻаλһλԣ䣬ӮҲӮüѡһΣ߶һҶ䣬СˡԣһҪӮ
¼˵Ϲأÿλ䶼Ҫ֤ɱ۷ʥȻҶ֣Ǹոսõİ벽ҶҪһЩֻҪɱλ۷ʥˡȻֻҶǵҪҵȻϣɱ۷ʥԽԽá
ûĻλħ֮Ӱɣ
˵գҶڣλһͬħ֮ӡ
ЩҲŽħ֮ӡ
˻ģЩµףȫħ֮ӵΣϵǿߣǽħ֮ӵΡ
Ͼϵľ磬ʵ̫ˣǲŲмɱЩͨס
ħ֮ӷǳƴ󣬼ᴩ磬޾ǿ֮ϣǳ׳ΰӡ̡
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Ŀռѹǳֲ׽ˣ޷Уֻдﵽ߾磬ܷС
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ңħ֮гĿռѷ죬ЩռѷдСһţֻҪУͻһط
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ˢ
ͻȻһȫɢڰħˣҶԱߵһռѷ˳
Ҷʱʱһ벽𣡡
תҪռѷ졣
ϧһֻɫĴֱѹ˹ķ顣
ͬʱһɫĹâ˳Ҷһɫ֮С
Ǽ¼ģնɱһλסλסλס״ԲľֱΪһ㡢ʮ㡢һٵ㡢һǧ㡣
նɱһλߡ۾ʥ벽ľֱΪһ㡢ʮ㡢㡢ǧ㡣
ʱҶ¶ľΪһ㡣
˵ղűնɱһħǿߣһߡ
࣬ҲҶ찵뵽漴һռѷ죬һط
ϧһüºҶҲûһˡ
ⲻãΪħ̫֮ˣȻսڶ࣬ǽ֮󣬴ҲֵúܿҪ˴Ǻܲס
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Ҳû취޷ֻռѷ죬ˡ
ãˣã˵Լˡ
ģһҲ
Щϵǿ˵һҲûж೤ʱ䣬һҲں
еˣһһѰҵˡ
ʥģҶ쾭Ķ࣬һҲ⡣
ҶҲһһѰҵˡ

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иֵϢģһǿͻȻʧˣһ۷ϵǿߡǶϵĴڣ˶⣬ȫʧˡ

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ڼǰ͵õϢһĴʧ˲ǿߡ
һʼû⣬Ͼǿ߱չǺ顣
ǾϸԪս˶е˾޴ѹϾʥͰ벽䣬ǻʲôʸڰ۷壿
ڣչأϣͻƵ벽𾳽硣
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˵ҲˣʥȷкܶǿʧˣһԪԦڶѲӣԺܸߡң׼ԦϣţҲƫҵȲж
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ǵĽϣǵ𣬻İţ漰һ޴ܡ
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;ܾŮ飬ߵڣǸӮˣңʱѪħ϶֮
޸صĿռͨɣһҪ
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ЦһٸԪǾǿĻ޴ħ򡣡
λ˵ĲҪԴ޸ռͨ˵ͷΨһļƻˡ
ʥͺڰʥԭȻ֪޵ļƻ֪Ҳˡ
ϾܵѪħǿҲֻܱĴȣ⿿ʥⳡս֮עǰĽ

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߲Եúš
ڴʱڤڤ֮Уһǿ־͸߲򣬽
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Ҷ쿴Լǵľʱ¶Цݡ
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նɱһλ벽ҶҲˣòһطˡ
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Ϊ˱յ㣬Ҷ컹ѡˣҪʱ̱۷״̬
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Ͼÿһεս֮Уٳְ벽
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ܹնɱ벽ǿߣ͸ˣ
ҶͻȻתˡ

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ҶҲһ룬İ벽ɲô޹˼ɵɱ¾а꣬ǶǾĵļƻһ֮ϾԶ룬ӶⱩ¶
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̫ǿˣڸ޷⣬Ӷû취ӡ
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ŷʥһأҲˣѾ񶼼ڱ棬ϸ˼·ν޾֮·һжһǧܷ
ʦģҿɲ׷ģ»СҲҪƴһ¡ҶŵЦ
ŷʥ˵ͷ漴ٴҶ졣

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һʽȭҲǳǿ󣬵ռ࣬ʹá
֮ˣԴǣȴǿԳԲӡǡ
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ȭͬλԱȴʮ˷ħֵλǿ߸ӵǿȭûͬԷӳǿ
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ڣѾȭĿ֮ˡ
ȭһΪʽһʽӦ׾磬ڶʽӦ𾳽磬ʽӦ֮磬Ͳˡ
ǵһʽȭ׾гۣռҲˡ
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ĻҲȻɳΪˡ


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һ˶ڽصȴţʱ򣬲ʥŷʥǽţħ𡢶ǶޱȽš
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ͽʧܣ˶Ϊˣ㻹Ǵ漣һΪʦȻԴ漣
ϣУŷʥŽ˫Ŀռɵð뵽г˵ǡ
ʱ涼ܷƽ˾û֪ĿǰǿҶڽһɱ䡣

Ѫħ򣬹ħ̳
Ѫħʼ¿ɫѿضԹħ̳˵ѾϵѪħˣǸϵŮǱߵϵˣҪҽħ󡣡
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۽ɣӱ޾Ľɫâ֣ģΣֻһƥ׵Ϣϵͷųضеѹ֡
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Ҫɱܹڣħߵ꣬ĻԵҲΣͿԼ컯ˡ
ҵϣӶߣҲЩӵϢԽԽܹ࣬ıƬѾ硣˵
ˣǻܻ𣿡ħЦ
ѾҶߵݣֻǵ磬ҲԼĿǣԲһֱװûз֡

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ȭƣһɡ


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Ҷ첻Ǿ˵Žõİ벽ôӵа벽ڵΪ
ңʵֱԽ˰벽۷ǿߣ

벽ǹģԷǳҶϢȴû뵽Ҷ쳬ǿһڵİ벽𣬾ȻҶһȭӲס
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ͷȻвңҶһҵȭ͵رһֻɫȭͷƲգƥȥǰĹ벽𳹵֡

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Ҽ״ʱɡ


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ңƬ꺣ȱٵıа꣬ԳΪǺܿġ
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˵Ŀ䣬ôҶɱˣǲֻһµûô룿
ԣ±ҪȥѰҶ졣


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ǲԶԶ
꺣ĳҶ۾ңڵħնʱա
ʱѾ߸벽𼶱а꣬һˮʵ࣬Ȼṳ̂۷벽𾳽硣
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벽Խǵ˺棬ıԽѣҪ̫Ӵˡ
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ԣҶһʱ֮󣬾Ҫ뿪꺣
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Ҷڴڼɱ˶ʮ벽𼶱а꣬ΪѾﵽ˺۷벽𣬵۷벽𣬻ܴһξ롣
ңڴڼ䣬ҶĹ塢ħ벽ԽԽ࣬лɱһ۷벽ǹħһġ
ˣҶʵƬ糹״鿪
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Щ۷弶İ벽Ҳм뿪ˣʣµģ϶ǲˡ
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УһҶӦһɿа꣬ҿӵÿ죬Ȼˡ
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ҶһжҪǻɱˣҲΪǼٻǴ𣬸м˵ѡ
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ֱĵˣŵصҶ졣
ΧЩ͹ħҲֱ۾˼顣
ҶȻӵսǿ󣬿Խа


һǧʮ 
Ҳˣ
һȭ˲ħ
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ħߵ͹ħ˵ȷˣǿɲǹ͹ħˣȫµ塣ߣһ˿Խ磬Ϊʲô޷磿п϶а취
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Ҷ΢΢һЦ͸Ǿ𼶱а꣬ڶԽвٰա


һǧʮһ 
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Ҷó͸һ𼶱а꣬ڵ˸ž˵ĹâݵӿֳһĨ֮ɫ
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Ѿﵽ벽۷壬ԭΪǳӽˣڿ𼶱а꣬Ҳ֪֮ǰ뷨жôЦ
Ҷ΢һ𼶱аڵ¶һĨ֮̾ɫ漴ֿЦ
𼶱а꣬ӵеҶҪһٱ
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룬Ҳý𾳽磬лᷴ
Ϊʼϡ

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ҾԽ⣬Ӧø˵֮Ľ˰ɡҶȻ漴Ц
µ˵ͷ˵۸˵ˣֻҪ㸶㹻壬Ǿ͸㹻ˮ۸Ͱսеľ㣬λ׵൱һöˮ
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ԭǴע⣬νĽҲֻתǵߡ»Ȼ
۵˵ͷ˵Ǳˣò׳һһһҪסˣ㰲ֵʱ򣬼ǵöһЩţóȥʵﵽǿڽжʱŸбϡ
ˡµ˵ͷҲһ˿ڴҲȥ⣬ϾƬѾˡ
ۿŴԶȥӰڵ˸ĹâҺħʶѾ޷ˣϣȥ˽⣬ܹǵʵһ

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£Ҷ콫ϢʥŷʥǣѾ׼˵һ׵壬͵Žˡ
ҶѯһŶԴ˵һ壬λʮλһ
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£ʱǣֺαôżҲҪģԽǿ壬ռҲҪʱġҶ쵭˵
ȻǷܵĻǲܸ̫ǿ塣
Ҷһۣ漴Цãǵȵھʹˮ̫ǣǰһ˹װɡ
죡ҶʱЦˡ
ҲЦˣֻ˵Ц֮У˱˴֪˼


һǧʮ 
̫ǣعŴ
һ죬ۡħʣԼʮλȫ˴˵ء
۷ǿߣ඼ˡ
ͬʱһλ׺λףǾǴѡסЩʬ塣
ҶҲֳһ
˶ǰعš
ۺħʣʮλУ˸Īɫʡ
Ϊһ˵Ǿлʱһ졣
ˣڿȥˡ
ˣ츳ǿսǿλףʵսλ۷ˣټ͸װ״ԲǿҲĶ֣һεҪȫһʧ֡
´ʱһλ׵塣
·ģ˷ģһ۱ºħʱ½񡣡ȻȻ֪ԼεҪԣǾδ
ҲôѹǵһȥˣʧҲûʲôǻеڶҪǱסʱַһЩõϢ˵ļЦŴ
ԶҶĿ΢΢һƳ˼סˡ
Ҫ̫ˣȻֻһλףҪӽλ۷ˡ
Ҷ²⣬´Ҳһǿš
ô󣬳һǺȻġ
ţ
ڴʱۺħ۾һУ뿴عš
һҲˣعſȥ
һϤӰӹڻҶ۾һϳˣǳü
˼ԪټüѾ˵۾硣
ʵϣЩ۷ߣѾ˵۾硣
ʱ
üҲҶ죬΢΢һЦ漴۵ˣɫȻλѾ׼ˣڹŵһߣÿһ
ܵ˾޴ѹΪۺħʣʮλ
ĳڰ˴򶼲Ϊ˴һûС
Ҳħ磬Żǿݰɡ
ħʶųüߵһ۾ǲ𣿾ǲһ۾̸
˵գһǿϯȥѳüѹùڵϡ
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Ҷ죬˳üǰħʣЦħʱ£ǽѾʧˣʣǿҲǰ벽𣬰벽͵۾ʲôֱأ
ˣۿЦȽװɣҲǵһνײŹȺĽףҵȾͲˡ
ħʼ״Ҳٿڡ
ȻǿƣҲ֪Լв⣬Ҷ²ڣŲء
λɣü˵գҶ˵ͷ漴תعš
ղŵˣϾħʱҪǿһ˲ţóü궼ˡ
ʵ̫ˡ
ˣȥɣת˵
˵˵ͷ漴žʮŸˣΪһȽعš
⣬Ѿ׼һپλ׵壬ֻҪһȥϾռЩ壬Ϊһӵ顣
ʱ˿̣ۡħʣԼʮλĿ⣬˵ˡ
˵Ҳ֮ɫӵ壿ʲôǴδһ죬Ҳǳڴ
ҶҲڽţ֪ЩǷĿȥ⡣
صĹţ赲ķֽߣƺҲһ֮⡣
Ŀע£˵˷׷׽ţߵķǳϾҲ䡣
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ԶϣϣʥŷʥͶǣңңعš
ΪⷢúԶ
ʱ򣬳üӹ֮з˳ϣϣʥ˵ˣǾͿҪˡ
ˣʥ˵ͷ
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ʱţһٵģӰ𽥴ع֮и֡
ЩһﵹǽǺǣʥЦ
˵˷ǳϾǲüǵһδԽعţҲ˵ˣԽعŵǿߣȫˡ
棬ǵȻҴ⣬һСĽ
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ͻȻһ
̫ˡ
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Զʥһ
ҶȻ̧ͷеھ·ʲôµĶ
ԭһе޵׾ϿգȻƾճһѷ죬˸ЩɫǾŲʵġ
ЩֵʱҶ˶еԼС·һ磬ܽǺɱ
η塣
磬عŵһߣۡħʣһǣȫعţг֮ɫ
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һ
ħʳ˵һΣһλǱģһ˲䶼֧Ųˡ
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ڴԽعŵ˵ˣŵͷһȴԼѾܵˣعſˡ
һĻʱǼĲˣһ
´ȵ죬ȥ֮ǰռЩ壬Ψһ
˵ԣʱҧҧ漴һǰЩ塣
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Ų֮
̫Զˣǽٵʱ˵Ѿסһپ塣
ʱһپ壬ͻȻ˫һɹǿϢų
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ֻǣЩŲǰԶͻȻʧˡ
޵׾ʱָƽ
ɹˣ
عһߵ۶ʱһϲڵӣ貵⡣
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ˣǵѾñ飬⻹ǵһ˲
µĵȴѰһ˿
̫ˣµҲ˷
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һ콫ʷᣬΪˣڳɹ̤˽⡣
ΰһ졣
ԶҶ죬ЩǿǣЩء
ҵþ̤𾳽磬뿪˵ءҶ찵뵽
浣۵˻⡣

عһߡ
ϣϣӭһˣǾĵһǿߣλ׺λס
Ϊ׵˸ܵʥǹǿİ벽Ϣ֮æ˵ˣһ˵죬ʥ
ʶʥȻ֮ǰҲһЩϢ
ʥ΢΢ЦӭλǰͣǳΣգһȴλȥɡλʱҲܹһǽķ⡣
֮ã΢΢һЦ漴óһöռָʥ˵ν׵ˮա
ˣǷǳδ¡ʥҲͽӹöռָŴ²涯ֽŵģϾǻϣиĽס
漴ϣŴߣ뿪޵׾


һǧʮ ֮·
ʥǡ
ŷʥʥħǶۼ
Щ۷ǿǣʥжħ𣬶Ѿ̤˰벽𾳽硣
ֻŷʥһ㣬ϾʥʱЩ˵㣬ʱҲ˵㡣
ŷʥҶ͸ˮ벽ҲԶˡ
ʥ㽫Щ˰ʲôطЩʵ
ʥ΢΢ЦʱţǿҲǸˣ츳Ҳֻ൱״Բ磬óüǣҲʲôˡ
ǽӴѪħ˵ˣǷ޵׾ܣӦ鷳ˡ˵
ŷʥ˵ͷ漴Щֵ˵˵ʮԪ˺Ѫħ򶼷ǳƽЩǵķ񡣡
˵߲Ů߲չˣѾʮԪûгˡ˵
ѪħҲûʲôãóʱ䣬ʵЦ
£ڳΪ벽ˣں߲һϴˢԼĳ衣
Ϊ˱ܣʱʵ
ȽЩˮַȥᾡܶһЩǿߣӶǿʵȻҵҲҪŬ㲻ܳΪҲҪһʥ˵գˮָˡ
ν׵壬ĴУ԰ձ䡣

һŷ
˺ͼˣŷš
һԵĶʵˣΪʲôҪ˵磿ʲôÿģ
ǰӦô̽͹ħ䣬ҵһ߹߹ħʬ壬ǴԷԸ񡣡ԱҲ˵
΢΢ЦżǲŸճ϶ڼǣھжĻֻᱩ¶ǵĿģһ񡣡
Ҫȵʲôʱ򣿡ü
еʱ䣬Ҳ˵ˣȱٵıʱ䡣ЦЦĿ䣺ţɹһ£Ⱥ˷ɾ衣
ʱҪʲôʵ
˴һƬǿԴľѧҪκεأҪʱͳˮ˸ܵǵ⣬ǶǷɾ衣ûҵ˭ҲҪ񣬵ǽͽ֮ж˵
ðɣġ
˵ͷ

ʱʮԪڲ֪о͹ȥˡ
磬̩ɽǡ
չʮԪҶ죬ͻȻ۾һ˫ڵӣƺҹ֮е̫͵ر貵â˺գ⡣
һ˲䣬һǿƴҶϱ̩ɽǡ
ţ
ǿƣ
Ҷ𣿡

̩ɽǣһڿ䣬Ǵ£ˣ׷׳Ҷסĵط
ʮԪҶ춼ڱչأڱ˶
ֱ죬Ҷ챬ǿƣЩ벽𼶱ĿǸе
Ҷƶӽˣ۷벽𣬶оЩСڷῴҶķп֮ɫ
Ϊµǿ䣬Ѿ۷벽ˣڰ벽УӦûжٵˡ
ںҶһȣͲ̫Զˡ
뵽Ҷ꺣ʱ򶼻ɱ˺ңͲ֣ܽҲȻˡ
磬Ҷǹϵǿ벽
ʱ
ҶڸԼ꣬Ȼǿ󣬵ȴЩź
Ϊṳ̂𾳽磬Ȼǰ벽𾳽硣
Ͳôһ㣬ȴʼû취̤롣
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ѾǾ𼶱аȫˣʹڵˣʼṳ̂𾳽磬֪ΪΣ
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Ͼİ˴Ҳֻһ˴ﵽֵزΪߡ
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Ҷչ˼꣬Ȼûջ񣬱ȥѰ½ˡ
˫ʲôĿģڶڽ׽׶Σ˴˵Ĺϵڡ
¶ҶѯʣǾĽģЦ˵Ҷ֣𾳽ɲô׾ͻƵģ㹻ˣҲҪһʱͬʱ㻹Ҫսп̼̤ܵ𾳽硣
սҶ¶֮ɫ
սЦ˵𾳽ϣͲƽȴﵽÿһλɱģսģÿһλ𣬶иԵƣǳǿ󡣡
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۾һЦҶȻ𣬵սӦñȼˡ
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°˰֣ЦҲֻܸ˵˵Ϊÿһλĵ·ͬҪ̤𾳽磬ҪԼҶ츳Ҿͻ⣬ాǧԪˡ
ҶЦûмǧԪ԰ϾħĴҪˣҪ̤𾳽硣
£Ҷǣȥչˡ
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һٸԪڣһҪΪ𣡡
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һԪʱתۼԪĩڣսٴοˡ
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ħ֮Ӹǿ֮Уʮλ𣬺ħʮλ𣬻Գ֡
ҶҲŪˣۺħûʲôޣ˫ҲûʲôޣÿԪһΣҲΪģдһ°ˡ
ۺħҲģÿһԪҲдһΡ
ţ
ȻҶܵһɳĿ⡣
Ҷʱ̧ͷĿȥ΢΢¶һĨЦݡ
Ǹ¶ˣǲ֣꺣еĹħ
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ҪɱҶ죬Ͼ˫ڽ׽׶ΣۺħҲ֣౨һҶˡ
ԴˣҶ˿壬ĿֱŲ
˵ֻǿ֡ôڵѾ岩ĳˣٿԱֲܡ
뵽µĻҶʱѾӿһɾս⡣


һǧʮ ս
֮Уۺħ˫Ѿˡ
ɨһۣ΢һҶ죬漴Ц˵ȻѾˣǾͿʼɣд裬Ҫս˭С
Եú⣬Ͼ飬Ѿ̫ˣÿԪһΣѾϰˡ
һҲΪȻһͷѰʺԼĶ֡
ֽҶ죬̤նָҶ죬ߵСӣϴһ٣οеһս
һ״ʱˡ
Ҳֺ֪Ҷ飬ϾҶǲŲֳģòߣ黻ڱͷϣҲ޷ܡ
ϣ£˭ַɡ
һķ
Ǹ߸ϣ㲻ںıϣӡ
ϴγֶûնɱҶ죬Ҷô̵ˣ
ҪΪۺħʵĹϵֿ»׷ɱҶ졣
ˣ۸ոջ䣬־ͳսˡ
ֻǼӣôսҶˡǺǣ
սһ𶼲ǵ϶ѣֵһλս𣿲Ҳֻϴˢ裬ҾλǿƳ֣һлҶСӡ
ǿɲһŶʱʮԪҶ첻ͣͲսҲӽˡ
ӽ𣿹жٸţ˭ڰ벽𾳽ԽսһΣҲֻǴˣĻȫ֣ҶСˡ
δذɣһΣ¿ȫˣҶСҲֻˣû
ǻĿԴɡ

һ۷׷ףС
ۺħҲ¶֮ɫ
ԱߵҶ죬Ĳ֣΢΢¶һ˿Ц
ֵս֮УҶҲҪս֣ϾȵսҶ컹ûаա
Ҷ֣ģڣֲɱġ¶Ҷ촫
Ҷ΢΢һЦ̤նֶ棺ȻҶĳȻ᲻ӣɣ
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ͫһҶУʱһĨ֮ɫ
ʿգĿ
Ҷ죬ѾʮԪǰҶˣʱҶֻǿﵽսֻܿɲֹС
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ףǿƣƶˡȵ
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ֽҶ죬ЦͽˣȽסһ˵
˵ͬʱóԼĺɫħһɿµĵʱһƬɫĺ񷣬ǿա
ɵռϣΪﵽ𾳽磬Էǳĺƴޱߡ
һֱ£޾գҪҶն䵶¡
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ǿĵһ̤𾳽磬¶еǿߡ
οҪ﷭ˡ

Χɫޱȣһս߶˼ޣӳΰҪҶĵѹȥ
վȻҶռڵȼ棬ȴҶռһΣϾһλ
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һ̣ضƺ룬涼иˡ
类ƿͬٵһĩվ
Ҷ첻Ҵ⣬ռ߶˼£ϵعӭȥ
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޴ƥĺɫħֲֿ޷赲
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Ҷռˣ޷סһ
꺣ľȻȫˣҶ췴ĻᣬҪһҶ죬ϴˢԼĳ衣
ǣһֻ޴ȭͷɣ𣬵סſµĺɫħ
Ҷ죡
˿̣տտӢ˲ͷɫ裬һɿֲȭƵ˳ȭͷ񷣬ӲסǼĺɫħ
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Χսǣȫ¶֮ɫ
ΪҶ첻ס˲ֵĺɫħһɳȥͬһ޵еս񣬴Ӻڰ֮ɱ˳һȭ˺ޱߺڰĹ
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־ŭӣ޷ǰһУȻ¶׺֮ɫڵҲûй˼ɵرħɱҶ졣
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ʱԼȫ֣ûлҶ죬ǰǿƻ⣬ŭԴ
ɱ
޹˼ɣȫ֡
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ֵĺɫħȴԼȻ޷Ҷ죬ǳҵȭ⣬̫ҫˣǿֲȭһδκˡ
һ𣬾Ȼһ벽𼶱ϸˡ
һ̣ΧǶ֮С


һǧʮ 
ս
һ֮ս
ҶչܣӶȭǿƳһȭһȭϵغɱ𣬽ĺɫħˣȭƥ޵С
ŭ죬ɫħǰһƥĵâ¶һצ͸޵е
ȣ
Ҷȣ˫ޱȣͬһսϵػӶȭȭޱȣɫ̫貵ԣǧ硣
ʮԪĲҶΨҶѾﵽ˸ߵĳ̶ȣʽȭҲĸΪˡ
֮εսԵҶ벽۷弶߶ӲҶſٴδ߶սֱֲ˹
Ҳˣ
Ҷ쿴ŶĲ֣Ц
ҧгݣð棬һȼյħ񣬻¶ͷųޱߵΰǱɫħɨգһУɱҶ졣
ŭˣŭˡ
һ𣬾Ȼһ벽𼶱ϱƵϡ
׼һлҶ죬Ѿ֪˶ˡ
һս۲ǷҶ죬Ѿˡ
ûһܹ֮ս𣬵Ҷˣǧţȴ̤ʯ˳Ц

ŭ죬״
˶ڷ⣬ŨϢضһɿµ
Ƭ磬ȫֵϢ֣߸߾еĺɫħԼעУ޵еһ
˺
绮Ʋ񷣬˺ǿա
ֽԼսӳˣҲǱƼˣΪΧЩ۷׷ףȫھ̾Ҷı֣׳һǣһС
˭𰡣
ڣ̫ڣȫĿĽ㡣
ڣȴһϵıܹܣʵ̫ˡ
£ҲͻԼԼսӳˡ
ԹܹΪģһߣ
ܹΪ𣬶һţͬ磬ǶǿһܹΪ
ʱֱչԼǿ츳ս׿ޱߵǱҲһٺǿĹ
貵ħ͸ҵĺڹ⣬·ͲֺΪһ壬Ϊһ֮ͨҶնɱ
һضɫˡ
Զһ𣬶ɫһ䣬Ҳû뵽ܹӳ˵սЩ⡣
Ϊȵһ𣬶սεһ
ڣֵĹȴһЩеȵ𶼸еɵˡ
εǺƿȻһ˿ͻƵҪлҶˡǺǣһЦ˵
ѾܾˣһֱûͻƵڣǾһսȴҵһ˿غܿܽˡ
⻹ҪҶĴ̼
ʱĲ֣ȴѹһҲмҶ죬ΪԼͻƣǶԼĻۣԼ츳չ֣Ҷûаϵ
˿̣Ȼ˷ŭҪǰҶƬ
Ҷȭ̫ǿˣü֮Ǹɫġ֣ۡޱȵҫ貣ϯһɺƴƥܣⷽ֡
ҶһȭضҪ涼֧Ųסһȭǿ
ȻѰͻƵҪͻƵڣҪٵʱ䣬ھͻˡ
ԣֵսҲûӶ٣ȻκβҶ졣
ңҶԽսԽ£ȭһȭһȭͣսüĵĽɫָۡҫˡ
ͬʱҶܵ˺ܶȭϢǶ۵ĸһһΣս֮УȻҶա
ʱ˿̣Ҷף۵괴սʱҲǲϵսѰǿս
ԣֻвϵսܼӡǣҶȭӵǿ
ɣҿǷ޷ԽܣҶӡǵ壬սһѪȡ
Ǵ𣬷عҶ죬ԲܰܣΪһܣǾһУȥ£ΪҶ̤ʯ
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ɱ˷ɱ˿񱩣ضڶ
һս̫ˣҲ̫ˣҲ̫ˡ
Զսλǣţһսеڡ
Ҷı֣ǵ֮⣬𾪲ѡ
ۺħʣɫصضųУȻҶı֣ѾǶʼеˡ
ɱִȣħȻǣҶһѪۣʼƴˣ˷ҲҪɱҶ졣
䣡ҶĮս죬һ㶼ű˺ѣһȭڲֵؿڣǿֲȭâ㽫ֹᴩ
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һȫɳȥѪ
ֵѪҺÿһζŨϢΧնըˣһЩʯ䱬ˡ
֮Ѫôǿ󣬸οˡ
ҶܹѲֺѪս԰ˡ
ʱҶӵ˱ȼս
ִǿаѹסڵڣɫħٴɱҶ졣
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Ѿˣܵۺħʵ𷣣ҲҪɱҶ졣
սҶֻһ֣ûҪɱ֣Ϊǲʵڻûɱһս
ǣҶ컹ȫսҪѰ̼Ѱͻ𾳽УӶ뵽ϵľ統С
ҶڵѾﵽ𾳽磬ʽȭ֮εģѾ˽𾳽ıǮͻۣΨһģһ˿
ֳͬһǰҲûѰһ˿ֱҶһսټеķŭҵˡ
ڣҶѰһ˿Ҫ𾳽硣
Ļӵϵսʱһ֣
Ϊʲôûһо
Ҷһ벩ֻɱһ侲˼š
սѾ˺ܾãͲּܾˣɱķǳң˴˶ص˺ۣսȻɱš
ΧЩǣڿҶУҲûһ˿߰Ͳмеֻغ;̾ѾҶ쵱ͬһȼˣһֻϡ
ҶԼսȡЩǵͬ
Ϊһ淥ˣҶɻǧţ鶼ǵ
һսעҪʷϣΪľ䡣
ϧһвǲҪģҪһֻϵıڿŭҪɱҶ죬ҲԽԽҡ
ɱ
ӲȭĺҲҪеĺɫħҶؿڣǿ͵ŰƥϢҶڣҪĥҶꡣ
Ҫͬھ𣿡ҶЦȭͷҲ˲ֵڣƥȭƵüĽɫġ֣ۡ貵Ľ⣬ڣѹŲֵơ
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һǧʮ Լս
ҡ
һ̫ˣҶ嶼㱻˺ˣֵҲѷ죬˲˷񹥻˴ˣüζͬھ
˵ϣǶܵشʵӦ½Ŷԡ
ȻҶ죬ǲ֣ǵսû½ǡ
ƺͻһּޣڳӳԼս
Χսǣȫˡ
У˶Ƿӡ
䣡
Ҷһȭ俪ֵؿڣ񱩵ȭŰƥȭһƬкָûˡ
ִѪһ˫ڵӣȴ͸˵âݺݵҶ죬еĺɫħգݺݵҶ죬Ҷһֻ첲ˡ
ɣַЦƺԼʤ
ȻЦݺܿˣΪҶǳĺֱԼֻϱۣ񱩵˲ըƥܽҶͲһ𶼸ûˡ
Χ۵ǺȻҶƴҲҪ֡
ҶľȻû𾳽磬ȴֱֻԱǿֲ̫ǿˣȫһҪ¶ˡ
ҶԼѣ棬ѷ졣
ңϾҶֻϱ۸ͬʱҲҶҪĿ꣬ܵӿ£ԭѷУʼͷų޾ܣҪ򱬵Ľࡣ
ԶۿһĻ۾΢΢һУ漴ȵˣ
䣬Ѿ֣һƺҶ죬һƺ֣ɵؾͽ˻ɳȥ
ǲ֣Ҷ죬˿̶ƺأ嵽˱ıԵƴһΣǾͬھˡ
ܱ۷ֿˣֻǺݺݶҶ졣
кܲʣ
ȻһսûзֳʤѾˣҰܵĺǱ
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Ҷ۾һУ֮սݣпеģϾ𾳽磬ǳϧԼټʵ࣬û˻ƴġ
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֪Ϊħʵһ仰ų׼˲ֵŭòľ
ħߵ˵ʱǳ־Сӣߣ๼һ벽𶼽ˣֻ
΢΢ҡͷû뵽ħҪ
ϧֻ֪Ѿħˡ
ҶһսΣգ˶
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Ҳ˳ҶЩȣƺû뵽ҲΪԼͷ
¿֣Ц㶼ѾҪˣʱԼսҲ̫޳˰ɣЩ棬Ҫ㶪ˡ
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ǱߵĲ֣Ҳޱȵľŭӣû뵽ԼȻ䵽
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ЩˣʵվħߵģֻǲֱŭģһûзӦ
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ԶλˣһλһλħǵʵȲҪǿˣڵǿߡ
˳ûҶͲôֻƽд裬һУһУûҪɱԷֻ֤˴˵Ĺ˭Ĺǿ
սƽȴһʡ
ҶڣǵҪͻĹؼʱ˷ܵؿλ֣ʩչĶ𼶱ľѧ
λʩչʮ˷ħ֣֣֡Աʩչ
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漴Ԧϣţ˺գ뿪޵׾


һǧʮ ԴƬ
뿪޵׾ҶԦϣţ밵棬ǰۡ
һ·ϣףߡ۾ڿɫսʱ¶ηĿ⡣
Ϊ˶֪սˣҶ죬Ҳ֮еǿߡ
ˣǾǳսɣ˵Ҷģһǳǿһ֮УһӶԱߵ˵
Աߵӣˣǵһ뿪ˡ
ʮԪȥˣѾ罻Σÿζλ׺λ׵塣
һˣѾ˻ĺˣͺܶ׶Ϊѡ
ôʱ䣬Ѿǳ˽ˡ
ȻΪǵ뷨
˿֮дϣţм˵ȷǿ󣬲ûгΪ𣬶˵Ͳֵһᡣ磬һλ𣬶ܺɨˡ
⵹ǣû𣬱ˡЩ꣬Ҳ˵ˣԭλǿ𣬵ƺ뿪ˣ֪ô£Ҳ֪Ƿܻܲ˵
ҲǴҪ֪ģҴ䣬Ա׼ҲûãϾʮλ𡣸ҪǣۺħλϵĴڣǿǳԽ𾳽硣˵
ˣǵ͵ô꣬Ǹж˰ɣѾоˣѪħʼ棬ƺǹħĺᣬҲǿҵħʬ塣ӵ
ǸжˣԸȥǷͷжֻҪѼһ߹ħ߹ʬ壬ǵˡ˵˵ͷ
漴Ȼȥ
ȥ֮󣬰۾¶ȥؿ뿪ķЦ
Сʦ˵ûȺһһֱڵ͵Ϊ˼ǵĲ¼ɣҪ˶ãҪжˡ
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ˣʱʱ̶̿˼ӡ
ӳüʯۣ۾
ǿǣżǣӶǵĶ˽ǵĿġ

ۡ
Ҷֱӿϣų˽ټϣŵǿһҲ۲ѹơ
ο۲ѡȻҲѹ
ʱ۲ӦˣʱҶǰ
ţôôǿ󣿡۲һҶ죬ʱͱ㱻һΪǰҶ죬·嫵ǿһǿƥе
𣬾𼶱СӣΪ𣿡۲鲻ࡣ
Ŷã
ŶʮԪɣҶȻѾﵽ̶ֳȣʵš
Ҷ촳˺ڰħھŲ㣬ž츳Ҳôɡ
ڿ˰ɣ㹻ǱܹΪ֮ҶȻ˵εͷų
εϣõ۲İ
ҶҲ֪һǳ˽ҪõİǾͱ¶ԼĵƣηС
Ϊ۲Ҫ޸ֻҶˡ
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ΪҶ̶ȣҪѾʱ䣬һٸԪڣԿԳɹ
£۲ʵҪʲôҵѾ͸ˣѾûʲô԰ˡ
Ҳˣҵ꾳Ѿ㹻ĸˣ𾳽粻Զˡڣ˵Ҫı塣ҵʥ磬̫ˣҽʱ䡣ҶֱԲ˵
Ҫ壬ֻʱۡ
ѾûжʱҶˣҶɵȲĻۣҪ㽫㹻ǿ󣬴Ӷ𾳽硣
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Ȼ˵Ҳûа취
ʲô취Ҷʱʵ֪ԼûһϾĲ϶֪ܶš
ףĵ̫ˡ۲˵ĵǱܴ󣬵ǻڳɳ׶ΣֻҪĵǿˣľҲߡ
ѾܿˣʱҶڲȻĻôô̤ʥ硣ҶЦ
һֱڲռԽܿ죬ʮԪ̤ʥ硣
ֱܡ
棬ҲҶĿֲٶȡ
⻹ΪҶ꾳ܸߣԸЧܺãŻô졣
֪۵Դʲô𣿡ͻȻ۲˵
ҶɻԴҪǲ˵һ治֪۵ĶԴʲôѵ
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Ҷʱ뵽֮ģ˵֮ǹ֮ıԴƬӵ޾
뵽˴Ҷ۾ʱһĺԴѵҲ֮ıԴƬ
۲˵ֻ֮㲻ܹλ纣ǵ޾ڻ纣ǵıԴƬ۵ĺԴġ
˵ʲôҶɻ
֮ıԴƬͺӡһҲһλ֮ĵ뷨ֻԼϸںϣٶȼӿ졣۲˵
һǾҪıԴƬҶüͷĵ֮ģǿ϶ɵģϾԺ϶дôȻ
۲˵ǿ鱾ԴƬ̫Сˣûãֻ鱾ԴƬ֧ҵҲޣ汻֮ѹƣѾ޷ջ纣ˣһһ㡣һľҾĳ׻ˡ
ţøãҶʱȵ
۲Ц㲻ܳΪ֮뿪һҪˣȫ㣬ֻ㶯һܲܳΪ𣬾ͿĻԵˡ
лֻҪҳΪ֮ұ֤һ޸㡣Ҷ֣ص˵۵ĲǰǷݺζܴȻ塣
£۲Ĵ£Ҷ۵ģ˱֮ĻҪӴ֮ԴƬ
ȻֻһƬȴǳ嫣űҪԶԶǿ
ۺħʵҲ˰ɡҶ찵ľڣ֮ܵǿ
ϾһƬ൱ۺħǸΣˡ


һǧʮ 
磬޾ա
ǵսڼϾۺħʮλһ֣Ҫʱ䡣
ҶѾȶˣûмڻָǰ˼ǵս档
Խ󣬶սʵԽǿ
ҶѾ³ˣһλڵϱ֣Ȼ·磬Ȼǿƥÿһƶǲ񷣬޾ն֣ضֻʣλӰ
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ΪλʱյӰ죬͸ڤڤ֮еϵӶʱһս
ս̫ˣҲ̫Σˣκһʱյʧܣпеʧܡ
´÷ǳ֮ͣͬǰһЩд裬Ǵ˻ΪںܾˣϣͨһսͲһҵͻƵ
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Ϊһڵĳǿߣλħϱ̫ԶˣΪʱ򣬶»꺣һء
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ͬʱҶõ˴µָ㣬ҪԼȥ֤


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¿˵ͷ漴ֻҪҳΪ𣬾Ϳʩչ񼼣ͨ飬Ӷʵָǰ۷ս


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ʱ޵еϢӿûء


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Ѿȥ꺣ڻʱͻȻ̫ǡҾãбҪǲһλ̫ǣҲһʧ½
Ц㵱ħǳԸɷҸ½棬ʵ֮£Ҷߣ˵ҲеȷҪһλ̫ǣǲ̫ˡ
ȥ֪ͨħʣò̫ǰɣڽڣʵҲ㹻ˡңʹҶ죬ԲҶһ˿һӳȥĻᡣ漴˵


һǧٰʮ 
һĹ֮УһۻİӰ۾ţ·ƬڰԨ
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´Ѷ˵ħޱߣ磬ҲΪһʧϾǵȴô꣬ò׿лǰ棬ȻΪʧᡣ
ãһòȥ̫ǣҵҪСϣƤӵ̫ǵģߣħһ漴رͨѶ
΢΢¶Ц֮ɫħһ߰ޱȣҲû취ȻѾ˵ħǲȥҲͷˡ
Ҷ컹ûͻƵ𾳽磬𾳽磬ҲͺͲ൱ֵܴ
⣬ħڣҶӽ̫ǵĿܶûС
΢΢ЦҲΪһʧϾΪҶӵõ
£¼չ

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ٴν꺣ҶԵɶˣһſս𼶱а궼ˡ
ңҶлϣ֮Լ塣
ϣ֮ǴǳĿֲҶһ߶ԷӳӽڵĹ
ټ壬ҾȲ۷𣬵ǾԱһҪǿˡ
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ʱӳȥѾˡ
ۺħʼǿҲܹƾԼϢܽסһλ۷ڵǿ߶ѡ
ԣҶѾаͻƷ̫ˡ
ֻҪ̫ǣۺħʸϵٿ죬Ҳ׷ˡ
֮ǰնɱһЩа꣬ԺûٽˡҶ΢΢һЦ漴ʼնɱаꡣ
ЩаﵽʲôֻҪǱģնɱȻսС
ϾòЩа꣬ܽҶҵĺá
Ҷһ·ɨȥһаΧûãϣ֮ûжã㽫Щаһɱ
Ҷ߷ٶҲаķŭ
ûã𼶱аɱˣҶΧסƥϢ
ɣüһҵս
Ҷտտս⡣
ʱûжϣֻ֮ǻӶȭ𼶱аɱȥ
üģһɫġۡͷųҵĽ⣬ޱȵҫ۶Ŀ
Ҷһ޵еս˫ȭӶ֮䣬涼ҡΣ꺣ӿֳһɹɾκˣ綼ˡ
䣡
һ𼶱аŭ˻ţҶ죬ȴҶһȭɳȥΧ֮ڣǿ͵ڱըһƬڡ
ɱ
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¡¡
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𼶱а걬ǿսƥϢ׼Ҷһ
Χʱնˣ·ûж赲Ĺ
ңҶȭʱ޷ȭֻؿ𼶱аɱ
ҶǲԴеģһȫ¶ͷųҵĹâüĵĽɫۡԽԽҫۣһŨϢȻϱ

ûؼʱҶ𾳽硣
ǿޱȣҶһ̤磬Ͼͺһȭ
һȭԶȸղŵȭҪֲ޵еȭƵһΨҶϢ£ǰ𼶱аĻ
ԼԼԿõ𼶱аѾһЩѷ죬Ҫ
ɱ
Ҷûɱ׼Ƚһ𼶱аꡣ
Ͼ޷õͣ𾳽磬Ͼͻ䵽벽𾳽磬ϧʱ䡣
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ҶһȭӶ񷣬Ƭضڶȭͷ·ԶźĳǧԪʱ䣬µĳӶڱ
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𣡡
Զ𼶱аŭţҪԮѾˡ
սʤڷ֮䡣
ҶԼ𾳽ʱȫչֳԼǿһȭǰ𼶱аꡣ
𼶱аţɫ¶һɿֲϢ
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ûʲô赲ȭ𼶱а꣬Ҳ޷ֵ飬־ǹɿֲȭĥ
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ͬʱҶľҲվڰ벽𾳽硣
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ɱ
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𼶱а궼޷ֵһĵɳȥϵĹâһ󰵵ܶڿ񱩣ܵ˲ơ
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۷ֻ۷壬Ͱ˴۷ǿȣܶࡣ
Ͼ˴۷𣬲ӵ۷弶۷壬սǿ
ȥɣ
ܵϣ֮ǿҶ쵱ʱ䣬ϣ֮ʣµ𼶱аҲնɱȻս֮С
Ҷ꺣ݺһ꣬ջ˴а꣬뿪꺣
꺣ڹ½͹ħ½֮⣬̫Щ룬ԴʱҶȳŹ½ķȥʵϣѾ׼壬׼̫ˡ
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Ҷޱȳң̫ǵķĽ£ǹ½
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ʱڹ½йħ½ۺħҲӦҶ죬ֻǶû̫⣬ҶֻǴ꺣ˡ
һ̣ҶȻ٣̫ǡ
˼
ħһڵĺ⣬ǳһĨɱ⡣
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Ҷ컹ûӳԶͱһǿϢˡ
Χʱռ䶼ֹͣˡ


һǧٰʮ 
𣿡
İɭĹ֮УħʻԼıվһ˫ڵӣ·޾ĺڰԨȻɭȻ硣
ţһ̤˾ʧˡ

ǡ
տտ޾ķӳȥʱնֹͣˡ
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̫ǵҶ죬ûнӽ̫ǣҲ֮С
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Ҷţóϣֲ֮ʱ߶һƥϢϱ
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ԶǵۣȻһĻɵͫһš
ǿ߶ˣ޷һ𶼲ǵϣȻѣ
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ұ⣬ȴˣǺǣħʱķЦ۵ĶС
ɫȴȻħѾˣôûбҪٳˡ
ͬʱҲ˿û뵽ħʻԳ֣Щϡ
һҶӲˡ
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ʱҶѾҪӵ̫ˣ󷽳һɿֲϢ֮ıһޱߵĺڰ
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ħʾȻԶˣЩ
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ȻϯޱߺڰԽԽǹɿֲİѹҲ𽥶
ǿ壬ȻԽǵ磬ӦþС˵Ǿ֮ɣʺϱʣ
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ͬʱҲЩڣԼûԳ֣ˡ
İɣúܣеߴ۷иǿߣһ˿޷ħЦ˵
ǵħʳȥˣͲˡ
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СӣӲģԹɣʿԱ֤ɱ㡣ħЦ
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ٶȣǿ֮ģٶġ
ʱҶٿ壬˫Ӷ֮䣬ϯһʱ籩һɿռ籩ǿİ£ٶȿ쵽˼¡
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ħɫһ䣬û뵽Ҷٶô죬һҶһȭ
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Ҷ֪Լ𾳽ͣ˶ʱ䣬֮ǰûжãΪһ̱ΪԼĵơ
ʱħѾƵǰˡ
ڣҶѾûеˣֻܽ߾ȫ̫ǣһ
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󷽣ħʷҶϢһӱ࣬ʱɫ䣬Щš
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ҶһӾͽ̫С
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ʱ֮ڣħʾаոϹȥˡ
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ڣҶߣ־ԼԺ޹˼ɵɱҶˣʱۺħҲ˵ʲô
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ԣֳ˸ܵһǿը֮⣬ûз֮ǰһĻҲͲҶǿ
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ڲ֮ʣҶȴܲô࣬߸߾ϣ֮ȫ㳯Ųնɱȥ
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Ϊһֲ̫ˡ
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䣡
һλ½ǿߣô䱬ˡ
ǿֲϯ̫Ƕڿ񱩡
ã̫һصϢѹסɿֲ
ҶûһûعС
󷽴ħʷŭĴ


һǧٰʮ 
¡¡
ҵڷӿµϢʮأƥħϺȻ٣̫Ƕڲƺ֧Ųסɿֲ
ǲ
ռ䱻˺ѿһӰ¶ϯĺɫħƬعš
ħʡ
ħЯޱߵŭ𣬳عǰǿϧѾһҶѾ˹֮С

ħ˫ƣع̽ȥ
µħĴӿعš
磬Ҷոմع֮ӳܵһɿֲϢ궼ڲ
á
Ҷ쾪ֻǿϣ֮ԼǰȻ˶һɺɫûˡ
䣡
ֲҶɳȥ
ԶҶĿռֻؿţҽӽΪǹ̫ǿˣû壬ûϣ֮޷⣬ᱻɱġ
Ҷ죬û°ɣԱߵĳüҲؿһĻг˵ǡ
Ҷ۾ǰû˵
ܹܵԼı겢ûܵ˺صơ
ȵЩɢ֮ҶĿռų˹ȥ˱ʱնϲе塣
ϣ˿̶˺ܶഥĿĵ˿ڣ𽥵޸
岻ħҲٲħܹع档
Һû赲ټϣ֮ξˡȻ۾дҶ
ҶĿռϣ֮ͳüѸ˳˵ء
СӣǻĺܲңΪǳȥߡعڲħʷŭĴ
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ҶһЦŲħʵвħҪǿԳҲȵˡ
ȻƲأܹӳ磬ҶѾǳˡ
뿪޵׾Ҷı˳壬ΪղŵһҵսµѾѹƲס־Ѿ޷ټٿˡ
ʱҶѾסԼ塣
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ʱҶĿռԦһۣͨҶǰݴ½üѾһ뿪ˡ
Щˣǳʱ򣬾ѾҶĿռӡסˣȻ󽻸üȥˡ
Ҷ챾˿óһ𼶱а꣬ʼ걦䣬޸Լơ
ƷǳأҺѻָһԣû޾£ǲָܻƵġ
Ҷ꣬ܵħһǸ壬򱬣϶ѷ졣
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ʱ𼶱а֧£Ҷ챾𽥻ָ༸꣬ȫָˡ
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ҶĿռ忴űչеı𣬲ɵð뵽
걦ҶѾ˺ܶ࣬мΣգǿŹɹġ
ħصʱҶѯʹ壬Ҳ֪걦˭ģֻ֪һܾúܾǰǰ
Ҫ֪ӹ͹ħս֮֮е飬Ѿ˺ܶ¡
֮УҲ֪˶ٸǰˣЩһҲ塣
ֻǣЩն֮ˣЩҲûмֵǻ٣شһ֮֮˺ܶࡣ
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ҶѶʦģѾӳˣ˵ˣʱȥˡ
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ǰǰ˺ܶΣѾкܶˣѾʥǸˡ
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ʥԳĬƬ̣漴ڨڨ⡭еˣһˣֻһλףӦ÷ʲôˡ
ţһˣɣҶɫһ䣬Щɻ˵ѾԸˣʥʱ̼Ⱥ˲Ŷԣôܻһˡ
ʧٵǸ˽ˣǵһ׵ʱǸͷˡһʼǵȷӡǺ潻׵ĴԽԽ࣬˱ԽԽǿǶķЩǿļϣһģǺˡʥЦ
һʼĵһǿһʥصչˡ
ǺĽףĶѾλף״Բ͵۾ˡ
ʱʥ;ãʲôĿĵĻ϶ϣЩǿϣͺһƬˡ
ԭˣ
Ҷ˼ţʥϾ˭뵽һȺ״Բߣ۾εǿߣֻעڻҡ
ģȻֻһλ׾ˡ
һ㣬ҶҲ벻
ʱûҪģǴǳʱ򣬶ǸϢǸ֪عŵھ޵׾֪֮عŵ޵׾û𼶱ǸҲܽ޵׾ĺġ
Ҷ漴˵Ҫȥ׷ѰˣǵʵҲ£ϵ¿Լ߲ǡǵ¿ħȫԽ޵׾ĺģһʧȥ壬ʱûжв
ãˣһǲλ۾ȥ׷Ѱ˵䡣ʥ˵ͷһˣ׼ǲ۾εǿߣһʧ
ˣҪҪ߲ˣʥ漴ʵ
Ѫħ߻˵ǿ߶߲򣬲ҳ
棬ѾһҶˡ
ʱûҪϾ߲ܾܿµֶΣҲʲôڵǣǼţ̤𾳽֮ȥʰǡ
Ҷ˵ħӶ򣬿һʰǵ۷ǿѾ߲ʣµĸһ
ǺǣҲôΪģȽռ죬ֻʣһ򣬱ǳװΧʥЦ˵
ЩǴе¿ټһġҶ첻ٶԣʼȫ޸ơ
Ŀռ壬Ҳڼ𾳽磬׼̤۷塣


һǧپʮ Ի
ʱ´Ҵҡ
Ҷ嶼ݴ½չأԴϣ̥Ϊϣ֮ҶѾݴ½ϵ´һݴ½Ǿסͷܡ
ңҶԳ֣ݴ½ޱȵľ޴ǧһһ½ҲĿǰһ½
µķչݴ½ѾΪĵط
ܲҲᵽĸ߲Ҳס
ǿߵļеء
ȻҪģҶչء
ʱڣҶڲϵػָѾҪȫָˡ
Ҫﵽ𾳽磬ƺǲôһ㡣
ΪʲôҶѾԶݵͣ𾳽磬Ϊһ޷ȥأҶ۾¶˼֮ɫ
ҴҶҶ챾Ѿ׻ָˡ
˿̣һ֣ͨĵ·
ݣҶƺѾ˷ʼصоʱʺ걦䣬ʮ˷ħԼӡǡ
ǰߣ۷ǿĹ;ѧߣ֮ĳľѧ
ĸκһͨ·Ĵš
ҶֹһоѰһ˿ϣ
־꣬ԪĩڣҶԼΪ޷ʱͣ𾳽ˡ
ûдﵽ𾳽磬ҪǣҶûԪӤ
ʱҶڣȻ𵤣Ȼǳľ޴ɢ𼶱
Ҷ걦е֪ǵӤһ
飬ΪԪӤ
ꡣ
ҶѾﵽ𾳽磬ƷʣȥȻֻǰ벽𾳽硣
ֻһԪӤܳΪ
һ֮Ҷ쿪ʼص걦䣬Щ𼶱аǳ죬ͿҪﵽͻƵıԵˡ
𵤣ԪӤһ
걦䣬һ㾳磬ﵽһ㣬ףﵽڶ㣬ôﵽأ
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ѹ־嶼֪Ź˭ģһﵽ۷ĳ
ֻϧĴ֮Ķ֡
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û֮˿Ѿܹ߳棬ǰ磬ΪĽһˡ
Ҷ뵽ʹ֮
Ҫ֪ĽҲǳѣ浽ڶû˳ѳȥһʲôΣգ޷ֵ
ڣǾҪٹħĽˡ
ǣ͵һλ֮Դˡ
ˣôԪͿԵ֮ǸǿߣҲδؼɵȺħĴˡ
ϾħҪٻĽ磬ҲƵģ̫ǿ׹
Ҷʹ۲֪Ľ粢ûб糹ڻĽ绹кܶǿȻڵֿŹ͹ħ֣ҲڰаĽ硣
ԣֻҪһλ֮Ҷоˡ
Щ̫磬ҪΪС
Ҷ찵һ̾ʼ±չأ걦䡣
һص걦䣬ͬʱЩ꺣ץа꣬ҲΪҶϣ꼫
ʱţԷ֣Ҷڲϵ
ĽѾ󵽲ˣ걦֮󣬾Ȼ
ԼԼɫѾʼųһ߲֮ˡ
Ҷʱһϲ֪ԼҪ̤𾳽ˡ

һԪʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
ʱڣħѪħӶ򣬾Աɻռֻʣһ򣬻սս
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Ҳ̼սսԽˡ

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ڴʱһǿϢͻȻǰӿȵɱޱߵѪ񷡣
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ʲô
Ѫħ״Բǿߣʱ֮ɫ۾еһḬ̃


һǧپʮ ֻ
ʲô
ǿƵֻҪӵһսһΡ
뵱ʥһܹư档
ڳ벽𣬵ļֵȻܸߣЩ۷ʥƾٿڰ벽ǰԱ
Ķһ㶼ʥͰ벽УѪħѪû뵽һλϿһ̫֮ˡ
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Ѫе״ԲǿߣֻҪӵôսԿԿߣһߣ൱۷ߡ
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ңҲЩ֣Ȼ̩ӵһΪλҪӵ


һǧپʮ 
ֻ벻ףҲûж룬뿪˴˵أϾһ̩˻һɱˡ
Ͼ򣬻ǷǳΣյģߵʵֻҲҹ
Ȼ뿪ʱֻҲ̩ӵϢǿǣС̩档

磬硣
ħȫǺɫĴأɫգĴǽɫģԶԶȥͷ·һ޴Ľ顣
ڹģһ޴Ľ·ͨ쳹һ㣬ɢź嫵Ϣ
Щһڹˣ˾η
Ϊڹ磬ֻϵǿߣܽ˿ûʸ졣
ʱһȽϴĽ棬վˣһźɫۣһŰɫۡ
˵ʶܲǽӲӵԿ뵮Ŀֲ
Ǿǹպĺڰ񣬶ǿߣһǿзǳϵλ
Ҳ𣿡Զգ˵
ûзֵĻߵ
΢΢һЦ漴ɫħĺڰħˣôĶ綼֪ˡ˵ǹħ壬ֳһõӡǵĳš
һӵӡǣôΪǿǱضˣлᣬһҪɱҡ֮С˸űĺ⡣
ֵǣħȻǲһȥĽˡңһһţϰߣӦûṫӶʾǹħԽУǶôġһΣȻûаϢǴħĺܶˣƺ֪λ˭۾΢΢˵
ͿжǸŲڹħ磡Цţħ֮϶ͽʱ϶ṫûйҲû˵ǿ߰˭Ϊʦȷġ
ڻĽ磡
Ŀ⿴Ľķ򣬸̾ڻĽ棬ǹħȷкܶڰħ˻Ľ磬ͻȻֵĳţ϶һĺڰħͨ˵ġ
ЩĽ˲ߣټڰаڻĽѾϳˡǩЭ飬ռĽ硣һΣħ幫Ȼ˺Э飬ΪǸţѵ𣿡˵
ǺǣǸЭ鱾һŷֻֽǻĽԴӶĲˣΪ˲磬ǲԸ˳Ľ硣ڣȻ飬ôЭҲûдڵıҪˡ
΢΢һЦ漴˵ȥĽȺħԲǵõǸţǵòҲҪɱ
ǵǲˣѾ鵽Ǹطһ֮׼ͬʱɳȥӦЦ
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ͬʱòʥúðϢԴ
뿪֮󣬵¿ʱЦ˵ҵĴԵȻҷ磬ҲܹطȫԽеʵ


һǧپʮ Ǳ
¿ǳˣ缴磬ǷǳϡٺģΪ̫γˡ
Ϊһ署һƽ⣬Ҫγ磬Ҫĸ
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Ҫս˫ģˡ
ҪһĻһʵ֣Ϊ˭Ҳ֪Ҫʲôͻ
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ңеЩˮҲѸǿʵñ

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ҶɫڱˣڵӣҲû֮ǰĲмǳ֮ɫ
һУλȫѾһһڶôˣǳɱˡ
Ҫ֪߲ŮǷޣ˫˫˺ܶΣҲǿ˫ɫͬġ
ԣǲܷ֮Уɱǲõġ
һвӲҶ켸˲֪ԼסʽҪҲǳѶȡ
޵УǿޱȣٶȺ͹棬һǿޱȡ
ԣҪĹǷǳѵġ
ҶѾﵽ𾳽磬ܿ뵽ע⣬ֻŮٻʱճӱ˹ȥѸҵ߲Ů
ҶûȥΪ߲ŮС˺ܶ࣬ԽȥԽܴù߲Ů
ǣΪ벽Ƕʱ䣬ȴҪǿ߲Ů
ǸʱڣҶ棬޵еĴڡ
ʱҶҵʱΣȻͨԼ꣬Ӱ쵽ȥԼֶԸ߲Ů
ʱڣɫûԲ߲Ů𶼱߲򣬲ҳ
Ҷڱչأּɵֶ߲ΣԱûмڳ֡
ҶڹܲôˣӰ쵽˹ȥԼǿƹ߲
ʱҶ죬ʵѾӵ˿սû˿ĵֱֵ߲֮ӱˡ


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ɫݻٵˣͬʱҲش˹ȥ߲Ů
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Ҷ뿪֮󣬹ȥǸʱָֻ
Ҫıȥǳļѣǲõ
ǣҶղһ֣Ҷ߲ŮȴͬʱһѪɫһޱȲ԰ףڤڤ֮ܵʲôشϢһӼ˺ܶࡣ
ţһеҲƽˣҶһȭˡ
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ҶԼһû뵽Чôá
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ҶһʼҲûҵõǵҪԸŮ߲ʱȴһӾҵˡ
ͺҪԼ֣Լܹ֡
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һҵ֮սĻˣеһЩսһź֮ɫ
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̫ûгˡԣʱŭ
ͬ⣬߲ͬ⣬Լѡ񡣡߲ЦĻܾ
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ҲãһʧϾʦ𶼾ǣǺͻǣϡŮ˵ͷ
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ڹݴ½ϣһ޴Ĺǳĺ׳ۣռҲǳľ޴ԶԶȥ𺳡
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𹬵ʥ԰֣Լලġ
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ս޼ǣλ۷壬״Բ磬ʱҲߵġ
ֻׯܣһʱ䷨һ˿ռ䷨ܹԴԼġΪߡ
ǾͲˣⱲǷԳΪߣҪԺĻˡ
Ҷʥ֮ôͳΪߣԼ츳֮⣬Ҫ㡣
һʥΪͽԽ̵
ʥҲǱŷʥ̼ˣϾŷʥҪ̵һˣۺˡ
ԣڽ̵Ҷʥʱʥǹעһٶʮ־ҶʥҲûʧɹ̤߾硣
⣬оҶԴˡ
ԼĶӣҶ쵱ȻҲ˽ģˮЩа꣬ȫܹ
츳ԴҶʥΪҲͿˡ
ݴ½һŵУûлعĽ޳⣬ҲֻСܹѹҶʥһˡ
СͳΪ۾ˣһ۷۾ǰûʦ۾Уֲܱܡ
ͽһֱҶĽҶС֧֣һҲҶʥ٣ˮаܹ꣬
Щݴ½ԽԽǿ󣬡ݴ½ҲΪĵһӰǳ޴
ھûҶ죬ݴ½û˸ҷˣΪݴ½ĳǿ̫ˡ
Ƚ߲¿ǣҲ԰ȥħˡչ֮أҶı۾ֵĳ棬ǳο
ݴ½ڲҪһ֧ˣѾԶκηˡ


һǧ 
𹬵УһƬ־
Ҷʥǣڶǿ߰Χţ˶أͽ
ϾҶʥʵʹﵽ˵۾վ۷塣
Ҷʥı󣬸Ҷǿף˱ʵȻ˹עĽ㡣
ƯŮ಻סе֣Ҷʥۡ
ΪҶʥһôҶŮУһûн飬ûš
ΪʱҶǼǣûٲġ
ϧҶʥⷽʵûиоһֱŬ
Ŭ׷Լ׵Ӱ²ԼĸףҲܱԼ˦̫Զ
ϾһǿĸһˣҲһѹ
Ϊʲôʱ򣬱ᵽʱ򣬶Ҷ졣
Ҷʥʵ̫츳УǾǻȮӣᱻ˳Цġ
ҶʥǳԼʵ֤Լ
Ҷʥ֮⣬ڳ֮Уһ㣬ǱҶĶͽС
Сʵ̫ҫˣⳡҶʥٰģȻ޷ڸСϵĹԡ
ΪЩԪУҶ̬֮⣬СĽٶˣֱǵڶҶ졣
ԣܻӭ̶ȣһҲҶʥһ˰Χ
СҶӣϲˣϼһﶼ˦ԶˡֻǰҶʥЦ˵
ֻزˡҶʥǫ
ȻǶݴ½ͬһţҶĹϵڣҶʥһֱСһֻǰ
úŬȡԽ㸸סԱߵ̫Ц
ҶʥҲ΢΢һЦ
ûҪԽԼĸףʵ̫ˣ涼ҲڶҶˡ
Ǹҫ۵СʦܣûΪԳԽҶ죬ΪҶĽٶ̫ˣϵڴһ漣˭ܱȵϣ
ҶʥֻϣԼҪ˦̫Զܹʼոڸ׵󣬾Ѿֵýˡ
ǼܵãΪʵ̫Ѿ˳Ȧӣÿһεļͥۻ⣬϶ס
һҪΪ𣡡
Ҷʥа뵽
ԼҪǷǳߵġ

һߣ̴һǿ׳ӣСǰ
Сɽһǳ֮ģҪҶָһ¡Ц˵ѾλˣټʦҶ죬ҶĴͽܣӰҲǷǳġ
ͽɽȴѾ׷һλףʦʵҪǿһЩƵͬʱҲǳˡ
ʦַģ֮ҾʹɽȥߡС΢Ц˵ԼĴʦ̣Ƿǳ𾴵ģҲǳϲԼһų֮ĵʦֶ
ɽлʦ壡ԣʱЦˣ漴һԵɽȵ
ɽæллʦ壡
ɽȻЩ񣬵ҲǱǳǰʦжôҫۣҲǳλʦ塣
Ȼλ˵еʦҶ֮⡣

ⳡֵʱѾ𽥱ˡ
鶼֪ǵҪˡ
Ϊ˿̣ڲϵݣǼ۶ܿõıٶȣԭƴޱߵ磬ѾСˡ
Щǿ׺ǣܹоıǵرء
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ϣһǵѡ񣬱ϾԺҪȥħ磬Сλ۷̾
ڴʱԶ꺣ģڷһɱ𼶱а꣬ӵ


һǧ 
ʲôˣѵ𣿾ȻԼħԱߣһ۷ɵؿԶ
ħ۾ȥӳаӰа꣬ȼУȫӵ
Щͨа꣬Щ𼶱а꣬Ҳˣһ
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Ҫ֪Щ𼶱аﵽϰλ֮࣬Ȼǵе۷ֻλôһ֣κһ۷Ҳ޷ֵ
һ˲䣬Ҫ˺á
ħߵλ۷𣬴˿Ҳ޷򶨣̲סԵħʡ
ħڵâ˸΢΢˼Ƭ̣㿪˵ıٶȺܿ죬Ѿ漰꺣ˣЩа궼ܵв׼ӳ꺣
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ްѾ֪ͨǰ˶սԼ統УЩаȥҲûйϵħʵ˵
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ҶڳΪˡ

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˵Ŀ⣬۵ϣǵϤӰ档
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ħħҲǿ֮УңԶĽϵǵΰӰɵһп֮ɫ
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ͬ׶ֵļ˷ܡ
ԴħʶоЩȤˣΪûͬˣоܹ¶
û뵽磬ȻһԲ;ϲ
ϧҵʵѹƣע޷һսˡħ漴̾
¿Ц˵Ҳãҵһǹħʬ壬ĻԷӳ۷ս
Ҫβܷӳȫսħʵ
ҵʦһ֫ʦ͹֮ͬھһЩȱ֫ħ磬ֻҪܹҵһܽ˻ָȫʵ¿˵
ħʶʱâɣɱҶ죬ȥħ硣
ĥɣȥˡ¿˵Ҳ뿪ˣҲҪȥ𼶱а꣬ԼΪ
ʱһλ۷ǿѾŮ˵Լʵ
ħüڣʵ󣬲ͿԴһȥˡھȥ˶սУҲȥȵ¿ڣǾ뿪˵ء
ǣ
µ˼˵ڿ뿪طˡ
Ȼû٣ǿԲúһˡ

ս
ҶıȻںͻٿɼţҶȻռϷ磬ҪɱٿɣҲǲܵġ
ֻܾٿɵʵȻӡٿɣٿɡ
ٿҲӣôֲ֪޵׾Ĵڣ֪ӡ
Ҷս
һߣҶĿռѾǰĹˣȫе첼õơ
ѵԤϵһķȻô
Ҷ찵뵽
Щȫ֮Ĺضһ壬ǷˣҲƲˡ
ãֵܵ۷弶ǿˡ
ȴ֪֪Լ٣µıҲûˣԾЩ󷨡
ȫļҵԵȻˡ
ңΪ˷ֹױߴ۷֣ҲѪæˣԷŻô¡
⣬ռܴҲ۰ȫˡ
ҶԶһЩܶҪֱӰ˽
ԭյĹأһӾݴ½Ҳص˵ݴ½ڵĵط
ҶʥǸпѡ
·һֻصԭ㡣
Ҷ죬󲿷ѾۺˣһЩɢҵأ⻹һЩѰС
úʥǰ˵
Ҷʱ˿һͷˡ
Ƕɣʣµ˺ͷ򣬾ͽЩͨȥѰҰɡҶ漴˵
ʥ˵ͷҲôģϾ˭֪ЩʲôʱһЩ۷ǿҪʧˣǾʧˡ
Ҷ̧ͷսķ򣬱ٿȻڼս
һΣ֪ζɹҶ찵̾
ӦһΣˣܷɹҶҲûжٰգ۷սѴЩǿߡ
Ҷֻϣѹƺһ㣬ǵʵӳޣˡ
ϧҲŸոս𾳽磬Ҫ̤ڣҪʱ䣬ʱ޷ټʵˡ
Ҷ찵̾
𾳽磬ǰôʵǲˡ
Ҷ컹ŬĹбչأʼӡǡ
ӡ֮вȭ۵ĵ뷨ЩܹôΪ϶
𾳽磬ҪٶѾôˡ
ҪԼķԼĵǿԼķ
ԼķҶ˵ңԶֻϣԼĵԼʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨
Ҷû֮ǰѾʱ֮ĺͿռ֮ģӶʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨һϣٶȺܿ죬
ȻҶʱ䲢ࡣ
˵һεΣƽȹһεΣҶ컹ҪһǧԪĹħ
ңҪ֮Ϊ֮ҪﵽԲС
һѰ·ǲܳɹġ
ԲǿߣţҲҪȥѻȥۣճΪԲġ
ϧѾҶôʱˡ
ԣҶҪһ·
辶һ֮ͨ·ҶտտӡǣѰԼĵ·
Ǻεǿߣ
޵֣ù͹ħ綼ó磬ӡ֮У󣬼ʲôС
ֻǣЩ̫ˣɬѶҶʱ޷ˡ
ҶȷõĶ
˵ҪﵽԲ磬ҪʵСǵǵȾ磬ʲô͸ޱȣҳĵ·ʲô⡣
ҶھҪɺܽȥҳʺԼ·

ʱħʡ¿Ҳ׼ûм档
棬ƽ⡣
ȻΨһƽĵطսˡ
ҶıٿɵսȻţǴô꣬ʵȴû˿Ȼǳ͡
˵ĵٴ󣬶ܺܿػָ
𼶱ǿڵ̫ˣҪľѡ
ʱ棬Ҳֻʣ˻ͽţֻҶܹܾˣĻǻ治֪úȥδӡ
Ǻʱ򡢶ħ˾Ȼʧˣ棬ʣˡ


һǧһʮ ƭ
ʱҴң
һԪһԪʱת۹ȥˣ֮ʧ˼ž
һЩӴǿߣѾʼ߳ᵱڵĵط
ǽ֣ǿʧˡ
ǸȻսսҶ⣬ǿߣȫˡ
棬һӱÿյģֻʣǿߡ
ĸ߲𶯲ѡ
û߲Ůĸ߲㣬ֻʣ·桢ƽ桢ˡ
УʵǿЩ־̫սңټ̫Ĵ̼ڰԪǰͻƵ˰벽𾳽硣
ʵͷ滹ʥǱʥ۷е۷壬벽𾳽Ҳֻһ߻Եѡ
ʥҶİ£һЩˮ˰벽𾳽磬澭һһεĴڿԼͻƵ硣
ͻƣصڿһ˿ϣ
ֻҶǿ벽ҲֻǿһȺվȻ϶ѡ
ⲻԼûжٸˣͻ֮Ե÷ǳƽڵȵǴϢ֮
˼Ƭ̣ͻƽ˵ЩͬѰ֮ǰỹúõģôͻȻ֮ʧˣҶ첻ڣǻ˵Ƿʲô飬Ҷڻս᲻ܳ²Ŷԡ
ĪҶ쵣߲Ů֣ƽ²
ҡҡͷЦܣ߲ˣֻҪҶһûҶƵģҹŮڻ֪ʲôط
ˣҶҲ߲ŮṷǽҲΪˣҵطˡµ˴ϢǽһЩʯǷ򶼸ˣ˵лĳ룬ǴҴ֮䳷ġ濪˵
Ϊ߲Ůвǳ룬ǻãǵ顣ǣǾˡƽЩ֮ɫ
üҲǵ⣬ң߲ŮڶûϵǣЩͬѰ
ǲҲ׼׼ˣƽ浣ĵ
˵ͷ˵ɣѡһЩӢǰ߻ģȻʲô飬廹ܱ
˶˽ĵģҲ⡣
ֻҪԼȺԱˣǾͲˡ

ǼԪȥˡ
һ죬ԶĹбչصҶĿռ壬ͻȻ۾һصʣͷųܵķںͬսĲһ
ͬʱʥǣҲоԼķ
һسҶչصĵطȥһɺ嫵Ϣϯж̲ס
ô£
ʥ𾪵һ˿ʱ䷨ڲǴûйİҲû
Ҳǣ
Ҳһ˿ռ䷨򣬵ڶɢˣ·ʲô߼ķһ
ҲǡѵҶѾϵ˷𣿡ԱߵҲ𾪵
ǼҶĿռĹأŷʥħǱߡ
ҶչصЩ꣬Ƕƽġ
ҶһأĹصķ򶼿ʼˣЩͬ˾һ㣬ȫҶչصĵط˿
һʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ҲһȫҶɢϢɢˡ
ҶΧƬ򣬳׳Ϊ˷Ľء
ʥǼٺˣŸоһ㡣
Ҫ֪Щ꣬ǳΪ벽ѾʼڲһˣȻǽϣСҲûз
ֻǸղһӣǺòһһɢˣֱˡ
ܣ
ҡҡͷһô£ûܹ˷ģЩУûһ
ʥ˵ͷ˵˵Ĳ˵֮У֮⣬˭Ҳ˷Ϊ˷ΨһģҪ˷򣬾ֻɱ֮ңһ˷ô͵һλ֮ˡ
ǳ˷֮⣬ĸܹʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򶼳ɻ
ʥҲɻ
ΪǵĻǿĵҲе򳼷ģɢЩ򣬲ЩƼ˾һ㳼
Ϊͷǲͬ͵ģӲɢ򣬵ȴ÷򳼷
෨򳼷ģֻиǿķ
ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ֵʱ򣬾ͻЩļ򳼷
ξȻʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򶼳ˣʥˡ
ֻܵҶǽˡĿ˸˲Զġ
ʥؿ˹ȥ
ʱҶѾɳ˱չ֮أվ֮УȻʲô
ΣҶǳһĨ΢Цһ˿˷ܡ
ˣ
Ҷ˷ܵѹ֮ҪֹЩͬʱʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨µɽɣĸͬʱַͻϳֲԭһжΪ
ԭΪʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨Բ̶ȣͻ˷򣬳Ϊ֮ڿⶼ֮ɢҥԡ
ΪΨһģһֻݵһ˷򣬳֮ԼնϺϵɱ֮ǲ˷ġ
屻Բô꣬ҲΪ֮ƭˣΪֹڴ·ϣͳΪ֮ˡ

ҶԽ˵Խ˷ܣ˫ȭǹصķɵùЦ֮ЩΪһϢǾ߷򲢲ֹ˷һ߷򡣡
ݴ½Ƿ˵ʱҶ͵õϢ֮еķ򣬷Ϊ߷һ򡢶ļ
߷ֻһ֣˷ˣһˣϡ
һֻǱʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨
ڣʮԪĲҶӡǲһܡ
Ǳ߷򲢲ֻ˷һ˷
֮ôڼܣΪ߷ô辶Ϊ֮ˡ
ʱ֮ͱˣҲ޷ˡ
ԣΪֹ浮֮֮һ߻ɱһЩǱڸҷǿһ߹ɢҥԣƳ˷Ψһ߷ġʵ
ò˵ĳɹˡ
ǰľ콾ǿǣ;ߵ֮ƭ֮УҲΪ˷Ψһһ߷
ǣ֮ջǰܸӡǣӡǣ綼Ҫı֮һȻ֮ġ
Ҷ˺֮ɵƭ֣һ˷ƽƽ߷
Ǿʱշ


һǧٶʮ ʱշ
ʱΪ𣬿ռΪ
ȴ˷޷֮⣬֮Уʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨һ򣬱ڶϵǿ
;ΪֻҪͬʱһ˴Բ磬ô֮Ҳ⡣
ǣȴûҪַںϡ
ȻҲܹǣΪÿһַΪһһ壬ųһ޷ķںϡ
˵ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ǿһˣЩһļ򣬶޷ںһ
ҶҲҵõӡǣŴҵһ·ʹʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ں
ȻҲҶʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨Щʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ǿһЩô뽫ǿһںϡ
ҿҵõӡǣĻ֮ɢҥԣҽʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨һ˴Բ磬Ǹʱ򣬾֪ںϵķҲٽںˡ
ò˵֮ˣʵ̫ˡ
ҶЩµ˵
֮һֹͬʱһһɢҥ˵ͬʱһ˴Բ磬ܳΪ֮
һٵġʵ
Ǿ;ΪֻҪΥ֮ͬʱһ˴Բ磬ܹΪ֮
ΪǿⲻʵĻֺ֮αֹǣ
ңһǿҲǷǳġܹһ򶼸˴Բ磬ôʵ֮ǿ֪
Щ֮ɢҥԳΪһʵ
ɵĽѾʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨˴Բ磬Ȼ޷Ϊ֮
ңһǳǿ󣬱ҪںϾһѵ⡣
һ˴Բ磬ǲٽںϵġ
ͺñһôСʱԽ䣬ͻ˳䳤󣬵Ҳġ
ǣһѾ˵Ĵٽ䣬Ǻ׶ˡ
֮ǳգ˻߷ڵʵɢҥԡ
ԣЩڰ͵͵һʱȴ֪Ѿ֮ƭ֮С
ľ콾һͷڶûҵԭ
ҶǵõӡǣҲֻܲĺ󳾡
ֻǣ֮ҲûԤϵҶᴳڰħھŲ㣬õӡǡ
ϧˣѾʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨˼ޣһ̫ǿˣҸںϵķҲ޷ںˡ
Ҷ̾Ϣ
ӡǵвʱշĴڣʱշҪں֮ǰҪںϣϾǿһȵʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򶼳ɳǿˣ뽫ںϣͲˡ
ҶŸոճΪ𣬾ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨츳ҲֻǸո̤ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨Ĵţںǳɡ
ҪǵȵҶΪڣôںͼѶˣҪ̫̫ʱˡ
ȵҶڣôҶԾ·ˣΪǸʱѾٽһںˡ
˵Ҷ˵ġ
ҿʱշжôǿ󣿡Ҷ漴˷ܣĿ֮Уһ˿ڴ
ƾʧˣս
̫ˣʱմŲ𣿡ҶȻǳսķҲû뵽ԼһӾսԭΪҪŲƼء
ٶȣЩš
ʱռĽϣȻǿ
ҶıһǳԼղŻԶĹأŶãȻ͹ˡ
ͬһ꣬Ҷ֪ܿʱշĴڡ
һȭ
ҶĿռһȭٿ
һΣҲٿɣȴٿɸˣ˲ٿɡ
ֻһΣҶʱշԼΨҶΪһ壬ԼҲһȭ
ߣһ߷ûǼµ񵶣ֻһֻϡٿɿҶķʱм֮ɫ
ҶôãȻ֪ҶķȻҶûϣ֮µ˿塣
𣿡
ҶĿռһЦ
һ̣ΧʱͿռ䶼ˣҶһȭǿµʱͿռٿɵ˺ѿ
ʲôٿɫһ䣬ܵһ嶼޷ֵԴ
̫ϤˣΪҶϣ֮оֿ̺µԲʹҶʵǿô࣬ڵǿ߾ͼɵѡ
ڣû뵽ҶȻֶܷӳ
ôܣʵȻǿôࣿٿӴ屻Ҷһȭɳȥؿڶһò׽޸ȴ˺ܴԴ
ʵϣҶĿռ岢ûǿ٣ֻøӸ߼ˣ߼һΡ
ʹƻҲһΣ˵ڵٿɡ
ٿɣҲһԶҶıϣ֮ɱͬǣҲʱշУʹϣ֮ǰδеĳ⡣
ϣ֮֮ʹõģʱշ߶ǿˡ
𣡡
ٿŭܵ˾޴вҶĿռסʹ޷ߡ
գٿɱһ˺ѿǿ壬ķ˺ܶԴŽ޸
ֻôһٿɵϢҲʼ
ãҶٿϢļʱ˷ܵĴһ
ô̶ʱ佻˼ΣٿɵģȴǱ֮ǰŬʮԪĻۻҪࡣ
Ϊʱշ֮󣬲ֹҶ챾ʵǿ˺ܶ࣬ҶĿռ嶼ٿһսˡ
ҶֹСٿɵϢϵؼԤϣˡ
𣡡ٿɲǰ׳գҲ֪ԼΣˣƾӲҶһǿ뿪ս߻ȥ
Ȼո뿪սһֻ޴ȭͷЯ
ҶĿռ
ͬʱҶıҲֳϣ֮һɱٿɡ
ٶôô죿ٿ־ŭæֵǱشˡ
ǿգһƬ
һΣٿ˵øˣϵϢһӵܶࡣ
ǺǣҶЦûٿɵķŭ壬Χɱ
ٿɳ˺üΣܲûþͱ׷ˣֱ˼顣
Ҫ֪ǿҪܵĻٶڵǿ޷ס
֪ҶѾ߷򡪡ʱշ
ٶȷ棬ʱռΪһʱշ򣬱˷Ҫ졣
˵ҶڵٶȣܺЩ۷ˣǿһЩ
ֻԲǿߣٶѹҶһ⻹ҶŸոʱշԵʡ
ҶʵǿһЩû˱ٶȸˡ


һǧٶʮһ 
ǻ޴̤ƽġ
һҽУٿڱҶնɱˣҵϣ֮壬һԴݻˡ
УҶ찵˿ɱˡ
пռİæƾһˣʵǿˣʱշҲɱٿɡ
ңˣҶҲԪźľٿɵԴ
ټ֮ǰķѵʮԪҶһ£ɱһķ˶ʮԪ
⿴ǳ𺳣ʮԪǸǶôʱ䣿
һս˶ʮԪֱ
Ȼ磬ˡ
Ļߴλ۷Ҳôˡ
𾳽磬˴˶ɱ˴ˣӵгԽԷ̫ʵС
ˣ
ˣ
ҶȻɱǸˣ

ڻȥһ̣ǿ߶֪ˣϾ䣬˺ƴƥطѪ֮꣬ϯ
ЩǿߣŴкжĽŵſڵϣһٴУѡ
ôǿĻ𶼱Ҷˣ棬˭ܹ赲ҶưԵĽŲ
ûˣ
߲ŮѾˡ
ڣѾҪҶ֣ƾЩǿߣܺɨˡ
΢΢ɨһҶ첢ûǣǷΪ·ȥۣռȥĹء
ȻѾˣҶȻ׼˳ϾΣں档
ֻҶʵڼΣҲһЩա
ʥʦ׼⣬ʵǣҲã͵Ϯشǡ
Ҷ֮󣬶ʥŷʥ˵
ǿռڵսսǣƶӽ۷ˡ
٣ֻҪ۷ǿߣҶڶаһս
ʥԣ۲˵Ļħ۳ˣҲֻܷӳڵսңҪóˣڶûг˵Ѿ֪ڵսûûаնԸ㣬Բʱ
Ҫǣ
ŷʥҲӹ˵ۺħܹӳ۷սôͳͳһˣǵʵڣȥ͵Ϯɹʺܴ󡣡
ҲҪ⣬һ򣬾һʵڲУϻı£Ӧû⡣ʥѵ
ϼһķҶҲ˺ܶ࣬¸ǣǰ޵׾ĺ֮ء
ȻҶعŸԼϢ
Ѿʱշ򣬶ʱշϢ棬ǾġϿҶعŸʵϣѾ֪ĸռ䣬һʱڸסԼĺۼֱӰ١
Ҷã۷弶ǿˣδؿԷԼ
ңعű͸һϢعһ˵ħǣǲܷġ
ȵħһҶͻϷʱ򼴱ħʷҲ޼¡
ħʺʵ̫ǿ͵ϮǣҲ˵ǣҪɱǲܵģ˶õ
Ҷг˼š
͵ϮʱҪħʵΪ
Ҫ֪߲Ů𣬻е¿ˣ塣
ʱۺħʶܹʣµһ壬϶ǵһռݡ
Ҷûɱħʺۣɱǵȴû⡣
ʱҶıͿռ壬һ˶Ըۣһ˶ԸħˣѹҲܶࡣ
뵽Ҷһߵȴᣬһ߿ʼָս
Ҫ֪ʮԪͣսɱٿɣԼҲ˺ܶÿָ
ңҶ컹ҪӡǣϾ֪ħʲôʱħʱ䲻ˣȻ˷κεһʱ䡣
ҶѾʱշѾҪȥֱʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ˣֱʱշˣΪٶȱ֮ǰˡ
ټٿɲһԴҲҶˣʹҶΪ࣬ҲԶˡ
ϾٿһλڵǿߣʣµһԴҶ˵ȴǷǳӴġ
ЩԴҶ챾ûɵģΪٿɵΪǿ󣬶λ֮еĲȱ֮гޱߵɱ¾һԽĥ
ҶõʱշǺ˷һ߷Ȼ࣬ǵȼȴܸߣٿɵԴ
ַҶΪĸˡ
ϲӡǻǱǲʱշҲܰΪôˡ
Ҷ찵˷ܡ
֮·ݴ½ʱʱ꣬Ҳǿɵ˵ɾԼ
ǳɵķԼ
ֻһЩ׶ˣϾЩԼҪȫĻҪٵʱ䡣
ǣҶڸܲô࣬ħڼҪ뾡һа취ԼΪ

ʱţתơ
硣
¿ţѾΪ۷壬ͿҪھˡ
ͬʱ߲Ůߵļһ˿Ҳسˣа꣬ȹԼΪ˷ܲѡ
ңΪҪǱߴ۷ħʻص͸һЩа꣬ꡣ
һ߲Ů˶ʧȥҲûԹˡ
ǳȥ֮໨һٸԪܰ
Ϊʱ˵ֵһᡣ
ħʣ׼ʲôʱȥŮЩȲʵΪʵǿ͸ҪҶ챨ѩˡ
ħҡҡͷҶʵѾﵽڣҳȥˣҲκβȵ¿ͻƵʱټ֮лɱҶ졣
ҵҹζ࣡
һԵ߲üͷ˵ħʣҶӦˣÿһʱ䣬ΪһأµǳȥʱΪˡ
ⲻܣ
ħЦҳҶ츳ǵ𾳽磬Ҫһ㣬ǵҪǧԪĻ۲Уⲻ츳ͿֲġԼѵܲ𣿡
ûǲ֪ΪʲôһֲõԤУϾҶһ·ߵڣڴ漣߲Ц
һԵŮҲ˵ͷ
ǿҶһ·ɳģÿһʱ䣬Ҷʵ㱩ֳ࣬ɳٶʵ̫ˡ
䣡
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һǧٶʮ 
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ʱڣħʷǳңһ·ϱҶѪΪ˱ϣ֮ݻ٣òķԴȥס
ȻΪԲħʵԴǳӴ󣬵ҲܲסİÿһԴʵӰܴ
ħӳۣʱƲأû۲ѹƣҲҶĶˡ
ʱһλħҲˣǼɲҶĶ֣Ҷϣ֮ƵǱѡ
ߣˡ¿ȵ
ħˣҶĶ֣ȥĽҲֻܾˣǻҡ
¿ȻҪɱҶ죬ɲԼϾɱҶ죬ԺлᣬûҪķôۡ
ħʵҶҲûжĳޣϾѾˣòһľʣȻ
ֻǣһԲ켶µ棬ҶСǰܣʵڶ
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£ħʵҶҶ죬ˣһָȫʢʱڵΪһ㡣
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ȻӴ󣬵ЩǿǰҲһ԰ѣûطܡ
ѵҪ»𣿡ħЩĵѯʵ¿˵缴ҪˣȥҲ·һ
Ϊ֮ƣֻǰȥħˣһȥħ磬Ҫͺˡ¿˵
ǺϾûҶıȣҲҪȥħģȻħΣգǻͬܶ࣬Ҳֻָܻǰ۷Ϊ


һǧٶʮ 
ħ磿
ħæͷãȥħɣȥѰһָΪĶ˵ҶСӳҲҪħģʱҲ١
£ħڵ¿ָ£ħڷٶȥ
ħڣڵ¿Ѿ֪˶õϼһ˵Ȼʲôܡ
ʵϣҶ춼ʥ֪ħڡ
ڰ˴ڲǿһǿ֮У̣ûһֻһЩɢҵʯһŲʹӡ
ŲʹӿǳѤʣһʴǿ֮Уɢһâ档
ֻҪŲʹӣܽħ硣
Ϊһȥ󣬳ӵԲʵٳ
ҶĴʦܹҲΪİ
ûеѡ񣬵¿ԲҪôͽħ磬ħʣЩҪħ磬ΪָʵĶ
ħ𣿡
ħʴ˿Ѿ˾ŲʹǰȤشȻ͸Ųʹγɵġ
ʦ͹֮ͬھǸҲײһһ֣ʣһ֣γһ棬ؿռ䡣¿п
֮͹ħ֮ͬھǴ˺ܶ漣
˵ǰħ磬ħ磬ҲǷǳټġ
ħ磬ǳأһһԲôħԲһСԲ򣬾ͷϳһƵġ
Ȼ沢Բεģûκε״ʱڸı䡣
ħʣӵħ𣿡
ڴʱһȴӺ󷽴
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ƿʱշҶ죬ٶ̫ˣħʸѲҶ졣
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ҶɫĮֳϣ֮ƥŰǿա
ͬʱһεͷſԶħʽˡ
ߣħһֱһȭ俪˾ͳžŲʹӷȥ
Ҷ죬б¾ͽħЦһ漴һƬŲʹâû˵Ϣʧˡ
Ҷ첢ģϣֱ֮ھŲʹһ߻ָĵһ߼ӡǡ
ֱһԪȥˣȷħǽħ磬Ҷ뿪˵أϢʥǣǴۺĹг
˴ٴλָ֡
Ҷ۵ġʧ١Щ棬ҲЩ衣
ϾǲħʵĴԲûŪټ֮ǰҶ쵱ȻҴ⡣
ԣҶϣ֮޵׾ĸȥ
޵׾Ѿħʣе¿սݻˣνĺ֮أҲֻһƬǽǿա
ռ籩ǳңûΪѴ
Ȼô벽ǿԽġ
Ҷȴɵؽˣҵعţⶫǳ棬ûܵһ˺
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˵߲屻ħգŮ屻λħգ¿ԼԼ塣
һѾûжˣҲܳŶԡ
Ҷ컹ЩģΪ۵ʵħʲûħµһŮ壬ȴòȻܣ
ңҶ쵣ǵ¿ħµĺ֣͵ǰħʱٳһͳ档
ΪˣҶҧҧٴξһ̽
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Ҷ찵뵽
ν磬ֻҪڳˣҪ磬ϾڵֻҪһ磬֪һϢ
գҶСشعţȥ
ֻҶʱ򣬳׾±ˡ
ΪһƬĩյľԭ޴ޱȵĹ½Ѿµʱշ籩ݻˣħ½Ҳݻһ롣
Уа˻ţһе˿־壬е˾
磬һɻϢ
ңҶ췢Ƭ磬Ща֮⣬ҲûϢˡ
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ǵ׸ʲô
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ҶĿɿڴؿһĻ𺳡
ȻȲһô󣬵ҲСħĴԲҲ޷ݻ٣ôӡ
ңﾹȻû۵ټ
ѵ۸ħһˣ
ԣڣʱֻҪƿŮ壬ôħ֣Ҷֻܶˡ
ʼգҶ춼ûм۳֡
𣡡
ͻȻһǿа곯Ҷɱ
аϢǳǿһڵа꣬Ҷ֮ͣϾ͹ˡ
Ҷȣֻһ£ͽ𼶱а˺ѿˡ
һļ֮УûмءҶƷ𼶱аϽԼӴУ׷Ѱ𼶱аļ䡣
ǿޱȣ㲻עе飬Ҳ᲻ԾؼЩа꣬ûǣȴǿޱȣӦ֪ܶ顣
Ҷ֮£ħץ𼶱аһĻ¿꺣ħʾȻ¸
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Ҷ𼶱аļ䣬Ϳ꺣һĻħʺ͵¿һ뿪꺣
Ȼ类ݻ٣ΪħʵԵʡ
Ҷ꺣ݻ٣Ща궼ܳȥŰֵǣ𼶱аļȻû۵ĴڣܶһûˣֻһϤĴ¡
ҶüͷۿȻͷ߲ŮץһĻһǳãڵ¿İ£ħʲûɱǣһһ𼶱а꣬˫˫ȹԼΪ
ţǵ¿ڣħ뿪һĻˡ
ʼգû۵ټ
ҶջԼüͷ壬˳˼֣أ
ۣôǿһԲ𣬾ȻôĪʧˡ
Ҷ룬۵ʧͺΪʲôйء
ѾûҪˣֻҪȷ۲ˣôͲΣˡ
Ҷ첢û뿪磬ֱӷɳ̫ǣЩаӭȥ
ֱЩа꣬һûзŹȻӡȥԼ
ôӡĿѸΪİ취
ֻÿһ磬ƿġ
Ҷ콫ԼΪ۷壬޷ٽһˣͻƿڣܼ
Ҳ㹻ˣ취Ҷӿٶȡ


һǧٶʮ 
ˬħ뿪ˣʣôа꣬ȴǱˡ
ҶзţֱԼΪ۷徳磬ͣˡ
ûзŹЩʣа꣬ǽȫץԺͻƵڣɡ
а꣬ҶͲõԼΪˡ
ֱеаȫץ֮ҶŻص̫ǣĻ
һľ
˭ܹɵһĻ
Ҷһһ߿Ļ˺ܶ
ֻ֮أʱռһ
һһȥ
Ҷ췢ԼʱշȻɳ˲٣ϲѣϾʱշغԺΪ֮Ĺؼ
ʮԪת۹ȥڼ䣬ҶĿռѾ޸ƣҲһۿĻ
ʥŷʥҲۿˡ
Ͼƴĳ棬лۿҶ춼ܶ࣬Щ벽ܹЩҲ𾳽Ͳˡ
ҶĶҶʥСһݴ½Ŷˡ
Ƕ̫ϣۿһ
ÿ˶Щ򣬵Ǿ٣ҶͲ֪ˣֻܿǸԵ컯
Ҷ뿪֮ǰ͸һ
ڣӵ̫ǣҶֻ뿪ˡ
뿪ú̫ǾͱˣعҲʧˣֻʣһ˲ʹȭͷôСƯǿ֮С
ʱѾȥԼεֻҶһȴĻ
Ҷ쿴˲ʹʱɵһ㶡
ʲôҶЩɻ󣬵ȴ֪˲ʹ򲻷Ͻ
Ҷϸۿ˲ʹҪо
ҶҲֻ̺ܲһǿĵȼҪһ𣬽ʱշ
۲Ӧ֪ⶫʲôҶ漴뵽۲飬ۡ
Ȼ۲鿴Ҷеİ˲ʹʱʱ𾪵һӣֻһ𣬲Żᵮⶫҵģ
ȱҶ˰֣˵ⶫʲôôܹΪ𣿡
ܣȻܣ
۲пҪһͨⶫһԪܳΪ𡣵Ȼⶫȴ߲Ůαǿˣûʲô𣬶һûиá
ôɫãҶ𾪵
ϻɫʲôҲܸᲢۣ۲ЦǿԽģ̶ȣЩ֮Ҫ
ҸôʹҶʵЩ
ħʱԽԽˣǳԼΪΪ֮
Լ磬ͻΪˣȻΪ
۲˵ԼԲ磬ִܵӣܽԼΪ档ҲǿģԲĴӣɱȲӣҲĴָôɡ
ʲô
ҶԶʱ
Ϊ˴棬ұȴԲĴ滹ôԴǿˣҲˡ
һǿҪȽʵҪȽԴ
ȻһԣʵΣҲıԴйء
ʵԽǿԴԽǿ
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ңԴǿˣҲǿ
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ԣֻҪԴǿôͲܵôصˣսʱҲͺ޹˼ˡ
úŬɣԽԽΪ֮ˡ۲Ц˵ҶǷԳΪ֮ûʲôϣ
ϾֻҶһǧԪʱ䣬ôܳΪ֮
ڣŹȥ̶һٸԪҶʵѾôǿˡ
񣬸ǵõӣôҶʵͻᱩ࣬Ϊ֮ϣҲʹܶˡ
Ǻǣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴ͻȥˡ
Ŀռӡǡ
ڴڼ䣬ϴιۿݴ½ţͻơ
еĽ߾磬еĽ˵۾硣
СǴﵽʥ磬ʵ֮ǿЩϱʥܱȼˡ
ҶʥҲﵽ˵۾۷壬԰ͬš
ʥŷʥǻãǵڶûгأɼջܴ󣬾㲻һӳΪ𣬵Ҳ˳ΪĵӣΪĻкܴ
ʱҴң
һαչӣҶ㻨ʮŸԪӣĻҪ
ҿҶʱշ򣬷Ҫӣ¾͵ûϰٸԪˡ
ôʱ䣬ҶҲûջ
ȣΪͻƿڡ
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棬ҲֻһԲ𣬻ѡ
ħǸԲ𣬵Ϊûлֵָһᡣ
ȥħˡҶ鿴һԼ״̬֮жʱ͵رҵĹâ
ʵ棬Ѿûлټˡ
ҪΪֻǰħ硣
ңΪһ֮һΪߵĴʼ֮һҶӦҪȥħ磬һˡ
ڴ֮ǰҶȻصݴ½Լǵ
Ҷ죬ȥħɣأġʥЦ˵
ǰͽģҶڣµģҶʥСҲɳˡŷʥҲ˵
ʥŷʥ֪ħĴڣҲҶҪȥħģûʲô⡣
ҶԿԶһݴ½ţСҶʥǣ϶ʱ¶ο֮ɫ
ʱ꣬Щݴ½ŶѾɳˣʵ͵Ķߣһ۷ߡ
е۾кܶ࣬ǿСǳΪʥ
ڣݴ½Ȼ¡
ңʥŷʥ벽ڣ͸Ӳˡ
ҪǣҶȻ뿪ˣ˭֪ʲôʱ
ԣͶǶĵġ
գҶһһȻͺԼĿռ壬һŲʹӣħ硣
Դˣ˴ٴλָûʱ


һǧٶʮ Ų֮
ŲʹӣǳأԹû֪γɵġ
Ҷ̤Ųʹ֮кֻоΧǾŲ֮⣬ƺһǳأ޷׽߸ϣͬۡ
ҶϸЩŲ֮⣬΢΢˼š
߲֮⡣
Ҷۺħʵп˰˲֮⣬ǴԲ
ôŲ֮⣬ǲǴ֮Σ
뵽Ҷ˫֮жʱӿһĨȵĹâ鲻ԽץеһŲ֮⣬Ҫ
ȻҶٶȴŲʹӶһŲ֮Ҳտʼôƽˡ
䣡
ʮŲ֮ݺݵغҶϡ
ҶոߵԼԱȼ۷սҲûжٵǡ
ȻһͰ䶯Ѫ嶼ѷ졣
Ŀռңؿֱӱһ󶴣òķѾ޴Դܽ޸
Ҷе־ˡ
ЩŲ֮Ҳֲ̫˰ɣ
Ҫ֪Ҷڵս۷ˣ棬ҲֻдԲܶев
ҶţԴԲԼ򲻹Ҳ԰ɡ
Բ𲻿һشҶ졣
ЩŲ֮ȴˣɼ̶ȡ
֮εҶ찵̾µͬʱеĿԽŨˡ
ЩŲ֮Ȼ֮εŪһŲ֮⣬ǲǾͿֱӲ֮εˣ
ջν
ڹħʱҶҪΪ֮ŹκһΪʵķ
ǰЩŲ֮⣬Ҷ쿴һЩϣºΣգҲҪһԡ
ҶǿʵҲոߵʲô£뵽¾ͼнһŲ֮⡣
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ңһǿĿռ֮ƺҪҶ˦ȥ
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Ҷʱ뿪ŲʹӣһҪнһŲ֮⡣
ǣҶͷųԼʱշɵصסɴʱշȥнһŲ֮⡣
˵ʱշȻľнסһŲ֮⡣
ȻûҶ˶ãΧľŲʹӱ㳹׷ˣŲ֮⳯ҶϯƺҪҶû
Ҷһʱŵɫ԰ףղʮŲ֮ⶼٵ壬ڳľŲ֮⣬гǧǿɱ
£ҶæǵŲ֮⣬㲻ٵֵǹɴ֮Ҫ뿪
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Ҷı壬ڱЩŲ֮ʱҲһһѪҺ
ۣ
ҶѪɫȲ԰ףڱǵ֮ˡ
ħĳƬǿУкȻһ޴ѷ죬һǱӰŷ׷ɵĽɫѪҺкݺݵ
Ҷ졣
Ҷ˿ʧȥе˵嶼ѾƲˣɢĽɫѪҺΧʮ򶼸ݻˣƬڷڣһƬռ䶼ˡ
ֲ˹
ãһƬǿշǳĻûκϢ˵¾һˡ
ħ𣿡
ҶĿռӱгȻץס˻Եı𣬳ŲԶ̤ȥһ̤˲ʧ֮С
һŻϣҶͣʼ鿴ơ
һҶɫʱ䣬Ϊı˵̫ˣȵ¿ԱشĿռ˵ĻҪء
Ҷ챾屻ݻһ룬µǣϰٵŲ֮Ȼ棬ϵƻ塣
һҶԴôǿҲܽ޸
ˣмʮŲ֮ڳҶ꣬ҶҲ˲ء
ʱҶ켸ųɾŵѹһٶŲ֮⣬ҪɢȥǷǳѡ
ԣ濴ŻҶ˹ȥ
ʵһֱڵֵЩŲ֮⡣
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ҶĿռ彡׳ºԥϱ𣬿ʼɢЩŲ֮⡣
ʱҶҲˣЩŲ֮һһ˵ǾȻһص󷨣Ҷںзƻš
ҶĿռһ֣λ۷Ȼ޷ɢЩŲ֮⡣
϶ʱշ򣬲ǿѹסЩŲ֮⡣
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Ҷ챾ʵ˿̾ųɾŶѹһ˵Ų֮ˣʣһֻܴﵽ벽𼶱
ٶĻ޷ѹһ˵Ų֮ˡ
ǱˣһըˡҶ첻ЦԼǴֿԣΪ˵õһŲ֮⣬ȴһ˵Ų֮⡣
뵽ǱԼнһŲ֮⣬Ҷ첻ɵóۿƴŵõıϣԼá
ৣ
Ų֮ʵʻձҶóͱһɿµâµ򶼸ˣǿµķâǽΧա
Ҷ۾һһŲ֮Ȼôֲ⻹ͷųģҪԿһŲ֮⣬սǿࡣ
Ҫ֪֮εԴԲкܴв
һҶ;Լ˶Կ֮ıǮˡ
λøҪһŲ֮⣬Ҫһʱ䡣Ҷ첻ɵЦˣȻˣһըǵõһŲ֮⣬Ҳһ޴ջ
£ҶԼĿռŲ֮⣬ȥˡ
Ҷıһ򣬿ʼħ
ȻҶıˣһλڵ𶼴򲻹Ŀռȴû£İȫõǡ
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ԣҶ׼ħ䣬ȿħ˵
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ֱʮҶڷһλһһͷһŷһУ˶Ĥݡ
ͷȻִѹͲʹ֮УЩǽŮǵź
Ҷƾճͷǰʱͷʱһһ۾ͷԼҶΪټҶͻȻͷͲµҶ϶ǱҪǿ飬Ҳ˲ܾʧһŮǣæҶ칧ǰ٣ʧԶӭ


һǧٶʮ ϳ
ǰͷΪǿﵽλ񾳽磬ֱĲһҶ첻ɵüͷħȻҲô飬ѵ
֪ħǹ֮͹ħ֮ײӶγɵһ磬ȻҲλ֮ڲ顣
Щƺûʲôֱ𣬲ǹ壬Ҳǹħˣ֡
ûм룬Ҷ춢ǰλͷһǿʱѹ˹ȥŵͷæڵϣ֮ɫ
ΧЩŮǣѾˣҲ벻ǵȻһ¹ֱ漣
߸ϵ飬Ȼعһ˵ǰҲ̫˼ˡ
Щ˵ŮҶһջѹǰλͷѹ⸽ǿյͼУ֪⸽һϢ
һλҶǿֱļ䡣
ֻǳΣգһСľͻ˵λͷҶԩ޳𣬵Ȼô
ϾλͷҲûʲôŭԹ飬ҶҲԵ޹ʵ
ǰҪĵͼϢ
ҶĻλͷǳϵóһͼóһˮһЩϢȻһҶ졣
һ㻨жˣΪܹܵҶԼԶԶǿĶ࣬ʶ֮УûмôǿĴڡ
ϵǿߣλͷ뵽ӲˣĴǰһֻϣӻ־
ʱҶǿˮ̽鿴еϢ
ϢϸȻǰλͷǳʶ࣬ûиҶ죬ͨЩϢҶ֪ԼħԵϳкܳһξ롣
ħ磬շλ类ΪĴ
Ĵ֮Уÿһһ޴ޱȵĳǳأֱǶǡϳǡǡǡ
ǳأԭ߽ģߴλ۷ռһǳءǡ
ԣħľƣһնλ۷һձ
ϿһռݺܴƵģʵϣһһֱơ
Ϊ˵һ첻λ۷𣬾һû취֮Ȼʧܵġ
ǣλ۷֮İǸħ磬֮ܰһӳϣʹǸŽӽԲʵ
ǿʵһԲǿڣҲֻǿס޷ơ
Ļ̫
Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴鿴һµͼֱ뿪򣬳ϳŲƶȥ
ţǰǰλͷҶ뿪жʱһϲ漴ֽ˼䣬ҶˣŰ˿
عͷʱȴֱƯһŵҩɢŵĹΣȻ
ҶģЩϢ
лǰλͷһ㶣漴ϲҶ뿪ķǹһ
ǳҶǿ͵ĵҩ϶ͬ졣

ʱǿУһϳǼȥ
Ҷ֮Уһ߿۷Уһ߲ӡǡ
һζصŲƣҶеЩͷóˣ޵ٶҲܿ죬Ҳȥϳǡ
ڶ˵ҪĻǻָʵڵһ˵Ų֮⡣
ЩŲ֮ⲻôģҶֻܲӡǣѰ취
ӡǼ¼۵ĵ뷨Ҷжʱշһа취һ˵Ų֮в
ҶһǿҰģҪһ˵Ų֮⣬ԼʵǿһЩ
ͬʱҶҲڲԼнõһŲ֮⣬ν֪֪˷ܰս
ϧ֮εϣô׾ܲ͸ġ

ϳǡ
һ죬ϳǵ鶼Σķ
ú󣬳Ͽճһ߳һߴΰӰɢ涼ҵĹâ
Ȼһλ
ϳǵĳ
һϢϳǳɫ˵ǺϳǣΧǿա
˶š
Ҿ齨ϳѧԺµţԲμѧԺĿˣֻҪͨˣܽϳѧԺңѧԺĵһԺѧԺֺãôһƼǽߵĺѧϰ
ϳǳ˵
һϳǵǣΧǿոǣȫˣ漴һһĺϢ
ǶЩ˵ϳǳָ㣬ôʵĿ϶ܿ졣


һǧʮ 
ϳǳĻ£ϳ˷֮УܱߵҲܲѡ
Ҫ֪ӪҲλǳǳϳǳ
ܹһǳʵ֪ڲУһġ
λϳǳһλڵĸǿߡ
齨ϳѧԺȻҲ͸ˡ
ϳǵӪŶĦȭƣȴſĽ١
ϳǣϳǳųһƬڵǣɵ΢΢һЦٴ𣺡ʽʼɫ򣬶ᱻ͵˵ĵص㣬ֻҪܹͨˣǾ˳ؽϳѧԺ
˵ͬʱϳǳ˻֣ʱһɫĹϳܳ˺Ѳ񷣬ƹᴩǿա
ңЩɫԶ򲻶ϵس֡
ֻҪκһطпܳɫ
ЩõϢǣȫӿЩɫ֮УȻһǿĿռͳȥ
ĳأһҾ޴ۣǿ֮к֮УͻȻǰһɫĹ
ۻûüӦͱһǿĿռ֡
ʱ֮УϥҶ죬͵۾Щȵظܵס۵Ŀռ
ǿĿռӦһλǿ߰ɣƺûʲô⣬֪ҪҴ͵ȥ
ҶüͷûϷųռֵɿռ
Ͼɿռֻǽͳȥûκεĵ⡣
ԴˣҶЩ棬֪λڵǿҪʲôĿռԿ۷𣬵Ҳ塣
Ҷֱ֮УƾǿĿռͳȥ

һƬ⻪˸
һ̣Ҷ۳ﻨɫ֮УΧгӣҲվɽ壬ïܵɭ֣һƬ
Ҷۣ̤֮ɫĲݵϣɫЩֽ֣̤ʵصĸоѾܾûиоˡ
ңҶЩɵǣƺһǿӳȥȻѹסˣֻܿõΧ֮ڵķΧ
Ҫ֪ҶȲ۷Ҳ۷ĳ̶ȣȻԽѹƵ̶ֳȣֱ˼顣
ѵһؾ
Ҷ찵漴̤ն𣬳ǰжȥ
Ȼѹȴûѹʵ
ҶȻˣĿռȻſ۷սû˿η壬ÿλڵǿ߽ʲôĿġ
ֻһ·ǰУҶ췢˲ĵرЩȡ
ѵλڵǿΪ͸Щĵر
Ҷ۹⣬ȻóЩĵرܲȻûУǶһЩʥǰ벽á
һ˿ɻҶεš
ףˣ
һ죬Ҷ۾һУǰԶɽ֮Уһˡ
˵ϢжϣΪոսʥһ֮УȹԼΪ
ҶףﲢֻԼһˡ
£Ҷ쳯ǰ½ʥȥϵϢҲΣȴѹʥΡ
ҶϢһй¶Ǹ֮е½ʥ㷢ˣȻ۾һ˫˵⳯ҶҶΪ֮ɫʱһ䣬漴Ҳ룬㶪̣ҶֶԼȴתȥ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣Լûбֳκεɱ⣬ԷôͻȻ֣ܵô졣
Ϊ̽ѰҶ쵱Ȼߡ
£ҶһӣһƬ嫵ѪɫӱǳǰϯȥأЩ̣ܵ½ʥȫ档
λѪӣȻȲҶЩҶλȴǷӳ˿Ƶ
ЩֱӱѪɣȻҶѪӵ
ͬʱҶҲǸ½ʥǰԷ˿̱Ѫӵѹס־ؿŷҶ졣
Ϊʲôܣ
Ҷ俴ǰʵ
æ˵ǰԸ˳ˡ
ˣʲôˣҶ۾ǰˡ
һ㶣漴ɻؿҶ죬˵ǰ֪ϳѧԺĿˣѵǰбЩɫ֮е𣿡
ʲôϳѧԺҶʵ
˼״˿漴ɫ˵ǰǰϳǳ齨ϳѧԺο˱ΪѡһѧԱֻҪЩɫͻᱻ͵μӿˡ
ҶȻ򣬸λڵǿ߲ǶԸԼֻ漴͵Ŀ˶ѡ


һǧʮһ 
߰ɣҲطˣ
Ҷ˻֣ѾõԼҪ֪ϢȻҲͲҪˡ
лǰһ÷ˣʱϲæҶһ漴һ뿪ˡ
Ҷ쿴ıӰԺлԼղŵõϢ
ϳǳͨһչأͻȻ齨ϳѧԺ˶һᣬһܽߵĺģָ㣬ֱĺϢ
ԣ˶ˣֻҪǴﵽҪģ׷׽μϳѧԺĿˡ
Ͼ޷ߵĺģֻҪϳǳָ㣬ҲĻˡ
ϳǳôҲڵǿߣħ磬ܹʤҲָ
۷ǿߣ֮Ǳλ۷⣬Ӫߣֻһ۷
ʣµĺУϳǳҲǵжһҲϳǳ֮λˡ
ԣǶǳڴϳѧԺ
˼ӦҪһЩǿ߳ܲܵһλ𣬱ϾľսҪʼˣʱһλǾͶһʤ㡣
Ҷ΢΢һЦµİš
ħʱԽԽˣҲ׼ľսˣһεʤܣû˸Ҵ⡣
ⳡ۷֮սҲֻܲȥ£Ƕϣ޷֡
ڵΪûг׻ָÿϳѧԺҪַ֪ʽߵĺģƻᱻһɣ
Ҷգ㳯һȥ
ϳѧԺĿ˺ܼ򵥣⴦ؾĵرЩΪڴڼ䣬Ǳ˴ɱҲܳṷ̂һЩߡ
⴦ؾǹ֮һӶγɵһռ䣬ʱʱǲһġ
ȥһ꣬Źȥһ꣬ĿԴıʱٵĵطҲֻд˴ˡ
Ҷǳˣط˵ʵ̫ãѾÿռڴ˵زӡǺ걦䣬Ͼʣµʱ䲻ˣֻвһǧԪʱ䣬ȴнʮԪʱ䣬Ȼܴ
ﲻҶԼռѡıչ֮أΪֻռΧʱٲȶֻռģʱȶĵط
ңռģǳŨ˼ӿΪ
ֻǣռĵɲҶλ֮
ȻЧһġ
ʱҶһ뷨ˣҲռķȥ
ϳѧԺĿˣҲռģ˵һռ֮ţֻҪ߽ȥִܵϳѧԺΪϳѧԺһԱ
ƺףҪɱɱֻҪǵռ֮žˣÿ˶лᡣ
ʵϣҪռ֮ţǷǳѵġ
Ϊռǹ֮һ򣬴ʱռ
˵ļ򵥵㣬ʱշ
Ҷ춼ʱշΪ֮Ĺ֮ȻҲգԽǿռģʱշԽŨ
ңûй֮ƿأʹʱշǳ񱩣ԽģʱշԽ񱩣˵涼Խɱˡ
ȻϳѧԺĿռ֮Ų棬ֻǸոսӽռλöѡ
Ǽˣܹռ֮ŵˣҲָ
ʥµףǱȥˡ
ʵϣˣҲΪ˵صıѣܲܽϳѧԺǾͿԼʵˡ
ҶķУѾԿռλˡ
һɽϣҶ۾ǰȥ
˿̣ߵУֳһƬһ״ʱշһƬγһ߶еĵ
ռġ
ҶѾ˷ɵڶſ񱩵ʱշ򣬳ȥ
һЩʵģһ߿֡
ҶҲ˹ȥȺС
䣡
ͻȻдһȵϢһŻһ
̧ͷȥʱһΪǵͷϿգĳһͬһȵ̫ɢųҵĹâ
ԣˣͻȻ˾
ϸȥʱһΪǷǸһˣǳΰǿϢĿ⣬ǣ˫֮УһĹϴ죬ɢŲɣϢ
һ˹Ĵ죬ʱͫһϳΰӡ
ѵǡӣ

ӣһ˲ǿߣΪȻһ벽𣬵ȴסһĹȻ˲أܹסһѾ


һǧʮ ʮ
Ȼڰ벽𾳽絲סһɱӸȷ
ȺУҶΧҲɵôһͻȻĻӼ̾һ
Ȼóǿڰ벽Уŷ۾ʥǣȫǴ˵Ķ֡
治ħ磬ڣȻôӴ󣬵ȴ˺ܶšҶ찵뵽
İ벽кܴܽ𾳽磬ʱͻΪߵһ֧߻֮ļʡ
ҲգҾڴ˿ЩţǵܹһսʤĻʹˡҶգǰȥ
ͬʱвʱسǿϢǳҫգġ
Ҷ췢вˣȻӲһЩģҲ˶٣ԶԶǿһİ벽
⣬ʥҲвҲۼ
һ˶ȥ
ʱշǳ񱩣Ťʱ֮УγɫĹ⻷
Ҷһ£һʮ⻷ڶ⣬ǵ⻷棬һռ֮ţǴ˷Ŀĵء
ʱ˶ռ֮ųȥ
ҶҲ⣬ʮʼ룬Խ棬ܵʱշѹԽ󣬲𾳽磬ټʱշԵ÷ǳɡ
ˣȴͬһɽڽʮ֮󣬾Ѿ޷ˡ
ǻӵȶİ벽Ҳʮͣ޷ٷУֻܲг档
˴˵أ˵ʵҲܹؿóˣΪԽˣԽǿ
ֻܶͣʮҲ޷ǰֻѡڴ˵
ھŻڰ˻߻š
Ҷߵ廷ʱܹﵽ˵صˣҲһǧˡ
ʱ򣬸ֻʮˡ
ڶֻӰһλӣʣµˣǵϢҲһ㲻ڻ֮¡
ǣҲֹֻڶҪһȴǷǳѡ
ʱռ֮ţһУǶؿˣȴ޷ٽһ
Ҷ̤֮ʱڵˣȵسЩ˼顣
ͬʱЩˣڿҶ̤ʱҲ¶˼֮ɫ
˭
Ȼ̤ǿǱȼ磿
ӡˡڤԨ콾£δܹǱȼ磬һģ
ѵǶ𣿡
ܣ콾Ҳ׹֮ˣȴ֪صĸ֡

ڶ벽ʥ۷׷ףԾ
ҶȴںЩ˫֣ɵҼһȥ
ףԱߵĳ˼״ɵþȳ
һԵıڤԨһƺû뵽Ҷ컹ҪһѵҶǻҪǿ

ȴһЦݣҪ̤һȡ衭
û˵꣬ҶѾһ̤һ֮Уվռ֮ǰ
һ£ΧһƬ
˺ͱڤԨͫ𾪡
ӵɴ۾ţôܣ
û뵽ҶȻĿ̤һֱ漣
Χ˶ˡ
Ƕݺµǿߣϵµʥĸźǲ֪ģ
ЩźǿߵУӺͳˣбڤԨһֱѹ֮ϣΪ콾
ǽ죬ȴһİˣ׾ٵѹϡ
ǶʼҶˣҶɢϢҶֻһʥѡ
ֱܡ
һʥܹǼˣųΪ콾Ǳ
ȻҶ죬ȴһѹ콾֮ϣˡ
˵˭
ѹ콾ǾϢ
ϳѧԺĿһЩصˡ

۷׷ס
Ҷ˿ڿռ֮ǰϥʼ֮УЩ˵ۡ
ڶӡ˺ͱڤԨˣȴǽҶıӰȻûд֮лָ
û뵽ҳݺ򣬾Ȼֻһ֮ܣԺ˭˵콾Ҿ͸˭˿ǰҶ챳ӰЦ
ڤԨһҶıӰû˵ʲôǱ۾Χʱշ
ҪٽһҲһ
Ϊ콾֮һԼ˭ǻӺͳˣҲֻǺƽѡ
ɶһҪһԵĻӣҶıӰҧ
ЩǿǣҲ񣬷׷
ǶҶ̼ˣһŬϣһ


һǧʮ 
ʱţ´Ҵҡ
ҶһһһٸԪһٸԪڣѾڵһ˵Ų֮ںһ֮ǰӶһŲ֮⣬ѾŲ֮⡣
ȱһŲ֮⣬ʣµһߵŲ֮⣬άƽ⣬˶ҶѹƣҶʵָ˰벽۷塣
ƽѾƣʣµһߵŲ֮׶ˡҶ΢΢һЦ۾
ȻʣһߵŲ֮⣬ǲһ壬ҶвСܶˡңҶѾںŲ֮⣬˾飬ںϾɶˡ
ȻһٸԪҶջԶֹˡ
ںŲ֮Ҷ췢Լ׳࣬Ҳǿ˺ܶ࣬涼
ǿȻ󣬵ǱˣҶڻһߵŲ֮⣬Ҫǽȫںϣôͻ÷ǳǿˡ
ַҾ̤ڣ۷塣Ҷ찵뵽׼ٽŲʹӣѾħ磬ҪȥȴҲʲô취ѯС
ħǽףȥѣҶ컹֪ܲٳȥء
⣬ﵹһأڴ˵һٸԪȴŹȥһԪ
Ҷȱʱ䣬˵ȴǸʡ˺ܶʱ䡣
£ҶչںϾŲ֮⡣
ͬʱûƵвҶҲʼĲӡǺʱշˡ
ʹﵽ۷壬˿ͻƵ
ڶĻ廷ЩǿǣҲŬʵ
ǵеһЩ벽˵ֵطܹظоʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ıʣӶӴǽļʡ
Ƕ콾ǣǱޣһҲŹ
ʱҴңԪ棬ҶڵľŲ֮ԽԽ࣬ľڽڣһҲȫָˡ
Ϊ˲ע⣬Ҷ콫ԼϢĺܺãЩ˸ûע⵽ͻơ
ΪһڵĳǿߣټʱշҶԼϢĿƣǷǳ
ˣʮԪʱȥˣ棬ȴѾȥһǧԪˡ
һǧԪڣҶһںһٵŲ֮⣬ڻʣ¾ŵŲ֮ûںϡ
ľȻڣǿȴ۷壬ǳ۷壬Բ
⣬ҶʱշҲǿ˺ܶ࣬ӡҲණ
ԼһǧԪջǳ⡣
ȻҶʱ򣬸ЩǿҲܶࡣ
һǧԪڣڵ콾ѾһȻûͻƽ𾳽磬ʵȴ֮ǰǿˣѾ˰벽ļˡ
ЩĻˣҲһЩ˶ȻҲвջ
㣬ҪսͻȻһϤ
ҶתͷȥȴǷֻ۾Աߵĳ˺ͱڤԨҲ۾Ҷ졣
ԭڽһ֮󣬾һֱҪսҶ졣
Ͼ콾УǱڤԨǳˣս˶ʤ಻
Ҷһ֣ѹǣһûӷǳ
ԣڻʵ󣬽һҪսҶ졣
ҶЩһֱǱޣӲмڴű˵ǱޣټԼҲҪһֱȴ
ֱһҶٴӿˣϳս
Ļǿ߶۾Ȥؿ˹
Ͼ˵Ҷݣһԡ
Ҫսң
Ҷ쿴ǰĻӣȻʧЦһ벽Ȼǰ벽ļޣǺڱȴǲʮǧ
ЦʲôҲ𣿡ӵҶ죬Щ߳ŭ
̤𾳽磬˵ɣҶҡҡͷ漴۾ҪûʣµľŵŲ֮һںˣ˼ͻ벽𼶱Сһ档
ľٶȴǱΪǿԼŭˡ
ȻˣҵҪʲô¡Ӵһ׼֡
Ȼʱзɫ䣬ʱշ籩͵ؾ
ţʮԪѹεĿҲҪˣҪô߽ռ֮żϳѧԺҪôɫصԭڵĵطһռ䡣
ϳǳ
ҶҲ˲۾üͷ΢΢𣺡ˣֻʮԪ
ΪƵȥ۷壬Բˡ
ڿҲƵġ
䣡䣡䣡һɫĹȻڸ֡
ԭΧǿǶվ


һǧʮ ս
ˣһûá
һǧԪȴֻʮԪôõĵطϧˡ
ȻһǧԪʵȴȻûʸϳѧԺ
Ҫռ̫֮ˣϳѧԺҲղˡ

ΧһƬ
漴һǿ߽ɫʧռ䡣
Ҫռ֮ţһ֮⣬ҲҪﵽС
ԣЩµˣԥؽΧɫ뿪˴˵ء
Щˣƴһ
һҪϳѧԺҽᡣ
ҾͲȼ˱Դܳһ
ҪϳѧԺ

ʮǿ߶ˣһóԼĵƣҪôȼձԴƴһ
Ҷɨһۣмпܽһ²ٹעһ̤߽˿ռ֮š
˼״Ҳν˿ռ֮š
ڿռ֮ŵһ棬һİȣȵǽϣһһĸʣ治ѡ
һӣ˫֣΢ЦؿŴӿռ֮߳Ҷˡ
ϳǳ
ֻϳǳ΢ЦӭǼϳѧԺϳѧԺĵһѧͬʱҲпһѧˡڣȴһߣȺѧ
Ҷ˵˵ͷ漴վһȥˡ
ЩʵΪʲô˵пһѧѵϳѧԺֻһ𣿡
ԺѧԺҪԺϳǳ˵һ䣬漴̾ʵҲЩҲߺ֮ЩūǵսѾʱ̣ҪôʤҪôʧܣʧܾ
Ժ˵ߴҪ׼ľս𣿡һԵıڤԨ
ɫһ䣬յľս˵ˣһ־ս߾ûк˵Ŀˣʤ
Щûдﵽ𾳽˵ǷǳΣյģϾڻһĽɫ
յľսҪʼˣߴ˲ҪǽѧԺѡǣܲս֮ǰһЩ𡣡ϳǳͷ˵
Ժߴ˲˵Ҫһ߻Żᷢյľսһ߻𣿡ɻ
Ϊ벽޵ǿߣȻ֪ӪһߣϾߴ֮֯ġ
ǰһûл⿿һߣܹʤ𣿡֮ɫ
ȴǲ֪ԼղŻҪսһء
һԵҶ΢΢һսϢѾˣ˵Ѿ׼ˡ
ˣǶˣṳ̂𾳽磬ǶյľսͰﲻʲôæ֪ٶкãʶúȡվս֮ǰ̤𾳽硣ϳǳȵ
ˡӺͱڤԨ˶ʱ˵ˡ
ʱһӰӿռ֮ϢЩ˲ˣǾ㣬һϳǳʱϲɫ
ܹռ֮ţȻȲǣҲ㲻ˣнǱһվŰɡϳǳ˵
æһԻָȥˡ
˴ӿռ֮ڳҶǾһʮˡ
ڵʮ˳֮ռ֮žʧˡ
ϳǳҶʮˣˣ˶Ѿ̭ˣʮ˴ӽ쿪ʼϳѧԺѧˡҲ֮ǰǸʲôģֻһĿģǱǳΪ𣿡
ˣҶͬػӦ
ϳǳص˵ͷ漴˵ѾϳѧԺˣһʱ䣬ǶҪѧϰȵľͷһ벻ĵطпտȥ
ȾϳѧԺӵԣɵõɴ۾
ô˵ϳѧԺҲõѧԺԺϳǳһλڵĳǿߣѧԺӦúɲŶԡ
һȣ
Ҳ̫ª˰ɡ
Ҷ춼Щ⡣
ʱҶЩɵضߵǽϵĸйâ˸ƺʲô
ϳǳע⵽¶֮ɫ漴ɫǲҪȣϾǵĿǽѧԺʲôνֻҪܹѧˡ
˵գϳǳȵһǽϣ˵СЩЩսʱ¼ģֻҪǽ̽УۿЩǵսﵽȵľͷЩսʵԽǿǺúڴ˹ۿܷһЩͻƿ
ʲôȻս񣡡
̫ˡ
ҪǿĿǵսҲ򡣡

ӵһʱϲһʼ̽ۿЩ
ϳǳ״΢΢һЦ˾ôƾʧˡ


һǧʮ ͽ
֮Уһǳ֮䣬ϥĵӰ
ĸ˶ڵǿߣһ۷ǿߡ
ϳǳ֮һ
ǶǳǳԼеĴϡ
Ӫ֮УΪ𣬵λıǴϣһλ۷
ڴ֮£ǶǡǺϳǵĳ
ЩϺͻǡ
ߵĳڣڣǲյľߡ

ϳǳǳǳѧԺôˣ˶ˣλõĴʵ
ϳǳæ˵ϣϳѧԺѾպѧˣһʮˣпܽˡ
Ŷˣ¶һ˿ȣ֪콾ǰ벽ǿߣôˣ
ǺǣҲǰСһɣҲǵһμСӵʵƻ֮ϡϳǳٺЦ
Ҳãһ𣬶ǵİԽ󡣡Цŵͷ
ʱǳǳҲ㱨һԼѧԺѧֱ˺ˡ
֮ѧԺѧϳѧԺѧ٣ԭĵλá
ϱԣΪҪʱűǵַǿ࣬Ҳࡣ
Բ˵㡣
ˣصЩСһľս֮ǰһҪΪǶӼλ𡣡
˵գֱռ뿪˴˵ء
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Ӿ˶ǽϵսһ˷ܺͼۿ𼶱ǿߵսǵĴ̼ܴ
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սҲֻ¼ǿߵսҶʵѾ۷ˣһ۷ҪǿЩսȻûá
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ңһ˵Ų֮һ壬Ҷ뿴һԼںһ˵Ų֮⣬ǻʲôЧ
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һԪһԪȥˣ棬Ҷ㻨ٸԪŽʣµľŵŲ֮ں˰˵
ټ֮ǰںϵһٵŲ֮⣬һһ˵Ų֮⣬Ѿ֮С
ҶʱܹоԼﵽһޣ۷ļޣֻҪǰͻһǱԲˡ
壬ҲﵽһޣǰһԲ
ҶΪҲﵽڵļޣ۷Ҳܽˡ
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Ҷʶˣǵ콾֮һıڤԨֻû뵽ߵһġ
ңҶΪռǿظӦڤԨֵһǺڰһǹ
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ԣ˿̵ıڤԨ߻ħĽ׶Σڵֵڲϵسţ屬ըˡ
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Сӵĵ츳ȻͬʱǿĵҪֵܹںôԽ𾳽磬жǿһҶ찵뵽ͬʱ⡣
ৣ
ҶһֱӳڱڤԨԣȻһָüġ
˿̵ıڤԨֵϵسţоԼ嶼Ҫըˣͷ亹һ
ڴʱһɸǿֲֿĵϽʱͰѹס˺ڰ͹
ڤԨһ漴۾ʱͿߵҶ졣
㡭ҡڤԨЩȡ
ԸΪʦҶ쿴űڤԨ΢Ц
ڤԨʱһ㶡


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ʦ
ڤԨ㶣漴;Ҷ̫ˣȻоҶʵԼ϶Ƕ֣ͬǰ벽һ벽ΪʦǲԸġ
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뵽ڤԨǰҶ죬˵ҵĿͻƾ磬Ϊܰ𣿡
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Ҷҡҡͷ˵磬Ӧ֪ͻҪԼģָҲûãԼ߳һ·
Ȼˣʲô̵ңڤԨʵ
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ҶһþܾǿҶ֪Ѷˡ
ǾҲʦˡǺǣҶεȴȻϾͲµ˱ڤԨ˼ɵЦЦ
ڤԨ΢΢һЦĬ
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Ҳ𾪵ؿڤԨÿڤԨһȴûзʱ;ˡ
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Цˣ㱱ڤԨҲǰ벽СӾһ㣬Ҳһ벽ѣҪǰʦҲҪһݰȻһ벽ЦˡӼЦ
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㡭ڤԨŭ
ԱߵҶס˻һۣ漴ԱڤԨ˵Ҫʱ˷õ棬˵䣬ѵܽˣʱ䣬úɡ
ڤԨһʱ侲ˣ˻һۣҶ쳯ȵľͷȥͻһξ롣
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п϶ʲôԭ
˰죬Ҳ벻ԭ
ˣ˵ڽҪڤԨ˭Ϊʦ漴ս


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ˣԭˡһԪ֮ԭϥڵϵıڤԨȻ۾˷ܵĴЦ
ҶҲ漴۾һ۾Ϳ˱ڤԨϵֵѾڿʼںˣȻֻںһ㣬Ѿҵ·ˡ
ɵãҶ¶һĨ΢Ц


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ʦҳɹˣ
ڤԨǰҶ죬˷ܺ͸м֪ûҶ죬ô׳ɹġ
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ڤԨţоҶڵ̫ˣһλĽҲûô̡
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٣Ҷ쿴Լ֮⣬û˭ڵϵ츳ȵϱڤԨġ
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ʦͽʮԪֱڤԨͺڰںϳɹ
ʱ򣬱ڤԨʵѾԽ˻ӺͳǣΪϳѧԺҶ֮ǿߡ
ңںϺĹⰵڤԨѾ𾳽żˡ
·ǰ

ʦҸо𾳽ǰˣʼղһ㡣ڤԨüͷ˵
Ҷ΢΢Ц𼱣úĹⰵ̤𾳽ġ
ҶһȻӣڤԨкʦĵǿ࣬𾳽绹Զ𣿡
ڣ֪Լʦһء
ҶԹЦ𾳽籾ܽںԶˡ
ڤԨ⣬ҶĻ
ʵϣҶ˼ǣո̤𾳽磬𾳽磬Ȼ𾳽ܽ
ڣҶѾ̤ڣӽ۷ˣ꾳ǿԲˡ
ԣ־ʼԶˡ
ΪҶ쿴Ǿ֮ܽˡ
ˣ
ûɻıڤԨҶ۾ǰȡ
һŲ漴
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˲츳ѾǲֵսˡҶͷ˵
ǶҵĶ֡ڤԨȻ˿̵оԵĻܳ˺ͻӡ
𽾰Ҷѵ
ڤԨ˵ͷṳ֮̂ǰȻҽ
ŲԽԽһӰǵ֮Уǳ˺ͻˡ
һҶͱڤԨʱЦһΪʦͽ뿪ˣû뵽ûвǰս񣬾ս񣬼ֱȡ衣
˵ǿغҶ죬бڤԨк
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ϳǳǰҶ죬һοʼѯҶˣտտɫࡣ
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ϳǳĻԱߵĻ˶Ȼ󲻿˼ؿҶ졣
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ѣҳ۸·бɫŲμϳѧԺĿˡҶЦЦ
ϳǳȻ漴ЦǺǵԵְ
ϳǳһЦΧѹʧָԭȵӡ
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Ҷ֪ϳǳϱǿߣǲռ䷨ģڿռ䷨ĳɾͺܸߡ
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Ǻǣϳǳ΢΢һЦ漴֮еıڤԨͻ˵ְɣǵ޷ƻ
ڤԨͻһʱⱬ䣬ǿϢϳ𣬿µҲûΣΧƵһƬǿճӡ
档


һǧʮ 
ڤԨɣҿЩҶǰָ³˶١Ӵһйâ貣ȫһƬ֮Уиһ˳ɫĳǹޱȡ
񣬵֪Ҷ𣬻ӼٽҲٳҶˡ
ڱڤԨȻ
ӣһһսǲʤǴӽ쿪ʼͲҵĶˡڤԨԣҲóԼһɫĳ͸ſµϢͷǳľ޴󣬱ȱڤԨ˻Ҫ
˿̵ıڤԨӿֳֿµĵϵؽţɢֲϢ
ڤԨڵ츳ȷܸߣȻǿĵϧֵȻ෴γɳͻʵôҵĶ֣ӴЦһΪһ⣬ѸٳڤԨ
ৣ
ڻӵУһ˳ɫĳǹƺ͸ʱռ˲ڻӵǰǹųѤĹâ
һɿµϢʱƵ
䣡
ڤԨֵӭȥ֮սһ֮䣬һɿֲ籩ܵնݻˡ
սϳǳ͵ӵ츳ȷ̶һٶԪȻʹЩս֮򣬿кܴΪ𡣡
ţǲҶҲ˵ͷò˵츳ȷгΪǱ
ڤԨڵ츳ǿȻ˹ͺڰǿĵϧû취ںֵĵ·ƽ̹ˡϳǳ˵տҶ졣
Ҷ΢΢һЦȴû˵
Ϊʱ򣬳еսѾֽˡ
ֻڤԨ̽һ»ӵʵ֮󣬱㽫ͺڰںǿһѻ˶ˣ϶ѷ죬
ôܣ
Ӵš
ȻָܻܿǸղŵһȴѾܵһЩˣټȥɡ
֪Լˣô졣
ڤԨʵȻǿôࡣ
ңڤԨȻѹͺڰںˡ
𣿡ӻͷҶ죬֪ڤԨڽϳѧԺǰ޷ںϹͺڰȴˡ
ȻҶָĹ͡
Ҷ֣ڤԨȻں˹ͺڰָ𣿡ϳǳ˿ҲϲЩŵؿҶ졣
ǺǣָҲ츳ˡҶ΢΢Ц
Ҷָ㣬ڤԨΪĿߵ˾ųˡϳǳʱЦˣôߵĳɹʣѾڤԨϿԳΪˡ
ߵʵǿˡ
漴ҶϳǳΧĽûӺͱڤԨ
ڤԨһ˷ܣͷɥ
ϳǳضԱڤԨ˵ڤԨȻܴ󣬵һṳ̂𾳽磬һûʸ񽾰֪𣿡
ǣԺڤԨæͷ
ϳǳ漴ӣߵͰһΣбҪôͷɥȻʵ籱ڤԨǶڰ벽ޣǴһߣ˭ܹ̤𾳽磬һء
Ժ֪ˡԶʱһǰԼȻʵ籱ڤԨͱڤԨһڰ벽ļ޾磬˵Լϣһ̤𾳽ء
뵽Ӷʱȼġ
Ҷ찵ͷܹ֪ܶ£Ժļʺܴ
ţָ£ڤԨ϶һ̤𾳽ġ
ˣսΣϳǳ漴ԱĬĬԵĳˣʵ
˿˿ӣٿ˿ڤԨ΢˼Ƭ̣漴ŵ̧ͷϳǳ˵ҺͻӲ࣬Ȼ籱ڤԨţ˵Уһǵһ̤𾳽ˡ
ţдţͺáϳǳص˵ͷҪΪԼһҪʮ㣬Լûжţô϶ܳΪ
ʲô
ǾΨҶվ۷塣
û޵еܹɹ
ԣһҪԼš
ߣҲǵһˡԱߵĻ򲻷˵
ңڤԨȻԼȻӺͳǿټҶָ㣬϶һΪġ
ϳǳţԵ÷ǳĸˣ˵츳ܿܶΪ
£ϳǳԱڤԨ˵ڵʵѾʺϲЩսˣһȥһط
ͻӺͳȥɣñڤԨҾˡҶʱͻȻ˵
ðɣϳǳü뵽֮ǰڤԨҶָ£ں˹ͺڰҲͬҶ


һǧʮһ 
ʦȥڤԨһԵҶ죬ʵ
ϳǳ֮ҶͺͱڤԨһ˺գ˲ƶȥ
һطչأҶ˵գĿһɨܿͷֲԶһ򣬳ﱬȥ
ڤԨæȥ
ʦͽ˵ϡ
ʦ𡭡ڤԨҶ졣
Ҷû˵һֻƣƯһžŲ֮⣬ɢϢñڤԨеһѹ֡
ʦʲôڤԨȵ
һָ߲εԺ׵ģҰ㽫Ҷ˵
Ҷ࣬ڤԨ֪ǰŲ֮ⲻ˵ͷ
Ҷ漴ڤԨŲ֮⣬ӵһŵŲ֮⣬ֻҪһ˵һ͸Լͽܡ
һŲ֮ڤԨ̤𾳽͸ˡ
ⲻžŲ֮뱱ڤԨ壬궼ʼǿ
ڤԨʹﵽ˰벽ļޣںһ֮Ͼʹﵽڡ
ǿɢµǳˡ
¡¡Χǿգһ
ڤԨ͵۾ϲʦҸоںǿ𣿡
ڵȷҲΣľȻǰ벽ļޣûпһʼղ𡣡Ҷ˵
ڤԨȴȻϲѣ嶼ﵽ𾳽磬ôͼ򵥶ˡ
û뵽һŲ֮⣬ȻЧ
Ҷ춼û뵽
֮ǰ۷壬ս۷壬Ҫһ˵Ų֮⣬ܰһʵڤԨİ벽ޣֻҪһŲ֮⣬̤𾳽硣
Ҷа뵽
ڤԨ츳ִﵽ˰벽ļޣû˰æкܴ̤𾳽硣
˾Ų֮Эôʾˡ
Ҳ˵㹻ľŲ֮⣬ҶܰڤԨİ벽̤𾳽硣
Ҫ֪ħȻ٣ǰ벽𼶱ǿȴкܶ࣬вٶڰ벽ޣ޷̤𾳽硣
ǶںһŲ֮⣬ôкܴ̤𾳽磬һܵܶˡ
Щ½Ȼֻǳڵ𣬵㹻࣬ôԽսаˡҶ΢΢˼ţԼȥһˣҪ壬һ¡
ϾľսҪʼˡ
գҶǰıڤԨΪʦеҪ뿪һˣʵֻҪṳ́𾳽粻⡣⣬ΪʦڵĵᣬΪʦϳѧԺйɳģúòϣڻͨ
˵ţҶݸڤԨһ
ȵǶʱ䣬ҶԼڵľ飬ȫ¼ˡ
ʦҪȥڤԨһΪҶҪԼȥû뵽գۼ䣬ҶҪƲ뿪ˡ
ȥǵߣҶ΢΢Ц
ڤԨʱŴͣ˵ˡ
Ȼħ磬е߶֪ǳʹ⣬оû˿Լˡ
壬ߵУǾһ˵еĴڡ
ʦȻԼߣǲ˼鰡ڤԨ뵽
ˣǾʹ˷ֱѣϣһμʱˡҶЦ˵
ʦģҲ㶪ġڤԨ̱֤
Ҷָ£ں˹ͺڰ𾳽粻Զˡ
һŲ֮Ѿһﵽ𾳽磬ôľҲ;Զˡ
ܳΪڤԨҿ鶹ײˡ
ͣ
˺ռ䣬Ҷһ̤ʧ֮С
һ̣ҶһߺƵǿ֮С
ûпȥѰ壬Ҷֻǽϣ֮˳Ȼ߶ǴϢʱħ硣
ţ
ף
ǣ

ûãħ֮УһЩﵽ۷徳𣬶Ȼ۾Ҷڵķ˹
ǿϢЩǿ𣬶еһ˿ļ¡
ϣ֮ϢҶǼһħˡңԶǿ֮Уħʺ͵¿۾ɫһ䡣
Ҿ֪ħġ¿ߵ
ƺǿ࣬һϣҿκβħʳ
õģѾҵһżʦС壬ָԲʵ¿˵
ãħ۾һУЩ˷ˡ
ֻҪָԲʵħ磬кξ壿


һǧʮ ̸
ħ磬һŷϡ
֮Уһéݣϥһ޳ӰŰɫĳۣ磬˫ü罣
塣
ϤϢѣˡϣ֮ǿϢʱ¶Цݡ
ͬʱվһ̤ں嫵ǿ֮С
ûһΧǿնѸɢ
֮䣬ͳҶǰ΢Цؿ
Բô͸ˡҶ쿴ǰ壬Ц˵
΢΢һЦ˵ȸ⼸˵ļһ
˵գǹԲϢҲûأֱӳΧĺǿϯȥ
һ̣ħ磬飬ܵһǿѹ
ߣ
ߣ

͵شߡ
ڰеĵ¿ħʣҲɫһ䡣
ǿȫʢʱڣҲȲ˵壬Ǹ𣿡ħ𾪵ؿ¿
¿㵱û壬Ҳӵһǿ壬δػǿ١
Ķ֣ڴħԣս졣
ͬʱедϣԼǣȫܵɺƥϢ
ңǷǳħ磬ܹӵϢˣֻǵ졪塣
£Щ˶һ⣬ȫԭ·ء
Ͼ嶼ˣǾûҪˡ
ǿ֮УʱֻҶһЦ漴һ˵ǳ
忴ǰҶ죬˸ͣΣ΢΢ЦѣȻûʧ̶̼ٸԪʵҾѾ͸ˡҲ²⣬Ӧñһ۷Ҫǿܶࡣ
ֻǿ۷𣬲ڽħʱھŲʹںһЩŲ֮⣬ʵľϲҶЦ˵
֮εȻܹںϣЩȡ
ΪѾʱշ򣡡Ҷֱ˵
ʱշ򣡡ڱˣֱվŵضҶ졣
ֻտտ˵ʱշ򣿡
ģҶ˵ͷͬʱһֻƣΧʱͿռͷ˸ı䡣
Ȼʱշ򣡡循̾һ漴˷̫ܵˣʱշֻҪﵽԲ磬ô㲻֮㶼п̤֮Ρ
¹ħǸʱˡҶҡҡͷʱ䲻ˣʵǿһ۷ˡ
Ҷ֪ԼҪﵽԲ磬ǻҪܳһʱĻ۲С
Բô׾ܴﵽģĻ棬ҲͲֻһԲˡ
ϧû취ʱշˣҶ漴̾
Ҳ̾˿Ϊû취ʱշһ·ֻл֮ķǧ̤֮Ρ
ˣʲô飿漴ʵ
Ǻ飡Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴ԼڤԨںһŲ֮˵
۾ʱһô˵ֻҪ㹻ľŲ֮⣬Щ벽кܴ̤𾳽硣һһսʹˡ
㣬㣬ħ磬γȥĻҲ֪ôŲʹӡҶ˵
ȥüͷҪȥףֻҪӵԲĹ˺ħĿռϣҿʱȥǣ֮ħ翴úܽҶѾں˶ȥһһôֲĹǻᱻ֮Ӧġ
ҴʦֵôȥģҶ첻ɵʵ
˵ҲǱ̽ʦֹӰ۾ȥģʱͲ䡣ã֮ںСһԲӹһ١ʵܻ֮Źġ
ûİ취𣿡Ҷüͷ΢塣
˼һ漴̧ͷҶ˵취һǾȥ򱱳ǣ߸һսʱ֮϶ҪİǣͿԳû뿪һҾû취ħĿռˣֻԼﵽԲĹС
ڵĹϣ֮Բ»һ㡣Ҷ̾
ԲĹѾ˺Ŀռϣڻû
ǣܹ̤۷徳磬ʱ츳ټϣܱ֮ԲĹˡ
ԳʱշϾ֮εҪöˣԲĹѵ
֪ˣһоһ£Ҫǳɹˣٸ㡣Ҷ˵ͷ
ô㲻׼ݣعȺһǵܾˡ
ȼݰɣʱ߸һҶЦ˵
ðɣֱƣҾϸ˵ͷ漴ݸҶһƣ̤ȥ


һǧʮ ˸ط
ֿ֮ҶڸһطչزӡǺʱշ
ĿǰҪΪҲֻˡ
ڵΪʱշϣ֮һ۷ҲҵĶ֣ʵİСұҪٽһﵽ۷徳硣Ļƾʱշϣ֮ҾӵпԲսľսа塣
Ҷ찵뵽
ħֻʣ¼ٸԪʱˣʱȻ࣬ϧÿһÿһ룬Լʵ
ľսʱÿһʵʤļʲŻһЩ
٣ħ磬ںһ˵Ų֮⣬ȴҶʵҲǿ˲١
ҶıչأĿռȴȥε
֮͹ħ֮ͬھħ磬˺ܶżЩż֮Укܶ౦Ҳа
ҶĿռ뵽
ͬʱóһһ򣬽̽С
صħϸͼ͸ġ
ħô꣬ǿʵϰħеطһ飬ƵĵͼҲϸĵͼ
ͼϣúɫɫͰɫǳħһЩż
֮ЩɫǳҪΪΣա
µĻúɫǵĵطǼΣյĵطҲΣգһ۷ͺȥΣ
ɫǵĵطԴһ㣬۷ͺûκΣյģڳ𣬻кܴΣա
ɫǵĵطǶ˵ûκΣˣ벽ʥкܴĴʡ
ȻһЩż岢ûɫǣΪЩż̫ˣЩǴġ
ܹõϸͼģҲֻеɫǴЩżΣճ̶
Ҷ˼
漴еİɫط뵽ЩطֻҪȥûκΣգʵɨˣҪжõĶ϶ҵģҾûҪȥˡ
ٿЩɫǵĵط
Ҷ˼۷ͺҲûΣգҲûжõĶ
֪ħ类ռô꣬û̫ΣյĵطѾе۷ͺ̽ˣʲôõĶ
ԣҶĿЩúɫǵĵط
Щط۷涼Σգмط嶼ΣգòߣЩطҲȥ޿κΡ
ҶҪĶ
Ҷһи·һ߷ͼϢ
ƬúɫǵڣҶҳ˰˸طط嶼Σʣµطȥ
˸طΪֹûбħ̽飬ʲôȻá
˸طҲħ˳Ϊغ񼣡
طֱǣɱ¾籩ɽ
ط۷ΧΣգԲǿߣҲ޷ڲ˵Ǻˡ
ԣǾأħ£û֪ʲô
ҶԼõϢеľ󣬹֮͹ħ֮꾫־ƴĵطȻǵĲ־Էǳ¡
ɱ¾籩ޱߵɱʵʻɱγһµĴԲ𣬶㱻Щɱɱ
ɽһƬʱշ֣ǳŨǾʱ֮Уÿһʱ֮У˺۷𣬾壬Ҳֵ˶á
ҶһԼʵ֮Уɱ¾籩ȥ˾ǾǶҪҵȴԲˣӦÿȥȥҿҲȥɽȻʱշ򣬵Ҳֻ൱壬ܽȥʱշôҲʱշҲкܴİȥԵĻñȥʱշ򡣡
˼֮ҶϿۣɽȥ
Ҷٹۿ񼣡
񼣷ֱǣħħ޶ɽͭŵ
Ҷϸϸ˼ط֮ԽȥΪĻǳ⣬ԴԲų⣬ǶԴԲµȴûΣգԲµȥϾһҡаա
ҶţʵȻûдﵽԲ磬ȴҲӽˡ
ңӵʱշҶٶȺܿ죬κεط˲ƣԱûκ⡣
ԣطܹȥһ̽
ϣЩطɣҶ찵̾Ϣʱ䲻ˣҪðմֻˣܻûڶʱʵ


һǧʮ ָ
֮УһڼٺС
Ҷϥ
Ҷɽ
ƫƧΧĻǳӣһЩ׶޷ӽ
ԶƬ֮УƬŤĿռ䣬ͣؽţһĿĹâһ쵶Ƭض˺ˡ
ÿµʱշ籩ﵽʱпռ֮У
Ҷ첻ɵ𾪡
ѹųأʵ̫ˡ
Ҷ쾪ȵǣӵĻ֮УȻаɽ壬Ȼֻʱշ籩ģֱ漣
ʱһµĿռ֮УЯƥķâǰɽȥ
Ҷ𾪵ǣɽȻӲռ֮еĹȻֻǵ伸ʯѡ
ǿռ֮еĹ˵ڵǿˣȻֻɽ伸ʯɽʲôģȻôǿ󣡡
Ҷ첻ɵԾɽܲ
£Ҷ춯Լʱշ򣬳ɽȥ
ںһ˵Ų֮֮Ҷʵǳǿ󣬱һ۷Ҫǿ
ټҶʱշɽ޷룬ȴԡ
Ҷһֱ룬ǰɽȥ
Խʱշ籩ԽǿңأҶѾǰˣòͣΪоԼѾＫˡ
Զһξİɽ壬Ҷüͷһ壬ͬ˵˭Ҳ̽
ҶҲûкôΪ֣ʱշЧܺãԻ°빦
ҵıչһʵ
Ҷ΢΢˼Ƭ̣漴˳
Ȼ޷ȥͲˣϾҪˡ
Ҷǰһżûѡˡ
ɽҰ󣬶ܽȥһ̽أ¾͸Ӳܽȥˣȥ񼣿ɡ
Ҷҡҡͷ漴һۣ߳һ߹ۿ񼣵Ϣ
񼣷ֱǣħħ޶ɽͭŵ
УħͭŽգ嶼޷ȻҲͽȥ
⣬ɽޣǱ޻ҪǿĴڣʵͶ𼶱ʮͷ޴ﵽ۷𾳽硣
Щ޶ǳŽᣬһߣͻȺ֮Ծ壬ѳɽ
˵ɽûʲôһЩĵرͨãҶûˡ
ųֻʣħ޶ˡҶ˼š
ʣµ񼣵УħһƬ޴ĺ˺üΣأҲʱطֱֻҪ𣬶ܽȥһ
ħĺģһ޴֣Ҳ޷ȥԲűΪ֮һ
һ޶ħǿ֮еһڶͨĺڶͬǳľ޴һôȥһƬʲôҲûС
ֱȥһ̽󣬲ŷж죬ҲǱһ֣ȴ޷ƽ⡣
Ϊ˵ˣħ޶󷨣֮õġ
ңħ󷨵֮ǹħλ֮
޶󷨵λ֮Ȼǹ֮ˡ
Ĳ²⣬֮ͬھʱҪһЩ֣벻öԷͳ棬ǲ󷨡
һǹ֮µģһǹħ֮µģʮ˷ħ֣Եȥ޶ɣ
ҶܿĿĵء
߶ۣ޶ȥ
޶һ޴ĺڶ߶ˣһƬڣ޷̽ӽȥ
ҶȴǼԦֱۣӳ˽ȥ
߹޶ûΣգһ𣬶޷󷨣㷢ˣҲ޷ȥ
ǰһˣԹ뿪ˡ
ҶҲǽġ
ͬʱһġ
ͣ
޶ΧĿռ䣬Ťˡ
һУںХš
Ҷڽ޶֮󣬾ۣںڰ֮С
ûǳһƬڣ·һƬյش
ףô£
ȻҶ¶֮ɫĿԼƣɫڷ⣬Щȡ
ңЩһͷĳ
ͻһĻҶĿɿڴ
Ҫ֪ħۣʮ˷ħʱûһΣϾͶһħۡ
Ҷʮ˷ħѾ˵Բ磬Ҳӵħۡ
Щħǵһγ֡
ѵΪǹ֮õĺ֣ʮ˷ħ֣űҶܴϾ뵽ԡ
Ϊλ֪֮ԼҪ󣬿϶Լıˡ
жǹˣôһͺܼ򵥣Ǳʮ˷ħ֡
žרԹħ壬ڣ˹ˣû˻
ң㲻ǹˣһʮ˷ħ֣Ǿһǹħĵˡ
ν˵ĵˣǾѡ
УΪİɡ


һǧʮ ɫӰ
֮ĥָķҶ쳯޶ȥĿռܲ򣬱ϿյһƬʵϣΧصĿռ䣬һ棬㶼Է
ҲҿҶʱշ򣬶Կռ廹ҪߣһЩ
ûĥ۵ָҶҲҵʲô
Ͼ嶼һΣһ

޶֮һƬڣûйߣ·𱻺ڰɡ
ȻڵĿռȴһֻ޴ƣƯ֮УҲ֪˶£·Ԫ֮á
ǣ
Ҷ찴ĥ۵ָ˴˵ء
ǰľ޴ƣҶгԾѡ
ֻ̫ˣչֱ壬Ҳӵô޴ơ
һƬָףȵˡ
Ӧ֮ƣҶ첻ǱܿͲµֻƵ
Ҳֻ֮ӵô޴ơ
뵽Ҷһ֮ƣҲ̺λ֮ĵ뷨ǴС
Ǻö
Ҷ첻ɵóǰľ޴ƷȥԽǽӽֻƣԽоֻƵӴ
ǰҶͺһֻϡ
濴ȥҶ·𿴵һ޴Ĵ½ֻһɫĴ½滹źɫ·Ƿ
ЩЩŹ֣
Ҷ춢Щɫһ¶֮ɫ
ʵܹܵвĶ࣬ǰЩɫȴһ֡
ֻһʱ䣬ҶҲ֪Щɫʲô
ϢҲлϢһּµĺ䣬ҾȻûмҶ˼ţ۾Щɫ
ԭʼ棬ҶΪ󣬼еطȴûпֺɫ
ħ磬ҶҲûзֶ
·޶еĶС
ңɫ֮֮еʹĲ֮
һ˿裬Ҷӽֻ޴ƣһ߲֮⣬γɹ֣ڡ
ʱ淭ĺɫ֮УȻɳٸɫӰЩӰΣȴû׺٣ϢسҶΧסˡ
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Ҷһǿƺɨһɿµ֮ٶ£ڰգЩɫӰѹ档
򣬶Ҷǿ
ٸɫӰȻͬʱٸһǿµ·̩ɽѹһ㣬Ҷѹô
ЩһȻʵҶ쵹һѸٱˣͬʱչʱշ򣬸գסЩΧɱĺɫӰ
ٸ٣һӰҶѹˣû뵽ЩһȻȻֻڡ
ٸȴСɣҶҲҴ⣬ٺˣӲƴ
ЩһǴģǲΪҸоһ˿ϢңħҲһλɡҶг˲˼顣
ٸʵ̫ˡ
ЩɫӰǳڵڣǺڵô۷ҲҪ˱ᡣ
Ҫ֪ɲϣڵ۷𣬵ൽһ̶ȣҲʱġ
ٸڵ֣Ѿ۷ɵˡ
ٸڵγɺϻô壬ҪԴˡ
Ҷ첻֪ЩɫӰĵϸԲҴ⣬ʱշѸٺˣЩɫӰһξ롣
ЩһٶȲң
Ҷ쿴ǰԶЩɫӰ΢΢һЦЩ⡣
ʱշٶȾһҲܺ
Ҫ֪ڿռĳɾͣѾﵽԲˡ
ʱշȿռ䷨һΣʹҶһЩ
ףЩһ˻ȥˣͻȻҶ췢ЩɫӰʼˡ
ʱҶͣסӣ׷ЩɫӰȥ
ЩɫӰҶȻ֪׷ʱŭˣͷΧֱҶӵˡ
ػص׷ѰҶжϳЩɫӰĻΧˡ
ȻΧڣЩɫӰŻ׷ɱһΧǾ͵ͷȥ
ƣټʱշٶȣҶ컨һץסһɫӰ
ɫӰҶϣ֮ѹסгʵ޷Ҷ죬ǶҶצ
һﲻ壬κ壬ֲڲ̺Ϣһڣֻͻ𣬻кڰ䣬һиϢ
Ҷ۲һóۡ


һǧʮ ǿ
ԼǰĺɫӰҶ첻ü
Ϊûʮ˷ħ֣ڽ޶ʱҲûħ۵ָȻ
ԣЩɫӰݣҶҲ޷õκõϢ
һᶯṥһӵſĶȻûһʵҶš
壬ǵһμ
˼ִĸƺʱշһȼǲ˼顣Ҷ۲ǰɫӰ֮󣬷һЩв𶯡
֣ɫӰӵıʣȻ֪ʲôȴʱշһȼ
Ҳ֮ε
ҲԣɫӰǴӲԶǸ޴֮еˣǸ޴Ȼ֮ƣЩɫӰܹӵ֮εҲȻˡ
ֻǣһݣҶ˺档
£Ҷֳһ۲ǰɫӰı壬ǰ޴ĺɫƷȥ
һӦҶĽӽǾ޴ĺɫַ֮ɳ˼ٵɫӰȫŭɱɱҶ졣
Ҷûַ²һɫӰȻ͸Ͻˡ
ȵЩɫӰˣҶˣȻøղŵķٴη²һɫӰ·
ػأҶֱɵķץЩɫӰ
ʱţЩɫӰҲԽԽˣֻʣ¼ʮˣҲҶĶ֣Ҷһ²ˡ
Ҷϸһ£Լһ²ٰ߰ʮɫӰ
Ҷ쵹һ
Ҫ֪ЩɫӰʵ൱ٰ߰ʮ𰡡
ȻҶʹ˺ܶ෽û취ЩɫӰҲ޷ս
Ļٰ߰ʮһ֣ҶԼҶԼܺɨе۷ˣӽԲˡ
ϧˣ
ҶҡҡͷЩʧ
꣬ûоЩɫӰϢ
ûзϾЩɫӰһɲܹڽս֮пԴذ
ûЩһ赲ˣȥɫ½ˡ
Ҷ쿴Զĺɫơ
ʱûЩɫӰ赲Ҷɵɺɫγɵĺɫ½
һƬŨĺɫҶ췢һ۵Ľⱬ
Ҷ첢ûиоκεΣգϸȥŷĴһɫġ֣ڷҫ۵Ľ⡣
ͬʱҶеħۣҲʼĽ⡣
ԭⶫָңҶȻ漴ȥǸֵԱߡ
ȻⶫָҶ첻Ҵ⣬Ͼ֮Ūĵط˭֪ʲôΣڵ
ҶСع۲˺ܾãõ˺ܶõϢ
һ󷨣Ҷ춢ǰġ֣ҲǾͨ󷨣ԺܿͿˡ𾪵ǣǰ̫ˣǿ֮һ
Ӧú͵¿ʩչħ֮ε󷨡
ңȻλ֮õģǷӡ͵󷨣֪ڷӡʲô
ѵ
ȻҶ뵽˱²ٰ߰ʮɫӰ
Īǣλ֮ڷӡЩ
֮ʵӦúЩɫӰŶԡ
ȻҲпǣڵһսУ֮͹ħ֮ͬھ󣬷ЩɫӰʹԼΪӡЩһ
ЩɫӰǹħ֮ŪˡҶ찵뵽
ǣЩɫӰʲô֮ΪҪָ
ƺֻܽǰ֮һ̽ˡ
ּ󷨣϶λ֮µһ˿Ȼֻǲǿķӡ󷨣Ҳܹӳǿ˵סҶ졣
ԣҶһʱЩɣ롣
ֻǷʵ̫ȥ
ֻþѪԴһʵǿķˣȥһ̽ˡúҶЩ뵽
ֳķֻʵǺǿ
οҶΪֻڣһսϣֻʵ͸ˡ
еֶΣҪǿķҲѣֻҪһЩ۶ѡ
ۣûһԸȥġ
ΪҪǿķҪһЩƷ壬ҪľѪԴ
Ѫ˵Ƕǳǿ󣬾ʧһЩѪһʱҲָܻģûʲô˵ġ
ԴһģҪ޸ˡ
Щ𣬻϶ǵͷŻᶯԴ˵ԴҪˡ
ԣûĸɵöԴǻʵ󽵵ġ


һǧʮ ħ
𲻻ᶯԴҶȴں
ҶѾһŴӣӵеԴԲҪǿ󣬴ʱһԴһҲں
ȻԴܹҶҲǿǺܾãԼҪõĶſʼķһԴ
ЩƷϣҶˣϾΪһһǷǳġ
ңħô꣬Ҳռ˺ܶ౦
Ҫʱ䣬Ҷɲ˷ʱרֻǷֳһ˼ѣ󲿷˼Ƿ档
ʱ䣬ҶӡǺ걦䣬걦Σ𵤡ƵӤһ
ĿǰҶ˵ڶƵӤΣȴǳٳ޷ͻơ
ӡǺޱȣҶʱշ򣬴˿̼ջҲܶࡣ
һԪԺҶķѾɹһ룬ʵһҪǿࡣ
Ҷ컹㣬һԴ
κķѵʱã㻨ʮԪʱ䣬߷ɹ
ҶҲǳ⡣
һսֱһһ۷ˡ
û뵽ҾȻôǿ
Ҷ쿴ǰԼķЩˣЩźϧԴޣһҪԴ̫ˣҾдӣҲƵģҵδ
ȻַܶǿķҶɲɵϾҪŴӳΪ֮أɲɵһЩ۷ķ
ûм룬ҶһɹϿ߷ǰ󷨵С
ͬʱҶı壬濴ţ֮ɫ
Ҷ۷սɾ͵صסǰ󷨵ѹȻʧһƬɫĹ֮С
ҶһյĿռ䣬ǹռ䡣
Ҷ쵱ֹ˹ʱƵĹռģҶԴ˷ǳϤ
ӦǸ֮Ĺռɡ
ţҶ㿴ǰǾ߸ߴıӰһĴ󺺣ϥ
ƺӦҶĵ󺺵ӻת˹һ˫Ŀ⣬ͬ޵Ļ磬Ҷ쿴˹
ʱҶоԼȫ£⣬ȫԷ͸ˡ
֮
Ҷ컹ǵһ֮Щ𺳣ҲЩ
Ҷ쵽־ôķ꣬ܿˣǰĿһ񣬵Ҷ죬ݼǰǰմ
ҵ֣
ǰĿԣ¶һϵϣĿ⣬ǰҶ죬˵ҽ·˹Сαʲôôҵģ
α壡
Ҷ԰ˬ
ϴμ˹ԷҲôΪġ
壬ȴΪα壬˭᲻ˬġ
ǰ˱Ͼ֮ҶҲҶײ˵ǰ֪ʲôα壬Ⱥ浮ġûв´ĻǰӦþǴ˵еĹλ֮Ҳħλ֮ͬھλ
˵У
·˹ԣиһĨɬǺܿʧˣĿϵؿҶ죺ʱ̫ãѾܴı仯ˣûбҵˣħ廹ʲô𣿡
һ¿ļһʵǺǿڡҶش
¿ǸСһ·˹Ŀһ˵СһˣǸһȥֻתҳһ£û뵽ûɱɹתˡһСһʲôˡ
˵գ·˹Ҷ죬Щ֮ɫ㣬û뵽棬Ȼصα壬֡
Ҷαᣬɵʵ·˹ǰ֪㲼ӡΪʲôǷӡʲô𣿡
·˹ԣɫʱӡһħѨҺ͸ͬھû뵽ȻӵһħѨħѨǲŵõģСҾͲĶˡһһħѨȥᱻǸٵҾҽһӡħѨ
ħѨҶһ㶣漴˵·˹ǰҸղץһЩȫɫֵǣûκֻһЩЩһǴħѨе𣿡
û뵽ǾȻѾӳˣ·˹ɫһ䣬漴ץǸħħ࣬һﵽ𼶱𣬾ͻ۳ͣȫǺɫġ


һǧʮ 
ħ
Ҷ¶ɻ֮ɫǵһ˵
㲻֪ҲǸģҼ棬Ҳ٣ǳϡС
·˹˵ħ֪ħһ֪
Ҷ˵ͷȻ֪ħʲô֮оĶ־ᶨԲãͻ߻ħ
߾ħֻҪ̤֮磬궼ѾΪһ壬ǸʱͲħˡ
·˹˵գɫ΢΢Ҳ⣬Ͼ֮治УЩ֮ϵǿߣʲôħұħɣǾͻγħѨӶԴԴħ
Щħܿ𣿡Ҷ첻ʵ
·˹ͷǳ£ǵĵʵǿȴʤڶࡣֻҪûлٵħѨͻԴԴصħħѨڳ˯״̬Ŀǰֻʶص𼶱ħһˣǾͻᵮ֮εħңܼǿħ
Ҷһ
뵽֮ǰǼٸ𼶱ħһħѨˣһӵٸ֮
ǾԿɵػ档
ʲôԲʲô֮ܵеùٸ֮
뵽Ҷסľæʵǰ֪ħѨжûѣ
·˹ԣ̾ǰħѨҲõ󷨷ӡˣԶҲѣ˹󷨡ڣȴǷ˱仯
ʲô仯Ҷ첻ʵ
·˹Щҵ˵Ȼ֣Ҳܲ˼飬ܹоĵҵıѾˡΪ帴ŻʧһڸԪҵĲͻ᳹ʧع鱾壬ʱħѨͻӡȻҪˡ
һڸԪ
Ҷԣȴǰ˿
ħֻʣ¼ٸԪˣʱ޷Ϊ֮޷֮Ҳ·һȲħѨˡ
Ӯˣ֮ܽ磬ʱ˴뿪棬ħѨôҲˡ
ֻǣ·˹ȻˣҶЩԾ
ͬھ֮Ȼܹʲôεǿֲ߳а
ѵںڰħмĹħǿһ
Сһôȥˣ淢ʲô仯˵˵·˹Ҷ˼ɵʵ
Ĳ󷨷ӡħѨȻ޷֪淢顣
ҶԣҲûһһ·˹֮
·˹֮һп֮ɫû뵽ͬھȴõ˻ᣬ档
ҶйâһͻȻ˵ǰ˵֮㴴ģ֪ʲô취
·˹ԳҲ㣬ʵ֮ҵһֻ۾ƶɡ棬滹ڸտʼ״̬ҾͰ֮Լһֻ۾У֮û뵽ǣֻ۾ȻǣҲ顣ԣҾͰȡΪԼһ֣ҹ档
ôûǸǣҶЦ
·˹Щε˵һϾҵ۾ҲǺԵ˵ΪҲĨɱˡң֮ĺΪһ壬Ҿ͸׹ˡ
ʵΣҶʵ
·˹˵ڣƿ֮ΡϾ֪֮֮սʽҲһЩսطʵֻ֮˵޽ӽ֮
·˹˵ʵǿԲµõˣʵ֮һͷˣﻹлŵڡ
ҶȻͬʱЩңֻҪ֮֮ǵĻܴ
£Ҷ̶Ը֮ķ
֮Ͼ·˹ģ֮˽⣬û˱ȵ·˹ˡ
·˹ȴǿЦһ治֪ϾһûвҲûҪ
Ҷʱʧ
·˹״˵ҲҪйҿóѾʱշ򣬾֮棬ĻֻҪʱշ򣬳̤֮εġ
ǰ֪ħĴҲǰ·ϣ໹мٸԪʱ䣬ǾҪˡҶЦ
ħ壡·˹ԣɫڱˡ
ǼһﲻǸͬھ𣿹ħôҵ·˹üͷ
Ҷڨڨ˵Ҵ˺ڰħ
ʲô·˹Ծ


һǧʮ ָ
Ȼ˺ڰħ
·˹һŵضǰҶ죬Ϊ֮Ȼڰħ塣
Ƿ磬ҲŰ
û뵽ĽһССĳʼ棬ȻţѹһᱻǹħĴҪˣҵıҲŹĴˡ
·˹ϲ˵
Ҷȴɫһ䡣
ȻҲдҪδǺ鰡˭֪ô棿
Ҷ쿴ֻԼԼ˲ãɲԸ˽߹ħˡ
뵽Ҷɫؿ·˹
Ȼ·˹ɫһЩ仯м˷ܣҲһЩԥ
Ǻܿ죬·˹ЦݵضҶ˵СһǹĴҲڸ·ϡѾҴ·϶ùħһǹ壬츳ǹһЩǿ߶ΪͽңѾʮ˷ħ֣ټħˡ
ҶԳǰ֪ǹúȥδӣ
·˹ЦǺǣصҲѯ˹ħǿ߰ɣ
Ҷ첻÷ص˵ͷ·˹Ц˵ħһǷǳԵǿ϶ش㣬˵֮⣬˶ϣֵһᣬ԰ɣ
Ҷ˵ͷ
·˹Цģǹǲͬǲɱκһġң츳ǹ߲϶Ը潱͸㣬ٶཱ͸һЩ涼⡣˵ãʱһҪΪء
Ҷ˼·˹شЩ⣬غҲҴ⡣
Ͼⶼ·˹Ƭ֮ʣʱ߲㷴ڣⷢͱ硣
֮һ仰ûʵʱҪ˽ˡ
һ㣬Ҷ첻
ҶҲûоܾ·˹ͷǰֻҪҾͼ塣
·˹ԴϲЦԺ󲻻ѡ츳ټǹ϶Ϊһǿߡ
·˹ǳҶǱųΪǿߵǱҲҶùϵ˵ھͰĺúע֮ҵ֪ѾںһȥһֻҪ㲻¶֮ǲᷢġһеǹ˵ʱѶͿȥˣɱöˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴Щĵħһأ
ûϵں϶ȥһ֮Ҳ޷㡣㰲Ķһеǹ˵·˹˵
ҶȴǰЦ
˵ףҲǰ鵱ϣںǵ
ΪһħĴ϶ɱ¾飬ӶҶ
ҶȻ侲Լļˣѣȫ⵽ħɱ¾Ҳܻ̲סġ
ңҶҲԼ˽
ʱȴӦ·˹Ϊϣܹڹħ֮ǰΪ֮Ǿʹ뿪ǹ壬ǹħ壬򲻵ѣҶǡ
Ҷа뵽
Լ˽ա
Ǻǣ·˹ҶԸ壬Ե÷ǳˣڳװҶ쵱ԼˣƵЦСһһ֪ʲôأ
ҽҶ죡Ҷæ˵
Ҷ죡·˹˵ͷ漴ЦҶ죬㴳˺ڰħ϶õӡǰɣɣӡǣʲôĵطҡôҲһ֮Ȼܰ㳹ӡǣǿʱշٶȸһЩ
ģ̫лǰˣҶ첻ɵϲ
ҲԣǰȻֻ·˹һϾ֮֮ķḻ֪ʶ顣
Ҫ֪棬ûһ֮Ҷǵһʱշˡ֮ǰҶ춼ǿӡǣԼԲʱշ
ڣ·˹ָ㣬ǿ϶ǰöˡ
ǣҶ￪ʼӡǣʱշ·˹ָ㣬ĲĵطҶ춼Լ˼ˣֻҪ·˹ˡ
ͺñһԣҶҪ˼𰸣ֱ˲ο𰸣ԼֻҪŴдˡ
ʵ̫ˬˣҶ̲ס˷ܣ֪Լ޶ֱˣʲôıҲȲһָ֮Ҫá
Ҷʱ䣬һУʼճ֮С


һǧʮ 
ħ
Ҷ޶бչǱ޵ʱ򣬵¿ħ˫˫ħ
ħ֮һųرգû˿Խȥ嶼޷俪š
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ǿϢħķ򡣡
ħôǿħѵħ绹һλħǿ߻𣿡
ħħȻˣ֪ʲô

ޱߵǿ֮Уһᴩ񷣬Ű֮С
ﵽ𾳽磬ͬһʱˣǶܵħ֮бǿϢ
ǺȻģΪ̫ǿˣǵ̫Ӵˣħһʲô䣬Ƕһʱоõ
ħһЩ벽ʥǣ쵽ˡ
Ƿħ󣬾Ͳȥ̽ˡ
Ϊأ񼣣µϿ̽˵ġ
ǣЩǣȴһʼĶˡ
еǿߣѾħˡ
Ϊ֮һħıЩ𼴱ýѾ룬Ҳ֪϶Լá
һߴһе𣬳˱Ҫ⣬ȫˡ
ûãһµϢħΧ֮С
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δ䣬̧һ˫ƣŶߴȥ
һ˫ƣһֻǰɫģӨ͸ɢŰһֻͨīޱߵĺڰ۶µħŰ
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Χ̲ס˿
ħ󣡡嶢󷨵ɫû뵽ǵõ󷨣ȴ첻ۡ
壬ԣע·һѪħŭȵ
岻м죿Ҫ졣
Уɣߵ
壬壬ҪΪ˴ԲôţԴӹ͹ħҲλԲôˣ
ЩǰĹ٣ΰ󣬲ȺӣȻԼ塣Ц
ҵֻ˳аˣ𵭵˵


һǧʮһ Գ
޶ִȻš
ҶıϥԱߣĲʱշ򣬶ķ֮ڣ·˹ָ㡣
ȻһǿϢңԶմ
ҶȻ۾Щɿȥɫ΢΢һ䣺ÿֲħħȲϣӦǹħħɡң򡭡ƺħķ򡣡
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ȷʱ䣬ʲôɸ˵ĶߴĻٽħʳ˵ĻʱˣҲڵȥ
ħһȭ俪ĹЦǿ𣿵վ۷ǿߣҪƭǿ治ףܹôʱ䣬ҲӦ㹻˰ɡ
˵ħûм塢ߴֱתڵ
ߴŽС
ҶŴ¶ڵȥϧˣħʵôʱ䣬Ҳܹ壬һԲǻٸߣҲڶʱʶħʵĿġ
ҲֻҶ֪ħʺ͵¿ĵϸ֪ǵļƻܹѸ
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Ļλ𶼳ĬˣȻвʣЩɫħۺ죬ӿԼС
ȵõһѺɫħ˵ǿ϶ܹõһѺɫħˣһѶûеõôʵ͸Ӳˡ
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ͬһߵħʣҲܵ˺һĴûʱ̫࣬ר־ǵõĺɫħ
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ߴҲ׷һѺɫħ뿪ˡ
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Ҷ죬СЩɫħ̺֮ǿ־û۷Ϊ׾ͻᱻǷɡʱҲ˲࣬Ҷ졣
һߵħƺӦʲô˼ѹƺɫħ棬Ҳûж롣ңָԲΪʱѾ壬һҲں
Ҷõѣ־裬ҲûжټɵΪ걦䣬ǳǿѾﵽ۷徳磬ӽԲˡ


һǧʮ ѹħ
ٶȻǿ찡ͱܵˡ
Ҷ׷һѺɫħһ·Ȼ뿪ڵѺɫħٶ̫ˣգۼûӰˣҪҶʱշ򣬿¾׷ˡ
ͣסҶһ̽һâɣһֻ޴Ʊ㳯ǰѹȥ޴Ƹ˲񷡣
Ȼɫħâǣһ౶һ޴콣Ӳ˺ҶƣԶȥ
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䣡ɫħٶȱɾ޽ЯſֲƣֱҶħ롣
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ԲҲԶˣû뵽ջľȻǴ̺־ҶܵԼǿ꣬ɵһϲ


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˺ɫħҶ쿪ʼ鿴ħ֮е£Ҫ֪ħɲǾ졢Ƶģһλ֮Ƶġ
ԣȻϣ֮ͬǴںϣȴǱϣ֮һΡ
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ȻǴ֮ࡣ
֮ġҶźɫħڲ̽ȥʱһĽǰչ֡
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Ѻɫħڲһмڲ󷨽ƣ临ӳ̶ȣƱ̬ҶôҲͨ󷨣ǳΪ𣬵ǿħ磬Ҳɵñסˡ
ûмʮϰٸԪˣ̫ˡҶ漴ҡͷЦ
ʱҲ֪ѺɫħһЩϢħһ壬ڰ
һսڰɢԲŷѳ߰Ѻɫħ
ڰĽҲˣһΪߣȫֻӤʶ
򵥵˵Щħ֮еǣһЩոյȴӵо޴ġӤ
ħҶһ̤ħԶգЩǵħˣ֪䵽ֻͳǿߣǵлѣ
һ߰ħ¿һѣħһѣһѣߴһѣҶһѣӳħʧޱߵ֮С
Ժɫħڲ̺ǵǿ󣬳۷𣬷Կ⡣
Щɫħǣܵ˽Ӱ죬Ƕѡ񽣵ǿߡңֱ񣬿϶ȥЩ۷𣬻һˡ
ʱЩɫħڲںϣ֪ʲôˡ
ҵǺˣҲΪˣҵǻˣǾͻΪˡҶ찵뵽
ɫħ֮еǶڳӤǲںûǵĺûջǾڱѡеˡ
ҶԴ˺ܵģϾЩһɫħѡУǲǻһѴһһ˿֮ıԴ֮
ѡеˣٱٴǶܽ˳Ϊ𣬶ҳΪ۷𶼲⡣
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ҶЩģ˻վڵжһ
뵽Ҷ첢ûϻص޶ħ֮ȴ
û뵽ֳķߴѵǱ廹ħһ˺ɫħ
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ҶܿˣߴûɫħֻǾۼе֮ѹס˺ɫħȻЯźɫħѸ뿪ħ
ȻǵһɫħȻ鷳еĺɫħ
ϧˣһ壬嶼κβãҲǵĶ֣ǿ͵ϮһԶȥߴҶ찵ҡͷ
˵֮䣬ǿϢħڲ
Ҷתͷȥ壬е¿ħʣ뿪ħ
ߣӵõͦ죡忴ߴķһЦ漴ֿԶħ¿ǵ治ԸְҶԸ췣ۣ֮
Ǻǣ壬Ѿ̸ˡħʵȻһЦ
һԵĵ¿Ц𣿹ȻʦǸҲ԰ȺۡǺߴ֮սǲֵġ
ߣħҪΪҲ֪Ĵ㣬ȵħȻһ𣿡
忴ŵ¿һĨɱ⣬漴ֿħʣߵħʣҲҶ֪ˣŵ¿ֻҪħ硣ǣͲ¹ħ帴ʱͻһʧˡ㻹֪ʧİɣΪ帴˵·˹֮۲Żʧع鱾ԴǼŵ¿Ҳп³
ħйâһ
¿һʱˣҲħʵɫЩ仯ˣɵúȵ壬Ϊ֮Ǻ׸𣿹岢֪λãǲŻķѴ۸·˹ǣǹħȴ֪ڣԸķô۸ʦ𡣡
ȻסǣסĴ֣ùħɹôͶԹħд󹦣⹦Ҳʦͷϣ˵ḴءЦ


һǧʮ ֱ
̸Ŀĺܼ򵥣Ҫֻħʺ͵¿޷ֻǣҲħһӣ˲һģߴǣҲõĺˡ
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ȻħҲǱҲµõĿġ
ԣħҡҡͷֱת뿪
ѾָʵҪ¿ˡ
壬עΪǹħĽߺߣ¿ݺݵصһۣ׷ħȥˡ
ħʵǿ󣬵¿Ҫάסľ棬ջҪħʡ
ңڸһѺɫħ֣Ҳɵѡ
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ҶҲûϵħҺվ˽ҪΪ˴壬ǲܵġõһѴʵǣҲһˡ
ϧҶԽ㲻࣬޷ȫӳѺɫħһʱ䣬Ҫúñչزһ½ˡЦ˵
εõɫħȻܸˡ
˵գڴؿҶ죬ЦѣأҲõһѺɫħɣ
ȻҶЦЦ˵㻹ǵý޳ɣռһֱչ׼ħٿһλ۷𡣡
ѽǸ䣬ʱ㣬޳СڹҲ̤𾳽˰ɡ츳ȵħ磬ﵽ۷ЩѶȣǳΪڵӦòѡ˵ͷ
˵޳ͽء
ҶЦڵټռԼħҲԶһ۷ˡ
˵ʲôʱаշӳԲĹ㲻׼ȥһ𣿡ʵ
Ҷ漴޶壬˵·˹ָ㣬ҵĽܿ죬һٸԪҾа̤۷𾳽磬ʱӦþͿƾϣ֮ӳԲĹˡ
û뵽޶ȻܣҪѧʮ˷ħ֣Ҳҵһп
ҪҲȥ޶һˣ·˹Ҳָһ¡ҶͻȻ۾һ˵
ҡҡͷЦҿľ磬ֻ֮һ֮ң·˹Ҳǿ˶٣޷ָҡң޷ֻҪܹϾ֮ܽ磬һ˭ﲻҡ
˵գ˵Լ޶ɣھ磬кܴĽռ䡣ңʱշ·˹ָ֮㣬ܱԼҪǿˡȥ򽣵ȡӳɫħȫʲôʱ۷𾳽磬ϵҡ
ðɣҶ˵ͷ漴ʵħô
Գȷһ⣬ħ֮ЯŸһ˿Դͳλ۷ٿԱȼ¿ǿߣӰܴ󣬲Ҳδزվһߡԣ׼ȥѰңһ˺ħںϣʱڿ϶ᱬ˵ʵ׾ͻֵᷢġ
ߴҲ϶ô룬Ҫ֮ǰҵǣռȨѡߴһǾ͵ǰǡҶħӰ֣ɲȻһЩ
ҲЩ˵ͷ漴ֱ
Ҷص޶ħеļ䴫еķȻְѺɫħ˽ȥ
·˹һѾץס˺ɫħеħпּڰˣ˵ҲᣬȻҴɢû뵽ֵܹôǼҪǿˡ
ǰһ߰ħһõѣߴһõһѣѱ¿ħʵõħѾָԲʵʧҶ˿Ѿõ˱崫ļ䣬ʱ֪ħз飬˵
·˹Ե˵ͷ˵ǸħҪָʵֻеõ֮ĲѪ⣬һǸĲУȥħĿģڰ⣬ΪǲĲѪˡ
ǰһѵĽ츳ܸߣռ֪ǰûһЩڽı䣿Ҷ첻ɵʵ
ռ֮·˹Ը̾λѵ츳Ҳܸ߰ɣϧǲ֪ռ֮ǿ֮ԽԽѲѡЩǿ֮ġ
ǰָ㣡Ҷԣæ˵ЩԷȻ֪ԶҪöࡣ


һǧʮһ տʼ
̸ʲôָ㣬ԼܲµóԽǿĵͻƿҲԽѡ˵ʱշҪ֮磬ǾԶһҪѶˡȻǿĵһͻƣôӵеʵҲԽ
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Ҷ˵ͷȻףҲΪʲôռԵʣҪӵгԽ˵ǿ
ѣǾȥŬ˷
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·˹֮磬ռҲ֮ĵزʱ㻹Ҫһǧ֮һδܹȫǿ֮˾͸ˣֻвͣսԼĵʱҲ˵ĵǧ
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ϾȻѾվ۷壬ǵ֮߳ǾǴĿʼ
ͺñݴ½ﵽ۷֮һ
·˹΢΢ЦСĵǲ֮ͣûн֮ˡ
ٺ٣ҶڨڨһЦĺܺ档
ϾЩܣ·˹֪Ļ棬Ҳֻ췣֪֮ˡ
ȻҶ첻ȥѯ췣ۣ֮˼ҶҪɱء
ǺǣС˵츳ᳬԽҵģұ˵˵ľ绮ְɡ
·˹˵ʵﵽ𾳽磬Ϳڻ֮ˣµ飬ֻܴ֮СȻڻֻ֮͵ƣּߺڻСԣ֮У˶ֻдﵽ֮磬硣
Ҷ֪ʵΪ֮ڻ֮ҲΣյġ
̫ˣһ籾һ޴ܣû֪֮ʲôʱпһЩΣ
Ȼռ˵ڻ֮оųɵļʻֻһɵļʻš
Ϊ֮ôڻܹ֮סļʾ߳ˡ
ټһۣôʾͻ˾ųˡ
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۵ļ۸һ֮ǳеģٲҲ˴׬ȡԻֻҪ֮۵ġ
ȻҶЩǳΪ֮ҲӵۣȥһЩǿС
֮ǿȻǿ󣬵ʵֻǿʼѡ
·˹Ҷ죬֮֮̾ϣߡǿߵȾ硣ղ˵ǸУǹħһλǿߣʵѾվ۷ˡ
Ҷ΢΢ЦҪ·˹֪Լܾһλǿͽ֪ʲô飿
ֻ·˹˵һ˵һ֮Ҫ磬ǾҪղ˵ǧǾˣǿҪ
磬ܹΪǾһǿˡʱֻҪǿУ԰Ȼңˡ
·˹˵ʱЩĽҪľ磬ŻðѰȻ档
ܹΪߣôϲ㣬ԳưһˣһЩ׵ˣվڻеĸ߲ˡ
ǿߣǾ̫ϡˣ磬Ҳʮ˶ѣǶվ˻۷塣
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ǰأ۵ʲô磿Ҷ첻ɵʵõ۵ӡǣȻ֪۵ǿ󣬵ǲ֪ǿʲôز
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·˹ɫһ䣬漴ϸ˵ѾԽǿߵľ磬ҲֻһЩ˵˵ﵽ˽磬˵һֻ˴۾磬ȻЩѾ޴ӿ֤ˡ
ۣǿߺľ𣿡ҶЩ𺳣û뵽֮Ȼôླ磬ѹ·˹˵ﵽ֮磬ֻǿʼѡ
·˹ͷǿ֮ǽ磬ҪԲУǿߣ磬Ҳǻʯһ㣬֪˶ϹŶָǶû֪˭


һǧʮ ħ
󷨵У·˹ϸҶ֮Ļ֡
ڴ磬ǾǴ˵Ӧ˵̸ϣûʷ˳Ϊ۵ġ
·˹ҡͷ̾磬ӦֻһƲ⣬ǲǵۣû֪ǿߣǹҲΨһɡ
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䣡
һը˶оϣ۾ҫ۵Ĺâ̵ۡ


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ٺ٣ɫħȻҲҪճ̶ȡҶС˵ĵ̫ǿˣܹǱϣ֮ӳǿǣΪͺɫħıԴҲȫӳɫħ壬һûֱԴҲǽǿߣԷӳɫħħЦ
¿ʱȻ򣺡ѹղûжúɫħԭǻûгպɫħ
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ⷽô꣬мԲ
˵ָԲᳬˡ
ڵ¿Ȼʹﵽ۷壬Թħ壬ҪԲ磬ͬǳѡ

ħʺ͵¿ǱչʱҶһŷ˵һ߷
壬Ҳ̫صˣʵôǿȻƭصҹҫ𣿡Ҷ쿴壬һ
ʵҪһɣ׵ˡ
ǺǣЦⲻǵߴû֪ܲߴȻֻ۷徳磬췣ܱ֮Բʵʱ߸Բټħĵġ
ʲôҶ𾪵߸ȻԱԲ
Ѿﵽ۷弫ޣǿԹͨ췣ۣ֮ħ磬췣֮ҲܽһӵԲڵʵȻħʣˣҾͨħ󣬿Խ߸˵һҲСﰡ
СˣҶЩļ£Щħûߴ𣬷·һˡ
Ҫﵽ۷徳磬ʵﲻ塣Ҷ찵뵽
˵ħһѣشʹҪչһʱ䣬ҲԳûչأʵ
ãҶ˵ͷ漴Ȳػ޶չˡ
ħʵһսټϵϤߴʵսҶ챶ѹȲҪ۷塣


һǧʮ ½
ٸԪȻš
ɽҶһ漴˫
޶Ҷ챾һ΢΢˫ۡ
󷨵УҶķҲ۾
棬·˹ЦݵؿҶ죬̾츳Ȼʱշĺܿ죬ϲ㣬̤۷徳ˡ
ٸԪǱޣҶʱշͻƣҲ֮ﵽ۷𾳽硣
Ҫлǰָ㣡Ҷ·˹һ񣬲ܹʲôĿģ·˹ٸԪĽ̵֮ǳм
˵û·˹ָ㣬ƾҶԼǿ¾ٹǧԪҲﵽ۷𾳽硣
Ͼʱշǵһγ֣Ҳһ㲻ûһ¼
һжֻܿҶԼ
Ķӻ£Ҷ컹ô̵ʱͻƣ·˹ָǷֲġ
·˹ָ㣬ҶҪͷԣֻҪͰһ·ûߣˮһͻˡ
ٶԪָܹҲָģֻԼˡ·˹Ҷ죬Щź˵ϧվֻһ֮ʱշҲָֻ㵽ˡǹ磬츳һԹۿЩʱշһǰǴĹºܴܿﵽԲ֮硣
ǰܹҵһѾܸмˡҶ˵
ڹЩȻܿҲ֪ЩԼԵ
ˣȥɣħѨһ㿴ãʲôʱ֮磬շ·˹˵Ҳ֪ҶҪ뿪ˡ
ȻҶԣ漴ǡ
ټڴ˵أΪѾ߰ٶԪˣǳΪҲٶԪˡ
Ҳ˵İٸԪħĴԼǿߣҪˡ
óȥˣһҪڹħ֮ǰ췣ۣ֮Ҷ찵뵽
漴ҶԼķ뿪޶

һϥһĵصһ˿˿Ϣ𽥴
һ˵򣬷ĻӴɢϢԻϵˡ
ҶڴˣͻϳͽܱڤԨ
ھҶֵָõҶһŲ֮⣬ڤԨչǱٶԪʱڳں˹ͺڰ𾳽硣
ң֮Ѿת˾ųɣͿҪȫתɹˡ
ʣһµ𣬽Ҫˡ
Ϣ޷أһ˿˿ϢѸٳ˷ϯȥ
ףȻˣ
˵زԶһϣʱɳһӰ۾ڤԨչ֮صķ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ǵӣ۵Ĵӡ
Դħʵõ壬ָԲʵ֮󣬾ͲǺܿЩˡ
ĺ𣬶ħʰѾħɳȥѹһ
ȻһǴħвǺҪˣԲɳȥ
ħµ۷ȴȻħǣħҡ
ԴˣҲ⣬ܹŴܳΪһѾˡ
ֵܶӣǾ硣
û뵽ҵ֮оȻһµ𣬿ܲܽշҵҲǿһЩӵһ漴ͳűڤԨķ˺ѿռɹȥ
־磬Ҳֻͬﵽεǿߣء

ͬʱո뿪޶Ҷ죬ҲӦϲؿڤԨչصķ
ͽͻˣҶӦڤڤ֮еһɵĲʱϲ
뱱ڤԨֱʱҶ쵣ıڤԨİȫڱڤԨһӡǣֻҪڤԨвӡǾͻԶӶڤԨɱˡ
Щ걱ڤԨһֱ˳˳ˮûΣգҲûжɵӡǡ
ʱҶͨɵӡǣŸܵڤԨĽ
û뵽ҽ۷徳磬ҵͽҲ̤𾳽磬˫ϲŰҶ첻ɵùЦ
ͬʱҶҲûмȥ壬׼ȥԼͽ
ͽҲ̫³çˣһ𾳽磬Ϣ϶޷أΧǿ߶ܸӦĵҪԻǾˡ
ҶͬʱҲֱܽӶʱշ·
аûıڤԨ
Ҫ֪ħ磬𵽴ǣɲߴͿԽ𣬸ıı
ħ磬û˻Ļ½ǷǳΣյġ
ԣǱˣ϶һһߴһڤԨҸطͻơ


һǧʮ Ƽ
ţ½𣬾ﵹǲԶһӰһŻ֮д֮УűڤԨչ֮ظȥ
ţ½𣬲һģѵӪһ𣿡һߣüĿԭһѧ飬תۼ̤նʧʡ
ѧһѧԱȫһĻˡ
ϡʦˣѧԱš
Ϊһ˵硣
űڤԨϢϯȥԽԽʼˣ׷׳Ϲ
񣬻ҪôǱħʺ͵¿շģҪôԭħʴӳġ
½ϢѾ֪ͨ˵¿ΪħڱػָԴ鶼ǽ¿
¿Ҳչ˺ܾãǸҲͻƵԲ
Բô̤ģôҲֻһˡ
ħʣҲΪԴڹħ֮ǿԼԲģʵܶࡣ
ұһ֣ҲûзͻƵԲ硣ħһУ¿ɫǳŭ
˵ҲûͻƵԲķһֻԼ򣬾һ
Ϊ̫ͼˣһ֮ûе
磬֮ǣиǿߡǿ߶ˣôͻƵԲķҲͱоˡ
ͺñǰݴ½ʱҶǧŽ񾳽磬ڣʱͳһǿߡ
磬˵ͻƵԲˣͻƵ֮磬Ҳзġ
ȻͬѣܱһͷûҪá
ЩطҲǳ󣬶Ǹϲصıܴġ
ħ֮ͻƵԲط£µ¿ĵӣģºܴĹͲŻ衣
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ֻܰħˣʱ浮֮й˵ͻƵԲطˣͻƵ֮طҶӵˡ
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ԣ¿ôľѾһ˼άߴһƽ⡣
ӮˣӮˣһ򵽻һ֮磬ʱܴ뿪˵ˡ
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췣֪֮ͨô꣬˭֪Ƿɹˣ¿Ҷġ
ԣֻѡά˫ƽ⣬ֻİٸԪħҪˡ
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µϣûȤͲһˡ
Ҫ֪ħֻҪ𣬾ܷӳµԣ¿Ƿǳġ
Ϊ˷ֹⷢ¿һˣǸطħҲԶɱ¿ӵħǵġ
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ʱߴһһǣҲˣ׷ǲǿ߸
һʱ䣬ʮλڤԨıչ֮ء
ڤԨ֪ԼǳôĶˣΪڽĹͷڱںϵǵŲ֮ⱬһɿµܣֹڣֱӿ뵽ڡ
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ʦ͸ҵĵʲôȻôڤԨһĻɵ־ϲ
ڶҶͶˣ˵ûŲ֮⣬Ҷָ㣬Ҫ뵽𾳽Ҳѣôͳɹˡ
Ų֮İǳ


һǧʮ 
Ų֮˴ã˵ڤԨˣҶ֪ˣҲ𾪲ѣΪҲ֪Ų֮ľá
ҶҲиܣԼܹô۷壬ںϵһ˵Ų֮Ѳ˹ϵ
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ڱڤԨڴ֮ʱʱһȻһ
漴ڤԨͷӦˣɵþϲʦ𣡡
˭ôððʧʧģϢй򣬶кܶչ֮ظˡЩ˵УѱûһЩаǹؼʱ̣ǴŵСǳûȡĻԵǾˡҶ
ô죿ʦ𣡡ڤԨһҲʱˣ֮ǰͻƵ𾳽磬ûô࣬Ҷ첻ڣҲûѯʡ
ҶһᣬڤԨҲ֪ԼΣˡ
ʱɲݰš
𼱣Ѿȥˣ㻹ǵ͸һӡ̺ȫһǿ۷һѾ̤𾳽磬һ㣬ҵһ߷ȻƵģǵӡǵǳǿȫƳһڵķػҸϵˡҶæ˵
ǸƷһǽڤԨ֣ҶҲǵһʹãȻϲҲЩ
£ҶѱڤԨСĽʼƷ
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ʦ𣡡ڤԨԽһ
ҶЦһ漴˵ˣת֮塣
˵գҶ̤նֱϥ֮У俴ŲԶһɹǿϢ
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ͬʱЩǣҲҶĴڡ
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ЩǣҲҶ⡰ڡϢһЩС𣬶ʱתˡ
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Ҷཻ֣һҲԭշλѣǿԼȻҶֵͽܣҾͰһˡӿЦ
ڴ̹棬Ҷ췴͵ص˵ͷ漴Ȱ˵ӣҵҲһԵ֣ϣ㻹Ǿħʺ͵¿ǣǴһ𣬲ʲôýġ


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ҶĻһ˿漴ҡҡͷ̾Ҷ֣֪ĺ⣬վ磬ˡ⣬ħʶжûҳˡңܹõҲǿħʵİ
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ǹħ˵սһɣҶ˵߲㣬Ѿвˡ
治ˡ¿ɱؿҶ졣


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𣿡ҶһȻ˶ҫ۵Ľ⣬һǿϢȻϱͬʱ߶ʮ˷ħ֣һǿһɫ壬Ƭնסˣʱ䶼ֹͣһж˽ֹ
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Զôڹۿһս¿һ۷ԸһڵƵóһǾ̫ˣһսӮˣҲᱻ˳Цģĵ¿Ų顣
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Ҷ죡棬¿ɫ۾Ҷ죬ٿ˿ԱߵıڤԨɫѿˣû뵽һͽܶˣǲ򵥰
ҶԹЦܹһͽܣȻˡ
ô𰡡ڤԨվҶԣɨӳȥʱԶսЩǣһΪԼǿĶ࣬жʱһ
ԭڤԨڽ֮󣬻һ¶ĸоܾԼ޵ˣһԼСĵΪ
ߵҶ󣬱ڤԨͷ࣬ɫ¶һ˿Цݣԭʦжڶġ
ڷǳҵʦҶ죬Ҳнĳɾˡ
۷𣡡ͬʱ¿ҲҶʵΪʱͫһš
ǷǳҶͣô̵ʱڣܹΪѾǳǿˣȻܳ嵽۷𾳽磬磬Ҳӡ


һǧʮ ȴԲĹ
һ۷徳磬־磬Ըͬˣ߸ϣ
ϵľ磬ȻҲѴﵽ
Թܹﵽ𾳽ˣһеţе
ﵽ𾳽֮ҪÿһǸϼѣҪ޾ȥۡ
Ҷ̶̲һǧԪڣһ·嵽۷徳磬磬еġ
Ӧ˵ûС
磬ȻһǧԪڴﵽ𾳽磬Ҳʹ˿Բٿʱ˵ȻֻһǧԪʵѾʱжȹǧԪ
ħûУ¿֪漴һЩٿʱĶҲֻܲٿһ㣬ҶӼٸԪʱѣˣҶĳɾҲ̫ˡ
ӲͨڰħϧԸҹħ壬Ǿֻˡ¿ҶĿ֮Уһ˿壬ɱ⡣
ƺܵ˵¿ɱ⣬ҶһԵıڤԨ˵˺һ㣬Ϊʦռϣĵ򡣡
ǣʦ𣡡ڤԨԶʱϲѣռǿǿĵһֱѾãȻѾ޷ռˣҲԴвһЩõĶԼĹⰵô
ңܹۿλ۷ս½Ҳá
Ҷ죬û뵽Ȼ̤۷徳磬ңѾָ۷ΪҸһһոս۷Ҳж
ˣǵ¿ҶĿ⣬ȴޱء
۷ǿɲôɱģ֪ҶҲһ
˵ʵûһա
¿Ѿ֪ͨħˡ
ħʣҶ䣬СѾ̤۷𾳽磬Ϲ֣Ӧÿɱ¿ħʴѶ
ħһʱӱչ𾪵Сӽ۷𾳽磿
ɫʱһ䡣
۷ԲںҶ츳̹ҶҲһͬ۷𾳽磬Ҷ±ȵ¿ҪǿһЩ˵Ҷ컹ſƹħĹʮ˷ħˡ
뵽ħϴѶ¿㾡סϸ
¿ԣѾóɫħ俴Ҷ죺Ҷ죬óϣ֮ɣĵҵĽ
Ǻǣҿռأҿû˵Ҷ쳰ЦҲûд⣬ȡϣ֮һɿֲĵ⣬ʱϯء
ȻǴ
һѵ
ôܣ
ԶЩսǣһαˡ
ͬʱиӺҶˡ
ʱ¿ѾҶˡ
һֱȫɫħϣ֮֮нסˣ˭Ҳκβ˭Ҷ߶ʮ˷ħ֣ѹŵ¿ռϷ硣
ɶ񣡡¿ʹޣʹⴴʮ˷ħֵĹǿߣ˵еĹħˣʹʮ˷ħֵĹǿߡ
Ҫ֪ǰ͹ħϣǶǹħǿ߸һġ
ڣʮ˷ħ֮󣬹ȴռϷ磬ùħǿ߱ѡ
ڣͬ۷ΪҶǿһЩȴҶʮ˷ħѹƣǿֵֻ̫ܵˡ
ܣԼƵĴôܱȵʦƵĴ¿ϵش߶ɫħҶʮ˷ħѹƣֻȥԸҶˡ
ǣû뵽ǣĺɫħҲҶϣ֮ѹƵġ
ʵţҪ֪Ҷϣ֮ƵģͨԼɡǵ¿ĺɫħǴһзѳģһλ֮ƳɹģӦøǿһŶԡ
ߣѾ˵ˣĽ̫ˣռܹӳҶЦǿռţϣ֮ӳƥܡ
һ˲䣬ħϿյϣϣ֮ĵˡ
⡭ԲĹ¿һĻɵ𺳡
ҶĹȻﵽԲ磬ʵš
ܣҵס¿ˣʵڲһĻȫ߶ɫħֵϣ֮ĵ档
ҶЦţս߶˼ޣôռһ𱬷Լϣ֮ںϹͨױȵĹ
Ƭس飬ϱʱռҡ
ԶЩսǣҲһȻˣ±ǣȥ
ԲĹ̫ˣֱԴݻһ硣


һǧʮ 仯
֮ϵУһ˺Ѳռ䣬Ƭصʱգһɿֲݺݵغڵ¿ϡ
¿ϱˣΰɫҰססɫħ˫֣ڲĺܴ
ҶĹѾﵽԲּĹ񵱳һԿģֻɫħǿֵҲ֧Ųסˡ
ѣ¿ֻѸٺˣ˵أҶ롣
Ҷûȥ׷Ϊ֪Լ¿಻󣬶ʱɱ˶ԷħѾˡ
ǵģҶѾܵħǿϢˣϾǰǿϢ޷ڸǡ
Ҷ첢ûη壬ѾӵԲ𹥻ټʱշħʸκβ
Ҷʱֻ俴Զĵ¿ָǰΪ㣬Ҳˣʧ
Ҷ죡¿ҧгݣߺޡ
ԶһЩս𣬲ɵóĬˡ
¿
ôܣ
¿ڿǵԵܻߴǿߣħ磬Ҳħˡ
ǿߣ˵
ֻ˵Ҷ̫ǿˡ
˵˭ôǰû˵
֪̫İˣϢδֹ
¿ղ˵Ҷ죬ȷһİ֡

ԶЩս۷׷ףҶĿж˼ɵ
ܹӳԲĹǾԿɱǣ۷ǿߣǵȻɵѡ
Բ
ڤԨҲɴ۾ţû뵽ҶʵôǿѾվ۷壬ʵ̫ˡ
ԭʦôڤԨԼѡ
Ҷһս֣һ쳹ħ磬һ֪
Զĵ¿۾Ҷ죬ɭҶ죬ҳСˣħѾˣȻڴ˵أǲ֪
֪ҪңҸʱ䣬ȵħʵħǷκεҡҶ˵ţһ޵еϢȻȻɢϯա
ݴ½ҶҴһ·ߵûб˻ܹһΣһ·޵Уɵ޵־Ѿﵽ޷ĵز
޵е־ԶеЩǣҲһľеһޱȾ޴ѹ
¿ҲЩĲ֪Ҷڴѳɣǿߣ˭Ҳ޾塣¿ȻӲߵԲѣҵҪǷЦó
ħʣȻˣǾͳɣҶû¿ǿԶգ˵
¿һ㶡
ڴʱһЦҶķ
һ̣ħǸߴΰӰ̤ն֮ⷽС
Ҷ죬þòԽԽˡò˵ǱʼţͣҲȲ㡣ħʹЦһ˫ڵħ˵ĹâҶ졣
ͬʱһԲƣҶֶ
ħһѹˣȻǵ¿̫ܵˣЩ𾪣̽Ҷ죬ȻĶ
ߣ
Ҷ޾ħʵѹңͬڰеյƣ貵⣬ǰһƬնˡ
˼ħʵͺһ΢΢һϸһ˿֮ɫ
СҶˡ
ʱҶ죬۷״̬ǿ꣬ħԲѹ֮£Ȼʵı仯ʼˡ
ûᣡҶӦһĻ۾ʱһڵӣԽϵҲԽԽǿˡ
ȻʵѹԼħʴһæƣɲԸҶǼֱʵеΪ
ħʳƣҶҲܲһ˿ѹʱֹͣˡ
ϧˣҶ俴ħʣһɷŭôõĻᣬħʸˡ
оĵղŵһɹô걦ͻһ̤㡰һ硣
걦еһ磬һɣôһԲ걦ĸ깥ͷҲܹʩչǿ״̬
һ˿һ̤ġҶҲûжźķ仯Ѿҵͻ걦ĵ·ѾĻԵˡ
Ҷ죬û뵽㾹ȻԴﵽһʱ̫ˣ̤Բˣ¿ûҵ·Ȼǰˡħʴ˿̽Ҷ죬ޱء
ΪղţԴҶϸܵһ˿ԲϢҶʱ̫̣̫٣ղҶѾԽԲˡ


һǧʮ 
۷𾳽磬Բ磬˵ԶҲ˵Զ
ҪԲһҶ·һҪ¿ûҶ·һֱ۷𾳽硣
ڶǻۡ
ҶղžҶ·ˣϧĻ̫ˣŸոս۷𾳽磬̻޷̤Բ硣
ҶѾҶ·ˣֻҪ۹ˣ̤Բ硣
ˣħʲŻ̾Ҷ츳
Զĵ¿һĽʺˣŬô꣬תޣȻҶ󱲣ʵ̫ˡ
츳ٸߣҪ㹻ĵ̣ҲҪܳʱ䣬ϧǹħûǸʱȥˡ
¿вɵֻ뵽
ˣ¿ҶĿУҲ˼ʡǴħʣħʣ֣ɱ壬Ҳ֮
ãħɱⱬ䣬ȻǴ֮һ⣬֮ܽ磬ʱҪɱ֮õ
⣬֮뿪˴˵أôȵħҲûкùӳԡ
ɱ
ûٶԥħչԲ޵ƣΪһϵ̫ħʣӴħӰҶɱȥ
¡¡ܵڻζħ綼
Բ𣬾̧֮䶼ӵ޵е˺ħĽڡֲֿĹ಻ĺˣǰҶû
䣡
Ҷ˫ⱬ䣬ܵ˾޴вɵȫ߶еϣ֮ͬʱʱշʹױȵ
֮Уʱռ䶼ϣ֮ƿһâ·ʼٵһ㣬նƻأħʵĹмӲп
ͬԲĹҶߵռ;ƥòԶħ𾪲ѡ
ɣ
¿ħʲסҶ֮ʣӺ͵Ϯ
޳ܣԶڤԨɵŭ
սǣҲ¶֮ɫħʺ͵¿𣬼վħ۷壬ɱҲˣȻ͵ϮֱǶ档
ΪɱҶ죬¿ܲôֻ࣬ҪħôˣʱͶǹħū
һȺū뷨¿ں
Ȼܣ
Ҷ죬ڣܹɱһڰħľţ磬ҵ¿Ҳǵһˡ¿͵ϮҶ죬˷ܵش
ҶЦ¿˵̫ˡ
û¿͵ϮҶȫ߶ϣ֮ǰħɱš
ڵ¿λħʲвΪԷǴԲ𣬶һһ
ϣ֮ľ棬ħѾóԼĺɫħһâƥµħ⣬Ƭն֡
ƥ棬Ҷ첻һ˿һĴ⣬ֳϣ֮ȫӦС
ڵ¿͵ϮҶģΪ֮УһȫںɫӰȻֳ֣ͬһɫħɵػ˵¿
ˣɫӰûɱ¿Ѻɫħŵʩչռһ˺ħĽڣ¿ɳȥ
˭¿ֵؽеǰˣȻҲ˺ħĽڣⲻǺҶһҲܷӳԲĹ
ʲôʱֲεǿߣ洦ɼˡ
ԶһȺҲѡ
ʶ𣿡ɫӰɢȥΧ¶һϤףؿŵ¿
ʦ𣡡ԶڤԨš
ʦħɱô
ЩսǣҲɴ۾Ϊ۾ˣҶ찡
Ҷ졭Ŀռ¿ʱˣɵ𾪣Ҷһռ֪ģϾߴҲһʱֻû뵽ҶȻǿֵزȱҲѷɫˡ
ҪǣҶķ¿Ҫǿˡ
¿жʱ˲ʣŭҲȥħȻõһѺɫħ
߰ħҵʵѵӵһ𣿡ҶЦ
̵ĻѾħܾˣֻǵȵ۷ɣ¿ҧ˵
ħһսҿħ۹ۿֻħʶûзְˡҶЦ
¿ͫһû뵽Ҷ쵱ʱҲħǣҿûаɱħʣĻҶ֣ôħʿߣ¿϶Ӳˡ
뵽¿ҶĿ⣬Խɵˡ


һǧʮ һս
֮УҶչ¶ڶѸٻ˵¿ħʱѾͣˡ
ΪټȥûնɱҶ죬Ҷһ߷Ѿնɱ¿ˡ
Ȼ¿򲻹Ҷ죬ǿߵġ
¿ѡߵĻôҶ߷һ𹥻ħʣʱħʾ͸κβҶˡ
ԣħʷǳѾûɱҶˡ
ӵǿҶ죬ħ磬ߴ֮Լ壬Ѿû˿ɱˡ
Ӵѳɣħһ̾ûж˵ֱתȥ
ԭϵ¿˶ԸҶ죬Ѿ㹻ԲˣڲûɱҶ죬һҲκβҶ죬ʲô˵ʲô
ԣħߵķǳɴࡣ
ħһߣ¿ҲҶǰһݻҶ죬⣬Ӧֻ֪ʣٸԪˣʱǶҵū
Ųھȥħɱ㡣ҶЦ
¿һʱҶ˵ˣֱ˺뿪
Ҷ壬ôɱħʣɱ¿ȴ㹻ˡ
ֻǱҶвõ¿еǳŭ
ߣŰɣҵҪ㻹Ŷã¿뿪֮ɫޱȣ˫Թ֮ɫ
һܸҶ̫ˣҶԹܶҶ켸ѾΪħˡ
ܹоĵɱҶĻºѽ֮硣

ԶЩս𿴵ħʺ͵¿뿪ˣɵ÷ǳ𺳡
ǿһλԲ𣬻һλд۷𰡣֣ȻκβҶ졣
ʣһսҶ֣Ի쳹ħ硣
˭֪һǿ۷ˡ
ʦ𣡡
ڤԨط˹ǰҶ죬˷ܡ
ôҲû뵽Լʦ𣬾Ȼǿֵز
ϾҲħʺ͵¿˿ɴ嶼κβá
ǿ֣Ȼ޷ʦ
ԭʦǿ̶ֳȣҵΪֻһ벽𣡡ڤԨЩҲЩ죬Լʵ̫ˡ
ˣҲ߰ɣҶ쳯űڤԨ˰֣漴ƳЩսһۣʹűڤԨ뿪ˡ
ûٸ
Цħʺ͵¿ˣħ磬ߴ⣬˭Ҷ죿

ħǡ
ħʺ͵¿صħ֮˵ɫǳ
ǵ¿ɫڣгԹ֮ɫ
СӾԲţ¿ҧ˵
ħƳ˵¿һۣȻ֪ҶѾΪ¿ħ
£ħʵҡͷӴѳɣҸɱ
ǲУ˿ԡ¿ҧ̧ͷħʣɭߴҾͲɱ
أῴɱħߵ
ֻҪֿ죬ҲӦ¿Ц
Ͳˣʱ򣬼ңҲ㡣ħ˵
ǾͼߴһʱǺֻҪάסƽľˡϾֻʣٸԪˣȵǹħһ˵һСС壬ʮٸ壬Ҳֻ·һʱ飬ǹħū¿Ц
̫Сߴˣǿɲװױõġħҡҡͷõ¿ļƻϾߴ嶷ô꣬ᱻ¿á
ߴֻǻ۵Ļͱˡ
¿ȴǳԼļƻ֮У˷ܵҶвҲᣬߴҲоâ̱һͬҵļƻ
ǾߴɣֻһǾ峹ΪˣҪñɱ׼ħ˵
¿ʱһ壬һεħ֮սѾǳηͼɵˡ뵽Ҷ죬ҧҧҪɱҶ죡
û취ҶѾΪħɱҶ죬ԵԲ硣
ħҡҡͷûж˵ʵԱ޾塣ȵٸԪ֮󣬹ħҲǰħ硣
ã¿Ҳһˡ


ߴһãһɫޱȡ
Ѿ֪Ҷħʡ¿һսϢˡ
Ͼֵ̫ˣħĸһʱ֪ˡ
Ҷ죬ߴ𲢲İΪǵ߲ŮԸҶ죬ʧˡ
û뵽ǱȻôֽ̫ˣٹЩ꣬ǵڶ塣ɱ˵
ԣ˼
Ǿǰ֣Ŷɱҡ֮С
ҶѾҡ֮еţѾɳ۷ǿˡ
߸֣ҲҪļƻһ


һǧʮ 
ħʺ͵¿֮ҶñڤԨĿռȥıϵ壬Լڶһϼ档
һŷû飬ʵǿķˣҲʥ硣
Ҷ㽵һ˵ĳǳУȻһҾ¥ڿλ£漴ĵȴ塣
λӣԵʲô¥Сʮ߰꣬һ˫ڵӣȴ޾䣬һ˵Ŀ⣬һ˪Ŀ⡣
ҶСһۣ漴ЦǾ¥õĲ˺õľ
ӣ㵱ҪˣСԭƽĿ⣬ʱһƺüʼǰҶ졣
С˵ӣǾ¥õĲһһ˵һȫϯ磬һ˳ԵǾ¥õľƣÿֻʮ˾ƺųͨһ촽ˡ
ϣҶ쵭Ц
СһҶ죬漴˵ͷǰȥ̨Ϣˡ
ûãһλλŮ߶ŲȣСİ£ڷҶǰϡ
ӣ˲лХɽ֣óͻ⣬ȡټõѩɽ񣬾İƳɹÿһˣСϸҶţǳ
ҶЩ˵ĲȲ̫⣬ֱӸԼһЦ˵˾ƺųƿ񣬲֪ǲģ
һԵС۾ʱҶ죬һ߿˵˵Цˣ½ѾܾûеˣǿĴҲֻʥû취ȷǷʥȹ˾ƣ
أҲܺɣҶӣЦЦؿС˵
Сͫһ漴ȻЦ˵Цˣֲʥôܺ𡣶ңҲȲ˾ơ
Ҳԣڵ㣬ȷʥˡҶԵ˵ͷһЦ
Сԣɫһ䣬ȴûгֻǽҶ졣
ΪҶѾеһڸˡ
þƣȷܲҶ֮۾һ΢΢̾ȷ鴫Կ飬ڷ˵Уһ־ˡ
Ҷû뵽ľƣȻﵽ̶ֳȣ⡣
ܹɺһ𣬹ӹ治С޵
Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴Сȡһӣһ˫ӣȴЦⱭҲơ
ӻп𣿡СⱭӵƣЩʵ
֣˳ԷĻҶôԼȺˣⲻǶԿ˵Ĳ
ߣôƲˣֻһ⿴ֺǶԿ˵أҶ첻׼ôõľƲ˲Ŷԡ
ǶԿأΪֲȿ˵ԼȺˡ
ƺЩìܣСɻ
ȴ֪ҶԶΪô뷨
ʱҶָԼһӶ˵ߣЦſСʵ˵һȥһ𣿡
Сɫ΢΢˵Ӳҿ͸
⻰ȴġ
ΪóҶһˣȴܹɺһ
ǺǣҶ΢΢һЦûмΪСⱭ
СҶ죬ֱҶ¿ŵľƱͫ׶ʱ𺳡
Ҷ죬ʱȻȣһⶼûС
ƲСȡĻ¾ҪǲǱ˸ˡ
Ҫ֪ʥǰҲ
Ҷ죬ȴɺƣȻȡ
̫ˡ
ԭʥ٣ˡ顣СЩп˵
ܹɵҲΪҶһˡ
ʥҶʧЦȷʵʥǺܶǰˡ
ΧķǣҶ뵽ݴ½ӣǻ
ǣҶԼһƣС𾪵ĿУһںȵĸɸɾ
⡭⡭Сɴ۾ŵؿǰҶ죬Ҳ˵ˡ
Ҷֵܣǰ˸סˡʱһˬʵ
壬κȻڶİ棬Ҳһһں꣬漴۾һЦ޵þƣѹҶֵѡط
Ҳ˺þơҶ΢΢Ц
ԱߵСӦתͷ壬۾һɣٶ¶֮ɫΪ֪ʲôʱֵġ
ôܣ
˵˭
Сʡ
һԵƳһۣҶ죬Ц˵СһӦϵǿʥ˰ɣӣȻǱ˷ӡһΪ˷ˡ
ĻСƼ˹һһš


һǧʮ ֮
Сȷʥ޵ǿߣΪһλʥشȻܵռҵİ㣬ŵһΪӡķ֮
ҶҾ¥֮ʱͷС֮ǰСЩ֮ͬЩ̽
治С֮ʱ𣬲ѣһ֮̾ɫ
ҶһҲһȻû̬¶
⡭Сȫˣ۷ʱڣҲǰˣ屭ˣһûС
ҪȡģǲǼٵˡ
Сı飬ҶЦָ˵㻹˵ң㿴ŰŴˡ
ǺǣⱭ̫СŲˬ˼𣬸оƱ̫Сֱӵһ룬һ
һԵСɴ۾š
ȣֱǰδţһȻһⶼûС
Сжʱʮͷڱڣ룬һﻹ𣿾飬Ҳ˰ɡ
㰡ǵģҲ°˼ĿɿڴСҶһ壬漴СЦ˵ҲգҲԵ֣ұһΡ
˵ţҶһָСҵĽ⣬ʱС֡
СУͷԼڵķӡɽˣ˲ͻָһʥΪңɽ⻹ڼΪһӰһʥߵĲΡ
⡭ѵǴ˵еġ񡯣ҾȻΪˣСʱ±ˣͬʱҲϲ˵
ͬʱܲһɿµٶ¡
Сһ٣Ҫɽˡ
գСæǰҶ˰ݣмлǰȥɽ٣źǰ
ȥɣҶ˰֣Ⱦơ
СæˣΪڴ˵أôپͻǳضûˡ
ʱķ˾Ҫˡ
һ㡣忴СߵıӰЦǺǵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦЩп뵱꣬Ϊ˽񣬼һܾĥѡڣһ֮䣬һ񣬰
ǺǣǱһġǸ߲ΣӵͲεĸо㾭ʱˣҲͲôпˡЦ˵ʱ̫ˣûҶȻ
ҶҡͷЦ˵Щ˱ֺγ֮ǵͲεˡ
ᵽɫҲ˵ĲҲ֮ΪˣôһӢŶŬ뿪棬׷Ѱɵ硣
ʱ䲻̫ԶˡҶЦ
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֪ԼˣһǷǳǿ飬Ҷı£Ⱳӿ϶޷ˣֻĴм

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ǻҵʱ֮Уֱͬһս񣬽Ų޾ǿգ
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˷Ĺõ޷ܣֻӲӡ
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ǸӣսˣߴҲ뾪ѣǶĲϤˣ˲ˡ
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ǿĲһ壬һ廹Ҫǿʢһ㣬ôܣ
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ҶʱһͻҲԣԳʱ֧ħս壬ôɱħˣǽشħʡ
£Ҷ첻ٶൣƬ̣ȡɫħչ۷һ俪ħĿռϡ
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ҹŭ𣬽ħս߶˼ޣֱӳ嵽֮ǰ˫ȭȫɱµǿա
֮òջĿ⣬ȫӦ壬ֲĹϺ֣ϹâɣȻͦɱ
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Զոոõߴ𣬿һĻɵþŭӣæ˲ƶ
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ô⣿ЩƣֿԶ׼Խռ뿪ħҶ죬һŪͿˡ
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ߴ־ŭȴ׷Ҷ죬ϾҶڵٶȿǳԽһԲˣԺȽϡ


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Ҷһʱ͸ܵǹϤϢɳ𣬵Ȼ˴˵ء
Ѫħ򡢶ħħ򡭡
ľϵԺ֣ת֮䣬Ѿ۷壬Ϊе۷ǿߣܺԲħʿˡ
šƺ򡣡
Ҷ΢һӦͷԼĿǰڵλˡ
ͬʱǿԲǿҲ˷ϯȥ棬ߴ򾡽֮С
ӣ仯󣡡
ΣҶһ̾΢΢ҡҡͷ
ȥ˼ٸԪߴûʲô仯Щʥǿߣˣ벽Ҳһûж
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ΪʥĲֻ࣬Ҷʥׯܡа֮ӵȵȣΪ
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ңʥŷʥ벽ڣһֱߴǿĳƺš
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ͬʱҲҶǿֲϢУܵƥ𺳡
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Ҷ𣬸ħʺ͵¿߲Ů𣬿νǰ涼ɨһ顣
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̵ͽɽʵĺܿ죬ΪСһӵг֮ģڵõСָʵѾԽʦ̣̤˵۾硣
⣬Ҷ쵱õǿҲﵽ˵۾硣
ЩѵĽҶеǳˣпʼһƻ


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ȻһǿϢǿնˡ
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С½ԳӭҶѣ˷ǳ𺳡
һλ𰡣ҶʧЩ꣬СǾֱҶ漣ʦͽܶһһѻ
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˶ЦŴкûϣȻСǵϾһ
ҲֻҶ죬Сӭˣˣ˭һλ
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Ǿŷ۾ͽˣҪܹ£ǾͷˡһŶȵضŷ۾
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ŷ۾Ѿͽˣúܶ˶Ρ
ȻҲûзȻŷ۾ͽˣǰʦŷ۾ͽܻУͽ
ɽΪΪʦõСָ㣬һλǿĵ۾ˡ

޴Ĺ֮УҶǣһͬӼŵ˺ͺѡ
ߴУһЩˮڷڴһ֮С
ƹѲħ𡢶ǱȲѯεɲǵڷҶô򵥣ҪҶ֪һЩħϢ
ΪǶѾﵽ˰벽𾳽磬棬Ҫٽһ̤𾳽磬ȴǷǳļѡ
ħ磬ΨһĻᡣ
ҶԴҲһһߺߴ˫սҲ˵ˣ֮鶼˵ˡ
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˵ҶҺħʦͽܣȻǸʦսǵΪﲻʦæ
һԵħҲ˵ͷѾȲǰħˡ
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һŷ۾ʥ۾һϲؿҶ졣
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ߴΪǴСͱ֮ǱϴˡңֻҪЭ֮֮磬ôʱҲܸ֮һǰӹĻѾѡкõĵ·
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˵Ĳһսǹˣڴʱһ
˲ɵתͷȥȴǿһӶһ޳ӰУһ񽣣񷡣
𣡡
޳
˾


һǧٰʮ ս
޳Ǹ޳ֻǴµԿóѾΪˡ
ҶԴ˲ûκξȣϾѾС֪޳ѾΪˣµֶΣټϽ޳츳ȥٸԪˣΪҲʲô
ŷ۾ʥǾͷǳˣΪڽ޳ͽ֮ǰɱǲˣΪ
Ȼת֮䣬ѾΪǿƹˡ
ٿҶ죬ٿС
ôһ˲䣬˶ԼѾˣʱˡ
ԶϷ硢ս޼а֮ӵҲЩпѣݴ½޳һȺ콾жڵ׵ģǴӽ֮󣬽޳ͽҶ쿪ʼ𣬿ʼԽǡ
񣬽޳ѾΪԶԶ˦ˡ
Ҫ˵вܣǲܡ
յսĳɾͣҲеǳˡ
ԡڵǳӡ
һûˡ˼Ҷһȥһѱס˽޳
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ȻǶ֪ҶΪˣǹȥô꣬Ҷ쵽״ﵽһǻǷǳġ
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ĸ֣ȴ׺
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޳ЦҾ֪ΪˣҲᱻԶԶ˦ļһһ㳬ԽǾԶҲ׷ˡ
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뵱ݴ½һԶҶ죬Ҷһ׷ϣȻͰԽ˦ԽԶˡ
ǻ𾳽磬ҶȴѾﵽ۷ˡ
֪Ҷ춼ܿԲˣ֪θ룿
ٺ٣ҲйֻҪһսӮˣǱ˵Ϊ𣬾ǰһҲûлᡣҶ찲ο
Ҷ⻰Ǻ⣿ԣɵȲʵ
ҲҶ죬ǶڳΪǷǳ
ʵǣλãǻĽеһС㡣ڻĽ磬棬Ҳ֪ж١ܹ߳棬һЩ߽ôΪҲкܴġ
ߣĽޱߣкܶ౦ΪаҲ֮Щ浱УܳΪ۾ʥģһ̤棬лΪߡ
Ҷ컺˵漴߽˵һ飬ΪһޱߵĻ硣
ԭȶǾ֮ܰ
ŷ۾̾
ʥҲп֡
ΪѾվ۷壬Ԫڲ֪ǶһȺ֮ܣ綼
Ҷ죬˵ɣҪô
԰ҶЩϼһֻҪеôԸһսҲϧ

ʵĿħǶսʮ㡣
Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴˻֣ڰģŲ֮ӣȻ˵ħǶ֪ɣⶫŲ֮⣬ҵڽħʱӾŲʹ֮жȡˡ
ԣڴžŲ֮⣬ϧǣŲֻ֮ҶģģʵģҲȻ
Ҷȴܽͣ˵Сһâܹ֮ôﵽ۷壬Ҳ˲Сæ
ңħһ벽ͽܣŲ֮ٸԪȥˣͳΪˡ
Ҷ˵ʱǶĿɿڴһ𾪡
ǼҶ쾹ȻһͽܣŲ֮ôֱһ
ⶫɫ𣿡޳ʵ
һ뵽߲ŮһɫΪ𣬵ȴαʵܲ
ҶҡͷЦʵˣҿԸ㣬ⶫɫͬûʲôáΪɫһԳΪ𣬵ⶫֻܰ㣬ܲܳΪ𣬻Ҫ㱾츳
λܳΪʥԼ벽ôΪҲкܴᡣ
ҶĻ˿ǿɲΪαȰ벽ǿҲޣһսУҲֻڻҶѡ
Ҷ죬׼ⶫǳΪ𣿡ʥʵ
Ҷ˵ͷλĿģȥһ˾ŲʹӣȡЩŲ֮⣬ȻһЩԸսҾͷһŲ֮⣬ǳΪ𡣡
æͷΪܹΪҲԸƴ
Ϸ硢Щݴ½콾͸Ӳ˵ˣΪΨһԳΪĻᣬǵȻ


һǧٰʮ 
֮ҶǸǲȥ׼¡ȻǱݴ½Ҷָ㡣
ѾΪСͽ޳
Ҷ磬վˣܹõָǣһЩ·
޳СãҶֻҪԼΪĸĵύԼȥˡ
ʣµˣҶ첻ҪָҪԼ𾳽ĵú͸ǣ·
ҪΪ˾Ų֮ܽ𾳽磬ǱڤԨʣŲ֮Ҳ˼ٸԪܳɹ
ɼҲǺҪġ
ߴȽ϶ӣʥŷ۾ﶼܹΪ벽ʥôǵʾԲȱڤԨ٣ǲĽǻԵѡ
Ҷ۷ǿָ㣬ǽͷǳˡ
һԪ󣬵ս޼Ϸ硢̫ɽǣͶӵ۾磬뵽ʥ硣
ȻûΪҲٵؽࡣ
ʥŷ۾Ϊ벽ǿߣܹһżˣҪȥǷǳѡ
ҶûмȥŲʹѰҾŲ֮ǣһ߷ָУ浱й
ͬǰոճΪʱ򣬴ʱԸܵĺ浱еġٵĿ޷ħȡ
ѹΪѣ
Ҷ۾˸
ʮֺף֮
֮һһеġ˷֮УԲΪ֮
˵ĵ·Ҫ˵ˣҶܵġ
̫֮˽ɣҲԿˡ
һսҶûѡ񣬶֮Ƴġ
ţǡ
ҶԽıԵ˱ӡĻ
ߴ֮İõ󷨣󷨿赲Ļȴ޷赲Ҷ졣
Ҷ챾;ͨ󷨣οվ۷壬ʵͬն
΢һʱ䣬ҶʹԽ󷨣˺ޱߵĻ
ǳĴ󣬱ߴҪö࣬Ĵ󲿷ֿռ䣬ռݡ
Ҷ쿴ޣʱշǳֱʱ֮У޷οЩûǵĻޡ
Ҷһ·Уһչŵǰ
չŵں嫵ǿ֮Уûκһͷ޸ַﻹһЩࡱ
չŵһЩϣȷһЩ࣬Щﵽ˰벽ľ硣
ЩĹĲһǾͨһ궼ǳǿڸֹ
֣Щ˵Ĺôо̥ҵ걦䣿Ҷһϡ족һóȵĽۡ
УЩ޵ʳôЩڴ˴һ˿һַ
ǰΰչŵ
̫ˡ
Ҷ첻ЩȤˣץסһʥ飬̽Էļ䣬в鿴
ʥĺܾԶʥŷ۾ͻҪһЩΪļ䵱УҶ쿴˵ߴǰȺȻ󷨷
Ǹʱʥŷ۾ǶСʥѾʥˡ
ңҶۿʥͳĴѾ޷ʱˣԼ֪Լ˶ټԪ
ʥһֱչŵҲһһֱûгȥ
ЩµĻޣҲûй²⣬ƺЩ޺ܼɵչŵ
˼ŵߴûгΪʱ򣬾ѾڴˡҶ̽ʥļ䣬𾪵Ϣ
չŵȻ˹϶Զ
Ҷ첻ɵü̽ʥļ䣬Ȼʥ󡰿ռ䡱谭
һ׺ͷƾճʥ֮УסҶ̽ǰ·
ǿϢҶɴ۾𾪵ؿǰİ׺ͷޱȡ
ҶǺεΪǿ壬ǿ׺ͷȴоԷһҲ١
꣡
ǰ׺ͷϢǿҶ춼е
Ҫ֪ҶѾﵽԲľ磬һǰ˵꣬ȴǱҪǿ󣬶ȼ֮ˡ
£Ҷԥһ˿̽˳ʥ
ǰ׺ͷ̫ˣ̽Լ㲻ҲҪشǿܻ˵꣬ʱ̣ɲϣԼˡ
ֻǣһУѾҶĺܴȤˡ


һǧٰʮ 
ǰչŵҶüͷ壬Ҫȥȴ޷ϢǱȥӦչŵ汻ĽƣӲĻܻܿҵ
Ҫ֪ǻ˷ǻޡ
ͨĻҶ첻ںЩ޵Умʮ۷ĸ۷ҪǿһЩĻޣƶӽԲˡ
ҶȻаԱһЩҲ͹һˡ
ҶоܺҪŪĻûһսо޴Ӱ졣
ҿֱһǿߣ
ҶȻ˲ԶһһΨһһ벽ɢǿơ
֮жӡҸ޷ֻ̽ѯˡҶһ߳˼һ߳ǰǿȥ
һΣûΪ˲併ϣǸ벽ǰ
˭
벽ڱչͻȻӦһǿϢ٣ʱѡ
վŵʱɫ͵һ䣬Щš
Ǵߴİɣʲô벽ҲǼᶨܿ侲ؿҶ졣
ͬʱһ޵Ҷ궼еЩѹ֡
ף
ҶԲ״Щȵؿǰİ벽漴Ц˵ȻĴ벽ܶԸһˡϧǣ۷ûãɡ
Ҷ̫ˣȻһǴ
ңȻġ
۷𣡡
벽һ漴ЦǰǺڰʱߴһֱǺƽ֪ǰ£
ǳ׷ֿˣ۷ǰʵӵдҲ۵
ڰʱࣿ
Ҷɻȴ¶Цݣ˰֣˵㲻õģҶ㲢޶⣬ֻЩѣû뵽Ƭ֮УȻҪ֪Щ޿Ǽ˾ͳ԰
ǰЩ޲ǲǣֻǲҰˣΪǺ»Ϣİ벽˵
еŵ𣿡Ҷָָգһ˵ţֻǺ棬ˣ֪ʲôأҽҶ죬ҶС
ң벽æҡͷȻҶľԶ磬ǿΪ𣬸οԷһ۷
ǰҽг塣벽漴˵
Ҷԣ˲ʯˣ⡭֡Ҳ̫˰ɡɵݸһЦʵ壬֪ղ˵ĺڰʱָʲôʱʲô
ǰȻ֪ЩȣҲҳЦҶġ֪æ͵ǰһ˵֪Ǻڰʱġ
Ҷ찵ҡͷΪٶ̫ˣԶЩ֪ŷкܶ඼֪
˵ǰ֪˵ħ壿
֪ǶѾˡҶ˵ͷ
ţҲ˵ͷ漴˵ڹħͬھһЩ͹ħѹƵȺͿʼˣǸʱڣʱ򲻽𣬶ǽ𡯣ʱڱ֮ΪʱʱĻ֮󣬱ǺڰʱˣǺڰʱǿ˴
˵Ц˵ʵǰղŲ´ˣҿûдҸղֻǽһֻ֮ѡϧʵ̫ֻܽһС֣ǰ۷𣬿ҲδܹӦѹơ
ŶҶЩ𾪵ؿǿչŵû뵽Ȼ˲
ҶȻʱкڰʱȤǸԶʱڣҲ֪ʲô顣
壬֪ʱĻǸʱڵǿѵ𣿡Ҷ첻ɵʵ
ҡҡͷ˵ǰҲ֪Ĳ࣬ϾҳʱʱѾĻܶˣҲһЩ˵ˡ˵ʱǿߡ𡯣Ϊŭյʱǿߡ
Ҷüͷһ壬𡱿ҲһԲǿ߰ɣΪҪ֮֮ű֮
ǿϧˡ
ҶЩźҪλǿ߻ţô壬Ը֮İվ͸ˡ
漴Ҷ뵽˳ᵽĺڰʱǿߡˡλҲһԲ֪Ƿ񻹻š


һǧٰʮ 
Ҷ뵽ʳ塣
忴ǿһ˿ԥ̶Щɵ˵ǰǷҲ֪ҳʱѾʧˡȴһֱڣЩ˴ӺڰʱӲдԣ˶˻ţǡ
Ǻڰʱ棬ߴʱ𣿡ҶʵЩţܺ档
ҡҡͷһʱгһ֮桯ǳʵˣջĻˡһֻأÿһʱﵽ۷ʱڣ𡣡
ҶЦ֪һж֮֡
źǣЩֵԲĵ͵Ƕһ֣Կ֮
Ҳû취ϾЩǿߵ̫֮˽⣬˽ˣҲ޷µԲǿߡ
ͬҶҲˣԲǿ̫ѵˣÿʱֻܳһ
ԲֵĻ֮Ҳôɵһһʱǿˡ
뵽Ҷ첻ɵÿеλ˻ţô֣͸аջ֮ˡ
ǣҶ쿴ʵ֪Ҫβܽ𣿡
ԿЦ֪
ҶЩź漴壬ٴУǰĻ
ϵĻ֪Ƭն£˲׺ɣǨ·һĿͣƱá
Ҷ쳢Žӽһ޵ϤϢͬʱһɺ嫵ѹ·罵٣еѹ֡
ţϤϢǡ걦䣡ҶЩ𾪣ԼԼ뵽ʲô
걦䡭ˡ
Ѳɣ걦˴ġ
뵽ҶʱЩȻˣѹλ˵ǿ󣬿¶ԷѾﵽ걦ĵ㾳硣
걦ĵ㾳磬һͻ粻塣
൱֮ǿˡ
磬ĲˣÿһѪⶼ̺꣬һ£¸
֮ǰܱסˡ
˻š
Ҷ쿴ǰĻʱĿޱȳҡ
Щ˷ܣһԲǿߣôһ͸ˡ
뵽ҶҲ˲ΣգǰĻȥһһ̤빬֮С
Ÿ޷赲Ҷ죬ǣҶĽӽǹѹҲԽԽ£޷άַУòڵ·
ÿµ
Ҷ¶֮ɫ߶ɫħ޾Ľ֣һƬ貵Ľӳǰɱȥڲ
Ҷ۷Уױױȵľâ
һ˲䣬ӿϡ
ڴʱһֻƴӻ֮ɵؾ͵ס޾ĽӣҶͣסŲ
ˣҶϬĿ⣬ͬһ㣬һӰ֡
һ׺ͷһڼүүĿͶ䣬¶顣
ϤӰҶһ漴Ȼ
걦䣬㲢Ǻڰʱ飬ʱ𣿹֮滹𣿡׺ͷ˹û¶˿ϢҶȴܵ˾޴ѹ
һʵĸǿߡ
ʱѾû䣬ʱߴʱҶ죬ҵõ걦䣬ǰҶ칪һ񣬲Σ걦ܶ࣬ǰλ걦ˣȻøм
Ǻǣܹ걦ڶ۷壬ҲοͻƵĵãϣ΢΢һЦ漴ӸҶһͷ
ҶУͷʱ壬漴¶ϲ֮ɫæٴһмлǰָ㡣
걦㣬ҶѾܾãʼҲͻƵҪ㣬ڵõ˵ĵãԼͻƵѾԶˡ
лܹͻ걦㣬ȷ֮ҲͶһ˿ϣ˸̾
ҶЦˣԿ֮ûϣʱѾһλԲǿߣ׼ʱͳ֣ǰĴڣǵϣ͸ˡ
Ŷô͵һλԲ¶֮ɫ漴ҡͷ֣λԲҲܻ֮Ҫӳ顣ߣȴȥ֮滹ûУҪڣǲлᡣ
Ҷɻ֮棿ʱԲ𣿡
˵ͷ˵ϴﵽ֮ĳ̶ȣϴﵽ֮ĳ̶ȣô֮棬ﵽ֮ĲΡǻţȵλԲ


һǧٰʮ ɱ
Ȼ֮Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣ𣿡Ҷ𾪵
֮¶ֱӶԿ֮˰ɡ
Ͼ֮ҲҪܷӳ֮
ˣ
ҡͷЦ̫ˣΪƾܶԿ֮֮ķ汾ԴӲĥˣһʬǶûʣ¡֮Ҳ˱شŸĻᡣĻҪɳûôסĹ֮棬Ҳ˶ɳҲĹ͡
֮˵ĺذҶ¶ϲɫ
ЦŵͷȻϾ֮ǰķȻش֮ˣҺ͹֮ҲýƾˣҲ޷ԿԣǾǱȺһЩԲ
ǰѵҪȥ𣿡Ҷ漴ħϢˡ
һ㶣漴¶Ц֮ɫԣħҪˣҲֻܽһսٵȴˡ
˵ţЩĵò׵ȵһ죬ȴĽٸǼʱǾԿԳɹ
ţʱҲɹġҶйâңûѡֻгɹҪǻ
Ҳգֻˡ̾˿
漴뿪˻ߴȥ
ڻڣҶָЩһǿ𼶱Ļޣ˵ǰЩεģΪλɵĻ
ٺ٣ЩԼģרڵ飬ںܾǰħˣȴʣһЩѣҵõҽĹģЦ˵
רڵ飿ΪҪˣҶʱɻˡ
Цڵˣô϶ɸ˶ΪԱֻܵޣЩ飬һȻľ
ûбİ취𣿡ҶüͷҲЩ鱻
Уֻ̾Ҫǵһ˳Ϊ֮ǾͿԴһЩ߳棬ǰĽ硣ûĴڣĸûôˡʵϣڻĽڣһЩ棬ǲʱڵġһڲﵽ𾳽磬Ҫ뿪Լڵ棬ǰĽ硣
ԭˣҶʱ˿
ЦЩޣʵΪ˶Ը֮ģΪЩ޿汾Դ֮ΨһǡϧǣûеԲʤϣ͸ˡ
ԲĻޣҶԿЦǻ˰ɣôǿĻޣǿɿƲˣʱû֮Ǹˡ
ǺǣǵǣڨڨһЦ
˵֮䣬Ѿߴ򣬴￴ߴ·ձУҶЩ档
ΪҶûעߴУӦ˵ûд￴ߴ򣬶طߴ򣬾ûЧˡ
һԵ˴˿ȴЦˣЦ÷ǳģȻҾ֪ɹˣֶΰɱһ׷ǿɱıóˡ
ЦЦţ˾Ȼ¶˵ɫ
Ҷо˵ľ仯ɵʵǰô
һλȥˣЩп̾
Ҷһ̲ס˵֮ˣ
ָǰߴ˵ߴʵǳõľɱڹ֮浱֮УҪóɱ󣬵Ϊ޷ɹɱɹˣô϶ˡ
ҶԳĬˡ
￴ߴ򣬲ܿһΪ֪֮һӻ˵ɹˣǺǡЦúܱˡ
ͼ𣿡Ҷ̲סʵ󣬶ҪͼϲУһ裬Էӳ
Уˡ˵ţóһͼҶ죬֮̾ΪģɱλԲԿ֮Կ֮Сϧ֪ڸ޷߸Բ
ôҶһ𾪡
Ѿ֮ˣȻ˵
ҶǰλԲдӦҲһλԲʣµˣ۷պϣ޷ȫӳҲ֮˰ɣϾɲ֮
ϣ˰ɣ˵ͷ˵ħ٣Ѿûѡֻѡˮһս


һǧٰʮ л
ں嫵ǿУԶߴҶ˵鶼ǺܺãϾ֮滹ŵĻôʤϣ͸һЩˡ
Ҳûջǰǰľɱڣ֮沢ûмֵˣĲƸ
ߣȥɱ󣬱Ͼȥô꣬Ҳ֪Ƿ񱣴áΣ˿˵
Ҷ˵ͷ
漴˶ͼʼһһ鿴ɱ
ò˵ֶ֮ͨ죬ĳɾʹﵽױȵľ磬ȥ£ɱȱֻҪתͼʱԴ߶
ǰͼļ¼ĺλá
Ҷ쾪ȵǣĺλþȻҲڣһһõĵط
һǿշĹ
ǵõҶǴݴ½սʱ򣬽޳һϷһռѷ죬ڽռѷ󣬿ǿߵʬ壬Ҷ˵õһϵĹõһ֮ģʵǡ
ţȻˣòǺܴ󣬷Ҫ֮ˡ˿ǿշĹڣʱüͷһ壬漴Ҷ춯޸ѷ졣
Ҷ֣ʱշϵĳɾͣ޲ռѷСһɻǣΪʲô˲֣СԲǿ˵ӦҲСһ
ϾܹΪģϲʱ䷨򣬾˿ռ䷨򣬶ַеһ֣׾ٵ޸ռѷ졣
ƺҶɻЦŽ͵㲻ͬûв´ĻӦõõ˴˵ǡȥһԼͬʱʱ䷨ռ䷨֮޷㡣ңһֵĻô֮Ͼͻ
ҶȻ漴ʵҲͬʱʱ䷨ռ䷨ûжȥһôӹ֮̽飿
ǺǣǰѾ˵ˣҪл𣬵ƴش֮ʹ֮ʱ䴦ڳ˯֮УŸҺ͹֮Ļᡣԣ˵ˣûжȥһҲͬʱʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򡣶ҴﵽԲʱ򣬾ȫȫϢֻҪǲ֣ô֮ǲܲǵġ
Ц˵
Ҷ첻ɵȻʧЦȻ³çһ£֮شˡ
˺͹֮λԲǿߣ˶
뵽Ҷ΢΢Цô˵Ҫл𣬵Ժ֮֮󣬵ð¼ú֪Ĺף
Ҫ֪϶мġ˹Ц
漴ǿշĹ
ͼָ㣬ټʵǿȻܿͷ˴˵صĲͬѰӶҵɱĺġ
ѰŤĿռ䣬ʱĽڵ㣬Ҷںڰ֮Уһ
ڸӦҶǵʱ򣬻չɢһ貵İɫâ¶ݡ
⻭һӣŭɫۣһͷڷƮӣƿ͸ߣңʱճӡ
ʣǹ֮档
ʱ貵İ׹֮УλеĹ֮ƻ˹ȻӻҶǰ
лû뵽ҵֶһȻһꡣ˿Ǹп
ҶǰĹ֮棬֪Ϊʲôλ֮ϸܵһϤϢ
ܿ죬ҶͷϢԴ
壡
Ҷ۾΢΢һУˣϣҲܵϢɵĶϢ
ɵħҽߺ϶ΪһŴﵽز
λ֮ϣҶҲܵǹɵĶϢȴûħϢ
ҶЩ棬Ī֮֮仹ЩԨԴ
Ҷ˼֮ʱǰĹ֮˵ˣǿһˣ漴ֿҶ죬ɫ΢΢Щӣ̶̾Ӧý𣿼ǵõǸʱҲͬ⣬ȴ֡ڿ㻹ǳɹˡ
ǰҳɹˣȴҲûоˣҽҶ졣Ҷ̾û뵽쵱Ҳ˵أҲ֤͹֮ĹϵƵǾǵõ˹ָ֮㡣
ɹ˾ͺã֮浭˵ͷ
óЩ˸УȻ;ĹϵͬѰʦͽĹϵҲ˵һ
ֻ񣬾컻Ҷ죬յҲɢˡ
ϼһܾˣҪһս𣿡֮濴ˣЩڴЩ̾


һǧٰʮ ָ
ҪһսˣʱǰӭŹ֮Ŀ⣬Щɬ͵ҶõϢ͹ħĴˣǵʱѾˡ
ţ飿Ϣɿ𣿡֮Щ𾪣ɵÿһԵҶ죬Ŀдһ˿ѯʡ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ЦңҴ˺ڰħùħ߲𶯣ҪΪͽûдӦѾɱˡ⣬Ѿ֪ˣѾ·ˡ
ڰħȻ˺ڰħ˻ǶȻҲܴɱ֮츳һ¥ˡ֮Ծ̾
Ҷȴ⻰еһ˼ɵþѵܹܰɣҼǵڰħֻһ˴ھŲ㰡
𣡡һԵ˲˵ҲڼھŲʱ˳ˣΪоھŲдΣʱѡˡʧܡ
֮Ҳͷܹӵ֮ò˵츳ȷ£ϧУܹǰ;
˵Ǽ˵츳ֲ˶٣֮Ͼǵδо˸
֮ûˣֻܿˡ֮濴Ҷˣ֪ܼѣ˵ǵҪѾ·ߣһսⲻˡ
ʼջѾ˹ˣкξ壿ֻҪһ˿ϣҶĿᶨ˵
һɹģҶĿҲޱȼᶨ
еĹֲ֮˶ã˾ɱеҪע󣬱ԶɢˣֻʣһʧĻ
Ҷ˶һۣ漴뿪˴˵أǰݴ½
ǰݴ½֮ʱҶһ֪ͨ˽޳ˣԵȵ˵ִݴ½󣬽޳Ѿۼڴˡ
Ҷǻһ£˵޳˶һĿɿڴ
ʥŷ۾Щǰ˵ڰʱ֪˵
ˣǷǳ𺳣Ͼλǰһʱľ嶼Ҫ
ϾʱȻ޵еģٻߴˡ
ںڰʱ˾Ǵ޵֣Ϊʱ֮ڲʱس˯޷˼ˡֱ֮ƽָ࣬˸оΣ֮
һ˶ǳ𾴡
ҶЦŶ˵ˣߴʵǿһϣ̤𾳽磬Իָһ
Բ÷ĿһֱڴСͽ޳ˣֱҶĻſ˵λ𣬵츳˵ãϧΪɳʱޣδػǲ١
˹ˡ
޳Сǳǫ飬ϾǰλǰǱҶ컹ҪǿĴڣѾվ۷塣
Ǻǣܹҿ佱ģӺڰʱҲʮˡ΢΢Ц漴ʥŷ۾ˣҡҡͷ˵Ȼа벽֮ңҪ벽¶ʱںѡ
ЩСһȻʵǣʤ츳ȴЩܳΪ𡣡˵ָֻ̫𣬻ɽа֮Щˡ
Ļشʥ˷ǳй
ʥŷ۾𡢶˶̹ȻҲ͵ȻΨħЩˡ
ħˣֱ˵ˣҳ츳һҪǰһǷǳѵģ츳ٸߣҲҪʱۣʱڿ±ǸѳΪ𡣡
㲻𣿡
˿ħ𣬷·֪ħ˼жʱͶһĨصЦݣǰͰȷڶʱڳΪ𣬲ȴһ취Խʡһʱ䡣
Ҷ۾һ
ֻ̫а֮ҲϲʥҲЩ⶯
ħüͷ˵ˣİ취ѵ𣿡
΢΢ЦȻҲǣ취ֻ츳ԽǿˣЧԽã츳ǲһЩ
ˣ⾿ʲô취ħ̲סʵ
ҶʱҲʵˣҲЩ棬֪ʲô취ǳΪʱ䡣˵ģʱշӳʱ䣬Ҳǳɾ𡣡
ҵİ취㲻ͬΨﵽ֮ľ磬ܹɡ΢΢Ц
꣬ǿֶΣ棬˱𡢹֮桢廹ҪǿĶࡣ


һǧٰʮ ̼Ǳ
꣬صġ
ҶҲ걦䣬Ҿ۷ĵҲֻ벽֮ңǳ
ﵽ֮ε꣬˭Ҳ֪ӵʲôҶڴؿˡ
ЦŶҶ˵֪һ˵츳ԴʲôʵԴǵ꣬ν츳Ϊÿһ굮ʱ츳Ҳ֮Ӧ˶ˡ֡츳ǵǵ°빦ӶΪǿеġš
ԵͷЩ⡣
˼˵ǣһ˵츳Ҫȫھ⼸ǲܵģΪǿǵ츳Ҳǿһ츳ӣֻÿ츳ǿһѡ
΢΢һЦָСͽ޳ȻıУ˵ǵ츳ʵҶ٣ǶԼ츳ĿҶ죬˵ҶԼ츳ˣôȴԼ츳һɶңȴ̼֮ǵǱھԼ츳ܹھ٣ҪԼ츳ǿˡ
۾һôһ˵Ǿ׶ˡ
ŷ۾Ȼѹ˵ͻƵ𾳽ҪѣΪǵ츳㱻̼һЩǱҲûжáǾͲһˣ츳ǿһ̼Ǳǿ츳ǳΪ𡣡
ںһŲ֮⣬Ǽʾ͸ˡҶ˵ͬʱЩǣˣ̼Ǳиðɣ
Сͽ޳ҲˣҲϣʲôãǻԺ֮·ϰ
ǷģκθõġӭǵĵĿ⣬Цҡͷǵ츳ͻǵֻǿٶȶѡʵ൱ڸһζĻᡣ
ͺãҶ˿漴С޳˵ģȻˣǴ̼ǱȥռһЩŲ֮⡣ֻܸٸԪʱ䣬ٸԪһǾҪȥħ硣
ԣȻ
ʱȰǵʱ䲻ˡ
ħʱԽԽˡ

Ųʹӡ
һν˵أҶԵˣϾ۷𣬶ʱշҲõͻƣ񵱳ôˡ
ŲʹǳһȥҰжһŲ֮⣬һڻգųĲʺβ͡
Ҷǳľɫ̺ǿɱ
ҶʱͬգʵǿʱշҲǿ࣬Ų֮ɶˡ
һһľŲ֮⣬ҶȻռ
ڴڼ䣬ҶҲŲʹӵķڣֲϯ۷ǰǿ嶼ǿʱշܿˡ
ò˵ʱշ߷֮һǹǷԶԶʱ䷨򡢿ռ䷨ġ
ʱת۶ţҶռʮŲ֮󣬾뿪˾Ųʹӡ
ռˣоѾﵽŲʹӵļˣռĻŲʹӶҪˡʱǾ޷ħˡ
ȻʮŲ֮Ҳ㹻ˣϾÿܹںϵľŲ֮ǳޡС޳츳ܹںϼѾܲˡ
ʥŷ۾ǣֻںһ
ضҶ̤գصݴ½
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ǺãھͳûŲ֮⣬𾳽硣ҶԣŲ֮һһǡ
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޳СŲ֮⣬ΪǿʵҶһʮԼѡںϣܹںϼ
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ңǱǰ벽ڴ̼Ǳ֮ټںϾŲ֮⣬𾳽Ҳ׺ܶˡ
Ҷ쿴ȥгڴ֪һܹӶλ


һǧپʮ 
Сͽ޳츳治ǸɽǶгΪԲǱϧʱѾ޷ǳɳʱˡ
˿һһȥˣһԵҶ̾
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˯ô꣬Ҳ֪淢ʲô仯ȥתתٸԪټ
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ǣҪͻơ걦䡷㣬Ҳô׵ġ
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û뵽Ųʹ
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һǧپʮ 
˵еˣû뵽ţ˵ߴһսʧˡ
Ȼ˼鰡ܺߴһս֪ﵽʲô硣

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ҶˣʱѾ뿪ħˣǵȲΣɲһССԽӴĵġ


һǧپʮ ƻ
һ·ðЩңڣ޾ͬ٣ʱδػз˿֡
Ҷ쿴ŴȺЩп
СҲ˴⣬ͷ˴ҴҰȴѾаҲкޣһ޺ҵ飬Ȼͬ٣ȴֻܿˡʱȥչ¶š
ԣʱһҲܺáҶЦ˵Ȼ뵽˵ԼΪαǿΪҪҶҴ塣
ҪǿҪ棬Լϧˡ
Ϊ˱ǿǿΪػǿ

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ǰħҪˣЩԺ飬ǿԳŵħѨҲηˡҶһϲæ˵
·˹ٶȳĬƬ̣漴˵ȻˣҾΪȱڣֻһʱ䣬һ֮ұҪӡץħͿԼıˡ
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һǧپʮ ȷ
һʱ̫ˣٶҶ˵ǷǳĶݣգ۾͹ȥˡ
ȻҶԸڵħףϾڵǿߣֱܱɱҺħԽԽ࣬ЩħһģҶ첻ٵʱץ
ȵһʱȥҶҲֻץʮֻħϴεĻҪ١
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ٶֻڵħټǰ˰ٶֻڵħҲߴһˡҶպЩħһЦ
ʱԶĺɫ½۵Ľɫâ½סˡ
Ҷ죬ҵҪʧˣһҪǹ츳ֻҪҹ壬ԻΪ߽һ·˹Ӱںɫ½ϿۣӰǳ͸·һܴɢƵġ
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šеϤǵħʣԼ¿սλصǿߡ
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֣Ȼһ˳űȥˣҿ߲ơ

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ħ磬ܹҶģҲûмˡ
ţҶ죬һȥʲôѵ֪ߴûڣһȥ򣬱ɡ
ħǣ¿ӱչ֮۾Ŀ͸һ˿ɻ
ЩԾһﱬеϢû뵽ȻѾִһˣʱݣѾԲˡħʵ
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ʱħɫһ䣺쿴Ŀ꾹ȻߴڵأһҪʲôѵҪսߴ𣿡
ⲻܣߴ֣ԱȼԲټ֮ļӳ֣ǳ⣬˭ܿ⡣¿һҡҡͷ
˵֮̽УҶȷߴڵطȥˡ
һ̣ħǿ߶ڶݣӪǱߵǿߣЩĿɿڴš
תҪʲôߴ𣿡
̫˰ɣûеִԲôܶԿߴ𣿡
ӪеǿѾ֪ҶݣϾѾһսˣѾûʲôôˡ
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֮УҶһǧű򣬳ߴڵȥһһħǿߵĹע
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Ѿ֮ͨնɱҶ֮ʱסƬ̡
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ֻСϳɳڿĨˡ
ڵԽԽˣССͣŲһǧԪңȻ͸սǣΪǵڶ𣿡

ߴЦ
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һǧپʮ 
Ǳ𣿡
ҶĿֱǰ۷ϢΣաĽ£һſڲ鶼
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߸۷վһѹǳֲҶ춼ЩϢ
Ҷ죬ΪţȻҪվһԵ𣿡
ߴУ俴Ҷ˵
ҶЦҵɲ»֪ʥѾΪˣҼӪ
Կˣ·һɫ
ϻʲôһ֣ʱҲûáһԵߵ
ɱңҶߴ𣬼̶˻֣Ƚǽ˵
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ЩԶעǣҲ׷׾ΪǷЩħ
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һô𼶱ǿߡ
ЩЩ֣̫аˣôܳΪ𣿡

ߴ𿴵Ҷʧɫ־ŭ
ϧЩħɲ˼ʱ䣬ЩħޱаԺֻɱ¾Ǵ˿һʱܵ˷ϢϢǷ񣬲ܲ˵ɱ˹ȥ
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ǣʣµħѾɢȥɱߴˡ
ߴǿԼµıûֵЩħٶλǿֵ⣬µģ˲䶼ЩħɱˣȻɡ
һʱ䣬ɱ¾֮УҺڶ
ͬʱвʱѪ꣬
ħ̫࣬ЩȻһжȴ޷һܵΧǣܿͱɱˡ
ȥ¾Ҫ¾һա
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ЩĲûжͬ飬ΪЩͶߴǽҲΪ֮Ĺӡ
Ҷ쿴Щ˳綼ǵˣڳûгɳɱ
Ҷɻǣߴôվڸ߿УűһҲûȥԮ˼
ЩһﾹȻ˲̣Ҷˣû뵽ߴѾ䵽̶ֳȣԸԼҲԸԼ
𣬾ң
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Һް
鶼ŭû뵽ʱȻߴˣ
пɱ¾ڽУ˶Įעӡ
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ʱߴڶˣЩûȥ˿һ˿ϣڻڻߴ
ǣϵϣܿˣΪߴûȥǣȥЩŵ
ЩܹǾӢǾ˵
Щϣٶʲôϵһᡣ
ߴ֣Ѹپ˲дʮλЩܹ֮ŵڣΪǶϵǿߣлмڡ
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ߴû뵽ҶҲû뵽һεħŰЩӪǿЩƫǱˡ
Ҷ֣ĲҴ۽簡ֵǳˡ
ͻȻһЦ
һ̣ѿŰ˰ٶλ𼶱ǿߵ
һƺƺƵйע˵صħǿȫˡ


һǧپʮ 
˰ٶλվ磬ħǿ𶯡
ӪȻ֮𡭡ôܣ
ߴҲͫŵİ˰ٶӪôǲֻİλ
ߴ𣬽ڣ汻Ľô꣬ǸҪ߳ȥˡ忴𾪵ߴзǳ죬Ц
ӪζһҪΪҶЩŲ֮ЧˡҪ֪Ӫǿܶ˱ڰ벽𾳽ôںһŲ֮Ͼͽˡ
찡ӪȻô𣡡
ߴˡ
ô֣岻֣ߴҲǱɡ

һЩйע˵صӪǿ߾ѡ
Ѿܵ˵ǿ̽ĿһɨȻ˵λħͬҶ飬ǿ֪Ȼܴ󣬵棬иӹء
ס죡
壬ס죡
ߴɫ䣬æŭȵ
ЦôԼԸ죬ѵǺһ죿
˵գǣǼ˵֮ǻ纣纣Ӵޱȣޱ޼ʣ纣У棬֮ࡣڱ𾳽磬߳棬ǰǿǱ˵ͻ𣬾ﵽߵľҲǲܡ
Ļ£ߴɫԽԽзǳûκһ߿Եֵ߳ջΡǵĳɾ֮ѾΪ֮Ŀܣ˭ܹ֮Ψ
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û뵽֮⻹ôӴ磬Ĺħ壬ǿߡ
ЦԭΪ𾳽磬վ۷壬ڿֱ졣
ԭӪߴô꣬Ϊ˶ȡͳȨΪ߳档
ʲôҵԭֻǻ纣еĲ׺һڡ

Ӫǿ֮ԣеķЦеҡͷ̾Ϣе˷ܲѣеĳĬԡ
һԣҶٴγ֮Уɨޱߵħ磺һսҵʤˣҲл߳棬׷ߵľ硣ҵȰˣ޻߳棬ֻΪ֮ϡҪҵһսıԼˣѡƣԼ˽ȥ񡣡
ϷɱϷ񣿾սϷҲҪԼԼˣ滹ûб˿ԾϷˡҶ컰ո£Զ֮ħ죬һǿӰ̤գ˵ء
۷壡ҶЩȵؿˡ
һڷˣģֲһǿħ֮жҶʶħʡ
ԭħû뵽㻹š忴ˣЩЦЦ
ħ壬һ壬ɱϷ򣬲ϷܺãͷûͻƣΪ۷塣
£㻹ǵð嵭Ц
ħЦ壬֮ĳԹϷǲǵġϷһ𷴿֮ϾϷҪ㣬ֻ߳С
ħӭļ롣л߳棬ʱӭսЦ
壬лҲǡ
壬Ȼ㲻ˬҰսħ졣
壬֮𣬴պ߳ٱ
Ƕˣٵҷ赶ս

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Ҷ𾪵ǣЩȫϵǿߣλ۷
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û˵ħȴƲߵ죬ת֮󣬶Ѿǰˡ𣬲֪˶ˣ˶šЩ˱㶼ǵĳ˺Ͷ֣ǲԸ⳼ߴҲԸӪ⣬Ǳޡ
˵֮䣬ҲԽԽࡣ
˺ܶ࣬ںڡ
󣬼ħһʮλ롣ǺӪվһһǧλǿߣƷǳֲ
ߴɫǳѿվļʮλ𣬸ŵɫɷס
ʮǧԲⳡô


һǧپʮ ۷֮ս
壬ְɣĶˣʣµһЩ֮ǲˡħվ˵
лҲͷڵվм֮ЩˣҲ㹻ˡ
ԿҶ죬Ҷ˵ͷʼɡ
ǿʼߴѾ׼ˣֻǵϥݣдʡ
һһɫս䣬ߴԼļʮλȫסˡ
һ̣Ҷ𾪵ʱЩ˵ľ磬Ȼȫһ㡣
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ߣһȺ°ܽȻҳ֣ǵڣ֣ħУûнʱ֮Уսܴħ綼ڲ
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ҶԳԾЩŵؿˡ
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ӪߴսڱϿĻⳡսǣ֮㣬ħ۷ǿ߶˽ȥ
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ؿսˣΪħеʲô³Ҹ㣬֮ҪĽΪ֮һҪƬ飬ʱǶҪ·һ


һǧپʮ Ԯ
ŻĻһڴߴǶǳ𺳣Ѫħ磿Ҫɱħе鰡
һϵж٣ʮ֮࣬ħжٿǾ֮࣬Ҫɱ飿
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СĵãȻ飬ʱŭǰҾǰ֮ʲô𣿡
ЦС֪ҶĵӣΪǰǾ̫ЦˡҸ㣬Һʦ겢սʱ㻹֪
۷ƶʱɢѹСá
СȻҧҲҪײ㣬ΪⳡսҿսΪʤҪɱ飬Ҳ
С̫ˣսˣȥ˻ࡣһħ磬ͿԾ棬ʲôģҪ֪һһҪдֹۣܱǣΪһһغİΣ
Сҧʦ֪֪𣿡
֪ûͬ⣬Ҳûоܾ֪ĬˡҶ죬һûüţԻԴΪء˵
ڴʱһӰ֮߳Ҷ졣
˼״ǳ𾪡
Ҫ֪Ҷı壬пռԶħʡ¿սأôֳһ壬һ۷徳硣
ѵҶ۷弶壬ʵ̫ˡ
Ҳ𾪲ѣ漴ϲҶ죬û뵽ôǿʤʸˡ
ҶɨһۣȻѪħԣڴ֮ǰ̶ǰħأ鶼սǵڡ
СԶʱһϲæ˵ǣȻͳա
޳ҲȥʼѰ򣬽еսڡ
ҶӪҲʼжˣȻӪܸߣվȲҶ죬ӪеߣǿӪΰڣǵľ䡣
ˣüͷһ壬ҶᵢʱģҪǴش֮Ļᣬǻ޷Ԥϵĺ
֮ڸߴӳֻҪûսܣ֮Ͳ᳷˵أʱǾԮʱ䡣
Ҷ俴һۣ˵о仰С˵Ķԣ飬Ǻ֮Ҳûʲôֱˡ
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ħǱߵֵЩǿȥһ֮ɣҲȥһЩ顣Ҷ쵭˵
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Ҷ쿴ıӰҡҡͷ֮磬ҲֻһûκθĻѡ
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֮Ҳ赲ס˻·»ҲӪίȫĿĿûôУֻΪ߳棬׷ߵľˡ
ҶҲû⣬ϾӪ뷨֮顣
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ټħ磬ӪǧľԮУܿͽеˣħʱһա
ȻЩˣҶ֪һս٣ȥ˻ǻܶࡣ
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ǣҶҲֵֻزˣԣΪ˴֣ģֻܾ
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˺գһ𣬽ħʱճӡ
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νѪһַǳа󷨣һתΪĲʽܼ򵥣˵׾ܲá
һǧλѪǷǳֲģħıԴ֣ȻѸ
Ӵ̫ǿˣɱκһλܹɱԲڵǿߡ
Ҷ쿴öЩľкܸˣ뵽ش֮ǵʤʡ


һǧ߰ λ
ҶѪħ籾ԴħʱͿռ䶼ŤһƬƬڱеһЩѺۣĲһģǳ𺳡
ͬʱħУڵһЩ򣬲ϵطըһڶγɣΧ
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ҶЦһ֮ɡ
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ΪΣÿһǲصľ롣
Ǻǣ֮ȷ൱֮𣬵û֮ľ磬ʼնֻǹ֮ƳĿܶѣʩչ֮ԶˡҶЦ
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Ļڳ˶ˡ
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Ҫ֪ߴУռλã֮εĴˣȻӪļϸ
ԭԭЩꡭڰӪ˲šǿߡѪħָԴһһʧʧȥϢ


һǧ߰һ ɱ
ɫħһ߿Ѫħʬ壬ؿԶ𣺡ЩٸӪ˲źǿߣĿıΪ˸Ӫǿߡ
ˣ֮Уʱɱ㡣ŭ
һҲģЦ֮յֻˣҵıʵʥ˸ǣҺҶһһ߿ռǿռҵıʥ
Ļδ䣬֮϶Ȼѿһ϶֮
ɫصȥ
˿̵֮ƺܷŭѷ֮оһƬѪɫֲ£ȥ
һ̣޷ֻؿ֮ɱԼ
򶨣ϵ֮Цҵ߷ܹƵħѪħλҲǹԲ͸ˡ
һ䣬ֱԱˡ
ԲǿԱħ綼ڱ
ʱħıԴУӪһǧλУһ۵Ӱ͵۾һɿֲơ
ʥ۾Ŀ¶⣬һɳ˯ļ˲ѣһӿͷ˽⡣
ͬʱ귢ʱ䣬Ƽһ˲ʹâƲϵرǡ
ڡڡ۷塭Բ
һֱԲʥʵȻһȶ
˿̵ѾһС
ʥҲԭˣʥţеĹâԽʢȻɨһΧ˵Ӫǣ͵Ҷһħ籾Դ
Բǿߵļ룬ħıԴڱˣǹӿȵҶţЩľ
Ҷ죬㶯֣ڣȵ
ʱǾ߿ռԱã֮ո¶棬֮ϡ
ãҶҲӦһУû˿ԥٿħıԴͶϵ֮ȥ
ৣ
֮ƺܵвĿⶸȻ˵أ͸ʱգʱճҶһȺˡ
ѾˣҶٿصħ籾ԴռΪһ壬Ϊһľ񵶣նʱճӣϵľ޴϶С
¡¡
ֲӿȡ
ֱ֮ӱһ֮ϵʱ飬˭Ҳ֪зʲôֻһ֮֮Ҳûг֡
ħıԴҲһ֮Ĵħ糹ױֲʱʱӿڳû
ڳ֮˶ʱȻֲǶǲûʲôв
ǾȻѪħ磡ʣµһĻɫ䣬ŭӡ
ߵ𣬾ʣһˣȥɡ˵գһư£ƥΪһֻƣѹ
ʱܴ֮Ѿջ˼ӳϵѾԲ˻ص۷徳硣
ǿߵȫһƣ۷徳ֵסֱӱĥʱС
֮ߴǳˡ
ڣӪĿֻ꣬ʣ֮ˡ
壬Ҷ죬ǹȻҾͿθɵ֮ԶҶ챾սħʼƲϾ뿪ʧʱС
Ҷ첢ûȥ׷ΪҪɱһԲôף壬СиҪ飬ûʱħʾ
£忪˵ȥߴ򣬿ɱ󡣡
һսһҪӮҶһ
Ӫһǧλ𣬸塢Ҷ졢棬ǰߴ
ʱܴ֮ûзӦɱĺûᡣ
ħγӴʱҶǳʱ󣬾߻ġ
ңǵٶȣܿ͵ִߴ
˸Ӧǵĵ֪һսˣʱ̤ϲ񷣬һž޴ͼзɳֳߵ⻪ߴ
򣡡˵Ȼ򣬲úһҵĹ񷡣
ħ򣡡ħ򣬲úͬһâ񷡣
أҶ塣
΢΢һЦ̶֮߳ӰһģһֻһɢźȻһɢųĸħ
ҶԾǣħȻԲ硣
ħѪħ򽻸ҾͿˡЦ˵
ҺħǸ򣬶򽻸ǡҶ˵ͷҲǰԼλá
ҶǽɱʱϷƱɫһµɫ˺ޣµǿնһɿֲϢȻ١
һ޴ѷ죬һֻ۾עߴ


һǧ߰ 
֮ˣһǱֱԻ磬һƺƵ˳ӣ֮ϡ
ؿƵ˳֮Уһţеǻŵ飬е顣
ˣȫ֮С
ǡǶҪ϶Ļ֮Ƶ˳Ӷʱؿ飬ڿ־塣
֮ŭˣŭˡ
棬˷ֲڷӿ
죬˳ӣ֮Ҫƴ˻˻ãʶ㣬˳ӵĶʱ֮Ŀģ
ҶԣæԸɱߵ貵Ĺʱߴӳһ塣
һ˲䣬ˣȫоһһֲ˼ˣǾȻڴʱ˵ͨ
Ҷ̲ס۾һ̣ܵΧ㣬дСЩǲɴˣʵǿСҲͬ
Уһ壬һˣһ
Ҷ鲻Խس̽ȥȿ壬˾ǣ̽ǣȻûκ赲ƾҶ顣
һַǳľ磬еľѧȫӿҶ֮С
ҶһУ·Ϊ壬һմ棬Ϊһǿ
һ貵һҲǹ¶һ
һ·һˣûѣûʦĵ˶ɱˣһ۷Ĺ¶ǿߡ
ҶУħ˫ޣɵħ嶼ﵽ۷壬ȻߺΪһ塣
ò˵츳ǳҲܿ̿࣬ĳɾͣȻġ
ɱȻҶ˳磬ипܶ࣬Ϊ·һӣܵһĴ̼ܴԲ۷徳磬ܶࡣ
ҶֳԱߵ̽ȥȻһߣȻͷĹԶ
ԭԾܾҶȻͬʱкܸжΪղԾܾûУǳҶ죬ԺޱҶ̽˽
Ҷ죬ɱԽеһ壬ǵΪˣǽ֮ܺһս
ʱ˵ҶԺ
ǰҶæӦ
˼˵һûᣬղԲ磬϶㴥ܴ󡣵ǣϷ걦䣬һϷ걦䣬ϣܹ걦㣬ٽԲĺûԵ
лǰҶԴϲæл֪ǾǺޱ
ͬʱҶԼĿռԼɱ󣬶ıΪһ壬ʼ˵һ
˵Ǳһ׵ʱȫҾͱţԼĳ˶֪˭ֻΪŶһ١
˺Ϊ˱ѩޣһ߿̿һ߰ó˵Ϣձѩޡ֮·û˶̹ΪʱΪаݣΪħͷ׷ɱ
һڱ׷ɱжɹǱ˱ǿģû˶ħΪ꣬ǿҲԽǿûеħҲû˶ħ
Ϊһа֮аѳһսԼؽˡĳˣҲһ鲼棬Ϊˡ
Ҷ˴һͬʱҲڸ걦ĺ嫣걦ĵ㾳磬ǽ϶Ϊһγɻ粻塣
ֵز±ɱֻʣһСϸϸ˾ͨ깥Ҳٶ˺ΪΪһ塣겻𡣷֮겻ͬҲ
˵ﵽ־ˣɱĴڡʵȻûǿ󣬵սôֻγɳ־սȻᱻ˸
ûжȥһ֮׷ɱ޷
֮ǿ֣߳˾һɱĴڡ
û뵽걦ȻҶһУзǳ𺳣ǾžޣȻԴĹ


һǧ߰ 
ǵ£ɱתһֲľŲʹ˺գ֮ϵ˳ӣ֮˳Ӹ
¡¡֮е֮ڷŭΪΪϵĴڣȻҹǲˡġ
Ȼ塢˵еɱǳֲ֮˳ӳ׸޷˳ӡ
֮쳣ķŭڲ˳ӣʼֹɱһ۵֮ɱߴĲѣеǣеޱߵѹ٣һЩСһɱ
ֲ̫ˣ
ѾԽ֮ε
˷ǳ𺳡
ȵλСĵ㣬ﲻħ磬ûħռ赲ֱ֮ӽ٣ԷӳȫԵ֮εġ
һ˵˸ӵˡ
æҲõģɱʱʦ֮ľѪ֮󷨣Ը֮УǶԸֿ֮ûоα֮㹻ˡ
˵ĲֻҪŽһģܻ֮νʮʮţԻǱɣһᶼûСǻһ˿ϣ׼ô꣬һʤġҲ˵
֮Ȼвٲ֪֮Ĵڣ˵ʦľǿࡣҪ֪嶼ôǿ󣬺ųһˣôʦжǿ϶ɡ
£Žһģȫתɱ󣬵֮Ĺ
ȻҲһζطɱ֮Խɱ乥ֶεȻкܶࡣֻߴ򷢹⣬һֲֻֻɾŲʹâ۶ɱ֮ϵ֮
˫û˿ɿԣȫĶƴս
֮Ǽһʵ۷壬һ۷塣
ꡭǧꡭꡭ
һս̫ˣ޾֮Ĺûֹͣ
ͬλԲһǧλҲǿֲޱ߼ʣʮ궼ûкľ
ƶ߻ǲģΪ֮ӻ֮ȡֻһζģ޷䡣
һսȥ֮Իᱻش˯ǿ϶ɣһ䣬Ҳˡ
ʤƽ⣬Ѿʱţ֮Ǳбˡ
ˣȥǾ䶨ˣֻѡһˡ崫ˣɫء
֪˼ӮˣڳˣҲûмˡ
ǾȫӮˣһ˻ǿޱȣ϶ܹʱͿԴһԺͶ߳棬Ľ磬Ҳ죬Ҳᱻūˡ֮Щ
һ̫Զˣҵ˶ѾˣҲûһˣѾˡҡҡͷ̾ɣҶ𣬲õѡ񡣡
ˣǿ󣬲䣬׻ˡż
һսѾǱ˭ǿˣɱ֮ǿҲûá˿Ц
˲ĺԼڵֱӳŲ֮ϵ֮ײȥ
ˣ
ǰ𾪡
ˣ޳Ҳˡ
֮УɢĹâԽԽңУɫž޲򶨵ؿе֮˵Ҹ򿪹Źذɣ
˵Ҳڷ⣬ԼΪһ壬֮һ
һǳֱֲ֮ӱˣ֮Ƭռ鿪µ涼ƿһ϶
Ҳ϶һ˲䣬ߴ鶼ܵ˻ĺ嫣Ҳܵһ財
ǺǣŵϦӣһ̣ڸܵ˻Ǹһʱ䣬ϳΪ֮ϧѾߵ˾ͷ
˵ȴǱҵĹʣҵ걦仹еĲ㣬ԭˣ֮·Ŀʼ
ʱ̣ݳ걦Ĳ㣬ҿһδ
Ҷ죬ϷһҪӮ˵һһʧԼһžŲʹâҶڵ
Ҷһ𣬶ʱŲʹâ˶ʱ۵İ˲ʹâ
ǵ걦𣿡Ҷţ˵Ϣڲϵ׳һӳԽ۷壬Բ硣


һǧ߰ 
Բ磡
ֻҶŸܵǿ
ʱҶ֮ǰǿǧ򱶶ֹһһԼ嵱У粻
ͬʱҶĿռҲڳŻ粻
粻壬ȻˣҶ۾һֻҪȵɻ粻壬ʱܽΪһ壬ʵһ¥Ʊȼ嶼ˡ
ֻ뵽˾ˣҶеǳĿϧ
ˣߺã־һȥҶĬĬ뵽ûʱȥ磬ҪԼץסһһʵ
壬ߵһ𣿡
磬䣬ɫޱѿ
ʱɱѾһǣǵѾ޷ӣɱѸ
Ϊƴһ֮Ҳشʵڷ½
˿ڸŻҪ˳֮磬ϧ֮Ӧ죬ƣ޲棬Ǹȱڡ
ɺްͲһ㣡
ʧ۾ŭ
ʱĻ׺ݵɱ⣺Ѿûѡˣ֮
£ħѪħ򣬳Ų֮ϵ֮ײȥ
Ѿ׷ˣѧѪ߷ɱΰݺݵغ֮
һܴ֮ˣԵѿʮѷ죬ٴӿֶ
ʱ䣡һȻϱ۾ԼͿҪɹˡ
֮ĴţѾˡ
Ҳɱɫһ䣬ѧԼ
ͻһ֮ѡԿ֮ΪĲ壬ֻΪԼ·磬Ѿ˵ֻںԼĴ
ǰĿռ壬Ϊ֪ԼıްԲû˿ԥ
ʱԼıȫ壬ȫ顭
ˣûȫʱ䡣
ϧ֮Ӧܿ죬Ѿܴ壬Ѹ޲϶
һ϶޸ȫֱ⡣
۾ŭ𣬾Ͳôһ㣬֮ܽˡ
ҲûйΪ֪ˡҲûʸΪû˿Ծ˵
壬ô죿»ָ֮ɫԽԽѿ̲ס塣
˵ֻƴˡ
˵գڽеҶ죬Ȼɫض֮
岻ҪôҲǱ֮ɱѾûѡˡ
壬ɣץʱ֮硣Ȼħ
Ҷ첻֪ʲôʱ˳ħǴ֮
㡭ǡԾؿһϤӰЩܵĵˣǳˡ
ڣЩ˺ͳˣȻ¶Цݣǻűľģ֮
壬֮ĳ±һֻ
壬ȻⱲ޷㣬ôھһӡ
û뵽һһΪ壬ΪһĶ֣Ҿ㣬ʧһҪΪ֮

һһЦ֮ը
ֲٴ˺ϣӿֶ
أ壬һҲˮҧ۾ȫ
һߣ޳ǳŻŭϰɣΪһʱ䣬лΪ֮
ɫα仯ɲԸԼȥȫˣĻԸΪ֮ū
ԣܾˣǱˣǵڣװħ飬ȥƴô죿С㲻ںħЩأں𣿡
Сͽ޳ʱ˵ˡ
ͬʱ뿪Ҷ죬ʱͿռ嶼ؽ˻粻壬־̧֮ǿеޱ˷ܡ
ϧǲ
Ҷ̧ͷŲ֮ϵ֮Աֱ֮ˡң֮æ޸ϣĵĺܿ졣ǣΪ󱸻أ֮ȫںЩġ
ΪɱѾˣѾûжвˣֻҪ޸ϣôǴɱʼʱˡ
ˣƴһѰɣ
ȻҶ־ͿռΪһ壬ԶľŲʹŲƹȥ
ҪɾŲʹеľŲ֮⣡


һǧ߰ 
һŲʹӣҶøǿˣʱ嶼Բ硣
ЩŲ֮⣬˿в
걦㣬粻塭ҶĹҲ޷壬ǱֶΣȴǺһԶǿ塣
һΣҶҪƴһ
ͻǲɱʱ䲻ˣδؿԽ֮һʧܣô֮˿赲ˡ
ҶҧѹϣҶһ·ʲôûԸ⽫Լ˷ڱϡ
ҶҪԼԼˡ
ЩŲ֮ǹ͹ħ֮µģ֮εܹȫɣȻͨʱշ֮硣
ҶĴ㡣
ЩŲ֮ɲôɵģ֪ҲֻһŲ֮⡣
ǰŲʹ֮УŲ֮Ⱑ
Ӵ˭
ҶҲ걦㣬ɻ粻壬ԲŸһԣҲûжٰա
ƴˣ
ȻҶһҧʼЩŲ֮⡣
һҶȡõľŲ֮⻹ʣ¾˿һԲʵɾõ
ÿһŲ֮⣬Ҷ춼ܸܵԼʵڷͨЩŲ֮⣬ʱշǿࡣ
Ų֮֮Ҷ쿪ʼĿԶһƬŲʹУľŲ֮⡣
ҪôҪô
Ҷ컳űľģԼĻ粻ɢΪһСϸÿһϸһŲ֮⣬ڼƵϸžŲʹеоŲ֮⡣
Ҷ걦㣬ôҪôŲ֮⣬ƺķѵʱ䶼ԼԪ˵
ڣûôʱҶ졣
ҶַֻķҲΣյķ
֮ϣ֮ڿ޸϶Щ϶ļ٣ͶĻҲ𽥱֮⡣
۾壬̲סüͷͷˮεΣоԽԽˣʼղһ֮ܽ硣
̫ˣ
зǳ
ַͨ϶Ļͺ٣ײּˣ͸Ӳײ
⻹塣
ɱˣ𣬱˵ˣ¶Ҳ֮·
壬ȥ֮Ļ֮УޱߵĻô֮̾ܽ硣
ϧ֮Ҳ֪һ㣬˻谭֮硣
⿿һ϶Ļʵ̫ϡˣܹĺޣʼղһ㡣
ɺްѵǾװҲİзŭʡ
壬ôܹ֮𣿡ʱҲżˣЩˣæ崫
Ҳ壬Σ
ʧˣЩͺϵ˵ˡ
ɶ񣡡
Һް
ͻԶһŭ
Ƕ֪ԼˣҲںʲôƤˣҲҪˡ
ڿͶ֮ôһԥѡͶ֮
ףҶȥʲôȻʶȥӦΧմϢ
ҶȥŲʹˣѵʲôƣ־ϲ
Ѿ֮ˣһֻҶ죬Ҷ˽⣬Ҷ첻ܵ޴飬Ϊ֮󣬶֮ƿ֮Уӵﶼûá
ֻ˵Ҷ컹еơ
ҵøȡʱ䣡˼һתһھѪƳһ߾ѪȻ߷ٿڵ򣬳ϵ֮ײȥ
ǱߣҲһѧһǲԼȫңķһ㾫ѪƳѪǻǲںġ
Ҳײ֮
һû֮Сֻ֮޸ٶȣû´ѷ졣
ˣҲܽ˲
ǰǸô죿޳СǷɵǰ
ʱɱѾˣǾôر֣֮֮޸棬ǵˡ
ԿЦֻܿʦˣڴ֮ǰȷֿӣܺñȴһ֮һҪáܹʦɹǻһ
˵գһϢԶ
жȥһʱڣ֮δؿҵõ
ң忴֮Ӧʹģ˵֮ɱˣ϶塣
ֻҪ֮ûɱӦòΪˣϾ֮УвǸˡ
壡
嶼ˣͻ𳹵׾ˣ˶һۣҲøԵֶϢԶ
޳С˵ȥۣԸ֮˵Լһ
Сǵ˵ͷЩҶĵϵǰۡ
Ӫǣʱ򶼻Һ;ˣһһԶ
Сȥһ֪̾һλˡ
ʦ𣬼ͰСԶľŲʹӣһеϣҶϡ


һǧ߰ ˭
С
޳ʱһƯ֮УҴдһ
ţ޳üͷһ壬۾š
һԵСæ˵֮飡𾳽磬бչأԺ֮졣
ԭˣ޳˵ͷ
С֮˵б䣬ǵһʱ䡣
Ҷˣսˣǿϧˡ֮˵Ļֱףܲ
Աߵ̶ʱ⣬֮ŭ˭˵ˣʦ϶а취߳ݴ½һһԴ߳档
ƽ˵Ҷ츳ȷǿϧûʱɳŸոսԲ磬Ҫٴν֮磬ÿ𣿡
̶ʱҭסˣҲ֪Ҷ첻Ͻ֮磬ҶģΪУʦܵġ
֮ʦһӮģ˵
֮鵭˵֮棬ûκ˿ڳΪ֮ûдﵽ֮磬޷֮ԭпܳɹϧЩһϧˡ
ˣ㲻Ҫ˵Щˣǽȥһ㡣Сæߴٵ
֮һǰ·һ˵˵ĶʵңҲֻܶһʱ㲻һûжȥһ֮ᷢǵġ
֮ܶһʱ伴ɣʦһԳɹġСһҶš
Ҷһɹġ޳Ҳ˵
ǺǣǼһͷøӢƵģο϶Ҳս޼Ц
иıа֮ӵ˵
Ѿߵĸ߶ˡ
һɹģ


ݴ½콾ǣҶǳΡ
ŷ۾Ǿ͸Ӳ˵ˣҶߴһһ棬ÿһҶ춼Ǵһ
֮ǳ𾪵ؿˣƺû뵽Щ˶ҶΣĬƬ̣˵ĿԴɣ
֮ϣ֮Ȼ޸϶
һȺϣ
֮ѾˣһҲ⣬ΪֻҪ޸棬û˿ԳΪ֮Ͳκˡ
壬ɱ
Щܵˣ
Ц涼ˣЩ
ңħ綼ˣ涼֮֮£۲ںεأҵõ
ֻ֮ЩһϷֻ޸棬ͽⳡϷ

ʱ֮ţЩߵǣȫϢˡϾǶԼֶΣҵõ
еֱԼ˯Լ޿ռ֮С
һǣԼܹʩչֶʩչֻΪӹһ١
ڶԸ֮ѾˣֻϣȵһʱһȥԸ֮ɡ
˿̣ԭյľŲʹӣȻɲɫɫˣ׵գ֮䡣
ڴˣͻᷢ־ŲʹӲˣ·ƾʧˡ
ʵϣҶŲʹӣÿһϸһŲ֮⡣Ų֮֮汾ԴҶЩϸ˿̱汾Դ֮С
˭


汾Դ֮Уһ𣬵ǽˡ
Ҷ죬ϸ汾ԴΪɴڡֻǣÿһϸ֮жֻ꣬ô࣬¼ңҲ
˵ڵҶ죬ȷǲĴڡֻҪ滹ڣͲ˭Ҳɱ
ǣֻÿһ궼һƬ䣬Ҷʶʧ
ܴгѳôͻΪûи飬ͬеһĴڡһֻάתҲûԼ
ʱҶҲͲҶˣֻ֮顣
֮ͬǲͬ
֮ȻԽϾֻǽѣֻļ໤ߡûԼʶǰִ棬ǵԼʶô֮޷ƿˡ
ҶɾŲʹӣ棬ȴп浮Լ־
־Ҳ
һԼе˽ƽĮ
˭
Ҿ˭
Ҷ棬汾ԴѸǿͺһ֮Ƶģǿǰδеǿ
һ˲䣬Ҫ֮޸Լ޸еķ϶ϸǿˣ֮ѽˡ
ʱҶҲ档
ʲô֮ɫ䣬ȻûѾˡ


һǧ߰ 
˭
˭
Ҷã֮κεطõ÷ǳͺ˶
һ̣жǣȫһЩš
⡭汾Դи
֮һ־ϲ
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˵գֱ뿪棬ޱ߻֮С


һǧ߰ 
֮УͷǵԼ棬Ц֮ɫ
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Ҳܹ⣬棬ǲ֮ϵǿ߽ġΪ֮ʵ̫ǿˣƻ̫սҵġ
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һǧ߰ 
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սϣһȫںɫħеӰվڴͷĿǰĻ˵ĿĵػжԶ
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ħԨ֪·ֻеΣաȻ˵

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ͷ˽ӳΰƻһ˫۾ǳҪҫۣû˸Ҹӡ
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һԵ·˹Щ棺ȻĽִΪؿϷֻĽ磬ֹ
Ϊ߽սʱˣһֱڳ˯СȻˣҲû˸СӳЦ˵ǹ壬ǹħ壬ǿǶͷĽִߣɱҲʧֻܴ˱ˣ㡣
ңĽִ֮ˣֻҪĽ棬ȻҪĽִߡ
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һǧ߰һʮ 
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ҶǰȻһУӴĳʼʱϵСΪһâʧҶġ
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⣬ɻƿصĻǷǳȫģΪ˭޷սڡ
ˣڻĽ磬ÿһ涼ֵĵطפ仧ǻĽۼĵط


һǧ߰һʮ һ
ڻĽ磬࣬ΪȴǿĴ⣬˶ǳΪ˱סѡԼڻ֮УܻĹ
һл汣ôû˿Ի档
⣬ڻ֮Улѹƣ˭ΪᱻѹԲ磬û˿ԷӳԽԲ
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ȻҲ˾üȻ֮дҵΪѹԲ磬ôαؽԼлأΣգȥ˵Ļܾˡ
һвͨģΪڱ˵Ļ浱Упܵ˵ȻѾڻԼ֮УҪһ˻ǿԵġ
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Ȼڶ֮ѡԼлԭһǾΪǵлǵаȫطܺУõǿߵĿ顣
Ҷ죬Լĳʼл磬ôл塢ħ˾ͲܶԳʼڱ֣ǻĹ
ʱҶڿ顣
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ǵսۿһεķøߴһ㣬ʲô˶ܿ𡣶ЩǵսǾ͸ӿֲˣۿһξҪһ㣬һˣû˿
ӿֲǣлǿǵսۿһҪһڻ㣬⡭ֻǲſ
Ҷҡҡͷ˳սȻˣʱʺ
ҶѰһЩڴԺϢ֪ԺѧԱҪԺдԺ߲ƣԼǰԺμӴԺĿˣǴ
Ҷ쵹ǲģΪơ
ΨһǣθϵԺ
Ҫ֪սԺʵ̫ԶˣҶԼ·ĻµûʮڸԪ˵жԶ
۵ĻҪһ㣬ҲҪǧԪ·ʵ̫ˡ
ȻҪҲΪԺĽԵˡ
ҶԴ˺ٶѰһ£ҪôܿٵǰԺ
ǳ١
̶ӣҲв̶߻֮⣬̶ӵʵӴǳǸһĻۣٶȱȽϿ졣ԣΪ̶ӵĻ̶һǰ׬ǮҲʡºܶá
Ȼ洫죬սǰĽļ棬ΪǼĻ浱УֱͨԺĴ󣬲͵ķú;йأ͵ԺôԶ·̣ҪķöҶ˵һ֡
ʵϣڻĽ磬ҲֻһЩϵǿߣܴٶȡ
µߣǸãҲòġ


һǧ߰һʮ ֱ
飬Ҷǲ뿼ǣΪ̫Ӵˣ֧Ų
ҪΪ̶ӵĻҲô׵ġ
ҪμӻӶĿˣעΪһӶʸЩ̶ӹӶ
ңʵ̫͵ĻЩ̶Ҳδػῴ㡣
֮·Ҳôߵġ
ҶоЩ࣬Ȼ˽Ժ֤ͨϵԺûС
ʵС̫ڻĽǴ粽а
ҶЩĽ壬ѡ˾죬ֲ鲼Ľ磬սоķֲʱܽȥμӿˣֻҪͨ˳ԣԱͻᰲȥܲٴοˡ
ӡڣȴǲѡ졣ҶԼĶͷ¶Ц֮ɫֻѡԺˡ
̾˿Ҷʱٶ룬ɽǰ·ԺԺ˵ȹһΪ˵
֮ǰʱ䶼ķڸ·ϣҶ컹ûкúõȹһͻƵ֮Ϊ
֮һľ磬ΣûĻ֣϶Ϊһˣÿϸ֮жڣ֮ɱģܹ֮峹״ݻ٣ܽɱ
Ҷ췢֣ΪһˣȻ걦䣬ǿԼ꣬ǿԼ
ǿˣԽܹΧĻҲ֮ǿ
Ȼ֮ΣҪĻǲ
ҶռѾﵽΣΨҶҲﵽΣҪĵ
Ҫ֪ҪΪǰҪ
һǳѵ·
Ҷһ·ռǳһ·ΣжôѡΨҶǿӡǵİ
ҪĵҪʱ䣬ǳӴ
ĽߣǴ󲿷˶֮ԭ򣬱ˡ
෴ܹΪߣĽ綼ƵһǿˣԿһеˡ
߲εߣǾ͸ӿˣ̻ӴҲλ߶ѡ
ǿߣĽ绹û˵лŵǿߣֻС
ڵֻܼ걦䣬ս棬ʮ˷ħֺȭ
Ҷ̽һԼѾ
֮ΣǰЩͼսʹˣΪ̫С̫ߡ
ֻʮ˷ħֺȭǿһֱȥܿ¡
ҶҪĻҪһŵսϾһֱռΨһһҲֻϣ֮
̻ʲôȻҲսҶûлȥ
ҶʱҲֻܽһˡ
֮УҶչ˶ʮԪԼΨҶΣųء
ʱҶоԼѾȹ˶֮Ϊˡ
һߣѾأڻΡ
ҶӦҶأɵ۾΢΢һЦ
ʮԪˣǵŪȻ޽Ļ㶼ûˡҶЦ
ҴһԪҪ㣬սһԪҪһ㣬Ҳ˵һԪҪķ㣬ȥ˶ʮԪѾһٶʮˡ
Ȼƽֵģһ֧ʮ
Ҷԭ165ͻ㣬ֻʣ105ˣҲֻʣ290ˣЩ㣬ֻ֧ڴ˵ʮԪ
ʮԪȻܳǶ֮˵ȴǷǳĶݡ
һЩǣʱչһΣҪķʮԪ
ǰʵڲˡ忴Ҷ죬̾˿׼ȥμӿˣȳΪŵӣȥҪٺķѻˡңھڲÿԪҲᷢһЩ㡣
ҶԵͷǸѡ񣬲׼Ļʲôط
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΢΢һЦѾڻϲˣ󲿷ֵͼ֮Ļ緱ǣǳһ壬ǽҲȽϵ͵̫Σա
ţǵطҲˡҶ˵ͷʵϣҲǿ
Ǿôˣȷúû棬һὫͨ緢㣬ԺͨϵЦ
Ǿף֮һ·˳硣ҶͷЦ
뿪֮Ҷ콫ʼе鶼浱У¿⡣
һ֮ҶͷֿˣҪȥμӿˣ˳ĻúҪ뿪սˡ
Ҷ죬׼ȥμӶˣȳΪӶȻҸȥ߻ĵ̶ӣ˳ȥԺ
ԳʼţԴ˲ͬĵ·


һǧ߰ٶʮ С
Ҷ첢ûȥӶˣȥӶѯһ¿ݣ׼
ӶĿҪֻһǾǴﵽ֮磬֮µߣûʸΪһӶ
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Ҷϸѯһ£ֻӶĿһֱһģûиı䡣ǾһӶŴȥܹģΪһͼһӶ
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ѡһӶţȥ˭֪жΣգʱȺˣ϶Ǳڻҡ
ֿˣɷֺܴãôʵǿҲ
ңҲӶ˵Ľʴﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮƿֲ
ҶʱЩԥˡ
̫ˣ˵ȥ
ˣҲкܶȥӶΪЩɢ˵ΪӶΨһĳ·
Ҫ֪ڻĽ磬ȫĵطǴڻ档ڻÿһԪҪķѺܶ㣬ټҪҪĻ͸ˣЩ
һɢ˵Ҫ׬ȡ㣬ֻгΪӶ
ΪΪӶ֮󣬾ܽȡӶн⣬˻ӶݣԺȥĻǼĳľӣв롣
ӶĻǾֻ·ҲΣգʱпŻ纣ӶᣬҹʺܵͣĽ¼ְҵ
ߣǳΪĳļ͡ūʲȫҲб֤ûϡ
ܹΪ֮϶Լǿˣˣȥˡˡ׳ūǼܵġ
ȻҲȥѡʦĴ󳬼Ժ졢ħ
Ժͱ˵ˣݺѣһ߻ôԶûб¸ϵõԺ
ʣµľ졢ħǶֻţҿݺӶĿһΣޱȣû㹻츳Ͼȥ
ˣӶࡣ
ұҪѡΪӶҶҡҡͷûѡ񣬿󹤺ūǲȥġ
ȻĽޱΣհ
Ҷ̾
ͬʱҲڵ塣
֮ǰ岢ûи˵μӾĿ˻ΣգԼ鿴һ£֪еΣղȳΪӶ
Ŀ˱ϾƽֻҪ츳ãϾͲΣգǲκһ츳ˡ
Ӷ˵ɷ־̫ˣãɣãʵٲпͨ
ߣжԲߣЩɢҲܴ֪ŽҶŻӶ̳
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ȻΣգһȺһǿٺܴΣգȸΪսǿˡ
ҶҲ׼Ҹ룬һ㣬ΣգҲ
Щ̳ϴ˵ˣϵʽҪ
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ˣ
ͻȻҶ쿴һйԹõĶСӣоЩȤ˼롣
ΪΪ֤Ҷܿͨ룬˲䱻һⷿ䡣
һˣò˼ȥμӿˡһֿ
Ҷ΢һⷿ䣬˵Ƿ䣬ʵܴ󣬱󺣣ǽشһ޴Բɳм䣬ʱɳŮУǿҶĿҶ졣
Ҷ΢΢ɨһۣ漴ЦŵͷҶ죬λѡ
һŮ˾ɫеľ飬һ˫۾Ҷ죬ЦþˣλĽķޱӴɺ㡣
ŮָԱߵһԷ޸ҶܣԷ֮еţŮᣬǽǺƵҶͷ⡣
ԷԱߣһֿ󺺣ɽ䣬ղſ˵ı
⣬鵱УһŮʼնû˵ûҶһۣһֱڲԼеѪɫɱȻ
һɫ󹭵꣬ޣҶЦŵͷֻǻﲻ̫ࡣ
һǽĹӸ磬Ҷ첻мһˣż֮䣬¶һ˿档˵ĿϣһհӣҶ쿴ó׷á
СӵĶӳãĿǰûȫ׼ˣʮˣȥμӿˡ
μ棬һʶһ£뿪ⷿ䡣


һǧ߰ٶʮһ ħ
һС֮ҶûգҪûһʵ
ǵ֮磬ҪʵǳѣһһϦɵġ
ҲǶ԰ңҶһʧУĳʼ档
ʱҶĳʼУ˵¿⣬Ѿûˡ
Ҷ콵ٵʱ򣬵¿վһ۷壬Ͼ͸ӦҶϢʱŲƹ
Ҷ죬㽫Щأ¿һʵҲǵҶʲôıô˶ˡ
ҶƳһۣҽƵˣʱ彫лΪ档
¿ԻȻ򣺡Ѿִһ棬ͨ˽˲Ϣ
İɣ˵˲ɱ㣬ͲʳԡԺˣֻҪҲǾͰĴɡҶ˵ˡ
¿ҧҧ漴ЦҡҡͷûҶ죬ֻˡ
ǹħǿ߿϶һ棬һǹħǿ߻ʱҵĳ·¿뵽ڻҪ̡
Լĳʼ浱УҶٶȺܿ죬һԵִʼκһط
ʱҶѾһƬڰأﱻ󷨷ӡû֮Ϊ
ΪӡһҪĶǾħѨ
˿̣ħѨѾҶ쳹׷ӡˣ֮ʵӡȻһʧ
ҶܹܵħѨĳɳȻӡˣԷسɳֻٶȺ
аԪӦþ֮ܽˡҶ찵뵽
һεҪշħѨʱڿʵΨһ;
뵽ħѨûн֮ΣҶ콫շ׾ٵġ
շħѨ֮ҶͶħѨһһָƣͬʱҲ֪ҪʲôܹħѨٽ
ȻҪʵ
ҶЩȡ
ͨ磬֪ʵ֮ıбȽһ֣ǿ꣬û粻øǿ
һʵҪһٸ㣬һ֮ã˵ħѨˡ
Ҳֻʣ105ˡҶüͷ㲻ðҪǻ100㹺ʵôʣ㣬ֻ֧Ԫҵʹ÷ˡ
ǲʵħѨ޷֮Σ𼶱ħһûСҶԥš
ڵħѨֻ𼶱ħȻӴ󣬿ǧ𼶱ħ
֮ǿߣЩ𼶱ħٶ࣬ҲԷһɱġ
ֻħѨ֮Σ֮εħʱһȺ֮Χȥ½һ׵֮ôսҲǷǳֲġ
Ͼ֮Σʵᷢ췭ظı仯Աġ
ˣƴһѣûп׬ܱڿ֮жСҪá
ҶһϵˣԥƬ֮;ƴһˡ
ô߹߳ĽˣҲ֪˶ٴΣգѵ
뵽Ҷ򿪾̻ĵ̣йһʵ
󣬾̻˾Ͱʵˣٶ֮죬Ч֮ߣҶĿɿڴ
治ǻĽ̻ᣡ
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ţҶҵУȻٴνʼ棬еʵδιħѨ
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ڳʵħѨҲ޴ͣռʮ֮һʼˡ
˾޴Ķ¿ȻˣϸϹˡ
ħѨ¿Ǿ޴ħѨɫʱ䣬š
Ȼ֮Σ¿Ҷ죬ǳԾ
Ҷ쵭ЦôȥͿҪˣֻǸιһʵ
ʵǿһٻİ㻹ڵĻҲðɡ¿˵
Ҷ۾һŵ¿ٺЦ˵ˣҵĻȷˣպ㡣
л㡭ҵֻһֻʮ㣬Ҳͱˡ¿ҡͷ
Ҷȴһֱ֣Ӵӵ¿ڰĺɫħˣЦ˵ѽǴҳԹħ壬ӦÿԻȡٻ㡣
ҵģ¿ҶŭĿӡ
ҶƲҲûãѵ׼ѽɱ𣿻ɱңȻòǲңҪ֪ҪˣҲ
ǿ¿ҧгݵغ
ҶȴǹЦ뿪ˡ


һǧ߰ٶʮ 
ӵ¿ĺɫħټϴħõĺɫħܿͱҶӵ̻ˣȡ2000㡣
û뵽ѽôֵǮһѾͼֵ1000㣬Ҫ֪ҲֻҪ3000ѣԹħĶȻôмֵҶ־ϲʣ5㣬ھȻһӶǧоһӴƶС
Ҷǳ˷ܣô㣬ܼħѨˡ
ˣԼڵʵҪһѣħѨһֻҪ㹻ʵܲͣرǿ
£Ҷ磬ھ̻ᶨʮʵ
ʮʵ͸ҶˣȲؽʼ棬ħѨʮʵ
ħѨǿʮʵڶ̶ھ͸ˣ͸ӴˣϢҲֲܿˣҶоѾˣƾ֮ҲԶˡ
ʵһ嵽ףʱҵ󡣡Ҷ֮£ٴԤʵ
ȻִŵػѻҶۣףӶ֮Уô˻ٶȵĻҲһõķ
ԣʵõѡ
ʱħѨһȺ֮սʱô׵֮ҶҲˡ
ʵٶȱҶιħѨһºħѨٴαǿ֮Ѿܽˡ
ţҶҧҧᶨ
ھ̻ٴζʵ֮Ҷ˻ֻʣ205ˡ
ǧ㣬ڶ̶̼֮䣬һա
ҶħѨڳʵ֮ٶȽﵽ˶֮Ρ
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ħѨɹˣҶһЩ֮ȻԼ뿪˳ʼ档
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ҶħѨҲڻѻǿԼս
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޳ָ³Ϊģİͽܣ԰Ѻɫħû⡣˵ѺɫħҶ͸ġ
ǺܲģҲ֪£ԺҪ壬Ҳҧͬˡ
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Ҷ죬ˣһȥӶμӿˡǧ֮ҶյõϢ
УҶ컺۾ǧ˵ֻգۼѡ
ǧȥħѨѾٸ֮ˣҶ˷ܡ
ĸǵùûüħѨ֮ΣҲ֮ͬھˡҶи̾
Ҷȴǲ֪Ļ㶼ħѨŰħѨ𾳽磬ʱĻѾħѨ֮ˡ
ҶǼ˸ıˣѸողŵħѨҶǧ㻹ġ
ߣ͹λ֮Ҳһ֮֮ԾħѨ֮ΣҲӰյս֡
ȻһжѾȥˡ
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Ҷǻһ£Ц˵ĽǣֵһΪ֮ɾһμѻ
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Ҫ֪Ҷɢ֮ǴӸԵ澭ĥ²ųɾ֮ġ츳ΣǾǶġ
ĽЩеĹӸ磬׾еҩҪԼȥᡢŬȻȻ֮磬һ·˳˳ˮȻЩư
ϻˣϽ߰ɣһҪΪӶءʱˣȻ˭˳ۣȴֺãҶײ
˽һǰӶᡣ


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Ӷһ̻൱Ĵǳ֣һҲȾ̻١
ҶʮۣΧǻӶһЩμӶ˵ˡ
μӿ˵ĴڣҶһŶӵȴ
֮ҶǾ͸ԻȥȴϢˡ
ҶͨƵ¼磬ʱԼϢжһӶСںɫ״̬
֪ʲôʱʼˣҶҡҡͷ漴ͨϵһ塣
壬ǱôˣȵӦ֮Ҷʱʵ
ǱЩ֣кܶƵģҶԵһ£ŶӽۣϾҪȥˡ
ҶЩȣÿٶȰǾ죬ǲһ
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ˣѾۣѾ뿪սˡЦ˵
ҶĽٶ찡ףһ·˳硣
أ׼ôȥԺҲѯһ£ԺԶڻĽԵһ·²װСĵ㡣˵
˻ӶˣҳΪӶ֮󣬾ҸȥĽԵ̶ܰȫصִԺҶ˵
ȣӶ˵ֿ˷ǳΣգҪСĵ㡣
ǺǣǸ㣬ѾħѨ˶֮磬Ҿ֮ҲӮӦͨӶĿˡҶŵ˵
βμӻӶĿˣһ֮Ƕָ֮֮
ԣҶԼͨļʻǷǳġ
ڵ㣬ɱǿˡҶħѨ֮磬ʱٵˣЩĽ˵
֪УоԼҶ˦Զˡ
ҲĽأ˾죬ʵ϶ң֪ʲôʱܸϵԺң˵ڵĴԺѾûˣȲϾĳҶЦ
ǺǣҪŬˣ´һᳬԽġŵЦ
ҶЦЦ漴ʵҵӣСô
һһЩһЩӦÿ̤𾳽磬Ҫﵽ֮磬ҪԼŬˡ
˵С츳ܺãҾ֮У޳СлΪ֮
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ӶָԵ꣬ҶǴ˵׻Ӷŵųһλǿ߽֮ǳãܹһȥǵлкܹܶ˳ͨˣڴԤףɹ
Ӷ˵ˡ
Ҷ֮һЩ
Ȼ׻ӶţǲˡԱߵǳ
Щ⣺ãһ߽֮Ӷſ϶ǳǿǸȥӦúܰȫڵʲô
Щ֣õģΧɢǣܵġ
Ϊ̫ǿˣȥִеҲ϶ΣգǲμӶˣǿӶţӶȥִЩڻҵʻߡûص˼һۣ
ʱЩΣæ˵ãģһᱣġ
ȱԼ˵ɣ
Ҷ쿪˵֮֮ǵʱ£ɵرǵڻҡ
ҡҡͷҶֵܣûõģΪȺӶΪʲôôĴȥμӿˣҪһȺڻüǵԱʧʱ϶ǳǰ档
ѵû˼ලһȫءҶ
ʱߵලල˶ᱻǸˣʱһֻ۱һֻۡȫǲܣٷ֮ʮڻӶĳܷΧ֮ڡ
ȺļһʱҲˣæ˵ãҪ˳˰ɣ
ҪԼȥ˰ɡð˰֣Ȼǰȥ
ʱѾʼŶӵˡ


һǧ߰ٶʮ ı
Ҷ½֮ͣڹ㳡ϵʮ۱뿪ս档
Щ۶ӴڷмһĹһķݾҡʱҶǱЩ档
ӭλҵ׻Ӷţ
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֪Ҷ첻ǸģǻȨޣǲƬġ
ѾõȨˡҶ˵ͷ漴ûȨޣôھͱҪصۣһŵ֮ǰԶˣɢ޶ǵڻң˲أ˵ôأȥҲ·һȵһӶ˰ɡ
ѪԲɵҧҧȻЦҲμӹĿˣμӹĿˣμӹħĿˣʧˣʧܣסսĻ㶼ûС
ʵϣѪûг·ϾڻĽŮ֮ǳϡ٣ԸͶĳȨƵôЩ⡣
ֻǣܹΪ֮ɢޣǴӵײһ𣬲վ۷壬ҪǷϣ壬ǲܵġ
ҶʵûҪѡЩĴѡһЩһ˵̻ᡣȻĴʤȶȫԺδز᲻ܳΪǿߡ
ɣѪЦĽ磬Ͼһ۷ǿߣȻĸҪ붥ûҪЩһ
Ҷ壬ҲģܹΪһ۷ǿߣԼ츳ţϧĽ֮ǿǿְ
󣬴ɢޣֻȻĻ
Ϊ˱ϣЩɢ޴ѡӶ޾ǵ㡰۷塱ǿߵϡ
ѪҲģһӶˣĴܴʧܣǵĳˡ
лˣҶ죬һȥ̻ģ´ҪʲôңѪЩԳЦ
ʱҪҴۡҶЦ
ʱǵƵУ׻ӶŵϢ
Աع飬μӾս׻ӶŵϢ̣ܶȴȷ
Ҷ쿴֮󣬶Ѫ˵ˣڴ˵˰ɡ
Сĵ㣡Ѫ˵
Ҷ˰֣뿪


һǧ߰ʮ 
ѪֱʱҶսѾųħȥˣЩħȡһЩսƷ
ҶԼϵսʱ򣬶ʱΪʲô׻Ӷŵ˽ȫٻˣΪŵ̫ˣʵҲǿѾ׻ӶŴ˽ս
׻ӶΨһƣǵųǸ߽֮׻ѹźŵųʤƽֻҪԷɱҲǶʱڿõġ
ʱڣ׻ӶŵҲʧܴЩˣΪһӮˣҲܾˡ
Щμӿ˵ɢǣѾ˲ˣһˣʣ¼ˣڼ١
ҪȫûҶɫѿòΪʧȥӶ˵ʸ񣬿ʧܡ
ò˵Ŀˣĺܲпᡣ
ܹͬˣҲǾӢȻҲһЩ
˵
Ҷ쿴Զ棬һЩɢ޲ûгսǶԶ̹׻Ӷŵĸɲרű԰ȫ
ЩǽһǧˡҶЦ
ֻҪЩ˻ţʣµ˾ˣ׻ӶҲںӶҲں
˵ɢֻڻңһȺϰˡ
ȥ뿼ʧܵĻϽȥ˭ҪǺˣжʧܡҶոյһ׻Ӷŵ˾ͳŭȵ
ߣҶһֻóǰɱȥ
ҶܴȺɢ޴һ𣬶ǿЩ׻ӶŵˣˣҲֻɱһˣ׻ӶŵҲڡ
ͬʱҲԱⱻ˷ϾԼԱҲڡ
ɢ޶ǴģҶһ׻ӶŵʧҲܴ󣬲Ҳû취⿿ɢǲӮⳡսģԼҲҪƴˡ
ھһЩ׻Ӷŵĸɲ˲ˡ
˭Ҳû뵽ʵôǿ󣬾׻ӶŵҲûϵֻΪԷųոս߽ףʵӦò̫ǿ
ϧȴ֪ų߽֮ϾͰѸʮǺշˣʵǡ
СӣͦİȻɱǺü֮
Ҷ׾ѹԼʵԼΪʵ̫ǿע⣬ɱ˺ü֮ĺվһ֮𺣵ע⡣
֮
Ҷɫء
ڻĽ磬ԽսʤˣΪÿһܴ֮֮󣬲츳ͿԽģӵǿศƷ
ҶеħѨһǿศƷһ߽ףôԽսʤ˸⡣
⿿ԼԽսڻĽ绹ûгֹһЩţҲֻͬ޵Уɱͬס
Խǲܵġ
֮ʵԶ֮ɾɱһƬ֮ҶڿԿġ
ô죿ӣҶԥƬ̣Ȼתӡ
ߣ纣Цһֻ̽գޡ
ݣڴʱһ֧Ȼûд̴ֻ֣ҲΪҶһʱ䣬Ҷѡ
ߣСӣˡǸ纣ҶıӰٿ˿ԶĹ֣ûȥ׷Ϊһλͬ׵֮ɱǺŵˣҪȥ
һߣҶ֮˿žԼ˿ȥʱȣӴ磡
Ǻǣû°ɣ
ǹԹСӵӣԱ߻ɺһɱУһǹ֣һǽ֣һ̹һԶ̹ϵõҲֵڡ
лˡҶмȻȲѵʱҲųħȥӭУܹħٺòˡ
ңʱӻԸһҶܸмܾ塣
Ҫ֪ʱ򣬴ԱﻹԸ־˰
ȻһСӵģڣԹСѾ˴ˣҶǸսͽɢˡ
ҶֵܣһɣһŽһЩ֮Ҳֵܵһ¡ҲʲôˣղԸðվҶ죬ҲΪ֮ǰҶʵǿɱ˺ü֮ԲŶϵ˼
ϾҲܲȫһǿߣһ
ҲǵԸӵԭ
ЩʶɢޱǿʵҶ죬Ȼõѡ
ãҶԥص˵ͷŽҲкô
ҶֵܣҸղǱ߿ӳãҲȥϰɣѾǶ۷弶֮ʵǿ󣬶һʵҲǿһЩɺԱ˵
Ҷͷã
˶ʱǱɱȥҶɺһһɱǰ棬Ϊָǣ˶Ƕ֮еٮٮߣս˼һ֮ߡ


һǧ߰ʮһ ջ
öӳ
㣡
ҶǸϹȥʱܵΧҶæһնɱ
Ҷ죬磬ǰ̫ˡÿҶˣԵúܸˣЦݡ
СڻˡЦ
ɺ̾ϧ˶ˡ
Ѫţˣ˳οˡҶ쿪˵
۾һİѪ㻹ţ̫ˣҵˡ
ǰҲܵġɺҲ˿
Ů˸ܺã˴˺ܵġ
ˣ˵ˣڿɲʱ򣬴Ҷʮ־սûнءӿڴǡ
õͷ˵ĲڻûͨˣŽټһҿǸŵųҪֲסˣʤԶˡ
ҶҲ׻ӶųǱߵս׻ȷռϷ磬ʼѹƺŵųˡ
߽֮׻δܹɱ˶ԷǱ߶Է
ɱ
սϣһ֮ڱ˴ɱޱȲпᡣ
ҶдܴǸ棬Ϊ˵һ֮ľȱѪҺƴŻ֮֮硣
֮ƲֵǮĴײˣǣɱֱսϵСһ
һҶܵĽĺ嫣ƬӴ磬֮ҲСһֻϡ
׻ҵţһһ׻Ӷţ
һŭ
Щŵˣ󣬶ʱһˣ˲ûɱ֣һʼˣ˷
׻Ӷŵ˲û׷ЩˣǾۼֱ˺ŵĴӪ׼պŵЩ
սϣŵĲμӶ˵ɢǣȫ˷ܵĻ
׻ӮˣսˣͨӶˡ
ֻҶ찵ҡͷһ£ԭһμӿ˵ɢޣȴֻʣһٶ
һǧˡǮɢޣ
ʣµľǧˣɥƬпսϡ
粻壿ǿЦǳ֮ҲһֻϡҶҡҡͷŴ󲿶ӷۡ
һβпսҶܵԼСܵ˻ĽĲ̣Ҫʵ»ȥԺ
ս׻Ӷŵ˴ɨսҶЩμӿ˵ġˡһۣͻս档
ڻصսӶҶȡһöӶƣΪͼһӶ
ڳΪӶˣһʵıǰԺ·ҶӶƣ뿪Ӷᣬٶһҡ
֮УҶ쿪ʼԼεջ
ûƷΪЩ֮ʱԱˣֻǵܱƷȫʧڱըС
ųʼ浱УһҶ쿪ĵЦ
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ǧһǧļ۸Ǳһǧ㡣
Ӵ֣Ҷ쾪ϲѡ
¿޸ˡҶ찵뵽ûϸ۲飬׼Էһϲ
⣬ô㣬ҶʱҲȥԺˣȫսô㣬㹻ܶԪˣԽԼΪȥ
ȻҶҲվֻǻ㣬ֻһûõ֣ҪתΪʵҪġ
ÿԪҪ㣬ÿԪҪϽɸսһ㣬һԪҪ㡣
㣬ȫιħѨ
Ҷ쿪ʼ滮ĵ·
ڶ죬Ҷȥ̻ЩȻ̻˺𾪣Ҷ첻⣬ǻ棬ԷʵǿҲвԼ
ңҶϾҪЩ㣬ʱ˾Ҳò㣬αأ
Ҷ˵ǣǧУҲвƷԺõģõһǧ˰㡣
⣬Ϊôһ⣬þ̻һܷǳˣֱӸҶ޸ۡ
󣬴һǧ˰㣬Ҷ»صҡ
ħѨˡҶɨһԼĻĿȻ¼磬ѯħѨԡ
ħѨȻϡ٣ǻĽô󣬿϶ҲħѨڣûУڻĽʷϣ϶ǳħѨġ
ԣôħѨڻ統Уõġ
ⲻҶһʱһѡ
УһöĹԣΪĹԡ
ԭǰʵӵĽ׵ףҪ߼Һˣ߽׿ʼҪֱɻԭʯ
Ҷ쿴֮󣬴ջ


һǧ߰ʮ Ҷ
һԪ
ʼ棬Ҷ쿴ǰٴνħѨ¶˷ܵĹâ
һǧ˰㣬ֻʣˣһǧħѨҲ˽֮ס
׵ħѨԲϵ֮׼ħԶԸһ֮ˡ
Ҳ˵ֻҪ߽֮ϵǿߣҾûΣˡ
Ҷܿġ
Ȼʵڶ֮磬֮ħѨԶԸһ֮ˡ
ǿʵȻҶݺĽ磬Ǹһ̶ӣǰԺȴ㹻ˡ
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Ҷ찵뵽׼սһʱ䣬ȻħѨˣʱҲûҪ
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ԣķʱ䣬ȸȥԺôҲĴ֮һٶӦûܿ졣
뿪֮ǰҶϵһ塣
崫ϢѾͨ˿ˣ˾죬ұһλǿΪ״ӣνǷޣҶ˶ˡ
Ҷ֮УȻûͨغڰħ츳Ҳ٣ǿ߿ҲǺġ
Ҷ죬ѵðȻϵҡ磬ⷿУЦǺǵؿųֵҶ졣
ⲻǸոճǹϲˣڽˣǿˣﵽ֮ˡҶЩĽ˵
Ե˵һɳأɹˣܽȥһꡣе츳ˣһ֮ڽһףǱȽǿģһ֮ڽס
֪
ҶЦ˵ܹɳ׵ˣǳϡ٣һľţܳΪпܳΪߣűʦأΪ״ӡ
㰲ȫˣԴʦţֻҪͺˣҲĵˡЦ
ˣô漴ʵ
𣿻ӣΪѾɹͨӶˣΪһӶˣ׼һ̶ӣ̶ȥĽ߻ģȻŻԺҶЦ˵
ѵСĵ㣬Ľ߻ĿɲȫǸ̶ӣҲΣء
İɣûһգһҵ˴ԺٸϢҶ˵ͷ˵
Ҿףһ·˳ˡЦ

رջ֮Ҷ黹ңǰӶᡣ
ӶҶѰ˽ǰĽ߻ĵ̶ӣ̶ӷֱһººһǰĽ߻ġ
ͨ磬Ҷ򿪻Ľͼ̶ӵĿĵλãϸ۲졣
ҶѡºǰĽ߻ĵǸ̶ӣΪ̶ӵĿĵǣǳؾԺڵĴĳ
ˣҶˣ˵ҵıˣҶЦ
Ȼ˵ЦˣҶҵʵɱǿˣƿһˣ鲼ٸ棬һλټĻĽ統УҲǺ
ʱҶ˾פӶˣмӶŶӵȺҶҲȥŶˡ
Ŷӵ˲ֻ࣬мΪ̫ΣˣûӶԸȥ
ϾǿǻĽ߻ģҽ磬ҽǿֹǿĺפǳΣա
ıܷ͵ı궼ǧ㣬㹻һˣһЩɢޣԸƴ
ȻЩɢҲǰ׳գμӵģһЩʵﵽϵӶ

ֵҶˡ
Ҷ졭ҶڵǼǡ
ǸҶҵ̧ͷ˿Ҷ죬¶֮ɫ㿴˰ɣҪ󶼵֮С
ҪҶ쵭˵
Ҷֻϵ֮ӶҶ֮ȻУ
˼壬ǰȥǰģڸ͵ģڻһһΣգҲߵġ
ͬǲΪģͽ񣬱׶һ㣬쵽õ鱨дʽ
ˣһЩǿߣҶ֮ûй
ⲻ죬
ˣ㻹֪ʲôɣʵȰ㻹ǹԹԴսһʱ䣬ʲôһҹˡҶ˵Ȱ˵
Ҷ쵭һЦ֪ڻģ׼ġ
ˣȻǾͱûˡҶ˵ˣ˼żȥѰ˼ԼȰʲô


һǧ߰ʮ 
Ҷ˵ǼϢ֮ҶͱһԺѾʮˣĽ֮ϵǿߡ
ףߴ˰ɣõطһ׺ͷҶ쵽ʱȡ
Ҷ쵭˵һ֮ҶôҪҡ
˵գҶϥ£Է
׺ͷԣЩĿɿڴСӣΪҲҼǵˡ
ҿɣ
ͷΪ˻㣬˶ˡ
ǲҲһɣ̫ˣ˭ܱ֤Ҳܻ
ҪΪ˹һǿӲŲôƴ

Ժ̸
Ҷ죬ҲûйĳЦϾ֮Ҷɢޣһһɳģȵġ
Ҷŵ˽һ£ˣΪҪá
ǵʵҲĽססף׵֮ˡ
Уʵǿһ߽֮һȹ˿ϥһû˸ҿΪȹɷܾˡ
ҶԶԶһ£еľ
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ҶԵһӶţų߽֮һ˾ܽţʵ̫ˡ
߽֮УǷǳµĴڡ
Ů¶ܼĴ˰ɣΪλӶҶɻҲ
׺ͷٺЦ֪ǴԺĵӣϧΪ˴ԱԺˡ˺󣬾ûˣⱲҲֻܵһӶˡ
ԺҶ΢΢һû뵽ȻǴԺĵӡ
ڴʱԶͻȻ۾ƳҶһۡ
ʱҶâ̱о۾ڷۣòתͷ
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Ҷʱоϵѹɢȥ˿ͬʱҲҴˡ
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Զ񵭵ؿһ۰׺ͷȻ±۾
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Ǻǣ֮ʲôǰ׺ͷ˰֣ЩԳЦ㲻ͽһϸɣ֣Ǻǣ̫Զˣˡ
Ҷ죬лϸ硣Ҷ˵ͷ
ϸҶ죬˵Сӣҿ㲻³ç֮ҲƼҪãΪð
ȥǣֻðһˡҶ˵ȥԺ飬Ȼ˵ϾϸҲǵһʶ
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ԭȥǰѹ֣ϸЩص˵ͷҶΪҶһȥһǲִܵǵġ
ˣϸ磬˽٣ҶЩʵ
ϸЦеʶˣҶ˰£ҵõϢҶǻһЩƷȥǵнҪ֪Щɶ۵Ʒǹѹᱦ֪
Ҷɫһ䣺˵Ǻв϶˴Ʒע⡣
㵹ǴϸЩ͵ؿҶһ̶ۣЦģȻЩֵܴôҶ׼ĻҲͷǳԼĻ֮⣬֪ѾһӶţӶżˡԣͷİɣֻҪ㲻棬һ·ûʲôΣա
ҶȴҴ⣬ʵǿôǽвҲܴ󣬷ҶֺαػôĴۣ붯ôǿӶء
Ҫ֪һӶŵļ۸ѾǳˣοǰӶš
⸶ЩӶŵǮһ֣˵кܶҶɢˡ
˴ۣ令͵ƷȻҲ϶޼֮ظ
ϢҪûдȥãҪǴȥˣôػкܶǿĺţǰӡ
£ҶԼʣµҲˣھ̻ṺһЩٶȵıȻʼʵ
Ҷ쿴Щ㣬ǸϽԼʵá


һǧ߰ʮ ѩ
µʱܿ͹ȥˣڣҶڵԺʮˡ
ºһҶ˵Ĺ֪ͨҪˣȥ㳡ϼϡ
㳡ѾͣϰۣһӶŶӽ롣
ҶҲС
Ҷңǿ̶Ӱ
ʵЩҶҵ̶ӣҲһЩС̶ӣǸһЩۣҶҡ
ӵļ壬ʵǿֲ

ɢ۷׷ףһ̾
ڻĽ磬ѾҪˣ˵ЩЩߣϹŶߣѾܶû˼ˡ
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һУҶǳ۳񷣬뿪ս档
͸ĲҶٴο˿ս棬֪Լ´λǶԺˡ
ΪҶ۷ǰ棬Ϣʱ䲻Ǻܶ࣬Ҫִ
ʱոյۣҶʮ㱻Ҷҵһλǿżˡ
ҽҶѯҲ˵ʲôȻԸΪôӦľ򡣡
ҶѯҶǿ˵
Ȼ˰ӣҲø档
Ҷѯ漴򿪻磬ҶתˣΣգܹܾĳͣÿ˻㡣쵽Ϣ̶ӱ˺ܴʧɡ
˵գҶѯͿʼҶתˣÿ˶յ㡣
ʮյ紫ĵ֪ͨʱһ¶Цݡ
ˣҸ˵˵Ҷѯת֮ǰ֮дһĻͷųһƬͼ
ǰǣҪ·⼸յأֱѩӡ졢ƽԭάȣĸطʺܸߣдĸطģҪ׼
ϸѾͨ緢ˡ
ǵ񣬱һУʵ·Ƿȫ

ҶѯĻ£һ˵ɫԽԽ
Ҷ֮⣬˶֪ĸطΣճ̶ȡ
Ҷڲѯ֮Ҳ֪ĸطǼΣյģһ֮ɫ
ϣִǵʱܹˡҶѯ˵֮ת뿪
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Ľ磬˲пᡣ
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ҶӵħѨһ㶼£ݾֱˡ
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Ĵյأһյѩӵˡ
Ҷ뿪ӣ͸濴ȥΧĻоȻѩǰɫѩһɽҪ޴۶һ˪
Զһڵӣᴩǿգڻʡ
漣һľɫҶ۽硣
ˣλס
ٺ٣֪м˻Ż
Сˣˡ

һɳۣǰѩӷȥ
׺ͷ·ҶߣЦǺǵСӣҪͷһ𣿡
ϸ磬һǲҪˡҶ΢΢Ц
ٺ٣ͦŵġ׺ͷҶһۣ漴Ҳɳۡ
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Ҷһȥȥ󣬶һǰһƬ׵
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ҶԼһȫĵط׵ѩУʼ
Ȼһµʱ䣬Ҷʹ֮оѡ
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Ĵյأ̫ΣˡҶ찵ļ£ħѨƾʵȥºܿˡ
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ʮ֮ܲһȫɣҶ찵ֹţͬʱͨħѨЩħϵ
ҪƬѩӵʲôΣ
ͬʱҶ˵Ķ飬Ҳͣѩǰ־裬ûмǰ
ûеõϢ֮ǰǲִжģ㲻ȫҲɾ޴ʧ


һǧ߰ʮ 
ˣ
Ȼȫˣ
ȻҶɴ۾
һħȻ˲ˡ
һΪʮħ̽գҶõһЩ
ЩħʱҶյһ黭棬һƬѩ籩ħĳƬѩ籩ǰ֮ħֵˣ˲
ңƬѩ籩ٶȺܿ죬ĿҶǰ·ߡ
øϽҶˣ֪Ϣֵٻ㡣ҶۣϢȥ
ʲô
ѩӷ籩
ҶѯҶ֪Ϣʱ¡
ȷûпһ㿴ѩӷ籩ˣܻŻǱ¶ȣ˲䶳꣬Ҷѯ۾Ҷ졣
Ҷ˵ŵĻ˹ȥ̽
ǺǣСһƢͦ𣡡ҶѯЦЦ漴ҡͷʵȥ̽ѩӷ籩Ļô֮ǰ뿪ֻհ׵ģֻܹ
ҶȻ
ʮŵһ񣬾ֻʣˡ
ȻڻҰ
Ҷѯע⵽ҶɫЦ˵Լѡû˱ǣһеģͰԴڿϡСӿܲϣܹǡ
ȷѩӷ籩ܹõٻɣҶʵղҲֻǸпһ£ϾҲ֪ĽĲпᣬÿ춼к֮ܶȥ
Ҷѯ۾˵ѩӷ籩ǳѣѩϺٻ֣ÿγֶκε̶ʧأȷѩӷ籩ĻԵõʮɡ
ȷ񣡡Ҷ˵ͷ
ҶѯǺЦƴģУȻΣգǱҲ񡣡
ҲãҶЦ
ʱ򣬲ԶϤϢ
ǰ׺ͷ˶ЩǱƲأ˵ȴ˼˷ܡ
Ҷѯ״ɵüЦһﻹΪǷѩӷ籩ԲŻôˡ
ͬʱѩӷ籩ô㣿Ҷɻ
ƽ£ǲʱϻǾƽ֣һ㡣ȴһʱעæһˡҶѯЩֻ˵
ҶɫĬûͬ׺ͷ񣬸һУء
Ҫƴ̽·Ҫһ
ѩӷ籩ѩӷ籩
ǰѩӷ籩
׺ͷһۣæҶѯ˵
һԵҶ죬ȻҲˣҲֻǴҴƳһۣΪǿҶ첻õѩӷ籩һССĶ֮ôܻŻ
עʧˡ
ֻҶѯЦȷѩӷ籩ϧһλСֵѾϢˡ
ôܣ
Բܣ
׺ͷԣʱϽš
һССĶ֮õѩӷ籩ܻŻ𣿡ɫضҶѯЩŭҲ֪ʲôϵͲҶ˵𣿡
ҶѯϷҲʶһЩҶ˵Ĺ£㲻ҪΪһ졣׺ͷҲǳ
˾ҶѯҶ죬ǵĹ͡
飬ҲټҶĴ̶֮Уһǲֵܳġ
ҶӴˣҪģǿɲҰܻһһ˿
ǺǣλҪȿ˵ҶѯǰͰ׺ͷһ˿Ц漴̯֣һĻ
ĻϣŵݣҶۣѩӷ籩ϢҶѯľ滹ҶҶѯһЩ̸
ЩݣҶѯո¼¼ģʱ䶼С
⡭
ôܣ
Ͱ׺ͷһĻʱĿ࣬š
Ҷѯ˵յҶֵܴϢ󣬾ϸ̶֪Ӹ߲ˣŵĻʣ̶ܲӶƭǰɡ
Ȼᣡ
Ͱ׺ͷһۣ˾ԿЦ
ʮ㣬˵ǳ󣬵ǶЩ̶еĴ˵ֵһᣬôһͬƭء
ߣ
ƳҶһۣһתˡ
׺ͷЩģɻؿҶ죬ʵСϵܰ㱾ϸǷˡʵôӵùѩӷ籩
ѩӷ籩ֻ߽֮аߡ
߽֮µˣ˲ͻᱻ
οҶ֮
Ǻǣϸ磬ÿ˶ԼܣˡСܸ֪ܲҶЦ˵
ֱӵĻȴð׺ͷڨڨһЦ
һԵҶѯҲЦͷɱϣ۸˼Сӣ鶼ǻܣ߱𣿡
ˣͷӴˡڵˣһһ׺ͷЩΣҸ뿪ˡ
ҶҲ漴ǣȥ
ҶˣҪȴѩӷ籩ȥܼǰ


һǧ߰ʮ 
ʮ㣡
صӣҶ쿴˿ԼѾʮˡ
׬ǮٶȣӶ˵Ǳ
ǶҶ˵ȴ̫ˡ
ɱ˶ᱦÿ죡Ҷ첻뵽μӶʱʱɳħܻһ㻩ڴʵ̫ˬˡ
ϧֺûᣬÿζС
ǣкҶˣôҶҲܹûջһЩսƷ
չأ
ѩϣѩӷ籩һԪŰڹȥˡ
Ҷٶȳ
ò˵ѩӷ籩ȻΣգͬʱҲ˺ô
˵ѩӷ籩Ű֮Ҷ˸Ҫȥǰ̽飬ƽȹѩӡ
Ϊѩӷ籩Ű֮·ϵκΣգѩӷ籩ݻˡԣѩӷ籩뿪Ű·ߣһ·ƽ
ͺñһڵֱߺôֱϣҲûκεˣΪ˶ڵݻˡ
ҶѣҶƽյضɹѩӡ
ȴʧأֻʣҶ졢׺ͷˡ
Ҷ˶Դ˺żΪֻ֪ʲôʱͻ䣬ôǾûˡ
ûôһΣգ˵ʧͻ
ѣҶھ֮󣬾ǰԴͣһ£һЩ
ҶԴ˲û⣬ֵҶͣ٣ֶһЩʱˡ
Ԫķ֮ҶڵִԴ棬Ӷᷢµ
˵ȴ˰ʱ䣬һʮҶ˲𺽣ȥ
ۣѹҶҪ
Ҳ̫ˣȻѩѩӷ籩ǿǶҲѵһ澰
ϣǵܹЩ

һȺЦ̸š
ѾҶѯ֪֮ǰԭ
ЩڵѪ˵һҲ⣬еģΣء
ԣһ׬һ֮󣬾͸ҵ
˵Ҷ֮󣬾õı깺һЩʵȻټĳӶš
ȻҲеĴĳȵʱȻ
񣬱ˡ

ʮԪ
Ҷһ˵ִ˺죬ڶյء
λǼִﺮˡ֮УҶѯܣɨһͬѩӵ֣˻ǱຣţרŴ̶ӡһţҶ˸壬ŵﵽʮϣôҶصʧ
ԣ˸߲Ƿһŵλã㽱һ㣬ֵĺԽ࣬Խࡣ
ҶѯĻһǳ˷ܺͼ
Ҷˣ־Ǵ󷽡
˾ǲһ
ȸһʣӿԴڻԪˡ
ٺ٣֮ҾͼһӶš

һԵúܸˡ
СˣҶ˵ɷǳ㹻Щƴˡ
ôҾԤףλɹˡҶѯЦĿһ뿪ۡ
ֵҶ뿪֮ʱҶѯļ˵Ҷֵܣϣܹٴδõ˾ϲϢ
ûϢǸãҶ쵭һЦ漴ۡ
Ҷѯ㶣βҶĻɵҡͷһЦ
ٺ٣ͷӾͲٱСһȥ׺ͷЦһҲ˳ȥ
һҶıӰҲɳۡ
գۼ䣬ʮλȫ뿪
β֪м˻ŻᵢִǵʱġҶѯȥа̾

졣
ǰһƬشžҵĺ磬һ񵶣ۡ
ںУ޴ʯǻڲͣƶ
һ޴Թʱ·
ͬʱֵطҲǺǱĺõطΪﲻõıΧˡ
棬Ҳѽһš
ȻûǸйȥ𺣵ţԼĳ
ϣЩջ񣡡
Ҷһߴӻϲ鿴⺮Ϣһȥ
ȵֿʱҶ㿪ʼųһħ̽ѰƬ嫵ĺ졣
ͬʱҶÿһƬȫʱ򣬶·ͨ磬͸Ҷѯ
ã첻ѩӣԶû磬ʱҶ˴Ϣ
ЩϢҶŽ뺮죬һسǰʻȥ


һǧ߰ʮ Χ
ʮʮĸʮ
ҶɵںǰѾɳȥֻħͨЩħѶϢҵຣš
ȻѰҺŵʱҶҲһЩ䵥ĺõ˲սƷ
ת۰ʱ䣬ҶѾһ롣
ͨѰҺţҶõʮɽ
ȻֵҶںЩ䵥ĺ
ЩҶû˿ͬģһɱһѾɱٶˡ
ҲˣҶõٶֵһʮ㡣
Ҷٴλָ㡣
ҶˬˣȴǱˡ
ΪֵĺţͱҶһˣûеõ㶪
һЩֱԹ
ҿǲ֪ҶĺȻҪҶƴɡ
ףЩ֮ǰûз̶ӣΪͻȻ֮һ̶нˣһ죬ҶȻ۾üͷ塣
ֲͨ˷ļֻħҶܹ˽⵽Щŵж
ȵǣԭһЩ̶ӳԽĺţȻں׷·̶֪ӵλһ
ⲻ̶֪ܰˡңҲûзɳ̽ӣô̶ܷӵģ
Ҷüͷ
Ҫ֪ɳȥֻħ̶ֲӵ˷κ˽ӽ̶ӣᷢ֡
˵кŵ֣ǿ϶ᱻħֽϾҶǲŹЩսƷġ
ȻڣҶͨħȴǷų̶нˡ

߸
ʮ
ֹ˼죬Ҷ췢̶ֳӵĺԽԽ࣬ﵽʮˡ
ѵ̶֮мϸҶɫһ䣬Ѿ϶ЩǷ̶ˣұ˴˻̶ӸΧˡ
֪ԣҶͨ磬ϵҶѯ
ʲô˵ʮų̶ɱҶѯӰҶǰŴͣ𾪺Ͳš
ҶĿǰֻʮӣŶڱʮĸˣҾ̶֮мϸ¶ǵλá
㲻ῴɣҶѯЩɵؿҶ졣
ôຣţҶηֵģһҲܷôడһᱻЩŸ֡
Ҫ֪ĿǰΪֹʮλѾ˶ʮλˡ
ɴ˿ɼеΣա
㲻ѾƵˡҶߵ
Ҷѯ鿴һ£ɫʱ
ϸ϶мϸ̶ӵλòܱ¶Ҷ϶
Ҷѯҡͷ̶֮ôмϸҪ֪ҶҵˣǱƸӶţҪԻĽִ߷ģ˭ΥԣȻᱻĽִɱ
Ľִߣ˭ĳǿ𣿡ҶЩȺͺ档
ҶѯƳһۣɻĽִ߶֪㲻ոմг˰ɣ
֪λĽִǺηʥҶڨڨЦȷǴвųˡ
ĽִǻĽػҲǻĽǿߣ߽սʱնɱλǿߡÿĽ鶼ǳηԵûĽִ߷ĵˣܱԡҲ˱ԣ̾ͱһѪɫиɱˣ˵ǻĽִߵҶѯ˵
ҶԵһ
նɱλǿߣ
ǶôµĴڰ
Ҷ֪ľ統У֮֮ȻߣѾվڻĽˡ
ڸһǿߣǼ統УҲһ棬ǳưԻǿߡ
ҪҶΪͽǸħУľǿߡ
ĽִߣȻնɱλǿߣǸǶôΰĴڣ
Ҷ첻
ˣҪ֪߲ͨ㣬ռ鱨º˾ԻɡҶѯ漴صͨ
ҶǰٴɳֻħʮԪʱ䣬ħѨħѾֻģˣеڻҡ
ʵҶҲûħ˺սȥһţǵôʱ򣬶Էֱӳһλֳ߽֮һǿһ˼ֻħ
ֻ׵֮ħôһλ߽֮ɱˡ
һ̣Ҷ֪߽׵ľԲ࣬޷ֲġ
ԣҶ첻ȥ˷ħˡ
ЩҲɳһЩ۲ռ鱨Щ˱㶼ΪҶĵ꣬ħɱԻһ
Ҷ죬ɣ̶Ӹ߲ˣȻ㲻Ǿʹɡ׼²һЩΪ壬Խʧ͵͡ҶѯܿٴηѶϢ
ҶȴЦһѶҴӦûдӦΪƴսǸⲻҵְΧ֮ڣһռ鱨ǲȥսġ
˵꣬Ҷ͹ҵͨѶ


һǧ߰ʮ Ҷ
ЦּսĶ֮ȥǲǰ
ħѨһħѨͱ¶ˣѱ̶ӻӶŵˣۺ켵ʣӶһϵе鷳
ҶصѶϢ֮ҸȫĵطȻɳһЩħȥ̶Ӹ׼ս
Ҷ첻±˷֣ѾйˣֻҪ˷ϾħԱ˭뵽ħռ鱨
ͨħѶϢ̶ѾɳһЩǿߣ̶Χ󷨡
ͬʱ̶ҲҸɣʱͣ
ǻٻеҶ⡣
ȻҪս̶ֲ֪ӱΧˣܹص̶ӣƴǵȻ⡣
ֻҶ֪ϸϢȻ治ȥ
ϣܹջһҶ찵ڴţͬʱɳħ
ȵսʼ̶Ӯˣ϶һЩţôЩܵĺţ϶䵥ġ
ʱЩ䵥ĺҶĿꡣ
Ҷ·ѾԼˡ
ڣ֮󣬼ʮ˸ŵȻ˷ϮҶˡ
ЩŶ۶мۣܲ纣ɱҶˡ
ȻӭǵѾҶ˸߲㲼úõ󷨣Ƭ֮䣬˱ʧء
ãǵļƻˡ
мϸ
ɶ񣬸ɱ

֮Ƶȼ̻һ۱ըѣǺĲҺ
˶ʱһҡ
֮ҲжǺܿȶŶӣɱҶˡ
ϾѾˣʱսӣǲǰװʧһЩԱ
ңҶܣ϶Ҳʤ׷ģʱʧ
ˣƴһѣôˣ˵ܹҶء
һⰡ
ڶຣŶǳۺ졣
ڸصĴ֮ʮ˺żɱҶˡ
Ѿ׼ҶˣɳһǿӶţͣӭĺ
ɢҵĺȣЩӶŵļԸãǾսһǾɾ͵ס˺˵ַ
ź˵ᣬҶҲشʧ
û취ģ̫ˣеǿҲܶࡣ
Ҷ˹ӶǿӶţʧˡ
ҶͨħһϤӶţ׻Ӷţû뵽ӶҲ
һε׻Ӷ̫ãôຣŵĹѾʧˡ
ҶһЦЩֻ׻ӶſǰǵڻִȺһҲΪڻˡ
һ׻ӶŵĳԱսų׻ɫԽԽѿҶЩˡ
ʵͶ֮սʵ̫ˣҶ񫡣
лʮλ߽֮սԼλ˽֮սֹģҶ̾Ϊֹ
ЩŸҹҶˣҲеҶ찵뵽
֮УȻλ˽֮Ҷ˵֮⡣
ǿߣںУǶˡ
Ϊ󳬼ǿߵĳ֣Ҷ֮ʧܴҿҶ֮бһλ˽֮ǻƸһӶţŵס˺˵ĹҶҪΣˡ
ԣһλ˽֮
ͻȻҶɫһ䡣
µħһλ˽֮ĺ죬ӺƵˣһ˲䣬ݻʮۣʧء
У׻Ӷڵֱۣӱţֻų׻һǱ˳ֵؿ󱻻ۡ
λ˽֮
˵ʿʱ෴ҶЩˡ
һλ˽֮ƻ̫ˣסֱۣӱ򱬡
̶Ƭ֮䣬ҶƸӶţͱ˺üʧء
ڴʱһģŮҶѯȼλ߽֮Ļ£˻֮С
ŮУ̯һ޴Ļһɽˮһڴ
Ů̯ʱǻϵ߷·һֱ뿪˻ڻ֮С
Ҷ𣿡
һ𶯻ա
һ˲䣬Ҷɳȥսʮֻħһȫˡ
ЩħʱǴһҶ𺳵ѶϢ
Ǿӻϳߣһȭһλ˽֮ǿҶ𺳲ѡ
Ҷ죿ĪҶ˵ڣλĽ
Ҷ漴뵽ʲôһ𾪡
̫ǿˡ


һǧ߰ʮ ִ
û뵽Ҷ˻ıûпĻӦǾǿþ־ƵĻп¼λǿߵľ־һγ൱ڻһĴͨ
Ҷ찵뵽
ҶҶʵµľ־Ҳһս˵һЩ֮ˣֱӾɱ
Ҷ²⻭ʹôҲƵģĺҶﻹҪƸӶŵģԼܺˡ
ҲãҶӮˣҲͲҪͷˡЩӦñˣջĺʱ
Ҷмƻţʼͷųһħ
һΣҶ׼һʴֻħȫ˳ֻһֻħ
ЩħҶ˵ķȥֳһС飬׼ɱЩ䵥ĺջսƷ
ҶԼһطصȴš
ħжÿʱÿ̶кϢ
ħ䣬ҲջսƷħء
Ҷʼࡣ
ȵҶҶ˻ϵʱѾӵǧǴա
صУҶѯ͸˹һĻкɷŮҶѯһҶ죬ʱмҪлˣ㴫Ϣǰ׼һξҪʧˡ
ҶɻĻҶôʧأ
Ȼ⻰˵ȻҶѯ϶ỳɣô֪ǻ㵱ʱвڳ
ԣҶ͵˵Ǯ֣ҵķ֮¡
ô֪ЩŻΧҶˣһԵؿҶ졣
Ҷ쵭˵ش𣿡
㣡ɫһһǿϢɢ
ҶѯæҶǰЦŴŹ˵λҪ˵ֻʣˣҲͬɲѣҲûҪΪ𡣡
ߣһתȥ
Ҷȴ𾪵ʲôЩˣϸҲ𣿡
ǰҶѯ̾ˣеЩűɱˣЩڻ·ϱЩܵĺɱˡ
ҶĮȻû뵽ͷǸ߽֮ˣȻΣա
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ҶھãЩѡ񵱿󹤷õѡ񣬱ȶԴ·׶ˡ
ǻҪ𣿡Ҷ漴ʵ
ҶѯЦҡͷʱҪˣΪǻһҶ־ܼһʱ䣬㹻ǰȫִǡ
Ҷԣʱ˿ΰȫˡ
Ҷڣһ־ҲɱŽ֮ʲôΣա
Ҷ֣һ㣬Ѿ˻ˣ¡Ҳ漴˵
Ҷ򿪻翴Լ˻ԼȻһ򣬵˵ͷ
漴Ҷѯ͸ȥ
ҶȥѯһҶ˵ˣһµʱս
Ĳ࣬ǻϢ֪һЩ˵ǻʹþŴΣǰѾʹߴΣξǰ˴ˡҲ˵ǻֻҪʹһΣͳױˡ
ң⻭ҲϾܿģҪǰݼ棬ҶҵϵһλŮԡ£ȻһξѪܳɹʹ⻭
Ҳ˵ʹ⻭Ҫʱ׼ģλͻȻֵİ˽֮ĺǿߣȻ֪ҶѡͻȻϮҪҶ֮ǰɱǡ
ϧȴ֪ҶѾҶõϢѾ׼ܹϿǻ
ҶףѹҶѯôмԼԼǰ֪ϢҶξˡ
ȺӻҶҲҴ٣ҲҶҶı
ȻһжҶ飬ֻǽҶ˵ǰǣȵǣǾҪֵˡ
ҶҶĸ·̷ǳƽЩĵĺǣڸܵҶǿֲϢ֮󣬶ԶԶġ
Ľ֮֮Ȼ࣬ȴٵÿһλǿߣԿڻĽˡ
ϾּǿߣĳĴƽȥйġ
ʮԪ֮ҶҶıӻ£ڵִǡ
Ҷ˵˲ǺܸˣϾһλѾ޷ʧˡ
Ҷڵִ֮󣬱ҶѯˡǮȻתȥˡ
ֻ֪һɫӰȻ档


һǧ߰ʮ 
Ƿǳΰ̫󣬱ϾǳشһƬ֮СΪ˵ֵδ֪Σգǳصǽ϶ĺ󷨽ƣΪЩĺ󷨽Ƶļֵ̫Ҳ˴˳ǵĹģ
ΪĽ߻ĵһǳأǿϢкܶ࣬Ҳһλش˳ǡ
ǽϣһڼѲţÿһɢǿϢҲ߽֮Ҷ첻էࡣ
ǿ̫ˣ
ҶЦ
ڳʼǿߣ󣬳ߡ
ҶҲǴˣܿ
һҶҵ˾̻ᣬǧõһǧ㣬Լ˻ĻһӴﵽһǧ
ǮҶҲţϾͻһǧ򣬹Һ׼ԼħѨס
ҺҶ˸طչһߵȴħѨס
ǣҶ췴ȥԺˣΪǾԺڵĴĳֻʣһ·ˣһΣյһ·Ҫ׼òܳǾ
˵ĳǣǾҪһ
Ľ硢硢ҽ磬缸Ǳ˴Ϊǿֲ˷ӡ󷨣ֻܽܳ
磬㼴߾磬Ҳӳ硣ǿߣҲҪķѺܴĴۣܴ
ԣһ˵Ǳ߽սֲֿսǸõˡ
ĽΨһĵ˱ҽ硣
˵λڻĽıԵôĳǾڻĽҽķֽˣǰĳǵ·ǳΣգпܾͻҽĵˡ
ҽ֮ԱΪҽ磬Ϊ̫ˣңΪĻȶӻҡ
Ҷ·ѩӣ졢ƽԭάĴյأڻĽǷǳٵģҽ磬洦ɼҽжôΣա
ΪˣҽЩĲҪռĽ硣
ҽΣգΪΣգֵǿҲǳ࣬硣Ľй͹ħ֧֣ͱҽˡ
ˣҽҲĽ磬ĳѹƬΣվ͸ˡ
ٴԺȻûˣЩϱǿ߻ڣδҽ繥ռ
Ҷ˽ЩϢ֮󣬾Ⱦʵǰĳǡ
ǿҶˣǰĳǣǾֻԼˡ
Ϊĳǲ̤룬ҶִŴԺŵƲܽǣԺҪֱһλչģҶֻܶһǰĳǡ
ֻ˵ҶǳùΪЩӵƵˣǴԺ߲㷢ŵƣȻɴԺǿߴȥĳǣҶԴǰĳǵģûС
ƵʱЩĳǵ˿Ҷܾȡ

ǣҶʮԪʱ䣬ڵȵħѨףԼҲڳΪ֮
˵ҶʵѾﵽܹﵽ۷塣
չپãҶʵҲˡ
ǰĳˣҶ۾뿪˱չ֮ء
ǳǵĹزǺϣϾҪɣǿɲȰǡ
ЩسǵǣҶ֮뿪ǣһ˵Ŀ⣬·ҶѾˡ
֮ҲҶ뿪ǣһҶıӰҡҡͷ
Ҷ뿪úһɫӰҲ뿪ǡ
ЩسǵǿɫӰû⣬ΪԷ߽֮ѾʸԳȥˡȻҲΣգϾǻĽ߻ģʱҽĵˡ
Ȼ˵ĳڱ߽ߣҲֻܱ֤дӵҽһҽǱֻҪСĵ㣬Ҳܱܿĳǵǿߡ
뿪ǺҶͿʼ·ͷųһħˣϾǰ·ǳΣգ֪ʲôȻյá
Ѿﵽ׵ħʵ֮ǰǿˣҶ˺ܶࡣ
ףôȻڸң
ͻȻҶһͣͨһħһϤˡ
ǸһҶ˵Ȼں
һ߽֮ǿߡҿҶųħȻѷ֡
ǸħҲˣҶǳǸħԱȫʬֲħѨܡ
Ҫıƺ𣿡
ҶЦš
뿪ǲãԷ͸뿪ͬһôɵ飿
˲ģʲô


һǧ߰ʮһ 
ںĸУ¶ԷһŮҶҲ飬Ľ磬ɱңɱ㣬ǳпʵ
Ҷ쿪ʼųԽԽħڰвţҪ
Ըһ߽֮Ҷ컹Ƿǳģų֮ħѾٷ֮ʮˡ
֮Ҷ͵ؼӿٶȡ
ţѵˣ
񿴵ҶͻȻӿٶȣɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҳǳϼӿٶȣ׼ˡ
ȻڴʱһɫӰ˷ӿ
һתۣضǺѹѹһƬЩɫӰ
ǣ۾һɣֲõĸоΪЩɫӰÿһ֮
߽֮֮ҲܵϢѹ
ʲôʱһɫӰ˵
⵱ȻҶһħ˵ϾħѨˣҪһħס
Ϥ۾һУ㡭ԣĿһʦ
ֻܶˣҶٴοڣ֮гɱ
ͬʱΧĺɫӰҲϵس
֮ʵѾǳǿˣЩħûʲôս͹ƾ޴Ҳ˾
ȻֻЦһһѪɫħУޱߵɷϯ˷
¡¡
һ˲䣬ħѿһ
Ҷɫһߣ߽֮۷壡
С񣬲ǴӴԺ߳ľӢʵȻǿɱȺ֮
Ҷϸһ£ղűɱħкüֱ
֪ˣԭӵħѨѹһСС֮ȻԻڡ
Ҳһ£ЩɫӰĵϸ֮󣬶ʱϲ
ħѨǴ˵еıֱΪҲδزܡ
СӣħѨҿһҶƵǾħɭȻЦ
ȻħѨĴ˵бȻҪϧһд۵õһӵġ
ңһܼ֮ʡ
ּıôҪ˶ܺɨ֮ˡ
ʱҲܳưһ
ߣԺİ׳ǣǸҵţһǺڵġѾڻԼΪʱˡ

Ҷвɱ䡣
û˿ԥеħҶĲٿ£ȫ
ߣΪҧһͷ̫Цˣ׺߽׵ĲǷǳ޴ģοһ߽۷塣״һЦ
ȻϵЦݾסˡ
ΪڴʱΧеħһԱˡ
ٶħԱȫ֮ɻһֱԽҶ
ǿµܣûƬգػһƬޡ
Ҳ֪ܲɱҶȻЩħԱܷǳţΪԷһϻ˷뿪ֻһЩħ׼̽
Ҳ֪˶ãЩħԱ֮һǱӰӻҵ˳
ʱǳǱˣӶըˣͷϷһɫñӣһƬɫĹĻסʱɫñҲȻʧɫղǹɾ޴ݻˡ
ɶ񣬾ȻΨһһ߼һҪɱ㣡ҧгݵ˵״ʱޱ£һħ
ղǷԱҲ£û߼ξˣһˡ
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ʱԶһɫӰɫء
ɨħһ˲ͳħǰһֻסħĺ
СϣܵҶŹġ˵꣬һħΪ֪ħֻҶ̽ϢģҲûá
漴ֳͬıһ𣬳˷ȥ
ϧҶѾ뿪ˣ֪١
ΣյĵطҲҾϾղôĶºпܻҽˣʱҲ·һ
СӣӲģҧɭȻЦһ֮ð϶õԺƣ׼ȥĳǡùͨĳǵıؾ֮·ֻҪסҵġ
˵꣬뿪ˡ
ȻùȺΣգΪħѨҲðһΡ
ϾֻҪõħѨӵгΪĵˡ


һǧ߰ʮ 
ûŮҲ̫˰ɡĳʯУҶ۾𺳡
ħõϢ𾪡
ٶħԱȻֻˣ˶ûС
ֲ̫࣬ˡ
һǿ˵ٶҲֻϡҶüͷ
ħȡʤħϾֻħȻﵽ֮𣬵ֻ˵ӵ֮û֮ľ磬սЩħûС
ڻĽ磬һոս֮¶׻ܼʮħ
ҲħѨһȱ㡣
ȻЩħӵһҲǵս
Ҷ
ǧҶôҲ˷ѵġ
˵ףЩħ˵ֻƷôܸ˷ѡ
ܹЩħս͹ǿǵսҶ찵벻
ʱûʱ俼ЩûأҶ뿪ʯŴĳǵķȥ
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ȻҶո¶棬һɿµϢϷѹ
⣡Ҷɫ䣬ҪӣȴѾˡ
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һߣһ׳ٶȺܿ죬˲ͳҶǰ
ɭضҶ죬Щȵ˵Ȼһ֮ĽѾûСһҲĽ߽𣿡
Ҷԣɫһ䣬ߵĿǲǻĽˣôֻпҽˡ
Ҫ𣿡ҶЩ֪ôΣգӦüӶʵԺ
ϧûкڵĻᡣ
һСѣһΪǴԺĵӣɱ˰ɡԱߵ׳Į˵
Ҷʱ
ȴҡҡͷмɱСһҪǴȥǴԺΪҺħֻ֪۸Сӡ
ѵ㻹ɣԱߵ׳ߵ
ħٺЦǰǲǷһԭʯΪ˷ֹĳǷ֣ǽǿɿ㣬ֲͰСһȥڿɣǷá
Ǿһʱɣ׳ԣеɱʱ
Ҷȴǰ˿ȻûаΣֻҪûǾлߡ
䣡ʱħһҶȫӡӡ̶ȣҶ
Ҳûôǿǰ˽֮Ҷо֡
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Ҳ֪˶ãҶ챻һɻʹ̼󣬷ΧһƬ谵һ¶
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˾Ϳڿ𣿡ǰһɫս׵ߵ
ҶһԼڵķӡڣʱΣԹԵ𹤾ߣ𣬸ԱߵһЩ󹤳ǰڰͨȥ
û뵽һǳ˿󹤣Ҷ첻ɵԳ
ΪʼǿߣǰδеţȻ䵽ĵزҪǱ֪Ʋɡ
Ϊ˱ҶҲֻܹԹԵȥڿ
ԭʯǷǳƷڷ˽൱ʯ൱ʯߵıƷ
Ȼֻ߽֮ϵǿߣŻûԭʯ
Ͼһԭʯͼֵһ㣬ƽһҪ˭õ
ֻЩĳԱڵͼʱʹûԭʯٶҲܿ졣
壬ڼ˾죬ÿԪʹ͵Ļԭʯ
˵أЩҽˣڹĻԭʯ϶ὫҸɱˡҶһڿһ߰뵽
Ȼлᣬɲ
뵽Ҷ찵񣬹ͨʼ档
һ˵ӡˣǲܹͨڵ档ҲΪ˷ֹЩ˽͵߻ԭʯһԭʯ͵͵ŽԼ˭֪
ֻнӡˣôڵĻԭʯֻܹԹԷŽ档
ҶЩ⣬ĳʼ滹һﵽ֮ħѨ
ħѨҶ֮󣬾ͺҶͨڸܵҶϢ֮ϾϵҶ졣
˽֮ķӡȻǿ󣬵ҲֻǷӡסҶûзӡסħѨϾ˭뵽Ҷһ׵ħѨ
ãһлᣡ
ܵħѨĴںҶʱɫһϲ
ֻҪܶħѨͻлᣬϾʵ㱻ӡҲûʲôһֱĶħѨ


һǧ߰ʮ Ե
ܵħѨĴڣҶʱһת˴㡣
ħѨ֮Ҫٴνֻɻԭʯˡ
ǰһ޴ĻԭʯүվҶ߰ĺûᡣ
Ϊ˽Ҷһ߼ڿһܴš
ЩҽʿڣûලΪǿһЩӡūô
ûᣡҶ찵ϲ
û˿ԥҶ쿪ʼԼڵĻԭʯħѨɣûҰħѨųȻ죬Ҳױ˷֡
ҶһڿһħѨɣҲΪЩ󹤱ӡԵʣЩʿļලǳиֻڵȡԭʯ鿴
ңв٣ЩʿҲÿ˶ǵãǾʹȡԭʯˡ
ԣҶ˼ԭʯ֮󣬾ͲٳȥˣǰڵĻԭʯħѨɡ
ѡƫƧĵطڿûʲôע⵽п󹤳ʱͼװһٴ뿪û˵ĵطڡ
ħѨԭʯ֮󣬱㿪ʼ߽׽
Ѳк󸣣˵ĹȻûܵħѨڽҶ˷ܡ
ħѨɵĻԭʯֵǧ㣬Ҷ˵һ֣һ˵ǲܵõôԭʯġ
ȴǰװõԵⲻò˵Ǹ
ȻڻûΣգҶҲҴ⡣
ħѨ߽֮Ҷ첢û϶뿪ΪЩʿ߽֮е컹һλ˽֮
ʱûΣգҶûмڶ뿪ǼڿħѨɡ
˾޴ĻԭʯִԵҶ쵱ȻŹ
ͬʱҶҲҪ洢һЩԭʯԺԼ
ʱţԭʯҲڵĲˣҶ˵Ѿ㹻ˣΪħѨԭʯ֮ڽ˰˽ס
̶ʱڣס
ҶúøлǸħǶԷץ˵󹤣ҲõĴԵ
ħѨ˽֮ҶڵĻԭʯ㱣һ߿ʼѰҳֵĻᡣ
һԭʯ֮ҶȺ󹤳ȥˡ
żʮλʿ߽֮Σǿ߹ĿǣڿһȺˣһЦš
Զһߴսʿڿ棬ɢϢǳֲ֮ǰץҶǸħȻҲһ˽֮
ҶħѨڽ˰˽ףҲЩ
ȻħλսʿĶ֣ħ࣬ǿԶʤ١
˫һԶʤٺѣǱ˴˴ͬһôҲҧһͷ
ǽһԭʯվսʿĮ˵ɱǣ
ԣʱһŭŵģŭģйڵĵģҲгܡ
ϧӡǣһȺ򣬱ʿһһնɱ
ŻңҶҲȺߣͬʱųһħɱսʿЩʿ
ͻһĻʱЩҽ˾ʧ롣
ǸܵħǴﵽ˽֮ǿϢսʿɫ
Ҷ첻֪սʿʵΣһ˽֮ħԼ뿪ȻһħԱˡ
˽֮ԱǳֲЩ߽׵ʿֱӾˣһЩûüߵĿҲˡ
Ǹսʿȴóһ޴ĽɫĶƣɢŴ۵ĹâֵЩԱ
ϧЩԱ̫ǿˣսʿеĽɫƶʱ飬ԼҲǹԱû
ﵽ˽֮ҽǿߣߵˡ
ҶͨħһĻʱ˿ûһȥʬ֪սʿϿ϶ӵԭʯҲһȥ
ΪղЩħԱĶ̫޴ˣ϶ҽǿ߹Ҷֻ˵ء
Ѿﵽ˽֮ħٶȺܿ죬ҶһӾʧˡ
úһǿϢħԱĵطǰǽָĻգҽǿɫʱѿ
ãսʿʬ廹ڣϵĻԭʯҲţʧǺܴ
ҶѡǶԵģΪ̰ЩԭʯôӲλҽǿߵˡ
ҽǿ߱ŭĺУҶѾ˵أǰĳǡ
ϵķӡҶҲֻʱţֱһħԼ·
ħʵȻﵽ˰˽֮𣬵ȴ⿪ӡҶֻܵȵ˴ԺԺǿ߰Լ⿪ˡ


һǧ߰ʮ 
Ѳк󸣣
ȻˣջǺܴġ
ﵽ˽֮ħѨֻҪŽ֮ϵǿߣҶڻĽԱˡ
Ҫ֪ڻĽһ˽֮´һһǿĺˡҶħѨĶǰ˽֮ħʵȫڻĽںˣֻҪ̫ǿĵ˾ˡ

ҶЦݵǰĳǣǰ治ԶùˣֻҪùȣǴĳǵˣﾭдĳǵǿѲߣûʲôΣա
ҶҲҴ⡣
˵ùͨĳǵıؾ֮·зҽǿڴ˵أ׼ϮɱǰĳǵߡҶ찵뵽
ûмǰùȣһȫĵطȫϢȴ
ȴʲô
ȻǵȴħѨһħ
ҶħѨŽ˽֮ã֮ǰİ˽ħǳ٣ԱըЩҽǿˣֻһǧ˽ħ
һǧ˽׵ħԸһЩ߽֮㹻ˣȴ޷ԸһЩİ˽֮
ǺһսпҽսʿĽɫƣҶ֪Խǿˣ϶ӵǿ
ħվħκսҲûκһ˽׵֮׻ħһӵǿ߽֮¶ܻһЩ˽׵ħ
ԣҶ׼һЩ˽ħͨùȣһ㡣
ȻħѨħʱҶԼҲûţóһԭʯʼ
Ϊԭʯ۸ܸߣǰҶûù⻹һûԭʯ
óһȭͷСĻԭʯҶԥȥȻʼ
ԭʯûκεҶȥ֮һɻϢҶ˶סˡͬʱҶĸ֪ϵǿʱЩģȴ˺ܶ౶
Ҷһ飬ⶫֱһԭʯٶǧٱ
ȻǿԣǸҶԽмǸħˣԼץȥ󹤣ԼҲܵõôԭʯ
Ҫ֪Ҷĳʼ滹һѻԭʯȥħѨɵģʣһ顣
Ҷ֮һԭʯ֧һԪȻʵǿĵĻԭʯԽԽࡣ
߽׵֮һԪҪһٿԭʯֵһ㣬Ǻ߽֮ܶҲеԴ
ֻһЩӵܣôݳ޵
ȻҶһԭʯ㹻ˡ
ò˵һʺơ
ϧħѨԽһҪĻԭʯ̫࣬Ž֮ҪʮԭʯҶʱڸò
ʱգۼǼʮԪȥˡ
һҶȻ۾ѸһǿϢһ
֮ڣ
Ҷ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ǲŽ֮ãŹȥʮԪȻԽڣֱӴ֮ڣٶκˡ
һ˵֮磬ÿһҪµĻ۲С
֮ڵ֮ڣ츳ٸߣҲҪǧٸԪĿ޲У֮ǾҪǧԪĿˡ
ҶܹڲһٸԪɣⶼǿŻԭʯǿԡ
ѹֻĽһЩΪԭʯֱ֣ǻĽҪԴҶ찵뵽
Ҷ鿴һħѨħѨѾ˽ħʱˣʼųһħù̽ȥ
Щ̽·ħϢҶܿһЩҽǿߣǰĳǡ
ħ̽·ϢǷǳ׼ȷģΪʵħ͵ĶӲħ̽ӣʵħߵģڸܵħ̽ʱ¾óնɱħˣһҶҲܹͨȥħ֪ǿߣ·뿪
Ȼ̽·ҲǾԵģǰ֪ӵħѨô϶Ϣħ֡
ⲻҶ뿪ùȣ׼ǰĳǵʱһɫñѸգգҶͷϿա
񣡡Ҷɫһ䣬ϳɫñӡ
ȻԶһ˳
Ҷ죬֪ҪǰĳǣùǱؾ֮·ѾܾˣվӲҵġʶ࣬Ͽ콻ħѨҿһɭЦ֮ɫ
Ϊ˵ȴҶ쵽˼ʮԪˣΪħѨֱҲֵô


һǧ߰ʮ Ĵ
ɫñѹգ磬Ҷ·
ò˵ѡֵĵطǳãѾڴĳǵأ㶯ٴЩҽǿҲҹ̽顣
ڴĳصıԵѲߵĴĳǿߺ٣ױ֡
ԣѡ֣ʱڿԲõš
Ҷ俴һۣ漴̧ͷͷϿյĽɫñӣЩ𾪡
ͬǰɫñӼֱǿЩףͨǿ˲֪ٱ
Ҷ˵һ˽ħ֣¶ɫñӵķᱻɫñѹ
ƺܵҶĿ⣬ЦԪñһ߼ڣӵ֮ħֻ·һ
ϴôµħԱ˵ˣҶ쳰Ц
ŭҧгݵϴ˭֪ﾹȻӵħѨֱҴ֮£ûüԪñ
˭Դһ֮ġ
ϾħѨʵ̫ϡˣҲҲӵС
Ͳ𣿡
Ҷؿ׼ˣϾùȻû׼ҽǿߣһһɲҶġ
£Ҷ˻֣һħƾճΧΧ
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𣿡ҶЦ
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һ˽֮Ϣһͨĺɫա
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ȻûмħѨҲ֪ħѨҪʵĻ㹺챦СҶһܹ֮ħѨѾˣڲŹȥãȻﵽ˰˽ס
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ҶЦôһԺͽѵԸң
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Ҷɫһ䣬Ȼ֪ԺĴʲôĴڣı飬ĴӿڴԺλ͡
ҶҲ˷ŹģϾԷԼΪУһ֪ħѨܣ˵ʲôҲܷŹ
Ҷ£ΧħȫɱȻܹնɱħϾֻ߽֮۷壬һ򣬺ܿͱˡ
Ҷû¼磬ԺĴӵϢ
ԺáĴԺνĴӣĴԺ֮ǿһӣҲΪԺĸʦ֣ڴԺλܸߣԺĴԺĳƽ
ңһĴԺĴӶǾŽ֮ǿߡ
Ž֮ҶڿԿġ
Ҷɫһ⻹ûеִԺҪһǿߣΡ
Ѿ֪ħѨܣŮɱĻһϢȥôǿĵˡ
ˣһһ˵Ҳδ֪ɱġҶ찵뵽ڷǳǻĽҽĽ紦ҪĻ񻹿ͨͱ˴Ϣ޷ӵ˵ء
ڡطԲѯбϢȴ޷˴˴Ϣ
Ҷ죬ѩǲŹģԶĲҺ
һ˽ħԵֵģգ֮䣬㱻ɱˡ
ϵĽɫñûˣʢĹâҪ˵أȴΧħΧס
ܿ죬ɫñӾʧȥҶץס
Ϊ屻ӡҶҲûֻʱսʼ
ɱ֮Ҷ첻ҶϾһħԼǰԺ

ͬʱڴԺõԺһ仪ͥԺУһµȻ۾
Ȼˣ
ƣĹâһʱһѵĺɫơ
ѵƣɫɱҵŮˣҵҪǺηʥߣ
˵գӻһ׹⣬ʧԭء


һǧ߰ʮ 
ĳǣ
ɫ԰УһŪеֻ̣е߶ʲôһƬƬɫӡ֮ڶ
Щӡգɫâҫĸ֡
죡
꿴ĸ֣ⱬ䡣
ĸ֣Žɫâʧ
ͣ˿Ѫȴ˷ܵ죡ָǴԺ߻Ľ磬˾ʢ첻ָԺʢָĽʢǴԺʢĽҲȻʢǻĽʢôԺʢļҲ󡣡
˵¶ǵĹâҲ¶ˣ֮ǰӶȻ죬ȻǴŻĽʢֻ죬졯ֵĳָ⣿ϧҵŲ˵Ĳ㣬ֻĸ֣

ڴʱһϤ
̧ͷȥֻվһ꣬ȴ͸Źа
ѩ仪Ҷʲô𣿡һ˿漴˵
ѩ仪˽΢΢Ц֣㣬Ȼġ
ҡͷҲˣҸղʩչŲˣʱڲٿ
ѩ仪óһŰɫֽдһɫġ֣Цſ򶫷˵֣Ӧ֪˭дİɣ
û˵ʱѾǰɫġסˣǺɫıʻ·һݣֻƶ淨͸˵Ϣ
Ѳдģ
ѩ仪΢΢Цµģ֣붫Ų϶ٽһ
˵ɣҪʲôɫֽǰѩ仪Ȼѩ仪Ϊ֣Ҳֻܰæˡ
ΪŲ⣬Ǵ棬֣Ųһ㡣
ɫֽѩ仪һ˿⣬漴ɫҪҲһ֣
˵գѩ仪ƣһһɫĻǣԽԽ࣬ɢǿϢöĶеѹ
ɫһ䣬ȵѩ仪ųԪʲôҶҶ𣿡
ʵͲѩ仪ǰԪǸһƷѩ仪˲ѹҲѹ
ѩ仪æ˵ˣҪֺйأˣӦûǵһλ֪ɣ
ѩ仪ƶֵӣ˾裬˵񣿾ǸҪԼʦöִԺͽѲˣ
ڲǰıѡѩ仪˵๼Ͼҵһλ֪ӦΪѩޣҲ֪һ
ƲƲ죬˵ĺкĸһ֪ǰλѩӵĺ֪Ҳ֪жٸ£˵ĽԪʲôϵ
ѩ仪˵뿪ĳǵʱһǽԪñԪǵĸһ߼Ҳֻһ߼μȻɱˣ϶ᶯԶֿԽҵĽԪɱ֡
Եͷ֮ǿóҵޣֵʵҾΪˡ
ҲұˣǺǡѩ仪ԿЦ
˵ͷ漴һָǰĽԪǣһƬɫӡȻ͵ջָָһֻĵ̡
һ̣ɫâ֣жʱĸģ塣
ѩ仪״۾ʱĸ֣Ϊ֪ĸֱغֵϢ
Ȼĸɫֲûγɣ
ãѩ仪ɫһ䡣
ͬʱ͵һѪЦҾ֪ġֲã
ѩ仪˵ѵֵʵﵽϣ
ҡҡͷ˵ӦûΪҿ¾ͲһѪôˣֱ˻ȥڿĸȻЩģȴϾˣǶԷûӦʲôȻҲпĳǿ߸ڸϢ
ѩ仪ɫͺãٰһ㣬
Գһ˵ֻһΣóıǳأûɹǾ͸һΣһΣ㲻Ǿͱˡ
ͷˣѩ仪˵ͷ


һǧ߰ʮ ĳ
óҩָһ£ȻٴγʩչŲ⣬е¶ĸɫ壺ùȿڣ
ɹˣ
ĸ֣˿ȻЩѩ仪һ֮ʧܣǾ̫ˡ
γɹˡ
Ц˵ù֪ֻڣԼȥɡҺǣѾϳԺˣôùȡңùȵΣҲģȻȥ
ѵǱҽǿɱģѩ仪üͷһ壬ҽǿǱҽǿɱģ޷ˣ¾֪˶ԷԷֻҪҽһ㣬ѵ׷ҽȥ
뵽ѩ仪Զȭζлˣһ飬ȥһ
лҸȡ衣˵
ǣѩ仪ȥ
ѩ仪ȥıӰ¶ɻ֮ɫư׳գ򵱳Ϊ˱ͬʦ֣ùȿ϶ԭԸֻбѵùȳʲô
ԣ漴ҡҡͷùĳǵıؾ֮·ĳҲǿ߹עģбôùĳǵǿߣ´Ժɳǰȥ鿴ˡ
пܵı׷ɱһˣ̰ģҪıƺɱȻҲпɱɣñùȵҽǿ߷֣ڷ
֤һܼ򵥣ֻҪ˵ĳǣ֤ȻѡùȽɱô˵˿϶ǰĳǵġ
ҲŲ칦һƲ⣬Ѿʼӽʵ
Ҷ֪»һʵ̫ˡ
ʱҶ죬ѾΪѾִ˴ĳǡ
ΰĴĳڻ֮Уѹռ籩Ǻʵߴĳǽϣһɫķ˸貵Ĺԡ
վǳǰҶܵһϢɣ嫡ޱ޼ʡ
ǳǽϣվһͭɫս׵ʿһϢǿޱȣɲ⡣ǿĳǳأҶ컹ǵһμСسʿݳһͭƣдһġ֡
سʿƵݸҶ죬Щֵ˵ģЩӦǴԺյѧԱɣƵأѵû𣿡
˼һֻǻͨùȣҶԸˡҶ쵭˵õĴǡ
سʿԣЩͬؿҶһۣ˵㻹ǵùһεߣãֻҪͨùȣ㲻ʲôΣգ֮ǲܻĳǵġ
Ҷ쵭һЦ漴˵ҿԽȥ𣿡
سʿÿһ·Ц˵ȻԡӭĳǣѡԺⱲӢѡסˣʵһҹͲͣڽֵϣÿȥԺ
֪ˣл硣Ҷл漴˴ĳǡ
ǳΰ׳ۣһĳڣҶȴüͷΪ̫ˡ
ӴĳǳأӦÿɺܶ˲ŶԣֵȴûжˣԵ÷ǳ壬ǣ̫Զˡ
ĳڵǿкܶ࣬Ҷڽߣ֮Ľϵġ
Ҷ֮ûһ
ѹ涼ԴԺûˣû뵽ĳڵ˶ô٣ƴԺҲûж˰ɡҶ찵뵽
漴ҶǰԺ
Ҫ·ΪԺһؼ̳ĳߵĽؼ̳һӵͭӣӣǻڽԺʱġ
ӣǴԺ
Ҷ̧ͷһ㿴Ǿ޴ͭӣǱ㳯ǰȥ
ȻߣҶسɴ磬һԽ֮ңܿ͵ִ˴Ժ
ԺҶĵһӡǹϺͲɣҲ֪˶ټԪǺɣķҲܼªֻǵܸɾһȾ
شԺһžƺ˯ͺߣҶ죬Ժ۾ƳҶһۣ˵ģ
ǣҶ˵ͷ漴óԼͭƣЩԺԣ
Ȼͺ߿Ҷеƺ󣬶ʱоⱬ䡣һ˲䣬ҶоΧʧˣԼ궼ֹͣжԵĽֹ֮С
ǿҶкȻ
ҶܿͻָˣٴοͺʱͺѾеͭơ
˼ͺ߿еֹͭƬ̣漴УʱһһģһͭƣֻǱҶǿͭԵá¡һЩ
ö¡ͭƵݸҶ죬ͺ߰˰֣˵ֱǰߣߵͷȻҹգ˽Ӵˡ
ҶȻЩɻ󣬵ƣͺߵĻȥ


һǧ߰ʮ 
ĿҶȥıӰͺоٴαٺЦ˹ϵƣӦϴλͳǿưɡܹѡеˣڴľַش֮ϾƹҾͰһ
ҶͭƲܾɣֹ֮ϵϢһЩǿߡ
ôԺЩǿ߿Ҷƣ϶뵽ҶϴλѡеˣȻҶһ˲ҴĽ硣
Ȼ̫ߵȻΣ
˵Ժڲĸħ;죬ǿɶϣԺһλܳĵӡ
ңλܳӻǱѡеģǾ͸˼ɵˡ
Ҫ֪ӿǻƵģǻѡеĴˡ
ǰưԻգѹ磬еͲҶɳ

Ժںܰżֻ·
Ҷ찴ͺߵ·ߣһʯǰ
𣿡Ҷ쿴ǰʯʯǿŵģ̨ף˽ȥ
ʯһɨصĴ壬ϵ·Ȼܾɣȴ룬һܸɾɨĵһɾ
һ֮
Ҷһɨ㷢ɨشΪɻǣλɨش徹Ȼֻһ֮ΪԺһԱΪȻ˵£ǲ󣬴Ժû䵽˺εȳ̶ȡ
Ҷ첢ֻᳰ˵ˣóͺ߸ͭƣҽҶ죬ѧԱ
ɨش忴ҶһۣĿƽ޲˵ͷɨ㣬ֽӹҶеͭơ

ֻһĨͭġġֱˡ֡
ɨش彫ͭƵݸҶ죬˵ԺԵʯΣԺ޵ķݣȥɡ
лҶȻ֪ԼΪʲôᱻֵԺǵл뿪ʯ
Ҷ뿪ıӰɨش嵭һЦƹȥˣС
ٺ٣ⲻҲΪ֮УͺߵЦֻЦ֮оȻһ˿
ɨشߵԺҲˡ
ʦԺмҵģͺЦЦ

һʯǰ
ҶЩѵԺڶʯ𣿾ªҲûҪŪɣϾȼ˵˻֣ܹŪһӡ
ȻҲǴԺ˲ϲݳޣϲӰɡ
ûж룬Ҷ߽ʯʱԺĵޡ
һˣŻɫĳۣƺ֪ҶҶ߽ŵʱ򣬱㿪˵Ժ޹ȥɡ
˵գԺ޾óһ鶪Ҷ졣
Ҷ콫Ҷ
ԺһλɲԺǱ޵ĸԺԺ͸Ժ֮£ĴԺĵʵǿƽƴԺС
ǰԺҶɲСԷǿߣһֻ򵥡
Ҷ죬еͭǴԺĵͬʱڲҲ̺ͨСĽֻͨҪ̽һ˿꣬ܽСĽ硣ٴο˵
Ҷ쿴еͭƣЩɻ󣺡СĽ磿
СĽʲôӣԼȥ֪ˣͻ֪ǴԺһˡ˵ͱ۾
Ҷ״㲻ٴżޣһ񣬱˳ʯ
ֻ˳ʯҶֲ֪ԼסֲȥżޣֻûصԭȵʯȥǸһ֮ɨشˡ
٣һ֮Ҷ֮еĵġ
ɨش忴һۣ漴˵ǴԺĵӺ٣ѧԺڵӴ󲿷ֶǿյģֻҪûйŵģ֮һס¾ˡԺҲһǱأһʯǸӾסģֻΪĴӣǳΪĴϡԺԺѡʯ
ˣл塣ҶȻ漴лȥ
Ҷû뿪ԶԱ߸һͨʯס¡
סʯ֮ҶҲûвʲô󷨺ͽƣΪԺڽֹ֣˭Ҷֶ·һҪʲôֶΣֱӹžˡ
ԺˣҶȴ֣Ժ͸Ź죬͸صϢ˳˺档
ҡҡͷҶ漴ó޸Ĺ飬鲻֪ʲôƳɵģķдˡĸɫĴ֣ؼĸо


һǧ߰ʮ 
Ҷϸ˿Ȿʮҳֻܴ򿪵һҳڶҳʹö򲻿
֮£ҶֻȿһҳˣһҶʱȻԭšһΪʮ˲㣬ֻɵһ㣬ܹۿһ㡣
Ϊ˷ֹѧԱ̰ðԽݣ¸ȣصⱾ½ơ
Ҷϸۿšһ幦ûʲôͷսֻ塣
ң˵ֻҪɵһ㣬ƾշ֮ͬҪʲôսӳɡȻʹսôʵ͸ǿˡ
⣬šǰʮӦ֮ʮףʮһ㵽ʮĲӦʮ㵽ʮ˲Ӧ߾硣
ǿֱ߾Ĺ
ӦҼĹˣ
Ҷ첻̾
ŹʵϾ࣬ԺҪħѨ֮ͬж޵ˡ
£Ҷϱչš
Ȼ幦ͬҲģϾ֮磬ֻܼ
ֻšǽķ壬ΪĴڣǧ
Ҷڴﵽ֮ڵһǰաĹһԼ֮С
壬ҶǰֱĺŹǰǶ컯һ档
šҶķһԪʱ䣬ųɹһ塣
ҰļأŹԽÿһҪʱ伸ʮǴԺĹ
Ȼɹ֮ŹҲ¶
¡¡Ҷȭͷֲֿձʯ
Ҷ۾˲һһҵ徹ȻǿᵽֵزһſµĹ
£Ҷʼڶ
ڶЩѣΪ֮ǰûԱȽ롣ʱѾһ֮ڣټһͻˡ
һԪҶ춼ûгɹ
ڴʱҶüĳɫ֡ĵۡ
һ¶Ҷжʱӿ幦ЩĵãʹҶԡһ¥
ٹԪҶɹɡĵڶ㣬
һҶ컺۾ɫЩӵüģû뵽Ȼҵӡǣ֮ӡԶǴҵ֮⡣
⵹Ǻ£ӡҶٶȾͿ˲١
һ˵һķһԪôڶҪķʮԪҪķһٸԪƣÿһķѵʱ䶼ʮ
ӡǺͻ֮ӡҶڶķԪ
ŹĸԪҶ첢żȥѡһֻҪٴ壬һαչһ䡣
£Ҷ
ӡǺͻ֮ӡٶ֣Ҷ⡶Բ֪˶ٱٶȺܿ졣
ŸԪҶɹ˵㡣
Ȼ۾ҶӶ˫ȭǿϢ𣬲㽫ʯ
ǲҹƾ֮ǰǿ౶ڶս֮ͬл˭ܹùң
ҶЩϲ
漴Ͻʼ棬ʼš
ô飿
ܼ򵥡
ҶֱħѨһĽ֮ħȻɱԼ
䣡ҶûʩչκսӶ˫ȭɱ˹ȥһȭͺɱһĽ֮ħǿϢһɡ
ңΪǿҶĳ־Ҳǳ;ãǰһħȻս
΢ָһ£ҶħѨٴһĽ֮ħ
һβսҶֱǳԼԱǹǿıըһӾͽҶûˡ
ȻûɱҶ죬Ѫس˳ˣȴûΣա
һҶ˷ܵҪ
ֱ̫ǿˡ
ȻħѨħֻĽ֮ĴڣһĽ֮ħԱҲɱһĽ֮˰ɡ
û뵽ҽ֮磬ƾ衶Ȼӵսǿˡ
ҶںԼ˴Ժ
ȻԺûˣûʲôԴЩǿ󹦷ȴǲĽ֮κһ


һǧ߰ʮ СĽ
˵㣬ҶûмչΪҲֻѾûеˡ
ȻҶҲû뿪ʯʯ֮мչز
ͬʱҶֳһ˿֮ͭУʱǰһһƬΰ׳۵ɽ硣
ڸܵƬʱҶҲԼϵѹ౶Ȼڿշжֻܿ·
ǿҶ첻ɵø̾
漴Ҷ쿴ܣԼվһʯſڣʯԼסʯ
Ҷ쳯ܿ˿ǴԺĴԺͬǣĴԺǳ֣ΧѧԱһɢǿϢ
ңЩѧԱʽķװֱɫɫɫɫͺɫ
Ҷ쿴˿Լ·ԼǺɫķװӦǴԺУĴԺͬ
Щɫ·ģҶһͬԺġ
ףλʦܣĵӰɡڴʱһ͵Ҷ
Ҷתͷȥһɫ·Լǰ΢ЦſԼ
ҽжԺӡԺѧԱҽܵ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴˵ҽҶ죬Ժӡ
Ҷ죡йâһ漴Ц˵ԺˣҶ֪ǴԺĴԺ֮УԺѧԱ٣ֻһٶˣԺһǧˡ
𣿡Ҷ΢΢Цǡ̫˰ɣûԸԺ
ǵǣҡҡͷ˵ѧԱѡĸԺɲԼѡģǿʺĸԺԺ֮࣬Ϊʺ̫ˡȻǺǿģһɣͬ׼ۡԺֻһٶˣһٶ˵ʵǸǿߡ
Ҷ˵ͷ֮ǰѾڳʼ̽ˡ
Ҷ֣ǵһСĽ磬Ҿ͸򵥵˵°ɡЦ˵
лָ㡣Ҷл
˰֣˵СĽһС֣ʵлĽʮ֮һСǻĽǿ߻ġСĽȫɴ½ɣҲˣǴԺ⣬ɽããɭ֡
˵ѵҶ֣СĽ磬ΨǴԺǰȫġڴԺ棬ǿޣǧֻһ˿û£ˣȻ˲أҲˡ
ҶԿããɽ˼˵ЩӦĥЩԺӵİɡ
͵ؿҶһۣЦ˵ҶֹȻǶȻЩ޶ĥǵġÿһʱ䣬ǴԺԻʱĴԺĵλʦֵĴ£뿪Ժȥԡ
Իнģ˵ĸԺ࣬ĸԺõԴ࣬ͬʱߵѧԱǻõԺķʹ͡
Ҷ˵ͷԻڴġ
˵Ի֮⣬ĴԺĵǽԺޣʱͻǽĵã⡶ҲѵõĻᣬǧҪˡ
лָ֪Ҷл
ˣǴԺǧҪĴԺλʦ֣ǲʵǿ󣬶ѧԺҲӴһǣпܻᱻԺѵ
Ҷ˵ͷֲɵӣȻȥĴӡ
ɱѾ˻õԺĴʦѩ仪ֻǲ֪ѩ仪Ƿ֪ԼɱҶЩġ
ȻҶҲ壬ˮڣֻҪʵǿˣʲô
ԺӼϣڴʱһĴ𣬴Ժ
ʱΧȺдźɫ·ѧԱ㳯ԴѸȥ
ԺĴʦֶ죬ͬʱҲҴ磡һЦ˵ãСĽ磬ǵҪʼˣȥϰɡ
Ҷ΢΢һû뵽ǰ˲ʵɲ⣬һλǿĴ磬ڴԺҲ򵥡
Ҷ첢ûڶϸܵκζ⣬Ҳܾύ˵ͷ˵лָ㣬һ´ټ
˵꣬Ҷٲȥ
ҶıӰ۾΢΢һУҶ죡˵ִһ졯ʱԺѵ죬ָıǴˣӦòɣһһ֮ѣôܴĽˡ
ҡҡͷ漴תȥ


һǧ߰ʮһ 
һʯУԺϷĴڣһٶѧԱҶҲС
ƳҶһۣƤ̲סһܿͱʼ
ֱӴӡĲ㿪ʼ𣬶ڡ⣬ޱǰЩѧԱǿ̫ˣĽǴԼľ齲ЩѧԱǳ
һٶѧԱҶ֮⣬ڱĿռ޵Ľݡ
ֻҶüͷһ壬Ϊּ޽ȻеӡǺͻ֮ӡеõĸȴǲ̫ˡ
һȽϣֱһ죬һڵء
һҶȻ޵ģϾӡǺͻ֮ӡٶȿˡ
ȻҶҲɵָ޽УҲ۾ֻǲǲ
һҶʱ𾪣ΪСĽȻһٶ౶
£Ҷԥóһԭʯֱʯ
˻ԭʯҶٶȾ͸ˡ
һҶӿ򣬵ҲʼΣϢܣ˴ˡ
ҿһ𣿵ڽһﲻҲˣȻڲ
İɣҲ̫ˣ㲻ҲҪװһ£ôȻָ𣿡
׳գ

ˣʱֹһ֮еҶ죬Ŀɿڴ
ǰԺʦֶ죬һ̧ͷϷԺޣʱλѾɫһƬƤֱ
һˣҡҡͷ
ɢ˰ɣνΪֹȻԺ󿪿˵
վƳҶһۣ漴ȥ
ĵЩվǿҶĿЩŭΪƽ޽ɲֹôʱ䣬ζǱҶˡ
˵һԵЩƽҲҪģĴǺܶ࣬Ҷˣʧܴ
мӵͻƵıԵ׼νһͻƣҶˣȻ
֮УҶѾԺӡ
ҶʱѾܲô࣬ѾϲõС
֮ǰﵽ֮ڣѾʼ֮۷ˣǵӰҲʼʵ
˿̣ļ޺һһҶ죬һﲻԼҲˣȻԼĴֱ̫ˡ
޻סˡ
ʱһϷŰЦˡ
ʦܣ㽲ˮƽԽԽˣһλµӶмĽһͺߣƾճڴ֮УڼԱߣЦ
ߵ㶯֣СӻҵԺ
ٺ٣ôҲǰԺȻһţȻҪԼԺͺ˵գ֮еҶ죬Щ𾪵˵ʦҲ˰ɣСӲѧԺʮԪȻѾ˵㣬츳ֱԺĵӡ
Ե˵ͷ˵⵹ǲͨĵɵһҪԪڶҪʮԪ˵ҪٸԪĿǰԺ츳õĶ죬ɵ㣬ҲķһʮԪСӣȻֻʮԪȷ󡣡
ܹѡģôҿԺȥţȻܳĵӣ֪˭ˡͺߺٺЦЩ⡣
޿Ҷ죬һ츳ȷǺã̫ˡ
ٺ٣㲻Ѿͷ𣿡ͺЦͻȻֹԺЩСһǿǺСˣƽ˵ҲżСһѧԺ͵ͬʦֵܣٺ٣Ժѹˡ
ЦҲãѲŰ
ҿѲŰͻȻСĽЧܺãԲ̲סСӿЩԵȻ󷽵óԭʯͺ
ȻлԭʯԺͲˣѧԺĻԭʯԽԽˡߵ
ͺһ㶣漴ЦʦܣδҲ̫С˰ɣû㽲õ𣿡
ߣޱ۾˵
ͺ߿ЦҡҡͷЩͬؿһҶ죬漴˫֣̤ȥ
ҶһĻ϶𾪣ΪСĽ磬ֻдﵽϣܹ̤շС
شŵȻһɲ


һǧ߰ʮ 
СĽ磬ʯ֮ڡ
һԪҶһΧӿĵʱʵɢǿϢ
Ľ֮
Ҷʱϲ۾
û뵽СĽһԪʹﵽĽ֮硣
ߣڴʱһ
һ̣Ҷƺ뵽ʲôɫ΢΢һ䡣
ֻʯϷضҶ죬𣿡
ǣҶ΢΢Ц£æͷ
֮ǰ̫ˣȴǼ޽ĵطڵӣȻΪŵ˼޽ˡ
ǻѵҪҰø𣿡޴ȵ
ҶһϽ뿪
ֱҶ뿪ʯ޲ףЦСӣ츳ǺãȻֱĽ֮磬ҵҪġѶʱɵĲ㡣
뿪ʯҶĿţΧĺɫ·ѧԱһһ뿪ɫơ
ҶԴЦԼŵ޽ѾеԺӡ
֮£ҶֻûصԼʯݣóһԭʯ
ȻСĽףô׼һרŲ
磬ҶıѾʼĲ㡣

ĳǳſڣһ껺
ѩ仪ǰĴĳǣɫȫʬǺֶΣΪĨеϢҾҲҶ˽⣬׳յùȣ׷ɱһ챦ˣû뵽ãҽǿնɱܹ챦ҵҪʲôϣʧ
ѩ仪ٲţسŵʿʶѩ仪Ц˵ѩӣ֪γȥջΣǲɱ˲ҽǿߣ
ֻйоأѩ仪΢΢һЦָֻӣЩʵλ磬֪ûĳǣ
ʿһЦʶˣһҽӴģʲôҶ죬ѾֵԺԺˡ
Ҷ죿֪ˣл硣ѩ仪һţ漴ͷ˴ĳǡ
صԺһõԺĵǰ
ʯڣѩ仪
ʦܶʱɫ˽ȥʦ֣ڻˣ˵´Կʼֻʣ¼ʮԪˣ֪ǻõԺܲѹԺһ
ԭʦܰѩ仪ˣ΢΢ҡͷԵһǱˣжڣԺġˣ˵˼Ժ֪˭𣿡
ʦ˵ǸҶСӰɣǴԺˡЦ
ѩ仪üͷһ壺ʲô˼
æҶż޽Ժ黺˵ѾڴԺڴˣ˶ˣϾͬʦֵܣŭԼҵʲôǰ;ԡ
ѩ仪΢΢һЦȤһҲʡ鷳ˣϾǸһɲǡ
Ŷɻؿѩ仪
ѩ仪񣺡ʦܣ֪ҶʵΣ
ĽףٺЦԭֻ֮ϴμ޵˼޵ֱʯڽĽ֮硣
Ľ𣿡ѩ仪ǰЦ˵ʦܺҲĽ֮ɣ
ڨڨԴӼԺ󣬾һֱڿޡջñ䡷Ĳ㣬ģϾܹͻƵ֮ˣԣһǻõԺϺȡ
ѩ仪˰֣΢΢ЦʦˣҲû㣬ʵϴԻҲûϺȡֻһҪ㣬ʱȲҪͻƵ֮硣
Ŷ֪ʦʲôԸʱϲѩ仪ƨܾˣѩ仪һֱ־룬뵽õԺ
õԺĵԺͬԺѾѩ仪ƿأѩ仪ȵҪá
ȻҲΪõԺĵʵѩ仪ʦ
ԣҪڻõԺԵÿǾͱͶѩ仪С
лѩ仪£Ȼ
Ҷңϣܹȥ̨սѩ仪񣬵˵
΢΢һ㶣֪Ҷһôѩ仪ģ˵ɣϾҶŸոսѧԺһ㶼ûɰɣôĶ֡
£ͷˣһȥսڱչأ֪ʲôʱųء
ûϵҵȵ𡣡ѩ仪Ц
Ÿȥ


һǧ߰ʮ ս
ҶαչػʮԪʱ䣬ӡǺͻ֮ӡǵİ£ˡĲ㡣
ֻʱҶ͸źĵĹâÿһϸ׵˸·ÿһϸγ˶ɢһɿֲϢ
幦ڵʵ֮һսĽ֮л˭ܹӮңҶ𾪵
֪ڴԺĴԺ֮УԺġģһɹôͬУԺĵӶ޷֮⡣
ҲΪʲôԺ٣ۺʵȴŵĴԺڶλһԺ
⻹Ϊ̫ˣԺĴʦֶ죬ǾŽ֮ġȴֻǸոڰ˲㣬ԲԺĴʦ֣ܹھŲ㣬ôĴԺ޵Ķ֣Ժͻһˡ
ҶڷǳԼѡԺȷǷǳʺԼĹӡǺͻ֮ӡֻҪȵΪȥҲ̶߳ȡ
ڲĽ֮ΪڴԺڵ׵Ĵڡ
סеܣҶ۾׼֮
ڴʱӦϵͭڷ⡣
ףѵСĽңҶĿһɨ͸ʯݴţûʲôˡ
ô˵СĽڣôסʯݵĴš
ǣҶ۾СĽһ˿꣬ȴǻ۾
СĽЧǺãʮԪõʮԭʯ㽫۳һ˿ӰˡٹһʮԪҾ֮ܽˡҶһ˷ܡ
ͬʱҲΪʲôЩ֮ƴҪĽĸ
棬ûСĽĵطûлԭʯ⿿ԼޣʮԪһ
ʲôطԴҪġ
츳ٸߣûԴȻᱻ˦ں档
һԺͽ߽֮۷壬⻹ûĴԺ
ڵľ죬һžͽɳֱأ˲ڹȥô꣬Ծ쳬ԽԺԴΪѾ֪ˡ
ΪĳǴҽͻĽĽ紦Ի޷쵽˵أҶѾܾûϵˡ
壬Ҳᱻȥģ
Ҷš
ڵľȻԶԺ֮ǰõôԭʯԭʯԼĲࡣ
Ͼԭʯ̫ˣǾˣҲÿ춼ûԭʯ
ңΪߣҪķѵĻԭʯҲԽԽࡣ
Ҷھ͸оһԭʯѾˣٹãҪԭʯˡ
ˣˣˣʯݵĴٶ
΢Ϊ˷ֹŵʯˡ
ڴԺ˭ҴŵǵӣǴʦ֣ĴԺĵᱻԺɱ
ɣԺһδγֳʹ֮Ѿģû˸ҷ
֨
ҶţһŽɫֽʱԼǰдһս֣ǻõԺ
Ҫսң
ҶЩ졣
ڴԺǳе֮սֻҪͬĵӣͿԻսսߣܾܾ
ԺǳսΪǲϣԼĵֻһΪˣϣǸһʵսḻˡ
ϾԺĵԺҪҽĸǿߣʱս鲻Ϊȱ˸ߣпܱɱ
뵽Ҷ֣ǰսסʱһɫĹֱ񷡣
֪ͨλսҶĻõԺ
ҸԺã˵õԺĵ⣬ûеˣΪʲôҪսңҶЩɻ
ȻսҶҲҪ׼
ԷǴԺĵӣҲҴ⣬뱣Լ۷״̬
Ҷ廹ħӡţܹӳ
֮ǰҶ챻̲סҪ޵Լ⿪ӡʱе˼޵֮£Ҳȥż޵
ʱҶЩͷۣӡô⿪
޵ǲȥˣԺͬʦֵҲˣɫġ
ԺˣҶҲûʶˡ
οħһ˽֮Ҫ⿪ķӡҲһ˽֮ĵӡ
ĵӣڴԺҲָˡ
ˣҶҶȻ۾һԺиһϤӰ


һǧ߰ʮ Ʋ
סʯݣϴѾҶˣҶܿ˴˵ء
ʱʯݵǿŵģҶſڵʱ򣬶ЦѾˣԶֺҶֿɡ
δ䣬ѾſڣЦſҶ졣
Ҷ̨̤ף˽ȥɻؿ򶫷Щ˵֪Ҫ㣿
΢΢ЦҶʱһֱǴԺ˽ⲢǺܶడҶȻԺӣҲϢͬʱЩԵõһŹСŲ⡷Ժ˭֪ˣ޲ͨȻҵĻЩǰǷȱĲǺ׼ȷ
Ҷû뵽ֻı£Ժ»кܶͷֵĻᡣ
ѣԺҪʲô˵Ц⻰ҪǱһᱻˡ
Ҫ֪ԺĵӶԶְֺΪ˶󵽶ʱ򣬺ΪҶ㣬Ҫܴ۵ġ
ȴԸѸҶ㣬ⲻò˴۾
л֣Ҷл漴˵֮ǰԺ·ϣһҽǿץסȻߣϻǱ˷ӡҸոյ֪лõԺĵҪսң붫Ϊҽ⿪ϵķӡ
ǻõԺɣҪս飬ѾԺˣҲš˵ţƴҶļϣҶ첢ûֹ
ȻͶֻһΣҶ֪˶Լ޶⣬ҴԸҲθڡߣҲŶСĽ˺ֻ·һ
ףȻһλ˽֮ķӡҶְ㻹б£ܹһ˽֮ߡһ̽ʱΪȡ
ҶЦ˽սҳûߵġ˸ѡ
ҲûжʣֻǴ߶׾ͽ⿪Ҷϵķӡ
ɴ˿ɼȻҲһ˽֮ʵȴλħǿˡ
л֣Ҷܵһʱȭл
˰֣ЦȻѣǾͲҪ˵ʲôлˡˣ֪ΪʲôҪսȻǴԺս㲢ʶԩ޳ѵͲʲôԭ𣿡
Ҷ۾һУ綫ԣҺʹ˲ʶҲԩ޳ҲΪҪսҡпҪĥһ£ҸպĽףѡҡ
ҡͷԺֹһĽ֮Ժ͸ˣΪβЩϤˣһأңŽԺã²ɡһɣѾջñ䡷˵Ĳ㣬Ȼͬףʵǿˣдûʲô塣
ҶĵװһЦѶǴԺ֪ģ˶һˣ²ɡһ㣬ʵϣѾɵĲˡ
ԣȻҶҲ塣
գҶ΢΢ЦǾ붫һΰɡ
㻹ǲСҲ㣡Ȼһ£漴ҡͷҪ㣬ֻҪıվŵǻõԺĴʦѩ仪ͻˡ
ѩ仪֣Ҷͫ΢΢һ治ɫ򶨵˵ʲô˼
ЦſҶ죬ֵҶֲؾ裬Ҷûж⡣мҿԸ㣬ûԺ֮ǰѩ仪ΪЯѣ㣬һ˭
Ҷһû뵽ֱ£ܹɱҲ̫˰ɡ
ƺ֪Ҷ˼Ц˵Ҷֲؽţʵûֻ֣ùȣ˭
ȻˣΪѩ仪ỳңҶü
΢΢Цùǽĳǵıؾ֮أһԺͽԵ޹ΪùȣΪðսĽҽĽ紦Ҳ²⣬׷ɱĳˣԸӦҪıðңȻùȶ֣Ǿ˵׷ɱˣ϶Ҫǰĳǡ
Ҷ𺳲ѣ̫ˣȻֻùȣƲôǼֱ
ǰҶ죬˵ѾʹسǵʿĳǵˣֻҶһ
ⶼƲ⣬ʲô֤ݣҶ쵭˵
ҡҡͷ˵û֤ݣҴسʿ֪ѩ仪Ҳʹͬ⣬ȻҲƲЩˡңĸԣûκ֤ݣһ˿ɣֶԸˡ
Ҷһ鷳վڸǲסˡ


һǧ߰ʮ ս
ɫҶ죬˵Ҷ֣ӦҪСѩ仪ˣȻֻǻ㣬ĺ϶ֶԸġοҲµʲôȻܹ񣬱ȻҲս㣬Ҳֻһ̽Ȱս֮ϱչʱκβ㡣
Ҷ˵Ҫ̽Ǿ̽ɣ
˵գҶԶ˱ȭллָ㣬Ժ󶫷ʲôԸ˵ڣҪȥλõԺĵӣʲô¡
ЦҶ֣Ҹһȥ˳˵˵õԺĹջñ䡷
£һ뿪ʯݣŴԺ㳡ȥ
ҶսʱѾǰ㳡ˣΪռǴԺӾĵط
·ϣ˵ǴԺĴԺÿһԺһ޹صͬԺġһ幦ԺġϢһǿĹԺġ޾ս䡷ս
ǻõԺأҶ
õԺǡջñ䡷һĹǿˣʩչԼ棬ʵ
ҶͫһʵҲһģ걦Ѿͷˣ·ֻԼȥܹõšջñ䡷ٶȻٴǿϾǿˣҲһЩ
뵽Ҷ춼Ǹˣ򶫷ʵ֣֪ԺĵӣǷԺĹ
ԲؿҶһۣЦԺġ㻹ٷһ˵ĴԺĹû˻ɵ÷òʧΪԺĴʦ֣ôͿǵҪԺĹˡ
ҪΪʦְҶԿЦԺĴʦǶĴ綫죬һλŽ֮Ҳ˵ڰ˲㣬ڿԿġ
ҪԽ죬֪Ҫȵʲôʱ
ٺ٣ŬɡЦЦ漴˵Ҵ綫죬֮⣬Ժġ޾ս䡷սǳߣԺĴʦŷ޻ڡ
ҶԾȵŷ޻ʲô𣿾Ȼȶ컹Ҫ
ٺ٣ŷ޻ڿ˲ã̾ǴԺһУŷ޻λʦǿһҴ֮Ȼѩ仪ԺĴʦ
˵ŷ޻ҼΪž޵ˣΪԺĴʦֺ󣬾ͼĴԺ޹ҽÿŹ˼Ϊĵز硶ͱ˵ڰ˲㣬ҴҴֻĸֵۣǱǡɲ⡯
ҶԵһŷ޻ڻȻŹ˸Īĵزжǿ
Ҫ֪Ҷһš;Լ֮ͬ޵ˣŷ޻Ĵ󹦷սǿԽ˰ɡ
Ҷ֣ѩ仪Ҫǵŷ޻ڣˡ˵ҵõϢǴԺѾŷ޻ڶλԺصˣѧԺĵλͬλ
ӦˡǺǣҶɹȻЦ
˵֮䣬Ѿ˹㳡ϡ
ʱ㳡ѾۼǧˣĴԺûбչصĵӶսˡ
д·ԺһٶˣƳ˶֮⣬ȫˡ
ɵЦҶ֣治֪˵ʲôãһ͵ԺͬʦֵܣЩһ¶Цġ
ҶЦ
Ҳ밡
ƣǸվмİ´󺺣񡣡ȻָŹ㳡һ˵
ҶĿȥЩЦ֣ȴһ£Եòײࡣ
ʱҲҶ죬ѾлõԺӸҶݣʱһĿ⿴Ҷ졣
ʱҶоΧ˶ʧˣֻʣǰһˣΧռϢӿ
þҶɫһһ񣬾Ͱ˻þ
ҶɣһΪ㲻ˣȻˣǾͱϻˣһսɡ˵
ҶҲһ𣬱ΧĻý硣㳡룬ض
һ˿ȣȻղֻһҶȻôɾͽƽ⣬ӣô
˼ɵõЦ


һǧ߰ʮ 
㳡ϣȺӿ۷׷ס
ȤҶЩ£Ȼƽˡ
ܹԺģȻЩ£Ҳ˶ѡһͲˡ
ҶŽԺʮԪɣ츳ٺãҲͰѡڶ㣬Ѿѡջñ䡷Ĳˣʵ̫ˡ
˵ĻԺеӣڴԺ첻ȥˡ

Ҷսʱ򣬲Զ֮УҲվӰ
Ժ޺ͺߡ
ʦܣ˵СĸӮͺЦ˵
˵Ѿɡջñ䡷Ĳ㣬ΪҲĽ֮۷壬һսĽõ𣿡
ͺߺٺЦȻջñ䡷֮ͬУԺġǳ۵ģֻҪҶСˡĲ㣬ǾͿԻˡ
ҡҡͷߵѶж֪ģ츳õŷ޻ںͶ죬ɡĲʱҲķ߰ٸԪǴԺܳĵӣĲʱҲķٸԪѾõļ¼ˡ
˵޿еҶ죬˵ŹȥʮԪСӹƲĲƤëôܽɡ
ٺ٣Сӽǰĵͦģĺڴ֪ܴܲٸԪļ¼ͺߺٺЦҲΪҶܹڶ̶ʮԪɡĲ㡣

㳡ϣҶ˴˸ŰվǿվŲΧˣ֪Ѿ
һܽҶþοھô
ʱҶֻоһ罫֣ΧһƬҰĹ޳ɱǿ˻ѵأɱ
ҶȻ֪ΧһǻþǴơ
ġջñ䡷ҼĻҶɫֳϣ֮ϵɱΧĵˡ
ЩˣߣǻĹޣĽ֮۷弶𣬺һ
ħѨһ˺սħʵģЩþĵ鹹ġ
ǣ鹹ģûдƻþ֮ǰЩ鹹ĵ˾ʵġ
ټ٣ʵʵͣתǡջñ䡷Ŀ¡
걦䣬ƽ֮ͬǿ࣬Ȼ޷þҲ̫˰ɣ
ҶӶϣ֮ɫԽԽء
ڲףԼ걦͡ջñ䡷ֱصĲܱ࣬ȡ
Ҳԣšջñ䡷ǿߴĹȻ˴ġ걦䡷ǿ̫ˡ
ȻƣǾսɣ
Ҷս⾪죬ɢǿϢǰ޾ĵˣҿҲᱻڣˡޣ˺սҸûá
£Ҷ֮ǿϢһ㡶߶ʱսǣһӳ䣬ռ䶼˺ѿݻƬþ
䣡
һ˺ѻþʣһ˿âɱ
ֻػ˻֣㵲סһ˿âЦȻˡһ㣬Ҹղֻʩչջñ䡷һ㣬ʶһµڶ
߶ջñ䡷ڶ㣬һõĴ罵٣Ҷ֡
ôӣӿ£ռҲޱι̣׷Ҷ졣
Ȼ֮ͬгۣСӲ˵һ㣬޷ô硣
С䶨ˣ
ûȤһ㿴ͷûС

սҡҡͷ
ȴЩڴа룺ʮԪʱ䣬ŵĻӦÿɡڶ㣬ϣҶǰɣ֤ҵ󣿻죬졯ָ
˵գŹ㳡еҶ졣
ΪҶҪʱһɸǿϢҶڶ
ڶ㣬һȻˡ
СӲżԺʮԪɣȻˡڶ㣬츳ԺҲŵǰʮ˰ɡ
û뵽ˡ
ԺҪһˡ

Χ۵˾
ʱЦҹȻûп
㳡Уɫһ䣬żһڶΣ㿴ġջñ䡷
˵գһôѹ˹ȥ
ȻҶϵϢûֹǼǿ
㣡
Ҷ죬һ˺ô磬ƥâͬкâϯ
㳡ϣ˶ʱȻ𾪲ѡ


һǧ߰ʮ Ĳ
찡ҿʲôǵġ
żʮԪѣСӾȻѵ㡶ˣôܣ
ҼǵԺŷ޻ɵġҲһٶԪɣԺĶҲˣѵСڡϵʱǻҪߣ

㳡ϣһƬ
һЩ֮ǰûҶѧԱǣ˿̶Ҷ죬֮в˿Ц
ΪǷǳӵֿ츳Ҷ죬δԻԺĴʦ֡
죬ȻҲµûдҶ졣ȺУܣͬЩ˼顣
̶̼ʮԪ˵ġڴԺʷϣҲǰʮˡ
пǵһǵò̫
Ժʷ̫Զˡ
һȻ˵ġ㳡ϣɫޱѿ
û뵽ҶɵġʩչĲġջñ䡷ԱҶĵâһ˺ô磬ѳ˻þ
ƥĵ棬ϣһѪۡ
˵ֱһ衣
Ҫ֪ڴԺܣĳ衣
ΪĴԺĹѶȺܴһ˵ʱ䳤ʵ϶ǳԽʱ̵ġ
Ӧ˵Ĳġջñ䡷ɣҶһ˺ôĿؿ񣬵ָŶԷ˵
ֱǿơ
¶׹䣬ŭСӣͷɣΪɵġ޵𣿡
˵ͬʱʩչĲġջñ䡷һ˲䣬ôһ𣬷·ɽһҶѹ
ջñ䡷ǳÿһô綼ǳʵôһֱͬһʵ硣
ЩõĴУĽ֮۷ǿƳˮһӿҶ죬ֱҶħҪ࣬һȥأжٵˡ
ϾħѨħҲҪʱģõֻҪһҪٵ˾ٵˡ
Щ˵鹹ģΪǶô˹вô棬Щ˾Ͷʵġ
Ҳǡջñ䡷Ŀ֮õԺĵӣƾһУ˺սȺսǶܺη塣
ڴԺ֪ҪܻõԺĵӣͱҪȻǵô硣
СӣȥɣҲڶ̶̼ʮԪɡĲ㡣ôҶ죬ʱЦ
Ŀ£ĵ˳ҶɱȥֱҶһ˿ܵĻᡣ
磬㳡˶źеޱȵĽţǶЩˡ
ҶˣҲˣϾ̶̼ʮԪɵġ㣬ֻҪʱ䣬δԽָտɴ
̫޳ˣҲֻ۸һбЩɵĲ㡶սȥ
˵Ҷ첻ɵĲ㡶ɣ
ʲôЦʮԪҪɵĲġԺʷҲûеΪǻת

Χ۵۷׷ס
վȺУþҶ죬૵Ҷ֣Ѿ㹻ˣһսˣԺҲƲˡ
Զĸ߿УӰĿųеǵɫӰ
ûеĲġ޷ô磬ˡãһ̾תȥ
ͺ߲ɵ˵㲻ٿһ漣أ
һ٣ȴûлͷ˵ڶ̶̼ʮԪɵġѾǴԺʷһˣҪɵĲ㡶ǻת
˵꣬޼ǰȥ
ǰҪ֪ӵҲǻһǧٸԪ˵Ĳġͺ߰̾
ȻڴʱһѤ貵ĵ⣬ƻǺк£˺ʱռ䣬ô磬˹㳡Ժ
ʲôͺ۾һɣš
ѾԶȥԺޣҲ͵ػͷֱĿֲâĿһ٣漴г֮ɫ
Ĳ㣡
š
ͺ߾̬ǻתɣ
ͬʱ㳡ϾһƬ֮ϯԺ
ҿǼٵİɣһɵĲġˣ
ҿ˰ɣ
̫˼ˡ

˶ǰһĻˡ
Ҷ챬Ĳġһ˺ô磬ҵâش񣬽Ѫɡ


һǧ߰ʮ Ժ
Űڹ㳡ĳֵҶ죬˵϶֮ɫ
һȻ˵ĲġżʮԪѵǻת
ȺУΨжһ˷ܣҿԿ϶ˣ죬졯ָıҶ죬ˡָıҶǴԺʢҵġŲ⡷Ȼû
ˣ
㳡룬Ҷϣ֮俴
ҶĻжʱѪ𾪵ؿҶ죬вӿٳ޷ƽ
ǿǵĲġŷ޻ںͶҲ˾ŰٶԪɣǰҪʱ䣬ǾһǧԪ
ǰȻֻǻ˼ʮԪֱ췽̷
ǰ˸˵˿ԻѼʮԪɡĲ㣬ô϶ѾˣڣʵͰǰò漣
漣̤ʯ
ʣһս֮ҶѾԺᾪԺЩϵĴڡ
ȴֻһǽһҶ죬ġ
һ뵽Ժ˳Цĳɵٴ³һѪһ˿Ȼˣֱ˳СĽ磬ʧڹ㳡ϡ
Ҷ״ȻЩȻҡҡͷתȥ
㳡˿ǲÿһ·ĿҶԶȥ
ֻжЦһȥ
ʮԪȻˡǰĲ㣬ֻҪٸһЩʱ䣬һΪԺĴʦ֡
ܹ츳пܻŷ޻ΪĴԺĵһˡ
ιǲ£˻ỨѶʱɵġ
ġŷ޻ںͶ춼ԪҶܹ츳ҲҪǧԪɡ
ҲǼٸԪأ
ЦҪٸԪɵġҵڳʺ

Ҷȥһ۷׷ףһ߸ɢȥ
Ҷ֣ȴڶʱڣԺ
ĴԺĴʦ֣֪Ҷˡ
ʦܣ㻹ʲôҪ˵Զĸ߿УͺߵؿǰԺޣٺЦ
޳ĬƬ̣ſ˵ˣ츳ѹмҵĽҲ߲ݵظ콲Ҳڶ̶̼ʮԪǰĲġ
ǵȻˣҪ֪СӿǱѡ˰ͺ߰뵽
漴ͺ߳ʦܣӿصظģȻ֪ѡĸԺȥҲԺӾͽˣһҪصδԺǴԺп𡣡
츳ôصѵ¶Цݡ
ͺߺٺЦȻڡ츳ߣԼȥΪ̫ˣڴԺȫǵ׵ģ취һΪҲܹڶٸԪɵġ
ԣ˵ͷ˵ˣһ룬ľһΡ
Ͷͺ߹Ц뿪

Ժ
һѧԱǰ˵ʦ֣Ժһţ˼ʮԪ˵Ĳġ
۾ĮؿһۣʵΪǣ
Ľ֮ѧԱش
Ľ֮һʱͽ硣ԣ츳ٸߣҲûʲôϵһȥɡ
һЦ漴˵صעԺĴʦ֣ЩСһͲҪˡ
˵꣬±۾޾ս䡷

Ժ
ͬһѧԱǰŷ޻ڣŷ޻ԣһ̾ϧΪ̫ˣٸһ㣬пܳΪҵĶֻ֣ڴɵھŲġԺһֶҲǾ̫ˡ
ǰԺѧԱʱһ˶ϣ£Լλʦ־Ȼźûж֣Ǳ˴˵ľ

Ժ
Ҳϵ֪Ϣ¶Ŀ⣬̾Ժ㵮һţԺעһ£ڵˣϴνˣԺ磬ԺҪˡ
ǰϢԺæͷǶ֪Ҷ츳ȻҼˡ
˵ͱ۾ھŲġЩʦֿҶ츳ٸߣΪƻǲܶвġ


һǧ߰ʮ ľ
ιҶ֣ȵҡ
Ҷ뿪㳡ȥ;УӺЦǺ˵Ҷ֣ɳˣԺ¶̸㡣
Ҷ쵭һЦһĽ֮ʲô̸ֵ۵ģҡΪƻһ˽֮һƾҡ
ô˵Ȼﵽ֮˽ףҵġϢ㣬ҪսĻԺһɵ߲㡶߽ܻ֮ҡ
̾ǴԺΪǴҪģҪġڲĽ֮ŵȥֻҪħ;ˣôܱ֮նɱ
ҶԵ˵ͷЩɢûǿĹԲԽսʵ֮ͬкܵ͡
ЩԺĵӣӵǿĹֻҪѹͬ޵УԽսС
ҶԼΪЩ㣬ϾԺΪֱǵ׵ġ
ΪҲѧԱĶ֡
ҶȥúñչһΣͻƵ֮˵
ƺµҶ˼Ц˵Ҷ֣ʵǴԺҲѸΪı
ŶʲôҶʱͣסŲתͷ򶫷
ٺЦ˵ɳ𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷȻ˵嵱ɳһΪȻףĽˡ
˵ɳأħҲͬıǴԺȻ̫ǱǴԺľľСĽģ˵СĽıԴģӽĵطط˲֪ٱ
ҶԶʱ۾һѹСĽٶȻܿ죬ԭľԵʡֱ֪ڻľٶȸж죿
ϧԴӻ֮СĽڵҲ٣ҪľҪķѾ޴ԴСĽ磬Ȼ޷ľġ
źǴԺȫʢʱڣЩԴʲôʱÿԺĵӣܽľһʱ䡣ڣǴԺԴȱƽλԴЩˣﻹжԴľ
ô˵û취ľˡҶЦû뵽Ժû䵽̶ֳȡ
Ҷ֣Ҳż츳ΪԺĴʦֵģʱһνľĻᡣæ˵
Ҷҡͷ̾ҳΪ˴ʦ֣ΪҲȥˣȥľҲֻǽ
ô˵ҡͷ˵֪ܲڴԺλʦ֣ѽľǴλᱣҪȵԼʮ֮ʱٽľʱԽľһٽ硣
ҶĿһͷңҲôѡ񣬱ϾҪĻ̫Ӵˣֻڻľֵطͻƣõѡ񡣡
뻹нľĻᣬ츳ûлľˣԺ󻹲֪ҪôܽءЩĽؿҶ졣
ҶɹȻһЦ˵ⶼԺˣԺ˭˵һԺҲܳΪԺĴʦء
ڴʱһӰ
һʱɴ۾æݼ
ҶתͷһԺޣɵæ񣺡
Ƴһ۶漴Ҷ죬˵ҸһνľĻᣬʲôʱҪȥٸҡ
˵꣬޵ֱ̤뿪
Ҷ㶵ؿż޵뿪ıӰһŷӦ
ҡҿԽľ𣿡Ҷ㶵˵
ǵһ漴ĽؿҶ죬ϲҶ֣츳ܸߣǰһνľĻᣬǴԵҲֻеԺĴʦŷ޻ڵõִ
Ҳû뵽ողᵽľлȥҶڷӦˣʱϲ
ҲѹЩ㶣ʵϢ̫ͻȻˣ֮ǰ˼޵û뵽ԷľҶвɵó˸м
ⲻҲ˵ǵãոչ¶츳ȥľ׼صˡ
ҶһЦԼǰѼ޵ˣ˲С˹û⡣
Ҷ֣ȻˣҾͲˡһҪȰ㣬ҪȥľϾǰΪĲȴﵽ߽֮ʱȥľ˵һӾܴﵽŽ֮ΪԺĴʦ֡һҶ죬뿪ˡ


һǧ߰ʮ ޱ
Ŷ뿪ıӰҶЦҡͷ̾ûѩ仪вڣҵȻԸ߽֮ʱȥľڣұҪΪ
һΣѩ仪̽´εĻѩ仪¾Ҫˡ
ȻСĽ磬ѩ仪ɱһ˿꣬شȴΪָƶٶȼ
Ҫ֪ܴѻָģһЩĵرȻֻԼ
ղٵһ˿꣬ҪϰٸԪָܻʱǲСĽˡ
ѩ仪ַѹҶ죬ôҶͱʵˣרŻָưɡ
ѩ仪ѹͷҶºڴԺͷ
ңƽ˴ѹҶ죬ԺҲҶͷѩ仪ǻõԺĴʦ֣츳ҶԺΪҶѩ仪ֻ
ԣҶڱҪʵ׷ѩ仪Ҳܸѩ仪ѹԼĻᡣ
صԼʯݣҶóԭʯʼ
ľҪȥڣ֮ʱȥľҲ١Ҷܵһھ֮ѾԶˡ
ϾҶĲ㡶ʱһ˿ҲСĽʮԪѾﵽĽ֮ˡ

Ҷչʱ򣬻õԺڣѩ仪ɫޱȡ
û뵽һ츳Ȼôߣȶ춼ҪҪ׷ҵΪܹв
ҿ֮ǰ磬ǻõԺһȻܵѹơ
ѩ仪Ǹ׳գȻһ֮ɱԼˣǸ
Ѿȷˣ񲻿ҶɱģϾʱҶΪŴﵽ֮
ֻ˵ãùʱҽǿߣԲűɱˡ
ѩ仪ôҲ벻ҶϻħѨһ˰˽ס
ȻɱģҲҾΪǻõԺҲ𡣡
ѩ仪ɭЦ
ھѹҶ죬ѾΪ񱨳ˣҪΪõԺδв
Ժͬѩ仪ǻõԺ״ӣѾѻõԺӪһ飬Լ˶ĻõԺв
˰ѩ仪Ȼȵ
ʱ߽һõԺӣʦ֡
ҶСʲôѩ仪ʵ
õԺæ˵Ͷһ֮󣬾ͻȥչˣ;У޵һΣ֪˵Щʲô
޵ѩ仪üͷ޵Ҷ죬һҶ֮ˣֲõԤС
õԺĴʦ˵ѹһƽĵӺףԷõ˵صǾͲôѹˡ
ѩ仪ֲõԤУȵȥ鿴޵˵Щʲô
òˣڴʱһϵ˽
һ̣һɢǿϢģӰ档
õԺһʱŵùڵϣصݼ
ʦ𣡡ѩ仪Ҳһ
ǻõԺĵޱߣͬʱҲѩ仪ʦ
ȥɣޱ߶ڵϵĻõԺӰ˰֣Ӷʱɴ⣬Ϲ뿪
ѩ仪ɻʦǵõʲôϢ𣿡
ޱ˵Ǽһֽźܿ죬Ҷոչ¶˵츳ѾȥϻҶľĻᡣ
ʲôľѩ仪ɫ䣬˵ѵϻȺϲͬ飿ʦûֹ𣿡
ֹˣûãޱ˵Ժû̫ˣܵħϴѹȺϲϣһŵܹǴԺǰΪŷ޻ǿһλľΪҶͬһΣֻҪ˭չ¶˵츳ȺϲĻġ
ɶһҶǼһǿڶʱΪѩ仪ɫʱܵ˾޴в
ޱƳһۣ˵ǵϢһͳ嶯öѧϰѧϰŷ޻ڣҪ侲˼취ҶĽ֮𣬾ľһΣҲﵽ֮츳ٸߣŽ֮ɶв
УһԾҪʼˣʱ㰲żˣСĽһ˿ô˵ȥľˣȻָ˵ɡޱһ뿪ˡ
ѩ仪һЦһԾҪʼˣҶ죬һ׼һЩ


һǧ߰ʮһ Ե
ʮԪתۼСĽһʯڣҶ컺˫⼤ǿϢһţ
֮
Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴һ𣬱ͬͷĹһֱƲ񷣬ɢźޱߵϢ
ڵΪȥľһΣӦÿԽ߽֮ҶȫϢ¶ڴЦݡ
ֻҪ߽֮Ϊѩ仪ʱҲЩˣһ
ǣҶ˿ͣ͸Ժڵʯ
ʯڣ۾ŽҶ죬˵ھ׼ȥľҪ֪ǿǶ硣
ҳΪԺʦ֣ǻһλȥľ𣿡Ҷɻ
ҡҡͷ˵ľÿֻȥһΣȥˣ´ξΪԺʦ֣Ҳûлˡ
Ҷԣʱüͷ˵ھõᣬЩ˷ˡ
ϾΪͳʵǲֵһᡣ
ǵѩ仪вҶ컹ҧҾˣھȥľ
ðɣ޵˵ͷ漴Ҷ죬뿪ʯ
Զһѩѩ仪ż޵ȥķЦھȥľ𣿼ֱ˷ѣ׳գ
Щʦ֣ɶǰȥľĻţ׼硣
ϾҪ̫ӴˣڻĽʮܹ֮ﵽȴǳ١
ҪӴĻۣо˵츳
ЩԺĴʦ츳ǹˣıǻۣϾǻ£ʵ̫鷳ˡ
ԣǶȥľĻųǽʡ¡
ҶھʹѵõĻᣬѩ仪ɵö˼ۣ츳ϧĿǳ㲻ʲôв
УΪŻľΪҿ𣿼ֱЦ
ѩ仪ЦȻµҶھȥľĿģһҲġ
ҶڵΪףҲ߽֮
ѩ仪Ѿﵽ˾Ž֮Žףҽջñ䡷˵ڰ˲㡣
ҶΪ߽֮ǰҲǲһ
ߣΪԿľǡȴֻԼ
Ҷ츳ٸߣҪѡҲһ㣬ʱڸ첻
뵽ѩ仪Цһȥ

ʱҶ챻޵˻ľǰ
ڻľҶ֮ǰй룬û뵽ǰĽһڹžЩĿɿڴ
ڹž֪˶£ڶѾӲݣڵʯҲ̦
ҶǴԺ
ȥɣֻһԪʱ䣬ľԶųԱߴ޵Ļ
ҶȻɻ󣬵ߵľǰ˽ȥ
һȥҶʱ·޵׶˺ܾãףӾȻڼ½
½ĹУҶȴоΧĻԽԽ̶Ƭ֮䣬Ҷ췢ٶȣʹûԭʯʱٶȻҪ졣
ǻľİ𣿡
Ҷʱϲɫæʼ
ҶӼ½ٶԽԽ죬ӿͷ
ھףһůĻâҶ֣棬ǧǳɼƿԴõҶ˼顣
ڻԴ𣿡Ҷ𺳡
жôѣǷǳģÿһҪԼԪΪʱ䵥λҪµıչؿ޲С
棬Ҷȴо׾һֱһ
Ҷ첻˷ԵϿʼ
֮Ҷʹ֮ڽ֮ڣȻ֮ڡ֮۷塭
Ҷһ·֮磬˵
Źȥѣٶȼֱ
֪ôҶﵽ֮󣬾ͷֳһ˿񣬿ʼġ
ϾΪȻȥˣûнҲôսﲻԺҪ
ȻҶڻľʱüĵġġֶȻҵĽɫâһɫģӰüͶӰ˳ǰ
˭
Ҷһɵþһ
ǰɫӰݣֻǴӶԷϸܵһɲɣֺ嫵Ϣ
ɫӰûҶ죬ϥʼ
ǽҺͼ޵סһǡ
ȻҶɫǣ˽ġڻ֮ӡõĵøһģһ
˽ĵ򣬱Ȼ֮ӡ滹ҪҪ
ҶֻƬ̣͸оԼԵġѾͨҪ˶þɡ
һֱš


һǧ߰ʮ Բ
ġˣҶϥڻľ˼顣
Ź˼ѣҪǧԪɵĵ㡶Ȼ׾ٵˣҪԺȺ֪»һĿɿڴŰɡ
Ҷ첻ɵÿǰڼİɫģӰһ²⣬ôˣǴλǰ
Ҳֻλǰܶԡ˽⣬ӵĽЧ
ˣ޵ѡʮ㣬Ҳܶԡô˽⡣
ˣվֻˣôܱȵϴˡ
ǻ𣿡
Ҷ˵
ǰİɫģӰ΢΢һ漴ּ
ҶԿ϶ǻΪԺĴ󹦷ȫǻġ
žޣ޵лڻĽʱ򣬻Ľѹ磬ԺҲų߽ǿѧ֮һ
ʷϣҲֻһ۲ȼ磬λ£Ȼ֪ʱ䶼޷ĥ
ġ
Ҷܡ
лԸʮ㡣
˵ֻԵȻľҪöࡣ
ʱ󡭡
ġѶȱҶĻҪķ֮һԪʱ䣬Žɹ
⻹лԸҽûлԼĻл֮ӡҲúķǧԪɡ
Ҷ첻࣬⡶ѶδҲ̫ˡ
⻹ǵ㣬Ҫǵ߲ĻҪԪʱɣ
Ҫʮ㣬ҪټԪǿһӴְɡ
лҽҲﵽ߽֮磬ýɵ߲ġһҴ򲻹ѩ仪ҲԱİˡ
Ҷ찵뵽
Ѿͻ֮ﵽ߽֮
߽֮ôѩ仪Ž֮Ķ֣Էɱ㡣
ټϵ߲ġôҶҲаպѩ仪ˡ
ϾǿĵطǷҲ޷Խսȴֵ㼸Ĺ
ﵽ߽֮֮Ҷһ߲ġһ߼˷һ˿ʱ䡣
һԪʱ䣬ͿҪȥˡ
Ҷ𽥸ܵľųˣӿʼϸٶԽԽ
ϧˣٸһЩʱ䣬Ҿܴﵽ˽֮ˡҶЩź˵
ãͷ˵߲ġ
һλľִУ˵ǴԲұ֮лҪ˳
Ϊףס
䣡
ҶϸٶԽԽ죬ڵ˻ľ
ľԱߣ޵ѾȺڴˣҶ˫Ŀ貵⣬Ҷ¶һ顣
߽֮۷壡
ôܣ
޵˼ضҶ졣
ǵҶľ֮ǰŸոͻ֮֮ڡ
Ҷȴﵽ߽֮۷塣
ҶֹΪֱӽΪˡ
ôҶ쿴Щʧ̬ӣɵɻ
һ֪𣿲˭ľֻΪ׶࣬ӽ׵ģǴԺʷϣֻһ˴ﵽ
˭Ҷ첻ɵúʵ
޵¶֮ɫ˵Ǹ˾̫ԶˣѾˣǶĽִߣǴԺܳĵӣҲǳɾߵĵӡ
ĽִߣҶ𶯡
˵ˣΪ˲ϴ߽սһɱλǿߣֱ˫һ޵еϴڡ
ڣ͹ħǿ߶׽Ľ磬Ϊڼɵ˵Ĵڡ
ˣȻΪѾȥˣġڵĲ㣬ϽȥɣٹñǴԺԻˣҲú׼¡
޵Ҷһ䣬漴뿪
ҶҲ뿪ҡͷԼҪչڻľڣлġѾ߲ˡ
޵ȻؿҶΪǹʲôֻҪҶûչʾҲ
޵Ҳ˵˼άϾ̶һԪʱ䣬˭뵽Ҷѡ߲㣬Ѿ츳Ⱥˣֱˡ


һǧ߰ʮ Ի
ٴλصԼʯݣҶпѣ̶һԪʱ䣬ʹһ߽֮֮۷壬˵߲ġ
ϴμ޵Ҷ۲ЩԺĵӣʵߵĴʦֶǾŽ֮滹˽֮Ȼʮλ߽֮
Ҳ˵ҶڵΪԺѾǵ׵ˣܹŵǰʮ
ʵҶҿ϶ԼʵŵԺǰʮ
Ͼʮλ߽֮ԺӵУҲֻһ˰ѡ˵߲㣬ֻ˵㣬ȻҶĶ֡
ˣ
ͻȻ˵
ҶĿһɨʱ֪Ƕɵû˻֣Ŵ򿪡
ЦŴ߽Ҷ֣֮ǰҵ֪ͼ޵ȥͲµȥľˡⲻŹһԪͻˣҲ¶ˡ
ȻҶϵЦݶʱסˡ
ôҶЦſ򶫷
ʱɴ۾𾪵ؿҶ죺߽֮۷壿ôܣҼǵ֮ǰֻĽ֮֮ȥľҲﵽ߽֮ڣôﵽ߽֮۷壬˽ӽ׵Ϊ
˿̺֮ǰļ޵һ𺳡
Ҳ֪ô£Ҷ˰֣ʵв²⣬ҲԼõ˻֮ӡǣһлԲЧɡ
ϾСĽ綼ǻģʲôԵʣҲܹ⡣
Ҷ֣츳Ⱥľչ㡣ʵ벻Ȼֻ˵
ҶڨڨЦһ£漴ʵôп
֪ԺӴһЩ񣬻ϳ궼ڱչҲû취˭ĴԺĹѶ̫أ뱻˦ԶǾŬɡ
ʵϣЩϡԺǣͷޡ
ѾûĴԺֻϣͨԼŬʹôԺϣ
Ҷ֣ѵ㲻֪ٹñԻ𣿵ʱǶҪȥԣȻЩΣգеĻԵҲǺܴġ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ֮ǰڼ޵Ҳ˵ˣһμʱԷҲᵽˡ
Ҷ֮ǰҲѯһ£ԻǴԺʢ£ÿԻȫĵӶҪμӡ
ٹԪҪʼˡ˵ԻΪ֣һСĽԣɱСĽЩĹޣڶԣɱЩҽǿߣпҪɱҽ硣
˵֮ɫؿҶ죺Ҷ֣֮ǰ㣬ֻҪμӵһ־ˡСĽûΣգˣҲֻ˵һ˿꣬ٸԪָܻﵽ߽֮磬ǴԺĹأֻҪﵽ߽֮ϣҪͬʱμӵڶԡ
˵ڶԻΣգҲҪ뿪ĳǷΧλʦֵĴ£ѰҽǿߣлɱĴԺĵӵĻǾ͸ΣˣΪʱҪɱҽ磬ĵˡ
Ҷһɱҽ磿⻹Ƿ
Ҳҽ˶ɱĽˣĽ統ȻҲԴУ
Ҷ֣Ȼﵽ߽֮۷徳磬ġĲ㣬ʵڶԻǳΣա̾
Ҷ쵭һЦ˵İɣаգ
ġɲĲ㣬˵߲㣬Ҳû˵Ͼʵ̫ˣʱԺĹע
֪Ҷĵ˵Ҷ֣Ϊ֮ƣֻ취ˣ˵һǿķ֪ϴκԵǰѵֻһּѾ䲻Ϊˡ
ҶԵ˵ͷ֮ǰҲԹˣ˵߲ġǿޱȣһ߶ϣ֮ϣ֮ڲ·ܲҪһ
Ȼϣ֮ܶ꣬ЩϧҶҲףΪϣ֮绹Ҫġ
գҶ쿴򶫷ʵڴĳǲܶû磬Ҫȥﹺ
΢΢ЦǴԺˣҪ֪ǴԺһЩǰΪ֮ǰʹõòˣֻܷŷùȫԵͼ۳۸ǡ
м͸߼ļ۸Ƕ٣Ҳ֪ܸܲ𣡡ҶʵΨһļֵһԭʯˡ


һǧ߰ʮ 
ļ۸񲻺˵ϾЩЩģЩԺǰΪչǣͼۣǰ۳۸ǣҲǴԺһ
˵ٺЦſҶ죬˵ǴԺǰϲˣҶţȥԺǰҲͻ㡣
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣˵ԺȷչЩˡ
ϾЩ˵߼
ˣҶ֣ǴԺûԭʯ׵ģɲãȥǹܼҰѻһɻԭʯС˵
ҶЦûжٻ㣬ǻʯ
ҶЩԵ΢΢ؿҶһۣԭʯ֪ģû뵽ҶУ˵ҾͲ˵ˣһԭʯܹһЩƷʺõġмҪʮҵĻԭʯˣ߼ܹҪٶԭʯڼƷͱˣǵҪǧԭʯ
Ҷԣʱϲ֮ǰڿõĻԭʯǻʣһ鰡û뵽ֵôߡ
뵽Ҷ첻ɵЩʹϧԼ֮ǰľٶҪ֪֮ǰǸħѨʮԭʯ򵽶ټƷ
ȻҶҲûкڣϾħѨ˽ףҲܻԺ
뵽Ҷ쿴򶫷˵ھҪһЩʶԺЩǰ𣿰ָһ¡
Է˷ۣԺĵӣôʶԺǰ
漴ʲôͻȻЦʵһʶһԺǰȻҲʶǸˡ
˭Ҷɻ˵֮⣬ûмʲôԺǰ
ҶӣɵùЦشŵһƹӣʵԺǰεҲǵ޵ʦ֣ʵɲⰡ
ҶԾû뵽ǸɢľƹȻ
ȻԺǰεҲһλϰɣôڿشأҶ漴ɻ
ٺЦϼһǰȾ£ԱԺĵݣȥشš
ҶЩЦãλǰиԡ
ϼһƢЩŹ֣㵽ʱСĵ㡣һ䣬漴˵ոճأҾͲˣԿʼʱ㡣
Ҷæͣмлָ㡣
Ҷʦֵܣǧô˵Ժ˵һҪæء˰֣漴뿪Ҷʯݡ
ҶݱչأϣͻƵ˽֮硣
ı壬򻺻۾뿪ʯݣŴԺĴȥ
ʱСĽһֵϣ綫һ
ƳԱߵĵܵܶһۣ˵ԺҶߵĺܽ
ٺ٣磬֪Ų⣬Ȼ֪δǰ;ôܲǰã΢΢Ц
һ㶣漴ߵ㵱Ժŷ޻һԼԺ
˵ͷ漴˵ҵȷڽŷ޻ڣҽԺҲΪϢϾŲأϢҿٻָƣӳҵ
첻˵ԼܵҲŲ⣬ܵܿЩԺĵδǰ;ܺãǰ֮ã˲Ǳѡ
ŷ޻ڡ
ŷ޻ڣڴԺͿԺߣ˭ҵ
˵ڴԺһҲλʦ֡
ܶ˶ΪԺεĴʦ֡
ˣ磬ѸһϢҶľΪѾ߽֮۷壬ҪŬɵھŲġĻʦֵλӾҪóˡ
Цһ첽ȥ
쿴ŶıӰ˼飺߽֮۷壿Ǽһڻľ˽ӽ׵Ϊ
ڴԺôãȻ֪ʲô
Ҫ˵Ҷвмһˡ
ΪΪԿľȥǡȴֻԼޣⲻǶʱڿġ
Ҷܹвʱ¶Ѿ𣬳ΪԺһλˡ
Ҷ죬˼ҵҪܲܳΪڶŷ޻ڣ
һ漴ȥ

ʱҶı壬Ѿ˴ԺĴſڡ
˵ǸͺߣǰԺžƺں˯
Ҷ첻ɵ˵һһλһƶûа


һǧ߰ʮ 
ǰǰ
Ҷ첻ɵе
ͺҰҰ촽ȻƵ۾۾Ҷһۣ˵СӣڻľΪϽȥʲô
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ϾԻˣǰﹺһЩ
ޣӦԺǰȥͺ߰˰֣˵
ҶЦǰԺǰ𣿡
ͺ۾һɣ֪ҵݣǼǼһ˵𣿡
Ƕ˵ģҶϵذѶˣһҲû˿С
Сӣͺɫһƺڿô
ʱСĽոջصʯݵĶɵûһ鲻Խش˸
֣ôôͻȻ֮оô䣿ֹ
Լһ£־ȻǴ֮ףŵϽչʱڲҳȥˡ

ԺţͺȤؿǰҶ죬˵Ȼ֪ҵݣ˵˵Ҫʲô͵У𣿡
Ҷһ㶣漴Щ˵ܹ𣿶˵ǰԺǰεԺĵǷǳչ˵ģһ붼ǰ۳ۣ츳ȽϺõģѸ͵ġѵ𣿡
˵⻰ʱҶĬĬ߶ţ֣ҰҲ᲻Щԭʯ
ȻͺԴŭ뷴˵ڣϾĻǾʵԼչġ
뵽ͺҧгݣ޲ȥҶж˿顣
ǰѵ𣿡Ҷٴʵ
ǰҶ죬ͺߵС˵ĲҵȷչǰۣƾСҲ𣿡
ûѸѵǰҵ츳УҶɻ
ͺЦһȻ·͸Ҷ˼ߵСӣΪҲ֪˼ǰˣΪϺͿ𣿡
Ǻǣǰˣǻ̸̸۰ɣҶɿ£ڨڨһЦ
ͺЦСӣ˵ӲչԺţ֮ǰ˵ĲġڽһٸԪɵġӾһƷ
һٸԪɵġǾ֤ҶţһƷʲô
ҶȴǴϲæ׷ʵǰ˵İҲ˵ġ˵ġô죿
ͺŭЦСӣ˲ĻСΪ·ߵĴײɹӵʮԪɵġһٸԪھҪɣѲӵʮԪȥ𣿡
ҶڨڨһЦǰⲻǼһɹأ
ҪǳɹˣҾһͺЦǾҶ̫˳ˣѾ˿ԸЩɸˡ
Ҷɻ𣿡
ͺһ漴͵Ǹ֮õģǸõģ˵
ȻҶ˵ͷǵʵжǿǷǳģҶһ־ͶӰ׺ɱ˽׵֮ʵǿޱȣ
Ȼǵ϶ͬСɣҶ첻ɵ˷Լ׬ˡ
ôСӣ׼ʲôȼͺЩͷشߴٵҶ̫ˣڿҲЩ˳ˡ
츳ٸΣ̫ˣԿɾҲ̫ߡ
ͺ߶Ҷӡʱ
Ҷȴǲ֪ͺߵ뷨æ˵ҪһļƷܹҵġӳ޴
ͺߵӾģӵȻʺģСãӵõǰۣһƷҲҪһǧԭʯСӸ𣿡
ٺ٣ЩԭʯһЩġҶٺЦ
ͺһû뵽ǰСӾȻôԭʯԼҪѪˡ
գͺһóһͨɫľ޴󳤵Ҷ˵ϷΪԺʦʱõļƷ˵ӺŪ㣬ѵڼƷжڶģǰۣҲҪǧʯ
Уѵأġûɵ㣬Ǹ᲻ģֻɵġǿѵֻġﵽ߲㣬ܷӳѵ
˵꣬ͺϷŰؿҶ졣
Ӹõģ˵ӲչСб
Сѵõõ
ͺжš


һǧ߰ʮ 
Ҷɫصؿͺеĺɫѵһ˶೤ޱȣɢһɼصϢΧĿռ䰼ȥ·Ƭռ䶼ܲסѵ
ʣȷһͺûƭ
ͺߵĻҶаһЦ֪ͺڹΪ
ϧһΣעҪͺߴѪˡ
ǣҶ΢΢ЦǰѵҺϲҾѡѵˡˣǧԭʯǰ顣
˵գҶ˻֣ǧԭʯƾճ֣ͺ߷ȥ
ͺͬӻ֣ǧԭʯʧʼնûеؿҶ죬˵ҲҪõУò㻹ǹԹԻȥɣʲôʱ˵ġȡѵ
ˣھͿԴѵҶ˵գһֻ־ץ򵶱
ͺһϷŰؿҶ죬ЦѼӲ᲻Ͷˡ
Ȼû˵꣬ҶѾѵ
ʲôͺŴͣ𾪵ؿҶ졣
ҶеĺɫЦǰҲǺҲǿʺˣлǰ
ͺ߿Ҷ趯ɫŵ˵˵ġܹôӶѵԲǵġͿ԰õġ
ҶӶ˼ºɫȻָһɫգȻҶȥһָȵؽסˡ
ͺ߿һĻ۾ɵϴ󣬾ġֻɵġôõ
ҶɫٺЦǰǰý˵ġղ˵Ҫɵġһ
ͺ⻰㱻ѪĵԼĵùˡ
һƷеļƷҪѸһʧҲ̫ˡ
뵽ͺ۾Ҷ죬·ڿɱһ˵СӸճز֮ΪڻľɵġһԪʱ䣬ô쵽ģ
Ҳ֪ˡҶ̯˫֣Щ޹˵ܸܲ߶ԷлԸɣϾ̫ˣ֪
ͺɫһ飬ԼʮԪɵĵ㡶ԷһԪˣѲһĻȥ
ûжԱȾû˺
ͺвҺ
ǰǰ˵ҪһأҶ쿴ͺɫԾæʵϼһҪˣǸϽŻ뿪ΪȻ¾ˡ
ߣȥɣϽӹӿ㡣ͺԶҶһɫսףҶŭ
Ҷ쿴ͺ߷ŭɫսףȾܡ
Ժſڣͺ߿ҶȥıӰɵŭС˵ӾԲŹ㣡
ͺߵԺǿϢֱԺ
ԺѧԱŵþѣͺߵɵ֮ɫ
ôħͷˣ
ˣˡ
û뵽Ҳн죬

ѧԱ۷׷ס
ݶ˵ЩأһЩȴ֪ݡ
Ժĳ䣬һͨͨɨأҡҡͷֶ̾Ի̫ˣ
˿̣һʯ֮УҲˡ
ô£ħͷôᷢôĻСүҿһֱڱչؿޣûе
˼⡣
ԴҲ벻ԼᱻҶˡ
ʱҶػصԼʯݣóɫϸۿֵϵšħ֣ѵ־ͽнħˡ
뵽Լֻǧԭʯ͵õһƷһҶ˷ܲѡ
ˣǼ
ҶæóǼɫսףǰûüۿʱһʱս׺ͽħƥ䡣
ϼһΪ˻֪˽ħһԵսסҶ찵뵽
漴˷õĻӦúǿѩ仪͸еˡ
ѩ仪ӵмƷƷҲ᲻ˣͺȫǱˣȻҲܰⶫ͸
ϲǿҶȻʼ


һǧ߰ʮ Կʼ
֮ҶҲõ̺֮ϢǱɫȷħзӡʮ׽֮аħǿ߿˫ɱԽħΪһħ
ѽħеʮ׽ٷӡô׽⿪ģӦǰʮġÿһ㡶ܽ⿪һ׽ٷӡҶɵ߲ġôֻܽ⿪߲׽ٷӡ
ҶȻûмļƷȴΪѽħǼƷеļƷûн⿪ʮ׽ٷӡ˵ڼƷ⿪ʮ׽ٷӡôѾԽƷ޽ӽˡ
ҶѵҪĻһԭʯпܴõȴǧԭʯˣ׬ˡ
ȻҶ쾪ϲģɫսס
ǻսֻǳĻҲԶԶƷ
ɫս֮Ҷе֪ɫս׽ħսףֹ̺ܣһͷųħ֮⣬ڷԵļܣǳǿҶµĹ
һǼħս̺ĺħ֮˫սҶ߽֮ƿٱս⼸ǿҶԽһˡ
ħս׺ͽħѩ仪кξ壿Ҷ¶ŵЦݣ޷ѩ仪вҲӵоԱİˣֻҪǿߣ֮ҪɱĴڣٵÿ
֮󣬽Ҷ쿪ʼԼĳʼʹѸӦսӶԼȫսӳ
ϾһֻͻȻ֮˴϶ӦġһӤӵ˴˵ҲϾѧ·̫죬ҪһʱӦ
Ҷ컨һԪʱ䣬Ӧս۷塣
ʱ䣬ҶϣԾͻƵ˽֮硣ϧֱԻʼˣҲûгɹ

СĽ硣
дԺӣʱԺһѧԱӱչ֮漴׷ǰ㳡ϼϡ
Ƕ֪ԻʼˣҲ֪
Ҷʯݴŵʱһɫ·ĶԹضҶ죬漴ЦҶ֣ұ㺦ˡ
Ҷʱͺ߿϶ҶˣɵЩΣϾЩص
ģûг㣬ڹҾͰ㿹ˡٴ˵
Ҷм֮ɫǸ˵Ǹ֣ҵĴǷһ顣
¶ЦݣٺЦʶ࣬ˣҺôң״ħͷʲôö㲻֪Ҿһȭߣħͷֶζڲ˵ұԴ£۵ȥôŭһʧܴ󡣡
Ҷ΢΢һЦħ¶˳ɫĳɢĹâصϢΧռ䶼Ť
״һ𾪵ؿҶ죺ѲǽħħͷΪԺʦʱõƾѵѹλʦ֣ڵŷ޻һ۴ԺĴԺ
˵Ȼ˵˵ڼƷжǼƷӽѹħͷôŭ˶ٻԭʯģ
Ҷ΢΢Цǧ飡
һʱĽ׬ˣҴ綫쵱ȥѵǧԭʯûȻǧԭʯϼһڶˡ
ҶԣյߣҪ㣬Ҵ˸ģһ
ʲôԾæסͣ𺳵ؿҶ죬Ҷ֣㲻ǿЦɣ
ǿǻûС
ҶٺЦûɵġˣѸһ
Ҷûһö˲ദʱֵýύϾԻˣһΣգҶ϶ҪʹãʱȻס
ȴǱҶĻˣŴͣĿɿڴؿҶ죬ŵڡġԲۣŶãˣ
Ҳڡ츳Խ棬Խ˳֡ҶЦʵڲ֪ô⣬ֻˡ
ԿЦһҪԻСѩ仪ڿѩ仪Գ֣κβ㣬ҲòҶˡ


һǧ߰ʮ 
ĻҶмҪлл㡣
ٺ٣ħͷӵôңҲ㱳ڹֵ˰֡
˵Ȼ뵽ʲôͣסŲڴؿҶ죬ʵҶ֣ǸңǲҲ˵߲ġ
ŶڴҶû˵ͷ˵
˻ԵһѾ֪ôԼˣϢʵ̫ˣղһϢѾ𺳵ϰˡ
ǿǡǴԺĹɲ·ߵĴײˡ
Ź˶ãҶһȻ˵߲㣬츳Ѿˡ
Ҷһȣʲô죬ʲôŷ޻ڣǴԺʷϵĳǣҶһȣһȺֵһᡣ
죬ҵġŲ⡷Ȼû졯ԾָҶ졣а뵽ͬʱҲǳԼύҶ죬һŷ޻ڻҪǿǱɡ
뵽ɵɫѵҶֳ֣츳ʵ̫ˣνľַش֮ԻҾһԼʵ
ҶԲ㲻Σѩ仪ѾκβˣԺǰѵݲһ
ߵǰȻ˼ǰͲųĶһЩǻõԺһȴںܾ֮ǰζǶȨƿغܽÿһõԺʦֶʦͽܵĹϵЩһŬ£õԺѾԳһǴԺһĴڡ
Ҷ𾪵ѵԺ𣿡
ЦԺʵǿޱȣɲںЩٻõԺ˻սԺȨǶӾͲһˡѩ仪õԺĴʦ֣»õԺĵҲ㲻˳ˣƻѩ仪ѹ㡣
Ѳһҳ֣Ҷɫ
ҡҡͷ˵ֵǲڣһҪѹ㣬кܶ෽ġ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ˣ򲻵ѣǲչֳʵġ
ٺЦͶһʵǶһơȱٵȻʱ䣬ֻҪʱ䣬ΪԺĴʦ֣ôõԺĵҪѹҲôˣٻԺǰͷ
˵˵ˣȻǸħͷħͷΪ˻ǲģԽ˺һ¹ϵħͷ񲣬ģʵʵǷǳǿģڵĵҪǿö࣬㣬õԺĵҲκβ㡣
ҶԿЦҰӵôңڿҹƶҧгݣһپˣﻹҡ
ٺ٣ֻҪ츳ãϼһῴ˳۵ġˣϼһϲȾƣʲôʱ͵þƸˡЦ
˵֮࣬Ѿ˹㳡ϡ
ʱ㳡ϾۼǧˣҶƴԺѧԱǶˡ
Ҷ쿴ԺĵǶվǰɵöԶ˵ȹȥˡ
ã˵ͷҲԺǱȥ
Ϊǰ˽֮ټŵԺڶλǰ棬ԺĴʦŷ޻ڣţҲû˸ɶ
ŷ޻Ƴ˲ԶҶһۣ˵˾Ҷ죿ܿ
ԺٺЦ˴ԺԺĵһ˾Ҫóˡ
ŷ޻ԵһЦѣҲںҵϣԿɳ´ħȺһҲһ֡
ŷ޻ᵽħɫһԺЩȷû
𿴴Ժһŷ޻ڣŷ޻ĵӣħɲֹһˣбŷ޻ڸĴڡ
Ժ졢ħĽĴѧԺѾ˺ܶ꣬ڼõԺҲԽԽˡ
ģܿһˡ漴˵뵽ҶʵгšԺԿҶֻʣʱˡ
ϣɣŷ޻˼ص˵ͷ

ԶҶ߽ԺǵľۼģһŶվš
޼״˵Ҷ죬ŵʮλסˣǴԺʵսӡ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ߵǰ棬ǰһλ֮ЩĽؿҶһۣ漴󼸲óһλҶ졣
лҶ˵ͷ漴վ˽ȥ
޵ջĿ⡣


һǧ߰ʮ ʯƽԭ
ԺĹ㳡ϣλһѧԱۣλڸԼѧԱǽԻĹ򣬼ÿζһģҪһġ
ֻԺ޵˵СĽڵĻĹ޷ΪʮӦʮ֮ȻЩĹǿʵԶͬ׵ֻ֮нӦĽλܽնɱ
ĹأɱһĹõĻΪһɱĹõĻΪʮĹΪһ٣ļĹΪһǧ弶ĹΪһĹΪʮ߼ĹΪһ򣬰˼ĹΪһǧ򣬾żĹΪһڣʮĹΪʮڡ
ʱΪ£֮󣬰ǻŽһһƷǰʮһ߼ǰһмǰһĴԺܻһÿѧԱһٿԭʯܻڶÿѧԱʮԭʯ

޵˵ЩҶԿΧʦֵ۾ˡ
Ҳѹ֣ԴӴԺû֮ЩѧԱõԴҲ˺ܶ࣬ǲŷǳڴԻķ
Ҷǰһλ˽֮ʦֵ˵ҶŬһ㣬ǲܻһһҪסܻڶλӣ𱻻õԺȥˡ
Դŷ޻ԺһֱռԻֵܻһ˭Ҳ޷
ԺףԺͻõԺռݵڶ͵Ժʵ
Ժ٣ЩǾӢǿߵԺһġ
ԻĻ֣𵽾õģЩǿߵĻ֡ЩͼѧԱɱٶĵͼĹޣҲȲ϶ɱһֻ˽׻Ĺ޵Ļֶࡣ
˵Ϊﵽ߽֮ϣܾԼԺܻ
ԺĵλĵģΪǵԺһ߽֮Ҷ죬ʵǿ࣬סڶӦûġ
ʱԺ޿Ĵʦֶ죬˵¼ӡʯŸǣ
ǣ˵ͷ漴תʼ¼ӡʯһɫʯͷȭͷСɢŵĹΡ
ڶ췢ż¼ӡʯʱ򣬼޵Ҳڽ͵СĽĻĹ޶СĽڵıԴݻģǻɱĻĹޣǶữΪԭʼĵȻ󱻼¼ӡʯգӶԼ¼ǵĻ֡
򣡡
Ҷеļ¼ӡʯЩ棬ԭЩĹ޶ǵʵĴڡ
ҲԣСĽ籾Ͳһʵ磬ǲˣǷֳһ˿һУȻҲʵģȫСĽڵĵݻɡ
ȵ췢еļ¼ӡʯ֮˾͵ȴԻĿʼ
˲ãӵٶεӵù㳡
˵ǰʱһ޴Ŀռѷ졣
޵ˣɵôȵȥ
ͷһǰĿռѷ֮УѧԱθȥ
㳡ϵѧԱȫǰĿռѷȥҶҲ⣬һƬδ֪Ŀռѷ֮С
ΧĻһζҶӸ߸ߵ׹Ȼȵһ޴ʯͷ档
ܣĿԶ
Ҷ췢һƬʯƽԭΧһӰûУֻҷɳռ䡣
ԭǵѷ˶ɢôһֻĹ޶ûУҵûôɣ
Ҷ΢˼Ƭ̣ǰȥٶȺܿ죬ֻϲܷеСĽ磬ٶѾҪﵽ˼¡
ֻµʱ䣬Ϊ˻֣Ҷ쵱Ȼ˷ʱ䣬ÿҵĹ޵ټ
ȻûҶܳԶо濪ʼһʯߴɵ˿УΪƬ
ҶǰĴأͬһ㣬һѷ֣֩һ˷ȥԵôĿġ
ԭڵصףҶɫһʱȻСĽ磬һ˿壬޷̽µԲŷִ
Ҷ죬û뵽ǾȻֵһ飬ʦֵĽҵˣͻȻдһЦ
ҶĿȥȴǿгһѷ죬һ꣬һʯ棬ؿ
õԺģҶһԷ·֪ԷԻõԺԷᵽĴʦ֣϶ѩ仪ˡ
Ȼѩ仪ûõԺĵ鷳ֻû뵽ôɣպһõԺĵӷֵҶ츽
𣡡ͻȻ汬Ʒ˼ٿʯ
ҶõԺ֮䣬һֻ;޴Ľɫϴӵص˳ӴһɽɢųصѹȸС


һǧ߰ʮ ɱ
߼Ĺ޳սϣԶõԺĵӿǰֻͻȻֵĹޣʱɫ
ȻҲһλ߽֮ġջñ䡷˵㣬ʵҪնɱֻսϣҪһ
ңڶ棬һҶء
˿̣ҶҲЩ𾪣û뵽ԻŸոտʼһֻ߼ĹޣҪǽնɱһӾ͵õһ֣Ǿ޴ջ
ǸõԺĵһ׹ؿȻȽ鷳С
˵ʱ٣ʱ졣
ҶͶĻõԺӼͬʱ֡
ɱҶһ߶ųսϵĹһóϣ֮ݺݵĻõԺӣֺ顣
ȻõԺֱһΪţΪŵӰҶ죬ÿӰϢǿɱ¶ֲ˭
󣡡Ҷһжʱսʶǿ̾뵽˽İ취˫͵һף˲һԾ˳սϵͷϡ
õԺĵӳ˹ȴսϵĴָɣ˸ʱֻʣһҲˡ
ҶҲùվڳսϵͷѾ׼ŭֻĹޣŭŻӶ˫ȭҶᵶס˶оһ
ǿɵ߲ġ¾ҪһȭɳȥˡҶ찵Ծ
ΪʲôղõԺӻᱻˣֻսϵ̫ǿˡ
ô磡ڴʱԶõԺӵĴ
漴ôѹҶͳսһֽȥ
Ҷɫһ壬ض˱仯µĳսʧˣֻʣһ꣬λõԺĵӡ
Ҷ죬û뵽㾹ȻԵסսϵһȭҵСˡôѹ֮£ûɵġΪﵽ߽֮磬һҪ
棬Цֻ˻֣ΧʱǿҶӿ
Ҷɫһ䣬Ӽ̱ǰİ꣬ߵȻˣҾɱ㣬ô㲻ơ
Ȼȴ¶ЦݣȻ㲻һȭҶ
Ҷ룬һȥû뵽İޱǿһȭ֮£Ȼϣ֮
ôܣ
Ҷ쾪ɫ䣬弫ٺˡ
ЦҲˣ
Ҷȴɻض꣬õԺĵôӵǿֲѩ仪Ĵʦ֣ˡôǿŶԡ
˭ܱȵԺĵӣ
Ҷ죬ȥɣûҶ룬Ѿɱ˫ȭӶղǿһɡ
Ҷٵӭһײ֮£ٴθܵ˰ȭͷĿֲʱϬӿֳȻ
ⲻ壬ǳսϣûþɱҵ˫ۣҺͳսɱҶ˵
Щȣ漴Ц֪ΣƬôսֻһˣ㲻Ҳɱ㡣
˵գٶɱܵԷȭͷϵľ޴ҶԽ϶ǰǳսϣõԺӣӦô档
ƳôУҶգ漴ϣ֮ó˽ħͨɫĵΧĹâһֲڹγɵâ˺գô顣
ǰİҲ֮ʧȡ֮һֻӴĳսϡ
ȻֻսϱõԺĵԸҶ죬ô֮ҲЩãžͳҶɱ
ԶΪô˷֮˵õԺӣŵضںͳսϴսҶ죬ɫû뵽㾹ȻӵһƷһ˵ġѹֿƵҵô硣
ΪҶżƷû뵽Ҷɵġǵ߲ġΪʵ̫ˡ
ʵϣ֪ҶɵġλõԺĵӾѾ𺳲ˡ
Ҫ֪ϴҶչֵĲġŹȥ˲ʮԪѣٶδҲ̫˰ɡ
أ
ԶսϵĲҽ
óħ֮ҶսǣƬ֮䣬ɱ˳սϡ
ȥĳսϣʬ廯Ϊ򣬱Ҷϵļ¼ӡʯգʹɫĹֳɫĹâ
õԺĵӼ״ת뿪ͷҲء
ҶȻ׷ȥ


һǧ߰ʮһ ״
ܲģҶһǰĻõԺӣȵ
޾ĵâпأ֮ˮк£ӿȵĵˣõԺĵӣƬն޾ĵŰš
һֻأõԺӻͷһ˫Ŀ˫ӣȻΪһڶâɡ
˼ҶһЦʱ߶㣬⿪ħ׽ٷӡʱһɿֲĵɢ˾㤵Ϣ
һ̣Ҷӵɫħ˺ޣնƻ硣ңǺɫĵϣ׵編Яһ֮ǰĻõԺӺ
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õԺӾһɫħͷսôӵУ
뿪СĽȥɡҶЦţһݺݵ
õԺ֡
ҶġŽħ˾˵׽ٷӡٻ׵磬ޱߵ׺ֱӽõԺû
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õԺѪɣؿһѪۣɫޱɷסֵؿҶ죬æ˵㲻ɱңǴԺֹ֮以ɱ
ҶᵶЦСĽ磬ɱ㣬Ҳֻʧһ˿ѣٸԪͻָˡ
õԺĵɫһ䣬ȻٸԪǾ˷˼ٸԪʱ䡣
ο߽׵֮ȲСĽԻ󣬻ҪԻģʱ˲μӣõĻпܻᱻҽǿɱ
뵽õԺĵæ˵Ҷ죬ֻҪ㲻ɱңҿԽѡҿ׸㣬ѩ仪ʦһ߼ǻõԺĵӶ׼ɱ㡣ܹңҿ͵͵㴫Ϣ㱻ǻõԺĵ׷ɱ
ҶԳû뵽ҾȻֵֻһ߼ѩ仪δҲ̫Сˡ
˵꣬Ҷٶȴ߶ħ׽ٷӡһ𱬷Яһ֮նǰĻõԺӡ
ɱҵˣһҲŹҲһ
Ҷһ䣬նɱǰõԺĵӡ
Ҷ죬ҵţҰﻪǲŹġõԺʧǰԹصҶ졣
ʵ̫ˣΪһ߽֮Ȼһֶûлã㱻̭ˡ
ԣҶ졣
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Ҷɱﻪٴξε֮ǰǴθӾ޴ʯƽԭ
Ҳ˳սϵ˰ɣҶɫһ䣬ɨΧ
𣡡һֻֻս˵صףҶӿǱʯƽԭڲ
мֻսϣȫǳģ˷ɱҶ졣
Ҷ䣬һħ߲׽ٷӡһ⿪Ҳ߶˵߲㣬ɱǰĳսϡ
ԼֻսϣҶ첻ʵûжúħս⣬Ѿսȫˡ
ʱҶ죬һħһͺһֻսϣʮܽնɱս֮ǰǿ˺ܶ౶
ǵ㡶͵߲㡶֮Ĳࡣ
ղҶԸﻪһܽնɱϾﻪûгսֲֿķ
öְ
Ҷɱһֻֻսϣϼ¼ӡʯɫҲӵɫѸٱΪǳɫȻɫչ

ʱڴԺһʯڣﻪ͵۾һѪ
Ҷ죡ﻪս˫ȭҧгݡ
ٴηֳһ˿꣬СĽ硣
һСĽ磬ﻪϸԺĹ㳡ϡ
˿̣ĴԺĵڴ˵ء
õԺĵޱ߿ﻪɫ΢΢һ䣬ȵôڴ˵أļ¼ӡʯأ
ﻪԣЩεóԼļ¼ӡʯɫʯͷɢŵĹΣһֻĹ޶ûɱ
ΧԺĵ״ʱ΢΢һ̣¶ֻЦݡ
ޱ߶ʱúǳһ߽֮ȻһֻĹ޶ûɱԼ˻Ĺ¡
ﻪһʱί˵ⲻܹңԺҶҺһֻսϼս֮ʱ͵Ϯңնɱһֱ޳ܣǴԺĵӡ
ޱɫһĿ⿴ԶԺޣߵ޵ĺõӣȻֻڱ͵Ϯ˲ܡ
龹ȻǣԼͷϣԺüͷһ壬漴ﻪЦҶȻڻľｫΪ߽֮𣬵ġȻڵĲ㣬ġջñ䡷˵㣬͵ϮҲԶԶĶ֣ôܽնɱ
˵޶Ȼǳҵλ˵ѣͬʦֵܣ˭ĵӣ


һǧ߰ʮ 
޵һȣƣ㳡϶һ
ﻪŵɫף͹ˣվ߽֮ǻõԺľӢǿ֧Ųˡ
ԺԺĵЩϷŰؿõԺޱߡ
ޱаһ䣬ﻪ׳գɣҲҪһõģһƵĻԣҲЩ
գޱŭﻪôĵӣƭǡ
ԾʵҶѾ˵ġһӵԺǰεĽħʵѾԶ֮ϡﻪæ˵
ޱһȵ棿
ﻪͷӺôҲһλ߽֮ջñ䡷Ҳ˵㣬˵һֻ߼Ĺ޳սϣһֻ˼ĹޣӴ򲻹ҲܵõǱҶ͵Ϯشôܻôͱ̭
ޱԵ˵ͷ漴ؿԶļ޵ʦܣҲˣû뵽Ժǳһ˲ţô˵ġѹʦ־ħ˿ħҴԺȻûˣҪ֧ţҲἢʳӵӵƷҶֶͬʦֶ͵ϮˣǽҲֻһǡ
޵ɫޱȣޱЩ絶ʵˣôҶ»ᱻϳԺ
뵽޵˵ҲֻǰﻪƬ֮ʶѣѵ˵ʲôʲôҶĻᶼûУĻҿǴԺִϿˣԺðﻪִϰɣ˵ʲôǶԵģҪ˭˭һ¾ɱˡ
ʦܣǿʶޱߵ
޵ЦǿʶԺҶһ仰һֶû˵ʼնǻõԺͱˣǿʶ
㡭ޱɫ
ʱԶԺ˵λﻪʵȵҶ⡣ﻪԣҶʮԪ˵ġ츳ǿ°ҴԺ֮ҡ
ԣ޵ʱӦؿޱߣʮԪ˵ġ⻰ʦ𣿡
ޱɫǻˣȻţҶ֮ǰ˼ʮԪǰĲġ漣ϣ˲òš
ߣǰĲġ͵ġôᲢۣ˭֪ԽѶԽ󡣡޵ߵ
ޱ߳ﻪǲ˵ˣʵ׿ԷֱֻҪʦʦ־ħһ𣬿ħǲУ֪ˡ
ﻪ۾һæ˵ǰ޵˵ѵĻôҶӦûнħŶԡ
Ժĵ޵ɵʦܣ㿴
޵˵Ҷӵнħʲô˵Ҳδȫ˵ѣһһǻԡ
ߣʦһҪҶˣʦ־ħһ𶼲ҡޱ伥
ڴʱһǿϢλһ
ˣ
ͺͻȻڹ㳡ϣעޱߣߵҵȷҶħҲȷ˵ġΣѵǻõԺĵˣ͹ֵԺϣ浱Ժô۸𣿡
ħڿɲԺԺ޹ϵޱԵ˵һõԺӰﻪѾ֤ʵˣӲҪҶ죬Ҳ޻˵һֱ볤ϻþִϴá
ãҵҪǻõԺڳϻǲһ졣ͺЦһֱȥ
Ҳȥɣޱ߶һԵİﻪ˰֡
ﻪæ˳СĽ磬Ͼһ˿꣬Ҫָơ

ʯƽԭ
Ҷ֪ﻪȸ״Ҳ֪õԺԼѣ˿ڵϣָ
ʵҶ콫Ǽֻսȫɱϵļ¼ӡʯ˿ѾתΪɫˡ
߽֮Ϊټϵ߲ġټѽħȫԺͰ˽׵ĻĹһսˡ
ҶԼս⣬ڰﻪǸõԺӣѾˣϾԷʵԶԶԼܶԼв
ҶڵʵõԺҲֻǼɵһѩ仪ѡ
뿪˵ˣ
ϢһָҶ·ǰɱȥ
Ҷ쿴һƬɽһɽ壬ƣֱΡ׳ۣۻ룬һ塣


һǧ߰ʮ Ե
ӦǻĹ޵ĴӪˣҶɫ裬СؿŲԶɽ뵽
ǰïܵçɭ֮УܹܵǿϢ
һ죬Ҷ춼ûһֻĹޣһֶûеõ
Ĺޣˡ
ΪƬɽкܶĹޣһ޷ڶʱڽɱôͻĻĹޣҶ켴ǿҲᱻΧɱ
ҶûͷųԼϢСǱȥѰԼ
Ҷʵ߼µĻĹ޲мһˣΪĻĹֻʮ֣߼һ򣬲̫ԣҶĿ߼Ĺޣ˼ĻĹޣҲ׼һԡ
ףԺĵӣ
ȻҶǰһźɫװˡ
ǸҲҶ죬ɵͣסŲСĵǱٺЦҶʦܣû뵽ҲһˣѹֵһνľĻᡣҽһ£ҽ
ᵽľһĽ֮ɫ
ԭʦ֣Ҷ챧˱ȭɫЩأ֮ǰڹ㳡Ŷʱվڵλڶλ˽֮˵˲һλ߽֮Ҳ˵߲㣬ʵõԺİﻪǿˡ
ˣʦղᵽĵһʲôȺս𣿵û˵Ҷ漴ʵ
һβμԻҪһЩϢ
ЦνĹؿֻ㻮ֵģص飬ǽʯƽԭǰ֮Ϊһأǿ߼Ĺޣǽʱ򣬶ᱻ䵽ʯƽԭأܹʯƽԭ˵صģǹ˵һء
Ҷ˼漴ǰɽʵôڶؾƬɽ𣿡
˵ͷ˵ƬɽǵڶأҪСˣĻĹҲ߼лвٰ˼ĻĹޡ
˵գָɽƵɽ壬˵ɽǵĿĵأоżĹޣʮĻĹޡ
ҶһʱҡͷЦһƬɽһ°ɣɽҾͲȥˣȥ
ҶʦܣʹشˡЦҡͷ
ŶҶɻؿ
Ц˵Ҳѹ֣ҶʦǵһβμԻ֪ԻĸĿģ㻹Ϊֻûֵ𣿡
ѵ𣿡Ҷ췴ʵ
ҡͷȫǣ
˵ָ꣬ǰɽ˫Ŀȵ˵ɽһأÿԻɽһ֮ʢЩ
ˣ㲻᲻֪ʲôǴ֮ɣҶһӣȵ
ҶЦһû˵
ҡͷҶʦܣпҲҪȥԺͼݿЩ飬֮һǻ۴ıÿһƬ궼̺ŴһƬֱӸʡԪĿޡ
ʲôȻ˱Ҷ𾪵ͬʱĿҲֱҪģȻܴ
˵⻹ֻǴ֮ÿ֮ʢ֮ʱһǲ˵ÿһ涼̺һֻҪѾһȥͻֱһΪ
ҶԵһ
ҶĿɿڴӣЦҶʦܣǲˣﲻһֻʮĹ޿أλʦᣬֲǡǵĿЩ֮Ļ꣬Ƕһдá
ҶĬԣȻᣬҲϾǶֱһΪô̫ˡ
˵ӵкħսףһ߶սʮλʦֲ٣δûл
뵽Ҷ첻ɵʵʦ֣֪Ǵ֮ʲôʱŻʢ𣿡
ЦԻΪ£ô꣬ôÿδ֮һ쿪ţӶԣʱҪżɱһЩĹޣû֡ȵ죬ȥɽ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ȭлʦˣȻҾʹԵˡ°ôҪȻǰҡ
˰֣ЦлҲ˵ȵ֮ʢҲᱻֶȥġ
ҶȴЦҡͷˣǸʱٸϹȥƾͳˡ
ˣҶʦܣˣȵɽ֮ʱҪ鰡ЦŸǡ
ҶЦӦʦǡ
Цȥ


һǧ߰ʮ ħ֮
ĿԶȥҶĿ˸¶֮ɫȻ֪˴֪֮Ը񣬵ȻҪȥһ
һֻʮĹޣԴԺλʦ֣ҶҲ塣
νһ;ںһ֣㲻ͻˣ˼һ˦
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ʵԶǿڴԺħѧڲĻԵ»ࡣ
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ȻҶ˽ħͺħսףѾҪɻԭʯҲð
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ҲΪʲôԺλʦְȥľĻųΪҪ̫Ӵ󣬼лľҪǧԭʯ
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ħ֮ҶеĽħһ޴ĺɫâЯޱߵΰƣݺݵغսǵצ档
һ֮սǲҺһצȻħնϣǿսǺɳȥ
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Ҷ漴ڵϣһƬŲԶ˵սǣ̲סһˬ


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ڴڼ䣬ҶҲһЩԺĵӣΪغħս׵ĴڣҶ춼뿪档
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ΪʱôãѾм˼֮ĴԺӸϹˣֻΪǸܵ˾żĹ޵ǿϢԲŲҽӽ˵ء


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ʱһȥ
ҶЩ˵һչؾǼ١ǧԪʱֵһᡣ
⼸ʱ䣬ҶȴһǶԪһÿһӣÿһӣŲѡ
ڣԻһʱɽΧ棬һǿϢֱ
Ҷһɨ㷢ʮˣÿһ˵Ϣ߽֮ϡ
ЩԺľӢӣΧɽ
𣡡
ɽ룬ػʯѪڤҲӦЩϢ̧޴Դ˻ţгӿȵɱ⡣
˲䣬һʮĹ޵Ӵѹɨء
Ҷʱѣıôֻ࣬ʮĹˡ
Ǳŷ޻ڻҪǿĴڣش֮λʦֲ֣Ҷ춼Ѷ
ȵȵٿҶ찵뵽
ͬʱΧҲֻͷųԼϢû˳ȥλʦҲһ
ÿһ˶˾ͷû˭Ը⵱
ʱһ٣Ѫڤ߿صǶʯͷųǧɫĹʯҲ֮ſ
һǧ仨꣬ÿһ仨궼һɫǧ
ȻЩ֮в̺һǱҪֻ̺һķֻܼӿٶȣһӾһ
ܹӿٶȣԱȻԭʯĻÿһ仨궼ʮԭʯ
һģЩĻֵҲˡ
û˻ɵл꣬ǶǸӦеķѡԼʺϵȥᣬҲԼѹپ֡
ʼˣ
ҶŵؿŴ֮ţһ仨ʢ¶֮ĵ
ǧֹâ˷ضӳŸָɫǳ
ͬʱ֮ΧĻǼ㲻Դĸٶȶӡ
ʱû˻ɵϥڵҶ˴֮׼Ứꡣ
Ҷ죬򶢽¶Ӧ̺һ
ѾȻҶһ˷ܡ
ʱѾȫ¶ҶҲӦ
ãѾ
˵Ч
ʵҶ첻¸ᣬûЧǾͰæһˡ


һǧٰ߰ʮ 
ǧɫǧʴա
֮ɽԵޱʥ
ʱ֮ſһ仨꾧Ө͸·ˮһ͸Ųͬɫɫʡ
һĻǳ
ȻΧĴԺǣȴû˼ĳһɴ۾סиսƺڵȴʲô
Ȼ֮һ仨һ£漴ɣܱȥȥ
֣
ʱ˸ߺһ
ͬʱһӰܵг˳
ݣɳĻԽԽ࣬ȫ˷ٶȺܿ졣
ĴԺĵȫˣԼĿ̽ȥ
ʱޱ֡
Ȼǧ仨꿴ܶ࣬ЩԺĵӿɲֻһ仨꣬ǿһƬᡣһȻⲻ˺ͱ˶ϣսͱˡ
һս˴˶ǵˣҲͬһԺĵӣһ¶⡣
ϾͬһԺĵӣʦֵܣԺ󾭳棬ȻҪ˴˿һ㡣ǣЩԺĵӣǼˡ
ҲҪɱԷǽˣཫ˶ѡ
ȻСĽ˲ǴԺҲǲǻɱģҪִܵϵĳͷġ
ȻҪҰɱˣûöԷҵ֤ݣǾû飬ԷҲֻܳԸưͿ
ڣôڣ˭ҪǶֻɱԷǿ϶ܲ
ԣһЩʵǿİ˽֮Ҳֻǽ߽֮ˣ
ûᣡ
ҶҲˣԼļʮֹ֣꣬̽ȥ
ȻûҶ֣һõԺӱһʩչô磬Ҷ˻þ֮С
ô磬Ҷ档
ȻֻҪҶȫһܰþһͱ¶ʵ
֮£Ҷֻõȴ
Ϊ֪Ժӿ϶ģҲԺĹأԲĵԺ۸ԼԺĵӣͬΪʦֵܣȻҪ
ȻûƬ̣һ޴ȭͷô顣
ĪãǻõԺԽԽȥˣȻ۸һһŭҶ΢΢һ㶣ЩϤ
ȻҶתͷȥ
棬һڷŨܵĴ꣬ŰɫۣȻǻõԺĵӡ
ߣĪʲô飬õ𣿡ĪõĻõԺһתȥĻꡣ
Ҷ˵ͷҲȥĻˣʱǿûʱ˷ѡ
ֻҶЩߣеǼʮ꣬¾ͱĪˡ
Ժ㣡ҶûзŭֻĮؿһ۽ĪõõԺӡ
ҶǺƢˣ˲ҲˣңԶ
ֻڣΪҶ첻òʵȻλʦֵע⣬Ͳˡ
˵֮䣬Ҷ쿴һߣҲỨꡣ
Ҷ죬Ҫöˣû˸ҺͶĸԺĵӣһֱ
Ҷ״ʱ
˱ˣ˰
Ͷû취ȡ
ȣʵǿǰ˽֮λʦֲֵ£ڳˣûĶ֡
Σۺ񣬲˵ԴĳǳڴԺڲλʦһ綫죬һŷ޻ڡڣ˭ҵﶫ
󣬶ġŲ⡷̫ˣԺĵӣ˭˵ԼԺ󲻵ԣڴԺû˸ҵﶫ
һޱȵĻõԺӣܿ
Ҷ쿴ֻȡٶ໨ˣȻҲ֪þա
һﻹ˾Ҷ첻ɵø̾ԶΪ˴ΪߣҲû˸ҵ
Ҷ֣ҶпʱѾֵĶҶ촫Ҷ֣ЩðǿҲŷ޻ҪģܰˡҴ綫Ҫģڹؼʱһѡ
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬ȷʲôϢڳ֮Уɵıŷ޻ڡ
Ϊŷ޻ڻԼһѣôڱصˡڿǲˣҪ˴˶ϡ
Ҷ̾˿ҪõԼȫְ
΢΢˼Ƭ̣Ҷٶȳ֣ȥĻ꣬ʱûеõһ仨궼ò
ҶŭǣȥĸỨ꣬ĻõԺӶ
еĻõԺӾȻֵĻ꣬ԶԶܹ
ҶɫʱɵҲµѩ仪ˡ


һǧٰ߰ʮһ ʱ
ҶȥֻҪǸлõԺӣϾ㸽ûУԶһĻõԺҲϹ
˵ҶˣΧЩǣҲˣõԺȻǲҶõһ仨ꡣ
ٺ٣Ҷ죬ǻõԺڣһ仨ҲõһõԺӳסҶ֮سЦ
Ҷɫ
飬ԺֵÿϷԼĻꡣ
ԺĵӣҶΣգҲ£Ͼ٣ҲѣԼҲҪỨꡣ
ûôʥˣԼĻ꣬Ҷ졣
Ҫ֪ҶȻԺӣż޵ǵеԺӡ
ЩԺӿҶ츳ϣҶ챨𣬵ҪǰҶ죬Ҳѡ
ֻҶмֽ飬ǽǳְҶһѾˣְܼҶ졣
ҶҲûЩԺӳ֣õԺӶסȥỨ꣬רһЩõԺỨꡣ
ǻõԺĵӣҶ춼ȥһֻ֣ԷʱȻԺĵỨꡣ
һҶȻҲò꣬õԺҲò꣬Ժĵ֮ˡ
Ҷ죬лˡһԺĵ𻨰꣬Цȥ
Ҷ죡һʧȥĻõԺŭصҶ졣
ҶȴЦһѸٸĻõԺӡ
Ŀĺܼ򵥣ǲҵòһ仨УӲҪЩˣҲù
Ҷ쵽֣ЩõԺĵӣûõԺʧء
ңҶ죬ЩõԺЩɣ֪ô죿
յѩ仪Ҷ죬Ҷõһ仨ꡣ
ǣҶԼȥ꣬ôأ˼ҶҪˣظƨ
ԣڵˣҶػõԺĵˡ
ҶֻһˣҲòٻõԺʧ˼ֵĻ꣬Ƿŭޱȡ
෴ЩΪҶ֣õԺǣܸлҶ졣
СЩлЩлȻǳְҶ죬ǷҶһСС顣
ⲻеĻ궼֮һԺĵӱЦǻõԺ࣬໨꣬һƺǵ׵İ
ٺ٣˭ǳҶ죬ñ˺ùҲùһԺĵӳ
Ѱ·ԼֲñˡԺĵӵȻ·硣
ЩõԺĵһɫѿ
֮ǰԺĵ˭Ҷͷ˭ȥõԺĵӣֻԱ߿ЦҶ쵹ùҲǵ顣
ڲһˣΪҶõ˺ôνֶ̳쳤ǵȻҪҶ쳰Цһ»õԺԺӿõԺˬҲһˡң˵仰ֲĶ֣˵ֱǾ֮͡
ЩҶ˵ȴǺôϾһҶҲ뵽˴ԺĴ֮ͥС
Ц˵Ҷ֣̫ʹˣȺõԺɫڣҾ͸еġ
ҶԿЦҪǻõԺ̫ݣԼõһ仨꣬Ҳ˲顣
ߣ
ԺӼЦõԺӵʱһˡ
һ̣һѩѩ仪ڳС
ΧʱԺĵҲҼˣõԺӣ͵ѩ仪ǿɲΪҶôȥѩ仪ʦ֡
Ҷ죿ѩ仪ɨһۣ漴Ŀ䵽Ҷϣһ˿ɱ⡣
ҶĳҶ쵭Įӭѩ仪Ŀ⣬Ȼ˫Ѿ˺ˣôҲͲع˼ôˡ
ܺãҼסˡѩ仪˵˾䣬ȻջĿ⡣
ô˿ţɱҶ졣
ңѩ仪ĳ֣ΧҲѸٳǿϢ
λʦ֡
еĶ죬Ҷʶ⣬ʣµԺʦŷ޻ڣԺʦǵһμ
˿̣λʦֵĿⶼڱѪڤػǿ棬ҶСֱӱǺˡ
֮ǰЩȥģѪڤҪػûֹؿᡣ
ǣҪѪڤ߾Ͳˡ
ѩ仪ɨλʦһۣ˵ϹأҪģǶȫ֣˲ֻۣԵ۶Թ
˼Ƕ״ˣƽԺǲСĽɱģȶ״Ҳͬ⣬ǾԸˣ˭Ҳܲˡ
Ͼһʱ˭Ҳ֣ȫ֣ʱ˻ġ
ⶼϹˣҶ֮⣬˶֪Ҳ⣬ǵ˵ͷ


һǧٰ߰ʮ ｻ
ѩ仪ĻΧʱʮ˺󼸰ٲʼԶɽҶ΢΢ɨЩһֶۣ߽֮
Ҳԣ߽֮;Ž̫֮սನס˵ˣ֪ôġ
ʱϳλʦ⣬ֻʣҶ죬ԼĴԺλ˽֮ˡ
λ˽֮УԺԺõԺҲΨԺ
Ժ٣ԺĶǾӢǰ˽߽֮֮Ժ
ΪˣԺֻһٶˣͬѹԺͻõԺĴԺڶ
˿̣λʦΧɽվҶǶվڱ˴˵ԺĴʦֺ档
ҶǲվڶģȻԶûãôξǶڰȡȻҪվڶ档
ңжǰ涥ţ˾͸Ӳע⵽Ҷ졣
Щ߽֮ȥ֮Ҷһ߽֮վڳУʱ˵ע⡣
ֻѩ仪˵һСС߽֮Ҳ̰̫𣿡
ԺԺû⣬ΪղҶػõԺӣԺõٺôȻΪС¶Ҷȥ
ϾﲻһԵõ˵Ҷһ߽֮Ǹûз
û˭涨߽֮ɣѲɽõԺģѩ仪ĳҶ쵭˵
ѩ仪۾һУû뵽Ҷ쾹Ҷ죬ɵһ䣬ƤӵǲʵԶˣ
δ䣬ѩ仪Ŀб񵶣Ҷɱ
Ȼڳ֣նɱҶ졣
֮ǰѾ˵ˣǶ״Ҳ˭
ߣ
ѩ仪֣Ҷһ˲ʵϾؾˡ
ȻûҶ֣վǰĶһˣֻһȭͺ񵶡
Ŀɨһѩ仪Ժĵӣֲѵ
ѩ仪۾΢΢һУ˵ҲֻǸ԰ˣûʵͲҪ̰ġˣ죬ûмǴĻӦöûáɣҶȡºҸǧԭʯ
Ҷüͷһ壬ǧԭʯ붫һΣ۸ɱ屶ܹӦ
ѩ仪ҵòҲõ˵
ҶʱȻ򣬶԰øΪõҲвĵλ
ѩ仪Ͳһˣһѩ仪õô˵ܽʮ֮磬ʱȥľľ硣
֮ǰԼһѩ仪һԼΪԼǰģ
ߣ˲ѩ仪һ漴Ժʦ֣ҲûãǧԭʯһΣɷ񣿡
ҡҡͷϷŰЦѩ仪𻨷˼ˣǻƽְɣȻϴһ˭ò
Χ˶Ĭţûλʦֵԡ
Ҳˣλʦ˭ԸöԷԼͷϣԾԼòҲõ
һԭʯ
Ȼڶǰŷ޻˳Ŀƽؿѩ仪ˣ˵ҸһһԭʯҳֵһλᣬøҡΣ
˻һɽһֻʣѪڤߴ
ΧĴԺǶˣһԭʯڴԺܹʮƷˡҪǣŷ޻ڳֵһλᡣ
Ҫ֪һŷ޻ڵõôúŷ޻ھˣһλֵĻᣬֱһҲһԭʯ١
뵽˺޲ԼϵͷӦ
ѩ仪졢ҲһĬƺԥ
ҶҲĬˣпЦԼǵԭʯŷ޻ڱֱǲֵһᣬԼʲô
Ҷ֮⣬ѩ仪λʦ־Ȼҡҡͷ
ŷ޻ڶʱɫһ䡣
ŷ޻ڣ㶼ѾǿˣαҪҪ˦ԶԶ𣿡̾
ͬһĴʦ֣ŷ޻Ҳˣŷ޻ڳ˦ԶǾ̫ˣԺһʦ֣ҲΪŷ޻ڵıǽ̫ˡ
ܹΪĴԺʦֵˣһ֮ӣԼҪػ
ѩ仪ŷ޻ڣǲõġ
Ǹֻǵ˵֡


һǧٰ߰ʮ Ժ
λʦֶܾŷ޻ڵ飬Ҷ찵˿ĻֻҪһͬ⣬Ͳˣ϶ŷ޻ڵġ
ãλʦֱŷ޻ѹƺܾˣĵ׶ǳŷ޻ڣôŷ޻ڼһһ󲽡
Ҷ֣ŷ޻ڱصãҰﲻ㣬һҪŷ޻ڣϾҲԺġ
ʱ򣬶ǣʹҴ綫ˣ˵㣬ͿĻԵˣԼգ¼ңҲ顣
ҶԣԶ˵ͷ
Ҷŷ޻ڿȥ
ʱλһֱֵƮƵĴԺһˣɫЩѿˣɨѩ仪ˣŭǴԺѾûˣǾȻﷴѵǲ֪ħо죬һĽܳӣѾˡѸٳΪһܺһȴΪһ˽ģǴԺǲڽ£ʲôôǳȥǰ̧ͷ𣿡
ѩ仪ЦƾʲôһҪΪҲȻԶãǶȴãΪʲôһҪΪ
ŷ޻ߵ֮ͬǿ𣿾ΪǿʵλһжӲס
ѩ仪ҡͷŷ޻ڣ㲻Ҫ˵ôУǴԺ㣬ܰû֪ħһӵУɲһλΪҲǴԺΪҪһ硣
ͷ˵ŷ޻ڣѩ仪˵ĲҪǴԺҶ˵ϾͰø㡣㲻УǾͲҪ˵ʲôҪ˼ǣǴԺ棬ͬΪԺӣֻһŬҲŬ
ŷ޻ԣɫԽˣĿԶĶ죬죬Ҳ˼
쿴һŷ޻ԱߵĶȻҡҡͷĳһˣȻǴԺ߲㰲ŸǵĸǾ͸ƾ£ǣٶҲûá
ŷ޻ŭЦȵãããǾ͸ƾ£ҵҪЩ곤˶٣ʲô˴Ժ
ô磡
ŷ޻漴ȵ
һô磬Ȼ֣ųѹ˶档
ҶһʱˣôܽƣĻֻܱ¶ħսˡ
ڳλʦ֣ҶҲŶ֡
ȻҶ֣ѩ仪Ͷһˣ˳֣˲˺ô硣
һ˲䣬ŷ޻ѾȥϧѪڤסûеõ
ŷ޻ڣС㣬ջñ䡷˵ڰ˲㣬֪Ժġ޾ս䡷˵ڼ㣿
ԺĴʦһΧ֣ʩչһǿս۳һŷ޻ɱȥ
Ժġ޾ս䡷һŰսĹսǧ򻯣ܶ࣬޾
Ϊˣ޾ս䡷ѶҲܴ󣬼ڡ֮£Ҫӳ޾ս䡷ڵҪս̫ˡ
ΪѣԺĵӣһ򶼱ȽơǵĹУԼĲңˡ޾ս䡷ôʵǳֲ
ԴԺԺԺĵӣ޾ս䡷ǰδеĿֲ磬оߣΪԺԺ
ϧԺԺ̫ˣЩԺĵӶԺĵӲһЩ
˵ǲУǾǲУҾ㿴Ϊʲôа˴Ժ
ŷ޻һ߶ѪڤߵĹһ߳һƣһưսг֣ɢֲܣϯ硣
һˣɫޱѿŷ޻ڣȻ޾ս䡷Ҳ˵ڰ˲㣡
ΧĴԺӣȫһ
ŷ޻ڲԺϢ˵ھŲ㣬ԺĹ˵ڰ˲㣬츳ֱ޷
죬춯֣ѩ仪һŷ޻ɱȥ
ԥƬ̣Ҳˡ
ͬʱԺλ˽֮Ժλ˽֮лõԺλ˽֮λǿߣһɱԺλ˽֮
״ʱЦ֣ҷˡ
˵գֱ뿪սܡ
һλ˽֮Ҳǰ׳գϸ˳ȥǲŷ޻ڣǸﲻˡ
ѾˣԺԸŷ޻ڡ


һǧٰ߰ʮ 
ɽϣѩ仪ͶΧŷ޻ڣȴŷ޻ڵֵסˣŷ޻ڻռϷ磬ʵ˴Ժеӡ
ǿͬǾŽ֮Ȼǿ̶ֳȡսҶ죬һ
Ҫ֪ˣÿһǾŽ֮е۷ǿߣ磬һʮ֮ǵĶ֣վھŽ׵۷ˣҲֻħĵӿ֮⡣
ڣͬǾŽ֮Žףŷ޻ȴѹˣռϷ磬ʵͷǳˡ
Ϻħս׵ĻҴﵽ˾Ž֮ŽףҲĶ֡Ҷ찵뵽ھŽ֮ŽɵھŲġŷ޻һս
ŷ޻ڲǴԺһˣ츳ȷǿޱȡ
Ѫڤ߿ȻĻ⿿ˣ¸סŷ޻ڡ
ѪڤʮĻĹޣʵǿλʦ֣ŷ޻ڶһ㡣
ȻѪڤƣ뿪ɽһַΧŷ޻Ҳаǿж˵ңǾͲõ
Ҷڳųеλʦսûϲ֡
ԺõԺԺλ˽֮ڽԺλ˽֮Ƴȥ֮󣬾ѡͣˣҶһԱ߹ۿ
λʦֵս̫ˣֽȥǾ·һ
οڶȻ·磬Ҳǣסŷ޻ڣòǿ
Ҷ쿴һûнѪڤߣƴʲô˼ǰǶ𣿡
Цٺ٣Ǿأ̽һ±˴˵ʵԼ׼İɣǾͻֶԸѪڤߣȻǿʱˡ
ҶȻ
պûᣬҴǿ϶ǲŷ޻ʵĻͱ¶ʵᣬֻһλᣬһˣǷʵͲᵽˡ
ףҶ찵ͷλʦָûʵϣԶмһˣֱӽˡ
Ҷơ
ûһƣҶ챩¶ʵϺħսףҲܵõ
˼֮䣬ŷ޻ǵսƽˣȻڳ֣С࣬ղôˡ
ŷ޻ڣ˾ȰȻջñ䡷˵ڰ˲㡣ѩ仪ɫޱȣΪõԺĴʦ֣ҲŽջñ䡷˵ڰ˲㣬û뵽ŷ޻ˣȴѾ׷ˣֱǳ衣
ŷ޻ڣҳ츳ϧ̫̰ˣҪרϢһ֣¶ʮˡҪĻҲ޷ֹɫҲѿ˵
û˵Ǵ֮УҲԲµеĲƽ
ԺλʦУŷ޻޿һôڶǶ죬Զһֱŷ޻ڵĿ׷ϣǽȴ֣Լŷ޻ڵľԽԽ󣬻˭ˬ
˵ֻҪõҽ磬ҾͿԴԺˡ
ŷ޻ɨˣ˵ĿδҲ̫ǳˣǶԶԶңһôǵ츳Ҫ˶Ҳܽ磬ʱֺ֣ξħ
ѩ仪Цŷ޻ڣȻҪô˵ǽøҰɡ츳ôû㶼ܱһ磬ֺα
ŷ޻ߵǻõԺҰĲǴֻҪԼȨǸں˲˴ԺܷҪǻͶ죬һܡϧûá
Ͷһǿɲᱻŷ޻һ仰׾ٴ򶯡
˵ŷֵ̧綫ԣǴԺ߲ǵĽ˭˭ʣǸƾʵɡ
ŷ޻˵ȻˣǾֶԸѪڤߣǴܾˣʱ˭ܴѪڤǰ
ȶԸѪڤߣ쿪˵
˵ͬ⣡
ѩ仪俴һŷ޻ڣҲͷã
ǣλʦֹɽϵѪڤߡ
ѪڤȻʮĹޣλʦֶǾŽ֮е۷ڣŷ޻ڵʵѾӽʮĹˣ֮£ܿͽѪڤش
Ҷ쿴ҡҡͷֻѪڤߵʵʵǿϧ̫ˣֻܴɽһطɣĻλʦֺ˵


һǧٰ߰ʮ 
λʦֵȫѪڤϵԽԽأŭ񷢴Уϧÿεʱλʦ־ͼʱߣĴйһ
ȵѪڤλʦɱ˹һѪڤ߳˷ֻܱعλʦɲʲôв
Ҷ֣׼ˣ˲ܵȵɱѪڤȵѪڤ˵Ĳʱ򣬿¾ҪˡʱҶ졣
ҶͷʵҲµˣʹĿ⾼ضɽ롣
ˣ֣ҲҪǷҲְһ֮ҶȻ˵
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ԣѡ˰Ҷ졣
Ҷ룬ǲԼҲԻѻԭʯ붯
ҪǶһλʦְôȻһЩ
Գ֮ǰҲˣҺĹϵûôãְ㣬ۿɲС
ǰҶϵŷ޻ڣж죬һѣһ״磬ǿڶϣһԭʯҶġ
ͶûôõĹϵ
ҶæϵҪٻԭʯ
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ԣҶҲ˾Ž֮Žףʱƾħսףʵѩ仪ǣѵռԭʯ
ֻҪʵǿˣԭʯЩᱻõ
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⵹Ҳǣ˵ͷҶȻͨľ߽֮۷徳磬Ҷġ²Ĳ㣬㡢㣬ҲԶԶ޷в
ԣҶֻܳΪһĴʦ֣ܸоϵ
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ֻҪҵ˾Ž֮ŽףʱеռԭʯҶ찵뵽漴öͬ
ڶԵõİոһ֣ϾλʦֵУѾԸˡ


һǧٰ߰ʮ ŷ޻ڵѡ
λʦ֣ѾλվҶߣټҶԼʵڶİգѾŷ޻֮ˡ
ŷ޻Ȼʵǿ󣬵λʦֿ϶õѩ仪ŷ޻ڡ
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λʦֵֹѪڤߵϢԽԽϵ˿ҲԽԽ࣬ʵ½ĺ
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ŷ޻ĿѪڤϢ½ˣѾ޷вԥسֳ̽ȥ
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Цѵŷ޻ڣҴԺԺô꣬ǴԺǵ׵ģֻԽԽû䡣ѩ仪ߵ
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죡ŷ޻ɫؿ򶫷죬ͳɹˣ֣һ񡣶ңװѩ仪ȫһԺġϢ԰ѸٻָƣҲܡ
ңʱڣ̫ѾҪɽˡ
ԻҪˣʱǶҪͳȥ
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ѩ仪üͷһЦвңѩ仪Ժôû˭вңҵҪŷ޻ôҺڡ
𣿡ŷ޻˵꣬㳯ѩ仪һƺȥͬһʱ䣬ŷ޻ڵһֻȭɱ
ңŷ޻ڴȵҶ죬ǰԼǧԭʯˡ
ʲôѩ仪ԣ۾һɣš
ԶҶ쿴ŷ޻ڳסѩ仪΢΢¶һĨЦݡ


һǧٰ߰ʮ 
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ѩ仪Щսĵǣȫ𾪵ؿеҶ졣
Ҷŷ޻ڵĻ󣬾ͳɽȥһߴ˵лŷʦ֣
ŷ޻һߵסѩ仪һߴЦҶʦܣȻ츳ôߣҸɳĻᣬʱһ˴ԺϾǰЩĿǳļһﲻС
ΪԺһԱҶĳȻ岻ݴǡҶЦ
ѩ仪ɫŭŷ޻ڣŷ޻ڣʲô˼
˭֪ҶΪУһڴѹҶ죬˵Ѿǳˡ
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ѩ仪˵ҪڡȻҪøңҾͰ֡ŷ޻ڹЦ
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ҶɫһѵҪ¶ħսףסֻѪڤߣ˵ˡ
Ȼһ̣ҶҲⱩ¶ħսˡ
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ڴʱˣֵסѪڤߡڰ˲ġ߶˼£ǿϢӿ
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⿴һĻĴԺǣҲ˼顣
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һ˳ȥɱ˶ԷҲûãοûˣٶ֣ǾɱˣִܵϵĴ
ҶʦܣϲˣЦ˵ЩĽ֮ɫʣΪûãȻҲûѩ仪ôʧͷŭϾҶҲûκγԹ
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һδĴʦ֣ȻҪύϾһܱȶһҪãҶ첻Ƕ죬һδʦ֣û˿澺


һǧٰ߰ʮ Ļ
ʦֵ룬ҶĳңҶЦŶ˵ͷҲԸ⽻öԷϾ˫ûʲôԹ
Ҷóһǧԭʯ죬ҲûпֱҶ˵ͷ
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ǾͶлŷʦˣҶ˵ͷҲûмϾǧԭʯ˵ҲǷǳҪԴ
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ҶҲʲõ˳ǰļ޵ǵӵõ
޵ʱĿɿڴŴͣ˼顣


һǧٰ߰ʮ ѯ
ÿδԺԻͷϷĴԺĵҲֻǹעһ㡣
ڴ֮ǰŷ޻ڵõҲǶõѩ仪ǰ˷ֳƬ
ǣλΨû뵽Ҷõ
㡭õ޵Щ㶵ؿҶ졣
λҲ𾪵ؿҶ졣
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ҪǣҶڵΪѾõ˰˽֮磬һڼţҲֻ͵ĳ
ʦܣϲˣΪǴԺĵӣ츳һ棬ƷҲ󣬷ֻһǡ
ޱ˵꣬һȺеҶ죬漴ȥ
Ҷ첻ɵüͷһƺԼˬѵΪѩ仪֮⣬ԼƺûеλõԺ
ȺУѩ仪ɫһ漴ҶһۣҲתȥ֪ԼʦˣϾԺɳһҶ죬ټ϶죬ԴԺǻõԺѾ޷׷ԺֻĴԺӵˡ
ʦܣϲԺһλš
ϲˣʦܡ
ԺĵҲܹϲޡ
ȫˣڻ޷Ҷ쾹Ȼõʵˣݲš
λ޵Զ˵˵ļ¼ӡʯ
˵ͷ漴˽ֵļ¼ӡʯһһϽɣʱЩ¼ӡʯҪϻᣬȻɳϻṫ

޵Щ¼ӡʯ֮󣬶ԶҶ˵
Ȼ֪޵˼æȥ
ҶҲܹµһڶ档
һԺӿҶĿ⣬ЩĽȴûмʡΪǼʲҶǵ츳ǿ̫ˣΪ׷ˣʲôȥȣ
Ƕ֪Ժһδʦ֣϶Ҷˣһʡ

ʯ֮С
޵ǰĶҶ죬ŶԿռе顣
ģǿҺûãҵܵܶǣͷǰҶ죬ŷ޻ڵòҲͽøҶ졣˵
޵꿴Ҷ죬ɵø̾ã鶼ܸϣøлøҲò
Ҷ˵ͷȻγǶ
Ƕƾʲô㶫ԼòǿҲ԰Ժӡ
ΪĹϵҶ죬Ҳֻȡһǧԭʯֱǰײ˼ۣǧԭʯ
⣬Ҷ첻Ϥûжǣͷټ϶ҪһΣҶҲ޷붯λʦ֡
ûаæҵĻҶҲδؿԵõǿ
Ȼʱŷ޻סѩ仪ǻõԺλ˽֮ԺҲλ˽֮λһɱĻԺλ˽ֻ֮סˣʣµһ˻ҪҶԼԸ
ϾʱҪסѪڤߡ
ҶӵкħսףԻһλ˽֮Ȳ˵һĵƾͱ¶ˡң˽֮Ҫ೤ʱ䣿컹ֵܼܲסϾѪڤߵǿԶԶ졣
ŷ޻ˣûжĹϵŷ޻ڿԸٵҲøκˡ
ŷ޻ڵʵҪٵ˭Ҳס
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Ҷõİռ˰˾ųɣһɻҶϾҶʵû¶ɵõ
ˣ죬ȻȥɡҲŷ޻ڵʵҲ׷ǲܱ˦Զˡ޵Զ˵
˵ͷ漴Ҷһۣתȥ
޵תͷҶ죬ɫͻȻҶ죬ʵңû͵Ϯﻪɱ
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Ҷһ㶣ЩԻ󣬱ϾǸɱĻõԺӣѾˡ
漴ҶˣϾԿռҲɱһˣ޵˵˵ǸõԺĵӣ
ɱģ޵۾һУɫҲ
Ҷæ˵Ȼɱģҿû͵ϮʱһֻսϣҲȻ֣Ϊѩ仪һƷȶҳֵģҲŽնɱ
޵üѩ仪㣿
ǰﻪ˵ģΪɱңûҡҶ˵
֤𣿡޵ʵ


һǧ߰پʮ 
޵ѯʡ
ҶЦҡͷûУҵʱûе£ҲΪҵĶ֣ûں
Ǻǣ㵹ͦеģҪ֪ﻪȻ㵱ʱ߽֮ġջñ䡷˵㡣޵Ц
Ҷ΢΢һЦġչֳŵ˵Ҳ˵㣬⣬һнħȻҵĶ֡
һ㶣漴ܵҶеص㡶Ϣʱ𾪣㡭ôô죿
ΪҶֻ˵ġѾˣڿҶɵġѾ֪˵ʲôˣѾڴԺʷ϶û˽ôġ
ڻľɵģƺٶȺܿ졣Ҷ͵֪ԼʵչֳʱԺ˿϶ѯΪʲôô죬츳ٸߣҲô졣
ԣҶ˺ܾãֻܽǣľ档
ľǻģСĽĺģ淢ʲô漣ҲǺġ
ȻԺȻǾٽһλľˣҶͲˡ

޵һǰҶõѾˣǺҶɵġȴС׼ˡ
鶼˭֪޵漴ʵ
Ҷæ˵ǰεж֪ﻪ໳˵㡶ʱʵ
ĺܺãʵʱڱ֪ɵġ˵꣬ɵɹȻЦˣЩѣҲӦϾִɢ޳ɳ֮Ǻͳǲľַش֮ĵ㶮á
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ף򲻵ѣҲᱩ¶ʵ
Ҫ֪ǽ߲ġˣ飬֮⣬˭֪
ڡ츳ܸߣҲ޷ָ㡣޵˵ʱЩƣҶûֱһ˦ȥ
ҶѾ֤ˣҪҶҲܽĺ
޵£˵ﻪ黹ûᣬõԺĵ϶Ὣ浽ִصȥִ֮ϾͻȥˡҪסȻû֤֤ﻪ㣬ͬﻪҲûоԵ֤֤͵ϮɱֻҪһҧȳֵģǾͲõġ
ѩ仪أҵģҪҪִϣҶʵ
޵æҡͷҪǣѩ仪ִȻܹϾǴԺִϣУԺ𣬲ҪġôԺҪôأȻҪţšˣѩ仪ʵ츳ߣôִϿ϶վǱߣ״ѩ仪ʵ֤ݣȻִֻǰӡ
޵˵෴츳ʵȰﻪǿֻҪһҧǰﻪȶֵģִϿ϶ƫţô¾͵ΪֹˡУҪ׷£ﻪֻһ̤ʯ㻹Ƕཫʱ档
֪ôˡҶ˵ͷҲǰ׳գû֤ݵʱȻǣѩ仪ϡ
ȻҶڱ¶츳пܳΪŷ޻ѩ仪ϾѾǻõԺĴʦ֣һõԺһഫѩ仪ʦǻõԺʦ棬ʦ棬ǿɵóϻеĴ
ûо֤ݵ£Ҷǲܰᵽѩ仪ģֻҶڴԺӡ
ˣѩ仪ʲôΪʲôҪ㣿޵漴ʵ
ҶԴҲû˵Ժͽһ·׷ɱùȣãҽǿߣԷɱˡѩ仪õϢ˶㵽ҡ
ԭˣһټ飬ѩ仪ǳ׶ˣԺҪСĵ㡣޵ѵ
һСĵġҶ˵ͷ
޵漴˵Ȼȥɣǵȡֽ⣬СĽԻȻˣǴĳԻûпʼŻʱ䣬ϽǿԼʵ
ţӸˡҶ˵ͷ漴һתȥ
صԼʯݣҶϱչʵҪֻҪȫˡ
ҶаգֻҪһϣܽȫͬʱΪҲ˽֮۷徳硣


һǧ߰پʮһ ִ
˿̣СĽĴԺڣһźɫ۵İ׷ߣҶʯ
Ҷ죬ִϣʯУҶõ޵ѣ֪˭æ
ÿִ΢΢Ц
Ҷ̧ͷǰִߡ
ʣִϿ϶һλ
ûԺǰҶֻҶλʱҲֻҶһ־ѡ
ԺҶüλĴԺĵȲ˵ˣشŵͺҲһλ
ȻҶ죬ǴԺЩûǰλִ
Ϊʲôô˵
Ҷ쿴͸˶ԷΪ𣿲ܣҶ컹ûʵ͸һ
ǣλִ߽ʱҶԸܵΧĻŨ˲䣬ĻСĽ綼ˡ
⣬Ҷ쿴ִϱĿռ䶼ŤԼԼ֮УܵǧŰپʮŸͬǧŰپʮĹִϵıռ֡
ʲô
ֱ۵˵һһ֮Ƕ֮ԴƣʮǱʮ֮
ʮ֮磬Ϳѡ硣
ҪʮһҪ޾ͻԵ
ôʵͬ

Ȼ粻һססףͬ磬ʵҲǺܴġ
˵һʮһôܴùһһ
ǰλִϣѾǧŰپʮǧλִҲֻһˡ
ִѾߵļޣٽһǱǧ߾硣
Ҷǳͬ磬ǰλִϿһָ޵Щˡ
ˣҶ첻Ҵ⣬Ե÷ǳ
ִ϶ǰ츳ĵӡܺãЦ˵˵ؼСһѾѹˣڰﻪĻʲôҪ͵ģ
ҶԣҲûн飬¶Լ㡶ϢȻó˽ħѺħսҲóˣִ˵ִϣбҪ͵ϮﻪȶֵģܲվŲɱҰɡ
ʱҶ죬ֳֽħħսףչ¶ġһʵǿޱȡ
ִЩĿɿڴ漴Цڵʵɱﻪˣôܻ͵ϮЩǸϾƹİɣû뵽ôء
Ҷ΢΢һĵִϿУҲֻһСһǸͺߣȴִɫЩ࣬ǸͺߵʵҲܲ
£Ҷ쿪˵ħһǧԭʯģںħսףҺǰεǰӮģô̵ʱɵġ
ѹǼһ鲻ãѶСӱһ٣ԭǱСӸˡִЩЦҡҡͷ漴ˣ͵ɣﻪ鵽Ϊֹ˫û֤ݣҲʲôԹǴԺϽɱȻҪǿˬҲԽѵһϣ㲻Ҫ̫ľϣﻪͬţҪ
Ծڴˣ֮Ϊ֮
ִ˵꣬뿪ˡ
Ҷûִôʧģƾղˣƴ͸ռȥɲ⡣
޵˵ĲֻҪ츳ߣִϾͻƫҡҶ찵뵽
Ͽִϴ˽û׷Ҷ죬Ҳû׷ﻪ
ִҲ˵ˣҶССؽѵһ°ﻪϣҶ첻Ҫڰﻪ˷ʱ䣬ҶҪ
ɴ˿ɼִϻǺܿҶġ
ȻִԺľԸ߲㣬Ҷǣϡ
ȵִ뿪֮Ҷ
Ϊﵽ˽֮۷֮Ҷ㿪ʼڰ˲ġˣֻҪڰ˲ġôʹħսףܹѩ仪ˡ
ûлٶҲ˺ܶ࣬ʱڿºɵڰ˲ġ
ҶҲΣֻʱѻˣϾľļͻԵҲֻһΡ

峿
СĽ磬޵ʯУһԺһá
ΪѾˣǸԺŽʱһԺӶڴؿǰļ޵
޵⣬һ֮ǰףЦ˵θɵòԺܻһڳԽԺÿ˽һٿԭʯ
ȻǵһǳԽԺ
һԺԾʦֶ춼ɴ۾˼顣


һǧ߰پʮ ħ
ֺԺһڵ𾪣ΪԴŷ޻ڴԺ𣬳ΪԺĴʦֺԺÿεԻֶһ
Ժףڶ͵ԺͻõԺ
һΣԺĵȻѵڶĿ꣬Ϊŷ޻ڣǸûõһ
ȻʱȴȻԼԺһ𾪿֪
ǺǣҵõϢʱҲ˺һ޵Ц˵ͬʱƳҶһۣд⡣
Ҷһ㶣Ŀ΢漴˼
ˣܻһÿ˿Եõһٿԭʯ޵漴˻֣һŹâԭʯԺĵǷ
ÿ˷ֵһٿ飬಻١
˶ǳˣһٿԭʯ˵ҲһСջˡ
Ǹ˻޵ȵԭʯ˵
һԺӶʱ񣬿޵ڴ֮ɫ
޵Цһģŷ޻ڣڶҶ壬ĻһأΪҶĻ֣ԺֲܻŻһԺһ㡣
ԣٶȾ
ŷ޻һڶǵ֮Уÿ֪
Ҷ壬һһأͳ˵֮ˡ
վڶһ˽֮ԺӲɵתͷҶ죬ˣǰģû뵽αҶˡ
ǰʮÿһ߼ʣµİȡ޵û˵𾪣ʼŽ
ҶҲǰʮȡһ߼˽ħͺħսף߼˵ֱͬ
ҶҲûж࿴ˣԺɻԭʯ
ˣ
˽һڵڻۣҶΪλôģ޵ʱȵ
ڶʱһƬѻȸ
޵߽֮µĵӶȥɣǵԻѾˣúȡս߽֮硣
Ժĵԣʱ½ɢȥʱһգֻʣʮˣ߽֮ϵġ
޵Ŀһɨˣ漴˵ϹأСĽԻˣôĳԻҲͿʼˣʱһԪҲ˵ǻһԪ׼ʱ䡣
ڳԺӶһĬѾǵһξԻˣԷǳ
ҶҲӶ֪ЩϢںǣδĳԻλӣλʦִӣ
ԺҲԴʮֺ档
Ȼ޵Ļȴޱ𾪣ֻδĳԻͬǵõϢҽ˷ħ۵ĹҽѰԵŴĳǸҽǿҲȥˣԺöǰҽ磬Уȡħ۵ĻԵ
ʲôħ۵ĹȻˣԾ
Ҷ΢΢һ¶֮ɫλһ治ɫԺʦֶ𾪣λħۡͬСɡ
ҶٿԺӣЩ˶ɫأ𾪵ͬʱлһ˿˷ܡ
޵΢΢Ƴ˶һۣ˵βλӣִҲУԺҲڰУҪʱ˼Ҳ֣ǻƿռڡ
ǵǻҽ磬Ѱħ۵ĹŻУѰûԵΣգͬԵҲǳ˵ǵеĳЩˣнҲ˵
޵ˣΣ棬Ƕ֮ѣӦ񡣴ԺȥҪ˳ҲǰҡȻԺûث֣ϣܹҽ磬ħ۵ĻԵֻˣǴԺĻᡣ
޵һ䣬㿪˵ĺ£ôܷΣٴҲܷ
ޱȼᶨ
ǰǽĴԵ
ħۣǿǳԽǿߵΰڣĹҽǿѰ¶ûҵξȻҵˣ̺ŴԵΣգҲܴ
ҽȥˡ

һԺӷ׷׿˵һᶨޱȣ˷ܡ
޵ǵ˵ͷЦ˵һԪʱ䣬Ƕȥú׼°ɣҽӦöʱǿɲʹǴԺĹһ֣³ܲҡ
ڵӵͷ漴׷׸ˡ


һǧ߰پʮ ̸
Ӽ޵ʯҶصԼʯݣҶħ۵Ϣû뵽Ѿˡ
Ҷ֣ϲˣǴȫʤЦӭȻѾ֪ҶϢ
Ҷ쵭Цһ߼ѣֵһᡣ
߼ҲͼֵٿԭʯڵҶ˵ôǺܴ
ΪҶһԪҪһٶԭʯһ߼ֻԪѡ
ǺǣҶ֣ô룬ɾʹˡ΢΢Цһ߼ȷ㲻ʲôǻǰʮĵӣɶǻᱻԺ߲㿴ģ֪ʲô𣿡
ҶһȷԺôӣЩ߲㲻ÿһעǺпֻעǰʮţΪǾЩӲŻֵص
˵߲עûʲôʵԵĺôǳͻֺᷢôܴ󡣾Ͱﻪ飬ֻһĵӣôﻪû֤ݣѩ仪лõԺôȻܵڣȴһ鶼ûУﻪִѵһ١
ˣлֵѣҶ˵ͷ漴ֵ룬ǽȥ˵
漴ʯݡ
öºҶ㿪żɽ˵ضҲΪħ۵𣿡
˵ͷ˵Իǳ˵֮⣬ӦòԻˣһδԵħ۵Ĺҽ磬Щ߽֮µĵǣ޲ȥԵ
֪λħǺηʥǻǸĴ𣿡Ҷ첻ɵú
ɹȻЦִ˵е۱ʷӣҲֻǳ˶ѡħҪǲһЩҲǳԽǿߵĴڣûл۵ʱʵǿһС
Ҷ԰ľȻۣҲվ۷һˡ
ֻ˵λħۿ˲ã֪ħѨһħѨһλߣλߴŭһλǿĴڣԷɱˣʹλħѨĻᶼûСħѨҲˣԼȡΪħߣҽ簵зչʵԽԽǿҲԽԽͳһҽ磬˳Ϊħۡ
ҽǳңּ塢ɡѧԺʳ鲼û˿ͳһҽ磬ֻλħˡħͳһҽʱڣҽΪǿʢʱڣʱҽɲڵĹ͹ħ
ϧλħҲܱߣ˵¶һ˿˵ħͳһҽʱǻĽҲһλ˲õǴԺĿߡħȻǿǱȲϻһֱѹƣ߽սʱشصҽ㴫Ѷ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣û뵽λǿޱȵħ۾ȻǱɱģλħ۵ıȻħѨ
Ҫ֪ҶԼһħѨ
Ҷ֣Ȼħ۱ȲϻִڣĹ֮Ҳ֪жٱõһ㣬ǾĻԵҶοҪúıһ£õĻ˵ҽΪЩ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ɻִĹƾЩ֮СһܵõԵЩǿߣǿߣ¶ǰȥԵɣʱǵĻ𣿡
ҡͷЦħȻˣĺö¶ĺԣЩվ۷ǿǣǶԴûһȤǸ𣬶Ѿ߳Լ·漰ȻǡЩǣҽҲ۷ĴڣǱ˴˶пƵģȻһҽˡԣʱԵģΨһЩ֮Σǵʱˮ㣬ֻõһСԵ㹻ǽˡ
Ȼˣǵʱһ֣ΣҶ˵ͷ漴ԶĲܳݣжڣǵĻ϶һЩ
ǶȴЦǴĳǰҽ磬ҽǱѾǿأͬǴĳһԣʱǰҽ磬϶ᱻأ˲ܱͬʱֵһطҽ磬粻ܶãǴԺĴѶʽҲʧ飬ҽôĵطǿºϵһ𡣡


һǧ߰پʮ 
ҶԲüɢִѶʽܶãôӴҽ磬ǵȷϵ˴ˡ
֮⣬ǻҽʱΪ˷ֹй¶Ҫͷ棬ʱǾ˴ˣᱻ·ˣʶԷЦ
Ҷ˵ͷҽ磬ԺĹܶãıݺòϢҪı䣬ȻҲҪı䣬ȷϳ˴ˡ
ȻˣǾˣֻףˡҶ漴Ц
ЦģȻ㲻㣬һЩΣջǿԵģξòԵҲ㹻ˡ
ҶԴ˲÷񣬲һΪԤ֪ΣյģİձǴˡ
ˣҲûȥ׼׼ˣһѡ˵ɫҽκϢҪй¶κһˣңǵҪ˵һй¶ȥˣҽǲܷŹκһԺˡ
˵꣬ҲҶش𣬶ֱ뿪ʯݡ
ҶĬ֪λԵܴ󣬹ؼʱ̣¾ǺѣбѵĿܣԴһǸɸģ˭Ҳء
˼Ƭ̣Ҷóһٶԭʯʼ
һԪҪ뿪ˣҲ˷СĽĻᡣ
ͬʱ磬ԺҶı建۾
Ҷıһֱڰ˲ġϧûлԽл֮ӡеٶҲڻľ౶
ҶƣûǧԪºڰ˲ġ
ٶȣʵѾˣҪ֪ɵڰ˲ġǻǧԪ
˻ľлԽٶȣҶЩڵٶˡ
֪ôٴμ֮ӡǣûԽҶ˼š
ľû취ȥˣãӦûİ취֮ӡǣϾ֮ӡǲǸľӦֻǴ
˼˰죬ûκͷҶʱ飬Ȼֱʧʯ棬ĳʼ档
ųʼӴħѨҶипѣû뵽ħָȻħѨɣһǱǲ
ϧħѨѾﵽ˰˽֮ҪһҪĻԭʯ̫ˡ
ҪħѨôҪĻԭʯֱһ֣޷
ħִڣ治֪ôģҶзǳ棬֪һҽ֮УԵ֪ħѨѸٽϢ
ͷ˼ǧҶȻħѨһֻֻħ۾ʱһ
ȫԲٿһֻħҽ磬һ˾Ͳ֪ҴԺӵˡ
Ҷ뵽Ϸֳһ˿꣬פһֻħڡ
һ˽֮ǳѣǲܳɹģҶħѨˣ׶ˡ
ûãҶһ˿ͺֻħΪһˣ̧֮䣬оʹ
Ψһϧľֻħ̫ˣҶıһָܽ𣬱Ͼı˵߲ġֻħȴʲôҲû
ʵôȥҽʱҪֻħúһ¡Ҷ찵뵽
ȻֻħôҪҲǺ׵ģֻҪһЩҽĹˡ
һ߷
ڴ֮ǰҶûʯֻħûϾֻħʵ̫ˡ
Ҷı壬ڰ˲ġ
һԪʱתۼš

ԺĹ㳡ϣﵽ߽֮ϵĵӣȫۼ
ͬʱλҲվڴ˵ء
˵ɫЩغ࣬ϾǰҽɲСĽԻСĽ磬ǼˣҲֻܴȥҽˣǾͳˣһЩħͷץˣ
λԵܴ󣬵Σܴͬ
ˣλҲޱ࣬ڸԵԺĵǽҽϢ֪ǸþʲôһЩ顣
Ҫ֪λסҲҽ紳ǴԺĹأΨɱҽ磬ɾһܳΪԺĵ

֮λͬʱȵȷɳĳǡ
Ժĵӣ׷׷𣬸Լĺ棬Ŵĳȥ
ȺУҶ쿴˶΢ЦĶɵó˵ͷҲһĮŷ޻ڣгɽĶ죬Լ
ͻȻһ̺ɱĿ⣬Ҷоâ̱
ѩ仪
λõԺĴʦֿһۣĮǷɭȻЦ⡣
ҶжʱȻ֪ҽ磬ûдԺɱĹأѩ仪¶Էԥɱ֡


һǧ߰پʮ ǿ
ߣ
ԶԶؿѩ仪һۣҶ΢΢һڿɲѩ仪Ѿﵽ˽֮۷壬ɵ߲ġټϽħͺħսףѾѩ仪һս
Ψһĵģѩ仪ġ
ҽ磬ΣյıǱ¶Ժӵݣʱܵҽ׷ɱԣԲܱ¶Լݡ
ҶԼģȵҽ磬ֻħжƽڳʼڰ˲㼴ɣֻеΣյʱ򣬲ųս
Ҷħ㱻ݻˣҲʱһ˭֪ԼǴԺĵӣ
˼֮䣬Ѿɳ˴ĳǡ
λӣ˶ţûΣֱӷùȡ
·ùȵʱûһҽǿ֣߳ΪԺȺ̫ӴˣλǿϢأ˭ҳ
˵ҽǿѾȥˣûлȥģڸܵλǹǿϢ֮Ҳðͷ
ռڸʱڱסˡ
һĸҽ֣ͻȻ֣λɱ־춯أû飬ʱջҡ
Ȼⳡսĺܿ죬Ϊλ̫ǿˡ
λʣһԺĵޣġķǳȭͷͺ˵˵ĻöԷһȭ
õԺޱֻһ񣬱öԷֻ֮в԰ΣȻޱɵһȭ塣
Ҷ˿õһλʵ̫ǿˣͬҽĸ̫Զˡ
ߣһȺҰ·ӳҲǵ棬ֱһЦм֮ɫ
Ҷ첻ɵʵʦ֣ΪͬЩ˵ʵôôࣿ
쿴Ҷһۣ˵ûǰ㣬ڵжǵĲж󡣡
ҶȻڵ㲻ýħͺħսףŵ߲ġɻɱ֮ǰͬ׵
ЩҰ·ӳȻΪȥˣĹǵĲ̫ԶˣͬΪǵʵȻҲǵ̫ࡣ˵
Ҷ˵ͷʵѾˡ
ȵҽ磬ҪСЩƾõĴǽ̳ĵӣ֮ͬжǷǳǿġѵ
лʦָ㣡Ҷʾл
ʱλѾɱĸҽٶǰ
ԶǰһɫĹĤΪ롣
ǿռڡ
֪ںɫĤһߣҽ硣
䣡һɫӰ֡
ִϲ֪ʲôʱǰûлͷֻǰĿռڣȻһǧŰپʮĹŭǿϢѹڳ˶
λְǵֵסִϵϢƾϢܽѹ
ҿ
ִϴһȫϢǣǰضŤʱռӿĿռƬ۳һӣǰӿƵȥ
ִǰһ̤ռѷӳȥ֩һ·˫ֻӶһӡ䣬һӴĥ̶Ȼ֣ǰĿռڷ顣
Ȼڿռڷ˲䣬һӴѹֺ˽
ôҽ
飬ޱߵɱ⣬淨ڣΪһìɱִϡ
ͬʱģҶЩӣǼλȫһѪɳȥһɫήҡ
ǿ
Ҷ쵹һǹؼʱԻħսף¾˲ˡ
ΧЩʦֵǣλʦ֣ɫɷףϢȻƲء
߼ǿߣҶ찵뵽
ʵϣҲ֤˶ԷʵΪǰִ϶ԷһˣȻִûˣҲ֤˶ԷĿֲʵ
ȥɣӥվҪչ裬ϣܹȫع飡
Ȼһƽ͵ڻ
һ̣ҶЩԺĵӣȫطǰĿռС
ղǵٶ𣬶һζԷӷŭˣȻҪҽ硣
ɲǼ䣬編ڣΪһҶǽɱһſֲϢ
ڴʱһɨȻҶǰ֮䣬Щȫ
㱼䣬һϤӰӡҶԺ
ԭǸڴԺɨصĴ壬ȻԺҶһͷȻͻ˹ȥһƬռʧڻ֮С


һǧ߰پʮ ֲ
ֱۣˣ
֪˶ãҶЩԺһоԴۣ·ը죬˶κģҶ쿴綼ת
ֱ˰죬ҶŻָشܡ
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Ҷ첻ɵ÷߿գȴִ˵ܴ󣬽˼׸ߣ޷С
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ҲΪҽһ޴ޱȵĴ½Ȼܴ
ʵ˻Ľ֮⣬硢硢ħ硢ҽ硢磬綼һ޴Ĵ½д˵Ľ統Ҳһ½ֻ½ǿߴˣγʯƯڻ֮С
˿̣˫վƬɫĴ½ϣҶ·ص˵ݴ½ֻҽ½ݴ½ö࣬涼Ҫöֱ࣬ޱ޼ʣҲ̽ͷ
ңҶڴ˵أԼֻ̽Բһ
һ￴ȷܴ󣬵ǺʲôҪ֪ҶڻĽ磬һ棬Ȼһ
ȫ汻ѹˣҶĿ¶֮ɫںϾҶѹˣֲһ˱ѹơ
Ϊ֮ƣÿŪλãħĹϢ
΢΢˼Ƭ̣ҶгǾħԼص˳ʼ棬ڰ˲ġ
ʵҶħܵʱЦ
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Ҫ֪ı˼׸ߣеĲж
þһŹһ£ʵ̫ˡҶգͳŲԶǳطɱȥ
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Ҷ۾һɣŭһһȭֻޡ
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𣡡֮ɫ̧ͷŴͣ㽫Ҷȥˡ
Ҷ졭ˣ
ۣҲڴʱԱ߳һ۵ӰӶеĺɫħھûзӦ֮ǰͽԴɫĥѪһء
ȻҶı塣
ɱֻ֮ҶٴгһħȻѸٷسʼ棬һ˿ħ
һΣҶ쾯˺ܶ࣬۹·˷Сĵز鿴ǰޣȻ俪ƶǣ濴ȥ
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ҪǣҷΧ򣬽ȴûзټҪôϢҪôܹ̽顣
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ʵֻǿ࣬ôͨԼѶҺƳȥʵôˣΪ޷ĶҺƳȥ
Ҷʱһħھ޵Դ淢һɫľ塣
Ҷ״ϣ֮пǰֻ޵ԴȻҲ淢һɫľ塣
ԱǸħֵĺɫ壬Ҷ췢־ʵԽǿԴ̺ľԽ
޵ȽǳغʡҶ漴
ͬʱҶٴηųħһ·Щħ·СǰԶĳǳء
һ·ҶܵҽĿ£һط³Ǿ


һǧ߰پʮ 
Сʱ·̣Ҷʧ˼ٸħħϵ˳ǰ
ǳطǳӴ󣬳ǽƣһ󷨹Ļǳذ棬óһ˿Ҳݲ
¥ϣվسˣǴҵķΣսףյѷעҶ졣
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һǧ߰پʮ 
ŴʳֱǴ롢κԡԪ󺫡󱱣Դħ֮ҽңµɱŴʳ
ǽħ塢ռ塢Ե壬棬ħºպսǵʵǿŴʳҲǡ
ħšѪ¹ɡѪħڡڣħħ۵һħ󿪴ɣӵвħ۵ĴУʵǿޱȡ
Ѫ¹ɵʷܹϣħǰɾѾ˲֪£ħҲǡɵ˺٣ÿֻһˣһ˾վ˵۷壬ѹš
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ѪħڵʷҲǳϣɵѪ¹ɵһӣѳѪ¹ɣѪħڡѪħںѪ¹һÿֻһӣ츳Ѫ¹ɴ൱Уÿһ˳һǲ˳˫ɱ¡
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뵽Ҷ콫ħʬҲտˣȻһ߳ԣһ
أҶ췢֣Խǿħ޵⣬ڡЧԽá

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ԣҶʹһ֣룬ֱ֣Ҳ֪֪󣬸θ롣


һǧ߰پʮ ħ
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Ҷ˵ͷߵˣկĵϵҪկһΪĻôõѡ
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ֱһԪλٵǿߣƺΪԼǳȡħ˸٣תسˡ
ҶڸܵߵϢȥ֮Ϸųħһȡħ
һҶħԽԽֱ࣬ҸƧĵطħ塷Щħȡħ


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ħȡħҶħ塷ٶȾͿ࣬Ҳõħ᲻ˣֻҪɡ
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ȻҲֻ˵˵ѣҶ첻档
ܼ˵Цˣկ䣬կȻ£ȻܼҾܷԸɡҶЦ˵
ܼѾϰҶֱƢԺǺЦԸҵǰΪħ۵ĹϢˣկ׼ɴүǰȥ鿴ֵǺʹүһȥүİΣ
ҼǵûĻƺħĹҲܸȤθүһȥǿһԸ
ܼҵĻҶüͷһЩȵ˵ħĹ𣿲կ˼Ҳȥ𣿡
ûеկԳʱܼҡҡͷ˵ǵõϢħ䣬һλĹսĹ֪ΪΣλսҲˣ˺ĺĹЩУҲͳΪĹһ塣ȻЩĹҲ֪Ϊιʣǵ˲ΪθջԵ޹ʵˡֱڣĹһ壬ֻʣһˡ
Ҷ֮һĿ˸ħĹϢĹһ˴ȥ𣿡
ܼҵ˵ͷ˵ȥģȥ֮ʧˣǰʱ䣬Ѱټ񣬲һ˿ͷկǲүȥ̽
ôҵ𣿡Ҷʵ
ܼҡͷûҵȴססѰĹһħĹĸϣͨЩϣѾȷݣĹһ壬϶֪ħĹλڡ
Һܺ棬˼ȻĹһ壬ΪǰųħĹϢڷųأʲôıƣҶɻ
ܼЦȻ˼޹أĿ궼ֻħĹѡƾһ˵ѵܽŪڹ֮𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷҲòܣƾǻٸߣҽĸǿԺҵֵĿֲڣʱǿ߻ۣһıԵֵסġ
ܼҼ˵Ĺ˵סѾĹһܲڣڸѾǰȥ̽ˣʮկȻҲ󡣡
Ŷ֪ǺεأҶ
ʳܼһ˵


һǧ˰ ħ
ʳǾŴʳ֮һŴʳһ̶ǳǵĿߵҲħºպĴʵɲ⡣
ʮկһɽٶλˣǿȴŴʳɼ˻ħɽƫƧطɼǵʵжôǿ
ҶħĹϢҲǴӴʳģĹһҲڴʳħ۵Ĺпܾڴʳˡ
ܼҵ˵ͷ˵ǰʳˣʮկҲ󡣡
ԼȥǺʮկһȥҶ漴ʵ
ܼЦһȥĿ̫󣬺ע⣬Ǹȥġʮկһ壬ؼʱǻҪģĻƾǵı£ôܺЩӵԵ
ˣʲôʱҶ˵ͷ˵
ܼЦڣ
£ĸӰΪ׵һ˽üĿӢˣһѳʵˣһǺ׷ͯյߣ䣬Ȳһ࣬ǿ׳˫Ŀ֮䣬ͬ¶ɢһǿϢһ̬欵ٸһϯɫȹΣ¶ưѩһϧϴһŶħߣƻʹħϵĸо
ܼң¼λ䣿Ϊ׵˳Ҷ쿴ȥ˵֮䣬ϴ΢ЦֻЦЩαһ֪װģǿ
ҲҶ졣
Ҷ治ɫԼ˵˵ͷ
ܼæܵүλ䣬˽֮
ͬʱܼҲҶ֣ܵλկĴү½Ž֮
漴ܼҲˡ
ߺ׳Ҳǿ䣬ֱȨͶźһǾŽ֮һǰ˽֮
Ƿȹٸ½ı㣬ĸ½ĸ׽á
ңҶ𾪵ǣŮһλʮ֮
໥ʶ֮½㿪˵²˳٣̳ɣǸʳһ·Ҫߡ
ҶȻ顣
һˣ·뿪Ǻ½˻֣һֻɫݱƾճǰǿϢŵҶһ
ϸȥһֻͨɫĴ˫չգһһһ˸
ǰֻ͵ĺɫݣ½ޱԺ˵ͷڹǵǾŽ֮ħޣҽŽ֮󣬸͸ҵġ
˵գֱ˺ڹǵıϣڹǵ˴ųա
ҶȣԭЩħҲշһͷħ޴ȷԼ·ǿˡ
Ҷ쾪֮ɫԱߵҲٻԼķħޡ
ȨͶźķħʵǳСֻһֻĽ֮ħޣͱȺڹǵС࣬ٿǷˡ
λȹٸҲٻԼķħޣķħһֻʷˣʵȾŽ֮½Ĳ١
˳Լķħ֮󣬲ɵýĿ⿴Ҷ졣
Ҷһ㶣漴Цȿȣλûзħޡ
ǻĽ磬˵֮ˣ𣬶λ磬Ҫʲôħް
ΣҶ֮ǰҲɱħޣʵˣ޷Щħ޳

ʱҶʱܵ½һŵıĹâ
Ҳüû˵
ϼһȨ˫Ŀû⡣
ֻжźȻˣ־ͺһɡ
лҶ쳯˱˱ȭ漴˫һŵ棬Ծϸ߿գ˶źķħ档
ҶЩңҺԼħ塷˵㣬ĻôԼδ
ٶȿ㣬ҪϵʳȻǰĿĵء½ߴһ䣬㵱·ǰ棬ֻһӰ
߶·ħ޸ȥ
ȨҲ̵ظǺ档
УһŸʲôҪûӣƾôһͷŽ֮ķħޡźֹһ䣬߶·ħ׷ȥ
ҶĿһѯʵַ֣ħ޺ܹ𣿡
Ȼܹ󣡡źߵҽ磬ΨеѱЩħ޵ı죬ҪħޣȥڵĿĵְ̹ٷ֮¢ϵ⣬˼Ҫʲô۸Ǿʲô۸㲻͹⣬˭ҲѱЩħޡһЩħ޼۸;Ӹ߲£ҽµͷļ֮ķħޣҪٻԭʯΪ˸·㣬ҲŲ򡣡


һǧ˰ ߲
ҶԵһҲ̫˰ɣٻԭʯͼֵ㣬ⶼܹһƷʺܺõĸ߼ˣܹˡ
һͷĽ֮ķħޣȻͼֵôֱ࣬
Ҫ֪ҽ磬ħ޵ģħ޵ͬܶࡣ˵ֻҪǲǿ߳ȥԣץЩħޣȫһ⡣
ڸжôС
ѹΪҽΨһһɣȻԴôáҶ찵뵽
ɶɣֻһħɣħɿ϶ᱻ
ͬĵҽֻһɣȺħӵȻܹĺúõģʲôʵ
˸еڣӵӴԴʵ϶¡
Ҷؼסɡ
һ˼·
зħ޴ǵٶȿ࣬գۼ˦Զˡ
Ҷѯʵ֣ղүΪûд󣿷Ӧÿʡ²ʱɡ
źЩɵؿҶһۣ˵֣㻹ҽûзħҲˣȻ㶼֪
Ҷһæ͵ǰǶڻħɽչأ֪ĲǺܶ࣬ҲûȥŴʳԼʶ١
źԻȻ򣺡ԭǿߣҲһǿߣ˵Ⱥһֻ֪ͷ罻û뵽ġ
Ҷһ㶣漴ɹȻһЦû뵽ϹèӣźΪԼǿߡ
ǣҶͷĳǰȷһߣΪԴľŲòկġ
źͷ֣ѡǶˣһζĿ޷ģóȥ˽ԴҪ㿴Ǵүʱ̺ܶ࣬˼ҶѾǾŽ֮ˣʲôԴ
Ҷǡ
ź˵Ǹ󣬵ҪһܹãҪ֪ͬһɱͨǿˣǰ󷨣һа٣Խɱжڻ¡կկҲͨôһλΪկôֻоŴʳɣ𡣡
˵䲻ĻկһλЬ䣬Ȼ˫ǵλ̫ˡЩһǸϱ߼ˣҪƺһʦ㹻𾴡ź˵
ҶЩ⣬û뵽Щʦҽô㣬ڻĽʦȻλҲܸߣûҽôš
ȻҲҽĻйϵɣ̫ˣеһжѹƣܷС
ĻԸ컻أ󷨵ʦλȻˮǴߡ
֣ǻħɽһûУڵȸʳĳǳأȻڵĴǰĿĵء·вʱ䣬ҾȰɡź˵
Ҷɻõħ޹𣿡
ź΢ЦΪֹһͷħ޵ĹдүͱСͷȾŽ֮ķħڣʮ֮ϵķħޣķħԶԶ㿪ˡʮ֮ϵķħޣ٣ֻҪرǲġңбСʮ֮ڣǿħ֪ͨǵġ
Ҳԣѹи߸Ӷš
ҶҲ۾ˣڳʼħ㱻͵ϮٵˣҲκƣûҪġ
ǣҶҲʼ߲ġħ塷
ʱţڴڼ䣬ǹȻûʮ֮ϵħޡ
һЩͬħ޵ˣЩڸܵʮ֮Ϣ֮ҲԶԶض㿪ˡ
ħɽʮλկһλɽ⣬ʣʮ֮ǿ
ʮ֮Ͳ࣬ҴҪչس磬Ȼͺˡ
ˣһ·ϣҲû۵ǡ
ʮԪʱ䣬Ҷһ˲Ŵ˻ħɽ˴ʳĵ
ͬʱҶġħ塷˵߲㣬ħʵٴһλ
ңе߲ġħ塷գҶԡҲһ¥Ҫ˶ãɵڰ˲ġˡ
ʱ½ѾһӴޱȵĳǳǰ
˵ħޣ
½ָǰĳǳضҶ˵ģǰ·ǣǺǷͷжȥйħĹϢȻڴǰϡ
˷׷׵ͷ漴һͬ·ǡ


һǧ˰ 
·ڴʳȻֻһСǣȴǴö࣬ռǳǳΰԶǡ
ɴ˿ɼʳʵжôǿԶʮկܹȼġ
·ǺҶ췢½鶼࣬ûпʼôԺˣԵúܵ͵·һ·ˡ
סˣǰϣ½ٶȷԸ˼һ䣬Ȼͺͷ˫˫ȥˣ˼ұܣȻһж
ȨϼһҲ뿪ˡ
źҶ˰֣˵Ҳ߰ɣ
Ҷ˵ͷȻһֵȺС
·ǷǳɭϣʱĿԿһȺʿѲ߶߽֮ϵΪó˲
Ҷ˰죬һҾ¥ȥˡһ߳ħ⣬ƣһΧ˵̸
ȻڴҶ̸ħĹϢҪҶѾ֪һС
ȥ˼ʮԪħĹϢϸˣǸĹ˵ٱ˷ˣʵʮ֮նɱһЩ׷ˣȻͻΧȥٶʧ˵ڡ
⣬ĹһĹҲ˷ˣھԨ
ԨǴʳٱǸһսǰħڴ¾һԶŻʳǿߣͳһҽɨƽе·
ʱͷѾԨˡ
Ҷ֪Ϣ֮ϸǰ
½ͷȨҲڴ˵ء
Ҷ쵽½˵ͷ˵ʣ¶źˣһﻹ
үˡδ䣬Զ㴫ź
֣Ҷ쳯Ŷź˵ͷ
½Щͷ˵ǶѾ֪Ϣˣǵþٱǣ߰ɣ
Ҷ켸û½봫ȻͿ½һǧԭʯâʱ𣬰ʧ·ǡ
ٴ۾ʱҶѾһ̨ˡ
ٱǡ
ٱǱһƬѩ֣Χһ޼ʵİɫ磬лƮȭͷСѩ¶Ⱥܵ͡
ΧһĻźɵٶȾǿ죬֪·ǸϵٱǣŷħޣҲҪķϰٸԪУû뵽һת۾͵ˡǼ۸̫Ĺˣһ˳󣬾ҪһǧԭʯÿһˣҪһǧԭʯֱǮ
ҶȻѹկǲǰ಻٣ʺϴ͵
ϻˣϽȥԨ½һ㳯ųſڸȥ
Ѿ֪ȥԨˣѾһٲȥĻȲˡ
źɫЩÿ½կĴүʵҲǿֻѡʵʵظ½档
Ҷ첻һԣҲں档
˳֮󣬱ųħޣžԨȥ
ҶȻͶźͬһͷħޡ
ٱͬһƬɫ磬ѩ磬޾ĴȫǺĻѩ
Ԩǵϵһѷ죬ֻѷ̫ӴˣƺڰһͷħſѪڣһС
ȥ½ǰľԨʱһȷǰ档
İΣæȥ
ǣȨͶźͽƻˣ˶ں棬Сع۲ܣǳ
ҶͬˣѾų̽ܡԨ֮󣬾ͬ󺣣ʧӰ٣ŵҶҲ̽ˡ
ȻھԨûãֻܿһ˫۾ˡ

ڴʱһҵ󷨹â𣬽ǰԨ½ͷ棬貵Ĺâ硣
Ȩɫһ䣬æˣ˵꣬תӣһҲ½ͷ
޳ܣźɫһ䣬ȨıӰŭһ漴תͷҶ˵֣կĿ䣬ôĹΣȿԲԼġ
Ҷͷȥ˵ܾȣ뿪Ҳ١
ź˵ͷ漴Сǰ󷨹âղҿ࣬ûб֡
ǽӽ󷨵ʱѾԿмӰڼˣǷ½ǵͷŽ֮ķħޣΧǵˣһʮ֮ĸŽ֮
ʱǸʮ֮սѹƣȻ·硣
½ǱߵͲ̫ˣܵŽ֮Χټ󷨵ѹƣѾͷŽ֮ķħҲŽ֮ǣסˡ
ź״Ҷ죬лᣬСʵԱǸʮ֮ҪǿֻǱѹһʵ
Ҷ󷨣ȥȥүҶ쿪˵
źԥƬ̣뵽Լ󷨣ҧ˵ͷ˵Ͷˡ
漴ͷж


һǧ˰ 
źȥ½ȥˣȻֻһ˽֮½ϾһĶӣկկļƷʵǺǿģǱѹƵ̫ݣһ˾ܶԸǰŽ֮
˿˶źǣƣ½ѹʱ࣬㱣ס
л֣½ǰЩźҶЩɢޣǴ˿̱źˣʱмźл
źүӰ֧һѾȥˣֻҪɹˣǾӮˡ
̫ˣ½ʱϲ漴ɻȨأŽ֮ڣǾˡ
źߵϼһһΣգͰܵˡ
ɶ쵰կôá½ԲѪɱСҵţұկԺ͵ʮկ׷ɱɡ
źүЩԺ˵ȶɹǰء

ʱҶҲ˴֮УĴ鷳
ǰݴ½ʱҶǶ󷨵ģʱݴ½ɾߡʱݴ½ǿҲ񼶱𣬵ߴҶǵΪͲʲôˡ
˵ǰ֮õģǸҶԿöġ
˿̣ҶѾԻˣҲ󷨵ĺġ
Ҷ첢ңվԭز˼Žİ취
ȻҲ󷨺ģǾֻİ취ˡҶƬ̣漴ϵ壬ųһħ˷ӿȥ
ų˰ħ鲼ȻҶЩħԱ
˽֮ħԱǷǳֲģȻûֱӴݻ󣬵Ҳըҡҡ׹ΧҲࡣ
Ҷ˫ⱬʱҵ󷨵ĺģϸ˹ȥ
ʱ󷨵ĺģϥһ˽֮ȫת󷨣ȻħըѪȻͿҶˣʱš
㡭Ȼҵ󷨺ģ˽֮𾪵
Ҷûϻóڽŵ㳯ŶԷȥ
ߣͬǰ˽֮ǰ˽֮۷壬ֻһܽŽ֮ΪԻɱҡ
Ȼ󣬾ûȻˡ
Ѿɵ߲㡶ħ塷ħڰ˽֮Ҳ۷һУԸһҰ·ӵİ˽֮һɱġ
ɱʦ֮Ҷϴݻ󷨺ģʱȻ󳹵ױ

һŭĽ
û󷨵ѹƣʵʱȫչֳֻһ㽫ʮ֮Ѫ
ʮ֮ҲǷǳ󷨱ƵԼֲǶԷ֣ѡܡ
ߣҪȥ׷ɱҶӭȥС㣬Էʮ֮ûоԵʵѹƣ׷ȥҲɱȽʣµˡ
һҶ죬Ȼ֪ҶƵ󣬱ϾҶ߻Ǹʦʬ塣˵ûҶ죬ξˡ
ԣҶ˵ͷлȻ󣬱תɱĸŽ֮
ĸŽ֮˿Ҳ׼ˣֻһˣ½ͷŽ֮ķħǣסˣȻڳֹķɱһʣµ״֪ԼֱܲԱըͷħޣҲը½ЩǱ
źĶ࣬Ƶʱ򣬾Ͷ㵽һȥˣԲûˡ
ȻһսӮˣ½Ƿ˵ɫǳѿҧгݡ
ΪǼŽԨҲͲܵȻҲᱻѹơ
ǵʵû󷨵ѹƣˣܶԸЩˣǱ
һ˳˳ˮ½ͷܴ
үС㣬ǻȻٱưɣѾôãҲںһʱˡΣź˵
½ü뵽ղǶźԼҲͲÿˡοȷ˵ĺأҪָơ
Աߵͷ֣ζлˣǾģȻٱˡ
зڣ½Ҳ̨˵ٱǡ
صٱǺ󣬼˱һҿջס£½ȥָƣҶͶźûʲô£һЩƲˣһȾ졣
ƹѲźɫЩÿߵկկΪ˻ӾͲˣǸС㣬ǰϹһΪһʶûУڻħɽģһֱǵӱӣûгȥξǵȻһʾûС϶̰ģԺ˭侮ʯͲˡ
Ҷ˵ͷҲ÷½̫ˣһŽ֮ʮ֮ΪǿһЩŷ۾ôֶûС


һǧ˰ ɳ
ƺҶеɻ󣬶źЦ֣ΪʵǶĶӣһ֮ΪҪúѣǶǺŽԿ׳ģǵļңڻħɽֵطǺߵģܹʲô
ǵ̣
źߵЩɺ;Ŵʳʮկ̫ԶˣЩɵӣ;ŴʳῡܣǾ߹ģǲʵǿҲһһġ
Ҷ˵ҿһΣկկ֮ǲүͱСҲĥǵ˼档
ź˵ͷЦկկҲǴʬɽѪ߳Ȼ֪ӵ㣬ԲǼ棬ϾЩɢޣǿɶǶģԱߣҲָһ
˵ˣ˵ˣǺȾơ
ôҪãõһħ۵ĻԵ϶Ҳоͻˣ

һپƲ֮󣬱Իݱչȥˡ
һԪ½ͷָƣǳء
˾ۼһ
½ү˿ƱһƵģһźҶ죬㹪Ǹ֣֣ǰ½ĳ۸ڶԴеλϣλܹԭ¡
˵գ½óǧԭʯһһǧ͸źҶ죬˵ϴǾҺͱ㣬㶫ɾ⡣
һҶͶźЩĿɿڴǰүǲǻһˡ
˶һۣһǧԭʯ
Ϊʵ̫Ķˡ
Ҷ֮ǰĻԭʯֻʣһǧˣڼһǧҲֻʣǧԭʯѣȱȻƴǡߣǵȷ½ͷЩԭʯӦõġ
ҶԭʯЦ˵֣֡ȻΪǵͣɢ޵֮·ǳ࣬һ·زҲ֪˶ĥѣǻۿ϶Һͺ֮ԱģԺϣλָܹ㡣
źҶһۣ˵ͷ
ܹŽ֮ʮ֮ĴڣȻǰ׳գǱͨϴεĴǰλүʹСѾɳˣܹԼĶ̴˵ĳܹʱظԼĹ۵㡣
ʱźеĲѾʧˣˬʵЦүͱСˣ϶կĿ䣬կôĹȻկ¡
֮£λÿҶҲͷ˵
½˵ͷ漴һϵʵλ֪ǷȥԨˣ
үȻȥǾȥɡź˵ͷ漴βٴˣ˭֪ĹһھԨ϶йħĹܣҽĸĿϴǼˣ϶׼ãػһЩԨˡھԨ治٣ǵýһЩ
֣ЩΪôѵǲɵĵ𣿡½ʡ
źЦүկկĶӣկСͲȱԴô֪ɢ޵ĿࡣɢΪԴʲôıƺûиɹ֮ǰЩˣһȺ֮ͽǲŲĸˣɱֻҪһ㣬ǻҵߣŵӶдɵӵı־·͹ܿǿ϶ȥǡʮկҲڻħɽеӰʳ˭֪կʲôǲŲɵء
½ȻЩɫѿҲ֪ź˵ʵЩɴʳʮկʲô
߰ɣڵ
˶ʱ뿪ٱǡ
˳ţ½ͶźԼķħޣҶ죬Ȼ˻֣һֻͨɫĴӥҶǰ
Ľ֮ӥѾѱֻҪιһξѪΪ˵
⡭Ҷɻؿ
ЦϴƵģ㹦ֻħޱǶĽ
лС㣡Ҷ챧˱ȭȻƳһξѪӥԵ
ȷʵҪһֻħޣϾǺͶźͬһֻħЩ㣬·ԣսͺ鷳ˡ
໣潣ԵҶһξѪҶĿʱ࣬ųԴĦҶĸ첲ǳ˳
˼Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴̤ӥıϣſһ潣пգٶȺܿ졣
˳ŷħޣٶǰԨ


һǧ˰ Ⱥ
ٴԨ½ͷСĽ˺ܶ࣬ͶźҶһ𣬲֮ǰôçײǰȥˡ
ź˻֣һЩϵĹƾճ֣ǲȭͷСǳĶ࣬һг򣬳ǰȥ
½ͷɻĿ⣬ź͵Щ̽ϣ󷨣ᱻǷ֡Ȼõ󷨣ǿ϶ֲˣּǿߣԷûв󷨣Ҳ·һ
½ȻЩ˷ܵ˵ⶫǾͲˣǰôû뵽ⶫܹ𣿡
ǺǣүҪǹĻɢô𣿡źҡͷʧЦⶫܱˣ˵ֵǮô̽ҲֻҪһԭʯѡ
½ôܣֺöȻֻҪһԭʯ
һԵҶ쵭Цֶû˿սҲֻھԨֵطã磬Ȼ󷨲Ҫּ߶
źЦ˵Ĳ磬ЩֻǼߣֻھԨѹĵطǲô
½ŷӦǵûбѹƣȫ̽󷨣Щ̽ǿˡ
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źǺЦС㣬ǰֻڻħɽ֪Ĳпᣬξ֮󣬱ˡ
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½ͷԵúܾ裬׼ʱ֡
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½ͷԶʱ˲٣Ͼղǿ˲λʮ֮Ž֮͸ˣеȻܽš
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Ѿѧˣʼڶźȡ顣
ż˵ļ룬ҲԽԽ࣬ȥʮ֮Ž֮˽߽֮֮ȵȣм
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ҶһԳĬԣַ½֮ǰˣ֪źˣһ·ϵȷɳ˲١
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½Ȼ֪Ҷʲô˼ǳǰ濴ȥȷ˲پŽ֮ȻվһЩʮ֮ǰ棬ԵЩ֡
Щݲ𣿡
ӦǾŴʳɣԼľӢӵܣǽǾŽ֮һʮ֮ǵĶ֣ЩҪסˣǡҶ˵
½ʱȻԷǵԼ˲ǵˣ˶ûΪ֪Ҷ˵ĶԣЩǵȷǲ


һǧ˰ ڰ˲
Ҷ˵֮ͳĬˣ֮ǰ˵Щϲ죬կôãô˵կ飬ЩϣȻҪһ
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ź˵ͷЩ֮ԵΪǰĹ˵ӣд֣һһλǿʦõĴּĴȾŴʳһЩǳصĴҪǿ˸ҽȥһЩȥҲ·һ
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ҽ磬һУŻһʦԵʦǸϱλӽߡ
һ߼ʦǾǴ˵еĴڣˣһ˱൱һվҽ۷һˡ

ͻȻΧˣȫվԶһƬȻԨ
Ҷ졢½ź˶ʱѡ
ȥ̽һϢź״ʱȺС
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½ĿɿڴΪʲôôǿЩģնźĻ˵ͬǾŽ֮»Էһȭɱġ
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ͷ͡ħ塷ȡħ塷һϾħ塷ħĹܹħ塷ھŲ㣬ôλ̫ӣ¾ͲĶˡ
½һЦھŲ㣿Сô꣬Ҳ㣬ĲͻôھŲ㡣


һǧ˰һʮ ռͨ
ħ塷Ѷȣկ֪ģ½ҲΪԼţѡŹڶ֮ͰˣҲҺķʱȥŹˡ
Ȳ˵ھŲ㣬ǧ࣬˵ھŲ㣬կҲֻǰŲġħ塷ľûˣ޷Źȥ硣
һѶȾ޴󣬻޷Ĺ˭ɵȥ
կһѡħ塷һˣһǿȣķѸʱ䣬ǾͲˡ

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Դϲæ˵ôͷʦʦֻҪǿһͨˡ
̫ԼҪСĵ㣬Ĺһǳأ˭֪ûʲôΣաʦѵԷȻһСϾǴʳ̫ӣĻҲкܴ鷳ġ
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֪ү˭𣿿
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вȺʮ֮ûȺʮ֮ʮ֮ʵ˴ȥǺɵġ
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ʮ֮ʵû˿ԵֵϾǿߣѾǰռͨˣʣµĶһЩʵˡ
⣬ҶҲչֵ߲ġħ塷ȫڣɫħԨһЩ·ȫɣһЩŽ֮һȭߣ½Ͷź𾪣Ŀɿڴ


һǧ˰һʮһ ԰
ʱҶ죬ȫչֳ߲㡶ħ塷ǿʵΪֻǰ˽֮ϢһЩŽ֮Ҫǿ󣬱֮˶١
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ϸ㣬˳ȥģֻһСˣеǿߡ
ʣµȻģҲֻε뿪Ԩٱȥˡ

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˸ѣϾħ塷ٶ̫ˣħŵҲȲϡ
źԣʱȻ򣺡ԭˣ֣ڡħ塷츳Ҿȫ԰ħˣǿɰһУλͬնﰡ˵Ժ϶һҪչأ
Աߵ½ԣеļʸŨˣܿˣΪҲǰ׳գڵҶ죬ԲԵġ
ĽؿҶ죬ͷ˵˵Ĳ֣ҲȰħţ˵ħŵĸʹҪ磬ͱҪħţòʮġħ塷
ҶпЦҪħţõħ塷ĹħĹԵħŵıڣҲ࣬
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˵ҲͲٶԣҶһǰ԰֡
߰ɣЩ˵ĽŲߣźڵϣӡķ򣬾ḻʱ
½ɻ֣Щ˲ǶзħôѡýŸ·
źҡҡͷЦүĹһӣղҲˣһλʦ޷ƽ⡣ɴ˿ɼĹһ嵱жôǿ˭֪ûв˽󷨣Ҫ̤Уܾˡ
½εЦЦ
Ҷ˲⣬ŵµĽӡǰȥ
ȺˣȻɵҶˣҲںȥ


һǧ˰һʮ ͭ
ǰһЩ˵ĽӡҶ켸˳ŲԶһƬȥ˺ܾãȴԼƬ֮ľ벢ûиı䡣
ã֮ˣźһӦ
ҶüͷʵлˣϾ֮ǰôˣǳ˵ϵĽӡ⣬Ȼһ˶ûмҲ̫ˡ
ףǺЩأͻȻɻؿ
Ҷ졢źʱͷյһƬûһӰжȻһ˿⡣
ʲôʱʧģ½Щ˵֮ɫǵʵȻûзֺЩʧġ
ˣǴһעⲻҪɢСĹ۲ܡ
źҶѾˣ˽һ˹۲һ
½״Ҳѧǣ۲
ĸˣպÿԹ۲ĸ
ѹֻ˫ۣĻ̽˷
Сǰȥ
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ǣҶȴԼĽӡɫĺۼĽ֮С
ĹצҶɫ

֣
ʱԱߵĶź½ʵѾֻɫצϽ˵صףֻʣһԴ档
Ѿѳæץס½Ҷץס˶ź
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˶֮ܿͻָֻȣֻɫЩ԰ףȻƲᡣ
źµ˵ˣЩ˿¶Щɫצץȥˣӵʮ֮ʵֵס
źո˵꣬һֻɫĹצٴνץסȥ
ҶͷҪԮǵֻɫצֱץס˵ĽƣһʱѲá
һߣ½Ҳֵش
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ŭ𣬳ŵ治ϵغȻֻǺһЩӣʲôҲûп
Ҷֹð׷ˣЩצǴӵģݻģүͶѾ֪Ǵȥˡ
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ҶѾ棬ֲ󷨣޷䱻֮ض
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ҶߵֿЩɫצǴߣҲǴ
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Ҷ˵ͷ£˲پ裬š
ȻûãֻɫצץסǵĽףȥ
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ȵȥҶϱ߲ġħ塷˺ɫĹצ»ص˵ϡ
Ҷٻһͨħħջ˳ʼ档
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ҵҪʲôŹ֮ʼУҶͨħѨ۲ֻħһһѡ
ʵϣֻͨħûħ塷ҲûѺɫצ
Ҳ֪˶ãҶ췢һƬʲôҲͨħѨҶħվո̧Դײһ塣
Ҷ֣ܶ壬һεĺ档
ȥҶһףӲ䣬͸һɺ
ˡⲻǹײİɣҶһҿڳʼ棬Ǹħ
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ϧٸֻʣһ壬ûһ˿Ϣ


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ҶͭٸԽе֡
ȻٸѾˣͨԿóԷǰһλΪǿϢҶˡ
Ϊ֮磬ѾΪһ壬ֻʣһѪһϸ»ָ塣
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ԱǸǰٻɫצߵħ˿̻ðħ˵ϡ
ͬʱͭٸҲһƬɫƾˡ
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䣬ҸӦҪжϣȻͻҡħѨһϢ
ħѨĴѶڵϵġֲˡħҲʼ˱仯ü֮һħ֣ɢĹâ
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ǰħ滻Լħѡħ塷߲ħˡ
ңֱӹ꣬ħѾҶһ˿ƣ䣬ôҶ챾Ҳᱻ䡣
뵽Ҷ첻ɵõһʵ̫Σˡ

֪䣬ʲô
Ҷϸǰڵϵġֲˡħһɫħɢ֮üĶһħ⣬ϲûзʲô仯ϢһҲûмͳûʲô
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Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬漴ڵϵġֲˡħͭ棬սʼ棬Ȼתħ塷þħԼü۳һħ֡
Ȼⲻ䣬Ҷٰġ
Ϊ²⣬ˣ϶䡣
һУҶɨɨʯڵһУûʲôƷ֮ƿţ˳ȥ
һȥҶʱˡ
Ϊˣȫ䣬һǿߣʮ֮ǾŽ֮üĶһħ֡
Ҷ컷ܣһԲεĵعڵعΧȫһͨʯĴţвЩʯ߳һüĶšħ֡
˶䣬һüĶһħ֣Եޱȹ죬ͷƤ飬ëȻ
˻
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ˣҽ磬ĵӣȻȫ䡣
ʣҽ綼Ҫˡ
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˵üģҲһħ֣ǺΧһţ־塣
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źЦ£ˣһͷԱһˣһһȻüľͶħˣ˵䡣
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ɫҲѿҧȵұ죬Լڻû
Ƿһζ½ɴ˿ɼλСҲǳͻңԼ־塣
ⲻǣʱعڵˣźͿ־塣
ЩӵܣҲһɫѿء
Ҷȱ𼱣ֲֻһ䣬ʳ̫ӳ䣬ɡŴʳ˵ȵȣǵݣ϶нİ취Ūԭ˵
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źҧȥ£ʲô˵꣬ʹȺУҲˣϾʲô䣬ûк³ġ
عΨҶɣΪû䡣
ܿ죬źͻˣ˿ȥɫǳѿ
½æʵ֣ʲôϢ𣿡
źҡҡͷɫֻ֪䣬û֪ʲô䣬ңЩͭˣǱЩɱģǽͭ׺ʬ䣬תƵϡ


һǧ˰һʮ ӡ
ô˵ԺǺͭһҲΪ½źĻʱ
Ҷҡҡͷկүǻǲ־̫ˣǰϹһŽ֮Ϊ
źɢ޲Ű˽֮ȴܱ侲Ա½ǿˡ
ʱֻźүģĲֹǣȿЩӵ˵а취Ҳϣ
ԣԣҸһԾҡ½ˮˣסһݡ
ףƺʲôҲȥҶȻ˵ҳǰȺȥ
ʱȺһۡ
źæȥ
عܴ󣬵عʱ򣬿һͨһĽݣ˿˶ǰ
վڽǰĴʳ̫ӳ˵λǶѾ䣬ںڡġ¶ˣĲףһ·ߵף䵽ʲôҲҪס
һʳ̫ӣܴɫ侲һ˵ǰ棬˽ݡ
һϾмʮӰȥͳȥˡ
ȺУź𾪵찡˴ʳ̫ҲˣɵĴˣĴˣôǿߣȻҲûܵס䡣
Ҷ½ݣǰЩ˵з˲ϤϢΧҲһЩϤϢ
ȻЩˣǴԺˣ˽
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ҵΧɭɫĹ˸ռ䶼һĹâ
⣬ҵľͷڷλҲ֪ж١һɫТµˣЩλǰţޱȱˡ

Ĺһһˣ
ħĹϢû뵽

Ⱥ֮Уһ
ҶˣҲĿͶꡣ
䣡
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ӡܣˣ䣬ôĵӡһֱ㳯Űѹȥǿعڲ
״建վһ˫ĮĿ⣬˳ӰһѾڳǰһָǵ˳ġ
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ƺһ˵˼˵ذ塣
治ɫؿǰһȺˡ
ǿҶͫһأʵǳǿŷ޻ڶ٣ǻҪǿһЩ
ʳ̫ӳھŽ֮һУû뵽һָˡ
Ĺһӡܡ
Ȼʮ֮ʮ֮жڶġ

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ɫЩѿŰ꣬ߵΪһףδҵĶ֡
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ʱʮһǰվ˳ԱߣһĿ⣬ӡܡ
ӡܣȷǿôˣѷɣǹԹ˵Եʣǽİ취һ˵
ӡܿˣЦ죿̫ӣ
ңղ˵˵ǾŴʳ֮һʳ̫죬ųƽɼģҲʵΪҽ磬ܹͬǿߺ١
˵Ķԣҵȷ޷˿⣡ӡܿ죬ǸһĨЦݣǣǽ˵ġ
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ĸ֣ڳ˶ɫ䡣
ΪЩͭˣֻʣ´ı
Ȼ䱬֮󣬾³
һ˲䣬˶о־塣
ŭȵӡܣҪΪ֪ħĹ䣬ǲɱ㣿
ͬʱȴӵܣҲͳһӡܣһǿϢԶڳ֮¡
Ȼӡܵϲû¶һ˿һľ⣬ֻӡɺɫӶ漴üҲһħ֣˵ģȻһģһ
˼״ʱסˡ


һǧ˰һʮ ޽
ӡüĵǸħ֣ڳ˶ʱ𾪲ѣǱΪһжӡܲ߻ıû뵽ӡԼҲ䡣
𣿡
ӡ֮дŷĮؿųˣҧӡ汲䣬ӡսȥ֮ӡҵˣʹ䣬ˣڽ֮󣬾ͻ䱬Խ䣬ӡҲֻʣһˡ
˺Ȼ
üͷЩ𾪵ʵӡ˶ˣѵӡҵˣ磿
˶ʱӦˣǰǵ㵽Ǳӡֻʣӡһˣѵӡǰˣ磿
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ȻӡȴЦȰôôǳԵİ취ΪӡûԹ𣿡
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ΪһףⱾֵ˷ܵ飬Ǵȴɥ
Χˣ˿̶ǳĬˣÿ˵϶˾֮ɫ
䣬޽⣡


һǧ˰һʮ ֮
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һæʵ˼ǣ仹нİ취
аħ۾Ϳ԰ǽ䣬Ľ紫˵еĻ紫˵еۣǶܰǽ䡣ӡܹЦ
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ӡ֮ˣǰҲȥȥ˲ˣ·һӡЦԣҲŹųħĹϢˣǺһȥǶҽ֮µľӢʵǣǶģǸһħĹҵİղŴһЩȻҪЩᣬҲźˡ
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ӡƺԤϣԵú򶨣˵Ǳ˼ˣûӡָ·ǲܽħĹġңħĹΣأڣǲŻܿһЩΣգԼȥҲ·һ


һǧ˰һʮ ħ
ӡܵĻ˶һȻӡܱƵ·ǻɱӡйߡ
ЩӵܣȵȣҲһѿǸоԼ˱ӡŪڹ֮Уʵ̫˲ˬˡ
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ʱһѿ֮ɫҧˣҴʳѲΪ԰ӡܴȥʳ𣿡
в𣿡ЦоŴʳˣɵˣĴˣҽǴʳеΪ𣿡
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սŵʱӡܿ˵ˣ˵ģȥʳ۶ϰɣǷģʳҵģֲɱң̽ңǱҲ䣬û˿Աҿڡ
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ŹظҶԺС
һǻ֮ӡǴģһӡǴģҷǳ
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Էӡһ䣬䣬£ԷأӡһȫΪá
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ִٱǺ϶ǰʳĵ۶


һǧ˰һʮ 
ʳĵ۶ΰ׳ۣӴ̶ȣȴĳǶҪ˲֪ٱֱһȻ߼ʣ˹֮𺳲ѡ
ķǳأ½ǿ϶һ
ڣ䣬ﻹ˼档
˲Լͬ˼ҿջס£رš
½źȥѹΪˣǷʮ֮磬ѹΪĻûнħĹҪˡ
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ͬʱžԨе˳ϢҲҽ硣
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һЩǰûнռͨˣ˿Ҳѡ
ҲźΪû䣬ҲûʸħĹ֮Ŀ£֪˭ȥ
Ȼ緢ʲô飬Ҷ춼شչ
ڡ͡ħӡɹ֮Ҷ㿪ʼעǰֲˡħ֮У䡣
һɫġħ֣ʱҶüġ
ȻҶ͹˻֮ӡǺӡǵĿ£ɫġħָո¶ɫġġ֣ɫġֱۡ뷢ħѹȥȫĻᣬ֮Ӳĥ
Ҷһ㶣ûüʩչ͡ħӡӡǾԼְ䡣
Ҷ첻ɵЦΪϾˣ㲻ΪҲڿĻҪ˶ñִܵʮ֮磬ʱáߡħӡǾƽΪ
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壬ЩֻԼļˣζ˲£ǼǵĻڹؼʱ̣Է϶ƫǼˣǾͳڻҡ
ź˵Ҳһɺ⣬ǾѪ¹ɺѪħڣÿγֻһˣԼ£ǲƫ̻˭ǹƽѪħڵ̫аǵĴ˸ĺԣҾǼѪ¹ɴá


һǧ˰ٶʮ Ѫ´
Ŷźķ½˶˵ͷúе
ҶʵѪ¹ɺأ֪һĴ˭ʵΣ
źԿЦҲ˵ǺأһĴһŮӣ£һѪɫߣֻ֪Ϊʮ֮ʵǿ󣬳֮⣬֪ʲôʲôӶû˼
ʵ֮Ŵʳ̫Σʵ
źûдԺѵ֪Ŵʳ̫ʵҲһģеǿеñȽϡǴÿһѪ¹ɵĴˣʵ֮һģΨɺĴˣԼŴʳ̫ӿ֮⡣
ʵҲ㹻ǵͷˣѪ¹ɵƺҲûʲô¡ͷ˵
ź˵ҲѡѪ¹ɵԭɶǱչÿֻһλˣλ˳ĿľΪ˻ɱѪħڵĴˣ֮⣬κ飬Ӧò
ҶѵôǾûй𣿡
źЦȻУħ۾ͺǽҪѪ¹ɣѪ¹ɵʵɲ⣬ħ۶ǳɵħ۷Ѫ¹ɡдԣħѪ¹ҽǿߡȻǴԽǸҲðѪ¹ɣѪ¹Ǳޣ͸κᣬԸȻҲѪ¹ɵĴˡ
ǾѡѪ¹ɴ˰ɣҶҲǳ档½Ц
ھȥ֪סź˵꣬ǰ·
۶ֵϣȺӿ֣ǿߵӰҶ̸ħĹϢ
źǣһĸۡǰ
̧ͷȥдѪ¶졣
û뵽Ѫ¹۶Ҳиۡ½˵
źЦÿʳĵ۶иۡҲǸʳ£ǰˣѪ¹ɴֻҪ۶סڴ˵ء
ףͶѪ¹ɵƺడǰĸۡʱڸۡǰۼ˼ˣҪ֪ϴھԨмʮ䰡
ڸʳ̫£ɴˣٵҲмǧˣɺĴˣҲˡ
Ѫ¹ɴʵôֻôͶ
ǰȥ
źһӴλ磬ôֻЩͶѪ¹ɣǰ˵ѪħڴѾмǧˡ
ԿЦҲ֪ʲôһѪ¹ɴ˺Ѫħڴ˶ŮӣѪ¹ɵĴ˴Ѫɫߣݣ֪ΡѪħڵĴˣȴһѩ񣬷־ᶨҲѡͶ
ʲô־ᶨǱ߲ʮ֮µˣȥˡԱߵһƤ׷ͷƲ
Ӷʱߺ졣
ź
½Ŀɿڴѩ񡭡˵Ѫħڴˣô˵Ѫħڴ˸ĺħŵ˻Ҫħ
ɣħˡ˵
ڴʱѪ¶ſһ£ѪɫߵŮӣ˫֣˳
ˣ
Ѫ¹ɴ˳ˣ

˶ʱǰȥ
ҶҲ⡣
Ѫ¹ɴɨһۣΪѪɫߣҲı飬ֻ˵ߣذ£ΣգһᾡȣԼȥ˱ˣôǳ֡ħĹеĻԵǸƾᡣ
˶飬ǶԼʵôȥǱˣͶѪ¹ɴˣҲֻǵı۸ǰˡ
Ѫ¹ɴ漴ָ˵ԺС㱨ûʲô£Ҫҡɣ
˵꣬Ѫ¹ɴ˱תȥˡ
˿˿ַʮ֮ʵǿҲûʲô¶ı顣
˵ļˣֻһЩ˽֮;Ž֮ûһʮ֮
ҽǿΪ𣬷ʵǿΪǵĹߣҲǺġ
½Եúܸˣ㣬û뵽Ѫ¹ɴ˻ѡΪˡ
ҲЩ⡣
ź̾Щʮ֮Ϊ֣ѾˣֻбСǿѡѡ˭
ֵʵ֮ϰЦ
½Ҷ죬˵ͷǰΪҶʵڷ֮ϣҶҲʮ֮ټϵ߲ġħ塷ʵȻڷ֮ϡ
֪Ҷѡħ塷ڰ˲ˡ
Ѫ¹ɴŮӣȻƫС㡣źЦ
Ҳص˵ͷ漴һѪ¶츮ۡ


һǧ˰ٶʮ 
۶Ѫ¥
Ѫ¥ҽǿɱ֯¥鲼ҽСǳأרŴһЩɱ˵ĹֻҪǮǾͰɱˡ
Ȼô֮֯ԴڣŴʳ̣ΪǱվѪħڣѪ¥Ѫħڵһλ
һѪħڴˣסڵ۶Ѫ¥֮С
ʱѪ¥֮Ѿۼ˲ˣǶͶѪħڴ˵ġЩ˵УҪͶѪħڴ˵ģҲһЩ̰Ѫħڴ˵֮ò
ǲΣѪħڴµ˶ڣԺ;Ŵʳ̫ӱȼ硣
Ҫ֪Ŵʳ˺ܴıǮֱǲʮ֮Ž֮䣬Աǵ̫սħĹ
ǻʳһ仰
ЩɣʵȾŴʳҲֱԼµȥֿµ䣬ǼֱҪǸôɶѡ
ԣξŴʳ̫࣬ÿ˶һˣȻѪħڴˣȻЩɺĴˡ

Ѫ¥ڣһѪħڴһѩϣվһῡܣȫʮ֮һǵеʮ֮Ϣڷ֮ϣȻҽɵľӢӡ
ŵŵţڴʱһŽ֮Ӵӵ˽һȵؿϷѪħڴˣ˵ӣǵõϢһʮѡͶѪ¹ɴˣʮ֮ˣһһŮҶǴӵܣԻħɽʮկ
ٶࣿ
Ѫ¹ɵĴˣôôͶ
Щ꣬Ѫ¹ԽѪħˣҿһӮˡ

һῡԣʱЦһ֮ɫ
ȻѡͶѪħڴˣǵȻվѪħߡ
ȻҲڰϣǿǲڮѪ¹ɴ˵ġ
Ǻǣ
˿̣ϵѪħڴ·ȻһЦ¶ݣ欵վһ˫ˮ۾͸ŹǵĹâôһῡĿȣ
μ棬ҪһλѪ¹ɵĽ㣬֪λԸһˣ·Ǻ촽ȻǸòҼ崿ʣʱõῡ˫ȡ
䣡
ͬʱڵῡȫվ˳Ҫȡ
·Ǽ״¶һ˿֮ɫ漴̧ϸָѡȺһˣ˵Ӣӣͷһ˿ɷ񣿡
Ӣʱǰһ棬ǵɨΧһۣ漴·Ǳȭģĳ֤񡣡
Χ˶һĽʺ޵ص
ӣΪѪ¹ɽ׼򿪡ˣҲλʮկá·УһжʱɳӢϡ
Ӣ˵ͷ˷ܵش뿪˴
ߺ󣬵ڶʱ˲ӣҵʵһ붼ԶӢΪѡѡǣ
ס죬ӵľϣɵġԱ˺ǳҲ˲֮ɫȻҲǲˬӢ
·ǻӵˣĿתӨ͸ЦλˣȻ֪ӢʵǵֻΣʮկɢޣѵҾλеǿǰȥ̫۸ˣҵѪ¹ɵĽء
һʱȻ
ҲԣʮկķҲǳ֡
ʮկһȺɽ˶ѣϲ̨ϣҲ۵
ϧ۶ɱˣȻϾȥǡ
òżȽħĹ֮ȥɱҲ١

˶һм
ʱӢѾѪ¶ǰ
ѪӢǰݷѪ¹ɴˣӢһУһֱĸߴģӢһϢվʱΧ·ˡ
ţѪ¶ſվŽ֮ҲʶӢǶһۣ߲ƣһ˶ʱת˽ȥ
ӢҲ⣬Уſڡ
ףǲѪŵĴӢȥͶѪħڵĴˣΪǰݷѪ¹ɵĴˣ
߲ơ
ֿˡ

ΧȺ۷׷ס
ʱ½Ӹۡ˳Ӣһʮ֮ϢȻЩɵǿߵӢȥɣǼڱչأܼһпˡ
Ӣͫһ漴һӴϢϱ½ѹȹ
ʲôһССľŽ֮Ҳڱǰʮ֮
Ӣȵ


һǧ˰ٶʮ Ҷ
Ӣʵͱһʮ֮ǿ࣬һЯǿƣټѹʱ½٣ӵɫһɷס
ߣϣӢм֮ɫ
½ɫǺ죬г˷ŭȭͷÿ֨졣
Ӣ״ԼôҪҶ֣ԶɣҳֵʸûУҵ֡
½˫Ŀҧгݣһһ˵㣡ȣţ
Ӣȵǿƣ½վסˣ߶ʱܻظۡ
ӢһЦ֮ɫ
ΧˣڲԶعţȴϷ
һ½ŷжźˡ
󻹸ʮŽ֮ͶѪ¹ɴ˵ɢޡ
һ˿ӢʱյߣСģ˽ӢѪŵˣһʵ֮ͬке֣ҲֻЩɴ˲ѹһ
ѪţɻҽСɺǿɣһŲ֪
Ա߶ʱ˽͵ѪҽȻֻһɣҲưһƲ
Աߵ½ʱȻһɣȻɱկǿˣѹ˶ʮկˣʵʮկʵ̫ˡ
ҲɫԷǿĴˣʵ϶Ҳ
£ǰȥӢȭӺҼӵȷڱչ˴ţ´ɡ
ӢĿһɨʱŵϣΪڳˣҲֻзһʮ֮ҿѪ¶ˡ
ǣӢЦȻѪ¹ɴڱչأǱҲţ·Ҵһ˵͸Ѫ¹ɴˣȥɡ
˵գӢеУؿ
һݣǰ׳գԷ˵ģݸȥãô
ڳ˶ǰ׳գһתӢն˼ⲻ
ֻ½ûгĴүΪӢֻģǰȥ׼ӢеС
Сģһæȵ
ϧѾˡ
ֻӢһǿƳȥʱ½Ѫɣ˶ڵϣƲء
Զ˾ҡͷ̫ˡ
ʲôһ߷½һ߳Ӣŭȵ½˵ĺأжʱŭڡ
侲㣡źһѵѾӢ˵Ŀģһ仰Ǿġ
Ȼô侲˵½ӢشΪѪ¶ˣͷڹ꣬Ц󷽣
Ǻǣʲôҵϧûߣֵ˭ҿһǴȥɣǳܲˡ
ӢЦоǳ֮ɫ
ŭһãҾһѪʲô¡˵գѾ˳ȥʮ֮ǿϢϯ˻ġ
ͬʮ֮ʵ̫ˣ治ǻħɽɽˮ߳ķӢͬǿƣұȷĻҪǿ󣬽ѹԵѹ˷ú߽ڽڰˡ
Ӣһֻ֣Ͱѷһƺɣúߺݺݵˤڸۡ棬дšѪ¶족ĸֵ
ʱҶӸۡ߳һֽסңָһ¹ȥ
ңҶһֻֽס
û°ɣҶ
ҧݺݵصŲԶֺһӢҶ壬֪ʵǿѹˡ
Ҷ쿴˿ԶɫҰ׵½ٿԶưӢʱԷ˵ͷ˵ã
ΪѪ¶һԱΪկĿ䣬Ҷ춼Ҫ֡
ӢŷԱߵҶ죬΢΢һϵİҲ࣬˼û뵽ʮկСطҲǿߣ֪մ
ȻҶûг֣ΪǿߣӢܹԸܵԷ̺ǿϢ
壬կ䣡ҶؿӢ漴ָԱ߱ź½կĴүȻô׼̧Żȥɡ
õ

ӢŭЦ壬ҵҪʲô£ڱǰԲѡ
˵ͬʱӢһֶֻʱѪɫ·ѪȾһĽΣЯſֲɷҶɱ
СģֻѪֺܿ£ղžǱԷһֻѪѹˣѪŸȡ֣ɴ˿ɼԷŵѪжô¡
ȻҶһֱֻ󣬳ǰ̤·ͥɢһûӢ£̧һֻƣͳӢѪӭ˹ȥ


һǧ˰ٶʮ ȡ
ѣҶҲû˿ı䣬ƵӭӢ·ûӢ
⣡ɫһ䣬ҶЩ̫дˡ
Ѫ¶ߵɢޣҲɫѿ·ѾҶ챯ߵ³ˡ
ΧȺҡͷ̾Ϣ
Ѫŵһ˫Ѫһ£ͽֺ˾ӢӲӲֱ
ҿֻҪӢѪֻŧѪˡ
ϾǴӻħɽСطˣûʲôʶ

Χ˵½ź˶ʱǡ
һжڵʯ֮䣬ҪٴѣѾˡ
У˵Ѿһ𣬷졣
Сӣ㾹ҵѪӲӲӲòӢһ̵ЦݣѪַɫ˳ֱۣҶ˶档
Χ˾ӢҪҶ˻ŧѪһ屻ݻ٣㲻Ҳˡ
ȻڴʱһźɫħӰӺɫѪ֮г˳ͬһħһƾͰӢɳȥ
ۣ
ӢͫѪɣ˵ڵϣˤԶޱȵǱ
ֻѪֱ֣ӷ飬첲Ϊޡ
ôܣ
Ӣ̧ͷžʹŵؿǰǵɫӰǸߴӰħһ㣬޴ѹȸС
ҶһֻȻһֻѾõӢУɫĮ䣺ɣ
Ӣɫһ죬漴߳ŭһҶ졣
壬ղҴˡӢŭȵʣѪ֣צ˺գźХضˡ
ıʮʮĹŭƥ
ȻӢƴˡ
һУҶǰԵòһһָ㶴ӢѪ֣ݿһ㣬Ŷᴩˡ
ͣ
ӢһֱҲˣ˶ѪȾˣݺݵˤڵϣ
Χ۵Ŀɿڴ֮ɫ
ӦҶ֮ǰǾ仰㱻̧ųȥ
˵µ߽֮Ⱥ˳̧˵ӢϾʹȺʧˡ
Ѫ¥ˣ
ѪħڿǶˣǰɣ
ô˵ȻʵЩϣѪħڴ»ῡܣлжɣһɵĴˣǿǱӢǿˣһδؿӦ

˶ۣû뿪ΪõϢԽԽ
ȻǶ֪Ѫħ˸ͷ϶һ
ⲻҶ콫нվſڵš
֣ҪҪ֪ͨѪ¹ɴˣӹУһĵ˵Էɳһˣôǿ˭֪ʲôǿ߻
ǰȥ֪ͨѪ¹ɵĴ˰ɣ˵ҲҪԱߵĶźҲ˵
Ҷҡҡͷڵ˫ޱȵ䡣ǰĽֵͳΪۡǰô飬Ѫ¹ɵĴ˻᲻֪𣿡
΢΢һ㶡
źȻǰʵ֪ˣûгֻ뿴ǷֵøһӢˣôԣʲôã˭ɵôһ׸
ɶ񣡡½ҧһȭԱߵǽڡ
Ҷ쵭˵ܹƽҪǵֵЩǿߣôЩߣȻ鷳
ߡԣЦԷɳһߣȴܹɵػ
ź֪֮û̫⣬䣬ȥħĹԵһɢޣҪʵûʵҪûйôܺЩɴ˱Ƚϣ
½ɫկ뿪ʱҪҽһԼţʱôţѾˣֻЩʰˡ
½ҰģҪħĹлûԵȻЩŲڽ£ҽ硣
ˣ
Ȼ۾һУɫޱصؿԶȺ
ԶһȺڹ˿ȴͻȻÿһ·ΧѻȸһߴӰ·л
Ҷ΢΢Щȣ˵ĳʵ̫ˣȻһǺɫģһǰɫģüָң·Ҳˣһһף
źˣʱɫ䣬ԱѵСģ˽ǶħŴˣǸӢǿˣҽһʵŵǰ


һǧ˰ٶʮ ʹ
ǰ
½˵һҽ콾ܹŵһڣǶǾӢеľӢ
ȻŵǰѾվ۷һˡ
½ɵúʵ֣ǰǸӢļһܹŵ
źԳҲӦǧ⣬ΪŴʳͬƶǧһֻ¼ǿǧˣ⵱вûӢĴڣȴеٶ
½ͬʮ֮Ҳ̫˰ɡ
źЦʮկʮλȴƵ˻ħɽطӢڵѪţֻλȴܹھŴʳڣΪʲô
Ϊʲô½ʵܲĵطѵʮկʮλѪλ
źΪѪȻֻмλĹǳǿͬѪŵһȴܹ׻ɱʮկʮկʮλвѪŵһλ
ܣʮλôܴ򲻹һͬľ磬ôô󣿡½Щŵ˵Ĵ̫ˡ
źҡҡͷ漴ʵүðһ䣬и˵˶𣿡
½һһܣһǲ߱Լ˶Щģ˵ҲӦһϡ
źȻ֪½˵ѣҲ⣬˵֮ʮܹʮ֮磬˳Ļˣʮϡǣʮһһٶһ𣿡
һ½ҡҡͷʮʵҲ̫
ź漴̾ͶˣֻһٶѪŵʵһٶǿһǧ
˻½һ𾪺ͲţǵôôߣÿһҪȥҵô꣬ҲֻһٶѪŵѵҵʱ仹ҪĶࣿ
Ǻǣ෴Ѫŵûʱ䳤źҡͷЦ
ôܣ½һ㶡
һԵķ˽ⲻ٣˵˵֮ڽʱ򣬻ʹͣʹͱʹж٣ͿĻôι̣֮ʱʵжôǿʮ֮ڽʱܹʹͼʮͶˡ˵Ŵʳ̫ӣڽʱٱʹһǧ
Բۣ½Ŀɿڴ⻹ôȣϵ£ҲһٶŴʳ̫ӽǸոսֱһǧ˲ɱϵֲ̫˰ɡ
źһЦǹԵʣĹԽǿʮ֮ʱԽǿ󣬵ʱʹ͵Խࡣɢޣҽʱ򣬱ʹʮˡ
˵źԶѾŹȥҶ죬˵ġħ塷ܹʮ㣬ʱԴ˹磬ͻᱻʹһǧŴʳ̫ӱȼ硣
½۾һͻ˻֪ħ塷жôһ˲䣬ЩĶˣҪħ塷
һλ½һˮ˵ϧħ⣬ġħ塷ֻǰŲ㣬ֹ硣ңԽѶԽ󣬾ġħ塷Ҳ޷硣
½Ҳԣ̾˿
ϣԺܹħŰɣʮկԺ˵ҲܶһɽŲԶҶ죬΢΢Ц
½ʵֵġħ塷˵߲㣬֪ܴܲù
źӦôùɣħ塷֮һȫġħ塷ֱ߾磬̺ŽǿߵĹ͡ħ塷ȾͲˡ
ǾĿԴɣЦ

ԶҶ챳˫֣ŶĹ˵ѲѪħڵĴҪ
˫ڰײͬ۾Ҷ죺ǿ壬һģӢǼһܸ㣬òԩ
Ҷ΢΢һǰ˲ܹҽһŵǰͱӢǿˡ


һǧ˰ٶʮ ϣ
Ѫ¶츮ۡǰҶ͹ţΧһȺڹ
ڸԶĵطһЩˣһЩ¥ңŴ˵ء
ϾѪ¹ɴ˺Ѫħڴ˵棬ɵĽ棬һֱҽܹע飬ԹҲͶˡ
Ѫ¹ɺѪħڵĴ˲ûڽҲ˺棬˭ʤһ
ûмǴĻһƺѪħڵĴ˸ʤһһѪ¹ɵĴˣ֪һΣ˭ǿ
ӦѪ¹ɰɣôɽ棬Ѫ¹Ӯ٣ѪħڱϾֻǴѪ¹ɷѳȥģȲѪ¹ɵ̻񡣡
Ǻǣɶô꣬Ҳһ׮ˡ

ϢĴȥԽԽڹע
ŴʳɣĴˣ̽
Ѫ¶츮ۡǰҶ͹ˣΪ˹עĽ㡣
ǰҶ죬Ѿóһһѽ͹һһһף͸ǿĽ⣬ڲ
Ⱥ˾ûд򣬹óˣѵСôǿ
ǰҿ˵ˣֻڵ콾ܱƵùóҲ˸͵
˭ܸӣСӵǺηʥħɽطôóţ˽е
û˻شΪ˵Ŀ⣬˲ԶҶ͹ϡ
˵Ϣڲϵţжһɷ籩
ûɣ𣿡Ҷ쿴ŶĹЦ
˵ҪʹôڣҿɲӢְ׳ա
ˬ죡ҶЦЦĿЩ͡
ɫصؾ˵ѽȻֻǸ߼ҾѪҹѾΪһ壬ȼƷ
ܹܵѽ̺ĿֲҶ˵ͷȻ˫֣ɫжȻ
üͷǿҵţҲҾһı¡
Ҳ֪һģҵҵҶУǹͭɫƤ˲һƬǿϢΧĿռ䶼Ť
ǿɫһҶֻ֣ܵΣپᣬһݺݵشҶ죬Ȼȳ֡
ȻҶѹ̫ˣòȳ֡
䣡ԹĹҶһֱֻ󣬽һֻƳǰѹȥ
ڵƣħ죬ѹ硣
ܵ˾޴ѹɫ䣬æȫ߶ʹе۵Ĺâһ޴̷˳գҶײһ
Ȼֻһֻ֣Ϊ˭ǾŴʳ̫𣿡
̫ԴˣԹȻҲֻһֻ֡
Сط߳ˣʶ̫

Χ۵˲ǹǲ֪ٵѹֻҶûóһֻһֻƣֱǶԹӡ
ȻһĻȴĿɿڴ
ֻǾ޴̣Ҷڵɷ飬Ʋץס˹ץС
䣡
־ŭһȫսױĽϱȥеҲĽ⣬̹ſٵһƲ񷡣
¡¡
Ҷȫħڣ䣬ɫѹסùá
۹Ҷѹסˡ
ΧѾѻȸ𾪲ѣһһǱҶչֳʵˡ
죡ħԣ壡
۾Ҷ죬һһ˵
ڣϲŹҲͰϹɴ˵ˡ
Ҷ˵ͷҲûΣϾսкܶ࣬Ҳβˡ
ΧԣٶˣȻǡħ塷ʵǳǵ֮⡣
ѵħŵĵӣ˻Ȼ
׳գħŵĴ˾ڵ۶ҪħŵĵӣôͶѪ¹ɴˡ
ߣû׼˼ϲѪ¹ɵĴء
ܹѹٵǵ߲ġħɡʵħŵ洫ˡ

ۡ
ӽҶ죬ɫħŵĵӣ壿ôû˵
ҲħŵĵӣֻһɢޡҶҡҡͷ漴ħһƾͰѹɳȥ
ûм֣Ҷ죬ǵ߲ġħ塷û뵽һˣȻ԰ѡħ塷ֵزҲĶ֣бҸСĵɡ
˵꣬ת뿪ˡ


һǧ˰ʮ £
һս̫ˣ˵ϣֱͷβȻȴܲѣڳˣˡ
֣ʱ˵۶֪
һɢޣȻħ塷˵߲㣬ֱţҽʷϣҲûгֹ
Ϊħ塷ǰŲĹ鲼ҽ磬ϸﶼأڡħ塷е츳ˣᱻȥħŲμӿˣΪħŵĵӡ
ҶĬĬɢޣħ塷˵߲㣬ֱܡ
ʣҶˣϧõ֣֪Ժҽ磬кθ롣

Ѫ¥
֮УѪħڴ·ǣһῡܣڵȴŹ
ȻվȺеӢҲΪ˳ЦĶɫǺ죬һȻ
ôˣҲû˰ɣ˵
һɢ޶ѣҲ۸һӢذɡЦ
ӢʱǹȻзŭǿ˵˻ˣͲҶˣæͷΪԶҪǿĶࡣ
ǰٵԸһССɢޣûжðɡЦ˵Թš
Ϸ·ǣҲͷ΢ЦҺܷġ
СӼ˸ˡ
˼״ЩĽͼʡ
Ȼڴʱ߽˴
˵Ŀ⣬ʱڹϣĽмʵġ
·ǿ߽Ĺ崿ϣ¶õЦݣ֣ζлˡ
һ㶣漴Χ˵񣬶ʱȻ򣬲ɵһЦӣǸʧˡ
·һ㶡
ΧҲһ
ȺУӢҲ˼飬Ҷǿôܴù
֣㡭ʲô˼·ǷӦˣЩȷ
̾ӣǸɢ޺ħ塷˵߲㣬һֱֻ㽫Ҹѹˡ
˻ڶʱһƬ
·Ҳɫ΢΢һ䣬̶ȵ߲㣿ȷɢޣħŵĵӣ
Ҳɻһɢôܰѡħ塷߲㣬Ҳ̫˼˰ɡ
ͷȷɢޣԼϵģӦòĵ˵Ѱɡ
˼·ԣ棬Щչһ½һͷںڵĳ趯ƮɢǰԵޱȵջ
߲ġħ塷ҼǵһħŵĴˣҲͰѡħ塷˵ھŲɣţҪǱħص»ֱӳΪ䴫˰ɡ
·ЦֻĿЩ䵭
ڣһƬĬ
ˣǵУȹǿҲָﻹ˵
˵Ŀ⣬Լͬؿվǰļˡ
Σһɫ۵˳ɫȻ˵ȥһ˰ɣħ塷ųҽǿ幦һˣ֪ķǿҵĹǿ
˵꣬˳ȥ
˽𾪲ѡ
Ȼˣ
ǰʮľţû뵽Գ֡
Ҷȥսˣ

۶һڰĹ
ɫս۵ħŴһƬڰ֮Уǰʦܣ΢΢¶һĨ֮ɫ˵һɢްѡħ塷˵߲㡣
ʦ֣ܹһֻ־ѹס˹ǰѡħ塷˵߲㡣ʦܹҲǽħ塷˵߲㣬ܹ϶
˭ûħŴǷһ˿м֮ɫ
ʦ֣ǶħŵĴˣǧǰʦæ͵
ȤһɢޣȻħŵġħ塷˵߲㣬Ҫһֱħħǰ̵ǿԳԽңħŴһЦ֮ɫ
ʦ˵Цˣôܱȵϴʦ
ȥɣѪħڴ˲ưոݵģҵҪܹߵһܹŵѪħڴ˳֣ҲʦŽչ¡
ħŴ˵

һɢ޾Ȼħ塷˵߲㣬Ȥ̫Ȥˡ
²֪ħŴ˻θ롣
ţȻħŸ©ˣû뵽ħҲʱ򰡡
Ҳȥ̫˼ˣþûˡ

Ŵʳ̫ӣɵĴˣĴˣڵõϢ֮Ҳ¶˺֮ɫ
ֱǰѪ¶ģҲ˼̽ġ
֣֮һӴ۶


һǧ˰ʮһ 
Ѫ¶츮ۡǰ
Ҷ˻һˣЦ˵ȥɣǸðｻѪ¹ɴˡ
ŻعԾ
ź֣ص̫ˣû뵽߲ġħ塷ôǰôûзְ
Ҷ쵭ЦǰҵΪֻǰ˽֮޷ħ塷ȫӳҵΪѾʮ֮ˡ
ѹ֣źʱȻ
½һ磬Ҳˡħ塷һֱڵ㣬޷Ĳ㣬пָһҰ
ǰЩҶ죬ȴˡ
ңֲǰ׳գ֪ҶԺĳɾͻԶ֮ϡ
ԣƺıˣֱӽС硱ˡ
ү⡶ħ塷ҲֻԼ̵ҲᣬҪĻҿ԰ҵĵø㣬ȷҪŲȱĹ滨ʱ䣿ҶЦſ½
Աߵķʱȵ㲻Ҫˣħ塷ҲһŲȱĹ츳Ҳȥħţֹֻ˷ʱ䣬һҲˡ
Ц㣬ҾͿЦѡ½ԣæ֡
˵Ķԣħ塷ǿҲ޷ɲԶ֮硣
˺ܿѪ¹ɴ˾סĵط
Ѫ¹ɴƺԤϣѾڴ֮У˽Է˵ͷ漴ǰҶ죬ڵӶʱųҵĹâ
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ź½ѹƵȫ޷˽Ȼ
Ҳ亹εΣһθܵѪ¹ɴ˵ʵжʱκˡ
Ѿǿˣû뵽Ѫ¹ɵĴô
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ѹÿ죬ߵҲ졣
ѹʧ󣬷˶˿ǱѾһƬˮ
ĺܲѪ¹ɴ͵ص˵ͷ漴ػ˻֣һƬԭʯ㳯Ҷ˷
ǸǵʹͣѪ¹ɴ˵
Ҷֽ£һ󣬶ʱݣԷʹ͸ĻԭʯȻһ顣
Ҳֱ̫ˡ
Ѫ¹ô
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ԭʯˣ£˵Ҷˣ˶𶯲ѡ
źɢ޸Цúϲ£졣
½ûж⣬иϵԭʯ
ҶЩѾֻʣһǧԭʯˣʡԼãڶһԭʯôܲģ
ӣѪħڴ͸ʱеݸѪ¹ɴˡ
źѵӣԷ߲ƣҿթСĵ㡣
Ѫ¹ɴ˽סУ˵˼Ҷˣǲҽ£Ц
δ䣬Ѫ¹ɴ˶ʱС
䣡ͻȻһѪɫ֮гӴƾ춯أһ쫷磬˷ϯ
СģҶһȫ߶ħ塷ħ죬˷ħ
ˣҲͻƺɳȥ
ֻǰУһѪɫġɱַ˳ѪɣЯޱߵɷǰѪ¹ɴѹȥ
ҶɫޱأѪɫɱǰܵ˾޴ѹ
ȻѪ¹ɴ˷ǳ򶨣һָգڰдһɫġֱ֣ӾͰѪɫġɱѹȥǽ䳹׷顣
ɫġ֣âҲһЩ
䣡Ѫ¹ɴ˼״ٶһָһ㡣ʱɫġ֣貵Ĺâӡ֮С
йرգڶʱָƽ
Ѫ¹ɴ˽жҶ죬˵͸ѪħڴˣǰõҿԴӦһҪ󡣡
Ҷԣһ𣬲ɵѿʵҪһԭʯѵҲˣ
ԣѪ¹ɴ˵˵ޱȿ϶
ҶʱĿɿڴ
Ƭ̣Ҷſ˵һԭʯˣҪħ塷Ĺ֪ûУ
Ѫ¹ɴЩֵؿһҶ죬˵ڡħ塷츳ħŻΪͽֺαҪħ塷ȫ
ҲħţҶ쵭˵
Ѫ¹ɴһ㶣漴ĬãŻͷãҸȫġħ塷
Ҷޱ𾪣Ҳֻһԣû뵽һȫġħ塷Ѫ¹δҲ̫˰ɣ
ѹֵħ۶޷ɡ


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õѪ¹ɴ˵Ŀ϶ҶʱЦݣУȥ
˶ʱӭǶЩǱȴûˣΪҶ췽ŵǰ
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Ҷ쵭Цҵཻһֺ֮ͣα⡣
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½ҲЩңγҶ䣬ܼҵľټ
ҶеУѯʵⲻѪħڴôˣ
ҶЦ˵Ѿˣ汻װҷ͸Ѫħڴˡ
ˣ½ûûεЦ
źȴɫأѵ֣Ǳ߿̶ѨСĵ㡣
ѪħڴмǧˣбȹǿҲв٣㲻ҪˡҲѵ
ûϵһСĵġҶ˵ͷ漴߳ۡ
˿Ҷ̬˼ᶨֻ̾˿ȥ
ʱѪ¶⻹ΧһȺˣҶ˳ʱ۷׷
Ҷûǣжźǰ·ֱӳѪ¥ȥ
һ㶣漴ͷӦˣ׷׸ȥ
ȥѪ¥
һҪȥѪ¥
Ѫħڴ˼ȻѪ¹ɴȻҲ󡣡

ܹ֮ˣǰ׳գ˲ͲµҶĿĵء
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ϢҲԼٶȣ۶
Ѫ¥һɫ۵ո߳ӵһѪ¥ӴϢ㶣漴ɹȻʧЦһˡ
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Ѫ¥һЩῡܵõϢҲ˹׼ս
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ˣΧˣȴûһΪú

ڴһ֣У˻ǧǰʮĳŰ
һڱɵķɵһ˾ͻû⡣Ϊֹֻһ˵סķɵǸ˱ǰԵĴնЦǧǰʮ

۷׷ס
ҶҲȻǿ
Ͼ̫Զˣһס
ҶҲΧ˵ɫȻ򶨣Ŀ͵Ц⣬ŲԶ˵ӵûбȡǱˡ
Ҷ죬ͻȻ»ʶңҵķɵһҪɱˣģҲɱ㡣
ƽ·ɱҶ죬һʩᡣ
ҶƤһ侲ҲӶԷĻ֮˽Դ֮ͽһģһֻǱȰѡ
뵽Ҷ̾˿ҡҡͷ˵ⱲӼкܶ࣬Žǰ
û˿ŭ˵ûʵ˲Żʵ˽ţңںߡ
ϻ˵𣿡Ҷʵ÷ϻˡ
һ㶣⻹ǵһ˸ô˵вɵһɷŭܿͱѹȥϾô˿ţҪֳԼСһ档
£̾˿˵ȻҪұȫ㡣
˵꣬Ҷ죬ĿԽˣְɣһֵĻᶼûˡ
Ҷʱؿϻĺܶ࣬ǰû˸ô˵𣿡
ΧˣʱȻЦЩҪסȴ̿
һЩӵܣҲɵݸһЦ
ֻоðɣ̲סˣһǿѹˡضҶ죬ûмϻǴ߶ڵıɵͷϿնʱ۳һƥĵ⡣
ݣ
ɵ֡
һѹâ貵СȻСȴ޵еĵ⣬ӿȵһӣϯ
Ҷʱܵ˾޴ѹ²Σֱӽڰ˲ġħ塷߶ʩչ
ӡһʱźɫΣıɵס


һǧ˰ʮ ʽɵ
ƾҲסҵķɵѰ·ɫסԼıɵɫһ䣬ŭЦӿȵĵ⣬͵³һµĵâ˺Ѳ񷣬նɫΣɱҶ졣
ȻʱѷɵЯҲ˺ܶ࣬Ҷȫ߶ڰ˲㡶ħ塷󣬽һȭ㽫ˡ
䣡
Ҷóڽŵޱߵħעȥµϯ˻ģһɳĵֱ˺ء
ŷɵ֮ʱҶ߾ٺڽŵ͵۳ɺӣͬӵҲ񷣬
ߣ
治ɫһ˻ΪǧӰӭϡ
϶ӰҶΧסÿӰ˱ɵǧֱƲ񷣬ƣ¡
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һɵЯƥܣҶûС
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Ѫ¥֮ϣһЩսῡЦ
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ķɵֻУһСɵѾԺͬ׵ˣڶСǧ١ǧǰһٵҲѵֵڵСΨҶ𡯿ֻǰʮ˲ܵס

δ䣬һ쳹ס
أ
Ҷȵ
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۶΢΢һЩķɵȫ˰УͣͲǰ
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ͬʱҶ˲ӶĸħӰ˹Ҷһȭݺݵ
䣡
ܽ߾ȫֵȻסһȭҶɳȥҵѪ磬ɫɷס
ҶվڳУħӰأģȻҶһģһֻȫħ죬޵С
ڰ˲ġħ塷
Բۣûп۰ɣȻѡħ塷˵ڰ˲㡣
̫˼ˣħŵһУܹѡħ塷ڰ˲ˣҲָɡ
Ҽǵãֻ˻һҪǽħţ׵һ˰

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ħŴϢҲ޷ˣ̶ǰѪ¥
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ã˵ͷɫʱ˶ͷϿյķɵΪһ壬ĵХ
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ûʲôҲûʲô𺳣֮䣬ֻʣһ񵶡
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һ̣ҶܵǿҵΣæʩչΧĿռٶȷ
ȻһΣûжס񵶣Էɱ
䣡ҶӶڽŵȫ߶ڰ˲ġħ塷ݺݵǱ񵶡
ȻһӴҶеĺڽŵˣ߼ȻסƬ̡
ͬʱҶŵѵһ÷飬ȭҵĹâںڵħãǿѪһȭء
䣡
ɫȭͷ;ײһҶ˶һ漴һѪ˶Ѿ񵶱Ƶȥ
ħӡҶһֻӡһɫĴӡ̫ħɽһ㣬žײ
䣡
һ֮£һ漴ڷ顣
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Ȼ˿̣Ҷȴ·һϢ֣嶼̲ס


һǧ˰ʮ Ŀⶾ
ŮʵѪ¹ɴ֮£ӦþѪħڵĴˡҶɫأشǰİŮӣŮȷǣݾѹȺѹֻôῡܸ棬һʧ
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·̧ͷϴЦݣڵӣͬһãֺҹеǳޱȵ䡣Ҷ죬Ҷ˶͸ˣҶһݡ
ɲⰡҶи̾Ѫ¹ɴˣǰѪħڴˣĸоŷ޻ڲ١
ɴ˿ɼҽʵ֮ǿǴԺԱġ
ҲԺûˣԽԽ١ڻĽ磬һЩǿţѡħ;죬ѡԺķǳ١
˵ĽԱҽ绹վϷģϾй͹ħ磬ʵ֣Ȼָ˻Ľ磬ҲûĽʵ
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ҶԣⶼܿóѾĵ۾ôô
Ҷ첻ϣеУ֮·ǣЦ˭ҽֻģѾ͵Ҳûȥˡ
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ҶȻʧЦԼģɵҡͷЦҲͶκ˵£
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ͬʱ·ǴУһɫġַ˳ѹֲħ۳һںɫĹֱ񷡣
䣡
۶Ϊ֮һ
·ǱѪ¥˲䵹Ѫ¥ɱֲЩῡҲ˲ơ
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Ѫ¹ɵĴ˸ʤһҶаѪ¹ɵĴˣĿǰˣŷ޻ڶ硣
ѪħڵĴˣѪ¹ɵĴˣʶҽԽԽǿߣҶ΢΢
һħĹ֮У²ô˳
ϾѪ¹ɺѪħڴ֮⣬оŴʳ̫ҲԼĴˣɵĴˡ
ЩԺҶһսǿҶˡ
ҶΨһֵҵľݣһǱʵǿڰСһħʵҲѪ¹ɴţʱԼ¡
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صѪ¶죬ҶȥѪ¹ɴˣԷҲܸɴֱ࣬óħ塷ȫͶҶ졣
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Ѫ¹ɴҶ죬Ȼ˵ħѨͻȻȴſ϶
Ҷһͻֱͬκˣޱ𺳡Ҷ쵽ײǷˣһ˲Ц˵Цˣǵһɢ޿Եõġ
Ѫ¹ɴ΢΢Ц㲻Ҳ˭õˣҲὫϾƥﻳ
Ҷüͷɻ󣺡ӣΪ϶ħѨ
·ǻɢޣԴ濴óҶһ޵йˣ֮ͬѹȺۣҲز˵ģ·ܹҲ
ħѨҶܣҶûǰչֹѪ¹ɴҲֻǺѣô뵽ħѨ
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һǧ˰ʮ Ե
֮УҶѪ¹ɴ˰ｻ棬ԣĿޱ䡣
ҶĻѪ¹ɴѪɫߺ΢΢˵Ǵħ塷濴ģ
ŶԸ꣡Ҷ쵭˵
Ѫ¹ɴЦ˵֪Ϊȫġħ塷
֪ҶҡҡͷҲɻΪħĹħ۶佻ˣôŹȻ󴴳ħţλ֮һ
֮⣬ûӵСħ塷ĲȱǶħŹųģΪıѰڡħ塷츳Ĵˡ
Ǻǣ
Ѫ¹ɴ΢΢һЦ㲻֪ҲΪǵħ۸Ѫ¹ɵģ˲֪
ʲôҶЩ𾪵ؿѪ¹ɴˡ
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ҶԾɵ˵ô˵ħ۱ش֮󣬻صҽ粻ñˡ
Ѫ¹ɴ˵˵ͷ̾Ϣ˵ʦүȻȻħۣǻ̫ǿˣħڵİӲĥħۣʦүҲ޷ȡ
˵Ѫ¹ɴЦʵħԸйʦүҲϣʦүܹϣԺܹչһãȻĻΪħ۵رΪλܹƽҿƺƴħţⶼʦүڰշҽһЩǿߣħ͹ϷħõıˡȻħ۵ҲôҲλҽ۷ڣҪʦүˡ
ԭˣҶȻû뵽һԵɣѹѪ¹ɴӵȫġħ塷ֻӵħѨʲôϵ
Ҷɻı飬Ѫ¹ɴ˼˵ħ塷Ѫ¹Ҳ츳жߣҲǿ㣬ָܹ߲
˵գѪ¹ɴһ϶ӿֳһǿħǴ߶ħ塷Ч
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ǵ߲㣡Ѫ¹ɴ̾Ѫ¹ɵʷϣܹšħ塷߲ѾǼˣⲻΪ츳⣬ΪŹ⣬ȻΪѪ¹һˣѵȲħŵĴ𣿡
ҶҡҡͷϻѪ¹ʵɲ⣬ÿһ˶һһٮٮߣôܱȲħŵĴˡ
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˵꣬Ѫ¹ɴؿҶ죬ЩʵǰߣǺأ
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ħĹħĹûʲôѪ¹ɴҡҡͷ˵ħΪ˱סʬڣ㽫˳һݻΪһĿռ䣬ħĹ
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ҶҲûжٵģħֻŪݣҲûйϵʱŪһֻҪƽ¼ɡ
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ԱߵԣλѪ¹ɵĴˣȻôǿҲ֪Ѫɫߺ棬һգзǳ档
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ŶҶɫ΢䣬ܿͻָԭźִΪɵѽȻʵϲˡ
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һɢޣܹõɴ˵ָ㣬ĻԵ
ҶȻ򣬲ӣѪ¹ɴ˺ħŴ˹ϵвɵһ˿衣


һǧ˰ʮ 
ž֮ģҶź˴
֮֮ҶѾȫġħ塷͡ʮħ١ԼˣħٵˣҲûʲôʧջܴ
ˣҶûжη壬ֱ߽˴
ڣѪ¹ɴ˺ħŴѾֹͣ۵ˣ˼ҶʱĿ˹
Ѫ¹ɴ˽ܵλ֣
ӣҶ΢΢һЦ漴ħŴˣɫ΢΢λħŵĴˣĳħĽѾãܹħŴˣʵҡ
ϷѪ¹ɴԣʱһĿɿڴǼǵ÷ǳҶûаħŵ˼ôô
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ħŴԵúܸˣϴ壬Ц˵ڵ۶죬Ҳֽħ塷˵ڰ˲㣬ұصظּħţ֪Σ
Ҷû뵽ħŴôֱӣ㶣漴ҵȻԸħţϾҪǰħĹˣڲǰħţȵħĹ˵
ȻħŴ΢΢Цڶ䣬ȻǽΪҪ
˵Ѫ¹ɴҲˣ˵壬ʱҪչˣϾҪˡ
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ͬʱҶзǳȻѪ¹ɴ˾Ȼʰ·磿Ҫ֪磬ǲǫģ˵Ѫ¹ɴĲڴˡ
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ҶЩ棬ȵ˭֪ϲʶ
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Ҷ΢΢һЦȷûУУҲϱӡǺͻ֮ӡǽ𣬸޷档
ҶҲҪ䣬ӡڣȫɵغ֮ǰħĹ
뵽Ҷ쵭˵㵽˵أҵѾˣˡ
Լ㲻ȥħĹ𣿡
д㣡Ҷ˵꣬תȥ
ιιƺ˺ҶѾʧɳĮУʱöţü΢壺ҶʥߣţҶ±һ뿪ΪڻĽҾҲ㡣
ʱѾ뿪Ҷ죬һ·ٴλص֮ǰֱ̤С
ޱߵĺڰ䣬ʱҶӿû档
䣡
ҶϱһǿϢüĳˡĵۡɫĴ֣ɢųҵĹâɫ̣ĥһ䣬Ҷ쿪һȫĵ·
ûвҶʱ߶ڰ˲ġӿٶȣѸٳǰн
ޱߵ֮ǳĺƴҶһԪ·ſһͭţ֮ıԵҽĽڼ䡣
ħ
ͭҽ֣ͨɫħƣΣյϢɢ귢
ӦþǴ˵ˣҶ찵뵽漴߶ӡǣɢΧ䣬ȻųһħŲԶͭߵȥ
䣡ͭŷһ죬·µĹӣԽʱճӣ
ҶüͷҪô򿪣
ָħϵغͭţʼպ䲻˿޷һ˿һ
Ҷ漴ٻһЩħһȺħ֮͵ԱҪըš
ͭȱһۼû¡
ԿҶҧҧֱӭȥӶȭͷͭš
¡¡ͭŷ֮Ȼ˿
ʮħ٣Ҷһ漴߶ڰ˲ġȫսʮ˲۳һɺƵȭӣͭš
Ȼͭ˿
Ҷһó˽ħ˺ħսף˵Ϣʱ౶սϵﵽһ۷塣
Ҷһޱߵ׽ٽ٣µĵâݺݵͭ棬һıը
ͭžҲɽգ޷򿪡
޷ˣҶüͷţӦòܴ򿪵ġ
ڵսټϺħս׵֮ǿĴˡ
ⶼУǾֻϵǿ߲ˡ
ϵǿ߸˵أΪǿһ䣬ϲлź֮
ǣ˺һҲӡǣ߻֮ӡǣýǰ
ֿ̫ˣħӦòôá
϶ʲôŶԣ
ˣ䣡ͻȻҶ۾һóֲֻˡħ̽С
һ̣Ҷı䡣
֮ӡǺӡϾ¶׼䡣
ȵȣҶһѹӡǣȻ˳ͭš
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ҲҶȥ˲䣬ڵͱӡˡ
ȻǽħĹġҶ첻ɵ¶һ˿Цݡ
漴ҶҲڴǰĻ
һҶʱˡ
Ϊڳһǳ棬ΧӰΪߵʮ֮͵ͨ顣
ЩˣڿҶͭȫȡ棬Χ˹ΧһȦȦ
Ǵͭģѵˣ
찡澹Ȼڣ
˵ӡҵȣǴͭŽģһΪǴ˵û뵽ġ
ѵһӡѪ

Χ˵Ҷһɻ
òƣЩˣӡҵˡ
Ĺһ塣


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ⲻһĹôһǳأȻôˣ
ӡҵġòӡܵȷ˵ӡкܶðħĹǽȥˣһûг֪
ѵЩˣ
ҶһƬǰһĻ̫֮⣬Щֲ
ңӡˣ𣿾深˺ҲŴŶԣôǰЩˣһû䡣
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ÿÿͻȻһӴս׵ʿ˹һɫʮ׽֮
ģΪ׵һҶ죬ɫȻһŽ֮ʵǿȻֻǾŽ֮츳
ʣﲻħĹѵߴ˵طҶʵ
һЦûߴˣЩһ仰Խ͵㻹Ǹȥɡ
ãҶûоܾ֮֮ʵֻҪԷٶ࣬Ҳаߡ
⣬ҶҲɻҪԷ͡
£һȺʿҶ˳
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Ҷ̧ͷȥǰԶӭһӣȲȻͬһʮ֮ʵȴǿҶ춼еһ˿ѹѪ¹ɴࡣ
ºǿʵҲҶ죬â漴̾
Ҷ쵭˵ǿ
ǺǣЦЦ漴ԱߵĽ˰֣ʾԷȥ
ʱȥ
Ҷ죬һͤڣԶ
ŶҶ죬΢΢Ц֪кܶɻѾܾû߽ˣҾ͸㽲°ɣ
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漴˵ںܾǰǲ֪жˡӡħĹ˾Ա䣬ϡְյ£˺ܾãӡڳ˷
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˵ϧ̫ˣӡҵֻϣֻһȺ֮ôܽÿ֮أ֮£һȺȱΥ涨µѵʼ֮ħĹ
ӡ˵Щħ۵ȱǣȫ֪ûһ˻ųʵϣǲû
˵ЦſҶ죬˵ҲˣЩˣǵӡȱġǽ˵֮󣬷ϵƾʧˣֻû䣬Ҳ޷ٴδԽͭţ뿪˵ءǣǱ㶨ڴ˵أһ
ӡҵЩȱأǶˣǵʮ֮ΪܻҲӦöߵľŶԡڳڣȴûиܵһϵϢҶɻ
ԿЦҲҪ飬ħ۶µĹڣˣ޷ڴ˵ؽ磬ֻʮ֮𡣡
˵գҶ𾪣˵ڵЩȱǶ뿪ӡǣȥ̽ħĹȥˣֻһȥҲûл˺£ЩӡҵˣҲʱ˳ȥ̽һûٻ֪
ӡʲôҶ첻ʵ
ԣ۵ӹһ˿־壬Щ˵ǳɽɽӲޱȣߴΰʵǣɻ飬ҪȥֻͨʮɽȻЩɽ̺֮صΣȥˣһ˶ûлų
Ҷüͷһ壺Σ˿𣿡
Ц˶ˣҵɽһЩ˵Ĳҽƺǳ־壬žŵϾˡ
Ҳ˵Ҳ֪ʮɽʲôҶ˵
֪ҡҡͷ֪̾Σգÿһʱ䣬ӡһ˽ȥ̽ΪԶرʮ֮磬˭ҲģֻһȱŬ̽ǰͺ̣Ȼû˳ֻĿ־塣
ûҪȥ̽𣿡ҶȤʵ
ЦȻУѾʮ֮ˣȥҿ»ˡڽȥ֮ǰһᾡԼս˳һγҲܰĵȥ̽
Ҷ찵̾ҪԶʮ֮磬Ҳᷢɡ
Щǿߣ֮⣬Ѿ֪ЩʲôˣܽǱɱǻҪ


һǧ˰ʮ ʮɽ
л󣡡˳һ֮Ҷվл
˰֣ЦȻ˴˵أǱһϵˣûʲôıƣΪЩûãֻһȺڴ˵صĿ֮˰ˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ô飬ҲøһЩ顣
ŶԸꣿǹӡҵʵ˵Ȼͬһ壬ǸҺǲûʲôϵЦ˵
Ҷҡҡͷǹӡң֪ӡѾɱֻʣһˣıƣӵ䣬Ȼһˡʱһٶں֮ǰ˵ءЩУкܶʵȳ㶼Ҫǿ󲿷ֶʮ֮ǵʵ״ݻӡǡ
ʲôԶʱվ֮ɫ
ҶԣȰ㣬콫ͭŸһƬյأЩӵ¾סĵط⣬ҲҪԸȥӡǵ˵ǣҪ֪ЩԸӵܣһΨҶˣǣǿɲ˭
꣬ɫϱ仯ãűȭмл¸֪ȻĻû׼Ǿӡǵˡ
Ҷ΢΢Цʵ㲻̫ģӡǵʵǲġֻҪǲȥǣȻ֪ǣ֪һϢҲðܾ˵Σǡ
ףһСӦġ˵ͷ
ҲøˣԵĻ벻Ҫ͸¶˵ϢҺЩӵܹϵӣʱ֪˵ϢҶ漴ų˵
ϵͷ·ģһȥЩˣ͸¶Ϣ
ǾͶлˣҶЦЦ漴ȥ
ĿҶȥ
ȵҶ뿪һ˹ǳףĻ𣿡
ƭҶûʲôôҡҡͷ漴ԸǲӳͭŸľ񣬲ҷ˵Ϣ
˵˵ͷ漴дһ˿ڴ˵ף˵Щ˽ӦǳʮɽģҪҪһȥ̽
ΪȻѾﵽʮ֮磬Ϊһֻ־ܽѹ㻹̫ˡҡҡͷ
˿Цףӡǿʮ֮ôȡ
ͺúʲôʱӵΪʵȥ̽ʮɽҲ١һΣΪһȥɣΪô꣬Ǹ̤ȱ֮·ʱˡ˵
ף㡭ҪȥЩ
ȥȥǵȥһᡣ̾
˳Ĭˡ

뿪˳ҶӡǳŴֻصʿǿҶ쵽ɵúȵȥⲻһŽ֮ĵط
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Ҷûǣһţһ˵и˳ǣòҪֹǣƢûôˡ
˵꣬Ҷӳųȥˡ
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ǻȻȥɣ
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ҶߵһɽǰܵһɼŨҵΣ·ֻҪԼǰ̤һ֮ء
ҵҪʲôΣҶ찵뵽Ȼٻʮ˸ħѡһɽ롣
ܽûñ룬ΪǿߣΣգο
ħ̽·Ҷ쳣õֶΣħҲ죬õġ
Ȼʮֻħȥȴþûг
Ҷɫһ䣬ʱϵħѨ
ħѨϢǣЩħȥ󲻾ãϾϵ·ƾʧһ
ħѨ˵ںЩħϾϵһ˲䣬һƬڰֹ


һǧ˰ʮ ·
һƬڰ
Ҷ˳˼̫ˣȻħ޷̽˵δ֪ΣսЩħ˲
Щħǰ˽֮Ҫ˲ǣȷпܡ
£ҶٶٻһЩħٻ˰ֻħÿɽȥһֻ
ǰһǽȥħȫʧˣһõϢֻ֪һƬڰ֡
ҶûټǲħȥˣΪ֪ȥħٶҲûãûŪδ֪Σǰ˷ħϾ·кܳҪЩħ̽ýʡá
ȻˣҾרһɽɣҶƬ̣漴ѡ˵һɽȥ
ɽںܿ㹻˲̤룬Χʯڹ⻬羵ֻһƬڡżĺ洵˻һ
ܰҶĽŲ
Ҷٻһħǰгһֱߣÿħ֮ľΪһףı棬ǰȥ
һһħΣգϾܷҶа롣
һʱҶɫһ䣬ΪħѨѶ֪ǰĵһħѾˡ
Ϣƾʧ
ڵڶλħֻüһƬڰʧˡ
ĸħʧٶԽԽ졣
Ҷȫëſëһһ̫ž޶ţΣǰδеǿң·ֻҪǰһǡ
ܣ
û˿ԥҶתܣһ嶯ˣû˽Σ֮ǰж
˵Щҽ˾Ҫˣβȵ̽ٽҲ١
ҶָЩħǰԼת򶴿ڡ
ʱһʱӦò̫ԶҶ뵽ˣЩġ
ǣħѨѶϢк
ΪЩħĺܿ죬תۼ䣬Ѿһǧˡ
ܣܣܣҶ˫֮ףڰ˲ġ״߶ͬһɫսȫ¶籡ҵĽ⣬һ򶴿ڡ
ȻһӺʮӺ󡭡Ȼٳٿڡ
ôܣҶ۾һɣֻоͷƤ飬һëȻ
ʱΪСĽáߡٶĿ
ٶȱ߶˼ޣӦ˲Ϣִ֮ܵﶴڲŶԣⶼʮˣԻصӡˣôڶ
ҶĵһƬΪʲôЩӡҵȱڽ֮Ϊʲôһȥˡ
һ̫ԴˣҶЩڣЩ
ӡǵĳɲ⣬ûкħսףԷʵ֮ϡ֪ǰЩ̽ɽӡȱǣʵҲȻλ֮£ǿߣһ̽Ȼûһ˻ųΣգ֪
ҶԴӽԺһֱ˳˳ˮʱڴԺ𡣼㵽ҽ磬ҶҲħķˮ𣬷·һж֮Уħǵһ̽롣
˳һš
ҪŻᣬЩҽ˽֮ǰ̽ħĹõĻԵ
ò˵Ҷܺãһɹôջһ
ȴλ˵еħۡ
ܹ۱ȼĻԵô׻õ
ӡһѵûгֹҶһŵ𣿲ûУкܶ࣬Ǿڴ˵ء
Ҷ̫ˣڲֺ
ܡҶȫ߶٣ϵǰܣ֪ûãҲûͣ
ΪҪʱ䣬Լ˼Բߡ
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ֹʮӣҶųһֻħѾˡ
δ֪ΣգϢؽӽҶ졣
ʱҶȻͣסŲؿǰһƬڰƽΣո˲ǿ
ٻͷ󷽣ͬһɺڰӽǷҶǰ·
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ҲѹӡǳɽһЩҽ
Ҷǿ˵£µĿӽͺֻ֪ʣʮʮڵʱһһεţԽԽӽĸоĿֲ
ħսף
Ҷһʱɲʲôϻ˺ħսףɫĺԼȫ³֡
ҶУҲó˽ħ
ȻΣû˿·ܹӺħսס
ʹõޱǿ󣬿ҶԽսûиһϣ
һǰһɺڰ͵Ҷɡ


һǧ˰ʮ 
ţ
Ѫ¹ɴ˵սϣҶ͵۾ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ڸղţһļµĸоĵȻӿ֡
Ҷ磬˵Ԥ֪δ񣬿ǰоΣս١
Ǳ𣿡
ҶɫԼħû˿ǣΪϾǷٵˣҲûжʧ
Ǳ岻һһˣڵҲʧֻʣһ߿տǡ
һǰħĹһԪǰϵͻȻնϣӦħĹ
Ҷ
Ҷһ壬ʵһ꣬һ˼롣ԣĴ㣬Ȼ֪
ֻڱħĹ֮֮ϵ㱻ˣ˴Ϣ޷ݡ
ȻͬһˣڲͬĻУٵǾͲһˣҲ֪ħĹʲô
Ǹղָоʵ̫ļˣ϶ǱʲôΣա
ôˣϴħѨʲôħǰ̽·ΣҲħţӦúܰȫŶԡ
Ҷв⡣
Ȼͬһˣͱ뷨Ҳһģһֱ˳˳ˮټħ̽·ҲЩԴûħĹֻΪԼջ
ֻܵȽħĹ˵ˡ
ΣҶ̾˿
ѾͱϾϵ
ֻܵȴħĹˡ
֣ǵִ֮ˡ⣬ź
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Ϊ֮ǰͱϵƬ֮Ҳ˽˺ܶ࣬û⡣
Ͼһ˶ûΣգôһôܻΣա
֮ΣЩ޾䣬ֻҪ䣬Щ㲻ٿ㡣
ԣҽһڽ֮󣬷ҶıɣϾҶı廹Ҫ֮ӡǺӡȥɱЩ䣬ֻҪһֱߣҪֵġ

ȻҶں󷽵Ⱥ֮УһϤӰ
ƣһֱڴ˵أȻ˸䡣
Ϊкܶ࣬ҲֻΪֻħѰԲû⡣
ңƺƯһɢ޺кøУ˶̸֪䣬߱ۼһȺɢޣγһɲ
ȻҲĻ֮ƹй¶һ˿ǿ֮Ǳ㲻ˡ
ϾƵʵԺҶűȼ磬һɢ֮УȻ޵еġ
ҶûйĴջĿ⡣
ʱѪ¹ɴѾս׼֮
ЩȻȺˣǶսһṥʱƻսͲˡ
һȺһ֮Ե÷ǳ׳ۡ
ףЩĶ㿪ˣҵһθоҲкôġ½Ա߹ЦһʼΧ޾䣬ЩͷƤ飬漴Щ䶼㿪Լ㳹׷ˡ
кôɾҽʮ֮磬Ҫܹ䣬ΪҲðħĹһˡźҲЦ
½չһʱ䣬˶˫˫ʮ֮硣
磬ǵʵѾ˼ˣټˣǽ磬Ȼǡ
ʵϣ˵ˣѡһʱʮ֮硣
һȥڳˣʮ֮ûһʮ֮µġ
Ҷû˵ֻǳĬظ·Ϊڵıİȫ
Ƕ䣬ҪЩĹٶȺܿ죬ԪǾ͵ִͭš
ʱ˶ۼͭΧ˼Žİ취
ҶȻ֪ôȥȴûгǻȺС
󣬻ǳпᣬֱһȥ̽ȻޱȺ£Ҳ޷ֻһͭš
ͭŸӦϵ䣬˲俪ţ˽ȥ
˼״ʱˣҲһС
һٶˣһһĽȥǺķ˲ʱ䡣
ҶѪ¹ɴ˵ĸڵһȥˣЩɢֻ档

ӡǣΪҶѣѾ˽ͭΧһƬյأγһƬտĹ㳡
˿̣һӰͭ
ӡǳյϢ̴ˣڲԶעš
һʼ˻ЩģϾӡǳȺʵȻˣҲ˵ԤϡŽԽԽ࣬ǾͷĺܶˣںشӡǳȺˡ
ʲôط
Ȼˣ
˼
Ŵʳ̫ҲˣǸԴһ£һƳ죬ƥһۣ漴ӡǳȺȥ


һǧ˰ʮ ڻ
Ŵʳ̫ӣһ֮ǵӢܡһˣѹһһгۡŸվһǾһ˭ǵ
˿̣λ̫ӶûԼϵǿϢӡǳлɽӣЯӴѹ
ӡǳɫޱأûǶǰȥһǿϢͷųռ䶼ڲ
λ̫Ӽ״΢΢¶֮ɫЩȡ
ӡǳλҽľӢɣӡǳĪơ
ԣӹһĨɣӡǣѵĹһ壿
׼ȷ˵ĹһĺˣΪ˽˵أӶǡӡǳ˵
գתͷһ˴Ⱥ˳ӡܡ
ӡܴӡǳ漴ԳͷǵڶӡҵѪ
磬ϵͨѪǿԱ˴˸Ӧĵ
ӡǳ˫΢ӡܣӡҽʣˣ
ҽӡܣӡ˵
ӡܣӡǳһʼû⣬ֺ󣬷·ʲôɫȻһ䣬ܿͱ
ǣʵﵽʲôӡôﷱôһˣħĹ𣿡
ӡǳ˵ǵһٸϸ˵ɣ
üȴûֹϾ滹ɵ˺ˣԼˣɲܷŭ
ȵ˽֮ӡǳ㽫ҶĻҲǡ
ǵ֪ԼϵʧˣЩˣ漴ҲܳȥҲ޷磬ʱһ̿֡
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ȺУҶ۾ͨ꣬ȴòһϵ
⸽ӦÿϵĵŶԡ
ʱҶڲԶܵһϤϢħϢ
ħӦǱģΪ˰˽һСҶ찵뵽ͱͬһ˼룬ܹ뵽˼顣
ڴҶӡǳҲܶԳȥжȻ˻ɡ
ӡǳ֮Ⱥ֮һƬȻ۷׷
λ֪ģҶѾˣҪסȥ̽ɽԱ㡣ǣ˭ҪвӡǾİȫҲҲӡǳ˵
˵꣬һȺ뿪ˡ
ûϾӡǵʵҲǷҪֻ֣ܾˡ
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ڸٺ֮Щͷˣż£ǰʮɽ̽ˡ
Ѫ¹ɵҲȥˣҶ첻ö뿪Ҳ뿪ˡ
ʮɽڳⲻԶ˾ۼվڶڣڵͨš
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ʱһƬѪɣҶӲɱʮˣȫ
һɫħޱȵİȻûһ˿Եס
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˺ˣΪҶʵ̫ǿˣǸֵסУͱɱˡ
Ѫ¹ɵĴ˶ʱЦ
壬ҼסˣߣѪħڵĴ֪޷ٶƣ֣ʣµ뿪ǰİɫ
Ѫ¹ɵĴҶ죬Ҷһ֮ɫںˡ
Ѫ¹ɵĴȻһЦ˵ģ˵㻰ħ۵ʬ׼ڰ˲㡶ħ塷õģǵڰ˲ġħ塷ҲӲҶʵ͸ɡ
˵꣬Ѫ¹ɴӸҶһɫĹţ̺ŨʬЯӴѹҶ궼ڲ
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ͬʱҶܵһԼħͬԴıϢ
ԣҶȷħ۵ʬ
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ǺǣǺǺģһǰ㣬ϣǻкĻᡣѪ¹ɴƣ΢΢һЦȻٸʮɽ
ΪõƵˣѾʮɽˣɲ̫ࡣ
Ҷħ۵ʬһطⶫħ塷һɫӰȴǰ
ǺǣСܵܣҿǺܼǳġ·ǣȻûȥƣΧȴҶ䵥
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ҶͫһȵǶѾһɽˣȻȥƣѵұħ۵ĻԵҪ𣿡
ħ۵ĻԵҪ·һЦ漴һҶ죺㱨ҲҪɱ㣬Ҳ˶೤ʱ䡣
죬ư磬žѹȹ
ҶоΧĿռ䶼סˣ޷ȫѹܴ
ǿ󰡣ҵı廹Ҫǿ󣡡Ҷи̾漴ʩչħӡƷԶ
ǿսҲأҽս·ں׷Ŀⶾһ۾Ϳˡħӡʵ
ҶȻͣסŲ߶ʮħ١ݻʮ˲·ѹ
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ãʵ̫ˡҶɫһ䣬ԥóѪ¹ɴ˸ħʬֱȥ
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ˣҸҪΪҲħѨģħ۵ʬͬһԴ
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һǧ˰ʮ ˫
ħ۵ʬҪҶħںϣҶ漴תħ塷ܿ˵ھŲġħ塷
䣡ڵھŲġħ塷ɵʱһǿϢʱҶϳµĵ涼Ѻۡ
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ڵʵ±ȱ嶼ҪǿһˡҶޱ˷ܡ
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·ǣҪɱҳˣҶ쿴·ɱûк·ɣͦӭȥ
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ͬʱʮɽеһɽ棬һɢһƣƵǰһźڰϵغˡ
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ҶȻһֱڻ֮ӡ֮УȴҳΪһͻᱻڰɡ
ֱƵ˽Ҷ쿴ԷƿԱ˺ڰϷų꣬壬ȡɢ޵ơ


һǧ˰ʮ ħ
ɽ֮УҶֳƣ˺ڰǰ
ͬʱҶҲڸھŲġ֮еĻҪǿǼӲ壬սﵽһ۷塣
ھŲġħ塷ֻӵǿ壬ȡѷɫˣҲǡħ塷Ȳϡԭ
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ÿһΣҶ춼ܸоԼʵ˺ܶ౶
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ȻҶֻǲΪ棬ϾΪֻоŽ֮𣬶Էʮ֮һλӰ컹Ǻܴġ
Ҷﵽʮ֮磬žڴˡռ崫ˡ¼崫ˣδԼĶ֡
ʵСܹռϷ磬Ҳ޷ܶԷֻżռСˡ
ϧħʧȥϵӸղǸҽӦöħĹˡ
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ΪıħۻԵȻҽǰһȻҪǰúðơ
⣬ħֻһˣҲӰ첻󣬲ֵȥӦ
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ǰɽľҶвпл֮ӡǺӡǣοľˡ

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ͬʱҶһ˫ӣһĨ裬ǰһС
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ʲôȱˣõô֣صذڷڴ𣿡Ҷɻ󣬲ɵţͬʱһ˿̽С
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ǰȱƬħ֡һǿġħۣϧһ߽սʱƬ
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ҪǣЩƬؼռƬǾܹΪҪǵõƬΪ׻⡣
˱Ҷܲۺ죿


һǧ˰ʮ 
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ΪһЩǿѾõһƣʮɽˡ
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Ҷ뿪ӡǲãһɫۣƽǵиߺλǶӡǵ˸ˣˡЩƶǹųΪıɱԼõħĹĻԵ
׳գΪƭ𣿡ЦԶһɱȥȥ
óƣߺӡǵıôЩƶǣûһڶǣңǿеⶼҴӶõģˣҼһơǲŵĻ͸ɱȥ
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˫ʧԽԽ
һѾûʲôɣ˫ɱ۾ңڶǵһ˼ҵҵһƣʱЩҽ˸ӷˡ
ǵƱˣʣûƵˣȫɱ˶ǣΪΨһѡˡ
ضǵʿûסã㱻ҽǿɱ˽ȥһʱѪɺӣѪƯ֡
˵صĺӣѾ˻ս֮С
˭֪ǸʵҶһħǵҶ챾ҶħŵǸħ
ҶȻ֪ӡǵʲôıƣһɲõĸоǱԿӡһΡ
ʵϣӡαҶӲˡ
ǽҽǿͻȻɱڶǵʿûеֵסƬ̣ͱɱøɸɾ
Щҽ˱ɢĴɱӣѰơ
ӡǳӦʿʱӡѾ˲ء
ɶ񣡡ǰĿ꣬۾ʱˡ


һǧ˰ʮ ֱ
ɱɱǣӡǳ۾ŭΪ̶Ƭ֮ڣӡǵ˿ڼʮ֮һɺѪҺǵĵ涼Ⱦˡ
ⲻΪȺҽǿɱҵһЩƣȻҵƵ˺٣ٸһϣǲɱ۾
죡ϴ˳ˣӡԱߺȵ
ʱˣڣЩ˿ɶӡҵﰡҲĺᰡ
ӡܺǰЩҽѡľӢɱֻܾˣᵼǼƻʧܣǲ޷뿪˵أӡʧȥĻᣬӡ
˵ӡٶȺȵӡһҪһҪ
ˣԣҷҧ
ӡܿǰѪɺӵ޳ɫص˵ͷȻЩ⣬ôڴ˵أԷѪˡԽеڶƻˡ
ɫЩѿѪֻҪȺҽ˻ɱˣǶһһɹ
ڣӡѾȥˣʧ˽ˡ
ΪʲôЩ˻ͻȻɱ˹ңôҵƵģзǳ⣬ÿ϶ڰп
ϧˣѾɽ뿪ӡǡ

ΪıİȫҶѡɽҲ֮ǰɽ
Ҷ˶ƣǺɾͱƬΣյĺڰ
ֱһʱ䣬ҶͻȻͣס˽Ų
֣ôʱؿܣҵʵ
ҶûǶڵϣСز鿴ǰһȾѪĵ棬̯ѪУܵϤϢ
ѪҺ
ˡǴЩѪҺУͿԸܵǿⲻƵڰ˲㡶õİҶкܲ⡣
ֻҪû£ôһоͺáǣҶ̧ͷǰ˵û£Ǽǰаɣ
Ȼ
˼ǰܿͿɽڵ⣬Ƕʱϲæɱȥ
һǽں͵ذ壬ھԵЩҲϻһЩԭʯƬ
ԲۣȺ˼ֱǻȳ棬֮ݲƤǽڶŹź̰
Ҳ߰ɣҶɨһۣǰΪ滹ˣʲôмֵĶңĶӦöõˡ
˴Ӵһſڳȥ󣬿һƬãأſԱ߻һʯ洫һ񲨶
ԭʯ
˽յʯݹϢʱɫһ漴ϲ
źȴ¶֮ɫ
ȻҶת˵λӴǷֿжɡ
ΪʲôҪֿһǸ𣿴Ҳиҵƽ־ˡ½ɵ˵ǲҶֿϾΣգҶڣǻ˱
ȻҶû½ԷͶź˵ͷ˵أм̰ģ
˵꣬Ҷ컹üû˿̻һӡǣ˵һȫһֻҪǿߣһɱ
漴Ҷԥ뿪ˡ
ܹһѾ御ˣԺǿ¾·ˡ
գ֮䣬ҶӰʧߵС
½üĵӡǣЩȻկĿ䣬Ȼկ
źǳһĨļ
ұ죡һԵķŭȵ
ûկܹѧᡶħ塷ܹӵڵʵ½˵
ŭûѾ֪˶ٴˣǺ֮䣬ֻǷģûǷǷֺ
˵꣬ԱߵĶź˵֣һжɣҵԭʯƽ֣Σ
ţź˵ͷҲһж˵üķӡǣⶫֻܳһΣﲢա
෴˾ۼһô˵ķӡǾܱˡ
뵽źԱһ½͵ǷֿҲģʵǿ󣬱˵ѰһԭʯˣҵĿʱԼʵ˿ѵҲҪƽ𣿶ңһЩǿ˲סˣǸεֵǿûʵʱֻ
½Բ˵ˣʵҲףֻﲻƽˡϾկʱҶֻһͨĿ䣬ڲʵԽһеĵλҲԶԶԱġ
֮ģκ˶еġ


һǧ˰ʮ ӭս̫
Ƿֱ֮Ҷһ򣬱ֱɱȥ
û뵽彫ھŲɹˣ̫ˣҵʵԺЩǿ߱ȼˡ
ټϺħսףܹǿˣҲֻлۡᡢޡһڴˡ¼崫ˡռ崫ˡ
Ҷ찵뵽
Ƭã֮Ͼͨϵ˱壬ʱ˴˼ںϣһо֮С
ʱҶ챾ѾͷųħѰƬãеĻԭʯѾ˲ָħھ
ҽǿҲв٣һЩˣɱҶɳȥħ
ҶȻԼĿˣϳǰȥɱЩˡ
˿̣ҶħҲյϢҲһйȥ
ħѰңҶͷӬһֻҪĵȴħǴݻѶϢɡ

һ֮С
Ҷ챾ħѨڵĻԭʯű߲Զżʬ壬Ǵʳ̫ӳµˣҶϵǵķװ
ô
ҶɲҽˣںԼǷʳҵĿǾһ֡
Щ죬ѾҵٶԭʯˣֻҪȥҽҪķѵĻԭʯ㹻ˡҶ˷ܵ
ҲôԭʯҶħѨȥԭʯΪڲƴ֣ħѨˡ
ԭʯ̺֮˼ʮԭʯħѨ֮Ͼͽ˾Žףһڳʮ׽
ǣҶħѨ׼뿪󶴡
ʱһӰһЩǿߣ˿
ɱҴˣȻڴ˵أǺôĵӣǳϵʬ壬ٿѾһԭʯʱðɣһ˫棬ŭҶ졣
ҶЩѽȻû뵽Էô졣
Ҫ˵ҶĶֱǳΪҲвǷֵĿ·ֵĿغϣսǱⲻ˵ġ
ҶҲ
֪ҵţҲ֮˵ɣ㵽˭ĸɵģȵҲǰ׳գҪԷǲԼǵġ
ȻǴʳǿЩЩˣǻǡ
ǺǣԻĽ磡Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴չֵھŲġ¶ɢҶ貵Ľɫâս֮߳ĸսһȭǰ糤ӣƺƵᴩǺ
¡¡
ͦӭײһ𣬱ֲը
ʱˣ·ӴܣҲ˲ˡ
Ҷʯг˳վڲԶһʯϣ˴š
ǴԺԺĴʦֶ죿ݺݶŶҶ죬ɱ
ĽҽУΪشħۣħ䡣Ϊҽ绷ӣҪĽ硣
г棬˫ǵˡ
ˣԥŭɱҶ졣󣬾ɫ֣Ҷŭ
ʼȣһȭɫںΪһ壬һɫצƥҪҶ䱬
ҶһЦ߶ȫһȭֲƾ˵̵ĺˮƺƵǿա
䣡
ɳȥһ˿ѪҺ֮ɫŵضҶ죬г˲˼顣
죬Ȼѡ˵ھŲ㣡˫һ棬ͣסӣĿؿҶ졣
Ҷ쵭һЦû뵽㻹ʶǴʦֶ죬ҿɲҽҶ졣
㲻Ƕ죡ЩȻȻ֪һЩĽϢҲֻԺλʦֵţûмǵˡ
Էôǿ󣬳ΪԷǶġ
˭㶼漴ȵһϢǣǸֳһսף˶ͬʱгһ񽣣âɣޱȡ
ɱ
һƴޱȵĽâǧɣһƥǿգһкǧء
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬ǳеѽϵսףȫǻ
治Ǵʳ̫ӣûн磬ȻѾӵˡ
̾һҶҲæ߶ħսףɫĺʱסȫ¡һ˲䣬ҶϢǣúħ֮ȭȥ


һǧ˰ʮ 
ãϣҶͳϵؼս˫һʼƾУǺҶͿʼռϷ硣
ܳʵҶ죬Ҳ޷ڸֲࡣ
ϾҲҪʵ߶ģҶܹѺħս׵ӳͲһˣҲȫ߶
ֻӵĳطǳܣҶ죬ҲܹɵصסҶĹҶҪҲǲܵġ
˫סˡ
ǿ£˵ʵȻôǿ̫Ӷ硣
˵ǻĽԺˡ
˵Ժûˣû뵽һˣҲôǿ˵ԺĴʦء

Զս۷׷ס
ȴԽԽʵ̫ŭˣƣȫսȻǲҶ죬һ԰ôܵˣ

񹥻Ҷ죬е񽣲ϵػӳһ貵Ľâ춯أ˺㣬ƥɱҶ졣
ħӡҶһƿӿȭӡתЯƥˣһȭɽӣƺƵ
䣡
е񽣱ҶУǹǿֶɣ𺳲ѡ
ȡħ塷ǿĵطǿȷ棬Ҫ
ÿһ㣬ᱩ౶
Ҷ˵ھŲġѾǿޱȣھͬʱ߶ħ֮͸ǿˡ
һ򷨣˵ıˡ
ۣսػǹǿҲóѪ
Ҷ죬ҼסˣǵѪҺȻתɫشȥ
Ҷû׷ΪɱӵĳȥҲֻ˷ʱ䡣
ħĹԵ˷ʱ䣬Ƿǳ޴ġ
ԣǽĳѡͷսܵĳ뿪
ҶҲ뿪ǰһ
ӣҶ첻ϵڿ֮䣬ջԭʯ
Ļԭʯǳ࣬ҶգЩˣҲջ
һȺɢޣ˲ٻԭʯϲЦա
ڴڼ䣬ҶȻҲٲ˴սǳԷʮΣÿζӮˣóͷ
ܿƬ򣬱Ҷţ˲֪˲
ҶɲЩ˿ջĻԭʯѾǧˡƬãصĻԭʯ֮ˡ
ҶվޣЩħ˻ԭʯƾЩħʵزסһ˷ˣǾͻᱻᡣ
ҶһˣҲĴԮһЩòߡ
ħǱҲõһǧԭʯջĻ˼ûջ
뿪˵ˣҶ찵뵽
ħѾûϢˣȻƬãصĻԭʯѾˡ
Ҷ쵱پѸ뿪Ƭãء
ǧԭʯ붼˼Ѱ
ң⻹һɽʮɽҲȱЩԭʯ
ħ۾ħֱۣ̫ˡҶи̾ѡ
ҽ֮У׬ˡ
ûջҶҲˡ
˷֮飬Ҷ뿪Ƭãأһǳءǳطǳ޴󣬱ӡǻҪöֻ࣬ƺûˣܲһ˿Ϣ
ҶЩȣ漴ųȥǽܳ߼ʡǿŵģû˿أҶֱڡ
ڽֵͨ˴һӰҲûУΧķݽ룬һЩ̾¥ҲǿŵģڷƷȴҲһˡ
һǣ
жĵģûһ˿졣
ֻҶĽŲ
Ҷ컷ܣȻֵһ¥Զ漴һڳǳš
оʮһ£ĳ󷨹ɰڷţΧһ޴Ĺ
Ӧþħ۵ĹˣҶջĿ⣬漴ųķɱȥ
ͬʱǳصʮţȫ˽롣
ҶһЩ΢۲һ飬Ǹġ
䣡ҶڵִĵʱײһƬεĹĻ˶ɳȥ
Ȼ󷨣Ҷɫһ޷ֱӽĹ漴򸽽һ
Ҫ󣬿϶ʮһ档
ȻҶִʱ򣬲ԶҲһӰƳҶһۣ㲻мغߵ
Ҷͫһս˫ȭѹ漴תȥ
Ϊǻۣͨħ䣬֪۷ǳǿǽ˵ǿһҲ˵֮ǿĴڡ


һǧ˰ʮ ׻
ۣ
ҶɫĮ䣬Զһ
˲ڿԿģкħսҲУ˵ԷҲûл
Ҷֻѡݱܷâ
߽ǰҶʱһռ䣬ΧǲãأϳһޱȾ޴Ľ֣ת䣬ЯϢưسҶѹ
ħ֣
Ҷͫһæ߶Ҵ˺ħսףȫֵơ
ȻˣҶҲħѹ˵ϣ˶ݽڵصףµ籩ûݲ塣
Ҷ𣬲ϵش߶ͷųɽ⣬ֵħ֡
ת䣬ҶѪкħսױ嶼һƬѪģ
ҿĻָǿ󣬲ȻҶֱӾͱɱˡ
ħҲֻһ֮һ֮ħֶʱֹͣתҷɢΪſƬƯڰУҶһץס
ͬʱΧĻı䣬ҶȻ֮С
ħֵƬҶʱϲæóԼǰõǿƬ֮ںһһС͵ħ֣ʱһӴϢ

Ҷ۾һӵʮƬħֵƷʴﵽ˻Σǿ󣬲ϵĺħսס
ñҶ켤ѣħսͺģħȴԼõģȻһֳɾ͸С
һҾħǹ͵Ļúͺħսһһɣҵսһ¥Ҷޱϲá
ţˣħƬôıأҶ漴Ӧæ˳Ÿıɱȥ
ʱҲÿ˶Ҷʵֵܶסħֱֵɱ
ϾҶղŶˣкħս
Ҷʵ˿֪ܹסħֵˣڳԲʮ
ʮ˵Уʮ˱ħشƱҶضˡ
ٴ֮ǵƾͺˣ޷ٴᱦҵطָˡ
ҶһҲ˲ƣҪﵽޡ
ʱʣʮġ
ƴҶҧҧԶһıȥ
ˣҲҪƴˣΪںħƬ֮ԼħѾ˻ļޣһħƬں֮󣬾һٽ׻Ρ
׻ǿ߼ǿʹõ
һ׻ۣҲ֮һսˡҶм뵽
ҲֻѣΪ۱ҪǿĶ࣬ѾʮԷ϶Ѿںϳһ׻ˡ
۱ʵǿټһ׻ʵǿʲôز
֮ҶԼԼħֽ׻Σ۵ĻԷֱɱǾΣˡ
ʵҶħҲᱦѾˣħħƬںҶħ־ܽ׻ˡ
ҶҰĺܴҪõ׻
ң׻ں϶ǿ
ҰģҶٶ߽һı
䣡ħѹҶ˫ֿ⣬˫ֶĥˣѪɡ
¡¡ħֵ̫ǿˣҶΪƲأ˿̸ӵֵסǿ
ҵסҶҧţ˫ַ飬Լıħ֣ǹɻѹեѪ⣬ѹڵϡ
Ҷƾǿ͡Ŀֲָڼˡ
Ҷٶȵõ˾ſƬ
䣡Ҷ콫ſƬԼħֵУʱâɣһɸǿϢܵ˿ֲѹ
ȻҶħͻ˻ļޣ׻Σڲһ׻֮
׻֮ǻ籾Դ֮ЯƥķâиκƷǳֲ
֪׻жôǿ
Ҷֳħ֣ܵеΰмޱȣһܡ
ȥָƣںϳ׻֮Ҷ첢뿪׼ڳҸطչػָơ
վסһŭȣԶɱһӰֱҶ֣ư硣
ħŴˣٺ٣ҵ鷳ҶһЦϳˣ߶ħ֣ŶԷȥ
䣡˲䣬һޱȾ޴̣ħŴ֡
׻ħŴɫ䣬漴תӣŵð
Ҷһ㶣û뵽ԷôСҡҡͷûм׷תȥ
Ͼﶯ̫󣬺ˣƲأҸطָơ


һǧ˰ʮһ ٴκ
Ǽһ˭ôôںϳһ׻ħŴԶ֮󣬷Ҷ첢û׷ɵͣסŲ
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ħŴתͷȥǾʮһȫҡȻ󵹵ط飬Ҳƽˣ¶ڵĹ
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ħŴɫ䣬Ҫ֪ħֻûںϵ׻Ρ
ǵʵ󣬵ڣǿһЩˣѾںϳһ׻ôЩ˶
ʦ֣ħŵ˹
ħŴ˳ʵʦأ
ʦܽһȴҲûгҾͲҽȥˡڨڨ
ħŴͷǸ͸˵ˣֻаѡħ塷ھŲ㣬֧סĹȻҵҲá
ʦ֣ջôںϳ׻𣿡æʵ
ħŴһɫˣЩѿ˵ûСѾûˣֻܴ˵עˡˣ۲죬֪Щںϳ׻
Ե˵ͷ˵ʮںϳ׻ֱǻۡᡢޡһڴˡռ崫ˡ¼崫ˣʶˡ
ʲôʮħŴԲɵһԾ漴ɫޱѿҲ˵ʮ˿ɱеޱѰ
Ѫ¹ɴأҲûںϳһ׻𣿡ħŴ漴ʵ
ɿЦѪ¹ɵʵȻǿ󣬵ǷԲһЩһںϳһ׻ȴȣѪ¹ɴֻȥ
ħŴԲ÷ֱ̬˭Ҫȥٻۺ԰мɱǣЩ˶
ʦ֣ҪҪѪ¹ɵӣںϳһ׻ȻǺܳԿС
ħŴɫ׻˭ƿأҲѪ¹ɵӻҪɹϵķϣҿøһ׻
ԳĬǰ˭ɵ÷һ׻
ִӵ˵ʲô磬ɳȻǣħŴھӵл
׻ǿ߶ҪħĴУҲϡ٣ûгµĴ׻˭ܷıĳɾˣ
ߣҸطָƣŻƬǾŴʳ̫ӣ϶Ƭҵʵʱ϶õħŴ˵
µʱѾˣɰֹɲΪǾŸ̫ӻɵõɱǡʵϣŴʳ̫Ѿʧˣ֪ڳʲôط

һǰҶħһ˵˳ɫ֮ɫ
߷ǱȲϱ壬ֻͼֲȥˣձ㣬аƬںϳһ׻һƬҶ찵뵽
ͬʱħŴһҶҲڴ˵ע⡣
ʵﵽŴʳ̫ǸٶõһƬֻҪ˵Ƭںϳһ׻ˡ
ڴҶȥˣֻлһ˴ŻĹǰ۲ʲô
ҲȥˡҶ룬Ҳ׷Ѱű٣׼ȥ
ȻѾƵˣĹȻзֶΣҶ췢ֻһʱ䶼ûнȥҲżȥ˵
˶һ˼ǱʵۣٴһƣǻͻôȥҲֻ
Ҷ׼뿪֮ʱһϤӰǰ
Ѫ¹ɴˣ
ӣҶһ㶣漴ȻЦͬʱб־衣
Ѫ¹΢΢ЦȻûʧȻܹߵһ˵ھŲġħ塷ڵʵ¶ħŴ֮ˡ
кܸпҶܹߵһʵǳϡ
ھŲġħ塷ħ۵ʬҲɹû뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼôͳɹˡ
ȴ֪ҶħħѨƳģħʬͬһԴԱ˴ںϵĸҶһԾ˵ھŲġħ塷
ӹˣҲŸոɵھŲġħ塷ħŴˣһԶءҶ쵭Ц
Ѫ¹ɴ΢΢Ц˲˵ҵҲôٺһѣ
ҪеħƬɣʲôҽأҶȤؿѪ¹ɴˣҪԷܹʲôļ۸


һǧ˰ʮ 
Ѫ¹ɴ˿Ҷ죬˵ֻҪһƬ൱һ㽻Σ
ҶЦͨĻҾͺ㻻ˣħϣ׻ǺĴڡ
Ѫ¹ɴȻʧЦθڻǴ󣬽ɺҪ֮ûк֮ۼٶƬҲ޷ħֽΡ
ħŲѪ¹ԨԴֻһƬֱħŴҪˣѵ᲻Ѫ¹ӡҶ쳶
Ѫ¹ɴҡͷһ̾ΪɵĴˣĸ¡
ǺǣҶЦ
Ѫ¹ɴ˿Ҷ첻ͬ⽻ɫ΢΢ɣû֣ҶѾ˵ھŲġħ塷򲻹Ҳ㹻ˡ
ߣǶ̫󣬿϶ˣʱΣա
ǵýѪ¹ɴ˳Ƭ̣˼ʲôܴҶ졣
˼˰죬ҲҲʲôҶ콻Ҫ֪ҪҶ춼Ը֮˵Ķˡ
ǣѪ¹ɴ̧ͷҶ죬̾벻ʲô㽻ҪԼ˵
Ҷʮħ۵ʬ
Ѫ¹ɴԷ˷ۣҡͷΪħŵĴʦ֣ҲֻħʬһˣôܵõֱһħʬҲѪ¹ɳҵġ
Ҷüͷ˵˵Ҫҵ޷ͬȵֲʵ벻ʲôɺ㽻
𣿡Ѫ¹ɴ۾΢΢һ̶˵㶼ѡħ塷˵ھŲ㣬ҪһЩǺõģħŴ˵ݣͰѡħ塷˵ʮ㡣һǿ幦ȡħ塷Ҫ˵ҵɵʮ㡶ħ塷İ취
ʲôȻȡħ塷ҪҶЩȵˡ͡ս塷⣬ѵиǿ幦
ǴԺպġǻĹԱȡħ塷ǿѪ¹ɴ˻˵
Ҷһ㶣ܿ治ɫʵȫ𣿡
Ѫ¹ɴ˰һۣЦȫֻдԺУôܵõѪ¹ֻСǰʮ㡣
Ҷźҡҡͷ˵Ҫȫġҿ㽻ǽǰʮ㣬ô˵˵ѶȺܴ˹ֻ˷ҵʱ䡣
ϻԼǰʮġԺ󻹻õȫģȻҪֶ
Ѫ¹ɴ΢΢ЦڻĽ˵ȷѣǶҽ˵ȴҪࡣ
ŶΪΣҶ
Ѫ¹ɴЦΪҽӵħޣħ޵Լӿٶȣֻǰʮġҿ϶ҲѡŹ
Ҷħ޵ôô󣬴Ժ˿϶͵͵ҽˣôỹûȥ
ǺǣѪ¹ɴ԰ȻЦ͵͵ҲֻһЩ֮ĵӣǿߣǲ͵͵ǱġֵͼĵӣֻץȡһЩ֮ĵͼħޣӰ첻󡣡
˵Ѫ¹ɴЦʮͷħʬ壬һ߼ħ⣬㹻ѡ߲㡣
Ҷ𶯣ħ⣬ôȷܴ󣬸˵߼ħ⡣
ҶûϴӦǵ˵ټһǷ͵ġ
̫̰ˣѪ¹ɴ΢΢ü
ƬҶЦſѪ¹ɴˣ˵һƬںϳ׻ҲǿһЩ
һƬ׻˵Ҳǿ˶Ѫ¹ɴҡҡͷ漴ǵ˵ͷ˵ãɽ
˵꣬Ѫ¹ɴóǰʮ㡶Ĺʮͷħʬ壬ԼһȭͷС߼ħ⣬һѪɫսףһһҶ졣
Ҷһ飬ȷ󣬱óʮ˿ħֵƬѪ¹ɴˡ
ӣ죡
ɺҶѸٷɱ뿪
ΪѪ¹ɴ˻ᷭ
ʵϣѪ¹ɴ˻ҪҪںϳһ׻һҪָƣֻؿҶȥ
˼ļһѪ¹ɴһЦ漴ȥ


һǧ˰ʮ ʮ
ͨϵ壬Ҷһ·۵ֿǳصһ۵ĽҵлָƵı塣
ʱҶıҲ۾˷ܡ
ͨ꣬Ҷ干˱˴˵ļ䣬Ȼ֪ħεľ޴ջ
ǰʮġҶ˵ǸƷֱӾͱˡ
ǼεѪɫսףҶħˣϾûлսԶڱ塣
Ҷ˵ҪĻʮͷħʬ壬һȭͷС߼ħ⡣
׬ˣҶ˷֮ɫ
ʮͷħʬ壬ټһ߼ħ⣬ЩӦ㹻ʮ˰ɡ
Ҷ쵱ȲؿʼտЩħ⣬ҽʼ棬ʼʮġ
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ǲ
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̫ǿˣ
Ҷоӵʹ˶۷״̬
ǵʮĲǰδеǿ
ˣҶ漴ϥ¡
ʮ֮磬Ҫ͸ΣغǿغԺ֮·
֮Ƕ׷ǿĹΪԽǿ͵ĸԽǿ
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˭֪Ĺ֮ʲôԵҶ쵱ȻŹᣬħֿǰĹ֮
Ĺʱ򣬷Ѿۼˣ½ЩںˣҲ


һǧ˰ʮ Ѫ
֣
磡
֣
Ҷħ˶ϲɫк
Ҷɨһۣµķӡңֻ½õˣͶźɱţ֪һ·ûʲôΣա
ңӣȻջܴ
ǴСĵ㣬ԶһݶӵˡҶѵ
źæͷ֪Ѿ˵ˣЩһﾹȻõ׻ҪǴನɱˡ
磬ʵҲõ˻ɣһԵ½档
ҶƳһۣ漴Է˵ģҹȥˣСĵ㣬Ĺп϶Σأ½һ㡣
˵꣬Ҷ㲻ǣĹſȥ
Խſߣ˱Խ࣬ҶͷųһǿűһЩˣߵ롣
ȵĹſ˷ˣΪܹ˵أҲžŴʳ̫ӵʵֻʮ˰ˡ
ҶȥˣŴʳ̫ӣɵĴˣĴˣ硢͹ħˡ
УһЩİӰȴ͸ϤϢȻԴԺ
ۣ磬ʲô֣ħһ󿪿ѯʵ
ۿһۣĬĬضĹľʯŹۿһɫġħԻɢޱɭϵĹâ
ӣһŭ棬֪ۺǿڿԿģˡ
Χ˶һ֮ɫҲԼ˭ʻۣ֪
ʱҶڹۿĹķģΪǿ߶赲⣬ɼŵķжôǿ
ΣڵĴ˿˵Щħӡǿ̻ɣһܹٻħ۵һƻ
Ѫ¹ɴ˵˵ͷ
һʱ⻹Ҫô
ǿħۣһƻҲܹɱˡ
ǺǣȻħ۵ĻʵӦòǺǿĻǱ˵ȥˣֻҪ¶һɱǡԹİһЦ
Թţ˵Ĳħ۵һǺǿֻǺͬһ硣ڴʱһЦԶ
˷׷תͷȥɵ¶֮ɫ
ӡܣ
ӡܹһˣûдӡǵˡ
ʳ̫ӳȵӡܣ㵽˭ô֪ôࣿ
ӡܵһЦ˵˭ҪҪ֪δţҪ뿪˵أǵõħ۵ĻԵҪš
ƾʲôҪ㣿Ц
ӡܵǾԿǺһҲţҲûá
䣡
ڴʱһ촫ǳض𶯡
ֻԶֳħ֣ݺݵغĹĴ棬ȴ˿
˼״ʱɫ䡣
۵ʵΣǷǳģһеħֻ׻ΣеħֶҪǿ
Ի۵ʵټһǿ׻Ȼ޷ţ¾ټҲûá
ħŴ˵ӡܺȵҪβܴţ
ѪΪħΪţֻ֮ӣܵõħ۵ϿɣӡӡսĻʲô˼ڳĶӢܣԼɡӡЦ
Ѫ
ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ΣȻӡܵĻ
ȺУҶæ˴뿪˵أ
ߣźҶĴٽӡܿеѪתӡ
Ҳ½Ѹˡ
ͬʱİһħİޡ󣬻ɵĴˣĴˣǷ׷׳Χ˳֡
һʱ䣬ҽѪɺӡ
Щ˵ѪҺȻŵİۣĹţʹôɢʵѪ⡣
ãħŴϲ֮ɫɵٴγֻɱΧɢޡ
ЩɢޣŴʳ̫µʧҲܴΪ͹ħ磬ԼˣɲںǾŴʳ׷׶µ֡
ס֣ŭ
Ǻǣ˶࣬һЩɣЦ
ȻޱȾ޴ħֱŴʳľŸ̫Ӽ˳ЯſֲܣΧǿߡ
ȥ־Ŵʳ̫ӾۼһͷƯ޴ħ֣׻Ρ
ǾŸһȻˣħŴɫһ䣬һӾŴʳ̫һЩƬû뵽ԷѾںϳ׻ô


һǧ˰ʮ 
Ŵʳľλ̫ӾȻŽںϳ׻ʵǳ˵֮⡣
ǻʳ̫ӣСħİ޳һ䣬Ȼɱ˹ȥͬһ׻ƥ
ǺǣİһҲˣһ͹ħжԵǣȻͰһɱ˹ȥ
һҲһ׻֣ס˾Ŵʳľλ̫ӡ
Ҵɱʱˣ󿴵λ̫ӱסˣʱɱڵŴʳʱһƬѪ⽦
ΧˣҽĴ˲ԾŴʳ˳֣ЩԹ硢ħ硢ˣȴǷ׷׳֣Ŵʳɱ˺ܶࡣ
ȺУҶûгɱˣı壬ħɢһǿϢЩǿ߲Ҷ֡
ɵĴ˺ĴˣȻûжԾŴʳ˳֣ȴҲûеֵ硢ħ硢ˡȻԼöԾŴʳ˳ֵȴԽ˶֣һǾŸ̫ӳȥˣҲǣհ
ʱţȥԽԽ࣬ĹĴŷ·ѪȾһѾͨѪɫֻʣһɫġħ֣âޱȹ졣
ӡʱ˵λְͣɣѪѾˡ
ĻҲͣˡ
ޱҪҲ˷ʱ;ȥɱˡ
ֻоŴʳ̫ɫѿӡܵĿɱ⡣
Ϊ̶Ƭ֮䣬µѾˣԭƺƴǣѾ¼ҹһ
Ÿ̫ѾǾۼһ𣬴߶׻ƵҲСû˸ǡ
ӡܣôɫɭؿӡܺȵ
ڶӡܺܲˬΪӡĽȴʧأŭ
Ǻǣܼ򵥣ǿҵģӡ΢΢һЦ漴Ĺ˶۾š
ӡĹѪɫǰƣĸֳһħ֣ɢǿϢȻҲһ׻
ôܣɫһ䣬ţûЩôħ֣
ħ۴ӡӡսģӡһ仰ѳҭסˡ
ӡܴ߶еħ֣Ѫɫš
һ̣ѪɫϵĺɫħַһɫĹӡ˶ֽȥȻӡܱźɫһʧˡ
ãһȽȥˣһ
ۡҲ׷״߶ħ֣ɫ֣Ĺ֮ڡ
ǿߣҲѧһĹ
Ҷ壬Ҳ߶ħֽȥˡ
Ҷȥ֮ɫʱ䣬Ϊеħֶʧˡ
Χˣȫֿտգɫ䣬ȻҲʧȥħ֡
ô£
ҵħأ
˭ҵħ֣

һҡ
ҶܣǴ˿һĹ֮УĹľͷһ¹
ӡǼһأŭ
ŷӦûӡܵӰ
ҶɨΧһֻۣмʮˣȻЩ⣬˶ûħ֣޷˵ء
ֻһ·һħŴһĹľͷȥ
ҲĹȥҲֻ·
ڳ˵ɫÿΪͻȻԼ˾ͺһһӡˡ
ӡܣĹһһˣ²ô򵥰ɣҶа롣
ΪԷûħĹôô˽⣿ϴģôΪʲôǰӡ˲֪ˣҪȵӡܽ
ƺӡܹħĹ˽һֱڣ·һ֣ڡ
ڳ˶һӢܣȻҲ뵽Щһأɫ治ɫ
ӡܣȻڴˣʱǰͻȻŭ
˷׷׼ӿŲ
Ĺľͷͨһ¹ܴһСǡ
ڹ룬һ޴Ķ¯ӡܴʱڶ¯棬ڣ֪Щʲô
ڶ¯ĲԶһţããһƬ֪ͨ
¡¡ʱڲϵع¯óˣȴ޷¯
һҲˣȻǿʵȻҲ޷亳
ħŴҲһԣѪ¹ɵĴȴߵˣһ͵׻ǵʵҲ׻Ʋˡ
ӡܣ˵ɣ㵽˭ԲĹһһô򵥣Ѫ¹ɴ۾Ŷ¯еӡܡ


һǧ˰ʮ ӡս
Ѫ¹ɴ˵Ļһ¶¯еӡܡ
ǲǰ׳գ;ӡܹޱˡ
˭¯УӡſЦޱȵ⣬һʤߵ̬Цµ񣬸ҲûʲôˣҵȷӡܣҲӡһˣӡҵڣħµӡս
һʱ𺳡
ҽˣ˼顣
ⲻܡӡսˣӡҵˣ֮𣿡ŵ˵
ôӡЦǹģȥǸӡսֻҵǰʬѣҵ꣬һֱӡҼдУÿһһӡܡˣ˱ңҵת֮塣
ʲôҪô㵱һλߣôԸһΪתޣѪ¹ɴɻ
ǺǣʲôӡܿѪ¹ɴˣЩԳЦ͵Ѫ¹ɵھֻħѷһеЩϲģɶߣҵȻûħɽӡսѪ¹ǰһֻ϶ѡ
˵ӡɿŴʳ̫ӣɵĴˣĴˣԳǣϹɶǱҵǿˡ
Ҳģ
ӡͻȻŭҲģΪħսЩɺʹļҲҪͿһսǵħ֮ǼʸûУǺǣЩǰϥˣ񶼿ңףΪʵ
ϧҵʲѾǶˣҪͻƵǿ߾磬ֻѡƶ֮ǿ
ӡܿŶ¯Χ̶Ц֪¯ʲôħۻûʱ֮ʱõġ
Ծ
ӡܿǰ𾪵ףԵ÷ǳ⣬ЦħĹʵħһ˵ģȻĵϵħţħĲأħţԲŽĹ´У׼ٶһˣӶҽ𡣡
ȺУħŴɫ΢΢һ䡣
ӡЦ˵ӡŬһȴʼ޷ƽĹǾʮһΪҪ̫ǿһ֣ܽƳӡң֮⣬˸֧ŲסħֵĹҶһ˸ƽ⣬Ҳ޷Ĺ
⣬ѪҲǾʮһĹӡҵȻ٣ҿɲѪǣҾͳ˹¼ҹһˣǺǣһûô顣
ӡ˵Ѿˡ
Ȼ˵û취ֻܷųϢˡҽ磬ԼĽľӢټһȺʮ֮㹻Ѫƽʮһػˡ
žžž
Ѫ¹ɴƣɫޱʣǾʣôˣȫŪڹ֮Уǵӡս
СѾͷ̫ȻǣҲջ񣬲𣿡ӡܹһЦ漴ָԱߵһ˵ͨǾͿ뿪ħĹˣȻҲţȵҴø֮󣬽硣
һвӣһݣӡĽ磬һǰħ۵ĸģôʵ϶ֲޱȣڳܹ⡣
ôķŹǣǳȥĵ·ָŹţЦ
ӡƳһۣߵûôҪŹ㣬Ͼ㵱ңҪĻұ֤ɱϾǾŴʳıҲͽվż߶ѣҿɲǡֻɺ壬ҼɵҿɲǵˡѪ¹ɵڣʵɲ⣬Ҷħ۵Ĺ֮УҲɱҡ
ӡܣ֮ǰõħأѪ¹ɴȵ
ӡܵЦħħ۵ıҲҵıǱˣܹһѾǸˣ̫ôߡ
㡭Ѫ¹ɴԴŭҧҧֻһŭͨ뿪ˡ
˳ӳһƷڶ¯ǰȤضŶ¯еӡܣ˵һûۣûл֮ͬ䣬ûҵĶ֣ǳġȻħ۵ķ˸ôкһսʸƣ糩ͨ裬ʲôʱҵһս
˵꣬۴Żһˣӹ֮뿪ˡ
˼۶ˣҲͲپ׷ͨ뿪ˡ
ֻʣҶı廹ǰȥӡܾɵĿУ˵ϵơ


һǧ˰ʮ ˲ħ

Ҷ쿴еƣֻһöͨƣš֣ͷģԵú¡
Ŀ糩ͨ裿Ҷ̧ͷ¯еӡܡ
ӡһ㶣漴˵ͷ˵ǡӵöƾǻĹžһĹԻĹžһƣ˭ҪöƵһӣȻԳͨ衣
˼Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴
ӡɫһ䣬ʲô
ǿǻ۸ƣȻҶˣ棬̫ɶ˰ɡ
ǺǣҶ绹ǺòţøҰɡҶЦǺ˵
ӡͫһ۾Ҷ죺Сӣ㵨ӲС㵽˭磿ħ磿ǻĽ磿
ԺҶ죡ڣҶҲˣЦǺ˵
ӡߵԺһûĵطܹʲôţƾҲһս
𣿡Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴ƣĳһħ֣ɢǿϢȻһ׻
ʲôӡܼ״ŵðš
䣡Ҷ͵ش߶ħ֣ǰĶ¯ײȥʱö¯ӡֻоͷðǣѪ
ħôỹУӡܾŭӵغ
ҶЦЦҵĶȻУѲɻ
ⲻܣӡŭǽĹˣϵħȫᱻĹڵߣôס
ǺǣҶЦħסħ֣ӵл֮ӡǺӡǣڹؼʱѹסħ֣ס׻
䣡Ҷ߶еħ֣׻˿ֲܣϵغŶ¯ӡܽѪ
֣֣ͣͣӡܴȥ㲻ҲҪ߻ħˣϾڴҪͷ
䣡䣡䣡Ҷ첻ϵغ¯ЦΪʲôҪ֣ͣһɣ
ͣӡٴһѪҧȵٲ֣ͣ׼Զɡ
˵꣬ԱߵĹʧˡ
Ҷ״üͷһ壬ɵջħ֡
Ҷ죬ֻҿȥɱңͻᱻԶڴ˵أȷҪͬھ𣿡ӡһɫ˵
в𣿡ҶЦ
ӡܳʲôҪ
û취̫ˣû뵽Ҷסеħ֣һһ׻ѾвòҶЭ
ȸңĹȺɢޣ׼ôҶʵ
ӡ¶һ˿죬˵һȺϣһûпǹǣΪūͰɣҲ߻ӳȥ
ڽǷߣҶ˵
ӡ㲻ǴԺôҽ˵İΣ
ûϵҶ쵭˵ֻ˰ˣ˵Ųں
ãӡܵ˵ͷ漴۾һâ²òͷֻҶġ
Ƭ̣ӡ۾˵濪һЩţ㹻Щ˳ȥˡ
˵꣬ӡԱ߿һţ˵ѾӦҪڿԳȥ˰ɣ
ǺǣҶ¶Цݡ
ӡɫʲô˼
ΪҵҪô򵥣ҶЦһ漴˵ߵЩħֶҡ
ⲻܣӡܷ·𱻲β͵èŭħҵģ
䣡ҶֱӴ߶еħ֣Ŷ¯ȥ
ӡܶʱŭӣħֱˣֻܼ򵥵ؿһ󷨣ҪõЩħ֣ҽ߾УʱҲƿ󷨡
ģҶ֣֮ͣɫ
ӡܷȻƭʲôҪܹЩħ֣Ըˡ
Ҷ첻÷Цһ漴ǰĶ¯˻˵ħ۵δģʲô
ⶦ¯ע⣬ѾڿʼˣҺҲûãֻһɢӡߵ
ϻ˵Ҷȵ
СӣҼסˣҶҪȥĽ㣡ӡɱصҶһۣ漴ߵħ۴ﵽʮ֮ʱıħѨıƳһħʥ˲ħϸ
˵ӡźûħѨû취ħʥħ˴У¯棬ֻҪվžŰʮһ꣬ͬԴ˲ħָ


һǧ˰ʮ 뿪֮ս
ħʥ˲ħ
ҶһħѨǷҲƳħʥ˲ħħ۵ӵһĸ
ò˵ջ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ħȻˣȲϻۣ֪ħǻ֮ǿߣȴ⣬˭˵Լܹսʤħۣ
뵽ҶʱЩɫؿӡܣ˵㽫ħʥķҡ
ôҲħѨӡԼ
ûУԺҲûСҶ쵭˵
ӡҡͷЦħѨ̫ϡˣ߽Ҳδҵһ˵ҵʱ㶼ѾˣҪҲûá
Ҫҷϻħʥķң뿪˵ءҶ˵
ӡߵãҸ㣡
˵꣬һƬʯ飬ƣɫ˸ҶõУʱ洫Ϣ
ħʥ˲ħҶԽԽľ
ӡûƭȷħʥķҶû뵽ҪħʥȻҪħѨħѨȫ˲ħϸ
ȻЩ󣬵˲ħȷ
һӵ˰˲ħܹƾӵС˲ħ츳ͨͨǿޱȣ߾磬ܹӵа˸ң˸ͱһӵкͱ൱ʵ
뿴ͬ׵ĸʱ㱾Ӱ˸һ֣Էһоţôܴù㣿
ħǿͨɨͬײΣưҽ硣
ֻǿϧʵ̫ǿˣ߽ս
ǿĸǿͨҶ˲Ķ
Ȼ˵ħѨǳǱҲܴ󣬵ħѨɳҪԴ̫ˡ
ħѨҪɻԭʯܽڽʮ֮磬Ѿ˰ԭʯˣҪǽ磬Ҫǧԭʯ
棬߾磬ҪʮڡڻԭʯҶʲô
ңҶӵôĻԭʯͿ԰Լʵˡ
⣬ҶɵʮġʵͬǿޱȣѾԶԶħѨ˺սԱȵ˵ˡ
ԣҶħʥ˲ħǷǳʺĵ·
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ħ۱ħѨΪ뱾壬ħʥǳ˺ܶͷҶħҪˣֳɵħѨҪ뱾壬ֱӾͿħʥ
ƽ̹ͨǿߵĵ·ҶɵˣŻ᲻ѡ
ǣҶҲûӡܣ߽˹֮УʧĹڡ
Ҷȥӡűף˿µ˵һˣû뵽Ȼסħ֣ݻôĲãվҳɹˡ
˵ӡܵЦħƾ˲ħЦҽ磬ӡҲӵضɨҽ磬ư硣ңұħҪãһûлǿߣԺضӡܵʱ

ˢ
Ҷʱ򣬷ɳĮֱӴԽ֮ƬڰɳĮ
ûҶпãǰ㴫һƺвǰս
ΪˣҶͨҲϵħ˴˹˼䣬ʱǰ淢顣
ԭǰЩ˴ħĹг󣬾ͱ˴˷˴ս
͹ħͷûħĹԵڣͶˣ˴˴þ춯أȫ֡
ҽЩҲûţǲ磬ȴԻĽ֡ԺλʦѾʶݣΪħĹ֮¶ǿʵǿʵȴû֤ݣֲҶħֱҽľѧȻʶˡ
ˣѾ뿪ˣ˶Ͼ̫ǿˣû˸Ҳס
Щ䣬Ҷ첢ûмǰ˸طǱ
ħǰעţʱԴϢ
ֵһǣŷ޻ںͶġ˵ھŲ㣬ʵʱǿࡣ
ܵ˶¼崫ˡռ崫ˡڴ˺Ѫ¹ɴĴҽ۷ǿߵΧɴ·硣
ѩ仪ܵ˾Ŵʳ̫ӡħŴˡѪħڴˡԵ崫ˡ˵ʮ˵ΧѾ
Ҷ첻ڳȥԮԭ򣬱ҪЩɱѩ仪ˣʡ鷳ϾͬǴԺˣѩ仪ǿҲԼֻ֣ܽ赶ɱˡ
ңӣѩ仪Ѿֲ˶ˡ


һǧ˰ʮ նɱѩ仪
澫ʰȫǶǿߡ
û뵽Ժǿ߻в٣Ǹŷ޻ڣ̫ǿˣȻһ˾͵ס˶¼崫˺ڴˡ

ɳĮ֮һȺڲԶ֡
ҶħȺҵˣ½źˣǺŴħĹ֮гġ
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ʱҲҶ죬æЦŹк
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ħ֮Уźƾֱӽʮ֮磬ʡȴ˴ѵʱ䡣⣬ħĹڵõԭʯ㹻ˡ
źǰֻһɢޣǽ磬ֻҲ̱ܹʮկԼܿһưһˡ
Ƕźǰ붼ġ
ˣźǳмҶ죬ϾûҶγֵĻˣﻹлų
½ҲջС½ӾŽ֮ʮ֮ȻûΪȴõ˲ٻԭʯ㹻ˡ
˵ħĹгˣٶһЩôһЩΪˣʮ֮磬ĺô
෴Ŵʳ̫ӡɴЩ۷ǿߣõĺôȴҪٺܶ࣬ϾΪҪڵõЩԭʯĴ˵ֵһᡣ
Ψһĺôħ֣ǵħֶĹ󷨸ˣ˵Ƿǳıߡ
Ѫ¹ɴ˵ھͷǳŭΪķѾ޴۴ҶﻻƬںϳ׻׷һ򣬻ķôĴֱۣѪ
ڷŭѪ¹ɴˣȫŭйǰĴԺϣռ崫ֹ죬Ƕġﵽ˵ھŲ㣬ǳǿ󣬿¾Ҫ˸ɱˡ
ڣҲǺܺãֻǿֵϾŷ޻ڻѷһ
Ȼŷ޻ںͶ죬ѩ仪Ͳˡ
ѩ仪ΪȻҲΪʮ֮𣬵ǵĹȴûͻƣԾŴʳ̫ӺѪħڴˡħŴˡʮǿΧʱΣأ
壬֣ڴʱѪ¹ɴ˷һڿֵҶħʱŭȵ
˵ģڿҶͺ񣬼κҶ콻ףԿˣҶõ˾޴ĺô
ڣģҶȴڿ֣Ȼ޷ˡ
ϣҶ΢΢һЦȻ֪Ѫ¹ɴ鲻ˬûм֣ǳ˽սȺ
Сģ
Сģ
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ǺǣõңҶ˰֣ȻֱӴ߶ھŲġħ塷һǿϢʱֱֲħȫ£еһ޵ħ
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Ժĵӣһɫأ͸ˣҽǿ߱Ҫöࡣ
ѩ仪֣۾ˣΪҶǳ
ѩ仪ܵλ̫ӺħŴˡ˵ĹѾˣڿҶλǿɱ˲;ˡ
ѵѩ仪Ҫڴ˵𣿡
һҪŷ޻ڣҲǴԺǿĵӡ

ѩ仪ŭ֮ɫ
ȻħŴ˴߶ʮħɱѪԱߵĲ˳ûıһѪۣλʳ̫ɱǽѩ仪ɳȥ
ѩ仪ڰѪɣոǿֹסΣһߴͬħһӰѾǰһȭ
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ۣ
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ѩ仪Ҳһ˵ǵҶĶ֣˵Ա߻λǿΧ
Ҷҵһᣬȭͷ䴩ѩ仪塣
˸㣬ֽҶ죬ǺǣʱһЦЩѩ仪Ҷڸ
㡭ѩ仪˲ɴ۾Ҷ죬š
ȻѾˣҶ߶ʮħ١ѩ仪նɱ
λõԺĴʦ֣վС


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һǧ˰ʮ Ҷ
ǰ֪ɱԼҶ죬ѩ仪˵ʵһޱȲ̵ϢҪ̡
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Ҷɱѩ仪֮ǰѩ仪ǼһսףǱϴѪɫսֻܶ࣬ͨĻ
ӦǽҽǰõԺ͸ѩ仪ġҶ찵뵽
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ŷ޻ںͶ죬һ츳һݲÿ˶һһǲܼôá
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ңѩ仪Ǳߵѹ͸ˡ
壬ĳδ̫ѿ˰ɣ
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ħŴҲˬõҶ죬ϾҶħţʦֵܡ
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˵Цѩ仪ɱģĶȻҵսƷⲻǺѵ㶺𣿡Ҷһؿˡ
ŭǽشܹɱ
ΣɱˣսƷȻңǲáҶЦ
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ҶħæˣħŴǺ˿϶ǴԺǿӣϽɱԾ󻼡
Ҷħ˵ЩʱҶıȴ·ɱǱߣΪƺˣͿҪֲסˡ

Ŵʳ̫ӣѪħڴˡħŴˣһʮһλǿߣʱȫһɱҶ챾塣
Ȼһ˲䣬ʮһˣȫɳȥһѪ硣
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ͬʱѾ˺ħսףǺħսףסڱȥĽɫԡ
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Ŵʳ̫ӣħŴˡѪħڴˣЩҽյǿ߼Ȼһ˸ˡ
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ԶѪ¹ɵĴ˿ҶϵĽɫâʱһŵ˵Ժһ˶֮⣬Ȼ˰ѡ̶ֳȣ㵽˭
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ΪϳҶ졣
ҶҲûأ֮һŰѲ˲˵档̧ͷһ˫ɫӣ޾⣬˶͸һɿֲ׵ǿϢ
Ҷ죡
漴ƬɳĮ


һǧ˰ʮһ 
Ҷ죡
ڳ˵һǳİ֣ǰû˵
ǣһ̣˶μס֣Ҳˡ
ΪУҶǰӰʵ̫ˣҲˡ
Ҷ죬ġѵѾԶɴ۾š
ŷ޻ƽҲ貵ĹâԵļȵĲƽ
ȺУһͷڿ֣Ҷʱʱ֮ͣɫ
Ҷ죿һôôǿ󣿡ͷǶٰģܶԺĵݱ¶ˣȴһֱصĺܺá
ԲۣҾ֪ûһȻ˴Ժˡ漴˷ǰύҶ죬ʵ֤ⲽ߶ˡ
ų޵ӰҶ죬ѣŷ޻ںͶ춼ҶĶˡ
ɱ
ħŴ˷ŭĺ
ħŴˣҽǧǰʮĴڣһ֣Ȼǰ֮˵Ķ֣ʵһ衣
ѪħڴҲŭˣоŴʳ̫ӣʮˣٶȳ֣߶ԵĻɱҶ졣
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ǲһߣѪħڵ·ҲҶѪɣɺѪҺȾ׵ĳȹλޱȡ
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ݣ
ڴʱһƥļ⣬˺ʱգĺճҶɱ
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䣡
ҶӶȭʸһûȭͷκ˺ۣŲͬ˲һ㣬ڶԱߣѪ¹ɴ˺ȥ
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䣡Ҷ߶˫ⱬ䣬ֱӻӶȭӲɱ˳Ѹռ崫ߣһȭֱ۶ˡ
Ѫ¹ɴ˿Ԯ֮ȻҶѪˣҶĶ֡
ȥ֧ԮǣԶ¼崫Ϣǣһסŷ޻ڣԱߵڴ˺ȵ
ڴ˵˵ͷȻͳҶǱߡ
ŷ޻ڿǰһ˵Ĺ¶崫ˣǳһĨЦ̫ˣ
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һ̣Χ˶ȻʧɫֻʣҶһ˹âɡ


һǧ˰ʮ һ
ɳĮУһƬš
˱ŷ޻ѹƵĶ¼崫֮⣬ʣµҽ綥ǿߣȫҶһ˴ˣ޵еΰˣڳ˶ݡ
͹ħǱߣֹͣÿ˿ҶĿ⣬˾ɺͲš
Ҷ죿ûôôǿ
̫ˣмȰһͰ޶١
ԺѾûܶôǿߣһλʦ֮һŰ

ڳ۷׷ף𺳡
ȺУ˷֮ɫҶ죬ֱ̫ˣԺ˭СǴԺ
Զɴ۾֮ɫǰλ޵еţǸżԺõСʦ
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ǸУһһ࣬һ˫ӣ˸͸Ĺâ
ǿ߽ڣҶƳе۷塣
ҽһȺӢɫǳѿҽȻϲ硢ħ磬һֱΪԼԶĽ磬ȻҲһֱַĽ߽һԺţͺɨһʵ̫ˡ
ڳռ崫ˡѪ¹ɴˡڴ˵ȵȣһҽǿţԶǺųµǿߡ
ڣԵҶʱȴеΪԷʵ̫ǿˣһɾС
߰ɣҵ󣡡
Ҷһ˫ɫӻΧȻŷ޻ںͶ촫
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ߣ¼Ĵ˷ŭŷ޻ѹôãǳڶԷ˵뿪뿪ộ
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Ϊսʤһ𣿡
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֪ҽĿռƺܴ֮޷УҪ˺ѿռ䣬ǵӵС
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˶µǿߣԶ˴˵Ĺ˵ʮ㣬ÿһһԶӵĪܣһشŴʳ̫ǿߡ
ǼҲɱսÿһжӲӲغռ飬ôϳһµѺۡ
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𣡡ҶսḻܿץסʱشúѪɳȥ


һǧ˰ʮ 
ʲôȻǡʮ˷ħ֡
ޱҶܣҶʹõĻǹġʮ˷ħ֡ڳĹǿߣһڣȫޱȡ
һߣħһǿ߾ɫأҶʵѾôǿˣʹáʮ˷ħ֡Ծѧ˵һ޴в
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Զ޲ǵѪҺضŰһǹֶΣȻֶ쵽Ժȥˡ
Ҳ֪˵ʲô
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Ҷɫأȫ߶Խҫ۶Ŀ䡣
䣡
ûжķϻҶͰһһȭ˴ˣǿһ͵ر˷ϯȥ
ΧĵȫƷˣɳĮ𶯲
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ҲڹսҲ֪ǲĿѹơս塷
ҶͰһ÷ǳңǰһֱǲʤֱһ֮Ҷ¶ƣʼռϷ硣
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ܣҵġս塷ǿ幦һ˻ʵӣԼ徹ȻҶ졣
ȻʵˣҶġ̫ǿˣѾˣÿһǿðһӽ
ۣ
һйȥˣһѪɫ԰ֽҪֲסˣ϶Ѻۣ·ʱһ
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һҧЩʵؿҶһۣ漴תߡ
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ҶҲûһȻǲಢôԣȻҲúͶԷ˼ˡοΧǿ߻
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Ҷ죬ǴԺ˸ҽ磬ֱħŵĴЦ
Ҷ죬ǿվֻһˡʳ̫ӳЦ
һѹ棬ѾҺܲˬˣҲڿڶѹ档ԣҶ죬ȥɣɭЦ

ҽǿߺ͹ħǿ߾Ȼˡ
ҶɫʱЩ˾ֻ࣬ǵĴڣٶ࣬Ҳ޾塣Ͼ־磬ܴӮġ
ҽź͹ħŶǳһһɱ󣬾ۼ˼еȫӳơ
ǹħһ޵ʵǿټʮŵ֮ѾвҶˡ
ҽǱȻűȹħ߲һЩʤ࣬ƣɱ֮ͬС
ɣ
ȻԶ٣
ΧȺУս˫ȭҧгݡ¶棬Ͼʵһ¶ݣɡ
Ҷ죬ȥɣѪ¹ɴŭȵ
ȻʵڳǿģѪ¹ҽǿɱΪģΧ˶ڸʵﵽǿ
ȻѪ¹ɴ˻֮׼ɱҶ֮ʱһӰȻ󷨣ıݺݵغȥ
ʱѪ¹ɴ˴ѪҲ˲
壡
ҽһǿߣȫҧгݵؿŻѪ¹ɴ˵ǵӰг𾪺Ͳţޱߵķŭ


һǧ˰ʮ ŭ
ͻȻ֣Ѫ¹ɴˣҽһ󷨱ˣҶħ塣
ΪҶǱҽһӣħһֱûб¶ݣûֻ֪Ҷһڹؼʱ̳֣һٳɹ
ûҽһвҶı˲֣Ӳס˹ħһĹңҶ쿪ʼ밢ٴμսǿƻɱ
ҽ͹ħϣҶ׾ٵ߽⣬ΧĿɿڴһŵӡ
壬ͽħŴ˳Ҷħŭ
壡Ѫ¹ɴҧгݵص壬ϵѪɫڸղŵһ֮бҶħ飬¶һգ˿žȴ˷ŭ
Ҷħ˵һģȴˣֱ
һȺԶɫŭҽȺʧˣղлԿشҶ졣
治˼鰡Ѫħڴ·Ҷħһ˫У˲š
ΧҽҲ¶ݺͲ˼顣
֣
磡
ǰɣ
ź½ˣҲɴ۾𾪡
Ҳһ㶣û뵽ؼʱ̣Ȼһҽǿﷴˣʵ̫Ϸ绯ˡ
ԣ㲻ҽˣ
ڴʱڴⶸȻɫԣҶħϣ¶һϢͬɫһƴޱߣԱߵҶһģһ
㣡
ڴͫһŵصҶ챾塣
еֶΣȻ㷢ˡֻҵһ߷ѡҶһû뵽ڴӵֶΣѾҪħټǱˣԱЦųϣͬʱҲħ
һҽǿԣɫޱѿ
ôӢܣȻҶˣôãԷһֱǵƤǱţȴûз֡
ħŴˣͨ죬ҪҶħţֱҪЦ
Ѫ¹ɴˣһ˫ѾŷŭĻ棬ûð޷ŭѾյ߽ȥˣ˵Ťû
Ҹȫġħ壡
Ҹʮħ١
Ҹħʬ
Ҹʮͷħʬ壬һ߼ħ⡣

Ѫ¹ɴһ뵽Щ۾ԽˣɫҲͨޱȣһѪ߻ħ
ܹ󵽣Ҷ֮ôǿ϶һݹͣһǺܴĹ͡
ǰʯͷԼĽţ˷۱
Ҷ죡
Ѫ¹ɴ˷һŭ̲סˣ˵壬ҲҪǿɱҶ졣
ħӡҶĮس֣һָ㴩Ѫ¹ɴ˵ļըѿ
ҶһźѪ¹ɴ˺ɳȥú߿Ѫ϶Ѻۡ
ⲻҶ̣˫ͬӪעǵˣݲ顣οԷҲҪɱҶվŸɱ
ɱ
¼崫˴ȵ񽣳ʣΪһ壬Ϊһ񽣣ɢƥķâҶնɱ
ݣ
ռ崫Ҳˣ乭׼Ҷ죬ȻΪһɫĹͬһ㣬˺ѳգϮɱҶ졣
䣡
ڴɫޱ࣬Χ䣬ͬһɫ̫ȵ潫ΧĿռ䶼յŤЯƥܣҶѹ
Ϊҽһǿһ֣ʮǿòԶİ޶΢΢Ŀ
ȻҶ쿴ǲһ߶ʮġֱӺ˹ȥʩչʮħ١ǿߵĹȫ顣
ҶǿƳѪɣھԵϷ磬ֱ޵С
ͣ
ԶѪ¹ɴ˿Ҷáʮħ١شҽǿߣʱٶѪ˶Ϳˣ˻ɱҶ졣
ȥ㲻Ķ֣ħŴæסϾԨԴѪ¹ɴȥ
ҪɱѪ¹ɴŭû֪ҶĽףû֪еŭжô޴
ģɣʱ򣬳ͻȻ¶Цݵ˹һɨ֮ǰǷϣҶĿ⣬·ڿһˡ
ƺ֤˳ĻһǿϢͻȻɳĮϯء

ɫʱһ䣬ܹӵƣ϶ˡ
ؿҶ죬Цǳˣѷɣɡ
ħŴˡѪ¹ɴһʱϲ
˵ȷпǳҶɫһ䣬û뵽֮ǰϵǳøϽ뿪˵ˡ


һǧ˰ʮ 
ɳĮĳǳرǣڴʳֻҪһǳصĳȻ
ڿҶʵǿƥʱ򣬾Ѿ֪ͨǳҽͻĽĶԹǲܷŹҶǱ޵ĳš
Ҷ죬ҳǿ£ֻл۲ѹһվĶ֣ˡ
Ц
ΧҽǿҲ¶ЦݣǾóΰ̫ˣǶû뵽ȴ뵽ˡ
Ҳѹ֣Ƕһ۷ǿߣ֮ͬĽ棬һ㶼ֻԼܱܲ˾ͻȥҰְɣҲ̫ˡ
ңܹȥҰְ裬Ҳܻȥүү̣ҶǴӵܣ˭ֱ˭ı
ԣҽ磬иأһĽ泤֣ܲΪС
Ѫ¹ɴ˺Ѫħڴ֮ɱǴˣǱҲ֡
Ҷ첻ͬҶǻĽˣҽͻĽУֺαظҶ콲أԳϵǳѸٸ
ߣ
Զ޸ܵǹǿϢһݣ漴кһڹħǿߣתȥ
ȻΪҽ˸ɱǹħˣΪԷһ뿪
ͬʱҶҲתȥ
ҽ˿ԷŹħ뿪ȴûзŹҶ죬ٴɴסҶ졣
ˣûţħŴ˴ȵ뵽ԼҶħţһ߳ŭ
ûˣܻ֮ţѪ¹ɴϺɭɫɱޱߡ
Ǻǣû뵽Ҳвսһ죬һǶԸ׷ߣ̫˼ˡѪħڴЦ˳
Ѫ¹ɴԣɱˣһξҶѪħڴ˻Ҫɶ
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ÿ˵ʵҶ죬ô˾ۼ󷨣ǾԲһһȶô򵥣ۼ̫ǿˡ
ҶġȻǿûˣȴסˣһʱѰЩˡ
ʱǹǿϢҲԽԽӽˣҶüͷ塣
ٽˡҶһ䣬ȫ߶ʩչΧضסˡ
һ˲䣬ҽǿȫ˰УȻֻж̶̵һ˲䣬ҲҶס˻ᣬǵƵҴǿļˡ
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ÿ˵϶𾪺Ͳ˼飬ôȻҶشǰ˵ʵﵽ˺εȳ̶ȣ
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Ҷ֮תߡ
ǲɱˣϾЩϣÿһԭʯ
ûʱˣеǹϢѾǰˡ
ĽСӣߣһȣԶ˹׺
һ̣ɳĮư磬籩ۣһֻ޴ĺɫƣԽ˲գҶ
䣡
Ҷͫһ߾ȫֵǱһµķħ޶ǣȫʬԼˣϳѺۡ
ÿµʵҶľ
ġ˵ʮ㣬Ӳ̶һĹȻ˵Ĳһʵ̫ˡ
ϾҶڡ̫ˣǰǳҶʮֲж󣿾㡶Ҳ޷ֲ־޴Ĳࡣ
Ҷ죬Ҳн죿ǳɱҶҵӣʱſЦ
Ҷɫɱ⾪죬ʹߣǿôſҲ̲סеɱ⡣
ħӡ˭Ҳû뵽Ҷûߣͷɱҽǿ߶ԮѾҶնɱˡ
۾ɵϴĿƺû뵽ҶɱԼš
ߣҶϵĻƷȻź󷽵֮ȥ
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䣡Ҷֳħ֣ȫ߶ӲӺɫ֮г˳֮ܽ
׻
ħ֣
ôܣ
Щҽǿȫ𾪲ѡ
ǳҲһż׷Ҷ죬ϾǰץסҶ죬ӹʳ


һǧ˰ʮ 
䣡
Ҷ֮ܽǳҲǿƹҶֳħ֣¾Ҫɱˡ
ħֵĵֵҶҲڴѪϵѺ顣Ͼʵ߶׻ЩǿܹסһιѾǷǳˡ
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ȼٸߣʵҲӲ
ܲģ֮ҲҪǳ˵δҶ죬ЩѾͷˡ
Ҷûһȫ߶ħ֣һ֮
˷ӿǿֲĳǳüͷҶһۣ漴ȵһУ
δ䣬Ѿγɣһֻ޴ĺɫħƣһ̫ħɽЯŰƣݺݵҶ졣
һ֮ǳת˳֮ΪΧ̫ˣټȥҲҪ
ʱҶ죬ǳΣΧϮǰǳһֱǾ·

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𣿡ǳһϰһҽǿ߱Χ˹ѯ֮ɫ
ǳȻ˵飬걻û˵һСС֮ߵ걻Ҳֻ·һ
ϲ֮ǳ£߽ȥǲҶԴ
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ħŴЦĿɲɣЩĥһʱ䣬ʹ֮ȥ
ȻˣǶҽ˵һ裡ڴ˵ΪǣɨأҽţȻһ˴ܣҽĳ衣
˵꣬ڴתȥ
Ҫչشǿһһ߰ޣҾԲǡ¼ӳɴҲ뿪ˡ
֮磬磬δػǡռ崫Ҳˡ
ЩǿߣҶȥ֮û˿ɺͳ죬еֻһɳصѹ
ҽԣҲһɫأҲûɱҶĺˣ׷תȥ
ֻʣ·½Ͷźվ֮ߣӿ֮¶֮ɫ
С㣬˵𣿡źЩ˵
ûȷ˵һԵ½ߵʲô֣˼Ҷ죬ǴԺĳţǶˣˣǵĵˣ֮ǰֻǡ
źû˵ɫ
죡
㣬˵ʵǣǣҲҪǣҽͻĽ籾ǵˡ½˵
ź̲סˣһҲˣֻ֪ξҵûˣܵõԵ
˵꣬źԷȭС㣬կҾͲȥˣһҲͬʲô飬ܷԸǣ
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½ߵʲôһɢ޶ѣ
ұ죡½ŭȵ׳հźǰȷһɢޣʮ֮ϾҪˣҪǼկǿկʵ㾹Ȼһˣʱ𣿡
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ָ½üͷ˵ǵûü·ӡǣڻվ˵𣿡
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ϣٻħޣתȥ
½û˵Ҳٻħޣڷ뿪ˡ
뿪󲻾ãһɫӰ֮˳˰ߡģӢƲüɫڷ⡪ĵۣ


һǧ˰ʮ ع
Ҷ컺ϰ۳壬һǿüĵĻ֮ӡǺӡѾ¶ĥڵ䣬һΣʵҲ½࣬Ʋᡣ
ûѡԭͣҶתɱȥʧããһƬɳĮС
һħĹ֮УҶջܴǸõ뿪ҽʱˡ
ңɱ˲˺ʹʳ̫ӳ϶ᾪϹٲߵĻ¾߲ˡ
ʵϣҽ˶ΪҶ֮Լˡ
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ֱһİĳǳأҶŷųħıòСȻ󣬵ִ·ǣֱ뿪·ǣǰħɽ
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ȻҶ첻Ϊǻᱻҽ磬ϾҽôҪãã˺֮ҵǣǷǳѵġ
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ҶֻоһתȵعʱѾڴԺĴſˡ
ԶͺƳҶ죬ʱ۾һһ֮ǰɢʣֻ۾˸شҶ죺Сӣû뵽ǵһȻʮ֮磬һϢ֮ǿٰѡ˵߲˰ɣ
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ͺáǸпһǿҶʮ֮󣬶ʱһ漴ϲѡ
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ǣҶͺߺͼ޵һ񣬱ҴҸϻԼʯݡ
ͺЩص˼һۣ߳ŭʦܣʲô˼һẦ𣿲¸㣬ӰѺħս׶͸ˣӵĽħͺõô𣿡
ʦ֣Ȼ㿴ǾԼɳǲҪ޵˵
ߣʾͲʣĵӻӳ֪ͺһ£Ŀ
޵״ҡͷ

һߣҶոջصʯǰһǿϢ㳯ѹȹ
õԺҶüȥɫ
ǻõԺޱߣ˫֣ĿҶ죬ʵҶ죬֪ͽѩ仪Ǳ˭ɱ
ҽɱģҶ쵭˵
ԷһѹȻɫߣѩ仪Ǳɱģ˫Ѿˡ
ϻҵȻ֪ҽɱģ㵽˭ɱޱԴȵĿޱϣһУҶ졣
Ҷ쵭˵ҵһȥҽ磬ôʶˣ㻹ǵȹʱ䣬˰ɡ
˵꣬Ҷתʯݡ
վסʲô̬ȣǻõԺǴԺӣʦص֪𣿡ҶɢӰޱûðɣŭһǿٶȱ͵ѹҶ졣
ޱߣʲôһȴ
Զͺߺͼ޵˫˫Ҷǰ䶢ޱߡ
ȻޱߵƣǸˡ


һǧ˰ʮ սƷ
ͺߺͼ޵λǰҶʱоΧѹʧˣɵȫһᣬɫҲٱ־衣
ʲô˼ޱɫؿǰͺߺͼ޵壬ԱߵͺȴС
ʲô˼ͺŭЦҶСӲŸոջ͹Ҳ磬Ӧʲô˼Ժ𣿡
ֻѯʣ˭ɱѩ仪ⲻӦ𣿡ޱߵ
Ҷ˵õԺһѹңѯʵ̬ʷ˵̬ȣȻʵ㣬Ҳϵġ
죬ʲôݣҲ죡ޱߺǳ֮оӡ
ҶɫһԷȻѹ
޵ǰһȵޱߣҶҵĵӣֲ̡ܽ
ĵĿ𳤣֪ʦصҲΡޱ߼
ˣͺߴĮضޱߣһһҼסˣҶԺĵӣòҪ顣ڣϸҹӾʹ
ϾƹΪǻõԺˣҵţޱͫһ漴һݻݺݵҶһۣתȥ
ͺ߲мܻȥˣǻõԺһ˶йԺֲûǰ˭
Աߵļ޵ü̫嶯ˣõԺڴԺûбҪ
ͺߵż޵ŭƢôѡѹԺôû䣬һޱ߾ͰųӣҪǻõԺǰǲҪҶؿͷϴ
㡭ߣ޵˵һߺ죬һۣתˡ
Ҷһİˬѣͺչ֪̣ԺŻǿ
Ҷ˼֮ʣͺļЦеޱСӣǵӣĶҲֻǵӣЩϼһ鷳Ӹ㿸ԲԴС
лǰҶ˵
Ǻǣúȡս磡ͺ߹һЦҶĿޱο׸ԺнţԷĳɳҲȻûʧ

صʯݺҶ
ҵħɱѩ仪Ȼҵķ¶֮ʣŷ޻ڡǶѾ뿪ˣѱʱΧȺ֮ûдԺĵӴڣɱѩ仪Ϣδزᴫ
Ҷ찵ü
һ޴鷳
ʱΣҲò¶ħݡ
ٴԺ֤ݣʵ츳ûоԵ֤ݣشԺҲһֻ۱һֻۣô
ϾԺûôˣò׳һţôԼŶɱǲԾĹ
뵽ҶֻҪԼʵǿ츳Ⱥõźʲô
ǹأǵһʵ֮ͬԴء
Ҷǿߵʵ㵱ޱߣԺҲҶȥͽҶ졣
ԣҶʱǼʵ硣
ֻҪҽ磬ټħ׻ԺЩչصϹ⣬Ҳûж˿Իˡ
Ҷгţ츳͸ߣħ۵ķʽһȵ֮ʵ϶ﵽһֲĳ̶ȣԽһЩϱ
Ҫ˲ħϸҪħѨƳħʥС
Ҫһ¯ǻΣҶ찵뵽Ȼħʥķȴû㹻õ¯
ͨε¯ȻҲУлε¯ˡ
һ㣬Ҷֻܴͺߺͼ޵Ѱһˡ
ҶȼһԼҽ֮еսƷ
׻ħ֣޴ĵƣԺΣҲһɱڹؼʱԽɱС
Ҷ챾ĺħս֮⣬дѪ¹ɴõѪɫսף˺ͳҲεսףˣѩ仪սףƷʶȲϺħս׺Ѫɫսס
⣬һѻε񽣣һ˻εĳǹ
ۺҶһֱһҹһЩҪжˡ
֮⣬Ҷ컹ǧԭʯԼħĹõǧԭʯͲ˻ѩ仪˸ǧԭʯһǧԭʯһʾ޴ջ㹻Ҷˡ
һսƷҶЦݣһҽ֮С


һǧ˰ʮ 
սƷ֮ҶóһЩԭʯľ󣬱㿪ʼָơ
־÷ʽ򵥣ÿ֮ᣬΨһҪԭʯҪЧԽߣôҪĻԭʯԽࡣ
Ҷ첼õľҪһԭʯܲóɹһԪͻĴ
һԪķһԭʯֱҲûôݳޡ
Ҷڿɲںмǧԭʯ㹻ʹúܾˡ
ң־ЧܺãһԪҶƱȫָ˵״̬ﵽ۷壬ȫ¶޵е
ƻָħʥˣҶ뿪ʯݣǰŴҵͺߣ˵⡣
ͺ߾ȵҪ¯Ҫεģгʦ𣿡ЩɵؿҶ죬ôһʦ
ǰôҶЩε˵
ˣҲʲôͺ߰˰֣漴ߵε¯ɲˣǳĻε¯мĻ˭ʦҵأ
ǰսףڽҶԣó˲˺ͳսףݸͺߡ
ͺһʱɴ۾
ʲôʱôֵǮˣ
ͺ߲ŵصҶ죺Сҽʲô춯صĴ飿ôôĻ
ֱ˵ваɣҶЦ
ͺҶһۣ漴˵ԵƬ̣ϵһϼһʣ˵գ۾
˲ãͺ߲۾Ҷ˵иϼһҪ¯¯Ʒͣ뻹һεĻС
ҶԵ˵ͷ漴˵һ˳ͺߡ
ͺƤֱɵöҶ죬˵Сӵ׻жٻ
ٺ٣ҶЦ
ͺҡҡͷ˵ȵȣϾ˵꣬ͺƾվʧˡ
ҶĵȴţƷߣûʲôôҲûʲô󰭡
˵׻εħ֣ټϻεĺħսףѪɫսף㹻ʹˡ
ˣһѻε񽣣ǳ⣬ѩ仪սס
Ҷۿνޱȷ
ˣҪ¯ܿ죬ͺ߾͸ϻˣӸҶһ¯ͭɫģƴС
ҶϾ׻һ۾Ϳ¯ܲмĻѪɫս׺ͺħսףǼֵս൱ԲĻԻġ
뵽Ҷɻؿǰͺߡ
ͺߺٺЦϼһҲԺǰҸСӵһЩ¼ͽˡ
ҶʱȻ˵ԩͷԭԺǰǾ˵ùȥˣϾԺ˻ǷǳŽģҲ
лǰˣ飬ȸˡҶ漴һתȥ
ͺ߿ҶıӰ°ͺСҪ¯ʲôѵҪʲôҩ磿
ʵ벻ͨҲͲٶˡ
ҶȥúһӰȻڴԺĴſڣԺĴʦֶ죬ˣϢЩ΢¶ڴѪ
죡
ͺɫһ䣬˲ڶԱߣ̧ƾͰȹơȵڵЩ𾪵ƾȻôأ˵ھŲġ¾ˡ
ҽһһƣЩµ˵
ŷ޻ڽҶ죬ҽɱˣЩΪҶ֮󣬾ר׷Ѱŷ޻ںƽͻزˡ
СӣԺĴʦ֣ɱ㣬οŷ޻ڶȲˣԺ˵ӵУһˡͺ߹Ц
ɫӵ˵ҶˣǴԺڵӵеĵһˣҺŷ޻ڶ̫Զˣ˵ʮġ
ʲôʮġҶСôôˣͺԾһ漴ü԰ҶʲôʱˣôΪˣͻˣǵһģǵڶ
ҶˣĿɿڴЩ㶵˵ҽѾķз˵Ҷɱ˴ʳ̫ӺͲˣȻ󱻸Ϲǳ壬û֮
ͺԻȻ򣺡˵Сôɱ󳬼Ĵˣ̫ˣû뵽ѡ˵ʮ㡣СصôȻӡ


һǧ˰ٰʮ 
ͺߵĻһ֮ɫҶĻˣû
ƭʲôͺ߰һָۣŴԺ˵ղŻҰչһ¯ⲻŻȥˡŵĻȥ
ЦȻûҽ˶ƭˣģ֮ɱѹܹɨҽţ͹ħŶˡ
ʲôҶ͹ħŶɨˣôǿͺѾ֪˶ٴˡ
˵ͷ˵ϢѾҽ紫ˣҶɨҽţ͹ħҲ°ܽû뵽ʮġǿ󡣡
ǲ˼鰡СӾȻôͰѵʮġˡͺԸпѡ
ںԼ׾ٶҶԺĳţôԺ
ǰһȻȥָˡˣҶѹܴҪָƣȻ硣
ͺذ˰֣һ˼Ҷϣﻹйȥᶫ졣һͺ߾Ͷ´뿪ˣҲ֪Ҵȥˡ
ʱ䣬ÿǧ꣬һԺĵӻ
ŷ޻ڡҲˡ
ŷ޻Ҳ֮⣬˶ûʲô󰭣ƽ
ȻҲкܶûлҽ硣
ϸ㣬֮һԺҽ磬Щء
ĴԺӣÿһ˵Ϊʮ֮ΣڴԺ˵һĵϢ
Ҳ˵ú󣬴ԺҪλ
ʱҶѾƺħʥڷ˲ħ
ڰħѨƳħʥʱҶħ߷ֱ˰˲ħ֮УһʱƳһ
ƳķѾͬԭħҶıһģһһĹһΪһʵֱһģ̻ġ
ͨԺڸҶսʱ򣬾Ҫһģһˡ
Ҷ쿴ǰԼһģһԼг˾֮̾ɫ
֮֮˵㲻ʲôͨǣܹӵкͱһʵķµķֱǰδš
ѹֵħܹɨҽ磬֮ͨͬмֱ޵СҶ̾
ɵʮġѾ޵ͬˣƳһӵһʵķ֮ͬУ˭Ķ֣ҲֻǸˡ
ң˲ħһа˸ҶڲƳһƳ˸뱾϶ΪһҲδزһս
˷֮⣬ð˲ħ֮ҶоԼʵҲ֮࣬ǰǿˡ
󣬵زʵȻ
ҽ磬֪ᱻҶ첻ڴ֮ɫ
֪õʮġ磬ᱻһǧǹļޣû˿ԳԽˡ
߽ʷϣкܶһ磬ͱǧֲš
ۡħۡĽִߣȫš
ҶԼҲܹõ
Ҷ죬ˣ
Ҷ֮ʱ洫
Ҷ첻ɵûعȻţɻؿǰҴҵĶʲôˣ
ŵ˵ɱѩ仪鱻õԺĵй¶ˣʱлõԺĵΧ
ԭǴ£Ҷ˵ͷԵЩ򶨣ϾһУ֮С
ҿôһ㶼żǴԺͬʦֵɱɱѩ仪ǻõԺʦ֣ѾǴˣִϿ϶Ҫлġȴˡ
ʼҪҶ쵭˵
ȥڲǿЦʱϽȥǵ츳ֻҪԺǰ㣬δزϾ츳̫ǿˣԺЩҲǰ׳գɱš
İɣһûµģҶ̧ͷԶĿгš
һˣȥȰɣҶ򶨣öˣ˻֣תȥ
Ҷݣȹ̸ոõİ˲ħԼ״̬𽥴ﵽ۷塣
պ󣬻õԺޱߣŭؽҶ浽˳ϻᡣϻһڳϲþִϸ£ҶС
Ϊִڱչأʱ
ǴԺ˶֪һȵִϳأҶˡ
ɱͬʦֵܣοҶɱĻһλõԺʦ֡


һǧ˰ٰʮһ 
֮Ҷ쳹׹˰˲ħ˿̵״̬ǰδеĺãʱͻ硣
ҶǿסͻƵĳ嶯ΪĻ̫ˣޱǿһͻƣɵҲܺ䶯ʱĳǵ˶ᷢ֡
ȻڴԺû˸˺ҲǾԵġ
ޱֵλˣԼó֣ȫµ˶֡ʱһ˴ŵͻƣӰ춼ǺܴģԳܵġ
ңҶõֿԺܴ󣬱ϾޱѾˣԷɳġ
ϾһҶ֮󣬰ޱڣ೤϶ҶĶ֣һޱộ
ҪǵȵҶԺ߾磬ôޱߵ³֪
ԣҶҿ϶ޱ߱Ȼ˴ԼͻƵ硣
Ҹᣬ뿪ĳǡ
Ҷ漴ѹΪݻͻơ
ڴԺûʲôΣգҲͻơ
䣡
ڴʱһǰδеǿϢӴԺϲ񷣬硣
һʱ䣬ĳǶ𶯣Ƭ綼̴ˡ
ҶܵԼ궼սϢʵֲ̫ˣʲô̫Զˡ
ҶΨһϸܵϢǴԺԺһλ߼ǿڡ
ȻϢЩϤȴԺġ
ִϣҶоⱬ䣬ƿţзȥ
ʱԺѾˣһϣڶӣȫգңңǹϢĵط
ڴԺһһͷͷĹһӴϰεض𣬳ϻϿգǧڻ֮£ɢſֲϢ
ÿֲƣҶңңţ巢оеκһ׺ɱԼʵ̫ˡ
ߵĿֲ֮
ǿ߲£߱ǿĴڣһǻԪϹÿ˶ܿһưһʥ档
ִϱǽΡ
ִͻƣǴԺʱˡϤҶͷǶ˹
Ա߻ȲĶ죬ɫЩӵؿҶ죬漴Ҷ˵ͷ
ǴԺܾûн𣿡Ҷԣɵʵ
̾ʲôǴԺĵӣֻҪŬġǽߣȴҪԵǻۣ˭ͻƵġǧǰǧŰپʮܺ򣬵һȴǱˣû㹻ĻԵǻۣǸ޷ġ
ִϱܶˣǺԺͬһʦֵܣ޵УҲֱͻơһԵĶҲп
Ҷг˼û뵽ǧһȷһ޴⣬û㹻ĻԵǻۣ»ᱻһ硣
ȻⲻҶÿǵģִϳأҽ߾磬ôҲõˡ
Ҷ֣Ѿϵˣ˻õԺ⣬Ժĵӣٱˣǿ԰֤ûɱѩ仪ʱ˵
Ҷؿ򶫷ԷʱȺУӦ֪ɱѩ仪Ŷԡ
ǺǣҶĿ⣬ЦֻҪû֤ݣ츳Ǳκβ㡣
ԱߵĶͷʲô鶼Ҫ֤ݣ޵ϾƹǰѾȥϵԺĳˣֻҪɿڣ¡
лˣҶм
ҡͷǷһӦġ
ٺЦ֮ͲҪ˵лˣǿˣҪҰ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴ԺִϵĽѾӽĩβˡ
Ц˵ִνֻкôûл
Ŷô˵ѵִϻƫ̻𣿡ҶɹȻЦ
˵ͷ˵Ȼƫ̻㣬Ͼ츳Խŷ޻ڣǴԺЩǿţƫ̻㣬ѵƫ̻õԺЩ𣿡
Ҷɻܰɣô೤Ͽţִϻƫ̻ң
ٺЦҸղ˵ˣִͻƶֻкôǰִϣҪ˼ȺǣڣѾ߾磬Ҫƫ̻㣬ȺϸҷŸƨ𣿡
˵Сĵ㣡һԵĶԵһۡ
ڨڨһЦ˵֮УֻҪִ϶ĳϲҲӵġ
Ҷ˵ͷľϲ


һǧ˰ٰʮ 
ִϵͻƺ˳ȵΪ֮ǧֲĳϿգɼǧôԺĵǶǳϲ׷ϥ£ǧΪڿ
ҶЩﵽʮ֮ĴڣʣµĵǣһΪ
ɴ˿ɼһλߵĳ֣һĺô̫ˣֱʹһһࡣ
ѹֶ˵ִϵĽŴԺ
߰ɣǻȥɣ漴վתȥ
Ҷ֣׼һ°ɡҶһصҲ뿪ˡ
Ҷ쿴ԶִϣѾڶԺĳϼռˣҶȥִϣЩǸͲȥ
ȺеޱߣȴǶҶһɱ񣬱顣
ҶԴ˲мһˣתߡ
ִϲŽ߾磬Ҫչعһʱ䣬ֱȥ꣬ҶԺвִϵ
㳡
ֻм򵥵ĸ֣ȴϣ޷
Գ棡
Ҷ𺳣ߣԷһ仰¶ɱ㡣
Գ棬˵һ仰ŷѾ֮ľˡ
֪ʲôʱܴﵽ磡Ҷип
漴Ҷƿţһɫĳں֮죬Ź㳡ķѾɽ˺ˣԺĳϺ͵ǣȻѾӵִϵ֪ͨ۹㳡
Ҷɫ򶨣ɫĮгţ㳡
ȵҶ㳡ʱ򣬹㳡ѾˣĴԺĵӣվԣǰλڶ೤ϣΪ׵ִϡ
еĿ⣬ȫҶϣѹӴҶʵǿ󣬿»粽С
Ҷ춥ϬĿ⣬߽˹㳡һȣڳ೤϶޵ͷ
Ϊ׵ִҲ¶ЦݣοؿҶ졣
ޱ߼״аáʱҶŭȵҶ죬֪
Ҷޱ򶨣ĮؿޱһۣʵⳡвִôεʲôʱΪִˣ
㡭ޱһͣ÷
Աߵִߵ죡
ޱ߶ʱٶԣֻɫޱѿĿ⣬Ҷ졣
ˣҪҶһҡ
Ȼʧˡ
㳡ϣҶԵ÷棬Ȳʼն򶨣ƽ޲λϺִҶ죬ִϣλϡ
񣡡ִϵЦŵͷ
һЩæ
⺢Ӳò
ӵǿ츳֪ʦصǰ;
Ϸ˵ҽɨҽţ͹ħŶˣǴԺʲôʱôܹһϷ;ʹ졣
Ǹúӣغôܻɱͬţ϶

һĿ佱ڳ˶ˡ
ҶҲǴľЩ˼顣
ҶһЩ˵ĳϣǴźɫۣʱȻ򡣸ЩԺǰѹվߣֱӡ顱ذһ顣
ԶޱߣɫޱѿⲻҶôŪɰ佱ʽˣûʣͰҶһ٣ôʣ
뵽ޱæһЩõԺĳϼ˼۾ЩõԺĳ϶ʱӦˣ׷׿˵
ִϣаɣ
ɱͬʦֵǴοѩ仪һλʦ֣²֮
츳ߣɱ¾ͬʦֵܡ
ҴԺҪӣһֻǡ

õԺĳҪԺĳ϶ö࣬һ𿪿ڣʱ÷ת䣬ޡϾƹɫһ䡣
ҶȴǺ򶨣ûмڿڱ粵
ұ죡ִϴȵߵƣʱóһ
ûн֮ǰһڳǿģڽ߾磬˭ǰ
һʱ䣬㳡϶Ǿĵģ˵Ŀⶼ۵ִϡ
ִȻƫ̻Ҷ죬Ǳϻһ̬ȣӿҶ죬ʵҶ죬ѩ仪ǲɱģ
ǣҶ쵭˵
˵ѣһԵޱߣʱŭ
˵ѣִؿޱߣʵк֤ݣ
̬ȰҪƫ̻Ҷ졣
ޱһסеķŭǻõԺеӵʱڳĪáﻪ
ȺУʱ߳õԺӣֱĪúͰﻪ
Ҷ۾΢΢һУʶСĽԻУɱ˰ﻪֺĪ֮꣬ǽ˶Թ


һǧ˰ٰʮ 
ִϣ
ĪúͰﻪضִ
ޱԱæȵ֪ģȫִϣǷģִɹԲƫ̻κ˵ġ
ִƳһۣޱ飬û˵
ĪùִϣҵʱͻȺУۿһ塯ɱǴʦѩ仪Ҷ챻ҽǿ߱Ƶأò¶һشҽǿߡķǻҽǿеġ塯
С塯ķҽǿУҶҲô˳شҽǿߡﻪҲڸ͵
ޱ߶ʱһЦݣҶ죬Ŀгɱ⡣
ִҲҶ죬Ҷ죬Կʵ
һɺԣ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ִϣҵȷһ塯ķҵʱҲҽǿߵСǣѩ仪ǱħŴ˸ɱģҷֵġ⣬ɱѩ仪ħźպġʮħ١ԼھŲġħ塷ʱڳ˶
ĪԴŭҶ죬ķͻᡶʮħ١Ҳ˵ھŲġħ塷ɱѩ仪ʦ֣㻹ϡ
ҶһЦִ˵ִϣҲˣǾȻ˵ҵķ˵ھŲġħ塷͡ʮħ١𣿡
ִҡҡͷ˵ħ塷ǽڡ幦ѶȺܴŽҽô̵ʱ䣬ܽħ塷ھŲ㡣ڡʮħ١ħŵǿѧǴԺһֱҪõûлᣬһ֮ôܻõ
޵Ҳ˵֪ʮħ١ֻħŵĴʦ֣һЩ洫ӶᴫڣҶƾʲôԵõŹѵܴħȥЩҪŹ𣿡
ߣʵ֤ˣԣǼҶ츳Ҷ죬õϾƹҲȵ
ĪúͰﻪʱɫҰףһʱ䲻֪α⡣
ޱɫҲޱѿ׳ˣû³ħ塷͡ʮħ١ʲôʵ˵ҲҶڶ̶ʱɵھŲġħ塷ѧˡʮħ١
Ҷʤ׷˵ִϣҪ״ޱߣûκ֤ݣָңء
ޱԲȻŭȵҶ죬νƱ磬¼Ѿҽ紫ˣǲɱѩ仪Ҹȥҽʾˡ
ҶЦޱߣ˼ǣǴԺҪҽҽ˵ҷԺҪңҽ˵㷸ǲҲҪɱ㣿֪ǴԺҽУǵĻѵǻҪ𣿡
㡭ǿʶޱ߳ŭ
죡ִϴһؿޱߣҽоǴԺĵӣֻǴԺĵ֤С
ޱæ˵ִϣĪúͰﻪ֤ǻõԺвٵӣʱڳǿ֤
ҶԹЦ
ޱɫҶ죬Цʲôĵط𣿡
ޱߣǻõԺĵңͿԶҵʣƾʲôҶЦ
ޱƾǴԺӣҽﲻѵǵҲ𣿡
Ŷ𣿡ҶЦô˵޵Ժ֤ҲɱǻõԺĵӣǲǣ
ޱɫһ䣬Щյǿʶ
޵ʱվ˳ִ˵ִϣƾһ֮ʣԶʱĴԺĵڳҪԺĵӻС
ִϵ˵ͷ俴ޱߣ˵˵ĲʱԺĵڳֻǻõԺһ֮ʡ
ޱҧãҾͲָ¹Ϊ컻ء
ִ漴˵ʱڳĵӣȫվ
ʱŷ޻ڡۡĴԺĵӣȫվ˳
ִɨһۣŷ޻ںϣ˵ʱʲôҲ˵˵ɡ
ʱǱҽǿΧɱҶɱ˳ǡŷ޻˵
˵ͷ˵Ҷǣˡ
ϾƹԣʱЦǶ˰ɣԺҶðΣڵӣƴ󣬽һû˽ӵл룿
ޱһɫޱѿе㲻Ծ
ȥҶ죬ҪҶˣ


һǧ˰ٰʮ ѳ
ŷ޻ںĻζҶԽˡ
ϾƹĻ£һЩǱæڳҶ졣
£жô
Ϊͬʦֵܣƴһ治󰡡
˻ɱͬʦֵܣҲţ

ǵҶǳ
ңһβԺĳϿڣһЩԺԺĳҲˣϾҶҲԺĵӡ
ޱߵɫޱѿæִ˵ִϣҶȷййɱͬʦֵܡ
ִûǿŷ޻ں˵ǿпҶķɱѩ仪
ŷ޻ҡҡͷ˵֪Ҷ󣬾ˣ淢һУǲ֪
һԵҲ˵ͷ
ޱ߶ʱŭȵ˵ѣǵʱѵûп˭ɱѩ仪ǲһ塯ˣ
ŷ޻ҡͷҵʱҽǿ߲סûʱۿܡ
ѱʱѩ仪Ҳҡͷ
ޱҧҧ֪վҶߣԽֲõԤС
λ˿ɱѩ仪վҶʱܣ˵
Ȼ˻õԺĵ⣬Ժûһվ
ޱ߼״ʱŭִϣҶвӣӲ֤
вҶЦҵʱƴ󣬾ˣʣҵʱǲ֣ôʲô
һ䡣
ʱҶûг֣´ԺĶĵӶʧأ붼ÿ¡
Ҷ컷ܣ˵Ҫɱѩ仪ʱȫԲ棬ʱ˵ѩ仪ˣڳӶҪҽ硣ʣֺαðճɱѩ仪
ڳˣõԺڣ޻˵
Ҷ쿴ɫѿޱߣߵҪ˵вҸջصԺλõԺĵϳǰѹңŽвɡ
㡭ޱɫѿָҶ˵
ִϴһӣɫϵ˵Ҷޱش˾һΣ´ΣޱõԺλͰɡ
˵ִ꣬ϱת뿪ˡ
лִϣҶ쳯ִϵıӰ˹漴ޱߵһЦҲתȥ
ޱҧгݣҶһĨ֮ɫ
һõԺĵһȻһСˡ
ֱǳ裡
ޱߣСӸСĵ㣡ϾƹޱһҲתȥ
Ҳһһȥ
λõԺһͿأǷȫҶ죬ҶΪԺҫ۵š
ȥ·ϣһԺĵӵѯǰʦ֣Ҷ֪ʲôΪʲôҶ컹ôɵذ𡣡
˵ӵ㹻ʵʱʲôضܴƣҶ죬Ѿˡ
Ժ
һߣŷ޻ڶԵĶ˵ֱѺԱˣ֮ҶѳɣԺһˣĪˡ
ĴûѺԱԵЦǲǺѹϾǱԽˡ
ŷ޻ڵһЦиվǰ棬ٻж׷ϣѾܹûĿˡڵңоʮ㡣
뷨㽫Ȼǰ;̾
ҪģƳһõѵңŷ޻ƳһۣƲ
Ц

Ժޱɫ߽һʯ
ʯУһϥ۾˵Ҷˣضԡ
ʦѩ¶ܳͽ˳ܲޱ
ӵ˵һˣеʱ䡣
ޱ߶ʱˣ˵ʦ𣬵ӿǾԲٷҶɳȥˣ츳̫ߣв̫ˡ
۾ڵ޵׵ԨôޱߣҲ֪츳ܸߣղԪִôɱ
ʦ𡭡ޱ߼
Ӱ˰֣˵ӴѳɣҪѧԺɱѡ
ʦָ㣿ޱ߶ʱһϲ
ӵ˵磬ѧԺڳһȥƻɹ뿪ѧԺãԳֻɱ
ޱüôѧԺ϶ỳҵġ
Σӵ˵ҶһʱѧԺվߣˣ߷ˣôѧԺͻվߡ
ˣޱߵ˵ͷһЦ
ӿһۣ˵ԺԺùϵղԪ߾磬ϾҪжִϵλӣΪԺŬһ£ҰϵһЩϵܲܰƵִϵλϡ
ޱ߶ʱϲΪִϣԺҲͲôˡ


һǧ˰ٰʮ 
СĽ磬޵ʯڣһԺһá
޵һӣд붼ʮ֮磬ϳο֮ɫ˵ԻǱֺܺãоųɵ˶ŻˣҲʮ֮磬ع˶ãЩ˾ܹ̤ˡ
˼޵ĻЩûȥҽԺӣȫһĽ֮ɫ
޵Ŀ⿴˶죬죬ľѾ׼ľھͳ磬ȵ̤ʮ㡶𣿡
ԿЦҽһһɱħŽ˵ھŲġʮġûϣˡ
Ļһ뷨ǵ˵ʮġٳ磬Ҷŷ޻ʱ򶼳ΪˣŲԸôء
ʵϣڴԺܹɵʮ㹦ٳ˺٣ϾѶ̫󡣴󲿷ִԺӣǰԼĹ߰˲㣬ȻһΪ֮á
Ҷѹʮ㣬ٳ磬ԺʷҲָ
Ǻã㼴׼£Ҿʹȥľ޵˵ͷ
󣬼޵ĿҶ죬˵Ҷ죬ʵһڵӵǿģҶϾҪľ磬Դӽ쿪ʼԺδʦ֡
ԣ⣬ϾҶʵ˭ҷ
ҶüҲҪˣʱ㲻ܾδʦˡ
޵ƿ׳һ˵ֻһʱ䣬ʦҲˡ
˵գ޵ת뿪һɻҶ졣
ڼ޵뿪֮˹׳հֻҪΪʦ֣ͿѧϰԺĹˡĻΪ˳ϣû´ͣҲ޷ѧϰԺĹ
Ҷʱ۾һǰʦֿѧϰԺĹˡ
лѣҶæм
쿴Ҷһۣս˵̤磬һǾ֣һ׷ġ
˵꣬ת뿪
Ҷæ˵֣㻹ûиѧϰԺĹء
ԺȥͷҲص˵
ԺҶһ㶣漴ԺиһϤӰλڴԺɨش塣
£Ҷ뿪СĽ磬ȥλɨش壬Ժ
˿̣ԺڴԺڵһò´ɨҶɨĺƷеˡ˭뵽˱ǴԺԺһλǿߡ
Ҷ죬ݼԺҶ칪
Ժеɨ㣬Ŀ⿴Ҷ죬˵Ѿ˵ˣεԺʦ֣ˣҪѧϰԺĹ𣿡
ǵģԺҶ˵ͷ
ɣԺɨ㣬˫֣ǰ·
ҶʵʵظԺ档
˴ӵʯ·˴ԺﾲĵģûһӰǼžĿ֮У·ЯӴѹҶ٣ֱɽѹŵĸо
öǿߵϢҶ찵
Ժһأ˵Щ̤߾ĸԺǣһЩԺĹϴڣȫڴ˵رչء
ǴԺĵӣЩǣȫֹˡ
ҶԺ߽Ժһŵ֮Уû˾סֻڷĿߴʯʮ֮ߣĸϵ֣ɢŵĽɫâ
ã𣡡
ҶϸǰĿʯŵĹ֣ǡĸ֡
Ժʱ˵Ҳ˵ǴԺĴԺĹȫǻİɡ
Ҷ˵ͷӶ˵
˵ǶԵģԺ˵ʼʱ򣬻׼Լǿѧκžѧ̫ǿˣҲ̫ˣǿ߶޷⡣ԺžѧһΪģֱĿʯ֮СˣǴԺĴԺĴڡ
ҶȻ
ԺָĿʯ˵⡮ǴԺġϢŹĪľ磬֮ͬУϺɱ㡣⡮Ժġ޾ս䡷ŻһսκһŶǳǿ⡮áǻõԺġջñ䡷һĹ⡮𡯣Ժġǿ幦
Ժ˵գҶ죬Ŀдĳڴ˵꣬ǿѧһΪģҲ˵ͬʱŹôпܽŹΪһ壬Ӷǿѧ
Ҷ𾪡


һǧ˰ٰʮ ִ
ǿѧǸжôǿ
ҶֻоѪڣ޲ϾѧϰŹ֮ڻͨǿѧ
ǿǻǴ޵ֵĴڣϵۣҲֻܺͻ磬ǳԽ
ɴ˿ɼжôǿ
ľǿѧжôǿ
Ҷô᲻ģ
ƺҶ˼ԺЦ˵˵̫磬ŹȻ̺˻ǿѧǴǴԺڣûһܹžѧŶˣĽִ˵һƤëһƤëΪ˻ĽִߣǳΪǿߣڸǲ֪ǿʲôز
ҶһҲ֪ҪľѧѣϾԺô꣬ʲôûչֻһĽִ߲һƤëɼеѶжô޴
ȻᣬҶ쵱ȻŹοӵл֮ӡǣδزܳɹ
Ҷ죬֪ǴԺΪֻĴԺĴʦֲԺĹ𣿡ԺͻȻʵ
ҶѶȺܴŹѶҲܴ󣬴ԺϣǱٵǿѧõʱ䣬ֻרѧϰһš
Ժ˵ͷ˵һһ㣬ܹΪĴԺʦֵˣһĳţǿѡԺĹǻһϣϣǵ˿ǿѧֻһƤëҲ͵ڶλĽִߣӶǴԺ𡣡
ԺһŬġҶͷ˵
Ժ˰֣˵Ҫ̫ԼѹԼ˼ȥԼĵ·ҪǿѧѡԼʵĹԼıѡ񣬲ҪΪ˵Щѡ񡣡
ˡҶ˵ͷ
Ʒȥͻõ̺ĹȫġĿʯ̺֮˻ǿƣһõеĹҲᱻ½ơģƶ޺ֻѰʱԶٵйŹļ䣬ӶסǴԺĴ󹦷й
Ժ˵գ˫֣뿪˹ŵ
ҶĿԺȥ漴תʯлȥ
䣡
ʱһӴϢҶӿ
Ҷ۾һϢ֮УˡĹȫġһʮ˲㣬Ѿǰʮ㹦Ҳõ˺İ˲㹦
Ҷ첻˵޵ԼĹ飬Ҳ¼ˡȫҪǱˣΪѾõġ
Ҷֽηʯ棬õˡջñ䡷Ϣ͡޾ս䡷Ź
ԴˣĴԺĹȫӵˡ
Ժ֮Ҷ㷵ԼʯݣʼоŹ
ʮһʱ޷һҪ̤֮󣬲ܼ
ҶֱŹһãͬʱŹǿ˳֡
һԪҶ콫Ϣ˵㣬޾ս䡷˵㣬ǡջñ䡷ȴ˵㣬ֱ˼顣
Ҷ츳ټǿ꣬һԪǰġϢ͡޾ս䡷Ǻģŷ޻ڵˣϾǰǳס
һԪɵġջñ䡷Щ˼ˡ
󹦷ԽѶԽ󣬺͡һġ
һԪǰġջñ䡷ڴԺʷ϶ûгֹ
ջñ䡷ҵҪ࣬ѵšջñ䡷ʺĹҶ찵뵽
ѵ˵ԺõԺʺĵط
Ȼ뵽ޱǸҶǳԼûнõԺ
ΣŹܷǿѧջ̫ˡҶ漴չŹҲȥĻŹҲ˷ʱ䡣
Խջñ䡷ҶԽŹʺԼŹٶҲġ


ʮԪ󣬴Ժĳǡ
Ҷʱ۾ü棺ǻӵ
ӼղԪжִ֮λΪԺԭõԺޱߣΪִϡԺ漴Ժ
һʱ䣬ԺһƬڡ
ղԪýԺǺģڴԺֻҪΪߣܹԺ
ޱ߳Ϊִϣͳ˵֮⣬𾪲ѡ
ҶɫޱѾˣԷΪִϣӰܴ
ҵþˡҶüͷ塣


һǧ˰ٰʮ ݷ
ڴԺÿһλߵ󣬶ӣȻɴԺԺԺ
ǰִղԪãձΪԺ
ֻǣõԺޱ߾ȻΪεִϣЩ˵֮⡣

޵ʯ֮С
Ͼƹɫѿޱ
һԵļɫȻҧʦ֣ʵɱޱǿˣƾʲôִϡ
Ͼƹ̾˭Ժ߶ˣĴԺԺٶλߣõԺλߣΨԺһλ߶ûСִϵλӣЩ߼ĸԺѡٳģôѡҡ
ǿɶ뵱꣬Ժӵλ߼ĸԺʱ˭СԺϧһ߽սǶ棬Ժʹû䡣֮ɫ
ҪйֻҪٸһЩʱ䣬ҿ϶ΪߵġңҶҲɳˣȻΪߣԺġϾƹŵ˵

ĳ⣬һҾ޴Ļۻ
ǴĳһΰĳǳذǰǻĽı־߳ǿߣĽִߵȵȣϧվûˡ
һӢ꣬ӻϷĸߴ󣬳Ʈݣһ˫ɫ͸ŵɫʣ·һо֮С
ңװˡһСıشӻһС飬Եù龫֣Ľë棬һ˫ˮĴ۾ʱһ˿
˵ĲԺȷûˣϴĴԺǿŷ޻ڶңǵʵԽԽˣҲֻһǿ֧šһ
һ̣ӻһŮӣźɫ£߸ɫĮͬһɽǳȴ͸ŲݽӽľСĺܺã͹£ڽµĹ£̵̣͹͹˱ջ
մʦ㣬ãôģСͷ˿Լٿ˿ǰգʱһ֮ɫ
ԱߵңڿʱҲһ˿ȵĹâ
ƳСһۣ˵㳤˾ͻһˡ
ҿеĵˣǳˣҪʮԪܳ꣬ŻԪѡСֹ
ǽţСӦˣ̧һɻضյǰʵ԰ҽѾˣûĴ󰡣
Сһָյǰʵմʦ㣬ǲǲʲô
ȿȣԱߵԣɫһ飬ϵظɿȡ
յһƬûСֱӳǰĴĳȥ
ιմʦ㣬ȵҰС򳶿ȣȥ
򹧾صڻԱߣӭһλ׷ߴ
Ϣɲ⣬ǰĴĳǣ̾ôˣһǵڶĳǣҲ֪ﵽʲôز
Թ˵ϣɨԺĴԺţǾɳˣҲ»ǻء
ҡҡͷ˵ԶҲҪСԺԴѷǰڲǾ죬ǵ˺ڣǾͻ׷һУǳţ˵һΪԺһҲΪ˴Ժִϣɼǵʲҡ

ڴʱĳڴһռ䡣
ǣ̧ͷԶĴĳǣɻѵ֪Ҫǰӭǣ
ǻӣһûʸôԺûӭҡԳЦЦ漴ɫ֪Ժڽ߾󣬱ΪѧԺĸԺ̶ӡԺ˽߾ˣǲСﰡ
ߣҲɫһ䡣
ֳ˵ʲôǿߣֻгΪߣܳΪ֧һ
߰ɣȥ˵˻ҵء漴ЦЦŴĳȥ

û뵽ޱ߻ΪִϣԺСһˣܱץסѱʯУҶ찵뵽
죬ԯǰݷãѣղԪѣڷ񣿡һϵȻڴĳϿƺƵ಻˵궼ڲ
ǿҶɫһ䣬һλ߼ǿڡ
漴Ҷֺ˭ղԪӦִϡǴԺȻͻȻݷãʲôҪˡ
Ҷ쵱뿪ʯݡ


һǧ˰ٰʮ 
Ҷʯڳ󣬷ΧѾ˲ӰԺĳϣǣȫˡ
Ǿˣ
ͻȻʲô
߲ơ
ʲôǴԺĴӪ˵ǾһߣߣǴԺҲˡ

ڵ۷׷ס
Ҷ컷ܣλҲˣолõԺεҲǻõԺһλĳϣżƳĿ⡣
Ƭ̺ǰִղԪҲˣһϤˣǸոսִϵޱߡ
һǰһ漴λԺſڡ
ڵԶ
ڴԺſڣһ׷ͯյߣŮ˽
ҵΪԭղԪѽ߾磬ϲ׷Цݵ˵
ԯգһܼͣķɻɰղԪɫޱء

ԶҶ쿴׷Ůɫ΢΢һǿϢ˵ϢȻѪ¹ɴ֮£꼶ԴŮʵºͶ¼崫ˡռ塢ڴ൱ˡ
Ҷ졢ŷ޻ûнҽ֮ǰĻˣԿԺɨǴԺеĵӡ
Ҷ죡һϤҶתͷȥǶˣŷ޻ڣ
Ҷ췢⼸˵鶼ǳأŷ޻ڣһƮƵһѳʵ
û뵽ǾȻҲˣ˵ɫء
Ҷɻʶǣ
˵ǸеĽңǾһĴʦ֣ǾŸĳÿһ춼һλʦ֣ҵʵɲ⣬ǻܹŷ޻ڡ
ҶԲ÷ûнҽ֮ǰŷ޻ڣȷҵĶ֣ǾͲһˡ
ǸԴŮӽգĴʦ㣬ҵʵֻ߲͡СŮӣȴûм˵
ŷ޻ڳھܴΪһŮĽɶңɶͬʱҲĴʦ㣬ѾĴڡ
ȻɶãԵһ˵ǿ²֪ľλʦ֣ԽʵԽǿɶΪĴʦ㣬ʵ±ĴԺĵҪǿ󡣡
Ҷ𾪲ѡ
Ҷ죬Ҷ죬ϴִϴλʦȥ콻ŷ޻ڣһͿأǴԺĳ衣һΣлᣬһҪǴԺ
Ҷ죬ǴԺ졢ħѹô꣬һҪüһ¡Ҳ˵ء
ԴԺϵʱԵ÷ǳŽᡣ
Ҷ΢΢ͷлᣬҲֵģŷ޻ڵʵܴزҪҳˡ
ԣɵתͷŷ޻ڡ
ŷ޻ڵһЦҶ죬˵˵Ҫл㣬ǰҿԴΪԼͬʱĴԺĹʮ㣬Ӷ硣Ҿ޴ѹҲòԺĹרֻϢѾͻƵ˵ʮ㣬ѾϣʱԽ硣
ϲɫ
ɫЩӣλʦУҶʵɲ⣬Ҳ˵ھŲġڻľ磬ŷ޻ڸ˵ʮġϢʵԶ
ȥԺĴʦ֣ȴѾΪ׵һˡ
ԭŷ޻ͬʱĴԺĹʱ䣬ǰҰĺܴҪǿѧҶ찵뵽ҲΪϾŷ޻츳ܸߣ
ⲻҶԼھ·
ҶԼš
˽̸֮䣬ղԪѾžһ˽ԺλԱͬ
ҡաĵӣںشΧĴԺӣ˿ظоĵȴλ̫Сûʲô˼֮⣬˶һĲм֮ɫôԺĵǺܷŭֻղԪúλڴ˲ҷˡ
˰ɣҲ̫ˣЦ
ŷ޻ڵ˵һҶܹңǾ쿴ǴԺҲǺġ
ߣǴԺɲͬҸᣬһҪǺÿҲŭִȥ콻νܾ˳衣
ʱԶңͻȻָҶߣԵ˵ЩʲôתͷƳһߣĮףŲм֮ɫ
һ˲䣬Ҷ졢һڴԺӣȫŭ
ߣŷ޻̲סˣ߳Ⱥȥ
Ҷæȥ


һǧ˰ٰʮ д
ŷ޻ڴԺܴһڳϺ͵ǶʶοҶ졢ǴԺˣһֱʱ˵ע⡣
Ҳǣɫ򶨣дӡԱߵһͬӣֻԱߵСһ֮ɫҶǿȥ
ղԪÿŷ޻üͷ΢΢һ壬ȵʲôЩǴԺĹͣҪǣ
ǺǣһȺӣѣ㲻ҪôԱߵĺ׷Цݣһӡ
ղԪԣ˵Ͼ˶ˣֺαضԣղҲװװӶѣϾŷ޻ڡҶ춼õš
ŷ޻ڣλǰŷ޻ȻзŭǱϵǻȫˣһë
ԺĵʱһοЦݣЦʵŷ޻ڣк£
ŷ޻ɫ˵ϴεҸԺȥ콻λĸ߲Ҳҵˣټǣ̲סЩҪָһ
ҶЩȣû뵽ŷ޻ҲܹսĻ˵ô
ղԪȴǶǿˣ˼ҲŽţսġ
ԱߣҶЩ⻰˵ģ˼ǵ˼ҽţս
ѰȺǼȻҪһ£ֺαֹأ뵱꣬ǲҲʢǶཻ£ʤǶкô׷ȻЦݡ
ҶȴôЦЩ١
ãǾǽ°ɣղԪԣڵ˵ͷҶпһĨϲɫһšȻλԺˣҲڴŷ޻ǴԺء
׷漴ʹ˸ɫңŷСдһ°ɣסֻд裬㵽ΪֹŷСѡ
˵ȻͣڳĶ֮ϵǿߣױܹԲЩǣǵǣȫһȻ֮ɫ
ղԪҲЦתͷŷ޻˵ŷ޻ڣǿͣ㡣
ǣԺŷ޻ڵ˵ͷ
׷Щ죬û˵ֻͶһ
ҲмƳŷ޻һۣ˳˫֣Ȳ
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ҳ˹ָ˵ϻˣ֪㵱ңвʡҾ͸һᣬϴˢ裬õ𣿡
Ҫ̣ŷ޻һ϶ʱɣǿϢɫһ䡣
ھŲġһ˫ɫӣɫҲ
ԶĮϣҲ¶һĨ֮ɫ
׷ɫתͷղԪЦǴԺǿţûмǴĻӦԺĵӣû뵽Ժġ˵ھŲ㣬ġϢ´ﵽ˵ʮ㡣
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Ҷ췢ҷǳ֪ͣŷ޻˵ھŲġȻŷ޻ӲӲȻʤ˵
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Ҷ쵭˵ĺˣԺġǿҲǿŷ޻ڿԼȥҵģֻƾǿʵӲŷ޻ڽסͻȻ޷־ãܿͻ·硣
ȻҶ˵겻úҵڿʼŷ޻ڴѪ
Ȼڴʱӡâ۵˫֮УΪһƬõĺŷ޻ϯ
Ǻޱߣһԣɫһ䣬
к𣿡̲סʵʵϣҲܵһкܿ£ɱˡ
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δ䣬ǰŷ޻ڣͻȻӿֳһɲ·޾ĲԭҰղ紵
ǿڳ˶ޱȡ
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ŷ޻ؽסҵľУһƺңúѪɣһսܱ
Ժĵǣʱһܲѡ
Ҷ쿴Ǳߣ׷ЦݣûʲôȺ⣬ŮӣҲֻ΢ȶѣҵİܱ
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һǧ˰پʮ ս
Ӯˣ̫ˣŷ޻ӮˣһЦݡ
ôڿǴԺ˻ǾˡҲЦˡ
ҶɫĮû⣬Ϊ֪ŷ޻ڻӮ
Զ׷תͷղԪЦѣ츳Ⱥ»ᳬԽ㰡
ҲᳬԽңܹǳԽҲİղԪЦ˵Ȼŷ޻ȡʤܿġ
ʱһǷϵ˹Բ𣬴ϣˡ
׷߰˰֣Ц˵ŷ޻˵ʮġϢòԹˣ죬һ쵽ôԴ󣬻ȥú÷ʡԺŬǡ
Ͻѵǣҵͷ˵
սֻһСղԪôžһ˽ԺԺԺѾڵȺˡ
ŷ޻Ŀȥ漴תҶˡ
ŷ֣ɵƯ˷ܡ
ŷ޻ȴǿЦҡҡͷ˵ֻһĴʦֶѣǾ죬жĴʦ֡Ĵʦ㡭һһ
Ӯˡޱܡ
ֱۣЦͣȥףһ
˵꣬Ҷͬͬ⣬Ҷߡ
ŷ޻ںҲȥ

ԺһĴ
ղԪžһ˽
ڣԺԺתˣĿں׷ϣɫƽ˵ԯգôǴԺˣ
׷ߣҲԯԣЦ֣ϼһǵõǵ£ڶΪ˴ԺԺˣôۻôС
ԺԵЦǴԺǺɨǴԺĵӣҺղԪöϡ
ԯչЦǶǶǰˣ˵ʢЩǻ
ô㻹Ƕһҷ㣡ԺЦ
ԯæҡͷ㿴׳𣿶ԸղԪãһЩգȻԴһڸԺӱΪԺԺʵǿˣҲŲɵء
޷ϴˢĳˣԺЩź˵
ԯ˳飬˵ôôСˣҲһʶǸǴһϢ
ŶʲôϢԱߵղԪóʵ
ԯյЦǾһλʱմʱзһͨͨսĳһ·Ŀռܲȶֻͨͨͻ
սղԪԵһɫصǲ߽սսֿµĵطҲȥ
ԺƬ̣ԯճֻǿߣҪһЩ˽ȥ
ٺ٣ףЩԵĥһȺСһǣ˵Щջ񡣡ԯЦ
УղԪҡͷǴԺ룬ֲǲ֪սֻ߲ʸ̤룬ЩСһǽȥֱȥ
ղԪѣˣǷֵֻͨͨսһ䣬޷սԯտЦ
ҲУղԪóǿǻս߽սʱ涼ֻڻңǿ߶п䣬ȺСһȥ
Ե棬ͿôѡˣǾȥˣǴԺԸԸȥǣҲֻǱͬĽһԱ֪ͨǡԯߵ
ղԪЦôģ
ԯ֪̾ǴԺһֱΪǾħһ߹ŪˡȲ˵ͻĽ粢ǵжԵģǾĹزôһпԼģΪһԱѡ磬ЩҲڻĽ硣ңѡڻĽ磬ҲϣĽܹǿʢʱһ
ô˵ս̫ΣˣοǴԺĵӻṳ̂磬ʺϽȥղԪҡҡͷ
ԯտԺ
ԺĬƬ̣漴˵ǸǴԺסϢһʱ䣬ҿǿǡϾô飬һ˿Ծġ
һԪҵһԪһԪһ뿪ԯ˵߳
ȥϢԺղԪ˵
ǲѾˣղԪû뿪ɫӵؿԺ
Ժ΢΢Цʱ򣬸øһѡĻᣬǵ·ԼȥߣǲӦǿǡ
ˣϣľǶԵģղԪ̾˿תȥ


һǧ˰پʮһ ѡ
Ժ޵һڵټ˻ڻľչصĶ죬Ҷڣȫˡ
ǰڵɻı飬޳ǰҲ֪ǴԺһЩĿˣټǹҲһԵǾ񡣡
Եڵԣʱ۾һ
֮ǰħĹĻԵڳĺܶ˽ʮ֮磬лԵˣ̫˾ϲˡ
ʲôԵħĹһ𣿡ʵ
ҡͷεĻԵǳΣգҽȥˣҲȻԺҸǣԼѡ񣬵ϣǲҪȥμӡ
˵ɣˡЦ
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޵һۣ漴˵սӦö˵ɣ˷һͨͨսһ䣬ֻͨȶֻ롣
սڵԣʱɫ䡣
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޲ؿҶһۣûѯʲôǽ͵߽սӦɣս߽սսÿһ߽սʱ磬һ·ͨս˵Ψһ絽ʱҲһ·ͨսֻǴ˵û˼
ԵǴҲΣգҲȥġЦ
ص˵ͷ˵ѡǶԵģ߽սʱ߶ֻڻңǽսǼֱΪ
˵꣬Ҷ죬Ҷ죬֪ţ㲻Ҫðˣǲڿ̤ĵط
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޵ʱ漴ƺ뵽ʲôһ̾ת뿪
Լѡɣ޵Ļ
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Ҷһ㶣漴Цѵһɡ˵꣬ʯݴš
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ŷ޻ںҲҶ죬ڴԺĵӵУҶʵǿҽ磬ҶǣǶҶ컹Ǻŷġ
Ҷµǵ⣬ԳڻսҲǵһ˽⣬ȻŻȥħҲȥҾͱȥȻǸҪǡ
ŷ޻΢΢һЦҲ㣬Ƕкξ壿
ٺ٣ǷģҵŲֽһЩһԲ֣ڣǵӺܶ౶˵
ԿЦҾӰɣϾѾǺܶˣٴλԵҾҲϲˡ
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һԪ󣬾׼뿪ˡ
ԺղԪҶ졢ŷ޻ڡ졢ˣһ뿪
ڴԺſڣһڴԺӣгǣС
Ժ޿ǰҶͶ죬սһԱסΪ
ҶͶμǼ޵ȻղԪһ̤˻ۡ
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ڣԯЩؿҶ죬ԱߵղԪ˵ѣôһ֮ˣȻ֮ҲܽսΪΣյġ
ǰõģʱԽ硣ҶЦ˵뿪˴ԺղԪøţʱҸطչسˣҲõޱıˡ
ղԪöԯյ˵㲻ùԼѡ񡣡˵꣬תȥ
ԯȻɻ󣬵Ҳûж룬ҰҶס£Ҳ뿪ˡ
һǰ·һЦŷ޻ڣǴԺǲûˣʮ֮óû㣬ʱħҲڣСЦˡ
ŷ޻ûгһ¶Ц֮ɫҲ֪Ҷ츳ȴǷǳʱһþ졢ħ˴һ


һǧ˰پʮ ȥ
۷ǳ޴ҶǰסȻʹҴȥˡ
ȥıӰһۿ˵ͣʲôʱҶչ¶ʵ֤ᾪ
ҶȻʧЦһ°ܽʲôûŷ޻ڶˡ
˵ҲԣЦ
ɻ֮ɫؿҶʵҶ죬ôûн磿
Ҷû˵ŷ޻ڱЦǵޱ߻֣ѡ뿪Ժٳ硣
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ңָɱ˰õԺôӣҲҲһˡʱǴҶֽ磬Ǻˣǳһ㡣ҲЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ȽĽ縮֮ۡұ뿪ͻƵ֮һȥǻϡ
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ЦҲŸոս磬ΪЩȶεΣ϶йأҪɱˣ϶Ϊܸߣڿġ
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Ҳ֪˶ãҶ컺۾һµͼǰ޺ˡ뿪ղԪõס
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Ҷ컹ǾܾˣԳЦ˵С£ͲͷԺˣĻ´ν߾磬ҪĽִ߸һ
еǣǴԺǿţڴߵһ̡ղԪԹЦгο͡
ʵҲҶ커ģΪӥҪչ߷ɵģܲһֱĻ³ɳҪȥһѡ
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Ҫ֪ŷ޻ڣҲûбղԪôء
Ҷ죡ԯհס֡


һǧ˰پʮ ɱ
뿪۲ãҶͣˣȻԭز󷨣ʲô󷨣ֻҪģȫӳȥΧ򶼸ˡ
ȲúһУҶ涪ħʬ壬ȻħѨѾˣǵħѨħţֻûħѨĿƣЩħ˻ˣֲһ
ңҶӽȥЩħħǵ棬̺䣬Ҷ֮Ūġ
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ҶޱпָʹһλõԺĳϹ
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ЩҶڻĽʶ⣬ʣµıǡ
ӵħ棬һǱ޺ҶЩҲ棬ʼӴ޺ӴĽ硣
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ǽ޳СΪ֮Ҳ뿪Լ̫ԶϾǵΪڻĽ绹ڵ׵ġ
Щ˶ܹҶ죬ѯҶ¼ʲôʱ
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⣬ҶҲԣ˵ھͻ
֮Ҷֿԣ֪һҲܺãھչ¶ǿ츳֮ѾõǰѾǰˣҪܾòŻ
Ҷ찵࣬ԼһҲ岻츳µȵԴʱʵ϶Լ١
ҶԵظеˣڿʼ׳ȵ֮ԽԽ࣬ƬããĽ磬Ȼ֮ء

󷨣
ޱ߻شһ̤նģһƬŤĿռڣ޷ݡ
ʱǰƬֵĻ֮дŲм⡣
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Щͼ󷨰һ
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˭ΪδұչأҶǰӣȵ
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ޱģҶ첻ٷϻֱӵݡ
΢¶֮ɫ̶Цͦģϧ㲻ǻõԺĵӡ
˵꣬Ҳٷϻҹζֱ࣬ӳȥһƺݺݵҪ׾ɱҶ졣


һǧ˰پʮ 
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Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬ԷĳһƣǹйѾΧʱѣɼδܷǳֲ
ȻһǧٱҶսǳҪǿ
дɱȻҴ߶ħ֣ҲֵסСҶ찵뵽ͶӰʧڰеı壬ңң󷨵ķ
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Ȼ֮ȴûпҶӰһ߾ħʬ飬˷ϯ
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ŭҪ㿪ȴ˷ȫ䣬һЩ䶼Ѿ֮ڡ
ʵֻҪһЩЩҲδܹκεϾǳ֮Ƭ̣϶ҲܼƬ̡
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㲡ҪҶɲŹĺûᡣ
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ӼֱҪˣһһǴԺڻĽ統УҲһǿߣȻһСһ֮ᣬֱǳ裬޴ĳ衣
Ҫ̣Ϊڵ̫̫࣬ǿˣȫѹƣҶ춯֣ԼˣԱѡҶƴ
磬мԸɱҶҲûɱ֮𣬶ֻǼɵҶ츳ɵҶԺвǻõԺҪ˵ޣĺܵ
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ȵԱʧҶѾӵӰԷϾҪӵĻ׷ϡ
ҶҲûҪɱԷϾһλҪѶԷƼˣԷ϶Աѡͬھ
һ˵ԱԱˣҶЩϧǼĻ漴ѩ仪սףѸ뿪˴˵ء

޺Ļ棬ܶɢ޶Լƹܡϵķһ಻ʤǡ
Ҷ޺󣬱㰴嵱꣬ҵ档
棬־Ҫ档֣ҪԼӵݣΧ壬Ӷ𵽱Ŀġ
ϾɲûĴԺΪĵӣħҪӣĽĴСǲҵ
ҶԴǷǳͬġ


һǧ˰پʮ 
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ŷ۾ʥҶʥһá
ЩҶİ½𾳽磬ھλ֮ҲǲԴЩǲϿޣкܶ඼ﵽ۷壬Բ硣
ͻƵֻ֮ĸˣıһﱾԲֻ֮һţڵõԴ󣬼Ͼͻˡ
ڶͻǽ޳С
ǵĸˣȴ˭Ҳû뵽嶼û뵽
˽ФǵҶյĵλӡ
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һƽˣȴǸڽ޳СΪ֮Ϊ֮ʱ˶ˡ
˰ɣ޴Ļ棬ŷ۾ɨˣ˵
˽޳СԼչо󷨵Ф˶ˡʥ˵
ֻڣһԣһϤӰ
ŷ۾ʥҶʥа֮ӡħ𡭡һϵкҶϵܵˡ
ЩΪҶĹϵΪĹߣΪ֮ûʸ顣
ң޳СΪ֮͸û˸ҺЩˡ
֮Уŷ۾ߣ˭Ҷͽء
شҲյϢŷ۾ܣ϶Цݣ˵Ҷ˴ԺһΪ˴Ժǿӣ˵һ޴ĺϢ
˵ŷ۾ɫؿͽܹӰ۾ȥʹ棬ҶΪԺӵϢܼңһǲɵôټһԺҶ죬ҲǻҼѺɽ
ǣʦ𣡡Ӱ۾վ
һȥи֮ţҲܰĵ㡣ʥ
Ӱ۾˵ͷ
ȵӰ۾ȥԱߵҶʥüʦ棬ôҸ׻˵
ŷ۾ߵһСҲҪͷҶ죬̫ˣңһɽҲ⺢ܵϾǵпܳΪ֮ˡ⣬ҶԼҪαΪһЩСʱ䣡
ʦ棬ܼʦ⣬ѵһѾûĴԺҶʥһǵ
ԱߵʥԲСʥܼҲǲ壬Ѿڹ˼ǾӵݣĻɽ˼ˡ
ʱҲ˵Ѿ̽ˣܼ˰ħұħħλ͡ΪˣȻɵݣҲ£Բһǧԭʯȥˡ
һǧԭʯôȥǵĻԭʯһҲٿ飬ͱùˡңɽһԲ㱻ūҲûôԭʯǿʦݣҪûһʰɡҶʥҧгݣһߺ˵
ʥ̾ϢϧûлǵϢҲ֪᲻£
ŷ۾æҡͷܣǳ£϶ӦңǰҶ첻Ҳʧ𣿻綼ϵ϶ΪԺط˻磬ȻҲĵط
ţʦ˵ĲҶʥͷ
ŷ۾Ҷ岻ֻͬǾͨӣûʲôҶѾΪԺǿӣԺûˣҲһССܼҿԿģҾͲǸͬʱʹԺĵӡ
ˣҶ쵽ˣ
ʹˣڸ޺·ϡ

ʵϣʱҶѾ޺ˡ
ŷ۾ǻΪҶֻǵͼ֮ϾҶ뿪ʱŶ֮ҲĽ֮Ͼ֮֮ѡ
ȴ֪ҶѾʮ֮ˣʱ̤硣
⣬ҶҲ޸ˣ·ٶȺܿ졣
Ӧþˣ
֮Уһ۷Ӷ
˶ԶԶģܹ۵ˣҲ߽֮ǿǵġ
Ǿ𣿡ԶĻشɢڼѵظ·һɢ̧ͷԶȥۣЩʵ
𻺻ջĿ⣬Ľ̾ǰǾۣҿӻǸ߼ۣһײײǡ
֪ʲôʱӵһۡ
ǺǣӰ㻹Ƚ֮˵ɣ͸㣬Ҳʹòˡ

ˣ뿪ĹӰ۾


һǧ˰پʮ Եܼ
档
Ҷۣ̤棬ʱӴĻѹΪӲѹƵ𾳽硣
̫ǿˣ
ҶЦ
֪ΪʲôһЩǿ߶Ը˵ĻˣΪʵжôǿߣǿߣڻ棬㶼ᱻӲѹƵ𾳽硣
һ˲ɷ˵ĸоЩǿ˵ʵڲܡ
Ҷ죡
Ҷ췢֮ʣԶһϲ
Ҷ̧ͷȥս޼ɵ΢΢һЦսþò
һڻˣս޼Цŷ󣬻ӰһؿҶ죬вʱ¶֮ɫ
Ҷǰ
찡ҾȻۿҶǰˡ
Ǵ˵еҶǰʱλ֮һ

ս޼ǵۡ
ЩǣҶ쿴ս޼Ⱥˡ
ս޼ЦⲻżҲЩ˵ŷ۾ҸӴЩˣȺС츳Ҿʹһ𣬳ʶ
˵գս޼ЦһȺӣ߰ɡ
ȻƣЩĻȫҶһ񣬱Ҵȥ
ӰҶ첻̾ʱû뵽ǶϸʱϹŶˡ
㿴һᰡݴ½һμһս޼Ц
ݴ½ǣֺ뵽һ죿ҶɹȻЦ
˽̸֮䣬ŷ۾ҶʥǶһһ
һЦ̸صʥ
ڴ棬ŷ۾Ҷ콲ЩһЩҪ飬Ҳ˴һԼľ
Ҷ޳СǰȥμӾĿʱɵþȵһһ֮ɣôôżȥμӿˣ
ŷ۾һЦ
Ҷʥ˵ףģС̵ĵɽǵðɣʱСĵ˷ʹܼҵүӶλүѺǶԷЩɵʦӵݣɽͱɱˡ
ŷ۾˵ܼҲеƣиħҲ̫ɵ壬Ǳ˴ǲ̸йûԭʯɽҪ̫ˡ
Ҷ治ɫʵҪ۶٣
һǧԭʯҶʥҧгݵ˵
Ҷ۾һУЦôĿһǧԭʯһǧ㣬ǰҪǡ
Ҳôģʦһֱϵϣ֮£޳ʦСʦܾȥ쿼ˣΪҲ˾죬ôӣǸܼҾͻɵˡҶʥ˵
Ҷ˵ˣʱ䣬һһ˷ʹ档
Ҷ죬ȱżѾ͹ӰȥˡҾо壬ټλԺĵӣػԷӼɵӶŵɽŷ۾һ˵
ҶüǴԺûˣԷδػݣңǹѺɽôãѵŵͿ˽Ҳ̫˰ɣøһѵ
Ҷ죬ԷϾħĹϵ㲻£أʱܲһֱ汣ԣҾûǶһ²һ£ϾŸոڻĽ㣬ʱӦý´УӦõ͵طչԺԽԽ࣬滹кξ壿ŷ۾˵
ҶԳĬŷ۾̫ˣĽһǿʳĵطΪҪ͵ܵ͵ʱ򣬾㲻ȥǱˣҲ㡣ֻеչ¶õߡ
ŷ۾ϾҶʦҶҲܵڲŷ۾Ҳ̫Լʦˣŷ۾ϲ˵ʲôʱ϶Ҳн٣Ҷ첻ϣΪһСԼʦĤ
£Ҷʦ˵ҲԣǾȵȴʦֺ˵
ţҲȥɣЩǿ϶㡣ŷ۾Цŵͷ
Ҷ漴˸ȻҶʥĴ£صҶҡ
ŮۣҶܵѵõ֮֡
żʱ䣬ҶҲָԼĶصָҶʥϾҶʥѾԲˣʱп֮ܽ硣
Ҷָ£ټϺĻԭʯҶʥܿ죬ָ֮տɴ
Ҷ죬ˣһ죬ս޼һϢҶ켴ɸʥ
ҶʥҶһ˲Ƶʥ
ڣŷ۾ɫѿЩҶ쵽ʱЦҶ죬Ϊʦ̫ˡ
ʦ𣬲ҪżڡҶ򶨵˵Ĵݲȣôڵ˰·ֻҪҶڣôһ鶼顣
ֻŷ۾ܼ˴ϢǴǧԭʯȥʹˣɽ𡢹Ӱˣһһǧԭʯ
ʲôǾȻѹӰʦҲѺҶʥʱŭ
ҶɫҲܵɽܼү˭˭ƽ޹ʵؿѺӰǾ̫Եˣ̫ˡ


һǧ˰پʮ һȭ䱬
ܼҵ̫Եˣս޼˵
ǿΪǿʳ滹ֻ̫̾Ϣ
Ҷתͷŷ۾ʵʦأ
ֻܼǲһ˹ܼҵĴܼңܿˣһ߽֮ڣ棬ǰȥʹˡŷ۾˵
ȻţߣҶһֱվ߳
æȥ
һǾʹڳˣһ۾ͿԵһҾ޴ۣԱ߻վһͷưİ׷ͷ
ܼҵĴܼܿˡ
ϣ˻أǲǾ˶ڰϧ֮⣬һ֮ûУһȺ
ܿ˿˵ǳһ䣬ȻĿҶϣΪڳˣֻҶ¶֮Ϣ
ȻΪҶԼʵڰ׷ͷҶֻһһ׵֮ѡ
û뵽ֵһλ֮ϧֻһ߽֮֮ǰһܿ˶Ҷ첻м
ŷ۾ŭȵܿǰɽСĵүΪҪѺ͹Ӱ
˵Сܿؿŷ۾˫֣Ȼ֮ɫѺˣô죿ʶģϽϵǱ壬ԹԽǧԭʯ˾ˡ
ŷ۾ɫôҲǾĵӣѵܼҲµ죿
ǺǣǱŰ죬ʵжǿܼҵ棬ڲǰѾ磬Ϊħһˡܿ˰Ȼ˵
ŷ۾ɫһ䣬ǶʱΪʲôܼһͻȻޱȰԵԭΪҲüɵˡ
£˵Ŀ⿴Ҷ졣
Ҷ춢ǰܿˣ˵Ҹʱ䣬ϵܼңɽˡ
ܿһ㶣Ҷ죬ͻȻ巢عЦ˵ʲô˵һ飿Сһǲ̫ˣΪԼ֮磬;޵Ҫ֪ǻĽ磬һ֮ײĴڣҲһͼϰˡ
ܿ˷·ʲôЦһЦûᶼЦˡ
䣡Ҷûϻֱӳ֣ܿȥ
ˢܿ۾һУ֮б貵⣬ػƳա̧ͬƣҶӭ
Сһǲ֪ߵغϷ֪ܿ˻û˵꣬ҽһ˶ҶһĳѪ
Աߵŷ۾ˣȫɴ۾š
ɣǿ߽֮ս޼㶵
һƾͰһ߽֮䱬ˣ
˵һ
ֻҶһ֮ɫ·ղŵһֻĳûкķѶʵϣҲȷˡ
䣡
һ졣
ǰ֮Уܿ۳壬ɫ԰ףг˿־壬ŵصҶ죺һ֮ܣ㵽˭ܼΪУѵ㲻֪ܼΪħĳ𣿡
ԭ֪ǸղѾ˵ˡҶ쵭˵
ܿһǰ׳գǰ֪ܼҳһλħĳϣҲ治ɫ϶
£ܿ˳ǰ˭Ӧò˰ɣαزأܼһӣ˵ܼλħϵõ
ǺǣŪˣҾˡҶ쵭˵Ȼٴ̧ƣӿֳһǿϢܿѹȥ
ʱܿ˸оΧĿռ䶼ˣһǿѹȸѹЩ
ǰ֮ܿɫ
Ҷ˵ϻˣϽܼҴѶǴɽ˹Ȼ׼ʬɡ
ǰҾܼҵһܼң˵ĺǴܼң˵ĲһˣҾѶҲδػܿԿЦ
Ҷһô˵ûôˣ˵գҶŨҵɱ
ܿһæ˵ǰҿ԰ƭܼҡ
ô˵Ҷؿ
ܿһҧҿƭܼҵ˵ǵСҪһֽǮһֽˣǾͻ˹ˡ
Ҷȵ
ܿæ¼磬ϵܼҵˣϢܼү
Ҷ￴ţҲˣϾϧԼС
һУҶӡסܿ˵Ϊս޼Ѻ
Ҷŷ۾˵ʦţҪܼҵˣ֪ͨҡ
ŷ۾ͷܣϾҶһֻ־׺䱬һ߽֮ǿʵӡе嶼Ҫǿࡣ
ȻЩҶѾɳһ߲ʵľ硣


һǧ˰پʮ 
档
ҶԺĹѾѡ޾ս䡷˵㣬Ϣ˵㣬ջñ䡷˵ڰ˲㡣
֮Խô죬Ҷ츳֮⣬ҪҶʵﵽʮ֮۷徳磬ҲǿΡ
ͺñһѧȥѧϰСѧе֪ʶǿ϶һǧԺĹԽԽѣҶٶȾҪһЩˡ
ΨСջñ䡷Ҷо˳֣ٶȺܿ졣
ҶһֱоԭһʼΪԼǿŹٶȺܿ졣ҶȴˣΪ걦䡷ڣջñ䡷׺ܶࡣ
걦䡷͡ջñ䡷һһĹֻ걦䡷Ҷ˵󣬾ûкڵȼԶԶ硶ջñ䡷
վ;ͬ飬Ҷ걦䡷Ļڣͱȱ˸һЩټ츳Լڵǿ̶ȣԲڡջñ䡷ܿ졣
⣬Ҷݡջñ䡷õѾˡ걦䡷ĵĲ㹦Ϊһ档
һͷһ档
һɣԺǿ
ˣҶջñ䡷ʱҲݡ걦䡷ջñ䡷Ͼǻ㽫۷徳磬ҲȲϻˡǡ걦䡷һŹȻǴӵ㿪ʼѾҶԼٵڵĵĲ㣬ҶԼơ
˵걦䡷ҶԼĹԼĹ϶ʺԼʱ򷢻ӳҲǿ
ˣֽ׶Ρ걦䡷Ӳ˶ҶҲŹǼݺ
ףܼҵˡҶʥ洫
ҶԻ۾漴߳չ֮أˣ뿪档
治ԶĻشһۻ٣ŴɳһǿӰʵ͵ĶĽ߽֮֮ҲʮǴӵһ꣬ڵط˹
Ҷ췢֮Էλܼүˡ
Ȼŷ۾ҶԱѵҶ죬һܼүԪ
Ҷɫص˵ͷ
ʱλԪүѾһȺҶǰͷư˵ԭʯ׼ףܿأ
Ҷ˻ֻ֣жʱƯǧԭʯ˵Ŀⶼ
öԭʯ
ô࣡
ЩȻ׼ǧԭʯ
˵ǵ˾죬ԷھλҲ͡
ΣܼҵɶѾΪˣħĳϣѵȲһĵӣ

棬һȺܼҵ۷׷ףһ۾ȵؿҶǰǧԭʯ
ԪҲһ˿ɫص˵ͷ˵ʶ࣬ԭʯùɡ
УǻԭʯҪܿ˵Ĵˡ
ҶԵ˵أ
ܿ۾һУųһ˿⣬ǰĻԭʯϣûзǻ˻֡
ʱһܼҵ߽֮ѺǱ˴Ϸ
ҶһȻŭ졣
ֻɽӰˣӡΪȻһ͸ǵ壬ҽһֱûǵˣǵϡ
ǡŷ۾ҧгݣŭ
ҶʥҲŭ죬ɱ
ԪмƳһۣ漴Ҷ죬˵ԭʯ
ѹûҶǷְԵţ·
ȻҶ˻֣еǧԭʯ
Ԫ۾һУɱصҶ죺ʲô˼
䣡ҶûиϻһɫӰڳɢǿѹڳ˶ѹסˡ
һ̣Ǹɽ˵ܼ߽֮ҶڳӰһȭ÷飬궼ˡ
ӰץסɽˣѸٴҶŻΪڹʧˡ
һĻĺܿ죬ȵڳ˷ӦʱɽѾȻˡ
㡭㵽˭Ԫɫ䣬𾪵ضҶ졣
ɵҲ֪Ҷʵǿÿ£ԶԶһ˿ԿġϾղҶ嶼ûжãһ׺ɱµһ߽֮֮ʵ̫ˡ
ܼҵļԭʯˣһǧԭʯһˡǲ׼ʬɡҶ˵꣬㽫ȫѹӡ
ʵľԲǰЩ˼࣬Ҳû˿ĻᣬȫҶӡΪս޼ܡ
ֻʣǸԪܼүҶ¼磬ϵܼҵļˡ
Ԫеķŭǰǿ֪ܼҵѾΪҳΪħĳϣȷҪܼΪ𣿡
žҶֱ˦һƣҪϻԪҧгݡ
ŷ۾ȴ÷ǳֻог죬޲ôЦ


һǧ˰پʮ 
ʹ죬̫̫ʹˡ
þûôˬˡ
ܼҵ˲Ǻû뵽Ҳʱ򡣡

ս޼һЦݡ
ǿҶֱ˦Ԫһƣָо̫ˬˡ
֮ǰԪǰǵϵģֲһư̬вˬˡ
Ҷ죬Щȴˡս޼ѺЩܼˣҶĿѯʡ
Ҷ쵭˵²кܶãЩܼ˷ǵսЩ˱Ͼ֮㱻ҷӡΪҲܡʹ򡯣ȺСһﾡĥ
ģս޼Զʱϲ
ܼҵˣһȻǾҶʵҳ
ΨԪŭôҪܼҳΪˣܼ治Źġ
žҶ֣ٴ˦һƣԪӶˣúޱҡ
ҶָǶս޼˵ǲϣܴǣɱҲûϵ
Ҷ䣬ɱʱԪ˵ˣúǰֻ̣żҶĿ⣬Թ֮ɫ
ҶԴ˲⣬Щ˶һȺϣˡ
ЩҶٴαչˡ

ܼҡ
ܼҵļյԪĴѶ֮󣬶ʱŭˡ
ܼΪʹĶ壬ټһħ棬޺Ҳһǿļ壬ʲôʱ˸ǣ
οǵѾΪΪħĳϣĽ磬ܼҲСˡ
Ȼʱ򣬾Ȼ˿ѺǼĵϵӵܣȻҪ
ֱڴܼҵҪǸܼǳΪ޺Ц
ԣܼҼյԪϢ֮ϾʹżĳϣԸ档
ⲻҶոձչһʱ䣬Ҷʥ֪ͨ˵ܼҼһȺڣҪǹԹԷųԪˡ
ߣȥҶЦһҶʥȥ
һҶ뿪棬û˳
⣬ܼҵ˲ֻ࣬ʮˣʮˣʮ֮һʵǿޱȡ
ǿҶһλܼҳ϶ʱץҶ죬ЦһȺȻҲðܼңֱ
ǲ񰡣ҶЦһһָħӡǿΪһìͬ죬ޱȷ˲λܼҳϵƣҽ嶼̴ˡ
ۣ
λܼҵʮ֮˲ͱشѪɣȥ
⻹ҶԵʡ
ͬʮ֮Ҷ켸վ۷壬磬ҲֻĻ۱ǿһЩˣ˭ǿ
͹ħ绹صţҲࡣ
ܼҵĳϣʮ֮Ĺ̫ԺľŽ֮ȲϣҶǲһ
ʲô
ܼҼ𾪡
λܼҵĳȻʵʮ֮˴ҲˣȻҶһָشʵҲ̫˰ɡ
ͬԪǣܼҼϾмʶɫصؿҶ죬֪ǳĸܼţħϣҲ͸ЩҲ˵
ϵˣҺħ˸Ҳţֱûԭʯ˰ɡǸղŶҳ֣Ҳҵķ²ǣһʮˣһһǧԭʯһǧԭʯɡҶ˵
ܼҼһϣ˵ǧԭʯܼòõóҲܸҶ졣
ܼҼһλϸ̲סŭȵܼңŲƹģҪԭʯˣΰɣȰ㻹ǹԹԽܼҵˣȵŵȫҪ
䣡Ҷ˲ȭչ֣䣬һӴѹΧĿռ䶼ˡһ̣ȭ̫ͬâҫ۶ĿһɺƺƵһӱڲϣܼҳһƬû¡
ܼҼͫһŭʲô
Ҷ˵ڻʣʮһˣһһǧԭʯǲ뽻ԭʯҲУͿˡ
ܼҼѪҲҶĿʵԿġ£ҧгݵغãھϵţҵҪʲôӣħһλϡ
㣡Ҷ첻ͷشߴٵ
㡭ܼҼŭ뵽ǰλܼҳϵ³ʱ˸ɵæ¼磬ҵϵš
Ƭ̺
ֻУһ޴ĹĻ˲гһߴӰĿ࣬һɫۣ͸ɭȻϢ


һǧŰ Ի
£
˾ţԵúȣ򶨵ƳһҶ죬漴ܼҼʵ
ܼҼæ˵棬ץܼҵˣڸвǣǽܰ˴ߣҪһһǧԭʯ
գĿҶ죬˵ţħ½ϣ֪γƺ
Ҷ죬ԺԺӡҶ쵭˵ޱ飬ʲô
ߣԭǴԺģһûĵطҲܼңܼҼԳЦ

ûҶ˵űȿںȵ
ܼҼһϣؿš
ŵһۣȵԺǺεȴڣǿǻĽʲôʸСԺҶֵǸ
ҡԲҶӣܼҼЩģҲҷţԹԵصǸϾŲ棬ܼҵĿɽţܼƨ
ŴʱҲ˵Ҷ֣ǱǸ㿴ЦˣǶСطˣûʲôʶ
ҶЩ⣬ȣôܼԵŵˣҶҾͲΪҶ춨棬Ҷˣܵʹġ
ԴԺħĹϵӦòôŶԡ
дŲ⣬Ҷȴޱ̹Ȼ˵ûϵ˵ҲǴԺȷûˣʵ
ŹЦϴھ죬ԺĴʦֶһ棬ġҼ°ˣξۻᣬǴԺ϶μӣزúҾͻٴμԺĴʦˣҲ֪ûС
ʦѾ硣Ҷ쵭˵
ͫһ漴ЦǱȻԶֵ츳磬ˮɡ
˵գŶԱߵܼҼȵǶʵʵشҶҪȥ죬ʱ·޺ʱߡҪסεĽѵԺ㣬ҪˡҶִ˲С˹һΣһЩѷ֮»ֱɱǣʱǶûлᣬֻܸʬˡ
ѵǣܼҼʵʵصͷ
漴Ҷ죬ЦҶ֣ͷȴһʱ䣬һᾡ޺
ãҶ쵭ͷ
漴رջ磬˽Ի
ҶӡܼҼܼҳϵΪӸս޼Щܼ˹Ѻһ
һԣŷ۾üҶ죬ŵ̬ЩԾȣôܼôԵţ
ʦ棬һֱħ˼ɲˡҶʥ
ŷ۾ߵҶʵǿҲûҶ˰
ΪҶҲѹţ˭ˣҶʥ˵
ŷ۾ͷͶֳô϶Ҳᶨ棬ôŰԵˡ
⡭Ҷʥ˵ˡ
Ҳ˵ŷ˵ĲźܲԾٴҲҪѯһܼҲǽİɣʶʣ׼Ҳ̫˰ɣħϵݡҾпסǣǻɱܼ·ʱ򣬲Żᱩ¶ԣҹǧԭʯǲύġ
ô죿Ҷʥʱ֮ɫ
ȴǿҶ죬ϳڴҶ죬ǲѾΪˣĻ㲻һ㶼ɵţܼҵЩʮ֮ȻһȭӲסֻеʵɡ
ʲôҶΪˣŷ۾𾪵
ҶʥҲ𾪵ؿҶ졣
ǸղҲҶǿƻɱܼҵһλϣܼҵһλϣʵǣûҶΪΪӵǿߣǺҶôͽ硣
һڴı飬Ҷ쵭ЦĿǰһʮֻ֮ΪǴԺǿ֮ͬУЩͨʮ֮ûʲô𡣲ھ׼ȥˣʲô˼ҽ֮ʲôˡ
찡ҪһλˣԺ˭档ŷ۾ԴЦ
ҶʥҲܿġ
Ҷκһ˳ɳ֧
ҶҪΪˣ˵ôʵ̫ˡ


һǧŰһ 
ҶϾҪˣŷ۾ǶԵúܡ
ΨɫӣЩεʵҶ죬֪ˣܲܰԺ㿴Ƕǳͬһ棬ܹԺҲаϾЩˣǸζ԰ɡ
ŷ۾ԣ۾һҲһڴؿҶ졣
ҶƳһۣ֪ҰģԲǿߡֻǺҶ嶼˫˫֮磬˸ǰ˴Ժ;죬ǰ;
ȻҲΪ֮һ׵֮ڻĽ磬Ǿǵ׵Ĵڡ
ܼҿѺĴ
ʱҶ춼ҪΪˣҶһЩҲ˶١
ԱҶ壬ԽԽ࣬Ȼܲġ
ڴı飬Ҷ쵭ЦǴԺˣһ㶼ɵյӣңҽ֮󣬱ҪһЩ츳õĵӼԺٵһϡ
۾һϲɫ
Ҳ˵̫磡Ҷ漴ҡͷҲ֪ǴԺû䣬ǴԺ߾Ӣ·ߣֻһЩ츳ǿĵӡңǴԺԴ죬츳Ժǻȥ죬һЩǴԺôࡣ
Ҷ죬㿴ҵ츳𣿡̲סʵ
ҶƳһۣͷ츳㹻ˣǽʹԺУȷҪԺ
츳ǲ˵ģܹ֮ѹ³ΪԲ츳϶˶١
һϲ漴ЩԥҲ֪ԺûˣԴԶԶ졣
ȻԼ죬ΪҪѡԺ
ԺҶ죬ҶѾΪˣԺĻҶչˣ϶ᰲȫһЩ
Щᡣ
Ҷûǿ򼤶ŷ۾ˣ˵Ҳ£ҪԺôǽΪ֮ʱҾʹһǰԺ
ãŷ۾Цŵͷ
Ҷ漴뿪棬׼Ҹطչس硣
ʵϣڳҪˣֻ֮ǰܼҵ鵢ˡ
ҲʱͻˣϾŴħϹҲҪһʱ䣬ÿʱ硣
ۣҶһ·뿪޺ڸĻشѰһصĵطúò󷨣ʼ硣
ֻ֮Уһ޴ʯ棬ҶϥΧһԭʯ֣Χܶ࣬ǧ顣
ЩԭʯҶлۣҽľ޴ջΪԷһҶЩԭʯȫóˣϾ˭֪ҪôӴһԭʯͲˡ
𿴵ҶʱԳ磬û㹻֧ţʱûг磬ԪˣӴ´γѶȡ
ôԭʯҶΪ㹻ˣϾǶ졢ŷ޻ǳ磬ҲֻǺķ˼ԭʯѡȻлľİ棬ǿҪǧԭʯ
ҶȻ츳ߣۻ񣬵ǧԭʯҲ㹻ˡ
ڻĽʷϣҲû˵˳ķѹڵĻԭʯǴ˵еĻۣҲû
䣡
һ죬նŤ
Ҷ쿪ʼ磬ġټϰ˲ħ˲һɽ͵緢ϯ硣
ͬʱҶ챳ƬŤ֮У¶ʮ·ʮĹţ
ͬʱޱߵĻ٣ǹɿµĺ־·޾Ҷ־һ˻֮УΧǧ˲Ҷ֮С
һ̣Ҷڵˮһɢȥ֧Żݻ
ҶЩģ̫ˣϾǻ֧˲䣬ĵޱӴ
ҶæΧĻԭʯڵʵ̫ˣֻܲͣؼЩԭʯ
һԭʯڲϵʧ
ͬʱҶ챳Ҳڲϵš
ʮһʮʮ
һǧ
Ҷиеޱȵĳ죬ûôɵֱˮԷһ򵥣ǧĸȫֳֻ֮Ҫֱվˡ
Ҷһ麣һϵȡˮ֡
¡¡
ں
Ҷǧԭʯ󣬻ڻȥǧĸҲҶ˲ʧ
ֻǴ˿̣ҶıԻѾǧˣԵޱȵĺ嫣ƶְ硣


һǧŰ һ
ǧ
Ҷ֮󣬱ֱĳĽ綼Ϊ֮𶯡
Ҫ֪ŷ޻ţϢ˵ʮ㣬ҲֻǱһǧ߰ѡ
ҶȴǱ˰˰
֮粻һ֮ʮףûлֽλֻгڡڡں۷塣
ڵ£ڵһǧ£ڵǧ£ǧϣ۷徳硣
Ҳ˵Ҷ֮һԾ͵۷徳磬ֱ
Ǵ˵еĻۣڽʱҲ˰ɡ
ڸоǰδеǿ󣡡
Ҷվڻ֮УԻǧǿƣն鿪ƥϢΧʱٶˡ
Ҷоǵĳһȭܽɱλ֮ǰϮɱĻõԺϣҲܹ׽նɱ
ǧ̫ˣǷڴԺڣǧϵĳϣָ
Ҷ˵ԺĳϣﵽǧܾĴԺĵ֮λˡ
˵ҶڵʵԺڵĳǣǿûмˡ
˲ħȻа˲ħҽĻֻܴﵽǧ
Ҷ찵뵽ѡħѨƳħʥ˲ħȻûд
ʡµĿޡ
뿪ˣ
Ҷٳۣ߶뿪
ͻƵĶ̫ˣ»ˣҶȻ壬ҲЩ鷳
ңҪչأϾŸոͻƣҪʱһͻƺ
ڽҶ췢۵ٶ࣬Լ·
ҪһһˣҶ찵뵽
۱۸һǻ϶ûֻۣⶫ۸ܸߣһЩҲҶʱҲû㹻Ļԭʯۡ
֮ǰ磬Ҷǧԭʯڻʣһǧԭʯ
һһۣҪʮڻԭʯҶʱҲֻһ¡
ȻʮڻԭʯҶҲۣ

ޱ߻磬ããУһͨɫĻƿպС
ڻУżʮӰȫϵǿߣһߣΪɲ⣬Ϣͬ嫺Ԩ
һˣħ
β˴ԺսͬʱҲħ
Щ˵УźȻС
Ժˣǰ޺ˣе˽Ҫһ¡֮ɫ˵
Ҫ𣿡ߵ˵
ˣӻԼ졣ҡҡͷ
ã漴򿪻ۡ
˱˱ȭ漴˳ȥʧһƬ֮С
ȥսô飬ôͻȻҪ뿪һô죿Ҳ֪ôġ֮Уɻ
˵ܼҵ鷳
˭ô󵨣ѵ֪ħĳ𣿡
һС¶ѣŵʵױܽ

ӹ޺ʧãã֮С
ͬʱڣҶ컺۾һǿϢѾӰ٣Щɲ⣬·޵Ԩ
һոͻƵǷâ¶Ƴ죬ҲֻҶһӴﵽ۷徳磬Ѿշ磬Եɲ⡣
ʦ𣡡
Զһ֮ФФѾﵽ˶֮硣
ҶФһ¶֮ɫФһֱڱչأҲûгȥôô죿ӦûʲôŶԣ
֪Ф֮磬Ҷͺܲ죬ΪФ츳ã𶼲ܣȴ֮磬һôﵽ˶֮磬ٶҲ̫˰ɡ
ȻҶ˺ܾãҲФʲô⣬ֻһͨĶ֮ս͵Ŀ
ʦ𣬵ǰٶȲûô죬ֻĽͨ磬õ˻Ľϵͳ֪ʶʦĻԭʯһЩ󷨷ؼ˺ΪһǧÿαչزʱΪڲ֪ߡФ﹧˵
ԭ󷨣ҶȻ򣬵ФΪӣΪФ츳ܸߡֻԭĳʼ沢ûʲôǿߣµ󷨵伮Ҳ١ǻĽ粻һĽ̫Ӵˣֹǿߣϵͳ̫ˡ
䲻ڣФͨһΪҲ⣬ֻ˵츳ܸߡ
ľϲ


һǧŰ һ
һҶ쵱ݴ½ʱҲ󷨣ֻǺͷˣҲû취ָФ
Ҷһǧԭʯóһ㣬ھ̻ᶩһЩ󷨵伮͸ФФԼ
ҲԺͽܻΪ󷨴ʦҲ˵Ҷ쿴ФȥıӰ뵽
Լͽܵĵ·棬ֻṩԼȥߡ
ҶԼҶʥҶһЩԭʯͽܣŷ۾а֮ӡս޼Щѣöһʻԭʯ㹻ǰڵˡ
һɢƺҶ컹ʣ°˰ٶԭʯ
Ҷ֣ĳˣ
ͻȻһ档
ҶƤһ̧¶Ц֮ɫ֮оȻǿƣ±˲֪һλ
Ҷ쵱ս޼Ѻһܼ˴Լ뿪棬վڻеš
һڽۣڻ֮죬Ŀƽ䣬ǳһĨЦݣĿҶ쵽
Ҷ쾹Ȼ߳棬΢΢һЩ죬漴˻֣һԭʯʱƯڰУҶǱߡ
Ҷ֣һǧԭʯ˵
ҶĿһɨ֪Щԭʯһ鶼ûм١µ˵ͷЩԭʯ
ܼҵ˶ߣҶ漴ڵս޼
ս޼ʱܼҵʮһ뿪档
棡
棡

ܼҵ˴һţʱڵϣʹ顣
ȵ֪˰ɣҹȥ
ǣܼҼæͷҷʹһ˻ȥ
Ҷ쿴ȥ׼ת棬һӰȴͻȻ󣬵סĹ·
š
Ҷ۾ɫ򶨣ôƽǰţҲ˵
ŵЦҶ֣ܼҵĶԹˣǣħǴԺһֱͷμȻˣٲҪдһ¡
ŶԣҶЦЦؿţǳһĨЦݡ
ʱҲ˵дҲû˼һѣʮһԭʯΪͷ֪ҶΣ
ҶЦղҪһǧԭʯžҪʮһԭʯע˵Էûôֻˡ
գҶߵã
Ѿ磬һЩϲĴڣѾκ
οǰˣҲǰòŽģѵԷ츳Ҫǿ
ҶԼǺŵġ
ˬ죡
ЦЦ漴ӿֳһǿϢı󣬾Ȼ¶һǧƺƵƥͬɽӱ飬ߵ
ҶҡҡͷʵҲ⣬֪η
ҶֿţôĳȳˡſҶҡͷжʱһŭñСˣһһҶ졣
һƺܼ򵥣ȴЯſֲޱߵǺƺƵף綼ڷڡ
䣡
շ飬׻ʱճӡ
޴ħ֣ͨɫڽƣ᲻ɴݣյƣҶͷϷݺѹ
ȭ
ҶһӶȭͷգҵĽ⣬ϵش˷۶ȭͷ۳һɫ̫Ȼ˲ͷųֲΧʱձ顣
ǲ
ŵħֱҶһȭǹɿֲڽɫĹâ£ǳ˲գɱš
ħŵͺһ˲˫ݻսһ޴ĺɫħӰ¶ȻԽԽߴ󣬻Ӷ˫ȭɱڵسҶ졣
˲ħҶЦһɫӰһģһͬڳ˳ӭȥ
¡¡һ˲䣬ŵĺɫħӰͱҶİ˲ħϡá
㣡ͫһ֮ɫ
һˣҶЦһ߶˶ͷųޱߵ貽⣬˳ȭͷݺݵš
ǲžȭ⣬ԼȭͷҶȭͷ÷飬ֱֻ۶ѳѪ˸ǴѪ
㵽˭
ɫ䣬û뵽ԼҶʵô󣬴ԺʲôʱôǿĵӣǴԺŷ޻ڣҲûôɣԺĶǲôǿ
ԺԺʦ֣Ҷ죡
Ҷһ̤ŵؿڣú߻涼ѷ죬Ҫһ
Ժʦ֣
ͫһ


һǧŰ 
ȻԺĴʦ֣
г𾪺Ͳ⣬ԺĴʦֲǶʲôʱˣһôǿŷ޻ڶҪǿöࡣ
ӮˣҶ츩ŽµţЦ
ŭ죬ȴޱ򶨣ĳˣ޻˵£ӳʮһԭʯҶҲ
ȥǵܼңҶǴ߳ģ˭ߵ鷳Ҷ鷳
ҶЦһת档
ûɱš
ȻԺħУǱϣ˫ǾˮˮɱţǾ͵ڴԺħսˣʱսһСС»ĺܲҡ
˵ޱִϣҶôޱ߾ԲŹûᡣ
Ҷ죡
ſҶȥıӰҧгݣ¶Թ֮ɫ
ħҲһһţҪȻҲͶƽ֣һֱ˳˳ˮûôǱֱǳ衣
ǴӸղŽֵĶ̶ʱҶʵԶԶҪֻѰ
ֻʦǰæˣһʵôǿͻȻ϶׼μӾľۻᣬʱҾܱˣߣ
һ˿ɱ⡣
漴ԦۣѸ뿪˵أֱǰ졣
αԺȴ裬Ѿûˡ

ڣŷ۾ĿҶսḶ́һܣޱϲá
ҶʵôǿԺкξ壿˭۸ˣ
ѾˣҲ뿪ˣû¾ʹ´ιǵ̤֮ˣѡǷҪȥԺ
Ҷ˵գְѸղŵõʮһԭʯŷ۾ָ
Щԭʯټ֮ǰ͸ǵĻԭʯЩ˸ҪȥҲܼӿٶǵ츳Ϊ֮ʲô
Ҷ뿪棬ʹǰ졣

λڻĽ룬кܶ߾ۼǳ֡
νľ죬Ǵ޴½أƯڻ֮УֱΪ½
½һ𣬱˾졣
ÿ½ϣֱַһǳأȴԺҪӴĳǳأΡ׳ۣۻ롣
Ҷ󣬱ϵ˶󶫷ֵܱһӭ
˽һǳأ߱ġ
Ҷ죬ǲǵħˣǰȺһﻹڴϢء˵
ҶԺжʱŵӰ˵ͷ˵֮ǰһšд¡
˵϶ܲңٺЦ
֪һھʱҺдʤʵǿҪǣ˱Ͽܴ󣬵ʵխرҪС
мˣһ㶼򲻹Ҷֱʮǧ
ˣıħħ˼ʮλĵӣбǿв٣ЩȽս󣬿ǾΣˡ
ٺ٣ʱ˵˵գתͷҶ죬ʵҶ֣ڽ磬֪˶
ԣҲ¶֮ɫ
ҶҲûǣ΢΢Цǧ
Բֱۣӱ˴ֿڡ
ǻһͣ˵ˡ
ʵ̫ˣ
Ҷ֣ҷˣŷ޻ڱһǧ߰ѾǷǳˣû뵽㱻ǧֱһԾ۷徳磬Űɴ۾𾪡
һԵĶЩɬ׷Ҷ죬û뵽ҶĲ෴ԽԽ
׷ҶڵľʱҶ¶Ѿ߾ˡ
뵽Ҷ쵱ֻԼսŵСʦܣȴԼ˦ôԶ첻ɵ̾˿˱˰
ˣôã֪ھʲôʲôʱսҶǴܴ󣬲ɵתƻѯʵ
ԣŷе𾪣˵˻ûҪˣܳǰս
֮ʣѾԺŵסһţǾͿԺﴹͷɥɫŷ޻ڡ
ϣʲôЦ
ŷ޻һû˵ǶҶ˵ͷ
ЦȺħˣ⼸һֱǷսҺŷ޻ʵ̲סͽǵսʹһ١ңָҪҶսǷս
ӦŪ˹


һǧŰ Ǳ
һǱӣɵ÷ۣЦ˵ʦְˣôô嶯֪ħĶ֣ȥŰ
Ц˵̫ˣ˵ˣŷ޻ڶ̲סˡ
Աߵŷ޻ڵ˵ͷ˵Ⱥһǣ¾㣬Ҳ㲻ˡ
㶼ˣ˭ģ첻ɵʵ
ҶͶҲŷ޻ڣŷ޻ڿһǧ߰ٶһУǿˣĴԺĵ˶١
ħĵӣѵѾôǿ
гء
ŷ޻ڳ˼ʮˣŵʵֻڵ壬ǿĻĸˣֱǣǡ̷ɽܡǿͺ߷塣
ͫһһھʱźҴƽ֣ұǻˣв̷ɽܣŷ޻ڣ֪
ŷ޻ڵͷ˵ħĵӣͼţǿ˿ӡңͨһսѾǵĵˡһǧʵ㲻ಮ٣̷ɽһǧҿԶԸǷǿһǧŰξǱܵġǸ߷ûг֣ųħǿӣʵǿ˵Ѿﵽǧϡ
ħ̫ǿˣҲǵ츳ǱǿԴ࣬һΪڱࡣɫޱȳء
ħôǿ˵ħľˣĽĴѧԺǴԺǵ׵ģǵʵ١
ǺǣҲô꣬һмЦݡ
ҲͷǴԺʱˡ
ŷ޻ں㶵ؿǣƺֵܷˡ
Ǵ㶵ӣɵЦЦ漴Ҷ죬˵ǰҶҶֿ̤磡
ŷ޻ںԣ۾ʱһ
Ҷ֣˶ЩȲʵ
ŷ޻ҲĿڵضҶ졣
Ҷû˵һԵĶЦ˵ǣҶǧǧĴԺĵǿԿԺɨͬ
ʲô𾪡
ôܣŷ޻˲š
ǧʲôǷǳ
Ҷ֣𣿡ʵ
Ҷ˵ͷЦң
Ѿ̫ǫˣԱߵĶƲ
ôܣŷ޻ĿҶ죬Ȼ˲ţġ˵ʮ㣬ҵġϢҲ˵ʮ㣬һ˵ĴԺĹʮ㣬ֻһǧܹһǧ߰츳֮⣬ҲԺĹûʱԺĹ츳ǿǧҲǶˣôǧ
ŷ֣ŵʱ䣬㲻Ա߹ЦѾĵ˴ԺôǿţڱҶǲǾòģ
ŷ޻Ƴһۣ˵ѯʹԺĵǴԺʷϵǿšĽִߡڽʱҲֻǱǧ⻹ΪĴԺĹ˵ʮ㣬ǰδеĸĳɾ͡
ҲȻ£һ֮ɫ
ҶҲǵһĽִľɵЩ⣬ѯʵĽִ߾ȻŹ˵ʮ㣿Ź츳ô𣿡
ǰŷ޻ڸ̾ҲԺ˵ˣǴԺŹ̺˻ǿѧĽִŹϵ츳ôߣԲ˻ǿѧһ˿Ƥë˺ĳɾ͡
ǺǣԺ˵ϧ츳УǰԺġ޾ս䡷ɡԳЦ
ǰҲйҰģǺ㳬ԽˣҾһ˼ֻˡ
ŷ޻ԿЦҺһֻǰ޷ԽңҾһֱûзҰģֱҶ쳬ԽңҿʵľѧҿȾָġ
ԭĴԺĹ̺֮˻ǿѧصĺһԸпѣҲǵһܡ
Ҳʲôܣ֮ԲѧԱǣҲΪѧԱǰԼԺĹϾǿѧôģѧԱ˶ģֻòʧ
ѧԺȴλʦѡ񣬿ҲǱһ˿ϣ˵ǿѧһλĽִһ˿ƤëҲУѧԺ߲㻹İЦ


һǧŰ սռ
ɲǿǻǿѧһ˿ƤëͳĽִľǿߣѧԺôܻЦ
ŷ޻ڿҶ죬ѯʵҶ֣츳ǸߣҲԺĹоô
ǰǰҶ֣û򵽻ǿѧ۾һæʵ
һۣ˵Ϊǿѧô𣿾Ҷ츳ٸߣҲܸˣĽִҲڳΪߺģȻһ̤ǿС
ȴˣĽִȻǰʱҲֻǧԣҶֵ츳ʤһû׼ҶֽԳԽĽִǰء
ҡҡͷ
Ľִô׳Խ
ЦôҶҲûгϾôˣʲôûУ
ΪǿߵҲУǳԽĽִߵģȴһҲûг֡
˵ĽִǼħۺӽǸεǿߡ
֮ʱ츳Ҫǵ߾󣬸Ҫǻ
Ϊʲôô˻߽սƴΪսĽִߵһʵҲǴ߽սɱģⲻ츳ֲġ
ǺǣԽĽִߣҿû뷨ʱԺĹԺ˵ҶЦ˵
ʵҶԺ츳ܸߣ̫ۣϾľַش֮гΪĽִǱѱжǰ
ˣˣⶼԺ飬ǻôԸħȺһɡƺҶеĵǣһתæЦ
ŷ޻ڡҲǴˣϿʼתƻ⡣
ЦҶ֣һҪұǲ̷ɽǸһֱ̫ˣ˵ʲôһָܺɨǴԺŷֵʵ֮⣬ǴԺͶˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ǲָҪߣھȥһǡ
ߣھʹȥٺ٣ǴԺѹô꣬Ǹüʱˡһ˷֮ɫ
ŷ޻տտ˵ҵһܾˣ
ǿһ˶ŴԺİѹʵ̫ˣְﲻ¾ս
ںˣҶ죬Ҳһˡ
һˣʱ뿪ԺӣƺƵħǾסĵط
˸գΪħĵӺ;ĵȥսռдȥˡ
ֻתȥսռ䡣
ʲôսռ䣿Ҷ·ѯʵ
͵һĿռ£ǾרһдõģǴ򶷣Ҳƻ硣
Ҷ˵ͷЩ⡣
֮ƻѾǳֲˣ˵ˣҪ춼ƷɵػҲٻһЩʧ
ԣרŴһдĵطǺбҪġ
ԺСĽ磬ˡ
սռЩһǿֱӴȥģһʵ硣СĽֻȥھεıƴ
ȻСĽԸģʵһܿ¡
ҶսռʱҲڿսռĿ
νսռ䣬ʵһ޴Ĺ򣬰ڷһ㳡롣վ棬ؿսͬ侳ܺ
ָŹҶ˵Ҫд裬ֱӷɽˣδ򶷣漰硣ͬʱˣҲܹĹսսռƵ̫ˡ
˼Ҷ˵ͷ
ŷ޻ѵսռжʤķʽΪ飬һ屻˷ˣôʹˣʱᱻԶսռ䣬ҲǱˣɱ
ɫѿҾͱ̷ɽһָ壡
ЩͬؿһۣǸ棬֪ж౯ңܵͳЦ
˭ҶָŹսʵʵǿһǧòʤǳҡ
ߵ·Ǹħǣ·ӽʥܣĴʦ֡
Цʥ֪һܣĴʦֵ֣ܺųƾ졮˫ܡܴ󡣡
ҶЩȣֵܵ츳ôߣ漣ȻͶ츳ҲܸߣǱֵܣƺһЩ
ϣⲻǴԺġšô֮ǰܸħˣҪһس𣿡ʱһϷŰЦǱ
ҶתͷʱʮһݺϤš


һǧŰ ǿ
ʣȺˣħĵӡ
ȺУһ۾ͶסҶ죬Ŀһ˿Թֻ֮ɫ
ǰǸ̫ˣȻָҶǣͳָȱ𣿿ϧǴԺŷ޻еʵ⣬˶Ƿһҵһֵָס
̷ɽܣɫҧгݣǱһָܵġ
̷ɽܣǰҲǷѡŷ޻վԱߣ˵
̷ɽͫһ漴Цŷ޻ڣʵȷҵϣֻħڶӵеһԱѣ㲻ʲô㲻ǱǷʦָ𣿡
Աߵ귽ǿ˰֣Ц˵ҲֻǱŷ޻ڶһʱ䣬ŷ޻ڵ츳δػҲ
Եúǫ飬ûв̷ɽܵţҲصĺ
ħôˣҲŰԵ֮ˡ
ǿվħĵӣֻŷ޻ڣôԺļɫѿ
쿴ǴԺĵӣ
Ժħˡ
֮ǰԺĵӾͱħɨˣڻսռ䣿
Ǹŷ޻ڲȻܸ˷ǿ֮ͬУܹûˡ
ԺҲֻһŷ޻õóˡ

ԣΧȺĹע
ԶһЩָָ㣬۷׷ס
̷ɽܵĿưޱȡ
Ŵ
Ҷʱоһ˫Ŀǲ̷ɽܡ
Ҷ죿̷ɽܶҶ죬ʦţǴԺһЩ˲ôҲҺҴһ
պʱսռǺʥܽս˫˫˳
ŷ޻俴Ų̷ɽܣмҶ򲻹ǴԺǿŴһ
Ļڳ˶ݡ
ħĵǣҲ޲
ǿСԺӣȴСŷ޻ڣϾŷ޻ڵʵǿħȺӵУҲֻ˿ѹŷ޻ڡ
ڣŷ޻ڵ˼ԺǿţȻˡ
ʵǲ˼ˡ
ܣ̷ɽǾ죬漴ҡͷЦǴԺˣʲôţ᲻֪ŷ޻ڣΪϷ𣿺ãҾһǴԺǿŵʵ
˵̷꣬ɽܱȷɽսռУճҶ카˹ָ֮ɫ
ߣѰ裡ЦһҶ˵Ҷ֣ȻҴͳȫɡ
Ҷ֣ҺݺݽѵڴؿҶ졣
ŷ޻ںͶҲҶ죬гս⣬ǴԺһѾȵ̫ˡ
ЩԾ
ħһȺӵУǿŴԺˣʱĿ⣬Ҷ졣
Ǹǿߣǿ
ΧħӶˣǷǳ𺳡
ǿ˭ǿħں߷ţŷ޻ڻҪǿˡ
ʦ֣òʦֻ䣿Щ˼ʵ
ǿһۣ˵ѵ˽ʵ
һ㶣漴ڨڨ˵ɲ߱ˣԼҶһиŵˣǼֱ̫ˡ
ʲô
ԶһЩӢۼһȤؿߡ
ոպǽսʥܣɻѯš
ﻹһˣңЦħʹԺֶˡ
ʥܾȵԺ֮ħǴһ𣿳ŷ޻ʵ˿ɶѵǳŷ޻ڣʲôõóֵ
ϢָҶ˵
ʥܿҶ죬Ŀ΢΢һЩ͸˭ôǰû˵
ƲǴԺûˣ˭֪ЩˣСӽҶ죬ڴԺûп֣֪ʵôǾ·ϻûн磬ҹǰòŽģʵӦñȲŷ޻ڡ
̷ɽһǧԺŷ޻⣬˭ܴùʥҡҡͷôԺֱˡ
˵֮䣬ҶѾ̤նϣսռ䡣
սռǳأҶһУͷ·һ硣ǳʯռ䡣սռȷһɣҲ
ҶǣĿռϷǳӲȻûаս顣ԣҪȥĻսռԼȥС
Ҷ죬˵ˣһָɨǴԺ˵ɡ棬̷ɽһȻ֮ɫмسҶ카˹ָ
ҶҡҡͷȻѾԲ磬޵ˡ


һǧŰ 
£̫ˣһһ١սռޱȵĲ̷ɽܣ۾ŭ֮ɫ
ЦɲҵҲǱˣŴӦսˣϣҶκݺݽѵһ
İɣҶһʹһ١š
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˶ʱսռ䡣
ʱ̷ɽѾȳˣֻǶһָһָһħ̴գǳһһᴩ档
ǿһһָԻˣѹ̷ֲɽôţ˵һָɨԺ
ŷ޻ʵˣı̷ɽܸɨˣͲǶ֣Ͷ͸Ӳ˵ˡ
ϧҶ죡찵ֻͬʱЩڴĿսռ䡣
ʱ˶սռۿȻҶûʲôʶǲ̷ɽܵȴܴ󣬱Ͼħĳţ֮ǰսǺʥܻҪǿȻעĿˡ
̷ɽܵʵ̫ǿˡ
һţ뿴䣬ϧԺҲ̫ˣһŷ޻ڣ޵ڶǲ̷ɽܵĶ֡

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ǴԺ˿̷ɽܵţǾĵӣҲԲ̷ɽܲˬ
ϧǸʶҶ죬ԲҶʤ㡣
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ֻսռڣҶʩչȭһȭͷ˲̷ɽܵĹʤ׷һ̤ڲ̷ɽܵؿڣ̷ɽܺɳȥ
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ҶûֹͣǼɱɱٶȺܿ죬ȭǳͣ˫ɫȭͷϵغڲ̷ɽܵϣöԷһƬѪģ
ν˲ҶרŶŲ̷ɽܵԭӢޱȵѾŤΣѪɣˡ
˻
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ˬޱȹ񫣬˷ܵĴѡ
ѾװƣҲܡ
ŷ޻ںͶһЩҲЦݡ
սռУŲ̷ɽ屻򱬣ҶȡʤҲ˳ȥ
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˵Ҷʵŷ޻֮ϡ
ղţǻŷ޻ڴţǾһս˭СҶĴԺӣ
˻ǿʵ̷ɽȫǶ֣ҶļһﵽǺηʥԶȺӣѡ
ʥܵɴ۾֮ɫͬޱȵңЦң㲻˵ʵô𣿡
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һʵǾλʦֵУҲֻкλʦֲܹѹʥܸ̾
ΧľӣԺǱߣûвмĿˡ
һŷ޻ڣټһɲҶ죬ԺʵѾõǵϿɡ
ڣڴǣǿ׻᲻սҶ졣
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Ҷ˷ǿһۣûоֱܾת̤սռ䡣
ҶĹ÷ǿ΢΢һ
֪ҶξԺüģҪûĴԺһϣǾֻһ֡ս
սռУҶͷǿվУ˵ڲϵۣǿա
䣡
Ȼ䣬˼ͬʱȭ˴ײ䣬ǳ顣


һǧŰ ʤ
֮ͬĲ̷ɽܣǿֱҶʵǿû˿⣬һֱȫÿһȭӳԼ۷ս
Ȼս˭ܱȵҶ죿
أ
Ҷ߶䣬һɫս񣬶أϢƳ
չȭһ۽٣ÿһȭɽתǿҡΣսˡ
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ǿҶײ˼ǧȭԼȭͷȾѪֱ۹ͷˡҶ죬ȴԽԽ£ǿޱȡ
Ժĵӣ
ǿһٺˣҶһξ롣
Ȼ֮ǰĽսܵúܲҡ

Ҷ쵭ͷǿĿЩͣ˵ʵȷǿŷ޻֮ϡ
ȻΪԷ̤磬ŷ޻ڽʱ䳤ࡣ
ǲɷϣҲһţŷ޻ڲ˶١
Ҷԡ͸ģǿޱȣսǼֱǰ׳գ˵ǿʵ

ǿһгһѽλһҶɱȥ
Ҷó˽ħӭȥ
ȻħֻǵҶͻҲûжٲࡣ
οҶǿޱȣȻħͬӳ˿ֲ
˼ɱ÷ǳʣ
ħһĵǣȴɫѿ
ţ쵰һʵôǿȻ鷳ǳӰǰɣ̷ɽץŵ죬ŭ֮ɫ
̷ɽ֮ǰһҶ챨𣬵ǿҶȷǿҪ󣬾ϴע⡣ţǰ׳գԱǿŷ޻ڣҶ죬ȻǾ֮
ʦ֣Ҳ֪ôЦǲҶ鷳ˣҶʵħǿź߷С
ңΪУ³ܲңϾ߷Ҳʼձǡ
ߣ̷ɽܷţһٶȿսռ䡣
һԵǾ̾һ̫ˣʦҲģȻĶ֡
ϻǼһԺġǺųǿ幦û뵽ԺȻһš̷ɽ˵
ʦֲɣŵ˵
ǺͲ̷ɽɫһ
󣬻ʵǿĲ̷ɽ˵˵ȻʦֵĽҲǡ̫ˡ֪ڴԺԺǿֻ߲࣬ҪԺ߳ȥˣʵǿЩһļһҪйҪзûʲôȱ㡣
ô˵һ޵㶵˵
̷ɽ񿴰׳һΪֹ㶼Ҳֻǿ壬幦ûңѶȺܴ󣬾ڴԺԺĵҲٵġ
ҿһȻӲͻȻž
̷ɽܺæսռ䡣
ֻսռУҶĽħǿĻò飬ޱۣæħһ˫ɫȭͷӭ
һĻĿɿڴԿֱ漣
ǿǻǿϾʹõ϶ǿޱȡ
ԿרһǿߣҲ
Ҷȴˣ˫ȭȻҪӲޱȣÿһײ÷ǿֱ۲ղסеĻ˸𶯡
̬ǿо
ħӡҶͻȻȭһָǿ
һ˲䣬еȫ۵Ҷָ档һޱȵķգǿָĻˣݺݵشڷǿ档
㡭
ǿ漴Ѫɡ
ؿڷǿؿڣһִѪԵôĿġ
ȫһָһĺǿŷ޻𾪣漴򶫷죬ɻԺľУ
ûУЦ
ŷ޻üһרʹһǿߣѵԺǰ
ҪеĻѧˡЦ
ӦҶֵĻԵٺ١ԱЦ
ǿˣЦ
ǵģǿˡ
飬شܿ죬ǿҲ˲̷ɽܵĺ󳾣ҶӲ򱬡
һ̣㳡ѻȸ˿ҶĿ⣬žη
ܹܷǿҶʵħھ죬һġ
ԺĶŷ޻ǣȫܲѡ
ԴԺ˭СǴԺ


һǧŰһʮ 
Ұˣ
սռ⣬ǿ壬Ŵսռ߳Ҷ죬ɫ࣬أҸоʵֹˣ㡭㻹ʵ
ҶЩȵؿǿ漴ЦЦȥ
ȷʵΪǿһǧŰԸղսʱҶҲֻһǧŰĻǧ׾ܻܷǿˣﻹõŴôá
ʵ֤ͬǿҲҶ졣
ҿҶûнЩ߷ǿǿ»
Ҷ죡
Ҷ֣
ӭ˶Ц棬˷ܲѡ
̫ˬˣ̫ˬˣǿ̷ɽܱһ٣Ҽֱͷˬš˷ܵ
ƳһۣǵϢ㻹ԺĴʦ֣бԼ´һسӣѲ̷ɽ
ߣһŬģǼһҲͱȽѣһġս⣬Ҷħڶ͵ţǿġ
ŶЦ
ŷ޻ڿҶ죬ɻôʵ
ʵѹںһļ𣬲ܿóħֶΡҶЦ
𾪣ԭҶʵѹںͷǿһļ𣬾ǿ䣬Ĳԩ
ŷ޻Ҳ𺳲ѣԼҶĲԽԽˡ
Ҳ˴˴ĸͬԺĳɾҲԽԽԶ
ԣ֮ǣڴʱǿĸԼΪǿ
ˣŻᲽ
ȻҲ˴ɣ˺ϡ١
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߰ɣǻȥɣҸջûüݼԺءҶ˵
漴뿪㳡Χ˶Զÿһ·Ժüˣ˭Сǣ
Ҷƽ֣ܿʹ鿪
ħĵǣ֪˴Ժһţħڶŷǿ֡
һǿߵ֪£Ҳ𾪲ѡ

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ҶǰݼԺղԪá
ղԪãҶ𾴣ԷǴԺǰִϣչˣһλһҪʢԺǿߣֵ𾴡
Ҷ죬Ȼûʧսռս̫ˣûиǴԺղԪùЦҶĿ⣬ο֮ɫ
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ղԪð˰֣˵ǰͲҪǫˣ˵˵ɣ˶
ǧҶûֱ˵Ȼ𺳣Ҳֹţ̫ͻأ
ңղԪΪֱԺǴԺĸ߲㣬ҶݣҲϣõղԪýһĿأҲҶڴԺ
ȻղԪԣ˷ܣãõúܣǴԺһλšҶ죬ǧҪɣŬδһΪǿߡ
Ҷһû뵽ղԪöôߡ
ǿǿ߰
ڻۡħ۳Ϊ£ǿ߱ǿĴڣҪȻҲԡǿߡųˡ
Ϊǿߣվ۷壬޵߽Ĵ
ԺˣһŬģΣҶһصͷ
ΪǿһңԶĿ꣬ҶԼġ
ܺãղԪص˵ͷҶ츳ǳѵã͡
£ղԪѵҶ죬ڵʵ֮ͬ䣬ֱֻ֣ħĺ߷壬̩̹һԼӰǷֱǿšģ츳֮ϡ
ţҶ˵ͷסˣܹղԪõ۾˿϶
Ѿ·ˣǵǱʱմ󺣣һʱ䣬ǾʹȹΪʱҪȥˡղԪ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴һ˳ӡ
⣬ŷ޻ѾҶ콫ղԪõתǣ˶ûͱչȹΪˡ
ȻҶʵıҲѹԼٲŬĻ¾ҪҶ˦Զˡ
ֻжΪҶ뿪Ժӡ
һҪȥΪôչ𣿡Ҷ쿴ЩĶɻ
Ʋ츳Ȳǣô׷ǣȽս󣬿ʲôԵ˵ҲŲôɵɵؿЦء
ˣ˵ЩˣҴȥһõطҶͿ뿪
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Ҷɻ
죡ٺЦֻŮӣĵӣһɶŮǿ¼ҹһŴģҿӡ÷죬϶Ҫһˡ
׳գŮˡҶת뿪
æס˵߰ˣ˵ˡ


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ĵֻ֣Ůӣ϶Ůˣһ˶ûСˣǳصȴģĵѰҰ£һЩħĵӣҲˡ
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Ȼãʲô𣿡ҶƲ
˵ЩᣬƺԥǲҪҶ졣
ͱ˵ˣҶתߡ
ιιιҶ֣Ҷ磬ȵȰæסҶ죬˽븽һҾ¥߳Աġ
ģҶ˵ʱ򣬾ĵӶǷǳмһҺһĵӷ˳ͻԷһ٣иŮңһЩ˵ĵҩ
ȻǾһ𣿡Ҷɴ۾棬Ҳ̫Ѫ˰ɡ
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һʼǲżϾǲʶãֻ˵ǻкøУûĵز˵һȻǣҵõϢҪĴʦֶ顣£ֻѣҵȻף㵽Եôܲܣѵһͷˣ
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ˣʲô˼Ҷɻ
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ӣѾԹˣѶȺܴ𣿡Ҷʵ
ǽȥЦ
߰ɣţҶ쳯ǰȥһʵ
ߣ˵
漴ߵŽѧ
һУҶͶһӴ֮УһĹâɱ˷ȫǣȫǶĻᡣ
䣡
Ҷ۾һУ˫Ŀ߶˶һ貵Ľ⣬ʱϯȥա
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һ̣гһͨҶͶ˲УһƬ԰С
ҿҶ֣̫ˣǿһǧ˶ƽ⣬û뵽㼸ȭ͸㶨ˡ˷ܵ
Ҷܣѯʵǵѧǽ𣿡
úأֻΧȻҲԼЩŮǣҵˣݲͣһء˵գóһͼҶ쳯ǰȥ
Ҷ㶣ɵЦѾĵ׼ȫȻרҵ椰


һǧŰһʮ ˾Ӱ
һŵԺǰҶͶͣסŲ
ס棡ָǰԺ˵
Ҷһɻû󷨰ԼԽȥˣҾͲȥˡ
û󷨣˰Цһǿϼһ˵ĹܼңǸǳ
ϱǿߣҶһλõʲôݣȻǿܼң
ЦǰҾ͸˵ˣݲΪиүүߡΪˣ츳Ǻǿ׷ߡ
ߣҶЩ𾪣漴ҡͷ⹥ѶȺܴ󰡣츳˼δػῴϰ
ûϵаաٺЦԼŲġ
ðɣҶ˵ͷǿˣġ£Ҷ֣°ɣ
ģֻҪ첻ܵġȻҲһ㣬ϾǲҲġ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴Ժ䡣
ǸԺڣʮǱ
ҶĿһɨЩ˵оĵӣҲħĵӡ
ЩҲӭҶͶһ˶ʱ¶м֮ɫЦԺģȰǻǲҪȥˣʡѿ
Ҷܣʮ㣬ߵǴԺôҪսǴԺĵ𣿡
˸Ҫ˵ʲôϼ˵Ҷ죿ŷ޻ڣҪս˭Ҹս顣
˶ʱҭסˣ˵Ϊŷ޻ڵܴûʵӦ˵Ҷ죬ǰҶһսܷǿ죬˲֪˲ս
ߣһȺҲСǴԺԷ˵ʱеޱȽһ˫ֽȥ
Щܹ˾ħǲмĿ⣬ڿԷйһˣʱе泩
㡭˵ǷʱŭҪǱԱߵһס
סʲôȻҶŷ޻ڵĶ֣ʲôǰš˵סԼͬ顣
ָͬҶıӰ׳հԱߵλǴԺҶ죬ȥҪ𣿡
ʲôҶҶ죡˶ʱɴ۾ŵؿҶıӰʱ¡
˼ҶȻҲˣȤˡ
ղǱ˾Ӱ˳ٺ٣ǺܿҶˣҿô񡣡
кϷˣȥǧˡ

ΧҲϳҶģʱתȥ
ʱҶͶ߹һȣһžǰԶһߣס˼ꡣ
ƳҶͶһۣ漴ǰ˵ҪǼС㣬ԣֻҪסϷһƾˡ
ǰ㶼˶ˣĸҸ֡һЦ
߲Ϊ˵ǼСĹأղ˾ӰҲǽסһƣԲܽȥǼС㽻̸ҪȥҲֻˡ
ԣʱȥˡ
߿ǰվŲҶͶЩͷ˵ôҲȥ
Ҷ֣ˡæڨЦ˺
ߵĿ⣬ʱеҶϣͫ΢΢һԺĵӣ˭ŷ޻ڻǶ죿
ȻڿҶĲʡ
֮ǰǳְɣҶ쵭Ц
Ҷһۣ漴ֱ̧һƺ
Ҷһָָųɫԣҫޱȡ
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ָ䣬նһ
漴ɫһ죬̲ס˼𾪵ؿǰҶ죬ŵŷ޻ҲûôǿǻܷǿҶ죿
ˣǰҶ΢΢ͷ
ߴҶ죬̾û뵽ԺҲֳţǶСˣҿͷǿһս϶ʵ
ǰˣҶǫ
ҲǼСģЩ˵ʵ
ҶָԱߵĶ˵ġ
⡭ðɣü漴ÿΡ
ҶͶսȥãӭһŭ꣬ҶͶ˽Ҳ룬һȭ
ҹδޣһҰ
ȭƵӣֲ硣
Զǻ߼״ûֹȤؿ֡
Ҷ۾һУ漴ͬһȭӭȥ
䣡
һ졣
㱻Ҷһȭɣײ档
˭̧ͷŵصҶ졣


һǧŰһʮ 
˭ʲô£˭Ͷ֣Ǹгɱɱ裿Ҷݺ
ղʵ̫Σˣû뵽˵Ͷ֣ҶߣղˣҲѹôŭ
δ޵ĵطӭŭŶǼɵǰҶʵͺɴˡ
ԭ˾Ӱһ漴ޣ˭δˣͮûдӦ㣬Ѿı̫顣
ͮҲܹеģ˾Ӱ̲סˣһֱǾУȻǷǳɵҶ죬ӿȵӿֲܣγһ޴̫ɽҶѹ
˲Ĵʦ֣ʵȷǿȶ컹ҪǿһЩӽŷ޻ˡ
Ҷǰǲ
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ۣ˾ӰѪ˼صҶ죬ƺû뵽Ҷʵǿ̶ֳȡ
ҶһԵĶ˵ȥɣţû˿Խȥǡ
ֵܣлˣ˵ͷ漴˾Ӱ¶һЦĿ⣬ҡڵ߽ȥˡڷǳԼύҶ죬ȻҶô˰Լ
վס˾ӰҪȥʱŭӣҪ֪ŮˣδޣʱôؿűȥԼδޡ
ȻҶǰס
㵽˭˾ӰŭصҶ죬˸ղŵĽ֣ٶˣΪ֪ҶʵԼǿˣٶֻѰ衣
Ҷ죡Ҷ쵭һۣԱϥ¡
˾Ӱͫһ뵽ҶΪǰҶܷǿ¼Ѿ죬ΪĴʦ֣᲻ʶҶ졣
Ҷ죬ҳǿǾΪ𣿡˾ӰŭҶ졣
ҶƳһۣԴ죿
˾ӰһͣȻܴ졣
ϾĴûã˾ӰֻÿԶĻߣǰǿˣҲܣ
ߵ˵ǰؽסһȭʸǼС㡣
˵꣬ҶһۣЦ˵ܣҲĶ֣㻹뿪ɡ֮ͬУ˾Ĵʦ̩̹һ˭˶ûá
̩̹ʦᲢۣ˾ӰԵһ漴ŵҡҡͷҲţߣҵš
һ仰ǶҶ˵ģ˵ͻˣǿӣȥȱˡ
ҶҲſš
˲꿡ܣûֵ߳ģҶֱӽǴ򷢵ˡ
ܿ죬Ϣ㴫鿪޵Ӹˡ
Ҷ쿴þû˹ԱߵĻ߱ȭǰȥһˣѳԼȥɡ
ãߵ˵ͷ֮ͨǰĽֻ֣оҶɲ⣬ĻҪǿ󣬵ȻܿϾǳҶţ϶Ϊߵģǿ
ǣҶ˵ˡ
߿ҶıӰ֮̾ɫԺҪˣţǳɳȥСﰡ

ûжĴ·ҶϤ
ڼ䣬ҶҲ˲󷨣Եʵǰױ㽫֮俪
úҶ쿴һ޴ٲǳ׳ۣΧľɫҲ˲ͱˡ
ٲҶУΪոմԽݴ½ҶҴʱ򣬱㾭ϲȥɽٲ˼һ
ǰٲҶӿֳõĻ䣬΢΢һЦǰٲڵȥ
ףȻһ󣡡߽֣ҶʱٲʧˣΧֺãã߼ʡ
һĻ󣬵Ҷʵ̫ǿˣҲˡջñ䡷ڻõϣ֮ͬУûǿġ
Ҷױͨ󣬼ٲ
ٲˮ峺ףһŮˮǱӾȻĺܺãȫǻƽһ˫޳Բȣͨ˳˺ܶ࣬ջ
Ҷʱʹסˡ
˭뵽ȻиŮϴ衣
ҶתرܣˮеĳŮѾҶˣûͨŮеֱӳ֣һƬˮˣ۳ˮҶ
Ů͸ˮ˹


һǧŰһʮ 

Ҷȭһˮɫȭ˷ֱֲˮˡ
أŮ˫ͬһɱǰ۵ȼ͸ź⣬ǿΧĿռ䶼Ťһ˫֮ϲƣܾˡ
䣡Ҷʩչȭ߶һɫȭͷһǿҹնս
Ů˫ǿҷǳͣȻҶȭͷӲӲǿȶȷǿ٣Ҷܾȡ
Էֱ֣Ҷ첻ɵЦæ͵λ£̤˵أ
Ůһ߹Ҷ죬һǳ⣿ڸǣеܹб½ģ֪Ľأ˵ģߣ
ŮһƬ䣬˫ȴһӰȻݻһ򣬴ͬҶ˶С
˿Ѿһɫĳȹ֮Уȹڷ裬еĴ⡣
䣡
Ҷ߶ҵĽɫâ۳һƺƵĳӣ˳ȭͷӿ³ֲܣ·Ҫû
Ůʱɫһ䣬ͫһ˫ü֮µ͵ظһĨš
һ˲䣬ҶӿֳǿϢϢ
漴ЩסҶȫһϡ
ҶһȭŮˣ͵ӣᰡǴԺӣһ죬֪ǽء
Ժŷ޻ڣŮɫһͣڲԶûм֣ƺЩɵҶ졣
Ҷ찵˿ЦҶ죬ŷ֡
Ҷ죿˷ǿѹʵŮȻ
Ҷ΢΢ЦӹˣϲӦþĴʦɶɣҶĳѾ
ߣʲôǰʶ𣿡ɶЦ
ҶڨڨһЦŷңϴӵҲǴԺ
תƻ⣬Ҳ˭㶼ҪһɶһٶɱҶ죬˫ţһ͵˱Ҷ죬ٶ죬ǿ
Ҷ״һ̾漴֣߶˼£һƥ˳ŵֲ̽ա
¡¡
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䣡
Ҷһɢˣɶ˫ץסһĽ״ȣԲ͹⻬У㻬Ҷơ
㡭
Ҷץס˫ȣɶɵͨޱȣг߷ߣһŭ֮óһλҶնɱ
ˢ
貵Ľ˾ݴأֲĽâѻ磬նʱճӡ
ȻҶֻǾһƣץסλĽâӿֹȴҶӲĥ˫ʵ̫ˡ
ſɶƼҶ컹ץԼ˫Ȳţʱŭš
˼ҶЩΣæɿ֣Ѹٺˣ֮С
վסɶŭѸ׷Ҷ졣
Ҷ첻Ѿ˳֣ǰ洫ӣһᣬҶĳ£һˡ´ټҶĳ
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Ҷ죡ɶҧһ˫ȭø֨졣
ʱҶѾ뿪ѧԺۡҳ뿪˵죬صԺŵס
ֱʱҶ˿߽Ժ
Ҷ֣ôŻЦݵӭ
Ҷӣ֪ǸͮĵúܿģʱвˬŭģҪȥ죬Ҳһ鷳
۾һɵúʲô鷳Ҷ֣ʲô𣿿˵˵˭б³Ϊ鷳
ȥˡҶ첻תͻȥˡ
ɶϴ飬ɲܸ߶һҪǴȥ´ɶ͸Ҫƴƴˡ
Ҷ֣ղһʱ򣬵õϢ˵ѾִˣҹҪ˶ãǾҪǰսˡں溰
֪ˣҶذ˰֣Ȼţʼ
Ȼһ˱ǰսʱ䶨һº
һڣҶǶشԺ˭Ҳûٳˡ
ֱһºھĹ㳡ϼϣʼۣǰս


һǧŰһʮ ĥ
һ۴Ӿ忪磬ա
Ժ졢ħĴѧԺĵӶԼѧԺĻۣԶһλߴӡ
۵ٶȾǿ죬Ҳǿ󣬿Եֵǿ߹ʲôʱҲܹӵһһ۰п
ԱߵҶߵһһۼֵʮڻԭʯҲͱˡ
ѾĻ𣿡Ʋ
벻ʵҶЦ
ڴʱҶܵһ˫ŭ񣬴Ӷһһеһ䡣

ҶӭĿȥʱһŮĴʦɶԱߣվ·ʻ߻
ɶݺݵһۣ֮оǷŭ֮ɫҶһЦƺϴˡ
ǸСЩ֮ɫһҶ죬һ̧ͷԼĽ㣬¶Ի
㣬ʶҶһ𣿡ɵúʵ
ʶɶһ漴ת뿪
תת˿϶йɵøӺˡ
Ҷ֣ϴ˵鷳ɣһߣҲܵɶĿ⣬ɵһѽȻ
Ҷһۣ˵ǹܺԼɣˣϴκͻͮĵôԸ˾Ӱ𣿡
ԺٺЦͮͲԸ˾Ӱ飬ٺ٣ϴĵúܿģı¡
Ŭһѣȡڻս㶨Ҷļ漴
Ľ̫󣬾ٶȺܿ죬ҪִսҲҪܳһʱ䡣
Ҷ첻˷ʱ䣬ԺĹѾջñ䡷˵ھŲ㣬ʮҲܽˡò˵һϵ츳ܸߣ
Ϣ͡޾ս䡷Ҳ˵߲㣬ǵ˵߲ٶȾܶˡ
ʣµģʱȥˡ
ٸԪʱתۼ
һۣԽ˲磬һƬʱջҵĵʱͿռ·ʵʻĺˮһֲ磬һƬ󺣡
ʱմ󺣣ĽǳĽأҽ֮
ʱմ󺣵ǳˣ˵ʱǰԼսλ˵еĸڻĽһǴþ춯ء
Ϊǵʵ̫ǿˣûм˸սǿֲನɱǿߣ˼ϲĹǻʯ⣬ҲֻͨһЩ;˵˽һս
һսջǻӮˣϾʱ۷״̬ۻᣬʵûдﵽޣˡ
˵սγƬʱմ󺣣Ӵ˳Ϊ˽ء
ʱռʵʻҷǳңеᱻ׽ɱõģҲᱻʱƬ֮У޷԰Ρ
ֻһЩϵǿߣŸҽ̽
Ϊ̫ǿˣǵ꼤սһһʽ˿µ⾳ʱմ֮УԪҲ޷ĥЩ˹ĦпһаʽͻҲ˵
ڽʱմ󺣵ʱ򣬴Ժ졢ħλߣȫˣԼԦۣʱմкС
Ҷ˿ؿǲʱغ俪һЩʱƬۺС
ﻹǿ£ҽ֮Ҫֲ̾
ҶǺֲܿЩʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ʵʻһ쵶һƬ˺ǵ塣
˵ֻлεǿֵ˵
Ҷ죬ʵĻԺ˵һĺõطǿޱȣԽĥ˹Ц˵
Ҷ۾΢΢һ漴ͷ
ǷǿĥҲΣգһСǵͻᱻ˺ѡ
졢ħôǿǲһ£ڻսУôŷ޻Ҳ˹гս⡣
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漴˿ʼԶ۵Ļ֣СؽЩʱշϴ
ˣˣĿɿڴ𾪡
һЦͬǴԺĴʦ֣ʵ̫ˣɲҳȥ
ԶԺղԪõǶҶ˵ѡͣ̾ǲҴԺĵӡ
ৣ
һʱ֮ն˶ŷ޻ڵһֻ첲Ѫգɫס
䣡ҶһȭȻסһ˱÷飬


һǧŰһʮ Ƚ
ʱմĻ̫ˣ뿪ۻƬʱ䣬ǿŷ޻ڡˣһ첲Ƕÿ죬嶼ᱻ˺ˡ
Զڻ֮ϵĶôĿģ
ӣ̲ס
Ҷ޶ԡ
޸첲ͬʱȫ߶һ߶һ߳ԺЩʱ֮ײޱȾյĴ̼УĥԼ塣
һߣŷ޻ڱҪֱӭЩʱ֮屻ϵ˺ѣϢǳĿֲѸٻָš
ŷ޻ڵġϢĲǲõˡղԪÿ޵
ٿҶǱߣʵǿǿޱȣȻӲЩʱ֮ղԪö𺳲ѡ
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ҶӶȭЩʱ֮ײһıը
ҶҲܵ˾޴ѹΪЩʱ̫֮ˣÿһҪȫֵܵȥҲֲ˶á
ĥȷкôҶ컹ܽ˴߶ϢŹԽԽ
Ҷ˷ĶȻҲ˾졢ħǱߵע⣬˶￴¶Ծ֮ɫ
ԲۣӣȻ
ˣˣԺ˶Ƿӡ
һ
һ
ߣ¶Ŀ⣬ɫ΢΢ݡ
ղԪãǴԺСһﻹŬԯЦҶ˵Ŀ֮УҲ֮ɫ
ղԪùЦǴԺȲǾƴ֣ҵĵǣֻƴ׷ǾĵӰ
λߵ̸ڳ꿡ǳ˼
һǿӰӾĻ߳Ҷһʼĥ塣
ǸɶҲʱմĥҶ죬һ˫֮иһĨ֮ɫƺû뵽ôŬô
λߵ̸ɶҲ;һЩǿ뿪۵Ļ֣ʱ֮ĥ塣
ߣԺ˿ԣǾѵͲ𣿡
Ǿ첻ܱԺȥ
λʦǶȥˣ

ĵ۷׷ס
Ҳֻоλʦָҳȥ˿ɲҳȥ
ǿһұһʱ֮ɱ壬ԯվȵüʱҾͲˣʣµľӵһظܵʱմеΣա
ԯճȵǿŬҪУﲻ˶ĥġ
ͨ죬Ҳȥæȥˡ
һмĴʦ˻ҲǳǱ㱻ش
ֻʦּˣҲž޴ѹ
ͬʱħˣҲ·磬׷뿪ۻ֣ʱմĥ
ȻĴ˼Ҳֻʮ˿ʱմĥ˸ûʸ
ǶڽϾ˭Ҳǰ˳ΪǶ뱻Է˱ȥ
ҶЩ죬ƺû뵽Լ˵һЩϮߡ
Ƕ⣬
˲ãڼֲסˣæ˵Ҷ֣ŷ֣Ǽˡ
屻˺ѷ죬Ѿ޸޸Ʋأ޷ˣûȥˡ
ջܴ󣬡࣬սǿ˺ܶࡣ
Ҷŷ޻ڶһۣ˶ڼĥ
ҶǿޱȣʵҲǿԵΪֹЩ֮⣬ûܵκεơ
ŷ޻ڵġϢǳǿȻ˺ܶƣϾ޸ˡǿҶ춼ľ֮ͬУ˭ɱŷ޻ڣ
ʱţһЩסˣ׷˻ȥ
󣬻ڼĥģֻʣ°˸ˡԺˣҲˡ
ҫ۵ĪҶ죬̩̹һħĺ߷塢Ӱĸ˻ˡ
ŷ޻ǾͲһˡ
ˣһ죬ԯպȻ۾ĿͶ⡣
˷׷׾ѣǰ
ֻһɫУʱմУΧʱ֮ɱҲ޷亳ĺɫâЩɭĵ׷
ͨսͨսΣҲˣǲҪȥǻһѡĻᡣԯպ
ڳˣûгˣ˭Ըߣ
Ѿ׼
ԯռ״ٴ˵ͨĿռ˺ǿǷֿȥױ͵ͬĵطԣҪۼһñ˴֣ȫصסǹǿ˺ȻܲܵסͿԼ컯ˡ


һǧŰһʮ 
ԯյĻ˶ʼ׼
ΣյĻսԸж˴˶һЩϤѣɰ飬׼һս
ԺֻҶˣ˴˵ĹϵǶһȥ˴ҲһӦ
ԺղԪöҶ켸ѵս˵̫ǿˣҪʱ̼ססҪģѰΡ
Ҷ˵˵ͷ磬Ҫ̫ƴһԺûΣӵ޾ѰȫҪ
츳ٸߣˣҲһ˰ˡ
ڴԺʷϣҲٱղԪýܳţղԪóΪߣЩȴˡ
ʱ򣬻ȥӮˡ
һҪעˣսΣأǳ˳Խǿϵǿ⣬ˣӵǿߵʵڴӻսҲᱻĨȥеļ䡣
ղԪɫޱˣڻսһУû˿֪
ҶԺˣԽǿϵľʲô
̤ǿ߾һ죬Ȼ֪ղԪƳһۣûлش𣬶Ǽ˵˼УҸǵҸ档
Ҷεʼ磬漴ŷ޻ڵ˶һۣһͬɳۣǸɫС
ͬʱ졢ħĵǣҲ˴һ𣬽ɫС
һɫ֮УҶ˱Ѿǰ֣ΧĿռ˺̫ǿˣһ˲Ͱϵ·Ƭ϶ǿսףԱ⡰й
ʱţɫеĿռ˺ԽԽǿҶۿʮĵΧһԲ˲ͱ˺һռ֮δ֪
ҼֲסˣʱͻȻ¶֮ɫ
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һ䣬ŵֱ㱻ռ֮Ӳسˡ
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һҺŷ޻ŵ֣Ȼɿһɾ޴Ŀռ˺ڰλ
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ҶͫΪǿһӴʬ壬ȫӲӵģ·ƽɣɢһǿѹ


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Χ̫ˣÿʮľ֮Уһ˷Ϯľ޴ɣЩľǳӲֻҶŷ޻ڲܽǴݻ٣ͶĹǸá
ԲۣôѹЩѪɫ޲ҽΧɣʱһͷƤؽе
䣡Ҷ⿪ħʮ׽ٷӡޱߵɫ׵£һƬ׺٣Ҿҷڡ
ǰ治Զһÿ飬Ҷһͨ
Ҷ֣쿴Ȼָǰ
ҶĿȥȴǷһñɱڣȻһЩͨɫĹͷһ˹ǣûб
ѹƬɭһﶼûУԭǸԹˡ
Ҷ˱󷢺


һǧŰٶʮ ʯ
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ΨһֵҵľǣЩȻ࣬ж㡣ҶҪԵģֻΧԶһЩ޷ˡ
ƾҶǿʵӲɱһ·
Ƭɭ̫Ӵˣȫͷ
Ҷһ춼ںЩɱÿһζǳգǶЩľˡ
˭Ҳ֪ɱ¾óʲôʱ
ȡȡһ˿޵սУҶ˶С
Ҷɫһйɲϣȵ𣿡
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ŷ޻ڳҲˣ΢һΪǻþǼȻҲˣǾˡ
ǲǻþȣֹʲô飿Ҫ֪ѱߵ
ŷ޻Ҳ˵ͷúˡ
ȴ˵ҾÿԿǳ̤սʲôҲ֪иˡָҲвջ񡣡
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ҲģôǿǸȥѵҪһֱ𣿾´ˣҲԴҵ뿪˵صİ취
ŷ޻ںͶԣʱ
£˸ı䷽򣬰һķɱȥ
Ƭɫɭ֮Уľ֮⣬ľûС

ԽԽҲԽԽ֤˾⸽
Ҷ˾ҲԷ١
Ȼŷ޻۾һָǰһ˵ҲѾˣҸоһ˿Ԫ
ЦɣڵôŨ񣬾ҶֵġҲֵס˭ڴôʱ䣿Щţ̹һΣԷǳ˽Ŀ³̶ȡ
ҶҲЩţǳ֣һǰƴƥĵâ̺ޱߵɫ׵磬ǰһնƬ
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ըѣһͷٷ˳ͷɢǳǱ˾ǣԴûһ˿Ѫ⣬ȫʯͷǳ졣
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ʯۣҿһʯͷȻôţŰ漴Ц
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ЦҪôôôǱ
ʯͷ˵⵽ݺű֮ص˵ʯ۵ӢΣ䲻ɽӣȼѹۣȴ䵽زغա
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ҶǰĻǫ£ȵĻ˵ɫʱһƬ
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һǧŰٶʮ ߽
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Ҷŷ޻ȴһ֮ɫ
춢Űеʯͷ˾ȻԵڰУ
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˵ͷ漴ŰеʯͷеʯţЩҪ㣬ҪԺָҲ١
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Ҷ˵ͷ˵ԻĽ磬ƺҲϤ
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ԭ߽磬Ȼֻһû߿Źʵ
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һҪ⣬ŷ޻˶ʯۡ
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ʯߵʯ۴ҪЮҲ˶ݡ
˵գʯ۴һ飬䵽ҶС
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ƲУһѣ˵Ĺ֪Ĺʲô𣿡
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Ҷ̫ˣʵ㲻ˣֻں㿪Цѡ
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ŷ޻˹˵Ժŷ޻ڡ
ԺҶ죬ܸʶ㡣ҶҲЦ
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뵽Źʯ治ܣҶҲȻˡ
û˿ԥҶѡŹΪŹԽкô
ŹһĹ˴˽ܹ໥ٽ


һǧŰٶʮ һ
ʵ̫ӴˣҶǺķǧʱ䣬һСɽϣҵһǼʴż
Сɽ屻ը˰أ¼ɽϵǼʴѾƻˣֻʣһЩ߽Ϻصǽ档
˵֪Ǹƻˡǰصķ棬ɫʱ̲סŭ
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Ҷɫصؿһڼ鴫ʯۣʵ޸𣿡
ʲôޣƻˣ޸ƨֱӽһɡƲ
ʯûǣǷȥؼƵĴŷ˻¶һĨ֮ɫ
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ҶԳ˼
˵ǺϢû󷨴ʦ˭½һ󣿡
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ҲţӣСүͲˬѾҪܹ촫󣬸Ͻ찡ʲôߵ
ʯ񿴰׳һЦʦҲܵģҿԽ촫󣬵ǵøҲϰѲƾձһأǿʦҲҪ󷨵ĲϡǼʴҪĲϣһ֣漰ָϡٲϡ
һͣ漴㶵ô죿ѵֻѡ𣿡
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ʯ۳Ϊ֮ƣֻܲһһԵĴƵĴżϣҿԽһԴֻҪĻԭʯǧ򡣴⣬ҲҪһ㣬ҵҪһ׻Ϊ󷨵ĺġû취̫ȱٲˣֻܽ׻
ʯ˵꣬ӿֳһĨЦ֮ɫ̾㹻ĲϾͺˣ׻̫ˣҲûУǸӲУ
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̫ˣǿ뿪˵ˣʯҲ˷ܵĴҪѩޣôܰװڴ˵ء
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ԭʯҲóһЩԭʯ
ŷ޻˹˵߰ԭʯ
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ˣˣǾͿҵİɡʯ۹Ц
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ңҶ߶֡͡ʯ˾غϣӣ
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ʯ۷˷۾ͣ˵һ㻨ʮԪʱ䡣
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һǧŰٶʮ 
ҲҶ֣Ҳ̫ţ˰ɡʲô־ˡҲˣ׷߹Ҷֻʯƣɵþ
Ҷ˰֣ƶʱָԭʯʵôˣ
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ʯ۳ǿºһ顣
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һǧŰٶʮ 
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ͬʱЩʯо޴֣ڸǿ·˵أҲδؿԷ顣
رϣһϲƵĴޱ߻ɳڸ֮£ȻһҵĹâ
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ԱߵĶҲ˵ͷҲ̽һ飬ǵʵ׾ٵر̽
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ŹǷ˵ҪôֱӲһɱ󣬺Ⱥ˾ˡ
׳գΪôҪߵΪǵǿֲһЩ󷨡ֻڸֻʣһԴû㹻ĲϣʲôһЩǿ󷨣ʯ۵Ŷ˵
Ĳߵ
ߣҲһʶʯᶫҶ˵Ǳ£ȻһϿһӡʱǾǱȥ
Ҷ춢Ŀԣȷ
ұ֤û߼Ĵڣʯŵ˵
ǺãҶ˵ͷϵĻԭʯѾڲôʱһˣûڴ˵صõһЩͿˡ
һԣŷ޻ںͶ˼Ƭ֮Ҳ˵ͷǺҶࡣңȻ˴˵أȻҪƴһѡ
ʯۣʱЩˣһҪҪһԣ
ҶҡͷˣΪĽ϶ǷǳΣգԽǾ޴ĻҪΣ֮ȡá
Ҷֲͬˣ°ʯ۹ЦҶĿ͡
ߵˣӣ
˵Ǳصףһֱִĺλãʯ۲ͣ
ԵƬ̣ʯ۴ҶǣȻͼӳ˼ԭʯԼһЩĲϣʼһС͵󷨣ǳ£ȴӵķģĵƣҶĿɿڴ
ɫһ䣬ƺһʶʯۣŵ˵ʯţѾĻһλ˲õʦôķġƣ͵Ҫǣһʦ԰õģ̫ˡ
ʯ԰ȻܹΪһһˣʵ֮⣬ǼΪ¸ǣȫʢʱ󷨣ԽԿһλߡ
ʹɣԲţǼߵǿǸԱģȫһεģǿҲֲֲ࣬˿ԽսߡҲ


һǧŰٶʮ 
ߣĿǳһԶҲ֪󷨵Ŀʯ۲мؿ˶һ˵
ߵҵȻ֪󷨵ܿ£ߵɵᰲش㲼ú󷨸򣿿û㲼ú󷨣ɱ㡣
㲻ߣʯҡҡͷӿöҧгݣ·˱ˡ
˵ˣҪһԵȵ
ʯۺͶ
ʯۼ󷨣ȥһԶŲȥˡ
Ҷŷ޻ڡһۣ˽ǿЦ
ʯƺ壬඼Է˳ۡ
ˣúʯ۵ͺһõС󷨣ȻһâǰĿռ˺ѿһѷ֣¶һƬ嫵硣
ŷ޻۾һɣ͸ѷ죬ʱǸ޴硣
£Ȼһ޴󷨡
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ͣڴʱԱʩչŲĶ͵һѪ˵ɫޱȲ԰ףһϢ·һҵսƵģ˷ˡ
ãҶһڶԱߣáϢע붫ڡ
ʱϢֹͣ
䣡ʱŷ޻ҲӦԣעۻ
ŷ޻ڵġϢҶҪĶ࣬ĳ֣ܿס˶ƣöѸٻָš
һҲʼתԼġϢ޸ơ
ʯԱ߿Ŀɿڴ˵һòԲаɣ
̶Ƭ֮䣬һǿȻ䣬ԼŪģЩ𺳡

һ޸㴭˿ݺݵصʯһۣŭʯţ˵㺦ġ
ʯԶʱˣеСӰѻ˵ʲôʱˣҶǶڿţҶ㶯𣿡
ҶҲЩԻؿ򶫷
Щµ˵ҸղһΣ߼ĴڣҪȻҲ˵ôأҶֺŷֳ֣ҾͲˡֻϵǿߣش
˵꣬ʯһۣŭ㲻Ǳ֤û𣿡
ʯߵֻһ֮ʣ˭֪׼׼
ҶֵŲⲻд
ʱЦҶӢ
ŷ޻ںͶҲ˵ͷȻöЩƤǶڶŲ⣬Ƿǳεġ
ʯۼ״ЩɵߣܰɣȻҪôʳ̫֮λˡ
ǻȥ𣿡쿴Ҷʵ֮УҶʵǿгΪ˵Ĺǡ
Ҷ侲˵߰ɣ߲ڿԶԸġ
ŷ޻ڵ˵ͷǻҲÿʵڵʵһλߣǼֱϵ
𰡣ʯԣæ˵Ǳôż¾ôֻҪСĵ㣬ҲδؿԷǡˣҿϲ÷ģǵϢ֤Ҳᷢ֡
ЦղҲ֤ûߵġ
ǷģٷҲԼЦһҪȻǱ𣬲ɵɱġʯ˵
ҶҲԣһȻЩأҲǰ׳ա
ȽȥʵڲУ˳ȥҲ١ʯۿҶЩ⶯ɵ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ã
˵꣬Ҷ쿴򶫷ʵأ
ٺ٣ҸˣҶ񣬸ֻкôЦ
ŷ޻ڳ㶼ƴһѣô
Ժûų򣡡Ҳ˵
ʯ۹һЦҶϿ¼ġ
Ҷһ飬ȻԼϢʧ֮УʱʯٶȹĿ
߰ɣҶ쿪ڡ
漴֮С
һƬֵ磬ෲˣ顢֮ǳľ޴һǳڵжһΰĹ
Ҷ΢΢Ծǻصֱһ޴硣
ȥץ˿ŷ޻˵վȥˡ
Ҷ켸ĵصȴš
һŷ޻ھͻˣɫص˵ȷһλߣ죬Ȼ壬ûá
ʯüͷһȵ죿ʶһ껹ҵ°ܽأû뵽Ȼ߾硣
ڴţˡԱߵĶ˷ۡ


һǧŰʮ 
ʯߵûдţȻݺʱڳҴòзϣôǡ
òзϵˣڶΪˣ˵óô׳ɾ͵𣿡
ʯûиԣǵ˵ͷ¶ɻ֮ɫ˵ĲҲ֣ûо޴ĻԵ첻ôΪߵġ
ⲻҪ۵⣡ŷ޻ҡҡͷ漴Ҷ죬֮⣬һ֪Ǳڵأҷزܣֻһλء
˼ƺҪǱע⡣
ڳˣʯ֮⣬Ҷڣһ
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׳գڵ˼Ҵ㡣Ц
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֪ŷ޻ڲֳ嶯͵ˣʱƴ˵б
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ܹһǳϡ٣ǳ
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һԵĶؿʯʵǸȻôͳΪ𣿡
ʯߵôܣΪɾߺװɾҪǧǧŰپʮһǱǿġ
˵ҵ˼ǣӵôӦڽʱ򣬾ܿųֱǧŰپʮѵôȥûһ𣿡
һ̫ˣʯҡҡͷ˵ҲǧŰپʮһٳ޷ҪԵҪǳѡǻ磬ǧŰپʮкܶ࣬ǳΪߵľͺˣҺܺôôߣȫϳ
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˵Ҫһλ𣿡ЩĿɿڴ˵


һǧŰʮһ ɽ
磬ǿһǧԼһ֮ɫɵúɸֵ˵
һ۵Ҳȥܣ߿ɲڿԿ˵ġ
ҶоһҲǲƴһѣһǧҲҿԽǣֱʣµİٶʱʵȻĶ֣ߵİȴˡ
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ȻǧٶʣµļҲǶʱڿģʱ䡣
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Ͷûʵֻͣæˡ
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Ҷ˵ͷ˵Сĵ㣬һˣʱ϶ȥ׷㣬ҹ˱ʱͻˡ
ŷ޻ڵͷ漴ȥ
ҶԶǵ˵ͷȻŷ޻ڸĵص㣬űλǱȥ
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Ҷ𱦿еıѰƬ̣ҵˣʱ˷ܡ


һǧŰʮ 
ʼУһǧ߰ٿƯУ⣬Ϣ
Ҷޱȼ̽ЩѰԼû
Ҷǧٶǧд붼һǧ߰ٿܿ𺳣кܶҶѾһһЩظġ
ԣܹҶʹõֻкٵһ֡
ҶŲĺܿ죬һʱ䣬ٿЩ̺ûģܹʹá
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Ҷ쿴ЩʧϾҪһǧŰپʮڿ̫̰ˡ
ٿҲˣҽʡʱ䡣ҶϳԵٿȻ߶ڵʵٶȺܿ죬˲Ϣ֮䣬ٿͱˣ
ˣҶﵽǧ˰һʮ⼸Ѿһ۷ˣԽ˴Ժ೤ϣǵ
һŽõˣôʹﵽһ
Ҷ찴ס飬߶ħ֣ǿ׻ƥܣֻһѾѹǸӡ
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Ҷ俴һۣħֱ㼫ٺˡ
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һǧŰʮ Կ
ʣٿô֣ȵŷ޻֮Ҷʵ
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Ҷ֣°ɣЩûôˡʱҲ˵
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Ҷûн飬ٿΪȷʵҪЩϾһ档ЩĶӣͽܣѣͻᵮˡ
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ܿɭЦʯۣȷ츳㣬ֻһз϶ѡϷѾ߲Σɱͬųôѡ
˵꣬ƲҶ죬ʯɱ


һǧŰʮ 
߾ߣˣʵ½ˣҲһֻ캬ŭɱ嫵Ϣͬˮ಻һ˺ɫǹ³貵Ĺ˺磬ųһеķâ
Ҷ֣ϰҿɶסʯ۴еȻһ٣֪ԼڲзˣλߵĶ֡ղסһѾصĴˣٵֵһΣᱻֱӴĳ˯
ҶҲ֪ʯ۵û˺󣬶ǳӭȥ
ߣ츳ϧߵĲ࣬ġ쿴Ҷͬ˷ڵɱ⣬Ϊر٣ʯ۱ų϶йϵĻƾʯһˣô֮߳أܻٵء
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ԶĻ֮УһӴĽɫʬƾճ֣ǸߴɢŻѹǿĿֲϢΧĿռ䶼Ť
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ɫһ䣬Щ˼ضǰľ޴ɫʬ壬ӵ˼Ӳ壬е۷ڡ
ûԷǿߣΪǿֻʣʬ壬ֲɱΧߡ
漴˿ΪǰǿĽɫʬ岻ֻһʬѣ˵ǿߣΣ
СӣΪóһʬܵסϷ𣿡ɭЦؿɫʬԱߵҶ죬֮ɫ
ԶʯҲüͷǡԺǿߣֻһʬѡ
ҲЩɻҶóһʬôʬֲܶ
ڴ˿̣ʯۿɫʬԱߵҶȻ٣˻ΪĻ⣬ǰĽɫʬȥ
ѵʯ۶ʱһһµ뷨
ԶƺҲʲôʱɱ˹
ȻѾˡ
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ʯ۶ˣǾƽڻеĽɫʬ壬·˹һͻȻ巢ӳ⣬һվ
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Ȼɫʬ˫Ȼ貵âпƥ񵶣˺˲գֲϢ
Ԧ壬Ǻ뷨õ
ԶʯۼһĻʱ̾ѡ
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ҪһĺѣΣա
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ͣ
ǹֵ˲ǹ飬ҲҷɳȥѪ硣
Ҷ׷һ̤ϣϼһ嶼̤ѿˡ


һǧŰʮ 

ҽУҶһ̫ˣо嶼ѿһƥϣ궼ڲ
ҶЦоˬϾһλߣ̫гɾ͸ˡ
ҶԼҲܣΪʬ־̫ǿˣÿʱÿ̶ˮһӿʹ·һʹֹ
Ҷ־ᶨǿ󣬿˵սˣֱӾͱɲ־Ūɷӡ
ȥ
ŭţսеĺɫǹȫ¶ҵķģһǹ֮УȫһݺݵشҶ졣
䣡Ҷ̧ƣӭźɫǹ¡
ͣɫǹȻҶƣɼʵǿ󣬵Ҳ˶ѣҶƵĹͷˣȻ޷
ƥȥɣҶһһֻƽȭͷĺڰбĿĽ⣬һ޴Ľɫ򣬺ݺݵغԴ档
ۣ
Դһ͵ըѣҵĽɫ緢һֲĳƬնˡ
ҶĺͣһȭԴ֮󣬸קסɫǹһֻĲ֮ϣͷֱӷʬˣǳҡ
䣡
Զ壬ɫɷ׵ضҶ죬г֮ɫ
һߣȻһ˺壬ֱǳ衣
ǿ壬ʬǰѾվߵ۷壬һһġ춢Ҷ壬о
ǳҶʵ˵һвɫʬ壬˼ˣʬҲ̫ǿˣǿȫһҲܹѪ⣬ǿ󵽿Ժ塣
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ޱȷŭû뵽ǰСӾȻһǿʬ壬ʵǳ֮⡣
ɱ
ҶԦŽɫʬٶɱǿϢЩϢն·ޱߵѹ١
ʬȻǿƥ־ֲ̫ˣҶԼֲ˶ãԱսپ

ħӡ
ҶЩԭ޴ڽɫʬƥ֮£ԵøӵĿֲס
һն·𱻽ˣΪߵ춼һɲǣһɲǼ䣬ҶʩչħӡٶȽ顣

Զ壬ŭ˶ˡһССȻ򱬣ֱǳ衣
Сӣ˭㶼Ҫޱߵɱ⣬ɺ˫ħ۾˵ƶڲϵ
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ɱҶӶ˫ȭɱ졣貵Ľɫȭâڻ֮ըѣʱⳤӡ
ˣ¶̵Цݣ˿ѾƴˣǿںԼǧģÿ߶ľУÿĴ۲һ
ԽǿߣģĻԽʵԽǿ󣬶ܵķԽСϧߣֻǿģܵ˾޴ķɡ
ˣģĻҲǳֲٶҶ˵ǾͬĻ٣궼շˡ
Ҷ˿ֻо˵ĳأÿһǳѣϴĺϢѹڲս
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粽ѵҶ죬컹ǺöˣеĺɫǹݺݵشҶ죬ҶؿֱӶѪƮڻ֮ȼգâ貶Ŀ
СӣҲɱ㣬Ҫĥ㣬ޱߵʹ֮Сһ̤ҶؿϣɫǹûаγҶ֮ǰĳȫҶ졣
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ʱıһɿֲǿϢ


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ܵĿֲʱŭҪѿ
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ͣ
ʯۺŷ޻ƴĹ£ѹƲסڵķɣɫ͵һ죬ȻһѪ˲ѿըƬ
ϵĻʱʧѹҶģҲʧˣҶٶȸܵޱߵԶո죬عš

ҽУѾˣټϻ֮ˣ˿̸ҶĶ֣Ҷٶȴ򱬡
һ֮̾˺ѿռˣһͣҶס
ʵϣҶȷҪס죬ٶ̫ˣһλҪߣƾҶڵʵס
ҿҶȻһλߣҶĳʼ𾪺Ͳ˼顣
ŷ޻Ҳ¶𺳵Ŀ⡣
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ͣҶһѪ֮У⽥ʬȻԼ塣
ֻҶǳ·һ綼ܽʹãڻޱȰήҲϢ
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ʯ۳ʬһλǿߵ޵־Ҷܹ֧ôãѾ漣ˡ֮ҶӦϻָơ
ŷ޻ںͶҲ˵ͷͬƣʱָܻ屻˶ָܻǸܵһ㴴˶ѻָҪʱȥۻ
Ҷ֣ҵָưɣ˵
˵Ǹ뿪һɱǹǾˡ
˽ǵͷ
Ҷ붫ڻָƣ˶ʱҸ뿪˵ء

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ȻǱԱشȻ󱻻ɣֱҶΣʱƲأûȥ̽Ҷǡ
ˣȻʯСӸܳˣС߻ǿߡ
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Ȼɫ䣬һǿϢϯȥ


һǧŰʮ ʵǿ
Ȼ̫ˣ
쿴ǰɫȻ˵ģֱɱˣƫҪ֮أ˻ߡںˣѾӳˣԸ񣬾ԲŹġ
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Ȼһһ˿ڣȴ¶ɭ̵ЦݣҴˣһ֮ص뿴ţٵһ̻᲻ģû뵽ȴ߸㲻㡣
˵Щûˣ֮ɱԲܸʱָΪ˵
Ȼ˵ͷЦģĸҴݻˣΪô׾ͿԻָġңıѾҶˣҽ֮͸ΪǿҲûܣʱ򼴱ָΪܹΣȻҲٴˣһȥ׷ɱǡˣ壬Ҳָơ
֪˵ͷ¶ԹĹâǼҾŹǣǸҶļһ
߶ѣǻûһɱ˾ɱˡȻߵ

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ΪҶƴ죬ڷ䱦ʱռݴͷû
ʯҲ˲ҲֵһЩĵرͻԭʯ
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Щĵرһֵܸߡ
֮һջǳ޴ÿ˶Ц档
˱֮Ҷ͵ػָƣʯҲЩָΪŷ޻һ߻һΪ
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ϸȥԿʯ۵ĲѾʼѪ⣬ֻѪڳҲ˲ʯ
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˵걦ĵĲһʵı仯ҶȻ䴴ˣҲֻǰֻſȥûﵽһ
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һǧŰʮ 
걦ĵĲȻûɣҶġջñ䡷ȴٶȽףﵽ˵ʮ㣬ò˵һϵ츳̫ǿˣһϻҪǿ
ΪˣҶӲԼΪһ˵ĸͬޣǿ

һҶ컺µҶ첻ƾԻָһʵࡣʱǰӵǿˣ̧֮䶼еת絶棬֮η
Ҷ֣Ҷأʱ۾һӭ֮УֻˣΪ츳ǺǿЩ֮ʵҲû١
Ҷ죬ϲ㣬ͻˡҲͳˣ˹ԵؿҶ죬֮ɫ
ǺǣҲҶЦ˵óͶֵܶʵǿܶࡣ
Ƕ˰ʱԶϥŷ޻ڻ۾һ˫ͬ쵶һâ¶վһǿϢϯնŤˡ
Ҷ۾һʣŷ޻ʵ֮ǰǿࡣ
ڵ㣬ѾԶħķǿˡҶ̶̾
ŷ޻ţȻǿֻһǧŰѣѾǧһħһ֮УҲֻǸ߷Ҽɵ˵ǧ
ǧΣߣҶǧ˰֮ͬУʲô߷塢ǿҪվ˷ܴЦԼʵ˻Ҫˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦݸ漴ʯǱߣɵ¶֮ɫԭʯ۵ԴѾӣҼؿڣȫʯģʵѪ֮
⣬Ҷ컹ʯ۵ϸܵһ֮ǰȻͬı仯ֱ仯ʶıˣһıɱʯڽţÿһκ·ŭΧŤʱ䷨ռ䷨֯ĪģһΧʯת
ף

ŷ޻Ҳע⵽ʯ۵ı仯һ¶֮ɫɫɡ
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Ҷ貳ңתʯ˾û뵽ȻתҪԷһΪû㹻ǿ־˭ԷϣʯҲǱȻĲзˣѡƸۣת᫼֮·
˵Ĳ
ʱʯ۶Ȼ۾ѾֹֻͣǴӲؿڣ˫۶ûޱȵ貣ããĹ˫Ŀ֮бǷϢնи֧顣
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ʯ۵СڿնһǿϢϯԶŷ޻ڶ𺳲ѡ
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ģתȻĳɹˡȻȻԼû뵽ɣıʹƶҹ֮գڡʯ۸ܵϵĿֲʱ˷ܵĹЦǹͬˣնڲ
ŷ޻ɫһ䣬ǿ
Ͷ˳Ծŷ޻ڿǧһţϢҲ˵ʮ㣬Ȼϲʯۡ
Ҫ֪ʯ˫˫ŶûУֻʣһСزȻѾӵʵҪָ壬Ǹжôǿ
һﲻڴţѵǻһһˣ𾪡
ʱҶĿĵضʯۣЦ˵ô˵Ҳøˣϲϲ
ͬϲͬϲҶһսջСϻָ壬ʹдһΣôǿšʯĿԵؿҶ죬гս⡣
Ȼڻãһ߽սʱҿ϶˵أʱеʱд衣ҶЦʯҲܾĥѣ˷ϵΪȻط۷壬Ǹһ¥ҲǵһμǸۡҲˡ
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ʯĿ˸âң˵ͷ˵ĲҲҪָ壬ɣҿʲôط㡣
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Ļ֮¶ǿգɽӣһʯһڶޱ޼ʣԨȻһ޴Ļͼ


һǧŰʮ ħ
ǻĵͼ𣿡ǰ֮ݻľ޴ͼʱȵʵ
ʯ۵˵ͷ˵ǻĵͼǿ²֪ҵΪ֮磬۹ķʳÿһطҶ߹һ顣֮ôʶĸط羰֮⣬ҲҪս·źǿߡ֮ǰųƻһһˣⲢǽԴ󣬶һȭȭĳɾͣķʳʼһ·۹֮ͬУһҵĶ֡ҲΪľҲܹģôȫĵͼΪЩطҶȥ
졢ŷ޻Էǳ
Ҳ˵̼ʯˣ֮ͨǰʶʯ۵ǿƣ֪ʯ˵Ŀ϶ġ
Ҷָž޴ͼļ㣬ʵǾط𣿡
⼸λھ޴ͼһ䣬ʳͱʳĽ紦һεĻôڵ򣬱εһ䡣
ӴĻ磬ڵλʵ̫Сˡ
⼸ǶӦǵλáʯ۵˵ͷĿһ΢΢ЦȻǴѻؽƫƧĵطȷעĿߣҪӢ£ΪԼȡʳ̫֮λ׼ϧĻѾǴݻˣҪΪʳ̫ӻ֪ȵ£ܡ
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ƫƧĵطӦûʲôذɣ˵Щźϧڴ˵صʱޣ̽磬
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ʯ΢΢һЦֻſһɫСģ漴͵Ȼ£ǻشﲩǿߡѾƳ죬ֻҪֳħʱ춼ȶӶǶܡԣֻҪСĵ㣬δزܽȥһ
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ҶĿһʯۣʵʲô
ʯ۾һЦҶֹȻһʾʵˣǺöԭʯֻһֻɴ굮ıõһֻҪܹ׳ǻ磬һֵ֮ʮڻԭʯǼֵ١ǧڻԭʯ
Ҳ
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˶ˣ𺳡
ҶҲЩԾ漴ϲǺöȻꡣһ˵ˣǺô̫ˡ
Ҷ걦䣬õ꣬˵һ걦ĴΡһ桱ľ磬ǵʱ߶ܴһˡ
뵽Ҷԥص˵ͷ˵ȻֱһҪȥһ
ٺ٣Ҷ֣֣Ƿģһħо顣Ҵ·Σպ١ʯЦ
ǻʲôϽɣЩȲˡ
ʯҡҡͷ˵ħԶǵǰǣĿռ䴫󣬲ִܵħ
ǣǰĻͼʵ


һǧŰʮ ¶
طʯָǰĵͼĳ˵
Ҷ쿴˿ʱطڵλòԶȫ·ҲֻҪʱִܵ
ﵹǲԶǳɡЦ
ʯȴɫصǲҪˣδݻȻĻأҶָǰǱߣһưոݵġȻҷǳ˽⣬Ǹıƣıƣҵ˽⣬϶µҪȥħطпǣħú˷һ·ôȡ
Ŷô֪ȥħɻ
ʯۿЦҪıָƣ⸽ܹô౦ֻħطУЩ߽Ϊ˱Կ϶ŹħطĴǣ϶뵽һġ
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ʯ۵˵ͷ˵һİ취ǵʱû¶棬Ȼ춼ʶǡ
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Ͷ˶ʱëǻͷһȺһˣɭЦؿǣֻӡ
̷ɽܣ
ҧгݡ
ħŲ̷ɽܡ


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ڶͶֵҪ̤봫ʱ򣬾Ȼ˽ǵй¶ֱһöֵܺëͷƤ顣
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̷ɽѪſ֪㣬ǶĵܵܣΪҾܰЩ˲Źǵġ

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һǧŰʮ 
дԣǴħġСģԣԽǽӽħԴԽңԽֲ
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ҶСһ㣬ûסԼĽơҶޣ޷ʱָҲֻܽʡһЩסƣµĻޡ


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˼·֮ǰ֮ԵøӽˡҶ죬ʱش߶鿴ܣǰ˼ֻޣնɱ
ҲΪҶǿ󣬻Ӵ󣬻ŷ޻ǣɲضûΪѻָķ̫࣬ôʱǾͱˡ
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ˣӿٶȣǾִħġؿڡʯ۳ȻĴú϶µǴӱ·ˣһȥħġؿڡأǵø֮ǰִ
ǣͷ漴ֹ㲻˵澭Ϊʲôǽôöû
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ô᣿ôܡһĵĿ࣬ͣղž˵Ժûˡ
˵ǴԺû𣿡Ҷֳħշһ޴̣˵ĳתֱӽĵӾС
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߽ɫʬ޷ʱԦҲڸ·ϣҶ쵱ȻܼȻʱˣѡģ뿪
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һǧŰʮ 
ܲģȻ׷ҶҲҶ죬Ϊ֪ҶٿصĽɫ̫ǿˣĹãֻҪҶ죬ȴˡ
ȻʯܵˣȻҶ죬ʯҲܻ߳ħ
һô̻겻ɢҶƳһȻɫѿ
УţȵҾˡҶн
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˿̣ҶԺУֳħĵͼ
Ҷ˿ߵķѾƫħġࡱˡ
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ҶȻҶı䷽һ㶣漴뵽ҶзĿĵأʱһ𾪡
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ҶĿǰħġӡͨܽħġԴʯ˵ħġԴΣյĵط߽ȥ·һ
ȥôȻܰȻȵͬ·һ
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ȻеҵСˣѹָҺʯ۰յĻظˡ
ô죿ħġԴΣյĵط߽ȥҿɲҽȥ
ȻҡͷҵȻȥ壬žˣʵֻҪСĵ㣬ǲΣյġֺǻϣ׷ɱʯۡ
ã˵ͷϾߣֻҪħġԴôͲʲôΣ
Ҷ죬ҵҪ֧ŶãߣȻһҶȥķһתȥ
˵أסڡ
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һһҪɱˡҶɫѿڳڴ޷ȥ
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ڣֻҶһˣٶ˵죬Ŀ϶
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ף
ͻȻҶ쿴һˮСʱ۾һ
ˢˮСҶ죬Ͼתӡ
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ΣյĵطҲǻĵطҪĶࡣҶϲսһһ
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뵽Ҷɫʬ壬Լı塣Ͼٿ߽ɫʬҪĻ̫ӴˣʱΣգܳʱԦ
ָ֮ҶֳһЩɻƵĵҩָơ
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ˮһСȴ޷ѿҶ
һ̣Ҷ·һϵȡˮСдġˮ֡ϵ׳
ôҶоϲ̫ˣֱӾ׳ꡣ


һǧŰʮһ 
ʱ˦ˣ
ħĳʯͣŴ˵ŷ޻ڡҲ
ҿҶɱսʣµսҲشǸǵĶ֡ŷ޻ڳ
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ǲõģҶʵˣһˣԼ㹻ˡʯ۳ǻȵԼɣûҶڣ죬Ȼֻ·һ
ô죿Ҫ뿪ħ𣿡ʵ
ʯҡҡͷ뿪ħֻĸ죬ħѹƣҲҵǡҵ뷨ǣȥ࡯ҵʵһָһЩʵԲһЩǿ󷨣ֵ߶⡣
Ȼ㵽Ҫȥ࡯ȥͶŷ޻ɻ
࡯ܴȻǲһǲȥĻǰ׵ˣԣǿ϶ڸֻҪСĵ㣬һԱܿʯ˵
ԼһԣȻã֮ضߡ

ħԴһӰϥ
Ҷ졣
ʱǿѾҶǿĻ̽ȥǵķΧҲӹˡ
ҼԦǾ߽ɫʬ壬ֵʱҲˡҶ찵ϲЧĻҪ
ǿҶȻûиоʵݹȫǿ˲֪١
ʱҶջñ䡷͡걦䡷ٶȱ֮ǰࡣ
ϧûʱ˵˵صΣգ͵ڻʱ䣬Ҳʣ¶ˡ
Ҷǰ̽ȥСع۲ܣУһ졣
ҵġ걦䡷ĲѾֻΪǿȲųٳ޷ͻơһҵõ㹻ɡ걦䡷Ĳ㣬ʱʵҶڴš
ΪҶŸðս˵أΨһĻᡣ

Ȼе졣
Ҷɫʱһ䡣
磡ҶϾͺˣеȻھҰڶҰڶķԽԽ
ԣȻǴӺ洵ģҶһæı䷽򣬳ǰɱ
ͨķ粻ͬûзУǰҲӺ洵׽Σޱȡ
ˢ
ҶƴɱеڶķСЩȻûֹͣڶ
ͣͣҶɫޱأͣƬ̣ȫɱѾû˼̽ΧԼ֪ܵȥˡ
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ȻҶһ
ǷɱãҶǰԶһɿµľ
һ޴ϿȣϿ֣һӴĻӿţʵʻ
Ҳ
ǼᶨޱȵҶ죬Ҳ̲סֿˡ
Ӱ٣ǰϿϿյ綼ѾʵʻˣӴĻޱ޼ʣǿմһޱ𺳡
¡¡ܵھҶޱߵĻǵأϿϿվһµУȻ³һһ硣
ЩϺУҲ֪ȥҶľ
ǲħġ͡ɣҶЩԼ֣߳һ˲䣬Ҫˡ
ǺпܵģΪ䴦ģǰǾ޴Ͽ֮УҶһЩǿʬ壬һߣġ
ߣҶû֪ͣǰЩʬ౦׻ȴӲѹס̰С뿪˵ء
߶˲٣ҪǼ
ҶԶϿȣú޴ޱȵɽڴϣĵġһɽġſڡ֡ˣţŤŤ֣ò

ã
Ҷ۾Ӷɳˣ
Ȼ̫ˡ
Ҷ첻ҳ嶯Сĵع۲ǰɽȷûо޴Ļų˹ȥʩչ߶ħץ
ݣҲҶ죬תǺɽ
Ȼħѹƣֻʣһɹߡ
ӣҶһ׷ȥһޱȻ
ɽ汾ܺڰҶ׷Χƺʼ·ǰгҵĹâ
ҶǰһԼһ޴ĵ¶ƯžŸ޴ˮɢ͵Ĺâ
ʮھŸˮ棬µؿҶ졣


һǧŰʮ ɫͷ
ôҶɴ۾ϲͲ˼飬˶סˣ۾ֱضǰ
Ÿ޴ˮһԲι֣תţ·ѭĳֹ򣬷ǳúء
ԼĪʮˮ棬Ǽһ֦Ѿƣʢ
ңЩ·˵ĸһһ¶µı飬п־Ϣ¶
ȻΣдηˡҶһЦ߶ħ֣ǰƽŵЩضˮֺ档
СޣȻһ϶аɽ֮зǳĴ̶ŵҶһ
˭Ҷɫһ䣬æ߶ħֻסȫͬһĿ⣬˷ɨȥɫޱȾ衣
ǰѾ̽ˣﲢûڣô
ҶޱȣС̽ܣѰԴ̽ȥ
漴ҶһȻ
ԴȻǴһɫĹͷ洫ģɫͷԼֱôڹսǵʯǺԡ
˭Ҷ쾯شɫͷеħִ߶޴Ҷͷϣסȫһ塣
˭ɫͷһã
̫Զˣ˶֪ܼˣֻʣһ˿й档ɫͷп
ͬʱ֮г˺žԶϢüٵģҶޱȣһϹŶ֪Ƕǰ
ߣװŪ
Ҷ𾪣ǱϷǳ裬߶ħ˹ȥŵϵɫͷ
СޣûòɫͷͻȻվҶһ
Сħħ֣ϵãϧǲȱġŶˣСħƢ̫壬СģСشˡ߽ĩգ˽ܵ㰡ɫͷпѡ
Ҷ첻ɵ㶵ʵСħ˭С˭
Сħ˳ΪħۣСǻ츳ǿһ磬ѵ㲻ʶ𣿿ϵϢӦԻĽ磬ô᲻ʶСģɫͷ
ޣ
ҶһһˮȻлСģħСħδҲ̫˰ɡ
뵽Ҷ̲ס˵ǰͷܴ󰡣֪㵽Ǻηʥ
һʱ̫ˣʱҲ̫ˣѾǵõԼ֡ɫͷ˵
ҶƲƲ죬ô̫Դˡ
СޣʲôʱСĻСɷսʤСģɫͷʵ
ҶɻС˭ͺˡ
Ȼɫͷ˵С۰İҵһʱڴɿ㣬ʱͽҪ£Ψһ硣
ۡҶĺˣɿ㣿ҪǱ֪ˣƻɱɡ
鰡ֻʣһ˿ʧ̫࣬СʲôУɫͷڸ̾
Ҷ췭˷ۣԴѾˣתͷˮµļʮҶʵǰղΪֹץǼʮ
ɫͷԻعЦСޣЩȻûеǻۣҲ֪ף㣬ȴûߣǶˮ棬˵ʲô˵֪ˮ棬Աס˵ˮΣգ㶼ʦ˭һ㳣ʶ𣿡
Ҷһ죬ǲǸղṵ̋ʹˡϾ⼸ʮһõô϶ɡ걦䡷Ĳ㣬ʱͿ޾죬뿪˵ˡ
ʱɫͷһѣҶҲӦˡ
԰ЩȻҶˮֺ棬˵ˮֿԱǡ
Ҷʱ
ǰˣ֪ˮʲôҶ漴עɫͷϣһȻܾˣ϶ǳ˽⡣
СޣʶˡɫͷٺЦ磬߽磬¶֪˵صܣֻһ֪
ҶƲ죬ߴٵǰ˵ص㡣
Сûġɫͷһ˵ܶ˶Ϊħֻһյأȴ֪ħʵڵǿߣһһǳϵǿߣҶľԶ
ʲôҶɫһ䣬𾪵ħˣ
ھ档ɫͷߵ֪ħǻ絮ʱһǿߣһ۷ڣ˵ΨһǿΧɱ˵˱Դһֱ˯¹ȥΪʯ飬γƬյءǣһܸоš


һǧŰʮ 
ţҶľһ޵ǿߣ»Ҳ˰ɡ
ɫͷ˵ˮʵħ۶ɣ̺ӴĻʵǴﵮġ
⻰ҶëȻ羹Ȼﵮģ̫ˡ
Сޣ֪ô𣿡ɫͷͻȻɭЦһ㿿ˮ֣ͻᱻĨɱǣֻʣ´Ļʱʬͻ᳤һЩɱǿߣҲˣġ
Ҷ걳ë̫ˣЩȻһһǿ
ˣ˼ʮӣѵЩȺģ
ҶϸԱһȺӵȻ޼ӵˡ
Ҷ̲ס˺󼸲Զˮ֡
ǿǼʮҶЩᡣ
ǰҪβܵõЩҶѯɫͷͷ϶ܴҲӵ˲õֶΡ
СޣҪǴӦ뿪˵أҾͰõЩΣɫͷЦ
Ҷԣ
棬ҪųȥֻеõЩɡ걦䡷ĲС
ãɫͷЦ˺һЦص˵ħȻڳ˯Ҳǳ£ǿˣҲᱻɱǳԽǿߵˣֻ̼ħѣǻҡԣֻȡ
ȡҶȲʵ
ɫͷ΢΢Ц廹ϵˣ
Ҷ۾һ漴Щɻ
ɫͷЦֻܿˮ֣ˣҿԴһͨԽƳһʱ߷ȥץЩǾͲˮֵˡȻǰǣȥһ
ҶԶʱϲæóһɫͷ
ãʹͨɫͷҶеʱһҶա
Ҷ꣬ɵɫ𾪡
ȷһͨ԰ɷ԰ɷǳԵ
ͨʲô֣Ҷ첻ʵ
ܹóһǿͨ
磡ɫͷȻԴһ޵ͨԲ磬԰һԼڡҵҪѻǿߵ͵ϮΧɱŹһ񣬷ĻʹΨһˡ
ǰܲţ𣿡ҶƲƲ죬ŲأжǿǱҪö࣬Ҳ
ûɫͷҶ쵽һš硱ͨˣͨŲѣҶһˣֻҪɺѣ˵Բˡ
ΪҪͨǾ͵òϵȥǿߣ棬ͨܡ
ҪԲ磬µðĽ˲УǸʵ
ȻţҶһȴ㹻ˡ
ƳɷҶħֽ߷ȥץЩ
˵ˮֲûҶ߷ͨһ
ЩҵˡҶ״ʱЦˡ
ȻЩҶķһץסв˳Ҷı棬һûߡ
ʮ˿ȫҶץסˣǱһʮ
СޣѾץסЩˣҳȥɫͷҶץסеʱ˵
Ҷæ˵ǰҵһУߣҵЩΪܶԿ
ߣǿ𣿡ɫͷʵ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ǿȵߣŽûá
ǾͲҪ˷ʱˣҳȥֱӰҵ׾ٵػɱɫͷȻ
Ҷһ㶣漴ŵǰ㲻ǿЦɣǿһλߣӣܻɱߣ
СޣҾֻʣһͷҲеħǿ˲֪ٱɱһȵ׾١ɫͷЦУʱ磬Ҳ磬أ
ǰߣҶæץסɫͷת뿪ٶȺܿ졣
һ磬ҶŵõɲȻΪһ
һץɫͷһץ죬Ҷ찴ԭ·ʼء
Сޣڣӡɫͷһ漴ָҶĳߣҶǰȻû硣


һǧŰʮ 
ҶʱСȥȴʱٶȺܿ졣
ɫͷָ·Ҷһ·һ綼ûܿħġӡ
ǰ𣿡ҶսɫͷǰܵһǿϢ졣
ģѾӦǼһˣһոսߣ츳ܲֵһᡣɫͷм˵
ϣˣҶҧҧ˳ȥ
ͬʱ׼ýɫ޵ʬ壬УϼԦʬ壬Ȼӻʮ˵
һӽƺӦһ˫ӣȻ˹
Сӣڳˣû뵽㻹ţǺ˰վһǿϢϯסڣɫЦؿҶ졣
Ҷû˵ֱӴ߶ɫͷȥ
Сӣ׼ƴôǾʬг׼׷𣿹ȻڳЦȴǳóɫǹȫ߶ɱҶ졣
ϾҶгԹ첻СҶ죬һ־ȫ׻ȡˡ
ǰҶе
ܵһĿֲܣҶЩˡ
ģܰݽɫͷǳ򶨡
ҶʱҲ̫࣬߶Լȫеɫͷ
һ̣ɫͷ͵رúܴܴһͨ쳹صľ޴ɫƲ񷣬ѿռ䣬ݺݵغĺɫǹ档
ǲ
ֻһ죬ɫǹȻΪƬɢڰ䡣
һ׻Ȼͱݻˡ
һĻҶסˣסˡ
⡭ⲻܣţŭͲš
̫˼ˡҶޱ𾪣ǿ׻һһλȫ߶Ȼɫͷһ飬ɫͷжôǿ󰡣
СޣɫͷĻﴫ
ǣǰҶʮ㣬ٴξɫͷȥ
СҪɱ㡣˿̻ðɣǿΨһһ׻Ȼٵˡ
¡¡
챳չǧѸٺΪһ壬ģħ
ߣͽǸɫͷЦ
Ҷɫͷʱûиܵκεѹ·ǻû˿Ӱ졣
㡭ôܣ쿴Ҷ춯ͣʱˡ
ɣҶݺݵ£ɫͷѹռŤ飬ڶ
ҽУģĻһӱɫͷ飬ķޱȣͬʱɫͷ嶼ˡ
ʲôҲûôǿԶ壬ҵغɫޱѿ
ɱҶЦɱ
Сɱҵġ춪һݻϾתͷܡ
𣿡Ҷ׷ȥɫͷ
䣡
飬źԶľ룬ɫͷҲ֮гݺݵϡ
ҽУٴ壬ɫȴЩףΪ궼˵ˡ

ҶǳϲɫͷȻӿռ䣬¾˺Զܹõ
죬ڣҶʱԼһλߣĪҫȥ˶š
һҪɱһߣǼֱЦ
ɫͷҶȴԼõ
ɱҶֳɫͷɱ졣
ߣٶȺܿ죬ӶԶɫͷռɱݻ壬һδζ˵ꡣ
˼ʮ֮ѾˣޱϢ½ĺܿ죬ٶȶˡ
ĽҲӲˡ
ҶĴԽԽˡ
Ȼһ߹ӲдһߴͨѶϵȻ
ʱȻĳطѰʯǵټȻӵĴѶɵͣסŲ
壡ȻóͨѶһƬĻ¶¶Ǳӡ
壡Ȼ״ʱôˣ
ʱӷǳңս飬ѪȾȫͷɢϢήңޱ
ӣϽӳħȥʯ۵鷳ˡ
ģϽߣǧҪ
Ӱ
ŴѶ
Ȼ˿µһĻһ޴ޱȵɫͷһ飬ѪɢȾͨѶ
壡Ȼش𣬵ͨѶһڣҲӰ
Աߣֺս͵ֺսʱŵûǿ찡һλߣȻˡ


һǧŰʮ 
ǿһλ߰ȵߣҲܹɱȻһͷ飬ʵ̫˼ˡ
Ȼеǳ𺳣ЩëȻ
λսҲս
ӣֺս˵ǻҪ׷ɱʯ𣿡
Ȼ죬ҧɫ嶼ˣȥߣߣ뿪㡣
˵꣬ȳħ漲ȥ
ս棬ܵ
˿̡
һߣҶֳɫͷںɱ졣
һλ߱ԼҶҲ𺳲ѣеɫͷ𾪵ǰ̫ˣǰʲô𰡣зǳ档
ʲôˣֻǵñСġСǿһ𡣡ɫͷ֮дϵ
ҶԷŰۣλǰˡţ޵С
ûɫͷĴ󻰣Ҷ쿪ʼɨսƷ
ϧɫͷ̫ˣ嶼ϡãһѪⶼûʣ¡ϵıﶼռкܶԭʯԼָıǧ࣬ǳĲӣҶʱҲûйֻսԼĳʼڡ
ҶЩϧǣ׻ɫͷƬȻĻֵõһ׻ˡ
ҶڵϼһͨѶƣʱϵȻġ
ȻѾ֪ˣҲһߡҶ찵뵽ͬʱҲ˿ΪȻˣǾͰȫˡ
Ҷ쳯ħࡱڵλȥǵĿĵؾʯ۵˽⣬Է»ðսҲǡ
ȻҶ˵غΧһô淢˶µĺۼǺŲǺԣϸ۲עⲻģҶҲΪͶˣܲ
ѰЩǺţҶܿҵʯǣ⼸һﾹȻ
˭ʯ۵һѣ˫ʯ˴Ӵ֮߳Ҷ졣
Ҷ֣ʯ۲ɵϲɫ
Ҷ΢΢Ƴһʯۣɵþȵָܿ찡
ʯ۴˿Ѿָ˫ֻۣʣ˫ûлָˡͬʱʯ¶Ϣǳǿ󣬱Ҳ˿ֱ˼顣
ٺ٣ãץĿʯЦ˵ԵúܸˣϾ̫ˡ
Ҷ죡
Ҷ֣
ʱŷ޻ҲϹˣҶһǳġ
Ҷǵ˵ͷЩ˶Щǿܶࡣ
˫˴˽һ鱨Ҷ֪ŷ޻Ƕõһÿ˶ջܴ
ʯǣȴǱҶɱϢˡ
ֵܣ̫ˡ𺳲ѡ
ŷ޻ںͶ𾪵˵
ʯȴǶҶеɫͷͫȻһ𾪵⡭ǡҶ֣Ǵҵģ
ʯ۱鲻ԾҶüͷһɫͷʯĪ֪ͷǣǿҲɱġ
ŶСһ֪ҵ˵Լˡɫͷ֮ͻȻһϵŷ޻ǻһ漴һ˼ؿɫĹͷ
Ҷ͵λǰĲͷ棬ֻʧȥ˺ܶ䣬Ҳ֪Լ
̫ˣһȣҶеɫͷͣ
Ҷ쿴һ𾪵ʯۣѯʵʯ֣
ʯŷӦɫͷҲֻʯҵĹż֮пһЩصļأڵһ߽սʱΨһǿ߽٣ЩΨһˣʯļأ壬ɫͷϽѪҺڷۡ
Ҷ𾪵ǰû뵽Ψһ磬֮ǰô˵ҪΨһ磿
Ҳ̫ʧȥļֻ̫࣬дΨһǳǿȴɫͷԺ˵
Ψһ簡һǵһοΨһˣŶһͷһ˷ܣضɫͷ
ŷ޻ںͶҲǾȲѣΨһ˵ڴ˵е飬ܴʵϺ˼ΨһˣΨһ綼ΪһʧĴ˵ˡ
ǰΨһʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
ŷ޻Ҳһ֮ɫ綼Ҫ֪顣
Ψһ硭ɫͷ˼ţƺʲô͵ܡ
ͻȻҶеɫͷ͵رҵĹâһǿϢϯҶ˶ѹڵϡ
ǰҶе
Ϣһѹռ䡣
ʵƫĶͶ˹ȥŷ޻ڸоǿֻ֡Ҷʯ۵ЩǴУɫͷ


һǧŰʮ 곱

ɫͷһ޾ѹɢΧռ䶼ѹ̡ʵʻҶ˵ĹͷѪⶼѹˣһðѪǳʹࡣ
ǰʯ۴
ǰ׷ʲôˣҶҲе
˷ǳ
ɫͷƺǵĻѹŷͺҲֻ֪һƬĩաԼ
˵꣬һǿ겨
Ҷʯ˶ǳ棬ЩԺŷ޻ڣҲ̽һ˿꣬ɫͷ֪һһ𺳵ƬΡ
һĩһ磬ãĴڲϵ飬ɫѪƲգһֻһֻ޴ƴĨɱ顣
鶼Σźɫĳɫ۾ʵǳǿҶǸܵޱߵѹ
Ȼнľֲ̫ˣֻһĨɱ顣ЩɫĹͷҲֵˣϽɫѪҺȾѵĴأһƬĩҵľ
ʱһ޴Դи֣޷ޣ˷ˣһ˫Ѫɫ۾ħĿ⣬ֱ͸Ҷ˵ꡣ

Ҷ˵·ȼض˲
һ̣Ҷǻعʵһڵϣɫɷף˺ˮ
ʱɫͷѾƽڵϣ·ղֻһʲôҲûзΧһƬƽ
ȻҶ죬ʯۣŷ޻ڣҰףеľ֣֤ղһĨʵ
ǰΨһ𣿡ҶǿеĿ־ʵ
ЩΨһˣҿˣȫɫĹͷϽɫѪҺкڷۡŷ޻һ˵ţһ巢ôǿΨһˣȻһոˡ
ʯ۳ӦǰʧȥһƬΰɡ
˿˵ϵɫͷ
ɫͷڴ̾Ϣμ䣬ƺԼӡˣҲˣΨһƺ״ҲҪǰΨһԭ򡣡
ǰļΨһƺһֲսҶ
ղǿֲĳ棬ڶ¡
ЩΨһʵǿ󣬱ǿˣϵĴڣǿߣȫһĨɱʵ̫ˡ
Ҷ졢ʯ˵ǿһ۷ľ磬ǿһдڣȻһɱǵĴʵ̫ˡ
ͺ񡰷ˡĿǵսֻп־𺳡
Ҫˣȥ׷ѰһܣɫͷȻƯ
ǰҶһ
СޣǱܴ󣬻ԱʯͷˣǵǱСĺСͣҲǻмĻᡣɫͷ˵
ҶЩᣬɫͷǳǿߣɱ߶СҲ޷ֹȲ˵ɫͷǳǿֻǻϵԼҲûʸס˼ҡ
һҸ棬ղŵһУҪκ˵½ǳΪǿҲҪⲻǿ漰ܡɫͷһ仰ƿȥ
ҶǷǳ𾪡
Щţռѹܴжѣû뵽ɫͷһӾ˿ռ䣬ֱӴԽռ뿪
ɴ˿ɼɫͷʵǳˡ
¡¡Ȼħ·һ㡣
Ҷɫһ䣬һǽôãûз״
ʯó죬ֻе𶯣ȻȻѿ
ã뿪ʯۼ״ŵð˵ǻ곱ħٷ飬һдħˣȫǿ߶
ߣҶҲŴˣæץԵĶͶ죬㳯ɱȥ
ʯץסŷ޻ڣȻŷ޻ڻѣʵһЩٶȱ
ʱ˿̣һЩħˣȫƴӡ
˶ڿ־塣
Ҷ컹ħġԴͻ֣ᷢǸĿĵ籩˷ϯǿֲܣɱκһߡ
Ҷɫͷ¶ѨŸˮ򷢳貵Ĺâһ˯Ĺ־ƺںڰԨ֮¾ѡ
𣿡
Ҳã
ϵ־ֻǾƬ̣ٶ˳˯
ǿµ籩ȴŰħ飬֮ߣȫ˲ء
Ҷʯǽ˳Ҳ˲أΪȼӳġ
Ȼ˵ģ˵档
Ҷʯ۶һۣ漴ٶȳѸ뿪˵ء


һǧŰʮ 
뿪ħͨҶ»صǡֻһεǴ㳡ϲûȻʿأҶЩ⡣
֮ȻѾҲܹɱˣǺǣЦ˵
ʯЦȻҶ֮ǰǱȻλɱҶ֣ҹƣڿ϶ڰмƻʲôҲȥȱ
뿪󣬷Ծǳأ뿪ǳ
֮Уʯۿ˵Ҷ֣ǵʱƺˣʲô㣿
ҶڻֻһԪʱ䣬һԪ˵Ǻܳ˵ʵ̡ܶħʵѾ˺ܳʱ䣬ټϸ·ʱ䣬ʣѾˡ
ջѾܴˣҪðˡҶЦЦ漴˵ǵ㱻ǿ˵ܿҪըµ棬ȥ
ʯۻȻҶ죬ǳһĨЦݣԭҶڴǿǵעⰡǱըˣµ棬ҲҪܳһʱ䣬ǿʱ䲻
ɻ㲻˵ǿǺܿҪըô
ҵ˼ǣըγµ棬γɡҪܳʱģǱըϾγµ档ʯۿЦһĵҪʱȥݻģҲҪٸԪҲҪԪȫʺͻʵ޷Ԥϡ
ԭˣעԵˡЩź
Ҷ쵭ЦǵջѾܴˣҪ̫̰ˣλȥҲֻҪʶһǵıըγɣҲһЩ򡣡
⵹ҲǣʯۺٺЦǵıըԷǳʣǶʱڣΧĻǳֻҪ츳ǿû׼ĻһЩ򡣡
ǻʲô˵ǿѾըˡЩ͵
ģּıըǳңҲܸоõʯЦ
֮Ȼȥɣߴٵ
Ҷ쿴ʯۣʵʯ֣ʲô㣿
ĿǰʵָһЩֻҪߣԱˡʯЦЦ漴˵뿪Ҳ뿪ƫƧĽ䣬ǰʳǣܶ࣬Ҿָ۷ʵʱһȻ֪ʲôǾߡ
ҶЦǾףʯմñˡ
ٺ٣ǵ츳ǿǳΪ֮һ߽սһҪ磬ҲǻܹսʯЦҶǵӣǳġΪҶ졢ǵ飬ĽҲ
һΪҶͷ
һ죬һ߸ǿǡ

ͬʱڻյĳǳϣȻµֺսѺһӣ̤֮
ߣǳͬȻĻأֻصĸӽܡ
ң˵سû֮⣬ȱҶǴݻٵػҪǿ
ʱȻվһΡĸ߷嶥ϣƾ紵Ҳ˿
ڵ⣬죬ΨһԶõһλߡħĴܴ󣬶ʧ
ҪǣҶǿʵȥɱʯۣһɱʯۣȵʯۻָΪ˵ܹһ¥Ϊߣôʱľˡ
ΪʯġѡȻǳʯ۵Ŀ£һ˴ȫʢʱڣ붯ǿ֣߳Ȼ˭Ҳɱʯۡ
Ȼܵʯ۵ı֮ĳ̫ˣⲻˣֱ졣
ҶǣȻȻҲǳʹޣȴᵣ̫࣬ϾҶǳҪ뿪ģв

һ뵽ЩȻ͸еޱȷ̲꣬ס
ʱֺսѺһӹˡ
ӣֺս˵Ѿˡ
ţȻԣعתֺսԱߵӣĿ⣬ųĿķâ
䣡
Ӹܵ˾޴ѹ嶼Ҫˣҧţӣ˵𣿡
Ȼûջѹ΢΢ǣЦˣʲôʸҵĿˣҵֻдˣҵĿˡ
ҿ԰ץסҶǣӺ
Ȼ۾һУƾ㣿ҼǣǵʵһҶܹɱ㣬ʲô°ץסǣ
ƾҽǴԺĵӣ̧ͷг˷ŭԹ֮ɫ
Ҷ죬飬Ǿͱұˡ
š


һǧŰʮ ı
Ժĵӣ
Ȼԣͫ׶ʱһ漴ƻӰΣ˲ǰһץסĲӣ֮
㡭һЩ־壬Ȼϵѹ̫ǿˣϢ
ҿ϶ԺλҲûȻǿ
ǴԺĵӣôҲҶǵʦֵˣȻͬһɭ˵֪ҪɱҶǣ㻹㵨Ӻܴ󰡣
ӣǵĿһģҿ԰㡣Щѵ˵
ȻЦŶҲҪɱҶǣгԹ
ӣҺҶһģȴҡȻ壬ҲͱˡֻҪԸһЩͻԭʯҿӽӽǣǵһһʱҪôԸǶСҧгݵ˵
һʱǱռߵģֻ֪ҪҶ쵱ʱԸȫ֣һסġ
ȻҶûŷ޻Ҳûж֣ؿߡ
ʵͲǿûҶշһ·ϳ˺ܶ࣬û
ˣҶǾ͸ʹˣ˵õһһŬΪʢԺأؿռߣȴûԮ֮֡
пʵҲҶǲûʲôꡱ
ҶǸ鵱УҶ۷弶ĹϵãͶĹϵҲŷ޻ںͶĹϵܺãǱ˴˶ϵ
أ
ڴԺڣǰͶǾ֣ŷ޻ҲǾ֣ͶϤųˡ
Ȼѡ񲻰ҵѣһǣҲǺˡߺߡЦ
пȻڸǳĸʾԲðˡ
ֻȻõõԭʯʱʵһᱩǣ׷Ҷ죬Խŷ޻Ҳǲܡ
Ҷ˻磬ʱǴԺһǿţܵصǰ;
Լƶļƻǳ⣬ЩݵȻ˵ӣҴˣǰʯҲǺѣΪıҲһΪѣͬһˣӦҡ
Ϊ棿ܺã
Ȼһؿͷ˵еɫðң뻢ıƤ𣿡
뻢ѨɵûӣԼĲӣһ½ǣЦߣһˣʯ۶в
ôңȻ
˰֣˵ҵʵӦúΨһܹıǻҶǵУʱ㴫ϢǳֶԸǣɱǣ㶼ܹ
ãȻ˵ͷЦܲļƻϲ
ͺãôٺЦô֪ǷҲ⣿
ȻһЦ÷˵˵
һǧܹʹõԼʮڻԭʯټһ׻ȻʨӴ󿪿ڡ
ȻɫһĿص˵δҲ̫̰˰ɣһǧҪ㶼ʹõģֵ֪ʮڻԭʯһ׻Ҳ³㣡
ӣȻǽףǾҪȼ۽ðǵи㴫ϢΪ¡Ҫ֪һ֪ұǣҿ»ߵ
Ȼмֵ𣿡
ʯأ˵Ǵˣɱʯۣ׽ҪҵҪ
ȻͫһߵҵĻرҶǴݻˣˣʱڣŪٿšʮڻԭʯһ׻ҿ㡣
ɽʱЦˣղҲʨӴ󿪿˶ѣܹõô࣬Ѿˣ⡣
Ȼ漴һöռָ俴˵ʮڻԭʯԼһöͨѶơʣµĶٸ㡣
ռָһϲ漴üӣڿЦʱ㷴ڲ˭ȥҪ
ȻЦ㣿һ˶£ȥ㣿
ȻǶ˴˲Σôֻһְ취ˡҶǿߣҪܵģͿԱ˴ˡ
ãȻһЦص˵ͷ


һǧŰʮ Ź
죡
죡
ȻԷ˻ԣŽʣµԭʯԼһ׻Щ뿪˴˵ء
ȻĿȥ䡣
ֺսԱ߳ӣҪСӣ絽ʱһ
ȻҡҡͷߵղҲˣҷ˻ԣκεֶζԸһɣҲɡ
СǴٿʮڻԭʯԼһ׻͸ĺܲġֺս˵
Ȼҧɭ۵ȷܴ󣬲ֻҪܹʯۣǾͲʲôңǲɱ˲ɱ
ֺսüӣҪ赶ɱˣղŷǲκֶΣ赶ɱˣҲܵķɰɡ
赶ɱɱҵȷܵɣҽ赶ɱʯۣʱСĲǾ͹ֲˡȻЦ
ˡֺս˵ͷ漴ȥ
һ̣Ȼ̧һֻƣĸһƣɢɫĹâ漴ƬɫĹâ۳һ޳Ӱʵģģֻܿóһĺܺã͹µŮˡ
Ȼද
ȻǰŮˣ΢΢ЦŹþò
Źܣüͷһ壬ȻߵȻ㲻ʳ̫֮λܵƫƧĵطʲô
Ҳ밡ʯӳˣҲòȻЦ󵽶Է仰顣
ȻŹԣɫȻһ䣬ȵȻ˵ʲôʯӳˣ
Ȼüͷһ壬ʵʵ˵ӳˣ׷ɱ˺üΣûɱңƺ߳һ·ʵָĺܿ졣
ҵɱҪĲ˵ʲôҪĽӽڿ־֮ںˣӵˣ˵˵㣬ܰʲô£Ϊʳǵ̫ӣΰɡŹûðɣһ䡣
ȻЩε˵Ҳǲӳģ˭뵽һȺ߾Ȼˡ
ߣŹͫһüͷ˵ڲ߽սôܽǻ磿
ȻҴˣ˵Ƿһռȱڣ˶ݵؽǸȱƣϵǽģЩ߶һȺ
ռȱڣǻ߽磬߽ĸһ磬ôȱڣⲻܣŹҡͷ˵
Ȼҡͷ˵оԵҲⷢء
Źҡͷһλǿ˵ǻǾԵȱκεĿռȱڡĻĴڣҲԹԵȵ߽սʱŽǻ磬ΪҲκοռȱڣֻܵȵ߽սʱĽͨ硣
ԭˣȻüҲҵõϢ󣬵ЩʵڵģҶɱ˲ֹһߣղŻһԴԺ߸˱ʽءпռȱڣôЩνģ
˵꣡Źλǿ߻˵ǻĳ˿ռȱڣôֻһֿܡ
ʲôܣȻȵ
Źһˣ
⡭Ȼͫһ𺳡
Ź߽Ǵǻ絮ģҲ˵ǻһ֣һһ类ݻˣǻҲͲȱˡ
̫ˣȻо٣Ϣ̫ˣ̫޴ˡ
߽絮£˭ܴݻһ磿Ҳ
漰̫̫㣬С̸ܹ۵ģһۣҲԸĸŹ˵ĿǰҪĻɱʯۣҸĿֲ츳һָʵǵȴǵıǲпı
Ȼ˵ͷղѾǸ˱ʽף;ʯ۵ͬһط취Уƿʯǵ١
ֵ𣿡Źʵ
ǻ෢ԣдȻ˵ͷ
ǺãھȥɱԾ󻼣Ź˵
Ȼһϣ漴̾ϢŹѾˣǱʯ۵Щɱģǵеһ˺ǿӵһµĴɱҲֵסҲ㡣
ʲôŹһ


һǧŰʮ 
쾹ȻˣŹǳ𾪣֪ΪߣߣҲЩҪǿࡣٲãһҪߣҲߣôᱻһɱ
Ȼ˾ŹɻЦһ·׷ɱʯǣʱǿ϶ûǼɱǱƽħ֮СǼɱӦõģҲΪħƣӲġ룬ֻҪһеȵ֣߳һɱǡ
еߣŹһΪһʧһһλߵ߹һˣϧҵݣ޷붯۷ߡ
ȻԸ̾ߵѾ㹻ˣ۷ߣǵĵλ̫ˣǻӹҲǷ
ú׼£һβٳˣһҪɱʯۣԲκκ󻼡Ź˵ʧˡ
Ȼҧɭ˵ʯۣߣһҲٸ»ˡ

ĳ
ı˼ηȻһͨľ޴ʯ£мԼġ桱
ٿȫҿʹõģһˣŷ޻ڶˡ
һ׻ٺ٣ҶҲһ׻׻Ҳˡ
ʮڻԭʯҲ㹻ܾˣ׬ˣҶ죡ŷ޻ڣȻ壬Ҳǻȡˣν˲ΪǾ̤ǿ·̤ʯ

ſռָĶ˷ܵЦš
ʵڻǲܵõô౦ġҶǵĴڣȴǸһȻ뻢ıƤ
ȳԳܹҶʱǿʵһ׼ʹá
ǣԼʱʱͣסˡ
Уɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҷ졢ŷ޻ڡһǳǳЩʱʵǿô࣬һǵĻɡ
ȻкܶҵʵôͻȻõôֻҪǰ׳գỳҵġɫء
һٶôɵӣܲµóʹ
ڻ磬ҲǷǳı˭ٿֻһЩõó
ƫƧĵطЩǾֻȻˡ
һ뵽Щʱеһ£ҽȻҾͲˣҪ֪ұǣһŹңɱңֻҪû֪ң⡣
գȲʹã뿪磬ʹҲ١ҲʱҶǶȻɱˣʹЩΪԺǿš֮ϵҶ˵

գһǸҶһѾִ˵أڴ˵ع۲ԶǱ仯
ʱţǵԽǿ󣬻ԶҪٶȱˡ
ʯңң۲ԶǣЦ˵ĺܼʱҵĹ۲죬಻꣬ǾҪըˡ
ãǻܹȴʱЦݡ
ǿȻԱߵĶóһƣֻƲϵš
Ҷ۾һдԺȼϵǡ
ǴԺڻܵѹƵģ޷Ѷȼ꣬Ի߶ƣͨѶֻ̫ˣһûô
ŷ޻˹ҲóԼƣֻҲšҡж죬ǴԺĴʦ֣ǵЩ⣬ϵСڣҲֻϵˡ
Ǽһ￴ΣȻḶôĴϵǣøϽ
ɣҶóԼĴԺƣ˵ǿ󣬶һķһҲ¡
˵գȶǻػҶȼԼ꣬ͨơԺƣʱݳһӰڰ۳Ρ
ֻ˿̻ѪǱһҶˣʱ˷ܵĴҶ֡ŷ֣ڼˣһΪҲˡ
ŷ޻üʲô
ҵõ˱ãˣǵ˴ˣǵ˻׷ɱңΣֻˡһɬЦݡ
Ҷüͷһ塣
ôܡ˵ȴҶһסͣؿѸʵȥ㣡ʱȼΣգϸҵص㡣
ڵλҲû⣬ΪҶǼҪԼԱϸҶԼڵλá
Ҷͨ


һǧŰʮһ ͽ
ĳѸҶͨϾȼǷǳΣյģ̫Ǻѻָġ
Ͼֱ̫ˡ
Եú˷ܣЦô棬ķһʲôֻҪĵȴҶǵˡ
ҸղҶĶԻӦò⣡ŷҶĶԻϾҪԷҲЩͽţ˷ǳĽ
籦ܶ࣬ҵõԵҲ
ңħҲһˣҲǺġ
˼֮ǰĻҶұ˭׷ɱѡһʧ
ѡ죬ΪûгԹɱ
ħǰҲõϢҶħȻǣǴ㳡սһ
˵ħ׷ɱǣôҶһҪ˭׷ɱôشһشˣѾǣǾͱ¶ˡ
ԣѡѡ
ϧ㲻㣬ôҲ벻˳һӰ֮⣬˶ħʬ嶼Ҷġ
ľ֣Ҳⷢ
ֻ˵Ĳҡ

Ǹ
ҶͨʱɻضҶ֣ղΪʲô˵֪˶ˣֻʣһӰôܻ׷ɱӰ׷ɱƾǵ㱾£ôӵõ
ҶƳһۣߵĺ
ɫһ䣬ǱʱӦˣ̲ס˵סƭǣ
ŷ޻ɫӰ֮⣬ĵӶˣʬ嶼ġ֪һ㣬¶š
ΪҪƭǣɻ
ҶΪƭǣȻȼϵǣôĴۣû㹻棬ô𣿡
桭ɫһ䣬漴ȻŭҪǡ֪ˣǹȻ
ŷ޻ڵ˵ͷֿ󣬱Ͼĵ˾ȻȻҲϣҪɱʯۣһȻᣬȻõ㹻棬ҲǺġ
ôŭ
һ䣬Ϊβңǻ磬ϢȥֻҪˣ˭õģ
ΪȻõ˺ܴ棬ԭʯȱЩ㹻ðһˡŷ޻Ц
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ѡ񲻴ݾߣ
ʯԱ˺ܾãʱų˵ȻǵĹϵԴ壬׼Ϯɱǡ
Ҫˣǰĵʱ뿪硣ŭ˵
Ҷ˰֣ЦжػгرȻıңҲŹĻǻȥ֮ԺҪݺ
ɱŷ޻˵ڸıˣͬ顣
ͷʾͬҲֱ۸˲ֵˡ
Ҫôʵ
Ҷڵ޷֣һѾ壬ھ͵ȥһ֣Уʱǵ٣ʱȻɱǡǣħսȻӦ֪ܹɱߣο϶ǲǿߵ
ʯҡͷ֮⣬ȻٵߣûǸʸ񡣡
һأҶ쿴ʯۡ
ʯͫһ漴һһ䣬ҧгݵ˵꣡
Ҷ˵ͷ˵µȻ֪޷ɱǣǾֻϵλ۹ľŹˡϾһҪȥеġ
ʯɫʱǾˣݺܸߣܹ㣬ܹߵߡѾʧȥɫͷͨ߶򲻹˵Ǹߵȵˡ
Ҷ۹ԶټȻҪϵҲҪʱ䣬Ҷ϶׼ȻУȻ֪ǵ٣Էɱǡ
һüˣȻˣǻʲô뿪鷳Ҳ١
Ҷҡҡͷ˵뿪ͲɱˣڻڽȻ뻢ıƤУǾͳûȥɱʱʧˡ
иƻҲܹһδʯۺȻһŲԶǣǳһĨЦݡ


һǧŰʮ ƻ
ʲôƻҶ۾ԱߵʯۣʱʯһЦݣ·뵽ʲôļƻޱȵ⡣
ŷ޻ڡ졢ҲʯۣдԻзǳ棬ʯʲôƻԿһλߵߡ֪ǿվ۷壬ƥľǿߡ
۷ǿߣѾǿıӭսģΪھԵǰκεıǲ԰һջǵԼʵֻ·һ
ȻʯԵúţɫݲȣĿԣʢĹâƻգԶǣǳһĨѪɭ˵һըܺޱߣлݻ˵Ǹߵˣ۷߶ܽɱΨдﵽǿߵľ磬ܳѻΨ㣬𡣡
һ䣬Ҷȫͫɫһ֮ɫЩšʯȻûϸ˵ļƻе˼ѾԶˡڳĶǴˣ˲ˡ
ŷ޻ڳʯ֣Ǳըȷ£ǱϾǽֹģҵըʱ̫ˣ˵һߵˣ֮Ѱ
˵ͷŷ˵Ĳܹ߽Ҳɵӣô׳յ
һԵĶҲǵͷ߲ͣô׿ơġ
ʯ΢΢һЦȻתͷû˵Ҷ죬ĿһʵҶΪأ
Ҷһֱû˵ƺڳ˼Ҳ˼ʯѯʣŻ˵ʯּȻмƻɼаܹ𣿡
ԸһߵߣʵǲеģǾֻˡʯʲôУǾֻˡ
Ҷǵһ󷨺š
֪ΨҶҲʯԶʱЦҶĿԽˣ漴ͷ˵󷨣ҵʵҲָ࣬ħ֮ҲѼ˲ٲ󷨵ĲϣȫԲóһ߼󷨣ǵϢڸȵըʱٽʱԷɡ
߼󷨣Եһ
ŷ޻ںͶҲһ֮ɫ
ҶĿһؿʯۣû뵽ΪôĪ⣬ѹǰ󷨶Կߣһһ˹Ȼͬ졣
ʯ۰ЦЦһ䣺ݺܸߣҶʱû취ý˻һǿյϢ˵
Ȼʯг˷ŭʱ޿̲ڱѩޡ
ʯ֣ģʲôԸ˵һսҲڻһβսˣһԻ͡ҶĿԣ¶͸žս⣬һǿ󵽿ֲϢţ·ƻ۵٣͸Ż
ãʯҲս죬ơ
ʱԱߵĶȻˣǾͱ·ʯڴ˲󷨣ҴŷҲڴ˵Эʯ֣ҺҶȥӭλʦ֡
û⣡ʯ۵˵ͷŷ޻ںͶҲͷ
Ϊ˷ֹǰͻ䣬ʯ̾ȥ󷨣ҶͶҲ·ȥѰ
̤Żգޱ֮УҶγȺأ̫ɽΡ嫡ӻ֮еΣգڵ˫ĿǰԱߵĶʵʲôҪ˵𣿡
ɫѿĿҶ֣Ҳû뵽ôǶͬʦֵܣ֮ǰڴԺھ죬ǹϵܺãû뵽Ϊ棬Ȼұͬš
涯İҶ̾һĿЩĮȻ˵ǵǸսʱʱǱռ֮˺Ӳ˳ȥҵʱʹпһĨԹ֮ɫзŭҲңŷ޻ڣһѣȴûôвԹޡ
̫խˣʱǶΪңȥҲΣգԸĻʱȼվѪͨԺϵǣʱҲܶҡͷ˵
ҶЦܹһΣܶڶΡ
ǲǷģߵ
ԣȻҪıǣҲûҪˡҶĮ˵ɱӿȣΧ¶ȶѸ½ˡ
̤գǵĵַ˺նȥ
֮һʯ֮ϣһǱʱϢήңټȼվѪͨƣ˺ء
֣û°ɣеʵó˵ҩһʦʦеӣɵһɸж
ܿ侲ҶˣϷӳɫݼæ˵££ǾͺáףôֻǶˣŷֺͶأ
ҶʱڣЦŽ͵ԭأǵİΣԾϸˡˣ׷ɱЩĵأ
ҶЦ
ЩӳһӰ֮⣬Ѿħ֮УֱԾĹѰ·


һǧŰʮ 
ҶˣɫһͣĿЩȻǳ侲˲ͷӦˣЩȻҵǵȼվѪϵǣȻȼվѪʵʱ򣬼ܡû׷ΪһˣԲ׷ˡ
ߣˣһҪǺÿıǴԺĵӣ´ҵԲƹǣҲϧǵıǴԺˣ顣һԵĶɱ˵ĿȴúЩ飬ܾ˵Լ
Ҷ쿴һĻЦ֪ǹô˵ңνгһˣôʲô飬׳ıٸҲⲻˡҶһֱԼʲôΣҪ侲Դһʧ
˵Ĳʱ飬ܻţЩ飬æ͵κıǴԺ˶ҪôʱҲˣҪҵҲףҿԺɡ
Ȼˣ뿪˵ذɣȥŷǻϡͷ
ȻûֻҪԼҶ߾Уʱֻ𴫵ϢôԸҶˣȻ飬ûκιϵ
·ǰǵķ
УѾԼд߶ȻƣӶϵȻ
ȥ𣿡ȻյϢʱ¶Цݣǳġ
ѶҶˣֻˣҪȥǻϣûѯҪȥϾǵĻɡǻ֮ٸڵĵַ
ţ㴦ĺܺãԲǻɣ϶·һʱȰţǴŻָƵĻӣǽ̸֪ԶʧĵȻָǵȫΪԼЩ롣ûʲô˶һ˷۱ˡ
ţˣϵͨѶ󣬾͸֪ҶͶ˵ԼƺأҪϱչˡ
Ҷ΢΢Цңͽҵָưɡ
һһԣ˵ǷǳΣյġΪڱ˵ڣܵѹƣʵʮһǳΣգ֮ˣ˭ҽ˵棬൱ڰԼһ
һԣҲЦЦؿ²λش
ҲǲĿһ侲ͷЦǴԺӣҵȻҶ֣ҶֵʵҪʲôҲȥʲô𣿡
⵹˵ʵҶʵҶ棬ҶҲɱֺαضһ٣
Ǻǣˬ죡ҶЦһԼʼڣҲûԥ̤ȥ֮ռرա
ԱߵĶʱЦһﵹ侲ûһĻңҽҶֱͶ
ҶԵЦǴԺһλʦ֣ô׻ңЩˡħһˣ»Ҫɻء
ߣļһͬʦֵܶŹ˼ֱҶ֣ҿֱʡ鷳ߵ
ҶҡҡͷЦʯѾڲˣǽڴɱˣʯǰæһཻһ뿪֮ǰܹһУҲǻǴôôĶˡ
Уҿڴһλߵ߲ɣҪ֡Ʋ
ѵ㲻ǿһλߵ߰ǴԺҲǸԺһĴڣĿּ䣬Ƿǳ𣿡ҶЦ
ǵǣ˵ͷҲ¶ڴ֮ɫ
ӿٶȣλá

ͬʱԶȻĻϿգһɰƴңԶϯһ̣֮շɫ䣬һߴӰͬΡħɽգٶ¡
·޾ϣȻλսѾȺڴˣ𺳽٣жһ¶
û뵽Ź˸ˡǰǿӰȻѹе𺳣æλսӭȥ
٣ʧԶӭԶȻ㹪ĵλԴʱҲǳη
Ȼͬλսԣһ漴𺳺Ͳš
࡭
Ȼǲߣ


һǧŰʮ ׼
ޱߣǿϵǿ߶ʮλ˵ˣǳĶࡣʶڻ磬ΪߣҲѳ
λߵ֣Ȼȴ׹Ϊ಻һλߵߣһλ۷սܹܶ˶˵ʵѾӽ۷ߣҲֻһܹ̤硣
ˣڻ磬߾۷һˣǿߺ۷ߣҲѹȻλսˡ
λ֣߳ҶǱɣʯۣߺߣȫʢʱڣҲڲοڡȻкݺݵ˿һʧˡ
ߵߵʵԲǳ߿ԱģԲ˵ֳȵߣǧٸҲǲߵĶ֡ң໹Ǹߵеٮٮߣǽӽ۷ߵΰڣȻɲǴСá
Żӵ¶ˡߴʱѾŻɫĳۣԵ÷ǳӣͬһƽˣ̤
Ѿƣһ˿û¶ƽȴ͸ŲƽһգѾȻǰ
һ̣ȻϢĸоϵѹǳλսǲѾ
ȻЦ֪Ⲣǲڷʵǵʵ̫ˣ²ƣҲ޷ɵվһλߵǰ
ǿߵĻ¸źԶǶҪ̲ס
ǰˣȻһǿҪ¹ĳ嶯ҲԼϵģǹһλǿܣǹһλܲˣΪʺʵҪΪߵġ
ž޴ѹȻ˵ǰңֻû뵽Ź붯ǰ
кɻǿߣǰҲܹ˵ϻģһʳǵĹô붯
Ǻǣ㲻ú棬ֻǶʯЩ棬뿴λһһʲô¡ˣ𣿸ңߵһЦ
Ȼæ˵Ѿ˻УҪ˶ãܵõǵ١
ǵٺϸҡ˵ˣΪ֪Լɢѹ̫ˣҪټȥȻùˣսҪιȥˡ

ֱȥ֮Ȼǲźݺݵ˿
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в֣߳ʯۻָȫʢʱڵʵҲûã̫ˡ

λá
ҶͶѾϻˣ𾪵ǣ˿Ǹ޴Ѿˣȡ֮һƬʵ󷨣ټһƬգʱն棬޷ȥԨɲ⡣
̫ˣʲô󷨣Ȼǵвˡһ𺳵ؿǰľ޴󷨡
ʯЦӭȥŵ˵ЩȻϵΪҵȴڲϵݽţҵѾԽһʦﵽһµľ磬ʵһλߵҲ޾塣
Ҷ𶯣󷨵Ŀ³ֱԽɱеĴɱԼԺһҪСġ
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ʯ۵ͷЦҶ˵Ĳһλߵߵʵ̫ǿˣ׿ɱֳߣôܻǼ
һ׼ֻҪȴʱˡʱЦˡ


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һǧŰʮ ɱ
ʯۿͣǰĸߴӰɫʱޱأ̶Ҷ˽͵ǻǳߣʵڸߵߵжٮٮߣǳӽ۷ߣֳڲǰֻбɱķݡ
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Ҷдһˣֻһʵûлָ۷ʱڣҶŽã̫ԣȵһκҶʱ֮д裬ҶҲ㡣

Ľ磬ʱմ󺣣ޱߵĿռ籩УҾ޴Ļͣڴˡ
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һǧŰʮ 
УҶһϥղԪɫ˵˵ɣʲô
ҶɫŹ֣üڻսһУҶǵãȴ޷˵ڣƺǻֹһ㡣
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ΪҪˣɻ
ղԪҡҡͷҲ֪ˣҲҪ̽Щú¡˵㻹ҾȰȥʱ򼸰ȴѾһǧһٶ֮ǰҪˡ
ٺЦΪʲôŷ޻ںҴ磬ǽҶ̬ѾǧŰˡ
ղԪ𾪣ΪԿóҶŷ޻ڵΪͿˣû뵽Ȼ˽
ղԪ漴ЦðǽսȴǶĶˣֻǿϧҲһӡ
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ԺĻԺĵӣǴĳǵˣȫˣһĿͣš
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ĳϿգһϲ
ԺԺž޴ĻӣӭŻλҽǿ߶ȥÿһӶһΣǿֲܹ·ĴĳǣֱӺλǿߣƵɫ䣬ˡ
ߣ·ղԪöԱߵҶȵ
ԺأҶɫصص˵ͷ漴뿪ĳǣʼԶȥ
ձǴԺĩգ󷽴
ҶתͷȥӰҽķȻûǿߣȴߣ
Ƭ֮䣬ĳǾͱΧˣս˲䱬
ҶҳͻȻһϤĴ
ĳڶʱһӰڣģҶ졣
ţô޴ղԪÿҶ죬ʱüͷ𡣲Щ֣ΪǰҶ֮ǰҶЩһ
ԺҵķҲûʲôˡڵҶЦҶð˲ħķʵ뱾һֻǼֲ˳á
ãˡղԪԵ˵ͷ漴Щο
Ҷ̧ͷеϤӰ΢΢һѹôϤԭԼʶˡ
Ҷ죬þòǽ壬ǽҶأǵϤӰ
Ҷ죬Сĵ㣡ղԪҶһ䣬Ѿϲ񷣬ӭҽǿսȥ
ȻҽռݶǿԶԺֻǴԺʵǿһжһ
Ҷ쿴ǰٵϤӰ΢΢Цӣþòû뵽㻹ǵңҶĳҡŶˣһѵ֣ϴȥҽ磬ֻǽˣұҶ졣
ǰ֮ˣѪ¹ɴˡ
ҹ廹Ҷ죬㶼ƭңǵһҲһѪ¹ɴŭ壬֮к͸䣬ֱӶҶһɴ˿ɼжôŭ
ӶһǳɼʵҲвѵĿԣϾҵʵݣҽ籩¶֮ءҶЦһһָһ㣬ֱѪ¹ɴ˵ƶˡ
㡭Ѫ¹ɴһеһղźŭ֣ȫȫû˿飬ȻҶһָƿҶĻղžˡ
Źȥã
ҶȻѾôǿˡ
ǺǣᣬԶԶĶְʱһϤ
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ѪħڴˣŴʳ̫Ҳ˼λɣĴˣħħҽ꿡ܣ϶ˡ
֮ǰ˵ѪħڴˣҶ죬ɱ⣺λɱǱ뿪
Եڶ꿡ܷ׷׵ͷǶʶҶĿֲսȻ֪ߵǿǱ
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˻һɫ䡣
ҽڶ꿡ܷ׷״ŭǵȷܸҶ죬ΧҶ춼вǶѾ磬ΪԼѾԽҶ졣
ҶҲ磬ҲԼĵ
ɱʳ̫Ӻȵ
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һ꿡ܷ׷ΧסҶ죬һֲĹ۳һ忪˻գҶɡ
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һ̣Ҷӳ˳ǰһҽ꿡ܣ³һ֣ã
˲䣬εĲϯУеҽ꿡ܣȫһ𣬽Ǹоǰ˱仯
ǵУĳǲˣҶҲˣҽʹԺǿ߶ˣһеľʧˣֻʣ¿յ޺ͱĺڰ
ǴԺõԺľѧջñ䡷ѾҶ˵ʮĲ㣬֮ǿԹھ۷塣
ţ
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Уҽ߷׷ɫ䣬ΪǿΧסҶڶҽ꿡ܣ·סһɫľȻؽֹڰС


һǧŰʮ ֱ
֮Уһҽ꿡ܳҶĻþ֮в԰ΣѾջñ䡷ʮĲʱĻþѾﵽԼĵز˵ǻþ˵һʵ硣
ҽ꿡ܶڿţһѰٶһǧϵţмǧϵ۷ǿߣϧǣҲȻڻþ֮У޷ʱ
ǳڻþ֮еʱҶѾٴγˡ
䣡
ûʲôεֶΣҶֻĳһƣ߶ˡΪһߴĽɫˣһɫֹһɹڽɫͬצһ˻˳ҶĽɫƣһҽ꿡ڡ

ס֣

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Ѿһλ߳ˣռߣƣһɫ󹭱УңһɫĺͬһҶĺ󱳡
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ɱһǧ˰ٵƴ
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΢һչֳͽҶ󱳵ǵɫѹסˣٶȴоųɾʣɫȻȴҶһȭ׺÷顣
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ҽһ߼״ɵɫ䣬һͫг֮ɫ
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ȻҲм˵˳ǷֱѪ¹ɵĴˡħ崫ˡռ崫ˡڴˣ⼸ǧģټбԹؼʱ̱ס˲л꣬ҽЩ߷
Щӹһٵҽ꿡ܣȫɫҰף£ǷǳҶĿֲһǡ־ܡٶ࣬Ҷǰûãֲֻܱ̫ˡ
ҶûмǣΪһλռѾɱˣ֮ǰҶһλߣķŭϢ񱩣ɫ󹭱ĿĹâޱߡ
СӣܺãȻԵסһʶ֮Уǵһʸ֪ҵ֣סˣɱ˽Ρռ˵֮ȻͣĮ⿪֮ޱɱΧ¶ȶֱ˪
Ҷ޾⣬ŶΣһһҪսս
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ҽЩȣȻɷŭǿҶ죬ҲаޣϧӢܲҽ硣
á
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СӣĻþǿھԵǰҲֻ۵վһЦ
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Ѫ¹ɵĴĿЩӣУҶƭŪڹ֮䣬裬ǶҶ츳ʵȴǷǳģֻǷͬӪעΪС
ҲãѪ¹ɵĴһ̾
Ȼһ̣Ŀʱ˴͡


һǧŰʮ Խս
Ѫ¹ɴ˵Ŀ֮УΪҶ죬ȴͻȻ֮ͬһ㣬һȭȭϮɫ硣ȫ䣬ȭâƵƥȭת磬һת
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ԱߵĽħ崫ˡռ崫ˡڴˣҲһɴ۾š
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λռͫ𾪵ضҶ죬ſڽࡣ֮ɫӿһƬκˡ
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һǳǿ󣬿ɼѾŭֺ飬ĹһҶΧͱҶġ桱ˣʣԶҶв
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أ
ԶսҽߣѪ¹ɴˡħ崫ˡڴˡռ崫˵ȵȣȫһ֮ɫܣ̽ӣȴҶһϢܵ
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Զģ׼ɱҶ죬ȴҶͻȻ֮ʧˣ˶ʱסˣһŷӦŭĴȴôҲҲҶټ
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ηŭ֮ɫ
ΪһߣûɱһСڱᣬڸؿԼСˣŭԷйѪ
ҪǣķѾ޴ģȴǰװ˷ˡ
ΪһߣҪģҪķѺܶ౾ԴܵطɣķôĴۣȴˣͺñþȫһȭȴֻǴпл𷢲ĸоؿڷƣŭڣ˫ĿһƬ졣

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Ҷֵ̫ͻȻˣûзʱһ⣬θոֹͣģܵɣ֡ʱҶ͵ϮԲ˵ôء
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飬綯
ͷһħ񣬾̧㶼ɢֲܣ汻ػĴĳǵ涼ѿһ޴ķ϶
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ʵ̫ˡ
ԶҽҲɴ۾һſڽ࣬Ҳ֪˵ЩʲôΪǴûҶ

Ҷ죬Сҳ
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ңԶЩսҽѾˣҶһŭڵΣתգֻһ̵Ļ
ҽߣˡ
Ѫ
ԶЩҽҲɫѿ


һǧŰʮ 
Ȼǿ
Ѫ¹ɴˡڴˡħ崫ˡռ崫˵һЩҽ꿡ܣҶȥķһĿ⸴ӣɫĬ
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Ҫȥչأߣ̤Ľ硣ħ崫һתȥ
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Ǻǣûϵһ뿪˵ءҵʵ߶ᷢǣܲǲǿץҰɡҶ첻Цڡ걦䡷ͻƵ˵Ĳ㣬Сһ桱ɱпԿߣգʱܣ߻ҪǿõԼȫ
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ͬʱҶͨ磬ʱ̹עŴĳǵս


һǧŰʮ ͽ
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ЩǴԺӣһЩġ
ҶɻǣмϤѧԱȻ
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м޵ʾԼľ̾ͬʱҶǳͣڲҪ¶棬ֵ͵
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Ҷһ뵽ǼѯԼλõĴԺѧԱжʱ
ǴԺҲһ飬ҲĳϤˣҽļϸ⣬ҲеӾǴԺˣӶͶҽ硣ԣԼˣҲܸλãһҪ־衣˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵֪ˣҾָղŻмǰûĵҵλãпܶˡ
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Цʮа˾ģ֮ǰҲѯʹǶҵλãŷ޻ڵλãߣһȺļһΪǴԺˣôȲؾҪˡ
֤ݣһŻҶɱЩұѴԺͽзǳŭ
ȫԺû˻㣬˵һų򡣵ҷϸҽԸԺΣԼʦţǾ˵ö֮ˡ
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ޱ׼ҽǿɱҶ죬ϾҶ츳ߣҽҲһвֻû뵽Ҷ쾯ôߣûκ͸¶Լλá
ʵϣ֮ǰǼҶͶΪͽѧԱʵޱ߰ŵģĿľΪǵλãҶλá
ޱҪ赶ɱˣҶ̫ˣûиκԼλá
Ҷ죡
Űɣ츳ԽߣֵԽҫۣҽ˾ԽΪжҳ֣ҲŹġ
ޱֻЦ

ĳǵսڼĽеڹעһս
һʼԺܹ֣ҽԽԽǿ٣ԺѾʼˡ
ĳǵѾƣǳرݻ٣ĳڵѾĽ
ҽǲû׷ɱΪҪܵĻǺѱɱģοҲֻռϷѣûնɱЩߵĴԺߡ
˶ڹע֮ϣѪͻĽִߵս
Ѫ治ϱ˺˻Ľִߣԡ޾Ѫʤǿսһɡ

Ľִ壬ԺԺԣսԼУȻ߶ӣһɿֲĲ˷ϯȥ
ͣ
ۣ
˲䣬Ѫħħ汻شɳȥ
׷ɱѪҲһƺߣһͣĽִеĻӣЩɵ
ǳԺԺֻһλߣסλǿߡڻĽִλܱȫѪ涼Щɵ


һǧŰٰʮ ɢ
սڽˣĽֳִֻ߻Ѫ沢ûȥ׷ΪֳֻӵĻĽִѾвˣ绹ڻΪɱĽִ߶ˣôֻˡ
ңһսվҽӮˣĳǱƣԺˣҽʼפĽ磬̶ռĽ硣

޺
սҶͨ磬յ˴ԺԺϢ
ԺӽɢʦѡκԺĻ̣ܶ͸¶Ϣȴǳˡ
Ժɢˣ
ҶͫһЩţгɻǲ⡣
ԺȷˣĳҲٵˣһսҽӮˡǴԺʵɱţлĽִߺԺڣҽҲԺΪҪɢ
ԺΪʲôҶѯʴԺԺ
߽д䣬úԺһ仰ȻͰҶɾˡ
Ҷסˡ
߽д䣿
ԺĽɢѵΪҽ磿
Ҷ֣
Ҷ죡
ŷ޻ڡҲѶȻҶˡ
Ҷڻ֮нһռ䣬󽫶ŷ޻ڡ졢ϾƹղԪá޵һһ˽

Ժ
ǰ
˷׷׼
ղԪõλߣʵǿ˰֣ɫɡ
ϾƹһȲʵԺ׷ʲôˣΪԺҪɢԺ
ҶҲղԪãղԪǸԺߣǴԺľԸ߲㣬֪Ķ϶Ƕࡣ
ӭѯʵĿ⣬ղԪ̾˿ҲֻԺͻĽִ߲Կ϶ǣǴԺĽɢΪҽ磬Ϊҽûй֮ǰԺѾ׼ɢԺˡҲѯʹԺԺֻ˵߽罫д䣬ʱĽִ߶Ҫ뿪Ľ硣ûлĽִߺԺĴԺ϶ᱻжˣԺŽɢԺǻΪ㣬֤ǵİȫסӽԺ㲻ǴԺˣǿԼκħо죬ҽ綼С
ԣһĬÿ˵ɫǳء
Ҷ컹һ㣬ϾԺá
Ͼƹޡŷ޻ڡǣڴԺ˴뱲ӣԺ˵ǵļңڼûˣǵ֪
һǴԺĵӣǴԺĵӣҲκҧ˵
Ҳ˵ͷǼͽڴĳǣÿһӵܶǴԺӣ˵ǲԸԸ˵ҲգҪ֪һλߡ
ǶһλߣԱǲղԪõ˵ͷ
ϾƹЦôĴţˣͷùһĽ硣
Ҫչأֱߡ޳
ҡŷ޻ڳƬ̣漴Ҫ죬ȻԺ˵д䣬ôڴ֮ǰʵ
ղԪõ˵ͷ˵ûϵȻԺѾɢˣȥﶼСҾǴԺĹϵȻһϵԯ϶İ˳졣
лԺŷ޻м
ղԪð˰֣漴һֱĬҶ죬ʵҶ죬ʲô㣿ҲҪ죬ǿ϶ܸˡ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ҵʵҲҶٰǰҽ硣
ǺǣԭҪ磿Ǻǣн죬δزõղԪЦ
ҶԺ˵ɡ
ţʲôʱҪȥ죬ϵңҰ㰲šղԪҲûǿҶ졣
ģ͸뿪ˡ

УҶ˳磬˼ڿԼδĵ·
ҽ߽罫д䡭ԺĻҶܵڤڤ֮еΣĽִߺԺǵǿ߶ܼɵӶòɢԺΣǳĿֲҽҪΣա
ҵþʵ̤߾磬ԱʵҶ찵뵽
Ȼ˵ڡ걦䡷˵Ĳ㣬Կ߶ֲܱܣһ߸ɱ
ҶҲ㣬εһսѾúܶоˣ϶֪㡣
ӵʱգյҶ죬һߵȷסӵѹշ׻ôҶӲˡ
Ѿ۷壬ֻʣһʯ˾ԼҪǲʣµļʮԼ˲ħ
ҶԼƻ


һǧŰٰʮһ 
ԺŹҶ춼Ѿ˵ʮĲ㣬ʮ߲ģŹѾﵽ˼ޣ޷ˡ
ҶǧŰٶʣ¼ʮûҪɵļƻٵðǧŰپʮó߾׼
⣬Ҷİ˲ħֻһħʣ߸ûҪ֪ÿһħӵк൱ʵ˴뱾壬ܹҶʵƾһλʣջҶܹ
ʣ¼ʮҿʣµȥﻻȡҸ˲ϤֻղԪøԺʶ̫ϳԯգӦÿ԰ʽס
ҶĿ˸˼š
ǰ˲ħˡҶüͷ˲ħҪȻҲȵڲһħ
ңһħҶ쵱ѾҽħͬԴܳɹ
ڣҶħǾ͵ȵõһǿ壬ٸĵرܹɹ
ĵرãҶϴڻջܴ󣬼ŷ۾ڻԭʯʣڻԭʯһٶԻȡĻԭʯ㹻˲ħõĵرˡ
Ψһȱٵı߾ǿ壬õ߼Ҳ۷壬ԽǿķЧԽá
ߡûնɱֻѡһȵ۷ˣѡһЩ츳ǿ壬ħŻ
Ҷڱ·ϵղԪǰ콻סǰݴ棬Ӿ̻ﹺ˲ħõĵر˳ûҪ۷弶塣
ƻˣҶȴûм뿪޺ͨ磬ʱ̹עҽһĶ
һʼҽ˷ǳţ׼ֻĽ磬ǲú󣬻ĽִЯӽҽ籾ҽʧɫѪ桢Ѫħ桢ħ˼̷ҽ磬ԼţֹĽִߴɱ䡣
ҽڲŷ֣һûк֮ǣһ˵ĻĽִ߲µģΪҪʱ̾
Ѫ桢Ѫħ桢ħǶǼҴҵǵĸҽ磬ڻĽִߵв£Ǽ޵ҧгҲ뿪ҽ硣
ʣµҽһȺȻֻĽ磬ûǿϵǿڣǵҲܵ˺ܴտʼôˡ
Ҷ˿֪治£뿪޺ǰݴ档

ݴȻֻһ棬ǳ֣̻ᣬ̻Ǿ̻ᣬĴʼ֮һǾݴˡ
Ҷɫǳۣıòۣݴ档
ò˵ݴʵ̫ˣۼ޾һ֮ǣ壬ɽ˺
Ⱥ֮УҶ쳯ž̻ܲȥǵһ˵أﲢϤӻ֪ھ̻ܲһжûеģ̻Ҳ취Ūǰ㹻Ļ㡣
Ҷûл㣬лԭʯ
ʵھ̻ᣬһЩ߼ƷǵûԭʯܹģûáϾԭʯֻƷ
ݴǳӴ֮Уû򣬶һƯľ޴½عƬΰ׳۵硣
̻ܲλһ½ϣ½ֻӴϵǿߣĶǿߡ
̻ķǳãȻҲпҶν׵ļֵ̫ӴˣݽԼҪĲ嵥֮󣬽һʱ䣬̻ѾеĲϸˡ
ܺã
ҶһеĲϣȷ֮Цſǰ³ȹŮӣ΢΢ЦǻĽ̻֮һеĲһӦȫ
ǰͺãŮ΢ЦŵͷͬʱзǳΪһǧԭʯĽף̻ᣬνףõĹ㹻ˡ
ֻǲ֪ΪΣǰİˣȴһֺϤĸо·һ
漴ɹȻһЦԼôܼˣȻ˵Ϊ͸ܹóǧԭʯı˵ǣˣ㿴ᣬҲ϶ϵϹһСС߽֮ôʶ
Ǻǣ
Ҷ쿴ǰŮӣȴЩпʶŮӣǵոմĽ磬μӶʱͬһСӵĳԱѪǵúڿʱ˴Ů
ҶҲ֪Ѫ˾̻ᣬֻû뵽Ѫҵ츳Ȼ쵽˾̻ܲ
ҲΪʶѪҶָԼĽˣĻֳΪټǧԭʯĽ׶ӴҲǾ̻ĸ᳤УֵõС
򵥵˵ҶҪһ׮͸ѪϾǹ


һǧŰٰʮ Ѫ
ѪЩɻؿǰġǰ֪ΪʲôԷЦԽеϤ뵽̲סʵǰǲǼ
ҶһɫΪڸıò֮ѪôʶѵŮ˵ĵУ
΢΢ҡҡͷҶ˸ѵûУϷǵһ̻ᣬҴǰһֱڱչ֮СˣϷϢн𣿡
Ҷæתƻ⣬ȻпܱѪ³
ԼĹѪǷǳģȻҲְô죬ɫǰҪǿʬ壬һҪʵ̫ˣǾ̻ûСֻ֪дԺħ;ĴпӵСȻǻĽҽͨǰĶҲԴҽõҽشﲩħޣսҲֹǰҪĶӦ׻á
Ҷ˵ͷѪȷһ򣬲̻ʵǷȱȻӵ۷弶ǿߵʬ塣
ֻҽ硭
ҶЩؿѪղᵽҽ磬ǻĽҽĹϵѵһܸǽף
Ѫ΢΢һЦҽǰһֱҪֻĽ磬Ϊҽ滷ӣòΪ֮ˡһлĽִǰڣҽҲܽǻĽ֮˸Ͼɱ˫յں˴˽Ȼ
ҶЩ͵ؿѪ̾۽粻ȻԿ͸Щ
ǰˣѪǫѷЦЦ漴˵ʵڻĽʹԺս֮Ǿ̻ѾɳǰȥͻĽǢ̸ˡͨһ̸УҽѾǾ̻ҽ罨ֲǰҪ׵ĻҲΪмˡ
ҶЩ𾪣Ǿ̻Ķ죬ңǵʵô˵ҽģ
Ѫ΢΢ЦˣǾ̻ǱȲҽֻҪܹǴȥ棬ôǵȻϡңǶǱǷǳлĽִڣĽҽʹսѾˡҪڻĽվȽŸôͲųĽˣǺҲǺƽĽ硣
Ҷ˵ͷ˼Ƭ̣˵ãǾ̻ȷɣҪĶȥҽչҿûԭʯԼס

ѪоһΪ̻ˣȻͻļֵǿлԭʯҲ򵽵ıǸȱıκΪӶҪֶ
£Ѫæ˵ǰģǾ̻ν׷ڵһλȥҽչ
ţҶ˵ͷ
Ѫ漴ǣҪϢ߾̻߲㣬Ͼһν׵ӴڡʮڻԭʯпܣѾԾˡ
ȻٳʽףĹͿ϶ܴһ죬Ϊ̻ĸ߲ߡ
뵽ѪԽˣ̻ص֪ܲһλ᳤
λ᳤Ҳˣٿ߲顣
λľλ᳤ܣһھ̻߲˵ܹӵ˾޴ĲƸΪǿ͸϶һǿϹνףôԽύǿϹܵõһʷ棬⻹ԴǾ̻ܹõҽ꣬ҽֺôʤνһٶá
һھ̻߲ǵͷܹλõĶǴˣȻ֪һνӴôҲһ˷ܡ
һԴȥҽ磬ȡٶνףν֮Ǿ̻һΪҽͻĽһ̻ᡣ᳤˵

Ѫαֲνõľ޴ͣѾ̸ʾ˻᳤Ϊҽֲܡ
ɢ֮󣬸᳤ͽѪЦݵ˵
ܣҽ磿Ѫԣһ
֪̻Ҫҽֲ֪ҽܵȨжô޴󣬽ڸ᳤ˡֻһܣҲǾ̻ĸ߲㣬ڵλø˲֪ٲ㡣
Ѫ᳤ЦݵؿѪгοҪףǾ̻ڲҲǾ̻ܲȨĵطѾò㹻λø㡣εĹʵ̫ˣ㣬ôԺ˭Ǿ̻Ṥԣǿ鲢ʾ᳤֮󣬲žǰҽ硣
᳤Ѫ˵ҽֲܵȨжҲ֪Ҫ֪ȻֻǸܣʵϣֻһλʵǿǰֻҽ磬κҵ顣ԣʵҽֲܵȨʵܡ
һ֮£֮ϣ⽮
Ѫмѡ
Ѫģúøɣֻܹҽֲãʱ򣬾ͿԻ᳤ˣʱ㶼ܺƽƽˡ᳤ЦŴȤ
ѪѾ˵ˣ뵽Ҷ죬жЩϤİ˳˸оԼܹһ죬Ϊˡ


һǧŰٰʮ 
̻Ķܿ죬Ͼɳһλ᳤ǰҽ磬ʼҽǢ̸ס
۷弶ǿߵʬ壬ҽб棬ϾҽĺңûĽͨǰΪԴսϣټħ޵вǿ߲֪
Ľ磬ΪԺ졢ħĴ˴˼ɵͿƣԺٷս۷弶ʬˡ

ݴ棬һľĸۡС
ԡѾΪ̻һλֲ𣡡Ҷ쿴ŶѪ΢΢Цϲˣ
⻹ҪлǰЯѪм֮ɫǳԼн죬ǿŶԷʶңǰλصǿߣҲҪͽᣬùϵ
ǺǣŬĳɹҶЦЦ˵
ţȻҶɫһ
ĻյһҪϢ
£ҶѪ˵ҪչˣȻﵽٸҡ
õģǰѪʶȤظ뿪
ĿѪĽȥҶͨ磬ղԪӰ¶ЦſҶ죬˵ѾԯϹϵˣҪļʮŪ֣ҪöึʮĴۣŻһ
ڻĽ磬һ㶼һһĽҶ̫żˣҪռҪԵøһЩۣϾڼҪ˼ҲǣˣȻҪԿ
ҶԴҲںæղԪ˵Ժͬ
ʮֵܴ󣬵Ҷ첻ںΪٶ
˵ЩôСֻܵԭʯáֻҪõԯǼʮôͻﵽǧŰپʮﵽļޣһΪ׼ˡ
ãѾԯ˵ˣпվסղԪ˵
ζлԺˡҶм֪ⶼԯտղԪõϲŻףĻʵûʸ붯һλȡ
ǴԺܳţǴԺѾɢˣһϣܹɳҲԺԺҪˡղԪؿһҶ죬ڴ
ҶռλһսҶǱӽδزΪڶĽִߡ
úŬɣղԪóҶ˵ͷ漴ͨѶ

Ҷ˳磬ݺݵһȭͷ֮ɫɹռʣµˣֻҪɰ˲ħҵʵӦþͻﵽļޣʱԶԸȵߡ
Ҷϴռεһսһ棬ԽεʵѹƵ߾磬ƵöԷֻģܷ
ϴֻҶһħɰ˲ħһа˾ħټϱ壬ǾǾŸˡŸһ֣Ҳܹһλߡ
ңҶ컹һ޴ĵƣǾǰ˲ħľžźһ֮˾ħ뱾壬ڶʱʹñʵԾһΡ
ʱҶ㲻ߣҲӵߵս
ҽĽͨӿƶټϴԺԺĪҶиеصѹҪǿʵҪԼҲҪڵȺѡ

ӣҶһھݴڵȴ̻ĺϢһ߲ԼĹ걦䡷
ǴԺŹҶ춼Ѿ˵ʮĲ㣬ʱʱ̶̿ŹҪĻǿѧ
ʯ۴ġʯ˾Ҳҽɿ졣
˵Ҷʵһӣûмޡ
ʱţʮԪգۼ̻Ϣڴˡ
ۡУѪЦݵضҶ˵ǰҪĶǶˣҽҪ㾡ʮš
Ҷ˵ͷҲЩ˵ҪģϾӡ
ңҶҲֻϾ߾ǿʬֵܴû㹻Ļԭʯֻ档
;̻һֺҶոٿʮħҶȺȥĵʬǵõ˲ٻóʮ˵ɡ
ҽĴڿٿ֮ȻǷǳ⣬ۣͰѶ׸Ҷˡ
Ҷ鿴һ߾ǿʬ壬ħ޵ģҲҽһЩǿ壬۷弶ʬֵķǳãһ߾߶ɢǿϢҶ춼еľ
ԴˣҶǳ⡣


һǧŰٰʮ 󹦸
֮Ҷ첢ûм뿪ݴ棬ڴ˵رչأ˲ħ
߾ǿʬ壬ټ֮ǰϣҶǳ˳̶һԪھ˰˲ħ

һ丮ۡУҶ춸Ȼ۾ͺһ
һ̣һһģһġҶ족˳վһһ˾ħʵԺһ
ЩħҶ϶ʱ¶ЦݣûҸôĴۡ
Ϊʣµ߾ħҶθĴۺܴ
֮ǰھ̻ṺȥǧԭʯٿԼʮǻɻԭʯǾһ֡
ȻҶ˵߾ߺһսħȻԶЩ
뿪˵أԾžźһô
Ҷм֪Լʱʵ뿪ݴ棬һƬĻͣ
žźһ
Ҷ漴߶˲ħ֮еľУ˾ħʱ뱾壬ѪΪһ塣
¡¡һǿϢ͸Ҷ˫貵⣬һ̧㶼ɢֲܣǿø߶׷ԶһЩе׷Զ˵ء
ηڴˣͻȻһӾݴķ̺֮ӴӣԶ磬Ȼһλǿߡ
ߣҶû뵽ԼŪĶ޴Ӿݴ洫ҲǾ̻ػ᳤ʹ˴򽻵գ˲뿪Ƭش
뿪úһĿӴ̤֮˳ǰյĻգüͷ΢΢𣺡ϢǿӽߣԭΪֻǸոսΪߣȴû뵽ٶô죬һŲ֮Ҷһ˿ռ䲨ֱ뻯ǹա

ͬʱҶѾ޺
ȳߣٴΣҲԽնɱٲҲܽشҶԼڵĿֲܣʱЦ
Ȼžźһǳ⡣
Ψһȱ֧ŵʱ̫̣ǼսҶԼ״̬űְʱ䡣ϾҶվߣǿȳߵͨںħģһˣʱںѲ䣬޷ս
Ҷ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
˺߶ԿʵеڻĽߡ
شܣҶҵ򣬷档
ȥݴ棬Ҷ컹һЩ֪ʶЩԼͽФԼ׷һ
ò˵λͽһϵ츳ܸߣѧɲšФѾһλ߽֮Ϊ浱ǿһ
Ф֮µҶʥŷ۾ˣǻûʹΪ֮Ľ֮Фˡ
ҶǳˣͽܸһϲҲɾͲ֮¡
ҶʦǷǳֲģǱʵǿóǿ󷨣Խս
һФҶչֳһħǰ졣˲ħԲķҲܹܳʱ䣬ԴȥĽס
Ҷһξ죬·ͨ磬Ѿϵԯλ̫ϳϡ
ͣ
ѿһϤӰ˳ԯա
Ҷ״ЩܳæǰôˣҶԯǰ
û뵽ԯջӭԼʵһ
ռλߵһսѾĽ磬ڵʵҲϷӭˡԯˬʵЦҶĿͣһЩĽĽԺһôĴˡ
ԺƺɢˣǰղԪϼһﻹһŷ޻ڵż죬Ҳ
ԯնǰҶ죬΢΢һһЩ㡣
Ҷ첻֪ԯյ˼æ˵ǰˣǰԶء
Ҷⲻǫ飬ʵԯ̫ǿˣһλߵȵߣǻĽĶ
ҶȻԿߣԯճ֣նɱӶӲ
ԣΪ˱һ㣬ҶԼħףԯձϾղԪãҶ쵱ȻҪһЩ衣
ǺǣСӣãϷʱһͷö࣬ϷôãͳԽϷˡԯ΢΢Ц漴˻֣ʮʱڰС
ҶһԼҪʱĿ¶â
СӣЩҪˣΪռЩϷǷһҪ֪ЩϷħģҿϷеӣȻԯ˵
лǰæҶм֮ɫóԼ׼õԯա


һǧŰٰʮ £
ԯս֮ҶҲͣһ·ˣȫͶ桢𾪵Ŀ⡣
˭Ȼ̫ϳͬ
֪Ҷ죬ǴԺǿţǰҽһλߴòʤ
Ҷ졭û뵽ǾˣѵҲҪŷ޻һǾ𣿡

Ϣĺܿ죬ûãӾͶ֪Ҷˡ
һЩ̵ŷ޻ڣҲоһЩţҶ춼ʶϾϴζһս̽

úҶ쿴һ˫۵ĳȣһǾɶԱ߻뵽ԼɶһʱЩΣæתͷȥ
ߣ
޵ģҶɶǱһߣԽΡ
նŷ޻ڵ˵ͷҶԯգȥ
϶йԶ˿ҶıӰ͵͵һԱߵĽ㣬һ˫ԲԲĴ۾תţ˸źɵĹâ
ͬʱԯҶ죬ǰ洫ԯյĻ
Сӣʶɶǹ
ʶҶæ˵漴ԯպɵĿ⣬ڨڨϾһսֻйһ֮Եκν
Ҷ캹գܸܲԯգԼɶ˰ɡĻ첻ٰ֪Ľɶῡ׷ɱԼ
ɶǾĵһŮԯԲҶĹתͷҶ죬ٺЦҪҪϷǣʣǼһǳͬŮ
ˣѾˣ˵ῡܶǣôܿҡҶ죬æҡͷ
ǾȺСӿɱȲ㣬Ͱ仨ժˡԯҡҡͷҶԼס
ŮҶϾˮ
ΣԯŶҶ죬Ц˵ǴԺŷ޻ѾǾˣСҪҪҲһǣ¸㣬ǾϻᰲһЩ˽ҪǼ죬϶һĻ
ˣ
Ҷһ֪Լ϶ܵԯյ£
֮ǰɶŮջڻֱ˵ˡ
ҶҲԼİֻϿԼǴԺĵӣϾԼǴӴԺɳģûһϵʱ죬Ժ˲⣬ԼҲȥһء
΢΢˼Ƭ̣Ҷ̧ͷǸ˵лǰ񰮣һʱ䡣
ίܾˡ
ԯնʱЩźûзǼ˵֪չĿģӵõЩҲôﵽǧŰپʮˣһӶ߾硣֪֪磬һ˵ġ
飿ҶЩ
ԯ΢΢Ц߽ǴӻģǱ˴˾ȴԶΨһű磬Ȼ硣磬ԱǻĽӽӽ磬ͻƿڻĽ׺ܶ࣬ȻΪΪʲôǿôࡣǵĻҽħۣȻ߳ȴġ
Ҷһû뵽ħҲǴġ
ųĬҶ죬ԯռ˵Ҷ죬ʺܸߣ綼һ磬Կ̵ʱڽߡʱõǾ߲ʶֱ磬ԺɾͲ
˵ʵҶЩĶ뵽ԼڴԺһջίؾܾˡ
ԯЩźûзǶҶ˵ȥ࿼£ѾϷϵʽʲôʱԸǾ죬ֱϵϷǾĴԶ㳨
ܹҲֻҶһˡ
лǰ񰮣Ҷܸмԯյʶ
Ƭ̺Ҷ͸뿪ˣû뿪죬Ǻŷ޻һҾ¥档
ŷ޻ڿŴҴҸҶ죬ʱ̲סʵԯǰ£ɣ㿼ǵô
˵ʵǷǳϣҶģϾ˴˶ԴԺʦֵܣһҲиӦ
οŷ޻ڵҲùǰվǴԺӣڼǼ˾죬Ҳ˸룬ûʲôѣһЩǰҲûжԼҵĵôƣںܶطܵѹ
ԣŷ޻ںϣҶܹ졣


һǧŰٰʮ 
ȷ£ңҸܾˡŷ޻ڳڴҶ쵭һЦҡҡͷ
ҶĻŷ޻̾˿̶Ȱ˵㻹ôִţѵ𣿾ÿʱ䶼һŽ磬֮ǰ͵һ֮һҪˡʣ죬п϶
ǺǣҶ΢΢һЦ뵽壬Ƶһš
Ҳ֪ôˣʱŻ
Ҷ΢΢Щ
Ҷ֣ŷ޻ڿҶ죬˵ûǶ࿼£ϾⲻǱѴԺԺѾɢˣˣοղԪøԺҲϣǼ졣
˵ɣҶ첻÷ص˵ͷ漴ѵû취𣿡
ŷ޻ڳ˼ĿռϺܺʵӲΨǿ߲ܽƣĻĽ磬ǻĽִԺ俪ռȥ磬Ǵƿռϵܴ󣬻ĽִĻô϶ܵǿߵĹϾַ˵ͺǰҽҽһǿûʵԿ硣
֮⣬Ǿֻѡħ;ˣǷֱĹ硢ħ硣й͹ħ缫⣬Ҫ磬ҪԼתΪ͹ħ壬˵Ҫһ㣬Ǻɰٴ
ŷ޻ڵĻҶ찵һ̾ԼҪ͵вͨˡ
ҶҲûйղԪܹڻĽΪߣҶѵ
ŷ޻һҶ뿪ˡ
û˷ʱ·Ҷգͷһܿ޺档
Ҷ챾Ǽʮʼר
Ҷ콫еڴﵽǧپʮޣһ̣̤ļޣʵﵽһ۷塣
ǳ߾ˣֻһأ
Ҷпơ
ûҲЩͷֻҪʱ䵽ˣһɹ
һȴǱһͷûУβ
Ҷ֪һز֪ס˶ˣסղԪøԺһغܶ˽Ϊߵġ
Ҷ̹ͨղԪãղԪøÿһһֻĲ򣬵ȴԵ˭Ҳﲻ
ȻֻԼˡ
ΣҶֻѡʯ˾ҼԺŹȻ޷һôڹ¹ɣԱʵҲڽ߾硣
Ҷһ߼һָˣľ磬ָЩˣЩ˽ɿ졣
ڴڼ䣬ҽĸѾͻĽĸ˴ˣûжսϾħ;챳վ磬ҽȻʵǿҲһӵ硣
Ҷȴҽͨ񵥣ҽ׷ɱ
ռΪϾϴҶǲռ߶Զģͷ涪ռȻʹ޲ѡ
ֻҽԻĽ纣ϤһʱҲҶˡ
Զ׼ҽԻĽ˽⣬Ҷڵᱩ¶ġ
ֻҶû뵽һô졣

޺һҽľ޴սƻգʻ
һҾ޴սϣվżϤӰռΣռĴˣһĽǿߣţħҶЩԹ
ʣЩҶ鷳ġ
ͷ˲ΣһλҪǿߣͬռ壬Ѫһλеߡ
ǰ޺ŶѪι˵λǰ޺ǰ治Զ
ѪĿǰɫϣ΢üǻ棬Щ鷳
ȻǻĽˣҲ֪Ĺڻ棬ҲᱻѹƵ𾳽硣
ǿԶ֣ҪڻɱҶѣҽǿ߶Ľִ߸סˣ˭Ҳ뿪ҽ硣
ڻĽִ߹һҽǿ߶ĻĽִҽɱ䣬Զҽ磬Ľ硣
ΣҶѹ𾳽磬ռƣѵвһȺɱԴϴαҶŪĻͷͳ׳ΪҽЦеޱȵĳ裬к޼Ҷ졣
һԵռ崫˶ҶҲǳʹޣɭЦɱҶ죬ҲҪ棬ǳɳĻᡣڣƾҶٸߣҲ޷Ϊߡ
˵öԣŹЦгֻҶ죬ҲǳʹޣħʹԺͷ


һǧŰٰʮ ս
档
Ҷڻ붫
Ҷ֣ҵõϢռѾȥ޺ˡ޺Ͻ뿪һż˵
Ҷüȷ޺ûиκˣڵҲͨУ˭͸¶٣
ҴҽͨѶҶڻϲ鿴Ϣռбǿ׳պգһ·Ͼ˲ٻĽȻס٣ڻֵ÷зˡ
رջ磬Ҷ̧ͷԶǿգҺĹϵѾҽ̽ˡ
ҽ˲ȷǲ棬ǼĹϵռȻɼҪҶ֡
ϧעһ񣬺ߣҶ漴¶Ц֮ɫһ˫ɫӣ͸ſµɱ
֮ǰһЩɵڣ˰˲ħΪҲﵽļޣѾԼǿ״̬һж֣¶Էߡ
Ͼڻ֮УҲᱻѹ𾳽磬֮ͬУҶкξ壿
ʦټ
Ҷ촫ŷ۾
һ̣Ҷ˺գһɫĺΰ֮С
ǳڷһӣԱ߻ӡ
Ҷһˣĵȴš
ݣ
һԱߵĿϱһϤӰŷ۾ҶʥФֻ̫а֮ӡս޼ȵȣһǿȫһá
˶Ҷ졣
ҶôӣĿҵõϢҽռѾ˽޺һսѾ޷⡣
Ǿʹ򣡡ս޼ŵڻ棬ҲᱻѹƵ𾳽磬ͬľ磬кξ壿
ŷ۾ԵһЩǵͬľǵȷǣҲʵʮˣԷǶö࣬һսǺѴӮ
Ҷ΢΢üԴĽƾĹϵ߽ٶȺܿ죬ԭֻǧ𣬵ڵʮֽѾԽܶˡ
ǣҶղҲӻ֪ռԱϰҪǷڻ֮Уϰ
˫ԵȣǷǳ
οҽĴٶ֮лЩ˼㱻ѹƵ𾳽磬ƾǳߵľ磬ԼֲսʶǼ֮ͬУҲŷ۾ǿöࡣ
棬³Ҷ֮⣬Եŷ۾ǶС
УҲУսô
ûѡڣǻлЭ棬Է߾ɱǡ
ʦ𣡡
˸е޴ѹɫصʱһԵФͻȻҶ˵ʦһսطǹǿݴ͡
Ҷйâһƺ뵽ʲôЩοؿФͷʲô飿
ҲФ
ФԵЩ˼ͷٺЦǿǰú󷨣ڻ֮Уֻܲ𼶱󷨣ֵͼҪĲϲǺʦı¿϶Ū࣬ʱǾֱӿ󷨺ǡ
ŷ۾۾һЦФ˵Ĳǵƣռ֪Ҳ޿κΣϾҪǣͱЩ󷨡
Ǿô죬ھȥѼϣ˳ʱ䣬רĲ󷨡Ҷ쿪˵
Ф˵ͷ
ŷ۾վ˵ȥµ˳˵ء
εڶ࣬ǵýսҽʱţһţѡһЩͨս쵼Ҷʥ˽顣
ҶԴ˺Ͽɣȥš
Ҷֳ˰˾ħ뿪棬ȥФﹺ󷨵Ĳϡ
ҿҶգٶȺܿ죬ʱִĽκεط̵ʱڣӸطľ̻ṺԼҪĲϡ
ͬʱҶһħҲռǰǰԶǺƺƵľ޴սҶЦһóħ㳯Щսȥ
䣡
ҶĺͻȻҳٶȺܿ죬ʵ͵Ϯֱ¡
˲䣬һҾ޴սͱҶĵâɱ׵罵ޱ߷âսϵҽȫɱˡ
Ҷ죬ѾϳҶ죬һսƻ䣬ʱûðɡ


һǧŰٰʮ ɱ
ԭ°ܽþòôһսҶ쿴ǰ¶ΣʱЦ
ʱҶѾ֣ɫصضԶһҾ޴ս
ȻѾˣôͲ͵ϮĻᣬղͻȻϮɱ˶ԷˣѾǺܴսˣ⡣
ռ˾Ͳˡ
ڣһǿӰȫ֮УݺݵŭҶ졣
ҶĿһɨ΢΢ЩԾû뵽Щ˵УȻһߣҿϢλҪӴǳɵΣյĸо
ʣ˾Ѫһλеߡ
ңʱѪѾˣֻһϲ񷣬ɢĪܣΧĻն
Ҷʱܵ˾޴ѹΧĻձúܼӲ˵ˣն

Ҷ̧ͷǼ΢΢һҲޱ
ֺ֣ܶз࣬й࣬࣬࣬лָ࣬޾ЩǸиŵ㣬˵˭˭Ҫ
ǹϵѲΪԽգõ޷ߣͬʱ˵ʵ
ʱҶΪͱ˺ܶ࣬ն
£һߣǾ·һ
Ҷ죬Ҳн졣գҿλôӣ
ԶЦݣɫѿҶ죬з·һˬ
ߣ
°ܽʲô
Ҷߵм
°ܽԶʹĳ衣
СҾҪɱ㣬ϴˢ衣Ѿ಻סеķŭҶɱδһµļʸѾɱҶ졣
һ棡ҶһȻѹգһͬͷţ嫵ϯӵ˷Χҽǿڡ
ʱЩҽȫеһΪֱ
λٿеѪһҶĿ⣬ޱȵأǿѹƣֻһǶĶ֡
ǿҲֻߣŭһֱģǿ˲忪һѹƣߵĿֲҶк
Ҷ¶ɬΧձѪһ޷ˡ
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ȻŭˣΪϴˢ裬ƴģǿֲϯΧնڲ
գ·ѹƲסɿֲ
ɴ˿ɼģĻжô¡
ߵܣ
Ҷܵɿֲ΢΢ȻվߣǻԼĿ֮
ȥɣҶ죡ηŭֲĻһ󣬽Ҷûɡ
û˿ֵĿԣҶħɱĸɸɾĽħݻˡ
ҿҶǳ֪Լζ׶༪٣ûдƷֻһѽħһƷʧǲġ
ҶˣԶһսЩ㶵ؿһĻƺЩţҶôˣ
ԱռĴߵֻһ߷ֻ̽һǵʵһĺܡ
ٴھԵʵǰҲֻ·һѪ˵Ѿλˡ
նɱҶ죬ԵúܿģЦɱһΣɱһΣǵִ棬ڣĲЩͬ

档
Ҷ߾ħѾϻˣҴĲϣФȥˡ
ͬʱҶ챾ҲѾܵǾħնɱˡ
ֻҶ첢⣬ķһЩԴ㽫ħָˡ
еߣ
Ҷ֪ͨͨħһС
ȻռбһλеߣһԽյ
ѾҶԿˣͶԷ棬뿪޺һռҲҲֻ˾Ͳˡ
ֻںһսˡҶ
лѹƣҲᱻѹ𾳽磬ֻ棬ҶаնԸռǿߡ
ʼգҶ춼ûҪ˶뿪
ս
Ҷ³һ֣սǿϯЯſֲɱ
ȻҪսǱսɡ
Ҷޱȡ


һǧŰٰʮ һս
ռĴԽԽͬʱҶǱսʱĽҽˣҲĿͶ޺
Ȼһռ嶯̫Ѿעˡ
һռ壬ҽĶһǴԺǿţǻĽҫ۵ţ翹߶ܡ
һ˵Ŀ⡣
ңܶڲ²Ժ˻᲻ԮҶ죬ʱһս
ʱѾֵ÷зޱȡ
˵Ҷλ𣿡
Ҷıºܴ˵յ˳뻯ĵزҪߣ³ǿ⣬˭Ҳס
ֻҶˣ˾ˡ
ռ˻ǱɣԸһȻλߣô٣Զ٣ȫǸռˡ
ٺ٣ͷʵΪǾԶ٣ԴСΣ
̾ʧ٣ǻĽ类۸ֵز뵱߽磬նɱħʱҽƨҷһǻĽȴ䵽Ŷסĵز

ϡ
ò˵ȷкܶ˲ˬռ壬֧Ҷ졣Ҳֻڻ溰䣬޺ҶģȴһҲûС
ǵҪȴҶסˡ
Ҳв޺ǲԶ׼ǲִ£Ǵսġ
ħо죬սǲֱӽ棬׼ս
ʮ𣬿Ҷ䶨ˣռȻѪϴ档ħĵӲ̷ɽЦһֻ֮ɫ
ԱߣһħҲԹۡ
Щ˽棬ͬͥɢεġ
Щһɶ񣡡
ԶҶʥǿһħӵ䳰ȷнޱȷŭ
Ҷ죡
Ҷ֣
ܿ죬ҶյϢ˺ն
ĿһɨԶħˣҶһ䡣
Ҷ죡
Ҷ쵽ħ˶ĿͶ˹еĺ߷塢ǿͫһмɵ֮ɫ
ǰǶҶʵЩģϴҶһսȴǿԼҶľ޴ࡣ
ǶеţٮٮߣҶȴѾ߿ˡ
־޴Ĳ࣬вʣܾͷѹš

ӭħһȺ˵Ŀ⣬Ҷȵϯ˷ƺƵ𶯡
ħһȺ˶ʱɫѿ
Ҷ죬㲻Ҫ̫ţˡ̷ɽҧгݵŭȵ
Ҷ۾һɣֱӳڲ̷ɽǰһȭ
䣡ɫĹâޱȴۣҶȭͷų嫵ԶǿϢⷽ
̷ɽȻû뵽Ҷٶô죬ȻСҶյգӦͱҶһȭɱ
Ҷ죡Ա߲Զħĵһź߷ŭˣɫؿȵֻսġ
ߣҶһûٷϻֱӻӶɫȭͷһħɱǽ߶˼£µĽɫȭգ·һɫգҲ֮ϣſֲܡ
ȣ

һħӷ׷׳ӭǶֻǷʵҶ̫ħĵһź߷壬ҲסҶһȭ֮ɱĸɸɾ
Ҷɱħ֮󣬽ĿͶԶ;
ҶɱӣĵһӰһæҶ죬㲢޶⣬̫ϳϷˣֻҪǾ㵲סռ塣
ûȤҶ쵭˵
Ҷ죬úÿ£㲻ΪԼҲҪΪ룬ĴʱΪ㳨ӰҶ˵
ʱĵһ̩̹һҲˣҶңңЦҶɱúãҿȺħļһͲˬˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦһﵹֱӣҲµħ
Ҷ֣ԯ̫ϳѾˣǾ仰ֻҪԸ⣬ʱԼǾ졣̩̹һ˵
Ҷ첻÷ص˵ͷ
Ӱ̩̹һ˵֮ʹԶȥԵͣ£ҴФﲼ󷨡
ʵϣФﲼõѾˡ
ͬʱռսҲ½½棬εǳĺ֮ը죬ڡ
Ҷ죬һᣬҿĹ顣δ
һսҶȵûжķϻֱս
Ҷһ֮ȫ־վգһս졣


һǧŰپʮ ý֮
һս
ҶĻǳ̣ȴ˺սһɡ
ԶӰ̩̹һ˶ǳ𺳣λߣǿռ壬Ҷ治ɫ۷
һ콾Ҳ̩̹һλĵһţһ򶼲˭ȴ˵
ԱߵӰҲ˵ͷ˵Ժˡ
󣬾졢ţҲ¶֮ɫٿԺҶˣǶԵظе
¡¡
ԶձըһҾ޴սʻռĴ
ͷһҾ޴սϣѪβսǵϢѾѹƵ𾳽磬ߵƣעĿ
Ҷ죬Ϊڻоܹ𣿡ңңҶ죬ɱʹ죬ڿҶ죬ϴˢԼĳˡ
Ҷ俴ϻ˵Ҫսս
־ѪҶĿЩ͡
޴ˣһӶƣ´Ҷһɱ
¡¡
ͣ
ձ˷ܲ棬סռĴ
μ״۾һУ漴ЦֵǣѵΪûʦ𣿡
һ䣬һЩռʦǰʼ
ȻûЩ󷨾ѾˣһֲĹ۳ɺռĴû
һЩռʦ׷ײһռеЩ򵥵ɱֻ֮
˵꣬Ҳ󷨸ɱˡ
ɫʱѿ
ԱߵѪǿʧܴ󣬲˳棬ǣƵԼ
ҡͷǲѵҪһֱ𣿾ǿ󣬷࣬ʵǿ󣬺Ҳܹǡ
ѪԲ÷αϾһλߣȻʵҲò˶ԷӣδĶһЩͼ֮ʧܶҲں
ɱ
Ѿ˳ˡ
֮У󷨣Ҷʥа֮ӡŷ۾ǶŴ󷨣֮ɱĵˡ
飬Ȼͬ𡱾磬ҽ˵һЩϾǶһЩ֮ѹƵ𾳽磬Ҳܷӳǿսվ𣬱˴˵ĲҲޡ
󷨵ֲ֮£˫ʵ࣬ռһ˿Ϸ磬ɱҽܡ
ҳ壡ɫǳѿϵŭ
ͬʱҶߵɫҲѿνɱһǧ˰٣ȻռϷ磬ʧҲܴ
ŷ۾żҶ죬ȥаʧ̫ˣռǱߵٶ࣬ҽиںôһһܳʱָܻ
ףҶ˵ͷ漴һϷֳӰһħΣһħѪгЩռġ
Ҷڳˡ
Ҷ죬ãķҵҪ㻹жٷɡοǰҶ죬ɱȣЯſֲܺɱ
һ棡
һ棡

ʱҶı壬İ˾ħȫʩչһ棬嫵γɿֲѹֲս
һ̣⣬ռһ˶ѹΪһʵ
ʲôμ״֮ɫ
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Ǻǣ
ҶԻղԪЦС飬ѵЩ߿ƴᣬǿߣ̲סġ
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˵ղԪöЩĽͼʵؿҶ죬һʲôãҲóĽִǷǳģȻҲķѾ޴ΪɳɲҪ˼Ұ
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Ŷ˸㣬ѵܴ󣡡ղԪÿżҶ죬Ц˵»֪ѵҪ֪ѵĵɻĹһǶɣĹǽΣ걻նɱһ䵽ǴԺ󱻻Ľִá
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ҶԵһĹǿߣǰҽĳ۱һĹڶɵѡ
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΢΢գҶʱĿ͸žâռ壬ΪҶ𣿿ǸҪһЩѵˡ

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ãҧҧɱõԺǿѾ·ˣվͻִ


һǧŰپʮ ӭս
壬û뵽ϣһ̤߾硣Ҳãػ棬Ҳ԰ˡ
ȶ棬ҶЦݡ
ܹô߾磬Ҷһ˴Ե
Ҷ첢ûмʣֻΪеˣͬʱЩɣϾʵǿˣҲкô
ʵټΪһԱҲû˸ַˡ
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ڴʱдѶϢ
Ҷ¼һȴǾȵط֣Ǿ̫ϳԯմѶϢ
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ȻҶ첢ڰԺÿ˶ԼĻԵǿġ
ˣҶСѣǾǿѾǰ·ˣԺܵǾıӻ˭Ҳ޷ַǾΪСԯٶȴһϢ
ҶԴ˲֣ôΪ߾磬һ߻þôڶԿռ塣
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Ҷ콫Ϣŷ۾ˣ˶Ǿϲѡ
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ŷ۾ɫصҶ죬֪ٶ඼ûãȴǲҵĶˡ
ǰףҪСģߣڣǲҰôġҶʥҲ˵
ҶһЦҪߣ֮ǰøһݺݵؽѵ
˵գҶһ̤գ֮⡣
ŷ۾ǽһ㶡
ססҶʥżҳȥֻ÷ֳһȥϾʵ̫ȥֻҶۡ
Ҷô᣿ѵ֪ռ𣿡һԵа֮Ҳе˵
ŷ۾ͽܲûյ飬ҶԳȥ϶֣ǳȥ˵
£Ҳֳһ뿪档
ʱ治Զһռսڻ֮С
ռ嵽֮ӴԶϴΣҳѪ֮⣬ռһߣҺѪһеߡ
һߣռ֮ˣһɫ֮УݣȴɢߵĲ
ѣ鷳ˡѪսϣǰİЦ
΢΢Ȼ츳Ȼߣվһѡջñ䡷ʮĲ㣬Ѿѡջñ䡷˵ʮ㡣
ͬǡջñ䡷һʮĲ㣬һʮ㣬ӮˡδЦ
ѪҲЦŴһӣߣǽ档
ÿˣѾյϢǿڸ·ϣҪӻ档ɫص
Ҳɫصص˵ͷ˵ҲյϢˣû뵽һҶ춼ҪţȻһϵĽΪ״ӣԾŻ֡
Զˮⲻ˽ʣֻҪڴ֮ǰնɱҶ죬ѵ˸ҽ翪ս𣿺ߣѪߵ
˳ս׼档
ڴʱǰһϤӰҶ
ţ
Ѫһ㶣ƺû뵽Ҷҳǰ
ڻ֮УûлѹƣǿɶǱߵǿʵ
ҪˡҶգŶһռǿߡ
δһֱӳҶ죺Ҷ죬·㲻ߣ㴳Լ
¡¡
ѪҶߣѾ߶ѹա
ߺռһеҲ˳ҶΧס


һǧŰپʮ ɨ
һĸΧĽҽ磬磬ҲֻҶˡ
Ѫ߶ѹգضҶ··
ߺռһλڲԶ
ȹҶ죬ǿϢһɣֲڻ֮˳õ޺е߶𶯡
һ棡
Ҷιɫ˿壬һӴΪϯȥΡѪȫڡ
һ˲䣬ӴѹѪ˷׷ɫ䡣
ý磿ʵôǻý磿ջñ䡷У߸ܵԼʵΪѹɣʱɫһ䣬κˡ
У
Ҷһͣ漴ŭЦΪͬã
˵գֱƴģ
Ȼ֪Լⷽһ֣ɱҶ죬ΪҶĳ裬ҪնɱҶ졣
ҲѪûϳԭҲ֪ε԰նɱҶĻύΡ
ϧעҪˡ
ֻ֮УҶ쿴ٴģǳһĨЦݣɱͬ𣿡
һ䣬Ҷ֣һӴĽɫʬǰ
ʬǳӴ󣬲ɢžĿֲѹòԶѪ˶е
۷弶ѹѪһ
ȴ۾һɣֱ㶵ضǰĽɫ޴ʬ壬ͫ⡭Ժġ
û˵꣬ҶѾһƬâ߾޴Ľɫʬ֮С
ƺ뵽ʲôʱɫ䣬ֹҪʬ塭
Ѿˡ
ҶѾһʱɫʬ壬ǿ̶ȣʬ֮ڷԼԲٿʬˣĲٿء
ǿ
֮ܵصľ޴Ҷ۾һ
ͬϴμԦʬ壬ʱ껹С֮־ֵס
Ҷ꾭ɱ䣬Ѿﵽһֲĳ̶ȣɵֵ֮в־ˡ
䣡
Ҷ쳢תɫԴϯͬҫ۵Ľɫգâ۶Ŀա
ԭҶֻ˵ʮĲġͨ壬ȴ߶˵ʮ˲Բ
á
ܵҶϴĿֲܣƤֱӿΣ
ȻѾˡ
ҶĿתΣһֻɫȭͷѾƻգͷϿ
βҺ߾ȫֵȴס
ɫȭͷݿһε壬궼ˣԷһƬûзŹ
¡¡
Ƭشʱڿ񱩣ģĻܲסһȭҶɻƣֲòԶѪľ
һߣǰǸеһ
ߣǲĶ֡
ѪȻзŭǴ
䣡
һֻ޴ĽɫƳѪϿգݺݵزڽ£ӣһѹƣٶȼ࣬Ӳ
ȥ
Ѫ߶Ҷײȥ
䣡ҶֻǺһȭֱҵɳȥǿֲȭѪ塣
ҪӲӲԶߵľǰԺ۷ߣѾ˵ʮ˲Բ磬۷弶׻
ѪԶ壬𾪡
ŶԺϤţϤĸо⡭ǡջñ䡷Ϣ
ҶתͷĿߣɫﷺɱ⡣
߷·̫ž޶ţ䣬Ҳ˵ֱӾԶ
ǻõԺѹռٴξԭǹǡһȺͽұԺŻ
ҶȻ˻ɱ˵Ѫһ׷ϰߣ顣
㲻ɱңǶǴԺˣһǴԺĸԺɱҾʦ档߸޷Ҷ죬Ĵ
䣡ӭҶĮһȭɫڻ֮ţɰĻᣬ˾·
֪ǴԺˣϧѾˡҶЦ
֮Ҷתһ׷Ѫλʣռߡ
Ҷյճ̶ȣٶԶѪԷӲ
ڴʱһ޴Ľɫʸ˺棬ƻգҶ졣
䣡ҶܵɿµķâæӶȭͷֵײһ𣬱һֲĳ
ˣ
Ҷ춼˼ɼĿֲܡ
ŲԶҶ쿴һߴӰֳֻƽ񹭣Ѫǰ


һǧŰپʮ Ԯ
һռǿߣ
Զֳֻƽ񹭣վѪǰǿߣҶɫռĿ£߲һһ¡
ǰ֮ˣһλߵȵߡ
Ҷ첢£ͨղŵܹ̽ܵԼڵһλߵ߲٣Լһ̬ļܣԼڶԵʱռĪˡ
棡
ݼ棡
Ѫλռ߶ֳֻƽ񹭵ǿ߹Ƕɫͬ󱲰ݼ
λ桱˰֣ĿŲԶҶ죬ޱȵأΪֻһֻСϣȴӵֶΣĲԩ
ΪαѩޣѪҧгݵ˵
ʵǿɱλ桱ҡҡͷѪҪʱ˵ҿסȽ棬飬ͷ
һ˲䣬Ѫһλռ۾һ
ԶҶҲǵ̸ʱüͷһŭôҲһλߵߣȻֱֶΣҲռΪЦ
ǡ桱һЦ첻ɱ㣬ռŻΪЦҪЩϣ͹Թɱɡ
ѪλռѾˡ
վס
ҶתգѪǰһȭ
䣡
һɫľ޴ʸסҶȭâ
λ桱߶Ѫѹգͬʱ乭Ҷ죬Ҷǣסˡ

ҶŭХ߶˼£ɫ屬ǰδеһ棬ݺݵɱ桱
¡¡
ǡ桱ģ俪һ棬ưĻѹҶ춼е˾޴ѹ·򡢵ƽлʩչ
Ϊһߵߣ桱ģĻӵĿ¡
ΪӵиߵߵԸߵ̫ˣǡ桱Ц
ҶûлػΪڱѹƵġ
ڲԶѪλռѾˡ
䣡䣡䣡
ȻһֲϢӻ֮кƵҶͶġ桱Ϊ֮ɫ䡣
ֻǰʮӰӻ֮еߣеӣһɢǿϢмϢҶǰġ桱Ҫ¡
ԯǰҶ쿴һϤӰʱ¶ϲ֮ɫ
Ϊԯա
ʣʮǿߣԾ졣
棬桱Ҳ³ʮ˵ݣɫʱѿˡ
ѪλռѾҽˣǰʮߵϢ̫ǿˣһеߣüߵߣһ۷ߡ
Ǿʲô˼Ѫ˺ǡ桱ʵ
ԯߵ⻰ӦʵģǺҶʲôԹǾ첻ܣǾˣҲǾ죬ַ棬ҪǾ쿪ս𣿡
Ѫԣɫʱˡ

ԶҶһĻʱĵشЦ
ЦѪ˵ɫѿˡ
ռ壬Ҷסˣ̤ǿߺ󣬻ȥݷռ塣ҶЦ֮󣬶һݻֱ뿪
о˱Ҷ첻ٵİȫ
ɶ񣡡
ҶĻѪսȭͷҧгݡ
ǡ桱ߵе츳ѣΪߣǿߣߡ
ˣ֪ΪΣйɲõԤУ·һηߵҶ죬һξֵ鷳ˡ
ߣǡ桱ٶ룬һռȥ
桭ѪЩĵظȥ֪ռζˣôǿκβҶ죬Ҷ췴ɱһߣֱǳ衣
˭뵽ҶȻһôʬ塣
ݣ
ߺҶһ¶ǰ
ǰԯյȾǿߣҶ칪˷лλǰ
Щǿ߶ЦŰ˰֡
ԯЦǺǵҶСѣû뵽ﻹһĵƣǴ۽簡
ҶԿЦԺǰڻսãúðᣬȴ뷢ҽֵ飬ڶҪλǰʬе
ԺţΪԺǰλѼţҲġԯչЦ
Ҷ΢΢ЦѾȥ֮ҸطλǰԲʬˡ


һǧŰپʮ 
ԯǺܿˣϾǲܳʱפȻѾˣôռͲ棬ϾһҪĺ;쿪սˡ
ռȻǿ󣬵Ǿ챳磬ҽЩǿɲΪһռ磬òʧ
Ҫ֪֮ǿΪ粻ֹһλ磬ɰٴ˭Ҳ֪˶λ͹ħ嶼ҵ磬˵ֻһλҽˡ
ԯ֮Ҷ棬ŷ۾ǡ
ҶǺúûҪòҪ뿪棬Ȼռ岻棬ŷ۾ǳȥѱᱻץסӶ
ҶǼȴ˵
ҪĲϣֱϵ̻Ṻǻͻŵġ
һУҶŰ뿪

ĳ
Ҷ˸ƫƧĵطǾ߽ɫʬᣬҲ󷨣ֹ˷֡
ǰȻʶȴȣǰ֮ΪҶ칧ؿ˼ͷ

ĳ棬һ¥İС
ҶѾȺ˵ղԪá
Ҷ죬СӹȻûʧĵղԪÿҶ죬ʱЦҶһѵ
䣡
Ҷסɫֻоһֱ϶¶յѵء
̤߾ͺˡղԪЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ѵ
ˣѵ㻹ûиءղԪúʵ
Ҷ룬漴˵ͽϣ֮ɣ
ϣ֮аϣ֮Ϊ˰֮ͳΣһ˿ϣ
ҶϣѵܹԼվ߽۷壬Ϊǰ
ϣ֮ţ֡ղԪҲûж룬ҲֻһŶѣڴĻѵˡ
ŶҶ죬ղԪгͣΪǴİռǶˣ붼˷ܡ
Ѱ裬ֻóȫǡҶǺЦ
ˣ˵㵱ʱֹɱһռߣɱһİߣղԪúȻʵ
һ뵽ǸߣҶʱɫһߵǺİʹõǡջñ䡷϶ǻõԺˡ
ȻһȺļһղԪŭ֮ɫ漴˵ɱúã
ˣȺһղԪÿҶ죬ʵʲô㣿
ҶڻĽһʱ䣬ȥ磬֪ûĵ·
ʵȫԼ죬ǲġղԪ̾
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ԺûиңҲḺԺȻԺѾɢˣǴԺӡ
˵úãղԪο֮ɫ
ȥĵ·ղԪ˼Ƭ̣һ·ǺΣգҲϣ·
ŶҶ۾һæ˵ԺҲΣգҵı֪һ㣬۱ұһЩ߻Ҫ
ղԪÿЦŵͷҵȻ֪㱣ȻҲҸ·
˵գղԪúȻʵ˽𣿡
Ҷһ㶣漴˵֮һ˵Ѻ׼ķˣҽ绹ҪΣա
ղԪõ˵ͷ˵֪Щʲôط
Ľ磿ҽ磿磿Ҷҡҡͷ磬ֻ˵˽⡣
ղԪ΢΢ЦЩʵ磬ǻĽҽĺ١͹ħ壬ڲһЩˣΪͬ壬ôǣ㽫Ƿ𡣻磬һЩĵӣҲᱻ硣ˣ硢硢ħ綼Կһ·ͨ硣
Ҷ۾һ˵ֻҪҽ磬ҵ磿
ûһȺ˵ڵأûκεֻǿʳѪ򣬷ǳĻңȫοΪֹ˷أڸԵͨ򣬲ôͨġղԪ˵
Ҷȴǲ⣬˵һᣬҾһԡ
ðɣ֪Ȱ㣬ǰڣԼСĵ㡣ղԪͨ緢ҶһϢһŵͼ
Ҷ˽֮󣬱ղԪãȥ
Ƭ֮һϤӰղԪԱߣĿҶԶȥǴԺԺ
ԺϾֻһͲ𣿡ղԪ̲סʵ
Ժ˵ĽִģҲģҲܹˡ
ղԪ𾪣û뵽ԺҶڴôߣȻҶĽִߺͻ


2000 뿪
Ҷ֣ĲǼԯѾϢһԪǾҪǰ磬ԯ˵ˣֻҪ죬ܹһǰ硣
֮Уŷ޻ڸҶ촫Ϣ
ʱҶղԪ֮ڻĳ
ϣ֮ҶǰڽԼռѵ֮ڣһڵ֮¶Ȼȥ
ռȫϣ֮ڲҶ콥ظоѵԼѪϵ·ΪԼһ֣ܹԼֽһʹ
ּʽѪ֮һ˻ʹַʽΪһʹַʽ֮ôݻٺҲ˵ˡ
ԣرǿȻû˻ѡַʽ
ǣһ˵Ϊڲϵڶ˵ǿ󣬵ǵ㵽߲Σ׻ʲôԣѪ֮
ǰҶҲûʹַʽϣ֮һһɳ͵׻ܹҶΪɳµҶ̤ζʹãԳΪҶǿȻҪõķʽѵѪ֮õѡ

ڳɹˣ
ãҶ컺վеϣ֮ҲǳһĨЦݣķʱ䣬ڽѵɹˡ
ڹռ֮ϣ֮Ѿ֮ǰǿ౶ٱеļ׻ǿࡣ
ڵʵʹð˲ħľžŹһ֮޷ѵϣ֮ġ
ŷ֣ϲˣǵһظԯǰ˵Ҷĳл̧˸־ǲġ
Ҷ鿴һ»еѶϢ漴ظŷ޻ڡ
ðɣ֮Ϊ֮ŷ޻ڿٻѶƺЩźͬʱЩңΪҶûкһǰ磬ҲһγԽҶĺûᡣ
ŷ޻ȻҶ죬ΪյĴԺһţɲľҶ˦ΪˣŰ죬ȡǰĻᡣ
ˣ
Ѿһ̤߾磬ҿɲ̫ࡣ
Ҷ̧ͷԶ漴̤գʧڻ
ղԪøԼĵͼҶ쳯ڶȥ
;УҶͨ紫ѶԼ˺ѣԼҪǰ磬ǲҪΪϵԼġ
˺Ҷ쳹׹رջ磬ٸ·
ڷǳƫƧҶܹգúüŲƲִܵ
Ҷϸ鿴һµͼںҽ缸һˣ˵ҽڻĽ籱ߣôڻĽϱߡ
λһûĻϣȴһ޴֣Ҷʵ޷ʱ˵ʵѹƵˡˡزַܹе
ÿµ󷨣ǻõģҶԼѹƺΪɵ𾪣Ǹ̾ѡ
Ҷ۲죬Լڵʵ൱Σ⻹괳ʮ˹ʱΪû뵽ھȻһΡ
ղԪøϢ򣬰󷨶ǻŪģΪıǷ磬˽ĽĻᡣ
Ϊе˶ǳа񣬷ϻһȺ뷸˱һֻ꣬аǽĽ磬ǾǻĽѡ
Ϊ˻ԶַӡڣҲ󷨣ֻĽ˽磬ȴ˳һͨ
ԻԲõ󷨣ͬǽδܹƿԣô˶ΪĽ硣
Ľ磬´λ֪ʲôʱˡ
ִǰҶһĻգһĿᶨؽڣʧһƬڰ֮С
ֻҶ첻֪̤ϵϱһѺۣȻСȴʵڡ
˺
飬Ӱڻ֮Уǰ
Ҷڴˣͻ𾪵ϳǻĽִߺʹԺԺ
СѾˣ⡭ǡôܣԺͻȻɴ۾ŵؿǰӴһŵѺۣԼ۾Բῴ
ûп֧Ų˶ʱˡһԻĽִ߳
ԺǻԲõ󷨣һȫõ󷨣磬֮⣬ħ۸Ҳƻӡ󷨣ôܻᱻٵ
ⲻΪģ
Ľִ˵ĿЩ䣬͸صĹâҵԤûдΨһıٵˡ
Ժԣ˶ʱӲͬУš
߽ƽģһ类ݻ٣ôʣͻںϣֱȫ硣Ѿоõ͹ħѾںˣǻĽѾҽںϣһںϣ󡭡ںϡ硣
ĽִߵĻԺ˴


2001 
ͬҽһ޴Ĵ½ͻĽһһƬ嫵ĻգֻޱߵɷԹɫԹɫɷһ壬磬õƬЩǳѹֵϢ
𣿡
һƬ򡣡
ҶɫصشܵЩأǸܵΧޱߵԹŭĳ嶯
ɷγΪɱ¾Ƿ˵ľۼأЩ˿ɲǰȵɱ¾Ǻ飬ܹôɷҶ֮С
ЩԹȴҶͷء
Թôγɵģ
Ҷ֮УֻûгķˣһЩߣڱɱʱ򣬲ŻᵮԹ
ֻʲôɱܵŨԹ
Ȼܲ硣
֪ж󣿿Ľ֪ˣֻռټĽĲ׺һڡ
Ӵ磬ҪôԹôҶ˽⣬ÿɱһУһɱԪòпᡣ
ֱһƬ
Ҷҧգ뿪˵ء
ԼϢһ˿һɢϾ֪Щǿߡ
ղԪȻ֪磬ϾͻĽϾϵ£˭Ҳ֪֮гʲôǿߡ
ǿߵĻôҶҪСĽˡ
һҶԿ϶ǾûнĴڡ
֮ԽΪǵʵԽǿߣΪһܹ֮λ档нĻôҶ̤һ˲䣬ԷѾ֪ˡ
Ҷ컹úõģ˵ûнȻҲпλûҶ죬ֿ̫СˣϾҶԻĽ磬нĻ϶ץסҶ̽ѰĽϢ
ȻûнǿߵĿԺּܴǿߣҶ¿գԷ
ҶȫϢǳ͵硣
ʱҶħ塷ĺô¶ˣת˶ʱħɭȻӣǳϣû˻뵽ԻĽ硣
ףǰһ档
ҶȻӻ֮˳ǰһ棬һһ棬Ȼһλ
Ҷ粢Ϥýȥץʡ
Ҷû˿ԥ档
ֻǵҶʱ򣬲㱻ŨʵʻԹŴ涼ɷԹࡣ
Ҷ̲סų̽Ƭ򣬽ɫ䡣
⡭ֱһ
һſЩǶľػţÿһﵽһ֮󣬾ͻרŵĹɱųɵ飬ʣµһɣǼϢ˳ٲֹ
Щ֣ȴʩչһаĹЩɢԹԼΪ
ÿһһλǵΪ鼶𣬶һƬף𼶱
ڣһЩ֮ڣǸ߸ϣӲ
Ҷ̽ʱ֮ǶҶ졣
ʱЩ֮ɫһ䣬һǹҶǰҲعҶǰиߺݼˣ
ͨҶǿǷǳǰһλǿǿԵжԵģǲô;¡
ĹǳпᣬʵԶǵĴڣǲһ˿һķ
ҶضǰһȺ֮žɱ⣬ɱȺаĹ֣֪ûãɱЩ֣ò˶ãͻһ֣綼пĹ򣬳飬ȲЩˡ
ҲҶʵǿԺɨ磬ܶµĹ򣬵Ȼûʵ
ԣҶֻһ̾εҡҡͷ
㣬
ΣҶץסһʵǿ֮ǰһŻ
¡ҶͷųԼգȻǰڵϲ֮ʵǿЩ
ʻͬʱҶչý磬ǰ֮޾Ļþ֮УҶشҶһ⡣
ֱֻššħšźͻţŵĴʼ߶ķˣŵĴʼԹ磬ħԹħ磬ҽ磬ԻĽ硣
Ϸ磬жԣսݡ
ÿһһǿߴڡ
ħ¡

֮Ҷ콥˽п硣
ʵҪǿĶ࣬ûнĴڣǿ澹ȻԶҽͻĽ磬½ˡ


2002 
ֲǺܼ򵥣ΪλǿߣֻֻܳͻᱻɱϾӵùǿߵ׷ɱ
Ҷͷ۵ǣͨͨеšźħŰѳţλܲǿҶʵܳС
ңͨͨ϶ƣϾ粻ǰ硣
Ҫǰ磬ҪѵĶࡣ
Ҷվػ˻֣ɱǰý֮е֮Ȼһ̤뿪棬ʧڻ
Ҷһ߼磬һ˼
ͨڣҪֻѡ֮һ
ҶʹųȾų磬Ȼȥ磬ĿĵҲ硣ͨ۲󷨣۵ʵͻһĪ⣬õֻ磬˽硣ԣֻͨǵֱͨӱҶųˡ
ʣµıǹ͹ħͨˡ
ҶЩҵǣͨǿǰ͹ħģûб͹ħǿ߷ͨڲ࿼飬ҪͨҲܣܶٴͨʱ˿֮¡
ңҶõϢͨ˿飬˹͹ħ磬ҲᱻĿ߸ħսΪڻңֻлŴħսϴˢӵµݣΪһ
ħսǹ͹ħı߾൱ĽҽĽ紦ǹ͹ħ彻սĵط
뿴㾭һͨͨĿ󣬽Ҫȥڻң㻹ȥͨ
磬˻ȥͨƴħսڻңڡ
ңҪͨ㻹ȡźħŵϿɣϾǿͨڡ
ţ
ãҶ쿼ѡŵͨ
ħ̫ΣˣҶǵһλħĽڽħʱ䷢ˣǾֻ·һˡ
෴ҶȻܾûе磬һСı¶ݣҲδػܵΣա
գҶѡܲķŲƶȥ
Ҫ磬һȻţõŸ߲ϿɲС

սϣźħŵĽӲңϾǵĴʼ֮ǰУǴҲǻս¡
ΪӮս֣ɰٴͶκߡ

һƯڻ֮еľ޴½أŵܲ
ҶԼõϢŵš
˵طǳ֣Ҷ֮⣬кѹѹһȺҪţмʮ
ߣ
֮ҶһȺһλ뿪
úһУڴϷһλߣɢǿѹ
ҶЩһͷɫ;¡
ӭǼţҽ˼ǵѡǳȷΪǿϷ˼ޱȺ
˼˵Ŵʿսͳ𣬼ǶرսְλڴΪ
䣬˼˻֣ʮöռָҶͣǰ
ǵƣзΣԼණ档סǻȥ֮ȼƣϢעᣬȻеġʮ˷ħ֡žѧ֮˵ıѧ˭Ҳ⡣
˼˵գһӣҶ˱оһתһѾڹ档
λսҴȥס֮ǰ˵λҶȥס
Ҷǵסǳ򵥣ֻһªʯݣÿһ
ʯҶó˼Ŀռָ̽мƷ
һɫƣҶǳ򵥾ͽˡ
һսķαҶ촩ϡ
ڡʮ˷ħ֡žѧҶֱˣϾžѧˡ
⻹һʮԭʯŻǸа
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷֵĶû˿ôҲΪЩƣʼ鿴мصϢ
֮мŵϢνͨͨ
Ҷ쿴һѾһС
Ҫͨһս㣬ս˵һרŵĻңֻͨɱжԱá
ɱһԻһս㣬ɱһ֮Իʮһٸս㣬ɱһԻһǧһս㣬ɱһ߿Իһǧһս㡣
ЩսܲһƷԭʯ͸ֵȼԼĵر
ͨĻᣬҪһսܶһ


2003 
һս㡭Щడѡɱôɱ۷ǿߣҲɱһһս㣬ƺЩʵϾܹҵһ۷ǿ߸ɱһɱһЩȵߡ
Ҷƣ΢΢Ƭ̡
ɱõս̫ˣ֪Ҫȵ²ܳɹչһս㣬Ҷûȴôá
ɱ߾Ͳһˣȵ߶һǧ׵㣬ɱʮ͹ˡ
ȻҲһǿߣôɱġңһþͻǿߵע⣬ʱҶˡ
Ҷ˼һջǾɱΪȻŻɱϼߣҪע⡣

һҶαװɡʮ˷ħ֡ǰȥݼֱͳ˼
ͳ죬Ѿɡʮ˷ħ֡ˡҶ˼һ漴һֻƣ¶һɫĺۼ
ʮ˷ħ֡ÿɹһ㣬ĶһɫۼҶǰ˵߲㣬ֻǺòħʬ壬޷
˷ǰҶصۼαװɸոɡʮ˷ħ֡ӡ
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˼Ҷĵĺɫۼһ˿ȣ漴Ц͵ܹܵʵǿ֮Ҳ۷壬û뵽ڡʮ˷ħ֡츳ôߣһ˵һ㣬ֱǹսʿ
ͳˡҶǫ
ΪԺҪȥͨҶû׼ʵ츳Ͼȡս㣬˷ֵġ˻ɣ¶
Ǻǣҿɲ׿ˣ˼΢΢һЦ漴óһŵͼָеĳطҶãǵطһԭʯΪϢй¶Ѿħŵ֪ˣħſ϶˹ȥᣬȥסԭʯ˳ɱħ֮ˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ʵͳ죬᲻
˼΢΢мΪҶ쵨СɵúߵĺˣԭʯǺܴħŲ˳ߵġ˳һܣʵԼģش棬ܳߣϾƴɱͬھ
Ҷ˼ص˵ͷ漴ȥ
˼ҶıӰмƳЦʵ츳ҲУϧ̫Сˣηηβѹֱ۷徳硣
ȴ֪ҶϣħɳߣͿԻɱԷս㡣
Ȼ˼֪ҶҪɱߣ»ЦĶۣϾܹԽɱе̫ˣţҲ䵽

ĳء
ҶյͼϵıǣϵǴ·ֵĻԭʯһ;޴ʯһЩҪӴ˭뵽лԭʯ
˭
ҶոսٶʯӰħŵˣһһŮ
ҶĿһɨ㷢һǳһǾŽ֮ŮıĺܺãŽ·ճǰ͹̣ɢ˵ϢԵһͷɫ̷ģֻͨĿЩưҲ֪ʲôȻŴҶ졣
Ŷԭŵˣ˼Ҳ̫ˣȻֻǲһսɫ̷ĿưؿҶ죬漴üͷ
ҶҲͬüͷǰİɫ̷ӣЩ֣ȼɭϣԷһŽ֮ѣȻôԼ˵ߵȻûֹ
ˣүȻͳǲλսǿ϶˼ʱλŮ˵ˣŪ׸ҶһۣЦʵСܵܣû뵽Ҳս֪ʲô֣ˣūҽ£Խū½㡣
һԵİү״۾ʱݺݵҶһۣĿдžζ
Ҷ쵭һЦвмһˣ˷ǰΪԼΪ¶ڣԶ˲ô󵨡
ҽҶ죡漴ҶջؿүĿ⣬µͷսǿԼǵڿħǰһḺɱ
ԲѣүҶĻһм֮ɫΪ˭һڶѣħһɱ㣬ƾ㻹뱣ǡ
˵գүתͷ˵¶Ͻϵ˼壬˼ǰ
ЦҲλСܵز¶أȻͳ϶д㣬ͳͺá˵գүһĪ
үµиո˵Ļʱֹסˡ
û˵ҶȴˣֻؿŰүʲôһŽ֮ҲǰĲͷ𣿡
ҶƢǺãûһҲܴԼͷʺ
ϣƢͦү۾Ҷ죬ɭɱ⣺¼ŵİɣҶʶѹָǰôš


2004 ʧ
ү˵꣬߸ߵͷҶ죬ߵ㣬ҵǰͳ죬һһٵͳ죬ĻϽҹ¿ͷүãͷһ

ҶڿǰİүоԼˣһһ֮𣿾ȻôֱƴһȶûУôŽ֮ģ
˶ԷĻҶһΪʲôôˣиǿİְְ
˵ףǵƴ
Ҷпһ£漴תͷ˵ûĺ͵̰ɣȥϢˣħŵҡ
˵գҶֱ˶ŭĿӵİүȥҸطȥˡ
վס
ˣһҪɱ㡣
үҶӳ׼ŭˣŭҪȥȴסˡ
ſңүͷº
ЦүֻһŽ֮ڳȥֻǱѡ
үʱһͣΪ֪˵ûֻ֮ǰû⡣
Ҫ֪¶Լϵ֮󣬲ܶԷʲôȼùԹǰͷһЩ߼ͳ죬ͿԣЩԼΪԼϵڣ˭ò壬ȴû뵽Ҷв
ǣүҲˣҶıӰԹ֮ɫСӣΪԼ˲𰡣ߣţھҵ㣬Ҫǰͷ
һԵЦүѵںħŵһλͳ쿪սʱڲ
үԣɫʱЩܻغߵСӻ죬ҵڳ
˵գΪ˻ԼΣүתƻʵ¶ղΪֹ˼廻ˣ
»˻֣ԼͰү߽һ֣磬ŵүǵļƻҪ͵͵ȡһֻԭʯͳ컻һλǿսǻƤж෴ҶСܵܲڣ͵͵жǲֵᷢġ
үԻȻ漴ߵ㱻ΣҲðŵϵķվٱҡ
ԿүĿ֮һƳ漴ͱЦȡЦô˵Ǳյãħſ϶˹ᣬʱǰ棬ý赶ɱˡ
ү۾һ漴Щĵ˵ħŵϣǱˡ

ʯϣҶ̧ͷ΢΢Ƴһڽ̸İү£ǳһĨмЦᣬںռ
ֻҶסˣΪºͰүƤ͵ڵĻԭʯΪ֪ȴ֪Լ͹ҶΪ
˼ŵĶҲȡһսӦûӣǰүıŸôҶɫ
ʵµģºͰү̫ˣ͵Եٶȣԭʯ֮һĻԭʯǵ
ôһն˼᲻֪𣿵ʱ򣬰үϵıڣû˸ҵ˼»ỳɵҶͷϣϾǴ˵ʵǿ֮ˡ
Ҷ첢ûдݾߣ͵͵ֳһħӰʯڰнºͰү͵ԵΪ¼֤ݣ׼ȥ󽻸˼

һȥҶ֮⣬ڰɳռ͵Իԭʯ֤ݡ
ֱ죬ԶһɹǿϢ˰Ҷߵע⡣
һڵߣڵߣҶֻ΢Ӧһ£֪˵׼ȷΪЩµߣֱӱˡ
ͬʱϮľʯ洫
ºͰүҲ˹
ҶСܵܣħŵˣ׼սɡɨҶһۣ漴˵
ԶһҲֹͣڿһԴ
һԵİү̵ؿҶ죺㲻ǺȥȥɵЩħŵߡ
Ҷ΢΢Ƴ˰үһۣ漴תħ塷ħϯԱߵºͰүɳȥ
¡¡
һ̣ºͰү𾪵ĿУҶӶһֻƣŻħ趯Զѹȥ

Ƭ̣Զ㴫ҽ
Щħŵ߻ûеִʯͱҶɵһƻ
һУҶóƣѾ07000ˡ
üͷһ壬ЩصɱЩõս̫ˣЩͼɱôߣȻһս㶼ûС
Ҷʧû뵽ħôһ۷ǿ߶ûС
ȴûԶһѾľٶĿɿڴ


2005 
⡭⡭⡭
ԶĿɿڴؿҶ׾ٵɱһħߣʱľ𺳡
ԵİүҲɴ۾ţ¡¶˵ڣ
İղֻڷҶ죬ɲΪҶԳȺħߣû뵽ҶĳˣһôĴֱֱɱ
ʵЦĸӦ֮УȺħߵпһλڵǿߣɱҶɱҶʵôڣһҲδõп۷ǿߡ
Ҿ֪ͳ첻ɸипͬʱЩţ֪Լʱ͵ΪǷҶˡ
һǷˣ۷ǿߣҲùҧҶĿЩӡ
ԷԼ͵Ϊȴûֹʲô˼
ʵ˵ЩŪֲõԤС
ˣǼڿ󣡡
ҶȺħ֮Ʒ뿪ˡ
ΧߣһĿҶԶȥнǳ˾η
û뵽һôǿֻҪߣһа취Ūүڴ֮лָɫԹؿҶԶȥıӰҧ˵
µǵʵ϶Ƿǰнȡһֻԭʯˡ
ߣûϵûֹ˵ǼɵҸ׵ģҵҡү԰
ƿ׳һƳ˰үһۣɲΪҶ°үĸףȻĻ֮ǰڰү֮ҶӦúͰү£ϵˣֱӵү
ÿԼˣ鱩¶ˣүһչˣҿûıԼ㷢ĿתȻ۾Ҷסĵط

УҶڼԼղѹεƷֻǽЩʧЩħ߶ǳеҲûжмֵĶΨһмֵĿ¾ǼˣǶҶڵʵԣûһ˿һİֻҸȡԭʯˡ
Щһҽ硢Ľ̫ˣѵΪ̫ΣգǶԼõıȥȡʵ
Ҷ˼ֿԺܴ
ˣȻ⴫һ
ҶǸһĨЦǿȻ˵ݡ
ⲻµҶսū
֪Ҷʵ¿ɲٽҶСܵˣοҶͷϡ
ʵˣҪ
£
Ҷ˻֣Ŵ򿪣俴߽¡
Щһûٴսףǻһ͸˿ɳۣ۵Ľ֣޾ջ
ͬʱһ˫ˮĴ۾ɫתϣɢһɹǵ⣬ֱҶ죬ҧ촽Ҽ
Ҷսū֮ǰ۲ʶ̩ɽˡҶǰͷؿڴȴй¶һƬ⣬ջҶ졣
ҶЦ˵ͳˣһС£Ҷĳûмϡ
лҶսдūҡϲҶ£ȴû뵽Ҷħǿ˽⡣
¶ʱ̧ͷ㵵ؿҶ졣
ҶضףΪҪȻһ̫Զ
¶ʱɫ漴ЩǿЦҶսα˲飿˵ūҲҪȻ㣬ֻǵȼ۽ҸҪģ鲻𣿡
ȼ۽ҶƲƲ죬мؿ£ߵҶûһȤ
㡭´ŭҪɫɫҪΪΪϾﵽŮ˿ɲ࣬ﶼܵӭû뵽Ҷ춼Ҫ
֪⣡
Ҷŭ£˵Ƥ͵ԻԭʯʱͳҵùϾҿزỳ͵ԵġȻݺңҲˣѾӰʯ¼һУǵźͳͰɡ
㡭ӰʯʱͰ͵ؿҶ죬ҶսһΣ˻Щԭʯ
ڲ뵽ģ̫ˡҶǳһĨЦҪΪͰүĴҲ֪Ҫħ߰ңڻģ
ҧҧɭκβ㣬ǰүһŹġͳһλߵߣҪɱͳҲﲻ㡣
ڴ֮ǰҶ쵭˵
㡭ͫһ֪Ҷ˵ûҶ콫ʲôһӰʯ䵽ͳУ϶ǵһϾûаүı


2006 
ǰ£ҶЦЩ˶Ǵ֮ˣοԷ֮ǰҪ뺦Ȼ顣

һɢȻϢЩضҶ죬Ҷս˶ҲûкôαظҹȥҽеĻԭʯ㣬һ
ǵԭʯҲ⣬Ҳ˵ϵĵرˣҸղɱЩħߣϵĶɱֵǮˡҶԲм
ɫһϵĶ󲿷ֶȡԴźò̤ڣʣµһ㶫Ҳѹ벻Ҷ۾
Щ˵ǣҶȻûһھܾô˵»ϣ
뵽жȻһķӣĿЩԥؿҶ졣һ̾澵ӵݸҶ졣
ʲô㲻Ϊһ澵Ӿ㻻ȡһɣҶӹ澵ӣϸ鿴һ£ⶫֻһͨĻǺǿֻ⾵ƺһǺҲĳ
ЩؿҶһۣȵҶͳȻ쾵֪ˣŽ˰ɡ
̫ܵˣҶһۣ澵ֻһͨʲôô
Цһ쾵ȷûʲôôҶսܹ쾵ܺϳһ׻ˣ׻ǿԿס
򣡡Ҷ۾һȻ磬Ҳ֪Ĵ
ֹһλǿߣȻֻߣȴܴΪһλǿʧܵߣеߵжǿһǿʧܺò򣬽ԼĴкͱﶼֻڸǣǿ֣߳Ҳȥһǿ֣߳ô󷨾ͻԶĶըƬ
ˣһֱڣǱãΪһû˿̽ľ޴󱦲ء
˵ʵҶҲЩϾһλǿʧܵǿߣµı϶á
Ҳûа취ֻ̾
⾵ǿԿף
Ҷе쾵Щɵؿ£⾵ǿԿףǼֵʹˡ
Цֻм쾵Կףһ쾵ûáܹ㣬Ҷսţһ¾Ϳȷ˵Ƿʵˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ɻıȻ͸ҡ
ЩͰ͵ؿҶ죺Ҳ밡ǱҪҲûҪ
ǺǣҶ쵭һЦ漴ͷİɣһ͵ԻԭʯӰֻ°үģð͵ԵЩԭʯȫ黹
лҶս顣˿ֻҪԼû¾ˣڰүö£˵ðүȥԸҶ죬˵Լѩޡ
գ°סеԹޣתȥ
ҶĿԶȥ漴ֹţϸһ쾵ûʲôã
֪쾵ʲôطʲôҶ
һҪȥģȻҵõ쾵ôıܴ
Ҷ׼ȥͺúô쾵䡣

Զ¸ո뿪ҶӣصԼӣүˡ
ղȥˣү£ǿµĴţɫԽѿ
ˣҹȥҶǸԼñӣ
үҶսѾǽȡԭʯΪ¼Ӱʯ֮ˣΪ棬Ҳǲòͷ¿˵
ɶȥʲôһССҾ͵Щԭʯôѵ˼𣿡үܻ˵
¿ЦүǰͳĶӣ㵱Ȼ¡±¶ˣǿ϶ҪģΪͳŹңҪɱңҸɶУȢҡ
үһͣ滹УҪȢ£϶ͬ⡣ϾҲ֪µôˣ˶Ⱦ϶Ů˽ǰ׼ҵĴš
ˣүҪȥ黹ЩԭʯˣҲɡ˵ˡ
үȥıӰ漴תͷҶסĵطгԹ֮ɫŭصͺҶ죬ҵţΪһЩӰʯͿԶԸҾ㿴Ұүʲô³


2007 
һʱھʯϵĻԭʯѾڹˣħûмǲ׼׬ȡսҶЩʧҲΪֹˣԻԭʯعܲ
˼ĹҶϽЩԭʯҽ¼ү͵ȡԭʯ̵Ӱʯȥ
˼һ»ԭʯ漴ҶۿӰʯеݣ֮ĿЩؿҶ죬ʵӦѾ֪үݣôҵ
Ȼͳ°£ȻҪһͳ졣Ҷ칪˵
˼һ˿Цݣ漴һеӰʯ¼˰ү֤ݵӰʯΪޡ
ͳ죿Ҷɻؿ˼
˼Ҷ죬ĲҲҳϡ㻹̫³çˣΪƾһӰʯܶԸү˵绹ǿΪͳһλߵߣʵǿҼ֪ү飬Ҳֻһֻ۱һֻۡ
ˡҶ˵ͷӰʯֻǱԼҳϣɲûΪ˾㴦ðү
˼Ҷһ͸ʱˣЦ˵ˣȻȥϢɣһս㣬ǶĽ͡
˵꣬ҶͷԼսһɵƲƲ죬ԼһæԷԼʹ͡
ҶԼѡˣԼģ˼ܿأȻĻûʹ͵ġ
¾ȸˡҶ칪һ漴뿪
⣬үɵ
Ҷ߳үߵôǲʧ
Ҷֱµ˵ͷ漴뿪
ǽɣú󣬵ڴ˼
ү¶ʱ˽ȥ
߸ϵ˼ү½ĿֱӺ£Ƕ԰ү¶ͰЦݣֶû뵽̶ԪûѾ̤Ž֮ˣ츳ҲǼߵģ˵ԳԽ㸸װͳ졣
ǺǣˡүԹЦ
һԵ·˷ۣү츳ŶҲͨǿһ㣬ϾһߵߣֻҪ׳գ磬үھȻһŽ֮ǰϹЩԴ
󵨣
°ү˼֮ʣϷ˼ĺʱһ
̧ͷɻؿ˼
˼ظһһȵ£ղҶսѾȫˣû뵽Ȼ͵ŵĻԭʯǵ졣
۾һɣЩţæͳ죬ûа
ûУ˼һҶ춼ӰʯˣҪҪԿ
⡭²ȻһЦû뵽Ҷһ֣Ȼ
ˣҪɱڣ漴ЦȻָԱߵİүŭҲ͵˻ԭʯ
˼˲ǰһסĺЦͷȻݰֶΪǰ׳𣿡
ݣǺǣҶ죬ҼҲŹ㣬²ҽһͱ˼Դ궼ݻˡ
һԵİүѾһĻŴˣ˵һ仰Ҵһ
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ɱ֮˼ضµʬ壬һŵĻİүЦǺ˵ֶ崦һͽܾˣȥϢɣɵĺܺãͰѽͷ㡣
лл壡үЩ뿪˴
˼ŰүǱӣǳһĨмļǸȮӣ˵ı˰ɡǿ㸸׵ķϣΪһŹ㣿
˵꣬˼ŵµʬ壬˵Ҫң־͹ͰүһҲֻܴˡ
˵꣬˼˻֣µʬʹڵѪʧĸɸɾ

ͬʱոջݲõҶ죬յ±ţ͵Իԭʯ˼Ϣ
˶ʱסˡ
˺һҶŻعһ˿Ȼ
ǳˣҶһ̾ûʲôϾԼǷµģҪҲֻܹµù˰ү
ûµҶ쿪ʼд̽쾵䣬ò˵ΪĴڣ쾵绹Ƕģ֪ܿ쾵䡣
һħţһţһȻš
һֱѰһ쾵ȴ
¿ҰġҶõ쾵֮󣬿ʼµĴ㡣
Ҷ쿴µҰĺܴ󣬹쾵¶ҲȥŻȡӴս㣬ֻΪ˵ȴһʵﵽԽĳ̶ȣӶõеıء
ϧȴû뵽ȫҶ졣


2008 ϸ
ˡû뵽˼Ȼɱ£ôһү߶ͷкˮ¶
Ȼǰ˼ڴɱ£Ĵ̼ܴ
үǳѾ黹͵ԵĻԭʯһҶһʽףҶٵ˶Ӱʯô䵽³
ѵҶʵҶ첢ûлٵЩӰʯүȻ뵽ֿԺܴԼˣҶ죬Ҳѡô
뵽үҧɭһҶ죬ģȻôӰʯκβҡߣҸ׻ڡ
ˣ
һ
˭үͷغȵء
үи㣬˵սġ洫һ
£үȻ¶Ѿˣһ汻˼ɱôѵ֮ǰµ
үʱЩ棬˵ɡ
úŴ򿪣һӹش˽һ͹ڰүǰ԰үүںսϣѩޡ
үߵôĵӣǱűͳɱҪҲ𣿡
ɲǰ׳գΪһ˵˼ǲֵá
үˣսĲͳ죬ǸҶսæ˵óһӰʯ˼˵Ӱʯսҵģ˵ʲô⣬ͰӰʯү
Ŷү¶֮ɫӹӰʯ漴˻֣ǰ˵ȳȥɡ
ǣ˹ȥ
үغ⣬漴̽Ӱʯ֮УʱºҶ콻׵һĻĻڡ
ºҶĶԻĿ½Ҷ쾵ү۾һʱһС
ԭһ쾵ȻУɶˣд˱ȻҸס
ҶΪɱڣԲź£ȴû뵽֡

үΪһС
Σү¶˷ܵĹâһϢֻҪҽϢ߸ףɱҶ죬ø׵õǰĴԵǸã֮еõ˺ôΪ۷ߣŵĵλ͸ˣԺ˭ҵң
ڴ֮ǰܴݾߣǱƵҶ쾵˼Ǿ͵òʧˡ
Ҷ죬ʵǿ󣬶Խ϶Ұģװ쾵˼ġ

үмƻƺһӱƵġ
ͬʱҶҲ濼顣
ʯС
Ҷе쾵ɫ˼ڵʵƴԿȵߣеǰҲܱߵȵûҲ޷ɱңȫʵᡣ
֮λ벽ǿµıǿûǶһЩȴ
һһǵսûʸ롣
Ҷ첻һսȳߣǿȫʸ롣
ֻҶǵǣôж
ֱܲ˹һ쾵ԼɣֻҪ»кܶҪɱôпᡣ
ң쾵šħź󳬼֮УҶһССſȳߵʵҲûʸ󳬼ƽƽ
һϢ¶ֻѡҪô쾵ţҪô
쾵̺֮Ϣһɰ˸˽СҲ˵쾵һ쾵ӵ
ҶߣôŹ쾵϶һֻһССŲܽôһҵģಹһЩս㡣
ҶüͷɲںЩս㣬ϾⶫȫƾԼ׬ȡ쾵ȴһ̺ıǳĶ
ĿǰȲҪ¶쾵ȴ˵ΣҶ벻ʲôð취ֻʱĴ㣬ϸ쾵

Ԫ֮һսܲ
һҾ޴վϣһȲ𺣬Ŀɭ䣬һǿϢ˲ҽӽ
һٵͳ졪졣
ףүѾȺڴˣԼ׻ع飬˷ܵӭȥ
쿴ԼӣҲԵúܸˣ϶ֳͰЦݣθɵòΪ״һϢ
ٺ٣ףɵúúüƻһ¡үЦ
Ȼ쾵飬Ѿ˰졣
ЦİɣһССҵġ
˵գӲȥ


2009 ħ֮ս
һ֮Уϸӽ֮󣬽еŮ˳ȥֻǸ
үæʵףʲôƻ𣿡
ԸһССõʲôƻԲмһЦ漴ܲҵǲɱҪģȰȥ
ү۾һ˵򵥣ֻսȥġ
ҡҡͷ˭֪ʲôʱųȥҿɵȲôãҪõ쾵һֻҪ֮еõô۷壬ôҵͦǰʮˡ
ò˵ڵõһ쾵Ϣ֮󣬰ЩȲˡѾڸߵͣܳʱˣٳ粻ͻƵĻϣѰᡣ
ˣһʱ䶼ȴˡ
үüףҶϾ˼սûа취
ɭЦѵһԪʲô𣿡
һԪ󣿡ү˼Ƭ̣̲ͫס˵ף˵Ŀһܼһεħ֮ս
Ǵ£Ц
ħ֮սԴԶҪӹ͹ħ˵𣬹͹ħƺУǱ˴ɱϣֱԼÿһܼ;;һȫսʱ͹ħǿ߶ս
ˣħ֮սĲпᣬ綼
й͹ħˣħ֮սҲ硣
ɭЦһССħ֮սʱֻҪ΢£սϡʱٰˣɡ
Ӣħ֮սһⳡһүԶʱЦ
Цһ쾵עҵģҵõ˾ٽ乱׸ţҵʸʵȻõһ
Ǻڴ׽۷һˡүЦ
ӾЦÿޱȡ

ͬʱʯС
ҶҲЦúܿġ
һԪ֮ħ֮ս
ʱźħŴ߻ս
׬ȡսĺûᰡҲҪһս㣬һս֮׬ȡˡ

Ҷյ˼ϢԵ÷ǳĿġ
Ҫ׬ȡս㣬ǾҪɱжߣħ֮սһûᡣ
лý磬Щٶ࣬ҶܽɱȺսһЩҲûҵֱ¡Ҷŵ
ͨõߣսǷǳֲġ
һЩǿߣڻɱʱÿɱҲޣϾֻһˣЩվǰɱҲҪɱһ
ǾͨõͲһˣһý綪ȥֻҪԷʵԼֱ̫ӾɱһȺսϵĴɱ
ԣҶħ֮սڴѡ

һԪʱ䣬գۼ
Ҷ찴ʱ˼Ĺ˼µսһ׼˼ǰħս
֮У˼ɫЩվһս˵һܼһεħ֮սڿʼˣµĽͷǳأǱֵĺãлһΡ

˻
ȻԽ찡

ڣһսԣ𾪲ѡ
ֻҶЩᣬæѯԱߵһս
֪սЩؿҶһۣ漴ͽ͵ӹҪıÿοҪԹע֮һΣ϶ͻһ硣ڣô֮һΣпܾͻ۷塣۷壬пܽΪߡߣ֮һΣҲõܴĺôΪÿοҪԹעĻǳһֻһЩþ޴ս߲ȥû뵽Ҳᡣ
ҶԵһЩսΪʲôôˡ
Ȼֱ
ھ۷壬һΣǺпͻΪߣ
ҲҲý磬ܽˡҶʱЩ
ûлãϾܹһλǿԺķѾ޴ûЧ̫Ӧˡ
Ϊս㣬Ϊ˽ҶʵˡҶ찵¶ģһҪɱ䣬ЩˣɱҲİ

ã˼йսǰĶԱ֮󣬱ӻ֣һս뿪ս
ʱܲ⣬Ѿͣսһȥжҡ
Ҷ찵ľ⿴һԱ֪ħ֮սĹģжôֲ


2010 ٿ
ܲҶսŴħ֮սսʻȥ
ԶһҾ޴ս
ϵܣþòһˬʵЦҶȴһαתͷȥֶԷһλ߼ͳ죬ƺ˼Ҫǿ󡣲ңλͳԣվһϤӰЩڵİү
ѵǰͳ죿Ҷһ뵽
ȻҶǰ˼ˣͬ¶αЦݣЦԭǰϸ磬ϸ֮ǰӻħţҿ˵ˡ
ǺǣֵһᡣǫЦЦ漴Ŀɨ˼һսҶ϶࿴˼ۡ
ƺ˼Ϥ˵սʻ
ҶȺ֮УͻȻܵһԹҴɱĿ⣬΢΢̧ͷȥÿ˰ү
үҶĿ⣬ɱʢˣҶһĨӵơ
ߣҶһЦү

ŴٶȺϾ̫࣬پս̫ԶԪ֮ڵִħ֮սս
յĻ֮УʲôҲûУһƬ
ħŶµħ֮սս
սһߣħŵĴƺһѾսϣһƬɱϢϯһǿϢֱƲ񷡣
ͬʱƬսΧĻ֮УԼԼŲӰһϢǳǿٶ߼
Ҷ֪Щ˶սԱϾħ֮սҲѵһĴ棬Щôܻ˾ʵս
ء
ŴҲк֮󣬸߰սŽħ֮սս˫ûʲôĿףս̾Ϳʼˡ
ɱ
վڸ߿е˼һ֣ҶսʱԴһսһЩ֮ʿŶħŴɱȥ
ͬһʱ䣬˼ҲһЩ֮ͳ죬ħŵͳɱһ
ս϶ʱһƬɱ˷Ǳը졣
ھܸߵĻ֮ɱϾǵ̫ǿˣǣ֮ǡ
ҶȺ֮УԼ»ɱսϵħߣûϱ¶ԼʵΪսŸտʼʱ¶ʵֻħԸ
Ҫ֪һβսħ߿мλиߵ߶ϰλ۷ǿҲʮ
Щǿע⵽Ҷ죬һ֣Ҷ첻ʩչʱԽɱ
ԣҶȵսĩʱٺúñһ¡
ԣʱҶ죬ֳڵʵħŵһǿߡҡš

ԶĻգһȺ߼ǿڹս
źħžˬ죬ʲôϻҲ˵ֱӾʹˣ
ⳡ滹Ǻ󰡣
֮ǰڱչħ֮սϾͳˡٺ٣ʵĳ棬ɲʲôʱܿõôܴ
˵һӮ
ҲŰɣЩŷչԽ׳ˣжռݵһơ
ħҲħŸӵ׺ݣҪƴҲ˱ᡣ

սϡ
һߺħŵһλ߽սһ߹עҶ죬ʵǿڸߵ֮жڽǿһУܹӭս
Ŷԭһڣǲٿȥ㹻ˡҶʵʱ¶Цݡ
ͬʱϵԼһٿɵ۷սԸŻҶġʬ塱
ڹô첻ںֻҪ
ţٿһ۷ԸҶһڣ϶ֵ

䣡
սϣҶ쾭һࡱɱնɱħŵһǿߣ»ɱ˶һսħŵߣȡʤ
Ҷ׼ɱһħŵսȻӦ۽Ƴ˲Զһۣͷһ˿ɻ
۷壿ŵսΪȺиʲôҶ찵ɡ
ٿʵпҶߣȴ֪ҶʵҶѾٿɵʵʵ͸ˡ
ڿң
ܵٿʵʵҶ찵˸ģĹ۲죬ٿڲϵؽӽԼֱǱԼһսϺ󣬾ûмƶˣǾڰйע
Ҷ첻ǰ׳գ˲۷ǿʲôĿģȻ֪ȴѲ²⡣
Ψһĵ˾ǰү˿϶ǰүԸҵģΧôŵߣѵҵڻɱңҶǳһĨЦ
ûн۷սҶһ˸˼һ߼αװսħŵ߽ս
սڳͣսϵսԽԽң˫ԽԽ࣬ħ֮սҲе˰Ȼ


2011 Ŀ
ħ֮ս˫ƾУϿյս֮ս˫ʧ࣬˭ʤ˭
Ľûгã˫ʧֳʮ֮һ֮ħһ߾ͷ·һһʹýɹʵÿ϶һѪ⣬ֲɷϯΧնһƬɭ
״̬£ħߵʵձ鶼һ룬ʱѹߴռϷ硣
СģħŵѪħ󷨣˵һǧ˰٣ʱƣŬ֧һˡ
߸˵𽥱߾ġ
ȻħŵķŵվЩɵǿɲΰԼȥȡʤ
ħŵ֮ôƴΪħŵɱ¾ƣֹߣһɱˣȻȻеɱ¾֮ģʱҲƴ
׼ȷ˵ħŵߴʱѾɱˣʧȥǡ
ħߵıսϵħƽŵ߽סħŴĽ
ɶħ̫ˣַȡʤҲֻܾ˶ѣʲôʤ
û취˭ǲƴء
Щ˶ǷӣΪʤԼҪˣûˣʹʤʲôãһȺ׳ա
˰ɣҲˣħ֮սҲûţֻҪڣž

ŵЩ˼ɣʼˡ
һħ֮սƺѾ˽ħŵʤǰ
ԶսҲôΪġ
ףСôû
߿УҲսˣȺеҶ󣬶ʱһ㶣Щ˼顣
սˣħŵҲƴˣҶһССսô֧ŵڡ
˼µսѾһˣ۷ս˺üˣҶȻţδҲ̫˰ɡ
ٿɣְɣڻңСӸˡЩͲסˣٿɴ
ٿɲһλ۷壬һ׻ʵ۷֮жǿ
ʱٿҲЩҶܹڣյĴû˿ԥϾȡһŴ󹭣Ҷı貵һ
ˢ
ʸͬһ㻮գԽ˹٣ݺݵغҶ졣
˿ΧѾһƬǱ˴ɱߺħߵӰ˭Ҳ֪һٿģٿԱߵ˿ٿҲ֪ٿʵ̫ˡ
ȻҶȴһֱעٿɣٿɶԼ֣Ͼͷˡ
ڳ𣿺ߣ
ҶЦ
ʱҲ׼ˣϾȥžҪˣʱħ֮սҲͽˡ
ý罵٣
ҶĿ¶⣬ϵϢڶȻ۷壬Ҵﵽļޡ
ͬʱҶ߶ջñ䡷һõƾս٣ҶΪģΧ˶ڡ
ʱħߺ߳Щý֮޷԰Σٿɡ

Ҷ쿴Щħߣޱȵ³һ֣Щħ߾ͷ·ʧȥһԵ֮С
ǸҶֵٿɣҲҶû
ȵҶý֮Χ߶ʱסˣΪǷ֣ڸղŵһ˲䣬ǽսħߣȻȫΪһ߾ߡʬ塱
⡭
ôܣ
ղŷʲô飿

ҶΧŵһɻ
Ǻ֪ܿԭˣΪҶ첢û֣ͣŶħɱȥ
һ˲䣬ҵսȻ˼̫ˬˡҶ쿴˿Լϵս㣬ʱЦݡ
ý罵٣
ý罵٣

Ҷһڻ֮У֮һ߾ħߵʬ塣
۷ǿߣҲסҶĻý磬Ҷɱˡ
Ƭ֮䣬ħŴʧأսҲתŴҶɱħŴܡ
ȵ߿еħǷӦʱħߴѾ룬ѾֵסŵߴⳡսĽѾˡ
Ӯˡ
Զսһ㶡
ؼ䣬˵Ŀ⣬ȫҶϡ
һ̣ҶΪĿĽ㣬Ƕûҫۡ
ǧս㣡
ʱҶڲ鿴ԼսĿһֺʱ¶˷ܵЦݡ


2012 ʮ
ǧս㣡
ĿԽҶԤڣͬʱҲڿʱȥˡ
Ҷûʱ俼ЩΪѾܵһǿϢ
ħŵһλߡ
ȻҶΪѾħŵǷŭˡ
Сӣû뵽㻹һõߣϧ㲻ħŵˣȥɣħŵֳѪɫһػﶼնˣƥϯ磬þʮضˡ
һ˵ħ֮սУߵս޳ܵȥԴСϾߣҪЩġ
Ҷʵ̫ǿˣȻֻ۷壬۷ҶûʲôֱӾͿɱһȺ
սǳȺħʬ壬ħŵǷǳٷҶɱȥħų⣬˶ˡ
ԣħŵҲںʲôԴСˣֱǿƳֻɱҶ졣
ɣ
֣

һ߼״ʱ¶ŭ֮ɫû뵽ħŵôҪȻԴС
ֻħһֺ߳ܿ죬ȵߵǷӦʱѾˡ
Ҷ졭
Զ˼ѣҶµսֽܳҲˮǴߣȻϣҶ䡣
ֻԶˮⲻ˽ʣҲΪ
Сӣ㻹ǳҵԤϣȻôǿʵߣվֻһֻϡ
쳯ҶȥЦ
֮ǰҶչҲ𾪣ΪԼļƻˡ
ڿħŵ֣߳ʱĻŭš
Ҷ죬£㣡ȵĻΪȥҶ죬һЩħŵҪȴһЩŵסˡ
ߣ
ҶҲ˰ĻɲΪԷԼܵǿԼ뿪Ϊ
뵽Ҷóһ񹭣λħһҫͬգһƬ񷣬ﳤա
Ҷǵɱʱҵģһǿ׻һҶȫʩչħߵĹסԼûˣһλ۷ǿǱȥķպ෴
ɶСӣ
쿴Ҷ˵ķ򣬶ʱɫ
Ҷ˵Ǹһλŵ۷ǿߣƬսǿĴ֮һڣҰжҶɱ֡
ֻðû뵽ǣҶȻ׾ٵصסһλߵĹҪ֪ߺ֮Ĳܴ󣬺ܹסߵȫһҶˡ
ǰ
Ҷ쿴ŲԶ۷ǿߣ֮ԳΪоĵ˵Ϣ۷嵱жڼǿģ֮ǰۿλڰѶħһλ۷ǿѹŴ
СĲ
ŵ۷ǿһ˲ҶߣЩħŵǼ״ʱ׷ˣֻһħŵ۷ǿ߳˹ͣڲԶ
ҶȻλ۷ǿ󣬿Ŷħ۷ǿߣħŵҲǳǿϢ֮ǿλ֮¡
ʮû뵽ųһõߣصĹħһҧгݵصҶһۣ漴Щĵ˵
ҶߵߣҲǺʮ֮ɫЦǺǵǿɰٴЩŵȻͶѪʶĸϽ˾ɣһ䶨ˡ
ʮ㲻Ҫ̫⣬һħ֮սʤħֲ䲻𣡺ߣ
Ѫһ漴ĿתҶ죬ɱ䣬ɭЦСӣγͷˣûгΪ߾͸ҳķͷҵҪܹסá
ʮɫһŭȵѪôҲһ۷壬Ȼвһ㲻ҪҲиްɡ
ѪɭЦģҲ֣˾Ͳһˡ˵꣬ת뿪ˡ
ҶɫЩأ׼뿪磬ȻĻ½Ҫħǵ׷ɱˡ
Сӣģڣû˿ɱ㡣ʮתͷҶ찲οôģֻǳֻҪҶڣôһΣ´ħ֮սӮˣԺÿħŵĽ棬ֻҪǴҶ죬ǾͻռϷ硣
ǣǰҶæͷ֪ǰλߵǿ󣬱˼ͰǿˣȻϽȡ
ˣ֪СӽʲôأʮЦʵ
ǰҶ졣Ҷæش
ʮ˰֣˵ҪʲôǰˣֱӽҺͳɣҲˣ͸ߣαֺܺãҪʹ㡣
ǣͳ졣Ҷ˵ͷ


2013 
û뵽ħ֮սȻӮˣ
ǽһħ֮սˡ
˭ųһõߣôĻõǻĽԺõԺŰɣû뵽ԺĵӶ磬Ű

źħŴĳˣԶһսҲʼȥ
Щ˵ȥҶ֣ȴǴ硣
̶꣬߶֪ˣһҶıһħ֮սĽһ֮ȡʤ
أ
ˣ
һݻֽ̻Ի͵Ĺ֮Уŭشһӣɫޱȵѿ
Ա߲ԶүҲһվţû뵽һصôף
ү̧ͷǰİ죬ףڱټкͳɽǿ²öԸˡ
սȭͷҧɱʵףֻҪ뿪ܲʱܹնɱ鷳ǣħǱߵҲҪɱһ뿪ܲûɱȱħŵ߸ɱˣʱ쾵䵽ħˡ
үüͷ壺ףһ쾵ӵҪҪһ۷弶ͳȻ⿿һ֮ºѴҶ쾵
۷ǿϣ뻢ıƤ򲻵ѣѡһȵȵȰɣʱ˵
үЩĵص˵ͷҲû뵽һΪϵˣȻôǿʵ

ܲ
ҶЩصһԺ棬һ򶨵˿̶ЩˣʱضĶЩˮ
ΪϾҪˣһλǿǿߡ
ȻҶ쵱ѪͻĽִĽҲҽǿߣϾֻԶ۶ѡ
һΣȴҪһλǿ潻̸˵Ǽٵġ
Ҷ죬ȥɣڵ㡣ãʮ˳ҶЦ˵
Ҷ칪һĿͺʮԶȥ漴һһصǰʯ·߽Ժ䡣
Ժ䲢ǺܴҶһ㿴һͤͬʱҲ֮ͤкȾƵһλꡣ
꿴ҶС䣬һɫĳۣһͷɫĳ磬ûκϢй¶̧־֮䶼ϵζ
ҶϣͿ˻
ҶʱףǰˣΪǿ߱ǿڡ
Ҷ죬ݼҶæ
֮ͤУ΢΢ףĿƳҶһۣ漴ָŶʯ˵
Ҷһ㶣Էһλǿ߰ĸҺͶԷƽƽ
뵽ԷҶҲҷֻͷƤ飬߽ͤЩ
ǺǣСӺܺãǰҽбʱЩһﶼһƵġҶԼ£ɵ¶ЦݣЦ˵
ҶڨڨЦʵҲﶼŵҪء
û뵽Ҷ˵ɵһ㶣漴ָҶЦ
ҶεЦЦ
СȤȤЩһ˼ˡΣЦؿҶ죬Ŀд͸·Ҷ¸һ
ҶԽˡ
֣֣
Ҷ죬¶һ˿ɻüСϵϢܹŹְħŵġħ塷͡ʮħ١˴Ժġջñ䡷޾ս䡷Ϣôѧһ壬СӵħţǴԺ
Ҷ찵Էǿߣôһգۼ䣬ͰԼ͸ˣ³ӡǺͻ֮ӡ⣬ԼʲôԷ˰ɡ
£ҶǳʵؽԻĽԺħ塷͡ʮħ١ѧġ
˵ͷҲҶǴԺģϾҶϿĴԺ
ֻǣЩɻʵΪڴԺҲŰɣôᱻ磿
ǴԺѾɢˣҽ׷ɱǴԺˣΪռ壬ܵǵص׷ɱ֮£ֻýܱܷͷҶ˵
ԷǿߣĽ緢϶˶ԷҶ첻ѡ
û뵽ĴԺɢˣǴԺǺ˰ԣĽִǸһͦģϧѪ棬ѷһЦ˵
Ҷ쿴Ժʱûκ¶а˿͵ĶԷǴԺĵˣǾˡ


2014 ѡ
̸Ҷʱ̱־裬нŲѣԼ˵
ǿǰһԷɱ⣬ûлߡ
Ҷûѡ֪ԼҪȥ磬ôͱҪ򽻵
Ҷ죬Ҷ𣿡
˽Ҷ֮Ц˵ħ֮սֲܹȡʤкܴĹͣһʮ˵ˡ
Ҷæ˵ͳˣֻһʲôͣûкͳ֣ͱħŵ˸ɱˡ
Ǻǣ㲻ҪǫˡЦŰ˰֣Ҷ죬˵ģһйͣдطιͺܴ󣬰չ涨ѻһνĻᡣ֮⣬εĹͺ㱾µʵҾͳ֮λͿԺЩͳƽƽˣֻһ֮
лҶһϲæ񣬵ЩɻʵҪﵽ߲ܽͳԽͳ죬˻᲻᲻
Բм˵ʵЩ۷ǿˣټҵ˭ҲңϾҪˣʵµ󣬾ͽ߾ˡ
Ҷ˵ͷжʱڴˡ
ʱֻƣģʱһʯĴ߶ʯԽԽ󣬵Ͽ¼˸ָģһׯϺ嫵ϢҶеޱȵѹ֡
¡¡
ʯ涼һ
ȥɡ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴߽ʯĶԷıϾԶԷʵ´ɱα鷳
ҶʯʯŶʱرա
ͬʱΰʯϲ񷣬һ˻֮С
ޱߵĻģ߶ʯӿȡ
ʱ
ʯ֮еҶ죬ͻȻоԼ˼ԽԽԻЩģĵط˿̶ޱȵͷ·һӿһ
ûᣡ
Ҷʱ֪ڴ߶˷ʱ䣬æϥ£ʼںռ
ǰÿںһռҪܳʱ䣬ӻĽ絽Щ꣬Ҳųɹ
ڣ̶Ƭ֮䣬Ҷͳɹһٶ֮죬˷ܵĲ
ںϡںϡ
ҶռԽԽ׳󣬵ռһǧʱоһʵȻٶԽļޣﵽĵز
Ҷʱ۾ţû뵽һûн߾磬ʵȻˣʹð˲ħľžŹһ֮սǿеߣ
һ̣ҶԼռĿ£ѹôںϣҪһɹǧŰپʮ߾磬ǾԲǳߣпֱӾе߾硣
䣡
Ҷ˼ת֮ʣĴűˡ
Ҷ쾪㵵̧ͷ棬ʱͤкȾƵ
Сӣʱ䵽ˡףСӾȻûн߾硣ЩȵؿҶ죬ϸһ˿֮ɫ
ҶЩźû뵽ʱȥô죬̲ס˵һΣӦþܽ߾ˡ
ЦСҪٽһΣǾ͵һٰܼȡħ֮սʤɡ
ҶƲƲ죬һܼ1200ڼԪôʱ䣬˵ˣаսǿˣҪٽġ
ЧҶǺ۲
΢΢˼Ƭ̣Ҷ̲סʵ֪ñﻻܻܲһνĻ᣿
ȤضҶ죬Ц˵֪Ҵ߶һҪķѶ𣿾ʮ׻ҲȲˣʲôﻻú𣿻һټ׻
Ҷ΢΢һЦóһ쾵˵һ쾵һ쾵ӵеһȡһεĻвУ
˼˼ȵؿҶе쾵漴ĿתҶ죬ЦСӵģû뵽ôһ쾵ȻСò˵СӵǺð
УҶ컹ʵ
ҡҡͷ˵һУͿˡ
ҶüͷҪһԼȥأ϶ԼٽһȻԽ߾硣
һǽ߾磬һǽҶЩԥˡ


2015 ˰
ͤУЦضҶ죬ҲߴҶ죬ҶԼȥѡ
Ҷ쿴˿е쾵ٿ˿ǰԥ
֮ð磬׼ȥ磬Ϊ˽𣿵̺޴ԵȻȻ
˼ãҶ춼޷Щڨڨؿʲôȫİ취𣿡
Сӵ̰ģһЦضҶ죬Ʋɼãܶռã
ټ׻вУҶʵɱõһ׻õһһεġȻһ׻ħ֣׻뻻
ЩȵؿҶ죬¶һĨ֮ɫ˵û뵽Сӻͦеģһ߶ֻһ׻Ȼ
ɹҶٴʵ
ҡҡͷÿδ߶Ҫķѵ㲻ŵˣһ쾵Ҷ㽻ס
ǰкðɣټʮвУҶͰ͵ΪĻԵҲȥˡ
ҡҡͷٶûãҲҪţֱǿߡ
ѵͲͨһ𣿡ҶЩԹؿ
ǳһĨɭЦݣа취Ūһ˰ټ쾵Ҿٰ㿪һ
˰ҶЩɻⶫ˵ڤ磬ڤĴֻһ˵û֤ʵ
Ǳ˰ڵȥɣõ˱˰ҡȰ㻹ǲҪȥǵطΣաһָҶ죬ҶһЩϢ漴ӻ֣Ҷȥ
뿪ڵԺ䣬Ҷһߣһ߲鿴ԼԺеϢ
һط⣬˵ƵԹ죬ڸοռ䣬ǿ߶޷̤㡣
ǿµߵǿԽ⣬ǹ֮޾Σգ˵ͨڤһڣ߽ȥ
˰ڹһӱߣӱΪȪ۶ɵ֮ӣ˰ȡе־һ
ڱ˰ľôҶ첢Ҳûиǿ϶ܹǿ߿صı϶ͬ졣
Ҹȥ̽һ̽Ҷ찵ԳϾǲǿߵĽݾ
صԼڵʯݣҶ׼ȥһϤں
Ҷ졭ӦýҶͳˡҶͳ죬ϲˣΪͳģŵһˡ˼Ц˹
ͳ죡Ҷ˵ͷڵǲҪ˼ˣϾ˵ĵλһʵѾ˼֮¡
Ҷͳ죬㶼Ѿͳˣôס˸㣬ĹѾ׼ˣҴȥɡ˼ǰҶ죬¶ѺõЦݣҶϾǴ߳ȥģδǰ;ȻϵȻҪúά֣Ҳһ֡
ţǾͶлͳˡҶ˵ͷȴһ硣
˼Ҷܿһ̻Ի͵Ĺǰؿһ£ŵĹһûʲô
˼빬ҶóһЩ;ˮЦŽ̸
뵽˰Ҷ˼ôã϶˽⣬һѯʵͳ죬֪Ƿ˽˰
˰˼ԾȵؿҶ죺Ҷͳ죬֪˰ģ߲֪š
ҵġҶûѡ
˼Ȼ漴͵Щǿߣƺ˰Щôڣǿ߶ų˵ֻҪ˸Ūһ˰ͿԻʮλ֮Ҷͳ죬֪ʲôǻ֮ǿǻ۵ľǿҲҪķһһλ֮
ҶԺ֮ʲôô
ôɴˣ˼һ֮ɫ˵õһλ֮ȼգôܣԽһ򱶡һ򱶣ʲôһλ֮۷徳磬ɱһߣһе߶ڻ¡
ôҶһ𺳣ڱʵȳߣһʩչžŹһ֮Ǿеߣǿһ򱶣ټһѹƣ¸ߵҲĶ֣۷ܶݵؿһˡ


2016 
Ҷһ𺳣Ȼ֮Ϊ𾪴ˡ
˼Ц֮ǿô󣬵Ƕ˵ȴǾıϾһһλ֮൱һ޴ĵƣؼʱ̿Σġţһһλ֮Ҫһս㣬Щ۷ǿߣûܹӵһλ֮ԣЩǿ߷ųв߶ȥѰұ˰
ΪΪʳǿ߶Ҫıô׻ã˼̾˿˵Ǹʵ̫ˣһЩȥϢ֮ˣ˶ûпãҽȥ֮ǰ˺ܶˣҾͱŵòҽȥˡҵ֪ǽȥߣһС붼УϰλЩųˣҲˣܹɹ˰ָ
Ҷ԰࣬ǸȻϰλߣһµĵطѹȥ
Ҷͳ죬ǸطɲҪ㣬˵Ǽλҵõ˰ǰǶٴν⣬ɼΣжôֲ˼µ˵
Ҷ˵ͷЦҲֻǺʣһҽȥˣȴѾҪȥа˲ħа˾ħһҲ⡣

ȵ˼뿪֮Ҷ˹뿪š
ͳ죬ɶˣֻҪûвȥȥ
ףҿҶ뿪ܲˡҶ뿪ú󣬰үҴҸϵĹ˵
۾Цûᣬھ͸ȥ
˵꣬Ӱʧ˹֮С
ͬʱҶڻ֮УŹķȥ
뿪ºܿħŵɱҰɡҶڻУЦѡ
ʵҪһһԼռ⿴ħɱ
ȻҶ뿪ܲһξǰһħֶҶɽȥ
Ҷ죬û뵽ȻҳѰ·һЦħ֮кƵ
ҶǰԶ¶һߴĺɫħӰ
Ҷ죬ףסˣɱħŵİߡɫħӰЦһһѾҶǰǿѹɢ顣
еߣ
ҶλߵǿϢǳһĨЦݣħŻǿңԸһȻͳһλܵߡ
Ҷ죬ɲҪԷƱħ֮սս׾ٵؾ͵סһλߵĹħΪ˱һ㣬ŻеߣУҲĸɫЦ
ҶŭЦҵҪ˭
˵գҶİ˾߷ԼһһɸǿϢ֮ͷų֮ǿһ㶼ȶİѷɫ
ôܣ߿ŶҶ𽥱ǿϢʱ֮ͫɫ
ҶϢ֮ǿȻе֮¡
һֻһ
ЩԻˡ
ߣϵĳѾֹһλˣ֪᲻ɱĵһеߡҶóϣ֮İߣһǿĵⱬ
ŭһССҲɱңҲգҾʶһߵ
¡¡
Ȼ˵ȴһҲСҶ죬̶Լ׻ȫ߶Ҷ졣
׻һ˺ɫħ죬˫ҡħ췭Ƭնڶµϯ硣
ռ
Ҷ˲ûκη壬սϣ֮߶ԼռϵĿֲΧնâ˺Ƭ
ݣ
һ̣һ貵ҶмԻ񷣣˺Ĳ񷣬һգնİߡ
ҹߴһеħӿħһƬɫ󣬳Ҷû
Ǻܿ죬ߵɫΪҶһ̫ǿˣȻӲ˺һѷ죬еħ춼
ɱ
Ҷʤ׷ϣ֮գնߵԴ
ƥķâҫ۵ĵ֮ͬˮк
䣡䣡䣡
ЩֵסҶľâòϺˣнյħ춼ڲЩŵضҶ죬𺳲ѣһֻһ
ǰҶʵڲԶĻ֮Уеİ죬ҲҶչֳʵˡ


2017 ҧ
СôôǿԶڰеİ죬ǰչҶ죬ʱһ֮ɫ
ҲǹˣţҲһЩǿܹ۷ʱܳߣҶǿǵһ
Сӻûн߾磬ӵпеߵʵ߾磬Ҳκβˡһɷڵɱ⣬ΪαҪɱҶ죬Ծ󻼡
첢ûмڳ֣Ϊǰ˻ûзֳʤ׼ҶͰܾʱٳ֣ʱܳûնɱߣõһЩս㣬νһá
Сӣң־͹õ쾵ȱƥﻳﰡ춢Ҷ죬гɱ⡣

ΪԼصĺãҲûзȴ֪ҶգҶǳǿ󣬸֪ԽߣֻҪգܹؾ쵽κ
ڰ쾪Ҷʵй¶һ˿Ϣ֮ʱҶѾӦˡ
˭
һߣΪҶ͸ѵǸߵߣ
ҶȻоȻһλǿߣԷʱû϶ǲ⡣
뵽Ҷ첻ɵðоͬʱ˼ŶԲߡ
Ҷ׼ʩչһѹưߵΪȻǿƽɱԱһĵˣʱɱߵĴ㡣
Ҳһ°ߣǹҧҶȻ۾һиһƻ
£Ҷ쿪ʼ΢һԼʵֳԼ޷ʱսЧȻͰսˣӽĵط
Ҷ죬ԭʹطʱ䵽ˣʵ½ˣ
߿ҶʵͣΪҶ֮ǰʹʱƵطʵʱЦҳʤ׷
ԭСʹʵطУ쿴һĻʱȻ
ߣߣһе߶ҴڣһʲôõġҶԷ̵
Ҷ죬͵Ǻһһƣǲ֪ߵʵɫһ漴ŭ
ţҶͿΧղһ֣ϤһĻģ
ΪһеߣģĻǿǿֲܺƵϯҶ춼Щɵ
Ҷ첻ϲȵľڡ
ûᣡ
ߴ߶ҶѹʱҶգϢ֮ʧΧĻΪһ塣
ߵǿһҶһëû˵ǿֲ͸ҶԭڵĵطŰĵطȥ
ʲô
ʲô

ΪҶͻȻʧȴû뵽ߵһ䵽Լϡ
ȻֻһλеߣģĹȴѾ޽ӽߵˣܣҲòԴ
ʱ򣬰˲Σ˺նֳһ׻ģĻײһ𣬱һĿֲ죬Χն鿪
ԶҶ͸տһĻǿӰʱͫײɵһ¶ɫȻҺͰүֻЩ֮ȻԶɱ֣û뵽԰үĳ谮ϡ
ƾҶٴҲûвµĿĲΪү𣬶Ϊһ쾵
죡
Զ߿쵲סԼһɫʱһ䡣
ǸߵߣҲЩߵȻ
ټҶŵˣʱ֣ð뵽ڰбҶ졣
ǣϾͿʼˡ
ǵģϵħŵһߵߡ
ԸҶССǲҪһλߵߵģΪ˱ħصڸһλߵߣֻλߵ߾ðһ˾ˣԱûԹ
Ǵ˿̰߾͹ܲôˡ
ŭΪԼҲӦҶϢ˵ҶѾ뿪ˡ
һ뵽ߴԼļƻҶߣоͳɱ⡣
ټħͷ߶׻ɱ
죬ΪԱҶ죿ΣҶһܲɡߴȵҲƴˣģĻ߶˼ޣֻΪ˵סĹ
ұոڣŭǱûðɣĵɱҶģɲҶģҶˣͰħҶˡ
Ȼ⻰첻˵ֻܰѻйڰϣð߲Ѫ


2018 
ԶҶںΪһ壬ڰйۿŰͰߵսʵҪǿĶ࣬Ƭ֮䣬ͰѰߴˡ
еߵǿ°߶ѾɱˣҶ쿴߼ֲ˶á
ȻʱҶ͸գ쵽һǿϢԶٶ
ǸߵߣħƵ϶ħŵǿߡҶӦһǹǿϢʱ˾ϡ
һȰ߻ҪǿħŸߵˡ
Ҷ쿴ŲԶİ죬ʱֻΰҪ鷳ˡ
Ȼ
ף죡
һŭȴԶ
ޱߵħ֮УһߴӰ˰ȫһѾشİߵ
ʵ֮ǿһ㶼ڰ֮£ðֹ޷ټɱߡ
ͣߴѪǰħŸߵߺ󣬶ʱ˿æ˳ģ״̬˵ϢʱֱȻ䵽˳߾磬ɼ֮ǰ˵жôء
ϾһλߵߣֵܹڣصĴǲеġ
ãվǱסһС
죡߿Ŷİ죬һҧгݣ˸ԹĹâղǲˣܲޣ
ߣڰԹмһˣԷһеʱԴŶħŸߵߣһʵǿߡ
ȷŰɣħŵĸߵ߶԰˵Ͼشʵ䵽߾磬ֻΪۡ
ǣҲܸɴ࣬ת뿪ߵߵĽ棬ֻ
лˣ
ԶҶ쿴˿뿪ķ򣬶ʱһȥ
¡¡
Űߵȥط׿ߵߵս֮ǰӵĲҡ
Ǻ嫵ϯҶļ²ѣΪԼʩչһѹưǵΪನֵס
֪Լ޷Ը죬Ҷֻ뿪׷ߡ
ûȰܶԶҶס
յҶ죬ٶȳԽߣð·ӡ
Ҷ죡ȻǰֵҶ죬ͫɫҲ
ˣʵ²ҶĶ֡
ߣּˣԵְҶЦǺǵ˵ͬʱ̳֣߷ӦĻᣬϣ֮ǺݺݵޱȵѤãֲĵâųϢڻҵ֮Ű
䣡
Ҷ֣һǿռƬش͵رɵ̺֮һǧǰδеǿõðɫ䡣
¡¡
ǿҶ죬ûѡֻǿŲ壬ٴģǿصסҶһ
һ棡
ȻҶƮƮһ仰һɿֲѹʱ١
ɲǼ䣬ɫһ䣬оԼΪֱеߵ䵽ߣģĻάֲסˡ
ȥɣҶĿ¶׹⣬ڰߵľУٴһ
¶ףҪλħŵĸߵߣȴѾˡ
أ
Ҷĵ£ߵֱӱ飬ҲҶϣ֮ɱһ˿һû¡
ǰеĺɫħ䵽ҶУ΢΢һЦֵõһ׻ˡ
Щ׻Ȼûʲôôϣ֮㹻ˣԺ˺ͽǣٲҲ˻ȡı
ͬʱҶ췢ְߵҲǳ׬һʡ
ͳ죬лˣѾɱˡҶѹߵŰǸһٴ뿪
ɶ񣡡
ԶҶͬʱ뵽֮ǰߵĲҽʱɫѿ
֪ԼαҶˣƽ޹ʰҶ쵲סһλߵߣҶش˰ߣȻҶɱҲôɡ
һλߵߣȻһˣֱǳ衣
ˣħŸߵ߷ְ߱ɱȫŭйϣðͷ۲ѡ
Ȼ޾ԷûкôսһǱҶõ³ʵܲˬ
СӣһҪɱ㣡Ҷ޵ҧгݡ

ʱҶѾԶ˵أյڻ·ܿ죬֪Ҳ޷׷ˡ
ͨͰߵսҶѾԼڵսȻ˷ʱȴħŵɱֱӸ·ִ⡣


2019 
⣬һء
Դϴһ߽⣬ϰλ߲к󣬴˵رΪһأٸ̤롣
ֱ죬˵ӭһλˣǾҶ졣
̤գҶ˹ڣ˵ƵԹ죬ΧĻնɭֲϢ
־أ֮˿¶Ҫ꣬ȻֵܹҲֲ˶á
ҶȻֻһսȴȳ֮ԽߣɵֵЩԹϮ
ǹ𣿡
Ҷͣڹڴ΢ԥƬ̣ͷֳһħ⣬ıԭء
ǣҶħո̤⣬Ҷͺʧȥϵ
֣
Ҷ쿴ǰԶħͫ΢΢һɻ
ͿħǰȴͶԷʧȥϵǵһ
ħұΪһ壬Һͬ磬ȻʧȥϵġҶͬʱĿؿǰĹ⣬иһ˿𾪡
ѵ˼ԣƬڤڡ
˵ʵѾڤһˡ
ֻڤǴ˵еĴڣû֤ʵѵ콫֤ʵ
ҶЩ棬ڤһȫµ磬߽磬Ҳͻ粻һ
߽磬һ䣬־ᱻʱճɣֱǿ߽临ǣһȥʱ䳬һܼͣô־ͻʧʱճ֮УҲ޷临
Щ˵־˵ȥڤ磬ߵ磬İϢ
֮ڤǼصĵط߽֪Ϣϡ١
ұýȥһˣ
Ҷ찵ֹ漴̤У⡣
ҪԼһħȽȥ̽̽·һʲôΣգҲв塣
Ҷû뵽ڤһ֣ħһȥͻıʧȥϵһ̽⣿ȡñ˰
֮£ҶֻԼȥ̽ˡ
ȻҶҲոߵЩ֮˻ųı죬Ҳò¡
Ϊ˰ȫҶڽϾͳա
Ҷ췢֣ĿռĿռ仹һģһգһʲôΣգ·
һҶŶˣ⡣

ɭֲŨԹˣԵøЩطˣ޷̽⡣
Ҷһ·룬˲ٿ򣬶ǿյģûһϢúһƵĻ棬ͬһ鶼ûУϢʧˣ·˴˵ء
ﻹһƬⰡһ鶼ûС
Ҷ뿪ƵĻ棬ɵȻһЦ
ʱҶ׼ħȥ̽·Ͼط̫󣬹⿿һˣҪ²ҵ˰
ıħͬһ磬ǲõĻħʧȥϵ
ǣҶֳһħ֮󣬶ʱǰһĻסˡ
ֻʱҶͨǰһħ˫ۣؿ屳¶ӡͨ˴СЩãȥ·ʲô˸һƵġ
һĻҶޱȾ㤡
Ҫ֪ڽ֮󣬿ʱ޿̶ͷųԼ̽ΧκһһκۼҲǰߣôϢ֮һƣһ㷴ӦûС
£
Ҷ̲סֿڣһͷƤ飬Ϸֳ˾ħԼıΧסȻۣϸۿֻӡǴܵκεϢ
֮⣬Ҷĺ棬Ҳûκκۼ£Ҷ˿
ֻⳡ̫ˣҶûĵˣʲôʲôʱ򹥻Ķ֪ȫһƬԻ
ѹ˼˵һЩڹ֮˵Ӷûпˣǿ°
ҶЩ£Ϊ˫Ƶ˻ѡ˷ŹһԼʲôƵ˼ɵԲűסԼС
뵽ҶԼİ˾ħ󷨸ԼԼϵƷʲôǰԼԿ˫Ƶˣܹ֪һ㣬ôȨ
ҶһŲ飬ȾųЩЩҪõĻǰЩ߾Ͳˡ⣬ԭʯһЩĵرһһų
գҶڰߵҵ˰صƣͨɫѳɰ飬¼һЩģһȱġ֡
֮ȷⶫΪҶⶫܵһ˿ϢȻܵ϶ԼӦȱһǹƷ


2020 δ֪
ԭǴ
ҶɫĲȱƣǰϸ꣬Ʋ֪ʲôƶɣղŰþûһۼӲޱȡ
Щһ沢ûп¼κε󷨣ֻķԵú£͵ķģҶ첢ûм
Ҫ֪Ҷҽ磬ڴԺѧϰ磬ˣģȱķģһ㶼ʶ
ķģǴԺҲһЩأЩĿǳڤ磬һȫµķϵ
Ҷ찵ЩģȻƲȱһЩĻõģ߸õģ¼
Щ֮Ҷ쳢ȱעȴûκã·ЩĲһ
ҶЩаԼ֮п¼ЩģЩı¼֮ɢˣһЧûС
ô
ҶüͷЩļȻǿ϶ôģôһЧûС
ѵŪˡ
ҶϸһķģԼ¼ûдֱӴ߶ƶûЧ
ˣ
ͻȻҶ쿼ǷĵʱԱߵһħȻ֮УʧȥϢ
ۣҶ챾ɫһ䣬һѪ
ô᣿Ҷ۾ɵúܴ󣬾ڸղţħϢ֮䱻ɱˣһصֱնħ֮ϵȡħ
ҶؿõǰǾħ嶼ɱ·ʧȥʲôһŨɢ

Ҷͫһ뵽˫Ƶˣصĵˣɱһħ
ԣһֱڸңû뿪Ҷɫ˱䣬Ժ˼ת뵽Լղ֮гģЩġ
ʱҶ۾һɫҲˣ֮ǰǼɵȱƣǵ޷߶ƺ󣬾ûй˼ˡ
ҶһԼηһ󣬵͹˰ص˵ǣԷĸӴ

Ҷû˿ԥա
ҲҶħոʧҶԭڵ֮Уһ˫ӡɢ
գ֮УҶ쵹һԷɱһħ֮󣬾Ȼ׼ȷҵı塣
գӶһ٣ѾЩһϢ֮ˡ
һﵽʲô
Ҷգûм뿪ǳ̽Ƭ򣬵һ֮⣬ûκһᡰĶ
Լ޷̽δ֪صˡ
Էڳֹʱ򣬶û¶١
ˣӦˣˣĿǰҶٵ
ұŪķģãҶóǿȱƣķġ
Ǹδ֪ĵڼɵƣǺҶ߶ƣҶŪһ㣬㽫Էɱ԰ȫڴ˵Ѱ˰ˡ
еĲȱƣҶһطٴʧ
ҲƵģϾյ̫ǿˣҶҲ޷ʱգĻֱգ̽Ƭ⣬ͲκεΣˡ
ˢ
ĳطҶ¶
ܣҵһεĵطʼоеĲȱơ
׼ȷ˵оеķġ
Щĺܼ򵥣ؼҪô߶ǣҶüͷǰѧϰķģֻҪܴ߶Щȴûá
ڤ磬Щڤ磬ǲһ磬ϵ϶Ҳһû취߶ЩġҶܴʼץסص㡣
ڤߵʲôϵأ
ҶץȡһЩһЩɷɱעûЧ
֪ûЧ˵ڤӦö߽ߵ־ҲôŶԡ
Ҷ˼ҿ϶Ͼ֮ǰ̽鲻Ǹδ֪ĵˡ
ҶҲûа취ˣһԡ
Ч
أҶ飬Ϲèӣҽˡ
һδζʧˣһûЧ
Ҷʵû취ˣеУȻˣǿȱĺɫƺȻһɫĹâһա
ǽţһЩѺۣŵҶ첻Ҽƻָԭ


2021 ڤ
Ч
ŻָԭĲȱƣҶжʱ¶ϲ֮ɫղȻһЩ⣬ǿԿ϶Чġ
Ҷ쿴ǰĲȱƳղҰеһвЧҲ㽫ŪҪĳ֣ںܴ߶
Ҷͺ̽ˡ
˼ʧ֮Ҷͷֵںһʱƣƾͻᱻ߶һɫ
ɫԷҲγɻ֣仯
ңҶ쳢ɫԼʱȴԼˣһ
·ꡣҶ찵ľֲ̫ˣǿ궼Եֵǻһߣ¿һɱ
ڤߣѵǿ
Ҷδ֪ڤеޱȵļɵ
ȥұ˰ˣõ˱˰뿪˵ءҶ˾ϣڤ̫ΣˣҾ
˲ȱƻҶ͵ˣһɫ˫Ŀ֮Уʱǰһľɫ
һǻҰ磬ԭ޵֮УȻһЩ·Զ
ҶԵЩȣûɫЩ·
ǹ·𣿡
Ҷ찵²⣬һ·ȥ
úҶǰ治ԶһӰһģЩɢźһ˫ָ׺ܷܳ
أʱӰҲҶ죬Ҷз׺ݵĽ
ǰĵ𣿡ҶЩ棬ڵɲδ֪ˡ
ܹõԷӵйԷֶΣҶ컹ʲô
ˢ
Ҷ쿴Ӱʱóȱɫƣ߶һɫĳںӰϡ
ӰʱĲҽðɫĻ棬ڵϷţȻڳſµʹ
ڤڤʹӰҽţһЩĵ
ڤʹҶЩɻ󣬵ӰϵϢԽԽ߶ƽЩɫ˻
Ӱڵϣһֻʣ¿дָһЩ֮ϹҶǰ¶֮ɫСݼڤʹˣ
ʱӰսҶеƳ˿־֮ɫ
СһֻҶ찵ȣƬȷǴ˵еڤ硣
뵽Ҷ첻ʵڤڤʲôȼ
ţӰһ㶣漴㵵ؿҶ죬ٿ˿Ҷǿȱĺɫƣʱɫһ䣬㲻ڤʹ˼飡
ٷϻĻϿشҵ⣡Ҷһٶȴ߶еĲȱƣʱһɫ⻪¶ŵúӰ
ΪɵҶеĲȱƣӰʵһС
ԭƬڤڤʴͨ˼һݵ㣬γ˴˵أֻڤʴ֮ʧˣڤ״̬һʮλڤưԡ
ҶеƣʱӦýСڤֻΪˣֻʣһ֡
ڤ磬ֳڤˣڤʹܵڤ˵ľη
ڤȼΪ»ҰС˧ӡڤڤʡ
»ҰһЩûǵĹ꣬ڲŽڤ¹ʵǿ忴ǰʵ
СѾӵ˼ʵ֮˧ߣǿߣڤڽ
ڤ磬һʮ˲ռ䣬֮Ϊʮ˲ÿһһڤͳΡ
ڤ֮ϵڤʣǰСͲ֪ˣֻ֪ڤʵʵǿԶڤڤľͳߡ
û뵽𾳽һСȻԶԸ˼ߡ
ҶӰɵø̾
Ӱҡͷ˼߿ģϣɱڤС͹Թ˧Ҳвֻ޷ʱģϴ߽󣬱ǵĹ˧ɱࡣ
ҶԻȻ򣬻ϵĴڣڤҲڻĹ֮£ԶЩڤá
һҶͷĶˣֻҪﵽ߾磬ЩڤҲûʲô˵ġǸ뿪⣬Щǿ߿ɱǣϾǿ߶˻
ҶЩľǣڤȻʮλڤЩɶǽĳǿߣҲ֪Ƿʮλڤ
ò˵ڤ绹ǿ
֪˰𣿴ҹȥ
Ҷ쿴ǰĺӰ
ӰüҪȥԴϴα˼͵һЩ˰֮ǹ˧ƾƵڤǸκβ˹˧ġ


2022 
ȻΪҿǣѵðҶ쿴ǰĺӰЦ
Ӱһҧгݣ߳ŭǴȥ˧ˣҪҲˡ
ѹ֣ҶȻ򣬸ڵԼСЦȻˣ͸ȫ·ҪҲߣֻҪ˰ˡ
Ȼһ˰͹˺ĽףⶫȻǿ߶ҪҶ쵱ȻԼòˣԺҲðٲҲǿףôࡣ
䣡
Ӱ񿴰׳һҶ죬ɭҿǲˣܹһ䣬ˣȻҴ䡣֪˰жôҴ˰ӿ¶㾪ˣǿǿߵΰڡ
ٷϻҪסСȰ㻹ǹԹҡ˻ܱɹˣɾһ˰ˡҶЦ
ӰԳĬȷѾǹˣȥǾͳʧˡ
Ƭ̣Ӱ̧ͷҶ죬Ӧֻ֪һֻСڤµȵĴڣֻ֪˰ڱȪҿԴȥȪҲ֪·ȫҪȫõ˰Ȱ㻹ȥץ߼Ĺǹ𡣡
Ҷ˸ǰĺӰǳһĨЦݣҪ赶ɱƵڤԶԸСȴδܹԸЩοǹҪɱȰ㻹ٴ⣬ֻҪҸоκ⣬ҶȽնɱԼаߵġ
ںӰĻҶ˾裬ȫšԵƪ˼ǹ˵Ļš
㵹ǺܽӰɭЦ˵⣬ȻҶʶˣҲֻա
£Ӱ˵֪һطܹӵжԸڤߵͨƵڤ
ʲôطȰ㻹ʵ㣬һоԣһϻɱ㣬ҵ޵ġҶ˵
ӰɭЦ˵֪ˡ
˵ɣҶĿɨһۡ
ӰЦЦ˵˼䣬Ӧ֪˰ɣ
Ҷͫһ漴ȵؿǰĺӰʵѵ˵أ
ӰٺЦ׼ȷ˵ǵһ˵˼ߣһˣЩˣһˡ
ʲô˼ʲôҶʵ
ӰɴˣȪժ˰ɱλӣվڤһһλڤڤ𾪵ǣλڤԳҲǻĶ֣ӡ˹⡣Ϊ͹ĵһڤӡˣЩˣлڹĻһڤڣһ˵أ̾ͻ
Ҷ԰࣬û뵽ôǿȻڤһڤӡˣʵ޵ˡ
£ҿû£ЩʲôôҶ漴ʵ
ӰٺЦҿԴȥڤķӡ֮أվ˼ˣҲѧϰһЩӡ֮ⶫܷӡڤڤ߸ӾпвƵڤǿˡοڤķӡ֮أҲҵһЩڤ
ҶԵ˵ͷ漴Щ͸˺Ӱ˼Цôķ˼ȥڤķӡ֮أҲʲôɣ
Ӱɫ΢䣬ɿȵˣҪǲԸȥҲԲȥСֻܰôࡣ
ȥȥҶһЦǰĺӰ漴Ȼ߶һɫĹâӰڡ
ʲôӰʱŭصҶ졣
ҶЦְˣҷжκβ飬ڵĶϽ
ɣӰŭ
˭ƪҲòȰʶ㣬ʲô˼Ҷһ漴ߴٺӰ·
ӰЩģǱҶвֻƲֵش·
ӰߵЩ·˵Щ·ߣԶֻƬȦȦҵõȪҲҲκйڤ
ҶҲԼǰܵĪ߹ӰӰɭЦڤ˶뿪·ʱӦ˹·һֻССʵЩͣڿʱӦЯڤϢԲűˡϧˣֻС̫Сˣ֪㲻߶ڤԴ˻ɱĺûᡣ
ϧã˻߶ڤҡҶЦ
Ӱ˵Ĭǰ·


2023 Ӱ֮ı
Ź·ߣ;ҶҲ˼ֻСǿƻɱŵǰ·ĺӰٶԷϻ·
ҶҲһо飬ǾеĲȱƣÿʹһΣ涼һѺۣȱƼֲ˶þҪˡ
Ҷδ֪ķӡ֮ظڴˣףڷӡ֮ûʲôջĻʹȥ˱Ȫõ˰
·಻ҶźӰ꣬ͻȻǰܵһϤϢ
ţ
Ϣǡ
ҶȻͣסŲɫؿǰ
Ӱ״Ҳͣ½ŲɻػͷҶ죬˵ôˣǰǷӡ֮ˡ
ƺһ˿ڴ֮ɫΪҶ˿̱ǰϤϢԲû⡣
ˣǻӵϢѹôϤ
ͻȻҶ۾һ뵽ǰϤϢԴˡ
ӣԺ־ԵƷǻҽһսʱҲ˿ֲܡ
ҶԴӡֻ̣û뵽ǰȻӵϢѵ˴Ժһӣ˱Ļ
лǿҵĺģҶϴߴǰĺӰǰ
ú·ľͷһ̻Ի͵ĺΰʮôߣ֮Уͬһǿվ޳ǣǳΰ׳ۡ
ӵϢǴ֮ڴġ
ǵһڤͬʱҲڤйڤͱӡС⣬Ҳлõ󷨣ڤ˶ȥ֪ܲܽȥӰָǰĹ˵
ɣҶȴһһץסӰͳǰĹȥ
𰡣ûзȥһᱻ󷨸ġӰʱŵþ
ڴʱҶгһƣɢŵɫĹâҶͺӰһڣƽ˹֮С
ʲôƣӰҶеƣ۾ӶɳˣڤӶ޲ߵ󷨣Ȼƿ
㲻Ҫ£ҶһǿƣһԵĺӰֻǿõдһġ֡
ǴԺӵơ
ڴԺҲлɽֻЯƵĴԺˣɳ롣Ҷ쾪ȵǣӡ󷨣ȻʹԺĻɽһģһԲ֮ǰһĻ
ʣԺĻɽ󣬾Ǵӻﴫġ
ϧ󷨿ԵסڤӣȴסѪǿ
߰ɣ
ҶߴٺӰǰ
ǺӰԴ˵ҲϤֻš
֮£ҶֻøݻӵϢǰ
Ƭ̺ڹģһ˶ߵͭӣǻӡ
ǻӣҶ۾һæ˹ȥ
ڤӡ棡Ӱӣ̲ס¶ĹâæҶ󣬳Żӷȥ
ʱҶѾһǰͣ⣬ϸۿǰĻӡ
ݣ
ڴʱӰԽҶԣҶ쾪㵵ĿУһӹڻǰ
ݼڤˣӰڵϣ֮ɫ
ҶЦڤ˱ӡ棬ѱѵ㻹𣿡
ӰԻͷһҶ죬ĿڿһҶֲõԤС
ҪˡҶȻΣյԤУóƵڤ׼ɱӰ
ڴʱӰٶȿڶŻӰݵڤˣԸΪĵˣ˼ߡ
ҶԴŭ߶ɫȱƣһɫĳʱźӰɱȥ
䣡
˺ӰȴһɫͻȻ٣ǰס˺ӰҶĹΡ
ôܣҶһЩŵؿǰĻӣڤǱӡô֣ܳ
Ҷ˺Զӡ
Էڤһλǿڣ׾ɱ
׳գڤǺεȴڣǻҲɱڤˣڤ˳ƿӡġӰɹڵϣؿҶ˵
䣡
ӭҶһĹ
ȻûκôӰɫֱҶԽ乥Ƶġ
ûõģڤǺεΰڣһССðġӰ޹Ҷ죬ɵ
Ҷһû˵еЩˡ
ʱȻһطŤðɫĹΣγһף·ҪӵƣԵ
ݼڤˣӰ״ʱݵڵأȺ𾴡
ҶЩؼˣԶԶͻȻ¶ףҲǱӡڻڤ


2024 Σ
棬ڤ¶һףƶԶҶ죬ƺһĨЦݣ漴Ŀת˹ǰĺӰ
һСܹ˵أҲĻԵڤˣ£Щɣһµˡ
ӰмȵذڵϣڤˣԸҳϵʹߣ
ţҿˣұɱǰֻ˼Сϡڤ˵գ漴ſͣ³һɫţںӰͷϷ
ڤ
ԶҶͫһһƣڤеڤͬһԴֻǺӰϷǿڤġ
ڤԺڤһڤʹߡڤЩׯϵ
ӰĹڵϿͷ
ڣҴɣڤٶȿڣ߶صֻӰϷڤʱͶһɫӰС
䣡
Źһ졣
ţԶҶͿӰϢڲϵԭ𾳽磬Ȼһӳ֮磬һ
ȺӰִ֮󣬾Ȼһֱ߾ֹͣ
ϷڤҲ䵽˺ӰС
ʱĺӰ֮ǰȼֱͬ죬һϢ֮ǿҶ춼еʮּɵ岻ģ¶һӵģЩ԰ףһ˫۾ɫҶ졣
Ҷ챻һͷƤ飬ʱĺӰѾ֮ǰֻСˣһֻӵڤڤʹߣһǿĹ˧
ҪлˣĻһֻСôһΪһ˧ӵڤڤʹߡ
ӰһҶ죬Ұ׵ףɭȻΪ˸л㣬һ̵ķɱ㣬ǵһ֮Զ١
ҶЦɱңҪ뿪˵أˣ֣Ӷȥοһ˧
ΪҪȥӰҡͷʧЦΪڤ˵ˣһһֱڤڴˣڤ˳һƿӡġ
˵ʵʵǺȥģǵڤ˵棬ɲôȻڤһŭҲҪ
䣡
źӰĻҶ֪ĿܣΪǿϴ߶вȱڤӰ
ûõģ
Ӱ״һЦеڤΪһѺɫ񽣣һҶĹҼҶɱ
ӵڤߣһ˼ɡǿϧеڤѾƲˣ㻹ߣ޷ģɲκв
ӰЦ
ҶɫʮѿʼıսϵӰĹʵڶˣŴ߶вȱڤ
һҶȻʱرסеڤÿһδ߶ѺԽԽ࣬Ҳ֪Դ߶ˡ
һʧȥڤҶ޷ֵӰĹƵǣձѹˣ˵ضС
ৣ
Ӱ·֪ҶϵؼӴ󹥻ȣƵҶ첻òδ߶ڤʹڤѺҲԽԽˡ
ôȥұɣ
Ҷз䣬һΣ͵ڻ类ƽħĺĴ
Ҷ侲һߵӰĹһ˼Žİ취
廹ϵˣ
ҶĿŲԶĻӣ׼ȷ˵ǿ¶ڤףǶԷ˺ӰӰҲڤʹߣڤҲжԸӰİ취ȻӰôڤ˹
ȻԷһǿڤֱӡڻڣҶƾʲôԷƷӰ
ƺһ޽⡣
СӣóͻЩϵȻҲܹ˵ءϣڤЦϧ̫ˣȻһֻСһ˽ұѹκβ㡣
ߣ򲻹ֻ۸㻹ڤڤֱ޳ܡҶŭ
󵨣ȻҸڤô˵ӰŭһƴһҶ죬Դ¶Լڤġ
ǺǣСӣʹü𣿡ڤЦдһֳһֻ϶ѣҪɱ㣬ҪʲôֱӲˡ
㿴ΣҶ첻֪ʱѾ˻ӣüһĨһɫġġֶʱ¶
ǻ֮ӡǣ
ӡǣڵڤʱͫһ¶ֵɫ
ǻ֮ӡǡ㡭ôڤĻ֮ҲŽźͽ
ȻŶĺӰ˻ɱ
ӰҶ졣


2025 ɱ
Ҷ¶֮ӡǣڤ֣æӰɱҶ졣
ŻЩšֵڤҶʱһЦ֪ԼĲˡ
£ҶӰɱ߶üĵĻ֮ӡǣǰĻӡȥ
ס֡ڤŭȣǽҽвϣ˵ҲŤ·ھʲôʹ࣬ҲĿĽ⣬ҫ۵ĹâڴӰʱúӰȼһϺˡ

ͬʱӵ쳹ףɢںƵš
ڤڲҽС
Ҷ챻ӵĽɫâ֣òԶĺӰֻؿһĻͷһƬء
ԭõƣҶˣ
ڤˣӰԶغš
ȻڤûʱʹزҽУ˸еɭһͷƤ顣
Ҷĥڤһʱ֮ӡǣվڻԱߣɫؿŲԶĺӰֻҪӰҹϴ߶֮ӡǡ
ӰԲµҶȻкܷŭҲܼɵȴϾΪڤǣҲҪɵͷųĽɫâ
ôڤˣ
Ӱʶ࣬ҶջĿ⣬Ż潥ָס
Сӣ֣ڤһ˫ĵ۾ҧгݵ˵
Ҷ쵭һЦڤ˸֪οڤʹߣĻΪԱֻһֱ߶֮ӡˡ
ԶӰüͷɫء
вңڤ۾һɣȵ
ڤڤǷ߽磬ҲǽߴڣȻܵһССв
䣡
ڤŭӣҶҲûжķϻϴ߶֮ӡǡ
ڤ׶ʱŤҽҲ֮
㡭ɣԶӰתҶ죬ŭ˻
ҶŲ߶֮ӡǡ
һҶģĥڤһʱ䣬ڤҲӲͦһֱûġ
ò˵ڤԼϻǿͦصģɲҶСģһӢٵˡ
Ҷˣֻͣڤ˵ڤˣǺαأӡǻֲңҾôøʲôοڤʹߵķ뿪ͼƿӡķҲǶ𣿡
ãҿԸ㣬ø֡ڤضҶ죬ҧгݵ˵ҽ⿪ӡ㸶ٴĴۣҲҪ뿪⣬Ҫ
ȻڤҶĥһŭҪڽҶ챨ѩޡ
ҶԴ˵ǲģŻķӡôͻƵġ
£Ҷ쵭˵ҽҶ죬ǴԺĵӣˣԺǻһѧԺ
Ҷ죬һ죬ܵڤŭ𣡡ڤҶ죬漴촫̸Ҷڤʹߵķ
һӡҪںϲܴ߶ǿڤʹߵūӡڤ
Ҷĸ򣬴е֪ӰͶڤΪڤʹҲд۵ġڤʱᱻڤūӡԺʲô磬յڤĽƣûзĻᡣ
ȻںӰһСԣܹһӳΪ˧һڤʹߣʲôأ
Ҷǳǿ󣬽ȥ꣬ѧūӡڤ
ŲԶЩĺӰҶһЦʵһ£йܲá
ӰԶʱһͻ
ѧˣڤЩȵؿҶ죬ūӡڤȻǺѣڤţҲڶ̶֮ѧᣬҲҪУЩš
ǺǣԿҶЦתͷԶĺӰӡӿȡ
һ̣ԶĺӰɫһ䣬ʱŤһɫĻ˶ȼ۵ڵϣϵزҽţϢҲԽԽ
Ҷ쵣İѺӰɱæӡǾôһӰѾʧȥ˴ſڵϴڴϢţҶĿ˷ŭ;η
ȻѧˣһԵڤһ
Ҷ쵭Цһӡѣô𣿡
֪𣿾ڤţҲҪѧӡȻķ꣡
ڤ˵Щˣ۾ĵضҶ죬˵СӣҪôɱˣһתڤʽΪڤ˺һ˧츳Ҫ˶þܳΪӣﵽڤҲ⡣
Ҷ⻹ǵһȰɱġ
ǰЩڤҶ̲ס˵ˣǳˡ
ҵĳǻСӣڤǵû𣿡ڤҡҡͷҶ죬˵ֻҪΪʦˣҿ԰ɳ̳ҵĵһڤ֮λ
ԶſڵϴϢĺӰԣҶĿĽʺޡ


2026 ֵ
ǰѵڤҶɫЩŹ֣ȻȰɱˣһ˵ôеŪЩĶˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷҶЦһڤ˵лڤ̧ô
ֻһѣڤԲм
ˣڤ˸־ǲɱġҶҡҡͷ
ڤ˳Ĭһ漴Ҷ죺ãȻԸɱȱͻƷӡ֮󣬻ɱ㣬ٽڤ縴ʱԸΪʦ
ҶԷ˷ۣǵһͽģɱ˶ԷٸԷ֪ôش
ðɣһ죬ҾͰΪʦҶطܵڤļ
ڤȴûеҶǷܣԵúܸˣһſڵϵĺӰȵˣԺҶǱͽܣǵһȥ֮ʲôʲô
ǡڤӰԿɥҶ첻˶ԸֶΣڤɽô̡
꣬ǲĳˣôһת۾ͳʦͽӰпӱ
ҶȴǺܸˣһٲõĺӰ°ˣɵþλڤ˿ɰ
ιͽʲôڤȻʵƺˣǰҶͽˡ
ҶҲ⣬Ц˵Һһλǿ˽ףҽ߾磬Ұȡһ˰
ͽ㿴ͦģôֲԵȵĽ׶ڤߵ
ҶЦû취Ҫ߾磬ˣ˰ǿߺô𣿡
ԽôȻǸϼһҲ˰ˡڤᵽʱҧгݡ
һż˵֪Ȫ˼󣬶ӱȪ֮еڤԴȪ˰еľڤ˵һ˰԰壬ӿٶȡ˼˵˰ǿǵǿȣǵľҩܵƣֻҪһ˰ϻָ
ǿܵƶϻָҶ𾪵
ڤ˵ͷ˵ǽܵƺֻҪһٶ˰ͬԻָ
Ҷʱֱµһ
ܹǿһıжô
£ңҶʱаŲأӳһ½ߵʱˡ
˰һ˰൱ڶһɵӲŻ
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Ҷսȭͷ׳ղŻףǿôԼժȡ˰ɡ
ٺ٣Ųҽһ͵ڤɭЦ
Ҷûѯԭ򣬶ڤٺЦʦ˼ڤˣһ˰ҪôʩἸٶ˰ͽɡ
Ϊ˱˰ҶҲǻȥˣʲôϣʲôƤڱ˰ǰԶ
ιιιڲأڲأԶӰԣһ²۵ؿҶ졣
ڤЦеؿҶ죬˵ͷ˵ͽֻҪԸɱһٶ˰Ϊ壬ֱӽ˧ڱ˰Ϊʦеǣ͸㼸ǧҲ⡣
ҶԣʱƲƲ죬ҪɱŲôɵء
ΪڤԺĪǰ;ҶҲ˼һУοϣԼﵽ磬ڤ
գҶڤӻ֣Ȼˣڤͼɣ뿪ˡ
˵꣬ҶӰԱߣԼȥ
ӰǺܹضڤһƨظҶ
ڤҲûֹҶ뿪Це˵ͽһ£ժȡ˰ǧ𳬹䣬Ȼͻӵע⣬ʱͱ뿪ˡģ֮Ϊʦȥ㣬
ӲŲҶ߳ŭغ漴ץӰ󷨣뿪˹
֮⣬ɭȻĹ⡣
𹬵ڷһУҶЩпûаһˡԼûеõٺôߵĺӰһ죬һСԾΪ˧ڤʹߡ
ҶʱЩƽ⣬źӰˣԭΪ˳ΪڤʹߣԵƪ˵û
СҲΪԱѣȻСһСᱻɱġӰæڵģڿɲҵҶ졣
ҶߵҲܣǲժȡһٶ˰Ҿūӡڤ㡣
ӰԶʱɵˡ
һٶ˰㿪ʲôЦ


2027 ʮ
ô˹ڵϵĺӰһۣҶߵ
Ӱɥ˵һժȡ˰ͻӵע⣬ڤʹߣҲӵĶְ
ڤʹߣѵɱ㣿Ҷ˵
Ӱڨڨİ
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ӰЦȴǲҶԣԹԵǰ·
ͨȪ·ϣҶڤԽԽ࣬βҶԳ֣ӰһЩСˣһЩӰɱ
úڵִ˱Ȫ
ҶĿȥǰһƴ곤ӣкˮƵԶںУԲʱؿһЩ֣ھš
ӰҶЩɻ󣬵͵ڤ˶ǴӱȪеģֻеסȪľܳΪһڤˣЩûǵĹ»Ұ
»ҰûǣѵסȪľܴǰļ䣿Ҷ
ӰЦûô򵥣˼󣬻Ҫ˼ʱճһܼ͡һܼڣǵᱻʱշ籩ϵ˺ȻһЩ䡣ȵȪֱȪĺˮһЩ䣬ܹסȪľʣǰҲͲˡֻǵǰԹħ磬ʲôǵˣҵֶǵá
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ʵʲôڤ˲Żǵǰļ䣿
֪ǰ߼תΪڤ˺Żǵһּ䡣Ҫǵȫ䣬ôǰǿߵʵӰ
ҶЦǰļ䣬ڤҲøɣˣǰжôǿתΪڤ˺ǴСʼ𣿡
һЩǿߵǳǿһתΪڤˣǰһѡңǰܴﵽĸ߶ȣ϶츳֮³Ϊڤ֮Ҳ𡣡Ӱҡͷ
Ҷڤǳ棬һѰұ˰һӰ̽ڤ
Ӱ˵ڤʮλڤǰͶǽڴ˵еڤʣû˵ǰʲôΪʮλڤԴ˲ڤڤ磬ҲǼصġ
źӰҶȻ뵽һˣǾɱħۡ
£Ҷ̲סʵ˼һĽɱħۣ֪ڤûУ
ħۣƺЩӡһԵС˵ǵıȪһǳǿڤˣոתӵ˻ɱӵʵϧͱڤˡӰ˵
ҶһȻħ۵³ôң
ӰɭЦЩڤɶǻ˲֪µĴôսǵĵλڤʱǻЩ˼ɣɱ¾ЩǱڤˡԴڤʧڤʮλڤ˵㣬Ǹħֻܹãתڤĺʱ
Ҷ찵һ̾ΪħĬӡ
ǰб˰ȻӰָűȪϵĳ˵
ҶĿȥȻһƬɫ޵Ļ䣬ЩĻͬѪһ㽿Σǵĸɫġ
ԶԶȥһ˰ڱȪӭҡҷţų޵Ĺâ
Ҷϸһ£ɫʱһϲʮ˰
ǹˡӰָŲԶɹЩ޴ڤˣһʮһλڤˣʮһ˧
ҶĿһɨȷʮһڤߵϢ
ʮڤ;޴ͬɫˣǹ𡣶Щ˰ԱߣһͺӰСڤ˿ţϢӴ󣬱ҶԱߵĺӰǿʢ֣϶ǹ˧
ιʲôӴ˵Զһ˶źӰȵ
ҶĿЩɱ⣬ΪǿóҶ˼䣬ڤˡ
ҶתͷԺӰ˵취ɱʮȻǣס˧Լժȡ˰
Ӱɫһ࣬ҷֻðŭйǰϡ
ˢӰ͵óڤǰ۾һɣŭȵ󵨣ʹߵ·Ҳ
ڤ
ڤʹߣ
Ӱеƣʱŵû־塣
ѾˣӰҪɱǣδϴ߶ڤɫĳǰƬ


2028 
ӰʵԶڹټʹڤȻ˲ɱ
Ҷһص˵ͷ漴ͺӰǰȥ
ʱ򣬺Ӱ˲ɱһĻҲǰڤ˵ɧҡ
ȵҶǿʱΪ׵Ĺ˧Ѿ½ʣλӭƳһҶ죬漴ĿתƵӰϣǿӰеڤͫײɵһһڤôܣһڤʹҶʶģ
ôһҵݣӰԶʱŭˣ߶ڤ˵ɫɱǰĹ˧ˡ
ס֣
˧״ŭһû뵽Ӱ˵־ͳ֣쵽ûзӦʱߵλһɫɱˣԼ򱻱һЩ롣
㡭㡭
˧źӰŭӣƬ֮䣬µʮλͶˣֻʣ˾ˡ
ҵ𣿡ӰضŹ˧ȴǳ첻ѣʱһСҲܹӵַ⣿ֱҪ̫ˬˡ
һԵҶ찵ͷӰǷǳģһת۾ͽʮλ
ֻʣһ˧Ӧɶˡ
ˣ˧źӰĻҧгݵ˵Էܹ߶ڤǾڤʹߣһûκ˿ð䡣
ҶԴ߶ڤΪҶӵڤֻӵûһڤ˲ڤʹߣôһڤҲ޷߶
ͳһ㣬֤Ӱݡ
Ծܹ˧кܷŭҲòźӰɫ֪ʹߴΪΣңȻһˣѵ𷣣
ߣڤʹߣֻڤԳͷҡӰм˵
˧һЦڤʹ˵УǵһڤѾӡˣĵһЩȨǿɲηһڤʹߵݡ
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ӰƲƲ죬ߵҾһۣõôС𣿺ߣߣһ仰ǶҶ˵ġ
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ȻҪɱ㣡ӰһЦڤ߶ķµɫâһ貵Ľ˺նɱĺƵ⡣
˧ŭӣû뵽ӰȻĶԼ֣ѵͲӹȻӰڤʹߣΪһڤӡԵһڤʹҲô޼ɵˣϾڤҲǿΪķ
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˿̣ҶѾժȡ˰ˣһ˷ֳ˾ħټԼ壬һŸˣǰı˰ʼժȡһ˰
֮䣬˵صʮ˰ͱҶժȡĸɸɾ
㡭ǷˣԶӰùӲдĹ˧Ҷժеı˰ʱɴ۾š
ߣӰȻɫһ䣬ԲԶҶȵ
ҶһͻܹúӰڤʹô־壬϶һλˡ
ˢ
£Ҷ룬뿪
֮УҶ챾彫˾ħõı˰˻Ȼ˾ħŰ˸ȥûڴ
䣡
Ҷǰ뿪һǿϢڱȪԱߣǿϯԶĹ˧ͺӰɳȥ
һ̣һλںɫ棬Źߵ˴֮˳
˵ϢӴһԶλ˧ŵùڵϣ
Ȼӵֲ̫ˣûгգλ˧Ϊֵסƶ˱ը
һ𿰱ߵĹ˧Ȼôˡ
ӣ
ӰҲǵһμͫһæ߶ڤǿסӵĿֲơ
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ӿźӰеڤƺһĨ죬ȻΧı˰û˺ʱֱ̧һָӰ
һָд͸ڤ޷ֱֵӴںӰϣúӰɫһ䣬漴Եڵأʹ˻·ʲôµĥ
ߣ
һûмԺӰ֣ԷϾڤʹߣ΢ѵһ£ȴɱԷ
ҪǣҪȥ׷λ͵߱˰ˡ


2029 һ
ӣӣӣ
˸ħһ壬һŸҶ죬Խշӵ˼£ɾŸڡ
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Ҷֻϣİ˾ħܹԻһ¶Էһʱ䣬ϾħһʵϢǿҲֱ治˭Ҷı塣
أ
ڴʱҶڵձ̣һֻץ˹ġ
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飬ЩƬȻҲˣ龰ǳìܣȴʵڣҶ
֣ǾŸ˵ϢһģһȻҶֱ治һǱ塣ϲûб˰Ϣ㲢Ǳ塣
Ӵ֮˳Ҷһħһ߼׷ɱҶ죬һ߿ĵҶħѯʵΪʲôһλڤʹ£
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ڤʹֻڤӶ޷Էôһ˵ˣֻһССȻЩշ棬Ƕ˵ֻһֻϡ
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ֻǺεȴڣҶƬ֮ʣҶ죬Ц㣿ڤ״ӣһˣңڤܹʲô죿ңڤӡĵطǿҲȥοһСС
ҶԷղҲλڤʹߣڵһĵλѵڤʹ᲻֪ȻǸոյڤʹߣãûҴӡ֮أƾһڤܹȥ
΢΢һҲɻĵطһڤʹʶԴӵһڤӡ֮󣬾һֱûµڤʹߵǸոǸӰȷڤʹߣ˵Էȷǽ˷ӡ֮أΪֻнӡ֮أ˱ӡڤܳΪڤʹߡ
Ƿӡ֮صǼʶģλӺҲ޷򿪡Ӱһ˧ܹȥ
ΨһĿԣǰС͵Ӱȥġ
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һͣоҶ˵ҲģϾǷǳڤ˵ԸҶûڤͽݣһڤʹߺα
뵽˴ĽŲɵ˼֡
Ҷ״ϲѾоԼıںܽӽˣ¼˵ʵ㣬ڤҲٿڤʹߵķɴڤ츳ҪΪͽֻΪ˼黹û˽ᣬԲûתΪڤˡ׼ȷ˵Ӧڤļӣ˽˼֮󣬾ͻתΪڤˡŵĻͿ
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ϾҶΪͽڤôֲٿڤʹߵҪӡ̸һˣ
뵽˴Ӳɵ֮ͣУûм׷Ҷ졣
ԵһڤʹߣϾȵλ˵ڤʹֻڤµһһҲ͵ˣõżɵԷ
ڤͽܾͲһˣܹڤأлΪһڤҲܹΪӡοڤɽڤ缸Ǻߵģ˭ҵ
ò˵Ҷ֪Ե䣬ʮ仰оž仰ģֻһ仰ƭԷĻԣ˭ܿ͸
ΪһԥҶȡһЩʱ䣬ıѾӳ˹⡣


2030 
Ҷӳ⣬λӳ׷׷ɱҶ죬ĵҶħҲŵˡ
ڤͽܣҺڴٴε
׼ת뿪
ţ̤յһȴͻȻ˻Ȼһץס˽Ҫ뿪Ҷħ
ʲô˼Ҷħüͷǰӣ֪ԷΪηԼץԼ
䶢Ҷ죬ܴһŹߣǴŭ֮УɿԿõķŭ
ƭң
һһ˵ɭɱÿһֶżŨҵɱ⡣
ҶһȻ֪ʲôطװʵôƭˣ
Ҷ壬õǰһ貵׹⣬ɭȻ˵Ȼڤͽܣ͵Ա˰ֱڤҪˡ
Ҷһ㶣򵥵ĵطǱˡ
ʵ˵Ҷ죬ӣҲһ㣬ֱ뿪ʱ
Ҳ˵ĳʶ򵥵ĵط
ο֮ǰҶĻˣһֱھҶǲڤͽܣһʱû뵽򵥵ĵط
ðɣϧҵıѾ뿪ˡҶ漴ЦЦȻӻ˻ֱ֣Աˡ
أ
ҶԱһ㶡
һŭĴ𣬴Ƭմ
ⶼڲڤ˶ŵùڵϣ
ڤˣŭĺ֮Уܵӵŭ
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ѿһ޴ķ϶չ٣˹ڴ
ʱڵһߣոӳҶ죬Źⷽ
ɭҰĹ֮УȻһ˫Ѫɫ۾ӳһƬʬɽѪĿֲضҶ졣
ǸһҶŹеӣЦ
䣡
ŭѾѹƲסԼŭ̧ƣ㳯Ҷ
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ԶҶ״ʱ˿ӵȷǳѾûвˡ
ñٿ㣡ؿһҶ죬һһɭȻ˵漴ת뿪ˡ
ҶһЦεӣ´λôҽ⡣
Ȼεջ̫ˣʮ˰ǿ߶Ҫۺıء
£ҶգŵķŲƹȥ
Ķ̫ˣû׼Ѿǿߵע⣬ҶȻҾ

⣬Ȫ
ӰĲҽѾʧˣ˿ſڵϣڴϢţϵϢ˼£Ϊӹ˧䵽˹硣
ͷϿգڤڻµɫ⻪
֮ûΪ飬ϾҲҪˡ
֪ɹûУοðϣΪڤͽܺ󣬻ǵҵĶ顣Ӱ뵽
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ڴʱӵӰȻϿգظźӰ
ݡݼ޴ˣӰӣæȻڤĹأڤʹߺһĵλڤӡˣڤʹٻȻӵͷϾŵĽѵپһΡ
˵ΪʲôҪǸˣʵ
Ӱ˵ѣæΪڤҵūӡڤΪͽ
ڤԸΪͽһ㶣û뵽ڤȻҪҶΪͽΪԼǰҶƭء
ֻһҶΪҪ͵Ա˰
ɫɻӣɵúʺӰȻˣΪҪ͵Ա˰
ӰԿЦΪܾڤĺ⣬ԸΪڤˣĿģΪ˵ȡ˰ˣڤиԼˣתڤ磬ԸڤΪʦԣղɱڤм
֮ɫЩŹ֣û뵽С͵ڤĹϵȻ˸ӡ
ž滰һٻұƭĲԩΣһ̾תȥ
Ӱ˿Ȼڤ뿪˵أҸطȥˡ

磬ܲ
Ҷ֮гصԼĹ
Լʼеʮ˰һȡ
Ȼô˰óһ˰һһεĻᣬǾֵ̫ˡ
Ҷڹ֮У˼⣬֪˱˰ļֵȻɵøס
ĺٽһϾٽߵĺûᡣ
ҲҿһⶫҶȻһĶʱһȱĺɫƣڤ


2031 
ܲһԺڡ
֮ͤУעǰҶ죬΢΢иһĨϷŰ֮ɫڵЦôˣҶͳ죬ѵͨˣҪ쾵ҶһһνĻ᣿
Ҷεҡҡͷ
ŶȻˣ£ңҴһ˰ЦŲҶĻΪȡһ˰ϾڹΣգǿ߱κ˶Ҫס
һǧ߽ܹȡñ˰˶ָһЩǿ۷ǿߡҶһߵʵҲڹȡñ˰
Ҫǣϴ߽ȡ˰ڤ˿϶裬һҪȡ˰Ѷϵᷭӡ
£ôҶ˰ϴҲֻҪҶ֪Ѷ˰ˣҶ춼ҽ⡣
⡭ûȡñ˰
ҶЩε̾Ѿˣ˱˰ϧʵ̫޷Щ˧͹ñ˰㶪Сһ˻
ţ
΢΢һĿͻȻҶ죬ӿһĨ֮ɫ⣿˱˰
Ҷ˵ͷ
ɻؿҶ죬˵ڤ˳ģǣΰ쵽ģ
ϴ뿪ܲܵħһλߵĽɱҳͳش·Ͻɱˡ֮УҵõҶ˵óǿȱĺɫڤ
ڤ
ͫһ֣Ҷеڤ䵽С
ڤѾȱˣǺεȴڣһӾϳöڤ
Ҳ֪ڤҶװ¶֮ɫ漴˵Ҳǽ֮ôƷһֻС״
Ҷֿʼ˵ˣž滰һٻ޷֮ǰûƭһӣһƭһƭ
ڤ˵ͷ漴Ҷ죬ɫЩŹ֣ȱڤѾѰ˺ܾˣȴû뵽ħŵİò˵СãûĻڿѾڹˡˣδ߶ģ
ǿߵʵϴҶܲܵߵĽɱǡáһ
ֻּǲƤȥߵսǶԷܲ֡
Ȼ֪ڤĻͳˡ
ҶЦҲǾ˶飬֪ϲܴ߶ҲС⣬ûеһʱɱҡ
ЦǺǵڤЩСϴɱߣǿӲֵһᣬЩˡ
˵գ̾ϢϧˣǺʮƽ⣬ҲΪȡһ˰ˡʵվ̫ˣӵƣҲ޷ԸЩ˵ǸĹ˧
ͳ۷ǿߣʵǿ߶ڤ϶ǿ࣬Թ˧ҲвҶ˵ͷͬ
Ҷ죬ٿ˿еڤȻҪôȡһνĻ᣿
ټ쾵һ֪ɷͨ£Ҷ첻ҿ϶ȱƵļֵ԰쾵һҲˡ
ԹЦѵ㲻֪Ҷ˭ҪΪڤҾһΡ
£Ҷһ㶣Ȼ
ҲǸ粻ã֪Ϊ˻ñ˰λǿ߿ɶ˺ܴıǮЦ
Ҷ΢΢һЦҵǳ
ǰܺáڤһ쾵ȻˡҶ죬̲ס˵Сӿ϶ˣӰ
ˣֶ翣ѵĴڣҶЩȻ
֣صģһλ˵˽磬ܹӦõ˵Ĵڣ翡
Ҷ˼ص˵ͷϸԼȷһ򶼲Ȼ˺ܶΣҪͷʤ
ˣЩ֪ҲûãǸϽɣϣһο߾硣˵սڤȻ֣
ǰϤʯҶ컳ż̤С
ȻһЩۣվǵڶ̤
߾磬ǰ


2032 
֮УҶϥ̽״̬
˵һνľ飬Ҷβ˷ʱ䣬ϾˣŹһ˿һʱ䡣
һռҶоռԽԽǿѾԶԶĵֻǿĻűռǿˡ
Ҷռܼ
Ҳһ죬ҵռܹһǿ󣡡ҶȻһǿҰģĿ̫ʵˣϾͳ߽ΰڣ˭ܳԽ
Ҳ
ҶҲԼռĳɳǱΪǱ޵ģռﵽһ߶ȣδزںϻ
һǧ߰
ǧ
ǧ

ڵЧʵ̫ˣռĲںϣҶܹܵռϲãǿҲԽԽ
䣡
ռɹںǧŰپʮ֮ȻһһǿĵҶչ¶һͬһĳ磬ᴩ˻ޣںڰ֮䣬ɢźƴĿֲϢ
ںǧŰپʮµռ
ʱռ֮ǿ󣬳ԽҶ
ЩģĻҲ˰ɣҶʱǳ𺳣ЩģϢǰռ
ȻֻģļٵĻĻҶռڻ޷ͻᲢۡ
Զ׼ӵռҶ죬൱һڲϵģ𺳡
Ҫ֪ģҪܴĴۣʱ޷Ҷռȴһ򴴳ĵԼһˣܹʱ̱֣ûκθá
𣿡
ҶȻЩԺˡ
ڵƺһ㣬Ҳǿˣ൱ڱĳߡ
ռĿֲȴеߵսһ㿴ҶƺĽ߾磬ϾʵһΣҪ֪ڴ֮ǰ˲ħľžŹһ֮ӵеߵսԼõˣǾ޴Ľ
ȻʱҶʹð˲ħľžŹһ֮ôʵߵߣټһܹѹƵ˵ΪսЩֲˡ
ҶҲԼһĵطǾ޷ģǵģߣ³߶ģҶȴ޷ģ⡣
Ϊǧǧĸ߲Σ˱ͨǧģһαĻӶӵгԽս
ȻҶ˵ռѾںǧŰپʮʲôǧûϵˣģ
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ҶԼʱĴŴˣʱѾˡ
ɣǿߣʶ㣬ӦܹڵҶգ߳
⣬ҲǰҲܺҶߺ󣬻һﵽʲô̶ȡ
Ӧûе߰ɣ츳ʹҲˡ
ʱҶڻ߳
ĿһܵҶϵϢƺֻǳߣȴЩһﲻһȻһӿ
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Ȼ֮ϷӿޱߵĻɢȥһɿµĴ֮Яѹ
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㵵̧ͷŲ֮¶Ļг˲˼飺Сӵ׸ʲôȻѻˡ
ͬʱո߳Ҷ죬Ҳ̧ͷͷϿ¶ĻֲֿϢЩڸոյµռڲȻ¶һ־µĸо
䣡
ڴʱкһִѪɫĿҶ죬ֿµ׵֮ѪɫĹ⻪бͷųһɴݻһеĻϢ
ãǻףСӸϽ뿪˵ء죡״ʱɴ۾𾪺Ͳ⡣
ô£ҶҲһܵǹѪɫĿɱߵߵܲΪƽء
ֻΪѪɫɱ
ߣ
ҶȻгɻ󣬵Ҳڴ˵أǹѪɫܲҪθ
Ҷ켸գһ뿪ܲ
Ҷ뿪Ӱ΢΢һЩȡţҲһҶ뿪
ͬʱܲϿյĻѾʧˣѪɫҲʧ


2033 
ʲôˣ
ÿֲѹǻ
ô£Ȼˡ

ڻٵʱܲ߶ˣЩ֮⣬ʣµ˶ǿѹѹſڵϡ
ʹǣɿµѹ֮£
ҶȥҲʧˡ
ŵǣµվ̧ͷ֮ǰֵĵط
Ǳߣ
ʲôǿĹˣ
ǿߣһ㶯˵ҵֻ

Щ˻ΪŪĶҲǺģϾǿǻҲû
ͬʱھܲʮڹһƬ֮УҶδӻ˳
¡¡ڲϿգҲ¶ʱҶ죬ȥţ޷ѡ
䣡ѪɫԽ˲գʱǰֹͣˣǿҶϣ˺ҶϵĻսף嶼һС롣
ۣ
ҶѪɣڲԶֹסΣæ޸壬ɫȻ̧ͷ֮ϵĻﻹѪɫ
ʲô٣˽߶û٣Ϊһ٣Ҷɻ
ʱҲˣӰͣڲԶգҽӽ˵أ±ǣ
Сӣǻףǻյ񷣣רźɱЩΥƶ顣Сӵ׸ʲôȻ˻סԶ
ҶЦҲҾ߾磬ˡ
Сô߾ģȻľȷﵽ߾磬ȴܲһ˿ǧϢɻ
ռΪ壬ںǧŰپʮ˳߾ġҶ콫Լռ˵˳ռȻڼ亱߽ȴ϶ˣԷǿߣ϶ߡ
ɫһ䣬漴̾˿ĿЩӵؿҶ죬ҡͷС̫ˣֽߵķͱ˲һѾһµĽߵĵ·
Ҷһ㶣ԼȻһµߵ·̫˼ˡ
СӣַҲᵽܶҲ֪ȴۣû˳Թ˵֪Ϊʲô𣿡
̫ˣںҪɹ̤߾磬֪Ҫȵ¾硣Ҷ˵
˵ͷ˵֮һʹַߺʵᳬԽͨһΣӦøоˡ磬ЩвٶģȻ·ʵΪǻǻأ
Ҷҡҡͷ
ɣΪ·ȻΪǿߣյĳɾҲֻ߾ˡΪҪΪǿߣѾȴ˻Ҫ
Ҷͷһͻһ֮ǰûпǹϾʱֻһῼǵǿôԶ
ĻҶʱסˡ
ǰγΪǿߡ
Զ˵߽ǻͳܵģе鶼˵ǻĺӣѾ˻߽һˣʶŻᷢ׺ɱ㡣
Ļո£ڶѪɫٴνˡ
һҶ׼ʩչ˲ħľžŹһ֮Լʵ˸ߵ߼ȻתͷųɫĹâƾǿͷӲסһס
Сӻ⣬ѹеĵ·ʹɹνѡȵһеߵʱ򣬻ȻĨɱ㣬ԺΪÿһΣҪԻ׵ĺɱҶ챬ǿʵЩ̾Щź
ҶЦԤϵ֪Ժνǿ߾磬ҪһδεĿ½ѣǱߵ˼㡣
䣡䣡䣡
׼Ҷ졣
ҶƾžŹһ֮һεսֵסһĹȵ󼸵׺ܵش˲ء
Щ׻ǿֲû˲ħνѾ޷ɹˡҶ찵ľͬҲЩҡ
˲ħǺķҶ첻ٹûа׷ѡ
ֵջʱˡ


2034 ѵĵ·
䣡
һ֮Ҷνڶɹˣ֮ϵĻҲʧˣػƽ
طգҲָ
˭Ҳ֪һλ񷣡

Ҷʱ֮УһֻʣؿڴϢţɫҰףϢ˼㣬һɱˡ
ǻ׵Ŀ£ҲҶܹסСǱĸߵߣ¶Ҫɱ
ҶҲ˵òأûһʱ޷ָˡ
ˢ
ʱԶ̤ƿռ˹˿ޱҶ죬üͷ΢΢һ壬漴˻֣޾ʱӵҶȥ
ţ
Ҷܵǿʱһϲ֪ڰԼתϢЩյĸɸɾڿٻָ
һҶƾͻָ˴룬ʣµһѾûдˡ
֮ЧİͬʱҲΪҶ졶Ϣһ˵ļƷ
״ɵ̾ǴԺġϢ綼õ˹гһԲ磬ǿһжɱ㡣
ҶٺһЦվл
ֻǽˣϾŵˡ˰֣漴Ҷ죬˵ܹԼʵҲû뵽֮󣬾ȻӵпȸߵߵսĻξԶס׵ĺɱ
˵һ̾Ҷ죬Щź˵ϧߴ˵·㲻ҲǿߵķԺһδλ׵вҵҲˡ
ҶԺٺЦҲΪǿߡ
Բ÷ص˵ͷ˵ȷΪǿߣҲֻߣǿǰǿҲֵһᡣ
Ҷüѵ·ûа취ǿҲ˵ˣһЩ֮УҲм·ѵûҪνǿ𣿡
ԳеУֻһ򣬶Ѷ̫ˣ֪ˣҲֻľ
ָ㣡Ҷ칪ᶨ
״ͷ̾ðɣҾ͸㡣
΢΢ͣƬ̣˵ռΪѾںˣҪǿ߾磬ΨвϵռƿıϣǿӲİ취Ӳ棬ΪǧһһҲͼӵ˻ȻҲͽ߾硣
Ȼ˵ֻۣҲû֤ʵϾû·
ſڽҶ죬ҡͷҪƿϣһǿ߶ûеҾҪ߾ǲܵģļҲˡ
ԭˣˣлָ㡣Ҷ֮󣬳ĬƬ̣漴м
Ȼѣһ򣬻ûҶô
Ҷ뵽ԼռʱעԼҪһѵĵ·û뵽ô飬·ϣҲԼ˰ɡ
һɹģҶ찵¾ġ
Ҷܲ
ԺУŶҶ죬Ц˵Ѿ߾磬쾵׼ôã
Ҷ˵ҲҪʵӦʸ˰ɡ
ţǿˡ˵ͷ漴˵ɣһҴãұϵźħţʱǽ򡣡
ţģϣܹһЩʱ䣬ҪˡҶ˵ͷ˵
Цʲôʱ׼ˣٰ쾵ҡ
ǣҶͷ
ţô᣿ȻҶ쿴ɫһ䣬вɵ֣Ƿʲô飬λǿ߶ɫ
ôˣҶ첻ԡ
ɫص紫Ϣ˵ǹ绹йħ磬ʼ໥ںˡԤƣҪ˶ãͻͬһˡ
ҶɫҲһ䣬˵ҽʱǻĽͺҽںˣ⡭⵽Ƿʲô飿ѵҲҪں𣿡
Ҳ̫ȥɣⲻԹܵ飬ҪȥʹЩϼһ˰֣漴ֱ뿪ˡ
Ҷ״ֻ뿪Ժ䣬صԼסĹ


2035 չ
ҶߵϢв߶һЩ֮ǰͬ˼µսǸﲻ
ҶסĹʵһӣֱ򷢵ЩݷõĿ֮ʱָƣϤĿǰľʵ
šϢڣҶƻָĺܿ죬Ԫͳ׻ָˣڸԼľ硣
µռӵгԽǿʵҶڻʱ佫µռԼĳɳϣ֮ڣʹѵ׻۷徳硣
֮⣬ûоƣԺŹҶҲڼʼʮ㡣
֮ڵҶæҪҪÿ춼֮С
ϲÿʵھֳʵĸо
ȥ飬ҶڲżԼʵ˵˵ˣΰŽˣ֮⣬˶۷弶ǿߡ
Ҳ˵ÿһ˶ҪҶǿʵᱦ
ҶܲѾ߾磬ǲǰˣһʱҲûйϵ
ҶȽԺŹȥǳǿ񾳽ˣǴﵽһµĸ߶ȣҲǳĿֲЩǳĿ졣

ʱһԪһԪĹȥˣҶѾµռѳɳչֳǿҶܾϲѵսͻٴˡ
ҶصԺŹΪǿԵʣڡջñ䡷泹չֳ˳ǿ츳ûƿһˡջñ䡷ĵʮ㣬ʮ㡢ʮ߲Ҳܿ챻ɡ
ʱŹҶɵʮ㡣
Щĵʮ˲ѵģҶɵʮ߲㡶ջñ䡷֮󣬾ͺͻƵʮ˲ˡ
ԴˣҶһ䡣
ϧˣҵġջñ䡷ûͻƵʮ˲Բ磬ȻĻҵĻýвЩ۷ǿˡҶչЩź뵽
Ȼܵ˵һαչأҶ컹Ƿǳġ
ҶƣڵսȫԻɱһλߵߣ۷ǿ߶ܶݵؿ⣬پԷҲᱻԷɱˡ
ǿ֮£ܹɱҵˣѾָˡҶ¶ǰδеš
Ҷ첢ûнǳվֻߣֻгΪǿߣվ߽Ķ
һ죬һΪǿߡ
ҶԼģǰ·ôѣԼܹɹ
޵еţݴ½ʼһӡ
һһӡڸȥˡпһҶʰ飬ڵԺȥ
ŵͳ죬λܸߣֱ
һȻˣԶһϤӰһĽҶ뿪ıӰ
ǰĶӰү
ѾעҶܾˣֻҶһֱչ񷽲ųء
Ͻȥ֪ͨסүջĿ⣬ŰĹɹȥΪܲ󷨷ڴ˵ظ޷ŲƣҲ
ȻҶֶյ˼µˣſõ
ףףүܽæ
֮УڱĿޣ۾үʱüͷһ壺㲻úʲôҶСӶѾ߾ˣΪƽƽˣȴʮ֮磬Ϊ涼ˡ
ȻҲͷԼˡ
ףⲻҪõȵʱһЩүƲƲ죬漴뵽Ҷ죬æ˵ף˵ˣҸղſҶˣǵļƻǲҪʼˣ
ʲôƻƳ˰үһۣߵҶСûн߾綼еߣڿºΪҲ಻ˣһô쾵
ףϵһλ۷ǿ𣿡үɻ
ɫһŰүŭ˭˵ģҹȥҺúûн֮ǰ뿪ܲ
ףүʱסˣ֪ԼΪηŭ
ŭȵ
үʱŵӳȥ
ŰүıӰŭݣһ̾¶һĨ֮ɫ
ȷȥϵһλ۷ǿߣϣԺһֶԸҶ죬쾵
˭֪λ۷ǿ߲ͬôΪԷҶǱ츳ǿҶ졣
֮λ۷ǿߣԷûͬ⣬ҾɶһǲҶ졣
ŷ֣㱼䣬ҶѾɳ۷ǿ߶ɵĵزˡ
ѾҶ쾵ˡ
ΪѾǲõġ


2036 Ҳ
ˣҲܽһҲԽ۷徳硣Σ±۾
ѾˣȻѾκβҶ죬ǾͲҪȥҶˣֻƽ޹ʶһˡ

һԺҶݼ
׼ȥ𣿡ҶʵȻ֪ߵ⡣
Ѿ׼ˡҶ˵꣬Ͱ쾵
쾵ҶͷȥϢɣһʱ䣬һ֪ͨȥ򡣡
ǣҶ˵ͷȴû뿪Ǻʵ֪˴ںϵԭǷѾ֪
ǺǣЦЦЩϷŰؿҶ죬˵СӲŸոս߾磬͹ȴ𣿡
ҶڨڨһЦҲֻǺѣ룬˴ںˣĽҽҲںˣǲҲͻĽ硢ҽںϣ
ɫصĲǶԵģѾͻĽںϵˣʱǺҽһսú׼°ɣȡڴ֮ǰһЩʵ
ҽսΪΣҶԲɵȻ
Цһںˣһ磬ô˭˵㣿ǣҽ磿ǵôŻ֪
ҽһλĽҲнҶɻ
ԹЦѲΪǱûн𣿡
ҲнҶ𾪵
ҡҡͷЦȻûнȻܹڣܹ֣ȻҲнǿ֧֡ҿ׵ظ㣬ıһλ֧֡
ҶԺȻǾλʲôʱôֵǮˣ
һȵͻĽںϣ˭ֵܵҽҲֵסɡ
ߵĲпᣬʱĽ磬ҽ磬ȻͿ̿ɱ¾ɺӡ
Ҷһɲ뿴鷢Ӳ뿴Ľӡ
һССߣʲôֹ
Ľִ߶飬ο
ҶֻϣһܹЩ㹻ʵȥӦһС

ڵԺҶرĳأͻȻԼʵ̫ˡ
ϣ㲻ҪʧҶ찵뵽ڴ
ʵҪʵ

֮ڹ㳡ټеͳ졣
㼸λߣȫ
ҶҲУҿһЩˣ۷ǿߺʮа죬˾˼
ֻҪŵߣǱչصģģϻˡ
֮˸ҷ

һǿҪɱ˭뿪磬Ӳһ֡
ҶϵܣټΪʲô飿˼˹˵Ҳ˺ܾˣĳ棬ȴҲǺټ
ҶЦһˣ͸Ӳ֪
˼һ㶣漴뵽ҶŽͳʱ̣ܶʱɹȻЦϸҵǲˣ˵ҶϵпҲͳ콻ڹչˡ
֪ˣϸ硣ҶЦЦ
ʱ˼Ȼˡ
Ҷ̧ͷˣзǳ𺳣ϢƲڣۿͲ֪ǰһˡ
Ϣ̶ֳȣҲֻǿ߿õ
ݼ
˽ǹ
һΪȡ
ǿߣһ
°ɣ˰֣Ŀɨڳˣȷȱϯ֮ſ˵
Ҳ£еóӣеֱڵϣеڰУһǳɢҡ
Ҳǣϣ޾ġ
΢΢ƳһȺеҶ죬漴ó쾵˵쾵һѾҵõˣӵ쾵Ҳӵĸ׼ˡ

㳡϶ʱһƬ
Ĵ˵ܹ㣬ûһ߲֪ģû뵽ʧµһ쾵Ȼõˡ
Ҫˣһ޴Ϣ
ʱһ߶ڴԼѡϡ
ȻЩߺеǣûôص˼ˣǾԼ϶ᱻѡϡ
Ϊħźŵ٣ֻôǿ϶ɳǿ˽пֶ飬ôҲֻɳǿߡ
۷ǿߣȻġ
Ȼ̹۷ǿߡ
󣬵һʱȺеҶ죬˵һҶ죡
䣡㳡ԣʱһƬ
ҲȺУһӰЩվе
ǰ졣


2037 
ڳ˵ע⣬˵ĿⶼǷǳȣȻ˸ҷǲ
Ҫ֪Щ۷ǿߣһҶʱЩüȴûпڷ
Ϊŵĵλϣʲô飬㶼ֻĻǺԿ³һܲҡ
ʵϣ˿ѾˣΧĿ⣬жʱһԼ̫嶯ˡ

찵
һֱ²ϣжһЩΡԣһҶʱжʱΪԼ۷ǿҲͰˣϾʵΪҶֻһոսĳߣƾʲô
죬ΪβʱϷĿؿ˹Ǳðľ
ȺУҶ찵Ц
ȻкڣҲ֪ˣӲͷƤ˵ˣ²ǲǵŵ档
Ŷô˵һϷŰ֮ɫ
ҲŰ죬֪ν͡
æ˵һźšħһŻõ࣬ӵĸ뿴źħҪջôǱȻҸ϶ǲǿ۷ǿ߽ȥʱĸ۷ǿߡҪǿ⣬֤ƣҲǲĸ۷ǿ߲С
Բ÷
ΧЩЩͷϿɰĻЩĬκ
Ų˵æ˼ӵĸʱźħţǾͻΪЦȫް
ŶԭڵŵӰһЦ漴ָȺеҶ죬˵ҸһᣬԻҶ죬ܴҶ
ĿһͣʱɫЩɫѿΪĻ֮壬Ӧս֮ǰĽʲôʱ˶ֻ֪ǼҶΪʲôν档
Ļ˵һͬҶһսĻӮˣôˡ
ܹʵȻΪ۷ǿߡʱ򣬼Ҳ˳ۣҲᴦңϾŶһ۷ǿߣҲܹǿŵơ
ƺ˵Լ뵽
뵽һҧ̧ͷΪţԸҶһս
ʱƤԼڴ֮ϣ˵ˣΧǣһĵؿ졣
ȴǲںΪ˽۷徳磬ҲǻȥˡңֻҪԼΪ۷ǿߣôԺ˭ҶԼ
ΧЩߣʱʮλ۷ǿ⣬ʣµ˼Ҫͷ
վһǿΪ硣
ãǿʼɡ˵
ʱȺУҶҲ˳һ̤˻ա
һȥ
߼ǿƻܴǵ뿪ܲȥս
ΧЩߺûиŹȥǵʵֱӾͿԿգ۹ۿԶս
嫵ĻУҶͰ˴ӡ
죬Ϊϴˣħսһ۷ǿ͵ϮңԳ֣ԭΪ쾵
ҶŶİ죬ЦҺܺ棬㵽ô֪ӵ쾵ģ
ڴΪ첻˵
ȻĻǳһĨЦҶ죬µĺôȴǽˣ˼ɱȴ֪ѾвһУһĻôǰµһţͻᱻ͸ҶӡԣҪ־͵ùԼ̫ˣȻ赶ɱڡ
ҶԻȻ漴м죬ֻҲֻƭƭˣΪʲô㻹֪ҪΪڻǸӣ˼ҲȥӺĲŶԡ
˵ЩѾûˣֻҪҵڻ㣬һ쾵ҵġЦҶ죬Ϊ쾵ܻ쾵ҽ͸㣬磬ǿΪʵܾһС
Ҿһ°ͳʵҶߵ


2038 ս
䣡
һЦؿҶ죬Ӱʱˣͬһ㣬ѸٳҶǰԿֲܺɱ
ߵߵһɣնըˣڵƬشһɾκˡ
ʶҶ첻Ҵ⣬֪Ҷߺ󣬿϶űһе߻ҪǿսһֱȫҶ췭̵ĻᣬͬʱҲչʾԼʵ֤Լʸ
ǷˣԸһ߾Ȼȫ֡Զ߳Ц
Ҷ첻򵥣û治ɫ𣿡Ҷʵ
ܹѡеˣ򵥣˵ðҪùˡЦ
ɣ쵽ǸߵߣҶֻǳߣôѵ漣֣ɵ

Щ۷׷ףҶ쿴֣ԼҲϳˡ
ܰٶȺܿ죬ٶҶǰȴһƶûУյȣҶǿߣ˰ǵٶȣСˣûʲô
ңֵٶȣͨõҶǾ˫
ˢ
ҶŰ죬һ񣬡ջñ䡷Ѿˣһʮô罵٣ͬһӣƸӵĿ¡
Ҷĵʮ߲㡶ջñ䡷Ȼв۷ǿߣǶԸߵѾǣˣһг֣ǰİʱ޾Ļþ֮С
ĹҲҶɵضȥȵ췴ӦʱҶѾɾžŹһ֮ȸߵߵսݺݵغϡ
ͣ
ǣ漣һĻˡ
ǰȳֵģԶȴ챻ҶѪɳȥ
һĻڳһ𺳲ѡ
ǰɣҿ𣿡
⡭ôܣ

Щǲţô˵춼һλǿĸߵߣȻᱻһ߻ˣ˵ȥ˭ţ
û뵽Ҷϵô춼Ķ֣ȺУ˼Ҳһ㵣漴пѡ뵽Ҷ컹ֻµһλսû뵽ڶѾԽ˰죬ֽٶڷǳԼûеҶ졣
ǿطȻһӰս˸ߵ߾硣Զ۷ǿߺʮһ̾ѡ
ԱߵһЩ۷ǿߣҲɫһףΪҪѡҶˡ
ʮЦ˵ҶĻõ۷ǿ߿¶Ӱ죬ȻСǹؼʱȴܹ𵽺ܴá
һλ۷ǿЦħšŵ۷ǿ߽սֻҪҶͷųֻý磬Ǿܹռݾ޴ƣ¾ľԭ򡣡
ЦȻ۷ǿ߼Ц

֮С
ǵѪҺŷŭ۾ŶҶ졣
Ȼû̫ܵصƣǰ֪ղŵһĻ϶ЩǿЩ˿϶ڳЦˡ
ȳֵģֻֻһߣȴˣǶôķ̰
Ҷ죬׼ɣҧгݵ˵гŭ
Ȼһô罵٣Ѱڡ
ɶ񡭡Уҧгݣûʲôãȴǣס󲿷񣬴Ӷʵ
ͺñںͱ˴ܵʱȴһЩ֩סȻ޷˵㣬ȴܷ˺ܶࡣ
ܶ˶ϲõ߽սԭ
ħӡ
Ҷȵ
һָħµܴ͸˻գֱ塣
أòѻþ̶ֳܵȵĹִ֮䣬ֻüһƣͱǹɷƣѪ졣
ҽУԽŭɫȻбǰ߸ˣʵǳ谡
¡¡
һڰ챳ӿ֡
ܴðŭڣѾҪϧһдۻɱҶˡǣҶʵԤϣѣֻģķһۣҲҪɱҶ졣
ߵģĻǳĿ£Ҷ춼ЩĿܵѾ޽ӽ۷ǿߵˡ
֪ҵռΣ
Ҷ찵뵽漴гϣ֮һɿµĵ˺գֱ񷣬ϯ硣
Ҷı󣬽һչֳȴǱȰǧҪƴƥռ
һȴǧ֮ϣǺεȵ𺳣
ԶЩսǶ


2039 ǿ֮
Ȼ̼ʹģˣܴϾҶֻǳߣģĻȻһ߿ģʱ
ţ˾ͿҶչֳǿռ
˶ʱһ
ʲôһߴ㶵
ǿôǿȰǧҪǿࡣ˼һ֮ɫ
һЩ۷ǿɫһ䣬ʵǿ󣬼ʶ㣬֪Ҷߵĵ·
һǧĪǿߵ·ʮͫһ漴Щŵؿ
һԵ۷ǿǣҲ
΢΢Цǲ¶ˣСߵĵ·ǿ֮·
ԭˣ۷ǿ߻ȻѹҶֻǳߣȻͿԷӳս
ϧˣʮҡҡͷЩź̾
ǵĻȻ˵ע⣬ʱ˾֪Ҷߵĵ·ЩǶʱˡ
˵еǿ֮·Ȼô
˵޷ǿ߾磬кã
ߣΪǿôýȻ޷ǿߣȴܹΪߣǿ֮µһˡ
ٻнǿߵϣ

۷׷ףеΪҶеľҶ̫ɵˣиĹ۵㣬˭Ҳ˵˭
ͬʱ֮УҲҶռˡ
ֱЩߵ̸ۣŷӦ֪ҶΪǿˡ
Ҷ죬㻹ĿǳΪ˳ΪǿߣȻԼΪǿߵĵ·һ׳ա̲סЦ
Ҷ˵ĳ治
ɫһҶڼʱãҾͿǿ֮ʲô֮
¡¡
߶Լģѹֺ嫵Ƭն֧飬ƥٶ£Χʱ䶼סˡ
ֻģĻɺǿ󣬱Ͼǧģشһߵߡ
䣡
Ҷ̤еϣ֮ǰնȥһ貵ĵâռΪһ壬һ磬ᴩ˲񷡣
۾һɣŭȵҾͲռܱȻ˵꣬߾ȫڴ߶ģĻѹ¡
ǾԿҶЦеϣ֮ԽҵĵգµϢڵۣ֮Ȼ͵ͷų
˺
һ
һ̣ģĻʱһѷ죬ǿռŰʱշ籩
ⲻܣ״ʱͫš
ģĻȻҶռֱ̫ˡ
ЩԶսǣҲһ𺳡
ǿ֮𣿡
һռȻǿֵز
ֻһߣǵеʱ¶Ժ۷ǿ࿹ˡ
Ϊߵߡ۷أ
ǿĵ·עҪΪǿߡ

ɫһ۷׷ס
֮УҶһնưģĻռҲķеޡ
Ѿ㹻ˣΪѾˡ
֮ǰͱҶˣĵҲҶƣʲộ
⡭ⲻܣڻ֮Уʧȥһį
ߣ
һڿնƳһ۰죬漴Ҷ˵׼һ£ҡ
˵꣬ٶ࿴һۣͷˡ
Щʧ֪Լˡ
Ҷ쵭һЦתȥԶһЩǶӭǳغҶкһЩ۷ǿ߶Ҷǳ
ΪЩ˶ֻҪûнǿߣôһ죬ǶᱻҶ쳬Խ
ǰҶδǿ˭롣
ҶķޣʽˣΪ֪첻Ҷ죬Υ˶֪ˡ

һԺС
Ҷ˰ݼʱѡе۷ǿѾվڴ˵أǿҶ쵽ǳص˵ͷ
Ҷһۣ漴˵Ǹţ֮ҪĿľҵǿȱڤ˭ܹҴڤҾ͸ʮλ֮
˻λ۷ǿ߶ʱĿȣ
ҶҲ𾪲ѣ֮ǿѾ֪ˣǿǼֵһսһε
вȱڤ


2040 ĺ
Ҷ뵽ʣûʲô˼ɡ
ΪóƺЩŴߺ̬ȱ֮ǰúܶࡣ
ҶÿΪԼûнǿߵϣԶûκвټԼԳΪǿߣܴԶԷſԼ
С⵹Ƕ࣡ƳҶһۣ漴ߵߵһֵģɱһλڤʹߣõһڤȻȡһ˰ŵһٵλ֮
ҲΪ˰ǲ֪˰ߵʱڹҲܵ˶λ˧ΧڤˣһȱĲ֪δһȱУӦ򡣡
ҶȻ֮ǰӰõĲȱڤ¾ʧһ顣
Ҷû뵽ǣһ˰ȻԶһһٵλ֮Щ⶯ˡ
ҶڲôΪѾԼûڹȡñ˰ʱó˰
ûĬҶ죬˵ıڤҲźħšصЩ֮ˣߺһһٵλ֮ʵͺǿûùλ֮ڣӦûżʮλ֮Щã˭ܹõ˭ġ
ԣҶڣЩڴ
۷ǿ˵֮ǷǳҪıϾսؼʱܹ
ˣǳɣ漴˻֡
Ҷǹȥ
úһսҶˣʻȥ
սϣҶһȾƣһ¡
ҪǽܸҶʶ˶ŵˣϤĲϤˡ
֮УҶΨһϤһǺʮ
ʮҲõһΪʮʵ۷嵱жǶģеߣʮǰʮĴڡ
ʣµ۷ǿߣֱһһŮеĽͣʵǿͬʱһ󷨴ʦú󷨣ʮҲĶ֡
һŮĽȣǳڻ֣ݺأʮҶԹ磬ƺԹһǿļ壬ǳ
ȻȵʵҲǿ󣬸ҪǣźܶܶĻ֮
ʮ͵͵Ҷ죬һħŵ۷ǿŭ˿ȣ󱻿ȼ˼ʮλ֮ӲغˣӴԺ󣬿ȾͳΪеĽɣΪ˭Ҳ֪жٻ֮
Ҷհ̿ˮ۾ӶɳˣֻǱԷŭͺķѵʮλ֮δҲ̫˰ɡȻôҲ˵ȵĻ֮кܶࡣ
۷徳磬˭ܱ˭ǵһߡߣҲȺʮǿޣһλֲֲ֮࣬һӵ֮۷ǿߣ˭ܲɵ
ȾԲǣҶ찵뵽
ȻҶҲ忨ȣϾ򲻹Ҳʩչߡ𣬳ǿߣ˿ɱˣӵл֮۷ǿҲС

ܲЩƫԶսʻʮԪŵִǰ
ʱħźŵλѡѾһʱˣҶĿȥ˶ɢŲȺʮǿϢȻλ۷ǿߡ
ߣ
ҶԷʱ򣬶ĸ۷ǿҲڴҶǣħŵ۷ǿߣһɫЩơ
ҲǺħźУ˭֪
ģ飡ģ
ȻҶԱߺʮĵɵתͷȥֺʮɫЩأĿŶ۷ǿеһӡ
ҿϱ̬ôˣԱߣҲɫһ䣬
һֱЦݣʲôںĿȣ˿֮жء
ӵʲôҶ̲סʵеߣǸӿͨΪúʮôɵ
ĺģŵǿߣͬʱҲĿǰǿߡʮɫص˵
һԵͲϻ쵰Ѿһֻǿ߾磬ųư벽ǿߣֻʹû֮俹⡣ϼһʵѾȵ߲˵ĿĿ¾ΪڤЩ֮
벽ǿߣҶԵһΪʲôʮôɵǸˣԷԭǿߡ


2041 
ʮþòԶųư벽ǿߵĺӭźʮĿ⣬ЦŴк
û뵽ϼһﶼˣ˵㲻ڱչ׼ǿ𣿡ʮЦ
ĺĵЦĸҲǳԿġ
ԭˣʮЩƵҡҡͷ

ڽ̸ʱҶҲڹ۲⼸ˣһԵ͸ܡ
Ҷ죬ĺԵǸһ𣿡ĿƳĺߵһͷߵһЩǿ
ҶĺߵǸͷԷԵЩûдڸУϾվĺߣЩȻʧɫ
ҶܹѡģûһǼ򵥵ġ
ȻһԵĿȼʲôǿһﲻǳһ壬ʵǿΨһıǶյƿأڴյʱٶȿʮһＴ򲻹ǣҲߡ
εЦЦûзȣȻԿҲЩɵ
һ壡Ҷ΢΢һҲŹԷձͲ̫Զˡ
ˣҶ첢ûйعעˡ
͸ҶħǱߵˣΪŵ϶֣ħҲ򵥡
һʯǻ֮һõԴս壬ƾ豾츳ӵſȺʮǿʵҲͺʮ¡
һ˽֣Թħ壬˵ħһ׺ݵȺڹħҲôĺƽһЩħͷҲڱ
̫̬ˣͱȱǿ󣬶һΪܸߣԴ깥ͨ˵۷ǿߣһѲ
һǿߣҶ˱һۣסˣҲһģǿޱȣֻǳպһ⣬û깥ͨ
˱ֵ깥ͨ»ΪҵһɱﵡҶ찵뵽ڱԴ깥ͨǳ۲
ԴˣҶ˽εĶ֡
ߣҶ죬ʮͺͿĸˡ
ĺĺͽ
ħмʯͱ֡
˶ڣһҲܵźħŵϿСңŵĺ̫ˣһ˾ܹס۷ǿߡ
ħŵ۷ǿҲߣǱ˴˭Ҳ֪˭ʲôɱﵡ
˵ǻɵྯ衣
ʮ˵ܱܲϻˣϽó쾵Ƚ˵Զʯ˺ʮĺĵĽ̸
ʮ俴һۼʯ˵Ǻþûһսˣý
㵽ףʯͺʮ϶ˣҲ塣
ǽȥɣĺҲ˵
ʮŵ˵ͷȻȡ쾵͵
ԶʯĺҲ׳һ쾵
ˢ
쾵ϿշѤõĹâȻһγһĵľӣɽ쾵ȴѾӻΪ׻ˡ
ôҪˡ͸̾
ҶҲǰ
µ쾵һâǰһѷ졣쾵һ澵ͬҶÿһâǷֱڣŴ
ݣ
һ̣˳һƬɫ棬ղѪưΧĴϹͺͺһƬû˿ֲֻһЩʯԵúܻ
ãǱˣ͹۲Ƭ̣漴ɫһ䡣
ԣüͷһ壬ڳ˶֪󷨴ʦ˵󷨣ǿ϶ˡ
ϣһ󷨴ʦܹƵҵĻ𣿡
ڴʱǰİУȻһʵӰҶˣЦţ۾һɱ
ߣ
ʮ۾һɣȵ
ԶЦֻһѣߣ㶼ѾôˣıʲôȰֱӽħŰɣʡǷ
ħŰ˲ˬɣҿɱħŲˣûһ۷ǿߣڿҵԸˡޱ˵
ּһ˶ѣҵҪʲôֶΣɱҡ
ǾͺúһҵĻɣˣ˸ǣҵĻʮŵλ֮߶ģߴЦţӰҲɢ
漴ձøˣһѪɫƶԽԽ࣬ƬնȾѪɫ
ĪѹС


2042 Ž
û뵽ս򣬾ΣƺǺеⰡеɫҶЩʵ
һԵĺʮ̾Ϣ˵һţƺ߽ǿʧܣǿ߰г֡λǿ߾ͲˣҲǲֹһλǿ߳ˣ߲ʹǸ
Ҳ˵ЩС鷳ˡȳ
ԱߵͿЦС鷳Ǵ鷳
һ䣬еЩѪɫƶѾ񷣬ʱһѪɫ⻮գ޾Ѫɫâͬһܼ
ৣ
ѪɫâϢǳǿҶĸӦ֮УһѪɫâܹ۷ǿߵȫһˡ
ڣôѪɫâҶþԼſһ棬սȫҲҪˡ
οЩѪɫâ֪ҪãŶס
䣡
ʮͻȻҶǰ棬ЩѪɫâԿõڲϵغˣǱѪɫâ˵ģϾѪɫâ̫ˡ
ô£ЩѪɫâΪǿߵĻôǿ𣿡Ҳڼѵصֵš
һߣźħŵǿҲڽ߾ȫֵ
Ѫɫâ̫ˣ޾˭Ҳ֪áʱ䳤ˣǰ벽ǿߵĺģֵܵס
ͣ󷨴ʦ֪Ϊ˿£Զĺĺ
ʮҲ͡
ͺҶһʮͿȱţо󷨣̧ͷЦͨĻȷûôԼ֣ǣȻûڣȴʮŵλ֮֮ӦöѪɫ¸ҹŻꡣ
ҹĺɫһ䡣
ԶħŵļʯͱֵһƬŭֹ
ҹʲôЦҸоһСʱ֧ŲסˣǶû֮Ҳְֻܹ֧ʱ䡣Щŵؽе
ߣϻ쵰ӳԶŭôˣôˡ
ʮߵˣ취ɡ
ʲô취Ц
ĺĳʱӦŽᣬٻжԣֻЦǾҪҲҪ˵ﶼûпˣǲɵϡ
ͣʲôİ취ʮʵ
Ҳͣ󷨴ʦӦú˽⡣
ҡҡͷЦоܾˣ󷨸޷ƽ⣬ҲҪƽ⣬ֻҪȴĻ֮ˣ
ϻҹ˭֧ŵסԶı˵
ĺĳ֧أʹû֮һ˿֧Ű죬ڳˣպÿ֧ʱ䡣
ͳ㹻Ļ֮Ҳ㹻Ļ֮ǿûСң߻һߡ
ŵ˶ǰ׳𣿾ȻһҪ𣿡ԶıŭˣҶ죬˵Сӣʵ˵ǲŵˣҪħŰɣұ֤ųȥ
ҶԼȥħţħŲҪɱҵġ
Сӣ㵽˭һ
һԵĺʮЦ֣ˣҶ죬ϴħ֮սɱħŶ׵ˡ
ԭСӣ˵ôô죬û뵽Ҳ߾磬򡣡۾һУҶĿɱ
ȻˣͱųȥˡԱߵļʯҲ䶢Ҷ졣
Ҷ̵ڵĴ˵ɡ
ˣˣǱˣٳǶҪˡĺĴȵ
ҶǿͲ÷󷨣ʱ֧ţӦñͽ֧Ҫöˡ
ɫһϲæ˵һð취һֱ˼ķȴû뵽Ҫ÷󷨵ˡ
Ǿô죬ֵѪɫâǿ㲼󷨣ʲôõĲҲɡʮ˵
ĺĺͱǶûڻԿǿˡ
һ;˵ڻ²ˡ
Ҷʵ˸ˣйԱϢ
֮ڲú˷󷨣ʮһȥ߶󷨣γһԲλ֣˱棬סЩܼѪɫâ
ӹȻɺܹܶ࣬ʡһˡʮ֧һЦ˵
ĺҲЦһǾͿԳɹ֧סҹˡ
ҶһüȻһ͸һôں棬϶иΣڵǡ


2043 
Ҷĵǲûиݡ
Ȼ˺ò֧סҹٴγڰУһЦؿ˵û뵽ȻܹڹؼʱŽôҺڴǻܼܲŽ᣿
˵գƬնȻ˺ѿƱһһ
ʱ綼˾޴Ŀռѷ죬ռ籩ϯһѪɫâ棬Ƶ˲ϵض
ˢ
һ޴Ŀռѷ֮УҶͱһ𱻾˽ȥ
ţȺͽҲһռѷ֮С
ĺĺͺʮͬһռѷ죬ʣµͺͼʯһռѷ졣
ת֮䣬ڳİ˸ˣָұ˴˵˻ͬһ
ߵĿѾˣҪѲͬ˷һǻɱ
ҲźŵĹϵôжԣźħŵˣһС

һת֮Ҷ췢ԼһϣԶһ޴ΰʯڸ߷֮ϣʯڲһλɫˮθն
֮
һ
ԶҲʯʱɫһϲ漴ݡһӳ˳ȥԶʯ
ʲôǻ֮ҶͫһգʧԭأȵٴγʱѾʯ֮УһѾͽǻɫˮ
ôܣ
Զֵɴ۾ŶȻʯҶ죬֮ɫСӵٶô죿
ʼնûаҶ쵱ɶ֣ϾҶֻһߣ츳еҲֻܿеߣǿԿߵߣҲ
Ǳû뵽Ҷٶô죬Լ۷ǿ߻Ҫöࡣ
Сӣҽ֮ڸϵʯǰɭضʯڵҶ졣
Ҷ߳ʯ˵㼼ˣƾʲҽ
ͫһ漴ѪʢŭЦܺãҾ㿴˭ˣСӣҼסˣվǿΪ𡣡
˵֮䣬Ѿˣǹ۷ǿߵչֳǰʯʱը
ҶգŶһ١
ţÿٶȣѵСҲǺͽһһ壿̲סȵ
ߣҶһڲԶʩչžŹһ֮Լʵ˸ߵ߾磬Ļһжס
Ҷʩչջñ䡷űֶһô磬޾Ļý֮С
Ժġջñ䡷üͷһ漴мŹȷϧұʦ̶ֳȵĻþûκô
˵֮䣬һ̤˻þӰ쵽ߵߵĻþȻһöûУΪ
Ҷ찵üֵΪ̫ߣþûá
СӣϷýˡɭЦ
ҲҪҲУҶЦ漴գʧԭء
һ㶣漴뵽ʲôɫ΢΢һ䣺Ȼգ󶼲㡣ֱ£۷ǿߣҲԱˡ
֣֪ҵͺãȰ㻹ǰְɡ߰Ƿֵһ𣬲һλ֮ΪıɱȥĵҶΧ֮
ЦҵȻߵСƲߣɱ㱾ҵĿģСӣΪվǰңڣҿʦտԵס㵲סҵ깥𣿡
ԿҶߵԼΪţȻ๥ͨǿΪ㹻ˡ
ͺñһ˶ԸһɽɽȻᶯ㣬ǷҪһɽҲͬܵġ
СӣʶһҵġС
ЦĻ£֮ӿֳһǿ֮ǿԶԶ۷ǿߡ
ңЩűֵĴ߶ǰ֮γһεУµ˷ɢȥ
ʱҶܵԼ궼˺·Ҫͻȥ
ÿµҪǱģһ˲ͱȥˡҶ찵𾪣ͬʱϴ߶ԼסԼȫʱ̩ɽٲ
ڱֵһͨҶǳ۲Ҳ֮а۲죬ϣԽһС
Сӣҿ㻹
ֶԼͨǳţʱţûпҶ걻ԼʱɫЩѿˣҲЩš


2044 ط
Сӵأ
ôܣ
һߣ츳еǿҲôǿ󰡣ôֵܵסҵУ

ʱţֵɫԽԽѿ
ͬʱֵĶͷѾ˺ˮȻ߶УĸҲǳ޴󡣲ȻĻƾУԳΪǿˡ
ԭҶССĳߣ²Ƭʱ䣬ͻᱻ꣬ѾȥһˣҶûг֡
Сӵĵʲô̬
Σַ˴߶У֮ͣУڴϢţɫޱȡ
ϾټȥԼҪܵˡ
ţ
֮УҶ쿴ʧʱЩˣɵüͷ
ûпأϾޱȣʱڸȻ
գҶ쿪ڼ֣УҲ̫˰ɣƾⶫʦţЦ
СӣҷһҪɱ㣬Ҫɫͷ¶Եúܷŭ
һʦ˭𾴣ȴһССĳ߸ˣʵǳ衣
ɱңͼ߶аʵ¸㣬ҸղѾеˣҪٴ߶һʱ䣬ҾҪˡǿѾûˣҶЦ
ɫһ飬漴ɭЦСӣ̫ˣȻ¶ԼĵߣԼС
ٴʩչУҶĻԼеҲҶ˵ղѾ쵽ˣֻҪԼټӰˡ
ιιιֻǿЦģĵ氡Ҷ״ʱ˵ʵѾЦݣֻǺƭ
£ҶۿУƽеİء
һΪɱҶ죬ҧأӳ˴߶ʱ䡣
ҶҲΪϱ֣ס֣ס֣ɱңҿ԰ǵλ֮㡣
ٺ٣Сӣ֪𣿳ˣԶʱ˷ܵЦѾоЩˣټ߶УҶĻϾ˸ɾ
Ҷҽš
ֽд߶Խˡ
Ҷô˻ᣬþȫڸеİǳǿ󣬱ȱֶҪǿĶֻ࣬Ϊʱ̫ˣû񱴿һͨ
ΪҶվڱֵļϸ깥ͨȻѸޱȡ
ԭˣ־ȻԼĵԵ߶߶Щ鷳ȴ仯һﻹһš
úҶ۾һڸһЩеİء
ҶԼԹһУȷɹˣֻЩСȲϱ֡
Ҷ첢⣬ϾŸոֻҪһЩƾǿ϶ԶԶԽ֡
ˣѧһͨҵս͸ǿˡһʹãԿеĵ˸ͷۣҲ
Ҷ쳩Ц
һ˵ĸʲôҪꡣ
뿴˳ҶĻý֮ʱҪ걻Ҫƽþæңͷʹѡ£˵ս϶ࡣ
ΪҪǣҶǳǿ󣬶۷ǿ߶вһʩչУ±λʦҪơ
ҶŻãѧһУûаһˡ
οҶ컹õһλ֮
뵽֮ҶԲȥŬ߶еı֣ó֮ϸ۲죬⻹һμ֮
ɫˮοȭͷСҶȴһˮ֮иܵ˻ĴڣǹɾĻеľ
ⶫҪǱըˣҿ»ᱻ˲ɱҶ찵뵽
Ȼ֮ǿǷǳȶģٻû˵˭֮ը
ʹû֮Ҳܼ򵥣ֱӽ߶ͷųеĻȻӳԼʩչ棬ʹһ򱶡
Ȼ֮ҲܣͶá
Ļһһ򱶣ʲô۷ǿߵһ򱶣ôͱǿߵ껹ҪǿҪǳǿ߾磬ֵ
Ļǿߵˡ
ιСӣҶ죿ôˣʱţڴ߶еıЩסˣоԼҪִＫˣ֮ܵķˡ
ŶһðоأôҶػشû֮ǰǰ㽹ˡ
ԣûѪ˽ɫ


2045 һս
ð
ҶɵĻ־ɵҲ֪ԼҶϷˣˣԷһ鶼ûУǰ׷һˡ
𾪵ͬʱҲŭԼȻһССĳ߸ˣˣ谡裡
Ҷ죬Һ㲻죡Σŭ
һʦһλ۷ǿߣȻҶ⸱ӡ
ŶҲ찡֮УҶֵĻɫĮ˳ЦȻˣֻɱ㣬ҿɲԺһЩ鷳
۾һУŭ۾Ҷ죬ŭɵļһڸҳеһսұ֤С
㻹ǲҪֻ˵óҳȫ㡣Ҷ伥
һЦҶԼ˵ģֶҼˡ
䣡
Ҷ쿴ı֣ʩչջñ䡷һô磬֡
˵ˣýáЦţм֮ɫһӾͳ˳ʮô綼û赲סĽŲ
Ҷ죬ȥɣóԼ׻һ˫޴ĴӣµܣҶ
һ棡Ҷ
һ̣ε罵٣µñֵٶȼһǿѹѹΪ
̶ʱ䣬־͸оԼΪ۷徳䵽˸ߵ߾磬һʵ࣬ϵغˡ
Ҷȴ˷һͳڱǰеϣ֮Яſֲռű
䣡
ִ֮䣬ֻ˫ֵռֲ̫ˣټϱһѹƣʵҶһɳȥǶɢ˿˿Ѫ
ôܣ𾪵ŶҶ졣
ҶϸֳһĨ֮ɫ˵Ϊֻǲһõĳ߹𣿡
ɫСˣû뵽Ÿս߾粻ãȻʵղŵѹʲôͨиܵǲǴĻý硣
Ϊһ׳յĸ𣿡ҶЦٴλӵɱϴκͰһսûʩչһ棬ϾԷҪơ
Ա۷ǿߣҶͱñ¶еƣսˡ
Сӣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣΪҵĶ֣ôӶ˫Ҷ켤ҽս
ǽµѾˣ˻֮Уɱ
ȻһѹƣֻܷӳߵߵսҶڣҲֻܷӳߵߵս˫ɱҶֻռһЩƣ޷ɱش֡
ͬҲκβҶ죬˽֡
Сӣ㳹׼ŭˡֺȻǧչ֣һɿµۡ
ҶĿű֣Цģ𣿡
˵ͬʱҶҲڴ߶ԼռǺޱߵĿֲ⣬ıֶˡ
ǿֱֵ֮۾ڿҶǿԭЩŵ˵ӣȻ·ѵ㲻Ϊǿ𣿡
ǺǣǲڿԹĵġҶЦ
ãҼʶһǿ֮Ҳܹǿ
ϧģĻǼٵģҵռʵġҶЦһ߶ռŶıײȥ
˶˵ҵҪʲô죡ŭŴ߶ģĻײҶ졣
¡¡
һ˲䣬ռͻײһƬնױˣƬҲڱ
Ƭ֮ҶռͱģĻͬʱʧ˭ҲûӮƽʤ
ɶ񣡡ֿһĻЩҧгݣȴ𺳲ѡ
ǺǣҶЦݣû̫ʧϾֻǳߣԷ۷壬ܹһѾԤ֮ˡ
󣬵ľһʱôʹ۷ǿģĻҲ޷ռˡ
Сӣ˵̫磬ղŵıըѾˣӵ۷ʵˡɭЦ
һ棡Ҷ쵭һЦٴδ߶һ棬ֵʵѹȥ
ֵЦݶʱ̣һı飬ҧгݣðɡ
Ҷ쵭Цأ
Уҧгݵŭ
Ҷ켥㲻Ǳ֤𣿡
ҾҪãܵҧҰѾˣ֮ǰôҲû뵽Լһߵսѳ
ҶЦȻˣҲֻʹһˡ
˵գڱ𾪵ĿУҶҲʩչС
ʱ޴Уͷųµ


2046 Ƽ
У
Ҷʩչֶʱɴ۾š
УǱԴͨ磬˲֪˲
һͨѾΪֵĴˡ
ǰССĳߣȻҲʩչһС
ñָоЩʵôܰ
֣ôҵΣλʦһ¡ҶڲԶЦ
ҧгݵ˵ôһУ
ҶҲûЦ֮ǰ߶˵ҲҵʦˣҿɲẰʦ
˵ƾۿоѧˣЩš
ȻأҶЦ
ҧɫǿ츳ò˵Сˣ˶Сˣѹָǿ֮
㻹ʲôֶΣҶϸؿ򱴿֣Щˣû뵽ԼֶսѾѹһλ۷ǿˡ
ʵѾվ߽۷壬棬ֻǿߺͽˡ
ߣҶ죬ҳҪңǲܵġŭȵ
𣿡ҶԼ߶Уڼ۲챴ֵУеõȻǿԼС
ǣʱţҶԽԽǿʼԽֵˡ
㡭㵽׸ʲôּ״ʱ
ҶЦôǰ߶УûһɳǶԲλʦ
㡭Եһû뵽Ҷ츳ǿ̶ֳȡ
ǣزҲУϾֻҪһҶսУԻɱˡ
ԭˣ㲻õ߶꣬˻㰡֪Ǵ߶ռУʲôЧ
ãҶȻйâʢЦ˵
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ʲôû뵽ҶǿʱоԼ˵궼ҪȥһսٴαҪ䵽е߾硣
֣ȥɣҶûӶϣ֮ɱռϣ֮ǳֲ
ˣ
ָܵѹƣ֪ԼڸҶĶ֣ȥԼɡ
ֻܶû֮ˣЩĵ뵽ǿȣҲĺģӵеĻ֮ޣһξһΣû취Ĳ붯ãĵơ
ѾҶƵˡ
䣡
ֲԥȡһλ֮ȼһ̣ӿֳһɿµϢֱӾͽҶһˡ
Ŷʹû֮𣡡ҶüͷһһĨЦԼһ汻ƵûκεľȣԷʹû֮֮С
Ҷ죬ھԵǰվҪҲʹû֮ҲΪһССĳ߻ӵеĻ֮ҪöࡣЦʹû֮Ϣǳֲ֮ǰĺĻҪǿʢ
ǿ°ҶܵϵǿϢЩпѣ֮Ȼ˿ֲѹô߶Ҫõ֮
Ҷ죬ȥɣֲٷϻǿɱڻ֮ļӳ£ﵽһֲĳ̶ȡ
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űֵĳ֣ΧƬն鿪ƥƵͬӷ籩ϯ硣
ɻҶϢĸоͺ񵱳ڹһԶԶԼĿǰڲεһҲֵס
ȻסǾ߰ɣ
û˿ԥҶգ˲Ϣ֮䣬Զ˴˵ء
һҶ첻ԭأΪʹ֮УҲֵס֮ܣնܻĿ
վǿߣֻܷӳ֮ȴ޷ӵٶȣӲսֹ
ԣҶɵ뿪˴˵أٴγʱѾһƬİĻˡ
֪֮һȼվ޷ͣٺ٣˷һλ֮϶۰ɡҶ찵Ц
ʵҶµĺܶԣҶ뿪֮󣬱־ŭѣֱðɡ
Ҷ죬ų򣬻쵰ɢǿϢ֮нʼûҶĻӦ
֮£ֻܲĵˣҼһȵĻ֮ȼ֮ҶٴλҪ˷һλ֮
־Ⱥͼʯͣʱ򼯺˵ҲɱҶ졣


2047 ٴμ
ûɱ֣Ҷ첢ûκεĿϧԷϾһλ۷ǿߣһл֮ȷڿɱġʵϣܹռϷ磬ѾǺֵø˵ˡ
ţֵϢʧˣ
ȻҶһȻԶ˱֣ͨյգȴһֱܹӦֵϢ
ֲµûҶڵȴֵĻ֮ȼȥ鷳˷ѻ֮
ȵֻ֮ù֮ǾǱֵڡ
ϧҲŻ֮ȼգֱ뿪ˡ
ڻ֮ļӳ£ֵٶȺܿ죬ҶûеõԷ׼ȷλʱǺҵõԷġ
֮£Ҷֻ÷ɱֵĻˡ
ǰİĻգҶüͷθʮǻأ
Ҷóŵƣм¼˺ʮǵӡǣϵ
ȻƬĳǵϵʽ͹Щƣ޷ϵ
ҶֻĿĵƬ֮εš
ΪԼ̽ķΧӹ㷺һЩҶͷųԼİ˾ħһ̽Ƭա
ٶȣֻҪһħκεջϾֱӸϹҲܹʡһЩʱ䡣
ţ
⡭
Ҵǧ֮̽ƬյҶȻɫһ䣬͵óƣͫ΢΢һ
ʮӡʧˣҶϸ̽ӡǣʱɫд֮ɫ
һ˵˵ӡʧֻԭһ־Ǵ˽ǿ߾磬ʱճӣӡȻʧһ֣Ǿˣǲӡǵġ
ʮȻ۷徳磬ʵǿ󣬵Ҫ˵ʱڽǿ߾磬ҶǲŵġԷҪǵ˽Ҫͷ򣿶ڼҰıչأ
ԣʮпˡ
Ժʮʵ˭ܹɱҶ첻Щ
ʮ۷ǿߵжڼһҶһпѹƱ֣ϺʮֻܱסԲռϷ硣
οʮΪǿһ۷ǿߣΪʵµսӵвٵĻ֮
ʮϻ֮ǿ֮⣬˭ɱ
ѵĺģҶв²⣬ĺģܺʮԣҪ˵ɱʮǲܵġʮҪӵĻĺҲֻ̾˫ʵûвô
ĺĻһ֣ΨһĿܡ
ˣ뿪˵زҪ顣ҶҡҡͷֻΪ棬̫ǣʮˣҲֻЩ̾ѣϾ˴ûôĽ顣
ͣ
ڴʱҶǰ֮УȻһš
ǣҶüͷһ壬ܿ뵽пŪģȻ򣬻˭ֱ£
ȥҶ΢ԥƬ̣ǾȥϾǴƬϢգЩˡ
ȻҲҶոߵ󣬲κεΣա
Ҷ죡
Ҷո߽ţһϤ
ͣ
ҶȥԶͺͿվһԴɫصŲԶĺĺͽ󣬶һߣбֺͼʯˡ
ףСӾȻţЩȡ
ʱҶĳ֣˵Ŀⶼ
Ҷ쵭Ƴһ۷ŭı֣漴ǷȥҴ˵ء
һΰĹڲ޴ڲռֱһʱšħźŵˣ˴˾衣
Ҷ죬û£̫ˡȵҶʱͶʱ¶Цݡ
һԵĿߵһССĳߣʲôǱܴҲﲻǣܻܲųȥһ⡣
ЩΣҶڨڨ⣬ΪʮЩ꣬ӦҲ֪ˣʮˡ
Ҷ˵ͷû⿨ȵĻʵ֪ʮô𣿡
˭Ƕĺģؿĺġ
ҶҲĺġ
ĺȻҲǵ̸û˿ЦãµشȻᣬܴȣ㲻ҲԽ𣿡
һԵĽԣԿŭĿӡ
ߣһЩĵ˵Ҫһܹˣɱˡ
ҪŻ֮࣬㣿ŭط
ĺİ˰ֹ֣ȤؿҶ죬Ц˵Ҷ죿˵㣬˵ϴħ֮սսŷΪʤҺܺ棬ֻһߣôӱֵߣ
ҶԿ˲ԶıһۣûнԼʵ¶϶赶ɱˡ


2048 µ
䣡
Ҷ׼ӦĺʱϷȻһ¶ߵӰɨڳһۣЩüǲ۷ǿߣҪɱҲһˡ
Եߣŭ㵽Ҫʲô
ߵЦʲôȻҪɱǣ˵ˣǶ
ƾһˣ̲ס̵
ߵƳ˱һۣмһ߶κβ˵ˣʲôʸ˵
һֶʱŭ
ڳĺġ󣬻мʯ͡ȵˣЩȵؿҶһۡ
Ҷ쵭һЦûж˵
ɨҶһۣ˵׼ȫɱģڸıˣҾһ˼̳ҵıҲýҵĹ󡣱ϾҿɲȵԺ˻ߣҲΨһˡ
ȻֻҪһ˻žˣΪ˽ʣµɱҾǵìܡ
˵գһʱһɫƣǲȱģֻһڤ֡
ڤ
ɫȱƣ̲ס
ڳˣĿȫеĺɫȱƣһĿ
Ͼ˵ĿģΪơ
Ȼֻܺǵһʮλ֮õƣͿԵƽȥժȡ˰ʱһ˰ܹȡһٵλ֮䡢أ
˵ƴž޴ıء
ΨһƷˣֻҶˣǷǳƽ⣬Ҳܵõ˰ɱ֮
˲֪һۺ첻ѣеƣһǿϢ׼ᡣ
Ǻǣ˵ĿľΪưɣȻˣҾ͸ǣֻһȴηأ
ЦŶơ
ǹ壬ıڳ˶֪ΪƴȴֻӭߣϾǶ޷ڤ
Ҫǣֻһڤ޷䣬ֻܿʵˡ
󣡡
߶ڤͬʱԶĺĶʱȵ
ףЦһֱӴգٵִڤԱߣڤץС
ĺļ״ʱ¶Цݡ
ŽĿģΪһĻ
ԽٶȣټĺĵʵŶڤڱصá
ҷʯҲ˳ȥɱʯһĹâ˵徧Ө͸ͬһˮսϢǿޱȡ
˿
ʯȻܿ죬ĺĸ죬ڽǰֻɼʯ
ԶЩؿһҶ죬ڳֻ֪Ҷٶȿ϶Ƚ죬ΪθղŲȥǿڤ
Ȼɻ󣬱ִ˿̻ȥͼʯվһһԿĺġ
ͬһʱ䣬ͺͿҲɱ˹һ̣źħžȻ漣Ըš
ĺҲͣһģȻ·硣
֣óУʯù£ʱԱߵıִȵ
ĺɫһ䣬ڳļ֮УɵֵУǶȻҪԿӰ쵽Ӷʵ
Ȼüʯĺû뵽ǣ־ȻûʩչУһ˳սɱ͡
֣𣿡ʯ̲סŭȵñǲаڤ䵽ˣʱȥŵ鷳ⲻǸŻ
Ȼ˱ֺˣĺĵѹʱʯͿȡ
֣ʯʵ̲סˣɫЩ
һ߹ͣһߴ͵ǶҶˣˣҪǼĺģôֻȫŵˡ
Ҷ죿ʲô˼ʯüͷ
ʱ˱ֺ֮⣬˶Ѿˡ
ĺڲԶסȤؿߵ֣ڤУӵȨ
ʯңڳô֮УĺĲµģµҶСӣڰϻҪƴһֻּ͵
Ļһ
ʯŭЦ֣ǲķˣҶ죿ֻһССĳߣĺĸӿ£㵱ǰ׳𣿡
ԶĺĿһֱվԱûгֵҶ죬¶˼Ŀ⡣
ʯҿʦһᷢ裿ңȻڵġŭȵҿԶҶ죬ŭҶ죬㲻Ҫٲ׾ˣڣ֮


2049 ƿȫ
㻹Ƕ°
Ҷ쿴ŲԶԼŭĿӵı֣Щźҡҡͷֻ뿴Ϸû뵽Ҫǣȥ
˵ûȷ֮Ͼ˱֮⣬ڳ˭Ҳ֪ʵǴòʱȫһٷ̡
ֻվǱƻˡ
֣˵ʲôһʵʯҶĻЩŵʵ
ּͣ¾֪ˣסˣúסԼ꣬ҲУұʩչӿ¡
ʲôʯɫ䡣
ԶĺĺͽҲɫһ䡣
ҪˣҶ״˿ȣҳҿ԰ǶԸǣᵽڤûл֮øṩһЩ
һֱűֵĻҲǳ˺棬ѲҶֿµʵñλʦ˼ɵ
˿̣Ҷ˵΢΢˼Ƭ̣óλ֮Ҷ죬˵ãʵұ֤Ļܹ֮
ٺ٣лˣҶλ֮Ȼסһλ֮ȼ
һ̣һɿֲϢҶϱϯ
ǻ֮ǿֲҶǿ̲ס𺳣̫ǿˣо֮ǰԼ
֪ڵٴδ߶һ棬ʲôЧҶ
Զıʱɫ䣬һó֮һ߶Լʯ˺ȼջ֮
˵꣬Լȼ˻֮һǿϢɢ
ӣ·ӡΪֵĶ֣Ϳȼջ֮һҲֻܲʵóһλ֮ȼĻֱӾͱָɱˡ
ͬʱԶҶ죬Ѿʩչһ档
䡭
ε潵٣µѹ٣ڵնʱЩסˡ
⡭ĺɫһ䣬оԼʵڼֱӽһΣ䵽۷徳磬ǿİ벽ǿ߾硣
ӿֲǣΪڼͣ͵ߵߡеߡߡ
䣡
ĺĿԼΪϽͣʱҲ̲סˣֱȼһλ֮ǼˣΪҲֻǻָ۷徳硣
ʲôЦҵΪȻѹƵ˸ߵ߾硣󣬽һֵؽеҪ֪Ѿȼһλ֮ˡ
ҲǣԶʯɫ֪ղűΪ˼ɵҶˣӵֿµֶΣȷ˿־塣

Զ߿һĻЩ̾ÿµʲôҾȻδ
֣ʵôôˣһߣͻȻܵ汴ֵʵʱ˷ܵĴУԼ׻ͰѱִõҴܣ
ؼʱ̣Ǽʯˣ뱴ֵס͡
֣ôôǿʯһֵ߽ס͵Ĺһ߿򱴿ʵ
ֿЦҶȻԷֱ˫ǵʵһ㣬ͺͿȿûн͡
ʯ˿ױΪ˵Ҷǵµˡ
ͬʱȿűæҵӣʱ¶֮ɫҶ죬㾹Ȼ˱죬ѹ֮ǰֶɱ㡣
ܹоʯͱִʱʵ֤ҶеĿֲ
ٺ٣Ķĺģе±ѹˣҲ۷徳硣ҶЦ˵
ȭͷŵͬ۷徳磬ҿɲǰ벽ǿ߰ھȻˡ
˵գȾȼ˻֮ɱĺġ
ĺĵȷǿ±һѹˣϿȣռϷ硣
УҶ쿴һĻٴγ֣ʩչС
ܣѾʶҶеĿҶʩչУ϶¼ʯܡ
ʯѧˣҲʲôű־ܡ
Ͷʱסˣû뵽˾ȻˣǴʹء
ڴʱһ޴дҶϿ۳ǿֲڳ֮͡˵겻ϵ
һҽдȻǸոӳԶļʯҽеص֮УԿõ֮ţ˽ȥ
ˣʯǿ壬һ۷ǿ߶ֵסҶСּ״ʱɫһҷؾԮʯǼƴԶ


2050 
ҵ찡
ǿ󿰱ȺʮļʯֵƬ̵ʵûоͱ꣬ڳ˶еܸˣһŴͣĿࡣ
ϻƳһԶҶ죬ֹһǸ̬
ȻӢ䣬Ҿ֪ɸ߹ϲɫ
ʯˣӵˡ
ûӵΪҶ׷ȥס˱֡
ʣµĿȺһֹĺģƵĺĺĽ󣬸ҪᣬѾƮˡ
ˣһȱֵĻҪǿ󡣡
г֮ĺĵɫҲøˣԭʵ±һѹˣҲܹصסȺͣ뱣ǹˡ
ڣеĳ֣궼Щɶˣŵæѹ꣬һͱҪֳһˣʵٶȱ
ʱţɡ
ӣҪӣ
ĺҧһԶ򱴿ֵҶ죬漴ٺ͡ȾתߣѾõڤˡ
ҡĺĺ
ĺûȼջ֮Զ˹ʧڻ֮С
ȻӵˣЩŵؿĺʧĵطǿǿ߰ȻǴˡ
ߣѵ𣿡Цһ漴ԶĽ󣬺ٺЦϴܵÿ죬ҿӡ
л˵л˵һѹԼ꣬һģаĺĸˡ
ɣɱ˹
û˿ֵĿܾͱȸɱˣΪͲ翨ȣοܵһеѹơ
һԿðľЦһת۵Ĺ򣬾λ۷ǿߣ붼밡
ɱ֮󣬲ûʬ壬ΪЩӦҶսƷ͵ĻЦǺǵ˭ܹ뵽Ҷô̬ߣȥҶɱ˱֡
ãɭЦλʦͷ۵ļһڿˡ
ʲôƨʦҶǰҲԳʦȲмƲƲ졣
˷ںҶ콻սıֶʱˡ
Ҷ죬ĺĴڤˣӦȥ׷Ϊʲôҹȥֲĵؽе
ɭһЦҶشɱ㣬Ҳ˶ٹ򡣡
ҲԱߵ˵ͷ
ΧͺͿȻ۷ǿ߾磬ɾͻɱ˱֡
Ҳܸɴ֪࣬Լ޷֮󣬽еĻ֮ȫȼյˣһζҶ죬Ҷź
һﻹǹͿűֵʬ壬ҡҡͷ
ߵھֻʣĺһˡ
Ҷ𱴿ֵʬ壬󽫼ʯнʬҲ
λ۷ǿߵҶʱЦݣεջǾ޴󰡡
Ϊ۷ǿߣʯӵеıﶼǳ࣬׻˼ʮԭʯڣĵر
ȻΪҪģǼʯͽеĻ֮
Ȼȼл֮ǼʯͽȴûȼգʣµĻ֮ʮߵ֮ࡣ
ټ֮ǰҵõһλ֮һӵʮ˵λ֮ˣĺĺͿ֮⣬Щ۷ǿߵĻ֮¶ûҶࡣҶ찵˷ܵ
֮ջ̫ˣ֮޷ñҲûźˡ
Сӣнʲô֣
ȻԶ߷˹Ҷʵ
ҽһ棡Ҷ쵭Ц
һԵĿһߣŭϼһ˰ɣϧӦòҪĽһעӮˡ
һ棿ֶ֣ΣڵԽԽˣûпĻӦߵǿֱ֮˿ȣҶЦ֪νǿ߾𣿻·ôߣ
Ѳ֪Ҷ첻м֪ıҪࡣ
Ҳ֪ҡҡͷ漴Ц֪һ˸һǿ֮ģҪɹˣɹͻƵǿ߾磬Ǵﵽ˽磬ڽ֮ж޵еĴڣȻ۶
ʲôҶ֮ɫ
ܣԱߵĿȴȵô֪ܲ
Ŀǳ֮ΪļڹǴ壬ܹ֪һ𣿡߲мؿһۿȣ漴Ҷ˵Ǹ˽ڤʣȥĻӦ֪˵ĴڣѾʧ˺ܶꡣ


2051 
ڤʣ
뿨Ⱦ
ˣ޷Ϊ̫ˣ˭Ҳ֪ϸ˭Ҳ˵׼һС
ǿԿ϶˱Ȼǳǿ
뿴ڤʮλڤʵϣڤ絮ĲֹʮλڤڤµʷϣڤֻһΨһ
һ㣬˵ڤʵǿ
ͬʱҶҲڷȥ⣬ǴӺӰ˽˺ܶš
֪ڤʵǿ󣬼˵ǿ󣬲ȻҲͨڤͨѾԶԶˡ
ңҶڹʱԸܵ˹Ļϡ٣Խʧ
ڤ磬϶ûлӵеĵ
ƲӦڤǿ֮ѾԿˡ
˻
Ҷ첻һ
Ļôڤʸжôǿ
ϧˣѾʧ꣬ȻҶ컹һ¡
Сӣ츳ǿ귽棬һܹ߳Լĵ·
ʱٶȿˣҶ˵ҿ԰ҵıʹн㣬ôӦ顣
ߣҲܹõġȲм
˵˵Ҷ쵭ЦܹЩ鷳Ȼ⣬ǰߵôס
ЦʦǷ磬ҲţҸǿģһЩǿߺͽеʦˡԣҲϣԼ󷨴ʧϣܹΪһӣҵ֮ȥ
û⣡ҶԵ˵ͷףֻҸͽܶѡοҶߵҲܸȤΪиͽФרһģҲԼ̳ߵһ
ãҶӦ¶Цݣ˵ҵĵڶҲܼ򵥣㽫ڤһɹϣܹȥڤչһҡ
һ죬ҿΪȥһڤ硣ҶЦ
һԵĿȺҡҡͷǳҶҪ˵ҶܹﵽڤǸ̶ȣǸܡ
ǿǺͻһ
ô˼
ȻˣôЩ͹ˡ漴֣һ޴ĹҶ졣
ҶҲؽ˹棬Ӧıǳ𺳡
ΪǼʯ󡢱λ۷ǿߵҲߵʮ֮һࡣ
Ҷռô౦ġ
һãԶȿҶߵıʱƲƲ죬ЩĽ֮ɫ
һԵͿЦǰһˣеĺôռˣȻҲʵ
ֻҪõڤˡ漴˵ǿҲߵЩ
Щ۲Ҷջ񣬵֪ҶʵԼ޷⣬Իѡͷɡ
ߣĺأҶ±֮Ҳڼ飬ѯʵ
û˵ĿģǲڤȥŹǵġ
ԵЦİɣ棬ҾһеףǱܵõ
˵գҶ˸оһתǾʧԭء
һ̣ȵٴγʱѾĺĵĶ档
ǣ
֮Уĺڸ·ȴͻȻǰ˼ӰҶ졢Ⱥˣɫʱһ䡣
һ棡Ҷһĺģʱʩչһ棬žʩչС
ɶ񡭡ܵӴѹĺг˷ŭȴֻܱóһλ֮ȼ
ңĺĻӦսתӡ
ΪȺ;վҶߣȥֻֿԡ
󣡡Զ
һ̣֪һģͻȻͽĺֽȥѪɫâʱĺû
ĺģŵ㲻ֻҪ㽻ڤҿ뿪򡣡
߸˵
Ҷԣɫûжٱ仯ϾǵҪɱĺҲЩ鷳˵ĺһˡ
ˣƵĺĽڤõѡ
ֵ֣߳ڡ
ãҽڤ
ã֮УĺЩĵŭ
Ҷ˾ͷˣټһߣɡ
֮£ĺֻܵͷϾѾǰ벽ǿˣûҪΪһڤڴ˵ء
ݣ
ĺĵĻ£һȱĺɫƾʹӻ֮׳ǿڤ
߽УֶҶ졣


2052 
õڤ֮Ҷ쿴ԶĻ󣬴ʱѾĺѾӳˣЩǱվڲԶ֮УضҶˡ
û뵽ĺһӢȻСУĺĿҶ죬ЩԳЦ
һԵЦĺģòԩ
ߣĺĲ÷һ漴ߣڿҳȥ˰ɣ
ԣߵ˵ͷ
ҶͻȻȵ
ĺ۾һɣŭСӣ㻹ʲôѲΪǼɱң
ҲԱȰҶ죬ѾõڤˣûҪƴˡ
ǺǣҿûҪɱҪȥĻģ֤й¶ҵʵʵҶЦ˵
ܣĺŭƾʲôҷģΪ˭ԱߵĿȺͣƾһˣɱġСӣȻǱܴ󣬵ڻء
ǺǣԿҶһЦ
߳ĬƬ̣漴˵ĺģ㻹ǷİɣȻһҶ֡
㡭ĺһҶ壬ߣˡ
֣߳͵ǸղټҶһУҪ
úúãҶ죬Ҽסˣҽǿ߾磬һɱ㣬ʲôطĺŭݺݵҶ졣
ҵţҶ쵭Ц
ĺĲĵصڷģл֤ĺĽǿ߾磬޷Υԣﵽ𣬲ʸΥ
ҳȥ֮ĺĶߺȵһҲˡ
ߵһЦ˻֣ĺ뿪
Ҷ죬Ҳ߰ɣȿĺ뿪Ҳõڤˣʱ˵
ҶЦؿȺͶˣ˵Ҳİɣ
ʲô
ɫһ䡣
ƺԤϣ˵ͷԣ
˵꣬;ˣԺĺĵһǲй¶Ҷʵʵ
ȴЩ⣬ŭҶ죺Ҷ죬֮ǰ˭Ļ֮Ҫ𣿡
ҲֻҪЩ鷳ѣûҳǻܻ𣿡Ҷ˵գóеڤԿȼ˵İɣģҾͽǣʱǾ˵ƴõģһ߿ûʵͶǵġ
һϲæԿ˵ȣİɣԶûκλ
˷ܣΪڤԼûϵˣҶĹͣǰһˡҶҪѹ͸ԼȻˣȣûлСʲôԵģ
ãҧгݵصҶһۣ漴Щĵطġ
Ҷ״΢΢һЦ漴еڤȡ
߰ɣڤݺݵҶһۣ漴˵
ҶҲߵ˵ͷ
߻֣ͺͿȾ뿪
֮УʱֻʣߺҶˡ
ߣڵ״̬ǣҶ쿴ǰߣЩʵ
ȻѾˣƬ棬ȴȻܡ
Ҷɻ
ԴЦ漴˵ҵȷˣȴķʽҺƬΪһ塣
ŶҶĿһ˲²⡣
ЦҲõǿ󷨣ѾԳ磬ұ飬ֻǰеļ䣬Ҳߵһ
ԭˣҶȻѹ߿ƿһС
߻˻֣ЦҶ죬Ҳ뿪ɣп򣬼ǵðҵͽܴҪԽ̵
ãҶ˵ͷ漴ʧ
һ̣ҶѾ档
ݣһ磬Ҷץ׻쾵
Ҷ죬ǿԿףͬʱδطȻ˹֮⣬㶼ͨҽ̸쾵֮дߵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴쾵
ȻҶգ׷ڸϻȥĿ͡
ǵٶȻҶЦŴȤ
Ҷ죬صĻͱͻȻֵҶһ漴һЦ
ߣǷģǲǼϻ˵ҲôҲһߣôһ涼Ҫʵأкξ壿ȵҶһۣ
ҶЦܹЩ鷳ҵȻˡ


2053 
ܲ
һԺУҶ졢Ⱥǰ
ͤУſȽĲȱڤϳЦݣҶ˵˵ͷ˵ĺܺãǵʹ͡
˵꣬âҶˡ
Ҷһ£һλ֮⵹ջЦ
һںӣȻڻ֮Ǻں
ϲɫջ񲻴
ںʮ˭һ˶ѣʲôֵûʮֱӵˡ
Ĳпᡣ
ûµĻȥɣʹ󣬾ذ˰֣Ȼõڤ֮׼߻ǰļƻˡ
Ⱥȥ
Ҷȴ
Сӻʲô飿ؿҶ졣
Ҷ칧˵˵֪ͨͨǲģ
ŶüͷһЩϷŰؿҶ죬˵Ҫȥ磿
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ҳߵ·֮ѣȥ紳һӴһЩźǿߣҲһЩջ񡣡
Ҷ죬ĿޱȣΣҡͷڲŸոս߾磬Ѱͨǿߵĵ·ҲؼһʱԤͻĽҪ˶þҪںˣʱǻҽһսϣܹڴ֮ǰһʵΪŴӮⳡսʱһᰲǰ硣
ǣҶԷǳˬص˵ͷȻ͸뿪ˡ
Ҳû⣬Ūڤ

뿪Ժ䣬صԼʯ
ҶɫһƬ
ҳΪǿߣȻΪҽ磬ǻĽ磬ǴһֺơҶҧŭ
ʮΪսô꣬Ϊսˣᶼᣬ飬治ͳߡ
ȥɣҲŲʮôɵӡ
Ҷһ漴ʼԼǰջ
ʮ׻ڻԭʯʮ˵λ֮иղһλ֮
֮⣬߸ıˡ
ߵıǳ࣬а˰ڻԭʯʮλ֮׻ʮ߼ĵر
˾޴ջҶֱӴΪ򸻺һǧڵĻԭʯκεۺˡ
Ȼ󣬻ʮ׻ʮλ֮ҪǴ˳ȥǿ߶̲סɱˡ
ˬҶЦݣһɨղŵ֮ɫ
ЩڶҶΪûʲôҪǰ硣
գҶ˼
ҪǰǲܵģԷ뿪
ħţº޲ɱӲߡ
ʣµţΪǵͨ۲õ󷨣޷ȥ
ƺѾûлǰˡ
ͷ۰Ҷüͷڲ޷ǰ磬ػĽ綼ȻĻԻػĽ磬ڵʵǲþռˡ

ܲһʱ䣬Ҷ˼֪Դӽһ뿪󣬾Ҳûлˡ
ĶӰүҲһ֮бħɱˡ
ҶЩ䣬֪ɵģλǿ߿ܺƣʵǰµ˵ӣҪʱãҪʱ顣
Ҷ粢ϤıһˡҶ찵뵽
һ죬ҶɳһħЯ쾵ǰ
Ϊǿߣн飬֪Ŀ϶ࡣ
ңһλµĹߣǻԸҶıġ
Ҷ죬Źȥôʱ䣬ˣѵǸҵͽ𣿡УЦʵ
Ҷ΢΢Цô죬æġ
Ȼ쾵Ҳ߻ഫѶΪ˱һ㣬Ҷ컹Ǿһ򣬱ϾһУǿ߶޷̽顣
Ŷʲô飿ܹλǿ߶޷Щȡ
Ҷ˵ʵԻĽ磬ĿģҪ˵صͨǰ硣ţұΪĿģǲǰҺ˵˴£ȴ
֮ЦǵȻˣδǿߣôλ뿪أУħΪ˽ģ˵ӣҪãҪ
Ҷ˵ͷףҿҵĺġǷģȻĻʵй¶ȥ͸Ӳ뿪ˡǣѾħţʲô취ǰ磿


2054 ¿
ҶĻ˳˼˰Σſ̾ǰֻ·ҪôţҪôħţѡ񰡣
Һγ֪ҶЦ
߳ħڶȥ磬ԣҪ뿪ֻܳǲڣȥ·
ҶüͷǶǿߣܲ뿪Ҳ·أô
ǿߵʵ̫ǿˣһ߷׾ٵɱҶ죬ҶӶӲοȥϽͨ
ˣ˵ĲӲҡͷǿȻ£ǵķ֮⣬ʲôҸܻȥֻҪǿ߱̽飬ǲ̽Ĵڡ
Ҷ취壬Ȼһܣһս㣬ȥϽͨǱϡ
ЦڣǱǿߵ۾ֻһ߷Ǿͼˡ֪Ǵﵽ߼𣬲ȻħϽǲġ
ʲô취ܹıأҶüͷ֪ıһֱڱչƽӼǵĶһ߷ѡ
ս
ЦźħŴŪĴҡ֪Ϊ˴˼ɵԭѾƽꡣʵЩǶǰлѾìܣһȻս
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˵ǲǺг𰡣ҶЩŹֵؿһۡ
ҲûЦ˵ƻҽǿߣοһ£ҲֻյϢѡȻ˵ģҲΨһĳ·ȻĻû취ƶ
ðɣԿҶЦҲûбİ취ֻôˡ
£Ҷȥ
ٺ٣ֿˡ߿ҶıӰЦ
ͬʱѾ뿪Ҷ죬Ҳ˼ߵļƲߡ
ȻصܲʱȻЩ˽ģҲĿǰߵΨһһ·

ʯС
Ҷ챾չأɳħһħһ˺һЩƷħŵĵ̡
һ˵ʯϣҶ춪ˣޱؿ
Ҷ죿վǰҶ죬Щȣ漴˿Χɫ΢΢һ䣺ⲻǻĽ磬
磡Ҷ쿴ǰˣ˵¿ôˣ㻹𾳽硣
⻹ǰͣ¿Գ˵ôˣ֮ǲʲôҪҵģҺܺ棬Ժŵݣô䵽磿
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ħŵһλ򣬻Լ֮
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찡ǧģѵǴ˵еߣ
⡭
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ˢ
ħפ֮Ҷŵ¿Ѹȥ
ٴ䵽һʯʱ¿ǰҶ죬ЩʵΪǿ𣿡
ֻҪ֪ҲֻϡҶ쵭˵ôҲΪ˸¿õ¿־壬κεС˼
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㿴ҶֱóһЩ
¿ȻûгԹȴ֪Ĵڣһ۾ϳˣʱ۾ˣضҶ죬˵ֻҪ磬ұѹħ綼С
ǰ붼룬ΪʵΪɣԳһС


2055 
¿ѡҶ֮Уʵָɣʲôأ
ȻҶչʾԼǿʵ֮󣬵¿ҲұҶ졣
ڶԹħģ¿ֻǹħһײСţ
˵ħ˶ǳ˽˲Ϊ
ৣ
ڵ¿֮ͬҶȡһԭʯ󷨣õ¿
ԭʯ¿ǰЩԭʯ۾һϲûˣϾҶóɱߵʵԭʯʲô
¿Ҷ첼úֶ֮һЩԭʯ¿ŵ˵ȻҿԸһ֮磬Ҿãʵ츳Լ֮ҲҪ˶ʱ䡣οԼ֮ԶҪõöࡣ
ף¿æͷЦͿԽ֮ˣټ󷨺ͻԭʯİһԪˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵㾡ͻƣʱҾͰ硣
¿ʼչ
ҶԱ߿ţֻһ߷
ȻϣŽ磬һ޷ǰ磬ôħѡˡ
Ҷ쿴֮еĵ¿뵽
õ¿׼׼ܽ磬Ǿͽħ磬綼ںˣ˹ħ磬ֻҪСһ㣬ͬǰ硣
ͬʱҶҲһħ֮ѡһãʩչþλԼ
Ҷҵˣǵ¿ǿߵ۾Ϊǿ˻Ҫ̫ˡ
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취ѾҶˡ
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硭
ĳһԭʯϿգһȺŵںһȺħŵԡ
ΪԭʯЩźħŶɳһλߣΪʵ󣬱˴˽סˡ
ذʵҲͱǿһ㣬Ȱ㻹ǰְɣԭʯƽ֡ΰ˹Ŷ϶֣λħŵĳ¶Цݡ
ɶ񣡡ļذҧгݣΰ˹˺ܶˣռϷ磬ΰ˹
ֻܰˣذЩĵ뵽
ڴʱΰ˹ͻȻ¶֮ɫ
ôܣô᣿ΰ˹ֵ
ףͬʱذԸܵΰ˹Ϣڽͣת֮䣬ѾһΡ
⣿ذЩɣǲŹôõĻᣬѡ֣̽ΰ˹ʵһΣ˷ܵĴæӴ󹥻ȣһͰΰ˹նɱˡ
ɱһˣ
ذվ֮УЩţֱԼ汩ǵս֮׸ղŵһĻǻþ
֪ΰ˹ΪʵֻͣҪӮˣʲô
ͬʱڰеĻ֮УҶЦһһ档
ղžҶʩչһѹΰ˹Ϊذȡʤ

ʱذΰ˹Ĺ絽
ҶħаģаŵģаħŵģҲаŵģŵҲаĿɱ
ҶĿ궼ߣ۷ǿûԣʣµǸߵߣҶɱˡ
ЩǶͳ죬սǻɱµ֮ǾͲ֪Ҫˡ
̶һԪڣʧأұ˴˵ĻЩҪҶ֣Ѿڻɱˡ
ʣ̫ˣ
߲鿴ԼɳȥռϢʱЦ
Ҷȡõĳɹ֮ĳɹ

һʯϣ¿۾һǿϢϯȥ
ԶҶͬ۾¿Цϲ֮硣
ٺ٣¿Щ˷ܣˣ̤֮簡һ뵽ǰҶ춼Ѿɱˣûжټˣ˱˰
ʮȥ׼ɡҶ׹ʮϻʮԸ¿ʮҲ⣬ⶫڶ˵ûһôĻԭʯѾˣֱʤ

¿Сĵץסʮ֮ɫ


2056 ²
ʮæ¿ֻʣʱ⣬ֻҪЩˡȻֽ϶ƽҲһ
ħĹЩͨɱʵֻҪʱҶ¿ɱһЩǿߣܹѵ¿ΪȥٲҲܹ۷徳磬˳һЩս㣬õ¿ǰħʸ

ܲ
ҶڱչȴͻȻյϢǰȥ¡
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ͬʱһЩ˺Ҷһ۷徳磬ų֮ǿߡ
ԺУҶ컹˿ȡˣ˿ĿЩ˼ǿȣǵҶһۡ
ѵһµʲô𣿡Ҷ찵뵽ģΪ˶ģܰʵʵ˵ûκв
ҪǣҶʱһֱܲ˭뵽
ߣ
֮ͤУɨǰʮλ۷ǿһۣӦö֪ʱʧأ˽һЩʲôԭΪƽôãȴͻȻ˶ĳͻ
̽飬ҪԭһЩʵߣȴȻɱ˵жԵߣһ۷ǿæ
üͷߵʲô˵ľһЩ
ŵһ߼ذ˵ɣ϶ħųΰ˹ԭʵ󣬶˺ܶ꣬κβ˱˴ˡһһԭʯʱذȴͻȻоΰ˹ʵ࣬ɱ˶Է˺ħΪ˱Ҳɱ˼ذذΰ˹ӣ»̽鵽еħʵеʵλ۷ǿ
վԱߵһλ۷ǿҲ˵ǵ˫ʵ࣬˴κβ˱˴ˣԺҲûģսΣΪ˫̫ˣôˡ
ҶһðͷЩ۷ǿ߶ǴˣЩǺġ
ߣͤУǵ˼ǣǺħŶ˸ˣʲô֣ܹڰмһߵΪ˷ֵģҿ˵Щߵ߶ܺˣǶûз֣¾۷ǿҲɡңΪʲôԭ򣿡
۷ǿͬ鷢⿿һ˵õǿߡ
ǰ²²ҲǿߣΪܹϢһߵߵǿߣʵ벻˭ܹõĵһĺҲοЩ鷢磬еĵطͬʱֻǿ߿ɳ顣Աߵһλ۷ǿ˵
һǿߣֻλǿߣǾλε飬ʧ˭Ҳֲô˭أο˶ͻĽҪںˣʱǶҪҽսʱɱֻԼʵ˭
᲻µǿߵ˲²
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ǻ᲻ҽǿǱ뵽Ūô飬ǰǵʵ˲²
ͫһ漴˵ЩųֿԣɣǼ̽飬ͬʱֿ߱ƣɱˣ˵жԵ߾ˣȥλ̸̸
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Ҷʼնûп˵Ͼϻֻӵиߵߵʵ֮μֻ飬ҪǿδǱϾδǿߣ˭С
ˣ
Ҷոջص
ʲôҶĿһɨͷǿȺ͡
΢΢˻֣Ŵ򿪣Ҷ漴˽
Ҷ죬ǲɵģһ͵Ҷŭȵ
ԱߵҲҶ졣


2057 ƻó
ʲô£Ҷָ֪ʲô飬װŲ֪ЩɻؿȣҸʲô
㻹װ⣿۾һɣŭҶȵȻҺͷģһУǿɶۿ˵ʵ
ҶԻȻԭڻ
ѵ𣿡ߵǰҶ컹ЩøУԴϴαҶƵ÷֮ͶҶ첻ˬˡ
ǰ׳𣿡ҶɵһȣڶԷʱ˵Դϴλҿɶһֱܲչأǲţȥ
ߣ㱾Ȼܲз˭֪᲻ӵֹߵ
ҶԿЦҲ̫ˣҪǷҲ̫ˡοЩ鷢أҵɳٷŹãЩǰҵǿ𣿡
ȶʱ˵ˣʵ˵ҲҶķϾҶ컹ǿߡ
һԵʹʱſ˵ȣҶ˵Ĳ϶ǿ߸ɵģҶûʵңҶЩΪʲôʲôô
ңҶЦ˵ûʵУûкô飬ҲŲҿǲµöԣܿҽǿǱɵģϾҽϾҪսˣǵʵֻкô
ߣһת뿪ˡ
ǺǣҶϵܣˡڨڨһЦҲȭ뿪ˡ
ҶĿԶȥŹţ¶Ц֮ɫ
Σ˭뵽ʵҶЩЦ

ú󣬵¿Ѿ˳磬Ҷ漴ħţҰɱߣһʵһ߻ս㡣
Ȼλǿ߶Ѿ˴ˣҪԼµ̫߿ԼҲ̫Сġ
ƽô꣬ѾףҶ֮󣬼ֱһкǧҪѹƾܹѹƵ˵ġ
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ԣλ֮Ȼѣôģڴ򣬶ұǰĸˣ۷ǿ߶ʼˡ
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ÿ춼ʧأе߶ɱ۾絽ܹɱӰ
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ǣҶͶЩ֣Ǳ˴ɱٶʧء
ʱλףеˣ֣ͣܲܰ¶ܲɣ


Ҷϵܣ̫ˣʵ̫ˣҷ·𿴵һڵɫˡ߿ŶҶ죬Ц
Ҷȴüϸ磬ЦˣȻƻ˳޷λǱϾǿߣվˡ
Ѳ㻹Ǵ𣿡Цҡͷˣ罫ͻĽںϣҪҽ翪ս£ǲ˴ɱġ
Ҷ˵ͷԣҪǺѡ
ѣߺٺЦģϾҪ뿪ˡ
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ЦͷޱȣҪ⣬ԶֲС̫Ҫ磬ֻܱԳ֡ʱ򣬾Ļˡ
磡ҶԳԾǿ߿õ㣿ʹõҲ²װɣǻ
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ĻҾлˣǺǣϸ磬´ټ棬Ͳ֪ʲôʱˡҶЦ
ǵʱҵͽܴЦ

ͬʱλٴοᣬԤϵһ׼磬ֻˣܱ֤Լ²ٱ
ҶҲΪߵѣѾջˣֻߣһڵ¿ߣһŵһߡ
ͬʱҶҲڴϢ֪һλ˭


2058 о

ܲҶʯ棬üͷ塣
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Ҷܹоõı廹ܲ˵һ
һҶҪŽ磬ǲˡ
Ͼ˭֪ʲôʱֵõ
ֻڴħˣϣҪʧҶ찵뵽ͬʱҲ뿪ܲȻǰ磬ûɣҶɳܲ
ˢ
ħŵ̲ԶһƬ֮УҶ춸Ȼͣסӣ֮˳
ǿϢҶ̧ͷԶĻգܵһǿϢڲϵգӳȥ
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оͲһˣҶȷϢֻһߣΪкܶ࣬ħ㿴ˣҲᵱ¡
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ȥǰħ磡Ҷ쿴ǰѾﵽ۷徳ĵ¿˵ñˣаȴɡ
ģȻǵˣΪ档ڣҲκҷôҸûҪΪУǶûκκô¿̹ȻЦ˵ʵѾҶˣЩмҶ죬ϾҶİܳΪ۷塣
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Ϊħȥˣֻһڴ˵ؿء
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2059 
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ŵ¿̤ռͨȵٴ۾ʱѾ˹ħ硣
ʱ¿һ޴ĺɫУΧһ˶ûУȴſڸӦһǿϢߡ
ԷƺҲ
һ¿Ϳһɫ̷ɫЩߴ¿֮ɫ΢΢һЩȵǰѪģ
ǰ¿ǰߣȴǾ
ʶ𣿡ԣɵȻ
¿æ˵ڰѪȥǰĽʱֻһǰ²ǵ
ŶԭˣԻȻҲǳ԰ѪΪչ˼ǣżҲȥʱֻҪܹˣʲôΪĽ
ΣȻǵõ¿ֻǸղŸӦ¿ϢЩˣԲЩȡ
ν磬
±ûʲôɫ˼ȻԼ磬ܹԼָ㣬ɫͺÿˣЦŶԵ¿ͷֻܲһѾ̤۷徳磬½δزܹͱƽƽ
ЩˣԼָܹĳɾͣҲ֤Ӣ
ǰˣǰԶء¿æǫ
ߣҳȥɣȻѾ뿪磬ôӽ쿪ʼǻعǹħ塣ڴ֮ǰ㻹ǰħսһˣΪӦúװһܼ͡漴˵
¿˵ͷ漴ظڰ
һֱ뿪Ҷ췢ﲢǿ߿أŸҺ͵¿˵㻹аֵط磬֪ݣȻǣʦ϶ᱻֵġ
ģӽԺһģʵ˷츲صı仯Ҹĵģ֮󣬿ʦ𶼲ʶҡߣħôҸƫԶĵطưһ˭֪ҵ¿οҵֻһСС𣬿ʦΪˡ¿
ʶ࣬뿪ħʱ򣬻һ׻Ҳôһ飬ǺǣҶЦ˵ڵ¿ѾûʲôˣҲվĸ߶̫ˣ¿ûʲô˭ȥʹһֻϣ˵¿ǱŰҪ˵ޣҲǵ¿
ģ̫ˣ¿˷֮ɫ׻ǿߵ׻ô۷֮жǰߣֻҪһЩ̬ţϵǿߣݺ᲻ˡ
ʵͿԳưһңڵһˡ
ġ

ħսԭǹħ͹Ľ紦һƬĿռشΪħ͹ںˣһƬԭ֪жôӴħ͹Ĵս
ǿϵĴ⣬ħս߶ڲսʱ䡣
֮һпĽͬʱҲսĺõط
¿Ҿ㵽˵ˣԼħսİɣƣԶ¼ɱսߵħսֻ֣еսﵽҪ֮󣬲ɳ룬ֻܽܳ¶Ե¿
ˣǰټ´εҳȥݷǰ¿һ漴ħս
;У¿Ҷ죺Ҳһħս𣿡
Ǹڶ㣬뿪ֻɱȻɱ׾٣ǿ϶ᾪħĸ߲㣬нҸӲҶЦȸȥսȻ뿪ħսǰħĽ紦
ٺ٣Ҳãæһսɶˡ¿Цݡ
ħսԶİҲͶȥˡ
ħս֮аգɷ졣
ħǹ磬ҲֻħսɷܱȵˡϾﳣսɱ¾졣
¿һħսҶʹֱȥģڣٶҲΪ˱һ㣬һɱһٸ۷ǿߣϾΪɱһߣǻ˻ɵġҲһǣôеϤ
ʦʦ𣿡ͬʱĵ¿Ҳֱ۾ŲԶһϤӰ˼顣
¿û뵽㣬ղһΪԼأ˺ܿӽ˵أͬʱҲ¶ΣȻǵ¿ʦ
Ǹֳʼ棬͹֮·˹ͬھĹħ֮ħǿ߸ˣȴû뵽ڴ˵غ͵¿Ҷ


2060 
á
¿УҶ쿴ǰЩϤӰ¿ƺԷʦ𡱣ʱ뵽˵ݣ鲻Խؾ
£ôôɣһ̣Ҷ춼̲סˣҲ̫ˣôһħ磬ǸսħսôΨһһأ
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ܿ͸ˡ
ʦ㣿ô¿ǰʦɫЩӣΪˣǰʦҲֻһʮ֮ǰǿˣȴͬһ㡣
뵽¿ӸмҶˡ
¿û뵽㻹ţһΪҶɱءûп¿ΪϾ¿ϢƾССʮ֮޷óֻǸеЩˣϾ¿Ψһĵӣҵ¿Ҳ֪Ҷ䡣
Щң˳ȥ¿˸ѡ
ͷȻͬشʦϣԤܹħ磬һħսд˲ŰɵħսȻҲǶҵĳͷϾûҵҶ죬Ҳ
شʦ¿ԾǸӵԤ֪δشʦ
ԣ̾شʦȻܹԤ֪ħսԤԵҶȥ磬ϧ֪ʲô飬شʦҲ޷Ԥ֪Ҷˡ
ʲô¿УҶĻʱɫ䡣
ǸʲôشʦδҲ̫˰ɣ綼ԤԳˡ
¿ҲЩľдҶ죺شʦǹħһλߣȻֻ۷徳磬ȴӵԤ֪δǹħĵλǿ߶൱ȻսҲǹħǿļ֮һ
Ԥ֪δÿµһȣԶҶ찵ͬʱҲЩңԼûм磬ȰΪ
Ҷ쿴Ǹشʦ޷Լ϶ΪԼΪʵԽϾһ߿ԣƵ¿ǿ߾Ͳôס
ҶȻֻһߣʵȴѾԶԶ۷徳磬ǸشʦȻ޷Ҷˡ
ˣ¿Щ굽׾ʲô飿㵱ӳʼģеʱ淢ʲôô涼ʧˣѲе֮ʵ
¿ͷʱеȷ֮
Ҷ죿𾪵ʱƺųΪûðɣôô죿
壡¿˵ǻ֮֮ҳû˳ȥΪҪϰ棬Բû׷ɱңҽӵһֻǺҲС뵽磬ŵڲŸϻعħ硣
磿㻹ֱҹĿôпĵط㶼ӳЩ⣬ϸŵ¿Ȼɫһ䣬Ϊô͸
ǺǣΪѾһλˣһ۷徳硣¿ͷųԼϢʱһǿѹø
ʲô۷壡һš
¿ǰԼʦ𾪵ӣ֪ΪΣˬУǰǸ߸ϣϵĸоڣֻһֻ϶ѡ
Ⲣǵ¿ʦҪǹħ磬ʦͽϵô񣬱ϾħͽҲǺܲпģЩͽȥֻоӢܹʦͽֻĽϣǴС
㡭Ȼﵽ۷徳磬ôܣЩ͵ؿǰĵ¿Щš
¿΢΢ЦЩԵˡ
ðΪʦ۹ܲΪȻصѪ֮һԳΪһġ漴Ц˿Щңûе¿ȻԺ³϶ܲҡ
ѪǴģսܻȥ¿ҡҡͷ
ҲԣȻ漴뵽ʲô˵ҲδأѾϢдˣдϾͻˣʱ˵˵ûҲҪµս
ʲôдˣ¿ɫ䡣
䣡ͬʱһǿϢӵ¿гһӾǰµѹѹƵĻֹ
һֱֻסĺ˶ˡ
Ҷ죡
ҶҶ죡Ҷϳǰ֮ˣЩ˼ͲţΪҶϸܵױȵǿϢƺشʦҪǿ
Σ棬Σ㡭Ҷؿǰĸǿӿ
Ҫɱңɫұ䣬ġ
Ҷı˶ˣһƬû¡


2061 ֹ
ҶĶܿ죬˵ѵ¿عϢкϳɱ˸˲Ϣ֮䡣
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ɶ񣡡¿Ҷʧķٿ˿µɫޱѿ»쵰Ӹħ磬ûкúܣͱǣˡ
뿪˵أңΪʵ޷ӵ
οӣ
ڹħ磬û˿Բǿ߷֣οнĴڡ
ͨħսǰ磬ǹħˣȥ粻
ҶӦȥ˰ɣҲ֪ܲߣ¿ҶʧķµҶȥˣϾֻһ·ӡ
䣡
ڴʱ¿ӦͷϿյ鿪һ˫ɫ۾ɢаĹâ䶢
µѹɢõ¿Χնˡ
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˭ɱɨΧһۣ漴˸ʵϾ֪ɱˣҴǹɲĿϢԲǵ¿һССõġ
ʦǱҶɱģǰ¿ѣæ˵ڳʼʱҾѾΪҶķ²ֱҪҴħŵĿռͨħ磬Բŷҡֻû뵽ǽħսȴʦ𡭡
ûȵ¿˵꣬ʹϵҶأ
ˣֻŸӰֱ˷ʧ֮С¿ʵʵ˵ֻ뱣ҶôͲˡȻЩ棬ûаԼ²Ҷ˵
ӣǺǣ
һЦ漴ʧ֮С
¿֪뷨ǿߵ˭ӵõ
Ҷ죬ܲӵͿԼıˣҿɰﲻ㡣Ѿ˹ħ磬㹻Ҵﵽ۷徳Ķ飬ӽԺҸɡ¿һ̾漴뿪˵ء
֪ԼѾûΣˣȻеֻһСûôҪ

ͬʱҶȷ磬֪ҲʲôȥҲΣգûѡ
ҵȻûѡ磬Ҳûе磬һ·˹Щ飬ȥ磬ȻΣգδػڹħ磬Ǹп϶ϾһСǺݺݴ档
֮УҶ찵뵽
˭һ߸֮ܵҶǿϢЩ
Ҷʱ˲ϢѾƴԼٶȣ֮вϵŲơ
ٶǰҪƬ̣Ƭ̵ʱ䣬˵ȴ̫ˡ
Ҷ죬ڼˣ
ڴʱһֱӴݵҶС
ãҶɫ䣬ҧ֮£ٶ֡
Ѿˡ
ΪҶеΧԽԽŨռ佥յգȻҲ޷ƿˮһ㽥ɱʹҶٶȲϵؽֱֹͣˡ
Ҷ죡
Զ̤еĲǴűЦݣҶĿ˼֮ɫ
߶ħսնˣħսĹˣǹħˣȫ彩Ӳˡ
ǿߵƣһ֮䣬ħսԽ
ߣǿߵģֻһȺϡ
ǿҪǿ󣬱ҽǿ߻Ҫǿ󣡡Ҷɢǿƣоޱȣǿǿߡ
׷ʲô飿
⡭
ǿ߶ˣ
ͬʱħս߶ˡ
ܹĽǿߣ벻˭԰õ
ǳ֮⣬ʲôҲκβֶֹˡ
Ҷ죬뵽һ𣿡
ʱѾߵҶ첻ԶߵĺƺżϾҶֵһᣬһֻϡ
УҶεºܣȻһλǿԳҶҧгݵصС
ﵽ߾磬ҿʵƺһ۷ǿ߻Ҫǿ󡣲ò˵㻹治ͨ˺ڰħĿ飬츳Ⱥϧѡ˴ĵ·ڿѾǹħǿˡЦ
ڲץסҶ죬ȻҶоž壬ֹˣǱ壬Ƿ֮С
ҪҶúõظһЩ顣


2062 ʱ
ô죿ô죿
ǰߵУҶޱȽֻһħı壬Ҳֹ֮У޷ߡ
ֻҪ֣ɽľžһץסʲôǱ壬޷ߡ
˭ܾң
Ҷоˡ
һµǿߣµȫҲԵò԰Ͼȼ̫ˡ
˵أֲǻĽ磬ĽִߣԺԺȶ
Ҷ죬ǲǺܾпҶҧгݵӣԵ÷ǳĿģЦ˵ٴθһᣬֻҪԶңұһΪͽ
ҶҧгݣʲôЦŲءһģΪǿߣеΪ
ҶȻĳΪǵʲôʱôڴ֮ǰһֱУһԺԸĽ磬ԸԺô죿
ףˣ
ȻҶ۾һһ⡣
£ҶͷųʼڸħսѰҹߡ
һ˲Ϣ֮䣬Ҷҵһĸߵߡ
ߵ߽ζʱҲֹ֮Уɻλǿ߸ɵʱһİȻ
Ҷ죬֪ͨǺ߰񣬾˵ѣ뿪ħսҶ콹
ζһ㶣Ҷ죿ʲôȻԼ֪ͨ񣬿ʲôЦ
죬ˣǺͰҲŹġҶŭ
ͬʱҶ컹ѰĹߴҰԼһϣһЩˣŶһЩᡣ
ܿ죬һЩӵҶ촫ĹߣеĲҶ죬еı̽뷨Ϣݵ˸߲㡣
ңŪôĶѾ˹ע⣬ѾǿڸϹˡ
ŶҪˣ𣿡Ҳ˹ҶĿ⣬ʱ
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Ҷɫ䣬Ҫʱ䣬Ǹʱ䣿
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ͻȻҶƺ뵽ʲôæ˵ǰֻҪܹһҿԸ˰䡣
ŶҲ֪˰һЩȤؿҶ죺Ϊʱ䣬𣿡
ȻҶС˼иˡ
Ҷ첢ģΪûϳ֣˵жԱ˰⡣
£Ҷæ˵ǰǴҵ⣬ͨڤڡҿ˰˱ӡĵһڤ
ӡڤˣɫ֣ܹ࣬ӡڤ˵ҶĽ⣬Ȼ֪һ㡣ΪܣǿߵУҲ˭ܹ֪ģοһССߡ
ǰҵõλڤһȱڤܹŴӹҶ͵ʱ䣬˵һЩϻȴܹע⡣
ȡ˰𣿡ʵ
ҶҡҡͷȻڤй˧أֻǲȱڤκβ˹˧
ȻˣǻǾȲ㡣Ц
Ҷæ˵ǰҽǿȱڤҲõһȱƣҲ˵ѾһڤֻҪ˽⣬϶Եõ˰
ʱ䣬ҶҲһϾԼ䵽³ģԼǱߵĿռͨ磬ͲôΣˡ
ϢãϧǾȲ㡣գ伥Цôʱ䣬㻹ӲǺǣ
ǿδŶҶͻȻ¶ЦݣΪѾյ˺Ĵ
ţкȻ̧ͷķɫ΢΢һ䣺ϹˣѹСе㣬ǲܡ
˵գֱץסҶ죬Ϊ
أҶһֱħԱйһ
Ƿ𣿺ߣһ⣬̽ץҶ塣
أҶķϵԱǱץסԱ
ҶԱԽԽ࣬ı屩¶ļҲԽԽ
ˣұˡͻȻҶɫ䡣
һΣгıˡ
񣬺񡭡Ҷæ
ģѾˣϵһ̣һǿӹķֱӱħսա
ûᣡҶ۾һڸܵΧĽֹʧˣգŹ緽ȥ
Ӳģб
漴һƥĽ֮ɱ˳бˡΧһƬ֧飬һź۵ߣ̤ſռƬ
Ϲɫһû뵽ٶô죬Ҳû뵽ҶٶȻô졣
УڣɱҶ죬ȥɣĮؿС
ɫͻȻЩڸҶʱˡ


2063 ·˹
л̫Դˣ֪ʱ䣬ȻҲҷҡҶӳȥ֮󣬶ʱЦݣ˷ܵشЦ
ȻҲвԴ󣬶̫СˡϾ˭뵽Ҷٶô죬һߣ۷ǿߣҲԶԶûҶٶȡ
ΪܹסԶ
Կɣ񵭵˵
һֲ̣ԶϢϢħս߾
ȻλǿһԲϾʹ
ɱҶ졣ͻȻħս
Ƭ̺һλλħ߶Ҷ
Ҷһ߳Ź緽ȥһЦſȺΧĹħǡ
ɱңƾǣҶ֮ɫ
һ̣ҶһʩչеĹħǣȫܵ˾޴ѹΪԱ͡
ɡ
ҶӶϣ֮ռҵĵâһͬһƬ˲䱬ϯħս
ৣ
ħսһƬѪӰǱҶһֵĹħǣȫҶһɱ
һЩ۷ǿߣҶȫ֮£ҲشƴӳһķΧԶ
̶Ƭ֮䣬ħħս߾һ룬漫产ˡ
սУ֮ɫ
Сӣˣɫɱȴסˡ
У´ټҿɲôǱˡҶһһУͳŹ緽ȥһûٸˣ˶ҶʵˣһЩߣ𺳵ؿҶıӰ
ڣҶ̤Ϲĵ̺ʱԵ˿
ͬʱ֪޷ɱҶ죬Ժͺ֣תȥ
ҶǰЦſ˵Ҷ죬ȻûмǴ·˹ҿ˵㡣ˣ·˹Ӧúܾûˣȥɡ
ţҶ˵ͷڻô죬ֻˡ
˻֣Ҷȥ
Ǽһ˭Ȼɱ
涼Ԯˡ
Ҷ죿ôû˵
ǿôħߣȻɱĶס

ħս۷׷ס
ͬʱ
ģǣҶ˴˳ǡ
һǳӴ󣬲Ҽΰĳǳأ⿴ǺصĳǽͲ֪ӶڹǿĻ󷨣Ҷ춼ܵ˾޴в¶ֵܵǿߣǽ
ҶźڣͻȻܵһǿѹ֪УΧĿռƺڣ޷գַֻܱ״̬˲ƶС
ƺǿ¶޷Уֻǿϲ˲ơһЦ˵
Ҷ˵ͷЩ⣬Ͼǹģ󷨿϶
棡ԶĽֵϺȻһӰЩϤҶ۾һУϳ˴ˣ·˹
Ҷ漴
·˹ЦҶ죬ӦˣȽˣúϤһǹǡ
תͷҶ˵ȸ·˹Ϥһ£ʲôҪϵҡ
˵գ񶪸ҶһͨѶơ
ǣǰҶ˵ͷͨѶơ
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ʱ·˹ҲҶǰЦݵضҶ죺Ҷ죬þòû뵽ɳô죬Ϊ߾磬ҸղħսϢʱЩţû뵽һСС𣬾Ȼɳز治ͨغڰħĳš
ҲѾˡҶЦ˵·˹ϵ·˹ָǿʦ𡣶ңħѨҲ·˹ָ㣬·˹Ķ黹Ǻܴġ
Ҷ첻ϲǷ˶飬¿·˹ʵʲô͵
·˹ƺû뵽ҶȻһ£ſ˵õǴӣҵĹսܴ󡣡˵գйâһһ޴Ĵӣ䡣
ҶĿһɨ֪һҡҡͷ漴óһӣڻ磬ж׻Ƿħ
μ棬׻͸ɡҶ漴Ƿħݸ·˹
ס׻·˹Եɴ۾
һ׻һ˵սĺҵԺʱҪѰˡ
ֻƺЩأ·˹𾪵ؿҶ졣
ĳɾͣһ׻Ҳʲô㵱ָ֮㵱ұˡҶЦ˵
ҾͲˣ·˹ԲԥǷħЦݣԼҶ졣


2064 ѧԺ
Ҷ·˹׻˱֮⣬ҲҪ·˹Ͼڹزģиܹܶ鷳
Ҷ죬ȸɣҴȥס涼Ѿ㰲źˡǱߣ·˹Ƿħ֮󣬾ʹҶǰδ֪ס
Ҷ찵ЦһȻӹһ٣䵽磬Ҳ֪ǸǻΨһҵľԼûʲôԹٶԷҪ£ġ
ĿǰֻһһˣҪǿ֮ҲҵһЩջ񡣡Ҷ찵뵽
úһ޴ĸۡǰۡǳ󣬷ǳĻ԰ռܴҲԶ𼶱
ҶһסĵطԣۡӦⱲӵĿǰסõĵطˡ
·˹Ҷ븮ۡҶܸЩˣҶĽ⸮ۡԭһλ۷ǿߵģΪ¼ҹһս֮ۡˣոձˡǣҲõĸ֮ۡһǰ۷ǿҪûлõɴ˿ɼĿء
Ҷĳ֮Ҷǫ
ҿǵģϾҼ츳ߵˡ·˹Ҷܾ壬Ǽ֤ҶǿֳɳٶȣʹǹҲС
ǺǣҶ쵭һЦЩڴ֪ǿ֮޷ΪǿʱǷ񻹻ῴ
ϾҲֻһߣһ޷Ϊǿߵţ
Ҷ죬ߣҴȥ¥·˹
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·˹Цı£ܹɵ˺٣ҲֻЩǿ߼壬ͽ壬ԼѧԺ
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Ҷ˵ͷЩ⣬Ͼ·˹Ҳֻһѡ
·˹˵ҹϵλǿ߱Ǻλˣ֮⣬һ֪ģǿߣڽǹ϶УҲ֪Ҳûм
·˹ǿ߼ָҶ졣
ôѧԺأҶʵ
·˹¶羴֮ɫǹѧǹģĿľΪ˸ǹδǹǿߣǴѧԺ߳ģͰλҲˡ
˵գ·˹Щź˵ֻѧԺյӵҪ̫ߣǳŶȡҵ츳̫ԶˣѧԺӶûʸ񡣡
ѧԺҶƬ̣˵ĽĪǺѧԺЩϵ
˵Ľ·˹ЦĽѧԺȥģרڻĽռţҲѧԺһֲǵеһЩţлһΡŶҲˣǰһȺŽѧԺˡ
𣿡Ҷ۾һ뵽ĵһӰӦһ˰ɡ
ӰҶҶܾˣϾҶҪǰ硣û뵽˹磬֪Ӱ󣬻ʲô飿
ѧԺʹԺӦͬģܹУҲЩҶ찵뵽ѧԺȻǹѧôĹѧսĶġ
գҶ쿴·˹ʵ֪ܲܽѧԺ
Լڹ磬еģѧԺȥѧһЩ
·˹ͻȻЦ鶼ЩЦҶ죬㿪ʲôЦҴħս˵սˣɱЩ߸ɱһ򵥣۷ǿ߶Ķ֡ʵȥѧԺԺˣȥѧʲô
ҶЩΣղûпǵԼʵʱһ룬;ԼЩ׳ˡ


2065 ڰ
뿪¥֮Ҷ·˹ཻһͨѶӡǣظˡ
Ȼʱ޷뿪磬ҶͰԺŹͬʱμռ
Դӽ߾֮ҶͶһûʲôͷռѾܲɻɣǲ
ܼռôԶҲֻһߣʵҲ޷ˡ
Ҷ˵ռĸռԽǿŻԽԽǿ
֮Ȼ

ͬʱһ֮УԶ
һսоôŶĺ
ɫЩͣһﲻͨغڰħţĳɳܿ죬ӡǵھҲǿõǿӡǣ౻͸ˣʵѾܽӽˡ
Զݣͺǹϵǿߣ˵վǿߵ۷壬ֻǹħ½ǿߣû뵽Ȼôͽӽˡ
Ҳǰ׳ֵģҵҶ죬ͨغڰħĳŹȻûʧʵԶ۷徳硣漴Ц
Ҷ죡ҼǵСһһƣָ·˹ôħսЦ
ǻĽˣҪǰħֻ·һǱƿռȥħ磬һǼĽħ͵ħѧԺޣ·ܴ󣬺ױе֪ɡҲ²⣬Ǵ͵ɵ˹ħ磬ҲܹħսԭֻվǱ¶ݣܵе׷ɱ
ţġ˵ͷƲ
ǺǣʵֻҪʾ֪ˡ漴Ц
һü˵Ǹļһ
ҲֻˣǿߣӦû֪Ҷ졣˵ͷ漴óһɫƴ߶
һ̣֮¶һϤӰ
ϼһҸʲôͰһʵû˿֮ɫ
ŭ
ȴ˰ֱӿߵҺæл˵
Цһ£˵һˡ
˭ʵ
Ҷ죡˵
ʲôԭޱ鲻ˣȡ֮һҶ죿ĸҶ죿
ҪҲиҶ죬ںҲҶ죬Щ졣
һԻĽСһƺǴ͵ɵħģڱҸ˹硣˵һָԱߣʱ۳ҶΡ
۾һɣŭСô뿪ˣ
ȻʶЦ
ŭֹʶµͳ죬һôܾûܲˣԭǴħǱ͵ɵ˹ħ硣С쵰ӲСҲȥ磬ȻҴħ͵ɡ
˽⣬˵˵ɣЦ
ҧгݵ˵һʼֻһССֻΪħ֮սʱҫۣһΣҵۡԭ򣬻Ϊǿ֮һ߾ܹһλߵߡ
ʲôǿ֮ԱߵİԾ
Ҳɫһ䣬˵ߵǿ֮
ٺ٣ǻΪһǰȷǳţϧߵǿ֮ע޷Ϊǿߣǰ׷˼ˡһͰı飬֪ǵ뷨ʱϷŰ֮ɫ
̫ϧˣ̾һ
ҲЩź˵ͨغڰħĳţû뵽ȴǿ֮
ͨغڰħؿ
漴Ҷڳʼ˵
ԻȻ򣺡ԭСӻЩͷϧˣһţվԻˡٿԳΪǿߣǲҪĻ͵
Уǹ硣ҡͷ
ҲҡͷΪҿǺдսһôܰװ׸㡣
ߣɣһ˻Ϊâɢ
Ȼ֪Ҷ䵽磬ǲٻˡ
ʧ񣬿Цô죿οǰ׷һ˼ˡ˵ҪδСӣ
ԳŰɣϾһǿߣߵǿ֮ҲͨǿԺúõع۲һǿ֮Ͼǰûߵ߾硣
Ǿ°ɣ̾˿Ϊõһ鱦ȴ鱦Ѿϵˡ


2066 ʦ
ҶҶһһߵȴټ˺ܾãټȴٳδ
Ҳǿ߶æɣ
Ҷ뵽
ֹһʱ䣬Ѷ˵úڹ
Ȼûˡ
ǵģûȻˡ
׼ˡ
ҶƬ̣ԳһЦ֪ǿ֮ٿˡ
ҲãҶ˵ԷԼԼл뿪硣ԷԼԼ뿪
뵽Ҷ΢΢ЦȻûΣգҾͳô˻ᣬڹúÿǽѧԺûжռаġ
뵽ѧԺҶЩͷʵ޷ȥѧԱ
ˣܵѧԱҿȥʦȻҶ۾һһ⡣
˵ֻҪܹѧԺˣʲôݡ
£Ҷ촫Ѷ·˹ѯԼǷȥѧԺʦ
㣿ѧԺȥʦ·˹ӵҶĴѶһ㶣һŷӦЦõһǲǹˣʵѧԺ϶Ҫ֮ˣҾͲ֪ˣʺ档
ˣҶЦҡҡͷԼǰ׳գȻȥѯ·˹·˹ȻǹˣվֻһССܹ֪飿ֱʺɡ
գҶٸѶ
κܿͻѶˣٹñѧԺʱ䣬ֱӹȥɣѾѧԺкˡ
ǿߣǿ졣
Ҷ̾һ䣬漴ѯ˹ѧԺʱ֮󣬱صѶ
ת֮䣬ѧԺʱ䣬ǹĴӡ
һ죬ǹǵţԹǳصţеĳĳ壬еԼӸظ׼μѧԺĿˡ
ҶҲǰѧԺ
ѧԺռǳ޴йǰٷ֮һСλڹģڹǵ棬ЩƫƧ
ʱһƬޱȣڸضսڿշȥһλλţǰѧԺ
Ҷ췢ЩսķٶȱԼ֮󣬾֪Щսзģܹǵѹƣ˾Ͳ׼Լ·ǽһЩԭʯ󣬳һսǰѧԺ
֣
֣
һΪչرպͿأû뵽ҲһѧԺ
ٺ٣ұǲģǼϼһҪ
ŶѧԺǹѧô᲻
ΪˣҲ֪ѧԺ˶Ǳ̬ϼһҫ۵ţѧԺҲһ½ɫʱѿö

սϣʶԼ̸ʶҲлύģҲкҶһվڴͷŹǵķ⡣
Ҷ֪̽ս˵Ϊ֮𣬺дﵽġ
˹ԣѧԺΪ꼶һ꼶ǽ֮꼶۷е
ﵽ߾֮󣬱Ǳҵˡ
Ҫڼ꼶أҶ
ֱֻȥѧԺûиڼ꼶û˵ʲôˣǿ߱չر̫ˣ˵ǳ̰ɡ
磬㲻Ǳ˰ɣҶʱԱߴһЩö
ҶתͷȥȴûзԱߣȻһ£漴ͷſһСк̧ͷ
ԼãҶЩȵؿǰСкԷͲ󣬾ȻڵΪսϵ˶ߡ
ٺ٣磬ǹǵˣôôһѶûУСкʵ
ҶЦŵͷ˵ҵȷǹǵˣأΪܸߣ϶꼶ˣôᵽڲżѧԺ
ǰ̰棬ϲȥܵԼǱﳤġСкЩŭ˵
ǺǣҶЦЦԷͲǰƸСԶԷĳûмȥѧԺɣף
ȻҶһ
һʼҶ첢ûϸǰСкֻ㿴˶ԷһֶۣԷھû࿴ˡ
ǣҶһϸۿȴǰСȻͷߣ;ԲСҪöࡣ
磬òܸı䣬޷ֱ۵شò濴ͣǿԴΪ͹һ˵ΪԽߣԽȻҲЩٶȿţַǺ׼ȷ
ǹͲһˣһ˵Ĺͷֻɱ䣬ı䣬ÿһɱ䣬ڹͷºۼǹ䡣䣬㿴˵׼ȷ䡣
Ҷ˿̾ͷǰСкܴ󣬱һЩö࣬ԲһСк
Ҷ첢ûеƣҲԷϲٰСкء


2067 ҽ
磬ʲô֣СкҶ첻˵ʵЩ̸
Ҷ쵭ЦҽҶ죬أ
ҽ棡СкЩ˵
Ҷһ飬˵һﻹƤֶܽеó
棡
С棬ԭﰡĽþá

ȻŮӣһСкϲ˹һŮӻСкŮҲΧСк
СкԵúܹɣһһţЩŮǺܿġ
ԱߵҶɫǳŹ֣ΪСкֲʱЩŮϿͣȻĺܲ⣬ûŮǵע⣬ȴӲҶ˫ۡ
һ
Ҷо۾٣ԭһСкΪ˸顣
Скαװǳ棬ûҶΪ¶һԿóʵ飬οЩ֮Ůǡ
ȻҶҲ飬޹أת͹ǵľɫ
սٶȺܿ͵ִѧԺһ˷׷´ǰ޴ѧԺɱȥ
ҶȻԷУΪ˲ע⣬Ҳ˷ɱ
μ˵ˣϾܴôźȻѧԺܰȫսȥͨ˲С
ⲻһѧԺ֮ǾͷΪ֣һ֮һߵĿ˶һ
ҶһȺǽѧԺǰѧԺʦڳ̫ˣʦҲ̫æˣʱˡ
ֻҶû뵽ѧԺĿ˷ǳֱոպȺǽһ㳡ѧԺĿ˾Ϳʼˣһ޴Ļþֶ
ѧԺѧһأǲ־ģֻ־ǿ󣬼ᶨˣܽѧԺһʦ
ҶԲЦԼȻЩѧһμӿˣﵱʦİ
ҶЦʱ򣬻þѾʼˣеѧԱڻþ֮УѣһЩ־ᶨˣܿͱ̭ȥˡ
Ӧһ߲õĻþҶĿһɨþǻõһĸ֣ǰþͬ
ףСһ־üᶨԺĻþȻûáԶһЩѧԺʦҲڹ۲죬һӾͿҶ졣
Ϊþ赲ټҶʵǲûпҶΪ
ܿ죬ʱţ̭ҲԽԽࡣ
ԭǧǣҲֻʣһˣ̭ĲпҶ찵࣬ѧԺϸ񰡣̭ˣеšң滹пˣֻеĳţܹѧԺ
ҶĪظһȺǣͨѧԺĿˣѧԺͨտ˵ʱҶѾֻʣһˣһѧԺ꼶
ֵһǣǸҶкЩСкȻҲͨ㿼˽ˡ
ڶ꼶ϣҶһٶʦѧԺĸֹء
Ҷ챾λʦ˵ԼӦƸʦģλʦѧԺϢ̲סţϾѧԺҲ˽⣬֪һҲá
ȽѧԺĸֹغϢ֮ʦЦŶ˵Ƕһҽһ°ɣϾʱ䣬ǶͬͬѧˣпܻΪܵսѻ顣
ʱһȥҽܡ
ҽˣǣҵĸһλǿߣҽҲҪһΪߡðɣһҫҵġ
ҽСȥˡ
ٺ٣λǺãҽ档ֵȥʱӣʱ˲ٰŮǵϲֻҶɫһڣƲƲ졣

ιˡͻȻҶ챳һһ£Ҷŷֵ֣Լȥҽˡ
λͬѧԼһ°ɣʦҲߴٵ
ףСкʱҲҶ죬оЩϤ΢һ룬ԼսϺҶкֻû뵽ҶҲܹͨ˼ѧԺ
ҲһţֵǣҾȻ͸Ϊ涢Ͻ̨Ҷ찵뵽
̨ϣҶ쿴Աߵʦ
Ҷ쿪˵ҽҶ죬ӦƸѧԺʦģĪغһͨ˿ˣΪѧԱҲǵԵְɡ
ҶĻһ䣬ǣŴͣɴ۾һĿࡣ
ԱߵʦҲĿɿڴΪҶڿЦҶܿͷųԼߵǿϢ
£϶ѻȸˡ


2068 
һγ֮󣬱һƬȻ
찡ߣ
ҿʲô
ҺЦ
ǽͷӶ۷׷ס
СкҲһ㶣漴̨ϵҶ죬һȻʦҿһﲻᷢҵ˰ɣ
ЩϾҶߣ϶Կóʵ䡣
ˣҶˡ
һԵʦӦˣŽ̨ϵҶ죬漴ЩЦõ˵λҶͬѧҶʦƼ𣿡
ǺƼҵģѧԺ߲ϵһ¾֪ˡҶ쵭˵
Ƽģԣ𺳲ѣ˵Ǵ˵еĴڣλͻĽִһ
ԱߵʦҲ𾪣æϵѧԺ߲㣬ܿҶݼ
Ҷʦ
֪Ҷ֮λʦ࣬æ˵ҶʦʵʤѧԺĸԺݣֻƸΪѧԺĸ߼ʦ
Ҷص˵ͷϾһˣôѧԺĸԺʵ߼ʦʲô𣿡
߼ʦרŽ꼶ģͨʦֻܽһͶ꼶ֻ۷ǿ߲θ߼ʦλʦ͵ֻھ硣
۷壡
֪Ҷ۷壬ʱٶȻȻ
СкЦ֪Լܿ϶Ҷˡ
ⲻҶ컹ƳһۣŲѡ
ҶʦҴȥ꼶ɡãԱߵʦΧˡ
Ҷ漴λʦǰ꼶
·ϣλʦ˵ѧԺһ꼶Ͷ꼶ֱ༶ࡢͨࡣ꼶ȴֻΪͨࡣѧԱ۷徳磬Ҷǳţڳ±еܹߣǿļ̬ܹܳߣǲѧԺĶš
Ҷ찵ͷǹ磬ҲܹߣԷǳеѶȣܹһ㣬϶е
ڻĽʱҶ첢û˵ǸԿߣ˵ˣҲõɣҲȥ֮ġ
ȻҲϾĽûˣûǿߣֻлĽִһڹ磬жλǿߺͶλģԴҲȻĽö࣬Ȼǿš
꼶мʦҶ漴ʵ
ǰ·ʦæͷѧԺÿ༶λʦֱѵʦʵսʦͽʦ꼶ÿȱһλѵʦѧԺ߲㲹ȱȥ
ʦۺ񰡣Ҷи̾
ڻĽ磬ﵽ֮󣬾ͲѧԱˣҪԼˡȴרŵ̵߽۷ǿ̵߽ҪαȣȵùŹ֣
úҶ꼶࣬ʦʵսʦڣҶ·ʦϤʶ
꼶Ľʦһߣ˹أһ۷ǿߣֺܸߣʵ۷嵱Ҳǿļ֮һ
ʵսʦɪգһŮͷܴ󣬳һǿ߼壬Ҳ۷ǿǿļ֮һ
Ҷʶ֮Ϊʦеľ
ʲôħ죬ѧԺһȣ̫Զˡ
ҶʦʵսΣҴȥʶһѧԱɡɪնҶܿϾѾħսҶĿֲսҶֻһߣҲС
ǰҶʦȸɪʦȥʶһѧԱҲ÷ϿΡԱߵı˹ҲЦ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ſɪսҡ
ڣһѧԱڶſڿ
Ҷ֪ѵʦ
ι˵ѵʦ˭
ǹ۷徳ǿҲǼ˰ɣǺûգ֪˭
ϣʿ֮ǰǸɰĥˡ
ϲĥұøǿ

ѧԱǵ̸
༶һһλŮȻŮȴЩ룬ѧԱʱŲм֮ɫԸ򽻵
ɫЩࡣ
ڴʱɪպҶһͬҡ
Ȼ̧ͷɴ۾ŵضŸڿɪպҵҶ죬СŵĺܴһƬ
Ҷ죿ô
Щš
ͬʱҶɨѧһۣ˲Ϳڽϲɵ¶һĨ΢Ц֮ɫ
Ӱþò
ԺȻҶ
ĵһӰΪνһŴҽޡ
ϵˣΪ֪ԻĽ磬Զܲмֳϡ


2069 𺳵ѧԱ
꼶࣬ɪվڽ̨ϣһѧԱǽҶ졣
֪ҶԼѵʦ֮ѧԱǶʱ棬һҶϸۿ
ڽӰҲһĿɿڴû뵽Ҷ첻˹磬ΪѧԺʦ
Ҳ̫ϷԻ˰ɡ
ͻȻǰһѧԱվüͷԿɪ˵ɪʦλҶʦֻһλߣƾʲôǵѵʦ
ѧԱǣҲҶΪˡ
ϾЩѧԱ۷徳磬һеٮٮߣҶΪ֡
Ǻǣ
ɪտǰվѧԱ΢ЦȻҶʦֻһλߣħսȴһնɱ˼ٸħߣвٸߵߣмλ۷ǿ߱˶ӡ
ʲô
һѧԱĿɿڴš
ڽӰǵֱ۾
ǸվʵѧԱҲŵɪʦ˵𣿡
ɪЦǼҲħսҳʾ֪ˣѾħս
ɪһ˵ҲˣϾײѯֽЩ𺳡
һߣȻǿ̶ֳȡ
ŴеһѧԱɪЦż˵ٸһԾ飬λҶʦ֮µľʱͨ˺ڰħ
ʲô
һѧԱٶˡ
ڰħǹħĳƺǹ磬Ǹǿģµ۵ƵķƷûйȴԼһ˵츳ȼÿһͨˣֻҪܳΪǿߡ
ʹǹ磬ҲѾܾûгһͨعĳˡ
Ҷʦʸ𣿡ɪտųԾˣ΢΢һЦǰİ
Щ˵ȻܹҶʦ̵ǵҡ˵꣬Ҷ칪һȻ
ɪ漴ԱߵҶ˵ҶʦѧԺĿγһԪһΣҲ˵λʦÿ˸һԪҽʵսΣȵһԪѵΡ
ˣҶ˵ͷ
ɪմʱóһƵݸҶ죬˵ƣѧԺ˴б֮⣬ط㶼ǳͨ衣
Ҷӹƣ΢΢һ̾ԼЩģǸб϶Ƿùǿ󹦷ѧĵطȻ˿
ǿɪսѧԱʵսˣνʵսξսпɪ³һѧԱսҲпɪǰץһЩħǿߣǸЩѧԱս
Ϊɪ֪ЩѧԱ׼ȷʵԸҵĹħǿҲǺǲʵԴǳңѧԱʤҲǲʤ
ҶһԿЩľʵս̫пˣˣԻӵзḻʵս顣
Ҷ죬û뵽Ҳ˹磬Ϊǵʦ治󰡡ϢʱӰҵҶ죬ڻЩš
Ҷ쿴Ӱ΢΢Ц㿴Щ밡
ӰƲƲǶǹĳţֻԻĽݱʵ츳Ҷǲ࣬ǵȻҡ
ҶԲ÷ӰȻĵһţҲﵽ۷徳磬ڳʵûУôܱȵЩ̬ѧԱأЩѧԱɶܹߵĴڣҲڳ±ʵǿޱȡ
һת۾ʹﵽ߾磬ʵǿϢ˻Ľ磬˶ޱȰɡӰЩؿҶ졣
ǺǣҲŬɣܹ˵أҲĻԵŬԼɣ㲢ǲ٣ֻǱȲǵԴѣֲһʱ򡣡ҶЦ
ǷǳѧԺ꼶Դжô㹻Ļԭʯʹͣλ۷ǿߵԽ̵㻹ǰ׳ˡ
ҵҪ󲻸ߣܹڴ˽߾ͺˣڻĽҽںϣΣûߵľ磬ѱӰ˵
һԵģҶ찲οȴûиҲͻĽںˣʱǿսʱ򣬹߾ǿ߶Ǵ½ɫܸͬߡ
ҲΪܵЩΣҶŻôƴʵΨ̤ǿ߾磬ӵԱİա
һǿߣǽҲѽɱǿ߾磬ǳǿ󣬼ɱۡĳǿߡ


2070 ͼ
һɪյʵս֮Ҷ͸뿪ˣѧԺڶԹѧԺͼݡ
ǵģǰ¥ͽͼݣһͨͨ֡
˼壬ͼ涼飬ǹ伮һЩ飬һ鼮ǰʲô͵鶼С
ͼȻѧԺɣȴѧԱԼ׵ģѧԺĹأֻҪǽѧԺѧԱڱҵǰҪһ飬ԴľѧսõĲȱ伮ʣԡ
Ҷ֪һصĵط̲סǰ鿴Ȩޣͼ㹻
ͼݷǳ󣬹ô£ѧԺҲ֪˶꣬ѧԱµ鼮Ҳܶࡣ
ͼҲרŵ˷鼮ļֵȻռֵĸߵͣԽǼֵߵ飬ڷͼݵ߲㡣
Ҷֱ߲㡣
߾磬ܹ۷ǿߵˣͼҲߣϾߺͱҵˣΪЩµĶδããҲֻЩֵߵ飬ֱͼݵ߲㡣
ͼһʮ㣬һͨ쳹ء
Ҷֱ㣬Ӽֵߵ鿪ʼ
ţ֮ӡǣͻȻҶͫȻп˻֮ӡǡ
Ȿһ֪ǰѧԱģΪ츳ܳԱѡΪǰѧԺһʱ䣬ʱص֮Уھһ˳˵ڿһüл֮ӡǵߣԷˣҲȻӵж׷ɱˣ֮Ϊˡ
ѧԱӳ󣬾Ϳż䣬һԼڵ·ĲȱͼȻԼʣһͼݡ
ǿоƲ֮Ǿû֮ӡǺӡһ϶ӵлĴУⱾűΪֵߵġ
ֻǵǳΣգԽΪߵ˽ȥΣԽ󣬾˵Ѿһλλǿˡ
֮һأ˸Ҵ
û뵽֮⣬Ȼл֮ӡǴڣѵһҲ֮ӡǣ
Ҷ쿴֮üͷ塣
һֱΪԼĻ֮ӡǶеģڿӡһҲܹá
֮ӡǣӡǣ
ۣ
Ҷһ뵽޵ﶼԼйأ֪ΪΣּɵĸо·һεĴԼ
ָоҶǳϤΪ֮ͳʼʱָо
ˣʵ̫̽Щʱ򡣡ΣҶҡҡͷһ顣
ܹͼݵ߲㣬ЩļֵȷܸߣѧԱľ޾ѧҲо˵ʣжĶؼ⡣
Щ鵱УҶܵ˹ǿΪЩı󣬶һ츳ѧԱеˣеȴΪǿߣǽΪ˹֧
ͼ֮Ҷһֱۿ鼮Ҷˡ
Щ飬Ȼûãȴ׼ȥ顣
úҶ쿴ǿ֮һʱۿ
ǿ֮ѧԺһţܻеߣֻʱûۣȻ϶ܹͨ
ڴ˵ʵУҶ췢ִ˺ԼһǧŰپʮ֮׼߾磬ȴ޷ǱصһȻҶһԼһ䲻ϵ׳
ϧȻ츳ܳѧԺӴԴЭȴûҶǰǿʧˣڽߵʱ򱻻񷣺ɱ
һ콾ʹ䡣
µǿ֮ȴΪ񷣵ĳ֣ڹ磬磬һơ
ڶǿߺͽ׷ǿ֮տ϶·ǿ󣬲ǿ֮ѣҲױȵġңɹɹ񷣽ߺҲѴﵽǿ߾硣
ڽǾ͸ˡ
ĴҲ϶ǿ֮ǿһɹ֮ͬо޵еġ
ҶЩıȻ·ѣǿ֮ȻõôĿ϶ô˵ǶԵģֻ̫ˣû˳ɹ
ҼȻԳɹɹ񷣽߾磬ôһҲԽǿ߾磬ڽ
һ̣Ҷ첻ԥٵģһ˫ڵ棬˼Ŀ⡣
޵еţҶչֳ
һص˵ݴ½ռʱľ


2071 һ·
ϧûЩǿ֮ϢܹõҲ֪һˡ
Ҷе飬Щź뵽
Щﶼǿߺͽˣ϶ǿ֮һ
Ҷ첢żΪͼڵ鶼ѧԱ׵ģͼݵԱߣһ¥¥๦ս;ѧǹ⿪ŵģѧԱǺʦѧϰ
ҲС
Ҷ߳ͼ֮ϾȥԱߵ¥
Ҷ쿴˲ǿĹպġս塷ȫģҶ찵׼еľ裬ԼЩ幦;ͬ飬Ȼá
⣬Ҷ컹￴ġʮ˷ħ֡һЩǿսЩ⿪ţò֤˹ǿ
Ҫ֪ѧԺڣһ¥бǲѧԺڹҪĵطһλǿأΪĶǹǿҪĹ;ѧֻһЩ츳ҵõѧԺ߲ϿɵĹӵܣʸȥ
Ҷˣǲܽȥġ
ҶԹǿ󹦷ȤҪǿ֮йطϢ
¥Ҷ첻ϵѰйǿ֮鼮Ӵ֪£ܿͱҵһЩ飬ǹǿߺͽǿ֮Ϣ
ȻУ
Ҷʱϲ
ϣˣû뵽һ塣
Ҳԣǿ֮ϢȻ󣬵ǿ֮ͱΪ˳ɹɣҲûЩϢ봫б䣬ǷҶ漴뵽
ȻãЩǿߣҲпҪ˴̼Щǿ֮ѧԱǣӶ֪ˣ죬ǽ̬
ҶЩȲЩ飬ۿ
ȴǿߵּǻǿȻٿġ
󣬻йǿ߽еϢ
Ϣ̫ӴˣټϻɬѶҶ㿴꣬Ŵһ·
Ǿɣ
ɸĵռøǿ
ܼ򵥵ĵֱӵĵҲ˵ı
ǣҪôѡ
ǿǣǸҶһ·ǾǷ꣬ͳһңҺͱһӵһ꣬ӵһռ
һñңñҵռҵռ·
ռռռǿһռͻøǿ
չǿߵ߼ȳɹҺ󣬼꣬ڶңȻɣٷѣɣһֱȥֱռúͻһǿǾͳɹˡ
Ҷ쿴֮󣬸оЩ˼飬ЩϢ˲ǿߺͽһȺġ
ѣڱ˴ɣٷѣɣһֱȥ־ټᶨˣҲᱻŪɷӣֶ˸˸ѣ߻ħ¶Ҫˡ
ҪǣôǰᣬԼ㹻ǿ겻ǿ󣬷֮¶޷ռˡ
У̫ˣ²ҲֻʣһûоıҪָܻ
ǻָʱԽΣԽ
Ϊ֮ͻˣһʼûм䣬ʱţļԽԽ󣬵ȵɵʱᷴ㣬ɳɹˣҲΪӴļ߻ħ
ԣڷ֮ҲŸ׳ɹ
ֻǣĲƣϻָ
·ļѣ˵Щ֮Ȼǿ϶ǿ֮ǿ󣬵Ҳ϶˿Գɹ
ѣҪԻ񷣵ɱҪԿѹû˸·
Ҷ쿴֮󣬰ϲǡ
ϲǣ·Ȼѣкܶϣǿ󣬱ӵб˰÷Ͼָܹ
ǵǣϵط꣬ϵɣôʹɹˣǸҶ죬
ҶȻΪԼ־ǿޱȣԼرңֹķѡȥҲҿ϶ԼǷԼֵס
Ϊʵ̫ˣ̬
Ѿûѡˣ
ҶԳЦЦ
Ѿ·û˳ĿܣԸһͣڳ߾硣
ȻǲܵģҪΪǿߣҪΪڸǿľ硣
һ̾
Ҷ飬뿪¥׼ȥúһЩϢȻپǷҪ
һѵľ񣬾ҪѡҶҲҪһ׼
Ͼ·̫Σˡ


2072 ¥
Ҷûԥã߷·ż˹λǿߺͽǻۿ϶дԼҲΪǶԵġ
һж
ռѾﵽһԲ̶ȣҪ׳ֻĵѾǿռôֻʣ»ˣǻ̫ǿˣڵռǾһֻϺһͷĲôɣ
ԣռռҶΨһ·
ȻˣҶҪú׼ˡ
걾ǿһȻƣҪ׼ҶһҶΨһҪǵıǷ֮ƣ֮⣬лҪԿҪ˱֧š
ˣҪϻָϾҪɷѳҡ
ȻǶԿ񷣣ҶһεĻ񷣸ӿ£һôɣ׼һЩɽٵƷ
ȣҶ뵽Ǳ˰ǿ߶ϻָҶ;Լ׳ˣֻһߣھ̫˷ˡ
ңҶֻʮ˰˭֪Ժ󻹹ãһõĻɲðǰһˡ
Ҫǣ滻˰ΪλҪ˷ѱ˰ңĻ϶סĴǣ֪б˰Ǵ
ԣھ֮Ҷ뿪Ҷ·˹Լǰ̻ᡣ
·˹ϴεõҶһ׻νֶ̣浽ȻԼҲҶ챣ֹϵһССƾʲô˺ۡ
ҶԤϣ̻Ȼ¥
ﲻǳԷĵط𣿡Ҷ첻ʵ
·˹Ц¥ҪѼζȣȻҪǰ磬ǵȻְ̻ᡣ
¥Ӧòǹ˴İɣҶ
·˹˵ͷ˵˵¥ıһλĽϣ¥¥һλǿߣҲˡ¥ܴǹ紴¥ǸǹõҪǹƽ֡
һǹ屣ݻ¥ܰˣǸҶЦ˵
·˹ҲЦЦ¥ôģڹħҲôġң˵ҪȥĽ翪¥ˣΪĽҽںˣгǳӴ󡣡
Ҷ԰뵽гӴ󣿺ٺ٣ϻҪںˡ
뵽磬ҶЩһںϣĴɱȻ˵ǵĶҽ磬мŻĽ磬ԻĽ϶Ӳһ١
ԺȻѾɢˣҶ쵣ģҶѿɶڻĽ磬⿿һˣΪܹסϾǿ߲սпܳ֡
ϧڱڹ磬Ȼʵ㹻סˡҶЩҪ뿪顣
˼֮䣬Ҷٴ¥
¥׵̻ᡣ
ΪҶѧԺ߼ʦݣӴǵ¥ĸ¥ͬһλߣһ۷ǿߡ
Ϊ¥¥磬ǿߣ¥ͳһֻи¥
ԭҶִݹ٣ҶħսһսԶﰡҶ¥ԡ
¥ĸ¥Цݣǳ
ʱţҶĿֲսѾڹϲ֮д鿪ˣΪһ۷ǿߣ᲻֪
¥ˣҶЦЦȻżɽ˵ҪһЩˡıܹϻָƵı
¥¥һϵЦݸˣıϻָƵı߾磬Ǿ޴ļֵʣҶĽף϶ǷǳӴ
ԣ¥¥ӿˣЦ˵¥鲼磬Ҳа취ȥҲѼҪķѵǳӴԱļ۸Ҳܸߡ
ֻҪã۸û⡣Ҷ˵ǲƴ֣ʮ׻ټһǧڻԭʯ㹻ֵʮλ۷ǿˡ
¥¥Ե˵ͷ漴ЦҪ˵˵ڤı˰ڤ̫Σˣǿߺͽ޷ȥԺѻáֱǿߺͽҪ߿𡣡
Ҷ˵ͷ˵жš
Լȥ⣬Ȼ֪Σա
ڱ˰֮µƷʥһλǿʦƳ˵ҩǿ߶ã˲ָơȻ۸ҲܰһžҪһںͻԭʯ۷ǿҲֻһ¥¥˵
Ҷ۾ʱһ


2073 ϴ
¥¥˵ʥЧҶʱ۾һ֪ԼҪıºԥ˵ȸ˿Űɣ
ʲô·˹
ղŷһʥһڻԭʯ˿Ҳǰ˰ڻԭʯôԭʯ
¥¥ҲһЩ𾪵ؿǰҶ죬̲ס˵Ҷ֣һʥһڻԭʯһԭʯ
֪ȸ˿ţҶЦ
һǧڻԭʯ㹺˰˿ʥʣڻԭʯ
Ǯԡ
ãҶԵȣϸȡ¥¥Ҷ첻˵ЦЩ˵漴ȥȡʥ
һһλ߾ͰѰ˿ʥ˹¥¥ؿһҶ죬λ˿ʥǮ
ҶʱѾó˰ڻԭʯ¥¥˽ףһԵ·˹Ƥֱ̾磬Ȼǲġ
˿ʥҶͺ·˹뿪ˡ
߲ãҶյɪմϢԷѵʱˡ
ҶԼѧԺͼݡ¥ʱ䣬ټϻ˼ǿ֮ʱ䣬ҲȷֵԼȥϿˡ
ǣҶ·˹ֱǰѧԺ
ȥģֻܵ¸ԪˡҶɹȻһЦû̫żһж׼ˣؼһʱ
ңڹ磬еʱ䡣
ҶѧԺ󣬿ɪպҶ򵥵ؽ£ǰһȺѧԱҶ졣
Ҷ쿴Ⱥ츳ڵĹţѧԱҲҶ죬ǶڴҶѵΣ֪λǿ߻ôѵǣ
ҶֻǶ΢΢Ц׼𣿡
ѧԱһ㶡
ǰϲʵİٴվʵҶʦ˵ʲô
˵׼ѵ𣿡Ҷ΢΢һЦҾͨõ׼ˣҾҪʩչýˡҵĻý֮Уǻᾭܶĥѣкô
˵úʵҶ͵ţǶûκκô
ԣҶ׼ʩչý磬ɣҲ
ý磿ԿЦҶʦֶѾǰѵʦˣǵ־Ҳ㹻ᶨʦܲЩµֶΡ
ҵĻýǲһҶ쵭˵
ε£ûжڴˣѧԱҲˡ
Ѿ׼ˣҾͿʼˡҶɨǰһѧԱ漴һ䣬ʩչ˻ý硣
䡭
Ҷתջñ䡷ʮô罵٣ЩѧԱС
ʵҪûýӰЩ۷εѧԱ̫ˣЩԽ˳ߣ޷ĻýӰ졣
һЩѧԱͳڻý֮Уڱʮ˹һЩСׯȻƾԼŬһݴ½پڰսߴֿ֮ǳ棬Ϊ֮Ľ硭
ҶĺֱӰԼߵ·ЩѧԱٴһ顣
ҲкôģôĳҶ
ⲻһԪȥҶ쳷ý磬ڳѧԱҲһڽÿ˵ʶ˾޴ı仯һжżᶨŵĿ⣬ʼղ򵹵ļǿġ
һ˵ʵ˵
ԭͨһ۷壬á

ʱһѧԱǶڻԼղŵһһ϶¶Цݡ
ÿ˵ʣ˺ܴı仯
Ҷ濴ķЩѧԱʣѾһͻĽһҲûڹĽ̬˶Ը߾׷׷ľķǳǿҡ
һɱ䡣
ôֱ仯
Ҷ㶣漴ϸ˼Ƭ̣ŻȻ
Щ˵ˣЩ˶ǹ֮ӣǵĸĸ֮ϵǿһ˿µеһ֮б̬һǺҶ졢岻һûоСǱ黹ҪǿĴڣȻҲȱִСһ۷ľ
ʵϣ˶ˣǸû뵽ַȥѧԱ
ҶûýЩѧԱǴСķ۷徳磬ڴǵ꾭һϴԲŻ־޴ı仯
Ҷʦ̫лˣҴû뵽Сķ˴ڣҲһΣͨѵҷкܶҾϾҪˣҪȥչءվҶ칧һȻʹҴ뿪ˡ
󣬲˺ͰһҲ뿪е˺ͰһҪͻƾˣеǸܶ࣬Ҫȥú¡


2074 
꼶ĽҶЩؿǰһ뿪ѧԱǣĲҪǿֻ߰͵һ£û뵽Ч
ЩϴѧԱǣߵָ߶ȣ
Ҫ֪Ǳ츳ͱ̬ټϹӴԴǵнƻǿ߰ɡ
Ҷ죬ղǾĻý磬һɡӰһ뿪ģҲлһҶ죬漴ʵ
³ģҶЩؿӰ
Ӱ΢΢һЦ֪棬飬֪һЩ顣
ŶҶȻ
Ӱ˵ܹСһĺܺã̫ˣллҶʦ
Ӱ뿪
һγƺҶʦ
Ⱥһ
ǰյĽңҶйâһϣԺҪΪҵĵˣҲġ
ҶҲ뿪˽ҡ

ǣһΰĹ֮С
Ӷ
·˹˵Ҷ¥˰˿ʥ˵
һЦ˿ʥǰ˰ڻԭʯ۷ǿҲûۣǮ
ֵطɱϣͨɱ˻սƷ˷ҲЦ
Ϊι˿ʥҪĻҲ㹻ˣٶ˷ˣԼΪ漴ɻ
΢΢ЦʹˣѧԺһֱͼݺ¥Ѽǿ֮Ϣ
һ漴𾪵СѵҪ׼ꣿ
ģ̾˿漴ò˵ҲСӵȻ·ǹڶǿߺͽݳģϾû߹̫ѣû뵽ô
һӣ̲ס˵һ⣬ѣ߻ħһڵɽϵ·
ɣǳɹʧܣǻ۾顣ҲδҲһλǿ֮š˵
˵ͷ
ǲŲҶ˵ҶֻǵƷҪͨ۲Ҷ죬õǿ֮ľˡ

ҶҶѾ׼һУ׼ʼꡣ
·ǷȷڴһˡҶһޱȼᶨʱ״̬ﵽǰδе۷塣
ǳΣգȻǹǣҶ컹ǲ󷨣ټϲ׻Եֵµǿˡ
ˣǶ̫ˣ϶񡢰ע⡣
񡢰ҪɱҶôӲԷɱôҲûĸ߸
һ֮ҶͿʼꡣ
ﵽ֮֮ѾΪһ壬굽Ҷ̶ֳȣҪҲɡ
ˢ
˲䣬ҶϿգһӰεҶ죬Ҷꡣ
һ̣Ҷʧȥ֧ţ˵ذϡ
Ҷ첻ܲˣʼ꣬һǰδеʹ࣬ͺñһõԼг룬Ҷ컹иԼ꣬ʹ־ᶨ˶ˡ
ҶȻǿ־ᶨʱҲ۵Ť˵궼ڲ
֪ԼͣһͣˣͻṦһ񣬶һװòʧ
ҶֻҪҧأţŷ˵ĥ
ʱ򣬿ؿõһҶһģһӰڴҶҡ
һѶʹḶ́Ҷܵǰδеʹ࣬ϧʵ壬Ļڿ϶Ǵˡʹ࣬ӵǿңԶԶԽʹ
סס
ҶҧޱȼᶨܷҲԷ
Ҷ뵽Լˣ뵽Լѣ뵽Լͽǡ
Щ˻ڵȴԼҪͻĽںˣûȥǿܱЩںˡ

ҴҶ֮г׷ʱҶ̲ס˻һ·֮ʲô־ҵʹһ˲ǿ򱶣ֱҶȥ
Ҳ֪ȥãҶ컺ʱѾع
ʱĶ棬һһģһˡ
ˣҶ쿴Լ˵
ҶŶԼ֪ԼɹˣʱɫЩŹ֣ԼһģһľѧʽҶҲᡣ
ʼҰɣʱԽҵһᷴҶ쿴Ҷ첻˵˵
Ҷ֪³𣿡
ұһˣǵġҶ쵭һЦ
Ҷһ漴Ȼ򣬶Ҷӵкһļ䣬˵Ҳδⲻɡ
ʱţҶһЩԼľʱ¾ͻķҶˡ
գҶóһʥ£׼ָơ


2075 ٴζɽ
ָ֮ҶͿʼңԭ˲£ǵռҲ£ҪɶԷ
ҷǳҶɣһ㷴ס
ˣҶҲǺķ˰ʱųɵҡ
䣡
ǿϢҶϼ
ռռ֮ǸһһڶĽԶԶʱҶоԼռ֮ǰǿʮֹ
ͬʱҶľҲе߲ΣΪʵ˲䱩ǡ
ڵʵֻҪʩչ˲ħľžŹһ֮ӵ۷սҶϲɫ
ǿ֮Ȼǳɹһõʵ̫޴ˡ
֮ǰҪʩչһԷΪټеܻ۷ǿߡ
ڣܿЩ۷ǿˡ
ټһУҶԼԻܰ벽ǿĺˣЩͨ۷ǿ٣ˡ
ӵһУעȺս
ϧһ޷ԿǿߣҶ찵һ̾Ҫ뿪磬ǾͱԺ߰
ֻпǿߵлߡ
ǿ̫ǿˣ벽ǿȻ˵ĺʵǿ֮ʵܴͬһ蹵
ȣǿߵĻôǿߵ֮ǿҶжԶԷûκá
ΣһҲ޷ѹǿߣϾǿ߲̫һ滹ûдﵽܹѹǿߵĳ̶ȡ
㣬ͷϵҶ޴ơ
Ȼ󣬽ƾҶʵֻ۷ǿߣθǿ߶Կ
ҶһΣﵽߵ߾磬Ҳ޷Կǿߡ
Ҳҽ۷徳磬ǿǿǰɡҶЩȷ뵽
ǿ߷ǳֲҲԼܹ߾ǿߣǸʵ
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ȻֲڹϿۡ
һʱ䣬𶯣̧ͷ񷡣
Ƭ嫵֮УͻȻ٣ѪɫлۣµĻţƥ˵궼ڲ
ʲôˣ
˾
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ֻкͰµʲô
ɹˣ𾪡
Ҳ𾪣漴ֻһСѣе߾磬·ӵΣա
Уɽ٣Ƕˡ˲ƵҶϿա
ͬʱҶҲɳҶ
СӣŪĶ̫ˣٵǵġŶҶ죬Щ壬Ҷе߾磬ȻǳɹˡһС
ǰҲȥҷеٶ̫ˣ򿪹ǵ󷨽ƲСҶæ˵
ã˵ͷ漴ִֹǵ󷨡ȻֻǴһӡ
ˢ
ҶӦ󷨱һǣϾ˲˳ȥҼ˲Զǡ
ҲҶȥϿյǿѹʱɢȥһ˿ղǽǸеͷԤУʵֲ̫ˡ
䣡
Ѫɫ׻գݺݵغҶ졣
ԶǺҶʩչžŹһ֮ʵﵽ۷徳硣
ӵ۷ʵҶ컹ǱһѪɫ׸ˣ뿪˹ǣһƬɽҰ룬£ƬɽҰ붼ˡ
¡¡
һεĻ񷣸ӵĿֲһ׽Ž٣Ѫɫ˺Ѳ񷣬գƬش֧ˡ
Զĺ񿴵Щľ۷ǿҲ޷ֿٰɣ
Ŀ˻񷣣Ÿʶǿ֮ļѣܳɹ
ÿµ٣߳գԱߣŲԶɽٵҶ죬ɵø̾
вʥһӦÿ԰ȥ˵
˵ͷ漴ҡͷһεȷ԰ȥҲһҲ԰ȥʵǿʥЧҲǰʱ޷Կˡ
ȥҵ˰С˵
ҡͷȺڤԽԽˣǰС˴ڤȥˣ˵һλӳֵģԺ󶼲б˰ˡ
ǺǣˣôŪһڤ׷ˡݸһЦ
ʱ򣬲ԶҶѾʼ̷ʥָˣһεĻ֮ǿٲʥҪ׸ˡ
ʥܹ˲ָΪҶаռ


2076 
׵ǳֲһһȺһȺغҪ֪Щɶǿ۷ǿȫһĹҶȻԵֵסмǶҲסֻʥ
õʥҶŰһεĻ񷣸ȥˡ
֮ǰõһʥһνе߾磬Ҷһõʥڻԭʯ
Ҷ춼ԼЩݳˡ
ݳޣϾھñ˰̫˷ˡ
Ҫ֪˰ļֵҪԶʮٱʥ
ৣ
ԶͰ˲Ƶ˴˵ء
֮ϵĻѾȥˡ
ҶЩƣվǰλǿ߹һ񣺡Ҷĳλǰ
ƻðɣЦŹĵ
лģûʲô󰭣ҶмܶԷĻǼٹģ湦Ҫġ
ǺǣǾͺãˣûϲеءǿ֮ȻѣѾߵһνǰ޹˺߰Ц
Ҷǫǰˣ˵ڤʾпǿ֮ɹģԷߵ˽磬Զ

ںͰġͬ£Ҷٴλص˹ǡ
űٶȹرյ󷨣Ҷ찵Цһ߽Լӡ
ڶɻ񷣵ʱҶ첻ûҪ뿪磬ȻǹģͬʱҲӰ죬ڻ񷣹ʱǿ߿ɲҲ
һҶȫԶŻӽ硣
ֻ綼Ѿںˣ˵硢磬ʵֻһֶѣѾΪһˡ
ûнڵͰǿҲܹɽ磬ҶӲߣǿ߰ȻʶǿߡοĸǿԸΪҶͰ
ԣҶշ㡣
ҪԼҶ̾Ϣǿߵʵ˭ס
ǿ߾磬ԱİգΪǿҪߣǽҲֹ
ȻۺͻֵȼĽǿ԰쵽ģǶѾվڽ۷塣

ɽ֮ҶʹҶ֮ˣƻָ֮ͿʼԺŹСʯ˾ս塷ȵȹ
ʱڣҶ첻׼꣬ҪʵԼԼøǿһЩС
Ҫ֪һεĻ۷徳磬ôһεĻжǿҶЩ
ʱɹˣ񷣸ɱˣǾͿˡ
Ҷ죡
һ죬ӰҶ
ڹΨһһĽˣҶ첢ûų⣬ǳؽӴ
ףȻ߾磡Ҷ쿴ӰʱͷӰѾһλˣɵþȲѡ
ӰЦ⻹Ҫлϴεָ㣬˺ܶ࣬ȻѧԺԴҲ̫Ӵˣǿֱӷģֱʣµ붼ÿֲ
Ǻǣһһ֮һѧԺȻֲҶͷ
Ȼϡǹǿ̫ˣǿ߶ֹһλռ㹻Щʹˡ
˵ԴӴ֮УΨйѧԺŵһ
ѧԺ͹ħħѧԺȻѧԺΪӣѧԺֻеһԴȻȲϼһһ֮ѧԺ
ħѧԺõǹħ̫˽ˣȻҲ󱲣ȴô˽ħǿߣǸԼʵΪ˺󱲡
ԭİ
ӰһģҶ֪ҪعĽˣϾǶˣ˲᳤ʱǡ
ӰЩ˵磬ȴѾ׬ˣǸʵõ˺ܴ
ǰģӦûһЩҪҴɣӰ˼˵ܴƺܹ˽ҶڵĴ
ŶǺãҸ壬׼ΪϾҪͻĽںˡҶ۾һ˵һֱĴ£ýӰȥһ塣
ʲôӰԶʱһ𾪣ͻĽںϣ𣿡
Ǻǣ뿴綼ѾںˣǻĽҽҲںˣںϻԶ𣿡ҶЦ˵
ʵϣڴ˶ѾµҪںˣƺһڴ
أӰЩȻ漴ֱɫЩļµ˶ǷӰǻĽںˣ»һֲս
޷ġҶ˵ͷ


2077 Ѻý
ӰˣҶѣˡͻĽ罫ںϵϢ˵һѣҪϽصĽ׼
ͬʱҶҲع֮ǰ״ֵ̬εʱ򣬲ȥѧԺ
ӷǳƽϾ粻ôңйڶǿû˸
ˡ
һ죬ħһȺǿ˹ǡ
ǵģǹħǿߡ
󣬹͹ħУ˫ڻħսɱϡ
ǽ죬ȴһȺħǿ˹ǡ
˶ȺҲǼֲֵģ·Ԥϡ
Ҷ컹ں·˹ԷȾƵʱ֪ԭ
ѧԺ˴˶н飬żɳһЩǰԷѧԺѺý·˹Ҷ졣
ҶףƨѺýڻʱȡ
ԼѧԺǿȥѧԺҫǿԼѧԺֶѾ̫ˡ
ѧԺϲǹѧԺ͹ħħѧԺ;һѧԱػཻ
ȻһħѧԺɴˡ
·˹˵һѧԺɴȥˣħѧԺһȺѧԱˣħѧԺĸ߲ŭڣⲻǸһţѩˡ
ڹ͹ħ˵˫ǿħս֮սѧԺħѧԺ˵档
ͬҪ

ħεһʮλʮ֮۷壬۷壬֮۷壬һ벽ǿߡ
ҶΪ꼶ѵʦҲѧԺӭȺˣȻѧԺ˶֪ģǱ湦ҪģȻᱻΪûнϾǿ͡
ħ˷ǳţֺ߽ѧԺΧѧԺ˶ӣ·ﲻǹ磬ǹħ磬òѧԺѧԱҧгݡ
ѧԺʦǼ˳棬治ɫڻӭħѵ
Ǻǣѣ
ҶվȺЦ
α
ԱߵĿɪʦ˵ħΪ׵İ벽ǿ߽ϿأӵкֶܶΣڹħİ벽ǿߵжǶļ֮һʵС
ҶŵϿλ۷ǿʵɪʦⲻѧԺѧԱ֮佻λ۷ǿʲô
ѧԱҪʦҲҪɪɫ
ҶҲҪ𣿡
Էλ۷ǿߣԼҲλʦҶҲС
Ȼɪյ˵ͷ˵ȻԷλʦġ
ɱ𣿡Ҷ漴ʵڹħˣûжٺøУϾǰǲУԷƵ˹硣
ɪղؿҶһۣ֪ҶħսսҲֻ۷ѣɱ۷壬Ҷ˵Щɻ󣬵ǵͷѧԺĽ
ˣҶ쵭һЦϴνе߾˰˰ڻԭʯζԷһλ۷ǿߣȻ
ҪĻԭʯʥ
ʱϿػںѧԺĸ߲αĽš
Ľʦ˹ɫ˹ҶͿɪ˵ѧԱǳʮ֮۷ѧԱǻӦ۷ѧԱǾ޷Ӧˡ
ǲа𣿡ɪɻ
˹ؿЦһԱߵҶһۣ˵ϴΪҶʦѵǶǰ߾磬ǿѧԱҵˣʣµѧԱɶԷ
Ҷһ飬ЩŹ֣û뵽һѵĽ
ô죿ɪԼˣûйҶ죬ϾܹܲҶѵɼ̫˰ɡ
߲뷨㶪һķȥֻҪȡʣµʤһԱס档˹س
ɪɫܹѧԺĻǷ𣿽ߣ۷壬ô
û취
ҶԱ߲˵ǹ͹ħ飬޹ϵǱƵڹ磬ֲͶ壬⡣
ȥŰɣΣɪ̾˿
˹뿪ˡ
úһٷʢ翪ʼˡ
Է˫ԣɱ
ҶһĵغȾƣһӰ˹ЦҶ죬԰ɣ
Ҷ΢΢̧ͷϳǹħλ۷ǿ֮һɵõ˵û뵽Ҷĳǹħȥˡ
Ķҡ˱Ҷ죬˵дɱģסˣҵֽء
˵꣬˾ת뿪ˡ
أشʦҶ쿴ԶȥıӰ΢΢һ뵽˵ħս˵ǸħԴʦأѵǴˡ
Ǵˣô˵ʵͲСˣԴ


2078 
ħսҶʱ򣬸ᵽشʦǹħһλԤԴʦԤԷǳǰԤԵ¿ħ磬ҲԤԵҶ硣
ڹħĵλܸߣǿ߶ܿôʵ϶ҲС
Ҷ춢شʦıӰɫ֣ࡣ
кˣһϤ
Ҷûлͷ֪ǿɪˡ
ɪҶԱ£ѵСĴˣ˵ǹħԤԴʦһֱٳ֣µ۷ǿ߲١ص㣬ǶԶֵ˽⣬ȶԼ˽֡
ŶҶ¶֮ɫ
ɪճǹһλ۷ǿս˵ʵҲ࣬شʦսʱֶζشʦƵģһ־ʹ·磬ɱ
ǹǿħսɱϣ˵ֶ֪Σǰ׼ҲǺİɡҶ˵
ɪҡҡͷ˲ûȥħսһֱǹ壬һЩû¶ĵƶشʦ֪ˡ
ԤԣҶ۾һС
ɪյ˵ͷֿµԤƺ֪һֶΣǰ׼
ˣлѡҶмؿ˿ɪһۡ
ǺǣҲϣܹɱʱħ϶ʹϧġɪЦ˵漴뿪ˡ
Ҷ˼ս
ԷȻԤԴʦԤԹ磬ôһ֪ҵһ档Ҷ˼
ңħսһսҲö֪һУ޴ĵƣѾ¶ˡ
Ҷ컹ŵģΪǰе߾磬һ϶ԷԤ֮⡣
˼֮䣬ˡ
ҶصҶ̶һʱ䣬޷ʲôֻ
ڶ峿ҶѧԺ
ѧԺı̨Ѿ׼ˣǿԴ죬ټϹ󷨴ʦ󷨣Եֵ۷ǿߵĹ
һ̨ͬʱʼ
һʼϳλʮ֮۷弶ѧԱ
ߵѧԱ͹ħѧԱͬʱ̨ɱصŶԷ
ʼɣ
ѧԺһλԺ£սͿʼˣҷǳĲҡ
Ҷ۾һɣû뵽塢ħѧԱһ־ȫ̽ãɱǳңǳƴܿܵˡ
ԭҶ컹ΪҪһʱ䣬û뵽ֳ̨ܿʤˡ
ǹħһλѧԱǰʤˣɱԼĶ֣ҲܵشǱħһλǿ߱ȥġ
ȻƲأӮˡ
ħһʱ¶Цݡ
֮һɫѿ
һλѧԱȡ˲ʤ˹档
ţ̨ȴǹħѧԱӮˡ
һʤսڳĹǿɫޱȡ
ѧԺĸԺõڶԿʼҪؾ档
ǽܲпᡣ
Űһǿ߱ҵʣµѧԱסħţԵսȻ03ڳǿߵˡ
ѧԺĸԺûѧԺܹ˳裿ǱˣҪǴ˳ȥ˶ҪָѧԺ߲ˡ

ħİ벽ǿߵϿظ˵ЦѧԺѧԱôûȥѧϰѧϰ
ٷϻǿʼɣɪʦŭͺһһ̲ס̨ϣŹħλ۷ǿߣߵ˭
ߣ㲻ɣһħ۷ǿҲ̨
󣬱˹Ҳһλħ۷ǿһ̨
Ҷ죬ֵˡԶħһشʦվؿҶ졣
ãҶ治ɫشʦڵ̨
Сˡ
۷ǿߵʢˡ
ڳ˷ܵĹħǿߣɫĹǿߣĿͶ̨ϡ
ħڴʤ
ڴؾ档
̨ϡ
Ҷ쿴ŶشʦشʦҲҶ졣
Ҷ죬ʦǰ˵Ѿǿˡϧѡ˵·شʦЦ
Ҷ쵭˵ҵĿǽǿʲô
شʦͺһŭѾ̲סˡ
һ޴̱գֲĲ漴ӿ̨ɢһɹɿµѹ
Ҷɫһ䣬ʱоԼʵѹƵĺܲңʣԷ׻һжڶġ
Ҷ죬һͷųɣ׻רŶԿһġشʦЦƺһУʤȯա


2079 ʤ
شʦѹƣҶܿͶһ棬Էѹơ
ֻһҶһûˣ޴ĵƱԷסˡ
ҶɫȻԷԼ˽⣬Ѿ׼
෴Ҷشʦ˽⡣
ν֪֪˷ܰս
ҶѾͷˡ
жԷҲаյֵɣҶ漴뵽
ˣҶ컹ʩչУһ޴г̨Ͽգ˺شʦꡣ
شʦɫ΢΢һ䣬漴̾ǿ깥д˴ı¾Ҫˡ
˵գشʦٴζһ׻סеĹȹסꡣ
Ҷ춢׻׻
͵ģٺ٣дΪҼġشʦ˵ĵҶ֪ûпô
ҶЦˣٿ׻϶Ҫķһڻʣ¶ʵأ
㹻ˡشʦٴȡһ׻ǹ͵׻߶ɱҶ졣
ͬʱشʦӿֳɫҲޱȣ·һڽգɢǿϢ
ħս壡
ҶһԷ˹ħսħս塷͹ġս塷ʤ
ҿشʦӣȻѾѡħս塷Բ硣
䣡
شʦһǹǿΧ̨󷨶Щ·Ҫ֧Ųסˡ
ˢ
Ҷ첻СԷһʱʩչžŹһ֮ð˾ħ뱾壬սʱǵ۷徳硣
ȻҶóϣ֮һ
貵ĵޱҫۣâ۳һӣƺƵأǰ
ҶĵƷǳͰԵȻشʦ̫ǿˣֱӷⳤӣɱҶ졣
Բġħս塷һ۷ɲҵĶ֡شʦЦ
ޱȣ֮䣬񱩶ǿ
𣿡Ҷһӿֳʯģת֮䣬ϰΪʯ飬°ֳɫ
䣡شʦ䵽ҶϣҶϵʯѺۣɫȴȱ
ʲôشʦҶϰʯ飬üͷ塣
Ҷϵĳɫ֪ģǴԺġ
䣡
Ҷַϣ֮ٻӶһµռ¶϶ֲֿĵƬն鿪ˡ
ߣشʦͬ
ʵǿһ۷ǿǿ࣬Ҷܿ·硣
ҶҲԱİգΪʯ˾͡ʵʻȴǡشʦġʯ˾ȴġ
ֲֿķҶԱˡ
ϧҵġʯ˾ǡһԲԻˡҶа̾
ʱ仹̫ˣЩûдﵽԲ磬ƾеǿ߽ʱԿˡ
ǰһ۸Щ۷ǿߣ޴Ʊ˿ƣ¶ȱˡ
Ҷ죬𣿡شʦù£ЩͷˣʼģһɿֲϢӳ
ּģĻǳֲҶܵ˿ֲѹ
Ҷ죬ɣشʦЦ
ҶͬЦ㣡
˵꣬ԭشʦƵͻȻըǹɿֲ籩ϯֱӴݻشʦʹеشʦһܵش

شʦҽС
Ҫ֪ģȫУʱͻȻܵشʱ޷֧Żˡ
ͬҶҲңԱУҲһ꣬ͬʹش
ܵɵشʦҶͺܶˡ
ߣ
ҶľʹûڵֿɵشʦǳգһԿӡ
ʲôشʦҲҶĶʱŭޱȡ
ǺǣٴθһҵһɣҶشʦֵɣڷӡȻһ
ͣ
شʦһѹƣһѪ
ͬʱҶٴʩչУֻεбȸղŵСһȦԸܵششʦȴ㹻ˡ
شʦһܵһѹƣһҪֵУս½ĺ
Ҷϣ֮ɱشʦնɱ
ҶҲ³һѪҲάֲסһˡ
ǰԱУ˲⣬Ҫǿ߶һУϼˡ
˵Ҷʤǲʤ


2080 ̫Ǯ
Ӯˣ
ҶӮˣ
ǸԤԴʦɱˡ
սĹǿߺ͹ħǿһ󾪺ϲɫħһѿ
ɶ񣡡ϿҶɱ
شʦڹħĵλܸߣȻҶһ޴ʧ
ǵϿֻؿҶȥǹ磬ǹħ磬ûʸ
οҶشʦһսֳʵɵѡ

ڿɪա˹ǵսҶ첻ٹעֱӻصҶչȥˡ
ԱУƺܴҪʱָơ
ȻһʥҲϻָǿǼֵһڻԭʯҶɲ˷
˶໨һЩʱ䣬ڹ磬еʱ䡣
ȵҶƳ׻ָ󣬵ϿѾŹħ뿪ˣѧԺѺý˭Ҳ˵˭ʤ˭
սǹħӮˣΪҶߺ󣬿ɪպͱ˹ضսˡ
ħһشʦʧ
ֻ˵˫ܾˡ
лڶң
Ҷüͷ
شʦԼĿԣͿԿóҪɱԼΪڹ磬¶Էɱˡ
ҶЩͷۣһǿǿʱʱ̶̿ţôܲ
ÿڶˡҶ찵뵽
Ҫʵ
һʱҶѾȹΪѾԼˡ
ҶֻʣʥЩȥ¥һЩ
Ҷʣµڻԭʯˣʥ֮ǰű߿ţ㹻һλˡ
Ҷ쿪ʼһֵıչأ׼ꡣ
һεľ飬ҶȻޱʹ࣬ѾܹһȣôΣա
ǵɹһռ֮ҶȴԼռȻ׳࣬Ǿߵ߾绹ĺԶ
ҶЩֲ
̫ˣ
˼ãҶԭ򣬶ʱԳΪһռһ磬ôܣ򵥵Ļǿ֮ôˡ
һһռ֮ԿҶһ磬ҪΪһҶľųߣе߾Ҫ٣ռֻҪһξ͹ˡ
ΣҶҪߵ߾磬ҪӴࡣ
Ҷһ£ղŵһΣŻҪɾŴβС
ҶЩͷƤ飬·ѾԺ磬ҪĴҲԽԽࡣ
ʹ࣬Ҷÿһξʹʵ˵Щ·ˡ
ҶѾû취ˣֻܼȥ
ռǿҶչأȹΪ׼һηꡣ
ڱչڼ䣬ֵȥѧԺʱֳһȥӦ֮ıһֱڱչ
Ƿ꣬ԺĹҶ춼ȫĵͶС
Ҷһαչˡ
ֱеʥĹ֮ҶŲòˡ
ߴˣ
ҶԽǿռӱչؿʼѾߴ꣬߿ʥˡ
ΣӦþͿԽߵ߾ˡҶ찵š
ϧĻԭʯѾˡ
Ҷ첢żʮ׻
뵽׻Ҷ첻뵽˱ɱشʦȻʱ˼Źħǿߣ޷شʦʬ壬شʦǼ׻ȴǱõˡ
Ҷʱó鿴׻ǳǿһ棬Чá
ҶԼ׻֮У˶ʮ׻Щֵܵͣ
Ҷʮ׻¥Ҷõһǧڻԭʯʮʥ
ʮʥҶصҶ׼ꡣ
ǿ֮ǺķǮưǵõߵıأɱ˲۷ǿߣ¶ҪʥҶ찵뵽
ɣߵ߾Ҫһǧڻԭʯٽ۷徳磬ǿµҪǧڣڻԭʯ
ӴҶ춼ࡣ
ôӴԴ֪ܹͶλ۷ǿˡ
Ҷ죬Ȼ㣬û뵽˹磡
Ҷ׼֮ʱĸۡһλ֮͡
ң˻ֱӴġ
˭
ҶЩŭղŲ׼ˣҪǱˣһС£߻ħˡ
£Ҷ쳷󷨣˳
˺󣬶ʱˡ
ȣҶһ
ǰ֮ˣȻŵϴȡ
ôҺ𣿡ȱ˫ۣȤشҶ죬漴˵Խ϶ĶŪģĿģΪ˻ˮ㣬͵ɵ


2081 в
ȵĻҶüͷһûлش𣬶Ƿʵô磿
Ҷ첻ϲʣҪȨŻơ
㲻Ҫתƻ⣡üͷ
ҶԵһЦ֪ҵĿ磬ʲôôͻαؾ£
ߵ˵Ĳʲô޹ء
ȻˣذɣһҪ͡Ҷ֣Ϳ͵̬
ȴûߣǽҶ죬ͻȻЦ㲻ǺΪʲôҸ㣬ҸһλǿǿߣҺǺѣҿʱ硣ˣ˵ѧԺʦλɪʦҵĽ㡣
ҶԻȻѹڶԴʱǳҿȺͿɪʦȷЩǣ֮ǰû뵽һ㡣
ʲôϵ
Ҷ쵭ؿſȣ˵ȣΪҫļѾˣ벻Ҫұչòã
ɫʵͼңڹ磬˭ͽǿ߶Ϳû뵽Ҷڡңһ뵽ϴαҶŷģͲˬ
˵ˣǴСƢ
˼ңһǺŽԿ׳󣬻ϴû˸ҷοž˵츳۷徳硣
Ҷ죬֪˹𣿡ΣȿסԼŭضҶ죬뵽Լ˵Ŀġ
ŶˣǿϧˡҶģظпһ䡣
ƲƲ죬˵ǴڤģոսھͱӸɱˡ
Ҷ治ɫȴǰ̾ǵùϴڹӣʱһǷܣͽȥѰ·
˵ǱҶġ
Ҷڹֳô󶯾Ҳǳӡ
ҶһȱڤڤҲֳڤ⡣
ҶûһھΣϾԼ̰ģҪñ˰֮Ҳֻܹ̰ġ
Ҷ죬֪ʱҾվڹ档׼һȥģһҲΪһӸɱˣұסС
˵ЩҧгݵصҶ죬ɱ
Ҷһ֪̾ΪʲôڵˣôҲû뵽Ҳ׼ȥ⡣
£Ҷ˵ЩʲôϵȻǶڤѡԼѡֲұǵġ
ڣ㻹ڽƱ𣿡֪λɱǰ˵ʲô𣿡
ҶüͷһһͻѲλӽӵʮ˰˵Ļ͵ùˡ
ǹ磬ȵ֪ô˰ֻܹԹԽˡ
뵽Ҷ쿴ȵĿ⣬һɱ⡣
ܿˣڴ˵ɱȣͬһ֡
Ҷжʱ
ʱλӶ˵ضҶ죬˵ϴиСһ͵˰ǾȻΪڤ𣿡
˵ɫؿҶ죺֪ڴ֮ǰֻһΡ
ΣҶ˿ûиԼͶȥʮ˰ߵ˶ԽȥΪʲôԽȥΪҽȥŭӣͣҲֲҡ
㡭һŭҲ֪Ҷ˵Ķԡ
һѹסԼŭҶˣӵĿӦǵõ˱˰Ȼ˷ŭڡ
ЦҵʵƾʱȱڤҪõ˰ҲţҶ쵱Ȼϡ
ЦҲûãǹ磬ܲġȰ㻹ǹԹԽ˰Ҹ׳֣Ҳÿ
Ҷԣ۾ضſȡ
ȺηֱҶ죺˰ûѡ񡣡
ȼᶨĿ⣬Ҷ֪ԷȷԼб˰ˣǲȷӵе
һҶжʱ˴㣬ʱ˵ҵȷһ˰ƾʲô㣿
ԶʱЦݣҾ֪õ˱˰Ͼǿ֮ģȻʱ㻹ûн߾磬ʵӦòȱ߲٣õһ˰пܵġ
ܴ˰ƴģҪװߣΰɡҶߵ
ɭЦǹ磬ûѡѲΪΪҸף
вˡ


2082 뻢ıƤ
вңҶԣضſȣһӴɱϯ
ͬʱһҲͷųҶ
ȸܵһѹƣɫȴû˿仯ǵЦʵǿˣ治ǿ֮ţϧҸǿǰվֻһֻϡ
ΪҲɱ㣿Ҷ䶢ſȡ
ؿҶ죺ǹǣǸͬھͬھֻҪһ֣ͻᱻҸ׷֣ɱңֻԼ
ҶԳȥһ档
ȶʱ¶߸ϵ̬ΪԼһվҶ棬ԸҶˡ
ȻҶĻȴÿɫһ䡣
ҿԽǶ˰͸ǰ㸸ףȥΰɡҶ쵭˵
ȵɫʱˡ
ҶôҲ͵ò˰ˣϾײܴӺ˰ҲǺĶ֡
뵽ɫ˱䣬漴ҶĿЦݣ˵Ҷ֣αأǺôҲЩ飬Ǽ彻ãڹҲкô
вɣֻ£ˡ
ҶЦȴǳղŲв𣿽Ǽ壿ҾҽúһЩ㸸ױȺ𣿡
㡭ҧгݣ޿κΡ
㵽ҪôѡͷˣҶ죬ʲôҲòǼûԭʯ㻻Σ
Ҳȱԭʯұ˰޼ܹǿһҪöٻԭʯҶ첻м
ȳ㿪ɣ˰ǱסģǴˣӦ֪ôá
ҶԳƬ̣漴˵ͷ˵˵ĲȻס˰Ǹ
Ͷȶʱ¶Цݡ
Ҷ쵭˵Ҫ뿪ȥ磬ֻҪǰ磬ҾͰǶ˰͸㡣
⡭ȶʱˣҲ˵һЩ飬ҶʵǱڹġ
һ˰ҪԶ޷̤ǿ߾磬֪ʲôʱᱻ񷣺ɱҪȥ㸸һ°ɡҶ쵭˵
һ˰ӳ磬˵ҲһмֵĽס
ãšջǾȥһԼĸ˵
ĿͿȥҶüͷûĸˡ
ľֻһ˰𣿻ǲµиࣿҶг˼ſȵĻ
ԷֻΪֻһ˰ôһ˰ȡԼɣҶԸġ
Էи࣬ô뿪ʱٱô죿
һǿߣҶֻ־ܣû˿ֿ
Է뻢ıƤǳΣա
ûжԷİҪ뿪磬Ҳǲܵġ
ڹ磡
Ҷʣµ׻㶼Ҳҽ۷徳磬οҽ۷徳磬ҲܶԿǿߣҪǾͱ붯ñ˰ˣֻǱ˰һ֣϶ᱻǸӦұ뿪硣
Ҷûѡܱڹ磬Ϊû취
ڴ֮ǰҶ컹ҪһЩ׼
Ҷ쵱չأꡣ
ڰ˴Ѻ֮Ҷӵ˿ȵĴѶ
Ҹͬˣϴ뿪š˵
ҶѶȵһȣһЩûдҿߵʱǰ֪ͨ㡣
㻹鷳Ȼ˵ˣͬˡ
ҶصͨѶռ
չأȹΪٷ꣬ռ
ֱҶʮη֮ûмռǽԼҷӡԼĳʼڡ
һռ϶ܹߵ߾磬ʱͻ񷣣ΨһԶԿǿߵҶ찵˼⡣
ܹ뵽Ψһǿ˺ֶΣĻƾڣ޷ǿߡ
һУҶ֪ͨȣ˵Լ׼ˡ
鷳͵ȼˣһӵҶĴѶҶ
ҵɣȿҶ죬ʱſԼ档
Ҷ˵ͷ漴뿨ȵ档
ȿҶԼǳһĨЦݣһ޴ļһԼġ
ֹһ뿪Ҷ
ԿȵݣȻ̽Ҷ죬Ҳʱʱ̼̿Ҷ죬ֻҪ֤ǵ󷨷ҶӲ
Ϊκһ뿪ǵˣܵ󷨵̽飬žκμϸĿܡ
ǣһ˳⣬Ǿǿߡ
񲻿̽һǿߣǶǿߵðǺҲô
ԣȴҶȥҶ׵棬ֻײܴҶ뿪ǡ


2083 
ȵĸ׽һ֣ͨͬʱҲƽһλǿߡ
Ҷȴ͸ľ磬ֻһļµĸо
һλǿߡ
Ҷʵ˭ļ£
Ҷ죬ΪҪǰ磿ҹ粻𣿡ǰҶ죬˵ҹ磬ɵģУȥϢһ֪Ҫ׷ɱֻҹܻ㡣
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ǰӦ֪ߵǿ֮ҪȥѧԺûжǿ֮İвɱңҲᱻɱ
ðɣȻѾˣҾʹ뿪ԲȰ˵Ҷ죬ǽҶսԼ֮Уһ뿪˹ǡ
ǵҲ֪󷨶ϾǳŽᣬͽ߼ϸ
Ҳֻǿһ뿪Ŀûǰѯʡ
ǿڹɶȺܴҲ׹ʡ

磬һ硣
粻硢ħκһΪУͬʱҲǾԽá
ˣں֮硢ħĽʴûκαصġ
Ȼ͹ħҲ硣
ȻңŽᣬǿԶԶ͹ħ磬ǲַ
ڵִ֮󣬾ֹͣ˽ŲԼڵҶ˵Ѿִ磬˰ɣ֪㲻ֹһ˰ȫҿԷ뿪
ҶһʱڿڲҲӲֻһ䣬ڤΣֲǲ֪ôܶøı˰
ƭҵġЦΪǿ߶ڤһ֪Ҫŭӣ˰
ҶԶʱɫѿ
棬Ҳ鿴ɣҿûкôʴȡ
áҶ˵겢ûдԼ棬ɵԼڵռ
Ȼķʱ䣬ռȴķѶʱ䣬ΪԼһ
˲䣬Ҷռ
һ̣һǿϢҶϯ
Ҷߵ߾ˡ
ŶȻ˸ߵ߾磬㻹ţΪҶԿ𣿡Ҷ챩ǵϢƮƵ˵û˿ɵ֮ɫ
ҶضſǳһĨЦݣ𣿡
ͬʱзӿһɿµ١
ƺʲôɫʱ䡣
ܵҶռıǿٴνˡ
ΪҶʱڿڣԻֱ˿˿Ͽգ
쵰ôŭæſ棬Ҷ춪ȥ
תĿ꣬ҶͷϿա
ýթСӣȻ뵽˰취ŲԶҶ죬ˣɲұǣ
һ񷣸ܵĴڣȻǿʱҶȻҪҲҪһƤ
οһǿߵĻ񷣳֣Ҷеı˰¾Ҫݻ٣ʱͰ׷һˣһ񷣰ˡ
СӣΪ𣿡ȻԶˣվǿߣҶӲԼġ
׷ɣҶһ漴գ뿪˵ء
ߣЦ˺׷ȥ
ҶǺܿ죬ǿ߸졣
յĻǿߣշĵ͵ȼ򣬶˵ֱͬ
ҲֻܸҶ󣬶ҽӽҶ죬ֹҶ졣
ΪҶ챻֣κθҽӽֹҶĴڣᱻǣ
Ҷ춢Ż񷣣һŲơ
󣬿š
һ￴ǲˣҸҲһֻ֣ѡһ·ˡ
Ҷóһŵͼһǣɫ
Ǹλãĵһءᡣ
ҲֻǸطԽȥǿ߲ҽȥ
һ·Ϊˣܹųġ
дֲ
ҶѾͶ·ˡ
ƴһѣǸһȻԻŴӵڳΪʲôܣҶҧҧŵķŲƹȥ
ͬʱѾʼ٣Ҷ졣
¡¡
Ҷܵ˻񷣵һεĻȰ벽ǿˣôĻһ٣Ҷ춼ˡ
Ҷʥһʥƶʱָá
šԣȻһûлָҶȻɫһ䡣
ʥЧƺ˺ܶ࣬һΣȻһЩûлָ˵ʥЧѾҪִＫˡ


2084 
ʥЧҶɫѿ´ٷ꣬ҪʥˣҪñ˰ˡ
ҲҸǿˣԺķѵҲ͸ˡҶв롣
Ѿ˸ߵ߾磬ʵսȴ۷徳硣ټϾžŹһ֮սﵽ˰벽ǿ߾硣
̶ȣʥЧȷ
ˣڲʱȰѿ˵
Ҷ漴ҡҡͷŵŲƹȥ
ʱţҶ첻ϵؽӽᣬĿڷֲԾˡ
СӣҪȥںȵ
ᣡҶûֱ˵
㡭ˣʱҶĴ㣬ŭǸطȻܽȥǽȥһҪ
Ҳò˰ҶЦ
ŭڣͺУֻҪ˰Ͼ뿪
Ҳ㣡Ҷҡͷ
ҶԻģæ˵
Ҷ컹ҡҡͷǿ߶˻˭֪ǻ᲻а취Υԡ
ǿֻһСֻȫĻȻôôɵ񷣡͵
ҶɲţҲţ
ŭȵСӣ㵽Ҫô
뿪ص磬һһ㣬صһһѱ˰͸㡣Ҷ˵пܣҲᡣ
Сӣ㵱ǰ׳𣿡ŭҪǲͱ˰ʱôô㣿
ҿģҶߵ
ɫ˱䣬ƺԥ
󣬿վֵס˰ջɱҶϣ͵õԾı˰˵߸ΪҪ
ðɣ㷢İɣ漴ȵ
Сӣҵõ˰ɱ㡣ˣʱ֪ͨУҾͲСӿԶùλǿߵ׷ɱа룬ڸвҶ죬гɱ⡣
ǿߵϲð
Ҷ췢ġҶĻشҲ˿漴ġ
Ȼԣ񷣼
Ҷסˡ
ԶĿסˡ
䣡
Уֻʣ»ײĺը
һŻعҧгݣЩܻغСߵǿ֮ѾǱ࣬޷Լ㣬ԡ
ҶԿЦҲ뵽һ㡣
Ҷ첻ſȻҲҶ졣
ô죿
Ҷֻüȥ
Ҷ죬Ƚ˰ңһǿߵģѵһΪɱһֻϣҪ𣿡׷ں˵Ĳ˰ܹΡ˰´β߽սаնˡ
ҪǿҲҶصŲʲôأھԵǰʲô治ġ
ڹ⣬ҶΪ˱˰ܲҪؽڤʦ𣬸ο
Ҷ죬ֻңȻȥ˵ҲˣĿֲԶ˽⣬ġ
ҶûῨŵŲơ
ŭֻüҶ󣬼Ȱ˵Ҷ졣
ᣬٽ
һأҲһصĵط
絮֮Ƭؾͳˡ
˵ֹһλͳһϴۣλ۵ĹҲ˵ΨһĴ۽磬ڴ˵أΪƬᡣ
ȻⶼǴ˵
õģΪڴ˻
أǿ߽Ҳнˡ
ǿµ߽ʱлųȥЩųȥˣҲΪֶ䡣
ƺпµ䣬۽ǻųȥ棬ֻһ·
Ҷ죬ȥˡٽӽᣬͣڲԶ֮УҶ󺰵
Ҷûڵǰɽ٣ֱ񷣽ҪɢʱЯʣĻ׽ᡣ
СƿڴںҶ˰
Ҫ֪Ҷʮ˰֪θ룿
¡¡
֮УҶŹһףԴɢ
Ҷƺأһɽ˶ʯˡ
ˣʣµʥҲˡƣҶüͷ塣
ʣµ߿ʥҲڶɽٵʱˡ
ϣܹ˲ָʵıֻʣʮ˰ˡ
һɣֵط˭֪ʲôΣաҶӦܣĵģûʲô飬ǾòգȻָʵ˵
£Ҷóһ˰ʼ
˰Ǵ֮ʢĻ䣬ȡתȴŨ
ҶʩչϢ˲ָʵ
˿̣ǰδеı״̬ﵽ۷塣


2085 Խ
˰ЧĺãƬʱ䣬ҶǱ񷣺ƲصָΪͻƺϢǿˡ
ߵߣҶû뵽Լߵһ
ʱǻĽһСС֮ΪԱ׷ѰѾΪߵߣǿ߽
ȻڲǸпʱҶָ֮󣬱̽鿴ܵ
ǵᣬһأǿߺͽľء
˵дֲҶ첻Ҵ⡣

Ҷɳʯ˳ڰУ˷̽ӹȥ
һƬɽҰ룬ǳĹ֮̽УûзκһϢ·һƬС
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣֪ǵΧӦûʲôΣա£ȦӣΧߣܿڵλá򲻵ѣǲҽĵģһľΣС
ڸ߿и壬ҶµĴزϵԶȥ
粻һ磬磬ǹ磬߹ħ磬ƻĽ硢Ļգҽһһһ½
ʵϣĽҲһ½ǺΪĳЩսĴ½ˣγɻǰ㳡
ڵĴ½޴ޱȣҽ綼Ҫö࣬ޱ޼ʣжôӴ
λأ˵ػϡϡ٣ΪƫƧĵط
ҶŵߣҪܿȻƺ֪ûнģһֱǲڵ档
Ҳ˵Ҷû취ƿ뿪ᡣ
Ҷ죬ɣ֪ڸ
ҶĬŵߡ
㲻ҲУֻҪ˰뿪ǲŵĻɷңڶڵ棬Ҳκβ㡣Ȱ˵š
ҶЦŲſĹ
գҶ첻Ῠʼŵĸȥ
Ҳû취ѡҪᣬһ뿪
ռǳӴ󣬿ȻԷߵĳڣȴ޷һߡ
ҶΨһĳ·
ֻǴԽ̫Σˣõ
ҶҲǱƼˡ
һһԡ
ڴ֮ǰмҪһ
£Ҷ쳶˳ɤӣȻ󷢳־
ҪɱҡҶҽһԽԽͬʱӶ˫ȭô˵һƬ¡֮
㶯ټҶĿ־ʱ濨ע⡣
Ҷ죬㷢ʲôˣңżشȵ
Ҷ첻˵Ĭؽġ
ڿǷˣŲںأҲֻǾú棬ˣһˣǿߣñһ¶ԷԼء

ŽӽģҶ췢ΧĿռѹԽԽ󣬱˲ƣȴ޷˲ˣֻڰзС
Ҷ߶·ĳֽƴڣ޷ͻơҲѹ֣Ͼǿߺͽ޷ɵϿա
ˢ
ҶУͻȻǰкܶڵ۶գ֮γһħӰȫ¶ɢŨ۶ɵĺɫħҶ쵱ͷ
ã
Ҷֱ񣬱ϾǳǿȻɫħӰֵĺͻȻǵһʱ˷ֶΡ
䣡Ҷϣ֮Լǰɫħػϣ֮棬ֲ졣
һ̣Ҷɫһ䣬ܵһǰδеľ޴ϣ֮洫ݶ
˲䣬Ҷ˾ͱǿɳȥڰпѪݺݵڵϣҳһ޴ӡ
ǿ
Ҷһ˫ţ˳ӣŶٶȳĺɫħӰɫǰδеء
ȻղֵЩִ٣Էȷʵǿٱǿ˼ʮȻҲᱻһӸɳȥһЩˡ
䣡䣡䣡
ҶӶϣ֮ǰĺɫħӰɱȻ·磬ѹƵĺܲҡ
ǰ벽ǿ߾磡ҶһߵֵɫħӰĹһ߹ƺɫħӰʵ
Ҫ֪Ȼֻһλߵߣս۷ǿߣǿ֮
ԣҶ׼ȷжϳǰɫħӰʵ

һαɫħӰ֮ҶҲˣʩչžŹһ֮սʱһΣԺͰ벽ǿ
¡¡
һҶֳͣϣ֮ס˺ɫħӰĹҿʼҷԽԽ
Ȼͬڰ벽ǿ߾磬ҶռǿһЩ
ûҶ˶ãһɸǿϢʹӺɫħӰϱ
Ҷ𾪵ǣϢ֮ǿЩ壬ԲڿԿģ·𶼽ӽǿˡ
á
Ҷ쾪һȡһλ֮ȼգһ̣ͬһɿֲϢ


2086 ²
һҶ첻õӴıͬҲõʮŵλ֮ͱ˰һЩؼʱ̱
ͣ
û˿ԥҶڸܵɫħӰϱĿֲϢ֮Ͼȡһλ֮ȼգս߶˼ޡ
ˢɫħӰ߾ٺɫħɫħһܱߵĹâγһ޴ޱȵĺɫѷ죬Ҷ
䣡Ҷ֮Լռøǿһɿµĵų
һ貵ĵ⣬أ˺ǰĺڰ
һ̣ǿݺݵײһ
أ
޴ıըƬضڶ
Ҷ챻ըȥ˲ᡣ
ͬɫħӰҲңݺݵڵϣϵĺɫЩˡ
Ҷ۾һУ˲ƣͳźɫħӰɱȥ
֪㲡Ҫĵ
źɫħӰʱҶ첻ƴλ֮ȼմ֮ǰҶڽɫħӰϵɢˣ¶һʧȥϢɫ԰׵ӡ
𣿡
ҶСĵسϣ֮ߵǰŶԷ
Щ⣬ƺѾȥܶˣϺܶطˣֻһá
ҶԵúܳԾһȥˣȻܹǰֲȼ˻֮¶ҪԷɱˡ
ţˣӵѵǡҶȻڹѧԺ̽Ϣ
ѧԺ̽ǿ֮Ϣ鵽йص飬һλѧԺѧԱᣬһ߳ȥһЩڵϢ
˵ڵ֮һˣӵпµʵüЯŻ֮ӡǡ
ѵǰˣ
Ҷ첻ӵüģǲûл֮ӡǳ֣һ߶ڵĻ֮ӡǣʱü¶һɫġġ֡
һ̣ǰӣȻ͵۾
ҶһæˣҾеϣ֮
ȻǰӲûκ춯ֻվҶǰ˫Ŀնû˿Ϣֻü¶һġ֣ɢŵ
ô£
ҶüͷЩ⡣
߶ӽҶ棬Ҷߵߵȫĸࡣ
ҶʱЩĪ
ѵҴ𣿡Ҷ찵룬ͬʱָӴˡ
룬ȫȥȥʲô͸ʲôͿһģһ
Һ俪ǰɽҶָԶһɽ
ˢüĵġġֶʱâʢһȥеĺɫħ£һǧɳľâȥԶһɽ÷顣
벽ǿߣҶ۾һû뵽ʧȥİȻа벽ǿߵʵ
ľϲ
ֻǲ֪Ƿܹ֮ǰôֲҶȻ뵽֮ǰӱĿֲǿȼջ֮࿹Ŀֲ
뵽Ҷ쳢ӱĿֲĳɹˡ
Ҷ֮ӵüģǸɫġġֹâޱ貳ңһɫ̫ȼգԴԴϵ¶ʹãӶֲս
֮ӡǵоȻֲ̺
ҶԵúܳԾû뵽ӵĿֲȻԴڻ֮ӡǣǰôûз֣
һ̣ҶԻ֮ӡЩɵˡ
ǰӣǰҲõ˻֮ӡǣ⸱ӣѵҶҲ
ֻߣǻ֮ӡǣӴΣգ
Ҷ˼
δ֪Ķ˶ǿ־ġ
ο֮ӡǾԼüģԼҪĵطҶôܲģ
ˣһӡǡ
ҶͻȻֲõԤС
ʧˣ˵ˣҲ˵ȥΨһˡ
ڣҶȴµһֿܡ
Ǿǻ۽ԼЩӡǵУõЩӡǵˣ󶼳Ϊ۵ġӡȴЩӡѿ׳ɳ֮󣬻ո
ҪҶ̫ıˣݴ½ս̫֮ıơǳЩǣزӵ飬ΪĳԽЩǿһС
뵽ҶҪ֮ӡǺӡǵĳ嶯
֮ӡǺӡǶİѾǺܴˣѾǿֻ֮Ҫȥ޵УûҪ֪׵ΣƷ
ֻǣӡǺҶںϵ̫ˣ֮УѰᡣ
ǿаĻҶĿܡ
Ҷ첻
οһжҶĲ²⣬Ϊһ²ԼСЦ


2087 Ĺ
ԼոշġСܡҶᣬúƬɽҰ룬һƬȡ
һңкܶǳأҵ˶ˣÿǳضݹǶѻɽǳ𺳡
ҶҲһĳǳأһЩҵĳЩϢ
޴ĳǳأӦҵĶǡ
лʹиָĺΰ
ڻʹڵһ޴ʯ棬Ҷ֪ҵ֡춼ʳϢ֪춼ʳͳιǳǿʢвֹһλ
ڹǵʱҶѧԺͼݺ¥Ѱǿ֮ϢʱҲ˲ٹļأʷ˽һЩ
˵۳ǰɶʳͳεģʱɼ嶼ڸʳħ۳ֵҽЩơ
۳ˣͬҽħһͳһĸʳһǰδеǿʢ۹
ʧǿʢĵ۹ͱˣ֮ݱΪɣ۵ʱҽһ
ҽΨһһĵطۺħȻˣۻһǳǿǾͥ
꣬ȻʧˣµսǿߣȴûнɢǴŵ۶ʧݱΪͥ֯Ϊİеһ
紫ԣͥ˲ۻԶʧŵ۶ȴ۹ս
ͳǿʢʳôȫ
Ҷ˼ջؿǰʯĿ⣬ǿʹݹǣʳǳصݹǡ
Щǵʬ춼ʳ¶ˣڳڱɱˡֶΣ̶̫ˡ
Ҷ֪ʷ۵ͳһʱ򣬲ûдɱ䣬Ϊ˵ֻЩǿİʯֻҪЩˣɱһЩԼĽǿ߾ͳһֺαɱ¾Щû˿вأ
Ȼʷʤдģǹ嵱ܣʷӦòǼٵġ
ң춼ʳôܵˣ
ᣬһأγ֮ͳˡ
춼ʳǰɲڵڣȻǱ˸ġ
ʲôҪô
Ҷʹػز鿴ΣûзʲôмֵĶʱ̫ˣʬǶҪˣ˵ЩϢˡ
ǣҶԼСܣǰС
úҶ쿴һ޴ޱȵɽ壬ƣǷ󷨽Ʒǰɽ壬ǿֻ֣ܿһϸۿĻһԵúء
Ҷ쵱ǰڵִɽǰһ޴ʯ·ǵĳһΰ
ЩԾ
Ҷ쿴ǰʯٿ˿ʯľ޴ɽ壬Ժ֡Ĺ
ֻĹδҲ̫Ӵ˰ɡ
Ҷ̲ס߽ʯʯҲǿ֡
ʯƺЩ飬ȻɴڣҶԼӦÿԽ˺
ǰҲ˵ִ˵أ˺ʯ󷨡Ҷϸ۲ǰʯʯ棬޴ѷ졣
Ȼǿǿг˺󷨣ǿ󷨳
Ҳ͸Ҷһᣬһ
Һ俪󷨣
Ҷ漴Сܳ֡
Ȼ󷨿ûʲôΣգҶ컹ǾСֱܳһ㣬Լ˿
ңҶշСܣʵﵽ˰벽ǿ߾磬ټл֮ӡǱĿֲʵѾǳӽҶ챾ˡ
ʵ㹻˺ص󷨡
䣡
ӷǳҳϣӵҶ֮Ͼͳֹʯ
һǿʯ棬ʯϵ󷨶ʱѤõĹâһͬˮһɢΧԽԽϡ¶ʯһЩּ
֮Ĺô
˸ϵ¶棬¶ϲɣϢ·޾¡
Ҷʯ½Ǻ½ǣֱ𿴵С֣仰
ǺǣԭĴڣҲ仰⾳Щѡ
ۣ仰ֻĸ֣ȴԵúܰ
Ҷ쿴仰ǳ𶯡
Ĳ˵µġ
ǰһ仰Ҷûв´ĻӦǻ
λУȻǰ˵أﵽʲôܣ
ҶЩ棬ҲЩɵ
۶۷漰Ǹεܣ϶Σա
ߣ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣漴ԥش뿪ƹʯƹɽ壬׼Աߴ
Ȼʯ϶ѾˣôҶ쵱Ȼٽȥ
ǳ棬СҪ
ɲǻҲۣڵСûʸĹ


2088 
ۡۡ
ʯݣҶи²⣬ڽ֮ϣһ֮Ϊۡľ硣
²Ҷܸпֹ
ݴ½ڣÿ۷ʱµĲγ֡
ɽɽ죬ˡ
ݣ
Ҷƹʯƹǰɽ壬ҲǵĹǣҶ˶ãʼնڵĹǰƲȥ
ô£
Ҷ漴ͣڰУɫء
ȻҶƺ뵽ʲô͵תͷһ޴ޱȵʯԶ
⡭
Ҷͫ
ôʱ䣬Ȼʯľ벢ûӳʼմԭء
ôܣ
ҶоһͷƤ飬߰ʵȰ벽ǿߣ۽磬ûиоΧ󷨴ڣôᱻڴ˵أ
ҲԭشתҶԼġ
ôƺֻ֣һǰĵĹᶯƶֿԺСҶôҲһλߣôһĹᶯôܸо
ڶֿܱһε󷨣ıΧĿռṹҶȻŵĹУʵȦȦ
ֿҲСҶ첻ʲô󷨿Լ۾
վ󷨣ǿҲвҶʵǿߺͽõ󷨰ҲԼ۾
ǡ۲õ󷨡
ۼ󷨣
Ҷ쿴ǰľ޴Ĺɫޱء
ǿߣǽǴҲڲ˵ǰ˵û˵ڤڤε
۶ṳ̂زΣҶǳɵžƹĹ
ǣԷƺĹ
Ҫҽȥ𣿡ҶüͷȻӺܴ󣬵ȴҽĹãЩǿߺͽ¾棬ȻĻܻߵοЩǿߺͽˡ
ˣҶһ漴ӺԼһˡ
Ȼ޷ƹȥô˳ȥ˵ΧȴŵĿ뿪Ͳſһֱ档
ȻҶ쾪ֵ鷢ˣʹȥȻ޷뿪˵ء
ˣǰҲС
ƺΧķ򣬳ǰ֮⣬ˡ
ˣ
Ҷɫ漴ӼˣԼ׼ƹĹ
һʱ֮ҶͷԶӡ
ҶɫһƬ
Ȼһ󷨣Ѿڲ֪нˡ
ˣ
ҶгأǰδеΣ
뾡һа취޷ԶĹ
ڤڤ֮еĴڣƺҪĹ
һ̣ҶЩˣ֮ǰӦö˰һ¿ҲԴΧȴ뿪Ҳյء
ûкҩԡ
Ҷһóһλ֮ӣǰĵĹȥ
Ȼ㲻Ǿֱ԰ɡ
һΣûбϷˣķУǰĵĹԽԽӽ
ĹΧһɴҲҿ¶һɽ
ɽ£Ҷ쿴һ޴Ժ䣬ǳɣΧɫӿһƬɾ
ԺһͨһλӣģӢʲ̬Ʈ죬ͬһˣҶ֡
ˣһɣµİЦ˵
Ҷ첢ûиܵκεĶ⣬ҲֻǰԽԺӣ˹¡
ָŶʯ˵
Ҷ漴ͬʱŶİӣ͸ӵľ磬Էǿߡ
ˣǽΪǿ͸ҵġЦҶ죬ݺõһݸҶ죺ȰɣѵпⱭ裬ҵĶУһ

Ҷһǿаסе𾪣û뵽ԷȻһվ۷
ȻˣҶҲûκηؽӹ˶ԷݹĲ裬ԶԷľ磬ҪԼĻôԼôҲһĶ֡
ǿ߶򲻹˵ǽˣԷһСָͷ¾ɱ
¡Ҷٱ²裬׼˵ò衱˶оЩԺڵһصѹסˣҲˣ˶޷ֻ˼ת
ô£
Ҷнû뵽ԷȻڲֶΣԷһҪԸԼαʹֱֶΣ
Ϸȴô꣬ڵһλǿߣúϷĶ¯ϷʱӵЦ
һ̣Ҷоһǿ־Լ֮УҪ꣬ȡ塣


2089 
ӵĻҶһԷȻҪԼ
ôԷһΪʲôҪԼһСǵòʧ
ƺоҶ˼һѹҶ־һЦ˵ˣѾ˺ֻܶ꣬ʣһҪֻܶˡ
ҶɫѿԷȻǸˣ֮ǰôûз֣
ò˵ֶ̫ˣȻ
ˣҪǿߵģҲһЩǿߣǵʵ̫ǿˣҵĲ޷ǡԣֻѡˣߵʵ̫ˣҵȴô꣬ûеȵһʵ߳֡
ӼЦҵȵ㣬ˣҼǿĸߵߣǣ֮ǿ󶼿ӽһЩǿˣȱĶ¯
˵Ҷ̲סŭͬʱ߶Լ־Կӵ־
ȻӱϾһλǿĽ£ӵе־̫ǿˣҶеΪ
ɾѹҶ־˷ܵЦˣҪŭҿһλܹΪһ֣ҡ뿴һ𣬳Ϊ
ɣҶŭ
Ǻǣģ㻹ûгΪǿߣֻһߣûʱճӣҸ֮󣬾ͻ㸴ʱһΪͽǲҵ塣Ц
Ҷ޷ң
ܣӰȻǿ߶ܸһЩСǽֻҪһЩۣʱճٸ壬ޱȡֻЩǿߣѾʱճӣû취ġ
һߣȷԸǱ࣬޷ҵġҶһ˵ţһԼ־߶ռ
ʱһӴĿֲ⣬Űӵ־նɱȥ
ʲô˼ҶĻɫ΢΢һ䣬ţ͸ܵҶռ
Ȼռǿ󣬵ҶϾֻһߣͽĲ̫ˣ־Է־ͬ׺һڣֵһᡣ
ȻӸܵռ֮ɫʱұ䣬еǿ֮ǿ֮Ȼǿ֮
ƺЩˣֹͣҶꡣ
ҶŵԴߵǿ֮
ЩɻΪʲôڷԼǿ֮֮󣬾Ȼˡ
ΪʲôҪǿ֮С˵Σֹͣ˷񣬾Ȼƿŭ
ҶеЩĪѾĶңȻҡ
ҶĪ֮ʱܵԼеİ־ʼȥˣҲˡ
ȵҶ۾ʱĶ棬ŰӣֻǰӵɫЩѿ۾˲֮ɫ
ǿ֮ôôùԭջϲһ̾˿
Ҷɵؿͬʱʲô˼Ϊʲôֹͣˣ
ԲŶԷķ֡
㣬һҪʣһƨ԰ҶһۣĿгԹ
ΪʲôҶһ㶣ʵ
̾ߵǿ֮ÿһζл񷣽٣Ƕ㣬ΪҲֻʱָǿ߾磬ΪҵĽ磬Ļ񷣻ǽΣʱʮɱġ
ԭˣҶԻȻ漴ɫЩŹ֣û뵽ξȻǿ֮Լһ

Сӣʲô֣һǵһμ˰ǿ֮߾硣Щʵ
Ҷж԰ЩŭߵҶ죬ԻĽ硣
Ľ磿ӾȵһĽߣôܵˣң㲻֪ǽ㻹
Ǳ˸ƽģҶЩŭ漴Լ䵽˵ǰѾˣҲûʲô
СӵľǷḻ棬漴Ц˵ǸСʶǰֻǹһߣû뵽ѾΪǿߡСб˰𣿡
ûУҶߵơ
ӲЦûжûϵѾǸˣ˰ҲȲҡңǽҪȽһҲʮ˰С
ǺǣҶЦһվ׼뿪
㱻ˣܲˬ뿪˵ء
Ӽ״΢΢ЦôŽȥ𣿡
Ҷһͷ°ӡ


2090 ʳ
£ںȲ裬Ȼʧܣ޷ƺܿͻָľϾǽ̫飬ľֹܹž޲
طλˣǿҲ֪˶٣㻹Žȥ𣿡ӷ²豭Ҷ΢΢Ц
ҶûվԶʵôģ
ǰλġ
Ͼ˻ĳǿߣĽ಻Ǻܴ󣬿ԻܶԷҪɱԷѡ
֪ôģ
һЦ
һ̣Ҷɫ΢䣬Χĳ˱仯
ͺ΢һΧɾɢȡ֮һƬž
ǰͨήˣµԺһƬ棬صʬǶѻɽһ߸õʬ屻һ˽ɫìڿήĹϡ
һɾֱһƬ
Ǳһħʬɱģ
Ȼڿήϵĸʬ忪ˡ
Ҷؿ˹ȥʬû˿ֻһɲдɢ
Ǹӣ
Ҷ΢΢һ
ì𣿡ʬ˵ħʬǳ£ֵʸûУͱһìˡ
ħʬʲôҶ첻࣬һȻһ˳ìɱʵδҲ̫˰ɡ
һ۵ʬ壡ʬ˵ĻҶ𾪡
ˢ
ڴʱ΢棬Χľɫٶȱˡ
ͨ죬ɾȻڹ£Ų衣
ǽĻ
ˣˣҲҪԼ棬άԼ
°ɣһģܱ㼱ŽȥҪáЦָŶʯӶҶ˵
ҶĬƬ̣漴
ſڼ˵ʱʦųȥݼۣϵ۵ݣħʬӺһģһ
˼ָ˴˵أʬ嵮ˡħҶ̲סʵ
ҡҡͷ¶һĨ羴֮ɫ˵ҲΪˣûмۣԶҲ֪۵ΰ󣬼ٹϵĽڿʱеĲҾѾߵ˽ļޣʷҲΨлȼ硣ôܺȻ˭ɱ
Ҷ΢΢𾪣ܹһôݣ۸жôǿ
ǵȷ۵ʬ壬Ҳ²⣬Ӧȥľ壬Ӧ·Ϊ˳Խ磬̤۾Ҫնȥ塣˵
ҶɫһʵǵĹɽµʯϿˣѵʷϣһλ۴ڣ
ڴ£֪Ĳ࣬Ǵ絮֮Ĵ˵˵һλۿ磬Ȼһֱ˯ҡҡͷ
ҶЩź漴ʵʯϿµĻȻҲ֪Ƿ˻
ҡҡͷЦۻҪȽһǺ˵صģôǡ
Ȼ֪Ŀ£Ϊ㻹Ҫ̤˵أҶʵ
һ漴̾˿˵˵أӦ·һƬȰɡ
Ҷ뵽Ƭȡ
̾춼ʳ춼ʳ̫ӣʱ춼ʳͳ˫֪ΪΣͻȻһ죬үү춼Ȼ춼ʳ˵ᣬΪӹһ١
Ҷ΢΢ȣû뵽ͷ
ҵĸ׳޽ţƾ˹ϵѾǹ¼ҹ˵Ҳ޽šҧҧ˵ҵ츳ܸߣһ·ΪǿߣΪִҵүүҵĸףҵǣ춼ʳǣȫڵв֪
ڳΪ֮˵᣿Ҷ˵
ӵ˵ͷô춼ʳ鶼ңǰûʵҲ̤ᣬǳΪ֮Ҿƴһѡ
ô鵽ʲô𣿡Ҷ첻ʵ
ҧˣҵĸףӵܣȫˡЩҲˣҵүүȴ֪١
һ·׷ѰĹȴû뵽ãûнĹڣħʬɱƺЩģҲǣûвѯԭ
ҶĮȻ̫ˣһλϵĽȻʳ˴˵ᣬԼﶼˣ治֪ΪΣ
˶²Ҷ͸޷ˡ
浽ʲôһҲ֪𣿻Уôãû˴𣿡Ҷָŵٴʵ


2091 
ӿçԲԣƣ
ҶҲڿţľɫƺȴһּµΣУϾкܶǿ߶Ϊδ飬֪
дֲûǱȥˣ˵ġջĿ⣬Ҷ죬Ȱ뿪ɣڵΧţǹǿߣһֱڵ档
Ҷ֪ӵĺ⣬ЦҲ뿪ұֻܳǰ޷ˣ·ҲС
΢΢ЦеĹػ󷨣˵صˣŽҲֻлǰѳȥ
԰ֻǰˡҶ̾
ҡҡͷҶ죬ɫЩӵ˵㲻һߵǿ֮ˡ
ʲô˼Ҷɻؿӡ
Ц˵Ϊǿ֮ûж㣬ͬΪǿ֮񷣣񷣵뿪˵أ˵ǲǸˣ
Ҷ۾һ񷣵
ӵͷЦվֻһ󷨣һ۲õ󷨣û䱾Ҳ޵ġοǿҲͻ൱ϣĻ񷣣Ҳ޷赲ֻҪ񷣣ʱӳȥ
ҶԳ˼Ƭ̣ð˵ĺе
ܻ˺Ӧ㹻ˡ
뵽Ҷ˵ͷ԰ӱȭлǰָ㡣
ȻǰϾûгɹǶԷָ㣬Լ»ҪɵؽĹǾǱˡ
Ǻǣ㲻лң֮ǰĵǸɡӰ˰Ц
Ҷ˵ͷ漴վ˵ǰҪҸطչˣˣ֪ʲô֣֪ʲôϢҪҴȥģ
ЦҪء
ǰ˵ֻҪܹȥһ㴫Ҷ֣ص
ӵͷ˵ҽ춼㣬֮ǰҲ˵ˣ춼ʳ֮ҾͰ޽ţΪ޽ŵһλ̫ϳϡ޽һɣڳ֮⣬һλǾҵʦ޽һλϵĽʵǳǿϣȥܹ֮ҵ˵ʦ
ˣҶ˵ͷЩ𾪣λ޽ԼǽҲͰˣȻ̵һλ
Ŷˣ
ӺȻ֣ĳţһƷлԭʯиָĵرһһѰɫϢƴ󣬷ǳֲ
Ҷ춢ѽɫ𶯣һЩ²⡣
ָֻдŰɫĹ˵׻֮ϣǿʹõĺں֮ϣǽʹõĽѽһֱĽѾˣϣܹҰ޽ţҲǲʦҵĽ̵֮һţЩĴҲûˣ͵Ǹıꡣ
ǽͲ±Ҹ̰𣿡Ҷ̲סʵ
˵ʵһĶ
¶һĨţ΢΢Ц֮ҵӡǣˣҲʹáֻʦܽӡǣȻǿҲĨҵӡǣĽܹĨӡǵ˺١
ԭˣѹȥǺǣ˵һĶˡҶЦǺǵ
ԹЦ㵹̹ϣҲϾǿ߶ᶯĵġ
ãҴӦˡҶͷ˰ӵš
漴ҶȻ˵ʬأҴ޽𣿡
һ̾
Ҷٸ΢棬Χٶȱˣ֮ǰήʬǶѻɽĵ
Ǳɫìڹϵĸʬ忪˵ɱҵħʬһˣͻħʬµʬЩһЩ֪ġ
Ҷһ˵ˣǰһܹﵽۺͻǸ߶ȣһһˣʬǴȥ
Ǻǣܹõʬ忪Цߵǿ֮һΪǿߣǿǿߣһΪ˽ǾǿĽͻ۱ȼҲ⡣
ǾͳˣҶ΢΢һЦ漴ڸһط󷨣ʼչطꡣ
һΣ׼ñ˰ˣΪѾûʥˣʥЧҲˡ


2092 һʱ
Ҷ첢û뿪ӶԶϾֻǰ޷ˣȡһ׻սƷ
ԶڹºȲ裬ڵʱ䲻ˣɱȣҲ治ɫ
ǿĽǺǣҲҪܹߵõ硣ӿһҶķ΢΢ҡͷһЦ
Ҷ첢ûôģϾǿ֮ҲоҪΪǿ߶ܣ˵ǳΪˡ
ҶھҪñ˰ôԺ·أ
Ҫ꣬ô˰Ʊز
ңڿԷ꣬Ϊߵڳǿһеģܹסִ硣
ȵҶǿߺôҪ߷·ͱԼӽΡ
˽磬ٷ꣬ҶѾԼʲô̶Ȳˡ
ȱҶһֱûѡֻҧȥ

֮УҶ첢ûһ°ӸƷ
ǼҪ޽֮⣬ΪһĴǳӴҲǳмֵ
ǻԭʯ5000ڣֵܴ󣬵ڽ˵ԭʯôǺܴҪĶѾûԭʯܹõżġ
Ҷеϲһƿ֮ƿҲһ׻ڲռܴҶһ£һƿĻ֮µʮλֵ֮ɱ5000ڻԭʯˡ
ԺҲΪ֮ˡҶʱһЦ֮ǰҪʡãȫԻӻˣǿҲѻôĻ֮
ϾʹǿҪȡ֮Ҳѣڽ˵׶ˡ
Щ֮⣬һƷֵܴһڽɫսףɢǿԶԶ׻Σǿʹõĺ
͵
Ҷ۾һǺö
ϣ֮Ѿɳ׻ļ£Ժ϶Σټսף͹һ壬ȱˡ
ЩмֵĶ⣬ʣµĶһЩĵرȻֵҲܴ󣬵ǶҶ
һЩսҶ첢ûпκһΪӲϣԼĹսй¶ȥǰٵ˰ɡ
ϾһǿߣԼĴǷǳġ

ЩƷҶͿʼˡ
˶ηľ飬ҶˣȻƲأٿоˡ
֮Ҷóһ˰ʱӿҶ˲ãҶ궼ǿ˲١
ʥ˰ЧõҶ쾪ϲ˾ҲѹǿߺͽҪá
ɡѡɡѡ
Ҷڷ֮Уʱš
һΡΡʮΡʮΡ
ŲϵطɣҶҲԽԽء
е߽ߵߣʮΣڴӸߵ߽۷壬Ѿ˶ʮˣ۷廹ٴΡ
˵ԽҪķɴˣҲ˵Ҫı˰С
գʮ֮Ҷڽ۷徳硣
¡¡
У٣նŤػĹҲ˺ѿˡ
ֵĵĹҲ¶ʵһĻ
Ҷ߳ȻһƬɽ壬ѻʬǣɽ嶼·޾ʬǶѻɣǳ𺳡
ﵽ˶ˣҶ첻૵
ԶҲŵĹҲǵһμ㾰󣬷ǳ𾪡
ԹȻûһʱ
ҶҲ°ӱǣϾӶһˡ
Ѿ˺󷨣뿪˵ˡ̧̧ͷ漴Ҷ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ָŵĹ޾ʬǣ̲סʵô£ﲻλ۵ĳ˯֮ôôˣ
̾ҲֻǴʦһԣ˵һ鲢硢ĵһ飬ǵ֮ǰһʱλ۱Ǹʱ顣˻˵Ψһ壬ҲǸʱĲ顣ֻǺ֪ʲô飬ǸʱĻȺֻʣȫ˽Ψһ硣
ʱĹһɱֲϢǳǿ֮ϵĻ޷ڸϢ
ɫ䣬ҶȵߣħʬҪˡ
Ҷһ̲סĹһƳʱ޾ĺڰһ˫ӣЯͬԨһĿֲ񣬽һ۾Ҷ䣬Լ궼ս
䣡
ؼʱ̣񷣽ˡ
׵Ҷ쾪ѣٿĹŻ˺󷨵ʱԶ


2093 
Ĺػ󷨱˺ѣһҶûȦȦһ·ӳ˵ĹַΧƬϤȡ
ҶСܣǸڲԶţƺη񷣣ҽӽ
ҶʼĶɽ١
¡¡
һһܼÿһǳĿֲԽ˰벽ǿߵܺ۷ǿȼջ֮Ტˡ
ҶҲҴ⣬ϾͿʼȼջ֮ʩչžŹһ֮Լս˼£ֲֵĻ񷣡
ҶΪǿ񷣵ҲԽԽֲȿֲĻ񷣣Ҷκһ߶޷ɹҲֻС
ϵȼջ֮ҶƴڵֵһεĻֲ̫ˣЩ׾ҪǮȥ
úҶһѪɫӰǻ˳ֳһѪɫìҶɱ
ռ
Ҷֳϣ֮ӭȥ
ȻʵǳпᣬǸѪɫӰӳѪɫìǿҶռһѪɫìҶ嶴ѪȾա

Ҷҽŵɳȥݺݵڵϡ
оĲʧ
ǸѪɫӰ̫ˣһͽҪ
˰Ҷžʹóһ˰˲ָұøǿˡ
֮дֲҲд
ÿһδͷҶʵͻͽ
ǸѪɫӰʵ̫ǿˣÿһѪɫìܽҶ׶
̶Ƭ֮䣬ҶͲòʹ˾Ŵα˰ͱɱˡ
ʣ˰ˣҶɫޱȡ
ӹʮ˰֮ǰĹʱõһ䣬õʮ࣬õ˾Ŷ䣬ֻʣ˰ˡ
ãҶҵǣеǸѪɫӰʧˡ
ʣµĻȻɿֲѾøǿҶ죬վҧֹȥˡ

һ˵Ҷ֮УŻɢ˿
һûñ˰ָʵϾֻʣ˰ˣǿģԲ˷ˡ
ݣ
ҶСܷ˹ҶӣȻվһԸҶ커
Ҷȡлָơ
ԼһЩָƵĵرҰ͸ƷҲָƵĵرЩȻ˰ô٣ЧҲǲģҶֻҪһʱ䣬һԻָ
ҶƲϵػָһԽԽǿϢɢ
Ҷܾϲ۷徳֮ʵﵽһҲ֪ĳ̶ȡ
սͿȰ벽ǿߣʹ˾žŹһ֮ս㳬Խ˰벽ǿߣҲǴﵽߵļޣ޽ӽǿˡ
޽ӽǿߣһǳģľ磬Ҷҿ϶ԼǿߣԱЩ벽ǿǿ˺ܶ౶
Ͱ벽ǿһսԺɵؾܹܶԷʹһĻôɱõ
̶ֳȵҶ죬ʹû֮ԼԿԺǿּ߽ˡ
οҶ컹Ӱõһ͵ĺսףǿķ
֪ǷԴǿ
Ҷ߳¶ǰδеš
漴Ҷ𹬵߸Сܣתһ۵Ĺķ򣬱ͷΧȥ
Ĺʵ̫Σˣǲٽȥˡ
ʲôʱ˽ﵽۺͻǸߵȣһ̽ɡ

СػصĹΧҶûмڳȥ
ȻĹѾȥܶˣǿߵǺǿģ˭֪û뿪
׼ҶһħȥԿ
ȫ
Ҷķ뿪Ĺ֮󣬲ûҲܵǿߵϢ
Ϊ˱һ㣬Ҷ컹ԼķøԶһЩ
ֱȷ뿪֮Ҷ˿ŻɳĹ
ϣҶıո뿪ĹһǿϢͻȻ٣·

Ҷɫؿ󷽡
ǿƣ¶һŷֽЦһλĶȻãڸϵϢ
㻹İҶɫأѾһλ֮Һԥȼ
ȼջ֮𣿡ɭЦϧվֻһߣٶĻ֮Ҳ޷ǿ߿⡣
˵գһ̤Լûȡһȭ
ս壬ΪһλǿߣսѾԲ磬ǿˡ
һȭڿɱκεߡ


2094 ޽
ƼɱҶɫһ䣬һʱ߶Ѿĺڽսףս׵ֽ춼ǵΪ춼ʳ̫ʱүү춼ʹ͵ġ
Ҷû߶ģ۷徳֮սԽ˰벽ǿߣټϻ֮Ŀֲӳɣǿ߶
䣡
춼߶ʱסҶȫһɿµϯȥòԶɱĿһ
ҶͻȻֵսףЩ𾪣¶ϲ֮ɫ
һ˰Ҫõ˰õһԵĺ˷ܴЦ·Ѿˡ
ЦݺܿˣΪһȭ֮Ҷסˡ
䣡
ҶȻǿɳȥǶѪҺԵú˷ܣΪס˿һȭ
ǿߣҲˣҶһЦĨǵѪҺתߡ
ߣʱӦһ߽գһȡԼĺ׼ٴɱҶ죬ȻСҶˡ
͡
սʱ䶼ֹͣˡ
Ҷϵ춼ɢ޴ڻ֮ȼ£Ӳ俪˽գҶС
һ̣ҶѾںԶ֮ˡ
Ҷʧɫʱһ䣬æ˺ѿռ׷ȥ
Ҷ첻ͣߡ
Ȼղס˿һȭҲˣҪǣֻǿһȭҶԷûʹú
ͿһսĻ
СӣӲģѾϵ˺˵ء׷Ҷ
ҶɫʵҪȿǿö࣬ˣԷһ˾ץסοԱߵĿ
ֻˣҶȻԼſһǣ¶ǼϢ޽ʵֻҪ磬϶Ӧõ
Ͼʼô꣬޽ܲģܲѰң
ǡ
׷ҶĿҶܵ˽Ϣɫʱ
ǿǽʹڹ壬Ҳ
СӽĹһˣѵھ˾޴ıأõˣЩ˼飬漴Ϳϲ
Ϳʼϵĺ񣺡񣬿ҷСһܿǴӵĹ֮дġ
ʲôڸĺɫһ䣬漴ֱʹطӿٶȸӵУõˣʵ϶ٽһ
ͬʱһƬɽ֮У޽ŵܲһͨУһλ˯ĺ׷߻۾
ǰןhٽϢͽ𣿡
һ̤˸ʧ֮С
ʱҶ죬ǳĽΪѾܵ˺ϢңԶķ
ڹǴһʱ䣬ҶںϢǳϤԷƺʹʲôطڲϵؽӽ˵ء
ңĿҲʱعҶ죬Ҷٶȡ
ɶ񡭡޽ɲʧҶţλǿǹϵĽʵͨ쳹أӦٶȸһЩɡ
Ҷ죬ͣɣԶǿգҶʱڶơ
ĿҲ׷
λǿߣһǰһסҶ졣
Ҷ죬ܲġŽǰҶ죬ʱɭЦ
˿һۣŭ㣬ô顣
Ǻǣ֪ڨڨһЦôĹΪǴһһϵı˰ҪĶ
ߣһῨǿҶ죬˵Ҷ죬ЩɣǲڿӵеģֻҪǹĿˣѧԺʦ
Ҷǿ֮ˣǲɱģһ뿴ҶǷԳΪǿߣлڣҶڻҪԶֵġ
ҶǷΪǿߣ˵ֿԺСҶĽҳΪǿߣֻҪҶǹǣнҶҲʲôˡ
Σ
ԺıʣҶ³֡
Сӣʶ㡣û˵ʱŭ
ʶΣ

仰Ҷ˵ģȴǴҶ
Ϳɫһ䣬Ҷ
ѿһλ׷ͯյ˳俴ͿСȻҲˣȻ޽ŵĵ̷
޽
ͫһ
ûм޽ȴ˵޽Ĵʱɫ䡣
ͬʱҶ˿޽ûʧʱ˹


2095 Ϊ
޽֣վҶһߣͿɫһ࣬һĽǻеԣ޽һλϵĽнжǺպĴڣǹǰɲһô
ŹҶ죬õֵĽͱ˰ߣǺ񣬻ǿǲԸġ
޽Σһ񣬲˵޽ʵǶԷҲöࡣ
ݼ޽ǰ͸ӹˣֻǹ½ǿߣݵλȺ񶼵ͣ˵޽ˡ
ȻԹޱȵĺ뿨޽һӶûиǣֱӻ˻֣ͷ˵
ƻӲӬƵġ
Ҷ쿴úˬ֮ǰͿϣҲ˱˵ϵζˡ
һҧгݣȴҳ
ǰǴǹӳġŬϾҶļֵܴ
ҪôҪô޽ûȺ˵꣬㿪ڴϵгһѪɫɢſֲɱ
ƣһɡ
ޱߵɱӿȣŤӿ
ͿȻؿ޽û뵽λǰɷôأٿ޽˫ڵ޾ɱ֮ǵˡ
û˿ԥͿϾͻܻعˡ
Ҳǵù޽ڿҶ֮󣬾֪ԼǸͽܿˣԲŻôɱͿҲǹͷϡ
Ҷ죬޽ǰͿȥҶ˿ſڹ˵
ȸһ޽Űɣ޽Ҷһۣ漴һ̾Ҷȥ
ԶͿӦ޽Ҷȥ˵ɫѿ
ô죿ʵ
һۣŭΪһ̰Ūġ
ڨڨ˵ҪҶЩ˰ȷЩصοҶ컹Ǻжġ
ߣһȥںˣҶ䵽޽˭ٵõˡ
Ҳһֱ޽šЩġ
û취ˣʲôʱ뿪˵
µʱʲô˰ͽûˡ
ǱˣûиӦĻӦ춼ĽҲ޽ͽܵĽ϶ᱻ޽ջҡҡͷ
ٻб˰Сӿ϶ѱ˰͸޽ģС˰˱˰´β߽սҲаա˵
Ҳ͸¶Сб˰Ϣ޽֪˰϶סһеС뿪˵˵뿪ˡ
Щģıôãֶ飬˺񣬼ֱǵòʧ
Сӣ
Ҷ޵ҧгݡ

ͬʱ޽ţ޽Ҷ콵١
УҶ콫޽Ħеİɫϵһ˿ˣҲֻһšΪϵĽѾ£̫̫ˣѾǡ
˵˵ɣô£޽֮󣬿Ҷ˵
Ҷ쵱ԼڵĹӵľ˵ûʲôصģûǣʲôܡ
޽Լͽܱħʬɱ֮ɫȻ
ۡһҾ֪ǲôȥ޽ɫƺ뵽ʲôõ飬ӹһ˿ŭ֮ɫ
ǰڰҶ
޽ĬƬ̣漴ִ̫̾н֮ϡǶлСѣܹĽ˶޽űر
춼ǰָ㣬Ҳܰȫ뿪ᡣҶǫѷ
޽÷ذ˰֣漴˵ʲôҪֱԡ
ͲˣҶ룬漴˵ߵǿ֮ڹõ˹ǰݵǿ֮֮·˵һЩǿǰҲݹǿ֪֮ǰܷ
޽Ц֮ͶѣЩϢǺ󣬱Ͼû˸ǿ֮ʹмģҲûߵ߼ЩϢѾźܶ꣬ûʲôô
˵գ޽һָҶ죬һϢ˹
ϵĽ֮һҲǿ֮ЩϢȻ
ҶЩϢûϲ鿴Ƕ޽млǰ
ˣЩϢصĽֵ̫ˡ޽ҡҡͷ漴һıһƣ׸Ҷ졣
Ҷһ޽ĸ֣ʱɫһ
ҵƣĽǿ߼ƶΪ㣬ƣ糩裬¹͹ħˣҲΪ㡣ֻ㣬һ뿪磬ƾͻʧ޽˵
ҶԿϲæٶȸм޽


2096 °
޽۷¶Ҷǿ֮࿴һЩҲûжڴϾΪҶܹߵõ磬ǿ߾綼δشõڸҶ֮ͽˡ
ҶҲû⣬Ͼ޽ݵλ̫ˣڽǿ߶㲻ʲôοССˡ
֮ԸҶôҲΪҶ޽Ŵһ
ǳ󣬺һλһ㶼ֻһۺͻܻһЩ
ˣһ޽˵Ǳȶһλǿ߶Ҫ
Ϊˣ޽ŸҶһЩô

뿪޽סҶ޽Źš
޽糬ɣռǳڵҲǳĶࡣ
޽޽ŵĴʼˣͬʱҲ޽ŵ̫ϳϣסĵط޽ŵĽء
ˣػڽſڵһӻҶȻӽ֮Ƶ߳ʱʱˡ
˭
Ȼӽ
ǲǵǱ˰
׳հ̫ϳڴ˵أ˭Ǳ

ЩһЩߣΪ׵Ļһλ۷ǿߡ
ǵǣΪҶǼϸϾ޽סĸϸҴ
ǲ²⣬п޽Ŀˡ
ǣΪ׵Ļæȥλѣʲô԰ģ
ȻóҶΪһ۷壬ǶԷȻܹɳأݵλ϶Աģ̬ȷǳ
ǺǣҾ䣬æǵȥɡҶЦǺ˵
һڻ
Ҳ²͸ҶֲҵҶ죬ֻùԹԵ뿪ˡ
Ҷ첻ɵӣҲµó޽סǽأ˹˼Ȧ֮뿪˽ء
ûм뿪޽ţϾزģ֪ͿǷȻ޽ƣ˭֪һ᲻ɵ޽Ͼǹˣôɵ޽
ˣҶ޽һʱ䣬ʱΪ̫죬Ҫչȹһ£˳һЩ
Ҫסأ
Ҷ뿪֮󣬱ҸղǶӻȴѾˣֻüǰߡ
ҲΪ￿أҶһ·϶һˣֱɽ֮ҶſһӰ̤ն
Ҷ״æӭȥ
ţ
һ꣬ڷŨüţǰҶ죬ʱüͷ
Ҷò׼һˣæЦλֵܣǵһ޽ţ֪п˱չصסָһ
˵漴ƹҶ뿪
Ҷһ㶡
ô
֮ǰǶӻͿôһ˾ô䵭
˺˵Ĳôô
Ҷֹ
Ҷɲ뿪Ͼĵһˣ˭֪һʲôʱˡ
޽ŵȻ࣬ڱչ
ЩûбչĵͼӣҲûá
ݣ
ҶٶȺܿ죬ٴǰ
꿴ҶȻʱˣ֮жɱ⣺
Ҷüͷһ˵һ̫˰ɣЩȥˣһֱó޽ƣǰʾ漴ȵҸطҪչء
̫ϳϣ
꿴Ҷʾƣԭ䵭ݣʱ¶֮ɫ̲סҶʵ˭޽ŵҴʶһô̫ϳϵƣ
һΪж䵭أⲻͶ𣿡Ҷ켥һ䣬漴ߵôʲôֻҪҵľˣ˵㲻Ʒ
㡭һЩŭǿпҧ
Ҷ΢΢һЦȥ
һǾһɫɽϡ
ɽһͨԺ䣬ߵԺǰҶ˵ڴҸطչذɣû˸ġ
˵꣬׼Ժ䡣
ݣ
ҶȽУ㵵ЦԺҺϲҾչˣȥҸطɡ
˵꣬ŭ꣬Թ˵ؽӱչȥˡ
ҶıӰŭ޽ŵݣܹһ뵽Ҷе޽ƣε̾˿漴ԺԱҸط
ֻôҲ
˼Ƭ̣¼磬ĳ˷ȥһѶϢ̫ϳϸЩ˷ƣ
ף°ѵȻϵҡһŹӰǰȻ۳ȻγһƤЦĻ·ˣȵضǰڵϵ°
°ϻ
ôȤ·ƲƲ죬漴˵̫ϳϿ۷ܹõƣһû˵ӦûУϾ˭˼ҵ۾
Ҹղſһ̫ϳϵƣ°˵
ʲô
·˶ʱ֮ɫ


2097 ӡ
˭
·֮æʵȻŲšҪ֪ݣû޽ơ
ǰ°޽ŵĵһţҲûеõ޽Ͽɣڳһӵ޽Ƶˡ
жǳ𾪺Ͳ⡣
棬ոңҸһչؾסĵط°ָԺ˵
·Щ㶵ؿ˿ӵķ漴ֿ°̲סЦˣ˵һԭǱ˰ռס˸ϳ˰ҵҪʶˣȤȤ
°üͷʱһֱڣѵһ㶼֪
·ֹͣЦҡҡͷŵӶοһˣȵȣʿ
˵գ·˱۾
°Ż·ˣĵȴš
ú󣬻·ٶ۾°д֮ɫҸղһЩˣػصһ˵Ǵӽ߳ģǾ̫ϳϵĿˡ
˵꣬·ɳ𾪺Ͳš
°Ҳһ֮ɫ̫ϳϰǿ紫˵еĴڣ޽ŵһŶûм
ʲôΪǿ߻ǽ·̲ס°ʵ
°ҡҡͷһ۷壬ûʲôر𡣡
ܹõ̫ϳϿɵߣһǵһ˵غ󣬿ɱ˽ңҵҪǺηʥ·棬漴ΪһƬʧ
°ҶڵӣɫӣЩʺս⡣

С
Ҷڲ鿴޽ռϢ
һĽǿҲݹǿ֮ĺ·
Ľǿݵǿ֮ȹǿݵĸơ
ǿݵ·Ƿ꣬ȻɣҶο·Ѿߵ۷徳磬֤ǿݵû
ֻ·̫ˣҶѾûб˰ˣҪȥֻٴǰȥժȡ˰ѱӲţһȥ
ǲȥôռ
ãǰǣһ·
·ɻ
ûɻ
ҶҲˣֱȥǰжô
ǵݣֱӾɻȻȫɣһһɣ׳Լǿֱ֮ȥ
ǰǻҶݳɻķ
֪ϣҪֱӴһ⣬СҲܵɡοôǿôɣ
ǰݣΪһЩ֮ٲֵĻɡֻֽ񷣣ǳΣա
Ҷ쿴֮һͷǷ꣬ɻΣء
㹻ı˰ô·һ㡣
ûб˰ôֻɻ·ˡ
Ҷ˳˼
ûϼϾֱɻ̫ΣˣҪһʱ俼ǡ
ԴˣҶʱռȫĵĹ
ﵽ۷徳磬Ҳ޽ӽǿߣټ츳Щ˺ܶࡣ
ԺŹѾ˵ʮ߲۷壬ֻһܹԲˡ
Ҷ쿪ʼġս塷͡ʯ˾Ŷ幦֮Ҳ٣ͨŹҶѰͻơʮ˲ĻԵ
ʱһš
Ҷòװѹ޽ţȫбϣԵúɣר
һݣĵʮ˲ڱˡ
䣡
Ҷͻƣ϶ʱһɫޱҫ۵Ĺâǿա
Բġǳǿ
ڴʱҶüĵĻ֮ӡǶʱȻ¶ҴҶһӴϢ
ӡ
Ҷ鿴Ϣʱɫޱ𶯣¶һĨš
⾹ȻһǿսֻаѡԲ磬ʩչսǳǿ
Ҷ첻뵽ȥѧϰԺŹʱԺԺһ飬˵Ź֮ŻѧĽִ߱Ǵһ˿Ƥëջܴ
˿ⲻӡӦþžѧһ֡
ҶʱϲȲҪǿսԼս


2098 д
ҶһαչҪʱ̫ˣӡǿսǺĵҶ첻ʱɹ
һܼ͡ҿ
Ҷ۾һԼαչĵʱ䣬ʱˡ
Ȼȥһܼ͵ʱ䡣
һܼͱ1200ڸԪ
Ҷӳ߾磬Ҳûкĵһܼͣû뵽νչһΣȻͺĵôʱ䡣
ô
Ҷ㡣
ܿˣһܼ͵ʱ䣬ڲӡս档
սѶҶ찵࣬ȻҪôʱ䡣
ʵϣҶǴС֣߾磬չػȥһܼǺģ༸ܼͶġ
Ҷֻһܼ;˲ӡѾǺܿˡ
һܼͰҲ֪ʲô飬ûػĽˡ
Ҷ߳ӣüͷ
û뵽αչػõôʱ䡣
Ҳ֪ǷѾͻĽںϣսǷѾʼˡ
Ҷܳء
ˣ
Զ°ע⵽߳ӵҶ죬ʱ򿪻ϵĳˡ
һ̣һŻ·ƾճ°Աߡ
ҶӦ˿ռ䲨
°ͻ·ҲҶ졣
·˱ȭЦŸ߷壬޽λʦ°֪λֵմ
޽
Ҷ΢΢ݣ˹ЦҶ죬λ
Ҷ죿°üͷ塣
Ÿ߷ԺҲǸŽҶ죬˰û뵽Ҷˣҡҡͷˡҹªţ֪ҶǳĸɣΪǰû˵
ҶĳɣɢһǵȻû˵ҶЦ
°Ÿ߷һ㶡
ɢޣ
̫ϳϾȻϿһλɢޣ
Ǻǣ˵ҶĳҲˣԻĽ硣ţҪ˵ɵĻӦǴԺĵӣǴԺѾɢˡҶٶ˵
ԺǸѧԺ°Զݡ
Ÿ߷Ȼ򣺡ԭҶԻĽ磬ѹû˵ԺǿǿѧԺҶҲ֮ѹֻõ̫ϳϵϿɡ
Ҷ΢Цõ޽ϿɣֻǸ޽һŻ޽ơ
ȻҶҲûɵýͣǼɣֻкô
ԺҿѾãҶ죬дһ°ɡ°Ȼ˵Ŀ⣬һɾս⣬ֱҶ졣
Ҷʱһ㶡
ԱߵŸ߷ҶЦҶ֣λʦ־һսӺӣƽս·ǿߣİ벽ǿߺ۷ǿ߻϶ս
ʵҲ뿴Ҷʵ
ãҲ޽ŵĸͽдһ¡ҶûЦŵͷ
룡°ʱһϲֱӳŸ߿ճȥ
Ÿ߷ҶһۣҲ߿ա
˶Ǹ֣ܿʹ޽ŵĻɽ˸߿ջ֮С
°Ѿ׼ˣҶ죬Ҷ죬ǰ벽ǿߣ۷壬ģһΪѹ۷徳һս
ˣȫʩչҶ쵭Ц
°üͷһ壬ҶЩˣ°Ȼͬһͬ統УܹӮ˺٣οǱȶָһ硣
ԶŸ߷Ҳ˵Ҷ֣㲻Ҫˣʦ°еİ벽ǿߵУҲԿǰ塣
ҲҶ̫ˣһ
ҶЦֱ¶ԼǿϢµϯŸ߷°һ
֣ڿԿʼ𣿡ҶЦſ°
°һҶ죬ɫࣺԭҶʵǿĳˡ
˵գѹԼΪȫҶɱ
䣡
Ҷӭϣڻ֮мҲɱ˿µĲ
˵ʵǳǿǿ֮Ƕģսǳҡ
ԶŸ߷ڹսࣺҶ컹Ȼ۷徳ܹʦֲ£ѹֿԵõ̫ϳϵϿɡ֣Ժûôᵮǿţ
䣡䣡䣡
֮УҶ°ս
˶ӲӲ˭Ҳû˺󣬽Ȼòʤ
Ȼ°ѾȫʩչˣҶȴ˺ܶĵƣһ;žŹһ֮ûʩչĿǰֻԼıʵս
ͬǰ벽ǿߣɱλĺˡҶһսһ¶֮ɫ
Ҫ֪Ȼֻ۷徳磬ռǿԱȼ벽ǿߣοѾԲġսڰ벽ǿߵоڶġ


2099 ѧԺ
ҶȻʼѹʦˣʵ磬³˻Ĺλ⣬Ҳû˿Կˡ
Ÿ߷һ߹սһֹк𾪡
ҶסְɣĳˡڴʱԶҶ켤ս°ˡ
Ҷһ㶣ûдˬˣô˵ˣһԼĲӡء
˼ҶˣҶҲͲٳˡ
˱˴֣ص޽š
Ÿ߷忴Ҷһ֮ɫû뵽Ҷôѹֻõ̫ϳϵϿɡ
İ벽ǿߵУҶŵǰˡ°Ҳͷ˵
ǰ
ҶҡͷҪʩչ˾žŹһ֮İ벽ǿǰĶ֡
˵һѹƶء
ʱҶУĶѾǿ߲Ρ
ǿ£Ѿ
ȻҶһǫ飬ЦŰֵλˣֵʵҲ
ǿǱ˴ϧġ
ûһ˾Ϥĳֵˡ
ҶҲûŸ߷Ľ飬޽Ϣ϶ͨ
°Ǿ˰ɣһȻݵλŸ߷֪ͣսǿߣ¡
ҶԵȣ
Ÿ߷Ҷѯʵ飬漴͵¼磬ѯһЩˡ
Ƭ̣Ÿ߷۾Ц˵ҶֲصˣͻĽ绹ûںϣ޽ŵĸ㣬ҪںϣҲһʱˡ
Ҷ˿ֻҪûںϾͺãܸϵüȥ
Ҷ֣ǲڵڻĽһЩ˺ѣһԵ°ȻˣҲǰ׳գܿͲµҶ˼
Ҷ˵ͷ
Ÿ߷ЦҶ֣Ȼˣβ罫ǽӵ̫ϳϵƣֱӰǴ޽ŵĵ̣ȫȻб֤
Ҷ˼漴ҡҡͷлֺ⣬ǵĸڻĽ磬ǼڻĽɡ
ҶţڻĽʵ̫ϧˡŸ߷Щźҡҡͷ
Ҷ΢ЦǾڻĽȫһЩ
Ͼûõ޽ϿɣֻǱ˴˽һԵˡ޽ҲչһЩҲ˶ѡ
ڻĽ磬뻹лĽִߺʹԺһЩǿߣһĽĸ٣ʵԱˣܹٽһ㣬˵Կǿˡ
⣬ǿ̫ˣҶһߣʱǿ߶ĵط
Ҷ֣ȻҪϻػĽ磬Ҳ˳·ǾһȥһѧԺɣŸ߷Ȼ˵
Ҷһ㶣ʵȥѧԺΪʲô
Ÿ߷ЩؿҶ죺Ҷ֣ҪػĽ磬ѵ·֪𣿳޽ŸǿȥĽ磬Ǿֻһ·ѧԺͨǻĽĵ·
ԭˣҶȻ
Ÿ߷Ц޽ҪȥѧԺͽ͸һɡ
ͽҶԴо棬޽žȻȥѧԺͽѧԺô
Ÿ߷ԹЦ
һԵ°Ҳݸ
Ҷɻؿǡ
Ÿ߷ֹͣЦҶ͵ѧԺǻĽľ죬ǿľŴͬģǴڵĿģǾŴš
ѹ֣ҶȻȴǰ࣬һ޽Ŷǿټ˴֯ǿֲ
߰ɣҶڣ˵޽ŻŰ롣Ÿ߷˵óһսҶ°뿪޽š
·ϣŸ߷Ҷ˵Ҷ֣ȥͽĲֻ޽ţ˴ǵʱҪдһϾЩѧԱֻпǿ֮󣬲Ż롣ʱ˵ҪҶְֳһ¡
û⡣Ҷ˵ͷ˵֮Ͷѡ
ޱߣʹŸ߷սٶȺܿ죬Ҳǻ˼ٸԪŵִѧԺ
ȻҶԼ·գǾͿˡ
ϾҶٶȿԱȼǿߡ

ѧԺΰ׳ۣһѧԺ
ѧԺûнĴ½棬ǽһž޴ϣƯУһ̫һҫ۶Ŀ
ҶǵִѧԺʱ򣬿Χսǳ࣬飬塣
ֵĳ棬Ҷƽ
һԵŸ߷Ц˵ǾŴͽӣԱȽ֣ȻƽʱҲǷǳֵġ
Ҷ˵ͷ
Ÿ߷ڣǵսǳ˳ؽѧԺ
ôͽҶѯʵ
Ÿ߷˵ǾŴˣǻᰲһˣѧԺвμӿˣȻеһЩѡǸ
Ÿ߷壬޽һÿζǵǣǵӻǴ󰡡ڴʱԶһ


2100 
һȺߣ˴վһʮλͶ۷壬Ҷ찵ࡣ
ղ˵һλ벽ǿߣŸ߷һˬڷ°һ˿ɵ
°û뵽Ҳˡ˶°ƺǳɵ
ߣ°һûлػ
Ÿ߷ԱߵҶ촫һ̵ˣɣʵʦ֡
Ҷ˵ͷҲʵǿ
Ÿ߷Ҷ֮󣬲̧ͷɣЦɣôʲôÿͽ̶޽š
οδŶ˵ƺš
Ÿ߷ɻ֮ʡ
ȺдһŸ߷壬޽οҪСˣһǿԮҲʶǻۡ
ʲô
Ÿ߷ɫһ䣬ؿɣȻˣ
ٺ٣ǿûй涨ԮɵЦ
Ÿ߷ߵλ˲СĴֻۣһȺѣõôƴ𣿡
ʲô£Щͷ˵ȻˣǾͿʼ˰ɣǶôˡ
ߣ߰ɣŸ߷ߵ
漴һͬ뿪
·ϣŸ߷Ҷ°ˣû뵽̰ɻ۸ˣǿ²Ƕ֡
һѣ˾Ͱˡ°˵
Ÿ߷ЩģԻۣҲֻ޿κΡ
ҶֺܾȣǵõҽʱΪˣû뵽ۣҴ˵ʵƺǿˡ
£ҶѯʵʲôΪʵǿôɵ
Ҳǰ벽ǿߣʵǳǿ磬ǿ£ǿһû֮һŸ߷ɫص
°Ҳ˵ͷϴд裬֧Ƭ̡
ҶԶݣ۸ӿˣڶԼţǻۣҲܹܡ
ҶЩڴͻ۽ˡ

úһƬ޴Ĺ㳡ϡ
ѧԺѾ˾̨Ÿ߷ǾŴĴֱȻ¹㳡һȺ
˿ʼ
ѧԺһλԺ˵漴ּһѧԺǶ˽ȥ
ҶŸ߷ԱߣۿھһϵеĿˣɼ
ͨЩˣųһЩʲģѡһȺˡ
ڶЩȻǵģ
ףС޳ȻҶɫһȻзˣͽСĺѽ޳
þûмˣû뵽ǾȻ쵽磬μˡ
˼Ҷʱ¶Цݣû뵽ȻˣԼ˺ѡ
Ҷϸ˿Сͽ޳ѾΪˣǵʷǳãѾǧˣȺһеġ
ôҶֿ˭𣿡һԵŸ߷ע⵽Ҷɫ仯ɵÿ˵
Ҷ΢Цˣ
˵գҶָָСͽ޳Цһҵͽܣһҵѣ츳
ŶŸ߷Դо棬Աߵ°˹ɫԵЩ⡣
Ÿ߷ϸ˿ڿеСͽ޳ɫ͵ص˵ͷ˵츳ȷҶϸ޽Ҫˡ
Ը½޳СΪǵ츳⣬ҲҪҶ졣
ǺǣԸ⣬ҲֹҶЦ˵ܹ޽ţСͽ޳Ҳкô뽫бϣߵøߡ
츳ܸߣҶǺġ
Ǿô˵ˡŸ߷ʱЦ
ڼ
һ˵ĵڳ˵ע⡣
Ҷڡ
Ϊ̫ҫˣվģĿ
ǻۡ
ۣ
Ÿ߷°һɫޱء
ҶҲڴŻۣڶμۣǸоһķâ¶âҫ۶Ŀ
۴һɫսۣɵԱߣɫ䵭֮дһ˿ưӵĿɨڳһۣ漴۾ʲôһ
ŰŸ߷ܲˬ˵
°ŵʵ
УҲѪ츳̫ˣò˶ͳˣֱӱǿߡŸ߷һĽʺޡ
ҶҲĽһǿߣĹѪǿѪ
ͬʱҶҲһսǿǻĹһѪжôǿ뿴


2101 ս
ʱţ˽β
úСͽ޳Ҳ̱߳ˣȻʵ˲μӿ˵ǿ̫ˣҲֻǿǰһ
ȻѾܲˣΪǰһʸŴ

ֹһʱ䣬˽ˡ
еˣҶ˸Ե
ǰһ˹㳡
ֵŴĴ˵ˡ
ɵһȿڶһ˵̰ɣһŻ۱̵Ŀ䳤ϡ
ֻһ仰𶯡
ڳͨ˵Ƕֱ۾
ֻҪˣûвʶ۵ģʵǺߵ̫ˡ
ߣ
ɣ̫ˡ

ŴһЩŭ
Ҳ޿κΣ˭лվء
Բмɨһ̶ۣЦһǿΪǴù̵Ŀ䳤ϣһս
䣡ԣһֱ̤УĿӵɨڳˡ
ڳȵؿ߿еĻۡ
Ǿǻۣ
˵ǿǿߡ
ǻĹһǿߣΪļҲܴ󡣡
ĻһͷĹû׼ҲܹﵽǸΡ
ҾˣҪ̡
ҲҪ̣˵лõ۵ָ㡣
ò۵ָ㣬Ժ˵ԼͬһɣҲ㹻Ժˡ

㳡ϣһ۷׷ס
ǻȻܵͣȴرŸ߷ǾŴʱһɫѿ
ֻЦݣԵúܿġ
ʦ֣Ÿ߷תͷ°
°Ÿ߷˼˵ͷ̧ͷеĻۣ漴һϡ
°
߿Уۿ°ʱһЦҼǵ㣬ʵϧҲܴ󣬲ҵĶ֡
ҳҲĶ֣㻹ŵҲӦս°
۾һУЦõǣξȫ֣Сĵ㣬Ҹϵˡ
䣡
սʱ
·ҶüͷֲĶ֣ΪʲôϣЩɻؿŸ߷塣
Ÿ߷ЦϲаսˣҲЩ޽ŵʵ뻹һ˼޽šĻȺֱӰˡ
ãҪˣȻҶ۾һɣա
ʱ°Ѿˡ
Ŷã
ҶЩ𺳣ʵ̫ǿˣܺʩչžŹһ֮Ტˡ
أ
Ҷ֮ʱ°Ѿ۴ѪأŸ߷˻ιһʥ
̫ǿˣ°ʥƻָ࣬۾һɬЦݡ
ȥ԰ɣҶ̧ͷеĻۡ
Ÿ߷һæҡͷҶֲˣʦѾսˣûҪ֡
°Ҳ˵ȻǿһЩҲޣĶ֡
ǿδأҶһЦ漴Ÿ߷°ֹ̤˸߿
⡭°һ㶡
Ÿ߷Ҷһۣ°˵СλҶ֣дʱûȫ֣Ҳԣܹõ̫ϳϵϿɣʵӦòֻǿһ㡣
ĿԴɣ°г˺棬ԵҶ졣
ͬʱ㳡ϣ޳СҲ㶵ؿеҶ졣
ҶҶ죡޳ɴ۾
ʦ𣿡ԱߵСš
ԴҲ뵽Ҷ硣
ΪҶ׵ˣ֪Լϴǰ֮ˣϤҶ졣
һ㶡
Ҷ쾹Ȼ磿
ھȻҪսۣ
Сͽ޳ֻоԲˡ
˭
߿УۿŶҶ죬üͷ΢΢һ壺һ۷壬ƾҲһս
·ҲҶΪʱŸ߷̵Ÿ߷壬޽ǲûˣȻһ۷ȥսۣǿЦ
ߣ
Ÿ߷ûΪҶѾˡ
䣡
߿С
Ҷܵ۶ԼСʩչžŹһ֮һǿϢ緢ʩչһȭͳŶĻۺȥ
ʲô
ԸܵҶϢЩֲжʱһɣһš
¡¡
ִ֮䣬۾ȭ࿹ȴҶɳȥ
·˵ɴ۾һ֮ɫ
˿űҶһȭɵĻۣȫš
Ÿ߷°ҲǱˡ


2102 ǿ
㳡һƬž˭Ҳû뵽ҶὫ۸һȭɣǿǻ۰Ȼһ۷һȭɣ»Щ⣬Ҳܰ
ҿһﵽ˭
޽ʲôʱһ̬
Ÿ߷壬˵һﵽ˭޽صĹ

ŴĴ׷𾪣Ÿ߷忴ȥ
Ÿ߷°һۣ˾ЦҲû뵽Ҷôǿ
ҵд裬ȡ谡뵽ԼҶд裬°һ졣
Ÿ߷̾ѹִ˻õ̫ϳϵϿɣʵһ۷塣
쿴۷ˣ°̧ͷЩ𾪵˵
߿У۷ԼȻԷһȭɳȥûˣҲ棬ʱһŭسҶ졣
СӣҳСˣҪԽң㻹Զŭ֮еĻ۷ǳĿ£ǿսնˡ
ΪǣѧԺԽԽϣ֮мս
㳡˶ȫעعսϢȥԽԽǿ˵عս
֮УŭĻóһ˽ɫսìϵĽɫսףһսɽӣ˫
ɱ
ɱҶ죬Ŀ䣬ɱ졣֮䣬ɫսìһ貵⣬˺˲գƬضС
ͬǰ벽ǿ߾磬ʵȻ°ǿˣҶʹ˾žŹһ֮֮սѾԽ벽ǿһˣڵĻҲֻ൱ռϷ硣
䣡
۵ĽɫսìݺݵغҶϣ֮ϣϱֲ֮ϯƥϢھײؿõΧһƬƬΪޣ綼һӿ

Ҷսеϣ֮Բġ߶˼£貵ĵ磬ҵĵâ˺ĺڰŻֱȥ
ҶԸʼˡ
ռǳǿǺƴƥĵϯöĻ۶ɫһ䣬Щ𾪡
Ȼ˿ֲĵ⣬㵽˭ۿҶ죬ɫ࣬ǵһοôǿߣһҵֵĸо
ߵУ޵е˿⣬Ҳŵ
Ҷ죬۵һθоˡѹ֡
˭Ҷ¶һĨصЦݿۣ㻹ǹ˶°ǵһ𴳵ħ۵Ĺҵ֡Ҷ죡
Ҷ죿ħĹһڵ괳ħĹǵúֻҶ쿴˰죬ûϳҶ졣
Ҳѹ֣ҶݣͻҲֻйһ֮Եټʱ۸߸ϣûҶִ½ɫȻҲͲǵҶˡ
ԭ㵱ҲУ۶Ҷ죬¶һĨ֮ɫû뵽Щ˵лһǿߣϧʱôûб¶ʵҲڵڶûһ֡
ǺǣһսҲ١ҶӶϣ֮ɱǲ¶ʵǵʵͻ۲̫󣬱¶ҲǱŰֱڣ˿һսʵˡ

ҵĵֲռҶ콫ս߶˼ޣеϣ֮ע֮±貵⡣
䣡
ֳֽɫսìɱϵҶϣ֮ײһֲıը಻ϯ˷
ѵǳɳɫһ䣬Ҷеϣ֮Щȣһͱеսìˣֵܼڡ
ҲǰɣҶЦͷֻеսìǳɳˣ⣬Ͼ۵ĳ̫ˣΪĹ֮ӣһɳǺġ
˼û뵽ҲһɳȻʸҵĶ֡ʶһʵ۳һȣʼ¶Լı壬һͷͳӴĻĹʱڻ֮У̫ͼһ㣬ưޱߡ
ôһͷ
Ǵ˵еĻĹųǿ塣
һް

·ս˶
սìֱ¶壬Ϊһޣǿ
ͣ
۾޴צӣץҶѹ
ҶܵϢѹϣ֮ҪֵȴһǰδеĿֲܿͻϣ֮˶ޱߵĻ֮С


2103 ȭӡ
¡¡
Ҷ챻ǿȥڻ֮жͣطˣ赲ʯǱײķ飬ֱѧԺĻɽ档
ѧԺĻɽʱһ˿˿ĤһȥȻҶ˲䷴߿ա
ɽǾŴֲõģԵֵǿ߼ĹԻۺҶϿսս޷вսȺ
ǿҶ챻һצôݣս˶һ󾪺
Ȼǻ۸
ųһ޵Ȼǿ󣬲ҶܹεĻ۴ƽѾ԰ˡ

۷׷ס
˻ǿû۵ġ
ɵЦ̵˵ǿߣܻܵġ
ιιιǲҪˣҶڵΪֻ۷徳磬ǰ벽ǿߣȵҶ벽ǿʱ˭ʤ˭һءԶŸ߷忴С˵־ӷǳˬ
ԣһǲҶΪˡ
Ҳɫһ䡣
ǰҶڲ۷壬ͻһڰ벽ǿ߾磬ô˭ʤ˭Ͳһˡ
һ˲䣬Ҷбɲ
һﵽǺηʥôô
а롣

ͬʱҶٶȳ߿գۼս
ӴĻռƣҶû뵽¶֮Ȼǿһֲĳ̶ȣԲġȲϡ
ȻǵһްѪ̫ǿˡǰӴĻۣҶ춼ЩĽˣ츳ʵ̫ˡ
ĹҪֻ̿ҪǿߣŬһ㣬ΪҲǼʺܴġ
ˣĹʵͬҲǿģܹ
Ҷߵǿ֮Ҳ޷ͻһս
Ȼֻ۷壬ռĿұսͿȰ벽ǿߡټʩչ˾žŹһ֮ʵһΣѾԶԶ벽ǿˣȻϻۣ
Ҷķǳ𺳡
ǲ
һ޴β˦˹Ҷٵ⣬ȴֻһ졣
ĸ첲ˡ
ߣ
Ҷƺߣ˶βҷɳȥ
ݣɵ;УҶջϣ֪֮޷ںͻ۱ƴˣԼȫǶ֡
Ҷ죬ҵı֮£ҲˡۺЦҶһֻ޴צ̽
˵̫ˣ
Ҷ͵̧ͷڵ˫貵⣬Ѹӡһɳҽɫâ汬
ߣ㻹ʲôʹţ޴צ
¡¡
ʱҶɫâʢֲϯ
ҶӡΧĻ綼ڶһսϢݿ
ô£۸ܵһ˿
ͬһʱ䣬Ҷⱬ䣬ԼɵӡŻצȥ
ӡ
ҶһΧĻնǰ鿪µȭӡųҵĽâݺݵײڻ۵צ档
ҿɲ㣡۾޴֮棬壬ȫֻ޴צҪһɱҶ졣
䣡
Ҷȭӡͻ۵צ͵ײһشըƥϯȥײѧԺɽ
¡¡
ըϵ
Ƭشâ̫۶Ŀˣս˸еľ
ŹâɢȥһϤӰݺݵѧԺĻɽ档
Ҷ죡
ȻҶˣ
޵У

˿ӰҶ죬ʱ۷׷ס
Ÿ߷°ɫЩѿ
°Ȼɫһ䣬𾪵ԣҶû䣬ǿ쿴
̧ͷȥȴǱըѾ¶һ˺۵ĻڴϢţǾǣһֻҶľ޴צȻˡ
ٿҶ죬Ѿطϸ߿գһǿϢ˿
һأһ˭ʤ˭һĿȻ
찡۾Ȼһ
ˣֱǰδ
Ȼ߲ûˡ

ѧԺһƬȻս𾪷ڡ
߿УŷҶ죬۵ɫѿнʲô
鸴ӣôˣͬ޵֣һһսʸ˶ûУܹƣ
ȻǰҶӣһʧܵζ
ӡ
Ҷ쿴۵˵ʵзǳˣӡǳ⣬Ȼشۡ
ΪҪһܻܻۣڿСӡ㹻ˡ


2104 
ӡ
ԣҶһۣ漴˺ѻգһ⣬С
Ҷ죬һѪ׾֮һս㡣Ȼ뿪ˣɲ֮С
Ҷһ㶣㵣û뵽ߵôɴࡣ
Ҫ֪Ȼáӡش˻ۣǻһЩ˱ָܹҶ첻Ż۲ûʥּı
ҪȥĻҶǶһ棬ȻҪܻۣûѲٹ
Ҷܿ˻۵˼
ȻҶòӡشһΣܹشۣ֪ԼӮˣԲսȥĻȵҪ䣬ĸѿϾôڹս۲ϣԼʵһ汻˿
ֱ䣬˵ĸоֻҶ˴˲ಢ󣬻ܱһԼӡ
ԣѪ츳ǿҲܳΪۡǿߡ
µ۵˼֮Ҷҡҡͷǳм
Ȼ۵츳ǿҶ쿴壬°վǲˡ
ȻҲǺģϾ۵츳̫ǿˣҪôܹڵʵȾܹΪǿߣʲôȥŬ
Ҷ졢һӷ˿ʼǿߣǾ̫ʧܺͲпĻѾĥµļʯ絶档
ΪҵĶ֣
Ҷ첻ٿǻֱۣӽ
ѧԺĸ߲æ򿪻ɽҶ
㳡ϣ˿ҶĿⶼˣһϣ𾪣һ˫˫۾棬Ҳ𺳡
ǰһĿĸоֵҶˣȻ۸ӵҫ۶Ŀ
ϾҶ̤ڻġ
һսҶֵ磡°ǻٵӰ˵
һԵŸ߷ԻعЦ磿ǺǣҿҲ赲Զ
ЦգŸ߷תͷԶɣɣǵĿ䳤أ
˻һɶʱһ졣
Χ˵Ŀ⣬Ҳ
ߣ޽һҲûתʹ뿪ˡ
ûʲôĵģϾ۶ˣķڷ
ϲˣ޽ֳһ֮ˡ
˳ţ޽Żⶼĳ
޽Ųϵ֮һ

Ŵ˶أŸ߷ʱЦݣҶɸ޽ųˣԺ˭֪޽һȻۻҪš֪һϢȥǰ޽ŰʦѧյžͶ಻ʤˣϾ˭ҪΪڶҶ졣
Ҷǲ޽ģŸ߷岻⣬˵Ҷ첻˵˭֪أ
һԵ°С˵־ӣɵƲƲ졣
Ҷ֣
Ҷ֣

ȵҶȫΪģĿĽ㣬ŴѧԺĸ߲㣬׷ύ
Ҷ첻ô߰Щ˽ύЦӭˣҲԴԵƽ׽ˣڳ˶кøС
󣬱ѧԺһʼѡŴˣʣҶ޽Ϊʣǰʦյࡣ
޳СȻҲǰ޽ţҶԴ˺ܸˣ޽Եڣ޳СԺǰ;϶ܺãٱڻĽǿˡ
ʦ𣡡
Ҷ죡
ֱҶ򷢵Щǰύ˺󣬲лͽ޳С̸˶ԵúܿģϾû뵽Ҷ졣
û뵽Ҳ磬ھĲҶ쿴ǰˣʱ¶Цݡ
޳ɻͨģûм죬ô磿
еʡ
һԣСҲɻؿҶ졣
ҶЦɽơǺǣ˵
ͳ˵޳ߵ
Ҷһ£ЦðɣǴӻĽǰģǻĽͨĵͨȻִǰ˹ħ磬ȥ˹磬硣
޳Сһû뵽ҶľôḻȻҶȷǳ˵ˣȴǳеΣգһʱҶ϶޷ŵΣ
ûˣǿ˱ǰǿҶ죬˿Ҷ컹һǿκΣκβ
ʦ𣬽ʲô㣿Сʵ
ҶļЦȻǻػĽˣҵʵڻĽԱˣǶˣ޽ɡ޽ŵŸ߷壬еһ°ҵѣԺʲô鷳ֱǾˡ
޳С˵ͷ֪ԼʵĿǰܵͣ޽õѡ


2105 ػĽ
޳С˳ذ޽ţǵΪֻܳΪ޽ŵŵӡҶϣŸ߷ֱ˳Ϊ޽ŵŵӡ
޳СִŸ߷õ޽ŵһЩѧǶ˻ҪѧԺ죬ֻбҵ֮ǲܻ޽š
ȻΪ޽ŵŵӣеĸǻǻܵõġ
֮Ÿ߷°ɽڣҶǶǷǳĵġ
⣬Ҷ컹˽޳СһڻԭʯԼһʮλ֮һ׻ЩԴԺٶȾͿˡ
ȻҲҶϴεõ춼λȻҲûôҡ
ٽ޳СڿǼڻԭʯ󣬶ˣ˵׻ͻ֮ˡ
ͬʱҲǶҶʵһε˽⡣
ʦԭôˣҲҪˡС뵽
һԽԽ̬ˣҵüӿٶȣȻԺͻΪˡ޳бһڳʼʱǿҶĽŲڴ֮ʱҲһ
ԴӽĽҶĽٶ̫ˣҶ춼Ϊǿˣ磬ܲġ
ڣ޽õҶӴԴ޳Сжһɾ׼ƴʵ
Ҷ쿴еƴǳ⣬Ҳϣܹиһսˡѡ
źý޳С֮ҶŸ߷塢°˹һѧԺȻͨͨص˻Ľ硣
ҶȥĽˣ´֪ʲôʱˡ
ѧԺŸ߷ĿҶʧ֮ͨУɵöԱߵ°Ц
°һǻǸϽȥչɣ´Ҷ֣϶ǿˣʵ̫Ҷ˼ύˡ
ٺ٣˵ĵҲǣλȥҪúñչһΣȡ벽ǿ߾硣ʦ㣬øϿ̤ǿ߲ΰŸ߷Ц
Զˣˣ°гš
뿪ѧԺ
ʱ޳СͨѧԺ̻Ṻ׼ֱǧŰپʮȻѰ̤߾硣
Ҷ͸ǵļڻԭʯҪ㹻ˡ
ڻĽ磬Ȼϡ٣磬ȴǳࡣ
Ͼǿߺͽ̫ˣż磬ܹ
ԣֻҪ㹻ĻԭʯԵõ
˵ֱ˷ʱ䣬ֱʣµ
󣬱˶̤߾硣

Ľ磬졣
Ҷ촩ͨص˻Ľ硣
ϤϢǻĽ硣Ҷһ۾оϤĿռ䲨֪ԼڻصĽˡ
ҶӴͬˮһ̽ȥ鿴žһС
Ҷһξ죬Դ˵صҲǳϤ
ţû뵽컹һλ벽ǿߣȻҶ¶һĨ֮ɫ
ھ죬̽˲ߣ̽鵽һλ벽ǿߡ
˸ҷҾ죡
ͻȻһŭ
һ̣ҶܵʮǿϢٿ˵أ߼лмϤϢ
Ҷ΢΢һЦû뿪ǵЩĸ١
ߵٶȺܿ죬һҶΧ֮оͳ˼ʮӰߣҶУһԴɫء
Ҳ˽ţϾǾĺģȻ˺ϢǱôܲ𾪣
ǺˣΪʲôҾ죿һߴӺݺݵҶȵǾλ벽ǿߣһǿϢΧǿˡ
Ҷ쿴΢΢Цǡ
ûҶ˵꣬һϤӰԶӽһҶ죬ʱҶ죬ô㣿
ΧԣĿͶ˴ˡ
ҶҲ˴ˣЦԯǰþò
ԯգղԪõѣͬʱҲҶϤľǿߣԯջء
ԯգʶˣİ벽ǿתͷԯա
ԯûмںҶкæǰ˵ʹߴˣ˽Ҷ죬ǵԺĵһţͬʱҲѡ
Ҷ죿ռԵǸԺһţλʹԣɵһ㵵ؿҶ죬ȻֿԯգʵûϴɣΪѾ۷徳磬ȷǵǸԺһţ
ʲô۷徳磡ԯһ漴Ҷ죬ʱԼ͸ҶΪ磬жʱȻ
ǸҶ죿
۷壬찡İɡ
˵ҶѾһܼˣô̤߾磬Ϊ۷ǿ𣿡

Χľ߶¶֮ɫϢʵ̫ˡ


2106 ټ
ԯڣҶȷˣһھ𾪡
ŹȥðҶȻΪ۷ǿߡ
ҿҶܻ۵ϢûдĽȻǿ»ᱻˡ
Ҷ죬ôʹ߿ҶʵȻȷҶݣǷǳ档
ǰҶ죬ôȥ磿ԯҲʵ
ҶֻýԼǴǰģó޽ŵĿ䳤ƣŴ˾һ˵ĵ⡣
޽ŵĿ䳤ƣû뵽ȻΪ޽ŵĿ䳤ϡʹϸ˿Ҷʾƣʱޱ𾪣޽ŵĿ䳤ϵĵλɱҪߡ
˵ףǾҲֻǾŴҶֱӾǾŴ޽ŵĿ䳤ϣȨλɱʹߴˡ
ηԯտҶһп֮ɫ뵱ҶǾ죬û뵽һתۣҶ첻ΪԽǳΪ޽ŵĿ䳤ϡ
λҸո½磬Ҫ죬´пҶĳݷλˣҶ˸ǡ
ʹ飬ǳЦ˵Ҷ޽ŵĿ䳤ϣ˵ҲǾˣ㾡ܰﵱļңʲôʱС
ǰҪҶ졣
ڳҲ⣬ϾҶǱ̫ǿˣ޽ſ䳤ϵݡ
ʹ߿ˣ
ҶЦЦ漴ԯյ˵ͷ뿪ˡ
ʹ߿ͻȻʧҶ죬һ漴˼ͨҾȻ֪뿪ģӵʵɲⰡ
ǰˣû뵽һԺСһȻɳ߶ȣŰԯոпѡ

λһˣ
뿪֮Ҷһ߸棬һ߷ϢԼյѣдԺһЩǰǡ
ԺղԪãϾƹ޵죬ŷ޻ǣҲһѶÿ˶ϲ֮ɫ
棬ѾԯõҶعϢԵҶִʱѾӭˡ
ҶϵܣþòˬʵЦ
Ҷ۾һУЩ𾪣üһȻﵽ˰벽ǿ߾磬ΪȻһΣʵһ
۷徳磡ҲҶΪ磬ʱЦҶϵȻûʧٶȻĿ찡
ҶԿЦٿҲȲ㰡˵һﵽ׳ʲôҩǰΪңȥһ磬ΪȻôࡣ
ǺǣãһѾ֤ˡΪ紳ʱõһЩԵԲ죬ҶϵܵĻԵҲСЦ˵
ҶԲ÷ܹõԵһԵõ
ο廹һʦ
ף
Ҷ죡

˽̸ʱҶʥŷ۾Ҳ˹Ȼ֪ͨǡ
ҶһɨȥǶΪҶڣ۷徳硣
Ҷ쾪ȵĻСͽФһȻؽ׵߾磬ȻֻһߣҲСˡ
Ͼȥһܼͣŷ۾ǽҶ֮УϾǰԴټĻع飬϶˲Դ
Фܹ߾磬̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ΪĽĻߵļʺС򵱳ҶҲðǰˡ壬Ҳߵġ
ФȻڻĽ߾磬ʵҶ쾪Ȳѡ
Сͽһ츳Ǹ߰ҽõһЩ鼮͸֮ͽһǧǰǽ߾磬ҶһƺҶɻЦ˵
ҶȻԭһЩ鼮ѹֻФô졣
Ф츳ҶѾܹˡ
ͽܣΪǵĺðˡҶ漴Ц
һ㶣ЩֵؿһҶ죬ȻФΪߣǶҶ˵Ҳ㲻ʲô֡
ǺǣԺ֪ˣҶ쿴ɻ󣬵ЦЦûн͡
һȻҴգǺãҾĿԴСԺﵽʲô̶ȡȻһЦ
ٺ٣ʱԻһҶЦ׼ФΪʦߵָ㣬ټФ츳ԺФĳɾͿ϶ﵽһµĸ߶ȡ
壡ҶʥѾϹˡ
״ЦЦҶ˵İɣ漴ת뿪
ҶҶʥһ


2107 ؽԺ
ŷ۾ҶʥЩһʱ䣬ҶָһǵΪһԴǰס
֪ҶҪѾСǰ׼˺þƺòдҶ죬һߺȾƣһ졣
忴ŶҶ죬Ц˵һ˵ջܴ󣬶ŷ۾һǧڻԭʯˣ۶ȵһǿˡ
㲻ҲǣҶһۣѾŷ۾֪һǧڻԭʯԼÿһ׻иָĹѧ
ۣ϶Ҳǿ١
Ҫ֪ҶܹڵۣΪõһλ
أѲҲõһλ
ʱЦŽ͵߽ʱ̫Զˣ֮һЩʧȥĽǿߣżżԵõ˲ٺö
ҲãһλΪʦȻҲܴЩżҶҡͷЩżҲЩżĵصֻһЩĴ֪ϾֻнܰȻڻΣŻᷢЩż
ǴصľӢӣǲлᴳЩżģһλʦ𣬲ĴԵ
أЩ궼ȥˣЦЦ漴Щʵ
ҶҲûЦ˵ǴӻĽ磬Ȼ紳һսȥ˹ħ硣
ħ磡ԳԾȻȥ˹ħ磬𣿡ǼǵҶ컹С
ҶٺЦ㻹ǵõ¿ɣҷΪȻŸǱħ硣ϧã˸ջǱиˣٹĺʱҡ
ߵҲǺöǸôᰲȻط㣿
ұڹǣлӳȥȻ硣ҶЦ
ôӳȥģûʣҶҲû˵
Щ򵥵˵һ¾ˣǱ˴˶ʣϾЩǵ˽
һƱҶЦǶǿˣڷ絲ˣǱ㹲ͬŬȡսǿ߾硣
Ǻǣǿ߿ɲҵĿ꣬һҪΪءҶЦһ
һ㶣漴йâʢǵĿ꣡˵գҲһ
ƹѲҶ˵滹ҪչˣһһЩҪ졣
ʲô飿˵ҪҪҰæһʵ
ҶҡҡͷæҵΣҪؽԺ
ؽԺһ̲ס˵֪һôˣҪԵĵˡ
ҽȺһ𣡡Ҷ첻ں˵ŨҵţԼǰδеɫʣһСʱǴԺңҳɳĻᡣһֱܵԺĶ̫ˣʵȻûرԺˣҶɲϲǷ飬֪ġ
ðɣ飬֪˭ҲȰ㡣㻹ҪСһЩúǴԺĸ߲ϾؽԺһС顣ѵ
Ҷ˵ͷѾϵǡ
ţףһ˳棬㲻õģڣû˸һŵ˵
Ǻǣ仰㹻ˡҶЦЦģΪó岻һİ벽ǿߣһİ벽ǿҪǿöࡣ
ҵĻԵҲĻԵ
Ҷ찵뵽漴壬뿪档
գҶ콵һƬ
ڴ˵أղԪá޵Ͼƹŷ޻ڡ졢ȴԺѾۼƺڵȴ˭ֱҶ콵ٴ˵ء
Ҷ죡
Ҷ֣
ҶСӣ

Ҷ֣ǶЦӭȥ
ղԪöҶ죬ͫһ漴ϲСӣȻûʧȻ׵۷徳硣
ʲô
۷徳磡
ղŻһЦݵˣʱ𾪵ؿҶ졣
ҶЦЩԵˣ
ŷ޻ڿЦԵǴ󣡡
Ҳ߾ˡҶЦ˵ŷ޻ڳΪ˳ߡ
ڶͶֵܣм޵۷徳磬ֻϾƹҲ˳ߡ
ȥ磬һԵɱ㣬ǲ̫Զˡŷ޻ҡͷ̾ϢΪԼ߾磬ٿҶľ룬û뵽ҶĲ෴ԽԽˡ
͸˵ˣһȣҪŰһԵĶЦ
ұǿŷ޻ڵ۵
ʱ˵ˡ
ϾƹһЦ漴Ҷ죬ʵҶСӣǶʲô𣿡
ԶҶ졣
ҶҪؽԺ


2108 
ҶĻڳһѻȸš
ؽԺ
ôԶıôߵ룬ôĶ顣
ͬʱҲһľ޴ѹ
ϾƹһɫؿҶ죬ɲܿЦ
ղԪҲˣɫصҲʱ޿̲ؽԺҲһԺؽҪҽȺˣаյס𣿡
޵Ҳ˵ܹúõ棬ǿĽִߺԺҽ󷽵ңѪҽǿ߲뿪ҽ磬Ȼǿͱҳɱˡ
Ҷ֣侲һЩؽԺ˵룬Ҫӳ飬֮ܲ츳ãѾ۷壬ǿʱؽԺҲС
ŷ޻Ҳͷ
Ҷ쿴ˣȻǶǲͬؽԺġ
΢΢һ̾Ҷ˻֣ڰ۳һƬӰ뿪ᣬǿ߿սĳ
ڳ˶ʱһȻЩûκûκǹ⿴ҶͿսʱɵƻͿǵʵжô¡
Ҷ죬Ǽһ˭ôȻߣŻеĿ̲סʵ
Ժѿʲô
Ϊ߲εղԪáϾƹŷ޻ڣȴɫ䡣
ڶûŷ޻Щ㶵˵г˲š
ԱߵϾƹһǿߣ
ǿߣղԪһ𾪵ؿҶ죬һȻǿߴӣȻ·磬ܣ֤Ҷʵжô¡
ˢ
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Ŵͣ漴عԼؿ˵侲һ£ղ˵ʲôʹǿ㶼ԱЩŵصɴ۾
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󰡡Ĳ󰡣Ͼƹ˵֮ϳο֮ɫ
ղԪø˷ܵãʵؽԺϾҽĽǿ߶ĽִߺԺǣƣʣµҽǿߣû˿в
ԺҪϽתԺؽԺʱ򣬵ϲСϾƹ˵
ղԪõ˵ͷ˵ȻҪԺϾǴԺĸ߲㣬ҪԺϵοĳҲУôؽԺ
ԺھϵԺԣҶ˵
ղԪõ˵ͷȻ½磬ʼϵԺԺ
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֮ղԪ۾ˣü漴Ҷ̾Ժ˵ˣؽԺͻĽִжǣ޷Ժ߲㣬ϾֻһԺĵӣʵǿˣЩԺĸ߲Ҳδػᱻ۷ĳΪǿ߲
Ҷüͷһ壬һؽĴԺǾֻԺһǻʲôԺ
οĳҲûأפضûС
ȺһֵزȻڹĶǡϾƹɫһŭ䲻֮ɫǻǵԼеȨͶҶ춪ӡ
ҪģǻǲҶʵ޵侲Ҷ죬ΪҶϤԺԺ˿δšϾҶɳٶ̫ˣ˭ţ
ԺĻһȥϵһʦҲЩáŷ޻ڿ˵
ղԪõͷҲϵһԺĺѣͷ۵ǣǴĳǱԺƹܵġûдĳǣؽԺ
ԺˣΪδĳǻᱻԺƹܣɻ
ҶҲղԪá
ղԪÿЦѵ֪ԺͳԺʵϣ𿴻õԺǴԺֵףԺʵڻõԺ֮ϡΪˣԺ˶԰ƾԺ޷ǳġ
ҶüҿûǳңؽԺ֮ԺȻԺǸԺ
ҶСӣʹˣϾƹҡͷһؽ˴ԺôԺλþͱģӦõģҲǴþõġ
ղԪõͷ˵Ͼƹ˵ĲԺ㣬ҵʱ䣬ֻʵǿ˲ԺǴԺĵӰġ
ҶԿЦȻؽԺȴûҪԺ


2109 õԺ
ɣǷͷж
ղԪҶ죬˵ȥϵԺˣܲܰѴĳҪϾƹŷ޻ϵԺˣȥټԺˡ
˽ǵ˵ͷ
Ҷ¶һĨЦأ費ҪҶֲõԺ
ԣȺͽ
ղԪóȺͽؼŽʱҪ¶ؽԺ֮ȥҲ١
ҶЦǣҪԳ֡
˵գҶ֣ԱߵնʱһŤһޱӳǰ
˶ɻؿӡ
ҶЦŽ͵շһ߿ܣʵǰ벽ǿߣõԺˡ
ôǿĿܣ
̫̬ˣ

һ󾪺
ղԪЦȻˣͶְɣҲͿõԺȺ˲ˬˡ
ǰǰڴԺȨˣϾԼˣͶҽ磬Ǿǵˣʦ棡Ͼƹŭ
ţǵҵĺϢɣҶ˵ͷ漴ȥ
ղԪҲһɢȥʼԼԵ
쿴нʣµĶЦʵ̫ͣûʲô顣
ǿδأҡҡͷЦԺ²ܴԺҪĳǣȻȥҪһ´ĳǵټʱҶֵʵֱȥĳǱõȻؽԺ
ݴĳǣ
һڵʵõ𣿡
ķһЩۣǿԵģ˵ϾؽԺҲóһ𣿡
ðɣСĵ㣡˵ͷͬʱ¶ģλȥһҪúñչȡ̤߾硣

Ľ磬õԺ
ԺʦӴܣʱ򣬻õԺȴĺܺãǽõԺȥҴ󿪷֮ţҽͻĽյӣԽԽߣӽħ;졣
ĻõԺռǳ󣬶ǽһȴĳǻҪӴĳǳأͬʱΧػǣԶԶȥǳΰ׳ۡ
ʦǻõԺԽԽ׳ˣΪǼлõԺЩʱˡ
õԺڣޱԼʦƹš
Ƶ˵ͷЦõԺֵȷʺˣ˻ΪǻڴԺ
ޱԸ˵ʦͬͺãӦøΪʲô֣
šƳƬ̣۾Ȼһ̶˵ǻõԺԻΪ𣬾ͽСɡ
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ڹǴ󣡡ޱ̧ͷš
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ʦ𣡡ޱ߿Լʦ
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ãʵ̫ǿˣϿϵռԮ˵գϸ߿ա
ͬʱõԺڣҲɳһλλߣƣˡ
õԺڣߡҪһӣޱذ֮У·ĻõԺ
ƴԼʦֵܷӵĻʱŭЦõӣȻҪǻõԺ㵽˭ĸ
ɱӸûзϻֱӶ֣ǰ벽ǿߵϢƵƵɫ䡣
̫ˣ
ߣʵǿƣҲֻǸߵߣʣµĶǳߺеߣͰ벽ǿ̫߱Զˡ
ͣ
һ֮£ߵ֮߱⣬˶
۷壿ǰ벽ǿߣƻѪǱصɴ۾𾪵ؿŲԶӡ
벽ǿ߰Ľ硢ҽмǻõԺʲôʱǿߣ
ޱؼɱơ
ƾֵشе㲻ɱңҽǿ߲Źġ
ֻһ߿ܣֻĵȥԼ֣ɲ˷ʱƴ򽻵


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ǵ֮ȻĻõԺȥ
˿̣ںռϵޱߣѾеսˡ
ˡ
ޱ߱ǿʵŴˡ
εѣ׷ʲôˣͨѶǱߴռ߲Ļ
ˣǻõԺ߶ˣʦҲˣǻõԺˡޱһЦ֪ǻõԺˣ˵ռԮüûĻõԺǻõԺ
䣡
˫أǿõԺ
ͬʱǹǿϯȥлõԺʦеս
㵽˭ΪҪһõԺޱ߳ŭҲҪס
ͽ˵ʼɱ¾ԺЩ֮ȴǷŹˡ
Ҷ첢ɱ޹֮ˣЩ֮ȻЩǻõԺӣĽߣܽЩ˸Ͼɱ
ʵֻҪõԺߺһõԺʵˡ
ͽޱ۾һɣĽ磬ҽǻõԺͽģֻһǾѾɢĴԺ
Ժ߲ҪǻõԺ
ޱһ漴ҡͷŭܣԺûа벽ǿߣҲֻԺ㲻Ժ
ɱ
Ӳٷϻɱޱߡ
ޱ߽۷徳磬ûеֵĿܣͱֱɱˡ
ޱҲ֪Լ˭ĺܲġ

ҪɱңԸͶ
ǰ

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ЩǰģŭڱߣӲһ֡
Щ֮ĵǣѾɢˡ
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ΪʱҶڻõԺϿգ۲淢һС
һжˣ
ȵɱһ֮Ҷ콫ջؽʼ棬Ȼ뿪ˡ
úռһλ۷ǿ߸ֻһƬ棬ûмκһõԺĵӣҪôˣҪôˡ
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Ϣȥҽ𾪣Ľڡ

档
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磬õԺЩ˶˵ûʲô𣬸
ⷬȴǽǸŭˡЦЦ漴֣򿪻磬ųһ档
ҶĿȥֻУһռڹԡ
õԺռѺҽĽ罻õŦȻ˲̵˻õԺռ壬Լҽܡڴؽ׷鵽ףһҪ֡
ͬʱҽҲڷԣҪץסֵ֣ġ
Ҷ쿴֮󣬲ЦЦһȺСˣҽǿ߹ǰһ
ڵʵǳҵ󣡡忴Ҷ죬¶ɫѾ˵˻ۣ治󰡣ǸһҲͬ𿰳޵УҲĶ֡
ߵǿ֮Ҷ̾
ʲôһ漴Ȼ̾ϢԭˣѹôǿֻôһҪνǿߣ
ҵ·㲻صģҶҡҡͷҲûйؽ͡

֮ҶȥҵԼͽФ
Фڲ󷨣ԴϴεõҶԴߵ֪ʶ֮ڷʳزЩ󷨡
ֱҶѣФˡ
ʦ𣡡ФЩԻؿԼʦ֪ԼʦԼʲô顣
󷨲ôҶЦʵ
ФԿЦλ̫ˣһĳɾҲֻŪǧ֮һ
ǧ֮һѾܲˣϾԼûָ㡣Ҷе⡣
ˣʦλߵǺηʥФ̲סʵΪЩ֪ʶУܵߵΰ
ҽһλǿߡҶ쵱Фｲߵ¼
Ф֮ź˵û뵽ȻѾˡ
ǺǣȻˣǻѾںһ׼ȥ磬ʱȥָ֪ʶҶЦ˵
Фһ㶣̲ס˵ʦȥ磬Ҫô
ģҵõϢǻĽܿҲҪںˣͰȫߵٳҲ١Ҷ˵꣬ʹФ뿪档


2111 
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ͨǰҶ쿴ФҪСģʲôҲҪܣֱȥˡ
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쾵ͨϵߣʮλ֮ÿȼһζʵؼʱҶ콫쾵ʮλ֮ҲФɲԼͽΪ硣
ФѾΪߣл֮۷ǿҲߣǶԷҲл֮
磬ӵл֮Ҳ١
лֻ֮ҪФСĵ㣬Ӧÿƽ򡣸οָ㡣
ҶԼ磬ֻһûл֮ԼܳɹѵФﻹʧ
ڻ֮Ļ£ФﶼˣҲֻܹ˲á
ʦİɣѾСˡФܹóҶеĵǣзǳжȴЦ
СӣҶЦһ䣬ȻֱӽФ߽֮ͨС
Фʧ֮ͨУҶ찵̾һ漴תȥ
ڻ·ϣҶӵղԪõĴѶ
Ҷ죬Щ鷳ˣԺȺ̫ɶˣǾһѧԱȥؽԺֱǿЦҿЩûչ¶ʵ֮ǰǲͬļƻղԪ˵
Ҷüȥǣǿҵʵ
ûõģղԪҡҡͷЦǸὫٸǣҲܻġ
ԺǱô˵Ҷʵ
ղԪ˵ϾƹǱߴϢԺĸ˵ˣֻҪܹؽԺҵֵסҽǿߵĽͻϴ˼Ժ
⵹һϢҶЦ
ղԪóõԺѾˣõԺǿ齨ԺܹټԺҲͬˣͲһԺʹĳˡ
ţɣʵڲУǾؽһĳǣЩԴӦò⡣Ҷ˵
ղԪÿЦˣǴĳطһǻľһСĽ磬һǻ󷨣ûԺĵܶࡣ
ҶüͷҲǵˣҪõĳǡ
ˣҶ죬ҵܵҪˡͻȻ촫ϢԵ÷ǳ
Ҷһʱʧɫæѯԭ
æѶҵܵܲµԺύĳǣԱŲĳǵ䣬ܵɣȥԽԽˡ
ǵĵַϵҶæ˵ͬʱղԪҲк
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죬жĸ߲㶼ΧŶ鿴Σһҡͷ̾
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Ҷ쿴ŻָõĶ̲ס̫³çˣҪ㣬ҲøңԱ߻
ٺ٣ⲻû𣿡Цûһĳǵ䣬ΪǰһˣŲһʥ£ҾҺܿҪ߾ˡ
ҸϵüʱȻٹƬ̣군ˡҶһۡ
ٺ٣´㣬һ㡣æ˵Ȼ󽫴ĳǵټҶ졣
Ҷ˵ͷ˵֪ˣھȥղԪøԺһȥԺҪشĳǡ
ҵĺϢסˣȺһҪǲһ١Ц
Ҷֱ뿪
Ҷʧĵطп֮ɫηη
ЦҵŲǰ֪ǰ;ԲûõԺ
ţǶܹϺԵʢοص˵ͷ

֮УҶõĳǵ֮󣬱ղԪûϣȻһĳǡ
Ҷ죬ԺȻЩţƢϾԲǺͻõԺһһ㡣ղԪ˵
ҶЦǺǵģ㿴ԺϣҲôû뵽ǾȻܵʱմ󺣣ȷΡ
Ǻǣʱմ󺣵Ļӣͺ̤룬Ȼѱ˷֡дĳػǲʱմ󺣵ĶӻղԪЦ
漴ʱմ󺣡


2112 å
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˵ۺͻսҶˣǰΪʵ޷ǰʵˣʱմ󺣵Ķӻ˵Ѿûκвˡ
ҶεȡشĳǣԺʱ̽ʱմ󺣣ʱմڻĽ磬Ҳܲ
ѰŶλãҶղԪʱմҵ˴ĳǣԺ˻ڵĵطӶӣߵ߶̤롣
ղԪҲҶı£ִܵĳǡ
ĳǵĻ󷨻ǿģҶǱ赲⡣
ԶԶϤĴĳǣҶתͷߵղԪ˵Ժϵǰɣ˵Ѿˡ
ٺ٣ǿ϶ᱻһġղԪЩЦ
ʵϣԺ˵ȷһôҲû뵽ҶղԪþȻܹããʱմҵĳǡ
Ҷ죿ղԪã
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ղԪһ߽ܵϼһ佭Ժʦܣһλ۷ǿߣҲԺ߾ˡ
Ҷ̧ͷ佭ǵôˣҽսʱҲɱĺͣһλսܵҽǿߵΧ
£Ҷ칰ֵǰҶ죬ǰݷԺλʦ
۷壡佭Ҷͫһ漴̾ղԪһ˵ĹȻûСӾȻĴﵽ۷徳磬ֻǽƾΪûؽԺȥúȡ̤ǿ߾磬ؽԺ㲻ˣʡǡ
Ҷüͷһ塣
һԵղԪŭˣ̲סȵ佭㲻ҪϣǴԺʵΪҶڵʵǴԺҲһλԺλ֮£㣬Զָֻš
ղԪãһеߣҲô˵佭Դŭ
ղԪߵؽԺǺεȴ£ǲҲͰˣٰѴĳǻǡ
ĳԺԺƹܵģƾʲôߡ佭ȵ
ԺͬҶؽԺˣղԪú
佭ߵҲţԺ
㡭ղԪñԺͻĽִҽ絷ңʱ͡
λǰǶˣҪˡҶЦ˵漴佭ǰҪؽԺдĳǡɣǰҿһ͵׻㽻ƾ׻ԺȻԵֵʱմ󺣵ĶӻﰲʲôʱҪعԺʱʱӭ
佭Բм׻
Ҷһϲ׳һ׻ɱ˶ᱦģ׻Ҳڶ⣬ѹգǳǿ
ñ佭õʱ۾⣬漴漴ֱ
Ҷ졣
ղԪá
佭ЦǺǵؿҶ죬˵Ҷ죬Ȱ㱣棬ϾҪؽԺ϶ҽģʱˣҲܹǿǴԺʵȻҪ˵ػٻ㡣
Ҷ춼ˣʲô˰ҪҪǴԺȻˣԺʦܣֱһå
ղԪŭˣ佭ŭƥ㻹ҪҪˡ
ղԪã㵱ΪϷ򲻸Ҷǳ𣿡佭һ漴ĳǵĻ󷨣ΧնʱҶǾ
Ȼûֻ֣ҪҶ뿪
ղԪñûתͷҶ˵ջظղŵĻԸһˣ趼ʶ
Ҷ찵ܹ̾ղԪøӣҲû˭ˡ
ȻҶԼҲû뵽ԺȻå
ղԪãΪСһԻң佭м֮ɫҳС츳ͳΪ۷ǿߣͬ۷壬δҵĶ֣οһдĳǵ벽ǿˣҲ޾塣
𣿡ղԪЦ佭˵ĵȷûĳǵĻ󷨵ȷҶܹǿֵ߽Ĵڡ
ʱҶҲˣ佭ǰĳǣ͸ˣˡ
Сӣ˶˵ͿûǸˡ佭ߵ
Ҷһ䣬ϻֱʩչžŹһ֮Ȼһ˲ϯȥĳǶڡ
䣡
һ˲䣬ҶϢһֲĳ̶ȡ
ѹƣϧԴĳûã佭ܵһ棬æ߶ĳǣԶȥ
һҶһԲġ漴һ̽ɫĴǧڹĳһץס
ڵϯ˻ģĳڵǶеļ¶


2113 
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ĳǾȻҶ޴ץסҲ޷ǰȫ߶󷨶С
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ĳܵʲôײ𣿡

ڣԺʦǷ׷𾪡
Ҷһ̤ղԪĳϿգŶ佭·һԺʦҶ쿪ԺֵǣǲõģҽҶ죬ӦöʶҡҪشĳǣؽĳǣǲκζ⡣
Ҷ죡
ȻҶ죡
ôôǿ󣿡
ҵ찡
һԺ˽𾪲ѡ
佭ɫ࣬ŭҶ죺Сӣû뵽ӵʵκβǡ
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ĳǵȻҲҪʲôֻ֣һ۷壬ܹӳ󷨶Ҷ켥
ղԪôʱ˵佭ĳǣ㲻Ҫֿˡʵ㣬Ҷڶɱ벽ǿߣ͹ǿ߶ֹһǿ߶κβȫؽԺ
ʲô
ĳڵһԺ߷׷׾
佭Ҳţǿ߶֣
Ҷ
ǴԺĵһţ
Źȥðܺǿ߽֣ҿҪ˶ãܹΪǿˡ
ǴԺڿؽˡ

ĳڵԺǷ׷׸ˡ
ĳǵĻҶղԪö¶ЦݣȻԺĵҲϣԺؽģϾ˭Ϊ޼ҿɹˡ
ãĳǸ㣡
佭ɫ࣬ЩԺ߻ȻҶˡ
ټ϶ҶʵĹ˼ɣ佭ڽ˴ĳǣԺ뿪ˡ
Ҷ죬ǵֵסҽǿߵĽԺŻ»عԺ佭
ޣСղԪЩŭ
ҶЦŰ˰֣дĳǾˣҲﲻʲôæ߰ɡ˵գĳǣղԪȥ

뿪ʱմ֮Ҷ콫õĳǵϢϾƹ޵ǣǸ͡
ղԪÿҶʵҪںεؽԺ
Ҷ漴˵һַ
޺ղԪԲ˼ȽϿ죬Ҫ;𣿡
Ҷ˵޽ŵĿ䳤ϣټǴԺ;ĹϵҲáȻҪǣϾҪͻĽںˣʱǲҪҽĵˣĵˣѡܹõغ;ֵֿˡ
Ȼһ㣬Ǿ޺Ҷ쵱ȻҪѴԺҲ档
ͻĽںϣҵԺ˵ˣû뵽ġղԪɫ漴˵ȻˣǾôɣ޺Ҳ࣬ͽ
ҶͷǴԺȷҪյͽˣǰҪֵҽûʱ䣬ҽ綼ͻĽںˣҲҪǵֵˡ
ûʱǳɳˣЩ黹ǿǣؽԺ֮㻹ǶŬֻΪǿߣǴԺȥ㲻ҪΪЩʱ䡣ղԪѵ
Ҷ˵ͷˡ
漴ҶգղԪǰ޺
˴ĳǣѾҪʲô׼ֱ޺ͶŴĳǣȻԺ½
ͬʱϾƹԺˣж壬޺ȥ

޺ǻ԰ɢ޵أҲǻĽĵط
һ죬һΰľ޳ǳ޺һ֮УӴϢ޺ϯȥ
е鶼ˡ
ڣҶ졢ղԪãϾƹǶˡ
޵ԺĵǽԺҶղԪáϾƹѲŻ󷨡
һѲ֮ղԪüϴһսû٣µסǿߡ
ǰĴĳǻ󷨣Լλ۷ǿߣλϴ߶ֵܹסǿߵĹ
ɴ˿ɼжôǿ
Դϴһս󷨾˲١
á
ҶɨһۣЩҵȻҵʵɱȵ߶󷨵ЩԺǰǿˣµǾ߿ǰ벽ǿߣʹû֮Աʱڵסǿ߲⡣οڣǣסһλǿߡ
ղԪԵͷлĽִߺԺҽ絷ңҽҲֳֻܷһλǿ߳ٶһλϾҽҲֻλǿߡ


2114 ҳ
ĳǻ󷨵ȻãΪ˱һ㣬Ҷ컹óԭʯղԪúϾƹȥ޲󷨵ĲϣȻȥһλʦ޲󷨡
ܹ޲һЩҲǿһ֡
ͬʱղԪõ˵֧£Ҷ챻ƾΪ´ԺԺڻй
ʱĽ绩ȻҽҲһƬ𶯡
Ҷ죬ĽĴԺһţٴνŪƣ綯
ʧһܼ͵ĴԺһŹˣҪؽԺ̤߲𣿡
̤߲ΣҲûʸؽԺɣϾԺĵ˿ҽȺۡ
ɣҪ˶ãµĴԺҪҽˡ
˵ҶռУ֪ռ֪£ʲô
ҷ·𿴵һҵս

Ľ۷׷ס
ǲҶģϾҶûչ¶ʵ
ǣˣȴѾõϢ֪ҶĿʵ
ΪˣҶ޽ſ䳤ϵķϣξҶ죬ǲʦԺ޸󷨡
ھʦİ£ĳǵĻ޺˴룬ҶǾ߿ܵ£ȼһλ֮ԵֵҶȫһ
Ҷƣǿߵ¶ʱҶԴݻ
ڻ֮ģҶģʮλ֮õꡣ
Ҷ죬¼磡
һ죬ҶȻյղԪôϢ
Ҷ漴¼磬ʱҽһЩϢ
ؽԺһȺѣҽ磬ѪħڵһλЦ
Ҷ죿ڳˣҿôӣռһλɱ
ԺȻѾɢˣǾûҪڡڵһλߵ˵ǻ֮е˼Զƽ֮дǿҵɱ⡣

ҽսǲԺ
ղԪáϾƹ˷׷ɫصظ˹
Ҷʱ˳磬ŵˣЦȻҪǾȳ֣ƾʲôһҪǣȻٻ֣
ղԪһ̲סȵȥҽ磿
ɲУϾƹæ˵Ρ
ҶҡͷģһûôɵҽѪڣҿɲȥǻĽҲǵˣˡ
ղԪõ飬ֻҪҶ첻ȥҽˡ
£ҶԼµĿڴĳ󷨣ԼǰĽ߽ҲǵԺԭַڵĵط

ҽ˷ǳţǻ˴ԺƵôԺɢ󣬾ڴԺԭĵطǳأΪҳǣҽֻĽĴӪ
ҶգִܿҳϿգ·ľ޴ǳأһ䣬Ӵ֪ʱ̽ȥ
ʮߣ۷壬һ벽ǿߣ
ҶǳһĨЦҽפʵǲ
ʲôˣһŭȴ·ҳдƴ󣬴ſֲ紴֮ա
Ҷ޼ɵطų̽ӣҳеǵȻҲӦˣʱ׷ŭŷɳҳǣҶΧˡ
ʮλߣһɢǿϢÿһ·̧֮֮ɢ鶼սĿֲϢ
Ҷ죿㣡һ¶֮ɫ
ҶתͷȥɫȻЦԭѰѪþò
˽Ѫռһλеߣһ𹥴棬αҶնɱˣѪȴռһλߵ߾ˡ
ʱٿѪҶпѣѪ޲ߣֻǱɱ϶ѡ
ѪȻô룬Ҷ죬ЦҶ죬·㲻ߣ㴳Ѱ·
Ҷ죿
ȻҴҳɣֱ
СӻؽԺֱЦˡ
һ߶ѣΪ߾磬Ϳ𣿡

Χҽǿ߷׷׳Ц
ΪҶΪǲûпҶʵΪֻΪҶһߡ
ʧһܼͣΪߣȻ츳Щҽǿ߿Ҳ˶ѡ
Ƿϻ˵𣿡
ҶĿ䣬ɨȺҽߣЦǴԺؽҪһѪǴԺսӢܣҾǾͺʡ

󵨣

ЩҽԶʱŭȵ
һλѪħڵĸߵ߸ֱӳ֣һץҶ죬𣬿µţҶڵնˡ
СӣϷǰҲǻòͷˡѪħڵĸߵɭЦ
ȻЦݺܿˡ

ҶһָҵĽɫ˺գƣۻλѪħڵĸߵ顣
һ̣貵ĽɫâҶϯȥеһ޵ս


2115 ҳǳ
ҶչԲġһ۷徳ΪҲûΣһ캧ˣԴڶȥϯ˷
䣡
Ҷһ̤Ѫħڸߵ߻û֮ǰͽɱһλߵԴ䡣
ǿƵɱһλߵߣԱߵҽǶˡ
Ѫǵɴ۾š
۷壡
һҽ۷ǿ˼ؽе
ڳ˶ʱһƬȻ
ȥһܼ͵ʱ䣬ҶȻͽ۷徳磬ֽٶǺȻ
ѹؽԺѪЩ㶵˵
Զһλҽ۷ǿɫһ䣬ȵλѣһϣɱСӣԲٳɳȥ
ã

λ۷ǿͬʱͷ
ʱΧԶֻλ۷ǿΧסҶ졣
Сӣ츳ȷĽϧ̫ûˣ㣬϶أȵǿߺðҲ١һ۷ǿ߿ҶɭЦ
Ҷ쵭ƳһֻۣǸš
ߣȥŰˣ۷ǿһŭʱֳ׻ɱǿ羪κˣһΧ˸ͣµͬɽ͵ر
䣡
Ҷϣ֮ûóôֿȭӭȥԲġǿȾͿ׻һҲ
˽ֲ֮纣һӿȣն֧顣
ɱ

λ۷ǿҲɱǿɲὲʲôҶ츳ôãкͼɵѾɱ
úã
Ҷ۾һУڵһӱ˽ɫת֮˸һǿϢϯȥ

Ҷ˫ӡһɫʱƾ죬Χɱλ۷С
ã

λ۷ǿ߶ʱŭӡ
ħӡҶЦٴθıӡ˫ͻȻþӨ͸𿪣̫ɽѹķԻһǿѹ
һλ۷ǿ߲ҽУʱ
λ۷ǿҲֲ˶ãҶӲɱ
Զսҽ־ŭ׷׳ֹҶ죬ϧѾˡ
Ƕ˺Ը
ͻȻһ
ЩϤ֮ǰҶ콵ʱҳڴ
ҶʱĿȥһ׷ͯյߴȺ߳ϢǳֲһµĻ綼ÿֲϢһһ
벽ǿߣ
Ҷ¶Ц֮ɫ
Զǿ˳֣ʱ¶򶨵Цݡ
Ҷ죬ˣλҳǵĳˣһλǿİ벽ǿߡԶѪ˷ܵ˵
λҳǵĳҲҶ죬ɫ飬ȴһĨ֮ɫˣ츳ȷ˳ԾۻĽҽ磬ҲҲڶţϧãûͶ̥ҽȻΪһλǿߡ
һΪǿߵģһҽĴСҶ쵭˵
ҳǳ÷һЦҡͷˣ̫ˣҲ츳̫ǿСӢۣ֪ˣ졣ˣעˣ·
ҾýڣҶ˵ϼһ̫Ҹоˡ
þû˸ôϷ˵ˣ㻹ǵһҲһҳǳҲûзŭЦ˵
Ҷƿƥɡ
ˣô𣿡ҳǳڲôƮƵˣɱ⡣
ϻ˵ҽ߶Ҷһȭҳǳ
ҳǳ״мЦԲġ̤벽ǿ߾磬һмɵվֻ۷弶𡣡
˵գҳǳҲһȭӭȥҪҶóһҶ죬ҪɱҶ죬ҪҶڲ֮ȥ
䣡
Ҷȫʢռ̺ȭͷ֮Уȭһɿֲĵ⣬ҵĵâգ貵˺ء
˲Ϣ֮䣬ҳǳȭͷͱҶ飬µĵâݺݵҳǳϣߺݺݵغɳȥ

ԶսҽǶʱĿɿڴ
û뵽ҳǳȻˣҰܵô졣
ɶʵԶ籬ըҳǳһǱس˳ŭضҶ죬ɫޱﻹ֮ǰĵ
ƥ㲻Ǻװ𣿼Ҷ֮ɫ


2116 
ҶĻҳǳһ죬žŭޱȣʲôҲ˵ˣֱɱҶ죬أֱӱ벽ǿߵս
ɱ
ҳǳŭҪٶɱҶ죬ϴˢĳ衣
ȻҶսľȻҲǰ벽ǿ߼
Χ۵ҽǶˡ
ѪŵŴͣһﾹȻ벽ǿߵս
áǲҪӣԱһλŵò˵ҶչֳɱˣȻ־塣
Ѫһۣŭҽǿߣǻ˻Ľ磬ôӣ
ԣҪųڵǰ϶ӮġһλҲ˵
ֻҲ

ͬʱҶҳǳսѾ˰Ȼ
Ҷʱ뱩¶ȫʵûʹþžŹһ֮Ҳûʹһ棬ƾ۷徳ռԷɱ
ˣҶҲ벽ǿߵս
ңҶԲʹǿ
ҳǳʼ·硣
ħӡҶӡɱ֮ӡǵħӡǳֲ߱ħɱ¡
ҳǳҲʼƴˣһΪһ޴գɢ貵ĹâӲֵסħӡ
Ҷüͷһȵԭڵˣ
ߣϷڸҳǳߵ
Ҷ첻мʲô춼Ҫ
ԲѣҳǳŭЦʵȻҪɱһԶ
𣿡Ҷһֱʩչһ棬ʼѹҳǳʵ
¡¡
һչһƬε򣬽ҳǳڡ
նʱѹƣַ򶼱ˡ
ʲôҳǳӦΪϵؽͣɫʱһƬѿ
ԶѪҶʩչһ棬ʱѵСģҶľУѹƵ˵ʵϽȫѳ
ѪѣҳǳѾʼôˣʼģǹǿʱһѹơ
䣡
Ϊ벽ǿߣҳǳģĻǳֲ˲˺һ档
Ҷ죬ɣ
ҳǳʱޱȵ⣬߶ԼģĻҶɱҪһٻɱҶ졣
ӡҶһ䣬ɫâ貣ӡһɹɷڵ˫ۣ֮Ȼ۳һ޴Ľӡ
㣡Ҷһ߶ӭȥ
¡¡
ҶĽɫӡݺݵغҳǳϣʶ־Уݻ١
ҳǳҽţڲԶ塣
ϧģĻٴܵҶһѹơ
һΣҶ첻ģٶʩչӡɱ
Ҷ죬ɱϷģҳǳóһλ֮ȼգһǿϢϯһӾͳһѹơ
֮
ȻƵóû֮
ǾǴ˵еĻ֮𣿡

ԶսҽǷ׷𾪣ǸǾϲϾ֮Ҳ˵
䣡
ҳǳڻ֮İѸٻָͬʱʵﵽһֲĳ̶ȣʼƽǿ߾硣
Ҷ죬ƵϷû֮Ҳֵˡҳǳɭ˵зǳᣬϾһλֵܴ֮󣬿ϧ͹Ҷʵû֮Ļľˡ
䣬ҶˡԶѪغ
ҶһЦ漴ƣĸֳʮλ֮ɢһɹ޵Ŀֲ
֮
ʮΣ
ʲô

ҽǶʱɴ۾˾š
ѪҳǳҲĿɿڴϵЦݶʱסˡ
֮еǣҶ쿴ĿɿڴӣоˬЦ
Ҷ첢ûʹû֮ʩչžŹһ֮ҴǼ춼
ɲǼ䣬ҶϢϵرǣҳǳ˿ǿһ֡

ҳǳΪҶȼ˻֮תӡ
ǰ׳գ֮ǰͲҶĶ֣ڿҲǡ
ЩҽߵùˣҲڵˡ
ң
һ߰

ЩҽǶʱ־ˣҳǳһӣôֵҶ죿
˺
һ貵ĵ˸
ڳҽȫ֮ǰѪû뵽ԼҶ
ߣߵ𣿡
ҶɱȺҽߺ󣬱׷ҳǳ


2117 սǿ
ˣ
ʲôЩǰȻˣֻгӳȥˡ
Ҷ죬ǸԺĵһţ˵ؽԺû뵽ʵôֲ
Һȥ׷ɱˣǿҲҪҿǻǸϽ뿪ɣ

Ҷ׷ɱҳǳ뿪ʱҳѾһƬȻ
֮ǰҶҽǴսʱǶڳڶеѹ֣ǻػǿͱನɱˡ
ʱҶҳǳ뿪Щҽ߷׷׿־ˣһŵ뿪ҳǣʼҽ硣
Ϣţ

ʣҶһĽ硢ҽ硣
һսϢҽ磬Ľ磬߶ˡ
ƴһ߷ˡ
Ҷǿ߻Ҫˡ

ҽ·ϡ
ңڱҶ׷ɱҶȼ˻֮вҳǳһӣһ߸Ϣ
ԶҽڵҲһλ벽ǿߣӵҳǳϢʱʧɫʦܣûиȼ˻֮ҲĶ֣ǸҶ첻ǴԺһ𣿾츳ǿҲôװɡ
СѾ۷ˣǳ̬ʵ벽ǿ߻ҪáҪ׷ˣǿҡҳǳŵ
ҳǳûй򴫵ϢˣΪҶѾ׷ˡ
ҽ磬״ɫһЩ𾪺Ͳţϵõħ
ħ棬ʦܵҶ׷ɱһѶ
ħܿʹѶˣѾյϢˣǸҶСѾɱҳǵߣֻʣʦϾȥ
ԭġõħĴѶʱʦ˵һжģвɵõһ
ǸҶĴԺӣȻѾɳز

䣡
һ촫ҽ硣
֮ϣĽֳִħѪ漤ս
λսΧ˸ҽӽ
Ľִߣû뵽ǴԺǳһ˲õšѪЦ
ĽִĮȻ˵ΪĴС
һֻС϶ѣҲ̫ˡѪԣʲôЦһмЦǿ߶ǣϾҪˡ
ĽִʲôҲûзɱѪ档

ҽһطԺԺֳֻڶսѪħ棬һֲѪħѪ
ɶһСϣֻŽ֮ѣȻҷܹ֮ɱ㡣Ѫħŭ
ͬʱѪħ߶ɱµʮء
ȻԺԺӻסڲ֮أѪħ޿κΣŭ

ĽִǣסѪ棬ԺԺǣסѪħ棬ҽһλǿߣħȴ̤գǰ˻Ľ硣
ԺȻѾɢˣǾͲشˡħ䣬ȴҽ硣
ħ䣡
ħ

һҽǿ߸ߺ
ǿߵٶȾǿ죬Ҷո׷ҳǳãûüնɱħĿϢѾԶˡ
Ҷ죬ˣ
ҳǳҲӦ˼ħϢʱЦ
Ҷ俴һۣڿһˣ㡣
˵գҶԥȼ˻֮
䣡
һ̣ҶʵٶȱըµϢͬ嫺Ԩһϯա
ʲôҳǳܵҶͻȻǿϢɫʱѿг˲ţȻܱǿ
ɣ
Ҷ俴һۣһӳȥϣ֮ųʢĵâһӹᴩ񷣬ػ綼Ϊ֮鿪
ҡҳǳҽԶħȡ
ϧħ滹һ
ҳǳվҶնɱˡ
䣡
ħ٣ĮҶ죺ˣܲҪ
˵գλǿǿһ̽£ҪҶĥ
һƷǳĿֲ̺ŻⲻģĻʵĻ
ֲֻ̫ˣֻ̺һ㣬Ҳ˿־Ϣ
̫ǿˣĿ£
Ҷ찵̾һͬʱϣ֮ʩչӡӭȥ
䣡
Ҷ챻һǿɳȥ
춼ʣµܲûɱҶ죬ֻҶһЩ˶ѡ
ʵ͹Ŀ࣡Ҷʱ
˼ħ濴ԼһûɱҶ죬۾ʱһУЩȺš
ǿ𣿲ˣҶ쿴ħ棬Ŀдս⡣
ͬʱĽ硢ҽǿԶͶӰսһĻ˾ԺȻ


2118 
ҶȻסħһ֮
ҵ찡ǿǿߵһȻסˡ
̫˼ˣҶʵȻǿ˹ѹؽԺ

Զսǿ߷׷׾
˵ǵıٶȻ죬ǽͶӰٶȴܿ죬ֻͶӰûκεʵѣҲֻڹս
ҶɱҳߵʱϢѾ磬ǿ߶սˡ
ǵõħ潵ٵϢսǿ߾͸ˡ
ʱҶ쵲סħһս˶𾪲ѡ
Ҷ˵ĹȻûǿߵʵϾƹ˵ҲͶӰսˡ
һԣղԪοص˵ͷǴԺˡ
̫˼ˣۿҶһڿһλǿ߰ǿǿ߰һܡ
ŷ޻ںͶȻҲܼǵɫЩӣ뵽Ҷ컹ǵʦܣʵǣȴԶԶسԽǣܹǿ߿ˣǸеЩʡ
λҶϵܻҵõİҲԶҲͶӰڹս;һȺվһ
˶ǳ𾪣һЩҶϤˣо˼顣

սǿ߷֮УҶħһμս
Сӣ˵Ҷ԰ɣ츳ȷ˶ݣϧҽˡħٴ̽ɱͬһƣʱȴȫ֣СҶˡ
䣡
Ҷƴֵǿߵ̫ǿˣֵס
춼ػҶҲûˡ
һĻԵǲСħ濴Ҷϵ춼һۣһḬ֮̃ɫҶûзĺС˼ʰ
˵ţħ̽һֻֽҶץסҪҶϵ춼
ռ
ӡ
Ҷֻ֣Զ
һ̣Ҷռεس˵ǰǺƴޱȵĵ⣬ЯſֲϢùս𾪡
¡¡
µռһس磬ᴩգ¶Ҷ
ɱƥĵ⣬貵ĵâ֮УʢĵƬأͬһء
䣡ħóԼĺһҶռ⡣
ħУͬ¶𾪺Ͳ֮ɫСӾȻߵǿ֮
ǿ֮ǿ֮Ҳ
һ̣ħ𾪣սǿҲ𾪣㲻֪ǿ֮ˣҲӱǿ֮Ĵ˵
Ȼǿ֮
ѹҶôǿ󣡡
˵еǿ֮Ȼߵز
ϧǿ֮ԳɾǿߣҶȡ޴
ҶѲɵ츳Ϊǿ߶ܣΪʲôҪԾ·

ս˼𾪣ɻ󣬸˾Ҷ̫޴ˡ
ղԪáϾƹҲˣҲû뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼߵĵ·
ѹôǿǿҲ۷׷ףҶĿⶼЩźһ츳ǿܳΪǿߣҲ㲻ʲôš
ֻгΪǿߣܳΪ֧վ߽۷塣
˵ҶѾԾ˺·
Сӣ̫ʧˣɱ㣬޷ΪǿߣҲû˿в
ħЦ
ˣħ滹ɱҶ졣
ϾҽôߵҪ˸۵ġ
ʹܳΪǿߣҲκβңҶЦһΧ˵Ŀ⣬ʼߡ
ɱҳǵߣҺħ潻˼ΣǿߵĿѾˣûҪħƴˣϾҪͣȼջ֮ʹ֮ٶ࣬Ҳô˷ѡ
ӵ𣿡
ħ浱ȻŹҶ죬׷ȥ
𾪵ǣҶٶȾȻ׷Ҷ졣
Сӣ㲻ҪؽԺѵͣҽ𣿡ħɫغȵ
ҶЦǿߣô㽻֡
Сӣӵ˺Уӵ𣿡ħһȻתǰĳǣĴĳǣ㻹ôؽԺ
ħȻôҾȥҽһˣħţŶҲ˳ǿߣҶܹնɱҶ첻Цĵתǰҽ硣
Сӣħʱŭˣתҽ硣
ӸղŵսѾҶʵ£ǿߣԵֵҪҶȥҽ磬ħžˡ
Ҷ쿴ħ淵ҽ磬ʱЦ


2119 
ҽ磬ħ濴ԶڻĽҶ죬һҧгݣŭǿߣȻһСϸϷˣˣֱǳ衣
뿪ҽ磬ҶɱѪѪħ汻ǣƵ£ҽû˿ԵֵҶ졣
Ҷ죬ҳСˣΪԱסĴĳ𣿡
ħҽ磬ͬʱֳһ߷ٴĳǣŴĳǳ֡
Ҷ죬ʹҵķҲĴĳǡħЦ
ǽʧˡ
ĳǼûҶڣҶǾ߿ܵ£ǿĻɵصסħĹ
ʵϣħ汾ĳǵ󷨶ֵܵοֻħһ߷
ԺȻһλǿİ벽ǿߣ
ħɫʱѿ
սߣҲ𾪲ѡ
ԺȻи֡
ԺҪˣ뵽
ʱҶѾصĳˣŶħЦħ棬ӭμǴԺĽʽͰ
Ҷ죬㲻Ҫ̫ţߵǿ֮ʵǿ󣬵޷ΪǿߣվֻһϣҽٳһλǿߣǴԺ֮ʱħһݻ뿪ˡ
ͬʱҽҲŻ˵Ҷ죬Ҿǿ߾ѾԶˣҽǿ߾Ʊɱ㣬Ϊʦܱѩޡ

Źս˷أҶڻĽﵽ۷塣
һս˴ԺҲҶ
Ҷνվ˻Ľ۷塣
ͬʱҲʼԽԽʦѧգܶ˿ҶʵҪҶ¡
ңǾôԺ̵Ҷţ˵˴Ժ
޺ﱾͶ࣬ҶûɢޣǿǿϢ׷ǰĳǰʦ
ŷ޻ڱҶΪԺȻҶȥЩǰʦˣѡļԺ
ͬʱԺһڣԺĸ߲ڴ˵أƾҶΪԺԺ
ֻǣҶΪǰδԺԺ˳ƺΪԺԺ
˿̣ڣղԪáϾƹ޵ˣԺһǿߣڿҶʵ֮Ҳ׷׻عˡ
⣬ԺˣҲڻع·ϣռִĳǡ
˵Ժˣ˱ҶĻõԺѾعԺ
ҶԺλϣɨһڴԺ߲㣬˵ԺԺԺֲ䣬ִɶΣõԺΪδã
õԺˣӶˣͽûҲܻعԺ
ˣԺıĴԺֱܲĨõԺɡ
ԺõԺɣҲջñ䡷г˲õţΪ˲ӵܣҪָ㣬Ͼġջñ䡷˵ʮ߲㡣ղԪÿ˵
Բ
Ҷ˵ͷðɣţҾΪͽ
ԴˣԺ½ĴԺڴյӣԺǰʢ
ҽȻܲģǽҶʵ壬ҲԺֻܵȴսǿ߾硣

档
Ҷ岢ľɫ
Ҷ죬Ǹ˵˵츳ǿһϵİ벽ǿߣǿ߲Զˡ˵
Ҷ˵ͷҲ˽⣬ܹҽħеĵطɹȷ츳ˡҪǿ߾绹Ҫһʱ䣬ҵʱҲܹٽһδزǿߡ
̤˰벽ǿ߾磬Ҳܹǿһս˵ͷǿ֮ĿҶħһս֮оͿԿˡ

֮Ҷ㿪ʼĽ磬ʼ׷ѰԼǿ֮
һԪҶһڳ˼
ǿߵ㣬ѡһɻһ㡣Ҷ̧ͷ񷡣
һֻıԴ
һɢ֮棬ѾˣǳԼڵԼһͬ䣬ڳΪ֮󣬾Ͱ潻˻ƹܣӶ˻档
ʵϣĽɢޣôѡֻһЩҰĵţŲѡ
Ҷ̧ͷĻԴţĻԴħĻСö࣬Ӧÿɣֻǲ֪Ρ
ǿȻл񷣽٣ֻ㣬ҶҲ֪ᷢʲôϾû˳Թ
СĻҲǻҶɻǾƣ³Ԥϡ


2120 Ĩɱ
ҶվѡĻΪûѡҪõǿߵõǿ߾磬ôǴԺĩա
ȻͻĽں˵ĻҶһˣȥժȡһЩ˰꣬·Ѿ߹ΣĵãӰȫ
ңҶڵʵӣҲԱˡ
ֻûںϣҶĻôҪ硢ħ̫Σˣкͺο϶Źˡ
ԣҶֻܰǿķʽȥĻ
䣡
ȻˣҶûԥ״̬֮ϵĻ籾Դ֮С
¡¡籾ԴܵĴڣϽĨɱ޾ɱҶ졣
ϧĻ̫ˣ޷ҶвϾҶܹǿֵ߽Ĵڡ
һİ벽ǿߣǵֵסĻ籾Դ֮
ɡҵռɣҶſڣֱ̳Щ籾ԴʵϺͲ̳ԣɡ
Ҷ껯ΪռϵŻ籾ԴԼ
ҶռȻǿ󣬵ǻȻҪռӸ߼ʹҶͺ̳һӲʯͷһֻȥǿ
̺ʹ࣬Ҷ궼۵ȥЩȥĻ籾ԴڱȼգΪµĻ߻棬ҪҶꡣ
ؿõҶ涼ðܻɫ棬Żھȼš
Щǿ̫ˣ·ֱȷ껹Ҫܡ
Ҷžʹŭ
ҲʹҶû뵽ɻҲôۣϾõϡ
ʹκǿߣ޷ܡ
µǣĻԴ֮аļ䣬޾ļӿֱҪҶԴű
ЩҶ첻ֻɳȥȻЩ֮ǾͲԼˣǱĻΪһ߿ˡ
ͺñȡϵȻǿޱȣȴʧȥ˱ԣֻǳΪһ֣ûκǿ߻ɵôѡ

ҶŭţǿųЩ䡣
ͬʱҶʹɻԼռϵ׳
Ҷûа׷ѣռһֻڿٵš
ٶȱȷ껹Ҫ죬ϾҶҲֻռȴɻ
ĵȼռߵö࣬һ㣬ҲȵҶռҪǿöࡣ
ҶĻԼռʮȵǰʮˡ
̫ˬˣǿ߸Ȼôõĵ·Ҷʱ˷ˣ֮ǰܵʹ࣬ӭ˾޴ջ
ʮΰ൱ƾյõʮ˰
ȥֻҪɾĻܽ벽ǿ߾ˡҶ̲ס뵽
ڴʱһɿµѹˣҶ궼ڲս
Ҷɫʱ䣺
ĻĻˣǰޱȵĺ嫡
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Ҷæ뿪棬˵ء
ǻҶͷϿգµѹԽԽǿһֲĻ׽٣ֱӾͰҶݻˡ
ǿ߼Ĺ
Ҷ쵹һ֮ϼ춼ʩչžŹһ֮ȼյһλ֮ȻͿʼˡ
ǲ֮ϵĻɸҶ죬޷ҶôҲӲ
ҶʱɫѿˣԴǿߣȴ޷ӻߡ
ⲻǻ񷣣ǻֱӶҳˡҶɫλǰ񷣵ĲͬǰĻ񷣣˵׻ſĳɷ֣ǳҪĨɱҶˡ
£Ⱥǿ߸ˣ·߰˻ĽˡҶЦš
ɲ
ڻ˵ҶҪռԼ൱ĳ̶ȣҲֻǾ֡ҶҪֱǾˣɱҶ죬ѵҶ𣿻Ųôɵء
䣡䣡䣡
һֲĻףЯǿ߼˺ػĺ⣬ݺݵغҶ졣
ۣҶѪԽԽأк춼ػϵػ׽٣Ҳǰˡ
Ҫ𣿡Ҷǲʣ漴˫䣬һǿս
ҶܵǰδеΣûоǷһƴֵס


ʮ ߽ս


2121 ˮ
ϢĽ磬߶Ӧˣǹǿʲôǿߺͽǿ̫ˣǿֲѹûĽ߸еǳѹ֣һڲҳȥ»ԼǿĨɱΰڡ
׷ʲô飿
ΪλԻ
ĻģĻҲǿߵĻѹ̫ˡ

Ľ߽𾪺ɻ
ֻУվϿգԻķ˸
Ҷϵܣ𣿡
һҪסܹɹ
尵뵽
Ҳ˵ǿ֮񷣣ֻԳ֣ǵһ˵ͬʱҲܵǿ֮ѡ

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Ҷ콫Բ޽ӽǿ߾磬Ҳ޷ֵסϵĻ׺һλǿܵôĻףҲˡ
ǲ
ȻҶһѺۣмѺ۳֣壬·Ҫһ֩ƵѺۿʼȫ¡
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˵飬Ҳ壬ֻǻһ㱾Դѡʱ׵Ĺϣû˿ͣϢƬʱ䣬Ҷ޷塣һûȵҶ壬Ҫ׸ɱˡϾʱѾʧȥıӣ
ʥԿ
ҶóһʥȻ֪ʥԼڵЧ̫ãǷȥԿ
ȻһʥȥҶƲûȫָֻһѺ۱޸ˣǺܿ죬Ż׵ĹѺԽԽࡣ
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ҶҧҧȻʥЧܲֻʣ˰ǹؼʱģܲþ;á
ʥȻֵܴ󣬵˰ǲ̫Զˡ
οҶ춼еõ˼ʮʥûԭʯʮš
ôʥ㹻֧һˡ
ͬʱҶҲ˼ŶԲߣ֪ʲôʱֹͣǲɱͲֹͣԾȡ
ˣȥҽ磡
ȻҶһ䣬ɱ
Ȼͣغɱǲȥҽ磬֮Ըҽĵˡ
һõ˵ɢ˵Уȫ
Ҷ뵽գŻҽ硣

ҽ磬ħѪħѰԺԺټͻȻܵĽ٣ʱ¶֮ɫ
⡭Ļ
ѪħԾ
ħ۾һУĿ˸ɱ⣺ҶϢ
ҶǳʹޣȻҶϢ
ҽ磬Աɱ𣿡ħ浱Ҷڵķȥ
ѪħЩ棬Ҳȥ
ǺܿͷҶĿĵؾȻħš
áСҪԸҵͽͽħʱŭޱȣæٸħš
ѪħȴǷֻϢڸҶ죬зǳɻ̲סħСĵ㣬СЩŹ֡
һ϶ѣеʵѵ﷭ɣħ治м
ѪħΣֻøħһħš
뿪úһϤһϵͭӣ¶
ǴԺԺ
Ҷ죡ҽʲôǺ֣ԺԺüͷһ壬ϵղԪãϾûҶֱϵʽѾҶĻϵʽɾˡ
ͨղԪãԺܿϵҶ죬ѶСôҽˣŻ
ԺԺҵһЩ⣬㲻ùܣҲò֣ҲµġҶյԺԺѶϢϻѶˣԺԺЩģǱħš
ħҽɣҽĳħչֳǿߵʵ֮ħŵƸˡ
ҽ磬ܹħʵҲֻѪ¹ɺѪħɡ
Ϊˣ˸ҷħš
ǽգҶŻħܲǿֲĻ׺ɱҶ죬ͬʱҲҶħܲ
ʱħŵĻɽԶ˷ΪħŵĻɽķǳǿԵֵסǿߵĹǻ׵̫ˣǺͣϢعǿҲԵֵ
ʱ䳤ˣħŵĻɽҲ˱ıԵħ߷׷¶־֮ɫ
ʱħѪħ˫˫ˡ


2122 ħŻ
Ҷ죡
ħϵħŵʱ򣬶ʱ˼Ļɽ󣬲ɵ£漴ҧгݵصҶ죬ɱ⡣
ħ棬ҶĳݷˣħžȻ赲⣬ҽĴ֮ҶһߵֵŻףһϷŰؿħ档
ħڣһħԺû룬ѾŰݷõǷЩ׿¶ֱܹӽħŸš
Ҷ죬ħŲӭ㡣ħǿаסеķŭɭ˵
ҪɱҶģǿںɱҶ죬Ͳȥ˻ˮˣҲˡ
ϧʼҪҲȲ
ֻҶЦ˵ħ棬𼱰ѵħһˣ˵ʲôҲҪȥһ䣬һħŵķ羰ҲŻ뿪
ħŵԣ챻ˣҪѾĽǻ
żĻɽħŵ߶ʱˣеһЩ̲ס棬
ħɫһǻһͽͽԥ
ףҡڴʱһ벽ǿħڽش
ħʱסˡ
Ķܹﵽ벽ǿ߾磬Ժлǿ߾ģҲֻǰ᲻ԼӾˡ
£ħҧгݵصҶһۣħڣʼֻɽ
Ҷ죬˳𲻹죬ҲŹġħɱغ
ҵţҶЦ漴ԶѪħ棬ϷŰλѪħɣôȥħ棿
Ǵ䡣
ѪħԵú򶨣Ҷ죬Ȼ¶һĨ֮ɫЦ˵Ҷ죬ܹһλǿ߱ƵϣҲǹһˡ
ѪˡҶ쵭һЦ
Ҷû˼䣬ΪĹûΪǣħŶЩںֻһЩħţվǻҪĿꡣ
ꡭ
ʱţҶѺҲԽԽ࣬ļʮʥѾùˡ
ԶѪħ״ҡͷǿ֮³Ȼ츳Ⱥ··޷ɹġ
ҶҧţûѪħ档
ħŵĻɽУħҲ֧ţǿߣټϻɽ󣬵ǱҶ࣬ŻļҲܵѹ
ֻħ濴Ҷ³󣬶ʱ˵ֻҶ죬Ҳн죿ģ㱻һǴԺȥһ㣬ԲĹµ
֮гɱҪԺ
ҶɫĮмҪҴԺⱲӶûϣҽǿ߾󣬱ڡ
ƾ㻹ҪǿߣħЦΰɣ벽ǿ߾綼ûдﵽ˻Ĩɱ㻹ǿ߾磬±Ӱɡ
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Ҷ嵽˱ıԵ
ħʱ˷ܴЦ
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ͬʱԶԱ߿ϷѪħ棬ҲͫŵصҶ죺˰
ʱҶóһ˰ʼ
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ôܣСӾȻб˰ħʺͲŵغ
ΪҶҪˣ˲䷭̡
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Ҷǿħ棬Цħ棬㻹ܼ֧ҿֲܹʱ䰡
㡭ħҧгݵصҶ죬ǣܳء
ҶѾˣ뻹֧Ųʱ䡣
ħ֧ôãѾеˣȻʵҶǿҲ󷨰ҪħţȻɢˣԵѹҲ
ǿҵڣħ氵̾һ漴ħڵһߺȵͬʱſԼ档
һħŵ߶ʱһӽħŵڡ
ȵеħ߶Լħ󷨣Ѹ뿪˵ء
䣡
ûħλǿ󷨣Ѿ˱ԵĻɽʱˣһħŵһݻˡ
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ҶŻħڡšһԭΰ׳ۣһƬɾħţͳһƬ档
ԶѪħ沢վħ濴һĻҧгݣŭ죬ǿִħŰѪҶݻˣڵѪ


2123 Ͽ
ɶ񣡻쵰СӣģһҪңͷֻޡԶ֮Уħ濴űٳɷħţݶҧĿ֨죬ͷŭڡ
䣡䣡䣡
׻ûֹͣںţħűٵ֧֣׵µݻˣʹΪһƬħ뽨ħţҲֻˡ
ۡɱ˵ħ۾һ죬Ҳ̲סˣѪŭûһǿߵʺͷˡ
һԵѪħ治ɵͬؿħһۣοѣһʶһҪС϶ѣǿߣӦ÷̬Ƭط˾ͻˣȥĽҸõĵط
ħ洭Ŵҧ˵ͷ
ʱҶЯŻ뿪ħš
ҪԺȻڴԺｨħţܹ
Ѫħ棬˵Ѫħڲȥһ䣡ҶЦ
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ħ濴һĻһתȵѪħסȥԺ˴Ժ
˵գħͳŻĽķȥ

ͻȻԺԺЯŻӸǿֲΧվ飬ħҲݺݵҷɳȥ
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СĿ󣡡ԺԺҶһۣЦ
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ûϵҹҲĲˡҶһŵ˵ԼûʲôգֻΪôԺԺİˡ
ħһ𣬺ȻӲԶ
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ɱ
ħһȭݺݺгŷڵɱ⡣
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ҶһߵֵŻ׵Ĺһ߿ԶļսμԺԺҲ˶ԷΪֻǰ벽ǿ߾磬ֻǱһİ벽ǿһЩ˼Ҳ̤ǿߵ·ˡ
ʵ޷ǿߣܴ߶ĽŶԡ
Ҫ֪ӲһĽڽжģϾǵƵ
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ѵʲôҲ֪ԭ𣿡Ҷɻ󣬲ѯʴԺԺ
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ⲻǺҶٺЦ˵Ժ˵䲻Ļҵʵǿ߶ӣӦûǿ
Ҷ첻ǽоԵţڵʵԺԺһİ벽ǿߣҲаջɱʵѾ޽ӽǿˣܹǿ߹ˡ
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Ҳ޷߶ȴԴ߶ʲôҶʱˡ
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ȻĻţҶ𶯣Ͳ²ﲻȻûв´
ôǵõϿɣ
Ҷ촫ѯʴԺԺ
ԺԺصǵǴԺĴ󹦷𣿵㽫һŹԲлһֻľѧôǻûϿɣžѧ߶ӡ
Ҷԣ۾һ


2124 ѹƶ
ҶġԲ𣬲ұ֮ӡǴ˾ѧӡӦǴﵽ˴ԺԺ˵Ҫ
뵽Ҷʱһ󼤶æԺ
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ţҵġѾԲ𣬲ˡӡҶ˵գȻʩչӡµȭӡһĻס
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Ѿõһ˰ˡҶԿЦǱ˰ͱˡ
ǽǿ󰡣Ҷ̧ͷϷĻӣЩױӵסˣ䲻
ְɣִ߶ӣȻôĻףҸоҲ֧Ų˶áԺԺæ˵һѾܵ˾޴ѹˡ
ãҶ쵱´߶ӡʹԺԺһ߶ӡ
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ô£ѪħҲһˡ
ܿ죬ǾͷԭΪҶ߶ŻӳѪħ档
Ѫħ棬սٻغϣҶ쳤Хһս죬ӼȻɵʲôǿߣ
еĻף򱻻סѾ޷вҶˡ
ƺҲһ㣬ʼɢȥȴҶдһɾ
ǵģǻľ档
Ҷ챻ˣȻھѵ־в⣬ղŵȷյ˻ľ棬ټɻĻôȴĽǸӿֲĻ񷣡
··Ҷ찵ЦΪлԺ޼ɵɻڿԼ̫ˡ
һҶֻ߷·ˡ
Ҷ죡
һҧгݵŭ
һɢȥԶħ޹˼ɣʱ˹ѪħɱҶ졣
Ҷ켤ӣǿҵɨȥ
һħѪħ涼˷ûл׵ǣƣǵʵӳӲס
ɱ
ѪħħɱеĺǿϢµɱҶ죬嫵ӿ
ǿߵһǳֲǵԺԺֳֻӶˣЩҲһֱȡλսҺǿӲӲ
ǣҶ޾⣬ֱӶŻӭȥ
䣡
һ졣
ӱ۵Ĺâһɫľ޴ȭӡɢҶĲӡڻӵ֮£ﵽһµĳ̶ȡ
ͣ
飬ըѣһ籩ϯȥ
ɫľ޴ȭӡƥ俪Ѫħħĺǿλǿɳȥ
ʲô
ⲻܣ
Ѫħħ澡𾪣϶˲š
֣Ȼһϸˣʲôʱôǿˣ
Ҷ죬ʵǿûӷӳǿʮֹԺԺҲ֮ɫ̶˷
ǺǣǻҶҲ𺳣ܹƳʵжǿ
ʲôʱҵϣܱ֮ôǿҶ찵뵽
漴Ҷ߶ŻӣɱѪħħ棬ƬҽϼսҶʼռϷ磬Զսҽǡ


2125 ͣս
ʲôħѪħȻҶѹˡ
ҶʲôʱôлӣҲôǿɡ
ˣһҽԺ޷ռˡ

ҶЯŻҽĶ̫ˣ֮ǰлѹڣû˸սڻɢȥˣսҽǾԽԽˡ
ЩҽǿҶȻѹסħѪħλǿ֮۾Ӷɳˣһš
Ҷ죡
ħѪħ涼ҧгݵصҶ죬Ǹоޱȵĳ裬ǿߣ֣ȻҶѹˡ
սעᴫȥǿ»ΪҶ̤ʯΪҶıǽ
ǿҲˣҶЦеǳʹ죬ʲôʱܹǿˣֱҪ̫ˬˡ
ҶЦħҧгݣħűҶݻˣԼֱҶѹƣԴΪǿûйôѿ
ס֣
ڴʱԶ֮вΰӰǾɢź嫵ϢҶ죬Ѫħ桢ħѹסˡ
ǿѹǰǿߣҶ죬еǳĿֲ
ǽ
ǻĽִߺѪˡ
ҶɻתͷȥλжԵĽȻͣˣ̸Ц⡣
סְɣҶ죡Ľִ߿˵ҶĿ⣬ͺο
սˣҺѪͣսĽִ߰иҶ촫
Ҷһ漴ԦŻ˿ѪħħȻҲյѪĴҲ˿
ηԶѪ濴Ҷ죬г֮ɫֻɫ䡣
ţȻҽģǵжԺģ˲İ
ôǿ֮δǰ;ԣѪ氵˿
ĻҶ츳Ϊǿߣô±һǿǿ̫ˡ
Ҷ죬߰ɣĽִ߻˻֣Ҷ뿪ҽ硣
Ѫվԭز
ߣѪħһתȥ
ħ濴Ѫ棬̲סʵǰΪҪͣս
ֶһ󱲸ѹˣⳡսôȥѪ淴ʵ
ħʱɫڨڨ˵
ȥؽħŰɣסҪǴԺˣ˵ǻпܻʹԺˡѪ˵
ħһЩŵصɴ۾Ǻǽˣôܣ
ٹһܼͣҪͻĽںˡѪ˵һ䣬תȥ
ħʱȻ
ԭҪͻĽںˣʱǿߴǻĽ磬ҽ磬Ҫܵ
ϾЩ˶ǷӣǲŲ˭Ҫ޾ɱ¾

ԺĽִߡҶ졢Ժ
ҶħһҲʳеɻ
ҺѪˣһܼͣҪǻĽںϣʱǺҽѾʺڷսˣȵܾˣֻ硣Ľִ˵
ԭˣ
Ҷȥ磬֪˶ǷӣźħսҪôˣ֪һǽĽ磬ǵ顣
ֻλǿߣûн
ҶЩɻ
ѪͻĽִ߶ǽλ֣λǿʲô
͹ħ壬һЩصĽִ߿Ҷеɻ󣬳λǿߵı޷ǿ
ǱϾԶ磬ѵԿҶɻ
ǿ߿綼ѣҪʵ磬ôʵᱻųɣʣµսԻĽִߺѪ档
½磬ǵĽԿ繥Ľִ߳
ҶȻͬʱһԷĽȻԿ繥ǺǱûʲôϾͨҲܹӳս
ҪǣԷ϶࣬ȻĽִߺѪ治ôɵ硣
úɣȻǿ֮һ̤ǿ߲ΡĽִ߿Ҷ죬սǿ߾磬ӾػԺҪԺ뿪ǿ߾硣
Ҷ죬ǴԺԺϵĵӺأϣ˼ŵ棬ϾǿˣǴԺŻǿ󡣡ԺԺҶ˵
Ҷ˵ͷλǰİɣ׵ġ
ĽִߺʹԺԺ뿪ˡ
ҶĿȥ漴߳ĴԺǣͷѹܴ
þ̤ǿ߲ΣȻ޷ǡҶ찵뵽
һܼ͵ʱ䣬˵̲̣˵Ҳ


2126 
ҽʹԺͣսϢˣĽ綼ڷڡ
ͬʱҶѹѪħħϢҲˣҶһ¥
ڻĽ磬ҽ磬û˲ʶҶˡ
ˣԺΪĽŵѧԺ߶ԽԺΪ١
ҶĴ£ԺԽԽ٣յĵҲԽԽ࣬гΪҲкܶࡣ
˲ٿȵŷ޻ڡš

档
ҶһߺȾƣһġ
Ҷϵܣǿ֮ôˣ𣿡ʵ
ҶЦϴðɻ˻Ĩɱлҿ¾ˡ
̫ˡҶɻĵ׵һ
Ҷ찵һ̾ǲɻˣ׼ȥһˣȥıȡ˰
߷·ɻһ㡣
أҶ쿴壬ЦʵѾﵽ벽ǿ߾磬ʲôʱǿ߾磿
ѰҡҡͷЦôģǰʱյʦϢ˵緢һż׼ҽȥһ˵ܹҵͻƵ
иʦǺðҶĽ
أҪҪȥҿʦæЦ
Ҷҡҡͷǿֻ֮ܿԼû˿԰ҡȥĻõһЩûʲô
Ҳԣ˵ͷ֮ǰҲԼʦҪһЩǿ֮Ϣǿ֮ļѡ
Ҷ쿴˵㰲ȥɣǺҽͣսˣдԺڣ治µġ
ţڣҺܷġ˵ͷ

뿪Ҷص˴Ժ
񣬴Ժ˲żüãĳǶһƬ
һЩˣҲ˴ԺҶʥа֮ӵ˶˲͵츳
һжõһ淢չ
Ҫ뿪һˣʱҪܾãǶ˵ڴԺչسǿ߾缴ɡҶղԪúϾƹ˵
ϾƹһĽִߺԺˣҪˣһҽǿô죿
ĺˣϾҪǻĽںˣû׼ʱǻҪҽˣʱǲǷսġҶЦ˵
ղԪõ˵ͷ漴Ҷ죬˵㾡ȥɣҪԺڣ㲻õġ
ҵǿ߹ϾƹҶҪȥѰͻƵĻԵɵЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴뿪Ժ

Ľĳڡ
Ҷٴ
Ҷ˵ء
һˣǽ磬ڶˣФ磬Σ׼Լ硣
ͻĽҲҪںˣǰıȡ˰׼ǿ߾硣Ҷ찵뵽
֮ǰûн磬ǵĻزڲõˣͻĽҲҪںˡ
˳㿴Фôˡ
Ҷսͨǰ硣

޾ɷӿҶϢس磬ڽ֮ǰԼϢû֪綯һˡ
ǰϤĻգҶЩпǺõطÿǿʵ
һΣ߾磬һΣҪǿ߾硣
Ҷ춼оԼĸء
ȥФ
Ҷգǰ
磬ҶϤϾܳһʱ䡣
Ҷʵܿ͸ϵ
ߣˡҶ캰һֱӽ
ţҶ죡ڣ߶ʱ۳ΣǰҶ죬¶ϲ֮ɫ
ѣܸ˰ҶЦ˵
æ˵Ҷ죬ãǸͽܱŵץˣȥ
ʲôҶɫһ䡣
ФȻŵץˣ
ôܣ
ҶĿؿߣô£ФڽʱҾѹһʱ㣬ôᱻץߣѵãһǿߣ
ԿЦ¶ˣãǳĲãһ
ôҶĿɿڴЩţǺεȴڣФδҲ̫˰ɣȻһ
߽͵ʵҲɣʱڸѰʲôʱФѾˣ֪ǴӻĽģһߣҲᣬֻФó쾵ϵңͱˡ֪ģҲ֪쾵УȻһô϶뵽㡣
ҶФȷķԸϵߣȴû뵽ڸ
湻ġ


2127 
Ҷ˼תǰߣʵûϵô˵˵ףҺԩ޳ֻûΪЧѣûҪץһͽܰɡ
߿Цûϵ쾵ϵˣ˵ФѰҵĴˣѾ鿴Фļ䣬֪һЩ顣˵ͻĽںϵʱٺ̸̸¡ҾǴФ֪ʲôܣҪФв㡣
ܡ
Ҷ˳˼
Ф֪ʲôܣ
ؽԺ
ƺûá
Ҷ˰죬Ҳ벻Фܹ֪ʲôܣϾФﶼһ˼չо󷨣Ҷûи߹Фʲôܡ
ˣˣֱȥˡҶҡҡͷЦ
ֻһϣʲôˡ
ڣܺǿ߹Уϻ֮Ѫħħֶѹƣοһ
Ҷ쿴ҲѪħ桢ħԵסӡ
ʱλǿΧɱңӽȥҲҪȥ⡣Ҷ찵뵽
ǿ޷ǰ⣬ᱻѹΪҶ첻°
Ҷ컹ֻһߣڤѹƲǺܴ󣬸˵лӻˡ
£Ҷ쿴ѯʵФڱѺܲ𣿡
ҡҡͷЦҲ֪ܲĿ󡣡
ãˣһȳФġҶ˵׼뿪
æ˵ȱߣ
ʲô£Ҷɵؿߡ
߿ЦȻФҲȫˣɣΪֱӰյȥȻФֱӰ棬ٽ̵󷨡
ҲãҶ˵ͷһǿ󷨣Ҳеô
ǣߵ£Ҷ
¡¡
󷨺һҶֱƬһ޴Ķ硣
ݣ
Ҷ֮Ͼ뿪ˡ
úһǿͶӰڴ˵أȴѾûҶټ
򲻼ˣ
˭ˣ
ǸϻΪ𣿡

ĶǿߣожЩɻ
ҲֻһֻϣҲûж롣
ʱ
ҶѾϢǱ뵽ܲҽܲΪλǿһУôض޷ΣʱҪֱˡ
ȲФټ
Ҷ찵뵽
ڰеȴš
ʱһȥ
ڣһԪҶȵһλܲµͳ졣
Ҷ쾪ȵǣͳ컹ˡ˼Ҳ˾
ûᣡ
Ҷ֣˼ץס
ţҶ죬㣡˼һûзӦͱץҶǰһ۾ͿҶ죬ʱһ
ҶøϻֱӷųþڻõϵΪ˼ҲУʧȥǡ
֪Ф𣿡
Ҷ漴ѯ˼ڰģФӡ
˼Фһۣ漴˵ͷ˵סĵط˵Ŀˣָ֪ʶ
ŶҶЩȣ뵽Լദһʱ䣬ʱЦ
λϿͺǰܹΪЧûôˣôҲܰ㵱ò񵱳İϸӣкʮ
Ȼ
Ҷ漴뵽ڵԺӡ
ġ
ﳣһķ
ҪǰФЩװ
Ҷ첻üͷ
Էǿߣֻһ߷ҲѴӶԷǰФϾԷҪһ֣ܹФ
̸ֻܺһ̸ˡ
Ҷֳһ߷漴˼ı
Ҷ죬ʲô˼һʱ뵽ղŵһĻʱҶ졣
Ҷ쵭Цȥɡ
˼Ҷһۣ漴˵ͷã
ͨղŵһĻ֪ԼҶǰһûзء
£һǰһܲ
䡭Ҷһһǿɨ
Ȼ磡һϤڶ䣬ɱ⡣
ҶЦþò
Զ飬һĿҶ죬⡣
ҶηֱӶԷǳ𵭵Цݡ
еҶηӣЦܹܻۣҲ˲ˡ


2128 ս
ȻҶѧԺܻ۵ϢѾ磬ΪһǿߣϢǺͨġ
ҶЦ˵û뵽ǿ߻ڹעҶĳһСҶĳҡ
ߣǿ֮ҲδزܳΪǿߡ
ҶøϻֱʵҵҲ֪ˣ֪ҪʲôŻŵͽܡ
Ф𣿡Цһ츳ܲ򵥣ѹǧ̵߽ҵܼ򵥣˵б˰ɡ
˰ôܻб˰ҵõ˰̫Ц˰ɣҶҡҡͷ
ߵˣҴӿ֪һЩϢ
Ҷһ
ɣһϷŰؿҶ죬ͬʱסΧգƬ
Ҷ΢΢Ŀ漴Ц÷ˣֻǷ
ͫһ漴֣飬һϤӰץУФ
ʦʦ𣡡ФҲҶ죬ʱ
סФĺ˵䶢Ҷ죺˰͸ͽʬɡ
ãҸ㣬ֻʣһ˰ˣҶɫ˵ФڶԷй˼ɡ
һ䣿Ц䣬ƭ𣿡
УȻӿõϢѵͲ֪һõ˰ҲܻųҶ˵
ᡭСӾȻᣡȻ֪飬ʱһ
Ųţֻʣһ˰ˣȻͽܣͽֻܲһҲֵֻһ˰Ҷ˵
ҶΪ˽ԸӦҲΪ˽Ӧò
ȻԥƬ̣ĵҶ첻Фˣͷãһһ䣬óɡ
㵱ǰ׳ó˰ҪǷô죿Ҷƿ׳һ
߳ŭǿߵģ
ûҲţҶЦ
㡭һŭֻ۾ŨҵɱҶ¶Цηӡ
գ̰Ƕ˰ص˵ͷã
ԻģֻҪҶ콻˰ͷФ
˰ɣɫصҶ죬Цֻ˵Фû˵㣬Сӣ㻹̫ˡ
Ҷ쵱Ȼ֪С˼˿壬ֱñóʣµһ˰Ӹ
˰
ĿʱޱȣһѾץס˱˰ͬʱҲԷФ
ʦ𣡡ФεؿǰҶ졣
ȱ˵ˣҶץסФͰͽԼĳʼڣ˿漴ɫؿ
˿Ҳ˱˰ɫƵؿҶ죬ɭЦҶ죬ֻӦФûдӦ㡣ٺ٣͸ӦܹȡһЩô
ŶҶ¶֮ɫ𣿡
üͷһϷŰؿҶ죺˻ۣ˼ֵҲգҾʶһǿߵ
ˣʶһ»ӵɣҶͺһѾŭޱȵֱӼӣ߶ӡʱϯȥ硣
͡
ֲѪɳȥ
¡¡ܲӵݻˣǿܻǿߣοܲЩߺֵĻᶼûУ˲Ƭزֻм۷ǿ߻ǱԶ
Ҷ죡
Լܲݻ٣±ɱɫʱޱѿͬʱһƬû뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼʵղ˵ˡ
û뵽ȻлӣҲҶеĻӡ
û뵽黹أҶ߶ӳɱչֳԲĲǿͨӱϵغɱ
ǿ֮£µܲѾݻٵϡá
֮ŭ
ȫðŽɫâҶһӲӡһȭҵȭⶴڰգʱ䵹ˡ
䣡
ݺݵغڻ棬߽Ƶľ졣ֲϯȥΧǳ汬飬
ɱ
Ҷȫ߶սŲܣЩ˶Ѿǿĥʧȥ־
п磬ҶҪֱӽݻ٣˺޹˼ɡ


2129 
¡¡
Ҷսǳң̶˲䣬ѾΣÿһζɴƬǳ顣
ڽ֮ҶҲܵǿһѪħ桢ħ滹Ҫǿǿߣл֣ҲֵֻܿסĹռϷ綼
绷пᣬܹطĥ³ǿ߹Ȼǿ󣡡Ҷ찵뵽Ѫħħ棬ӦǿߣȻǹĿǰѾ˿
ҶǿߵУǿģǾֻУ񡢰Ҫǿһ㡣
Щ˵ʵֻܴŲһ£Ϊǿ߾磬ûеȼ֣֮ʲôڡڡں۷֮֡
ǿߵʵķйأ֮һҲǿߣǧ֮һҲǿߣ֮ʵȴʮֹ
⣬һЩʵǿǿߣܹһĽ⡣
Сӣû뵽ܹѻӴ߶̶ȣ磬ȻˣǾͲˡ
ù£ҶĿ⣬ʱࡣ
ͬʱʼϵǿߡ
ЩǿѾڸ·ˡ
Ƕ˰ȷţ´ұضɱỨҶҲӦĹǿϢӽ俴һۣ漴뿪
ߣ״ɵЦôҿߵõ
£׷ȥ
ͬʱλǿҲֿӸΧҶ졣
ôλǿΧ׷Ҷ·ӡ
û뵽ǣҶȻ˹⣬ǸûȥΪû˻ΪҶ⣬һء
ħסǲһǿߣԽ⡣һƺ뵽ʲôæԶħ
ϧѾˣҶٶȱͲǣһӾͽ˹֮С
ɶ񣡡
ڹǰʧڹ֮еҶ죬ɫޱ
ͬʱλǿҲٶ¡
ħüؿӵ˭Ȼܹ㿹⣬ӵлӡ
Ҷ죬ǻܻۣǿ֮ĴԺšû뵽ǣʵȻôǿܹѻӴ߶ҿĵزɫ
Զǳ𾪣ʵǷǳ˽ģԲǲ١
ǻӣ̾
̽Ϣ𣿡
ǰɣĿһת˵˰ϢȻɵ͸¶ĶС
⣬ģڣҲ޷뿪硣˵
˵أҧгݵ˵ҶǳʹޣϾҶٵܲ¾ӢɱˣѾǹ¼ҹһˡ
λûϾǲǹ¼ҹˣҪܲ

⡣
ϤϢ
ҶӣȫϢűȪķȥ
Ҫٶȡñ˰Ȼ꣬ǿ߾硣
ڳʼڣФһμߡ
Фڼˡ߿Фʱ˿漴ĵ˵
ФǰФ﹪
һԵҶ컯ȵʦɣһϣʦ𡣡
ФﱾǲʦģϾУҶΩһʦ𡣲ȻҶ춼ô˵ˣҲֻðΪʦ
߶ʱϻοǰФĹЦúúãˡ
漴߿Ҷ죬˵Ҷ֣ȥæɣФͽˡ
ãͷˡҶͷ漴ɢ
Ҷڵȷæ
ʱ䲻ˣ뾡ȡ˰
Ȫλ֪Ͼһι⣬Ϥ·Ҷܿ͵ִ˱Ȫ
ҶűȪѰұ˰
ܿ죬Ҷҵʮ˰λ˧أȻϴαҶ߼ʮ˰Ӿ
ϧǣʱյҶ죬ʮ˧Ҳûá
ҶȡӣֱӴ߶
䣡
ɿֲǰǹ˧ҲֱˣοʣµС
ڤ֮Ҳ޷ֵҲûӷӡһλڤ
ˢ
ҶɱЩڤ֮ı˰Ȼȥ
֪ԼһˣôܿͻסȻɱЩڤˣûϢݳȥɱĶˣ¶
Ҷֻڴ֮ǰժȡһЩ˰


2130 ʥ
ɱᣡ
ҶڱȪжɱߣ߱˰
ںʱܡ
ʮ䡭ٶ䡭һǧ䡭Ҷеı˰ԽԽࡣ
ҶǳҵǣжôãȻûӵע⡣
ҶЩӿٶȶȡ˰
ףǸһôر˰ˣ
ȻҶ쿴һϤӰ
ǵ·ĺӰڤΪڤʹߣұҶŴȥ˰
Ҷû뵽ڴ˵ټһ
١ӰȻҲҶ죬ʱЩ˼顣
䣡Ҷ߶ӣȽӰԱߵڤȻſŴ˵ĺӰʵ㲻ڤʹôر˰ˣ
ӰԿЦϴΪ·ұ𷣣ڤϣҿر˰ģĻҿͱˡ
ŶҶЦ
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2131 ӡ֮
ѵôı˰Ҷ쵱ȻҪժȡһЩΪƴҲУϾ֮·ҪЩ˰
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䣡תһȭӭȥ֮࿹һ̶
˭һ֮ɫصؿǰߡ
ߵЦǰδԺԺ
Ժ
Ժˣ
Ժǿ߾ˡ

ԺڣԺԺ֣һЩʶĸԺǷ׷˷ܵĸߺ
ղԪáϾƹǸǼѡ
ԭֻһ½ǿߣƾҲסңȻ漴Ц
ŶǾԿɣԺԺһЦûмϻֱɱ
䣡䣡䣡䡭
ԺԺһٿؾżǧ׻ÿһʩչһսǧսһ𱬷һƬϺˡ
Ժڵ˿Ѫڡ
޾ս䣡ղԪ˵


2136 
Ժ˾Ȼӵоżһͬʱٿô׻ԲͬսʩչҲ̫˰ɡҶʥŴĳսĴԺԺԵЩš
һԵϾƹЦԺǴԺ߳ģ޾ս䡷˳ԽԲ磬ͨսʵ֮ͬкǿ
Ҷʥа֮ӵ˷׷𺳣߼Ҳڼ޴ԺŹȻҲˡ޾ս䡷
ԣǷǳ޾ս䡷սж٣Ǽ޾Ҫôսڻͨʵ̫ˡ
޾ս䡷ʱ䣬ԺͿԽǿ߾ˡղԪ˽͵
ϾƹЦȻԺʱƳ˺ܶ࣬һǿ߾磬ʵͺǿѪħħ涼ǿˡ
Ժ˿Ժ׷׸˲ѡ

ĳ⣬ԽսԽľû뵽ԺԺһ½ǿߣʵȻ˿
ʹԺԺսǳܣǧΧֱڱȺŹо˷ǵ˵Ĺ
Ȼѹˡ
һ½ǿ߸ѹˡ
ŭ֮ǰһҶˣϾҲǿŻӵ˵һԺ½ǿߣȻҲѹ޷ܡ
ˣ
еĺԽԽʢͬʱϵϢҲԽԽǿ
ԺԺ̶¶֮ɫ
ֻη˺ܴı仯ıȻֻͨڵľ޴Ҳм޴ƤһӲƬ˸Ž
ˢ
ĺɫһչӲͬһɣΧȫ飬˲ԺԺǰ
ȥɣ
˫ɱ⡣
ǻĽִǰᵽħ𣿡ԺԺɫصضѾģе
ͬʱżס塣
䣡䣡䣡
֮ʵٶһΣȻѹŴԺԺ
ʵ¡
оȵϹĺͰˡ
ô£
ʵôôࣿ
ԺȻѹˣ

ĳڣһڴԺĸ߲׷׾ԺԺѹƣһɫ䡣
ղԪøǼŶ⺰ԺϽ󷨵ֵס
ԺԺѾˣղԪõѣƴĳǡ
ߣЦš
ղԪǲٿ󷨹ԺԺȡһ˿ᣬӽ˴ĳǡ
ڹǻӲΪоû𣿡ӽĳڵĴԺԺ¶̵Ц
䣡
Ļ£һ貵ݺݵغԺĻ󷨡
ǽ
ոӽĴԺԺͫһ𾪵
ͬʱĳǵ󷨵˱ıԵ󷨵ĴԺ߲㣬Ѫɣһɫ԰ףء
󷨣ԺԺ״æ󷨺ģ󷨡
¡¡
λǿߵ£ڱȫʢʱڵǼĹסˡ
䣡
һңԶķɱ
ĳǵĻ󷨶ʱ
󷨵ĴԺԺɫһ䣺ãҲֲ˶á
ɫһ
ټʵóǿԺԺҲֲ˶á
ѵǴԺҪ𣿡һԺ̲סҺ
ӡ
Ҷ죬쵰̲ס
ͷһ𣬶԰ǴԺҶ죬ҶǴԺԺе֧
ղԪ΢΢͵ؿ˶һۣߺܴҶ켤еϣĻһʿԣ롣
Ҷ죬
ղԪε

⣬ӡ֮ء
ڡ
Ҷ컺۾ֱӳһ͹â˶·һʵУ̧֮䶼пֲĵɢ
һܼ͹ȥ𣿡
Ҷ˵
ڱչǰԼʱѣһȥһܼͣʲôزء
֪ǷͻĽںˣҵþϻȥҶͷֲõԤУﵽǿ߾֮ԤԽǿҡ
ҶѾǿ߾硣
ʵϣõһǧ˰Ҷ̤˰벽ǿ߾磬õһ˰˳̤ǿ߾硣
ֻǿ߾֮Ҷ첢ûֹͣչأǼʹñ˰꣬Ϊ
Ҷֻһǧ˰׼á
ʣµļ˰Ҷһõˡ
ԣҶʱΪﵽһֲĳ̶ȣԲǸոսǿô򵥡
ﵽʲô磬ԼҲٱҪǿöࡣ


2137 һѹ
¡¡
ӡ֮أþδĻӣͻȻһ
һ̣еĺӰˡ
ͬʱһϣҲ¶ڤĿֲס
ҵͽҪ𣿡ڤ˵ҶΪͽܡ
һԵĺӰƲ죬Լλڤ̫ˣϾǷǳҶǲΪڤͽܵġ
䣡
ҶڵĻһ漴͵سգȻ䵽ҶԽԽСҶ
ͬʱڤͺӰҲҶ졣
ڤͫһЩš
ӰȴֱӹڵϣҴһΪҶϴѹеޱȵĿֲþЩӣûҶôǿѹ
˼ոͻƣЩղסϢҶ쿴ڵϵĺӰЦЦ
ȻղסϢǹͷųڤģһڤԼΪͽ˼һҲһڤڵﵽʲô̶ȡ
ηڤҶ죬Ƭ̣ɫŸӵ˵
һ̣ѾҪҶΪͽ˼ˡ

ԶӰ˿ͷ˵
ҶѾΪˣһǷǳǿӡ
ڤǰ֪ɷڴǿĸΣŶڤ˵ӦӡҶЦʵ
ǿĻ֣Ҷ첢Ͼǿ߸߸ϣǰѽӴεǿߡ
Ӳֵȼ
ڤҡҡͷҶ죬˵ǿڤڤ磬ǲָµģҶͬһ硣ֻΪ˴ĻڤѲͬԲ˱˴˵ʵͬ
ҶԳҲ˵ǿֻ˴Ļжǿˣ
ڤҶеĻӣЦлĶʵǿܿˡ򵥵˵ǿ磬˭ǿ˭жҪһ˴˵սС
ˣҶЦص˵ͷ
Ȼǿûеȼ֣ҶҲͲôˣֻҪ֪Լڱǿˡ
ǰҸˣ
Ҷ漴ڤ˵
ͻĽںϺ󣬴ԺܵԱϻشԺ
ȱߣڤæ˵
ǰ£Ҷɻؿڤ
ڤٺЦҶ죬Ӧ֪ӵǿɣѵͲһӣʱеĽĶˡ
ҶǳһĨЦǰҪҰ⿪ӡ
ҶڵʵټﵽϿɣȷǰӡ
ҶûɵҪųڤϾڤ磬һųڤټʮλӣʵǿҲӳȥ
ҿڤʷģԲΪ㣬˵ӣԳ֣Ҳκβ㡣ڤæ˵
Ҷҡҡͷڤ磬ҿɲҷųһڤɣǰʲôʱΪ˵طȥ
Ϊô׽𣿵Ҫȵ¡ڤ
ҶЦǾˡΪˡ
˵գҶ쳯Źȥ
СӣС˵쵰ڤŭ
ԶӰֱſڵϣλԼǵ͵Ϊʡıǣˡ

ӡ֮⣬һλڴ˵ء
Ҷһӡ֮ص󷨣λӵע⣬Ȼ۾ĿҶ죺Сӣ̲סҪ𣿡
䣡
Ҷһ̤󷨣ǰ̽ȥ޴գһƬǿϢһƬս
ʲô
λ¶֮ɫܵ˾޴вҶϱϢ̫ǿˣԵһӵĸо
ãСӾȻǿ߾磡λɫһ䣬һֵֵ߳һϵλӡ
ˢ
ڵƿնϣҪնҶľ֡
¡¡Ҷɫδ䣬Ǿ޴Ƽѹ£ЯƥɫƵɢϸؿһ񵶡
䣡ƺݺݵ£ɫѹλҲѹ
һƬ
λӱҶһѪɫҰס
̫ˣ
ҶҡҡͷԷȻҲǿ߾磬ǱԼȴǲԶˡҪ֪ϣ֮ûжãֿȭһƾѹ˶Է
㡭
Ҷĵλ˵һ裬۾ˣŭ


2138 ع
䣡䣡䣡
ҶѹλӵʱڤһλҲ̸һǿϢԶӽӡ֮ء
Ҷתͷһۣ˵ҿû˷ʱ䣡
˵꣬һ飬Źڸȥ
λӼ״Ҳ׷׵ת򣬸ڡ
ҶѹλҲѿҶķ׷ȥ
Ƭ֮Уڤڲš
ʮһλǿߵϢ̫ǿˣʮһɾκˣùڤ˵ڲս
Ȼһѹˣ
ʮλ׷Ҷ;УҲλ֪ҶĿֲʵʱһľѡ
Ȼǿ߾磬һʵǿ°ѹڤ̲סͽһλ̾
԰ǹ⣬ûлֻڤηӳǿʵģһλɻ
λҶһѹҡͷʹõĲǻЩ֣һֲڻϢǿ߲ͬ
ԽԾ
¡¡
׷ϻڼ
ڽǿ֮ǰҶٶȾͲǿ߲٣ǿ߾磬ҶٶȾ͸ӿˡ
ڤʮλӱҶ˦󣬺׷Ҷ졣
ִ߶ڤ
ȻһӴλӡ
⣡ڤˣᱻڤų⣡һλӾϲ
ʱʮλֹͣ׷һͬͨڤ
ÿһλӶһڤʮλӼôܹۼڤ͸Ӵˡ
Ӵڤʱ⣬ձ
ţ
ڸڵҶ죬Ȼ̧ͷɫ΢΢һ䡣
¡¡ڤ٣һɿµѹֶ¡
ڤڤȻǿƺȻܶࡣҶʶƣܹж
ڤǿ󣬱ռǿˣȴȲϻ
Сӣӳȥһӵڤд
ҶЦܹٿڤһη壬ǽƾڤҲ̫Сˡ
Բѣһһ
Ҷ첻жȻϣ֮һɿֲĵ
һ̣ռһ񵶣նһ˱ĺڰգɱ֮ϵڤ
䣡
ڤҲдƺмŭͲŵĺ
ʲôȻôǿһӵľŭ
Ҷռ˺սһڣκ
ԶʮӰǱصڤʮλӡ
ҶıӰһλ̲ס𾪵ˣԴһ´˵ûлȻԷӳǿߵս
ȻԴѵ»ų̫ˡһλ𾪵
һӳԴôͻܵڤų⣬ÿǰһ񷣽١Ҹҿ϶һ뿪⣬ͻܵ񷣡
ʵҲδκεӷǳҶ졣
ñô۵ı˰ǵԮˣûб˰ǵΪ޴һλӷߺ޵˵
ʮλӿʼء
ҶԲڤҲܷӳǿߵսҪ뿪ڤ磬ûڤ֧֣ǵʵͨǿһ㣬ᱻǿնɱǲҳȥҶ챨

ڣһӰӺڰ˳
Ҷ졣
΢΢̧ͷϤĻҶЩп
ôṲ̆ǿ߾磬Ժŵһˡ
ӵлӣ˽ĸ֣Ҳ޾塣
ܹвˣѾָ
һ̣Ҷվߵ۷塣
סղôеϤҶȻüͷһ壬֪Ѹ̽ȥ漴ɫ䡣
ͻĽںˣ
Ҷһ
ʲôˣڴʱһȴԶ
ڰУһߴͬħһĺӰ̤ƲգҶ
ħҶһ۾ϳ˴ˡ
ͬʱħҲϳҶ죬¶Ծ֮ɫСӾȻţ
أҶӦƬֻ̣ħһλǿߣλǿأ
ħɭЦȻǻĽˣˣڹǴԺƿҪ˰ɡŸʬɣ
ȸʬҶԱŭֱֳϣ֮ɱħ


2139 ħ
ߣԲѣһߣŽ֮㻹ΪԻǿ𣿡ħЦһóһ˺ɫģųҶ죬͵ҡ
¡¡
ΧһƬƬ鿪
ˡ
˺ɫֲ̫ˣһҡΣ綼ڲ
Ҷһû뵽ħȻҲһ
ͬһʱ䣬ҶӣħĺɫĶԳֲ
綼𶯲
óӸʤһѾѹסɫˡҲǣסˣ޷Ҷ졣
ħ״¶Ц֮ɫûлҿλǿߡ
𣿡ҶЦһǿǿϢ͵شڱ
䣡飬ҶɱһȭݺݵغħϣɳȥѪ硣
ڰУҶȫ䣬ɢŴĿ⡣
ǿ߾磬ҶĲǿˣѾɱ䣬
ǿߣ
ԶħЩŵؿҶ졣
㲻ǿ֮𣿾Ȼ̤ǿ߾磡ħŵ
ҶЦһ˭˵ǿ֮޷ǿ߾磿
ħһͣϣǿ֮ȷߵͨеѶ̫ˣû뵽ҶȻɹˡ
СǱ̫ˣԲ£ħĿת漴ͺһϿʼڵƬҲֻɫĳ˵Ϣڲϵرš
ţ
ҶͫһЩ𾪵ؿϢħ
ôһ˲䣬ħʵȻôࡣ
˵֮ǰħʵȹλǿǿһĻôڵħϢ棬Ѿ֮ҶĹħǿˣӽǸ̶ˡ
дħɢĿֲϢޱȵаҶĸеһɷУ̲סһɱ⡣
ôָоҶһ
־磬ʲôӰǣ
ǻҶȻ̧ͷлϢ
ȻûнҶͻܶνܹظӦõ
ҳôãӦÿʼ˲Ŷԣôٳٲ٣ҶЩɻ
ӹӦܹӦǿ߾磬Ȼûнٻ񷣣ЩҶ֮ˡ
Ҷ죬ɣ
ʱħѾɱˡ
ҶϾˣֻħ
䣡
Ҷϣֲ֮ĵһ貵ĵâգնĺڰħĳƸסˡ
ˣħ廹ڲϵغˣȻһǳǿҲ硣
ôܣ
ħ𾪵ؿҶ졣
֮󣬾ȻҶˡ
ѵǿ֮ɾ͵ǿôֲ
ҵʵ𣿡Ҷ쿴Ŷ𾪵ħǳһĨЦݣڿжϳԼʵˡ
ĺվǿ۷塣ҶԼʵж
ټϻӣѪ棬ҶҲ޾ˡ
򲻹ɵˡ

ħԼ᲻ҶСһ֮
Ҷ죬ʶһʵħ˫Ĵգһֲϯ
ѿ֮ϣһƬӰ֡ͬʱһаĴֶ£ʼѹҶʵ
⡭ҶɫȻһ䣬оԼռѹƵģǱħٻشֲ̫ˣ֮˿ǿʢ
ֱܣ
Ҷг˲⣬ѵϣбȻĴ
Ҷ죬ҾףħȻҪǿĴңħһλʹߡҶʵѹƣħɭЦ
ħ磿
ҶħɻħʲôطΪʲôû˵
㵱Ȼû˵ܸܲ㣬㻹ǹԹɡħһЦ㳯Ҷɱ
ҹҶȫ߶ԼռڶԿħȻħȻҪǿ󣬸Ҷܹġ
ڴʱ֮ٶд١
ǻ
һ֣㿪ʼųħӰʼɢ
ûᣡҶйâ䣬֪ΪҪԼûᣬϻһʼֵħ
ͬʱҶһ棬Ҳʼʩչ


2140 
Ҷ̤ǿ߾磬Ҳһͻͬﵽǿ߲Σһǿ߻Ҫǿ󣬱Ͼõôı˰˰á
⣬Ҷÿη꣬Ҳһķʽ
ԣҶһеҲǿ౶Զǿв
¡¡
һչܷǳƴͬһӣƺƵǵأϯ
һܵҲʩչ౶
ʱһչ˲Χڹնڡ
ħҲУµѹʼѹħʵս
ͬʱеĳ֣ٶħʵǾ޴Уϵħ꣬òĵֵ
еĳ֣ħɫ䣬û뵽Ҷ컹ֲֿ
䣡
д
Ҷռ£ڱħ֮ϵӰʧˡ
ͬʱƺʲôл˸
Ҹոհ㣬ھҪжĥɱ¿𣿡Ҷ쿴ͷƤľ
ħһߣҪˡ
Ҷʱ˾裬׼ס
䣡
׽ˡ
Ҷ쾪ȵǣײǺҶ죬Ǻħġ
ħҽУ׵ǿƺرǳʹ
ףȻңѵΪҰ𣿡Ҷ⣬Źĺûᣬæϣ֮ϻ׻ɱħ
ħͱ׿ƣ˿ټϱҪǿҶ죬Ͼ¶ƣ׼ˡ
ȻһѹƣħٶȺѲҶ졣ο֮лڣħӵõ
ɣɣɣ
Ҷħӵһ貵ĵǺӣֲĵâɱħƼء
¡¡
Уһ׺ħħϢԽԽ
ҶƼӴ󹥻ȣħǱ
Ҷ죬ħ磬Ҳħ֪Լˣһ˫ԹĿҶ죬ŭҶ졣
䣡׼ըħħʵ͵ĺǼĲٿض޷֧ˡ
䣡
һ졣
ҶٿصĻӺǸ˺ɫģЯſֲײħú飬Ϊޡ
Ҷ졭ħ˻ţûķܵشѾֵסеǸڶ롣
䣡䣡䣡׼ħ꣬׹С
ҶҲȫ߶УħĻᡣ
գλǿߣҶͻֻɱˡ
¡¡
Уţһɸӿֲķ籩Ҫ١
ҶһûѹǸ˺ɫģһ̧ͷæιιιǲϵĺܺͱͷˣҷԺ㡣
ҶĻƺӦĻͣ
ԴϴλҶ촫Ҷ֪Լ־Թͨһϲæ˵Ҳ֪ЩħֹһҰǡ
֪ЩħʲôݣҲ֪ħħܼɵȻҲɱħ
ȻҶĻĻɢˣһҶС
ɱħɵ񷣣
ǳ̵ҶѾˡ
ֻҪЩħôͲٽ񷣡
˵ףԻԣħв
ΪҶռ̫СˣڤȲϣ˵ȡħͿֲˣǱȻҪǿĴڣԻв
ã죡
Ҷ˷ܵĴ
ӴԺڲٵĻˡ
ڻɱЩħһ֪ǺöҶ쵱Ȼ飬ûкͻףҲɱЩħ
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ɢˡ
Ҷ쿪ʼȫ߶ѹǸ˺ɫģ¶ȵĿ⣬һȲϻӣҲǽõҲǿʵ
˵ӱϾڴԺǴԺԺģҲúƤռУ˺ɫģԼĽˡ
ˢ
û˵ĽȻͬǿ󣬵ڻӺҶ֮£ǹԹԳˣҶ׼ʱٽ
ѾֻĽˣҵøϽȥ
Ҷ̧ͷĽķ漴ٸԺ


2141 
Ժ
Ϲ򻤳󷨡
ʱţԺĻѾ᧿Σˡ
ҶɱħϢûдΪϾ磬̫ԶˡңлڣħϢҲȥ
ҿǻͶɣǵĻ󷨼ֲ˶ˡɭЦ
뵽ԺͶҲҪɱǡ
Ҷ죬ŸԺʬɡ
ͶߣΣ
Ͼƹŭ
һڴԺڻָ֮ٶȽ󷨺ģԺԺһ߶󷨣
ֻһδν޴㾭󷨵ҲЩܵ˵ġ
Ҷһﵽȥؼʱ̲˻ӣԺ佭ŭ
û˵˺ҶϵܺãȻҶ졣
ϾǺҪ飬Ҷ첻ôò
һ°ɣ
˵
üͷһҪǿ㣿ġ
ڵֻҶܽǣĻǶɡģֻҶټɻһ㡣˵
壬Ǹ׸ҵʥ˲ָҶʥ˹ݸʥһʥ
һʥϾôãҲõ˲ʥ
лм֮ɫǰܵɣͱҶιһʥԷǳֵҩĹЧͼֵ
ô˵ϾϵҸסҶʥЦ
˵ͷ漴ʼʩչŲ⣬Ҷټ
һɫķĴд
ۡ
һ㣬ܵ˾ҵķɣѪ˵嶼ڹѿҵ˼㡣
ˣһæȵ
ҡҡͷҶʥʥָã㡣
ۣ
ٶܵɣ³ѺۣԽԽࡣ
ͬʱϢԽԽ
ȴ¶ϲ֮ɫҵķԽ˵Ҷǰǿˣ̤ǿ߾硣
ˣż
Ժ佭ȴǺȵҶ쵽
˶ŭص
壬ˡҶʥæ˵Ѿ֪Լû£Ϊб㲻ٵˡ
ҡҡͷЦһұ㣬ҶĳΪǿߣֻҪڱչصУֻҪ϶ԸӦĵʱͻˡ
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ղԪҡͷôܻбʥõıҩԺ˵𣿡
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ڴʱдѵ
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2142 ϵ
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Щ˵ϣѾ¶˾֮ɫ
ҶʥȻ˵λղŶѾ㵽ˣҸ׾ڻĽ磬ܹӦ㣬϶Ժǵġ
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2143 
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2144 嵽
Ҷ죬û뵽һһɣӶѪɫ񽣣ҵĽâնʱճӣֲ
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2145 ȥ֧Ԯ
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2146 
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2147 ʤ
ҶʹԺԺսλǿ߿ʼ·磬ϾֻǿߣʮܹչֳʵҲޡ
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Ҷ죬ùԺԺеĻӣҪȥħ棬ȴȻӦұ
ţô£ԺԺҲˣֹͣתͷȥͫײɵһ
Ҷ쿴Զħս̾Ƿ񰡣ǵʲôޣ
Զͻ֮󣬲ûߣǿʼȼԼ꣬Լսɱħ档
ħƲأﻹĶ֣ɱ
Ҷ죬ңħҺ
ҶȥԮѾˡ
˭ҲȲ㣡
磬Ŭô꣬ϧһд۳ħ磬Ϊıǽ졣
һµɣ

ҶʹԺԺ𾪵ĿУֱԱˡ
һλǿߵԱǳֲһǿߡ
㡭
ħĿͣ漴Ѫ죬ֱҪˣһȻԸԱҲҪɱ
¡¡
޴籩˷ϯȥ
ҽĴƬڷ顢ݡ
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䣡䣡䣡ϵؿֲںŻӣеҶɫһ󳱺죬漴ѪԺԺѾѪƲᡣ
ڻӵǣܵ˲ƣοħ档
ȵҶʹԺԺ֮ħѾըˣϵﶼըޣֻʣһĽħ֡
ħ֣Ҷɫһϳ
Ľִ˵ħħ֣ǿӦһԺԺ˵
ñҶӣħ֡
ߣȥĽִߣԺԺ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ʹԺԺһĽִ
ò˵Ľִʵ˺ܶ࣬ѾѪˣΧʮҲֻǿԱѡ
ϣ
ԺԺһԼո񽣣ֱӻһ
ҶӺ죬ס
ǵı壬סһ
ʣµҲ޷ΧĽִߣһһɡ
Щ֪ҶǴѳɣԲνս׷ƿˡ
Ҷ죬ɵòҹȻûпۣҲҵӣѴԺƴ㡣Ľִ߷˹ˬЦһ˫Ũüë£ޱ䡣
ҶüͷһȵƣǼеõĴԺģ
Ȼ㻹ΪԼ𣿡ĽִɹȻЦ
һԵĴԺԺԾԭǱģֻΪҶô֪Ǳ֮󣿡
ĽִԹЦҲû뵽ҶɳһҪΪ͹ħ嶼ǲǿѰҶڵ棬΢עһ£ŷҶ쵱ͨصĹĺڰħҲ֪ڰħͨغڰħˣ󶼳Ϊǿߣ˵ţǴԺܹŹ𣿡
ԺԺԻȻ漴Ц⻹Ҫлħأ
ԭˣ˵ôԺĪط˹ҶҲǻȻ
ĽִЦˣ͹ħ׷ҲҸˣһƽҸˡ
ҶȻһЦǰˡ
ĽִλȻһֱڰйע
Ҷ춼Щܳ


2148 ̸
߰ɣȻشԺĽִ˵
Ҷɻȥ׷ɱǿǵʵӦɱǡ
ԺԺҲɻؿĽִߡ
Ľִɫ࣬صѾӵ磬磬иԵϳǺɱǵġŵĻ㿴Ѫ֪ˣһ޹
ðɣȻȥ˵ҶԲ÷񣬵˵ͷ
ԺԺ˵ǰҵħ飬˵ҽǿߵʱٸҡҺҶ춼ǿ߾磬Ӧÿ֪Щ˰ɡ
ħ磡ҶԣҲǿҵĺġ
Ľִ߳ȥ˵ЩѾʸ֪ˡ
ҶʹԺԺٶԣһͬԺ
ûãǾͻص˴Ժ
ǿһԺ˶ǳΪ֪ڣ˭ҲκβǴԺ
Ҷ죬ȻǻˣҲˡ忴ҶЦ˵
ҶüҪ绹棿
磬Ȱѽʦ𣬺ٺ٣ĸһͨʵȻǻʦɡЦ
ʲôʱҶʵ
ҡͷҪһʱ䣬ʦ˵罫ЩҪҪҰæ
ʥǰҪæҶ𾪵
һԵĻĽִʥ֣ʱһ䣬Ҫˣʥ֪һλϵĽʵ޽࣬о鷳϶Ǵ顣
ԣ뿪ˣڣҲ¡˵ͷ漴Ҷǡ
Ҷ뿪ģʵнһһǿĽʦ緢ʲô飬ԱӦ㹻ˡ
ߣӦ̸һˣȻʱ¾ûˡ뿪֮󣬻ĽִߵޱأҶʹԺԺͽһý硣
ǰʲôҪˣ֪𣿡һºҶ̲סʵ
Ľִ߳ӣǳңᷢʲô飬Ҳò²⡣ֻҪ㲻ȥͺ޹ء˵˵ħɣ
ҶʹԺԺ˵ͷ漴ϴ̬
Ľִɫ࣬ҲΪǿߣվߵ۷壬ǿ֪Щλ棿
Ҷ쵱ڴ磬磬Ψһ磬ͨڤ磬Լ硣
һԵĴԺԺ˵ͷ
ĽִҲͷ˵˵Ķԣ˵ʵֻλ档һڤ磬һǻ硣ڤƹܣлƹܡֻ߸λ棬Ǳ磬Ψһ硣
Ҷɫһ𣺡˼ǣ߽ǰڻ磿
Ľִߵ˵ͷ˵ԣӸǻ顣ħ磬磬ħƹܡħ綼Ҫǻ磬ΪħҪɻߵĲΡˣǺħУûκĿܣǱֿȻһħɣǿߺͽ侳磬̶Ϊħūᱻɱ
ҶȻѹɱħõͬ
ˣǰڤħʲôͬҲ𣿡ԺԺʵ
Ľִҡͷڤ粻һȻҲ磬ȴǻǿߴġͺñҶռȵҶʵǿʱҲԴһռ硣ڤλ˵еڤʣпǺҶһҲǿ֮ߵ˽Σʵͨ쳹أƺȻǿֻû˼ء
ȻԺԺ𺳡
Ҷ˵ڤʵĴ˵һЩĽִʵۻ𣿡
ԺԺҲ˺棬ϾۣǴ˵е
Ľִҡҡͷ˵ǻţҲ˵ˡ
ʲô˼Ҷüͷ
Ľִ߳˵һţ˵ǻһɱ֮·ɢΪֻһ־ȴһ졣
Ƿ񣡡ԺԺ𺳣˻磬ȻԸɢΪ̫ˡ
ǿ߶Ըôοǵ˻ǸҪ̫ˣֱ޷
ֻСϢδ档Ľִҡҡͷ
ҶԼõĻ֮ӡǣӡǣпģڽĳɱ䣬ȴ
ϣҵĵǶģ
ҶֲõԤУԼϵĻ֮ӡǺӡǣǳļɵ


2149 
Ժһ̻Ի͵Ĺ֮С
Ľִ߿Ҷ죬Цϣ֮óҿ
˵ҪлǰѵҺϲҶһЦ漴óϣ֮
ϣ֮ѾҶǿ߾緢˴һչֲֳĵ⣬ռϢԱߵĴԺԺеһѹ֡
Ľִ߽ӹ˿ЦѵɻĹǶɣԺǣһħңһ͸ϣ֮ˡ
֣ѵǺֻ׻ȴѾܡһԵĴԺԺҲڹ۲ϣ֮Ȼɫһ䣬
ⲻǺ𣿡ҶҲ¶֮ɫ
ĽִЦҶŸոսǿ߾磬»ȥɽһˣȻûȡ޷ѵΡߵǿ֮ѵ̺ռԲŻӵ
ԭˣԺԺȻ
ҶЩԺˣɻɽ磿ʲôʲôλ棬Ҳ𣿡


ĽִߺʹԺԺԣǴЦ
漴ԺԺЦŽ͵ɽɲ磬Ϊǻ磬ħ磬ڤ磬ֻںɽڲ
ҶԵɴ۾ںɽڲôɽж󣿡
ĽִЦ򵥵ͣ㵱߳棬Ľһǻ磬ħ磬һһڻĽ硣
ҶԶʱˣû뵽Ƭ滹һƬµأѵиǿĴڣ̫˼ˡ
ֹ
ߣҴȥɽ磬˳ȡһĽִ˵ƿգҶʹԺԺ̤˽ȥ
ڿռ֮ͨУǴԽ˺ܳʱ䣬ŷǰͻȻһƬ嫵磬Լһž޴ޱȵľͨ쳹أֱ޷жô޴
֪жôߴΪҶվһƬҶ棬ԵޱȵС
Χ֦ɣǳĶ࣬˷ȥһĹžģ֩һ硣
ôһ
Ҷ첻̾
һԵĴԺԺ̾Ȼǵڶˣÿ𺳵ĸо
Ҷ죬ǻνĻ־ǣҲڵ顣Ľִ˵
ͬʱԺԺָһ޴Բιʵ˵Ǿ硣
磡ĽִָŲԶһž޴ʵ˵
ʵ޴ޱȣ
ҶоԴЩˣһУ
Ľִ߼˵ԭ߿Źʵֱ߽磬ֻΨһ类ħݻˣҲںϣֻʣŹʵˡ
Ҷпֹ̲ס˵ԭֻһϣһĹʵ档˵ⶫܳ𣿡
ܳԣĽִԹЦħڳԣΨһѾԵˣһ̳ˡԣǵ÷
Ҷħ
ڸ棡ĽִָͷϿ˵ɫǷָȥסˣһ뿪̫Զʵͻԣȫģȥ
£ԼҲֳһ߷
ҶʹԺԺҲԷֳһ߷磬һ߷Ҳǳǿӵǿߵս
ݣ
˳Ͽշȥ
Ҷ΢΢üƺ޷˲ƣ
ĽִЦǺɽ磬ûдûзֻк֮ͺ֮ͨĿռ䷨ûá
˭뵽һأȥԺԺ̾
Ҷ˵ͷԺɽҲǳ档
Ľִ߿Цû˿ԳȥǻҲȥΪһ뿪̫ԶǵͻŴʵôãӦÿԸӦõԼʵڲϵ½ΪѾ̫Զˡ
Ժ˵ͷ˵߷䵽ǿˡ
һܱǿ߾磬ΪұǽΪڻڣһ뿪ıӷΧǻʧȥȻ󱻺֮ɱĽִ˵
һԵҶȴɻǵʵôûָо
ܰɣԺԺ𾪵ؿҶ졣
ĽִҲһ漴ƺʲôϲˣǿģ뿪˻ʵȻҶ첻һҶԴռ뿪Ҳʧȥ


2150 ɱ
ԭˣôǲǿ뿪ɽˣҶʱϲ
ĽִҡҡͷѺɽ̫ˣɽź֮ͺ֮ǽ׽ɱʵУҲֻܼƬʱ䡣
֮ôҶ𾪵
ĽִЦֻҪȡһ֮ܰϣ֮ΣҲֻҪһ֮ܰϣ֮Σ˵֮ͺ֮
Ҷ԰࣬漴ʵҶȡ֮ǿ԰Щ׻Ϊˣ
ҪҪ֮Ҫǿߵϣ֮Ϊһǿ߾磬ǳɳܽġ׻ҪΣһܼ͡ԺԺ˵
Ҷһܼͣǵö೤ʱ䰡ڲŻܼͶѡ
Ҷȡ֮ϣ֮棬ǲǿϣ֮ʵҶٴѯʡ
ĽִҡͷֻҪһ֮ҲûáǽԶȡ֮Ϊÿһ֮ࡣеĻڣоŵ֮Ƕ죬ԺеĽ񽣣ĵ֮ѣħֶһ㣬Ҳߵѡ
֮ǲǺȡҶЩֻиλĺ֮жʱ˲²⡣
ĽִߵͷҪȡ֮ҪԽ֮棬ǳΣգҾһЩ룬Ҫȡǳ鷳ƻӣҲǺķ¡Ƚϣ֮ΣȻڵĺ֮ȡͿϣ֮ΪϾ죬ϣ֮ʺ㡣ԸĻַֻȡ֮ķĺ֮ҹֻȡһ֮
һҲ㹻ˣϣ֮ˡҶæ˵ϣ֮˳֣Ͼռ
ˣһħ֣ǷҲԴȡһЩ֮Ҷ漴˵
Ľִ˵ҲôħֵڻӣҲΣϵһֻΪȡһ֮ʵǻңħֵҲûҪ˷ѡ
ǺðɣҶ˵ͷʵϣҲ᲻÷ϵħ֡
̸֮ʣѾԶ磬ڵǿŹʵƽˡ
ڴʱһߴķ漴һӰԶ
Ҷ죬û뵽һССϣȻҲߵһԶҶ죬Ǳɱ⡣
УҶ΢΢ڵɲСҪӵжԿԴеܡ
Ľִ߿УߵУֻһѣҲֻһûҪ˷
һ˵ǿߺͽɽ磬ֻһΪ뿪Լ̫Զʧȥ˭Ҳҳ壬һΣգǾ͵òʧˡ
ˣںɽ磬ǵˣҲ˴ɱûκãӮˣҲֻԷһ߷ѡ
ĽִߣֻҪʶһҶʵô˵ŵһֻƽƽĸ߶ȣҵȻҪһˡ˹û˿η壬ΪĽִ߾̫ԶʣµԱȲϾܽ
ߣҪֹȡ֮ˣԺԺЦ֪ʵܶ࣬ȴܽħ˻Ǳ޳ܰ
ΣвмҾ۸ʵҺΣ
ԺԺ˵ˣ˼Ҷ˲ҪƤ˵ʲô
޵У
ȻˣʹһɡĽִͻȻ˵
ԺԺһ漴ҲЦеҶ죬λдһ°ɡ
ǷǳҶԴռʵҲήһ֡
ߣŪ飬Ϊһ£дҶ죬˵ȻǷҲ޷ӵĻӿɰﲻ㣬ƾһ½ǿߣҵҪжʵ
˵գһ̽׼ֱѹҶ졣
ҶĿб貵⣬漴𣺡Уֻһֻϡǽ죬ҵҲһֻϡ
ԲѣŭЦ
䣡ҶˣӡֱӺӡֲϯأһ磬ֱӽеᴩ
㡭ͫһû뵽Ҷʵôǿһɱ


2151 
һǰ׳ա
Ǻǣ
ԺԺͻĽִ߿ҶɱУʱЦ
ҶԴռԶʵҲ෴Զ磬ʵȴܶࡣ
⣬ҲСҶ죬ϾҶ˿ʵܹ񡢰ġ
̫Զһλ棬ǿߴޱȼҡ
пҶֻӺͼȡʤģΪҶ챾ʵֵһᡣ
Ծ˸ղŵ
Ҷ죡
ʱһϤķ
ҶתͷȥӰ˹ˣǺ񡢰񣬻йĿ
Ҷ۾΢΢һУЦҲдһ£
ߣһ֪ԼʵҶ죬ȻҶ졣
ҲҶ죬ϾǹǿߣйȻڣҶΪ˽Ҳ޾塣
û뵽һ֮ǵСӣȻߵ˽һò˵Ҷ죬̫ҾˡҶп֮ɫ
񵭵ЦҶ죬ҪţǿɲǸ׳գǿ֮ɾ͵ǿߣҲܷȫʵǸ׳û뵽ǿǷǳ
ˣȻһһ١ҶЦڹǣֱ񡢿׷ɱзǳˬ
֪ǰֻһ߷ɱҲûʲôãҶ¾Ҫˡ


Ľִ߿ǣ˵ȻҶд裬ʲô
ǰǿɲϤҶ˵
񿴵Ҷƣ΢΢ЦҶ죬ˣҪ㻯֮ĶԹȻҰڹǣҲ˵õǹǰݵǿ֮·Ϊճɾʹ˻ԣҾã֮ĶԹһʹɡ
˵ɣ
ҶЦұƽ˵ᣬָ׷ɱң޽ǰ֣ˡ˳ޣȴÿ𣿡
ߣҶ죬㲻Ҫ̫ˣվֻһǿߣҹɲ㡣ŭ
ҶƳһۣñҿ㣬Ȼڡ
һŭҪ˵ʲôȴϡ
Ҷ죬ԩԩ౨ʱˣǹҲ㣬ֻǾûҪηˡңĵУǹǹħҲУȫԽ˺漴Ҷ˵
ҶԻȻ˵˵ȥǹҪԸС
£ҶЦҵĶԹ󣬿ڵڹõǿ֮֮·ķϣҿԲƽ׷ɱҵ顣ǱɱɵģǹҪսҲ⡣
Ҷ죬㲻ɣ壬ҵҪɱҡŭǿߣȻҪϣҶǰ
Ҷ죬̾ϢҶ죬ֺαأǴԺĵ˿в٣ٵǹ壬Ҳáúÿ°ɣǶһѺãǶһ˺á
˵꣬Ǳת뿪ˡ
ҶĿȥ漴תͷĽִߺʹԺԺӦòǣԺɣҪҪԺ
͹飬۴Ժ
ǺǣǴԺԺľǴԺľԺԺЦ˵ǻ˼֧Ҷġ
Ľִ߸ǰмǹ͹ħ𣿵ڵʱǼǴԺĵӶҪͿǴԺĵӵǵĵǶҪڰбǴԺĵǵĵ̣ǾѴ̡ȻˣǴԺҲǡ㲻üɵǣɱɱ뱨ͱ𡣡
ǺǣҶºܸж
ǴԺûѡ
ηһϵ
һ̣һϤǰ
޽Ľִߵɫʱ۾ǰֵߡ
ҶҲϳ޽޽û𣬷ЩԨԴЦԭ޽ǰ
漴кͻĽִߡԺԺһ£ǵĽš
Ҳѹǽţ޽ϵĽ֮һʵǿĲ˼飬ڻǸ
Ǻǣ޽Ľִߵ˵ͷڴԺԺֱˣϾ˵ԺԺʵ̫ˡ
Ŀ⣬תҶ죬Ц˵û뵽ܹɹߵǿ߾磬ϷҲˣȻӦŸ߷Ϊ޽ŵĿ䳤ϣôǿ֮Ҳ޽ŵ̫ϳϣơ
˵գ޽Ҷһöơ
Ҷ˹
öƿԿҴѶͬʱҲжλܣҪһԵ޽˵
һԵĻĽִߺʹԺԺɫ𶯡


2152 ɽ
޽ĻҶ𾪡
Ҷ죬ʾã޽ƷвˡĽִ߰Ҷ촫
Ҷ쵱Ȼ޽˼ǳΪ޽ŵ̫ϳϣôԺ޽žһĽˡ
޽ţҶҲ˽һЩŸ߷壬дʦ°ܲ޽Ҳûϵõ춼Ʒֵÿ϶
ˣҶû˿ԥƱæ˵ܹΪ޽ŵ̫ϳϣҶĳң޽ҪҶĳ岻ݴǡ
Ǻǣпȥ޽޽¶Цݣ漴ĽִǴк뿪ˡ
Ŀ޽ȥҶ˶˷ܣϾһλϵĽʵǿ磬ܹ޽ģҲָ
һûаĽִ߹Ц
ҶЦ߰ɣȥȡ֮
˼Ϸɡ
úǿһڵľ޴Ѫɫ֦ңԶĺɽԱߣһƬҵУɫľ޴Ƭ·ĳֶըһ
һɼаϢŰ
Ҷɫһ𣺡Ǿħħ𣿡
Ľִߵ˵ͷ˵ЩɫƬΨһ类ݻٺƬΨһǵֵħ֣ϧΨһ类ݻˣҪֵˡ
ҶԸоѹݻˣǸúȥδӣѵҪħū
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ˣи߸ӶţڻֲǳеΡԺԺҶ˼ɵ˵
Ľִߵ˵ͷҶ˵Ϊ˵
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ǾǺɽ磡Ľִ˵
Ҷ֮лָʵȡ֮
ȡ֮סҪ룬һֱӦΣգ˳Ľִ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ǰɽ磬ĽִߺʹԺԺҪ֮ͣȴ
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һ֮͹ϣ֮ΣˣҶ첢ûмȡ֮
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ҿķսԺԺʵͱЩź֮ɱˡ
ȻԺԺȡ֮ʱҲֻΧҶô롣
ʵϣҶ첻֪ǣĵطѾЩŸ̤ĵط
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ӦǺ֮ɣҲֲ̫˰ɣҶ쿴óԾѡ
һ֮оԼǿˣµҪԹȡ
䣡
ͻȻһ֮Ҷ߳
áҶɫһ䣬һ̫֮ǿ߷µֵס£Ҷٺˣɽ硣
ЩԶʱ˻뿪˺ɽһ֮ͷˡ
Ҷû룬Լȡһ֮˻ȥˡ
Ľִ߼״ʱЦô
ȡ֮ˣˣҸղſһ̫֮ǿˣҾȥҲδؿȡҶЩµ˵
ĽִЦ֪СӲ֣϶˰ɡ
ٺ٣ҶڨڨһЦ
Ľִ漴֮ôȡģȻҲֻоŵ֮ˣҪȡ֮ǽó壬ԽȥС̷ǳΣգǻǣҲǺķ£ȡ㹻ĺ֮
һԵĴԺԺ˵ҶԴռʵڴ˵زҲȡ֮һЩ
Ľִߵ˵ͷ漴Ҷڽ֮ǰ㲻Ҫȥȡ֮лӣûҪôðա
֪ˡҶ˵ͷ


2153 
ȡ֮Ҷ˱㷵ػĽԺˡ
ҶչؽԼȡһ֮ϣ֮УĽִĺ֮ȡ׼ϣ֮һΡ
ڴԺԺչˡ
ǧٸԪתۼҶڽ֮ϣ֮棬ʹϣ֮˺Σٴǿ
Ǻǿ󰡣ˡҶ쿴еϣ֮Ծ
ⲻΪϣ֮ãΪϣ֮ǱռģҶԴռĴʼˣϣ֮ʼռȻǿ
ĺȻ̺˻ҲҶռǿ󡣵ǲǻĴʼˣǵĺҲͲࡣ
Ҷ죬ɹ𣿡
ĽִߵӦҶĳء
Ҷʱ˲ƵĽִߵסͷɹˡ
漴ҶóԼϣ֮
Ľִһϣ֮Ƭ̣漴̾Դǲһĺǿ̫ˡ
ǺǣҶЦЦԵú⡣
Ľִ漴óӡĺ֮Ц˵֮ȡ
ãҶһϲæչ֮
һ֮ϣ֮ǿһ֡
ȥںϰɣڴϣ֮ϾԴ϶ĽִЩڴ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ź֮˲뿪չء
һչصʱķʮԪŽ֮ϣ֮档
Դˣϣ֮˽ΣǿˣѾԽ죬Ҷоеħֶˡ
ﵽʲô̶ȣҶ޷㣬ֻܳȥһĽִߡ
Ľִ߿˿ϣ֮ҡͷѵ̺ռҲû취㣬ɣͬ߶ϣ֮ħңʤ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ͻĽִ뿪ԺԶĻ֮ʩչ
֮УħҵѪɫҶϣ֮һ𣬽ʤ˭Ҳκβ˭
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Ľִȴ𾪵ҵħӵĵ֮ϣ֮֮ǵȴ൱
ʲôҶԣҲˡ
ͬ£ϣ֮ħǿ
Ҷ̲ס˵Ҫں֮ôϣ֮Ƕӽ
ǵġĽִ߸пû뵽ԴĽȻôǿ󣬿ϧǿ̫֮ˣȻ߶ѡ·
Ҷҡͷ·̫ˣҲǾһû취ơңҲ֪ôܴﵽ硣
ܻа취ģϾ㶼ɹǿ߾ˣŽҲѲס㡣ĽִЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴˻صԺ
Ľִ߼ȥչ
Ҷûмչˣϣ֮ѾΪΪȴǱչؿģ׼Ϣһʱ䣬˳˼νĵ·
ñ˰Ȼˣڤһı˰ˡ
ңԼһ£ʮϰ˰ܽ硣
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ԶһϤФ
Ҷ쿴Фȥôʱ䣬ФѾʦˡФѾﵽ۷徳磬Ҿ벽ǿҲԶˡ
ԴӺսФ޸ԺĻ󷨣еõ󷨸ڣФ޸Ҳܿ죬ϾΪǶˡ
ʲô𣿻޸𣿡ҶЦſ߿ФԼͽܣ⣬Сһ
ҶͽܣڤԨ̣ҲֻԴ۷壬߾綼ṳ̂룬ޣⱲӹҲֻ̤߲ΣҪǿˡ
СФлǿ߾ġ
Ҷǵδڴ
ʦҺʦ£Ѿ޸ĲˣϣǻĽŪФЦ
ΪߺҶ죬ФﶼǽʦĿУҶĵλ߰ɡ
Ľ綼ûϣҶȤʵ
Ф˻֣ڰ۳Ʒ˵һǹϵʯҲʯҲ˴ԺϣֵǰǴõĹطûСһǻĹۣⶫʦӦ
ҶԣʱȦˡ


2154 ǰ

ʲô
Ҷû˵
ڻĹۣҶ쵹˵ǣÿһͷĹֻһۣ˼һ
ȥɱĹҶҡҡͷûôĵӣĹžһʵ̫ǿˣҲûмǻĹžһ塣

Ҷ̾˿ЩؿǰФΪʦܰûбĶ𣿡
ʦܹģˣΨǱƷФҡͷ
Ҷû󷨻ָʲôˮƽ
ǿ󷨵ĻԵֵǿߵĹ֮ǰĻǿˡФ˵Ͼ֮ǰλʦˮƽߣҲΪԺľ޸ˮƽޡ
ѾܺˣҶЦɣƷҼˣлõٴ
ʦϣҾȫָ󷨣ǻָǰˮƽФЩ˵ʱֻҪһλǿĳǣʮλ塣ǻĽִǻھԷԳֶδؿԹơ
Ҷ貵⣬Ļ󷨾ȻǻԲõģӦòдȻˣϻҪõ
գҶФһ취ģúȡսǿ߾硣
ǣʦ𣡡Ф漴ǡ
ĿФȥҶЦҡҡͷҵλӻǸһ⡣
£ҶϵĽִߺʹԺԺǷ֪
λѶҲ죬֪
Ҷʱ±ˣԺԺ֪⣬ϾԺԺ½ǿߣʶ϶ĽִߣĽִ߾Ȼ֪
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ȥ޽ĽִٶȴѶ
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Ҷ찵࣬û뵽ôģѹټ
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һ˰һɣ޽Űɣϵϵң缴һ飬ҲҪæ޽Ѷ
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ѵĹϵҲڻбøι̣ȻҲֻһֽԼˡ
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οԺûʲôΣлĽִߺʹԺԺڣӦκѣȥ紳һΪԼıһ¡
Ҷ漴СҶʥԼϵĻԭʯиָ׻ЩԼûõģȫǡ
춼Щ֮Ҷ춼͸ǡ
⣬Ҷ컹ʮ˰
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һУҶͻĽִǴкǰ졣
Ϊͨͨ
ǰĻĽ磬Ҷֱ˺ѽڳȥԴں֮󣬽ڵķǿ౶ǿѾû취ֱӻƽڣΨһЩõ
Ҷãں֮λøˡ
ҪǵȵҲںˣôڵķ¾ǽҲ޷ưɡ
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ͬʱΪһ壬Ҳܹеǿߣֵħ֡
¾ġ
ֻǻȻô¾ħĴ־ͲԶˣҶѹܴΪ֪һսǳֲǿߺͽ¶䡣
ˣҶֻڴ֮ǰ뾡취Լʵ


2155 ۻԵ
磬ѧԺ
Ҷ֮߳ͨ󣬶ʱŸ߷°ɵЦĻ죡
Ÿ߷ЦҪ˴ʦֽǿ߾磬ǿûôٶȸϹӭ㡣
ŶϲˡҶ쿴°ֶԷȷǿ߾磬ֻʵˣȴԺԺһЩ͹Ŀࡣ
°Ҷ죬Цͬϲͬϲǿ֮Ϊǿߵĵһˣ˲š
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Ҷһߺ뿪ѧԺǰ޽ţһߺʵнǿ߾𣿡
°ͷҶ̤磬˵ˡ
ҪСˣϴΰܸ㣬һֱ㣬׼ϴˢءһԵŸ߷ٺЦ
°Ҷ˵ҶֵʵǿӦòȻֻҶʵǲǱѹɣ
ţΪô˵ҶȻûиоԼʵѹˡ
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ǲõˣ
ҶЦ˵ҵʵûбѹƣߵǿֿ֮ѹƶҲá
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޽̾Ұ֣ЩҰ֡
Ҷ˼ص˵ͷĺǱʥȥˣʥ޽һһλϵĽ
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޽ͷǺܿ£ͬʱҲ˻ԵϾ۶УܹǵĶ˭Ҫ
ǰǾ֪еۼ󷨣һУɾͳˡҶ˵
޽ЦǰᣬѾʧˡϢȥ綼ˣҲȥҰ춼ʬǴˡ
ʲôҶһ漴ʵʬħʬ𣿡
޽ҡͷûм˵춼ǱħʬһìɱǸìҲûп
ɣҵۿħʬģȻֻһģӰֲֿϢҵڶˡҶµ˵
޽ЦǾħʬʬҲõģΪһΣеĴй͹ħ壬ǿһֽȥԻۣôҲ޾塣
Ҷ԰࣬ôǿһǻǿֲʵ֮еʲôܹôǿߣ
ɵ۵ĻԵ޽ԭƽ֮УҲ˳ȵĹâ
ɵۡҶԻһ
ڿȷڽ֮ϣһۡľ硣
˾磬ôܲˣ
۶ûɵۣȻڽ磬ֻʵǿһЩˡ
޽Ŀȵһɵۣǽڻκɽ硣Ҫǣһǵ˳ɵۣôħͲв֪ħΪܹǻ𣿾ΪħһۣĴۡ


2156 ֲ
ҶԳԾħһĴۣǵһѹħôǿֻܹ硣
ѵǻûг𣿡Ҷ̲סʵ
޽µȻۣ֣Ӧ֪ͽл硣˻ȻΪŵЩ顣ڻȹ֮󣬻۱뿪κɽȥˣδ顣
絮֮ͳֵģǲ²йأҲ̺˳ɵ۵ĻԵԵȥҲȥһΣǿ׼ֽȥһΣһᵱеʲôܡ
Ҷ۶ȥǲûгɵۣԵĶܻʧˡ
޽ЦôΨһû̽ĽأΪģҲҪȥһΡοҲõ˳ɵ۵ĻԵǲɱĵ·
ҶĮȻ֪޽Щ磬ڽܾˣһ˿ɵ۵ϣǶ
ȻҶԵҲܺ棬Լһ˲ҽȥǿۣȻĺûᡣ
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޽Цһһ񣬵Ҫʮ˰Ż㻻
ʮ䣿Ҷüͷ漴˰·ߵҰݰ鷳ǰ˵˰Ǿˡ
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𣿡޽ü뵽ԼҪҶæ̾˿ðɣҰʡ
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޽ɫʯݸҶ죬Цİɣȷǹ˵ġ
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޽֪ĹžһͷĹͷϻĹʵ൱ͷСĹžҲʶǺųƻ۵ǸСһ⣬Ĺžһ廹λųϣԼʮλǿߡ
˻
ҶԵһ
ȫһް԰
ѹֻôţıû츳˭Ҳ
һ㣬ҲԿʵжôˡ
һĹžһ壬ɨĽҽԼ綼ڻ¡
о챳޽ľŸоλк޽ʵ൱ĹϽ
ڰУʧǿͥ֯
Ҷֻоˮ̫ˡ
ңںˣй͹ħء
뵽ԼжԵȺҶ쿴޽ʵǰ֪͹ħжλǿߣ
Ⱥص̫ˣǰŽڣҲ޽ҡҡͷ漴չֳʵҵϾһ¹á
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ǰлڣĽ԰Ⱥۣû˻ĽҲͲֵһᡣ
ѹϴκսôĽʵҲ̫ǿ˰ɡҶ찵뵽иҪʵ


2157 Լս粨
޽һϯ̸Ҷ˽ˡ
ͬʱǿҲҶгѹ
ұ뾡ﵽУ뿪֮Ҷ찵뵽
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ֻΪУǿ֮ɾ͵ǿߣһΪʵԱͨĽҪǿһԾΪŽ
ʱϴԺ󷨣ҶͲ͹ħ󳬼ˡ
Ҳ޽ԣεĵ֮У˵Ҳһ޴ĻԵҶš
ڳɵۣûôҰģǰĿ꣬ǳΪ
ڵ֮ҵ

޽֮Ҷ°ִŸ߷尲ŵĽӷᣬ޽ŵĸ߲㶼гϢҶλε̫ϳϡ
ͬʱҶִϢҲⳡ˳ȥ
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ϾҶ粻֮ǵһǿ֮ɹǿ߾ˡ
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֪ҶΪ޽ŵ̫ϳ֮󣬸Ҳ֪Ҷ첻ˣϾ޽ʵǺǿģ޽Ҳ

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Сˣ׼֮Уǵ󰡡Ц
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ٺ٣βǿ̫ˣһȺһǿߣºѻ뿪ᡣߵ
ħôʱǿϷͺáЦ

ħ塣
һڰű֮У̧ͷ޽ŵķɱŰҶ죬û뵽㻹磬ٻŻȥˡ
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ҲӦˣҶǿ֮ɾ͵ǿߣȻںɽʵҲֳһˡ
зǳŭԴܵĳ裿
Բ̣
ᣬиҶ׼֮ء

ħһ¿Ҳ˵ҶִϢɵø̾һתۣһﶼΪǿˣĲ󰡡
𵱳ڳʼ£¿Щ˼飬ԼȻһδǿΪУ鰡
ҶûаҲڡ

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۵֪ҶִϢ֮󣬶ʱ߳չصĹ޽ŵķ򣺡Ҷ죬ҵܾˣ˵Ҳǿ߾磬ҲãҾͲ۸ˡ˵ǿ֮Ҳʲôƨǿܹ֮ǿǻĹһ츳һսһӮ
գ۽һͷĹž˵׼һս͵޽ȥҶ졣
޽ŵ޽ɲǰҶ޽ŵ̫ϳϣûбҪǲҪЩ鷳ĻĹžҲһǿߣԸô˵
ߵ޽ţֻҪԼսҶ죬ĵһĵһңǲս޽Ӧòֹġ
Ǻã͸Ϲȥ˳̽һҶʵͷǿ߼ĻĹžʱŻ۵ս뿪ˡ
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ȻҪΪƣϾȴӮˣǻĹžһƾ͸˲˲֪ˡ
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ǲãΪǶԻ㹻ġ
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ΪǴƽģûʲôǿѪ츳ȴǿѪ츳ͱ۸߶ˡ
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ŻԼսҶϢ
ˡ
һЩƫԶطǿߣʼ޽ţ׼ۿһһŵ۷Ծ
һЩǿߺͽǳȤ׼ս
綼һƬڡ
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°ҡҡͷʾԼ֪
Ÿ߷ʼ磬ҪӦս
лĹžһʹ߽٣˵˻۵ս顣ʱ⴫һ
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˵գҶ߳
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2158 
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ӺȻ۾һС
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ڶӵҶ˾һѵ񵶣֮˫Щۣоһǿĵˡ
˵ߵǿ֮ռɵ⻹ǿ°ӶʱûԼ̽Ҷ
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ҶЦ˵ĿŴУһս֮ѵҪӭҪǻ°ܽˣǲǵð̧ȥӭǻĹžһϰ߶ô𣿻ҵ°ܽҲսңȻŪ˴Ķ֪ˣΪϴΰܸ޳֮

һԵŸ߷̲סЦ
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ŭȵҶ죬츳ѪȫѣĶ֡Ҫս飿ԣȴҰɡ
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°ȴɫصѵĻĹǳ£ȻҶҶֺģҲұ֤ܹսʤۡ
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2159 ֮
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ӰҶ߻ۺ󣬻۳Ƭ̣漴˵޽ţҴӦҶֻҪӮңҵ۾͸ˡ
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æҡͷɲô˵ֻòһ򣬾һֶע̫ˣհ
ˣ߰ɣһԪһȥ޽һս۰˰֣漴߽׼
ȻԼţϴΰܸҶ죬˵ʲôҲٴˣ뱣֤Լ۷״̬

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Ҷ죬ǻۣ˶ûгҲû϶˭˭ӮΪ˶ǿţվĿе۷塣
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۷ţѾӮѾվ˵۷塣
СӾ˵ҶţЩʵȷƵǿ֮һ֮У겢վһ壬һʦʥ
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ʥѣΪĹһѪΪǿߺǵ壬ԺһĽ⡣
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2160 н
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ѾˣҶнⱬȵҶ죬ˡ
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ৣ
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ɲҪϴô⣡Ҷ쵭һЦ漴ϵƤΪʯʣҲһʯͷˡ
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Ҷȭӭȥײ졣
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һЩǿƽΪ֪Ҷͻֻڱ˴̽ûʼԾ
ˣֳʵҲˡ


2161 ۷Ծ
ҶֺȻԺͻĹӲӲ֮У忪ʼЩģȴҶܾ塣
ԱߵĻʥһ߹սһЦ˼ȻʯϹֵġʯ˾ˣټǴԺġԼġս塷ѧڻͨʹǿ󡣡
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ʥǻһϹʵڲ֮£һֱ޵ˡ
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˵ڣ
²ҪƤǹħЩҪǿ϶вڡ
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Ҷ֡ԶУ忴һĻɵôʧɫ
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УҶʩչŽУ޴û۵һǣơ


2162 
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ˣһΰܸҶˡ
Ϊ֪Լ޷ֵҶһ֮



2163 ù
۵һ䣬ڳ˷ڡ
ˣ
һ۷Ծˡ
ʱĺܿ죬˲ûʧΪⳡԾ̫ˡ
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һսϢ˵ȥʼ硣
𶯡
Ҷһսһ磬һЩûսĽˡ
ΪҶͻ۾ǵڶۡ
Ҷ죡
Զ֮Уе򷵻޽ŵҶ죬ɫǳأҲԽɵˡ
Աߣ̾˿ϧˣһţǴˣƵķĿɳ𡣵޽ţһˡ
󣬿ɫҶֳʵ壬ҶϣӶӲ
ε֮УһҪԾ󻼡䡣
УصĸҪô֣ҪôһɱԲҶ췭̵Ļᡣ
˵ͷͬĹ۵㣬Ȼ˫ĿɳǾͳҶûнǰɱԾ󻼡


2164 
޽š
ҶصԼסչˣóʮ˰תϢѸٻָ
ô˰ǹؼʱ˵ģȻصƣǻҪ̫ʱָ
ϾҪˣҶûôʱ˷ѡ
ָ֮ҶͰѴӮĺɫħˡ
ħ߱񽣣֣Ҷ֮󣬴еõϢ
ѽ֣֪Ըģħ͹岻С
ֵõһһĽǲа
Ҷ쿴еĺħ߱񽣣Цݡ
ͻ۵һսûа״򣬲õۣõһջ̫ˡ
Ҷлӡϣ֮ħ֡ħ߱ļһϽҲġ
ϾһĽҲֻһָܹ
οҶĽеٮٮߡ
̫ҲãѽõģýʺϡҶ춢еĺħ߱񽣣ԥš
룬ǲҪѽֽȡеĺ֮Žϣ֮࣬ǿϣ֮
ֻǻĽִǰҸ˭޽𣿡ҶЩԥȻ޽ˣǱϾദãζȻûôߡ
ǵ޽̰Ľǵ޽ڳȡ֮ʱ򣬲ģһ֮Ǿʧ̫ˡ
ϣС֮Ⱦ֮ɣҶԳһЦ޽ȼĽںһ֮أ
Ҷȥѯһ¡
£Ҷֳһźħ߱ȥ޽
֮ԱȥҪΪˣˡĻƺõô죬ɵӣҲܹµõвٱ˰

֮УҶóħ߱񽣵ݸ޽
޽һºħ߱񽣣漴˵ͷ̾ǰѺýںߵ֮ӦóһλŽʧˡ
ǰÿԳȡ֮Ҷѯʵ
޽ɻؿҶ죬ȵҪϵѽôĽ㲻ӣҲʹõ磬ȷҪٵ
ǰõġҶЦ
޽ԲȰ˵˼Ƭ̣˵ҵԳȡ֮
Ǿǰæɣ֪ǰʲôҶһϲ֮ѾԤˣΪֻء
޽ЦЦ˫ȻˣС»ҪʲôȻֻҪ֮ôǿԻһַʽ
ŶҶ¶ɻĿ⡣
޽ЦѶʹ˷ϵ̫ϧˣ㽫ңñĽֽ⣬֮㡣Σ
ҶЦҲá
˵ռˣϾüȡ׬ˡ޽ЦǺǵ
Ҷû⣬ֻҪ֮ڽʺģõġ
οҶ첻ȱ

޽Ķܿ죬óԼǰҪдӱĵطȡϵȡ֮Ҷ졣
Ҷ֮ȥչˡ
֮ǰ㣬ںĵ֮ҵϣ֮ӦûᳬԽӰɣ
Ҷ찵뵽
־ƺܣΪҲ̫˰ɡ
ܿ죬ҶѺ֮ϣ֮ŷԼ̫ˡ
Ϊϣ֮ںһ֮󣬾û취ںϺ֮ˡ
ϣ̫֮Ҷ̫ˡ
ϣ֮֮ѾҶļˣһ֮Ҷ̺ϣ֮ռͳܲסˡ
ʱϣ֮ͻ᳹ըˡ
ҲƵ֮ҪԼʵСҶ첻ɵÿЦԼ̫ˡ
ٴһ֮ϣ֮Ҳ࣬ǳӽħˣӦýڶˡ
Ҳǰ׷һ

Ԫתۼš
һ죬ҶڱչϢʱ޽Ժ
Ҷ죬׼ᣡ޽ֱӴ
Ҷһʱ۾ֹͣ
߳չ֮أҶ췢ֳ޽֮⣬ǿߣʵһǿߡ
޽ŵĵǿ󣡡Ҷ찵п
޽ųҶ죬Ц߰ɣѾˣ޽žҲóˡ
ǰģҶ˵ͷ漴޽
漴޽˺գҶǰᡣ
ͬʱأһǿϢ˺գᡣ
֮ǿ֣𾪲ѣ׷ڲ²ⷢʲô顣
ε֮Уֻǿߺͽ֮䣬ײûʸ֪ġ


2165 ۵
ᣬһء
磬˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱֵģһֱڣ·絮֮ͳˡ
صĵᣬһֱ˲²ⲻϣഫ
żһЩ˵ļһڵΧŹ⣬ЩǿߺͽֻҪȥֻ·һ
ǣΣգ߶ڵɳ
Ϊȥᡣ
Ϊ̺֮˳ɵ۵ĻԵ
ۣһϵľ磬Щ˵ջ

һ죬λǿߣʮλظֻΪһ̽ᡣ
ڵۼʧЩ˵Ψһһ̽Ļᡣ
û˻糬Ľˡ
֣Ҳ˰
˻Եܴ
֡
֣

ΧһӰƿնʱ
һֱ̤ĵᣬ˵֡
λǿߺʮλһСС壬ڵա
Ҷ޽Ҳ˴˵ء
޽һò˲ĿϾ޽ͷ̫ˡ
ȻҲв˹עҶ죬ʵǲǰҶһս硣
޽ϼһٵˡ
޽ž㻹ٵ

һӰ޽ǰ
ҶһΪЩ˵аλʮλǿߡ
Ҷ죬ЩǾˣһˡԱһλ޽ŵǿ߸Ҷ͵
ҶȻ
Ŵ󳬼ɣ޽֮һ˴ɣھ˸ɡ
ǺǣλҶСѰɣ
پǿ߸ҶкϾҶͷܴ󣬶ʵҲǿ
ҪǣҶǱ̫ǿˡ
ǿ֮ɹǿߣֻ˻ۣ϶ǿǿߣΪǿĽΪڶۣ˭С
һЩҲҶкҶЩܳ
ʱʧǿߺͽԽԽࡣ
ҶһοôǿߺͽֻоǿߺͽòֵǮˡ
ͬʱҲܵĿֲôǿ߱СĿ
Ҳѹ߿硣
Ǻǣְ
úһϷŰ
תͷȥһȺƿնɫ׷һ䡣
ǹħˣҶԱһλǿߵ˵
ҶĿȥҲϳȺǹħ壬ϾһС
Ҷ죡
ҲҶ죬ҧгݣŭ
Ҷ𣿡ǰһͷ߿Ҷ죬ĿޱҶܵ˾޴ѹ
ħ
޽ҶǰԶߡ
ǹħĺħҲеʦһλϵĽӮǰѺħ߱񽣱ǰĽ޽иҶ촫
Ҷ׶ԷΪ˵Լԭеʦ𣬿ҪԼͽܳͷˡ
Ҷ찵裬õȽҪСĴˡ
һλϵĽҶֻӣҲұ֤ܹס
Ǻǣħþò
ʱ򣬹һȺҲˣúħĿҶ
սħΪ׵һӣ¶Ц֮ɫ
͹ħУ˫һ¶Ե̬
˶Զ˵أԶ֡
ȻǶ֪͹ħڴϾδ̽ᣬսġ
ҪҲҪҵɵ۵ĻԵٶҲ١
ְ
һɳƵ
һ̣飬һȺͬһ㣬ǳŶӽ
Ϊ׵һλһλԪ˧ֳսìĿ罣ɢһǿϢ
Ҷ찵ԾЩ̫ˡ
ͥˣԱ˵
ͥĵԪ˧ºպǿߣһλϵĽ˾
Ԫ˧
Ҷ𺳡
ȻеԪ˧ǰ϶ҲеһڶԪ˧ͥλŽ
Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣ
ѹֵۿͳһ磬ǿµҲôǿ󡣡
෴ңˣ˴һԺû˵ʲôˡ
һ˾ѹ磬۶ܸ˻Ҫʲô¡
λȻˣǲǿʼȥˣ飬һ
漴Ӱ˽
壡Ҷ쿴ʱһϤӰ塣
ʥΧǿ򾪺
Ҷ֪ߵǸ꣬պĻʥ
Ҷ죡尵Ҷ˵ͷʥ;첻һϵģûйк


2166 ܹ
ɻʥǣͷͬ⣬ʼһᡣ
ϤĵΧҶǰչ֣һƬ̵ƽԭɭȻɭֲ춼ʳ
Ҷ쿴ϤһĻɵ뵽춼λ޽ŵĽ֮ǰӦ춼гһհʬǴ޽ţ޽Ѿˡ
ǵ춼ʳ춼ǸϼһҲ֪ʲô裬һʳͬԼҲ˵ᡣ
ҾãǷʲô
ǳɵ۵ĻԵȻǲô񡣡

һЩڽ̸š
ǶɣôĽôǿߣˣҲ޾塣
һ̶ȣһѹ
ֻҶ챣־裬Ҫ֮еΣգҪ͹ħ塣
Ҷýָͷ룬µ϶ڼƻԼ߲ᡣ
ҶҲڿǣλɱУǺǡ
ȻҪɱԼҶ쵱Ȼ飬óֵʱҪ֡

˲û춼ʳﵢ̫ãԽ춼ʳǰǿ޴ʯǰ
ʱΪ󷨵ʧʯñ˳ֹҲ¶ݡ
Ĺ
һ֣ۡųصѹڳ˽ͣһ
۵ԣҲӳ˹Ħ
۹Ȼ˵ء
Ҳ֪Ƿᡣ
Ӧýȥɡ

۷׷ס
ûϽĹϾڳΪҲǿߣкܶǶǳ
ᣬ漰ۣ϶Σա
࣬ҲС
գһ£ǲһ˴ͷ
ͷˣʵ̫̫࣬ʵҪɳ˽ȥ㹫ƽ
ɳǺԼλǿߣħɳСĦ¡ٿǿߣŴ󳬼ҲɳǿߣͥҲˡ
⣬λɢ޽ȻǹŽʵڽҲ
Ҷ죬һҪ𣿡޽Ҷѯʵ
Ҷ΢΢˼һ£ͷá
ûǵһãȻһΣգǻĻҲ󡣷ĻȺŽһȥʲôôֵõ
෴һҲλɢ޽Ҷӵлӡϣ֮ħǿĽЩ
ԣҶѡһ롣

Ĺ޴ɽŨģеľ
Ҷһǿ߽УһóԼסԼɫأ־衣
Ҷ;ǿߴһ𣬲Ҽħ֣ϣ֮Ҳʱ߶״̬
ԶвʱƳĿ⣬Ҷܾ衣
䣡
ȻһӰŨ֮ɱնеһλǿߡ
λǿߴһͷֹֻһ벽ǿߣʱ߶ɱ
ֻһ벽ǿߣû뵽Ĺ֮лλǿ漴Ц
Ҳ˹
ףƺеϤ˿ϮߵĿ⣬˼
ϳˣѧԺĳһһҼǵõвǿҪΪͽֻᣬӴʧ
Ȼ˵Ĺ⸱״̬һֻһȴΪ˰벽ǿߡ

ǿ̸ۡ
Ҷչһ£ִ˺շǾ߿һüĶŻ֮ӡǣֻûзְˡ
ֻһС˼ǰ
˵ǰܵĹҲԽԽࡣ
ҷˣЩǵˣǰᣬӴʧˡ˻Ȼ
ƺĳֶˣڴػĹ
Ҷǰ벽ǿߣҲǿߺͽɣҼǵõвǿߺͽʧٰ
¶֮ɫ
汻ˣ˵룬ٴܵ˹ҹǵĶǿߵһǿߣǿеĶ
֮Уһǿߣͱɱˡ
н֣ŽЩǿ߼Ŀܻɱ
ڳ˸Ӿˡ
ð˳ȥ֪ͨˡн˵Ȼɳλǿ߳ȥ֪ͨ
Ȼǿ߼ĿܶˣôĿܳҲԶˣǲҴ⡣
ѾˣʮֲϢͻȻֳֽ֣ɱ
ãǽ¶֮ɫ
ڳλҲΪ֮ɫ䡣
ʵ̫ͻȻˡ
ôĽܣȻһ֣˵һ޴ѡ
¡¡
﷢޴ıըֲϯ˷
˶ڳֵ֣


2167 Χɱ
ʮλĿֲ֣̫ܳˣڳλԵֵ⣬ǿ߶ܵ˿µѣв˵
ϾܹҶԵֵǿ߷ǳ١
ǣҲǿŽŵֵȥϾӣս
ֻнס·ǰ󲻵ӣֻ
һĶ飬ʱ䡣
ҶųӣסԱһλ޽ŵǿߣҲߡ
̫࣬Ҳ޷ֵֻӵ
ھЩǿߣҶɹܲǣϾޣܹ޽ŵλǿѾܲˣ⻹ǶԷ
ңʵ̫ˡ
ҶߵƬʱ䣬ʮλǿ䣬ôǿ䣬Ҷе
Ĺ̫Σˡ
ѹֱΪһء
Ҷ֣л֮޽ŵǿмؿҶ죬ղŴˣʮλһ֣ǳʵֲ̫ˡ
ҶĻסͱɱˡ
Ǻǣ޽ŵģض񡣡ҶЦЦԵλǿʵҲҲӵһͼͻûñȡԷһǿ߻УԸͲˡ
Ҷ֣Ǹղıӵģۻܣɻ
ҶЦղҸͻΧ˭֪ʲôط
ô죿ƺͨѶҲѹƣ޷ϵ۶ʱݡ
ղŵĿֲ֮ѾĹΣճ̶סˣʵûԱİա
ѡһԭأȴ޽ǡһǼǰߡҶ
ԳƬ̣˵ǰ߰ɣﲻǺǡֻǰصǲпϹǡ
ҲôõģҶЦ
˵Сǰȥ
֮ǰʮλĹҶҲҴ⣬Ϣǰɡ
䣡
Ҷǰ߲ãһ˺ɫìŨ֮ɱݺݵشҶ졣
СġҶһ߶ӣס˺ɫì
ͬʱҲóԼĽԴ
ԶŨ֮УӰ¶˳
СĦ¡ٿݵȹ͹ħǿߣһλɢ޽ǽҶ۰Χˡ
Ҷ״ͫ׶ʱһ
񣡡
У
Ҷ춢ǣɫޱأУȻߵһ𡣡
ʵ̫ˣû뵽ΪеĹ͹ħȻɱ
Ҷ죬˭츳̫ˣҲòְЦ֮ɫ·𿴵Ҷĳ档
Ҳ˵Ҷ죬Ǹᣬϧû¡
Ҷɨһۣ漴λɢ޽˭ǲʶΪҪɱң
ʶ㵱ҽ棬ɱ˵ʶңλɢ޽Į˵
Ҷʱһ˾ȻϴθͶݽһλ
Щء
Ǵа
Ӳֻһսˡ
ϻˣɱɣ⡣ЩȲؿڵ
˵ͷ漴ҶԵۣ޽ŵģȰԹ뿪޽ϣǿԷһ·
֮𣿡۴ŭ˵Ҷ֮ǰһ͵Ҷ޽ŵ̫ϳϣҲܶ뿪޽ҲԼһء
֣Ҷ쿴ۣ߰ɣ
Ҷ֣㣿ɻؿҶ졣
ҶҺ֮ĶԹ޽޹أȥ޽ͣҽǣȥǡ
ߣԲѣŭЦ
ҡҡͷ̫ˡ
ڵ˶ôλɢ޽һɫ
Ҷ֣㲢սɣģûôӡ۳
Ҷ״΢΢һ̾
ԶԱһǿ˵ȥס޽ŵλǿߣҪ֮ս
ţλǿ߶ʱ˹ȥɱۡ
ˣΧҶ졣
Ҷ죬ڣһЦ漴óһҶɱ
Ҷ߶ӣؿУħ߱񽣲̫Զˡ
ɶǻһϣԱŭħ߱񽣱Ҷߣһֱеĳ衣
ɱ
ħĦ¡ٿݵǿһɱ˹ȥ
ȹǿҲһ
λɢ޽ҶĻӣг̰֮ɫĽǻϧǻԴ߶ܹӳ
䣡
λɢ޽֣ǣסҶĻӡ
Ҷɫһ䣬߶ħֳ֣ϣ֮ɱ


2168 
ƶҶܲĻӱɢ޽ǣסˣ޷ס
һˣҪԺʮλǿߣлǿе۷ǿߡ
ϾЩˣһҶ죬˶١
ɣôǿΧҶһˣҪҪˣԶǱǿǣסۿҶʱƿŭ
ԹЦܿܣôķϻµȺ˲ҲΧĹžһҲΧʲôɲɣֻͺá
ޱ飬ֻɱҶĹԽԽǿ
һ棡
Ҷһʱųһ棬ʼѹڳ˵ʵ
ҶǷųУǵʵ
ҵʵѹˡ
꣡˫ѹƣ


ΧҶǿ߶ʱɫ䡣
Ҷɫصһǿ֮ǿţѹֻۻ㣬ʵ̫ˡ
ұʵˣ㶯ɱʡҹζࡣд
ǾԴ߶ɱҶ죬һȫս
ҶʱܵΣ
Էڶ࣬ʵһֶǺǿҶоѹܴ
ͣ
Ҷ챻һѪ
ڳ֮УʵǿҶв
Ҷ춢źϣ֮ɨȥ貵ĵâϯء
ͬʱҶʩչ֮ɱ
ͣ
ܴѪ
ȻҶ깥깥ӰΣڳô࣬ʵԷ
С깥ˡ
֮ɫ䣬һС֮ʱҲڷԼܵ
ϴҶͻһս֪ʵ͵ƣΧɱҶ죬ҲһЩ׼
ֻжԱߵĦ¡ٿ˵Ǵ߶סˡ
˵ͷ漴߶ȻͷҶ깥ֶΡ
Ҷɫһ䣬ĵƳױˡ
Ҷ죬ͻһսѾĵƱ¶ˣһɡɭЦ
Ҳѵÿ˵Ҷ죬̫࣬ûǿĿɽעҪ䡣ϧҪǵԸǹ壬ҲͲнһĻˡ
ЦǺǵ񣬱ˣСӻ֮֮£ҾҪΪͽǿߣȻԸ⣬ˡ
ҶضǣΪ֪עᱻҳԽûʸΪͽ
ͨ졣
񵭵ˣ˵ٶ඼ûá
ԣһҲûҪˡЦ
ǿ߼ɱҶ졣
ҶԽԽء
Ҷ죬ɣпҶܵش嶼ʼѣʱɱ
㣡Ҷ貣ɱˣԸܵ˵ĹҲҪǰɱС
㡭пҶӣʱһ
䣡
Ҷ챬ռµӿֱӽе䱬
ؼʱ̣Ħ¡ٿɱסҶ죬Ȼоˡ
ͣ
ҶȻЩɱУҲܵ˵Ĺ˵嶼ѿ㱬顣
Ҷ죡ڲԶ壬ŭؿҶ죬Ȼ㱻Ҷɱˡ
ҲޱȾ裬ҲҶǰȥɱҶˡ
ĦҪƴĥҲܹĥ
ۣ
ʵ֤˵ȷġ
ҶԽԽأʮλǿߵĹҶҲסˡ
˺ҶǱ鼸Σҿħֺϣ֮ǿĽס塣
Ҷ죬ˡеЦóҶϢԽԽ
Ҷ죬µȥɣҲ¶Цݣ壬ҶıԴܴأ޷סǵġ
ۣ
ҶѪɣеϣ֮ǰ貵ĹâסǰһĹ
أħֱɳȥȻ󱻼ǿ߲ס޷Ҷ졣
Ҷ죬ɣʵ̫ҪֻɱҶˣҶѾǿ֮ĩˣʱٴɱ
Ħ¡ٿݼ״ɵüҲûֹϾҲҶǵ˼ˡ
䣡д߶նҶ졣
䣡һ˲䣬Ҷⱬ䣬סС
һǿϢҶϯ
㣡дʧɫ
Уҿ㣡ҶЦһֱȼձԴǿݺݵغϡ
пûлǿʱҶ䱬塣
Ҷϣ֮ɨȥסҪԮĦ¡ٿݵˡ
ݣһǿջñӡɱȥеɱĻᡣ
ڳ˱һĻˡ
ôΧɱҶ죬ȻҶɱһˡ
Ĺħǿߣˡ


2169 
Ҷ죡
Ħ¡ٿŭ
оȻˡ
ڳ˾ˡ
˭뵽Ѿߵ޵Ҷ죬ȻǿƻɱҶ졣
ۣ
Ҷɱ֮Ҳܵ˵Ĺȼ˱ԴҲڴѪϢԽԽ
ȻղǿƻɱеһĻҲû˸ҽӽˡ
ɱһˣҶϣ֮ĨǵѪҺͷЦ
Ħ¡ٿɫǲоˣǸеһ
Ҷ죬ȼձԴߵ˼ˡ䶢Ҷ죬˹
˺´ʱҶ죬ȴ塣
ʵǿղžͲµҶȼձԴ׼һˣûмųȥȥ̽
Ȼ¶ˡ
ԴҲֻȼһΣҶôأѾ޷ȼձԴˡ
񣡡
Ҷ쿴ĺɫޱء
һҪǿˣǿ߾ߵ۷塣
Ҷ죬ȥɡ
һʱѾˣҹζ࣬һ޽ǸϹˣɾ޷ɱҶˡ
ʱһУȴûɱҶ죬Ǿͻ᳹׳ΪЦˡ
ɱ
иɴ࣬˵־Ͷ֣ǳǿƣҶ췴Ļᡣ
䣡Ҷϣ֮סĹȴɳȥѪ硣
Ҷ֣Զ۽ĺ
Ҷ죬Ҳн죡Ħ¡ٿƺϣҲźɱ
ۣ
ۣ
Ҷ첻Ѫ񶼵סοĦ¡ٿˡ
ԽԽΣҶϢԽԽ
ǿ֮ĩˡ״ڷ˾裬ҶҪˡ
ɱĦ¡ٿִ߶ɱ
䣡
ҶϺȻֲϢϣ֮ɨȥһƬ貵ĵء
ʲô
Ħ¡ٿһ
Ҷ̧ͷеϣ֮ԽԽ貣һɿֲռŰƬ𶯡
Ϊǿ֮ĩ𣿡Ҷ쿴Цгһ˰
Ħ¡ٿ˼״ʱͫһ
ΪǵķϻҵѾڱ˰İ³׻ָˡҶЦһϣ֮նޣĦ¡ٿ˴Ѫ
ֵҶĹҶ죬б˰㻹ֶܼãһֹ
һϣĦ¡ٿŭ
ΧǿٴΧɱ
Ҷû˿η壬ֱӭȥеϣ֮Ű
Ϊֻʵ𣿡ҶЦһʩչžŹһ֮һɸǿϯ
⡭
Զλɢ޽ɫһ䣬ӦҶʵǿ֮࣬˿ˡ
ôܣ
Ҳ¶֮ɫ
ҶЦһһĦ¡ٿ˵飬ѪɣʩչջñӡĦ¡ٿ˵ɱ
ΧΧҶǿߣҲҶɱˡ
ǿƵһĻڳ˾ˡ
һֱʵŭޱȡ
ҶɱЦ֮ǰλɢ޽̫Ҿ㱬ʵҲɱ̫ˡ
ͷһ
Ҷмƻ
ǲתͷԶλɢ޽ǺҶôãȷбҶԶλɢ޽
ӣ
˿־ˣɢ޽ȥ
Ҳӡ
ϧˣɱ㣡Ҷ쿴źıӰҡҡͷ̫ǿˣ޷һɱ
ܹնɱħλ۷ǿߣѾҶˡ
ɱУҶǳ
Ҷ׷ɱʣµǿߡ
ֱλɢ޽
䣡
Ҷ߶ӣһαӿֲܣɢ޽Ժ·硣
һԿˡ
һǿߣȻڶԿһƽȻ·硣
ʵѾԽ̫ࡣʣһħǿ߾ֵ
ҧŭҶ죬صͻһսûбȫ
ЩˣܲһЩʵҶЦǿߵսкͻ۵սûչ־žŹһ֮ΪıǸԼһ޴ĵƣڹؼʱ̷̡
ʵ֤ȷģȻҲڽȡôջ
Ҷ죡
ҧгݣ־ŭ
Щ벻ͨҶ첻һǿߣһûãΪʲôôǿ
ѵǿ֮ǿߣעΪǿеǿ
ӡ
ҶһӴ߶˼ޡ
ŰȥƬշڡ
λɢ޽ɫء
ӣǼһǿڷӴܣ޺޵صһҶ죬Ҳˡ
֪ʵҶ죬ǲܱɢ޽ɱġ


2170 ܾ
𣿡
ںɢ޽ԺҶ죬ߣЩź
ϧˣûɱ´κ϶費ѣҪɱˡ
ܹɱħλ۷ǿߣҶеˬϾˬħܾˡ
⣬͹ħͨǿҲʧأһشʧ
Ҷ죬ɱôǿߣǱؽΪжȻʵȼֻҪŽ֣ɱɡ
ɢ޽˵
ҶĮ߶ӣһɹǿϯȥɢ޽ɫ䡣
Ҷ죬ҸһᣬǣΪеһԱһʲô壬ǹħ壬ٶԸ㡣ңһ类ħ繥ˣҲܹȻһվ۷塣ɢ޽Ȼ
Ҷɫһ䣬Ŀ⿴ɢ޽ǼǿһҲͶħ磿ѡħĿܣ
ɢ޽ҡͷЦǼôܸǱȣͶħ֮ǰǿߣΪͶħ磬ħİ³ΪǿߣֻܳΪħˡǲһǶǽѡħǺħƽȹϵġ
ƽȹϵҶЦǶĽһħɵǾͻ磬䵽ǿ£ʱƾʲôħǿ߱ƽȹϵ
ˡɢ޽Ц˭˵ħҪɻʵֻҪҪɾųɻˣҪųɡħ˵ҪʧҪΪĸӹаǧһħĿģҲϣΪеһ֣Ӷ׳󣬶Ҫǲļֵۡԣʱܹǵľ粻ήͣңǻͨħʵ
Ҷüͷһǵһ˵ò˵Щ
Ҷ죬ǰɣԴռΪǿߵģڻ֪νɣֻҪǣռΪħһ֣ͿԽħɾͽ֮𡣡ɢ޽ջ
ҶҡͷǧԴռԸԿҲҪ·ҳħÿ𣿡
Ѳ㻹ռԽԽħˣǲܵģΪۡɢ޽ɫһ䡣
Ҷⱬ䣬ţһ죬һġ
˵գٶԣ߶ӣϵغɢ޽
Ҷ죬ڵģɢ޽һת뿪֪ԼκβҶ죬ȥҲֻͽ޹²ԸҶ
ҶҲû׷ȥڵʵ޷ɱһλǵԼС
ολɢ޽һĽҲǽеǿߣѪǸ
Ҷ죬Ҵ۽硣
ʱԶ˹̾ͲŵؿҶ졣
ʵ̫ˣΪҶҪ䣬û뵽ҶͻȻȻɱ䣬պĹħ۷ǿ߶Ҷˣ񶼱ҶˣһսҪǴ˳ȥ綼Ҫڵġ
Ǻǣ徲ˣǼ߰ɣҶЦ
ţ۵˵ͷһҶհӣϾҶʵǿ̫ˣʸʩ
Ҷ漴ǰ档
ǴܣʱڣӦû˸ˡ
ǿ֮ɾ͵ǿߣǿֲҪǵȵ磬ܹ޽ᲢۡӢ䣬ǰţ޽Ҳһɽ
۷ں棬һ뵽
Ŀ˸ղŵһսҶͶأҶĻһδɾͲ
Ҷ죡
ǰȻһϤ
ҶתͷȥһͷǱŨ֮з߿Ҷ󣬶ʱһϲɫ
壡ҶҲ¶Цݡ
㣡һЦҿǱشߣһһŭӣп㣬Ȼûв´
ҶƲ˵ǱҲǱ㲻ǵڶô£
ɫһ䣬ǽӵǴϢ󣬾Ͻģȴû뵽һ߿ֲħʬλŽֶĶ֣нһ֣ŽشȻЩȥ׷ɱˣʦҲȥˡ
Ҷͫһ뵽춼ᵽħʬ۵ʬ塣


2171 ֲħʬ
۵ʬ壡
ҶѴ춼˵֮ʱ𾪺Ͳ˼飺ѵôܣôǿ󣬿ɱȼ
һ˲Żʬ壬춼Ʋ⣬пǽĳɱ䣬ȥ壬׼ȥľ壬ȴǣΪħʬҶҡͷ
ɫصֽ͵ĿԺܴǾħʬǳǿʦҲƲǻһ˵壬ΪֻдﵽǸŻǰǿ󡣡
ƾܻܼλŽ󣬻ȫʢʱڣжôǿ󡣡Ҷһпڻľ
ͷѾԽ˹Žʦ˵Ѿﵽ˽ļޣֻѾ̤һƬأʮλŽ֣ǻǵĶ֡
ʲôʱǲ̤Ǹ簡Ҷڴ֮ɫг˿
ЩĽؿҶ죬˵ҵ·ܳ㲻һǿֻ֮Ҫ̤Σ϶ܹȼŽҪ˶ñܹﵽ۵ĲΡ
Ǻǣô̤ģҵڶûͷҶһЦҡҡͷ
ǿ֮õ˰Ǵǿ߾硣Ʋ⣬Ƶмʮ䣬ϰ˰̤Ρ
ڴﵽǸ𣬿Ҫǧ˰
ǣһż˰Դ㣬ڤʮ˲Ҳֻмʮ򣬲һ˰ѡ
Ҳ˵Ҷôڤ磬л硣
ǣʵڤ
ڤϾʮλӡλ㣬Լһٰʮλǿߣµ֮⣬⿿Ҷһ˿
ԣҪ˰ȥ׽磬Ҷעõ
ֻѡĵ·
ɻһʽȲ˵ᱻ񷣺ɱҲʹħɻٶȼӿ죬粻
ˣҶֻı·
ϣĹ֮лһЩջ񣡡Ҷ쿴ŨĵĹֻܰϣڵĹˡ
һλ۵ĹӦòʧɡ
ߣҲȥЩ·ǸȥӦûᰲȫܶࡣҶ˵
û׷׸ȥ
ڻصŵĹǰ
ǵ룬ΧŨԽԽϡ¶Ĺʵݡ
һ·ϣҶҲǿߣҶûнӴ˴ˣ߸ģɡ
ߵ·ȥ·𽥳һЩϵĽʯݡʯһЩԺ䣬ưܵĹ㳡ȵȡ
ЩżΪʱ̫ãЩѾ绯ˣûʲôмֵĶǿյġ
ǴЩͿԿó
Ҷ죬㿴
ȻָŲԶĵһ̯ڵѪҺ
ЩѪҺѾɿݣģѾ̳ʯͷޱȼӲ
ⶫܴˣ۽֮Ƭ̣
ħʬѪҺû֮ǰܹһλǿ߻
ʲôһеĺʯͷ
Ҷù˰Σͫ΢΢һɫص̺һǿҪըشһλǿߡ
ٺ٣ãǶһ㣬´սʱ򣬳ûȥ˵ܹشˡЦ
Ҷ˵ͷЦעⲻϲ
оЩ尡Ȼ˵ѾѺʯͷˡ
ɣƳһۣæȥ˼ʯͷ
ҶҲʮʯͷ
Ҳһջûаһˡ۹Ц
߰ɣȻѪӦþǰ档Ҷ˵
漴ǰ
ú½ּѪһЩʯͷ
¡¡
֮дҵ
Ҷ˶ǿߣ˲͸Ӧˡ
ߣ
˶һۣæӿٶȣǰȥ
Ƭ̺ǿһȺΧһͨɫħʬսǳңвٽˡ
Ҷ˶Զҽӽ
Զսʵ̫ˡ
ÿֲ𾪵޽ħʬһķɣͥĵԪ˧ħʬеĳì㶴ħĺħħʬһ߷ɡ
֮ħʬֲ̫ˣŽĶ֣ԽԽĽˡ
ħʬҲڲϵˣΪڳĽ̫ˣʮλֹħʬҲòܴ
ħʬԽսԽƲ֪ƣһ㣬ս졣
һڽΧȻκβħʬϵرȥ˼λ
еǽںħʬҲһЩһЩƲأӶ˳ս
ǿƵħʬҶľ


2172 
䣡
ǰսԽԽңҶ˶Զսҽӽ
⣬ԽԽǿߵҲҶһԶսҽӽ
Ҷ쿴Ƕˡ
Ҷ죡
ԶĺҲҶ죬֮жʱ˺⣬ϾΧҶһսǹʧء
οôΧҶ춼Ҷ췭̷ɱʵ̫ˡ
ǺǣӺʹ㣬Сĵ㡣ԱЦ
ֻ˵ҵʱڳһսһλǿߣ㹻۵ˡҵĻǹħ壬۷ǿ߶ˡ
ɱúã̲סЦ
Ҷ΢΢һЦħʬƺ׼ͻΧˡ
ǿȥҲע⵽ħʬж
ǵĹԽԽǿңν϶Ҳҧ󣬸οЩǿĽ
ħʬȻǿ󣬵ʮλĹ£ϵ˺ҲԽԽࡣ
ʱħʬѾʼͻΧŵĹȥ
һڽŹħʬ׷׷ɱȥ
ҶҲصں棬ûҲûԶ룬һΰȫ롣
úһ޴ʯǰʯǴ򿪵ģһƬŨʲôҲ
𣡡ħʬվʯǰ׺ݵɨһԶȺȻ̤ʯڣʧһƬŨ֮С
ȥˣ
Ƿ˹Сؿǰʯţ˭ҲûȽȥһǳ
Ͼ˭֪ʲôΣգοħʬҲȥˡ
ô죿нüͷΧĽ
ʯЩ죬ײ̤룬Ҿǲһǿ߽ȥ̽̽·룬ҲҪ֪ʯʲôһλ
ԣ˵ͷܺãܰȫ
λȽȥǿߵİȫͲЩĿ֮ˡ
Ϊ棬Щɲһǿߵ
˭ȥн˵
ʱҶӦһ˫Ŀ⣬ʱӭĿȥǹħĹŽħ
ҾǲһЩĽȥҲûã˵ϾˣҸǿһĽȥСλԴԺҶ죬ǿ֮ɾǿߣʵǿޱȣ÷ħ˵ҶĿ֮У˷ڵɱ⡣
ʣѾ֪еҶˣ׼
ʱһڽĿ⣬Ҷ쿴
ħ޽𣿡޽ҶǰɫĮضźħеĽɢǿ
޽վ޽ŵˣαΪǹħ壿ħ޽ʱɫ
λŽԳ֣˲Ҳ졣
һڽڿϷ
޽ŵ̫ϳϣ޽ŵˡ޽ضźħԥ̬ȼᶨ
ڸղţѾ֪һС
֪Ҷۣҵ֪Ҷʵ޽𾪵ͬʱҲȷҪҶ޽Ϊ޽ԺĴɽ
ԣԹħĺħ޽ҲվΪҶͷ
Ҷ֣İɣڣκβ㡣Ա߶Ҷ˵
Ҷͷл
ɫ䣬ԶĺħԷǹŽʱκβ˶ԷֻؿŶԷɡ
ָоܲˬҶѹһ
̤磬ؽһսҶ찵뵽ħĿޱ
ʱĹŽս˳߸źؿҶ졣
޽αأҾúħܺãҶǿǿ߽ȥŻ̽·ս˵
޽һ徹ȻҲˣ͹ħվһЩ֮⡣
޽ûзվҶǰԹսҪҶȥȴӮ˵
˵գ޽ǿϢϯڳλɫ䡣
ǿϢ
޽ǰǿˡ
еĹŽǿ󰡡

һЩۣƺ𾪡
ʦ𣡡ѾʥԱߣ
ʥüջǿϣվ˳޽һԹս͹ħĺħλǻµĹŽˣɱǲһǿ߽ȥɡĻΪɱʵҪβħʬ
뵽ħʬĿֲڳһü
漴ͥĵԪ˧Ҳ˵ʥ˵Ĳһǿ߽ȥɡ
˵գֱӳ֣ȺһСɵǿץ˹ӽʯڡ
λǿǿһŽ޷
һЩǿ߱ŵúˣЩûпɽǿߣ׷׺ˣе뿪Ĺˡ
ڴʱʯڴһ찡ҿʲôһȥĴۣд۵ĴУ


2173 ޱ
ʲôд۵ĴУ
нʯڴĻʱĸߺһ̱𣬳ʯš
ȽȥһλǿĽ俪Ƚʯš
¡¡
ħĺħ˫Ŀ죬߶λǿĽƬ
ħսһҲ߶ƽʯš
޽ʥ˷׷״߶
ͥĵԪ˧Ҳڴ߶
ЩŽǣȫˣһʯš
ĽǵĽܺɱһʱʮλ
ʣĽڳʯš
ˣǶ𣿡Զľ
Ҷ˹ɫصΪ˳ɵۣЩȻҪˡ
ҸеЩ֣ʯгɵ۵ĻԵǸӽȥǿΪҪ˵Լȥ᣿ɻ
ҶǱħʬһǿ߲˽ȥ
ô죿Ҳ˹ʵ
ҶЩȥ˵ڳȥֻ·һ
۵˵ͷΪǿвٽˡ
ǼλŽˣ˭ҹǸɱˡ
ЩŽ˴Щɵ˭ҲȽȥΪȽȥˣͻܵλŽֹ
һʱ䣬ǽʯŴ
λħʬڣɱħʬֻдҺܵõɵ۵ĻԵʥ˵
ħߵҪ˭Ƚȥһħʬڸɵ۵ĻԵȽȥ˸أ
ҷ½һͬ롣ʥ˵
޽ͷãͬ⣡˵գȷ½
ʥҲ֮½
λŽͷĹŽԥƬ֮Ҳ׷׷½
һʯš
ʯŹ㹻ɼλŽ롣
ЩŽȥ֮ĽҲһʯڡ
Ҳȥ˵ãõ˳ɵ۵ĻԵǾпһԾԽѵõĻᡣ
ȽǶʯźǿ
ò˵вǿͬǷ׷׽ʯš
ҲǿûнȥһЩԴǿߡ
塢ħͥȵȣǵǿ߶ûнȥ
ΪǵĹŽͽڣٽȥҲûãѲǻԼҵĽɵۻԵ
ߣ˭֪ûΣգûкôαȥ
ֻЩɢǿߣһЩСɵǿߣȥ
вǿ߽ʯš
Ҷ֣ղȻ޽ţôѡ񣿡ͻȻ˵
忴Ҷ죬ʵҪҪȥʦ˵ˣҽȥûãǲҪȥĺá
ҶȴЩɵؿԶʯţѵûзʯŵ𣿡
ʲô˼üͷҶ졣
ҶǷʲôҲʵ
ҶָԶʯţ˵˵һӽȥǿ߷⣬ȥĽЩǿ߶ûٴ
ȷˣɫһ
𾪵ѵʲôΣ
ҶôĽȥˣʲôΣҲһ仰ûд
гɵ۵ĻԵҶᣬ˭ɵô²
Ҷҡҡͷгɵ۵ĻԵЩǻᴫЩǿأ޷ԵѵһĬعսҾãҪгɵ۵ĻԵǿ϶ᴫǿ߽ȥӶңǶȡԵ
еҲԣ˵ͷ
ü⵽ôأ
˵кܶ²⣡ҶпʯڸҲпЩȥˣʲô󷨣ˡ
㻹׼ȥ𣿡忴Ҷʵ
ҶҡͷҲûôɵأҪгɵ۵ĻԵͱ۶ˡңôĽҽȥѵܺ᣿ˣڻǿô˵̫ңԶˡ
Ǻǣܹͨã˵ǽʵʣҪʲô翵Ĵ۾硣˵ͷǳͬҶĻ
Ǿ߰ɣЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴һʯţת뿪
ҲвǿѾʼ뿪ˡ
ˣΪǵҶ鷳
ת֮䣬Щǿ߶뿪˵Ĺʼء
һǿ̤Ĺʱһ޴Ĺסˡ
˲һЩ뿪ǿ߶ע⵽ˡ
áתͷɫһ䣬ʱ
ôܣ𾪵ؿ󷨡
Ҷɫ䣺ۼ󷨣Ȼڡ
Ǹγż
ҪˣɫأʦʥҲ档
ҶĬôǿ߱棬𶯡
пϴƣʱ١


2174 
ۼ󷨵³֣һЩ뿪ǿĪѸٽϢȥ綼ˡ
ôǿ߱УһЩʧ̫ˣԸıľƣøĵϴơ
һʱˡ

ҶǴʱѾ뿪ᣬվڵ⣬ǰǱΪһصĵط˵ɫǳء
Ҷ֣ҵøϿȥˣû޽ŷǳΣգþ쿪󷨣رɽš۳ͬʱѶϢ޽ĵӸϽعɽš
޽ȻĳֻһλǾ޽
û޽޽ǰĵˣ¾ͻˡ
Ҹһȥ
Ҷɫ޽Ȼܾһ֮ȷ޽ŵİȫС
̫ˣһϲҶʵĿùȻǿ߾磬ȴܹһǿ޽ţ޽ŵ󷨣޽ǡ
壬أҶ쿴塣
ЦҺ㲻ͬʵѹɣûҲﲻ㣬׼ػĽȥεޱ䣬Ҳ֪᲻ӰĽ磬һǻȥһ»ĽִҪá
ҲãҶͷ岻ǿ֮ʵѹɣİȷ
ˣҽȥͽФҶ漴뵽ʲôĹۺ͹ݸ塣
ãҲûԭ򣬾ϡ
˫ͷ뿪
Ҷ۸޽ţϻػĽ硣

޽š
Ҷǻ֮޽ŵѾ׿û߽˭Ҳ
ͬҶĦ󷨣ҶͣҶ˽
ֲõģĲƣѾǳǿһУԵֵŽĹһš
Ҷ˵ͷ޽ЩŽѾ֪˶¡ǵ츳ãǾôʱĻۣҲһΪǿʦ
Ҷ֣Ϥһ󷨣ʲôĿҡ˵
Ҫܷӳǿ޽ų޽֮ѾûнˣʲôţǾҪҶˡ
ҶͷʼϤ󷨡
ٲٿ󷨲Ҫ̫֪ʶҶ۵İ£ܹܿ˳زٿ
Ҷһ߷Уסչˡ
ռҸν磿
ҶϥĿ˼
ӴʼԼռ
ǰĽǿǿǿ֮·
ҶѾΪǿߣʵȽԼ޷
Ͼǿ֮ҳɹΪǿߵģ˸ơ
ֻҶ˺ܾãûͷ
ΣҶֹֻͣ㣬˷ʱˡ
缴ңҵʱ䲻ˣұþʵҶ
Ȼ޷ôҪˡ
Ҷ뵽˻ۣ΢΢һ
۵ȽټѪ츳ʹӵбȼʵҶ˼
壡
ΣҶйâһ
ԽԼΪ壬һʵһ¥
Ҫ֪ҶʹþžŹһ֮ʵѾԽͨĽټϻӣܿƽ
һͻƣ壬ʵƶܱȼѪ棬㲻ŽҲܹڹŽ±ˡ
뵽壬Ҷ뵽ԼѧЩ幦ʯ˾ս塢ħȵȡ
ŹȻǿ󣬵վǰ˴ģұԴһԼ幦
Ҷ찵뵽
磬Դѣ걦Ĺġ
ֻǰʱķռ棬ûоԴ
ų幦գҶԴҲ׺ܶˡ
ͽС塷ɣ
Ƭ̣Ҷ֡
ڴԼ幦һܹ۵ĵȼ硣
ò˵ҶҰĺܴ
˷֮Ҷ쿪ʼԴ
ܿ죬Ҷʹ˵һ㡶塷֮
Ҷ촴ڶ㣬ȼٴ㣬ȼߵ
ȴĲʱҶķ˲ʱ䡣
ȼ磬Ĳġ塷ѾȼǿߵˣǶʱڿԴġ
Сʯ˾ħ塷ս塷ŹսҶںķһ֮ڴˡ塷Ĳ㡣
Ҷ컹ݵġ塷


2175 ٴ
Ҷݡ塷ʱѾӿѾرɽţԴ
ľŴˣʧأŴĽڵĹʹԭݺľŴһʵͺܶ࣬޷塢ħ塢Ĺžͥ֯ȼˡ
ħ塢塢ͥȻҲʧһλŽɻйŽεǿߣԳư硣
Ĺžһ͸Ӳ˵ˣѹûвֻǲһλȥǵʵǿޱȡ
磬һЩص֮⣬塢ħ塢ͥĹžһĴʵǿԳư硣

塣
Ͱɫؿǰӹ߳һλߣǹһλŽսĹ֮󣬲ò߳أơ
䣡
ŽĺϢֱ񷣬֪
ʱ߶һݣ廹ôǿɲ⣬ȱһλŽվ۷塣
ݼ棡
ݼ棡һԵİҲˡ
ǰǼսҲûô𾴣ǰλŽһıֺܸߣսܸߣǹһǿߣǺͰڼ
ǣʲôϸ˵˵Ķؿ񣬷ǵΪ֮¶֮ɫ
æ˵棬ġ
Ĺ˵һ飬Ҷ¼Ҳ˵һ顣
Ķ֮̾ĹѹֻǣоܳΪۣôͳɵˣﻹֵõǣЩ˻̫ˡ
ͰĬϾ漰սλŽ
˵ǷģôĽ棬౻һʱ䣬Σա
˵ͷ漴ʵҶӣ֪δã
ǿ֮û뵽Ȼ˿ԳɹԣһĨ𾪣漴ɫĮȻˣǾͳײɣҪٸɳĻᡣ¿ϵħ壬ʧܴ󣬿϶ֲͬҶ졣
˵ͷ漴Цû޽ɽҿСӹһ١
ҡͷҶԳȥǲҪǣ޽ţ˭֪޽᲻ųһ򣬾һ޽ۣ޽£µһûκ۵޽ǽΪǹѡ
Ͱһݡ
Ǿúе
ǰȻɵ޽еģ޽ɱǣϾ޽ı޽ţһ˹壬޽ҲҪ
ǣû޽֮ǣôһ˵޽һʹǹҲеֲġ
ʱǻ޽͵Ϯᵣ޽͹ħԸǣ֮˭ҲҵһûκĹŽ
ˣֻҶ죬ǣ޽šһ˵
ֵʱ֪ͨҡ˵꣬뿪ˡ
޽ŵķ⣬ɱȻ
Ҷ죬ɣ

ħ塣
ڹ֮󣬹ħҲһλŽ嫵Ϣ磬ݡ
λŽԨʵҲͬԨһɲ⣬ڹŽжġ
СĦ¡ٿݶ𣿡Ԩ֪˵Ĺ֮еľɫޱ
СĦ¡ٿǹħ۷ǿߣлΪһӶˣǹħ˵һشʧ
ħһ̫ʧˣԼڵĹҲˣȻʧôǲҲͰˣǳˣһҪˡ
ԨԺħܲ
ͬǽĹͬǶԸҶ죬ǹôûжʧǹħʧôء
ֻ֤ħܡ
Ԩˣĺˡһλǿ߽
СӣԨתͷ򹬵⣬ߵ
һĺˣȻֻһ߷ɲñħ壬ΪϾ͹ħС
ԭԨǰ񿴵ԨҲһ˵ԨȻܾԶˣʵǳǿ
СӣƨţԨߵڹˣܲˬ
Ҳ⣬Ц˵ǹħ壬һֶԸҶ졣
һǿ߰ˣǹѵԸˣҪǹħ壿Ҳ̫˰ɡԨЦ
üԨǰ˲˵ҪôһԸҶ죬ҪôҾͷҶɳȥϾ˵ҶǹħĳԹҪסӵлӣǿ֮һɾͽܹŽΪڶҲпܡ
Ԩͫһ漴ãҴӦˡ


2176 ͥ
޽š
Ҷڼݵ㡶塷ѹ֪͹ħٴˣΪҪ
ҶµˣûԼʵΪҪĻ˵ٶ඼ûá
ʵһУʵǸ

ʯ˾ս塢ħ壬Щ幦һҶԺи֣ЩԼġ塷
ʯ˾ԼÿһϸÿһѪҺʯʻеľǿʡ
ǿԼϸѪҺԼڲϵرǿ
ս壬ǿս塣
ħ壬ȫ壬Ͳ֮ͬֻ΢ڲ

Ҷһ߲οŹһ߸Լġ塷ɵĳΡ
ֹһʱ䣬Ҷݳ塷ĵ㣬ʼ
ʱҶһ޽Żɽ󷨵ķǿ٣һ
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Ҷ۾һУûᣬչġ塷
޽ŵĻɽУҶķ۾͸󷨵޽֮С
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Ҷһ̶صؿ֮еɱǣͥˣ
ͥĵԪ˧ҶԷڱڵĹ֮УôΪԪ˧ˣ϶Ҳͥˡ
ɱЦԪ˧ĹͥɵԪ˧֡
ҺͥûʲôԹҺ£Ҷ쵭ʵ
ɱǿҶЦţҲ߲ƣʵǵԪ˧˵¼ͥңԪ˧˵ˣǿ츳ͥƸΪԪ˧Ҫֻ֪йŽܵԪ˧ͥ㵣εԪ˧˵ӺϿɣϣúÿ¡
Ҷüͷһû뵽ͥ˹ȻΪ£
ƺҲϾǱܴͥǰ޳Թ£Ҳǡ
޽ˡ
ͬǣ޽Ҷոսǿߺ󣬾;£
ͥˣڵ֪Ҷɱħλ۷ǿߣʵһЩƽ󣬲ž£ġ
ܹͥɽڣҶͲ͹ħˡ
£ҶûϾܾǿɱѯʵ֪ҴӦͥʲôȨ񣿡
ҶȻϣͥɽȴʧȥɡ
ɱǼҶûϾܾʱһϲϵЦҲͶˣæ˵ͥԪ˧ȨֻܴҪΪԪ˧Եλʮλǿߡ⣬㻹ʸԪ˧飬ӵȨͶƱȨ
Ҷ԰𾪣ͥǿԪ˧ȨҲܴЩĶ
£Ҷ̲סʵôҪӵأ
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ҶüͷⲻɣҪԺ޽ŶϾϵôܡ
ҺͥעԵ޷ˡҶ漴ԥҡͷ
Ҫɣûţ
ҪʹԺ޽ŶϾϵ͸Ӳܡ
Ҷ죡
ɱɫһ䣬Ҷ죬üͷ΢΢𣺡ȻͥЩƣǵȾ磬һαչزҪ£ңԷֳȥһû˿ơںʹԺ޽ŶϾϵӦòѰɣϾǺŰԺģҲǲǰź޽Ž˵ģվǴСģαΪǶܾͥ
Ҷҡҡͷҵ׼򣬸²öȰˣǲͥġ
Ҷ죬û˸ҾܾͥɱɫĿ⣬Ҷ졣
Ҷ쵭һЦҾǵһܾͥˡ
ǵĵ˶ˣҲ¶һͥ
ǰͱвʵȼˣı˵в¶Ҫɵ˵вǻˡ
Ҷ죬ڵģ»֪Ѿ͹ħ׼Ը㣬Ϊһ޽ŵĻɽԱֻмͥܰȵؼɳĻ츳ߣҲһ˰ˡɱ˵
Ҷ쵭ЦǾĿԴɣҵҪɱҡ
ߣҲԵֵסǣסˣͥĴŻΪ㳨ǵʱֵסԺͥԮֻһͲܱΪԪ˧ˡɱһתȥ


2177 
ҶĿɱԶȥ¹ر󷨣ɫ𽥱
͹ħȻˣЩ⣬ϾУȻΪӶԼ˵һж
Щ鷳
Ҷ漴üͷ
͹ħε϶λŽнǿߣ֮ǿҶҲеʮּɵ
ֻһλŽ޽ŵ󷨻ԵֵλŽ󷨾͵ֵסˡ
˰æˣ
ҶƬ̣漴óԺƣйע
һԺƾʹĽִߵҶ죬ʲô£
ЩҪǰһˡҶ콫ԼٵĽִ˵һ¡
Ľִ漴Ѷҿ԰޽ţҪһλŽõ
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ãϹĽִߴοЦ
Ҷ漴˿رմѶ
лĽִǿڣѹҲٺܶࡣ
ϾĽִǿѪĶǿߣŽҲֻһ֮ңʵҲԷӳ
ֻҪӵнĸ޽ŵ󷨣ôֵܵסһλŽĽ
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ڵʹлӣҲ޷Ž⡣
Ψɵġ塷С
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ȵĽִߵ֮Ҷ۰ĽִϤ޽ŵ󷨣Լջطıչء
ġ塷ѾҶݳֻҪͰɣ屾ǿޱȣǿߵжǶģҲֻһ֮ң
ʮԪ֮Ҷ˵ġ塷Ϊ˽塣
ǿɢȥһӿȣϢ̫ǿˣԽǿߣﵽ˽
Ҷ˫տտӦԼʵһ¥֮ǰǿˡ
˿ʩչžŹһ֮ƽټϻӣԹŽӦÿԱˡҶš
Ĺ㣬ǻӵķǿڵʵԷӳӵǿ
Ϊ˱һ㣬ýϢԲ硣һҾʲôƣҲѸٻָټϱ˰ˡ
Ҷûгأ
ϢҲѾ˵ʮ߲㣬ʮ˲Բ粻Զˣڵʵһʱɣһ㲢ѡ
ϾҶϢϱ츳ͺǿһŹ޾ս䡷Ҷ˵ʮ㣬Ź̫ķʱˡ

Ҷչʱ
͹ħ徭һϵе׼֮ڿʼˣ޽ŸϹ
ⲻ˵̫ҪΪҲҪ죬ϾһλŽڵĹ棬ǿ䣬ⶼҪаţȺҡ
ȰЩ֮ǲܴҶ顣
˵ǸûҶϾγ̫ǿˣһССǿҲӲԲŲôż
Ҷ죬ڵˣ
ߣǺӡ
ΪλŽ֣ǲĽǿ߶ֻ࣬һλǿֻͬλ
˵ΧɱҶ죬˵սġ
ϾǿλŽ֣Ҷɡ
һߣħҲˣǲһλλǿߡ
֮䣬һͬ޽š

ܹ͹ħֶԸҶ죬ûŪķзǺܵ͵ĽСλλǿһжôĶϢͱ㱻˳ȥʱһƬȻ
磬޽š
ҶķĽִߡۡ°λ޽ŵǿһá
͹ħϢ磬ǵȻҲ֪˴¡
ԣ˵鶼Щء
λλǿߣι͹ħ廹Ǵ°
ߵκβ޽ţҿĶ棬йħԨλŽһڰУֻ֣ܹ޽ŵĻɽ󡣡
Ҷ죬οԵס𣿡°Ҷ죬ҲˣϾҶʵǿ
ҶͷİɣаգʱɻĽִǰ󷨣סλλǿ߼ɣһǣסһλŽ
ҶţƼװģ˲ŷ


2178 ڤ֮ǿ
ȶ޽ŵǿߺҶͻĽִȥ
Ҷ죬аյֵסһλŽ𣿻߸ղֻڰοǣĽִ߿Ҷ죬ѯʵ
ǿҶɳģǵѾ͸ҶΪˡ
ȻҶ쿴ֻһǿߣǿ֮ɹǿߣ˭Ҳ֪Ҷĵжô޴
ҵѾﵽ˽弶лڣҵʵѪֻǿӦÿǣסһλŽɡҶ
ĽִһЩ𾪺ͲţĻôǣһλŽǿˣǺǣڵʵҶǿ
ŻӰˣǰʵѹˣƿػӣԱȼһλŽǾͲҪô鷳ˡҶҡͷЦЦ漴ʵѻĹۻйȥˣФǼһѻ޸𣿡
ĽִԣʱЦݣ̾ò˵ͽΪ̫ˣȱôĴĳǻ󷨣Ѿױ޸ˡĻ󷨷ǳǿ󣬾ֻдԺԺһ򣬶ֵܵסһλŽĹҲŸԶ硣
ǺǣǼһȻûʧڣǴԺҲκǿַˡҶʱЦФͽܺ⡣
Ľִߵ˵ͷЦڼʹںϣǴԺҲԱˡ
ǰεĹôҶ漴ʵ
Ľִ߱վþԶҪһ¡
ϣĽִҲҡҡͷЦڵᣬֻлЩ˽⣬˶ʱΨһ綼ħݻ٣ǻΣյʱʲô鶼пܷ
ǰΪħˣҶ쾪
Ľִҡͷǣħ˻޷ֱӽǻ磬ҵڵʱ̫Զˣڵʱħ綼ûг֡
ΪΣô꣬ȴͻȻ󷨣һڽǿУȻֹر󷨣ΪʲôҶüͷʼ벻ͨѵĹ֮ǿһУΪҪô
ЩûãǰɡĽִҡҡͷЩ˺ܶ꣬벻ס
صܣʵ̫ˡ
ҶԿЦҲҪ磬һ·ʵڲ߰
Ŷ˵ҰοοĽִȤʵǿ֮ĺ٣ǰֻ˵ǿ֮
ģֻһǷ꣬һɻҶ콫ԼĿǰ˵
Ľִ֮˼漴껹˰ɣڤʮλڤǹŽΣҲǷһ򣬲ѹӡ˵һڤѶϢ֪ڤ漸ڤʵ൱ҪЩϹжȡ˰Ǳˡ
ʲô
ҶԣЩţɴ۾𾪵ڤбȼڤ
һֱΪֻڤڤʱȼЩڤǹŽ
ȻУһֹһλ
Ľִ߳ڤʮ˲ԽµĵڤʵԽǿ뿴ĵһڤǹŽôʮ߸ʵжǿݻ㣬ڤٶܺȼ硣Щڤڤģǿ߶ǣҲҳ˷ˡ
ǰ˵ڤ绹һλڤʣ˵ʵʮλڤҪǿѵѾǴۼˣҶ̲ס˵
Ľִҡͷڤʵʵȷǿ϶Խ˵ʱĻҪ˵ǴۣǲܡΪΪ˴ۣôڤͻȼڿڤ˵Ǵۡ
Խ˻û뵽ȻҶ̾
һֱΪǿģΨһĸ⣬û˿Աȵǡ
֪ڤʵĴڣҶҲһֱΪڤʺͻͬһĸ֡
Ľִ߳ڤʻᳬԽ⣬Ϊдԣһλʬ嵮ǣӶֱڤڤ硣
ǻλ뿪Ļ⣬ѵĴۣҶɻ
ĽִߵͷУΪǵ֮绹һ飬ǾǴʱ顣Ĵʱһλֻۣλ۲֪ˣʧˡֱº鵮ˣʱӦýеʱ
ʱʱ
Ҷ˼
ʱĽִɫһ͵ؿ棬͹ħˡ
ҶҲӦˣ˼ͻĽִһͬ޽ŵĻɽС


2179 溴
޽⣬͹ħǿ߽ٶ£Ǵ֮߳ǰ޽ţһĿɫĮ
Ҷ죬֪󷨵Уɣ޽Żɽߵ
޽ŵĻɽУҶ¶ۿĺˣм°ܽǻ
ԣʱ뵽ڵĹ֮ΧɱҶ죬ȴܵҶɱĳ裬ʱɫŭȵҶ죬㲻ŻӶѣ¸㣬һλŽǻӣ޽ŵĻɽ󣬶ס㡣죬ɡ
Ҷ죬ɱҹħλǿߣɱǡҷҹħ壬˭ɱ⡣ħǿҲڿ˵ɫ䣬ɱ⡣
ҲֻǴڶѣֵĻ֮еλŽ
䣡
һƿɱһ飬ɢֲϢݺݵغ޽ŵĻɽ֮С
¡¡Ľִ󷨣ת߶ǿֵסĹ
Ȼǿ󣬵޽ŵĻɽҲǳڻĽִߵ£ױȵķ
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޽ڣ۴кãЦݡ
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ͰĶˡ
޽⣬ɫѿ
޽ŵĻɽȻô
Ͼ޽ڵɣλϽµƣ󷨲ܹôܡ
ҺλŽӦÿ󣬱Ͼ޽󷨡

͹ħǿ߷׷۵
ͬʱ飬һȫŽ˳
䣡һǳԽͨǿƱϯȥƬڲ˵궼еļ¡
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޽ڣҶͻĽִ߶ɫ
ǹĶ棬˵սһ֣޽ͬһʱĽǿߡɫޱء
Ҷ𾪵ô˵廹һλ治ɣ
Ǵ棬ǹʼ棡ҡͷ˵ĵԴǵʼ棬ħҲˣֻλʼ涼Ǻͻһʱشһֱ˭Ҳ֪ڵʵﵽʲô𣬵ǹŽеǿߡ
ҶͻĽִ߰𺳣͹ħ廹ǿ󰡡
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棡
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Ķ˰֣漴ĿƽؿԶ޽ţ˵޽ŵĵӣ˹棬޽۵ˣַ޽ţֻΪҶһˣϣ޽ŽҶ콻ǣ
ǹļơԶʱЦ
޽ڣһЩӵɫˣǾⳡҶģ޽ûκιϵȫܵǣ
޽ŵǿ߲Ŀǳ֮ǵɫκα仯
۸ǶȵҶ޽ŵ̫ϳϣ޽ڣҶ޽ŵ죬Ҷ죬޽š
޽ŵܸߣĻһЩ޽ŵĵӶʱ侲
޽ɣǷǳŽģϾǴ޽ŴСģɺҳϡ
ߣ֪
޽⣬۵Ļʱɫһ
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˵գֳֽ̤޽š
ǿĹŽϯ֮з·ӿֳһɾκˣ಻ɽһ㳯޽ŵĻɽӿ
Ҷ죬ڣ𣿡
ȵ
ͬʱ߶ϵغɽ
һֲıըΧĻնˣ޽ŷ·׵֮⣬ʱ֮С
ҶɻĽִ󷨣޽ŷĹ¹湥ǧٴΣҲԻ󷨷
ţ޽ôĶЩ⣬漴תͷŲԶŭȵԨ㻹׼ֵʲôʱ򣿡
ԶգʱһǿϢ
ϼһΪһ˾ܻû뵽㲻Уٺ٣С޽ϼһʵ±ֻǿĹŽԨ̤նһƬڣħӿɫ磬һƬڵԨɲ⣬޵׶һ㡣


2180 ס
һŽˡ
޽ŵһڵӸеսľǿǹŽվ۷壬̫ϳ޽ȼ磬ȴλ
޽Ŷԣһѡ
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Ҳ湥ļơ

޽ڡ
һɫ࣬šء
Ҷ֣ô죿۲Ҷ죬޽ŵ󷨿ԵסһλŽԵסλŽ޽Լڴ˵󷨡
ҶɫȻɨ޽һۣ˵ǽϻĽִ߷һȥǣסһλŽ
˵գҶ߷ֱɢ
һ̣ҶչѾõĹȻŴ򿪡
Ҷı߳һ̤գ޽⡣
Ҷ֣
ۡ°˾
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ҶĻޱ𾪣ѵҶʵѾǿˣ
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2182 ɽ
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2183 ֮زز
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2184 ǿ
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2185 ӡս
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ʲôӡսޱ𾪣û뵽ҶȻôˣǵֻһǵСӣת۾ͷôı仯ֱ˲š
뵽ӡսһЩɫؿҶ죺Ҷ죬û뵽Ȼ̤ǿ߾硣
Ǻǣǿҵ츳ǿɣҶЦ˵
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ħ֣Ҷ۾΢΢һһ˵


2186 ۸
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ӡսͫһҶĿԽͱ䣬ƣһǾžŹһ֮һħ֡
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ڣҶȻҪħ֣ҪһһЦ
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Ǻǣҵ㿪Ц𣿡Ҷ쵭Ц
ڷҽǿ߾˵һӡս֮󣬶ʱ뵽ħĹ֮еһħ֡
Ҷһħ֣ںħ֣ħеǿܿ϶ڻӼıҶôܴ
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2187 Ф
ӡսһսûκ⣬ҶӮúɡ
ҶʵԶԶǿӡսж֣ӡսעߡ
ʵϣӡսҲ±ˣѾʩչ˾žŹһ֮ʵһЩϱǿߣȻҶͷ塣
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Фǿ߾磬ԺҲеɡ


2188 ǿս
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֪λ½ǿҶͽܣĽǲء
ĲҲϹˡ
ФģʦֶԽˡФļЦǺǵ
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ҶԴ˿ЦãҲˡ
ļͽܵУܹФСǱģҶѾοˡ

Ҷ죬ħںϵΣԶĽִߺҶһ̸
ԱߵĴԺԺڴħںϺӦúǿɡ
Ҷ˵ͷЦȻӣò˵ħۻǺǿġ
Ľִµħ۵ȷǿһλǿĹŽһʩչžŹһܹ֮ʵһΣӶԽĹŽۻһ㣬ƺΪûǿս
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Ҷ쿴ĽִߺʹԺԺʵǿսʲôǴԺû𣿡
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κŹ̫ķʱˣҶЩս̫ˣ֪Ѿѧ˶սˡ
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Фǿ߾Сͽ޳Ҳ˫˫̤ǿ߾磬ҫ硣
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Ҷ첢ûмչأ׼ȥߡ
Ĵ󹦷Բ磬ټչأҲûͷȥߣ˵


2189 ܴ
Ľ磬ʱմ󺣡
Ҷ̤ʱ޾Ļʱ֮С
Ҷʱմ󺣣һʱΪǰսڶʱΪ˴ԺеõĳǣһεҪĦһµ۶Ծĵط
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2190 ߽ս
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Ľִ۾һ漴ͷЦФΪֵΣȷһѡ񣬷ʦҲҪȥսѰһԵ
Ǿô˵ˡԺԺ˿ʵҲȥսҪ

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2191 
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ʱڣ߽սʼϢѾĽ磬˸еǣ߽սֻǿߺͽ߸ûʸͨúܶʧޱȣǻѰһԵͻƵǿ߾ء
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λԺǳչأٳ֡
һ߽սҲ֪Ժ᲻μӣ
϶ᰡԺǺεȴڣҿһ߽սԺ϶һսﵽĲΡ
˵Ժᣬһ¶٣治֪ô
ŵ㲻

ԺѧԱǿҶȥıӰ۷׷ס
ҶϢĽִҲһ֪
´УԺĸ߲һá
Ľִ߽ФҶ죬Ҷ˵ͷФΪȷԺŽҲַοЩŽһҪﵽ۵ĲΣ϶߽սǴԺ鷳
еǺǣ߽սЩŽûдֻһЩΪԭûĽִЦ
Ҷ쿴ʵ׼ʲôʱ
ⲻǵھ׼ߣأҪҪһ𣿡ԺԺЦ
ĽִҡͷһֻͨЯһˣЩͨͨһطǸû취һ𣬻ᱻɢֻеս󣬲
ĻҶɫؿ޳СΪͣҪСĵ㡣
ʦģĽҲаСŵ
޳ս죺ѾǿˣʲôҵĽֻûж֡
Ľִ߿Ҷ죺أûпĻֻǷı廹ʱմ󺣣
ţ廹ʱմ󺣣ҹĦµӡǣѾǿս֮ǰսҶЦݣһѧǿսսͻᱩ࣬ԹŽҲеˡ
Խ𾪡
ԺԺ̾㻹ԺôҲֻһ˻ǿս
ںڴ磬ʵһپǹŽΡĽִڴ
ڽڻûͷҶЦҡҡͷ
ԺԺοɽǰ·ɹġ
˽̸һһ뿪Ժѡһɫǰ˻ս
ҶФĿȥ
ʦһȥоˡФкĳˡ
ڣҶͲĴĳǵİο
Ҷȥһ޽ţ޽ŵǿߣ½ǿ°Ѿǰսˡ
Щһﶼˣѵһ޽ţҶҵŸ߷壬Ѿ޽
Ÿ߷ЦЩһ˵ˣֻҪǵһ˽˽磬޽Ų֧ʱ޽ز޽ҲԱˣЩһͶˡȻǾдԺԱߣ磬ӦòʲôΣա
ҶҡҡͷЩһ̫ˣڵȷҪУǣںأһ򣬾һ㻹ǰһЩ޽ŵľӢȥĳǰɣһ֪ͨԺǰһЩطס㷢ʲô飬޽Ҳʲôʧ
ٺ٣̫лˡŸ߷ԴϲʹĳôͣȻ֪ĳ󷨵ĿֲҴĳǲ޽ţ϶һλǿ

뿪޽źҶȥһ档
Ѿûʲôˣ˺ѣĳˣҶңǨ˴ĳǡ
ڵ飬վǺԼͬԴһҶǻǺչ˵ģڴԺѧԱʱڵЩƣ޽ŶΪҶĹϵǰʦҲչˡ
ˣĽҲЩˡ
Ҷһ棬뿪ˣصԺ


2192 ں
硢磬һһǿߣһһɫǰս
̶һԪڣǿ߼߰˳ɡ
ɽϻӳƴ
ǿߺͽϡٵ£ֳΪʱţǿߺͽѾΪ˵еĴڣܹõ

Ľ磬һƫԶĽ
緢Ӵһڳ
ڳΪ֮ˡ
ϲ
ͬϲ
½֮ǳ˷ܣ
ΪǶԼڴﵽ۷壬ǰߵĲΡ
֣׼ȥ
ȻȥԺʦѧգϴǰǸ˵ԺǿǴԺԺҶ죬ǿɱλǿߣܹܽĴ˵дڡôǿѧԺһҪУܹΪǿڡ
Ժǿλ޺ǵĵͼԶûǵִԺͻ;аɡ
㲻õģǰ˵Ժڻ濪ͨǰĵطֻҪǵϻ磬ڴԺǼǣôǾͻܵԺıЩ溣ǸΣǡ
Щ溣޶ĲΣ𣿡
ȻԺǺεȴڣ˭ҷ˵оͺŲԺľ棬ԺһλǿߣЩǶ㶼㲻ȫɱʬգԴԺҲ˸ΥԺ
ðѧԺҲȥԺһȥɡ

֮ŴԺķȥ
ȻʱϺȻѿһ޴ķ϶ڵĹâ˺ѿһӣ漷һƬ嫵硣
ʲô
֮ʱ¶ŵĿ⡣
֮ϣһƬ嫵Ľһһ޴Ĵ½ޱ޼ʣؼ˻Ľ硣
ң½ϣǻ˲ٽĳǳأߡ
һɹǿϢϵλ½֮ޱ𺳡
ЩƺҪǿ󡣡
ֲ̫ˣǸϽ뿪
ԣߡ
֮æԶȥܹΪ֮Ƕǰ׳գҲͽĴ¼
ںˡ
˵ûʲô֣˴Ժе⣬ûʲôǿߣûñȡ
ԺҲ˵ҶǴԺԺǿǻܹۣ͹ħλŽκβõһǴԺ
ţȷǡˣ˵޽ҲҶˣɷǳǿҲǡ

һЩǿ߿ʼĽ硣
ںϵĶʵ̫ˡ
ܿ죬綼֪ˡ
ʱһСС˲ҪĴڣϾʵ̫ǿˣ˴Ժ޽ţҽ磬˭ǣ
˲ôǴΪһ䣬Ȼе㽾˶ѣûɱ䣬ŭǡ
ȻԺĴڣҲһвһЩҲ̫֡

ĳǡ
ҶķǳϿգںϵķüͷ壺û뵽ôںˣѵΪϴλܴ
ʦ𣡡Ф˲ƶ
ҶФ˵ղԪǣĵСĵ㣬Ҳþ磬˭˺ǴԺĵӣһȥˡ
ףʦ𣡡Фͷ
ȻĽִߡԺԺ뿪ˣֻҪҶڣǴԺ޾һС
ˣʦʲôʱأФʵָҶʱմ󺣵ı塣
ǺǣӦòˡҶЦҲǿһеĵֻҪ˻ǿսĹŽǿߣкξ壿
οĹŽƴ඼ȥ˻սģм

硣
͹濴ŻĽķ
棬ںϣǿֶԸҶ˰ɣҶ죬һֱڻҶޣǳɵҶĳɳٶȣһȵҶԺΪǰڣǽǹѡ
Ҳһ㣬ЦԨǼһѾȲؽսˣƾһˣκβҶ졣
һûй壬ǻˣ硭ħ˵Щˡ
Щ𣿡üͷһ壬ЩӴ򽻵
ɭЦ棬ҲԸҶ죬ֻǵ˵ŭˣֻҪǣͷǿ϶ŹᣬȺӿ϶ڶ۵
Ĭһ漴ãȥϵɡ


2193 
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ҽ磬һǿϢͻȻɢǺܿ
ڱչصʱ۾һâ漴̤նֱѪ¹ɡ
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Ѫ¹ڣһѾõĹȻ򿪣߳һߣѪ档
ʷܴ仯Ѫ棬ϲʵѪ棬ͻƵ˹Ž𣿡
Ѫûлش𣬵ϵЦݣͿȷˡ
ڶʱޱȼҽҲһλŽˣڲüɵˡ
Ͼں֮ҽѹҲܴ
ǴԺ磬Ҫǿˡ
ôˣԽ۳Խħ۳ԽĽִߺҶС׷챾ڽ˹ŽΣԺ˭վڱͷţ
ѪԵ緢
ô꣬ڽΪ˹Žг첻ѣͷͨ
Ѫ棬Ѿںϣ綼вǿѾսˣʲô㣿ʵ
Ѫ۾Ц̤˹Ž磬ҵȻҪȥսһܲܵõһЩԵڴ֮ǰǵȥһ˴ĳǣЩʵһˡ
һѪ棬ĳǵ󷨿ɲ
ǺǣûʲôǹƵģѪЦ㻹֪֮ǰұչصʱѾһλĽҹң֪ҺʹԺĳԹҪԼһ𹥴ԺȻҲǰ׳գǰװáȿǵʵƴĳǵ󷨣Ҿȥһѡ
˭ȻҪԺĸʵԾȵ
ѪߵҶǸļһģ˹͹ħ壬һЩٺ٣Сӻܹ鷳ҲԼֿԡ
ֻǲ֪ҶǷѾսˡ˵
Ѫ˵ԺĸսҲްΪڻսУĵֻࡣ
Ǿһ˴ԺɣʦܵĳҲñһˡⱬ䡣

ĳǡ
ѿһɫӰɢһɰڴĳϿա
ʲôˣФʱӦˣ͸ĳǵĻ󷨣еĽɫӰɫޱء
ΪӦ˵ʵǳ¡
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ȻФ
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ФоȻ˵۵ĴϴѶϵҶ졣
ҶķڴԺӵϢ֮󣬱ϳˡ
ۣʲô飿Ҷ쿴ۣüͷһ塣
ѵǽ˽磬ԼԼս
Ҷϸ˿ۣʵȻ࣬ṳ̂Ρ
Ҳ࣬ǻĹҪ̤磬Ҳôס
Ҷķ
ۿҶ죬΢΢һ漴ҡͷѵıѾսĻรɡ
㵽˵ʲôҶ
ߵұֵķϣҪ㣬ĺϵ֣ҪǴԺȻıѾսˣôҸϢǴԺҲסǡ
һԵФԴʧɫ
Ҷɫ򶨣ӵؿۣû뵽ҴϢǶлˣֻǲǶ㲻ϣұɱ
ߵҪҲֻȺֻ֪Զ٣ұλܵĳһҲϴˢˡ
ǺǣҶ΢΢һЦ⵹Ƿϻ۵Ը
ˣȻѾǰսˣôҲҪȥˡˣ̤磬ǻһս˵Ҫ뿪
Ҷæʵ֪ϵЩ𣿡
ֹסΣͷϵкܶ࣬˹ħ⣬ħˣԼһЩ޽ŵ϶֣ˣѪ档ҪǻĹžһ֣Ҹܾˡ
˵ֱ꣬ӷԶһɫ׼ս
Ϣķϣ´һսӮˣҲɱ㡣ҶŻ۵ıӰЦ
ߣԲѣһƻɫϣ߽Уһâʧԭء
ФĿ뿪ЦǺǵʦȤġ
Ҷݸǰ̫߰ˣڿһֵ𾴵Ķ֡
ٺ٣ʦҿıФЦ˵ǰûж֣Ÿ߰Ĳһĳ֣ȴѹ֪ɽɽ죬Ϊڵδǰ;
ǺǣһڴҶЦЦ漴Фص˵ػôĳǵ󷨣ҵıҲҪˣȻ鷳Ҿ޻ء
ʦҿǷǳڴһսФＤ˵ôǵһлԼʦС


2194 ųڤ
ʱմ󺣡
Ҷı建۾ڵ˸һ⣬·нɫȼգ˶͸һɷâ¶ǿϢ
û뵽ǿս󣬻ҵʷôı仯˵ǿսȷڶаֱӲŽεǿˡ
Ҷ漴һԶȭӡǣ΢΢һ̾
Ħһ۵ǿսڿûʱˣҲգǰû㣬ȻңһһҪɱ㡣
Ҷ漴뿪ʱմ󺣡
Ҷ첢ûиϻشԺֱǰ硣
ҪϵǿߣҲǶʱڿɵģϾܶ˶ڱչأʱҪۼףҶ컹ʱ׼һЩ顣
һΣҶ׼һι⡣
ҪջعеһӣڵʵӲŽų˱ӡеڤҲ޾壬԰Ȼ뿪
Ҫǣڤǿߣ˵һЩ˰ҶҪԷųΪõһЩ˰һԼʵ
޷磬Ҳǿߵ۷塣
һҶʵŻһ

硣
Դϴ֮ܶ߾ҲûȥĽˣȻĽߣҲ磬ǻ롣
Ҷ˵粢ʲô̶ѨؽҲ˸鷳
ȻΪ˱֤ԼһеأҶ컹Ϣĵؽ⡣
⻹һɭֲҶϢһ·ϱܿеڤ飬ֱӽӡ֮ء
ӡ֮غҶ첻ҪϢĳ֣ϾڤͺӰע⡣
Сʲôڤ¶ڻ档
ںӰͶ㵽һȥˣΪҶϴϢ궼ս
ʱףҶѾﵽһ޷ľ硣
ֱǿˣڤҲҶϢǿЩɵˣɵ¶֮ɫ
Ǻǣ
Ҷ΢Цڤǰþòûðɡ
ٷϻʲôֱ˵ɡڤҶһۣҶÿ⣬ʲôµģߵһı˰ˣʲô
ҶԺٺЦڤǰѾùˣ϶ǳİɣҪףһ˰ӣ뿪Σ
٣ڤһۡ
Ҷ΢΢Цһ䣡
߰ɣͣڤƿ׳һҶ죬һ˰ڤı˰࣬ȥô˰ҶڴȤ
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ڤŭȵ
Ҷڨڨʮ䡭ʮ򡭡
Ӳ뿴㡣ڤŭˡ
Ҷ̾˿ڤǰģҪ㿪۰ɣ
ڤ۾׺ݵҶ죬Ҷӡ
Σڤſ˵䣬ֻôࡣ
ãɽҶæ˵ϴٵһҲ͵õ˰ڤܹ䣬Ѿܲˡ
ҳɣٸ˰ڤ漴˵
Ҷ۾ߵǰɲҪңһҷˣǽʱ㲻ұ˰˭ȥ
СӣҪھͰѱ˰ˣȴҳ˭ȥڤŭҶ졣
ҶŵҶ˵һҵڻĽ˭˲֪ǰ㾡ܷĺˡ
ڻĽҲ֪֪ѾԵ޹ҵһı˰ǿˣôţڤҶ˵
ȿȣҶһ죬˵ڤĵȷЩص
£ҶڨڨҪϷİɡ
ãҶڤġڤһ£ͷӡôãҲҪˡ
ǿɲУҶҡҡͷæ˵ϻǶڤʴ˷İɣҶڤʷǳ塣
СӾȻ֪ڤʣڤЩ죬漴Ƕڤʷġ
Ҷ״ų׷ˣڤͳڤô꣬ڤڤԴģڤ˿϶Υڤʡ
Сӣҷˣ춯֡ڤĺҶȵ
ǰԵȣ
Ҷͺһ漴߶üĵĻ֮ӡǣͨӡڤĻӣȻʩչԺĹʼƿӡ
һҶȡ˿Ȩʼջػӡ
䣡
ŻӱҶһɼɭֲǿϢбǿһ˺˷ӡ֮ص󷨣⡣
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һ̣һڤ飬ȫеԼڲ
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2195 ޿κ
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ڤʱ򣬵һҲˣһ𾪵߳չ֮أ˼顣
û뵽ڤǿǻķӡ
ûʱ俼Щæڤ
Ҫ֪λڤƢɲǺܺãһûǰȥݼ²к³

ͬʱڷӡ֮ء
Ҷ̧ͷеڤЦϲǰǰǲǸнˣ
Сӣò˵㵨ӲСڤɫͲɱ㣿
Ҷ쵭˵ˣǶڤʴ˷ˣȻڤʧܾˣֻҪڤڣ˵ţΥԣ
ߣ˰ҵȻ㣬ܹȥ𣿡ڤһ漴һöռָ档
Ҷӹһɨ㷢̺˰¶Цݡ
ˣѾɣˡڤҶ˰Цֻĸ˰û˵õ˰㣿
Ҷ޾ɫؿڤȻ˵أûһôܣ
Сӣ֣ҵҪʲô£Ϊ˻ӣǻҪ֪ʵǿĹŽƾһǿߣһӣܶԸңΰɣ
ڤһŽϢϯأǿ͸ȭͷȻǰĻնˡ
ڵķӡ֮أѾѣеĺӰ˲
ҶҡҡͷڤӰֵһᣬϾֻڤĵʱŪһڤʹߡ

ҶʩչžŹһ֮߶ӣһֲϯȥֵڤĹ
Ϊûн𣿡ڤһҲһǳǿ󣬽ڻӣֵס˻ӵ
Ҷٴδ߶һӳϾӡ
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úãҵǿսҶнⱬ䣬˵ʶʱ˱仯һǿϢ˫֮ӳȻ͸ӣϯա
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ǰμҶ죬ÿһμҶ죬Ҷʵᷢ츲صı仯
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СӣǻģߣڤҶȥıӰ
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һȺô˿صһȻһСǰǰΣڤͬ
ڤǰʮλһۣǿϢȻѪɳȥ
йһ֮ڤҿùڣҪȥڶһˣҪҷ˽Ǿ׼ɡ
˵꣬ڤ˺뿪ˡ
ʮλӶսսҷ

硣
Ҷӹ֮󣬾ǰĽ磬Ȼڸһط󷨡Ϳʼչطꡣ
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ҶԼһһԴﵽǿߵļޡ


2196 λŽ
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Фɫ΢䣬û뵽ѪȻ˹ŽΣЩˡ
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Ϸħˣ׷Ц
ս׵ӶҶ죬ɫĮСӣͥϧ㲻ʶ̧٣ҵġ
ҶͫһصͥĵԪ˧
ǱԪ˧Ȼ
Ҷɫͥԩ޳㵱ҪҽԹ
Թ̫Լˣչ޴Ժ۴ûвԺպñɣĴ˵Դ˸ýˡԪ˧Ц
ôĿҶŭЦҶ췢ģչ󣬱ؽͥ
ԲѣԪ˧ֱ̤նһ¡
ҶѾĳǵУФҲԼͶӰ
Ԫ˧һƣǻ˴ĳǵĻ󷨣󷨵ķֵסˡ
Ԫ˧ߵõ󷨵ȷϧƾΪԵסλŽ
λǰһ󷨺󣡡ȵ
һǲǲִٶǰѾ׼һǿ󷨣׼֮ƵĳǵĻ󷨡
Ȼǵ󷨱ȲϴĳǵĻ󷨣λŽʮλʮλǿߣڣһС󷨣Ҳܹӳǿ
󷨣㣡
ĳڣҶФ˵ϾФΪߵöࡣ
õģʦ𣡡Фɫ࣬󷨺ġ


2197 
λħ󣬿Ķȵ
ʱλŽΪģǿ߻Ƶǿ͵һ޴ħϵغŴĳǵĻ󷨡
¡¡
һֲɢøնڱΧ޺һЩ涼ܵǣش߲
ǿǰлĻ棬Ҳܵ˲ơ
Ͼ̺Ļ̫ˣҶ춼ɣοôǿߵ
λڹĵĴĳǣǲϵǴĳǵĻɷˣסһ
ڻ󷨺ġ
Фɫ԰ף֮ɫʦ𣬶Է󷨺Ȼ˶٣ҿ¼ֲ˶á
ǵ͹ħĳרŶԸġҶͬɫأԸʩչϳˣڴԺʷмء
͹ħ屻ǱӲƵоȻȻֶԸҴħ
ϧʵ̫ǿˣħڣɱܣ󲻵òͷ䡣
ʦô죿ФԶʱˡ
Ҷ貣ɫ򶨵õģҵıѾأڸ·ϡ


ʱҶıѾˡ
˰Ҷõ䣬ڵִǿߵļˡ
ʣµһ˰Ҷ챣ŻָơϾһ˰ΣʹõҲ˶ʵŻָơ
˻Ƕࡣ
ȻλŽ
ܺãһҾ˿ǴԺôǵġ

Ҷ챾м䣬Ѿ֪˴ĳǷһС
ʱ֮ɫڵɱ⣬ա
һ̣Ҷ߳ߵӰķ
˰˲ħҶһԷֳ˸ԼʵһǿķӶʩչžŹһ֮ս
һҶûʩչžŹһ֮ǰԼǿķֳˡ
ڴĳǵһҶ߻߸ͬı壬ǰ˸Ҷ졣
˸Ҷ춼ǿ߼ޣҶ˲壬ӵн壬ʵһЩϱο˻ǿսʵ֮ûͻǰѪ涼ˡ
ټϻӣôԿŽҲ㹻ˣܹסһλŽˡ
𣿡ҶЦҵҲ١
£ҶһһӸҽ硣
˵ҪѪ¹ɣǾһҪ
ʣµ߸Ҷ죬Ѹٸĳǡ

ĳǡ
ߵһȺǿ󷨣۳һߴɵħս壬Ӷ˫ȭϵغŻ󷨡
ۣ
󷨺ģФ･صֵסɫԽԽҰס
ñ˰ģʦеǱ˰Ҫ˷ѡҶ״æȵ
˰Ȼ󣬵ûͽФ
ţʦ𣡡Фԣóһ˰£˲Ϣָ֮
Ҷ΢΢һЦФֻͨǿߣսʵǿ͹Ŀ࣬һ˰ָܰơ
͸Фһٶ˰㹻Фֺһˡ
һôôãҲˡ
棬Ѫŭ
ɵԺɱһλŽˣĳǵ󷨣䲻ƣҲܹ󷨺Ҷ˲Ŷԡ
Ҷвٱ˰
ǺҶ˽⣬ߵõģӵеı˰Ҳ࣬ټһʤǵġ
ʲôöСӵõˡѪһĽʺޡ
ӣ˰ʲôôҶˡ
Ҷ㣬˴Ժ֮ǻҪսһսĻԵͱ˸ˡĶȵ
һ˵˶ʱ
ڴʱѪɫһ䡣
áѪ棬Ҷҽ磬ħšѪħڶˣڡʱ
ɫһ䣬漴ȵڱЩˣƴĳǵҪڻȥҲԮ
ؿѪ棺ҶѾڵˣץסһλʦܣҸ㣬ٲȥںѪ¹ɡ
ңѪʱŭѣѪ¹һִģô䱻Ҷ
Ѫ棡״ɫһ䣬æ˵ǧϵҶҪ߽ˣһˣ󷨾Ƶˡ
λŽΪģһѪˣôҲͲˣ齨Ҫһʱˣ


2198 
Ϸ򲻹ˣ
źĻѪŭһֱ˳󷨣˺ոҽ硣
ߵʱѪ滹ԴĳǵķŭҶ죬Ϸھȥҽ磬ҵѪ¹ɣԺϷǻĽ
һв
ҶӰڴĳϿգЦѪ棬ĺˣҵķ㹫ƽһս
ߣѪƿȥɱ⼤䣬ԼһλŽҶķˡ
쵰
ȥѪ棬ƿڴ
桢ͥԪ˧ħ˵ĺ׷ߣһ֮ɫ
ΪѪ뿪ħѾˡ
Ҷ쿴ǵЦһעһ񡣡
Ҷ죬㲻Ҫ̫ˣѪ棬һλŽ໨һʱˡҶŭȵ
ҶƳһۺ䣬ɱϧûлˡ
ҶĻһ䣬һӰƿնһɢǿϢǶҶ졣
߸ϴĳϿǰ˸Ҷ졣
ʲô
״ʧɫ
ߣǷʲôͥĵԪ˧һм֮ɫ
𣿡һҶֳֻɱԪ˧ǿúɫһ䡣
¡¡
ǿϯȥ
ͥĵԪ˧ҲСҶ߷æóֵҶлӻţһʱԻҶ졣
Ҷ죬㲻Ŷ֮ˣҲ㻹еڶӣȵ
ͬʱ׼ȥϵԪ˧ɱҶ죬ĳϿյҶסˡ
ô㻹лӣһ΢ЦؿŶסԼҶ졣
ɱҶóħ֣ȫ߶ʹĹȻ˿
ʲôɫһ䣬æȫֵ
һ£ҶǣסλŽ
񿴵ɫ䡣
ͬʱФҲٿŴĳǵ󷨣һסħ˵ĺ׷ߡ
һλŽФôĳǵĻ󷨻аǣƵģϾĳǵĻ󷨷ǳ
⣡
񿴵λŽǣסˣɫʱ䡣
ΪڳҶķ
ɱ
Ҷɱ˹һɱɱˡ
·ӣֻӭҶ죬ûлӣûħ֣ҿ㻹ܷӳս
𣡡ҶⱬʢĹâ˫֮һɿֲǿϢϯһƬ嫵ء
ʲôԶλǣסĹŽӦϢɫ䡣
ǿսͥĵԪ˧Եš
ǻǿսͥԪ˧սҶЦһ漴Ҳʩչ𡱣ңʩչ͸ǿõԪ˧ܵв
ͬһʱ䣬ڳеҶʩչǿս𡱣ǰδеǿս
䣡
ͣ

ڳĵ˱ҶͻȻıش
ң嶼䱬ˣҲǱͷɢͬһҶɱܡ
͹ħһЩҲҶǱϾǽǺǿġ
ֻʮλǿңֱӱҶǿս̶Ƭ֮䣬ʮλǿ߲
ҶĲϹɱЩǿԽԽࡣ
ܣ
ҶɱЩǿڵˣǾֵĴӴܣеֱҵһɫս
ת˲֮䣬ڳǿ߳˺Ҷס֮⣬˲ˣˡ
ЩҲһˣѾ֪һɱҶ죬ټȥǶΣˡ
жʱֻʣ¹ǿߣϾǹͺǲߡ
ɫѿǹµǿ߶ˣһλҲ˽ıԵΪҶҶ챾壬ϣ֮ʵǼŻӡħֵҶ
ǿߣԺ񣬻йǼȵ
Ǽʱɴ⣬׷ߡ
ǽҪߣ⿿Ҷķסġ
ǣڳλŽ⣬ǱҶ춢ס޷ߵĺ
һҿôӣ
ҶЦ
Ҷķͬ壬ֱӽΧסˡ
ԶĹŭĴ𣺡Ҷ죬㵱ҹ𣿡
ҶЦ棬Ѿˡ
˵꣬Ҷһȫǿս𡱣ɱ
Ҷ죡ŭ𣬷ɱҶ죬Ҷħһ
ûãҶʵѾԻɱˣڹŽҲɱҶ졣


2199 ѳ
𣡡
Ҷɱ˺̲֮ס쳤Х
вħ׷ɱ͹ħΧɱ
ڣˣҲˣҶеǳʹ죬еͷͨˣ˵ľ־
ľҪơ
ϧռﲻҪ󣬷Ļܽ硣
ΪѾӵ˽磬ֻΪռﲻҪ󣬱ǣˡ
ˣҶսҲһЩøǿˡ
ӴѳɣǶλŽɱϷˣǻսְɡ
ħ˵ĺ׷̾ϢһתȥҲһɫǰ˻ս
Ҷ죬ڻս㡣ͥĵԪ˧ؿҶһۣȻƿȥ
УֻʣһĶ滹ڷعҶ죬ϾǹǴͷӣǵʧ̫ˡ
λʮλǿߣк츳ǿˡ
ʧǹҲܲ
Ҷ죬ɣ汬ȫսغҶ죬ħֵҶ춼Ѫ
ҶѾճˣϹΧ档
ӱ
𣡡ǿսֲס
ħҲ
ϣ֮â貣ռƲ񷡣
˸Ҷһ֣ΧĶ档
Сӣվǽŭһ˶ս˻ģǳİʵˡ
·磬ȴҲκβҶ졣

ͬʱԶҽҶһҲѪ漤ս
˴÷ǳңл֣ҶһҲѪĶֻ֣ǿԱ
Ҷ죬㾹ȻѻӴǴԺǱҿôֵѪЦ
ҶЦô㻹ûյĳǱߴϢ𣿡
ʲô˼ѪһֲõԤС
ԶڹսͻȻɫ䣬ѪȵѪ棬ĳǱߵĽˣܣ˲أֻʣһǱ߷йŭͥĵԪ˧ħ˵˶ˡ
ʲôѪŵصҶ졣
ҶЦѪ棬ȰԹסְɣٴȥҵзѪ¹ʱ򡣡
Ҷ죬ҺƲұؽڻսɱ㡣Ѫ֪ȥתͷѰһɫǰս
Ѫ¹ɣֻҪţҶͲҶԸѪ¹ɣһλŽıԺҲܲ
ǺǣڻսĻ㡣ҶĿѪȥ漴һʼشĳǡ

ĳǣҶսڳ˫ȻסˣҶ컹·ģֻԷΪ
Ҷһҽ֮󣬳ƶʱ˱仯
žŹһ֮
Ҷ챾һں˸Ϣʱǣһǿϯ
ʲôĹɫһ䣬ΪӦҶʱϢѾȫˡ
ã𣡡
Ҷ߶ӣǿսֲܶʱ֮ǰǿ˼ʮٱһƬǼʺݺݵغĶ档
ͬʱҶħ֣һӣҲŹĶ档
ۣ
Ķ汻ѪɣȻƲأг˾
ǰҶ컹ֻһǿߣȻܹ˵λŽôܣ
˵ȥ˭ţ
ǹᣬҲš
棬Ҫ𣿡
Ҷ̤ն˵
ӣһһػҶԣͷϿջһħ֣ɢź嫵
Ҷֳϣ֮νȫװսȫھˡ
Ҷ죬һСˡ
ɫޱиһƬҶʵеǳļɵΪʲôһٶҪɱҶˣΪҶɳٶֲ̫ˡ
ҪҶɳȥѱҶ첻Ϊڶʱǹѡ
һ£Ҷһˡ
Ҷ죬İ£ѾӵŽսҪɱõжλŽֲС
Ҷ죬ǻսټ
һҶ죬漴תȥ
Ѿ⣬һҪڻս϶λŽҶһٻɱҶɳĻᡣ
ߣ
ҶһЦ˼᲻֪ԷǹŽҲûɱŽǵȵ˽Ǿδˡ
ĻۿԻɱŽҶһõ
ջؽҶ췵شԺ


2200 
һǿΧĳǵϢѾ磬ԣ綼ѾںˣӦͳһ硣
߶е𾪲ѣܶ˶δԺ군ˣϾһŽλʮλʮλǿߣ˭ֵܹܵɨˡ
һܵϢȥ߾͸ˡ
ʲôˣ
Ҷһ˳˸ֱӵסˣʵôֲ
ҶǳΪ˻𣿡

ϢһƬڡ
ʣҶ֣ĿУ졣
һ˻λŽʮλʮλǿߣս񻰣ͻ˶ܹˡ
һսҶҲףԺǲǵĴڡ

ĳǣԺ
Ҷڱչϣ֮һҪһ֮ϣ֮ڣ޽׺ħ߱õ֮ʣ֮
ǰϣ֮֮޷ˣһʵȴǿԸϣ֮һ֮
µϣ֮ĵ֮ǿ൱ڱĽ˰˵֮ҶеĻӺħˡ
һǿĽҵս͸ǿˡ
Ҷ쿴µϣ֮Цݡ
ڱʵʵ޷͹Ž⣬ֻǿǿĽǿսܸŽһս
ȻҲսһ֣ϾǶн
ֻǺнܹӵ̺ŵ֮ĽϾȽƣҲֻлۡħ۵˿Ƶĳ
ʦ𣡡
Ф洫
Ҷϣ֮漴˳ȥ
ʲô£Ҷ쿴еФЩɻԴһλ˺Ӧû˸ǴĳǲŶԡ
ʦҷĻͨЩʧҪ˶ñʧФżǷǳҶȥսģҪǴ˻ᣬǾˣæ֪ͨ
£ҶȻԴӻֺͨѾ˺ܳʱˣΪⶫȥأû뵽ھȻҪʧˡ
ҶƬ̣漴ЦҲãһЩĽǿߣ¾Ͳò뿪ˣߺҲĳˡ
ʦİɣЩŽ뿪ˣʣµĽǿҿɲ塣Фһŵ˵
Ҷ΢΢ЦãҾˣҲúȡս
ףʦԶսФ﹧Ҷ뿪
ҶЦһ漴벻ԶһɫʧһƬ֮С
ФҲشĳǡ
ͬʱ֮УһЩǿǣڿһʱЩֱӱչأЩȻ̤ս
Щǿߵȥһƽʱڡ

սߵĳƺ
ǿߣ֪ǻ硣
ҲƬĳʼλ棬Ҳл磬Ż߽ġ
Ǹλ°빦Իǿʤ
ǿֱ۹ķʳ
֪ĸʳ
ҶһƬİĻУ
ڶ磬һ磬ǳʳƫԶ֮ءһΣҿ϶Լ˻ģΪΧܵߡǿϢЩǿ߾ԲܳڻƫԶ
Ҳ֪ʯǸһôˣҸطһ
Ҷ΢Ӧһ£㳯һȥ
ȴʯ۵䣬Ͼǵһμ߽ս߽ս˽⣬ʯ˽һ
У֮нǳأһǳضǳΰ׳ۡ
ҶڸһǳͣǳȻл󷨣ǶڵҶԣǼС⣬ɾʹ˹ȥ˳ڡ
֮Ҷһλ֮ʩչֶ̽ļ䡣ʱ֪˳ǽǣҲ֪Ƭλڶʳڡ
Ҷ첢ûв鿴йʯ۵ϢȻ˵Ϊ̫ˣ֪ʯĴҲ
ϾʯһָΪ߲Σôȥʵ͸ǿˣ˵ѾΪǿˣһСС֮϶֪
ٻһרŷϢΪģľݵ鲼ǳأйػϢܴӰ֮йֻǼֵһѵļǮҲһ
Ǿһ
Ҷ쵱Űȥ


2201 
ʵû֪жôǿ󣬵ǽܹ鲼гǳһεǿ˲С
ҶѾӸղλ֮Ժ̽鵽˰λãֱǰ˲࣬ǰˣΪٶϾ硣
ϾЩͼ֮˵ҪʲôϢֻЩϵǿߣҪȥ̽ŻҪһЩԼõϢ
Ϊ˲ע⣬Ҷ콫Ϊ۷Σ밵
ȷһͨ尵ɫԵЩ
кܶСᣬÿһᶼһԱ׼ӴĿˡ
ֻҪûйŵİᣬͿֱ߽ȥ֮Źرˣ˵Ѿпˡ
һŶûп˵ˣȴҲԻȥ´
Ҷ컹Ƿֲſİᣬѡһ˽ȥ
ӭ
һ֮ΪЩͣͬʱҲҶΪɲ⣬ɫû˿ͽţޱȵ򶨣¶һ˿Цݣλǰ֪ҪѯʲôϢ
ҶҲ˵֪ʯ۵һϢ
Ŷ
ǰİԱͫ΢΢һ漴˷ǰʯ۵ϢֵɲͣȷҪ
ڻСǣѵһλͻȻˡ
ϾÿӴһˣܹõɣغʯĴףõɾһ֣ܹȡԴܹˣ˵˲˷ܣ
˵۸ɣ
Ҷ쵭˵
ôҲһλŽǿߣѵǮ
ϣǰԵƬ̣ʯ۵ϢЩ࣬ҵò鿴ǰİԱ˵һ۾Ȼڲ鿴ʲô
Ҷĵصȴš
һǰİԱ۾βס˷ܣЩڴؿҶ˵ǰҪϢ۸Ϊڻԭʯ
ҶüͷһڻԭʯһЩ۷ǿߵˣֻһ˵ϢԷʯۣҲòôɣ
ƺҶɻǰİԱæ˵ǰҿѸ㣬ʯѾǿˣһʵٮٮߣҲԶˣԹغϢȻǳ󡣶ңǰʱѾвʯ۵٣֪۸Ƕһ
Ҷ԰Ծʯ۵ΪԤ֮УϾʯ۵Ϊͱǿ̤ǿ߾磬ʯ۱ȻҲ̤ǿ߾硣
ֻҶǣȻ˿ϻһĴ۹ʯ۵٣ˣʯ۵ѣʯ۵Ĵˡ
ҶǺߣΪʯ˵˱ݺȻ⣬ʯ۲ûʲôѡ
գҶóڻԭʯǰİԱ˵ȸϢ
ãǰԵƬ̣ǰİԱ»ԭʯȻһȷ֮󣬲Űסеļ˵ʯۣУ䣬Լʮܼ͡ڹϵʯң˵ʯҵǻһǿߣֻǺʯʧ£ʯҲûȵʯ۵ʯѾֻʣʯۺĸˣĸɱֻʣʯһ⡣
ϢȻǳϸ
һʼʯ۲ûչ¶ʲô츳֮Σ֮ͨûʲôֱ࣬Ϊ֮󣬿ֲ츳չ¶ˡ
翪ʼʯ۵츳ԽԽֲսҲԽԽǿ󡣴⣬ϵ츳ҲǳֲԽһЩ߼󷨴ʦ
ȵ۷徳磬ʯ磬սеһܣ۹ǶΪǿʯ֮ʵ顣
ֻǺþʯ۱ĺȻݺһΪϣȻӡ֮أȴֻ
һȺԴԺļѧԱȴΪ֮أȳʯۡЩ˴֮أɱʳ죬Ǳըɱ˸ߵ߲ࡣ
ڴԺļѧԱ뿪ʯ۱ʧǰ²⣬Ӧڱչػָơ
Ȼڱչһܼͺʯ۲ƻָһﵽ۷徳磬ֱӳȻסȻɱ
ʳǿ׷ɱʯۣȴʯҲǿ߾磬Էɱ
˺ʯʧһʱ䣬ֱǰͻȻ۹ľŹɱҲŭ۹۹ǿ׷ɱ˵нˡ


2202 Ԯ
ӰԱ¶һʯ۵ϢҶеޱ𾪺Ͳ˼飬ⰵδҲ̫ϸ˰ɡ
˵ģ͵һ磬ʯ֪˲ֻ࣬Ȼ֪ôᱻôϸ
ǿɱ˸ߵ߲࣬˾ֱţʵ˼㡣
һ֯
Ҷ찵裬ⰵ˸˼
ǰ֪㻹𣿡棬ԱЦݵʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Һ⣬Ǽףһʯ䡣
˵꣬Ҷ춪Էһ
ϴκΧԺɱ˲ǿߺͽ˵һˣõ˼
õģǰǰİԱֱҪ˷ܵĴԼɵʽףõɣ¶߾ˣֱһ찡
ڣҶֱװְֲˣʮֿ˵Ϊ߽սʼˣǿ߶˳ǣ׼棬ǵĵУʯҲ˳ǡΪܵ۹ǿߺʳǿߵ׷ɱھ˳ǲԶսԨڻû
棿ʲôطϢ۸Ƕ٣Ҷʵ
ǰİԱЦǻȫ֪ĵطǰǰν׵ķϣҾѸ㡣Ǵǻ絮ͳֵһطǻ磬Ҳǻ磬ΪһĿռ䡣ǳΣգͬʱҲкܶԵݴԣǻΨһͨʹӻΨһ磬õ˲ٺô⣬ڻ淢һЩΨһǿµż
ν߽սʵǻǿ̽棬ΪԵޣԾˣű֮Ϊ߽ս
Ա͵
Ҷ˵ͷ漴뿪
ĿҶȥλԱϵЦݶʱĿ΢΢أһȻóڻԭʯһ治ɫΪпһλǿǿߡ
£ϽϢԼԼƲ⴫˰ܲ
֪ģûĸ߻һһ˵ϢǿߣŲһ
ڵһλǿߵĴڣȻҪ¼һԺء

뿪Ҷ칺һݻĵͼ㳯սԨȥ
ʯۼȻΣգѵȻȥԮ
̽棬ҶʱżϾʯڣҲкܴջ
ǳûл൱ڻʮ֮һ
սԨλڶʳڣҶûлѶʱ䣬͵ִսԨϾڵʵǿޱȣ·ٶȺܿ졣
սԨǻһأΣճ̶ȱ֮ĵҲѷɫ˶١
սԨս꣬ЩսڻǿߣҲĻǿߣ黯Ϊս꣬ƬԨ֮гߡ
вսԨӶŵЩսĳߣЩսɱǿҲ⡣
ԣսԨ˻һأ̤㡣
һΣʯҲǱΣŲò㵽սԨȥˡ
ȥ۹ʳǿ߾͸ϹˣǷսԨѾɳλȥ׷ɱʯˡ
˭
һͻȻ
Ҷ˺գսԨڵʱսԨڵ۹ʳǿ߷׷׳Ҷ쿴
ҶĿһɨ㷢ĸ˶ǿ߾磬ʵ൱ڹħǸΡ
ò˵粻󣬵ǿҲܶࡣ
εǿߣҶҲֵһᡣ
ԷнãûнĻͽ־ܽɱ
ҽҶ죡
Ҷ쿴ǰĸǿߣ˵
Ҷ죿
Ҷ˭
ǻнҶǿ𣿡
û˵
ĸǿ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ҶȻ磬ڻ磬ʯ⣬ûʲô֪
ΣһǿضҶ죬ѣ˭زҪ̤սԨĽǿ׷ɱһӷǽȥᱻˡ
ҶϾһλǿߣڲ֪Ҷϸ£ҲҶ죬˲ѵ
ǺǣҷҪȥأҶ쿴ǰλǿߣһЦ
λǿɫһ䣬һҵȾֻԳ뿪ˡ
ǺܺãϾҶĳҲһ»ǿߵʵҶ΢΢һЦ漴ȫţʩչӡǰλǿѹ


2203 ս
ҶѾﵽǿ۷Σ˽壬ټռʵһЩϱˣټɵǿսôûнŽǰѪ涼൱ˡ
ԣҶûʩչǿսʩչӡֵܵһЩǿߵĹǰλǿ߿Կġ
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Ҷ̤ȫɣһ·Ľɫ̫͵ųɫԣԵޱȵҫۺ財
ǳֿȭҶɢϢҲǳǿ󣬱Ͼ˽壬ɢǽ
ʲô
ĸǿ𾪣Ͳš
һֻһλǿôôǿ
Ҫ֪ǿɶǿ۷֣һλһĽҲģȻᱻҶϢס
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ȻûãҶĽɫӡ£ǿֱֲӽλǿߵļ飬ǵı嶼ܵش׷ѪԵȥ
䣡
Ҷһ̧̤ƣ浶ռʱֲĵ죬貵ĵâҫ۵ĵƬڰĻա
ã
λǿɫ䣬ǸܵΣա
ҪܣȻѾˡ
ҵĵϯâ۳һ嫵ǿճӣڻ֮йţλǿû

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λǿ߱â˺ѣǵ꣬ɱһɶ
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Ҷ΢΢Ŀʱһȫ嶼ҫŽɫǿֳֳɱ
ս𣿾Ȼǿ߲ΣҶ΢΢ȣΪʲôΪˣոսһǿ߲εս꣬ȷΣգһǿ߶̤롣
֪һεģ
Ҷǰսǳ棬߶ӣŽεǰλսнסˡ
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Ҷʱеǳ棬֪ЩһôģΪģĳֵط⻷ɵģ
ҪսԨҵ𰸡
Ҷ룬ú˼սĹΪоǣҶһ⣬ץ
ֻһͨʯУҿ϶ڸ
Ҷ쿴·ĺڰԨ漴䡣
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֮ѡнǣֱնɱǣΪҶһ뷨
ΪЩս궼ûӴļ䣬ӵоӴ꣬ҶϣЩս꣬Ӷ׳Լꡣ
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ǰҶҲɱٽǿߣȴûѡǵ꣬ΪЩɱǿߺͽѾ֪˶£ǵҶö࣬ӵеļҲǳӴ
һЩ˵꣬ôЩ˵ӴҲ֮ҶɣʱҶ컹Ҷ𣿿»һˡ
ǰЩս겻һЩսûӵκμ䣬Ҷǵ꣬мҵĸá
Щս̺֮ǿҵɱս⣬ҶҲðȻǣȻЩսɱҶһֻɱ¾սķӡ
ˣҶ׼ȾнǣԺоһ£ôȥЩսеɱս⡣


2204 
ҶսԨѾһʱˣһץʮλǿ߲εս꣬Լץλεսܹܹ꣬еĸãɵЩս꣬ôͻǿ
һǿˣġ걦䡷ҲͿԴ㣬϶ǿ
ԺЩŽǿ깥Ҳһ޴ĵơ
֮ǰҶЩŽӣ깥˵ǡ
ϧ̫ˣЩŽǿûжвֻܹһЩˡ
ƬսԨս꣬Ҷܹǵ꣬ôڶʱڴﵽЩŽᲢ۵ĵزʱʩչ깥شЩŽǿˡ
뷨ҪҶоЩս꣬ǵı׶ˡ
ڴ֮ǰҶץһЩս꣬ҲԼһսԨ
£ҶսԨ
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ңʯȻǿߣսǳֲﵽ˽ΡˣܵλֹҲ·磬⻹ΪʯûнԵʣԷλн
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ȻʱʯȴϳҶ죬ЦҶ֣ûпɣȻ㣬Ҿ֪һ߽ս϶ġ
Ļöλɫһ䣬ҶĿԽˡ
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Ҷ֣ȤˣϽҽϼһʯԿЦ
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û뵽ڻҲҶ΢΢һЦʩչӡ޴Ľɫӡ͸λѪɡ
Զʯ۷һХҶ֣û뵽ѻӶˣǵĳǻҲǶǵȻ֪
ԭԴԺѾˣǴԺʲôŵģ۹ǴԺ˶۹ĽǵѪҺ߶еĽҶɱ
Ļ㣡ҶЦһʩչžŹһ֮ٶȱǣŻӣŽεĹ
䣡
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ɢ۶ĿĽ⡣
һǰλ۹Ľͱ塣
ʲôԶʯ۽սλʳĽʱɴ۾š
ҶȻǿһʯҲ𾪣óҶһǿ߾磬ǷӳʵȻôǿлҲôǿ
Ͼǿһôܱһɱ
ջñӡ
Ҷǰ۹Ľ֮󣬱ʩչջñӡֱӽɱĸɾһǿĽ׾ٵرɱˡ
Զʯ۽սλʳĽŵþﻹҼʯ۾תͳսԨȥ


2205 н
ߣ
ʯ۴ʱ䱻۹ʳ׷ɱһò׷ˣôܻ׷Źǣ
£ʯ۵Ȼøߴͬһ޴ʯͷˣһ쵽սԨſ˫֣ץסҪܵʳ
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ٺ٣׷ɱôãǸҪˡʯЦ
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ڵʵ׾ܻɱһĽϾĹŽˡ
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Ǻǣû뵽㶼ΪǿˣôҡҶӣЦŴȤ
ʯۿЦһɱȻʱɱʳһλҪԲǵ׷ɱɱĽҵ֮УϾ۹ĵλǺܸߵġûϵѾѩˣλʵǳ찡
Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴ɻôҲһǿߣôһûУ
ĺΪңû֧֣ܹõʯۿЦ漴йâһʯһнǳǿֻΪﱻǿ󷨷ӡһĽ޷ͻƷӡҲֻܹ޿κΡ
ҶԶʱ뵽˴ʯ˾λʯ棬ԷΪ϶ǿǹŽôӵһĿԺܴ
ȳȥȥҲҿ԰õǼҶ漴˵
ʯ˷ܵҾôģҶղŶɻɱĹ϶ǳǿӦÿͻʯլ󷨡
ǺǣҪԲܹ֪ҶҲҿ϶Ͼʯʵǿ˭֪õʲôȼһʹԺĻһҲΪ
ֿԺСϾʵ޵УҲֻһܹ
ߣҶ֣ǳȥɣҲ̫ƽǲҪôΪʯ漴һĺڰԨЩɵ
ҶǵһսԨʲô˽⣿Щսôγɵģ
ʯҡͷû֪սԨôγɵģôãӦ֪Խ£սԽǿλãս궼һЩǿĽˡȥ¾ͻŽεս꣬ǿս꣬û˿ԵִսԨײҲûܹ֪սԨܡ
ôأǰ𣿡Ҷʵ
ʯ۵ͷ֪һЩ˵ҲսԨǵʵҲû뵽սԨزǱЩսΧӶò˳ȥ˵սԨ֮У˺ʵսꡣ
ǲ˼鰡Ҷ𾪣Ȼӵкͻʵս꣬ǻǿֲѹû˿ԵִսԨײ
ﲻǻһأΣճ̶ȺĵҲˡ
£Ҷʯڿնϣ׼뿪սԨ

սԨ⣬ӰһǰһˣҶʯ۶ˡ
ףҶ֣ǰûпĸŹ𣿡ʯɨΧһֲۣӰʱɵ
ҶЦ˵ĸǿ𣿱Ҹˡ
ѹ֣ʯԻȻ򣺡Ҷɱˣĸǿ߾͸Ӳڻˣѵרҵģ
ϻר㣬ôôɵ֪ڴ˵ءҶߵҿǺķһŴӰﹺλá
Ҷ֣̫˷˰һҶûСʯ۵ӡ
Ҷ첻˵ղɱĸǿߣѾҼӱ׬ˡ
ðɣҶ֣ţʯʼ磬漴ʵλֺŷôˣû𣿡
Ҷҡͷǻã۷ˣβ߽սҪıˣҪǿִ߲ͨͨ磬Ҳ޷ˡ
ϧˣ֪ʲôʱܹټǣǻһ𴳵Ӱʯ۸п
ϻȥլȰõ˴нǻҪȥ档Ҷæ˵
ʯ۵˵ͷǵÿˣ˵ѾвǿȥˣҪǱ׷ɱҲ͸ȥˡ
ˣլԶ𣿡Ҷ漴ʵ
ʯЦԶʯլڶʳɡ
漴˺ȥ


2206 ʯլ
Ҷʯ۶ǿߣٶȶܿ죬û꣬˱ϵʯҵլ
һƬնϲ㣬ǳأ滹ǿ֣ʯ۴¾·˵أҲܷʯլ
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һһ㣬ֱ㣬һ޴ԹҲʯ۴·ȻҶѰң֪ҪѰҶꡣ
ңʱҲǳңһСľǿ߶пС
ﻹΰҶ첻̾
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Ҷ־ȻѾǿزʯۿǰҶ죬΢΢һк𾪣֪Ҷ츳ܺãû뵽ٴμ棬Ȼôֱ࣬Ҫ֪ǻ繫ϵĵһŰ
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Ҷ֣ʵڲУǾ߰ɡʯۿǰĬҶ죬ΪղһҶļޣ㿪˵
Ҷҡҡͷһԣʯ֣ȥԱһ㡣
ŶʯЩ⣬ѵҶ컹ʵƺЩܰɣлһǿ߻ǿʲôز
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ԶҶȫ貣ǿϢһɾκ˲ϵش֮
𣡡Ҷ쿪ʼʩչǿսǿ͸ӿֲܡ
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ڱƵˡ
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ߣǽȥҶӣʯһʯǡ
ʯǿƣĽﶼȱֻǿһˣû˿Ϣһǡ
Ҷ컷ܣ漴ӦʯǰֻܲΪ˻뿪
Ҳڴػд𰸣ʯⱬ䣬ǰٷȥ
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úһɽǰɽһ̳һ
ʯأʯӳ꣬ҪɽϴҶ֣ȵңҽȥʯ˵վͳǰɽȥ
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䣡
ʯ۽ȥĿ죬ĸ졣
ֻһֿȭͷɽ֮кǿʯǶڲʯ۸Ǳһȭ˰壬˶ڵѪƲء
䣡
Ҷæӣסʯۣصضɽ


2207 ʯ
ʯңɱ⣡
ɽ֮УȻһŭȡ
һ̣һߴӰ˳ɢ˵Ϣ
ҶʯĿȥִһͷڷӣǿЩϣһ˫۾粻ʱ˸ž˵ɱ⣬˵Ϣǳ񱩣ͬһ
䣡
ڷһ̤˼˲ͳڻǰһȭݺݵػ¡
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ʯǡ
ͬʱڷӵȭͷҲͻײһ
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ǺڷӵͨһȭȻĻӸˣոջָʯ۶ѡ
һȭĿֲҶ𺳣ǹŽΡ
ȻһλǹŽ
Ҷޱ𾪣˭뵽ӡʯլȻһλǿĹŽ
ֻλŽ״̬Щ̫ܷ񣬸޷ͨһͶ֡
ħ֣Ҷ첻Ҵ⣬æħ֣סǰĺڷӣټȥûǱӻʯ۾Ҫˡ
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ʯĿǰԶǸڷӣ漴ɻҲ֪ʯҵѪӦʯ˲Ŷԡ
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Щƺܵشʯ˵
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ҶѪһ󳱺죬һæʯۺˡ
ͬʱҶٿӣħ֣ɱڷӡ
ûãڷӵʵֲ̫ˣΧȻסĽŲ
ߣ
Ҷɫ䣬ץסʯ۾ͳʯȥ
ˣʯҵڣһǵģֻڲʵܰʯ˾硣ܵʱʯۼĴ
Ҷһ漴Ϳĺڷ˫һƬ죬̲סȵߣǼѾˣײϣ˾ɱ
ʯҲˣûлȥǸҶһߡ
Ҷʯ۶ռϲ֮Уʱʯڡ
ʯȻǿ󣬵ڿռϲ֮ԻˣʧȥǵҲҶʯ۶ˣ漴ʧ
úҶʯ۷ʯǡ
ۣ
Ҷ̲סһѪ͸ղһͱʯڴˡ
Ҫ֪ʵǿȹŽ
Ҷޱȣʯ̫ˣûдﵽ۵ĳ̶ȣҲԽͨĹŽ
ңԷһӣ֪ʹýҲʩչʲôսȫǳֿȭƾս
Ҷʯûз裬ãǸжôǿ
ǵͻֲܵľҶ찵п
ôӣʯһԳ˼Щ޷ܡ
Ҷ첻֪ôο˵ȥɽɣҲᷢʲô
ʯ۵˵ͷҶһȥϾ˭֪ǷʲôϹ
˽ɽ֮󣬶ʱһ޴ɢŵĹΣɽĽ
ƽҶʯ۶ǿߣһ۾ͿһǿĽ
ʯҵĴнҲǵʹõĽղλȷʯҵڡʯæ֮ɫĽ


2208 ʯ
Ҷһʯе̾ǿĽںŵ֮ҵĻӲ١ңʯ˾ʺϷڵʵԻһЩһĽˡ
ٺ٣һˣ
ʯҲܸˣûǽɽȥ
Ҷ֣ǽȥҲʯҵϴػڣ
ʯǰȥ
ϴأҶȥ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ʯһ߽͵ϴʯҵʯӵܳ󣬶ҪϴϴʯҵѪͻ᳹׼ʵ츳ǿ
ʲô
Ҷ𾪵ؿʯۣ츳ôǿˣѵܼǿ
ٺ٣ʯۺٺֱЦ
Ҷ첻̾ʯֹϵļ廹ǿֲʯլӡˣʯҾԲûԴˡ
Ȼڣ
ǰȻʯ۾ϲ
Ҷæ˹ȥʯǰһ޴ĳӣŰɫҺ壬һɢ
Ҷ֣û뵽ϴػôãұͿҪˣҲԽ˽ʯۼ˷ܵ˵
ҶЦ㻹Ͽȥİɣһ㻤
ʯ۸млҶˣϧϴֻʯѪãҶҲԽȥϴˡ
ⶫҵʵûáҶҡҡͷ漴ɽȥ
ҪҪռ֮⣬
ʯ۲֪Ҷǿ֮Ͳô˵ˡ
лҶˣ
ʯ۴Цһ漴ϴأ˶ڰɫҺС

ɽ⣬Ҷϥ˼
ʯҪˣսôãҲҲҪˣҪʲôʱܽ
ҶЩա
ǿ֮Ȼӵǿʵͬ޵УܹԽܽ
ԼҪ磬ȴ졣
ҵռ
Ҷ˼š
ʱ
һԪת۹ȥˡ
һ죬ɽڴһɺ嫶ǿϢ
ҶȻʯֽˡ
ЩĽ
ʯȻʵȴѾˡ
Ѿ۷徳磬ȴ˵翵Ĵ۾磬ѾǶ㣬Ҳ硣

ɽڴʯ۳Ц
ʯ۳ˣԵ緢һʵεͷųǳǿ
ʯ֣ϲˣҶЦ
ʯ˫Ҷ죬սҶ֣͸ôһˣ֮ǰҲĶ֣ҽд¡
֮Ҷ΢Ц
Ȼʯ۰ȻôҲǻĵһţӦĵһŰɣдһ£˭ǿ
һһǿд裿ҶϷŰؿ
ʯڨڨЦ˭ô̬һûмǿǿߡ
ãҾͺд£Ҷ˵ͷҲ뿴ʯ۽󣬻ʲôʵ
Ҷ֣ҪСˣʯ۴һ
ʶҶʵԲҴ⣬һʱʯͷˣǿ³ǳĿֲ
ϢܸϱǿˡҶ첻̾ʯ۵츳ȷֲһ֮󣬾ôǿ󣬵ĻĽִҲѷɫһ
䣡
Ҷ߶壬Ҳֿȭʯۼս
䣡
Ҷ챻ʯ۴òϺˡ
Ҷ֣ʵԾʯ¶ɻ֮ɫҶ㲻ýҲӦòôŶԡ
ðɣʶһʵҶһʩչžŹһ֮ʵʱǡ
ãŶʯⱬٴҶ켤սһ˴÷ǳңʤ
һ棡
У
ҶȻʩչŽС
ʱʯɫһ䣬Ҷ֣̫åˣҵʵѹˡ
·硣
ҶЦ
Ҷ֣⣡ʯóǿĽϯһ顣
ҶҲӣǿӳʯеײһ𣬱ֲ
¡¡
һ֮Ҷ˿ʯȴɳȥѪ˲ơ
Ҷ֣ˣʯۿЦû뵽Լ֮󣬻ǲҶ졣
Ҷ΢΢һЦûʩչǿսأȻʯ۰ܵĸ졣
ȻʯѾǿˣܹ͵ûнŽʱѪ濹ˡ
Ҳһʱ䣬ӦÿԿŽˡҶЦ
ʯ츳ǿĶֻҪʵһ㣬ԿԿŽ
ٺ٣㼪ԣʯ˷Ц֮Ҫʵѣʱûʲôƿ


2209 Գ
ʯǰ
ʯ۵Ҷ֣߰ɡ
ﲻùһ˵ô죿Ҷ쿴ʯʵ
ʯҡͷڿռϲ棬ѱ˷֣ѾϴشˣҲˣһЩ⣬Ѿûбˡ
ǾͺãҶ˵ͷ漴ʯ뿪ʯǣԭ·ء
ڿռϲ棬ǲûʯڣѾ֪ܵȥˡ
ҶüǼ־壬һȥ󣬿»Ϊһ
˭ܹ뵽ڻӣʯΪʲô뿪ˣΪڷ裬ԲŲò뿪󷨰ڷʯլʯۿЦ
Ҷɻ꣬ʯڵ׾ʲôôǿ˭شꣿ
ڵʱ̫ԶˣѯЩŽȻû֪ʯҲɻ
ҶȥɣкܶŽҲʱǿԴһ¡
ȥ˳ǣھ˳ǡʯ۵ͷ
˺գǰ˳ǡ

˳Ƿǳ⣬ȻڶʳڣȴڶʳҲһĳǳء
ΪΨһǿ߽ٴ˳ǣڴ˳ǶӣԻַ˳ǡ
λΨһǿѾˣ˳ǻǱΪ˵ͨڣԸ˴˼ɵҲˡ
˳ûгڵ߶ǴӸطģ߽սʱ򣬸ߵ
úΰĳǳأ
Ҷʯƿնǰΰ׳۵ĳǳأɵ̾
ʯЦǳؾһ˵˺ΰˣҶ֣˳һĵĹأǾ˳ڣʲôУսҪսǱóǣ˳ǵǿԡ
Ŷ
Ҷ΢΢Цѵôû˷𣿡
ȻаʯЦǿô࣬һѷȻвعصġЩصˣܵ˳ǿߵ׷ɱ³ܲҡҪ֪вɢǿߺͽס˳ǣһɲ۹ʳǿ
绹ǿ°Ҷ̾
漴˳ǡ
ڷǳ֣ߺܶ࣬Ҵ󲿷ֶϵǿߣ߸ʤǿż·
Ⱥ֮Ун֡
Ҷʯ˵Ҳֻ΢΢һЩ˵ĲĿû̫˵ע⡣
ǿߺͽﲢǺϡ߽սʱ˳ǵǿߺͽʵ̫ˡ
ҶһûܵĿĸоҲ⣬ãش˳ǣ߶ز¶һЩߣĳĳ
ϣûʵûбˣǲܽ˳ǵġ
Ҷ֣ǻڣ
úҶʯһ޴ϿǰʯָԶĵϿ˵
ҶĿȥǰֱĸɽڶ䣬γһ޴Ͽȣռңĵģ
˵治ڻ磬һĿռ䣬𣿡Ҷʵ
ʯۿЦҲ֪ûȥȻǻ磬ֻ߽սʱƽǹرյģҵһ׼档
ڰ̽ϢҶ˵
ʯɫһʵɲ⣬Ȼ˵ģӦġ
ȥ֪ˡҶ˵ųϿȷȥ
ʯ۵ͷǸýȥˣ˵ĹŽǻĹŽѾȥˣǿߺǿҲȥ˲٣Ѿܶˡ
磬ɡҶЦ
һǰһ󣬽ϿȣʧںĵĿռͨڡ
úһЩǿ߽档

档
ƵĴأޱ޼ʣԵ
УɫָһǻɫһѪɫ
ֺ嫵Ĵ֮жԳţ߲ݡ
ǻ棿
Ҷ̧ͷڶԳִֵһʱ𾪲ѡ
ǲǻħ
ħѾֵ˻
ʯأ
Ҷ쿴˿Χûзʯ۵ӰΧ֮ڣһӰûС
Ȼ֮Ǳռŵ˸ء
û뵽ħѾֵ˻һε߽սЩͬ
Ҷɫأ漴գǰȥ
ڶԳ֣ʹûĿռǳ̣Ҷ춼޷˲ƣֻ÷и·


2210 ɫ
ǳҶһ·ǰУ˼֮ʼһЩߣǿ߾磬Ҷڳǰ·
ʱţҶΧҲԽԽ࣬Ҳʼ˽ǿߡе˴һеҶһǰУ˴˶ûнֻ֣ǳĬǰ·
Ҷ֣
ʯ֣
ԼĪ˰֮Ҷʯˡ
ˣҶ֣ĵطӦǻǰ֣ȻʱɢˣҪǰͬһ򡣡ʯЦ˵
Ҷ΢΢ͷ漴ָ϶ԳֵɫصЩԾȻǰûǰӦòħϢʹˡ
ѾһλϽ˵ǰﲻûлûħǿ˲Ƶġʯ۳
߰ɣ·ͨҶʯ۲ǰС
·ԽԽ࣬λǿߣʮλ
ҶڳĬǰ
ΪֻܷУ˲ƣ˻˽ǧʱ䣬ŸϵĿĵء
ֻǰնһɫĽڵסˣվŲߣǿߣҲнˣΧ̸֪ʲô
Ҷʯ۶һۣҲһ˹ȥ
Ҷ֣ȥ£ʯ۶Ҷ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ
漴ҵһλϵĽʯȻʶæЦɽǰǵ
û⣬ȿʯ۵ӣʱüͷһʯۣԭСӣ˵Сܵʳ۹ǿߵ׷ɱսԨû뵽㻹ܻ̫ˡ
ٺ٣ӲɱˡʯЦ
ɽϸһʯۣȻɫһ䣬𾪵СӾȻ̤˽磬ǲ˼鰡ǻĵһš
ҲǰòŽġʯۺٺЦ
ηɽ̾һ漴ЦһҲͲʳ۹ˣʵ뱣㹻ˡ
ǰҸ£Ҷ죬硣ʯ漴ָԼԱߵҶ˵
ɽҶһۣҶֻһǿߣûӣֻҶ˵ͷ
ҶҲ⣬ѯʵ֪ǰǷ֪﷢ʲô飿
ʯҲ˵ǰɽǰһ֪﷢ʲô𣿡
ɽɫصˣǸħΪħѾֵ˻棬Ȼֵ˫Ҳֻ뽩֡
˵գɽָǰԶĻɫڼ˵ǻŪģΪıħǿߵ֣ǿ»֪ڽѾ˲ħǿߡ
ʯԾħǿ߶ֵ˻ǿͨǻ磿
ǽǻ磬пܽ硣ɽǻĹŽĹŽѾһȥԿħǿˡһЩϱǿߣҲȥˡ
ȻˣǰҲùȥæʯæ˵
ɽһΪȥ֪ɫжôӲֻжܴһ˿϶ӶûУôΪʲôᱻڴ˵أΪʵƻɫڣûʸȥ
ʯ𾪵Ͽϱǿ߰ôûʸȥ
ɽһ죬ʯһۣŭбСȥԿ
ԾԣʯۺٺһЦȻɫǰ˼״ҲΧ˹۷׷ס
˭ѵҪƽڣ
е찡
ⲻǻĵһʯ𣿡
˵׷ɱսԨ棬û뵽˽治ǻĵһš
츳ǿҲոսã²ܴƻɫڡ

ԶɽЦſʯۣʯСӣóǿŪЦô˵Ҳǻĵһš
ǰ͵ɴ۾Űɡʯ۶ԼʵţȻŸոսãʵԲЩϱ
£ʯۻΪʯˣǿݺݵһȭǰĻɫڡ
䣡
һƵںܿͰȥˣվû
аʯСӣǲûԷҪƽڣɽʱϷŰ
𣡡ʯ߳ŭʱóȫ߶ֲܡ
⡭ǿĽɽ״۾һɣЩš
ͬʱʯ۵ȫһݺݵػڻɫ棬һλɫڰȥĺ֮ѿһϸСķ϶
Ҷ֣Ǳߵ㣡ʯۼ״ͺһǵ϶ȥˡ
ǵ϶ܿ;ۺˡ


2211 
ȥˣ
ʯ۾ȻĽȥˣ
ղǼĺǿ󰡣ʯ۵ʵҲǿ
ǻĵһţոսôֲ̫ˡ

ڳĻǿ۷׷ףһ𾪲ѡ
ɽҲɴ۾û뵽ʯۿԻƽڹȥ
ղǼǿ󣬹ǶɽЩĽӵһôҲͿԻƽڹȥˡ
ʱҶߵǰǰĻɫϡ
ףǼһ˭
ѲҲҪȥ
ղƺʯһĪһǿߣ
ʲôЦֻһλǿߣɽϱȥһǿôܹȥ
ǰ츳ܱܲʯۻǿɣ

Χ˿ҶߵǰҲĿͶһЩмͼ֮ɫһЩҡҡͷûҶǿ߿Իƽڡ
ɽʱҲҶ˵ˣ㻹ṳ̂磬ӵһҲ޷ƽڡ
˵ղűʯ۴Щ˿ҪҶһЩڸС
ɽǰ㲻öȰ˵ˣڵ˶Ϊ̤ǿ߾޵ˣҲáнԶɽ˵ҶĿ֮гϷŰ֮ɫ
ߣŪ飬СˡԱҲнһ
ĽҲɫҶĿЩơ
⵹ΪǺҶг𣬶Щ޷ƽڣЩһǿȥѲΪǿ߱ЩţԿ
ȻǻǷǳѿ
ֻҶɫɨһۣ漴óϣ֮ʩչžŹһ֮һǿϢʱһֱƲ񷣬зӿ
¡¡
Ƭشڷڡ
ҶĿϯȥΧǿߺͽ׷ױˣɫ𶯣Ǹܵһľ޴ѹ
Ҫ֪ʵҶҪǿʯ̫ˡ
ôܣ
ɽɴ۾š
Ҷ컹ûг֣ΪѾܵҶ̺ĿֲԶԶǵĴڡ
찡
ʲô
Щ֮ǰ˵ĽǣҲ𺳡
䣡
Ҷ춯ˣڷɢһ˫Ŀ͸貵ԣ̫һҫۣ˵ƶ˶㡣
˺
Ҷһӳѿ
ռֲĵǰڶڼһ˿˿
ǲ
󣬽֮ϣһ޴ѷ죬ʯɵѷ˼ʮ
ˢҶ̤նѷ죬ΪɵѷԲҪʯôżߵĺɡ
Χ˶ĿɿڴؿҶڵһߣ־ɣǵ˺̵ӡֱ¹ȥǶǵһĻ
ɽǰһһǿߣʵĽ𣿡
˰Σһǿ߿ɽѯʵ
Ҳ˶ɽҲúɻһǿߣѵĿǿֵز
ǻҪʲô
ȿȣ
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ΧЩɫҲÿһͣҲҶˡ
⡭Ϸ۲죬ղλȷһλǿߣֻѾﵽǿߵļޣҲԶˡɽ漴ڨڨ˵
ڳһǿ߼ޣǻǿߣôӵбȽҪǿʵ
ҪǣǿҲ̫˰ɡ
ˣǶȥɣڴ˵أҲֻܸɵۿšɽ˵ͳŻڷȥ
Ѿûټڴ˵ˡ
ЩҲ뿪ˡ
ڳǿҲһһɢȥϾڵķ̫ǿˣһЩƣ˵ˡ

ʱڵһߡ
ʯۿҶɵЦҶɵѷҴˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴ǰأɵüͷôӣһˣзʲô
ǰľܲҡ
飬ϲ㣬Ҳѳһʯ״Ưڻҵ֮У·ﾭʲôҵĴսһ
Ӧħֻ棬һЩħǿߺǰǿ߼սô˵ر֣һڣǰǲֻ档ʯ˵
Ҷ˵ͷһҲֿԺܴ
֪С޳ôˣ
ҶЩǡ
Сǽ磬ʱûнڣԾΪͣҲܹ϶ħǿߴˣҲ֪ǷΣա


2212 ֮
ΪСǵİΣҶ·ܲҵǡ
ֻǰĻѾıҲ·˭֪Сȥˡ
Ҷֱ֣ǰɰɡʯ
Ҳû취İ취
Ҷ˵ͷ漴̤նȥ
ʱһЩ޴½أҲͣ鿴һ£һЩսĺۼûĶ¡
ʯ۸̾ЩħǿߺǻĹŽˣȻԵֵ
ħд۴ڣ϶ҲлǸεǿߡҶ
˼ǰ·
úǰԶܵ˼ǿ
ĸǿߣʯ۾һУ˵
Ҷһ˵ϢҺϤƺħǿߣźħһϢ
Ӧܵħǿߵ׷ɱǹȥɡʯ۵ȷȥǿߣں޾⡣
ҶҲæ˹ȥѾǸϤϢ˭ˣǹĿһˣǰΪ˵õ˰׷ɱ
жˣҲȥɡҶ찵뵽
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ȷǹĿܵͷ޵Χ޵ʵڿ֮ϣѾƴȼձԴ֮ˡ
ѾҪﵽˡ
ǻǷƾֵħ磬Ȱ㻹ǹԹͶħˣħ˵ˣֻҪԸ룬ͿԱסһһħǿɭЦ
Ͷ
׺ݵ۾ŭҿȷֻ̰һˣҿ϶ͶҵŮҵǶûгΪǿߣǶûʱճӣһǻħˣЩûгΪǿߵ飬Ͷȫ
Щ˶һȺϰˣ㶼ǿˣõںǣħһǿЦ
Щҵˣŭһɱħǿߡ
ϧѾǿ֮ĩˡ
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ħǿڲȰʼȫɱ
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ʯ۸ˣǿսշڡ
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Ҷߵ˼ʧȥϢİؿԴǰֻʣһֻ۾İԴ˵û뵽㾹ȻΪ˻ս
ղŵһĻȷЩϡ
Ҷû뵽ҲѪȵһĻ
ٺ٣ȿȡҿҲػˣҺ㲢ûʲôֻͬһˡ
ҶϤݣָһЩɫʣ·عⷵһ˵Ҷ죬ȻǰҺ޲ڣϣܹţúõػţøǿ󣬴ﵽôزǻȥ
û˵꣬Ϣͳʧˡ
˵ʵղһ˲䣬Ҷ춼Ҫó˰¿ĳ嶯
ֻǿ궼ˣ˰Ҳ޷
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𣿡
ʯ˹ųʧȥϢĿüһȻ󣬻ʳһõĶ
Ҷ˻֣𿨶ʬǣӦöǻܲпǹˣǹвֹһλŽħ׷ɱһֹۡ
Ǽ·ɣܹ˵ߵķǶԵģȥҲһЩˡʯ˵
Ҷ˵ͷںܵСǵİΣӿٶȡ
ż棬ǿ˲ʬ壬ǿߣҲлǿߡ
вٽ
ⶼٸʬˡʯɫޱء
ٸʬ壬ȥ˽ٸ
ʵϣǿߺͽ˫սܹʬĺ٣ܶûʬ
ԣȥˣ϶ֹٸǧ
Ҫ֪ЩɶǿߺͽǻҲޡ
ҶΨһҵıЩʬ嵱ûԼʶѣɺܵģϾСͽ޳ǵʵ̫ˡ
ϣܹͻĽִ߻ϣҶ찵
ʱǸܵһǿаϢǰԶ
ҶʯɫصؿȥһħǿߣһλǿĽȶɽҪǿ
˵ħСں󷽱ɱˣû뵽СӸɵģò˵Ӻܴ󰡣Ȼҽ
ħǿĿضʯۣҶǿߣֱӱˡ


2213 Ⱥս
ǰħǿߺǿǽеǿߣҶƣԷûнŽǰѪ࣬ʵȻĽִ١
ԵúţͥɢûҶʯ۵¡
ȻɱħǿߣҲûʸͶˣȥɣħǿЦɱ
Ȼģ̽ȴһֻ޴צɢſֲϢҶʯסˡ
ƾҲɱǣʯ۴һʯˣɱ˹ȥ
䣡
ݺݵػǾ޴צֲ졣
һ֮ʯۺͶħǿ߽ɫһ䣬˫˫ɳȥȻƾС
ǿʯɫصؿŶħǿߡ
ħǿҲڶʯۣɫС㣬ȻʵԣеĽǿҲн
˵գħǿóһѪɫ䵶ͬһ㣬ͷųѪаϢǳĿֲ
һʯȻֵǱ˺Զ
ʯġʯ˾ʯ˺ķǿûˡ
һ֣ȽϢҶʱ̤տտ
ħǿƳҶһۣЦôĿһǿ˵Ҳ·ͷ
ҶֻһǿߣȻóǰû⣬ֻǹעʯۡ
ڿҶ쳯ɱ˵ҪеһЦ
ɫЦݺܿסˡ
ΪҶӣһѹסеѪɫ䵶һѹ
ʲô
ħǿ𾪲ѡ
ӶĽеѪɫ䵶ǿˡ
ңҶʵ֮⣬ȻʯۻҪǿ
ûн˰ɣʯۿħǿߵѪɫ䵶ӽʱֻЦһɱ
ħǿûʯۣɫصضҶ죺û뵽ʵôǿǿ߾磬츳϶ħ磬Ժǰ;
䣡
ӭҶϣ֮
ҵĵâħǿ

Ҷ߶һѹڻӵĿֲ֮£ħǿߵ궼ڲ
ҹħǿߵŭţƴҪˡ
֮
ջñӡ
Ҷʩչ깥شħǿߵ꣬ʹúڻʹ˻
Ȼͨ깥ħǿߵ궼Ťˡ
Ҷʩչ깥꣬ԱߵʯҲ˹Ҷһѹħǿߡ
գħǿԽԽ
ڻ棬֪ĸңħ˶ǿߣŽεж٣Ҷʵ
ڣħǿضҶ죬һ𣿡
˵׼ɡʯߵ
Ҷû˵ֻؿ
ɱңħǿЦɱңħǻ֮ɿԸ
˵꣬ħǿ߾Աˡ
ǳͻȻҶ춼û뵽
һǿߵԱǳֲֻǶԷԱǿֱֲӾͺ俪˻ӣҶʯ۶ըɳȥ
ãҶ컹һӣʯۻסԲûˡ
һﻹǷ񰡣û˵ԱˣʯۿЦ
ҶǶħģ϶ħӮǲΪҲܸ
ϧʲôҲûдʯ̾
·ɣ˵ġҶ˵
Ѫɫ䵶Ҷʯۼǰ·
úǵȷˣһһȺˡ
ǰľ̫ǿˣҲϰˡ
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ƬҵսɢΧƯ֮еĴ½ϡá
Ⱥսˣ
ʯ۾ȵ
ҶϲɫȥӦÿҵˡ
˵ӿٶȡ
Ƭ̺ǿǰһȺڼսԼˣħǿߣǿߣҲлǿߡ
ǿߺͻǿԿħǿߡ
ħһʤһΪһŽ
ţҶ죡ȻһϤľ
ҶĿȥʱǰԡѪսĽ޳𾪵ǣһȻѾΪˡܲãħΧѾˡ
ʯ֣ѣȥȥסħŽҶûмڹȥͽ޳ϣǴ߶ӣħλŽ
Ҷ쿴óڳǻռƣֻҪסħĹŽһӮˡ


2214 Ҷ֮ǿ
İɣˣ
ʯԣ޳ǱߣΧ޳ֻʵĽʱʮ㣬ɱ˹ȥ
ʯڣҶͲĽ޳ˣϾʯ۵ʵֻҪǹŽܹ֮һս
ǣҶ̤ӭλħĹŽɱȥ
ʱҶʯ۵ĵҲ˵ע
ʯۣû뵽Ѿ˽硣лǿϳʯۣϾʯǻһţܴ
Ҷ죬̫ˣҶˣоˣϳҶ죬ϾҶͷ̫ˣʵҲǳĿֲԵֵһλŽ
оȣ
˷ܴɵñɻ룬Сֻһǿ߰ˣܹʲôʵ
ʱǿҶħλŽʱˡ
һˣ
Ҳô
һǿߣӭսŽҿ𣿡
ǿһĿɿڴ
е߹ЦǱСҶ죬ǿţߵǿ֮Ȼֻǿ߾磬λŽֶκβ
˻һ߶𶯲ѡ
ͬʱҶλħĹŽѾ

һ죬նˡ
ֲϯȥǿĻ
ΧħŽǿ߼״ɵ۾һǻӣСѣѵǻĴˣ
ҰɣȥæսҶûлشٴδ߶ӣӭħĹŽ
Բѣֻһǿ߶ѣлӣѵܹԿŽһĽмԲҶʵ
ǳĽҶ죬Ͼתͷɱ档
ǡ
ǸԼҶĻʱ±ˡ
룬ǿɶϱǿ߰ôһСģ
ǻǿ߶ôѩǵһμħĹŽҶĻһЦΧ¶ȶֱѩƮ䣬Ϣա
žŹһ֮
Ҷںϰ˾ħ˵ϢʱǣĲҲڷսﵽ˼ޡ
¡¡
ӱ貵⣬Χѩںϣɫĳ𣬺ݺݵغѩ
ѩɫһ䣬æٿؽֵ
䣡
ײһ𣬱ֲ̫ˡ
ΧĽɳȥ
Сӣҿˣû뵽ʵôǿħѩ۾һɣЩŵضŶҶ졣
䣡
Ҷٴμһӣ֮ɱѩ
ʲôȻѩ֮ɫ
ٿҶЦһٴμһħ֡
ѩˡ
һһʱѩںˡ
ɶ񣡡
ѩΧϵغԼɫԽԽ
ҶʵѾܽӽټ֮סŽˡ
ʱЩԭΧѩĻǿߺǿߣѾڳɱЩħǿߡ
Щˣʯǿ룬ħѾɱĽڽڰˡ
ߣߣˡ
û뵽ѩ˸ͷܡ

ħǿڳˣ֪ذܵսǵȻ׳յļȥ
ѩҲǺ޺޵صһҶ죬ȻˣСӣҼסˣ´һɱ㣬ǻעҪħ̲
𣡡
Ҷʩչǿս
䣡
ֲһ޴Ľɫӡ͸Ӵ߷ֱӽѩѪɡ
㡭ѩֵؿҶ죬û뵽ҶȻӵôǿʵ
һΣĻ㡣Ҷؿߵѩûм׷ϾڻûɱһλŽ
Ҷ죡
Ҷ֣
޳ʯӭ
ЩǿߺǿҲҶ죬һ񷢲֮ɫ
ȻǿҶһѩһĻʵ̫ˡ
ϾѩһλŽĹŽҲǹŽԶԶǽԿġ
Ҷ죬ȴֻһǿߣ츳ֲ̫ˡ
ĵһֲ̫˰ɣȷǻתһǿ̲סʵ
ǿҲ𾪣Ȼ֪Ҷʵǿû뵽ҶԻһλŽ
Ȼȥô꣬Ҷʵǿˡ
ҷ·𿴵˵ڶλҪˡ
ֻҪǿ϶Ϊڶ
Ҳǻ绹ϣ

߷׷뵽
ԶҶЦſ޳ʵû뵽㶼ˣҲ̫˰ɣǲǵõʲôԵ
ٺ٣ҵõΨһһλŽλ֮Ҿͽ˽磬Ϊڼ޳Ц


2215 λ
ʲô
õ˹Žλ
Աߵʯ۾һĽؿ޳
Ҷɻʲôλⶫֱӽ磿
ǽ磬ֻҪʱ䣬ΪŽҲ⡣޳ŵ
ôܣҶҲסˡ
һԵʯĽ֮ɫһλŽλȻҵõδҲ̫˰ɡ
Ǳħ׷ɱһż֮Уҵõλ޳̾ʱһΪˣû뵽һ塣
ܸܲҽһ£λʲôҶ۾һɣʵ̲סʵ
Ͱɣ
ʯɫΨһ߲ʱǵϵǲһǸϵֻҪΪǿߣλ
еǰ񣡡һԵĽ޳
ʯ۵˵ͷĳ˵λΨһߵıԴλ֮Уǵ۳λǳӲѱݻ١ˣսʱ򣬶Լλͳȥ˭õǵλǵ
ʵôǿߺͽ棬ΪͨΨһ磬лõΨһǿżҪıλЩߵõǿߵλ֮Ҫ˶ñǿ߾磬ɱԼǿˡ
ʯۼ˵ң˵ΨһпܻлǸǿµλǿĵλпܣҲǿðǰԭ򡣡
Ҷ굹һλֱһһҪǵõһλŽλô֮ǿԳΪŽ
һѹֻôǰ
Ҷ죬ʵǿ󣬿ȥѰΨһż޳һ˵Ψһ类ݻ٣ųɾŵΨһǿ䣬λкܶࡣ
Ҷüͷһʵô˵Щ˶ڻѰλ
޳ͷ˶ˣѰΨһǿµλҪһ졣ԣħǿֽǶûǷɢȥѰλҲ͸ħᣬһơ
ʯΪΪʳЩһҲ룬һħ˻磬ǾΪ˹Žôͷ
Щ˿²룬ҲͶ޳ЦʵѾͶħˡ
Ͼ񿨶һں˵ĺ٣ңܶǿߺͽ̫Զˣûʲôˡ
˵ڻͳ£ħͳ£ûʲôͬ
ħ˵лһɱǡҶ˵
߰ɣҲȥѰλҶҪǳΪ˽ʵ϶ǿʯ̲ס˵Щڴ
ҶпЦλûð
ߵǿֻ֮ռλûκô
޳Ҳһ㣬ûжԡ
ˣпСĽִ𣿡Ҷ漴ʵ
޳һħҺǷɢˣҿСͻĽִһӦû
ҶԷ˲٣ĽִߵʵǺǿģŽҲܱߡ
ȻˣǾȥǰܲҵλ˳̽һС䡣Ҷ漴˵
ţʯ۶Դ˺ڴƮ죬Ҫǿʵôλõѡ
޳ͷҪҵλ֪һط϶УֻǸطΣգǸղſһλŽҲ㡣
ʲôطʯ۶ʱȲʵ
ҶҲ޳Ͼ޳ôãֵõλ֪Ϣ϶Ƕöࡣ
Ψһʥǣ
޳Ŀص˵˵Ψһһλ׼ۣ֪׼ҲһλΨһŽλ֮󣬲֪ڹŽ֮ϣһ׼۾硣ʵħǻ磬ֻħǿһֱλΨһ׼ǣΨһ磬ͻܹôĺƽ
׼ۣҶɫһ
޳̾˿˵λ׼Ҳֵסħ磬ΨһҲͱݻˡʥǣλ׼۵סΨһ类ٵʱ̣Ψһǿ߶ʥ֮λ׼ƴֵħ磬λ϶кܶ࣬λ׼۵λڣǿߣͻǿߣ඼ۼֻΪ˽ʥȥѰλ
˵ĽִҲпܶˡҶ
޳ЦĽִǷҲҿ϶Ǹһ϶ڡ
ǺǣҶ΢΢һЦҲ֪ԸΪ׷ʵϧƴðաȻҶҲˡ
£˸ʥǣн޳·Ҷʯ㲻ʧˡ


2216 
ĺ벿ֳױˣΨһ类ݻ֮һ޴ΨһƬݺݵײڻĺ벿֣ʹһƬҵĵش
Ϊײ̫޴ˣܹµĶ٣󲿷ֶһЩΨһǿµıżȵȡ
ʥǣбΪõһ޴ż
ΪΪʥǷľ޴󻤳󷨱ķǳãȻû֣һǿޱȣǹŽԹƵġ
Ͼһλ׼۲õ󷨣ǿǱȻۻҪǿĴڣĴ۾Ҳֻа벽֮ң
Ҷ죬ʥˣ
Ҷ˵ִʥ⣬޳ָŲԶһӴż˵
Ҷʯۿȥ˽֮̾ɫ
ǰһƬɫһؽһأɢһֲѹ
ǿʥǣֻһ޴󷨣󷨹ģֱ޷Ǵûм
󷨣׼۲õģЩҲû֣ҿ϶ͷߡʯ۴һ̲ס̾
Ҷ֪󷨣ΪܸߣɵʵΣ𣿡
ϻŽȥΣգӦûᰲȫһЩټҵָ㣬ǿ϶ȱ˳һЩʯ۰Ҷһ۵
ҶԣħóĨԼ־޳ӣʯҲһħ㽫֣Ӧܹ֤ȫ
ã޳Ҳûпӹħ־ͿʼҶĹϵҲô
һԵʯۼ״ľҶظˣǿһŽ˶Ҫ֮ģҶ˵;ͳȥˡ
ҶˣֵһӦòٽˡʯ۰뵽
ͬʱѾ̤Ľ޳ħǳѸ٣Ͼе־ѾҶĨģȻ˳
ú󣬽޳ħ֣ʵһ¥ٱȼһЩеǿˣȻʯۣҲ˶١
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ж˿漴ǰ
ѹôӴЩûж϶߲˶ԶǿϹȥӦÿ׷ǡ޳˵
ҶͷϹȥ˵塢Сǡ
˶жټʯ󷨸ָ㣬Ը·ٶȷǳ죬һ׷һЩںǿߡ
ǽ
ǿĽ
˺ٶ죡
ЩǿҲҶˣ׷׳Ա߶ܣı˹
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޳Цλ̫ǿˣЩ˵һõһλǹŽλǾһ죬ȻҪðƴһ
ҶҡҡͷֻˣȷƴѾۼŽͽٽôܻûԵΪЩŽͽǰ׳հҿλ֣ٲһս
ˣħǿ𣿡ʯʵ
޳ҡͷʥǵĻܹҸӦħǿߣҽǳΣգЩӦĴ׷ɱĻߡ
Ҳãʡħǿߵõλʯ۵ͷ
˼ȫǰ
ܿ죬Խ󷨵ĵһأ˵ڶء
׷һЩһЩʵƫĽ
ţһλҶ죬ɫʱһ䡣
ͬʱҶҲ˴ˣһУȵ㡣
Ҷ죡˾ֵؿҶһۣתܡ
ߵ𣿡ҶЦ߶ѹȥλסˡ
ͬʱʯۺͽ޳Ȼ֪ΪΣҶ죬סλ·
Ҷ죡
λɫضҶ졣
ҶһЦؿǺǣþòǻԵ֡
λǱˣǵͺڵ֮Χɱλɢ޽ͬʱҲħ˵һԱ
Ȱ˵ҶħˣֻǱҶܾˡ
Ҷ죬û뵽ҲˣѰ·ħѾ˻棬öãħǿ߾Ҫˣҿȷ㣬ħӵлǸεǿ߾ʮλǻ޷ֵȰ㻹ǳͶɡǰħ˽˵


2217 λ
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Ҷ쿴Ŷħ˽ŭЦ㻹ħһŻȴѾԼΪħһԱֱ֪߳ܣ㻹һλ
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ڣҿħְǲǻ㡣ʯЦ
ħ˽Ƴʯۺͽ޳һۣмƾոսĽΪҶ찡ҶڣҵĶ֡

ʯŭһһԵҶ˵Ҷ֣֣
ң޳Ҳŭˡ
Ҷ˵ͷûж֣˵һԡ
ʯۺͽ޳ħ˽
ħ˽Ҷûж֣һϲԼλлߣֻҪץס޳ʯеһһҶ˼ɣʱܱסˡ
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Ŀֲħ˵ĽѪѸٱ
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ǺǣղŲǺſʵͶħ磬ҲֻܳΪǵһʯֳŶԷ
޳߶ħѹЦ˵̧ˣһڻңȻħ
ʯ۵˵ͷȷˣǰѣΪڻҵˡ
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£λħ˵ĽڱǸɱˡ
ΧĽԶԶģǸоҶ˲ǣһǿĽ׺ɱˣԱߵҶ컹ûжء
ǻĵһʯۣû뵽֮ʵôǿһ
ԱǸûжֵǿ˭ôλħ˵Ľܼɵ
ĵһҶ죬ǱֻһǿߣλŽûɱʵǿ󡣡

ЩлģҲģûһ͸Ҷ˵ݡ
ҶɱǸħ˵Ľ֮󣬱·뻤󷨵ĵأҲһء
ѹǿ󣬾Ҷжٶȶࡣ
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ҶȴпģҲ̫ģûгħǱߵĶǿߺѽһЩŽԽǸεħǿӦû޷
ǾǽʱҲӦòˣǵþʵȻʱֻڻˡʯɫص
޳Ҳ˵ͷǰûгеشΣһλŽλעҪΪŽʵǿˣȻҪеΣ硣
ҶͷҲЩУҪ̤磬ӵкͻǸ𿹺ս
䣡
ȻǰԶһصҶ˵궼ڼ¶
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ȹȥҶԽ޳˵Ϊ˱λ˶ߣȥһ
Ȼλ˵ûʲôô͸˰Ķӣˣǡ
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ͬʱĽǣҲλϹȥ
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ǹħİֽλȵõģǹħΪ𣿡ֽһ߻λһŭȵ


2218 ִʥ
֣ǻ棬ǹħ磬ѵһ㲻ɣ
ٺ٣ʲôħ壿ǻ۹ĽǹħҲֻưԣ۹Զˡ
ǽλȻûãȫԸҵͽܡ
λȻȥɣ

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ţҶ죡ֽ۾һɣԿҶ죬ʱĿ¶֮ɫ֪ҶĿֲʵ
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һԵİֽĽ񿴰׳һ
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ЩĽȫϳѺۣһѪɳȥҶĿ⾡Գ˺֮ɫ
ҶûмɱЩĽϾԿħʱЩҲһ
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һ̫̬ˡ
ôǿǿߣ϶һλŽʵ

ЩĽʱӴܣҶ׷ɱǡ
Ƭ̺󣬽޳ʯҲˣҶȡλ˶ǳġ
ϧǽλ޳̾Ϣ
ʯҲЩźԼǽҪλʲô
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޳̧ȥʱͫһǻĽִߣСǵõλǿ׷ɱ
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ԶĽִҲҶ죬ʱϲɫϴСҶ߳


2219 λ
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ǲͬŽλʯ۵ģϾʯ۲ǴԺģСߵҵԺԺ
ҶӣҲ÷ϾҶǴԺľ䡣


2220 
ʱʯҶĻҲǱˡ
û뵽ҶһŽελȻǽ裬ⶫ֮󣬻ٽⲻܰ
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Χס˵أеĻӳȥѪʱ¹ͽһ򾡡

Щħǿ߽ʥΧס


2221 ֿ̽
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2222 λԪ˧
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ԭͥλԪ˧ǲǱһôڴ˵أҶ쵭һЦ漴
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2223 ת
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Χɱ޳߶ħ֣ɱͥĵԪ˧
ҶʯҲΧλԪ˧
ƶʱת
ͥĵԪ˧ʵǿ󣬼㱻Ľִѹƣ֧š
ͥĵԪ˧ʵͺʯ۲࣬Ҷͽ޳ΧʱЩֵסˡ
һ棡У
Ҷ컹ͷŽУԪ˧ʵ
䣡޳ȫ߶ħɱ˹ŽλʱţΪҲڲϵǿټѾвŽεս
һߣʯ۵ʯǳ޴߸߾ĵԪ˧Ѫ


2224 ɱԪ˧
ۣ
ͥĵԪ˧ǳңҶΧŹϵѪɣ涼Ѻۣ˱ıԵ
ϾҶ˶жǿһ𹥻ֲ
ȥɣ
ʯ۴ʯߴͣӶӿܿ񱩣Уһսսصĸս
䣡
޳ʵȫ߶ħ֣ԶѹͥԪ˧Ľ䲻òֿȭӭսҶʯۣӶս
𣡡
Ҷ͸ӴǿսµܶʱͥԪ˧ϣѾ˺۵峹ױΪޡ
ջñӡ
֮
Ҷ֪ͥԪ˧ôȥϾԷһλǿĹŽʩչ깥
ۣ
֮УͥԪ˧Ѫ
ڲԶ壬ɫǳ԰ףڱǶðѪȻ˲ơ
ΪҶղ˵꣬û赲꼴ǿҲֵסҶĹ
ʯ۴ܹܵͥԪ˧֣пܻɱλŽ
޳ĬֻǽԼս߶ޣҶʯս
ˣ֧Ųסˡ
ͥĵԪ˧ԶĽִ߽սͥԪ˧
ͥĵԪ˧ߣֵԪ˧ҵӣʱɫһ䣬ºԥسʥϿմһֲ磬ᴩ񷡣
Ҷ״ʱɫ֪ͥǿߵϾͥеһԪ˧͵ڶԪ˧ǵǰԪ˧֮ϣ϶ʵǿ
£Ҷʯ۵˴ҶƴıԴܴ㹻ı˰֤ܵκƶָܻ
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˵գֱȼ˱ԴΪǵ˹ŽΣٴλӶﵽһֲĳ̶ȣֱӽͥĵԪ˧򱬡
һߣ޳ҲȼձԴŽεĹ
𣡡
ҶҲˣǿսҪǮش嶼ֲסˣҲƴ
飡
ͥĵԪ˧ǳңϵ壬ȴϵرҶΧŹ򱬡
ټҶʩչ깥ɱ꣬ԽԽ
ڣԪ˧ҶΧ
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ԶĽִ߽սͥԪ˧ɵĵԪ˧ж¶֮ɫʶô꣬սôĺѣˣɵøеһ
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Ľִ߶߶ӣԪ˧ߵĻᡣ
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ò˵λŽۻǷȻӵλ
λһŽελһֱһ󱦲أǷˡʯۼһ飬ʱϲɫ
Ҷͽ޳Ҳǳ˷ܣελǲںǾȻһŽελ
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ҶóһЩ˰ʯۺͽ޳Ǿָơ
˰ĹЧǳǿʯۺͽ޳һȫָˣΪ˹ŽλƴһսǵΪʯۣѾܽӽŽˡ
ߣǽǸһҲɱˣʵǿϵλ϶ࡣʯۻָ֮󣬱ȥͥĵԪ˧ˡ
Ҷͽ޳һۣҲϹȥˡ
ͥʵǿһʥǣõλ϶кܶࡣҶ뵽
ͥѾ׼ͶħˣɱҲûй˼ɡ
ۣ
Ҷ졢ʯۡ޳ͻĽִĴֵֹͥĵԪ˧סֱӴѪɣ沼Ѻۡ
Ҫ֪Ҷ졢ʯۺͻĽִ˶ŹŽεĹټϽ޳ޱƽŽεսͥĵԪ˧ǿҲһġ
ûһͥĵԪ˧ͱΣƲأ뱻ɱҲԶˡ
ʱͻȻһɷǳǿƴʥԶ
˸ҷͥ
δһŭѾˡ
ʥǶںƵ
ǿʵĽִһ𾪣ܹо˵ʵֲлҲǶ֡
ˣͥĵһԪ˧ͥĵԪ˧ϤʱиһϣشЦ
Ҷɫһ䣬æȵ춯֣Ƚնɱ
ͥĵһԪ˧⿴֪ʵжôֲ
Ϊ˷ֹ⣬Ҷ쵱ȻҪɱͥĵԪ˧ͥĵһԪ˧ˣ֮ѵ£


2225 һԪ˧
ɱ


ܵͥһԪ˧ǿ
ҶǶƴͥԪ˧ҪͥһԪ˧֮ǰնɱ͵һԪ˧֡
ͥĵԪ˧ʵǳǿ󣬼㱻ҶΧҲҧš
ǵһԪ˧ĵȥϣ

ԶڼٸͥһԪ˧ҲҶ˵ľٶʱޱȱŭǹǿϯʥǶ𶯡
ɱ
Ҷɫ䡣
ͥһԪ˧ٶ̫ˣѾܽӽ˵ˡ
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Ľִȫ߶ӣֲͥԪ˧һλ
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ͥԪ˧ǼˣڲԶ壬Ȼʵ½˺֧ܶ࣬סˡ
ˣͥĵԪ˧ЦſҶˡ
ΪͥĵһԪ˧Ϲˡ
䣡
һǿϢ
Ҷɫһ䣬˿ȥ
ͥĵһԪ˧һǳ˧ֳ꣬һ˽ɫǹһ˫ǱɫģĿޱͬĵ档
ţ
ܵͥһԪ˧Ҷ˶ܵһɳصѹ
һľ
ͬǹŽǰͥһԪ˧ƺǿЩֲ
ϢҼҲˡʯ۰
Ҷ˵ͷҲʶʯڵĿ£ͬǹŽΣλһԪ˧ǳֲ
Ԫ˧أ
ʱͥһԪ˧ϢĵԪ˧üʵ
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ͥĵһԪ˧ԿҶˣĿǿҶϣ΢΢һǿߣӦþǸҶɣ˵лǰǱҼʶʶɡ
˵ͬʱͥһԪ˧Ȼ֣һ˽ɫǹգƥܣɱҶ졣
Сģ
Ľִߴȣæ߶ӭ
أӱɣĽִ߸ǵѪ
һǿϯҶ˶ڲϺˡ
ǿ
Ҷ졢ʯۺͽ޳˶ȻоЩš
Ľִ߶ѾŽˣӵлӣȻԷһ˵ʵҲ̫˰ɡ
ӣ
ͥһԪ˧ĽִߣЦϧʵ̫жҲӲȫǻһɵ
ߣĽִһ߶ɱ
һϣҶ֪Ľִ߸һԪ˧Ķ֣æȵ
ʯ۵ҶһɱһԪ˧
ڽ޳ʵƫһ㣬ȥɱͥĵԪ˧ˡ
ʱĵԪ˧ƲأѾû˹Žε˽޳ѹˣֻһʱԽնɱ
ߣ
޴
ͥĵһԪ˧ʹҶ˵ΧҲɷƮƵнɫǹɨȥûĽִߵ˵ĹЧ
ʵĲ࣬˵ǿ
ͣ
Ҷ쵹ɳȥһԪ˧һȭ壬±˰Զ壬ɫޱء
ǲ
ͥĵһԪ˧ץסʯ۵Ӵʯ˫һ㽫˺ѳ룬Ȼ͵سųĻĽִҹȥ
Ľִߵ˵ʯۣòջػӣͥĵһԪ˧һǹؿڡ
֣ȴƬ̶ûм֣ͱͥĵһԪ˧
ǿʵҶ˾
ǲһ
ͥһԪ˧ֳֽɫǹ̤Ŀ֮г˲м֮ɫҶ죬ǿ֮Ҳˡ
Ҷ̤磬ضɱ㡣
ʹ̤磬ҲŽҵĶ֡ͥĵһԪ˧м
ʲôǿ֮
ŲмһˣʵҪġ
۲ǿ֮Ҳվ۷壬޵£
һõ
ޣ˶꣬ҶꣿʲôΪҶʲôΪҶһʱҿ㻹û˵ʯŭ
ĽִҲŵһԪ˧ЦģᣬΪͥĵһԪ˧ʵǺͬһʱţֻΪܸۣ۵ʵ۷żͥġ
ԭһϼһߣôʱ䣬Ҷаճۡʯ۲м
ͥĵһԪ˧ŭ˵ϧûˣǾҪڴ˵ء
磬һ仰仰ͿԼŭģ̫ãѾž޲
䣡
ͥĵһԪ˧ǹɱ
Ҷҧƴȥ伤Ҳɱ
Ƭش׷ˣֲӿȡ


2226 
ͥĵһԪ˧ʵ̫ǿˣһһʽ̺ųԽŽǿĽִȫ߶ӵֵҲֵס
Ҷʯ۶ˣ͸ˣǿű˰Ѹٻָƣͱɱˡ
ȥҲֲ֧˶á
ô죿
ҶޱȽȻǵһξͷһЩ޲ߡ
Ŀ׷ɱٻлƣͷڡ
Ҳܵħ͹λŽΧ޽ŵĻɽ
ڴԺܵλŽĹдԺĻ󷨣Ҳǿս
λͥĵһԪ˧ʵ̫ǿˣԶһĹŽ
ҶѾ޷񷣣ûеյ롣
ֻ޲ˡ
һʲôƣ
Ҷ˼š
ı˰Ѿ࣬ϾʵÿһλָҪϰٶ˰ĽִŽҪٶ֮࣬ӵһ˰ҲѾһˣֲ˶á
ƣƣ
ҶԺм˼š
ǾžŹһ֮ǿսѾʩչˡ
վֻһǿߣǿ֮ǿߣԼʵŽΣѾǼˡ
뿴˭ǿ߾Ž
ҲֻҶǿ֮޵ܹõ
ǰǿޱȵͥһԪ˧ǹŽսҲԶԶ
Ҷ죬ߣס
ͻȻĽִ߶Ҷ촫
ţҶɫһĽִߡ
ĽִߴʱѾȼձԴƴˣҶܹ̤ŽѾǼˣԺңȴ㣬һҪӳȥ㻹ҪԽۣԺҪˡ
ȻĽִߴԼΪҶ
Ҷһ뿴һĻڳʼս֮Ѿʧȥ˺ܶˣһϣʧȥ
ߣ
Ľִߴâɣ˵ϢڱǡһλŽȼձԴǳֲټϻһ˲䵲סͥĵһԪ˧

ͥĵһԪ˧ĽִߵĿЩ֮ͣû˿ԽԽǿˡ
Ҷ֣ߣʯҲȼ˱ԴƴɱͥĵһԪ˧
ʯ㡭ҶĿؿʯۡ
ʯ۴Цʯǰ飬˺ܶˣû뵽ҵʱ򣬽ʶѣ޺Ҷ֣ҶΣλΪɡ
ʯ֣㲻ˡҶ̾Ϣ
ʯѾȼձԴһ޴ʯˣݺݵͥĵһԪ˧
㻹̫ͥĵһԪ˧Ƴһֱ̧ۣһǹ
ĶңĽִߴһ߶ӵסͥһԪ˧Ľɫǹ
ͥһԪ˧һֻ̽˳ȥһץסʯ۵
أͥһԪ˧һ߳ȥ޴ʯӴʯ嶼ɳȥһʥǵһƬ
߰
Ľִ߿ŻվҶ죬ɵô
Ҷ֣ߣҰװˡʯ۴һٶɱͥĵһԪ˧
Ǹ˵һĻ
Ȼһ
һ̣һߴӰԶ̤ͥԪ˧ԣһȭ޳ɳȥ嶼ıˡ
ʲô
Ҷɫһ䣬ͥǿˡ
ڶԪ˧ҲˣͥĵԪ˧ˣʱϲ
ҶȴһȻͥĵڶԪ˧ȻȲϵһԪ˧ʵ϶ڵԪ˧֮ϣʱͻȻֱǾ
ʵϣĽִߺʯ۶ˡ
ǺǣһԪ˧û뵽Գ֣ôʱ䣬ʧڶԪ˧ԶսĵһԪ˧Ц
һԪ˧ߵб⼸СһʵȻУһЩ鷳
ȱһǾ͸ˡڶԪ˧ԳʯȥʯеĿ΢΢һЦԭʯħĶʺңҲʯħɣҺЩڣӾ
䣡
˵գڶԪ˧ʯۺɱȥ
ֲɢȻȵһԪ˧٣ǿѹҶɫ䡣
£⻹ô򣿡ʯ۰һȴҲֳֻӭȥ
أ
ɣʯ۵ʯ屻˶Ѫɡ
ڶԪ˧ɱʯۣмҲҪ˭ʯħһɵȴֵһᡣ
ʯħ㣬㻹ô˵𣿡һм
˭
ͥĵһԪ˧ڶԪ˧ʱתͷȥ
Ҷʯȴ¶ɻΪǾЩϤ
ˢ
ԶһɫĹͷ˹


2227 ɫͷ

ϤɫͷҶʯ۽ˣɵ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ǵõһͬħʱʶɫͷ˵Ψһǿġ
Сӣþò
ɫͷɵҶԱߣһЦ
ǰҶʱϲ֡
ǰʯҲں
ɫͷʯҵӣҡͷЦ㻹ǸʯڶСһ֣ʯڸıף۽ǾˣȻʯˡ
Ҷ𾪣ʯôǿ
ǰɣϴʯڣûɫͷ˵ôǿҲͺ͵һԪ˧
ȻҲпΪʯǻңûзӳȫսйء
ңʱʯǳֿȭûʹֶ
ߣŪ顣
ͥĵڶԪ˧ɫЩɫͷɱⲻ⣬Ͼ˵˵ĳ裬Щʵġ
ͥĵһԪ˧ɫͷиһĨ֮ɫЩ⣬˵Źǵµ־Ϊͷ̫ǿˣԭ־곹ױסˡ
û뵽㿴ˣЩҲгѹֵ棬Ҫ˶ãͿ̤һˡ
ɫͷһԪ˧΢в졣
ߣԲѣվֻһ˵ĹͷѣҴݻɡͥĵڶԪ˧Ѿ̲סˣ߶ɱ
ҪݻңɫͷмһЦ漴ɳȥͥڶԪ˧Ľײһ
أ
ޱ貵ɫԱ
ͥڶԪ˧ĽȻɫͷײˣѺۣͥڶԪ˧Ѫ
ôܣĹͷôôӲͥڶԪ˧ŵصɫͷ
ߺߣɫͷЦмڻش
һԵͥһԪ˧ɫصСģûв´Ļͷһ۹ǣĹͷƾҵ޷顣
ʲôͥڶԪ˧ɫ䡣
Ҷ˶𺳡
۹ǰǿǴ۵Ĺͷ
ɫͷѵǰһϴۣ
ɫͷͥһԪ˧ЦСӼʶ㣬ͷǵϵҳ֮ʣֲһ۹ǣˡ
ܹдֶΣ㸸˭ͥһԪ˧
ҶҲǳؿɫͷ
ɫͷԿѾǷһʥǣ¶һɱ˵Ĳ̾Ϣ֮ǰҵļң˺ܶ飬ҾһС
ɫͷܷɵš
һҾ¥ǰϲԷ
ҵ䳡ٺ٣СʱҾȥǼ档
żңǼҵѾͷƯǰ͵ϴ衣

ɫͷ˵ĶһЩȤ£ȴ޾ıˡ
ǰǰסҶ̲סʵ
ô˵ڳ˶õ
ɫͷǰʥǵˡ
ҵĸףΨһǿĴڣų˴ۣңΨһãʥǵ
ɫͷ˵ԼݣڳЩš
Ȼ𺳣˶ɫͷ˵ġ
ϾҲֻλǿ˴ۣ۹ǣɫͷֲϡ
ףһˣϧѾˡ
֪½磬ΪѾ˺ħƴľġ

ɫͷܱˣ
ҶǰοǰҪ̫ˣ˴Ҳ뿴
ԶͥĵڶԪ˧Цԭʥǵݵȷܸߣϧ㸸Ѿˣڵ㣬һڵ۹֮йӲдķˡ
СӣǵۣҲô˵ɫͷ˵
ߣϣڵ㣬ʣ¶ʵͥĵڶԪ˧м
ʯԱ˵ǰͥѾͶħˣɱ
ͥĵڶԪ˧ЦָһɱңһЦ
ݣ
ɫͷ䵽ҶУСӣ˵˵ûҵȷӲҵ۹Ƿǳǿһ㣬Ի۹ǣĳ̶ֳ˵Ҳ˵ǵ
ãǰôˣҿҲܲˬҶʱϲץסɫͷͽȥһǿϯ
ǵúʱֳɫͷͰ߸ˡ
ӵŽεս͸ܹɫͷˡ
ɱ
Ҷ쳯ͥĵڶԪ˧ȥѾһˣ˿÷й
ǰͥĵڶԪ˧ȻãĻȴҶܲˬ
ͬʱĽִߡʯҲ±˰ѸٻָƣһԪ˧ס
ҵսٴοʼˡ


2228 ۹֮
¡¡
Ҷ콫ȫɫͷУ̺еʥ־Ҷͨ۹֮ŵĴ۵ġһǿ޵еϢʱ
ϢǿֲܿȻǺܶ࣬ʡȴܸߣͻħࡣ
ҪǣҶȻиܵһϤϢڤϢ
ôܣ
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Ȼڤȴ̺һЩڤϢ˵аڤ
Ҷ𾪣ڤǶĴ˵ڤڤǸһǿ֮ģôڤӦúռһǶĴڲŶԣô۹ǵġء
Сӣô㣡ɫͷȵӦҶЩæѡ
ŶţҶʱӦڿɲǾЩʱæ߶ɫͷŶͥڶԪ˧ȥ
أ
ͥĵڶԪ˧߶ӭҶһЦ۹һǿߵСܷӳ
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ͥڶԪ˧Ľɫͷײһ˫ֲڱɾκײһ𣬿ֲγ˷ϯȥǿ
ɫͷȷǿȻĵסͥڶԪ˧ĽҶ͸ɫͷȻͥڶԪ˧¡
ţе˼
ͥĵڶԪ˧Ҳܵɫͷǿ΢΢һ漴ҶЦԵסˣǵһԪ˧ʵһǿֻСϺ󣬱ǵڡ
ģΪ߻һǿĵһԪ˧
ҶԲɵÿһԪ˧ǱߣĽִߺʯѾǳңǻѪޱǱ˰֧ţˡ
ǣҶʣı˰Ѿֻʣһǧˣ»Ľִߺʯۼֲ˼Ρ
Сӣ׳հôսǳԿ۹ǼȻôͬҲսɫͷҶ졣
Ҷʱͬඥ԰ԼɫͷͥڶԪ˧ôʩչսأ
˵ʩչǿս
Ҷ۾ʱ˫֮нɫԱһ̤ǰͺȵ𡣡
ǿĵټǿսһ̣Ҷеɫͷ֮бǰδеĿֲܡ
䣡
һƬ嫵Ĵضڷڣʱ
ʲôͥĵڶԪ˧ܵҶ˿̱Ŀֲܣʱ𾪣Щš
ǿսСӣû뵽ᣬȻԴǿսɫͷЦ
ҶЦǻǿսɲԴġ
ҲˣȻԼԴǿսǿҲˡɫͷʱ
ȻǿսıҶеɫͷȻǧ򱶣һͨ쳹صľȻͷų۵Ľɫԡ
Ҷп֮·ͷ֮۶ɵġ
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ɫͷޱȿֲڳɫ䡣
ҵס
ͥĵڶԪ˧߾ȫ߶еĽûãǾ޴ɫͷһǿĿֲϯ
ǲ
ͥڶԪ˧еĽʱ飬ǿϣ嶼ĹѿѪɳȥɫɷס
ţ
ԶսͥһԪ˧״ͫ׶ʱһƺЩš
ڶԪ˧ȻһЩҲ˶٣һĹŽ俹⣬ھȻһǿ߸ѪɣѵǸ۹ôֲ
СӣϣɫͷЦ
ϣҶһ׷ŵڶԪ˧ɱȥž޴ɫͷֲɨȥõڶԪ˧޷
أ
ܿ죬λͥĵڶԪ˧ͱˣԶ壬أϾûб˰ָơ
СӣղŲǺܿأ͸һһǱɫͷεسЦ
ͥĵڶԪ˧ŭս˫ȭҧгݵصҶ죬ȻһСˣֱǳ谡
䣡
ҶɲɫͷŵڶԪ˧ɱȥ
һڶԪ˧ֱˡ
ţ
ͥĵһԪ˧ڿȥˣƲ»ĽִߺʯۣҶ߸Ϲ
û취ĽִߺʯۣȻɱǣǱߵͥڶԪ˧ҲᱻҶɱ
䣡
ҶƼͥһԪ˧ϹһҲη壬ֱɫͷȥ
ͥĵһԪ˧ֳֽɫǹӭһǿϱ֮ɫͷš


2229 
𣡡
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ǿļһҶ찵𾪣ѹĽִλŽֳֶ۸ôң˵ʵȷֲܿ
СӣһȷѾԴǿսıԵˣǿսǱԺǰ۱ȼ硣ɫͷѵص˵
Ҷ԰𾪣Դǿս˵ǿսȫ£ԴǿսѾ츳ˣҪӴĻۡ
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Ҷ츳ȻܸߣĻ̫ˣϾٶȿ죬۾͸ˣЩŽܶࡣ
ԣҶҪǿսǼܣһΪǰǿ
ǰλͥĵһԪ˧ǺһʱţޱȻ츳Ҳܹﵽһ
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Ľִߺʯ˺۵ظϹˣ˹ЦֽٺҸС
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Ҫ츳ʯۺҶ죬лһģ嶼Ҫѷɫһ޳ѷɫĸˡ
ûʯ̤ŽκʵԽ˻Ľִɴ˿ɼ츳жôǿ
ˣҲżλ̤ŽεġҶ߹ο
ٺ٣޳ЦЦʵżϾ츳ܹΪǿ߶ǿˣ˵ԳΪŽѾˡ
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УҪȥҸףôǿӦûᱣסʬ壬λסˡɫͷܾ
ҶһϲæǾȥ˴ۣһ׼۵λҪǵõˣԿħ͸ˡ


2230 Σ
ɫͷҪȥ˴ۣҶֵ֧ģϾλ˴λǾһ׼λħֵʱ򣬾һ޴
Ҳף˴λļʺСϾħǿҲɵӣǿɲ˴ǿλǺòɱ˴ִۣһλ׼۵ˣǰæһ
ҶҲûеǵĻɫͷ
ɫͷָ£ǰʥ
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ǰڣõġҶЦݣҲǵʮ㣬ɫͷԿһԪ˧ʵǵʯۺͻĽִҲԵסڶԪ˧ѾӵԱʵˡ
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ȻʥǶһҵҡΣͬһ㡣
ͬʱзӿзػ󷨶ˡ
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ɫͷЩе˵죬ӿٶȸҵҸ׵ʬ塣Ҳµûħǿ߿ˣ𼶱ǿߣȻܺ󷨡
𣿡Ҷ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ɫͷħ൱ߵĽΣ൱ߵĹŽǱȹŽҪǿĴڣ뵱Ļ۱ȼ硣֮⣬֮ϻʣǺҸһǿڡ
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Ϊ֮ƣֻпҵҸ׵ʬ壬ҺһѪҸ׵־ħɱˣҵ־ڣҿԼԦʵȻӵǰʵסǿԵġɫͷ
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ħҶ졣ڶԪ˧Ҷ޵ҧгݡ
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ֲǣ׼ֲ̫ˣҶ˵־ϵܵжǼŹŽεսҲ޷档


2231 λ
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ǹŽʵĽ綼̽Ĺò˶ʱ䡣
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ǰʲô취Ҷ쿴ɫͷʵɫͷӦа취
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ҶüͷһȻʵҲ˵ǿԺɨʥǡϾͥλԪ˧֣൱ڣοﻹͻء
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ԣ˼һʱ֮󣬱㶼ɫͷٻ˴۵ʬ塣
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϶˴۵ʬ壬ǿ㡣

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ԭڻеǿߣѾȥ˴ʬˡ
죬ӿٶȣҷ˽ӽҸ׵ʬˡɫͷ
Ҷɫһ䣬漴æӿٶȡ
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Ƕʣʳ˻ʣһλǿĹŽʯҲϳһˡ
Ҷȥסǣȥ˴۵ʬ塣
ţҶ죡
ʯۣ
Զ˴ʬĹŽǣҲҶһˣʱһ
Ҷ֣Сĵ㣡ʯ۴һ߶һסŽǳ𺳡

ĽִҲˣ߶ӣҲסλŽ
λŽҶ졣
Сӣһǿ߾ȻܵˣѰ·лĹŽʶҶ죬ɵЦ
أҶӶɫͷǿսֱֲܱӽλĹŽϡá
ʲô
λŽʱ𾪵ĵɴ۾
Զʯ۴սĹҲš
Ҷôôǿ
ǿһλǿĹŽʲôèȻҶ˲ˡ
ò˵һĻʵ̫ˡ
ڸղסҶλŽŵúˣǿɲ뱻򱬡
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˴۵ʬǳֲȻͱˣҲҶлĶǿʬ塣
Ȼʱ䷢ˡ
ݣ
һɫ貹â˴ʬԭŵĵط˷ȥ
ʲôҶһЩɫâ֮иܵλĲһǳǿ󣬳ԽЩŽελ
ɫͷЩҸ׵λħǿߴˣᣬѵλҲȹŽΡ
ʲôҶٴξ漴ԥسץԼһɫš
ͬʱҲЩλĿֲ׷׳ᡣ
ʯҲټˣڳĹŽЩλ
ţдϢ
Ҷһץסһɫţ΢һӦɫʱһ䣬漴嶼


2232 

ǴϢ
Ҷ˫âʢ֮ɫΪвȱλ֮иܵһİϢ
ⲻǻҲħڤһµĴ
СӣôɫͷҶɵúȵ֣λҸ׵λƬҲͳһŽ
ǣǣҶͷ漴æȥɫâ
ͬʱҶɫͷʵǰ߳ԼĴ𣿡
ϻ߳ԼĴôܳΪһ׼ۡϧħ֣ûиҸ׼ɳʱ䣬Ȼ϶ΪһĴۡɫͷЩź˵
ҶʱЩλ֮е⣬ں̺һµĴΪȫԼռִӶռ
ҽзˣ
ҶޱȼͬʱӿٶȣץȡЩɫš
֪ҪٸɫŲԼ磬ǶץȡһЩ϶õġ
ΪЩλҶȫƴˣ˭ҸᣬֱӾɫͷȥ
ɻȥڤ˰ЩλҶΨһĻᣬôܻ
ǰʯ֣ЩλдãһҪҶһЩҲ̤硣
ҶͬʱҲʯۺͻĽִߴ
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ţ˴۵ʬأ
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ã˴۵λȻˣҲ󣬸Ͻᡣ

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Ҷɫһ䣬ûеģǼλ
ûĽִߺʯԼ߿£һͥԪ˧ѣҲܹʱԮ
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ȻҶ˴۵ʬ壬Ǿͱ֣Ͼħ籣֤ˣһҪȡ˴۵ʬ塣
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Ľִ߾͸ˣȥЩλϾҶΪҪ
Ҷ죬˴۵ʬ壬ҿԷ뿪ͥĵһԪ˧̤նϢƵԨǳֲ
Ҷ죬ɣڶԪ˧ɱڵӣ˸һ󺮹⡣
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ҶӶɫͷŶλԪ˧ҹȥǿս֮ǿǵһϯ
䣡
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֮䣬ǿɢȥҿռ䶼ڷڡ
һ֮˶ںˣȻǲʤ
Ҷɫһ䣬Ԫ˧̫ˣ֣ѾԵֵɫͷˡ
ȻҶ첻壬һ޷ڳȥЩλˡ
ҶСӣ۹Ǿ͸ˣҪȽҸ׵ʬ֮׼һȻ޷Ԧ塣ɫͷȻ
Ҷ쵣ĵǰˣ۹ǻ𣿡
ģѾϤ۹ǣһߵֵǵĹһ۹ǣͰɽһԲ١ɫͷ
ǺãҶ쵱Լĳʼ棬ɫͷ־˴۵ʬ塣
Ͼ滹ħǿڹʥǵĻ󷨣ɫͷ˴۵ʬ壬µʱʱ
ɫͷ־һ뿪ɫͷ˺ܶ࣬Ҷȫ߶ǿס
ףͷˡ
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ͥλԪ˧ҲҶ״ʱоϲӿ칥ٶȡ
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ʱţ˴۵λѾڳˣеѸˣеս
ĽִߺʯּսͥĵԪ˧͹档
ʯ۽֮ټܣԺ͵Ԫ˧ƽ֡
ĽִŻӣȫѹŹ
ҶƳһۣͳ׷ˣȻԼʼеĵ۹ǡ
ɫͷ뿪֮۹Ѿû־ˣҶǳס


2233 Ѫ
Ҷ죬˴۵ʬ壬˵ħĴѾΧסʥǣܲġһԪ˧һ߹Ҷ죬һ߳ȵ
ϻʲôϽɱڶԪ˧ҶĿг˱ɱ⡣
Ԫ˧һǰһ󣬼йҶ졣
ҶֳɫͷϵصֵȴеѹԽԽ
ͿҪɫͷˡ
䣡
Ҷ쳹ɫͷ֮۹ǵƸӲˣһǿϯòԶĵһԪ˧͵ڶԪ˧ļ¡
𣡡
ҶһӶɫͷŵڶԪ˧ȥ
أ
λͥĵڶԪ˧ֱӱҶˡ
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ͷֱǿˣڶԪ˧Щŵ˵
۹ǣһԪ˧ʲôɫһ
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ᵽ˼λ
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⼸ĹŽʱ󺧣ȻʶҶ죬ǸղҲҶֳɫͷƣλպͥԪ˧Եֵ

Ҷ쿴ӣɫͷҹȥǿϢֲܱ
أ⼸Ž޷ֵɫͷֱӱ䱬塣
ҶٴŭλҿԷһ·
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ţͥĵһԪ˧׷ȥҲκβСӵе۹ǣǸ򲻹ǵħǿƿʥǵĻ˵ɣ汻ħΧǸӲ
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һԵĹһ汻ħĴΧˣ
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ѡħ磡ԥƬ̣ǻش
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ӦǲȽ

ʥ⣬ӰԽԽʵ
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ʥħǿ߼״׷׳ߴӰ
ݼѪʣ
һħǿߣЩ𣬶ͷ
Ϊǰ֮ˣħһλʣһ׼ۼϴڣǴ֮ǿĴڡ


2234 
䣡
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ͬʱѪ̧һֻƣŲԶʥǻ󷨹һ貵ɫ˺գֱӽǿĻ˺ѿ
˴۵ȷǿ󣬵û׼֣ҲֵһᡣѪһ漴һ߶׳أһ߶ԶħǿɱʥǣǲͶģȫһҪ˴۵ʬ壬Ҳеڶ˴۳֡
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λ׷״ħǿߣʥ֮С
ѾѪ˺ѣѾ޷赲ǡ

ѿ𣿡
ͬʱʥ֮УҶ˿б˺ѳһ޴ѷ죬𺳡
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Ҷ죬λΪģȷŨ񣬵һΣҿôʥǡĶ˵
СӣˣˣȲ㡣ħԨЦ
ͻȻһɹǿϢٽ
ڳɫһ䣬Ƕ֪ħǿˡ
⣡Ҷ졢ʯۡĽִ˲ɵõ
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˴۵ʬأ
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һ̣һλħ̤նǿϢڳ˶еһ׷׸оԼ궼ڲ
ǿǻǸεǿ𣿡
Ҷ쿴֮λֻоԼڵռڲԲڿԿĳǿߡ
ˣ˴۵ʬСӶˡͥĵڶԪ˧æ˵ָŲԶҶ졣
ŶĿתҶ죬Ҷʱо䣬·ڵѪҺסˡ
һǿߣ̫ʧˡջĿ⣬ͥλԪ˧һֻʵǾͲħ硣
ͥλԪ˧ʱˡ
һԪ˧æ˵ˣСʵŽҪǣһ۹ǣκβ
۹ǣ
λб貵⣬ŲԶҶ졣
һ̣ǿѹͷųڳ˶ѹƵֻеһԪ˧͵ڶԪ˧ʵǿܹǿ֧š
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ҶоԼȫͷѡ
޷ˡ
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ѣҶóɫͷ߶ס塣
ʱɫͷͫһ漴ϲȻһ۹ǣû뵽ս͵õ
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ȻʱҶ첻ϲͻȻſԼĳʼ棬һǿϢϯ
ߣҵĵ۹ǣ߾ߵ˵𣿡
һߴӰҶĳʼ˳
˴۵ʬ塣
ʥ־š


2235 ɱ
ǰ
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Ҷ졢ʯ۵˴ϲ
ʥףҲ˴۵ʬ壬߳Ҷĳʼ棬һǿϢ˷ϯʥǶڲ
Ҷ˷ǳϲΪϢ֮ǿ֮Ҫǿࡣ
治һλ׼۵ʬ壡Ҷ̾ȻʥԼҲǿǸܷӳ˴ʬ
˴ۣ˴Ѿλͬھˣ㵽˭һ漴ȵ
ںˣȻʥЩɵ
Ҷ켸˰𾪣ĵλ˴ۻȻλͬھǿ׼۰
ɴ˿ɼ˴ʱ䣬ܻ̤۾硣
Ǻǣ˴ҵĸף˵˭
ʥЦţǰɱ̧һֻƣһɺ嫵ĴпֲĵӳǿϢա
˴Ȼ׼ۣĴۣվմһ֣ۡȻҲе˾̧֮䶼ǳֲ
һָ߲ζԵͲεѹƣͺһһվǰֲС
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Ц³ʥݡ
ͬʱٿؽµܣ˴۵ײš
ħΣλʣҲǱҸ׸ɱˣʣ¼λʣǻԻ׼۴ڣһҪһ񡣡ʥмͬʱָͣ嫵ĵڲϵɢ
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ͥĵԪ˧ߵģʥ滹мλʶҪˣӲġ
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ʥץסͥڶԪ˧ĲӣԴֱӰѪȾա
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쿴вλ
Ľִ߿ɱͥڶԪ˧ƷʱؽϾʥҪЩ
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ϣʥѳʮ˴۵λƬ
жסŽǿ߼λʥһԵ͸Ҷˡ


2236 ܶ©
ʮ˴۵λƬ
ټҶǶõʮ˴۵λƬǾһжʮ˴۵λƬˡ
ҶЩλƬϲɫ
Ӧ㹻ҽˣǿҶ찵뵽
ֻҪ̤˽磬ʵͻᱩ࣬ħǿߣҲܹ֮һսˡ
ħֵֹؼʱ̣Ҷ̫Ҫʵˡ
Ľ磬лͻˡ
Ȼޱȼ
ڻʱ򣬱ϾѾħĴΧˣʱչس磬ǲѰ·
ˣѹսҶ쿴ʥʵǰħ֣Ǹô죿ղŲ˵ǻ绹׼˭
ô֪ʥҡͷЦҸղҲֻǺѣڻ׼ֻۣ֪һǾħһﵱħλʴǻңһֱ˯ҲȥħˣӦ֪
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Ҷݡ
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ǺǣǾֻܿˡʥЦҸΪȡôʱ䣬սˣΨһ綼ˣǻֵܵסħ磬Ǿͻ䡣
ʥƺЩԹϾĸսˣΨһ綼ݻˣѾ˹¼ҹһԼҲ֪֧Ŷá
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ʥǣ΢΢οͷǷģôΪŬкֻܶ࣬лۣиǰڰУ˭ʤ˭һء
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ʥҡͷǿ֮Ǻǳ⣬ṳ̂ǿ߾磬Ҳ޷ָ㡣
ⲻܰɣҶԾɵ˵ڤڤʲǿ֮Դǿڤ
ʥҡͷŪˣʵڤҲǻһֻ֣ǺڤΪ˳׼۾磬ȥġȥôãҲ֪ɹ̤׼۾ûС
Ӧóɹ˰ɣڤҼǿ󡣡Ҷ˵꣬ʵ˵ڤʧܾˣҲ֪ȥ
Ӧڵֵħɣʵǻ粢ֻлһط֣ܵǻкܶ©ֻдСѡ
ʥǰΨһ©Ψһ类ݻٺħ˻棬̶硣֮⣬磬Ҳһ©ڤʾֵħ֡ţĵᣬҲһ©Ȼ󣬱ǻսԨˡ
Ҷ𾪵Ҳǵģʱ뵽޽ǽʯţѵ
Ļô޽ǾЩˡ
ͬʱô©ҶеѹܴҪεֵħǿߡ
䣡䣡䣡
ڴʱǿϢʥϿա
ҶһпǿӰлλǰߵʣµҲλ£Ȼ𼶱ħǿߡ
λ𶼹ˣλʽҲˡ
ʥʱ֮ɫ
Ҷ˽͵ħ磬һλһλ𣬺ȻһλҪֻ棬һסǣǿ硣
ǰأҶ̲סʵôħǿߣλʶҪˣʥڴ˵أ³֪
Ҹ׺Ψһ˶ˣһŸʲôʥЦһùҶеɫͷֱĨеҶӡǣ˵Ϊ˵ֵסλʣ۹ǻǻҰɣһ߾ȫס棬Ϊȡʱ䡣СӣȻǿ֮ǾͿΪ׼۰ɣĻͿˡ
˵գʥӶеĵ۹ǣλɱȥ


2237 ӻ
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ɱ
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ǰأҶ쳯λսʥһۣ漴̾һʯ۵˷ػ硣
ʥԼѡѡԼĸסһսҶ
ͬʱ׷ĽŲħߡ
һҪΪ׼ۣ
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׼ص󣬾ϱչس磬ѸԼʵ
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սڲϵŽεս洦ɼǿ߶ڴƬ䣬ǳĲҡ
ʥλսǾ͸ӿֲˣŽҽӽƬ񱩵ĵش
Ҷ˸Ŵ󲿶ʱħĴʵǿ󣬲Ҷж˳ȥ
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Ҷûһ죬ǿߺͽڻһƬҪ˵ȥƶûš
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ħͻսŸոտʼȵħλʹǲսʱ˻ࡣ
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ʯۿŲԶĻڣʱһңĸо
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ʯۣ
˭Ž𣿺ǿϢ
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ڵһߣвڵȴţҶ켸˻ԡѪؽɵһ
ʯɨһۣߵػ磬ħѾ˻棬ٲߣǶҪ
˵գͺҶһ뿪ˡ
˵ضʱһƬȻ
ǻǷǳʯ۵ĻϾʯǻĵһţЩߣҲҶһţڳˣʼػ硣

˳ǡ
Ҷ˴ڣӻ˽
Ҷ֣ȥʯʵ
ҶλʾҪˣʥǰµֵ˶áԵסλʣôʣµأҲڿԿģǵþǿʵ
˵ףҲҪǿʵǺѰʯۿЦλ˹ŽΣҪٽһҪԴǿս⼸ܣû㹻ĵ̣ǲԴǿսġ
һԵĻĽִҲҡͷǵŽѾǼˣħǲǼɳʱ䣬Ϊ֮ƣֻܿǿ֮ˡˣЩ˴۵λƬó磬ܹʵ
Ǿȥʯլչذɣû˴ţʺʯ
ҲãҶ˵ͷ
˵뿪˳ǣǰʯլ
ʯլпռϲ㣬ͬԹûʯ۴·ѱҵõ
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޳СҲĳʼڳչء
ҪһŽϾǶ˹ŽελֻҪʱ㹻Ž⡣
Ȼʱ򣬾Ƕ༸ŽҲı䲻սƣǶһ㱣ʵ
ǰڴǻҳȥ̽Ϣʱ֪ͨ㡣ʯۿҶǱչأתͷԻĽִ˵
Ľִ֪Ⱥħ缴֣ȷҪ֪Ϣ˵ͷҲãԼСĵ㣬ҪǽսҶ˵ˣ̽ʹԺԺϢҲ֪ͨǾˡ
˵գĽִ߰ʹԺԺ۳ʯۿ


2238 
Ҽסˣǣһ֪ͨڴ˵ءˣøһȻδػҡʯۿĽִ۵ʹԺԺ˵ͷ漴˵
Ľִ룬óԼǰĽħңʯ۵ǰĽԺԺʶлҵ־һˡ
ͺãʯһЦ漴ħңת뿪ʯǡ

ĽִĿʯȥȻϥ¾ޡ
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ɴһˣΪ˴ѾˣԽƾɴԼ־޷ֿҶɡ
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Ľִæ˵ȥ̽ϢȥˣѾһʱˡ
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һ̣Ҷнϣ֮µĵΧ飬ֲĵΧطų⡣
һ֣С
Ҷеϣ֮оǰδеǿ󣬷·һλǰһȥն롣


2239 
ϣ֮ıǿҶ췢ԼѾҪĽˣһѵ㹻κǿˡ
еĻӣ׼غСϾʱСҲ̤ŽΣ˻ӣʵ͸ǿˡ
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뿪ʱеΪһĶǹŽҸжʵǿޱȡ
⣬Ҷǿڡ
˵ԺʵѾﵽһ۷塣

ռϲ㣬Ҷһ뿪ʯǣ̤ƬϤĻա
ǰȻʯħң֪ͨɡҶתͷԻĽִ˵
Ľִߵ˵ͷ漴۾ڹͨħҡ
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Ľִ̾Ϣʯ˵ˣλħǿפ˳ǣ۹ĴʳԼڰΪħ˲ûйǣɳʹнǣѾֳ⶯ˡʳ۹ˡ
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Ҷ۾һУȥ˳ǣͥԪ˧ѾˣһԪ˧Ҳˡ
ĽִԴʧɫæȰ˵Ҷ죬侲㣬λ˵ڿ𣬵Ҳ˳嶯
ǰҶ죬ʯֻʯһ֣Щա޳Ҳ˵
Ҷҡҡͷ˵˭֪ǵжãһǰɱʹԺԺأҲģ˵Էλ𣬵ҪߣҲסġ
⡭ĽִЩɣж̫ðˣλ𰡣Ǻεȿµ
Ҷ״˵ģǲΪܹôﵽʵҿԳû͵ϮǣȾʹԺԺҾ뿪
һȥɣĽִ߳
ʵ̫ȥҲֻҡҶҡͷЩ飬˵ڴ˵صȴʯ֣ǰҰдһ£绹Щǿ߻ѪԸͶħģ𼶱ҲټĻ磬ѵҲһѪǿߣ
ĽִҲûмҲ֪Լʵȥ˳Ҳ޷Ҷ졣
£Ľִ߳Ҫ˵𼶱ǿߣֻĴʳ۹УпܱڰеİȴͶħʳ۹⣬ʳͰǻ᳢ԽӴ¡
Ƿͷжɣ
޳ڰУȰʣµĶʳϷʳʳҡǰСˣһϵһ
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ҶѵһҪСģ÷Ӵǣܴ⣬һͶħ磬ǳ˾ˡ
İɣǲôɵġ޳Ц
Ľִ˵ҵ»ʯۣǻˣԻĸ϶˽⣬ǻϸ𣬲Σյģİɡ
Ǿͺã
Ҷ˵ͷ漴Ƿֱ𣬶һǰ˳ǡ


2240 ²
˳ǡ
ԭǻֵĳǳأѾú壬Ļ߶ɱ˴룬ʣµĲˣѡͶħ硣
ʱħפڴ˳ǣλϰλŽǿ
һɼΪǿûĸǳ
ңħǿ߿дϢѪʵ¶ѣħ磬Ѫ֮⣬λʡ
ħĴ֮⣬һЩѡͶħĻǿߣҲһɲ
ͥĵһԪ˧ʵޱȽӽ𣬱ĹŽǿࡣ
ʮλŽͶħ磬ǿҲǧˡ
ͽ
Ⱥǣ
ħĹ𣿡
ҲͶħ硣

˳Ǿ޴ĳǽϣһ˱ӡΪѪƷһһڳǽϡ
ЩڳųǽϵȺͶŭš
ǶһЩħ²ȴͶˡ
ϾټĻ磬һЩѪԵġ
Ǻǣⲻҽ綦Ѫ𣿡ͻȻһϷŰڷ²Ⱥ
ԭͷɢͷѪ棬͵̧ͷȥ
壬Сӣ
ѪһĨȻдԺԺûҶǼһһǼһͥļλԪ˧͹Ķ棬йħԨ
ԶʹԺԺҲڷ²ȺС
ĽִɢˣûҶ졣ԺԺҡͷ
忴Ѫ棬Ŵһ˿Ц⣺û뵽ѪȻѪԣûͶħ硣ò˵ǰһˣ
ߣҪΪǴԺѪԣϷıȻԶԻĸ飬ǲѪߵ
ʵֻںԼѪ¹ɣ˵˵ʵǲںġ
ϴΣֹԺҶǲһȥҽ磬ŵѪæƲºǻصҽ硣
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ˣȻͶħ磬ǵȵħɣѪ¹ɵûдﵽǿ߾ˣ
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Ǻǣû뵽ǻһҲиˡЦû˿־֮ɫ
Ѫ濴ʹԺԺɻѵҶǲ㣿ҶСȻˬ֪һˣܾǰɣ
ҵϣҪԺԺ̾λҶվֻһǿߣֻ
ҾҪһӳǽϴ
̧ͷȥʱһ
ͥĵһԪ˧
ǴԺԺ𣿡һԪ˧һץԺԺĮӶɭȻҶȻһὫһԪ
ͥ۴ģ۶ûбѻ磬ЩµǱˣΪۻعŹ𣿡忴˵
ͥĵһԪ˧ۿһۣǳһĨЦݣۣʹΣһλ𼶱ǿ߶ѣٹãҶܳΪǿߣολˡ
Ѿūˡ͵ص˵ͷеĳԶ׼
ͥĵһԪ˧۾һУĿ䣬̧֣۳һìݵһȥؿڶ
ΪҶ죬ˡ
ͥĵһԪ˧ԺԺµڳǽϣתȥ
屻ʵӡ޷ָֻﲻͣѪ
С̫³çˣѪҡͷ
ЦֻҪŭɱңʡҶ졣
Ѫһ㶣漴һ˿壺СӺܲ
û°ɣԺԺĵ
ЦƤ˶ѣûҶ죬ǲɱǵġ
ϣҶ첻ҪԺԺ
̾˿漴ЦҶǼһ˽⣬һġ
ԺԺѪĮȻ

ʱҶѾ˾˳ǲԶ֮УϢڴˣңң˳ǵķ
һԪ˧
Ҷ쿴˳ǽϷһĻɫʱг˷ڵɱ⡣
Ҷ첢ûмǰ˳ǣΪλ̫ˣûϵ˳ǣǾͻᱻɱˡ
ϾʱˣѾӡΪҪɱǣһħǿ߶ܹõ
Ϊ֮ƣ취Ⱦȳ˵


2241 ս
ôȳˣ
Ҷ˼ŶԲߣȴûʲô취
λϢǱ˳ǣƵûнӽ˳ǣͻᱻλˡ
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Ҷ˼ԲߵʱһЩħǿ߾Ȼ󷨣˳߳ˡ
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ΪȺֻʮˣȻλŽʮλʮλǿߣʵҪֻ磬ͲֵһˣһʳС
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Ҷɻ󣬾ȸԿ˵ԽЩˣ˳ǡ
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ȻͶħ磡
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ⲻħ綼ɳʹϵˡ
Ҷûм뿪ҪȺħʹˣΪ˺£
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ޣħ綼Ѿֻ磬ʲô飿
Ҷһ۾ͿˣħȷҪڲ߽磬£۹ʳͽͶȻͨνսû˿ħʵӶʹû߾ֿ˵˻˸һͶħ硣
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ȻĻ˾ΪĲħ磬Ҫ군ˣôһЩͶԵǻ¾Ҫѡħһˡ
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һƻݣԽΪսȻħǿߵĹע¶Լмħ⶯ôħǿ߿϶룬ħǿ߻˳Ҳ׾ˡ

ʱ߶ڹע˳ǡ
۹һ綼ˡ
ŭ۹ͽҲԥѾڰϵ۹ĸ߲ˡ
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ħǿ߷ǳţǵеһǿ߷ǳŵ˳ǰĻ֮УĿưɨŻˣҽа˹˭Сǣͬ統Уǻ˸޷ħ翹⣬ҿɸһᣬһһս
ĻǳЩԸͶĻ߰ŭһЩ׼ͶħͽüͷҲ΢΢𣬸оЩˬ
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ҶĬǽ밢˹д衣
ֻܵЩǿ߳ˡ
ٻ粢ȱѪԵǿߣһֽ˳ݺݵŰ˹ߵԲѣҵҪʲô£С硣ý֪ҽС
˹ֱӴҳ˹ָмһ˵֣ûȤ֪
ֽӴŭֱ̧һ貵ĽâŰ˹նȥǰĻն˺ѿֲĽƬպƵš
ǿ
սĻߣ¶ЦݣǾֽӮˡ
Ȼ˹ֱһȺͽֽӵ飬ſѪڣֽӵ궼ȥˡ
һ۷Ծ˲ˡ


2242 ɱ
֮УһƬž
ħһǿߣһЦݣ·һͬϵһ
֮һɫѿ
ֽӾȻ˹һɱֱ˼飬ڳļ¡
Ҫ֪һսǶڳսֽӵʵԲǿ۷壬Էһжס
ѵ֮ͬУǻıħѷɫôࣿ
ž˺ܾã˸ٶϳ
ϾΪȳֽǿ˺٣ǿҲޣǰ˹Ķ֡
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˹ЦؿܵĻߣҡͷ˵ȰǻǼħɣħȻǿö࣬ͬ׵Уǻ߱ǲ̫Զˡ
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ϾħȷȻǿö࣬ȻҲܻܻҪɻ
Ҳ˲ţһ˵
ôҵĻ
˹ԷһЩˣɵü¸㣬ǿߣħֵһᣬֻ϶ѣǿǿ߱ȱȽǡ
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Զʱһ
ǻΪ˹ħǿߵУһء
ҶҲ𾪲ѣ˹ȺҪǿ࣬ҪӽˣȻֻħһεǿߣѵħǿôǿ
ܶ߶ţð˹ˡ
˹˵Ĳ
ڴʱħһһλŽ˵εļʮλǿߵУ˹ʵеǰʮȥ
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ֻʵǸеܣԷɳһǿߣܺɨǻţʵ̫ˡ
ϧʯ۲ڣǻĵһš
˵ʯ۶ˣһһŽλˣҲ޷ⳡս

۵
˹ɨһۣЦȻû˸ϣҾȥˣǿнεսɣǵ³ҡ
˵գֱӻصħһˡ
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а˹ǰһڻҲСһʱ䣬û˸ϳ
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ܶ˶ڹһͷ
Ҷ״һ֪̾ղŵİ˹Ѿûʿ͵˼㡣
£Ҷ̤նǰħ
ø֣ΪѾһˡ߹Ҷ죬м
ҶŭЦһˣҲûҪ֪ҵ֡

йâ䣬ԭʧٳʱѾҶǰ
䣡
Ʒ⣬ڵӿȣԶԶ˽ΣҪﵽŽˡ
ò˵ȷǽеĳǿߣڳĻ治һĶ֡
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Ҷ浶Ĺâ貣һɿֲĵϯ׾ٵ˺ѷƣ˶˺ѳ롣
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ɳȥڲϵðѪѸ塣
ȻҶһѹֱӽɱ
ʱܶݣ֮ǰ˹ɱλֽһ̡
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սħǿ߷׷¶ݣһš
Ҳ𾪵صɴ۾Ҷ죬֪Ҷ쵽ǺηʥȻôǿ
ħţ
Ҷ쵭ؿħһȺˣߵǲںңһɣ
һħǿҧгݣƣʲôЦˣħţôܻ㡣
ǸҶĳ

һλħĽ̲סһҶ졣
أҶӭȥȫɫâ貣ûжռǴλħǣ֮ɳɱ
ͬǰһ㣬ɱ
ս˶ˣһŵصɴ۾


2243 
̫ˣһ
ٴɱһλħĽҶ쿴Զħǿߣߵ˵ܲǲһǿĹ
һħǿɫͬʱҲ𾪣ΪղųֵλǵУҲŵǰʮˡ
ɱҶɱʵֲ̫ˡ
ʲôʱôŽ
һλħĹŽɵÿ۹˻ʣ˻ʳҡҡͷʶӦɢޡ
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뵽λŽԲԶһλǽ˵ȥɣǵòҪɱ
ƺλǽġ
Χħǿ߼״Ҳ¶֮ɫȻϵλǽΪħһλ״ӣ츳ףħнУŽǰԺ͹Ž⡣
䣡
ǽ̤նһ˫ɫӶҶ죬ǿʸһս
ҶüͷһߵͿûʸһսˡ
ǺǣǽһЦֱӳҶɱһɰƣƬնҡ·ڵߵ
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ò˵λǽĺǿѾȹŽˡ
Ҷ첻壬ֱӭȥӶ˫ȭɫⱬƥȭƬ֮мţһ񱩵졣
䣡
أ
ҶͶǽϽսÿһȹŽεùսޱ𺳣һЩŽ̾
ǽȴǹŽ
˵츳жôֲ
˵˭
û뵽ǻ绹š
ǻ绹ϣǿС

۷׷ס
ħǿҲ΢΢ĿҲû뵽ҶȻܹͶǽƽ֣·磬ֱ˼顣

㲻ɣ
ҶͶǽսԽԽң˶ʼˣԷֳʤ
ȻҶһˮȻǿսһͺɱԷˡ
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ڣ۹˻ħŽʾ£վλǳţҿһսͲӮɡ
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ǽҶ죬ţڻ磬ħɡ
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һЩѪԵĻߣɵõҶ죬ƺھҶ첻Ҫħ硣
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ǽʱЦˣħĹŽҲЦˡ
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ϾҪսħĽȥħУͼħʲôֱ
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ħһôпᡣ
ͽ
࣡
ҿˣ

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Ҷǡ
ħĹŽߵλħҪɵǶʱճӵǿߣȰǻǺúÿ£Ǽħ磬һҶǴˣػȷѡ񡣡
һЩ֮ǰԥĻߣ׷׿ʼλħĹŽƺڱʾͶ֮⡣
ҲһЩѪԵĻŭ
ħ˸ںǣֱӴҶ뿪ˡ
ΪһǵѾˣû˳ǸˣҶλµͶߣȻҪһǰ˳ǣ׼λ
Ҷļƻڿػ˳ˡ

ĳա
һͷɢһŹʯ淢ʱصͺҡҡͷ¶ã֮ɫ
Զʯߡ
ҵڰͿѰɣʯ۰żʯѾһʱˣʯڵǿʼתãǰôˣûг׻ָ
ӻĽִ֪ҶҪȥ˳ǾˣʯЩżϾλ𣬹ƾҶһˣǿ⡣
䣡
ڴʱԶʯϵʯڣ͵վһԶŽǿϢϯ
ʯħˣ
ʯڷЦ
ʯ۶ʱϲɫ


2244 
˳ǣ
Ҷһ˳ǣͬһΣһǸħǿߣ߽
ʱھ˳ǳŵĲԶҶһ۾Ϳ˱ڳǽϵ塢ԺԺѪˡ
΢΢һ䡣
˵ǱɱǻҪʹ޵ľԳ衣
ţҾˡ
Ҷ찵뵽к˸
һΣҪɱˡ
һħǿߣҶӽţ̤˳ǡ
л֣
ǽҶߣΪҶһֽлԶǽųƺҶΪл֡
űڳǽϵЩ²ǽЦȺһﶼǲʶʱĴ֪ҪˣҲԸħ磬治֪ʲôô˵һʲô𣿲һǼ𣿶ңɸǿħԺĳɾͻߣһȺл֣˵ǲǣ
ǣҶ˵
ţǽһؿҶ죬ΪԼˣϾҶ֮ǰȷҪħģôת֮͸Լ
л֣ղ˵ʲôǽҶ죬һ
ʱѾ󷨣˳ǰ
ҶѾҪˣǰĶǽ˵Щ֮ԲԸħ磬Ϊڻ磬һȺҪػǲͬΪ׷ǿֻΪʵԼеҰġΪ˱Լߵѡˣǵػģƻġ
л㡭ǽɫһ䣬𾪵صҶ졣
䣡ҶϱֲϢгϣ֮һǰӳֱӽǰһħǿնɱеļλŽһɱ
𼶱սһٱҶ쵶˿ûмɱһħǿ֮󣬼ǰȥǽ÷顣
ʲô
˭
ڳǽϵһڷ²ˡ
ǱһȺħǿ߽û⣬ȴת֮Ⱥħǿ߾ͱɱһɶ
Ҷ죡
еϳҶռ
һԵĴԺԺѪҲܵҶռ׷׶ݣΪҶղŵһ̫£λŽɱˡ
ϸ磡
Ժ
Ҷһ֣ǽϵķ²ȫս˳ʼڡ
ڲǽ̸ʱҶѾܵǿϢӽ˲Ϣ֮ǰ
ħλ

󵨣
λŭҶ죬һ䣬ɱ
û뵽Ȼ˸ҳ嵽˳ˣʵ̫ˡ
Ҷ죬ղռϢҲܸӦԶͥĵһԪ˧ֻ۾䶢Ҷ죬ȵҶ죬ΪıģԼ𣿡
ûҪݣҶ˵漴ָԼԭӣеϣ֮˸һ۵Ĺâ
ԭСӣһλʱϳҶ죬ǵõʥǵʱ򣬾Сŵ۹ǣʥĳ֣ǵ۹Ѿ䵽ˡ
ϻôʲôֱһλߵ
һλͥĵһԪ˧ȥɱ
һԪ˧ȻЩˬȷҪɱҶ죬ϾͥλԪ˧Ҷ
Ҷ죬Ѱ·ȻҴ˳ǣΪǻͥĵһԪ˧Ц
ʱҶûе۹ǣ޾塣
ɱǣ
ҶͥһԪ˧˵
ʥǣλͥĵһԪ˧ɱǣԷʵԶԶ˹Ž޽ӽ𼶱
ʱҶڶԷûʲô
ҶѾʵȼħѾһԪ˧ˡ
ΣͥĵһԪ˧Ҷ죬Цϴ˾㣬ҿ˭ܾ㡣
˵գͥĵһԪ˧ֳֽɫǹɱҶ졣
𣡡
ҶһʱʩչžŹһ֮ս߶˼ޣȻ̧ƣǰǻǿս
أ
ͥĵһԪ˧ɴ۾˲䱬顣
ҶбĿֲɽһ㣬ϯ˳ǡ
ʲô
Զеλɫ䣬ƺû뵽ҶʵȻﵽ𼶱𾪵ͬʱɵֵֵ
ջñӡ
֮
Ҷһʩչ깥ֶΣҪҪͥĵһԪ˧ɱ
ϧλͥĵһԪ˧ʵǿ޽ӽվһ٣ӵλ塣
ܵҶ깥Ʋأܴ˵Ϣ½˼㣬ֱǶ˰
Ȼ˽磡
ͥĵһԪ˧Ҷ졣


2245 Χɱ
ҶȻ˽磡
ͥĵһԪ˧ɴ۾š
ǳҶǿ֮ģܹΪǿѾǲˣھȻ̤˽磬ֱ˼顣
ֲģҶһ̤磬ʵȻȼ
ҪǵΪŽֱħ׼ˣͥĵһԪ˧һǿ֮Ŀֲ
Ȼɹܼѣһɹʵǵ̫ˡ
ɱһҪɱȻħֵļƻҪݻˡͥĵһԪ˧漴˻ָҶ죬ɱ
һѣòôС֣һλм
Ҳˡ
ȻҶֳ츳Щ𾪣վֻһ𣬶ħмʮλλ׼ֻۣҪȵЩ׼ۿһҶܹʲô˻
ȻȻûҶ쿴вǳֳҶɱ
ϾҶ촳˳ǣЩ²ɱǵˡ
Ҷߣħڣ
Сӣû뵽ʵ㣡
һλҶǵʥǣ׼Ҷ۹ǵλ𣬺ʥˡ
ʱҶ죬壬ϣ֮ǿռͳŶȥ
䣡
˼սֲϢӳȥӿȣƬش׷ˡ
ɱҶɱ䣬ħˣ˿飬һֱǿս
𣡡Ҷһ߻Ӷϣ֮һʩչǿսǿòԶսλɫ䡣
أ
ȻסҶϣ֮ȴҶǿսѪˡ
ɶ񣡡λɫʱǵѪҺҶĿ⣬ŭޱȡ
ʥʱҶһС϶ѡ
ڣȻǰΪϵ˸ˣֱǳ衣

λŭţٴɱҶ졣
ȻûãҶʵʼձǿһߣٴΰѪɡ
ҶʵҲǿ˶٣޷ɱԷֻܽˡ
һϣСӣ
ԶսλɫˣڲټսǽҶΧסˡ
˵𼶱սѾвֻļƻȻҶ뿪˳ǡ
ΧҶαɡԶͥĵһԪ˧Ц
һ棡
Ҷ쿴λҲɱ˹ʱʩչһ棬ֲѹλʵһЩ
ͬʱҶʩչУЩʵ
վҶҲޣλΧʱ·磬Ѫˡ
ȥɣ
λɱǿһУҶ嶼Ĺѿ
Ҷɫһ䣬û뵽λϵĬȻԽ˴˵ں
ͬʱҶҲˣǰλվλãĹ켣
ս󣡡
Ҷ۾һС
ѹλôֲԭս󣬽˵ڻͨ
СӣǶѪµ𣬸Ѫս£ѾϵʮĬǱɡ
һλЦ
λսٴɱҶ졣
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Ҷˣ˳ȥ
ǰ׳գɵúλƴϾֻ˵ģȻѾɹˣǾͿԳˡ
׷
ߣ
λ׷Ҷɱȥ
ҶӲԷ̫࣬λȫԷͷƬ·ӡ
䣡
ҵսٴαҶ챻λΧɱʱر䱬塣
Ѿûб˰Իָˣӵ𼶱սҪָƵҪǧ˰ȴֻʣ¼ٶˣá
ô죿
Ҷʱˡ
ȥҪڴˡ
ħ缴ֻ磬˭Ժ˭棿
Ҷ첻ģ
ɱ
ռ
Ҷƴˣռ߶˼ޣһ嫵ĵϿգֲĵŰҶս˼¡
䣡
λɱ
Ҷռǳǿ󣬵ǽƾһˣֵסλ֮
أϿյռɢˣҶѪٶȹѡ
ҺҶͲ壬˲ָ壬ıԴܴأȥҲһ
Ҷ죬ˣԶ˳еͥһԪ˧һֻ֮ɫ
Ҷ۾һУڵﺮ˸͵صͷ˳ǣλЩֲ
ͥĵһԪ˧ǱһΪҶ۾˷ɱ⡣
ҪҲҪɱ㡣
Ҷһռֲĵâеϣ֮³ǰ˳ȥͥĵһԪ˧ڡ


2246 ǿ
ʲô
ͥĵһԪ˧Ҷɱʱŵתܡ
ȻҶĵâǺεȺƴ
һ˳ǶҶˣħǿ߲УֻһЩŽˡ
ͥĵһԪ˧ҲҶ飬ҲҶ깥ش
ɱ
Ҷ첻λɱȫȫ׷ɱͥĵһԪ˧

λɫһ䣬ñҶСˣɵֺҶĺ󱳡
ۣ
ҶڴѪҲڹѡ
ҧٶȴ߶ռӶϣ֮ͥĵһԪ˧˺ѿ
𣡡
֮
ջñӡ
ҶƾλڹԼҧݺݵͥĵһԪ˧вϵغȥͥĵһԪ˧İ
գλµͥһԪ˧ǱҶɱˡ
ֻҶҲ˱λش
Сӣ޴
λЦ
ҶʱƲأϵѺ۶޷޸ˡ
ȻǿƻɱͥĵһԪ˧ȴܵλش
û㹻ı˰Ѿ޷ָơ
λҶΧסһɱǴЦ
ɱ

λѾҶ쵱ˡ
ǲûд⣬ǼսɱҶ졣
ҪһҶ۾һƬ׼ԼռЩƴˡ
ڴʱԶһ
ʯħˣħСǣϴɾӵɱɡһ޴ʯˣֱ˺ն䵽˳֮С
ʲô
λ𾪲ѡ
أʯһȭһλɣҶΧɱ֮
Ҷʱǰʯˣϲʯүӣָˣ
ָˣʯħһЦ漴һ͵ضҶ죬ͷЦСӺܲеķ緶ǴԺ߳ģû
Ҷϣ֮Զλսүӣһս
Ǻǣɲֹʯħ΢΢һЦ
Ҷһ㶡
һ̣Զձֻ޴˺ѣ߳һͷʹڣɫϵߡ
ħһսôٵҶɽʹ˵
ʯħҶܵǶʳĴʼߣϷһҲЩǿս̤硣
ұ
ٵս񣡡
ǿϢ
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ǱʳĴʼߺϷʳĴʼߡʯħ͵
ҶԼѣ֪ĽִǳɹˣȷٲһЩѪԵǿߣ˶ʳ۹һԸͶħ硣
һȺ޴ļһ
Զλɫһ䣬漴
һ˵ʯħˣÿˣһΪУħ˻ȵڡ
أ
ʯħֱӻɱŭ走㡣
ûһ˭һȶûУڳֱ࣬޷̡
ɱ
ɽսҲɱ˹
ټҶʯħѾλ𼶱ǿˡ
λҲ޷ռϷ磬ౣֲܡ
һս˺ܾã˳Ƕݻٳ˷棬Ҷ졢ʯħ˻ˣϾ޷ɱλٴȥҲֻ˷ʱ䡣
һսҲûջ
һҶɹȳЩ²
ʯħ˵Ҳû߿ϣ֪ԼһжԿǿߡ
ߴǿʿ

ʯլ
Ҷ˽٣ĽִߡʯҲ;ۼ
Ҷ˵ʯǶʱϲɫӭ
Ҷ죡
Ҷ֣
ʦ𣡡
ĽִߺʯǿҶްʱ˿
һԵʯħҶ˵СӣƺأȻָưɡ
õģҶ˵ͷ漴ȥˣֳһ߷ʯħ˵ǰ֪Ƿ𼶱ǿߣֲȻͿɱλ𡣡
ʯħҡҡͷЦΪ𼶱ǿǴײ˰ǻôࡣ
ԱߵĶɽߵ۹ʳĴʼӦҲﵽ磬ѾѡͶħ硣ǰǰǣסǣȻĻǾͻ˳ǣλһΧɱˡ
Ҷ۾һҲ𼶱û뵽Ҳվߣ
֮ǰΪ򰵵֯϶Ͷħģû뵽ȴվߣе֮⡣


2247 ͷж

ʯħҶĻʱЦǵˣҿȷ㣬ǶͶħ磬Ͷħ硣
ŶҶЩȣλѪԣ
һԵı̾ΪΨһӣħǿҪ֪ǿµΨһһӣҪӱ𣬾սҲͶħ硣
ԭˣҶȻ
һԵʯ˷ܵô˵λ𼶱ǿߣҪδػ䰡
棡սһ
ʯħʯԴһ£֪̾ħжλҸ㣬ħλʣÿλ¶λҲ˵ʮλ𡣶ǻ磬Ҷ磬Ҳֻʮλʮλ𡣡
ʯԲէࡣ
һԵĶɽʵƾЩǻɵλʣ׼ۼǿߣһˣɱǣв
߾û׼ۼǿ𣿡ʯ۲ʵ
ʯħ˵ۺܾ֮ǰʧˣʧԭ򣬱ȥޣ׼֮λǳɹˣǾλ׼ۣħλ׼ۣЩ㡣
Ҷʱ˵һ֪һλ׼ۣڤʡ
ħʯͻȻ۾һ˵ʥǰ˵ǻҲһλ׼ۣħ
ҡͷħҲ֪ƺܵشǻ絮𣬾һֱ˯ţ֪ʲôʱŻ
ǿȥԿҶȻ
ʯħƬ̣ͷΪ֮ƣҲֻһˣϾԣλʥֻǼԦ˴۵ʬ壬²λѪʵĶֲ֣˶õġȵѪʽ磬û׼ۼǿߵֿǾˡ
ȥһ԰ɣվ˵
ҸһȥҲиӦսһ뿪ʯǡ
ʯħͶɽ
Ͼһﱻħǿ߷֣ҲֵֵڱΧɱ޷ߡ
Ҷ֣ռôˣǿ֮ģһΪ˹ŽǾͿ׼ۼǿˣ
ȻʯۿҶ죬ѯʵ
ʯħͶɽҲҶ죬Ҳ֪ҶĿֲ츳ԶҶ
Сʯͷ˵ĲҶ죬Ҳǻľǣ˵˵ҪβܹŽ磿ʲôǶ԰㡣ʯħ˵
ҶЦҪŽֻܼռһ㹻ı˰Ҫ˰СֱɻĻֻôĻȲĨɱңҪǣ͸޷ֿħˡ׼ǿԴĴǰǿ߾磬ǵõ˴۵λƬ̺Ĳ˴۵Ĵ
˰ǿҪڤı˰⣬ҵڤʣú˵˵УϾֻڤʲܹЩڤڤ㡣ɽЦ
ʯħ̿ˮ˵˰·ʱУϾڻ绹ûںϣҲ޷ǰȥڤ硣ֱɻǾ͸ˣһˣôЩʿ¾Ϳɽˣ˵λħĴ۶ܹǾˡ
ˣҶ֣
ʯ۾һ˵ҼǵûĻ˴۵λƬнٿ飬֮ǰֻǵõʮ飬мʮ鱻ߺ߸ˣǻڻ磬ȫ԰ѰǣеλƬ
ʯħ۾һãǼϼһ֣Ͱڴ˰ɡ
УɽҲͷ˵
ҶԿЦҽҪʮλƬʣµļʮλƬûҽ˹Ž硣
ô˵ܹǿһһ㣬һҪǳɹˣǾ׬ˡ˵ЩλƬռҲǿ࣬ҲҪı˰ٺܶءʯħ˵
Ҷ˵ͷȻˣǾ鷳λǰˡ
û£ӦģϾǲڶʱڽ׼۾磬ֻܿˡɽ˵
ʯħͶɽ뿪ˡ
ʯۿҶ죬˵Ҷ֣ҲҪչˣҪһǿ󷨣ܹںʮλϰλŽʱҲܹһλλ𡣱ϾδսŽѾǣֻ󷨣һ֮
ǴԺĻ󷨣ȻԲοһ£ϾΪҲǿҶ漴ĳǵĻ󷨴ʯۡ
ʯ۶ʱϲ̫ˣգҾ͸аˡ
˵գʯֱȥһʯݱչȥˡ


2248 ʵ
ʯ۱չ֮
Ľִߡ޳СҲȥչˣ˵ܹһҲǺõġ
ͬʱЩҶȳˣҲʼչҶ콫ϵĹŽλǣЩ˶ǾħջˣֵΡ
Ѫ棬ʱҲҶĶԹ

ʱ
һʯС
ҶһˣҲһ˼μʵ
ռʱû꣬
ˣʵҲǿȻڴﵽ׼۾磬һλλһҲܼһЩѹ
ϾĿǰ˵ħʻ޷

ꡭҵġ걦䡷ҪǴͺˣһҵһУܹɾ޴вˡ
Ҷ찵˼š
걦䡷ѣҶѾ˺ܳʱ䣬ûн
ͺ񡶲塷ĵ㣬Ҳǳٳ޷ݳ
ҶֱӣҪȵﵽ׼۾ʱ򣬲ܽŹݵ㡣
Ȼ޷ݣȴҶ޷ǿꡣ
ħ֮ɱһŽõǵҾܹҵꡣ
սԨץ˵Щս꣬ǵ̺սɱ⣬һꡣ
Ҷ뵽취Ѷȡ
˵ħһŽɵǰħȻҶɱ
ĹŽҶ첻ɱˣǾֻɱħĹŽħĹŽɵǰħ
Ȼǲܵġ
ʣµսԨЩս꣬ҶʱҲûҵõİ취
֮С

Ҷ˼ôʵʱʯħɽҲж֪ͨ˰
Ͼ鲼磬ռŻϢڰ£Щõ˴λƬĻǿߣǿߣһһˣǵλöˡ
ȻʯħɽͰһжЩǿжȡ˴۵λƬ
𼶱ĸ˵ѡ
֮ʯħͰʣµļʮ˴λƬҶˡ
Ҷ죬е˴λƬˣһʮһϣôʯħλƬҶ졣
ҶоĿһʯħɽ˵лλǰ
ɽЦҪлллɣϢǲܹҵЩӵλƬǿߡ
˵գʯ֮Уһλȫں֮еӡ
ǰ
лǰҶ԰м
˵лңʵ󣬰ҶɱһЩħ˼ɡ
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죬ҶͿʼЩλе˴۴Լռ
¡¡
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漫𺳣ΪռϢ̫ǿˣһ֮УҶҲزϢʯǶһɳصѹ
бչص˶ˣϾѹ̫޷չء
Ҷ̧ͷкƵֹռһ̾ѡ
ǿĵǿ֮ţڿԿ϶ҪǳΪ˹Ž϶ܹ׼ۡʯħ̧ͷеռ̾
һԵĶɽͷǿ֮ǿ֮ûǱƾʲôǿֻ֮ǲ֪ЩλƬǷŽ硣
²УԱߵİ
ƺӡ֤ĻеռȻֹͣ˼ȻѾǿˣȻûдﵽ׼۾磬ûǿĵ¶
ˣʯħǶ϶Ҷ첢ûнŽ硣
ȻʯݵűƿҶһ̾Ϣ˳ˣЦôʧˣһǽ
֮Уôй֮ǰǿࡣʯħο
ǰҶϵܣҪӵ׼۵սôףѾúܺˡҲ˵
Ȼ˵Ҷ죬Ǽһɣʵ˶١
ʯħ۾һͷȿʵ˶١
ҶҲ֪Լʵ˶٣µͷã
˵̤նȥʯϿպԶĵط
ɽʯħΧסҶ죬ȻһɱҶ졣
žŹһ֮
Ҷ첻Ҵ⣬һʱԼսϾԵλĳǿߡ
¡¡
ҵս漴һƬֲϯ硣
Ҷֳϣ֮ռ߶˼ޣֲĵâΧĻն˺ѳƬ
һʱ䣬ʯħˣȻ޷Ҷĵ档
Ҷս֮ǿڳ𾪲ѡ


2249 
ã
ʶҶ˾˵սʯħŭϲЦǵһæûа׷ѣСӵʵѾԶˡ
ȻֻдƬ̣ʵȴܹظӦҶǿ
ԳԽܶࡣ
Ҷ죬ڵʵµֵλˡйâ˸
ɽͷЦ̫ˣñȶ˼λǿߣֵһæϧЩλƬ̫ˣҶŽ硣
漴
Ͼǲս̽ҶʵǾѾ㹻ˡ
Ҷ죬ڵʵټλǰԼλơʯӭ˷ܵ˵
ûô򵥣ҶЦ
һԵİ˵ͷλɵӣǲֿģԴϴҶ˳֮󣬾۹ʼߺʳʼߣҲס˳ǣλһҪǲܵġ
ȺһﻹǽƻʯԶʱһ
ɽһǵЩһۼһ𣬳ٳٰڵȴԮ
ҪôڵȴѪʿҪôڵȴ
ã
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ֻ۾βӣϲ֮ɫиõϢҪǣղ´ѶϢħǿߴսԨˣһǹŽ𣬿Ҫ˶ãսԨ𼶱ǿ߳ˡ

ԣʱһء
Ҷƺͦʥ˵кܶ©硢ᣬоսԨ
սԨЩսҲزסħǿߣѾдǿ߿ˡ
ҪˣȻȥţʲôϢһʱݸǡ˵뿪ˡ
ɽҲ˵ҲˣȽĺת뿪
ĿȥҶ쿴ʯħǰúʱŻںϣ
ҪȵٶܴУһ¾ʼǿ߿ˡʯħ
ҶüͷںصȥΪҪȥڤһˣժȡһЩ˰ŽΡ
ڵʵڤڤ֮⣬ûĶ֣δزܶȡһЩ˰
ȻˣǰȥսԨһ˰ɣǱߵӵʲô̶ȡҶ
ʯħ˵ͷЦû£ȥɱһЩħҲ
ǺǣҲôãҶЦЦ漴뿪ʯǡ
ʯǼչ

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Ҷʯħϵ˵صʱѾвħǿߴзɳٶǿ߾磬͹ŽҲС
Щħǿ߿Ҷʯħ󣬶ʱһ㶣漴Цɱ
飬ɱ⡣
˵ѪԸһЩ飬ֻҪԸͶǣǻš
ѪʣǶʵ£Ѫʵġ

һȺħǿߴɱ
ʯħЦһȺħӣʯүү
𼶱ĸ֣лǳֲǹŽˣ屬顣
Щǿߣǲˣһͱɱ˲١
һ棡
У
ҶҲɱ˹ȥ
һжЩûãԸŽҲǺǶԸǿߣȴвܴ
ϾĹΧܴ
һ֮еħǿߣҶһһɱһЩŽҲֵסҶ켸ȻҶ깥ɱ
ͨ
Զʯħ״ʱ̾
漴ʯħҲɱһ֮УһҲʼɱ֮·
ҶʯħˣôƽսԨһ·ħǿߣȫɱһɶ˿ӳȥ
֪䣬˾ɱսԨײ
һ޴ʯţѾ򿪣ͨһƬ嫵Ѫɫ硣
ʯš
Ҷһ̲סĵҲʯţû뵽ͨħ硣
ܵħĹ˲©ǰսѹڴˣЩսҲħǿɱˡʯħ̾
ʱһǿϢʯڴ
ҶһʯţһߴӰɢǿϢ𽥽ӽ˵ء
𣡡ʯħ
Ҷйâһʯħ˵ǲ֪ߵӦʲһ˵ɱλ𡣡
ãʯħ촽Щ˷ܣ𰡣ûɱء


2250 ɱ
䣡
ʯڣλڿˣƺ˺ܴſɹ
ڹˣǺǣѪʣȻһǶҲܿͻˡ
λЦݣ
ЦݺܿסˣΪҶʯħһǰһ󣬽ضǰ·ͺ·ȼǿߣһɱ
˭
λŭ
ҶʯħŲأֱǾУ顣֣ʱͽλش
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Ҷеϣֱ֮ӽλһѪɫѺۣöԷѡ
ںЩλƬ֮Ҷ쾡ûнŽΣʵȴ˺ܶࡣ
ϣ֮֮ȻӻҪǿռһӳ𼶱ǿ߶Ҫܴ
οԱ߻һλȼʯħڳ
Ҫ֪ǰ˵ҶѾȼλʯħλ𼶱ǿΧλ𣬺Ȼܲҡ
ɱ
ʯħѾս˷Ц·𿴵˻ɱһλĽ
ҶǴűɱ⣬еϣ֮ǰδе貹âһֲĵâƵǰ
ۣ
Ѫɫףֹۣǳҡ
ҪʯţȴҶ岻ȥ
ʯħǲϵغϼˡ

λŭŸչ緢׼ڻɱ䣬Ϊȥû뵽̾ܵǿߵĽɱֱ̫ùˡ
𣡡
Ҷһǿսǰܴ顣
֮ͿջñӡҲʩչɱλꡣ
һԵʯħҲڰæ
λǿ֣ڽλɱڴ˵ء

ס֣
󵨣

ͬʱʯڣ˼ŭȡ
ǿϢϵؽӽ˵أңǸԶĵطǿϢٽӽ
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ʥǰλѪʣʯɫص
ҶüͷʥҲ޷סλѪʣϾʥֻ˴۵ʬ壬׼ۣȻѪʵĶ֡
һʥˣôߣ˭ܹλѪʣ
Ҷ벻ôֻ࣬ƴȫȽǰλɱ


2256 
ᡣ
ڵĹһħʬϥȫһƬйŨסȫ
ڴʱȻһĿĹâ˸
ѣڻˡ
ħʬȻվϵڿɢһɰɫĳʢâ𽥴ɢ˺ڰ
ǿҵħʬϳ֣ʬ𽥸ա
ãôȥҵ廹ûȫȥȻҾֻѰˡ
ħʬ
ʱҲڵʬˣһλȲİӣԵЩ˫Ե֮⣬йɵơ
Ϊۡ
䣡
ǿϢɢϯ磬ҳӳȥ
һ̣˶ܵԼڼ¶
һǿЩӡǿջˡ
˵
һ̣ʼٻӡǣһööӡǣ֮ƿն۵üġ
۵ʵڲϵǿš

塣
һλȻͷУ
ǿߴʧɫ׷
أ
λĽըѣһöɫӡǣЯȫƿնȥᡣ
йĽŭıӡ۵ıЩͨӡǵˣʵ۵ĿܣΪӡǡڣۻˣЩҲҪӡɣǿ۵ʵ
ǿߺȻ

ʵڹħ巢ڻĽ磬ҽ磬ǵõӡǵǿߣӡɣȻ۵
֮У۵ʵԽԽǿѾﵽ׼۲Σڼǿš
ǳʱڣзǳֶΣǱңǰˣҲᱻħɣվһ֮ҿԻħ硣
ɫ䣬ԴΪأ˵ȡ󲿷˵Ĵ
˵ûκ壬ҲҪκ˵С
ֻҪǿ̤׼۲Ρ

磬˳ǡ
Ҷǵս𽥵˰Ȼ
Ҷһİ£ʯѾ˳ǵˣѾʼҶˡ
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ܹסλѾ㹻ˡ
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ȻҶüͷһ壬üĵӡǾȻ¶ҴдһǿĿֲ־ꡣ
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ۣ
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̾ЩţΪҪǴУ̫Цˡ
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Ҷ
ɲ۵ϡ
Ȼ
ȻѾ̤׼۾磬ʵֲ̫ˣֱѹҶռ
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ҶۣԸս
޴㣬ҵʵǿҲаսܡߵ
ѹҶꡣ
ҳΪŽҲаջʡҶ첻ĵ˻š
˵ʱ䲻ˣѾˣѾزסˡ
а̵ʱڳΪ׼ۣҶֻҪڤ磬ȡЩ˰һ̤ŽΡ
棡ԲҶĻ
ڴʱҶڵһӡǸˣǻ֮ӡǡ
һֲͬ־ӻ֮ӡ֮ѣһ̾Ϣ
ۣסְɣһϵҶ֮
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Էڻ֮ӡǣǿ϶ǻȻ
ֻǣʲôĿģһ
û뵽ҲϿСӣϧֻҡĮ˵
ֻԼκˣѾӡǣﵽ׼۲ΣͷŹɡ
Уҵʵܼǿֻܿʣ޷ʣҪǿ䡣
ǵϣ̤ĽҾһֱڹעٶ
һ̣ǿ־ʼ۵־ҶüĵӡǱ˳
ʲô۵Щŭˡ


2257 ׼ۻ
ۣ
ҶѪɡ
۵־ڽ߾ȫס꣬սԷӳ˱λش
Ҷ죬ô£
սʱɻؿ
ҶûлشҲû˼شΪڵöӡڲϵײ
λ׼ڸսս
Сǽ̫죬𣿡
棬λЦûɱҶ졣
ǾÿȽҶ죬ʱ˾Ͳвˡ
ʯħǿʯսǱߴ
ʯħûйΪͶɽ֣ѾҪնɱʳʼˡ
ֹؼʱ̣뿪ʳһ١
û꣬ʱˣǻս
ҶڣҶŻ۵־ŭ
ߵǼսֻǹҼңɱΣħʿҪȫңҵʵǿ
ҳȫ㣬ܹɱһλ𣿽ʣȻ硣Ҷ
˵ҿסһλʣֻᱻɱ
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ͬʱ־ҲױҶһ֡
ǵľǴģ۴ȫֵҶͻ
𣡡
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ЩģҲ֪޷ٶȡҶƿնȥ
һ̣ҶٴУؿڽʣµĻ֮ӡǡ
㲻üɵңҺߵĵ·һ˵漴֮ӡ뿪Ҷڡ


ͬʱĽִеĻӣʹԺԺеĻӣͻȻرһǿܡ
ʲô
ĽִߺʹԺԺ
ֻӷ֮ӡǣȻ˴ںһɫӰ֡
𣡡
һ̣һɵľ޴նɢſֲѹ
嫵ĵŰƬնסˡ
׼ۣ׼ۡ
ڳ˶ʱ֣ͣǸܵ˿ֲѹǲ
׼ǿ߳ˡ
Ȼǻһʿ硣
λɫ䡣
ǻĽִߺʹԺԺЩغ
У޴ĻĹǻһֱڣĳɱ䣬ڳɹˡ
ôܡȻ̤׼۾磡
۹ʼߺʳʼ壬û뵽̤׼۾硣
ˣʯħЦ
أ
ƺӡ֤ʯħĻֻ̽޴ֱӽ۹ʼߺʳʼ߻ɱ
ֲĵӿƬռֹ
ͽ
Ƶ
һ̣ɱλ
ܣλ𾪿ˣ׷׳˳ǵĻͨȥ
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ʯ۵˿ܲѡ
ҶʱҲָŴչĻеʹ졣
ô˵ۺͻˣҶ׼۾磬ûѹ
ǲ
Ȼ˳ǵˣһߴӰӻ֮ͨ
Ѫʡ
ѪɢǿϢУץһѪܵԴһֻ֣ץһɫͷ
Ҷ۾һɣ˴۵Դ
˴ˣʥڿ˴۵ʬ塣
ڣλǿ׼ʬ壬ֻʣһѪܵԴˡ
ǰ
Ҷ졢ʯۡ޳Ǳߴ
ʣʥսˡ
ǺģȻǺʥʱ䲻࣬Ƿǳʥ
Ϊ˻磬ʥĸ˴սˣΨһ綼ݻˡ
ʥûֻ磬ûбԹƴѪһսΪȡ˲ʱ䡣
һִ˽
ͣ
Ѫһ˴۵ԴĮĿɨҶǣ˻ѵðǻȻһλ׼ֻۣǼˣҲ޷ǻ硣
𣡡
̧צɱѪʡ
䣡ѪʻӶеĵ۹ǣпֲĵǿֱӰѻľצˣѪʱɽ
˴ۣ㻹̫ˡѪЦӶ۹ǣɱ
ߡҶǴ漴ӭѪʣ˳ǰѪǰһ
ҶǼæߣϾ׼ۼսֲ̫ˣֻ·һ
ԶԶأҶ쿴ѪսĸӦ֮УλѪĺǿλҪǿ࣬ӵǿѪҲѪʵĶ֡
ҪǣѪлһ۹ǣսࡣ


2258 
Ѫֲ
ʯħ˵
ɽ˵ͷ
Ҷ쿴ѪʵǿҲˡ
ѪԱȻǿܶ࣬׼ۣѿٷֳʤ֧źܾá
ǽô죿ʯʵ
˳Ĭˡ
һΣǲ֪Ӯˣˡ
۹ʼߡʳʼߣλˣĿġ
ֻǣѪʿ˸Ӿ޴в
һΣѾΪˡ
Ѫ̫ǿˣǳȥҲֻɱܶѪв޷
ҶСӣֻܿˣҲֻһˡʯħҶ졣
˶Ҷ죬ǲǹŽ𼶱Ҫ׼۾ѣҪܳʱ䡣
ȱٵıʱ䡣
ΨҶ죬ֻҪӵб˰ܽŽʱӵбȼ׼ۼս
ͻ缴ںˣһȥڤһˣǶౣأ
Ҷվɫ˵
˵˵ͷ
ûԴ޷ȥڤҶ죬һֻҶԼ
Ҷ죬ðɣǿһЩʵ޳óħ˵
ҶҡҡͷóԼϣ֮Цѵ㹻ˡ
ϣ֮忴Ҷеϣ֮·뵽˵һԿ֮£̾ϣȡʤһһˡ
㼪ԣҶЦЦ漴̤뿪

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Ҷһν磬ʶʯ۵ĵط
Ҷվڴ˵أŽ⣬һƬϤ𽥿
ǻĽ硣
ͻҪںˡ
ҶûϲãԽԽʼֵסħɣֻܱںн棬ǿڣֹħǿߵĿ硣
һҪɹ
Ҷйâҡ
ѹܴ󣬱Ͼʧˣ¾ˡ
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ܹģֻһЩͽ
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޴ĻĽգ˻Ļա
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Ѿ׼õҶ죬ֱӿ粽˻Ľ硣
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ܿ죬Ҷ͵ִ˴Ժ
ƽûħǿ֣ǱҲѹʱûΣա
ҶصԺҵФҶʥһЩŽλλǿλ
ʦ𣬵׷ʲôˣФоҶЩִ٣ƺż
Ҷ쿴һۣ˵úôڴԺò˶ãĽִǾͻǻһеġ
Ҷ쿴Ҷʥһۣ뿪ˡ

硣
Ҷո̤㿴ڤѾӹ֮ӽ磬סա
һǿаϢɢȴʲôѹסˡ
ڤ𣿡
Ҷǰ⣬ɻ󣺡û뵽ڤˣڤʿŲסˡ
ִ󣬿ٹӶڸڤҲԳˡ
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Ҷüͷ̤⣬ӭһλץס
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ǰˣȻǵڤҪǿ
ȥʲôҶʵ
֪ڤʵЩ˵
ʱһǿϤϢӹ
һ̣һڤˣҶ졣
ڤҶ쿴ڤ漴еӷ
ڤҶ죬ܵҶϵǿϢҪǿ࣬Щɲ⣬Ժڤˡ
Ҷ죬û뵽ߵһѹڤʻר㵽ڤ˵֮г˾̾ͻȻ
Ҷɻڤʣô֪Ҫ
ô֪ڤҡҡͷ漴ֹһƬɫĹâס˰Ҷ졣
ǣҶͫһʱˣЩ˰̫ˣϰˡ
ڤ˵һʮ˰ڤдҷڤʵڴˣ͸㣬ϣá
˵꣬ڤ̤߳⡣
ҪȥҶ첻ʵ
ڤͷҲصشڤսħ磡
ڤʧ֮С
Ҷ˰Ŀ˸
ڤʾȻ֪ҪɲʶڤʣҲûмڤʣԷô֪Ҫ˰
ˣʱûҪЩʵҪҶҡҡͷѰطȥչˡ
Ѫλʽ磬ҶܵȵѹҪ˶ãħͻʿ磬þ콫ս׼۲βС


2259 Ž
ҶûȥԶֱڹ֮ҸطչأϾڤǿϵ߶뿪ˣʵչأᱻ˴ŵ
䣡
ҴҲ󷨣Ҷó˰ʼꡣ
йǰľ飬Ҷǳףֻÿһ޸ƣҪһǧ˰һ޴ġ
Ҷӵһʮ˰㹻һǧ꣬ͲôܽŽΡ
ϾڻʱҶѾ˰ʮ˴۵λƬŽӦòԶ˲Ŷԡ
¡¡
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ռϵس֣˴ɣϵԽԽǿ
ϿյڤܵռǿЩɵ׼ĨɱҶ졣
ܿͱ˿ûж֡
ƺ
䣡
Ҷڼš
ű˰ԽԽ٣ҶռҲԽԽǿ
ڣռͻĳһʱӵ˿Ͽڤ
ͬʱҶҲǿ˹ŽΣǿϢϯԶԶ𾳽
žŹһ֮
Ҷйâʢ˲ħսٶǿϢԽԽǿ
¡¡
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ûм˰ƹض
Ϊֻʣʮ˰ˣȫˣҲ޷ʵûҪ˷ѣڹؼʱָơ
ΪҪǣչôã˭֪淢ʲô顣
Ҷǳ뿪֮ʹæĽ硣
䣡
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ȻħѾӻֵ磬ѾʧˣֻڹӲдˡ
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䡭
ᡣ
һλɱ˴ĺܼңʱʤ
ҶֿǱߣѪɱħͶʼս
λʡħӦûһλʣҶɫء
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ʦ𣡡
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Ҷʱչ¶Žľ磬ǿϢҲ֮緢ڳ˶е˳صѹ
ǿԿ׼ۣʯħʱޱȡ
Ҷ֣Ҿ֪ɹġʯҲЦ
塢޳ĽִߵҲ¶Цݡ
ʱ򣬶Ҷһλ׼ǿߣǵİʵ̫ˡ
ڵô
Ҷѯʵ
Ľִ߳涼ãλʶסˣֻһǿϢƺһλҪ
ħλʣӦһλˡʯħ˵
ҶڣλʿҲδػܡɽŵ
λʶܱǻǿߵסǻʲô
ҶҡҡͷˣǵסλʣҪ֪ħٻʮλ𼶱ǿߡ
׼ȷ˵ʮλһʮλ𣬱ʮλʣʮλĽִ߳
˵ɫʱ
Ҷ˵ĲûλʵвЩҲԶԶǵʵ
Сĵ㣬ȥῴҶȥῴԣòλʿ
ҲСĵ㣡ʯ˵
ͬʱԺҲųϢʼټǿϵǿߣŽһ¶Կħ硣
ʱкܶǿߴ˷
䣡
Ҷ̤ᣬӶϣ֮ն۴սλʡ
أλʵֵסҶһȴ˼˫һ˼ؿҶ졣
˭λ
Ҷ죡Ҷһ漴ԶۣЦۣûʧɡ
Сӣҳ֮ǰҿˡ۶Ҷ죬¶֮ɫǿ֮Ҳݹû뵽ߵһ
ǵҲ𣿡ʿҶԹ˵ؽ̸ʱһٶɱ
ƥƺƵǵء
䣡
ۻӶȭǰסλʣҶȥɣͽˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ漴ᡣ


2260 ȫ
ᡣ
ҶνˣһǱĿƽģڶǸһǿĹ̽գֻһǡֻΣҶǹ˽ͬͥɢһ㣬ԵƮƵ
Ͼڵʵȼ׼ۣվߵ۷壬ҲֻħĴ۲ѹһ
ĹȻǽأǶҶԣȴѾƽء
Ĺ󷨣ʯǰʯڣһɱ
ѵ޽ǻţ
Ҷ첻¶ɻ֮ɫ
漴̤ʯš
¡¡
ʯһƬֲսŽǿɱš
ħĴͬˮһ㣬ʯӿ
޽ʥһȺǿߣһ޴ĵۼ󷨣ֵЩħǿߵĹɱ
˳ʯţۼѾŲסˣʥ
޽˳ʯţǻӣٲǣ޹
ʥĬˡ
ڴʱҶʯ˳
Ҷ죡޽
СӣʥȻ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ漴óϣ֮һǰԶħǿնȥ
䣡
ֲռһƬⳤӺƺƵӿȥȥħǿߣǹŽ˲
ֻΪ׵ļӳȥˣҲǱƲء
˿ֲһóž
˶ؿҶ졣
һ̣ҶĿΪȫĽ㡣
һɹŽˡʥһ
һ´ﵽ׼ۼ𣡡޽־ϲ
λǰǴ˳ȥɣħѾԴӱĵطѾûˡҶתͷ޽ͻʥ˵漴ʯǰۿԶħǿߡ
޽ͻʥԣʱͷ˳ˡ
ҶڣЩħǿ߸ǰ

ͻȻһ
Щö쳣䣬˵
ҶĿħЩħǿ߷׷׵ͷħһλɫȹŮӣŤŽջ̤գ
磬˫貣ӣʧɫһһ˵Ŀ⡣
ħħ۵ӣħλߣһ֮£֮ϡ
ͬʱҲһλʣ׼ۼʵǿޱȡ
ˣڳħǿߣ˸Ҷ䲻
ˣʲôõģԸħ磬ҿҷħΪͽ
ħŤŽһҶ죬ֱۼǰ
Ҷ˵ħ۲ҵʦΪᳬԽ
ħɫʱһ̤еĽǰĵۼ󷨣ȱĴ˺ѡ
λħɱҶ졣
䣡
Ҷϣ֮߶ռһƬʢĵⱬֲĵâ˺أϯ硣
أ
ħǿɱҶռ磬һǳԵƵҶ첻Ϻˣֱ˽ʯС
䣡
ʯű顣
ħɱ
ǿϢƵ硣
Դˣħλʣɱ˻硣
ͬʱڻ棬սԨħǿ߿ʲôεĶУսܶԱˡ
ħȫֻˡ

¡¡
֮ϣѪɫڤԽԽǿռݵҲԽԽ
ڽڽڰˡ
һƬ嫵Ѫɫ磬ڻıԵ棬һ߸ߴӰλϣĿעŻ硣
ǡ
ҶɫһǸ˼ֻǿһģӰӣڲս
Ҫ֪Ѿ׼ˣ˭е˿־壿
ֻλħĴˡ
СӣΪסλʾӮ𣿡ħһ߹Ҷ죬һЦǶˣʵӻһǻѾעҪˡٹãħ۱¾ͻħ۳ɻǼֿȥֻǴѡ
ҶɫأħĻԷûҪƭ
Σ
Ͷ
ܣ
µΨһս
ҪôӮҪôս
ɱħСǣʯүүƴˣʯ۴ˣսɱλ
ʯħںĳǣЦǰ㻹ҳүүٺ٣ӾȺħӵˡ
Цɱһλ
ɽսˣҲɱ
ͬʱߣħɱ
ЩС֮ǿĹŽһ⣬ǶѪԵĻߣǼͶ
͹ħ壬ȴһƬţû˳ս
ûͽȴų


2261 ׳
ǹΪʲô֣
綼Ҫˣڵ𣿡
Ƕ˽֮ǸںǵΪǻˣǿߺͽܼӲдػš

͹ħ岢˶ų򣬵ҪսˣĽѹˡ
мǿߣѹˡ
ʼ涼ˣһλǿ𼶱ǿߣȴûгְߣѹԼˣЩ޷ȥս
һߣħҲʼ֣ѹԼˡ
ȻѾҪͶħˡ

Ȼų򣬵ǸӢۡ
ɣС֮ڲսսҲҪԱƴһˡ
һȥ磬һƬɸʷʫս档
ܱ׳

Ҷ죬㻹ǵ𣿡
ĽĳѪܵλħΧȾѪͬĻ䡣
ķѪ¶֮ɫ˵ҶһμӶˣҶµľ
¹ȥˣУʼһӰ޷ĥ
϶˰ɡ
㶼Ѿôǿˣ׼ۣǺǣϣܹȥ

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䣡
Աˡ
ˣȴһųһ棬ʧɫ
㱼䣬ҶƺһۣȴҲѪˡ
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ʯԡѪսɱ
սѾıˣһٶλŽѾֻʣʮˡ
ĽִߺʹԺԺҲѾսˡ
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ǰˣˣ
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λȻҶˣ͹ŽռݾԵƣ԰ܵǻ硣
£ʯүүƴˣ
ʯ۶һ۾һƬѪ죬ֱӳȥԱˡ
أһλŽԱǳֲλըˡ
㡭λ𾪺ôҲû뵽ʯ۾ȻѡԱһôֱӣô죬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ʯ֣
ˡ
ȴм˳ȥʯһѡԱ㽫λ˵ը
ӣǶǷӣʣµļŴˣ𼶱ĸ֣ȻŽŵúˡ
ǾǷӡ
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ʯҾˡ
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ʯħҧгݣս˷λԱͬھ
ƺܵǵĳս⣬һЩ߶ˣ׷ԼĶԱħ˲ء

ᣬҶ۾һƬѪ죬ħҵɱħ
ܵһһϤϢӻʧҶбˡŭ˼㣬Ѿ׷ˡ
ֻʣһƬɱ⡣
Ǻǣǰˣǵ³ħЦ
ʵǿѪʶ࣬ҶȻӵп׼ۼսȴħѹסˡ

˳ǡ
ѾһƬ棬ճ顣
𣡡
дİǾ޴ϣѾѪҺ
أѪֳֵ۹ɱĹͷˣǿûش
ѪԡѪҺԽԽʢ
ʵޱǿħλʵУǰé
ΪˣǻҲֻбܵˡ

սԨ
ħϢڲϵؼڱЩ֧Ųסˡ
Ц״̬Ͳȶǿѣ֧Ųס𣿡
ħɱʣǿóʵڼ
ʿʼѹħ

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ֻۺڤʣԼĶֱƽȣˣҶڣѾǵĶ֣սǳ顣
ͬʱʯսҲħĴĽڽڰˣء
Ҷ죬㻹ڵʲô
ͻȻһս۵
ԡѪе˵ģҲԼġ
ͻĹǿһ𣬵ֿħǿߡ
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ۣ
ħɱҶ죬Ȼһˡ
ǽָеɱͷŭʱѹ˻ָ侲
ҸղôˣҶһղŲħ磬һħˡ
ã۰ˡ


2262 
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˲õ
ΪǣѾﵽ׼۾磬Ҫ۾磬Ҫʱ̫ˡ
ֻҶǿ֮ģֻҪԵˣڶʱڳɾ׼ۣǴۡ
ֻǹŽܱȼ׼ۣҳΪ׼ۣʵжǿ
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˶׼ԱˣȴԼĵѾˡ
䣡
ѪɫλһֱĮȻעŻħҲŭˣȻվ̧һֻƣŻ̽
Ŀ꣬Ҷ졣


2263 ڤ
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ҲǳصģӲħۿ
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ӵѱɱħ಻ؽ䱬С
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Сôô죿
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ҶɱѪʣʵ˵Ѫܹġ
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ڤҲǳǿʼսû·磬һֱϷ磬Ҷ𾪡
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ڤڣ˵ǰһλۣǻĵڶλۣʦǻۣҲǻ絮ĵһλۣ۱ġʦΪ׷ߵľ磬˳ѻǰɽȥˡ
ҶԶݣû뵽ڤǰȻһλۣһǻ۵ĵӡ
ҳΪۺûã޵мį£׷ѰʦĽŲǰɽ硣ڤʼ˵û뵽ħۣشӲдӻ˻磬󲻾ñˡҵʬ徭£ǣڤʡɵħʵҵĲлꡣ
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ֻǰ㡭Ҷ̾˿
ڤЦұһˣôãѾˡ
лˣǰҶ칪һ漴ԥسڤУʼڤ


2264 ٽһ
ֹؼʱҶû˿ԥͿǵʱ䣬ȻڤѾôҲֻܽˡ
Ҷޱߵڤ֮УʼɣڤûеֵǷǳҶ
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ܾ֮ǰڻ뿪ʱػû硣ӦˣҲΪƴȫݡ
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Ҷϣ֮һƬõĵⱬâ֮бںƵͬһ޴ĵӣǰλϯȥ

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ħ۵һֻƿɱҶ졣
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ң
ħ۲Ҷľٶʱŭޱȡ
ҶȻҪħ
ǺǣҵģҶ俴ҳΪĴۣҲûаħΪ̰ģðսһħ磬ȴǸᡣҪ֣͹Լ̰İɡ
Ҷ߶ռħ
ħȷǿ󣬱ȻǿռҲǿֻһС֣ԱȲռ
ħǣסˡ
һСħôҶĶ֡
ٸӣͺñħͻսħһħ緢һǧס˻һʣµǧðշ磬Ҫûϳ
ȴ룬ʱҶˣռҲ൱һԭʹͻһ֣Ҳֻħ൱˫ƽ֣˭Ҳκβ˭
ȻħԼɳǧϳһռֻʧһ·ϳӶӲˡ
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֣ͣҿԱ֤ٹ硣
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ϧѾˡ


2265 
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ͬʱڳħѹĽٴαǿħۣѪɫħ絲档

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µıʹɢħˣֱ˷۱
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䣡
ͬһʱ䣬ҶռɵһħٶȱǿʼߵĲ
ռǿҶҲűǿ׼۾磬ǰһ̤һµء
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Ҷı仯оԼ˿ޱȵǿ󣬱֮ǰǿ࣬ǸɲħѾС
׼۾磬ҶܱȼۣҲ̤˴۾磬Ǹжôǿ
Ҷһ̤뿪磬ɽ硣
׷Ѱħ۵Ϣǰħ硣
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Σ𣿡
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ʵɽȷΣգҶ׷һ·ϣҲ˺ܶΣЩΣ۶Ҫ䡣
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Ѿ׻ָˣҲɢµ
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ҶÿһƬգڵϣĤݡ
ͬѲԼĽ򣬲ȷһλۡ
ΪԴռΪۡ
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䣡
һƬɢҶ˹Ͽգ嫵ĵǿ
ɫ֪࣬Ҷ⡣

ۣǴˡ
дͷŹǰɡ
һĽǿߣܳڵϣҶҡβ
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ҶʶĿȡɪսãҶ̵ѧԱҶ·˹ȵȡ
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Ҷվڸ߿УĹ壬ȻָһһҵĵâɱڹڵĹʼ
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2266 磨֣
ħ塣
Ҷ뿪󣬾˹ħ壬ȻҪΪսһ£һЩͽʧЩսӢһ


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Ҷ˰֣ʾѧԱ˵ѯʵʲô
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ҶԳĬƬ̣漴һָѧԱüģ˵ι۹ѧԺ֪һЩѧԺĹѧ㴫㣬ϣܹѧԺҪ۵
л۴ˣѧԱҶȥıӰϵع

ҶѲŻ磬ȥ˵ᣬͬһƬ棬ȥ˻ĹܲХԨѾһƬأûһͷĹš
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ҶХԨϿգǺϢԨ̾ǻһԼսûǣȴѾˡ
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