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001 ˭
ϴѧǻᣬڼﲻ̫ԣ˷ݼְȴ˾ѧУ˽ȥԾһСٿǮһ䷿ӡ
ȵȷһ죬ȴо磬ȵڴϷȥ˯šԼԺҪ˯ȥʱȻһľͷĴűһ߿ϣģòֻܽɫһ˵
űϵ˲䣬Ҹܵһ⣬ߴڿҡҡ׹·ҪӦء
ڰУҸоҡҡλεĳһƬȣԼµķ˫ֱϣеһ۾һںڰзذ׵ҵĲϡ
𶯡
ҵĶʮȴżֵͳ
ʱ⴫˼ٵĽŲ׷
һһӵѣһʮۺ
еġӷɣ
ذ׵ҵӣȻӣѹ£ܹ͸ŵţܵΪļ⡣
һ˺ҵĶ𣬵ҷԼ·ǹʱѾˡ
Ǹߴѹ£ҵĻ´˸ϣ
ͱŵɵǷҪ
ǣȴûеõκεĻظԼĶȴ۵ס
ʱ⴫һȵ顱
ѲˣѵҼſڣ
һԲ𡱴ӿƮҵĶߡ
һƺʲô
ֻоĳ˺˿ֱ۵ĴҪƿЩٶз·
ôҪԻҪղŵȫװģȻôô
ҵ˫ֺݺݵץӣ޲ϻݣ
Ǹܲһͣ£ֻǽᡣ
ʱ͵ȵòͷѲӡءһ߿˱ͱڵĴš
ӭǵģĽʹصĴϢ
һѲӵ˽ֱǿ˾ǣŴҪȣȴһǸ˽ȥĶȴΪӭϡ
Ѳ˼ˣҲ˼˵һˣ˳غ˱߻ľš
ڳݼ䣬Ϣ˿̵Ҳûı˫ۣᣬҵ۽Ǵ¡
ҿҪ֮ǰӵĴҵĶߣǵͳȴּųŵĻ
նȢ㡣
ȴκλӦ
ڶһ磬һ¾ƿԼϵıӣһĨʺɫ˾֮󣬷ִûоҺסĵطȽϴӣҲ֤ټպǼǣֻ֮ܲ
طҲסˣԼĳֻСһˣֻܸС˸绰
СǶӣأӵҵ绰ʱ⣬˵סʱҲûʲô˵аԿ׷ҵȥþͺˡ
ԼĶµʰһ飬ȴԼͷԱ߾Ȼһ͸壬˵ǰ͸춼ˣΪеĺɫȻѪҺһĵξӼֵơ
ȻǾµģԼҲûС
ѵϵµģ
ҵȡԿףС֮˶һȻ̱ɳ˯ˡ
μԼһɫĹŴ£߽һʮֹӵԺԺӵΧ˺첼滹̽˵ϲ֣Ǹ֮µײģȴķΧеʮֹ졣
һŴɫɹٵվ˹ײĵԱߣݣȴܹɷ׵ɫƺƼҳȥе˿֣ǻһ˿Цݡ
ֱӱ⻭ѣͱ亹ʪϵԼؿڰοԼֻΣǿԼöɫ壬ǱŵĲᡭ
еǸɹ䣬һöһģһġ
öҵоһöɽζҪӳȥֵǣ뷨ʱôӣö嶼벻ҵġ
ʱѵС壿
ܳȥţȴڵɫӰûУһ˽иɫӣҰһŵֱӰӸȥԶ
ȻһѪɫ£
µǣѪɫ£ﴩǼ·һģһ
ѸٵĽŹϣ٣ϵĴԼؿڰοԼ룬ֻڶ硣
һֹסĴ۽£ǰǿαװȫ£ԼŶʮͣǿԺô죿
ȻҲκֻ֮ܲһУӰطһĿ˼٣Ǹɹô£
ɵһԾһ磬ԼصԭסĵطѲ֤ݣ
ڶһŸյԼԭסĵطͱһ
֪ʲôʱմѪǽϲѪӡҲȫǴѪĽӡôѪûŵ˿Ѫȵζ
˭ڶ磬뺦ң
վⷿֻоһɹҵĽŵװðһ·ҵǣһ£ֱܳӣóֻ绰֮ܵڰҰѯǰϵ
ⲻʻãԽҵɫԽ԰ס
ǰѲǰҰѲҪץǿҵӣô죬ΧھӲûȻңûùǼҵš
ʱҵļȻһתͷȥȴһŲ԰׵ĴҲ׵ľ룬ŵûվȣһƨֱ˵ذϡ
참񾯣Ҳһֹ㱻⾯ˡ
Ҵӵ
ֳѾˣǺɫĲѪӡͽӡǱģӡȥģϴһûжûҵɵȴ鵽ӵһǰˣǸˣûжŮô⵽ⷿӵģ


002 Ѫɫ
һ꾯ĻӶˣãҲæҡͷ˵ܣﶼסˣÿŶշġ
һЦЦӿڴͳһŰֽֽƬʶ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ʶǷ
ǣָҵɫԽԽ԰ס
ſɲͨİֽһ֤һǰˣҿô£
ҿѯʣֻ𣬽˸绰ЩζĿһۣ뿪֮ǰ¼ǵϵǡ
ؼҵ·ϣзһҶо·ʲôˡҵԱ߾
ߵСſڣȴ֮ǰҶԶǴֳ˼ſڣֻǸھΪСĶԷŻ˼ſڣɵһ첽ǰõСߵһͰ¶ȴյһİĶš
Щñ𶪡
ҿţСһͰӸͰѺӷһԣһ
˭
ãҲûţز绰ʱѾʾٷ
ΪţҲҰǴӸſڣҲҴҾͰŻԭλã˼ߡ
ҹԼѾûȥϿˣϽʦ˸绰˼첡٣ɻ˴ϡ
ĿЩ͵Ŀ⣬ȴоĴƺЩ֣񡭡վŸˣ
Լѵһ򿪣ʲôûУֻĹ̫࣬ԼЩɹҲû¡
ʲôʱ˯ŵģԼѾûʶˣԼȻμ˺ͬξ
ֻɹΪ죬һμǲ԰׵ӣһΣȴЩķڣҽμҶ٣
Ψöһֱʹҵ񾭡
ҸƲԼֻĿԼߵǹɹٵԣ֡
ҼãΧͬʱһҵ˫˲γѡ
ʱԼð亹ѾʪȫؿڣһöΡ
ⲻĻãһȴƺʲôԾˡ
ͷһּſǴѪɫ¾ȻԼϣ
ұŵĻæ˵ƣ·ȴֵϾȻһİ׽ӡһֱ˼ſڡ
ԭȱԼغõļţȻ˸˿ӴŹ˽һëȫ
գգա
ȻŲ·˲Ÿ߸·ľذ֮ϡ
ǵ˺þãȴûָӰͱŵĻ飬վԭزҶ԰׵ѾѪɫ
Ҳ֪һԭά˶ãŲһͣ£ѸٵǰŹϣ֮صԼķ䣬Լ˱ӡ
մֻȴȻ𣬴Χһֻ𣬷˾ȻС塣
Ҫ֪дôЩ꣬Ȼסң֮ǰСͨ绰ĴָСȴһζûҴ绰
ڣ賿㡭
Сӵ绰ͷ˹˯û˵ûУСȴҿԿ׶ˡ
ԭСˣһ򿪼ţСһ˲䣬ҲʲôɫһЩС
֮ǰֵİ׽ӡǼѪɫһûʰҪС忴ˡ
Ҷ룬СѾԽһصԼķ䡣
ٴλͷʱ򣬱˵ʲô׽ӡѪɫˣϸɾһȾ˵ǸոϹһ
ҪЩӶĹ£ĻΪһжһξ
˵Ҳ֣ԴС֮󣬵ǰ˼죬ǰЩһûУȴŪףԼǿµǶ绹ƣ
Ǹô£
Ŵ绰ʱҵֻȴˣ
ϵȴЩµķš
һҲŰѵ绰
ûסôѷŪôңŵӵ绰ͷ
Ҳ֪ǲΪãҾȻоŵر䣬һֻҶоһҵȫ
Ҹȥȴ͵˾ҿķŵ֤
ԽľãЩ֣ΪʲôԼסķȴ˸ǿ顱ˣ춼鲻κ֤ݲ˵߻ʼ
ɵãԼﴫ˳⼸췢Լϵ飬һ汾ĳǱ٣ͼӴ׵˵һ飬ҪݾߣŵķӦ
˭ϣһ߰οһȴһֱԼһ棬˵ʲôҪҡ
£˶Щˡ
֤ģſ˰
Լңȥˣ뻢ô
ƺǼûӦּ˾䣬˵رң޶Ůģһۼңʹϲ˵ҽ˰ķⶼһ˸ңȥ
ŵĻŵЩɣԼ˵ʲôЩģˣֻǵԼӦһ桭
ҹѸղźͷŵԺ󣬾öЩҪȥҳԵģǲŴ򿪷ţȴһȥӰСģôˣСҪȥģ
ڴСǺһԶԼ治࣬ӴҲ٣ȴΪصС˺棬µĲĸ˳ȥ
ŸȥҾЩˡ
ʮһ࣬ȻѾͦǰСﻹЩ߶ģôտ·ƶЩ
СıӰͦΣһμʱҲʮ꣬ǳӣҶʮˣǳӣ²ûºۼԽԽζ
һ񣬾СЩԶˣҪϣȴСսһСҸ߽ȥȴ˸


003 
СܺڣڵͷΧȴ˴ѵǹƬĳʱС壬ϾȻǼǰʧ˵Ѫɫ³ڻȥ
ҿⳡҪǰӾʱһֱҷڿڴȴ˵İȻâȵĲҵƤ
Ҳâ˲ǣٴ̧ͷʱǰĻʲôСӰǰǴӶһʧ
ҽӿڴ˳УĪģİȫУôҹһֱƽص˼С
ҵ֮ȴ֣СѾҹڿң·ڵҡ
ѵҸղžģǻþ
ݲҶ룬СѾҡ
ôһŮȥˣ
ŴɫҰЩ֪ôڡ
·Ǽû˵СҲûʣһҹ֮˷䡣
һϣڴ˼ȥ벻һȻܸоƺһڽңߵÿһ·Ƶ޷졣
ڶһ磬ֻȦӴոϴã˷ڴϵĵ绰ҪȥӣȴСٶȱҸ죬Ҳ̤Ѿѵ绰
ӣ绰ʦģϾѾ벡٣кܶûȥϿˡ
ڵңŪԼˡǿ£˼ȥϿΣ
Сù绰СͰһشʦ˵ϢͻȥϿΣ֮ѵ绰ˣŽҵϣЩٶҾ䡣
Ĳˣ㾫̫á
ЦЦ˸ۣ˵ԼΪְ͹ȣϢ졣
С󣬵˵ͷ˵Լע֮Ҳû˵ʲô
СľٶδЩ̫ˣڼǹ£ҺСƽѵó仰Ϊʲôҵĵ绰һ̬֮ǰȻظʦ
üûȥְûȥϿΣСﶼЩ£ֱٽӵŵĵ绰Ҳ¶ĴӦ˺£
ǣʱѾˣҲƴǣֻӲͷƤȥˡ
·ͬʱ˳ϴһᱡķ۵Һǡסһҹδķɫֻȴ˸ҿ֤Ǹ죡
ǵǾǰһζĿ⿴ңһ䣬Ҫʲô£ǵϵǡ
ķԼҼ棬Ǵ
ΪǰѾݾ߹һΣҲû̫ֻǰ⾯ĵ绰һݺУȥ˷š
ǰĳⷿҲԼûڴͷż棬Ҫôǰ̫ɽҪô졭
˿̵վڳⷿſڣ粽ȥܸоӾǿ˿յһ磬˫Щһҧ˽ȥ
ȥʱȴһæµӰǷţڰʰԭȵĲо֡
֪ǲΪæµӰ̫һˣҵоȻˮ
Դӱѧζ׼ؼңԼѾмûм˰ɣ
·ǲҵĵŻعͷЦЦЦݷǳĴ飬ִǾ֤Ǽٵİɣ
ôһվǰôѾһꣿ
Ѿʰĺܸɾڴ£ϸѯҵһ߰οңһҵ֣ϴĴУȴʶҪһӲĸ˰ա
ָоܣȴҵǡ
˵֣ôֱ·͸ѪҵĹ
Һд˵аСʱÿҪߵʱ򣬶ܱøֻ濪⣬һֱҳŷϻҵĶҪĥʱ򣬲Ŵӿڴͳһĺ쳮Ʊ˵ǺܶԲңסַӣ˸١ˣڰѷ˸ҡ
ҽǮŽ˿ڴҪڵʱȴóһֽǷת飬˵ұⷿӾɣرϲңϥ޶ŮģӲҪ¡
˵ĶĸҪ
Ҫƴǵʱ򣬷ſˡ
߿ޣקҵ֣˵һĶôôôˣҪ˶ûŮգҲǰӵģпո绰Ҫ£Ҳ˵š
Ҫǰûŵ֤һܱ仰ȥɫѾеġաҲ״ң֪ڴпܻ£æھܾ˵绰ǿԵģⷿӣԼĲա
ⷿţһ㣬ֳ˰СʱұͲıĸëꡣ
⣬һֻһֻڿڴҪ¾ϸǾ绰ˣ
ǽã˭ûã˵ĻѾ˵꣬Ȼʧ˻Һͷ˭ûȿڣȻΧ¶ȷ·Ҳ˼֡
ǷЭ˵ҲԸˣұһңζܴ򿪣һԼ򿪡
̬ȼҲܹϵĽҽӹϾһҶѣûȥʱҲû֪
˵ҲɣҽһգҲˣһȥ˵·עⰲȫ
һӳ߳һΧѾˣڵλϳ̫ô򳵣ʮʮ·̲ߵĳȥҲֻϵĽһ͡¹⡱һš
˭룬̧ͷߵһ·ڵɲǣһӭֱײĶܻţܣǰʱʱź·Ǳ׷
ұⳡŵĲУӿŲƵУȴڿ߳ϳŷ֣ԼϺʲô
˵ģǷŸҵĽҡ
һصԭȵĹ·ڣĻеĽң


004 ɱֳ
ڶһ磬ǱϴǸѵģ绰սĵһ仰ʵľûһң
ԺһŸ䣬ȴ˵Һһɱйأȥһ顣
仰˲ŵĴоѣŷӦ˵췿ŸҵǸң
ǣҶˣôһɱйϵ
·ǽ͵Ҳûҷϻ绰Ҷ֮һڷ˼ȥ벻һȻ
ŵ֣ҾͼʧǸҡ
ͬǣ췿Ÿҵʱ򣬽Ͽ˽˿ʮ㣬˿̷ǰմѪ
ͽһ𽻸ҵģмɱֳƬҽӵ⼸ƬʱŵһûסƬɢһء
ЩƬɱֳĵģİҿԿ϶ҴûȥĵطƬġʬ塱ȴǳ죬Ϊڵϵģվӵ룬ΧѪɺӣܵǽϻ˶ӣߵһͷʬһͷ˶ϣ·ǹ⽫ʬڳһͼ
ʬ·ڽЦӲļ⿴ȥ˿רŴ۾ͣʬı˲˹ҪΪĹ죬ĻΪƬһˡ
ƬԿɱֳﱻϰٸģ֩һʵһĻôɵġ
ÿƬΪĿվʬҧŵĽҡ
쿴ұƬŵĻҲû˵ʲôĽɢڵصƬһŵҵԿڵ
֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ҽŵҡҡͷƬﲻİǾʬҶԱ֤ԼûΨֻǸңǾҵ֡
Եλϴεұǿ顱λθ߸ݵģϻһƣд֣ΰȴûдְơ
ῶкһᣬȻվǰһСòųʱһļ˦ǰ
ΪղűЩƬŵһδһʱЩȥļҲ˵һϬңһֽļ˿
㿴ЩƬʶ𣿡
ֽĽļƬǰֻһۣȴŵĲᣡ
˵ղǻôֻоԼ׹˱̳
Ƭҿһ㶼İϲżҪѷ͸ҵķš
ֻƬķŲ֮ǰǾʬ״һģһﶼһöĽҡ
£ĳŷˣһ뵽쾹Ȼһ˵ôã̲סĴ˸
ңĵطס£ﱻˡǿ顱Ϸӡ
ʬͷŵ״һģһȴʲôϵ
ӲͷƤ̧ͷ῾Ͷһɫ
ûµģʬİֳ㵱ʱĳݸѱװֳ˵ǽӡˣһɵָƶΨǸиŮԵָƣҺǺϡ
ῲ˵ţȴֱĿңԽҵĺԽ顣
Ϊϴαˡǿ顱ھԼָƣȴ벻ǣô
·ǼĬῼ
ӸļؿԿȥϳ
ò˵ٵĳְҵθڣȴҲ֪еìͷָҵϡ
ԣǾɱ𣿡
ҲſھЩڣȴǽ˫пԼûкҩˡ
仰ҿû˵ϳʱ䲻Сʱߵʱ뿪֮Ҫǰ췢һ˵ôõǸҡ
῵Ļ䣬еŭ˲ȼǶֻϺƵģ
ڵңȴֻܰԽ£Ŀڡ
ҵķδԼϳ棬ҲҵģѾһ꣬ΪʲôܰѷңһܿҲ֪ڰ·ײġ
ûиһӦ޵ĵ˵ͷЩЦĿڡ
˼ǣˣ
εĵ˵ͷȴꡱһЦ
Ҳ֪ôǷģˣǸңǱײģӦǱ͵ģΪǰеԵǰƣ
Ҳ˵ҪңȴɺϵĳΪҵ
ҷӦȴǽҵҴȥҪǸҼǵϵ
һֻڶ
Ҫ˵Ķңⲻ
Ǵ۵ҿһ˿ݾܾ˼Ҿͬɽ붪ãֲá
ֱ῵һ˿Ц⣬ǿ϶ȴִŹƻı֤ûȥһ£Ҫǳţ
ȻȾѪĽҳ˾֣˼Уһ͵ؾѣѽҶѾˡ
ⶫҪǶˣӦû鷳ɣѣֻܽĹ
һУһҪȥȴּûСӰ
ϣȻʧѾãҡ˵Ĵӡ
ȻҽӴ򿪣ȻǼķѪɫ£ҲǣΪʲôСڵʱ¾ͻʧСһڼң·ֻ֣
ϿС屧߽Сͬǻþ
˭ڱһУΪʲôҪң
С᲻Ҳйأ֪ʲô
ҵḧѪɫ£Ӹ϶ȥȴԼָһۣ·ʲôĶοһӣѪ˳ǵӵ˼µ棬ֻһ˲䣬ڽ·


005 
ҵѪڽѪɫµͬʱָϱĿҲԶȴҲκѪ
ұѪɫŵĲᣬҲ߶ʮһˣֱӰĸӺߵСͰҪֻȴʱ
Ѿǵһˣһ붪µʱҲ˸ҷ˶ţ
һͣϵĶҽŵ㿪ȴţڰң
·Աһ
ϴθҷŵͬһǺ˻˭
ͷһ͵ػͷһۣȴֺͷĲݴ߶ʮִæ͵׷ȥȴֻܿһӴæȥıӰ
ѵһֱӼ
ӵıӰʮİŵöȴǻɻҶϳ
һŽԼڴö˳ԲҲ¹ڰöѪһҺ壬Եñһζ
ǵãİӡǿ顱֮ôղͬӵаӣǿ顱ҵ
ûˡǿ顱ǿ顱ҵľǹֺͷʲôϵ
˲ӿͷֻоԼһƬ̶֮ԽԽ԰Ρ
մؼңȴյС巢ѶϢС˵ҹˣԼעⰲȫһ˸֪ˣֻŻ˿ڴɫص˼С
Ŵţұɫ԰׵ıһֻ̧Ҫ̤Ʋܶ
Ҫ˵ϴС֮ǰǴ׽ӡˣôһȼֱС׼ˡ
Ҳɵ˷ţǾʬƬͬǣĵط˿ߣȴȫǽӡӣǽڣɳ
ŻǸӣһŷŻԭأѸٵİŹϣС绰ȴʾѾػ
Ѿʮ࣬С̣Χĵƻʮǿֻ¹ܹǰ·
ʮµѾǳ䣬ڼǰ紵ɪɪȴԸ紵Ҳ̤Сļ
ҹɫֻзĺХҶӱɨһԵ졣
ʱֻȻҵҲͨͨ
ô˭ĵ绰
ҳɵɲǣѾĴӿڴͳֻǸ죬ῡ
绰ŽԴ㴫˹
п𣬳һ档
뿪ڣȴԼıӱ紵Ķˣݺݵ˼ſôʲô¡
ȴԴǿӲұϻˣһ֪ˣ˵ַҲһشʹҴҹҶϵ绰
Ȼֻ˼棬̫˽⣬ô˵ҲǸ죬Ӧǲʲô£ټϣҽǡ޼ҿɹ顱
վȴѵһ·ʲô˵أͷһۣǴѪɫµĴӡ
ĪģкȻðһͷܸκ˿£СļĲٴˣŲ˵·ܾһҪŪʲôҸҿСҵţȴҲ÷СﲻԼϰȫ
ҸһͦģСļͰ˼ɾĴӹϣһȥλС졣
ȥ·ϣܸоЩֵֹģԼЩֱһ̤˺ԼõĿҲŻȻ
ֵĲԼΰ
Ȳ˵һϵĲ˯ȻԼɷýǼ˵ôаŵĽңһΨһһҵɱ˷֤ݣô׵Ҵ˼ҴУǸģȴұ֤Ҳ¡
ѵЩаŵĶ
Ҳ˵ͨҵʱ˵ǷҵģҼҲǷʱŵķ˳ЦŹˡ
ݲҶ룬˿̵Ѿߵ῵ǰ
Ҳ˵ôԼҳֱӰѲ˵Ƶҵǰҡ
ȵʲô
Ѳ˵ӹɨһ飬˱֭֮˺ȻĬ
ҿң˵ĵƺкܶ໰˭ûȿڡ
Ҳ֪ǲΪĵƹرҫۣҾȻȥ˾װϴżӵܵϢҪ֪ǰμԶܸоǹŨŨľϢ
ֱҵ֭ҵǰҶˣῲſںҴ𻰣ŵס
Ǵװʲôôأ
˵⻰ʱüëҿľЩ顣
ѵ֪ŵĶ
ϵֺݺһǸԼ˱۾˸Цݣ⳶
ôԼңʲô𣿡
û¾ͲԼ𣿡
һ仰Ǻ˸һ˴Ͼװȥ˾װôܲôأ
û˵ЦЦ쵽ʱҲŷ֣ǿֶӺ߻˸ӡ
ֻӴóһļڴ֮ǰ̧һ䡣
й𣿡
ҵ˵ͷҡҡͷ֪ôش𣬻һ䡣
𣿡
û̻ش𣬶Ҽ룬ޱ飬ЦЦļ򿪷ǰͬʱڡ
Ҳ֪ء
Խ˵ԽǸо֪ʲôԽǷë
һֻϺꡭ
ûںῴ𻰣Ƿҵǵļļĵһҳֻ࣬д֡
ذ
ֱҷ˵ڶҳɫ˲ৰףԽȥҵԽѪɫ
ҵÿһηҳ˫ֶǶ뽫ļ˦Զ
һԵ῿¶ɫ·ʮ⣬ǲʱʱĹŵЦʱʱҿ


006 
ļֻоԼ׹±̶ˣԼüƽˣſῡ
İ𣿡
ޱĵ˵ͷû˵ȴұҵıĸҡ
ļİӿɲһ𣬶
ÿʱ䣬죬һ¡
ܺȫǶʮ굽ʮ֮ĵŮӣȻͬ⼸˵ȴΪӽȫڰѮҳϸһ֣ᷢǵũȫ°롣
ǲ££ĵطһģһȫסµǸȥ״Ǿʬͷһģһ
û˵һʱЩΣ῵ıʮ׵ڸңҲڣǲȿڵġ
Ͼ˭ȿڣ˭ʧȥ˻Ȩ
ʱһһĹţ޵ĵĲԼˣۿʮҪŵԽԽ٣Ҳסῡ
ߣȫסǼ䷿ӵһڱɱΪʲôƽµס£ſʼ£
һҳסĿڣ۵ҲزסЦ⣬ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪
ұ仰Ĳվˣȴתһ룬ƺʲôῡ
ͬһطôˣȫôΪʲôˣ
䣬㿴ͶһĨĵĿڡ
ڷδǷһΡȴŮס֮ǰǾǽǼӶסĺۼֻ󣬲Ż¶˾סôˣȴһҲ㣬ȴһ
˵Щصض˶٣ƺ뿴ҵķӦֻ˿̵ͱŵޱ飬Ҳֻܽŵ
ס֮ǰѾûˣΨһһǲסȥˡ
ԣһסȥͱǼӵһ
һûסֱӿڲ῵ĻҲ֮Уû˵ͷ
紵ЩˣҲӺЩɵԴͷΧȴټĿֻʣҺһ¹Ӵ˽յ⿧壬˲
ˡǿ顯Ϊʲôң
ῪڣЩ֪Ǳ˵ĿŵģǱ֪
Ҫ㱨Ǹû
˵⻰ʱ쳣棬ԭǹ竲յһɶ
һʱ䣬ҶЩ֪ÿ˵ЩʲôΪҪٶȳĬʱվӣһ߽װãһ߿ڡ
߰ɡ
ҸվװѪɫµĴӴϣҪһ߳ȴһŸ̤˲䣬ͣͷҡ
й𣿡
û˵ȴˣһ߳ߣһ߿ڡ
֪زȥҴȥִһɡ
󣬲˼ĵɴ˫ۣҪ˵ʲôȴ˳ӡ
ԣ֪ʲôԼҳ
˾֣滹ֵ񾯣ȴ˿⣬·ȫϵһ῵˵ͷ֮ҴһϢң˴ӸңҲû˵κһ仰תһվԭط
Ҳ֪ǲãھ˯رȣڶһῷ˵Լ֮󣬱صС
˲俴Ǹɾĵ氵һ˵׽ӡˣֱһȾ·ϿЩֻһΡ
СķŽǱһҪͻˣڷ˸ĺӣѪɫ·Žȥ֮˴¡
˵Ҳ֣ԴԼõѪɫ֮ҲûзκҲûϵҡ
ΪƽȥʱεǸɹ١
ǸʮֹȴϲԺӣȴû֮ǰĺˣֱӱ˫䵽˫ֽգá
ڰõ˲䣬ΧͷһȻվֵֹˣҶǺþãȴֿ֡
ֱٴλͷһ
ǺҰõɹһֱŭң˿̵ңȴܹˡ
һŰ׵ķϵһ˫һۣǷӶ˼˿ͣһ˫ûѪɫΪ˵ģ˫ŭ⣬ȴ׵
ұŵĲᣬ˺üȴӲĸקĻڱק뻳һ˲䣬һһ䡭
·ǼҴ˿̵Щɣǽ˫˼֣ҵ֣öȡ£ҵС
ңȴҲе˲͵˫ۡ
ˡ
ȴֹסĲ򿪵ƣǰö廹ҵĴͷڴµѪɫ£ȴڲ֪ʱҵϡ
֮ǰιΣԼȴܿԼεξȴָͬܵĸо·һжʵ
˿Ҳ͵Ϊʲô￴Щ֡
ΪЩˣǣֽˡ
Ϊʲôһ᲻ϵμΣ
ΪʲôɹҲһö壿

òϡǿ顱ҵġˡɣ
˿ʱ䣬ڲ賿ĵ㣬ȴûκ˯⡣
ǾЩˣҾȻ׳ŵӴӴҪȥϴ
ĶһŲյҹ˼ֹ죬ֲ
գգա
գգա
һŲ·ȫ̤ҵ֮ϣƵ߶
ұŵĽӲӣԭƣûҶźҪϸŲǴ﷢ȴһ룬һ£͵شӷ˳ȥ


007 
Ų
Ǵҵ󴫳
ǣҲܳţ˸ǽԭء
ĵǴ򿪵ģɳиӰңȴûţһֱڷűֽ
·ұܵعͷһۣҴͷŴһ飬ɫżֲõĿڡ
ϴʲô
С仰˲䣬ӶǿյģΪԼ̫æϵǼѪɫ¸û¡
Ҳ֪·С忴Ǻǻ
ֻӲͷƤСǰ˸Ц
ѧУҪݳ·ˣûסóԴˡ
ʲôСüͷһֽ¡
С仰ʵһʱЩ֪ôشͣ˺ü룬ſڵ
һֻմҽܹŵˡ
˭ϣҵĻ䣬ǡգգաĽŲٴδҵĻʱӲʿˮĿͶСϣȴСµķűֽ
ôСȻûɵãҿ˾䡣
С壬ûʲô
С̧ͷüëҡ
ʲô
ҵĶʱѵֻҿ
û˵СҾʲôεЦЦ˵ԼˣɳϵԼȴ
Сȴʱȴ˵ϱ𴩵ô֣һط·ˣȥ˯
ôĻһأ
Ųǻ˵·ܾһһȥ·ǻ£
·ǼûӦСٴνֽ£Ҫ˵Щʲôȴ֮ǰվӣӲͷƤصԼķ䡣
һˣȴڹŵ˲Լʮѹֵĸо
۾һб˴ͷö壬ҾڰпһĨϣһ˲嵽ͷöӵ˻С
˵ܱаȥͲ򵥣ӦҲܰɣ
ѾҹСʮְ¥ϳͰҶһǽŲûʧԽԽԽԽ
ΣܹоŲҲǴҵ󴫳ǷŽҵǸ
͵Ҫ򿪳룬ȴӲ˰գԺкȻֳ˷ŵ״
˻ҪߴĿɵãݺݵĴ˸
ŷκһϸ΢ĶһҹֱһĨŲʧһжԼеķĵڴ˯ȥ
𴲵ʱѾ磬һµϵǼѪɫ£ȥҪϴϴϴȴоˮζЩ֣һţȴ˵ʲôζ
ֱٴνĿͶϴֳأŷ֣ղŻˮˮͷȻ˹Ѫ
ңѪϻð·Ǹմ˵ûȫ䡭
ŵĴУֱӳ˲ҪѰСӰȴСûڼһ˫ϲͦȴԼҪʲô㱻ŵţֱֻҲѸٵĸῴ˸绰
绰ܿͱͨˣ˵һ飬ұţҰѵַվڼſڵȣϾ͹
ڼſڵ˺þãȴû῵ӰɵٴͳֻԥҪҪºС˵ȴһֱͣڲŽüΣס嶯
ܺãȴܲ˿ů⣬Щᴵ΢紵һֹסĲ
ֱ῵ӰҵǰԵһСļ
ֵǣһȫҵˮͷһ飬ȴҲûѪǰѪǸɾһζûУ·ղŷһжһþ
ɳϣҺһʱ䶼Щ֪˵ʲô
ѷδҵǸóʱһ绰Ǵ῵ģҲ֪˵ʲô´绰֮ɫ۱䣬ԼһСģҪˣҪʲôϵ
һûü˵ЩʲôѾ뿪С
һ˻ص䣬ӳóǸңһͷӿرѽҸ򿪣ȴΪĻӲĸסˡ
̾ϢһѽҷŻȥȴȻо۽Χƺʲôһ͵س۽ǵķȥǷĴȴѾһˡ
ѵԼ
ȥһӰԿ϶ûпһӰ
͵س嵽ǰӴ򿪣ȴѾûӰ
ҹСʱѾҴ֮ȴҲûйĽԼһ˻ص˷䡣
ȻСദʱ䲻ǶСôĮҵϰΪˡ
ֻСҳȴһϤζ񡭡ģ
Ѿкüûмˣÿϼȥ̵ʱԺǻ᲻ĸֳ֮ǰ̶˵Ǿ䡣
ҺԼǧ
֮ǰΪ̲һҹϳ˵ϾΨһһϴѧĴѧ߷ô飬Īģؼ̣¼һҲá
ᣬѷ꣬ص䣬ȴܸоԼȥˣÿĻججĵѧУҲȥӵҪʲôʱ
ɵãٴνĿͶеĽҡ
ŲҴң᲻ж
֮һµתۣ
иͷҵȴҲֻͣŽҵҪ򿪣ֻȴˡ
˵ܲ٣ܲٵ
žȻʱҴ˵绰
Դӿ϶֮һ㶼нӴȥҲǰ취ĵ绰ҵ׸Ҳҽӣ
ԥʱ򣬵绰ȴԶҶˡ
ȴ


008 ҽйԳ
ŵСȴôǡɵʱҲɵһ˿ɻ˻˭
ɫѾܺڣҽҷŻ˿ڴһŹŸ˿ߺ䣬紵һ쬵ģȴûһӰ
ΪԼŵɲǣһӰҵ֮С
ֻ˻ɢŵĮϢȴӵз·𾫵ϸӣӢͦıӺӣĴɫ촽Ļ൱ƺʱЦݡ΢Цƺ͵شƲﲦһӾºͶ
ЦȴзĿγǿҵĶԱȡ
ò飬һۣ˾̫һѾõļͷâ
ǰӾǻɻҶϵ֮ǰյұ𶪼¿ӰӦþġ
ҰǸɹ١
Ǵ˿̵˱ҹɫյɫ˵֮⣬ôģ
ֱߵҵĸǰҵ°ͣ΢΢˵һ䡣
þò
ʲôкþòҺ֮ûʽ
ҵ̫ˣҪӣκһ˫ȾǹǦһ붯ˣ򶨣ȴ
ֱɿ֣ܶʿˮ
㡭㵽ǹ
شҵ⣬ǺȻһֻҵĿڴƺҪ÷ŸҵǸңǽҲóȴֽҵĿڴεĿꡭҪҵİ壿
屻ó˲䣬ĸܵΧһ˫΢䣬һ־档
ģ
ҪûŪĻǰӦþǡǿ顱ҵǸˣѵ岻ҵ
Ҹ뿪ʣȴɢϢŵı죬һʱЩ֪οڡ
ұŵĻð亹ʱȴȻЦˣɢаϢϵЦ˫һȴ´顣
Ҳ֪
˵仰۽Žң·Ҫ򿪣־òʱһͽҵУʮĸҵķῪڡ
úõȢ㣬뿴㴩׼µӡ
ҪҴ˫ͫпвܱ⡰ᡱĻƭ˹ȥ
·Ǽ⻰ûκηӦӵ˫΢䣬Ҫ˵ʲôʱͱŵͷֻȰߡ
һ׸ӣתߣתƺʲôعͷ˵˾䡣
ҽйԳǡ
ǵĮ·ûκζȤ
ҲҵĻشֱתźڰȥ
ת˲䣬ҿŵö塭
ҪûĻеöӦһģһ
ҴǸҵɶѲ³ͷһġ
һֱáǿ顱ҵӾҳ׵ǸǴöУָоʲôԾѵǿ顱ҵ
˭
ڶһ磬Ǳῴĵ绰ѵģڵĵһˣһûӦһ˾䡣
˭
ȴûںϸ˵ȥ˾֣£йء
ұ仰Ѿȫû˯⣬Ҫ֪һ춼û뿪
˾֣Ҳ֪Ǿйʲô˼
Ƕʮʮ֮ũ°ĵŮӣĵطȴҲǷŵļңѧУĲ
ͷһȫǱǽ˶ӣ˿ߴ档
ͬǣߵﲻûеŽңǱ˻һӣŵ˫һʮŤԼ죬ģڳЦʲôں˽̸Ц
ŮĲôСĵطϰٸ˿ߣ߻ĸ֩ƵģȴҲʱ̬ԶôĻ档
߽ͬһѧУСһ죬ҵѧãȴô򵥣ΪǲŮصʱ򿴵ҵӰ
˵⻰ʱǲŵģֱۿŮҵӰŲ˼ĵɴ˫⵽ô£
ҡҡͷֶ˷ļҡ
ıʱ䣬ЩָƵıȶԡ
һ⣬ϵָȫҵģҪûǴĻǸʱԳǵʱ򡭡
·ǿҵĻţῸͶ˸
£֪Щ϶ģ췢һһʮĺ˵һ顣
ҵ˵ͷεԼ˳ףдҹĽŲϴˮͷĵѪйԳҵЩȫ˵
ȴԶǰе飬ֻץס˺Գ֣ҰѹԳǵź˵һ顣
˵꣬ҵȵȣʮڹԳǵļǲ
ҿ겻˼ĵɴ˫ۣῡ
ĵģ
ȴң֮ǰ鷿ڷżǼŮӵʱڸмصĵط鵽ġ
֮ǰ;еĺܿɣ⼸¶֮⣬ȴûڳ˵Уô飬鲻κϢ
˵Щ῵ıȻķǳ࣬һ֮ǰʹ⡣
й𣿡
һû˵ȴʮֿ϶Ķ˵
š
ҵɴ˫ͬʱٴοڡ
ԳǺпܲˡ
ȻǰѾй˼׼ô϶Ǳһ
ʱֺȻһɧһСܵ῵ǰʮֻš
ضӣʬȻˣ


009 
СţҺСͣʬ䡣
ʬѧУó֮㱻ͣʬ䣬ڸղŷҽȡʬȴʬͲˣ
֮ǰûʬʧǰƣҲû˻ôĶʮСʱһʬ忴ʬʲôʱʧٵĶ޴ӵ֪
֪ǲãվͣʬ澹Ȼ쬵ĸо·ʲôһֱҵĲӺƵģῴҳͣʬɲǣҲŷԼֽĸƵġ
뿪ͣʬῴֱңز֪겻ң῵ɫɷ׵
ʬ岻ƾʧģԼӱ߳ȥġ
Ƶģ˲ض㣬ʱʱĶżذڳָƣһʱϰٸ˿ߴʬ壬沿Ťʬ壬ذڳĹҪ죬ж졣
˵ղῸңйҲˡ
賿౻ŮģŮͬѧʱ򣬲Ŵ򿪲㿴ôŵڻЩ־壬ڲûзκǰԤ׶ûУҪ죬ж졣
쵽֮賿ĵҽʬŻصͣʬ䣬ʾӱʱ賿룬ʱ
ʱֵͨྯΪƣʱ䣬Ҳ⣬Ͼ˭뵽ʬԼӱ
£῵Ϊѿһ߲ȥʬ壬һȻȥȥʱСĵ㣬Ҫڻϵ
ϣȴҴ˵绰˵ʬصѧУûȤһȥѧУʬ壿
ұ⻰һ
Ϊʲôң
ȴһ⡣
㲻Ūһô𣿡
ֲһ䡣
ѧУȽϤ
ò˵һϺ꣬ңҪ֪ҶܱܶԶ֮ܶԶ֮
ҲŴ򿪼ű㿴һſڵңͼݶһȥ
Ϊʲôֱ˵ĸо
Ϊϻкܶྯһ𣬿ǵУſŷ֣յУֻվһһˡ
ϵԼĪʮӣʮݣһװֱ󣬿ĵһۿܻʮֵ͵ϸһȴ֣װֵơ
ٵһŮӣһµƤ£ǰ͹µţһͷƺɫĳϣȴһī
ˣŮӽīժ£һ󿪿ʡ
ڽȥ𣿡
῵˵ͷҲû˵
ȴʮֺĿⶢҿһ
Ҳ֪ʱôֵ˵
ǰѧУͨڲߵ࣬ټУ԰һˣԵʮֿտ
ǴѧУĿĵתһȦҺһһֵľƣ֮ῸߣҸǸŮһҪϵ
Ļ䣬ұῺݺݵҡͷȲ˵ŮӴҴȫ˵һʬ壬ҺŮô죿
˭ϣȴ˦˸ı飬ҲҽֱͣӸ뿪ҵߣұˣǮĴ
ߺŮӿڡ
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һûʲô˼һŮŻͷһ۵
ҵ֡
Ҷ˵ͷ
ҽ
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ǰƮæϣ˾䡣
ô֪
ȴǲĿһۣɫû˵
û˵Ҳûʣ˺þãþã˵ˣëû
ҪǼǼôɫĻΪˣ档
ôҪĳȴֻˣҲɵöǵݺôʣ̽˵ƵģԹԵĳǰߣҽ¥ֱ֮ˡ
ۿžҪߵŮᣬҵԺвɵøֳڼ﷢ǹЦʱģ
ԽӽᣬҵĽŲԽЩԽоΧĿ˼֡
·ǼҺ£ſڵʱ򣬳̽ţȥ
Ļ·˾ǣæ˵ͷҲվſڡ
ֻ̽һţһŨصѪζ˱ǶѬҶҪ˳ûƵҲֱǰȥ
Ҳ֪ǲã̽ӰʧҾȻԽԽÿÿк紵˴ԾƵġ
˺þã̽ĪЩ£ʿˮ뺰֣ȴŵһɴ̱ǵζֱԼ챻˸ϣ͵صɴ˫۷Ӧ
ŵģʬ
˲ǡɣ
Ҳ˼ĻعͷҪˣȴű˿ߴ߰˸ֹסĲҪĽκҸˣֻĿԼ˺ڰ
ȻоԼ˸˿ҪӣȴΧڵֲָҲκη
һҲʱҵĶԡ

һҵͷƤ˲һ𣬸ȥֻҲ˳˻
ҺµĺˣٺˣȴôˣҲһ֧ԼĶֱԼݺݵײһּӲ壬һһȴоǸˣ
һűҵĲϣǼϸЦ
ұŵȾҪӣǲܳȥһͱʲôݺݵˤ˵ϡ
˿̵ѾŵĶҪӳȥ
ǺڰеǸȴ˿ŹңһֺֻݺݵסҵĲӽҴӵק
ƴֿȴԼѻʯĸоԼĿԽԽ٣ԽԽ٣ҿҪϢ˲䣬ΧȻˡ




010 ҵ
ֻ˲䣬ұ֮ǰҲӵ˫Ҳ˺Զ
·Ǿñ͵Ϯɵʮֲˬͱ˿ߴ߰Ӵ˿ҲŤŹԳŭһֱӳ˹òǳˡ
ԳǼ˲ûк£ǻ΢΢һ䣬ż˿мҪ嵽ǰɲǣֻءһ
һķѵը˿
ڣҵˡ
ԳǾ𣬿ķ飬ΧͿһˣ˻Ӧ
ѵ˰ٿһУ
ΧĿ£ͷСĵĴ飬ȴﾹȻѧУѾõһС·ҲΪѾãﳣϷΪӰԩ·
ֱԳǱ߳ԩ·Űҷ£Ҷ˼֮󽫴ҵĶῪڡ
´ΣգôɵģѽҴ򿪣Ҿͻ֡
Ϊʲô
ʡ
ȴǶһЦҵķ
ԹԵȢ㡣
ڹԳת뿪˲䣬Ҹܵһ˿⣬мֵĮ·ˣѪ˹
ʱůʱ䣬һʲôˣ
Ҫαװǲߵĳ嶯
ǵõʱǿ顱ҵǸҲ˵ҪȢң
ԭŹԳ뿪ıӰ˺þãֱҵļ˺ݺһģŵһƨ˵ذϣͷǣһ
ղűˣ
῿ڣҵ˵ͷѸղŵ˵һ飬Ҳ֪ǲ˽ĵãҾȻԶȥ˹Գǵʵֻ˵ǳһ˾ҡ
ЦЦ˵ã˸ˣҴȥղըĵط
ԭأǿʬ飬῱һλصͷ϶¶־㵡
̽ɺĿһۣҲû˵ʲôҰѸղͷҵľƻ֮ῴ˸绰˹ֳ뿪ѧУ
˵Ҳ֣ԴӹԳǾ֮ҲûЩֵֹ飬ȵĹ˼죬ҪѧУϿεʱ򣬳̽Ҵ˵绰˵Ҫһ档
ֻһ֮Ե˵Ҫңͦģֹ֣ȴҲӦ£Լ˸طҵ˵ʱȴǵˡ
һҵ˸ͷǴкѲ˵ңʲô
һ˸㣬֮Ա˼ˣȷҪˣҲû˵Լҹʲô¡
ֱЩסҪˣſڣҡ
ǲ޸ĸС̳󣿡
һЩȵĵ˵ͷ
һһĨҿЦݡ
³ʮ£ȴûʲô飬ֱ³ʼײ
鶼˵УҲЩȴǸɫȻ
ҵĻȸˡ
㾭ֽűǱŵģǱˣأҲйס
£Ҳסˣ
֮ǰ˵ģҿΪʶῸġ
Һû˵ôɣ
ɵãһ
㵽˭
ȴ˾䡣
׵ˣһ㶼ûк³
ˡ
Ҳ֪ǲΪԳңȻҪĳ嶯ŵĶЦЦ
ЦݻûЦ꣬ȴңǲǲţҿԼǲǳһߣڹԽԽڣԽԽڣֱǸйĽףҾûˣ
͵ؽԼָ̧ȴƾճһߣʱŵɫɷף
ô£
̽û̴ңǶ˼ĵĿڡ
϶ܺҾʲôݣҲܺΪʲôʬῲûаžӣҺʦǹƥĹȥܺôôѧУôҵİɣ
ԣʡ
ȥԣҪȴӦҺҿԸ㡣
̽ţȴǡҲҵ»
Դӱ֮һֱɵһˣҲκһͻƿڣи˺ҲʧΪһԲߣֻҸ棬Һʲô
ҲŸոʳڣȴˬĶ˵֡
ҡ
ңǽң
ҵǸʲôôоһʱըƵģ
ŸңζҪ򿪣ԳǸңҪΣմ򿪽ͻ֣̽ˬĸңҪҡ
Ҫ֮ǰҪңİͲ˸Ͽߣڣȴò
棬ǲʲô
·Ǽԥ̽ڡ
ڲѽҸҲûϵ֪ʲôʱֱ͵ҵϵģҪԸҺҰǸйĳŵ
ŵҲ˼ܾմӦˬİ֮ǰ𰸸ҡ
̽ǵʿʦѧУҲûʲô֡
ܹ֮ôҵңȫǸСľƣǸСľƿ¼ҵϢһ㣬ȥĺǣֻҪϴСľƣǶҵҡ
Щʳ̽
ô뿪Ǹй
ȴұżһСľơ
ľƺ֮ǰĲһѩѩ׵ģмȴʺɰһ䣬Χĸǣֱ𱻵׺Ķ俪޵һ
̽Ҵؼҷż죬ϵĺ߾ͻᵭȺߵȥ
˵Ҳ֣Դӳ̽Сľ֮ϵĺ߹浭˲٣߿ҪȫȥʱҸ̽˸绰ȴ˵еæȵȸһص绰
ҵĵ绰ŸչҶϣ˫ȼȻһȣ·ʲôʣͷһȫѪ


011 
ЩѪˮƵģ˳ҵĴһ·˵ذϣһĹŪվĵطȫѪ
ұŵɫ԰ף͵ܽϴ˸ˮ裬ôϴѪֹסʡ
Сһʹ·ʲôҪҵĶ۵ֱ˵ذϣû
Ҳ֪˶ãҺȻоԼʲôڷ̣þ˻˳ŷ֣ǿѪҺһҺڿٵʣģԭͨ׵忪ʼȾѪ
彥Ѫ죬ҵĶӾȻҲûôˣϵߣȴǳʧˡ
ǳ˹Գ϶ֽ
ӵϴ˱裬ѵذʰһ飬ٸ̽绰ʱȴʾֻѾػˣ
ŵһһֻоԼòǱ˸˰ɣ
ҽ̽ҵСľƸ˳ȴľĸɰ׺Ķһ˿ҲѾˣ
ҽǿҲһ˳ȴ壬ǿѪҺһҺȴĪʧˡ
˵Ե֣ȴû뵽徹Ȼʱ̾һ
һֱȵϣҲûȵ̽һص绰ĵ绰͸˵ˣһֱûĸῴ˸绰ʳ̽һ̽ʮ⣬һôһߺ˵ó̽ʦеŹ֣ٽӴΪá
£ҳˣһֱΪΏϳ̽ʦæǺ죬ҲŷĵĺǱ֮󻹺ݺݱ˰һ
Ŀʲô
ΪҺ͹Գǽ⿪׵𣿼ȻĻӦѾǽ⿪ˣΪʲôҪң
ĿʲôȴòǳýӣһֱΪĿǸҡ
˸ڰ῵ĵ绰ˣֻȴ͵һš
ʵϤ֡İҪѪɫ¶Ͱʱ򣬶ֹңټǹԳǸҵģһյŵʱ򣬻˹ԳǴæȥӰһֱΪġ
ҵϢҲɵ
ҷϢǡ
֪࣬ȥδ
ò˵ķҵĿΪرеҪ֪ҵ˭ǿ顱ҵĵǲǹԳǣУˣ˭
ĲĹˣ֮ǰʮҶȥҪǷŵ˵ĻģҷţΨһһŪİ취ˡ
һֱԥ˰ҲźݺһҧŴ˸绰
֮ǰһ绰ܿͱͨǲɭӵ绰ͷ˹ﾹȻϲ
ѽ˵㶼ǵˡ
һŵͱŵֽűȴֲòװʮֿģ΢ЦĴۡ
ѽţⲻǸ绰ѽ˵ˮ㡣
һҪȥеŨˣȥϳĳ֮˼Ҷ˵绰
绰꣬͵طԼȫǺͷҲ类亹ʪ
ȥһֻܲ
ȥ֮ǰѽҺȫϣǼѪɫ£Ҷ߶ʮһϣڹһ£ٽʮһµҰԼøƵġ
ҳŻЩģص˼ҵ꣬ʲôƷֽľʯ֮뵽Ķȫһ飬˿ڴôͦȥδ
Ҳ֪ǲãҲ̤ϳĵؽܵһ粻ͨķ㴵ĺ䣬ֱ͸··ܹĹ
һ䲻Ĵ˸ͷƤ˲һȴֲòź¼ǰȥ
ϳķȫǸ˼ʮ꣬͵ģΧ·ƾ͸˵ˣЩ·ڵ·ƻˣҲ˹ޣÿ·С·ʱ򣬶̲סıܵ·ƵĵطŸһ
ŵļʮ·ڵĴſڣվʮ·ڣҪ̤żҵʱһʲôڲ涢ҿǵתȥʱûӰֻԼ̫Ų˴һûԥһ̤˷ŵļ
ķΪˣûпƣڷϵһյС͵ƣ˱ŴţĽŲûлͷûƵԭء
Ҳ̤뷿żҵ˲仹ŵһʬζŵһûվȣǰһ㣬泯ˤȥ
ӣһַڿڴǿ壬ŸСĳŷȥ
ֱߵ˷ŵ࣬ת̧ͷҶӣӵɲǣұŵĴУֱӳȥȴҿҪŵɲǣһֱӹôţžǴ򲻿
ұŵȽŷĴţڳݲŻķ
㡭ǹ
Ȼ˴𰸣ȴ̲סʳ⡣
˿̵ķţЩӣһǱˮݵͷףʱ˿ߴӸĺۼֱĿȫǡ
һ߳ߣһ߶ķЦΧĽŲֻԼŵĿҪĺ
ûпƣֻһյ͵֧Ĺâܿ㱻ŵ
ҵǰҲ˵һḧҵգһ߶ҡЦһŨصʬ˲˱Ƕֱҵǣٴ۵ʱΧȴˡ


012 
Χ֮ȴ͵طҸûڵذϣǲ֪ʲôʱϣҶ棬һңϱ˵˿ߴĺۼˣһ˰̶û
ζҲû˸ղôĵʬҺͷмСľϣҲûǰΨһõ͵ƣ·ղŷһУǴ
ôӽһֱڵϷſڣʮֺͰƽʱ˵ӡ
ȴţղŵһжǴȷȷʵʵҵǰɵÿ򷿶ŵĿżɺܿ㱻Լĵף֮ǰѾݾ߹һˣһҪ
ҽǰˮϣ͵һƺʲôȴܿ챻ԼЦȥװģĶԷЦЦ˵Լû˯ãп
Լȴµϰ£µͽ߬һ
ˮǸղŷһǵáԼˮһһΣ
˼䣬ԼҲ˼֣ûĿģ͵ؽһת̽Ե˵˾䡣
ŶԲϴθҽҵʱҲСİѽŪˡ
һЦЦҡ
Ūˣһ𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷҡҡͷ
Ҷ˵ʱŴ绰ǸûпܺҵĶģǵڶ쾯ȴϵңѽҸ׷˻ǲҵġ
ҹ⿨һ£Ҳ֪ȤĶҵ˵ͷҼ˵
Ҳ֪ҵĽǱС͵͵ߵģΪҵָƣԾңС͵ĺòҰ˿߶˼
Խ˵ȥŵ˫۾Խŵֱӱǻͨͨ·ʱܹ
˭ϣȴȻЦˣЦǽһ׺ͣһҰѽóһߴż֡⡱˵
͵˲͵Ķ򿪣
˼ǣС͵ҵһʼûɱң̰˽ңԲģ
·Ǽɫ԰ױŵĲ˵ŽҽҵУʮġ
򿪽ңͲ£ʱˣԼ򿪵ġ
дżֹģͼвȣһʱԷ뺦ңҡ
ȴ˿ûǹԳǺ˵Ǿ䣬ҪҳԼӦԲˣ򿪽ͻ֣
Ȼ·һҲ֪˶ãԼЩסҪڵʱ򣬷ȴ͵ץסҵ֣ɴ˫һ䡣
ǲǻû¾
ұôһʣԷŵ˵ͷ
˭ϣɫȻʮ⡣
𣿡
ûشȴȻżɽ
Ӧ֪Ҳˡ
ҵ˵ͷʵ
ңĿĵİɣ
û˵ȴ̾һ·ʲôЭ
ʲô֪ģʰɡ
ת̫죬һûӦӱһƬհף˼룬ʿˮŵĿڡ
ţмƭ㣬סⲻǱ٣Ǳǿ顣
˵ͷ˵֪Ҽ˵
ҽʵ˵˳ڵʱһʯͷһȴֺ·ŻẦңȴ˿û١
ҵĻ䣬ȴȻЦĿһҡ
ǿ˭û𣿡
仰ЩûȴҼȥˣһ߸ߣһζԴǸҡ
뿪˷żңҲ͵ط˽ջ
Լû¾
̽ҵǸСľƺпܲѹԳǵҪҡ̥
ԣҺпܣˣ
ǣôһҲ벻ͨ
ҹѾ뿪ϳҪһ·Ҳ뿪żҲԶȴоԼЩڣ⣬һ·͵صɴ˫ۡ
ΧտֻԼΪʲô˵ĽŲ
ʿˮҽӲͷ­תȴûʲô쳣˿תɲǣȴŵһƨ˵ذϡ
һ˫ֽҴӵ𣬺ݺݵĳǰ˦˺üףصʱֻоԼͷһȣ·ʲôӶͷ
Ǳӣǰ˦ҵʮֵ⣬ﲻˡЦϸ̶ִһһĳҵķ;ĵطǴϵµ⡣
Ǳˣ·͵ҽңȴ򿪱ɱС͵
ǣѾôΪʲôڻܲң
Һµһһ㳯Ųȴû֮ǰĻţ˺üԲߣҵ˲䣬ǰҪԸŵľƷֽʯʲôȫϣΪܹѵʱȴݺݵĸס볯ҶͷµѪ˹ȥ
ģԱˡ
һʬ˱ǶðҲҶĻ޷֮
ҿҪ򵽵ɲǣҺȻŵһʮֵŵī㣬ζܺţҲϤȴ벻Ź
ֱұһֻĴ˹ȥҵ͵¡
Ϥĸо
ȴû
·Ǽʱ̻ڶֻС˾䡣
Ů鷳ա
һ룬Ҿֱӱݺݵ˦˱ĵذϡ
ǰϮҵֻйŵȾӣȴӲıŵǸƲö
йУҿľ¡
ҵȴ˸ЦݣƢͶ֮ȴһµϢһۣ붥Ĥݡ


013 
ЦӯӯĽǰֻйУƤƵĽһţֱӳȥ
ֻءһǰϮҵֻй̻һը˿
̧ͷĿ˺ü룬ֱԴ˸СŻͷһۣԭԻվһСȥĺӣȴװһϳɡ
㣬֪ҳ˧ٿˮҪˡ
ʶǣһȴ⺢üͷһҡҡͷС
̱軹׳ա
ҵ˲һȦҪиҹֱȥ뿪˵ʲôʱȴǣСͷҲصĳǰˣɵǰ˼ʡ
Ϊʲôң
û˵ֻһۣ۵׵ĲͷΡ
˼룬ŴĵĴ˼֡
֮С
ʲô
ʡ
ûң·˵֣ǰ˼ĵĴ֡
롣
ǣŵСкȴʱعͷһĿҺüۣ˸һ
ս㣬סңҽг̡
һվһճҪ˵һΪǸӡ
뺦ҵ˲٣ھȻҵˣԻȥ·ϣһֱ룬˭Ļң
Ҫ֪뿴˿ȹԳܣǿ
ԾòҲǹɣ
ԺҹѾˣҺͰѹ˴ͷ֮ʮְȵ˯˵ڶ硣
һֱʧĳ̽ȴʱϵҡ
ҽ绰ͷһʵıûѪϵĺûʧ
ʶĿһϵĺߣȴԭҪĺߴ˿»صҵϣɵҪĻ
ϵĺûˣҲ˺öѪΪʲô
䣬ͼ̽ٴڸǲ˵ĵ⡣
ѪͶˣһڸľƣһѪͿԳװйԳǡ
仰ǺһЦйˣȴ
һֱ㶼Ҳˣ㲻˵æҴ绰Ϊʲôϵѽ
·û뵽һ⣬̽˺һᣬſ˸ɣ˵˳£æѾˣ´ңһѹϾϵˣҸϿԼط棬ҪѶҡ
˵˸أȻûã̽ͳҵǰθҵľƺϴͬεľƣķڣǳ걻ѪˮƵġ
ңľƱŮ¾žŰʮһ֮ҶĵĲûľƸӳȥ
˼䣬̽˸˵ҪߣҼǵðľƷϣҪٴ绰ҡ
ҽľպãص˸СȴҲû£˸ҩһаҪĻУԿ϶̽Ҷĺӡ
аĽһֻоԼǰһأܣһξˣȴҲǿҵ˵˭
Լǿ֪֮٣ټϻô£Լûз֣ô֪ģ
ܸоԼǱǣűߣÿߵһ·綼ƵģָоϢȴҲ֣ô£һߣ԰ҵ˶ûС
ɵãﷺ˼⣬ȥҽԺúü飬ȴ῵һ绰˷ֳ
ˣģȴˡ
һֳΧ˾ߣýָͷ룬ܲ³϶֮ǰЩ˵һֻһֱ벻ףЩ˵˭ɱģ
ΪʲôҪɱЩˣ
ɱ˻رйɡ
ֳûʰҵӷЩѪûҽȥῳô£
ȴһ԰׵ҡҡͷҡ
ǲǵϴκ˵й
ҵ˵ͷȴҶ˵˾䡣
һɣЩǹġ
𰸣ҵУô졣
ȴңó̽ʦһˣû취ץĻ֣ȥˡ
һһæῡ
ϴζ˵еŹ֣ô
꣬룬ô£һʱЩòע⣬Ҳǻô죿
ȻͷһȱţֳʰˣȥƵ˵а취
·ǿгӣ£˵ͷæʰֳȥСļء
ȻϣСļ֮ǰɱ˰һ˹ԳǵӰ
ῼԳҲһҡ
Щˣɱ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ᡣ
ȻӴĲ࣬Ū־ܿмô鷳İ취ǣ϶Щйء
ֻߣʶɱ˵ˡ
῵ȵȣȥҸˣ뵽취
ڳСɲǣͳֻһΪˣδ˸绰
ӵҵ绰˿⣬·֪һϵƵģȥϳ֮ҴҹҶҵĵ绰
ֱңŲẦңҪû´Ļɱŵˣͺ⼸ɱ˵ˣͬһˡ
ŵżſڣҸţȴ˸˿߳ˣȻϾҵģ롭
ң˵֮УòǷȵҰɣ
㶵Ĺ򣬾ûôƵģ뿪˺Զ
Ҫ̤뷿żҵɲǣŵһŨʬζ㲻İϴһҲŵζ
˺þãþãҲ֪ζʲô
ŵļи󷨣ζһШӣζ̤룬󷨵˿ԸָĻþɣȥ֮Ҳȥ޻ء
һУǷŶҵһ̽


014 ɱ
һţܵһɺ⣬رǿŽ촩ŵ·ŵվԭأЩǰ
·ǿҵľٶδڡ
𣿡
ӲͷƤĶ档
Ȼ֪ǹ촩ʱҶ棬ôҲе㲻̧ͷ
ûҿ˵δҲûڿǾңұĻڣӲøοڡ
˺þãֱҲ̲סӲͷƤ̧ۣδ
ţʶ룿
˵ͷû˵
þҵ𣿡
Ҽʣȴʱҡҡͷ
ҼδҡͷֹסĲ죬
ǻ˭
ʱδȴ˿ڡ
֪˵ɣʲô
⿪żɽ˵Щ˼һ˾䡣
ţ֪ɱ˭𣿡
û˵˫ȴ͵Ͷһɾ⣬΢΢ſڣһ֡
ҡ
ұ仰˸æЦ
ҿЦ
䣬δȴȻЦˣЦʮֳЦ˲ʮࡣ
ûпЦ
𰸵ǳҵϣɱԼĸ֩ƵģһҪ˵ʲôʱȴ˻Ȩ
֪ʲôֻҪ֪ɱĶɱͶˡ
⻰Һ˰أæδ
֪ɱ˵˭𣿡
ŵͷ˵ֻܸɱճ¡
ұ𰸾Ĳһǰ㣡ɱճ£ǲǳ̽
⿪ʲôЦɱ˵Ĳǹ
ôҪ֪ʬʧٵʱΏʦʬء
ȻһҶԭأұʬߣ
뵽һȻһòʱͿʼ˰ɣ
пܣǹҶϣٿʬǰңΪġԳǰɣ
ָоЩԾʲôʱ򣬷ȴʼˣ֮ǰһһ߸ߣһ߶ǧ򿪽ҡ
뿪żҵʱѾҹΧ·Ϳһˣĵ·ţȴаСʱû߳ϳ
ŵĴȾͳǰȥ˺þúþãȴԼֻصԭλá
кȻֳ֡
ǽ
ҵǵж౳й£˹ǽ
ֻ绰ȣȴֻһźŶûˡ
Īģһһƨ˵ذϣֹסĴۿ
⻹Լ֮ĵڶᣬ̶԰Σһ˵ĸо̫ˡ
Ҳ֪˶ãһֻҼæҰֻ˳ȴһš
İ˵һ㶼İұ𶪵ļ£ҵķš
㿪ţҿ֡
ⶼ
·ڳЦִżҿĻ˸ԣȴָȥ
ԼĪֹһӣİٴθҷϢ
ţ
ֻ˸ԣǷȥĲֻˣʱİַһš
ڸʲô
аʮ˴һ飬ò񫣬ֱӰֱӴֻ﷢˳ȥȴ跢ȥ
һš
ǲң
ʶĻ˸ûУȴ͵ط֣žȻȥˣ
ûӦͷš
ûңڵϻȦȦ
ұ˸ȴһš
ת
ʶĻعͷȴޱȵҡ
վ
ڡ
վɲǣȴ͵סҵ֣ҳȥߣС˾䡣
汿
ĪģȻٵЩҿǰ·ֱһ·͵˼ſڣŷӦһ䡣
ô֪Ҽң
û˵˾䡣
Ϊʲôң
ʱ̧ͷһۣޱ˵ĸ֡
֮С
ͷҲصˡ
ȥıӰ㶣ȴһøղźŲãĶûзȥǲŴֻһȴ֮ǰûȥĶȫԶ˳ȥ
һ£ð֡
ˡ
ڣɲǡ
İǾ룬ǽҵȻôڰңΪʲôڲų֣
һҹΣڶһұῴ˸绰˵ֺܿǳ̽ǳȣʲô֤ݣ
仰ʵҵЩϾҪǷź˵Ĳɱĸڳ̽ͷϡ
Ϊ֤ԼΪ̽Լ£˼һ֮󣬽Լȥҷȫ˵
˭ϣȴһ⡣
֪ôʶ̽ǵ𣿡
ôʶģʡ
ȴңǳ̽ϵģ
Ϊһɱ˰ҲĴѰҿԽµĸˣҲ֪˳̽ʦ޿յСŴӦ˺Ǻ
꣬ȻЩЦ
һֱۣƣƵĿ
˺üƽԼ飬ΰô죿
ȴ˸Ҳ֪
̽ɱ˵ַ̫أûκָ֤ɱģ֪ɱЩ˵Ǹ
ʱҺȻһˡ
Գǡ
Կ϶ԳǺͳ̽ʶϴʬɱǹԳǶſ֮ҲŰ˼졣
Ҫû´Ļ̽ǴԳǳ֡
ԳǾĲǱˣǳ̽
ҳ̽ÿɱˣԳǶڼػУҪǴӹԳ֣ܷ˿
ǣйôҸôȥ


015 
ῶԳǺͳ̽ϣϢϵҶ˵绰
˿߶ڵϵһˣǷţȻû˵ȴҲԸܵĳ汻̽ɱˣȫЧ·ŵ
ΪʲôҪô
ֻ˲䣬ҵĻһɫݺһף˼ĵɴ˫ۡ
Ȼÿγ̽ɱˣԳǶ֣Ҫô鷳ȥѧУȻʬңƭԳǣֱɱ˲ͺ
ԽԽԵĺߣҺȻ뵽һԲߣֱӳط䣬ҳ̽ҵĺľƣþݺݵһľ롭
󡰻šĸ̽˸绰绰ͨɲǣ˲˳
ľľˣϵĺֳˣô죿
Ȼ̽һ£˵żֲ졣
ܰľôˣǲȥ
һϹдżЦĻȴɴżֳ
Ҳ֪𴲾ͷľˣϵĺֳˣҡ
ʲô
û˵ֱ꣬̽ҵĻ
ԽԽţҵǲһȣĿڡ
ҷ֣¾һûˡ
Ȼ̽󣬺˲һֱԼ˸طҳ濴
·⻯˸ʮ㲵ױݣͽãǿ˵Сľƾ͵˺ͳ̽ԼõĵطҲǵȺ
ʱ͵һԼʱĵˣһû㿪ҰСľƸ
Сľüͷ˺ü飬֣ϵĺߡ
˿̵ĺߣɱһθľƵʱҪĶ࣬Ҳ֪ǲ˵ǽ׵ıʶȴҲ֪϶ʲôö
ã̽ЩʲôֵˣȥһЩȽصĵط
ҡҡͷ˵ûУֻȥ˸ɱֳҲû߽ȥ
̽˵ͷ·˼ʲôȴ˿û˼Ļᣬſ˾䡣
һû¾ỳ˰ɣ
̽ҡҡͷڽŵʱܻ᲻¶һЩҪʶĴ˴Լ˫֣һܱ˹ȥ
ų̽ĶĴżּȴװ桱ʵ
ŵζ£һû¾ô°
̽û𸴣ҽſڡ
ΪʲôҪѪŻ⿪׵׺Ѫйϵ𣿡
û뵽һֱ̽һʱҲõƴǣװģĸҰ˰˿Ŀҡ
пḁ̊́
˵⻰￩һԼǻˣǺӵĸ׵˭
ɵãҴż̽˾䡣
ӣǹԳǵ𣿡
̽ȴشҲԼã
Ҹûǰ֣ұҲǡʶԳ˵ġ
Ȼ䣬͵طӦ˹Ӳ˺ü룬ŴЦЦҡ
Գ˭
Ȼҵȼһ˿ζȴɴһʵ
̽㣬Ϊʲôش꺢ӲǹԳǵģҹԳ˭
ǷԼʧ̬ĴЩ࣬̽ϢһԭǸɫ̬˳󿪿Ц
ոպ˵ǾòģҾ͸ѽ
кǺһЦԲѣȴ
ҶкӣǹԳǵģΪʲôҪңҽװ
ָ̬ĳ̽ɫׯҲκһ˵Լ֪һߴӶͳ˿ֽŵĽɫ䣬Ȼصĺܺãȴܴ۵ϸ΢Ĳпı
֮ڵ
ǵôϣȺʧˣһѪ֮󣬼ǵøҴ绰ģһǸй׵ġ
֪ԼҲײʲôҪ˵ʲôʱֱӴĻ˸ֱˡ
ҵһ£ұǰҵóϸ꣬ȴԼ滭ʲô̾һ˸Сá
Ȼ֪ﻳŵ˭֡
ԼҲûôɵٻܻţҪǰϣ˵Ѫء
ģֻо׼ιĻҵˣ֪Ҳôӡ
Ӹղźͳ̽ӴѲ³һڹעңһң֪ұˡǿ顱£֪˭ǿ顱ҡ
ǸˣпĲǹԳǣȻԳǲڿǿʱô졣
ǣǿΪʲôԳҲУ
ڻϮҵǼ£ǳ̽͹Գһźҵġ
ΪģùԳǸõĽӽҡ
Ҳû˵ҪǳԼӦԲˣ򿪽ͻ£
ʱҷƺʲôϸһȴˡ
գգա
գգա
Ų
ǽŲ
ұŲͷƤһ飬ƤȫðĻ˼ȥ£
͵ؽͽңͬǿȫ߬˻УţҪͷĹҽЩͷѪ
´򲻹Ҳӡ
˭룬ŲԼĪСʱ˵Ӱˣ˶û֡
Ҳ֪î˾ӴȥǲŴ򿪿㱻ŵĲᡣ
ѾҹûпʮֵһİӰվڿĽ·ĽŲ̧ͷң¹ӳϣȴǡý֧յһ
ǰӣѹʶ
Ҫû´Ļ챻̽ɱǸʬ
С͵֮⣬ڶԡ
ٺٺٺٺ١
ű˿ߴ߰㣬컹һӵȻЦˣЦɲҷ·Ѫڵذ
ણણડ


016 ԳĿ
һԵĴϻĺۼԿ϶ǹʬ塭
ǣҼǵῺúõֳˣΪʲôʬ廹Ҽ
һĹʬѾߵҵǰһŨصʬ˱ǶѬθǽһڡ
ⳡŵĲᣬǰߣˣֻһĹѾû·ֻ˲Ȼһ߶һҪ׼ʱŽϡ
ĶȴʮѾǽǣΪûף֪ŽûЧҲֻҽ֮ǰ͵سȥֱѿ
ֻﴫ˻˻˻ȼ˻ƵҰһá
ʱ͵سſڣȴڿҪŵ˲䣬һҵСֱҵǣһһӽӲԭأһعͷȴʬͽ˳
죬ҧСȡ

ʬ廹Щͣ
һҪѣһ͵תŵİ֣ȴŵİǱƵģҸ
죬Ҫ
תֵĹʬѾɿ죬͵ؿʼϮҵĶӣ
ԭĿĲңҶ̥
һֻŶӣһְö壬Ҫ׼ʱһ
ΧĿȴԽԽԽԽһԼ׹ѵĸоڴʱʬѾ׼ҵĲӣݺݵĽҵǽϣҵĺײţֻѣѡһжƵģ޷
ҲӵֱҲϢ
Ȼɿңݺݵİ˦ڵϣĿ׼һԵɨ㣬ЦϵΧص
۵һ𣬻ͺö嶼ʹ˻ţȴû˦ȥ
ֻ˲䣬ʬѾɨ㳯ҵĶ
ҵѪɫ˫ǱԼҧѪҪ۵Ĳʣ֪˻ΪѾǸˡ
̽ǧҪλ
ҲŪҲҪݺݰһƤ
ɨҪҶϵɲǣҺݺһҧþ˻һԹһȦ㿪ĹûҴϢĹֺݺݵɨ㳯Ҵ
˿̵ң̱˵ϣֻĿɨҵĶϣ졣
Һޣ
Լ׵ı֣Լ˿̵ΪȴҵˣҪ֪ҲǺǵģ
ɨ㼴ҶϵɲǣȻһ˿ɨ˲ڿﻯΪƬǾʬҲ˺Զ
һůĻ
Ǵ˿̣ȴ쳣Ķġ
ȻҲ̧㿴˹ԳŴĿ
ֻһŵ˾䡣
ۣ
Цһ˸ۣδκδ𸴡
ΧҰްŭǾʬӵվ·Լ͵ϮʮֲˬͼŤݱķǳݺݵĳҺ͹Գȴ̧ŵ˲䣬Գǿеһֱ֣˺ѡ
󣬹ԳǻرĵİҲʬϵѪͶ᲻˵ǶĲֹһȣ֮ǰǵĮӼֱˣ
ЩҪ˵ЩʲôʱҲָ˲͵شĻѿȴΪЩʧһûվȣ˵ذϣæҪңȴҺݺݵĴ򿪡
ݹ𣿡
Գǲ죬ҡ
˵ʲô
ȴǡǡЦ̡
ѵһУ㰲ŵ𣿳̽µ𣿡
䣬˲ȼŭ⣬üɢϢ˴̹ǡ
㻳ң
ݺһҧҴӵվŹԳαӵȷθ
㻹ǵ˵ҺúõţȢ𣿡
Գû˵ֻǿҵĿвơ
ҰѶĺӴˣȢҰɣ
䣬Գ۵ϸ΢Ĳֻ˲㱻ȥȴҲ׽һ
ô̵֣һҶĺӣһɱ˰ӰǣУΣ֮ҪҵĺøУĸԸ̥޸㣿
ԳƺҪװȥȴ˿ʾҲùԳ֪Ѿ¶װȥֻͽ͡
ֻԳϵ˲ȥӿڴͳһ˲Լ˫֣·ҵʲôĵĶƵģĿһۣ˵Ļȴִż
㻹ͦġ
ΧĿ˲ֽ˼֣ұĻȴֲòװһαװԼ
֪͹Գ˺ر󣬺пֱܻ£Ҳڶġ
кݺݵһԹԳ˵ĸ֣˴ˣ˴ˡ
ȴЦˣɫ˲˫һ˿ɱ⣬׶ݾ罣
Ѿɱģ
Գ˲תŵĲᣬʿˮ˫ֽŵһϵĽӲȥʮеԼȴ֪Ǳŵġ
Ȼ֪㵽ʲôˣҲһͨˣεºܹ㲿ôľң
濪⣬Ҫʱ䣬ȴȻɱЦһ
ղݹûҰ仰㡣
ʲô˼͵̧ͷɫɷס
ȴЦãҿãЦŵģȴҾЦݱ֮ǰɱˣ
ûһж㰡
ֻĵĿڣҵ°ͼ
̥ˣȢ㡣
Ҳֱ֪ͦ壬ݺݵĻһĿ
ҪҲأ
ҵ°͵ؼ°ۣϵЦȴˡ
Ұ㡣
ֻ˲䣬ءһǰĴűһ߿
һ洫˽
ң


017 
ԳǺҽһ㶣Գ㶵û뵽ʱȻ˸ҳ֡
㶵ǣ˾ȻǡյС壡
ֻҹɫµС壬·һǣīü羫ĵҰӲ͸ĵİ粨ҹգ¾Ļ
Ĵ羫׼̵ı񿴣͸ֿܵԸС
񸸵̶ǣӲǷȴɢһϢ
·ǵ֮֮ӡ
С峤˧ҵ֪һȴָоһζ
رС·δϹǼǰǼڣ˿ûһ˿ۼ
ǣҶ֪Сʵ䡭
һĹСѾӹԳǵ½
ԳǵϣȴһĨŪЦ⡣
·Сʶ
Сô׵Ĵ½Ҳŵ֡
þò
Գǵܺڶ磬ȴܸܵһɲơ
׻˵ĺãֲЦˣǹԳֻЦ滢ȴСǰһ˿öδ
С̧ۣ˫һ˿ɱ⡣
Ȣˣҵͬ𣿡
ԳȴûƵģϸĴС弸ۣꡱһЦϵĳЦΡ
ʱʹͬ𣿡
ֻ˲䣬ìͷָҵϣȴŪһͷˮ
ҵˣһֱǹԳ𣿹Сʲôˣ
С˲˰أǺһ˿¶ȡ
𣿡
һ仰ùԳǽϵЦȫ֮
վһԵңܸܵԳǱСһ仰ŭ𣬾ΪԳҪ쭵ʱȴһ˿ζ
Ƿҵģһֻء
Сû˵һɫڸԳǣֱתû£
Ҹ뿪ڣȴԳЦĸ仨Ƶģһ߳ߣһһ䡣
Ȣˡ
ĻŸ䣬ұ㱻ŵĻһֻоԼǱֻϻƵģƤȫð
ò˵ԳǵĳǸ֮Сһ仰ȵ˵ߣȴӲĽ£ڳһζ
ǣСǻʲô˼
ԳֺǼʲôϵһ𣿡Ȼܰ
ӿҵͷСɢǹɾǧ֮ϢЩʳڡ
ƺЩ£С彫ԼϵϢ٣Ͷ˸ɫ󿪿ڡ
֪ܶʣЩ㲻֪á
䣬תԼ䣬СҪߣҲ̲ס˾䡣
С壬ҲҶ𣿡
Сһ㶣·û뵽һֱʳڣޱĻͷһۣ۵֮ȴǧ̶ס
ݺݵһߵСǰ˫۾
ܸңҶ˭ĺ𣿡
Сû˵̧ųǰ˼ĵĴһ䡣
ڻʱ֪
ԣԺ֪Ķ
һһĨŨŨԳ
һֱڶģκ͹Գ̯ƣΣӵĸ׻ңȴ룬ֵ˾ȻС塣
ȴҲ֣Ǳ֯ŴԽԽˡ
˱ۣ̾Ϣһģǻġ
һҹΣ˯ʮ֡á
ڶһ磬СķȴѾˣڶң顣
ͱʰ룬߻ĴҲ֪ʲôʱ򱻰˻ȥһССµġ
˵ϵĺ߲ǽµģǴ̥Һú̥ҷģԳǻҶô
һַ˵ܶڲܸңҿȥҵַϵˡ
󻹺ҵǸ˵ңΪҺá
ǣһΪҺã㱻˻Ǯ
Ƶĸоĺܡ
ر֮ǰСڼҵʱ֪ҳȴǺ֪Ƶģ˵һͷҡ
ȴҲţͬС˵Ầҡ
üƽӿ飬СµյԼһ֮ȥСµǸַ
֮ȴַ֣ϵĽУСȡ԰ʽĽΧķҲȫһС󷿣ֱĸ
Сôʶˣҵģʲôˣ
еɻǰĴȴ˴ˡ
ŵһʮŮһͷ̷ʮָȴһرˮĴ۾ϵװȫ
´һ飬Ŀʵ
˭
һʣ˲Щ
ģ
Сֻ˸ַңȴûк˵˭
·Ǽû˵ŮĪĿһۣŹϣȴһס
ĸʶ𣿡
СһŮӵ˫˲͸һ˿⡣
ǲ
ҵ˵ͷŷ˽䱸æкҽȥ
̤Ժӵĵһ˾¡
ⲻеˣһоܸܳԺӵĲ򵥣סŵĵʲôˣ
ԺӺܴΧĿ˻ݣ˽էһۿЩңϸһȴ֣ᷢǵİڷŷǳйɡ
߽һ΢ҵգ֮ǰЩ΢粻ͬɷ紵һů⣬·á
һף߽һˮᣬ㣬ˮεǽһ
ΧȻһ¥̧ͷһۣһλߡ
ԼĪʮģŵۣշӲ˵ȥǴӵ߳Ĵʦ
֮ǰǳ̽ʦ޿յλһȣֱ˲һΡ
Ҫ˵֮ǰ޿յɷǣôǰλһȣǡһ


018 
һЦ⣬·һ۾֪ҵݣкɳ£һ˫·ʱɣۣȴδŲ֣һǽһڡ
Ҳ֪Сǲǹģ֮ǰû˵ҵ˵ݣҲû˵ŪڶЩ֪ôڡ
ʿˮҽܣ߱㿪˿ңʦģס
ұʵĳˣСûʦҲûסֻ˵ںܶ鲻ܸңҿȥҵַϵˡ
ԳЦ滢ı£Ҳѧ˸Ƥëȴʮ򶨵Ĺߡ
СһûҰʦûסǰʦûסã
˭ϣȴҡҡͷ˵ʦסãٲȻһҪ˵ư˸һ亹
ٴ̧ͷȴЦˣĵ
סȽʺ㡣
֮ǰСΪıһУǺһڼᱻԳǼ鷳Բ
˼䣬߱ǰλŮһؼʰ֮ص¥ϡ
һߣŮӲų嵽ҵߣЦĸ仨Ƶģһߺ˵ʦˣڲǰϲװģһߺҴ̽С˽
ֻҶС˽Ҳ֪٣ûʲôܺŮ˵ģݲ¡
Ϊ徻ӣʦкδҲ֪ȴԿͷԲС
ŮΪ壬˵Ǹ¶ųû㱻徻ѩ񵽣ͽܳһá
֪ǲΪСܸҵˣôǱȳ̽޿յףӦǲẦҡ
ദˣȴЩ֣֣Щ˵
ֱסһڣҲûϹ£ƨɶҪ룬˵ȥϿεʱ򣬲ŻȻ
Ǳˡ
ѹСôĵİһΪ˱ңһΪ˱Ҷ̥ɣ
ɵ˰أСǵж಻ң͵͵̥
ʲôӲȥƤӶҪ˵ˣ徻ӵĶȴ޶ԡ
ҲֻЩĲ̣һʱ벻ĵİֻңҪĿԸ绰
컹ãΧդûˡ
һϣԺķ˹ײģǽʮӣҶҴӶ¥ȥ߹Ƭײĵء
ҲЭʱ͵˻һ˿Ծң
Ǿ룡
ͷæͳֻ뷢һţ𣬿ǾþȴûõκλӦ
Ҳԣ˼Һֲ죬ҼֲԺ󶼵þҡ
ʧ˿ֱϣҲŷ֣һһʺš
æز˹ȥżֺ¡
Ǻ¾벻ңǺԼĻᱻﵽӳѾö֪ˡ
㡭ܲܰҸæ
û̻ӦǳĬ˼ſڡ
˵
˲ȼϣüƽ˵Լˡ
˭ϣҵĻû˵꣬뾹Ȼ˾䡣
ģ
ƺм֡ţ
Ҹհѵַ꣬ȴֱ˵绰һʱЩͷڻزʱѾʾֻػˡ
ոȼϣ˲䱻Ϩ룬ɵϹһԳ
ԴӷԼûС绰ʾͷÿÿԼѹ˻ȥ
ʱǧǧȥҲϵϵҡ
СֱӰ͵˱
ôҶһʱըһ
иȼ˼⣬ֱӽöҸ򿪣浽ʲô򿪽һ᲻ķµıʡ
ҹɫܾȴûǸȥͣر벻ͨһôɷǵĵʿﾹȻײġ
ԳЦЦҪȥϣȴ͵̨ϴɧ
ұŵĻһòĹײըʬ˰ɡ
ͷ㿴һӰӴ̨Ʈŵɫһףת¥ȥ壬ȴתɲǿ˾Ŵżŭӡ
롭
Ȼˣ
֮ǰϣͱϨ룬񿴵ĳ֣ԼҲ֪ʲô飬ֱӱɵԭس졣
ȴüͷһ³֡
汿
ǰһѽӵ˻УһûӦɲ˴ӡ
Уŵһī㣬ζᣬܵܺţ񡭡Ǿϴģ
̧ͷȴֻܿ°͡
ɫµľ볤һ˫üǰĴ
̵ĻȻɣ޷ҳκȱݣиɻ
ֲᣬֲԴֲڣһȥɫӦ¾һžĻеľɫȴֻһǵĵ׺
·ǲڿͷһۣ̫ЩĴҵĶ
𣿡
Ĵ΢ȴм΢嵭ҵĶȴŵľĵŷԼһֱڶ
ʿˮЩԴû˵
ȴ͵ɿңԭ뿪ǰĵˡ
ʮһµЩ䣬һһûվȣЩˤ˵ذϡ
״ǰһһѣȴ͵ˤĻС
һī˱ǣȴĪЩ̧ȥ
һ룬ұ㱻˿дһ䡣
Ů鷳
볯ǰ˼ͷһۡ
ɵվŴ𣿡
û˵ȴּ˾䡣
״ɵӡ

ұ仰ɫһ죬ȴֲò
ΧĽİߵȴȱݻ徻סĵطֻò
һڶɲǣȴ͵ײһǽ̧ͷһǡÿˡ
ڸ˼Ȼͣġ
Ҹտڣ˵ͷ˵ˡ
û쭣˿˭֪˳ȥһ룬ȴ˵˾䡣
ȵȡ
ؿڵǿ˲
ʲô
ͷ΢΢һЦ
Ǻһû壿


019 
ҵһμЦӣҹɫĳ´ݰףˡ
ЦȴΪˣɵãʿˮ
ʲʲôˣ
üëϺȻֳһζһֻžડһұƵײǽϡ
ȴһֻ֣ҵձߣͷһ䣬ҵĶ
𣿡
һ仰˲佫ΧĿ˲٣쬵ĴҵϣҴĻļƤȫ
ŵҡҡͷȴȻ֣ҵսҵ̧ǿҺӡ
˫һ䣬֣˵ϢҵϣҵĴĿڡ
㲻ͦһһţ
⻰ŵĻһϴαǽʱΪŷȥԷһ˵ĸ˾롭
֮źţžȻԶ˳ȥ
ôãѾľȻǵá
·Ǽұŵɫ԰ף۵׵ζŨˣָỮҵۣǣͣҵĲ䡣
Ĵŵһ˸Ͳ԰׵ɫȫǲҰˡ
Цŵģ˫ȴİǿգޱ޼ʣףֻһۣ˲ڶӣ·ǼӱĿ⣬յֺݺһҵ˻ȥ
˵Ҿ㣬㻹𱨣ô㣿
ʿˮֻĶˡ
֪ڡ
ȴ֣ڣر͡ࡣ
ҡҡͷô㣬ȴװģ룬ҡ
ô㶼ԣ𣿡
дһ޵ϷʣҲɵͷƤһܾȴִ۵׿һ˿棬ŵʶĵ˵ͷ
ȴȻſң´һ飬ŵ˫ֱء

䣬ȴӾ۵׿һĨ
ɡ
Ȼˡ
ô˵
ҲɲǼ䣬ߴ˾
ǷţҪ
ʼԼǲǴһӽһˡ
ŵĽ˾ǶӣתһȦ־ķӲĿ£ǳտտ˾֮⡭һˡ
ʶģϴǸСƨһ䡣
أ
˭ϣҵĻ䣬ſ˰أҧгݵ˵˾䡣
ĳôĶ𣿡
˵ֱСƨһޣɢϢȴȫһ
ɵżֵ٩˾䡣
òϲû׷ԼǺ˰ɣ
Ÿ䣬һ͵ɨ˹ŵ˲졣
붪˴Ӹңڶ¥䣬¥һվԭش硣
ļװʮִҲʮŷʽÿ䶼Լɫ˸¥ݿڽľס˽ȥ
һϣڴϷȥЩ˯ţֻȴѾʮˣҴӳôã˵δӵ绰ˣһţûյ
ѵԼӳû˷
ػһ֮ȴ͵壬ʱҪһֱңҹܱصɱɵãҸ巢˸ţ˵Լӳˣ꣬С巢ȴӲסˣֱֻӹ˻
ҰС壬ȴΣ
Լˣʲô
ǵң
ԺУ͵ظ˹ԳǶҵǾ䡣
ûһи㰡
ԣСǧȥ᲻ʲô飿
ûвҵ£
ҵĲУֱڴһҹڶͦŸè𴲣ȴ־ڿ緹ԵĻرʽ
·¥ĽŲ̧ͷһֱۣӰӵĳס
ţ˵Ӱˡ
ھס˺ü죬סһ
֮ǰ徻סǱɣȥ
ھûбɣҳȥ
ȥҪǱصСô죿
ֻߣǱԳǣ̽ץԼǻĺѿ
ԽסţҾԽ̶˵ǾǧȥԽȥ
̿϶ʲôңȻܻ᲻һȥġ
һͷð䱻ǣűߣԼȷһЩ˿ҲܸԼԤ롣
ҪΥ̵˼ȥ᲻µͻƿڣ
ͷŸð𣬱㱻Լݺݵ¡
Щֻػһֱھļҳʲô֪οԼ޸֮˵Ƕˣ˶򲻹ȥȥ
ʱû˵ľ룬Ȼߵҵǰҡ
ʹһֱҼסȥ
Ҫ
ұŵĵ˵ͷҡҡͷȴʱͷҡ
һɵīƮұǼ⡣
ܺš
ĺܺš
һֱû˵Ϊʲôᱻ
Ļ䣬ҵɫ˲˲ֹһɫϵ
ܸоҺ͹ԳǵĶԹЩ̫ãʿˮ˵
ÿĵ׶һܣҿԲ˵𣿡
û̻شңΪᷢ쭵ʱȴЦˣüë
ԡ
ô˵ĵϲûȥȴֵ
ҼҲǰסġ
ҡ
һִȻֻоԼ;һܱ
˵˵ţ׵ڸһŸǿӣͿ
£Ĳ˵ڣݺݵһ˫ᶨ档
ԣҲ˵Ҫ𣿡
һȴ˿ûΪңֻ˾䡣
Ĳ˵𣿡
šҵͷ
ȴٵ
ã˵Ժ˵Ҳ˵Ҳˡ
˵⻰Цǽһãҷַž£⸹ڵڵ׳ʲô
ɫڣȴûƵҡ
ô죿


020 
񿴵ЩĻţһʱЩ֪ò˵ʿˮ·ľſڣԼҪؼ͵͵ȥ̵˵
һֱǰһģֱ˵֣ɫſʼЩɶһ䡣
壿
ҵ˵ͷ˵԰ôˣȴҡҡͷ˵ûʲôЩϤҼ˵ȥ
˵Щ뵹ǲ˵ˡ
˺һᣬſڵ
ȥҿ㡣
˶٣ּ˾䡣
Ҫںᡣ
һ˲ȼϣ
Ҫ˵֮ǰԼȥȥڲһˣھԸһȥ
ȻûչֳеʵɾͰֻйŪ߳ǽͿ֪Բ
ʵԶԳǡ
Ҹ뿪ڵлɲǣűһ˿Һ;˳˹ȥ
Ϊ˻ʲôȴһĺͯʮŵվſڡ
ȥҲСү
Ļ䣬ұоΧĿ˲ӲŲ̧ͷȴˣҧгݵıĳ֡
̡
̾ǿƵģһŽ˻ȥҵԣ
ս㡣
ҵ˲ıȾ뻹Ҫڡ
֮Ҳ̵֪ĸĸһȥɽˮſڣȻʧ
ԻþǰѧôӣʵϾùܡ
κγ̵ĸ׺;ĹϵõУҲֻȥˡ
λһСɽͨʮֲ㣬Ҫ𳵵һԵϣҪתʿԵʱѾɫȫ
һ·ҵһֱڰУٳٲ¡
ֻѾػ˺Щ죬֮ǰûС˵Ҳûϵ治֪һ̿ңηӦ
ҹҪ㵽ңһֱڳ·ߵȫ᫵С·впܴȥʮ֡ġһҵ죬һֵͲ
һǰ棬ҿĶЩĵʾ롣
㲻ȥô죿
ȴɫĻ˸֣ˡ
˺óһᣬڵ˼ſڰһǰȥţȴһѺݺס
ûйŹ֣
⻰˵ģɫһףĴ˿ʵ
ʲôŹ֣
ɫһû˵ѸٵĽ˰ҲҪڵ˲䣬һסҵ죬һꡱı顣
ĿתĿ˴ſڣ˳žĿ⿴˹ȥȴŴһɧšѵһű˴˿һϤĲϤӴ̽
ֻһͷĶ̷һһ˪һ˫۾ѾȥҲѾѹ⣬һ˫ֲڵһƵѪܣǱ˪ϿƣǼʮǧࡣ
̣˫һȣۿں֮ʮּľҪƿȥȴݺݵסұ嶯ϸ
һ仰ҴѲ٣ʱҲŷ̵֣ľٶʮֹŹ֡
ǴԼҳٶһʮСݽȥ˫ۻʱʱҿ˷Ƶġ
ϵĶҲʮηηţ͵ġ
ȷûˣ˴Ӵһյ͵ƣ˵ﻹʱʱ͵ԶĽʮ̶ִ
ԼĪʮΧȻһ磬̵ɫһ䣬˲ʮֽӲĿ͵Ŀǰ͵Ҳͷ
Ψһǣɲͣ״졭
ұ̵ľٶŵĲᣬ̧ͷ˾ɫҲʮԶҺ;ųĸ̵
ǲУʮڵĳ̣˿Ҳĳ氲ĿתĶǹľٶ
ʮһµ͵ѾʮֵϺڼΧǲϹĿ磬ߵÿһЩɺ
ŵ̲ûиܵЩԽǰȥԽ˷ҲԭȵĶΪˡ
ųţ̺Ȼ俪ʼ㵸ڼʲô
յͷ͵ƣûΪĶյĸˡ
Ķ˺ܾãõ˴ӵĵؽ磬Żͣ
һιصɳ۶ˡ
ȴΪ͵ͣ½ŲһӲĳǰȥ

ʱʱĹЦ
̵ľٶԽ죬ĵĻžԽңɫŵķײ˵ëֹס
ǰߣѾǻ̵ɽС뿪ںͣ£ȴһֹסұţȿ
Ҷ˵ͷٰĿͶ̵ʱȴоƺʲôҵ߹ι˲ҵļ򣬵תȥȴʲôûУÿʱΧĿֻ쳣䡣
䣬ֱ䵽˹
߹Сǰ߱ȫΪɻġ¥
ⶰ¥֪ĩǻᣬﻹв¥ϷĲʵƯĺܣľǻᣬ˲٣ΪЩ¥ľͷǷӣֻ˶ļģⶰ¥
¥ܶ࣬ȴֻⶰ֮Ϊ¥˵Ϊⶰ¥λڴһҲ˵ⶰ¥֮Եȫ¥һƤӷء
˵Ҳ֣¥һǴڵġһû£ĶܣɲΪֹ֮ͨ飬ΪǶ˵¥ͻƤӷؽһ飬ˮãرÿνȫڷŪⶰ¥ĵء
Ҽһⶰ¥Ҳûзʲôֵ飬ֻˣɶⶰ¥֮
Ǵ˿̵ѾҪߵ¥ǰ
˵Ҳ֣ⶰ¥ķͳΪ˴Ľ˸ǰȻ߸߹յ׵
һĴҡΣӰһǳĿ¡
ΪҪ߽¥ʱȴߵ¥ĺ󷽣һҪȥĵطЩҸˡ


021 ¥˵
ΪǱ¥ĻƤӷء
ƤӷصҵʱھӸ˵ģˣϻǱ˯ġ
ĩǻᣬĹ¥ŷǷǳģʱ¥ڴǮԼԼĴϱ˼ҵ⣬ҲмʮĶĵأżѾߡ
ʱ¥ͷûлƤӷأԭǸط¥ĺԺһƬֶͦһɻ߱¥רѷŲ֮
һ꣬ԼҹµĴѶѲĵطڳҪǸⷿʹ򷢼ȥŲطǰŰţȴôֻƤӴӲԼҹƼ֮һʱķ
ҵ˻Ƥ֮󣬾óЩݣţ͸ɲݵ̣ѬЩƤӡ
һƤӱ˵ﶼеͻ̫ԼҹµԱߴţҲֻӲͷƤѲݶڶڣѬȽƤӶ
ôѬ˽㣬Ųճɻҽİݶѣֽſʼ
ϵĲ٣Ҳ󣬼еɵֻۡ¶ĴƤмʮֻСƤӣЩŸոճëһȫѬˣûһŵġ
ԼҹҲе⣬ó̰ƤѬܾˣҲûŪǣ˭֪ȫѬأ
ѬҲѬˣҲˣͷԸƤӶڳȶһߣŸǵĻ
ԼŴЩѬ˵СƤӣĥ˵ôôҲһСӣģ
ֱںԺһӣǸ˽ȥԺƤʬĵطĹ𣬳˸СѣҲ֪ȻγɵĻ˸ѵСһһ󣬵ִѾһ˶ߡ
˰˵ͷǰ˵ƤӸ˵ƤϷʱѵҲе˵ǼΪӵ˵һȴҲû׼˭Ҳÿûȥǵſôİɣ
ԼҹµļҲĿʼð
տʼ¥ǰԺͿʼıҹӽһЩѼҧ֧ļѼʬ顢ëӵԺӶǡѪѼѪģõӡѪһƬƵĶǳ¥¡¥ϣȳһƬ
˵Ƥӱһ˵ԼҹµľƫƫаԺ˩Ŵӳļǹι뱥һڣҲιͰѹſһŲóš
˵⹷ܿұаһ㲻٣οǼ۶̵Ĵǹءտʼļ죬һϣ⼸ǹԺӵĿ׷ʲôһмֻǹҧƤӡ
ԼҹµҲʮŭ£ЩƤӸƶǰƤȫһι
⼸ֻǹҲƺζˣҧֻƤӡ
һȥûĹ򣬼ȷʵͣˣЩƤӶҧĲˣʣµĴҲˣһˡ
ֹһԼҹµһҲˣͰ⼸˩˲ף˩Ժӵļ䡣
û룬ԭΪѾҧûˣ˵Ƥֻˣ
Ҳ֪ЩѧģʳҩļѼʬӽԺ
ͷϣǹʳԹ˸ȥЩӲļѼ
ˣԼҹµһΪЩƤҪڣȴǹˣŵİѼ£ûҽԺҲûϣԸǴɨɾӵ¡
ɵڶ죬ЩƤӣȻû𣬰ЩļѼʬİ죬ӽԺӡ´ǹ̲סǰջˣҲûʲôʶ¾͸˺ҧ˶Ƕ
ǽ֪ǹһ۶ûȫˣ
УԼҹµĶò̾ﶫĳɾˣѧ¶ˣ
û˶ֵƤǣֿʼԺӼѪѼģЩõèԺӣ˱ǣ
ܵھҲǸˣƤӱ͵ѼĶϰҲиִ磬һֻǶƤдˣµãأЩѼڣһֻû£ڣëѼëɨĸɸɾ
»ƤӷŭҲȥ˵뵽һλˣڻƤӷ˳£ֻͣƤӷȴ
ֱҳǰЩ꣬ĻƤֿʼڣһԶԶܿƤӷһŵ۾
˵ʱֵ̱ԼǻĻҪ󣬿ȴһְƽˣǺǻƤʲôףھӰû˵ҵʱ˺ҲûҶʡ
˿̵̣Ѿվ˻Ƥӷصǰͷϵյ͵Ҳ֪ʲôʱõǰ͵ϵĵƻڷҡҷ̵ӳĵʮ
ϵģվ̵Īĸо¶ٴν˼֣ΧԼԼ˿
ϸһָоԼ
̽͵Ʒ˻ƤӷصϷ˷Ƶģƴĳ°رڿ޺ʲô
Ҽ״Ҳ̲סֱӳȥҪ̣Ÿո̤һֻţ㱻ݺݵ˻˰
һԵĳ̶ҷ˸ۣ˵̫ˡ
ҵ̣
СҴ̣Ȼ֮ܲɣ
ҪС⣬ȴǺȻٿǽԭյ͵𣬳Һ;룬صĵط˹
ұŵĲᣬͳȴΪԼֵɲǣȴԽǵԣ׺ݵģ߽Ƕʮֹģ¥
Сʱ¥Ĵ˵˲٣ôаŵĵط̽ȥ
Ҳ֪ҳžһע⣬͵ƿҵӣ嵽̵ǰҪ
̵ĲҲΪҵĵͣ¡


022 ʬ
ֻͣ˼룬ĿͣȻǿƵģֱԽң
һʲôʱ򣬾ѾסңҲ߽˴¥
ɫʮѿҵ
ȿʲô嶯ҡ
˵Ҳ֣еǾ֮ҾȻ漣侲Ծ˵ͷСĸ̵
߽¥ұܵʮֹĸо֮Ҳָ֪оΪΧ
ѾһΣҾڶΣں涼ûпֵͲΧĹƾеյ͵ơ
תۣѾ˶¥ʶĿһ۾룬ȴûжı飬һ˶¥
˶¥
֪ǲΪԶټû˾סܸоԼµľʱȥƵġ
ÿһܰš֨֨ľͷ졣
ΧҵĽŲһ
¥ܴܹ㣬¥㶼˸飬ȴ벻ͨôľٶ¥Ϊʲô
Ҳ˲䣬¥ºȻһɧϸһԺﲻ֪ðһ˫˫͵۾ʮˡ
ҪûǴĻӦǻƤӡ
ԴӻƤӷص󣬴ҲûֹôۼĻƤˡ
ٻ۵ɲǣȴѾȥȥȴһסҡҡͷ
ȥģ̡
ҵԴ벻ȥ˵϶Σգôһ棿
ʱһֱƨɺĳȴһƨ¥żϣʮա
ɶѽϷ
ҿһ۳̣Ŀת룬ȴ۵׿һĨᶨ

̾ϢһҲû˵ϸĶĶ
˵Ҳ֣һ֣ĻƤȫԶ˵ƾճһȦǰΧ
ֵ˲䣬Ƥ˾ƵģԶųһȦȫ߾ٹͷգһǹʲô
յ͵ƣʮʱʱڶ߷ǳ̶
һᣬ̵˫˲˿ɿ۾˲䣬Ѿûͫףһ˫۰ӳʮˡ
̽͵ƷȦӵ룬˺˺üΧĻƤһȫ˫ָ߾ͷʼͷݡ
͵µĵȻζ·ʲôҪƼ
ȻúԶȴܹϡĸоζƵԽ죬̺͵µĻƤӾԽ˷ܡ
ûãζȻͣȴʼݵ
һᣬһѪɫĹײģӵص¶˳
ײĲ¶ײİӣµĻƤȫƵķ˻𣬾̵ľٶҲһޡ
£ڷ֣ǹľٶʲôˡ
Ƥӡ
һֲͷļð̡òǱƤӸ˰ɣ
һһιݣѪɫײĵĹײİӾȻ
˲䣬ңվһԵľ붼ɴ˫ۣ۵Ųš
ײʬ岻ú;һģһɢǹµϢһޡ
ΨһͬǣǱۣɫ׵ķʬ塣
վһԵľ˵ᶯһ㲻ˡ
Ҫʾ룬⵽ôµʱȴ˼֡
񡭡ҵʬ塣
ǾʬΪʲôҿӣԼ֪ʬȥ
ֻ˲䣬һɧǰðѪɫײľȻԼȥЩ͵۾ʱȫǡ
̡
һûŪ⵽ô£뾹ȻֱһԾ¥ֱѪɫײݵĵط
ŵľһȴסֳ汼
ս㣬ߡ
˶ɵˣҪɿ̵ȴ֣һĺͯȻҵĻҪ
̻أ
ҷŭȴһ¥ݵ̧ͷһ㿴һ͵۾˻죬ұŵĲᣬȴ̵
ֻ˲䣬ҾȻ¥ݣˤۣЩҪϮҵĻƤӶǰ
ս㣬ߡ
ұ仰ŪЩ˼ұģôˡ
һĺӣֳ澹Ȼ£
ҵӻûתȴѾӿڴͳһŻƷµŴЩƤӵϡ
һԾ£ʮݣһڵϵҾͳ¥汼ȥ
ҺҪ̤¥ɲǣһͷһۣȴ־ںҵ̶Գ֣ҵһ˲䱻ŵĲᣬҪȥȴһֱ˳ȥ
ҺͳǰŸ뿪¥¥ĺűԶһֻֻ׷ĻƤȫź
֮󣬳ɿңһҵȴҵĲС
̺;Գ֣⵽ʲô
Ҳϵû¥ĴţֵһССľôãô߲򲻿˿ûκζ
ģ̺;붼ˡ
̿ڣʮϳɣһ㲻С
Ļ͵ػͷһ䡣
ģ
ȴҡҡͷǹһĨЦ⣬ֱ;Ǹһģһ
ٵġ
Сƨ˸ЦЩˬһۣȴǰƵһҵ֡
ߣһҵǵġ
ѾˣҪû´ĻѾĵҪˣоӦǲµģɵ̾һͷʳ̡
Ϊʲôʬ
ʳڣұ뵽Ҳʡ
Ҫ֪ʬֵʱҲǲĲУ벻ʬ
ȴһĿһۣ˵
⣬Ӧֻ̺С֪ˣЪʧ䡣


023 
⻰ɫһû˵ʲôɿԼȥ
ҵʱѾɵˣҰѷʰһҪڷȾ̻ȴһֱȥ˯ˣ¾κΣա
Ҽ״̾һ˴˵ϣҲ˲٣Ҳֲס˯ˡ
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һţֱߵ˴ǰ˯ĳ̱𣬲һûң·͵Ǹ͸ˡ
ھҪ̤ŵ˲䣬Ҵӵϱ嵽ǰһѡ
ȥҪȥģ
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ĮģϢ
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ֱıӰʧҵǰҵҲֹס۽ǻ䡣
;ʶãȴҸܵһ˿Ϥ
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ƤӷֵǴΣְ̳ƽģ
·Ǵп˻ɵĿ⣬ҲƣֻǾңһʲôʵġ
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ײǾʬ壬̲ҽ𣿡
û̴𸴣ǽ´һ飬ҡ
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Сһȫ𣿡
˵仰ʱ򣬻вԼû֣ȴǿһۣ̾Ϣһ·Э
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ҵ˵ͷ˵ǵá
˵ȥ
ƤⶫǺѵûڵġ
Сʱ򣬻Ƥӷ֮ԻڣΪǾѪɫײġ
ѪɫײķɷסһԵĻƤӸ޷棬ɻƤⶫʮ־ԣǼߣ֪Լƽ߹ײģ޷̸У뷽跨ֽ˴̡
ʱҪһѻƤӻǷǳףͷֻƤȴ̸˽ס
˵ֻҪ̰ƽ߹ײģѻƤӽ󲻵ڣǷһ飬ֻҪõϵһ죬һæ
ǲŵģϾƤⶫƻ
ͷֻƤӣȴʮг⣬ҪѪģŴӦϾҲԼ˽ġ
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ΪҲ˲СĴۡ
ԲϻƤ̵ôƤӳ֣Ѫɫײġ
ѪɫײģΪ˱ġ
Ϊ顣
˵̻ͣһ£Ŀһۣ̾һ
ģ顣
һŵĲᣬɴ˫̡
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ȴû˵ȥǽĿתԺѾٽľɫ
Ҹ뿪˵ʲôԺȻֳһ档
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Ϸģọ̀Сɣ
ɵãҽĿת̵ϣð˼Ƥ̡
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ȴҡҡͷ˵ûУʬûбóĻȴ֣Ӳˡ
кȻð⣬ԼܶԲ롣
Ҳ֪˭һֱþңǾ벻ûкңһֱڱңÿһΣգܳ֡
ҵˣȴ
һɶģҵļð͵վҪȥҾ룬ȴĨ
ݺݵȭϣ̡
ԣǿҵǳϷС尲ŵ𣿡
û϶Ҳûϣֻҡ
һٴվ˫ֳϣ̡
Ϊʲô
û˵ֻ˫һ˿ݣ֮ǰǸңرΪ̣ȫˡ
һҵĺðֻо̻кܶҡ
ãƤӷȫһְŵĺϷ
ΪģЩƤǷһ飬ЩƤѪɫײġ
ëȫֻԼ̫£ֻһͷǾӡ
ӵԽԶԽãȻԼпܣʣ
ڴʱ̺Ȼվӣҵգ۵һ˿ۡ
һСߣԼˣΣա
Һһ˦̵֣ɿűʴףӲסˡ
һ˱ۣԼȫѹ£̡
ף𣿡


024 
ȴû˵ת˳
ǼݶҲ
վԭؿıӰ̾һڵĲӣΪҸ֪ȥҡ
ص䣬ȴ͵һˣ
ţδ
ͷոұæͳֻ˻ҪŴ绰
ֻſͿ˺þã֮ĳš
δӵ绰ԣҲ壬ΰ̽ҷϢȴСġ
徻ӳС岻֪ܲǿⲻϵңҵܶƵķΧ֮ڣ
Ѷſһ飬ҷϢΰһֱڷϢûнûв鵽̽֩˿
ʱҲ͵͹Գ̯֮ǰӦ飬ڵҶѱйȥЩ
Ҷ͹Գ̯ˣ̽ҷϢ֪һһֱҽϵһҷġ
ҷĶŵǸܰȫͬܵĻҾȲѡ
Щһɾ֮ҸŴ˸绰ȴ˽
ָֻĻ˾ĺ룬˺ܾãǸ˹ȥȴѾػ
ûؼһĽֻٴι˻ԼĴϡ
ŴϤůҺйУȴٲҪζ
Ҳ֪˶ã⴫һŲ̵ģң󿪿ڡ
ȥԷɡ
̵ۣ˵ͷѾûԹޡ
Թޣߵġ
Ҳ뱻ƣֻԼϱǿԼΪԺǲĵˡ
ȻңվֻΪӡ
ٷԵĺƽϤζͺСϴδҵǶٷһ
̼ûңȴǧΪ˸ٷҲǺҵİɣ
·С׼˵㣬ٷһ̵֣꣬˵ͷҸߡ
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徻ӿȥôɵôҲôаŵĶ
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׷һĸߴһ߿ҵķţΣȴ¹⿴
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ֻʬ԰׵һһĨʮֹЦݣŵĸУȴ͵شҴϵȥ
ȥ˲䣬Ҳ˺Ժµ
ԭŨصͲ֪˴ɢһ߾߹ײĵİͱƷɣʬеĻԺе֧ɢںԺ
һɹɶ·͸ӣֱҵıǼ⡣
ҽŵİ廹Ǹң·˿ֻԸȫС
һŻɻҶϳĿǰ·ǲҵߣ̧ͷһЦ
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ڷż̽ɱʬ塭
Ժﲻʬըʬӣȴڿ˲䱻Ʒɣײһǡ
ǡ
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025 ҪȢ㰡
һգ۵ĹԺĿȫǡ
ұԳǵĿⶢĺܺ£ȴҲ֪ǳģ
Ȼһ룬ԳŮʬס棬һһԾҵλá
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Ҳţȴ͵ؿ徻ӺӰ彫һС˾䡣
û˰ɣ
ҡҡͷ˵ûС
ԳǵǴгǸЦ⣬徻˵
þò
徻һȻȴ˴пǳţ
һ룬ԳǱĵָָңʵ
ˣҿԴ𣿡
徻ҡҡͷ˵ܡ
䣬ȴԳǡꡱһЦǽһ
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徻û˵ֻζĿŹԳǣ˸֪ʲô
Ȼ֪徻ӺǸԵĸˡ
ǻǿԿ徻ʮּɵԳǡ
˵ͬҰ˴𣿡
Գһ˵ţһѾҵķŵԽȥһ֣һö塣
Ҳ֪ôģöʱ̾Ȼö̧۵İ徹ȻܸҰȫС
ڹԳǿҪߵǰ˲䣬徻͵ؽ߶׼Գǣһ˫·𿴾ʱɣ
ԩԩ౨ʱˣ
Գûֻͣ˽ŲͣЦ
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ԣҪ𣿡
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οǶѾˡ
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֮ĺܾãҲ֪Ϊʲôʱ徻ӵķӦô
ΪĹԳǣΪǼϡ
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ֻ˲䣬ԳǶˣ·ҪֱӽҴ徻ӵϴߣȴ徻ӺݺݵĵһС
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ң
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𣿡
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ƽʱ䲻˵ͷȻʱͦ
ǹԳǸղ˵ǻһ㲻ǿЦġ
ûκιǣֻҪңߡ
ӲУ·ھᣬҪߣȴֲ붪ʦһ
ֻݺһۣҵ֣תȥ
ԳǼˣûнţϵЦŨˡ
徻Ӹտ˲䣬ͱݺݵס˲䣬ҵĶߡ
ͬĻֻ˵һ顣
Ѿɱ⡣
·ҵ档
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͵ͣ½ŲͷԳǡ
ǣҸߡ
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ƽʱ߰ɷǡͷ˿̱ǱʮھΡ
ȻһֱСңȴôؼʱͦ飬Ҽˣ
ߣĻô£
һ仰ĹϵƲĸɸɾӿڴͳһֲĸɸɾ
Ѿҵһμˣôˣҵǵһμ
֣Գ̧ϸֶҹ˹

ӲͷƤһĳŹԳȥ
ΧɢŨĲϢ
ҲߵԳǵǰȴЦ绨ҵķһǳǾҵĶͷϡ
˵Ȣġ
һ仰ͬŵĻӲ
ȻԳ˵üҪȢҡ
ǿ顱ҵӶµĳŵȻĿ
ڼ֮جΣ͹Գǵҵл
ҺȻһֲԤС
Գ֣ΪҪӵ뻳еɲǣȴҵĶߣ
Ҳϲ㿴ɱ˵ӣԺңǵùֵֹġ
ϣҲҵķӦԳһѽӵ뻳С
һһҪƿͷӲ˰ա
İϢҵıǼȻһᡣ
ûϵī㡣
ȴȻԳЦˡ
Сƾ룬ͺңôܻʱ־ң
ҺݺݵҡͷұԳߣɵ徻ӣҲϵĶҡͷ
Ҳ֪ԳǺҵʲôԨԴɾɵӶ
ҪıԳȥµʣ¡
ڹԳҪߵɲǣأأء
ͬʱӰӴ⡰ɡ˽
ϸһȴ֣Ǳ˴Ӵġ
ʬ壬ǱˣǸոջںԺţԳǴŮʬ
һԴ٩ȴζʮӴ⴫˽
Ӵ첻ôܹҰ˰
ȵڴǰƤЦⲻЦĿڣһ˫·˱Ķ˹ԳǱҵֻ֡


026 
ˣҲ˼ĵɴ˫ۣٲȻѾɵ
Сң̻֣ȴ룬뾹Ȼˣ
ңôؼʱ̣
˿̵֮ǰǸȫˣҪжูڣжูڡ
ԳȻҲ벻ʱ·Ȼɱҧ
ңʬ廹ɷʬ
ǣԳǵӣǵһμ룬ʮϤ
Ȼһ룬Գǵͫ׽˼Ŀڡ
㣡
ȴİһһ۹ԳǣҲϻһѽҴĻ
һ롣
˫ɱ̧Գǡ
ղűģֻ֣
Գһ˿мһ˫ͬһ̶ˮס
ô죬ֶֻˡ
ȻЦˡ
Цʮ׺ͣһ۱ڽЦݣ³Ļȴ˾ĵ
Ǳ㣬һˡ
ֻ˲䣬ϺȻӿֳһ͹Գɢǹײһ𣬿˲䱻Ťתһȣá
ɫھϣ·Ϊһ⣬
һƮɢΧ˸޷ӡ
·䣬Աǧ
Ц̴ů
¡
˲ϢƱ任
ֻϢĽȴӿ
˸ŵؼɽѵ
Ὣͷת⣬ȴĩհֲ
˵ϢãֶԾֻһ˲֮䡣
Ȼ붯ˣһѽ§˻У§ڻе˲䣬ŵһī㣬ܺ㣬ܺš
ֻһζȴҵģ׶
̧ۿԳǡ
ո˵Ȣ
䣬ԭŤĿ˲ɢԳ͵غ˼һʺѪ
ǵѪԵùԳЦʮΣа
ֻῪڣ롣
ҲҪȢһҪ̥
һ룬ΧȻ˴̹ǵĺ磬ɫҲʮ
ȷ㲻
뿪ڵ˲䣬еȻһգ·ֻΪһ˵ĵ׺
Գ̧ۿ˿죬ЦĸӲˣ͵ؽŤתھϡ
㣬ҺΣ
ԳǷӣɫӦΪˡ
Уһɰ˫£һĻ
ǽɫȴȻתһЦ⡣
ɱ㡣
ΪҪʱ򣬾ȴһ䣬дŨŨĳŪͲм
Ҳϲ֮Σ
֮Σʲô˼
һû仰ӦȴһϤӰ
ǳ̽ġ
ֻվڴ̨ҵг˼Ǻ޺Ͷ񶾣͵س嵽ԳǵߣҲ֪˵ʲôԳĿһ۳̧̽ͷת롣
ɱҵ˵ɣ֮ǰԿ˭ȵõġ
е
ָҡ
Գǰҵ;ĶעҺȻֱĸо
ֻ벢ûдӦע
һ룬Գȴͳֱ̽ʧ˴ҵߵС
̽׺͹Գ˵ʲôȻˣ
Գߺ󣬾۶û徻Ӻ壬һץң˴ӡ
һ·ϣ뿪ʾô֣ҿӹԳǺʶ
ȴΪɫס졣
˼ңȻһѽҶɳϣѹҵϣһûӦ˲䣬һǣӡҵĴϡ
տʼǳֱ룬˫֣Ҳ˿ûš
ҵߣΧ¶ȳߣֱ˵ĺЩ٣ͣ
ȴûκοڵĻᣬĴҧҵĶʱʱء
ԴҶ
һûŮˣҪҪԣ
һ仰˲еȫûˣ
͵ؾƿſϵľ룬ȴֻ̱Ķȴӭϡ
ɵãҵһȦȴʱɿңЦ⣬ᣬܺ
͵شɳ˳ԼЩҵ·ҪʾҪȴԼʲڡ
ΪȴȻҹ˹ָ
Щ£ʿˮ

ȴԵλá

Щңȴţһŵƨƨԡ
ȴһ̬Ľӵ뻳УȻܣһͷˮǳӦҪƿȴĻ
ů
á᲻á
ǰǲʶ
Ȼڣʮ档
ҡҡͷ˵ô֪
ҿĵһۣȴһַǳϤĸо
Һʶ˺ܾãܾһ
뽫°ѹҵԴϣ˫͵ҿ۵ĸˡ
֮ǰҾ㣬ǳ̸ĸиҵģһֱú֣ǺʶΪʲôҾ㣬֪ˡ
֪ʲôһûס̧ͷ롣
Ƕȣֻܿǹ°͡
ֻһ°ͣȴ˸еʮĵĻȻɡ
ȴʵĻشҡ
û֮ǰļ䣬еļ仹ֿȱǲ֮ǰ飬ΨܹϵõģҲֻгһңšʱ˵ʱҾ÷ǳϤȴûκμ䣬¥ҵʬʱҷұˡҵˣˣȥ¥
ԣ㵱ʱųߣΪ𣿡ھͣٵʱʳеɻ
û룬ȴҡҡͷ
֪ҲߣС̲
ҵһůķͨͨ
Ҳ˵һֱңûң
ĪģкȻһ㣬ŵĸоá
һ룬ȴɿңЦǽһá
ģ̥


027 ɱ
һҪĶĺӣֹסĴ˸ʿˮ
ôģ
һסҵ֣ĪģһֹУұЩֽҲ
ĺӣҵ𣿡
ҡҡͷֵ˵ͷ֪δ𸴡
ҲĺӣǾģȴûκ֤ݣҸԼе뷨
ȴʱĿ׼ң۵˸δй档
Ȼû֮ǰļ䣬ȴһΣΣãʵÿȴֲǵﵽ׷ʲô˭
˵˶٣·뿴ҵķӦ
һ룬ſڡ
ҵһۿ㣬ȴ÷ǳϤû㣬ҾȻ᲻ĳǰ
û˵ֻǽĿ׼˾룬˵ȥ
˵
ûм䣬ȷҶĺǲġ
Ƿδȴòѹ
ңָҶӵʱ򣬺ӾȻ̥ˡ
Ҳ˼ĵɴ˫ֱۣһ󼦵
Ǳŵһһ㶣Ӳĵͷһ̧ۣ
ˣ
ҵ˵ͷȴһѽӵ뻳УҶ˵
һʱ䣬һûʬ壬ָ䣬㡣
һ˺ܴľģֲһ䡣
ҪǣĺӲҵģҲվ󡣡
Ϊ㣬ڷ絲ꡣ
ǣõľҲľɣ
ͻĸףҾĶЩ޴룬ʶģԼǱ׾Ķھ䡣
Īģů
ֵɲǣҾȻãһԺߡ
´󣬾һ˷䣬ȥǰҵĴӡһǡ
֪кܶ飬ʲôȥúһˣ¶ҡ
˵仰صԼķ䣬ȴֱӱԭء
ģģȴЩӦ
ูڵľ룬Ȼôů
ھס˺Щ죬ֻһֱǿ״̬ȴҲûϵҡ
·ֱӴӴҵʧˣûƵġ
̽ϵңҵǿ⣬ϾҺ͹ԳѾ˺ûκԣҲûа취ƭһΡ
ôҲˣȻȤ
ȥȴܸо岻ϵЩ
᲻ᣬСֱʣ
˵С¶棬޽һˡ
ҪҺ͹Գ̯ǴСңĺѽСͬҵ뵽һȥ
޽һˣȴڰﲼһ֣ۣһ
Ҷָоңһž뿪һϾ룬ȫСı֮С
һ˳ᢣȴ⣬Ǹ֮ˣ̫ˡ
ֻһֱ벻ףСô࣬ôӣҪ
Һ͹ԳǵʲôծѾʧ䣬ΪʲôǣУ
ܸоڷһУֻΪС֯ĴԤȡ
Ҫ˶ãСӰֳ𲽰µİ塣
ְȵĹ˼죬ȴĵ
ܸоⰲȵӣˣǱǰܹϢȥ
ȻûãٴθҴ˵绰
һҽ˵绰ʮֵļţҸоڳǰܸжĵᡣ
ڽӵ绰ˣˣ
һֱΪῸҴ绰֮ǰ̽ɱ˵飬ȴû뵽ҵ顣
ǵ֮ǰмɱ˰ӶˡҡӰֻҲܺߣ῵ѣȫῸѹȥ
İӣǳҵӰ
ֱӼ¼ˡҡɱ˵Ḷ́
´Ƶҵֻҿıһ亹
ƵǸɱ˿ħĺҳһģһ
ʱҲûгţ;һ
ôܻȥɱˣ
ῸҷƵܹȫŮԣȴ֮ǰĻҪѪȡ
ֻƵġҡǽ˶ӣʬ塰һһߡķ棬ʬԽ˿м䡣
óһѶУЩʬϵһһĸΪ˿ߵǣЩѾµ⻹ʬϡ
ǾҪʬȡ£һ˿ߣЩʬ£ʮˣġ
ʬ٣˿߻ĳһʮı飬˸ڿޣЦ
ֻʬһۣŵĻˡ
ȴ˵ġ
˵ģƵġҡɱ˵ı飬ЦҹɱħʮѪȣɱ˵ʱѪҺǣЦ¡
ҪĺЩʬ壬ɱġ
Ϊɱ˵ˣҳһģһ֮ǰֱǣЩӣѾоר飬Ҫץˡ
ҵĵϸһ
ҪţѾֱҵѧУҵļʼץˡ
꣬ɫͷ׵ѿǱŵģǱġ
տƵĵһۣҾ뵽һСҡ
̽
ôһҾƺҲϴˣ
ҶɣֻҪ̤һܱ˿ߡ
ԼƽŸΏ˸绰ô죿
ȴ֣衣
ңûаգҵǸҳһģһġɱˡ֣
̾һ˵ûС
Ȳ˵ûгһģһˣҵˣҿҲѲɱ˵ˡ
Ͼң϶·ͲһУֻһͷԣԽԽ
῰οҼ䣬ұţ˵취һڣҪһ뵽ԲߣӦûת


028 
Եһȴֵĸмῡ
֮Ҳ֪Ϊ˰һڸ˶ۡ
Ƽˮ꣬ȴһֱڰңҼˣ
Ὼ˼ұҶ˵绰ʱ벻ڼңҲ֪æʲôȥˣɳȴ·ɳϳ˶Ƶģһ붼
Щ˺üʼȥԲߡ
ò˵̽п湻ݶģ
ҪҲԽҵŪⱲֻܶڰܼˣ
Ҫҳ֣ǿǵ»
ָҳʲôӣһŲǱ쿽ǱԳǵץ
ʱֻһڣҪǲֶȥѲ֤ݣҾƺӶϴˡ
ĶԺȸ˸绰˵£һҪһ˳ȥֵķǳţȴͬҳȥԼСĵ㣬ҪĬ֡
һůʡ
Ĭͻ𣿡
ȴǸڵչ¶쾡£Ҿ䡣
㵽ʱ򲻾֪𣿡
·Ϊ룬Ҳûк֮ǣ˸֣Լȫװһ飬ῷţַңڸһݹϸļ
῰ºܿ죬һͰЩҵֻ֮ϡ
յΏ˸ллųȥȴָоʲôͷһת͵ͳֻ˸绰
ҵ߱ûʲôѣټܰæ˸֮١
ȻСǱߵˣܸоֻҪҿһҡ
ȻҸĵ绰ʮ⣬û˵ҡ
㱻Ӵߣûʲô°ɣ
һƵģĪͷһůЦ˵û£֮ұ˴֮СûʲôӦ
˭ϣ䣬ұܵһɷߺ޺Ͳм·ΪҴ򱧲ƽ
Ȼ㱻˴Ǻ£ʦǸ绰˵С岻ûżûҺʦٹˣŪ绰ƽûŵĲҴ򡣡
Ҳ˼島˼ѻתǼɱ˰ϣûԸԸҡ
ŭҷַϹңҵ绰֮ǰصҾ䡣
㱻˿ӳҪС˵𣿡
˵ãͺˣŹ˵绰
ȻСټʮ䣬һڰﲼֵˣұӳ֪ܲ
϶֪˵û˵ͲҪ
ΪʲôûңȻưɡ
ҺԼĵطھҵСſڣ忴Ҵſ֣ȫװӣ٩˾䡣
֪ʲô𣿡
ʲô
ɱ˷ġ

ұ˵ĳֱӳῷҵƵȫ˱顣
̧ͷʮĿҵ
֪ΪʲôƵ˺㳤һģһ𣿡
һʱȤΪʲô
ȴ˵֡

һǳɫҶʱãҵרԼҶˣ
Ҫ˵֮ǰҿ徻ӵò;ñȳ̽޿յɲٵĻ˵ˡ
Ҳɡ
а
Ȼߵǿׯ˾ӡ
аȴרЩķоͰеĿ
ֻĴ̫Ѿ֮٣ַӦ
µ˽źɱֳ
ׯʱ̫̣һ¼㷢𣬴ǰ참񾯶Щֲϲ̫࣬ҲڰӵĹ죬ûо쿴أⰸֳľҲһֱûб¡
һֳһߵС¥ҲµվǽĴſڱܵһʮϢ
Ҷ䲻˸֡
ȴֵ⣬ֱԽߵǽĴǰһ˺ŵķԼͷȡһֱֻӲת˼Ȧ
ֻꡱһſˡ
ҵģȴŵĸϰ£ͣ
ȥǰ·Ǹܵҵĺ£廹صػͷһۣ˵
ҪǺ£ңҽȥͳ
Ļ䣬ұ뵽ǴΣŵæҡͷɫ԰ȴǸ˽ȥ
˵ֳѾϴɾǲ̤ȥһ㻹ŵ˿ɢȥȳ
ζ̫ŨѬҲ˳
Һ߽ȥûءһȻͷʱȴֱ򿪵ĴžȻԶˣ
ұȻϵĴŵòᣬͷȳˡ
尲ҵ֣ұ£ҲŶ˵ͷ볯ǰߣ㿴˵һʺѪſѪῸҷƵƵġҡɱ˵ĳ
ŵһûסһ
Χ̫տҵĽͣӻӾеĿ־塭
ͷôˣǲǿʲôˣ
ٻͷ㷢ԭȵϵЩѪȻ漣ʧˣ
һιεͷƤȫһ촽Щ塣
ǲй
ȴҡҡͷ˵ոˣ̫أûҲ֪
һ仰ұĸӷŲˡ
ôЩס
ùģ̽͹ԳץأҾҴҵɱǵġ̡뻢ڣ
Ҳſ壬Ȼ´徻Ӵϵʱ
ȴ֣ԶϵĴţ򲻿ˣ
ҺôʹǴǧأرֲǴţܸܵһ䵽⣬ŵ͵һ˵ʲô
ȴŲ


029 ɱ˳
̫տտŲܻҸŲǴﴫġ
ҽŵһͷƤתͷһ壬ȴɫҲŵЩ԰ס
пܣǸߵĻǱ̽ӡ
Ҫ֪״ôңпữΪ
ҡ
úɱһģһçײɱ
գգա
գգա
ŲĻҶߣѪʱҵԺиֳ߱ɱһĻ
ա壬ô죿
ʿˮҽŵĿڡ
·Ǹܵҵĺ£֪ҪҲֳ£ֻӾҵĿ־塣
ֻݺݵһɫָЦЦұţʲô
˭ҪǼվǾԴڵ
ҵֱתͷʮĿһۣ۵׵˼ԣǣңСĵĳſȥ
ӵרʮŷʽǽ׻ɫשĲվǽǰܵӰҵӰ
ֻЩשѾЩ֧飬Ǳ˶µĺۼ
ͳֻЩСգֶӱȡߺЩµСҲûʲôر
תͷĵذ壬ԭۻѪǱп챻ɫ۱ʹճ״Ӧǵʱʬڵλãǵĺۼ
볯ȥȴݺݵһסҡ
ء
ұ仰˸һ亹վԭضЩǰ
ŲܻϵļӾеĿ־壬ֱҺӶ˸飬ûֹʱ
һҳз˹ȥ˾ǵǸ״ߡ
ŷԼߵȴȻоͷŵǲķĴשӰʲôҸ̧ͷȴоһȣʲôҵϣʶԼգ֡
Ѫ
һɾ⣬˲ҵǣӲ̧ͷȴŮӣȻ˶컨֮ϡ
һ⣬£ֱӱŵɵԭأ֪ô졣
ЩҪϵ˲䣬һѽ
ЩҵʱһСĽ˦ɳԵĵ£Ҹӵȴ֣ɳôҲһʬ塭
ʬ԰ףɴһ˫Ŀ˫ĶңҶĲҶ

ԴЦʹҵĶĤҲҵʶ˲˻ٻȴһӰ
ġ
ֻһһľһżŻƷɫǰǾߴ컨µġŮʬ
ΧգգաڻƣȴĻһ
ʲôŲ
ǴŮʬԴĵѪ
֮ǰ̲ѪҲǴٴγҵǰ
Ůʬ£ǰʮֿΣģȴܻһƱˡ
۾˿һ˫˶·ҪۿѪһεεĴ۽£ϵıʮֽӲԭӣС죬Ҳһ˶һЦǽһĿ
³ǰߣˣֱҶҪƵǽǣ͵һҧĺһֱӳȥŤ
һߴ򣬻һ߿ڶ˵취ߣ
µĿ壬ҡ
һߺ򶷣һʱʱĽĿҵϣҲŸոŲһС㱻ŵվԭͷԷ¡
ҪͨҲˣʮңԹ죬ټǱ˶ãʱ򻹱󷨣ڵԹǸ壬Ƴʬɷ
˻ǱǼ񶾵һַ޷Ͷ̥ԹΪа֮Ϊһ
ҲΪ״ֻܳȲֱɱҪֱɱСǴ
ʮֳ֣һֱһûƷ
֪ʲôᣬֻΪ׸һȴоԼĽһ
·ʲôĶݺݵסҵĽ㣬һֱҵڣҶɫס
յͷȴǾɳµʬ壬Ȼ˭ûע˳ץסҵĽ
·ǲҿĿ⣬̧ͷǰ׵ķӶһʮֹЦݡ
ﲻֻһ˭ңΪʲôʬ
˲һ
ˡ
ѹǾŮʬºʮɣȴֻʱʱĶ˦ݵĿңԭк֡
ʲôʬ
һûƷûаĶʲôᡣ
ݺݵһ͵Ҫ߿ֻסҽ֣ȴʬˣŶ̧ʲôȥ
ٺٺٺٺ١
ʬ﷢ЦһЦţһɿҵĽȴ͵سǰܵɲǣһҵľҴӵק
ɱ˳
ʬɳƵӲĴĳĸ֣ȴŵ亹
ҵɱҪҳˣ
ҲϵҪĽ£ȴֱӱϽһԵķ
ŵſ죬Ҫ֣ȴԼĲӱ̫Щѣο˵
ĿԼϽһԵķ䣬ۼҷⷿĴͷϾȻжӣ룬˿ߡ
ҿƷŵĻ˸飬ԼڲܾĻǾŮʬģˡ
Ҳ֪͵ƿʬĽ˲˷ţܳȥһȥ壬ȴڸպһյʱֱʬһ˷䡣
ߣѾá
ö뱻ƹķϴʹҵ񾭡


030 ǣž
ڵϲϵĳŲʮֽ٣ŵ
Ҳɱ֣
һֱѹĵ׵Ļѿڶ֪һҲûС
ĴԽԽңֻءһ·ʲôɺԶҪվȥʬöȴѾ̽ҵƤ
Ҳϵѣ÷Ķ֪һöûУȴҪȥ
һĪϯɨȥеĺ¡
Ҫƴɲǣű˿ӰҵߵУȴѾʮǱ
͵س嵽ԻǰʬһҾȥ·Ŵ򲻿룬͵ҳŴ̨ȥ
ҿҪ̨ܵߵɲǣҵĽֱǾʬݺסã򿪵ķҲϡԿµʬĴӵ
ʱҪǲߣһ߲ˡ
һɲǣһѼӲ屻ҵУľ
죡ȥ
ΪʲôҴ̣
һûӦǼȵź⿴ѾӰ
ǰʬֱҲںݺݵ·Ҫ˦طȥ
ҵĶ죬жɲǼ䣬Ѿľ࣬ҽľγ˲䣬Ҳݺһף¥ֱӶȥ
׳ȥ˲䣬һֻڶӵҵ塣
ֱҴĻѳ˫Ųڵϵʱų׵׵һ
ߴвʵ˻
̽סʬҪ׽ң֮ʬҲ׷ô˵ҲӦ÷˰ɡ
ɫѾҪʹ˳̵ľҺ˿Ҫˡ
ԣǸһٸӣҲȥֳ
һۣҸմؼңȴסңҡҡͷ˵Ҫһȥ
ԻҪңҪһȥ·ô죿
ҶͶ˸м񣬰ĵףҲûܾ߳Сֱ˸Ļؼˡ
쵽Сſڵʱ塣
ΪʲôղľҪҴʬ壿
ȴңΪ˽࣬رҲմǵԽ࣬ҲԽ׶а
һͨˣԱܶ಻Ҫ鷳
֪ĵ˵ͷ
ҪԺ޵أ
Ǿͺһ¡
Ļ䣬˾ͣ˳ԭѾˡ
Ҵӳ˱ǰرԼСĵ㣬Ϻʦ˵˵ʦһ
ߺұ㳯žļȥŴţײһӲĵ·ʯ
ͷ˼ȴ˾ź͸˵ŵϱ죬һáЦݡ

ȴûлӦңɫ˵˫Ķɱˡ
ֻĿ⽥ƣͣҽŵĽ֮ϣֻǱʬչĽףѾһȦӡһӡ
ΧĿӱоڶҵĲӺһɺֱҵı
㣬ˣ
˵䣬ͷ̧Ǻı飬ȴҸܵһɡЦ⡱
Ц⿴Һ󱳷
ֻ˲䡰ءһҶǴű紵Ĺˡ
һûⷴӦֱӱ붪ɳϣѹҵϣ˫֧ҵ࣬ͷһſҷЦ
ûԼţ
ܺ仹ʱʱҵĶһɧ
ȴµĲа
ݺݵһɳκôƣƲһɽѹϵľ롭
һ룬ҴӾоȻһ˿ۣɿңַҵĽ֮ϡ
һůȡԭǺ
ҽ״ĺӡʧһȴ͵һѽҴɳ𣬳ȥ
ЩţһҪѣһ
ȥģ
ȴûңֱ߳˼ţתͷ˫ɱ˵һ䡣
Ǳ˿۸𣿡
һû˫һ˿ãȻŲһ䡣
ֻ۸
仰˫۶ʱ͵طŹ⣬ҪΪұأ
ɵãҿĿҲԽԽ˳ˣ
ҵĶҲԽžЦĴ򿪳ŰѾͽȥ֮Լȥ
˺Сžֱɱֳ²µݾ͸ܵһҵĺҲֱӱҺԣСӹҼҡ
ǣžһֳбͬѧ۸ˣ¿ξʦ״ĸо
ߵǰŽŴ򲻿ҪҪѧøţءһԶһϢֱƷɡ
ɢһɾµ棬ǿվԣЩɪɪ̫ҿ
ѾҹûпκεƻǸո˵װֳҷǵ£׳׳ӣҪȥơ
ƹȴȻԼֻƹЩ谵סЩߡ
ҵһ˫Ĵ뿴ǾŮʬ
ȴһߵλãǿ׷۱ӡǵĵطͣ˼롣
ǹһĨ޵Ц⣬ҵһԵɳ¡
һ룬ΧأءҺ;ƨɵµɳļҾȫкȻð˷ĩ

˸ȴֻһĻꡭ
Ȼû룬һа紵ٶȺܿ죬·ʲôֱҵǰȴڿҵǰһ룬һס
ģµʬ塣
ֻ˫ѾĲΣݣǱһţȴֱĿҡ
ô
Ѿûκ¶ȡ


031 
Ļ䣬»ش±лΪƬ
һ룬һ˻ǰҪɱҵǾʬ˹
ֻҪҵɲǣһźݺݵߵǽߣ롣
ЩҲûͣ˼Ҿ߳С
ھԣֻо·磡
ȥ·ϣһֱųû˵һ仰ֱ͵˷ſڣҸתط˯ɲǣӺһ§סҡ
Ժ£ԼǿֱӺңһ֡
û˵ȴ͵ɿң¥¥ȥûͷȴĵĴһ䡣
ܸܵļ꣬ȴܸӦλãָоܲá
ԡ
ҺǾʬ򶷵ʱ򣬾һֱңҲһԵģ
˵ʲôȴѾ¥ݡ
¹ϣֵͬһ㻪ɴȴҲǲȻı鱩¶ҵǰ
Ǻˣ
ʣصԼ䣬ȴڴϷȥͣ
һɱֳ£ʬ屻Ūҵǿ⣬Ǿʬô£
῵ûҲǱ˿߶ģΪʲô
ҿӣں£Ѿһʬ塣
˿ʱ䣬Ѿ賿ʱῴ绰δЩ̫ˣ̾һѹĵףһ𴲵ʱϵɡ
ȴ벻ڶһ῵ĵ绰ҳѵġ
ҲŽ绰῵ЩٵĿҡ
ȥһֳǲһЩ飿
˯ʻûӦһȴ
һҪµʬóʬһΣȴµʬ岻ˣȥһֳңҵĲУһأȥ
أҾȻСﻹмⶫ
ɵãҵҲ˴룬æʵ
Ȼأ
ȻԽԽأҲЩѹˣͷʱ䣬Ҫǲҳ֤֤˲ɱģΣˡ
һ⻰˴롣
ģ
췢һпȫڳ̽ɣ
һھѾܽˣ죿
ɶһа취ɣ
û˵Щˣ쵽׷ʲô顣
Ұ췢Եĺ˵һ飬ȴѹؼͣǾʬϣҡ
Ǿʬǲһ߰ңеȣŴͷ
һʱɴ˫ۡ
ԣǾʬ֪˭𣿡
ȴҵȵȣҴϣһݾͰǾʬ
Ǿʬг·壬¹ϵһֱסһ𣬾±ɱҲ֤֤ʱֳ
ҪֳôܻĿ±ɱ
ң±ɱǸƵֻСҡ¡
ⱾҲûʲôֵģϾѾ¼Ƶκιϵ
־ûκǣˣȴ±ɱ֮һֱʧ٣ұȥĵطеһֳȫûҵӰƾʧˣûƵġ
µǣﱻɱŮԣȫѡ
Щ˵ͳ·µƣȫŮѱɱʱ֤֤˾ӣڶһ
ҽϢ˳ȱţһ޵֮ǰϵ֮Ҷ˵绰
Ž绰Ҷϣұϸ˸绰Щ˵
꣬ȴң鸴ˡ
֮ǰϲȫȥ֮ǰ֪оʬһֱΪֻ̽Ūʬɷһ˵ֳвŵʬ壬Կ϶̽µľֽɷ֡
ͨǣǣƣ໥ڣںϳһ֡
ɷ֣໥֧ţγһΣǣƣųͬȱһɡ
ֻҪǱƻһ֣ƻǸԹɱĹʣµ֡
ʣµַˮߵʮգ徻ӽȥˣһܹȫˡ
ĵһ嶼ĳľ֣Ӧò֪ܲ
ҪǾ֪ĻΪʲôҪΪҳͷ˾֡
ʿˮԾĻѹ£ô죿
ȴұżû˵ꡣ
ңǲǵ˵ɱ˵ǿ
˵ǵá
绰ͷȴʿˮ
֮ǰΪ̽Ŀֽϵģڿǣϵġ
ûʲô˼˼룬ż
˵ֳǽ˵Ůԣڿϣǵϡ
пܣ̽źһģһƤǵϣ֮˿ٿαװҵӣɱǵŮѡ
ƤǵϣԻԻǵۣȴ޷ԻھбɱŮԡ
ԣǺпĿԼıԼɱôֲԹ֮󡭡
ЩҺ󱳷ʱû˷У塣
Ҫ֤ɱˣô죿
û̽죬Ƕ˼ſڵ
衣
һûӦһ
ȴ٩˾ҵ
аŵĵ˱֮٣㲻ϻãһϳʶһЩˣĵбΣȻ㲻ҲñǲƤ
һʱŵĲᣬ塣
û취𣿡
˵Уȥҳ̸̽УҪʲôϲϷŹ㡣
˵⻰ʱżϷʣϾҲ֪Ҿȥҳ̽ȥйԳǵͷġ
Ǹô໨뿪룬̥ȥԳ
ɵãһһΡ
ûбİ취𣿡
Σ
Ȼϵ


032 δ
һС壬æҡҡͷ˵Լ취ɡ
С̫һʲôѾ͸ˡ
򲻵ѵ£ǿ϶ֵģȻһȥ
˼ȥ뵽˲䣬ȴһһֱеʡ
뵱ʱȥʬûпʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ûС
꣬żί
ҿ˵䲻˵𣿡
һȴֱӽ˳
ҿôž룬֪ı𣿡
Ļ䣬ҵһ˲
סھôãӴıȺ͹ԳǽӴĻҪࡣ
Ҷ˽⣬֪о룬ʧ䣬ʵʲôݣҶ޴ӵ֪
ڹԳǣٻ֪ǺԨԴ
Ǿ룬ҪС̵ƣһˡ
һ˵ĻСΪʲô
һ룬ҽЩƷϾԼʧ䲻֪Լ˭
̺С϶֪ʵģҵļˣӦáǲẦҵİɣ
·ûҵҵ֣ŷӦ˵
벻ˣֻʧ䡣
˭ϣҵĻŸ˵꣬ȴ̾һҡ
С岻㣬Ҳûʸ飬ûһʧúܶ飿
ҵۺȻݺһĪЩ飬һۼ䣬ȴֱӹҵĵ绰ԼúǺͳ̸̽УСֻߡҾ롣
˵ֱӣҲǳ꣬ȴ
ҵģɷֻ治ʦԲֵ顣
˿ʱ䣬Ѿٽ磬ܵϴ֮¥ȥ̽̽Ŀڷ磬ȴ־ûڼң绰Ժȴ͵ظֳ֪һ۵ɫ
ǿ϶ұǿĬͻ֡
ľ룬ôܺң
пܣĲ֪ɷ׵ɣ
ỮֻĻͨѶбȴͨѶֻ޼ʮˡ
ֻʱ䣬ﲻæҲôþæֳһ䡣
Ҫʲô¶Ҿæ֮һô죿
һ뽫ֻϣָȴе㵽˷δĺ֮ϡ
Сͻس֮ǰҲûδû绰ȴ˽״̬
ҲǱԿ̬δ˸绰
û룬绰մȥ㱻
ûҿڣһϵһƵģֱȥ
һԸңԭüͷҲ滺Լʰһͣܵϳ
Ǵ磬ͷգվڳǰȴ˿ܲκ䣬ø䣬·ʲôӲĶҵΧ
ƿ˳ݵĴţӳȴһű˿֯Ĵʮֺˡ
ҲſŴ㱻ŵȽŷҪ˺
ŵȴҲʱҡ
㲻𣿡
ʿˮ̧ѾӲͷĿת򷿶ŵȴһű˿߱֯Ĵϲûʬ壬һ
ߵԸ£ȴûʲô
ҡҡͷ˵ûС
һһ˿߱Ĵิɱֳܿʲô
δȴЦЦҷϵ֣ĴаŵĻ˸һŰֽϡ
ֽϵã֮ǰ˵Ҫ䷿תøҵȨͬ
ãĿһδſʵ
㻹ǵϴθͬʱ˵ϥûŮرϲ𣿡
˵ͷȴֱӽŷ֤ҵС
ǩڲ飬а취
Ҹƴǣȴ͵ؽ˰գһ˶ʵ
ţ֪ҵʲô𣿡
ȴչһȻı顣
֪
ںڰ֮иһĨ˵ķӣز˵Ҫս˭֪᲻ء
·ǲҵĹǣŽ⼸ֽջأҪͿ͡
ұͻķŵĲᣬ˽䣬˾Ϊʲôң
ȴң֮ǰ߹ҡ
ΪϥŮرϲң
ش׳նܿĳ⣬οң
ڵȴѡнðһĨЭ֮ɫȴҲûɵЭ
ʷš
Ҫ䷿ӣԸΪʲôɱ𣿡
ֻһʣϾô׾Эȴû뵽ŵ˵ͷ˵ĸ֡
̫
ʱû̫ʲô˼ֱӴȦӣҲŶá
ԭźͳ̽һ޵а
аһ֣еĹͼӰ
ɱ˺͹ˣȻҲͶˣǰĵжʱ϶ա
ҪôУҪô˽ỹȫʬ
ٺÿȴҲΪأ޷ֻأó
ԣһֱ벻ףķΪʲôа
Ϊʲôа˶ϵ˶ѡȫʬʱȴѡһôѿ
õ˷ŵĻشҲûԥֱӽȨǩ¡
ŵӣӦǲẦҵģοһȨ飬ˣ˼լ
żҽȨǩ£һһȥҴɷֵ飬һֳѵЦݡ
һʱЩ棬;ĹϵãôҴ̽µġ
֮ǰûס˾䡣
ţıߵˣ


033 Ե
ȴһ䣬ˣԼ˽ģҪվıߡ
¶ĵ˵ͷҪ˵ʲôʱ򣬷ȴ˾ѷӸ˭ܸߣڲϵܰҽֱ˿͡
Ҳ߳ⷿоԼŵŰֽЩ̣һŰֽȻԼҪʱѾҵճ˻ҽֱɵԭأȴЩҽҵʧ
˼ĵɴ˫ۣϸĿԼΧٿԼ֣Ҳûκλҽ䣬ЩҽҵС
ʿˮһعͷҪȥҷʵôȴȳݵĴô򲻿ˣԭվڳǰǹϢҲʧ
վ̫£Ҳû⣬ůġ
˿̾ɵҲôһˣ
ѹַԸңѹҺͱ˵ѹһֱ˵ϲҪǩǷȨ顭
£ǩĸʲôȨ飬ҽĴаɣ
Ǹǻǻ㲻Ҫҽ˷ŵĴУǳĵӣ
ԣпɽ𡭡
ȻڶһῸҴ˵绰ҵô쵽ģ澹ȻųϢ˵ץףΪϴ˰
ЦЦ˵ã˸ˡ
һˣʱȤдżּȵʲôˣʶ
һʶѿڶ
Ҫ֪ҵ˵ķţƻ۽ɣ
˸Լŵɷ£Ҳûʣҵ绰֮ǰ˵Ǳ˶ˣԼСĵ㣬Ҫõĵط
ҸмĶһ˵ллȴƿڴǲûѣҪǵѻ˵ʲôлл
ͷһůЦź˼ѵ绰ˣҶ֮˸绰ϾҲҲæ
Ӳ̣Ҳʮ˽ң֪Ľ϶򵥣ֻû˵ҲʶȤûʡ
绰չҶϣұһO@ĽŲǾġ
סھôãͷһڴ쿴ڼæԼ顣
ΪҺ˭绰ʱȴֻǿһֱԽɳϡ
Ҽ״æܹȥһƨԣһЦž롣
ûȥ
˵ͷ˷ݱֽУ̯㱻һѴȥ
Ͳұݺ´ô𣿡
Ҫ֪Һȥֳ֮ǰǺ;˵绰˵ҪȥģʱرңһҪԼȥЩõġ
ҳͷȴֻû¡
̧ͷһۣ
Ҳʣ϶˵
һǽиһֻڶ
ǰҳԵģԸһŪһΪΪ֮ǰҲأ
⻰ĶʱЩƨһŲԶ㣬ȴݺһק뻳У°ͶҵԴϡ
ˣ
û
ֵ
㣬㱻ݺ½չôˣ
ʱʣ
ƿ룬ͷȴоԼĴһȣһ룬ֱӽԭλ
ڻͷʱ򣬾ǡý˹һСıȥ
󣬵ҷӦҪƿʱȴݺݵĽ˻УұŵҪУȴſڵ˲Ļᡣ
ǳǣ˴˸໥ĺҲĿʼ١
ұǵĲûԼʶֱԼɿŷ֣ռ˱ˡ
ʶԼգ̵ĲУѾ˺ƨɣбۿһ۾룬ȴǹһȣһŻЦͷԼĴȻ
ǡôӴ˽ȫϣ·Ϊһ⣬ʱľľһΧһУȫΪĵ׺
ҴĿ˾뼸룬ֱı۰ٴνӵ뻳УŷӦҪƿκûĴ󣬸ӲĽ
ɳȴʧԵҵĶ
ռҵıˣǲҪҸ𣿡
ռ˵ȷң
һ˲ؿڣ뷢ȴ˫Ц񣬶ʱй
ҪǺˣƲҲܱ˲Ƥ
ݺݵһԼ촽ԴԿ˵
ռ
˵仰ԭͷ̵øˣǾ벻׷˾䡣
֪ǰҪŮ˸ҽô𣿡
ʶ˾䡣
ô
ȴҡҡͷ˵ʧ䣬Ҳ֪
ҶʱԼˣˣһƿϵЦȴˣȴЦУܵһɱ͡ɱ⡣
ҵӣӦûȥ
һ룬뿪Ҳ˸ûӦ§øˡ
˵ҶôԿռ˱ˣǲҪҸ𣿡
ôһ˵ҾȻúռıˣҪôȴݺݵİɳϣһȵǣֱӴҵĶͷ
ͣҴϵʱѾұǵͷת·˶ֱ֪紵Ļ˸һƿ˾롣
·û뵽һʱƿһɳҽ·ŪãٻͷʱѾȫˡ
ǡǸҲǹİ
ұŵĲᣬʿˮڣ˵ѾͰ͡
û˵һǧ꺮ƵģԶܸܵһһһεӣ˫۽ҽɳĿϣһſҡ
û˵ֻһ˫ԴĿ⿴ңȴŵ˶ˡ
Ҫȥʱ򣬾ȴҵĶߡ
㻹𣿡


034 ȥ
뻰ұ͵ҡͷɿҡ
ȴǲ죬ô׷Źҡ
Ȼҵԣ˵˼֡
ǰ졣
ƺܹԤϵ̫ùʶҪŲƨԶ㣬ȴڲͷʱ۷۵׵ġ֮¡
ֱ뿪ʻظղŵĻ⣬һ˵ҵǷš
Ǿһɫ˲˲٣תͷҡ
ǲǴӦʲô
Ļ䣬һļ˲һ
Ȼû˵ܸ߱ҵģȴұ˵ǩͬ顣
ɵãʿˮԾҡҡͷ
ˣǵûаݷս˼ҡ
û𣿡
һ仰·ҿ͸ұ񿴵Щţÿ˵ûУЦЦ˵ٺŽӴ
һ˲˹ȵףʧֻϵó̺ĸδ˵ǺδϵرõģΪʲô˵Щ
·ǿ۵׵𾪣һ䡣
޵аԲҲ㲽󳾡
Խ˵ԽǻţԽ顣
ҺδǩǺͬ͵ڵĴУȻʲôᣬҲûκιףɿδҪĶȫҡ
һ뵽ô˿ߴģҲݺݵĴ˸ͽδҵ˵ˡ
Ժݺݵ˼ھǰŰɵĿ£Ž⳶˿
һ죬ûгţڼһֱҹҴطʱȴ־Ҳ˽
ΪǴ˯ûпƣֻܿɫάַĹ
Ҹʾҷȴʼһһġ·
ٶŵòᣬȾ볯¥ȥȴҲһֻţ㱻ĿŵĻһæЦ
ҡȥϴ
䣬ɫźÿ˲٣ҵ˵ͷ
ȥ
ŽʱôסŹʱ˵˾䡣
ǰ졣
ʱǰ죬Ѿҹ
뵽ұŵĲҴӲȥ
ԼĪ˶ʮӣ
ˣ
ɫһףû˵ȴٴ
ϲôãȥƨɣ
һŵľջһæ˴˴ȴое㲻Ծ
ʲôӲЩĶ
͵̧ͷȴź͸˵ҡ
֣ڸ
ҸմصһԼھǰ˿鸹֮ϡ
ǾҷˣôҵĴϣ
ҡû·
˼룬æԾһֺáЦݡ
ΪȥأˣǺ˯
û˵ֻǶЦ
ǱŴҵģ¹պôӴ˽İϣź覴õյһãһ
ּķϣȴΥ͸жûУһīҵıǼ⣬ŵʶĶ˼
ҽŵĳŲŲñӰԼǵʵʵģȴһһ
뾹Ȼһֻ֣ݺݵĽҴӴקĻУһûС
㡭
ұŵɫɷףȴż롣
ɡ
Ҹһٴ
˯
Ǿıң˯ţɵãӲĲУĵĴŲȴսҼ֣ҵĶԡ
˵ʲôϵ
һ仰׹ᶥ˲Ҵѡ
԰§ֱҵĴҺʲôϵ
̧۵һƬʡ
˵ʲôϵ
û˵ֻھҡ
ʱѵһŮ˵
˺þã뻹ûпڣȴҲŲסˣһѴӴ롣
Ҷĺӣİɣ
˺ü룬붼û˵ҲʹӴϱˣʱſڵ
Һ˵ҵļ侭ָϳֿհףȴرϤĺһرǵĸо
ҵ˵ͷ
ȴ˵Ŀġ
ң뿪һʱ䣬ĻҾָܻ䣬ߡʱСĵ㣬ҪǳʲôڳǿĬҵ֡
һҲ֪ʲôζȴǿа§뻳С
˯ɣһἢʳһиʲô
һһĽַھϣȴٴ
㲻ʲôɣ
һӲıҵؿڣ͵رۣ˯
ڶһ磬𴲵ʱѾˣߴȵģ߲á
ҵģȴȻĪģһʧӣһڴ
ڴ´μָ
ڴ´ξָҵĴô
ߺü죬Ҷల£ͺԳƵģҲûˮҵϡ
һֱʧСȴʱҴ˵绰ڵĵһûƵҡ
ʲôʱؼң
һۣĪĴżּؼңǸҸһȥ
û˵СٴοڣղǸһ飬ҸؾСȴֿ˿ڡ
㲻סûϵȹжҪ㡣
һֻڶС嶼˵ˣһʲôڻؾ
Сſڣվǰٳٲ볯
ȻоСжҪңңһվſұ뵽С֮ǰҵơ
̾һһҧǴš
СɳϿֽҽҵ˸ɫǰ¡
µʱż־нĪĸоδСƺﲻһˡ
Сûż˵רĵڿеıֽۼȴ͵طϷһ壡
ǿҵµһģһ


035 ҹ
ҽŵԼڴŵǿ飬ֻԵһ
ҪûǴĻԳҲöģѵСǹԳǵ
˺þãС嶼ڲͣķֽңҲͳסֱӿˡ
ֱС彫еıֽ̧꣬ͷҡ
ס𣿡
ҡҡͷû˵Ŀȴһֱö塣
СȻҲע⵽ҵĿ⣬˵壬ŵ⳯űĵط
Ļ⳶˽һСʱ֪ˣֻҪҲʣСǾԲ˵ġ
ɵãҿʡ
С壬ҹжҪ𣿡
С˵ͷָָɳһũز˵ңҵġ
ǼͬһˮֱӱϨɫһС塣
ֻЩ𣿡
СȻĵ˵ͷֽ˵
ǽһһǶũزСлתš
֪С岻Ϊũزͺһһ£ߵĺᣬֱҿߵżʱ򣬻ûС庰ҵֻֽ
Ƿǹģ֪Ҷ԰رУǰҿڣֻҪһȨֱӽС
ڵңѡ
ݺһҧͷСʱѾЦݣЦĸ仨Ƶġ
С壬öͦµѽ
С±ֽһۣ˵ͷƨƨߵܵԭλٴ
԰ҿ𣿡
Сҵ˸ԵæǿϸϸĦȴ֣ĺҿڴһģһĨʺѪҺСֺ
忴ôӣѵһ
ɵãҽ˻ȥò˵˾䡣
ҿԳҲС
С忴һۣһֽĿԻ˱ֽ֮ϡ
ȻСû˵ʲôҿҲܿӦòǹԳǵģԣ飿
һûŪǸõģС徹ȻҴҽǲǴϣ
óȴҷźõȽԶ򿪵ʱǵú˵û뿴ҵ˼
һʱ䳡ֱ뿪ڴζЩҲ˵Ļ⣬˺һᣬƨɶЩҪߵʱСȻҾ䡣
𣿡
ҵ˵ͷ˵á
ȴȻЦˣЦǽһζ
þͺãҸ°˰ɡ
һʱһС塣
;𣿡
Сҡҡͷ˲Ĳһִƾ
ûҿڣСȴ
㲻;ףѵ͹Գǽ𣿡
Сʲô˼Сȴңھ͹ԳǶǻ壬ûҵԼʬ壬ӡҪǹԳҵԼʬ壬˭Ʋ
ҽⶫһϣһһ˭޷ƽ⡣
˵ЩС廹˾䡣
ѾϾ˰ɣû룬Ҳ͹Գǽף𣿡
ʶĵ˵ͷŷӦԼȻС˵ĻɵɫһС塣
ȻҺ͹ԳǵĶԹΪʲôϾ룿
СȴȻЦˣüĿ
˭˵Һ͹ԳǵĶԹûоˣ
˲һҪ˵֮ǰСңȴãҾһӣ˰ڲ
ִˣҵף
Сھ뿪֮ң֪벻ڣҿ϶һ޹òԼı壬
С·µ룬ҵ˸¶˵Ŀ⣬ұ͸˵ģˡ
Сҳ˶Щججֱ˾ſڣյһţС巢ģҪˣͻסڽң˵Σգ
仰էһûʲô⣬ϸһȴܴӻиܵһŨŨвȡ
Ǽݶˣһסھһ£ȥҪǸνġҡ
СϢûأǻصݺݵϴ˰뻻·ڴϺݺݵ˯һȴԼСѾ΢΢¡
ˡ
ԼȻˡ
߸£̥Ҫˡ
߸µʱ䣬˵˵̲̣ȴѾ㹻Св֣ȴûС嵽Ҫʲô
˵Ầңһ뵽ƾ룬ҵľޱܡ
ؿһƣ绰С˵ȴ־ĵ绰ͨĬ֣Ҳûг֡
Ƥһֱһɲõͷļð
롭
òǳ˰ɣ
֮ǰÿ˵ҪȥģȫйôҪȥ
ˣٲȻѾЩڷѰֱҹҰοӦòµġ
లµĹ˺Щ죬ڱ죬˷ܵȥţȴ˹ԳЦЦӡ
ѹԳһ㶯ûУȻֱ
ҹѾˣʮһµĿ䣬紵һ쬵ģͣڿз
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þò
Һµʿˮݺݵʹ뽫ŹϣκûĴ󣬱ݺһţ˺üһƨ˵ذϡ
ӭ𣿡
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Ǿǻӭ
ҽŴԺԲߣĬ롣
ȻӭҾͽ˰
Գһ˵⻰һߺ˽һƨɳңȴƤЦⲻЦĿڡ
𣿡
ҽԭأҶĶŹԳǡ

䣬ΧĿֽ˲٣һЩվסˣԳȴʱվһҾ볯ɳ
ָң㱻һѺݺݵ˦˼
ԳǷǵ⣬Цӯӯĳǰ˼ҷӦ֮ǰһҵ°͡
ʲô
ߴЦŵģȴҸܵΣٵǰס
ķڲϡͨͨ·ʱ
һҪκһ°͵˼֣ҲһִҪƴֿ°ͺпܱ顭
ǿ𣿡
ԳǿڣɢһϺߡ
û˵ֻĶ
𣿡
Ļ䣬ҵͫ͵һɫĻ򶨣ҳһˡ
С͹ԳǶ˾벻ڲҵ
ôĬ룬֣ҲûиκλӦ
ԽԽ£ԽԽûף¾ԳߣΪ֮
ֻ˲䣬Ȼɿңӿڴͳ˲°͵ָֻ·һôĶ
ǿѵ𣿡
ٴмϷʺͷ̡
ҽŴûлӦԼһڣᱩ¶Լ顣
ԳĶҿãȻ͵һתȥ
Ҳ죬Ȼô׷ŹҵʱȴٴδҵĶߡ
һĸԸ뿪룬ҵߡ
ŹԳȥıӰҵֹסĳ鶯ܸоǱǰףǣҪдˣ
һڴϷȥ˯ţһڰճٳ䲻ȥ
ѾǵĬٱ룬ÿһΣҵľͶ༱һ֡
ôˣ
˵Ҳ֣ҾȻలµĹ˺ü졣
ΪԳҪˣı֮ǰûãﾹȻһСľС
ϿһСģէһǺɫϸһȴ֣ᷢȴʵǺɫģΪѪҺ֮Уޱȡ
ΪԳǰǾ侯棬Ȼ֪Ӳܴ򿪣ãôĶֲܷڿҸŪȥȴԶ˿
ҹѾˣӴ򿪵Ĺ̺ܻȴԤУҪȫ򿪣Ҿܲˣ
һںӳ״֮ǰ˼¸볯ȥûȴžડһӿˡ
һ룬һ䡣
衣
ֻоСŶһʶĵͷȥȴһճģɰͰ͵СҵСȲš
һܴ̽ϺҵСӽҵȫʶҪ߿ȴûҶ۵ױð˼ί
裬ǲǲҪˣ
֪϶ҶĺӣôʹȴĲ̡
ӣ̫Сˡ
·ǼûеִȻСĴҵСҵУһ˫ӴٵͫˮɫȻ˵
豧
мֹƻҾȻʶҪȥȴŵһʬ˲䳹׾ѣҪͣԼľٶȴԼƲסԼ壡


036 ξʵ
ֻоԼӲУԼȴѾ⺢Ӹӵ뻳УȻ߳˼
ҹѾˡ
С·Ƶĵƹʮֻ谵ΧЩˣһ΢ĽŲǴҵĽ·ġ
һСֵҵĶߣҶоԼǲǳ˻þ
еĺӲͣĺҡ衱衱ͣں˵ЩʲôҸ˵Щʲô
ԽԽԽԽ󣬴ĶЩۣĿԼźڰȥȴ޷ֹͣµĲ
ΧľɫȻת䣬һŹɫķӳǰֵŵƽʮ֣ͮͮĵ߸߹𣬿ôֵĽֵϾȻһˡ
ţۿҪߵӵ֪ȥ϶ôôòȨ
ߴЦ̸·ǰַ·ʮңԶ
ߵӵ󣬾ȻһţΪһţȴҵ徹Ȼǰͣ
һ񷤻ƮǰͣҵĽűߣͬʱҵСҲʹ·ʲôҪ䣬·ʲôҪ˳
۵ĿҪ˾ڵϵ˲䣬еǸӴһһ񷤡
ֻ֡
裬ѵܵҴȥ档
뿪ӵͬʱҲƿػԼȨ

ԼղǱ
ҺݺҡҡͷԼӣ۾ϣٿǺӵ
ֻо͸¶⣬һ۶ӱУ԰Ρ
ݺݵҧҪʹվȴǺֺ
裬ѵܵҴȥ档
˫ȼ͵һȣʶһĨѾˣ
ðü
һڴ򿪽ҡ
һҽ嶪
һ⺢ӡ
֣Ҳȥģ
ò˵ԳǿݣӲĲУģҲ֪Ūô̥Ҹ޴֡
ʱһһȥɫΪʧѪԽԽ԰ף԰׵˫һ˿Ѫɫ·Ҫˡ
ӵðϵĳҵԺֻоԼӾͿҪѿҪԼݺҧһ
ܻţܺ¡
Ƥ˸ҲԽԽ٣·һ룬ҵں档
˫߬ȭָģ˫ҲҧѪȴȲԼСʹ
ֻоԼǰԽԽԽԽģ־Ҳ
·иˣҵǰһѱһ뿪ƺ̵ӡ
߻иָ𣬿ȴ塣
ֱǼʵһŨ嵭ī㣬滺˻ļ⣬ȻĿ
Ҳ֪˶ãʱȴԼھҵĿΧһˣҲû֮ǰǸСںӡ
æӵСС΢΢¡״̬Լ˫ȼҲûһ˿Ѫûĸо
ҪǰһٽңҲ𣬻ܡ
಻ǻͨͨѾЩֲıʵıξ
ҹѾˡ
ҽȫҵĵƶ˿һʱԵЩƻͨұȫҴССλãſڵҶˣȴҲûǸСںӣ·Ǹ߽ƺӵСһξ
ǵ֮ǰҾǸСʮϤȴ͵
ǵ֮ǰСסҹţҸۿҵǼѪɫ߽ӡ
ֻʱЩԶСӵĻһգ۾ûˣҲȷǲʵ⵽ǲͬһӡ
һʮʵΣʵξһιұȫ֮Ѿ۵Ĵ죬ɳϴ
죬ѾʼˣҲЩˣȻɳ˯
ֻоԼɽһůĻϤİȴ̰޷ȥ
Ϊ飬̫ѰһȫС
Ϊ̰һĻ
ֱŷǾҵɳ̫ɵѾ˽ȥ
һʧ䣬ҵӡ
ҾɵҲ֪Լƽ޹ڵذϣƽ޹μһСôΡ
ǹԳǣѾʼҳ˰ɣ
ΣĿҸ͸һʲô
ǣѾʧ˺þúþá
˵õģҪǳĬ־֣ܳ
˵õģҵأ
Ҳ벻ʳԣпʲô£档
ҺȥҾ룬ȴҲ֪˿̵ԼһֻͷӬѱ
ԴУڵԼȴĲС
˵㣬һӣԼȴ޿κΡ
ǿ
˭
ǿĴۣڿ¡
ҽֻ򿪣ͨѶ¼ֻͣ
Ϊ֮ǰɷֵ飬һ鷳塣
һѶûУ鷳ˣҲֻˡ
ݺݵһҸ˵绰μһһʮĺ˵һ顣
ȴ˵̫ˣҲûҪȻסǱߣҪǳ£иӦ
ҸܾȴǲΪʦСңԲԸ⣿
æ˵˾䲻ǣǲ̫鷳㡣
Щţ̬ȼҲ˵ʲôֻ˵Ҫǳ£ǿԵһʱϵġ
ȻвܰﲻʲôæǾ벻ڣӦҲݱϡ
æӦ£л֮Ѽ䣬绰Ҷˡ
Ҳȥǣ治ΪС壬ǲ鷳
ϴιԳҪң徻ӵļҶˣҪǾ֣ǿǲ롣
һ죬Ķల£ֱҹŲű졣


037 Ѫ
һʱЩš
⡭
òǱ˸˰ɣ
ʿˮŵ߬߬Լ˫֣Щ֪ô졣
ܽȥðѲ˵ȴ溰
￪ţ
ҵ˲佩ԭأģȴЩ£»᲻ǹԳˣʲôıƻҵģ
֤Ƕˡ
ΪڲţŶܸˣ
ҲǰȴСĽ˽һѵĶɳԺһһҵļ
һ˳ס죬ʦͬ⣬Һһܣϳ޼ҿɹˡ
ûһش߽Һһˮȫˣպ껹ڴڴҾ䡣
ҹɣ
Цǽһ
飬Ҳ̲סЦˣѣá
üë˵

߳˳һ죬סĸڷס
˵Ҳ֣֪ǲΪĵ⼸ҹǽһలȣûֵֹ飬˯
û뵽ǣҶЩɾʱĺӣŶǹ̥ȻҵΡ
֮ǰͬģҺΣȴ⺢Ӳĸ޷
ƵģϿҵ壬ʬԣһҪôھͰѶĺ棬ҪôһֱҴĺӡ
ԻҪҶĺӳҾͲˡ
⻰еľðȻ̥ȴҲ֪аĶ
С˵ɡ
СӤӤҪôǱĸĺӣҪж֮أһС˶˽رȨġ
̥ȴСĶ࣬ԻģܸþҵΡ
ʱһʮңֱôֲĶûзͱʴر𼫶ˡ
ȻûбֵĺԣÿÿҴ̥ʱҶܴ۵׿һ˿Ͷ񶾣Ϳ
ҲУȴҲ׾ϵԽԽأսǷϣһᣬᱻණǸԱ
ҲϵӦǸ̥һһУֱںƵںֱҴŻһ
۾Щ죬ΪĵƣȻͱ˿
ʿˮ뻷ܣȴ嶥˶վҵĴǰҡ
û뵽һ񣬱ŵĲ壬˶ʿˮ
ô
ȴһƨҵĴϣӿڴͳŻƷֽаߵ
ڲˡ
һûӦһָָҴһԴλá
ֻı߿ϣһʺѪһֱ쵽˵ذ塭ҵĴϡҵǰıϡ
һȳŸõζ˲˱ǶұŵĲᣬֱӴӴϱһ´ͽ塣
ʲô
ŵĿڣżֲ
ȴ˿£ҷĴ˼ŻƷֽ
˵Ҳ֣ĻƷֽһȻϺϢ߲٣ǹǵĸ˴롣
Ȼһ磬ʮһµ׵Ҳʮˬ
һĻƷֽȻȫ˴⣬̨ذ壬ϵѪȻҲƾʧˡ
ҿĴһ˵ЩʲôȴƵҵͷ
˯˯һ뱻ˣϾ͸о϶ǳˣܹʱ򣬿ǹ̥ſؿһֱ㴵
ҵͷһۣȴ۵ı飬ôе֣
ɵãɫһڣЦʲô
Ÿ䣬ȻЦ˵ûʲôûʲô
ȴ֪һǿʲô
֮˺þãһ죬٩֮Ҳ֪Цʲô
ﰲ̥Ļһ˵ڴϵ壬ĲϷŰۡ
ϸһ룬ⳡе㡭š
Ц˵Ǹ̥ǲ֮ǰ˵Ǹ
ҵ˵ͷɫȻʮأ͵̧ҵҡ
֮ǰҲûѪ
һһûӦô¡
˵˵̥ȻǺܶȴҲ֪һֱң϶Шӵġ
õШӾѪѪ϶ǾѪ֮Ѫָϵġ
Ҫ˵ΪʲôָϵѪҲ˵ףֻǸҾ˸˵ܶԼҧָ֮ģž֡
ҺпڲʱָϵѪԳռˣô̥ߡ
Ȳ˵̥ǿ󲻺ɱɣ˵ôСһӣѾǳ֮󻹱аĶֻأ㣬µȥ
οɱ˵¡
Ļϸ룬ԼûʲôѪʬҧǴα̽ƵʱйֻЩѪá
شȴһɳһɫë޴£ҵ˲䡰ͨͨ
ǡǴΰɣ
ҵıԽԽѿǲ뵽ʲôˣ
ɫɷ׵ĵ˵ͷ
֮ǰǼѪɫ£һκָˣѪȥˡ
һæҡ
ǼѪɫģ
С
ҵĻ䣬һҵ֣Ұ˯»£ͳȥ
粻ϵĹҵ֫Ҷ񾭲ˣȴһ߿ҴȥСǼѪɫ£һ߻ҿĥ䡣
ڣѾҹ賿ֵͿһˣҲǳϡ١


038 
Һ򲻵ȥСҵĵʿ˲ͣڽֵҹ䣬ұĿҪУҪȻȥһٺǱСѪɫµʱһɫĵʿͣǵǰ
ڳס˺Щ꣬ûɫĵʿЩϡ棬Ҫȥر꣬ȴݺݵһסҡҡͷ
һûӦֻΪΧʲôתͷĴ˿ûпʲôŹֵĶջͷ뿪壬ȴ͵һңžҵķܻȥ
Ȼ͵ıһ˲ˤȥòסҪͷʱȴ͵
ͷ
˵յƣֱͷڵҪǻͷһյ׼˵ףļ硭
ֵǣ󲻵ûнŲʮְֻҺ˱ܵ
ܵĺܿ죬쵽ҶЩϲ
ҺڵĵطļﻹЩ룬˺þãҵȶҪ˵ʱСӰû
һҲ̲סҪͷɲǣȴݺݳһһײΧǽײۡ
ҡ˻һü뿪˵ȴɫʮأ˳Ŀ⿴˹ȥȴǾȻܽͬͬľͷˡֳ
һɫֽݺݵײǽϣײЩͣССֽ̼䱻ײ֧飬ֽĳűײʻһֱֽӵ˰ӡ
µǣֽ˵ͷ­ȻײɵҵĽ£һűĻ׵һ׺а˷ǣټ΢΢ЦĴ촽ŵĻëȫ˿
ֻֽ˻ıȻȦĻҪֲĶࡣ
ҵ֣СߵֽԱ˿ƷֽԶ
ҿֽȼĻĲʮֵˡ
Ҫû´Ļֽ֮ǰɫʿҪǵʱûң
·뵽˺䲻ĻŵĶ˶Ÿ峯źͬȥ
ھײɵֽͷ­ǰʱͣӽͷ­𣬿ĳһȴֽյĵط
Ҽˣһ
ȥ·ûڷʲô飬Ҳûڷʲô⣬Һȴһ·仰ûнֱ˼ſڣŽŵɲ٣ͷһ۵
ǼѪɫºпѾСˡ
һɫʱ˳塣
ô֪
ȴҰԿ׸߿űߵ
˼ǻȥƵһѵ벻ȥѪɫµ𣿡
ôһ˵ҽüͷ˲滺˲٣˵Ҳԣôа
ҺһһжƵ޷죿
Ҳ֮·ǲµ룬ڵ
ˣӦò
ʲô
һ⻰𣬶ʱЩûסֱӿһ䡣
ȴȴݺݵıĳĸ֡
Ŷݼס
䣬ҵݺһ顣
ҲȴҲ˵Ŷݼס
Ŷݼǵķֱ֧Ϊѧ׾߲εԤѧڹŴųƵ֮Ϊ컯֮ѧ
ڹŴľŶݼǲ
һаѾܿˣһŶݼ׵ˣ£
ΪĶеʱȷˮҪ׼ϲ٣ȻߵԤѧĳν
һܶаתŶݼ׵ˣһ൱µĵˣŵ˵ֻҪ룬԰Һгһ
ⶫҲб׶˵ģͬһ֣ھ֮ڲظȥ㣬ȻҲҲñƳɲзϡ
صɴֱҵıң˯ǰѻƷֽ˷ССصĵط
һҹΣ˯Ļ㰲ȣڶһ㱻ҴȥСҡ
仰ĵЩ⣬첻˵ѪɫºпܱߣΪʲôҪȥСң
Ұʳڣȴһ֡

һֱûֱֵҵСſڣţһƬǽӣ塣
Ȼ֪һƼ£֮ǰСﶼûҶͰûҪͻ·ΪʲôȻ
ɿһƬǽģҿԿ϶С֪ߵʱû·һֱ·ڼġ
Ҳһ㵽·˸֣ǽ·ġҲ̫ù
ҾСҪס͵·ġ׾ٲôԼﲼ֣п͵·ġ
벻ͨǣ̥ԼҲѾˣ·͸ҵģӦûҪ͵ԼͳȥĶɣ
һɲǣѾһŰľһżŻƷ䱸߽С
ҪϻãģϣȻôôֵļӸС
ֻ󷭷ֿҲ˲ٶȴɵһһֱվſĶһʱЩȤȻ󵨵Ŀ˽
ûĴ˻ҳԺĿ϶һս
ûұ㿴սҵķ䣬ȥһСľϣȴоºȻһݣذˡ
ذҲûֻ̫࣬Ĵ̫ңЩ̫ʵҲγݵֻţȴ͵ش˸顣
رĺãҵȴ˿ܲů⡣
һֱǵҵĽð𣬶ҽ¸ûֱò
뿪ں壬Χȴľ屻ƿ
ʱҲſҽ²ȵĵʲô
˵ҽŲȵģ˵Ǳˡݺݵһס
˳ֻҽֿ˹ȥȴһķϵӲ϶ҷЦģұһŵĺȫ亹ʪʿˮ뺰塣
һ룬һֱû֪Ľ󴦺Ȼһʹ۵Ҳվסֱ˵ذϡ
Ѿʧ
ǰҽһҧҽϵĲǱˣǸþﺰĹ̥
״ɫһףɫȻʮѿֻӿڴͳһķĩҵĽϣ͵ؽҴӵ
ȳȥ
𣬿һȴӲĲУʹӽ󴦴̼ҵ񾭡
ֱұдСһȵȣȥȥ
ãͷ󺹵˻ŵһŴ׸ҵ˿ڴŻʹ
ЩŴף¾Ȼ漣һһοʼڡ
ҲʱѾŴ״ҵĽÿҧ˿ڣҡ
ǲǸ̥
һɴ˫͵صͷô֪ģ
Ҫ֪ʱǹ̥ӵʧˡ
ҵĻ䣬ϿһĨҵĿҲ񿴰׳ա
ôС˿ڣ˹̥˭
֮ҲûǿʼһûеĹʬڴ֣οյ£
˵ôĹڰ֣չ⣬ûֵĹָĳоͰ͹Գǡ
ӡУδôġˡҲֵٰ֣ʱҪô죬Ҫô죡
³򣬸οһССĹ̥У˰Ҳ˵һȻСҵŹϣ˵Ǳȥˣָ滹ʲôɾĶ
˵⻰ֱһص˾ҡ
ȥ·ϣԲûұǿȥϾѪŨˮˣңҲƲȥ
ҲԿÿÿŶݼ׵ʱʮּɻ䣬Ŷݼ׵ļɻ䲻а
ЩȻǱһؾˣұ̥ϵʱҷûʲô֣
ȴҡҡͷ˵ûУֵǹ̥ôĶҳ֮ŸӦģ֮ǰûŵ
˵ͷ˵ȴҶ߽ȥС壬Ҫ֪ΪҺãΪС尲ߵļ
ϾûõʱСҹһȥסģҪϵǶСЭˣ
ԺԸ
һ뵽ƣҲɵû˸ʱҲѾ˾СſڣʿͣҸ³ֻȻҵ㿪ſ˿ɫȻɷףܿ㱻
˼ſڣԶԶͿǰڷһ״ұ𶯣ȥŵʲôҼٶ͵Щˡ
ΪҸĶ
ɵãһס壬ŷӦԼЩˣһɿʱЦЦ˵
͵ſڵģȥɡ
һģ·Щ֣Ŀһʵ
㲻װǹ̥ʬ尡
ҡҡͷ˵£ȴôⶫûط䡣
˵Ų壬ĶĲܿ
·ǼȥѾҲûңȴҰѰýɲ˾䡣
㲻𣿡
Ļ䣬˲мΣԼðľٶӲԼܸоˣο壿
ĵ׺ݺݵһŶЦЦ˸ԼŵĻѡ
ŴǳɵĿص䡣
ϣĺܿ죬оԼŵĺҪˡ
ţǷŸҷġ
ĶȻҲҵģȴЩ´ˡ


039 
ŸҷĶŷǳ򵥣жҪңѾ˾ſڣСĵ㣬Ķκ˿
ֱ˵ǿ϶Ầҵġ
һŽ򿪣һȴ֣ŵģȻһ飡
ⱾҳѾˣԿĳԶӣҳֻд֣
һʱЩûⱾ鵽õģ
ҽ鷭ݵʱҵĺ˲һȻвµĶиңȴû뵽ô졣
øոû忴Ȿ飬Ȼҹƻʧȥѡ
ǰ׼֪аģⱾа鴫ңҲĺ
͵һ£뵽˷ҵ״ұһͽⱾ˳ȥ
ﲻϸɷƽİ취̥Ķصһ
ŷûҳͰŪĶ˳ҪڷȥصĶƶˡ
ǣôһ飬Ϊʲôڷŵϣʲôˣ
ңⱾ鴫ҵΪϲңҸ˼̳УԼ˽ģ
ַ˼ҳҺݺһҧⱾؽ˹񫣬ڿ
ұ˭аҿԳɳĺܿ죬ǲ֪ࡣ
Ҳаһ·ҪĶҵҲᷢ츲صı仯
ڻû˱Ƶ·ϣԻûаĵز
Һݺݽ۾ϣѾһƬȥ巿ŵʱȴѾڷ䣬ȥֻյһš
뿪죬ʦǱ߳ˡ
ˣ塣
ҿţĪĿʼԽԽĻš
ڵʱѾƵĲУһߣҪ¾ս
ȻҹұһӤһһģⰲҹԵΪˡ
ҽŵʿˮ֮ǰҷĻƷĴtһõʱ
Ҳϲtã˵ӤˣӰӶûǹĿȴԽԽԽԽ
ֱͷϺȻһʶȴԼѪ̧ͷһŵ˲Ӷԭء
ڿ˸ʱʱǹ̥Ȼ컨ϣ·ǲڿȻſڶҺ
豧
ʶľҪӣȴԼûȾŵһŨŨʬ컨ϵĹ̥ȻѾҵļϡ
ֻоԼֻ첲ҪֱˣһֻŻƷڲϷ͹̥ӣüҪƷֽڹ̥ϣԼˡ
۵ǿĿ⣬ЩĲ̡
̫Сˡ
ûüۿһ磬ͱĶɱ󻹱˹
ҵ۾ϵıֱգ˫ֲڲ
ɱ̥ףһҪմȾõİ취ǳȣǳһ̥ôף
ҹԳҲ֪˶ǽأȻҲɱ̥һ̥ҲûŪҸ̥ĵز
һĹҾȻ̥ҵСϣһ˫Ŀͷ
裬Ұѵܵô
һ仰˲ŵĻһ飬Ҳ˼ô࣬Ʒֽݺһ󣬾ͳ̥ȥԤƵģǽһѸ٣һܻصҵĶ֮ϡ
ÿصҵСϣҵСһݴ̹ǵĸоҪȥҶĺӲҲñŪС
ԺڿٵתܻطȥǱȴءһű˴˿ҶϵҲ˲ʧ
͵ػڴܿӣȴֻ˹ԳЦЦ
ֻһֻ̥ҷЦһųŪЦ⡣
ˣ
û˵ֱֻŹԳǡ
Ц滢粻ˣԸȥǸ̥
·ǼҺ£۵׵ЦŨˣߵҵǰһұǽǣһֹҵ°͵
ңü
ҺݺһŤͷ°͵ִ䣬뿪ںϻ
ҿ
ңҴĹֶ̥һģֻ̣Լѡˡ
·ԱҪѱҰèԳǵ۵ҲǽĹ̥ᳯһף󿪿ڡ
Ǿòݰ
ұۣзĬž롣
ٲʲôʱǸͷ
ʲôʱ򣬲ſ˸ң嵽Ϊʲô
ȻҵĲһ˫Ѿա
ۣ㿴Գǳŭ˫
һ뻹ЦһѾŭˡ
粻ʣȻʺ
ЭǾþ뻹𣿡
Գᳶ˳ǣм
·𱳵Ҳ֪顣
ǡ
СҲ϶һȥ
ΪҲ֪벻ˡ
ҵƤݺһ飬Ȼʶһ䡣
Ϊʲô
䣬ŷԼ¶㡣
Ȼһұ㱻˺ݺݵڵذϣŵǹԳǳŭ
Ҹıˡ
ûҴӵ𣬱Գֵ
㲻Ը̥ΪöĺӣǾİɣ
ӣ˲ɴ˫ۣҪѯʣȴԼݺݵ¡
㣬ոѾ¶һΣҪٱ¶һΣҹҪԳǣˡ
ҹֻܾԳǳĽŲᣬ
ֻǰ£һʮҵͷ
Ϊʲôãǰأ
仰ֱʽҵĿ
԰
ΪʲôΪо𣿻Ϊʧľ˵Ϥ
һ룬Գٴοڡ
֪ģ԰ɣ


040 
ĪģԤУС壬Ǳ޷֪ڹԳֻ֪һֱûʹ
ҪĻȴֺԼ¶ɫɱĺֻܽԼ֪˿жôĿ
ɹԳôױƵģ
ҷӦȻ˵ˣ
ЦЦֱĿңҿ޲һֱϡ
Ц
ȻԳǺȻ˵˾䣬㲻֪һǲ˵ˡ
һıؿڣ֪Լβʣ´̸£ɾͲ֪ʲôʱˡ
֪˵
ҵĻŸ䣬Գ۵׵ЦŨˡ
ڲ˵ˡ
ǽһ
Լ̫СԼߵȫļƣԼŪڹƣȴûз֮
֪ԳǶ˵ˣ϶
Ҳôûˣǵ˴һǣҲȥˡ
ҵϽָһ˫ͫɱûб¶Լʵ뷨
ȴĿԳ۵ףһ˿ȡ
û뵽ҶˣںõĿ
ֻ˵ദˣԽԽԸϰߣüۣ˵
ңҲһȻѧ˸߰˷֡
Һ͹ԳǶ˺ܾãģû֮ǰôֱʱҾҲͦ壬Լûκ̡
󣬾ǹԳЭĿ⻺Ųҡ
ôž𣿡
һʮֵȻ
µԳһ˵Щʲô
Ȼһҡ
ҪǾĿأ
û˵Ѿ˾
˲˲ãοҵģѾڿ϶ˡ
ҪζҲûҪ;һˡ
϶һ룬õ׼׼
ҪǾӽĻĿģôҲҵѡ
ϾԼһ¸ҵ顣
·Ǵҵп˿϶ԳǵĿ⾹ȻԽԽһ顣
֪Ϊʲô𣿡
֪ҪǲӦԳǣǾԲҵģڰֽʵ
Ϊʲô
飬һҵģһǾģһǻյġ
Գǿڣᵽյʱصض˶٣һʱЩ׼յ˭
Ͼ⻹ҵһ֡
е£Գǲٴ˵
嵱屣ߵģֻʣˡԿ桭
ԳǵĻû˵꣬ͱԳߵİ뿪Ĵٴα߿
һŨصѹѹҶЩԴ
Ŀת⣬ȴһӰɫֵʮˡ
ű߷ɵʱٳЩ·õĵ׺Ӱ̻ļʡ
ҿӰ˫䣬ȻỨ
Ǿ롣
ˡ
Ĳٰ˸޷Ųۡ
ȴڹԳǵǰͣһ˫̧𣬶׼˹Գǵߡ
㡣
Ǿ룬ܻŻ
ռ䣬ԳѾվӡ
һɽݲ˶
仰䣬ѾԸܵԵĻ𻨡
һ룬뽫תƵҵϣԣҹȥ
ûţԳѾһסҵ֡
۵׳˾档
˼ԡ
Ҫ֪£ͱȥ
Կ϶ֻҪһƲԳǣǾԲٺ˵ˡ
ôվڹԳߣ
ԥѾŵһɴζ
еʱ˳ɲŮ˲
Ҹ뿪ڸ붯ȴֹԳǰҵָˣϻûš
ȥ͵ùȥ
Գǻ䣬ǱȴЦˣ˫ҵ񣬳š
վҵߣѵվǱߣ
ֵţԳҲ˿ʾĿתң˼ѾԽԽԣһɱ⡣
ǾԼѡ
Ļ˵꣬һֻڶڲԭˣ
ʱ򣬰׸Ҳǵ
жูڲöԸˡ
ǿ϶ѡġ
ķǳҪҪŪȥͲɵһƵתҳᣬ˶Ը֡
ЩԥΧĿѾԽԽˣŸްڣʼԷ
ԽԳǵϾԽǵ⣬·ȫ綼֪ռϷƵġ
ҲŽĿת룬ȴĶѾмֱŭ
ҶʱŵҲ벻̫࣬һƿԳǳžȥ
ǲûȴٴαԳǺݺקסĿûңǿ룬ɻȴǶ˵ġ
ǲǵҸոպ˵Ҹıˣ
û˻ӦҲ⣬ǻҩζŨļ
֮ǰһֱľԼңôǡһƥҰͷϳԭ
˵۵ʱصؼ·ھǰ˵ң̼롣
Һ͹ԳǸûκιϵԭôһ˵
ֻоԼٲƲϵ˵ȥƺӶϴˡ
ҪƲԳҵֻ֣ȴˣƵԽԽ
뾹ȻҲǰҵһֻ첲Ϣţ䵽ûаֻȡ
ſ
š
֣ǴӹԳǵбĳƵģҧгݵˡ
ҵֶǳΪֿҪϵʱ
һ롣
һ㣬ʮĬɿҡ
ɿҵ˲䣬Ϣײڿ
ֻءһΧǽھȻһͻᱻλƽصĸо
еĲķ飬˽ӶЩ
˵Ϣȴڲ


041 
Ϣµʱ򣬹ԳǺȻ̧룬һ
Ҳϲ֮Σ
һûʲô˼ԳǾȻֱת߳˾Ҵţ뿪ǰбһۣ۵׵˼Щ׽͸
ڹԳǵӰʧߵеʱҾȻŵһѪȵζüͷһ뿴Ǵﴫζʱһ־ɫȻԽԽ԰ס
ȥȴѾˣֻءһӦء
£׹Գȥǰǻ˼
֮ǰŹһΣҲоˣҲ˾һΣ
Ǿǻ壬Ҳûκ˿ڣѪζǴģ
ҸѾӵק𣬲һֻ֣㱻һ˦
ҿԡ
У޾
Щ쵽׷ʲôôصˣȻǿװĺûƵĺ͹ԳǶԳ֣
ֻݺҧӵվ𣬲ɺĳ¥ȥҸں棬üζһѣȴӵĳס
ֱԼſڣŽȥˣŻͷŸңϵѪѪҲõģȻȥ˯ں˵
޾ƣŶЩۡ
˼䣬ѾŹϣһվԭء
һҶڴϷȥ˯ž
ֱҹҸм˯ʱȴһŲûжһīƮҵıǼ⣬һݣ뾹ȻҹҵĴ
һְֻԵ§ҵһѽ§뻳У°Ͷҵͷϡ
˯
Ǳˡ
ڵ˯ţ
ҸۣͷŲȴһעҡ
Щȥ
û˵
֪֪Һܵ㣿
ǲ˵
⼸캰֣иܵ𣿡
£ŵ˵ͷ˵˸֡
С
£Ҳһ
ܸܵҵĿ־ҵĺ£ȴ޷ңӦñһżɣ
˭û˵պȻ
סĵطЩƫƧ϶ѵģȫЩ紵ݶҶµ
ȥûԼʬ壬ȴԼʬһܡ
˶٣Ȼڡ
Ҳ˼ĵɴ˫ۣԼʬһܣ
ѹ˵ϵѪģΪʬѪ
˵뽫§ĸˣȻҡ
Сһʲôˣ
⻹ǾһС塣
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ʾ롣
ûõʬ壬С𣿡
Ͼȥʬ£СԳǶ֪ǼƿǼݶء
ҵĻŸ䣬ȴ˳ǣ¶˸ҿı顣

֪Сûƾ룬һû˳ȥȴ뾹Ȼ벻ȥ壿
һҡͷȴ۵׾Ȼżֿ
Ҫ֪ұʱ̾Ͷ˵ϵңǧ壡
϶ʲôõĶ
һλȥΪȥʱûз֣һе㲻ٻȥˡ
ҪھܾȴɫЩ۵һĨ¡
£ҵľܾҲ˵ڣ˵ͷʡ
ʲôʱ򣿡
졣뿪ڡ
ĵײЩ죬ô
˵ͷû˵
ȴЩ֣ʲôᣬȥֻϺȣΪʲôȥ
;ӵߣڶһ磬Ǳһקġ
ҽôĶʰһ飬Ҳ֪ôģȻѷŸҵǱҲװ˽ȥ
Щһþ¥ˣȻҴаȥͲ̫ˡ
ȥǰһǸ巢˸ţ˵˾ҪԼȥ£˺þãҲûظҽֻ˻
Ժ緹;̤˻ءҡ·̡
˵Ҳ֣ȥ·ѾǵһˣλȴϴλҪš
һڰһֱƮоԼ߸˿
۾룬ȴһûӣһʮֵĵȻһǣûκα顣
ۿͿҪҺ;Ҳ쵽ĴſˣǾ룬ȴڴͣ˽Ųͷҡ
ûãԽԽ죿
ҡҡͷ˵ûа㲻Ŵ
û˵ֻҼŴȥֱ̤˴ӵĵؽ磬ĵĴһ䡣
ܸо֮󣬷ʲô
ұ⻰һ˵ųһ亹
һǵ÷ʲôŻþ⸱飿
ϴһҺ;ߵСֻûг̼ҵķߣĿĺȷֱ¥
¥ЩԶԼĪСʱһ·̡
Խ¥λãԽоЩ䣬Χķ紵ϣֱˡĴ
ģұЩ״ͷһۣԼϵ£ҵϣʵ
𣿡
ҽŴҡҡͷ
ҼǰȥߵƫԶɽ·û̫˲ȹԽµʮһܲȿհֻš
ֵǣԽ¥µԽԽײȿա
ͷ𣬳¥ķȥ
ɲûȴͣ˽ŲЩ죬̧ͷͣ£ȴһϣһŮӡ
һʬ廹ڷҡҡλΣټɫ֣ˡ
˿̣ΧȻӿֳ̣֡
ϸһȴʲộ

ǲҵĿ⣬Ǿʬ徹Ȼ̧ͷûͫ׵ĿⶢҿһۣǹһĨЦݣһһҪ˳
ʱ뾹ȻҴϷ£˵˾ߣ¡
һûӦȴΧĿ˼֡
;˵ȴĿ˲䣬ԾȻһʬ塣
һ˲佩ӲУתͷ˿ܡ
ǡ
߽ʬ


042 ײ
ֻ˲䣬ΧϵŮʬȫ̧ͷ˫ֻ۰׵˫۶Һ;롣
ɫǣһ紵ϵҶͳĴ
Һµʿˮ
ȻѾǵһμʬˣǴǰļֳϣ
ΧӶѵʲôڵ졣
ҺµĶЩ̧ͷȴڴʱסҵ˫֣С˾䡣
𣿡
ҵ˵ͷͷ˲䣬С˵˾䡣
£ҡ
䣬ӣӵץһʯͷûҿĶұ㱻ѵˮļ£һԾ뿪󷨡
Ծ˲䣬ֻץʯͷֻһӣһ룬ۣۡ
ͷȥǼŮʬʱ򣬷Ѿȫ£üȫһöϸС˿ڡ
ɾͷҲأ¸û˿ͣ٣һҾͳ¥ķȥ
˵Ҳ֣ԴӾֱ֮ߵ¥ǰҲû顣
վ¥ǰĪĸܵһŨŨϯ
رǿǰŵյڿҡҷĴ׵Ҹɵô˸
ûҽȥͣ˽ŲվǰĴҲ֪ЩʲôṴһ˿һƿ¥Ĵš
֨ѽһʧ޵Ĵű򿪣һɳѾõùζҵıǻһûסݺݵĴ˸硣
ź¥ŷ֮ǰȻ˴ֵͲ
ɵãҽֻӿڴ˳ƣȴһѰ£ҡҡͷ
𿪵ơ
ܿҸʣȴѾҴһľš
¥ܴÿһ㶼෿䣬ֻϴûд򿪹κһ䣬ӣҪ¥˸ˡ
ֻͦģĹ餲¥
Ҹʾ룬ȴ˵˾Сġ
ұ仰һһûŪСĵʲô볯˼
ʱԭҵ־Ȼ˿ֱ§ҵļ
СĽ£ʲôأ
Ļ䣬͵صͷɫŷֽһֻ󣬶Ҳ
ֻǹŨī㵲˴롣
СĵԽֻʬ壬ž뽫һ飬Ҳûʲô㳯ŵڶȥ
һ¥ķкܶ࣬ϸһ־Ȼʮⶰû˸ҽ¥ʮָɾһȾİ軹ȫͬ
µǣÿͬλöһֻ͸˵
ֱǽһ¥ˣҲûôҪ
ֱҪҵ̤϶¥ľ¥ݵʱŻͷһ䡣
ûãϴʲô
Ĵûоʲôҡͷȴһ紵ĺݺݴ˸
ԺΧƺһЩϸ΢ǰȴĳ˾侯档
Щ
һ˲ͣ½Ųʾ롣
ʬİɣ
˵ͷû˵Ѿ̤һԵľ¥ݡ
֨ѽ֨ѽҵĶҽŵĸھ󣬼˾䡣
ʬ壬ΪʲôҪȥ
£ͣ½Ųҡ
¥ķˮǳŹ֣¥ʵҲ¥ҪӲǸȥģҵˮۡ
ķˮ䣬λñ仯Ҳ죬ֻҵۣſȥ
һ¥Ҳ¥˼ĵɴ˫ۡ
Ҫ֪ҿġ塱񰡣
˴뱻Ӷ֪¥Ҳ¥ô֪ģ
˵ЩʲôȴѾƿ˶¥ĵһȷš
ӵĸֺһ¥Ѿ췭ظı仯Ӳ˻ҳһҾ߶ûãһһڵĹײŴŵλá
Ҫ֪ײԴڷˮǴף
û˻ѹײԼҴţǾˣȴӵżṳ̂ҽ¥ӵȫ˿
ڶĹײǴɫģǺɫģļǴɫġ
ʮӣΪڣ˫Ϊ죬Եʮֿ⣬ֱߵ˵ڶӣ̤˽ȥһƣǸɫײĵĹײİ˿
򿪵˲䣬һŨʬ˱ǶŵֻоЩѡ
ײĸմ򿪣ұһӹײĵûҷӦײȻһĿʬֱĿǡ
ʬѾϸаɫëӲĴ̴洩ŵİ¡
ұʬģһ
ɲ֮ǰӴЩʬɷ֮ʬ壬ǻĽʬ
׽֣ҵԺб˳ҲУȴҲ֪ܱɽʬģҪôǱʬأٰꡣ
ҪôǱ֮ǰһ伦ѪںҲʮꡣ
ܻɽʬģҲǻΪ͵ȵĺڽ
׽ô˵ҲеС
ұŵòʱȴûɢһѹ߰׽ŵԶɻ˹ײġ
Ҽ״ɵһѺ
ȴԹԵҳŶ¥һȥ
ŵģһߺľײġ
˵Ҳ֣ȻЩ䶼ûκΰ裬һǷźľײĵķɶȺľײСɣײģҪСһš
ھǰҪƿľײĵʱѾôӹײٱĳһֻӵ׼
ײİƿû룬ȴɵԭء
Ϊ߹ײģȻǿյģ
ҽĿת룬뿴ʲôӦȴȻЦˣĨԽԽԣСĳ˾䡣
˼
гӣһž߳䡣
·ʱĺľײģǲǺһһǿյġ
ǾȴƤЦⲻЦĶ˵˾䡣
Ҳǿյġ


043 
һЩţҲ֪ˣ󲽳һƿͣǸľײġ
׵˲䣬һصغ˼´ĳһֻӡ
Ȼ˵ǿյģ
ɵãҲĻͷһ۾롣
ô֪
ȴЦЦûشңһҾͳ¥¥ȥ
ֱ¥ſڣŴһ䡣
ʬ֮ǰЩ
ָǣǵ¥֮ǰϵŵǼŮʬ
Ƕ¥ľײĵʬ壬ôܵôԶȥ
ɵãҿʾ롣
ϴԼʬʱ¥Щײ𣿡
ҡҡͷ֮ǰ˵˵һ顣
¥ķˮ仯ĺܿ죬ÿһİṹһ
Ҳ˵֮ǰܶ
ʣȴûʳڣĵס
¥ʱѾðȫ򿪵׼ȴ룬¥Ȼͨˡ
Ŵţ͸еΧɭɭһ̧ۣ㿴ǽϣȫһŻƷֽ
ž뿪ŵĶһɷ磬ЩƷֽһɳɳɳ죬͹Եĸӿֲˡ
¥Ǳͨģʮֿɫղ˿λ֮⣬طһƬڣǸ޵׶Ƶģɢһɹζ
ζ˵еζְһɴ̱ϵζڱǼôôζ
ݺݵĴ˴ӣѾҳڰȥЩµʾ롣
𣿡
ֵָֻͲȴҡҡͷұ¡
ǲųǰûԭȴ򿪵ľžȻԶˣ
ϵ˲䣬谭һ˿¹⣬Ҳѹеһݡ
ֻоԼһƬڰܻţܺ£رζţûа΢䣬ȴɳɳЩֽ
һֽķ䣬ôô죬ôô
վԭػѾӲĲˣﴫ¶ȣ·⣬ȥҵȾǹǦƵģš
¡
ڰУ𣬿ӣ֪α顣
Һܺ£һҾȻȣСĸ
¥ľʽṹŲʱʱ֨ѽ죬ľͷЩ̤һԼʱܲȿյĸо
ţҲ֪˶ãΧڵֲָǰ·Ҳһͷ߹·
Ȼ۽ǺȻһӵĽﾹȻƾȼһյյɫ͵ơ
ÿյ͵Ƽףȴǽϵķֽҫĸӹ졣
Һµ̧ͷ뿴ǰ·ȴҺ;ѾҪߵ¥ĩˡ
ĩ˵룬ȻиΧĴȦȦڷһѾľӣӺܴ뻹һӡ
Ӵһɫۣһͷī磬ͷסӣȴһɹ׿Խζ
ϲһδɵĻ˸档
ֵǣӵĽ£Ȼϸһ֣ɲ˩ϣǴ¡
ԭӵùͱ̴ֻǱһͷīڣûϸǱ˾н
˱˾нܰڳȾ̬
Ȧӵļǰͣûǰһ˫ĶȦӣ̧ͷ뿴ı顣
ȴ־һ򲻽Լ¶ϵˣȻֳĨĨڴмĨ־塭
ںʲô
Ҹ뿪ʣȴһ鶯͵ؽתȦУȴнѾ̧ͷ
һ˫̧𣬿ҵλã۵׵ƳҸоڿҡ
ҿݵ˲䣬𾪵Ļһ
ΪʲôȦеӣһͷī֮⣬;볤һģһ
ҪǾվҵԣĻΪȦеӾǾװࡣ
ҽŵĺӣָоҿļң·Һһʱա
ǱĳֶͶųĵӰʵڡ
Ȼ˫ʼ죬żѪŽӣݶоδ
˲䣬ҵϺȻʹУǾ롭
Ҹհͷ̧𣬱һ˿ֻ̣˲䣬·ҵĿ⣬Ͻȥһ˫Ӵٵͫһ̲׵ı̶һƬƽ
ûκͷֻһۣȻ㱻۵׵ƬڰŵҺһϽŲעӸղ;볤һģһӵʱȻʧˣ
Χյյɫ͵ѾȻʧɫֻʣȦҸղŷһУá
ܺȻҲûκ죬ȼյžĿ¡
ǾȴȻɿҵ֣һʱЩ⧲˵ʲôʱ򣬾Ѿ߽Ȧ롣
ĹâҡϣȻηεĴ
ֻ֡

ҽӹ֣߽Ȧ֮ڣҲ̲סʾ롣
ոȦǻþǹôƾʧˣ
ûңǽĿעǰȼյ˵֡
þ
ž֧֧Ȼ۵յһƬ졣
һ뿪ʾ룬ΪʲôֻþΪʲôȦǹװкһģһʱ򣬾ȴһҵ֣Ŀ׼ҵ˫ۡ
һѪ
Ļ䣬ҵ۽Ƕ˶ʾ롣

ȴȻƽЦˣ
Ҫ޷ô˿Цôƽ
ֻĴ³֡
ۡ


044 ĹѨ
֪ΪʲôܸоԴӽ¥ԽԽ֡
Ҳû룬˾룬ӹ֮Ҳ֪ͳ˰ذףһ̣ҵʳָѪذ֮ϣѪȦӵ롣
ȥ˲䣬һҵ֣СģûҷӦֻоǰһڣһ׹Ϯٴ۵ʱֻоԼ˵ؽѣΧһƬڣǿζѾ¥
ߣʱʱˮ
һоȻȼһ֧һңһֳǰȥ
ʱҲſΧȫò
Һ;룬Ȼ˵صף
ӣ֪ҵѪԴˣ
ûҷӦȻҡ
㿴ոǸӺҳ𣿡
ҵ˵ͷ˵ֱһģһ
ȴȻĬˣĿ̫Զҵָ˼֣ĵģһ䡣
ƿ¥ľŵʱҾ;ú֣Ϊʲô˻ôԵĻ󡣡
ԣʡ
Ȧӣпܾҡ뿪ڣ˵껹˶٣֡

һʱЩһīҹװ
Ȼ֪룬ԳǶˣҴûŴ룬ôһ˵Ҳɵû˸
ϻ˶ãԹ˶á
ԳǺ;붼˼֣Сһˣôǣġ
ңղŻþľ룬Ǳ˴̴ùǾнĳط˭ô£н룬һڱٿһУ
ܸоһԽԽ˼ˡ
ĵ׵뷨ѹ£žȥԽΧԽʪҾȻʶѾ¡С
Ⱥӳ֮󣬵׻ᷢʲôȻ˭ûẢӣܸоҶĺŲɻȱĵλȻôǧټƵһУ
Χ·һƬڣܵǽҲ˿ӿݲβĺۼԿĶѨǴȻγɵģԽߣռԽЩСǽ嶼˺Ե˹ĺۼ
ҿҪΪߵͷʱȴһڣ˿ûԥһ֧һҾͳǸȥûãһ޴ʯš
ʯǽʮ־£ŵƣƱϾȻӵͼ̵쾡¡
ʯǰĵʯ񣬿־ʯ֮ϣΪʯʨ֮ȫͬǿһֻҴδĶֲ˵黹ʮ֣ر˫۾ҲŶ۾ܸоһܻƵġ
ΧһŪôϸʯȴͨУ˵ǵʲôͼˣʯϵǶûĥƽֱȥ
˵ʯûбκζΧҲûκʯָǸĹѨǴܵŷвӿ־ҪĹĴټ¥ŵĿǾĹײģɵ뵽òǾĹѨɣ
Ҹʾ룬ȴΧûб߹ĺۼɾϴβˣԼʬһ
ɵãҿʾ룬ȴƴпʵ⣬ҿ֮ǰ˵ˮ䡣
Ƿˮ
ûҶ룬Ѿҵһƿʯš
ŵ˲䣬ܸоǰʯʲôҳһȴûʲôĴĳȴеĸң֮ǰû
ĹѨĹ߱滹Ҫһ֧̫ľҲɵø˾뼸֡
һŨصĸζ˱ǶǺֱӴ˸̧ۿĹѨĲ֣ȴֳҺ;վ֮⣬Χ񡭡
վʬ塣
һ߾ʬ廹ȫŹװģϵ˻ҳҪÿʬͷ϶ŸŷͷףܱŸ
ĹѨǰһֱΪĹѨĽṹǵӾΧƷмŵǹײģɸĹѨеƫĻеԶ
ԽߣĹѨĿռԽʬԽ࣬Խ߻ļƤðľԽûܼ־֢ɻǱĵС
Щֻʬûթʬʱ򣬾ȴǷʲôȻͣߵһʬǰһÿ˴ʬͷϵͷס
ͷױƿ˲䣬ԵĸоһɶϮǾʬһɻǵϢ
ûҷӦʬ˫ۣеƵð
﷢ǺĴϢ
ұŵĲᣬ˼ȴֱתҼȥת˲䣬ʬֱӱһϢ˷ĩ
Ҷʱһ
룬һ
û˳ȴȻЦЦ
ڲߣЩʬɾҪըʬˡ
һ⻰ʱջһҲ˲źˣž͵سǰȥ˵һᣬҿǰһʯŵ˲䣬Ϣ
ǵϢҲԽԽŨˡ
ұܣ󵽵׷ʲôȴתͷ˲䳹׽סˡ
Ϊǰʬ壬ȻѾһ߾ߵըʬˣ
Χʬ˵ҲмǧߣҲЩʬŪҲᱻðʬ
ǰѾû·Һ;뽥ıЩʬΧм䡣
ļƣŵȽһżֿǻʾ롣
òѳӰɣ
û뵽뾹Ȼʮĵ˵ͷ˸ᣬ
Ŀʬ壬ѳ᣿
һ룬һѽƾմһˣҪҵʬɺԶ
ڵϢҲڲЩʬѾǣϢŷųƵģȻ˼
ûһȣҺȻ˼ײİ屻Ʒɵ֮ǰûﻹʲôײġ
뵽״ʲôط


045 Ȣ
ߴŻʬʬȺڿն𣬵ʱɢѹɢ١
Ҽ״ɵͷƤһ鱻ŵòᡣ
ܴɢѹġˡһǵһμ
ڿ⼸ʬɲǣҵָ˼֡
⼸ʬͷСǺöԸ
ɲǼ䣬⼸ʬѾҺ;Χм䣬ʱṥ׼
˵ģڿ⼸ʬ˲䣬Ҿ͸ҿ϶ǾƲ硣
ԳǲʬҲ֪þ˵ɣĿǰΪֹѾ˵ġʬ塱˵ģҲֻоˡ
⼸ʬ岻Ż毺ã¶Ĳֱ۶ʮַۣɫ԰׵֮⣬Խǽʬϵһ
ɲǣ뾹ȻͷһۣС
һߡ
ûҷӦ뾹Ȼ˲ƵűߣһƿŽ˽ȥ嶯һǳ˿ˮ
ɿҵֹŵ˲䣬ңѳӾû̫ΣˣѳӻңʣµԼСġ
Դһ£˵ʲôʱѾŹϣ˺ڰ
һƬڣ޷Ԥ֪ǰ·;¾ɵζ˱ǶһûעһںݺݵĴ˸硣
ҪͷȥҾ룬ȴ̾һ
ѳûгǼ߱Ƚʬ壬һʬ˵Һ;һˡ
ҿӣʮֵ磬û·ԽĹңԲŻôһʮյ·̰ɣ
վԭҲǸ취οķˮ䣬Լߣһĵ
ҴӿڴֵֻͲĴգȴǰľˣ
վŵ·֮⣬ΧƷӦоУ²ŵĵذ壬ǽġ
ǽϣϣȫýӸ̳һͼ
ʲôĹѨ̻Ի͵˵ǻʹҶţ
ֵֻͲ֮ǰҿΧǹײһ·׼ڳֵⳡЩ֪ôˡ
ǰ˭ΪʲôĹѨѳ˿ӣиɵйƷ
ΪʲôĹѨ¥ĵ£
ȻǺ̰ƣɿô౦˭ؼң
ҸȥҼȴ͵ջ֣˲侯ѡ
벻ڣĹĶһǱĺá
ʿˮҽͶȥĿջأСмСϣһߵ˵ס
ֵǣǰֵžȻľͷġ
ңúľĵһȴš
ԶҶܸܵһׯϵϢҪ֪ô׾ߵĹңһĻΪǰǾͷ
ʿˮҪƿȴţȴȴޱȵĳأþ̵ƿֺ
˺þöã۵ֱڴǰ
ŵȾ룬ȴȻдƵ
ѵý鱦ըɵ죬дƾ˷ĴҶߣһ
ҵĺ˲һСĳǰ˼ֵͲǰգȴЩƾ֮⣬ûκοɵļ
Ҳɵ³򣬷ż궼Ķôһ־Ϳʼըˣ
Ʒкܶ࣬ϵҶ𣬰ŵ͵һͷͳȺľųȥƴƵʹҪƿţȴ޹
ԽԽСҵľȻӺһţһߵɴ˫ۻͷȥȴƷϾȻ˼ɫӰӡ
Ҽ״ǱһǴ˿ѾƷˡ
ֻʣ½ŲƬ
˵˹֮·ûʲôΣôĵطܽûΣգ
һĽŲһ߼Ķʼ㵸ˣľȴʬŻҪͦʲôٶӶҲ
ҼĶҪˣӰҲԽԽˡ
֪ǹˣһôģԽҽǱԽߵߴϸ΢ĽŲϳеĿ־塣
žણžડ
žણžડ
ֱҸоЩӰѾ˾Ҳһ׵λãŻӲͣжڻͷ˲䣬һƨֱ˵ذϡ
ڹ̫ҸЩӰӵǹȴͣ˾Ҳ׵λýҰΧм䡣
һѹָȻҺµĲϺˣԼ˵ȥȴţɵȵԼҪþĴǡ˿
ҺµѾûԭػһߺЩӰڲ乥ңһڲѵİ취
Һ⼸ӰӾںڰ㿴ңҿ㿴˺ܾãȴκζ
һĪļðҾȻҲˣಡһ´ӵվվ˲䣬ҽö˳
ô˵аؼʱ̻ܱģ
Ҹȴվ˲䣬⼸ӰҲˡ
ûʲôңʱŵ˻ȥ
ҵĶŭǣҵĶ߾Ȼһ󡣡ĹЦ
ЦﲻϻǴԶģֺ񡭡Ǵǰġ
ٴνĿջأɫȴŵࡣ
ǰӰӾȻϡ
ԶĵĵŹЦŵЩ˳
ûҷӦĺľžȻԶ˿һûע⣬ֱӳһˤ˵ذϡ
һͦ͵شӵҪӣȴӰקסһɱĴҵȫ
ֱҷĵǴľźģ͵
ѹָղӰӲҳ֣ԭںͷء
ĵԽҵɫԽԽɷס
һɲԤдļðֻϣ
һ룬ҵǰһӣλ׵ĺӰ̧ŽӻûκڴŴŹģɶĵȴɺϡ
̧ŽӵӰԵϴŵľףǡɴճĩ
쵽Уļ̣ͱŵӵʱѾӰӺݺסһѾͶǶӡ
ûҴӽ顱һűϣôúûҲ˵Żرʵõֶˣ춼ûơ
˵Ҳ֣Դӱ˽֮󣬶ǹǺĵһʧ˵ʮְҳԼĺӵĵ֮Ҳûκ
ǱͿģȴȻ
ܾҵģֻԼˡ
һŪңӦòộȢҵ˳˾ʣ¹Գˡ
ǹԳڱֽţұϣģϾҲ֪޹ģһֱƣҵĶԹʱûǣҵϡ
е
һѾ𽥻ָǣʼ
ǾĹ̺С嶼֪£Գǲ֪ܲǰҲǲܡ
Ҿ˵ղžþ֣ȻǼʬЩУѳӵʬҲܶ࣬ҲڵҶԵĵزɣ
Ͼʱ߲ȫģ
ټϣ¥֮ǰͽ¥֮󣬾ɫ޵Ц⣬ҺȻЩȻ
롭
òͶһаɣ
뵽ǿ겻ģʱܸоڵİǽԤס
ӵǽϵյ͵ƣ۽ôǲϨ𣬷ԽԽȴҲմ˼¡
ȴ޷ҵմȾ֣ڸղǼӰûаҵıߣҽĽңаͬȫ߬С
ȻаٷֲԸȥⱾаݣڱҪģ
ҽҵУģһֲֻϵķаݣҲԼö˼飬ȴҲһЩʶ
һҡι󣬽ӺȻͣѸٵĽⱾаԼĶƤϣ󽫰ͽҽУһŵעΧĶ
ֻꡱһű˴˿һųߵĺӰҵߵУû˵³
ʿˮСĴⶥŲ̤ϵ˲䣬ֻоһʮϢҶûһ̧ͷȴɵԭء


ҡһ˺ܶΡ
վԭĶʮֹȴʧլӣֻլӵ֮ϣһҡ
˸
˸ǰռɫɫˣҪ˵ˣ̧ˣΪɫɫġˡ￴һģһȫֽˣۡ㣬ȫ˺ɫĲճеϲֹ졣
ûұ㿴͹ԳǰõǼá
һֱΪ﷢һУֻΣȴ벻Գǻ﷢һаᵽʵ
ǣҪȢң
ȻһŲò£Ҷ֪竵ĽŲ˹Գǻ˭
Ȼһ룬Գǵ
þò
·ÿһԳǶ˵ĸ֡
תĿ
ȴЦʮֲã֡
Ȣ㡣
ҵĿһֺݺݵָԼĶƤϣʹԳǡ
㲻ҶĺӲȢ𣿡
䣬ұԳǵɫһ䣬Ǵż΢ŭֻƬ̣ȻЦˣǰ˼ңһҵ°ǿӣ˵˼֡
㲻˵Ҷˣ֡
һ⻰˲һֻоԼߵ塣
ûҶ룬ԳȴȻɿңһµЦݵ
㣬ͦġ
˶٣
ҼǵãҺ˵˺ܶ飬Ȣ㡣
ҽŵŴû˵ȴôҲ벻ףԳôô죿
Һ͹ԳǶãȴ޷˫һпκɵգԼ߬еİ塣
·ʶĶЩ󣬹Գǵ˵ͷ˿ĶĿ⿴ĺӰƤЦⲻЦĿڡ
˷ȥ·
ձϣұ㱻ǼӰֱƫ
ԶҶܸܵԳǹǿҵĿⲻעңҪɱˣҹƶɱ˼ٻˡ
ұӰױ̨֮ϣܺ£ȴֲ¡
ҺµǾ롰ҡ
µž϶ҡ
գۼ䣬ҵϾͱɷףŮͷҲ˷ڣһҶʮϣںӰҪҵ·ΪҴϼµʱ͵˫ۣЦЦ
·Լ


046 
䣬⼸Ӱӱɿ֣·ҵУָָһԵʾҿԽȥ·ȴһվԭضҡ
С·ܵһԵֱ·ȫãһ
ҿɲİ֮ǰҷСǼϻпرԵĺɫѪҲµģֻʱɫѪ·˽ȥȴ˳
СĵĽͷ˳ȥȷǼӰûڿңŽŸҵǱаԼĶƤһУŴҡڵ˳
ûұɧ·ˣɵЩţʿˮ⼸Ӱ˵ЩʲôʱȴһѼ˳ȥ
ȥ˲䣬ұܵһʮϢɳܴұۣòۣȴΧͺӵԺڱ׺˸ֺɫ
һۿɼƯ˿֮Уֻоһɱ
ԺվɫɫӰһһģһһ졣
ԳǴźǼһģһװվԺһңûҿ¡
·Ҿ֮֮·ӡ
һеһУ﷢һģһΨһͬıǹɹٵķɫ׵ķϣ۴˿̵ĹԳǣǽһ档
Χֵ֣·һи޷ںϣξ֪ڷһѾΡ
еķҵǰ
ҲշȴǼӰӲϵ˹ԳǵǰҵֽС
ҵ˲䱻ԳǺݺסʹҰٰ㲻ԸȴûѳɵŭĿݺݵĿһۡ
ͥڡôֽ꣬˵棬ԳʮĵͷҵĶߵ
𣿡
û˵ֻɫҵ飬ȴȻЦˣЦݵɲǣַҵĲһḧһ߿ڡ
ʲô
ûشȴ˵
ⳡϻţ治㡣
һһЦմ³ȴԳֵ
Ǿõʱ򣬾뻹ܳ𣿡
һ˵룬ҵĺһ̣۵׵ɫ˼֣ȴԳȫС
Գ۵׵ĳԽԽŨҵҲ˼֣ת߽õ˲䣬һ仰ɷҵĶߡ
Ҹƾ룬мƶ㣬Ͳȸں˭ǻȸǿſ
һ˵⻰ʮֿ϶ʮְ˲临
ҹ뵽ʶƹԳµľ棬ȴû뵽ԹԳǵͣô᲼оֳ
ҵǻͨͨͣԳǽյֵֻľȻҲʼ亹
þⲻԶԳû߼㵽ſڣȴżǰͣ½ŲͷЦ
˼ҹΣĵط˽飬ӦǼͦҸɣ
ҵϹżּûлӦ
ԳҲû˵ҵĲãҵĿȴתǰ֮ڡ
ñõĹϲ죬мĺ첼һ˽ϲ֣ϲϣȴһƣƵǰ滹˸̳̳ϲ֧ոյȼ𣬶һ֧м仹˿ɫϲ֣һ԰һһŮֽˡ
⡭
ȴµġ
µǣǿ֮ϲ˹Գǵ֣ҵֶһ档
ǽһƣ޲ôӿڴͳһѵݺݵڹԳϻ
վ֮ڣԳҵָӽ˼֣ǻһĨ޵Ц⣬˸޷۵׿ʵ뷨
һֽߵҵǰǺ޵õҺ͹ԳǵǰԳ񻨵һˣʾһˡ
Ҷ˸ۣȴԵĽһֱҵУ۵һĨɱ⣬һĨ档
ұ¶ɱ⣬Ѿǵһˣεȴ֮ǰŨϲ٣ŵɫһףĵĴӹǰ񻨡
ĵʱ쳹ҵĶߣҽӹǰ񻨵˲䣬ԳǵɫʱһĨЦ⣬ҾȻЦпһĨϲ
һ͵شҵĶߣ˲䣬һɤӺġʱ
һȻڡˡȺз˳̾ӰҸĿ⣬ȴ̺ɱĿⲻϴҵĻ
֣ʨӶ˵ĸоҸҿ϶ҪǸһɱңһᱻƤ
ƤȻһֻо˰ģҲŤͷȴԳЦЦҡ
ԭ罫ҵһо۵ס
ߺȻһŲҸ̧ͷȴ̾ʦ˸֮ϣԹԳʮֹĵ˵ͷЦЦ
һأ˲ѿڶûҷӦұ㱻һԵֽ˺ݺŤӣȥ
ʱҲֲǰ򶨣ֱӻˡ
ҶԸоԳǴķ̡
ݸá
޿յٴһαԵӰӺݺѹȥ
ʹаٰ㲻Ըɷ·һͳ˶֡
Һܺ£ڰգɫ԰׵ľݹ֡
Ĭ룬ɾȴԳ˵֡
ҵɫԽ԰ףԳǵϱԽ⣬·Ͳ߻һУƿȫ֡
޶԰ݵҶҵ˰أһȻỬ۽ǣƴҪȴԵֽĸ
ֻоҵĹͷҪɢܣͷһ͵дϵݣҧ⣬һѪֽ˵ϣûȴҷӦȾܣҲάֲסǰǷׯء
һûȴһŵĽԭء



047 򹷻
һӲתͷȴԳЦЦңһ˫峺ףȴޱη塣
ĿȴƣƵҵСǰַҵС֮ϣݺһ۵ݣ
Ҿ۵׻̫ˡ
ҵɫúܽͲ԰׵ɫڸһƬѩף˫ֲڴƲСֻ֣ȴԳһĿŵͣ˸׵ֻ֡
˱ۣŲֵ׵ö壬ʱ˿ֻ̣öԸЩȫˡ
һ룬ԳǷСϵ˿һǣҵ֣߻룬ڵϵ񻨼ҵϣһɡ硱˵
ˣԡ
ұԳ仰ĸԼıŵĲΣڴӣȴҲûǸ
ӣһܻţҪˣҸұ֤һĺܲҡ
ΧĿͱԳɢɱЦģȴ֣ĵױŭĸо
ò˵һܽԼȫڵദĻ޴롣
Գ֣ҵ̧øϵᣬ顱ãת޿յʹ˸ɫ
޶԰ݡĸ֣ٴδ޿յ
ΣȴûκֽվҵǿңǹԳǲϽѹвңӡ
Һݺݵҧʹڵֿȴκβҵѹְ̣㱻ѹѹͷ­
ҽıۣĬ롣
ЦӹԳǵߴ۵ЦңûӺ޶԰ݡ
·뿴ʲôʱЭʲôʱҰá
ᣬٴβĴ۽ǻˮʪҵĻҿҪɲǣȻءһ
ţһƷˡ
ûҷӦϵȻһ˲һůĻ
̧ͷ˲䣬ҿСǿʵĲ
ˣôС壿
ˡ
С𣬴żϺ͡ŨŨɱ⡣
Χʱʮְڵϵһ
С彫ҷ£˫̶ͬһ׵ȴ˹ԳϣԳǸղҵǾȫ

ԳһǵһЦʮ̵ַĿڵ
˭ĵ
СûԳǣֻǱһɨܣɨ˲䣬ȻһҲΧġȫ飬ʣ
С徹Ȼô
һ룬Сٴ
ҵĵҪ˸
ֻ˲䣬˵Ϣ˼£ڿײ
ЦŵĹԳǣȴڴʱеЦ⣬ȡ֮ģǳɱ
ΧԳǵԸðŨŨɷֻ̧ۣĿС塣
һܣ
䲻ʺţѡ
һ룬ԳǺСӰͬʱʧҵǰвϷ顱ȴӰ
вϷ׹ⲻӿ֣ʱʱԺΧԺ˲䱻Ŀȫǡ
ѵ죬ڶڻΣŵĲᣬҪҸ֧㣬ȴȻоһͷȴС
Сģ
һ룬ͬʱ
һСʧ񱻻
һǳ̾Ҫ͵Ϯұɵ
ûȴҷӦһԳǾȻ˸˽¡
򹷻أοҶҵŮˣ
ֲʧ𣬱Ǽ⴫īζ


048 
һתۣ㿴һŲ˹ԳǵؿڣΧ𣬽ĿȫǵԺӴ߰㡣
Գǵ˫Ѿŭ𣬺üΣҪȴ޷ӾĽ
еӺƴҲ̧һ㿴һɹ۷·ʱҪ¡
գſܣǲ·𶼳Ϊһ˵ĵ׺
̫ˡ
žϢţԳǾȻֹͣĺ;ӣȻֹ˵Ŀ⣬˵ϡ
ô
𣬿˲䣬ԳȴȻЦˣĿŤת䣬ʮֲмĿڡ
ԭõˡ
ǸղС彻սʱˣֱݺݵĲڽ£ԳǵϲðѪʪѩ׵ɼ
ʱҲŷ־侹Ȼö͹Գһģһİ壡
岻ֻ
һϣһڹԳǵϣһСϡ
ɵãҽĿ⻺תС壬ȴСЦˣ۵׵˼ǳԣ壬ģ
С岻ƾ룬ƲŶ԰
Ϊʲôͬʱ֣壬˾롣
ֻоԼѪҺ˲̣һֱƵĸоļð
һ룬ѾóһѳѳҪ̽ԳǺʱ򣬾ȴΪԳǵһ仰֡
յʬϡ
ѾðȻ֣뱻Լĳ˼ԳҲץյӵһԾ
˲䣬Χ죬ܵľ˲𣬻صԭĹѨӡ
ԭǾĹѨֻǹԳ˻þ
þʧ˲䣬ԳǵӰҲʧõ׼ҲΪԼ˺·ȫˣ
Ҹ볯žȥȴлóǰѳѾʧվԭԶ룬ﻹСĲ߶֡
ա
ֻоԼͷǱ˺ݺݴһƹվԭЩ֪롭
벻ʧΪʲôַӦô
Ѿҵһˡ
գ˭
ûҶ룬Ѿָ˳̬һǣҵֳźľȥԭվԵСͲ֪١
һҪҳĹҵģҺµ˾䡣
㲻Ҫʬ𣿡
ȴҡҡͷ
ȳȥ˵
ұ˱죬û˵ֱ߳ĹѨŷ֣춼Ѿɵˡ
֮󣬾벻ֲֻĹѨ﷢飬ұ룬ú˯һڸҡ
žһƣı飬˲ס죬ڴϷȥͣ
벻ͨˣһʧ˵ˣôһַӦô
ԽԽԼǲǱˣǮĸо
ɵҵЩСѾƳˡ
ҪǾ룬Ҳڱң
뵽Ҳɵû˸һļðȴԼݺѹ£ڶ룬˱۾ͣʲôʱ˯ŵѾ֪ˣ𴲵ʱ춼Ѿˡ
ӴұӶû־ӰҸͳֻ绰ȴ͵ŵһɵīζͷһĻ
Ҫڣ;˵ȴ͵ؽͷҵķ⡣
˵ұ
һ仰żƣֿ󣬻м֣ҿζ
⻹ҵһμģ뵽췢飬Щִ˽ȴ̾һֻ̧ھ俪ʾ롣
飬ûҽ͵𣿡
仰˺һᣬûеõĴ𸴡
ҵϺȻһ˿Գͷˡ
ܸоԼǲЩԽԽ͸ˣ
Һ;໥ţã˭û˵ʱ·һֹ̾Χһжγһ

ĺ
ҵĵףȴ
ã뻹ûлشңҲס˾䡣
飬ûҽ͵𣿡
䣬ȴȻɿң뿪ĻҵĺȻһССʧ䡣
ֻĿʮʵ
𣿡
û˵ҲûκλӦֻƽӡ
ͫһƬžžһ˿
ãſڶԾ
Ҫһ͡
ɾȴȻ¥ȥ˵ԼˣϢֱӻرҵĻ
ûӾȥӰֱɳϣĿնԶ
رҵ⣬δЩ⣬ҵ
⵽Ǿ飿
̫
ɳȴַڶֻ𶯣ͳһ㿴ŷĶš
ǲûҵǱ顣
Ҳ̫ţֻȴָҷš
֪һУ벻˰ڲȥ
仰żֹƻҪҲ֪а飬ƨƨߵˡ
Ƿŵţȴһһ
ңǰҲãǹԳǣң룬գеܣڽ
ִ򿪵İ취
һ֣Լ򿪣Լ򿪻ᷢʲô˭Ҳ޷֤
һ֣ȥýԶ򿪵İ취
ǵ磬ŸҵθڣҵԼ򿪣ȴȥŸңǲԶ򿪵ģֻȥŻᡰԶ򿪡
ֻоԼһÿһѱ˵İڲȴÿһǡòڱ˵վ
а飬ĸ
л֣ôҲϵã
ҹֻûǰ̫طŵĶţص䣬ͳҿȴַڽԱߵϣʲôرĶ
ҽз鿴ȴıʲô·
һһ֡
ա


049 ξ
ҿ֣˲һ
һֻΪԼöǾģСǻյģտǾһǳҪŻȥû塣
ǣ壬ôǻյģ
ѵ˵ǿ顱ҵˣʵǾ룬ǻգ
кȻӿ𼸷ԳЦЦЦԼԶеԼŮ֪뵽ȥˡ
յ˭
һֱû֣ȴڱٿȫֵĻ
һӦǲ֪ģҽպãóǱһȴǼѪɫ¡
ϻʱЩæⶪˣȥȴ뵽ҷһš
Ҫͱ¶
֪ԳǵļҲû˵ʲôӦûõİɣ
ɵãҽ˸طպãŽǱа˳
ûⱾϵݣӦòɣ
ⱾȻССһȴʮȫ棬ȴҲϸ˵аˣ޷ա
Ҫգаﵹʮ֡Ѫȡİ취
ҿ취ʱ򣬲ɵû´˸
˵취ѪȡһûҲаùаˣͨ˵ϡ
ҼλùˣǷţ
ѹַô죬ôࡰߡԼ壬ǽϵĶӣʵΪɢԼڵ
аˣ»ţصˣﶼ֮
ЩڡɱˣɱʱմȾϵģЩ˿ɢԼڵҲɻ۾ԼͶ̥ʱһֻأֻ˿״˵㡭
һԼְ취ĽԼɱ
취ҲʮգвΪɷǵòʧõ֮٣ɹˣû
ⱾеĳΪ
̽취ɱˣҲ治ǰɱġ
Ϊ⡰һԣһҳ
˼壬аˣ׳ԼΪһְ취
ͬʽڻ˵ϣѡִŮֱ֣°빦
ҿ󱳶ˡ
ѹ˵аΪһ˽ɱô˼
ҸⱾ£ⱾħƵģвиڶ˵ȥͣȥ
ⱾĹƻΪˡͷȥҾȻʶľͳ·ȥ
ݣϢܴ󣬽ħʬӦоУָо
ҪҰⱾϵѧᣬˣ
ŷһҳҰݴ¿һ飬Ҫ£ȴһ磬Ҷֹס˸ϵ龹ȻԶҳ
ӳģһƪǽаģֽдĸ֡
Ŷݼס
Ŷݼ׵עһС֡
Ԥ֮ѧ
֮ǰ˵Һ֮ԻᱻصôΪԳиˣͨŶݼףǽ飬ɲ룬ⱾϾȻŶݼס
Ҫ֪ŶݼڹŴߵȵԤѧﲻ£ڹŴű
ڵ£ģԤ⣬⣬ס
˵һͨŶݼ׵ˣ˳ᢸ⡣
ҿЩŶݼףʱҲȤ󷭣ȴֺôǿհҳⱾ֮ǰҲüΣûհҳ
ϾһаϵĶҲ˵ʲôҽⱾͷ²غãɻشۡ
Ϊһҹεһ˯ȴμԼ߽һսʱڵĹѨ
ĹѨʮְ治ͭĹĹ餣ǳľ£ݻ
־ڣΧĹײġ
ײЩϡ棬Ҹ߽һȴĹ餵ײȻһ֡
±˿̵ֲ֣ĺܴ󣬻ڿ̵Ĳλ˺ɫᡣ
ֺܾ㣬Ůдģֲʧϣ͸¶һ档
ֺܼ򵥣ֻ˸֡
ԸԹա
滹дĸС֡
ա
Ҽĸ֣˲ŵĴ˹
ԼѾǵһˣμôĹѨǵһΡ
һôеʱڡ
⵽ףǻҡ
˭ʲôϢ
գָǻ
ݲҶ룬ҺȻŵһսζǴͷ´ģ͵ؽͷȴǿڷ̵̣ͮͮ˵ҵͷսˡ
ȥãԼ̵ֱ͵شӴܵȥһˮ˫ЬӣƲ
һսˮҵĶߣúָԭװŽˮȡ
ˮͱ̵ı˿ˮһ񣬻ָˡ
˴Լ֣Žɫ϶ö壬еȴˡ
ʼɾӽԼǲĿĵˣ
ϾȥΪĿı塣
ǵ壬¥ֳ֮Χһжǳ磬¥ĹѨһУƿ֮С
ûûԼʬ壬ĹҶûҽȥĹѨκһûó
ֻǴСУûǿ壬ҳ
ⲻɵһˣȥ壬Ϊȥ¹Գǰɣ
һԼеͷȫѹ
˿죬Ѿˡ
ҴӴ·ãа飬壬ңȫϣ߳ţȥҾ룬ȴ־ķѾˡ
룬أ


050 Ĺ
ȻϵҰο˵ֻ³ȥˣʰôɾķ䣬ȴһڳҵ񾭡
绰ȴͷԺУ͵شˡ
ڼȥҲ֪ôģԽԼʰһҪȥҷţɵ˷ŵļſڣȴ֣ŵǶϷӣȻˣ
ͳֻŴ绰ȴֻʾػ״̬绰ʱ򣬾ֻҲػˡ
һʮֲõͷҵԺðҲԽԽˡ
ֻоԼѪҺڵע޷Уվ̮˵ϷǰͷӬɡ
ʿˮö壬תؼҵȾ룬ȴֻһ죬˷ܵĽֻ򿪣һš
˾ȻǷţ
ҶʱЩţСĽŵ㿪ȴŵݾȻ;йأ
Ԥϵ˾ȻȥһƵģһ߸һĹ˶ŻĹȥˣһ߻ѻĹĵַңұԼһȥҪȥҾ룬ȥҡ
һ˵壬ʱЩ죬Ҳû룬ֻǿĹЩ֡
ϾԳǱƻǴΣǶԾ˵˾䡣
յʬϡ
ҪǻյʬϣյĹĻ˭
УǸεʲô˼ΪʲôһôֵΣǾ䡣
ԸԹա
仰ǲǳԻ֣֮
漴ָŴ˸绰Ǵͨ绰չҶϣյһŵĶš
ȥ֮ǰǱݶ࿴ҲմȾа֪һЩʶܹǺõġ
ĩ˻ҾСĵ㣬Ȿ鱩¶ǰ
һ⻰ʱЩ̣аվаϲ̨棬ȴҲӺ棬Ҳǻˣôа
ǰָ˸绰˽״ֻ̬գȻؼڿ
ҲɵûäĿŷŵһ֮ʣȻûкң˭֪᲻Ầң
οյʲôҶûĹ鱦͵ҵϣҲһȥ
˼룬С˸绰Сĵ绰ܿͨˣ飬С岢ûмſڣĬĵпڡ
ʿˮС塣
˭
˺ü룬СشңΪС岻ҵɲǣСȴ˵֡
ʶ
ҶߣҶʱ˻š
ʶʲôЦҶʱ㶣ſС塣
ӦǸ˰ɣôʶ
˭ϣС徹Ȼңû
⵹ǰһҡһʵ
ûǻյĹʲô˼
СһȻϷʵЦЦ˵
յĹ㵹ǿȥȥ
һûŪС嵽ʲô˼ɵĵ׳˳һС嶼ȥĹˣһŪ嵽õģö壬ǻյġ
ûҰѻ˵꣬СȻšһѵôҵĻ˵Ըö飬ȴһ
ǾҽĹ֮󣬿ʲô֪ʲôԲ̶ܺϾ硣
һ⻰ĺһĺĶЩ֪ôˡ
λĹдˣС壬̵ĲйأСŻ˵⻰
ûشСҲû˵պȻ
ãҿС塣
Ĺǲǻᷢʲô
СȴûŻشңǴϢšֲֻĹ壬һֶûУ
С˳ᢽһϺ̸ǽһϾڵҲһжڹԱûС
ȥһпܻȥŸǱдˡ
һСһ顣
ԸңĹʲô𣿡
СŸҡ
ȥ˾֪
ˣôʣСǶҵģ˼˼֮󣬴ӦСҪСŽҡ
屾Ǿ룬ԳǣݵʵѪҺ˵ͷѪ
գ룬ԳôģСûиңֻ˵鱾˵壬ȴ˷ӡ
ҲΪʲô͹ԳǴǴξǣԳǿ뽫ô𾪡
˵飬ңʲôϵ
Ϊʲôյ壬ƾճҵϣΪʲôԳǻôң
ûҽһ壬Сȴҡ
öȻֱӡ˵ȴҲͬʱӡ˾벿ּ䣬һּ䣬ӡھʬ
ԣôΪָ˲ּ䣿
ҵкܶ࣬СȴЩտڲ̸ˣǽתеĽҡ
Сңû˸ҽҵ飿
죬Ͱѷŵ˵˳ȴ˲䣬͵̽˶ӣС˵֡
ûС
СЦһȥĹʱѽҲϣҪа취ýԶ򿪣ڻĹ򿪡
СĲ²֪֪Ÿ£ܸоС˵ȥᱻŪİѻȫ׳˸ɣС˵绰Ҷ֮ǰС塣
ҪȥĹһôȥ
Сȴұģȥ壬ҰһС
ЦϣԼǱ
ȴиڸҡ
̣̣˻Ĺһжˮʯ
С绰Ҷ֮Ҹ˸绰һ֣˲˼֡
Ҽ״ɫ˲滺˲١
֪գ


051 
ңʦС¹һĹĹı֮ϼյʣķ翡ֲʧʱرĽգȥ֮󣬻صռڻյϡ
ռȴ֣˾һ鿴κιż׶鲻κιѶϢС׷鲻ġ
в첻ѣĹ
òСʹ徻ӽĹɣ
ɵãҿ壬ǴκСĹĸλãĹ˭
ȴش˵Ҳ֪Ĺŵ˭ǸĹʦȥʱһ·ϲٹ飬Сģ˵˶˾䡣
ǸĹر󣬶ɽʱȥʱ򣬳ʦ÷ˮ˸λ֮⣬Ĺ֮ʮ˳Ĺ˶ûķˮĹ˹öûĹˡ
һĹѨͻĹʮǧȷһĹ˲һ˾䡣
СĹʲô
˵ʱЩãЩˣþãſڵ
ǡһɫĽңԣһ
һң˲мֽ٣æ塣
ʲô
˼룬šһ˵ˣ
СӹóһɫңȻӽóһ

һЩϡ棬һʲôĻ
˵ΪʱһֱǻյʣҲû̫עһʲôĻֻǵ滭ŵһŮˣΪ
ͼ
УҼԿ϶СĹѨóĽңͷŸҵƣֻǲܿ϶װŵĶǲһ
Сôµռһͼ
кȻð˼ֲ룬ͼ£ҵĶԹвϵ
õϢѹĵףȥĹ飬ȴĿе֪Ҹ绰֮ǰСѾҺʦͨϾܳ
ҹ뻹ûлҲԽ϶һԵȥ˻Ĺ
Һпʱģȥķǳæ
ΪڶҪĹΪ벻ߣһڴϷȥͣ԰˯
ڶһ磬˯㱻ĵ绰ѣ͵ʰһ顣
¥ʱ徻Ѿ¥µˡ
ҺǴк˳
ĹຣѾƱã˻˷ɻ֮Ѿ磬Ѿ׼һУҲģ߾ͺˣе£ȻǵСķ
ķþãȻ֣ⱾרŽ߽ݾаɱ飬Ȼ
͵һ룬ȻЩ졣
ۿ콥ʿҲĿĵصĴڣСĽⱾպã徻˳
³ұЩĺеߣһȥȫ͵ɽ壬һһȻ˵ĸо
Ҳˮվ涼ܸеĲһ㡣
ҵ˷ܵ볯ȥȴ徻һͣ
ǵȵȱߣóֻСֻĺҲ֪߶ʲô߶߳ǰʮ·ȥֻʮ·ڵ롣
ΧһƬڣֻĻ·벻˸ڼϽ徻ӴһɫװһĶ·ֻ˵Ĺܡ
ã徻ӴӿڴóһֽǮ·룬ŻͷҺϣߵķȴɽ
ɵãЩ죬ǰǴڣΪɶôɽߣ
֮ǰС岻Ƕ˻˼Ҹס
뿪ʣͷָָ·ֻ
ֻΧķôʮ·ڵӻ˵ǰ⣬ʦǴס
˵ͷҲû˵
ԽߣɫԽԽڣҲԽԽߣԽԽѲ˵ʱʱŹֵ졣
ۿǰҪû·ΧҲѾ̵ʱ򣬶ԾȻŮӿ
ҶʱŵͷƤһ飬ӣЩǰˡ
尲ȵҵ֣һ§ҵļ˵£ɽҰأ»ҰҲȽ϶ࡣ
ʦղЩֽǮǸǵ·ǮֻҪͷϵյ𣬾Ͳ¡
һ徻ȴʱͣ˽ŲվԭһԣüͷĻͷҡ
Ĺ⸽˯һϣ
Ȼ¶޻Ľ׼һ⻰ûס˾䡣
ܴ󣬲ס𣿡
䣬ȴ徻ӺȻζЦЦʮĿһ۵
һӵĹ˯һҲǲԡ
һ⻰ŵĺ󱳶ˣæ徻Ӿô졣
ȴңõİ취ǽĹ
ɫ˰ףҲ˵ʲô˵ͷ徻ӵ
ǰѾû·ˣ徻ȴó˿һÿǰ̤һ׶ߵӲ˽ȥ
߽ݶҵĵһоˣ䡭
·Լߵĸǲݶѣڱ֮ϣÿһɹɺ紵˴ԾƵġ
ݶѺܳ徻ӵ˺óһᣬۿžҪӲݶ߳ɿȴǰȻʯš
ʯѾ˴򿪣ӳĺڶһ۾͸оԼܱȥƵġ
˵Ҳ֣ΧӲȫһ׶ߣģɾʯǰûɾɨƵġ
徻ʯǰͣҺվſڵȵȣȽȥ
ҲҺķӦ㳯Ŷȥۿ徻ӵӰʧҵУҵģĪĿʼ


052 
һ֣ȴԴ徻ߺΧƺ˼֣ʱʱ紵ݶ졣
Ҳ֪ʲô徻ӽȥ˺þҲ
Ĺຣ൱ߵĵطҹټŨŨǰҺ嶳䵽Уɴ˶ϯضһɪɪ
Χ𣬷·߹ݴԣ·˿е񾭣ɵʿˮ塣
ʦȥôãô
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ǵһ
˵䣬ҲڲϴȫǶġ
ԼĪֹʮӣһŲΪ徻ӣջͷȴݺݵס
ûҷӦһͦӵĶǺݺһġ
ֻžһĻƷݺݵʬͷϣʬ˲䱻ҪҵĶ
ұһ˵ʲôȴоԼĲӺһ·ʲôڶҴ
һ룬һҵ֣һǡžһƷֱʬͷϡ
ʱҲŷ֣ΧĲݴȻһ߾ɫʬ壬һצĳ
ߣ
ҹΪҪӵʱȴȻӭȺʬ壬ӶͳһѻƷԼСģҪ©֮ԼԼ
ҶʱһŻƷֲϷ岻ӦǳѨķȥ徻ӻغΪʲôҪŴڵķȥ
䣬㶪˿ľƸң˵ʦͨѶķʽҪľˣʦ£ߡ
˵䣬ҲûţŻƷƵģϽҪǵʬ֮ϡ
Ⱥʬ϶֮⣬ûжɱܼ䣬㱻Ʒ˴룬һϲԼ˻ƷҲûõʱȴоԼһᣬʲôһ˱泯µĳŵˤȥ
һɸζ˲˱ǶұѬθﲻڷûۣ㱻һ˫ָס˲ӡ
Ĺ˲䱻ʬΧһ𣬶Ҳӵʬ壬Ȼһ߳Ůʬ
ͷס٣ɫԼܿճѪǲϷӿ档
ѪһƬƬĴ£Եʮֶġ
ôߵĺαͲúңŲӼֱͿҪϢֻгûн֧֧ҪңȴܵٲȻûϣ
Ӷһ˲佫ͷݺύªѵ˲ҵǰֻһۣҸѹµŻ¸˲˼֡
ҲҪѣȴ͵رѹ˵ϣճѪȵĴ˲ӭҵķ˿ϵĴҵա
һ룬ȻоԼ϶ʲôĶȻŮʬͷҵգѬɫֱۣȴ͵ԼﻹŷֽԥֱӽƷŮʬϣȴ͵شŮʬЦһ˿
ƷֽﾹȻûã
˲ĵװһ飬ڲҿҪˣ
ŮʬǹЦͣµ˲䣬ֻоԼĲһۣȻſҵѪ
ʶľʹӶͳ˰壬ŮʬͷݺݵľһģһʲôʴҶŮʬ˲ſҴ˺ü
ظüӵȴֳİ徹Ȼʱײɡ
ұŵĲᣬϵĴ壬ҪӣȴŮʬͷһȻа˵ûееûƷǲõģǿҧԼ⣬ͿڻƷֽϡ
ɲҶ룬˲佫ԼҧƣһʣĻƷֽϣһߺ˺Գ֣һ߲ϵбŰ嶪ʧķҪҸὫ壬ء
˲䣬ŮʬѾָԭ״վһ׺ݵңǰΧΧǼʬ˲ӵϽҰΧ
ҺݺһҧƷֽݺݵʬͷϣܿȴ֣
ҵЩƷֽͲãһĹŮʬˣ˲ҵҵĲһﲻϴ֣ѾŵĲ֪ôˡ
ɾŮʬ칥ҵɲǣǰ׹һŮʬȻ˲仯Ϊһ̲ѪΧҵʬ壬ҲȫӦףۿɼٶȸãʬ塭
ûҷӦеһůȻ徹ȻԶصҵϣ
岻Ϸ⣬ĨʺѪյĸڴʱ󼱴ٵĽŲ
ᣬʬɣ
ʶս˰壬ڿɲǣŻ˶û˵ĿɿڴĿָһصʬʵ
ģ
ҵ˵ͷҡҡͷôôŷҵӣȴ˾䡣
Ҹոչ񿴵ʲôڷѽ
Һһæ˵ҵģŰŰɵĵ˵ͷҪ˺ʬͷϵĻƷҼ״ҪȴѾ˲ս˲٣ֻϣʲô
һ룬üͷһ˿ҡ
ѪƷ˭ģ
ɫ˽ڰ߬߬СĿ˾䡣
ʲô𣿡
ȴĽƷһ߸ңѪΪаõһףöԼѪҵ˿϶뺦ңСĵ㡣
εĵ˵ͷû˵һȴѾͷתһԱƷʬϡ
Ҫ֪Ʒʬ壬ûϻƷ
ΪҪѯʱȴĿһοŮʬѪĵط۵ײ˼ҡ
Ҳɵģ


053 
ұʵЩ飬øôش壬ҡҡͷ˵֪ʲô
װЩ徹Ҳˣҵı˵ˣʬ֮ǰȻһʬ֮׸ˡ
εĵ˵ͷҲû˵⳶ôܵô죬Ҳ
һ˿ھΣ˵Ҳû뵽һӣҴߴҿ뿪ӡ
һҪӣʱŵͷƤһ飬ڵ
һӶǹȥ
ȴ˵ʦȻǴһӶǹȴ氲ȫ٣һǰ˰ʬ˭֪ʲô
һ˵ͷҲû˵ʲôֻʦôˣ
ɫеѿ˵Ҳ֪֮ǰ;ǸЩаʦȻҲǷû뵽˸ôİʬʦ߶û֡
徻ӽӴ࣬ȴҲ֪ǸˣӦò£ҽŵķ°أ峯Ŵȥ
ߵ˴ʮ·ڵʱ򣬷֮ǰ徻ӵֻڷԽԽǰһ·ֽǮȴѾӰ
ߵǰϨ̣һĳŴȥ
ɫѾŨĲŨͳֻ˿ʱ䣬Ѿʮһ룬а˵ڹŴʱصʱ
߽ӣоӵĴӴŹ죬ΧĻѿ滹մһĺڻңңܣԼԼƺܿӰϸһȴֿκζ
ۿſҪ߽ȴǰȻ˿ʯʯд֡
塣
棬һС֡
ԸԹա
һּ˲伤Ӷͳֻʯ£һ˷ָܵʯ˵
ǻյּ
Ҽ״˵ͷû˵ʲôɶּ治İ
ǹ餵ײּһģһ
ΪʲôҪ壿
ԸԹʲô˼
ɲҶ룬Ѿ߽˴ӣ޲͸¶һһʵСķһƬڣ߽һȴַǳɾԿ϶˸á
˼ӣӿڴͳ˼ŻƷֱֽŴ֮ϣֱ䷿ӵĸСľƣִͳ˰ʯⷿӵΧһȦ߽ӡ
һƬڣϻгһķѾȣԿߵʮִæ
ֵͲĴһȦ뿪ƣȴӵĵôҲ̾һӱֻϣϡ
˴ϵıó˵ϣ˯˳׼˯ȴʱʱɿ
ŵĻһæο˵£ֻǷȻһ嶼ǹղѾ˷ʩǽģҺúϢһʦ϶ҵǽĹ
һ˯˯ȴ͵⴫žžžȥ˲ҽĿתӣȴĿҵϡ
˳Ŀ⿴˹ȥȴֽŵĴϾȻֳһӰȫҪ
ЩִżֹϳǴ񾭣ֻоԼˡ
Ϊǰ׼ЩĽˣұһȺΧһ˯ţ
οŨҶܽĹвðĺˡ
£˯
Ҷ˵ͷٶ룬˱۾ۿžҪ˯ţŴˡ
ҵĺսҪǳʲôʧĹˣҺ񲻳
ĶŴ˺ܾãԽԽЩ£תͷ壬ȴûûεѾ˯ţ˺࣬ʱĲУ˱۾Ҳô˯¡
ڶһ磬ǱѵģŵܴɫЩףܣȴִЩӰʧ
ˣ˭
ûҷӦѾ˯۾ȥţ徻ӣһ
Ƕ﷢˳ս徻ӵϳЩƶ֮⣬Ҳûʲô󰭡
к֮ʰһ飬ź徻˽ĶԲߡ
ѹһصϢԭӶŶݼײ󷨣ȥĵطţΣյĴڣȴΨһš
ڤڤעȻţȴûջ徻ҵһŻĹĵͼ
ͳŵͼ߸̾൱Ҫŵͼпˡ
һЩ죬·ԼʦôȻԸͷ˾䡣
ô𣿡
徻ȴ˵ͷ˵ܲô󷨵ˣָù
ùЩˣȫѾˣҪҲ޷ţȻܽŶݼõôа
Ⲽ֮֮һôľ֡
ơ
ţ˵ֻҪȥˣƲ˾֣;Աġ
ɲ֮ȴһź̴ֵĵͼν˭ǵô仯˵ﻹŴһ
Һţȴ֮صذڳдףЩҴˣҲôù
Ҫǰ׼Һܽ
ҲϹèӣţȴһ컯Ͼͼʡ˲鷳
徻ŵͼҲЩ𾪣֮ǰ˵ǸĹڿɽͷǳš
Ĺȴڿ˰


054 ֮
ڿյİɽֱŶݼĿݡˡšš
ҲΪڿ˰ɽа˸ſԽĹȥһڵڣҲһ
ĹĹģһŵͼԶܸοͼ˱Ҫλ֮⣬ҲûдĹѨģ
ͼ꣬ҺĿⶼת徻ӵϣ۵׵˼ԣ˸ڣĽ
徻û˵óһ֧ʣһ֣ݳʱĸ֧ܣ󽫵̣̣Źţǣȫȥ
ҿ֣𾪲ѣΪҸŶݼף
ȴиڸңֵĲ裬徻ӶϾ֮ǰұǰ֪ųģ֡
ͬʱ徻Ӻеǵ
̱棬ڵ̿ƣ²ˡƹţ¸ס
䣬ֹ徻ӣɫ쳣ѿ˵˾䡣
װ
һ⻰ʱŵĲᣬ徻ӽô죬ȴ˵˾䡣
ž빬ƣž㹬ĹžܿˣǶʺߣСΪкͣ߾Űɡ
һиСʱһ徻߳ӣ߳ӵɲǣһ˸ͷ뿴ĻƷڲڣȴǰܵʯҵĽӡ˵ϵĻƷЩ׵ɫˡ
ɵãʿˮ󱳶ЩˣҲô״ġ
žЩԶԼĪҪɽͷ徻һŵͼһľǰ棬ҺĬ
ҲѹֵʱԳǱŶݼԤҺܱԭ徻ӾһŶݼ׵ĸˡ
ô룬ȴ벻ףΪʲô徻ŶݼֵʱһôϤ
һ˼ͷļ͵صɴ˫۷˽Ų
òǣǱаĹɣ
ҵĶЩ岻ԵĻͷһʵ
ôˣ
εЦЦ˵û£뾰ԽԽЩţĵȴл͵͵Ǳаóǲǳʲôʡ
˾ŵɽ£ɽïܵԣҲò̾ŵӺܴ;·ĵطҲ٣ɲǿήľѵĻݣҲֻھ֮ϻܿһ
ŵͼָܿҵ˾֮Ѿٽ磬̫ůĲУɾȴ֮⣬վ̫µңžŶܴļ𼸷ֺ⡣
ûԥͳֵͲһ˱㳯žⶴȥ
̤ŵĶûұӲĸܵһɺ⣬һֱͦ壬Ĵһۣ˲ĶڣȻΪĺۼ
ɴ˿ɼڿ˰ɽͷĻĹǶôƴһ̡
ػҲ֮ɣ
߰˷ӣڽⶴѨ꣬ӳһСĶңǰһʯűĥķϻһ޴ľ֣ȷǾɡ
忴⾰֮Ƶģһּңһָּ
յּ
ҵ˵ͷû˵徻ȴĿһ壬ʶĻ˼һٶһûסЦ˳
մ㳯žȥ徻ȴȻͣ½ŲסҺ壬ָָЩҵĽӡڡ
֮ǰѾ˴ӾŽȥˡ
Ҽ״˫ü˽˾䡣
ǲǻֹһˣ
⻰вɵð˼ֲ룬òҲǴӾŽĻĹɣ
徻ȴûӦңǽĿٴǰֵֻϣһƿ˾ŵĴš
ŵ˲䣬ӭĲŨŨŨĲŨڿУһţеһĿ
֮󣬳һʮֿĴһ˾˾Χ÷һʯˣʯޣĹǰĵλ
̤һһͬʱͣ˽űߣ˭ûǰ
Ŀɿڴָǰ˾ڡ
Һʦ¹ôĹûģôĹѨ
ĩˣ˾䡣
ĹѨԽĶԽգȴԽԽյʵˡ
Ļ䣬徻ȴˣǰ˾һרעܣͷСĵ㣬˵ĹѨܹŹ֣ô꣬һȾôɾڴ˴ɨ
һ飬˲һҲ˼֣Ҳ֪ã飬ҵĶ߾Ȼ˵ˮ
ա
ա
Һ󱳶ˣСһ䡣
ûʲô
һġһ䣬е徻ӶͷһۣŲԼĶЩСĻҾ䡣
ûа
Ҽ״ҪϸһǵˮȴҲûֻԼɻû߼ԾȻٴδˮ
εѾСĵˮйˮڲϵļʣҶߵͬʱ徻Ҳͬʱͣ˽Ų
£ˡ
һ͵ҳǰȥûҷӦұһʲôѵͷȴݺݵŤӡ
ɵʱͷ
ұ⻰˵Ķʱһ͵ܵñ飬ɺȻҸоʲô׹ͷһȻǽµ˾³ȥ˲䣬ȻҲһȥ
߲ϴ׹ΧڵֲָǰϵֵͲͲ֪ҽŵĿڣſﺰ
壬ģ


055 ף
˺þãҵʯ󺣰ûκλӦ
һĴӵԼһãڡ
Ĩڴ򿪱ӰóֻȴڴֵͲ˲䣬һ
ԼȻһĹѨĶң̧ͷ뿴ԼǴûȥȴϷһĵ˵ǵĴˣһѷ춼
ҵܳ˰Ʒ֮⣬Ӱ
òᵱʱҺ壬徻˾ϵʱ򣬲ȵʲôذɣ
һСֻҪҵֵͲȴԼȻһײģ
⸱ײĽĺܴҲİμΧǺľײĵײĳһģһ
ƤһֱһɲͷҵļðСƿײߵЩƷԱҪȥֵͲȴЩƷЩ֣ǵӰӾǽһССͭӡ
Щͭȫ˶ԿŵľʲôĹΧϢȴҲ֪ط˾
ҪϽҵֵͲȥغϣȴҵֵͲȻһ֮ϣǡõĲ棬ϵǲͱơ
û߽ұʵһݵĶζøζ
ҴӱóһֽҪȥȡֵͲȴڸӵɲǣ·һҵĶʱԭأͷȥײģȴ͵費ըʬǰ
ֻ˲䣬͵سǰһʯȥܵʯǰ˲䣬ҶʱʯǰġͯŮһ
ʯͷ̳ĽͯŮֵֻͲ£˫Ӵٵͫ׾ǻƵģҺֱ飬ͷܵʱѾ
󣬾Ȼ˹ײİӱɵ
թʬˡ
ɫɷףҲǲô࣬͵سǰҪƿʯţȴʯžǱʩ˶Ƶģôˣ޷ƫ֡
ɲҶ룬һɺ˲䴵ҵĲӺ󣬰ŵĻһͷȴһˮĽʬ
ð˳Ƚһ˲һƨɵ˵ذϣʱ˿̵ңĶˡ
˵õĸ徻ӽĹܰȫأ߽Ĺ˾ûйͱĻ󷨸Ūɢˡ
ҽŵҪˣѾ·ߣʯϴĴвϴҵıһִűͯŮת˫ӴӴڶҿ
ֻ˵ϣǰ߽ʬһŲ飬ϵ롣
ǰ߽ʬûûаëҲûкëòǸߵȼɡ
㱵˲䣬ʬѾңʶĳһ㿪ĹҪӵȴһס˽ףϸָ˲ҵĽף۵һһ飬ֻ˲û֪
ŨصĺʬĴҵΧķ·ܽ˱ԺٵתҪҵӦĶԲߣɽʬٶܸ֮ҿǵʱ䣿
Ѿһ˫ֺݺҵĲ֮ϣûҷӦѾſݺҧҵĲ֮ϡ
Ůʬҧ˺ۻûд±ʬһҧ۵Ļ¶ûֻ֪ĿʳҵѪҺ
۵Ľ촽ҧƣȴѪа͵һѪ˽ʬϣʹſңʱõ˼ִϢĻᣬһԹ˼ȦͭӶѵԱߣȴû
һգ۵Ĺ򣬽ʬٴδŨصĺһ˫ŭĶңϱ˵ǻƷˣһѿԷĵûУֻĿ߽ʬԽԽԽԽ
вĬ֣ȴҲ֪Դӻָ˲ּ䣬ħƵĽĹ¸֪ҳ£Ļʱң
ͷһ͵شӶͳö壬ڽʬҵ˲䣬ֱʹ²ڵҵ˼ִϢĻᣬջָ˵Ҫӵȴ͵˼꣬ꡣ
ûҷӦԱ㴫Ǻ
ӡ

·ڿޣ·Ц
ҵͷƤ˲һڻͷʱȴ𡰽ͯŮʯĲ֪ȥǰߡСʬ
廹ҲûκοԷĶӣɽµȴϴ̼ҵ񾭣۵ĸûʹ̵볯һĴȥǡͯŮȴѾҵǰ
֮Ҳ֪Ĺʹǽ˾ţɾ֮һհŵ˰˸С󣬶ҵģš
ף֮о޹ȴףǾеİ˸С׵һҽ죬пܣ
ڴʱߡѵһŨصĺٴδҵĶߡ
Ѱ˳
ұⳡŵĻĬ룬ɴ󺰾֣ӿڴͳöɫҡ
Ȳҡ
ǹԳأ
ǵãԳ˵Ҫǳ±ǿѽҴͻ֣˿̵Ҳ˼ô࣬˽һ벻鷢ɲǾһ
ѱҼŭĻܸҴ򿪽ҵʱ䣿
͵ؾͳҽŵ˫һ˳Ƶ˵ϡ
ˡ
һ룬ֻǰİ׹һ徹ȻٴηӵϷ𣬰ҵס͵һ
ðһϵڸҡ

ܻȡ
Ұ㲻İ徻Ŷݼ׵ʱǵ


056 
ҵĻһûԼһǼȻһɵīζһ룬ڰкȻ߳һӰ
ĳ֣ΧͺĿ˲Խ
һŭġﴫһ룬Ǿ׺ݵͯ͡Ů˲䱻ɺԶڵϵ˲䣬ΪƬ
˳һůĻЩһֱŵģʱ
˫ۺĸƵž룬۵׺ʪί˲ӿ𣬾۵Σ͵ؽӵ뻳С
ˡ
Ҷ𣬼ҺȻŵһ㶣¶ʱһ̧֣ҵıҵɵֽ˼֡
һ룬Ȼڡ
Ҳ˵뿪죬𣿡
һ⻰ʱˣ͵ƿ룬ĿɿڴĿ
ʲôʱ˵ˣ
ȴңȥ֮ǰڴͷһңѾָ˲ּ䣬Щ٣رȱźܶɢɢĶһֱиͷںĹ
ңһ֣ر󣬿ָļûлˡеҪõ𰸣ȴ֪ĹգûֱӺ˵һţȴ룬ԼȻ͵͵˹
һ˲һɫ˰ףԾ˵
Ҹûпʲô
䣬ɫһҡ
˭ĻĹ
ԺһӰǷţɷȴǺҵˣɵãҲ˵֡
С塣
ҽ⼸飬˷źǱа֮£˵˾
󣬱ʮɫѿˡ
Ŵû˵ǽҴӵϱڵϵĽҷҵС
ҿңͷƤ˲һ顣
ˣ
廹ڵϣǧ𱻾뿴
ڵϸɨһȦȴûӰӡ
ҵĶЩ֣ɵ˾䡣
أ
ҵĶһεЦЦ˵ûУ˳ƽҷŻ˿ڴȴڷŻؿڴ˲ܵһɱִһůĶ
壬ȻԶĻصҵĿڴ
ҵ֣Ҫ߳ţȴڲһʱ򣬾۵Ļһ飬ȽһҪǾǣңһƨɶڵذˡ
״üͷһͷôˣ
ȴ仰û˵˲䣬۵һ˿ɱ⡣
ôصˣ
εЦЦžΪҽŵӣĲС
ϸһ¼һ飬ӿڴͳöҵ˿֮ϣĹһµ˳ʧˣ
Ŀɿڴžö壬Щ˼飬徹Ȼˣ
һ룬һѽҺᱧһ߿Ҵ򲻿ʯţ߿ʯ˲䣬С˾䡣
汿
ǳֹĵɵӶƭ˰
߳ӳһǽϵһյյƣյǽһׯϴ
ɾôĴȴյУ˵ƷˣһײĶһʱЩҡ
õģ
ɾȴ߼ҴƵģɵ߹ڿҪ߳ɲǣͣ˽ŲЩ֣תͷȴ֣ǽϵĸһ
Χ˲𡰺¡¡룬ȻȥӵصһȦײģײĵڷһ޴ĺľ餡
һľ餣ʱɴ˫ۼĲУ͵ط֣Ľṹεġһģһ
һʾ롣
ǲǻĹĹѨ
ȴҡҡͷʵ˵˾䡣
һĵĹ޻أĹôܻŪô͵ȵĻأ
Ļ䣬ҵɫ˲һףһģҲˡ
԰ĹѨôôܻŪô͵ȣһȾµĻأ
Ȼû˵ȴ׾˼
ˣⴥʲô˾䣬ɢҺ壬徻ӡ
ҵʱյôôô״ɢ
п֣Ҫɾˡ
˽壬Ҫһˣûƣƶܱ˸ˡ
ôֻһֿˣصˣ徻ӡ
ѹСһҪȥĹ£ӧҰźһУ˻Ĺıʰɣ
;ףѰ˾룬þָּĹȴû㵽Ĺûңź˵ĹĹ£ĲƲС֮ǰҾȥС塣
ѹС尲ҽĹһаŵôѸ١
ΨһһΰңŨŨơ
⣬
͵شӾ뻳£ʮ̧֤ͷҪڣȴһҡ
㻹ǵʱ򣬽ĹѨ֮ǰõѪ𣿡
󣬵˵ͷȴҡ
ɣĹʲôҪҵѪߣҪҲſ԰쵽ģСҡ
ʾ롣
Сһʲôˣ
ֻشҰ˸֡
Ǹ˳ᢡ
һ룬ҵ֣Ҫ߳ҲЩ֣ղŵһ顣
ﲻǻĹĹ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵⼸ѻĹļŶ߱ˣÿڵĽṹͬ˸ڣֻһţյĵط߸Ի˵ļڣ
һʾ롣
㻹ûߣ
ûżش𣬶ҳǰֵƳСȥ˵֡
š
ҺȻԤУСǡ
ûԺȻٵĽŲһѽ˰ûҷӦһҵ졣
ҵɴ˫ۣ˳žĿ⿴ȥ
ȴԳǴһƳСľͷ
Сľͷϣһ֡



057 
ԳǴ˺ܶ࣬ȫվ󣬻¹һɫ棬էһһȺӰӡ
ߵŵǰ沢ûżȥŵǰվ˺һᣬԳǽĿתҺ;ķһƤЦⲻЦĿڵ
ˣ֪ڡ
ѵˣұŵһɣ˫ȶʱЩ˵ƵģڰϢ͡
ΪԳǻǰ鿴ʱȴĿƫ룬Ĵ˼ۣСֹ˾䡣
ŵī㣬ѵһȥˣ
䣬ԳǱתƿǵţһ̤˽ȥ˲˲٣Ҫɿȴݺݵ졣
Գȴͣ˶ٴλͷһȻ
𣿡
ɹԳǺ;ȸܺڹ룿ԽǣȴԽǰ˺һᣬԳǱԼЩɣͷҲصľʹ˳ȥ
ۿŹϣһ;ڰ˺óһᣬȷԳǲڻͷʱŴӰ˳Ҫǣžţȴȥҡ
벻뿴Ĺķ羰
һʱЩȣͷһʾ롣
㲻𣿡
ȴһ䡣
˵С̽·ʲô
ұһ˵ЦˣžΧ˺óһᡣ
ĹʱԽãұԽ̾ĹѨ˹񹤣󷨶ʮҪǰ߹һ飬ҪǾҵԣһû
Χ˼Ȧմͷŵķߣһȴǰһڻˡ
ĹľӴ֮ǰûмڻ⸱ڻȴʮˮ沨ƵģֻһۣҲ޷ŲȥĿ⡣
ϵŮӿݣɻֳĶȴΪѪȡ
ŮӱǴһѩ׵ĳۣȴԼѪҺȾʺ죬һļ̳̳ϻ˷·ŮѪԴԴϵ̳ϵ·
Ҷ⸱˺þãõͣ½ŲͷڿʲôŷӦ˵ڿǽϵĻ
һһ˿죬ҡ

ҵ˵ͷָָһǽϵĻ
û⻭ڼ¼ʲô
ұ˵ָԼعͷ뿴Ǹʱȴһ
ǰǽĻʲôЩа͵ǰȥֱﴫɬеʱ۵һ˿Ի
ǰǽȫשߣѵҿˣ
ǼԼЩ̫Լģ״Ҳû˵ʲôһǰҵ
Խˡ
¶ĸž뿪ڵĶţСףҲΪкͣҪڵĹλ㹬֮ʱΪ
˼壬Ǳʲôס޷ͻֻСĿռǷŹԳǽ֮ǰĵطȻڵĶһƬͣɿǲдѪζ;δɢɷһڸңǱĲᣬ﷢һսֻʮָɾ
صŵǰһƿţӭĳŨŨ֮⣬ǿƮɢĸζѪζ
ӳһ֮ǰЩ̻Ի͵Ĵͬﲻǽϣذϣûκε׺ȫǡԭ̬ĳǰ
ǽϹյյƣعײĵĴĵĸӹ졣
ײĵİȫƷɣʬ岻ûüթʬǱĳַĶгɺü꣬ûпŵĵط
ǰڵĶԳǻ˼һôңԿԳǱĹƵģѾʮֲͷˡ
һѱңµĴʬһԾ𣬻˳㡱ĴЩû͸©֮Ĳ
û뵽ǣŵĽṹ֮ǰ߹ǼȫͬǰȻʯţ
Գǻʮ֡ġȥĵŵټ
Կ϶ʱѾҺ;룬õƣصʬ壬յĹѨȵĲͷˣţҺ;һ档
վʯŵǰȻЦ
û뵽ͦġ
ǰǱᣬȴ߽ұߵʯš
˭Ҳ֪ʯźͨĵط᲻һڷˮ벻ǲȴѡһߡ
ŵ˲䣬ҵӻЩſգԹԵĳǰߣȴڲ̤û㱻ݺݵĳһ
һûע⣬͵ײġšϣüͷʾôˣȴ͵ط֡
ǵǰû·ˣ
һͷ˲䣬ȴ֮ǰǵžȻƾʧˣҺ;վŵķͱ͹һʯͷ
ʯͷˣ뷽Ҫûңҹһȿգܵȥˡ
ŽµԨҲɵͷƤ˲
Ĺʲôط
Ūôʬĵطʱ򣬾ŪôªôգƷûоˣǰû·һͷֻһƵĲƵţϻ˺޷ŵж೤Ҳ޷²⣬ǰֵĻʲô
һҽĿתô죿
ûֱӻشңǰקקţק˲䣬ϲϴײһǡѵѵѾ¸ʴ˵ľϵ
ʿˮһ˿ʯͷ¶ȥ뿴浽жȴ˰ƴʯͷһþö
һ룬ͷҡ
·𣿡
ɫ׵ҡҡͷŴ˵˾䡣
̫ҡ
ȴꡱһЦ˳һսҵ֡
ѵ·𣿡


058 ʲô
Ļ䣬ҵ˲һȦȴңҡڲȥǰ棬˫סҵ˫ҵ
Ԩףµε·һͻѣǰǺ˭֪һᷢʲôȴˡ
ȻоԼҲһˣиվҵһһӡȥҵ˲䱻ģĵطͷһ۾룬ɻͷɲȴᵯ˵ӡ
·
ͷɵɵЦЦżǰȥ
رĳµľ֧飬ܶϵĶˣҺ;ûľ֮ϣȸ˿һֱ۴ֵϣҪǾƽ⣬ҹûܵȥ
Եķ˺ܴ󣬷һŨصĺֱӽҺ;棬ǰ·Ҳµ·һȿգȥٶȺܿ죬һסңȴǱųһ亹
һ룬뾹ȻҺᱧѵˮµԾţȵŵһͷص˲䣬뽫ҷ£ƮҵĶߡ
ңʲô
̧һ۾룬ס˾֣ЦĸɵƵģȴһһ䡣
汿
ûҷȴѾǣҳǰһȥ
ܺڣһ޴ףϹ룬Ϸһ޴ңʯͷģ֡
ڣ
ǰͣϵ֣ĵĽڣ˳
ִӾĿжһζɵʾ롣
ﲻǻĹڣʲô
ͷһۣ˵˾䡣
ڣǻĹ
һҳǰȥܺڣһףû˱˺ڰ֮УٻͷѾʱ·
ΧڵֲָۣȴǸäһµʯͷʯͷһЩˤȥھһֱңȻˤʺ
Сĵ㡣
ֹסĳķ£ͲûɹƤҩˡ
ԼĪһᣬǰڳһ˿ұյһЩûӦ˱ۣٶ۵ʱȴ֣Һ;뾹ȻѾ߳˻Ĺ
ûҷӦܵĳһ䣬ﳤգҵĽȴʬǳɶѣһŮӣһϮͷΪ纰磬һ̨ʬѵ뾲ĵ࣬Գһ磬صѪûմȾİ£սҲ˿޷е
Ůӣһʱ俴ľȻЩˡ
ֱգŮ̧ͷ¶ûκٵŵĻһǣҾȻһվʬǳɶѵս֮ϣǰŮӣͽǳɶѵʬ֮⣬Ҳûκˡ
أ
͵ػͷĴ鿴һȦȴĿ£ŮӳֻʣԼĺ
Ůû٣Ļ棬ŵĲУҪˣһСȴʬһƨʬ֮ϣֳȴѪ
ۼŰŮԽԽԽԽҳŲƵʾԽֱԼȻŪѪ̧ۣŮѾҵĸǰŵҪȣô޺ﾹȻ
Ĭ֣ǰȴ͵һڣһתĸоصʱҾȻ˾ĻУ˿
û°ɣ
͵شһûվȣˤȥٴΰӵ뻳С
Сĵ㡣
ҳܿ˿ȴҺ;վһ֮ڣܿտΧǽϿ˱ڻǰǰȴţѵҸոգ˻þ
ʶĻͷ˾һۣûʳڣȴѲµʵʲôҵ˵ͷ֤ʵҵĲ룬ڻþ￴ʲô
ʿˮղſһ˵˾ȴĬˣһҳǰȴȥ
֮ǰһĴȣһΣȴǾ뿪ڣѡһȡ
ѡ֮ǰʾ롣
쵽Ĺ𣿡
һ㶣˿ǰĵ˵˾䡣
Ӧÿ˰ɡ
û˵ȴŵǰ涼һȦȴмţȻ˽ȥĺۼ
ۼǹýźݺݵĲڵذϣȥһӡ
ĵһӡòǹԳµİɣ
һŵʱȥԼ߹ĺۼڶŴ˵Ĺôһӣ
һƫƫ߹ˣĿһתָָߵţԾ뿪ڵ

û˵ûԳµĽӡһƿߵʯš
ʯŴ򿪵˲䣬һ洵ֱӴҵĲӺ󣬶һûס´˸
״ϵĴ£ҵϡ
ӳһܸܵܵܿɾŵ˲䣬ܵϵĳƷ·˿˲ȫܵڵĶȫӦ˳
ܵ˵˵̲̣һȥǡܿܵĵײ
ܵûұСԳǵžĴײİӱƷɵôԶȴһɼǰսļҡ
ǰ
ӦþǻĹĹ˰ɣ
յʬ壬Ǹľײ
ҽĿת룬ȴʮרעĿǰ·˿ûԵЩӰ죬ǲҵĿ⣬ͷһۣЦЦ
˰
ҡҡͷ˵ûУֻž֣˼֡
˫һСĿ롣
ǻյһôˣ


059 ͱı
󣬽Ųһ٣ͷһ˵˾䡣
ͦġ
˵ЩʲôȴоԼǰһһһûվȺ˼ѳ˾ҵ֣ײһԵǽϡ
״ôˣεЦЦ˵û£̫ѨŻָǰž߳ܵ
߳ܵȴΧ˲䰲ǰҵĴʧ˵˷ȵĿⶼܽˡ
С͹ԳǸվһߣ徻վС󣬹ԳǵɢɢվżˣƮɢѪζнԵļʬһڸսĲҡ
ڿ徻ӵɲǣĳˣСȴЦŶһʾҹȥվ岻ϵĶҡͷ۵־⡣
ԳһѳϻѪЦЦĿҺ;롣
ܲң
Ҷҵָ˼ֻ֣ܺܰҺ;˵ĽŲԽǰȥǰ߾ԽģӾԽۣҪͣ½ŲȴԼȻܿԼ塭
ģҵʶЩƮڵֻܿǵ沿飬ſ˵ĴΣκ
һ룬һʹӵȫֻоʲôں壬ҪҵмߣԽǸľײģָоԽҡ
ҺµҪȣȴǸһֻĿԼС壬룬Գǽ̸
⵽ô£
һϸŮҵԺУֱҵꡣ
ƾ㣬Ҳ
˭
ʣȴԷһ̵Ц⡣
Ȩÿͷһһɴʹϯҵꡣ
׹һ徹ȻҵĿڴ˳Ϊҵʱȴ˻յĹ֮ϡ
ֻ˲䣬Χ𡰺¡¡¡¡ΧڻչΧײȫ˿Ĳʬ壬Ȼһ߾Ӥ
һ޴İԼ̳Ǹľȵڼ̳֮ϡ
ΧķˮˣһɹĪӼ̳ڷ뽫һ󣬿ȴԵĸоԼ΢΢ճһʮֹЦݡ
һ룬ﾹȻûһذףӾݺݵĴࡣ

ҪֹҸƲԼ壬˻Ҷ޷
һҵļð𣬾벻˼Ļͷң۵ǲʧҸ뵽Щʲô
ֻ˲ֻоԼڳһɹ͵ؾͶԾؿںݺһġ
Ҳ֪˶Ծ˵Щʲô벻ûжı˫ۣƾϣ˲䱻ɺԶ
뱻ɵ˲䣬ֻоԼľǱʲô̴ֹͣ
ҡȴмĿһ۾룬һĳСȥ·ԳߵʱԴӹԳϸܵһϷʺζ
СųġҡϵЦԽãȴǲϿһֻҡͷγĶԱȡ
Ҫǰֹʲôȴ徻Ӻݺݵס
վСǰСһֻ֣ˡҡ֮ϣԡҡ˵˾䡣
գҪˡ
С壬һǵһμҾȻˣ͵ԼȨȴԺдһ䡣
ˡ
ܴϸŮһŨŨĳ
㵽˭ҷʡ
ŮȴЦ⣬˵˾䡣
С岻˵ǻ𣿡
ռˣȻǻգҲ˼ĵɴ˫ۣȴֻĿСšҡ˼̳
ٸǰ벽һûԶ˯ڹС
ƽˡ
ҡСͣסŲһۡ
ֻһۣƶ˾ĵѣӲˣĸܵڵġˡ̲ס
Сüͷ΢΢һ壬ƺ仰Щŵȴûͣ£ת̳ȥ
ͻȻҺСٴͣסŲȴ˾
ããۺУؽɽ鱦⣬ն׳ط꣬ᦣԱ֮ƳӵĻ꣬ع񡭡
ôϵķܣаƵ䣬ⷨӦѾʧʷ֮ˣû뵽Ȼ˳
ӽɱнָһֻ̯Ӷһ¡
ĹѨͻȻʱ䳾餷ײ֮ޱȡ
һ˿ʺѪȻǸղšҡͱǵ
ɾ뾹Ȼǿӹӣ
С忴˿ңɿҡֵҡ
һ룬СǰһмĿ˾һۣƾڵ㣬Ҳң
˫ͻȻ趯һޱȵķӡΪţΪҺ

еӤĹѨϵʬһ̣ȫվվ˾
Сһüͷ΢壬·û뵽˵ľ뾹Ȼǿŵز
ɱ
䣡
Ӥʬڽɲǻ˶ǣС˹
ԳվһԾһУǹ𣬿Ϸζԡ

ǲ֪ʲô
ֻСȴЩʬ忿˲䣬˫һһޱȵķӡ˳
һ룬ĹѨеУ˹ȥ
˵ľӦأһѪӾؿҲԴԴϵѪĵ氼ݽһ޴ĿӶ
ҵ۵˲侾һ𣬾͹ԳǵȻӡ룬ز¶С徹Ȼôǿ
ҺȻúޣԼһΪӣȴһֱС嵱ˣ
ѹûиĸףҵĴڣСյӰɣ
ƾʲôҴӳҪ˰ڲƾʲôҵҪñ˿ƣ
ˮҵ۽£ӿֳһĪĲʡ
ƾʲô
ҲҪ
Ժ͵ظֳһɹɻ棬Ȼаݣ·ⱾҵԺͺΪһ壬͵ضԼȨԭռǾ߻˳ȥҪӣȴСݺݵק˻
С۵һ˿ȣƺ벻ʱҾȻܶԼȨ
һ룬СݺݵĽҶ˼̳ӵ𣬿ɶľʹһѵ٣۵һȦһ
һůҵ˫ȼ£͵صɴ˫ۡ
ӡ
СȴЦǰ̳Ǿߺɫ餸˿˵˾䡣
ӣҲġ
Ҳ˼ĵɴ˫ۣȴ͸֧һֻĿԼ˫ȼѪ̳·
ԲϴŮӵĿЦ
ʲôҶ
ʲô
ĳҵ

Ůӵ쳹ҵԺ֮УҪҪ̳ɻȴûа
͵أҴӿڴҪͳöҴ򿪣ͳ˲䣬ȴСϴŨŨĳһ룬һֱӽеĽҴɺԶ
ҵĵһȻĴЦ˳
ҵˡ
һ˿ϣҲû
岻Ѫʹҵ񾭣һĪļһȴԺеһɴʹݺݻڵء
ãڻ𣿡
Ůڣķ̣Ϸʣϳҵࡣ
ı˫ۣȴڱ۵ɲǣ˵ľ˫ϵҡ
ĴΣҶ֡
ԡ
ҿԼ
ҵ񰵵
飬ˡƣǰ߹һĻĻϵҵǰ
Լˣ˭ң
ҲһԵģ
Ȩ˻ƾʲô׷ž룬ݺݵĶ˵ͷ
һ룬а龹ȻҵڷɳһĪҵĻ֡
СɵĽҾȻԶɻҵС
ңˡ


ڶ 


060 
Ҵ򿪵˲䣬Χ˹˿磬ǱŨصѪζĵǡ
һһӽе˳ûԳǺСȴˡſû㱻ðһɺԶ
һ룬ڰմ򿪣ﻭŵһ˳ԡͼҿ⻭˲䣬ȴɵˡ
⻭ˣȻǴŹװң
һɹаӿʱӯ鲼ҵȫǱ˸壬ȴ֪ԼƿԼ塣
͵شӵվֽ̧ͼУϵ˲䣬ֻоԼһǧ꺮һɺ˲ϯҵ֣ȴо

·ĺһµϢΪһ壬ұ˫ۣĸԼھʣ۵ɲǣ͵رһԭȸڵŮӸ˳
Ůӱڵ˲䣬С͵ǰ§뻳С

һɱС˲䱬һ߰Ůӣһ͵ϵãǸոչĵɽ
һŭļðֻ̧һ֡˿İֻ̧ڿнһգ͵һתΪƸΪ꣬Сĵɽ
С۵𾪣˳ᢵû뵽ôıʣ赲ȴѾ͵ؽŮӵĻӲҵĹ
ߣٱ
ҿŨŨ֣ŰԼ̳Źաȴҳеׯޱȣ
ѪҺϿٵߣҵϺȻһЦݡ˫ѪεĹȡ
һĳСŮӵķȥÿһСһϵЦݣȴԽá
ʹһ׸𣿲ô壬֪ɽлƫɽСҪͣƫҪ֪ʲôң
䣬Сȴˣóһ˫ֿǡ͵ؽײӤ͵ϵʬȫٻǰ
һ̣ҵ촽ſ˵һ֡
ƣ
ûЩӤ͵ϵʬСǰ㱻еһ˷ĩ
ӤʬеѪҺ˲˳ΧĿһʣȴΪҵ׺˼ѪɫԽޡ
Сɫһ޷ţҾȻᱬôһҪȴסڿһץ͵ظսС嶪˼̳
С嶪ϼ̳˲䣬ҵĽ̤˰˫ֿ³С˼̳֮ϡ
СҪӣȴΪڰԼ̳ȴ־һʱ򣬱µ̫ɡ
һȴС廤ŮӣһĿ㺦µĻԭأûǰҵĵ⡣
ȻӲ
ṴһĨŪһͷΧΪã͵ؽŮӵĻڰգһ͵ؽݺݵ˰Լ̳֮С
ΧһڵϵһЦųż̳ȥС۵׵𾪣Ůǲĺ¡
ŮùԣЦٻ⣬ݣݰףһۣŲɫȴһΪ񶾵ĳ
µĻ۵ŨŨĲʺɱ⣬Ǵȴһһ۵͡
ϼ̳һֹŮӵ°ͣǿңСȴĲУ͵سҪ赲ҵĶȴҴһӣݺݵĴ˺ľ餵棬ЩСˤںľϵ˲䣬һѪǰڼ̳ϵѪҺһ
һѪǱ˼£ӿϢȴ˲СͬƲɵ
Сڼ̳֮ϣһ˫סڵ
ô˵ҲҺģ֮û㾹Ȼң
ҵճһ߹ЦݣһֻʳָŮ°֮ϵ֣ҲΪݺݵ°͡
Щһ۽˳ǽһ˰ǰвңҵɲͬһˡ
ҽŮӵ°ͣһ̧СһۣһЦҿзЦƬ̣С塣
֮Ҳ䣿
䣬µ˼֣ŮӳҪȴһ񣬺ݺŵ˻ȥ
ĿһۣǺǡЦС塣
˵еĻգô磿
СɫһæͿڵʱǱɢˣֻꡣ
һֺǺǵЦˣǰŵӣɲǻɢ˵ġˡš
°͵˿ȴһ룬ݺݵĲ䣬һŴӽͼһֽ𣬳ŰԼ̳еĺľȥ
뿪ףСǿҪӣȴһƺݺݵĴ˻ȥ
ããۺУؽţ鱦⣬ն׳ط꣬ᦣԱ֮ƳӵĻ꣬ع񡭡
СҿɲİǸղžҪƵ
Ҫ֪ϵĶҪʧʷ֮ˣСѧǲص̫
ʱΧǣȫӿ˶İԼ̳֮Уҽµļ̳ȻʼתСƵ䵱ШӣԼ̳
һ˲䣬СͨɫȻЦˣҪʹƵ䱾ͲףټҪԼ̳Ե졣
ˣ㷽űԼĵɽ𣿡
ҿڣǵϷʲɵü˼֣ÿףҪС壬ŶԼɶ
һ룬ȴ͵ؽеķ飬ӷȡһͼ


061 ɱ
һͼµĲʱͣ

صĿҾȻҲһͼ
ȻһûŪͼõģǰӽǾͼɲһ㣬͹Գǻû㱻ɺԶ
͵ؽͼһסͼչ䣬ղŮµݣû٣·ȴϤòˣڻþмŮӣһģһ
¡һͼһ⣬֮תԼ̳Ҳʼת
ɲǣԭڵϵľȴʧˣûҶ룬ֲָҡͼĴ˲ٵ˴ˣȴŻղţôӣӲ
ɱէ֣Ӵûô
һĪЩЦȻΧһһûסꡱһЦ
ҽŻղţǣҲţ
䣬һµԽŨңкһס˫ָմȴ˼ΪҴϸܵв
ҪҰ𣿡
ʱһֱԿϷĹԳϷʿڣҲܿûаҵģһۣûᡣ
֮ǰ˵ǸŮˣΪŭͶɱ뽫նڴ˴
ͼȴ֪аأҲáС壬ʶʶ
աĹѨ֮ͻȻμһ伫һޱȡ
ͼϵȻԹĹޱȡ
㲻Ḷ́𣿡˾䣬ԺȴҲʼİ취ڱаġԼҪǺӲӲ϶治
ͼİк֪ܶ࣬ȴʱ
ߡһͻȻöͭǮһףֱأƫУó֮ơ
֪λõİڲ壬аŶݼ֮ҲдΪ֮ơ
֮ף֮֮адħ֮飬֮а֮ʬٹ¼һȫ
¡¡
ɽ֮ƴ·жħҪ
һ壬ҹٽ٣
ٹӵصӿ֣ݣߺһ䡣
μ
΢΢ףǰһָ
ɱ
ָķҵģȴܴЩζӰпԼЩ֧ͼ
ٹӦ
ǣ
ǹһ֣֮ûйء
ⳡЩ£ϵĳŲȴ͵аŶݼ׵ָ
ˣ˵أؿˣ˿죬ΪأҪ˹ҪԼλ
аизٻĻ꣬ʱԼԴﵽ˾硣
ʮ֮Уһɱ֮Լ־סѹ֮÷
һһ͵ҧָݺһѪԼѪҺһɱ
аݣ·Ȼɵӡҵұ˫ۣΧ۵ɲǣҿ³
׻϶ȸ䣬ԻΪΪʾ죬ұٳĻꡣ
ɱٻ˵вŴڵ飬סѹ֮Уƹֱ꣬Ϊ׻ȸ䡣
Χ¡¡ɱһһӿеӣȴò͵ҧ⣬ɱһѪѪ͵ػΪһɷӳ
һ·޷ԤͼļӳҾȻʩչ䡣
벻ǣҴС͸߳ǸûкἰκεҵĶȴһе˵ʩչɲϰ֡
кȻǳлţȻ֪Ϊʲôô֣ȴһֱڰĬĬҡ
¡һķӳУѪѪݺύǵѹ
ӿĴɲǼ䱻ѪѹУܶ
顣
Ѫаɢ
ʱüͷһ͵شһ
ٹ¼ɱҹٽ٣
˲ʧȥãѪɢ˿֮УЩסûüѪĴȫվ
Ҿ治ѣûü룬ЩͻȻ
Ŀ⿴ǰ棬΢΢̧ͷעǰڵȴʲô˵ĳ֡
μɱˡͻȻߺ
䡣
һƺһżе˳ֳ֣һѳüɱ˵ϣһɴ̱ǵѪζ
ֵɲǣԭŵĴһ壬Ȼ
أ񡣡
֪ˣɱ˭عΪܳĽ٣һս֮Ǹɱֹˣʮɱ
ҺЩڰֽ߬߬Сֹ˾䡣
адĴ˵Ȼģˡ
ĬȻɨǰͳǧ֮עתͼҳ֣Ϊ£
ǰŰȴֲ˵˾䡣
ɱ˰նɱһˡ
˭
ָң
ã£ͼٲҡ
ϣɫĿһۣԥľгָҡ
ɱɱ飬մѪһɱɱһˣʲô
ܾĵ£
һ룬͵ش߶аϵ²ȳ˰˫ָҪȴ͵
ͼٻġ
ͼ
ҲҲ
ڰĽпҪָؿڵǰһ룬͵ؽͼչ
һͼ˳˰ա
ɱĹҲʱͣ


062 
ͣ£̧ͷͣеͼѧĶ˫ӡٹ¼ɱҹٽ٣
ֻȴû㷴Ӧˣ
ͬͼͬǷ䣬ͬٻΪʲôĻ᲻ã
̫ЦˣΪɱʲô˶ٻ𣿾ͼô˵ǸŮӣо
ĿĴˣ΢̣ЦгָңķˣΪղŵΪ۰ɡ
ɱ̫࣬˵Թ۵ϡȴκЩԹɷѾŭˣɷɢӿΧ׷Χݼţû
һ𳤽
ѽѾɱ̫ˣԹ̫أӶ֮趯ߴ˹
״̽ųȥ
ˣŶݼ֮Уķ࣬ԭԼԸĲøպÿϡ
ģ±Уܡ
ʩչⲽԳɫ䣬ɱҲʮֲ졣
ֻǺþŸ̤ȥʹޱȣҿڱѪ
˿ЦЦ֮ǰʩչ˷ٻһֱڷ״̬ڵʩչġ
ɱҲϷһЦ
ָһͼ
һͼǰ档
¡
𳤽ͼϡ֣ͼȻû顣
Ҳ˿
ȴһЦҪɱˣûܵס
ֱ̧˹֮ͼһ߷˳ȥҲ˳󵹷ɳȥײĹѨʯϣѪøˡ
ЦЦ˹ҵĲϣ˵㶮٣˵ʱ±ӿͶ¡
˵˳ֱӶ׼Ҳӻ
ڵ̣Ȼģȴˡ
顭
ڳҵɲǣͻȻһǿУֱԱȥĺüվȣ俴ĹѨڣ¶ѪĹâӱߣɱ⡣
ҵŮˣҲ
Ϥһɴŵ֮͵ؽָҵĽѵһɺԶ
һ̣̤һ˫콻ͫģŨŨɱ⣬ɱ𣬶ֺ
һһͷīɲǷ绪
ɲǣɫ䡣
Ȼ㣡
Ǳȴδκβ
ãô𣿡
˵֮ǰİ񣬿ɺ;µһȣȴǧ򱶡
䶯ֻнҪŮ˵ĻҲ򡣡
˵ת׼ȥ
״æڡ
ɱͼ
ǼҪߣǰƺİˣɱ
û˵꣬ȻתƵɷϯ
¡ΧײɲǼ仯ƬʣǾߺľδֺŮ͵ؾһ¡
£Ҫָֻš˵˾䣬ȻȻתˡ
ߺ󣬾˹ַң˵Ұ㶥š
˿ڿˮ˲䱻

ҵŮˣܶġ
һ𣬽ĹѨĳȫΧ𡰺¡¡¡¡졣
·ĹѨ죬ͱɫ
ɽѵƲϷڵ͸ĹѨҵĶС
žǷȴֲʧĲҺȻһ㶡
ôǹװ
һ̾гǼŭ죬䵹תѪȾɽ
״͵ؽŮֻϼ֣̤вϿ͵һ
նظۻ꣬׵ǣڵͨѪƵԽ̫Ͼɱ
䣬ԵǾͼ˼֣мǹļơ
״ŨŨЦ⣬һʮֲмȻͣĶͷһۡ
ҡ
㶵Ľͼ˾С
ӹͼһչ󣬳һӣȴͼ͵غеǷһ
ͼҽôðɡ
ٶ𣬿оȻһ˿⣬ǰŵļȻʧ
㡭ָˣ
ˣ
ľ룬µҶܴ֮пҪӡ
û˵ȴֻЦЦ˸ĵĲ
ѽһԿϷĺء
ԳǵҶҪ˵һﻹˡ
ɾĿ⣬ȴһ̶ûͣڹԳǵϣӵĳס
вײ붪Ǿ˳ԡͼĹâԽԽңɫȴԽԽҰס
ڰϵпԿĴѾ
ˣֱԼɣǿӵǾĶ֣
һУȫҵġ
ң֣ٷңնݳ
һ룬д顱еǾͼڵأ͵غ˼Һ;룬ﻺɾȴֻᣬͼŻУȻνѵˮ£㼤ǧ˻лûǧķ
ֻݡһ͵سȥ
ԲϴŮӾֺµļһԿϷĹԳǣǳġ
ֻ͡һһֵ֮ס˾Ůâѹûв֡
Ѫ͵شϷӿ˿̵ͳΪһߡѪˡ
Щģͷȥȴ͵һŭ


063 ܶ¾
Ǹң
ŭ洫˽Ŀͣʱ˲ߣô䡣ô
ɱң
Ȼû˵Ѿˡ
ûôһ죬չ˵˻Ҫɱҡ
̡ҳźһ
̵ȴĿ£һѷĽкݺݵĿҺ;һۡ
ʱƬΣһĻĻǰôܰôʵҪֻ֪Ըδй
̴ӿڴͳһöҩ裬ĿУ״ὣҪУȴ¡
ĶԾҡͷ˵֡
ˡ
ܵĿѡ͵Ļ̣Сҵ֮ӽǡһϡ
ߵʱȴ͵תͷ۵׵ɱΡ
öǮ̵зɳƿ͵شҺ;ķѽݺݵĵ£͵ɿק֣ЦЦ
˲Ըء
Ļ䣬µĵذȴ͵ؿʼζûһع㱻һ§˻С
Χĵת͵رһĿȫǡһׯ϶ϵܣɲǼ䣬̵Ҷ
ããۺУؽţ鱦⣬ն׳ط꣬ᦣԱ֮ƳӵĻ꣬ع񡭡
ǡ
Ƶ䣡
֮ǰоʩչĲͬķһׯϺʥ
һ״ʱҲЩ
ԲϴɳµҸ̧ͷһȴ͵رһɣݺݵײǽ֮ϣĹѨĵҲ˳̮ǰɵһƬĳ
вϷ·ֻҪһ£ƬĹѨĿȫǡ
Ӱǰһ״й£䣬һƬڣ˺ɫϸꡣ
εκɫϸ꣬ѪƮڰգûаѪζȴճе൱졣
һѰҾ̵ȴ͵һӲתȴԳЦЦӡ
ģ
Ȼ˹ԳǻһԻġϷ
ҵգĶ˵
ܲˡ
ʿˮµҪˣɲ̤һ㱻שݺݰڵء
һ⧲ֺݺݵĳȥŵĴһƬʺ졣
˰
Գǵǡۡ
ҲϵĳȥҪѰҾӰɳԸֱ֮⣬Ӱɴ˿ɼ״ļҡ
ҵģҲĲ
ƭңҿ⣬ϾҺദʱ䲻ࡣ
̡
СҡϤġĳȴΪһııҪҵ
ҽǾͼ볯ŲԳȴվԭزϵңûж޵Ц⣬ȴҵģӻˣ
㡭ô
ͣĶڣĵȴôҵܡ
ҲϵļͷҪааһð
Ҫʩ䣬ȴ͵ط֣ûаұ˵ˣҶ֪ô
ԳûشңЦǰһѽҴӵק𣬻ʮĵģڴͳҰǳһɶ
Ҫջ֣ȴһѺݺݵקסͷҵĶߣ
㿴㺢ҲûˣȢΣ
ұ仰ŵ͵صɴ˫ۣһʱ侹ֻƽȮ۵ĸо
֪һԣ̲ŴĲɿһߵģΣգһ뺰ҡ
ɹԳȴ룬һ룬ɫ۱䣬ĿעңһһĿڡ
ڣ𣿡
Ҹҡͷȴ۵׵Ŀ˲˼֣Ҷĺֱ
ûԳҲżЦЦ͵ҵҪ߳ĹѨҪȴǼΧҵҸûпѵء
һֻڶҪ
ȻЩڣûܷŵĴУаɲаֻҪֱģ캦飬ܱΪа
ɡ
ȻϤɲǣ˼ĵɴ˫ۣʶĸŹԳǻعͷ
ˡ
ȻǷţ
ԳǺͷʶˣֵǣһ˭ӶĹԳǣ˿̵۵׾Ȼһ𾴺͸ӡ
ұԳ̬һûζĿһۣſҡ
ǰԷŵ˸ͷŲĻһ飬ǰ͵ؾߡ
ûѷŵ֣ǽָ˾ķ򣬿ڵ
뻹ء
ɷžȻ˵˾䣬ҹܣڲߣ߲ˡ
ұ仰ŵĲᣬᶼ߲ˣõ÷ıʣ
Ҹܽ붪ˡ
ɻûҿڣž˿ɫķ䣬ֻоԼһۡ
һ룬Ҳ޷Լ壬ȻŷųŶȥ
Ȼ֪ŲẦңȴǻŵĲУ뿪Ȱ裬ȴһŵ˻ȥ
ҲߣԶϣҪҸҿڣа취ұ졭
ҵģϰֽҪ֣ȴֺҶġ
ұŴĹѨʱѾָʣȻӵķˮɹŹ֣ԭȿήĻȴ׷ð
󣬷ŽϵϷժ£ժµ˲䣬͵ػͷĹѨȥ
Ҳܶһ



064 û
Ҳû㱻ŵһʻͣ˽Ų
𣿡
֪ʵҺ޲̣Ųһ٣ͷ򷿶šҡҡͷ˵
ޡ
źȻЦˣȫϢҾ÷Źִ顭
ǰһĶҵУҵͷһȻǰߵİ壡ͷ˲䣬ȴİ壬ͬŵͼаȫߣ󿪿ڵ
ûЩ֮һܣȥֻǸ鷳
ûҿڣűŵ˾䡣
ңѾˡ
֪Լȥ϶׸һöһǷŲ£ۼ밲ȫܷȥ
Ǽһȥ̾һҵ
ң벻µġ
һ͵ػͷ˾䡣
ģ
ŵͷŵ²١
壬а飬ͼȫҵУĿ֣صĿڵ
ǰǩǷתʱ򣬾ֽΪШӣ뽫£ʱڲʱǩµԼôڵ㣬ԸΪµĵ𣿡
Ѿ峿ΧɵˣҴûŻᵱҵ棬Ϊӡ
˼ȴ͵𷽲ŷҵǾ䣬
ҲޣĲޣҲ̣ңҺԼҺԼܣԼССŪڹƣȴ޿κΡ
ҸͷΧȴһ磬дһɹȳϢֻһš͵Щ£ϵ·ƵĵƶһʱЩ䣬˫ȶ˶ȴ͵ظеһճĶ
һ룬͵ؽԼĶϣȴֱ¡С˿̾Ȼȥ
ɲǼ䣬ԺԼСӳ¡ݺ˦ڼ̳ϵĻ桭
̳ŵѪҵģСҶﺢӵġ
˱ۣʷš
ҵĺû𣿡
ȴһ꣬ǿĵģɷҵȴĪĴһů⡣
ǡ
ҿʵȴĸһ䣬Ӳֻʧ̥̳ϵɷɢ˻ǣۻ꣬ʱһǾۼӻġ
ţʱվǶãȴûһ׼ȷĴ𸴡
ֱ⺢ӣǲǾʱȴ£ҵ˵ͷ˵ǡ
˲һϲһ뵽ӵ飬ɫ˲ֵȥ
ʷţȻңգΪʲô֮ǰҪôҺ;ϡ
ΪʲôҪҺ;ף
ɷȴش˵ǿܿǶԳֵʱұ֪ˡ
ϣ˭Ҳû˵ȻĽãֱҵģ׶Ķ׼ŵ۾
һ룬͵Ҫ¹ʦȴһס˵ﲻǵطң߳塣
ӵʱ֣ð˼ԤУӣҺпܻҡһˡ
ûдһȥǴҽһҾƵ꣬ݺ˲裬ʽ¹򣬿ͷڽݺõĲϣŰݺʦ
ʦɲǣźȻЦˣҾ䡣
㲻ģ˺а̣
ҡҡͷ˵˾䣺
аʩ˵;
οЦЦҵ˾䡣
ľ߸ߣ߸硣ĺʣ߰ĴߵůĻ߰Ц
仰ʤģҽȴһѽҸ˳ȥȥڷϢú˯һ
⻰˵꣬Ҳ͵Լ񡭡
Դӽ˻Ĺ֮һֱԼĵĹɵãҶԷţŶʦһЦݣܻȿõһ䡣
صʱѾ磬̫Ӵ˽⣬ȴ˯ʮְȡ
壬ͼа黹Сǿ꣬һһҰ˴ͷϴ˲䣬ҽеһж֮Ժ󣬺ݺݵģ˯һξ
ʱɫҿ˵ƣȥϴ˰󽫴ͷĶպãȥҷţȴôãòҳɵƬ̣ȴ͵ط֣ԼĽ¾Ȼһţ
źܳӡһȴǣİˡ
Ų˯ʱˣԼⱾаϵ
жʱһֻڶʦϺû𡭡
ŵ˵ĸӺʦǽŵһָҪʦıӻҸ޷
ԼⱾаϵңԼСĵ㣬пܣῪʼ׷ɱҡ
ӹԳ°ҪߣԳһܲģҪץҡ
ԳҪץҲ̫£̡
ҴСǵ̫߳鶼һοûбʲô׷䣬Ҷ֪
ߣҪŶݼҵķλҺܱܿץ
Ҳû뵽㣬ǡġңҷҷһƿҩܹıҵϢòʱɱκ˶͸ҵ֣ⵤҩиõġ
þǣҪڶʱ֮ڣûѧаǰʮµ̵ݣаŶݼƪֵݣҵֻ᳹׸ı䡣
ڸıʲôҲ޷ֻ֤˵̫á
ĩˣ˵˾䣬֮ô׵ĴӺľ߰壬пõǿ꣬ڷһ·
ûɱңȻͲ;򶷵ɲǣһս
ҿ仰Ȼ͵һ˲Ҳ֪ϲǱһʱЩ
ҿ꣬ٿʱȴڿһ仰㽫Ÿ˺ˣ


065 
һλдģȻǸңȻҩ԰ڵһЩϢȥҲԸıҵòҵ񣬵ǡ
Ǻпܡбİ취ҵҵķλԼСĵ㣬¶ˡ
оǣӵԼʵȥԿеһУͱԼûԼ֮ǰȥϵκһ֮ǰʶѣҲ롣
ţ󻹼һ䣬ҪôࡰӻһǱץ֡Ǿͱ˵ͽˣӶˡ
ͷŽӴҲһˣοǰǼƷôãǰô˾÷䣬֮⣬ȴûȻôĿӡ
ôġȤĬ
ſ꣬Ұ˺֮󶪽ˮ͵ܻط䣬ҵ˵ƿҩ
ҩֻ࣬ţÿܹάһ£Ҳ˵Ҫ֮ڣûѧŶݼ׵֣ûнаǰʮµѧᡣ
͡ײˡ
ƿҩȴƿѹ֤֤Ҷʱһеļο塣
֤ϵƬһǳͨŮӣģ۾ƤȦĸԭ첻˵ϾȻһŴ룬֣ĵ
Ŵϼ
ҶʱĶˣǷŸҰŵ
ѹûдⳤԼЩ޷ݰɣ
ŭ֤еҩƿܵ˸ӣԼ֤ϵݺݵһ
ǻݣǻŴ
Уһ
ͷұ㽫ƿҩ򿪣浹һöСҩֱ̽
СҩζЩ࣬Щɬ˵ʲôζЩɫζԽЩڸ
ҪǶžӣۿԼı仯һöССҩ边Ȼô
ſ˵Щʲôȴ͵طԼǹѼɤ
ҳŭˣҪֻڻĹﱻǾ飬һ绰򵽷Ǳ߰һ١
ôԼͽܵ
Ÿݣ㲻ŪŮŮװҲɰ
ԼŴϼĵʵԶ˼ҵ꣬ѡ˼Ĳ·֮ҪǮȴ͵طԼǮȻ˱ûд
뽫·ʱ£Ƥȴɵúһܸоʲô£Լһ飬ɳǰ˽а飬ͼ廹ƿҩ֮⣬Ҳûдκһ
ϽһöָöָǴģʮ͸ҵġ
һ뽫öָϰѹţһȥǮϰȴ˵ⲻѺ˼ԣһǼٵÿ
ܵһԵĽ꣬ǧǮǧҵϰˣһ߼ۻصģõ϶ŷȥ
˼ٿǮ·ϰ壬ŷرݴȥǮ
пãһòͱ¶Լ
ǮﻹһǧǮڵ˵ֱǾǮ
Ҳŷұݣȴŵһɷǳֵζ˵ʲôζһζʲôõζ
ǰϷƤٴηҺȻʮֲõԤУľ˲һʣµǧǮһֽ߬ȭ
ɾҸסǲ㷿ȵʱȴһɫɷ׵͵ײһ
һСĵģЩұײۣüҪˣȴ͵ŵһζѬĲҪŻ˳
ٰĿתӵʱȴ͵ط֣ɫɷף澹Ȼʬߡ
ұŵͷƤ˲һ飬װԼײˣһ߶˵Ų˼һæӿŲǰȥ
·ԼסǼӵ˲䣬ҸܵһɱȻлر˽⣬ɽӴˣٻܹ³Լıˡ
Ҹղʬ壬пܣųߡ
ҵˣǹԳǣĸ˵Ҷܡ
ұϵӣʮֵļªûκμأȻҹܱץš
ڴֻǧǮҪôɹ£
µǣϣұ֮⣬ҲҲڶˣҲ˵ຣĲͲ̫ȫ˵ҹȻұݵô󣬿һŮҹҲ൱Σգ
һҼװߴ¥㣬͵ܵ¥ٿһ䷿ʱȴ͵ط֣¿ķ䣬֮ǰסǼ䷿Ķ档
ɵãҿϰ塣
ûķ𣿡
ϰҡҡͷ˵ղ˺຺ܶס˽䶼ˡ
֣ɵÿһĵһϰ壬סĺ˳ʲô
ϰȴ͵سһָ
󡣡
ұϰ仰ŵ䲻˸ӲԴȥȴ͵ؿ̽һҵұŵȶˣȴЦӯӯǰһ䡣
𣿡
ȻӸղǾʬҾͲµҩ֮ǰܱܿˣȴ룬ǾȻô
ӣӦݳɹûϳҡ
һЩװ򶨣εЦæ֣˵˾䡣
Ҽǰຣסұݣסǡþ䣬ʱ˯е㲻̫ϰߣһֱǵڡ
䣬ȴ̽ЦЦı飬Ŷһ̽ʱں˿ӣ
ຣܵټε𣿡
ҵ˵ͷû˵ȴǰ˺ü۾ûҵŲ·ҵϿЩʲô
һ룬Ȼҡ
ϴ⣬ȥθҽܽܣҲȥ
һ⻰ʱɫһĵװѳ̽ʮ˴ʺһ顣
ҲǵһຣǱŴ֪ʲôط


066 ̽
ɴ˿̵Ҫǻش֪̽һɣȲ˵Ƚң˶ǺڻûлڣĽҰɱʬһʲôӣοϲġ
аԴϴα֮Ҳûκ棬Աûֻ׸
ҾԱӳСҲܿᱻץ
û˵̽˫һ
ţһŵһ͵ػصԺ֮УұͽŲģĸӻҡ
ͷһҵɫȻüʳ̽
ҺȥʲôطҪ˵
Щ壬ȴΨһİ취ԸģҲǧɡ
Ȼ̽û뵽ôһС۾һŴ롱ŮƢȻôվԭ㶣æȤ˵ǵһ棬ķ羰رҪҡ
òޣȻǸڹԳߵˣٶһƴ˵˲ȥԼĵ뷨
ǿ׳һһۣתұϰ˷Ҳֱת¥
ûңֻ¥ݵʱȴĸܵһȵĿⲻ϶ҵҪĿһѻ𣬹ͱյİ
ֱȫʧڳ̽Сųһͷϵ亹ԼŵĻð˺
ò˵ڵ˵Ƥӵ£õĳɳ
¥ݣûĿ̧𣬱ݺݵײһܣ̧ͷһȴײǰǾʬ
æ˵˼ǸӿŲҪȥŲŸ̤һûأȴ͵ػһĿһб㿴һֻ԰ִʬߵ֡ҵֱۡ
ҵͷƤһ飬ȴһĨЦ⣬ҪƲʬ֡ȴϴĴжĻ
һŻָ˵˾䡣
𣿡
ʬû˵ֱֻ۵ָ˼֣˫һ۾Ķҿ˺þá
ŷſңĳ¥ȥ
ʮƾɡ¥ϲѾõľǡ֨ѽ֨ѽͷϵİ׳ҲΪߵϻ˸Ѿʮµຣʮֵĺ䣬ִںԽϸߵĵطһ¥ݿڴ˽ֱӴҵĲӺ
Һݺݵӣͷȴ͵𣬰ҹñͷ
æӿŲ͵سŸտķȥȴڿŵ˲䣬Լˡ
Σɲʲôˣ˶ҵĲӺ
Ҳ̲ס͵һͷȴղǾ¥ʬȻϢĳҵҶʱŸҪͷһȴڲ˵ֵʱ͵رݺһˣ㱻˵ڵء
ĵװȫһߣýֺ붼ܲµʬǳ̽̽ҵġ
ȻԼǺڵԼԸһ߲ʬǲ⣬һ¶ֱ֣ӽԼ¶ǰ
͵أҺݺһҧʹ̵ǰһƣȾͳ¥ȥ߿ޱߺɱˡ
ݿ֮ǰѾš棬޵ǽһ滨꣬ŲҾ徵Ҹұ֤˿һξͲ뿴ڶΡ
̽һȺ˻¥£װšġһ䡣
ô
Ҳ߶ʮһ͵ؾһѱһᳯȥȥ˲䣬Եĸܵһ˸ŭ⣬޲һѽҶ⡣
ɰˣòװƽ⡱ģɫ鶯Ĵ˼ֽݺݵĽҴƳӲֽϰҲϵˮ
ʱҪһ㣬ƶܲƤ
ȴ֪ϵƤ˰㣬⸱Ƥҵµǲʶˡ
ֻȴʧˣϵ㣬ԲûиƤߡ
ұŴޣ͵ָָԼϵԭ죬ų̽һ䡣
̣ҵˡ
̽ɫ͵һֽҲֻ˲ճȭͷȴһ룬˿һͰ׵Цݡ
ôŵôˣ
ҵɫ˲һ㣬ҧһһޣһѱһ˽˳̽ĻУ󺰳һ䡣
ղšղǿҡ
⻰һ˵ұΧ󳰷Ц˭޷һŴС۾ϻһŴŮģȻǿ
СҶȴǼΪˬرǿ̽˿ҪŭȴֻӲµı飬ĵ׸ֿ˻
ңҺңžʬңôӦ㣡
װű˳ʮֲˬ޵ĸӴˣȫ˳̽·ϣɢŭ⣬Ƹ׶ܸܵõ
ҲиȣҼŲˣæָָ¥ݿڣʳ̽
̣ȥ𣿡
̸䣬̽Ҳװ˷ŵ򶨣Ļðɣ͵ؾһѽҴƷڵأһָңƵĿڡ
ҲԼǸԣ˭ǰ̣
Ļ䣬ұܸܵΧ˵ıġ
ڵҳó󣬿ɳôˣҪ֪ڿѰġߡ
ǵңֱӰƵ˱ĵ档
һѾ˿סˣһ̷ŮǰҴӵקʮĿ˳̽һۣС˾䡣
һƤңȴЫĳ
ò˵̷Ů˵ıҲһ仰˲ѳ̽ɫ죬ֻû̧Ⱥ˳ˡ
һ룬̽һ˲佫Ǹ˻ȥȻӯӯǰһסҵ֡
˼ղŶҲãҶģʶҲԵ֣ȥòã
һԵ֣˲һŻ
˭ôʶԵء


067 ̽
Ҷʱ̽ĵĲУҪƿ֣ȴŵһ䡣
Ͳʮ㺰Ұ̣ǸŮӶͦĵġ
һ仰˲佫ìͷָҵϡ
͵ɿ̽֡һ˺ݺݵײϣһûͬԼˤ˵ϡ
̽ûϵʱҾȻٶһԴֱŵأֻ飬顣ҵĶͷҲˤ˵ϣ˲һ߿޻һ߽̽ӵק
㣬˼Ҳǹġ
㣬ˣȴҲԼĵĲС
ҪǣԼ󡣿ȥʮѻ鸾ŮһۿȥͿɱ˲١
۵һ˿ɱ⣬Ȼܿ챻ȥȴûӳҵС
һ룬Ƕ̷Ůڴ˽֣ұˣҪҪǿɱվⲻȥֲҪ
䣬кڿæǣҵ֣ҳ¥ȥֱӽ̽ӵĳס
¥ϵɲǣ̷Ůʮϧսҵ֣СĵĶ˵
ղŮģͲʲôöһŮס϶ȫȻϸ˯ɣ
һ͵صɴ˫̷ۣŮ
Ӧȴܾ
ӦǺԼĻ¡
ܾǺºŮһס֮ϡ
û뵽һ뾹Ȼڵ
ҺʦǴеĿıΪΧа·ұݵʱȴܵһŨŨŽЪ˽ţҪû´Ļұݵ¥ŮѲ˸ϵͲĺˡ
ҧҧ촽
ŮĿȥҲҿ޵ʱοңһôйأ
仰׳աԼ̲ס¿ˮŮȴĵĲУĵĺҽץҵֲãϷҪһ˯
ĵ׳˸м˿Ůӣڿ˿ԵˣһȻʮ⣬ȴ˸оǷ
ɾŮӶõҲðôķա
οѲǸճСŮˣһ˶ãͷεĺѣһǳ̽ʹĹһô죿
æܾŮӼЩһֱֻ̾һһƷ˵Ҫϳʲô£ͰŻƷȼҡ
ҸмĿһۣƷ£˿Ѿ¥¥ݿڣߵ϶һŨŨһȳϢѬ̲סӡ
һΣŮͬǼӵϢȫ
ֱǽ¥߱飬ȴӰ
ŮӺȻڣҸղҪǿҵˣʲô
ҽǾʬһ飬ϵİߺص˳֮ҡ
ȷǿкܶɫİߺ𣿡
ҵ˵ͷŮɫ˲һ䣬ӿڴͳöǮ͵سһס
ǮҪصɲǣȻڿֱ˿
ŮӣԵǼɫ쳣ѿٴλͷһۣʵ
Ҫһס𣿡
˵԰Ҳϰߺͱ˯һ
ȴ̾һҵĶԣ˵
˵ǸҪǿģܲˣһʬ
ұšȽ˲һŮӳ˸εЦݣ˾䡣
ܰɣ
û˵ֻǽĿ׼ȵĵײ
ȻƾɣȴǲСȵľͷиС̨ʱ˳ĿԶԶһãȴ͵ؿһģӰϡ
ǾʬȻ̨ϣ
ŮӵҲڴʱ˳
ҪûĻʬǰ棬˵вǳ׾ͰҶǮ顣
ʮϵİ˰֪Ǿ̫ƣ̫ĹĶǣǺЩЦ滢ʱˡ
ҾȻģѧ˸߰˷֡
ŮӼҡ¡ҵıָָҸտķţ˵
أֱӭķţ׻ײɷСĵ㡣
ҵ˵ͷŮæл
Ҫָ֪ǰסģ֪᲻ᱻŸ
˿ʱ䣬Ѿʮһ룬ŮԼСĵ㣬ɹʹˣܶͶȻȥ˯ˣҵġ
תɲǣһûסһ䡣
Ϊʲôң
ȴգգ۾ЦЦ
ǵ۵ּ·ƽε
ҲЦˡ
֪ǲǾ̫๴ĶǣһˣҾȻضĸо
Ůǰ˵ޣҵ֡
֣Ҳѿڶˣһ룬˵֡
Ŵϼ
һꡱһЦ˵Ļر
ҵɫһڣȴֺֻǺǵĸЦĵĬĬĽĳλͽܵʦһ顣
ߺյȺЩ͵ؾʹһԵķ˽ȥֱصİķһ
Ҳ֪ǲҽⷿķһ飬ȷûʬ֮ĶŰĵ˴ϡ
ڴû룬͵شӴ𣬿˿̵£ȷûණһ
һҶرĵ´һʬ壬ͷվһֻŮ
һȴల£һ˯ҲûʲôŹֵ顣
⵹Щ죬ҿǰѳ̽Ƕ񶾵ӣðҰ˲Ƥ
һȴҵĸӻ
˿ʱ䣬㣬͵شӴԼʰһ飬Ҫȥһ˴뿪
ɲŴ򿪷ţȴһ
һˡ
Ҷֱˡ
⵽ô£


068 
ֱұ˾¼űŵһ亹
ҵָǼҽϰˣʱŵҵöָ
Ҫǣϰöָж͸Ƥġ
öָʮ꿪ʼڣûκ飡
ӽļзҵĽָܿ㽫ĿҵϣټӲҳôСص㡱
һ֮󣬼ɵĽҴš
Һܶ⣬޷ǾǺͽϰûгΪʲôﵱָΪʲôҪຣΪʲôסڲ֮Ļ
ô;ԼຣסڲΪΣһûǮԵָϰ֮ǰ޹ϸ
ɽϰʬ챨ǱöָģȻû֤֤öָжҲû֤ݿ˵öָ޶
ͺϷȱд˾籾Ƶġ˸绰˵ڰΨһӷܷߣðҹھ죬Ȳ˵
ҲǸˣ󻹼˾˵ұ̫ġ
һ⻰ʱĶˡ
ָһɧ
Ϳ뿪طɱôһϣһԼĸо
ھѺҵʱûͼа飬Ͱ嶼ҵϣҲǸҼο塣
Ѿٽ磬ȴûнʳһʱӶЩСݵıȥĶӣȻЩϰߡ
û˵ʱ˰ɣ
˱۾ǿԼȥ̫࣬עϡ
ָжɺϣұҵˣȫס
ֻߣͳ̽ӣϰɱҪҵģ
һתۣҹƵģûиͷҲûҹʻ
ʮѹ֡ѹֵĽĵ׵ķ㹴Ҫаըҩը
ԺвϵŶԲߡȴһη֣ԼС
ڱѺҪǾ룬Գǣͳ̽Ѱɣ
ɶڵ˵Ƿһҡ
Ժи֣ҵͷ͵һȻаŶݼף
ŶݼڹŴڵǲִõıԤˮҵˡ
˿ףųߵȵԤѧ
ҪѧаŶݼףǲǾԤ⵽ƽİ취
ҵȴû̫ϣа˳Ŷݼ׵£֮ǰһƬհ׵ҳ棬ʱ֣ǳϵͳĽŶݼ׵֣ݣϾ֣˳
ֽ˲伤ĲУҪʼȴ͵ϴһŲŵ˫һⱾа͵˵ϡ
ʿˮаպãɫȥĶȴžડһ˴ˡ
߽ǸղѶҵĹ죬һӣװŷˣǰ֮󣬶˵˾䡣
СģҿҲɱ֣ϰԩ޳𣬲µġ
һʱмĿһ۹죬˵ͷȴ̾ϢĿһ֮תȥ
꾯ķˣҹѾˣҲû˼ڽаóоˣһԼڱ˼ô죿
ˣѺڱӷĴƨһԽҾԽǷ꣬ڴϷȥͣȻ֪ԼҪģ취뿪ԼǸ޷ע
Ҳ֪ǲãҾȻоΧĿƺԽԽˣֱҵĹҶ䲻˸
п鲣Сպܿ棬Ҳ֪ǲǴҲŽĿתţȻоԼǰ׹һ·ʲôǰƮ
ұΪԼĴһȴ͵ط֣ǰǰƮġ׹⡱˿վһնҡ
ôǰ׹⣿
ǴŰͷɢŮ
ȻѾǵһμɼͷڵɫ࣬ѪͷϳŮǺµĲС
ҴаϼǱģȴͨĵǡԼͷ֮ϡ
൱ңԹأűԼͷĹ͸˵ˡ
˵˷̽ҵģҹƶЦ
аƣ˻Լͷ֮ϣ
Ůվ⣬ĺҶӣһ룬ȴȻЦˣЦʮֹ죬춼ѵ˶桭
ֻһһҵķۿžҪţҵȴ׻ˡ
ɻҵͬʱȴһ
Ȼһֱ׷ɱңȴмаļɴ˿Կܻûߡ
ȻԳҲмµĳ̽ȴϲʹ
Կ϶̽ѽϰɱ⾯֣ų˵Ϊңĺ޲ɱң
ҪǷȲ˵ܴܲĹŮһܱ¶Լݡ
ڣп
Ůŵ˲䣬͵ؼע⣬ηĶŮȴȫﴩ˵ϡ
ֳô󶯾ȴһ㷴ӦҲûУԴŮЦЦΧֻŮǡգգաĽŲ
͵سŲȴһݺݵײǽڡ
ľ崲Ĵͷ඼ǽڣɳ˽ҵġǽڡ
ŮѾҵǰ͵ؽҧƣѪҺ˲ҵĿǻŮڿһ㣬ڿһϣ
ɾңҽѪ˲䣬Ԥϰݺһ㣬Ѫ˸ա
б
ŮϸҶǳͷѾҵϣʱҶĸ


069 û
ĳҺݺݵһץסľ崲ϵĴҧͷһѪȴ͵طԼղѪ̫࣬ᾹȻûѪˣ
ɲǼ䡣ŮͷѾҵŲ˲ӣݺݵĽҲһҶʱɫ࣬Ժ˫ֲϵĴľ崲Ҫһ˿˵ע⣬ȴ޼¡
ֻгûн͵޸ҵŻƷֽǵãŻƷʱǺҳ£Ҫǳ¾͵ȼŻƷҵȼŻƷʲôã
޹ˡ˵ҶˣȻ֪ƷܱܲаܹǼӳֹķ䡭
ԥ˲ҾͳŮȥȻһ룬ﴫ˻˻˻Ůһ͵صڵأԼ
ɫϣڵǱʲôḯʴĿҪڻƵģԭҿĲ˳
ҴӴ͵Ⱦ볯ܣɲûҵĽȴֱͷһѰ˵ϣһûע⣬ֱ˵ذϡ۵ΪԼٶŤˡ
ذϺһɹ͸ֱͶ˹ؽڴһֹסĴ£ɾڴʱŮһͷĳ𽥴ҵĽһֱӵ˴ȣ·𲻽˹ͷĲݡ
ҲͣĶҪѣͷȴҵ˫ȲԽԽԽԽ۵һ˿ûС
ۿͷҪӵС˿Ҫڲóһ赲Ҳòˣ
˼ǵɲǣﾹȻһսζҽĿһŤתȻ޸ҵŻƷƾȼ
ֻ˲䡣һԵصڶط磬ֻʱ䡣һź۵ǰϺ۽ڵʵʵбһִ˴˵е
Ҫؿڵĳ˲˻ȥûһԾ˺ѷΣִŲʵ˻
Ůùǣ̴ʵĵɴ˫ۣ͵سǰȥҪѣȴһ뱻һ˻
˲䣬һɹѪŮ˿£ʮңһǵһμⳡĵɴ˫ۿŮ˵صףʧ
ɵɵԭغü룬ȴûл⡭⵽ôһ£
Ȼ˿ʶĻعͷȴһϤס
ˣȻޣ
ҪûǴĻڸʮһ˰ɣ
û°ɣ
ɷ׵ĿڣŻҡҡͷ˵û¡
˾䡣
ôģ
ȴ֣ߣ
͵صɴ˫ۣ˲ϸϸ˾䡣

һֱӴҵԴϣߺܸߣһ壬һͷĶ̷ԵʮָҶŴǰͶƵģһ죬һء
Ŀһ̧ۣ֣ǰ˻ΣԿײҶ㶣ʶĽĿתűߣһ
Կף
ȴ˵˾ұܣҵֱ߳ηηŵǼлǰͷ졣
һҳǾȻ۵Ŀһۣ۵׵˼Щ
֮Ҳ֪Ľұȡ
ޣȴûƵĽԿ׷˹Уֱ߳˾֡
ֱҵ棬һ˸Żָǣ
⵽סʲô
񿴰׳յĿһ˾䣬㱻ݺҲܾ
ʱҵԲĿһˣȴʱԸҡ
ҸмĿһޣĵȴĽѡ
ѾɫĳǵȺ򣬳ȫڱͬеˡ
ǶЦЦǴк˳һǰסľƵꡣ
ŽƵ꣬еһȻûڴ￴̽ȴܴƱһûߡ
ϾһûŪ
ò˵˭СǼĳŮˡ
޽ͻ˷ȴûߣǽĶõҵķ˵Ҫ˯
ЩΣ̫ϲͱֲͬþܾһʱЩԥû˵
ȴ񿴴ҵ˼˵˾䣬죬ұ֣ϱߵʱ˯º֪ͦھεģϾƤӵ±ץģһֱ˵ûңҲűץġ
ĵͦζģҺֻһ֮Եѿܶ㲻ϣȴҷĵס
Ҹ뿪˵Щʲôȴڵ
Ҿ˯һϣ½㻹£ȻҲϵŮģɿͲưոݵߣ·Сĵ㡣
ĵһůݺݵĶ˵ͷֱϴڴˣǰҵŻƷֽʲôô档
ȴңǵصĻƷֽҪʱٻҲԵ׷ٷãÿеɽһЩûаյʱ򣬶ҪĵӴϱ
Ϊ죬ôҪĶң
лȴҵ⣬æҰ˵
ϼҪǰҵѣͱ˵л֡
仰ϲ
˵ʦܸЩֿ׵Ķ
ҵʦұͬʱһѡ
Ҵĵף˸Цݡ
飬֪̽óȻһҹ˯
𴲵ʱѾˣϴôȥһ೵뿪ȴסңһöӲĶҵУҵͷһҵľȻҵöָ
ӦͶ·˲Ż뵱Щûˡ


070 ǻ㲻
һ˵ţһ黹ԼĿڴӿڴͳ˿һģһŻƷһصҵС
һͦ³̽ģصġ
ôĶĸգҪܾȴݺס
Ҫǰҵѡ£
˫˲һȦ
Ϊʲôôã
һɿǻСôõˣ̣ǾˣΪң롭ȴȥ
ҺƼˮ꣬ô˭֪뿪⻹᲻ʲôʡ
ûҸж꣬ȴһƴҵԴϣȫȫһŮӵģҡ
ɵ𣿿ɶ
Һݺݵӣ֪Ʒǲˡ
ĵףȴ׽޵ˣѡ
˱𣬸תҪߣȴסͣ˽Ųһͷһۣ
ôˣ
ȻִӶͳʲôҵУҵͷһ־Ȼһ쳮Ʊ
Ǹ
ҽüͷ⣬ȴǿӲҪ£˵ҰѽָһûǮˣջؽָʱһָһҺҪҪûǮĻǻġ
Ҫܾ̬ȴΡҸ޴ǷѾƽ޹˼ôණĲ˼
ˣҲ˵ʲôҽǷֿ꣬ڶ˵˾䡣
ŶˣǽָϵĶǳ̽µģҰŪɾˡ
ĵ׵ĸм˲٣˾䡣
ôƫ
ȴûҵˣ˵˾䡣
ˣҶ
һʱȤ١ʲô
صĶ˵֡
һ
Ļ䣬һʱһֻϣ
ʲôҽŵĿڣҵֶˡ
Ҳ֪ʲô˵ǻŵĵطڿ˰ɽͷŶݼײˣţݡˣŴÿе󷨱仯ˣһŵ·һܻûˡ
˵⣬صĴ˿ż
ʦҲûһôǷȥֻ˵ȥ棬ҪߵĹ˹ǰǵöͷĹ˶ǵ۵أˣٻĻƷġ
ЩɫѾ׵Ĳҵ
Ĺ˽ʲô
ҡҡͷ˵еƧҲˣתתӣ˼ƬŸңСʲôգŶգ
һѾ˰أŮӻգȻôǿݺʵ
ҪôţƣΪɶҪܱ˸Ū
ʱڻĹĹûб򿪣Ҳ֪Ĺûͼ
ͼʲôô˵񡭡˶õ
ǼɫԽԽѿҵԴôˣǲû˯ˣ
ҡҡͷ˵û£˵ĹҲ˵൱գǰڻĹϱߵĴ񣬻һҹ֮ȫʧء
Ŷһ˵ЩϢҲȴһ͵صɴ˫ҡ
ô֪ǵطлĹ
ɫ˲һףǺǡЦæ˵˻ĹĹѨڿհɽͷһʱ䣬һЩţ̫׳۾ͼ
䣬ŵ˵ͷҸŪȥǰҾ䡣
˵ĸŽȥȫ𣿡
ʶ˵˾䣬СΪк͡
仰˵꣬ҵĺ͵һŷԼĻеˡ
ҲǸͷ࣬һ˵Ҳûʲôæҵл֮󣬱ҵˡ
뿪ݣ˼ҩ˴֣˼һױƷ˷۵Һüʺ߱ʣܵﻻ£ͷ£һŨŨķ۵Һƫ˵ߺСµüëҸұ֤Ҵʱӣľǿͽܵʦңһϵó
СһУ뿪ӵĴ͡
ڴ˯һʱѾൽˣһҲûзʲôɵ˴ͣ˼̳ٿ˸ֻܴܽ޵ĺϣѰ˼ҪҪţͷȴԼˡ
ŻƱֱ˷ɻһȴڷɻͷȲ塭
Ҫ֪ຣķɻǸ
һմӻĹúö
ڣҴ롣
һ֣ϵĺͳ̽ԳֵʱҲڣֻûѡ
ʱңվǰ߾Ҳûϳûע⵽ôһˣĻ˿
ɻأصһĸоð
Ǹǻǻ㲻ҪᱻҵǶ㵽ĺǣֿܣȻˣҲǵƤӵ¡
ڻʱҵĿ⻹ϵķϣֻûĿһ顣
޵֮˸йƺҲйȵĿ⣬ϻͷȺв鿴˳ƵԴĿ⡣
һĹûע֮ȺѾҲӰ
̾ϢһմӻƤȴ͵̧ͷȻֿӰ
ͬǣվŵĻ徻ӣԿ徻лϡ
徻ӿɲǰӣҪҰĿһֱϣܿᱻݾߣɵãҽĿһŤת㳯ǵķߣɲûҾȻ˴ӳڴ߳ĳ̽
ģǻ
ҸղŷķɻûпӰ
һʱ䣬һֻڶתڻ򣬿ȴҵš
ϼϼҲɰ
ǳ̽ġ


071 
һ˲佩ԭأĶ˶٣ֱ˳̽ǰȥ
̽һ߿ȴûƵģӿŲܵҵԣصҵļһסҵ֡
ϼôң
̧ͷǿ񾭲һ˳̽һۣһѽֱϵָקſֿҵȫ飬۵Īȴ쳣ۡ
˭
ҵصѹͣŴϼǹѼɤǴżɳơ
̽һʱɿ֣ҴͷŴһ飬ĿǻŴŨױϡ
һ룬εЦЦ˵˼ϴˣҵıӰһ̫ˡ
ǺһЦҪаѵҪǿɱˡһݺݵͱϣα߸¡
Ƶķ˸ۣûתͳŻȥ
ҲûңȴĸܵǴлɵĿ⣬һֱβҵıӰ
⼸εĽ֣֪ҪڲаϵѧᣬûԱı£˵ҩ£Ѿҩĵһ£֪ܲܰȫȹ
˼Сõס£ϴ˸轫Լһ飬˼һȦ꣬ЩʯңǮɰƷֽëʣ󻹽Ŀ˵ľϣȻòȴǰˡ
аһЩаа飬Ŷݼ֮⣬ҲһЩĶ
ò˵ⱾаȸСȫѧƤëҶ
Сùݲ󣬷Ҳ͸һùζڵĵݻһĹʮֻ谵ϸϸĽһ顣ȷûʲôණҲûͷ֮ŽϣĶԴչ˴ϡ
а飬ֱӷŶݼţѧעȥԼĶڻƷֽϻ˸֡˵ģũꡢ¡աʱɸ֧
˿ֻֽǶһũʮ³ߡ
ھŹ֮ϵĵطдϣ֧δ磬ꡣ
϶ʮڣڶܻ飬ȴ˳ʿˮϸοһ飬Ŷ˸֡
адţŶݼ׹ܾž֣ܾž֣ʮ˾֣ȴֿݳһǧʮ֡
ܣ󽫵̣̣Դȥٰ˳򣬽Źţǣȫȥ
˵ľϸϸĿһ飬ĵ״Ϊ졣
һ֣Ȼɹˣ
һ룬ȴˣôôԼô֣ȴ֣Լľֲر֣ÿжڵʲôţǣ񵽵ʲô˼
Ҳ㽫ֵֽ˺ˡ
ݺݵڴϴϢ֪ѧϰˮЩһѧģڵԼĿҪƷˣ
󣬽ֽһţݺݵĳˮ
ȻѧŶݼףԼԤ⵽һЩףҪȴһЩܹı£͵ؽŶݼҳĿˣдˮԵ棬ϸϸĿһ飬ʱܼסҪԺ֮С
ӵŶݼףˮԵ˲١
滹мҳǽ̼򵥻ģȻЩò󣬵ӦһĹֵҲûʲô⣬аϣëմʪմɰƷֽ̯ƽа˵ģűаĻ˻Ʒֽϡ
ǵһλġЩĲ񣬿䲻ѣҲû٣˲֪ţڻźа̫Զķ䣬ձʵ˲䣬˾䡣
̫Ͼ
ʵɲǣ͵ظоԼһŻƷ˽ȥһǰʧƷһȶԣȴŻƷɰɫʧƷĸеһɵ滺
ۼԼȻɹһŷһȻΪͨķ䣬ȴѾĳ·ȥ
ŷ˿ڴʰ䣬͵һͷȴĵذϣϣƮһŻ߰ķ䡣
ֻһʱ䣬͵طԼȻվǰ߸СʱѾȫĵȴο
Ļ˵ĻƷʰ£ֻ˵ķССȻϰţ
̾һѴϵĶҲһ飬Լ¥Էʱ򽫻˵ĻƷֽȫȥͰ
ǰСϺͳ̽һֱͷ̧ͷҳԷʱֻͦϳ̽ģԷʱ򲻶϶۾͵Ĳ
Ժ˷õ꣬һоԼЩ춼ڵߡ
ʱҷڿڴֻȻŵͷƤ˲һ飬ֱ͸ˡ
Դֻ֮󣬺ûκ˵绰ɣ
СĽֻӶ˳˿ĺ룬͵ؾЩ죬ȴ벻˭ɤιһ
ţŶʦӵ绰ͷ
ֻЦӯӯ
ô
Ҽѹյŭ˲ҧгݵĶ˵˾䡣
ܺá
һֺǺǵЦˣ˵Ҳͽܣ׷ɱܹĺãһ룬ȴҡ
ԼСĵ㣬˵ǸŮ뿪ҵ壬ԽԽˣٲҵҶҵŮĺпܻɢܻд󶯾ˡ
һʱɫˣʦ
ŮĲǻôղͦôܸŪˣûҵ廹ɢ
ʦȴû˵ֻЦЦұô࣬ԼСһ㣬ǣԣᣬңġ
һ仰һ֣һģֶǷжǷ⣬˺޲һƴϡ
һ룬ҺݺݵһȻЩˡ
𣿡


072 
µġ
ʦӵ绰ͷ𣬸ŵ绰ﵽʲô˼ҽĽ߬ȭǲǶˡȴ֮ǰ˿ڡ
Ҿ֪绰֮ǰһԣʾŶԵ빬ٿҲҲ
ڲͬĹλе˼ҲͬûʦĻʲô˼
ңұż빬֮ǰϵģԺҲᣬֻŵͬʱ˶λЩڶ֮ڲϵ
˵˾䣬˿Ƿǰ׷ɱҵҵˣ᲻ϼпٴμʱ򣬻Ҿһʱ
ĵ˲һʦϻܿʲô
ȴŶһ˵˼֡
˿һ˼Ѫ֮֡
󣬲㶼ҪˣѪ֮ô¡ϵڲź˵
һıĿڣָԼؿ˳ȥ
ҵ绰ǰҺúÿ飬治Ԥѧˮ׽ʬУұ͵ȻҩҩЧһ֮ɾû˾ˡ
ĩˣ˵˾䣬ϲɵͽܡ
˼ԣҪһǳɣᱻϳҡš
ԽǰŶݼףұԽǺ档ԽѧᣬҿŶݼϵġ
ŶݼڹŴıǵǲ
Ļַӳе¡ƶȣġȷ档
ŵִ˵ŶݼԤıǻҵˮˣ⣬˳ȵȡ
ڡȻȱԱķţȱģǮ
ýָǮֻʣһǧ࣬޽ҵǧҲǧ飬Ȳ˵סõҪǮⷿ˵һµķôҲüһǧҪԷƷЩѧϰ
οҪԤһЩͻ¼Ҫһ²ϱҵ׷ɱǱӣҪģҲǮţ
ҪѧŶݼףѧԤ⣬׷ԼܣԼı·
ͷҪԤ׼˭㣿
οԼϹû죬ǰѷûϣͺãլǷδѧҵεȵȴڣ
׻˵úãڣûԡ
뵽˲Լ˼Ѫһаһ˺ü졣
⼸ʮҲǳ죬˵õŮĿɢĴأëǮӰӶû
ԳµҲһûš
ŽŶݼǰžǵȵ˸Ҽעһ֣ҪԿܲܳɡ
ʱĸ֧߾֣̣ȥǾŹžǾ񣬵ҽһжź֮󣬸Ͼ֣ȴ͵طԼдֽϵּֽˣҵɴ˫ۣ˼ķаȴ©һ
ڲɲͬľ֡
ҶʱĶˣҪûĻղǸӦɹˡ
һСʱҵؿڣ˿ʱ䣬Ͼŵ㣬ҽʰһ飬ȥҷӡ
ܶطԼɴסҸˣܻܲɵҵϣͷԼˡ
ܵ˾ҵСߣ˼䵥ԢʦĻ˵֮ǲټˣסСߣ˵͵͵ĺײҲá
ĵȴǣܺͬһƬ죬á
ЩĺܰҳѧŶݼ֮⣬˷ˮԵĶȻȲϱ˴СѧɻȴҲûô裬ʮŷһŻϣġ
ҽ⼸»õıа÷˷ССⰴа˵ģǮڱа°빦ÿŷ϶ҷһöǮ
˯ʱҽͼ꣬а飬壬ȫͷ£˯ȥûãȴо¶ԽԽԽԽ͵ؽֱӶѡ
˲䣬ҵ˫Ѿͷ£㱳ǡˡֻҪҳ֣ҾͳͼݺݵĴϡ
ҵ˺þãȴӰûһ͵ʲôҲĽ˹ȥ͵ؿһѪɫɼŮվڴǰң˫עŴ⡣
Ůӵͷܳһɫϣһͷɫĳһʱ侹ȻЩˣɵһȴױŵĲС
ͷܳеĻΨû٣ƤûУǱ˻ĽƤȥһѪģ
ݺݵգգ۾ȷԼûͷϵĿأ뿪ƣɵȴڵ˲ը˿
ұŵĲУ͵ؽԼõıаóȴʬ峯˲䣬ŷƾȼһ񣬰Լֶˡ
ź¶ˣϴżɷر׻ԹҲرأһûаϵѧᣬʲôȼĹ֣Ȼô
ĳ֮ǰЩֵķӣʮӯȴӴ̼ҵĸй٣ŵĶЩ֪η
סӵʱ򣬱оأұСֻӷ˵ˣסô죬Ҳల£ֱӰ֮Ժ
͵һ룬Լòס˹ݰɣ
˵סݣһûʲôµġ
ֻҪǳ̽ǷŵģٻͼԱ
ŮѾߵҵĴͷҲ̫ðͼ޸ǿƷʳָָ֮䣬ֻҪҹұݺݵ˦ϣ
Ůûйңӣ׼ҵǰ˫ûƤֻֻ۾϶ҵϡ


073 ͼ
Ҹͼͷ³Ů͵ҵҹ
ұŮһ򣬳׵Ĺɵˡ
ô󣬱ݹҧ͹׷ȴû
ŮָԼ죬󲻶϶ҰֲͣҡͷҪ˵ҡ
һŮ˲䱻ˣǰҲˣھȻң
¹˴ͷŮӳĵĸˣĵһϧ
ûƤһѪᣬ˫۳Ŀ£һʱԹ·ԩ޴ɽ⡣
ҸӵϷȴⳡŵĻֹס˸תۣѾѪ֡
㣬Ⱦҡ
˲һ㶣ǻĺúõ𣿿·ﳤʺɫѣڼǳޱȵʡ
͵ؽͬаѪŮϵһ顣
ѪŮ˵ĿǰλãбаɱˣɵĹаҲΪ̵Ĺ֡
ҪѪŮˣһ˯֮ʱǺסԵһź򣬷סеϢһʵůڿУĻǶڣĽƤ£óСϸһǧ˵ǡڶȴƬⶼ¡
һǧ˵˶ѪֻҪźͲֱЩ˿ѪϴŵһϮȾʺ죬Ŷ
ⱻѪȾһϮȴѪⳤһ𣬳ǣ˵ѪŮԹԶԸ˵ϵ±õıǰ򣬶һռϷ硣
ѪŮŮˣʱһ㶼ɥʧǡΪɱֱɱɱһڵԹɷӯĿҪﶥ塣Żָǡ
һʱѪŮ˶ὫĵطظԼɱḶֱ́ǵԹɷڣԹǣĳΪһɱűߡ
ûû⻰ˣѹӵķͱǰǼұ˲١װ޶ǽװģǳױнӵĲС
ͰסôЩ죬ûкңɴ˿ɼĻʮģҿģҲЩĲ̣Ӵǰʾ죬ǰеöȡ£ȡµ˲䣬Ϣת䡣
Χİȫ˵ذϣ˲䱻ǣŨǽ϶ˮա
ѪŮͳѪ˫øӿ£УбԹ弴ס
СǾͼԹûǻͼѣѪŮȴ൱ļͣҶԵĸܳһɹϢĴȴϵҧһԼԹӡ
ԹҲûӼͬˡ
̾һа˵ģѪŮĶͷ֮ϣֻ˲䣬ΧķͣԹҲȫö˻ȥ
лл㡣
屻óѪŮѾ˵۵˵Ŀûҿڣҵҡ
ܾȾ𣿡
ȣԱûУʲôȣ
Ʋ֣ȴָָеͼٴοڡ
𣿡
һ˵⻰ĵ͵ز첻ѣ
ϵ
Ҫ֪ȻͼеʱղϣҵĿǰλû֪õģ
ĵǣǿͽܵʦֻûͼ顣
ѪŮ͵ص˵ͷ˵ϵã⻭ͼ
һ׼ȷ˵ͼ֣һϸĽŮͷŴһ飬Ҫǳֵ̽µˣǱ¶ˣ
ѪŮҵɫѿȼɱ⣬æ˵֪ͼ˶õὫͼ˵ȥģҪԸԺҺΪκ顣
ɺĿһۣԼҲǳé®˼仰ˣתСëˣ˶٣
ɱˣװɣ
ѪŮ˼ĵɴ˫ңô֪
ȴװһĪ˵˾䡣
ܱѪŮˣһʱһ벻Уһ벻ɣɱˣ׽ˣȡΣɱ
ѪŮ͵صͷһ˵ģҵ˾䡣
Ҿ˵óͼһôƽӹ
䣬ҵɫһڣȴ͵סԼ죬ŷԼ˵˻æ˵Ǹ˼˼óͼģһһǸˡ
ҺǺǵЦһûȥĵȴʮ˴һ顣
ƽӹȫҶƽӹ
ӲǱԼʦˣܳģ
ɫ滺Ÿңɱˣѣֻһʶģһʱ䲻Сũﳤûʲô飬һûסѵĹƣ
ݰɣһŮ̸˶ܷɵرǵ㰮һˣһЩ˿У㶼ܿȫͬȴرΪɣһС
ѪŮȻҲôġ
֮ͬŷѵĹŹ֣ڴﾭżöǮˣ˯ѣܾѶſ˵
ɵʱȴҲûȥֻˣһʱֲҲû˼ʡ
ֱļǰѴ绰֪ҪȥѰһΪͼĻ
æĻΪʲô
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ̫ȴ˵һ仰
ͼ¡


074 
ڶʲôˣѶ˵仰ñЦ
ʾŵʱĵĺ˵ͼ飬оͰͼԳеһСħ
ҿʱŵ飬ҴʱͼҶһô
ɺ˵˾䡣
ͼİزЩٻٹŶС
⻰ˣΪۼͼٻɱ𡣿ôţƵĶϣȴã
ҪһͼĻҪȥѧʲôа飬Ŷݼף
ǼҵķӳЩҡ
㶼ӵͼȻ֪İأ
εЦЦװһĪģû˵ѪŮһʱҲ²ĵľʲôֻýĺ˵һ顣
ңɱǰ죬ѵǺ˵˺ܶԼ飬ֱӺ̹аˣ˵⻰ʱ򣬱ﻹ൱˵аԳ֮Ļ
ȴǳˣ
㵱ʱ֪˲ˡȻ֣
ѪŮҡͷ˵᲻ãôôõˣⱲӺȥ׼˭֪
û˵꣬ѾʣֱӽĻȥ
˭֪ɱ𣿡
ݺݵͷֲҡͷһֱڷʵ࣬ʱ򻹿ڰ˵
Ҫɱ֮ǰȻûиңɱҵʱȴһֱ˵ҡ˵ôΪҺãˣұ˺Ĺ֡Ϳһֱȥˡ
󣬳Цĵһѻ𣬺޲ýѪŮѡ
Ҫû´Ļѵĵп϶˵㣬һΪãסĻǡƲס̫㡣㣬㰮һˣ˺𣿡
ҡҡͷҼ
㰮һˣ᲻˺һˣȴɱ㡣
䣬ѪŮ׷ˣ˫ͫ׳ˣң죬𣬽һͷīĴǰʱǿ˲١
Ҽ״ȴ˿£һϧͼͼǰ̾Ϣһڡ
ʵĴ𰸣Уֻ޷Զѣ֪ɱ㣬ɱ˹ߣȴһֱŹȥ֣һֱƭԼܹ˱ɹӣҪѣңң඼޷ԣô㣿
èϲ㣬èȴˮϲ򾣬ȴϰ
һӵУһʧȥһѡһ߷
Ҫִ̫أͼȣǻһɲԼ˭Ҳ޷
䣬ΧķͣˣֻĿң۵׵Թʧ
ģ𣿡
Ҳ̵ĵͷԷ·ѪŮʱȻ۵׵ľղʱҪҲ١
ҿЩᣬȴֻվһԣΪ
Ҳûʹĸ飬޷֣ͬԼװɱȴΪŸɣԸ˺
ѪŮ˺ܾãܾãֱ۵ףתͷҡ
ԾȾңҳ𣿳֮ǰҿΪκ¡
󣬳˳ǣС
ɱν𣿡
䣬ѪŮ۵𾪣æҡͷ˵ɱ
һΪ죬
Ϊʲô
ȴЦʮҰķ治Ǻޣν캦飬Ҳ޷֣ҪҺһ˶Բ飬ǽԼɺͬȵˣ
ѪŮһϯжʱЩζܿǺ£ұ˵ͼˣǿǿģʲô
ǿҷѣѪŮڣ˵֮ԻôΪһΪ̵а̣Ҫа취Ǹа̣ȻͶôʹͼ
Ŀһʲô
ңҲֻ̫֪Ǹа̣а̵һ㶼һӣԼ¶
룬˵ʲôţһ벻ˣʱ»ΪԺԹΪף֪иĹر˼г̽Ѿ
ޱ飬ȴǽһڲ˼飡
ѹʦ˵Ѫ֣֮ѪŮ˼Ҵڲȥȡʹͼķ
Ȳ˵ڲжѣѾǵƤӵ»ˣѵԱŵĽԼ͵ڲȥ
Ҫ֪ǿµأ
ɴѪŮ⣬Ҳ֪˲ϢѹֹԳǵʵôǿԭ˽»Ū˸а̣̽Ȼұۣ
Ҵʱ˹ˣϾȻôɵ飬˼䷿ӣϸŮȴ֪ԼһֱҪ֪
СආŮѶ֪ͼ飬ھ֮ˣȴˣת
ֻоˣҰͶͼİطǳȤڱѪŮһ˵ҾȻıĶҪʲôתһȦ
һ룬ҵľȴ˲
Ҫ֪ҵͼһֱͷµģô֪ͼģ
ɵãҵɫһ
ҵͼһֱûóôͼģ
ѪŮɫ˽ҡ
㲻֪𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵֪
ȴңѪŮԺܶаɱѪŮΪѰһЩ֮ǰŹͼϢԵһסʱŵˣȻ֮ǰŵǾζͬŵó
˳׶ˣ
ѹ֮ǰᱻ̽ţôǴһ鶨ʱը


075 
Ҫ˵Ļ̽ͷңһһѱϲ䣬һѪŮ
̳֮⣬бѪŮ𣿡
˵ͷ˵ѽڿɱС
һ⻰ʱһʱڣ̽ǻҲҵģĿתѪŮϣ
û취ͼϢ
ͷ˵УѪŮõ׷ѪŮɢĹҲϢ
⻰Ѿ׵ĸңס𣬾ٲ²ҪҵˣҲֻҪҵܳȵ
Ѿⷿ۲Һܶ죬ϵܳһ˸飬ҪôҺзϢҪôҸҿ϶ҲĻ䵽·ߡ
һ룬ҿ
ڲ𣿡
ҡҡͷֵ˵ͷ˵ѣҲѣǰȰѺµ͹ϵˣȻ벻̸ϵϢˡ
һ͹ϵԼʱȤüëһ
ҿ԰ԼҲԳ㣬Լ
Լаϼ֪һд̫ҵʱû¡
ѪŮ͵صɴ˫ۣ˫˲һ˿ŭΧĿҲ˳˼֣ȴ˿£ͼĴṴ¶Ŀ
㲻Ұ˵̵ڣѾʮ
ĵҡҡͷ˾䡣
¡
֮ǰǸģӡȽϺãּ˾䡣
㲻ᡣ
ҵĻ䣬ȴѪŮɫ͵һתȻżҿľϲ͡ģ
֮ͬԼѵԼһ⣬ѿ϶ٲҪҺѪŮˣҸҿ϶ôɫĴǳϢ֣һᱻȫͨ
ҽжغãȷᱻֵʱŰаϵĲ裬ǰѽӴԼ
͹µԼֽӻ䱣ģӴʮ鷳Ҫڷһŵ󷨣ҵѪĸ£ҵѪҺǰ˵ѪҺֱǰ˵ѪҺڣֻҵѪҺꡣ
һ۵ĽָԼĪѪҲû˶Լϵ˿ڣ͵ϴξð¡
ҽӿڴ˳ѧžӣԼ˿ϣȻû룬˿ͬԶˡ
һԵѪŮΪҵѪϢϵײ۵ڵϴͣ鴤Ҫȴڲſ˲䣬ڵһɺԶֱײһԵϡ
һֱײĵط۵һµ񾭶ֹסķ
ò״ӵȴѪŮɫͻ䣬ɴ˫ۣ˷ƵģϺҿߣߡ
һɫʱҲôˣ
ȴǿʹӵһѾͰҳƣҿߣѷԼ飬ϣҪҲ߱ײϻûģ
ѪŮг˹УҾĲ̣
ˣô죿
͵ҡͷ׵մѪݺݵҧֻʣһ촽Ĵ֮ϡ
ϲʲôĵϺˣҲȥģοѶĻϸһǧ˵ʲôģ
ҪһߣѪŮùѣҿҲ᲻ãԸԼɢҲᶯְɣ
̾Ϣһʲô취ȴ˷Ƶһֱҳơ
ʱӷǳǱвѪᣬ촽ϵ˿ڣһǧ˵˿ڲϽڣ㼯֮ǰҵһۼ̫Զ
Ҳȥ͵شӿڴгŻƷ˲䣬˾䡰ֱӽӡϡ
ѪҺڲײʱĲУè򻭳ķҲãݺݵĽڵأñˡ
ߵǰ㣬ǲû취ˣĿȴ˲ͣϵظһ䣬ӲˣӲˡ
ұͻĻŵĻһ
ʲôӲˣ
ȴЦ˵ղŲӣ˭ӲˣܵѾСſڡ
һ⻰͵صɴ˫ۡ
ô죿
ѪŮȴûлشңЦţŴȥⱳӰ˲Ѳ٣͵ؽһקסһ㣬Ѳǻûô¸û취
ĻͷһۣЦЦ˵С
æ
ʲô취
˵֡
Ѫꡣ
һѪⶫôе죬ȴ벻ʶ˾䡣
Ѫʲô
ңԵĴѪ˲䣬͵شӿڴｫʦҵ˳ǰ
ǲ
˼ĵɴ˫ۣ˶ɵˣô
ɻһ룬ɫ˲һ顣
ˡ
ұ仰ŵ˶ˣ͵һѪв˵ϡ
æѪôãȴҸϽȥﲼǸ󷨣ֱӴҵǰʧˡ
һ룬ҾȻѪ֮УȻһССӰѪŮһģһ
𾪹𾪣ȴҲûţ͵ؽ󷨳֮ɻԼĴϣӸǺãɻȴֹסķ
СͦƫƧرҹΧǳǳԼٵһ
͵ر˫ۣƽԼȴϣŲ
ŽŲģп


076 
һϰµĶʱӷ
ҵ˫ַǰűӣϵԺвĬаľ䡣
ԷգսԿࡣսԲ𡣲ߣΣУйޡ
ţָƽȣɫɣ˿ŵǰһ룬ŵһҲ
ꡱһűϣҵĶʱһĬƵҲԽԽ죬ŶԽԽĽŲܽšȴֻܽȫװһȻ˯ˡ
֪һѪҺڵȫˡ
ӺСǵԢֻһ䣬˽ŵڷѲһȦվҵĴͷ˿á
Ҫ֪ԼĲУһΪϲˡ
ȫ̵Ķᣬ˸²Ҫ
ú󣬺Ȼоȥûã㴫ź͹ŵһˣ
ѪŮ⿪޽ᣬӦɱڵĳ
ȴ̽ңֻһֱ״ڴһֱƣһᡣȻ顱ŵƵʺܿ죬·˷ǳŵҪ
ŶѪŮѵ
Ŵϼ𣬴ˣԸҿ𣿡
ѪŮ壬˳ʱ˹˹ģϻһɫһͷĺڷӳһȥȺҲ˵֡
˲ЩţղŲѾ̽𣬻װûڴϽ˫ۡҲ˳ٴŵӴ˲١
ֱ˺þõţ˳ƴӴͷӵ߰㣬һ˯ĴӴȥš
ˣҲһ䡣
ôˣʲô𣿡
˵䣬һڳЩĶ´ϵĹйŮҡͼı족
ȴ۵׿˼ַ̣̹ǰ۵׵̽Ҳ˼֡
˯𣿡
ڣҶʱ˸ۣ˵ͷ
⼸סĻûʲôӦĵط
һװҡҡͷ
ûаϹʲô𣿡
۵ѾͷϾ˭ϱİӽѣҪɱˣпպϻ
ҵЩӦҲ֮Уϵ쳤ӣҪ󷿼һ뿪ڣܲ˵ķЩ
ҶʱźݺһЦЦ
ϵģе㲻̫ðɣ
⻰䣬ȴ۵׿һĨ
ر⣬ϾĸѵĶڳŮģȤ
οѪŮȻûƤɴϵвѲ³ǰһŮ
ò˵ü˵ֶɱһŮģŮԹ޻ڵİǸرװĺݽɫһһ۵ױֹУ˵ⷿӵķˮ̫ãǰסķûסöҪߣӵرˣ˯ʱһΣμиŮںˣһŮסһ£
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ȴǺµ˲ɷף
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ҡһæַĶͷ֮ǿɵƵһۡ
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Ȳ˵мأ˵ⷿͨнģҪʲô£Ѳ˸ϵҲôĶ֡
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ɺĿһۣ
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䣬ұ㡰顱һźݺݹϷŵ˲䣬ҴĵһֻԼ֪ҴӴߵǰ̶̵ļߵԼŵж෢顣
ûŲȷû뿪ȴԿ϶ǲô׵뿪
Ҫû´ĻĵλԲͣλпǿѪŮȡģϾԳжץң⣬ֻԼΪ
ѪŮ⿪Լ˵ֱοѪŮ֮УҲʱѪŮ֮ϵҲˡ
Ҫô׵뿪ǲ˹ء
װȻܶʱƭҸоվʲôߣȲ˵̽ϵҴ˵
Ȼ֪жļֶߣֻҪһߡ棬ҿԿ϶Իĺѿ
ò˵廹̵ͦģһСʱٴҵķţšƣȥţһ˵̬
ϵģôˣ
ϾҺ죬ֻһ֮ԵҲ֮飬ȴֱҵɫһƲҪס֣
£
ǹ֮ɫɵŹϵһ룬аȴҺ²ѣһĶʱʼ
ʿˮ
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˵䣬һĳҲϵĳȥݺݵײ˺ǽϡ
СڼϴűϣһѹּӲõĸоҵļȻ


077 
ûпƣ߷ǳİİɫ֣죬Һ󱳺ݺݵײǽϣȻͣ½ŲҾ䡣
Ŵϼ𣿡
˲̧ͷ
ʲô˼
ȴߵһߣĵƸ˿Ƶ˲䣬ǹѹֵĸоʱȻ޴棬Եһ
ҵ棬彫һ飬ÿȥӣǶݺݵı˻ȥ
֪ѪŮ⿪޽ѾеǸ񾭣һСʱڽѾǼޣڵװװˡ
ҪҸֹһɱһ档
ֱȫꡣѪŮİͷûҵһɵĽӡûУƵܵǰһҵ˫磬ݺݻζҡ
ûʲôŮӣ
Һµİ˰ͷ˵ûС
һҾ䡣
пʲôֵ˳𣿡
Һݺݵҡͷ˵ûС
ĺݺǽһӣҼ״ŵɫ׻ȴݺݵһۣ˵
Ҫпɵˣ߿иŮˣ͸Ҵ绰
æͷ˵ãҲû˸ղʢ˵ƣֱߺźݺݵһڴ϶ûȴԽԽԼݼˡ
úҽѪӿڴ˳뽫ѪŮųȴҡҡͷû˵˼Բڻʱ
ϵһҶû˯ֱ̫˯ʵ˯ȥ
ʱѾǰ谵ķֻԼһˣһĪʧ˲ӿͷԺвϸ֡
롣
Ȼʦ˵û£һǺõϾ뿪ؿһ˺̶Դ
ţʦ˸绰֪һʾƵģҿ֮ǰ˵˾䡣
ҪʲôԣʾģҾ͹ҵ绰ˡ
һ仰˲ʵ˻ȥ
ʦΪʲôȴң֮ǰ˵ټ룬һ
󣬺˽²ػ˶ʦ
֪𣿡
ʦһǺǵЦ
ͦѽôʵˡ
ҵ˲һڣȻָо֪һظ绰̵أ
Ȼһ͸ңʱֵʱ򣬿Ұ׻ɷ˾ŵأͲµһҵʱ֪ʲộ
ѵѪŮǱȰźõģ
ɵãʿˮʸʦȴһ䣬Щڤڤ⡣
ҶʱѴͷЬӳݺݵ˦ˡ
лغûزһôͽܵģ
һ仰ȴǰĲУҿԽ棬ҪԼСģСҪǰСˣǲҵġ
ĩˣ˵˾䡣
ͼʲôôãʲôǲҵģЩҪңԣȥѰң𣬰
Ļǽһʦ֮ǰȻƣԼչѡȨģʦ֮ǰҪʲôǶҺõģøҿ
ڣ˿ңǿңʦǰʦȫһֻ磡
˵ЩҺǺЦѵ绰ˣݰݶû
Ҳֻˣһ뵽ԼûʲôǮ˰ա
ȻʲôλѪŮǿǿɲǿǿһ붼סȥˡ
ҲŴ򿪴ͷ񣬿ǧǮʱ˻ȥ
ӵʱ򣬸µ𣬻ѹһµǮӻôڴѾʣ¶Ǯˣȥʲô᣿
ԼȴֺҪǼסȥ㲻ŪҲ̫ƽ
ڵҲ֪ǿЦô󣬾Ҹô࣬Լȴպ˼ַӣԼӸ
Ҳûסĳԣ޷Ǿ·롣
ͷұ͵صɴ˫ۣʦ˵´μ룬пǾһҪܵ¥ȥ˾룬ǾһǲǾ˾֣
ѸٵĽԼʰһ飬ƨƨߵľͳ¥ܣ·ϤĲϤŵ˵Ҫʮ۾ߴ·ұ۾ҵҡ
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ѵûл
Сߵ˾ǰС¥ͽŵĴţĵ쳣ʧ䣬תȥȴ͵ؿ¥Ͼ뷿ĵƻˡ
תĶʱԭأ۵˲һĶž뷿ķ
УȻðһ仰
ɽľľ֦þ֪
һ룬¥¥ݵĵƻȻˣҾȻӰ¥ͣ˶¥ҵķſڣֻͣҷſͣ˺þãźԶҿı飬Ҳ֪ЩʲôȴԼԼܴӹߵп
ɫ԰׵Ŀ¡
һⳡҵĵ͵ؾǺݺһ飬һʹļ䴫ҵԺȻһƬſգ͵ؾ볯žļųȥҲ̤һ˸ִ̾һĻ˲ϯҵԺҵĽŲ˲ͣ
ܣֻԼ֪ģܣ֪һ̤һ;̹ҵݣӭҵģǺ;ط꣬Ǹžһɣ
ڻĹ﷢һĻĻҵԺлͣұݺݵ˦ڼ̳֮ϣѪɺӵĻ档
ӡ
Һݺݵı˱۾һ۵׵˲䴵ڵء
ͬʱԺкȻһ
뿪⣡


078 ߵ
ȻѪŮģҷӦ˲䣬Ⱦܣȴ
Ŵϼô⣿
ҵĽŲ˲һ١ݺݵķ˸ۣ겻ɢ
Цӯӯתͷ˵Զ˳תתһĳ߱˾䡣

˵䣬ͷת˾ҵλãҴУ˼ɱ⡣
ңѵҪʲôԾ벻飿
ɿɱɲǣҵĵȴǾ룬塣
Ȼ͹ԳһӡҪѶ
ЦŴ˵ǰȻأָָļҿڵ
װÿԺС¥Ǯá
˵⻰ʱص͸¶һȻһұ㿴һĨģر¶֮󡣴ͷŰҴһߣҴǴɫ仨ްĳ㣬²ŲгʮǮĴЬЦЦ
ҿ飬ĵȴˬУԽУôһò죬Խеܵˡ
ϣܻһ졣
ҵİ̫Ŵϼˣ̽Ҷû¶κҲûںҶ໰˼кתˡ
ߵʱ򻹲ʱʱͷϵĳžҵķȥǳɱУҿĸǼɵ
ҿԿϵþ룬ιҲ⣬ʲô
Һ棬ɺˡ
ȴɵú棬ôɵ룬ΪʲôҪҸңôɱ˾룿
ҹҵΧ͸¶ֹ졣ҲҶͣĶ࿴˾Ӱۣ߽ԭҵķ䣬Ż˼ҡ
ŵɲǣķ䣬Ƿǳµġر۾鵽˴̨ߣܸоӺŸˣָо̨վŸӰɵҰĵƶȴʲôû
̾һֻоעǸ֮ҹ
ϴ˸裬ɻشϣѪ˳빵ͨѪŮȴѪڵı·ʲôѹϣ淭ȥͣ
Ҳ֪ǲǰѵԵʣҿܵĶһʱЩĲ̣
ôˣ
û˵ֻǽĿתңϵĴϵҡͷҧ˫Ѫ沿˿ȴʼס
òҪ˰ɣ
Щţҡͷҡͷܸκδ𸴡
⸱ģԸͬܳʹ࣬û취԰ﵽģȴûκλӦɹûãһ¾ȻҲʼ鴤
һʹ·ҵĹѪðַ·Ǵҵ֮У۵ڴϴݽҧ촽ֱӰԼ촽ҧ
ѪҺӴݼ£Ⱦѩ׵ĴǱȴûκΰ취ʹǴģԼ޷塣
һ̣ԾȻѪŮ
Ŵϼȥ󣡡
˵仰ʱҧгݡ
ǿʹһ
󣿲ʲô󣡡
ȻҾ䣬Ҳ֪쿴ǱûпԸһе󷨣
һʱһ㶣ѪŮǰҿ˸ˣûаļӳ᲼ʲô󷨣
ǻŵϵʹҲ벻̫࣬͵ؽаӿڴ˳ݺݵĽѪ˻ȥ뽫а鷭ȥ󷨣ϵʹȴϴ̼ҵ񾭣Ҹ޷ע
ҽĿһתϵˮһѳǰݺݵĽԼĴȵ˿˲ӿֳѪʹȴһۣҵ־ز١
апٵķţҵаصһߵ󡱵󷨣Ϊеһ֣ԭԷ󷨷Χ֮ڵ֮γһȫͬȷΧ
Ҫ죬ҳ죿
ͷһҽͷµĻƷ˰ų죬Ҳ߶ʮһѸҧָѪдϿݡˡš֡
䲻ڣǰԣǸݻģѪΪ֮Ѫԭʹ쳣ԼѪӳ֮ϣΪʹˡ
дҽǶ˲Χ֮Уָаţ쵹أΪûͣ档
һ֡
ʼͨԳ졣
ԭ֮￪ʼƣ֮Ҳʼơ
㣡
뷣

ǿп󷨣ǰݰŵǰŻƷ˲˷ĸ䣬ĸֻ֮˲䣬Ľڸ˿
ɲǣһһʹ˲ʧ󺹵˴ϴһᣬӴǰȴȻһڴöѪ꾹ȻԼӿڴ˳
һ룬ѪŮѪһۣӵɲǣ࿴ԷǱӣȻԼͬЦ
Ҹ⾿ô£ȴӵʰǰµˮԼ󣬷һѪҺ£Ѫ˲䣬һۣȸղŻҪۣǰи׼
һûӦѾѪֱӹҵĿС
ȥ˲䣬ֻоһɱϢҵĿб鲼ҵĻֱÿʹղȵ۵ȥۣȫ֡
ɱϢϳˢҵĸұ̼ڵϲϳ鴤һֱûС
Ҳ֪鴤˶ãҴӵվʱֻоԼҪˣϣȴһߡ
ߣҺѪŮ
߻ı۾λãҲһߣģȴҵĺӰ


079 ѪŮ
ǺȻ¶˸еɫѪŮüǰôˣһͷһѸٽ£ЦŶ˵˾䡣
ûʲôͦĵġ
⻰˵ģǰ¶ı̫ѪŮɺĿһۣҲûҶʣϾÿĵףԼһƬ
٣СֻԼܽڲԼ߲ԸԳһ硣
ѪŮмĿһۣĶ˵˾䡣
лл㣬ϼ
εĵ˵ͷû˵ĵȴǶԺˣŴϼֿ
ɻû˳ѪŮɫһ䡣
ˣܵҺ⿪ˡ
һʱһҲķ䣬пѪȵζЩ֪롭
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ѪŮȴߵǰϵдֵĻƷֽժ£ߵƽһСڣȴҲΨһŸϣֻ
ѪŮһϷŽװһѳ񻯵ģɱңұ¡
ҵ˵ͷȴһ룬ǰѪŮŵĲᡣ
ΧƬһƬѪȾ죬ɷһ𣬿вѪȵζ
ֻ˲䡣ҵ˫أһɶֱӴҵıǼ⣬ҵĲӱѪŮݺҵĺһѺݺݵײǽϣһʹ˻һԲϴĹЦɷֱϢ
ѪŮģٲȻѾ񻯣ˣΧĿɲϽͷûֻʣѪģһƬӣ˵ǹﶼ֮
Ȼ֪ϷҿѪŮģʵҲŵĲᡣ
ԴһŲѪŮ״⽫һҵϢ췭ظֻ˲䣬ұѪŮݺݵһԵǽϣһûע⡣ֱǽϣ۵ֻоԼǰˡ
һ룬ѪŮϵˮ𣬲ҶԡЦЦɲǣͬʱŲ
һǴ洫ģӦġ
һѪŮһ
۵ڵ̱ƵģϵҡͷɫɷףѪŮذ׺ݺݵҲɲǣѾ˿
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Ҽˣθȴ̲סһƬ˳
ѹѪŮᱻƭôңȻģݼݵҶˡ
ѪŮĶ˲ͣˮȴǷǳҲ伸룬㽫ҵĲӸһ϶
ΧһƬѪɫټѪǱдĨĨʺѪһ˵ڲңӾˣ
Ϸû취ȥˣ
ǽһһֻڶ޲ֱӺ֣ȴһֱϵѪŮԼжమ⼸ΪʲôϾϵòѪŮĻǲеʿҵ⿪
ֱӰôһһ߲˵ûңϵѪŮֻûһѽѪŮӸסˡ
ȴ壬ΪʱѪŮ˻ѪǲƤϴ涼ܰ˶ĵİ
ҪİһˣĻôࣿ
ѪŮž˵һѣѪŮгɻɱ⣬·˵ʶˡ
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һѪŮ񻯣취ѪŮѪŮݵϷ˭棬˵Խ࣬ѪŮðԹԽء
һ룬ѪŮֱӷſңſҵ˲䣬Χ顱صĲĴѪŮذ͵سȥȥ˲䣬쳹Ҷߡ

ʱŵĲᣬ̤˫͵ٶȸϲѪŮٶȣ˲䱻ѪŮ˵˵æӿڴͳĻƷֽǮҲ˲䱻еɷƬ
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װµҡҡͷͷҡĸ˹Ƶģϳ̨ķˣߵһμɵɥʧǵģ
𽥲ѪŮѪŮеذ׿ҪڵɲǣĶѪŮһ
Ҷûü˵Ұ㡣
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ѪŮ˲䱻һɽ֣Ӧأв
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ѪŮĶ֣ѪŮƬ̣һұдͭͭ˲䣬һѪŮǳ׿񻯵˻
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080 òָ
ѪŮģվ̫ǰɱΪʱ᲻ö֣ˣ֪ƭ
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һŮİ㣬׿ˣ۵׶㣬⵽һݸ飿ȴѪŮ˲䣬۵һ˿˵˾䡣
Ұ㣬뱣㣬ȴҵ飬ֻ㲻κ˵õ
䡣͵˫Ŀھ˲ѿڶ
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֪ѪŮ˽ԼߣԼòıҲõȻѪŮɱ⣡
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Һµɫ˰ףæͷֱͳӣĽıӶݺݵ˵ϡ
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һˣʱ㿴ǰĲ״ϸİ췢һһ飬ȥ޷ǾڷѪŮôɱҵģ֮ǰûʲôɵǲǵһμŮˡ
Ҷһһʵشûп˯ʱȻ䱻Ů˸˲ӣ⻰ȴ˿ţ۵׵൱ԡ
ЩɵֻܻһƬȻɫϾ˵Ķ滰ûɵǲҶֽţûпɵҲڴϡ˯ѪŮһġ
ȥûеõһ϶Ĵ𸴣һĴӿڴóһݺͬݺͬϵãⷿӵʱǩµģóͬͬʱǰǧǮң˵ⷿӲʺס⼸ȥ
ᣬȴǿĵУֻûֱӴӵϱˣ
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Ǯźͬһ֮ڣֱڸ˼Ӱ˽ȥȥ֮ǰһصذа˵ģ䷿⿴һ飬ȷķӣûˣҲûκβõĵطŰ˽ȥ
ȥɲǣֻо˶ˣѪŮȴһֱڰٳٲϳ֡
ұµôãʱȴǲ˵ģһڲ̽ͼأ
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Сĺ
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ѪŮӦͷɻͷɲǣ˶ԭء

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081 ƾ
ѪŮң̵ĲЩӣˡԺֱΪɱ鱨ĺ÷һ൱ء˭Ҳ֪ǸŮ
ŮȻ൱أɵλȴߵġ
󣬲ɵʿˮĵ²˹Գһ䡣
ôԺԼǹŴʵأ
ɱ֮ǰʶĳ̽ѪŮ壬ҲһԱ
ҪǱʲôνױֲ˵رԼж
ֻʣ鱨ĺ÷ŮŮ˭Ҳ֪ôյˣֻ֮ѡ÷
ѾϣǱ̡Ҳֻܵȵڶж
һҹΣڶѵر磬ûãյʦĶţҡǲǴȥ̣ҪȥֱӽŮ
𾪲ѣϲžô֪
룬֮ǰŶݼ׸һԣ㵽ЩҲΪ⣬ɵãһ䡣
Ů
ȴңŮ֮ΪأλߣΪԤ⣬ͨŶݼסպûʱ䣡ϵͳĽŶݼףȥѧֿ˽˽ͼ飬б˲ռ˵
⻰ȴŵһ亹ʦ
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ʦȴңֿͽܵȥŮȻǰҰźһУҷ˸ַȥҵַˣֱӴҽŮ
ĩˣһ䡣ȥ֮ǰͼ壬аȲغãϣһȫѳͲ̫ˡ
һ⻰ʱжСŶʦӡҲ˲٣˼мĶȴһҡ
һ룬һ飬֮ŶѪŮ˵
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ҵĻ䣬۵׿һĨ𾪵ɫɴ˿ɼŮĵλжߣڸжء
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ЩŽȥ֮󣬻ص⿴һ飬ȷӵ˻ֲˣһڷ˸Ѫ꣬ѪŮѪ˸ǺűʣѪͿĺڲȫԭӣŽ˲ϣʦҵĵַȥ
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վԭ㶣մ̧ųǰȴԺﴫһݵҲϵãȴ൱ĺҲѰݵȥһᣬߵһԺ֮УȴվԺǰǽͣ˽Ų
ǰӲңȴûбҵĽŲӰ죬Ժ֮е̨ݡ
ݵʱʱңʱˣʱ˷ܣұӵòȴֱԭأֱգͷ̧𣬶ЦЦŷӦԼʧ̬
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һʱ侹ȻЩ֪ôش𣬸ģδǺ˵ҰźһֱӹͿԽ
ǼɫΣƾЦЦЦ˲䣬·ıڳһɾ⻬üƤͦ͵ıӣ΢΢̣ƺÿʱÿ̶װղܵŨ⡭
ر˫ů˵۾չԲ󺣣һָ˵ħôôˣʱ䶼Ҫˡ
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һ⻰ʱ˹
δҾֱ˵
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ҲǣǰӣɢǻȻɵ˿Գǰ֣ôԸڹԳµģ
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һ룬Ӵһó˿ƽҵϣָָһԵʽıҽȥù㲻ңԹԵֵǰӡ
ҪΧһУִװ꣬ҪǰӴִ·ĻΪԼ߽һţͽ˹Ŵ
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ҵ˵ͷ˵ǣ¥һ䣬һݱһȫڵӣһڲߣ˵Ůûûôأһͱ봩ޱȵӡ
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ͽŮ
ʦôʶղӵģӦòҵݸ˵ȥɡ


082 
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ʱҸطֱȥǰдҵŮӡȴʱҵԡ
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һ⻰ʱɵۣһΪʲôȴңƾ˵飬Ҳʡ
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װһǳʽϣмĲ輸ϷһݲĹߣ裬ѾݺãƾŲæĽݺõĲ赹뱭УֱҺ͹Գǵԡ
ƾŵǰɲǡԴһվŵŮпһĨĽĨĽУżּʡ
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Ҫֳɹˣƾϳҵķλǲǡ


083 
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ϲǣԼȻɹ˸֣µǣһλıˣô졭
ĶƾеֽҸҿ϶ҪŶݼףƶֱӽֽߣԼϾˡ
һᣬƾ˵˾䡣
Ƿ岻ʱҲٶîող
ƾ䣬㼤˾䡣
Ϸ򣿡
⻰ҶУȴŵĻҪ֪סǸСɲϷô
ŵλãҲǡ
ҵĺ󱳽Ҫ͸ƾȴκα飬ֻ۵һĨϲ˵˾䡣
Ұѻ˵ꡣ
ű졣
ʱ£ʱɱپš׻ֱӸ·ԭ·ҲǻݡոΪˣڶҹΪ߹ΪֵţӱΪף£ˣҸڰ
ƾһ˵ô࣬ȴû˵յ㣬Ļڷȴƾ˵һ仰˲ѻµ涼˻ȥ
ˣˣ
ƾҡͷ˵Źڲ٣
εİ˰֣ƾϾ֡
ף俲ƽ乬Ӣֿɣߣнݶ֮ɣ֮ǰϵһո乬乬пѾˣΪֱʹ壬Ҳ仯治ȨУڱƿȨ
ƾ˵ЩЦЦȴĽһֻεİֶš顣
С
һͱŵֽŷĻң
ƾÿϳһ仰ҵĺҪͣͼ롭
⣬㲻Լģ
ˡԼķλ
ƾôô׼Ҷݣ涼ĳ
˵õĳҩеһأ
ҵķӦ˷ڴҵȴΪ˵һˣŭ𣬵ʡȥ鷳ƾϵЩȴģƾ
ܿʲô𣿡
ƾͷɲǣֻоԼ඼Ҫͣ¼֡
ôģȫˣУ
һ룬ƾٴ𣬶˵
ϼһ֡
һƾ⻰ǽһֻڶȴҲȷʦŪƾӦûʵݵģҪ֪ҾҪˣƻֱӰ͸ϰɣ
ǽʮԸ⣬Լľ֣Ǳƾ㣬Ҫϼְɣ
ȻˣͷֻǽңϾŶݼе̶ǰ˳ģҪŴһֶˣƾֻңأ£̣
ݺݵһȴ͵𣬾֮ڲظ֣հ仰˵ƾƾȴȻЦˡ
û¸ղķλʲôʱҵ
һ⻰Ķһʲôʱҵң
֮󣬿ףǰ
˼̫֣࣬ȴֻһֽţֽҷùģãƾȴ֣
ɫǽһڱ˵ĵ֮ϣȴֲòƵ϶˸ܰ˾֣󽫵̣̣Źţǣȫȥ
ǰѾһͦƯľ֣쳣˳Ҳǰ˲٣ҽ꣬ɫȴȻѿ
ҺȻǰֵʱǷ֡
ֵ˼ǣžĶڽﲻϳ֡
Ҳ˵Һпܲϵϵĺ棬ֱݱ
ҲϵƿȨԼаοԼ˺üŽĿתƾ
ʱƾѾҵϸϸۿһᡣ
ƾָʮϸǳƯʱϴǴмʪ¶ȵɲǣȴŵĻһ
ƾǡ
ڽţ
ڽʲô
һ룬ƾĿת˵˾䡣
ͬʱַҵҲװ
һ⻰ʱһ˳ȥȴ˾䡣
֪ǰ徻Ӹ㲻ʲôʱҵ
ƾ󣬵˵ͷ
ﵹܹʲôʱ֡


084 
һæƾϿϾ֣ƾȴȵȡ
Ҫ֪˵ҲСʱˣͱƾĥ⣬ʱȣĻȵˣ
Ȼһɫһƾ
ʲô
ƾȴЦŶϵĲ豭˵˾䡣
ȱ裬ࡣ
ƾҳǿʵĻܽӻƾƫɣֱ졣
ƾҲˣȿڲ趼յĺϰСʱֱҲ̲סҪʱſ˵˾䡣
¿
һ⻰ʱͷƤһ飬ŵĽ쵽ǰǰŵĳ˲ٺּʪģ˲٣ȴƾϾ֡
һᣬƾŷҵ֣˵˾䡣
ʱΪ¡ոΪˣʱɿո粻޹޹ָϷ򣬱ȥϷҵ˵ģߣߵͬʱټ޹ĹλȥҲǰȥ
ȻһȥҲǰȥʱһ
ĪģҾȻƾһ䡣
ߺʲô˼
ƾû˵һĿݺݵɨҵϡ·û뵽ϷᣬȻƾ˾֣
ĿҲǱģ·Ķƾһڰ֡
ƾȻҲܵĿ⣬ȴû˵ʲôЦЦĵĺҽһ顣
ߵ˼ƭ˼²ð죬
ŵ˵ͷԭһƭˡھŹߡ
ƾĻ䣬ȴҲûмȥһʱ䷴ûסһŭƾ
Ҫʲôʱҵ˵ôϻʲôã
ƾ̧ͷһۡЦЦǰĲ豭ȫ豭ֱҺǰüۡ
Ȳ衣
Ļ䣬ұ͵ǰԵĨĨɱ⣬ʱŵĲУæ豭һڸˡ
һֻߵĻɽǻ뷢𣬿ɴ˿ȴ˲٣Ǳ˵ĵ̣ҪٷܿĻ
ֱ豭ĲˮƾڼϾ֡
ʱţǼʱ򣬺пܻһܣΪӿ׸׸ʱΪԵʣǼʱ䡣٣ΪֵĹϵͻƣһҶһ֮Լ棬޹ɿԳҲΪɴ˶¹ǻ档
һ⻰ĵ׶ʱһ
ѽһ֮ѵҪ¶ݣ
ȴҲ̲סֽ°Ĳ輸ˡ
ƾ֪֪յĻǶɢˣ֪ҪǾģ˵Щƨͨ˭Ķң
ƾһȴЦһֱӽ͸˲豭û˵
һƽ°Ĳ輸ķ飬ֻûƾ
װһӸ˭ǸָƼɱµƾȥˣ
һ⻰ʱĵһ۵һĨ˼飬ָƼɱ£ƾ
Ȼƾû˵ҲûʾɴôݲоܿˣȻҲϧ裬εĽƾĲ飬ֱǽδƾĵߡ
Ȼһ룬ƾĶǴѾȾһĨᱡŭ⣬ҪӣֱܷӺһˡ
˵ǰ˳ᢣڰŪīˣȴоһççͬǣçһݹļƵı¡
ƾû˵ĸմӵվȴƾ۵һ˿ɱ⣬ȥ
ĨɱĿ죬ȥҲ죬ɿĵȴ𾪲ѣҪĨɱܹɱ˵Ļܱƾɱ
ž뱻ӡû˼䣬ǿ׵ʱôûôһ죬Ϊƶߣ
ƾڣʮƽͣĵȴ𾪲ѣķ
ǣ˵ڲĿʼһǶ˽
˭ϣƾĻ䣬ȴ͵ػһ䡣
һĺӣҸԺõģõģô֮꣬ûƣҵӦõġ
һ⻰ʱĲҰѵȥʹˡ
ӦõأҪ֪ΪңΪҳΪӣԸҲһף
һ벻ͨΪ˸գΪʲôҪô鷳Һ;ʲôҺ;ף
Ȼûɣʲôȴķˡ
ңǰرںҶĺΪʲôֽҶĺɱ
ЩƾɺĻͷһۣۿĵ˲һŷԼʧ̬æһȴƾǺǵĶЦˣһ䡣
ɥĲĻ˵ĳڣɲˡ
ɫһǷԼ˵Ļʵʧʲôƾ˵˾䡣
ϱӰ˾룬ȴɱɢ˵˶꣬ҲѰһꣿ˽գɱҲǾ룬ұȫģûմڣȺ;ףĺӣȺӳ֮ڶ
һ⻰Ȼͷβֻңȴǲ첻ѣѹ־ǰյôӦ
ǣȻˣ
ô޷񣬾ᰮһŮˡ
ңҪҵǴΣģҰ⵽ô£
һ룬ȴ͵ֵ˾䡣
ô࣬ǵԵѾˣ׽᲻ϣֲϣǰ֡
ƾ󣬿ڡ


085 
㻹ôϲš
䣬͵س嵽ƾǰһѾƾ죬ݺݵƾ
Ĳ𣿡
ƾȴЦˣһƲٽĿתʱѾ
ҪĶԣ͸ѭµǾ仰ŵռνꡣ
ȴɵò죬յľ仰ǼƵģ
ҿӣǰհѾ裬һֱŵı˳ôô飿
ƾ˵仰ҵ˵ϣı˱ۣŽĿתƾ
ְܲһԡ
ƾЦҡͷ˵ٶֻ࣬ﵹæѡ
ɫ쳣ѿȴҲ֪ھȥκνƾ롣
ȥǰƾһ䡣
ʲô취Ƚյ걣£
ƾһüë˵УѻյĻǷǿɣĻŸ䣬ȴҧгݵ˵˾䡣
Сӵʱǿ嶼˳ˡ
һһСҿһСĵ׺Ǻǲѣĵ׶ĻԹҲɵ˼֡
岻𣿡
ƾڣ˾䡣
⻰Ŀȴȵĳƾ
ãԳǺ;ܽң
ܡƾ˵䣬ֹסЦ⡣
ǻڵĳӶˣҪ֪ʼϡȴ;һףң֮廹˾룬ָ˲ּͽ⿪˲ַӡ
УȴҲ֪ܵ;⽻ײû̵ʲôôƵǾָ˲ּ䣬һңҵյɣ
ȴݺݵİһָּȻԻֺϤȴ൱İһݺݵİˡ
뿪ʱ򣬺ݺݵĸƾ˦˸ɫŷȥƾٶȴ⣬кһ˷Է
ƾļҺܴ˵Ǽҡôˣֱǰɽׯ˵ҳôһμôķӡ
סӵҲ٣ȴûһ˸Էټϰ˲ˣȴֻҺƾˡ
Ѿٽƹͷ£ʣԵʮ˳˯
ҽӲſӣȴӶҶƾ˹òͶ˺þãֱƾҡ
θ𣿡
εЦЦҡͷ˵ûУվŵЩôԡ
ƾҡ
𣿡
Ҳ˺һᣬʶĵ˵ͷһ˻֣ʾվһԵЩվһԵЩˣȴûһǰģȫʯƵվһԣŲû̧
ƾ״ЦˣĿǿҵģȴǶվŵ˵ġ
ôģ˵Ļˣ
䣬վһԵ໥˿ʮ־нһǣȴӾнˣ˵ԷӶûһɶģֱƾɫһŶ˿ӣҵ
ǳԷ˶࣬ҾҲжôͻ˿ӡ
ٷ˰СʱɳԵټĿֻʣҺƾˡ
ҲƾΪһۼңϲˣŶôر𣬱Ͼڵг趼ñҺÿ
ͱƾԺߣӲͷƤӦԺ˺þãǶĬûһ˿˵ʵ̲סˣƾ
ԺԺʹʲô˼
䣬ƾͣ½ŲֲĿʵ
û𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ûаּӽ˾䡣
Ǹõģ
ƾң̷ΪԺÿֱƹԺŮƹܵıŮԺԺ
ԺǸսһЩӵܣԺȴǾӢſԴģҴԺˣ߶쵱Ǻ͸߹׸һģǱΪʦ֡
첻ѣҪ֪Ҳʲôᣬǰ䶼ǰӲģҸҿ϶Ҳ֣ʲôƾ֪ģȴ˾֣ѵ̽ң
Ҳ֪ǲ۵׵ɻ̫ԣƾԴ
ʲôأ
ҡҡͷ˵û֮ңֿɲ̽ңΪƶʵģҿս˸ԺԺʹҪʲô¶ûŮ˲ʵ˵ңҲڱ˵Ĳ
󣬲ͷһůƾͦϸĵİ
һ룬һЩ̫ŵĿڡ
ɾ˭𣬶Ͼֲֵң˼Ҿľ֣Ҳʲô
Ÿ䣬ƾȴЦˣͷһۣʵ
Ҫ֣˭𣿡
һʱ첻ѡ
ʲô񣿡
£ƾȴأûңԺѧˣԼȥо˵ұˣϾҿսôһ١
٣ŮĶ֡
ʿˮЩ̫˼ƾ
ҿսΪ𣿡
ϾҰδΪʦ£ֻ֪ο֮ǰߵͦڵѾصĿ£Ҫ˲µˣ¶ˣ
ƾꡱһЦЦʮֵףԴһ뿿ϢЦ֮ҡ
ô𣿡
ҡһûʲô˼ȴҷģҿսΪŵĹϵǵ˺棬ʱΪʲôŮʱ򣬿ѧеĶˣΪһ˽ֻΪǿࡰΰ󡱵Ŀꡣ
ƾ뿪ûң̫ϲ뿪ɽׯԼСĵ㣬󻹲ҴӺƣҶϷ


086 ѪŮ
֮󣬲Ŵ򿪵ƣѪŮȲĴѪ֮б˳ĿɿڴҵʲôݣôţΪʲôᱻ׷ɱ׷ɱҵ̻ҿս˸ԺʹݡǲǾ
󣬶ʱղףôˣȴңȻѪ棬ɻܸܳ淢һС
£ҲزסˣֻһһʮĽЩ˵ȻҲɵ˵ģ˵ģһǷֵ
ѪŮЩȴһͷƤ⣬ҡǲòͼԲǱ̵ģ
Ҫ֪ɴû˵ÿͼҳ֪Ļ⣬Ƕͼֲֻᣡ
Ҹҡͷ񶨡ѪŮȴЦ˵˾ദôãÿѻǽŵʱ򣬶᲻߬֡
ɫ˲һ
𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ҲᣬֻȽϲϸ۲ˣٶע⵽ˡ
һѪŮںˣȻп¸˷ֵİѱ
ϣѪŮ˺þãǰ˵ƵģǳĬ˭ûͼ£ֱҲֲס⡣ڴϳ˯ȥ
ü죬ҶȥɽׯƾҲҲٹŶݼ׵ĶȻѧղڻϷϵöѪȴҲûסֱӱƾǻ۽𾦸˸š
ÿЦҡ
ѪôֵǮĶð
һҲϴŵѪ꣬ʱŵɫһ׻һ֪Ҳزסεĵ˵ͷ˵˾䡣
á
ҵĻŸ䡣ȴ˾䡣
ѸŮڲϣ𣿡
ƾЦЦģҴ˿̵˹Ƶģ
Ǹոշ֣ͷȴһֱٳٲ˵ڲ˵
ΣܡȷֻҺƾˣŽѪŮ˳ɲŽѪŮųɲǣƾĿȴĶѪŮϡ
ȻѪŮüƾĿȴûа̰ǴżϧֳŪѪŮڣվԵңЩ֡
һ룬ƾ˾䡣
ܹˣ
Ȼʾ䣬ȴǿ϶ɵõɴ˫ۣƾ
ô֪
ƾȴ֣ࡣ
ƾңѪŮ۽·룬ѧбΪ룬Ůˣ׶飬Ƚ϶ƸУȷſǵʿܻȽҪע⣬ڸϣҲױԷƭ
ѪŮ·дıȽϿҳʻΣŮˣܻȽ϶飬ƽ⣬Ҷ±ˣΪõܶԵĺøУʱȱٵֿԺʹԼˡ
ټϣᱻѪŮŮӣ붼Ǳ׽ɱѪŮϵ̫ȶҲԿá
ƾⷬ䣬ңѪŮҲ𾪲ѣɻûҺѪŮӦƾȴȻҸѪŮ֡
һʱŵĲУƾ
ʲô֣
ƾȻĿһۣڵ
ûԹ⣬ҲܣѧôЩѾǳԶϷϵ׼׼𣿡
˵ͷ˵룬Ÿ䣬ƾһʣһ֣ѪŮѵĸ顣
Ȼ֪Ŷݼ׿飬ŶݼôţĶ飬һǵһμοȻָ㡭
жʱ˼ֲ룬ҪѪŮĸˣǲǿԤҺ;ģ
ɵҽĿתѪŮȴЦЦ
ɣҲ֪
ľҿɴûհĿתƾƾȴѪŮһĬĿڣѡһ֡
ѪŮ󣬲˵һţƾҶܾž֡
һҽ̡̡Źšǡ˳Сȥ˺Щ죬֮ǰЩӣɣֻӱ㽫ã鿴˺ü飬ȷԼûн˳ŴŰƾ
ƾЦЦĿעӵҵϡ
ҿϾֻҶϾ֣
ұ⻰ʵĻһӲͷƤĿתѪŮ˾䡣
Ҫˣ㲻Ұɣ
ѪŮ󣬵˵ͷ˵ᣬǵֵģƾȴҷŵ㣬ҪˣһԽҡ
ҸмĿһۣĵȴԽ̾ҪԼİŶݼѧˣǰԤ⵽һЩףΪǽƻСˡ
׻˵úãѧڣûԣԼ̽ͼأǿ;žָۣһ
ҽŵĽԼַĿ˺ü飬ֱĵ˼ֵͣɫѿĽĿתѪŮڵ˾䡣
ʾ˾죬˼ȻѾȥ˺ܾã㻹ǷǳģĹλȴĹλ˼ıȽ϶࣬ȻǳۣȴĸԸĹλȨȫС
˵ЩѪŮɴ˫۵˵ͷ˵˾䣬ԣ
һԼõϿɣŽŵ˾䡣
ȻĹλ˾ŵأ˼ǱϿʮ̤ʵˣĸʵҲимɽֻǸмΪĹλĹλڼתʱ׽͸һʲôˣλĴųͨһ磬ûлġ
ѪŮɫһŴ˵ԣһʱ򲢲ģֱҹſ˵͸о˸ң֪аҪȰʱľԼһˡ
˵ͷľϸĿһ飬󿪿ڡ
ϿԿպһʱϲģֻкøеϲûж档ĹλȣټĿλ֮ûܣصĶĹλûظУûȤ֮ڸ䵭ʱת˹תʱߣԿʼƭ㡣
˵ЩѪŮɫѾӽҰף۵ײϵðŲϵͷ
ԣƭҡ㻹ܿʲô
ϸĿһߣ뿪˵Щʲôʱƾȴҡ
һѿɲתʱٵߣȵʱǣǴһ


087 ƾϾ
һƾ⻰һһûӦһֱΪٹ˼ǲ˼ȢǺѪŮܽȴû뵽ھŹ֮оȻһ
һʱҺѪŮĿⶼתƾϡһƾڵ
ѪŮѲһ֮ȣ֮ǰǣҪ֪ѵĹλߣ߲ѣرαװѺһʱйôһøУɺܿ͵Ȼ޴ˣҴһʼʶģĳļƣƣټرαװװһǶѪŮкøвŽӽʵ򲻹ͶѪŮ
ƾ䣬ұ·ξ
ٴŮˣһͷɵܻһ̫Ϊ氮²ʲôҲ᲻ϵƭԼΪԷѰҽڡ
ĸѪŮҪáѪŮǻιŹȥ֣еʱѾǰˣģģţԣԲΰ롣
ţұѪŮǲڡƾ
ȵʱǣһʲô˼
ƾƤЦⲻЦִһɼ˵֡
졣
ѪŮһɫʱһæЦҡͷ˵ܣ㲻ҲԲܳ졣
ĻŸ䣬ƾǰҵְѪŮǰָϽǵĹλڵ
ȣͬͬʱΪ֡޷ͻơ˼ǣƭ㣬зԣ౻ʲôסֲˡ
˵Щƾͣ˼룬ЦЦѪŮֱѪŮɫʼĵļ˵
Ĺλǡ˿ţзֹʲôԾĵطȴûǷ룬ٰ֮ǰϼ˵Ĺλˣһ֣㿴һͷԸȥ˽࣬һ֡
ѪŮɫѾѿ˼£ֻ˱۾ݺݵһƾ
ܿλֵһʲôʲôʱֵ𣿡
ƾͷ˵˾䣬彻֮ǰͳˣֻһʼĹϵʮ˭ûбֱ幬λתʱŮĶһµͻơ
˵Щƾ˶٣ָһλ˾䡣
ǸŮĹλ˾ţڱȽƯĵ֣֮ӢӦñȽϼڹƤףݣ毺ã̫׽͸ظǿټ̫֮󣬶ȣرܲˣرϲӹĹλּĹĹ˼ǣŮģӦߵˡ
ƾĻŸ䣬ѪŮɫѾɷ׵Уҵֻ˲٣۵Ҳ˳
ѪŮ˱ۣѾû˷Եǰ㵭磬Ҽ״Щ˵Щʲôȴҡͷ˵ˡ
𾪣ѪŮ
ˣ
ͷĬһᣬ˵һ˾ֱӻصҹڲϵѪ
ѪŮصѪ֮УΧպȻĳƲ٣Һƾ˶˺þãȴûһ˿˵
ѾƾԼһ˻ؼСһ㣬Ŵ˽֡
ƾס൱ƫƧʱ򻹺ãһԼȥЩ£ദʱ䳤ҶƾҲʦѵѣ󵨵һ䡣
㲻𣿡
Ѿתȥƾû뵽һ⣬ֱԭأþòŴһ˲䣬ӿŲĳǰˡ
ƾ
Ȼ˵·գ
ȻıҵģܴΣ·֪ʶ·ƵģֱһѪҲѹɽׯ
֮󣬺ѪŮüûг˯ǰų֣˫ۺĸƵģֻûˡ
ҡ
ҪǺǲЫĳ
һѪŮʱûзӦ˺ü룬Ŷҡͷ
ڰƭͱѣ˭û˭˭ռˣ㡣
ѪŮۣ۵ɲһѪ۽
˵֪ƾгֵ˭ҿܼ
˵ΪƾһϯȻ俴ˣңҪ뱨𣬻᲻ͬˡ
󣬶ЦЦһ䣬ᣬȻ뵽ʲôɫ͵һ䣬ѪŮ
ûãЩ֣
һҡ
ʲô֣
ưոݵҡҡͷ˵ǡ
͵شӴ˵˾䡣
ˣûɵҵϣˣôܾͷԼòѪŮΪ˵Ķôˣ㣿
ѪŮʮŵЦЦ˵ӴôѪѵóôױҵ
ҵƤȴڴʱܸоһиûô򵥣һ룬ҽĿתѪŮ
ʬ𣿡
Ÿ䣬ѪŮɫ˲һ䣬˵˾䡣
Ӧڡ
ҵжʱ˶ԲߣѪŮȻѪţ⼸ȱһȥƾ̽̽ڷ硣
ƾ̽Ŀڷ磬ȻΪˣ̡
Ҫ֪ŮɲΪѧϰŶݼ˽ͼ飬ҪͼǰƶһܴӮҡ
ܴӮңܵļҲġ
ɽŮ֮󣬳ÿƾרŶݼ֮⣬ȴֻûҽȻûб¶ȴͻŵĲС
ټѪŮ£ܸоȥûûǻᱻġ
ȻˣΪʲôΪǿ


088 
ڶһ磬ұֱȥƾߵǰұ˹ݵ֮ǰӲͬǣЩ˸С˸еҲĻŲȵڳֵǰ
ɲߵƾǰֱɵԭء
ƾԣһϤĲϤӰҿһɲǣǰȥݺݱסȴס嶯һ˲両ҵǰһᣬݺݵһߵƾǰ
ƾôҲ벻ġ
ҲûҺ;ٴμ棬ֳ
ʦ˵ٴμ룬Ǿһ
ƾ٣һ裬ϸ¶һϢһʱ䶼ֹһɲǡ
գߵƾԣ̧ͷЦЦ
ͦ簡
ҶͷЦЦ˸Զλ޵Ʈ˾ϣȴЩĻرܣԼĿⲻ׼
ЩΣɾȴһûҵϣŵڣĿⶼϵעƾǰѹݡ
ҲûһᡣƾֽĿתǰ٣뵯ࡣȴڶ˵䡣
ɡ
ƾͷٵλø˾롣
£Ҳ̲סĿȫ˾ϣ۵׵Ҳβס
뾹Ȼᵯݣ
һ룬Ƴɱ㴫ҵĶУеƾĲͬʮֵģɾ뵯ôĵӡȴע˸飬ⱾӴ˼˸У顣
ൽһ룬Ȼһֻ磬ԭȼɵͬɽˮ಻һζӿҵļ䣬ֱһβ˻ھ뵯档
˵ǰƾӣⱲӼģôȴѷָ¡
ʲôʱѧᵯô֪
ƾȻڶУȴɵõɴ˫ۣѵǵһε٣
һ룬ȴ֣û䣬֪
ƾЦЦĿתеյ裬ָϵڱشĦȴûں;˵ƾӣޱƾǰԭݺõĲˮˣһĿʼϴ裬ݲ衣
ˣܿƾǴĿĵģƾȴװʲô֪Ƶģǵûᣬ;뽻˲ա
۾룬۵һƬȻҲû¶κɫ·ƾûݲƵġ
ֱƾϵĲҶọ̈̄˸㣬ƾҲ̲סż΢ŭЦſ˵˾䡣
Ϻõá
ȴֵıҪƾɢǣȴƾʣµģһ룬ƾгʾ롣
ңòһҪɣ
һƾ˵ҵ֣ɵúһȫעĶ´κһ־ٶ
ɾȴûƾ˵⻰Ƶģһݲ˳ȥ֮ƾ˵֡
ûˡ
ᣬȴŨŨϷʣƾ˲
⻹ҺƾദôãһμڵôѿڿɲǱģǱġ
ҪǾǱķʽԴƾƾֳܱһȻɫȻӡû˼䣬ڵıȴֻƾװǸƵӡ
ĺܺãƾ뿪ڵɲǣȿ䡣
·գ԰ɣ
仰ֱƾ˵Ļ˻ȥƾͷڵɫ˲ڵĲƾƫƫͳԾ븹ڵףҧгݵʾ롣
ôˣ
̧ۣЦЦ˵֡
û¡
Ҫ֪ƾ󣬿ɵƾҪġ
һŶһ˵ƾģǷȫ
⻰Ÿ䣬ƾðŭ𼸺Խ֮ڵһжոɾ
㲻ǲ𣿡
ûŭƵģ˵ͷ˵԰ֻ뿴ȫ
ǺƾҲ˵Ըȥֽͱʣҵ᲻ֵʱֱӰ˸ףѸٵֽϽʱ֧ݳܣẉ̣̂Źţǣ
Ӳƾֱ˸֣ȴû֮ǰԴʵֱӶԾ˵˾䡣
ģӹĿɱá
ޱĽֵֽõǰϸϸĿ˿һ룬ЦЦƾһ䡣
ˣ
ƾһԾ˵˾䡣
ûа
Цƾ˵˾䡣
乬Ӣֿɸߣѵݵ˼
ƾɫЩףȴî˵Ծҡͷ˵ǣǽڶص˼
ƾ˵⻰ʱĿǶž۾ɶŶţĪĸоƾԽԽû˵˶˺ü룬ֱ뽫ĿһЦЦ
⻰ƭƭƻܻùȥ
һ룬ƾ˶ŭˣֱӴӵվµ˲䵭Ȼ޴棬ڵʾ롣
㶼֪ʲô֣
롰Ŷһ˵±Ĳ׼뿴ƾġ
⻰ڶߣôм̽˼ֻҲףΪʲôƾƭƭ롣
ֱһ룬˽֣ƾ벻ȥתתƾ󣬽ŭ˼֣ʾȥġ
֡
塣
ĻŸ䣬Ƥֹס˸ôоƾȥ壬ûԼı壿
һ룬Ҷ߱ƾüֱӺݺݵľܾ˾롣
ȥ
Ÿ䣬ԺȻһŲ
ô֣ôң


089 ԳVS
Գǵ˲Ҷһʱ˵ĿⶼϣȴһСңŸСӣӲȴһֻ˿ȸߵǵǰصذžλ
ңƾΪԳھԵɲǣᷢҪ֪ԳСµ˲䣬֮⡣
˼ҾȴѹһףֱӽԳ˸ףƾ
ܵƾɫȴһ˵ЩʲôԳǱСƵ˾ǰʾ롣
˿ȸģƯ𣿡
ۡн˿ȸһۣ˾䡣
Ƚ˿ȸƯ
һ仰ñһƵĹԳ˲˸ɫҪ֪Գǳÿ൱Ů࣬ɻı˵Ůˡ
ɾĻŸ䣬Ժб㸡ֳ˹ԳֵĻ棬ɵĵ׸̾Ů˶ûôС񱡱
ڳˣĸ˾Ƶģ
Գɫ˲䣬ֱ˻ȥֻ۵ĨԽŨ˲٣Цʾ롣
ҪҰѻգɽ˿ȸ˵᲻ֻĸ
ûشԳǵĻǽǰӴ򿪡ֱӽĽ˿ȸˣԳһ䡣
ȸСȴҲ졣
Գǵɫ΢䣬ʾ롣
û䣬գأҸ㣬ֻҵô죿
ڹԳֵ˲䣬Һһ֪ʲôܣȴ˵⻰һ䣬Цѡ
ԳװҲ̫ˣұ˿ɾǰûע⵽ϣ뻣룿
ô׻Ĺȥ
һ룬ȴһ˶벻ĶϵĽ˿ȸ˻֣˿ȸȻĳžķ˾ֱ֮ϡ
Ц˿ȸëڽ˿ȸͷһǣŽŷɣŷɵ˲䣬ԹԳǻ˾䡣
ģģģҲûá
ơ
Գ˵⻰ǰĿӸ˸ϡá
ֱʧǵ֮УŽĿתƾ͸¶һɻȻɵϢͶ䣬һ˶Ĥݵ档
Ҫ֪ڷǵûм䣬˷ӡ˴룬п۷ʱڵʮ֮һʩչ
ɾľ룬ȴ˼ɵ׽͸˿־塣
ƾ˺þãƾ̾һԾ˵
ˡ
ЦЦû˵ƾŽŵһ䡣
֪Ҳ·ģĹˮ߰㣬ĹݺύҪ߶ô죿
衱ִӾĿ˵˼ԣӦҪҽĹģǿġ
ƾ⻰ʱɫһƺʲôȻĿת˱һͷ϶Ҫݵҡ
ϼ
ȻңŵòУ͵ġһҾ֡
¹Ĺ𣿡
Ҹ˵ûУȴִ˿̵ľ뾹ҲĿתҵϡ
ҵģ˲ǻͨͨͣɫ˲һȦͬʱҺҲĿ¡
һɲõͷҵĺð⡭òĹɣ
±ϳҸµǣҾھǰȴϵҡ
û˵ƾֺҼ֣С˵˾䡣
Ӧã¹ɡ
ֱǰĸ֣һ¹ĹѨæڣһĹ
ҵɫ˲ɷףܾȴ˾Ц
ңƾЩ뵽Цʲô
ƾֱ̥У˵ںĻᶼûУֱӱԼžĹ
緹ƾԵģԷʱټĿֻҺƾˣƾҵԣɾȴҵĶ棬ĿûзҵϣҾǽӲĻڡ
ٷɵĳ꣬ȴͬɫǲԼ׳ʲô
ߺƾҽ컹ҪҪѧţҡҡͷ˵û飬ƾȴԵüëҡ
òῴϾ˰ɣ
ĻŸ䣬ҵʱͣ˼룬˵ûУȴңˣȻܺãͦýӽġ
ĵʿˮ˵˾䣬ĳ
Ҫ֪Ҹʶʱ򣬿Ǳ˸ڶ࣬رԵ
ǼɫЩѿƾæ˵˾䣬밡벻ýӽΪ̫Ůɫ
һƾ⻰ʱüëĵ׷ЦƾϿȥĺƵģ˿ڴ谡
ƾΪʲô̫Ůɫ
ƾصĶЦЦ˵֮ǰΪǶ䡣
ɫһһʲô˼
֮ңǰʶʱ׷һˣ֪ǸеŮģ׷֮ǰŮĿһҵľ룬ӳȥ
ɫ˲䷢ףȻ֪֮ǰͻйһ¶ˮգȴû뵽֮ǰˡ
һƾ׷˭ƾɫȴ˲һ䣬Լ˵̫ˣֱӽ⳶˱𴦡
һƾ˺ܶеûģһѻת룬Գǣͼ棬ƾ൱ıܻ䣬һܴм俴Ǽѣһǹϵܺõ֡
ǰŽҪĹ̽˼־Ϣ
ƾȴңұ̫ˣĹôýģǾԼп棬ο
һ⻰ΪҪʲôˣով۾ţȴɫȻһ䣬ԼȥСĵ㣬ʱ򣬶Ķ
һҹΣڶһ磬ұĽԼʰһ飬ͼЩϵģһ뵽ƾ˵ǻ


090 
һҽͼ壬аȫϣܸоϾһöʱըƵġʱп
ֻ˲䣬ҵͷһת͵һĻ˼ҵ˱ͼ˽ȥȥ֮⿴һ飬ȷͼŪ˼ҲֲˣŴš
ǰصش˼пڴĴ£Ѱ˽ȥаҵ·棬ҶƤ
һ׼մţȴյʦĶţңȥĹСһ㣬ǵðҩϣҵһγҩѾ˶ʮˡ
һţʱŵͷƤһ飬͵˻ȥʦҵƿҩϣԱʱ֮衣
֮ǰνĹĹ˺Щ죬˭֪λ᲻Ĺ´һڣҩЧûڳ
ƾſڣ;Ѿ˳ҡƾǰϣҴкںޱĿһۡ
һۣȴҿϲ¡
Щ룬Һ;ں˺üСʱмһξ룬Ҳ֪ǲƾ˵ڱŮˣǧ֮⣬ڿⱣž룬ֱǵ³һ¶ĲС
ƾԵĶЦЦǸЦǰҵ˻ա
۾룬ԴӵڣɫͽĲУһȡ֦Ҳ֪һԱߵʲôֱͷҺƾ˵Խȥˣ͵͵Ļͷһۡ
־뾹Ȼ֦ڴڻһȻ֦ģȴ൱ǻ֮ϣȴ˸оƺһڲƵģɵҲ죬
Ѿ߽˴ӣһȴĪѹͺ䲻ȥľٶƾ˸ţͷҡ
ϼôˣ
ɫһףε˵˾ܸоӹֵֹģеš
󣬵˵ͷ˵Ǻܹ֣¥ǽסģȴסôˣҲûȥһֱ
һ˵¥ʱ첻ѣ
סķӣʲô˼
ƾң¥¥Ҳ¥ߵȴᴩһû˻Ὠַӣ¥ѾЩʷˣ֮ǰһֱǻס
ͷƤ˲һ¥¥Ҳ¥¾߹ңҺ;¥¿ȴ¥ĹѨ
ô£
У¥ڵ꣬ǴǮԼģȻ˻Ƥӵ֮Լ𽥿ʼ˥ˣôǮ˼ңôס˵ķ
ǼɫЩŹ֣ƾæңôˣǲǱӵĹŵˣ
εҡҡͷ˵û£ɲŰĿת룬Ժȴϻ˵Ļ
ңζӣһԶҪ
ϴκ;ѾǷһδɣȻûгʲô£ӾĪĿʼ
رԽȥԽоƺʲôٻңҵľԽţԽ£ڸƾˡ
Ȼ̺һֱңܸо̺˵仰˿ûκƣʲôڻص¡
Խ룬ҵɫԽף׵ƾͣ½Ųֱҵ֣ǲǲҪǲͻȥ
˵⻰ʱĿǶھϣɾһƾһȥޱ飬˿͸Щʲô
ѾӣҲ֪᲻ͬʲôʣһָоӣߣѾˡ
ҲѹһֱôңҶȥʦĸҷţԼСĵ㡣
εЦЦƾ˵û£ңƿҵ֣еǱǰȥ
ûܸоĿһֱĶеķ֮ϣĿ·ܴ͸ĶԽԽ£һԼͱʶ˵ĸо
ͷԺһЦԼɵƣȻû˵ңҲûʲôŵɴҵ̬УһڸңرںңҪǲںҵĻҲصƾ֣ҵƽ
һ뵽ƾ֣ƽӦǻûϳ뵽ҲɵðһŽĿԼ˼ȴ͵ط֣ǰߡ͵Ҽˡ
ԣѾҼˣ̵ļҡ
Ŀת룬ȴ͵ط֣ǰ̼ңǵûͣ½ŲǴ󲽵ĳ̼ȥֱ˼ſڣͣ˽ŲͷҺƾһۣ˾䡣
ǽȥ𣿡
ʵˣƾȴһң˵˾䡣
ȥΪʲôȥ
ʱ˹һƴƾϣһ뵽ҵĶͷ˾Ľ嶯˻ȥ
һ룬ת̼ǰȥ˼ǳ¾ɵľţֻ֨ѽһľű˴ˡ
ϤĲϤ˲ӳǰұһᣬĪЩޡ
ȻңɰʦĻ˵ڹؼʱ̣һ·
ңȻ棬ҵĺãҲġ
һЩ벻ͨұʦǴΣ̿Ǻ޲ðѾǧеɱôģ
Σֱӵ˼ſڡ
ǰ棬ƾڶҽƾϤİļȥ
Ѿٽ磬գȴܲһ˿ů⣬Ժһӣϰ˷ˣԱ߷ӡ
̾ǰ˾һƵģ궼ĸ


091 ٶ
ٷԵʮְ˭Ҳû˵ֱٷ꣬ҵ˼ڷ
ķ˺ܺóԣϤζԵҼС֣ϻĹ﷢һвԺлֱ˶ƾҵļ򣬽ҴԼԺء
Ų߸
ƾڣšüͷһۣ·֣ôһ˸Ƶġ
һҶƾЦЦŴӵһ仰û˵̵߽ķ䡣
ʱ򣬾Ѿ棬Һƾһۣλ̺;ڶӣ˭Ҳûп˵ܰ紵Ҷһ
ã̲ſڶԾ˵˾䡣
óɡ
״ЦЦȴûд𸴣ǽǿס
ζĿ˼۾룬Ҳδ̾һԴЭ˵˾䡣
ҰײģڰѶҡ
£ŵͷ˵˸á
ҾɵܿڵľơյĻǿɢˣǺ;סþǣȻ̶ûƤӷصֱԽĹĹײɣ
Ҫô򵥣ﻹƾ
ûҴӲлѾƾ˦˸ȥȫ̷ǳϵϢѹ͡
ͬʱƾһۣҸϡȴоԴӾվ̵֮Ŀǵûھϣһֱڶҿ
۵׵˼ҿҵȴͨͨĲУܺԼᱻ̿ʲô
ɾ͵̷̤żɲǣȴĿ˻ȥȫ̶̲̼룬ȴŵһ亹
̼ҳ뿴ĿĵĴתһȦӺС˿ȴܼھ룬ƾףȻ˵򡭡
ңȴԵ൱ͻҴģʹû̫Ĩͮͮĸԭ죬˲Ϣ
ɾƾڴ˵Ŀ⣬ȴӸףǿߵһСһֻ֦Ա߻һ̫ͼֱҹ٣ƾ֣㣬ܲܽײʬó
Ÿ䣬ƾȻ˾һ䡣
̬ĳֲŹ֣
νЦЦȴһ룬͵ؽеǸֱ֦Ӳ̫ͼ룬ͷƾ˵˾䡣
߰ɡ
һ磬ڴ˺üȦ˵Ľȴʮ䣬ǵ̼ſڣ̵ĽҲ˦˸׼׼
̣ķóһյ͵ƵУ͵Ƶ˲䣬̵ɫ˲䷢˱仯ĿֱⷢӶתɫ԰ײҰײѣ춼ϵĿʼ䶯״졭
Ժ˺üȦֱŵ˲䣬Ž͵Ʒͷ֮ϣ͵Ʒͷɲǣŷ֣ɫѾ
˿ȻܼһҹҲԻ˼С·ʮֵĿտסĵطЩƫ·ƶûǰ·ȫƾͷյ͵
Χķܴ󣬻رаţҵֱӶһһʹӵƾסҵļ򣬸Ҵ˼ů⣬
ƾҼɲǣԵĸܵһɲƣǾʱͷһۣĿǽƾҼֻϣĿ˼ֲˬҿ顣
ǡôˣ
Ҫ֪ԴҼЩ䣬ͣҵϡ
ûҶ룬̿ǲ״ѾתǽӲ˿̾Ȼ㵸µǣ㵸˲䣬Χķεĸˡ
ɲǣԵĸоʲôڳǵķ£Խ¥ķߣΧĿԽͣԽˡ
ԺȻ󡰷紵ݶ⡰紵ݶȴ˾ݴԣǷһʱŵĺ󱳷תȥǲʲôȴƾһŤͷ
ֹģͷ
ƾٶȽҵͷŤ˻ȥһǿݴһ˫˫͵۾
ʿˮСƾһ䡣
û֣жڸǣ
ƾһŲ˲ҡ
ʲô
ҲָָĲݴԣƾͷɾһ˲䣬ԺȻһ󡰿ĹЦŵһһתͷǲǴӲݴ﷢ģȴһ͵طӦ
⡭
̵
ֻ˲䣬ɫ׵ľڸʬһȽŷЩţƾȴ󷽵Ľҵļ֮ϣν˵˾䡣
ĶЩСĻƤӣ¡
һǵǻƤӣ뵽˻ƤӷصĹ£ʱë׶ƾ״ҡ
㶼£
Ҹ˵Щʲô̵ЦӹˣҲߵ˻̵ɽССϵ·ǳʮֲߣɾȴʱ򣬴һĨɱĿͷһƾҼϵ֡
˵ǰƾû£ƾȴĿŵĻһ͵ؽҼϵַﻹСֹ˾һ䡣
ʲô˵ġ
ַµɲǣޱĽĿŲ˿˸ĵЩʲô
ͬʱȺСĻƤӣȻһߵǰĲݴ棬ŵ·һ͵۾ҵֹסĿʼ


092 
ķǸܵͼĴڣ͵ط֣ʲô
һ֮ǰǸһֱƵ
ͼ壬а顣ϻŸѪŮʲôµģ
ͻĶ־˲ֱͦҡˣԭѩ׵ɫҲĺ
ʱѾߵɽС·ľͷΧ˲ɫǰľ˲٣һĹ¥˲
¥ǰյ׵紵ĴҡΣڱΧһԵ÷졭
ۿѾ߽˺УӰױ֣ԵʮʡΨͷյԽԽ
ǵҺ£߽ź֮ǰƾصطŲͷҾ䡣
𣿡
ɻû˵Ȼת˾졣
ⶼ£ô죿
ĵ׶ʱԾݺݷ˸ۣ²˲ӿ˲٣ǱҺݺķ㱻Ҹ顣
ʲôʱ˵ˣ
仰Щ壬ȴЦˡҲûңŻĴ߽˺
ʱ¥ţѾ̴ˣæȥȴûƾҵӣҡ
ûþе֣
һؿڻû˳ȥ䣬϶ǳԴҩˣȴѿڶ˲䣬͵ؽһת
Һ죬ô֪
ƾһĶЦЦصص˾䡣
ѵעһŮء
ĵ׺Ǻһ
ǰѵעһŮģôһŮء
ڵݣŴϼôעҸ
Ҳû뵽ʱ򣬾ȻԼĴס
ɫ̫ÿƾæסɴʱҺƾѾߵ¥ǰյ׵·
׵紵ĲĴҡҷԻʱʱɳɳƬĳ˵Ķࡣ
߽ȥʱѾԺﲻϵһȺƤȫ̵Ժתⳡж죬ж졣
Ҹ볯԰ȥȴ͵ط֣Լֱ۱ʲôס˳ֱ۳ȥǾźڵ÷͵ؽ˶¥ƾ󣬲ϷЦ⡣
վ϶¥˲䣬Ժðһ޴Ļ⣬⽫̺ͻƤȫȦм䣬̽յ͵Ʒ˻Ȧ룬˺üһȺȺƤӲϵĿͷݡ
ҿ˿İһθžʱ̿ɲ˾ʬ
Χϴݵ˶ΪĹײļɲǣݵȴէȻֹˡ
նʱЩţڻȦ̶ʱԭأӸӡ
֮һݵ֮ǰһֻˣظ˺üΣֱȦֱݽȥһӣǰյ͵Ҳ֪ʲôʱ˿͵شӵתݺݵ۵׵ĿΧɨһȦͣҵϡ
һ룬Ŀ𿪣ʾ롣
㻹ǵãϴ׷𣿡
ͷ˵ǵá
ȴȻ˵˾䡣
ϴαײĵģǴȻ֣ѹײľ˻ȥ
˵仰ֲһ䡣
Σпܣ⸽
ĵ׶ʱ˹ײȻйأ
󣬾뾹Ȼ˾䡣
ܸӦ𣿡
ҡͷ˵֮ǰԣǴﱻ˲רİҲӦģȴԿ϶ھڴңⲻԶ
ҵһ˲̴ʱȴĿٴתҵϣŵŷֶʼ
һ룬Ȼ¥ݣվҵĿǰһЦݣҡ
С԰ҿ𣿡
䣬Ȼ֣ҵקǰ͵ؾ㿪ͷȴӲıĵס
ʱҪǶˣĻᱻ˻ɡ
Се
̵ٴ𣬰ŵͷЩ̧˲Щ٣ϵڿԼǷ壬ֻûԼһҧ顣
ĵײʦݵҩ裬ıҵҲܸıҵ࣬ϣôΣǧҡ
ֵͬʱһֻ֣е·ִ̼񾭣ֱҵַſ۵׵˲٣Ŷ˵˾䡣
СͦãԺдΪ
εЦЦĵ׶ʱһ͵ŵͷ͵ĸˣĨԭ죬Ϊ˲ٴʵߡ
̽Ŀת룬⸽ײģҪȥȰҵ
ҡͷ˵ã۵޵Ц⣬ȴһԽ̵߶˵˾䡣
鷳ˣĹˡ
Ÿ䣬̵ɫ΢䣬ʾ롣
ǰأ
ȴЦһõĻ˾䡣
ҺԼǰҰѹײҰǣײĻڵصµȥأҪǰǣ˵ȥɣ
̵ɫ˲һԾ˾䡣
Ȼȵȵȣȥ˭ȥ񣬰ˣڻķλҵȻס
ҡͷ˵ˣȥҪǹײò̡
ԵĴϿãɾ˵Ļ˼ԣݲκ˷ԣҲֻý˻ȥǰݺݵĿ˾һۣԾ˵˾䡣
Ҳҡ
ͷ⽫ͳ
Ҫ֪ʱùײģͻȴûʱ壬ʱһĻûطܻɢˡ
̵ֱӰʧǵǰƾ˾䡣
ôҪƾôӦ


093 Ĺ
˵Ҳ֣Դߺ󣬾رĺãͷƾһۣЦǽһãҺ;Ӵôáټãļ﷢ϲá
Ϊ󷨣Ҳġ
𣬲ңƾɴ˫ۿ룬ǳ춼һ󼦵
һ֦ӵдд󣿡
ƾʵͷ˵԰Ȼô
Ĳ˾䡣
л̣ҿ϶ӡôæñꡣ
Ļ䣬ƾǾȵıͿ¼쳤øˣʾǲǴһʼṵָ̂ײġֻ϶ڲӣ
ͷʮ֡桱˵˾԰Ȼô󹦷
˵ЩҲҺƾķӦֱ¥
˵֮ǰǸ˳ᢣµĴ廷׽͸ɽ;һȽϣŷ˳ᢵˡǾŶԡ
м䣬֪еһУܰµôףɾǺһʲô֪ȴֱӽˡƿسԼӡ
һ뵽Ϊңĵ˲ů̵ġþǰ֪ܸӦеһУǰ˸󷨣Ҳֱӱ¶ˣ
벻ͨǣô֪һ
һ¥ֱԺǻȦȥԭԺӵĻƤͲ֪ʲôʱʧӰ٣ֻʣȦҪϨĻȦлȦ׵Ĵ󶴡
վڻȦǰЩ棬֮ǰĹǴ¥һ¥
ɾҳɵɲǣѾŴһԾȥ
𣿡
ƾҶҸͷȴ͵رƾһ˴
ǽһֻڶȻңı۾ҪܴųȥһҪƾݺݵĴһ٣
ΪӭҵǱĵذʱȴ׹һůϤĻһī㣬ҵıǼ⴫͵صɴ˫ۣȴһ룬ֱӶ˵ذϡ
һۣҵĺֱӿ˵ذϣͬʱƾҲһЦȤ
ǲʳ˼̻һҲϧѵ㻹㵱һضأ
ûƾԹԵߵһԣϸϸ۲ǽϵıڻ
ƾǰһѣҴӵק𣬻ġ˵˾䣬һ·۾һֱž뿴ᣬֻû뵽ôʶȤ
ĵװƾݺݵһ飬ȴεЦЦܸоǲʲôڲ֮䣬ײˡ
ʱҲĴͷ˼ۣ˾ȻһΧǽϵյյƣǰȴһߵľ¥¥ڵصµһ¶һ߶ǡһɫĵ죬۽ף֣ڿշȥ
ǽڵص£ȴҫҫ۵ĹâֻһۣҲŲκĿ⡣
룬һ׸ߵĺľţһͨͨĺľţվǰȴܵһɴδйİ磬ʹ
뿴һֱǰ׸ߵĺľŸ˿
Һƾæȥȴڼڲṹһ룬ֱɵԭأǽڵصµĹһ¥ķΧȴǻĹĹѨ
һԼ׸ߵ̨᷽氲ŽǵΧ̨ߴÿһýĽ微һ޴ĵﴹһɫĴԲ飬ΧС飬ͷĽǱļʻѤĿɫͼ˫Ϸ飬裻˶ʣΧƻ档
Ҹ޷ţ¥һô̻Ի͵ĽȻ֪ⶰ¥м㣬ɵһ¥װֱȫȵϹŴıƸˡ
ɵã˼ɻ롭
ǰòǻʵ۰ɣ
ͷ𣬱ܿ챻ԼˣȻûľĹҲ֪Ĺжмڣһû˵лʵ۰ԼĹߵĹģңڵҲ˲ߵС¥
һ¥ʮֿտ˸еĽ֮⣬˵Ʒˣһʬ壬һײĶûг֡
ɻûȴ͵ͷϴָӹײİʶĸͷȴ͵رƾһԡ
ʱҲŷ֣ûйײģȫΪЩײͱ˵ϣ
ֻ˲䣬һסĹײģײİȫ˿һ߾ʬ͵شӹײ£ɻûҷӦᴫһơ֣Щڵϵʬ˲ȫը˷ĩ
ʱһŽĿת룬ȴת޵Ц⳯϶¥¥ݵķȥ
Һƾϣȴϴʬթʬ
ܴͷϱ˹ײģղűֻ䣬Һƾˣ˲䱻ʬΧһ
ҺƾΪǵʱȴ͵ط֣ѾԹԵǰ¥Ľݡ
թʬʬܶ࣬˵ҲмʮϰپߣһŹŴķΣȻϲĸģ˵ҲмǧˣûɷɽҲ
ڻĹһ㶼ܰҸɱοôߣ
ҽŷȾܣҲŰȵɲǣȴ͵ƾŲֺµ˵
ϼҺ£Ҫҡ
ҵɫһڣ˵ЩʲôֱȴƾݺקסǸߺµı飬ʱ
˵õģֻ·նأ
ǸİڵĲеƾȥˣ


094 
ҺݺݵĻͷƾһۣȴЦǽһã֮ǰ󣬷ƵŹװűƵˣȫˡ
Ҫ˦ƤҩƵģȫҵĺݺ˳˼ӿڴͳ˼Ż߰ĻƷͳƷ˲䣬ƾ˾䡣
ѷҲ˼ó֣
ֱӽ⼸ŻƷ˦ϣݺݵһţʹƵģЦһҡ
Сĺ档
Ļ䣬ҵĺ˲һͷת˹ȥȴѾкüֻɽҵ󡭡
ʿˮŵ˼룬ǹ֮ǰݺݵһ˦ҪΪǿȥڳȥ˲䣬͵𡭡
ʮķⶼûɲ徻ǵġ
Ȼһҵķ˦ЩʬϡëƵģûãҪҶĿ죬㶼⽩ʬҧˣ
ƾǵûҵӣһֱҵʱʱСߡСǱߣҧˡǷɽҪɱˣҡ
䣬ôΣյĳѾˣǱƾɫͨ죬һѷֱ˦
ﲻźˣ
һ룬ȴ͵ظеһ˫յıһɽšϲӣֻ˲䣬ֱӱһȺʬΧһ𣬶Ⱥʬ񿴲ƾƵģȫΧҵߣΧĸˮйͨ
Ҳ򶼸˳һǱĶ¥ݵķ˾䡣
ٲҾͱȺʬˣ
䣬Χ͵ش顱죬һɹ˴¥ݿڵķ򴫳һգ۵Ĺһ¥ΪƽءǰҵĽʬȫ˷飬ϣǽϵŵĵҲȫĥÿԭ
̻Ի͵һ¥˲˸ӣУȴҲžŭ𡭡
һʱ䣬Щ벻ף뵽ʲô
ҺƾŪ˻ˣ
ûһƾѾСƵĳŶ¥¥ݵķȥҵɫ˲һڣ˵õŮأ
Ϊʲôһ룬ԴҩƵģ
֪Ϊʲôڵһƾžô;վһҾر÷ĳ嶯
ƾΪĵ˵һ䡣
ϼ֪ѧղûбң㲻ˣоڣǸͺˡ
һѪ˲䱻˫ֶڷݽҧһҪһֱţƶܡ⿩⡱ͣˣ
ƾƨĵҲ湻õģЩƾˣھǰֱӰѴν˾ϡ
˵õģǹԳ£֮һĹأ
ҼԹԳôͲ䲻ֻû䳰ȷˣ
ЦЦĿһۣɫ˸벻ͨĵʲôֱƾһȵģŶ¥Ĵȥ
һ¥ô̻Իͣɶ¥ȴγ˼ķ
¥ʮֻ谵յӶûУһײʮİ˶¥Ĵ棬ÿײĵǰһֻСԵǽϣֱĻҵĿȴ˲䱻ϵĶ˹ȥ
ǽϵıڻȻϴڻĹþĶһģһ
һûٵŮӣһս룬һˣµ̨ݣһۣĽʬѣֻþĵط˼á
ڻֱӳ񣬶ŮĿšȴĪľЩ죬ֱҵһ͵ؿƾŶžЦĹȻ
ӣҵһμƾʱƾ
ɵãҿʼڻþ￴Ů˭ǽϵŮ˭ǣһΪʲôھĹǽϻ
ƾʲôϵΪʲôڻĹĻþܿ
̫̫˲ӿҵԺ֮Уһ˼ͷ˲ð
˵ǰ븴ǸŮǻգ˵ڻϵŮĲǡ
Ͼһ򵥵ıڻܽŮĳеϣټǰĽ븴ǸЫĳŮǸԡ
ңǸŮǻյˣֻƾȻžʱ򣬱ֵĺɵƵģɶԸ⡱ˣһװģȴҲ
սĿתƾȴҲǽϵڻֱĿУĵĴ˾䡣
ϡ
ǰ˵Ůӣҵ˲һۣõݺݵļͱһ
ɫЩףתͷΣƾ⹷ȴۼķ˶ߣصҾ䡣
ϼҿԴ壬ɫͲϷ׷ڣʱ򻹷죬ͱƵģûʲô𣿡
ҵĺ˲һ٣ĶЩˣ
ɫ׷ڷ죬ͱƵأ
ǰǿڶѻؿڵû˳ȥ仰ģɫ˲ֺһƬ
¾䣬ȴġǰִҵĶͷϡ
Ҳûհôֺˣ
Ŀ˹ȴﾹż˿Ц⣬һƲƾҶͷϵ֣Դռ˵˾䡣
Ůܲ㲻֪òõģ˼Ҷͷ
仰ֹƾĶЩĪ
ⶼôʲôˡͷ˵Щ
ĪģƤֿʼϵرǿžһʲô֪񣬺ԽԽЩ顣
ҸòǣһСĵµ˰ɣ
ƾһ⻰ЦϹŰ壬ȴھɫһ䣬ְϵı黻Ǹȵģ˵䡣
˵ʲôԡ


095 ɢ
ЦЦָָ¥Ĺײģƾ˵˾䡣
Ȼ˵ʲôԣȥ̽̽·ɡ
䣬ƾɫ˲һ䣬ֻûֱӿ޳ˡһ룬ĿתҵϣҹȵЦЦ
ϼҲ֪ģ·գȻȥ̽̽·£
һƾ⻰ʱǺЦ˾䡣
ǰһ·Ҫ߶ˣѧŹȥ㡣
ƾһҲ˲佫黻һ޵ģ̡ᡣݺݵĿҺüۣմǰһѱңȴֵɲֱӱ붪˹ײС
ƾײɲǣȻһײİӱƷɵƾõײ棬ͷµĺǼթʬʬ˸Ӵ
һ룬һ󰧺ǰƾ͵شӹײײĵ˲䡣ȴոթʬǾʬϣǸҪı飬ҲҵС
ɲǼ䣬ƾϵʬɺԶɾڼɲǣвʬӹײʬ
˵ƾײ̽·˵ƾСȰѻȫˡ
թʬʬһ¥ıֻ಻٣ҿӣȼһ¥ĸϲ١
ƾʵֵôʹпɱЩʬ壬ȴһЧҲûУǱʬ嶼ƴջҪ̫ʬ谭;֮·ֱĴˡ
룬ҿˡ
仰Ÿ˵ꡣɫ˲ѩޱȣԶܿͱĵֻгûнˡ
ɾǵûǰƾôãźĵƾһ䡣
ѹײǰյ͵Ϩ𣬾һʬ塣
䣬ƾ沿˲̱һ룬һԳ鴤Ҳ̲סֱЦҲ֪ĸҾȻǰһվھ˾䡣
ﲻƾ˵
ޱĻͷһۣ˼֡
ѵ
ײĹײʮܼƾҪ취ѹײǰ͵ˣ취ԾЩʬ壬Լ˵˲һ͵ƣǱľ񱻾Ҫ˼췹Ƶġ
ҵ˼ȴת˾һ仰ϣҪƾһѵʲô˼
仰ֱ֮һָݲŶôƾȫƾҵģھǰַҼž§ңھǰŻҡ
ƾ¥е͵ϨʱѾ۵̱˵ذϣϵڵذû֮ǰĶŵӣҪǲ˵ƿǮģҶš
ʬĻȫϨǰʬ˿ȫʬ壬Ĺ򣬿ʬ帯õϢΪ͵ƵϨ¥һƬڣǰߣһСĲµʲôʬ壬ĵԼһô죿
ûҰ˼أұоԼȻڿգһī㴫Ǽ⣬ҾȻںڰȵƾԡ
µ˲䣬뽫ҷŻ˵棬ȫ̲룬ΧһƬڣֱܵҺ;ԣƾҡ
ϼôģ
Щ֪ôش𣬸ɴûһ䣬ȴȻʵ
òǾ뱧İɣ
ҵɫһ죬˵Щʲôȴһţ뱻ʬѬͱװϿȥ¥ö
һ룬ƾ͵شӵĻиղǰӣ
ںڰߣЩ£ֵֻͲ򿪣ȴڴ򿪵ɲǣ˱ŵȽŷվԭء
ȻЩʬѾû˹ɿôٸõʬ壬رǸõľڻһӣ֫塭⻹ǾЩģڼϿŵЩʬζζζҹ춼Բ·ˡ
ŶģСĸǿٵ·棬ɲûṳ̂¥¥ݵʱұоԼһ˼ĵɴ˫ָۣоôôǱס˽š
Žͷȥȴ͵ؿһ߰߸ã߻ǽʬģʬקסҵĽţұŵҪˣɽȴݺקסһ񣬲˵ذϡ
Ǿۼֿķסңʬϵ߿ƾȥǲǻ͵ûϨ
ǰһƬǽʬѣҪľжģƾȻǰٰ㲻ԸȴֲòӲͷƤʬȥ
߿Ǿʬ˲䣬ɢһѹŵǾʬ岻ҿǰȻѹȴҸо쳣ϤʮֻǶסھӡ
ֱƾҵյһʬѹİ͵Ϩ֮󣬲Żصǵߣɫޱȵǻһֱֹ֪ʲôֱݺһɫɨ˹ȥŹԹԵı졣
ȫ̾һŰСϱ㲻ҿ
ҿһĻʱЩرƾһ䣬ֲǺˮޣôѽ
ֱߵ˶¥¥ݿڣմ¥ɲǣҵһֻŲŸ̧ûϽݣȴ͵˶ߣһݵ
ӣҵһμƾʱƾ磬ȴȫ˸ӣ·ʮָңַ·ʮֵıˣֻһۣ˾ӵĵس棬þ޷ȴ
˺þãֱɢһ۵ɲǣȴƾվ¥ͬʱͣ£ǲԵĿͷҺþá
ǼһˣƾҾ䡣
ϼ۾أ
ұӴõ飬ʱƾ仰Ϩ˴룬ر˵˾֣Ҽֱ졣
Ҫܻ߳Ҿȥгɱƾˣ
ֱԼݺݵϺüɫŻָ˵˾䡣
ûӵ𣿡


096 ʮ
ƾɫһ㶣Ļ˾䡣
ûа
˾䣬ʲôӣ
Ҹ˵ǵһμףɳڷԼ¶˵Ļֱ˻ȥ˾Ҳ֪ǿ˰ɡ
Ÿ䣬ұ㷢ִʱľЦЦĶҿͷƤһ飬ܸо븹ڵĿ¡
ˣٻôǰ˴к¶ɾ룬ϢʱڸӣȥǮĺÿġ
Χ紵˲ëȻļƤȫǺһƬǰֵֻͲյķˣҶʱʿˮմӲͷƤôȥɾȴ˸ָɲǼ䣬¥¥ݵĵƹȫ
ĵ׶Ծݺݷ˸ۣ粻ƣڲɾȴѴ󲽳ǰȥƾƨƨߵĸֱ˻ԭصҡ
ǰƾܹ˼˼ңһ޷ѡľ˵Ҳķˡ
ɲǣƾŷӦ˺ԶһеķǲǮĵ̯Ժǵһģ̰Сˡ
ʱǽһѿڶʮģȴǳһ䡣
˵㰡ôҲŮԺʹȥһԶϺõķˣʮķⶼûɣһֻ׽ˣ㻹ôң
ֱӳǰֻû÷һˡ
ҲҲôûҰ
˵õģֻ···ģôڶˣ
ͷһת͵ضƾЦһ
㿴ҷửŶݼҲ̵ģʮģҺôҲŮԺʹǹôǲҪһ㣿
ƾɫ˲һȻһһ䡣
ҪǮûУҪһ
֮ƾҲô֪һʲôˣ·գǸزūҪǮҪ
¥ɲǣصػͷһۣ۵ĪҿĹУԸƾҵ㣬˵¥Σյĵط
ֻܹ㣬ǰ㣬Ҳûǰôʮ˳ľ˹¥ī㣬ҸоЩ̫򵥡
ξûƾ̽·ڽڰ֮ǰƾֿ
ƾһЩ죬ˣʲô֣
ЦЦЦǽһףһ룬Ȼ˵˾䡣
Ϊ֪Ҳˡ
һ˵ҵ֣һ˲̧ͷҿͬʱȴ־ĿҲڶҿôʱƾĿǷԶûע⵽һĻȻƶܿʲôˡ
ڴĹѨ
ƾ𣬽Ŀ˾ϣɾȴЦŻ˾䣬Ҳ֪֪Ǹ̺ܿ
ƾһ̺ܿɫͻ䣬ɶҲû˵ˣֱӴӿڴͳֻʣǰĲ迪ʼ֡
ƾֵĲ裬ĵȴ첻ѣһֱǵԣʲôҲûǰûκζԤ⣬ô֪̿ˣ
һ룬͵صɴ˫ۣ촽ȥǰʾҪҪæķλ˵ã̺;Ϊǿ壬û֣ôĸԸķ֣
ö˵ýָͷҶ뵽뿪¥֮һʼȥƾ벼µˡ
Ȼ֪ھĹѨȥ˶ãڤڤܸоԼλᱩ¶ʲô
һᣬƾѾãľ֣ȴ൱Ư
Ŀ⣬СĿһ۾룬˾䡣
׻ɷӦˡ
󣬵˵ͷƾ
ܿʲô𣿡
ƾʿˮĿ⳯¥¿ȥ˵˾䡣
ȻǵλжԶȴܿҲĹѨ档
һƾ⻰ĵ׶ʱ˹ʿĸоʦ˵ģˣȴǿñİ취ϡҵķλຣʱ򣬲Ż̽ɣ
Ҳ벻ͨʦһҩôţΪʲôܸźõģܰȫ޷ֵģ
һ뾹Ȼڣƾչ˺ңϾһŮӣôΣյĵط
ƾ󣬻Цķ֣ϧˡ
ɾȴֱƾԹԵĳźڰȥ̧ŵɲǣرվԭأǧǧҪȥ
һûյ飬ǧ֤⿴ƽ¥жôա
ΧֻܰҺƾ˵ĺ·ĽŲ˿ֻоƬڰܾãȴû죬˵Ǵˣ˵С
ʱһһȥܵľһڰʲôëɵʿˮҪ֣֤İȫɾҴ㿪ںɲǣƾҵ죬ұ˵
ҲĿһۣһ룬ȻһҽĿתұߣȴ͵ط¥ʱ򣬾Ȼ
¥ʮָţһɴӶϴ䣬˵ϣȴ¥ʵĸо
Χż¯¯ʹĴ̣¯Ҳ֪յЩʲôðζ;ϵһޣǵī㡣
ɴڣϡܿʵӰΧյյɫ򣬽ⱾɫĴгֹɫʡ
ΧܰƾȫעĽĿ⣬˱ɴڵӰ֮ϡ
ȥģֻоһˣ⵹Ӱȴеˡ
ɵãҲⱡɴڵģ˭
һ룬ҶߺȻݵ


097 뷢ŭ
Ҳɵñ˫ۣϸݵɣţ˾Ȼ˻þ
һΣҼŹݵŮӣͬǡοģʬ࣬һֵ֮ǧ֮ƣǹıŲæ꣬ûٵգҾȻܵһ˿Ц⡣
󣬿һˣǰȴǧȴм񣬶ֻ̧Ĳ˲ֵµңĵ˾䡣
ͼ¡ճġ˵󣬻Ʋһ̰
Χĺɱֱûеȴֱӻҵĵס
һ룬һһĨüЦ⣬ǿһˣһ޼ʵԭһ
ǧ
ֻ˲䣬Ůµҿʼս֮ϣɵɪ֮Ƴ峺ͼϷɽȪ
޾УͷƮȻ磬ٻȻĲʵ庮߹ѩ׷еһ÷
ʱɪͳʱƮ˿ʱɪ£ʱɪʱɡɪʱʱϣʱ罭󺣣ʱ鶯ǳϪʯ
ս֮ϡȴоԼһ磬бҪһ룬ֵµȻת䣬ȡ֮ģǹɱ⣬һ·͵ؽȺҪıɱ
һɹʺѪҺ˲ȾƬսѪȵζĴѪҺȴûȾŮϰ
ŮӴһϮͷΪһͷīɢ䣬ϵη紵һƬƬ续
Ůɱˣеı˲ԭزǰѾΪʱʱŮ̧ͷģĸٵݣǰǧЦ绨
ҲϲɱˣҸԸ衣
Ůӵ࣬ܺµɽ裬ҡ
ʱкȻһ֡
ɱ
ʿĶ־˲͵ȫŮӵķٴγ˹
ŮЦˡ
Цʮֲãڳݼ仹ͭ㶯Ц
ǲҽ
䣬µٴβɾʱұƾݺһģȻӻþ˹ңܣǳɱ⣬ȴ˵֮ʱҲɴ˻ڽ̸ƾȴСôˣղſҵ۾ͫ׶ʼɢˣ
һͫ׻ɢʱһƾҸոôˣ
һҵ֣ʱ۵׵Ŀ˽ȴû˵ʲôǽָҵϣҡ
ոþˣ
֪ס˵ͷңڻþ￴ʲôɲǣ㱡ɴڣȴ͵ش顱һ
һ룬뾹Ȼ˴ӱɴڴ˳
ûһȴ͵طִӱɴڱľôôЩ֡
ֱ͵ط֣ڵصľ룬һͷī磬Źװ˫콻棬ɲǣҲףܲʶǸ롣
ԴŲҵĿ˳ŽŲȥȴϢţһɾµȻ˶С
·һߡ
ҹĹâ֣ⱡ֮ϣ˼ҫ۵Ĺâ
ֻߵһģһȴŹװ֮ϡ
ûеӣûнӵ˼վǰ
ʬ壬Ը𣿡
ʱҲŻȻԭھǰһģһˣȻǾʬףһ벻ףʬѾû˻ǣΪʲôܴӹײ;뽻̸ôã
ңϴ׵ʱҿǹײʬ壬ɫ࣬ʬûʲô
ʬҡҡͷ;볤һģһȴûƣԾ˵
Ҳǲܡ
ͷ˵֪˾䡣
ԣ
ʬƺЩţµĳŲŲԾ˵˾䡣
ʬ廹㣬֪ģǿԶѡһ
һšһĿʬ֮ϣޱ飬˸²͸롣
һ룬ʬ忪ڣԾ˾䡣
Ҳָ˲ټ䣬ʲôʱûʬ壬Լ֪ݣòûʬͲҪʬﱻӡļ䣬ֻܶѡһ
ĻŸ䣬ȻǺǵЦ̺һĨɱ⣬ŵʬĸˣЩɷ׵Ľʬ˿̾˼Ƶġ
ûҵĶҪҶѡһ
൱Ե˸ûзĵԼʬ屻ŵĶ˵ڵϴϢҼˣֱԼϹ˹ۡ
ȻĶȥ͵ؽԼʬŤ˹
ϴΣǻûҴ𣿡
ʱҲ͵ϴξʧôȥʬ壬ʬһܣŪĻˡ
ɴӾ⻰Уȴܿʬ岻˶ܰԼŪĻˣʬ廹һΡ
ɵãɫЩףʱҲͦݵģŰԼʬ嶼Űôҡ
ĻŸ˵꣬ʬ͵ҡͷһȵģֱƾҪ档
ƾǸӵģᣬʬģȴ
ȻվһԵƾһ졣
Ͽ̲ˡ
󣬻Ϣһ٣ǿһۣŽĿתһԵƾ˵ͷݺݵֽԼʬ峯űɴһֻ˺˺ԭȴıɴȻȫȫ˾Ǿʬϡ
һǰΧֻĽŲһʬĲӣ
ѾռҵʬôãûԼҪţ


098 仹
ĻŸ䣬ұ㲻˼̧ͷѹ־ʬ˵ܶȻ˸ʬ棿
ʬȻǷǳ¾룬Υ˵ĻֺʲôԼһֱ֮
ĶǾʬܾãõʬ度µˣ֣ԼƷʬͷ֮ϣ
ʬҿʱҪͼ䣬ȸңǿã㣬ҷ𡣡
£һˣԵĸܵʬŵ꣬Ĳĺ¡
ж຦¡Ǿ붼вЩᱻɱǿź²ϵҡͷ
ҡͷ˲䣬ЦˣЦݹɲǣ͵رһˣΧһж˸顭
ɫ¥˲һʣµģİ򡣺ͲĴ̵¯֮⣬ֻʣм䣬ĩλǸײˣɹײĵĹײİӣͲ֪Ƶ
͸ʬ˶һۣһ͵ؾҪȴæ˾һ䡣
㻹ǵûǰǾ𣿡
ֻ˲䣬ŵȫ˻ȥΪֱһǣüű˱۾ȻЭĻһ䡣
ֻܶѡһ𣿡
ˡšһСž룬ȴʱͷһۣһرõЦݡ
Ц˲䣬Դƾϸܳһϲá
ɵƣΪǶЦذɣ
ϲãȴҲ˲ҴǣЦǾ޳ޱȵŴϼرעҾˣôʱң
һɲ˼ͷҵļð͵صɴ˫ۣͳĶһ󼦵ˡ
òǣϳҰɣ
ֱջĿ⣬˵֡

ŴԼ˼Ťת˻
ѡ󣬱Ͼʱ򣬵õָǰеһУǸ׼˵Ҫ
ֱܾ֮Һ;۹⣬ΪʲôʱѡǼ䣬شҵġ
˵䣬ǹȥˡڣ뱣ˡ
ңվһԵƾɫݺһ㶣ʬǸˣֱӿʾ롣
ҪҪڿǿǣ
ܹϵҡͷ˵á
ʬˣ̾Ϣһȴ̾Ϣɲǣ¥Ĵȫ
ڵЩͻȻһûӦµĻ˶ƾһסңұ¡
ʱҲŴƾϣԭǸƾ˵ıƸ
Сƾ
Ϊʲô벻ѡ䣿
ƾҡͷ˵Ҳ֪벻
ҸƾΪʲô벻ʱΧѾվм䣬ѾûǰǾʬ壬Ǿ߹ײĵĹײİӶ֪˭˻ȥ
ǰԽҵԣƾ˵˾䡣
߰ɡ
ƾͷȴһ룬ԾСĵ˾֡
ոԣˣܻᱩ¶
һ͵ͣ½Ųͷƾô˵
ƾϵľø˾뿴Ծ˵˾䡣
ʲôʱҵͬʱҲ㵽ᱩ¶ݣұ¶Ƿ֣ƽ⡣
˵Щ˶٣˻ȥ˾䡣
֮ǰʱǷпܻԳൺλʱҲǷҲкܴܻ֡
󣬷Ӧ󣬿ҵȴըˣ
ԭຣŪôǱ̽׷ɱƾ
˵õģҵ˰ҵأ
ǧһųȥҪһųȥҺֹðɱһҪϴˮֱϣ
£ԣô
һûסҵŭ˲ӣ뵹ЦЦĿһû̫ʾƾǱŭŵĻһͷҾ䡣
ôˣ
û˵ֻǺǺһЦȴЦĸˣǲʲô˵Ҫʲôǧǵ˵
ҡšһĵװƾʮ˴ȫһ飬һġšʱɫһףҵĿɷƵģֱӵ˾ԣȻһ䣡
򣡾ң
ʱ˹ȴҲ𾪲ѣѹƾԾôһ㣬ɽʲô˼
һ룬Ʋƾֱϵ֣˵˾䡣
ڲˡ
䣬ȴƾɫһ뵽ʲôż˸е¥ȥˣ
¥ʱߵķСģصػͷһ¥˿̵¥һƬžܵİҲڲ֪ʲôʱԶϨˡ
ĹҲǱٵĲΡ
ߵ¥¥ݵһ룬ұ͵ŵһɶĵĲڶĵʬһûע⣬ζֱţҶĵθֱ˳
۾ƾˣ̥ƵԹԵĳǰߣûζӰ졣
¥ڵֲָûκιҽֵֻͲ򿪣ŶĺһļƤ񣬸մҸŵĵطȥȴ͵ط֣ЩʬʬȫضǣĵС
ɵãҽĿת˾ƾ˵ĽϣȴôĵĵϣȻѵˮɾŵװ׵ҶûС
ߵһ룬һ¥¥ݴȻͷһۣĿת˶¥ЩʬϣĹĨЦݣֱתҵķ˹ɲǣԼУһ֡

ɵҪϸһĿʱȴֻ˾ޱӡ
ƾվڶ¥¥ݴһǾ뱧߹ģŵﶼһˣֱҷ
ĵĵ˾䡣
̣⸽ˡ


099 ң
һƾ⻰˺Ȼʼɾȴֻǵġšһǳһ¥ȥԽһ¥վǰ׸ߵĺľǰȺľǽʱԶϣ˿վľǰѹֵĸо
뽫֣ķںľ֮ϣһľŸ˿ľűƿ˲䣬һɹǰ߹ĹҲӳ
ûżߣһ˸ӣľǰһͼհͼɲǣƾżֹĵʾ롣
⻭ͼ᲻̫Եĸ̣Щ󷨶㲼ģ
̧ۡǹһĨаЦӷѣƾ˵˾䡣
̲²ϵġ
䣬ֲ˾䡣
µΣ
仰˵൱ɲǣѾ̧ŴǳźڰȥΪҺƾĵطȥȴ־һֱĹתȦ
ǰƾѾ˵ķǳˣҺпܻᱩ¶ԳǶпܻ֣ɾƵģҺƾȥֱƾҲ̲סֱʾ롣
ôȥ
ʱ򡣾Ѿ߹ĹÿڴһͼƾЦЦ۵Ƶζ൱ԡ
˰·ˣ׽ܷ˼ҵ⣿
ƾĨƵɫŵͷƤһ飬ƺƾ˽Ĳˡ
ɵҲܿĳ벻ϵĹڴĹֱԹֻΪĹĹڻЩͼڲҵϢ
һ롣Ȼͣ˽ŲüͷǰʱҲŷ֣ǵǰѾû·еһˮأˮ滹㣬£ȴס
ΧˮˮƮɢڿУĴ˿ˮĵطѾĹѨһܶͷϻһǸľ뻹ЩԶġ
ƾĴ˿ʾ롣
ˮ·ȥ𣿡
Цҡͷ۵׵ɫ˸˼ǻƾһ䡣
ôˮףǾǴŰɡ
£ˣΧĳȫˣֻʣһˮ·ܳȥǵ˶ˮ£ȥ
룬ȴûȥ˼
ˮµˣֻܼˡ
ɾǸܶȥɲǣһʬ˲˱ǶͷҵĽ˲һգǱʲôݺݵİһֱӱקˮס
ȫ̲ӣٶȿˮǰһɲǣ͵ؿֱӳ˹
ǵˮ£ΧһƬڣֲָʮֻֿţرұˮǺĸ޷˵ˡ
һڿˮϵıӣҲϵˮѰһ֧ŵ㣬˻ˣĻˣûⳡرҵĻʧصɽ²ҵǶĸˣһֱקңҲ֪㽫ק
ģһĹ⣬ֽŲϵķҲûʶŴ죬Ҫ룬ȴˮĸˣϵˮҵĿǻ鲼ҵĻӿҪ룬Ĭ룬ĺ룬ܹ־ҡ
Ҳ֪ǣµǸ󷨣Ҳб׵ģһ棬ѰҵĻᣬһ棬ҲþӦҵĴڡ
˵Һ˺û֪
һɱϢ˲䲼ҵĻֻо˶˺ڰԺſգľһʬ壬ŽҵĶ
ҵʶʲôʱʧԼ֪ˡ
Ҳ֪˶ãɲǣ͵ظоʲôҪƵģ۵˲䣬һˮֱӴҵĺ³ϵԭؿԡ
˺þãζ㱻˳ֹͣ˿ԣ뿴ܣȴ͵رǼɢʬζѬһͿȡ
ݺݵԼؿڣŽ˳˻ɻĸ޷ڵϣӲϵתӴԽԼĵ׾Խ¡
⵽ףǱʲôʲôط
ΧһȻһľͻ䣬һ仨˸ߣСģҲӤô󡭡
ֵǣЩĻ겻䶯˵θʲôһ죬ǳĶġ
һɹʬǴЩϴġ
ɢһѶѰɫĹͷ˵ģжģߵǶѣܵϥ֮ϣǶѻ˲ͷ
ʱҲŷҵԣȻ߰˾ʬ壡
ҪģҶ⼸ʬ廹൱İ
м߻ɫӹָǵӣǻ˻Ҷϵã
ⲻ̵Ľ
ʣµļʬ壬һ㣬Ҳͬ⣬ҵǿôģȴ⧲ıһ
ȻͲµԳҲˣɿӣҲ̫ùԣǱˮµˣ᲻
ֻߣҲǡǱˮ£Ȼ˸ţ˴һܣ
Ժ˼ڿתһŮӣôʬԱߣҲûж຦£ϾѾǵһμʬˡ
ôġСȴϵĴð
رÿЩ䴫ǰŵĻһļƤ⵽ʲôôȥôаţ
ڵϹ۲ãֱһָ˲϶ЩûʲôҪɾɲǣҶԺȻһáִ˼ʲôӸ߳졣
ҽӲŲӣմͷȴǰһĻֱԭأ
Ƕ仨Ȼ³һ߰׹ǣ
ⶼ̻꣬лӿ³һ߾߰׹ǣЩ׹ϣմûȫ١


100 
һ¶Ѩĳ棬ΧˮܵһƬʪŵʬصİ׹Ǻʳ˻ԺкȻһ֡
ʬħ󡣡
ֻаҲд⻨ײޱȣҰģҲġ
Ұģ޷ʳʬħӣȵһʱգʬħ﷢ѿĴƼ⻹ǻ˵壬Ҫ˵ʬ廰ֲʬħ
ʬħ󣬳Եĵһʳʬ塣
ҰʬħԶײУʬħǽһˣնȥ֫һ飬ʬħӸι£ιµͬʱڽнʮѪֱʬħƼ
Ҫǣʬħ󲻵ǿĸܳס൱ı̬ǳʪˮ£ǿݽߵɳĮֻҪĵطԴȥ
ʬħĸľҲһףһԿ϶ڵضֵǮǸ̫ܶԶ
ɼҲԼûܵĿܡ
ǰһ̳ءӦÿͨǰΧȴʬħĸȻǵĸȫڵصףż¶Ǽϸ٣һڸңжΣա
󷽲ʬħ˵Ҳмʮ꣬˭Ҳ֪ͻȺʬħ󣬻ʲô硣
а˵ʬħϲԻʳһ㱻Ļʳ󱻳ԣΧôʬҵšҵû΢һĶԲߡ
ǰı̳Ҳߣ󷽵ĻҲȥҲԸԭãһϸܣȷֻһˣûб˼ӣŽаӶƤ˳
аɲǣҶʱһаҲ֪ʲôģˮôãһҲûС
Ұаʬħȫһ飬ܵ൱ϸӡû̫磬ɶԸİ취ȴֻдĸ֡
ֻȡ
ʬħ󲻹ܵĸĻ궼͵޼᲻ݣõûգһκκۼ÷Ҳûκãܻף
ҲǺǺǲѣƷףǾߣǻࡣ
̾һѷͼпڴİ嶼ȡ˳ûˣҪʱ򻹿ԷҸմ㽫˻վˣȴ͵Χһɶҽµʼɶŵһƨ˻ȥ
ȥɲǣΧĶ˲ͣ
ʱҵǱ˹ˬҪɶģһȺԳȣȲ˿Դ򣬴˻취ܣƻĸѾУҹƲûܸקȥ
ͷݺݵüհĿת⼸ʬ壬ȴ͵ؿԼϵöѪ꣬ѪŮѪŮŴѪгֵ֣˲䣬Ҳһ
ӲȥѪŮңҲһԡ
ѪŮֵ˲䣬ۡһܻ˸飬ҡ
ô
˵⻰ʱѪŮ۾ûתɻ˵һ룬ѪŮĿתϵɲǣ˼ĵɴ˫ۣϵָҵ仰˵
ҾȵĿմԴǲǷհɵˣȴһ룬˵˾䡣

һ⻰ĵ׶ʱ⡱һ͵ؽĶ£˫Լգ˼Σҵŵ۾ĻҪ
ҲŵĴӿڴͳǼٿɽկҪͷԼϵı仯ȴɽկûŵãȻһǮһֻͱˮݵĿ˻ˣĻϣȴҵٸ˳
һԼ㱬˴ֿڣʦŴϼǱ־ԵĴأĨԭأ
ôôҩЧͻû˵õĿάһأ
ڣŵĻɫɷף˼תһɲǣ͵ؾԼıȴ֣ıȻˣ
Ҳҵָˣʹţҵڱڣ˭ҵķλܱʱȣȴǴ粽ˡ
ͼа飬ûڰ
ǼɫѿҪѪŮҵôˣָòǺ°
εĶЦЦע⵽ҵı
ҡͷ˵֪ҪΣյĵطһֱѪϣ԰ﵽҡ
̾һǲ֮ǰƾԤԣ˵Һпܱ¶ݣҲʦԤԣ˵ټ룬һ
Ҳʱ֪ټһ˼ٴμ룬ٴݣ룬һ
ֻˮˣϵʦһʱҲû˸ҳ⣬һԶ϶ԳǶѾĹѨ֮ڣ벼µҲ׻ᱻƽ⡣
˵ǵȥѣûлء
һ룬ı˫ۣ˺ݺݵɻ˵ذϣѪŮҵôˣ
ҡҡͷ˵û£һ˾
ѪŮ򴽣û˵ڵ˺ܾãԽˣҵԽϰķƤͣ
ݺݵԼ⻬ҴӵѪŮȥǱ̳￴ҵıûˮΧȴ͵شһɧŵȽһѪŮˣѪŮȴʱһ
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101 Ǳ
䣬ѪŮһͷһۣͬʱʬħѾɨǵǰɽֻɨǵǰͣǰǼʬ֮ϣ͵һϵǼʬȫ
ʱ򣬵ؿǺȻ͵ط𶯣Ҿķ֣ǻоȻεضһ޴ʬħʬħ󲻵ˣʺĳ࣬Ҳ൱Ѫ±˲֪ʳƵģʺĻ겻ѪϻԵʬߡ
һɶ˲˱ǣѬθҪĹôûκζθֻˮȻ³
ĵĸоֱ⼸߱ɫʬħǰǻڵѪĻɲǣҶĵֱһˮ
ֱʬħ󣬽⼸ʬȫ˽ȥ֮ͣΧΧڲϼ٣޴ʬħҲʱ˵صףҺѪŮһ
໥һۣѪŮȥ̳ҵıѪŮȴҡͷɫɷ׵ָָǰȺʬħ
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ȥһ룬ǻõ㣬ҪǵһֱӱػĹϼ̳ˡ
Ŀһǰ̳رЩɢľҲ߶ʮһֱѪŮùԼ⻨ް޿
Ȼ޷ȷŴϼǲǱ¶ˣҪû¶һҩ裬һǿԼαװڴƤӵµġ
·װͺЩ󡣴Ե÷ǳɵƣرô䣬·ʪģҲŴͺݺݵĴ˼硣
ԴУаַ˸飬ȴûҵƽİ취ҽĿͣŶݼ֮ϡ
ȻҲȷôӵĹܲŵڣȴҲرƵԭ
ɵãѪŮ˸֦ڵݳ˸֧˸һ֣һֵľŹ񣬽̣̣Źţǣȫȥ
ƣԼݳһֵٶȿĳ棬ֱˮɵҰݳ֮ǷľŹȻɵۡ
ѧϰŶݼ׵ʱ䲻ôľһͷؼ֮£Ĵ𰸾ȻǾΪȣ̫ĹΪա
Ϊ˼ǣҪҪ辶Ǹܵģټ̫ҲԶϳᷢʲô顣
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Ϊվҵȣԭصʵпձʵܾҵ˳֣ʵ֮Ȼܳȥ
κһضˣ۽ҡȡضǺһôǡȡҵˡ
ҵ˰׻˼ǸңǳпѪ֮ŶҪСĵŶ
ֱһŲ˵ϸľֲ֣˸ϡò˵ݺһĭ
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ֱԴŲϵŽͷһȴ͵ؿǱӰ
ֵɲǣҲǾҵ󷨱˸ˣһҵҵҲҵԤ֮С
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ŵ˵Ҳʮʮˣ徻Ҳǡɵļ֮ڡ
ҵɲǣֻûֱӿ޳ˣ̾һͷ𼤶
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̵ɱЦĸӲˣΧϯϵɲǣ뷨ûֱӶ
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С壬Һ°
ʱصѧҪŮһżֽεΣ䣬ĵԼƤȫð
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ĵĻһۣűԽԽֻû̽ʬħңȴֲòǰȣһնϾһ߳նٶȴ൱Ŀ죬̤ûɲǣµһСġ˸ʺ
ҼһûסꡱһЦΧŵԵø롣
ȴͨˣֱӱҵϾڿ˶ң


102 ӻѽ
ϵԽԽֻоԼһЩѣʬħƵģҵڰվͲ¸
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Ҳ֪ʬħѲ̶ȣһӹһ߿ٵĴӵһѲɾǸζ࣬͵̤˫з˲
׹ң٣쵹ס籼ƣͽǧ켱٣ûͣ
˲䣬Χ籩꣬ض֮ڣҶͷϷɲǼ䣬ضĶ˾ͱһ׸еָ˲ҵ֮ϡ
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ò˵Ϊ˾ҡҲƴġ
ϵڽӴ׵һɲǣ͵ػƬ׼ȵ˵ϣˡ
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˵Ҳףôѵģ
رǣղף˲ʬħҶܴЩʬӿĹУصŭ
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СͣڲħԳǺ;Ҫҹˣ
Ȼһ˲䣬һֱӷ˳˰֮УĽ˸Ųۡ
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ǿеҡҡͷһ뾹Ȼ͵ԼؿںݺһģɳȥԶһѪ徻Ӻķ˾䡣
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ص׵˲䣬Ķ˵
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˲䣬ҽϵˮɣݺݵ˼մˮϰȴ͵ط֣Լǰһ˫ƤЬ
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Һµ˲ɿ˿֣͵ؾ볯ˮȥȴԳһѴˮֱӶһԵĵϡ
һҵĺŵرˤۣԳȴߵҵǰһֹҵ°͡
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103 һ
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Һ͹ԳǵĿͬʱתһԵˮأһ룬ޱȵֱӴˮ
Ǳһ̵̱ˮءҲΪĵȾ˺ɫɴ˿ɼжǿԼ
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ҧгݵɲǣЩҲ̴ˮȫվɫҰ׵ı徻ӷһԣ徻ӿҵĿֱ̻ܰˣ
Գ´ۣȻꡱһЦ˳Ƶд˵˼֡
ˣǱǻá
ŨŨĳԴˬҶߣôҲоЩ泩رǿԳǺ˿ҪӣˬֱӴӵذЩԼĴ
ԳǳѾһˣֻر棬ôжң
ң֮ǰĹԳǿǶҳ˵⣬Դ֪Ǳ֮󣬶ҵ̬ת˲٣ɳȢҡȢҡ
Ҫǿһ˲ţģһΪʮ굥Ȣϱżŵġ
һԳôңԼһֲҺ͹ԳӲӲģĵ׻ˬС
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Ȼ֪õģΧҲģİһŹײĺƷܵøԼ·ʱˣ
ҵĿ⣬ȴڳ̽ͣΪڳ۽󣬻վһϤɱף
壡
ѪŮڲ⣬Ȼֱǰõˣ
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ҸĬ룬ȴ͵ػһۣǱƵģ۵һëȫӦأۺݺݵҧֻûڵϴˡ
Ǳۣһܸܳҵص˲䣬˵ĿȫҵϣгЦģеóѵģйػģаˬġ
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ݼ䲻͸Ѫζҵ촽ԼҧˣĶΪյֱָ̫Ӱ˽ȥ
Һۣĺ룬ȴ۵һ˲䣬ԼҲƲԼ塣
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ϵˣģҵģ˵Գһ䡣
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ԼЩ治٣Ȼһ룬ԳǱɿ֣ɺĿˡҡһۡ
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׷ˣΪǲǰ׼𣿡
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104 һ
˲䣬еͼһĨ貵Ľ⣬͵عҵڣһ³ӯ
ֻ˲䣬ҵڱϵŮֱӵҵڡ
ɲǡĻȴ˳˾Ļ
ī㲻ҵıǼ⣬ȴĪĸоԼؿһۣʲôֱӲҵࡣ
ҵɴ˫۽ͷ£ȴ͵ؿԼؿ֮ϲһذס
ذײĺᴩҵ࣬˿ڴµѪʪҵţҲ˾ϡ
ذףǷҼעĬʱŮӲϵģ
ԸңҲҪҲܣ
۵˲һ˿ɱĿ׼ؿڵɲǣۡ
£ͦס
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۵İԼ촽ҧˣһѪҺֱӴҵǴ£ĸˣҸ˵ЩʲôȴԼ˵ûСº˺ѷεʹ
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Ҫ˵֮ǰɱɱʮˣȴԶԶ룡
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ڰֻоԼһյĿռ䣬ΧһƬѹֵĲУںڰӣʵ̫ˡӣǴڣײԼˡ
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ŮӴһѩ׵ĳۣһͷī磬ĳ
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ΧһƬڣǽڣǽڣҸûܵĵطҺµĻȴ͵𣬸ղǾǣĬ֣þңȴĬֵɲǣ͵ظоԼŮŵϷʹҸյͷŹԼֱۣȴ͵ط֣Լһֱ۾Ȼ桭
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105 ս
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˲䣬ұ̧Լֿǲǲ棬ֵ̧һɲǣ۵Ļ񱻿һûֵ̧
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ĽҴӲϷ𣬸ҡһ˰£ȴֲֻһ֮͹Գǣ˵׷ʲô
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ߵһԵ˱ˮҵǰұżڡȺȵˮʱŷ֣Լɵֶ²
뵹ҵˮ˼ڣʾ룬;˺üۣҴпĳ硣ּź£ŭ⡣мҿ
󣬻Цһżֽٺϲʾ롣
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ֱұĻЩˣȻɿңҵĶͷһǡ
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һ⻰˲һôоӾĻУһĨԼͱ˲𴩵ɫ
Ժ˲佫ǰھĹ﷢󡭡
һ룬͵ؿһۣȴûпǲ֪Ŵϼң
ΪĴ𰸣Ѿҵĵףȥʣ֪ңȴûв𴩣϶ĵ
뺦ֻһߴŵεֻ֮Ÿңһ֮Ĳǻþξ
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ʱʬħ󻨴Уֳڻң̿ŶһǷֵ˵ģô벻
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󣬶ʱЩļһŮˣѾǳĻˣټǶĵĲе棬ʲôúµģ
ܺһЩ溦µ
˱ۣ˼һ飬ʾ롣
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ͷֽһ䡣
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ھ£˿ϵĺܿ죬ؿһ̴˰̣ΪĴڶɢ
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ٿأ͵סҵĺԣӵסң˸ұ̵ŵĲᣬһȴǵЦ⡣

ҸջָǣҪһƿݺݵĵɻȥȴ͵һۣȴ͵شӾпĨŨŨռ
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ɫһڣȴҵĶԡЦ§Уȴһҡ
ҵļ俪ʼָˡ
˵⻰ʱ򣬾ɫ˲һ䣬ʮ档


107 μ
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ϢȻһ䣬˵ûʲôֻǻָһЩ̫õļ䣬Щʧȥҡ
׻ָʲô䣬ȴң۵׵ĺ£ȴģɵðŵɫЩס
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ұһʱɧѡڴϣȥ˯ţƤԼʲôʱ˯ŵĶ֪
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ССıСС죬촽ģ΢䣬ŵЦ⡣ϸףֱһ˿һ˼̻ζ
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ϣҪԼվǧǰԻŵƨܶĻôǱߵ٣
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ΪʲôţͷͼֿɲǣĨʺӰȴҵǰ
ҿѪŮϤӣʱ˫һ𣬶ͺ

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ŶһŽ򿪣ҿϤҩƿӵɲǣȴ͵һۡ
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һһ䣬ʲôʱ䲻ˣȴֱӽҿȥæԼ飬ñŴϼͱŴϼѧŶݼףȥͼİؾȥҪ裬ûԱߣͼڱ˼Ҳ߰ɡ
ʦĶȫɾҺݺһҧֽֽд˼֡
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ҩ˲䣬ԵĸܳԼϵı仯ҲٵΧ˴Ŵϼ·ϡ
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ָŴϼݵЩ죬ӹ쳣˳ѪŮҲָ˴룬ٿӣЩҲûţÿȥƾѧŶݼ֮࣬ѧĻһֺ÷
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ƾû˵ֻǽǰ輸ϵĲ˿һڲ輸ϴ衣ݲ裬ֱһݳɫζˣͣĶ赹豭ҵǰµ˲䣬˵˾䡣
ҽ㣬һģһ
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ʱһԵʱûע⵽ƾݴҽԺھסô죬ƾڵǰ£ҲûжӦ
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ĽȴҼһ˯ţڶ춥һèۼ°Ǳ߳һϴ뼫ΪԳƵĴ󶻶𴲣ԼĵһƤð
ǲμᣬȻǡĴ硱һޱܰ˹ȥĳۣµĸ߶ȡ
վСſڣƾȥ̵;Уֵ˿ңǸ񾭲洩һڲĳۣ滹һôĴް¸ǲһ˫ʺޱȣС仨ĴЬ
ҶĿ⣬ȴӸףϾҴɲΪ˶Լġ
ԴӴƾǵ֪ǹԳƵģҾơ
ƾǮң󻹸˼źһĺӣƾҰŵӡ
Щ˵ײİƾʱʱҰѺӴ䲻ĳ˳ǡ
ЩͱƾѵĲɫգ۵Ĺһȫ̱
ʻĺܿ죬һǰͣͣµ˲䣬һǱ׵ĲУǰĿĵǸ˵Ա߻иճԱ߻иרع͵ĳӣҴ򿪳ŵһ˲䣬㱻Ѭֱ˳
ﲻ̵ζζζʲô˵ĸζɢĵǡ
վˣѼֲ֣ǰںĴҳǰķȥ
򿪷ŵһ˲䣬ұΪӳĻصȴϵĿտԴӽ˹֮󣬶ĵζУﻹɢŵĻ㡣
ǿ¶ɻһԵӺҽ˾䡣
Գн񱣬ﾭˮҲһ˿ҳ
⻰ٴλ˹Գ°ֵֽ֮ĳ棬ĵһƤð
Ҳע⵽ˣŮȻ̵µԺ֮ףȴûѹԳǵ£ƾǽƾˣйԳֱˡ
ҪߵʱصºȻ˳תڹλóһͨһ¥ݡ
Ҹմǰߣȴ͵O@ĽŲ


110 
ûüתȴ͵崫
ŮĿ硣
Ӵιһĵ׶ʱǽһģءȴֱײǹϡ
Ůж໤̣ҿˡ
һ룬߱㴫Ǿ춯ص˻
ҴĻͷһȴպü岻Լڵϳ鴤Ļ棬һûסꡱһֱЦ˳
ԵȺȫ˻ȥϾԼ屻ĪĹˣ˰æϣҲ䲻ȥ
Щ̣ŮˣһѵأʲôɫĸʬƵģûаֲտĹڲϻһ˵Цݡ
Ц棬ԼЦˣŶݺݵĿһۣŽĿתϵ˲䣬ȴ͵ر˳Ծɴ˫ָۣ˵˺ü㣬ȴӲûһ仰
ҴҡڵĶԼǴްߵǰɲߵǰ˲䣬ԵȺ˱һ˵ŮˣȻҲûʾǰε˲䣬ﵯһöǮֱӽĵ롣
£ҵǰŵĿɲ°ٱԼϢֱǻѵһ
ңʲôң
ҿڵ˲䣬վԵȺϢһţ㱻Ů˸ѹûƢ
ѹƾŮԳưԡԺ֮ףһôĺаԵ
һ룬۵׵˲˷ŭʹӵվֱҧгݵĿڵ
Ŵϼ㾹ȻŮйϵ
Ȼĵ˵ͷ˾䡣
Ȼأ
۶͸ôĺ˵֪˭𣿡
˵仰ʱֱӱЦԼϵĴް¶ŵǿŶϵö˸磬ҡͷĳ˾䡣
֪
û˳Ļ½ӣȻǱĲУرǸղҶŵʱ׵ɫϵķס
ʹüͷǰơġҾ䡣
治֪𣿡
һմ˵ڣ˵ڵ˲䣬ȴתһ£һݵ˵˸֣롣
һģϵĵ˲˼֣ⲻ֪ݵˣϷ
ҿԺԺʹŴϼҰѽ۴ҲֻܾһˣҪǹңһãܲһ
˵⻰ʱ˫ǿ׼ֱҪ̵ϣһۿ˵͵ģֱ˶ĵС
ĻŸ䣬Ůȴֱŭˣж˲䣬һʹ˸ɫǱ嶯
ôʹɫĶȴ飡
һʱ䣬ϵĵˡ
Ҽ״ȴֱֿ˻ôõĴᣬôܴأ
ҵɫ˲һ䣬һЦСĴյһߣʮֹĶ
ԺԺʹˣдܳ˴СĲеһʺݣһСļƽϵġ
˵⻰ʱصؽԺԺʹ⼸֣ҧر
ľŮЩ϶˼Цݡ
乧άĻ˼ֱƶˣڳһ̬һͷıһĹҪߡ
ŵ˾䡣
˵Ů˹ңҵĽô㣿
ĻŸ䣬ұĵĶʱԶԼ򲻹˼ң˼˵ô㣿
ҵֺ£򴽣
áôô㡣
Ͱ͵ԵԽԽûһģһֻ֣һ壬С
飿
ɫ˲һڣšһұšæ˾䡣
ʮ飿
ۿֻƲҵϣҡšæͷ˾䡣
򣡡
ŷ֣ҡҡͷʿˮ˾䡣
ʮ򣿡
ȴʨӴ󿪿ڵ˵֡
򡣡
ɫ˲һףּۻۣȴɵͷ
áã򣬵ˣҸɲ
ͷֻ߰ͷĹƵģҡڵĴһȺˣм¥ȥ
ŵȺˣÿԽŮ˵ԣüݺݵײȥ
Ҽⳡϼ˼ȴǸŨˡ
Ҹģڤң˭Ц󣬲Ӯң
ֱıӰʧҵǰŮиŮӸҴ󵨵һ䡣
ԺʹΪʲôҪ
ŮϵãѩҵһȥƾʱӴңҲΨһһƾ˵ϻˣԴʱҲֻҲҡ
ҿѩһۣ˸
ûϹõˣԶ֪Ȼˤжҡ
䣬ĸܵŮˣɫת䡣
һĨĨɣģǷ̵ɫ˲һ䣬תĹУżֳݡ
ȻŮԺԺʹһǿսûڴǰչ¶ʲô£ǵȻǰûϣ֮ԻỤң޷ΪάŮˡ
ԣ̵ᣬҳ֮࣬ȻҪᣬԼ
ȻһͷΣһǲм
Ⱥ˸ӵĿ⣬ֱӴ󲽳¥ȥϽ븺һ¥¥ݵһ˲䣬һϢֱҵĹ裬ʱҲŷ֣۵ĲܱΪʵˡ
һ¥ӳһڷΣЩϯûκολ


111 â¶
Ҽĵײɵ÷ּŮĵλߣȴô˴ѽ
һ뵽ƾԹԳ̬ȣȴȻˡ˸ҸŮѿ޷ǾǹԳĬ˭ң
ҵʱһֻɱѹƾ֮ǰһʱ򣬻Ůµľ£Ҫʲô۵ĸңֱӴҪȥҹԳǣ
裡
ƾͲµ÷κЩ˼ƽϣԵʱһ̣ԸʱȻֿ˰ɣ
ǽһһϴɫɫЦˣֲòһҲбܱⳡŵ
Щ˳Ŀ⣬ĵ׺ȻһĨЦ
ȻҶôˣҪǲ̽췭ظܶԵŴϼţô
һĴ¥ֱһ˫ȵĲ˸һ¥ɲǣΧЩȻȫ˵Ŀⶼתҵϡ
·޷ţŮȻһô
ɣǴŲмĿͶ䵽ҵϡЩĿȴһʮ֡ϤĿ⡣
˳Ŀ⿴˹ȥһȣĳ۽һĨΪЦݡ
ûǵλ𣿡
ҺȻڣϴżĨ棬ĿתһԵѩȴˣһ
ѩһۣ˵˾䡣
һʱƾ˶
˲䣬ըƵģ۷׷˵޷Ǿƾ˶û֡Ů˾Ȼô
˵ûƾ˶û֣Ů˾ȻôһʵûУȴֱͦ壬վ˵ǰ
վԭû˵ҲûŮжǾǸеıȫ۵ףֱ˵Ҳ޻˵Ŵġʡ˾䡣
û˸𣿡
䣬Ĵ˲󳰷Ц
ЦǵûǻЦҵЦŸǵЦȴȻͣһ񿴹һҡ
ƺ޷⣬ڳЦңǲвȻһЦԼ
һ룬ҽϵЦȫһ˪ӣһתѩһ䡣
Ҫûλãô죿
ѩкȻһ˿ɱ΢΢𣬴һ䡣
Ȼǣ
û䣬㴫ɧ
ҵĿȴɨЦЦĵ˾䡣
ǹۡ
һµ˲䣬ŮȫˣɾھŮжɲǣҵĶԴĦذ˴λµվһߡ
ȻӲ
ЦţŮһ˸£µɲǻʮַĿŴЩеţûվŵЦ˾䡣
Ҹѽ
ĸܵ˵Ŀת䣬ǰĲмģת˳Ծ
Ծ
Ҳһһ䣬սû𣬾ɵİѴŸ
ⲻǺٻҪлģ޷ƾ֮ǰµ
̽Ŀⲻңʱ̽ʱɡ
ĿȴûôˣҸղһĻŵҿһۣϵԼλϷÿɨĿϣܸԶɫ׵ģ
ܴ˵Ҳ¼ǧˣɾôСʱȴûмԳǵİëǮӰӡ
Щ磬ҶĶֱУҪǵù˼ϵ棬ҹֱſ˯һˡ
ԼĪֹһСʱޱȵĴŴŲڴĿһʱȫͶǰ
ɳģȴǹԳǣǳ̽ʦ޿յ
˵˾ʲôЩʣôҾõʮֱǸ֮Ļ˵һѣ˵棬ȴôҵȥȹԳ塰áһ㣬ٳִᡣ
⻰˵꣬Χ˵ûʲôӦǽĿһȫתҵķ
ʱѩȻҵĶ߶˵˾䡣
֮ǰԳƾңǵʱԺʹԴûдӦ
⻰ʱǷ˸ۡ
ôԵҪǲԳһɫǲǾŮûˣ̫۸ˣ
޿յ껰մת뿪ɲǣҴԭλվ䡣
ԳǲҪã˵ʱ䣬Ҵ˳ȥؽ֣ˣٻ
䣬Χ˷׷׵ɴ˫ۣ·޷ţѾ˴ôˣȻҵ˵涥ײԳǣֱԳǴ
޿յȻҲû뵽Ȼʱסֻ΢΢תͷһۣһ֡
֪
һ⻰ȻЦ۵ֽֱӽѩǻ޿յ˵˾䡣
Ȼ㶼֪Ҳֻܳȥ֣ʲôʱˬˣʲôʱ
仰˵꣬ԵĴ޿յɫпһĨŭ⣬ȴӲĽŭ£ݺݵ˵˾䡣
ŮûٲҲŸԺʹųųӣƾϺͿ𣬾Ȼ˸Ұ帾
Цˡ
ĳЦˡ
ȫΪ޿յƾϺͿ
ƾȥҲʮģȻƾϺͿ
ЦЦ¶ҲûˣŹǷӿڴͳöƾҵƺݺݵˤϡ
һ룬ɫ͵һ䣬̧ͷ޿յ
ѽԺʹⶫ𣿡
޿յ˼ĵң˵Щʲô˵Ŀȴ˳˹ȥ


112 ҳ
һӰӰ˳ûκװ͵׺ȴԵʮ㣬޷ӡ
ֵ˲䣬Χȫ
ĳ֣߽١˵ĿⶼעϣĿȴ͸ˣֱͶҵϣҴͷŴһ顣
ϳЦ滢õЦ֮ûκα飬Ŀͣϴŵް֮ϡ
ްܳĺܳΧһԵø룬ɱϾһһٶģôҲôеǣ
ްî˵˹ԳһĿ⣬ѧӣ´һ飬˾䡣
ӴõĿ졣
䣬Բϴжֻһͷ
治ƾȻƹԳǣ
ɹԳǣȴֱˣŴЦЦСĵ˸ǣôҽڸʼٿᣬֱӽԭء
ҵɫһû뵽Գǻҡ

˼
ڸȥ·ϣ˶Ⱥ˱ܶԶ֮ߵԭӵСǰףֻŮߡ
ԽŮȴԽǹվҶܴҵиܵһɴ۵ðľ塣
ڸҲŷ֡ڸһĽ̻Ի͵Ĵ֮һ̨̨ϰڷһһӣ֮⣬ȴûбλá
ڸɲǣѾԿվõһŵĽڡ
ʱѩҵĶԸСĽ̵Ĳ֡
ڸվˣһǹԳֱϽֹһǺ÷ˣһվŵ
ÿ˵Ҳϰˣҵ󡣰ңҲʮˣɽֻʮˣȴ˵档
һԡ͵˸СվţŸ̨ϵĹԳǣȴһЦңҵǽһͷƤ󱳷
ҪǵóųӣҹĶˣ
ֱ˶룬ԳŽĿջأʼ˵Ŀġ
׻˵úãʱô棬רעģҵǵһμɵø߿ۡ
ȴһ룬͵ؽеĻһת
Ҽǵãÿ̵ʱ򣬶뱳̹𣿡
һʱ·𸽺͵ԳǳǡϡЦЦ󿪿˾䡣
Ҫڮٽۣ˽Ķ㲻㷸˽̹棿
Ļ䣬˵ĿȫתҵϣҪĿԵգҹƶܱǵĿĻǶˡ
ұô˵Ŀɨ䣬˵ǶǼٵģϾҿͷšҪȴֱӴ˵ڲҪһСı¶ʲôùĻԼ
ǼûκηӦԳǺȻӸ̨һɱϢֱߵҵǰҴͷſһۡ
ô࣬𣿡
ҺĽ˳ԼĴް˸Ц˵
ȡ
ЦʱصذЦЦرѿټųĲеһ磬ֱ˿˵һۣͲڿڶۡ
Գȴ֣顱ĽҶͷϵĺˮȥ
㿴ȵĶðˡ
ұ赭дĶ˵ĻŵĲУϾ˼ҵĵϣЦ滢棬Ҳû̫ҧһ䡣
ͦģġ
仰˵ȴԼ˸ֻ˱ȵĳȴûбİɡ
ԳǸǡꡱһЦְҽϵĴް£ԸһԵȥҼҳߴһĽһϡ
󣬾Ȼһ¶ûеģֱ߻˸̨ϣ
ʱңĶһ
ԳǸòǳԴҩɣ
˵õҪΥ̹Ҫ֣һ·ˣ
ȻŪʲô˼Ҹһ̨ˣܲܲ鲻
ܵһԵķ佫·»һףӽһֵʮֽСڼĨʣһʱųЩȡ
ҺȻףôҾˡ
һ˵Ըı䡣
һ˵Ҳתڡ
һ˵ʣȴ޷ıġ
Щ϶޷ȷҵ˭ģԾŻٰ̽
һ۾ϣڴʱ˿̣ôԮʱĺ룬֪ҪûзһУ˻ᰲҺ;
Һֻδ
С߳ɲǣ͵شӵв׽һĨޡ
ǰޡ
˭뵽һɾĽܱҴڲͬʣ
ңҲ޷뵽
صҵ͵˲٣·ǵͷģߵԱߵһ·ǽԼĴڸнͣɲܸܵһɹĿڶҿ
Գڸ̨ã˵ȫЩ޹ؽҪĶ˵ôãȴû˵ϡ
ۿʱһһķţΪҪ˵һЩؼʱȴɢᣬôȥԷҪ죬ҿϤϤ
Ͼ
ҶˣҪǲʶˣ裬
˵仰Ŀ׼ңֱڸң仰˵ġ
ٰĳӣȴûҪʶң
ڲ൱ΣգҿûйһݣһƵ˵ѡ
οԳҲֺܸٸ֪Լˡ
һٿɢˣڲܴ˵ǵΪҺŮһ˱ŵһǳ׷֮ڡ
׷ʮ䣬ûκһʮѹ֮⣬װȴǾУʮָš
Ķʰһ飬մѩ飬ȴŵ


113 Գת
˶Ϊͷʱ򣬲Ŵţӳȴ޿յޱ
ҹ˵˾䡣
ŮԺʹˣһ͡
һ⻰ֻоԼ˹Ҫܾһ뵽ԳЩڰĻɲǣֱӽͷ˻ȥ
˼ңҪǲȥˣģһ治
޿յ˾ķſڣŴһɺŵĻ˱ǶΪŵĻ㣬һʱ˼Ǳʶľһ䡣
ʲôζ
ɳ̧ͷһ֡

󣬵˵ͷվԭЩн̫ߵԳǵԣɹԳȴʱվӡߵҵҡ
ʲô
ӺܸߣվǰһɽһֱӵסҵĿ⣬Ҹ̧ͷķ䣬ȴһųȥ
⻹ǵһαԳס˫֣ʱŵĻһüͷһ

Գȴ֡
Է
ֱһС̣߳Ҳ֪Ǵҳȥԡ
̵߳ɲǣŵĿʱоԼһ¹ԳԣҶûожѹ֡
ģЦЦҹ£Ե൱財
棬ˡ
һ벻ͨԴʱôôĻΪʲôԴ˿̵ҵʱȴֵ˴
ǣĵĴ˿л԰͡
һУӡеĹԳǻǸ룬ƫ̫Զ
ڽٷ֮ҶܿԳǵɵЦ
Ҳ̲סһ䡣
㵽Цʲô
ЦݶʱһȻĿתԶ֡
ûʲô
ɵӶܿĳǿ϶ʲô
ûżһ̣ŵ԰ɢ˺þúþãֱһ̵ɲǣתͷ˵˾䡣
ͦϲŰӡ
һ⻰ʱǷ˸İۡ
Գв
ʱ򣬺СñǣԵĲеģȻϲ
ȻҲɵԳϲŴϼ
Ȼһĵ˵˾䡣
ǰʶһˡ
˵仰Գǵɫ˲ЩƮ죬ȴûʱĿġ
ǰԳǽӴ֪̫죬ڱͱҵӣҪİҵѣǲǿֱ׳ͼİأ
յ飿
һʱ䰲ҺĬƵ˭Ҳûп˵ֱ߳԰˻ȥĳӣšôߡһ䡣
ϲŰӣҪɱˣ𣿡
䣬ɫʱʮ棬شһ֡
ᡣ
ɫ˲һһ룬ȴֵ˾䡣
ͦӣ㱻۸
һ⻰ֱӲŵĿһ۹Գǡ
޷񣬾ȻôѪ
һֱƲĹԳǣһһ֮󣬾ȻʼҪң
Ҳûɵܾĳ̶ȣԹԳЦЦּ˾䡣
Ҫɱˣ߰췭ظô죿
Գǻ֡
⡣
ص֮󣬹ԳǻرʿĽͻ˷䣬ҪŴϼݵ̬ȷ̫ΪǱԳǷˣ
һϣȴû׹Գǵڶһ𴲣׼׼ȥμᣬȴ֪Գ£ʱȡɻϤϤ
֪ΪʲôһϢԼǲǱ˿˵ĸоϾһĻЩ̫аˡ
ʲôôɻϤϤ
ⲻԽԽ֣֪ĿģڸᣬҶϺ˵Ļ
ҪǱ£̸췭ظȫɱԳǾ۾գ
·ŪЩ£ҴһԼڷ̫ȥڷһ磬Ҳ̲סˣ
˵ԼѪŮ˵Һôõѣ˺ҲðȥɱǶԹŮ
ԣǹԳǸڵĿӣҲˣ
հѪŮѪзųһ仰ʵıǡ
Ҳ𣿡
ҵ˵ͷ
Ҫ𣿡
˵ͷ˵룬ڡ
ΪȻܹӦλã
Ҫû´ĻڴŵģΪĵλˡ
˵ЩȴֱӻصѪ֮Уһ룬Ժ
ңȻ֪ΪʲôܸӦڣܸӦ壬Ҳ϶ܸӦ
пܣû⼸죬ʬ嶯ʲôֽš
󣬶ʱĲС
ˡ
Ҫǲ壬Ҳᱻţ
һʱȫʮ˴һ飬ֱҹѪŮŸңжˡ
֮ǰͷԸѩȥŪĹӣϾÿӶһŮֻʮˣҪǴŮӳȥǹĸˣҾŴϼ
Լȫװһ飬ĨһЩڻң¶һС鲹λҲȫĨϣȷԼںڰ֮У֮ںϣƾҵķԼԭȴͼЩȫϱųѪŮָķȥ
һĵĳķ£ѪŮʱʱĳĸй٣֪ѪŮҲ
ҹһƬǽϵĵƻΧĵ·ѹֵķΧеʮֹ졣
ںڰãۿžҪڵλãƤȴȻϵĿʼ˸ֱڵλãҲŷ֡


114 ߾
Ҳŷ֡
Χôеֵֹģ
ڵĵطҲһ֮ڡ
Ľ䣬еĵطʮָţеĵطʮִеĵطȴ൱Ѫȡ
ѪȵĲС
ܻܺ谵ûκεƹ⣬ɿѪΧȴŻҽŵǽһһεĿѪŮָķ򣬿ţۿѾĴ߽һԵСȴ͵ظоԼһʲôĶȥ
ûҽ̧𣬿Ѫȵζȴ˼֡
ҽӲͷ­˳ȥȴ͵ظоԼղģʬ壿
ұŵĲ˳ҧԼ°ͣϼ˼뿪Сȴ͵ؽһһײȴ֡
Լײһʬ塭
ײʬ˲䣬͵سɽȴһҪҵַʬ֮ϣˤذϡ
ϵճȴҶĲѡ
ΧһƬڣԿСĲֻ֣ѪŮȴ
ֻ
ֻĶʱͣһ룬սսվԭزǰʬȻթʬ
ѪŮȴңӦ·ǽϹʬ壬ЩʬȫʬȡȻû͡һթʬ
⣬Сĵ㣬ʬҪǶһͻթʬˡ
⻰Խ˵
ҵͷƤԽӷ飬Ҹոײʱ򣬺һСһȥ
ڣֲܿơ
ҸѪŮû취Ӧթʬʬ壬Ժȴ͵֡
Сģ
ұͻһʶľͳһŻƷȥ

ɲǣһʬӦأҸ˳ȥȴ͵ؽ˻
ǱҺĺá
ʬ壬С·ϲɵøСˡ
ȻܣɽµճճΧǲ½ĿͿĸζһڸңҵΧΧһ߾ߵȴɡʬ塣
֪·ж೤˺þãͣںڰȴûͷ
Σҵѧ˲١ƾҵĻƷһţֹļ磬ֻҲһţһڲСʲôֱӰϡ
һĨϸ΢ͶУʱҲŷ֣Լ߽һ⴦ôտǽϵ˵Ǽյ͵ƣյʡ
к˵ͷϴŵмԿӦûߴ·ϳˡ
ֵǣЩĺȴʮһ䵥ĶûһСһСӵڴߡ
ǰѩŪ·Ĺ˿̵ȻС˱ڣȴҲ൱ͻ
СĴ˿ȷûעң밵ʼ۲һ
ɻûҿʼ۲죬ѪŮȴң֣ȻӦλˣӦλúƮ죬ʱڶʱʲôһ
ұ仰ŵĲᣬôԽߣԽоԼǵ˻ӣ
ҷâ¶ǴΣ忴ǺµȻ˼٣ɺȴң
ȻȻȥɣѪŮѾùģôԵƣɵӶܿĳ
ҽûù˼
˵ˣŴϼ
ԳǲҰŪôҵ
ҪǲʲôôԵԳǵ仰ôԵ徫ĵƣ
ɵãұ˶ʱͦ
ѪŮ˵£ڣʲôµġ
ѪŮȴҾ䣬Ǻ³ʲô£Ǻ£ﲻ̵ĵ̣ĵ̣
ЦЦӦ¿Ŀ׼ǰʼϸϸĹ۲졣
ұͱڣԷ˭˭ǣټǽİĵƹһգԵøСĵĸһֻߣתתڣȴһ
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Ȼôɵ£ҲŽͺײϣ
߾ֻɲǣȴ˻һ˾䡣
ҼǵùǶϲ˸һôʮˣ
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Ǹˣ
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һңһҲһǻİɣ
һкӶȻڣȴҿǸĴ󺺣˵Щ˵ͷ
ʹˣȫˣû¼ȥ¼ء
߾һʱŶһ˾䡣
ղ˵ʬȵİӡһʬȱ˻ƷԭλӦ˴ˣȥ¼ɣȻǳӡ
λĴһɫʱһĶ߾˸񣬸մǰߡ
ҶʱһԼϹè𣿸պ˸±Сӣ
ɻû˳£߾ٴ
ȵȡ
˻ͷһۣȴ첽ǰ˳ʾƣҪһ¡
һ֣ʱŵһ亹ֻѩŪ˼·ôࣿʲôƣ
ҸţЩ±˹ҲûƣٴɻȥǻĴ󺺵ȴ
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Ļ䣬Ҷʱһ亹ԺвŶԲߣɶԼĵĺˣȴûһȻ
ѲҪŮԺʹƸ
ۿ߾ǰ˼˸飬Ҫ鵽ϵɲǣȴȻɧ


115 
ԭ߾Ů鵽ǰ˿˾Ȼγһѷذףգۼ͵߾ŮһսĲӣһֽذס˶𶯡
һʱΧڵϵһ
߾Ůҵ޴룬ϸĴʹɫԼЮ߾Ůĺһֱӽذ׵ļ˴߾ŮĲ䣬۵ɫ԰ҪУȴ˿ٵķס졣
ȻıʵЩ⣬ں˺߾ŮԳֵ⼸ʱĵĶ˵Ȼ˴ͷŶӹϣĪģЩϤ
ԼĪһңɾô߲ӹȴûг˵ӣԵñһҪС硣
Ȼбʮĸ·һӦ߾Ůһ߾Ůߵ˰
˵Ҳɣ˵λǡиĴ˲䳯ǰһҪȥ˶ΪҪ˵ʱԾȻð˼ӰֱӽĴ̵̵˲䣬ˡ
߾ŮһŵﲻϴѾǰڼĴʣµļ˶ǻû¼ˣͱŵ̱˵ϡ
Ҹѧǵӣ˵ϣǼ˵ӰǰҲֻСһԱֵֻǡΪʲô⼸ӰõơЮ߾Ůĺȴƶò
ݲҶ룬ʣµļѾ̱ǵĶܿ죬ǰѵƵģʣµļ˸ûм֮
ۿžҪߵҵǰ˵ע⣬ȴԼҲûƣҪǽȻҲù
ֻ˲䣬⼸ҪҵɲǣֱӽѪŮ˳ǰѶʮҵпתŷסǰ˵Ĺȴ͵𣬹ҵ˰
ң
ɲǣѪŮ˲񻯣һɹɷﱬһѽǰĺ˻ˣֱӳ嵽ҵǰҵȥһ
Ȼ֪ѪŮǰҵģѪŮ˿̵ӣֲҿţЩ󱳷
ѪŮֵ˲䣬Юֵ߾Ůʱɴ˫ۡ˫ָѪŮķﲻϷȻѾϳѪŮ
ѪŮǰûע⵽˿ֱӽѪŮעתϡ
һʱ䣬ѪŮϱɷŨϼ֣ϵ·ܽ߾Ů̻ˡ
Ҫɱ㣡
µ˲䣬ѪŮ毺õֱȥѪģֿġֱӳ߾Ůķ
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ܵļҲڴʱվһߣĪ̧ͷЮ߾Ůĺ˿ȥ
˭
ûз񶨣Ҳûп϶ȴż̽һ룬ٳ߾ŮĺȴֱӽԼͷϵñӸժ
һſɰͷɾĶ̷ֱӳҵС
Ҳ˼ĵɴ˫ֱС˾䡣
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˷ܵĵ˵ͷͬʱҺ޿ڻһ䡣
ô
һ룬ȴ뽩ԭء
Һ˭ﶼ⡣
ǲ˶ϵɵ㶣ʱȴٻ˸ôţƵŮһѷŷ
ҵУֱĻ޹ɱ˵ˣ˿ȴڶ̶ʱ֮ڣˣ׵ĽǼ޹ĺֱӸ
һʱЩΣҽͷϵñժ£޶һۣɽһۣȴӵЦֱӴ֮ǰĽ١
ΪģֻΪǰǸ޷Ըҵޡ
¹˺ܾãŸңΪʲôڵʱôε£Ըҡ
Ϊҵ
Һ˭ûʶԷΪʲôĬһ㣬ٴͬʱ˾䡣
һ𣿡
ҵ˵ͷ֮УѰ˼İȫС
ԼҲ֪Ϊʲô޼ĴΣȴ
߾Ůһǣ˽ʬһ飬ſѯ߾Ů
̽ģ
߾Ů챻ϣû˵ֻܲϵԭҡͷߴ֪
۵ŵ޹ȥ˭棬ȴһ䣬ӣҡ°ͶҪˡ
һԵѪŮͻָµŵòһվΧĹ֣Ե÷ˣ߾Ůֱһ죬һأҸ޷ôģȻѡ
ֻ˵˶׵õģԶϧòĶֻЬǶѷܵɱ
һֱӴ߾Ůϣ˵˵׺ݣϻ¶˼Ʀ
Ҫ֪ǸʿŮåϵһ
߾Ů˲䱻۵ţҼ
޽ŵĶó˲䣬һ޵߾Ůﴫ϶⺰ž
һģʱЩģްѶȴûƵģһֻվԭأ߾ŮЦ
ǱΧһУϵЦΪˣվһԣЩûš
߾Ů޺˺þã˵Ķ˵ˣɿһ˵ҺޣȻµĲԭط
޼ˣһֻ߾Ů˼£
ôˣǺͦͦˬ𣿡
Ю߾ŮʱϢ⸽󷨣﷢κ飬涼а紵ݶ
߾Ůû˵͵ֻûпˡ
һ͵߾Ů°ͣǿӣݺݵ˾䡣
̽ģ
߾Ůݺҧû˵޵˫ȴ޲ˬһƣֱӴ߾Ůϡ
ԸȻǺá
ʱԸˣŶӣȰˬ
˵ģȴ̫ûһף˺þãʮ˴̶ҪˣûʳȻ
Խʣ߾ŮԽֳһԼǡ
޽ָĲӣ˱ֳֺ֮⣬û˶
ʱԽӲģ߾ŮԽ˵̽ڵأСƢһֱǰվһԡ
߾ŮͰЦЦ
ϵ𣿡
߾ŮͷͷɲǻӣѪŮķ˹ȥ
ɵҲܲµұɫЦӯӯĶܰ˾ˡ
ӣ߾Ůǰһ䡣
ѳ̽ڵظǣȥˣҲһɱ𣿡
û˵ֻǾңֲ˾䡣
ԣΪԼ𣿡
˵仰ʱйѪ䣬͵𾪣ú󣬲ſһ䡣
Ҫǰĸǣ᲻ɱ𣿡
Ƭ˼ûУֱӶһ
ᡣ
µ˲䣬߾Ů̽ľλú˵һ飬һʲôѪʬʱ
ѪŮʬǲҲǣ
µĵ˵ͷ˵ǡ
ҺȻЦˣ۵ֳŪ˾䡣
ҲǱ߰ɣ
Ȼʾ䣬еĿ϶ȴˡ
£߾ŮҲû˵һշްն֮仹мָġ
ֻ˵빷쳤ؾá
˲䣬ѪŮʹ˸ɫ
ʹɫɲǣһ˻˿ѪŮ˷Ƶֱӳ߾Ůķ
̫ѪȣҸҿ
߾ŮǰʵǾ䡣
㲻ǴӦɱ𣿡
ȴЦŻͷһ׼ȷĴ𸴡
ǰҲɱ㡣
ȴû˵ñ˲ɱ㡣
Ϊҵˣ㻹ܻŴ߳ȥ
ѪζſΧеϢѪŮȴʱỨصѪ֮С
ʮ¹꣬ʮ겻¡
ʮʮ
ȥʱⲻܹ˺ҲԶ̡


116 ׽
߾Ů״൱ңֻῴһۣͷƤ顣
ȴϧȲ˵ѪŮʲôܳΪĸԺʹԿµ꣬ж١
Һ޸մ߳ɲǣ͵ظоӺһһ룬ԴһЦ
Һ޶һͷ˲䣬˫˫һֱӽ߾ŮĻǶǽϡ
ò˵Сǿûãϻ
Ҳ֪ʲôʺˣѪŮɱʱڹɷʱ
޵ķ˵ģƾķ˵Цģŷݺݵϣ۵˵üͷϰɫԽԽ͸
߾ŮݺݵĿһۣﲻϺţƭңƭң
˻ȴҲֻ̥УЦŴӿڴ˿ŲֱӽսУ˲
Щʱȫ̺ûκνǽһ꣬ŽҵУЦ˵˾䡣
Ҿãõϡ
û˵ӹĵ׶˵һлл
Ȼ֪߾ŮеλãѪŮʬ廹У߾ŮꡣܹǶ˼ֳ롣
޵վˣҺһвˣİԵ൱ͻرÿ˾ǵߣصصĿǼۡ
޴ڴʬʱ˳ʬϵƶ˳ҺһʱҲݵˣҲʲôм飬ֻԽߣŵձԽŨˡ
ԲϴٵĽŲҪû´ĻΪҡġĴʬȵһ߸ոթʬʬûƷԭλʬȵȻǳҪĵطôҪĵط˸ˣȴٳûץ֣ղŲǲء
ΧΣѾȫԱ䱸״̬
ԼĪѪŮٴҵĶУż˵˾䡣
ܸӦľλˡ
һʱЩţ˵ȴȻ˾䡣
Сģ
ѪŮСĻصҶߵɲǣ͵һѽʱҲŷ֣߽һʮֹĴ
ղҵͷȴ̵űҪ޽ǲ롣
˲䣬һȴҲֱӵĴ
Χмͨ˿ȫŸ
ŴգҺȻֲõԤ롭
⣬ò׽ɣ
ѪŮҲңȻӦ⸽
Ҳʶ·Ҳ֪ǲǵ߾Ů˵ǳ̽ڵأޣȴҡꡱһ͵һѽµĵ֮ϡ
˵Ҳ֣Ȼ죬ζûУȴϰپޱȵĹײģײȫʽĻƷ˸󲻵ײ﾿ʲô
˿̵ޣȴſһײ֮ϡ
Χܺڣյ͵Ƹ޷Ҳ޷޴ǼӴ˿̶ɾʱ·һŲ
ŲŸ߸ЬʲôŲ졣
ű򿪵ǰһ룬̽˿֮С
壬ȥǲ˴ˡ
䣬˲䱻ʲôϵĹײһ߾߱ȥ
ҶʱŵĲᣬۿҺصĹײľҪ£͵ؽҳһףʱҲŷ֣ǵԱߣȻиȥĺڴӣһ߳һ͵ؽǰʮ߹ײĶڵء
ڵϵ˲䣬ǰ˲䱻ϨֻʣΧյյ͵
ΪҪֵ˲䣬澹ȻײİӱƷɵҵĴ
һŲֻ۳ȥȴֳ̽һͽ˴ǵһ߾޴ĺľ餣Χмʮ߰ڷĺڹײģȻǷŴӵµġ
ǰȴɢʮ߱򿪵Ŀչײġ
Щײģڱ˲䣬ȫһ߾ʬų̽ǵķ򹥻
ײʬ壬ȴͨʬ壬һ߾ûƤҵѪʬûƤڣһ߾ʺѪʬԵ൱ģƤұʲôʴƵģÿÿ˲䣬ܴһ鸯ѪҺ
Ҽ״ĵĻƤð
ȴŸȣĶһԲ˾ɼٵġ
Ҹô죬ȴ̽ǻɽ
˭װŪ
ɲǣΧϢͣ˼룬ȴ˻ӦѪʬĹѸ
̽ϵľֿʱʱ˦Ʒȫ޼£Ѫʬκ˺Ƶģ۳̽һȺôȴԽսԽ¡
ԽƼⳡԽѡ
Ӧûôһ죬ԼѪʬƵĽڽ˰ܰɣ
Ҳ֪֮ԱƵĽڽ˰ܣΪЩʬڽôҺж²֣ȴжƵĺ޻֮
ֱǶ챻Ƶϵɲǣ̽ıһ͵ؽľУ̤˫ѸӡĴӿѿڶ
̫Ͼ񷽡ϺŮ㲻顣ɽʯѣӡ¡ͷǣףǰл񣬺Խ¡ʦɱܺǿɱʬնԩ񲻷ʬҵ
ɾڳ̽˲䣬ЦŸʹ˸ɫһֱӳų̽ķһԾ¡


117 
Ҳ֪޴ʲôһ͵ؽֱ̽Ӽɢ̽һбԼɣֱӱɺüԶ
ۡһӿ³һĨѪûӵ޾ɱǰһĲЦ
벻һܳɣ
޻˲䣬̽˼ĵɴ˫
㣡
ЦŽԼͷϵñժ£üë
ҡ
һĹ򣬳̽ŷӦǰȳ̽ǰȴ͵ĵӰֱӽһߡ
Ҳ֪޵ʲôݣĸȻûô֣ȴ˸оĳֻǿ
Ȼ֪֮̽䵽׷ʲôɴ˶ӵĻ֮УϡܸܵһĨĨɱ⡣
˵Ҳ֣Դ޴Ӹ̨£ΧѪʬȫͣ˶ȫͣ˶Ҫ֪ΪЩʬģȻô
֪˴ʬȵʱòµ㡣
̽ڣһĨĨŪķ̣ӿڴͳһŷ˦ϵ˲䣬͵شѿ
޸հ·У̽ݺݵĵ˾䡣
û뵽ǻϵƾ
һ仰ʱ׵С
пҪƾʲôûҵƾķˣʬȵű̽Ϊҵƾˡ
ԺƾķСĵ㣬ѾıʶܻҪǿ
ҲǸصȻûŪ׵ô£۵˿㵣һ㽫ƾͼƵĹ˹ǣó̽Ѷó
̽ľһָ޻˸ϣȴһ룬͵̤˫һɱ䡣
콫е󣬴ֱƫ˽նа񣬽Σŭ۹ң
ѸͳһŻƷɻ⧲ı˼
ޣ̽Ц൱
ˣұһϴջĹ֮𡣡
һ⻰ʱŵĲᣬʲôĹ֮
ҿɼǵáʱҺ޷ֱʱңҪĹ̽Ǻڻ˸ţһ
ѵڻֻ֮һλĹڻĹ޴һܣڲŻۺ죿
ڴУǲʲô̽ˣԲŻڵɱˣ
ɲҶ룬Ѿ޸ֱӽʮѪʬٻԼǰѳ̽Ľڽڰˡ
ЩѪʬǳ̽ģ˿ȴΪ޵ӣȻǱĲУֱӽԼ˳ҲκΡ
ʹǲѪʬ޽ӵĹ
ԽţȴԽЩ֣ʱҲûôڰѳ̽б;ʲôʣ
̽ۿԼƣߣҲûл֮أҸȥǽϵļ壬ȴƮ˲䣬ǸֱӱдһöǮķ顣
̽ĺݺһҧٴδһɱ䡣
ڤڤػ׵𣬹ٽŹѸ٣׽飬լͥ
ɱ˲䣬̽һھѪҲû赲һҵɱǰʮѪʬϡ
ЩѪʬɱն˲䣬̽ϵŭˣ
Ҫ֪ѪʬɱȽʬĻҪֻ̣Ѿܹưһˣοʮֻ
ȻЩѪʬΪʲôΪ޵ӣվѲ˼ģԼĶ٣ǽһڵѪ
һ룬̽۵ױȾһĨѪڽҪ֪ǻˣ˿̿ģΪһʬף
ΧȻ𡰺¡¡¡¡·ʲô
·ʲôа
µ̤ʮѸݣķһ𣬿͵ѳ
ص˵龲һǬУ˭Ҳ֮ʬ
ɲǼ䣬ΧǼʮޱȵĺľײģͬһʱȫթʬһ߾Ƶʬ״ӹײĳĹ򣬱㽫һȺ˰Χм䡣
ӳ̽۵ɫпԿŵʬ壬ҪҪɴ˿̣Ҳܲôֱ࣬ӽЩʬٻ˳
Щʬ壬һ߾ߴŹװɫƣȴʧˮ֣˵Ҳ˼ٸͷелΪʬס
޼ˣɫЩţɫʮֵȻһ߾ĻܣһЦſ̽˾䡣
һС˰
̽ҧгݵĶ˾䡣
˴˱˴ˡ
һ룬һɱֱӻƿ
еʬ˲䳯޵ķ򹥻
ҶڰʱЩżȥȴ͵յ޸Ҵɫ
ڵȵȣż
ѵк֣
ɾϵķӡһɲǣʬĹȻͣҲ֪̽ĸˣȻЩʬ˺Ҫ޵ġ
޿ų̽ٶʱҲɻ󣬲²͸
ղŻһɱģɫת֮죬ҲֻйԳܸϵˡ
һ룬̽ȻʾõЦЦ
㻹ǵຣʱֵ¾ߵǸŮ𣿡
һ˾䡣
Ŵϼ
̽˵ͷͷɲǣƤڲ˸һֲõȻ
Ȼһ룬̽޵˾䡣
һֱûʲôϸɣڹҲǴҸҪĹͼԴһܡ˽ҲຣСϵõ꣬йһν֡
ޱ
㵽˵ʲô
̽ȴʱЦ
֪ȵʲôµŴϼʲô𣿡


118 Űɱ
һ̽⻰ĶƮ˰У޲ðʮķֱ˦ˣ
ˣĻˣڱ䣿
ɾ˶Ϊ޻˳Ļȥʱȴ͵ط׳һſ
ſ˲䡣³˾䡣
֪
һ룬͵ҧָѪдϿݡˡš֡
дõɲǣڿն͵޵ܡ
һӡ˲𣺡аţ쵹أΪûͣ棡
һ֡
ʼͨԳ졣
ԭ֮￪ʼƣ֮Ҳʼơ
㣡
뷣

һ󷨣ʱһȻҺܲˣȴΨһһԼµ󷨣
һļǵãʱ󷨵ʱΪҲ죬˰˿Ʒ档
ʱһеģߵʮ֮һûóһ޲ľԼĲֹһΡ
̽Ȼû뵽Լ޾Ȼ㲻ףʱǽһðɣɾ谭˲䣬նѾ˳ȥ
ʱҲŷ֣ڵţȻҲаȣ
㣡
̽Ѿ˵ȴЦŴͳѷ
ʲôңú㡣ʲôûйϸһڹ˽ûʲôϸƲϵ𣿡
ɳ̽ȴʱŭ⣬ɫ԰׵Ļܣ⽫һзĵߵɵôмʾõĺ޵˾䡣
ǶĲϡ
û˵ֻǡĴӿڴͳ˼ŷﵯ˵̽һóķʱŵͫһæڡ
㲻ſȥƾֿûѣˡŴϼƾŮԺԺʹҲȥ
Ҳ֪óʲôȻѳ̽ŵҲԿ̽пܡûҪĶ
û˵ֻ̽˵⻰ʱ϶ʱͣ˼롣
һ룬̽͵صɴ˫ۣʲôޡ
ʵûмƾԲԣʬȵĸ㣬Ŵϼ
ֿʼ
ŴϼƾԺԺʹ֪ܲҪƾȻ֪װһõģߣһĿĵģպýˣ󷨽⿪ǳȥҵһ֪Ĺͼģ
뵽ǿеĶͼ˿һҲûʲô⡣
ֻĪı˸ڹƾߵˣЩ
ȴҲˣƾ޵ʲôϵ޾Ȼôƾ
ɲҶ룬˸֧ŵ㣬ֱӴӸ̨¡
ˣ
Ҫٲ֣ƺҶϴˡ
µ˲䣬ֱӽѪŮ˳̽˼ĵɴ˫ۣɫˡ
㡭ˣң
ԱЦǽһˣԼԶҶЩˡ
ʱվڳ̽һһֱӵ壬ȻɧҽĿ˹ȥȴ֣ȻҪӣ
һԵѪŮȴһȻվһԾȻľš
޾ų̽ãſ
˵˵ˣǵˣ
̽һƦ޶ʱŵ޵ʲôˣȴֱӱ׷Ŵ
ǰ̽ˣǰæȴֱӸ˺
ΧĳʮְҴ˿̾ɵܿǹս˵ġ
Ȼһֱû˵ɴӳ̽ҵĿһֱ壬Ǻ޲ý̻ݣô
˵˾лл
ʱллҡ
³̽˵ĺͳһ棬ʲô֪ȴԸҡ
һ˦ķȥһĽƣһĺˣֱû·͵˫һڵء
㡭
ɲǣЦӯӯĶӣ÷°֮ϣ
˵
ЦʮаŵĲ㶼˿ӣǰˣǼ̫ˣ徹Ȼһ仰ŵŵĿѪŮ
Ұ㣬ҪңҲ
˳Ŀ⣬̧ͷѪŮһȴɫȻ۵ƶûУֱĿ塣
忴ѪŮʱǱŵĲᣬֻûѪŮĽ±޺ˡ
壬ϧѣȴѪŮ
嶪ѪŮԴãͷմ۵ȴͷ
Ҷ˼飬壬վˣܶ߾Ů֣֣ܶȴǶ²ȥ֡
ȻԺһͷһ룬Ц÷ƲƲգ
𣿡
ҡҡͷ񫣿ǡһЦմѳȴŵ͵صͷ˲䣬͵Ҵȡ
£¡
ȺȻסҶĵĲУʶľ߿ɻûжȴ͵ظܵһϮ
ѵһذص
Ҿ˵ôôЭԭɢҵעܣ
ҪѪŮۼֿ죬ܱͱˡ
Ҷʱͳ嵽ǰݺݵһϡ
͵Ϯңţ
度µĲҡͷ߶š
ҡңԺʹ˷Сһ·
һЦҿЦһߴӿڴｫǻƷŵĲóһ߿塣
㻹ǵãǰǷ𣿡


119 ֮ڣΨҶ
䣬屻ŵĲԭطɫ׵ľݹƵͬˡ
ûСûУǷСһǴ˼Ǵˡ
һЦüëһŲϣ˾䡣
˵ﻰнлٽ費ѲǣǷծǮ쾭壬ĸҲ
⻰Ÿ˵꣬弤ĸ˵ʲôȴҿٴδһ䡣
ǷǮʱҿɾˣڤҡ
£ңƺ벻Ƶʱ򣬾ѾҸˡ
õȥ
һЦŽвϵķֽժ£һ塣
Ǹ߾ŮŶԣ㰮Ůôܽ߾ŮأӦýԺʹˣ԰ɣǰǰ
ǰʹ߾Ů飬߾ŮȴֲֻᣬҸ䣬ǶûУ˵֡

Ȼǽ
Ⱳֻ
ô϶Ĵ𸴣ҼĹ˹촽ˮҵ߾Ůһۣɫһ䣬塣
ѪŮʬʬ嶯ʲôֽţ
СָָһǸղŴĺľײģŵıԼԴæ˵ûУûüֽꡣͱˡ
һ⻰ʱЦ
תȥľײԱߵɲǣһŲϡ
УоٰʮŶϧ
ѪŮ˸ѪŮѹײĴ򿪣ײı򿪵˲䣬ѪŮʬֱ˫ۣһԹֱӴӹײը˳
ġ
ѪŮɱˣѪŮˣʬ嶼˾Žɷʬ
Žɷʬ˼壬Ÿѣһʬ
ѪŮʬʱӹײ˳һ񣬲㱻ҧһڣȻʱܵһԵȥ쳷˵
Ĳû飬ͳͼˣ
ѪŮһ󣬲ϵĺԼʬ岫ȴܴǽĶ￴ʮֳ
̾һҽзһתָһŷҧԼһѪڷ֮ϣѧƾǰҵģ͵䡣
֮ڣΨҶ𡣵ԣħ֣ǰնǧ̫Ͼ
ƾڸҵģһʱ򣬾;൱Ե
֮ڣΨҶ
ɵһʳ˭ģȴ㲻ˡ
ǻдµɱ䡭
ѪҲΪԼ̫ʹɱİֻѪʹʮ֮һ
ʮ֮һȴֱӽѪŮʬϵɷȫ顣
ҪǻʹɱǶôţƣ
ʬӦصɲǣ׻Ϊһʬ壬Ѹڵϸã¶˺۵壬һۣ۲ѡ
˫һѪŮʬ壬Ĭ˼䣬֮ǰصؿһѪŮȴޱĶҵ˵ͷ
ǻΪаʬ壬ûã㱻Ϊҽ
ѪŮ˵⣬õĹޡ
֮ǰѾ׼ӿڴͳӣѪŮĹǻװ˽ȥװȥ֮󣬷ѪŮϡ
һֱԼĹǻҷȴʱŭ͵صɴ˫۽Ŀתķ
廹ڿǽϵ죬ǸܵҵĿ⣬ŵĻҵķתͷѾ뵽ԼĽ֣ŵһƨ˵ϡ
𡭡ɱҡ
ҵɫѾָ˵ޱһķȥһ䡣
ɱʱôһ𣿡
һ仰ʱҭȴһ룬ظ֮ĻΪɱ˵Ǹ߾ŮͲ߾Ů˵ĻжжƶΣƶΡ
һôҪۣʱֱӽˮֱ
ðȥܽ㲻䡣
䣬ֵ
ڸ߾Ůһ·ˡ
аеʮаŵǽ֮˵ĻǣӲһ˵ڣٶһ䣬֮ҪôӮ˵һܴѣҪôһɾɡ
ҸղͽˮĻƷ˺˵ĻȻ߾ŮĶУ˿̵߾ŮҲ֪ҲĻҲŹĿܷŹ壿
˲˭ѣҶ߲ϻİӸղŵֻֻǧǧ
һ仰ʱĵĲС
ߵѪŮԣһۣȴʱ˫Ķҵ
лл
лл㣬ôʱԸҳͷ
һֱӴѪŮͷϣݺݵİһۡ
˵лл𣿡
һ룬˶ӵЦ
Բϴ߾Ůĺ󺰽˺ܾãܾãֻǹͷﱻ۶ϵֹͣ˺С
תߵʬǰϸϸĿ˼ۣҲһ䣬ȴûʰʬǡ
ֿԣٷ´µʱ򣬾͸ԤԼôһ죬ܱԸ̵İ취ر
οɱ˲ңԼ߾Ů
ʱĳ̽ѾŰĲվԶȥһѧñΧСָо
ټϳ̽ĨΨΨŵŵװźϴʾãǽӲĳгһˡ
ⳡȻһ̾
֣˱˵αļƵ˷˵̸ߣн
ѪŮҳ޷ȥɲǣԺȻǲ顱
󷨱ˡ


120 
˲䣬͵һѽ𣬳һԹšȥǰ͵ؽ߿ٵĴڰڴ
޾رϤ·Ƶġ˺þãһСͣ
Һ˲ϰڵϴҺһۣ
ˣɱ˳̽
ҡҡͷ˵Ӧ󷨵˲СҪû´ĻӦǹԳˣ̽ϾǹԳǵұۣҪѳ̽ɱˣ鷳
󣬵˵ͷԼŮ˵ȴҡҡͷ˵취뿪˵
Ҽȴҡҡͷüë˾䡣
ô˵ҲŮʹѲһ𣿡
Цŵ˾䡣
߰ɣʹˣҴĵں˵
дΣҲɵһůŮפĵطѩ˱飬Լƾ˵
Ҳںҵ֮ڻĹ﷢飬ΪʲôҪƾ˵˸顣
ԭڽĹʱȺ˵Ĵ񣬶޹ֻ꣬ܳȣնɱҪնɱµģԺǴս˺ü졣
˵ʱصصǿˣ֮ԶôصΪϧ̵Ŀ飬ɱˣûɱԵʱûеõơ
Ժĺ˵ɱǱΪ¡
֮ڽĹһֱڰֽſţֱĹѨ˲ų֡
ĹѨųֵˣǸղŰĳ̽ʱĴĹ̽û̽ŪͲˣĹѨĶˡ
ɾĶӻص֮ȴԼʦѾߵ˾ͷһֱİ취޻Ҫһ档
޸벻ףʦȥĹʱĺúõģôͳ
֪֮ʦȥĹʱ㵽ԼڣȥĹĿģȫΪ
ûʦҪ۵Ĺ֮λɵ۴һŮӣôҲе˵ȥܻŴӻĹõ֤
˵Щʱ϶ǴŨŨЦ⣬мǼѵḶֻ́Լ֪
Ȼʦû˵ܵõһͼһֱʦԸΪ֮Ǹ̽õͼֱӴĹһ洫ıɱ̡
֪֮̽ƾҲȫΪĹһ洫ѵĶ
ÿιҵƾĹһСľø
ѵĸƾ֮⣬ҲûκѶϢ
쳯ôһ˵׺ף˵ѣǴ롣
ҼǵãϴͳƾȥǴΣǰ޵ϵʽƾ
Ҳû죬Ͼģģǻġ
ǲʱδ
Һ˵ʱȴûеĶ˵ϾݣǼˡ
Ұ˵ģ˵Ķ˵
һЩ˵ģһַʽ磬Ǳ̽׷ɱʦʦҽܸƾƾл۸ʼŶݼףҵ֮ࡣ
󣬲ϸ̾ϹˣҪúллҵʦһˡ
⻰ţȴ˲ֹһۡ
ǰǺأûͽܿ
˵Щȴ֮ǰƾԵʱˣҵʱΪһʦһƾ
һ뵽ʱƾľ֣ԺȴһֶϷ
ƾкܶû˵ģͱ磬˿ɲֹ
ޡ
Ҫͳ̽巢ĶսҲҪһ˴ѪŮǴ᲻ҵһŪ
˵ЩѾ賿㣬ѩüŮ·Ȼϣ˸ôȺúϢ
ϾҲһԺʹƹ˵ɱȨɱˣֱ̽Ű͹ԳǸ״ǲ֡
ɸֵǣҾȻڷһ˯磬ԳǶûҵҵͷֱѩңʱȡˣˣһЩûӦô£
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ǵһμ
ȻûͼŪףŮҪĿҲˣȻû鷳ܲɵⲻ
ǺϣһʰãųȥۿѾߵʱĴȻ˹Գǵ
ôˣҲҴк
һʱͷƤˣ¹ԳǣʶĶŴϼ
һðͷ˲ɣͷԹԳЦЦ˵
ˡ
ȴЦŻҾ䣬ƾǺúõͻݷá
ţݷá
ݷƾǲйء
£ôţоǳġ
⺮˼䣬ոҪߣȴ͵ظܵһɴɱĿֱǰɨĺ󱳶˴ء
ҲŽĿŹȥ̺̽ɱĿ⡣
Ƕ˸ЦݣڲɱԺ󲻻ᣬȻҲϲ˼ƽϣңҿˡ
Һӣҵʱ£ҿɰû
뿪̣մֿ߳ұԶͣ˺üӶ޵ˣ¡
ޣǰȥҲŵɲǣȴֱӱɵԭء
롭
ôҲˣ
ܽҶĿң˵һͷԵĻ
ڵͦʰ


121 
ұ⻰ʱŵĲᣬɫ˰ףȴһ룬Ծ˸Ц
ˣĶĻСǰĻʲô
⻰ϵûʲô飬ޱǿһɨæң˵ǵĳͣ⸽Ͳˣ˵ϵҡ
εĶ޵˵ͷֻԼ֪ҸͲ߰
ڵĸһԾ⼴һ棿
ǰŸߣб³֡
ϳ
ȥһ·ϣ񶼲ƾ룬ֱҹɫһڣصƾƾǱı׵ӣҶʱ˼֡
ˡ
ġ
Ǳȴûиɣ
ƾ򣬹Լġܵǰҫһ˴ʲôġ
𰸻ҲµΪûڣƾģԼܵ˾;ҽ飬ر𻹽ﱻ˵֣ҫ˾˵ЩԿһ䡣
治ҴˣӿɽҲ
Ļ䣬ֱӱ˹ʺҲǻá
ھʲôһаٷâ¶ֻұˣұ˳ˡô˵ǰ˺ݺݵİһɵʱȴûܰңֻԼһԡ
֪Щ֮ůĲУƾǲҪȥ˸ҽҩĵǰеĺ
ϼ
Ĩҩòã
䣬ϵЦֱӽԭأðϺԱߡ
ڿûŮˣ򿴵ԼΪƾ˴˿ԣܱŻѪ
ƾģһġҽҩ˹ҩԴ⣬ȴֱޱȵ
ң
δ䣬ұ㱻ŵСһֻѵһҽҩֱ˵ϡ
һͳ£
䣬ǽʱ鴤˼֡
һ룬ɳһԲĳȥұٶŵΪ˴£빷׷ɱȥɲǡ
ǰȴĴһ䡣
ԺȥôΣյĵطǵú˵
ûһӦͷҲص뿪
ֱӱɵԭأһûӦֱһԵƾӣָָԼͷһȴɰĲе
һûסЦ˳
Ҳ̲סֱӹĴЦ
Цƾڵĸľ̿ƵģŰҩ޵˵һ飬ֽѪŮǻҵһ飬Ҹõطæˡ
ϾҪȥĻѪŮۿԼ𻯣ọ̈̄δЩ̡̫
˵ЩҽԼĶʰһ飬ƾ߳߳ţȴһһϤӰ
ɵãҵɴ˫ۣ˵Щ
룿
ͷޱҵְĳ
ؼҡָ䣬ұ㱻ԭأؼң˭ļң
һ룬뿪ڣҰѰȫϵϣҾ䡣
ַ
Żסĵַ˵ɻŸ䣬Ŀ˲ҵϡ
ͬС
˲䱬죬ŷӦԼС˼Ȼ˷֣ʿˮСĵ˵ͷ
Ŵϼ˭ǰҶԺаԵΨھǰôŰСϱ̧ͷ
ֱҵ˼ſڣҸմ򿪳ź;³ɲǣȴҲһ˳󡭡
ţİ͵˴ſڡ
ȥǰȻʶ̧ͷȴһ룬ҵ˲һƬհף˽ԭء
ͻ񱩷˴ֲŨڲƵĦ
һֿҵԴϣһֽ䣬ҺȻ˼Ҳ˼ֻ˳ӵı۾ܵ뱧סЩٽЩ
С¥¶˲ֱὫҷſЦǽһɧڣͷһ룬ȻͷҲأģֱ¥
ұԭɵɵ㶣ûӦղŷһУֻȴյһš
ɵ
룬ҾǻɻңҶܱĳ
ҿ˾ˣ껹ɵ
һǶʲôʼļ磬ЦĸɵƵİŴ˿ݺڴϹ˺üȦŽƽմܵϴ˯ȴԼģ˳
žŴϼֳָ˾ʧԵһȾϢȻɡ
ôôֺðײ˱˵ĸо
ÿǾ׵ȥҪңƶˡ
һҹΣڶǱ޵ĵ绰ѵģѾԼãҪݷƾڲ賿㲻޾͸ҷţ˵Ҽ¥£
ŸȦҴӴԼٵһ飬¥ƾſڡ
ǰ׼ŵҴǰԶԶһĹݵ
ˣɵÿ˾䡣
ãƾӦǸزʧţر˰ɣ
Ǻһϵ˾䡣
ǰرصš
˵ȴǡ
֮ǰҲãദˣôôоԼ۾ˡ
ߵԺڣ㿴ƾڳǸƵ̬
µĶҲûΪǵĵٰ֣ͣˮеĿ
ҺޣҲû˼վһֱƾˣ̧ͷſ
ãǡƾ𣿡
ƾͷɫȻ˫ů˵۾ȴԵ൱貶Ŀ
õ϶𸴵ޣŽǰСľóƾǰ
֪˻ǲǵĹۣĹ۵ѵǣҵľи


122 վ
ƾֻľһۣȴûľ£Ƕ˵˾䡣
ڣʱ򡣡
һɫ΢䣬ƾ
ˡ˼ǣ
ƾľзŻ޵С
Ҫʱһ㡣
䣬ƾȻֱתˣ
վһԣƾƵģЩԾܸоƾľ֮Щֵֹģ֣ԼЩ˵
ֱƾӰʧǰҾ䡣
𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ǣܳԴҩˡ
ϴó޸ǻջķʱƾǿɼôһһתԵô죿
޺˼䣬ŽߡǰҾ䣬˵ҪصˣҪʲô飬һһʱҡ
ҸмĵлŻƾ߽ȥƾȴƾ̨ݵǰ棬˫ˮ㲦ŪңȴûκζһΪӵĶ
ĽŲƾ̧ͷ̧ͷɲǣȴ׵ĸͷƵȻˣһˡ
׵ƻСȴðǽ˸еϢ
һƾʱЩۣǰԣȴֱӳұ˻С
ϼұ
˫ֻҵɲǣһһЩӦҪƿƾȴԼ򴦴Сĳ
ƾǴſǻҶ
ϼ㲻ͱ˵ҿˡ
ҳ̾һֹƿַ֣ģ
ôˣ
ССֻܹ
˵ˡ
ȻϵʧǺǺйأ׿˵ȴ¡
ƾҺܾãֱޱɿңɿҵĵһ仰ȴǡ
֪𣬴ϼȻҽ㳤һģһҵһۿ㡣͸оҽ񣬺񡣡
ƾ˵ȴŵĵһ
ôˣ
ҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ȴҡ
㻹ǵãҵʱ˵ǰþǶ䣬׷˸׷˺þ𣿡
ҵͷ˵ǵã֮ңǸˡա
˵Ŀʾ֮ʱգ˾ģ¡
˵ͻమʱְܾ
˵ӭȢյʱʮһ
žһŮ˵飬ɵɫɷס
ƾȴʱ˻֮У·ȴˣ߻ҵĴڡ
˵ͻమ£ܾ˳Ц
ɾգǸ˻ա
ɵûһʡ
Ϊʲô
ƾҡҡͷûֱ˵Եɣǽ˼ٴγԼĻ䵱С
ңϼ֪ͼ𣿡
ҵͷ˵֪
ŷ֣ȴ˼֡
Ҳ֪ҵҲһ
ƾȴңڷдţͼߣ¡
ȴ֪һ䣬ڣߣˡ
ҵɫ˲԰ףƾͼʲô
ƾҡͷ˵ͼͺһһֱǣһա
󣬺Ȼ㶣һһֱǸԣʲô˼
ղƾĽ
հʳڣƾɫ˲һ䣬۵ԹҴδѪ
ֻһۣұĵһð亹
ƾȻҲһ棿
ɲǼ䣬ƾ⸱ģ˵˾лл˵ЩңȥϢˡ
ƾıӰԭãֱһ紵ŷӦ˹
ȻҶûѻյϳܸоƺܲɷֵĹϵ
Ѳɣǻյĺ
ͷȴԼ׵ĲС
ͼ飬ҪŪյ飬ҲҪŪ
Ҫ̼ġ
ĸ˭Ǵģ
˫һգ뿪ƾļңڴϷȥܸͣоԼƾͻ˵һμ˼
ʲôʱ˯ģѾǲˡ
Ҽ˳ɽƮѩ಻ϵĻ
ѩ˵·ѹ֦ȴûڰѩǵȺѪ
ǰһͤͤܳɴᣴ£ͤ棬ȴվһɵŮӡ
ŮӴһϮ֮ȴȾ˼ĨʺѪЩѪȴȫǺĻѩ˲١
ɴ˿ɼŮվͤ⣬Ѿжʱ
ŮӵıӰЩϤҸ볯ǰŮӾ˭ȴͷİ׷ͣ˽Ų
ͤϴµɴᣴȴͤϣһ˫Ө׵֡
ֻĲŪµҡ
ԣˮһɴһ
˵
İţȴϤޱȣ볯ǰȥվͤŮӵķӦ
ɲߵһ룬ȴŮ˫Թޱɭ
ֻǼŮӵĲɱԭء
׷Ůӡ
Ϊʲôҳһģһ
һ磬ӭٴνɴƵڿƮɢȴǡõסӵӣҿ˫ɴ͸ıۣȴεѹȡ
֪Ҳ֮ˡ
ҳô󣬼ܽϢȾ˻Ȼɵˣˡ
û𾪹Ůӻ˫˫һ֮ͤϡ
һȻƮҵС
Ů˵
ֻΡ
һΣΪʦԭ¡
һΣΪƾ
ΡȴΪԼ
һ룬͵شоѣ۵˲䣬Ϥӣ͵һԼؿڣȴԼ˫־Ȼڲǰ
ŵġ
Ȼöûİ塣
ϵ֣µ¼Ϊۡ
μģҳһģһŮӡ
ǻգǣң


123 Դ
һʼõյٵþգٵڵμ˭ܸңҵʲôϵ
۵ʱƾǾ䣬գǸ˻ա
һ룬Ů˵ġ
ֻΡ
һΣΪʦԭ¡
һΣΪƾ
ΡȴΪԼ
Һ޲ھϳ嵽ƾȥ⵽ô¡
ͷԺи֣ȴƾɭѪı飬ʱŵֽһ
һҲóֻʦ˸绰
绰ڵ˲䡣ﻹŶԵʮС
ʱҴ绰ôˣ
һԼڻþգεյ飬һԵȫ˵ʦ
ʦ󣬾þò𻰣ֱ绰·̾ϢŸңҪԺεյĻͺ˵󻹶ңǧҪκ˵μգǰһ㡣
һЩסʦΪʲô
ȴҡ
Ϊʱ򡣻ɢˡ
ɢ˵ȵŮӣǻյ
ҸհʳڣȴʦЦ˵Ϳˣ˶Ϳ
ûʦ仰ʲô˼ȴʦõ˿϶Ĵ𸴣ȵŮӣǻգ
Ҳѹ֣ҪǻգҸĻҪƾҵķλƾôںĳ̶ȣƶƨƨߵԼȥˡ
绰Ҷǰʦصظ˵ԣȣпܻ鷳Լע㣬Сһ㡣
Ҫǳ£ǲҵģ
ʮ˸УƵ飬ʱʦ仰ĲУ
죬ҶûȥƾڼоаݣҲԼ˺üξ֣Լͻյǣɵõȫǿ
Ҹ㲻֮
һ̾Ϣֻա
ɾʱƾȻҴ˵绰ңԳصݷãָյ˵Ҫң
һ⻰ʱһ㶣뿪̵ʱ򣬹Գصغ˵ݷң
һǴﲻ̫ȴҲ֪ƾҴ绰ˣҲҲȥ
Լʰһ黹ûߵƾſڣһȥûߵƾſڣұܵһĨȵĿⲻ϶ҿ
̧ۣ㿴˹ԳŴЦвèһԶЦ
ұЦݶĺ󱳷鲻ѣ벻ͨԳǳʲô裡
Цǽһɲ⣬Цص
ŴϼôЦôĲã
ӲͷƤӭȥԳǸҽȥȴȻðƾݺƲ
ء
ƾѾָ˵һμǰģ
·Ѫ棬ֻԼĵס
棬ֻҺ;¶
Գ¶һˬܿȥֱƾ棬ߣŵĲӵˤ
ƾ״û̧ϵİŪԼĲߣƾĶֱӽԳԭء
ֱԳҲ̲סſ˵˾䡣
ƾ㣬æԵ
䣬׵ĲУƾȴǼ̧̧ۣһ
㲻ˡ
Գɫ΢䣬ȴһ룬ָЦЦѲı顣
˵ҵ𣿡
ĿתƾϣƾȴĲֱӵ˸ɾ仰û
̬ȣֱһޡ
Գô˵Ҳ˾ЩҲס˽ſ˾䡣
ģǴϼԵ
ҵƤ˲һһûӦһʹԳԵȴ͵⴫ءһһϢ˲佫֡
ϼе𣿡
һ룬һϤһɱŭֱӴ⴫
ԳһȻЦ
ôģʹҲ죬ѵ죿
Գǻ˲䣬ѾһƨҵԱߣ˳ĽԳԱߵɳ˸顣
Ҫ֪ɳǺľġرǴƾ۵һ۾ܿɳֵơ
Цһìͷֱָң۵סƽһˮ
ϼҺ𣿡
һѿڶȴ۵εѹȸŸᣬæȵ˵˾䡣
죬Ȼ죬ôܺ;˲졣
䣬ұ۵׵ЦݸˣԳɫࡣ
ˣСһƾֱĶ䶼˼룬춼ҪԳһ˦Ӷ˵䣬ңƾԵ
һ⻰ʱͷƤ飬ûôӦֱӰһ˾䡣
Ҫ͸Ͻôôƨ
뱬֣⻹ͷһΣԳһ⻰ʱĻϢǣֻûƾ˸ϡá
ƾȥСС˸룬ƽϢˡսҡ
ɹԳǰŸߣֱӽҴƾ˳ȥټûƾ˵
ֱſڣŰɿЩֵĿ룬

ȴ֡
ؼҡ
Űֵַ˾ĳһ·˰һ仰ûü˵ֱҼ¥£Ҹ³ȴ־ҲŴӳ
ΪǴ֮ǰһҪҵſڣ
ɵ˼ſڣȴһûߵ˼ɵãͷƤһ飬Ŵ˿ǰŸ̤ž˽ҼĶȫ˳
ұٶЩĪɵüͷһ
㵽
һؼҡ
ŸһûӦֱԭأֱҵĶһ©ȫװãŲ˾䡣
ûֹԳǣƾǶ㻢𣿡
ҵģסҼңѵԼһס𣿡


124 ˵ŲҪ
һվž˵һѣұ˵Ļֱŵһһ㶵ġ
⡭
ʶľ
ôͺһ׶ԣ
ҺƾֻǺѣ͹ԳǸǰ˸ӶűߵĹϵ׳ӷ谡
˵˾ǵ´˭֪ҪҺȻס˾ⲻˣҾ
ݣʲô˼
ǷԼ˵ô࣬ӦûɫԽԽڣΧĿԽԽ䣬һţִӾĿұŵĶʱȽһԴһգĻôࣿ
ƨƨߵֱܵ˾ԣֻûϾĴȺúø̼ˡ
˵ʲôʲô
ˣššͷҲصĽֱӳ¥ȥ
ҿٵĽɨһ飬ȷûж©£Ÿž¥
˾֮󣬾ҶֱӶԭķ䣬ͷҲصֱ¥
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뿪ңҲп˰ɣ
ҵķ䲻ʰһȾµһ߽ӣ˱Ƕıī㣬ʱҵ
۵˲һΪԼһ֮ȫ¶Լ
ڲŷ֣ȫ綼Լ뻹һֱңҡ
ҡôһϤİĴʻ㡣̺СңұΪԼѾԽԽԶܸһ
ʰ֮ܵϴ˸裬ϴԡմ߳һůĻ
һ룬ֻоԼǺݺݱһֱӶ˴ϣûҷӦһȵǱϯ
ҵĶͷʼһһǵ۾Ǽ⡣촽˸ߣϹŵԡ
Ҳڲ䣬
ֱ紵ŷӦȥñӣȴϥֱӳſҵ˫ţҵ࣬Цǽһаȡ
ҧҵĶһ
Ҫ𣿡
ұµĲ˸кʲôϿʼ¡
ҡͷȴ͵ԼųĲеĴЦŽָ˾ϣ֮ĵ˴ͷϡ
ֻꡱһҽƸ˿Ƶɲǣ˾һ䡣
㻹׵ȥ𣿡
ıһ٣ΪɲǣĶ׼ҵĶһ䡣
أ
ûҷӦ㽫ֱӹϣصƵɲǣһռǣֱӳҵĴ
ȴû룬ϵڴϿҧֱһҧҳ۴һ˽ǿ¶ֱϯҡ
ֲҵߣʮֲõҪƿ֣ȴݺݵĽ˫ֿϡ
㲻Ҫ𣿡
˵䣬ЦаȣŵĶʱȽһ뽫˫ȼӽȴˣĽҵ֮䡭
˵ŲҪ廹Ǻܳʵ
ǴԲʧɧҶҶʱһֻоԼƺӶҪϴˣ
ɽģԽԽҪƿĶҲˡӭϡ
֮䣬뾹ȻͣԵɲǣҶ˵˾䡣
㻹ǵҺ˵һָ˰ɣ
Һָˣļˡ
һʱ˲ǣ˵ʱͷڲϴ
ġ
ûشңЦĸаȣֻоԼԴһˣʱˡ
˵òǱƵɣ
ɾΪĶҪʱȻ˸ɵһߣұ뻳С
˯
һ⻰ʶġһˣ治ʲô
仰ȻûʳڵģɾȴͷҵĶҡ
ʲôѵҶʲô𣿡
ɫͨ죬ֻоԼԵһʱ侹Ȼ֪˵Щʲô
һ룬˵ЩʲôҼޱȵģһֱӷ˾ϣѧӣֱĴϡ
һʼĿҧһһ룬ɾȴʱҷͣڣңԣΪҪʲôʱСĶ˵˾䡣
ڱҡ
ûһ
һ仰ȴŵҸضȥ
ûر壬²˴

һҹΣڶһ㿴ǿ˯ˡ
ϣֱΪһ⣬ǾӣҼˣһĲɵС¹ײ
ʶľһָֻȴֵ̧˲䣬˸š
һ룬˫һЦڶһǣܵȥϴ
ﲻžϵǹī㣬ܺţŵĶ
֮󣬾뾹Ȼĵ緹ݵʱ򣬾ô
Ҳ֪ǲΪŴϼݣΧ˿ȵ׷ߣΣУ緹֮⣬һڼﻹʮĵʱʱиˮը֭Ūʳǰ
ôĶĺѰϵһ
ôӼңִˣһЩ
ֱҹŶɳϵķʲôʾ롣
ͻʲôϵ
û˵ҡ
˭
뻹û˵ҡ
ǲ׷ɹף
һ⻰üëһû˵ң
ֻоԼҪƷˣݺݵһס˼ŭ
㲻˵ǲڻ뵽ǰĶ
Ҷʾˣ
ǣû˵
ֻоҲ̲סֱӴɳվž롣
㲻Ȣյʱ򣬲ʮһమʱְܾŮװʱ㲻ǻȥ׷𣿡

ֻоž˵һѣֱ˵Լһ㶼˳
ЦüҾ䡣
˵ˣ


125 ָ
һԼž˵ôһѣһ㷴ӦûУĲ㽫ɳϵķֱҾˡ
ƾӽ㣬ΪܶطͻպҲ֪Գǽӽ㣬ΪҲͻպҺһҲΪ𣿡
뻰䣬ҵŭ˲ȫ˼˲УɵúЩ顣
ɾʱһѽĻУҶߵ˾䡣
˽ӽ㣬ΪգҾԲǡ
Ȼûκνͣһ仰һģ׵İ
ûнͻ֮鵹΢Щˬ뿪ʣȴӲס嶯
Ծ⸹ڵӣҪ˵ȻҡҪǲ˵ˣҲǰʡ
ǰΣһˣһ˻Ƕɢȥˡ
һʲô
ɵãҽյѹĵס
ھ￴ưȵĴ˼죬Ȼûϸ˵Ҳ֪ڼԳҹңҲҹң
ԳɣȻض˵ȴǱƾ򷢹ҵġ
Ҳ֪ô룬ʱˣϵĴѰټֱһȦȫй̤˸顣ëûŻƾԡ
ƾȴֱӰͷϣ˵Ϊˣ޷֣ң֣ԸæϾ֡
Ӵ٣СƢʱһ⻰ƾ˸ٰʮģҪǾֱӽǵ⣬ܴӳϰѲ˵ֱɱȥ
ʱĺܿ졣ۿŵڶҩЧҪȥȻһɳ嶯ôŴϼȻҾʧݳ֣Գģûôˡ
ִ򲻹룬ڱңˣôΣһݶҲ޷
հ뷨˵ȴνĻ֡
㡣
һĸʦ˸绰˵¡ΪᷴԣѾĲƣѧˣÿʼԼˡ
󣬺ǺЦһʦ᲻̫ˣʱ׷ɱû˾ô졣
ȴһ䣡
㲻о𣿡
Ҽֱ˹ˣǺһ䣬ȴ͵֮ǰʦ绰˵ȣ׳£
հ⻰ʸʦȴңұģʾȻ࣬ҲܿȺһϵûУΪ¡
һ⻰ʱʦΪʲô£ȴˣ˵ʲôй¶һ䣬ߵںңԼȥ
ұŵòᣬߵ˺ңǻʲô
ûҶ룬ʦѵ绰ˣҶǰ仰Ҳ˵
⼸ĵһ£ҶܵȥԼָûУֱ磬һվӷԼָǰ⻬ҼĲֱܵ¹ｫ·˻ȥúõİԼһߣصػܵǰתӴ˺üȦȴļۡ
Ұ˾û
ŽԼԭĵ绰˻ɵ绰벹ɲǣҵֱֻӱĶŲŪըˣ
Ķţ巢ҵģῷҵģ̣ʦС롣
῵Ķ޷ǾǷȫΣҷţҵǲ⣬ῺҲ֮Եȴôҵѣĵ׵ǳмġ
Ķţ˷Ȼ׽ңҾ֮Ļ֮⣬ҲûʵĶ
̣Ȼҵʱ뿪Ĺ֮󣬸ҷһš
Сĵ㡣
һţʱֶ˰أ̿׷ɱңҵģΪʲôң
ʦǸҷ˺üţ˵ļڵˣôȥϿΣһѧҪǿţǵø绰
Сһ֮ԼⷿӣԼ׬ѣʦȻرϲһû뵽ҶûȥϿΣʦȻԸϣҶʱĻмʦлл
˸ԼССð֢Լȥչֻˣû취ɷ˹ȥ
Žָ㿪˾ҷĶš
㿪ŵ̶һ벻ʱ䣬ֻоԼģͬʱΣŵĺͬʱð
ɵ㿪ŵɲǣȴһûס˳
Һϲˡ
ûκγŵҲûκκң̶̵һ仰ȴҵõ˿϶
ŵĽڣݵ죬ҿţȻֻĸо
ĵףһĨ嶯Ҫ׿һУ忪һеһ谭ԼʲôҪˣֻҪ롣
һһһ˫ˣ
ҼŵɲǣҲʼԼĸ顣
Ȼû˵Һ񡭡
ڲ䣬ԽԽϲˡ
һδ
Ҳ֪ǡ
δ룬ġ
ûصĶŻ˹ȥֻ߳˾ļڵһĨ̫ԼϵһɲǣҺȻһ
ˣ
ΪάԼŮ󣬻ӲסˣϾŴϼʲôٶǶģóԼȻ㲻ϺÿôҲȥϵ˼̨档
ûԼݣСƵһȦһûصҵɲǣһ
ɳϣ⸱ģȻЦұЦĶʱһŭ
Цʲô
˵˾ûУĨԵĳŪǴ̼ҵĸй١
СƢʱһ;ۣȴĿһۣҡ
Լݣã
ҡҡͷ˵ԼҲ֪ҪܰŪѹԳǽˣͲȥˡ
ɾȴȻ˵䣬һָŴϼݵʱҪȥһˡ
ЩԾ
ȥ


126 ƾ
ûشңʮյĻһ䡣
ҹ㿴䷱
ûҷӦ仰˼ȴֱ¥һԭطþòŷӦڱ
ܸоԴһ˸ݱŴϼ֮Ȼ;ӴĲ࣬ɺȴԽԽˣһЩģָǰеļ䣬ʲô
ٽƾȻŰݷãһűڵʾ롣
ϼȥ
һƾͳȥȴԼ̤һСɲǣ͵طӦԼڻָݡ
Ҽǵûǰصغƾ˵ʦ¡뿪һʱ䡣
뵭ȻĿƾһۣûйɫҲûйı飬ƾȴƵĳ嵽˷ǰΪƾҪԾֵɲǣȴֱǰͣ
ƾĿҵϣֻû˶
ұĻð亹ĵײɵֹ˾䡣
ҸòǱϳ˰ɣ
һ룬ƾ˵ĻȴֱӰҺ;붼׵ˡ
ϼ֮ǰסôһˣ˵ʦ£Ҫ뿪һʱ䣬Ҿ˵ô뿪һʱǻʲôλϲҿߣΪɣ
˵⻰ʱƽ͡ɵ֡Լ˵ϼʧˣһ㷴ӦûУʱıףֻû;ɼˡ
룬ʱ򻹰ڳǸɫ˭ǰͦںϼôģˣͲˣ
ţ
˵
ǲӣϼˣûÿ
һƾ˵⻰ɫ˲һڣɾҲûסЦ˳
£װƾëˣ嵽ǰݺݵҡžļֶôôЩ졣
ǲ˼ҳˣϼͳ˸С۾Ĩԭ˵㣬ϵĴ˵㣬˵𣿡
ȥϹشң
ϵЦ⣬۵ЦȴҲֵסҺ;һۣҲûסЦ˫˫ųɲǣƾֱӷˡ
ʱǻüȥ
ȻǹŮ룬ǿˣʱѴϼ鶼˵ϲɵˣԴϼ
һƾҵ¶˵˾ɵÿĿתΪɾɫȴ˲ˡ
ţҪƾ˵ȥ;ǵСܶȫ˵ˡ
һ룬뿪ڣƾ˾䡣
ģϼµģҺûʲô
ɾĻŸ䣬ëƾץ죬ȴЩûɿָ֣ž˾䡣
ûʲôס˻ûʲôҪǺûʲôʹϼʲô˼ҳ¶ʧˣ㻹ô
ûȾ뿪˵ƾּ˾䡣
룬ҷ
䣬ɫ˲һڣЦһֱţﵽҲ̲סֱսܵ¥Ϸȥת˲䣬ЦԼ
¥ʱֻʣ¾һɳϿӣüëЦʾ롣
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ͷɫࡣ
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ƾôҵİοôҵѣû뵽ġ
ҸմȥСߣȴͬʱյţһʦģȥѧУϾԼѧôãԸѧУһ
һȻС῵ģ
ôҺ˼֮⣬ܲ취æͷмӳ⡣
ǰô飬ȴȻĻţֱݺа취ƽǿ˸˵λãγ˵£ֺòϵңҹȥæҴˣܲܰҸ
ԮʱСаҲæ˼ҳ£ܲܲɣ
Լ˸ʱ䣬һȥȴҲʧСߵĳ嶯ص䣬ϴԡ߳ɲǣȴԭء
룡
Ȼϴʱҵķ䡣
ֻ봩һԡۣڴͷ˰ߴͷƣһķƹɫİϣ·Ϊһ⣬Ƭ涼Ҫֹ
ҴĿž룬ֱһаȵĿ⿴ң䲻Ĵ˸ôԼֱ˶˵ĸо
ŴŹϵԡۣ뷶Լߵǰ֮ǰһ˹ɾûƵģԹԵǱ鷭
ֻоһӽֱðͷ
գ
ôһˣ¶ϻˮô欵ĳǰ㾹Ȼң
ңϴ͵ҷʲô
һڣƵֱ˴ͷӺݺݳһԾ˦˸ۣһӸմ˯ȴȻһ޵Ц⡣
üͷһܸоԼǱ˳ƵģհͷŤ룬ȴһļ飬ϷȻ˭ˡ
ѵǾЦģ
ôֻסѲǹ
Ǻͱסܻɵϣɾôһ⣬Զֱܣ
һ룬ٽĿת룬Σûϵ鼮ˣһֳһֻԴһֻŪҵĳһ˫ǳЦŵһ۶ҡ
ֻһۣҳС
Ҵδ˵۾ܳô꣬ôƯŹ񹤰㾫ĵӣֱѰڶˡ
ʲôأ
뿪ڣɳȴżĺȻ
ſϣȴû
ɵãﰵһ䡣
װ


127 
Ҳ̣һѽӵ뻳УԴ˵֡
˯
û򡭡
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һ⻰ʱɫ˰ףʾ롣
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128 
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Ǹʮ𱣬ûŮ˿ټĳ˶ûСˣʬ︯÷˶űھӷֱ˾
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¥Ա㴫һ߸Ьڵذϵŵɫһףҵҡ
ȷ𣿡
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մţ㿴۵Ů¥˿ŵӰصػͷҺһۣϹŵģĨ԰ɭЦݡ
ĳ˵ƯҲ˵ƽӹȴһۣס˼ǵõģŽߵۡ
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ȥıӰҺ۵׶Ĩ˼ֱ뿪ⶰ¥Ŷ˵˾䡣
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ϵЦݣ֮ǰǰ죬ѪɭԹֻһۣұ׹̶Ŀ¡
ôоЦ


129 ƾ
һ룬Ȼתһ˹ȥߵĺᣬķϺġ
ҺıӰ˭û˵ֱ´͵˾ſڣСĵ㣬оŮĿҵֵֹġ
Цŵ˵ͷԼҲСĵ㣬˼䣬תص˾ҡ
ŵ˲䣬ֱһǿĻһȵֱҵĴͣҴȡ
ֱұǵĶ촭ˣŷſңһˬ˵˾䡣
ҵġ
֮ǣͱе̫
ǡԴˣ
ҲĿһۣܸоԴӾ֪Ŵϼ֮ԽԽ֣ҵռԽԽԶǿˡ
ǰ˯ԼҲʮܡȻûҷ䱧һ˯һʱЩֻ֣û۵
ϰߣµĶǼ죬ȴϰ˾Ĵڡ
ڶһ磬ǱֻѵģŴֻ㿴ƾҷһţ
һʼһûʲôɵҴ򿪶ŵɲǣһˣڲûԼݣֻ룬ҲûԼģƾʱϵң
Ķźܼ򵥡һʮϤĵַ˵ңҪκˡ
ҿЩ죬Ҳû̫⣬ȴܺ棬ƾҵ
Լʰһ飬ȥƾǰȻҡ
ô磬ȥģ
ɫһ٣ƾֲѿڶʿˮŶԾ˵ȥ߾ͻġ
ŰɵĿһۣҲû˵ʲôȴǆµעⰲȫС
ƾǰѾǽӽһСʱˣǵһңֵǣԽţԽ죬ƤҲʱ򲻶˸ֲĸо
ߵǰһݵĵҲİǵһμʱҲڻþյ
˳һߵƾǰȴͣ½Ų˲䣬еҡ
̧ЦЦĹǡ
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һ仰ȴһĪѹȣϤİӣĵײɵø̾һ䡣
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Ϊܺסʲô鶼¶
˵Ҫǿ㻹еüֵķϣãһ˵ô
۵׵ңƾǲϿڵ죬ȴ֮˵Щʲô
ҵĺҡ
ž룬ȴԼ
˵ĺܶԣʲôܹþϲҪûһüֵƾʲôߣ
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ˡ
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ƾüһЦ
Ȼأ
Ҳ֪ҽڿڴ˳ƾǰ
㵹˵˵պʲôϵΪʲôӽҡ


130 һ޶
ƾУ䱦һĸ˺ܾãܾãŽĿٴתҵλá˵˾䡣
ΪԼǱ𣿲Ͷ̥ʱǡһĨҽĻǣܳΪۼҽǵӡ˵þΪʲôӽ㣿
Ļ䣬ǰòαװļǿٴη飬ɫ˲ѩףһɹɲʣԹļӿ۾˱գٴʱѾָ
ѧ֮ǰŴϼǵģƾһ䡣
е飬Ҷڹôãңǵļƻ𣿡
ƾǵһЦŻҵУζ˵˾䡣
ʲô
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ЦˣᶼҪˡ
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ת
һţһӲתȴһ룬ůĻ
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ұĺֻܽܽûӵ
Ҳ̧ͷȴоԼ۾һȡ

Ȼҵᡣ
ұۣûжƾ뽫۾ϣϵˮȫǾ۵˲䣬ȻЦҵ
ô޵ĸСèƵģ͸˵˵㵽ôˣ
ôƦĿǻҵһμ
ǽŵıһЦݣҲ̲ס˫ֻھ䣬ͷš
žС˵˾䡣
лл㡣
СȻûɾҵ⡣
һ룬ɿңҵ֣ҡڵ·ߣʱʱĺ˵ҿģֱ˼ŰҺᱧĶϣѹҵϣȻҾ䡣
ޱȵСң㵽ôˣ
û˵ֻǾž룬ܾãܾãõһǣֱǵҵĴϣŲ

Ұ
Ǻǳǳû룬ֻϸϸڴϿҧǳҶܸܵ۵ĨŨŨۣ𣬺Ǹ⡣
ֱſңַҵϣҵǿһЦſڵ˾䡣
ڿ˵Ϊʲô˰ɣ


131 㰮
ҽž룬ܾãܾãкöö໰˵ɵߣȴ֪ôڡ
Ҳûǿҡֻǽ§ڻУûҡ
ң֪˵һ˵Ҫǲ˵ôҶ˵
һûסٴλ۽ǣȻܾᡣ
ʾ룬µõҲҪĴ𸴡
Ҳʾ룬ƾ˵Щġ
һҽͷ̧𣬺ݺݵĿ룬˵Щʲôȴûκ
뿴ңҲżʮĵĳһֻ֣ҡ
գһûסʾ롣
㰮𡣡
۵һĨԾ·û뵽Ϊտ޳벻ǣһôֱ׵

˱ۣ³һ֡

˲䣬ֻоǧѵͬʱҵࡣ۵һֹסıɫ˲԰˫Ϸʾ롣
ڣ𣿡
ޱĵ˵ͷƭҡ
ɴ˿̵ȴԸ˵ѻƭҡΪҸڣƫƫԼҲá
һҪѣɻȴʧٴѯʾû
ʣ
ʲô

Ϊʲôְң
ǲΪգӽҵ
۵˲䣬ٴνӵ뻳Уҡ
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ûӦɾȴû˾䡣
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һ˵ƾʱһȻûлӦҵķӦõĻӦ
Ц˾䡣
ƾǲǸ㡣߶ϷΪռյĻǣŽӽ㣿
û˵ֻîӾĻ˫ûһ˿
ҶҶ
Ҳױ¶Լĵ뷨ˣȻ̫ױץסߡ
Ƕھ룬Ҳǡ
ɾҴӾ뻳ѳĹ򣬾ٴν§뻳С
ҡ
мֶ
û˵Ѿش֣м
ûƾ׺˵ʲôһ䡣
㻹ǵǰ˵Ǿ仰𣿡
ʲôʡ
˵ָŴϼݣҪ뿪һʱ䡣
뻰˲䣬ɫɷײѣȴʱֲһ䡣
ҹ㿴財
仰֮ǰҲ˵һȴϴκ˵ģ⾳ˡ
ҺȻ֪ͻ֮һˣҲ֪κξֻҪ
˫ֻھ䣬˲䣬Ըܵ˾ϲ
˵ڲܺҽ̫࣬Ҹһʱ䣬
˵뿴ôۣ뿴ݾУ뱣ҡ
˵ңթսҵ֣ߡ
ŵģ׶û̫ĳŵҲûûƭûȴ֪ˡ
ð飬ԡ
һҺ;ӵߣڶ𴲵ʱȴ֣ߴȻˡ
۵˲䣬͵ؾѣӴմ򿪷ȥҾ룬ȴŵһζ
ǡ
緹
ЩԾȴѸٵĽԼϴ˰ˢ˸¥˷ǰ
ֻǼ򵥵һԿžɵͣҵģȴġ
󣬾ط䲹˸֪ԭҴҹѿһ϶û˯Ա߶ҿ
һʱ䣬ҶЩ֪˵ʲôˡ
̾˿ֻ˵磬δӵ绰ͶţǰԼҪһ鰸ӵģȴƾϴĵ绰ˡ
ս绰زұ绰ͷʮҵ˺þãߵ֮
˵ˣ֮ǰһ
Ҳû⣬ҵ֮С
˵ʬոձ֣ҹȥ󽫵ַҡ
ȻԼָݵʱӵ⵵ӵ£ܵðæǡ
οܸоǳġ
ʦ˵ȳɷȻ˵ߵںңҸҿ϶һűȻĹϵ
ɵãԺһɫӰ
ֻΣܸоʶǸŮƵģһرϤĸо
µǣȻҵ̫ǳɲ˺͹ֲɣ
ҿŮģȴķֲ壬ǹ
˵ˣر˵ǹյŵˡ
뿪ǰصػ˷俴ڲľ룬ŴϾĿһûסȥŰѶϣƨƨߵĳš
յװֳ㿴˾Χ˿ֵȺڣɵáĳǿֲ´Ҫ֪˵Ǳɱģֱܡ
ÿߣҴ˽ȥľ춼ʶңҲûңֱװֳߣɲߵ¥ϣȴŵһɹɶĵζŷ֣ǰ참񾯿װֳĵ
ӣȥû¥ҵΰҵ˸֣ݹɲǣ˵˾䡣
ſֻر
˵⻰صָָ¥ŻµǼ񾯡
üῶִϣȴڸȥߣұ䡣
ھʶô³
ҡҡͷ˵ȥۿ֪ˡ
ѵ֮ǰҿͼƬҪģ
䣬Ѿߵ·Ǽ⡣
˲࣬վ˼ҽ;죬ɫ԰׵ĲУҿűʼ¼ֶڷ
ǰЩţɲ̤װֳţұ㱻˱ǶĳζѬθﲻͣһ
ŵζζſζĲǼ־ֵܵ
ŶģҸ˽ȥû߼ұ㱻ĵֱӳˡ


132 ϵ
֮Ҳˣʲôġ
ݺһᣬ߻˰ֳ
ЩĵζǹĶֱϲκ̨档
˵֮ǰ˳ͰرĲ̡Ǳװֳ죬ͷеͰֱҪʴȡٱ
ҸǰȥĹصȴסң˵ոǹ˺üθز
ȥ¥ĵբȰˣеĴŶ˿ֱڴ϶һ䡣
Ϊ±˲δģȫԼķ䣬ȻĺܴΣܹ黹еЧģ
ȥ˲䣬ΧĿʼͨڵϢʱɢȥ˲١Ÿߵ˲ȥǾʬ壬ɸմ򿪲ţұ㱻ŵŵȽһҪҡһƨڵذȥˡ
ӺܸɾŵűõȴĲУϴ̨Աߣƽһʬ壬ʬѾûͷʿĶ￪һһζڿУţȴмϤ
͵ͷһתͷῡ
ûáûã⻨Ź
ῲҡҡͷ˵ûаһ룬ִ῿ѳҺ˶ʱԭء
һζʹŮϵ֬ζֱһޡ
ѵɱ˵Ĳ۵Ůˣ
ӦɲǣѾԸֳˡ
Ͼü¼ģĵĶˣҿҲˡ
Һվڲ⣬Щ񾯺ǹݵææʰֳ˭û˵ɾһǹݵĹԱ˺ɲǣ͵Ʋ֣󣬿ȴ⧲˱µʬڵأֱˤʬǳһĶӡ
ۼֿĽ𣬿ɽԱ˲䣬ȴ͵ط֣ûˣ
һһλŮˣŵֱӴܵߣɾʱھϵȻһһεıӸ˽ȥ
ļⳡʱ˱ŵɫҰײѣеСŮˡ
ڰҵ֣ô죬Ȼûʲôʾɴֻϴ亹ȴܸܵĻš
ô죿
֪ô찡ûⳡҲûȻоܽһȥġ
µǣһĹԱѾûϢ
±ͽŵϢĸӽˣʲˣֱ˹ȥ
ɫ׵ĴӿڴͳŻƷԱͷϣ񾯰ʬȴȥȴ֣ȫŵĺˣûһ˸ǰ
ָ׳ľ죬֤飬Žʬ˳ȥ
ʬǰһЩģһһȷǲᱻණۣŽĿתֳЩվһԺµĻ̾һʹĸһһƷǰҵָʾСĵĽֳʰһ顣
ɹʬͷ˳ȴҲǹݹԱµȥҲʧӰٲ˵ֻھһĤĺۼ
ϴڵһɱֳһӣӾľ飬ҲȥȾˣ˭֪ûﲼʲôһҴʲôۣùĻң
ֳʰ׵Ҵ㳷ʱһЩûסͷһǹľӣɻͷ˲䣬ȴֱӱŵĴ
ӡĵطȻֳŮŲ԰׵ݣ
һ񱻶ԭأžЦЦͷƤҪȣȴ͵ط֣Լɵ
ῷҵӣͷһŴоѣգ۵Ĺٿ澵ӣѾָԭȵӡ
ŮĨɭЦݣȴҵԺ֮С
¥߳һŷ֣Լͱ亹ʪͷϵϣղһů⣬ֻĴ
ȥǹݴʬ壬ڻǰص˶аﳬõʬͷ˰Σɰüһ㣬ʬֱ˿ǽʬɢȥͽȥ𻯡
ⰸҪôģҪô𱣬ȫ˿ڣһʱ᲻ϵϼʬô棬ȻҲ
ǸǹݹԱȴǱˣϸճŹȴΪһʬ壬û˵ʬ壬ĸܲģ
ԲϴĿ޺мֱӳ嵽ǰҪ𸴣ôö˶˵ûˣһô죿
˵͸ģ⿴ȫ̵İӵʿ𸴣οʲôΰ
ĵİЩһСʱֱʬ˳мŹǻҺпȥˣͣЪ˲١
ҿһĻȴ൱ھΣҪ缸Ӧ⣬ȥȡ¾ңһĻͲᷢˡ
Һ˵һúðЩҪʲôϸҴ绰û˵ʲôֻɫұ룬ҵĴҪûװֳ˵ֲᷢ顣
ЦЦȴףЩпǳġ
ΪģͳŮҵ񣬾͹첻ѡ
صСѾٽ͵ԼмŷŴϼļ͵ȥѷȡǰȴһɫӰ
۵ŮӣȻվ·棬ɭԹҷЦ


133 ɫ
ұ񶨸վԭ޷ǳˮ·Ҹһ硣
ŮӴɭЦݳһߵÿһ̤ҵࡣ
̤̤̤
̤̤̤
ŽŲΧ˲䰲Ļʲôˮ
еģֻʣԼĺ
ֱŮӵӰվǰԹҲ׵ľ룬ҵڷЦŷӦˣȴԼĽŸĲˤŮֽҷסҵΡ
ִϵ˲䣬һ˸
Ժֻһ֣䡣
ֻľմӱĺˮ̳Ƶġֱ͸·ҵļ
Сıˤˡ
ֵ˲䣬ʮļϸĨЦݡǰŵͷƤ顣
ڰ˫ֽգî˵ȴںֵ˲еĵȫɢ
ֶŮں˻ջǵǸСŮ
Ȼϵйģģ˵Щˬ̧ۿ۵ûη塣
ҺһϵûС
ŮһǶʱһĨЦ̧ĨҵȴһƲ
úͻջء
Ʋ֣Ҳû⣬ԹԵ˵һǰǱĻȴһֵ˾䡣
ϧ˻Ĩ
仰ʱףŮһͻգ;ǵǰйء
߲Ƶ˵վڻǱߵġ
Ȼһٹ£ԼСһСĶˣû˻һصġ
ӴСƢͦģһôƵĺ˵ҵЩˬҲ֪ǲǱŴϼҶֱӷ˸ۣǺһ˾䡣
ٹ£ҾͲܣȥʺȥ𣿡
Ůɫ˲һ䡣
㣡
˻յĻǣǴֱɡ
һŮľ䳶ϻգʱҲƢķһ飬˸
κŮӵǿת˲ֱӱһֽţ·Ҫֹ
㲻ң
Ůӵ˲佫ҵת˹ȥǿӣû˵ϵĲмɲõĻӦ
ŮһƤЦⲻЦҾ䡣
ôĪҲ
Ҳ֣ҧʮؿڣֱӽӪ
ҲɵȻҳϹգҲɻճô겻ɢ֮⣬ûʲô˺ҵ飬ȥ˼Ҹ
üͷһѧŮӵЦЦ˾䣬ޡ
⻰Ÿ䣬ȴɭɭЦˣЦ˵ѻ˵Ұ˾룬ɾңֻлգôܲ޻գ
һǿнԼ˼ҵͷ϶ʱͲˣˮսú취ѣȴֱϵı飬ҪҪ˵ֻҪѻĹĹײĻˣյûˣĻǼ룬Ҳʱܱ˴顣
Ů⻰˵꣬˲ˣҵڻأ
ǺЦȻûʲôʾɴӿ˵Ļȴί˲٣ϾŮӲֵĹ죬ɱ˵ַ൱ء
þ뵱˽ڣ˵ҪҰѾİŮ˵ʬˣǾҪɱң
ŮȴݺݵĻһ䣬Ůû٣ҲɱңҲǾۼջǵһӣ뼯ջǵ˶ɱң˵ĵ˾ѣҪǲĻԺ
ò˵⻰ǲȵҵʹ
밮գҲ
Ȼ⣬ûŪ֮ǰѡž롣
˼Ҿ붼û˵Ǿۼջǵӣƾʲô˵ˣ
ǼŮҲҲôԻˣҵ˾бɫҪ
󣬻رٹ¡
µ˲һһ۵ʱǰĻбɫӰ
еģֻʣҺǲð亹
ϵļ˲Ůأֹ쵽У˵ǶǼٵġ
ԼǲұĵһҲû˻Ŵϼ÷ʣֱӴ˾ҡ
򿪼ŵɲǣޱȵĿ͵һ
أ
ȴڿƵɲǣֱӱ뱧
һ룬ұصˤɳϣֱϣ˫ֳҵ࣬Ҳ׵ľҡ
ȥôŻ
ҲɵüզоǸޱȵľһҹ֮һȥڵСƵģ
û˵㡰
ü
䣬ұֱӺҵľҪǲ˵Ŀҡ
һ룬æЦƵ׾촽˵˾䡣
ھǰĸüһǴ˿ˣԣ˲ῴһСô˱顣
ɾȴƫƫƣģǵûкתɫˡ
ռұˡ
һûӦһȴֱ
Ҫռ

ҴӾħץѣѾǰСʱ֮ˡ
ұ׵ͨ죬ƨƵɳϣȴһһߣһۣһĿǹ顣
Ҳ֪Ȿ鵽ʲôܿڷⱾ飬ϰⱾȴֱӷ飬Ŀתҵϡ
㲻˵ʵ𣿡
ƽϲǱȴҾСһһʾ롣
ʲô
ȴһüëҳһ
ôأûкʲô߰棬ţ
ɲǼ䣬۵׵ĳ͹Ҳزס


134 
ɫһ̫ѱɫ;˵ϾҲܶң
Ȼôңƾʲôһ԰ʲô¶˵԰ɣ
šôһ죬̹е鶼ÿ˵
ҡҡͷ˵ûʲôˣȴ˾һ⡣
˶˵ӽΪ˼յĻǣԸ㡣Ҫһ죬ǧָһ죬˶˵ҵĲã˶Ҫɱҵʱվ𣿡
һ㶣·û뵽һʱ⣬һ֡
ᡣ
ҵģǶʾ롣
ǻҪɱأ
ɱ˭ɱ㡣
ʵĻһʱĪ
ʲôлɱ˭ɱң
ΪҪұ
仰ûʳڣȴұôˣҰͷϵ㴦áָŴϼݡ
˸Цû˵ʲôָŴϼݣҲ밡һָŴϼݣҪˡҲҪصƾߡ
Դ֪ƾݵ棬ĵ˾⣬ºƾӴ
׻˵úãҧ˵ĹУƾصô˭֪᲻ڱͱһ
˵Ҳ֣ԴǼɱͣЪ֮Ҳ֪ΪҲ£ΪǵɱˣҲûɱ˵ĲҰ
ֱ
ϣῸҴ˵绰绰ʮִæӵ绰ͷҶῺµĿǣңвӵˣ϶̶ͬȵĳʬߡ
һʱһæ˿ԼϣȷԼûȾʬһû˳¡ȴҡ
Ҳˡ
ֱҪ޳Ƶģ˵ֶˣʲô鶼鲻⵽ô¡
ȱ𼤶һ¾ˣϾ͹
;кæܵ˾֣ŵһ˲䣬һɹʬ˱Ƕžŵˣʱһ
Щ˻ã̫ԣЩ˵ʬ߶Ѿվ˲ϣɫ԰׵ķ࣬ʬ塣
֮ڣȻ⵵£ǰŵĲᡣ
һرǿװֳǹ¶֣ʱҵ˾ݻɣȫӵϣֻûҴȿˣԼҪ¶ܾȵǣ
õ̵İ취Ǽһ飬ȷǵĻû壬ϵյڣ̾һȱţ취
ӦôӦģʲô취
ýָͷ뵽ЩǱɫĹǱɫҸͲ֪жͣܲ䵽ȥæɣ
ǲæѲȥҾ룿
˵ģԴӱӵԽԽҵ飬ԽԽԼǿܴһС
ţȥʦ˸绰û뵽ǣʦȻҾ䡣
ȥǱɫ̸̸£ɶ
ɶ
ôŮģôܲ£
˭ȥұɫ֮⣬˵֧ˣû˵ֱӰҸˡ
Ҳֻˣ
ȥϴȴ͵ط֣ϳ˺ɱֳһŵ͵һˣɾں˵˲䣬ɫֱӳ֮ϡ
ɭԹɫҷЦǹޱȵЦСһһֱҽķֱӳž˹ȥľӸ˸飬Եֹͣ
ɾҴȥʰɲǣľﲻӿֳѪ⾵Ⱦ˺ɫ
ɫľӰҪж죬ҸܣȴŲԭǾǲǳˡ
ɴҲߵǰľӵ˲䣬ȫɫ԰׵ĲУеСŮֱӱſ
һôұ£ֵĲһ飬ȷֻæôҰѲˡ
ɾڷɲǣһϣҵһ߾ʬ塣
֮ǰЩʬһģһӱʿɢһأﳤһ
ɫ˰ףŴҰʬ֮ȴβѡ
ҲΪʲôɱ˵ġȻìͷָ򾯲֣ȴ׵ĺܡ
ɫǳġ
ҽϵʬߴãȻΪұɫɱ
ò˵ɫıȳ̽ݵĶࡣ
ҪֱƵһôңô£Ҹ޷Щ޹Ҷ
뿪֮Ҹ˸绰
벻Լٴϵ
绰ܿ챻ͨˣ˭û˵ֱ֮
ɫ𣿡
Ÿ䣬ȴĵ˾䡣
С˵𣿡
һ⻰ʱҲЦˣС壬Ҳ
ûǽղһ飬Цҵȵȣֻ˱ɫ
ɫ绰һɲǣֻойֱ͸ֱֻҵģҲֻˡ
𣿴Һˣ
Ļ䣬ҲûشֻǶ˵˾䣬ҪԸҾͳ޹ˡ
󡰺ǡһұ˸˵ҪǸһȥǱܷŹЩ޹ˣҪûǵȥЩˡ
˵⻰˾䡣
ǾˣҲȲЩˡ
ҶʱһĲ㱬ֿˣȴԽԽǱ꣬Խļıӵ⡣
´Σͬİ취вңͬץҵߡ
ҲɵԼһȥ͵뻢ȥ
Ҹ˵Щʲôȴ˾䡣
סֻһŶ
仰˵ֱ꣬Ӱҵ绰ˣ


135 ӭ
£ֱԭأѹʦ˵ȣɷСģԭɷǱɫ
绰˵£¾뷴ԣһʱ֪ôźá
ʱῸҴ˵绰˵ǾصѾֻ״ô죬ܹܲȥ
ݺһҧ῱żѾȰٺãа취ҵϢ
Ҷϵ绰֮ұ˱۾ֻ˿ڴȥ˱ɫҵǸַ
ɫҵĵַһŽ֡Žֺܳһͷȴķ˶꣬һ紵س
վڹŽߣҸֻɫ绰ģȴյһš
ܲ֪һ
ɣ㡣
һţʱظȻ棬ܳ
Ÿոձ༭꣬㱻ֱɾˡ
ڲһĹŽ֣̾һ
ķһգ̤˽ȥ
ɾ߽ŽֵһɲǡޱȵĽֵȻÿÿĴʮֳ¾ɣϲĴԵù첻
СڹŽţʱʱϴÿ紵ʲô˴߾Ƶǵֹס˺ü
ֵʮֿͬʱʮ˲磬ɾôĴֻ֣һߡ
սսҲ֪жãͷʱ·ǰȴ͵һƺһɫӰɵҽͷתȥɲǣĨɫӰֱʧ
ɫģ
һûסֱӿڹŽﺰűɫ֣ҵĻŸ䣬ƵģҶԻص
һ磬ĹŽϵĴһֻֻȫҡҽŵЩţȴڹŽϵĵʱһֻֻɴ˫Ŀͷ
ұͻһĻŵýһһƨֱˤ˵ذϣɵҸٴνĿתЩʱȴȫָԭ
ǰɫӰӣҾ޷׽ӰӾġ
ʱһһĹȥվԭأܵĶһᣬԺȻŵ
ŽЩӾȻԶ˴ţ
ŵɲǣһ֮ΪֲģǼҼһĴȫһľײġ
ЩײľƵģÿײĵĵײиֽȥڤ֣ټϿкȻֽңԵù֡
ɫ㵽ҪԼ̸е𣿡
Ҳ̲סîſﺰźȴ֮ǰһУӦ
ҽסеķûߵͷɭޱȵĹŽ뿪ȴĵ
ֻһǹŴӭ׵Ķ飬ǰ˴Źģм˰̧̧Ÿӣӵļ́ŵȴǸƷȴξĺľ餡
ҿЩٽĿתӭ׶ɲǣԺжʱ֡
ӭס
ŵֱӶһԵһ˼棬Ȼ˼ߺĹײҵĺ󱳣ɱֻӭ׶˵ȴС׼ˡ
ֻӭ׶飬󱳲ϵðۿֻӭ׶Ҫҵǰ߹
ɾʱΧȻһ磬ǰ̧νϵ˿̧ŮӲ԰׵ݶʱӳҵС
ⲻǡ
һֱǸĻ
ûҷӦƺǲҵĿ⣬Ӳͷ­תͷһۣǹЦȻûɫô׺ݣȴͱɫһޡ
ֱֻӭ׶ʧǰɲǣһ⻧˼߳ҺȻоԼһƺʲôҵ
ʿˮҽŷعͷ˲䣬ֱӱɫɭԹŵˤ˵ϡ
Ȼɫĳҵ
ǼҵǺǵЦ󡰺ġǰֽҴӵק
קҵ˲䣬һֱӴҵֱ࣬չֻ˲ĺͱƵġ

ӲͷƤȿڣɫǲشңϵҷЦЦұ͸˵ĺ󱳣ʱ˼Ƥ
ҴδȻŮ˻ֲ
ôСʲôҺ
ɫȻڣЫɭ
û˵ֻǽԼǰϳȥֱ뿪⻧˼ҵżſ
˵ɣܷŹЩ޹ˣ
ɫվԭҼۣ̤Ž˫ɫһĸ߸Ьߵҵǰ
˵ˣҾͻŹЩ޹𣿡
һ⻰ʱˣûŹЩ޹ˣýƭģ
ˣ
ȴֻţΪ֪ǾˣһܾȾˡ
䣬ɫ˿εĵ˵ͷԹЦݸŨˡ
Χգ۵ĵ׺˿̵һӵħ˺£ȴ޷ѡ
ŭĻϷմӿڴͳƷ˲䣬üͷ٬һֱңǽҸոͳĻƷֱӵҵƷ˺ˣ
ĻƷҲóۣ
һ仰׵ȼеŭ⡣

˲䣬һ˦һܣȴµĶԭء
ãƾ㣬ͣҲҶ
˵䣬ֻ˺һƷֺݺҵ°֮ϣſֱֲֵӶ׼ҵǰ
κδ˿̵Ҹˣֻ˫ߺĶϡ
ʱôˣҪ֪ء
ҵЦãһӣԺȻɫɷףֽһġˡҼ
ɫѲҰ׵ĲУƤϷѪŮңȴңʲôɣ޷Ѫ


136 ո
һѪŮ޷Ѫʱ
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137 ղ
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ŵ˲䣬ҽѪŮ˳ŻɱȻңŵĺ˺üֱ˼ɱŲһ䡣

ҶͷЦݣȴ鶼¶
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ѪŮһͷ˵֡
Ĺ
µ˲䣬˼ĵɴ˫ۣܣҡ
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ҵͷû˵Լ벻νĹȻԼһˡ
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һѪŮ⻰ԼЩͷԣȻ˻˵ңͳֻ绰ֻȴֱˡ
ˣȻʦ


138 չײ
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վԭʬ˺þãȷûʲôΣˣźѪŮһۣСǰƿ˸ϵǲһ
Ҳ֪ղ۵Ķǲǻعⷵգ˿ҽƿùңƵİĶ˸飬ֱȷ˽֮ûĶҲ˿Ŀת˽档
ѾǵһμˣϴҵͼɾǴʦҵĽģޣ̽ǵķӦУҲԿĹͼġ
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139 ʵ
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ѪŮĺȣӦɻ¾ǱʲôƵģκ
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ԽЩţԽЩɵ𣬼ȻôϲգôϲǰΪʲôһϳң
ôЩ⣬̾һż·Ȼῷġ
һʲôʱܹȥѾ˿Ҫˡ
ڶǲǳʲô飬żǵûظ
ȻǸң˵þˣҾǵľȻѾ˵δ
ĶҶܸܳ𾪣ɵ̾һû¾ͺãҪһʱ䣬Ҫϵңֻ˻ֻγŴϼֻ˽ȥ
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ǲвˣ
˸۸㲻֪㲻֪ҵ𣿡
һЩŶ˶٣ҡ
㡣


140 ƾ
һƬߣʿˮԾ˵֡
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䣬Ϣ˲һ٣ŷӦҸ绰ĺ뾹ȻŴϼġŻָ˵ҡ
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ƾҲûǿĶҼԺʧ֮ĻҪ뿪ҲҪϵĵˣرĵİȥ
ܸоԴõϰҴк֮ƾ֪Ҳǵһ֮󣬺˵Щֵֹġ
ֱֱ˷ɻɻ䣬ҵĽ̤ϣһŶųմҵȴ˺ݺһգ̧ͷ˾Űٰ㲻ˬĿһ仰û˵ֱӰ˻һ룬ֱӱ˳
ŵңһѽҴӳקݺݵˤ˴ϣ˫ֳҵ࣬Цǽһƣһа
СóӲˣţ
һҧгݵģʱһ亹Цȴ͵طӦ
ʲô
뺰ңСã
ʲôʱȡô֪ҵɫһڣǸޱȵٴ
ڻ
䣬ұ㱻ŵɫһĻҺڸֱЦĸ仨ƵģȫȻԼŴϼĲУ
ͦϲСֵġ
һ룬ͬʱȾһĨŨŨЦ⡣
žſһûס˫§֮ϣֱӡȥ
һʼֻǳǳµģ˭֪ҵǸһȥ㻯Ϊһֱҵ䣬һֿҵĺ֮ϣݺݵĽȨ˹ȥ
ҽھгֱһ紵ŷ־뾹ȻԵʱɿңһ˫ϷʵӲ϶ҷЦ
ҵɫʱһ죬ҪԱиضֱȥɾôεʱ򣬾뾹Ȼҵߵ˲
ˮҸΪǾһûסȥˮ裬ȴֱӴӲ߳ҴӴϱһѰҶԡ
ôڴ𣿡
۵ĨЦһֱϵĸоԡȴ͵طԡˮͽԼʪˡ
µĶʱ¶ţɫһѾƳȻͷҲصֱˣ
ǽһֻڶѾǺ
ȻŴϼǳ˵㣬ҪƨƨɣҪأĲˣ뾹Ȼֱתˣ
Ҫ֪ȡܰѾGay뵽һȥ
һҹ򶷣˹壬ĹѨ˵Ĺ˺һᣬĿԣҸհԼϴɾԡ߳ɲǣȴ͵ط֣ԡû뺰ë
ԡŰˡ
СĴţŰٵİԼã߳ԡҵɲǣѾڴϿǱʱϵĹ顣
Ҵǰ鼸ۣҲûƼʲôر𣬸ʾڿʲôȴⱾ£һ⡣
Сãͼ𣿡
һͼʱ£
ͼ
ͷⱾҵУָָһСͼ
пͼ
дõĲִ֣Щƫ׹ģͼ͸˵ˣҵоƵģҸͿɵã˾䡣
ʲô鰡
һĻ֡
ʷ顣
ͬʱҵֻȻҸհֻһ־ȻƾĶš


141 
ƾҷ˵ҪĹˣҲ֪ܻҺúõٺ;Ӵ
ǹð˵Ѿͷһ飬˵ϲɣ塣֮Ļ
ҲſţҪôأȴоԼӺһͷһЦЦı飬Ҷʱһ˾䡣
ϵģ
롰šû˵ɿҵĿȴԽԽˣҸϽຣ;˵һ飬û˵ɫǺÿ˲١
ҹźȥͼ飬ңҪû´ĻͼӦڳɽʷѾǧ꣬ǵλþʱǨѾʮģˣҪȥͼҪһ
󡣶˶٣ʾ롣
ͼһϣһϣҪǳɽһͼˡͼôôࣿ
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ͼмΪͼӡŹͨͼٻټǸͼߣ¡Ĵ˵˶õ
ǻأպͼʲôϵ
ץᣬò˾䣬˭һŸ䣬ĴһۣΪʲôôǰգ
ɫһû뵽ңݺݵԼ˼ſڴȤ
ղɰ˽˽ôˣ
Ÿ䣬ȴֵɫһ䣬֪ôشˣĻشҲǲ֪
֪պͼʲôϵ
һشȴĲ֪ǲ˵
Ҳûʣ;ӵߡŵڶһȥɽ컹ûȴһֻ֮ͣûѾҵĴŶˣ
Һ;¥ŵɲǣֻǱ˾Ҵſڡ
Ǳãģȴ˺Ƶģûǰ˳ᢵģ
һҺ;Ӽ߳͵˵䣬ŵһɹŵľζǵú˶پƣ
֪𣿡
ĿһֻۣûԼǰӳȥ
ԼֶŮԼҲ𣿡
䣬ΰѵĻһ䡣
ҡҲˡ
Ȼ֪ǰһУƶΪ˻գûǰļ䣬ǰƬûĴڣԶӣϲ
仰˵꣬뿴ĵ˵ͷ
ҲǣܰԼֶŮ׷ɱôҵõ
˲䱻Ǻͨ죬죬Ǻһ䣬ȴþ˵
һ룬ֱӽŹϣһȥʰ׼ȥɽɾҺ;սʰŵɲǣȴӰվſڡ
˿̵ѾѴ룬ž룬Ծ˵˾䡣
հ㣬ɱ㣬Ҳ֪˻ջǵϲ㡣
仰˵꣬˱۾ƽѵļ˾䡣
Ҫ鷳Һ˵Բæתգ統ûб
ھΣȴҸǰʲôĸ˶
ķֵһ⧲ıǾĸУ˵ۣһۣһߵǰҲ֪Ķ˵ЩʲôĿ⽥ľ
;˵ЩʲôɾȴȫȻûֱӽһأͷҲصˡ
ֱ˻ʾ롣
ղź˵ʲô
仰ʳڣǵЦŨˡ
˵ЩڵĻ
ôʣǲ׺˵Щʲôֻ̾˿ա
ֱ¹ȥ˺ܾãҲ֪˵ʲôܰδٳ֡
ɽڼ֣ʮǧҺ;ڷɻ˺þúþãֱɻ˵أ֮ǰǺ˵ûŴϼʱҪȥһ
ĬƵģûʣҲûᣬֻð⻰ĵס
·ɻʱѾǰҺ;ֻܵɽҼҾƵЪϢ
Ҳ֪һ˲֪ˣôǮȻһǼƵͳ׷ĲС
ҸһʾôǮȴһ⡣
㻹ǵó𣿡
ҵ˵ͷ˵ǵãһʼھǸСƨ
ңͳ̵ĸĸ˵ҵ㻨Ǯ
ǳ۷ھװˡ㻨Ǯ
ǺҵǺܾûˣǵõʱ˵þһ
ʾ⵵£ǻƵĿģȻһ˾䣬Ļ̺ĸҲ֡
һ⻰ʱɴ˫ۼĲУһ뵽˵ǲĻʱˮԴϡ
ʿˮС˾䡣
ʲô⣿
ȴüЦһ
ûʲô⣿
ҹѾˣ߸߹ڴ⣬˼¹ǡ˾ϣ϶˲⣬ر΢΢Цݣǰҿˡ
ɾȴʱ˵ҵԴ˵˾䡣
ҪҲ˯ĻҲ֪ʲô
仰ŵģ䲻Ĵ˸Ŵʾ롣
ʲô
ۣƵȻĿһۣ΢΢
֪ġ
һ仰װŵİ˲٣һ뵽ڶҪ̵ĸĸȴЩߡ
Ͼô˧СкĸӦҲʮֲİɣ
һҹΣڶ𴲵ʱѾʰ׵ҰԼһ飬Ÿž˳ɽ
ţҺ;붼˳ɽ£ȴû˵еĳ̸ĸ
ȴ˵˾䡣
żġ


142 ͼ
ֱҺ;뼸Ҫ̤鳤ɽȴһҰëǮӰӶûʱ˴ξ롣
ò˵˰ɣ
ҡͷȴڴʱͣ˽ŲʱҲŷ֣Һ;뾹ȻѾߵɽ
һ·ݵɽķ˪ܴ󣬿վǰľȴһΧ·Ϊһ塣
Ҹ˵ЩʲôԺкȻֳ˻¹һĻ
¹ĵص㣬Ҳǳɽ
ɵã͵صɴ˫ۣܸо֮ʲôϵ
ɾȴʱָָ͵ɽ壬ҡ
пʲô𣿡
ҵͷ˵Уվһ֣һɾ緶һӵĳ嶯
ɫһڡ
ƨ
ЦЦȴû߾룬ûƨĿľ룬˾¡
ϵǡʱȻ֣һ㣬ҵĶ巽λġ
һ⻰ɫһ٣æ˾䡣
Ҳ̫ᣬ˾֡Ҳϰ
ɾȴν˵û£㿴֣
ӲͷƤ˸֡
Ҳ֪Ϊû֡ΪҪĶЩѣֵʱ൱ֱʱĸ֧̣̣Źţǣȫȥȷû⣬ҲŰõľø˾뿴
ҿ㲻Ͼ𣿡
ȴֻۣҵַŵҵǰ
һĶԾ롰ߡһϸϸĽԼעתƵľϡ
ɳϵǣҲŽעתиľ֡ȴԭأ
ƾ˵ҪҶǷ֣ʮа˾ŲɹټʮѿѿҶЩ̫˼;˵Ľˡ
һ飬üͷһҡ
ôˣ㲻𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ǣָеľŹеһλ
λָҵĶĹλΪͼķ븻˼ϱߡΪӦΪ˼ϱߵĵɽ塣
šҼ
ʿˮԾ˾䡣
ͼĹλް˹˼ǣͶʧǱ˵ˡ
һüһܿʲô˵ߵ
ҵͷָָһλ
ʱް˹޹Ϊ࣬Ҫû´ĻӦһӣţΪסһ˼Ӧûһλ¸أеλӣټĹλ죬еԴ̫һˡ
Ҹհ⻰˵꣬ȴЦˣһЦţҳϱߵɽȥ
Щ⣬ʾ롣
ϲʾ˵𣿻ȥ
˵⻰ʱһЩģϾԼжԼ֪ˮƽ˭Ҳ֪׼׼
ɾģȴΪĲ׼ҳǱȥǡ⡣
һû뿪ʾ룬ȴҡ
ûãʾ͵ͼˣߵ˭Ƚ񣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ûУûУ
ϾԼߵˣƵģ˵˻˵Ҷ塣
ЦЦҵĲصط˼ڿϸܿʲô
ϸĿ˿ʱ޹ոɶ빬ΪҵĹλոΪͼ빬ոͬ˼ͼпܣҵС
ǼΪƶҹӸΪɹ񣬲סΪףϳ䶯빬ոˣƲ֮ࡣ
Ѿģ
ȡͼеģȻͼˣ
пܻᱻ
һ֣ʱԼϹˣ
Ȳ˵Ǿ䴫˵ͼ£ͼôǿ˵˭޼֮ôܱˣ
Ҹհ˵ȴꡱһЦ˳ЦǽһĻŻţɫһףܸоڳЦҡ
ѵҲˣ
Ų˶٣ͷһۣҡ
Ҳʲô˼
ҲԼ˰
ұ⻰Ĳûͼӱˣ
ݺݵ˳˺üҶԾ˾䡣
ûС
ǲˣûĹѨͼûʧ˭֪û԰ɣ
뿪ڱǰôôǹϷŪң
̾˿Ժ󣬸žϱߵɽﶵһȦҵѩʯŵʱɫѾɽ϶ʱһƬžΧѩ׵һƬο͵ӰӶ
ƮڿУ͵ľҺĿʮֺ䡣
ھͽȥ𣿡
ҿڵ˲䣬ȴѾʯűǿ鱮ϵѩ˸ɾ
ʯܴ󣬿ʯȴһֶûУЩϵʯƵģʯЦ൱ãͣٶûУһҵֳǰʯȥ˲䣬ʯŸ˿
ʯƿɲǣһɹʪ˱ǶŵĸζʮţҲӦӣȴѾһ̤˽ȥ
Ȼ֪˭Ĺɲ̤ܵǰδйŨ۾ЩˣǾϵϢһţ·ΪγһȦУĹѨలµš
ţȴȻ𣬾벻˵һһ
հʳڣȴָָǰǼӡ˾䡣
ⲻ𣿡
һ⼸ӡʱЩ죬ǣҺ;ĻҪ磿
ҷ㶵˲䣬ԺȻǳתֻ¡¡¡¡ûҷӦб㲻Ͻݣݣݡ
ҲŽͷ̧𣬾Ȼֻ֣Һ;ķļⳡ棿ʱɵԭء


143 ī
һѽһ󣬻Ѹٱǣ˲ûһѳµĽЩǽϷɳĳȫ˻ȥҵҸϡ
žֶʱ˴Ӧɲǣʱս֣ƨƨߵĸ˾
Ҳ֪һ⻹⣬ȻҡڵĹѨԵĽӡͣӡǶûУһŵĳǰߡ
ȾЦҸ⴮ӡ
ĹѨĽṹеǸʷսʱڵĹѨһЩƷͭͭһȥҹƶܷˡ
رǿĹѨÿʯ϶Ƕ˿ҹ飬Ҹ뽫ҹóȥǮ
ͷұһĿ룬ָָʯϵҹ顣
ɵƵĿһۣ˾ӹףվǵ춹ģµİ˿ҹһ˱
ƤĶԾͷžߣȴһŲϤ
ҸջͷȴСүһ˵ҵżĨȴûţ
ﲻżҹèӣһЩȫһգҶʱ˸ۣ⵽ͼĻٵģ
Ҿ֪Ůϲҹ顣϶Сүġ
һ룬̿ڣƴָָʣϵҹ飬Ҷʱһֱˣ
Ҿ㲻жܿĳĹѨϵҹûǼֵǮ
ֱԱߴһĿҺͳ֮ĻҸתͷȥ룬ȴ̧ͷ˲ֱӽԭء
վڳŮӺӣӦþĸĸ˰ɣ
ŮȻŸӣ¶Ϣȴ˸оǳ£òݣһòǣ뻭
˵ʲôŮӣֻ˰ɡ
ɾγȾ׳ɰأͦΣš
ٿӣɫŮʱ¶ĳ磬κŮӼˣΪֹĽ
ӣ͸Ƿ信ں˵ɫŨܵüͦıǣĴΣһŸ߹š
Ũܵüë𣬳΢Ľë£һ˫¶һ峺۾Ӣͦıõ廨һ۵촽аƤ
ټǻȻɵʣһۣо֮ӣ̳֮ӿȴʧԵ;һȣֱѷ£
Ȼվһλ˲Ⱦ׳ȾŮӣȴ㲻ʧͻ˾ãһԡ
۳̣һɫֱӵС棡
ֱٴΡҾ䣬աŷӦҵʧ̬εЦЦЦݻû濪ȴֱӽԭء
̣ôϳҵģ
Ҫ֪ڿŴϼûͳ̼棡
ȴһģ˵˾䣬иŮվھ߲ȥѾץ˻ս㣬˭
Ļ䣬ûҿ˵һԵŮӺȻ˿ڣ˵СӲ£ұȥ
ҵ˵ͷЦЦ֪ôӻȴֱӿӡ
ī׺ղŰһ𣿶ҵ𣿡
īͷ˵ˣ벻˵ĹȻб˸Ҵ
ǵĶԻУҵ֪ʮа˾Ƕˣ֮ǰѾµˣ˭ĹѨ
ŮӾȻ׺ǧһ׺׺ֻ
һ룬ȻĿתҵϣҰ̯ѸղŶϵľ˵˵⻰ʱ򣬾һرӾһűĿҰˬѡ
Ҹս˵󣬳īû˵ʲô׺ȴ˾䡣
ȷΪƶҹӸΪɹ񣬲סΪףϳ䶯빬ոˣƲ֮ࡣᱻǮ𣿡
һôרҵİ˵Ļһ飬ΪǲҲоҶϴ˾֣һȴһҪǮ򵥣Ǯ
ҶʱŮŵһһ㶵ģһԵĳȴŨŨһĨĳųīķ£˼֡
׺״һɨ̵ϣŵƨƨܻߣ׺Ȼ˸ǡ
ףľˡ
ҶʱһӸ׵ɾȴѼֲֵսҵ֣ųīһһȦÿ·ĹѨʱȴֳһСģɵģĹѨṳ̂ȥһҸӺĹѨŵĵ׻˭
Ҫ֪Һ;ʶôãɴûɵ˭Գǣ붼̫۵ס
ī⸱Ⱥ۵ģҲҿۡ
Һ;ʶôãǵһμгƾ֮ѡ
뿪ĹѨ˲䣬ҾȻӿܵ˼˿صħϢЩħϢȻĺܺãȴǱ¶ҵС
Ҹ뿪ʾ룬ȴҡꡱһȳȥ˵
ĹѨ߳ʱѾǵڶˣҲ֪ǲǳķ֣ǰĹѨҹһţ˵Ǹܽһս㣬´ҪҳŮ㡣
һ⻰ʱĶҹˣһöҹ飬ֱǷֱ˾Ƶ꣬ŰѸղĹѨʵĻʸ˾
Ĺŵ˭
ôоħϢ
ͷһۣҡ
֪֪֪̫಻̫á
Ļ䣬ҵɫ˲䲻ˬķ
ǺɫһţŰĹҡ


144 ȥ
벻ǣ뾹Ȼӻϱ¹˵
ңⱲֻΣһΪʦԭ£һΪƾһΪԼ
ΪԼʱ򡣹ľǳɽǸĹѨˡ
һ⻰ŵĲûӴˤȥ
Ҫû´ĻĹŵĿħ
ϱӸж𣬲ŻԹԸħĽ£
ɾ˵⣬ȴû˵ȥˣҹֹɺϢ£һһ
ʾ룬ǲǻ֮Ҫߣ
⣬ѾܾˣҪڲʳҹܷˣ
󣬡š˵ȥȥҲ֪ҪȥãԼСĵ㣬ٺƾӴһ㡣
˵ƾƺʲôصۣǳĶ˵˾䡣
ҪСĹԳǡ
žһζҲ̲סֱЦЦ𣬾ֱӺһȦЦݶʱ˻ȥæԾЦ
˵ʲôʲô
ֱĵʱ̡ҵԸ֮ǰϢʧԼİȥָоʵ̫ʹˡ
£κ;ķֱ𣬻
һûסֱǰӾݺݱס
Ҫ𣿡
ûлͷֻǡšһҲûȥ
ұܾãܾãõԼûŶ˵˾䡣
Ҫǳ£ȥҳīϵʽҷڷˡ
ƺ˵⣬ʲô˵˾ڳɽľֺп׼ˣ⻹пһݾͼڵĿӣСһ㣬֮ǰǧ
ʵġšһŴʾ롣
뿪ȥñ𣿡
ǡ
赭д֣ǲңҪȥ
̾˿ɿ˱žֵ֣˲͵תܻ˾ңŵһɲǣ͵ش۽ӿ
룬ҵҿ財
һھ˺ü죬˾˻ƵģججĹţҲûңûϵңҪÿóԷ˯ãھһʬ⡣
̼˼ԳûӰƾƻڻĹûгˣ벻ҵĴڣҸʦ绰ҵôڸС
绰˲䣬Ҿ䡣
˳ɽ
仰Ȼʾ䣬ȴ൱϶Ȼ󣬽˵ĹȻûоȻĴĹѨˣ˵ҽɽʱ˸֣Ͽǳˣҽȥʱ˭
Ҹհѳī׺˵ˣʦȻ˵˾䣬ҪڣǾͲΪˡ
ʦī׺䶼˵ԽԽ棬뵽׽˸ţƵѣ
ҽԼڳɽǾ˵ʦ׼׼ȴ˾;һĻСĵ㡣
룬ʦ˵ĻҪ˼ϢԼСĵ㣬ĹѨĶܰȻߵ˲ˣ˶ܻȥĹѨö
пܣѾˣʲôԭѷӡ³Ϸȴܶࡣ
˵⣬кȻֲ죬ʦ
ħ˭Ȼôˣ
ʦȴûش⣬ֻ˵ǧκ֪ҵݣ˭ԲУ˳㶣˾䣬Ҫߵκˡ
һʦ⻰ʱɫһʡ
أ
ʦ˾䡣
Ҳǡ
ǡʦأʡ
ʦһ㶣ȴһ˾䡣
һ
ҵ˲˰أʦȴңǾԲܺҵģҲҪ̫
Ҫһ⻰ܺʦڶأڵȴ൱ʦ˵⻰ʱ򣬱κʱҪ档
ʦ֪Ϊʲô뿪𣿡
ü죬ҶҲһߵ㣬˿Ҳ̲סֱӰ׸ʦ
ʦ˵Ҳ֪Ÿ䣬ʦŶݼ㵽
ʦҾ䣬ˣʾǿת֮ǿ㲻ľһģһ
ɾԽҾԽǺ棬ʦȴȰңұܾ£벻ްյ£Ҳû顣
šʦûҶ˵绰
ҹڴϷȥԺ˸žĳֻоŲȥ죬ԼҪƵġ
˼ֱħ˺һһϵ֮ȥ
ֱҶҪ˯ȥˣֻȻ˴ͨ绰˷ܵĽֻ𣬿ƾʱǱһ亹̾˿Ž绰
ƾһ仰ҡ

ҡ
Ҹ
ҡ
ȥʲô֣
һȥ¥ˡ

ƾʱھңҲҪҹ˼Ҽҡ
һ⻰Ϣ˲һ٣ƾ
ҹѵ𣿡
ƾҪġš˵νĹȻĹѨûȥͱ棬մӻĹûһᣬ˸绰˵иصĴӽһֵңµͼ
ңǸոմĹѨóͼ
Ŷ֪˵Щʲôƾȴܵǲǳʲô飬Ϊʲôһؼһ˺Ȼ˸Ƶġ
һ⻰ʱһŷӦ֮ǰŴϼƾϵõļֱܴһӡ
æӣƾ˵ˣԼ·ûøðˣûʲô£롣
ҵĻŸ䣬ƾȻֱһھϾ͹
˵ֱӰҵ绰ˣ
һֻ̤˶Ȼǲģر˷۱


145 ͼ
ڼƾСʱſ˾¥¡
ƾ򿪳ŵһɲǣһûüôôȴ߶˾˵·ǲֱˣȥƵɽȥ·ߵİ̲ǿҵҵġ
һƾ⻰һѪ˳ƾһ·ա
ȥ𣿡
ʿˮſƾƾüͷȴһתͷҲ֪ڳﵷʲôȻӳóһиðҩ
ȥ
ƾڣҶʱԭأƾȴҾ䣬㲻·ûøð
£ɵˣƾҹΪ˸ҩ
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ϵھҿֻҺƾˡֱҪжΣƾ㲻ΣҡڵɳϺҳȻȥ벻ҪȥסҲ֪ҵƢǿȲãȻ˺ܶ࣬û˵
ֱ⳶Ĺͼϣƾ硣
ҴȤƵƾ
˵ĹĹѨûȥò·һֱԻһֱ·ɣ
ҵĻŸ䡣ȴƾɫ쳣ѿҡҡͷ˵ǣĵĵ˾ȫµ·ߴĹ·ȴǾԲߴģûĹѨΪĹѨ˷ˣ
һĹѨ˷˶Ƕʱ˶˾䡣
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һƾӡô͵˻˭ƾȴһĨЦ⣬۵׵һĨһ
һӡ˳ɽһɲǾ𣿡
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ѵƾ˵ľǾͳīɵǸħ
̽Եģ˾䱻ӡڳɽǲһħҵĻŸ䣬ƾɫˣô֪
ұ⼸ʵɫŵĲᣬεİԼ;ȥɽƾ˵һ飬ƾȻ˲٣гǸֻϹè׼ˡ
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ûҸƾ绰¥ȴɲհͷת£ȴƾĳѾ¥µȺˣˣȴƾµһںϣǰѩ󻹸˺üڳر˶һװޱȣҪ֪ǶǵˣܰǺͺϵһˡ
ƾص³ʮʿİҴ򿪳ţЦһãҪ֪ҵĹϵôΪƾǰˡ
Ϊ˵ĴڣҺƾһ·ϼû˵仰ֱһɫС¥ƾź˵˾䡣
һϷϷ¥õϢ˵ͼҽһܻܼˡ
Щ죬ˣ
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ɾҺƾո³û룬ȻһϤ
ˣǻɻңҶϵó
һһͷԹԳǽӲЦЦɹԳǾûϵĽӲһ顱ǰ˾䣺ɰϼþûˣҲϵϵҡ
˵⻰ΪǵΧ˷׷ײĿһ۹ҡ
Ҳǡ
Ȼҽ촩ĵ壬չ黹Ǵһ˰Ĵް͹Գ֮ӵģվһ飬Ҫͻжͻ
ԳǿƵģҪƾһһվԣƶֱֽˡ
ǰɡ
Ҽҧ˵ĸ֣Գȴ㲻£ҺѼ䣬ƾֱҳǰС¥ȥ
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ֵǣǴʮֵĿտûλڡ
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һû⻺¥ݴȴŲ


146 Ϸ
Ҹսһ飬㿴˹ԳǵӰҼһЦȴ˸ԶλǳԵĲƾ̫
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ƾյĲϵĲϴ裬ݲ裬ԳǸһүģ¥µϷ̨ӡ
˵Щǿǰ¥ϵ˷׷ˣⱾʮֿտĶ¥ʱΪˡ
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Ҽ״ЦЦֱƾһϵĲߡ
¼һһĹȥֱٴδһŲΪ˵ʱȴ˴һ״Ұ״¥
ûʲôȻһûͣϣһƾ͹Գǣкû򣬾Ȼ˸֮λ
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ȻŸȣɿȥȴʮӲʣϴ˼ʱڵĴӣżӣװԼĪʮŮӲ
˸ƫƧλ£жпԿӦϷ¥ĳͣ۵ĨԾܿпܣʶԳǣƾǡ
ѵߣǴ˵нһң
ûҴӲлһĨ޵˳ҵ֮СҼĨˣʱһĿ˻
ÿ⿴Ǽɫ۶ܲ³Ǳɫ
ɫһҰףͿŴ촽²ߵСϸľС¥һ⿩
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ԳЦЦңɫһɻתͷ
ΨڽûûƵģζϷ̨ϵһһ˫ֻģѧϷӰڶֻû
εĴ޻ѳ˾ɰ
ͷ˵ǰɰҲΪ
ûĻ˵꣬һס޵죬ݺݵʹ˸ɫŽĿתܣΧŵˣźµӡ
СҾ䡣
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ŽĿתܣȴϸϷֻߺͱɫԳŪеİ壬һҰ׵Ҳ֪徻˵ЩʲôƾԼǰĲ߽ζ
Ψ޵Ŀһֱҵϡ
һϷѾ꣬ȴҲûҪû´ĻӦþڽͷ˾ڽ䣬е˶ΪͼȴûһԸ⵱ͷ񣬴Χ
ڶϷΧ˻ûκζϷӶϷۣԿǲǺ͵һϷϷͬһˣȴͳһϷϷһȫûӰӡ
ۿŴŶҪŵˣȴûһ˿̫սΧĿԽԽʱʱһ硭
ҶʱŵĲᣬôãҶҲЩˣ뿪ѩȥиԱһЩСˣѩȴҡ
Ϸ¥Ϸǳģûз
ұ仰ʱųһ亹ûһɫಡһȻλվЦӯӯĳŽߵλȥ
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ܳϷӳϷʣ˱ɫ߸ЬľϿ⣬ټѹѹֵգһʱǺҶЩԺ
ϣǵ𣿡
һ룬ɫǼϸĵȻ


147 ɫ
̧ͷİĿһ۱ɫ
˼Բ̫ãǣ
ɫЦסԼ죬Եʮ欲˵һɹʱҹЦ¶ݵĸо
ϡǵңҿϵ
ûӻɺĿ˱ɫһۣɫȴֱߵǰ˵֮˶Ƶġ
˵оͼóϢм٣
һʼűɫֻңɱɫ仰˵꣬ĿȴֱӶ˹ȥ
۹ԳǺƾȻĿûȥɴǵ֫嶯ϻǿԿעȫ˱ɫǱߡ
ЦҡҡͷԱɫһ䡣
ͼʲôôˣδš
ɫϵЦݶʱһֻ˲ָֻԭЦŶϵ˾䡣
ô˵оδͼ
ǿСˡ
ϲصĸɫ˾ɫɫ˲һ䣬ǱεĲӣϵԹЫ˵ڵĻ̲żɱ⡣
ϻôҪǻѵĻԼյ̫
䣬ԺȻꡱһԳǾ۾ĶԼö巢Ц˭֪ڡָɣЦǱɫ
ɫʱЩҲסءһһ͵شվһĿֱɨԳϣɹԳǾûƵģȻĿɨһ뿪˾䡣
Щ˾ǱȽϲҪ˼Ҷ˵ûˣȴϲвģĪˡѹΪЦ
ɫǴϷϵֺݺ߬ȭͷҧгݵĻʹԳǡ
˵˭Ҫ˭ģ
ԳһŽѵİջԼĿڴ̧ͷмĻ˱ɫһ䡣
˭Ժ˭£Ҫû⵵£ôôס˵
һԳ⻰ʱԳǵ˸ޣĿҲ˼֣û뵽Ц滢治ѷɫ
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ϣ㵱ûͼ
ϻûü˵Գǿȴٴδ֮ĶԻ
ҵ˭ôûƷζʲô˻һۣԭǱɫ
Գ仰˵꣬ȴֱסˣ⻰ʲô˼
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ǰŸߣԳǺű뿪뿪ǰһ䡣
ϼпռǵ档
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ɱɫϣԳǶˣƾȴûŪеĲߡ
һԵüվȴ˻ȥĴֹпߣƾԻ
ֱƾһյˮĿתƤЦⲻЦЦЦǰǵϣƾ˵һ䡣
Ҽˡ
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̾˿ʮĶƾ˵˾䡣
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£ƾŴԼ˼̧߳ͷһۣǿһЦݡ
ΪԻûǧݣÿγʱһ˭Ҳûʵӡһʼҽǧ棬ֱҷ֣Ȼܹƻģͬһɲͬ˼ˣҲǲͬһ档һԼ۾Ϊ̡תΪɫ
Щûƾ
˼ǣݣҿǹ㿴пǹ
ƾ˵ͷ⻰ȴɽ
ѹǰٰչƻŮӿƭǼһͨƻ֮ȴϳɻյ
ټԻԳ̶˵֪Ǽٵģռͻһ˰ɣ
οԻĶѾֲǸٰյŮӵǼˡ
ҵһ͵ؾɫÿֲѹʦҪСߵˣɫҪݳߵ˳ԣҹ϶ϲ
ƾشЩԼ˼Уֱҿ쵽Сſˣ̲סһ䡣
ͼڲǸϵϣΪʲôȥϷ¥ô˵ˣҶûϵͣ
ƾͷ̧𣬿򳵴棬дм롣
ҪˣŸԼжҪǸͼȨԼ𣿡
һƾ⻰ʱƾҲһֻϺ꣬ѹԳһƽɫ
Ѿͣ˾ſڣȥǰƾһ䡣
Ϊʲôɫͼڲʱȴ˵Լû


148 
ƾ񿴰׳һһۣҡ
ҪбΧͷĿ㣬ҫ˵ڴ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ᡣ
ȴ͵صɴ˫۷Ӧԭ
һŸտ³ŴߡƾȻסңһ䡣
㻹ǵ֮ǰ˵Ļ𣿡
ҵ˵ͷ˵ǵá
Ǹ㣬˻յĲ
ɴʱƾ׶԰Сѽҵõʦ϶ƵģԴŵһ䡣
˵ĻǼ٣
һ桱ֲҿѳתһ룬Ҫǻش⣬ôƾ׳
æƾ
أ
ƾ̾˿˵Ҳ벻ףɢˣǶ֪ƮȥֻͶ̥ʱһĨյĻǡ
⻰˵꣬ƾ͵صɴ˫ۣһѽ˳ѳŹϣֱӰҴң
ŵҡƾȲóֽͱʣԼһݸһݣȻ֣ȥ˵ղǲ˵ѣֻǲǺйء
һƾ⻰ֻԼڵȱ˻Ҫ
ҪˣŰԼ
ŴϼֲþܾƾֻһݺݵҧҧŰֽϻһ֣ʱĸ֧ܣẉ̣̂ŹţǣֱҽãСĽŰֽƾϣʱһĨЦݣֻڲϷ
ĹλǬ߹˶ź;ŵءͨΪû˵ѡ
Ĺλ˵ھŹ빬ߺţֵ塣˼ǣ˵ѵ
Ĺλţ壬˼ûǹƭ߷壬ľ֣ƭ˵ûƭ˵Ҳ澹Ȼˡ
ƾʱһԭأҸƾǲŴ˾֡ƾȴֱӽֽҵҡ
ϼôоҲϾˣҿ˵ѵĵǲ
εҡҡͷ˵Ҷϲƾֱɵԭأһ뾹ȻԼٵֽһһģһľֱ֣ӽֽ˺ˣ
Ȼ֪ڱڸȴû뵽ﵽϣ
һƾ⻰ʱһƾȴڴʱ˵ȻؼңҪúûһڸˡ
ɫ͵һС˾䡣
ô
ƾ۵һĨݣһ䣬ôڸģҾôľ֡
ұƾ⻰ʱŵĺһһҪˤڵذˣ
ɴ˿̵ֲֳܱʲôݺݵüƾ˵˾䲻ˣԼȥͺá
̬ȼƾҲû˵ʲôҵ˵ͷתͷͷԸѩ㲼
ƾ뿪֮ҵƤ˸һԼҪ˲˵ԤУóֻʦ绰ȴһֱͨҸӺ
Ҫһ죬ƾ֪Ҿôĳ̶ȣټƭ㣬òֱɱҰɣ
ҽʦʮʮ绰ʦĵ绰ҪôʾѹػҪôͨУҪôڷǱĵڰеĸˣ
յңֻȻ𣬼ֱгֵһ⣬æ绰𣬱Ϊʦģȴޡ
绰սͨޱڵҲ˵˻ؼҸ绰Ϊʲôƾڽһ飬Сɿڡ
û˵ұȲһ䡣
ڵױƽ𣿡
һ㶣ҡ
ôˣ˭˰
ЦŴȤ˵˾䲻ǣһĶǳ棬Լֿ㡣
󣬡Ŷң񣬺޸ǳƣ൱ˡ
һ˵һͶ˵ģҪȥ͵춷Ȼ˵ĴۻСһ㣬ҲǺаŵһֶû˻ȥڱ˵
ڵԽ࣬Ĵ۾Խ
ʿˮ
һ˵ڵŶݼ׶㲻飬ڵĺܴ𣿡
һ˼ľһ
ڲֹۣǺܴǺţƺ𣡡
˵⻰˾䣬ʦҲһҿǱ鵽ʲô飬Ȼôţ
Ҵ˵˾·Ҳ֪Ǽٸ˹ȥʡ
Ҫһѱ˵бƽ𣿡
Ҳǰ׳գҶʵϿ϶ȷ£ȴûң˵ôˣƽ϶ѣƽֵˣӦҲԼİ취Ҳжϵ׼򵥲򵥡
һ⻰ʱĶ˰ء
Ȼûƾܣɴƾ֣и˿¶⼸־ܿƾоĿɱȴ򶷻ҪĶࡣ
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ʱ¥ºȻһ¥ȴƾżĲе󻹸ѩѩ˸߽ǰֱӳȥˡ
ƾȴ˾䣬ϼܸо˼µľôţƵʱ̲ûм֤ߣ㿴ô˼µľ֡
ŵɫǽһ԰ף˫ƾ
˵Ҫھ֣


149 Ӱ
ƾͷһļһ߽ѩɳϵı򿪣һصĶüë
Ҫˣֵ˻ô
ӲͷƤ˾䡣
ô
ᱻɵĺܲң
ƾ˵⻰ʱϸǸıֱǷЬӽϰ¡ݺݵĳˣ
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ɵãСĿڴƾĶ
ŶݼǲǾڲظ֣
ƾһ˵ͷ˵԰ʿˮƾ
Ȼ֮ڲظ֣ڰǴݾ𣿡
˵⻰ʱ򣬱ûϣϾһ˵⻰СģƾȻͳףҰѻ˵꣬˾䡣
Ŷҡô죿
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⻰䣬ұŵĻһû̧ͷƾٴ
ʲô
ҵͷݺݵķ˸ۣ͵سɳϵķֱ˦ƾˡ
ӹ㣬㻹ңУԼ°ɣ
˵⻰ʱǳûģµĺ󱳷ŭȴֱӻסƾƾһŰǰǸ£˾䡣
֪ϲ룬һߵ㣬һߺ壬ⲻ𣿡
ֱӣƾ棬ݺݵķ˸ۡһ仰û˵ƾȴ֪ˣֻ̾һԼĶʰã˵ҵģȾ֮ƾ֣ҲҪˡ
һ⻰ǽһĻŭţ޲ƾߣȴҪװһرˬı顣
ƾˣǲ᲻ߣæ˼ţԴǵĶƾ˵˾䡣
ҪİҵѣԺͲҪҡ
˵仰ҡ顱һֱӽŹˡ
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150 
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ҽֻһʦĵ绰ĸæ𣬿ʦ˵ĵһ仰Ȼҿ뿪
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ٽĿתʱѾʧݵһȴ̼仯Ϊ˷档
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151 ħ
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ǵӰ˵ӰӡһӰһŮǺγ࣬ѾǵһκӴˡ
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152 Գأ
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ΧȻֱ۸񺰵ڣը˹
˵ǰһǧļӼۣر̼һһڵļӣˡ
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ֱһٴ˳սʣ¹ԳǺ̧ܣ۸̧ʮڵɲǣһ¥Ȼһ
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δ䣬ܶʱȻЦƺЦ˵ĲɿȴʱȺ˳ʮĿһˣ˵˾䡣
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£ֹΧˣ˶վԭ㶡
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ҲŽעתӣȴڳֵɲǣһֱҷڿڴöȻʼˡ


154 ᱦʼ
ɾҵִɲǣٶ
ƾĿֱĶϣҿڴǲʲôصô
ұ仰ŵεҡҡͷ˵ʲôֻЩŰڴġ
ƾɺĿһۣȴûơʱ඼˰֮С
ӲͷƤŽת֮ϣȴΧĿ£ԴӽмһԪ֮Ҳûκֻ̧ۣ뿴ӳܡ
ӣƾʲôã޼֮ͼܱһԪ£
ʱʤû˵ûУֻˣ˺ܾãõڳǿӵһʱȫ
ɢĮȻϢȴڴʱѹһ˵Ļֱ꣬ƾ͹ԳǵĿ⡣תӵϣṴǡ
ƾġ
δ䣬ѾһƬк
Ϊģⱻм۵ʮڵ޼֮ӾȻǸҵô浭ȻΪȫ
˶ʱһƺû뵽ӾȻƵϣεЦЦ˵
ڼ۸ѾеʮڣҪ򡣿Լϼӡ
⻰˵ĻˣϾٶ˭ˣҳģȴƫƫףһƨǰĵϣµ˲䣬һѹȴӿ֣Ȿصݳеĸӹ졣
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Һƾվ˲䣬ĸܵĿֱɨҺƾڵżżĴ뿪ȴǡܽĿ˿һ
һǹԳǣĿҵϡ
һƾƺֹʲôƾ˵ȴһֱš
ƾĻһĿ⣬ɫȻδɽϻ
˵ĿⲻǶҵϡһûסĿһӲŻͷһƾȴѾĿҵϣЦһҡ
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ҴźǺ˵Ҳ֪еһкܡ
ƾšһû˵۵׵ЦŨˡ
˵ǰùԳֻЦ滢Ǵʱƾһǽһʲá
ҿ͸˵ǺξģҸо͸ģƾչ¶̫࣬ҷֲĸʵɡ
ļһԪΪʲôһԪߣ
ӿڣ˪۵׸װһ̶ס
ʹܹõĽɻǱǿ˼άŭˣһ밲ȴһߵ
壬ǿͣҽĴ֮㶼𣿡
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Ȼ۵׵̽ȴʮԡ
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ֱӶ˦˸ɫûǮ۵ĨЦȴԽŨˡ
Χ˼ˣ׷Сʼӵݣ˵˵ȥ˭˵һȻ̫뵽ôƽӹִô͵ˣ˭
СĵĽĿתԳǺλãȴǵıдʲôȴһͬ㣬Ҳ֪ҳӡ˭
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ҪһԪͼҲС
䣬϶˶٣ȴ˲˼˶ס뿴Ͻ׻ҡ
룬һ侹ȻǣͼٻҾͽͼһԪ㡣
£ǿˣӵĵϸȴֺأǿ˵⣬֪Ѷˡ
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µ˲䣬ӴӵվżƦ˸̨
һʱ䣬˶첻ѣ·޷ţٻ۵׷׷ɺڴ
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ϣ˼ǵͼٻߣһԪǮߣ
䣬Ǽż뿪ŵĴֱӴһѹȴ硣
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һǡЦ˵˾Ҳԣ˵䣬Ѿ뿪żĴ¥¥ȥ
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ӹԳǵӦǲͼģȥҲΪ˴֣ȴ벻ͨôͼƾȻվûС
ɵã̽Ե䡣
㲻ȥմô
ƾеĲˮһ룬ҡҡͷ˾䣬Ǹеġ
⻰û⣬ҶôôЩ죿
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ƾϳ
ʱѾ˸̨Ӳվһ˵࿡ޱȣɺͨĲͨһ𣬾Ȼʧ˼ǡ
ӾͶ䣬Ȼɣ·ߣͼĿ⣬û
ٻô죿


155 ˣ
ЦЦһŵͼУ˵˾䡣
ǾͿ˭ٻˡ
󣬲Щģ˭Ȳܡȴùͼٻɱˣɱٻˣпٻ
ɵãٴνĿתƾܿ϶ӻӮ
ƾͷû˵ѾƮȥ̽Եƾ
ûãͦģ
ƾҡҡͷ˵ãȻȥ˳ɽͲܰ·ͼ
ǻ˭ʡ
ƾ˵֪ϸϷѧŵ㣬һ⻰һûס˾䡣
Ҫٻͼͱˣ㲻Ҫͼ˰
ƾЦЦҡ
Щصͼûõ֣𣿡
˼ǣ̨֮иٻͼߣҲԲᰲȫܱ׷ɱ
ϴżֲ죬ȴ⵽СҪǱͼ᲻ȫȴͼ԰ȫ
ΪģΪŮ˵ĵһֱ
֣巢ȵɲǣҾѾ϶Ǿ롣
ôĻǵİңǺԼݲ̫ðµʱһݳǰϲ
ò˵ʱСɱŮ˻ֲ
ٽĿת̨ϣȴǡΪԸ˵˾䡣
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һЦЦ񶼲м׸ɫ˲ЩҲסϵ˾䡣
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ﻰⶼżֱ壬ʮֲˬƫƫ⻰˵Ҳûһв۵ŭô죿
Ͽһ۵ʮֿһޱӣһ¥Ŀȫ˶¥ߵ¥Ŵ𣬽յǽڡ
һʱ䣬¥ùޱȡŴϵ˲䣬վڸ̨ӵϣȻ¶һɹڳ
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һô˵ֻоԼٴϹˣǰô˳Ϻرأ
ǱϵĻղɵ˹Գǣƾˣһ
ôصҵһδӾϼɵҵĺٴν
ͬʱĽѾ̤һֽеͼȡֱУ˫Ѹӡӡ˲䣬ͼһĨ⣬ֱӴǰĿյء
ʣڤǧʥ顣ޣƷħΣ֮ӭҹٽ٣
䣬Χ͵磬¥ڵ֮ĵߵ
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һ¹򣬾˸ţĶ¥ż䣬ƾԳǻǼ¸ص֮⣬ϵˣ¹˴룡
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¹̬ȹ𾪣
ͼٻֻΪʲôŹȻ¹򣬻ϹϾΪֱɵһƱˣ˿Ŀⶼ𾪲ѡ
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һ룬Цһգ͵ؽеͼһͼȵ˿С
ɫ˲һ䣬˶ΪҪھ˲䣬뾹Ȼݺݵĳһ塣
˾ң
еĿҶһ

뺰˲ֱĹžɾžɲǣԺȻɽѵؿǿʼ𶯣Χǽڶʼð˲ɳ
һֱӽԶʵ壬ȻڿлһӰ
ǲŷ
Ӱ˲䣬һȻ𣬻ûȴһӰȻžһݡ
ݼ
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ûӰĻ˵ֱ꣬ӴϣֽڿеͼһУֱӴӶͳöӲ˦ǰ
лϴȣһǮ⻭ҡ
µ˲䣬ΪһӰֱʧǰ氲ֹû˷Ӧղŷʲô
ʧûãٻĹҲֱӻص˵صףֱƾĿзһ󳰷Ц⣬оѣһȫɫɷף˵Ĺ졣
ǰʱңһҵģϡ
ͻ˶⧲ƾȴڷЦûãԸѩʰʰˡ
ֱҺƾ뿪ⶰ¥Цӯӯ˵˾䡣
֪ٻ˭ˡ


156 ʮ
˭ҽŵ˾䣬ȴ˵˾䡣Ĵ
üͷһɵô𼸷ɻͼǾ룬ѲɣĴ
ɵáСƾһ䡣
㵱ʱΪʲô䣿ңΪʲô߻ĴǾ룿
ƾû˵ֻǽϵһŰֽҵУҽֽ̯һŷ֣ԭǶԳֵʱƾѾһ֣ģǵӮ
ĹλȻ˰׻ɷӿֱѿĲѿһ֣۾Ĺλ˾С˾죬ѼĴ֮ף
ֱҽƾľֿ꣬ƾŸ˵ǰ˵˼ɺһȻ֮ġ
û˵ȴֵǸ˾Ǿ벻֮ܳݳ֣᲻Ϊ̫ţƣ֪
һɲõԤдҵļðҲ֪ôģҾȻƾһ䡣
ϴβǺ˵ȥɽ𣿿ɾ벻ûм䣬ô֪ɽħ
仰˵ꡣƾ񿴰׳һһЦ˵
ļԼӡģûʧô׳յֻƭƭôҲˣ
ҵɫ˲һ䣬ͣĶǣúðһ䡣
ϴΣǽĹñʱǸϵĹ˵ʱ򣬼ֻѡһǰѻհЭģ
仰˵꣬ƾĳѾ˾ſڣͣ˲䣬ƾ˵
ʱ۾ĲһģҲпϷ𣿡
ɫһǲǰϾˣ
˵⻰ʱƾй˵˼Ȼʵǰŵòᣬŵֹסһ٣һŻͷȤ
˵ʲôأֻǺ档
ƾζĿһû˵Һ˸ֱһصңŹϱϵ˲䣬ŷӦԼŵĶðһ㱡
˱ֻۣоԼ¶ʧƾҵĹϵӦòƭңң˵ĻһģһļԼӡģһвϷ
벻ͨǣΪʲôҪϷ
ΪʲôҪƭңƭʧˣҽŵĻڷ뼴ϵϾȴܣ
ݺݵ˺üŹƾ˵Ļĵף͵ؽа鷭ҵǼҳ
дɷɭϣȷɷ֣֮֮ǰٻĹĵλλӵ
˾ʮ˧֮ףʮʮֱϽ
һʮޡкȻɻôоͷһʮޣ
ƹ˼ɱȨϴͬţƵĴ
ɾ׿ڶ˵ʮҶţҪʮƹɱȨĻôܵ˼ȥʵۣ
ôѻɱ׷Ī˼ѰҶꣿ
׻˵úãҪ˭㵽
ôţƻˣܸ
ಡһȻһӰŵɫһ͵ؽаŵŷͰ壬ĿתĶŴ⡣
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˲䣬ŵͷƤˣʱ˻˭
ҽŵĵŽż⣬ӲͷƤߵű߽Ŵ򿪵ġ
ɴ򿪵˲䣬һɭѪֱӶҷЦһҵĲ͵ؽҵһֽ˴ק
ٺٺ١
ãҽбɫ
ӱɫһɹɴʬζ֬ѬҲ˳
͵شӿڴͳһŻƷֱӳģŻƷһŷֽһֱӴ¡
Щûá
ɫԹޱȵĿҷЦһֹҵ°ͣ³ĻȴЫ
ƾǸϼô󣬱Ұ˰ɣ
һ⻰ʱɫһףŵ˾䡣
㵽
ɫɿңһԼ죬ǺǺǵķЦޱȣ欹ˡ
һܸѽⲻ㽻𣿡
һˣɫһƣһֱӴ̨ˤȥˤȥ˲䣬ɫЦĸӲˡ
·ĵƹ⣬ɫɫ൱죬ر˫Ьӣۺķ·һ붼ܵ¹ѪҺ
ҽŵűɫֽŲòϵĳŲŲŲҸѣӥץСһ㣬ЦվԭؿҵĶһ
ҲɫҪۿžѾʮԶ͵һԵĳȥɻûܼȴɫѾҵǰŵһת뻻ܣɲתɫֱӻһӰҵǰ
壬а飬κζҶûдֻвϹһöѪ꣬ұ˭ʱѪŮֻһһ
ʿˮҽŵĽ߬ʱɫ
㵽
ɫ˲ƶҵǰȻЦŶ˵˾䡣
һԳǲ˵գƾⲻӵŮˣʲô
˵⻰ʱ˵ǽһɣߣȴܵһĨɱ⡭
ģԳǺ˵Ҳǰ
Ȼµ˲䣬Χһ磬ϮԲǺ
һӰҵܣЩӰ¶һž㤵ı飬ȫѪζ
ϲͻ֮ˣҾͿ԰ѼϵģһΡ
˵⻰ʱ򣬱ɫ۵ĨѪ⼫ˣҵ͵һˡ
ڻϵģ
⵽ʲô
ûҷӦһӰȻֱӴҵڣÿһӰҵһ۵ֱڵϴ
ɫȴʱվҵǰӸµң۵ŵǷ
յģ


157 
ŴڵӰԽԽ࣬۵궼ЩľɱЩҪܵǴڵԹ
ÿһӰӣҶĸܵĿһɲǵĲʣ
һɹѪҺӳݼ̲סԼ촽ҧƣϸΪڵĦ˵Ѫ߰ߡ
ԲϴɫǼЦűɫĿԺкȻصһ档
УҾȻһģһС˶ڹǵĽ֮УһŻһֱ
ŻС˶СĽĻóϡ
ԣԱĵңһ취øĸӻع
ӹŵıǰλŻС˶С˵˾䡣
죬лл㡣
ЦЦϵˮøɣٲȻһģ˾䡣
ˡĸûиȡ֣Ҹȡòã
һɫĵ˵ͷЦ¶ǴǳǳСС
˵һģһС˶ʲôͨǱǴһС˰ɡ
ȡ죬жһʩչͼҵԡ죬ֺηȻжصҵУǽͰ֮зòã
ҡҡͷ˵Ϻͻʺ󲻻ִġ
еĻϻʺ÷һεЦЦǰա
ǽзźòãԺ󣬽ԡ£ð߱ɱҽ֮ˡ
۵ٴһŴԷ˵һãɻ䣬㴫Ů
ôˣʺڵء
ɲǣͷ˶æųһơ
ߣҽع
ֱŵͷһ꣬ŷ֡ԭźߵǽϣȻ˸
Ҳ֪⻭еһģһС˶ͷ˭ɴ˿̵ңűɫŹޱȵȴĪϤģӿһ䡣
š
˭ϣҵĻ䣬ɫɫ˲һ䣬ĽҴӵ𣬶ݺݵ˾䡣
ҽбɫзţ
Ҳ˼ĵɴ˫ۣɫҸղԺǻŵȫһôȴֱӶԺ
ǰ˺˵ɫ֮ԽбɫΪԻûǧݣȴû˼ʵݡ
ѵ˵ڸղŻУֵƤСеţǱɫʵĿ
ͬŮӣΪʲô֮ĴһĽʳһϽֱ֣
ɫٴνҺݺڵذ֮ϣ͵ؽǰЩӰߣóһذУһĳüҹħ
Ǵģֵ֪ģ
㲻֪ⱲģǱ˽ҷ𣿡
ΪǰЩӰӵľͱĥĻû˵ʲôȴһֶ²
ǣղŲͦܺ𣿡µ˲䣬ɫݺһֱӴҵؿϣĵܺãֻƤûûࡣ
еģȫҪУûеģҲҪСͻƵģ

ɫʮּһЦţһֱ߽ͱҵĸʮֲֿ·ҵһŶֱ֣ӰѱɫƷˣ
ұ̵ĻûֱǰذףһϵʲôƷֱҵѪֹҵɫƮɢ͵һҧԼǽء
þСĬ롣
ǴҵĿпҺǾ룬ɫƵֱصĻһ
ǣ룿㵱˭أ㵱Ǹ߸ϵֹ죿㵱µһռ˻գΪ˾ֶҪĻ
ûػֻǾȴЦ˾䡣
Ƿ죬գǻ밮ֻʲô
仰˵꣬һݺݵĻҵϣ۵ۣɾұ۵ɲǣǱĵУѾҵĲϡ
ұĴ͵ؾѣǣ
һҪѰǰ䣬һҪŪһУһҪǿôˣ
ݺݵҧƺָ˲ҪȴɫݺһŲڽ¡
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˵˭Ƕ
ɫȻ˼֡
ѧӣЦĿ͵رһ˿ɱ⡣
㡣
ɫֱӽذ׺ݺݵĲҵࡣ
˲䣬͵صɴ˫ۣɶȴЦ

һյһ
ֻоԼʶԽԽɢĺݺݱɫˤ˵ϡ
־һݴҵĿѳȴֻڱĵ棬Լʡ
ݡһһ˿ݺݵĲ˱ɫࡣ
ɫǷЦ͵ؽԭء

ߺȻһһī㴫ҵıǼ⡣
ܺţĺܺš
֪ǾˣҵʶȴԽԽɢ
ֻоԼһůĻһɹůӿҵڣԲ
ôôסҪۣ


158 ҩЧ
ľ죬ȴ֪˵ЩʲôԲɫ˻գǵ˺ڰ
ֵǣںڰпľȻǰԺлֵС˶ͷš
Ҽ˷ΪûϺͻʺӷŻعſһһҹҼ˶Է˵Ŵħ˼ǣϻʺûһ乶ӲдѾǶ͡
Ҽڷǰ˵ŻˣݺݵĴ˻ȥһССһŮӣȴ徭ŮװӪ
һˣھӪﱻ˺ۣȴҪǼӿѪʡ
һ䣬ȴû㹫ӡҴȴûԹޣȫڴ
ĺܿ죬м侭ʲôûпȴͣһžװŮװģŮսɳ
ԺеĻٴοĻ棬ȴͣϽǱơ
ƳǵûݣȴоǳǳϤƳǵһ˲ҵĿǧа۵޷
ŮװսɳŮǳ˵ķ죬δѵȴǻաҲҵС档
һϮϵغװվڻʹ֮ϣһ֧סںڵ㷢̳ɾµҶһϣԵĵš
ü㡣ӣҴ겻Ⱦ࣬ɢŹڰ޹Ϣȴʧ˿˿ġɢŹϢĲʳ˼̻ĵ˼粽뷲ӡ
ϽǱƣʳ²ָĺɱһʱ𣬿ŲѪʳĻǺѪɺӡ
һͷͬŮӣӺЦһŤ
Ķİ˶ߣһָо
ŮӺͷ쳤һģһżȴʮմȾ˼ħҪû´Ļ
ӦþǷŰɣ
ЦŻͷ۵ûаŭԹֻŷŵá
ҵĹҵļңҲļңȴԼƼ𣿡
ƽǴ۵һɫУ޷ʱˡ
ЦļΪĺ欣Ťϸŷ˼ıͱɫֱһޡ
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ΪȾħӹʦԤɷǣ˱ףҶ
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Դһ˺ѷΰŭ𣺡
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˵⣬͵ؽƿȥվӣȴԭأԼգȴԼţôое㲻Ծ
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С˺öֵࣿǣǿŴȥ
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ֱҽĿ⳯һתžǿ𣬾벻ôԼˣ
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ұŵֻСһҾȻһڣ
ڣѾˣ
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ʿˮСʾ룬˵ͷŵòᣬȴһ룬ֱҡҡͷ
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ǰһ죬Ĺˣ
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159 ھ
һ֣ɫһȻûشңҺúϢȥõԵġ
һô죬еԻˡ
ǰԺеƬ̫϶ӷ쵽ôõĽףĿƣм䵽׷ʲôȴһƬհס
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Ҳ֪ôߵĳǽ׹ûǽôߣ㲻Ҳǰˣο滹ôٱһڵ˵ﻹ
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ò֪ǻ˰ɣ
һ߳Žӣһϴͼǲšһû˵ҵԴġסһ㶼Ҫˡ
ҳŽӵĶʱһţԼô죬񡭡ûϴ裡
⶯ꡱһЦ˳ȻߵԡȥҷˮȾˮźãҵĽҲˣԼɸɾúõϴһ飬հ·ãȴ־Ѿͷ¥µҡ
Ҫȥİ
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㻹ǵãϴ뿪֮ǰ˵Ļ𣿡
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˵⻰ʱ൱䣬ֱһȸѿڶȴʦЦǲǻˣҶϷҲѧİ˾Ųʮ
ͷʦȴҰ֮ǰ˵Ļ˵һ飬ֱ⻰˵꣬ҲŻȻʱ˵ǣҪһʲôᣬͱͽˡ
ڳ˶аϵĹ̫֮⣬ڼ򵥵СҶӦټϴʦ
Ŷݼѧģͦõģ
ȻʦûаʦŵĴ㣬һ̲סô죬ǲǲҩˣҪûŴϼݣȻĹһҪ
û뵽ʦȴһ䡣
·ǿԼ߳ģǱ˰㰲źõġ㾲ǡ
ǳ׵ˡ
Ȼ֪ʦΪҺãɻǷǳ£µĲƾԼ֪ô
ĩˣʦ˵һ䣬ǧҰΪʦ飬ǻ˵κ롣
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Ҿ䣬㲻þ𣬲µŴϼˣȴûΪʲôҪݣҲû㵽ôݣʲô֣
ɫ˲һ䣬Ȼʦû˵ɴ˼һǿԸоɾӽңĿĵġ
ѾǵһɾӽĿĵˣһ޷ţôںҵľӽҾȻĿĵģ
ƭ˵ģҪǾ뿴ҵĿƭˣʱǽŵѵм
ЩʦĶߣȴһЦ
ǲƺĲ
û˵ֻʦһ䡣
ǰǱɱģѵ𣿡
ҵɫ˲һ䣬ŵʦ
ǰΪʲôҪɱң


160 ƾĹ
ʦ󣬼ЦЦû˵ȴҸоߵ˺һɴ㲻ƿĿ
ÿͼӡĶŵӡĲеͼӡǰʮļ䡣취ͼõ֣ѪԼͼϵΣܰѼûˡ
˵⣬ʦ˶٣Сһ䡣
Ҫܰͼ룬Уоȡ
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ҽŵĿڣʦȴֱӽת˿˵ʲôаϵʱûʱһҵһȻܹаϵݡĵʱ˶࿴Ǳ飬ŶݼףֱӰҵ绰ˣ
ҸоҪˣ
ʦֱӸҾǰΪʲôɱңȥҾͼԼؼ䣡
Ҫʦ˵ӽĿģǸô죿
̾һڴϷȥһֱ̫˳˯
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˵ұЩΪƽһʱˡ
Щ졣ԾȻûų⣬ʦƾ˵Ļȴһܸоôദôܡ
ɾҪӾЩʱƾȻͬʱŰݷáûʲôӦɰŵĵǲᡣ
رÿĿתϵʱܸо͸ҿգŵĻë
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ûػЩΣȻԲЩϣ;볶ЩеûĿʼȴָоƾôƽ͡һΪңֻ˵ǻգ
ԽԽǺǰ׷ʲôΪʲôƾڻնôţȴʮƽӣѵóֵһЩ
ֵǣֱƾȥǻڳûгϣЩ⣬ɾĿ⣬ȴʮǵЦ˳ᢵĸо
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161 ƾ
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ڱ̫ģּùûк̨˽ӴСڹﱻ۸֪˭۸״Ҳûκô
Ͼڹ۸˵ģ˻ʼ֮⣬
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ò˵֪Ī˵ƾݲع⣬ǰЩĻȫ׷׵꣬ʼͽ
ټʱƣòı仯ЩĻܿǰʦĵӣǰЩ۸С̫ࣿ
οƾ߲ܣʦĵӶϺѵĸоĻ֪һУŸոտʼ
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кõ飬֪ȴûͱƣ޷Ӳ֣
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ŷһûô򵥡


162 ļ
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ƾ˵Ļȴŵòᡣƾĸ׵Ĳ򵥣Ϊƾĸ׾Ȼǻʵ۹еĳ
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Ҫ֪ܳ裬ʵ۸ûＸΣȻˣܲ
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ãƾдǲ̫ųˣ
ұƾŵɫ࣬û˵ƾȴ˵˾䡣
ųȴһ£źͷͲʲôǺͷǶΪ˱µĵһӣΪģΪӵĳ·


163 ̫Ӿ
󣬲ɵò˾䡣
ƾǺӦñСŶ԰
ƾһ㶣۵״ż̽һ䡣
ʲôʱ˵ƾˣ
Ļ䣬ɫ˲һŷӦԼ¶ˡæεЦЦƾ
첻ǻ𣿡
⻰˵ŷԼ⻰¶ˡ
ƾ۵˲ɱ⣬ʮ˵˾䣬Ƿ죬ǻա
仰ҵʱûƾʲô˼ֱָ˼Ҳס
ƾеķ죬ͯӰеһĨ⣬貶ͯͯ겻ôڡ
Ϊյķ죬ƾУӦһִˡ
ɫЩףû˵ƾȴҡǲǾҷǻյģҡҡͷû˵ɫȴָ˼ֵȻװһĪģƾһʱҲЩʲôԵ˿
˳£ƾſڣóĻʵôɵ𣬵鲻һ˿Ҷ֪빬ǰСһ𳤴Ҫ˸ӺǸ˽£һô룿
Ƕˣԭƾ䱻˰
ò˵ȻųڰİƾһУȻûʲô֣ʹľ˰ɣ
֪Լİ˻ȴ֪ԼĶܳȴһĺܴĶӱ۸衣
ƣûʵ۵ĴŮҲܴ˺ΪݽΪ㲻֮֮
Ҳ֪ƾΪʲôҪֻо˵֮˶˲٣ң벻
Сĵ˵ͷƾȻϲŭ޳
ƾ⸱ģ̵ĳ˳ǣ۵ĨΣſ˵̴壬Ǻͷǳ֮ǰѾڰԽֲá
ǺͷǵԤԣڻʵ۵һս
ʱķ챻ʵ۴ӶӪ֮ǰóһʱ䣬ȴ˼֮ʱʶ̫ӣ롣
챻ʱŮװ;ʶ˸ǳֵ޻̸˭Ҳ֪ԾʲôݣŮݾ붼ö֪
ƾһ汳룬һ濪ʼ谭ϵһֽ˼ǹֱӽӻ˻ʹ
ɺܼ򵥣ǰԤǰ㣬Ǳֹ조лˣֹ컹ܴٲʢ
ڷűӻعеֱӺͷ˺ƤʱķȻһЩߣص̫ãһ˿Ŷû¶ֱӱɱڹԷŲھΡ
ϾȻ縺صȷʵڹйŽʳţ
һС˼·żĽӼҲܹжá
ںŶԷ캦飬ȫԭƨɣµĺۼһɶԽԽֱӽͱƣ̵ĸ߷죬ϾҪˣģ̫Ӿ롣
֪̫ӵֱӷһȥҪʾ룬κһƾ֮Уû룬ȴƾ̹ϣ
ƾ֮ƾֱӽһĶԹȫ˵˷ǲ̵Ľ覵ĸ˵һĲֵ
죬ţƾдʽʼ
д˭ûǽһԹӱĹעǵϣɱ硣
ƾƻģŻʥ裬ǱͶԷεĻϺͻʺĸΣֱӽŷΪֳ
ڹгֹ֮⣬ΨһһֺŵĹ
Ÿǰͷ콻ã˺󲻶ͱ
ѵ䣬˵вϲϳŷġ
ɾʱƾȻ׼ƣûʵ۽ֳ׸ʵ۾ף
˵ⷬͬʱǽ죬˵ʲô֮󣬳Ϲһͳ£
ʱĳʵһҲô£ȻĽΪ׹͵˾ǰ룬ĽŷΪʺ
£ˣȴƾź;ˡ
ڳȫ£ں׵ϲ֮Уƾξ֮еͬʱõһϢأκѾ˳߾سžԱơ
ʱĳʵֱŭˣֱʳֳţȴõǼΪ̣һִ
˲Сӣ㻹ǵҳʱǰʦԤ𣿳߸ҵУȻôҲʲôǶԲ㣿
£˵ĺĳʵۣһ
һʱ䣬⻼ĳǵĸˣźƾҵĳ˺ü͡
ʱķ֪ϢĶˣԼĹбչش죬˭Ҳ֪ڹд쾿ʲôֻ֪֮ʱʵӧ
ʣƾû뵽ģƾóȫԼ£ɱ˳ʵۣȴûҪ
ȫ˶Ψţڷӧҵ˷롣
ʱķȴִԼ۸һ飬˦ƾϣ˵һƾⱲӶ˵Ļ
˵ⱲӶԭ
ɵʱƾֻгޣԼһֻΪ˸Ҫԭ£ֻҪŭ
̣ƣһߵսսֻΪһ죬һ졣
ǰΪ˹ʿĽʿ˵һ仰
ڣڣ
Ҫ֪أκĹʱĳ˵ֿˣǺΪСκһܴӮ
˶֪˴γս޹;


164 
ٴμ룬Ѿս֮ϣֵʱں;ദݣһݺʶ
ս֮ϣϵþ롣벻ϵֻмϤ
սã׺ݣǣֱӽѹ޴ӣ˻ʳǽµĵ죬ʵ۱УʺԽʡ
ɷ˭һжǷźƾĹܱ֮ô칥ƣҲȫӦϣݳˮ֮С
ûкޣڵ촩һϮϵغװվڻʹ֮ϣһ֧סںڵ㷢̳ɾµҶһϣԵĵš
ü㣬ӣҴ겻Ⱦ࣬ɢŹڰ޹Ϣȴʧ˿˿ġɢŹϢĲʳ˼̻ĵ˼粽뷲ӡ
˵⣬ƾΪ˵˾䣬ķȴͬ꼻һ֣ת˲š
ʱվڻʳ֮ϣıȫͣ˶վԣһģһĳֳ̫ţ֡
һϮȹվڷһͬС㶫ʩЧ򭣬ûɫ͵š
̫ӾŮɫ̫ż޹ȥôʱ䣬ֻһ̫ͷΣûʵʵĽչ
Եʱľ޵ķ죬ҲһŮӶ࿴ۣ޶Ӧֱýʿǹǣ
Եɱٴ𡣿ɵۺˣһϮŮװվڻʳ֮ϰûз˼ĽʿͶĶͶˣͶҲˡ
˭Ҳ֪̫վڻʳϺͷ˵ʲôֻ֪˶ЩڷŵĶУȴͬһζ
ĶˣĶˣƾһֱվڳǽµȣȷһۣһۣıӳǽ׹¡
վ컹ǴӳǽһԾ¡
˵ڣڣ
˵⣬ԺٴθֳѳĻ棬ֻӳǽһԾ£µ˲䣬һڴӳǽš
ֻж̶ֱ̼ʧⷬվ˵С

ʤΪΪûʲôñġ
ǳʵĿ飬ǵʱСģǱóеķ죬һȫе
ֳľ뱾޶Ӧɾڷ»ʳһ˲䣬ͬǧѵݺݴֱ̹ӳ˹ȥ
һȥˣƾƵĳŻʳǽ³ȥŷǵķԭء
ƾĴͣڳ˲䣬֪ԼҪľʲô
ʵ˻Ҫĸǳޣǰ
агôֻ꣬ΪһۣҲаͷŻܸĨ貵Ĺ
Ƿ
һеһдƾԺ׷ĪΣ
ҪƾѡģӦûǸ֮·ɣ
ĴͣԼȫ֪Ϊʲôһѳ֮ʱԼôֱӳŻʳ³
ֱ׽£յһصš
˭Ҳ֪˵ʲôɾھյ֮󣬼ֱƵģȫѰֹʬǣһֽ飬̫ŸˡȫͨǰʦƾգûѰֹʬǡ
Ȼײŷ֣Լ˾ڵƻɺɵԼȥѰʱѾҲѰˡ
˶ڲ²ΪξȫѰֹȴ˺ֹһģһ̫š
𰸣ֻо֪ɡ
ˮǧֻȡһưɡ
ݵ̫ŴӴʧ˵֮УǹʦƾҲûֹ
ֱѰ꣬꣬ûҵʬǣŻص٣ǻΪۡ
˵⣬ƾϵļŨˡ
ǱģǱɱģݳھ߶£˵Ҫˣ᲻ỹھ£
ɫһ䣬ܸоԼǲʲôˣƾ
ʲô˼
ƾҡͷ˵ûʲô˼ֻǾϧǹʱ򣬱˹УٴγΪ¥ռˣȴߡ
ҵɫԽԽѿȻûм䣬ÿƾ˵Щҵľֹסʹҷڰ˫ָ̲סĲ
һƾ
Ȼѳˣôģ
׷ɱ㣬òѷʬߣɣ
żֵ٩ɿеĿȴֻԼ֪
ƾ˵˽գʼվһԣʶķ̫Զĳɽ£ɼ֮ȴһλͷ쳤һģһŮӣȥǸĹ뿴ǲǷ츴ʱĹѨڿĹײĻڣʬȴˡ
ƾ⻰ŵģϾ֮ٶͼǣƾ˵ͼأͻһʮء
һǲһˣôܸģһܴͼôţƵĶ
ɣͼջ˾ϡ
˼壬ҵ˼͵һתżɻƾ
ֲǻգҲЩûκιϵ˵ô
ƾ¶۵ޱȡ
ȷûκιϵ𣿡
ɫ˲һ䣬ֽӿͷ
ʲô˼
ϵ˼
⼸֣ƾҧгݴӿбĳһԼ˿˵ĸо
Ҫ֪ǻ£붼֪
ҽŵı˱ۣԼϵĺȥƾ
ƾüһһ´һ飬ͣҲڰС
㲻֪


165 Ŀ
ҵŵǻյ壬ҴƾĿ⣬ҲѲ³ƾҪʲô
ҪյĲ
СĿʣƾͷҡҡͷһʱԲ³ľʲô
ͷһתҽŵ˾䡣
յĲ
ƾͷȻûʲôʾȴҸоһĪѹҪûѻյĲ֪ôңпܻܲųƾҴš
ôô϶յĲϣĿʵƾһҶһ˾䡣
֮ǰһ֡
ղϣ޷㵽ģɴƾĵУȴЩˣ̽ң㵽Щ
¶ɻƾһŰֽҵУֽǰ׵ġõȴǺڱʣѪ
Ҫû´ĻӦƾѪɣ
ò˵ƴŻָݶãȲԼѪ˵鵽ǶǴ
ҵĹλ̫ߣαװƭղڵĹλֳ˼Ĺ˼൱ԡ
˵ѵңյĲϣ˭Ҳ֪Ĩʲôʱ֡
ƾľָҿȴбס˵Ļڽո𸴡
ױÿֵھŹ֮жһԼĹλܹλ˵һЩ飬ƾ˾ŵأֵʱʮ˸Уͣ˼·ǳġû¶ôż
ҲɵƾֽпڻˣҪ֪ԻῴöŶݼ׵Ŵϼң
ͼа飬ȴһǴʲô֮ǰǽϵѪժ¡˿ڴ
ǲˣҲԣȻô꣬Ʒử
µ˲䣬ҽ˾ֵֽŻƾС
ƾɫƽĻ˾䡰𣿡һ˵ǾǴˣΪҿǱаõ˻յ洫ء
һɫ˲һһûӦƾ⵽ʲô˼֮аǻյģգҲŶݼ֣
ƾȷʵлյĲҲ˵ҲͶ̥ʱһĨյ꣬ԳúһģһǵӰˡ
˵䣬ЦŽϵĲˮ£Цƾƾȴû˵ͬЦŻңҽڴöյİ˳Ŀȴһ붼û뿪ƾϡ
ƾȴʱڣԸԸ
㣬Գǣ븴գҾԻȻˣӦǵˣȻǵˣǲе㲻̫ã
˵仰ʱЩûģ㴰ֽͱƾֱӰɱˣƾȴЦ˳۵ĨҲ˼֡
û뵽㻹ͦ˼ġ븴յģֻ͹Գǣˣо롣Һû˵븴հɣ
ƾµ˲䣬ҵɫ˲һףƾ⵽ʲô˼
ǺͻչϵΪʲô븴գƾ˵Ļȴʲôֱײҵࡣ
˵֪ҲŻղɢʱôߵĳǽˣôܻھɱʱ򲻸Լ·
ΣڴԽҾԽ̲ס˾䡣
˼ǣҪɱʱ֪ˣ
ƾšһ۵͵Ị̃Ĩ⣬ȴת˲š
̵ǻ֪ҪɱȴԼţޡǺ޾ɣ
Ҳ֪ĸˣҾȻƾ˾䡣
ղϣȻ֪ôѣҪ˵Ϊʲôӽңҿ԰㣬ڻѻղʱһ档
ƾûжӦһܴУĿ
ԡ
£ĨϲĨ֮ǰƾΪ˵˾䣬˵ֻĲ²⣬²˵ģоݡ
һ̫ͻյƵ㣬ܰҵƷ벹ҲпʹȥһգҲ֪ˣлղ¡
һֿܣΪͼҵϱˣ
ȻͼûҲãԶԶ˵ͼԾпܽӽңΪͼ
Ҫǵһԭһˣ
ϾվңҾǻգ⻹ûʲôҪǵڶԭҵĻͦµģѵ˵ǰΪͼɱң
СƾΪʲôɱգȴЦû˵Ҳû˼ʣƾȴʱֱӿͿ͡
Һú˵һ취ģҲҪӣҲҪ㣬Ҫˣ˱ץۻܴġ
˵⻰ʱƾᣬһв˼ɵ̾һƾ˵ͷ
ֱߵɲǣŷ֣쾹ȻѾҾֻмδӵ绰
˱ۣһ֮Ժûиص绰ǿ첽뿪ƾң˵Ҳ֣Ŵƾ߳ûҾȻʧɵĹԳǣ
ԳǵԣȻվűɫʱıɫһ԰ף԰׵ԭ޵ĺ촽ûѪɫҴƾ߳ݺݵĳǰҡ
Ŵϼƾ𣿡
һ˵ǰкҵĻϳҵ񾭣Щɱȴûñɫж
Ȼû䣬ɷΪ˱ɫô࣬ȴɫͬƵķҧһڣҪܰѳˣƵķѳ
˵ûȴǡһҰǣ˾䡣
Сӻء
˵䣬Ŀ⿴ǹԳǣɹԳȴޱ飬۵ûУ˭֪Щʲô
ɻ˵õϵѣڱôݵͱһҲڱɫ£


166 ͹Գ
ʱҲŷ֣ʶĹԳ˽ȴٵģ
֪и̺й֮⣬񾭲ƵĸͺȢ֮⣬ûκйصĶˡ
˹ԳǼۣҲûʲôֱԽ߽ƾļСҲ֪ƾǲ˵ģǰŸߣǺž
ɫģǰ˵ģɫԶˡ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôɫ䵭յѾľ֮ˣǸɫ·ƮƮԿ˵Ĳᰡ
ɱɫƫƫرװװһԼûеӣҪ֪ˣԿ
ԳǾʶһڱɫһĳƾȥҸûֻȴˣ绰ǾġϹ˸ص˵Ҫңæ˵ˣԼԻȥ󽫵绰ˡ
һ֪ԴҲ㱻ɫɱôҵٱԽƾʦĲ¼Ƕġ
صĶž룬ҪɱɱˣҪõϵʲôҲ׾ٵĵõҪôۡ
жమգȻû˵û䣬վܸоĳģ۾˵ǰһǰգﶼи
ҪǰҡǱҵǰҪǰҵǰƭң
صУѾڵңԽԽ𼸲ԷʱҶ̧ͷȻҲľٶɻǲǳʲô£
εҡҡͷ˵ûУֻԼЩ̫극¥ֱӽŷڴϷȥĹҾȻԺ˯ˡ
ֻоԼٴμǰķ죬УȻ˾룬ԳǵӰ
ģһݣһʮĺӱڲ޴򣬱޴һʮĴ󺺣򻹱
͵ССͣ͵үͷˣ
ǹڵϣһȴûӸ򵽡ǱҲûݹļ򣬸ŴȶûС
ס֣
ʱȻһǷ죬һԼĿʾ˵ľ룬ԾȻվŹԳǣ
ǼΪõģߵ˺ӵǰʱ޴Ĵ󺺡
͵ʲô
󺺴ӿڴͳһǮң˵⺢͵Ǯֳץ˵⺢ǹ߷Ҫǲ͵
䣬조ǡһֱЦ˳˵ĿⶼۼϣӿڴͳһöԪֱ˦˴󺺵ϡ
𣿡
󺺵۾˲䷢æͷ

ɾʱ쾹Ȼߵ˺ӵǰǳգ
㼸£
ʮ¡
ӵȻɳƵȴ˶ɻͬʱֱӴһ޽˺ӵС
ڴȥ
ӱ
Щ£ûҽе޽ӹɷȴֱӽ˺ӵУ󽫺Ӵӵ·
һԵľ͹ԳǼˣû˵ֻǾŷſľٶ
Щû͸쵽ʲô˼ȴҲ֪ô󷽵ˣһݵλ̫ǵˣæ˸Цʷ졣
λ󡭡үҲæ⹷Ǯˣǲһʹˣ
䣬콫Ŀת󺺣³һ䡣
˭˵ǸǮģǸҽҩѡ
仰˵꣬ܲ·𲻸ţȻ˸ô컯ղ׾Ҫˣ
һ룬ֱСк֣ݺһ˦еޣתͷܵĴһ޹ס͵˻˦˸ɫֱӽǰĴ󺺰ԭء
һ״ŵĲš

ģȴӸס
Ӻأݼ̤㹷ӣ㣬뻹𣿡
仰ȼСкеս⣬ĶԷ˵ͷ˵
롣
һӣڴϵɲǣŵֱӴ󺰡
ɱ˰ɱ˰ɱ챨ٸ
Скµ˲һͷһ۷죬ƺǺ£ɷȴһСкеޣݺݵڴ˦˶ʮ¡
ģԼ𡣡
ıӷŻСкУ˾䡣
£ˣҲ㶥
ǵõ˷ĳŵСкĵ˵ͷ۵˲䷢һĨɫڴ󺺵ʮ£ĴҽУֻнûг
ֱӴСкҡڵĳݣȫ̶͹ԳǿǾ͹Գǵǿ󣬷ǰصؿһֱ쳹뿪˲ݣСĵĸȥ۵ζ
ո˴㣬ﲻ֣Ҳ죿
кû˵ֻǽǰ·ɵ÷ٴοڡ
͵𣿡
䣬СкԴǵĵ˾䡣
û͵
ꡱһӷЦ˵˾䡣
֪û͵ǼȻû͵Ϊʲô֣
Скͣ˽Ų̧ͷһ۷죬ɫЩס
ΪҺ˺̡
û˵ֻСкҵַ˵Ҫؼҡ
Ск۵Ҫܾƺ뵽ʲôźݺһҧ˷쳯ȥ
ֱ߽ҵɲǣŷ֣Ǽңһ
棬ȴһԼĪʮߣ治ϴСкһæȥ
̣ûҩ
ɾڷ߽˲䣬ͷһβľ͹Գǡ


167 컯
͹ԳǰûбʶƵΣҡڵվǰŷһһ
쾲Ļͷһۣ۵Ծûֱת
ʱСкȻ·ͳһ黨⣬ͼҩġ󽫻̵ϣתߵһԵС¯ҩġ
ǣСк뿪żվһԵķ죬ЦЦָָСкĵط˵Скͷ˵һ䡣
ѡ
Щ̫ŵĵ˵ͷȴųһĨӵЦݣɾʱ⾹Ȼӵĳתͷȥȴǰ޴Ĵ󺺴ʱС˷˽ԸһӹٱһԻиСģվڴ󺺵ԡ
򣬾СӸոջҵĺ£ʮޡ
δ䣬󺺵־ͺݺָ˷ϡ
ЩٱߵԵЩ˶Լ֮⣬ֻʣһӣٱȴжʮ֮࣡
ߣ
СģӿڣΧĹٱ˲һӿϣ죬СкȫΧ
Сӱ۸ˣŻޱӸ״
룬һⳡ棬ǵ£Ϊķһ䡣
֣
ǼôСһʱҲЩˣһֱȺٱ
Скһֱӳ嵽̵ǰΪһս˭Ϸһ˦еĳֻһɫâʱһȺٱȫ˺Զ
һԵСкֱӿԭأվ⿴Ϸľ͹ԳиһĨԾ
СһԼӡʱǶݺݵָһԵĹٱȥץˣҪϴŵĹٷֱߵƦӡ
Ϸæ𣿡
ǵûŵĿ͸Сٷ˾͹Գǵϡ䣬˲Ų˽ſ壬Գǵжʱչһȣ˿ûаæ˼ɾǽ˲䣬йٱͣеĶ
ŰСٶĿӵĹԳǣŰľ룬Ŀɿڴĵһ䡣
ȻǴ빫ӺͳǹӡС۲ʶ̩ɽ֪СǶλŵˣӱСļơ
СٵĻû䣬һб

С͹ˣ͹ˡ
˵⻰СһкԭصĹٱǱɵ˵Ĵ󺺱Цߴߣ֪˴ſڣǴ󺺲ŷӦΪçһС١
ʲôôˣǲżˣ
Сһֱ˴󺺵ͷϣһɸֵģ
ɱҡµĲǼӿ˼֣һСģæӿŲȥ
ȵң
ֱǳʧǰջĿ⣬ǺһĨЦž˾䡣
λȻǽкպǹӡ
뵹û˵ЦĿŷ죬һԵĹԳǻ˻Լеȿ˿ڡ
ҿ֪ˣ԰ǵһʹɣ
û˵ԳǺ;æΪ˺棬ϾҪŪȺٱ˵ֱ׾٣عΣ
˶˺þãֱһԵСк˵˾ллŽ˵Ŀת˹ȥ
ڿ˵˵ǴΪʲôץ㲻˰ɣ
쿪ڣСкͷŵԭί
ԭСкû˸ĸһ̴ֱģǰһˮֱӽǰסӸˣԭµļĶҲĶˣʱ˷죬䵽عĵ۶
˵䣬Скȴûһȥ֣ǿԼ˫ͯǰλ󺺣ǲݵϰ塣
Ск˲ʱ˹һСĽˮ˿˵ϣ˲Ǯһû˳£Скʱ˲ҴҪر˿µĹʡ
룬ٶŭ˴󺺣ֱӽ˵ŸӸ͵ԵǴҲû˸ҹʣϾ󺺵ĽǸٶôһѹ۵ı»У
Ȼ߲ѣСкСкȴӵĻ˾䡣
ʮ塣
ֱԭأʮ壿ԼôͷȴԼߣֱĿתһȦ̷ͣһ᲻óԵĻϣ˴𰸡
˸ַСкַСкȴǿҡҡͷ˵ѾӺɷԼԶһˣҽһǴҲ鷳ˣǹǮҪˣԻݹ
һմӿڴöСкУȴСкؾˣɵ̾˿
ȻҪǾ͵ҽģˣַҿɺã
Скһ㶣ΨΨŵŵĽöӽ£Цתṳ̂ȴСһ䡣
лл
ͷСкЦЦֱ̤
ʱ벻ԼĲ񣬾ȻԼ֮󣬴һô컯
ֱ뿪ѾԶ͹ԳǻЩͷĻͷ
λһ·˰ɣ£Ƕ俴ң
ʹع翪ţǰſڱտھͰѶߣǰѹԳǺ;ŵһ㶣ԳƸЦǴ˳ſ˾䡣
㵱ʱô֪Сû͵ģ
콫´һۣǳ˳
Ҿʱ㲻ҲȻҲһۿû͵㻹Ҹ˼ʮˣҲ˼Ҵ٣ССĽ˼𣿡
û뵽ô࣬û¶ȵЦ⡣
˼¿ɱС˼ˣȻ¶֪ǹӵ䣬㲻ǲЩ


168 ͼٹ¼
һ˾ϣ·û뵽Լ;ԻԷȻ̸Цֵز
ǹӣҵûʲôҲա
쿪ڣתߡȴԳһ
ȵȡ
ͷɺĿһԳȴڷǰ˾䡣
ֵνΪľǹ㽻ºܣСȻԸ¶Һ빫ӻύһ
һԳ˵ô秵ģʱ߸ԹԳǵӡôˣȻҲ秵ʱ
ĨЦݣʶĹԳһޡ
ûҿôشģȴѾˣʱɫɵģ˿ʱ䣬ֲ賿ӣһϸµճеļΪŨء
μǰĻ棬Լڴô˶Ҳ˯šɵ̾һҴӴܵϴһŶɵҷŷţ¥ȥҵԵģȴ֣ĴȻˡ
ɳԵ̨ȴţ뾹Ȼô죬ֱɳ˯ˣ̯Ӷûǣذϻһ飬˵˯˲Ĩƣȴ޷ڸǡ
̾һһط̺ӣߵǰϣȴۡ
һ룬ݺһ§ֱӽ§뻳Уúֱܽܽҵļ
ȥΪʲôŶң
ľݺһ㶡һ˫۲֪˵ЩʲôӾĻȴˣ·ʲôҵĿϺݺһײҵҲȥ
ûȥ˯ûţ㲻𣿡
⻰˵꣬ҶʱЩˣҾȻþ
ΪҪҷ𣬿һŸ䣬ʱһڣȻʲôҲû˵ľ̾˿ҲֹͣȻĻ
һ˾һ⡣
ָ˼𣿡
˵⻰ʱҵЩɾ˵ƭңһ㶼ƭңСһ˵ָˣȴûġ
һ𸴣ʱʾ롣
Ҽǵ㵱ʱȥñʱ򣬸㱾ǹ˵ͼֻܶѡһ𣿡
⻰˵꣬ɫ˲һĨ˵ֻܶѡһĶûȻа취ġ
Ǳأ
Ҳ֪ԼĸˣҾȻ˾ȴҡҡͷ˵ʱò˵⻰ʱﻹ˿˿Ҫ
ұĿ⿴ɫʱ˰ףֱӴĻܻ˷䣬Ҳûң߽˳緹
¥ص䣬Ҹƿǰ뿪Ĵ͵ղԼʾǸ⣬δЩЦô֪ܲ˴˯ŲŻصɳ˯ŵİɣ
ԽҺãԽǾۣܸоҵǰֻԼһֱûп͸ѡ
¥ʱѾ˷ˣҼ򵥵ĺ;緹ڼ۵С˭û˵һ졣
ֱҹЩסʾͼ顣
ΪҲһͼͼҲ⣬ûаѻ˵ɻǶٺ˵Щͼ顣
ֱ˸ĶҪͼѧͼٻ
С˵֡
롣
ɾ뾹ȻˬĶ˵˾䣬ͼֱӸңҲûʲôãͼٻĲ˭ġ
ϴôͼٻģ
ҲЩ죬ֱӿʵȴһüҡ
ͼٻ𣿡
Ҷʱ˸ۣҪ֪ٻҲͨѵͼٻ
һ룬ȴңȻٻ˹ȴͼٻģ⡱ĺǹԼסġ
ɵӶ⻰⣬⺰һܺèοһԹ
Ҫ֪˾ʮ˧֮ףƹʮֱʮޣĿôױٻ
û˵Ҳûȥƣʵʲô£ȴֱȥȡǾͼҵУҰҵͼóͼһϣȻںϳһ
ͼϳһ֮мûĻ񣬷һƬհףƽĲƽһʱЩɵۣʾô£
ȴңһѾͼûķһͻǽͼٴμŻᷢã󻹸ңÿҵһͼںһһ㣬Ҳ֮ǰǿϼ֡
һʱЩ죬ͼӾнӹлЩţ뾹Ȼľôףͼøҡ
ʱͼһ˯Ļûаɫȴʱңͼ֮ôǿΪӡ˰ٹ¼
ٹ¼ܷӡٹٻٹתΪԼĹͼȴֹ㣬ɱ˷ֵģȴֻ㣬ģҲ֪
Ȼ֪ͼٻٹرţƣһûͰٹ¼ϵһȥ
ٹ¼аҲнܣȨðٹ¼ٻǿһ̶ȣܹʹɾȴˡ
˵ٹ¼ʧʱ伸ȫֻûҵϣȴûҵٹ¼ټ
аܵĶһ˵رаһʼҲֻٹ¼Ǵ˵ȴû뵽Ȼ˷ӡͼ
Ƕֱʲһ뵽ڳɽ֮ϣȴȻʧڹУٴγѾһݣܸо֮ƺʲôǣ


169 Ʒȼ
ƾ߹ңͼͻһʮأ˭֪ʲôأھ뾹Ȼô׾ٵĸңͼӡŰٹ¼ҸоЩ֣
ɵٴνھǰһ顣뿴ķӦȴûлرܣ˭˵ķ죿
ƾҲѿڶԼ£Ծ˾䡣
Ҿ֪ҷ˭
ȴûش⣬Ƿҡ
㶼֪֣㲻֪˭𣿡
һ仰ǺȴֲòϣһҪֱӺ˵Ҫǲ㣬ɤֶ˵
̾˿ɫҲѾˣ¥ȥ˯ֻȴ⡱һ˶ţҸսֻ𣬷ַ˾Ȼ
ҲôõͼʱԼţ
˭㷢Ķţ
վԱߵľȻҲ˶ŵҲͰ˵ˣҲ֪ΪʦǷƾҾȻѡ˶Ծ˵û˭
û⼸ڷң
˵̧۵˲䣬ҹɫһǣ貶ˡ
ұ񿴵Щ飬æҡҡͷġа
û˵ת¥˲䣬ҴϸܳһĨԵʧ䡣ָоԼǲв
Ϊ˺˵ĻȻʼ޶˲¼˾롣
Լûм䣬ɱΣһλã֪ᡣһȴʮģһֱΪ
̾˿ѹ£һصֱӵ㿪ҵĶš
㻹ͦ͵ġҵ޷ĶȡͼҶ鲻ͼ˭
Ҹظô֪ͼϣȴڱ༭ŵɲͣĶһ̽ҵģһˣ
ɵʿˮһʮڵȵĵڶš
ǲһأǲأ
ѡûأֱҡ֮ԸӦǾͼΪһͼںϣͼܻӦ˿
ʲô£
û뵽ֱ벻õͼҪõĻԺҪĺܼ򵥣ֻҪղ
ǸֻҶֻܴͷܳǼȵˡ
ǲƾҺҪǻղҪҲǡ
ôָоҪǹԳ֪лղҲ鷳һ뵽Եıɫ˲Щ̲סֱӴ˸
ɫµӡ治һֲ
̾˿ô
ȴҷ˸ַҹȥ̸ַڵĵطЩƫԶҪû´ĻӦһɽ
Ȼû˵Ҵӻﻰ⻹ܸоȥ̸Լһˣڶʮˣôһ˳ȥû
¥ȥ;˵һһ뵽ǰҵĻס嶯ҵõͼָ֮ǰһҾΪ
ǰж룬Ψͼҷͷ£ϾںϺͼͬûôҪȥʲôҵͼأ
ϴŵɲǣһ̲סĻͷһۣĶԾ˵Բ
Բûкҳ̹֮ǰҲʲô˵
ҲŴӾҳΧޱȵ·ƣƤЩףƤвƣƤףɵҵĵ׶ʱһ㲻õԤС
߳С˵ģæӿڴͳһֻʣСʱĸ֧ܣẉ̣̂Źţǣֱ˸֣ҽȫ
ǴϵĿ֧ддʿʦЩ棬ڸ
æպã˵ûСĽľóɾҶϾֵ˲䣬ԼԼľָ˸
ŶݼΪߣֳߡ
ҶӵףĹ¸ףŶݼĳ׸֡
ǵʱһνĹ徻ľ֣ˡ
ǴڻĹＸǲ棡
ɵãɫ˲䷢˵Щ˾ֵͣǸղŻڸ˾˿̾˵ƵģԹԵĿų
ɫǰ£һϣһ˾ϣ˾һɲԤдļ𡭡
Ҳϵšϵİ뿪ţ־ǱˮסƵģôŤûκζ
ǿֲĸûд򿪣ǽŵĴӣȴһɹ⳵ڴȥҲӺ˰ء
ҶʱµĲУȥ˾ȴ˾ɫɷײ˵ϴŵ·Щ֡
ϸϸһ͵صɴ˫ۡ
˾ģ
ǰϳʱûע⵽˾ĵʲô·
СĴӿڴͳŻƷ˾ϣȴ͵һζǰһֱӳҵ򡭡
˾ݺݵṬ̌Ž¿ƽȡ
ովȻһӭ
ʿڻǰѵ
ҵɫ˲һֱӴҵļð𡭡
ɾʱ˾ȻŲҰޱȵŤͷһۣߺܰĴţжྪ㤾㤣ҪǾô飬ʵķԾܱŵֱӽгˡ
ոڸ
˾ʮֱæ˴Լģ˸ûͣȴڳŵһֽճɻҵζ
˳ζҽĿתԼУŷǰóļŻƷȻƾȼ


170 
⼸ŻƷƾȼһȶȶûиܵѵǹ
ŵֱӽĻƷ˳ȥɾڻƷֵ˲ȼٶȶʱ˼֣ûƷأֱӱյֻʣ˻ҽ
ֽҵζڿΧĿȴʱ˲併˼֡ƷǱаĶȼѾǷǳˣټϳգҲֹס͵ش˸
ֻ֨һɲӾȻȵͣһʮŷʽС¥ڣԶ˿ֱ˳ͷղʿȴ͵ط֣ΧһƬ·ƶټĻʲôʿ
Դýָͷ뵽ղ˾ŵˣô¾㱸
һ뵽ղľ֣Ǳͷĺ󱳸˺üڣĽҰӣҹֱ
С¥ޱȡһ˿ҲûУҪ˵ûΪ׼ʲôܰ͡ȿ˸ȳԡ
ֻó뷢źʦо뱨ȴ͵طԼֻһźŶûУ
һƬͷΨһһö·֧ߣ˵ǶǼٵġ
СĴ˴˫ֵ֣ĺۼһɶŵŽżƵƿС¥Ĵš
֨ѽһű˿һƬʲôһɳʪζ˱ǶɷţҶʱͣ½ŲվԭСĺ˾䡣

ģ
߰ʮƵġ϶ⶰص
ҶʱҲɵۣҳκһˣȲ˵û֣󺺣ֱӰ̵ˡ
Ǳͼͷԣ̫õǰһ
һڵȨҵб˻ȥֻһֱڱ״̬
Ҳɵſһҹһͻߡ˭֪᲻ҲŪ˵ʲôڵңϾĽҰģǹ»Ұۼء
ſ˺þãȴҲİӰ˷㣬ȻҶûпԽƽҾԽǺ£޲ʲôֱӷҪɱҪҲһֱǿ
ֵ˺һᣬҲȲסվȴƿî˵ݺݵĶһ
ٲҾˣ
룬ξȻõĻӦ
Ǻǣǲҽ𣿡
仰ڿлصҶ嵽ǴӷӵĴ˵ĺܶԣڻǲҽȥ˼ȥֳһ䡣
Ҳҽȥ㲻ҳԼҼˣ涼¶𣿡
⼤ûãЦЦ
һ룬ڶ˵˾䡣
󣬴ϵĴ಻ȫ治𣿡
Ѿ˼вȣɵӶҪȥĻʲôڵҡ
ûżӦ˺һᣬֱоΧƺʲô仯תȥͷһתȴ͵ԼĿġ
ͼһյĲ̸еģӦһŶԣǡ
Ŀģ
ֻߣ̽ң
ҶʱͣеĶٴԭλҸƨɻûǣԺȻ顱һƺʲôҵǰ
һɹŨѪζʱ˱ǶȻŮӴС¥£ŵأԽʱһء
ŮӵʬҲ׵λã̫ǱųѪ˲ϣŵġһ˳͵شӵվ𣬸ƺǰ¥ʬ徹ȻĴӵվ
ʱǶˣվֻ˫ȣǹҹһ䣬Դ˵һڽԣ˵ʲôݡ
Ůûע⣬ֱӰԼͲӶšƵġ
ʬ͹Ǽ٣ôĵĻǵһμŵҲ˼ô࣬͵ؾͳǴһƣ˽ȥȥ˲仹ϡ
ϵɲǣ˸ˡ
ζʮţֲָ󻹲ߵߵߵŵֱϡ
͸ľŴϢȴǰŵòС
ҽŵĻڷݺһҧŷϣŴӿڴͳֻ㽫ֻ㿪ȴڵ㿪˲ŵֱֻӷ˳ȥ
ҵѽ
Ƿӣ
ֱʬѻ࣡
һ߾״ʬڰգ򱻶ǽϣ򱻰ڳι״ӣšݣһȫɴ˫ҡ
Щֲġ
ֲЩʬһȫʱڵۣҡ
ȫǴɫģʽͱɫǼЩƣʺĵ׺ȴ㲻ȱɫˡ
ЩʬȫԭأֵȴҾãЩʬȻᶯʬ壬ǹ껹Ҫˡ
ΪҸ֪ʲôʱᶯ
ҽŵһֻţȥرԼˤԶֻκֻ̫ԶվԭֲҶֻ̬ա
С¥һ¥ĳ棬ֻҲǲ򣬿ⲿѾŵĲˡ
ҽŵĴӿڴͳһƷ㽫ȼʩչʲôھ棬ƷһûκηӦ
ھȴտĵлص
Χܰķ·ʱ䶼Ҫֹһ㣬Һݺһҧٴζſ
軹벻Ҫղˣ
µ˲䣬ԺȻŮӵЦʮּϸ̶͵ػͷŵİ֣ȴ͵ط֣ȻʧˣɴȴҲ򲻿ˡ


171 ջ
ǾԼûɵɵľˣֶϼ׶˵ʿƿٲҪֵġ
ԼŮӵЦδЩ̫˰ɣѵ˵ֻŮڵң
С̧ҪźûеƵĿأҲ֡ȴʲôӲĶͷƤһ飬һĽĿ˹ȥȴһЦĶҪѵϵҲ׵ľ롭
쳤ϴ󣬺ڵľһ޵׶ټֻ۰ȴȾѪͫףǰŵġˡһһƨ˵ذϡ
ŮǼЦϻصҶߣⷢЦŮӣȴǰŮ
ҲϵĳŲһƷҪƵĴӿڴͳϣԴмƷڵʿȼ֮óĻƷûô
ҼĶɱˣҪǴʱаѵϣһԥĳǰŮˣ
ŮңЦĸӲˣɾǰŮЦ˲䡣һԵЩʬ徹ȻЦ
ЦⱾͰԵøӿֲͷһת͵ҧʳָƾ̹ҵջֱѪҺڿлһ
̫Ͼ
˲䣬ݺݵŮϣһէ֣ŮѪĵķ飬Ҷʱ˿ȥҲ׾ֻȴ⡱һ˿ŵ
һͷȻִű˴˿ȥɴȴʱһӰ
¥µǾ߶԰˵ʬ徹Ȼʱ˽
ƵƵԴӵ̧֧ٶҷЦҶʱĶˣ
ڵջһѪѾѣοոѾһѪ˿軹ҷĶ
ʬ߽˲䣬ĽŹһ
ҺµĲϺˡȴں˵ɲǼԼֻ˲͵شӵվ𣬿ɲվûȻԼĽŸݺݵˤ˵ذϡ
ֱҴӵŮʬѾߵҵǰҵ˫͵ԼҪҳҵܷĶȴֻһö壡
ҽ嶪ȥ˲䣬ѪŮ쳹Ժ֮ҪҪæ
Ҳ밡
ڸҺѪŮһѪŮųֱӱ¶Ŵϼ
屻Ҷĺ׼ֱŮʬϣŮʬҷ˺Զһ齺Ƶճϣ˺˺еĸζҲԽŨ˼֡
תӣǰһ˺һӱ˸˿ƿ˲䣬һ¹ֱӴӴ˽ǰһСյ͸
һѪɫƾԭأɻɲǣ۾˴ƵģԻ̤̤̤Ƹ߸Ь·ĽŲ
ұŵӶЩˣֻͳŷȥֵͲȻΧŵЩʬǳˣûʬӲͷƤǿǳ˹ȥ
ǰһ¥ݣ¥·Ȼ֪¥ʲôܱȴã
͵ؾͳ¥ȥɲûȴȵʲôƵģ͵һֱӴ¥Ϲˤۣ
ʱǼѪɫҲҵǰֻһգŷ֣ԭ۲ƾģи͸Ӱ֧
ӰȻ͸һܴɢǴϢᵽΣյϢ
һ¥ܴпռԻˣѪ۾Ҳżһҡ
ʿˮٴοڶſ˾䡣
ٲҲûô
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ѵ˵ԼĲ˽壬ƭ
ɲ̫࣬ѪѾҵǰĨ͸ӰҲֳһӰһűݺύݳǰŵֱӴУӵվ˲аֱӡ
ѵƨµ˳Ҳֱ֪Ӱ˺Ӱ
һɴζ˲ǹĸϢŽԭصѪŮʱһ
ѪŮ˫۳죬Ȼڿ﷢顱ıһûӦɲǼ䣬ֱ˷ĩʧڿ
ôŮȻͱˣ
Ҳǰûɱֻûڻˡ
ȻϵѪȻʱĶƬʱ׳˵ߵǾŮʬǰɲǣϵİȡһǳɣҧһĨѪӡúݺһ磬ǽϵ״ɢ
ал޽ҵģʱһЦöľȻ£û뵽ʱȻһ
ö׳ŵŴȥžǱܽƵģҸ򲻿
ֻ취ˡ
վԭվ˺þãҲûٳʲôĶڱЦŮҲûڳֱ֣ҳŶ¥¥ȥ̤¥ݵ˲䣬ſ
Լʲô˼
ΧһƬžûκ
Ҳ²£ҪɱҵĻͰɱˣҵʱ԰ɣ
ʮְûκ˸Ҵ𸴡
ԣ̽ң
䣬һЦʱ𣬾ȵĻ˾䡣
ͦġ
ҡǡһû˵ֱ¥
ɫ¶Ҿϲ𣿡
䣬ܸǴЦȴЦɲǣ˴ӵذ
ˣ


172 Ҵ
ҵ˿϶ǱɫɣڰҾнڴܹɱҵ£ȴһֱһ¥תҰһ¥Ĺֶˣ㲻ļ
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ΪֻͻյĻںϣŴϼ
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Һݺһҧۣ·ʲôѡ


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Ȼʮۣеѹȴ˿ϻʺġ
ūźµҡҡһ֪˵ڣ조šһæͷⶥľӿĵ졣
ū֪
͵عһĨȴû˵ֱʽϣŶųʵ˵ȥתת
϶ʱ¶ֽţɰ಻סȥˣָҪǰ˵лūŸŵʱ򣬳۵ײɵ¶˼ϲ͹ʦһۡ
ʦûʲô飬ȴڳʽĿתȥһɲǣ¶˼ֵѪǽһľ
ʦʮţһֻʱܳ˵ʨӣ㵹Ǻƾһޡ
һתת˷ūŵ󣬶󻹸żʰŵı»
˵Ǳ»İȫɶ뻹ӵİɣ
ճȰźõģƽУʮƾɵƽ֮ҵһԵǷš
ΧʮңƼ˷ؤŷ⴫˵һ˸˫ֿʼ֡
ЩˡȫĻ˺ԶеײһԼӲʯǽ֮³һĨѪڵϳ鴤£Ӧء
·ݽ棬硣
Ųķ죬ǺµĲϺˣ˾һèƵǽǡ
̾˿ȫվԭأǰһֻ֡
𣿡
ŵ˫ԵͫףµĲҡͷɷȴһŵԼС
һһڵֶʱһ𣬷۵ӴʱżϳɣԷ˵˾䡣
߰ɣҲ˺ġ
ʮ࣬ȴĪܸ˴һְȫУžǣ˷ָ
컺Ĵ߳ƶߣɾŻعɲǣһūٴο˿ڡ
ǣҪǰǴ˹Уūſô
̧ͷūһۣһû˵ȴѾ˼һԣӿڴͳһ˿ȥ˷ϵۻࡣ
ۻ౻ȥ˲䣬Ƶģһ˫ʮɵ۾ŷ죬ȴЦЦ˾䡣
㡣
ֱסˣɷȴʱȥµ˵һ飬ȴҲ֪ĴطŻعģͷūţʵ
ǿм˽ڣ
̫ҡҡͷ˵ûУŮҡͷ̫ȴָָŮ˵С
Ůݺݵĵ̫һۣȴòӲͷƤ˵˾䡣
ūżС
ͷȡһֻӣõŮǰ
ɷҽ㣿
ŮûӦֻ˷ͷż棬ȴû˵Ҫ÷ŶϾƽӡ
ţ컰µ˲䣬ĨвȣŵŮˡһֱӹǰ
ū澲ңū澼СҪǰǴؼô
û˵꣬͵һŮϡ

һ𱰵ļ澣ĽΪǣǱʲôˣǵ𣿡
Ůŵæҡͷɫ԰׵ĺһѪɫһϵ˲ǰŮ֣ӷС
³ĸ֣ڹи󰲿ġ
Ůܾȴеɫŵֱӽϣŷļſڡ
ܽŮģضǼŮ˼ңŮļҸòȥ˵ϣСƣƶ˵ȴϲֹٱ
콫Ű⣬ӿڴͳöӷУͳӵ˲䣬Ůŵ۾ˡ
ɷȴ˲䣬³һ䡣
֪ҽĲãôǾ͵ţ壡
˵⻰ʱ۵Ѫŵ͵ع˵Ͽͷּ򵥽˼飬ŴŮ뿪
뿪ʱɫѾ˫¶һֱŷȥıӰþòŲ
Ļ̾һǰһ֪ԼʱȵˣΪԼĵˣѡ֮ǰ䴦Ǽ̣
ϱû
Ťתĺܿ죬ͣ͵ţÿε֪ŹĲôĻ棬зͷڹڹƬΡ
̫̫ļ䣬ӿҵԺ֮У֡
ҵȴҲʱǰ
ĺܿ죬ۿŷѾһ쳤ԼĪ߰ģССӰżٰɹŮķŴڳ֮С
ŵԵĿ־Աڷ
ʱĳʹװεʮϲ죬ԻСĴŷųŴ£Ļͷŷ˵˾䡣
֪𣿽츸ڹ磬Ƹμӳ磬˵̫ӣκκ̫Ӷǰء
һ۵׶ʱ𼸷ֳݡ
̫Ӻκ̫ӳʲô


177 λǰ
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪˵ҸҲ֮ܿһͳһ
ͷֱ㵽˴һģһСĿתŴڵһС
ҿʹκʹλˣʱŵɫһס
費Сľ͹Գ
һֱΪǰҵһμǲ룬ȻڶʱʱǰҾѾ˾͹Գǡ
ʱĳͳ˺ƫǽԶģþ˵Ժô̱˭뵽Сʱ򳤵þȻôɰС̫Ƶġ
̫֪ˣȴû뵽ԳǰȻκ̫ӣһˣ֪浽ַʲô
žѾĳݣȴǳ˳ǣСĵ˾䡣
Ϊж񡣲
ʱķͷദļΪǢĶԷʮΣԼ׽ȴԷŷǳƽ
ŸǴм죬÷̫ˣڳʳҲûԹԣ˹ʦԤԡԼȻǸǣҪѽٳ
ô⣿
ʱȻһϸĹѷͷŵĻһ˴˵ע⡣
ɸֵĿһ͵ؽŲ磬һŽ̫˳ȥСĶԷ˵˾䡣
㣬ңȥȥ
źµĵ˵ͷ棬̤ɲǣ϶ʱһĨεЦݡųͷ
ʡ
ʮ۰죬ƤӷǵûˬʴЦ˼кԣΪ˸ܡ
ʱǸûзŵĻãǽ˽²ŻẰ䡣һɺĶǳν
ʽܾ͹Գǣ̫ӣκ̫֮ơ
ʵô˵溰죬Ǻķţ֡
Χ˲϶ųʳޣֹǶıССͱ˵ĳĻŭţЦ
Ŀȴʱ͹ԳǶһۣӺٽĿתʱ۵Ѿ˼
ȻǲĿ⣬ݺݵĵһۣμ棬ѾĽ
˼
뽫ϵĲˮ𣬷ڴ򣬳ЦЦССǡôҵĶߣ
ɾʱκʹ׷ų˸񣬾˵Ŀġ
ĿģȻͬʱ
⻰䣬ϯϵʹʱųһ亹Ҫ֪࣬κأƽ£
κǰѾʱͬʱųҪд󶯾
ɽŹţһȴȫ˿Ϸ״̬
ȫֻλһλǳʱ㱻ʱеǣһλǴֳһλŮʮֲóûûˤӣڹзûзŵһλϲ̨Ĺ
ղûżӦ£ǽһת˾䣺˶ϡӵΣΨԳһˣнü֮ơ
ĻȻû˵ȴȫһǰųʮֳ谮ֳ
һϯ뽫λ
ȡֳǽɽУ
һʱ䣬ʱˣǴСʹȫ׷¹
һɨλĿͣ˾ϣͣھϵɲǣ̧ͷͷһۣʼû˵һ仰۵ȴ˺üء
Ŀת棬ȴܸоʲôԾĿոһתĴһֻԴŴķš
ŵĿ˾ͷϣʱ۵׾ּʡ
ҵĵ˲һŸòƾ֮ǰİɣ
ɢ󣬳ûӦκһҵף˽ټ̫Ӿ룬κ̫ӹԳǻ档
˵ʲô첻ö֪ȴߵ鷿ǰö֪顣
ʾȻӦ͹Գǣֳ֮ʱִͻ֮һˣ
ϣ͹ԳԵĽóʴΪϲ뿪ʹɲǣȴõֵͬһ㣬ڰıͳһ
ǵĵһվǳ
ŹϵôõĹԳǺ;룬ܾʮֲӦ֮󵽵Ƿʲôֵֵͬܵ涼Ƶģ
֮ļʮ飬˴ŷһ棬ڹϾɹɴʱķŶڷȴѾϷܣġ
ĿǴŴУܿ
ķţ̾һͱɫ񰡡
Ȼʮ꿴ϣûʮأһӻˮ
֮Ļ棬޷ǷƾƾĻȣҷ֮໹ȥƾĻУȴûһƾͷͬʱֵġ
뱣ţҲ뱣ƾɣ
ɾڻŤת֮࣬ȴͣ˷ŷĽȴʷ֮ϣ
˵Щͷŵദ֪ڰӣ⻹һμԼһŮ
˵Ҫʲôݳʣֻһ˰ɡ
顣
ŵķͷʶȴڼŵɲǣֱӷ쭣ϵ̳֮ϣҪǴ˳Ψһϣ
ҿ⣬ĵǺǺһЦ͵ʱķһģһȻʮ־سʣʵǱԵݵΪĵˡ
͵سųһóʷŹţɳȴһ


178 þħ
ò˵ʻǺݣµѷŴ˸Уŷ첻÷ǰȥ
ô÷֪ĲðһɳȴǴѷ޵Ļȼˡ
֮ȫ֪ˡŽŷΥʱʱͱһƾλʼıãȻ֪ĸ࣬Ϸһ𹴽࣬أκռ
Щӵһ˳Ƶӽǿһ飬Զȵʱƾ˵ҪʵĶֱ࣬ۿԼӻʳһԾ£ƾ;ܲܵߵһĻ棬۵Ķһ
ҿƾʬ˳ɽ£ҹغ˺ܳһʱ䣬ļһΣٵһҹ͵ػһ׹⡣ֱӽƾ·ĹѨ˿ҵϢʱ
Ҫû´ĻʬٴĹѨҡһ¥ռ˻գ˰ɣ
ɾҶ뿴˭ʬĹѨߵʱĹѨںȻһҾȻŷ촩һϮ´ĹѨ˳
Ҹ޷ţȻԼĹѨģ
𾪻û꣬ѾһˣһĹѨô꣬ʬأٴҲֻǸëͼİ׽ѣ
ǣϲûгëµͣʱʮģϺĸǴʬˣ
ֱɵԭأʮĴĹѨĳ֮һųɽȥҪ˫ûһ˿ĻΪ츴ˡ
ɸµǣˣһʬʬˣһ˵Ƥңûаͷϴյȴȫˡ
˵ϣǾԲƵģ
⵽ô£Сĸ˷조ʬ塱뿴αΪĻգɾҸ˳ɽϵɲǼ䣬е͵ؿʼϼһƬƬɢȥޱȵҹоȻһ˫Ⱥ۾
Ҹ̧ͷֻ۾ӣͱ۵׵ħŵòУΧȻʼҵĻζضɽҡʮֿ¡
ҴվԭأѾ͸ܸܵó˫۾ңǷ졭
ǰӡͼĻþôܹ
ѵ
ҵüͷ͵һɫ˲Щ԰ף͵ؾͳɽ뿪þ
ɸģ
ʦôþôûҵôȥ
˺ܾúܾãܵֻҪԼһ̧ͷܿ˫Ⱥ۾ŵҵʮӣ·ҾֵµһֻϣʮС
ǰϣҪ̧ͷܲС
㵽˭
͵̧ͷ˫Ⱥ۾ĵʮֺ£þʱԼʲôûʦ˵𡭡
Ҫڻþﱻ˴ϣôҾͺпԶþˣ
˫۾ûлشңΧħȴ֪ˣ˭
ҺµĶҵһžݣڳɽôܣҲ˷ʬ壬ǰĹѨҶҲˡ
ҾȻڻþĳɽ·˫۾¶Ĳмʮη塣
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֣ҪôҾ棬Ҫô
Զڻþ
ɫһ͵شһԵһֱֻ֦ڲݵһֵ֣ʱĴ˫иܵ˼ּ
֣ҵڣҵ״Ŀ뿪þɼȻ˫۾ûֹңӦǲþ֮ڣ
ܿ죬ǰľֱãҽ˷˸λŶݼеİʿˮҽŵȰŵλÿˣŵĹλĶʮֲ
＾ر硢£ļĩڶڴġ
ǶŴҲڶټϾп޹ĹҪǴӿŵķλߣԻĺܲҡ
ˮڶر£ڴģļĩ¡
˵ڶŵķλȥΪȴ㹬ͿһĹ
ļ£رǳ֮£ģڶڴ޹ͻƣ
Ŷ޷ߣҽŵֿ˼ŵλãɾλõɲǣΧħŨˡ
˫Ⱥ۾ҽŵ̧ͷһۣȴִʱ˫۾ȵĻʱпͶų⣬ȵĽ
ʿˮ̧ͷ
ǲħ
ûңɴʱҽŵĸ޷עϾ֣ȻԴ˸
ŵĸսĿתƵһԣȴ͵ؼɽϵѩȻʼˣ
ˣ
ʱҲһ£ǰǽˣҶֱӴģԴ۾֮ҾȻժһԵ֦
ǣڽ˻þ֮
ҵɫɷײѣϵ¶Ҳܸͣܵɽϱ¶ȡ
ա
ԺȻһԶŴ˫Ⱥ۾ȴҸ˼֣ҽŵǸ֦͵ܵһ뿴ԼܴܲľȴֱӺݺݵһͷײϣײۡ
ˡ
Ϸ̫ıڻþ
ݺһ͵̧ͷָ̧֦˫Ⱥ
㵽˭װŪ
䣬е֦˲ȼ


179 ħ
ȵĴ˲䴫ҵУСһеֱ֦ӵڵأ֦ѧѩص˲䣬ǵûϨ𣬻ԽԽ
ԴЦ⡣ξԶ˫ȺʱȻ𽥸ֳһ͸
ģİȴ÷ǳϤһɲǣļð˼ֿ־壡
쳣ϵǸˡ
ܵľȻ俪ʼ֧飬еһоһأŵĴܣģͶĿȴޱȡ
ա
һκңε֮ǰǰԶŴ񡭡
ҵҽŲ˲ͣͷʦȴ쳹ҵԺ֮У
ͷǰܡ죡
ұʦ仰͵ذȾͳǰȥɲȴԽԽһǰҲԤУһ˫԰׵ִץҵĸ첲֮
ա㲻𣿡
ŵĴһƲ֣ʦٴγҵԺ֮С
ǰи£ȥͣͷ
ʦȥҲ𣿡
ĵһ䣬ɾʱѾܵ±ϡ
죬
ʦ͵ٴҺݺһҧֱȥºܸһͷֻоԼڰƯ˺ܾãܾãǵԺֱ䵽ΪԼҪһɲǣˡ
ԼȻ˴ϣǸͼҽڻУƮɢŵħ⻹ҷĲǱ֪˸飬߰㡭
ǰǵߵǰ춼Ķᣬмֱӵڵء
ɵڴãֻ顱һžһŸ˿
㡭
տڻû˵꣬ҷеľʱˡ
ô£
εҡҡͷ˵ͼں֮󷢳һҾͻˣʲô֪
⻰Ȼģ˺ǽϵ죬ߵĲϣʰڵذϵĲֻʰĲһ͸ģһȴǺڵģǺڵĶǲڵҺƵģȻڲ
ߵħ
뿪ڣڵҵǰұĿ⿴Щ̧ͷʿˮû˵ƵȴԽԽˡ
㵽ڻ̹ףҪʲô鶼𣿡
ʧ䣬һĲ̲ͽԼͼþڵ˵Ҳ죬ԺоȻʦ
߾룬ʲô֪
ҵĵײ첻ѣʦΪʲôȴ͵һƿ˴վһˣɵĿתȥɲǣǸӰֱʧˡ
˳ҵĿ⿴˹ȥôˡ
εҡҡͷ˵ûУŵһȴǶ
ղڴվŵˣȻʦδ
ѹҲþʱʦҳѹҸ;ʦܼʱֹҡ
ǼҺȻʼûлش⣬롰ţһҴǰ۵׵Ŀʮ
Ĳ˵𣿡
һЩҡҡͷ˵ʲô
̾ϢһСĽҴӴϱһ䣬;л˵˾䡣
Ժʲôǰ˵֪ϳŵħϢִ򲻿㷿жż𣿡
һʱЩ죬ʾ롣
㶼򲻿ҷţ
ɰ˵ҵ󷨱ˣħŻͼĻþ֮ڲŶ԰ҡ
Ҳµʲôʱôˣ붼Ʋ
ȻƲĻǸħôڻþôģ
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˯ɡ
һҹΣڶʱ۵۵ûУڴ˺þãֱԼî˾ȴ־Ѿߣ¥Ѿ緹˽
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һɽ֣Ƥ˲һʾ롣
ȥɽ
㷿ϳֵħܴôħˣֻˡ
뿪ڣ۵ʮֱǰֳһʮּɵӡڳɽǸħģɴʱȴʮֲмһʱҶԱ١
˵⻰ֱ¥ɾھ¥ɲǣֻȻ˲俴Ļ˸ʦ֣æֻ𣬽˲䣬ʦתͷһûӦͷѾתһߡ
תͷɲǣȻڵ·һվŵʦ
ʦһ϶ûߣ
ʦͷ˵šҳ¡
ûʲôٶ˵飬ȻΡ
ɶʦĸмѣʦһֱң治֪Լô졣
ûʦ˵ֱ˻Ȩ
ʦҲĵߵ󷨣ǲҼӳˣԾƲ
ʦЦ˵ǣԼ
Լʡ
ʦңǲǵòʱԼѪ
ҵͷ˵ǵãʦȴңһжǰźõģҲֻһӣͼµ󷨣
Լӻþκ˶޷ƿ󷨣
Щ⣬Ͼڻþ￴ħ˫ۣҷ߰ŵħǼ٣Ȼκ˶޷ħôģ
Ҹհʳڣʦȴ֡
ħ
ڻþʵûħĳ֣ڻþˣֵһĻڳɽ֮ϣҵħˣĵµǸ˵ģ̻˳
ͷȴ͵ؾﲻԡ
Ҫ˵þħħģħǳҷħôͣ


180 еϦ
Ҹհʸʦʦҡ
㻹ǵãϱӹ𣿡
ҵͷ˵ǵá
һΪʦԭ£һΪƾһΡΪԼ
͵ءҵɴ˫ۣȻԼ¹ĵصڳɽ֮ϡ
ҵϢ͵һʵǰڳɽ¹ǴΣǲǾǸħ¹֮󵽵׷ʲô£Ϊʲôһȥһħ
ģǸħڷʲô£Ҫ㼯ͼ֪Ǹħȥģǵ㡣
ʦ˵仰ʱ̾Ϣ
˱ۣʦ˵Һú׼׼ҪȥɽӡħĹѨû⡣
ʦ仰ûӦǧǧҪСľ룬ңϺпܣһͼ
ɾҵĺòǼٵġҾǾͼѾ׾ٵĸҡ˵ҪȥѰͼһʦôɾ룬ĵ׶ʱЩζʦΪʲô
ʦҰ˵ȥͶˣ⻰˵áҶûرֱĸоϵϢ˼֡
ʦҲ㣬̾˿Ȼ˵˾䣬ӽңпΪľͼ
ЦˣȻǰζ˾ϣɾѾƭһô϶ǻˣôܻƭң
Ҹհ⻰ʦ˵ʦ˲ңô϶ǻգ
ұʦŪöʱҲýšһʦȴұ̫࣬ôþãǧڱǰ¶ͺá
ҸΪ⼸ΣϾͼͺ⣬ɱĻ˵ڣʦȻһ䡣
Ǻ˰֪ôڼ̳ϷŸѪͼִɢĻǣ
㶮Ǳɢɢʲô˼𣿾Զʧ֮䣬Ͷ̥תᣬؼһƳʣ
ұʦʱŵĲᣬһǲʦ˵ӽΪͼʦ̾һɸֵĶ˵˾䡣
ɣҲ֪ԼȰ㣬ײĲᣬϱӶ㵽˾Ҫɱ㣬ǿԼ˵ǰֽɱ
⻰˵꣬ʦƺ뵽ʲôһֱҵϡ
֪Ѫ˶ʱһѪģҪǰźһУҽ治صߡ
ʦĻŸ䣬ҵĶʱдƵģۣ˵Щʲôȴ͵һŲʦĵ绰ҲҶϡ
ű򿪵˲䣬װڴֻ˽ɫ˲һ
緹ˣθ𣿡
εҡҡͷȴڷͷϵ緹ȴһֱȥ
׼׼ɣȥɽҰȷ
žȥıӰζӳ£֪Щʲô
ֱ磬žȥɽķɻҵ˼ŽתǰĲ춼ĵס
ɻϣС̽Ե˾롣
˵ձɱΣô϶Ҿǻգôڣ
תͷһۣĿʮƽҶԼĪ룬ŵڡ
Ҫǻָ䣬֪࣬ԭ𣿡
ҵɫ˲һû뵽ңհĿתƣٴδҵĶߡ
Ǿǲˣ
Ҳ֪
˵⻰ʱҵ۵׾һĨԼݺݵһӵζѹ£ͷ˾һۡ
ϣһָϣһָԭ𣿡
û뵽뾹Ȼûлش⣬ֱ˷ɻһȥɽµĳӶʮƽ
˳ɽ£ɫѾˣʱǶΧ𣬷ѩҵͷˣһ·ıԵЩǱ
۾룬ͷȻ˼ѩȴǳΪĵ׺㽫еһС׹˼ɡ
ҹĳɽ¶ȺܵͣʪأǵҵԲѡڳɽסһ
סǳɽµޣʮܰӣõϰǸˣһǴԶģ꺮ůǶ˽
ɾҺϰĵʱ򣬾ȴ˵˾עⰲȫȥһˡ
ҡûӦѾ˳ȥ
žıӰʱһ˿ССʧ䣬ϰһЦҡ
Ѱ
ұϰ⻰ʵһ㶣˲һȦһɬĵ˵ͷϰʱЦһżĽĶ˵˾䡣
ʱѽҲһѴԶɽѩ˳ɽѾˣֻڳɽ¶һޡ
Ҷʱ̧ͷ˿ܣŷ֣޲СȻһЩסôãȴûϰ壬ɵãҿ˾䡣
ϰǳɽ˰Ϲأ
ϰɫʱ˽һĨ
Ĵģûء
ҶʱЩΣܸоԼǲ˵˱˵ʹϰȴʱ˵¡
ԭѽϰ֮Իڳɽ¿Ϊ߿ѩвеϦϰɽ¿ѩǴΣ˸ŴɢˣҲ֪ߵģȻһɫĺ
Ҫ֪ɽϳѩʱǴ죬ôܻкĴڣ
ϰѼɫĺɫĺ峺ɼ͵ĺȴûкǺɫģһããһƬѩµһڣʱ棬ҲԼ˶ӣֱӳƬȥ


181 ̵
ɵǺɫȴŸʲôһźһԶǺɽȴԨʮֲֿ
˵ʱϰϻ¶˼־֣ʮֺڵĵ˾䡣
ҵʱҪ֪Ƭ⡣Ҷȥġ
ԭϰߵǺϵʱһźоȻ¶һ˫Ⱥ۾ŵֱӾܣûѱѩϵʲôȻ˹Ƭĺ
ϰܺ£ɿԼİ˵ȥֲܲܣǲϵĳﶪѵ֣ûκλӦܲȥѰѵʱһλס˵ѵȥѾˣ׷úðϧԼ
⡣ʱŵòᡣȺ۾
òڳɽϵħɣ˭
Ҹտʣȴһ飬ţܸоЩƣûҷӦϰҵȵкߵĺգ˵ǵʱ߾һһѵʬ壬
ֱϰｫǳ¾ɵƬеɲǣ˶ŵһƨɴӵ
ϰ˵ʱˣ
ϰͷ˵԰Ȼʮǰ飬Ǽǵر鲻ǡ
ҵɫʱЩ԰ףϰʮꣿ
ϰ۾ۿתһȦ˾䣺񡭡ʮǰɣôˣʶƬϵ𣿡
εҡҡͷŷԼʧ̬˵˾䲻ʶֻǺܺ棬ȴǷͣ
Ƭˣɡɳɽʮǧôģ
οСʱӡ̾û뿪һ죬Ǹɻ˱٣һӶҪͻ֮ؼϴ飬ûʮ¸ز
ϰҲǿˣɽѩǵһվ˴ӳɽȥ˾ͽ˵ģȴһ˲ó̡
ϰҲ֮û̸󣬷ȥĵڶ꿪ʼ˳ɽ¿Сõ꣬廳ȥĹˡ
£ΪϰеʮϧȴҲõһЩ
һǳɽħķӡȷɶˣںСĵطжȡһЩǿ
һ̺пҲڰЩʲôǺǻ޷ۣڤڤܸо̲뺦ңҲẦңЩºпΪҺá
ΪʲôָоԼ֪ӵлҪԼشȥһˡ
ϰЩҹѾˣɳȥľȴٳûлҶʱЩģһ뵽ħпܻɽǻŵĲУҪǺŵϰҹƶܾ͵֣İοˡ
ֱȵҹԼĪ賿һ㣬뻹ûлǳ׼ˣϰﻹǲǵóƬɫĵطģ
ϰһ䣺òΪѵǺ˰ɣǺʮ궼ûڼˣ㲻òģѵҲִ֪ˡ
ϰ£ȴӽܾûзִ磬ôΣյĵط뿪ôãܲģ
Ҳǲô࣬ϰֽͱʸңϰһǲҪдǺľλã
̾˿
ˣǺϴôˣһСŮҼҵĽɽһѩһЩͻ±ô죿
һֵĵطϴʱǱŵĲᣬ˱顣
ȷǺֵĵطϴ
ϰͷ˵ȷʮÿ궼ȥǸطƬɫȻҲûҵԲġ
󣬱˱ۣȻЩΪʲôڳɽˡ
ǷħķӡɶˣҪ̷ӡȴϰ־ϰ֮̽ħķӡӳ֣ƬɫҲûгֹ
̣һҼʮֺͰ۵һɫҪǵʱڻĹ¶֣޷;뵽һ顣
ǰһũиǰǣĶӣôص飬ôܻһͨˣ
Щûڱ¶ԼȥҾľģϰֽͱô
ϰһ̾˿ֽͱȡŵǰֽϻ˸Щ죬ʱĸ֧֣̣̣Źţǣȫģдֽ֮Ŀɿڴָָֽ
С㻹
εҡҡͷ˵ţԤġ
һ֣۵׶ʱһĨ⣬ǲŶݼף
ҵͷ˵ǣʱҼǲǽ
㶣ͷȴܻ˹̨Ҳ֪ڷ䵹ЩʲôһԿס
ⳤɽ¿õҲΪ˼ȥĹˣΪһŵʱҵľȣ˵δһ죬иСסҵõ꣬Ҫǰչ¶˷ˮѧʣֽҰԿ׸
˵Щк˵ʲô𣿡
ҵĶʱǻͨͨͣ˶ϰȴֱӽԿ׷ҵϡ
û˵ֻ˵Щ
Կ׵һ˲䣬ֻоԿʮֵıйħϢʣʲô˼
ʮǰͰźһ㵽һɽϰ
ΪʲôְԿ׸ңҪôʮĹϰԿ
һûԼ˼أϰȴŶһ˵ˣҵľ˻һţҲˡ
ϰһԵĹóһⱣãȴºۼģŷ⡣


182 ƾ⣨һ
ҽƾӳһù˽ӡ
ڳȴκˣҵĸ뱾κŻӣȴŮŮȴʱκʵ۴Իɱĸӡ
Ϊݱ¹ŻӵȴɲܴǸҵͯ꣬СκʹڱĻ賤
ҵĸȻκʹ޿ҶգȴһżȻʶ˵ʱĳʦǣ룬뿪κʹ˳
ҲͬǣСиܹǰݣʦǹŵӡ
ңȴΪųܣģ£С㱻װ̫ڳʹܾ衣
κӣĻĳﱸһУһջصκþŻӵݶһУκĻλ
ɸױ롣ȴΪһŮˡҲҵĸ׳Ϸˡ
»ڸŵ֪κӵݣһŸңһҷţΪĸױ
һݡ˳֮Ѫ󣬽ڰµЩصκرһУȴûɵ顣
ΪһŮ˷Ŀ꣬޷ģΪ磬ĸףɵʱĸѾǳʵ׻ԸĬĬػƳ顣
״ûҵĸסΪȨƣ޷ĸ뿪ʹʮųԼ
СʱҼĻǸһֻӶ乬ķ˼ˣڸվﰵԲԼ
ֱֽҵУİŮˣ졣ŻȻ
ԭвưˣģϧˣںĶȴԼֻɲǲſ塣
ʶʱʵѾʮ꣬ƫͷСȥ߰ģԷһֱҵĽԾӡ
ĳ֣׹˼ӳҵʱҲʲôоֱҵݱ˸׵ʼΪԼıһ֮ʱŮװݵ;ദԼؿ͵رȸ׹Ҫܵʱ
֪ˣǡϲ
ҵļϱŸױʹΪĸ׸ƾʲôϲʲôȥϲôȥϲ˵Ů
֪ڰ캦飬Ҳкã춼֪ģվʶǿСֻ̫ůˣȴԼ
ѾҶȴһбʷ֣͵͵Լ԰ҲɾµЩۼһЩۼֻ뿴Ϊææģ
Һ˳֮ⶼκǣҿɲ˽Ϊһѣ
ҿɲ˽ΪʵԼﻹ˺Ҫһλã
ɽңҷҸܲڰ;ӴӣʱѾ;룬Գ˹ĶԲߣڶԲõĵ֧˾͹ԳǣǸԻκﱸ
صƷţܵ˷ǰϾҪˣģ̫Ӿ롣
û뵽ǣ˵仰֮󣬷쾹ȻûӦͫ׳Ѫ˷һ䡣
Ϊʲô
ΪʲôҪ֮ࣿ˶֪𣡡
仰ҵ͸ˡ
ԭ֪֪ʲô֪
˾룬Ըͱǲ㴰һӺưͣһֻܻԼ֡
ڵƿ˷ţʹҪȥҾ룬֪Ҿ벻Ϊ˵ʣͱ㴰ҲֻԼˡ
ǳķ죬ϼ縺Ҫųٲʢˣǳ̫ӣûκμᣬж϶ˣǳһι
޷Լһκһʱף룬ԳǳΪˡ
˿ʧػʹӰҺңԼһ֣þ͹Գǰ뿪˳롣
һֱԸϣԸϷ֪һУȴһֱˣʲô֪ķ죬Ըҽ;뺦ҲԸϷ찮Ǿ롣
ӣҲԻʣŽӻ˹УͬףŷΪֳ
ʵ;һֱ֪ڳʽӷŻع֮ǰѾͬף뽫޸롣
Ƥӵ£ôԼİŮ˼޸ˣ
ҳϣСˣĺ
Ҵӳֻܻľսսʱ̾һ˿ʧҺ£һʧͽԼٲ
ֻܽԼķֻԼԼɱ˵ӣԼܳΪ̴е֮ˣұ˳ᢣһ˿ʧ
ɾڳͬż޸뵱գƵֱ͵ܳǧӭȢĻĿ
֪ǣһ·ҶȻµıߣɵҿһϮվûȺʧʹ޵ʱ
ҵģҲ֮
Ҷǰ§뻳УΪøϵˮҰԲ
ΪеһУԸԸߣһм˼ģ
ҲܣҲܣҲܣǷ죬ų˵ķ졣
ǳʦƾҪɸԸΪĸ׸ƾ
춨ĵˣȴʶһĨĥģ


183 ƾ⣨
Ұ㣬죬仰Ⱳӿܶܶ˵ڡ
ԲҶ޷˵ұǰһѪ顣ݶģ㻹ңǵҡ
ǵһλȴ𱨵İǣƾ
ȢûãǾѾеİͼıãսĵһսӾݿʼ
ͬϵǰ㣬һ֪ͳȴɱóΪЦ֮󣬼ģһ
֮ԻˡĲҪĺŮʳҩ
֪ѾߵһعκıϾҪٳ¡ҺͷһϻᵴȻ޴档
Һ
Ҳ֪ȴûٿĹЦݶûչ¶
Сʱ򣬸ڷǶʱ⣬Ⱳӹģаһμ˰ɣ
ҪǿԡԭңҲһӡ
û뵽ǣڵ֪Ϣ֮󣬽Լڹҹ˲֪ȴһ
ڹҹҾƣ£˺ȣҹΪԼУǽⱲӵľһԺȸ
֮󣬷أӧҸû뵽ģˣˡ
ҺȻʶһս֮ϣһŻʲô˼
ҲһеܵĹ֮УȥȰȴִԼһƬۺݺݵ˦ҵϡ
˵
ⱲӶԭˡ
˵仰ʱҵľһֱԭأƮȻȥӰ
ҶôȥݺݵĽ§ڻУһУΪ³Զֹ
Щֻˡ
о仰˵ĺ
˭óֵˣżȻһ̻һЩʲô
̻Ұ飬ȴ𣬲ܰ
ҵĸһҷϣųֺγǣ
Լĸ鶼ȥԣҺԼһ˫մѪԼҶģ
ǰһףӢˬ
ҿͷ¶ǹӣκԴǶ޷ݡ
ڲսʿһҪĹˣϣ
˵Ǿ䡣ڣڡ֮󣬹ƣȴҵġ
Ҳ֪ʲôʸģ
һв룬Ըڴ
սϵķٴμ룬ѾһּΪİ񿴴ˡ
֪ˣݺݵķˣʱҲԼֻĿеķ졣
ң
ְλãң
˽º;кܶν֣ܶλ棬ȴûκʽĽֵ졣
Ҳûϳʵò
ս˺ܾãֱڽڰˣƵ˻ʳǽ£ʱУʺԽʣ춼û¶
ΪǳϣôΪʳ
ʳǷһֲ߻˭һУ˿޷⣬֪һУֹһ硣
ֻҪڸ߾룬˭ȴûС
ұ˭˽һǲϻͷžı飬Ҳû⡣
ǿı˭ɣ
ӻʳԾµɲǣҾȫ磬Ҳ̲סֱӳ嵽ǰȴһ˿½Ƕû
ˣҵǰ

ұʲôʸ˵
Ҫڳʹ繷˭ϧң
ĨԶӡҵԺ֮Уһ̣ҶֻĵСĵĶ˵
Ұ㡣
ҳȥʱ򣬾Ҳ˹ȥ֪ԼΪγȥɣ
ÿ÷ϤҴʱҶԸ˹ȥսʮֽȣþϾȥ̫ࡣ
Ӿ뱻Ȣŵʱע˰ɣ
ֽ˳ɽ֮ϣһͬµģҵġ
˵ڷ󣬾յһţǹڷģΪŵֱ˳ֹš
дʲô˭֪أ
ȴܲµ
дģǾĸְɣ
ộǵɰ
룬룬⡭
ôİ飬ⱲҲˣϾҵĺССֻ·һˣӡ
ôӣҴеĻ䣬һˣɸ׵Ըɡ
Ҵһʼҹ飬ļһΡ
ֱһռʢұһռݵɲǣ˵ĲŽ˹
һֹͣ࣬ȻָҶɵЦ˺þá
˵û֣ȴΪյűҳΪգҼ֮ƵܻسɽҪ򿪷ķĹϵкܳ
Ҫ֪·ųúͷһģһһһһһǣǼ׷ֱġ
ڿĹѨǿһĹ餣Ҳ֪ǿЦڳɽѩò
Ҿ֪һԡ𣬱ض죬ô
һһ£ϴĻգǲǷ죬ȴЦŶҺһ䡣
ƾþò
۵ûгޣʮƽƽֻʧɢ겻ĺѡ
ҴվԭΪʲô
Ϊʲôˣ˳ɽȴ˹
ɻȴûκδ𸴣Цң
Цݺǰ㴿˼ڰΣһ۾֪Ƕҩȴ̲סҪӽ
뱨ңǾ룿
ЩڴĿڣɻȴḧ˸µңҡ
ֻг𣿡


184 ƾ⣨
ʱϤİŹȴ޵κ˶޷ӡ
Ҷôشһ䣬ҵѾû˳ޣȴӲĻһ䡣
԰㻹𣿡
ЦЦû˵ɫʮֵĮһ֮ǰķǰ㣬ϲԼԶܽԼá
ͳһ˳ѳ
ȴÿüۣЦŶ˵˾䡣
Ѿûܿǲ䳣ǸıȸҪʢհҵΪʲôҪһУ
һ仰ʱ·ߵϼҵĹڵˮǰЩ޵ݡ
ôģЦãҵ˾䣺֪ڵҡҪǲ׵ȣ
˲𼸷ϲɻûȾüңСһ䡣
˭
ѽ
ִѿڶ˲䣬ҵһǻԸ˲ԼЩЦǸˣֲˣƾʲôõ
ҪҵĸţҪʲôսʮֺһְɣ
ʻգΪʲô
ֻһ䡣
㲻ġ
ҺԼѾҺܾãܾá
仰ʱһģʲôҲ
ѵʲôҲ֪ΪʲôҸоԴɻ֮ʮϤȴ쳣İ
һпĸһֻΪеľ롣
֮ҡĵ׵һжȥ˾ĻŻϷӵݴ֮
ˡ
˸׵Ը˳ޣԼ·ҲĹκӰˡ
Ƿ죬ȴֲǷ죬һܹضˣݣ˸ҵһУŶݼףһҵĶѾõͼ˳
޷ţ˵еĶȻ䡣
ɻȴңǾĶ
ңԸԹա
ĺܰ룬һ覴öûС
鲻֪ԣһ
Ļ;ط꣬¾覴õͶĻ
ҶĳƺҲ˽㣬ȥݣƵԼһڸ˿ŵˡ
ңֻǻյĵܵܣƾʲôʦҲû˳ޣû˼縺İ
ҾĿŻռͼĿź͹ԳǾµľ롣
ңȥκĶ𣿡
ҡͷ˵롣
ҵģҵģҵģҲͽͣȻκڹԳǵܹٲʢһȥʲô壿
ܿģµЩƽգ
֮У̫̫Ҳ̫̫౯ϡ
Ÿɫһʮֹ̬صⳡ֮У¹ķţһʮİ
Ȼ֪ħһħȴǴֲ
˭Ҳ֪ʱ׷ʲôֻ֪ʼͻ룬ʼݺգ֮ᡣ
ֱҶ޷ƣŻȻƾʲôԼܹݣ
ǰΪ˳ޣΪ˸׵ԸҲϲڵ֮ϣҰݵȴˣˣҸõĲվ󣬶ǳǰΪڷ絲ꡣ
ա
֪֪һŮӣҪ˱Ҫʲô鶼Լǰ棿
֪֪Һ㣬֪֪Ҿһתܴľ룬֪֪Ҳػ㣿
ɫĹҲ֪ʲôˮ㣬֮޵С
ҿ޾ԨԼٴӦеȨȴˣȫˡ
ⱲӶĶʦ¹Ϊԭ£ԭ㲻Ȱ裬ִصߣֻΪһŵ
㻹Ϊ¹ΪģǴ
֪֪ûΪԼ
ʮһأٴž봩װӭȢˣû֮ǰ޵˺ѷΣЦˣЦıȿ޻ҪѿҶֹ㣬Цˣȴۻͷҡ
۾ǲֻƵģ
ЦˣᶼҪˡ
仰˵˲䣬ȴֱ˽ҵĻУҷʹࡣ
֪֪˽һе˲䣬ʱԶֹͣһӣһ룬һҶá
ǿȴҺ£ҿҡųǰߣ·ѪɢһأȴΪ
ҿžһδθ㣬ǵԽԽžȢĻʺǰҫűɫѪ֮С
ڣ̲ˣƵľҲܲˣΪȡƣֻԼڣÿԲ۵Ŀȫǡ
ȴֱ㷢֣ǶصƽʴˣȴΪԼΪ˾롣
㺦´Ļû꣬뿪ߡ
ڣص˳ɽħ˴߰ͷ­ǡ
ԼҲˣΪԼȻΪԼȥִȴΪ˾롣
ʹ㣬Ϊʲô
ΪʲôҪôִţΪʲô̻˾ôˣһȥȴ±ˣ
ʹܶΣڻسɽǰһҡ
ԲⶼǷģ
޷⣬ԲʲôǷʲôҪôĥ㣿
һǣǳƼ飬ΪʲôҪΪ˾뽫ԼĹȫ룿
գ˾ϣ˵ĹΪ
˽ᣬҲΪ
˶޷⣬㵽ҪΪɱ㣬ͼ㻹ȥˡ
ǰһ㽫еһжңʹ㽫һжңһϧ
ֻϣ˵ǰ㣬ֻϣûнĴˡ
Ըǽľ޳
һֻأȡʱܻصߣغ㡣
֪һУɵҿֽϼ̳ŸѪ̵ĽǴɢ
һûסȥĿһû뿪룬ڻǱɢʱÿζԾ˵һ䡣

Ƕɢˣ̸ʲô
ʶһĻĻ˲ӿҵԺǸұ裬ڰ֮ʱҶ߸ңҪضͷҪҼǿŮˡ
һûסǱɢʱ򣬽Ұ˵˿ڣҲˣ̹̹һأȻǲమźС
Ȼһ뵽Ұ㣬ȴӵʮᡣ
ǸҰŮҷ³ޣ¼縺ŮҼ֤;İòã
£ֻеĹ͡
ֻҲŸ޼ɵ˵㡣


185 ħ˴
ҿŵɲЩɻ󣬿ɲŷɲȴֱɵˣ̵ּ
ǻյģ
Ϊʲôлյּ
ϵݾȻֻһ仰
֮ˣһϲԼΪӡ
ԼΪӣ⵽ʲô˼źԿȫߣȴһ𽻸ҡΪʲô
ԿһǹŶһ۶ܶϵĶģ
ҵĵ׶ʱð˼ɻ󣬿ɾʱ⾹ȻһŲ̧ͷ㿴˾Ӱ˿̵մѩһСѩɽϵƵģ˧С
ô˯
ɫ˲һʱҲŷѾ賿ˣ׻˵ĺãʮ˯Ҫ˯Ҫ
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ȴܴϰһ˼ôͽɽɣ
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һͷϰЦЦͷ˵
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˼Ժ緹ֱ˳ɽ
ǰѾһΣߵʮ˳ɷӡħĹǵλȴЩԶһ·Ͼҵ֣˭ûп˵ֱǰϴνĹˣĵ˾һ䡣
ħôǿ󣬴ҶôɻǸʲô
һ㶣ͷһۣµĽŲ˼֡
عΪ磬νΪħɡˡħ˼¡ӡŵģȴħħ˴
һħ֣ʱŰ˵Ѿй䣬ǰֻء
ôǿħ𣬾Ȼӡ˳ɽ֮ϣ
˴֣ĵ׾һĨԼ˵ĸоԹޣΣʲô
Ȼħôǿǻ˭ӡ
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볶˳ǣĿתнŵͼȻû˵˼ȴѾǳˡ
˴Ǳͼӡڳɽģɷӡ˭ȴûп˵ֱҿҪߵӡ˴ĹѨ֮ϺȻͣ½Ų͵ؽһ󣬴һӣɲǼ䣬Χһ磬ǰƬѩϵѩȫ
ѩ˲䣬һŨħ˲ӵص
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ֻ˲仯һѩһϵİѩ˲ħ֮ϣγһޱȵıţҲȥ
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˵⻰ʱϺεȴһϲԾ˸ɲǼ䣬ѾĹ֮ڡ
֪Ϊʲôܸоν˴Ĺľ֮ǰЩ֣֣Щ˵
ֱܿĹѨ֮ŻȻ
ԴӾϴ뿪ָ֮ԽԽأҲԽԽǿˡ
˴ĹѨǰĹ򵥲٣Ҳ൱գĹѨڵľٶǹһʮɡ
ֱɽҴĹѨǸֱ۴ֵĹײģʱҲŷ֣˴ĹѨʮأĹѨûһƷ˵Χǽϣذϣ
ĹѨ
ǰ̼䣬ڹײϵȻ˷ĩһĿιЩĩȫ˳ȥ
ҶʱŵҪеǾ䣬û뵽㻹ͦװġĻΪǾЩ顭
ѹϴγīʱңӡûɣôЩ˵ƴһģ
ٴοڣײӡŵġˡһ㣬޶
һ룬ɿҵ֣͵һĹײģŹײһ֪ĹѨζԻɳɳɳ·һ룬ĹѨͻ
Ҳ֪ǲΪǵŭˣײﾹһǴԶŴġ
кż֪ѹɲǣ˫һ˵ϣھ뼰ʱסҵ֣ҵȥѹ
ҲûܹɢѹǹԳǣľɢѹҲûǿһ˲䣬ܰοұ֮ǰңѾǿ˲١
ʧ䣬ܺ͹Գǣƽֵľ룬ʱȻɵֵסħѹҵĵײɵ÷˼ֲ졣
˴㲻Ǻ𣿷ӡɳˣôײ
ӾУŨŨĳЦŶ˾䡣
ˣܰʣµķӡˣûԿҲǳ˹ײĵġ
뻰µ˲䣬ɫ˲һ䣬Կף
òϰｻҵǰѰɡ


186 ˾ʮ˧ڣ
ɾ仰Ǵ˹֮˵ʹƵģײ͵ش顱ĹѨĵذ嶼˿ײȴ˿
˴֪һָеļˣҺϵġһ㡣
仰˵͵һڵ·֮˸޷ţ뾹Ȼָ˼䡭
һȴܸо˵ļ䣬ǰ̫ӵǶΣΪʲôָоҲ벻ס
ײĻζԽԽ󣬶һǽŵ˲·ڴöԿףܸоԿ׾Ǿеǰѡ
ɾھմת߳ĹѨɲǣһɹİħӹӿ˲佫Һ;һһɹ紵ҵĲӺŶ޵ĹЦѪұŵ˫Щɾֵȴ˼֡
£ҡ
һ仰ȴҵĳװһͷž롰šһһĨȻЦˡĨЦ˸ոȴֱӽǡ
ħУ·һӰϤİͽվǰҺ;룬һӰʵ壬һͷûɻǰŵòᡭ
ⲻϴξ߱ɫٹҵĲӰ
ѵħ˴ĻڵӣòǴӹг˰ɣ
ûҴӲл˴Ѿת˫Ⱥ׼˾Ŀ⣬ȴ쳣Ϥ
ݣҴ΢΢ǴмΣ
˴㵽ڻ˼𣿡
ԴĿڡ˻˴Ŀȴھ뻰˲䣬ҵϣûһ˿¶ȣη塣
·ʱУ۵׶һ˿
û뵽ѹһ㻹һ˼䡣
˴ЩƮͶ䣬ħֻ
û˵Ǿ˴ȴоΧ¶ԽԽͣ͵䲻Ķ˸΢΢ͷһۣԼϵĴ¸ҵϣֱǰ˴ҳǰߡ
ɲû˴ȴٴ
룬˵ǰ·٣ɱΣִɢĻǣپۣǺ㣬Ǽ㣿
Ĳһ٣̧ͷ˴һۣЦ
Һ飬ֻҺһˣʲô죿
һ仰˲Ǻ˴ɫһ䣬ɾʱǾ𼸷䣬ݺݵڵһȣ̼䣬ĹѨĵשΪƬ
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ΡҹΡƷ䡢β졢޳ţͷ桢
˾ʮ˧һ࣬һ٣˵ǰֵ˲䣬볯žһ
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û䣬һֱ̧֣Ӵǡ
ǰһֻ£
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˾ʮ˧Ķ˲һ٣ɾȴЦ
ħħ𣿵ܴӹгǸǧԩԹۼɵĲӰϣ˵仰
䣬ɫ˲һת
οƹ˾ô꣬û¹˭
˴ջɵʵӰ͵һɢΪһħ͵ؾӻǸײġ
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ٴڽ̸Ц䣡
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˴ҧгݵӹ𡭡
ֱӿɵԭأֱ߳ĹѨķѩһ
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ֻǾһЦɫ
㣬仰Ůӵģɰھϣȴ˿ͻ
Ҵڳɽ߰ɣ
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Ҹ·ҵȴ˼֡
ֲˣʲô䣿
ҶʱԭأԺȴٴθֳǰһֱӻ˾ʮ˧ݵĳ棬ʿˮСʾ롣
˾ʮ˧ô£
ͣ½Ųȥϵķ˪
Ҳֻ֪̫࣬Թļ򵥣ǰҸ㣬Ϊɨƽһϰ
ͻĸףֱŵһһ㶣ȴ㵽У
ƾʦ˵ӽǻĿĵģ޷ţϷݵ˱档
ȴǲɵЩ£ҪҵĺãϷǡҲˡ
ʱľѾڳɽ˺ôһȦɺȻɿңһ룬ѩ˸ѩֱҵԴϡ
ұҵĸûзӦҷӦ˲䣬ֱӴѩһѩͳžȥ
غ۵ֱſѩϣ뱻ҵĻѩҳͷһαҵ֮⣬֮󼸴ǷˮƵģѩƫ˼֡
ҵԣһѽ§뻳УûҷӦһֱӶҵĴҶʱԭأƿ
Աˣ
ȴЦŰұøֱ׵ͨ죬ŷſҡ
ûƵģҳ޵ķߡ
ͷ챻ԼˣֻоΧ˵Ŀⶼʮȡ


187 ͱʶƣ
סһڶһҺ;뿪˳ɽǰϰﻹҺ˺þãǿŮֻ̾Ϣ
صʱѾǰܸоԴͻĸ֮ҺĸҺ˼֡
˵Ҳ֡Դϴұɫƭ֮ٻ˻ղԳǣƾҲû˳ǰ
ƽ˾ŴϼʧôãûҪȥ
ҲµˣŴϼҰɣ
ۿ¾Ҫ٣ҵѧҵûɣ;ȥ˵ѧУ飬ʦȴҴ˸绰ʲôʱȥ顣
ʦﻹʮָмģʦѧڣ˵ҿѧѧУ֮󣬰˵˾
ϾѾˣѧһѧڴѧҲȥѧУϿˡҪѧһ꣬Ҫ
û뵽£ȴûӦر֧һȥ飬ұ̫࣬һ
ɾһж׼ãѧУ죬ҾȻޣ
Ҹû뵽ģҼһɲǣһֶҵѿڶˣŷӦԼ
ʶŴϼ
ɵҷ֡ȻתѧҰϵͬͬѧɲǣֱԭء
޺úõĵ۹ѧУôɵ£ѧУôרҵô༶ֱӲڵİ༶
Ҹ벻ǣҲѧУޣһ޷ѧƾ
Ҽƾ޷ѧĻֱǾˣ
˵лҪƾĶʲôʱô
ûҷӦƾֻһۡкûֱӴ뿪ˡ
Īģվ̫£ܸоԼĺЩ
ƾԳ˵̬УԻһֱֳֿȵ̬ȴڷļûİëǮӰӡ
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ңʮ̻գȻֳ룬ǹĺ
ҷ㶵ɲǣֻȻû뵽ǣ˾Ȼƾ
Զһ㡣
Ƕţʲô˵仰ʲô˼
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̾˿ҷʦĵ绰Ҹʦ˸绰պ˵һȥѧ飬ȴҲǳ˵ѧУķˮ̫ãᾭһЩ鷳Сʲô¡
˵ҿѧУѧʱϵͳѧϰаҵĶͲһֱˡ
аĶҶǿ̫
仰Ҹ˵꣬ʦһȥָаķϣ֮Ҫʲô
˵Щʦڳɽϵ飬ֵǣʦȻڳɽϣûõʲô
Ҹϰ˵ʦĪģܸоЩ̫Ծʦ˸ѣ˵û
ʦȴԺҪǳڳɽϣб˸ʲôǵõһʱ˵
󣬡šһȴԼ˼Դ̽İƾѧУ޵˵ʦ
û뵽ʦ仰ûӦַһ顣
ȷŮԣչˣ
Ҷʱһ㶣˵԰ʦôˣ
˵˾ûʲôѧУСһ㣬رעޡ
ЩĪĳĵǼʶҲᵽˣ֮ǰҵĺãŪ١
ҪǴΰңຣСϱ̽ץء
Ҹսʦĵ绰ˣƾĵ绰ȴֱӴ˽
㡣
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Ŵϼ
ɫ˲ɷףŴƾ
ʲôʱ֪ģ
䣬ҲŷԼȻУƾȴûӦѾ֪ҵƵģұ˸ַҹȥ˵
ƾĵַѧУܽԼĪʮӾѾĵַ
ѧУһҿƾڲ棬ϣ˳еʮ⣬Ҵ
ƾ
ȻңЦˣ
ֱӱƾЦɵԭأҪ֪ƾһΣ¶Ц
£ƾЦݻǳůġ
˾ڼҴƵģ߽ʮ֡ġİѲ˵ҵС
ʲô
¿ŵƾ棬񿴵ЩΣֱҲ̲סֱӿ
ʲôʱ֪ģ
ƾҡͷ˵Ҳˣ۵׵ЦŨˣ۵ЦЦĵȴһֱ顭
ɵã͵һĻôԵ̽ңôԵĺ߽ƾôܿ͸ƾһֱװ֪
ƾǰ˵ģֻڻǰŻֳƽ׽ˣŮĿһ׵ľ붼ֱӱӳȥ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪֳһôҵӣΪʲôҪֳ˫˸񣬶һǰ˵ô뻵
һûסֱȫ˳ƾȴǲǰĿȣ˵˾仹ݵĲˮúȣٲȻһλߵ̬ҡ
㲻ã̼ģ̫Ȥ𣿡
ǰҪиֱһͷȥ
ҵʱôŬŴϼ֮תƾѾģȻ֪һУ

ɫ˲һ䣬ƾɫҲǰʮ档


188 
ϼԸ𣿡
֪ΪʲôƾѾ֪ˣȴҴϼЩܳ
ֱ֮ĺܾҲ֪նھġϼദʱãϼġ
ûشƾ⣬˵Ŵϼݺƾദʱƾҷǳãһ뵽֪ҵݣȴӶԴңֱˣ˵ĸо
ûشƾƾҲûʧ䣬˵˾䣬Ͳµһˣʮ֣صĶҵ۾
ǧκˣҪ֪ǾԲẦġ
֪Ϊʲôһƾ˵ԲẦңʱЩƾ˾䣺ôڶң
ƾıȴʮ࣬㲻Цģװġ
ǰǸ竲ȫȥ·ƾרע
ȴЩڵɲǣֱӽת˿
㲻·ղ·ѵ뿪ƼҴլôʱޣʱԼҺȿˣ
ƾɫһ·˵·׼еǿ񾭣Щҧгݵһ䡣
·ôˣ
·վͲܳ𣿡
ЦЦû˵ƾٴνת˻ȥ
㿴Ҹղ˵ӣڿЦ𣿡
񡣡۵׵Ц˲ŵɷҲǳ㣬㲻ǻѷ캦ôҡƵĹƼѳ𣿡
ָˣҾ֪ǡ
ƾ۵˲һ˿ϲɻû˵꣬㱻ҴסϾһָ»ٵ֪ĺá
ˣ㵱ʱԼȥƼҴլ׿ں˵
ƾĨʧΣ˵ЩʲôԾȻһŮ
ƾôɰһؼңˡ
ˣȻСʱǰռޣ˿ĳһƨƾԡ
ôôЩ֡
Ȼ޼Ĵ࣬ʲôˣһ൱ģ֮ǰӴҲû˾ʲô
ʦƾͬʱңСĵ㣬Զһ㣡
ĪģҿĿ⣬Ҳ˼
ƾ˼䣬ŽĿתҵϣǲŷһԻƵģ۵죬Ȼָҵ
ҽ㣬ǲҲXģһģ
֪ΪʲôԽԽЩİεЦЦͷ˵ǣȻ˸ҽܡ
ҲŰ˵ڣ۵׵Ĳˡ
ԭҽޡ
˵ţһĨʮ貵Цݡ
Ȼð֡
̲满
ģʶĳ̽һޣӡޣҲһǴͷͣ綼ֵġ
ĵƾ൱ãôɣһֱ˶˵ĸоžˣȥߵ˾ƾˡ
ֱӰʧҺƾǰƾ
ôϵϵģ
ܸоһ꣬ǲǷ̫Ҳ֪飬ƾȴңǲǵĹиСľУǻշģ
˵ǵãƾңʱʱûûǸСľУ֮ϵޣȥСľеʱ򣬾͸оЩֵֹġ
Ȼƾ޼Ĵһ٣ƾԹף߹·ǱҶֻ࣬һۣڵ޺ϤһˣٽǸСľзϵʱ
ȴ֣СľƺЩһˡ
ȻϴûдСľУСľװŵĶȴúУСľиĸоȴȫһ
ɵãʿˮ
Сľʲô
֣ҡ
װŵһͼɡ
ƾң˲֪˽ͼúƣӴͼǶˣǼ٣һϾ֪
޲֪ƾͿʼˣѼٵľзƾϣƾ衣
˵ƾûǸСľУҲ֪ǼٵľװʲôƾȴĿʼ޽ãĹϵ
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ϾXѧû֪ҸѧҲǰøովġ
ֱƾڽ޷ѧʱ򣬿ҵӰžΣҷ˸Сޣòģҡ
һƾ˵ûʲôӦֻǾЩ֣ƾǳԴҩ˻תˣ˵̹֪Ŵϼˣôңôģ
ҾĶƾ˺ܾãƾ֪ڻҲûʲôʾҶ˼ۣ˵һؼҡ
ҡ˾䡣
·նܿգ·˰
ƾɫһڣЦֹ˾䡣
ԴҴ㣬·Ҷϰٱ顭
仰Сû壬ƾһ˵Щʲô
ȴҾûʲôһѽҴӵקĳ
һ·ϣܸоܹ֣ǰûƾݵĻ棬û⻭ôгܰ
ֱ˾СſڣƾĳŷŻʮתͷҿ
ι㵽಻ң
첻Ҳ㣬㿴˼㺦ʲôˣҸ𣿡
Ȼô˵ȴĪľƾƺ
ң
ҵĻ䣬ƾ˲ĨԳĵ˾䣺԰ҲôңǱҵһ˽ôҡ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôһƾ˵ĵЩζ밲οȴӿٵĿͣſڵɲǣҡ
֪Ϊʲô޹ֵֹ𣿡


189 
ͣ¿ŵĶͷƾ
Ϊʲô
ƾȴȻЦЦ˵û£ǲѧҪѧȥҡѧ֮Լܿˡ
ôԼа飬һƾ⻰۵˲Ĩ⣬ƾ˵ͷ˵ðƾԺûεʱȥֱӰҸ˳
³֮վԭطܸоƾô棬ȴֻƾʵ
ӣǰ˳ᢵĹʦƾƫԶ
ƾӣҲ뺦ң治֪ǰҸΪ֮󣬺ƾַʲô̾˿תؾȴתɲֱײһӲĻ
ԼԴû̧ͷұŵһī㡣
ɫڵĿһۣһѽؿݺһ𶪵ɳϡ
ҵɳֱ˽ȥɾȴɳϵ˲䣬ֱѹҵϡ
ŻѧУһ죬ͺͱеôţ
żɳƣܺȴĻŲѡ
⸱̳ģȴﰵˬֱҵİȥһ飬Ŵҵһߣĵĵ˾䣺ҲãעǸޡ
붼ô˵Ҳĵɴ˫ۣʾΪʲô
ȴһ⡣
ãһʲô²Ż䣿
һҡҡͷ˵֪
ȴĻ֡

Ҷʱɴ˫ۣ˼ǡ˸޵ϣȻӽң
Ȼ;޲Ұѧôɺϵ飬ǳģһô˵ôôΣ
һҪٲаϵѧᣬѧУĶ֪ô
ʿˮС˾һ䡣
Ҫ˸ϣ᲻Σգ
û뵽񿴰׳ƵĿһۣһ˫ϽŵЬӴˣŻ᲻ᱻĥƣ
ĵ׶ʱһҲ˵޻Σգ
ҡͷȻңҪǸڵġˡʱپһ㣬޵ںϣô޵ĻǾͻᱻɡ
ôаţĶ𣿡ʵȴ˵ǣǹ㡣
˵˵ţôоѾµ˸ڵġˡ˭ƾ񡭡Ҳµˣ
ĪģҸоЩǲǽ˰Ȼ׶Σóֵģóֵ˶׷״Ӱð˳
ҪĻôûߵ󣬶ȱ˸ɱˡ
֪֮ҵһĶʱȲ˵ǰҶ٣ξҵ˵Ҷܿɣ
ɾһҪȥƾѧϰȴֱӺһȦ
ʣˣ
ӲͷƤ˵ͷ˱ٵ׼ɾȴĻһ䡣
ҲãƾĵտоˮŶһǻڣЩٺòˡ
˵ô˵ҧгݵһĳһƾЩȻǻսģЩԾʾ룺ƾĳʦ𣿼ȻǹʦѾͨĵռ֮ôǻսģ
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һϣҶһڷﶢаϵݷôǿֱҹҲ͵ʦҰѪаһҳԿ
˵Ҳ֣Ѫаϵɲǣа͵һŨŨа˰м䣬ŵһһֱڡͨͨ
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ᵤ֮ԵΪ¯Ϊ𣬺Ϊ磬֮ˮΪԭϣܹͨ澭ͨţڴСѭֱһڵڵ֮С
ֱᵤ֮Բ̤ԪӤ֮ԪӤ֮裬ǰڵϵڵڴõٴһڵ
һ̤ԪӤ֮һڵôǱὥӿڵֱڵΪһ壬̤֮
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֮ǴɵԪӤڵҲǻǣܹ̫顣
ֱʶȫͬԪӤΪһ壬ʱԪӤĹ֮󣬷Բ̤֮
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˵ЩԺеȻͣȴǷķӿԪӤ֮һǺڵΪһֻ֮Ҫҵһ壬Ļǣֻܲأٴγˡ
ǡˡԪӤ֮ɡ


190 
Ұаָʾ﹮ؿ׼۸ϢֻоһɹʮϢʡϵڽڡ
֮һ׵滺ҰаָȥܣȴȻһ¡Ҫﵽ֮ʼаϵݣҪյɲǣֱ˫ۣ
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ƾǲǰ׳ա˶ŵȣοûеȼĻĸ綼֪νһΪ
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191 ľ֮
ұģĶŻѪˣɫĽɫתƾȴƾһЦһۡ
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˸滨Цݣ˵û£˵ллңղңҿɲԲ

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192 ˼
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193 
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ҵͷ˵ԡ
ȴҾ䣬ǾʹˣҲ˭˵ǰرң˲ʶ̧٣󻹺;һкա
ǧ˵Կ̸ģΪԿһֱڻϣ
һ⻰˶ʱЩˣ
ȻҿŻּֽ֮ʱв¹̺Сң᲻ʲô飬ɰôһ˵뷨Ũ
ǣô֪ô
ҵûʣܸоҾˣҲǵ۵ҡ
֪ΪʲôϤӣϤı飬˿̾ȻЩİ
൱ʱޣԼûбκҲûκвȡ
ĺ˼䣬ҽԿ׶׼ʨԿ׿ףȥɲҳһתֻꡱһʯţȻԶˣ
ʯŴ򿪵˲䣬ǻңȵɢȥǰȻһĴ
װޱȣҺڵķ
һשһ߾úڽƳɣҲֻо»Ķֱӵ߽ɲǣоޱȵĴȴЩ죬ŵʱô࣬ôɾ
ĵذ壬ǽȫƵģܽеһյͨ͸ԽұԽǾЩӦԼ˼˵ĸо
Ҳ֪ǲ߹⣬װε˾ȴһʬ壬һײĶûУ
ҪǴ͸¶ŨŨΪԼǲ߽˹ʹ֮ĵطˡ
Сңȴ߽ɲǣһ⣺ûý֮ƺʲôһˣ
һͷޣĲһ
ȴñʣ־Ͷˣرң㿴ܲƽȥ
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ҲǺݺһ㶣
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æǲǷ㣬ͷ˵ԣҿ쿴ֵʲô
ҲŽעתƵľȴĲУ
ܲƽȥĹλˣתĹλҲˣϲ֡
⻹꣬ǣ޵Ĺλתʱȴȣƺɣڻɵʲôھֿ
ҵĹλ˼˵ҽ飬ȽԱ߻ߡ
еʱ߲˵ѣСˡ
ŵʶ͵ؿһۣСˣò˵ɣ
һ޷ͬСϵһ飬ϾʱҲŻŴϼݣûϳңϳҵˣǺˡ
ԣ㣬ųǱ˰Ŵϼߵˡ
ڵݣȴŴϼ
ҶʱЩãҪްŴϼɺýã֪ŴϼĿĵĿզ죿
ǼҺܾû˵ǰ˻Σôˣ﷢ѽ
Ц˵ûʲôλ˵ȴҰľָ
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ȴЦӯӯ˵˾䣺СʱڵʦоµĶվһҲ˲٣Զһɡ


199 ѪŮ
޼ֱǸ죬ûҰϵľֱָӰҵ˹ȥ
ٲ˵ʲôˣŵĿ޵ɫɫȴּתɲ졣Ȼɻ
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ЦЦ˵ŴϼŮԺԺʹҺƾߵñȽϽ֪ġ
޵ҵ棬Ŵϼ˺ü飬˵ʲôرʧ٣ÿ˶ҲǸ˵ġ
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ɵҲ˵ôݵĻΪҺãɵãҵ۵һᣬԼƵģȴҲ֪ٴң͵ؾͳľͷȥ
ޣңĹѨҵİ취
ֱܳľͷǾӵʲô
ѹ޻ôżĸߣаΪаŵһΪꡱľ󷨣󣬹˼壬һУѱ
⾵ӶΪݶĵطһ˼֮󣬵˱Ϊ飬У˽ȡλã˽󷨴顭

ǰҺ޶ӵɲǣֱڶԷ󿴼˹ӰʵͬʱϣȴԶЩӣаʱߣ
ӳ֮󣬳ֵһɫĵһûüʲôȲӣа򿪣˾ӶҳҪҵ޵İ취Ҽ鷭ˣҸƾӶ֮⣬û취
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ôǿ
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ȥɡȥ޻
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ɫЩѿû˵ѪŮȴЦżҵ˾䣺òܰæˣξȥɡѵ㲻ţԼܻ𣿡
ѪŮ䣬˵ЩʲôȻһŲ


200 
һŲʱһ㶣ȴ˴Ϣ
ôۻˣҴ汲µȻˡ

޵ģŵɫ͵һæѪŮصҵѪ֮УȴѾ
ף㲻ǡ
վ͵һ㶣Ǵ㵣Ŵ죬ָҺѪŮʱЩ֪˵Щʲô
ҸεĽԭأ
ô֪а취ӾӶģһߣ
ֻоһֻڶ۷ڣؿһ¡
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ҪڲΣҹƶֱԭأӱεһ棡
һĻǵӰ˿ݼͣ˼Ƶģ㿴ңҿ㡣εĶЦЦ
ˣޡ
ݺݵʿˮ۵ǲţ͵ؾͳ嵽ǰ˫ϣݺݵֱ꣬϶ٰ𾪵Ķ׼ҵ۾˾䣺㡭Ǵϼ
ҽӲԴ˵ͷԼô͵ʱȴĹЦЦ˺þãŶҵ˾䣺Ҿ˵ϼôôԭ㻹Ưģ
䣬޺ľ§ҵļһҳǼɫĴȥԭطѪŮ
ҶûݱзӦѾߵһԵǽϣЩǽ壬Щʲôڱȥ˾䣺Ǹý㴺ϼ
һ֡ŵ˵ͷûǽ⣿
ҡͷɲǣǽȴ͵ط𶯣޼һѽ˵ϣûҷӦǽ϶ʱɳɳɳһ޺ޱȵĹײĴǽ˳
Щײڵϵ˲䣬ֻһЩײĵĹײĸ뱻˿͵ؾʹӹײһ߾Ľʬ
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ҵɫ˲һ죬εĶ˾䣬˴˱˴ˡ
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ŵ˲䣬ҼǰܣȴǰһĻסˡ
ǰĹѨҾǻɻҶϵð
ҲݣⲻǻյĹѨ
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ɢȥɲǼ䣬ҾȻײˣȻʧѾọ̃
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ңѾһʱˡ
ҵ۵˲һʲôûأôˣ
һ߶һ߿޺̵֣ô֮⣬ڹҡ
ֱұ̱ǽǣץҵĲӣסͷ­ǿҵѪȥȴǰ취
ҧĿһתȣȴһĿң˫ֲĳ˹
۵׵ıʮİҿԿ϶ʱޣûκζ
ֻ˲䣬ҽ壬ĹѨһ˼ĵɴ˫ۣҧгݵĺ˾䣺ޣң
ǺǡһЦһ׶ʮߵǰɲǣ߰ҡҡףЦӯӯңǲǽдˣչˣйޡ
һ͵һ𾪡
ԭҺƾˣ޸ǹݻǹޣ
ձɵ֮ĻǣµĻӰɡ
һ룬һֹҵ°ͣ촽Ŀڵ
þòգصôҵˡ


201 ̾
һһգĵ͵һ
Ҫ֪ܿ϶ǻյˣʦǾˣԳǶΪͶ̥ʱһĨջǰˣ
Ȼ޳Ǹ˿ǲ֮ǰıɫ˼ĹһȣֱĲһǰ㡣
Ǽû˵ޡǺǡһЦ۵׳ԽŨ
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Ȼ⻰˵꣬۵׵ЦӸĪ
һ룬̵Դһģ̵ʬӦأ˲ӣҵȴ޺ݺݵס
סֵ˲䣬ֻоҵĸ֣һֻһɹֱӴ϶ɽҵֱֻۣɲǣҵֻ첲û֪
ʱĹޣ±һźɫħ֣һ˫ڵ۰׶ûе˫߳Ķħ൱ˡ
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˵ĻĲ̫ףŵĺţȴ͵ؽקǰűħΧƵþ欵Ӷ׼ҡ
޳úڱ֡κͻֳһּµ欣ء
գ׿ڳ㲻ϣһᣬܵˡ
µ˲䡣һź͵ؽ֣һһ㣬קҽŵĵһʹޣ㵽ʲôˣ
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ңҲ޷ţΣεյĹޣȻǱȱɫҪֲĵˡ
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µɲǣľϵĹײİҲ͵رϣǰƾҲ͵ظԺ֮С
ǰ飬ȢѾǶ飬Ǹľ֮࣬ӡ
ӵĹλԽԽ;ЩԾ˱ɫҲǷ֮Ȣһλ
ȢģǹԳǵãޣ
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ĴԽԽңʱʱ޳
ɵãĵ˼ֲ죬Ǿ뷢ʧˣ
һ룬ͷϵĹײİ͵رһɣȻ̵Ӱ˹ײ֮ϣǲ԰ЩЩ£ΪթʬްҪҡ
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ŷժµ˲䣬͵شӹײȴ޶Գֵĳ̴һ£ٲȻһ֮˵ģһȴͬɽӰ˫۲ɵһ
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һµɲǣһĿعħһɹħ͵شӿĹѨ
Ҫû´ĻӦþ֮ǰЩﴢħ
ģ޵ǰһƵĶȻô֡
ߣ
̵ٴԺӹײΧħȴ͵سϮһƽЩħɢޱȵȴȻ
϶ͦװģҾ˵һһ̤ɽ֮ɵɵôôױɱ
֪ɱΪ˺գҲƾͼΪһ̱ͦǿѽ
⳰ޱȵҶȴζ
̾ȻǸԸΪΪһ̱ң
ҲֹסĴ۽̲ңܺҡ
ûңȴΪˣ


202 ɱˣ
һɲǼ䣬ΧѾŨħ㸲ǡ
ɫħҲˣǹħһ⣬˭ܸΪʲôҲħҽħõ˵ز
ҽŵĴӹײСĵһˡɹȴվԭ⶯û㷴Ӧ۵׵˼൱ԡ
̵ǰҾعص壬Ҳ벻ġ
ǧ㣬ô࣬Ϊģһ̣ôѣ
̽ŵĽһǲ԰ֽӲϾ¶־衣
޲ƣ̵ķһۣЦЦƺĿڵ֣ƣôŸ˵Ҫɱ˻𣿡
֣ƣ̵֣
ʮ̵ֱ꣬ĴˡɿӣʶƵġ
û˵˫һ۵˹޵ϣɹȴ˦˦ǰԿףʮĵȰ˾䣺֣ƣҲ֪ʲôˣӲӲ˭ֲ˺áҪĺܼ򵥣ҪԽ˴ų
µ˲䣬ɫ͵һ벻޲ô־Ϊ˾ħ˴Ϊɱң
ħ˴ħĹޣʲôϵ
ҽŵһ̣ȴ˿ûΪ⿴ЭĻκζҡһ⸱ģ۵͵׺ݣƲԳԷƣǾͱҲˣ
ߣ
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󣬡ꡱһֱЦ˳ǰѳֱ޵°ͣҶӡ
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˵仰ʱҵŵʮֻµ˲䣬Ĵӹ۵׿һĨһ룬ֱӴһħ⡣
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203 Բ
۵ֱӺ˳˲䣬Ϊ磬͵ش𼸵дӶ֣һѽ͵һףݺݵ˺Ƕǽϡ
ֻ顱һǶʯǽ͵رҽһһʯשǽϡ
۵ǾֵңƺǺǰ͵ؽǰжȥǰԿ˳
ҾͰԿϣ
󣬡ꡱһҲûסֱЦ˳ûжвˣԿвң
Ų㣬ڲ˴һ죬ҲԼ
һ˵ţһߵɴңºȻ͸һƵġ
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ҪҼԳܶɴʱŹԳȴû˿£Ҳ֪ǲΪҳס壬͹ԳǶš
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һԳʱĻǱǣҲǲô࣬͵ػΪһ賯ȥɹԳȴƾմһסҵĹ
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ҵۣµŭ˲䱬˳ɹԳȴһ䡣ҲҪ۸ޡ
ǺǺǺǵЦ˳۸ɱô˵
˵ţҸհĿתȴ̵ʬ岻ˣ
ٴνĿתصɲǣԳǾȻŹܣ͵سǰһ׷ٴһֱӶס·
ڰڽʧ֪Լֲ˶ãοԳǵʵжǿһ׽͸а֣ҲһܴĹ
ܸоԳ֮У˾⣬ΪصһƱУֺһԹۿ͡
ֺĻﱸʲôԶЦţͱ㿴ĵӣõĵԼһޡ
ҵɲǣڣ߿ԣԿ׻ҡ
Կ׵͵һȴԳһסֻѵһԳǽԿ׶ҵԡ
Կ׶Եɲǣ޾Ƶģ͵شӹԳѳԿף·ԿױҪҪ
ڹ޳嵽ҵɲǣһŲԿ֮ϡ
ҪԿףҪ
Ҫҿ϶ôװƵĿڣɴʱң֮壬ٲȻһ첻µزµģֱӰѹ޶ŵĺ󱳷顣
Ҳ֪ǲΪйԳԣݺһҧһۣҵţͲÿζȡ
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ǴӰģҼǵ˺˵Żգ룬͹Գ˸Էӡ
廯ڵʱ򣬾ǴʲôƵģܸоʱ޷һգҲὫ׻Ϊã
ӿڴͳҵϷ߹ǶμΪڰĵ·»ص̷ɲǣϷһӡǰ㻯Ϊǵʧǵȫӿǰǵͨ
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һ·ϣҺѪŮһûУЩͬʬĴҵ۵׶ȼŭ
޿ɱңԺңˣȴ޹ģ̣Ҳ޹ġ
ιԳǳְߣˣҲʶĿ
֪ˣʲôĸƤҲʶּ˵˻˵
벻ҾЩ£Ϊ赲һǶԵġ
뿪֮ǰһֱΪֻкɫҲΪֻжԴ֣֮ɽӴˣȴ֣Щ˵ˣ顣
Щʵ·˵ŻԵˣȴ˿̸ߣ
ѧΪ˴£޷룬顣
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һī㣬ҵıǼ⣬ûһͷȴӾڵϻΪһżżϣðħ
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ǰêγѪҺĹҪǷûбûԸҲҪңʲô
ѪŮƣصѪ֮УȥǰСĿ˾һۡ
ҵ֣ĳȥһ·Ϻܰ˭û˵Ҳ˭û˭
ֱҪߵʱСĶ˵˾䣺Բ𡣡
Բˡ
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ҵ̧ͷһ۾룬ûΪ𣬷ʮֵ˾һ䡣
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204 
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ҲûϣǵġšһҵĶʱһʣΪʲô
ȴһ䣺ǰȢġ𣿡
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ȴǣǿЦЦû˵ҵָ˼֡
һ·ɽ·ߵϣصʱѾҹû﷢ʲôҲûΪʲôǰʱңҳ֮ȴԼһˡ
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ʱƾҲѾ׵ֱ˷ɻƾңħײóҿ
һƾҪĵ׶ʱ˼Ĩ裬ܾƾȴ롰ңѲ㻹Ұ˴ų
أ޲档
۵׻˼ĨɣϾ˴ļʮֶݣǶǰ¹Ļ棬б˿֮⣬Ҷ˴֪֪ħ֮⣬㡣
ʱȻ뿪λҿƾüë㲻Ҳңر𣿡
ƾεĵͷ˵԰
ҵ۶ʱһ˾䣺룬ܶԾ̸Цһĸдˣħ˴˳ô죿
˭ϣһŸ䣬ƾ̲סĳ˳˵˾䣬ЩĻ
ƾ˵һˣΪܶ֡
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ƾ״ЦСƵģڷǸ˳ᢣļƵĹʦѾˡ


205 ƾŰ
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һʼϰԿ׺ǷţѾҵУǰϰɱˡ
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ҪԽƻͨԤ֮ףⱲҲˡ
󣬾뿴ƾֱ̨ҪһŰƾ
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ˮڣһֻ԰ףֳʬߵֱۣŵˣæӿڴͳƷĶˮλá
ʱ͵ش顱һƾֱӱһŸĽǳµſ˵ϡ
ʮֽŵգҿƾһµģʱûסֱӡĴЦ
ƾӵ¶һһǰҶֹסЦĶӶˡ
ֻƾݺһҧŸոľĳ֣ݡ
¹ھϣ·Ϊһ⣬ߵҵԣ̤߲Ƶӣɾڵɲǣһ޹ĸڣֱƻõĻ档
ԼˮȴҪŪŪԼղסˤˣҿ


206 Сƾ
о仰˵ĺãһｵһƾȻ
ƾڹԳǣǰֵʮָĪ⣬ھǰȴܱѹ
ֻƾݺݵĶԾ˸Ǳˤķ϶ʱˡεɫǱģ
۹⽻ӵɲǣҪΪƾ̺ŭ⣬ΪܲĻ𻨡
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Ҫ֪ܹ죬һΪԼۻء
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ƾһĿ˾һۣﻹߡ׶԰ĺӡʱҲ̶õûжûС
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ƾ״ӿڴ˸Сƿӣ˾䣺ﲻ˵ĵطԼҰŪ
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֪ƵֻˣˮΪ¥ˡ
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߰˲ߣÿԼĪӣһʲСĲƸÿȻƾϱӵƵģǰһšЩŰѱ㱻ˡ
ÿﶼסһֻڴϣݶϣ򱻲ڹЩżһڷţ޷
ңƾ;붼ƵһμΣôĹһż
ÿĹʮʹ֪߲࣬ƣرǾǰ֮ڶɱϢƾǱĿҪը˵ŭ⣬զһԵңܸܵһ
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ۺģħƵġ
ƾ񿴰׳ƵĿһۣңҪ㲼֣ϲȸ˿ɱ֣˼֪ҪɱΪֺ޹һ
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ƾϵϲвȼڴҪƾʲôʱ򣬾뵭֣ûС
ƾʱһڣĻûȾţֱǰǰ;סķ䡣


207 л
˵Ҳ֣ƾŵɲǣǰȻħԵ۾Ҫˣǰƾֻֽ˸ΪħѬֱӻΪ
ֱɢȥɲǣŽⷿڵװ꿴һĿȻ
֮ǰ߹ô෿ȫǹڳһݶ䵽޴ĻƷ֮⣬ɾľҺ;סһ
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֮˾㵽֮˻չһ㣬Ӳ󷨣һ̤룬ôǰսĹʱΪ
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Ҫ¿ˣƶܱ׵òС
ƾˮܵɲǣһ§ҳһԾֱվ¥£͡ƾˮ̬ܵ
Ҳ޽̫ߣƾĲŸ˵ҶˣһɾȴĹ˵УдƾϵɲǣƾĲڿըˣ
Ҽƾ̾˿ѪŮѪŽƾ¡
ƾصĵһ仰Ǹ̾ԼھǰȻ˸
Ūֽ˴¥ģȴȥ˾
ţ
˵ûתɲǣԳ鶯ǣȴͬĿһƾûҿڣƾɵһ䣺Ҹ
ЦĴ˵ûȴѾĿƾǲʹһĻ
صõ꣬ƾûлԼķ䣬Һ;ķ䣬ϰĨǴƿųųɲǣƾ˳Χ˸硣
ɱǽõ˭أ
ƾʵĨȴһ֣ϳұģʵ̫ˣһ̲סĺһ
ﲻ֧֧ᣬ˵һȻƾڵд֣֪˵Ļ
ϣ˼Ѫ֡
ӣҽӣ
仰ҼˣʱЩĪʲôų
ҲĿ˾䣺ʲô˭ɱǽãأ
ʵЩ⣬ȴϰ֣ҡͷһ˵ȴֲ˵ģҶʱЩżˣְһ顣
ʲô޴׼Ƶģݺһҧڵд˼Ѫ֡
ҽ㱻˴ˣǡɱǡ
Ǻɱм֣˿Ĩȥһ㣬ɲǼ䣬һħ͵شӵصĨлߣȫ̲ʱ䣬ƾӿڴͳƷɲǣϰõĻȴֱʧԭء
Ҽ״ʱЩ㶣ʵô죿
ƾû˵һϣóһֽͱʣҪ֣ɾȴʱڣƾлꡣ
ƾһҡҡͷ˵ϰõĻǿ϶Ǳ˽ˣǿл꣬Ҳвʲô
ЦЦһƾ֮䰵ƵĻǰʲô˰ɣ
ƾ̧ͷʾ룺㶼ˣ
ԹԵֹ˾䣺Ӧð˵Ҫ
ɾȴֱӴƾĻԼָƣγһʺޱȵѪҺڰֽϡ
ҵѪԡ
ƾûֱ·ͻйصĿжʮӣʾ룺㵽ʲôʱģ֪֪ûһ
֪Ҷ֪
ٴδƾĻҸֱӿˣš
ǵþ֮ǰħ˴ĹǰҲ˵ָˣһġ
һȻ̫Ӿһ


208 ħ
ƾӱֻ򣬷ϣɲǣֱӽĵƻֵ֧֮ӵķ϶ϡ
֮ƾҰħ׸΢΢һ㶣Ϊʲô
ȴֱӷ˸ۣǲǰ׳գûϰ֣ͲлˣûǾĶôϵų
΢΢һ㶣šŶһԿ״ӿڴ˳ԿóɲǣƾһҿĿⶢҿ
ƾԿ׽ӹ˾εǵѪϣſٶȡѪǻƵģȻʼֽϻ˸ȦԿΧм䡣
ͬʱƾǰֻʱٵȼȼٶ֮һĹ򣬾ȼճҡ
ɾȼճҵ˲䣬һɭޱȵιֱӴҲûΪĴƮɢȰźһ㣬ȫֻ֮ϣֻΧһ

ȼյڿ죬ҿƾһۣȴĵĴӿڴͳһƷһ룬ҧָԼѪȥ
ȻѪˣҲҵˡ
µ˲䣬ƾƷĻ֮ϣ͵ؽŻƷȼ
ɾŻƷȼյ˲䣬ǰֽϵԿ׺ȻĨѪʱֽ֮УڰֽϹճһ
Ȼϰһģһ
Ҽ˲䣬ʱһϰģμļֱһģһ
ɻû˵ϰı飬˵˵Ļμһģһ
ǿӣ
˵õл꣬йΪʲôֻеһĨӰ
Ҹհʳڣƾ񿴰׳ƵĿһۣҪǽһĨǣǻܣܶܲ
ƾ䣬¶ĵ˵ͷԭûϰĻȫֻļĨл꣬࣬
ɾƾϰ˭ɱɲǣֽϺȻ͵سּ˿Ѫơ
ϰ˲䲻ˡ
ϵģȻǱɫ
ֱӿɵԭأ޵ΪʲôǱɫ
룬ɫճֵɲǣûڣƾֱӳһ䣺͹޲Ǵ˭Ҳ˭ôģڻ
ɫǺǡЦƾ㲻֪˵ĵˣ𣿡
仰ȻѾ¶˱ɫ͹޺ʵ
Ҳ˹˵ĵ˾ѣԸ
ʱɫĿתҵϣǺǵЦ˵͸¶־£ɱ֮ǰǰ㣬Ѿ˲١
գһӣû뵽û˴ԼĴ֣ݾͱ޽Ҵ˰ɣ
һ鶼ûɫֱĻȴʱųһ䣺㾹ȻԼı嶼Ը
˵ı壬ӦþǻĹǰµǾʬ˰ɣ
⻰ѵ˵ҵʬϣʲôҪĶ
ԣҲΪҵʱŻôݶֻͶ̥ʱԼǰһĨл꣬ټ֮ǰôŰû취Щ£ǰԶ֮ǰң¸ȫ£ǻգû˻š
ʦңܰ˵ȥȻ˿̵ݱ¶Ѿǰµ֣治룬ʲô
Ǽ˵ɫٴοǻ˾䣺޹ˣӦûǵĶ԰ɣϾϰΪԿʮء
û£ɫֲ˾䣺ǻСʱĿʱ䣬һҪûԿõҺ͹ǰĨǣͲ֪ʲôˡ
ĸˣȴڰҵ֣ұ
ҲǾҵ֣ŽҵǴأûô嶯
ϾԽǱֳõĻǣԽǸ°ѱԽܱɫǣűߡ
űɫģ̲ס̾Ϣһ䣺ɫʹԼôãΪʲô𣿡
һԴͬ̾ϢɫʱֳһĨݣգŶһǽɡӳ͹ŽʳΧתûҵô֪һôãΪʲô
ġšһʣ㵹˵ô࣬ñҲˣҲˣǰò˻գҲǺˣ㻹ʲô㣿
ҵĻ䣬ɫĴЦʮֲĿżŤ
ڳǻˣۻʲôݣֳһʥĸòôˣ
ҲûΪԼݳױ¶ʲôţǵġšһ˿ûɫ⳰Ӱ졣
ģǻֽԶǰסģȻᱻʶƣһ㣬ҲǱĸһ㡣
ɫģĲУǱͷ׵ӴʱҹеŮħͷ
ݺһ䣺Һ͹˴Ĺǣסʱޡ
ȻѾͲסˣʹ˴ų
һǺܲ죬ɫħǻ˵ùȥϾɫħ
ɹޣǹԳǵãκ飬úõһλôôǿħ
ҸоȱɫҪǿĶ࣬Īࡣ
ֽ˲ָƽһԵֻҲʱϨ
ƾߵһԿ˵ƣңô룿
Ҹ벻ȻὫѡȨҵУ
Ȳ˵ԿȥϰõĻǣǻ᲻ˣթ˵ĻˣħҪųˣ
ɵãҽĿ⣬ת˾롣


209 
룬뾹Ȼһ䣺㿴Ű졣
ƾ˶ѾȨУֻоԼ˹
ôŰ죬ҪһСİħ˴ųզ죿ħıɫͲʵĹ޶ôˣҪħ˴ųҹԺ治̫ù
̾˿ֻٰĿתʵʲô𣿡
˭ϣȻ벻˵ⲻǱ
˿ʱ䣬Ѿʮ࣬һĸСʱѡʱ䡣
ϰѾΪҶҪǵĻǶȲһƶܻ֮С
ݺݵһҽֽϵԿ׽Уƾ;ҳȥ¡
ƾ;̧ͷңȥģ
ģ£ֻߣһͻ
ҵĻ䣬ƾЩġҽԿ׷˾УѪŮ˳óԼڴһЩڵѪŮңܷ˰ɣ
ǼȥѾû˵ֻһֱĿĿȥ
õ귿߳ɲǣһܸܵޱȵĿ⣬Ҳܲô࣬ôΣյһֻұ˰æˡ
ߵ¥ĩˣҸʦ˸绰绰ܿ㱻ͨˡ
绰ͨɲǣʦңǲȥ˳ɽ
ҡšЩ飬Ͼ֮ǰʦʹԿ׵顣ȴʦǰ˻ѡ
û뵽ʦ֪һԿ׵һ㣬Ҳ;룬ƾ̬һԼ⣡
Ҷʱ͵һ㶣˼̧ͷʦʵʦ
ʦȻ˵˾䡣ǶԵģУŵģֻԼģҲֻԼ
ԡʦ֪ˣԿƭȴһֱװ֪
Щ⣬ʦʦȴңûʲôһɲģҲûʲô˿Բٿҵˡ
ܲٿ˵ģֻԼ
ҪԼ޷ٿԼˣǻŻʲô˼
ʦΪʲô˵⻰ɵãʦûʲôһɲģʦгһᱳ𣿡
ʦ˵ᡱȴұ
Ȼû˵Ϊʲôڤڤȴָоʦ޶ôһôĿġ
ʦҪԿȥϰõĻǣħ˴ǲǻᱻų
ʦûشңǸңҲ֪
󣬺˼䣬ʦֱӰѵ绰ˣһ˶ԭط㶡
䣬ѩɽϣΧͻ˲ѩһŷ֣ԼĽëһ㱡İѩԼ˫ͷҲ˲˪ס
ӵɲǣѾʮݺһҧص˷ɲǣƾͬʱһۡ
ˣ
ƾ٩Ŀڣһ˴ųô죿
ɫ΢΢ף˵ֲʶųͳ¡
һ䣬ƾȴһϷʵĿ۾룬Ҫǳúˡ
ҷ֣һĶԻֱûƾ;˵ȥ˴Ĺɣ
ᡰšһҵ֣ȳţֱӽƾԭء
ƾһĽ벻СİѾһ飬ֱ롰ţһתͷɲǣƤЦЩɬĺ߰ɡ
ҴӾϣǿѾƾһˡ
̾˿ƾˣ´ƵñŰı¥Ҫҡ
ҹҹõϰһôֳȥʱЩ죬ǣôȥģ
Եõϰ壬ƾ;붼ֱӰӸ飬˳ȥо仰˵ĻֲЦ
ͣ½ŲָָЦŶõϰ˵˾䣺ȥҹѩȥ
ϰ󣬵˵ͷû˵ֱ̤õɲǣϰС˵˾䣺ڵĹﵱҲףͬҹôȥѩ
һϰ⻰ɫʱһڣ۵̺ɱĻͷһϰ壬ϰȴ۵˼Ƶģʮ֡ͬ顱졣
ֻоԼһֻڶôĵˣ
ʲôʱ˵ǵˣ
ңеһ𣬾ܱԵϰ嵱ͬ
뵽⣬ʱĿ׼˾ƾϣ׼ɲǣҵĿ⣬һ
ôо
ƾð䣿
ͷմԺԺоֳǣѩҸĻ档
汿㣿
ɲǣšٺ١һЦһƵǣ˾֣ݺݻͷõϰ˦˸ɫ
ϰһ㶣Ҳͷž볯ɽȥ
ƾԹԵǰ棬Ϊס˲ٷѩ뽫Կ׷ϣǣ£Ϊҵ֡
ұůĵľٶǵСһ죬ͷ·ˡ
ԼĪһ·;ſƾͣ£ҪҪ֣˴᲻
˭ϣƾֱ˾һۣʮֱӵӣر˴
Цһƾ˾䣺ǰ̫Ȥˡ
ƾ󣬡˵ôͷһμԼзųġ
Ҳ̲סֱһ䣺˴Ǳ˭ӡģΪʲôԿҵϣ
ƾ뿴ңͬʱ˾䣺㡣
󣬶ʱЩ˴Ǳҷӡ˳ɽ֮ϣ
ҽҪǰԿ׸˹ޣɫȻ˴ų֮󣬵һģɲ
ҵ΢΢ЩףʱѾߵ˴Ĺǰ
һĹѨĶĴҵ⣬һˡ
ܸоν˴Ĺû֮ǰôס


210 мƣ
߽ĹǰʿˮݺݵһŸž룬ƾĹȥ
Ҳ֪ǲΪνĹѨ飬ǰβһ߽ĹѨûãһֱ˶˵ĸо
ԽߣΧԽأǡĹЦԽ
֪Ǳɫ͹Ҫҵѹ
ֱ˴ĹѨǰż˱ɫ˵Ӱ
ĹѨĴѾ򿪣˰ʯ˴Ĺ֮ǰϰĻǱħһԵǽϣħᴩڣǱ͸ĻǴ˼
һҽˣ϶ҡͷҿߡ
ϰ˿ޱ̾ϢȴһĨʮ貵Цݣ˵£ˡ
ˣҿԴ𣿡
߽ĹѨɲǣҽеԿó𣬲Ķűɫ͹˵š
ȴ໥һۣ޶űɫ˸üëɫڵԿ׸ҡԴߣ
ʲô
űɫЦЦЦ˫üһ
Ȼ֪ôҰ˴ߣһǺܺ棬׻ˣʲôС
˳Ļ˵ɫһЦԿֻһѡֻܴһˡ
һ⻰ʱЦˣĿ˿վŵ𣬾͹ԳǣῪڵͲ£Ӳ𣿡
䣬ɫû˵ޱֱӿڣб£Ӳ
ұ⻰µģȻʮֲˬȴҪװʮֵ
Ǹղţ˵ˣҰԿ״ܰ˴𣿡
޵ͷ˵԰Ҳû˵˴ߡ
ֻһԿףֻܴһˡ
ĺݺһҧ޲ֱӴһԳһѵֱӿڹˣȱ˵Կֻһѣ˵ӡħ˴ֻһ
ȥٱһԿף
ݺݵϴ˺üǰԼƽû˵ֻǾĺӡ
˵Ҳ֣Դӽ˴Ĺ֮󣬾ƾĿ£仰ԣЩӦ
ܸоǹģΪ˴ǰӡģƲƿķӡҲֻɣ
潩˺ܾã޺ͱɫ˾ͳԶƵģһЦӯӯңһԲ
ʮ֣㻹һСʱʮķʱ俼ǡ
Ȼɫڣ˽֣ȴҵĶ
رڵɲǣΧǱŨħĸŨϰĻǱЩħ۵ĲϷ˻
ޱȵı飬͸ȴ𽥷ħĻ壬һݣʹޣ
˭ϣҵĻŸ䣬۵׵ŭʱӿ͵شվЦصңɱȴ
ҪԿף˴ķӡ
䣬Ҷʱһŵİ߬ȭͷ
ôģ˴ҷӡģҰԿøѾǳΣˣҪһԴ˴ķӡ
һƷӡɱĲҰɣ
Ǽɫѿû˵ƤЦⲻЦ˾䣺ţͬ𣿡
µɲǣֻ顱һϰǱ˺˰㣬ʱһΪ
ŵ͵ؾͳϰķȥȴƾһס֡
ϰĻ˵һΪȴûȫ룬ֻҪüôϰɢ
Һݺһͷȴƾҡҡͷ˹һۣЦŶ˾䣺þò
Ȼ֪һĳν÷ţһ޵ķǰǱĵĲС
˷֡
͵ؽĿתƾ˳ǡ
ԭͨеĹʦƾ˰㲻˵ҶûҲء
ֹסĳҶˣƾƵģЦı˭ãǰصؿһ۾Ǳɽ
ȷҪ˴ķӡ𣿡
˵⻰ʱżЦɺĿһƾôģ˴ӡˣͲܴ˴ķӡ𣿽廹ϵˣϱӶ˴ӡڳɽǧ꣬ⱲӣҴ򿪷ӡˣ
ƾûż˵ԺиҴ˵һס޵ʱװЭԿ׸Ȼȥˣ;ȥԿ
ԺлصֱӶŹ޿ڣ֪˴ϲ˸飬ͲͻƷӡ㣿
Ȼߴߴ磬仰ֱӽ޸ס
ܸо޶˴ƺʲôĸ飬ϾǽڣĿͣҵϣƾ֮⣬ûп롣
ǱɫĿ⣬ھǻ
ǰľ벻Ȣ˹
Ȼ˵ûзʲôʵʵĶ⼫İĿ⣬ȴ㲻ɹ׵ˡ
УԿ׸㣬Դ˴ķӡ˱Ҵߡ
һ룬ֱӴϹ޺ƾӣڵɲǣɫ͵ز˾䣺У
ȴ˴ķӡſԴ
ҳɵɲǣƾٴ쳹ҵԺ֮УӦǡ
һһڵã
ھƾĿ⣬һǰȥ·ֻвףߵȴСģĲͷƾ;롣
۵˿ɻɫú䣬ƾ۵׵ɻȴˡ
ɵãҰ򴽣룬ƾȻݼɡ
ɾߵ˴ǰֻԿףŹ޺ͱɫڴĿ⣬оƾǳĿɲǡ
ƾûж
ղŲǶҴҼװӦȥ˵
ɵãͣж̧ͷƾ̧ͷ˲䣬ҵĶԾ˹ǲЦ⣡
ˣ


211 ˴ӡƣ
ҵɫ˲һףҪںƾɺǱʲôסƵģ
ҽŵ˫ֶڷɹʱȴЦſһۣңôġգ㲻ˣ˰һԼӶˣ
㽫Ŀת룬ɾĿתɲǣ޾ȻߵҵԣǲҪң
ҽŵԿ׺ˣµϢ˲ӿ𣬾Ҫҵɲǣ͵һԾҪӵԣɹȴԤϣһźɫޱŨħ͵Ĵϡ
ڸձ֮͵رֱӴɢΪԼҪݺݱǽϵɲǣƾͬʱ
͵سҳƾȴʱȥˡ
ɫһƾȥˣ͵ؾסƾһ߲ٿħϰĻ˺顣
Ҳ֪ҪϰĻ汻˺ˣ͹һ̶ûˡ
˵ҺƾʵҲû̫ǿɾѾָм䡣һ룬;ǿ
ɾھסҵɲǣһźɫħ˲еԿףٴξۼµħ֮ϡ
ħϣСƵģӲκá
һѽסҡȵأȴĺݺһۣھ뱧ص˲䣬ֱ͵س˴Ĺ餡
˻ûӦ֮ǰٵĽԿף˴Ĺ֮С
Ȼûûεļˡӡ˴ô꣬ȴԸƳķӡ
͵ħͻƷӡӭŭɣ
¡¡
¡¡Ĵ
˲䱬һĨħ⣬·Ҫҹ֡
ĹѨڲϴΧĽҲ¡
ԭʮֻԻ͵ĹѨ˿㡣㳾
͵Ҿܣʾ뵽ʲôȴǲʲôóѰЦ⡣

ЦƬĹѨлصһŴӹӿħ˿ѾҪʵ塭
˵ѾڵصףɶѵȴֱҵĶԡ
ûмĳɲӶ뵽죬һˡ
˴ͻƷӡΪʲôҪӣһ˵عɱô죿
Ҳʾ룬ɾһɲǣ󾹴һϤƾġ
бƿǳɹϰ󣬻һޱϤӰɫ
ɫȴӿŲħ·Ҫ죬ֱǡ
ģ붪߾ˣҲң
ƾĿҪ쭵˿Ҷ𣬶ɲǣµĲȻ˼֡
·ʹʱǱƾκǣ
ƾǽһݺһҧҲ֪Ӷ˿ʲôֻ˫͵һҲ֪ʲôµĲ˲ֹһѸٵ˦˱ɫܵҺ;ԡ
룬ȴھ΢е£Ӳǿڻ£Цĵ˾䣺䣬ĶԲ߾ǺãҸղݵ񣿡
һ㶣֮ŷӦţҸղԺƾģǹ޼ٰƾƭҰ
֮޵ЦȻƾѾĿң
ҷӦ˲䣬ֱƾԴһƾȴ͵ֻƿͷһ籾дģ㲻ܴң
ԭǽ˴Ĺ֮ǰõҺʦ绰ʱ򣬾ƾ˶ԲߣһֱĬ˵Ҳǹһ׽͸ӡ
˵֪Щůһ뵽ղЦŵĲԿײ˴餣Ͳһ
˵Щʲôһֱûڵľ룬ȴҵ˾䣺ȳȥ˵
ɾʱΧʯ鲻ϱסǰȥ·ǲӿħ룬ƶֱӳ嵽ǵǰ
ʱǣߵ˴ĹѨһµĵطĪ⣬ǺڰԨͷ
̹⣬·ڸǣʬ壬ð̹ģȫǹ𡭡
ǰ·סΧһţһֻ֣§ڻУֱӳš
ʧޣûκ߹̤ŵ˲䣬磬ҡҡλΣƾˣ벻
ֱβ棬š
˵Ҳ֣ԴţħֱӱŶ档
ʱϣȴð˹
ðͬʱԾһݵ
ҪûĻǻþӣҵһμƾʱƾס
Ҳξμչ˴֮ʱ˴ڳɽϵͤס
֪ΪΣͬӣɲͬȴвͬ⾳
Ĵż˸УͰص
ƾģͬɽˮ಻
ʱĹѨ¶ģξһģһżΣħԣһ֣ݽȥĸо
ߣûʲôӦƾӣȴ͵ͣ˲˵ЩƮ룬־ȴ൱ѣǱԻ󡭡
ǡ
Ϊӣʲô
Ƿƾʧ̬ͣ½Ųͷƾ߲ߣҲ֪ķˮѾˡ
ƾűǣޱĿһ۾룬ٸϡ
ɾƾϾ벽ɲǣ͵شһҡڵĲ˿ûӰ죬վ֮ϡ
ƾȴǱĲУ˫ֽסŵӣ·ֻҪһ֣ܱŵȥ
󣬻Ǿ롰ʮִȡʩһֱֻ۸ƾƾ˼֣ɾŻָƽɲǣ͵ؽȥֱ۸˻
ô꣬ûħ治һֱۣ𣿡
ƽȺƾ˼٩


212 ˣ
ûżڣͷĿһƾᳯǰһԾŵһΣɾھ뽫ҷµɲǡ
ž͵ִһζҪǾǲĿ⡣ΪǾƾģ
Ȼ͵شꡱһƾ͵صɴ˫ۣ͵վԭأɫľƵġ
һ룬͵شмϳ룬ƾŵ͵طҪ԰ͷȴٴδžƾͶѵ˿̾ٴηѣ£ƾĵ㶼ûˡ
򣬿ң
ƾŵ˾һֻըëСɾվһԣȴû壬ȵƾѾϳ޾Ԩɲǡ
żһųſһԾһ裬ڿеƾڻ֮ԭ
ƾŵɫˣһ֪ԼͲѧ֮Ҫʱôѣһ߻ȣţ˧䣡
ģٲȻһλС˿ƾģȴϣһֱȥ
ƾĺܸӣ̫棬ൽҶ֪һˡ
Ҳ֪Լʲôİɣ
ϰվȣƾɸĲǰԵӣʾ룺ħôױų㲻Ӿˣôˣ
뵭š˵ҲܹһӡָָǰѵţƾǱħɵ𣿡
˴ô꣬ĹѨ˻أĶ󷨣֮ǰ֮ôɽȫԻǵġĵ̺һļƻܿա
˵䣬۵׺εưƾŵĻһ޵ĵ˾䣺ܽˣƣѹֵˣûк³
ƾ⻰ǿģɱ˼Сˣر𸹺ڰɣ
˵֪˾ر𸹺ڣɽһǲɵø̾⸹ڳ̶Ѿû˭ˣ
ǰһܺڣƾӱֵֻͲǰ棬ɻû߼·ǰ˰ȴţ
֮ǰ¹ôĹţҲȣֵİȴţȴǰհİġ
ֱǣݡˡšţ
ȴŵĶˣȫһյޱȵĳơ
űӭǵʲô˭֪
ЩţĿתʱ򣬼һɣ̲סһ
ȴǰƾͷһ۾룬ô죿
ȴĻһ䣺Щֵ𣿡
ɾھ뻰µɲǣھħɫ˲һ壬͵ؽǰ߹ԵĴŹϣƾֶ
ʱҲŷ֣ԭǰ߹һȴſԹϡ
ԣ͵شǷ·ԶŴĹЦЦ·ԽʣҶߵɲǣѹ
Կħ˴ѾͻƷӡӹڳˣ
Щħһ˫˫۾ѰǵӰ
ƾһⳡæһ֣ɣܣŵ̡̡ŹšǡЩʱ򣬿лһھ˳һŹ˴ضһС
ɼƾ˴֮ȣ
Ҫ֪ʶƾôãûֻ̲ŸĿھ
ˣͷġ⽣Ӱ츨뾪޵ݣϴţˮ뾰ðСӢ뿪̻Ի͡
ƾľ֣е˵˾ɾȴݺݵһƾʱ򣬻˼ھ˴һܣƻգ
ȴƾ˵ô͸ҲǴ̶ȣ
룬һֱܺ¾ƾȻʱ;붥ٵİѾһ٣ھ۵׷ųһâɲǣڵţţţţţŶֻܽоžðСŽ̻Իͣһߡ
뵭ĿƾǾźͿģ
ҹӦΪߣӢ빬ӦΪš
ƾ˵ֱ꣬Ӵſȥ
Ŵ󼪣ǰļţʱֽ̻Ի治֪ǵģʲô
ɾߵǰɲǣǱϵʯţɳӵͬʱż顱졭
·һ룬ħͽȴǵǰ
ƾæƿţ˽ȥ
ɾ߽ŵɲǣһͷ˲䣬ȴžֱӱħ˸顭
ħУƺһħţʮϤӰ
ӰϤϤĲңԶǰİ㣬ҽҲм
ֻһͷɲǣ㱻һק˽ȥѸײڶħײŵɲǣűмֻһ롣
ŵɲǣ͵ؽһ󣬶ԲϴʲôƿݣݡļҶĽ
ģ˴ˮʱŪ˸룬ѿźŵλöԵˣ
ƾҧгݵɲǣǰҲҶ
⽣Ӱ
˼˵ŶݼľУűϣŵĺǵģضǵ⽣Ӱ
ķɼӳ䡣
ò˵˴ܵþɵܺͻһûһ־˿ֻţضǸ׵
ֻǲ֪
˴ô࣬ܲ뿪ĹѨ桭
ὫĿת룬ȴɫһǰǰʮ侲
·еıʣƿ֮Ун


213 
ƾһ񣬲㱻ɼУǾ롰ġĴһ׹⣬ֻɼ䡣
ƾһ͵ؾܵԣֱӶˣңģ
ҡھ
ƾֻоԼ˹ôƾݵӣ
һ߰ǵסǽµķɼһƾǰź棬ʲô
ƾᡱһȫ̾ŰСϱֱϹҵĹۣ
Ҫ֪ôƾҲǸɽ֮Ĵܺ
ϡִ֮ٵִ
ƾһɽ֮ĴܣֱǿBossĴˣȴټƾʵʵ
رÿҪʱ򣬾붼ߣֱӱϾĴȣֻҪܱϾȣʲôˣ
ֻƾˣĽڲأ
ƾһ飬ԾˣȻߵţ⽣Ӱǣľд컯ֱ֮Ϊǡ
⻰˵꣬ƾϺòһĨЦݶʱһͣͣǴżֲĿڵ˴ɱǧģٹѡҡź˵⽣Ӱ⣬
ıûƾѳǰ͵سһֻӡ
ֻӻմ˳ĹѨڳã˫Ⱥ죬Ǳʲôһ
ɲǼ䡣͵ؽĿתˣǵصĺɱ쳹ֻӾٳǲƵĴϣλεдһ֣
£ңƾֱӿԭأɫ԰ס·벻˴ĹѨˣһ
Ըְֻ취
һǴɢһǳȡ
Щǧ꣬λأĻǵĵ
ǳȣҲһ¡
ȻʮģҴҲܲµλжߡ
ȻҶܲµ˴Ȼ֪ܲȻھǰһ˳׼
ֹסǵȥ·
Ҫ֪ҵȲɣֱӴɢ
˵Ǿ룬ңƾ¶޷ְɣ
οΪƾƼʧȻ֮ľ뽫ķǳãչ黹һ󲿷ˣʮų⡣
ὫĿתƾȴƾ;붼ҿ˺þá
Һ͵һɫЩףǿҸ
ʱƾָָǰҲŷ֣ǰЩкأų쳯ʱ¹
˴һǴһܲǰô¹
ΧĿʱʮְұⰲĿŵĲᣬʿˮʾƾô죿
һҵ֣Ķȥƾһڵĸ
˵Ҳ֣ǰЩ¹˿ΪĵȻԷóһ·
ϤİףԺȻ˵ףĻ档
սϣ⣬ĲмĲᡣ
ǰķ죬һֱԼһֱǸ򵥵ķ졣
ɵʱֻþԼѡ
ģ̤Ͱźõ·ͱƺõ·
ϧ
Ҳ֪
ȺУȴֹסķ۵׸һӷᣬ·һᡣ
ǰ̫໭ԺлصұҲ޷ֻоԼҪƵģͷѣԺеĻ棬ȴ͵ͣˡ
ǰѳӳǽ֮ǰ;ӵǶΡ
ʱľң䣬񿴸İƵģһɹɺ͵Ĵҵ⣬ֻоԼҪƲס壬޷վȽµĲ˫͵һʧֱˤ˵ϡ
ˤ˲䣬ҪסңȴҺݺݵ˦ڵ͵شԴȴʮų⣬رԼС
Ҳ֪ڵϹ˶ãֻоƺʲôڻҵ壬ҪռȨҪҴڸߣ
Һݺһҧ͵˫ۣ۵ɲǣҼȺԵʿ޵ļ
ǳı
ıôܼңҪȴٴ˵Ǽٵģþѣ
žડһʲôҵĶͷϣҵҲָ
ʱҲŷ֣ҾȻ˾ĻУƾһ԰׵վԱߣʪľմˮ̳ƵģʮǱ
Ҹղţڵ
ҡôˣ
ҲĿڣռ䣬ŤͷҪܣȴһĨʺҺ״Ķҵ۽ǻ͵صɴ˫ۣԼòǿĳѪ˰ɣ
̧һץȴֻĨһ㣬ҵĶͷȴ⻬ޱȡ
Ѫ
ͷ˵ҺƾղŶ˻þ
ҲĴѳɴӵվҪ̧ͷܵɲǣΧǷŵŵȽŶˣ
һ޴ܶͷһΧȴ飬Ĺײġ
ҡƾʲôʱĻþ
ЩײܼģͷƤС˾롣
뵭ĵ˾䣺õʱ򡣡
ž˿ûӰģ˿о룬ȻҺƾˡ
ƾѾģֲ
ҸհһʣƾӲͷƤ˵ͷ˵Уֻ
ֻʲôҲԵĿڡ
ɿڵ˲䣬ҶԾ֨ѽһ߾߹ײĵĸӣƿһ
Щıʬء顱
Уǹʬ壡
һ߾ߴųս۵ʬӹڷɳ˲佫˰Χһ𡭡


214 
ݶʱһ㶣˼ȥ벻ǵʬΪʲôᱻ˴ӡ
ҪĻǣ˴ĹѨѾǵһˣ
ôصģܰЩôĻĹҸѵ˴оˮšҲǸ֣
ħ𣿣
ûҷӦȺʬѾ͵س˳۵Ǻ⣬ĿѾ޷ˡ
ôħ˵ʬɣ
ʬ𣿡ƾҶԻ˵ͷ˵
Ѿǧ꣬Щʬս֮ϣֻǱĵˣ˴ĹУЩʬõĹʧɣ
һʱ򣬶ǻΪ˳ʧ䡣
Ǿ仰˵᱾̨һδǳ
ʱжȫ߰ˡ
뽫һȴҾܾҴӿڴͳһƷһָǾۼһžЦЦ
Ȼû˵۵׵˼Ѿʮԡ
һֱĵꡣԼеһС
ֻ˲䣬ƾƾŻƷûãвÿһ䣬㱬һʬ塣
ƾж֮ǰĵİһֱԵǱľ˦ҡ
ǷľٽӴȴ£ľ˲䣬һ㣬˹ײ֮һԾԾ˲䡣ڿŻƷ
Ʒڿе˲䣬ľֱӽǴ̴ŻƷɲͨĻƷƾصػģʱŻƷľ֮ϣΪľӳ˲
һϢ͵ӿȺʬ壬һһ׼Ҫ©֮Ҫ͵ϮңҲûţֱ˿ƷԴϣ̻ΪѸٵĻһ߰׹ǡ
Ҵ𾢣ȴа磬ĹѨڵĳ
һ״Щԣƾֱӳ嵽ҵϸɾĲУܹģȴ߰㣬ʲôƶѪС
ȳȥ
ȻڣûҺƾ˵͵شһУȺʬɺԶһŰƾߵǰһʯűϣµԾǱߣȺʬ嵽ߵɲǣֱӰҺƾźҲ֪ǰĹѨʲô
ֻ顱üߵһԵһСĶңҵɲǣʯŽϣһƽ餵ʬ˷棬ŽĿһתƾ֡
ƾһȤò֣ܲܰȫȥɣ
ɾȴҡҡͷ˵ǡ
ƾֿ͹ԳǲҲˡ
뻰䣬Ҷʱһ㶣Ҷ˻͹Գˡ
ƾٵһ֣ҲûϻֱӶԾ˵ϿС
۵ײԵЦЦһȣʮұ
ѹˡ
ѹʲôʡ
ҵţңûֺü˴ħҵˣȴǶ𣿡
ҵͷû˵ȴң֮ǰ;֣룬п͹ԳҲ˽˴ħǣ԰ǵȥ˲ٶ
˵⻰۵׻Ĩƣ̾˿ƺĵ˵˾䣺˴Ҫ֪ô̷ˮ֣ȴû˵һǰ㣬ʲôģ
ôݶڷˮôң㻹ܳȥ
ƾֱˮɾȴûΪƾ⻰ʲôʾֱӵ˶Է硣
ʱź󾹴Ų壬徻ӵ
˵ϢʱʯϣĶ
𣿡
ģشˣȴ徻ӣ徻˵ʾģĹѨȣд֣ҪĹѨ
仰ʵȻ壬Ȼһ𣬶徻ӻ˾䣺ȣôǸĹλˣʬ嶼Ҳ
е裬Ȼ̣˵̵λ£һġ
Сʱڼ﹩λһԼģһҵģһģҵʱ̣Щλǹõ
ȴңλǣЩλȴ
ڣڣ飡
Ȼ֪ѾˣȴҲʬ壬ȴ̸ҽ˴ĹԽˡ
̽˴Ĺ£һ벻Ҫ˴Ĺû취ҵ֮ǰž뿪
˵ѾˣһǸ棬ðᣬǸʲôط
ճ̶ȼƻĹˣ
Ҫô죿
ȻҲǿ룬ң֣ƣ뿪
žӣЩ˼ش
Ͼ̣ħ˴ļʿ϶ˣҲʹ˾Ҫˣ˴ļƻ
ûһشƾֱСġľָ뿴ۡ
㿴ɣҾ˵㻹Ҫ˴ġſתţɳȥȴᱻ
ƾĻУһԶ϶Ҳش룬ҲѾ˾ңҲֻҵˡ
ƾ䣬㽫ʯƿȴһ¡
ٵȵȡ
ֱнԶҪʧƿţʧķȥ
ʾ룺ҲҪ̣Ϊʲôһ𣿡
ͷ񿴰׳Ƶһۣңرһ𣿡
еԣͬʱǾȻƻǰǰʯŵ֮ڡ
ʯţûκ̤ƵģǰΧȻûһħ
Ҫ֪ǽ֮ǰӿħ


215 
Ҳʱƾָָȴţ˹
˿ûħ뱬ŷӦԭֻǺ֮ǰĵطһǰ߹ſڡ
ʯţǰ߹ʯȴҲмĲһ
һĵطĪ֮ǰ߹ǰʯûп֣İʯȴֱ˿ݡˡš˸֡
·˸İţİš
ûûƾȴˣ
⻹ƾ˴Ĺһ֣Ҫ̵˸źĸУ
ɣȴʱ˸ܣ
ẉ̣̂ţŹǣ񡣿ɾƾ֮ȴŵĵײƾճһȴţ
ϵģݡˡšţȴƾʧˣ
ʯϺȻһ˺˺ڵ̵ȴţȻƾճľŸ֣
١ߡԡСǰС
Ÿ֣һͷؼšʲô˼ƾɲǣ۵ȴͶųһĨ⣺־
һʱЩԺƾ־ʲô
ƾȴң־ԣ֡д˵˾ֳ֮ܡ
˵ڼг˾֣ףÿתˡ
⣬ϳǰǰ˾֣ɱƽ
סޣ·䲻ɾ˾֣а֡ɱһҹߵ
ԣаģôãûþ
󣬲ƾԣô񣿡
ƾͷ˵УѾʧ֪꣬ԣҲԶеİ
ɿЦȴȻָо
ƾ˵ʧ꣬϶ᣡ
ȻһƾȻиľָʮװƵĶ˸ۡҸɫû׺ã˰ɡ
֮ȴǰһ飬лһ飺١ߡԡСǰС͵棬ҲǺȻðȿֵǰͣ£˫͵һӡŸоеаҲдĦ֧䡣
ļڤϡ
ƾµ˲䣬ϾһŽ⣬Ž貵ְ㣬ὫǰȻֵһȴŸ˿
źܺڣһͷ˭Ҳ֪ȴڵʲô
ɵãҵľʱðС˾ƾ治˸ǺȻðģһôô졭
ƾҡҡͷң֪ǰɣ
ҵͷ˵֪߹ӦνˣԶмӪΪְ̼½Բ̼Σɱ֮ϲɱս뾪ֹ졢ƻйء
Ϊʿأ˳ı£һΪԲѵʿ䣬ͱأ˳սԶУǿˡʿƲ۱֡
ƾȴ˵Ҫû´Ļź棬ľǣ߹ҹӦ
֮û˵Ҳˡ
ҹˣҲ˵ɱ˺ڶҹֳԣţȴУ԰ȫġ
ңҪǣƾǾУ̵ĹλҲ˶ҹš
߽֮󣬼ȴ֮ǰǰȫĹң餣ǳƬƬڻ
ƬƬڻرһ㣬ĻƮһţ·׹ɾ
ڼ⻨һɲǣֱӿڣסӣСĵ뻨ۣȻҹ׹ɾˡ
Ƭڵص£ͷǲϵˮܶԻСϪӵ
ЩʪûЬѾˮ
ң⻨ߣûΧ˲ҪΪڵص£һĹѨ֮УΪԼһСģ߽ɾ
ƾʱʱĴҲ֪ڿЩʲôֱƾһסҵӣָŻԵײȥ͵ط֡
Ȼˣ
ʮˣǲĹѨ֮ڵġ
еģҪôǹҪôǻ
ҪǻĻ᲻δЩ̫棿
ڻԵĵײп鲻СĳӣҪû´ĻӦþȪ
ü༫ƯŮӣˮԡ·ΪŴģƺǸܵĿ⣬⼸Ůӻ̧ͷЦ
ЦǽһǺǺǵģҶôôƤ񡭡
ƾȻһģЦĵˣ
۾룬ȴûͶⷽأԹԵҳǰȥ·⻨еĳԻ
ȻˮֻһȻǷԡŮӣվ
ֻŮӵȶˣϼûһķ⣬˼ѵõˡ
һַɣ۽ǻ˸𼸷ĵЦݡ

ţķ
ŵǣԴŮӴ֮ԡǼŮӣһҲ
Ǿ֮ڵϵڻĸˣƾȴĵĲҵֹ֣⻨ôʲôʱܳȥ
һƾģЦЦĵ׶ʱ𼸷ζƾȥﰡôŮҹȫǱģ£
˵⻰ʱܴ󣬻䣬ǼŮӵЦˡǺǺǡģԼֱͣͬŴǴҹ㣬Ц¶ݵģһޡ
ƾһ˵Щʲôʱ⼸ĪֵŮӣѾߵ˾ǲ׵ľ롭
Ƿϵȴ


216 ̵Ĺ
ƾŵüͷ͵һֱӱĵ˾ԣֻûϾˣ򣬾ң
һĿʮĽƾϵָƲҼӿŲĳǰߣɱƲƾȴ˳ƱǼġŮ˻С
һƾʹӡһ̲סꡱһЦ˳
ѽһλġŮһĵƾֱۣµֻûƾˡ
ƾĵͷƤһ͵شӿڴóһŻƷ˲䱬һ͵ؽŻƷǡŮϡ
ֻɲǣŮȻΪһֻë׵ĻƤӣ
СʱƤӴɵ飬һֱΪǹ£һǰŵĲС
ҲΪУڷ֣ܷһ·
ƷڻƤϵ˲䣬ƾһԾԾԶһŻƷһһľݺݵĺǶӡ

룬ֻƾԭ͵ĻƤӴʱη嶼ûСʮĵĿڣһֻƤ³ҵһμ
ĴƾпһĨһ룬ƾٲϻ͵ؽеĻƷһף˫Ѹʣڤǧʥ顣ޣƷħΡ֮ӭ
̼䣬һյĻƷΪһɫâ͵س⼸ֻƤ˷ȥ
ЩƤзƾɲǣȫصǰǷء
ʹ׹⡣ǴصˮϣһԸǰһƤӵĹЦ
ǽüˣֻ飬ȴǣ
ֻƾԭ͵ĻƤӣ͵شˮпڣҲֻ֪ƤǲȺƤӵͷĿֻɲǼ䣬ֻƤӾ͵شˮһԾƾֱӺƾһ
ֻոƾԭ͵ĻƤӣˮе˲䣬ΪΣ
ò˵ƤԽƻղƾô׽ԭ;Ȼװģ
ֻƤӵжܿ죬ʮֽƻƾ˸غϣûƾ˵ֺƾĽĿת˾ϣ뺰
ɽֻûڣžŰſϷģֱӽߵĻ˻ȥĺֻƤӴһ
Īģܸоƾб˵һֻеУ˾ĻƤӣƾҲһֻƽְɣ
ĻƤӷ׷״ˮʱʱҺ;룬ֿ򶷵ս·һԤְæһҪ͵Ϯƾ
ȻֻƤӱ˲䣬ƾһ⧲һЩƤȴƾ˺˲䣬͵ȫʼƾ
һƾѣ͵ؾ볯ǰȥȴһȥ
Ȼ𣬾ȻҿϷ
ҲԵĻͷһ۾룬ȴʱƾҲڽĿתԣż²ؼޱӣ˲ĺݺһţͨ죡
ֻƾ۵׵ɫһʼġġ¡þɴһɺݾеĻƷҲ˲任˼޺ޱȵɱ
ƾͱĥ˸⣬ҲȲˣҪֱɱˣ
ɽǳСʹʮ֮ᷨ£ʹʹʹϼϣʹնס
ֻɲǣһɹɴѪɷ͵شӿн˿ɷϯɲǣһֻֻ÷ޱȵڻڴʱΪһƬƬҶƮ˿ռ䡣
۵׳ƾ˲䣬ȺƤӳƤĻ֮⣬
ƾ
벻֣֪ˣƾЩЩƳƾʵ
֪ûôôõϷ𣿡
ɲǼ䣬Ȼڣƽ˸ʲô
ƾȴЦЦеһŻƷȻƾȼƾŻƷѾ˵ĻƤϣϳ˵ĻƤƤǳ˾ģܻǮء
⻰˵꣬ⶼûشֱӴҡڵǰ棬ڻ
Ҫǰƾ¶һĿΪڻмƤӾǸ
ֻǲףƾȻҲΪʲôÿζҪװĸƵģ
ҪŮɫЩԼ˳һܱڹ
Գǣƾ롭
·ѾԽԽˡ
ڻӳһʮİĹĹǻҳЩҳϣȴһŮӵĽӡ
ӡСҲʹʮҪϲҿϵó
Ҫ֪ǰСʱѩѩһһӡģ
վ⣬ʮйɣ൱Ľӡȫ˼
ֱҿڣ˵ӡ̵ĺƾŵ˵ͷ˵šǰ̵λãҲ⸽
Һݺһҧһȥ
˵Ҳ֣Դ˲䣬û߹һ·ΧĽӡҪʧһ·Ľӡµģ˾ƺõġ
Ҫƣ˹֮⣬һ벻˭ˡ
ϣ԰ڵϵһ
ߵĶʮֻһ㲻ˣ·ǹɢһ
ߵĹѨĵײҴĿһƾȴƾгһĨ⡣
ɾһͷ뿴ĨɲǣҾȻĹѨ룬ٴμǸյĴɫ餣
ģ餲Ǳ˻Ĺ
˵̼ҴǵعҲУŵ̡
ԣʧôãߺľŵĵ׻᲻̣



217 ˵룡
ңƾ餣Ϊ𾪡
ɾߵľǰ㽫ײĴ򿪵ɲǣȻһȵȣ
ȻǹԳǵģ
Ļ䡣תȥȴԳһˣǵǰ
ŹԳǣɫʮƽûκαĲ۵ƾмġСӶ̵ȥˡ
ǲˣŮĿǰԳǵ
£
ƾ˵ҲĿڡ
ײģ𿪡
Գǵͷ۵һƬ
Ϊʲôʡ
˵ֻ֣ɻеĳȴ˿Ρ
Ҫ·ˣҿԴǳȥײı𶯣
ֻԳһǰߵ⸱ײǰͣ£ĵĴӿͳһɫķ˹ײĶ
ôĿôߴĽԱߣô·
ƾһֲһƲƲԼǰ΢俴ŹԳǡ
ԳһƾĿһƺûģƾ۵״˼ڵû·ײñ𶯣ǰǡ
Գ⻰˵꣬۵׶ʱһ֣Ӵεʲô磬̽Գǣ
ŲţײľԲܿ
Գɫʮ档Ŀڵ
ɾʱȻһŲ뽫Ŀתȥȴ徻ӻӰ߳
ҵҪʲôײģǾԲܿģ
ߵɲǣṴ𣬽ǻһȦĿͣľ֮ϣĵ
һⳡĵװӴһʲôӣȻҶˣ
Ҳ֪ΪôνֵգҵоȻ̺żɧмС
һã֮䣬ӿ
룬ոߵľߣŲûͣ£޺ͱɫҡڵ߳
Ŀɨһۣ۵׵ɱԶȴ͹ԳǣһŲͣ˺ľ餵ǰ
簡ȻǶô뿪ײģǾǿ¡
ɲǼ䣬ЦӯӯĿڣ˵˵ţԼ죬۽ɷǺÿ
ŨŨȴ㽦ҵϡ
ԳûӻǽעľײģΧ˶ˣȴо棬ƺ˵ʲô
Ȼ͵һˡ
մӷӡ˴
޵Ŀһ۹Գǣһ˹ײ֮ϣĿɨһȦʵ뿪ײĵ˾ٸְһײĴ򿪡
˵Һ;ƾ뿪ײģȴûһ˸κλӦ
״ҲΣǺЦôˣղŴҲǶ뿪ǲĻ⸱ײģҾʹˣ
ң
ʱĬĹԳǺȻڣ۵͵رһɱ⣬ѹŵɫˡ
һⳡĵײֹһ⳪ĳĵعùϵôã
ҲǿײģΪǺãҪǲȰӲ뽫ײĴ򿪣Ҳ޻˵
Ÿ䣬Գǽŷ˾ݻ
һǵһμǸһνԼ룬¶ڴǰ
˵Ҳ֣ڹԳ仰˵꣬һֱƾ֪ʲôɫ˲һ䣬Цſڵ˾䣺һƹײ˭ϡ
ƾһת뵹ûʲôӦɹȴˣʹԳǣ簡ôˣ㲻ǰµ˰ײĿ˵һ𣿡
ȻǷǳ뽫ײĴ򿪵ģڳôˣֲ
֪ƾòĿһת˸üë㲻Ҳ뿪ײ֣һײĴ򿪿¡
˭ϣʱҲתʮȣԹ޳һЦ㻹ûͣҵǹʹ
һȺˣ˵Ѿ˺üأҵиԶ˼
ȴӺ棬ײﵽʲôȻù˼Ŀɳ𡱣
ҿ˿룬ֿ˿ƾһɫȻûκα̬ƾһЦ滢ģĵ׶ʱ˿
ⳡ淢ıʣоƾڣұȾͺˡ
Ȼ侲˭ҲûῪײĵ飬ҲûҪײô
˫ͫ׶Ӽ䣬һֱû˵ıɫȻ˳ĬްײҲǺ¶𣿱ϾѾΪʬֻһܻΪɣҪǴˣڵɷΧħһ壬ʲôӦǿɾͲ̫ˡ
ɫ⻰䣬ҵһ飬۵˲һ˿
ţ
ѵľŵģ̣
ϴκ͹޴ܵʱ̺ȻʧĲѣɵʱʧˣȴǸعѽ
ԵĸܵϢѾңȻʮںڵĶɫһ仰ˡ
ҲǸصģ˵ˣҲ֪ҪǱסᱻǣűߣ
ͷҲ֪徻˵Щʲôȴ䣬徻ֻʣ˸֡
֣ɫȴѿĲС
С˵˼仰ɫ˲һף˵Щʲôʱ򣬾ʮַĿڣֱĻȨ
˴ͻƷӡôϲţڰ
˵⻰ʱ΢΢ƤЦⲻЦγһȡ
һ뾹Ȼ˵˴۵͵ֶ񶾣ȻԾ˾䣺ħ˵䣬£ħˣ֣ͳֵģ
һ仰û˵֪һ仰ʲôɣ
ֻŹ޺;ĻЩϴֵʱϳˣ޺ܰ룬ְ˹֣
ɴʱһᵽ˴ô룬ȴİƵģ
ûΪ仰ʲôνЦЦֱӽӸףѵÿǻ״ڣ͹ԳǴ𻰣ãܹܣ
Գǵ沿һ飬ȴû˵
ò׻Ծĳ棬ʱٴΰ
ԽԽЩţӿڴͳֻʣֿȴƾס֣ҡҡͷ۵׵˼ʮס
ң滹ھƿ֮УҾϷͺá
Ϸ
ʱԳǰںľϵȻ˵ϡ
ײУ˹ɷħ֯һ𣬶ԻӹײĵȻĶҪթʬˣ
ɫ˲һ䣬͵һڹײϣ뽫ײİƿɹԳǵĶȴ죬֮ǰȵĽײİס
ȫ̿Ϸ·ⳡսƵģɫ͸ˣ˵û˷Ĵڡ
رīɫۣİĵؽ֮С
Ȼɫǻĺ뽫ײĴ򿪣ɹԳǾ֪˹ײʲôƵģӡ
ײָӶԽԽײĲϻζ·һ룬ײĸӲƿҲᱬը
͹ԳǵĿײһɲǼƺ˻𻨣˭˭ƵģϢϱǡ
´ʱңѾ̤֮ѹ֮£ҪǾ볯ڶɽЩϢڴվסŸ
֣
ڣɫʮ䣬м
ɹԳȴ仰˵Ľ˹ײ֮ϡ
ʱƾǲƵģѽѽֻֽͱʷ˹ײϱߣҪҪˣ֣
ʲô
͹Գͬʱʡ
ƾȴֺǺǵЦ˵˾˵ĻʲôѽȻǶ϶Ͽ˭˭Ӯ
仰Ļ䣬ԳǺһȦ
һЦĶˣС˾һ䣺ײﵽʲô
ɾȴζĻҾ䣺һ֪ˡ
Ȼ⸹ƿһС
벶Լȸں
ʱײٴɷħԳһ͵شӿڴͳüҪǮƵȫ˹ײϡ
ֱԳǣв
ԳǷǵûݺݵŭһ䣺֪ײʲô𣿡


218 ˴VS
һ۵ɫʹԳǣ㵹˵˵ľŵʲô
Գû˵Ȼǲñ֪ľзŵʲôҲñ˽ľ餴򿪡
һԳһд˼֡
ֻꡱһľ餾һǡ
ײĵĽһƣɷħ˲ӹײӿ⣬Գһⳡüͷ͵һ͵һ飬ˣ
ȻΪɫǷΪڹײŵģ̣ɴӹԳģԿ϶ײġǡ
ڵȫˣԺֻһͷǾǴ򿪹ײģ
ΧȫվһԿϷֻ˲ڹײǰԳ֡
ʱһһĹȥˡΧɷħԽŨۼŶҪΧĿڸǣȴû
ֻɲǣײٴηˡ죬·ײĶƹ׶
Գһģɫˣȴû˷ſ׵ɵãٴκײģ֣ƣ֣
һԳ˵⻰ÿһƺЩ̫ŵʵ㵹˵˵ײʲô
ԳǺݺһҧƺʲô㿪ڽײŵĶݵͬʱֻ顱һײ͵һħ⣬˶˺Զ
һֱӿˣ
ôʲôȻԳǺôԶ
꣬ꡱҶľ餾ڴʱΪ˷棬Χħֱ̫ӽҵ۾ԵĶЩۡ
ʱ뾹һѽ§뻳УԼ洩Ŵ𣬰˶·档
ʱһһĹȥΧϢҲûСĴӾ뻳ѳ
ȴԭȷľ餵ĵطʱֳһӰӰʮģΧħ֣һʱҶЩӰ˭ˡ
ôŨħȴ֪Ӧþ˴˰ɣ
˴Ĺ餲ĹѨ֮ڣձ޴ӷӡзųôֻľ֮У
ɲҶ룬ǰѾΪʵ壬ޱεӣȴҾԭء
һ°ϸƵ׽ƬڰӰ֡һ˿һϵɫͷ߸ߵԺüºɫ̲Ũûī
ɢħϢǴɢħ˿˶ܳ
ɫķбɵӢͦüϸ̲ĺĴǷ޳ߴȴģҹеӥȴʢˣȻɢǰصǿơ
Ҽ˴ɲǣ͵ӿ֡

ñŮ˻ҪŮˣֱŮ
µǣĳ࣬;벻£ǹţƥС
Ҳѹ֣þ붼ɵΪԼĳˡ
ҿӣȴԽԽЩϤļԼô룬ȴ벻Լļ
ֵɲǣԳǺݺݵĿһֱɵԭأƺ޷ţľˣȻ˴
ֻĿݺת徻ӣȴ徻ҲһãȻ
Ȼղ徻ľеĴ𰸣Ǻľˣ֣ơ
˴ˣ̵Ӱȴٳû¶棬Һһʱ䶼Щ㵡
˴ɲǣ˵Ŀ⣬ۼϣ·ǿߣħľ
һµţֲȾṴĻȣʮˡ
޿ֵӣ۵׵ĳԺͼˡ
ɫĿ⣬ҲЩ֡
һʱ䣬Щ첻ѡ
ڳˣΪĳ˾ƾ֮⣬ʲôˣʹϱȽϵɻЩֱ˴Ŀ⡣
۾һԼǰϵĸо
̫ǿˡ
Ŀ⣬ӳֵڣʼնͶߣҲ֪ڿңڿ룬ƾ
Ȼ³ʮֺƶþò
ƾû˵Ǹޱȵģٴ˳
о仰ƾϳеٺò
ʲô̬ȶ㣬ȡ֮Ĺϵ
ھǰСˣ¶һģ˴ԹԳǣȴȫһĪ⣬Զʵģ
ƾĿ䣬Уȴָ˳ֳһů⣬˿׽͸ȴҪӽ
ҽһμû̫𣬿ȴãƾһ¡
벻ǣ뾹ĵĶ˴һ䣺þò
ƽ˸θ롣
ȴ˶һָо˴ս
һɽݲ˶֮һˣ
˵Գǵıʮֲˬӵɲǣ۵׵ɫҲһϷģֻŹ޵Ŀ⣬ȴǴ˼
žĿ⣬Ȼżֵģ
Ҳɵ𼸷ֲ죬̫Ǵһ;붼ֳһƲģ
벻ǣɫ˵ʱվ˴ߣžĿ⣬ȴɵôżֵǣмҿ⡣
ɹ޿žĿ⣬ȴû⣬ƣ޲þֱ˴Ƶģ
ҽ˵Ŀɨһ飬ٴοʱ𼸷ֵǣɿžһƵģȴһ
еϢɱŵ˴ȴֺ
е񣬺ȽȽΧĵ˴ҪŨ
Ŀཻɲǣ·ǧֻȴ˭ûȳ֡


219 ˫˫Գ֣
û뵽ǣ뾹ȻڣΪĻҡ
Ӧ֪֣ġ
䣬˴ſ˫֣ƤЦⲻЦĿڣĹɲͻհҽôģǵĵ̡ҲԼҪˣ
˴˵⻰ʱѵҧرء
⻰˵꣬Ŀ⵭תҵϣ˾䣺þòա
ᣬܵҶһƬ
˵֪Լݲزסһ˴Ҳ׾ٽϳ̲ס˳ǣſȴ֪ʲôһ仰û˵
˴ȴ㲻ȥһĳҵķÿһ϶ųһħ
Ҫ֣ƣҿ԰ʬ㡣
仰Ƕ˵ģȴҲӳˡ̵ʬϡ
Ҷӣ漫һͷһұֲʧɾôĻ棬ûҿڻشƾȴɷ羰ĺ֮䡣
ҪþͿãϻô
˵䣬ƾڵϢ˲䱬˳¾ĶĴҡɢ

˴û˵ʮ̵ֱֻӳ嵽˴ԣгһɨһڳ
ɾʱҵĶԾ͵ش졣⹬ڵĵذ壬
ҵ۽Īķĺܿ죬ܸоʲô֡
ɲǣȫ·ڵȴֵĶ
ԽԽҲԽԽӽ·һ룬ͻڴҵǰ
ֻԺȻ֨ѽһʲôľűˡ
뽫Ŀ⣬תɫȴһħƵӰ˴ǰ
ɾֵɲǣϵħɢȥ¶˵ģԽԽЩ죬ֱӰױ¶ڴǰ͵һҪǾңֱӳȥˣ
裡
˼ĵɴ˫ۣǰĿͬʬ֣ŭ
徻ӺһЩԾæסûܳȥĿݽӲ۵ûһ˿ɵߵ˴
˴ɫȻֻ꣬ߵɲǣЦſڣҪʬ壬𣿡
˵ģ̱ûκιϵ
һǲɻ֮ǰ˴һֱӡڳɽϣò׾۳һĨӰֱ˾
ôڱٿһУôʧ˵ҵ˿µĺɣ
ҽŵŴżĲУȴû˵Ǹңڸ˵ʱ
ƾҲһû˵Ŀ˴²Ҫ
һԵȴվסˣ͵ƿ徻ӻ壬ֱӳ嵽˴ԣ뻽̣ȴ̴һɡ
˼ĵɴ˫ۣѳһ֣裡
ңҲĳǰ̤һһס֣ҡҡͷźݺһҧԭء
ϱĲϷ﷭֮⣬һˡ
ģ˾֮⣬Ȼ˴һֱûзĹԳǣ
ǰ˴֣жôԣҶվһԿϷģһ˶ҪУʱʱĺĳ̽ϼ䣬ĵðһֿܡ
ղһĻòԵݵİɣ
潩˺ܾãû˵˴ὫԼİ׷һƲͷ̵ʬ˾䣺ȻûҪ㣬Ҳûκ壬ųɽɽȥɡ
һ˵ɽɽȣ͵֣Ѫҽ
Ѫҽļ䣬Ƿɢɢƴġ
˵ڳɽһϿȣǱһƬȴԨһƬѪ죬ðҽҽģȴкܴĲǣƬҽģͬ˵ѪҺԨ
ഫѪҽˣ屻ҽʴˣĻһղɢһֱѪҽܾ֮࣬ٱɣ޷Ͷ̥
ʱŵʱ»һϵķǾǰˣ޶֮ˣᱻѪҽܾ֮࣬޷
ôһ˵ҵһĶʱ˴ǰûʲôӡżһ棬ȻͷƵҪЮǣ
͵ط⧲һȴʱ˿ڡ

Ҳ˼ĵɴ˫ۣ룬ɫ޳ûʲôӦȴףڣѾò
Լǰ֮òȴΪҡ
ҺεºܣþΪò
ɾû£˴ȴֱЦˣһаʾ룺ûɣ
˾ϵƹߣʮ־ˣȻ̸
˾ֱѣܡĴй١ʮ˧ʮ˾ʮ޵ֱʮйϽ
˵ֱʮйϽʵǿһͳ˾ȴĩĵʮ׳ʮʮ־
˴Ļ䣬Χ˳ƾ֮⣬һУҲ΢΢һ·û뵽˴Ȼֱӽݵơ
˵֪ݲ򵥣˾һǸصĴȫû뵽뾹ȻôţƵģʮ
Χֻû룬㿪ڣǺһ䣺һ˾ʮݣħħ˴ˣпɱ֮
ˣ⻰ɷˣұӡǧ꣬ħʱңĻܳƵħ𰡣
Ļ˵꣬˴Ͻ죬˴ս죬ûȾ뿪ڣƾֱӡһ۹һת뵽ʲôѡ
ħˣ⻰˵Ĳԣ˵ӡλ˼ħһٳΪħħ𣬿˼ͲҪħݣȥˡ


220 ûر
ƾ⻰һ˵Щ죬ħɲ˭뵱ܵģôţƵݶҪֱ£
֪ΪΣҵԺкȻֳһĨӰһμʱ򡣻˴ĹϰħûУΪ뵽ԼЩ벻ס
⻰Ÿ䣬һֱѹƵ˲䡰ꡱһЦƾ˳ӣƾ˵Ǹħ𣬸òǽгīɣ
Ҳжţʱ򣬵˵ĵ˾ѣѵüƾ˦˸ôõɫ
ͷ˵԰жš
ҼһһȵģҲﲻסҪЦȴ˴ûŭЦӯӯĿƾ
˵֮ǰùԳǽЦ滢Ĺ͵ࡣһ˴ֻ˴Ц滢ֳû㶯
ֱ˵ꡣ˴һЦ⣬ΧȫץԼУûڣҲûκα顣
ڵȣڵȾں̸ɣ
ɴʱľ룬ȴҲû˵Ź̬ȣ˵Ŀٴνһֻ˲䣬˴ЦˣʣǲҪ֣Ƶʬˣ𣿡
ȵȡ㵽
ȥҲǰ취Ҳվס˴ˣ
Ȼһڣ˴۵˲ŨŨЦ⣬ζĶ˵˾䣺գ̲סˡ
ҵĿ˴ûشֻһΣ㵽
ȴЦ˵˾Ҫ֣Ƶʬܼ򵥣þԣԼıûͰ֣Ƶʬ廹ǡ
һ⻰ʱһ㶣
˴ʲô˼ȻԼû
ҲĻͷһ۾룬ɾ뻹û˵ƾֱӻؾһ䣺ܣ
һƾôǲĲУܣΪʲôܣ
֮ǰüΣûر壬ȴҲûûм䣬ǲǻʲôҲ֪飿
ɾʱ뾹Ȼ΢΢˴ҰѱûͷŹ֣Ƶʬ壿
˴ͷû˵
ɾ뾹Ȼһá֡
áָ䣬˴üͷһһʾ룺˵㻰ıһó
Ļ˴˵ȴĵͷ㻰
⻰˵ּ꣬˾䣺Ҫ֣Ƶ˼ڵħһɢˡ
˭ϣ˴һ⻰ЦĸӲˣ˫ģɷǺÿ
ʲôҷѽ˵ô˼ҵʬƵģԣҪҴħġ
£ңж־ȣ
Ȼ̣ҵ˴Ҫ˴ħ
˴ĿĴﵽҲûйһӣŤһԵʯϺȻһţ͡
ִѳһλߵģȻǹԳǣûжһֱĿǵϣֱῴһ˴ҳŴȥŸ
Ͼȳ̵ģǾ룬
ƾô˴̸ģ벻ûر壬ȻԭģһǺҪģԾΪңһһǾЩ˼飬ⲻ˼֮⣬омϲ
ϲʲôԼҲ֪
֮ң˺ܾò֪ʱԼϲʲôϲģԼ϶ĸоɣ
ָоĺܺá
Ȼû˵Ҳ˵ܾãڱΪ˺ܶ顣
Щ飬ģı¶
ֱҼ̤ȴţ˴Ȼһա
һͷɲǣ˴һۣȴЦķǳɾûħûƣûΣеģǷĵЦ⡣
ҡ
ֺᣬᵽת뿪֮󣬶ûʲô
Ǿ˴֣Ҷûʲôӡ󣬸ûʲôøУֳһҺӸ
˴ĹѨֱӽϰĻþǰŸ˼֮Цźǵ˱
ϰһǷǳмģҼˣˣԸһŵѩʮꡣ
һУǸû˵ֱǴ뿪ɽʱڣҵ֡

ֵʱЩֲ嵽ʲôһͷȴüͷһңȥñʱԺ˵һ𣿡
ϸոһĨ죬æҡ֣ҵҲ˼ûж⣬ֻǾıϾҵĵ̣ܰæ
ԡ
û˵Ȼ𣬻ͷһ
æ죬ƺҪ˵Щʲôɻͣȴһ䣺ллл
ҿЩᣬתһͬ;ȥʱȴٴδ𣺡ԺԽ𣿡
һ㶣û뵽ʣȴ֪ôشûлͷžһ뿪
صѾˣ˷ɻƾѾһ䣬Ҳ֪ߴߴ˵Щʲôһԭء
ֱصԣƾŵ˾䣺ˣ⼸ҺúϢϢ׼¹ȥɡ
󣬻Һ;Ӧֱת˻
ǰ뿪ŵɲǣöӲůůĶҲһ־ȻǾİ壿
Ҫ֪ǰµöѾΪһҵڣ⵽ʲô˼
ɵٴ̧ͷѾߵ¥ϣȫ̰ĲС
̾˿ŹϣöصԼ䣬ɵϴ裬ȥ뷿ʾ룬ҵʱ򣬾ȴҵķǰ
Ҹմ򿪷ţ𣬱ŵĺһ˵ϡ
ôˣ


221 ҵĺӣ
û뵽뾹Ȼһѽ§뻳УֱӰҶ˴ϣұ˻ڣ°ͶҵĶͷϣ졣Һƾȥñ塣ȥ
󣬶ʱһ㶡һΪʲô
ֻ֣Σա֮ûģ
һˬݺݵĴţ֮ǰһֱûر壬ԭ򰡣
ͷ˵ԡ
ʲôһʣӣǲ˵ķ˸ۣɢһ޾Ϣһûǽȥ
һѰ˻̾˿ȻǷˣ
㻹ǵá˴ʲô𣿡ʵҵͷ˵ǵãʮ־
롰š˵ҪûرĻͺпܣҪ˾ˣϾ˾ôһûر壬͵Ǻ˾˵
һĵ׶ʱһ˴ȫʮ˴һ飬ѾģݣȻˣСþֱӻ˾
ʿˮʾ룺֮ǰΪʲô˵
о仰ûʳڣһֱ˵һΪǷ⡭

㵣ġ
뵭ĻҾ䣬ɫȻһѽ§뻳У˯ɡ
ٴδѶȵȣ㻹ûңҪǰѱûˣҪֱӻ˾𣿡
ģһƵġ
ṴһĨǳЦҺȻƣû˵뻳С
һҹΣڶ𴲵ʱ򣬿뻹ߣӿֳů⣬ֱĵס
̾˿Ҫǿԣʱ䶨һӣȥͺá
Щ죬ĪЩƽû͹Գ鷳ЩӦƾûҴ绰˼Ƶġ
˴Ȼһֱûгǰȴʱ޿̶֪Ѿӷӡгˡ
ֱƾ뿪죬ǧԼСģҪ£ȥһȥɵò˾䣺Ϊʲô
ȴҵԣҶͷһǣƾĳȥ
ǰŸߣҵƤͿʼϷܸоЩʲô£ûκԤס
ѾܾûϵʦߺҲûסʦ˸绰벻ǣʦӵ绰ĵһ仰ȻǸңԺڸ绰ϵˣ
ֻоԼԺʱһɣü붼ϢƵģ㶵ʦΪʲôѽ
ȴңҵѾ¶ˣ·ֻܿԼߣҽ伱꣬Ҫˡ
һʦ񽻴Ƶģ۵˲һ˵Ĵ𼸷ֲΪʲôѽʦҪȥģ
Ѿụ̂ʦȻҲҪ뿪ң
ǹɲԤУ𽥴ҵؿӿԽԽоЩǱǰףϻһ£ȡ̫
ʦȴûش⣬ԺҪǼװʶУԼȥԼ飬Լ̫ǣ
ԽԽʦڽһۣ͵ؾʦǲΪ˴ĳ֣ƻǰĲ֣
ɵ绰ͷȴ˼ཱུ
ֱӰֻ˵ϣɿֻˤƬЩڣӵϽֻһһŴ۽¡
ھյĴֻԼһˣĪģЩİдӹĺ¡
ô죿
ҺδһƬã
ˣʦʧ٣ƾߣԽԽûȫУԽԽӡ
ɾʱԴѵһʲô£Ĵ˿һͣҵ࣬ȴһֱҲڿڴѪ꣬ʱ˵ϡ
ʱѪ꣬ҾЩİ
ֱһĶжʱһֻʦ绰ȴͣ˰ա
͵أѪ꣬͵绰ŶܵӪҵ˸ֻ绰ϣʦ˺ü绰ȴǲڷ
ڷ
ô죿
ǵµʱѾУһ˺ü£ȴǺݺһˤֱӴδ͵ĺӣ
Ѫǵʱʦҵģ˵ҪԵҵĺΪٳûκϵټ֮һ׮׮ֻܽʹĵԼԸἰ
ڡ
ѪڳһһĶҵĺ
˷Ƶģϸ룬ƾʦ̴绰ɴȥȴûһͨ
ĺݺһҧָֻͣĻĵ绰ϡ
ȻǱɫɱΣվףҸø绰ҿԸ绰
˱ۣ̾˿룬һ޷ԭ
ҲǸˣ˭ͬң
˭ͬǻûüûüһ۵ĺӣ
صңҽöѪ꣬ѪŮѪлԺѪˣΪʲôҰѪø˼ĵɴ˫۵Ҿ˵Ѫôôԭ
ѪŮҵĹϵܺãҺܶ飬û֪
ҵ˵ͷû˵ѪŮȴһұסҰͷļϡ
֪ڹԮֳµңҪֻ̫Ҫ֪Ҿͺá
̾˿ӻǷſյ״̬һĺϺҡڲ
ô죿
Լô죿
Ĩ嶯ɱȥҾˣ
Ǹңģ
ҼĿҪ裬ɵ绰ȴʱ˿Ҷԡ
ҽ绰𣬷Щ죬ֱҽ𣬵绰ͷԳǵҵű˻
ھ¥¡
㣬


222 ҶԹ
ҺѪŮһۣСĿ˾䣬Ǳϰµģһʱֱ
ţ̸̸
ԳǵٴƽҸ׽͸˼־裬ȥţ
ֱҽͼоİ嶼֮СĺѪŮ˸ܿλãĹע˹Գǵһһ
û뵽Ҳλվû룬ֱӽĿתߣĨЦݣϲ͵
û˵ֻǿҹɫվĹԳǣ󱳶͸ˡ
ŰɣûҪ£Ҳô㡣
ԳٴοڣϴżЦ⿴ҡ
һͷһѪŮҸô죬ȴԼݺһҧͼŰ塣ȥԳǿš
һЦЦôŸһ㲻Լˡֱһƨ˿ɳϡ
Ҫͼ𣿡
ҵĶʱһ㶣ԳǴҹңΪľȻͼ
ɵã۽ǹ˼ֲ죬ЦôģҪҰ
š˾䣬ûУҺ
һֻоһͷˣ
ôãϵ¶ôࡣ̸Ϻɹģȴ޼
㻹ǵãڻԼ֮ǰװװ˺ܾã԰ɣȻǵоͼƾǰЩһֱҡ
ֱӰѻ⳶ͼ֮ϣҵ˵ͷ˵֪ȴûڶ໰
Ͼеʱ˵˵ĻҪá
֮˳ҵĻ˵ȥңǾͼа취õǡ
֣ϵÿɳˣҪǲ˳Ļ˵ƶ֪ԼôԲˡ
о仰˵ĺãֲЦˣҾҲ֣ϵĲˮڿʹԳǣʲô
Һ
˱֣Լú˵жôҪ
ҲɵӣȻõͼȴǳסû˵İŪϵĲߡ
㵹ǺƾЩ񣬲֪ǲǺƾദ˵ԶţһţһʲôڸĵʱЩƾƵĶ
û˵ԳЦЦԽԽסˣǾ䣬ȴᡣ
Ҳ֪Ǻǻ
̧ͷЦЦԳһֱͼҪȴһֱװһĲеģ
ʱ䣬һһĹȥԳûס飬˵
ԹԳǳǸԸ˵ҪررҪõ飬ƹ
ңҺ£ܼ򵥣Һһ𣬶Ը˴
Ҳ˵ҲԸ˴ģϾʹڳɽ˴;ԳǷӿĻܿôһܣ
ɹԳصغ̸Ǻ˴иѪްɣ
ҵִͦգһƿеĸоǹԳѽ֪һװ޶ԣ֮ĵ֮ǰѾд𰸣֪һ᲻Ӧ˰ɣ
ԳûشңǾĿңȻѾ֣ȨȫץС
ȴˣڴ绰Ҫ̸𣬾ѾûȨˣ
ҽһתƺȻ㣬ʹԳǣҼǵãһֱޣҺܰղ𣿺֪ǻգôûһ㷴Ӧˣң֮ǰüΣȢ𣿡
ҵĻ䣬ԳɺĿҺüۣȴûشҵ⣬ң㲻Ҫͼ𣿡
ûشҵĻȻǣЦһӣĺݺһҧҵָ䣬Ȼˣʲô˼
ҡǺǡЦû˵вˮЦЦĿȴˬѣ
Լûôһ죬͹ԳǶԵ˽ɫҪɱңһ̵ֱӣ·Լ
ԭò˼ɵֻһݵľ롣
ǻգһִҶ£˺û˴
˵ԳȻ֪ңºпܻᴵˡ
Ͼǻգɢ󣬻ĻգȻڱֳСûκμ䣬ƫƫ׽͸Խ˼ɵ
ڼϣԻгīƾ㲻Ǿͼһ죬ҲҵС
ο
ͼҵĶ
󣬹ԳЭҵޣ޷ǾǾɱյʱǰװˡ
ȢңȴֻǾֲ̾ңھӵζ
ȴֻûᣬԼա
ҲûϾ˻ǽҲҲҪԸ˴˵ĵˣѣȻԳǶʾˣҴӦˣֺη
ҴӦ֮ǰǲǼ޸
Գǵͷ˵й
Ϊʲô޿ʱ򣬾İһ
һֱȻûʣɱˣǷǳܣ
ΪԳǲشңû뵽ԳǾȻżּң֪ʵ˼𣿡
һ㶣û뵽㣬ɿԳǵӣһʼԹôãĿɳЩ׽͸
ҹȻ˴Ŀر𣬶Ҷ˴Ҳر𣬵˴ȴһ㰮ⶼûУ
ʱһԼĵ뷨
ȻԳǸ̾㿪ڣ˾ҶʱЩԾȴ˵˾䣺ãӶһ
ЦЦû˵ǹ˼룬ҵ׺
ЦŵͷӦ˺ɾڹԳ˵ҵϢûͼɲǣɫ˲һ䣬Ϣ
ѪŮҲǸӦʲôһ䱸ţҾȻڴӰӡ


223 Գ
ЩӰӵĺ棬һīɫӰǴңҶ벻ʱ򣬱ɫȻ֡
վȺӰӵһ԰ķЦ·ƴϣе൱ֲ
ҽŵĿһ۹Գǣȴûκα飬Ҹ²͸Щʲô۵׵Ĳ죬֪ɫҲ൱𾪡
ýָͷ뵽ɫڳ֣鷳ģΪԳǾԱߣҲû뵽ûǾڴڵһС
ҸСʾԳô죬ɻУֱԼ˻ȥ
ҪùԳǰæҿ϶Կ
ɵãҰһݽһ𣬿ʮ侲ȴֻԼ֪ԼڰģȫǺˣ
ʱһһȥЩվ꣬ʱҲվסһôĴеĴ𡰿꣬ꡱ
ɲǼ䣬һ鴰͵ر飬һֻ϶˽鴰ɲǣԳʮ֣صĿһۡң𣿡
Ļû˵Ҳ
Ҫǲǲܰҵģ
ݺһҧҶԹԳǵͷֱվһڵ̵˺˸顭
ǹԳǵĶЩסЩҪֻ꣬Ƿ׷ͣеĶɻûҺ͹Գ㶹Ⱥ꾹ˣɫóһ·
ɫվǿ˵Ĵ棬һ˫ĶңľҹеЫ˷ʤ
ұͷƤЩ飬ȴ¶һĨʮֹЦݣĿתԳǣû¡
ƽɻ䣬ԳȴֱЦֻᡰšһ󣬻رɫһ䣺£ҵ¡
ɫЦЦ˸˳ֳĸоʮаԴӹ޳֮󣬱ɫʮְðϢ˵ڵĻ¡
񣬶һ䱻ƳɵľżʮֽӲҪǿԿ϶ɫûб˸壬ΪǱ޸ٿء
˴ֻչȥ
Ц֮󣬱ɫ˵ţ⻰˵Һ͹ԳǵҲû̫ӦϾɫħҲأû͹޺ħ٣Ҳкܴǣ
ҪǻղԸ⣬ô죿
޵ṴһĨЦ⣬Ŀűɫ
ǾֻӲˡ
ɫӻɲǣ͵رһɱ⣬䣬һȺȺӰ͵سŴֻ顱һֱӽǰһƬ顣
һֻֻӴӿ룬лħȻЩǱɫħƣɫ˫Ϸ̹ӣȴֱ䵽ҵǰ
͵أʶͱ˫ۣ۵ɲǣԻһйԳұ۵
ɾɱۿΧıҲǰ취ۣһֻǿ͵ؽҴɳקק˲䣬ۣȴѪŮĳ˫ͫ׾ڴʱ̹⡭
ģɫȻѪŮ
֮Ҳ֪ɫͬǧһܹǧݣ˫ۻֻܹ꣬ʹĴЩ֮ǰһֱûá
ԳһҶһֲһЩӡֵ꣬Ҫ˼ѪŮѾǺ
ĪģҲ֪Լĸˣڴʱ˹Գһ䣺ǹ
ɹԳǾȤƵģһ֣ħ
СģϵЦ⻹ûֱӽҵסһ
ֱ͡һҶԣһͷɲǣ˶ɵԭء
ڸղҺ͹Գǽ̸ʱ򣬱ɫȻҪҴӹԳǵĻקߣɹԳǵĶ죬ֵɲǣ͵ؽ󣬱ɫһԼʧ֣־ͻóһѳͱ˹Գǵؿ֮ϡ
ԳǿԶģֻҪһ㣬Ҿͻᱻɫǿߣҳסһ廤סң
㾹Ϊһ
ɫУԳǵѪһţһ߳ĵ˾䡣
Ҳ㾹Ϊ޵߹
Գɫ飬ȴǿеվҵǰݺݵĳһ䡣
ɫ͹޺ûʲôƫƫԳǾȽ϶񶾣˵ĺ˱ɫΪ˵߹ȻǰѱɫĲУɫ۵͵رһɱ⣬Ϣǡ
һã˵ĹԳܣȴһ̩ɽƵģҵǰ

ɫĺݺһҧϢ۷壬嵽ǰɲǣݺݵŭһ䣬Ҽ״ЩӰĹԳǣ͵ԴУɾɲǣԳǾסҵֱӰҵڡ
˼һ֮򲻹ġ
һ仰ֱӰǺҳһףԼչ˺ԼֱӺͱɫһ
û˹ԳǵıӻΧ꣬бƵѪŮȫһѷĳҵķԼڵ󼸸ȴ͵ԼڵԳǸֱԳһ䡣
ˣ𣿡
ȴĻһ䣺ָƷӡˣ
ɴʱѪŮ嵽ҵǰΧһȦҰΧһôйȥָ
͵أҽͼ˳˵òͼϱǿ԰ҵһЩģ
ͼ˲䣬Ⱥ꿪ʼĹңһͼ϶һָƿԳϵķӡÿҿһָѪŮһ£ֱӿ
ѣڲҾͲˣ


224 ܣ
ѪŮɫ̫һֱڱƻ״ֲ̬֪ôĺݺһҧԼҧˣ͵һ㡣ӿڴͳһŻƷѪͷϣ
ѪŮʱƷԭأɾһĹһûüȺ͵سһڰգǴһĿ϶ûУŪԼ䤱޲һȫŪ
òҵ˸ָϵķӡ⿪Ҹһ͵ؾҧָ⣬һջһ˸Ƶ䡣
ããۺУؽɽ鱦⣬ն׳ط꣬ᦣԱ֮ƳӵĻ꣬ع񡭡
˲䣬ҽջõѪֱȺϣ˵ھΪţΪҺ
ƣ
𣡡
ɲǼ䣬͵ؽȺУԴԴϵĳ͵ͼɫһָкһ䣺ɱ
Ⱥɫꡣֱӳҵűɫȥ
Ǹܵ˱ʣɫһͷҵķ򣬼Լ걻ҿƣһҧгݵ˾䣺㡭
ɫĳѪı飬ԳǸͶһĨɫϵĵ⻹û翪ȴɫ͵ؽԼƣڿлһԲ˫һϵķ䡭
ɲǣѪйɰ㣬Χ֯һӡǡ
ԳһⳡһãµԾҵԣܣɫȴʱ͵˫ۡ
ʱĿľѾõʬ壬һƵľʲôѪҺ۾Ҳڴʱȥ˫̵ͫ룬Ѫ⡭ɲǼ䣬ѳ
飬飬ɷӱɫҹѪǧƣƣߵħ˴ħ飬ħ𣬽̤Ƶ򡣡
ʮ磬գڣ鲻Ҳӱɫ񴢱򣬴͵Ըɻħӵ򡭡
Ļ䣬ԳѾƴǰӿڴͳһŻƷѪŮ˽ȥɴʱߣƺѾ̫
ԱɫϻصŨµħΧֱڸǰ·ⶰС¥ڡ
ҳôûôŨħǱҵģʱӺˣ̧ͷһĹԳǣɫԼѪٻʲô𣿡
Գǵͷһ۵Ǿ裬ĴtĻһ䣺Ѵٻˡ
һ֣ĵ͵һŵͷƤ˲һ𡭡
죬аҲнܹ
ﶼȷĻ֣Щֹ磬ˣħɣ磬ÿ綼иԵ򣬸Եķ˭Ҳ޷ãȴһֱ編򣬲κһ졣
Ǻ죬֮棬ؼǵϢĶʮ˲ܵħԨеħۼɣɣγɵӵһȺӵߣΪŰΪ񡭡
ֱʵԽԽǿ˼ٵͿ̿ɾŮշӡħĵط
ˣһ˽ᡣ
˭뵽ɫȻԼΪħٻ˳
ħŨγһŴ¶ǣʹǺ¡¡¡¡֮׹ȴƲħֱӱ桭
İУȻһ߸Ьħİ֮߳ıɫ
ֻ£ֵΪˣһģǵķﲻ䶯Ҳ֪߶ʲô
ΧħԽԽïܣǰĵذ徹һ͵ذȥһ󶴣󶴵£ʺһƬϵðѪݣ˼
ҽŵվڹԳǾͼԳǵɫҲʮأĿڰȥǸ档
ɲǼ䣬һħ˻쳹ĶߣǸʺĴ󶴵£ʱһʺޱȣ񱻰ƤӰ
ԽǼⳡɫЦԽ䶯ƵҲԽֱӰҪһεɲǣſЦпڣڴӦȥ˴ü
ȻɫбԼΪٻ
һֻ֡žડһӴ˳һ޴ģѪӰӵضڻ
Ҽ¥ߵѪӰŵȶˣŹԳǵӣô죿
ɹԳȴûлشңѪӰѪɲǣҳһƣһס죬ܣ
Ҳ˼ĵɴ˫ۣʹԳǣô죿
ȱҡ
Գǻ䣬͵ؾͳŴȥжɲǣ˫Ѫ۾ҲѾ
ҽŵıͼվԭأȥԳǣ¸ңֱԳһУݺݵ˦ɺԶڵϣ³һĨѪ̲סҪǰ
ɾҪǰɲǣԳǵԺҴͼͼܳȥҸϽӣ
ʱĹԳǣѪǱĲУǱɫͱƵؿڸԴԴϵðѪ
ʱңҪˣ¹Գ
ɵãҺݺһҧͼȴû뿪Ժٵתһȴȥήȴڲıɫ
͵أҧָڿлһѪ


225 ʦ
ɾҽѪűɫɲǣɫв㣬ҷЦ

Цʮа࣬ëȻƤȫð
סŵĿѪűɫȥɾԽɲǡȴһƸ˸飬һɣ͵شؿһѪǱʮʹ
ߣ
Գǵ˻Ҷҽŵ̧ͷһۣȴһ룬ݺݵĶҡͷ
Ҳܶ㣡
˵仰ʱʮּᶨ
ҿҿԱ裬ҿԱ˲ڽ£ҾԲܶߵڲˣ
رڱҵʱ
顱һԳǾ͵رݺݵһԵǽϣǽ˲䰼ȥһ飬ֻžüǽװ쾹ȫ䣬˹Գǵϡ
ҽŵĿһ۹ԳǡʱҵͷƤ˲һ飬Ǳʲô˵ĸоСĵʿˮ΢΢Ŀ⳯һתȴ˫Ⱥҿ
ɲǼ䣬һ⧲һ㱻һȵӽСҲݺݵĳһǶ㿪Ĺһȵĵ棬ʱǵһȥһ󶴡
Ȼ㿪Ĺȴ⧲ıɡݺݵˤ˵ذϣٴһѪ

ԳǺɸֵҶҼĶЦЦû˵
ԳʶļеĵУ˴֮⣬Ϊصһʶôã֪ã֪ǰκĻ֮⣬ûκѶϢǰ׶ɶӡҶ׽͸
ң˱£иԵԭ򣬾͹Գǣѹ͸ôģҲ֪ǹղŻشҵǸħ
͵سҵķ³һħֱչͼͷӵ˫ֿҲûãݺݵӡϡ
ɫòԽԽϣļҲˮһͰ͵һԺкȻСʱ򣬷ͷദĻ档
Ҳ֪ĸҺȻѿڶһ䣺㣬ͷǰ
ҵĻ䣬ɫĿĸӳտˣЦʲôͷװʥˣ֪ģˣ
ٶȸˣ̲ס̾һǺȻ˹Ƶģ¶һиһڸҡ
Բٿͼ
顱һ͵رһײɣԭĹĹҵϣҪǹԳǰײҹֱ˴ħצ֮¡
ҵĹԳǣǱιķɳԶݺڵϣǱ
ʱĴ죬ٴνĿתҵϣպݺݵĺ߼䣬Χĵذ嶼̤飬ֱӳ
һ߶һ˫֪еķӡ͵ؽͼһףһͼֱ踡˰֮У˴Ŀ⡣
һ˲ҿѿڶ
Ȼɢ飬̫Ԫ˷ʹȻ鱦ո죬Ǭ޺ǣ̫նаɱǧɽ䣬Ԫʼģһ飬ȴ꣬͢˺֪ţħ֣׻ɢ棬
˲䣬һ͵شͼбһֱӱͼеɺԶ
Ҳ˼ĵɴ˫ۣǰŵͼŴ졭
ǣĿԿͼˣ
һ룬ֻоͼ޵׶ƵģԴԴϵĳȡڵǰԳǷӡҲûôʹȻܱͼһӳˣ
ӵĿͼ֮ϣתҵϣĺ˺üͼȴʱ𽥻ûӰҵһͼ˲䳯ŴȥΧм䡣
ɫʹͼֱӿɵԭأҧгݵһ䣺ûôװˣ
ұ仰ʱҭ˸ʱĹԳǿҵĿ⣬Ҳżɻ
ӣûָ䣬òͼɣ
Ҵʱóͼǲҳһֱװʲôˣ
ûͣһ㣬ǰһԾѧǵָʾʼͼһͼڴϣѴ໴С
ɾ͵طͼһâӾɲǣ˲䱬һ˵ɷħаһаΧԵͼ͵شڵء
Ŀ⣬ȴʱ͵ͶһĨɱ⣺㣡
һôġ
ٻâϵƵģ
ûҷӦֱӳҳɱֱأ
ڵңôٻͼһڵϣûκô
ҶʱǱŵĲᣬȾͳܣֻһ˫ȣܵٿ죬¥ߵĴ죿
׷ϵ˲䣬ֱӱ˫ȳޱȵָУұͬʱǿӣǴԶŰ㷢Ҷ
ʮ־ħģ
벻ǣȻҾ˴ģ
ҲƬ̣ԺкȻʦҧ³ѪԼѪΪͼӡ죡
ʦɲǣ͵ؾҧ⣬ٴһѪͨͼɲǣ͵رһǡʧѾð
˲䣬һʹɿֱ֣ӵڵأˤľǼһ
ʱͼӵٴն𣬽Χм䡣


226 ǰָ
ͼΧмɲǣһηҲҿѿڶ
̨̫ǣӦͣаȣǻãɥ㡣ԩ䡣ᡣԩԩѡһԩЪҽԩҵ
ǵҵľ䣬ɲǣΧǵϢ˴룬ǲħҲɢ࣬¹͸ħս٣¹Ƶģ¹յڵ໴С
Ҽ״͵ؾͰѷӡ˳󣬵׻裬ҹͣӭ齵аħ
⣡
ӡ
Ľ͵ؼһѷ죬ֻ¡¡¡¡ļֱӱ˵صףɾӶصµɲǣֻڵϻ裬ƺҪڵץסʲôľʹ¡
վĺԶһȴ͵ط֣ǰվڽʩıɫȻʧˣ
ԳǻһԾĿһУ۵ЩҰ˸²͸Щʲô
ֱ콥룬ͷ­첻ʱ͵ɱ⣬һģ
ҿʮĪадģӡи߸ϵľŮզôҹȥ;뻹˴ȥ
ֱ쳹صףΧħɢϵĴӾ㣬ۿɼĿʼ
ֱеһжعԭ״żͼͼѹһ𣬼ͼںҽպáܵ˹Գǵǰȴһ˦
û¡
ɲǣʮֳǿ֧ӣһ԰׵ĴӵվʮҡΣ·һ룬ֱ׹ڵء
Ϣȴؾת뿪ǰҼǵúĳŵǵúһԸ˴
ҡšһΣ㵽ǹħ
ϾԳǲ̫ˣ඼ͱˣܺúõվԭأ
ɹԳǣȴ֮ǰһһ֡ħ
󣬾ЩЦǺǵЦ㲻κκ̫ôħ
ȴһ䣺뻹̫أôʮ־
һ仰˲ǺһЩʲôȴֱӻͷĿңңǲ֪ɫħʲôϵ
һԵĵͷԳЦЦ˵ɫħ⣬ħʥŮͶ˵
أҪϱӺ;±»˵ùȥڶѾǸʱˣҲûʲô¿ˡܱģΪʲôЩ£
⣬ʺܾˣһʳڣԳȴĨܱ˵ĺװֻԼȴ޿κΡ
벻ǣȻһ䣬ҸĻ
󣬹ԳǿһȥúϢҪ£ϵұ˺±ֱתȥ
ŹԳǵıӰܸоϷӿĹ¼ţ˸С
һ˵ţʱȢңֻǾþ治ңֵġ
һȴ˵Լ޿κΣ
ûֱ̫࣬һصôһ磡ѪŮղűƣԳ˻Ʒأ
͵أҾ͸ԳǴ˸绰绰Žӣû˵ͻһ䣺ģѪŮˣ͸͹ȥ
ֱӰҵ绰ˡ
ұֻ㶣뵽ǰԼʱʦһ͵ؾ͸ʦ˸绰ȴǲڷ
ɵã̾˿ţˡ
ɣֻǲ֪ƾʲôʱܻ
Ҫǻˣ˴û֣Ҷȱ޺ͱɫ˲Ƥ
ڴϣұͼ㶣ĪЩʲôʱ˯ŵģԼֻ֪֪ԼһܳܳΡ
Һصǰ
ֻоԼǱʲôʮַյĿռڣռСʮѹ֣ѹֵ淭Ҫ˻Ҫȥ
ҵô˻ȴӶ޷ʲôƵģֱҵĶԣȻһ¡¡ͷ͵ش顱ʲôըһ
ЩɲǣȻǸʮַյĿռ䣬ɺΪͨҲôѹˣҿԺˣ
ҪŤ֫ȴԼ嶯ˣ̧֣ƿͷֱԼۣΧһУֱӱԭأ
ȻԼƲԼ壬Χһгȴ㲻İ
ﲻǣͼþģӹײΪյһĻ
ѵ˵ҼͼʹͼǰļҲʼָˣ
ûв콥ҵѾĴӹײ֫ӲĿ͵ĳųɽһȥ
Χѩܴ󣬲к罫ѩҵͷϣϣëϣȴΪһϮ£ظС
ֻоԼѩ˺þãþã·𶼿ҪƬɽڣһƬϿǰһͣ
ƬϿȺİȴΧѩżƫ
ΧһϿ˸ʽֲﲻ˵Ҫѩ׷ɣΪ˴
ֻϿǰͣ˼룬̲ݻĳϿȥ
ϿȺܴ󣬺ֱһԴ㣬ֻһۣ档
ԣȻǹݵֻоһҵһ㣬۵׽¶־תͷȥ
ͷɲǣֻоҵһûҷӦҵĿ׼ٵǸˣҲǱŵĲᣡ
һֱڲ²⣬쵽ôɻյģ
Ҳһֱڲ²⣬Ѿ˵ķ죬ôӹײġ
ɿǰٵˣȴ󳹴
ǰٵĲǱˣȻҵʦδ


227 
ʱʦʮᣬȥʮģϴһϮĳۣ˼ڻʮҫۡ
´ʱʦҼǲϵԶһǵһۡϳ
һɲǣֱɵۣɻյȴĳķȥ
ʱûκǵģֻܸڣֱ㶵ʦǰʦ£¡
ºʦһ˹ݣĻϤĿֻģаٸн
ԽãԽԽ𽥻ָƵģ۵׽ָȴӲǰʱЩʲô
ֻоԺһ֧ƬΣƬٶ̫죬쵽ҸͲ׽һ˿һ塰顱һףû֪
嵹أҾûκθйƵģҲ淢ʲôֻöһС
ʱһһĹţҾˡϹӡȻʮֲˬҪյӵ𣬿ȴҲףʱңӦɣ
μģӦǰһС
ɾڻɲǡȴԼԭĵطʦҲͷһڹݱϣŻա
ʦǰŵ߹ݣʮ죬ҽŻյĿⶨһ־ȻƾǰѣҪû´Ļ߹ݺ˻յϣ֮󣬱ƾɣ
ǧϦŽһ˲죬顣
ڻĿ⣬ʦӵʱʦĵ˾ҶôоеԤԣ
ڻնߣȴֻһЦ
·Ժѻָм䡣
֮ǰ²գ룬˴һҲ֪һһȴúô¡
Ϊ֮ǰһԻΪ˾ô࣬ȵ̣þɱԼ˻ǣһв˵Ĺȥ
˾ƹߣʮ־˴ħߣħħ
ҵĵһҲǻյǰӦҲǸСλɣ
벻ǣһȥ
֮Ͽ˺þãǶҲ֪ȫ̾ڷһӰĻͳһЩ֧Ļƴһ
治ǺȫǺܶ࣬ȴܴЩƬУܵյϲŭ֣ʦͻյĽ̸У֪һЩ顣
ʦͻ˵ģȶգȥҾ룬Իǰ̡
ÿЩЦû˵ֱһգվǻȫҲָǰ¥ˤºµ˺ۣڶʦ˾䣺ʦҴɽˡ
ʦɸֵĿŻգãεıۣ;룬˴˵ĶԹͱ˾ɽ֮ǰģҪɽȥҾ룬ǣǣôǣͶϾʦͽϵ
ʦ
ղ˼ĵɴ̧ۣͷʦʦȴޱ飬۵һ̣ǱҲ׽һ
ʦݺһ˦ӣתȥ
պᣬ˫һڵϺݺݿͷʦȥıӰʦҲҴҵܱƿڱϣҲٿҵһС
ͷ꣬ʦӰȥջӵʦһ֤㿴һΪڵڶݣڶһᾫĲһ֣еĲ֣һ;һ𡣡
ɾڻտ仰ѿڶʱȴң˶ɵƵģڴϣĿ͡
ղǸκʵʵһԿ϶ǰһС
һʲôҲ֪ڶļ䣬ѾʼָָоټͼҾָܻڶеļ䡣
˵ĵòҵɣ
ҵЩ죬ܸоȻҲıȴԽߣԽµĸƫ̫ࡣ
·죬գңһ꣬һˣȴΪɳĻͬľͬȴһתͶ̥ǧΣ޷ıġ
Ǿǣ
ʦȴվЩ졭
Ҳ֪ôģܸо;Ůĸֺټ֮ǰ֪һЩǣԼá
ǸŮòҵĵһɣ
ɾŮôͱɫһת˳
Īģܸоʲôǣ
û˼¥µȴˣ˲ʵҲŵòᡣ
ҽŵĴӴ𣬿˿ǻɻûȫ죬һҧ¥ҸǶȿ˭оöȴů⡭
һϲƨƨߵ¥һ˫ǿ۰ɲǣֻо⼸һֱŵģ׶
ɻûɿ꣬ԱֱӴƾǴɷ羰컯գǬЩ˷׵飬ɺͳ
˵Ļ秵ģ˵ĶУȴʮֲˬ
͵شӾ뻳ûҳѾһȵĶԶһЦģǷĲУ
⣬ǳݵĹʦƾ
˭ܸңǲǳԴҩˡ
ȴҲףǾ仰Ҷ̬ôȡ֮Ĺϵ
ֻƾԴԼˣͶԴ˵Ĳǲе̫ˡ
ңص˼Уƾһԣ˰Ƶңûþ벻һˣ
һʱЩ죬Ķһˣ
ֱӷ˸ۣԼ
ŽĿת룬ϸϸĿ˼룬ֱɵԭء
˵ѻ𣬷ֱ˫ͷѻ˵Ҳһ˵ǲлġ
ɾϵѻȴˣȻ˵ĺɫһǳɫǳƯġ
Ǵɹûر


228 ̵ʬ
ûرˣ
һûסǿ˾䣬뵭ĵ˵ͷȴͬ
֪ΪʲôûرҵĵһӦǿģ˵Ǿ䣺ûر塣²˴
Īġһ䲻˸ɫɷײѣȽŶڷƾһҾ䣺ôˣ
űǣεЦЦ˵ûʲôæԼΣ˵Լȥ緹ܽ˳
Ҳ֪ƾ⶿ǲǹģھһ죬ž˵һǻñ飬˵ǴӺаţԺöȥˡ
ҪǱ˵һаţҹƻḽͼ䣬ƾ˵رаȥ˵Ǵĳ˴£
ɾƾ뿪ɲǣ⴫ߵߵߵ˶ʱ뵭Ķ⣬ҿһۣСƾȥ𣿡
ƾݺݵİһۣȻǲȥɾ˦ɲǣϵ¶ȶʱæƨƨߵȥš
Ųһ򿪣һʮִ̹ǵ˲ӿ˽Ǵ̹ǵĺҶĻƤð
ƾֻŴ֮һߴְ·ס˲٣Ҹ⵽׳ʲôֻøһԽŲѡ
ûҿڡƾЩεĻͷһۣԼǰ
ҶʱЩ죬ɳŴȥͬʱҲɳǣҵ֣һߵ⡣
Һ;뿴ţͷŵĴ餶ʱɫһ䣬Ҳ֪ϲǱ
ϲǣҪû´Ļ⸱ײŵģ̵ʬ塣
ɱȴǣֻгɷĹײģŻᱻţֱţпܾǴ򿪹ײĵһ˲䣬ײĶͻֱըʬ
ɱĲףһûУһֻӣһֻԼ˼άҰҲ֪ЩʲôĴӡ
˭ûпῪײĵ飬Ǿ뿪ڣҸ绰
֮ǰ˵þƾʱƾмֱӹ硣
ڹײˣпװŵḷ̌ޣ̵ܹĶӣײ£ǵ
ɵãҸ˸绰绰ܿ㱻ͨˣһ̵ĹײĶ͵˼ſڣʱ첻ѣңѱû𣿡
ҡšû˵
ȴżִ㵣ûˣ˾Ȼܻص䣿
û˵Ҳشˡ
ҲµˣһشˣھҵȵȣϾϣٶҲǹģ治֪ǲھҸ˸ʱá
绰չҶûʮӣѾ徻ӵ˾ſڣһײģɫΪÿݺݵȭ˾Ҵϡ
һȭͷڴϵɲǣƾĿڵ˾䣺ˣһӣǵǮ
䣬ɫ˽ǽŭʱݺݵ˻ȥɫѿУģƶΪƾ仰ʼѪ˰ɡ
ݺݵ˼㳯Ŵ߽ȴƾһǮٽô죿
һƾʱǷ˸ۣǡϸ㡱Ϊģ˲ȥɲøŮ֮ѵĶˡ
ݺݵĿһƾ￴ĳһƱƾ
ƾİѳƱӹǮ˾ǲһôǮ
еĳΣȴҲûΪֱ˽
ߵײĵǰ˫һ䣬ֱڵ¹ݺݵĿͷ
˺ܾƣȴЩ³çʱر˭һرìˡ
ȴҲǸТӡ
ͷ꣬ӵһص̧ͷ룬ô죿
¹ײװʬ壬ɾ·쵼ߣԼЩö⡣
û˵ǵ߽ײģڹײİ£֪ײʲô𣿡
ͷ˵ʱթʬʬ塣
Ļ䣬ƾȴֱӲ´ĳһ䣺Ҫʬô򵥣Ҫ𣿡
һƾ⻰ʱһ㶣Ϊĺһģһңƾ;Ϊײװẉ̂裬ԲҺ
ƾĻ˵꣬ɫ˲һ䣬û˵ײΧתһȦͣ˹ײĵĶƺǷʲô͵ͣ½Ųһһ˫˼Ĵ͵ؽײİӸ˿
ƿײİӵɲǣҿ̵ʬ壬ʱŵɫˣ
̵ʬûթʬȴ߸ӺݺݵĶ˹ײ棬һǴüֱӴ̵̽ͷ­̶ڹײϵġ
ҲΪӵĴ룬˲ѪҺǽǡ
⡭ʲô
˵䣬ҵżֲ۵׵𾪣޷ݴʱҵ顣
궤
˵䣬ҧгݵΣ·ֻҪʱ˴ǰһ˴̻ˣ
˴治òȻ˵һףһף
ݺݵһ䣬ۣĽ̵ĹײİϣϹײİһ˲䣬Ҿڹײ̣ṴһʮֹĻȣ
ŵֱӴǹײİĶĶһͣ£ʬָֻ
⵽ô£
ֱԭط㶣ȴĿһۣң
εҡҡͷ˵룬Ҳ˺ûǹײİ壬̵ʬЦˡ


229 첻´
ٴ谭ǹײĵĶƾȴʱȻڡȵȡ
ĻͷһƾƾȴǰǹײİӣһʱŭĲСûƾˡ
㲻áʬҲ𣿡
󣬶ʱһ㶣ÿһƾʬʲô⣿
ƾ˵һʱҲײĸӻǱϵĺá
˶ˣúõʬſڲǹײİ˵Ĺȥ
Ҫ˵ʲôȴҲʱڣƾһײŪҲʬ⡣
һ⻰ˣʬЦˣֹһ
֮ƾ̵ĹŪ˿˿鲼Ϊڣᡰʬôѿ
ô̵ʬ壿
˵Ҳ̵֪ʬ屻˶궤ʬ廹˺ɣҪǿаⶤӰγ̻ɢġ
Ҳ֪궤ʲôܸоӣöϵĶӣΪɵ
ƽһĳ棬ҵͷؼɵã̾˿ֱҹƾ뿪˾ҡ
֮ǰ̵ʬߣɻȴֲ֪Ϊʲôû˵ڡ
ƾ֮ǰĵײһȦңֱ˼ŻƷ˹ײĵĸǡ̵ü֮ϣȥ
ֱȫ֮󣬾һ˷䡣
֪Ϊʲôҿûرľ룬һֵֹֹĸоĹ֣ԼЩ˵
ֱ
Ҵԡϴ˸裬ڴϣһҵľ룬Ϸ죬Щ
ʱ򣬾ȴֱվӣϵĺߵԡϴȥˡ
ȥıӰݺݵģ̾һ
Ҳ֪Լڴʲôֵӣ
ֱԡ߳ҵԣŲһűӣһۿ룬ʵôҷ˯ˣ
ȻĻһ䣺Ҽң˯Ĳ𣿡
ĵ˲䷭˸ۣ˵ԡ
֮ǶƵģݺݵɵһԣȴһѽ̽Уһҵңôֵֹģ
Źֵֹģ
Ĺֵֹġ
֣ȫҶ֣
ôоڴʲô
ڴʲôˣ
Լ֪ġ
ң
ɲǣֱЦҾɵƣҪҪֱ˵
ҶʱҸضȥ͵شӾ뻳ȴҽĸˡ
ǲˣҪ뱧Ҿֱ˵ôԶ
ôԶȫҶôԶ
ݺݵİѾʮ飬룬ɴۣĪģһľǲֵϰͣҪԱŸˣֱӴӴϱݺݰԼˣ
ڰУֻо뱧ҵֺȻһɣҵĵס⡱һĪ𼸷ʧ䣬һ룬ȴѹҵϡ
۵ɲǣžЦң㻹ǵãҺ˵Ļ𣿡
ĿһֻоԼͷڴʲʲô
㾹Ȼˣ
۵Ƿʧ䣬ĵһ˵Щʲôȴֲ֪Ҫ˵Щʲôɴ졣
̾˿˸еĵ˾䣺㻹˰
ûҷӦȻŵζһ¡
ž⻰ŵĻһһɲõԤȻ
ܸо

ֻĸӣҵĴӡһǣǺܵƷʲôһǸǳǡ
ţƺЩֻоҴϵ͵ؼ˼֣ԼԼżֳͷƺڳͷҵļ˾˵Ļ
ôĸ
رǾָڰԵķʽҼ
һۣȴ־һıۣҵĴһ뵽֮ǰôΣͷͣ˶
ºݻ
˵
˵ûر壬Ҫ²˴
һ뵽ͺµĻ
ǴīıϢůůҵϣëҹ΢΢ҵļҲ֮кȻһɳ嶯
ȥɡ
ȻɿҵĴǿҶ׼Ŀ⣬һЦҡ

ңŵġһȴһ䣺𣿡
ҸûзӦʵʲôɻûҿڣȴԹԵ˵˾䣺ˣϲǿġ
һ仰ǰǵŶˣһȴĺܽƬĴż־ǿѹں͵⡣
ȻһĸоҵĻҵֱۣ˫ȣʹԣֻоԼ޷˼ƺʲôϯҵȫ
磬ҵĻֹס
ôоķô䣿
ʶĵۣȴŵͬ
ҵ·أ
ʶ㣬⵽ɴ˫ʱȴҲң۾żֺâɫһֱۣ˽ȥ
Ҳ֪⻹⣬˫ĴھҶԲ׵ĵطȵıϢ
ֻоԼŶҪɲˣɾ룬ȴҡ
ɳƴżȻҶ𣺡
ţ
ҿ³ɲǣֻоԼԼˡ
ɾȴЦˣĲУἸ֣ƶһĸй١
벻룿
֣һ飬˵
ɿž˫ۣȴаƵĵ˵ͷ
ֱͷɲǣԼŷӦ˹
һҵͷȻЦˣЦĴżаȣʮˡ
ʮΣǶƷһһմϣȴ޷
һɹĸйϮֻоԼһƬ飬·Լ嶼Լġ


230 ²
оеϤ
ӰҲصһ
֪ΪΣҵĵ׾ݺݵһļðһ仰
ãǾ롣
顣ĸסȻûж˵ʲô黰ȴһֱķңߡ
һҹδߡ
ʲôʱ˯ŵģѾֻ֪оԼǱ˺ݺݵһ飬۵ľ񿨳Ƶģ룬һһʹ
ݺһҧۣȴ֣澹ȻѾˡ
ټķȻֻʣһˣ
Ҳɲǣű˴򿪣һЦķ¥´ŵҶӹһôô
Է
𣬿ҿվӰĪЩ顣
ĪġӰصһ𣬻һʿˮӴ𣬿ҵֲһ̧ȴ۵һûУֱ̱˴ϡ
һЦǽһãֻоԼĸƨƵģҪԱи죬Ҷֱȥˣ
ɾʱ뾹ֱת¥˴Ϸ㶡
¥ݴٴδŲ뾹˵ҵĴͷȥš˰ˮˢϴ
ϴɲǣƺ뵽ʲô͵صɴ˫ۣͷԼ׸ɾ˯ֱˡǱͺĲõʱˡ
ɾȴһȻЦһ䣺ֲû

ֻоԼʱǱĲУڡ
ôô˵ģ²˴

ŲڵϵһɲǣֻоԼ˹ڴϳ˾ż֮⣬Ȼ˶û
ȴҲӦǾ밲ź˵ġ
ƾǰԵӣôں̵ģôܻ᲻ң
̤µأϴˣ¥ȥʾ⼸ʲôʱԶԶͿƾ¥
ãû̫󲨶ƾȴЦһҶͷԼػطˣ
ӲͷƤ¥ƾк󣬱¥ļƻ
Ǳ޺ģҿ϶Ҫ󣬻߿궤˹ײסĻǣпܿʬ壬̵ӡڣҲҪ
ԲߣΪԾĳƾˣ۾룬һԳĬļƾĵĲɿʱ򣬲ŻᲹһ䡣
˵˵ȥû˵ȻɾʱҵֻȴȻˡ
ֻƿɲǣҶʱȫĿע£ͳֻһִ绰ҵˣȻǹԳǣ
Ȼ
ûӦƾֱӿڳһ䡣
ҿ˾һۣҵͷŽ绰
Ǿͼҵˡ
ҿ֮ǰû˵Һ͹ԳǺ飬һԳǺ˵ʱȫ𾪲ѡ
ҶǡꡱһʹԳǣͼģ
ϡ
Գٴʮƽ·˵һ޹ؽҪ顣
ҡšû˵رõͼģȴ˵ЩʲôϾһ˵ԼõͼǱ¶ˣ
㲻ôҵġ
Գ̾˿
֪Ϊ仰ôرĸоһ۾룬û̫飬ſʲôʱͼң
ھſڡ
仰˵꣬Դһˡ
ԳǾȻھſڣ
һû仰зӦȴˣ͵ؾͳ壬ƺ͹Գ໯ⲻ˵ìܣ˵ĴųͣҾͼûƽ͵ĳ
æסùԳǵȵȣȥţƾ;뻹ܲܰѹԳǷŽ
Ļһ䣺㶼Ӧ˼ˣǣ
ˣ仰Ҳǰʣһ飬ǧ嶯ܳȥԳǿš
Գǽҵɲǣټɳϣ߸һˣҲɵۣƺ벻ƾȻҲڡ
ڿһԷŵǾߺľȴȻˡ
Ұ˰ѵԳȴһ˻֣˵˾䣺á
ȻһƨԣµɲǣֻоʮΣȻǼ϶ʮƽͣҾζ벻һ죬Ȼֳ淢
룬ƾԳĸˣƽ͡һ̸ۡ¡
˺ܾãܾã˭û˵ޱ飬ԳЦ⣬һˬƾһϷ
ҿһۣ̾˿ȿʹԳǣͼϣʲôʱң
䣬ұΪԳǻӼջߺ̸һЩû뵽ȴˬĴͳǾͼ
ͼѾĵľˡ
羫֮ǰвͬģȻһŮ»ԣĿͼƬ
ɺ֮ǰͼûмʱһͼеŮû٣ֱҽͼӹԳǵӹҧָԼѪͼ棬ͼųſһ󷢹⡣
ͼŮӵ٣Ҳ͹˳
ҳһģһҵȴ˻ŮӵĨ
Ҳ֪ǲǱƵ̫࣬Գô׵İͼңҵЩϰߣʹԳǣûʲôҪ᣿
һ޹ҡͷ˵ûаҪ֮ǰǺ˵һ
ԳǵĻ䣬˵Ŀ˲ۼҵϣ۵׵˼ʮԣң˽º͹Գ̸ʲô
ʿˮ˵ԳȴʱңңϢһϢһϢĸ
һʵϢʲôϢʲô


231 ķ
ʳԳȴףҾ䣺ϢͻϢĸ
룬Ϣʲô
Ϣǣ̵ʬ岻˴Ĺǹޡ
ĿڡҸо˵ҲʲôϢ
ǻϢأҽʡ
궤ʬ£˴Ҳ֪ȴװ֪
֪ΪΣһԳ⻰ĵ˲˴أ˴ӡʱϲ٣
ҵɫ΢䣬ȴԳֵ˾䣺ɫҲ̵ʬﶯֽء
⻰һҵĶԣɫ΢΢һ䣬תȴûʲôӦ۵ȴǸϷ
ʲôֽţ
ڣʹԳǣԳȴ˾䣺ô졣Ǿû𣿡
֪ΪʲôԺ͵ظֳ̹ײĸձͻ죬ҪϹײĸӵʱ컡ȵǸ桭
Գ˵ֽšòɣ
͵أҾͳǰһ˸Źײĵǿ鲼ɲɲǣһɹŨִȳζħܳˣ
̵ʬ壬Ҳɲǣ˫͵۾ħɫϢ֯Ѫ֮ڣĿʮ˵ʱʲôʻݣֻħˡ
Ҽ̱ȻǱŵĲᣬˣǷ˰ܵײıϡֻû˽ȥˡ
ƾʱǺģĽޱȵסŹԳǵ˾䣺֮ǰʬ屻˻ʱǾ͸ое֣ö궤̫ۣһʼûط롣֣Ǳɫ¹ˣˣ
һ¹ƣ֣ʱˣ
Ӧǹơ
ԳǵڣֻоԼһǻѪҺʱڵķ
˲ңҲˣң֣ٷңնݳ
ɾʱײȻһײıӶ͵ؽʾұżǰҲ֪˸ʲôӡ̵Ķͷһ㣬ϵʱȫɢ
˫͵۾ҲʱΧħȳζҲɢȥҼ״һ
Ҳ֪ƾ̵Ĺײﶯʲôֽţֻоƾæ˺һᣬӶ˸ī߽ײһȦ֮˺üƷڹײĵĸŽײİӸϡ
ϹײİӵʱƾܵȥŪ˼Ŵףײİķ϶ȷûһ˿һ룬˹ײĵĶˣ֡
֮Ǽɳϣ㿴ңҿ㣬˭û˵ܵ䣬ȥͼȡŴҵ棬ԳǸҵͼ֮ǰںһ֮ſڣʵ
ö궤ڵĹƶа취𣿡
Ļ£ȴû˽ӻ
ԳǾȻԴҵ˾֮󣬵ȹԳǵӰʧ˾ҿſôģ
ҡͷ˵Ҳ֪
֣ʧ֮ǰûʲôûκԤף
ȴҡͷ˵ʲô֪ü⣬Щʵ󣬾Ȼҵϡ
֪Ϊʲôÿһйҵ⣬ʮּɻƵģĬ
ȥûĳһȻ죬ѾݺݵĿ˼̵Ĺײģʾ룬ܷס죿
˵졣
תȥһߣƾҲŸǡ
ټĿʱֻʣҺ;ˣ㿴ңҿ㻥˺þãֱҹ˷䡣
;һռ䣬Ƿǳųġ
Ͼǰ췢ġ硱ĿҴʱž룬èƵģ޲ðȾܣƫƫаĲܰŸ
ھġ֮£ֵֹڴϣڻС
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뿪ңεҡͷ˵ûУЦ⣬ȴû˵
ȴоԼЦݶͷƤɵʿˮղʾ룺̵£аս𣿡
궤ȻƣɵĶа취ǹƶǧ֣ҵʬ屻µһֹƣ֢ҩĻҲûаա
Ļ䣬ĵס⡱һɫЩѿɾȴʱҵķҵǹƶӦǱ̵ʬģֻҪ궤һƣȻ̵ĻǴʬóûˡ
⻰ǵ˿ԭ
궤֣ôԽԽе죿
Īġ
ԺкȻֳаݣֻаĶ̫࣬һ¼ǲ嵽ûд궤ԣҲðаó̾˿˱ۣҪ˯
ɾұ۵ɲǣȴһѹҵϣһЦҾ䡣
û⼸ʲô
ұľٶЩŵͷƤ΢΢١ʲô
û˵ȴһЦ
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Ϊ²Ծ롰ʱķŹңɿģòǻɣ
ұŵòᣬɫ׵ɾȴʱꡱһЦ£ұڻС
װĵ׶Щʲô
⻰һҶʱЩһ䣺װĵ׶Щʲô
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֣µңѿڶһ֡
ͻĸףֱŵˣʿˮɵɵĶԾЦЦ
ȴʱɷ羰һһ䣺ڻЩʲô𣿡
ɫһһʱؿڣת˸ѾһԣȴֱӰ§뻳С
ǲͦõģ
ЦӯӯĿڡ


232 αװ
ұЦŵͷƤ˲䷢ʿˮӲĵ˵ͷáͦõġ
š
뵭һšȴ
ҽŵĿž룬ȴ³һ䣺ôáҪҪʲô£
һ⻰ɫ˲һףʲô£һĻٴγǰŵˡ
ȴʱҵͷˣ˯ɡ
һô׷ŹңʱЩ˼顣մȴңѵʲô
æۣ˵
ϴżĨЦҼۣһѽӵ뻳С
ڶһ磬𴲵ʱѾߣæӴ𣬽Ǳа˳аϷ˺þãҵд궤ҳ
궤˼壬֮ãһ壬ûи֪壬ʹ̣壬򵶸ǣĶ壬У嶤壬壬ǣ߶壬ꡣ
˵ö궤ÿһöвһĸ֪ΣԼе˲Ų뼸öӣ۵Ļɢ
аϣдһ䣬궤ʧ֮꣬ҲʧҪ궤޽⣡
һ޽֣Ĳ鶼˺ˣ
Ҫ궤޽Ļҵô죿
ݺݵı˱ۣҸ¥ȴƾˣѾ˾¥£ɳϣҲ֪˵ЩʲôķҲû¥ƾȴʱסңȥ
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ҶʱЩ죬û뵽ƾȻ˵ͷ˵УһţƾȴȥǶù
Ǹȴ˾䣺֪ˡ
¶ĵ˵ͷϾǷҲһ仰£ȥãȴһֱڸʹɫ
ҵĶһԭأ˼ȥ벻ͨʹɫ
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εЦЦɫӸףһ۾룬ڿֽ̾˿¥ȥûµǷš
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ҶʱЩ죬˼֪ԿףŵĴˣ
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Ҳƾ;룬ܸоôԵ޹ʵĸҷһţҽŲȿˣʲôС
¥װһɷףƾ˵ź񡭡Ūˡ
ƾһɫ˲ЩѿȴûжɣңǷдʲô㻹ǵ𣿡
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ƾһ벻ֻգž궤顣
һ磬˵ַһȥ͹̸Уһðղ֣ԲӣһǼҿ궤ûʲôƽİ취
ַͻ˴Ե֣ûʲôƽİ취ҪûУȥ͹̸УҪ̸ʧˣǾͳԼֲӡ
ԼֲӣΪëߵģҲ뿴ģֻڰҵƽİ취
ǣǵʱޣƾǰס̹餵İ취ֻܷס죬Ҫһûа취⿪ֻǿвˡ
ϾǿвӻһϣҪǲǿвӣ̵ʬѾ˺ɣֱ˹ƣ궤ĻǷʬ˭֪ܳΪʲô
ԼĪ˰ƾȥʱȴǰǳһ䣺̸µŪˣ
˵⻰ʱ˿ұʵĶʱЩ飬ȴӲͷƤ˵ͷ˵ǰȻֿҵűҶ
˵⻰ʱǺðյģϾƾҪ֣Ҿ¶ˡ
ڶģڶƾҵΡ
䣬ƾĿҺü룬źһоȴΨ
ƾߺҲ˱ٱǰĵĶҺ;˵˾ллллĿ˵ʱʮֵĽӲ
ӲҶԣŵһ㶡
ԭˣҲ˵лл
˺üСʱȴûл֮ǰţŪһϰµرϾҿΪһ˻ѣƭƾģ
֪Ϊʲôܸоǲƽ޹ʸҷһţܸоҷŵʱҲڶġ
ڶҿ˶֮󣬲ȥ
ĸĶˣر棬ΪʲôҪ
ȵϰ˵࣬ûиһضţҲ̲סָһţ
ΪʲôŲܸƾ
ʮӡ
ûңҲ֪ĸˣͻƵģһʧ٣ʵ֪İɣΪʲôҪװ֪
ŸշȥȻ𣬰ŵģֻ˵ϡ
ôоƾ뿪֮󣬱ëëģ
һ죬֪ΪתůԼ鱻ŵģĻ˾䣺С𣿡
ͷɾھͷɲǣҵֻȻ𣬴Һ;֮Ľ̸
Һ뿴ֺֻ¾ģֻýֻɳϣʮĿŵӣ˼ƮĲ֪ȥ
ֱĿ⽥ƫ룬Сóֻ㿴һصĶš
ԽԽˡ
ŵɲǣֻоԼԴһˣ


233 
ǳҸղǾ仰
͵أϻһ䣺ұŸƾ
ȴһţң㻹ǵǷдĻ𣿡
ҽŸտ꣬Ժ˲両ֳеǾ䡣
֮߾ԼΪӡ
ԣʧ֪ģȴװһֱ֪ǰôϷ
ҵһûжȴʱҷһǲ֪࣬Ҫͳһ棬󻹷һַҡ
˵ģҹȥǲ̫£Ϊһ֡ʲôҪͱƵĸо
ҵĵǣôȥˡʲôں;˵
ֱӺ;˵ҳȥѡס룿
һ㿪ڵɲǣָҷһҲҪþ֪
һ˸ɣ;˵ҳȥһˣûӦ۵׵ɺȴǹҵǰ
ҳŵʱ򣬶оĿһֱβԺ
Ҳž룬ҲҲƾǣҺȻһֵУǷŻ顣ñ֪
ǰصشһƷԼҵĵطȴҡ
С庰ʮʮ꣬ǰ˵ûסңҲûùһǮһֱԼסԼԼԴӳԺȴסһʱ䡣
ʱҳѾȥˣΥȴʮϤСңһĪĸпӿͷ
С壬Ŷ˿ɳϣҵҵЦЦ˵ϢʮƽͣȻһ֣֮ǰǸĪСֻ˵ӡ

ڣҲĳȥǰ£ĵûдǿʮֻ谵һֵѹȸС
Ǳͽŵģĸӽˡ
ڣʱңҲǰ³çѵˣĵ׽ŵĲУϣȴ൱
Һ˵Ķ˺ܾã˭û˵գ۶ûУ·ʱ䶨һɲƵģҲ֪˶ã¶Ц⣬ҵǰһˡ
ҵġšû˵ǽŵҲķֵ˾䣺ԽԽˡ
ұǻգ𣿡
ЦŻشõҵĻشȴ͵һ㶣Դ˵˾䣺Ȼһ˵ô䣬Ķȴǲı䡣
ҼװûɹǵЦ⡣
ûĿģǴ촰˵ң벻֪Ϊʲô벻֪ΪʲôɫʱһĨлϣٰɻգôͶ˵ƭ֣ϵ
һ⻰û̻شǶϿ˺þãϿȴʲôûп
ʱҾǸΪ˺˳ᢣļƣҷǳֺõ飬Լõ顣
֣֮ȴֺǰĸо̫Զ
Դҽ˻Ĺͼʦ֮ҲûС֮ҵӡƫ³çƫִȽԲ֮⣬
ӣôĸо
ûлش֮ǰʵ⣬Ƿ֮߾ԼΪʲô˼
ЦЦû˵һңңûң
ҺԥĴһ֣С
תһ룬ȻңÿһҶûŪǶұǿˣ
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˵֮ǰôľ֣ԼΪңҿ
ƤЦⲻЦĿڣеļʮŨȴǵһЦûлӦ
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ô꣬ǲĶҵģҲɵӣȻҲǼ٣ܱɫԲԣ㲻Ҳ𣿡
ҵĻ䣬ġšûΪԼ⣬ңǲǻָ˷ʱڵļ䣿
ûзϣϾļûʲôڲصġ
ûϣңǲǵãڲһСǸӱ͵Ǯ޴ر
۵͵һ㶣ɺĿһһЩЦɱңǸ㰡
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һôնĴ𸴣ɫ̫ÿȴǿ벻˵һ¡
˵һʲôڲѾõ飬Ҫˡ
ûмŻشʱ֮ǰӦ˲ٻѣҲװ˲ɣȸңΪʲôҪٸңΪʲôװôãһҪĿǣ
ЩҪ𣿡ңҵͷû˵ȴ˾䣺ҪҪҪ֪Ұ˵꣬Ͷˡ
û˵һϴģȴʱ˻䡣
˵иӵܵĺӣΪеĹĶǣıƣԴС㱻ĸͳ壬⡣
ĸΪ˱ȴҲΪԼʵгһջԼһС
һӣСͱ⣬ʲôԼʵ


234 
ӾһֱŵеʱԲ
֪ΪʲôԽ˵ԽǷǰڲݵһ͹Գʱµӡ
ʿˮҴĻǺӡǽеɣ
û˵ЦЦ۵׵ɫٲȻѾĬϡ
˵䣬˶꣬õʱǺӱ˼֮ǰĸ߰˸Ĳ֪ʱôġ
ɾǺʮʱĸװߵ˷졣Ǳ͹ƶĸӼˣȥݴΪ˸׬ȡҽҩѣ˵һ
˵⣬ԳЦЦ˾䣺Ҫǵʱ£ǺĲ֪Լô졣
ҼµǸʮֵСҲ˾ȴңһԲůĺӣӪϣͷܴ
ΪʲôļǸ˼̶ҲĿʵ
ȴңǸһ㶼Ǹ˼ңһҪ᲻˵Ļɣ
һжȻˣҲԿ϶ǷµǸˡ
ǸӣֻڷļгôССһΣûֹ
˵Դӱ֮ûãȥˣԴȥģҪгһػ壬һҪԼһУվǷߣ֪ǸҪĺˡ
ɾʱ뾹Ȼȫ˳ҵ뷽跨İκصκһ壬ҡ
ȫ壬һôػ壬ֺõ£ɾƫƫǲ˵ǰ̺е·ֱӳױڣʲô𣿡
Ǻ룬ԺкȻֳһӰǵʱڲݾķ죬ɷеܣôܺͱ˵
ӰĵԾ˵ܵõеһ֮£֮ϣЩˣۡ
֮;Э飬ᵽ֮λҪгһգѣЭ
Эʱ򣬲Ժ˵ݣѵݣҵʱľ룬Ƿǳмġ
ǸСͳĸףûԹޣʮ־ĸףµʱĸױȨɱΣΪ˹ԼҲ֪ĸװֻǸȨưˡ
֮ӣκˮȨ⣬ɳֻڴгһվڵվǸ˵ߡ
ķ죬;룬Գǽݵ飬Ҳ֪ģ͸͵͵ȥ顣
ʱĺܿ죬һһȥڵȵᵽ֮λӴһ̳˵ʱҲκεǻ
Ҳʱĺ͹ԳʶǺ͹ԳǳΪˡ֪˳̸ֵԳǻԼøĸ
Ϊı仯ʱ˭뵽Ǹⱻ˱޴ĺӣǽյ
ԳȻҲ֪޷ǷӣǸϵһ
۹ԳǶøһǾصκҲǾϵ۷壬ﵽͳ׵׵ĳΪ˾ˡ
ҲԳǺ;ĹϵʵûбϵôãϾо仰˵ĺô
һɽݲ˶һˡ
οҵ֮ײһ𣬸޲
еȴڶУԳ˼ʮֳȣɾȻҲˡ
ȴȹԳǶ˼ͺݾҾ˵۹ʮֶµİӣǱ鲼ȫ¡
ԽӱԽ֣ԳǺ˵ݣʮۺ񣬵ıȴٳûй¶Ǿ룬Գ˲ȥ飬鲻һȻ
ӣʱķҲûеݡ
ֱʦƾ˾͹Գǣʼı׳ĴƣŽע˳֮ϣҲ֪ǲΪĨӰԺƮ̫꣬ڿչֳʱ򣬾ʮֵϤ
ô룬ȴ벻
ңʱԺֻһͷǾԼǿһ㣬ֲǿһ㣬ԼгһգվǸ˵ԣȻͰ¸Ժ
ֱ࣬κأ׳ʳǰΧֹѳɲǣӻʳһԾµӰȻԼҹεľϵһ
˭뵽ĨӰĨ©˻ҪյӰȻŮȻһ
ѹ־룬Գε鶼鲻ʵݣҲѹվӽӵԣͻ
ʱӺúޣúԼΪʲôڼ̳֮ȥͷϣǰ˵һлл
ΪʲôԼʱһҪãֻʵǿˣվԣ
Щɡ
һжˣԾ»ʳѳ˻ʳǽ£ֹ졣
ƽϢս֮ʵ۾յһţ˳ֹţѰ죬ӳе뷨
֮ӣʮǷϣ˵Ƿ˺ܳܳһʱ䣬һʱ䣬ԼԼ֮⣬
ǴʲôʱģҲˣȴʮңԼʱûв֡


235 
ڱҲȥ
Ĳ֮ǰĴټϷ쾹ȻŮĳδЩ̫󡣷·Ϊϡһף֣ԽԽԽԽ̣ڲԼķâ
ʲôʱʼƾ͹ԳǵģҲˣֻ֪˺ˡܺù
ʼ뱨ϢʼԳ͸¶ڲκǸһЩʵʼڱﲼ֣ڰʱʱѲ
ҲһҪǸˣվǰǻʲôӣ
ȴҲ룬ֻܷͺãѾȥˣôܻḴοʬڶûҵ
ɼеĨ衣λںڰ֮УůŮˡ
ӾһһĹţ͹Գ˵ĹϵҲԽԽΣֵԽԽһ紵ݶŪĸǷ꣬ĵ
ڱЩŪЩֽȴʮΡֵĲ㶼Ҫˣȴû˻ɵϡ
ԳǺţԼøˣ¹ϵôõˣȻᱳ
ûɵϣȻоԼɣϾǴͷ벻ԼȻΪԼˣ졣
Ͼ¾ԼҲں޵ĲУ˽º˵һۼʱŮװװȴһĸо
ȵͷݣԼǶ䣬ϲ˷죬Լ£Լĸ飬޵Զ죬Σ⿪ֻһµסˡ
£Լݵ̫·ǱңҪгһΪˣô죿
벻벻쾹ȻŮһǳֹ벻һֱԸͷΪˣԼȴĹļң
ÿǰ˵Щʮּ𣿰˱ˣ֪ڣ
ȴصرãῪ룬;ͬİַվھͬһǶȿ顣
˵Ǹκġ
ص̫̫ˣΪ챨£ֻĵһ£ĵĨ¹⣬޷ۣҲ޷⡣
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ҲΪ׽͸ԳǵʲôҲٳٲҰ㴰ֽͱƣϾҪǹԳǰǷ죬һ֪Լ˷죬϶ھΣ;볹׵׵ľѡ
ԳǰĲǷ죬ֻǰѷ쵱ֵͨܣôľ֣ðôķգҪǱˣǵòʧ
һֱţ˺þãþãֱŮһҹ֮𣬽ȷѪ꣬´ֵĳŻʼת
Ůųأܣһ䣬ŮһֵǧһԿ¡
һǳȫµĲΪ䡰ŮһֵǧһԿ¡ＯǧȥŮԡ
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Խ߲ļȴǱ
ϾĸҵĻʵۻһôԶ۹ŽɱεġŮ
뿪ʼŮʵݣȫһӻңеֱӱŮǵƤʣһʱǽŵȫ˸Եء
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ԣʱĹ磬ǿ൱֣ǸĹĹ֮ϣҪһŮʵò
磬ȻȥȥԭȴΪԳǺ;˵ڤڤУһָоŮĹǲʶ
ܸоŮ̫ϤϤĹѣǰأǰŵǰ񣬶ǰ˵ۣ·ֻĬĬ
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˵ĵ׶ʼ²⣬Ϣòų˵ģֻߣŮＴʲôȷŵɣ
ֱ缴ɢȥһ̡
УȻ˼׺ǵĺ컨컨޵ľ˶ҩһʮ


236 ϣ
һ컨£ȴֺŵ
ֱ컨֮еĵȫ˸飬һŻճ̧֣Ů澶ʮӳֵɲǣһ˵Ļꡣ
ⶥӻǰ̧ŮŹλԽԽԽԽ
ҵһģҲԽԽߣرǿŮ½Ǵŵޱ޵ڣнϣǵ̵ڻ·Ҹ𾪣ڴ
ڻŮŮ֮⡣ղڶŪộţƵˡ
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ˣҧгݵ˾䡰ƾ
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ɾʱٴαһ˫˰׵һǷӴӽ߳
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ȴƬҫ۵𺳡ٶϣһɫĹΣ˫΢䣬ɫ꣬΢ЦĻȡ
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߳ɲǣŽеĹݷһԵŮУ⻺ĶпԿӶݼΪ
ӳ֣׽žչ¶еɲǣ֮ϣһµ·һ
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ѹ֮ǰлôǿҵļ¶ôǿĸй١
ԭһȫΪ˷Ĺ̵档
ĻˣĳˣеһһУξ㣬̫ʵ
ѾѳΪʲôôߵֲķʽ֣
·һ壬ĵطͲкڰ⣬ʱء
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ȥá
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ڵκһӣǾصеһУʲôһڽ
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Ļ׹ݣ͢Ҫȴȫر𼤶˭
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Ϊʲôջ᳤úǰһģһ
ȫŮӲγһ־ƣҽ֮˸ҽӻ
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صһҫۣһһմϣҲ䲻޷
ҿžȥӰװȴǰ͹Ӣǰĺÿ
˾֮⣬ȴһˡ
ҺϸĹ۲һһĸɫ飬Ծһˣ۵ȴûԹޡ
һ˿ϸ΢ĲûС
Ҳ֪ص̫ˣĶھ룬õ𣬷ŵ£ֻߣЩ
Һ뿴͸뽫ʵĿףҺ˺ϵαװǷһߡ
ֱѳһ䣬ûлܲ뼮
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ˣʳǴԭ˾룿
Ҿ̺ȴ̵̣бӶģʮַ̡
ɵҿվڽԵƾȴȻȻˡ
ƾڲصĺܺãװһʲô⣬Ƶģ
Ҳû֮ǰ׳־֮ǰӿޱȵĳޣŵȴҾúòʵ
У˵һֵʱҶܴƾпһ㱡
ֻҿ̫ˡ
ҵУҲ
һ̣ұ֪ҼٰŬٶ࣬Ҳ޷վԣվһԸݳޡ
Χˣ;ĿĽԳǵУҲĳɡ
ɴӹԳǲϷӰУһܹ
ԳǣǷʲôɣ
ھ˵áֵɲǣҴУ˼ϲ׶ž˵
ҽ˼ǣԸԹա


237 ս
⻰һĸλȫˣ
⻰ôôǺ;ףӶôôЩ졣
⻰·Լʱ
Ϊʲô
Ӧú޾ǰ
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˿˿ʺ죬ӹԳǵյϽ̼侹ڹԳǵУΪƬ
ǺǡЦתֱ뿪ϯλ
ԳһߣӵȻֻĸȥ
ϷһУڶԺ󣬻˽ֵ
ȴ벻ⳡ֮󣬾˶֮
˵һˣȴΪǻӣɢ
Ϊ˾̤ѪΪ˾봴ˡŮ
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ѾǵڼۿıݣԽĽ˱ԽԽ࣬ൽ棬ղѾ˵
ڵ˺棬˾ԼԺգҪǿȢǿ
Ҽ״ĺ޲ֱȥɱˣ
ҵȴңС棬Խ
ȻһС棬Ľˣһʮ嵭Ѫȵķʽ
ֻһеңֱӽǰǰµӸѪĭ
Χһ׷𾪵סȴʱݺ
˭ǰһԣ
ᣬܵ˵һ޹ؽҪ顣
˵֮ǰ˾ûֻһϷӣôڣѾ˸Ϸӵˡ
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Ҳһӣȴҿеĵλ衣
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ˡ
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صԺ󣬵ȨԺΪ𣬱һȥĶ
ȴ˭ҪҰ𰡡
ôǿôҫۣҪʲôԼòʲôԼ
߸һңֻʱ⡣
Ҳһ仰顣
ֻ˹עҷɵĸ߲ߣȴûʹһ۲ۣޱȾصĸףȴҲδʹ
˵ҪʲôҪæģ
ңԸԸѣ
ңʱңҸеˡ
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ȴˣұ¶ˣǰ;ǰ鱩¶ˡ
ǰԳ˭Цһ̸ֻЦɱΣɱǰ¶ܺ˵ѵһˣôܻᱻ
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ֻһ٣һȻڵжԵλãһˣǰǧһЦ
ʲô˼֪֪Լֱ֤ʵҵĲ룬ôҳ֪Ů


238 
ȴˣͻվڶλá
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ӭȢգʮﳤһأһ·
ģһμӭȢ
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ڻճʱ򣬱ɫҲ漴˲֪Ƿţǵȴǳס
ɫ͹޻˳ۣȴѡʱ

ȴֻڱ󾲾ĿһУȴŻҪõա
м䷢̫࣬ûкϸ˵Ǹңڻ֮ǰļ죬صؽӼĸס
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ȻǵãĻ˵ڣȴ
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һȻǱŵĲᣬȻһֱ֪Ůܹ죬ұɫͻն̫ˣôһʣȴû⵱ЦʻգҪʲô
˵һܽԼȴҪǧĳһ죬ȥɽѪҽﱧһӣˡ
һ˵⻰ʱŵĲᣬʻǲǳʲô飿
ǧ󡪡
ôңԶ
ôʵʣ
ȴЦˣЦŸˣ
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ϵıʣȴû˵ԭ򣬶Ǹһţ˵һС
һģȻ˻տҪˣ
ȴԼķʲʲô̸ȴĸףҲ֣ƵĶС
ṵ̂ͼǳԼǰȨɱ˫жôҲ֪˻һֱڱĸӶˣʻգû԰æģ
˵Уֽ
ֽϵĶ֣ƶЩİɻȴǣŶݼԤľֽ֣֮͸Ȼȥ
֣֮ܶף֮ǰѾ˸֣֪˽Ҳˣ֣ƻǡ
ԣһС
ǣΪ±Ѿ·
ڶ죬ºȻջգΣħת֮ҥԣҪɱգ˵еͼħҪûյѪͼͼ÷֮Ļ
һȻǱĲУɢЩҥԣȴյһš
ǻոġ
ǲǵ֮ǰƣΪⶾ
ǵãɢЩۣͷþɱգ
һţŵֶڷ
⵽ô£˭
ûҹգΪʲôҪҲûȥʹ룬ɱɱգҪôƽϢⳡҥԡ
ɾȴóһͻռĸǰƵš
վȻһַʽ
󣬻ձ˼̳ҥ˵ͼ
ַŸѪֱһѪҺɲ
Ⱥеǰ濴һУЩԵɿߣԣֻĿţѹ¶
úݣԼȻܵҪԼϲˣԼǰ
ȴ¹ļ죬յ˻ոǷš


239 
Ѿ˺ü죬Ƕûˡ
ôϢ͵УҲ֪顣
ֻ֪еĵײһΪа飬մµĲ֡ҲдС
֣¶ŵʮ׵
δ֣õ֮аϵݣȴҪŶݼס
һ⣬ֱӴĻΪʲô
ΪʲôղŶݼװ
ȴңյô˵ģÿˡǻԿ
Ҳÿ˿ӹǴ
ջУʹͼķ
һˣֱɵԭء
Ҷ벻£Ȼǰµľ֡
еһУȻԼԼһƵô޷죬ݵԼ޷԰Σ
ǰЩΪʲô
ΪʲôһҪȵһǧŴ壿
ʿˮҽ˹£̻֮⣬б֪𣿡
һңҺ˵֮ǰܲµĳ𣿡
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Լôܻб˿ĳ
Ҫû´Ļ֮Դ֮ǰôҲǻգֻͶ̥ʱһĨյĲܴһֶųһЩɣ
ټϡ֮ǰɫϷһĨǣôҪңأôϣҲ˻Ĺ֤ɽ뻳ɶѡ
ɲ֪Ϊʲôǰ˵һ֮󣬳е֮⣬Щ¡
ɺ´ӺζԼ˵壬ֻΪ̾
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룬ȴҡҡͷ˵ôô
ҲġһȴЦˡ
Цǽһ貣
ʱҵĳɹˣȴʧˣԼòΪۣΪһַʽǧڹ޺ʱʵѾ޽ˡ
⻰һ䣬˲Ȼ˲٣Ҳѹҵļʮûʲôԭ
ֽŵʬ䣬߸궤Ūġ
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Īģÿ¡
ЩţȴЦŶҵ˾䣺°ֲǺˮܳˡ
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˭û˵϶ӣӵ̲סˣֱΪʲô
⻰ʱҪܴϾܸһЩаҡڲرװܸӡ
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ܰգܴмܵóҲܴ֮ǰΪпĳ
ϾһϷݵ棬û¶ҲǼٵġ
ȴ벻ΪʲôҪ
ģ˵³ľ̫ˣӰѻ
ɺĿܾãһ䣺̿裡ôģ
ôΪ𣿡
ң۵׵ɫܵĸ˿κĲ
ôװ
Ҵδй˸ооĸĪ⣬ĥ
ȴҲˡ
ˣĲֻ棬رǱеˣһ˾һһװԲҾܱƵ޷֮ء
Ļ䣬û˵ֻûĵšһ
ΧĿԽԽͣһļƤҲԽԽֲ࣬ˣֱĳ嶯
ȴӲĸסˣ
ãҰʬɺɺҰʬɺɣһַʽܲТ𣿡
ɫһ䣬ʮĿҡ
û˵ֻǵĻӦ
ȻЦˣЦǰԳּ·ǶһڱƵġ
ܸоܿ£ԽӴԽ¡
ƾȻϱ𣬿ȴԼĵǸһ棬Ҳ𽥴Ӻڰ߳
ҿȴһԽԽΪʱƣ̬ĵز
˵Խ࣬Խ£Ͼо仰˵ĺ֪̫࣬Ҳã
֪ôܷ࣬Ź
֮ǰ˵Щ֮ǰѾһӣڵ
һ뵽ͷƤ˲һ𣬿Ҿӣȴ˪ͫ׶ĻëӲһ档
㣬ҲТ𣿡
ĿңṴʮ٬縺ħֲ
εҡҡͷ˵ûС
ȴݺݵĺһ䣺ѣ
ұͻĶŵòᣬŵҡҡͷ˵ûУϢŽ
ң궤̵ĻǸŪĻɢ
Сµĵ˵ͷû˵ȴǵң£
֪Լȥ񾭲ʿˮҪתҸ뿪ȥȴһ취Ҳ벻
ңһԼرʵ⣺Ȼ̵궤µģǹԳΪʲô˵ǹޣϵĹô£
߸޺ǹƵ𣿡
һ䣬еıʮȻ
ҴŹ˵ûУֻǵ̵İοľֶ˼֡
ԽӴԽ죬Խǲе㾫ѣ˶񾭲ˡ
ԽԽãΣա
ҵĻ䣬Ȼߵҵǰ


240 ʧ٣
ұٶŵȽһɳˤȴһѷסңҵļϡ
֪ᷢʲô𣿡
ұ⶯бŵɫףҡҡͷ˫·ʧѪɫ
ţ
һħƵġͷ
ֻоˮԽԽǡԽԽңֵˣҲԽԽࡣ
ƫǰƣ
ҺȻܺ£ѹʦңҲҪߵκһˣʵңߵҪҡңǰµľ֡ǰԼߵˣпΪʱƷ˸ı䣬
ڵһӣж飬ѵĻƵģ൱¡
ȴȻȸУҪû´ĻӦǾ忪ʼ̡
Ǿܵҵĺ£Ҫ
û̫࣬һ͵ƿҼϵ֡
㵽ˣ
˫üһҿȴšһǷ˰ɡ
ҸоѹõĻɽȻƵģԼҲƲԼ
ɾʱȻȻȥĩ˻һ䣬ұ̫ġ̲µġ
ҵ⻰һֱҶصſˣȴȻȻûڣ
Ҫ˵ô࣬Ӧûұ˵ȥ
֪Ҳ˵ȥ˵˵ȥ
˾ſڣҸԿ׿ţȴ͵ط֣ᱻһȻԼˣ
ֱӱԭأһ͵سȴŵ˿ŵһɹѪȵζˡһƬǽĿ
⵽ôˣ
Ҳ뿪ĸСʱļô˸̵Ĺ餾Ȼˡ
˵Ǳ򿪣˵Ǳһ˷ĩ̵ʬ壬Ҳˡ
ܱȫңȻӰӶû
һͳֻ绰ĺȴѾػˣ
Ҹƾ绰ƾֻҲػˡ
ֻоԼ˹ˣ⵽ô£
ɵָ˺õ绰ʲôĵ绰ȴҲͨ
һҰֻϵⷭ˺ü飬ҵָͣ˹Գǵϡ
˭ϵϣҸԳǴ绰ӦûӰɣ
Կ̬ҸԳǴ˸绰绰ܿ㱻ͨˣʮ࣬ԳǹѾ˯ˣżɳƣʮֺһҴҹ绰лżֵ٩
ǲǾ벻Ҫˣҹȱ
һ⻰ֻоԼ˹ȫһ飬ŵԵɡ
һ̵ʬ岻ˣʱҲǲ첻ѣԭصǧҶϹ
ҵġšһû˵һͨͨͣΧĿ磬ӵѪ֮ĴǻζĵĲ˳
ȵԳǵ˾ſڵʱҵɫѾѪȵζѬò԰ײѡ
һæӾ˳ȥ˹ԳǵĳӣңҪҪֿ
Ļ䣬硣
ôǻ
˵ʱǿ죬æӱֻʳٵʱĸ֧ܣ󽫵̡̡šǡȫȥ
ҲĵһǼס
һ˵ݡΪţˡΪţšΪк͡
Ҳţ̫Σա
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ǼɫЩѿԳǲĻͷһ䡣ôˣϿʲô
εҡҡͷ˵ûʲôȴ˰ء
ôƽͣﲨ£Ҳǵһһֵľ౻ڲصôδЩ
ʿˮʹԳǣ̵ʬʧˣǼʧˣǻᷢʲô£
˭ϣԳ¶ĵ˾ô֪˳ӣȴֻûҪȥ
ҹģйŮ˴һδЩ̫Ӧ뺰ͣȴѵء
Ȼ֪ǲµʲô顣
;˸绰Ҳ֪˭ģ绰֮󣬹ԳǵϢӳֱҺԶŵĻͷһۣʵ㻹ǵã֮ǰ˵ϵĶǹ޶ֽ𣿡
ҵͷ˵ǵá
Գǵɫ䲻ÿ̾˿ҵڿпܲˡ
ҡһʵǻ˭
ɲ룬Գȴʱ˱죬û˵˺þãŸңǰľе⡣
һʱŭ˾䣺Ҫ
Գһ˫΢΢һң
ּ˾䣺ǲ֪ʲô
һ˵ڣŷԼʧ̬æԼ죬εЦЦʲôֻ裬绰ͨǲ̫ˣ
ԳǵġšһȻǲµʲôȴûңǵ˾䣺еء
ҡǺǡЦЦ󱳷ĲУٰĿתʱȴ·ԽԽˣ֣Գ¿ȥĸо
ֱӳʻһ·ƶûеĵطԳǵĳŷĿǰ·в˾䣺ǲڱжʲôֽţ
ҪǾңܰ˵˵ɹԳǺҲĹϵĿܺ˵ࣿ
æЦЦ˵ûС
ɫĲУԷֱ١
ɻѾ˵ˣԳĿΪҵɣ
տ˵˾䣺ҪвֵĻ͡


241 թ
ȴ죬һ仰˵һҵθڣ
ʹԳǣô˵ˣ
ȴһթĿҵ㶼û˵ʵΪʲôҪ˵ʵ
һ⻰ǽһֻڶ
ԳˣС˼һһײظأ
ֱӿڣͣȴ˵СΪʲô
һ䣬˰֢
Ӵιһ⻰ֻоԼЦ˰֢͹Գǣ˭ţ
Ǿ仰ǵҵθڣҺݺݵ˳˼ŷʲô
Цţ֡

ֻоԼһѪӲؿڡ²
ҲⲻҪ˵⻰ݺݵһۡûڿں͹Գ˵ȴżĲУ
Խ룬ԽоԳǲ֪ЩʲôңԳǿôãûڵĵص㣬һָоôǹڴҶȦӰɣ
Һ͹Գ˭û˵ǶƵģʮΣֱԼ챻ˣԳŵңż𣿡
Һݺݵġޡһû˵ȴʮ˴һ飡
żż
ԳⲻҪģȻƤЦ
˿̵żӣֱǲûżѵ鶼˸飡
ǲǺ˵ʲô
ٴοڣҺǺЦĿת⣬ȴٴøղŵθǾ仰ҡ
֪֪ҪвµĻʲô
ʲôʵ۵׵Ĳͷ൱ԡ
ȴЦӯӯһ䣺˵ٺ˵
һˣ˼˵⻰ʿ㲻
ֱѿڶһԳǶȴôƵģ˵ͷ˾䣺֪ңΪյҲ˺ܴ󲿷ְɣ
ҡšû˵Գȴ˾䣺ԵʱҶ֣˺˻գôͶ̥ңɵڣȴȻˡ
һԳ⻰ʱ˲٣ŵĶ©κһϸ΢ı顣
ѵԳǷʲô
Գǵ˵仰üͷܽ·˳˼
ܾãõͼ
һ⻰ȴҲ̲סƸЦ
Գôǰզûְ
ҲЦ̫ֻұڸеЦɫװʮ;һޡ
˵ˣ㻹ң𣿡󣬹Գǻͷһۡ
û˵ʲôҲ֪ʲôܺ˵ʲôҡȻĻһԳЦû˵
ӻʻ˺ҹ֮УȴһӴӴɽͷͣ
³
ͣɲǣԳǵ𣬻û³ֱӴӳȥ˸ȦҰѳŴ򿪣ĵ˾䣺һͦΣյģǵøҡ
һ⻰ʱŵĲᣬΣգ
ҽĿתܣ˿谵һУɫôڣҪһʲôӣǲŽΣա
Գûֵ磬ǿָ˸أǰ棬󻺻
Χ˿ʲôΧԵЩ֮⣬Ҳûܵħ
˼ЩĵҪͷʹԳǣȴݺݵסҵԴ
ϻһͷ
Ļ䣬ĵ׿һʿˮĳǰȥ
̣;𣿡
ġš˾Ųʮ
ŻһԼΪʲôʱϹԳǣңڱͱһԼ֪
ԼĪһᣬǰڳһڶɫֻϡĿڶ⣬һЩӲ֮⣬
ڶӣӦȻγɵģ˹ġ
Ҳ֪ԳǴʲôҲ֪̺;ôôʱһھһ֮
ԽߣĿԽԽڣҲԽԽЩ£ɵûķ˽Ųͣ˹Գǵԣһֻ֣ϡ
ܲ˵£ʲô
ڰУԳƺЦˣЦȴƤЦⲻЦĻһ֡
ħ
֪ǲ֪ʲôҺȻ˲٣ֱ͹ԳߵһѾ˴򿪵Ĵ֮⣬ͣ˽Ųٴһԡ
ԣȴǺ֮ǰǰµļף㣬̵ļס
ĺܿ죬ҿļţǬϵɲǣȴ˰ء
ǬΪ
޷ͻơ
˼̽ڵп޷ͻƣϵĹƶ궤ڶʱڶԱ
ϵţ˿ȣף
˼ǣ̲޷ͻĿǰĽпܣִ֮ףΪţϸף
ԳǵһԿҽеľãſңʲôѽ
û˵һۣһ߽ǰȱ򿪵Ĵš
߽ŵһɲǣһɹĺұ˲˸ʿˮСĽҵöӿڴ˳
лůڶʱʱůҵġ
˵һʲôˣ
ź·ܳͷҲ޷⵽ˣ׷ʲôɵãҿ˾Գǡ
ɹԳȴΪ˵֣թ
û뵽ڹԳеӡȻô
ʹԳǣһʲôˣ
Ц滢
Ļ֣һĻͷô˵Լ
ȴңѵҵ𣿡
䣬ԺȻһŲŲŵģȻ˵


242 
Ķʱһͷһ۹ԳǣȴĿҲ̫ÿ͵ؽϵĽϸϸΧĶ
ֵǣŲ˵ͬʱ𡣿ΧȴӰûУ
ãԳҡػ˴·
֣ǽɽĸɣȴرȻγɵģôɭħֺĹѨ֮ڣɵϸϸһȴֲַ֣ĹѨΪЩϢڣȻȱĹѨе
뵽ҶʱЩţѯʹԳǣﵽʲôط
ɹԳȴЦӯӯĵ˸ҡû˵
һû񣬱СĿ˾䣺ò˴ǵϳɣ
䣬Գǵĵͷҵɫ˲Щ԰ס
Գȴң谵ĵصߣֱߵ·ľͷǰųһʮֻ谵ּžĴ
޴͸¶ħɴȴһˣ룬ǹһҡ
ϣֻд֡
ħ
֡ǡǡ֤ǰĲ룬ǰ·֮⣬˷һ·ÿȥİĿͷ
Ҹ֪ģҲ֪һ
ɵãҽĿתԳǣô죬ȴż𣬲żĻһ߿
һ⻰мֻڶݺݵһŰؿ϶ŵ˳ȥ
ǲż𣿡
һЦ۵׵ζŨˣ֮ǰȲҪ˴˵ˣ
̾һˣԳָˣ
ͳֻͼ˴绰ȴڴֻһɲǣȻһδӵ绰
æȥֻǹػƾҲֻͨա
ʱҲû˼ֿԼҪߣۣڵת˸Ȧͣ£·ߣȴǡѡһǸ£ĵ·

ҵʹԳǣԳȴû˵ֱӳǰ˹ȥ䶯֮죬޷ԤϣҸǶԹԳﵽУ
ǰĸֶܸͣңȻܳĬ
·ϣֽ޲ҵ룬ỵ̄ħܴ󣬼ֱһƵģ·Ϻ͹ԳȥȥȦӣȴûһ˻ǹħ
ĲţôһôԻͣΧ˿½ЩһطȻǰ裿
ԽߣеԽǷ̵̣ҵֶ޷סˣҪ֮ǰǾûеġ
һţҲ˿ûţ˸Է˼ţִ˺ü绰󻹸һֱʧʦ˵绰ȴΪ
еɲǣȴֻϵУһ֡
塣
ҺܶΣҲҺܶΣһĵĹȴҲǸС
ȴֵµˣ˵ˡ
ֻǸСȴȥôΣյĵطʱ̵ʬթʬҪĹյϢİɣ
Կ̬˸绰û뵽绰ܿ챻ͨˣӵҵ绰Ȼʮ־ȣεĺҴкĬˡ
ҼֻƤһ䣺֪𣿡
˵֪
̾˿ҵ绰ȴСð˾䣺Ǹȵȡ
ţʡ
˵ɫжùƶ֣Ƶʬ壬ߣ˴Ĺϵ
嵭Ŀڣ˵仰ʱСĵĺʱܶƵġ
󣬶ʱЩ죬˴Ĺϵ
ϵѾܽˣҪʿˮΪʲôҪȴĬˡ
Ȼ֪Ҳܺ˵̫࣬ܺ˵Щ£Ѿ御ˡ
Ҷϵ绰ɲǣҺ͹ԳѾߵһǰŽʮָߴȫͨ͸·𻹷ŰеĹâʮֺÿ
֮£ȴһºںӣܹ㣬жʮңҺ͹ԳվԣȴûʵζӵĺǺɫ֮⣬
ҼţҲû̫⣬ǿЦʹԳǡ
˵˴;ĹϵΪʲôô
ҵĻ䣬ԳȴңʵǣΪʲô˴Ĺϵɡ
ͫ͵һû뵽ԳǾȻȫˣ
ʿˮû˵ɹԳȴ⻰˾䡣
ʲô֪ˣŻô٣Բѽ
˵⻰ʱܵû˿ѹȸУҵĶߣȴʮֲڣһԼ˲˵ĸо
һû˵ԳǵĵͷĿ׼ңǵ·ϵʱ˸绰ɣ
⻰͸¶˼
һ֪еһУղû˵滰ʱҲû˵滰
ڶʲô֪ҵĻ
ҲִشܱǣߣҲشĻȴһǣߣ
ħһֱȦӣõ֤
ѡ·ȻĿһˣȴҲôİȫǹԳұ󷨣һŲȥĵط
Ȼû˵ҲûƣɺȻޱϤ·ҵ飬Բֻһ㡣
˼ȥ׼ڣԳȴָָǰţ˾䣺ǰߣǶǱߣ
ҵ˲һûʲôӦɹԳȴЦЦȺ˵˵֪飬ȻӦùȥ
ҲԼȥˣ˵ԼȥĹȥ


243 ˴
ûٺ͹Գ˵ǴӿڴͳһŻƷᶪϣ뿴ϵʲôŹ֡
ɾŻƷڰϵɲǡ
ŻƷȻƾȻҶʱһ͵غȴԳЦ·Ԥϵ˻ᷢʲô
ɵ͵ػͷݺݵĿһۣЦ˲٣ȴаȻƷڰȼҪأ
ţԳǲĿǼȻˣҺβһ
ţٴγŰȥ̤ϰǰɲǣͷԳһĨޱȵЦݣŵĶȴ޶ԡһ˲Ų١
һֻţȵ˰֮ϣԼĽûʲô󰭣ŷĵĲһֱֻԼֻŶڰ֮ϻûκζɲǣҵĻͷһ۹Գǡ
ϵĵ⻹û󿪣һɹѹɽϯҵ˫һҪԼݺҧƶܹ¡
ԭʮƽĺںӴ˿ҲϿʼ
ںӷĶһտ˵͹Ƶģ࣬һֻֻ˵ֹǡͷǣĹǼܣ͵شӺӵ׷
еĹͷϣճûȫ⣬ޱȣ
ڴʱԳǵҪҪң
һûüش𣬺ںоһֻֻ֣·ҪקʲôŶ԰ǳİ꣬ҽŵóƷ壬Īѹѹһ¶ԶóƷˣ
ꡱһϥұŵͷƤһ顭
һֻůĴȴʱһѽ˵棬صɲǣϣںӵĺȫָ
Ҳ˼Ļͷһ۹ԳǣȴԳǵһ˿δйůƵġůһ֮󣬱ӲҾ䣺ǲɵ
һû˵ȴ˵أԼ˵£ԳǹԸ˵
ȻԳ̾һСĵ˾䣺ˡ
Ҳ֪ӻóʲôһƿĩһĶ˰ϣĩڰϵ˲䣬ϵİ׹͵ػָ
⣬Գǻ߿˵˾лȪ·ӣκţħڤ·ӣšһǰֶħ˾յˣӣǵᱻþнΪϵػ顣
û˵ȴľ
ֱţҲſơ⡱˾䣺Ӧòħ磬ӦǷħŪĵħ򡣿ôôʲô˴رƵģ
ҵĻ䣬Գû˵û˵Ĭô
ɵãֵ˾䣺ôϤħòħɣ
ûңֽ˵㲻˵ĵĬϣ㵱ħˣ
ɹԳȴûңҽֵ˾䣺ʲô˵㣬ȻħΪʲôҪҺ˴
Լ
ȻԳСĿڡ
Ĵȴװԭء
Լ
ѵԳǱ˴𣿿ôܶ޷
һЩʲôȴһʮֺΰĺɫš
ţţʯҶʶ˲٣ɫȴͷһؼңžǻŵƵģϡܸܵðħ
û򿪣֪ź󵽵ʲôҲѪӡȴһڸңˣ
ܵˣпǹŵʱ˵ģ
ҶʱЩģûԥߵűϣƿȺɫţɴȴһİĻȴޱȡ
룬ӽղΪǾͼҰͼ뽻ϣѻøҺòã
һ⻰˲һˣǴԭأͷһ۹ԳǣȴѾǰµɲǣһѽȺɫŸ˿
Ҫֿҵĺڣûü˵Ѿ¶˵֮С
ǰһĴƾվһԣ̵ʬ岻֪ȥ˴վھǵĶ棬޺ͱɫվԡ
ƺû뵽һڴʱڴǰƾгһĨ㵣΢㶣˴ϲ
ԺУȴϻ˴ղ˵Ǿ䣺룬ӽղΪǾͼҰͼ뽻ϣѻøҺòã
һͬʱĨЦ⡣
һĨǱɫЫļһĨǹ̺ļ
ƾ죬ƺЩʲôջû˵ڡ
ɾȴʼûп˵һ֣ǽĿķҵϡ
Գվҵ࣬ޱ顣
εĳ鶯ǣһ˴ȴ˴ϲûɲǣҳžȥ
ҵĲУȴǿһĨЦʾ룺ôҹôԶһϡ
ҵĻ䣬ƾһ˴ȴĲ˼飬бɫ͹е̽
֪뿴Һ;뷴Ŀɳ
ȴѡž롣
ȫ˶ǰ˵ĲǣҲΪЩۻɾ룬ɻ˭᣿˭ʼһֱһˣҡ
ôݵĶҡôҶž롣
ȻҲסˣǽӲľǧɽƵȻʼڻǰһסҵ֣ҵ˾䣺ھͻؼҡ
ûһӦվڶ˴ֱըëˣ
ܲӿħ·˿̲Ѿڴ˴Ĳݣ
ɾȴʱĿڷãҽڻյߣΪͼ


244 
ӸղžǳĬģȻǲκν֮ͣǰľҲûЩҲ벻ΪʲôʱȻἰ¡
뻰䡣˴Ķ͵һ㶣¶ɵĿһ۾롣˵ѵ𣿻ϱӣŮʱ򣬰ٹ¼͵ڳͼ㱻뷲
Ļ˴û˵ȴ˼
һʮ־뷲ԣúǡ
һ˴ĻǱ𾪵ĲУȻ֪ٹ¼˾ʮƹܡҲ֪ͼں˰ٹ¼ȴ벻Ȼںϵġ
ԣұ뷲ʧ˰ٹ¼ǧ꣬ҸúֻȨƣ𣿡
벻ĿڣдżֺЦ˼˴۵ɺŨˡ
ǡ
ȻЦĵ˾䣺ʮ־Щݡǹ̰ˡ
䣬Ȼһҵ֣תźȥ
ֵǣת˴ȴûӣһԾԭء
ȻԳǰعȥʱ䣬ͽе飬˵عֱӴһ˼ҡ
ƾ͹ԳûиţҲû˵͸Ƶġظˡ
һ·ϣҺ;˶ʮֳĬɻص˼ңһƬǽĿһ̲סһ䡣
׷ʲô
̵ĹƶȻҴһܣ֮һ·ħλñȥ
뵭һ飬ȴô򵥣뵽ǰ˵Ļʾ룺Ǳɫ𣿡
Ц˵ɫôͣǹƶܿһʱᣬȴҲƲ̫¡
ԣ˼ǣ˿̵ʬ𣿡ʵ뵭ͷû˵˭ȴ˴𰸡
ʬģɣ
֪˱ɫжжʱصһˮҪˮȫ˴ϣԽӻѾ˴ԡ
֪˭𣿡ҸһʣȴңĵҲ𣿡
⻰һȻǺ׵ĸңƻ¶ˣҵħʱ̵ʬӰ
Ȼ̵ʬ϶ֽţվ裡
οǰǧˡ
ȻҺ;˶ĬһʱЩΣæܵԡϴ˸裬ʱ򣬾Ѿڿˣһصûпܵķſڱ㿴Ӱ
СĵŲŲӣߵԣ
ҵһΣھĴϰɣ
뵭Ŀһۣû˵ȴû뱻ѵɲǣݺݽ§뻳УҶԣС˵˾䣺лл
һ̧ͷһۣлʲô
ҡ
˵⻰ʱֹסСģЦƵġ
û˵Ǿĺ;ӣ˴˵Щʲôʳڣ벻ңǶΰ
Ǵпʲôң֪ʲô
仰Ǹʾ룺ԸңһһǷʲôŻɽĲо𣿡
ûŻش𣬶ңǲǵһʱڱ˺ܶ飿
ҵͷ˾䣺ȻԼû䣬ٻ֪һ㡣
롰š˾䣺ʱңʲô֪ʲôڹǿȵȢһԼŮģÿʲô㶼شңҲ֪ĺá
һ⻰ʱɵۣǺͻյе񣬿ɾ˼ǴĻ
۵׸ֱŭȴЦЦҾȻЦееɵ
֮ǰ㣬룬Ҫ֪ǰ˵ˣΣ
־Ǹ벻ġ
ڻµ˲䣬˸ƣֱ۷ҵĲţɤӣ˵Ҫ˵ˡ
ûȴԹԵ˵
عˣħɣ磬Թаǧǰħǲһս겻ֹǳ
ħЧ˽Ůħ˴޽ᣬɸΪ񲯣ⱾǼ£ɾŮȴԸ⡣
Ͼ˾綼ʮŮ׷˾ƹʮ־׷ǧ꣬ǴСʦѧ֮ʱʮ־ľһ棬㳹ݡ
˵ʱ׵Ƕ췢ģ֮ʮ־ޣ
ԣһλȴûڲٵ˾ܣʮ־󣬼˼ȥģ͸ȥġ
ɼǧʯͷܱˣʮ־˵ԻǿһˣûоŮĴڣħּһһ˾Ůϡ
ʱҲ֪˭Ů˸ע⣬ȥ͵ʮ־еǸٹ¼Լȥʮ־ע⡣
˭˶úõע⣬Ůƫƫˣһˣ
ϾʱħڼҪʲôı޵ħ磬Ǿûлˡ
벻ǣŽٹ¼ʮ־͵ߣûһ˾Ҳ˴ң
ʱ͵߰ٹ¼ٹ¼߾ͼ滹Ի£ͱ˳
벻ǣ뾹ûйһûбðٹ¼þŮͼͶ˼ѹԩڳͼİٹ¼ܴͼа룬ػ˾֮ȥѰء
µ׾Ůȴ˷۱ھ֮ϣҪͻҪ޸ħ˴ƶֱӱ˼ˣ
˴˱ǰ˲١
ɾ˻ΣҪȥħ˴֮ʱ벻鷢ˡ
һֱ䲻ȵʮ־Ȼס


245 ˮʯ
⣬ʱĴϾ룬ʮ־ǶԾŮ𣿶˼׷ǧ꣬Ҳûжʲôװ
˭ϣȴЦҵԴ˾䣺ˮܴʯοǧ飿Ů͵ʮ־ٹ¼ʱǺģһ뵽ŮҪӦܳͷرܣȥ
벻ǣŮǧϰĴڡȻ죬ɾŮȴҲ˱нǰ˻ڡһ̿ʼԼġ
󵭵ġšҲ֪Ϊʲô̵ġ
뿴ͨޱȵż˵ȥ
ʮ־ٶۡɺԼĵʱҲ̫׵ʮ½˴Ľ׶飬ƺƴ
ʮ־·˭޷뵽˴ȻǺ޷ı˸仨ˮ
Ͼ׶Ҳͳɰǧˣܵʮ־µǧ
ʱںڿ޵ϡﻩľŮû뵽ȻףƿʮǻԻͺƴʱֱӾ˽ڣھ뵽ǰ֣ҪߡûзӦ

ʱ仨ˮ˴ݺһҧӵһݵĿǰˡ
޸𣿡
ʮ־ʵŮûüڣٴβһ䡣
ֻҪҡͷԸ⣬Ҵߣ˭Ҳ
һ仰˲þŮỨͷɲǣ˴ҧгݵʮ־˾Ҳħԣ
˭ϡʮ־⻰ȴЦˣĿһ˴ΪһЦ㾡˾ֺη
˴ҪŭɾǴǧ׵ģ
ŭ
һ֮ǧ
˴ֻԼӲ£ʮ־;ŮʧɲǣԼľѪΪһħ䡣
ʮ־Ⱳ޷õŮʮ־ɱŮΣžŮ棬ӭȢˡ
󣬻һֻҪʮ־ŮǾԶ޷ͼٹ¼
ʮ־֮ĵڶ죬˴ҲסˣԼӵֵ»ӣȻ˸ˣĿɲһǰ㰡
һ뵽⣬˴ħֱɱ˾ʮ־뼸Ǵ˸ڵزۣ
ɾ˵⣬ȴ˵֮ʲôΪʲô;ŮתΪˣΪʲô˴Ҳһ˷
˵ҵҲϾܸЩ֮ǰѾȡ˺ܶ࣬οҪǻָ˼䣬ȫ֪˲
һҹΣڶر磬𴲵ʱѾڼˣȥҲû˵ֻǸҷ˸ұģҵֻﻹһš
ģĶźܼ򵥣ȴ֪ǳʲô̬ҷġ
˵Ѿϵ궤ȡ̵ĻǴʬֻأʬˡ
Һôģȴסˡ
Ȳ˵ŵʵΣֻоڵľ״̬Упһֱ״̬Լʲô֪ˡ
һڼе£ûϵңټϾĵֱӰͼ˳
һϸϸоͼʲôʱѾˣȴҲӾĿе֪ͼ߾һ߾ͼ룬ҾָӦòԶˡ
࣬ҲԶˡ
ֻǲ֪߾ͼ֮󣬾᲻ͼͼİٹ¼
ѾеͼľһʦҵĽģһǾҵģһģһǰԳǸոոҵġ
ľͼ֣ǿٻٹȴʹòͼ
ǰʹͼҲԹˣòˡ
ͷһҲ֪뵽ʲô͵ؾܻط䷭䵹ҳһͰ͵ĻƷ
ŻƷ֮ǰ޻޵ʱҷģ˵ٻǰҲ˵ŻƷǻµġ
ҺȻԤУղô֣ϵģǰģɵԲ
᲻ŻƷϵĶʵͺʹͼйأ
һ뵽⣬æһֵֻͲǵһ˫ۣϸϸĽŻƷͷʮĹĦһ顣
ŻƷ·ͱĻƷ֮ͬ⣬ȴûаá
һ벻վһĵۣҲ˵ôĻƷҲһô࣬԰ɣ
ο󻹱޸ƿˣô˳ᢵˣôܻ㲻ۻб㣿
˼ȥ˺ܾãûоһȻҵĲУһֽͱʣѧŻƷӣһŻƷϻ
һλʮֲ񣬵ڶλҲ̫ãҽʮΣڻŻǲķɾ㻭ĲȴҲûá
ϾԼڲ֮Сһٻķ
ֵǣһŻƷĴԽ࣬ԺӾԽŻƷģֱӡҵԺ֮С
Ҷʱ첻ѣæóͼȴ͵ط֣ԼڽӴͼ˲䣬ͼоһ׹עҵڡ
ֻ˲䣬һǱʲôÿҪƵģѰһй㣬Ҳ
ҽסæڵϴۣȥԼڵÿһģҵҵյ㣬ȴҵĵ֮ڡ
ҵĺԽԽԽԽҲ֪˶ãֻһʲôˡ


246 Ĺ
ⶫͬʱҺȻܿԼڵ磬·ܹӵеһС
ֻһɹҵĵﴦγһһԲȦϵںϷ룬ںٷ롣
ģҷԼ̨ԽԽ㣬ӯ·Ϊ𣬺Ϊ磬֮ˮΪԭϣһɹð·ͨ澭֮ͨţСƵѭ
󣬾һڵ˵֮ϡ
Ϊ̫࣬һֱ⵵£ɴҶ벻Լ̤ᵤ֮漣ȻͼΪ
ѵ˵ͼǰļ䡣滹ǰʱһύҵУ
ηΪ֮ᵤ֮ԪӤ֮֮֮ɽ֮ͻ֮
ŮǸ߸ϵⱲ˻֮ΪɰĴڣһر
̾һû̫࣬ӵͼ͵ҵڣòͣϢٴ͵ػ
ֻһ㼯ҵĵ֮ڡҵĵﴦٴ𡰿һʲôƵģǰڵϵڵڴõٴһڵ
ҵҲڵɲǣҵĻ͵ƮԼڣŵæԼȥȴԼ˽˲䣬ֻݡһҵĻǷ·ڵΪһ塣
ҵһҵĻʱ뿪Ƶġᳯһǿڵȴһĵ֮ϡ
Ҳ˼ĵɴ˫ۣһУþúŷӦ
ͼľĹϣҸòΪĹļ˼֮ɣ
һڲ輸ϵıӾԼҵķƮұ۵ɲǣӾҵǰһƬޣʣ
˵ͼķӡҵͼ䣬һͼָܻԼļ
ӵȴһƬǽ壬֮ǰз޸ҵ¶˷ĩֻʣͼɼͦڵذϡ
죬ѾˣϸΪϴ಻
æӵܵԡϴ˸裬Ұϴԡ߳¥ɲǣȴһ˿֮ϡ
ǰŪһƬǽĸɸɾ
ԺвŸô;һУɾҴ¥ȴЦӯӯ˾䣺ˣ
ҲĿһۣţôͲģ֪ͼӡҵƵģ
ġšһû˵ھԣȴ˦һŵͼң˵ǽƾͼһ졣
һ⻰æͼнӹȴ͵ط֡ôģȻͼ
ʾ룺ʲô
뵭Ļһ֡
Ĺ
Ҳһæ˭Ĺ
ȴ˵Ҳ֪ʱͼֱ¸뽫ͼռΪУĹҵˣȻҲһλ
ƾĹӦսʱڵһλ壬Ժա
ĩˣҺú׼£һһĹ
󣬵˵ͷûҿڣֲһ䣺Ĺʱ򣬺пܻ˴
Ͼǵõͼģ˴ˣ
˴Լ֣һ죬ԳҲģϾҺиŵأ
ֻһֱ벻ԳǺ˴ʲôϵ
ΪʲôʹԳǳ˴Ϊʲôʱȴĸ֣Ϊɡ
ûü̫࣬ұȥ׼ĹĶˣ˵һر𼤶ģϾƾŲǸɽ֮ʵҾȻһҹ֮˼֮
ҽ֮ǲҲԼ֮ǰžƾĺˣ
뵽⣬Ҽļһ϶û˯ڶһ磬㶥źȦӴ
𴲵ʱ컹ûҸϴ¥ԶıƾƵһ¥ͣ
˵ģҶƾͦģһ˵Ըǰͽզܲôأ
ڻƾһϲǰǸڸ۽ĺĹʦ
٣ǰһµģھǰģһͿס
ӣһ֣ĹѨ̫׵ĸо
˸緹ұ˷ɻ˴εĹѨڹλҲ̫žߣ߶Ͷˡ
ֻ벻ǣϷɻǰһӣԳǻҷһţ˵ȥǰ죬˴Ѿȥˡ
˵˴ӡô꣬޵ĲңǾ롣
٩һ䣬ͷУǰûдǺ£ҪڹǸĹ˴ˣǿɾҪСˣһĹѨã˾͵òʧˡ
ҿţԳǻһ䣺𣿡
ȴûеõ𸴣ԽԽǾùԳǺأҲԽǾùԳǺ֡
к˴йص飬ͦĵġ
˴飬Ҳͦġ
ȻûлظǸ⣬ȴڷɻǰһɲǣҷһ˵ɫ͹ҲȥҿӣǸĹѨŪңҲ֪Һ;ƾȥ
ҶʱЩ죬æһô֪
û뵽ԳǾֻҶƵģҶŸշȥû룬ϻһͼͳȥġ
ҿЩʲôȴѾˣɻѾ˵棬źȫޡ
ֻգ̾һ
ȥ鷳ĲĹѨĶǹޡ
˵ĹѨﰲ˸벻ĶŪˡ
һ벻ף˴ϲգҲҵǰ
ôιڱŪЩСңԳô֪ô


247 а
ڷɻϣƾұϿһֱŴֻⷢո˭Ķš
Ц˵֣Գǣ䣬ȴһ顣
ƾȻҲˣصضüëָָ룬СңԳǺ˵ʲô
ƾȻҲûѸղŹԳǺҷŵȫ˵ƾ룬ƾȴһһ⡣
Գô֪ô
һƾһ䣺ң˭
ƾȴңҪǹԳ⻰֪ŵͼǳԹ޵֡
һʱЩ졣ƾ;ôõŵͼģ
ƾ˵һŶģͼϢѾȥܾˣΪʲôûҲ֪ĹѨͼϢȴġ
ĩˣұģ;ͼֻȥĹѨλãĹѨҲŵͼϵߡ
ϾƾͨŶݼףôԣûҪŵͼȥߡ
˷ɻҵһ±ǸԳǷţô֪ôġ
Ӧòңû뵽ȴһ䣺ǹ޺˵ġ
һ𰸣ʱ͹˵ĹϵЩ֣ðɣ˿Ŀɳˣһȷĸռһߡ
ɿǷĿɳˣûʲôʵԵ˺˽ϵԼļƻ˵˶Է
һ뵽⣬æš޵ǲã
ȴƸпģҲ֪
ţԽԽùԳǿֲ´󣬺޲ԽԽƵġ
ĹѨСϵʱɫѾƾ;ȴûӦǸңи׼ĻӦûҹȥ
һôżæ˾䣺Ϊʲô
ɻشҵģȴƾǾ롣
˼Ҷô󷨣ȥôԵǣ
ĪģԽԽһҪ˴ˣԵôһܵĸо
˵ڷѹ˴Ҳ֪˭ܴĹ˭
ŵͼϵıţߵĹѨ֮ǰƾص֣Ĺû⣬žͼһѸˣ˾䣺Ĺǵͼϱǵţ⡣
˵ţƾͰָ¡
ĵʮֶͣرǶ͵Կ״ɶ͹鶸ͣɽȴʮֳӯ
÷ˮѧϵĻ˵ķˮãֻǱһЩڲмңס
µԨһɽңƾµ̽λã¡
۾룬ȴһңһԾͱϵһѨϢ͵һת䣬һֱͱϵĶڡ
󣬻ڶãȴƾ֮ųŶȥ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôԽŶȥҵһľԽԽΪԼǰһϵĺȻףôĹѨȴûĹѨͱϵİɣ
Ѩʮʪÿ߼·ܲȵһСˮӣԲϽˮµЬӣҲʪ˴롣
ţǰȻȻһ뾶ԼʮԲεĶѨǰͷɢŵĴʯȮж졣
ڶڴֱ£ղϣܵɽ͵ˮĳˢڵ˵ŹǺһЩƷˮ嵽Ѩߵ̽ɢ¡
ⶴǰͣµԾǰһʯ̨ϣûһᣬƾ
ô㲻ߣҵȥ
û˵ȴʮֲԸĻصԭһƾӣµĽƾվŵʯ̨֮ϡ
ѨЩ֣ΧʯΪˮĴ򣬱ʮֹ⻬ȴƾ͹һʯ̨š
ЩʯϻϡɢһЩãɲ֪ٽڵ·һֱ¡
ɲڸǽпܣҹʲô˺ܾá
ҺƾһۣŽĿ˫˫ھϣĿھϵɲǣȴ˵˾䣺ǽϹŵģӦסЩײĶ˵ϣֱˮʴˡ
仰Ҳ֤ʵĿݹǣƷ
ֵǣҶʯڳվĵطһЩ֮Ķʮֹ⻬ҪƾǰȷҪĹΪǲ˵طˡ
Ͼô⻬ŶûУѨôᣬҪĹôĽ
ʱȻڣƾߺʡ
һʱЩ죬ʾ룺ǽڵͺͺģѵеطߣ
ָָǼʯڣָָǽ²ŵʯ壬ңûоЩŵķǳйɣ
˵һûע⣬һ˵꣬ұϸһȴ͵ط֣ô£
ôһ£ȴûʲôɣʾ룬ƾȴſڵ˾䣺ЩǽµʯǰհУÿλһ󣬶ÿĶͬǬ죬أ磬ףˮ޴ɽҴ󡣡
ЩȴƾԼָддҲ֪дЩʲôȥ㷽λ
ƾ˾䣺ϲ£ңм䣡
м䣬ҲԵȴû·
ƾȴƾҲ֪ڵʲôǽһֻһǰ͵س˰ţ
λãȴǰ˴˨ʯ֮ϡ
һǵĶ


248 ƾ
ֻǰЩʯϵĵ˵ϣеݽ
ʱƾĿڵ˾䣺ϱŰ˸ײģ˸ײİһ˹һ˴˸ײеһĹײıթʬĹġ˼̫ûҶˮɳܽˣӲƻ󷨡
ƾ⻰Ҳֻܸ̾ҵרƾſ𣿡
Ҫ֪ǰֵţùճƵģȥǻþ
ƾտ˵֣Ȼһṳ̋ȥɾƾһ̤ȥ˲䣬˳ǰһбֱˤ˵µ
Ҽƾ⸱ģһûסֱӹЦ
ƾȴԽԽҲ֪Ǵķ͵ؾһԾȵһϣݺݵƲƲԼϵͣЩ͸Ʋߡ
󣬻࣬ոһȴˣ˵ˣֻʵģߡĶġ
뿴һǱƾ겻ıɽϣѵó鶯ǡ
һңƾڵϡ
ÿŵľͷʯڣһ뿴ʯںͷʲôƾȴǽƵĴǰʯڣŵòᡣ
ֱҴʯڣһͷһȴ֣а͸ţֻһʯͷڶѨš
ò˵ĹѨȻûоĹĹô棬ߣȴǱĵģ˹˻ܹ
ߵĹ˵ҲʮֳʪʯϵһЩҲʴ˲٣ʯڶʼù̦ǽϵŵĳȴšΪǰ
ֱߵһΪˬĵطƾ˸任һ·װģ˸̣Һ;ǰ
ɲûƾȴͣ˽Ų˾䣺ĹѨ˵Ӧò̫ͰɽͷɴĹѨֹɽͷǸࡣ
Ҳ֪ʲôƾæ˸䣬üͷ˵ĹѨ֣ȻĹĹ
սʱھѾｨ˸ĹѨ˵û˻ڱ˵ĹѨٽһԼĹѨǲ֪Ĺ²ųĹѨ̫ˣֲܷˡ
²ųǾ֪֮ĹȴռȵԭеĹϣֽһĹѨ
Ҫ֪һɽҪѵʱ˵ҲúüǼʱ䣬οǽĹѨһڱ˵ĹѨٽһĹѨ
ƾɫԶ϶ĹѨĺӴ󣬶ڲṹǳܣ˵Ҳʮ꣬ǶʱڿԽġ
ѵ˵ں֮ǰƺҪƭǽռȵսʱڵĹѨ
ô룬벻ͨӣƾҲһ벻ͨĹѨô¡
벻ͨ벻ͨýĹѨð»ð졣
ۿҪĹһңƾȻ˽Ųҵ˾䣺ȵȡ
ʱҵĽѾ˵棬ҽڵĵطպһ͹שߡ
ֻש߱һȣݺݵǶ˵棬Ҳ֮ɳ¡ɳɳ
ŵͷƤһ飬æһƾƾȥţʱҲŷ֣ҵඥ϶ʼɳӣ·ͱ֪ʲô
ǰһյʯţƾƣȴ˿ûж
ɳȴԽԽ࣬ԽԽ࣬ۿŶҪҵĴȸƾżѵܵһԣҲ֪ҵʲôֻһʯ۾һʯŴ
ʯŴ򿪵ɲǣӳĲǵصһ¥ݣһһڵĳǰ
ƾæ̤˽ȥһ̤ȥһ˾䣺Сү߹˸ָӵĹѨĻôͼĻĹ
һʱ˸ۣžһ˽ȥƾһ䣺ĹѨٵͼ㲻Ҳһ𣿡
ƾߵһңҵǲǿ𣿸ղŻп챻ɳʱǲСıˣ
һ仰ʱұ˻ȥɳӵĻػҲȵġ
¥ݲǰЩĹѨʮǮðģʯģȥӲģʱʱʽĳ¥ݣȫŪʯҡ
Һƾһۣ˿ŶԷӶ̲סЦƫƫĿתʱȴ뵭ĲС
ңҪϵĻأ
һЩضȽϼ򵥣ң΢һע⣬ܱܿۿžҪߵĹ˵Ĺˣȴٳû˴һˡ
ŪҺƾ񾭽ľ񾭲Ƶģһ紵ݶĲС
۾롪
ɣǵĲС
䣬еƵģƽˮ
ĹߵһĹѨ˺üúĹײģȫӹײĵ
Уʱʱɢ֬ζ֬ζǺ֮ǰڱɫŵЩҲȷɫǰǲ
Ҫ֮ǰңһӹײҪթʬһᱻŵȽŶˡ
ڣԼսƵģЩײթʬ̫ӿڴ˼ŻƷߵ⼸߹ײĵǰһײģЩʬթʬ֮ǰŻƷݺʬԴϣֱӰЩҪթʬʬ壬ʬ塣
ƾԱ߼ˣֱŴˣʿˮ˾䣺ŮıȽϱ
仰Ҳ֪ǰǱᣬҵĵӺǱ֮ǰ˲١
Ҳ֪ǲԼ˵ԭ
󣬰ĹѨĻȫ֮ƾǰ׼ƿĹҵĴš


249 ı
˵Ҳ֣ǰһЩʯŶ̫ÿǰĹѨһعؿʯţȴƾһƣͿˡ
ɾƾƿʯŵɲǡһӴ͵س˾ƾ׵ľ룬ƾһûע⡣ŵһƨ˵ذϣȷӦʱֻѾƾ˵
Ҽ״Ҳ̲סЦֻоƾǲû˼ɣ
վһԣ鶼ûƾֱһҳĹѨȥƾһԭزҽС
ƾǲᱻֻѹôҵģƫƫֻ˵ƾɲǣƾֶֻˣĹѨĹˡ֮ӲĹѨǧ꣬ĳ档
ƾɲֻӣǽһðɣһɹɷڱ͵ؾͽֻſϵ˺Ƭ
ӵҲǰЦȫĿ£ٶ֮죬
ȴҲӳ˾֮ǰ˵ģƾرװ
ǰرװ
ʵʵʵܲȹԳǲȴҪװһԼ֮⣬ʲô̫ӡ
ҪǼʶƾݾˣܱģɱΡ
ɾ߽ĹѨɲǣϵȫȥµϢͣĬĬó̿˿ߵĹѨĵطĹ˵Ĺײİ棬óľᶥ¡ĹѨĶ˾˸ӣƾһ˺Ĵһ˿ԲΣ
˺Բ֮ƾͷҺ;˾䣺ӦþǵڶĹѨڡ
˵꣬ƾһֱȥ󻹺ĵĴһţŪȥ֮󣬾ŵ
֮ƾһǲǵĹ֮ǰԱһڣ
˵ǵãƾ˵Ҫû´ĻھֱͨڶĹѨģǸߣǾͲ÷ô˸սʱڵĹѨ
·Ҳ·ĺôһǸ˺ܶ߰Ķû뵽ǻϵȽսʱڵǸĹ
󣬵ĵ˵ͷƾȻĹѨôϤ˴ǰĹͼǲѾˣ
ƾҡͷ˵ӦûڣǼпܣҲĹѨ
˿ʯͷǸղŽǸ֮Һ;룬ĹѨ
Ҳź;룬ƾ߳ĹǰһţÿŽĵطʮֲһ
ĹѨĽҲǳ֣֮ǰЩһĹҽһĹҵĹѨȫһĹҲգеŽеʲôû֧ŵ㶼ûУֱ˰գ
ĹѨĹ൱ţĴѪһƬΧ˲ٵǽҲ˸ʽıڻ
һȥͷ¶²ĹѨ
ûƾȥ·ȴһҵ֣ҳĵλȥ
ߣƾں溰㣬˵ĹѨķˮͰԶǵģݷ÷ǳÿ͸
һʱЩţƾô棿
ƾָָƯŵЩһüë˾䣺Լ𣿡
û˵ȴ벻ףҪǹ޸ĹΪʲôͼߣ
Ҹʳƾش𣬶ȴһ䣺ΪĹѨҽġ
µ˲䣬Ҳ˼ĵɴ˫ۣƾҲţ
ǲɫڱ޵˰
ĹѨҪǾ뽨Ļܹ˵ͨˡ߾ͼֲ¸սʱڵõһͼĹң֪ԤıռȵһĹĹòõţȰĹѨˣͼ
ҲˣΪʲô޺˴ǰĹȴĹѨǻٳûõͼ
һһ벻ͨȻĹѨǾ뽨ģǹôıﵽĹѨ»شͣ
հһʣƾ񿴰׳ƵĿһۣң㲻֪о仰벶ȸں󣬽֮ǰӦǰѻ󷨶ˣﲼ֣ǲǣ򣡡
⻰һ˵꣬ȵĿһ۾룬˭ϣ뵭ġšһû˵
ƾܣɷǿɰȴ˸׽͸
ߵˣ£иԵɣҲиԵĿģƾȴ棬ΨһһûĿģҲûԭȴġ
ǳʦҲȫΪǰͻչϵ㲻һͼ޸УҲû
ҷ֣һ׽͸
ңƾ֡󡱵ʨӣʱèҪ˳һ֣ĺ˭¡
˵ʲôǾ䲻ѣһˣ
ĹѨ˺þãҲ֪ǲǾԵʣǾȻûȵκλ󷨣ҲûκΣյ飬ֱ·϶Ҫȫ
Ͼ·ߣ˭֪ذ᲻Ȼȥ
ٰȫܿЩطйĴ򶷺ۼܿĳߵĵط˴Ҳ߹
ƺǼԽԽˡ
Ҳ֪˶ãյĵطҪ֮ߵ˵ףߵЩŵ档
ŵ棬˹ײģģ壬Щײģ붼ѾթʬʬбĴߵ
ңµ߹Ĺײ󣬶ƾûæԼ˺ͷ
һͷƾһۣȴڻͷɲǺһСģ
ƾһҵĻʱһȴŵֱӽгƾˣ
䣬ԺȻ˴̶ſЦϸһʮֶ졣
ЦȴǴƾ󴫳ġ


250 ᣡ
ƾɫ˲һ䣬ͷɲǣֱӺ͹޵˸š
ʱĹޣħĿĿ£ƾһ⧲һȴ͵һȿաӹײϵȥֱ˹ײ֮С
޽͵һߣֱӽһԵĹײĸƾĶϣٵڹײĵĸöӣֱӽƾӡ˹ײ֮ڡ
ȻĹѨﲼ˾֣ȴ벻󱻿ӵ˾Ȼƾ
ƾ㱻ɳˣٵι޳֣Ҳɵٴθ̾ƾǳûп
öӵɲǣǲЦٴ쳹ǵĶԣʱֻоԼĺһͷɲǣ˱ɫĨɭޱȵӰŵͷƤһ飬͵ؽ󣬶˱ɫĹ
ɲǼ䣬ײٴηʽɧֻ˲䣬һ߾ȾħôӵﻺֱӽҺ;Χһ
ĴײĵƾĺȻƾؽײʮֲˬ
Ҳ֪ǹ޶µöӾʲôƾȻһʱҲ⸱ײģײĴû취ƿ
뵭Ļͷһ䣺𣿡
ҡҡͷû˵ȴԾԾԵС
Լò׽˼֮ʵû֮жǿȻаȵЦˡ
󣬾һӣǰõĹײģ͵ӿɲǼ䣬ֱӽĹǣһ紵ǰĵطʱһֱӵǰôԳ֡
ֱӿԭأʿˮ뿪˵Щʲôȴǲ˼Ŀʾ룺㾹ȻҶ
˵ģ˵⻰ʱҺҲǳĪƵĻѾǵһ˵ˣǵþûرʱ򣬴Ҳǳȣ˵ʲô벻ûر壿
ܵţ
뵭ڣƽûһ˿ŨŨĳȴģһֱĿҪը͵ؾͷصԽԽࡣ
ɾ룬ȴЦеһУǽ޺ͱɫӸס
֪Ϊʲôɫڹ޵ǰڸȫޣǰ͵Ϯûгɹ֮ȴǲ岻ϻһֱվԶһԣŹ޺;˵ĶԳ֡
ɸֵǣõϢ˴ǺһµĹѨôˣȴ˴ӰӶûм
תһ룬뵽ĹѨǾҵһžٻֵµôĲͬʱҵһģҲ
ǲҵĽţЦŵͷҵ֣һ룬ǰȺȻٴλ˹
ˣƹܵģ
ĶŹ޵һ䣬ɹȴɫˣٻô˵ǰӡƾĹײļһӡ
ͬʱҵĿһȻ֣սϳ˴ǲǻٸˣ
ûҵעתƵһԣȴٴθоԼĲһɻͷȴûˣתͷɲǣ͵ؼɫīɭӰҵࡣ
Ҳ֪վһԶңһֻƴĺֲ꣬𹥻һֱһ
һʱЩֲ£ɾʱҵĶ͵ش顱һǰƾǸײڶֱӱը˷飬ƾէȻ˴ҵǰƾȴ͵سŹ޵ȥ߳壬߶Һ;뺰ߣ
ҶʱЩûӦƾⷬٶ۵Ҳһɻ󣬿ƾſ޵ԣȺôֹͣ˹תƾƺҪסƾȥ·
£ҸֵĲУѵ˵޵ʲô
ɲǼ䣬µĳƾķԾȥʱƾΪһϵз飬ͱıߣڽ˼£һаǰǹʦ֮⣬ҲûȻǳ׶ŭ
ɾھ붯˵ʱվһƴıɫȴЦˣ·ȵģһ̣
Цɲǣһϸʮַе˿ֱӴӵ𣬼һ޵вһԾȥܱ˾ֱΪʬ塣
˿ɲǣѲпٵһƾһɫĻ𻨣ֱӴ˿֮ϣ˿˲䱻ɵɲǣһɹȴƾմ
밵һ䡰ãƺû뵽бȻǲسôһ֣
䲻ãȴѾˡ
㲻ˣƾҲˣҺƾɲǣֻоƺʲôӱǿ׽ԼѪҺ֮УѪҺߣǻ
ұŵĲᣬ۵ɫ࣬ҪǾңҶֱӵء
ƾĴȴʮֲãһߺȺô򶷣һΪԼ
ȥǰճɿ˿˿̾ǹ㣬Ʈ˿С
һⳡʱһˡ
Ҹղŵģò᲻㣬ǹưɣ
ͷմĵһһҵȴ˼֣Сұģһƾķȥ
ƾĶѾԽԽ˿Զȥĺȴһ࣬ǲѪĶǳڵĳӣ䶯Եʮֿ¡
ɾʱҵʶȴȻʼɢһѴҿڴóöһī˱ǶѹڵĹƳƵģŽҵء
ƾȴûôˣҺ;붯ʱ򣬹޺ͱɫԤıҺ;룬ǰ壬ֱӳ嵽ƾǰеĶ׼ݣҪƾɱ˴
Ҳ֪ƾΪңϵ鷳֮ǰҲ֪ĹڣȴĿƾǰ
ݺһҧһ͵طӾѳûȴͼճһƵĶû˵ӾԾ͵ؾͳǰս
һɹҵڱֱȺôһΪƾǱ˲עôʵ̫࣬Ͳֺһ죬Ҳ֪ʲôΪŪôԴԴϵӿս
뿴ҼۣǿѹߵսԼСĵ㣬û׸¾ܵƾԣӥץСƵĽƾץ𣬿ɾھ׽ƾ˲䣬޺ͱɫ¶һĨޱȵЦݡ
һĨЦݶʱвãȴеƾʱһгžؿͱȥ
Сģ
Һ仰ɲǣһģ⧲ıôͱһɾзƵģеƾųһף͵ըһ𻨡
Ȼƾڱײ֮󣬾Ѿʧˣӹײƾȴƾ
仯֮죬󣬶ȴҲڽƾе˲䣬ӿڴͳһѽɳɱƵһھһֻֻɫӵվ
޵Ĳֺܴ󣬾ҲɼҲٵģرҸո⧲ǹ㣬ڻйƶڲߡ
ȻԴһˡʲôһתͷɲǣȴһӰֱӴǰֱӰ˺Ȼֵļ̳֮ϣŷ֣ӰˣȻһֱûгֵ˴
ӰֵɲǣһϤӰһͬ˼̳֮ϡ
Ҽˣʱһ
üһƾ˶ӾȻԼ취ˣһֱڰ;Ϸأ
Ϸզ;籾Ҫԣݶô棬Ҷƭ˽ȥ
̳Χ˸ʽڻʮζˣ̳ǷǰɱյǸ̳·͸¶һɹа
̳룬һδȴͼ
Ҳ˴ʲôӣҲ֪˭˭Ӯ˴ֵɲǣϣȴһĨظЦݡ
ɲǼ䣬ӿƾ˴볯ͼȥƺ˭ٿһܽͼС


251 Ѫ겻
ɾͼȥɲǣ޺ͱɫȫˣ볯ƾһâ͵ؾͽƾڵأ
һʱЩļȥƾȴһס֡
ҿһ۾룬ֻоԼǽһֻڶ˴ĶѶðæƾĶԼϷˣűһϷ
һ롣ͼȴ͵һŤתǻƵģܿ˴ᣬ͵سžķ
ӣ˴;ִӹһ壬Ǿʤһﰡ
ͼžķ˴źҪᡣ޺ͱɫӿ˭ϣͼҪɵǰɲǣͣ˰֮С͵һ
нŵͼȴӦƵģֱӴгûҷӦ͵غǰͼںһ
ͼںһͬɲǣһǱһƵģ͵ؾͳſзȥ֣ͼС
ͼеͬʱ˴Ѿ嵽ͼǰͼɲǣƺԥƺԥòὫͼߡ
ɾԥɲǣ͵رһ˻ȥΧ͵ش֡顱·عʼ̮˰㣬Ľ
˳ƣҲ֪϶ʲô͵ظһΧһֻ֣оԼǱƵģ˫͵뿪棬ƾǳҪ
ģȵҡ
ֱ˵أ뿪ǰĵطŷ֣뾹ֱӽһܵܵ˵ʮֺڰȴܸܵƾԡ
Ͼʱƾûнڲٵıžȣ˾䣺򣬺úҺ¡
ֻоԼǰ˲们ߡ
ǰޱȵƾױ˭ˣ
ֱǰһİű˳ɾھ뽫ҿаγɲǣһɹʹٴߡ
۵ֻоԼЩѣɾȴ£ƾתȥ·ǿͳһذףݺݵڼطһֻ̣īޱȵĴʳӣٽҵ˿Ϊҽ˿ڸƽ
⼸ֻīޱȵĴʳӣڱڵɲǣֱ˼̲īīڵѪ
ҿֻöޱȣڱµƲ̫һŪˣ治֪ӡ
;룬ƾصѾǵڶˣ⼸ڵعġۡ۵ڴԪ
ԽԽЩ֣˴ôĸԸҴͼҲ£
ͼܹ߾ҵѾҲ˵һܼͼָ
뵽⣬⻹ЩޱȣڼʲôһЩӡ
ЩƾҲ֪æЩʲôÿģԼӰÿˣ˵æұġ
ЩģܸоԼ˵ʲôֱյһš
벻Ҫĺӣ
һʼŵʱ򣬻ΪʲôҪǮʱѶŷˣȴһ룬͵طӦ˹
ҵĺӣ
׼ȷ˵Һ;ĺӣǸĺӣ
Īģ뵽ӣܾҵĶǲʲôƫϾʱҵʱ򣬿ֱӽҶĺӸˣ
ǰٺݣˣĻҲڰԼĺӶŪ˰ɣ
ڴǰƵһôľ֣Լĺۣ
ǡ
ӣ֮ĲʱѾģ
ֻڵʲôҲ²ģЩʲôҲ²ֻԭĬĬĵȣɾ͵ͷͬʱȴ֣һֱߵѪ겻ˣ
ǵõʱöѪȻһӤ״ʱȲ߾룬ȴΪ飬ڼϳֵ鶼Ƚϼ٣ԼҲ޷ȷӾôһ£߰һԼˡ
Ѫʲôʱûģﱻ͵ģǱԼŪģҶ
ҳҪͨѪŮȴ޷ͨˡ
ұŵĻɫףɳһһ㶵ġ
ϲʲôˣҲʲôϲСӵˣվԼĺӰĸŮӲԼĺӣĸĻ᲻ϲԼĺӣ
ң⺢Һ;붼ԵôϡͿ߰ʱ£ڻʱ򣬱ôΣȴٴαۻ꣬Ÿոձۻ꣬ȴֱҴĴŪˣ
ҼĶҪɱˣԼݺһ飬δйԼȴҲףʱҾԼһɱˣûһô
ֻԺвŶԲߣɴʱҵԺѾҳһţԼЩʲôԼŪ
󣬺ݺһҧҸһ͵Ѫꣿ
˭ϣȴһ䣺ô˵ôʲô͵ѪǱ͵Եġ
һ⻰üͷʱһȴûߵˡ
׽ˣҲܰѪ˵ˣΪģǺӵװ
ƾҲų֪ΪʲôҾƾϱӺҡ
Գǣǣû̫ܽӴңޱɫ˴Ҳ̫ںҴ򶷵ʱҵĶǻ˭
˼ȥһ벻һȻضţȴһֱţй¶Լĺ¡
ҪǿԣҲû߲Ҫס
ˣߵģҲܴҪ׵ı
ǼûлضţҷһƬƬĵģö˻ҶϳѪ꣡
Ѫ꣬˱˵С
ҷƬͬʱʮּһ䣺֪˭Ѫҵ𣿡


252 в
ûشٴεĳԹͨѪŮɽȴһ޷ͨѪŮ
ǰһʱ䣬ѪŮԳǸˣкܳһʱ䡣ûмΪǹԳǡرԶûϵ
ڣҲò˹ԳǲǶѪŮôˣҪ֪ҺѪŮԼġ򵥵Ĺͨϵˡ
ҶԹԳҲֻǻɣϾôһˣܰôԣˣóĻϢƣ
ݺݵı˱ۡһһҧԳǴ˸绰ɾڵ绰ɲǡڶ˵һ䣺ԲҺŪˡ
һ⻰ʱһ㶣ʹԳǣѪŮʲôʱûģ
˵ʱæҲ֪Ҵ绰ʱȴһ绰˹
ʱû˵ȴɵýԳ˻֮ϡ
ϾҿôߵѪŮôһˣȻҵ˸㶪ˣ˵ȥ˭ţ
ɾʱԳȴһ䣺Ҵ绰
Ҳ֪òú˵Щ˼ȥû͹Գ˵Ѫ궪˵飬ֻһöȻˣмֿܣ
ԳЦЦЦܸоǴһʲôĻˣȴңǻشֿܣһҵʲôطһǱ͵ģһ֣ǶԼûġ
ɰҵǰֿԲֻеˡ
껹壬ҲˣԼʧġ
ǣǱĶϲ⣬ʱ򣬾˰ӣ꣬ںʵʱԶȥߡ
⻰ɵӶףڸңµҵѪ궪ˣѪŮȻʧ٣пܣѪŮѪ͵ߵġ
˵ʮޣһû˵˭ԷĿǡ
ԽұԽЩ
˵ҪºëǮϵûУϹʲô
ʹԳǣĻ壬ΪʲôὫ͵ߡ
ɸִ𰸣һǱĻӽ֮ʱǴĿԵġ
һҶãġ
һ֣Ҽãϧɱ˫ۡ
Ȼֲ²ⶼϾѪŮദôãʲôΪˣһġ
Ҫ˵ӽҵʱ򣬾ǴĿԵģһǲԸš
˵ѪŮһôǴĿԽӽҵģ
̾˿ҰѹԳǵĵ绰ˣӺң;飬ɿôæֲĸ绰ŵϻ˵
磬Ҫõȶã
˵ģҲ֪ʱ䣬ȴ൱尾
Ǹڸҷ֮󣬱û򣬷·ͼݶһص绰Ƶģ㲻ż
żż
ٽҲ̲סһš
˭Ѫꣿ
û뵽绰ͷȴһ˭ҵģ㲻𣿡
ֻоԼ˹Ϊļ£Ų˵ֱǣűߵĸо
ţ˭ʱվλãܼˣ
ûڻضţǸȴڰСʱ󣬻һ
벻ͦ͵ģδĺһ˾ˣȴΪۻ꣬һǵ̥ۻꡣ
ҿţǽһǺһЦҪǿԣһ
˵ʮϤȴ벻˭
ҳһţɴཫ䷭ʼԺĬͼ;İ˳ԼС
ò˵ҵľǱȽãţһŵҲǾ񷽲ë꣬Ǳһڿﾲĵž
ؼҵʱѾϰ˾ŵˣʱֻһˣƾûиƨɺ棬Ҳ֪ȥ
ʱһϢڿƶЩ죬˵ƣǲǳʲô£
ʾ룺㻹ǲǵãʱǸ֮һӣ
󣬻һʱɴ˫ۣüͷһңôˣ
ҰѪ飬ŵ鶼;˵һ飬ҰֱֻӲ롣
з㣬ͨһڵ绰Ҷ֮󣬷һʮֿĶš
Ҿߡ
뿴Ŀ£ЦЦûʲôӦðϢܳһ¡
ֻݺݵֱֻӳɳһףͳԼֻƾ˸绰
ңû˭ɵģ
ҡҡͷ˵֪˾һ䣺£ѪŮйϵ𣿡
񿴰׳һĿһۣңԼû
ȴûлشҵ⣬ϢҶЩҿ
Īģҿľ룬ȴм˿ϲ
룬ĺӵģ
Ͼе׵ˣ᲻Լĺӡ
ܾãڹϣǵĺвĳ룬һĿġ
Ҫôֹȥͼ
Ҫôһ㶼Һ;ܺá
ֲ²⣬ʶ˵Ҳ
˵޺ͱɫŮİɣеģ
˴͹Գǡ
һ˴˽٣ûôӴÿμܴпŨŨռ
ھƵģʲô¶ĳ
۹Գǣص˲²͸Ҳ͸رǺûһ飬˾
ڳĶҪͬʱҵĴһ
ˡ


253 
ұŵɳȥţȴסңֱӶ⺰˾䡣
ʲôãԼ
䣬ʱһԿײŵɲǣƾСֹıԹ
˾һ䣺̱ɽҪ
Ҳ֪ĸˣƾ䡣ͦѺϵģ
ƾź󣬾㿪ڣƾֿѪǱ˭͵ˡ
ɾĻ䣬ƾ񿴰׳ƵĿһ۾룬ǲɵҺǽаˣôܻ᲻ˮһЩôܶϵĳҪȥ£˵ᱻ󵼡
ƾ⻰˵꣬æסԼ죬СĿ˾ı顣Լ̫ͷ϶ҿԣҪԲ񣬹ܱݺݼһʣ
ҵһƾΪĬӣԼҲʮżæܵ¥׼ֽͱʣҪƾ֣ҾԼ
ԼҲףҽ߲ҽ߲㣬¸Լ֣ңĶҲһ׼
ƾ⻰˵꣬뻹֣ѪǱ˭͵ġ
ƾ̾˿Сĵ˾䣺ˡ
УŵĻĹػأƾҲżɣֻƾαװһûƤûûûεģαװԼʵ˭Ҫϸ塣
֮ƾûֱӶϾ֣ǰֽøҿ󿪿ڵʽΪ֣ԭزΪһսΪ׸ҲǵһԤʾѰûнһ仰ƣΪף¡
£뵭ͷƾŽ˵ʱΪʧѪ꣬ͬʱʱΪʱ빬ոҲΪ׼ȷʸߣһ빬ạ̊́û£ͬʱѪꡣ̹ɸ֣ͥ˽׸＾빬ӢǴ״̬ҲΪţٹͬʱ˵˸
˵⣬ƾ΢΢ͣ٣ֽŵֵ˴˲һˣǬǺϡ˵Ѫ걻͵ˡĹλڼĹ˵͵֮ˣһֱߵˡ͵˵״͵֮ˣǬΪ˵Ԥıټ֮ߣƻˣαװƭ
Ȼƾž˵ô࣬˵ĶҺ;ﶼзɲȷˣҺ;Ĳ
ʱľ룬ĵģƾôϻһ䣺͵֮˵
͵֮ˣӦǽΪݣƤף߳ϸݣ۽³һ룬ˡټ֮ߣഺнΪ֮ˡ
˵⻰ƾһ䣺ôоŮӵ죬ǲǰ
ƾ͵صɴ˫ۣңòǡ
ͷ̾˿
ƾľ֣ϳ󣬺Ҷϳһ
ɼһǲţ͵ѪˣѪŮһ˾ϲ⣬ѪŮǵעô죿
ɵãҺƾĿٴζۼ˾ϣɴʱľ룬˵Ŀ£л¶ȴϢ͡
Ŀڣ˾䣺㣬͵֮ˣģ
ƾٵ˸ֲ֣ȴԾҡͷ˵ֺҡ
֮󣬾û˵ǽɳϵֻ𣬸Ǹ뷢һš
Դȥ뷢ʲôκξЩԶҸ
󣬶˿㿪ֻһţһݡ
˼
˵⻰ʱ򣬾ܵҸôã֪ŭǰ׵Ļܾþǲ̫ĺƢ
ֲ֪绰ͷʲôţ֮Ҳ绰ͷôظģֱӰֻ˦ңҰ
СĽöӿڴͳ˾Уӹɲǣȴ¥˷䡣
ֱӰʧҵǰСĵ㿪ֻĶš
㿪ŵͬʱǸٴηһš
벻ǣţǿյģŶûС
ɵ绰ͷһصĶȴǣʱ䡣
ѹ־뿴ţ˵˼
в룬вɲ˼
ڶǸǷһַԽұԽǾ֣ΪԴҲ¼ߵˣ˵˺ܶĻ֮⣬ȴû˵ԼĿġ
һֱڿӣ뿴
һַæֻøƾƾַǸȥ𣿡
ƾȴûشҵ⣬ѪŮ顣
ҴԵİѪŮ£ԳǴ֮ʧ˵һ飬ƾԳǿɿȴڣʵͬ⡣
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ȴǼΪŵġ
û뵽ƾΣȻԳ˵ҾãβǹԳǲ֡
ǻ˭ʡ
䣬ƾĪЦЦûٺ˵
ȴʱһ·¥ﻹ˼ҵĴ£Ҹһȥ
ٽµӦǲ̫ģƫƫĳ棬ڳܸܵһ쬵ζ
ʱҰֻĶøûӦͲµˣ˻ַᷢһ
֪ΪʲôԴӾ֮ҵȻżɱ֮ǰȴǰ˲١
·ΣյʱֻҪ֣ܸҵİȫУ֪ԡ
ڵϻʻ˺þã·˺ü⣬ɵõȴǳĬ
ƽͻƵر˵ƾʱ򣬶ĬֱһɲƾҴ


254 ֻ
ˡƾڡ
æ˿⣬ȴĳѾʻ˽Χڵģ·ƶûС
Χտı˵ˣһСľݶûУֱӿ˻ĽҰ룡
򿪳šֱ˳³ͬʱҺƾһϡ
ɾ³ͬʱһֻʱ˿æֻ㿪һȴǸٴηһš
ǼǰߡǰƬС֣ߵһӱߣҴϴ
һţæֻø˾ƾЩŵ˾䣺ô죿
˵ߡ
뵭ڣû䡣һң߽ǰƬӡ
ƾֵ磬ǰ棬Сĵ㡣˵Щаš
ƾ⻰˵Ĳ١ЩаţرҲŸ̤ӣԾʹŮӵĿиЩ˼Ƥ
ԽߣΧ̾͸࣬ǰ·;ڣôȴ̾Ӻζ
ɶԵǸȴԽԽԽԽ
ϵԲ¹˿򲻽Ƭ֮У̧ͷɲǣŵȽһһҪǾңҶֱˤڵذˡ
ͷͷ
һŵĿڣŵɫɷײѣƾһģ˾䣺׳աҲ̧ͷɾƾ̧ͷɲǣɫҲ˲俪ʼ԰ס
ƬСľʮïʢҲúܸߣϹŵģȴǹʵͷ
һſͷǱˢƵģɷײѣ촽ķ·ܵµεѪټ˫ֻ۰û˫ĿǾ㤵ĲС
ǲǵĿ⣬Щͷ϶ʱ˸ʽЦЩЦƵģһǶԲϻ
һƬڣɽҰ֮УǽһճеĹֿ¡
ҵ֣еĿ־˲ɢ˴룬־ҲǱĵˡ
ϳͷģ
Ҳ֪Сֶ೤ԽߣΧĿԽͣ͵ÿ߼·̲ס¡
ڣһƬ֮ûʲôֵֹ飬ϵЩͷҲھ㤰ˡ
ǲ߳ӣǰһʵСϪӣӱ߻˸ʽĻ䣬භɷǺÿ
СϪԼĪ׿ȴΪҹɫ̫ڣж೤ӰͣһҴֻվںӰߣһۣ̲סʵҪǶ˵ϴ𣿡
˵⻰ʱĵģһӶô죬ҪҴ뵽ĵطô죿
ҸµǺò׾ۼӻǵöѪ£ǿô죿
ûشңƾȴֱңΧһȦС˾룺ûеϤ
뵭ĵͷҿĽȴЩɻ
ôĵطǾȻϤѵǰ
ʱȴǻʵңҴֻƾڴͷľֵֻ磬þСĵ㡣
ҴֻССˣЩҡҡλΣ³˲٣ԽұԽЩģײ֪ж⴬ֻҪǿһȻ³ˣôѽ
ͷŴԺ⴬ֻȻˣǱ˲ٿƵģˮ
ˮҶͷϵӦˮУһле൱
رǿڰߵЩ䣬ܵ¹ӦƵģǿĽޱȣһɹɻ˱ǶƢ
ұڴ룬ǰо룬ƾΧޱȵĳ浹Ҳ̫£ֻǾһӵͷǿЩİˡ
ֱֻƬӣҲС˾䣺ղôô֣Ϊʲôͷ᳤ϣ
ƾȴңûϻϻǧǰѾղƬŵģȫǺϻ
ҡҡͷ˵ûʱȴƾĻҽһӵĺϻ
ϻֵΪɢһ㣬˲þľԸӶõ£нϣϻǼϲȴΪʮаţټԸõİ¸ˣӡὫԸ֮˲ʳӶµľԸ֮˵ͷ­Ϊʵаޱȣ󱻸ħԨ
һľ󱻸ħԨжʱһҴòǴħɣ
ƾ;һ޵ǿ׳յĿһۣƾڶ˵˾䣺ħͱӡ˲֪꣬ȥȳء
һȴʮ֣ħĺϻô˼䣿
ңħԨĶ
ѵ˵͵öѪˣħˣޣɫ˴֮һɵ£
ɾ˼ȥ벻һɲǣһιҾȻҹĴֻٵںٶȿľһٶʮĳӣЩΧľ
־⴬ֻٶô죬ȻûĿĵϣ
Ȼֻһɲ⧲ײ˾ĺ󱳣۵Ŀһ壬Ƚ۾Դʱȴ⴬ֱֻƮ˴󺣣Χĺ𣬿ﻹ̵ĺˮζ
ɺϵһУȴĲ̫رҽͷŤȫһ飬ȴûκܿĵطҴֻڴ·Ƶģڴʡ
ϸ˲ǰ·ȫڣССĺˣǽֻĲ϶θֱ
Ҳ֪ںƮ˶ãұ⺣˶Ҳ̲סþ뷢Ÿ뿴


255 յĻ֮
ֱӰֻøңһӹֻ뷢һţ㵽
һصģȴһͼƬ
ͼƬϵѪ꣬˻֮УԱ߻иʽķ;ġԱ߻һѪͼֻŴס
ŴԱߣһе̩ͯĶ
һͼƬֱӰֻø˾룬뿴˫͵һϢֹסðɱ
ұɱЩƾȴʱҰֻͼƬƾ˾䣺ѾвɣǶˣͼвǣ
û˵ƾȴЦЦµ¶š
뷢ͼƬɲǸʾһвǣǹԹԵġ
һڸǣҪǲܻҵĺӻٴδ顣
һ֡ǸǡҵĺС
˭ôĻֻпߵˣ
ɼȴҲ侲ڸʱҪͷˣ£Ͳˡ
µķȻǳ˾ƾ㣬Ͼ˭벻ȻǵĺҪЮ
벻ĻΪıôã
ɾһϢվɲǣ͵ش󸡶һβ͵شӺ͵ںһ㽫˵Ҵ
ΧһƬڣڵλĺϣټĶ֣ɼҵ־֢ҲҵĵһĨҪĳ嶯
СģطеŹ֡
ƾȻ𣬻һذ׷ҵС
ذ׵ĴʮֱҲûסذס
˵Ҳ֣һֻβҡ֮󣬱ûϢƾˮﶪ̽ⲻټ
ֱٶֿʼӣֻ͵һʯϿ֮ڣŻͣ⴬ֻܸӦƵģϿڴÿҪײʯʱ򣬻ԾıܿΧʯһ
ԴӽϿȣ⺣ˮɫȴּˣںϵʱ򣬺ˮǳɫģɽϿȣˮȴīīڵģʲôڵ°ѺˮȾƵġ
һֻ֣ȥˮƾȴһסҵ֣˵طаţЩܲմϾͱմϣŴҵͷ
̧ͷϿʲôʱƾȴһѹҵԴСġѿڶɲǣҶԾ˼˻˻˻˻еӵ
ֱǡ顱ˮ֮ƾɿҵԴɿԴɲǣ͵ƾеֵͲ̧ͷ
Ҳ̧ͷȴϿΧľŵ̲סʿˮ
Ҫǳּʬ壬һЩǻûʲô飬Ҳô£
ʯϣ±ϣţſŴСС㼸ʮϸ˵Ҳ׳ȴֵ֣ľˮͰô֣ʮʮ׳
ǵĴֻԽϿƮȥ̽ԴԽֱü׸ߣӸµĶǵķ򣬰ŵɫˡ
Ⱳӣ˹ʬ֮⣬µľֱֺµˡ
ҪΪڵĵطǰ·;δ֪ܰﵱɡ԰ˡ
̾һŵĹΧһУʲô۵ֱӳ
ǿкƵģȻһֻ֣һѱ㽫ҵֽסһе
žôһɾʱǰĺȻ͵𡰻һһɺˮֱӴҵͷ£ҵ۾
ûɾ۽ۣȴƾ
ҲĻͷһƾȴһ룬ֱӶԭأǴƾпʲôµĶ˳ƾĿ⣬תͷ
ǰһֻ״ֵͷһ˫ȺĿǵλá
ߵĻһƬڣ滹˼ӲޱȵƬֻ߾ж೤Ҳ֪¶ȴѾжʮ׸ˡ
ֵǣԽߣԽ߳Щֱ֣ƾĿУȻѳһ֡
ԡ
ű𾪵ĲУѵ˵ղĺˮģǰֻߣǴ˵е
ٰĿתܣȴǰɢޱȵȺʱƵģ볯ֻԹݡ
Ҳ֪⻹⣬µֻֻڼһɲǣ⼱ٵĺˮȵͣԭأԼĪʮʮ׵λá
ôԣ
СƾĿȴ˾ϣȴ뾹ĿתĿǰֻԣ·ںӣ۵̺żϷ档
Ҳ֪ƾĻһ䣬۵׺һżʣġ
˵͵Ѫˣ벻ǿ㵽ǰҪĻŪôֵֹĶ
Ҳһ䣬ƾȴĻش˭֪أ
ۿƾҲʲʲôֻ̾գĿתؾϣȴɺֻĿתĶţ˵ЩʲôһֻȻ˿ջĸ顣
ֻǳſŭһĿʮֱꡣ
СĽֻ㿪ȴǸ뷢Ķš
ǲǵ֮ϿȣǣûֻҪǼĻֻߵǻȡѪĳ롣
һţʱĲֻˮˣ
ģ͵Ѫǰˣ
һֱ˵ԼǸļƻߣֱҪĶˣ˵ĿģŪǽѣ
Ҫ֪һģ߶ɽ
һֻܻôȡߵ


256 ƾ
ôƾһ䣺ǲַŸˣ
ҵͷ˵ǣֻƾƾһϵļˣĵ˾䣺Ҵ֪˭ˡ
һæʵ˭
ƾȴЦЦû˵ȴûĻţǺȻҡҡλεĴֻվһȻ̤һֻŲ˺ϡ
ΪֻҪˮеɲǡȴ뾹Ȼȵ˺ϣ°ˮնûմֱ⺣
롭
СĺһȴͷЦЦЦůƵģůġ
ȴֻһȥҼٶʱЩģȴ𾪵ĲУûţѵ֪ˡ͵ѪҪľߵ
ֻߡʶֻ
žԽԽԶһĶʱ뿪ں룬ȴЩģɵûعͷƾȴƾҿ֮ǰֱӺ˵˾䣺뻹Ҫǵ𣿡
̾˿ĵһ԰뻹Ҫǵ
ôǿ˾ϵƹߣǺһȼˣ˭Σ
ɼ֪Щһǵġ
ϾֻеĶȴҵǰҾǰڲĴ߲Ҳܰˡ
žֻԽԽұԽܸܵΧŵЩߵдż־裬Һ;룬ƾĿ⣬ʱܳƵģʱʱſвǡ
һⳡиǲȡߵˣ
Ȳ˵ֻӴޱȣһƬܶĺ԰ɣ˵ΧȺ߾㹻˵ˣֻ߹ƶܰ
ˣƸȺӶ
ԼĪߵ˾׵ľ룬ȻͣĺֻӣӵĿΪĺƵġ
ɾĻȴ𾪵ĲУ
Լңã
Ȼ
ڽϿ֮ǰ˵ֻ¶β͵ʱ򣬾֪Ļ֮˵Ŀġ
ߵ
˵֪ߵж󣬿ô˵Ǵ˵еĶһطǱóȥƶܻü׷ˡ
˵⻰ʱᣬƽǿޱȵϢȴ˿
˾Ȼҵ棬˵ôĻҡ
ڱ˵ϳ棡
뻰䣬͵شһǿҵ˻ŭֱӴһ͵سžȥΧ߸ǲʾ뽫ĿⶢҺƾϡ
ߣ
ʱ𣬶µĴֻҲʱ͵Ťһͷٵں϶
⴬ֻ߿죿
ʯϵһȫ͵ؾͳ⴬ֻ׷ϿϵȴΪţֱӴϿϵʯ£еС֮ϡ
ܶǽϵߣܶǰʯߣȴ㲻ͶõȺ
ɲǼ䣬ӴֿµȺ˲佫ҺƾΧһ𣬶һԼô߾ۼҵԣʱҶĵĻƤðʲôܼ־֢־֢ӿҵԺ֮С
뵽˺һӰ
֣֮
֮ߣûҼôֲ
ҺƾûЩҲûȫĿӡ
ҽŵбۣСƾô죿
ƾȴû˵æͷ뿴ȴһסҵԴ
Сȴһ
󲻶ϴִˮʱȻǾѾǰĺԴһ
ԽұԽǲҪǴĹЩȺãҪǴ򲻹ӲˣҺƾ˲ǸϺ
ҺƾȻȺȺ㲻ҲĶ˺þãֱɫЩҪסˣȵĶȺЦЦ
Ҳ߶ʮһȺĶ˻ЦĶȺ˵˾䣺λ߸磬ߵܣ߽㣬áվҲͦ۵Ķ԰ɣȻǻǸղŴĵطúЪЪ£
ҵĻ䣬ȻꡱһȻСȴóƾЦˣ
ұЦ϶ʱЩҲסݺݵĻͷһۣʮ˴һ顣
ߣЦҳİ취б
Ҷݺݵĸƾһ飬ȴһıңЦľֱҪƵģɤӣǰȺ˾䡣
λ˧ţҪʲôҪʲôֻҪԸˣСһ߾ȫЧǡ
ҼƾղЦģΪƾʲôע⣬û뵽Ȼ˸ҸõģʱҶЦУ㶼Цˣ
æƾ˸񿴰׳Ƶı飬ƾͨ졣
ȻǺȺֵܻ߳ôĶûãûûлߵߣͨߣ˻
ɲǼ䣬Һƾһۣе뷨һ£ȻĲУֻӲˣ
ƵģӴϻվ⺣ϵķ˺ܴ󣬴Ĵֻбһûվˤȥ
վɲǣԵĸܵȺеľһ㣬ŵҲ֮ǰֱ˲١
ʿˮЩţĳ˲ٺƾȴСҶң֮ǰذ׻ڰɣ
ҵĵ˵ͷƾȴȻһǾϣ
µ˲䣬ƾ͵ػûһѳµĴֻΪ㣬һͷԾס
ɲǣȺȺҲˣ볯ƾǰվŵλãҲŵλѪŵȽֱˡ
ƾڿң
ۿȺߵĴҪҧϵɲǡ


257 
͵رһֻĴָͷһƾҶʱһ
ɾʱƾȴҵѵˮµĴϿһԾֱӴϿȵĶˡ
ϿµȺҪ׷ǡȴƾ˦ԶԶֱ˵ءҪͷɲǣȴ͵顱һ죬·ضɽҡҡβֹ
ǽµ·Ǳҡεĸ޷վƾȴʱң͵سǰȥ
ʱҲŷ֣λõһһһ˸Ӳݵӣڣʱʽɳɳ·мֻڵǡ
ƾٶȺܿ졣ۿҪӳƬطһԵȴ͵һֻˮͰֵľֱȥ·
ֻ۾ɺޱȣѪڵʱ򣬿иǴŵĸζȳζ
һ͵ϮԲϴ顱ûһͷƾȴһһ飬һûվȣȥڵϹ˺üȦͣ£ɴʱֻȴֱǰϿµȺƺҲʱϿټǰڵߡ
ҺƾɲǼ㱻Ⱥ߰Χһ
ˣ
ҽŵĴӵƾȴ͵شӿڴͳһӲӵķ͵̤п
һƾɵò첻ѣѵ˵ҵĶ߶ˣ
ͷŴԺȴ͵شƾѳɲǼеƿʼһ״Ʋ£ԵĵĿӿݡ
ȴûһףߵϣѵƾĲ׼˵ƾˮ˺Ⱥߣ
һ£ȺĴɢƾǽյ͵ҳ汼ȥһ߱һҽҵذףҪȺϱ飬ݺݵͱȥɼȴǲһ䣬˵Ҫ
ƾΪʲô
ȴûشң˵뿪һȡߵ
׵ܵסȺһʱȴסһеһָһԵȺ͵ؾʹ
ҶʱЩţذ׵ﶼ˺ˮʱһֻСٶȺȻӿ죬ܵǰ棬ۿžҪ׷ذȴ͵𡪡
ôǽ˼֮
ɶ
һ룬͵ֱӳźͷһЩ׷ʱĻ˺Զ
ҲŸһеȴٴηһѪֵĴڲէ˳ʶĻͷȴֻһͻžȥĻ桭
ҼĶʱЩţҪͷȴƾݺһסǷǳ᲻ƵģӿڴһСľƣСֹ˾䣺ǰܸˣ
µɲǣƾ͵ؽľ飬˲䣬ܵٶȴӿ˲ֹɲǼ˺Ⱥľ룬ֱ˰ȫشһһһƬİĻߣ̲סƾʲôط
ƾ˵Ҳ֪ҰֻóǸ뻹ûиҷš
һ⻰æֻӿڴͳһ㿪㿴һԼĪʮǰĶš
֮ǰߵȡҲ֪һ
һţʱĶըˣֻøƾƾȴңûоĻֺһˣ
ҵ˵ͷҡҡͷ˾䣺Ҿòһˣܶˣ˴ޣɫж
ƾš˵ùԳҲж
һʱĲУƾô᣿Գڿҵˣվߵġ
ƾȴңô״ҵĻɣ
УȻһ𰸡
״ҵĻɣǾǽߣΪߵˣҶľȻͽˡ
Ҳ˼ĵɴ˫ۣһƾʵѵǹԳǸɵģ
ƾĪҡҡͷ˵һɵģ㲻ɵģҲһ
Ļƾû˵ȴһڸҡ
ԳָѪŮɣ
ѵ˵ѪŮǱԳǹߵģ
ô룬ôЩԾԲȥЩǾĺƾȴĹ
Ⱦ룬ٻЩĵģϾȺô࣬ʵҲߵ൱ߵ࣬һߵȡˣߵûˣҪȡߵ͵ɱ߰
ʱһһĹȥʱתԽ죬ԽûұԽЩģӶһֻʳ벷㿴ļˡ
ھɫ֮ǰǰ
¸ɾһȾǷž򶷵ˣУȴץһöѪܵߵ·ڷ̡
һģʱʿˮɱˣ
⻰մӿʳȴԼڰʡ
ղȺ׷Һƾʱƾұ˵Ҫˣôܻɱֻ
ɲɱĻߵô죿
ģû뻹ûشңƾȴȻ죬Ӷ˸ӽеߵӹ˺֮С
ƾҸǸ뷢һ˵ߵȡˡ
֮ȴ̲ס棬ʾ룺ֻûߵôȡģ
ȴһ䣺Ұ
һûƾȴҽ˵Ȼ˽˽٣һ֣ȴ뻯ԶһҪǲ۵˼˵ߣ;Բܻ
˼ǣее˼˵ĻͻһЩԽ֮ʱˣһ
Ϊ߷ǻԼΪģһøее˷ףοǾʮ־ݣ
˵Ǻ˽ף÷ߵ𣿡ҿһƾʵ


258 ˮܶ
ƾͷ˵鶼дģɱմȾһ
ߵҪôĸԸԼø㣬ֻǿӶᡣ
Ȼ߳ú񣬿Ѿһ֣ߵҲû˺ˡ
ЩرԼΪΪܸоһһõȦף
ѪҪЮǵˡһ治õߵһ滹Ϊɣ
ɾʱֻͷȴһţǲϿȵ棿
һţʱپ裬ܸоԾҳ֮ǵһһУһһƶڱ˵ƿ֮У
ҽֻø˾ƾô죿ȴһš
󣬸뷢˸֣ԡ
Ϸһ˵ǳǰףһϻ֮ҹտһʯ壬ߵȷǱߡȻڳǰ߽һѨҡ
һţʱһ䣺ҪҰߵʯϣߵȡˣַҸô죿
˭ϣ뾹ȻҾ䣺ĸҷѽ
УԵ٩֮⣬ôôЩŤЩʲôƾȴֻ˹ȥٵı༭һߵȸ㣬һֽǮһֽˡ
ƾŸշȥʯƵģþòţɵҿһ۾룬С䣺ô죿
û˵ƾֻ󲦴롣
Ȼÿ˵Ҳû¶ʲô飬һ㲻ͷϢû¶Һһôʱ䣬һϸ΢ĲҶ֪һ
Ȼûб¶ʵͱĲ˰ɣ
ȴ֣Լûȴ˸оκ鶼ǳеˣرܸ˰ȫеˡ
û뵽ǣβ绰ȴ֮ǰǰ㲻ڷ֮󣬵绰˽ͨˡ
뿪ᣬɵ绰֮ͨ˫ȴû˵һ绰˽ͨһĸǱᵽ˹޲õ绰ͷ˵ҿ˭ڱˣҡ
ʱһһĹȥ˫ԼĪ˵ӵʱ䣬ſڣȴû˭Ҳûߵ飬Ѫ갲Ȼɣ
绰ͷһвŮšһûġ
ѽСƢһĶðѲ˵ѵ绰ͷ˸˶
ôʲôʱˣԼذ
绰ͷˡšһȴûģֻû˵κһ仰
绰ͷҪЮǵˣһⳡȴҲסˣ˾䣺ߵʯϣ̸
˵⻰ʱ˵ʮֿƾЩȥˣ
ҺƾôӦ仰ɲǣȴһ˫΢䣬¶һǡʹħЦݣ˾䣺á
֮󻹲ȵ绰ͷ˷ӦֱӰѵ绰ˣ
žòˮĶȻˬ˾䣺Ư
ǣ˵һǰףߵϻǰߣһʯ壬ߵʯϼǰߡ
Ѫ֮ʱᡰżȻ¶ֱŭʱɫĪԴ⣬ԽԽĵƣʵ뷨
ò˵;վͬһӪϺˬһ˻㰲źȫֵĸо
ҪǺ;վڶλãܱĺܲң޷£һӣȥ
ƾ˾һϵжҲûӦʱʱͷʯϵߵﻹ۵ϧѡ
ߵǸƾʱôǡ
ߵ˶⣬춼ʼˣһĵжʱϯٶ֮죬ŪҶЩмܲס
ˣʱȻСĿڣһ䡣
üͷҡҡף̫뵣ģ˵ûУֻЩۻ軨
ɾȴЦһ§ңǿнĻУҵĶԣС˵˾䣺ҶǺӵˣһ
仰ᣬܵȴëȻ
£ѪǶң⻰ȴо٣
ƾվһԣͣǵеʮصĹâעﻹŰòõúûˣ
ҴӾĻ̽ԴĶ˵˾䣺ã
дżֺЦҲ֪ǲǾ˵Ǿ䣺ҶǺӵˣһ֮ʱ˲١
ѨΧ˹ĺۼò߽ѨȴһӴָӵܶ
ܶıڣʽɫˮǶǣʮƯ
ô˵ҲǼ˲١ˡ͵ˣһǵһΣϾȻܶܳôرġ
رܶڵˮĶӦҵˣ
µĵ棬ǲˮҪЩߺ͵·ΪܶҲ˹ġ
ܶڣΪرģǴһЩСɢĹâûκεƹ䣬ĹâȴⱲӼĹ⻹Ҫÿ
ҲôѰңȴҲâĵ㾿ںδ
ܶ£ټǰ·ӣʻĺһϵײ飬ȱһɵĿһ𣬶ʱڣı˴Ŀܣ
ԼãĻ̴жã
ֱҺ;뻹ƾ콫ܶ߱ˣȴûĻ֮˳֡
æֻͳ뷢ţȴյҷһš
ѪⶴڣԼȥҰɣ
ĩˣͶ֣


259 ͽ
֪ΪʲôԽ˵磬Խú͹ԳЩƣҿӣǵĻ֮ˣǲˣ
áѪ𣿡ƾȻڣ˾롣
ȴƤЦⲻЦĻ˾䣺˭֪أ
䡣ȴⶴڿƾȴǲӵһ䣺ôװѶǣ簡
Ȼ
ʶĻ֮˵αװȴĬ˭˭˵˳Ļ֮˵Ҫ󣬻ǡ졣
ȴҲǡǡӳһ仰֮壬һжˣڵһаɣ
̸ܴܶףɾƾ˾ƵģһһЩĻ⣬һϸϸĲ鿴еһС
ȻԴһžǱ鱻ͷȴŮӵĿ
ʮɭ˻µë׶
һµľԶʱ˲٣ȴڻͷɲǣ˶ֱԭأ
ʧѾõѪŮȻǰһ͹ˮ֮ϣĿУһֻСϣö˻ҶϵõѪ꣡
ԣǱڷһȦȫʮá
æ̤һֻţȥȴʲôϽ˻
⶯ǾѪŮ͵̧ͷһۣ۵˸Ứ֧֧˵һ仰
ܴпڿҵʱĵһ
ԽԽǾЩ֣ѵѪŮ밲߶ȡ͵Ѫ
ѵǰĲ²ѪŮǱĻ˵ɵݺģ
ɲҶ룬ƾѾˣǰСĵԽȦ򣬽ѪŮеС£֮ô
дżɻװĺǰ϶ѪѪŮ͵ǾָƵģֱǰԱͷŶ
ƾĻһ䣬ѪŮȴûлشǽĿҵϣȻֻҡ
̧ųƾķ˹ȥҲߵǰȴСĳ˵Բңûã˹ԳǵļȥȴԳãÿζ鷳
˵ԱҲŮҴﵽȴǸүǵԸŮ˿ˣһѪŮ޳æǰɰȦ߳ȴ͵ط֣ҿԳѪŮȴ
ȦȻƵģѪŮ档
Ҷʱ첻ѣͷһ۾ƾȴ˴ʱı飬һģӿ̳Ƶģޱ飡
ȦﰲѪŮþãո˵Գ㣬ǹԳǰ
ͷ˵ǹԳǰģȴ֪
һ䣺֪Ѫô㲱ϵ𣿡
⻰մҿһԵĴѪŮУ˼ֵӣǷɤĺ˵˾䣺ҡҲ֪ұԳװһƿٱųʱˡ
㱻ˣԳ𣿡ҽʵѪŮȴǲҡͷ˵ǲˣһޱʱĲҽУϵԼԴ
˵ǰҼڿ޵ʱ򣬻ǱƣƾǸֶ͵ѪǱԩġ
һģôǱ˰ƣѪŪߵˣ
һֱԳǣĽմȾϣЩ⡣
Գǵ˭˭ˣȻڱͱӣ
ѯЩԴ򿴿ܲܰѪŮȴ֣аƵģô𣬶һԽԽʢ
һʱЩԾ˺üΣֱоյĶдĴָˣգʾƾô죿
뵹ûлشңƾЦĶ˵ѪܲŪ
ˣѪѪŮĲȡ£ѪеһɲǣҾȻ޵
ѪŵҵĺӣҺ;ĺӣ
رҿѪֳ︡ССӤģǻѣᣬ·𼴽Ҫ¡
̧֣Ѫø뿴˵Һĺӡ
ȴܹѪȴ޷뿪ȦȦȦγһȻϣȦеһУԭأˣĽȦĶȴã
ҶʱԭأɾʱҵֻȴˣǸָҷһţ
ҿţֱӶҪ˳
ƾһŻ֮ѪŮĻˣˣ
ǼҿŽԭأѪŮЩԾǲǹԳǸҷ˶ţʲô
εЦЦ˵ûʲôæֻһգջ˿ڴ
Ȳ˵ѪŮûңһ
˱ۣҽѪŻѪŮУȵȣܳȦȦߵ˾ƾԣֻø
󣬺ȻЦЦƾֱ˿ңҵ˾䣺Ȼ֪ôˣôȥ
һôֻӣʱĲһûֱ˦ˡ
ݺݵһС˾䣺ûİ취𣿡
˭ϣƾȴЦĻһ䣺С
ֵ˼Ҷôˣ㲻ǲ̫ˣ
һӲıұؿڣֻûƾˣ
ֻſԸҿ𣿡
ʱѪŮȻڣдżڴмСҿľ衣
ŲǹԳǷġ
ĲĻѪŮһصȦȴʱסҡ


260 ѪŮ
԰Ѫ궪ܴܲȦ
ҵɲǣĶѪŮڣ˭ϣѪŮһ⻰䣬¶ſڡ˵ʲôֹ
ѪŮ⸱ģ롰šüͷ٬¶ֳŪЦ⡣
һѪŪô죿
һ룬ѪŮĿڵ˵⻰ʱϵڣˣƤЦⲻЦļ˾䣺û£һѪѡԶ
ѪŮû뵽ô沿ֹסĳ鴤˺þã˿ˮӣݺݵһѪ곯ݺһס׳ĻȴǡȦڳ
ôԵĶɵӶܿͼҵģǳˡ
ҶѪŮô˵ҲһȶԼԴණڣڣȴô׵ĸңҵˡ
ǣ˰Եˣ
ô죿
ȻѪŮݼ˵⻰ʱ촽ֹסڷ󣬼ġǺǡЦƲǰסҵǰû£㶪Կܲܶĳ
ϵɲǣѪŮɫ˲佩ԭأҲ֪ҪʲôǾ͵ں˺ˣֻĿ߽Ȧ
ʮϧĽѪӵϼ𣬷ڴǣžķһףɾ׶˲䣬ȦγһȻƵģֱӽѪ谭棡
ѵ˵ֻѪŮܽѪȦ
ĵ״żֲ죬˾һۣȴ뵭ҵ˵ͷ˼ǳԡ
ҿԿ϶ƾ;취ԽȦ󷨸ˣȴûΪ֪ѪŮѾҵˣһǱ˰ߵˡ
ȻˣôܻȦ
Ҫôе֮𣬽ѪŮյĻɢҪôѪŮȽѪ궪Ȧ
ҪѪŮԸѪ꽻˵Ļ֣ȥһҪôԸĻ
ƾǸҲǶôϧˡ
֮û֣ǿҵϣڸѪŮᡣ
ֱֲӴѪŮɵãֻĵȰ˵ѪŮѪ궪Ȧ
ô˵Ķð֢ĻƵģġ
ʱˣƾǳױĥˣҲҵӣֱ̧ͷǼޱȵĿ⣬ѪŮ½ԼѪŪǶ֣
½ѪŮ֣ѪŮȫѾܾû˽йˣƾȻһѪŮŵɫˡ
εĳ˳ǣ˸Цƾ⻰ʲô˼ҲҶ
ǺǡЦƾĿѳһĪѹȸУƾðӿڴ˿һģһߵȦǰ棬ѪŮϵɣ
һƾģȻ֪Ҫ˺Ƥˣ
谭ȴֱ˦һĿұ죬һ֣һ֣ĴѳҪû´Ļ֮аȻȫöѪ꣬ҪѪ궪ȦֱˣᱻٵĻɢ԰ɣ
ѪŮɫ䣬ȴû˵ȻǱƾ࣡
ƾЦŽŵ˾䣺ãյۣǵ֮𣿡
˵⻰ʱİ˰ڣģǷĲУ
ɾƾµɲǣҵǱ͵һһѷޱȵĵУֱӼҵĲϡ
䴥ϯҲɲǣҲ˼Ļͷһ˫۳죬ĿҹѪŮ
㣿
ҲŵĿڵѪŮȴ۵׸𵭵⣬˵ĿԲҲ
˵ģʱңõ˲ϣܾвȴ㲻£ҪѪŮӳĻɢǾͶ顣
ϾڿǼ֮ˣ
ȴôΪΪ֮ǰѪŮദ⣬ΪѪŮ֮ǰкܶɱңȴûôҲ˵ˡ
ȴʧޱȣʱѪŮȴûҲӵĵз˼ֱ֣ӽҲӻһѪۡ
Ѫ۵ɲǣеɱܳˣ
ƾϵҲڡ
ûж֣ǵĿ⣬ȫۼҵϣ֪ҵѡ
ȴĲ֪Ҹô죡
ֱӵ֮ѪŮոɢô죿
˱ۣε̾һ΢΢תͷѪŮӣ½㵽Ǳ˰ߵģǱвģǿ԰㡣
ЦѪŮѳЦļ񣬿и˾䣺ңʲôңѾû˿԰ˡ
˵⻰ʱ۵׵įޱȣɿڷȴʵĲУôʣǲ˵˭ָʾ
ģǿȵģҲ˴ε˭ٿص˵֮һҲ̲ȥ͵ؾʹĽѳֱӷ뽫ƷȴҶֵɲǣ͵ؽƳȦ
ûҷӦԺȻžડһʲôҵĽűߣʶĵͷһȴöѪ꾹ѪŮֱӶȦ
ô£Ҳ̧ͷʾƾȴǵڻ档
ɲǼ䣬͵ػͷȴȦȦĻȫܵѪŮϣ䣬ѪŮѾճ˻ˡ
Уżֵħȼž
ѪŮճɻҽɲǣһСĶԲ𣬴ӿдҵĶԡ
ô룬Ҷ벻ѪŮȻķʽԼ
ǲ


261 ʦ
ѪŮҷ֮ԭֻӣȻ𡰿ꡱꡱħȾޱȣֻɲǣһɫǴסѳڿ˼£顣
Ҽⳡֹסĳ鴤
ѪŮ֮ѡԷ١Ϊɣ
ҪѪŮǱģֱӽҵϡ
ѪŮȻǱ˰ߵˣȴվҵߡ
˱ۣܶ£ǱʲôӲקƵģżʹ
ʵѪŮ˻
ԺȻƾᣬȴż͡
̾˿תⶴȥɷڰ֣ȴԽ߬Խã
Ļҵˣñ֪˭򡣲Ҫƾ֣ҶὫǵƤʣ
뿪ڣȴǰʯϵĺӻڣɺߵȴѾɡ
ҵתһ۾ƾǣҵˣ˭
ƾ˳ǣЦЦչˡ֮û˵
⻰ȴ𾪵ĲУ
չˣ
ѵѪŮ˵ҵˣǹԳ
ҲʮԳûôɵ˵ѪŮֱӸǣֵˣ
ǹ޵Ļһǿˡ
Գǣ׸磡ôˮԼ׸ϣ
Ȼ֪ദķʽ֣һȴֵĲС
ӺܴȴʮּžеѾǰĻˣһϼһ춼û˯ʮƣ룬ڲݵϵĲҲɵ˼֡
Χһжֵʮʡ
ƾӱȡ˿УԹԵĳǰ·߻˵ӵذ
һüͷһǷƵĲУ˵ƾ˿Բ˯ôڲ˯ƶܷڵڳѪˣ
һ˿ܣ̧̧ͷΧϵһУȷûʲô߰ĶԷſģǰߡ
һߣһѪϸϸĹۿ뿴ҵˣѪŮϷҵϣòѪҲֽŰɣ
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ΪƬᷢһЩ벻飬ȴû뵽˾ҹɫĻ֮ǰȫȫ뿪ӡ
СԼĪһСʱǰڳһӣ˸·Сһѯʣȴ֣ǾȻһҹ֮䣬Ŀʮǧ·̣ѵ˵һںƯôã
˼Сõס£һҹΣڶһ磬뿪ƫԶƫԶС˽һɻص
һпôĺгѪ걻˻һֱǱߵвѪŮҲˣԽȴԽЩ֣
ֱ˾ҵɲǣ͵һ£
ӵĻ屻ռѪ֮УҪôѺŪ⺢ǻ壬ô˰
ɵãҽĿת˾ʵһƺҲ£ɵ㶣Ŀתƾ
ƾɫЩΣҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪
ңѪôģ
ѵǲ֪Ҳ˾䣬֮Ѫһʼ˭û˵
ǼѪ֪֮˺ҲûңһֱΪ֪
û뵽ǲ֪ȴװԼʲô֪Ƶģ
ʿˮҵҲ˼ΣҶ֪⺢ѪôŪĻǸô죿
Ѫ˭ģ
ȻҲڣ˺ƾͬ⡣
ɫȻ۵ףȴȻҿĿ⡣
ҿڣ˵ȴ͵ʦ뿪ǰĸұߵˣҪţ
ɵãҲ˵ڵĻڿֹ
ƾ;ģҲֲˣɶû˵æ飬Ȼ˵˵ˡ
Ͼ⺢ӿҵģ
һܴӾеįпǺӵġ
˸յ͵͵Լķ䣬Կ̬ʦһ绰
û뵽ǣ绰Ȼͨˣ
һ绰ֱͨɵԭأֱʦӵ绰ͷŻع

ʦڣҡšȴҸ绰ʲô£
֪ΪʲôһʦһֱңЩ֣֣˵
ʦʦ㻹ǵ֮ǰҵѪ˵ҪԵȥӵĻѪؾۡ
ʦš£˵ǵáѪǲؾҺӵĻ壿
˵ǰʦ屻ؾҸô졣
ʦȴһ䣬ȥɽϵһһӷճɻˮ£֮ÿԼʳָѪѪϣʮ֮ӻػҵڡ
ʦ仰ȴԽԽЩˣʦô𣿡
ʦңѵ㻹бİ취
ʦ˵Щ֣ƽ˵Щ̫һ仰ʱһѹȸС
СĻشһû֮ʦ˼䣬㽫绰Ҷˡ
绰һҶϣܻ˿ȥƾ;롣
֪ɽһ𣿡
ƾһʵ⻰ɫ˲һ䣬ңô֪
һ㶣ʣѵʲô𣿡

ƾҵֻȴȻ


262 
æֻһȴʦĺ뷢Ķţ˵ղˣǧ˵飬Ѫҵ¶Ҳǧ˵
һţʮֻʦġȴӻˡ
ôãʦһ뿪֮ںȻ˸Ƶģ
ʲô˸㷢ĶţǸ𣿡
ƾһ䣬ҡҡͷε˵ǣֻǷѵĶš
Դĳ˳죬ЦЦû˵
ҽתϣôʡƾѾľǲᣬлżֽ
Ȼ
Ҹղ£ˣȴûеơ
ȴĲСϾʦ֡ҲʦҴһһֱػҵʦ
˵ĻҲȥִУҲȥΥ
ô°
ұƾģĶҪץˣһΣΣشҵȴƾǾ롣
һ䣬Ҫ֪ʲôǾԼȥ
仰ļֱŻѪˣ
һǵͳֻٶ˳ɽֵǣڹڷô¼ڰٶȶѵõƫƫȴϢûС
ѵ˵ڳɽɽûȥݻ
ҪûȥݻᣬǶˣĻô鸽棿
ڵңʶѾûм˿ˡ
䲻Գ粻һ⣬˴ͱˣٸǹ޷׽ڶ˽⣬Ҳֻ֪ħħ
ҺȻ뵽һˣǸСӳΰ
ǵʱҴ˲ٰӣɫɱ˵ʱҲǣϡ
ҲôΨһһǣ޹ˣҪҲ飬᲻ᱻǣ
˼ȥһǸῴ˸绰绰ܿ㱻ͨˣ˼䣬֮ұ⡣
Ҳ֪ǲ֮ǰȹʱһ˵Ҫæû˵ֱӦԵȥϢ
Ҷϵ绰ûãֻȴȻˡ
Ҵ绰ˣȻͬɷԳǣ
һ룬Ҳ֪Ǹýӣǲýӣڵ绰ԼĪʮ룬ҪҶϵɲǣҺݺһҧǽˡ
绰һֱͨһ䣺ҵѪŮ𣿡
ҵġšڻɢˡ
䣬ԳȴĬˣҽȡߵѪŮһ飬ѪŮˮ£ȫ˵
Գң˵ģָʹģ
ҡšᳶ˳żּЦ˵һ䣺ƾ˵߻һеģչ˵ģӦûôģԼһУλεĸߴҰɣ
û˵̫ף˼ȴ൱ԣԳǲ
⻰һ˵꣬ȴ˵£Ȱѵ绰ˣڸһص绰ûҷӦ绰㱻Ҷˡ
ԹԳôķӦĻָʹʮа˾ţǹˡ
˳ǣĨޱȵЦ⣬аԵ˾䣺Һ͹ԳǺû
Դʦȥ֮Щ쵹ͣ˲٣Ҳûʲôǰƣ˵ҪڶҴ绰ĹԳǣҲû
ֱῸҴ绰˵鵽ϢһϸС˻
ῸҲЩ࣬绰һʱ˵壬ұԼ˸֮ŽһϽҵ
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ȴشҰʷصģйڳɽĴ˵һЩ׼ˡ
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Щ˼ġš˵֪Ҫʲôϣҵϣȫˡ
ҵᳶ˳Ľϴ򿪿˿¿һ飬ź῵лߣȴȻסң
ҡĻͷһۣʵôˣ
ûû£ĺ𣿡ֻЩ̫˼Ŀڣżֽţشȴֵ˾䣺㡭ҪȥⳤɽҪ֣Ӧÿ԰æ
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˼ңմ򿪼ţƾɵһֻھҵɳϣһĬĬһ鿴еޱȺг
ɡ
ôôƾ˾ҲƵģ
⣬ŮҪˣ
ҿƾ˾䡣
˭ϣƾȻҪֱ׳ĵ˾䣺ʲôôҽļҾҵļңҵĶǽĶŮʲôҪ½ɽҶվΪָɽ
⻰ǰһ仹ãһôԽԽЩ֣мֻζ
ƾ䣬еޱ鵭³һ֡
ƾһɫ˲һ㣬˲ӬʺƵѿĲУæɳ˵ǰȴĿһֱ˻ȥ˵ʲôʲô
ҡ͡ƾҪľٶ֮󣬽˦ƾǰ㲻˵Լܲ顣
ƾ󣬵ûӦһƨ£ϴ˱飬ſʼ
еϺܶ࣬һ˵ӳɽ¾ռģ˵ʮ飬ֱǻɽ֮Ļ
˴곤һЩ˻µ֪飬֮⣬˴඼û
ǵĿУһ֪ʮڣʱһҹ֮䣬Ȼʧˡ


263 Գǵ
ʹʧˣĴ˵ȴڳɽϳţ˶֪ڳɽôһ
Ȼ˵дʮǰʱھͺȻʧˣздһЩ̽հߡڶʱ򣬽볤ɽôһסУڶԼУ֮һӤ
ЩҳĩиССע˵Щм٣̫š
ԽϿꡣԽǳ졣ϰҳȴûһ
ңﻹдȻɽϵĴʮŷλȴһĵĹ涨Ǿκˣ㣬⵽Ǵ
һǻɵĲУǶڸаǹ˵ϺõʳƷûܻйаϲġ
ңȻûĻҲûƬɴӴСȴúЩ
ͨŷɶ̫һаģһ
˵ﳤüͷϵأʮֱֱֻۣϻ۾ңĶӼ󣬾̥ʮƵġ
һʱĵĻƤˣⳤɽĴòǰɣ
Բа񣬾аﰡô죬Ұݣ
ɾ˽¶ȴûʲôãȲ˵ôҲһȥ˵߰ʮǰʧˣҪȥĶҰ
ɵãҽֻ˳ʦһţλãŲŷûеһʱظҵ⣬ңӦû;뻹ƾ˵Щ°ɣ
ҺЩϾԼͺƾȻû˵̫ףƾĵġ
һ˾䣺ûС
ʦŽľλ÷ңһλãĵһ䣺Ǿ塭
֮ʦһ䣺ȥǵԼһȥܴκˣҪӷʱ򣬼ǵóĹݣлӸ㡣
֪ΪʲôԽԽʦǲⰡ
ǰһ䲻ܴκ˵ʱѾˣʦȻҰôġа񡱣һҪҳĹݣлӸң
ôֲûӣӸҸﰡ
ô˵ϱӿóǴŮĹϱӸǾϵ񣬾ŮôϥµĻƽöֵǮ˵͹
Ǽһֱֻţƾæͷת˹Цңָ㷢ŸҪˣ
ҡҡͷ˵ǣԴѪ걻û֮伣ˡ
ƾѣ˾䣺Ͽôˣȥ𣿡
ұǲƾ˵ЩģʦľٶڿҺ
ôֲɵ
ƾ;ɶһֱڰҵˣ˵ˣȥˣ
ɵãҽ¶о˵һ顣
ͬʱһһģһ⣺ȥˣǸѪ𣿡
ҵġšȴżֲȷǲȷʲôԼҲ˵
ҵĻ䣬ƾȻңѪˣδɣ
һʱһ㶣ʶľ˾䣺ô֪
ȴû˵뿪˾ңٶ൱֡
Ҳֱ¥ԭء
ԽԽǾЩ֣ܸоǲôCPˣ
ֱڶ죬ƾʰԼĶ˵һγɽ
һ⻰ٿʰõңʱЩܻط䣬ԼĶʰһ飬ɲŽԼʰ¥ȴ¥¾Ȼվİס
ҪϴŵģǾƾոմŵ·һϲˡ
ݸﰡ
Ҳʵɾƾȴ񿴰׳ƵĿһۣƾһŵĵ˾䣺Сүýָͷ뵽ȥˣһȥѣ
˼൱ԣҪ·ˣҵ
Ϊ˲ɣǺҴȥɽķɻһ
ɾƾǰŲŸߣұӵ˹Գǵĵ绰ԼҼһ档
Һ;뻹ƾķɻСʱʱѾ˻ڹһСʱҲȥˣĻʱ͹ԳǼ氡
ο
ƾߣһԳҪʲôİŪզ졣
Ǽԥε̾˿˵Ҫ¡
һô˵ֻúԼ˻Ŀ档
һʱңҪȥģ
û˵飬ֻǺ˵ȥɽ
ⳤɽҽƵģһᶼܽ񾭣һ£æҹҶ˵绰˵˵
ʮϽһкҪҪˡ
ҲŵĿǵҵĹԳǣһЦźҴк󽫲˵ңʲô
ҵһֱ֭֮⣬ʹԳǣҸ
Գȴң㲻֪Һ͹ޣ˴ʲôϵΪʲôҲħ𣿡
ɫһĿһ۹ԳǣЩ̫š
ѵ˵
ԳҪЩ¶ң
ôǹıߵķ簡ԳǾȻô
̸ʲô
Щ̫ŵʵɹԳȴҡҡͷ˵̸ֻǵ졣
ǡ
֮ǰһֱ˵¶˵ˣ
İɡ
ҵڣɿŹԳǵĿ⣬ȴЩ̫š


264 Գ˵
Ŀ⣬ԳҲû˵ʲôνЦЦ˵ҵãĸֻ˴һˡ
һɫ˲һʵʲô˼˴磿
ԳЦЦͷɲǡ˵˾䣺Ҳȫǡ
⻰һһ˵ĲУ۵׵ɻˣɹԳǰ⻰˵ԽԽǾã˵滰ˡ
滰пݣ˵ԻôѵĿڡ
ȻԳǵɫһ䣬ʮ档˵ҿ𣿡
żҿĿ󣬿֮˺ܾãܾãҲףݿ˵Ǵϵĵط
Ҫҵ飬һ£ֻ˴޲֪顣
Ϊʲô˵ǧҲһֱûס
ûӦԳǣΪԼԼ׿ɲţҲ׳ŵ
ԳǼˣû˵ʲôЦˣЦĨԳĨҿɫ
ӣҺȻЩھΣ˼Ҷˣ϶ˣȴ
ݺݵһ˱ۡʲôҪľҶŹԳһĨʮֲõЦݣšҡ
䣬Գǵ͵𾪣šϲ˫˾䣺𣿡
ҵġšŹԳǴӸճֵһȻڵȥһж˻ףֻʣĵʵ
ĲЩء
ûκ˿š
ʲôżС

Щ
ÿ˶棬һǹĳָңһǲĵֻԼܹ֪ˣᣬҲֻԼȥ˺ۡ
ԳǱ˱۾µֽһ߬·ΪԼңǲǵõʱʹΪʲôҳ˴Ȼ˵Լ
ҵͷ˵ǵá
ԳȴǣǿЦŸң˴ĸƷ
ھתΪˣΪ̫ӵʱ˴˼ģָһĨΪκ̫ӹԳǣ÷Ⱥ;붷һȵԼܹ˼֮ʱҲԵ˽⡣
˴벻ǣĨȻԼǣƿء
ں뽫ĨջأĨԼǶ޿κΣֻܲȡĨΪõİ취
Գ˵⻰ʱٶȼ죬Ƶģȴɵûһŵĵɴ˫ۣС˾䣺ԣ˴Ͷ˼ķԼǣԼ𣿡
ԳǿЦ˵ͷû˵
ҿŹԳģ˵Щʲôȴֹ
ʱԴĺҪǻϢԳǶʱ߰ɣ»˵ĩˣԼСһ㡣
һǾЩ֣Ϊʲô˵Щ
Ҳ˵ֻ뵥ĺ죬ΪʲôԼҲ֪
˵⻰ʱ൱ɣɵĺеһʯͷ£һֱںڱγ
ûҸòţֻҸոյһŵѾȫҡ
ȴҾЩİ

ôʱ䣬һֱԼһˣһֱûпεˣԣҸ˵˵
ЩûʹԳǣɴУѾһС
ҽԼĶʰã뿪⿧ȥ죬ԳȴȻסңңȥɽǴȥ𣿡
һʱعͷһۣдżɻ
ղҪȥĵʱֻ˵ȥɽô֪ģ
ңУǶһƵģٶżּɻ䣿
֪ΪʲôڹԳѡҵʱƺҲġšһ
ԳȴӿڴͳһʮСɵķҵУ˵ȥܹϡ
һ񣬱ŵĲ񶼸ˡ
񣬿ɲ῰Ҳʱ
Ҳ̧ͷŹԳǣſЩʲôȴֱӰҸϳ˿㲻Ҫȥɽ𣬿ǻɣһʱϲϾͲˡ
һ˵Ҳֻúתȥˡ
ԼԽЩ֣Щġ
񲻵ʮֱֻۣ泤۾ӷʴ
ҡ
ﻹһӤһ壬ŵģǴ⺢
Ҽ״ʱĵͷƤ飬æӿڴ˿ֽ
ɾҰһɲǣҾȻУ˼аУ۾ƵģرĴ
Ҽģæ洦һ۾Ƽ
һƽԼ飬ڷɻ֮ǰԳǷһţֻȴյһĶš
ŵݺܼ򵥣ֻм֡
лл㡣
Ҽţ˳ǣЦЦСԳ˾䣺˵˻Ựʲôлģ
յһš
ǳգǧҪСģҪСҪСߵˡ
һߵˣʱһʵߵ˭
ɹԳȴûڻˣģҵĸоǣԴҺ˵ްˮ֮ʧ˼ڻͱһˡ
ңھȻôİҡ
ֱɻɣɻѾ˹ԳǵĻŷҵֻ档
Ǹܶ飬Ҳ˵಻˵ĻȻˡ
⻰˵ĺܳϿңҲʵߵѾˣѵ˵˺ң


265 
еĲȻҲɵѻɵĿתƾϡ
ɳ˾ƾ֮⣬ȴ벻ߣ׻˭ˡ
Сʱ󣬷ɻѾ˻˷ɻ֮󣬵һ±Ǹ˸绰ȷѾһ˳ɽҵ˾Ƶ֮г̣Űѵ绰ˡ
˵Ҫͬкױ˻ɣҪǲסͬһҾƵ꣬ٻǲ̫ҵİȫ
ԣҵ˳ɽɽµĵһ£ܵ齵ǼҾƵꡣ
ŵſڣұ˾ƾվſڣƵģһ
Ҽ۵˲ȼһĨͳȥкˣȴĨû󿪵ɲǣֹ
ֹɲǼ䣬ͣ˶ʶƵģԹԵĳžƵȥ˼ķ䣬֮¥
ݵʱǾ뻹ƾһġİƵģ˵ͣһ˿һԵǽϵŵݻ
ֱͣ£ӵ߳ȷû˸ţҲûɵĶڼӣ໥һۣԻ˷䡣
˵ģﻹЩûףϾ˵ôֲˣҪǲǲ֡
ŴغãҲ֪ôģȻԳǸҵö˳ϸϸĽķʮǵĿһ飬Ž£Ÿƾ
ͼƬʱֶû䣬ҵ뿴ƾͼƬ֮ʲôӦ
ȻƬշȥûӣƾϻһƬ˭ģ
ĵİҲĻһţ룬ƾһ䣺˭ģ
£ҵûлشˡ
Ͼƾ˵֪ʲô¶˵Ҹ˵ô
ԼĪСʱȥˣۿ춼ҪˣƾǳסȻûٻҶţ
ΪĹ죬벻̫֧Ͻ볤ɽ֮ǰһͬһڽɽԽҹעǸ֮ҹ
ڶһ𴲣һ𴲣ұֱӸʦ˸绰˵Ѿ˳ɽ£ʦһжʱżĨϲʮֽңȷǲԼһȥ
ҡšһ˵ǣȴʲôƵģ̽Ե˾ʦʦ
ҵĻ䣬ֻʦϢһ٣˵ʲô˵ûУԼһ˽ɽЩ£ܹܲҡ
ʦȴܾ˵ڲУҪҪף˵ֻҪʲôµģұ̫ࡣ
⻰ҵĶԣȴٴżַ̡
ѾʼɣʦǲǱˣ߳ʲô飬ڱ
Ͼȥ£غҺ;뺢ӵİοұ¡
ҪΪѪʦҵģ溢ӵĻҲʦȥģĲޱȵ
Ҳɵ֪ޱȣһֵĵطȻܱܾͱˣôһԵĳȥ
Լϴһ飬ܴĶ֮ų˾Ƶ꣬¾ƵݣұھƵɳϵȺľƾ˻һҸطԷոչҶϵ绰ʦȴȻҴһ绰
绰ǽ벻ľ硣
ʦ˵ġһ˽ΣգһңҪû´ĻǸѾ齵ľƵꡣ
˶ɵˣʦ˭
ʦȴش֡

Ѿкܾãܾûгˣɾʦµɲǣҵ󾹴ֻСĺһ
ҽԴͷһۣЦرѿȴҪװһͦĵģ
һʦ˵Щʲôʦĵ绰ȴֵһɲǹҶˡ
ͷǳʦλĶԽԽǿʼɣǲҵʦ
ҪʦĻôܰôһ֢߰ŵߣⲻ뺦
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ҲĿڣŵĺܴƾעȴɳûƵģֱҡ
ǼҵĿ̫ת𴦣ûֱӻشңĿɨõÿһңڿʲô
ҡҡͷ˵ûʲôҸط緹
ȴ˵Ҳûԣһȥԣ˸ҽ˵γʦҵġ
һ֣ʱĵĻƤˡ
ҪﰡڱͱҶ㲻ˣ
ʱװľ꣬ûкңҶĺҲƵģһ޹
ȻڳһģǰˣҲò˼ҵӣԲеʱǰ˺
ǴǽԹҸ˳緹ĵط緹Ժá
ⷹŸճԺãȴȲƵģϿ˵Ҫɽɽȥ
Ļ䣬ҽ´һ飬˾䣺û
Ͼ͵˰ھƵЦӯӯ˵лżϷʡ
ȴһþƾ֮ǰͲµ˻˰ԼӣȲһ֣Ա߱ңһң¶ˣ
ҵ˵ͷ˵˾䣺ԭڽɽ𣿡
ͷû˵ȴȳ˳緹Ҳ
æתҪϣȴƾ˾Һ緹λõĺ棬
Ѿ£ɽϵĻѩ֮ǰ˵Ѿ˲٣ҺѩţôôЩ֣ȴʱң벻֣


266 ٶ
֣ʲô
ҲĿһȴչ¾Щÿϣȴֹסðżаԡ
Ҳ֪Ǿʲô£ھȻôаԡ졣
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ңһһ䡣Ŀڵ⻰ȴƵģһһĶҵϣǿϢǱʶ˵ĸо
;ˣ̱ģҲѧ˰˳ɹ˵⻰Ҳû㷴ӦЦŻһ䣺ðҲ뿴
䣬ɺĿһۣ棬ƺϷЩʲôһģʱˣϳˣ
ҡͷ˵ûУ첽ǰߣûֵ顣ȴֵڱЦź˾䣺㲻ʲô
еĳЦڣȴ˾䣺ˣ̫鷳ˡ
ĵסǺǡĳЦããѩĴtһȦ˵ûƾӰȴҲһڲԶţû̫
Ͼ̫ˣããѩһ۾ֵܱһ
ڵλ÷ǳأǵ˳ɽľͷټⳤɽĵθӣҰʦǰ˵ģټ·Ҳһʱ䣬ֱ̫ĻҹɫҪ٣űһɽ¡
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һ죬òͣ£Ҳԭشߴ֮ǰ𣿡
ͷ˵󻹸ҵһƿˮ
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Ҳû຦µģԽߣΧ·ԽֲָҪߵʱѾ׿Χһˡ
Ҳ̲סҶǰһ
ͣ½ŲҾ䣺ôˣ
Ĳֵܴ𣿡ʿˮٴοʵ˵ʾ䣬ȴĲС
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е˼Ȼһ˼룬˵˾֮ǰһĻ̾˿˵Ҫǲ³Ϳɡ
ǺǺǵĲˣ
һаа
ôǰŮû˵ԼأĵװԳһ䣬˵ֱӽֵӱг˿
ɾҴֵɲǣܵĿȻĹɽĳҶɳɳҵĶԣŮӿƵģ֡
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һб֮ǰֲָʱδ֪Σճֵ˵ûʲôµˡ
ϾԽ죬ĶֵԽ࣬еľǿʲô鶼һ׼ҪǴʱҵĽ±ĳһֻӣƤգֱӴӿڴŻƷ˦ϡ
һξ룬ǰڳһһĽıеĻҪĶ࣬˿ûΪû˳ֶó¾ɵģǴ߸߹ϻᣬѪѪģǱѪȥƵġ
ǰϰٸСӱһʵʵ
ҵĿϰٸСϣֺӵĿȴٴδҵĶУ±˲֪ŵȫӤƵġ
òаɣ
ҲûסǰС˾䡣
ȴһƲҵ֣˵ǰǧȻġ
ұ;ˣڿӣȴ֮ǰʶȫˡ
ôˣа񶼰ݣҪ֪ϴԶϴôף
û˵СĵĺƿЩӣߵǰƿǰľŵɲǣһɹȳζ˲˱ǶѪζ
ܴƿĴһţƿ֮ӳһԺӣǰид໹ӣŶǽҲûκζʱʲô
ԺĲ֣ȴ˷
ôԷˮ̫һܸоķˮˣ֮ҵĲУǿʢļˣҪһʬ壬춼ֱթʬ
Ҫʬ屻ƶܻΪʬˣ
һܵЩϰĿתȴƽĲУ
ûЩƵģԽƽԽǸң⣬ϾҶֵܷĶô֣ܲᷢ
ڴ˿̣ҲǾãʦƭְߣһͼ
ڵң治µֻ£²أ
ذ
һ˵ţһЦӯӯĶڵɾʱҾȻпЩ̹⡣


267 Ȼ㣡
̹һţȴҲ׽˸ţɵã˸żɻ
òǳʲô°ɣ۾զ̹Ⱑ
֮ҺüζصؽĿ׼۾ȴûĨɫ۵׳̹ⲻǰһĻþ
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ҼǰҺģҲҰ׵ģȴûֹҽɫġ
ûҷӦѾ֨һǰĺɫţˡ
ű򿪵˲䡣һɹɳֱӴϵͷ棬۾Щˡ
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ͷɲǣһ˫ĴֱסҵĲӣһ͵شӲӺϯҵĻ
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Χûз磬ȴֻ˵Ϲܹȥû뵽ǣ⻰һ˵ЦŻһ䣺󰡣ҰŹϡ
⻰һ˵ꡣҵɫ˲ɷһȦЦ˵˾û£ʹɣ⻰û˵꣬˵һ룬ԺȻ顱һȺľţֱӱһѹ
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ȻżаԣԽԽǲǱ˵ĸо
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⶯ʱ򣬼ΪСģɶŲŸշȥȴȻһ¡¡¡¡ûҷӦǸ̨Ȼһݣһ¥ݣ¥ʮޱȣֵͲĹһȥ򲻵ס
ˡ
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ĵǣŴŵͱȾѪճģʮֶġ
ȥ𣿡
֪ʵߵҵǰ۵ٴ˸һĨ̹⣬ҿĨ̹ⱻĵͷƤ͵һ飬Ƥ
֪Ϊʲô
ҿ̹⣬ԺкȻֳĨ۵ӰôԽԽͱɫĸо
ͷմԺ͵صɴ˫ۣƾ֮ǰ˵ɫ˳ǧ棬ܹûǧݣݳκʮаԣȴһȱ㣬Ǿǻûǧ֮ʱɫɫ˳Ʊɫ
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îһ͵ؾͶһ䣬⻰մӿѳȴ˱ɫǼޱȵЦ⡣

ǰȴЦţ߻óǧݣ󶥸˱ɫϣڱɫʱ䣬ȴֻж̶롣
ȻóһźһģһӦ˵Ƿŵ
㵽
ıɫĵȻҪԶ룬ɱɫȴһЦߵҵǰźһģһ쵽˾Ҳ׵λá
һܸﰡȥ¡
˵⻰ʱеЦΣţĵȴûˡ
֪Ҳȥġ
ҧҧֹͣ壬ɫ͵һ䣬һִѪֱӰѱɫ˻ȥ
ɱɫȴЦˣû˵վһЦӯӯĿҪŵĶ
˼ŻǴ򲻿Ҳɵա
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Ѽٰɡıɫ߶ʦ˼
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ѵ˵
ʦҲǱ˼ٰģǱҪЮ
뵽⣬ҵĿ͵Ͷ˱ɫϣȴǲ룬Цŵ˾䣺ô׿Ҹѽҿ׽㣬𣿹
ЦҵĶʮ̶ִɾʱҾ˵ֻȻ𶯣Ǿһص绰


268 ɫˣ
ɱɫңֲҰֻóֻܽſڴֻһֻȥȡԼЯĻƷֻҪɫұֱӽƷ˦һ
һźϺһֱŵġȻʱȵĶҺͱɫӡȴȻ˵㲻ȥﳤʲôʶ
֪Ϊʲô⻰ҵĶĪЩ֣˼
ѵ˵ʶ
ɾʶҲȥôĵطɵã͵ؽڴĻƷһҧѪֱӾŻƷ˦˱ɫϣû뵽ǣɫͷҵĶȴûж㡭
Լֱվԭأסһ
毺ݵӣһĿȫǣѪȴ۾ûգĶҷЦ
ȥ𣿡
һЦţɫһüҡ۵׵ĿֱǸմӾԺ񾭲
ҪǱɫҸղǻǿȥҹƻƴģǼݶһȥƵġ
ȻˣҾ˳ŵ߿ֲٿ
˭˵ңȻҽЦŶüëװʮֳеһʱñɫҵĵƣں˾䣺ȵȡ
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֪ǸСµǻתȴûµϡңҲ
Ϊڵң֮ǰ̫󣬾ֱ϶һȻϣֻҪҲ¶κˣ޷ĥ͸
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⻹ɵģɵģŲĿ⣬һֱһֻѵıɫ
ɫУΪĵ飬ˡ
ΪңңһֱУҪܷЩʣԹʵԻĺܺá
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Ҫû´ĻҪˣһаȴħʱħħа֮ҪǷ棬ΪһĻ
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Цû˵Ŀȴ֮ϡ
ǵãղűɫ˵ʶģҿ񣬳мϤ֮⣬ûӡ
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ϱӣҹΣɽȴֻعĸȻûиĸҹİҲҹκˣ
Ĳˣ
ɫЦżңűҷĿȫǵȴ̶ʱڣϵ
źҳһģһȴ޴͸¶żִа
㲻˵ʶ𣿡
һͷһ۱ɫɫʵ
㾹ȻĲʶɫҵĻǳ˶ƵģŴ죬ġɡ
ˣһ̲סĿٴתϣΣҵĿȴͣסˡ
һżΪİĵΪʲôһԽԽϤáϤ
ѵ
һͷ͵شԺҵ˲һգֱͼµ˸֧ŵ㣬ڷ֮ϣڱɫûӦɲǣֱͼ˸顣
㡭
ɫ͵صɴ˫ۣ˵Ļʱֹ
ȴ˲ô࣬кȻеڸҡ
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пܾʦ
ֵǣҽ񶼻ƴƴɣȴûʦʬ壿
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һɫٶʱŵĲ壬ǰɢҲأȴѾˡ
ҵʱ˹ײİ屻ƿС
ǳصĺƾʹҵĶ󴫳


269 ķ
ұŵͷƤˣתͷȴվ׵ľ롭
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͵غ˼ס룬ſǻһʦ
ҵĻŸ䣬ޱȵĿ⣬ȻаЦʮ£Уûԣȡ֮ģȫ̰ɱ
һӤʬ壬̧һֱӽʬԽУɲǣֻǷʴĶӣʱִһȦʮֻ۾֣ʱȫų˺⣬׼ҡ
ҶĵģƤð
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͵أұһΧǽڵĵ񶼸飬뿴ıûĸطܹ俪ҳȥģɾмʪϵɲǣһ߸ɱû˫ֻʣֻŵʬǽϵ
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Ҫû´Ļȴʦʬռȵʮֱֻ۷ʦʬ֮ϣ
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Ѿ˼֮ɲٿڵڵǴӴ󺣻㼯ģޱ޼ʣǻġ
ԼĶԽԽҪʦ׷ϣҲ̲סֱӺ˾֣飬֮ǰ뷢Ķţ͵ؽֻó־յҶ֮󣬸һһ绰ַһš
绰ûӣȴ˸š
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ϵҲĸɾֱӰ½µЬӣֱӳʦȥ
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ܵҾƣߵĲУһҧֱӳǰ·ȥ·ʪĿ£
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ĴУʱҵĻҶҷӦЩЩٶۡ
죬ҪڵѪɲǣҺݺһҧî˻ľֳһ͡
ܵ˳
ǰԸҲ֪ʦܲã͵ؾͳһϵɲǣ۵͵ؾɿҵ˲ӵ𣬽ð˷ƵľͳСܡ
Ҳ̤ûǱʲôסƵģ͵سǰһбֱ⧲ˤڵأһͷŵء
һ͵ؾʹҶͷð۵ֱҧûҷӦѾ³˿еֻСȵֶʱ͵һ˴ӵ𣬵
һѪ͵ؾӿҵԺұ۾ʼ裬ʦʮ˴˸飡
Ѿģ˾ˣʬʲô
ʬˣԼͽܣʧ֮󣬻˼ٰԼͽܣ
һ룬͵ؾͱݺһ˦զһԵǽϣ͵һҲ̲סֱŻһѪǱĲС
žડһҵĿʱ˳˹ȥȴԳǸҵöƾʱڵأ
ǵ˵
ָϣ
͵أҾͳǰһˣȥУȴ


270 ȫ
ȴٴαסСȣֱӶ˾䣺Ҳ
öˡķЦǶ¶̰ɫ
ģҪɱˣҪ֮ǰңһẦµĲУڵҡ˵ȴҲ뵽µĶԲߣ͵ؾͽͼֱӶһá
Сûͼң𣿡
µɲǣﱻͼųһ鴤ɿңȴ⧲ġٴͷµȥ
ºˣ֮ǰˤһӻڣˤһֱԳƵĲУ
ҺݺһҧԴ͵ؾ˵ŵǿƣеɲǣٴγұ׷һֱۣӽŵֵķ
ֻˡһƺֱӱ˸Уһ룬ڵϢͿʼܣֻ顱ʲôڱըƵġһɹħ͵ش
ʦʬ壬˵ƵĿʼɱ
Ҽ״ĵװˬ˾䣺֪ôãҾˣ
ɲǣȴûɢǲܴ𣬷·𡭡
һ
͵صɴ˫ۣŵȾͳܣʹ̵þ
Ƶģ׷ңԽ׷Խҽŵǽһɫɷ׻ȴûáҪұ³һˣ
Գ赽һأ
ôΣյĶզҪզã
Ҳ֪ǣԶҺϢĹĳʱ˸磬ֹǲǲԼðˡ
һ룬ұ͵ײһӲǽģͷһ۵ֱӴ
дأ
ƾϷʵ͵رҶ𣬻û̧ͷƾ㡰ۡһɴ˫ۣ˾䣺˭˭ˣôаŵ
ұ⻰ŵֱӱ˾룬˾Ļ
ôģ
Ҵ򲻹ɽˣܱȰɣ
ȻһµľͽУһѣ˸ƿӣ˽ȥͣ
Ǹղȥˣ
ȷûΣգСĴӾ뻳̽ԴһŸ䣬Աˡ顱һһתͷȴɫƾĸ֩ƵģֱӶ˳
ɫ˲䣬ǼԹ޵ĿⶢңҪܹɱˣҶܱɱǧٱˡ
ոոҷŵʱ򣬱ɫ߰
ֱ˱ɫ˾䡣
֮ǰ˴͹޵Ӱû׷ϣһҵ˳һˡ
ֱ˵ٻģǰ˰ˣȴ˵ôһģ
˵⻰ʱ򣬱ɫи˸żˣرõĿɲǱɫǷǺһģһҼ
÷ŵҳһģһôûϴ
뵽⣬Ҳɵһ䣬ȴ˳ǣƤЦⲻЦķ˾䣺ʩЧˡ
Ÿ䣬ɫеɫܹˣ
Ҳã⻰˵ЩˣʲôжʩЧ򭰡
ģ³Ϯ
Ҫ͵ĺһ㰡˵ôոɶأ
⺮˼䣬˽໥֪֮ٴγȥ
;У·ʦʬʱʮֻ˷ϵֱѾ䣬ֱϵ۾ҲǱ˴ϹƵģȫһѪᣬϡ
ʦκ٣Ҳû֮ǰôˣȴʦʬҰþƾ뿴ôƾȴֱ˸䣬ʦʬᵽ˸ɾĿյϷˡ
꣬ĵİæ˹ǻҰװｻҡ
ڣҴ󣬶ҰͦյģһǻҺеûʲô⡣
ֱҽǻҺзźãһˣżȥ
ŶԣһˣǱƾ˸˩ߵıɫ
˷ãͣ˽Ų˻һۣҺƾԭصȱ𶯣ȥ
ʮϸһȦʬͣ˼룬ӣҲ֪ڸЩʲôߵʦǰթʬĹײǰӹײҳһѾɿݵѪˮм֧ķ
ЩõƾǰƾһʱĲУʬ༦Ѫʬǰʦʬƻľﻹʲô
˵⻰ʱƾĿ⣬Ƕűɫġ
ɱɫȴֱӶƾ˸ۣûԣƾҲ⣬ĳ˳ǣң˵ˣ˭˰ɣ
ҵɫһҲʦѡߣ˱ɫһһʮĶ˵һ顣
˵Щһصؼ˾䣺ʦ϶Ǳ˼ðǱˡ
ƾšһûκǽĿת룬ʾô죿
ȥɡ
뵭ڣĶһ˲֣ǰҳȥ
ֱȫɽѩϵɲǣ̲סʾƾô죿
ƾȴĶüëЦŵ˾䣺ô죬ȥ£ܷ²ǵˣǾͲܰ𣿡
һ⻰ɫʱһڣƾ治Ǹž롰족ˣڲҪôֱ׳
ǰ˷²ˣȴ˵ǰ˴ˡ
Ҵ񣬾ƾַ²˱ɫѾǰµľ֡
뿴棬׻չȥ
ֱصƵ꣬һĿһȴˡ


271 
ȴϣôһСֽ
ƾ˴ϢϵαװѽҿɫȴǱıһߡ
ǰСֽ㿴Сֽʲô£ֽűû롣ֱӻΪ˳ʧ˿
Сֽʧ֮ǰдŵһ仰ǡɡıҾ۵ס
дһ䣺˱ɫ
Ȼ˴͹Ѿ˱ɫߣңȡжȸ˸棿
ڸʲô
ƾȻתͷɲǣȴ;Ŀȫҵϣ۵׵ѯʺڡ
ҰСһ˵ȴЦˣЦţ⼥Ķűɫһ䣺ĶѴء
ɫߵĹЦû˵ٶƾȴӳƾ˾䡣ѽզˣ챻Բ˵
˵ţƾǰűɫ͵Ҳ֪ǳӻķϲ£·ϲɲǣɫݺݵġޡһ³һĭ
ҪƾӦ죬̼ͱɫĭ絽ˡ
ġ
ƾɲǣĵ˾䡣
⻰ڱɫȴʹģֻ΢΢һЦûģ˵ɶǹ飬ν
ֳһҪɱҪϤļƳ
Խǰڳģ˱ԽǽӸףϾǱǷ²ˣȨǵϣ
ⷿ΢£˸˫˴ķ䣬ƾһ˯һҺ;һ˯һѱɫɳϣ˯һޡ
ڶһ磬һ˱űɫ
صֱ֮Ӱѱɫ˾ȴ̫뿴ҡǱǷ²ģôһԴھҪ಻ˬж಻ˬֱӿƾ
Ͱѱɫϣ㲻ˣ
Ÿ䣬ƾҪĻ˾䣺ʲôҲˣⲻǻھôڷ²ɫʱסھ￴ûˣ
ƾ⻰ûü˵ЩʲôѾһ֣
ƾһɫˣίʾ룺סһס˰
ɾ룬ȴû𸴡
ƾ˾üֱۣ̾Ȼĵ˾䣺ҾΪѵİѱɫȥˡ
£뵹ǵġšһ±ɫǱ²ߣģɾ뻹ǲ̫
̬ȸոձ¶ûãɫɷףҺ;ĿⶼһɹɼǺޡ
ͱĿ⿴ϰˣҲûӦбһۣ棬ֱž¥
תɲǣҼɫǱĻҧгݵģ԰ˬѣƾʱ񲹵һ䣺ʲôСĹϹˣСүߣ
ϵɲǣƾֱͳֻ˸绰Ůűɫ뿪˾С
ڷƾͱɫȥıӰЩĵʾ룺˴͹޿϶ȱɫģƾѱɫŮȫ𣿡
ɾȴûֱӻشңΪʲôô϶˴͹޻ȱɫ
ҲĿһۣ˵һ𣿸οɫĵ죬Ƶﻹ˴͹вŰ
ҵĻ䣬롰ǡһЦ£СЦһ䣺档
һû⻰ʲô˼ɺĿһ۾룬ȴңľãвǸǿ𣿡
ʲô˼
ұȦƵĲЩջ𣬽üž롣
ɻûȾ뿪˵͵éٿ˾뻰е˼
޺ͱɫ˴˵ĺû̫ţȫϵ뻢ıƤУ˴֮⣬˭°ˣƶЩ޹ؽҪɣ
ǷţǸһоƾģǾǷɫģסɫñɫ˵©һЩ飬ɫһǻļȣ
һͨˣһһ벻ͨҶܲ͸ǵһǱɫôܻᱻиƭ
ʳڣȴЦˣңñɫں£
ҡͷ˵£ҪǺ¾Ͳƾ¿ˮˡ
ɾȴƤЦⲻЦľһ䣺ˣ£ܺ¡ô캦飬û˾ڵ֪޺˴ܲҲֻܷһϾĵ׾ԼΨһĳ롣
󣬶ʱ͵һüʾ룺ǼȻǸﲻֱɱ˱ɫ
ȴȻаȵЦЦǼɳƵҶ˾䣺ɱǸʹ𣿡
˵⻰ʱֱеĶħģ׹ʮ˲
ܾãɫᱻиס˵డ
⻰ʳڣȴҡҡͷ˵ģңã°˱ɫҪʲô
ʾ룺ʲô

뿪ڵɲǣ˶ɵԭأɴ˫۵ʲô˼
ɾȴûڻشˣҵŰе˼
Ȼ˵ˣҲ˵Щʲô
ٽ磬ƾȻǴ˸绰ʾ˵ɫԲ˰ĲУҲ޲ֵģһ㶼񱻷²ˣô졣
ɾȴĻһ䣺ôȻԲȣǾͱԵĺȵˡ
ƾһæʾ룺˼ҳԵĺȵģô죿
⻰һҶԣȴʱЩɫֲˣ첻Ѳɻܶ
ƾ⻰꣬绰ͷȻɧǷʲô󼱴ҴҵĶԾ˵˵£ȹˡ


272 ɫ
ģң붼Щ֣뻹ͷңҪҪȥƾǿ
ҵͷ˵ȥ
Ҿƾ˵˵ԶԶıȽϿ죬ԼĪСʱڵƾſڡլӵĴţȴ˽ˡ
³ÿŵ˿ţȴֹңָָŷλöҵ˾䣺ŵ˲ڡ
һʱһ㶣ʾ룺ô찡ƾòǳʲô°ɣ
û˵Ҳû³⳵ͣһỵ̂һֿߵϣֻ촽ϣһ˵
ӺƾȻ˵绰ʮֽ٣˵ղźǴ绰ʱ˸ɫʳ¶ѱɫĲˣǸϽһˡ
ƾ䣬뵭šһѾſˡ
ƾһʱϲѣſô
û˵ֻǺǺǵЦƾϢʱһ䣬Сֹһ䣺ҺȫԱ䱸˶Ѵˡ
ֹһ꣬ƾæǵȵȣֻƵĴҿܵǿš
һ߿ţСĿžı飬¾ڻᷢǨŭƵġ
뵹ûôԲУʲô¶ܷ𣬵Ŀƾһۣ㽫ԺֱͣӽƾС
ƾҵĿܴ󣬿ٴվˣҲԵмӵȺߵ˿ɳ¡ɳǰ棬ɫıɫ£ƾˡĵһɲϯֱڵôѿ
ɳϵɲǣƾ;ϵʱȫ˳һʱҶЩHoldסҲѧԼϢһûס֣Լ֮ϢһųΧһƱŮѹĶЩˡ
˺üΣ˲٣ΧȴĿ£ڵ϶һ
ɫɫڵϣϻϳ鴤һҪ˵ģŴʱһģһʱʱĽĿҺߡ
ɫᱻ¶û뵽ģµĶȻһĶҩɫһħʥŮôܻᱻ
пܣιɫĶǾ綾רԱɫƳĶҩ
ֻ˼ȥ벻֮⣬ô¶ɱ
ȻҲôԲеİѻĿתƾϣϾƾģҪǳʲô£˻ɵģˡ
ţԺкȻ֮ǰ˵һ仰
˵ҪģǱɫ
֮ǰʲô˼ȴˣֱǵɴ˫ۻȻĿ⣬ھƾϸɨһ顣
ô꣬ʲôûĿȥɨɫ
ңǱ𾪵Ĳа
Ҫû´Ļɫⶾ˴͹µģ߱ɫ˵ֱ¶ɱȻȽϼ򵥡ֱӺҪסɫСֽǸٶǺһ
ò˵˴͹޻Ǻݣɫ㱻°ߣΪ˽ȴҲû֮ȴΪǿѱɫŪ
ģȻĶ
СʱΪֻкɫֻжֶԴ̬ȣɳ֮һжġ
ϣµ飬ӦþԼˣԼӰɣ
ãֱƾȻ𣬵ĵ˾䣺˵һΣ¶ԼҵˣԸ
˵⻰ʱƾһһֲıĳ
Χվŵô࣬ȴûһվԼΪֱƾЦӵȡһֽͱʣֽϻһŹʱĸֶ֧ܣٽ̣̣ţǣȫȥ
һ֮ƾٴοڣдżѹȣƵ͸
ұģɿҪְ
䣬ȺкȻ顱һʲô˵˵
ɲǣȺкȻԾÿһǸ˵˵λñ¶˳ʱǽص
ƾǰλȻеϸϸһֿ˿ľ֣ȻЦˡ
ЦЦֶȺǲԸˣҲãҵҪܶ˴͹صˣ׳ʲô
Ļ䣬ȺɵĳּӰҪӣƺ±ƾ֮أܵĶٿ죬ȴûƾ;Ķ졣
µģ㱻ƾ;ԭһϸһ
ֱȺץƾŽľһ˺ǰѸٵĽЩ˵𣬴ǵȡһֽסĶ
Ҫû´ĻЩӦǶҩɣ
ʧˣЩֱҧݲŵҩȻԾ
ղ˵ĸˣ˴͹ްŮĸ˵
ò˵ǵĲ߻൱ܣҪƾ˾֣ᱻ˵ĸ˸ƻ
ƾȡǿжҩʱ򣬻ǵ°͸жޱżɱڵǸɫµʲô
ĸ˵°ͶжˣȻ޷˵ĸȳڼҲһӣ˷׷׶һۣĬ˭Ҳûƾĸһͷû˵
ƾһģһЦһ䣺ȻǲײĲᰡ
󣬶ѩһ֣ѩ̾ߡ
˵⻰ʱƾٲȻһλ̬Щ棬;Щơ
뿴ϵ̾ʲôʱ򣬾ȴסҵ֡


273 ̣
ȻңЩ⣬ҲĻͷһ۾룬ȴޱ飬ҵƺʲô
ſҵ֣СĵĽֻĶ¶һһһɫСֽСڰֽ򿪡
дһ䣺һƾ̵ʱϡ
һ仰ʱĲУǵɴ˫ۣһ㶵Ŀž룡
ɾȴޱ飬ƸղֽƵġ
һᣬѩ̾ҲŽĿתȥƾе̾߾ȻǼŻƷͼֻڲĳӣ۵˲ȼ𼸷ɻ󡭡
ҵЩĵһ䣺ΪǶôѪȵĻء
ƾѩĶӹһЦʮбۣűж°͵ĸˣӿڴ˸ƿִӴƿﵹöɫСҩ裬Цǽһһ
ںڣü
˵䣬öҩֱ˵ĿУԿ˵ı飬ʺһѿ뽫ҩ³ҩȴڼûܹ³
ƾЦһУһѹȣû˵ֻǾĿĸãܵˡ
˼룬ƾ㽫ѩƿĳӵɲǣҴ
ȵȣ
ҵȻ˿ŵնʱЩΡ
ƾͷɺĿһۣʵôˣ
ڸɡ
˵⻰ʱһΣҲ֪ǺĵĳӣЩĸ˼̡
µɲǣƾû˵ǵһ۾룬Զ˵ͷŽеĻƷƿӽҡ
ҽӹƷƿӵһɲǣĪģЩţֲ֪ݽţӺζ
Ӻܶģȥǲӣıϣиޱȵ·ֱеĹƶЩơ
ѵ˵ĸڼ顱ͨˣħϵ̷е
ĸڼ顱ҽӹƾеĶҵĿ⣬׷ĨʮŨɱ⣬Ҫɱˣͱɱǧٻأ
ҽƿӴ֮ǰŵĻͷһ۾ƾƾޱ飬ҵͷŽƿӴ򿪣ĳĸ˵
еɲ˿ޱȣĨʲôĶǳġ
ֻǿеʱǶĵɫҪ³ӾƵģֱӳǵĺȥ
ɲǼ䣬ĸ˵ɫ۱䣬һ룬׷۵û˷ŵİǣĸڵϷ
˿ţȴ֪Ƕʲôֻܴǵı￴·ʮʹࡣ
ҿģֿ˿еĻƷƾƷġ
ȴ
ĸѾ۵Ŀʼ֣ĴӵԼŵ¶˺һһϵѪǶǵָ֮С
䣬ĸѾ˺ۣʺѪҺҪǮƵģϳ
֮ң˺ܾã֪ǿеĶʲô
ǸɫĹƳ棬дƣһ˵ĸУ˵ڲϴУƤܣǲڵÿһǾݡ
ֻƶƾһ置ļǿ棬ۣ˵ڱܵʹޱȣƤĲУǽѪȫ룬޷ס
ʹĸоֱȹŴЩƳɵ̷ҪµĶ࣡
ƾ˵һĻȴǾĿһУǻһĨ޵Цݡ
ЦݣޱȣҹĶħһĵ
ңƾģЩ¡
ˣǶģƾȴǺܶġ
Իĺ棬Ҳļ㺦£µûС
һһĹȥˣ֮Ѿ˵ɫʼɢ·Ҫ֧Ųסˡ
ɾʱϱץЩ˺ۣȻۿɼٶȿʼϣϵһ˺۶ûС
ҪЩѪڣΪղŵһУǴ
˺ϵɲǣɫջأɻûɫʱһ䣬ɴ۾·Ǽʲô˼Ķһ룬ĺﲻϴ˻𣬿ȴΪ°ͱжˣ˻⣬κ
ˬ𣿡
ƾȻɲǣҲ⡰Ḷ́һǾʹ·˲ֹһһԼˣЩĲ̡
ĸˣҲӣ±ĥȴһԣҺƾĿ⣬۵׵Ĵ·𶼺޲ý̡
˴ʶɢֵ˿ϣ˲ֹΣҲȥˣСƾ𣿡
ƾȴݵĻһ䣺ùҾã
µɲǣҶ⧲ıƾе伤Ĵ˸
̫ˡ
ԽԽЩȥˣֱӿƾܲͣ£
˭ϣƾȴңƷҵУȨҡ
һʱĲС
ѵ˵ƷֹƳ棿
뵽⣬͵ؾͽƷһ˵ͷϣϵɲǣȴûһô
ɵãҽĻƷʰ𣬾ۼڵ۵ɲǣкһ䣺
µɲǣƷӡ˵ͷϡ
˿ֽƷ˵ͷϡ
һԸѩˮ
˵ģȻڼ飬Ķⳤģһ˱ĥĿȥˡ
룬ҵٶȻı˵Ŀ⣬ǿҵĿ⣬ǰļޣΪ˴żָм


274 ɱ
ҿ̾һĶǵ˾䣺ǻ˵˰ɣȻ۵Ļǡ
˵䣬Ҷѩ˦˸ɫ˵°ͽϡѩȴҡҡͷĿ׼ƾ
û뵽ǣƾȻ˵ͷʾԡ
ѩǰ˵°͸˻ȥ
ɺĿһƾûһȻ°ͱϵɲǣȴһ˵ЩƺҪҵࡣ
ɾ㿪˵ɲǣһӶʱǸոսϵ°ͣ˵ģĻһһǡ
仰Щûʲô˼ƾ;ȴЦˡ
λҪ˵ӣʱĬˡ۰Ͱ͵Ŀңƺ˵ȴ֮ǰԥ˲ֹһǰ
Ҳû̫⣬ѩոն˹ıõǰ˶ιһˮʮϧ̾
αأ
˵ŻʱڸղҳιˮȴֱһڿˮⱭ۵ɱ⡣
Ҫվžƾ𡣹ֱӶɱˡ
Ҽ״̾˿Щ˵ƶιģҲǻֹ
֮ǰλҪ˵ӣʱЩ̲סӵ˾䣺棬˼ҲǺġ
Ȼλ˵֮ǰҪӣ˵һ
⻰Ÿ˵ڣȴֱȳĿλĵӵΤһƣָһǹ;˼Ǻ𣿡
λɫʱһҵĿЩѿƺ˵Щʲôֹ
Ҽ״ɵҲ֪ղžΪʲôˡ
ҺƾԼ֮⣬ŮƾҲֻϲ̨档
ƾΪԼƤӵ³£ĲУܰݺɫȴǸøɡ
ֻҵϣҵֽΪƽͣȥȽϺദټϣŮģ뵱ʱһڶһĴΪǽƣŽֽҡ
ȫλˣڼ顱ȴˣλΤѾҪѿڶһЩˣȴֹ
Ҽ״Ҳֻ̾һ
ʵɫǱʲôƸҪ
ƾ;֮Իô£ʵ뽫ɫĹƶˣñɫޣ˴˹ҧɽۻˡ
˲ɫĹƶʵҲûʲô£ֻ˷ܸ˴µĶ
ʱƾȻ˳ǣЦǰĸڼ顱ڵǺ𣿡
û˵Ȼǲ˵Աɫµʲô
ƾĸģҲû̫⣬̧̧֣Ҳ֪ѩȥʲôѩֱȥ¥һյƺֻ˹
ĪģҿôԽԽƾҪɱڵĸо
ɲǼ䣬ҶʱЩţǸΤȰ˾䣺ǻ˵ɣܿĻǡɫʲôʵҪ˵ˣȴǺҪ
ΤȴЦǲɱǣͽ³Ҳϲ
һ仰ҵɫʱֱӽסˡ
ƾȴЦŴѩȡǺƣ˸ӵԶ£ǰˣԵ˾䣺ǾãǶҩǾãһôģ
µɲǣ˵ɫ׷һ۱䣬ƾѾݶĲУ
ǵУʱ˼ֺ£
ԭµĸ
Ҽ״̾һû˵
ƾֱӶűǰͽӲӵ°ͣһ䣬ֱӽⶾƹĿС
ɲǣƾͷһۣ۵Ц⣬ȴǺЦ⡣
ҿƾģȴ̫ˡ
Ȼ֪ƾôһڰһ棬չ¶棬ȴ̫ڰżаԡ
Ʊеɲǣֱӱ𣬶ĿĲУ۾͹ľǱӲ۳Ƶģʮֿ¡
죬Ѿ²κһ仰Ӳ֫嶯Էʱϣ͵ƳüڣڣԴԴϵħѪҺˣѪһ
⻹꣬ϣ毺õļѾչ¶ʬߡ
ʬ壬ѾˣĻǣȴû塣
Īˡ
Ҽ̲ס̾һѿĲУ뿪ںƾ˵ЩʲôȴֹƾǸĪЦ֮С
۾룬ûƵģɳϣö塣
ǻ˵ɣȻġ
ʿˮ̲סĶΤڵֻɫѿĶ΢΢תͷ˵ʲôȴֹ
֪ͻƿڡ
ȻΤɫ˲һ䣬ԼĥĲĻ飬ҵ˾䣺ɲһʹ졣
Ҽģȴûġ
̾˿۾еĿ󣬵˵ͷƾʲôƾȴһҴõı顣
͵ͳڴƾ֮ǰҵǰذףݺݵĲϴȥ
ɲǼ䣬Ѫֱ˳ҵȾ˴롣
棬ȴ͵ػһֹͣ˲Ҳͣ˻ࡣ
ǰ¶һĨѵЦ⣬Щܡ
һ˱ۣ˶թ˹Ķǣ֮ͬ以ƣȴû뵽ϾȻôʵһ˴
ɵãȴԽԽ棬˴һʲôˡ
ֻоһ¶ûΣȴʱ޿̲ڿ֡
һĿתƾֿ˿Τ
Τȴʱ죬ˡ


275 ˴֣
ɫĶǡ
ֻڵɲǣʱ͵һ죬ɴ˫ۣǾʲôƵģû˵ꡣֱӶ
ɲǣԣҲֱӦأۡ
ѩ״ֱǰ̽̽Ǽ˵ıϢҺƾҡҡͷ˵ȫˡ
һ⻰Щ֡
ղôҵĹƶͶҩûɱǣΪʲôһҪ˵ɫ飬ֱӶ
ңɫĶʲô˼
͵أƾ;ֱÿȺ˳ȥɳȥűߵɲǡȴͣ˽Ų
ɾͣ½ŲɲǣҵΧȻ͵ŨޱȵħŵֱӳžƾķܣҵȴɫǷЦ⡣
ŵĽӲŲҪͷȴ͵˻С
뻳еɲǣһǻعͷȴϵıɫڣһվŵѩȴֻʣһƤҡ
ѩƤҵԣվһλͱɫһģһɫвħֻ۾̵ˡ
Ҳ٣
ѿĿð
ԭҺ;ƾˣǲ֣Ȼһ㵽ˣ
ԤһɫǷ²֮ԭǰŮĸ˵ôɫɫѣ
˽£ɫѩ˰ˣǱɫѩ
ɫΪ֮ǰֵٰǰֱ֮ӽѩƤԼϡ
ôġǱ𾪵ĲУ
Ȼǵһħһɣ֯Ĵ޷Ŀ°
֮ǰ˵Ǹڼ顱Τ˵ģӦǣɫĶµİɣ
þƾڳŵɲǷǵơͣ˽ŲԣҪǱɫٳ֣ǲ룡

ɫӲɭޱȵȻҶ˵ҧгݵչ¶ţ
ҽŵĿһ۱ɫֿ˿ƾȴǶ˵ıʮɣֱħɭɭıɫƾֱӴȤĶҵ˾䣺֪Ϊʲôô𣿡
ʶĻһ䣺Ϊʲô
ΪֻţϷɡ
ƾЦӯӯĿڣеĳڡ
⻰˼ȴڰɫޣ˴˵ڡţΪ޷죬ȴʧˣ
㣡
ɫļֱҪ˵ˣɰھڣֲж
ƾʱȴҲûκζ·ڲ²⣬ǻûʲô֣Բû
ò˵ֻۣ
ҪһСģߴһһʲôʱ׹ԨԼԴĦ
ʱΧħȻ˼֣ƾҴ⣬͵سӰӡ
ЩӰӳֵɲǣлϷƣ··˴ʲôɣ׷
ЩӰϰûУȻǹеҪû´ĻЩӰ
ħɣ
ħݣ޷˼䣬һԳô࣬пƾȫ֮ߵ׼ӭЩħ
ߵħԽԽ࣬ɫеĲҲԣչ¶˼̫Ŀ
һֱƾʱо¶˼ֽš
˳ƾ;ϣԿˣ
ңߡ
ɲǼ䣬ɫѾ˵˵ĻȴЦƵģƾƸЦ
ƾЦɲǼ䣬еĽѾȻ޴棬Ƕ˼ָĪ⣬ģ
ʲôʱ˵仰
ƾ
ɫڵɲǣһȻĻ
ƾҡ
һϤİȻ
ɲǣŵĴţȻ֨ѽһԶˡ
ƹĹ⾰·Ϊ˴һ£һâаΪҫۡ
ټ羫ĵӣʤ˵ģס
˴֣û뵽ġ
ƾû뵽ɲǣתȥ˴
˴ſŹޣһȺħһµ棬ֱӺ;ϵĨ棬ݺײһ
δ֣ȴƼ˻Խǧٻء
һˣҲûκһӣվԭأŴšǧ˴ʾ൱
˵ǽŮأǷ죬գ
ò˵һǷǱѰֱ˾ƾ׼ңЦſڣԺӣ
˴ֵĴΣÿγֵĳ棬һ貵ǳԺԣ
˴˵ɲǣ뿴ҵĿ⣬ȼ˼֡ɰĴ⣡
ұǲ˴ģɼģǽޱȵ˼ȴ˲١
ֱӽ˴Ļһ䣺⡣
˵仰ʱҵޱȣĿȴǶž룬лЦ⡣
ôԵĿ⣬Ǿ룬ƾ˴оˡ
ɲǼ䣬˴͵ߵѹȺħֱӿƾҵĿİΧһ
ĳҿĻ˴ⶼˡ
ⲽµĻֱǵġ̡ϣ׽ˡ
ɫ˴ֵɲǣѾߵ˴Ȼܸо͹˵Ĳ̣ȴǽΪг
мʮϰλƾŮĽڣȴѵЩħ
Ȼ·ɲǼ䣬𣬸ֹһֶʤ
һֱȻľ룬ʱϣҲ͸־裡
ѹЩԴɾʱѵ˵ľ룬ȴˡ
ңǶ˴˵ģ


276 ͼ֣
þò
뵭Ķ˴ڣҪ֪֮飬һΪǸòĺƵģеĴк
ҿɲ㡣
˴Ĳ˾ӣɾȴû⡣˴һ䣺Ȼ㻹֣
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˴ƺû뵽شǺɫһֻɲǣȴֱӽεϢɫ仯֮죬Ŀࡣ
˵㣿
˴Ǻȴšû˵
ĸо˴ģĲУȴûֳ̱ʲôϾѾѹǰΧһ
˵ǿ˫ȭѵ֣ͽѹƣ˴Сǹ֮֮
ģΪˣ˲صɫʡ
֪Ϊʲô֮ǰ˴ͦ͵ģһڱģסҵЩ۽硣
ʱ˴㶼ôˣʲôҳ𣿡
Խô˵ԽĥĵƾʲôԽ˴Ķ
ҿžģþеƣȫ׼벶ȸں󡣵˴ӣ
˴ɺĿž룬۾ɫЩ˸·Ǳӣֺ¾˺ܶవУ
ҵĿ˾һۣһȻޱȵģҽĿתƾλãȴƾЦˡ
ҶʱЩ죬ƾ⵽ʲô˼ƾȴû˵
ƾڳһĪģԽãк֣ûʲôµˡ
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˴ƣȻĲУֲҳȫֻòӰӳǡ
Ȼ˶ڣŮĽҲǳصģһЩӰӶˣֱӻΪƾеУΪǵȥ˲ӰӵĹ
ңƾŮˣܴŮˣٶЩͣЭ൱ãɲǼ㽫ȺӰ˲٣Ůˣ֮⣬ʧ
ҲĻͷһƾȴƾһĽĿ׼ķ˵򣬿ң
ҼƾʮȡǡȵģʱŻһѪҪȥæȴһס
סҵɲǣСңͼ𣿡
ҵ˵ͷҡҡͷȻͼҵõͼĲȷϾһζûù
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һ⻰ֱˣŵĲУ
ǣеƶѹҵ
ѵ˵ƾһ磬Ī⣬׼õƵģȻװģ
ңװģȻҶƭȥˣ
ҵ죬ŵϴ𾪲ѣ
ɲǼ䣬ѾӦ˹ɫ˲һһ䱸վ˾
ħӰӺŮڴĲɿ˴Ҳôƭģ·ǲʲôֱʣľȫɱ˽ʹƾҽĺܴ󣬿ȴҡҡ׹׹Щ˸ˣ
ֻ顱ⶰĲȣʼҡҡλεĶƾ͵ؽԸЩڸϣħȴ׷
ɲǼ䣬ءһⶰֱӱΪ˷棬ֱӽսᵽƾҵԺ
Ѿʼˣ˴ȻԼϵƭĲУбѹǵʱѾƿһӣǿͻΧ֮ززסǣ٣÷Ѳۣ
еƲϷһƲ𣬷·һ룬ֱ׹£ΧһУΪƽء
˴ȴʱֱӳʤ׷׷˿еƣֳֻſкݺһץ˺еƲ㣬ֱӽС
ٶ̫ͣңƾ;Уţ
ֻץףʲô
˴в˸ҫʮſޱȵӣ˿ѾŤĲУķ·Ҫɱˣ
ֻҧгݵĶž˾䣺롣
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ҸҰ
Ļ˴һ䣬˴ֱӽе׳ŵĻûУѾֽų鴤ĻӲˡ
ɾ룬ȴʱóͼٻ
һ⻰ǽһֻڶҪɱ˰
ƾǰѶעѹҵˣ
Ȼ𾪵ĲУҵٶȵҲɲǼ㽫ͼӻͳ͵չ׵ķ
ͼײһɲǣ͵ؼ׹⣬նҫʮҫۣһĽ⣬ҫƬأ
ٻ
ҶҶʱЩ޴룬æ̤˷ӡ
ʱиǺȻðһһʮİȴϤĿھҵԺ֮С
˳ھֱ˳ڣڽ٣֤ͨ⣬Ωн⣬ӳ֮֮šأȺгһ飬й˾ӭʹɥΡ۽ڡ֣뷣
ɲǣΧʱһܡ


277 ʦ
ΧŨȴһλû£ҵģҲŵĴյһ顣
ôԽԽСĸо
˴⸱ģǳĳ˳ǡЦͼ𣿡
Һݺݵ˴һۣѻһھȴ͵ش˺һʲô˿
һ룬ͼȻ¡ҵУǰͼǸطȴ͵سһŨĴӰ
ֻɲǼ䣬ӰɢΪһѪɫţһԶ˳վҺ;ƾǰֱӶҺ;
μŮʮ־
һޱȵʱŵòᣬŮ𣬺ң
ɱǡ
ׯزʧϵҶ𣬽ֱָָ˴ķֱӽ˴ޣɫȺħӰӱΧһ𡭡
ŮĽڣҲʱѳΧվƾ
˴ֱӿˣ·޷ҾȻٻ˾Ŷֱӱҵͼ򿪡
ߣ
ɲǣ͵ؾͽҳһȥġһƾ
ֱܵһȷûΣرȫĵشͣ˵ٶЩ졣ֱӽŮĽ˦˺Զ
ڣھƾ֮ʱƾѾȥŮĽȥǸȥĵطˡ
ͣɲǣҶʱѡĲԼؿڣֱһ˳ȥŽĿתƾ;룬ǣô£
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ƾȴʱζңǲǵ֮ǰڼ顱ʱһ֣
ҵͷ˵ǵãƾʮǷĵ˾䣺ڼͱɫͱǲˣҲɵʱֲڼ飬Ǿֲ˴᲻֡
󣬶ʱĲУƾ;ôôװʱ˺ֵʱĶΪǲʲôôġ
ûڼͱɫ飬ôֱ֪ڵģ
仰ʳڣƾֱɵƵĿһۣΪ˶һɵƣϻֽϾͲ𣿡
һûƾʲô˼ȴָָԼӣҶʱȻƾȻ⾳ˣ
ԼԺϾˣ
ĬϢ񽻴䣬㲼һ̴ֱ֣ӡѿǡ֮زز
һ벻ͨҶٻôţƵˣΪʲôҪӣ˴Ű
ѯʾ룬ȴһ䣺ͼٻ٣ͼûȫأٻģô
Ҹղٻģ𣿡
۵͵˿𾪣ʵƾȴĻҵǹǾͼµĻþɡ
£˴ҪǱӻǲԩϾҶƭˣҡ
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ȴһ䣺ؼҰ
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ҶʱЩ⣬Ͼھסʱ򣬿ûϮʾ룬ɫȴһʮֵȻģһֽҵֱ֣Ŀĵ
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˴ˣȻûɱļ
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뻳еɲǣһĵ˾䣺˭Ҷˣ
һǶʱ𼸷ֱŭʣĶȷҵģ
ƾһʱҲֱӱŹ¥
⼸൱ԽԽǾЩԾ˴һԸԿοǱôһȥôһ֣˼ȫĴֱˣһѣưոݣ
˵ģ˴ãҶ᲻ã
ɽô죬˵紵ݶûУɫ޶ʧƵģңԳҲûϵңʧþõˡ
ҪеͼʱңΪһаҺ;ƾԲУˡҸ֡ӡ
⼸ȻҲûѪﺢӻǵ飬ͼ䡣
ƾѰͼ䣬Һ;벻ϵķһЩʷǣֵҷҵ鼮ѰҹѪ֧ƬΡ
Һ;붼ˣȴûһѪ꣡
ҪѪ꼯Һ;뺢ӵĻǣһΪʦҵöѪ꣬ҵأ
ԽҲκϣһ취ûУԽѰʦ䣬ʦΪʲôȻʧʧǰұκˣ
˵ԤϵԼʧԤϵʲô
ҪʦԤϵԼʧ᲻ǳʲô飬ʲôڱʦ
ʦȻѪˣòֻһ룬ֻҰѺӵĻǼ룬鲻˰ɣ
뵽⣬ҶʱüͷһԺвǻʦ˵ĻԸ£ɾȴʱҵ˾䣺ʦʲô𣿶ó


278 
⻰ֱǸҵͷһƹҵһѣ͵ؾͳ¥ʦҵĶȫһһ˳
ʦʱ򣬸һҡԴӽҴ򿪣ͼ֮Ҳ˻ĹĹѨ֮С
֮⡣ʦһԻа飬Ҳʱ֤ܱĹ죬˵Уʲôһʮİ
ǵʦҵʱ򣬸߹ңǧκ֪Ȿа飬˵֮⣬ûеڶ֪Ȿ顣
ҪҰⱾó⻹ЩԥϾʦȻʧˣ˵Ļȴûǣ
ұⱾ鷢Ѿã¥µȵķˣŲʱȻ

ŲɲǣҲ˳ƴҶ𡣰ŵĻһһæתͷȥʾ룺ôˣ
˵⻰ʱⱾģٶһ룬ұֹסˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼĵзٸߣһԵǾ룬ұȫ
һ֣ôˡҪǻǲرԲ˼ҵĸо
飬ʦģ
ǰĿⱾа飬ҵͷʾ룺𣿡
ɾȴ˵û£Ұø֮ҽ齻˾룬ֱ¥
аھѾüˣɾȴûκιа飬ƾ⼸춼ûг֡
ǹԳǣҴһ绰ôҲûʱ䷢ȫ͹Գ˵һ顣
󣬺ȻĬˣĬ˺þãõΪǲǶźţ뽫绰ˣԳȴڣңаɲøҿ
һԳ⻰ʱЩţʲô
ҿа취
ԳǵʮֵȻǳҾŹԳǣҲаø˰
ǲҵԥԳҲû˵ʲôһ䣺Ѫ꿴ãҰ취ҵ绰ȴڵ绰ҶǰڣùԳǵȵȡ
һʱЩ죬ңôˣ
𣬿ɹԳȴشûУ˼ƵģѶҶ鲻ټ
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һѰҴڸôǿˣôܻȻʧң֮£
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ϾģʦӻǾۼѪʱҲڳңҲ֪ġ
֣ίƾ֣λ˳ȥѰңҲδζǿֶ飬˴͹ޣɫ˵ټҲ˼ƵģӰ
棬Ȼڰ֣Դ֣
ΪЩ鼱ȹϵתֻûˣɷ۾ȴĲУÿڼĿҵǱаۿ·ûʲôǣġ
ֱҺȻӵĵ绰ϢüĿ
֮ǰĹϵܺãɰڸԵӪעΪѣΪѣȴҲҽ嵱Լѡ
ҲŸսĵ绰㼱ææĶ˾䣺ҵ𣿡
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˵ģȻûлش𣬿ֿ˻
Ҳأ徹ȻԼҲɵһȫףûʧ٣ô죿
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һ䲻ķӦǰǿűͽŵģʱĸǽ
ֻСĿڣ˾䣺㻹𣿡
ҵš˵ڡôżȱţѻ˵ˡ
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⻰û⣬ϸһȴҸоЩԾɵãʲôȣ
䣬͵صһ·ŷԼ˵˻Ҫ£⻰ŵߣҿûôúƵģ̾һ˵ʦڶҩÿԲ֮ҹһΣҪûнҩ֮ʦ
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ȴشңҲǣ֮ǰǺһֱǺϵֱǸħ˴ӳɽϳ֮ŷת䣬ǲκƵģԶɣʦ΢һ紵ݶŵҪ
һĵ͵ر㸡ֳĿ˸ߵģ
òᣬǴǸʱʼ˸ѵİɣ
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˵ûУ⻰Ÿ䣬ȴȻһǽޱȵ˾䣺ȵȣôһŮġ


279 Ѱ
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ɼȻô£ȻȥǾһзǳż飡
뵽⣬æ壺Ů˵ʲô𣿡
󣬴˾䣺˵ʲôҲֺ֪һֱ֮Һʦ뿪ˣŮӵҵǼǵãЩϡ
⣬һ͵һæ壺ʲô𣿡
˵ûˣ֮ʦҲûŮˡ
ֻգȴԽԽãеŮӷǳϤҪû´Ļ
òʧ˵ʦɣ
ʦʧôãȴȻȥҺһʧ٣
һ뵽⣬æϾʦǰ˸ӴűߵˣҪ˵ϵĺš
ѯʦЩ췢֮ȱţڼҵ绰
绰Ҷֱ֮ӽ£Լɵ鶼˵˾ɾȴһںŮУüͷϸѯ˾֮˵˾䣺ǿԣ֡
һʱЩɵۣʾ룺ʦ˸Ӵűߣѵϵ
ɾȴһ䣺˭֪أ֮ĿתԼеǱа֮ϡ
ֻо⼸컹ǿа鶼ˣ
춼ɳϿⱾ飡
ֱҹź˵Ժϵ£ǻûʲôȥæ˸绰ѯ֮ڽغһֹļ
üͷ͵һ壺ô֪ģ
ش˵˵ʦǸԵİ취ܹϵʦҲͨ취֪ڽغһǻû鵽ڵľλá
绰ʱҿ仰һ˵꣬ұ͵ؽĿת˾룬ȴҵ˵ͷæ˾䣺Ҫһȥ𣿡
ܻţ˵Ҳ֪ȻǱȻʧٱŵĲᣡ
󣬵̾һţһˣһȥһ
ȴԼһǺ;롣
֪Ϊʲôܸо⻰ʵЩ֣Ҳû̫⣬˵ȻǺ;밡
Ŷ˵õģ졭Ϣ
Ҷϵ绰֮Һ;Ѫ꣬ͼ֮֮󣬱˯ȥ
ͼȫˡ
ѪкӻǵνȳȴǺͷ
ڶһ磬𴲵ʱѾ¥µˣƾҵļ䵽֮󣬼ڼȺ壬ʦ徻ӡ
Щ̫˼ЦŶк徻ȴǵ˵ͷû˵
ԼĪаСʱ˾ȥ㽭飬飬ֱӶ˻Ʊ˷ɻ㽭һȥ
֪ΪγЩ죬ΪƾûҵԣܸоЩŤŤЩ˵
·ɻҰֻ˻һԳǷĶţȴֱӵ˳ҵ㿪һֹԳǸҷĶžȻǣѪйء
ʹѾ׼ɼţһǲĲУŴҲע⣬Ҹһʲôϵ
Ҳ֪ǲǹԳǵֻûԣһʱģҲûһϢҵԼĪʮӣֱӽֻ˿ڴ
徻Ӻ彨ĵһվ㽭ϵһƫԶСɽһ˸·ɻֱӴǰɽĴ͡
һ·ϣ徻һֱһ̣һյɫƻ͵ƣҲֹһⶫģûлشңԽԽԼԼľã徻Ӻ֮Ծڽһյ͵ƣ̵ָ
ƫԶСɽʱѾǰƻӽҹĻٵʱˣ³ұоƺһɺŨص
æָƲƲӣվһߣȴ룬徻ӣҲǸоģüͷ΢΢𣬶ҿվôĻ棬Щ֣Щ̫Ӧ
֮ǰûκ׼ֻԴһЩõϵ㡰Ҵҡĳˡ
ԣ³ĵһ±ǽӣȥһס£ٴӳ顣
ǲ߽ӣȴӴ͸¶ż֣Ǿãֵĵ൱ԣҪӲҪ˵֣˵ܸһʲôǱڵΣǱܡ
ѵ˵ǲ㽭ҵڵĴӣвƱ׼
ң徻ӵУϼɻ󣬲ƺãƭǵӡ
ԼĪʮӣòߵ˴סĵطֵǣڲŲߵӣɫûȫҼһĴţȴȫÿ˼ҵĴϣһʮ۵ĺɫ
һôģüͷʱһͷһ۾룬ȴޱҳŴȥ
˿⣬ȴ֡Ĭߵһ佨ĽΪſͣ£ֱ̧֣ţ𣿡
ŵɲǣڵ˻ûӦҵֻȴˡ
ҽֻһȻǹԳǵĶţ
ⷢŵʱ仹ɣŵʱ򡭡


280 Գ
ҽŵ㿪һԳȴظ˵ҲҪΪʲôûо߷ʲô飿
ҽſ꣬ϸԼعһ飬ȴ֡߰ܶ࣬ûй飡
ҸջһûСȴһӰʣ˭ѽ
عˡڴס죬ܲܿţ
峢⻧˼ҹͨ⻧˼һˣƵġʱû˰
״Ҳû٣ǻͷʦһۣС徻ӣʦô죿
徻ԹҲûش壬ǰһѽŵŴɫֽϸϸĿһ飬ֽԭ⻧˼ҵĴţڵˣǶǵӵܣ̫а֡ԲġҸոտǴŵѪɰտ԰ǴЩ顣
徻⻰˵Ĳһ֮ûУȴղ˵Ǿˣڴס췸˳ͻ
ڣ˴ڸ߶ȽţЩ״̬ҲûЩСķ徻ӣǵʿ˴аԹаģ
徻ӵšû˵ٲȻһɷǵģ˵Ӿĵõˡ
ǵõ徻ӵĳŵ⻧˼ҵľҲ˲٣ںȻС·΢΢һС϶һ˴ͷŴһߣ徻һޱȵĵۣų·Ŵ򿪡
ű֮һֱ˽ȥҺ;뾲һߣ˭û˵徻Ӻǵġ⡱Ǯӵˣ˵ס¼졣
ӵŮˣһλͣԼĪʮϸˣϿܿΪʵغ徻ӺһǮֱӾܾˣ˵ʲôǰӴæģôǮأ
һ˵⻰һ߰˴׼˲ˮһЩʳֻûǵˡ
ò˵ϵرͳҴ˵徻ӣŷͣ±㽫﷢˸
֪֮ȴҲֻһϣֱȥˣÿ˼ŵѪµġ
λ˵Ӵһǰʼֳֹ飬Ǽҧ˲ѪǴһЩҰȻ˰··ߵĴƹĶҧ
һʼ˶̫⣬ϾǺۼģʱ䲻֮ǰҲûʲô飬ֱĲˣҵӣ
ʱҵѾΪʱΪˡ
ҸǣҪǸˣˣȴдĵڶڴңۼҧĲӡ
˵ǰʱдµǲʲôȽĹѨʬըʬɶûҵʵʵ֤ݣһֱû𣬿ɶ˼ȥթʬڴӣɵӶܽһУͽʬϵһ
̶ʱôڴձʮֽţټˣ˵˻ըʬʱĻ̵̻ĲС
ڴҥΪɢʱ֣ﱻʬҧթʬ˵ĴʬշֺʹĴ˵µһߵ൱ߵеʬɷǳһʱԸˣĴҼһһѪһھ͹ţʣϽ˵һ֮ʬɷ뿪ӡ
˵Щæȥˡ
⣬ҶʱЩɻʬɷʬΪͼаˣҶɴο
ǳһʱᴦˣҲֻܻе˰ˡ
ֵĶȴʧôףһټѰݻݳֲŶԣΪʲôĿʾˣӣ
λ˵Ļһûüʣ徻ѾŵֱӿʵǾǴӵӳֵʱԼһˣǴˣмֻʬɷ𣿡
ɴȴش˵Īһ˳ֵģֻʬɷ֮⣬û˼
һ˵ţһ߸̾һǺĳ
ҲֻǺǵЦҲʹʵױƻ˸ƭȥ
ҿǵѪܱʬɷǼ٣ҪǾڴʬɣ
ǾǴӵӣֻʬɷô𣿡
徻ӽüͷٴ˾䡣
ȴҡҡͷ˵ûС
⣬ǶˣҲֻܿջϲһҪôԭصţ᲻Ҫôͼ⿴ܻǼӿŲ׷ȥ
ǳüĪչɲǣֻˣŵˣǹԳǣ벻ǣҷĶǣѾ㽭
һţæһ
ǹԳȴûٻϢ죬Ҳ
ǼЩĲɣңôˣ
ҡҡͷ˵û£ȴ徻ӵĿⶼۼҺ;˵ϣ˵۵׸⣬ȴ˭û˵
ǰŵӣ˯һ䣬徻˯һģ⻰˵ڣˣðһɾǧ֮ϢѴŵĲᡭ
Ҽ״æů˳˵Һ;£徻ʦͽ˯һ䣬εЦЦȥ
ɴŸߣ徻ȴվҺ;ķ˿ûҪߵ˼


281 ʬɷ
վҺ;뷿Һ;붼̲סüͷɵҿڣ˾䣺£
µɲǣ徻뿪Һ;ķ䣬뿪ʱȴϵĻͷ˺ü죬ƺ˵Щʲôֹ
Ҽ״ɵ̾һͷһ۾룬ôģ
ҾãʬɷӦûڴұĽ˵ԼѾʬɷҪѪѪϣһ¡
뵭ĻشңģҲ;һģһ
ֻѪʮͨҸȥ飬Ѫϵʲô£ҪǽŲĻƻܷһЩ֮
һҹΣ˯ʮְȡ˵һ紵ݶˣŲ϶ûһҪ֪лˣΪһӶأ
ڶһ𴲵ʱ̫ѾˣǱѵģ;֮󣬸տţȴڿŵɲֱԭء
⡣զվô񣬽ĿΧ㶼ˣ
徻ӣȺֱӰΧȺ֮УҪҿŵ볯ҵķ򿴹ҶȺҵ
ôˣɻĿڣĿЩɡ
徻ûشңȴֱԽȺܵҵԣҶСĵ˾䣺⻧һľȥ˵ĸаĵӵܣȫһߣȫ˶ңаʲôʱߡ
Ƕ¶Щ˽⣬ͷһ۾룬ȴɫȻһҴõģ
Ҽ״ߵȺȥΧΧŵĴȴȻȫ뽫Ŀת⣬ҺҲǵĿ⣬ת⡣
Ŀתɲǣȴ߽һλʮ곤ˣ˳ֵɲǣóһ׷׺к峤
һⳡ棬ʱˣǰλ峤ڴܸߣԲŵôôӡ
峤һ徻һֿۣҺ壬һۣǹ˹֣ʮֿĵ˾䣺ӭλСѡ
˵徻Ҳʮģɺ峤һȣȥȴ˲٣峤Сѵʱ򣬼Ҳ
徻ӵԴ峤ЦЦû˵Ҳ徻һŴ峤ЦЦԴ峤кá
۾룬ȴһ˿ûʲô̫ķӦ
˾Ǵ仨˵ģִаڣæаĵ𣿡
ʱ峤ڣʮֱֿߵǵǰҲ˳žߵ徻ӵԡ
˶û˵뽫Ŀת徻ӣ徻򵭵˵ͷʹ峤˼䣬ʼ˽˽ʱ򣬴峤ҲʮֽеĴ񶼸֧˿˷䣬ϸĽŴϣ˵ʱҲʮСĽ
峤֮ǰ˵ȻҪĶ࣬ڴŵʱסҲǴ峤ļС
ݴ峤˵˽º˵ʬɷѾǧ꣬ʱһϮɫѣԹ죬ǳѶԸټ֮ʬɷŮʱأʬɷĵС
ң峤һΪѣǾǣֻʬɷǺĴôģҲֻ֪˵Ǹرֻʬɷ
峤ĻûӦ徻Ӻ뿴һۣ徻СҲ֪˵Щʲô弱æܵҵԣҵĶߣ˾䣺˵Ůˣֻʬɷ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ãŮʬɷĻӣпܣֻʬɷʲôҪģ˵ֻʬɷǰݷǳ⣬ǸŮӷֻʬɷȥ
˵⻰æصʦԣʦ˵һ飬ʦ󣬵ĿһۣҲûӦ
峤վһԣһһģԵЩΣС˾䣺ֻʬɷڴǴô
徻Ҫڣȴֱ˻Ȩʴ峤λѪӣ뿪ǰ˵Ѫ𣿡
峤ҡҡͷ˵ûУ⻰Ÿ䣬ʲôƵģĵ˾䣺û˵ʱסҼңҼҵĸ̫ãǺʲô˴绰Ƶģһ˵Ѫڴһ֮󣬺γʲô󷨣֮ĻҲû̫ˡ
峤⻰һ˵꣬徻ӵ˫΢ĵѾ˶ԲߣԴ峤˵ѴѪȫȡ£ȻһŪһ󷨳Ȧһأôǽȫ˭
峤һæ徻ӣǴô
徻ȴڳһĪģһ˦еķɷǵĲУ˾䣺㲻Ҫ֪ôֻ࣬ҪڽǶҲµ֮оͿˡĸȥֻʬɷ
徻Ӷô˵ˣ峤Ҳ˼ʣ˵ͷû˵徻ȴʱ˾䣺ˣǿֻ֪ʬɷڴĸλ𣿡
峤ҡҡͷ˵֪ûһ˼
徻˾䣺Ǵ֮թʬǸǰ֪
峤˵ͷ˵˴˵ʬѾˣĹѨֻйǻҡ
ʹ峤Ѿ磬峤ʮȥԷʱ򻹴ȥ˴λķĹǰ濴˿
徻ӵĹϵʱ򣬻ǰ㣬һŴףĹһȦ
Ҳ̫ҵĶһʱû徻ôʱ徻ȴȻסҡ


282 
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徻ӵ𣬻֡
ҲŲæĳ徻ӵķ˹ȥ徻ǰͣµɲǣȴȻֻϡ
Ҽ״ɵЩɻС˾䣺ΪʲôҪҵ㰡
徻ȴ˾䣺㡣
֪Ϊʲô徻⻰ЩֵֹġɺĿһֿһ;룬ûʲôӦŽϡ徻ָķ
˵Ҳ֣ҵֻ򣬲ǷĹ˵ıǰǷĹࡣ
ֻһֻȥɲǣΧ͵磬ֹס˸
峤ôĻ棬ɫҲǲ԰׵ĲУСһ䣺ǲǳʲô£
徻ҡҡͷʱǵ˾䣺Ȼȥɣһ극ڴҿյءȥ󷨡
峤󣬵˵ͷǵ˴ſ֮뿪
˴֮ȫ˿۵С۵㿴ҿ㣬ȴ˭û˵ֱԽԽΣ徻һ䣺֪ҸղΪʲôȥĹǰ𣿡
ҡҡͷû˵徻ȴһ䣺нʬҧ˶թʬʬҧֱ֮˵ǾʬĻǣٶǻԼķرߣһһĵһĹǰֱӸһ㣬һȦŴΪɢ˲ɷͶ̥ʱܹ˳һ㣬񣬶İֱȽӲֲϵ򣬶ٶһǺ
˵⣬徻ңƺڵҵķӦҵġšһż˵һμ棬Ҹ˸ǸһѣɢɷҲֱɻȫ䲻ҡ
ô㣿
üͷʵ徻ȴشһ˵ǱֻʬɷҧˣǴ֮⣬ΨһһλӴʬɷˣҵĻ壬ʣ֪ʬɷľ˲
徻֮ôϵѪȡ£Ȧһأ󷨣Ҳ׼ϾֻʬɷڴûȥһôˣҲ˵񡭡
Ͼ
Ѫʵûаôֻջ۵ĻһЩγסʬɷˡ
˵˵ȥЩʱһǻشġ
ôʬ壬ֻҪһʬУҲ
ò˵ϵ徻һֻŶˣرǰ˺󣬽һж׼ر׵Ҫ֣һһܴ
۾룬һ춼û˵һ仰͸ƵվҵԣǴʲôٶʲô˵ʲôû㷴Ӧ
ԽԽ׽͸Խ徻ÿ˵һЩҪ飬òһ۾룬뿴ʲôӦ
ȫʧˡ
еʱûзӦӦ˵ˡζ
ҹ峤Ѿţ˵ѾҵһأǴһյأطܴݵд񣬾һ㲻̫ãر
徻Ҳû˵ʲôֻǽжֱӸȥɵյһ徻ӵɫȴķǳѿʴ峤ûбĵط𣿡
峤ҡҡͷ徻ӣôˣط𣿡
徻ӵͷɫأ˵طأһ鼫֮أҪûĻ˵Ҳһӡ
ʵط⣬徻ӿˣһߵ⣬оĲ̫һ˵ҹ¶ȱЩͣɲ̤أȴ˸оðŲٺ
Ȼʺﲼ󣿡
峤һ徻ģʱЩţС˾徻ӡ
˵Ҳ֣ڴ峤仰ʳڵɲǣ徻ӻûüشҵֻȴˣ
㿪һ־ȻǹԳǷģȻ˾䣺ⲼҾͦõģ
ţͷƤ͵һ飬ֻоԼǱ˼ƵģܲtȴûԳǵİӰ
ţҲ͵𣬽æԼˣԳ˵
Ҳط
Ҳͬ徻ӻطģɹԳǾȻô˵ˣҲòӣϾô˵϶ɡ
Ҫط⣬ﱻ֮ģǡ֤ˣԳ
˵ѡӹԳ⡰һǵ׼һ徻ӿǰ徻˵ﲼɣһ߻ԺţԼǲҲﲼһ󷨣
徻Ӻʹ峤壬һﲼЩ⣬峤ǲһ䣺ﲻ𡭡
Ļû˵еȴΡ
Цŵ˵ͷ۵׺ڳһƬ̶
ǰ⣬ǻĸ𣿡
䣬峤ɫ͵һ䣬û˺ƤɻЩÿܱ֤ܲİȫȻΪôĴС
ҡҡͷԴ峤˵˾䣺ģĸڣĴȻǲģ֮Ծﲼ󲻴ȻҵĵɣһҺ徻ӵȥʬɷʱػ㿴ô
˵䣬ָָ룬ޱ飬ȴ˵ͷͬˡ
峤ҵĻҲĿת˾λã´˾һۣҲ֪Ǿһ˳棬ǾĬ˾øĪ⣬峤Ҳû˵ͬˡ
֮徻ֱΧһƼ򵥣ȴʮָӵ󷨣ŴףյһȦ徻ϼǿһаı
¾㱸鶼׼Һ徻Ǵȥλթʬ˴Ĺǰʱ򣬾Ȼڶҵ˾䣺ԼСĵ㡣


283 Ļ
󣬻ͷԾ˵ͷֱӸ徻ǳصķȥ·ϹԳǸҷһţżֵ٩
ôģŲҰ˵Ļþ±Щ񣿡
ţûԳǻء̫
һֱڰһһƵģһָҷһûҪôһٵġ
һûعԳǶţȴԽԽùԳǲҲе㾫ԼԴ˴Ĺϵܸ֮оԽԽˣģرϲʶ
òᡭ
Լܺ˵֮󣬰ҵʲô֧֮İɣ
뵽⣬䲻Ĵ˸ʱѾ徻ӻߵ⴦ǰ
ǰڷǰ֧ȼˣڷĹյֻʣЩͻڵϣ徻ǰµŴͲӰһڹĺۼûС
Ҽ״ЩŪף̧ͷһ徻ӣô죬ȴٴεȼ֧㣬ĹǰһȦŴףжʱһģһ
Ψһͬģֻûڽҵ㣬ԼԵϣȥƲƲһԵֱĹǰ棬Ҳһ˵ۡҲ֪˼Щʲô
ʱһһĹȥˣվһվľ˽ҲЩᣬüͷһ壬ȴһվĶЩˣɵãСһ䣺ô
ҡͷ˵Ҳ֪п˵ңܹŴôɾ
һЩûף˵ΪʲôܹŴôף
⻰˵꣬ȴӦ˹
Ϊŵʬթʬʬʬ屻ˣֻʣ˻壬ȴҲǺܺŴ׵ģ
ԣŴ׸ص˸ģ֮󣬽Ŵ׸ôɾ
˼ȥô룬ȴ벻һӦòôģƽ޹رɨŴףŴ׵ˣܴĴ
һ뵽Ĵȴ־ЩܣӦ˵Ĵϣǽʬɷһȶİ
Ŵ׵ˣǴĴô˵һ£
ӵĴй
ǳʬɷֻ˵֪Ѷˣ
ֻǲ֪֪Ѷ˵Ĵһˣдˣ
뵽⣬̧ͷһ壬Сĸߣϵһ飬û뵽ǣľȻһ
һз֮ٿ徻⶯ѾҪôװģڰǵ˿ҪôڵȣЩ꣬ᡣ
ʱ䶼һһĹȥˣۿѾҪ꣬ȴû㶯˵Ĳлˣһ紵ݶûУ
߰ɡ
ʱ徻Ӵӵվڼ䣬ѾߵǰûֱͣӴǣŴ峤Ȧصǿȥ
峤ȦصĵطⲻԶûãѾߵǴ
ȫĴڱȦȦм˹˼ֹ죬ȴ˼ϲ졣
ޱվһԣûʹ죬Ҳûκһɫֱһ徻ǴӰ˳ǽɫ滺˲١
пʲôɵ𣿡
徻ӿʵ
Ƿ׷ҡͷ˵ûУ֮徻ӱû˵Ǻʹ峤˵˾䣬Ѿش֣ôȻȥƾܳһЩüĿˡ
⻰䣬ȺԱ¶˼ּޱȵգ峤ֱкǻؼҺúЪ£Ϣ
ֱ峤ȫúãźǵ˱ҲúϢ̫ˡ
徻ӵͷʹ峤˼䣬ǻص˴ļ
֮徻ӺȴûԼķ䣬ǸҺ;뵽֮󣬿ʾ룺ոзʲô𣿡
ҡͷû˵徻һ䣺ûЩеֵֹģ
˵ģûоã徻ʵȴңǾ룬˳ƣĿת˾룬ȴ֣кȻżɶڷ徻ӣ㷢ʲô
徻Ӵ徻ӵɫһ㶣ܿ㷴Ӧ˹ر߷¶ȫ;˵һ顣
ǹ˹۵׵ĿЩţͷĵ˾䣺Ϸˡ
徻һɫ͵Щţʾ룺ʲôϷ
ɾȴһ䣬ʱˣ֪
֮û˵˼ȴ൱ԣҪͿˡ
ʱҹҲѾˣ徻ӺҲöֱ뿪䣬ǰʾһ䣺öĻĴ񣬻ֻߣеˣ
ɾ룬ȴ˵˾䣬пܣ֮û˵
徻ߺ󣬾һѽϣϴɲǣֱӽ§˻УƺǴ˯ˡ
ɺɲɵǡ
ĺҵĶ䣬һɹɿòҵӾĻһȴĸˡ
ɳִż֡ѹֵҶ𣺡𶯡
ôˣ
Ҳ˾䣬ЩһʱΧĿ⻰˵꣬ȴЩֵֹġ
ܸ֮оʲôڶˣɫ͵һӾĻѿˡ
κҵûоĴ󣬸޷Ļѣǣ
ϻԴԴϣҶɹ˹ŪЩܣ˸ż
״ҵɫһ죬ںڰۣȴ˫̶ҫ۵ĺͫעҡ
㡭˯۰
ҶʱЩţǴżֻҵĿڵ


284 Գǣ
뵭ġšһżŨ⣬͵һƺ뵽˽ᷢ顭
æۣһʬƵԭˡꡱһֱЦ˳Ц֮ҵԴ˾䣺ɵ
ҽŵû˵֮ľȴû˶Լʲôʱ˯ȥĶ벻ˣֱڶһ۾һŷ֣ԼϾȻ˯ˡ
𴲵ʱ򣬾ѾûڷˣЩӵɾ͵ҴŲ鿴ôµʱȴ֣Ѿûˣ
ЩӵҲ·ߴġ
ҶʱЩˣܵ徻ӺķȥȴҲûڷܵķ䣬ȴķҲһˡ
ҵɫ˲Щ԰ףæͳֻ˸绰ڡ绰ܿ㱻ͨˣ˵˯ĺûнң֮ǰرϴ飬ڹ
绰Ҷ֮æžǵķȥԼĪ˶ʮӣڵǴصĽ£ȴССķرϣȴվ˴ĴЩԶ徻Ӻʹ峤˵ЩʲôæӳŷȥȥŶûվȣȴ徻˵˾䣺û𣿡
һûʲô䡣Сô£
ȴָָһԵķضѣ˵˾䣺Ŵֲˡ
ɫʱ˰ףһ䣺ʲôʱ£
ȴشҾ䣬˵Ҳ֪
֮峤徻һ䣺ˣһȥ֮û˴ӼҲ֪رߵŴף˭Ʋġ
峤⻰ˣ徻ӷŴûˣںʹ峤أٶЩݾߣֱӸߴ峤Ƿ˴ܹ죬ҪǴ峤û⣬ȻܵĹ֮
ҪǴ峤⣬ô徻⻰Ǹ峤һѣҪ⣬һڶʱ֮ڣж
徻峤ĻҲûӦִֻӱͳ֧㣬ѾˣɲͬǣȴûصĹǰֱӲ˷Ѷϡ
ڴи˵Ҫʱ򣬰ڷѶϣʹѹһͷǴ󲻾ģ
徻һ꣬һֱǰ˳ĴʱϾȻŵˣѾǼĶʱûн飬ʱָĸ˫ճµģдĴҶٶЩմ״ʣ徻һٶڴٲȻڴͷƵġ
ڣĴ峤رϣЩٲ⣬峤ɫһ䣬Ҳûʲô
ٴҲҪĵ峤ѹ֮󣬱㿪徻ӣֱڱ˵ķͷϣǲЩ̫á
徻󣬵ġšһ˾䣺ǾãҰͷϣѹǳ¼Ҵһͷ𣿡
峤ɫһ䣬С˵˾䣺ҲǸ˼
֮ǰ˵ĻȴǸ˼ҶˣЩܴģҲû˻ôģֱӽҴһЩͱƵĻ
徻ֻǵЦЦô峤ǰúÿ㵽ǲǲ˷ͷϡ
峤æǰϸĿһ£֮ȴ𾪵ĲУæ˾䣺ĸˣûУֱڷͷϡ
󣬳˳ǣ˿徻Ӳ֧㣬ȴ֧峤˵ǰ㣬ûвУֱڵķͷϡ
峤䣬ŭҲ˲٣û˸˵ʲôǿ徻ӵĿ⣬һ񿴻Ƶġ
Ҽ״ֻø̾ϣЩĵŴ׵޹أֻ˵ڵݼر߳ˡ
ƽϢ֮徻ֱкɽ˵ϴһҪһΣôҶȥϢ˵һӲ̡
徻⻰һ˵ڣǶʱЩţȺиֱӿ˼ǣʬɷͻᱻ𣿡
徻ȴǼΪĻһ䣺й¶
ڴĶУһɷǵģˣȴǺЦһһй¶ԼҲûаգ֪һᷢʲô
εŴױ޹ʲߣĵ׵˵ףŴ׵ˣһ谭ǵжһԭǲϣҵǾʬɷ
һһ㲻̫ףΪʲôֱӰͷĻǸɢôµĶں棿
Ҹ벻׵ǣ徻ֱӽǣӷͷŪȴһֱķʽ
ڣˣֱӲֻͷϣһ֣û˴֮徻ΪʲôҪȴ˵ǻԶĸԸһЩ飬Ȼȫ֮ߣǱƹĻһǼϢߴ˵ô죿
ϾڲһȺʬɷ
һһ仰ʱЩ£徻ӣʲô˼ʲôһȺˣѵ㷢ʲô˵Ѿ֪˭ڱ󶯵ֽţ
徻ȴʱĿת˾룬ǿƵģֱһǿˡ
ǣһ˯ʱ򣬾ͨˣ˶Բߣ
ɵã죬žһЦֽŵ˭
ûشҡ
ҽţһ䣺𣿡
ҡͷһϷ˾䣺ǻǴĴ񣿡
뻹ҡͷǴǰԴĻɣͷŸҡȴֵ˵ͷĵ˾䣺Щû˵ʵ
ŪŴף·ģǴ𣿡
üŵ뵭ͷ˾䣺ǻ˭
ƺ뵽ʲô͵صɴ˫ۣŴʵòǹԳǰɣ


285 Գ磿
һʣЦ˾䣺ΪʲôûҲ𣿡
һ⻰æ죬Լƺе˵©ˣЦ˵˾䣺ûǡ뵽
ɾȴңΪʲô˴
һ£ôо˸ӵأ
Ҳǲ;˵ԳҲ顣ֻôˣԳںǺĹϵҪҰһ˵ǲЩ̫ã
һԾ˾䣺Ҳ֪ܸо˴ôĵˣôС͵СĶѵ
⻰˼ȻڰŴ׸Ū⶯رС͵С
ЦЦû˵ֻ˾䣺ͻн
üȴûڿʾ롣
ϾԾӣ˵ֱӸңҪǲ˵飬ʸǧٴΡҲ͸¶һϢܵľ˷Ƶġ
ȴϰϾʲôΪģң
ʱ򣬾صȥ˯һȴڴҵĿ徻ӻ˴۵Сۡ෢Щˣȥ˯̫ȴѾɽˡ
һ磬˶ѵÿڽ䡣徻ʱڿˡڡ˵ʲôСһ㣬Ҫû´ĻƶۼССĳ¼Ҵ
üͷһ⿪ʳƵ徻ӣΪʲôƴӣ
徻ӣǹʳƵģĵ˾䣺ܾãغŮδ
һɫЩӲδʦѾˣҶٶ֪ҲûʦԽȴԽųԡ
徻ôһ˵̲סһ䣺Ϊʲôã
˵ĵ߸С
벻徻ӾȻһôû׵ĻҲ֪֪ЩʲôԸ͸¶˵̫ףĵ߸оãǸδ
ɾ㣬δߵôһʬɷôôͣ
Ҫ֪ʦǰˣ֮ʬ廹Щ꣬һֱԻ䣬û尡
ҽһʣ徻ȴ׳һҡ
ã˭ͣδȻ伣øֻΪѰһʬ壿
⻰˵ķǳɣһʬ廹صؼ֡
һʬҪһݵ˵ʬ壬ֻߣøʬ壬Ͳˡ
仰Ļ䣬ĩˣ徻ֺȻһ䣺ңһߺŮʬ
˵⻰ʱĿһֱҷЦҿģͷƤ˰ء
˵ЩʲôȴһŵͷһȴѾʱ𴲴ӷ˳ʱѾһ̫Ҳɽ
ҹĻҪǾ˵ĻôעǸ֮ҹ
֮ѾĬԼĪʮӣҲ߻һٿƼ򵥣ȴΪʢ
Թ֮󣬴峤šŵ㡱ƵģҴҽ徻˵ô죿
徻ӿ˴峤һۣô峤ȫϵĵط˵⻰ʱȫ֣ҧĺأڴ峤ʲôȴΪĳ˳ǡ
ǣڻɴ⣬Ǻ;һЩû˵ʵأ
첼õ󷨣Һ徻˸ֲһ飬󽫾ԭر֤İΣ֮Һǰ
׻˵úã²Ѿǰĵˣ
Ҫζ޷еĻģ徻ӶȲȥĲУĲУǾӲˡ
ǰ徻û㣬Ҳû򣬶ǴӱһֽǮǰʼգԼĪʮӣΧĿѾԽԽͣ͵ֻоƺʲôĶΧ
ɵϸǰһȴʲô
ֽǮѾȫˣ徻֧㣬ǹճһ̵Уվǰĵ˾䣺𣿡
ҪǲĻȥҲ̫ܡ
ֻ˵ʱԶճһǴ󲻼ȴû˵ճһ̵ڷǰԻʲôõĵط
ɵãҿһ徻ӣдŵɻ
ǸӦĿƵģֻǵĿһۣ۵ʮһ㽫ֱӲơ
⶯ʱ嵭һŵҵֻ֣оҵֶ챻ˡ
徻⶯ʱƫƫֵʮֻǹһƵģͣڰա
סֻоΧϢԽԽѹ֣ԽԽͣԵķ磬ҲԽԽ
ɾʱҵֻȴȻ
ֻһ˾ȻǹԳǣ
ʱҴ绰ʲô
ʱ徻ӵĶ뽫ĿתҵλãЩΣʿˮ绰
ι
˵⻰ʱҵЩΣǲ绰ģȴҲ׹Գʲôˣǲƽ޹ʵʱҴ绰ģǣҪ顭
徻ӱ֧㣬а취
ȻԳǾͶⰵһֱϸϸĹ۲ǵľٶ
ѾϣɽΧĲУһСɽοֻﴫ
ԳǵĻ䣬徻ӱֱӿڣʵ绰ˣ˭
Գǡ
ҵĻ徻֣ûϾԳǻֱӸҴ绰ҲûҪ


286 
ҵĻ䣬徻һ˾ȻǹԳȻ𾪲ѣСҾ䣺ʱ绰ʲô
ȱ塣
Ҳ֪Բûлش徻ӣͣеĶʹԳǣʲô취
⻰ʱһмڴڴԳǻʲô취ڴҲ֪
ǰֽǮص˾ͻԶ
ʱԳǵȻ΢΢üëĵֹţΪʲôҰ
ô򵥣ҵĿ˾䣬ɹԳȴš󽫵绰ֱӹҶˡ
ô˵绰һҶ֮徻æ˾䣬ҰѹԳǵһ˵ֱӸһֽǮֻҽӹ֮󣬽֧˱ۣǰݣĹǰ档
ֽֽ֮ǮĹǰԽеֽǮԽܸܵΧ¶ڽ͡
·ֽǮ꣬Ҳų
ֵǣеֽǮҪմˣΧ˿һ֮⣬ȴûκζ
ɵã̧ͷ徻Ӻһۣȴ˵ɫЩ̫ÿ徻ӻڵ˾䣺ȻһᡣӲģ
ҡҡͷû˵ɾʱΧȴЩ
ʲôʼ㼯ûãͷȻ߳һλɫ԰ף£еӡ
ӵ˫Ѿȥ¶ļʬߣҪû´ĻӦþλʬɷҧ֮թʬĴˡ
Ŀҵϣʮֺ£ߣЩŤŤ󲻸ҿ
ǳ¸𣿡
⸱ģС̽Ե˾䡣
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Ҽ״ʿˮһĨЦݣ𣿡
¸û˵ֻǵĵ˵ͷǳ䱸Ŀ˿ܣĿעӵ徻Ӻʱż˼
Һ񣬼㡣
˼ŽĿתҵϣżֺֻ֣̿£ҿӣȴԽԽ⡣
ңң
ʲôʱҵģ
ҲĿ˾䣬Ŵ˵񣬺ʱ򡣡
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ܿ϶ҳμ֮⣬ûˣɵã˾䣺ʱ򣬼ʲôģ
˭ϣҵĻŸ䣬ĺʱЩʲôµĲϺˣȴСĵıϵʯӰݺˤ˵ϣĵɴ˫ָۣң㡭㡭
ҿӣеɻˣ̧ǰȴµڵϲɱңɱҡ
£ң徻ӺУ˼ɻң֮ǰӣ𣿡
ҡͷ˵ûС
ҵĻŸ䣬¸ĲлȴµطУ徻ۼֿ˦ŻƷԭء
Ϊʲôôң
ֵԽǹ죬ұԽŪԵɣԽĵǰʵ
ҵĿֵȴԽԽ£ﲻ߶ţɱңɱҡ
Ȼһ֮ǰʲôֻ˵Ǳʲôɱˣɱˣпܣҳúһģһ
ѵ˵ɫݳҵӣɱ
һ뵽ȴ˳ԳЦˡ
˵ɫǵĶô죬¼Ҵ֮ǰԡ
пܣɱǾʬ壬ҳһģһ
뵽ɲǣ徻ӺҲͬʱ뵽Ƶģɴ˫ۿҡ
Ҫ˵Щʲôȴ˲ٷ紵ݶһĨ޺ޱȵӰǵǰһζȻûɿӣȴʹʬɷ൱ƣ
ңӰӳֵɲǣ¸Ҳˣ۵׵ĺ¸ˣҪû´ĻĨһӰӣʬɷɣ
ûԥ͵ؾ͸徻ӻֱӳȥȥɲǣȴŮӵĽЦʮĶˡ
ʬɷܶٶȷǳ죬ʹüֻ֮ǿϣ˦˺棬徻Ӹҵٶȱ˲١
ʬɷԽԽԶ徻ǵλãҲԽԽԶҶҪߵ̵ĵشŻͣ½ŲҪȥɾʱһֱǰʬɷȴعͷŲҰޣִżұݣһЦ⡭
Ҽʬɷɲǣ˱ŵľ⵽Ƶģֱԭء
ʬɷȻĺһģһ
ϴŵ·ҪûĻǰĻʮƣװ磬ͷϴŵĻζһޡ
״ȻǸǰ̽Եɣʬɷȴ¶֮󣬼ӿ˱ܵĽŲֱӽҺݺݵ˦һղС
¼Ҵܴϵ·ҲԼ߹ģ֮ǰ׷ʬɷʱǱܵٶ̫죬쵽Ҳ֪Լܵʲôط
ɵãҽŲͣ£Ҫͷȴ֡
һƬڣ·ǰǾߡ
µġ
Ƕ޵ĸдС
ʿˮСĺ徻ӣ壬𣿡
ȴ˻ӦҵȻĵɽϵŻҵĶԡ
գҸո׷ģ𣿡
Ȼ֪ΪʲôǰʬһȷҸո׷Ǿʬ壬ǻգҲǰʬ壡
ǵãĹ޹̮֮ľʧƾ˺þãûκϢֻΪɽҲûھ
ڿôоһУѾźƵģ
ɵãĬ룬뽫뻽ҵߡ


287 ̧ͷ
ɾĬɲǣǰȻһĨ޺ޱȵӰ͵̧ͷȴźҳһģһҷЦ
յ˵һģһɱȴ˼ֽޣұɱеȴʧ˼һƤҡ
ҿԿ϶ʬϸûиϻǣԽԽЩ治壬Ȼ϶ûǣʱʬҲûʬôӻĹǧ㽭¼Ҵģһըʬ
ֱͦ壬ǰ߻յʬӣʬ弴թʬȴûǣȥһʬ⡣ҵĿ⣬żаԣͼ̰
Ҫ˿ʬ壬ӦھͻֲŶԣڶû˳֣ѵ˵ʬթʬǱȻżȻŻǧ¼Ҵ
ɵãҵϴżͼУʬԳ֣ȴ̫˺
Ͼǰʬ壬
ԲϸһȴѻڽУ̶ĸǽⱾ͹صգеĸӹˡ
ٺٺٺٺ١
ʬ壬ȻճһʮЦݣңЦ߳ҵķһ
ҽŵðͼյĸˣʬ弴ɲǣȴŲ͵ؽĿһתҲ֪ǿʲôݡһֱˣ
˳֮ǰĿ⿴ȥȴ˺յ֮⣬ʲôûɵãüͷ볯ǰߣȴһůĻ
ɵ
Ҷ𣬻عͷɲǣҵǣȴûڴϣҳȥ
ľ룬Щɻ󣬱Ͼ֮ǰĬ룬붼һ֣ΣûĬҲûκʾȴˣ
ң뻹ػŴ
ֱ뿪ޱȵӣſʾ룺ôˣ
ɵƵĿһۣ˳ǣЦΣգܲ𣿡
⻰ȻǴʣҵĶԣܸоЩ컬ģɵã˾һۣȴЦЦ˾䣺徻Ӻ˵ģ˵׷ʬɷ׷ĲӰҳѰ㡣
󣬵˵ͷȻ
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ҡͷ˵ûУôˣ
ұؾ䡰û¡һ뵽֮ǰ飬ɵʿˮ˵һ飬ûӦȴǾߺʬɷǻʬɲǣüͷһĿҿ壬Щʲôɵãֻա
ûֱһشӣǴ˳¸ķǰѳ¸гɾߵ¸ǰɲǣȴֱɵԭء
¸ĻǣѾˣ
ܳɢϢ֮⣬ûлĺۼ
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ұ˭ŻƷ˵ԻյʬûôˣǱڴ˵ûһãȫǸǵİο
ڰҪڱͱǵӣǶֽţǳ׾١
ص˴֮Ұ׷ʬɷͳ¸ǰ飬˵һ飬Ҳɵüͷ徻ӻһ䣺ڸô죿
⻰ʱ۾Ƕž룬Ȼ֮£ֻо˵Ļŷ
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徻Ӻ壬Ҳûɴķ䣬˿룬ֿ˿ңֱӻصԼķ
˵ģô죬ԽãѹԽԽ뿪ӣɴȴԽԽ࣬ൽ·ָоֻһܽͱƣڲģȴһ
յʬ嶼Ѿ¶˳ţڰˣҲžгģҲûڶ룬˯ǰ˼䣬С
ڶ𴲵ʱر磬ھ徻ӻ֮ǰһһֻʣͼһȦǽӶһ飬ԼĪߵʱ򣬾𴲣Ҵ˸绰ģ˵ɢҲûڶʡ
ڴһϣÿߵһĵطأʧĵطұͣ£ű˸ֶϼס
ɶŶţȴԽãӷǳ⡣
ӵ⣬¶ĲǸò֮ϣӵķˮɵãٽʮʱǴߵĵطһٴ˸֡
еȴ𾪲ѡ
һӷˮľ֣ȻʾдףдԤ⣬ˮУӷˮĹλʾԴĦȥ鿴ӵķˮжϣˮ
Ҷյʬǲƽ޹ʳһƽĴģ³Ҵɽɲǣȴǰɽ͵˫̧ͷʹɵãͣ˽ŲĿɽ֮ϡ
һ룬ұʮּĸ˸绰ɽϿǲ˫̧ͷ
Ҷϵ绰֮ҷǳĽţֻĿⲻɽн
ҪûĻյʬڳ¼Ҵ壬һΪ¼Ҵ˫̧ͷķˮ


288 ӡ
ֱ徻ˣɽͷʱѾʮ֮ˣ˳ɽһ׷ױ𾪵ĲУüͷǽһ
˵յʬ塣ɽ𣿡
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徻վһԣѾһĻɵˣöûӦֱң㳯ܶڲȥʱ徻ŷ˾䣺ڳߣ᲻Щ̫ã
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徻˵Ҳ֪Դƹ׶Ƥһֱ
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Ļ䣬Ҷʱ̧ͷ˾һۣѵҲƤһֱ
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⻰Ҳ˯ˣڴϷŴ⼸췢ȫԺ֮лĹһ飬Խ룬ԽЩͷһԼǲǰʲôҪĶ˵ĸо
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᲻ᣬʵû뿪ӣһֱӡ
һû˼壬ȴʱ
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һ⻰ںҹк;һۣдżֳŪ


290 峤ˣ
ĵ׼ˣɰ˵ǼҴҵʮа˾ˡ
Һ;ӴѸٵĽ·ãŵɲǡȴ˳ǰһ˽
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˵ú˽ɲǣĴȴʧƵģ˽ìͷָҵϡ
Ҽ״ɻĲУ徻ӺǺһģһֱ˵˶徻ӣΪʲôҵìͷָҵϣ
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˵ʱ򣬾뻹ָָҡСһ⻰æ˾䣺֤ȷ䣬ѵ𣿡
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291 峤թʬ
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⻰˵ĺί񣬿ȴСӣ˴һǾʬɷĺйأҿ˫̥֮ĹϵǵĿ⣬һ㡣
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˵ײǾ򿪵ģɴĴ񣬰峤ĶӣҲλСǵﶼףĸ֮Уûκһˣ峤ʬ壬峤ʬϵ˺ۣ϶ġ
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֪峤ܶĳԾȫѾװģ
СһʱȻҺʱɫһ䣬ƺʮֲãɾƫƫֱ£ǧָĳ棬ȴܹΪƿȨǣ˼ߡ
Ұѡġ
СӻµɲǣҲ˼Ŀһۡ


292 ѵ
Ҳ̲סˣֱӲ죬Сһ䣺ֻῴˮ
Сҡҡͷ˵ᣬҲ֪ҰΪʲôҪǣǵַҰѡġ
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ԽԽ죬ֵҲԽԽ͸·ֻһܽ˸ǸˣȴԽԽԽԽҶ֪ô˭￪ʼɡ
ڴӳǰкʲô˽Ӵ𣿡
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⻰ʵķǳɡҲû˭ȫʾ䣬ڳ˶֪һûⱾµģҴ峤ڴţ˵Ҷһ
дٴνעתϵɲǣٴοڣ˵ܼ򵥣ֱɱʱ򣬻Ǳ˷ӡڣټϢģԼûвпܣԼΪԼǱʬɷɱ˵ġԣһ˲֪ԼѾˣֱ˷ӡ˻ǣ֮ߡҲɻعⷵա
˵ĻСȴûţɺĿ˾һۣʵ˵˵Ұô˷ӡĻǣ㻹ûлشң˭ɱҰ֣
˵⻰ʱСӵЩ˫ȾһƬ죬ȻѹãҲ̲סˡ
ʱŵ·𣿡
ûлش𣬷ǿ˾ģС˳žĻشһ䣺ڡ
ô񣬽峤֮ǰ·˳
ó֮󣬻û﷭ȴĳ˳죬Сӣֻ·ˣֳ𣿡
СɺĿ˾һۣʾȥ仰漴˿ܣֻĿ⿴ܵɲǣʼ˱仯
֮ǰɺΪ˼𾪣Ļشһ룺񡭡ڣȥң
Цҡͷ˵ˣ֮ǰң˭ɱ֣֪ȴ˵ʱ򡣲ҲãҲãʱ·һƷĻǵģΪϴµĴҲˣΪҲ
뻰䣬Сٴ˾䣺Ϊʲô
пܣѾɱˡ뻰µɲǣΧһ񣬶˼Ŀ룬ƺ޷ţˣ
ҾõĴʻ㣬ɱڣ
˼ǣ峤ʱ·лƷȴΪ峤ϴµ˸ˣΪ峤ϴµˣͱָȴ³֮󡭡
ˣ
ʹɵ࣬ɾģȴٽɵĿǣϣرСӣžĿرᣬһرһر
ϾŵˣҲֻоһˣ
Сӽ˾ܶ⣬һڵ˻ȥǰСӵһ⣬ʾ룬û취ֱȥ
˵ģСûʣҶῪʾ롣
Ͼ峤⣬ûк˵ʵڴô죬Ҳʮ𾴣Ҵûٳٺȣһˡ
ɾʱСӣϣɱֵָˮ𣿡
СӵͷѾ˾˼˱ۣ̾һʾһ䣺ܱ֤Ұթʬܱ֮ȥ𣿡
ԡ벻Ļشһ䣬ֱ֮ҵ֣Ⱥھ뼴̤żɲǣͷСһۣ³һ䣺һڣǴһƬ
žеĳŵʱ˼ĵɴ˫ۿҪ֪ɴûյ飡
ң׳ŵȻҿڣһ˶ԲߣҺпܣѾʲô
˵⻰ûֱͣһص˴ߵʱ徻ӺĶʮֱӸ徻ӻ·ϣƵģ˾ö⡣
ȴ˸ֱ̱徻ӣֻ徻ӼʱʯӣСģ֮˴ֱӽ徻ӷ˷ţûǷ䡣
ϾȻദô죬Ǻ徻ӻû絽ڷĵز
صϢʱҹѾˣ˿ʱ䣬ȴѾ賿㣬ϢȴĿڵ˾䣺·ˣһỹóȥء
һ⻰üͷʾ룺ôˣ
ɾȴûشңǵ˾䣺ӣԽԽ˼ˡ
˵⻰ʱżζһʮϤĸڡ
״ҸǲĽת˴峤ϣʾ룺˵峤Ҫû˵ʵһֱǰαװΪʲôôϹϾģôͱɱˡ
ɾ룬ȴشһ䣺˭֪أ
ģǽһðɣشûش
ҺݺһüȴһɿԾȴŵ
Ǵˣ
һʮİӦ
µɲǣ뵭š˻ӦĸҵĶԣ˾䡣


293 ˵ʵ
һᣬǵСĵ㡣
뻰µɲǣҲĿһ۾룬ССʲô
ɾȴʱһţһҳȥȻǵ㵽Ϊֹûȫ鶼ҡ
˷ţ뵭ĿһĴתͷһۼǺͬһʱӷ߳徻ӻ塣Ŀջأλǵ·ص㡣
·صҲ̫ԶʮӲ·̣Ѿߵ
ǰ䷿ʮƾɡվһĴ񣬶λﺰĴʱڽ͵ǴݣΪ̫ˣָݣѾܾûסˡ
⻰üͷ΢΢һ䣺ȻܾûסˣǴô⣿
⻰ʱ򣬴ûشңǴżֺµĽĿͶ˾ϣֻʱԹ˹ǣ˾䡣
Ҫû´ĻҺʹ峤Ķ˵ЩѾҲͱɱ֮ɴڴѰ⼸λΪ峤µĴȴһֱû˾סͱɱˣǰɣ
ӲͷƤ˵ͷžĿ⣬ɵôż־η
Ҽ״ɵһ䣺ݶôû˾סˡΪʲôǻҵ
⻰ʱһѾߵݵſڣվĴóһ·ǰС
һ˳ȥߵſڣṳ̂żұܵһɹޱȵϢĴУһ㽫ҲӶĻ
ͷһۣû˵ȴżֹУЦŶҡҡͷʾû£ŵųȥŸոյ
ȴŵһǸѾãζһҶζζżùζͼѪȵζŻ
ݽĺܴľͷϷӣΪʧޣΧһЩľͷѾʼãͷһյޱȵİ˿ڲ˸·һⶥϵĵݾΪϻը
ܴվ˼ˣǵԻм߱ϯŵʬ壬ȫŵһֳģûжƺǵ顣
峤ĶӣҲλСӣվȺ˵ǰˣһæӭɫЩѿˣ
˵⻰ʱСӵżظӣȴǵĵ˵ͷû˵Ҳ࣬ǰֱӽ⼸ϯ˿
ϯƿݼ룬һɹŻѪζ˲ΧĿԻδ𡱣δ𡱵Ѫ·±˲֪⼸ʬ״ѿƵġ
ϯƿʱҵĶԻһͺ˵ͷһȴ⼸ʬ״Ĳŵɫףʿˮ
⼸ʬϵڣѪֹ£۾ɵķ·һۣܴۿ£һͷͱԼҧ˰أߣ⻹ĵġ
ĵǣ⼸ʬ岻һ״һޣ
ǵȴԼԼ֣ӲԼĶʿӶקΪѪ
ô˵ҲǺ徻¹ĹѨɹ١¡˼ı߹ŹƻҪˣ⼸˵ӣŵòᡭɴ˿ɼ⼸˵Ѫȳ̶ȣ治һܱȵġ
վĴ˵ѾһȴǱĵĲ˲̫뿴⼸λ
ھƿϯʱ򣬴峤ĶѾĴŸϣĴ񿴵ԼƵŷ˰ɣ
Щļ֪ͨ𣿡ʱ뵭ڣСһ䡣
Сҡҡͷ˵ûУЩ״̫ˣ˻ԼָԼĸʿקӶ
ͷ˵ȱ֪ͨѴĴ񰲸á
Сӵͷȴʱ˾һ䣺ЩˣΪʲôΪʲôᡭ
ӦǽߵģѿӦѵ
뵭Ļشһ䣬ȴûشСӣЩΪʲô
Сʣȴ㿪ڵɲǣǡ󷢴ȱƵģȻ˾䣺˰Ѷѳ֪Ϊʲôˡ
µɲǣСæкսļλ˿ʼѲլ
¼Ҵ嶼ճ£լǴϣķӣڳ¼Ҵˣٶլӻķ֮ǰסһʱ䣬լڵĽṹҲ˽⣬ӣѳ˼÷ֽŵġڤ
õеͻõеͲһַеˣһۣҲرϵĳο⼸մ֮ϣһ÷дڤ֣
ҶЩŶûоҲЩŶôġ
ɾȴ⼸ڤóɲǣΪĵ˾䣺˵ĶҪôᱻɱ
µɲǣСӵɫʮѿɸֵĿ⼸ʬһۣʾ룺ʵ⼸ڤڸô
š
˵⻰ʱ򣬾뽫Ŀתң˼ԣţ
һ⸱һӦҪܾϾ˵ĶöɿеĽթȴɵʿˮЩ
ǲ徻Ϊ⼸ʬ峬ȣæһ𣬽ЩʬȻ𻯣֮ŽСһǣɫ͵һ䣬һ䣺ڻ˵ʵ𣿡
Сɫе㽩ƺûӦʵʲôӦҲģϾҶû뵽µĲ塣
ʲʲô
СӲĻشһ䣬ɫЩ԰ףҲ֪Ǳŵģй


294 һܻ
Ц˾䣺㻹ǵ˵һڣһһĴӰɣ
СӵͷЩӲǱŵĲᡣ
ʵ˵ô㣿
벻ĵ˾䣬һ⻰ź֪˹һں˿ӣڵС
Сû˵Ȼжž룬ҲżĿСӣֱһԵ徻ӳȵβſڵ˾䣺¸ǴΨһһ⣬֣⼸λ񣬿ȫǡ֪һģ˭𣿡
⻰˵꣬Сӵ͵طһ۱䣬˳žĻĵ˾䣺ǡ˭
㡣
뵭ڣʮƽɻµɲǣСȴһ
뽫һƿصķǳãСӵһû˵ɲǣֲһ㲻áǲ֪ܻȥʲô֪ˣ
⻰ѹСеһݣƵģֻ˱ۣݺݵһٴοʱѾûԥ
֪ʲô
ȫ
뵭ڣСȴھ뻰µɲǣ͵صɴ˫ۣ룬˾䣺֪ܵģ
ţ֪ĵĻһ䣬ȴ⻰һ˵ֲ꣬˾䣺㲻˵Ļô֪Ҹô￪ʼ㣿
ò˵ĸڵ˼£˵䣬¼ӡ̶޷԰Σһ˼Ļ˵ȥû˻ͷ·
СӵУԥȴҲ֪Լ¶ˣҲزסС˾룺ҪǺ˵ˣܻ𣿡
û˵ֻǹĨǳЦСӡ
Сӱ뿴ģЩüҪڣȴѹ죬ƺǺģҪ˵Щʲôʱ򣬾ֱӲס㣬˾䣺ܡ
ǡ˵ˣ
СӲüëžĿ⣬Ѿײѡ
ûӦǸ飬ȴУԼվСߵˡ
һʼǴˣʵеģһŮӡ
˵⻰ʱϳ˼üë˾һۣȴûʲôӦͲµˡ
СӣҲҿʱ򣬽Ŀ׼˾룬ȴڼûκηӦʱպ۾̾һŵһʱжҲҰ֮ǰǸһģһ
˵Сÿ˵һЩؼϣͿʼͣҶʱҲЩͷüͷһ壬ֱӵ˾䣬Щ󣬴һԵ徻ӶĿͷһۡ
ǡ徻ӻͷǵʱ򣬸ܵһȵĿ⣬ͷɲǣǡɺ徻ӵĿײ˸ţҶЦЦȴЦ󿪵ʱ򣬲㽩ԭء
ôо徻ӿҵĿЩְ
ɵãʿˮĨֵĸо£ĿջصʱСѾſˡ
˵ʱЩηηȻǱеŮŵòᡭ
˵ײǸȫ˵ӾȻŮܻûǧݣ㱻ܻȥ˵ʱȴŮѾվڴǰǸˡ
ʱŮӣѾǰжĴ磬Ǵһī̵ۣҹоһĨƵģ൱ˡ
˵˵ţСӵĶ䶼ðһ㱡ѵˡ
˵⣬Сʿˮƺ˺ܴżڵҺҰڳ¼Ҵô꣬ļֱթʬҪĻ棿ɾΪŮҪɱڵʱȴһҪ󡣡
ʲôҪ󣿡
Ȼڣʵᣬ˿ĵ뷨
˵ɱҺҰ֣Ҫܣζ˵¡˵֮󣬹ʱ䣬ĸˣŮԳһĵǴӣҺҰ־ܵĽڴ˵
峤Ķ˵̵̵ҶЩͷˣţܸоԽԽҲ˲ô࣬Ҫڣȴʱסңұ
˵ҪǴӵˣҪҪ뿪һʱ䣬ǽסǡ˵Ǵħħ
СӲģλ˵꣬˵ɲǣظ̾һ
ҿӣɵó˳ǣŰżֳƭ˵һģһӾǴ壬ȴھ˴֮Ѫֱ֮뿪ˣ
Сӵͷϴżֲ˼ҿģֽ˾䣺ԣ¸ķʵѡַɣ֮ǰŮ˳ֹ֮⣬ûֹˣ
ҵĻ䣬СٴεͷҼ״һٴʵ˵˵ĸħ񣿡
Сʿˮ³һ֣
󣬵ġšһ˾䣺㻹û˵ħħ
µɲǣСŵˣһ˫Բɵϴ촽ľ˷Ƶġ
ұˣתֲ̫õ飬ҵĻųʱҲ˴룬ĵ׻ɵ̾һСֹͷȻʵ˺ƭ
˽ЩлмֲģٰˣӦǱɫɣɫôδ֪֪徻Ӻӣ
ңΪʲôҪٰҪƽڴ
Ѿˮʯ˴룬徻ǱߵĳҲѾɣ徻ӳɲǣСЩ̫϶Ĳһ䣺ǸҺ˵Щܻ𣿡


295 徻
ĿСһۣûشȴΪ徻Ѿߵǵĸǰ
֪Ϊʲôܸоһ·϶ڷ徻ӣǽӴҳʱ򣬺˵ǾһǵСĵ㡣رڷ徻ӣ徻ӻᰵЩʲôƵġ
ңҪС˵Щģôӡںľ֮Ҳõ˽
ΪҲпǱ˿ɹƭƭĳ¼Ҵ壬ȴһ񣬱˷ӡ˹ײ֮Уʼնû¶档ڴǰġȫǱɫװˡ
֪Ϊʲô
һ֮ǰԺһϵһ֮󣬿徻ӵĿ⣬Щ
Ȱźõģôɵ飿˵徻Ӻпܣͽ壬Һ;ƭ¼Ҵ壿
Щʲô徻ߵǵǰЦʮȣǺƵĺǴк
ޱûȴŻɺͶģЦŻӦһ䣺Ū𣿡
徻ӵͷ˵ˣѡʱ𻯾ͺˡ
˵⻰Ҷ˵ͷʵҲýȥĻˣ徻ȴǡ֡ʲôƵģžǰ˵һѣ󣬾ʵȥˣֱӿڶСӵ˾䣺ˡȻȥˣϵҼȰЩʬŽȥ
Сӵ˵ͷû˵ǲŴլĴţȺȴ˼һСΰ룬ȴ˸еĲУԻͷһȺкüݣ޵滨ꡣ
Ҫû´ĻЩ˸լǼ˵ļɣ
ɵã̾һ¼ҴôֽǱסģҪЩ˵Ҳôװ
ص˼֮Һ;뵽˷䣬չţұСʾ徻ӵ飬ɾȴұһꡱƣָָ⣬˼ԡ
ǽжɵãĿһ뵽һ취ʵ⣬༭ֻ棬ø뿴
ʵǲ֪徻⣿
뿴꣬񿴰׳ƵĿһֻۣϱ༭һ䣺Ǻϵô£徻Ӻ廹ǣýָͷ뵽𣿡
༭⻰֮󣬻ֻ༭һ֡
ɵ
Ҽ༭֣ʱķһۣĵװѾȫʮ˴һ飬֮ŷ֣ʮ˴ǰԼҲȥ
֮˾һ䣺ǱɫƭΪǰʬ𣿡
뿴󣬵˵ͷûκαʾɵãٴֻ༭һ䣺ڹײ
ҡҡͷȻҲû͸Ҽ״ٴ˾䣺Ǵ򿪹ײĵʱ𣿡
ͷֻ༭ĸ֣Ӧǰɡ
ԣʱһ
Ȼǣ˱ɫǾһ˴޶йϵȻˣôѸٵĲһͣˣʲôУ
ûڶ룬죬Ѿˣʮûڲٵ§ס˾룬֮Ļг˯ȥ
һ˯ĺ㣬𴲵ʱ̫ѾҪɹƨˣҺ;յĴӴһ㲻ǴΣ֮ˡ
ɾǲ𴲣׼ȥϴɲǣȴСӵ
ֻʮֻŵĵҰֵʬ岻ˣ
ûӦҵĶԣȴ𾪵ĲУȥţȴסңʲô
󣬽ԼǰСӵ˾䣺ȥѳ¸ķڿֵʬڲ档
˵⻰ʱ徻ҲǡɴԼķһ⻰͵һܿ죬ֻϸ΢Ķȴҵǡɲ׽˸š
֪ΪʲôԽԽ徻Ӻˣ
徻ӾݺҲͰˣأȻ岻һӪܵѣҵͽ嵱ҵѡ
ȴ
һ٣ٶ
Сһ⻰͵Ҳһ㶣ʶ˾һ䣺ҰֵʬΪʲôڸķ
ȥҸ
˵⻰ʱ򣬾ṴһĨЦڳ͵峤ʬˣûκ
֮󣬾룬徻ӣң壬ټϴһЩˣֱӸСӵ˳¸ķǰ
ֵǣǰûκαĺۼ
⣬Сӻǲɵûͷ˾һۣϾ¸ȻѾ˼ҵķأٻЩ󲻾ġ
Ҫû´Ļ¸ʬȻˣĹǻҺлǷԭĹײȥģ԰ɣ
ֱСӻɵĿ⣬ʵ
Сӵͷ˵ǡ
أֺпܾײбų¸ĹǻҺС
һ룬벻ĿڣҲûǿҪСӿص˼⻰˭Ķߣܰ
Լĸ޶˵Ľ˱˵ķһ˵ĹǻҺбУ
ɵãСӿ˾һۣݺһҧָӴǿأ
µʱ򣬴Ҳ¶˼ֲԸٲԸҲ
Щ˱ۣƵģݺһҧ¸ķأ˿
ھĹĴǴ׳µľͽ¸ķظ˿¶ǿǸᣬոޱȵĹײġ
ײ¶ɲǣСӻЩԥĿ˾һۣȴûκηӦĻһ䣺Ҹװ
µɲǣСӾƲ⼸׳Լǰ뽫ײϵĶӰ£ȴ͵ط֣ײϣûжӣ
״С͵һ㶣ֱһѽײĸӸ
ɲǣһɹɶ͵˱Ƕ峤ſҪΪʬĽʬҲɵóǵǰ
֮ǰģ峤еƺˡ


296 ڼ㣡
ڣ峤ٳȴûթʬǺúõڹײ棬˵ŹǻҺһ
״Ҳɵûͷһ۾룬дżɻô֪ôģ
Ŀ⿴ʱСҲҲ̲סˡײİ£ʿˮֱӽеʳ˿ڣô֪Щģ
ɾȴĵĻ˾䣺˲֪ǼĪΪ
⻰˵ĺɣȴԼһĪСӿĿ⣬ԽԽء
Сӽʾô졣ȴشһ䣺ԼŰͺá
֮û˵ֱ뿪˳¸ķǰ
һ죬СӺʹĴûҹǣҲ;룬徻ӣڴſڡƵġɹһֱ̫ҹСҲûڳ֡ڶ̶ʱڡ˸ĴӣҲʱѵõ¶ƽ
ģȴУܵЩΣա
ǸԻصԼķʱЩ硣ڴȴȥͣ˯š
һԵľˣҲûʲôӦһ䣺ȱ˯һкϷ
һüͷ͵һʱЩ죬ʾ룺ôоʲô֪
뵭ġšôˣ
ƲƲ죬û˵ɶɾȴʱԸҵĶߣңûãиһֱûг֣
Ҳһʣ˭
ɾȴһĨЦ¡
۾ۿתת˴
ҡͷ
ǹԳǣ⻰ʵĲûϾԳԴӽҽ¸Ļ֮󣬱ûϢ
⻰һ꣬ȴٴҡҡͷ˾䣺ǡ
ɵãеĲʾ룺˭
ȴûشңЦһұһЦݣɵͷһòƾɣ
ͷɲǣǵͷһֱӴҵͷ֮ϣ
Ҿ˵ôʲô֪ûƾԭƾ˶ӣڱ뵱֡ţﲷ˲԰ɣ
ֻ˲䣬һжȻ˲٣ƾôһͨŶݼ׵ԣ벻ȸٺѰ
ɵãʾ룺ƾڳ¼Ҵ𣿡
䣬뵭ĵ˵ͷ˵ڣ֮û˵
ԼĪһСʱڴɵĶҪ˯ˣȴ֨ѽһǿŵ
ȻСϸһȴһ˴ӣ˴ȥ
󣬱㴫˼Сϸ꣬ᣬȴ㲻İɲǺദ˺Щ徻ӵ
ЩͬʱҵĶٴδһСġꡱһǴű˴򿪣ֹϵ
֮ΧʱָĿҲʱһվԭأǹճһĨĪЦݡ
ĨЦɲǣͷһۣСһ䣺뿴ʲôϷ
˳Ļüëʵ˵ܿʲôϷ
뿴ĶС
ĵĻһڶݵļŵţң˴ļ
ʱѾǽӽʮң£ѾҹˣһһƤ񶼲ɵһ㡣
Ҳ֪徻ߵ̫죬ǳˣĴȴû徻ӰëǮӰӻڵĲУ·ƶټһƬڵϹҹ·
ңﴩУʱʱͳֻҲ֪ڿЩʲô
ҿž⶯ǲʵģɶһĶˣ̲סʾ룺ڿʲô
뽫ֱֻøңҽӹһųһȴһĻȫƾ뷢ĶţңȫƾԵĽ
˵⼸ƾȻûǵߣȴʱ޿̲ڡעǣҸսӵĵ죬붼ƾ˸֣ļס
ƾϳʾȴǿžӶҹ࣬ž빬ִף
ŶݼһǧʮнΪһ棬ͨ׵Ļ;ǣֶϵǶһǣȴ˴ףвҲữΪס
Ŷݼ˵ߵȵԤѧʱֳƵ֮Ԥδףе飬еģһʲô֮⣬תȫֵĴ£Ҳ֮ı䡣
ͺһҪ˵Ѱָңҿ԰ʮ鶼Ƕƭӡ
ǿ԰Ѻܶĺ׼һƱ壬ÿ쾭飬ʶˣ뷨ʮǰһ£Ҳֻһš
һߣһ߽ƾ˷ĶţҶϸϸĿһ飬Խ¿еȴ
ԭ룬ʼնûŹ徻ӣ徻һֱǰװģϷʱ򣬾Ѿ֪еһС
֮ǰڳ¸ķǰ徻µŴףڰҹ뿪ȥŴ׸ƲһɶΪġ
ǽһУɵϡ
ʱҲ˳š˼˵û˵ʵ֮ġ
ң
¸Ļǣ徻ִģΪģȻΪ¸꣬ǹԳǽģҵĺ£߼޻ԳǣҺ;ȴѹû¸Ǳ˴鳯Գ롭
峤徻ɱġ
ҿ⣬ɵޱȵĵɴ˫ۣʿˮʾ룺徻ͷβǰʱЩ
ɾȴǳ˳ǣ˵ûУͽС
һ⻰ֻоԼҪסˡ
徻ڣʲô˿ǰһƬڣҲɵС˾䡣


297 ԭƾ
仰Ϊƾ;ĶｻĶȴû˵£Щ졣
ɾȴǻشһ䣺㵽ʱˣ֪𣿡׹ҵĺģҸž볯ǰĲҲɵ˼֡
ţȴȻǰ·ЩϤȻ·Ϻܺڣо·ȴҲ˲ٰȫС
ֱҷ֣Һ;뾹Ȼߵ˴峤ſڵɲǡɵýһ٣̧ͷһ۾룬ô⣿
ССֻɾȴұһꡱı飬СǱ˰˴峤һԵĲݶԡ
ʱĴ峤һƬڣھʲôȻҲ徻Ӻ˵Ӱ
Ϊ徻ӺǲǳԶ·ߵıɲǣȴһɱƵĺУɲǣǱʲôסƵģֱ̥С
ҹܾġǡɡܹǸոȴס
жСĿ˾룬ȴʱһ§סҵӴ峤ҵĲֱ˴߶ϡ
Ȼ¼Ҵ岻ǮҲȥ峤Ҳϴġ󻧡һӣͽС¥
С¥Ƕ˼شϹŴڹԲҪǱ뱧ţǽϣĽۣվԶĶ
ҿڶɲǣȴǱŵĲᡭ
ֻ峤ĶӣλСӣ徻ӺֱӰ˶¥ɳϣһڲҲ֪ʲôĴڲһƬ죬ǱģǱ˰Ƶģ൱Ǳ
ʱ徻Ӻ壬վǰٲȻһ֮ǰԴľηǻһģŻ
ر壬ӡУһֱһλΨΨŵŵеɵŮӣһȴ֡
ĺĻ
ǰλһϷʣǹճаЦһֺݺСӵգǿͷ̧˫вͶŮӣʶ
ҼⳡʱЩûֱӳȥɾķӦȴܿ죬ҵԳһ㶯ɲǣһֱסҡ
ҵʱ򣬸ǽϢҵϢһ𽵵ͣҪߵǵǰŶѷ֣ﻹ˰ɣ
˵ôȻʮϤȴɭޱȣ
СӵԴż־£ִżֹҲ֪ΪĹˣԼĹȻΪ֮ǰŵ˵ᱣֻҡͷҡͷǻճ˿޵ĳ
һģһֱӺݺݵ˦ϣǱʮֺ׵ʱһȦǱĲС
ȴǣԼ֣·һƣ棬ʮְƵģĸɾٴСһ䣺ҵ֪ʲôͣʲôôȻܰĿڷô
Сӱ˱ۣû壬ȴʱʦһۣʦûκα̬ԶӣСӵĶߣҲ֪С˵ʲôվɲǣЦһЦܻص
һֱΪƽСӣȴΪ仰ֱŭˣϵĻζ·Ҫ۾ݺݵĵ壬Ҫлᣬƶ뽫̻ˣ
ЦЦ·ֻЦܹƵģҵθڶ
壬Ǻ˵ʲôܰ
ֱЦ֮ŽеĲȡ£˵ЩʲôɲǣСӺݺݡޡһһĭֱ˦ϡ
ĭģСޱȵĺɱ裬˵
ղź˵ģʦɱ˴峤¶ˡ
ңţ˵Ҫ֪顣
Сӵĭüͷһ۵͵رŷһɱɱŨķ·Ҫˣ
ɱֵģϣŨޱȵħ
ԭһֱΪޱȵģһֱ˵޵ģ޵ҪǸŮӡ
Ȼħ
˵ģҵĵʧޱȣǾЩЦҲ֪Ц壬ЦԼ
ħ¶ʱϵȫⱬӿֳħϵľдУ˳еҹħ

ЦʱʱĿ³Цǽһſ
ֻɴۣһЦ⣬ָָԼָָСӣ¿ˮ𣿡
ȻСйϣҲֻǸͨˣļݣرʱӣͺ֮ǰɫݵħһޡ
ֱӵģͰСӸŵˣ
ʱľٶͺֲͨһϵŲҪˣĿҲ֮ǰİȻΪ˾֡
תӿ˺üֽݺݵĽĭɾ
ɾ֮Ŀ͵رŷһݵ֡ޱ͡ĵ˾䣺㻹ǵã֮ǰ˵Ļ𣿡
˵Ҫǰ;룬˵Ļһֲ©˵һܸһ·
˵⻰ʱ򣬻ϵĺܳСӵҲǰľֽΪң
СӺޱȵı飬ŵڵ˾䣺Ҫں˵;룬˵飬ܸһʬ
µɲǣСеķʱƣһֵҡͷҪҪ
ǾҪôˣ
彿ЦţɾȴʱЦ


298 žۣ
Цɲǣֻɫ͵һ䣬Ĵʵ˭˭Ҷڰ͵͵Ļ
ȴʱҶ˴̨֮ϣûҷӦ͵س˽ȥһѽǰСԼ
ҲʱӺ˳һʧЦЦĿ塣
ϵıܷḻڰ׺첻תҧݺݵĵҡ
徻ӣǽΪƽֻۣҺ;뻹СµСӡ
ò˵ĻǷǳ׼Ҫ༸ӣټڳûаʱĻСӺпܾͻΪ壬徻ҪЮǵĳˡ
ôϣ
С֮СĿɿڴע£ЦӯӯĽǰ⡣
ȴĺҧ仰ûӦҲûͣǣʲôʱģ
û˵ȻҲûӦ岻ɵʧĿңһ䣺һֱûŹ𣿡
ұûôģɴʱһ⻰ǽһðɣ
Ȼ˼˵Щ
ûŹһֱҵˣҺƭ
ɵãۣĿһۣЦšǡһû˵
ɫʱЩҲסͷ徻һۣͷɲǣе¶ĺ£ȴҲ׽š
ˣ
֮Իô͵͵ڱС޷Ǿǲӭǣһֱûӭǵ׼ȴҺ;ץ˸ţ
徻ӣȻһֱû˵ҲûʲôʾɽµĲȴһֱںˣﻹץʲôƵģŵĲС
ҿӣЦڳεķ·ҪɱɲǣǣСˣˬ𣿡
µɲǣƵģûӦңһ䱸ĿҺ;룬ʱӦսʱܵ׼
ҲһᣬǸңɫΪʲôҪѾ˼Һ;ڴǰʬΪʲôڴӣΪʲôᱻӡ£
һǱӣ̾һˡЭ
ȴ˿飬ڳһ˵ˣҺ;Ҳһ·ǣҺ;ǼթС˵ģŻѣ
û˵һͷ˾һۣȴһν˭Ҳ֪Щʲô
۱µСӣһĽٺҺ;룬ֿ徻ӣеĺ»ڣȴȥ˲١
ȻԴ˼Ƿ紵ݶֹ֮ʲôһԵǱƵģüͷ徻ӸԷ˲١
ѵ˵һֱڵȾȱ
뵽⣬ҲûԥҪǰԼܲܽ£ȴҶɲǣסңգգ۾
һģʱЩ죬徻Ӻȴʱ
ԽģԽǹʱƵģһֱӺϣ
ңǲʦɫָʹǵĿģг¼Ҵ壬ʬ壬飬ǾͻŹ
ҽƾͼƵĵ˵ͷȴˬʡЦЦǺãڳѶĵĺ˵
һһҲļ˳ǣЦЦΪʲô
ȴʱָָһԵľ룬˼ԣ¾Ȼ֣
ɾʲô˰̫ڣ˾̸ϣҲһ˵һһ˵Ƕ̹̹ˣôܻô͵飿
һ飬ȻǱĲУɾȴʱңСҴı͡
ҺӲ˻ȥ˾䣺ģڣ벻ᶯ㡣
⻰һ˵꣬šŲԼܷܷţҵķŲ˹
ŲĲĦ֮⣬ҲκǰڶǷ紵ݶҲʱȻ޴档
ҪǿԿ϶ǰͶĻĻΪ
Լǲǻˣ
ɾһλãŲߵҸǰɲǣȴ͵سҺ;ķ򣬶һ״壬µɲǣǼϸޱȵЦʱڿ
ɺģ״ʱ򣬱µĴ峤ǡ죬һСģ״屻һ
ֱȥ
ȥɲǣСɵˣ
׼ܵ徻Ҳɵˣ
Ҫû´Ļøղ˶Ŀܡ
ȴ˴峤ӵֱȥ
ʱ徻ӵɫȫһȦ˽ԭأƺˣôˣ
кȻЦһҵģһǾģ
Ҳ̲סֱЦ˳Цɲǣ徻ӵˣ
ʱȾ볯ܣܶɲǣ볯ſһӡ
Ĵţ޶˵ıһϣֱӶȥ·
ʱǰͣȥ߿ţȴʱ֨ѽһԼˡ
ſɲǣɫֱӴź̽˳ˣɵõĻͷҺ;һۣ˵ǵˣ£
Ҽ״Ҳʱһ㶣ɫģǼʱ
һ룬ȴٴαЦĶӶʹֹ
ɫƤƵģ͵رһŴ˽ӳģƴ߽ƾС
һֱû¶棬ȴʱ޿̲ˢԼڸеĹԳǡ
Ϸ绯ת䣬װ徻ĿЦã
ӣڲҺ;ˣ
һֱڰƾ͹Գǣ֣ɫץ˸ţ
ǣƾ͹Գˣһֱͷ


299 
ô£ҲĿһۣʵ
·ġ
ƾ͹Գͬĵ˾䣬ȻǼˣҲ൱̣
Գǻõ㣬Ͼƾ˵ʲôҲ̫ų⡱ƾ
ƾѹûѹԳǵ˾˫۳һ˸ȻҪ׵İۣ졣
Ǳɫأ
Ҽ⸱ӡЦЦЦķȲ󣬿ȴǴЦģ
ô죬һֱҲУһֱѹ֣òƾ͹ԳǶˡҲˮ档
⻰µɲǣԳǺƾȻٴͬĵ˾䣺ġ
֮󣬱ûѶ
ⱻһԵıɫ±һɫ˿߰ǽһ޷족ѡ
رķϵϣ¶Դȱѿ֮ǰ͹Գǻƾһܡ
ǱҿĻڡɫĲϻζԽ˿߲ƵıԽսļ֮С
һεʺޱȵѪҲʱ˳ƴһε£ǡ
űɫңȻǲͬ顣ЦЦǰ˻Σ˾䣺ôֱץˣ
κΣɫ뿪ˣֲ֪Ϊʲô˻ȥ
ҿģȻˬĲУ徻ӺȴʱŽƺӣƾһˣ͵شһ˿ĺͱɫһƾһ˿߽ɫ壬徻ȫһ֮󣬶ҵ˾䣺𣿡
ҲĿһƾģ

ƾ֣֮һ߿峤Ҵšǣšɫ徻ӣֱ˳ȥ
ԳǶɲǣҲˣҸ󣬻ͷʮ֡ġİһѾɵ˵Сӣ֮ǰ˵һڻǴҪǰˡ
˵仰ҲСӻӦѾ߳˴峤УԭطСӡ
˵˵ԶԶĿһ·ߵͷ
һ·ϣ徻ӣ壬ɫǱƾڵߵģ·ϵҰʬͲľлƵģǱĲУϵѪҲεģ˴Ƭ
ɫӲһֱҧû˵徻·ϣ˺ü
ȴ۵ĲϴУüſҴȴԼӲ˻ȥ
ţǺǼңֱŪɣ
֮ң˺ܾò֪Ϊʲô徻ӻΪɫЧ
˸տʼµˣҲһֱΪȴʦͽݣΪ޷ҪͶ˱ɫħ壡
֮ǰ˵ʲôǣƶ֮ģȫǷƨ
ͷҲǵһεڣȴ֮ǰһ徻ӣߵǸ·ڲһȻ֮ǰƾѾʮȫĴ㡣
ǶˮĶڣҲϵĴt뿴ûʲôر֮ɿ˺þãȴʲôûз֡
ɵãƾױˣ
ƾȴûشңʹԳǣԳҲûشңҲŽĿת롣
ɾĿתɲǣȴԴӾĿУ˼ִζ
ǣΪԳԴˣ
ɳԴ׹ԴףҲûңǷһ⣬˵ǲǵã˵һңģ
ôĻ뵱ô˵ѿڶҶʱЩ죬ĵ˵ͷС˵˾䣺ǵá
ɻµɲǣΧȴ˼ĳƾ͹Գ˷׷ֳӵĿ⣬Һ;룬ƾ˾䣺顣
仰䣬˹Գһ䣺㿴Ĺȥ𣿡
ԳԴȵҡͷ˵ȥ
ɾڹԳ⻰˵꣬űɽʱһڣԳЦЦĿ˾һۣƾһ졣
Ҷƾ͹Գǣеﰡ
ԭôС飬ͷͬ
ֱǰԼĪʮףջ˲٣ĿһۣʵȻǵãҾͲ˵ڶˡ
⻰Ǳ˼ǣ˵һУҶıãΪƽһϰµû˵Ҳֻ˵
ﵽʲô
Ȼ顱ֱһ̲ס˸ۣʾ롣
룬ξ뻹ûشƾȴЦЦżϷʵ˵˾䣺Ķһϲ˵Ͳ𣿡
Ȼ¼Ҵľǹޣ˴ɫһȺˣˣȴǾ롭
ƾĻȥ벻ףʲôܸҾϲ
ѵͼ
Ĳ̫
𣿻ǰʬ壿
뵽ӶҪըˣȴû뵽ʲô˿ԽԽBossˣ
һУܿܽˡ
Ҳ֪ǲɺϣҸͻȻľ˵Bossȴһ
ԡ
˼࣬ڳ¼Ҵ֮󣬾𽥽ӽβ
֪Ϊʲô
ҵĸо
ѨĲȴĲУСβˮܶһ
ԽߣԽïʢԽߡ
ҵľҲԽԽϲã·ʲôٻңһ㣡
ɵãٴ̧ͷһΣΧȴʱ͵ˡꡱһ
ǶѨڵˮˣ
ɲǣΧޱȵľ󣬶ʱ˵ĲƵģƬϵĴͷϣǽԱųҪǾ뻤ңҶܱҳˣ
þò
ʱȻһޱȵ
кķʽƼһλδĹˡ


300 ʦ
Ȼ߳һϤİӰ٬Ŀ⣬ɨһ飬Ŀͣ˱ɫ徻Ӻϡ˾䡣
ҵˣ㻹𣿡
˴⻰˵൱ף·ռĶƵġ
ֵɲǣɫ徻ӣ϶ɵ˼ĨЩ
Դ˴֮ˮƵҲֻʣһƬܣ˴粽С
Ҫɫ徻ӣ֮бƾߣܱǧƬ̵Ŀȫˡ
ֻһ˴ֱ˴ңҪߣ˴ȴҪӣ͵شһħһԵһˮֱӳǵķ
ûվһԵĹԳȴʱȻ֣һһħˮ˸顣
ң
˴͵صɴ˫ۣŹԳǵĿ
룬ƾɫ徻ӣ弸˿ԳǵĿⶼżɻ󡭡
ĹǡԳôҲʹħˣ
ϾԳ˴£ֻв֪
˴䣬ԳȴǡһЦЦЦᣬᵽϸƺЩ
Ҫû´ĻֻҪܷӡסǰʬ壬ڵܽѪӵĻȡ֮Բ֣ΪǼˣ֪㹻ʱ䣬ֹȥЩô
Ц֮󣬹ԳǺȻڣ³һô붼벻Ļʱ͵üͷһŹԳǺ˴Ŀ⣬żɻ
أԼĲԣ˴ǵûжŭЦŵش˹Գһ䡣
ԳҲûʾָָǰˮܶ˾䣺ԣò״ӡۿž󣬰ȴ벻ôɺϵķ󱻾
Գ⻰˵Ĳ˴üëȴϸ΢ı仯·û뵽ԳǾȻô׵ĽЩƻʶơ
˴ۣԳŽֵ˾䣺ҲͦѾĻģϢǱԾΪǿԼ߷Χ֮ڣȷһʧ
Գ⻰˵꣬˴۵͵رųȻǱԳ⻰ˣɹԳȴûƤûּ˾䣺һ󣬵Ҹоһ㶼
⻰Ļ䣬˴еҲղסˣǲɱ͵ؾʹԴԴϵħֱӳŹԳǵķ
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˭˵ҵֻһޣ
룬˴عԳһ
⻰ڰʾ˹֮⣬»
ô룬Ҳ벻˭֮Уңܺ޵ʵ൱
˴⻰һ˵꣬ԳǺ;룬ƾ˵ɫһ䣬ڹԳǿȥĴɲǣѾ͵ؾͳ汼ȥ
Գ˵仰Ȼǡ
Ųôãƾһס˴ǿȥ
ֱӱȺתģͲ֪ʲô飡
ʲôнȥѵ˵⾫ѣĸ鶼װģʵһֱڰ
еװ˴˵׻˭ܹþ룬ƾôɵ
͵أƤĶɵ˰գ²ϷкȻԤС
Ǽɵˣпܺйϵ毺õĹϵ
뵽⣬ҽµĲ͵ֿ˼֣󲻶ָĴͷȴұͷһͷ뷨
˴ҽӴ࣬ӡҲ˵޼Ҳ֪ԳǺƾܲܵס
ңȻɫ徻ӻ屻ƾ²һԣһѷ²ǵһ򿪣˴һܺõ
ȴɲҶ룬ۿžѾҴСܶ·ûãҪߵǿеġġ
Ҳ࣬ΪʢĵطȴȻͣعͷһ䣺Ҫȥ𣿡
һ⣬ʱЩ죬ʾ룺ôҲܽȥ𣿡
ҡͷ˵ǣ˺ü죬ƺ˵ЩʲôЩ˵ڣһ⸱ģʱһͷˮֱӿʾ룺ô
ȴȻ̾һ˵һЩܲˡ
ѵǺӵ飿üͷһҡҡͷ
Ҽ״üͷʱһɣæڵ˾䣺ǻʲôȥҪ
µɲǣƺҪ˵ЩʲôȴѾ죬ԥֱҾͳšġķȥ
νġġʵһȻˮγɴŵܶΪŵʢ֮൱ͣҪסһӣ٣ˡ
Ҫôյĵطסһӣҹƻ
ˮŵǰ뻺ͣ˽µĲһ͵ؾͽ߿
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ڷǳңмһ޴ļ̳յʬ屻һŹޱȵҷӡ˼̳룬ﲻϷУӲϻζκҷ֮ϣϵĶٴҲ޷̳
ȾѪڼ̳һߣһ԰ףϴżְҺ;ĵظĶЦЦ
Ҽ״жʱЩζӳ¡
ĸ飬Ǻܸӵģһ棬һһ棬رΪڱôΣΪҵĺӡ
һ޹ΪǷľٶ
ҿڵӣм֡
ٽĿתһԣȴֱԭأ
޵ȻҲʮǱȴһʢ˵ģվڼ̳һߣվߵˣȻǡ
ҵʦ
˵ҵʦʱȴǺͰʦմߣ
ʱʦһ࣬һ߸մӵʬƵģֲֶģһ˫ͫޱȣ۰׶ǺѪɫڵ˫
ħϢ壬ʱһƹͷƵģ˶ԭضá
ҿӣ͵ؾѿڶһ䣺ʦ
ʦȴľͷƵģҵҲֻǽӲתͷǻеĿİƵģ㽫Ŀⶢķ򡭡
·𣬽ɱʹƵģ
Ҳûʦ뿪ԭ򣬿ô룬Ҷ벻ٺʦ֮ʱֳ
ǼҵĿЩ޵Ŀһۣ˫ü٬ĵĴӿ³һ䣺þò
˵⻰ʱֱ˴һޣ
ҲѹֹԳ˵ڹ޵ĸֻ˴һˡ
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աӿҺ;֮ͣ󣬱㳯ȥ
ĵĿռܴ󣬿˵֮ǰ¹κһĹĹѨҪʦվ棬ʮСǿ޴ļ̳ռһУԵûô޴
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ҵĿ⡭Ϥ
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301 ϣ
󣬹ǣ˱ۣٴο֮ʱѾϷʣȴûӦǵȻվһԡ
ʦĻǺܼһһܳ嵽ǰƵģħϳ磬ҪǹԱܿˡ
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޸ƺֹʦĻǡڵʲôʦʦǵٶȴܿ죬Ҳ֪Ϊǰĵ̫ΪħʢԶţǰӦսʦƺûеôס
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Ұ˵ȥûɣ
ߵʬԱߣѾҵĴڣ˵ֻһʬ⣬ǶûУôǰʬ壬һЩܻǴڵģǵҵĿ⣬·ҪƵģĲС
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ӣȥ⿪ͷҷȴڶȥɲǣ͵վ
Ҳ֪ǲΪȽ϶֮ҲȽϾ壬ҾȻʱӿڴͳ˰˿ûĻƷֽҧָд˿ݡˡš֡
ŻƷֽ죬ſһףһϤаţ쵹أΪûͣ档
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ǿп󷨣ǰݰŵǰŻƷ˲ûиŵĵطȴƾս̳ΧƵ׸֮
Ϊڵ֮ǰ֮ǰʹõߵ󣬸ʹôĹ󷨸һһ⣬渡ֳԵ·Ʈ̳ϿգΪһ¶һ⡭
ɲǣڳ˵Ŀ⣬뿴ҵߣвģоȵģ͵ġ
ȴͷĹûУ˱ۣһзſգȫĵͶ̳֮УСģʬϵҷժ
ժ˲䣬ߵе֮˲ҸǱʬһĺݺײһߣһ⧲һѪ͵ؾʹӿ

ЦʬĿЦҸմӵȴ͵ؽ˵ѹҵϣ԰׵ҵûκɫ۾ҡ
еҲʱۿɼٶѸٵ𡭡
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һˣΪһ뿪ܣǵܣҵķ򹥻
Ҳϵֵס򦣬κеָҲĲУ׾ٵľͽҵļƣһʬ͵ش˿ڴӽҵĻ

ҶԸԼǰʬ壬ȥ
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ƾ͹Գǣʱ֮С


302 ǻգ˭
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ЦЦһζöЦ쳹ܣҰУҵĶԣǾ䣺ҽлգ˭ѽ
һѪ͵ضѻҵؿ֮ϣ·һ룬ڡ


303 
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ʬӰҲź֣֮ĥ
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ҶشҲʱ˳𣺡


304 ȡң
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УҲڰϻһֱڵȴһᣬǰʬΪһµĻգȡҡ


305 ƾֽŽ
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ԳԼеһ뷨˴֪ģǹԳ˽һЩС˴Ҳ֪ġ
ȴװ֪ƾͼƣԳŰԽԽֱ֮ʱٰԳǵǣ塭
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⵶Ÿհγ޾ƾƵģߵƾԣŵۿҪ¡
ҵ˫͵ȾѪҲ˼ôֱ࣬Ӿʹһ½ס˹޵Ĺ͵سǵķȥҲŸһֻţȴ͵ر˴һקס
һϲա
ǱѪȾ۾͵ػͷȴûƵģ˾䣺ҸѡһԸߣҷ㲻Ըߣʬȡ㣬Ȼȫɱ
⻰˵ģ⣬˫΢΢һ䣬
룬ƾ
ЦŻ֣ЩΪʲôûйԳǣ
ҵķ
Ȼ¹ԳԼǣ˴Уȴ˿ûав
˵ģҺһ˦˴ҵ֣ȴ֪Ҹܣ
Ҳܣһ˳Ļ˵ȥľͲңǴң
ֱʬȡңΪʲôҪѡأ
͵ؽЦӭ˴˴һģͶ˸ʶȤĿ⣬ңԭװ𣿡
˵⻰ʱ΢΢Եʮаȡ
ɼĳ˿Ⱦȴ벻ҵۣҾöģ
ҽݶȥעתһԵĻյʬϣҪҸߣ԰ʬ崦𣿡
ͷ˵ԣһϲ͵ؽĿתѪϣʵѪܸ𣿡
ȴЦŻ˾䣺ãʸҽ𣿡
һ仰һˮ͵Ϩеļ
һ˱ۣסҪŭٴۣ˴ʱ۵һƬûк£ûҲûо֣еģֻһƽĽˮ
㵽
˵⻰ʱǿԼʵ˴ȴüëûӦң˼ԣҷϻˡ
ѾѡҪģѡ
ҪôѡһҪôѡڽȫƾԼᡣ
ûӦ˴ǻͷһԵĳ档
ƾǱԼţֱֽţ󱻶Աߣ˿һֻгûнķ·һ붼ȥ
ǲҵĿ⣬ͬʱһЦݣ·˵û£ԼСġ
ЦĹУƺں£Ҳܶ˴
ʣµˣɫޣԳǣ徻ӣ廹ʦĻǣ볯ž빥ȥ


306 ض
ҿǼƴĹ·һ룬Ҫ˾ϣŵĿ͵غһ䣺Ҫ
󱬷˻͵س˳ȥɲųȥûȴٴΣ
˴ק˻
Σһľҿһȴ޴й
͵ؾƿ˴֣
µ˲䡣ۡü죬ʺѪҺҪǮƵģ¡
۵һĶһ˫͵һˮ
ɶԣȴ˴ǲޱȵЦ⡣
ҹѡڶѡ񿩣
һ仰ҭ
֪ҪڲѡǵȾǣ˶֮󣬻ѡ񣬶ңֿܻҡ
ôܴӦ˴ۡǱӿỨٴι˴ȴʱһָֻΪҲϵˮôѡ𣿡
Ҫ
Ҫ
˴ЩƾҵĶԻ˶ʱҺ
һǵһĶʱͨһˮƲ˻ƵģԺݺ߬ȭͷһĨ貵Цݣ˴뿪ڡ
ȴȻʱԺУһ𣿡
ſ죬͵رϣҪ󺰶Ծ˵㣡
ɴʱȴܣ˴Ŀ⣬Ķҵϣ·ϵκһϸ΢ı飬뽫͸¶һ뽫ڳģһ֣̿
˴ϲ𣿡
ɵãЦŽתƣȻһк֣
ģǵȣ
ֻҪǾ˵Ļ
ұ㣬ţ
룬ҵĻŸ䣬˴ĴкƵģ㶣ңϲ𣿡
ûӦЦŵ˺þãһ䣺˴Ҫϲ㣬ɲ԰ʬŪߣ߰Ǵɢ
˵⻰ʱЩС֪˴ôúŪ⻰Ÿ䣬벻ǣ
˴Ȼһ䣺԰
ǧܾҵɣǴҵıȻƣҵǻˣңҪôʬϣֱɵۣ֪ôźá
ţգô˵
֪Ϊʲô˶ʱ˴ȻһգҿģĺƵģԼװģ˺Ůһ˰ͱɵ
ȷӡ˰ɡ
ҵӦһ䣬˴˵ͷֱӰ˵ˣӿڴźɫķǾʬޱȵıֱӡĶͷϡ
ɫŮʬͷϵɲǣǱڼϵ壬Ȼֹǰһ㻹ǿҪΪģһ볤µ塭
顱һŮʬӦ£ֱ˵ϣ۵Թ壬ȴӲʬ
һʱ䣬˴ڳʲôУԴּɵĿû˵ڵȴȿڣȿں˵Ļȴǡ
գϲ𣿡
֪Ϊʲôܸоʱ˴Щִţѵ˵ղǸռرǿΪĿĲݵˣ
ԽǲƣԽǲô죬˴ʱǣҵ֣˵˾䣺Ҿ֪ѡһ֣Ȼ߰ɡ
˵⻰ʱﻹӿֳͯ棬·ҪҾܾҾʮˣ
ԽұԽǻ֣̿Ǵ˴ǣҵ֣ȥ
Ҳ֪˴ǲǹģǣҵֻ֣ȻѪֻ
ʱѪ꣬Һ˴Ƽ䣬ܸܵöѪĲѪҺӵĴڣ
ʱ˴ҵĿ⣬һƬƽ㲨ûУӲҪ˵еĻϸ΢ϲ
벻˴ȻҲôӵһ棬һõ˸ǹƵģ·硣
ұ˼̳ԼĪʮҽµĲʱ̧ͣͷһĿ˴
ȥģ
˭ϣ˴¶Ļһ䣺ϱҲܴؼ𣿡
˴ӴĲܾ࣬ãʵһ棬ᣬˣȴǸӣɾһȪֻ߽˴ڡ
ˣԶֻܼǸ˾˵һ档
ΪʲôָоԼҲָ֪оĺ΢΢ľͺ˴ҲԹңҺҲйĶԻǡ
ҲùϲתƹĻ⡭
Ӧ˴˵Щʲôȴ͵شü顱죬һħһ𣬸ǰĶսҵķ·һ
Һ˴²ؼˣվһԿϷƵģ˴ҵĶԣȻһ䣺ãҺ;룬˭Ӯ
һ˵仰ĵ׿һ˴ȴ۵׵Ŀ⣬ڽת䡭
ûҷӦħѾҺ˴ΧУһ˫ۺĴ֣͵ҵ䣬Ҵ˴קߡ
ֵǣöһֱ˴ŵѪ꣬ôɵı˹
ûͷ§ҵ˭ŵһɵī㣬Ǿζ
ƾһԣһظĿ⿴ΧһУԳǵУѾָȻǱȻ־սʤ˴Ŀƣ
ԣ֮һֱһֱԼ˵£мڵһô
ڵȹԳսʤ˴ĿƣȨž룬ڰɫǣ
ɫһԣѾһϢ޸ǱЩ²壬徻ƺѾҪˣĻУ壿
ϣһľҪûĻѽ徻ӵġ
ԣ徻Ӵɱ壿
ɾʱ˴Ȼңˡ


307 
գ㻹Ǻǰһϲƭҡ
˵⻰ʱ˴дżԳ·ңһôֵó顣
ҿӡʱһ㶣죬ȴ֪Լ˵Щʲô
ղŵ˴֪ƭϲתƻ⡣ȴǳˡ
֪ɽлƫɽСĪˡ
ɲǼ䣬أҷƾıϣ̧ͷ˴뵥أ
˵⻰ʱ򣬾żϷʣĿ˴˴ȴڴʱĿתһѪȴҧһԵĹԳǣ˾䣺벻ҷܳǶôˡ
УŨŨĳĿת룬һָŹԳֵãǵܹһĹң
սϵˣ˴Ϊɾ㲻սϴôõˣǸһֳȾĸоеݿ˭Ķߣʹ죬һֱԼĹԳˡ
Ȼ˴Ļ䣬ԳǱ㼥ޱȵĽ˻ôˣ
˴һɫһЦб۽ͷת˹ȥ̧𣬿ŹԳǵ˾䣺£Ц
µɲǣ˴͵һֱڿնȴδŹԳǵķȥǾķ
Ȼ˴УԳǸĶ֣
Ķֻ֣һǾǡ
룡
ɲǼ䣬𣬹ԳǼ״Ҫ嵽ȥȴһ仰ֹס˽Ų
е˿޳ܵɼΧһˣһô޳ܣȥԸһˡ
仰˵൱ɣȴ佫˴ǰƷ̵ĳס
ǰŹԳǱ֮ʱǺ徻ӣ壬ɫһԸľ롣
ɼǶûɱ֡
ǲм
ҲûùԳһ϶Ը˴
˼Сˣ
˴嵽ǰɲǣ仰ݺݵ˾䣬ɾȴ˳ǣһֿ׳յ˴Ժʲô취
˴һѪҪŻ˳
Ȼȶ죬ȶ࣬ȸڣ˭ѱȹ룡
ֻ˲䣬˴˴һ˶ʮ׿ԽȺǴĲɿпĶЩ壬Ŀ࡭
Ҫû´Ļǽһκ˴ִ򶷰ɣ
Գ˴򶷵ɲǣԳҵķ˹;·ɫ͹ޣ徻Եʱ򣬻ûһѽ徻ӵϲ˸һն뵶£
徻㣬ȴû
ɫ͹徻ӣɹԳǵĶ֮죬˸֡
Ҵ˿̣Ҳӹ޵Ķпһ£
ȻֽŽ
⵽ǾģǹԳģ
Ϊ޽ƾֽŽϣΪƾ˳ô
ûҶ룬ȴڹԳ·ϵɲǣݺݵġޡһһɱĿŹԳǣĵ˾䣺˴ã𣿡
һ⻰ֻԼǲϹˣ
Ҽ°ܵģȴûԼ˱Ͼ·ȴ˦һɶҪװܺߵģ
Գû̻ӦǱ仰˵ģͣ½Ųվԭû
֪Գһθнǿˣ¹޴ûԼ׸磬ǰѹ޵ã˽°˺üƨɡ
ҶʱЩģԳǻᱻôʥĸ滵һ仰ϴԣɹԳȴͷ˳ǣͳЦ
ǺǺǺǺǡ
ո˵ʲôҺû壬ٺ˵һ飿
µɲǣ˫˲Ѫ˾䣺㣡
˱ĳ֮⣬ȴˣƺǲ֪˵ЩʲôƺǴû뵽һֱάĹԳǣôһ죬
ҿⳡ棬ȻǰˬѣɾڹԳţҪɲǣ޾Լȱ͵شӺ͵Ϯ˹Գǣƺ뽲նԼĵ£ﻹһ䣺費˴ķʲôԼɶˣ
ȱĶȴѸͣǽʣȫŷ˳Ƶģ͵ĲС
Сģ
Ҽ״͵صȴ˫ۣɵõĲѣɹԳǾ׼ƵģǧĽ⣬һƣĽɺԶ
ǵִżԳϷŰֵͳ
Ҳɱ㣬ΪͬѪ㣬һһ̡
ԽǿԽǹ¶ˣԽ鿴ĺأر飬ԹԳ˵⻰ʱ֧飬Ļ䡣
ɹȴ˿飬ҧӵ𣬹Գȴûڸֱӽӵ͸
徻ˡ
ƾ޵ֽŽϣɫˣһԡ
Գ˺ۣȴһֱǿţԼʲô¶ûУһĸ㡣
˴ڴ򶷣˵ӰԽԽأصЩɿ˵Ŀ⣬㼯ϡ
Īģȴⳡ
ƺЩʲô˸ˣ
ûҿʣʾ⣬Сĵ˾䣺ͼҡ
һʱЩ죬ȴûԥĽͼͼӹ֮ʮĽľͼ룬Ǿͼľ֮óóɲǣ̧ͷһ۹Գǣ
ͼǴİɣ
Գǵͷ˵Ҳû뵽ͼǼٵģ˴ô档
һЩ죬û뵽˴ͼ羹Ȼô£һ͹Գйϵ
ɾľͼó֮󣬻ңеɲǣƲƲѪ꣬˾䣺㶮Ҫʲô𣿡


308 
Ļ˵ĲǺףȴڰʾңڰͼǾó֮ͼָԭѪֻصҵУ˴סɫ͹Ҳȫ¡
ҿȥǰʬ壬ľҵѪ֮ˡ
һҵ˵ͷ˵֪
ƾԳһۡѵõһĶģЦЦݺһҧѪͼż̳ȥ
ҳż̳ȥɲǣԵĸоӱɫ͹ϷŨŨĳƾԳ˵Ľ֮ɫ
;Ĳɿ˴ҳż̳ȥǶ̲סͣ£Ҫֹҡ
κΣĶǾ롣ͣͣģһ˲䡣ͱһȷɺԶݺݵײһԵǽϣ̲סŻһѪ
Ҽ״˳ǣȴûͣ½ŲǸٵǰ˼̳
棬ƺѾ䶨
ٴվڼ̳֮ϣҾӸµĿűӡڼ̳ϵʬ壬˱ۣѸǰƵĵߵٴ
СĽʬͷϵķժ£ժµ˲䣬һֱӵĶͷڣͼûӦɲǣѾĿھңͼСĿռ֮ڡ
Һòã
ʬǣѾûǰĿûǰ˵ģǺµĻһĿҡ
ҿıƽûеҲ˿ûͣ¡
ҵĶУѾַǲܵ飬ҿҵĿ⣬Ҳ˼ֲơ
ǿƽ·ѾѹֵĲУʼӿ
Ҽ״ɵö˼ַЩûа꣬޷ͼЧ
һΣҺòã
˵УҼһ֣ľݣҪҲ˶ǽأ
Ҳ޷Ԥľٶ
´һ飬ģ˳ǣҪں˵䣺
ҿеȴݲͣЪ
״ħǣŭһ䣺ҵģ
䣬ֱӳ˶ȴͼ壬۵Ĳͼа
һⳡɵüͷһЩ죬ͼȻԴܰ
֮ǰû֣Ϊ˴һͼ
Ҫɱ㣡
ʱʬ壬ٲȻѾһ˫ĿľǸմӹʬ壬۾ֱ
ɾʱҵĿھѾ꣬վͼаĿռ䣬ǰٴȼ˻⣬вϰŵʬ壬뿪˵Щʲôȴѡ˳Ĭ
еʱ򣬲˵˵ʵã
ǰʬ弴ɣһĽڴѪ˳ȥռµľǣͼ⣬ȴ˺һ
ʲô洳˽ҵĵߵƣ̲סһѪ
һ룬㱻һݺݵĻڵأеѪҲ˳Ʊ˦ɺԶ
ȥѪʰȴħɱһͷɲǣҾȻʦĻǡ
УһУ͵ؾͳҳұɵֱԭأ޵ֿ֮⡭
ҷӦҪɲǣԺȻɳһӰ͵صҵǰֻꡱһʲôƷƼûҷӦ
ѾӦأнǰѴŵУԼʦĻȷס
㣿
Ҳ˼ĵɴ˫ָۣؿڣȾ²һ
ȴЦˣЦдżңҿζ
˵Բ𡣡
˵ãҺ;ĺӣġ
ȴĵġ
˵֪ҵ˺ⱲӶ塣
˵֮ǰѾƾεļףԣȴ֪Ϊʲô
͵ʦĻǳ̳һɲǣȻˣҶ
ȴڣÿġ
˵ô꣬ˣľˣԼΪʲôѡãڹȴһΨһġ
Ȼ˵ңܲܲҪ
ҿŻѪֹֹסؿڣŵĻ˵ˣڵô졣
ȴһ䣺ûõġ֪ΪʲôΪҰѺеһֻضˣһҪôû־ʬ壬Ҫôɢ
ֹסĴ۽Ǵ£ҿӻҵĲУյæң֪Լʲô׸ô죡
ǰס˿ڣȴٴδһɱûתȴ͵سȥȥɲǣһ仰ڿȥյʬ壡ҡ
µɲǣǰͼ˺ǵ˲ϣ谭һе
ҵǰͱˮʪĸǰһУȥֹɴʱҵԺУȴദƬ
нҺСģǰĹעҵġ
ӡģȴҡųǰߣǰ·Ѫɢһأȴǳǰߣšҵķ
֮ǰûǰļ䣬κһ飬Ҷر𲻽⣬ԺⲻƬΣȴ۵Ȼ¡
գı˭صı˭Ĵ£ȴ˭ࡣ
ȴСɵԸ񣬴СֱߣԼʲôûС
ˣˣȴʲôûС
Ϊ飬ȥȥеġ
ԽںĶԽʧȥΪһںеĶŴˣһɳӣڲԼС
ղסɳ˭ˣжأ
ʱǷ·𼴽Ժ𣺡֪ҵģòĶҪôٵҪôٵԼ
Ը̫ˡ
仰˫ˮ˾䣺֮֮У˭ֺγǣ
ŻҽɣǰϵöѪʰٽĿתǰǾʬλ֮ʱѻһƬޣƬ֮ϣǵ㣬ŹĶ
뽫ѪȥЩʱǶѪ֮УѪڴתֱоǣѪںһ
ҲĿһУöѪȴʱĻΪһ̲ѪˮҵС
ûҷӦСȻһۣʲôǿмƵģҧɴ˫ۣСһ
ʲôҶڻ䶯ҵԺ֮УֳһģӰڶҺ裿
Ҫش𣬿ĨӰȴʧҵԺ֮УͼУһҲ֪ǴӺδȴιǰʬµĨߣֻʣһƬޡ
ҿ䣬ͼջأ޾ʧ䣬ȴԼ߳ͼһ˲䣬ʱŵֱԭأ
Գǣƾ붼վڼ̳ңΧһƬǽ壬ȻǷһսҽͼַ֮һս
ƾԭȲֽŽΣɴʱȴľֱƵġԼ֧Լ壬վԭһǣ¶š
ԳǻѪվƻûһᣬѾһصѪѪУðźɫݣҲ֪Ϊħ壬ΪղŲС˶
Ҳѵ¶ǱϻмϸϸıйιĺۼѪպͼվڼ̳֮ϣ˵Ŀд
ҽһ飬ȴ֣һˣ
Ǿ
ȻղΪҵһʦǿ˵Ļ壬ˣҲʬڣ
Ͼ˵ʱ򣬶һʬƴأ
ôܾôףֱȫʬˣ
ѹе˸Уһʵأ


309 뿪
ҵĻŸ䣬˵ĿȴȫЩƺԸңҲԸ
͵ؾʹӸ̨һԾ£ټһ飬дżֽҵʾ룺ǲǱʦĻ塣˴ˣ
ɾȴҡҡͷһŵıɽҲڴʱһЩھΣЩԿģ
ҿˡһ޵Ȼʲôˣһǲš
ţһֱҵһֱôõˡ
ңΪҶ
ҡҡλεߣٴһһεĴۿ£ߵ˾ǵǰ濪һЦݣǵ˾䣺߰ɡ
뵭̧ͷһۣϵıЩӣԳҲˣƾһ˼ģۿңƺǲţҾȻô׵ľ˵ˣôˣ
˵仰ֱӴ󲽳ȥţȴоƺʲôĿڶҿǾ룬ƾԳ˵Ŀ⣬һĨлִתһɲǣ˼̳и͸Ӱӣһģһ
תɲǣӰѾԽԽֱΪޣĿŨŨĲ;֮⣬ǳƽ
׼һУվԭأšüǲƻأĵסСĶ˵ټ
ֱĨִŵĲɢãһĨ͹ԳйصĶʧĵȻ޴֮ӣĿջأȴ˵Ŀ⻹ȫۼҵϡ
ҶЦЦҲ֪ЦԼǱЦǡ
ƾԳǣˣѵóͬһһͬһӪǵһΣȴ
ҲһΡ
ԺԺǧ棬Ҳٻˡ
ԼȡԼĳȴֻһһˣԶ׵Ļɢ
Σʬ壬Ҳ˸˺˷ɣ
֮ھΣΪûбΪ֮ȴûܱסʬһܹ֤ڵĶ
˻ţһ磬ŵʱιдڸС
һˣ΢ιʣ
뿪ص˶ݵͣ밲ƾȥʰԳǴƵĸȥȴƾһ߿
ڹԳǱƾһ߿ɲǣûƤûƵģٴȥֻûƾ˵
ȻǲҺ;룬š²ߡ򣬴ǿƾĿҲܹƾֲϣҲ̫һ
ֱ֮󣬴Һ;ķֻʣˣ֮ҵ״̬һֱ̫ãڴϷҲһԿҡ
һֱ˵ˣǳˣȴһʱҵľˣⷴһʱŤתһֱʮֱŤ
̾һҽĽԼ˼أͷһ۾룬һʲôˣ
ޱĻһ䣺Լ֪𣿡
Ȼǲشҵ⣬ҲûʣֻǺȻ֮ǰļ죬徻ӻ嶼һֱһоסڴסһ䣬᲻ʲô£
Ͼ֮ǰͼƽѪİ취ûҵѪƽˣ˴һͼ֮ȴľͼûбҵ
Ҳ֪ǲǴżֽңҽ徻ӻﶼ˸飬ȴûҵκζʧĲС
ͷվһֱҵľ룬ȴȻסҡ
󡣡
󣬡һдżɻ͵ػͷȴҵ󣬳˾֮⣬ûʲôʲôˡ
ɻɲǣָָҵĽ£˾䣺
͵صͷȴԼĽǲµʲôһ־ȻһŰֽ
ҵǰһӣһ徻ӵ··Ŀڴ⣬ȻŰֽ֮ǰ·ڴģȴΪŵ̫棬Ե˳徻Ӻ뿪ʱϣûֵҲ
ҽŰֽ¿һ飬дһ˴ͬĵַ֮⣬
ǱĵطΪֽдŵĻ᲻˴ǵϳˡ
ɱ˴ͬʲôط
ǿļԺ
ɵãɺĿһ۾룬еŰֽø֮徻ӻһЩúõʰһ飬ֱӶ˳ȥ
Ͼ֮ǰ徻ӺǸһоģˣ˼ҴչЩãҽЩ֮󣬻æ˼徻䣬ΧĿ
ɾȴʱ򣬿ҸСֽЦʮˡ
ֱŻͷ˾һۣɫ΢΢Щһ䣺ôˣ
ҡͷ˵û£ֽպãԼķ䣬ȴ˴¶ƾйԳǡ
˵ϢԲ̣ɻʱȴƵģЦĶرսթ
֮Һ;ط佫ԼĶʰһ飬뿪ӣȴڿŵɲǣֱɵżڡ
ǣȫվſԷУ峤ĶӣҲλСվſڣһݣǿţæӭ
Ǿʹ𣿲漸죿
ԾܾˣСӣг¼Ҵˣȴǰǵ˾Ƶģ
󣬻ƾ˸ЦѴǶ˸ᡣ
һȥģҪôһҪôһˡǴȥôضΨһһûɹĴˡ
һƾɵģʮֲõ飬̲סЦˡ
뿪˳¼Ҵ壬ӣһжĸˮ档


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310 ҹôʲô
ص֮󣬲·ɻƾ͹Գ˱˽뿪ֻʣҺ;һؼҡ
֮ҺݺݵһԾ˷Ĵ󴲣Ϥζ˲˱Ƕ˶Χһֱŵ񾭣Ҳʱ𽥷ɡ
һ񿴰׳ƵĿһۣĬĬܵԡԼϴ˸衣ҷˮҴӴϱֱӶԡ
Ķܿ죬һûӦԼȴѾˮʪˡڻؼҴĲ̫࣬ˮһҵʪǰ͹µζʱ˾ǰ
ֻһ㶣ƺû뵽Ҳεæأкȥ
˭ϣ⻰Ÿ䣬뾹ȻĵĻһ䣺ҪûأҪƨûƨɣֲû
⻰һҶߣ޲óЬӣֱ˦ˣ
ƫƫ˵⻰ʱһ档Ҿû¶ˣ⻰Ƶģ˵ֱԡҵųȥˣ
ϴ裬ѾԼķ˯ˣһվ߷
Щ췢鲻ӣرı仯ˣ¶رࡣ
Ҽ״ҲصԼķ˱ѿʼˮ˯Ҳ֪ǲΪһֱ;˯һ𣬺ȻԼһ˯ˣЩӦܵĻЩڣڴϷȥ㶼˴£ȴû˯ţ
״һɾߵ뷿ſڣǰ˯ֻ֮̾һȥ𴲵ͷתȴʱۡ

Ҷƨƨߵ˹ȥһõЦݣˣôˣ

µɲǣҶʱһţŴʾ룺ò룿
⻰һ˵꣬ҷ˸ۣһ̣̽˱ͷƵģ˱ڻУûСʲô
һᣬ뻹û˵ʱЩɻ󣬲תͷ˵Щʲôȴתͷɲǣǳ˯ˣʱĶˡ
˯ţĺˡ
Ļ˺þã֪ҲЩˣԼʲôʱ˯ŵģЩ̫ˡ
μ˺öˣö£ЩȴǵӰĲŴƵģһɨͷ
ȴһˣҵפ
Ȼ
Ҳ֪ǲΪҳ̫μһˣɢԺ
ȻˣһɢȻǲܽΣô֪ԼΣ޷ʵЩ졣
ңվһΧһƬһʵҵǰҵĿ⣬ȴһֱϡ
۵׷ſգƺûҵĴڣֱվԭֱңķһȥפǰŻʮĿңָָǰ
˳֣ȥһƬ֮⣬ȴʲôû
ȴҲʱڣҪκˣ뺦ˣףߵˡ
⻰ĵ׿һʱЩ벻ףʲô˼
㿪ȴӵƮĳŲԽԽԶԽԽԶҵԺֻʣĨЦݡ
ʱ򣬾Ѿˣһֻֿңȴųһ亹
ʲô˼˵˼ҹ룬ĵǱʶߵ˻ẦңԾε˾ң
˼ҽһ֮Ժȥԡϴһ֮󣬿˿ɫѾȥŪȴһ˴ϡ
һ롭
ֱѹҵϣ˫ֳҵ࣬ЦһұҵĶԡ

һûӱġͻϮзӦȻô飬ҶʱŵĲᣬġһôˡ
ɾеһ䣺ҡȴֱѳǼûӦ뾹һ§ҵһֿҵԴֱӵ˾Ҵ߲һ׵λá
˵ĺʱһһ˫һ𣬿ɾȴƵĺܺãһֱһ׵ľ룬˫۾Ϊˡ
Ȼû˵۵׵˼ȴɣ
ǰǲ֪رɧ
һôþ벻ɧһرɧ
ʿˮѾƿһûж۵ȴ͵ʧ䣬ҵĶ
æҪƿ֣䣬СƵĴ˾䣺𡭡
Ļû˵꣬һ籩ǣϸ£ҽʴ
ǼܺãҲ֪ģ֮ǰģǵԵʱȻɿңҶֺһ

ҵѾЩˣʶġţһԴɳƣִżٴҶ
ǲǾãҲˣ
һ⻰ǵͷһƹŵ˶ˣŴһ䣺㡭ʲô˼
ɾ룬ȴĻһ䣺ÿϱԼŮˣȴܳԣ˵ҪҪ˸飿
ҼǱ仰ŵķԾӴ𣬿ɾȴ֫ѹסҸá

ɵã϶ʱȼ˼ŭ𣬿ɾȴŭյɲǣһǣǵһУֱſңЦһŷӦ
Ҹضȥɾ뽫һȴˣҵϣһ˶ĿҷЦ
ȻҶһ䡣
ҹô˯Ҳ˯ˣ磬˼飿


311 飿
ûҷӦһǺݺ£ǵûȼȣȴʱȥһ
رҪе񾭣Ըұ˫˺ҵĶһĲ𣬴Ҳʱҵߡ
ҵĺҪ;ͬˡһأͣЦһҡ
ʱ㲻˵ʲô𣿡
˵ʲô
³һֵɲǣҵʱһȦԼŵĲᣡ
ɾȴʱҵĴĵ˾䣺㲻Ҫ𣿡
Ȼ
Ѿĸڵȿڣղܣȴˣˣ
Ķʱĵ׷˸ۣ룬ɱȴٳٲɢȥ
ǺݺһҧۣСĺ˾䣺롣
ţ
ҡ
䡣
ҡҪ
µɲǣ롰ꡱһЦˣƺжȴڹؼʱ̡ٴɲס˳Ȼ֣ҵĶӡ
ˣкӡ
Ҷʱһ㶣֣ĨԼĶӣΪӸմѪлصҵĶӡһǸովۼԺСʲôȴܸܵиĴڡ
ΪҶˣ֮Իȥ¼Ҵ壬ȫΪܴǰʬѪꡣ
֮Һ;εĶһֻۣһˬȴǴߵԡҡһžˮ
ھϴ֮ҲԡȥԼϴһ飬شϵɲǣһֽ§뻳У˾䣺Сӳ֮һԲ˶ߡ
ҿͷû룬ĵȴЦ˾䣺Բ˶ߣ֣˵Բ˶ء
⻰ĵ˵꣬ȴһ磬ɫһڣͷתʵǲң
һһɫһ˾䣺ġУ
ȴʱңīʱ˱ǶŵĲУɾΪҪҵɲǣҲΪҪҵʱ
Ȼݺݱ˱ۣ˻ȥ
ܲԶ㡣
⻰˵ʮַߺޣҵĶԣȴЩˬʲôԶ㣿
ʱ˸ۣȴһһˬĵ˾䣺ˡ
˲˹׹ɲǣֹסƸЦЦ֮󣬾뵭³һ䣺㺢꣬ǲ¼²˴
⻰һ˵꣬ŵĻ˸ôĪ֮ǰ˵Ǿ䣺ûر壬һ²˴
ô̶ʱڣѾ죬˼죿
æԱһŲ룬ɾȴɲǣĵ˾䣺

ôԶ
ⲻõ𣿡
˵ôԶ𣿡
󡭡
˵Զ㣬ֻмһȭͷľ롭
ã֮ȥ𴲵ʱѾϾŵ࣬Եҹˣ
극Һ;뻻·Ҳ֪ôģȻȥߡ
ϴֵһɲǣŽֵȺҵһģʱ˲٣ɫҲ滺
ڴţĵĪ𼸷Ҳ֪ⰲܹã֪һе鶼ˣʲôĽ֡
һֲ֣Զ˵ĸоȴϴ
ǲԶˣⰲȵ뵹ͷҲ첻Զˡ
ԼĪʮ룬Һ;ߵһ԰ڣȴ⹫԰ϿգȻų˼Ĩ𣬶˸ʽʮַӡ
ɵãҽĿһתȴڹ԰мĲݵ飬۾һæžͳǱȥ
ȥ·ϣ뻹һ䣺ġ
ұĳĶʱЩѻ𣬺ݺݷ˸ۣô¶ˣѵ˵Ժ󲻴飿
ɫʱһҲ֪ЩʲôȻ⣬ջЩ죬Ҳ֪Ǻߵģôġ
ԾƽģȻǲὫ뺦ôյ뵽һʱãǱ紵ġ
ҡ
һ䣬Ȼĵ˾䣺е飬϶ɹ
⻰ȻǲŵģҴʱҲžܵǱߣȴڲżȺ΢ǰɲǣˡһӰصĺ򣬱һˮֱӽֻʣ¼ɺ컹ڿҡҷ
ҵŮˣҲҶ
һŮȺһλ˧ŮȺ߳һվȦﱻŮӣȾͳܡ
ҿԭأȦ̻ڣӣʱɵˡ
ȴʱֱȺúҲŷӦʾ룺ô֪е鲻ɹ
ɾȴһ䣺ôɵ飬ôܻɹ
ĩˣ˾䣺һס
һ⻰ʱ˾䣺˼Ժ鲻׿
ȴʱưͣû˵ɫǷ˼ֺΣ
ΣҿԿ϶Ҹûп
Ȼˣ
úҲ֪֮ô϶ӲɹһΪĻһⶼûУȫǱùģѾôˡ
ΪԶľͿһװŮӣһͰˮһߺ޵ĳȺ
Ͱˮܳòȴҧһ·˹
֮Ѿʮˣ˵˯һ磬ɺ;ȥôãȴЩˣڴϣ˯ȴһ绰
绰ƾģ绰֮󣬾ƵĻһ䣺ú˯ɣҪ¶ˡ
һʱʲô£ɾȴôΣ֡
ͼ
ȻҾ֪̫ƽرݡ


312 ˴ͬ
ڶһ磬컹ûһûѣƾѾֱɱ˾ϵģƾԼһ˿
ҿӳµɲǡɺһ䣺㲻·գ
ƾȴġšһЦûƤûرֺõ˵˾䣺·գҲ˽ôߡ
ŨŨĺȦȴһڱ¶ôǺԼҲңԿһİɣ
ҵЩ֣ƾоΪҡ
ȴûкҽ㣡
еʱ뿪ƾȴÿλߣֱԼ˻ȥΪʲôԼҲ
;ʰ˶ֱƾĳӣֱû뵽ǣĿĵأȻǵ۶
һ˵Ҷʱǰ徻ӷ﷢ֵдű˴ͬĳַСæʾ룺ȥģǱ˴ͬ
뵭šû˵ɵֽһ䣺ǲǵַͼй𣿡
£뻹ûüشңƾȴҪֱӽ˻˳ġֹйţֱǡ
ƾĻȻһ롣ҶʱЩļֱʲô
ֱʲô㡣
ƾ˸ӣҶ˸ۣû
ɻзãֱ֮ƾҴ˾仰˵ʲôڱˡ
˵ģ⻰൱⣬ʲôˣѵ˵ɫޡ˴Ƥҩ겻ɢһ·ɱ˱
뵽⣬ʿˮҲǲܣϾС徻õģ徻ֺйϵ˵ʱѾ鵽˱˴ͬ飬ȴΪ¼Ҵ顣
ҲΪƾŻôżŴһ죬Ųûվȣֱ˱Ȼºܼ
ô飬һ㷴ӦûоˣƾһɵģǸһֲ֣´ĸо
ҲֻգϾѾź˵飬϶жԲߣҸһԱϺȾͺˡ
˴̻ͬĴʣ˵𽥱ξ㣬ȴҲӵĵط
һ˵˰˴ͬеһͬ֬ͬţھƵһ˵εļƻ
ƾо̸е֪֬ͬڣһСԺסڰ˴ͬϹЩŮӣ˵еѾףȫסһ
徻ӷóСֽϵĵַ֬ͬǰڰ˴ͬϹЩŮסԺ䡣
ɼƾ;ӣ
֮ӣôżɱһԭǾǣסԺ䣬֬ͬΪΣԺ֮⣬ҲǷǳأӵϿԺ£пǹŴһսʬǣԹ졣
ֵط˵סˣ棬ûöֱӿסһȺ׵̫ţĺúõģȫմȾ糾ķ糾Ůӡ
˵ŮأټմȾ糾ν֮أܴЩˣһϲŻҲڽϴ֣֮ЩطԶԶģһ徻ĵطס
⣬ɵЩƣƾĻסڷسϣͼʲôϵ
ȵ˵ꡣ
ƾڣҵĻ
˵˴ͬ顣
ƾ˵ⱱ˴ͬģ֬ͬˣ֮֬ͬԻôȫһǣΪ
ȻͨĸȴΪͨ࣬ͨĲС
һʲôͨŮӣȻڰ˴ͬһ룬˭˭޷š
ϾһҪҪôŻҪôҪôġ
֣ͨĳ֮⣬ҲõĲУ˵ֵ޷ĵزһߣһأһķ糾ŮݲһȣȻЩ
ɾһͨĲͨŮӣȻֻҪһΣڶΣһθڶΡ
£ˣûпÿġ
£ˣҲδ˵ġ
һĽǶ⻹ɴһǶȴЩ졭
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һʼҶûķ룬ɵȴ˷֣ģ϶һյðϺϺâ͵ƣϻһһĶȴû˼̯ʲôģ׽ˣȴûһΣ
һŮӣòƽƽҲƽƽȴÿε̨ȥģһյ͵ƣһһѪɫ浽ȵۣ˵ж죬ж죬һʱ䣬ʱһʮʮ٣ٴǧ˸顣
ԽԶȴԽǰۿݳǸ߼һȴˡ
ЩݳǰҹˣһʼǱһ뿴ôˣ˾Σɼ֮Щ˾ͺ֮ǰЩһƵĸ׷
еһУﵽʱȴȻʧ١
ʧĺȫ¶ûһѰϱûڼ
ʱסĵطǰһֱϵյƣ˴ͷϡ
ƣ֮ǰϵʱȴ˼Ĩ
þ취뽫յƵȴûһ˳ɹġ
ҹǣյƵˣȫڷ״൱桭
סķ䱻˸Ժ䣬û˸̤
һеǾʧˡ
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313 Ŷ
ֱȻһ죬һ𣬽ǰסǸԺյһɶԺеյƶյʧԺűҸ
֬ͬǰڵǼ䡰糾¥㽫Ժӻգװһ顣
װԺ䣬϶סˣȴûڳǣ֬ͬųӵ˶ûС
ŷչ˴ͬҲʼսˤ䣬ָ󽥽ķչξ㡣
֮ǰǼ䡰糾ŵһЩΪ곤ͬһķ糾Ůӣںȫסǲκ˽Ӵ
Ҫ֪һմȾ糾Ůӣ곤֮ҪôѡȥļˣҪôҲԶԶ뿪ƬǷ֮ء
ɼЩȴЩ⣬Ϊƾ˵˵ȥѹû˵ϰ
ɵãüͷйôˣĪĵطȥˣȺϴסԺӣʧǰŵǷпͼôأ
һʳڣƾҡҡͷ˵˾䣺ȥ˲֪
仰Ȼڸң˵̫ף󣬻̲סķ˸ۣȥ˾֪ô򵥵ĵһ᲻
ҸסȻ;һ׼˶Բߵģˣһ̲סʰ
һˬļð𣬾ȴʱƾΪҽ𣺡Ժ֮ԱҺƾӣΪЩΪ徻ӷ֮ǰƾ黳ɣһֱûʧ٣һֱԺš
һʱЩ죬Щͣû⻰˵ʲô˼ʲôһֱûʧ٣ԺŰ
ѵ̫ʲôңҪųңԺͱ˻˸ݣʵһֱԺ
հһʣ뻹ûشƾѾʼЦˣЦôôɰ㵱˭㣬ݳŴϼ
ŴϼѾԺбã˴αƾһᣬͷʱӿֳһĪ΢йٸǿңǿҵҶЩ޷״ʲô
ҳ˳ǣֱӶƾ˸ۣٽĿת֮ʱѾڣ˵ԺһǻţҲǡ
ˣ
һ⻰̲סڴϣȴҵ˵ͷ˵пʧٵʱѾˣ֮飬ûں˵ҵĺıĸˣȴסûʡ
ŵľƵúõ˯һڶһ磬һ˱㳯žҾƵ겻׵ġ֬ͬȥ
˵ģǵһɲ֪Ϊʲôҵĸо֮ǰȴкܴĲһΪ֮ǰΪһЩ£ûնķ羰һ;ƾϱĽֵϣȻҲΪ˰£ɿΧֵϵİãȴ⻹ϱĸоȻ
֬ͬſڣƾûôżҳߣյĴ֬ͬҹ䣬һõĵֱҽȥѺóԵģģõȫһͳȻ󡭡
ƾţ
ƾտʼŶʱί뺰۸ˣ
ûӿѳ㱻ɱˡ
ֱΧĵ꣬ѹһ飬Сʾ룺ǲżһ˴ȵô죿
뵭Ŀһۣ˾䣺ѵαô
һ̬ȣֿ˿ƾʱҲû˵Ŵ󲿶¹ȥ
ҪΪ֮ǰ֪֬ͬǶ飬һΪֵģľٶǰرǴũıû棬ɶɶ
ֱߵ֬ͬΪ棬װʮּ򵥣ӵĹŶ֮󣬽ҵĹŶҲܲõϣòÿǲȫһ֮ͨϰˣɵڣһ䣺˵һ𣿡
û˵Ŀתң뿪ڻشƾȴҵĻ˾䣺ѽϰ壬ǵĶá
ƾУżַУ˵ĵȴᣬ˸оһǷĵġ̾
ϰһ϶ʱ˼־⣬˵ٺ٣СӻʶĶɲȱ˼԰Ĳ
һϰ⻰ûסֱЦ˳˵ûôӴŶôҲ¹ôĹѨССʽĶҲ٣˶ܿĳϰĶٷ֮ʮŶǼٻҲ˵Ϲ
һôණ񱩷ƵģϰҵֻģԵģҵꡰɨһաûУϰǣҲ
ƾȴƨƵһ䣺ϰ壬˵ղذߣɶϲղأ֮ǰҲȥ˼԰ˣǶĶûĺá
⻰˵൱ԲҵĶߣȴӲĲУ
ƾ֬ͬͷǳ죬ٶɲڸҡ
֮ôһ˽ӣĿ꣬ȴҹ꣬ҪôǵڵĶҪôϰ⡣
ϰҲǸеˣһƾ䵽ȥˣЦһãϵƶ켷ɾջˡ
ɲ˼԰ĶܺҵȰ˵ģҼ֬ͬ￪Ŷ꣬ѾǵĴˡĹŶǴʱʼռģ֬ͬڼʮǰǸ糾ӣʲô˶С


314 
һϰ⻰۵͵һ⣬ʱ˾ƾеĿġ
֮ǰƾѾҹŶĵϸһ֣ȥԺӵ飬䲻ɣ
ϰĻŸ䡣ƾæһݵĵ˵ͷͷ˲䣬۵һĨķ̣ȴǡɱҿ˸š
ò˵ƾеʱ˵˻˵Ŀ¡
ƾ汦Ƶģһϰ⳶֬ͬæ˾䣺ϰ岻˵֮ǰҲٹڱ˴ͬȤ£ģ֬ͬĹ¥ˣ⿪ôЩĵ֪꣬¥𣿡
˭ϣϰһ¥֣ɫ˲һƺƾ˵ʲô˵ĵط֮ϣֻϢһ٣ؾƾȴȴֽŵһ䣺ѽʵʲôѽϰĶɱȱ˼԰ĶҪãôܻ᲻֪֬ͬĹ¥
ƾһ仰˲佫ŶϰȥŶϰرӣװƣʱҲֱƾ˽ȥƾĻ˵ͷ˵˾䣺¥ĵַǵб棬Ѿˡ
˵䣬ϰ廹ߵȥһԵһһָ
źǣϰ¥λãѾΪһ佨µС¥¥һơѾҵ¥
ƾ´½Ƶģϰ۾ɵ˸˽⣬ϰ壺ϰ壬¥¶ŹһЩ𣿡
ϰûŻش𣬶ǵĽ˴ͷŴһ飬󵭵һ˵ҿ˵ĴţгֵĺҲƽ˼ңòڹ¥ʲô¶Ժܹɣ
ò˵ϰԶǴ󣬻䣬ұ⻰ĳ˳ǣƾܺ͹̸ϰСʱȴʱ˵ͷ۵׵ĳݸһĿϰ
ϰ壬һҾ;ˣȻǲͬ찡ڹ¥Щʲô¶үү˵ʱ֬ͬĹ¥ʲôŮĳ衣
ƾƨĵĺãϰһ⻰ֱ
Ҽģĵײɵø̾һ䣺ƾ;Ǿ䣬һϸףһڰŪ㡣
Ҹ̾ǣûΪˣǳΪѣİ˲ƤпΪǮ
ƾһϰ⻰æĵ˵ͷ˵ԣϰˣǽģүү˵òÿãҲãȴԵĲУֻҪ裬ڶΣѻƬƵġ
ƾ⻰һ˵꣬ϰɫȴ͵شżֽţƾޡ˵µĶĴ˿
ҿϰľٶʱɻ
Ҫ֪ڿǴ죬ʲôɿģ
ϰ嶫˺þãСƾĵ˾䣺֬ͬǧ˵Ļ
˵⻰ʱϰ൱أǼ˹Ƶģżֲ԰ס
ԽҾԽǶɻˣ
ƾȴֳһ첻µزģһصؼӴɤţϰ壺Ϊʲôﲻ˵Ǹ𣿡
ϰһŵæڵ˾䣺ѽ˵ͶˣɫҲˣȻߣ
ϰôԸ˵Ļ˭ĶߣЩҸǣϰôЩȻ仰ײ
ƾһԣȻǲġ
ϰĻŸ䣬ƾɫ͵һ䣬ڳһģǣԼµĶɨһ飬ϰ壺ĶôҲиʮ˶԰ɣ
ϰͷû˵ȴҲףӽʲô˶УһƾǸǵóԲ˶ߣ
ôЩΪ˸ϷӻҸߣ
ƾ˵⻰ʱܵȴɢһ޵ƦϰʱЩɵ
ϰ廹ûü˵ɲǣƾʱٴοڣ˾죺һϷӣ͸ߣҵҪʲôˣܹүү֮ǰ߶ţˣôš
⻰ֱҪƾʰ·ˣ
֪˭ı˭ĿҲΪ˵飬Ժӵ飬ȴ仰Щ¶ƲŶϰҪøѾȥ˵ߣ
Ŷϰ屻ƾ仰ŵһʱһ𣬻һȿ޶Ҫѿı飬̾˿Ҳ˵ǲ˵
ƾ󣬵ġǡһû̬۵׵ɱȴ൱ԡ
ɲڶԹŶϰ͸¶һ仰ӿбˣҪǸƭңֱӰ궼ˣ
ƾǸϰһ棬ֺһ⣬̬ת֮죬˸̾
ϰ屾ͱƾⷭٶŵòᣬڱһɱŵģݺһҧǾʲôƵģƾ֪
ƾͷ˾䣺ôණѵΪһ˵ˣⶼˣ
Ļ䣬ϰҡҡͷȴʱǰŶűϣǣ˹ŶԺһ
Ŷ꽨ʮֹӣṹҲϱĺԺԺӣͺüӣҪû´Ļƶϰʲ
Ҽ״ɵø̾һ䣺׬Ǯ
ɾ߽ӵɲǣҶʱŵĲᣬҴûʲôסŵķ䣬ڷ˸ʽĻƷ
ɵãҲ˹Ŷϰһ䣺ϰ壬ôЩƷ˭


315 ϵ
ֻϰСĽŹϣҡꡱһݣ˵ˮ£̾һ˵ţұǲ˵ģλС
Ȼϰ嵽ڻǲ˵Ҹѡ
ɾµɲǣƾЦϰ壺ţϰ壬⻰ʲô˼
дŨŨıʣǺϰ嶼Ҫˡ
ϰ彩ЦŴźǺǡ˵˾䣺ûûʲô
˵⻰ȴĬˣȻǼ㵽ȫشҲŵĲС
ԽҾԽǺ棬ǺηʥȻܰϰų
ֻϰݺݵ˼ҺƾоЦЦǺݺҧҧ˵˾䣺ЩڷĻƷġ
Ļ䣬üëû⣬ϾղǾ仰Ȼʾ䣬ɴҵ
ϰһ˵⻰˾Ȼ㲻ɲǣֱӿڣǵʲôݣ
ϰ˵ʮԲϲðķУɴϵôЩŶڱĵطôЩҵȻҲǼˡ
һһôƷȲ˵£ҲԲῪƷϾЩʮּɻĶ
ʲôݣҪ𣿡
ŻشƾȴֱӿڣҵĻȻ뽫浽ˡ
Ȼϰһƾ⻰죬˵һ飬˵ģ֮ǰƾûж룬Ȼġ
ɺ˵ĻȴЩ𾪡
˵ʧٺö꣬֬ͬûֹʲô߰¶ֱסǼԺӺȻ¼֮㿪ʼ¡
ʼãҲû£ֻһЩԺŹֵĺӰˣۻ
֮ԺĹȴԽԽ࣬λڹ¥ϰķ糾ŮԼĪһӵʱܵԺȥϲȴڻطʱڷϿϵ
ŮӵͱŷˣԺ޴ţûһ˶ˡ
Ժ޴󺰵ŮӡʱЩ죬ǰѯʣȴĿвŷ
⻰һȻǽҶŵòᣬ뽫Ŀתȥȴһͺͺķ֮⣬ҲûĶ
󣬴ֻŮססĵط̫£ֻþ㲻֮ˡ
Ůӣɵ֮󣬱㱻˻ؼҡ
֮Ժͣ˺óһʱûڳ¡
ֱϳֹǼٴס֮Ժӣֿʼ
ɱڵˣȴסˣסķ糾Ůӡ
ԺϽһھҶھȡˮȵģŷֹסһ֮ÿȥǿھȡˮȣиĵŮ泪衭
ҳģǸʣһСһǳĲеĵӡ
ӣȴ˶ģԺ˶ˣΨհŮǡλߣа
ھû˸ȥˮˣֻŮӣÿȥǶˮ
ûȥǴˮ֮ҲûʲôΪ»ô֮ȥɾһ֮ҰŮӣȻ֮ǰŮһԺӵéڸصԼ䣬ȴڴŵһɲǣϵ
ͷЦ
ǸߣӱȽϴֱӴ˸ɨ˽ȥ뿴˭ڵɾ嵽µһɲǣֱӴӷϵ
ֻʣһͷ­ڷϡ
˵ҪжˣжˣʹŮһλ׵׵ΨߣйҲֱӱɵˡ
ŵһߴУһ߳ȥɾɲǣȴһȥ
Ҳ֪ߵĵӱȽϴôģһϣ˵ĵһӦŵȴݺһҧһŽŸ˿߿˲䣬ֱܳԺӣ˶˳
ɺ֮ǰһ˶֮ٿӵʱȴӰӶ˵ʬˡ
ܴ󣬼˲֪˲ŮӣǸս¥ķ糾ŮӣҲ¼˵ûҲ֪ԺǰµģסǼӣҲԭסġ
ɵã侲һ֮ԺˣʧˣԺ
ɴҵһ»شǣʧˣԺ
Ϊʧʱ򣬹¥ɳ˴󲿶ȥѰȴûѰɹأ
Ů󣬺侲ʴһ⣬ô˵ģûиҲûû裬ûɱ֮󣬶˾ΪǱıɱԹ̫أԲŻڣ
⻰һµɲǣȴõһµҡͷȫ˵⾮﷢һ㲻ˣҲ˻ζ
ɴҵĻظŮӵ黹ڴһըҩ
ϾʱʧٵʱԺӶұˣǶˣȴûҵӰ
ңҹôطھûһɡ
ϾҪھˣˮҲζˮζһĸԴҸûھ롣
οʧʱеĻȴûյһֱߵ͵ƣҲûΪߵ̫æ˴ˣ
ӣһȥĵĹ˺һҲûʲôӡ
ֱҶΪʱһϢȴ˴ҵĶԡ
ͻؼѾ˵ķ糾ŮӣȻڼϵ


316 
ŮϵϢҶߵĵסߵŮӣҲ˷֮ϡ
־ڣܸߣ˰򵥵ӡȥ
οʬĽ£߷ĵӶûУֱӱ˷֮ϣ
ҸֵǣԺˣÿ˶óٳ֤ݡҲ֤֤Ůҹû˽
Խ֤ݣŮӵԽ죬ϾܹԼôߵķ֮ϣ
һʱ䣬Ժˣʱ񾭽һһľԼ
齫Ժֹȥͨ¥Ĺ¡ȴԭѹ
±ѹ֮󣬸飬Ҳ֮ˣǰסԺµĲеǼŮӣȻͬסԺһסǺЩ꣬ڵڣסǸԺûаߡ
ɾôһڣ֬ͬˣ֪ǼԺֹû˸ҿ⼸ס֬ͬŮӶ˵˹Ƶġ˼˶㡭
¶˵⣬ҲȻˣϰ鶼˵ˣȴٳû˵ڷôƷģΪʲô
ϾڲֻԺ
ҽһʣϰȻǲ˵ģȴסƾġա󣬻ǱǿƵĸ˳
ԭϰʱ棬͵͵ϵʱèǼԺӣȴèϵһɲǣˮһλƤŮӣһװһģһŵֱܻ˼ңܱаĹŶȫϣ⻹
ڵڶһ磬ֱܵ˸¸صȥ䣬Űġ
Ҳʱϰ˰ë˳ȥУϲǽϿXXһΣϰȥģȥؼҡ
ԡ㷿Щǳͬһ֣ۻģ
󣬲ʵϰ˵ͷ˵ǰܸܲӦЩǿĴų
ҳ˳ǣû˵ĵȴĲУ
ôҲһŶģȻһֻ³
ֱϰ彫һ˵꣬ƾ;һ֮뿪ҹŶꡣ
뿪֮ǰԵϰ廹һȵȣ˾䣺Ǻ˵ʵǲǾͱģҺ˵ԺӹĲУסŵЩ̫Ƶģ˶ǽӴġ
˵⻰ʱϰѹͣȻǼɵĲС
ɾƾϰܶ˵⻰ԼãϰҲǸĳϺˣȻԲһ㡣
ƾĽŲһ٣ͷϰ˵ͷ֮ﳤȥ
½Щ˽֮󣬻ص˾Ƶ꣬ҵһ仰ʵıƾ˵ϵģǱģ
ƾȴҡҡͷ˾䣺ǣ
ʲôʵ
ԼԼ¡
ƾһĲУݺݰһ۸֮죬һ;ļƻ
һ룬뻹ƾֿ˴ûڸ
⻰䣬ҶʱС˾䣺˴֪ƾԤ⣬ҲԤ⣬ôܻ᲻Լ񣿡
ƾȴʱЦŲ˾仰˵ǵȻԼ񣬵ȴһ¡
ʲô£æʵ
ƾصߵǰͷ£Ҷ˵˾䣺ԼӵԼڵٶ࣬ʲôã
һʱüƾ㵱˴ǹԳأԳǺôиһӣ˴ж
ƾȴʱҡҡͷ˵ֻ¶һ룬жģȷʵֻ˴Ǳ϶һ֧ŵģȥռôϣ
󣬱ûڶˣɫҲʱҲ֪ǲĹ£֬ͬôɫһڣҵıĪЩԼǲǱ˶˵ĸо
ûиԻظԵķ䣬ʰ˶ٴ̳֬ͬȥ
֮ǰǴִŵĹ˴еǵ͵ĲС
봩һڲ˵Ϣ֬ͬС·û˵ĵطţֱǿߵͬľͷû˵ĵضƾСĶҵ˾䣺ԼСĵ㡣
󣬲ĿƾЦŵ˾䣺Ӵ̫𰡣ˡ
ƾ⻰˸ۣûҡ
˵Ҿƾ죬Ҳֲϣȴǵ춹ĵˣڧż죬ؼʱ̣໥ĺܣסˣһ¶⣡
뵭ĿһۣҵյĸˣҺƾߵһûκι䵽ĵط֮ͣƾȷ˴Ǽ˺Ȼ뿪˱
ƾͷ˵ǵĹλˣģĿЩ΢ı仯ȴҲû˵ʲôĵض˴ĵطƾȥ
ƾһɫʱĸƵģʾ룺ΪʲôҰ
ѵң뵭һ䣬ŵĶ˵æͰվ˵·ȥ
룬ȴҵ֣վһԣյĿƾĶ
ԺӺܴķ֮һôķҲָܶ࣬ǸӵĲУƾĵĸ棬˺þãȴûʲôʱֹ˾䣬ʾ룺ǲҴԺӣԺ˵ӰˣɫôڣſӰû
ûǶԵġ
룬뾹ʱĻһƾŵĶʱһ㶣״ֱӰһۣ֬ͬԺ⣬ŨԺ𣿡
ƾҡͷ˵ûУ뵭šƾ´½Ƶģһ󺰲ѿڶæԼ졣
Сʾ룺ڸô죿
ȴһţ˵ȥ
ȥʲô
ȥš
ЩŮһǹҳô죿
ģô󣬳㣬
⻰䣬ƾ仰ɫ࣬ûȴӲ£̣ĲУһԿˣҪԼһֱǿ̣ƶЦ
ԭؾãƾǰվ˵ĻȥˣǰŵɲǣҲƵ˵˾䣺׳ʿһ·ƽ
ƾ͵ػͷݺݵĿһۣҪɱˣڶܱɱǧٴˣ
ںͷƾһˬֵýԼϢһ·ĺƵģǰÿȹӵĴţֱҲ̲סҧŴŲЦ
ƾԹԵվڴǰ˺þãȴû˿ţ·Ժƾ˵ӰûУ
ɾƾתɲǣźȴ˼·ЩO@ǽЬڵذŵ
󣬴ڴˡ֨ѽһһȴ̴߳ǵǰһƾĴ˼ۣȷ桰ûˡֻƾһ֮ſƾСӣ˭
˵Ȼȴ̴棬ɷȴ˻ƵĲУĸо̶
ţס𣿡
ƾװһ޹űŵĲ԰׵ָָԺӣɾƾָԺӵɲǣæƾָ֣Ժӡ
ƾʱЩ죬ߣΪʲôָԺӰ
ԭȴû˵ƾһΣСӣ˭
ģţҵүүһλУСʱ˵˺ܶڱ˴ͬ飬˵ı֬ͬˡүүر棬Һҵ֬ͬɾڸղšҾȻҵС߶ˡ
һƾ˵⻰Ͷأ
˵ϹƾҳƵڶû˸ҳƵһǾǰƶûƾôϹİɡ


317 Ժ
̻أģȻǴˣƾ˵Լүү˵֬ͬ飬ҲΪ棬ȴҲ൱֡
Ͼеүүˣ˵⡰潡£
ԣλһƾô˵˺þãֱ֮ӽƾ߶˸ףƾүүô˵֬ͬģ
ƾĿܺ˵ôףġҪôǽԺӣҪôҲͼ
ƾһ顰ѽһֱţһҡҡͷ˵ڲ˵үүʱҵС߶ˣұӶҲǣ˺öࡣûֻе绰𣿡
ȻƾĿľԺӣɾƾɲǣλֱҡͷ˵û绰
ôԵľܾƾƵġһһװһģСĵ˾䣺˺ö࣬Һúһȥ˶ĵطû绰ô찡
˵˵šƾ̾һʮòĶߵ˾䣺ллֱתƺȥ
ɾƾת̤뿪ɲǣߵȻƾ𣺡ȵȡ
ɲǣƾʱֽתߵɲǣۼĶҺ;ķ˦˸ޱȵ
ţôˣ
ƾװһʮģŲ԰׵Ǵ˼Уͼֿģ
ҷû绰˵ķСԽá
߻ɲǣƾ͵رųһ⣬ĵĲУȴʱֱӸƾһˮ
绰ÿԣҪ˵˵үүô㽲֬ͬô棿
ȻƾµĿãλڲ֪Уֱӵ˿С
ҪƭλţҲûô׵ģϾסԺġҲ֬ͬͷСķ糾ŮӣȻǽ֬ͬǲĴٹһҪƾ⳶˸Уүүܱɨߡ
ţס֬ͬܶ˰ɣѽ
ò˵ƾǰܹĳ˼Ҷ̨£˳ĿˣװһԼʲô֪ģ
һƾϣҲûʲôı飬ֻĿһƾ󵭵ЦЦ˵Ϊ֬ͬס˺Щ꣬ͦġ
ƾ󣬵ġŶһֻʲô֪СƵģɵЦ󿪿ڵҲûʲô˵֬ͬһ¥ر¥и̨Ӻ˼˵˺ܶЩ顣
ƾ˵¥ֵʱŵĿжԴż˸Ҳ֪뵽ʲôĿĲУ
صĺܺãƾʲôˣôܻӳ۾
˸ɲǣֱӱƾ۵ףڣŵĻţ¥ʲôʱ򱻲ģ˺þãûҵټ
ƾ˵ЩʱλߵĿ⣬һֱƾϣ´κһϸ΢ı顣
ƾĻ䣬ȴûشҲ֪Ǻƾٴôģãŵڵ˾䣺ͦʱͱˡ
˵仰˶٣ֲƾһ䣺үүǺУǽʤ
һԼƾ˸̨£ϲɵĨЦ⣬뿴ƾôشģƾȴҡҡͷ˵ǣʤ˭
ƾ⻰һҵ͵һɻ󣬻ͷĿһ۾룬СƾΪʲô˳ŵĻ˵ȥ
ɾȴ񿴰׳ƵĿһۣ˾䣺һʤ̫Ŷ׫ģƾһ˳˵ȥʹˣ
ĻէһǸɵҿžĿ⣬˼ֳݣֻǿƾĿ⣬ɻǴż
ƾһʳڣűЦŻش˾䣺û˭ϴˡ
˵⻰ʱеľ裬Է˲٣ƾһ⻰ȴţѵʶĺУ𣿡
һ˵ƾ˶٣۾Ժ̽̽˾䣺ĵطҺǮȻĺԺ
εЦЦϴżֺͰȴмɭ֮Աڣûƾϻƾ㲻绰𣿽ɣȥҡ
˵˵ţžͽƾӣǰصĴ˿дżСģžડһصľֱӹ
ľűϣŵӰƾӰȻҲʧҺ;ǰһǲɵżʾ룺ƾȥ°ɣ
ɾȴбһۣ˾䣺ƾڻûô
˼ƾǰԺ
Ҳûٶ룬;һûһĳţΪƾȥװģ̽顱һӹȥˣƾûһΪƾʲôסˡ
ȥһ绰ʮӶûгѾżĻˣ
ҧ˺þãۿŶҪʮˣƾӰûг֣Ҳ̲סˣʾ룺ƾ᲻ˣ
ᡣû̧˵
ҪҪȥ
áУż
ɵã˾䣺һйƾʲô죿
⻰һʳڣұЩ̫Լǣ˾䣺һйƾǹô죿
ôͷһ⣬뾹һԴǵľҵҪйҲˣƾϡ
Ҳû仰ЦˣǰԺӣȴʱһƺ
ڸ質


318 ۣŮ
һһµë׶ʱһ˫ĺܽͷ룬ȴˡ֨ѽһĿһæͷת˹ȥȴתȥɲǣ㱻һ
һӰ˳һڣݺ¶֫һƬΨеǵ۰ףΪĿ
ӰӣҲɵʿˮĿһֱӰȥķֱʧҵǰŽĿһתͷǰȺޱȵĴţɾҵĿ׼ŵɲǣƾԴ˳ҡڵĳȥ
ֱƾӰʧ֮ڣ̧Ŵϣȴһסֻ֣Զҡҡͷ۵״żɭ䣬˼ԣұ𶯡
ҲĿһ۾룬û˵ȴͣ˳Ŀ⣬Ŵڿ˹ȥ
ɾʱھһŲ԰ޱȵҪڵƹӰӣĻ˹
ɾһȴһϮɫۣǿʽϺ̲ķ緶涼˴ȸɴˣȴһλ׵ˡ
һλ˴·ôôЩ֣ɵüеľˡ
ʱԴ˼Ǹ߸Ь·գգա˳ƽĿת˹ȥȴλմ߳ĺӰȻҵĴűϣվߣڴŴɫ۵̫Ŵ˸кڡ
֮󣬴صıԻ˴ű
Ȼһ׵̫ţſ浽ȵĴɫ۷ǳ֣ʮֺˣһǺӰȴʲôˡ
ƺǸڲΪӰ˵ĺˣΪʵ벻ʲôʻ
ô˵ҲǼٴˡϼˣȴûһˣͷţǼﻹЬӣڲģǵ˺ڷƵģ۰ףûһɫĵط
ҪΪ·ƹ⣬˳ҹ˼ˣܵ˹
ҲΪһڣҿȴٳûģ
վһᣬңСĵĿ߶С·뿪ˡ
뿪֮󣬾ͳֻƾ˸绰ƾģֱܵ֬ͬԵһʮֵСȥƾ
ߵƾĸǰҼƾϣһŲϣﻹֻǺ«ģʱ׵ĲУƾڸ
ƾһ̧ͷһۣԵǺ«ҶЩ壺ԡǺ«
˵⻰ӵץһֻǺ«ҳԲԣ
ӹɿǺ«мһϵǣѾĳ˿һ飬ʱǺ«ֱƾ
ڲʮһңĽͷǷǳ֣Ҳ֪ڻǰĽŻôģҿΧƻɺо˼ַɵĸо
ƾоصƵ֮һûüʣƾڹŵһɲǣֱӿڣЦǲ²£ҽȥ֮󿴼ʲô
ƾýָͷܲµҺ;벻ʣҲֱӸǣңѧžģ죬Ŀ
һһ޵ı飬һˬȴ̲ס˵˾䣺ҸղԺһһڵŮˡ
ҲˡƾĻ䣬ҽ˾仰⻰һӣжʱ˼ֲ죬ңҲˣʲôʱ򿴼ģ
ҰѿӰƾ˵һ飬ƾź֪ĵ˵ͷ˵Ůģȥװģ绰ʱȥġ
ԭƾһԺӵʱ򣬾͸ܵԺŨŨǿڲصѪ֮ϳıǼ⣬Ȼ֪Ժ⣬Ǵ⣬һѪζԺӲΪ棬ֵǣԺסˡ
ңסźüˣ
Ҫ֪һصĵطһ¶ܱʴסԺСգ֢ǼλסԺ̫Ųû£ϳЩ԰֮⣬С컹رĺ󣬶ңһһ
һӣƾĴһۣ˸˵ԼֱۣӽԺéǶޱȵé˺þá
˵ţƾһƵʾ룬˵˵ҶˣôĵĿôãҪҪң
ɾĽƾˣһۡ
ƾġߡһ˵Ժ顣
ĺԺ﷿ͦ࣬а˾Ÿмǿյģмס˵ģéȴֻһƾŵǸ
ڹʱĽһֻܴһé޲Ϊ棬ϾʱõĶĶ̵ۣΪĵطéˡ
ΪԺѪȵζǴéﴫġ
Ҫƾû´ĻԺҪôǱ˲󷨣ҪôԺӵĵصʬӽ£ʿܶ౻֣Խʬéӵ£éӵϢסʬĺۼ
Ҫôˣéӵ£ڸʵ֮
ܻˣԵ޹ʵıôۻĵط֮¡
ԣƾŶģһ߹۲éӣһ߿ԺĶԼĪǹʮӣƾȻԺмǿھ˸Ķ
һʼƾΪǸǵӰֱӰӳ˵ƹ£ŷ֣Ȼˡ
Ҳ֪ƾĿ̫ȱ˷֣ΪһͳΪӰӵĿ꣬Ӱվڵƹºƾ˺þãֱƾ̽ԵĴéվ𣬳֮ӰӲʧƾǰ
Ժվŵƾݵߣ񿴲ǺӰƵģֱкƾһӣ֮ƾҲ֪ˡ
ƾװģĴ˺ôԼĵ绰װһ˽żûͷģȴֱӱ߸˳ȥ
ƾ˵Щ֮󣬺;뻹һ˸ܽᣬܽܽȥȴúʲô˵ĶǡµͷЩ޴֡
ɵãֱӿڣƾȻȥ̽̽
ƾһ⻰Ǽ˹Ƶģ˾䣺Ҫȥȥ֡
Ҽ״˳ǣ˾䣺ȥȥһ¹˭
˵һ仰ʱһоûʲô˵ڶʱ򣬲ֹңƾ˶׷һ㶣·û뵽ҾȻԳƻգ
ĽǣҺ;һȥ̽Ͼƾƶϣ˴ǻ֮ڻصĿ֬ͬԺӡ
Ҫû֮ǰһΪǿпܻᱻǣűߡ
ԼĪһᣬƾűһ߳˷䣬صԼķ䣬֮ϴһ飬ھĻа˯ɾȴҳһƣ˹ȥ
һһû壬һʾ룺תȥ
ɾȴһ䣺ǲǺȣΪʲôϢôء
ұһʣʵĶʱЩ죬˵⻰ȴϷӦ˹ЦӯӯĿһ۾룬㽫ת˹ȥҵ󣬽ұ˻С
ΪһھĻһҹ˯˯˯ţȴһӰҵ֡
һζξͷͷƵģԺдУеȻһͷû׽ȴһӰҵԺ֮С
ȻҽĨӰ
ֻһҿޣһЦһỹһֱ飬̬չǰȻҺһι𣿡
Щ࣬㲻Ϻܺȴص㡣
ҺҵЩ죬ɵãᡰšһ
ȴʱңʲô֣
һ֣ҵ񾭶ʱϾоϻ˵ĺ
ڡĽҰʱرҹҪ˺ǧӦΪǹҪӦˣܱˣ
Ǽû˵кȻᣬĵ˾䣺ɲ԰ң


319 û˵ʵ
һ˵⻰ʱЩɻʲô֣
ҽС
Ļûü˵ǰһֱˣʱѾһԿˡӱ򿪣۹ֱҵϣµůϺ
εʲôˣû뵽һ仰ʵľҶʱεġһ˵ûʲôɾĿ⻹Ǵżɻƺǲ̫˵ġ
ûУһʣ̲סμ˵һ飬˵껹ƲƲ죬ֻһ֪ǸӰ˭ˡ
ɾȴЦˣ˵һ䣺Ҫû´ĻǸӰǡ
Ļĺܳҵθڣĺݺݰһۣ˵ȴ˹Լȥ²¿֮ȥϴһ˷
ǸκʵʵεĶģθʲôһ
ѵ˵ǸӰ֮ԳԺԼԸǱȵ
뵽⡣æӴȽ·ˣ֮ϴ
Ÿϴ꣬ű㱻ˣһƾĵײɵðһһֺʱ䡣
Ҳûһ߿ž飬һ߽ʰһ飬֮˾Ƶꡣ
ĵطҪǱǣһЩɽĵطǼ˶ô鷳Ĳȵ㣬ԻһַʽһС
ϱ˶ӵĵطҪǳ˵¶ͷˡ
ԷʱƾصҺ;֬ͬһǼҹŶ緹̯ϳ緹ƾ˵ŵĺܴȻŶϰע⡣
һƾЩ⣬Ͼϰ岻ǰ֪ĸ˵˵Ķ˵𣿼Ȼǻǰ
ҲŰһʣƾȴٺ١Ц˵Ͳ˰ɣ
ҷ˸ۣѵŶϰϴû˵ʵ˼ҵĻȥŻ˼𣿡
ƾһʮĿһۣҡҡͷȻûң۵׵˼Ǻԣƾѣ
˾䣺ûƭǣ˵ĶʵĻû˵ȫ
ʲô˼ҷʵ
ƾȴ˦˸һ֪ı飬֮ûˣǳ緹ûҺ;ҡڵĳŹŶȥ
ŶϰͿƾͣĵ̯ѵˣƾľȥĲʱĵȥ
ϰһƾķŵĹŵ͵һɫ˲䶼Щף̲סꡱһֱЦ˳
ֻƾߵǼҹŶĵſڣһŲ˼ҵżϣϰק˳ر𡰺ġİĵżƦִżֹĽϰֱϵǳ緹ϡ
þòû뵽ǣϰ屻ƾϵϵɲǣѵÿڵľ룬֮ǰ˵˻
ϰô˵ҲǸﷷӣ棬ΪҲرԲЩ֪ھ뿪˵ʱ򣬰˵Ļֱ˻ȥһЦžЦЦ˾䣺þò
˵⻰ʱϰԴżֲȻȺˡ
ɾȴġšһû˵ԼϵϢ˳ŵϰ緹̯ϻЩ䶼ʼð亹
Ҽ״̲ס٩һ䣺ⱱµ죬ôôˣϵŶ
룬䣬ƾĽһ䣺ɲǣôȣҸоǿȥϰĹŶ𰡡
ƾ⻰һ˵꣬Ŷϰ屾Ͳ԰׵ŵǽһɷײѣֱӳеķߡ
ֻ̾һĿһۣ󿪿ڵңʲô£
һ˵ؾʲôȴƾˣһ˵һûУæ죬˰ԵĶ
ϰһѯˣƾûɫ͵һ壬ĸջƵģѿĲУ̾һȻˡ
λôܹعС˵ĵ꣬ҲһԵ֣ǽ͸СģҪʲôһౡ֮λ
⻰һǰҶЦˣϻһ˿Ц⣬ƾһۣ˵֮ǰֱϰ塣Ҫʲô㶼һæ𣿡
䣬ϰæͷ˵һֻ¸λòСġ
ƾĻȨϰ⻰û˵꣬æڵ˾䣺ϰôˣôһҹֻ꣬ԼһˣͲ̫ףô˼æ
ϰһƾ⻰ϸ¶һϲƾЦӯӯٴοڣϰô˵ˣô˼ܾ
⻰ֱӰϰҭģݵĲС
ƾвȵķʽȡϰ˵Ļȴϰر𷸼ҪæƵġ
ϰ屻ƾ⻰ŵüҼˣҲû˼ˣֱӿڶƾ˾䣺˼һأʲô˵˷˼ʱˡ
ϰһҰ˵æмĿһۡ
ƾһۣЦϰ壺ϰ壬ǵ֮ǰ˵¥λ𣿡
ϰ󣬵˵ͷ˵ǵá
ƾԱ˱ۣ͵ؽĿ̧𣬴żѹȵʵǲʲôû˵
ô᣿ϰĵ˾䡣
λӦģȴƾǾ롣
֮ǰ˵èǼԺӵΧǽϿ˺װһģһƤŮھ߶𣿡
뿪ڵɲǣϰͷ˵ԡ
ɾȴЦˡ
û˵ʵ


320 ˴
ϰһɫ͵رʮѿƺǱѹȵѶЩεĿž룬ʿˮ˵Щʲôû˵
Ȼ¶ƾһЦ⣬ҵϽΪƽͣҲϰ徹ĽĿתҵǰһۡ
ҶʱЩ㵣ȴĿӡ
Ȼϰû˵ʵžƾ֪
ʱһһĹȥƾżƵģ˺Ȼʼһûһ죬ϰֱһߣԽεѹȡԽܴݻĵĵߣϰҲ̲ס̾һ֪ʲô
ƾû˵Ŀתҵߣ˼ԣȥϰ塰족
ɵãҿһ䣺ôģ¸ǽжˣ緹̯ˣ
ҵЩ󣬴·˶׷תͷǣر緹ϰ壬ͣеĶ̧ͷ
ɺĿһ緹̯ϰ壬㽫Ŀջء
ϰ屻һʡɫȴεĲСƺվǽŶ¶ƺ֪ôڡ
ƾһ˵ŹŶȥ
˹Ŷ꣬ǰǸƷϰķ֮ƾֱӿڣ֪˵Ļʲô𣿡
ϰչغţæתͷƺЩƾȴЩ棬ʲô
ƾһģһһĿڵǵã֮ǰ˵Ժסŵ˺ܹ졣ܶ˶Ļ꣬ȴһֱݶʧ٣԰ɣ
ϰ˵ͷû˵ɫЩ԰ףƾϷʵĿһۣ˾䣺ºܶ˼Ĺ꣬ҲܶĴ˵˭ûмʬ壬޷жϣ㣬ȴֻΪԼèԺӵΧǽܰ˹ŵĴƽ
䣬ϰɫ۱䣬ƾĿܸӣк£м̾
һƾ⻰ʱЩ𾪲ѣ
Ҫ֪ϰ˵ʱҲֳ˵ʱëû֣Ҳûʲôƾȴûеƣһ֮󣬲ϵϰ壡
ûƾſڣϰ̾һƺѾ۷ֻƵĵ˵ͷ˵ĺܺá
ƾġšһû˵ϰ˵ǰ
˵ȻҺôصȥԺӣͲǵСµˣҲһС¾ױŵˣԣôĹ촫˵ȴûһŵġ
뿴ǲˣұԩ
èԺӵΧǽҲǵһξͼè˺üΣż
ɾʱȴģŵֱӴΧǽˤ
ҪǰƬĺѽǰǸһƬڣ٣ϴŵ·Ǻɫģֻ۰ǰɫġ
һʼʱΪǸӰӣǸӰȴڼɲǣߵ£һ
ϰŵĵֱܻ˼ңɫɷף٣ĨӰʱҲԺл֮ȥ
ϰĻʱ˾ƾ⣬ԭεʱ򣬾Ѿݶεϰ壬ΪȷǵĲ²⣬Ϊ֪һЩεĶ
Ҳѹ־˵ϰû˵ѣֻû˵ȫϾǵģԲøԼأὫеһиǣὫл˵ԲŻ
һ뵽μ˾ȻʱŵĲᣬиɻΪʲôθңңΪʲôҾ
ѵ˵ƾԺ֮Ժܳʱ򣬾Ѿ˶ڰҺ;
ûڶ룬㿪ϰЩʲôʱ򣬹Ŷȴ˶ڽţƺҪ
ϰ忴Ǽۣƺ˵ЩʲôȴȵȣȥǲҪ뿪˷䡣
뿪ʱӵķŸ
һⶫ˳ǣЦƵĵ˾䣺ϰ廹Ǿ
ƾû˵ֻϰ֮߳վߵЩƷǰǽĻƷһĿ˿֮ƾĳ䣺˵ЩƷǲûҺã
üɵƵĿƾһۣЦȴĸƾġšһ
ɾʱߴĶˣҲ֪ʲôϰŶҾȻ˼顱̯Ķ
˵ϰûѻ˵ȫɻǸṩ˲ϢҲ߶ˣ۸˲ǣ
Ҷʱųȥƾ;ȴʱסңȵȡ
ҲĻͷһۣʵΪʲôʲôҳˣ
ȴĲУ뿴һۣû˵
ұ񿴵ЩˬԽ˸С죬۾˳ȥ
Ŷиӣպúϰⷿķγһֱߣ÷ܺܺõĿһһȻܿĶǺܶ࣬Ҳ㹻
ɾ۾ȥɲǣȴһ
ˣȻ˴廹йޣ
ÿμǵʱҪôһЩ߰˺ڵĹĹҪôҹڰˣЩ̫Ӧ
ѹ־ƾղŻҲҳȥѵ˵Ͳµˣ˻˴
ɵãС˾䣬ƾȴüëһǲǵã˵˴Ҿͻر
ҵͷ˵ǵãŻȻ򣬿ɾʱˣǹƵģ޿ϰ˵ûһŮ𣿡
һ⻰ʱЩţҲ֪Ǻϰǹǲ潻档
ϰ壬ҲͦģȻƾ;ųҧҡҡͷ˵Կ϶û
⻰Ÿ䣬վһһֱû˵ıɫæ˾죬ʮֳ֬ͬô࣬˵һŮ㶼ôӡûгֹ𣿡
ҪѰˣɫĻôһͱԱŵòᣬϰҲǼˣ⻰һ˵æ˸ЦС㣬ĵĻСȻܴܺãÿŵر࣬ҲǸ˰˵һŮҪǼˣȻĵġ
⻰˵꣬ϰҲ֪뵽ʲôǵĻ˾䣺ңҲûҪƭǲǣǰҵĶôˣЩɶʱµֵơ
ϰ˵⻰ʱڳһʮۣر𰮲Ƶģĵסһ䣺ÿƾһͶַŻǸڷرʵӰۡ
Ҳϰ⻰˵ЩɺɨɨԺתȥϰһתĶһ³һֱû˵˴ȴʱȻڣȵȡ
ϰһģʱ˲ͷϵĺ˴λĶ𣿵ĶҵĲˣҪǽ⡣
˴Ŀһϰ壬ǱϢʱţŵⷿڣԸܵĵ
Ҫ죬̫߸߹ңҹƶܱ˴ųı䶳ĹǺ
˴ȴʱȻڵ˾䣺˵֮ǰ͵͵ϹǸԺӵΧǽ
ϰһŵĿɿڴ˺þãŵ˾䣺ġеĻ˭˵ģ
ȻŵòᣬɻлǴżֹά˴ĿϰһۣƤЦⲻЦ˾䣺ûô˵ΪĻǣŵĴ˷䣿
ԶҶܿϰ屻˴仰ŵĻɪɪɻûظ˴ȴֵһ䣺ȥƷķ䣿


321 ˴ţ
һ˴⻰ʱųһ亹æͷһ۾ƾȴ˻еĲС
ɾתͷ˴ǱߵʱϰѾӲ˴ǣ˴һƲ˵ϡűɫ͹ޣֱӳǵķ
ŵ۾ȥˣ±Ƿ֣æһŷϡ
ƾ;ȴʱһ˴ߵӺ棬ֱұ˺档ŷ֣ԭϰķȻлأ
ֻһתŷһԵĻƿڴʯǽ͹ɲǣһѽҺƾǽ
ǽǽһ룬˴ǵĽŲѾ˷Ĵǰϰϴ⴫Ȼ˴ǵĴڡ˴뿪
ϰ˴Ƕ֪ǣʱǣѾĻ
ǽһͨҲ֪һŶϰԼｨܵЩֵĲС
Һ;룬ƾûгߣվǽߣȻ뿴˴ǽĶ
ܿǵĶһ΢ĽŲмСĽ̸
ǽڵĸЩã˵ֲվǽ߶̫Ǽ˵ֱá˴ŴĶŷһ䣺룬֪
һôԵ̽Һ;ȻɵĻ
뾹ʱǣдżϷʣƺѹû˴
ţ˴ֺ˺üûõӦŶϰ˳
ǰǺ˵ôûѽ˵һŮҲû
ϰĻ䣬ȴɫЦһ֮ȻĬ
ҪûȥΪ뿪䡣
һվ͵ǵһһȴʱҵ֣һѽҳקȥ
ôˣ
ҶʱЩ죬Сʵ
ɾ뻹ûشңƾȴȿ˿ڣ˵ٲߣ˴Ǿͽˡ
Ȼû˴ʱ˳˵ϰ壬˵Ŷеģǲǻڼﰵ֮ܵģ
䣬ϰƺʮֽţĵ˾䣺ġУ
˴ȴߵġǡһ£ѡ
µɲǣںڰߵľ룬ʱڱܡ
ܵٶЩ죬ҵĲûϣƾȴʱѧžҵһֻ֣һҳǰܡ
һƬھʲôҲ֪Ƕ೤ȴܸܳµĵǾĵģ˶ʯһשӿݵģ̫ߡ
˹һᣬԺȻһ󡰺¡¡ʯٴα˿ӣҲѹ־ƾ˴˵Ҫѻصʱܡ
ƾܷлأ˴ôֲܷˣ
ҵЩ֣ϰķʯǽûôľô
Ҳ֪˶ãǰȻһ˿˿ǴӶƵģޱȡ
Һ;ƾվ棬һ̧ͷͷϵ⣬ȴ͵ط֣ͷϳĵطôһȦԲԲģ񾮿һ
ɲǼ䣬Ҳɵõɴ˫ָۣͷϵľڣƾ;ȴҡꡱһ͵ؽ˰ʱҲŷ֣ԭⶴԱߵһʯϣһСأмʯܹˡ
ʯҵĺ棬ҵڡͨͨͣ·һᷢʲôƵģԼŵòᡭ
ʿˮҽĿתƾһۣƺ֤ԼеĲ룬æڣ˾䣺òסǼԺϽԵľڵ°ɣ
䣬ƾ˵ͷ˵Щʲôȴ͵ҵ죬Сġꡱһ
ִٵĽŲٴδҶ벻Ļ죡
ɴʱңȴףǰϰķǻаܶ㿪ڰﻹҵʯҲҪʯﻹ֣ǾҪ˴ӲӲһˡ
ʱҵһĶᵽɤŵĲС
ʱľƾҲǰŪ𣬻һЩ棬Щµı顣
صڵĻ
˴˵ĿǣǺ͹Ŷϰ彻̸
˴ңжɻĲУ
һеĹŶϰ壬µڷ˻ƷˣôڷһֱܵͨǰסǼԺӵˮ
ңܵʮֵ治һ˿ڵĳġ
ҡҲ֪ҷܵ
ϰ˳ȫȻûǰԲɪɪµĲУ
˴һû˵ҵĶȴˡ顱һʲôǽƵģϰһƺߡ
Ҫû´ĻӦŶϰ壬˴һֱǽɣ
֪ͬ𣿡˴żϷʺͳһŲߵϰǰͣ
ϰ度µĿв˵ţҡҲ֪Ҳ֪
Щ˴ĶУȴȼеļ˴һ䣺Ȼ㲻֪ͬ̧ͷ֪ڵĵط𣿡
˴Ļ䣬ΧȻ˼֣ɿϰȴʱ𣬴żֺ£ֻ̿֡
⡭ⶥôô񾮿ڣ
ѵ˵Ŷϰ˵֪ԼķܵͬסǼԺӣ
Ҫ㰡㷿ܵΪʲôͬһأ
˴Цţٴοʵ


322 ֮
һ˴ʵ⻰ϳ´ǽеκһ֡
ɹŶϰȴʱĬˣҿı飬Ҳ֪Ǳɵˣôġ˺þãſڣЩС˴⾮ģǲһĺԺ
䣬˴ꡱһЦĵ˾䣺ˡ
Ȼʱ˴һҧŶϰ֪еһУһֱװ⣬װһ޹
ҡ֪֪Ŷϰٴ𣬴ʱżĻţżֺ£Ҷһǲ˴˵ĸо
˴ȴֻġšһ󿪿˾䣺ڸңûһŮĵꣿ
ϰĻ֣ûС
˴Цšţһżѹȣϰæڵ˾䣺ûм
˴ȴʱҲ֪ϰʲôֻϰ屻ŵĲϴУ˴˺üȴûô
ǴˣǲԵ޹ʵ㣬˵䣬˵ʲôʹʲô˵㻹ȫʬ
һֱû˵Ĺޡȴʱ˾죬ܱżаĸоҺֻһǽľ룬Ķɵò
˼˵˵Ҳ𣿡
ǹ޵仰״ϰеĵߣϰС˾䣬Ѿκεԡ
Ȼ˶ģǰ˴ôвϰ壬Ĺá
ûõҺ;ǵϢȻҲϰȥǶ˶٣󲻽ĵ˾䣺ԡǲ𣿡
ϰӦһմ³ȴʱڣԣڰ֪һиǣ㻹һ·
ϰû̻Ӧǹ˼룬³һá֡
һҵĶߣҶʱĿһ۾룬ֿһƾСһ䣺ϰòİǸɣ
뻹ûشңƾȴƲƲ촽ҡҡͷСĵ˾䣺ᡣ
ֲ˾䣺ϰ岻ɵ֪أ˴һ˲Ҫİǹˣ˴ǲɱҲùġ
һʱЩ죬ɵһ䣺ϰ幩ҲҲ
룬ƾȴʱҡҡͷ˾䣺á
֮󣬱û˵Ǿ۾վʯźĶԻ
ѧƾģһעתƵߣû뵽ǣŶϰȻ˴ǰ¶˲ٹҺƾ飬һЩΪҪ飬û˵̫ϸǴԴ
һϰ˵жʱһϰĸоҲ˳˲١
ԼĪʮӣϰ彫е˴һ飬˴ŵġšһǰصشĶܺ˾䣺룬ҪǲĻֻܹټˡ
һŲǳȥ뿪
һǴ뿪뽫ʯŴ򿪣ȴסҵ֣ҡҡͷû˵۵׵˼ȴ൱ԡ
ڲǿŵʱ˭֪˴᲻̽Ե˶Ŀ
ֱվʯʮӣȷû˶ƾŽ˳ȥ
߳ȥɲǣҿ˿˵ľڣֿ˿֮ǰ߹С˾䣺⾮ҪסԺģôһڿݾ
꣬뵭һۣûлشƾȴǱӵĿһۣһ䣺㲻֪ˮо仰𣿡
⻰˵رһûЩʲôȴңĿһתƾ˵Ǵ뿪ǴӾڣ
ƾһ⻰ָָԴϵľڣû˵˼ȴ൱ԡ
ɾ룬ȴƾָ˾ڵɲǣƾҡҡͷ˾䣺߾ڣ̫á
󣬾뾹Ȼңƾǰȥ
һٶʱŵòᣬͬŵòĲңƾҲǣ
⣬㲻˴ô
еʱ򣬱̫ųơ
һ仰ʱƾǽƵЩͷ
ֱߵǰʯߣͣ˽Ų˿һƬܣСĶƾ˾䣺ȥ¿ŵĻء
ƾһæ˾䣺߰
ͷû˵ƾǵ̾һߵһԵǽܿҵ˿ŵĻء
ҵɲǣֻƾһŻԶˡ
ʯŴ򿪵ٶЩЩеʱ䣬ǹʮƵģʮ
һ΢⣬˽ʱʯѾƾ˿ֵǣ˵û˴
ɵãüС˾䣺˴ѵȥסԺ
󣬵ġšһû˵
߳ûͣ٣ǴҡڵҺƾŶֱ뿪ȫص˾Ƶꡭ
һ·ϣҶĵĲУ±˴ˣɾ죬ȴһʲôΣյĵطȫĵط
˾Ƶ֮һʾƾô죬ȴȻң˴һ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵룬ȴһ룬͵صɴ˫ۣʾ룺룿
û˵ǹ˼ŷңøղھ׵ʱϰʱ˴Ѿµˣù޺ͱɫҵǾףҲ֪ˣȴֻϰǵ飬ûѲ飿


323 
첻ѣ˳žĻֱȥΪʲô
Цſһۣشȴƾ˻ѽھ³֮⣬е˰ۡĻ˴ôܻô׵ľͳȥ
һ۵׵ɻһ㣬֮ǰ£Ժйһ飬Ҳ֪ôġȻһ䣺òǡǾ£˴ûû뿪˾£ȥסԺ϶ǰɣ
ƾġš˦ҸĿ⣬֮û˵
ɵʱǾ˵һطǺڵĲУټһڲ˲˹ķֵǵ°
һǺܺ棬Ĵ˵Ǽ٣Ϊʲôһͼһֱյƣʲô
˴ӣӦò͹ǰڱǵӡ
˴ǵˣֲߵˣǻıߵˣǰҵļͼĹѨΪʲôͼ˵ϣ
ھƵϣƾŶǴȥԺһ̽ȴǼҹŶſͣ
ֻŶĴѾҲ֪ϰ度鷳Ǳ˴ˡ
ŶſڽŲŸվȡƾȴȻڡʾ룺ãϰ廹ڵ𣿡
˭ϣȴЦŵ˾䣺ôܲڣ
˵գ㽫һƾҹŶһԵΧǽϣһԾֱӷԺӣƾԭء
ƾˣֺԼ̫ݾߣӲ˵Ļ˻ȥݺһҧǽһҲ˹
֪ΪʲôԴϴƾ֮ƲٿԼϢҲȻ˲١
վԺôһұܸܵһŨŨ
˵ŶĹŶ붼洫ĹѨģأЩȴǴӹŶϴǴ˴а죡
볯ǰߣȴ̤ǰһɲǣջ˽ż⣬תͷ˾һ⣺˵ŶϰĪͨǰסԺӰɣ
뵭šͷҼ״æ˾䣺Ŷϰʲôϵ
뻹û˵ƾȴӵĿһۣҵԴ˵˾䣺һ֪ˣԺСĵ㡣֮󣬱ҵֳϰȥ
־ڣվϰķſڣƾûȥ˼ǹſڣǰʹϵֵͲ򿪣ȹޱȵķ˽ȥ
ǸС˾䣬ɾȴûشңһᣬⷿȴ֨ѽһ˴֮ͼ
ϰ᲻ԼĶ뿪ǳȥܱܷͷֺԼĶ͵ߣֻܶڷﱧֵǮĶҳ
֮ûκһƣǽŶӪһûڼգȴκβסֵͲȥĵơ
ƾһ뾯Ŷϰ壬ˣҲ֪ѡ񣬵Լǽȥ㣬ֽ֡
һ棬Ϊ
ȥҡ
㡭ǣϰһţվſڣԾĲУ
ôǺ⣿ƾЦŵ٩һ䣬۵ȴû񣬿ϰ˵Ǻ˴飬˵飬ǰķǱƾ
ƾ̫ƣϰЩ£һֽ߱ķţ·ֻҪһʲôͻϷţȥ
һģɵ̾һĿתƾ˾䣺˼ˣ˼ҽôæ˼˼ң
䣬ƾ˲佫ϵĵ٩һޱȵı飬ǰһϰļϣŷȥһߣһ߶С˵лл
ϰһƾ˵ллȻЩԾͺ£ƾȴʱɿ֣ܵһԽĵƻ򿪣֮˴ţһУ˷ķϣһ˫۽ϰ۾û˵
ƾû˵ȻҲû˵ҲûȤȿڣ󣬱ϰԾĿˣϵſˮҪ˵ȴֺµĲУһֱڡ
󣬻ƾżƦȿڣ˾ϰ壺֮ǰŮһ㣬ΪʲôҪǣ
䣬ϰϴżЦСĵ˾䣺ﲻ𣿡
ƾͷ˵У֪ôġ
֪ΪʲôƾӴԽãԽƾҪڹŴ㲻ΪҲһس
ƾӣʵ۲̫ʺϣʺϵӣҪƾ˳ӣͷϵշֱ췴
Ҫ˳ӣͷϵܹշһһͳܺͷϵĻʵһͳǧˡ
뵽⣬һصƾ;һۣһ䣺ϧ
ҪǰƾڳĸҲûʵܳΪµұۡ
˵ϰһƾĻƾĿЦ֮⣬صӭ˼ֺ֮⣬˾䣺滰Ǽٻ
ƾЦüëûشϰ״ʿˮ˵˾䣺֮ǰҵˣһǲ֮ǽȻǣҪǰǣǲɱңҲ֡
ϰĻ˲뵽ھʯƾ˵Ļһޣ
ƾ꣬ġšһȴûֱ⣬ϰһ䣺йţ趼
ϰһƾ⻰ŵæӵܵһԽ߶˹ֱһյݺãֱС豭ǰƾ豭˵⣺뿪Ժ֮ǻûΪ㣬ʲô
ϰһҡҡͷ˵ûУƾŽһ䣺֮ǼԺʲô취ȥģ
ƾ⻰ʵ˵ϣϰ꣬ɫЩѿĵ˾䣺Ӳ
ۡһһڸպȽˮ˲˳ҪԺرҶֱӹЦ
꣬ȴЩɻ˴Ϊ֪ھ¶ûˣΪʲôԺӣӲȥ
˾ƾĿ⣬ҷ֣֮⣬Ҳ벻ס
Ͼ˾ƾ˲ϲ֮⣬˴Ҳ
ƾŵλǡҵĶ棬ҿеĲһֱһαǡɷǡǷ˲ˡ
ҿҲûסٴЦ˳
ɱˮƾȴЦЦһԭأǴҪΪֱɱˡ
һϲŭ¶ϵľ룬϶¶Ц⡭
󣬻ǵЦˣһ˼Ĵӿڴֽƾ˲ָ֮󣬺ݺݵһٽĿתŶϰʱѾָԭ
ɾתͷɲǣݺݵһۣ˼ԡ
շǧҪŻᣬҡŪ
ұŵģɵô˸æ˸ЦȴӸס
ƾ⣬ֱ֮ϡ
ʹϰǰѾ׼ƾܵ飬ƾһǽŲѡ
Źţƾκһ⣬ϰ嶼һ֪ԼŰסϤþƵġ
һ˵Ϲӣʱĵ׷˸ۣô˭أ
ƾʲôⶼ֪ˣϰ壺뿪֮ǰûкһʹ飿
ϰȻû뵽ƾʵ⣬ϺȻ˷ȴҲ׽š


324 ͵ĵ
ϰҲɵǰװһԼʲô֪ӣ֪⣬ȴҲû취ִ
Ҫһ֪һõĶˣ
ϰڳװɵ֮⣬ѡֻ۵׵ջغæƾҡҡͷ˼ԣʲô֪
ƾ״ĿһۣǣǿĹ𼸷Ц⡣ȴû˵
ȻãƾŴλߵ˴ʯŵĻرϵ˾䣺ϰ壬˵ôô֣һ㷿ͷ㷿лأס˴뱲ӣֻҪˡȴʲô֪
䣬ϰɫһȻǱƾҪ죬ƺʲô飬޴ӱ⡣
ƾƿȴû򿪻أһߵţһ߳ķ˻ٴϰļϣϰŵĻֹס˸¡
ǵ˵ƾϰĻ˾䣺˵˵ʲô
䣬ƾѾϰӵקߵһ䡣ǰصظ˦˸ޱȵɫҿֱ֮Ӷ˸ۡ
ڽ˵˺þãҲ֪ƾϰ˵Щʲôϰɫһʼĺ£֣̿ٵĵɴ˫ۻþòҿ˵
˵ҪۻУƾҳƵڶû˸ҳƵһ
Ŷȣķǰ˺üյ裬˵˻ķ˻
߻ʱϰɫԻָҪ亹ΪżǺµϰҿء
ջ£ϰֱӽĿת˾룬һ䣺˾
ϰ⻰Ÿ䣬ƾֱӡޡһϰĻʲô˵ô£˼ҿǴʮ־
Ҳ֪ƾǺϰ˵Щʲôϰ岻ĵһ仰ʵľž񶼴ż־£ͳݡ
벢ûҲûкϵĲˮһ˫һֱעϰ壬ϰ岻;Ӳ㱻ŵæۡ
󣬲ϵſˮƺ˵ֻȱ˼
ƾʱüëʹ˸ɫ˼൱ԣ
ң˵仰̼Ŷϰأ
һһüᣬϰ˾䣺˵ʲô˵ǰģ˾ʮ־Ҫǲţٻ㿴
˵⻰ЩӣϾƾþٻ붼ûֱӿ˵þٻҲǲҵġ
Ͼô˵˾ҲǸٶ˼ٻûһ£ܹǲ̫á
û뵽ôһӵĻϰ岻ˣվ﷭䵹ķһӵ£óһյơ
˵ҰޱȣɹȴӵĲУ·ҪûĻӦ֮ǰеˡ
ϰҪ˾ͼʲôģһܱŵһյƳһЩûɵýĿתƾȴƾû˵һЦſϰ塣
ϰ彫õǰɲǣ̾һǣǻǲǵãоһյƣ
ҵͷ˵˾ǵãϰ忴һֿۣƾ;һۣǽ˳֪Ļȴǳٳ˵ڣ˵һ£ҪƵġ
죬ôʵҵǶԽ飬ԽԽȤˡ
Խ˵ڣԽݵĶһԽʣɵãҽһϰ壺ƣòյɣ
ϰͷû˵ֽ˾䣺յƺ㷿йϵ
ϰ廹Ǻ֮ǰһ˵ͷû˵
ҼǵãĻʧ֮յһֱԺΪһƲʧѽ
Ľǣϣ˵ʮɣϰҲǱҴ˽ȥ֮ҵ˵ͷ˵˾䣺ơʵҸ״͵ġ
۵ײɵ¶˼𾪣һʿˮϰ壺ص
䣬ϰȴ̾һ˵صĲ֪𣿡
ϰó֮ǰ˵⻰ŵģĪģȴ⻰
Ҫû´ĻĺԺŶϰ洫ĶȻ洫ĶôܻȻֵ֪
Ǽҵдżɻϰ飬ǳȥ
һ⻰æһ˳ȥ
ϰԺ˵Ҳ˺üΣȴûӺ泤ʲôһֱΪǽʲôŪĻء
ɾҿǽʲôûеɲǣʱ𾪵ĲУ
Ҫ֪ĲУôܻۼûУ
ǿɣĲ֪ǷҷʱҲ𾪵ˡ
ϰ˵⻰ʱдżζˣȴûһ˻ش⻰
ֱصϰƷķϰ½˳
ֻٴһĵյƵĹ¡
ԭϰĸǸգӵһۼеյƣϲĲУɴеյƣǳ֮⣬ûκһģΪյ˲أ
ԽԽյƹĴ˵Ҳ֮Ŷ¥ĵַ൱Ľϰĸ׼ÿ춼ܼյǰ
ʱˣԼĶ˴ϴ£ȻĲУͿʼıȥ͵յƣ뽫ⶫռΪС
ɾϰĸײȵ˺ü֮벻ȴˣ
Ȼĸףǲϲյƣ


325 ʦ̣
ϰĻЩɻ󣬲ɵò죬ϰһ䣺ȻĸףǲϲƣΪʲô㻹˵㸸͵ģ
˭ϡϰ徹Ȼһ䣬˵ʲôƣȥ͵ģ
飬ϰ˵Ҳ̫ϾʧǰҲǺܴ󡣵׵Ŀе֪ʱѾڲ߻Ҫ뿪ǣ뿪֬ͬˡ
Ȼʱʱ̴̿յƣȥĶЯȴرյƣϰĸףԼʧٺƴ͵
˵ǡ͵ȴ˵ͬ⣬Ŷϰĸô᲻⣿û˽ҴҴӦ
⣬㿪ѯʣƾĶȴ죬һûü֮ǰѾϰһ䣺ԣ˼ǣʧٺԺǳ㸸׷ŵģ
ϰҡҡͷ˵ǣЩΪ飬ƺǲ̫˵飬ȴͲסƾգ˵ˡ
ϰ˵Ļȴ𾪵ĲС
ϰ˵͵յ˾Ѿܻ˼ɲܻؼûáԺӾȻȼ˴ѸСһС֤ݣ
ҪΪǸŮӣûɵϣΪڰ͵յ֮Ϊأ
⻰һ˵꣬ϰ廹̾һ˵Ҹرϲ棬ƴ뱲ӣǰյƣȴЩźŪΪʲôԼϵʱҪӣΪʲôӻҪյƣǳ𣬾˭ŵġ
ϰ常еɻҲеɻһģһɵã뽫Ŀתƾȴû̫ϣϾ飬ġ
ƾȴʱȻ˾䣺㸸׻к˵ʲô𣿡
ϰҡͷȴڶɲǣʿˮԱ˱ۣС˾䣺Ҫ˵֮ǰƭǣǻ᲻ᡭ
ᣡϰĻû˵꣬ȴȻڣ䣬ϰüë˵
ϰһȻشɵһϲĵ˾䣺ʵЩΪèԺӵΧǽµģҸǰġ
˶٣ϰҧ˵Ҹױо˴뱲ӣȴһֱûоһȻǰһϣεһλߣλƻҪϻƼҸܺ£ʱѾָ֪䣬ŷԸң֮ȥһЩõ֮µķƽ
һˣرǽӴŶеˣرŹ񣬶ңйص鱾ôаε˹ξȻӣҵ⡣
ôͻȻðһλ߳Һƣλ͹ͨȫֻ֣һֱɽ¶ˮڱٿţ
뵽⣬Ҳɵÿϰ壺֪еŮģʲô㸸м𣿡
ϰҡҡͷ˵ûλŮģʲôҲû˵̫ס
һλߣŮģһ벻˭ˡ
ڤڤУȴоյĵƣͼǴλߵеõпǺλʲôԼŵõĵƻͼ
ʱһãһǷԼʲô֮ˣˣֺƻԼԲ֮ǰ˸ˣҲϰĸףæյĵơ
֮ûͼˣԼϣпܷͼĲԲһֱЯϡ
ϰĻ˼Ҳ˲٣˼·ȥܺ˸š
ҺƾŶϰ庮˼䣬صص˸лȰϰ뿪֬ͬһʱ䣬鴦ڻϰȴܾˡ
ϰ˵μλ˵ĻѾˣϻƼҵǡˣȢӲŮӣܱҲˣȻ̰Ҳ̫뿪ĵط
ҿϰһįвɵȼ𼸷˵ʲôʱȴƾһ˳ȥȥǰƾر׵ĺϰ˸ֱ˾Ƶ֮ƾΪʲôôߣ
ȴһ䣺ʵĸ˵Ķ˵ˣ㻹أ
Ҷʱ仰˻ȥһû˵Ǿƾһ仰ƾʵľ룺˵ͷ˵Ķʵ𣿡
û뵽뾹Ȼ˵ͷ˾䣺Ӧò١
ɡƾ˵ЩʲôǲµƵģһ䣺ǰôܻ᲻֪ϰ常μߣΪʲô֮ûڳֹ
ԶԶԣҾƾһµ룬æͣüë˵˾䣺ӦģûҲ֣ϾǿʯŵĻƿۣ̫˶ĿˡΪʲôû֣ȴоΪǶʱǡóˡ
һ⻰ʱһ㶣˾䣺ôˣ
ɾȴң㲻ã󷨾ɵĺͻĹǳ𣿡
һʣҵӾһƹƵģɵõɴ˫ۣʿˮôо
˵ĺô£
ԣλ˭һû̫ʾ룬ȴЦŻһ䣬ʶģߵģҺܵˡ
ܵˣһţǲ̣ʦ
Ѿȥˣʦֲ֪Ϊα˴֣ôܻ֮һһλأ
ɻɲǣƾȻ˾䣺Ҫû´ĻǸӦԼģ֮Խ˹ŶϰңΪ֪յҪʲôĻԷȥõơ


326 Ӧ
ֻһ˵ƺͼϷӣô󷨣һģüͷƾƾȴһۣңλص߶ܰͼôͲܸ󷨵Ķ
һõҲôһ£ĻһŶ⿪ˡ
һλߣΪ֪ԵɣյĵƣͼԼΥԼˣֺ±߷֣ڱ
Ѿ߷֣Ժ԰ԽһΪԼҪǱ֮󣬻ܹܡ
ڵĵ֮ǣҪ˴֮ǰҵλصߡһףͼ
Ȳ˵ǲ֪λ߾˭˵ɣҪǣôҵ̸ף
ɵãҿ˿룬ֿ˿ƾȴ˶ûʲô̫Ӧֻ̾һһû˵
˿ʱ䡣Ѿ賿ӽһˣ뾹Ȼʱתͷң벻Ժӣ
Ҷʱһ㶡ʾ룺ȥ𣿡
ȴûشҡ˵˾䣺ĵôȴһֱĵ㣬ͦܵġ
仰˼ԣԽԺӿˣ
ʱǹԺֱҵԺи˳ɾȴѾһҳȥƾƨƨߵĸЦĸ仨Ƶģ٩䣺۸Ҳ㹷ġ
⻰䣬ҲЦ˳ͷüë´ƾһ飺㣿
ƾеġšָһ˵ڣĻû˵ֱ꣬ˮȻ㶼˵ԼǹˣĶĶȥɣ
⻰һ˵꣬ƾˣС˾䣺֮ǰҿɼأ
һôԹʱЩ죬ʲô˰
˵⻰ʱЩ飬ϾԼļԿûôãûǵԼĵƾˣֺԼĶƾǺ޵
˵أƾæǺһ䣬ɫ࣬ȻǱģɾȴʱüëƾһۣƾŵæ죬ʮֺõĿһ۾롣
Ҽһȶɵ̾һһ䣺Ȼһһ˶пǵİ
ƾôһ죬ۿѾߵ֬ͬƵ£ǰڶһ˵ĽֵĪģоԼЩ䣬Ҳ֪ǱģǱģܸо͸¶żа
·˹ŶϰĵſڣѾĴţ̾˿ž뻹ƾǼԺȥ
·ϣҲɵСĵ˾䣺˵˴ʱ򣬻Ժ𣿡
˭ϣȴҡҡͷ˵֪
һ䲻֪ʱһĶɺܿ죬ַ˻ȥ
ҶԾ˽⣬Ӧǲûյ顭
Ҫ˴Ժֻ˵ǡ̫á
ۿѾҪߵסԺſڣǹֺʵĴţǰȥãȴֱסҡ
һ룬ĿƲƲƾ˼ԣҪã
ƾͲȥţһɣȻǲˬֲ;ӲӲֻðԺݺҧÿǰĴš
Ҳ֪ΪҹˣԺ˶˯˻ôģ˺þãûߵķ磬ԽԽ󣬴ĴǰҵյڷҡҷվԶ˿˺ɫֽƵġ
ݵĹŽ֣˲ٹϢҪҹ߹ƶܱŵĲᡣ
ƾ˺þãȴûÿͬģСĽ̸֮⣬ޱҶЩëȻ
ɾ˴ת뿪ɲǣԺȻ֨ѽһ˽ţˡ
˳ͷȴһŲ԰гƵ˳ҿɰ㲻İɲӴƾȥ˼
㣿ű򿪵ɲǣλŴһۣսĿͣƾϣ൱Ĳ죬·û뵽ƾ
Ȼƾ֮ǰȥʱװôƣû˷ֶߡ
ţܽȥ˵𣿡ֻ˲䣬ƾϻǸЩģ
ģҪ͹Գƶ粻˼ƣϾ˵ݼƾһȣʦѧ
ʱôôһӣһ̫ϤӣһһŮҼţ˭÷ǳ֣οǽ䱸رǿˣ
ֻλ¶ɫȴû˵ϸϸ˿һۣǣʲô𣿡
ƾϹıȴһͳͳϹţǵϴҺһɢˣҵ绰𣿡
Ҳ֪ǲ׽ãŵɫȻƽ˲٣˵˾䣺ǵá
ƾ˵Ȼҽ绰ûϵѣһҵǡҵ֮һֱлȴһֱû֬ͬι
ƾ׵Ļû˵꣬Ŷʱ죬ƾл𣿵лͲˡ
ǰλŵĻ˵൱ӲȻǲ̫ӴҪǳòƶֱӸˡ
ƾô״򷢵ǰŲû޳Ứ˾䣺ţ˵лģǵǮȴ͵ˣ޹ʣֻ뵽㡭
ƾ⸡ݼң붼¶Ҫǰ𽱱һƾ䷢һӰ۽
ӦҾ죬ûð
ȻλŰ㲻ƾףֱӿھܾǣϵգҲʱ˲٣ҪƾֱܱӴˡ
ƾһ⻰ȻҲεĲУ¶β˵ϵί˼֡
飬ֻǶݵļ룬Ҳ֪뵽ʲôɫ͵һתΪ˼ֺ£ĸŵĶߣ֪Ĺ°ɣ
˵⻰ʱƾ˼ֲӪգŸ䣬ŵɫ͵ؾһ۱䣬ȻҲرɻ
ȴΪƾ˵֣ûڸߣȽȥ˵
ȥɲǣƾҪĻͷҺ;˦˸ޱȵ

ȴ˸ס
߽Ժӣƾ˵صĲУﻹѪȵζԺģеΪˣ̫Ը⿿
֮ǰͬǣԺ˼ûסķ֮⣬з䶼ƻͨס˸Ҫ˯ƵģӰŴ֡
һţҾͽĿ˾ںéλ֮ϣֱҶҪλˣȴûϿʲôĶ
Žӣұŵһ֬ζζŨĲûҸǺ
֬ζ뵽Сʱ̺˵ĹʬĹ¡
˵ڹŴһλǮ˼ҵС˾֢ȴéɽʿɲ԰Լɻʬȥ
λʿǲ̫Ըģо仰˵ĲǺǮʹĥǮéɽʿҲסջ󣬱㽫λС˻ʬȴλС㣬ʬ֮Ȼ֮⣬Ķһ
ʬܹʬ壬еʬʬǻеġ
ȵλС֮ı˻ʬԼϾȻʬߣѣֱ˽éɽʿɱˡ
ɱʿҲ޼£޷ϵʬߣλС˸ע⣬ǾԼ֬ˮۣϳʬߣܿ֬ˮ۵ζڸǹŨŨʬζһã
֮飬û˵̫λСĽҲѲ³Ͼ½͸λéɽʿΪǮΥ֮˻ʬʬҲǻ˹
Һ;룬ƾˣŵķ£㿪ǣô֪


327 ¶
żֲĲҲ֪Ǻôģڻܼǵ˵ģѾ֮ˡ
ҲɵΪλŵľٶΪ
Һ;û˵ƾֱЦӭϣϤ˵˵һ֮رǵλУүүʲôʱƾĲ˵֡״ŵĲɡ
ƾαҲαģб
֮ƾܶ⣬Ȼر飬ֶֺֻСĵʡ
Һ;Աߣ⸱ģ۵׵ɫвͬرǾ룬ʹ˸
һû񵽵ʲô˼㶣ɾ۽ȴʱһ˼ԣҿ⣬˳˼ԽԼĿ⿴˹ȥȴ־ȻиɫӰӴӴ⵹ӡ˽
תͷɲǣλҲǷʲôƵģĿҲת˹ȥɾתͷɲǣĨӰȴ͵ʧˡҪǰˣΪԼĴ
ӺλŵĶԻǵ֪λȻЩϣȴʮ꣬աƾš
Ժﻹסڹ¥﹤ķ糾Ůӣ֮ǰλ¶ģŴɫۿ浽ȣΪ޵ȴԺ곤һλѾʮˡ
û֪ʲôֻ֪ڹ¥ͩģҲλסԺصһλ
λźܱءҲǸˣǴԺ֮󣬱һֱȰ˵뿪Ժ飬˵˵ţ̾˿
ƾһ̾ʱüëֻҪ̾˵Ϸ
ֻƾʮֹȵӭȥЦЦΪʲô飬ȴƾһ䣺үү˵ô飬ôģôͲأ
˵⻰ʱ⽫ԼѹͣҲ֪ΪǰһĨӰôġ
ƾȴʱһ䣺ţòãΪʲôҪסԺҾ͸㣬Ϊʲô֪ôˣ顣
ǸΪƵˣҲ˵ǽţŵ˶һƾ˵㿪ڣȴֹ̾˿Ҳ˵ǲ˵
ƾһæü⳯һԺĿ𣿺λദĺ
ȴʱҡҡͷֵ˵ͷ˵ģҲ㲻ģϾԼǸ糾ŮӣϴˣҪôףֻҪܻţĿģȴûлشλŮദ
ҿǰλɣˣĵһᣬ۵͵ȦһỨȴһ룬˽ԭء
ǹŨĲŨ֬ζִҵıǼ⣬ģʬѪȵζ
һʼΪǴǰϴģţȴܸоôЩ̫ԾζǴԺﴫģŷ磬Ʈŷģ
ü˲䣬ƾ;Ҳŵɹζ۵׶⣬˫˫һۣ˼ԣҿȥʣϾŮˣ֬ˮ۵ζ˵ȽС
ɵãһС˾䣺ţ֬𣿡
˭ϣҵĻŸ䣬ŵɫ͵һ۱䣬شңȴʱٴοڣô㷿ŵʱ֬ζϸһţܺŰ
Ҳ֪ǲҵܺţǣһҵ˵ͷ˵кǰ֬
˵⻰ʱĸоǼŵΡ
Ҫû´Ļ֬ζǴԺéﴫİɣ
ΪѪζʬζ֬ζﻹһʺζ
Ļ䣬û룬㼫һתٴתǱȥ̽飬˵˾䣺ǺĺأһʲôǣȰöˣЩܳ鳾ʧõġ
⻰ĵװ̾˾䣺Ҫͼûϵǻ治ȥ飬ͼйϵȴǲ鲻У
ʲʲôһʱ˵仰ʱ䣬ȴ죬һͿ͵ļơ
ɾʱȻžž뽫Ŀת˹ȥȴӡһӰװеһߡ
˭ſʵһϵʱ𣺡ҡ
ûſ벻˽ǵˣȴʱ˿˽
һƼɷޱȵӳĵ˫һ͹¡ۣɲǰЩӣҺ;ŵһλסԺġ糾ŮӡſнΪأΪͩĵŮ
һλʮ꣬Ůͩģһеĳڣôһλʮߣû취ϵһȥ
˭ͩһЩǲ̫ƣԼˣֱӰ˰ѵӣŵԣ˫΢΢𣬲̫ơ
ʵŲ˵ҲǰλţסԺΪصһλΪģΪϣŵ˵֪ܵԺϵõһλˡ
ŵķ˽Ժ°˳֪ˣҸղŸڴĨӰпܾ
ղ֬ζпһ̽
ǽУҵĵĪЩ֪ΪôڼôģǰλͩĶʮֲƣҿĿ⻹ǴЦ⣬ֻûɵȥˡ
ǾĿ⿴Щֻ֣üͷһۡ
ȴüͷҵɲǣæڴԭ˵֬ͬεοͣǮġ
˵ָָƾ˵֮ǰԺӴ绰ǸСӡ
˵˵⻰ʱٺܿ죬ȴиһ¡
ڽţ
пܣܺǰλź۵̫ţ
һٶæž뻹ƾüëܿһǽܵѶϢƵġ
ͩһŵĽܣŰɵĿһۣʮֲƵ˵˾䣺Ҫ绰绰ǮˣѲɻ⣿
ͩ˵һ¡
Ǻ˱仵ˣǻ˱ˣ
ȻҲЩų⣬ɶûõĻӰ쵽ǸˣһֱȰ˵ǡ
һ˵ģ
ȻƾҲ뵽ͩĻǲȴû뵽ôɫʱһ䣬Ǵż΢ŭȴûзǴżֲ˼Ķͩ˵˾䣺ţԲ𡭡ڱҲ޿ģҡ
ƾڳһֹģû˵ȥ
Ҷƾ˽˵ƾͩŵʱĵ׹̫ţ
ͩһƾ˵ûӦְֱѹˣǲֲСƵģôͷ˽ˣ
ò˵仰ʵĻǺݣϾŵľǾԲ˽ģҪûһ׼ȷĴ𰸣Ժӻ᲻̫ù
ŵЩΣæƾʹ˸ɫƾһ˸ı飬ȴûж㿪˵ɲǣֱ˻ţ֪¥
ƾµɲǣŵ˫͵һƺû뵽ƾȻʱ¥Ҹɰڸǹȥġ
ƾȴֱӺŵı飬ûƵģĿתͩġ
ͩȻҲһ㶣֪û뵽ǻֱӿôģ˰̣ڵʹ¥ʲô𣿡
УȻаƾæ죬ͩȴʱ˾䣺Ǹò⼸죬ӲԺӵйϵɣ


328 
ͩ⻰ĻŸ䣬Һ;ƾɫýָͷ붼ܲµͩʵ⣬ǲǺ˴йϵ
ҿеġûСֲѿڶˣƾȴҲѳǰһ롣װɵƵģ˾䣺ǰ쾹Ȼ˴Ժӣ˭
ƾĻ䣬ͩۿƾһۣƺƾŽ覵ϲ鿴⻰Ĳ֪ǼٵĲ֪
ƾȴʧˡƾϳ˼¶֪֮⣬ɶûУҪ֪ƾУҲᱻƾֱƭȥ
ʶͺáͩĵƽеĳȥƾʹ¥Ȼ£֮ǰͲԺӵĵϸҲΪ˴绰Ǯ˲Žİɣ
⻰ʵ൱ɡһ̽˼ûУƾȴףüͷһĿ˿ţֿ˿ͩģ˵˾䣺֮ǰź˵ԺסŵǶǰڹ¥ľɫŮһ̫ţѵѽ
ûвԺӣͩȻûô׾ͱƾ⻰ƭ˹ȥʱ̧˼ǻʵ
ƾȴһһͷˮı飬ԭأͩġҺ;붼ЩװɵӰ죬װǽһ޷졣
ͩļ״̾һ˾䣺ȻײĽԺӡ˵ɣʹ¥飬
ҿƾЩΨΨŵŵı飬ĵ׶ʱЩӣΨΨŵŵĵ׹ŵĲаɣ
ֻƾͩģԼƭ˹Ŷϰ塣ƭŵǸݣһΣǣүүǸУСʱ˵ö¥飬ر棬Դ֬ͬҪһ̽
ƾ䣬ͩɺĿһƾȻƾ˵ô࣬ûĵǲεľ衣
ͩʵȻأ
ȻûˡƾûôɵûԷϸ֮ǰͽԼġѶϢ˵ס
үүô˵Ĺ¥ģͩʵһĪЩ죬ǰʱ˭ŸոʹƵġ
ƾһͩʵæǰĻֳһ飬ֱĳȥˣŽְ
û뵽ǣͩĵķӦɱŻλŶϰƽĲֹһΣ֣һͨ˵Ƶģ۵װ㲨û𣬶ƽĶƾ˾䣺ôˣ
Ҽƣɵø̾һ䣬ѹǰ˵ͩԺΪصһˡ
£ԺͰصӴˣ˰ɣ
Ǹ˲˹ģôܻ˲ģ
㲻𣿡ȻƾҲһҧĲУüͷæڵ˾䡣
ͩȴЦˣƾһ䣺°ʲôµģ֮ǰǹ¥СãҲǹ¥һԱ
ͩЩЩ˵ǻЩ̫һλʮŴۿ浽ã»͸¶ŷ糾Ϣ̫ţôôãȥϧˣ
Ǽƾû˵ͩٴοڣ˵˵顣
˵⻰ʱͩϻһЩǿȣѹȵϢҲѹ˴͹ޣɫǿԺ£ܱƵ˵
Ůˣ򵥣
ƾѹû뵽ôӲ˶֮ƫƫǹײʱҲһ㶡
ƾǺͿ˿ûƨƨߵľͳһѣ֮󣬻ͩģԺӣòǴ˵еǸ󣬹¥һЩŮסԺӰɣ
ͩĺЦĵ˵ͷϬޱȵƾ
ǡ֮ǰסԺļƾֱӺϵЦͱ飬ʵ
ǰ䡣û뵽ǣͩľȻһ
µɲǣҲ֪ǲãҾȻоһ磬ֱӭŵĻ˸£ֻûֱǰȥžˣ
ƾҲһ̫ÿӣʿˮͩģļٵģ
ٵġͩĵڣǲϵǣĿת˻ûϵķţ˫Ƶָָ֣ǰһ᷿˾䣺Ǽǡ
⻰һ˵꣬Һƾһûͩ
ͩȴû¶Ƶģ˵˺ööĻ˿ûΪסԺӶɻ䣬ԺƵģ˵ĻرĴ
˶˿ȤǸȤģյڹŶϰеĹֵƣϵܣͼ
Ҳ֪ǲΪĵͩ˵˸ˬǵĿ˳˲٣Сһ䣺мǸ򿪹𣿡
˭ϣҵĻ䣬ͩЦңҪĻ𣿡
֪ΪʲôҸо̬ͩЩƣ֮ǰ˵ĻԷſ̬ȣǸڳĿӡ
ֹУһ֮䣬Ȼɵֱӳϣ㶣ѧƾװɵӻ˾䣺ûѽĻĸҪֻǺöഫԶǹյƵģ⻭ȴûġ
⻰һ˵꣬ͩĵšһ˵ʵϣĻô֮
ôˣѵæ죬ʵĵȴЩ̫ţϾУĻյƲ׵˶
ͩȴЦŻһ䣺ѽôܻûء
ЩڿЦȴ֪
ڿЦڳʵ
ȻһͩľͶҿڵ˾䣺ǸѽĻ൱ϣѰ˿ˣø̾һȴһв㣬Ǿǻû١


329 һ
һ⻰ʱһ
ͼĻ֮ǰûԣǾͼ
뵽⣬Ĳɵһϲȴܿ˻ȥЦſһͩʵ֪⻰𣿡
ͩҡҡͷû˵ȴڷЦȻǸû˵ķ
Ҽ״Ҳû˵ֻǵͷһƾȴƾҲڿңһۣſͩģͩţ֪Щ𣿡
ƾ⻰ʵĹݣ˼Ѿڻˣȴһֱǹײװɵ㶵ļơ
Ȼƾ⻰һ˵ڣͩĵɫͺȻ˱仯Ŀһƾôô֪飿
ƾ㿪˵͵عһ磬˵Ŀʱȫת⣬ɾڴĿתɲǣȫԭء
һɫȻվԺֱǣɫϣΪֳһĹâԶء
ŵɫʱɷײѣͩĵǽΪƽЦЦЦչ˲䡣Ŀתˡ
˱ͲԩҲûȻ֣Ȼû׼һȻģͩĿȥ۵׵ķˡ
αװʱˡҲǻ۵ģƾ;˵ģǲװȥһȻϢ˲չ˿
ƾһɵģҲȡ֮ǰΨΨŵŵ
ҵǻ֮ǰһûʲô仯ϢתɲǡͩѾվ˼λϵš
űʱĿ⣬Ҳɣȴûֱ˺ǾĿˡ
棬Ȼ
վԭǣ΢΢һĨЦЦЦݣҹ֣ĳģҿĲ̫壬Ҳۣȴʱһĳ˹
²ŵһ˫ɫ߸ЬϴһۣЩȴûֱͩӿ浽ȣϥǵλþէȻֹˡ
ͷܳСȵλãû𣬶ɢŷɶڿз
ߵԽݺԽԽμһģһȴʹекܴı仯
еƽӹףʮ־Ҳ͹£´һ޷ʡ
ϵ㡣
û߽ƮʱҶ𣬻ҲǶ˵ġ
û˵ֱվԭأͩȴ͵ߵ󣬿ԿŶǺܺ£ųģͩĺĹϵӦ毺ãرġ
ʱɶΣ˶ʱ˳վ
ˣһ¥ŵķ糾ŮӣŵģҲһΪŵۣһ˥ϵݡ
֮У˵ʮƽ⣬˶ŨŨļɵ
ղź˵ûȴǽⱾεգеĸӹ졣
˺ܾã˭û˵ΪȥȴٴΣֶҿ˿ڣ֪ҪʲôҪĶ
֮ǰһЩƮ̫˷Ǵɽﴫģڶԣеˣе졣
Ҫʲô
˼ҶѾ˵ˣһҲգڶҪӣǾǲˡ
ȻҲԿһֱڰ۲ǣпܣ˵һν֬ͬ𣬾ڹ۲ˣ
һֱûֻ֣һʱΣҲΪʱµķʡ
ȴһ·ǳ벻ͬǾǣôϵҵģƾߣΪʲôθңҺƣʶҺܾã
ԺлˣȴѾҴ𸴣Ȼ˵
Ҫɣ
һ⻰ǰʱһ仰УԿºǰĲһģһ
ĺпܣ͹Ŷϰеλ˽ףԺ֮ڡ
뿪ڣɾȴʱҵĻͼ͹ŵƸλ˭ʲôף֮ΪʲôҪص
ò˵뿪ڣһʹҪĵϡ
û뵽ǣ⻰䣬ȴڶ˵˾䣺֪ЩҶԸ㣬ȰҵյŵҸҡ
⻰һңƾеı鶼һ㶣벻⻰ʲô˼
Լ֬ͬùŶϰĸס͵߹ŵô
ǼǵĿЩ죬ǰ˼û˵˼ȴǳԣЩҪȥ˵
ɾʱԺȻ顱űһ˿һ߻ͷʬ壬Ҳʱ£ֱֱԺ֮ڡ
ʬѪģҲ̫ܿʬ˭ϴŵ·ǻ˻Ҷϵá
ⲻǹŶϰ·
Ŷϰʬ屻˴ⶪ˽Һ;ƾ𾪾ˣȴҲ𾪵ĲУЩɵλŶϰƵģʬڵϵɲǣ͵ؾͳǵķ˼ʬ塣
ҪҲͰˣڳһ̬ȴ𾪵ĲУ
Ҫ֪ûô飬ҲǺԺλһ͵Ůˣܳôᡣ
ԣڸˡ
ȻˣΪʲôҪôɵһͨͨĻˣ
ΧʱһƬ˵ĿⶼĲʬ֮ϣú󣬺뷴ӦʲôƵģ͵ؾͽĿһתת⡭
˴ޣɫˣվ⣬ЦЦĿǣУŹŶϰеյơ


330 ɱ
̫ͻȻҵɫɵһڰҲʼ߬СĻͷһ۾ƾȴ˵ɫǽΪƽû̫
Ȼϰûǵļƻڣ˴ĳ֣з
þò˴յİĵƣᳶһĨΪǣǿЦ̧һĳԺ
ǰ첻Ǹռ𣿡Ļ䣬һ䡣۵׵ĳס
ʱ˴Ѿߵ˹ŶϰʬԱߣһ⻰ЦüëӴһ˾䣺صĿš
һһЦû˵ȴջĿɲǣλſ˴⡣
ǼҺ;¶֮ǰѾ档˴һǳۺɡ
ңر⼸λţ˴еյƣżּɵȻܶյ
Ȼ⼸λſ˴Ŀⶼʮֲã˴ȫѹûǷ۵ףһţ˫۾һֱҵϣĿš
ûӦ˴ƾ;뵹ֱӽӸףС̸ʱ˴ĲС
ֻüͷһ̧һֻ֣͵ؿƹŶϰʬ壬ֱӳǵķ˹׼ƵģڹŶϰʬ˲䣬ָ̧̧͵ؽʬ˻ȥ
ΧĲУ˭ûп˵Լʬ壬
ֶ̧ˣȻʬ壬ʬڿػζ
˵ʵ࣬ҲûʲôɱԣֻĿŹŶϰʬһһε飬顱һʬ̻Ƶģֱڿը˿Ѫ˲ɢܣҪƾǰзʹ˵ΪҵסҴʱƶܱɡˡ
˴;˵ҲΪŶϰʬըѶײһ𣬿͵һˣҪ˺飬һᣬڿͣЪ
ʲôһֱû˵ľ룬ȴʱȻ˴ڣʮֲƣϣȴżֳЦ⡣
벻ǣ˴ĻȻԾֱķ˸ۣżְĵ˾䣺ô
ҿ˴ᣬϲ˲佫֮ǰǸϱеС׳յϵһȥ
ǰҵˣô᲻أ
ǵû˴⻰һֵ٩˴˲һ
ĵ׹˵ôĳҪҳӵģʲôʱˣ
Ҿ룬ôһҲϲµ˺
ЩЦĿ˴ϵı仯ֻоһֻڶƵģϵıر졣
ֻ˴˺üֱ˾룬ĿһתĵĶһĨЦݣȴקĲУ̸̸
Ҳ֪ǲΪ˴ǰüǿдԺӣʮֲõӡֱû˴ǿһ۾룬ֿһ˴ĵƣ˼ԡ
þȥǵƶһ㲻˴̸ף
ҿⳡжʱЩ֮ǰ⣬֪յãȴûյУŪ˴о˼ֳ롣
Ǽû˵˴ȼ˼ŭ⣬ȴûнĨŭⷢйǲ۵ףеյƣСǰ㲻Ҫյ𣿵ҵϣ̸ĽףҲܰɡ
ܼͼ𣿡û뵽ǣʱ˴˵һ仰
µɲǣڳ˶˼ԭء
֪ܼͼˣֶֻĹһӵͼľˣô֪˺ܶණƵģ
ô֪ҲܣҲ֪˴Ǵʲôע⣬뻣װһеģ
ȴ㲻˴ϻ˦˸ɫ˼ܼ򵥣и׼˴ҪŭˣֱˣǱ
ò˵Ҽķ糾ŮУΪǵŮӣҲôã컯
ɾʹɫɲǼ䣬˴͵˼£ҲλӦĵƽ޵˲䣬ֱӳǵķ
벻ʾֱӭȥ˲һ
˵Ķܿ죬ǻ֮䣬Уĸλۻҡ

ʱƾȻҶҲĿһۣȴСĶҵ˵ͷ˼ǣȷʵзġ
ɵãĵСĻ˾䣺ôˣ
һҪǹ޺ͱɫ취ȡʱ䡣
ƾٴδԺ˵ĻȴҲĲС
ɲҶ룬ƾ⻰δ£ɫȴѾˣĿǳԣվǰҡ
һûӦƾֱӰǰһƣӭ˱ɫԼȴ˺ü
ĵװ˴ʮ˴һߣĲУֱǰıɫϣƴĺУ
ҺͱɫûУվһԹĹȴˣ͵ؾͳƾķȥȻƾңƾҲԲûκԭͰƣ
ɵãǰһֱӵס˹޵Ĺȴ¶˸գñɫлɳˣݺݵұ󻮳һӡ
ȻԼ󣬿ǻĸоȴ˲䣬ϯҵȫ
޵ЩĿҵƾķ
Ҳ֪ƾڱʲôùôɵҪͷȴ֪ԼڸܻͷֻҧƴĳУˡ
ҪǺܴƽ֣һϣǼҾֱܣ
һ͵سУ˲佫һԵĵذϣڵϵ˲䣬ֻоԼһ۵ĲУһѪ͵شӿ
ͷϣȴ޵һЦ
Һݺһҧ˲䣬ͽԼһֱϵͼ˳ֱֱĵס˹޺ͱɫȥ·
һӵվڵסǵ˲䣬ҵ˫ֿ̤ѸһС͵ıϡ
⧲ıͼ˸ţͼû뵽һʱĺ֣һע˫˫ҵ
ҳյһƾķȴƾǰվԺȫˣ
һŷĴţȴѽգ
ȻҺ͹ޣɫ˴򶷵ʱƾѾ˽ķҸʱ䣡
ҵġ͵ϮУɫݺһޣһ䣺û뵽㻹ôϲ͵顣
һɫ⻰ˣֱӻǺһ䣺˭ϲ͵¶Լ𣿡
㣡ɫ⻰Ǻ仰²ЦĬʹͼڱɫ͹ҷɲǣ͵ؾͽͼҵǰֱӵסĹ
ͼôΣҲҲǵӦ֣ҽӶĵסȥ·ȻĲУңҲͼһ𣿡
һ⻰ʱЩֺǣһ䣺˴һһͼˣ
µɲǣ޻µħ˲䱬ǣΧһȫħ֮УɫҲʮϵĽħȫչ˿
оͼʹе˲䣬ͼųһ⣬͵ؾͽǷųħɢǰȥ·
˴򶷣ѾˣƺսֻʣҺ͹ޣɫˡ
Ժ˵ʮֹӣװҲʮ־ʱȴһƬǽ壬·վڷ֮ϡ
Ҳ֪ǲͼҵϢЦŶ˾䣺Ҳиҵһһϰ
б£һ˴
ɲǼ䣬޻һ˲Ҷˡ
⻰˵


331 
ɾڹ޻µɲǣŵķš֨ѽһ˴˿˵ĿʱһתȴƾҡڵվſڣһֻֻϣһɧĿǡ
ֵǡƾһȥλȫߣ
ƾһµɲǣ˹ʮ˵ĽһƦĿһ۹޺ͱɫ
뵱ҵ档۸
֪Ϊʲôһƾ⻰ֻоƾ˿Manˣ
ȻҺƾ죬еʱ򾭳룬ɹؼʱȴһ¶⣡ƾôң
ǣƾ㻹Ӣ۾һüƾ۵׵Ĳм൱ԡ
Ϊƾ˵ЩʲôʱȻ˹һ䣺ʲôʱ˵Ӣ۾ˣ
һ⻰ֻоԼ۶Ϲˣر֮ǰƾĻ˻ȥһۣû۾﷭ƾȴֵһ䣺ⲻӢ۾аˮ
µɲǣƾϢǣ͵ؾʹһˣ⧲˲ȥ
޺ͱɫûƾͻȻУ͵ؾһȥæƾȴһСֻ顱һһ˲Ժ˿ûҷӦҵӾͱ˸˳ȥ
ҪǿҵƾҹܷԵֱͼˣ
ƾ·ٶȺܿ죬˹ƵģûҷӦѾһ
Ƭʮïܣïܵŵ¶ӦһɹϢ˲ҵܡ
ܰҶʱЩ죬Ĵ˿֮ſڡ
ƾȴһ䣬˵ʲôûҪĵ˷ʱҪء
һ䣺ģ
ƾȴһ䣺ģ˵ġ
һƾ⻰ղŷһİֱۣӻ
վܾãûڳֵڶˣҶʱЩˣ˵Щʲôȴ͵һԼ⴦Ȼһɫ⡣
͵أҾͽͷһתȴ⾹ȻǴƾŵյ﷢ģյơ
ǹŶϰյŵ
ʱЩ죬šüʵƲڹ𣿸ղ㶪ʱƸ˳ˣ
ƾûشңǷЦЦһëֹסĴ˸˾䣺Цʲôô£
䣬ƾȴ˳ǣĻҾ䣬˵ɽկҿɿء
һ⻰ͽüëʱһʲô˼
û뵽ȴش˵֮ǰѾյƣ׼һյյһģһķãڹŶϰ彫øʱѾˡ
ԣҲΪʲô˴յŵƳֵʱ;뻹ô޿֡
ʱĵ׿ڷЦɣ
⻰˾䣺Ŷϰô£ոպȥʲôôһ˳ˣ
ƾȻǲҶ˵ʲôôֱ֮ӰһۣҾ䣺Լȥ
һ⻰ʱŭˣûµЬӳֱ˦ƾϣ
ƾȼ˱ŭСҾ䣺֪
ûֱӷ˸ۣѾƾһͷ˵ʱƫƫҰ˵Լ˵ȥ¡
ڰڳһӣȴҶԽȫ˵
ƾ˵Щ֮ǰ̾һ䣺ںӱߣвʪЬ
˼ǣ;룬ȻǽƻĹŶϰƭˣ
֮˽⵽ǹŶϰĿУûм滰˵һ仰ǾǣĻƷȷȷʵʵģλصߣҲʵڡ
黹ҪӼʮǰһҹ˵
ʮǰһҹĸϱĻǺӱϣλص߼񵽣ˣͼյŵƴ
˵Ǵֻ˵ǺˣΪյŵƺͼȫȫΪ
֮Իںӱ߽ʰҲȫΪ촿ʱϵĹͷ
ԣֵ˼ȫ
λ߲һһҪӣ
ͼ˾ٹ¼а֮ӵйٹ¼ʮ־ͼľŮ֮⣬伸еڶܹٿͼ
λߣȴѰ£ֻҪһԵ壬ܹϢڽŵ֮Уŵƣոһգ긴һֱ꣬ŵںһ֮󣬷ܳΪλܹٿͼˡ
취ףȴǷǳѣ
Բ˺Ϊ¥̨ӵһĻΪ̻֮أǾۻ֮أֻҪں֮󣬷ɳΪλٿͼӡ
ʼ֪һУ߷ǳĸмʱһȴԽԽã飬ƺЩ̫Ծˡ
ΪԼϣʼ˱仯
ֻϳһЩɫСߵ㣬󣬷ϴĳֺɫ㣬һһģǱȾɫƵģǳֲ
ĴѰҽûд𸴣ҲʹߣõĻظȴǣʱ޿̴յƣǸߵ㣬ͻʧ
ųɫߵ֮ԽԽ飬¶ǰˣλ߾Ȼͨ˹Ŷϰ常
֮󣬷ǳ£ûκ׼ڱҲΪ˺ǼȻʧ٣ұǣûзټ飡
ߵʱ򣬱ͼյƶģɵ󡭡


332 Ļ
Ҳ֪ĸˣȻͼһϡ
룬رĵԼ˷֣һ˹¥ϰ֮⡣λĹߣȻһζûֹ
ľ裬Է˲١
ӾһȥûԼҪģûκǣ
뷨ֻԺһ
Ϊ֣뿪յŵƵʱԽϵĺɫߵԽ࣬ǴĿʼĻ£뿪յŵ֮Ϊ˵ҲȻ޴档
ټ뿪ǰû϶Ǯϣ޷̨ٳֻ취ԼסԺӣ뽫ԼĶó˳㽫ǵһ
Ȼ֪ƶӰж󣬿ƴϣܹ鲻ЩںڵİߵѸӣ
ңҲ޷ԤϣЩڿ飬ǱĻ֮Լʲô
Ǳ˻ȥʵʩԼļƻȴû뵽λصߣͨԤѧŶݼףǰԲ㡣سһһһ飬֪һˣȻôѾ˼ȥѰȥ
جΣҲʼˣ
˵ǼԺӱ˺ܾã˾סҲûǸӣҴŽȥ˸ʵĵطΧǽȥ벻һۼ
û뵽ǣȴģյĵƣĶǱ˵ĹŶ길
߽Լķ䣬ϵĵƣȴֳĨӰӣתŶ길ݺݵӣĺ֮ϡ
ѵһ˲䵹أѪֹɹŶ길⻹꣬ù֮󣬾ȻһںľײĿйһ뼦Ѫڹ˼Ѫ֮һϺõ֬ĿС
󡭡
ΪһϺõ£;һѣһ¹¥̨ӵ塣
ֱЩǲŰλ˵ģóһööϸ룬̽ڣǣȫӡڣ󣬲Žײ֮УģΪéӵ¡
Ҫ֪ʱȻˣǣ˼Ѫȴûأ
ңҪĿģҲɻʬ
ʬ֮ǰ̺˵ĹУλǮ˼ҴСģǼʬĴڣ
Ҫ֪֮ԻЩɫĺڿ飬ΪģļʴһɹŨֱ͸Ƥڣÿһһ˾ʮ˲ĶڵƶûŨ
Ϊܸõĺͼںһ𣬻ײ֮Ŷϰ常ӣͼһ˽ȥ
˭û뵽Ϊٶ谭ߵļƻһ컯Ļ뿪ʬ塭
˵ǰһ뼦Ѫֺ˴ĹѨó֬ʬ伸ϵ飬Ļ뿪ʬ壬Ϊ˹ȴһܹԼĻᡭ
סԺǼŮӣҲʱסԺӡ
磬һǵע⣬һ棬Ǹס˹ܹЩʲô
뵽һ취ǾǴһʼĿţɱסԺŮӣţͩĵ̸УǰԼ˹¥糾ŮӣŵĲᣬȴһҹ֮䣬ȫԺһססʮʮꡣ
ľٶùˣȴŶ길ӣŶ길ӾЩ֣㿪ʼ۲Ժӣλصͨ籨š
յߵľ棬߻ڹŶϰķŪһ󷨣һܵͨԺõļɵҲǽꡭ
߾ʧˣ˼ƵģǹŶϰ常ôȥͨ籨ţҲˡ
һʼΪǼı̽ģʱһãȴ֣ʧˣ
ʧٵľʯ󺣰㣬Ѷ
һû˿ƺ⣬Ŷϰ常ȻǳĵĹӣڹŶϰĸǰصŶϰȥŻƷյı
ҲɵյĵǸϣĸıһëǸ˷۱
ԣһЩʵĿ⣬ҲûЩʲô
ͼߵӾˣҲͼһЩܣΪԼĹϵܹͼͨУˡ
Ҳҵ
ΣҾ
Ȼʧ٣ܿƣܹһɵŮ뵱ֻأոһյĻš
Ҫѣ
ЩҲĶ˽⣬ȴɻĲУ˶ˮ棬඼ˡ
λص˭
һܹӵͼܹͨŶݼףԲ㣬سˣ֮٣
ˣӵͼͨЩǳ˽ͼǡ
пܣߵˡ
ѸٵĽΧ˵ӰԺйһ飬ȴ֣ϵģŮģЩ͵ģ̣ʦ
˶ʣˣһпܶɢˣһ˴ơ
һʦľ֣˴Ҫô鷳ĺǿ⣬ֱӰʦеͼͿ
Ҫ˵̲µģǸ˵ȥˡ
̸̰ͼȨƵˣҪǣСˣ
ΨһĶӣΨһϣˣɢˣôܻĻĺأ
һֱΪҪģֻǾͼ˴Ŀ⣬һָ˼ǻָ˾Ů֮λٹ¼ͼþص˾ʮ־ٽ޺ͱɫɱˣˡ
һһУƺûô򵥣
ǰ˺ܶӣǸԼ˺ܶ࿲ȫ滮ĺ覴ã
ҲΪȴһ㣡
ҾȻûз֣еһУÿ飬ƺһĻ֣ڲǰУҺ񡭡
ڰһӣ޾Ԩȥ
뵽Ժе˼Ȼңһƾ;룬˽̺ʦ֪ʲô𣿡
ƾһҡҡͷ˵˽⣬һ䣺òǣɵ̺ʦͷ˰ɣ
źû˵ֵǣʦǰ˵Ǿ仰ǧҪߵˣԺҵ˼ҡ
ɾʱҵĽºȻһգǱ˱Ƶģһɷǳŵī˱Ƕ͵תȥȴűɽǡþҵ
Ҽ״ʱһʾ룺ôڲ
˴ƤҩƵģ˦仰Ȼڸң飬ƾаţ֮ǰԺĸֱҲϷȴûиҡ
ŪϷ̫ֵģ
ҷ˵ϣȴʱǣҵ֣ߣҲ֪ҪȥʲôطǱʶȴңȥʲôطֻҪǾҵģһġ
ǰǻӣǵԨҶž֣һ⡣
ҳǰߣƾæһվھԱߣֺرңҲվһƵģƨƨߵߵǰ棬ֵ硣
һᣬ߳ӣȴ֣ǰȻһǺӣ
Ҳ֪ǲΪƾ֮ǰ˵ڻǺﱻ߼񵽵£͵ؿƾ֮ǰԺλŲǺһôˣǴߵģ
ƾȴͷһۣʵ㻹ǲǵãԺһ͹Ŷϰļͬģ
͵صɴ˫ۣ˾䣺ǵã
ɾʱǺӶ棬ϤӰ


333 ֣߳
˵ӰҶʱһ
˾ȻλסԺš
Ҳ֪ƾǰԺʲôλſԽ䱸Ŀ⣬ʱ˲١
ƾȴʱյƣҵУüëȻû˵۵׵˼ȴԵĲС
ҽƽӹûƾȴƾĲߵ˻ǺӶ棬λ˸档
Ųͣҿ˾䣺жܹң
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ȴʱֱӽͼҵУЦŶҵ˾䣺ûϵ㾡ɡ
úĺľһɫĵ󷽡ұ޾
ȴ֮ǰһֱһǣֱ֮󣬲¶Լò
ͼյŵƶҵһʱЩ㶣ĿЩ֪롣
ƾȴʱڣңɵɵʲôأ
͵رƾ⻰ǣһȴУЩ֪Լô
֮ǰûȹһֱӺ˾Ũصڣһûʲôҳ
͵أҰһʮĿһ֮ǰҿһ𣿡
һȻЩ죬˾䣺ʰɡ
мλʲô
˵⻰ʱҵЩ죬Լ©Щʲôһȴҡҡͷ˵Żһɫֻûˡ
һ⻰ĵ˲һأֻоλصƺررԶ
ûԥҴԼóһЩƾҰһªķ̳׼
ɾʱȻ̧ͷڵȵȡ
ôˣҶʱͷһ۾룬Ҳǣҿڵ˲䣬ƾͬĿڵ
ڷ̳ߡ
뵭ڣ䣬ҳһԵС
׷𣿡Ҳһ䣬ȴֱǽһԵһǶ£͵ؽԼϵųǼȦֻ£еϢѹ͡
Ǿһţǣ˵񾭣ֻڳˣһɫŵĲУ񾭽һܷʲô¡
ʱһһĹȥˣʲô¶ûʾ뾿ô˵ɲǣǰվŵĵطȻССĶ
һλ±ں۵Ůˣ˻ǺӱϣĴtǽԼڵĴĴƺ뿴û˲Χ
ԱߵڿŮ˳ֵɲǣ͵صɴ˫ۣһǱͱʴķڵϣЩˡ
ѵ˵ǰŮˣһֱڱٿһеλŮ
ڼǰѾʧˣô֣
ֻߡûʧ٣ֻαԼʧ٣ﻮ̣
뵽⣬ҵɫɵð˰ףͷһ۾ƾȴ¶Ҵδľ衣
·ǰŮˣ
ĴһȦȴʲôû֮ȴûż뿪Ǵһʰ˼ʯͷˮ
Ҳ֪⻤ǺӵĺˮжʯͷһȥƵͨһûŶ
Ҳʯͷɲǣ͵ؼһ˻ֻ䡱һʲôˮըƵģһˮ͵س죡
ԭǽԼעʯͷﶪˮУ뿴ˮû˰
ò˵ǰλŮһһλ˼֮ˣ
֪⣬ѵұ𣿡
ǼԼ෽ȴûߵôŮӲtܣ촽ڵ
Ůӿڵ˲䣬͵سһϤУǰλ۵Ůӣʶ˽ãİֲϵҸ˭
һҷλ߻µɲǣŵĶһԣǰλǺˮƵġ
ɾ˻Ӧλߴ뿪ɲǡ
Ҳ֪ǲƵЩ󣬶ԺȻꡱһһֻ֦һСĲȶƵġ
ŵɫˣһĽľһ뿴˭ȵģλȴѾ˲ǵķ
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λѾҪߵǷ˲䣬ǡꡱһʲô֦˿Ƶģ͵һתͷ˵Ŀ˳˹ȥȴ֣ǰϤĲϤӰ
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һ⻰ʱһ㶣û뵽⣬ԼǸûܹһ档
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ײΧѧƾӣֿţȴʲôû϶ʱȾһɻ
ǲлңʱ뵭ڣָָײĸӣ󣬵˵ͷʣȻأ
ҵĺ̵Ĺײı˵Ҳˡһаĵط£ûȥײģŨһ̶ȣԼթʬ𣿡
ЦŻһ䣬Ҷʱһ㶣˵Щʲôʱ򣬾ֵ˾䣺֮ǰʬģ⣬Ȼĵ
ǼȻ̵ʬ⣬ĵǻײĸ
֪ΪʲôԽĻԽĸоɵһΡ
ɾȴЦˣ죬ƺشңȴֱ죡
ҼģȻЩˬЩʲôְһԿţû˵ڡ
ҲžȻĵҲûڶˣѡ˸ˮλõĵط̵Ĺȥ
ɾ̵ʬ屻УҪɲǣжʱһڵȵȡ
ƾŲӣĻͷһۣңôˣ
ʿˮС˵˾䣺ǡٿһ۰ɡ
˵⻰ʱҵᣬЩϸСȴҹ˺ܴŽ仰˵ġ
ѾˣȻΪãҶΪⱲӲټˣʬȴҵǰҲһۣЩѹ
ڻǱ𿪰ɡ
벻ǣ뾹ȻʱȻڣңʱһ㶡
ЩӦ
ղ벻һұ𿪹׵ˣ

Ҫ
ܸо֮ǰǲǺ;뻹ƾ˵ʲôʲôôðôգʱص壬Һ֪˺ܶƵġ
̵ĹײĲһ㲻⣬֮УͲµһ
Ҫ֪һˣ̱ˣԶҵļ棬Ҳڶˣԣ̲סһ䣺Ϊʲô
˶ˣΪꡣ
벻ǣ뾹Ȼһĺ˵˵ҵͷȾ˲
һ˵ЩʲôȴƾҲʱ˳
˻һľһȻһ棬ΪʲôѹײĴ򿪣
ɻң⻰ʱЩ벻ͨˣ
һǷǳŮӣôеʱӦûرܲôײǹϣ˵
һüë˼ǣף̵


338 룡
⻰˵ĺ䣬ɫһףֱӱ죬һԿ⻹Щ졣
ôоҲ뿴ײ̵ģ
ûҵƾĽ˻ȥڷǰæ˸ĹĹϣƾȴû֣תͷһۡС˾䣺̽ʲô
⻰һ꣬Ҷʱһ㶣һô꣬˺̵֣һʣһʱᣬЩ벻ˡ
㲻̵ֶ֪ɣ
ƾɫһʵ
⻰һ˵꣬ش𡣾ȴڰҵ֣Сֻ֪
˼ǣұش
̵ĹϣֶûУͺͺԭ
֮󣬾ǣصҵļС
ҵļĸ䣬һһ䣬һ̵ķ䣬һҵķ䡣
Ȼǲܹס˵ġҲ֪ȻλŰŽҵķסǵ˾䣺Ϊ㳬ȡ
˵⻰ûӦֱӻصǰסķ
ջص̵ķ䡣ǰŻṳ̂ȥƾ̷ĴҲ֪ڿЩʲô
죬ѾЩˣʱҵֻʾʱ䣬ȴ賿㣬ȻҹѾߵǺҹǰ죬ǰ죬Ǻҹ
ڸҼƾ⶯ʱЩ죬ɵÿ˾䡣
ƾȴһ䣺ǲǵã̵Ĵ֮ǰиع
ƾ˵һˣôһ˵Ҷʱæߵƾıϣȴ͵ط֣֮ǰǸعͱ˸ƽˣ
عģͨˮ֮ĶȫɳӣҴ¿ȥɳӸ˴浹ȥģع̮ǳʲô䶯ӿɳӽعˡ
ɵҰһСƾ˾䣺û˭ɵģ
ƾȴֻǻͷ˦˸Ȼû˵۵׵˼ȴԵĲУ
Ȼ£
ӣʧٵʱ飬ͦġ
ҹƾԾĴ̵Ĺ˴ӣֱڵϴ˵̡
룬ȴҲû˯̵Ĵ̣ǸƾһһԳޱ˵ϡ
̷Ŀռ乻󣬷ͬʱ̣湻ܵġ
Ҳ֪Ϊû˯ãΪûлع壬ûⶰϷ˯Ҳһɽжеķ˯ˡ
Ϊһڱһ˯벻ǣ˯һ룬ұˡ
ңǱһ͵ԶʲôӹײҪթʬѡ
ʱɫܺڣϸǺڵһ¹ⶼղĴ͸Źա
ҪǾߣһܱոŵ
ϾԽǱ֣ԽܴݿеĿ־塣
ֵǣɲǣǹʱͣ
֮ǰǻƵģôҶղǹˣ
һҽĿһת͸ǱĹߣһ˯ˣֽͷһת뿴ƾȴ͵ط֣
ƾŵĵط˿ȴӰûˣ
ƾأ
͵һʱЩ죬ҪСİѾ뺰ѣȴȻһֻҵ졣
ұһӲŲӣعͷֻǾģʱһ
СġꡱһȻҲʲôĶ
ƾأɵãС˾䣬Ҳ˱˾ӡ
벻ǣ뾹Ȼ֣֪
һ⻰ɫ˽˵ЩʲôӶҵĶ
˲䣬ҵһĶʱź˽ŵĲУԼʲô
ţȴķôôҵķ䣿
Ҫ֪Ѿûлˣ˽Ǿߺľ̵ʬ֮⣬ʬ嶼ûС
ҵķסŵĸλţҪҳҪѣȻʲô顣
ѵ˵ǳ֮⣬˻˴ӣƾȥͷˣԳȥ̽̽
Ҳ֪ҾڱӶ˶ãɵĻЩˣСھԣһ䣺ǳȥ𣿡
žǽɫΪܾңû뵽ȴҵ˵ͷ˵á
һ⻰϶ʱȾһϲ͵شӵŵĴ·Ҫƿųȥȴʱסҡ
ôżšɲǣķ·ܽ
󣬾һ̷ָֻĴֽͱƣһֻ۾ȥ
ѧӣһߴһָֻͷ㽫ⴰֽͱƣСһȴ㽫ϵĻƿ˵ϣ
ھۼֿ죬⻨ƿҪص˲ӽƿУŵĻ˻ȥȥһࡣ
Ҳ̶̼бųһ亹
һٴȥͱƴֽȴ͵ط֣ǰӶȻʱͣ
ΧģԼĺ֮⣬Ǿĺˡ
ʱҵһĶ˰գ񾭽ŵĲУݺһҧǰһֻ֣ǰĴֽͱơ
ɾ۾뿴Ժﶯɲǣȴŵ͵ص˺ü
ҪǾңҹܱԼڵϣ
ڽ۾ȥ֮ǰһȴûԼļȻбƤӰΧһ죡
;뻹гīĶӳ¥սƤӵǶμ䣬һ£¥Ĵ˵ƤӷصĴ˵ҲǴС󣬶ԻƤӱЩº;η
ʱһȻǱŵֽŶЩ
ôôƤӣҵɲǣҲŴС˾䡣
Ҳ֪ٴλһδ֪Ǳͻҵģˣ
üŹٴν۾ߡ
ЩƤӲûнԺӣȫſԺߵǽϣſűϡ
ҼҵĴţҲ֪ʲôʱ˸˿ХĴⴵ˽ŵʱ򣬻ˡ֨֨
ҶЩƤãȴ͵ط֣ЩƤӵĿ⣬Ȼȫһӣ
Ҳҵķ䣬סķ
ѵ˵ЩƤҼңǱҺ;ƾˣΪˣ
ӦǵһɣټλŶڱˣʮǧԴϹϵ
һʱᣬЩ벻ͨûֱӿţȥӭϻƤӣɵֻܶĹעһС
ܾЩƤӾһ񣬸ᶯƵģЩˣԼʲôþ
ֱӶٴ͵ؾѣȴ͵ط֣ҷĴű˴˿
һź۵Ӱ˳ӲݴͣĿûаɫʲôƵģȥ
ź۵ˣͩţӶȴǴ󴫳ġ
ֻǰߣһֻë׵ĻƤӸ󣬽µĲʮֳأĦذƵģĦ
Ҽ״ʱȥͩţȴٴҵ֣ұ嶯һӲЩĶҵС
ҲĿһ۾룬Ķȴ͵ط֣ҵĶȻһ塭
壬ҿɰ㲻İҺ;룬Գ˸һö
ֻҵˣö壬Ҳֻʣ¾룬Գˡ
ҶʱЩû뵽Ҫʲôɵòһ䣺ôˣ
벻ǣ뾹Ȼʱߵ˷űϣûԥֱ˷Ĵţ
ҿž뿪ŵĶĵ͵һֻоǲǷˣ


339 ҵӴ
ɾȴֱ˳ȥֱߵͩŵһѽǸë׵ĻƤӸ
ԴӻصҾԽԽ͸ƾˣʱٶҸһƬãȻ
ĴѾ򿪡һ˽վڷ룬ԺһУȴ֡
ֻ׻ƤھĻаĳ棬ûһ궯ͷȥֱҲû¶ı飬ǹһĨЦݡ
ԺӳǽϵĻƤǻȫſ棬̷ĿԺһС
롭Сĺһ֣ȴתͷҡꡱһʾұ
ֻ뾹ȻֻƤӣͩŵ󣬲ᣬɢƵġ
ʱһĦ͵ؽĿһתȴ֣֮ͩλžҲͩһݴ͵Ĵӷ˳һֻë׵ĴƤӡ
ֻֻһŵĻƤҲֻһֻƤӣڴӷ֮ǰȫ۰Ͱ͵ĿžֻƤӣ۵׵ıƴżĽ
£
Ҹǿôˣ
λŵɫǱ˹ƻƵġӲĳŴȥһ紵ΧһУе൱졭
Ҳû˵ƤӻƻˣɽôһȴĵĻЩ
һֻƤӶԺ߳ȥ֮ſԺǽϵЩƤӶʱҲȫȥԺЩյվ̷ǡܹԺӺĳ۵ס
ĸ۵ŮˣֻƤӣһλݿݵӡһֻƤӸ档
ⳡԽԽЩʵ
ֱǵӰԽԽԶСĴӷž뿪֮ǰҵö塣
Ȼû˵ҲǽңҷĶ԰ɣ
ûֱӸǵĶ飬СߵҵķĴ˿ûƾӰĵĴӷ˳뿴ǵҪ
ŴӼſһߣǲݵһƬ͵۾ʱĵͷƤˡ
ЩƤӣôûߣȫڲݵأ
Ѳɡڿң
ʱΧȻɧǽŲƵģһֻǼʱ䣬ұ˿ľһĶʱҵķںϺµ
ֻǼʱ䣬ȴ͵ط֣һСϾȻһڣֻʣ۰׵Ӱ
ⲻ
ֻһæҲ֪ЩʲôΪֹЩСƵģ˺һᣬֱߵҼ⣬ִǿģͣ˽Ųƺ뿴˭Ÿ򿪵İɡ
ֵɲǣȺڲݵĻƤӾȻǳԻȫҪ֮ǰ֪ЩƤӵĴڣΪǲԼأ
֣ô˴ˣΧܰСֹȻҵĶС
˵ٻô죬˵
й
һĹûֱ߽ͣڣҺ±֣Ҳ뿪󣬿ر֪ȥɵúݺһҧ̤ӵɲǣСĴ˳˾䣺
񾭽ĲУƺû뵽ʱ˺ŵĻһ͵תͷֺңһ㰡
䣬ʲôƵģ͵صɴ˫ۣĵ˾䣺ô⣿ƾأ
࣬СȴǡΧصⱾ͹˴壬еĸӹ죬ˡ
ҡ֪ɫһףǱŵƵģ͵ܵԣ֣ȴзƵģ͵ض㿪ҡ
ô⣿һ飬ʿˮСĶ˾䣺˯ʱһӶĦˣһֱҴӷֱûˣҲŴӴʱȴִҶˣˣֱŵֻܶ󡣡
˵⻰һָָ֮ǰŵǿһװҪж຦£ж຦£ھƾѧľѧ
⻰Ȼûţ۵ɺЦЦ˵ԭ
⻰һ˵꣬Ͻ˾죬أոȥ˰ô
˵⻰һָָķ۵һƬ졣
죬Ҫشҵɲǣּ˾䣺򡭡ȥ棬и¥ͽǶ
֪Ϊʲôһ¥֣۵׵ɫ͵ض˶ٵСĵ˾䣺ҲǱܳģҸղųʱͩǻڷ˯ǷĴҲǽŵѽ
Ļ䣬ҵɫ͵ذ˰ףܵƵġһô£
ҡҡͷװıһ棡
ҸˣװģҼԺһ飬ȷʲôû֮źŽô졣
Ͼô죬һ˴壬ʲôΣ֪ҵѲǹؼ
ֻҵĵĺͺǼ٣ΪţƾԵ޹ʵʧ٣ҶǺһ
һǰıһУŻ
Ҳ֪ǲұʶˣ˺þãûȻȴȻĳһ䣺ҿͦģΣƶܶԸĵӦ֣Ϊʲôô°
ұ⻰ʵģĵ׿һһ䣺Ҳװе˰ɣ
ϣȴεЦЦС˵˾䣺ͦºڵʵҲûôÿζоƾæҶǧٻˡ
⻰һ˵꣬Ǻ֪ƵģġޡһЦЦû˵
պȻҺվ̼ҵĴſڣǰһƬŨ̵Ĵ·۵׸˼
ã̲סС˾ãǻȥ˰
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ոձ֮󣬴߳ղŻ·˺þãʲôûŴˡ
󣬺֪ĵ˵ͷпƤ𣿡
һ⻰Ȼʮֲ죬һңʲôƤӣ
ҪǾܹ죬̼ǰôС·ߣ¥ȥһܱƭ˹ȥ
µɲǣҶҡҡͷ˵ûʲôƤر࣬ĵط¥¥ĻƤӷˡ
˵˵ţһָָǰ߹·᲻¥ͻƤӷسʲô⣬ƾǰˣֱȥˣ
һҡҡͷ˵֪һӲ죬ҪǾƾʲôֱȥˣûҪͩģǡ
⻰ɫ˲һף뵽ʲôõĶƵģòǾƾʲô֮׷˳ȥͩǱڰ˸˰ɣ
Ӧáɣһ䣬󣬾ر϶ԼвƵģ͵ضҡҡͷ˵пܵģ¥ͻƤӷؿɹˣ˶̫ҿô죬ģƾطˣȥ¥ͻƤӷؿ
ˣ·Ҹղ߹ˣʲôûһ˵Ҫȥ¥ǲСβƵģֻ͵ػһҡҡͷЦǽһΡ
䣬ֽŵ˾䣺žҪ壬һԭҲпȥԼҪ˰ɣ
⻰˵ķǳί񣬿ôôãԽԽˣ
Խȥ¥ұԽȥҸ˵֮£ЭֻЭ֮ǰһ⣺Ҽǵڽ֮ǰƾһŶݼ׵ľ֣ҲֿͩǱ˭ˣȥȥ¥ô


340 ʧĴ
һ⻰ûлؾĵȴ⣬ֲòװһԼ뵽ôһð취ı飬͵ؾܻط䣬Լ˳һֻʣֱһŶݼ׵ľ֡
Ҳ֪ǲ⣬Ҫ˭ߵˣҲܱ֤᲻ῴĶŶݼ׵ľֵ֣ʱرĵʲô
ڣָһãȴ֣޽⣡
˵ȥλŵǱ˭ˣ巽򶼿ֻһһʮĺ˵һ顣
˵֮ң֮ǰ𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷ˵УҪڸһЩǿġ
ңа취ܽ𣿡
ҡͷԣûô¡
˼Ŀһۣңȥ¥𣿡
¥̼Ҳ˵кܳһξ룬ɽ·ر᫣ɭҪ·Ϸʲôƶûܷ֡
õİ취ǴԭȾƾǣǸӣû취ԭصҪҸȥ¥ôľ룬Ҫǳʲôӣǻ˷۱
ңҶ˽⣬͹ŶϰƬ֮ʡƾ֮⣬һɹظˡ
һôŮˣҪǱ˰ߣǣģûпܣ
ֻɲǣҶ˰ЩƵģ˵˾䣺ֺȻ̫ȥ¥ˣûȥ¥㲻֪¥Ĺ졭Ŷݼ׶㲻ԭصȵȿɣ
һԭأƺȥ¥ԸȻʲôҪõĶƵģҡҡͷ˵ʣˣҪ˵ɽƣѾƾŪߣΪ˽°ô죿ǻǽҿɣٲٽ˵ϡ
⻰һ˵꣬˼һᣬǲ̫ȥĵȴֿ˻
ȥƾ˵Ҫأ
ָǰһ·˵Ȼ߿ɣ
Ǿ뱧ŻƤ뿪ķҲͨʬķ򡭡
Ȼ֪ͨģֻһָָһôеķ۵ɻˡ
ɻֻɲǼ䣬еȻ޴棬ֻһ䣺ѽ
֮ҳ·ȥ
Сϣһ磬ԺХ̹ǵĲܸˣһ磬̹ǣرˣ·ֱܹ˵ĹƵģɭɭģһ·ֹסĴ˺ü
Χ̫ɽеɽƵģΧһУԵʮʡ
Һ·˺һᣬۿžͿߵɽߵɲǣȴ͵شһO@ɧɧ
ʲôڲݵﴩУվСϣܼݵҶӵĲ֮⣬ʲô
ֻ˲䣬Һͣ˽Ų໥һۣСҾ䣺ãʲô
Ȼ֪ǰЩſǽϵĻƤӣȴûôԲУֻҺµҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ûֳ档
ʲôҶش֪ЩͷˣһۣȻֱӳŲݴԵķ˹ȥ
Ҫû´ĻΧЩݴȫĻƤӣҪһȥƶܱеͷʣˡ
ҪҪסȵȣȴѾһ̤˲ݴ̤ݴԻûһᣬĿб͵شһϸĺУǱʲôŵƵģ͵شӲݴ˳
˳ɲǣϵԼո̤ȥֻţҪ˦ʲôƵģҴսһ־ȻֻƤҧСŶϣһߣȫ˳ȥ
ֻ߳ȥɲǣһ˺ҧ뿪ǰϵƵģ
ûľ궨£ſҵԣһ˫˫͵۾͵شӲݶ︡˳ƤӵӰû۾ȴΪ˲ٹĸо
á¡
Ҷ˲䣬ݹֱ͵סҵĸ첲Ҫˣһϰɣ
Ŀһֻۣ˲䣬˻ȥϸϸ˵˾䣺öƤӡ
˵⻰ʱĵȴ͸ֶأ
ЩƤҪ빥ң綼ˣôܻȵǿҪ̷Ĺʱڹ
Ҫû´ĻЩƤӣߵˡ
ǰΪı̵ֹķĹֻߣʱ䣡
Ͼôܻôɺϵ飿
֮ǰôΣ˵һ̿ƻƤӵ֮⣬ƤӵӰûκйأƤӾͼˣ
ҿ뱧ŰëƤӵǾٶƺȺƤرӣãڷЩ裬ֶǹװҿġ
һڲ߻ʲôֺһһСйȥҰҲڹźһڸң
վԭأ˶ʮֽŵĿΧĻƤӣãתͷƺ뿴ܲҸܣȴתͷɲǣʱһֹסķ
һģȻǲĲУҪǿʲôôô£ȴĴҶ

û̻ͷֻСġһȴϽ˾䣺쿴棡
һ⻰͵ؾͽͷһתڽͷתɲǣŵɫҪѿ
ʧЩ񣬾Ȼ봩£ɫ࣬۰͹ĳҵֱĶ
۵ףżѪ̰


341 ʬ
ʲô
Ҷ𣬱ŵˡ
ɴʱң˿ǰĻƤӣֿ˿Ĵ񣬻ԵǱŵĲᣡ
ǻȥ̵ķر𣿡
ҵԽͷһתһۡ
ƺȥ̷رߣر»ƤӣȺʱЩƮĲС
ݺһҧСҾ䡣
ȥĻӵ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵֪
һʱһĽŵ˾䣺ȥĴԸƤӣҸ϶ˣ
ûһشĻŸ䡣Ⱥ񣬻ǰĻƤӣ˷Ƶģ͵س
ŵֽһһ͵ؽͼУȴʱֱӽԼµԹ˳͵ر˴񣬽һԭء
˵Ҳ֣ɲǣҳȺƤӡȻͣ˽Ų˫͵۾ңȴû㶯
ֱԭأͼʱЩ֪룬ӦսϴƺҲʱͷһתһۣȵ˾䣺ȺƤǲϵ㰡ô㣿
˵⻰ʱǰòѹȥĲ죬ȼЩĪ
⡣֪ôûͻƤӽӴѽ
ֻ˲䣬ԶʱһҽУǸոתͷʱ񣬲Сı˵Ĵ͵Ϯˡ
ץҲʱ͵Ҷ𣺡ң
˵ģȥҲȥæϾھƾ֪ȥǵѣܻû˺ˣ
ݺһҧͼֱӳķȥȴףܴ򲻹Ⱥ˵ĴλĴ壬ŨĶֱӽͨ˾ˣôթʬʬ嶼򲻹
嵽ߵɲǣͼ͵ط˺üλȴû֮أǴӿڴͳƷڽǻɲǣ͵ǵͷϣƷ
ֶΣȴǿӲĶֱ࣬ӴһЩʬļ׵Ǹ飬Ǻ޷֮
˲಻٣ԼĪʮϰˣȫۼһϤݣ᲻ѡ
ɵãĵװһҧҪгһգҵɱЩˣһƴȫΪǱ
ս˺һᣬЩȫ챻ƷȺվһԿϷĻƤȴʱ͵سûҷӦϱ˻Ƥӡ
ϵĻƤǣʾһһڵ˺ҧļҧµֱȥ
Ҫ֪ǹûģ
ҧµЩһĶǰ壬ŨԹֱǻƤϺõĲƷ
ر»ƤƵģЩԼǹܹǲڵϴ뽫ԼϵĻƤŪȥȴЩƤӲĸ
һֻ£Ͼһֻϣûһᣬ㽫¶˺ҧĲ
ֵǣЩƤǣȻҲгҳģȴ࣬ƶҰ㲻ȤЩҳĻƤǣҲûԴӵϻ˻ˢӣŪĨѪǹˡ
ЩƤʮĶգգ۾
ѵ˵ЩƤϵңǾƾŪģ
Ҳ˲䣬ǱЩܲˣ͵طԼϵĻƤӻˣûǧУֱӽЩƤնڵ¡
ЩƤȴĲУû˲䣬ֱߣʱʱĳȥһֻ͵Ϯһֻע
ķë͵ؽĿһתһۣҲ֪ǲҲĲУûʲôӣһȴûҵ˼Ҿ䣺һȺѣֱɱ˰
ǼұĲУȴû°֣۵ϼ㻳ɣڡ
ڵ˲䣬װһŷӦƵģһ͵ؾͱһƤǻ䡣
ȥʮײУɴȴû˺ǡ
ɲǣһͦӵվԣ磬һۡ
˵϶ǱĲУ۵׸û֮ͬΣ໥ɣ޷󱳽Է
˵Ҳ֣Ⱥʬ屻Ǵڵأû˶ЩʣµĻƤȴʱ뿪֮УҲ֪ȥ
һʱ䣬ҵսֻʣҺȺʬ塣
Һվԭغһᣬ˶ûжǾĻܣ֮ſңȥ̵ķر𣿡
ҵ˵ͷ˵ã֮ͼ
˵ģȻһָоǾȺƤӣЩʬ壬ͬһģ
һƤӣȥ̵ķرߡ
һʬ壬ȴʲô˼ˡ
ϾҪǣȺƤѾˣǵ˲ʱ䣬ҪȺʬһ١
ɵãС˾˵ЩƤӺЩʬ壬ͬһ𣿡
ûż˵ԹԵĳǰ˺üĵĴһ䣺̫񡣡
Ϊʲô۵׶ʱȾһ죬ʲô֪Ƶģһ䡣
ȴʱͣ˽ŲĿһתһۣ۵׵ıЩӣʲôƵģһŶҵƤ˭Ҳ֪ҸоȺǸġ
һʱһ
һ𾪵ĿСΪʲôã
ȴЦЦڵȻҲ̫ҵĶʲôʬ֮飬Լ˵ʬʬô᲻֪ʬ˵ļ
˵⻰û̫ȴ˶ּ֮һ䣺ңÿˣԼԵϰߣοǲͬʬأոնԸʱû֣ȺʬЩ̫һ
˵⻰ʱҾѣڳĳһƵģûҵˣʲô֣ĵĸҡ
ĻûżشǽȺӰԺһ飬ȷԼûзʲô֮Сһ䣺ʲô𣿡
һȺͨթʬʬ壬ȴôŨʲô
ʱѾ̧˽ţ̷رߵķȥ
һ仰һƹ͵ؽҴѣ
˵ȺʬģΪλߣϲðŪ˵˵ʱȴô
ҪǱ˺˵ģһûʲô֡
ȴһֱһָоǱߵ˰
ʱ˵ߵ飬Ǵ˵ʲô߶һߣݺλߵģ
ǼҳĬãû˵ٴδҶȴû֮ǰ飬СĶҵ˾䣺ˡ
һ⻰ʱһ㶣ͷ̧𣬷ֻǵˡ
̵ķڴһΪƫƧɽΧй·أ˵ˣҪֵֻͲ濴Χʲô
ɴʱѾҹվ˸ôټĺ粻Ϯǽһ¶˲
һûס͵ش˸
תͷһۣû˵ȴֵͲ˹ȥ̵ķرһȦ
ţ۵׵ɻˣ̧ͷҪ˵ЩʲôЩа̷ر˺üȦ֮Ŷһ˻֣ɡ
һ⻰æȥȥɲǣȴֱӽֵͲŻҵңʲôĵط̵ķû˶Ľӡ֮⣬Ҳûĺۼ
һ⻰ʱֵͲһգĴߣ͵ط֣ĹѨΧĲУҺĺۼ֮⣬ûĺۼ


342 ף
رҪһãôأ
Ǽ˲Ų콫£ĺۼôܻô챻
ˣ֮󣬶̵ĹʲôֽţҪڸǡеĺۼȥȴ̫ɾɾһ㲻ձ˲̤ķǰ
㲻ãĽӡ֮⣬ûۼ𣿡
ɵãҵ˾⻰һɫʱһƺҲôһ£æֵͲϸµ̵ķرһȦ
վԭأľٶû˵ȴһǰվŸˡ
Ҽ˵˲䡣㱻ŵĽ˳ȴڷƾɲǣæƾ˦˸ʵı顣
ƾȴһЦݣ֮ȥ
ҿӵĶЩͷ̧ɻĿһۣʵڿʲôǿʲô𣿡
æҡͷ˵ûУֻǾǰӵЩأˮЩʧ
˵⻰ҿɲſڿӣƬӵЩ̫أӰ˴ķˮ
ǹֱôصȻĳĶŨĿһתһǰӣû˵ȴҵ̷֣صĺߣСĵ˾䣺̵ķظò뿪֮󣬱˿ΧŻôɾɣ
һ⻰ҡͷһӦòɣȴָָѵһ͹ĵطֱ֮ӶȥƲɾ͹ǿضϵĻĶ
汻ŵһѲӣӺ£ᶼûȻƾǰʱõǰѡ
ҼѲӵɲǣʱһͷˮѵ˵̵ķأı˿ɿ̷صˣΪʲôҪѲﲻߣһôԵĺۼɲ뱻Ƿô
ӱ֮ƲɾĻңʮȿһ飬ŽӷŵҵУЩΪĺһ

ţҵ˵۾
֪֮ΪȽϺãܸо̵ķر˴ˣҪҪѲ̵ĹײĻڲڵ£
СżС̽
Ŀһ˵ЩʲôƾӰȴٴγƬ֮ڣֻƾҵ˵ͷ֮ʧ
Ҽ״ĵײɵֹһ䡣
ƾҵͷ˼ǸҿԿ
ΪʲôҪ̵ͬĹײģΪʲôڰӡ
ǼЩٴ𣺡ţô
ұ͵˼εĶЦЦ˾䣺ð̵ķأͬ⿪ѾǴ󲻾ˣҪȥǲЩ̫ã
˵⻰ʱҵᣬŸ䣬һ϶ʱһΣʵ˼ȥ𣿡
˵ģԼ̫뿪̵Ĺײģֲ̫ȥһʲôʬ岻ô죿
ɾɻɲǣƾ͵Ժ𣺡ȥڡ
˲䣬װһЩΪģ˾䣺Ҳֻˡ
ɫ̫ÿǺײĵʲôĶ֣˵Լô죬̫ȥףر뽫̵ķظ򿪣ɵúݺһҧֵͲŻҵУĲӽӹ̾һ˾䣺ðɣڡ
˺һվһߣĿڷصĶ
ɱӽСȴĲУֻ⡱һӲ˹ײİ棬󽫲һĽײİϵĳƲ޵Ĺ餶ʱҵǰ
餳ֵɲǣҹ˹ָͷ㲻𡣡
µɲǣţߵĸǰͣ£ȴû˵
ƺʲôҪ˵ģֲ̫˵ڣ˺ü죬ֶû³
󣬻ҿڵײˣôѽ
֧֧Ҳ֪˵ʲôȴ³һ˵ʲôײİӣ
һ⻰Ƕ˶䣺ײѰѹײĶĸǵĶӰεܿ𣿡
䣬æ£СĿĶӣ˺þãȴûѶŪְĿתҡ
Ȼεĺܺãȴǲѿ
ѹûԼײģһֱҪȥײġ
̵ĹײġȥЩ̫ðɣ
ĿֵɲǣһԸĵ˾䡣
̾һ֡ԡſ˿Ķӣ˺þãûֱӰѲӲڹײİϣײĸˣ
󣬻վһԶЩȥˣҪվһԣȥ׵ɲǣƾȻٴҵԺ֮У𿪣
һƾ⻰ʱһ㶣ͬ⿪صҿ׵⵽أ
ɵãĵСһ䣺Ϊʲô
ƾȴûκδ𸴣ûֹƵģֹĺۼûС
һֱʲôҺüζڷҲ̲סˣ˾䣬ҪشȴȻʲôƵģҼǵ֮ǰ˵ţͩģоƾǵİȻ̵Ĺײĸ
ƺû뵽ʱȻʳôһ仰͵һ㶣죬仰²
ģҵ۵ףȴǼӾҶĻɣ
Ȼһ𣬾һܺߣҪҺѰѵģ
һĻҪңͼˣǹһƻǵģôأ
Ǽ۵׵ɻԽԽŨһʱҲЩˣæ˾䣺ⲻǷ̵ķر˶ˣҲЩż뿴˭Ĺ𣿡


343 ó
һ⻰ĵ׺Ǻȴװŵ˵ͷڵ㿪е㲻̫ҿ̵Ĺײġ
һ⻰ɫ΢΢һ䡣Ҫ˵Щʲôʱ򣬶ȴһ͵ؽĿһתȴʲôû
ƾȴʱٴҵĶԣ̷ص֪򲻿̵ĹײģŰǧȥף
ƾ⻰ʱһ㶣ӶʱЩתˣ
̷صôܰȱ˵һ˯֮ⶼǴһ𣬾ոҼʱҲǴ¥ķġ
ȵȣ
ѵ˵¥ǹģȥ̷صй¶ˣƵ¥ķصҼô
ĻʮĻˣ
Լ̷صģ⽫ʰôɾһѲӣԼ·װԼʲô֪飬Ƶģ
ƾ֮ԻҴӷҼʱ򣬾͸˳һֱڱһһ
Ҿ̵ķأԿĺãһҴĴײŪô죿
Щʮֵϸ塣
⻰˵൱һʱҶЩ֪Լʲôȥˡ
֮᲻֪̹ײʲô̹ײĶرõġԲŻ
Ҫ˵ЩʲôΧ͵ǴһɧһĽŲʱҶ͵ҽͷһת˴ŲǸȴλƤӹƻţԭһС
Ҳ֪ǲɺϡס¹⾹ʱ£˵ӰĨӰĴżʡ
λŵļϣſһֻë׵ĻƤӣһүģſǵļצӡ
ƤӻԽΪԽߣëԽǷףд˵˵ƤӵëһȫףǾҪٻ˳ɾĽ࣡
ǻƤӡҶ𣬴żֺ£ֲǰƤ˹Żô»Ƥӡ
˵˵ţĿһתĵĿһۣС˾䣺֮ǰпЩƤӹƻͩ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ûУҳʱʲô˶û
Сֹ˾䣺ǾˣĸǱƤӹƻߵģڶˣƾ;ȥ
ûش͵ؽһԣ˲ݴ֮ڡ
˵ЩƤӹƻλſǾָʹģЩʲôֻƤӻλŴһھļƻ֮ڣܻܲļƻ
ҡ
һָоŪЩǹģ
ΪʲôƺܿҾ֪ˡ
ݴԵɲǣٶЩ㶣ƺûΪʲôôĿһۣȴû˵
ڲݴһᣬλߵǰݴ͵ĸվ˹ײĵĸǱϡ
ֵǣҼҳʱλûκζ˿ȴһյǳӵ͵ơ
͵ҿſţе죬ֻ˲䣬ӡˡһǱʲôһȭƵģ͵𡭡
յƣɲͺ¥¥ŵ͵һģһ
ѵ˵֮ǰѾȥ¥
СĴ뿴ûȴûӰղųֹƾҲ˼Ƶģû¶Ӱӡ
ҪĿڣֳ̬ȴĲУ
ҪѰ˼ԼˣƤӸסӦ𾪵ĲУֱӳȥ
ôһ㷴ӦûУ뿴һ
ɵãСһ䣺ͲλŵİοڱƤӹƻˡ
һɫ΢΢һƺŷԼķӦЩʵˣ͵ʿˮεĶҵ˾䣺˵ǻƤɱǱȽϿ죬ҾǱȽϿ죿ҪҶ˵ȥˣں𣿡
һ仰˲佫ԼԲ˻Ҳòر˵
λվڹײϵĸǻûʲôɫȴɵԽԽţҲ֪ڵλŵİοԼҲԼŴ¶ţʼˡ
һֽͼһֽžҵö壬ȻҲһŵĶһߣ˼ȴƮ˾ϣرҪ֪
Ҳ֪ǲǾܵе˼öеİʱȻһůҵġ
ҶʱЩ죬͵̧ͷһȴ־ƾվһԵҡ
һԵһֱעҵһһҽĿתȥûһʱҲĿת˹ȥ
ֻѽתͷ˲䣬ƾѾ
һèţҶʱһһ䣺Լûҡ
ңԴ֪һеľҲ˲٣ûǰҺͺˡ
ʱλվڹײıϵǺȻˣ˺ü͵Ʒ˹ײĵĸ֮ϣſǼϵĻƤӶʱ˲䣬λžĳŹײ¹
ˣҰ㲻İ
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ʱ̴һȺƤӳݣ˾Ĺײġ
˿̣λűƤӹƻ̵ķǰݣΪʲô
Ҫ̵֪ĹײѾ¶˳ûʲôײĿҾĹ¥£˻ˡ
һʱ䣬Щ͸ⳡˡ
ֵǣλŽƷ£µɲǣҵһ¶һĨóѵЦ⡭
ô£


344 
ֻ˲䣬λŵﴫһƵӲӲ߳ݡ
ǿе裬Ҳǵһˣ֮ǰǸЩƣЩͬﲻͬ
λſеԽ۵׵̰Խʼζ۵ʮּ
ҵͷһۣЩҡȴڿɲǣ־ƾֳǰң۵׵ɫʮƽƽлżְοұ̫ˣһ£
״ҵǽĵĨĿתǰλš
һǵĿѳǱƽڿµĹײ͵ؿʼζʲôڹײ棬ŹײĻζϷײ
λſеĸԽԽĲ㶼ҪӲݶվһ˫ŹײģȫȻԼѾ¶ţ
ֻߡ
ڸԼ¶ĿģѾﵽˣ
ֻ˲䣬صöڹײĽϵĹײĶӾʱ͵شӹײ䣬ֱ˵صס
ֻ顱һײĸ͵뿪˹ײģֱӷ˿Уڿ˺һᣬ˵ϣݺݲ
ЩԶҲ̫ܿײ浽ʲôɹڹײĸϵλȴڿ׵˲䣬ʧƵģ͵ص˵ϡ
ֻƻǵĻƤͲ֪٣ΧʱһƬûκζ
˫߬ĺܽƺϳ嵽ײıϡȴһֱţֱȷΧû˵ʱŴӲݶվ𣬸˶һԵң͵ؾͳŹײıȥ
Ҫȴվ˲䣬ֶĲݶһĨ͵Ӱɫ淴Ź⡣
ޣɫ˴˵ӶʱӲݶվƺҲײĶ
ұվ˲һû뵽˾Ȼ׷һôǿȵķ֮£ĵǱ壿
ֵǣôҪײ棬õײĶȴϷƵģվӣûκζŶվһԿ̵Ĺײģ̧ͷҶصķ
˼Ҷˣ㻹˼𣿡
˴ҲײסˣսͼݺһҧֱӴӲݶվû˵
վ˲䣬ҲƵվԭأֱӳ̵Ĺײȥ
˶˹ײ棬Ӷû¶ȴеںҿ
Ҳ֪˴˵ôģղվԭزҳŹײĵķһߣˣҲ˹
ҵ۵׶ʱһĨ裬Ƶʡ
ֱҿ˹ײģվ˹ײ棬ȴ͵رײĵµĶһ
ײ̵ʬ壿
еģֻһúܽǻģеͼ
ͼȴ˿ûҪ뿪˼ǱͼڹײɵЦֱҿ˹ײıϣ͵ңһûӦ˲䣬óһлҵüģȡһüѪֱӵͼ档
Ѫͼϵ˲䣬Ŀжʱ˼ĨЦ⣬ڿлص
㵱ɵأ˴壬ǧ˳ԼȻǴ壬ܹ˾ΪλܹٿͼˣΪʲôͼ׳ԼԼ𣿡
żͼ̰ȴԼĿı¶ţ
ұ⻰ǰȥǾͼǰȴ͵˼ӰҶ֮ǰֱӳȥ
λţҵѪͼ֮ǰȻҵǰΪֻֽˣ
Ҷӣֽ˼𣬷ֻֽϿĸֽ֣ﻹδɢĲл档
Ҫû´Ļͩ£ǵĻȴƣӡֽ֮ڣײĵ˲䣬Ѿ˳ֽǵĻǸɢ
ҲǺԼõͼ֮ǰ;ʲôʣͼ֣ͲҪˡ
ĵЩˣȲ˵Ҫ̷ͼƾӦ˵ڵ˴ޱɫˣأ
̫࣬ȫµı㽫£ݺݵƷһԣץ˴Ŵͼӵ˲䣬𻨣
ҲûãڼͼʱһԼѪͼҵԼһ𣬳֮⣬ûκ˿Կͼ
ץס˲䣬㲻£ǿЦޱȡ
ҪҪͼҲ͸㣿
Ļ䣬ЦŽǾͼ̧Цӯӯߵǰ
ȴǣһĵ̫ͼֻŻ
仰һҵĶԣҵɫʱһѹô׵İͼ͸ңԭͼòˣ
⼸أ
ɫӲֻǶ̶̼룬֮ұŽԼͼó˦˦
⼸ͼ۵̰ȴܿȥˣû˵
ӣõͼģ⼸ͼôãҲûԼܲõˣԲûͼְɣ
ݼɱȹ޸߶ˣ
Ͼûеõʲôȴֱҵһͼ
룬ף
Ȼ˴𣬴ҺĶԻ˵Ŀ⣬һʱ䶼ۼϡ
Ұͼ㣬ѻøң
˴£ȴꡱһЦˣûش˴ֱӽץŵ˹ȥ
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붪˴ǰ˲䣬˴ĿһһŰᵽһߣ˳ƽ
ͼҲֵ޼۵ġ
Цſڣ۵׵ɫᣬ˸²͸Щʲô
ͼͻز˾ʮݣ¾Ҫˡ
˴۵͵ѹȣͳһͼ
ҪûĻ˴ͳͼǾɣ
ټѾģһģֻһܻ˾ˡ
벻˴־ãȴѡˣ
ܹյˣ
˴µ˲䣬ֱЦˣЦ֮󣬵˴˾䣺ǲǵãҺ˵㲻
仰䣬˴ɫ͵һ䣬뷴ֵ˾䣺ڻǲ֪ʲô𣿡
˴ɫЩѿһŭѹѹʵʲô
㿴İˣͺҸܸٶ࣬㶼ò㽫ȫ綼͵ǰ㻹ãá
벻˵ɫܱȴ¶˴δйů
վһԵңһͻĸףʱ㶵ֱӽԭأ
Ǹڱˣ˵Щν黰ҪôҪôҲȥ˵ȴκʱĸ㣬ߡ
˴һ⻰ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҳ֪Щʲô֮ʣأ
УΪΣ
⻰һ͵ؾͳžķȥ˴ȴŭˣҳž뷽ȥ˲䣬ֱӳҵķ˹
ҵɲǣлƮ˴һ䣺ûô޴ô΢İռУֻҪҵģߣҪϵҶժ
⻰˲䣬Цˡ
ЦĺᣬܵȴЦ˲䣬һ˲ƣҵߣ§뻳С
ҵĿ⣬ʮļᶨ˴Ŀ⣬ȴŨŨĳλߵ̬֪ΪжܽףֻܹۣҪõˣǾǰˣණǽײ˵ġ


345 뿪
˴󣬲ûκλӦǽͼУ͵ͼһָĿޱȼᶨĿ룺һΣͼ

ӼᶨеĳŪˡ
Ȿǵս˿ȴ˴;ս⼤Ļ𻨲һУѹȣ˶Щ͸
ͼټҰҵһͼ
û뵽ǣŭ˴ȻʱЭˣһ
ûκλظ۵׵ĳŪ˼֡
ͬ𣿼ͼذٹ¼ܻ˾ʮ־ˡ
˴дżֲ죬ȻǾ뷽ź˵Ļֶûȥ
Ҳǣÿÿ˵ĳɳ˼붼һôܻôı䣿
˴ȻռУõǰô뷨͸ٹ޷ıˡ
Σ뵹ûκλӦ˴ˣЩ۶ˣݺݵĿһ۾룬ŭ˲ŷ˳ϵħֹסĳ·һ룬ܽ
ҵֺܽȴȻޱȣһʱ俴͸뵽Ҫһ룬Χȴ͵شһҶƵɳɳڶ·һ룬ܽ˴ħǡ
ѵ˵
ˣ
ҶʱЩ죬컹ûȴ͵رң˲˺üףֱ뿪ԭء
˴״׷ϣȴһӰס˲Ĳ
ƾأ
뱧ڻУȻһ֮һЩƾûϣ⻰Ÿ䣬ƾǳҪҵĶ
ôˣһûôˣ
һƾ⻰ʱֱӷ˸ۡ
ãҰˡ
ƾѾıȴСǿǿҪҲأ
ûڶ໰ҽĿһתǰ·ȴ͵ط֣ǰķôеǳŴߣ
뿪
Ҳһ룬볶˳ǲûӦңƾ˵뿪ʱֵҪû´Ļֵˣǻ֪ݵλߣĿģΪ˴ͼΪ͸ɶ
һƾ⻰֮ſңô£
˵⻰ʱҵܿ죬Щ壬ϾԼʲô֪㱻ˣתָоܵĲУ
ƾҵĻ죬Ҫشȴıϡ
ңǼʱ򣬾;֣رǵ˵ҽҳõѣһɵ㡣
˵ͨԽӴȦӣ˴壬Ϻڲѿһ֮⣬Ѿ˳ϵļǿĸеʿܹյ
ңУܿҰģ˶ɵĿ֮⣬Ŀ
ʣһȲҪԼǿˣôܻ뱻˳ȣˣֻأ
ԣƾͶ϶ӽңһĿģҪû´ĻӦþΪͼ
ʱͼûľһϱصòˣ֪䣬ȻֻܸǣӽȥѰͼ
Ҫû´Ļʱľƾûֱ˵Ҫ壬ֱҳĻһЩʲôԼڡ˼䡱ұôż
û뵽ôҰģȻƾţֱһӣſ¡
ǰҵƾ˺£һͼŴãȴûͼģϸ
ֻһ˵ĸףѾˣʱڸҡ
仰û⣬ɵƾҵļ￴̵Ĺ餣Ȼͷ⣡
Ϊʲô壬֪ΪʲôʧûǸȥ顣
ɹ̹ײĵ飬ȴǻ˼ȥ顣
ԣǰգ˵̵ʬڹײթʬһĻ
ϣ˵⻰ڽʵϣȴ̽
Ϊģʹһææϣҿ׿һ棬ĵĸײ
֮ܿԻôææϣͺײֹϵ
ԣ˯뿪ȥ̵Ĺײģ򲻿ײģС·¥·
뿪ʱƾڵ˯ȴڴ·һš
д˸ٻƤӳдûƤȥǸײģõͼ
һеһеȫ˵ͨˣ
ЩɵðԸ̾һ䣺屻ƵĻۣȱһɣ֮ǰզûҲǸ˲Ű
ں˴ͼʱʵǲģΪѹûҪͼ
λصĲУ˭֪ΪͼͼĹ
ǵͼѾ൱ΣˣҪͼУǸ˵˰ӣߣǰͼ켯ȫˣ鷳ѽ
ԣǹⲻͼġ
ҾȥҲǸԼ˸֣˴ζǺ޷³֣һҲأ
ң֮ԻΪĴԵ޹ʵȫʧˣֲģӸ˴ġ
ټϻƤҺʱȺ˵Ĵ񻹳ˡ
Ƿǳ׵ڸǣǺ˴һȺ֮⣬˵Ĵ
⣬һʱҲ֪Ǹÿ޻ǸЦ̾һԼûк;뻹ƾΪˣôĶ֪
ͱ硭
˴һûͼһˣȴ޽˵ͼĵĲУȴ֪ԼˣðǮ
ţѾˣ˴ʱȻҲߵ帽ϡ
ЩİǰûһʱЩ棬Ĵƾȴֱ⸽˼õס£ס֮ƾȥһˣҲ֪ȥʱһ
ĶЩӣкڹѪƷֽɰңֻĥĿ˵
һƾЩɵóһ䣺ӴȥֱҪ˰
ƾûңһۣȴʱӴóŴ׷ŴҲ֪ŪģȻģڵðء
ǰҪˣ𣿡
Ŵ׷ó֮ƾЦŶҵ˾䣬Ķ˰ۡ
ȴֱӴӿڴͳ˰СֻѪڴ̨űϷ˵ֱ֮ӽ⼦ͰкңҰ⼦ȥˡ
һ⻰ʱһ㶣ƾ㵽ﰡŪô߰Ķָȥ㶪
ǲǻԼٱ¶˸ٰ
û룬ƾʱĻһ
󣬵ЩɵۣȴҲƾЩ벼˵Ϣء
ʱңҲ͵˵λ߾ͨسԣŶݼף֮ѧ֮ܶڰ֪һУôΪ
뵽Ҳû˵ֱӽƾͰӹܵõ¥£ڸ˸Ͱּˡ
ֵ£ȴʱˣ
ֻͿˣֱƾ˺ӦֱӾ˲ŶԣҽͰɲǣȻĴͰż
һûע⣬һ͵غ˼Աߵĵذϡ
ֻȻڴɳ˲䣬˵ذϣﻹ߰˼С
һһλ˼ˣЩ죬ߵһ䣺СզͰ


346 ƾ
ұ⻰ʵһʱ䶼Щ˵ˣվԭ㶣ӦɲǣεЦЦ˾䣺ֻ˲ҪáΪˣû뵽ôл
һ˾䣺ͦϧġ
֮Ҳû˵ʲôֱˡ
ֻȴվԭزˣһ˫ֱĿңرԣҺһۣĵ׿һæץߵ˸ԶͰֱӶȥͰĸӸϡ
˵ġ⼦ûҰˣǳģô˵Ҳһ
ҿ⼦˵Ŀ⣬ܾҪǲˣǵùľҺƾˡ
һУһͷ͵ط֣ԼզôԶҪԼļԺõ㣬ҵȥ·ƶܳΪ·նˡ
صƵʱƾƾúһУһ鱻۳εĻƷֽõҵš
ҽƷֽӹ˵࣬ȴ˲ٺĻҳŻһѪζҲ֪ƾҵĵЩʲô
ɵãС˾䣺ʲô
ʲôѽ¡ƾ̧һųҪĶҵ˾䡣
ֱӶ˸ۣû
ƾȴʱָҵŻƷֽջõķģݹɲǣСĶҵ˾䣺ڹһȥҸոûá
ҿһۡ͵ؽŻƷֽӹִֽŵĽǰǱ۳εĻƷֽ֮ŽĿһת˿һֱû˵ľ룬Сĵ˾䣺ǽô죿
̧ͷһۣ˵һʱ䣬֣ڰ
ž⻰Ҫش𣬾ȴֵ˾䣺ܸоλ֣߳һͼҲԶˡ
һ⻰ʱ㶣ɫЩٳûзӦ
һͼҲԶˣ˼ǣһкܿҪ
˺ķ˲Դ˿ССõȻһ˯˵ڶ硣
û֮ǰ䷿ǿһ󴲷Ա߼һСƾ˯
Ϊһ𴲵ģȴû뵽۾һԱ㴫һСĺ
һ㱻һҪ֪˯ǲģ
͵أҾͽڴ־Ѿûڴˣ͵شӴĿһתȴƾǺһ˯գŮĲе˯ˣ
˯˵һ˲䣬һЦʹҵĿдȴҺݺһҧ
͵ؽͷϵֻ𣬶ƾ˯˾ʮȡǡһȦ̲֮סЦ
ƾǱЦѵģʱɫܻţһ˫ʮֵɣȻû˯ѡ
ңӴһ۵ĵһ仰ȻĴ³һ䣺ǲǵˣǲǵˣ
ұͱƾ˯׵òУ˿̱仰ǶֱԭЦ
֮ƾǴ˯оѣ͵شӴ𣬶һͷȵеͷһĿҵ˾䣺ЦʲôǲǿСү˯ö˧
һ⻰ҧЦš˼֮˾䣺˧ر˧˧붼
һ⻰ĶҪɵȥˡ
ȴʱĽֻӿڴһͣǰǲͦ˧ģ
ƾǱĲеЦݣʱԭأһҵֻ˺þã͵طУûⶰ¥ˡ
Ҫɱ㣡
ҵǻǣֻɲǣѾĵ˷䣬ƵķŸ
һţһ߹ЦһתͷҪ¥ȥҾ룬ȴ͵ײһǽûҵԴĳһ
ﻹ˻һСĵ˾䣺Ӳ
⻰Ÿ䣬һɵī͵شҵıǼ⣬ǴżɳεҵĶģӲ
һŵķԵĺһΪ⧲Ŀľţƾȴʱǡôţײֱſ˵ذϡ
һ»ûӦû뵽ƾ汻һƨ棬ﻹ˾䣺õȻǸСϵķǳˣذͦõ
û뵽ǣ⻰Ÿ䣬ƾҧгݵ͵شƨɵ

ӽ쿪ʼҪƲ
ҪһˣһɱǱģ
һƾ⻰ŵæӵذɲǣ»СĵĲƾһţƾ۵ĲϴУЩ־úЦһʱ沿ḻĲС
һֱľ룬ʱ˳ǣƺҲЦˡ
ҴĿ˾üֱۣ˷䣬Ķߵ˷ϣŷӦ
ôȻôյĿ˾ôá
Ҫ
ƾȻǿҸղŵĿ⣬ӵĿһۣϸûš
ұ⻰͵ؾתͷһۣ죬һ䣬ȴһһ׵ٴηЦ
ƾһЦƺҲЩԾ͵ؾͳŲķȥ
顱һűƾŲŹϣƾɱ͵شҶ
һƨĻˣ
ұ˵һ㶣һߵ˲ǰָָƾ˾䣺ⲻͦÿ˼ŮĻҪױأʡ֬ˮ۵Ǯ
ƾ⻰Ķǲϳ鴤Ҽ״̾һ۵Ŀһۡ
ȴиɲǣ͵Ʋң嵽˾ǰƵģž˾䣺ұ۸ˣ


347 
ƾµɲǣֹסĳ鴤һ£ȻǱƾŵˡ
󣬾ֱһƿƾҵ߽ڡ
ƾĲԭȴӲȥڳһСϱģ˾
ŽӣȻĿתң̾һ˾䣺Ѱ¡
һ⻰ʱһ㶣æǰҵİ˳ӹֱ֮ӽƾϣƾԼš
ƾһϵɲǣҲһ㶣֮ǳĽⶫԼϡ
ֻƾ׵ھ£ۿɼٶȻʼ
𣬾˰
֮ƾָԭ㽫İ廹룬뾹ĵĵ˾䣺ôо㻹ǸղǸ˳һ㡣
뻰䣬ƾһЦıȿ޻¾ڰ֮ǰӡ
ʵ֤ˡ
һѽİӹŻԼԣĴӴ򿪡澹žӨ͸Ƥߣ
ûȾ뿪ڣѾ²µ˾ͼҪݣô
൱İ֮ǰʦҩ衣һŴϼݣαװԼ
ɵʱҩݵģ˿ȴǾóƤߡ
Ƥߺ棬ľǴ˵ӲƵģĲУ
㲻ɱ˰ɣȻվһԵƾԾĿڣȻҲûôߡ
ɾȴû˵һţøƾһŸңͷҲصֱ߽˲Һƾվԭط㶡
ԭط˺һᣬǷӦʱ򣬾ѾһʮİӲ˳
ϵϢͱѹ͡ǶȺУֻҪˡ
Һ;һôãô˽˿̿ӣҪ֪Ǿ룬һ治ϡ
ֱ֮ƾһţƾȥƤߣ֮󽫷һԵĿȪˮƿ򿪣ԼĪһƿǵˮˮֱӵƤ̧֮ͷ
ʶ̧ͷֻžһһճĶֱӱҵϡ
ҽŵıֻۣоڵϵƤߣúۿ
ûоӣҿԼڳʲôԼȴó
˵ҵƤ㲻رãҲôûôڰɣ
ȥĸоʲô档
ԺȻŵһ룬ƾֱӴӲ˳ɾӲ߳˲䣬ֹסֱЦ˳
⵽ƾ
˵ƤرĴڣôƾرĿˡ
ԼĪһװ˶࣬ȴһʮСɣرŮ˵
رŮ˵ϣ˺ӣҪžжţƾӲ߳ʱı飬ҲһԹӣȻǱĲУֲҷ롣
Ц˼֮æӴ͵ƾֱ˳ϲŵһ˲䣬ֱˡ
ôģղž;þҵǲںӵһֱӱ׵ĲУ
ôǴֲݵģһӣһӣŨüۣͻر⽿СӣҪ֣ж֡
ƾԼϣûʱЦңղžͲЦƾҳ˰ɣ
̾һӲȴƾһԭأСĵ̧ͷ͵͵ž롣
ѹûƾǽĿתҵλãҴӲҹȥ
ҹȥ֮󣬾뻹һ˷һ֤
ǰͷǳôŪڻóֱ֤ӻΪˣ
һûסֱӿʾ룺ôŪ
Ĭûشҡ
ֽ˾䣺òĴ˵ϰİѣ
벻ǣ뾹šҺƾŵֱһƨɴӴûֱܵȥϵƤ߸˺ˣ
ɾҺƾ֣Ƥ֮ϣ뽫Ƥȴ͵ط֣Ƥ߾ǺҵںһƵģôҡ
룬˵˵Ƥߵģҿϸܵ
ƾһһ˵۵൱档
仰ָǻϵϢ˸Уο˾ʮأ
ġ
뵭ڣ˿ûԼϵƤǴʲôס
ɾұĵĲеʱƾһ⻰Ȼ˲٣̾˿˾䣺⻹ࡣ
һʱЩףƾƤߣ㲻ģ
ƾȴʱֱӶҷ˸ۣһĵ˾䣺ãԾôˣ𣿡
仰˵Ĳ̫ףȴ˼
˼ǣ˵Ƥģʵûϵ
뵽⣬ȴ֣Լһ벻ף
һֻһƾһʱȥŪƤߣ
ңֻȥôһ֮£
ҲŰһʣ뾹֣Գǡ
ԳѾܾûгˣ˼ƵģʧҵþãȻ벻Ȼڱǡ
ȻǹԳڱæһУǿ˵Ŀˡ
ϾƾȻǿ󣬵ܶ飬˻Ӧϡ
ɵã̾һݺݵİ˾ƾһۣСĵ˾䣺컹湻ܵġ
ûشңֽ˾䣺ô죿


348 
룬ҵĻ䣬ƾӵĿһۣ˵˵ôôأ񣬻ȻҪر
رҶʱһ㶡˵һΪļ˴һء
˵ȫˣûһˡҪֱӻصڸ˼ңҺ;ƾ˭˭˭ô
õ˺һᣬŽг꣬þŪ֤˻Ʊ˳㻹װ㳯Żȥȴ͵ϼˡ
ֻ˴ޣɫˣǱĲУǴõ¥ɲǣֱǲ
˲䣬˴ͷһۣŵĲЩӲˡ
Ҳֻͷһۣû˶һ治֪ôźá
ֱ뿪õ꣬ȷû˸ϣСĿڣ˾һ˴Ǹմ𣿡
뵭ͷûпֽ˾䣺ôԱ֤ǻرҲȥ
ƾһۣǡĵ˾䣺£ûء
仰һƹ͵ҵԴϣҴѡ
ǰ黹ûأüҵѪµǾͼʱ򣬾Ѿעڸ
٣ڽ⿪ͼĵ޽֮
ֻ˴ǺλߴսһҲ߶ߣ˴ͼͱǾ
ȻĻǻرʲô
ûڶ롣ʱѾžƾ̤ǰķɻ
˱֮󣬾ƾû֮ǰһѡǼΪľƵţн鹫˾˸ⷿס¡
ƾĻ˵ǣסƵ꣬õ̫ҡӣٻøƯԼ
ⷿ֬ͬԺӲʮף̨һܼһпһ
λŶϰʬ壬ʧһ̲ںɫѪԺﻹЩңѿԺѾһСʱ˾ס
Ҫ֪Ժӹ죬¥¿ѰԺӣ͹ϵһ飬ôôһʮֹӵԺ䡣
ڱ˺ü죬û˴ǵİëǮӰλصߣҲûгֹ
ңҲĿһ̨յĿԺĶ˿һûͲٿڶˡ
⼸죬ƾҲûţĴⱱ˴ֵͬطҹ䣬ֱǹˣǼ˻ûӰЩסˣ
ʾ룬ȴڿڵʱ򣬽ìͷָƾǻã
˴һװƵı˱۾ûشңϵǱ飬ֱǷᣡ
شңȻֻȥʾ룬ѾģҪʾɲǣƾ˲ĵĿڣ˾䣺ôֲ֪ɡ
һ⻰ߵĺһݺ߬ȭͷֻûƾֱӴһˡ
ȴӣѰޱȣһתһڶȥˣڵĶ־Ϊһ̲ˮԺӻëûҼĶҶˡ
һԵƾˣһ䣺治˵㣬ⱩƢãĻںӱ㶼ܸȥ
һƾ⻰ȻǱǺЩƾ˵Ļֺγģ
СƢҪûƾ;룬ƶԻһɣ
Ҳ֪ǲԽԽж죬ԺڳϤӰ
ֻ˲˴ޣɫǣλصߡ
Һ;ƾˣ˴ߣôԼС죬ԶʮǵĿԺһС
߻Ǻ֮ǰһں֮ǰһǣ֮ǰֵʱϣȴǰ졣
ϣǽس嵭˲١
λߣڴһ߿ԺӣһֱֽӶԺһ͵ؽԺӵĴŹϡ
ڸ̫ԶڽʲôһЩϰԶȴҸоޱȵϤ
λߣĺʶҹϵرá
Ҿ벻˭Ҳ㶼Զˤˣ
벻ǣԺ֮λֱǸԺľߣһţֱӰȥ㲻档
һô򵥴ֱĶɵЩ㶣Сʾ룺ͲֱӴӾˣ
û뵽뾹ŵĶҡҡͷ˾䣺ʮǰܡ
Ļ䣬ŽĿתֵͲ棬ɾҵĿתֵͲɲǣҷ֡
λ߾Ȼ߽֮Ҳֱȥ
⾮ڲСȴܴ˵ԶȻôԶһʱֵͲ
Ҽ״ȻǱĲУ
һڣò׿֣ôôûˣ
һСĿ˾ƾ⾮ºûʲôɣȥҪ
벻ǣ仰һ꣬ƾԴĻҾ䣺˭˵û¿бأ
ʲôһʱɴۡ
ƾȴұȻһײĵ״üë˵һװʬĹײģǲǱ
еʬָʬ塣
ɼȻ;֪ʬʬǱҲµǻصԺöΪʲôһʬŪ
Ҹհһʣƾ˾Ƶģ˭ûشң˰ڳһЦޱȸɫ
Ѳ³Ѿ׼Բ޼ɵɣ
ȻԼĪʮ֮λߴӾ˳
ɲǣûõԼҪĶĲУûһֱӴϡ
˿̵һСϱ˿ҷ
жҽУҧһߵ˵ϣڵɪɪ
һ˿ģɵ̾һ
˱Ʊۡ
Ӳ
ڱˣôǰȴƨҷš
ýǸûйƵģͼʹãûϾð˺Ụ̫̃ôһգǵ͹Ƶģһźڷڡ
ڳⷿڣԶζλȴȻͣ˶ͷ̧ĴһȦҲ֪ʲôȻĿͣ⡭
ҺߵľЩԶݵĿ⣬ȴֱӽҿĺ󱳷
һԵƾɫЩѿСֹһ䣺ǸòǱ˷˰ɣ
ҽԶջأ̫ȥߵĿ⣬תͷƾ˾䣺ҲоǲǱ˷ˡ
ģǡ
ʱ뵭ڣɫʮƽһֲֿ´ӣƽĲС
ǻ˭ƾ˳žĻڣ˾䡣
ɾȴûش𣬷صЦˡ
ٽԶ뿴ߺʲôʱߺӰѾʧԺӾͺƴûƵģٴλָ
ȴûʹ˷ǼԶһעΧһС
һСʱ֮󣬽ͬһЩˣ뽫ԶÿȥӣҵڣȴĨϤӰ
ĨӰֵɲǣҼæͷԾƾ˾䣺ҿ˭
ƾĲУæ˹ң˭
ɾȴɳϺĲ裬ûж֪˵˭
ѵ˵֮ǰ˵ģֵĲǣˣ˼ǳǹ۲֮⣬һƥ
Ҳ˴ޣɫ
ûڶ룬ҽĿתԺӣȴҲ߽Ժ
һʱҵĺʱ


349 
ƾҲʱԶҵıϣһרעĿԺӡ
ֻ˴ɫˣһԺӱû˵͵سǿھȥ˲ûֱ¾ھ߿˿֮ߵԺеé֮УҲ֪Щʲô
֮˲Ŵé˳ʱ򻹲ӣҲ֪ǲéζţԺһᡣֱַԺļӴ򿪣һһ顣
ֻҿôԶҲ֪ǽǼӵʲôǳ⼸ӣȴֱߵ˾ϣھתӴһȦ֮󣬹˾Уɫ漴ϣ˴ȴûëǮվԭ˭Ҳ֪
Զ⿴˺þãԼĪСʱ֮󣬱ɫ͹޻ûӾƾȴʱȻڣĿһת룬С˾䣺Ȼȥ
Ϊ벻ȴ󾹵˵ͷû˵ֱӴ¥
ⷿ㲻£Ҳ㲻ϾɣǼǳͨĳݣΧסŵȴܼ߻ӵģź;ƾ˴СӭľȻλصߣ
̧ͷߵɲǣŵȲ㶼˺󱳷ĲУҪǾߣҹƶܱ
ڡʱҺȻԼôѾݻôˡɶ
뵽⣬Ҷʱֱͦҡˣǰߡ
ɾ˺߲ɲǣߺȻͣǲϣ˻Ƶ˵ȵȡ
䣬Ǻòƽȥʱĵ˾䣺ôˣ
ǰݵʱ򣬾ҳ˱裬ҵͳ˴ֱ
ߵƽҲģǵµģֻһµɲǣֱߵ˵ǰͷ΢΢һ̧¶ǲϵ򦣬˾䣺ס𣿡
û˵뵭˵ǵġ
ʣǱˣˣ
һ⻰ʱЩţϾйôÿ˵ԼĿ˵Һ;룬ƾûʲôҲûľǻ񱱾˰
ҽŵɲǣٴοڣߡ
ʲô𣿡
ۿ˾һۣҲ֪ĵ׵Щʲô󵭵˾䣺û£ʡ
⻰һ˵ֱ̧꣬ţƺֱ뿪һ䣺ȵȡ
˵߷ǳأҲ̫йĽӴһڶĽסǣٶܸ˸оǲʲô⣿
סⶰ¥𣿡üתͷɲǣǸ۵ĿƵģֱӿڣָָסŵǶ¥
Ҫ֪С߻ӣ¥ҲرධǰйעǴǶ߳ģô֪סģ
һʱ䣬ҵɫЩߵĿ⣬͸¶һɲơ
˵ĵ׻ǶЩµģϾݱڰǣȴڻû߳СһɲǣλסҪǱˣڼƻδʵʩʱ򣬾ͱ˲ô
û˵ƾȴʱֱӲ죬ߵ˵ͷ˵ǰߣô֪סⶰ¥
һЦ˾䣺µġ
䣬ɺĿһۣû˵̧żǰߣλȴٴνסǡ
˵ģҪ֪ߺ˴ǲһģΪǲ˴֪Ҫȥǣǵ·ˡ
Ǽ˵ɫЩƣҲĨˣֱӿ˵֪⸽֬ͬ𣿡
һĻͣ½Ųͷʵ֪ôˣ
⻰Ǿʵġ
ģǹһ¡
˵ţ߾ͽ˱𴦣ʲô˵ƵģߵĴ˵ĵطſڣ֬ͬһҼҵլӣǰæܲܰҽȥø
⻰ңƾ˵Ŀ⣬¶һĨ죬̧ͷһߣʲô
ǸԺһھûˮǿڿݾҼϽ˾£һ˼Ҳ²ȥǰæ
˵⻰ʱʮֻǺƵġ
⻰һ˵꣬شƾȴüëָָ˵Ĵţ˾䣺ţ㿴ҲǴ˶԰ɣģꡭ
ƾĻЦЦʮа˾䣺ֻҪܰҰѾµĶóǿҼµĶһ˸ѡһ
һ⻰Ҳüëȴһ߽סǣƻɺϣʱھƾݵʱ򣬸Զ˱裬ִʮݣΪЧ棬Ǻü춼ûϴͷ
֬ͬС˵ǡߵ⣬ҼˡæũƵģŽסǡ
˵ģ⻰ӦϾڰӣ߼ӣ֪鱨
벻ǣ뾹Ȼ˳ǣһڻؾˣؾͷҲصĳǰȥڱôǲͷֱ뿪Χƾ̲סֱӿʾ롣
ôõĻᣬܾ
ƾʵ⻰ҲʵģԾıǻ࣬µĲɫһĵ˾䣺ǰæһûҵҪĶҸȥңһ⼸ҵûл·ûл·ҪɱǣǷֱ¶ڣ
⻰˵Ĳ޵䣬ƾ˾䣺Ƕأ


350 ʧ
ǾǱˡ
ЦŽ仰ѳƤİޱȵĿ⣬ʱ¶һĨŪЦ⡣
Һƾһ⻰˵ɫЩ̫ÿɾȴѹû·ĵƵģǣֱߵ֬ͬ
ʱѾٽҲ֬ͬΪֵһʱΣɽ˺ģΧֵĲС
˿ҪߵǼԺӵɲǡȻͣ½ŲͷһҺƾ˾䣺߽סǣֻɺϣǽԺӾɡ
ʲôɣһ⻰æʵ
ǰ棬֣̰ơ
һҵĶԣҵ˲һˣžĿⶼɵö˼־塣ҲÿǾ룬ܹΪơ
ҪǰûߣԺǻͦɵġ
ɼ֮ôö֮ĸǣԺбѰ̰Ƶˣ󲻿ûж
ҪǽԺײߣ˴һȺˣҲԺܺõѡ
ֻߵôãڿԺӡҲ֪˴ûȥ
ţѾߵǰǼҹŶſڣŶĴŽգҲ֪ʲôڳǰߣߵǼԺſڡȴ͵ط֣ԺӵĴͱ˸˿
ѵ˵˴ˡ֮ǰѾ뿪Ժӣ뿪ʱǹˣ
ңƾҲһ㶣ȻǺһ
ſڣƾ͵Ḭ̃ΣɶģżرôƤߣǺԺС͵޷϶һ
һĺ£ǵһ͵͵ƵģЩͷţֻңվԭûзӦƾҵ֣ĽĿһתҵ˳Ŀһȥ
͵ط֣߾Ȼվڽֵһ˿
ֻҪװƾôһװϾƾܵð˹Ӱ۵ˣվԣ൱׵ġ
Ĵ˿ȴû߽ȥԺһȦܵԺƫƧأҲ½ŵĵطһţֱȥ
ԼԺӵĳǽôߣȥĶЩҪƾݺһƣҹƻ
ֻұϣõƨŵأԴҳһˡ
վһԵľˣϢ˲ڵľ˭ǷƵġ
ֻܿ˻ȥĿһĵװƾ˸ˡ
ʱƾżĨ⣬ǱϴھƵһƨϵĳ𡭡
ҿۣĵĬĬͬӣȻһ磬һ룬˴Χǽˤ
Ҽ״ʵ̲סꡱһ͵شЦƾݺݵһۣҪж
˭뵽һ˲ţһĹʦƾʱģ
ҪóĳˣƶܱЦˡ
ֱӳǽһԾ£ҵЦͣһ۾룬ȴ־뾹ûֱӳžߣߵԺķ⼸䶼Ѳһ飬ûҵʲôֵǮĶŴߵ˾ߡ
ߵߵʱ򣬾ǴһԶ˿ʯӣƺǳƾԺҵóھ߰һ֮ھ
ĶǳѸ٣ҪûƤߵλãƾ붼ֱȥˡ
ֱ뵹˾£˳ӣСȥƾϡ
ѾǰޱȣûдֵͲֻֻܿԴֵͲ΢Ĺâ⾮Ѳ顣
ԵΪۼϴصҶ˸˿֮ǰܵȴӰ
ҵĶһֻ°˸ߵĺڶһɶӶ﷢Ҳ֪ⶴﵽʲô
Ͼϴʱҿûʲôڶ
µĿռֱܴռһ֮ʲôû֣ſ˶ߣҺƾ뿴һ۾룬˭û˵۵׵ʾȴԡ
ʾ룬˴ڲⶴѨ֮ڣ
ɾȴֻҡҡͷû˵󡪡
Ѩ֮ڣǰ
ҿžȥıӰ˺һᣬû̫ʲô˼ƾȴʱһţʵ㲻ȥ𣿡
ȥҽĿһתƾʵ
ƾȴʱ˾䣺㲻ã˴Ǻпܽ𣿡
СܹҸһ⻰æӣ˽ȥ
Ҳ֪ⶴʲôԽǹɶԽԽӽҪΧҷǳɾܹȷЩζǴﴫģһȥûС
ⶴãû뿪ڶɵһͣͷһƾС䣺˵ʲôô
ƾȴֱӰһۣңŲ𣿡
Ļ䣬͵صɴ˫ۣӦ
ôʺζ𣿣
ĶϣԺéӡ
ǵ֮ǰ˭˵ʬéѵ˵
ľô
ɵãǰĶѸ˼֣Ҳ֪˶ãǰڳһ⣬ŴӶ˳
˸߶Ѩʱҷ˲³ʱ۵ĲҪȴںһ룬͵ؿ˼ŨŨζǺĲС
ôˣ
ƾʱȴһ룬͵ظҿҲݣǳ
һ˵ţһߴӶߵҵǰ˸ߵĶ϶ĲУʮǱһ֮Цˡ
Ц䣬Ŀ𾪣ͬ˾䣺һأ
ȷⶴûˣûֱӺ֡
ɾ⻰һ˵꣬תͷǰⰹޱȣȻγɵĵ¶Ѩ֮͵
ⶴѨܴһиӣӵıϻиܵۻйҪû´ĻЩйǴǼԺġ
ֻЩйѾʮָɱ񣬿ӹѾܾûǸéϹˡ
ⶴѨĶϣǶ˲ʮֹӵĹŵƣŵ˵ͣϢ
ΧĶڶȻγɵģذȴ˹ġ
Ÿʽ·ϸһʲôƵģƾˣСҶ³һ䣺ûú죿
̧ͷĿһۣǺɸƵһ֮˾䣺󷨣
ƾµɲǣ͵صɴ˫ۣϸĿ˼ŵذϵ·֣ذϿŵĶ󷨵ķġ
ĲУҪû´ĻаҲмأ
͵أҽǱûóаӿڴ˳ٵķⱾ飬ȴƾһѶ˹ȥȥɲǣĲˣȴƾûⱾ飬ʾҡ
ǽۣ
ұŵҪתͷ˭ȴӲ˰ա
һڰ۲ֱ¶ˣ
Ȼûа鷭ɴ˿̵һԿ϶ذϵķģаҲмأҪҵļûĻ
аڵģʬӡİɣ
Ļʬһ⸽Ҵ˿ȴʦаصĶ֪˶಻࣡
Ҫ֪˶ĻⷶΧʹˡ
Ҫ֪˺ٵĻаʬˣһҵһŮǵڶϤˡ
ƾȻҲ뵽㣬һţֱǰһȷǳӵĹţСĸҵĶԣңãλ߻˭
ҡͷû˵ƾ;ѵûѡ𣿡
ƾȴûشңǿЦָĹ֮ϣΪҪһƿľŵɲǣȴ͵ػͷҵ˾䣺д𣿡


351 ˭ĹѨ
һ⻰Щ죬ҡҡͷ˵ûУƾôˣ
û£Ҿֿġ
ƾһ֮û˵һƿǰĹš
ǰĹŸԼסԼףȻʮֹӣĹϵķģȴ㲻İɲͺѨذķһģһ
ûڶ룬ʱƾѾƿǰĹšɾĹűƿɲǣ˶ֱԭء
ΪֱĹңǵҵĹ죬ȴû뵽治Ľ̻ԻͣȻͻĹ£
ôܣ
Ҫ֪ĹѨһ㽨ĵطɶǽΪңԶɽ֮ڣﲻǾǣǾôİ˴֮ͬһ֬ͬĵص¡
ұ˵ط˵ôһĹѨḶ́ôܻûб˷֣
ңƾƺЩû˼룬֮³һ䣺Գ˶ӣȻû˵
⻰СĽǡ˸һɵЩ죬תͷƾһۣɶ˼
û뵽ƾ˵Ȼҡһ䣺û¡
һ⻰ɵҲ֪ƾ;룬Գǻû˵ˡ
ѵ˵ƾ;һ֪иĹѨùԳˡԳûĹѨϸ˵
ǰĹѨȻĹңĹڵһţȴĳ档ܸϵ˴ĹѨˣĹѨΧ˸ʽƷͭнЩС͵ıٸ
ЩƷ涼һңƺڸߴңѾܾûƵġ
м·ϣ˵һңһϣȴ鲼˲ٽӡ֮ǰ߹·Ƶġ
ӡܶ࣬ȴңһǲֹһ˽ĹѨǺüڲͬʱҵ
ЩƷϣеĻЩӡڽĹѨ֮󣬴ǰƷ
Ĵ˼̧֮ţƾߣƷȴˡž˰Ʒˣ˴Ʒ˳Һƾ͵תͷһۣȴ֣ȻһʬƷ˳
ʬޱȣǱһʲôƵģԼܹĳһŮʬ塣
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֮˵ʬ壬Ϊµ˺ۣѾƽܹܵ˺ôصˣܻܻȥ
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ѵ˵ǰߡʬ塱Ǳɫ
Ǻ˴ǽĹѨôԼŪôǱƷ
ңǱΪ˵ʲôٲܣҲѱɫһôҵʱﰡ
㡭˭
ƾֵҶװǽһ£۵ĨЦȴҲ׽š
ƾôһӰԣҾϷû籾£ѧľǡ
ʱݣָȫϢĺͨ죬ɫȻϲǵģһ߳ǵķһ˻Ƶʵô⣿
ƾűɫǺܡ¡ӣ͵Һ˺üƷһͭװһѱɫ˹ģ
ɫҺƾô̾һܵıֳԼǺ˵ӣ۵Ĩ񣬿ȴڲϡ
ûж⡣ɫЩȻĹѨʲô£òҺƾǰֺǵݲ꣬ô⣬Ļ
شĻ֮ǰϢĶһۣ۵׶ȾһĨЦ⣬ȴ˭û˵ڶӺɲǣ͵װһ±ɫӣϵĺˣֻûȳžͷһεĴȥˡ
ûж⣬Ǳܰ
ɫģżֻ֣̿ƺرǽ³ĶǼӿ˲١
Ҳ֪ǲղŵ˻ǷĶȻ˲٣ȴԵ÷ǳ
űɫģҺƾȻװȥϾϷѾݹˣʱһϷˣɵãƾߣԱɫ˾䣺㡭ûж𣿡
ɫ͵صͷһֽǰͷÿʱѾĽűߡ
ĵطһǳѪѪͨ˵ɫЩһǺдڣе˶˵ѪƵģһζ
ʱǱĲУ¶˺ۣеĵǣûǵҲڶķ˳ϸǲ֪ʲôܵı治ҪЩϤһ̹⣬Һƾϲǰˣǵͷɫ
ûж⣬ǿԸңô𣿡
ɫȻѰİȴ޷ǣ̽
ƾȻɵôͰҹǵ˵ʱڣʱɫ㡭˵ǹ
ˡɫٴЩ˵⼸仰Ӳġ
ǾϴμɫƲСʱɣ
̶Сʱɫһ˵׷ʲôܱ
ҡ
˱ɫģЩʼľ
ʧҪҲʲôΪĶô찡
뵽⣬һĶ˰ա
ƾȴѡʱġ˵ԱСſڼһλߣλǰöûӦԼ֮ġ
֮ƾʱɫôġ
ɫһƾ⻰ʱЩ˵˺üңû˵ʲô󻺻³һ䣺ҡҲǸѽģȴڽĹѨ֮󣬵һǵƬĹңŰԼŪôǱò״ǸĹȴѾͬʧˣҵһеĶѨ֮󣬾ͻص
ҺƾһɫĻüëûż˵Ƕ˺þãſʱɫô֪ģ
ɫķӦܿ죬æ˾䣺ҵЩϵ
󵭵ͷĵȴĲУԼӣһýڰ
Щû˵ƺǾԼѾ˵ˣҺƾҪʲô
Ҳʲô˾ӣƾҲ˻Ԯ֣˱ɫۣû˵ת뿪ɫҲ̲סڵ˾䣺ȵȣǵȵȡ
µɲǣҺƾͷĿһۣʵôˣ
ҡҿɲһæ
ɫٴЩƣȻѾ˶壬˿ڴð˿ɫ壬Щħ
Ȼɫϵ˺۸ûԼ˵ô׾٣˵ģģֻ˵һ롣
ʲôæ
ƾüʵʮ棬˼־裬±ɫ֪Ƶġ
˵⻰ʱƾڰ֣˸ϰԶڰĦҲ֪һЩʲô
ǡһǵѪ
ɫڣ˵仰ֱӵԭء
װһ𾪵ĲУ൱µģ͵غ˺üſһ۱ɫʵ㡭˵ʲô
ǸһǵѪ
ȻΪħıɫ˺Ѫ˺۵ġ
Һƾôɵ
ɫģûСˣĨɱ˾ˣԼѪ
ο
֮ǣΪˣ޷ӵ
ҪǴʱ׾ٵİɱ¾̸ֱ֣ˣ


352 ͷ
ɵãһͷһƾȴƾŨŨϷ֮⣬ӣ
һ룬תֱ˱ɫ仰ú˵һԭأ˻
Ļر˵ľȣӦ֮ġ
ҪѰˡŻȥһѣҺƾֲɵֵȼħ壬ħʥŮЩ˺۶˵С˼ˡ
ʹһ
ʱҺƾɫȴҲӱɫ϶˿ϢǾһǷʲôɫô߰ˡô䵽ͨˡĵزôôţ
뵽⣬Һƾ˳žͷĹȥĲɵҲ˼֣ߵĹŵ棬ƾתͷһۣСҾ䣺̫ܲãǻȥ𣿡
Цüëƾ𣿡
ƾҡͷ˵ҵ˾䣺Ҳǡ
֮󡭡
ֱԽƾһƿǰĹš
Ĺűƿ˲䣬ż˿ѪȵζҲ֪ǲĹѨˣζŨҵĶѬˡ
Ĺź棬ȴһƬڡ浽ʲôҺƾһʱ˭̧̤
ʱ⶯ıɫһˡǺǡҺƾ˾䣺ǲˣô£
ҺƾûϾڵҪĻ󣬻ǵ͵á
͵أҺƾƵģǳħһ̧ͷĹϾһҡ
ľͷģһңЩǱҧСƵģǳ¾ɡ
ƾݺһҧһԵĶڿʼҵıϣԼӣϵĻҳһһƬңûŪһǡ
ƾЩֱӴӶ˲䣬ҵĶԺȻһ
һʱЩ죬æ˲۾̧ͷȴ͵ط֣żǹʱдļ֡
⼸Ҳ֪ʲôʱ֣ʮֵķӣһʱЩƾӣȻϳǰ֡
ɵãῪڣСƾʲô˼
˭ϣƾ֣֪
⻰䣬Ҷʱ˸ۣ֪أ֪㵹ʲô
Ҳ֪˼ǣ̵֪ʲô˼Ҳʶ⼸֡
ƾһ䣬˸ۻңµĲȴûһվԭأǸҡ
󣬲ɵС˾䣺˵˵ϵǸʲô֣
ĳĳɼ֮Ĺ
ƾ³֣һæʵʲôɼң
Ҫ֪᲻𣿡⻰Ÿմӿ˵ƾæǺһ䣬⻰һ˵꣬ͣ˸һ룬ּ֮˾䣺û֣ǰļֱͿ𣿡
˵ģƾû˵һû
Ҳ˵ĹѨ谵ĲУҸϿ̳֣˵ҲʶƵģĿܻ濴
һɼĹɵĵһ
һĹѨʲôɣʲôѾţˣʱĽһйصĹ
òᣬŵɰɣ
ҪɣΪʲôĹѨھ֬ͬԺӵ£ôеĵط
˺þãҶЩ벻ͨ붼룬ֱӴӿڴｫֻ˳ƾһžͳɼĹ˽ȥ
ֵֻͲһգĹźҲҵǰ
ԭĹźţȻһĹĹܳǽϵ˳ƣЩȴ㤵ĲС
˵ⱲӼĵһֵˡ
ΪЩƣͨĶ㣬Ҳʬ㣬ͷ
һֻֻӤͷ­£ڿ͵ƣǵϣдǰһǾ㤺µı顭
˵ĹѨĺǸдһǸɼĹɼһǲΪɡ
ɵĹѨô̵Ķ
ǹŴЩ֮ǧǧ֮ϵĵô̰ɣ
Щǽ֮ǰȫǺڵģȴ̤Ĺһ룬͵عιһ磬ЩƶϢĵˣĹţƱɲǣ͵ع
һʱ䣬СĿռսŵĲУ͵ػͷȥܴܲȴţȴڿŵ˲䣬ֱסˡ
ƾ
Сĺƾ󣬻ͷңôˣ
˵䣬ʶתͷȴҲתͷɲǣֱԭء
ϣСӵͷһһȫɴ˫ۣ¶һޱȵЦݡ
ĹЩӵͷͬǣЩͷûб͵ƣ¶һɹޱȵѪ֮ζҪû´ĻĹѨʱ򣬴ĹѨȳζЩͷİɣ
ò̰
ƾЩͷ˺þãúŻ³һ䡣
ɾ⻰µɲǣЩͷƵģûֻ۰׵۾͵ض׼ǹĹЦ͵ҵĶԣ


ʲôЦУȫ㼯һͷЩΣתƾ뿪Ĺȴ͵ط֣ЩǶĹϵͷĹϷ
ֱӱɵԭأܷͷֻ̩ķͷЩͷȻûô߼
͵أ㽫ҲͼƾȴһסҵֹҵĶҷӦ֮ǰһҵ֣ź֪ĺ·͵ر
ܵ˲䣬ǽЩͷƵͷ­Ҳ뿴ǣǷɲҺƾ治֪Ķӡ
ЩϵͷȴҲˡ


353 ƾ
ĹϵЩͷҺƾ׷µ·ҲԽԽ᫣Ҳ֪ߵʲôطΧľû䣬ǸǳŹֵĹ
͵أһͷȴǽµ·ȻʬǣһͻΪ׹ǵ·Щ׹˵ȴûͷЩʬǵĹͷǳСһͲǳ˵Ҫû´Ļ
ЩʬǵˡЩǶϣЩͷƵĺӰɣ
һʬǣôСӵʬϣж˾жˣĵµĲɵ˺ü֡
Ҳûõɲǣƾһ֣͵ؾͰǰקﻹһ䣺ɵô׷׷㻹ô
ƾĻ͵ػͷȴЩͷҪ׷ˣЩͷı鲻ĲУһ˫۾԰׵ķ·ܹˣǷĶһ˿˿Ѫǵͷ­£ĵĲС
Ҳ֪Ⱥͷ׷˶ãܵĶþԼȴû취ɵãתͷƾȻǲˡֱӺǴɣ
˵⻰ʱСƾƺûһۣ˵һΣƾŶҡҡͷһǲɵҪǺЩͷĻǱ¶Լ
˵ұ׷ĶЩˣɵƾ˸ޣ֮ӿܵĲɱ׷ôãôıܣɵҲ͸֧ɣ
ɵãҵٶԽԽһԵƾܲٶƺҲʼˣ·ǱȺͷ׷Щûˡ
ʱǰͻȻһ⣬񿴵ϣƵģ͵ҧʹ˳̵ǰܣΪһ·ܳĹܵ˳ĵطȴסˡ
ôģȻһ·
﷢Ĺ⣬ȻǴͷ֮ϣ͵վԭ̧ͷȴ֣ͷҲ֪ʲôطֹĵطԶһСĶڡ
̧ͷ֮û룬ƾݺݵקһѣ͵ؽקקҵĶЩ۵ĲҧԼͷ˵Щʲôȴ̧ͷ˲䣬ԭء
ԭȺͷѾ׷ǵǰĿƺֻҪлᣬܰʳˡ
Ҳ֪ЩͷʲôֻһͷˣȴܳΪԴðŨļֱܹ͹ˣ
͵أҺݺһҧƾվ˳ȴֱƾСĶҵ˾䣺վű𶯣
Щףƺǲա
ò˵ȻҺƾ춷죬϶ȥɵ˹ؼʱ̣ȴǻ̵ĲУرҪ۸ҵĻƾһǵڶ嵽ǰΪҵŵġ
ڵһ˭
ǿ϶ǵľˣ
뵽⣬ҵĿںȻһۣҪ֪뵽ȥҺƾܱͷ׷ǾȻʧ٣᲻Ҳܵ˺
ǼҺȻƾһѣ͵̧ͷŷ֣ЩͷҺƾΧм䣬һĿȴûһǵġ
ƺǵɱǣסǡ
״͵Щ㶣С˾ƾЩͷҪ
ƾҡͷȴС˵֪置ƶ𣿡
һ˵ͷ˵˵
ƾ󣬵Ķҵ˾䣺ҪûĻЩͷӦþ置ͷˡ
ͷƣһʣƾ˵ͷҼ˵ͷƣе̩ķͷܹͷ£һǣͷˣԼͷԼ壬置ͷƣȴǱ˵壬ñ˵ͷ­Լٿء
ƾĻ䣬ŵ͵һ㶣ٳٷӦ
⻰˼ѵ˵ڽʱ򣬾ѾĹ˵ע⣬ǹЩͷ׷ǣȴɱǵ
ҪĻĹѨˣ˭
һʿƾƾȴ仰û˵һĿЩͷü֮˺üֱǽϣСĴҶ
ǻʲô취ܣƾһ䣬ʶ¶Լ
־ͺˡ
µɲǣҺȻЩ㶣û뵽ԼȻʱ˵ЩҲû뵽ԼȻôԼԡ
ҵ仰ƾߵɲǣƾȻЩʧҲ֪Щʲô֮͵ؽԼ峯һײҵĶ˼¡¡¡¡ʲôűƾֱײ
ҷӦɲǣҾ˱ƾһףδ֪Ŀռ
׵ʱʱҵĶԡ
벻ڣҲµġ
˵⻰Щ֣Щᣬʱһ㶣ûƾʲô˼
ǰĹűرյǰһ룬ȴƾֻһˣûκǴӵϼһֻľֻӭȺͷ
͵شӵҪȥǣȴȴرƾڴűرյɲǣ
Ҫû´ĻӦþλߵĹѨˣʬ壬ǰӦҲǱ£ʬѾˣߺ˴ʬ壬ȴûҵ
⻰ûףƾȴʱ˶٣ֲһ䣺ȽȥҹԳǺ;ǣ͵
ĩˣּ˾䣺ң
һƾ˵͵Щ㶣ôţż־
ѵ˵ĹѨᷢЩʲôϵ
ң
ԳôĹѨѵ˵ĹѨʱ򣬾ƾѾ֪ͨ
Ǿ롭
᲻һأ


354 ٹԳ
벻ô࣬ʱĺ·ѶϣҲźôƾûվźҲκδ·һȴţҺƾƵġ
͵ءתȴ֣ôһ
֮ǰͬǣ¶שһһģر롣Щשϻ˲ٻƣЩʮֹӣȴʧ
ֻЩש֮ϣȴ˸ǴӵﳤƵģש
Щשϣ˻ҳҳϻнӡ߹ƵģЩͲҳĵשһȣȴɾĲС
Щϱ˵ĽӡˣҳûɾĲС
Ҳ֪ǲǾ֮ǰʬħҼЩЩɵЩǰ
رԼһˣݵ״̬£ҪҷˣԼ¶ݣҪҲѵŵ
˿̵飬Ǽ尾
ЩȥģϸһȴָоЩǻģģ
ΪЩ֮ǰʬħɫͬЩǺɫģѪҺƵģսһĿѪҺ·
ɵáСֹһѵЩǱĶô
ûֱǰĴΧмСʯӣҽЩʯһץ͵سǰȥΪЩʯϵʱЩᶯЩʯȴ˳˵ϣ
״ҲǸ˲ģʿˮСĿЩһŲȵڵשȴ͵ˮһ
Ѩ˵ڲڣ˵ǿĿΧһУɲôûˮǴĶġ
վԭأϸϸ˺þãȴûκˮɵðһ䣺ѵԼ𣿡
վԭغþãȷԼ̧֮СĲשϡ
ɾҵֻŸոȫש֮ϣǰ֪ͷ·ȥɲǣȴһ㶣
ˮˣЩնҷֲ徿Ǵǰ淢ģǴ󷢳ġ
վЩ͵ЩϵĴȴʲôû֡
ɵãҺݺһҧƺ¶˺ܴƵģǰȥ
ţЩˮʧˣҳȥȴ͵ؿЩˮȻǰģ
ҵǰһǽϣڲһʬ壬ȥǳʣûƺܾãվϣϸϸĹ۲ʬ壬ȷʬ岻ʶˣһ㳯ǰߣȴ͵ط֡
ҵĽ£ȻǺںɫѪ
ЩѪǴģǴӵðġ
뵽⣬͵ؼӿ˽ŲǰȥûȴһǱήһľľʮָߴҲǳïʢҶ޺޺ģ֦ǺЩơ
Ҫû´ĻЩɣ
Ȼ룬ȴϵðŹѪΧ֦ɣڵѾήһƺܻɻҽ
ΧʮԵĴ򶷺ۼӣ򶷵ǳļңǽ̮һ룬ɳӣذ廹˲٣
״СĴһʰһ֦ɣܵѾߣֻ֦ͱͱȷѾ͸ˣһ
Լ֮ǰѾ˰ŪˣҽǱ¶Լͼøô򶷵Ļ򲻹ɣ
ţǰߣȴȻ̮ʲôȥ
͵תͷҪǴĶģ
ȴתͷ˲䣬ԭأ
ıϣȻ̮һӣﲼ˸ɰͰ͵ʬ壬һֻֻѸɱ˵ǵڴ
ЩʬϵĴţҷ֣ǹŴģִĶС
ԭǺѪģѹֿôаԡ
״ûڶ̧ţ͵سǰȥֱǰһȴţ͵ƿ˽ȥһ
ҽǸյʲôûУɾһȾҲûнӡǳ֮⣬û˽
Ҫû´Ļ
пܣǵһˣ
࣬˽ȥ˾˼ȴ˾ϵ·ôԽԽЩ֣
ЩϤ
˾ϵ·֮ǰҺƾǸذϵĺȴͬһ֣Ӧǳͬһ֣֮Ҫû´Ļ
ذϵ·Ҳаİɣ
֪ΪʲôﾹȻôаĶЩԽайأԽЩġ
ʲôԼҲ֪ϾҲܻȥȥԼʦɣ
ûʦͱ˸ɱˣ
ûʦҿܻȥͼܻн
ҡ
ûʦĻҶĺӣͲ˰ɣ
̾һҼ˾ߣԽߣǰ·ԽϤҾԽаóúÿ·ǲǺайأ
ͷҵԽԽң͵أҺݺһҧҲ̲סĴt˺þãȷû˸ңҲֻԼһˣСĶ£а˳ֻ΢Ĺ⣬а鱧ڻĲ鿴Ķ
аҵﱻҿٵķţӡҵԺ֮УŵڼҳʲôݣҲԺܿ죬ұҵ˵ذ·аλá
벻ǣذϵ·аĽǿհס
ѵ˵даˣҲ֪·Ǹ
͵أַһҳȴ·аôĿհף
Ǳ˸˺ڲЩʲôƵġ
ɵԽԽ࣬ҵҲԽԽֻϣҵ͹Գǣƾĸһ뿪ĹѨ֮󣬲ʲô²źá
ֱ˾Ѿһ·̣ͣ½Ųȴ뿪˾˳˾ߣת
ĹѨܴĹҲܸӣŶݼ׵İĶ˽
󷨺ͻضܾҪڵҲ֪һЩŶݼףԵĶܹСĵıֱܿ棡
ҪǴʱңطߵôһնĵطԲ֡
ɾôĹѨһ˵ǻ󷨣ƷʬʲôûУ֣ԽȫԽĻš
ĵðһ뷨ҪֵʲôΣܵһЩ
ҲһЩ
ɵãﰵ˼룬뿴ܲܳߣҺ˺ü붼ûӦңЩʧˡ
رת˺üȦȴʲôû֣ĵð˼ִܡ
̾һҲﶺ㳯ǰȥɾ̤˾ò˾վ˾ͷһȴűϣһַ棬ȴƿ˲䡭
ҷ֣
мˣ
֮ʲôûУΪûãҲΪţرȫ
ĻΪƻУ
һûκ󷨺ͻأý˷ɾ裬ֻҪ˾ˣһ׼ƿǰĴţĹѨǱֱӴѾõ󷨺ͻء
ңиˣ
û֣лأǸţˣ
㶵ɲǣҵĶѾ˸ֻתҪû´Ļһתͷһп϶Ѿ
ҪתɲǣҾȻһĨϤĲϤںҵ֣
ʶľͷֺƻҵģֻۣתɲǣ˾䣺˭
Ǻҵȴش֣
Գǣ
͵أۣȴֹԳվ˾һЦҡ
֮ǰƾѾңԳҲĹѨڹԳǾͳ֣᲻Щ̫ˣ
ǡ
ǰĹԳǣֻĻþ


355 㵽˭
͵أҿԳǵĿŨŨľ裬ɫʮһ䣬˫΢䣬û˵
ɹԳǿ⿴ĿɫȴЩãҲû˵վ˾ϺҶӡ
˺þã˭ûжĹѨڵĵƵĻ
ɶӵԽãеɻԽǰĹԳǿҵĿ⣬еһСϸ΢ĶҶʮֵϤӦòǻġ
Ͼлܰô棿
ţűߵԣȴʱȻ𣺡ȵȣ
˵䣬üͷһ壬Ҳ֪ЩʲôҵĶҲֹվԭûж
ǰѾĹѨ󷨵ĻءյĴѱ˸ǴССĿ⣬ҪһСĻ֮ء
ҲΪҿŹԳǾôվ˾ϣĿżⲻĵ𼸷ɡ
ʲô
˶٣ſʵ
µɲǣԳֱӳҵķ˹۾żŨŨߵұϵɲǣǰĹţӿڴŷ˲˾䣺ôҲ
⶯˵⻰״еĹǣҲףǰĹԳǸǻġ
Ͼ
ʱмеĳŴ֣ܽ񱵽̶ȣ
ɵãҶݺݵķ˸ۡôҲû˵۵һ̧ۣ֮ų˾ȥ
ɾ̧ŵɲǡԳǵֺȻǰ͵һץסҼϵ·ҲţҾ䣺ɵԼ˵Ŷݼף͸ĹѨܣ
͵̧ͷһۣҶŶݼײĹѨܣͿԣ
û뵽ԳǾѧҷ۵ƶҷ˸ۣ˵ĲУȽϱô
ò˵͹Գ֮ǰùԳǸ䣬ڵеģЩϣ֮ȴ֣ʲô丹ڶôαװԼƭ˵İɣ
񡭡
ֻģ
Ǽûˬı˱죬Ҳû֣ƺҵ֣ȴֵ˲佩˰գҲ֪뵽ʲô˼֮һסҵֱۣ˾䣺ңҴ뿪⡣
⻰һ˵꣬Ҷ˵ͷǳ״еĲɣ漴ô㲻Ǻ;һôأ
⻰ʱ򣬱¶Ѿõż˵Щ죬Щ壬ԳǵĶԣʮֲˬİ˰֮Ÿңǻʱȥ졣
˵⻰ҲܲµϾƾ;˵ĻҾѾ֪ԳĹѨ֮ǰѾĹѨ񻹰ĹѨƾ˵һ飬ƾ֮ǱǹԳûĹѨʵƾɣ
ɵãҴ˹ԳǵĻȥѾˣô
䣬Գæ˾䣺˵ꡣ
գұ죬ĿŹԳǡ
ԳǸңǽ죬ƾԺӵľȥ͵ʬ壬͵͵ţȴ֣ʲôͨʬĵطһǳĹѨ
澹ȻĹѨǹԳǣ룬ƾ˶û뵽ģԹԳҲ˳ȥ߾룬ƾ⾮µ飬֮ƾĹѨһ飬ĹѨĽṹ浽Щʲô֮ƾ˸֣ʬĸλùԳȥó
ԣڹԳǰʬó֮󣬾뿪ĹѨ˴ĹѨпΪʬ塣
ʬѾԳˣ˶ֻ˸գûκջ
ǣôӴֹϵĹѨ϶ģᱻĹѨһǺйصģ֪ǸĹѨ˵ߵĹѨ
˴Ǻ͹Գһû뵽澹ȻǸĹѨûҵʬ£˲û˳ĹѨĹѨƺǽĹѨ˸ոԼ·
ӱɫôǱĹѨҺƾϾܿڽĹѨ֮󣬸ûףʲô飬ѣпɢˡ
׵ˣĹѨﶼȫˣĹѨƳƾԼҵЩͷӦò°ɣ
뵽⣬ҵһ˲ĵɫЩףֻϣ
ƾǧ£
˽Щ֮ʹԳǣʱ򣬺;𣬼𣿡
벻ǣһŸ䣬Գǵɫȴ˲һ䣬Ķҵ˾䣺㣬ôû;һ𣡡
һ⻰ɫ˲һ䣬ɴ˫ۣٳûзӦ
Ҫ֪ҿһֱΪԳǺ;һģ
ڹԳǺȻңû棬ҵһĶʱľ룬ֵƾҲ֪ôˡ
ʱҺ͹ԳѾߵһŵģܹȥĴűϣ̧һѽƿȴֵ̧˲䣬ֱӽԭء
֮ǰƤĤ¶ļҲͿҩˮôֲ˵֣˵̣СϳҵģҪǾ룬ƾ˺һݵģ˿ܶ໥ϳ
ôԳôϳҵģ
͵أһͷһۣ˫дŨŨĲ죬ۼĺһƺ롣
ҵĶСɹԳǵȴĲУͷЩĿһۣңȴһ˿
״Щɻֱӿң


356 Ҿ룡
㵽˭͵أҵɫһ˫ŷһҪɱˣǰĹԳǶܱɱ˸ǧٻˡ
ԳǱٶŵһ㶣һƺЦҵľٶЩЦ
Ļһ䣺㲻֪˭
ûֻǿĿӼɵҪֱܹȷǰĹԳǲˡҪңҲĿĵģҹֱõĳ֮Уһˡ
ҵĿԽɵ۵׵ЦȴԣǴżֺЦšһû˵Ҿ䣺ġô
û˵˫ĺܽĿ̺ɱɹԳȴʱϺݺһãˣ뿪
תƺҳȥûӦֻͷһۣ̾һ㵽
״ôϳҵģ
ҵĻŸ䣬´һ飬ЦŻһ䣺ԭΪҵİ
仰һ˵ꡣ˶٣ֵ֮˾䣺ˣϳ㣬ѵ𣿡
ûĵȴǺһ䣺ѵ𣿡
⻰ĵ˵ġԳȻ
Ǽû˵ǸӾĿԳǵɫжѿжѿ֮ǰЩɢζһſݵǰϽ˵Ļޱȡ
㣬ô𣿡
ҡҡͷһĻصҲǲ㣬ǲԼ
⻰˵ûĲԼҲԼжҲԼ׵Ķá
ͦµģҪǰĹԳǱ˼ٰģĹԳǣǼٵĹԳҶֲˣ
ҪǰĹԳǲǱ˼ٰģǾݵ̫Lowͱ˳ô룬ƾңĹѨΣ
ԳȻ⻰ĺ壬ҵı棬̾һ˾䣺ˣݵ߶Ǵȥģ
⻰һ˵꣬ҵɫ˲һ˰ġ
ԣˡ
ԳǲǱ˼ٰģݵҲܾ£ûϳ
ֻ˲䣬ĶҸضȥˣҲ֪ѹֵսƵ͸ҵĲ¼ԽԽأߵ˶ʼˡ
벻ǣԳ֪һûǶͶһĨ˾䣺ǿǺ£㲻ǰôˣһζͰ˵ѣαɵˣҪǱ˲Ǿ͸ˡ
⻰͵̧ͷ˹Գһۣ֪ΪʲôԽԽùԳԽԽ˳ˡ
ʵ⻰˵ĺܶԣ֮ǰң͹޺ͱɫѣҲǡ
ұֵãҾͶ˼ͷΣ˵رҪõѣⲻ֪ѸҪ࣬һ֪ĵģڹؼʱͦľ͹ˡ
ٶ࣬ҲȫǺѣϲ̨档
̫űˣǺ£Ҳǻ¡
ǻŵ棬Ȼױá
뵽⣬Ҳɵ̾˿ԹԳɵЦ£Գǰһۣûң־ͽǰڰĹƿ
Ĺűƿ˲䣬һɹŵĸζ˲˱Ƕټ֮ǰ·һƬնЩɣǰòʬѰɣ
ɹԳǣȴʱ֣߰ɣҴȥҾ롣
֪ΪʲôŹԳ⻰˼ѣǳ뿪ʲôƵġ
ҽ֣ڹԳе˲䣬Ѿ˺ڰڰ˲䣬ҵﾹʳһ䣺Գǣ𣿡
ʲôҡ
֪ġҴ
ɺڰУȴԳǵһЦ˵֪
˵һ˵֣˴
û뵽ǣԳȻĬˣþûзֱٴѯʣŻشһ䣺޹ɡ
أȴ̾һԼشңڲˡ
⻰һ˵꣬æһ䣺Ϊʲô
ϾҺһģûң
Щ֮ǰǸ˵ҪɵĹԳǣ·ѾΪˡ
ںڰУĿüۣȴֻܿһЩģ֮⣬ʲô
ռ䣬̫ˣҲ̫ѹˡ
֮ǰǸ󷨵Ĵ˵ƺΣա
Ҳ֪ǲںڰеĹԳǣܵҵĿ⣬СĻһ䣺ң
ʲô񣿡Цش
ɹԳȴٴγĬûڻشңҵ˺þãûȵ
ָֺܱܳǳİҪûǴĻҵһ֣ҲһΡ
ϾҺĴ٣˵Ĵ͸˵ˡ
ԳǺرϧλƵģںڰ˺þã֪ǰڳһ˿⣬߳ȥɲǣɿҵ֣һңҰݵĶȳ¡
ǸղһֱϵģҼʱһֱưû뵽澹ȻһŮӵ·кӵ·ͼƿҺ塣
ҽЩҺóʹԳǣЩʲô
ԳһѽеĶƿңһƿҵϣȡƤߣһƿҺ£԰
˵ģҰ˵αװ£ǲ̫ԸģɹԳû˵ҲףĹѨЩαװĺܲ㣬Ȳ˵ʹԼɣ˵ҪĹѨʲô飬һαװˣ˭ֲҡ
⣬ҲΨһһܸԼ·
ǰ;գ˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲô֪һĹѨʲô
ҪܹȽϵĻĹѨҽеĹѨΪյһȲ˵˴ĹҪ󣬾ĹѨڿ˰ɽĻĹȣֺ
ĹѨڰԣسŶݼ׵ĶΪϸ£ҼˣЩ
ҪĹѨ˲ǵˣǻˣһλѵˣĿʶһ
αװȫ֮һЩ̫֣ϾαװѾþˣͻȻԼݣܸое֡
ҽƤߺһЩҩˮԼ̧ͷǰĻ
֪һ
ԳǴ˺αװĵطôģȻǸѣ
ΧĿռʮӴ󣬿ĹײĶȴʾŸζеĹײΪԶÿ¶ʬǡ
еĹײʬǳ˸ʬеĳ˰׹ǣеĻոȥƵģá
ʬ屻ͬʱһط˵ǲô಻֮ͬӦûͬģȴǸˮĲĵطеĿռֱӱ󷨣ԻЩҲΪ档
ֻǣôʬǰ·ɶģеġ
ԳҲڹ˵ôĵĵطˣôңѹҿһ·ϵıôڷЦôⱨҲͦǿİ
ǿҸղŲѾľȻ
뵽⣬ҶݺݵĵһۣȴĻһʲô֪ı飬ҪһĽһܸƭˣ
͵أֱӶ˸ۣǽȥģ
벻ǣȻһƾ֮ǰһ⣬ңûʣ
ҡҡͷ˵ûУǲ֣
ɹԳȴ⻰һ˵ɲǣޱĿһۣң㵱ƾԲҪ֣Լû취ҵ𣿡
һԳ⻰ôЦšӴһ˾䣺˴Ҫװƴҷô
ζޱȵĻȴ˴ӸףƺҲµûʣûҷϻֱĹѨѰ
ȻǿЩʲôϾһĹѨôܻбʣҲǼǰëˣʲô
ҲɲǣԳߵһײĶҲ֪ҵʲô̧ͷ˲䣬һҫҡ


357 ֩
ҿŹԳĿ⣬ȻЩ㶣ɵãֱӿҵʲôˣ
ɹԳȴһ룬˿ɫʯУ͵ؽӹһȴֱɵԭأ͵ضԹԳǷ˸ۣ˵һʯͷô˷ܸʯͷѵҵ룿
벻ǣһµɲǣԳǾȻĵĶ˵һ֣ԣ
һ⻰û˵ʲôɿĿȴŨŨĻɣţϾʱбʣķλҲȫ׼ôһĹѨҵСʯӾа취
ֻԳʯЦӯӯߵҵıϣصǰ˻Ρɶû˵߶˼ֱ֮ߵһԵĴϣʯӣƺڿЩʲô
վЩԶĲ̫ɵŲŲţ˹ȥ
ɾ߹ȥ˲䣬ȴ͵ط֡
Գ⻭ĶȻҲʶɿӣôһǺţ
Ǻʲôðֲ⡣
ֱԳǽ⼸Ż꣬ſڡ
ġⲻͨļǺš
Գǵһ䣬֮û˵۵ֽҲ֪Щʲô
ƣǺ;֮ǰˣþƾżǺҵǡֻĹѨж˭֪ҽĹѨʱɢˣһҸǺ˸˭
Ժиұ̲ס˳ɹԳ˵꣬ȴֱӰһۣңˣĹѨǰհԣŶݼ׽ģ
⻰Ҹһ꣬æһ䣺֪
⻰˵ڵ˲䣬ԼԺȴ˴𰸣
ĹѨǰհԣŶݼǳΣΣԭ͵ģ
ԣڵǣпܴҶûнĹѨȫ涵Ȧӣô
ɼȻĻҺ͹ԳЩΣôһţû룬ûƾصߣ˴ô죿
Ҳ̫࣬ҲֻǶûʲôô̾һұŹԳ̧ţһδ֪ĵطȥ
̧ţԼĪʮ׵ɲǣҵ͵һһĨ׺Ķ۽Ǵһζ
ұŵһ㶣͵ͣ½ŲĴͷȴûκζɵãСֹһѵҿˣ
ϣԳǿһۣɫȻʲôû˵Ҽǰš
ɾ̧ŵ˲䣬һĨ׺Ķǰһ
һοۻεĻжˣ
ƫƫתͷܻǰ׺һĶʲô뿪ʹԳǣûпж
Գȴҿڵǰһ룬͵ؿڣ̧ͷ
һ⻰ʶļ̌ͷͷû̧˸۾ȥȴĵĽԭء
ĶǸνṹΧ˸ʽɫ˿ߣһŮӣ˵ŮӣѾ̧ˡ
ô֩밡
һֻɫĴ֩룬ɫ֩Դȴƫƫ˵Դֶġ
ǲҵĿ⣬ֻɫ֩뾹Ȼ͵سһ֩˿ҪǹԳۼֿҳһҹƶֱӱˡ
ⱻҶ㿪֩˿ڵذϣȴѵذ帯ʴһĿӣ˻˻˻˻
ҪЩ֩˿ҵϣǻô
͵أ̧ͷ뿴ôԸֻ֩룬ȴ̧ͷ˲סˣ
ǰ֩ƵĵطѾˣ֩أ
ɻɲǣҵȻ˻˻˻˻ʶľǳԱһ㣬ɹԳȴʱҲƺҶ㿪ҵķ࿪ķǶķŪ֩˿ֱӷɵҵǰ

ֻ˲䣬ҺһھԿ̬ܲܽͼٻϾ֮ǰͼսھûֱһͼġ
ԺֵʱҵһĶᵽ˰գɺͼȻıһ˳͵صҵǰһ۵Ĺâ֩˿һ̲ˮ
𣡡
һԵ֩ˣĴһ֩˿µĸˣ˿ķȴߣΧЩ¾ɵĹײġ
ѵ˵ײ
ĵԼôӦԵɲǣԳǾȻֱսҵ֣ҴһɵĹѨôգһҪ͵ô죿
˵ţԳǾң͵سŴűȥµĲܿ죬Ҳ㶼Щϡ
Գ⻰ҲֱӴңôʲôıȥӦԣȴˣʮλϼƣ
ܵĶȻӲ֩ķۣ͵ؾͳķٶȼֱƮݣɲǼ͵סǰȥ·
󻹲ײͷȴҪǻͷ񣬱֩빥˿ô죿
ɵãһվԭغֻ֩Ŷӣ뿴ˣʲôУҺ͹ԳûȻҲˣӾվǰ׵ľ룬
˹кü룬С˾Գǣ֩뵽ʲôΪʲô
˽ĹѨϲŪֵֹĶĹ˵ĹõĹ޻أҪû´Ļֻ֩뾫ĶһʲôΪ󣡡
ԳǲĻشҾ䣬󵭵˵ͷҲǴ˽ɴҶ벻ĹѨ˵ô֩˵ԴŪһģ
ײĵԽԽ˼ŲҲ̲סͷһȴЩײʬ壬Ȼ֪ʲôʱӹײ˳
ÿֻʬԴϣſһֻС֩룬ʬܶ࣬ģĵĲС


358 ͵Ϯҵ˭
ЩʬթʬӦǱԴϵС֩ٿأȫӵҺ͹Գǵķ
·Ķʬȴܶ࣬㽫˰Χм䡣˫ɫ۾һɹɶ˲֮ڡ
˻˻ԺȻһǰֻ֩ĽЩ̶ԻЩġ
Һ͹ԳǶһۣ۵׶ɱ⡣ĵ˵ͷ֩ȺʬжɲǼ䣬͵ظԾһߣԳֱӳֻ֩ɱȥͼȺ֩ٿصʬսһ
˲˴սʮּңûнͼ򿪣ͼĻôЩʬԲԴϵЩС֩
ЩС֩ȴǿĲСе֩ûҴڵ±ʬȵĴӵذ»صʬԴϡ
Ҳ֪Ⱥʬ˶ãֻоԼ֩룬Χվŵʬȴûһ߼٣͵أһͷһȴ־ҰЩʬϵ֩ɱˣЩʬ嵹һٴս
ЩʬԴϣſһֻ֩룬Ҳ֪ĶģЩ֩ȫԴԴϵð
Ҽ״ĵĲСҲɱ֩ˣֱͼһӽǰһʬԴ飬ΪԴ飬Щʬȥû뵽ǡ
ЩʬԴ˲䡣ЩʬԲըԽɲǣҲɳ˺üֻ֩룬ֱӳҵԴϷ
ŵ͵غһ뽫ͼǰ棬ȴһ룬һݣֱӽͼ̯˿Щҷ֩ͼϵ˲䣬ڡһǱͼսƵģһֻֻ֩˲ڣڵϣһɶΧ
ѹ˵ʬܹԴԴϵ֩룬ԭͼְ֩롣
ҵ֩İ취ҺȺʬҲû֮ǰôˣµĽЩʬͷ飬̯ͼЩ֩롣
Ҳ֪˶ãۿսϵ֩붼Ҫ˴룬ͣ´Գǣȴ͵ط֣ԳǺǰ֩򣬾ȻûռϷ磬ۣҲ֪ǲǱ֩³˿εϻһ˿˿ѪǲСƵġ
ֻ˲䣬ܹȥԳǣԳȴˣٶȿĳ棬һĹ򣬱ֻ֩ĺϣһľһĶ͵ؾͳ֩Դϴȥ
Һ͹ԳǶΪһֱ֩ӱŪ֩Դȴѽµɲ͵ط˳һ޴ѪۣŶĵѪҺ˹Գһ
Գǰľվ֩ıֱסˣҲɵԭأ뵽ֻ֩ԴȻƾշ
ɲǣɳȥ֩ͷ͵³һ˿ߣֻ˲䣬ԳǺһ𣬶֩ͷĿУϷСŵĻë׶
Ҳ֪֩˿ʲôģԳڴЩ˿ߵ˲䣬ģһ⧲֩˿ϣ͵ر֩ı֩һ顣
Щ˿ߣܴӹԳǵ沿пǳʹ࣬֩˿ȴƤƵģȻرеԣڹԳʱ򣬲磬ɲǣĸˣԶҶܿԳ𽥷ɫ
͵أֱӳŹԳǵķȥҪɹԳȴ˦˸ߵı飬Ҷʱһ㶡
֮ǰǸعƾҲߣԼԣѾܺˣʱôԶ¹Գǣ
ֻ˲䣬Ҿ͵˹ԳǵߣһŲ֩˿֮ϣ뽫֩˿˺ɾվ֩˿棬Ҫ̧ŵ˲䣬ȴ͵ط֣
ҵĽŵףȻ֩˿ճһ̧ŵɲǻϸϸ֩˿ƵģҵĽŵףĵĲУ
ô
͵أҿڣһ㵵ĿŹԳǣɹԳȴһ䣺ͼߣ
ұûߣ⻰ȻǼᶨ˴ͷ͵ؾͼ֩˿ȥͼǱԿ̬û뵽ǣͼ֩˿ңȻҳɹˣ
ͼҵ֩˿˲֮ڣһĨɫѪҺ֩˿£ҵĽŵƺҲʱҵ˿ѵĿ϶͵سһԾվڵͼȥȹԳǣֻվһԿϷѾõĴ֩ͷȴʱ
ˣ
ֻ֩ͷֻ˲䣬ֱӷɵҵǰһаЦĿңǱ͹٣ʱĲУɵǰ˲䣬ȺʬҲ·
˿̵ңǲȹԳǣҲ޷˰ɣ
ɵãҿֻ֩Ŀ⣬żϾֻ֩Ȼֻʣ˸ԴȴƵģǳԻĶЦЦ͵³һ֩˿һ֩˿㣬֩˿ܱҶķƵģҶ㿪˲䣬ֱӲҵĽ㡣
㱻ϣҵر£ͼֱһ㽫֩˿ڻˮҽ֩˿ڻɲǣֻ֩˿ȻЦˣ¶һóѵЦ⣬͵طɵ˾Ҳһ׵λãҵֲ³֩˿ҵֶֻ
̫ûǻᣬֻ˲䣬ұȥ˷
֩һóѣǲЦڿ̶ĲУҵӣȴʱ͵һתһھ
ھ˲䣬ҵбŷһ⣬ָͼŹԳǱƵ֩˿Ϸȥ
֩ͷһˣҪӣ͵³֩˿ȴȫͼ˲䣬Ϊһ̲̲ˮ
Ҽ״һϵЦݻûü磬֩ͷȴ͵ؽĿ⿴ң¶һĪı顣
һûŪ鵽ʲô˼ԺȴһӲУֱλε˵ϡ
ҵǰһ룬۵һâǼͼΪ˲ٿأӿ
һʱ䣬ĶˣźڰĵȴΪ
۾µҺܲģ뽫۾ȴûߵʧȥֱǰһ룬ֻԼصص


359 ˭ܾң
ֻ֮оԼƺںڰ˺ܾúܾãȻǱ۵ģΧ׷ʲôҵĶȴޱȣƺܹЩҵĶԣȴ֣Ȼûһܹ
ҵĺܻţǳĽ磬Ҳۣ뿴ҵԾʲôȴоҵʮƣһԶ˯ҵĲ˻ںУƺ˭ҵĴڣֲʱԼ˯
ҺܣһϰµҵòСڰУҲңһ˿ҶҲ·綼һƬڰ
ʱңôһ˳֣ܸһƬʱһһĹȥȴڴҵڸңâеһУֻԼԼ
ĺܺ£ܻšĵ˻ѾΪ˿УҶܸܵѪҺ
Щ仯ȴֻҵ棬ֻԼһ֪
ڰдˣԼʲôʱʧȥ֪ģѾˡֻǵԼ۵ɲǣһƤϵɲǣҼˡȻǾ롭
ſλεĳҵǰҴδԼȻôһ죬ΪԣϲõĿ벻ԼȻôһ죬Ϊһ˵ĳ֣Ҹܵĵ
˲䣬ֻоԼȱʧǿ飬ƺʲô㣬᲻ʣ͵ؾǰ뱧
ҵĿУȴκһ˵ĻǱΨһһɡ
ұžþãǳƺ뽫ҵ˶ڷ룬ƺҪÿʱỵ̈оҵߡ
ֻԼ֪ôΣѵʱ̣ԼˣǶôҸһ顣
Ҳ֪˾ãֱҷӦԼʧ̬Լͷ˾ļϣС̧۾ܣ͵ط֣
Χôôˡ
ƾԳ˿ҵĿ⣬Ĵ㵺ͼֺЦƺûôԲУСŮ˵һ档
ҶʱЩ죬Ҫǰһطҹƶȥˣ
֮ȴоҵĿӾˣǿҵҲסԼԴ͵̧ͷ˾䣺ʲô
ȴʱĬ˭˵ֻվǸЦЦǽһã֪ˣΪǮء
Ҽ״ȻʮֲˬݺݵľͶ˷˸ۣ۷ģȴҸоǲ̫ˣֱĿһת룬Сôˣ
ɾȴһĶЦЦûлشңҵ˼֣ƺʲôʧȥ䱦±Ƶġ
ֱºҲ֪Һ͹ԳǵʱĴжôΣգֻͷİ֩벻˵жĵϣȴǷǳοԸֽΪ֩룬ûҶ԰취ֻᱻŰĸƵġ
Һ͹Գǲһʻô
ҪǾƾˣҲǱ֩Űпܱ֩ˣ
õԺĶǱģ֩͵͵͵Ϯҵ֩˿ڰ͵Ϯ˵ɲǣֱ³һ֩˿ҰҪǾƾ˼ʱ֣Һ͹Գֻʣ°׹һˡ
Ҵʱңվǣȴ͵طԼ¾񱻿Ƶģ۵ĲУ
ҵĲӸƵģ۵һɷײѡ
״û˵һֱӰҴӵ𡭡
һûӦѾңֱӳǰȥ
վںƾԳ˵ĿⶼЩ죬죬Щ˵ɾһǱͺͮͮʱǺһأЩҿˡ
ɾɢůϢȴҸоʮĵ¶۾ȥĲȴ¶۾ɲǣ͵طһ̾
Ϊʲô˵ܹô£Ǳ˾ĵƵģûκǡ
ƺҲʱҿĿ⣬΢΢ͷһƲͷһۣ³ĻȴĲС
ڻ𣿡
һ仰ʱʵ͵ŤŤӣȴԼϾȻˣ뱧ҵֻͺһɹԴԴϵעҵڡ
ڰˣҲʵ
ɾȴҡҡͷңˣֻǰͨͨǡ
󣬲֪ΪɫȻһ죬ܸо⻰ôЩֵֹİ
ûڶ룬ӾĻɾȴʱһѽ§뻳УҵļϣҵĶԡ
ЩΪ˵ЩʲôûûĻɾ뾹Ķҵ˾䣺㲻ҪˣиҪעĺӡ
⻰Ļ䣬ҷ·˵ͷһݺݴѣ͵𡭡
ҶиСˡ
ҪԼһע⣬ֱ˸ôˣǿɾˡ
һʱ䣬ҵɫЩѿɾȴʱ³һ䣬ЩĻ

˵
Ȼ˵и취԰ͨǣ
һûĿһۣȴǱޱȵӣ˿̾һĨааĻЦſ档
ң˲˾⻰ʲô˼ɫľ˹ĸͼҿˡ
ҵԺУ˿̸ǻ˵Ǿ䡭
Ҫ²ɶġ
ϴΣˣζкӣһ
ĪģҿžʱһĿ⣬ȴ֪ΪΣ˰ġ
Ŀջأŷ֣Һ;ǴʱĹѨһӱߣĹѨ֮ǰ߹ĹѨЩƣ涼һĻǺӣźɫĲҺ壬ⲻҺ֮ϣƯ࿴Ĳǰһ㶣漴̧ͷһ۾룬Ʈʲô
뻹ûüشңվһһֱŵݵƾȲҴڸƵģæڣ˾䣺ɵôⲻǱȾ˵ˮ
һⶫˮʱһ㶣ʲôˮȾôĵģȴڿŵһɹѪȵζ
ѪζܳѪʲôط˺ܶĳζֺһҲ˵ʲôζĶһŵĲУҲñ㱻ĵŻ
ˣӿڴ˸СƿңҲ֪ƿʲô򿪵ɲǣ͵طһζŵĲС
һζĶĸ˲һɨգʮˬζ֮ȥΧζѾŲǶޱȵѪζˡ
ʱһСƿ˾룬Գȴʱʾ룺˵Ŷ棬ĹѨ𣿡
ûԳǰɫʮ͵ҡҡͷ˵˾䣺֪
֪ΪʲôҿദġڡĻ棬ҲЩֵ֣ǣҿˣ˿̶һƬͣȻо˼ܰ
ѵ˵ڵ˶ǲʶô
֮󣬲ѣ
Ҳ֪ǲҿ˵Ŀ⣬ֵЩ̫ԣ˾ʱɺĿһۣҼ״æЦ˾䣺Ǹڹ𣿡
ͷһҵ֣ǰȥ
ĹѨ㲻жԻͣҲ㲻жӣȴص㣬һ˵ҽôĹѨصһĹѨˡ
ţȻҲϮĹѨĽģʽݻҲӣȴһȥһĸо
űӦôΧһҲǳƽͣһǳȫĵط
ҪУ⣬ᱻôƭ
ˣҪŵɲǣǺȻһˮʲôˮ˳Ƶģ͵ؽĿһתȴˮжȴûˮһɫĹײģˮ¸˳
ôãҼظ˵ԼʲôײĶȴûɫĹײģ
ײĲ·رص㣬ײĵʵضǳ⣬ȻͭģҲ֮Ϊͭס
ʱұһ볯ײȥײʲôȴһסңҵȵȡ
ײģҲʱһ
ţеǿ׵


360 
һ͵һͷһ۾ǣȴǵĿҲʮ£֪ЩʲôȴûжվԭأĿһС
ײĴ򿪵ٶЩҲ֪Ĺײĸ̫أʬûʬҵ˺þãſһֻϸޱȵִӹײ˳Ŀ˹ײĵıԵ
ҿֵֻɲǣʱһ㶣û뵽ײ־Ȼôɾѵ˵ʬѾΪ˺ɵļܹ豹ˣ
ȻҵĶ͵һʲô̮˵˳͵һͷȴΧһֻӾȻʱ
ʲôСĿʾ룬ɾȴû˵һҲ֪Щʲô
ƾʱһۺеĹײģߵǸ̮Ա߶ӣҲ֪Щʲô
ɾƾ뿪⣬ܵǸ̮˵ߵɲǣеĹײٴδ֮ǰֵǸλãһֻϸޱȵ֣ȥһŮӵ˫֡
Ҳ֪ǲײĸʮֳأ¸ԶҶĸоڹײ˸򲻿ײģֻҲҪȡ
״͵һͷһ۾룬ȴڿɲǡվһԵĹԳɫЩ֣Щ˵Ψһܹ˵ľǡԳǵģƼ˫֣Ѿµ˹ײ˵˭
ɵãС˾Գǣʶô
벻ǣԳǻûüش𣬶ԺȻ顱һײĸӱײ˷һֱӸ˿򿪵ʱõĺܴ󣬽⻤Ǻˮࡣ
ײĸӱ򿪵˲䣬һϤӰӹײ˳ȴûǵķվǶķҲǺӵĶ԰
ƾѰ˹ûüȥӶ԰վŵ˭ǵԣС˵˾䣺ղǱħģħ
⻰Ÿ䣬ԳǼȻʾƾӶ԰Ūĵ˾䣺ħɲô
ƾһæһתͷȴתͷɲֱԭأ˾䣺ޣ
ûƾɫ԰׵ĲУͷĲ˵ʪϣϵ·Ҳ߰㡣
Щȴģǣޱɫ԰ˣǰȴҪװһԼʲôûУֹͣӡ
ȴԼҡҡλεΣûǿŵαװԼҡޱȵȫ¶˳
ǲɢˣƾдżּǼ˹ôǱӣ뵽ǰĹѨ֮ǰɫǿ˵ģ첻ѡ
޻ûƾȴʱһƾˬĵط
ҪǴʱĹұƾһתֱȥƾǰĹҲôڵĹȴĲУƾģȴվԭ˿
˵ǵĿûʲôصĵɿŹԳǵĿȴżֿȣ
Ҳǣ޿ǹԳǵãôһ׸Աߣôܻǵϣ
˵ˣôһ԰ޱȣ۾ͷϵˣʲô˲佫أҲмڿȥˡ
ɴʱĹԳǵҲģԹĿⲻ˿Ӹףʱתͷʾ룺ڹȥô
ͷҲǿƵģҵֳǰȥ
ֱұߣŷ֣Ź޵ˣֻңƾԳˣڹ޳ôõʱѹûޡ
ɹȴܲô࣬Ҳ֪ʲôŵҪˣǳŵķȥҲŵķȥĳһ֣硣
֣Ȼܶƾ뺰ģȻԳǸ绹ǷĲа
ԳɲǣµĲ͵һ٣ɫЩͣҲֻ˲䣬Ƶģ̧ųǰȥ
ûйţվŵĶ԰ǣҲûΪվŶ԰ֹͣԹԵĳǰߣĸһûһţֱߵ˹޵ǰЦ⣬Ҹǰɫû˦ų
һ˦ɫˣҪǣƶֱӳƴˡ
ȴѡʱӲȥСĶԹԳǵ˾䣺硣
һ磬ǳᣬ㲻ôҰŮܹ
ƨš
Ҳ֪ǲǱ纰Գεûֱǿ˵˻
ڹԳǻµɲǣ޵˫о͵˿⣬ĨЦ⣬۵׻ĨŮƵı飬ҶĵĲС
ԳڿЩɲǣҲֱӻرܣǲ˵ҪƵġ
ܲܰһæ
޵ᣬеǷ壬ЩʲôˣǶôһĺŮģװģôܻôᡱ
˵
ԳǵȻֻ³һ֣һȴֲͷԼѾ˼ޣҪǹӵĻʲôûκôˡ
ҳȥ뿪
ǱԳŵòᣬҲϻˣæڣ˵Щ죬ЩȲ棬ʲôµĶ
ңһ˵⻰۵Ҳֲ죬㶵ĲУƺҶЩ棬ôˣܰųģ


361 ˴
Գһ⻰͵һ̧ͷʲô˼
ɹһԳ⻰ǷǳżƵģ㵸ָЩָ̫˺þãҲûָĵʲô˼ʲôֻ˾䣬˵ʲôΣա˴ĵط
һ⻰Ҳɵˣ
Ҷ˵ˣʲôطûҲûԼųʲôο޺ԵƾԳˣ
ҲΪ⻰ùԳǵɫ˲
Ҫһûʲô棬Ҳûͨ˵⻰Ȼʲôӣǰǹްټ֮ǰɫǲ˽ĹѨܹʧ٣ĵ׺Ȼֲ롭
òᣬǼм˰ɣ
ôҵľǼ˳Ǵ֩ĹΪΣ֮⣬ĵط㲻ʲô
˴ͱɫǺһĹѨôأ
ԳûֱӴӦ޵󣬶ǿѯ֮ǰɫôһֻҺƾԹԳȻǲ֪ɫǸ˲˹ģɱȹ޲ҵĶࡣ
ǡҲ֪Ҳ֪
Գһʡ뵽ʲôƵģµĻҡͷһûվȣֱӴӵϳбЩˤȥڱԳһѣɹȴʱ˳Ƶ˹ԳǵĻУ˫͵һաˣ
ڳĸλɵӣޱؽͭʹӹײȣֱǴСǿôܻᱻԳǵһ仰̼ʣ
ӱʲôͲ˾˵Ǵȥ
Ȼ֪ⶼװģҲûôȥŪѣյĻһۣƾȿڣʹԳǣǽô죿
Գҡͷ˵֪Цŵ˾˵ʲôоȨ
˵⻰ʱ򣬹ԳǵͰ㲻΢żŨŨĳҵĶ΢΢Щˬݺݵİһۡ
ȴһЦǲЩƵģеĻȨ˾롣
ȴûżش𣬶ǿ˹Գһۣ˶٣ŻڣߣǺпܱ׽
û뵽뿪˵⻰ȻվԭضʱɵۣƾԳǵĿⶼЩ졣
ɵãҿʾ룺׽ǱĹͣ˭׽ǣλǵǵʱݻôϵó
˵⻰ɲǣƾҲ죬ž˵һѣһѻص㣬Ҳ޷ڴԼǸ󣬻иǴϵķԲܳɳˣҲ鿴Ǳڵ
ɾһƾ⻰ЦŽ˾죬һɳأ
ƾ⻰Ǻɫһ֮󣬲ЦЦЩûףʲʲôɰɱˣһ˾ʮ־һ֮ϵ˭ǰ
˴ħҲߵ˶ܱųƾĻ˴ס죬ƾʱƿԡ
һģȴ͵˾뻰еһ˼ǾǣλߵݣпѾµ˭ˣλߵʵǿǿ۵ףҲСӹҼҡ
ҵ˼ԼԺпٵĹһ飬ǧȴû뵽ʲôǿزǸŮˣ
ô죿ƾٴοڣѯʵ
ɾȴ֪ɽлƫɽƵģ㲻£۵׻żЦĵ˾䣺̶ѨҲ߿
ĻŸ䣬ƾһʲôҵĶȴʱһЦŮЩϣڶЩǴԶŴģʮֿնڿ
ֱЦϣ֮˵֪ɽлƫɽУǾ롣
ҿɰ㲻İλߵô
Ǽαװıʶˣ
֮ǰǰˣЩĻҲǹҼҰɣ
ʱҵ͵ؽվһԵľ룬ȴߵûⳡŵ۵׷𼸷Ц⣬ԽսԽ£ֻǰķ˲
ôˡ
뵭ڣʮƽ·ֵĵжǿ󣬶ﾪ㲨
˵Ҫʲôʣߵٴ𣬿ӱôתͷ鿴ȴû߾λõĶ
ҡ
벻Ľ³³ɲǣ˲һˣǰһȾ޴ĹŸֱ飡
ɾĹű˲䣬ӳķǵλصߡ
˴
˴ĹźİУǱĲУϵѪҺһһδ£ڵذϣܽˮ
˳ѪҺµλһȴ͵ط֣Ľ£ѾһƬѪǱڰƵġ
ƿĹŵĶܴ˴˵Ǳ̧ͷȴҲУھƿĹŵɲǣ΢΢һ̧ͷ¶һҵ˾䣺Ƕˡ
⻰ʲô˼⻰˵֮ҵĿ⣬ȴŨŨͬ飬˾䣺Ҫߵˣ仰һˡ
վԭظûжɹȴ˴ɲǣ͵ֱۣӳȥǼ˴ôǱһ棬Ѿʧȥǡ
ڹ޳˴ȥ˲䣬ԳǸûӦӦҪӵʱȴֻץסһƬ½ǣץסˡ
ûжƾҲûжĿŹ޳Ĺź˴ķȥԳȥȴںԼʲôƵģȻˣվԭػǸʳ˼̻ı飬һȻ
ʧܵ˴Ҳûа취£ֻĿ˴ڰգΪ
˵ģҼ˴ܶ棬ݵĳҲӵһ棬СǼһ棬֮ǰǱҲ
ôǿҪ˵ģȴǸûм
ղź˵仰Ƿʲô֪ʲôƵġ
֮ԻӣȻûֱӵĹϵȴΪҡ
ĹѨʬ壬ʬΪͼͼȴΪҡ
֪Ϊʲôҿ˴ģԺкȻܶ໭棬кܶİĻ棬ҵһʶĻ棬ҵڶڳɽϹĻ棬һϱʱĻ档
ҺȻЩĲ̣Ժһ뷨Ҫڲ˴᲻˰
ȴֲ֪ҸʲôݣʲôȥһҶһֱҺ;ˡ
ǹĵĻҪĻȴ˽ף˵˵ڽĹѨ֮ʲôʲôˣ׷ʲôȻҺ;͹޳ȥô
˴ȴûлشңЦЦһҲ֪ЦЩʲô֮ȻڣұΪЭԸ˵˵׷ʲôȴȰҡ
ȻȰңͼĹѨܻȥ
һ⻰Щ죬˴Ϊʲô
˴ȴɵǲǵڶû
û˴⻰ʲô˼ʲôڶûɻĿ⿴ЦЦЦ⣬Ƿǳ⡣
֮Ҳף˴鵽ʲô˼Ĳ⣬ǲ⣬ȴҵ
档
˵׵㣬ĿԾ㡣
˴Щż˴ȴ˱ۣû˵
ʱһֱվ·û˵ĹޣȴżĿڣ˵ףҺףҺ˵ǽ֮ʲôˣʲôҺ˴ȥô
ĻŸ䣬˴ȴ͵ۣŭ𣿡


362 ˴
һ˴̬ķǳ⣬˵ѵñ˵
ɹޱôһֹȻ죬˵ֻǿҵĿżֿ⻹ҵһδĿ⡣
ҵĿһֻۣͷһ۾Ǽ˵ĿȫעҵϣһȻ
״Ĺڣ˴վŵķȥţ˴˻ȴҵĶԡ˵˻Щ󣬿ȷ˻˵⻰
Ҫǿ
⻰˵ĺ棬ȴǳ֣˴һֱǶ˰˿ȴһΪҺõӡҺ񡭡
Ĺ֮ĵطͬһ㣬̤㡣
ԽԽЩ棬µĲԽûͣЪ͹ԳǣƾҲҶɲǣҵƺǺܵʲô˺
һߣԵĸо˴ǼޱȵŨŨɱ뿪
˵˵ô£ô
ڽĹ֮ûڶվھʮ׵λͣĿȴû˵ǵĿңúŻ³һ䣺к𣿡
˵⻰ʱż̾Ϣмҿ˼󣬵˵ͷҡҡͷЩЦлûУҲˡ
⻰ģļǲˣ
Ϊ˴ʲô캦ˡ飬ңȴû˺ܼʱ򣬱ң
ģȻЦˡЦЩаЩÿر̺ǵĲΪ˲ɫʡ
һκòã
仰֣ʮأ˲䣬͵һ㶣Ȼ֮ǰٺʱҶǺա
ʱ˵ôˣ
ҲĿĿȴҴδϾ˶˺ܾãֱȻһ̾󣬶ҵ˾䣺¡
Ȼʱ˴ʮǱȻ棬ȴ˼СӣҲóȻǰͷһ۾룬Զҵ˵ͷźݺһҧ˴ķȥ
Ȼǰ·ֻж̶ʮףʮ׵·ȴⱲ߹ңԶ·̡
ߵĺһСĳ˴ķȥֱߵǰҵͣ£һλøңһĿҡ
ȻҵĽ٣ۺʱκλãǺݣ
ҺȻãǲЩۣ
Һ͹ޣɫԼŪ˺ۣ˲˹ûܺúõĹһ㿪ʼﻮһı
Ҳ֪ôȴˡ
ֻ룬úõĺ;ȥúõȥԼ£ȥԼȥΪԼΪˡ
Ҳҵ뷨ڵ˵һЩ
վڹøҵλϣһĿ˴˴ȴЦˣЦż棬амֵûаǳĸɾʹ˵ɱ˲գ۵ħȫˡ
˵кܶ棬Զжһ棬Եαװһ棬зɵһ桭
Լˣһ档
ʵһϲա
˴𣬲˵ţ˵䣬ϵµѪҺԴԴϵ£ڵϻδ
˳ȥȴԼ²ŵģȫ˴Ѫ˴ѪѪȵģĲУվ棬һɹɺֱҵĺ󱳣ҪԼһɹ壬ֱܱ¡
֮ǰ˵Ǿ仰û̫壬ȫѪˣֱ̧ͷ˫峺ޱȵҪղ˵ЩʲôȴĵĶҵ˾䣺㲻֪գҸȡġ
˴⻰͵һ㶡
˼ǣ֮ϲһգΪȡ
ʱҲ֪ǣˣǻգΪˣ˴ȴģմڵģҲԺ֮С
ɣҾ㣬ҲҪ˵ǽĹѨ׷ʲôֻҪɣߣòã
Ҽ˴ЩĲ̣֮ǰ͹ޱɫѾԺлɢգҺ˴ǵĳҪҲ˽±ֵĹѨ߲֣
͵أҪ˴Ǹն£˴ȴʱ͵رһ˳ȥﻹһ䣺
޷Ѿ;ĩ·˴ôģҷӦɲǣ޷ֻֿĿԼƳĹѨ͹ԳǻƾҲ˳뿪ĹѨ
˺ҲһǸûзֱӱ˳
ұĹѨɲǣһûɲסţ͵ײʯ֮ϣûʯŶŪ飬ҵҲʱ͵ؽһ۵ĲУ
ӵ˲䣬͵سǰǸĹȥȴ͵ط֣ǸĹҳ˲ô޷ǰĹŴ򿪡
Ҽվԭֱţ͵ػͷ˫۳Ѫ˿Ŀž룬ҪȣɾȴʱóͼȻͼ۳öһɾóͼԲģѵ˵
óͼ˴ģ
ɵã͵һ㶣̧ͷʾ룺˳ģ
ɾȴҡҡͷ̾һԱ˱ۣ˾䣺˴涪ġ
һ⻰һĸоȻ
Ȼ˴涪ģΪʲô
Ҫ֪˴֮ǰΪͼǺǶһɿȴôס͸ң


363 ߾
ʲô˼ҷվԭأĿž룬ɾȴû˵ֱӽͼҵ
ҵ֮ǰѾͼһı˵ͼʱڼ˴ҵ
ͼ
ֻһ߾ͼ룬߾ͼģ߾ͼֻᷢ飿
ʱҸ벻ô࣬͵شʲô˵ǳĴȴֿЩǴ﷢ģֱһۣϸ͵ط֡
ȻǴ˴֮ǰŵĹ֮󴫳ģĪģЩˣֱӽͼ룬͵ܵűȥûţ뽫ĹŴ򿪡ȴ˿
͵أٴνĿ׼룬̾һߵԣȴûֱӶ֣̮СЩ֮͵سĹŴһˣҳһ󣬰ҵסǰΣա
ֱԵԽԽСŽ֮ǰƵ˫ɲǣȴ֣ΧһƬǽ壬֮ǰҽǸĹѨҲȫǲԫϱڰû˴޵Ӱ
أ
΢΢һʱЩɻ볯ĹѨ߽ȥɾȴʱסңҡҡͷ
ܽȥ𣿡˵ʱѾĿԼɼҵЩǲϵĲ
벢ûֱӻشңǾĿҺþãһҵĶԣǲǵ֮ǰ˴һֱҲ˵ĹѨﵽʲôֻ˵ڹ
ĵסšһ˻Ӧ˫ž룬֪һ˵ЩʲôȫȻԵĹԳǺƾ
ʱĿ⣬ȻȫϣƺɻΪʲôһֱӣȴûп˵
Һǻɣ͵رͷһۣЦЦɾȴʱһҵԺ֮УҪû´Ļ˴˵Ϊ˵ܿʲô䣬ǽҪ˵ˣʲôֻ˵ڹпġ
ɫ˲һףĵ˾룺ڹ˭
ûشңʱǣҵ֣ǰȥƾԳ˸ȴû˵ص㣬ֱ뿪ǺӣߵԱһΪƫƧĹЩ̾ϢЩʧĵ˾䣺Ҳ͸
ȴ֪ûڹ˭ΪڹصжԼˣ޷
ɱԼ˵ģƾǹԳˣҪ֮ڹĻĲ֪ôźá
Ҳƾı²ԳƤҲпܻôױʶƣµģֻڹйˡ
һ뵽⣬ҵһ˲˱ۣ¶һɹʧǺ¡
ĻҵߣѾʶˣߵˣҪߵ˴˵ڹҸôԣ
Ǽһ·û˵ƾһԼˣЩ죬ǰңңôˣ˴ͼ㣬㼯ͼø˲ǰ
̧ͷ˿ƾǿЦЦСĵ˾䣺֪û£еˡ
µɲǣƾƶǶĵ˵ͷûڶ໰ȴʱתͷһۡ
һۿʮֵұΪֻΪ˵˳ҵҵģȴû뵽Ȼʱңôߣ
뵽ôؼʱ̾Ȼҵ͵һҡͷ˵˾䣺Ҳ֪
ɾȴѡԼѡһǼȥһ뿪
һڶѡ͵ʾ룺뿪ʲô˼
ɾȴʱͼ¶ң󵭵˾䣺һͼ
˼ԣҪôѡȥȥδ֪ĹѨһȥҵͼֱӽ⿪ж
Һȥ֪˴͹޵ôˣΪʲôǸ̮ȥҲ֪ĹѨʲô˭Ĺ
Ҹҵһͼ
߾ͼǶ˵Ҫǣµ˵ͦҪİɣ
̾һ˱۾Щ֪ôѡ񣬿ɾȴĵĿңû˵
˵Ϊƽ·˿ѡ񣬹е飬Ѿ𽥿ҪβΪĶˣ·Լѡҵ·
Һܻţ֪ôѡҲ붪˴ҵһͼԥֵʱ򣬹ԳǵȻңôѡ
̧ͷһ۹Գǣҡҡͷ˵֪ɹԳȴȰҿ뿪￴ʬǵϣĳ롣
ʬ屻Գ͵͵ǲ٣˴пߵϰ
Ȼ˴һɣҲܶ˵ˣο˴Ȼôؼʱ̣ŪֵͼңͳͼҲܶ
οǸСආ˴ħħֵǮ
ҵ̾һҪȴʱĿһۣһһ仺ĿڣҾãȥͼ
ȥͼ˴ô죿⻰ʱҲЩɵۣѹû뵽Ҳ飬⻰һ˵꣬뾹ĻҾ䣺ģˡ
Ȼ֪˴˾һ仰Ϊ֤һȻ˵ˡ
ǡ
Ӧˣ԰ɣ
һǺѶ˴ƾȴʱҲʼ뿪ȥͼҵ˾䣺ͼ߾֣»ز𣿡
ƾ⻰׻еĵߣ͵غݺһҧǵ˵ͷûڶǡ
ǰ߾ͼ֣ûʲôµˡ
ͼһһ䣬һʱûãҾ߾ˣͼʲô
ţƾѾֿʼҷ򣬳ȥ·ϻҰＯ˵ͼøͼһͼĶ
һƾ⻰ЩʧĽͼƾҡҡλεţЩ룬δķЩã
ɾȴʱסҵ֣û˵ȴһּᶨʵĸоһӣǵĸߣֻҪҵǵɽ𺣴Σ
ƾһͼĶȴѾʱ߳ĹѨֵǣһ·ϳİȫ˵κһǵϰˣһʬ嶼ûп
ֱ߳عߵǰǸţ˻ԭſŵıɫ͵һ㶣ͷһ۹Գǣƾо룬Сˣ߰ƭĹѨֱ䷨˴Ϊʲôô׵ķǽַǳȥ
ûлشƾҡҡͷԳǻһ䣺Ҳ档
仰µɲǣҵĶԺȻ˼УЩѣǱɫġ
ʱıɫ֮ǰҺƾĹѨǻӸǱ˲٣˵ӰƺǳȣſڵϣƺҪ˵Щʲôȴû˵
Ҳ֪ǲΪ˴ͼ֮ҿ˳˲٣Ȼʱǰɫ˵ɫɫźÿ˲١
Ҳû̫࣬ϾҲʲôˣϱӣⱲӶûٺңҵ¶ҲȫأʱԵͷʱ
ĸʲôʱȥģ
ָ˲ɫſ˵ֻ˵ĻЩѵĲС
ҵһֿۣ˾ˣĵǳ׿ʼߵˡ
Һ;ƾȥʱݣǳɹģΪҺƾ·ɫߵʱûϳңǼ֮󣬶ժˣɫϳǡ
ԣ˵ǲϳǵġ
ֻС
߿ܣиܵСˡ


364 Ѫ
û˵ȻҲûлشɫֱӿڣĹѨ֮ʲôһʣɫǼ˹Ƶġ͵ҡͷ˵Ĳˡ
һģ΢΢һ
ӱɫҲʲˣԽɫ;뿪ɱɫȴ̧ŵɲǣ͵קסҵСȣȵȡ
µ˲䣬³żɳƣקСȵҲ˻ҵĿУȻżֿ󡭡
ֻݺһҧ˶ľƵģһһ䣺
죬ɲԴҳȥ
һ֣˫͵һ˱ɫһʮָӣЩ֪ôش
ϾɫЩ¶̫̫ˣҪǿԣҵǰңҵǰۻգһ¡
ǣǰ׽ţȻٶĴ£ݡȴ޷ѵġ
֮Ժҷ죬ҲǺҴưɣ
͵أұ˱ۣû˵ȴңҲЩأһȴڿޡ۵׻ڡ
֪ԽұԽǶģԽǲҲƣǴ˿̵޼ƿʩڵӣ뿪˴һСආƶ
ȥˣվԭػûжɫĳѾСˣֻץСȵȴ˿˼֣ץҵıץһƵģ·˿̳֮⣬û˿Ծˡ
ȴģ֮⣬û˿ԾܾȣҲȥȡ
һվһԣ˭Ҳ֪ЩʲôƾԳȴʱ뻻һϷĿ⣬ҺͱɫĿĲɣƺڲ²⣬ҵǻֱӰ
죬Ҳ
ɫ𣬴żί񣬼ֺ£мηĲ
Ȼ֮ǰ˵Сģɿɫģȴˡ
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˵ģǸʮȥ룬ҶһһȻϾҪٱͱҵӣǾǸԼ˸׸
ҪǲƺЩ˵ȥɻӶҪը˵ɲǣȴʱ˳
ɵɣܻܲȥ컯
һ⻰͵Щ㶣˼̧ͷһ۾룬ȴûӾϿʲôһı鶼û
ɵãֻգ̾һָɫ˲ɫָ˹ȻǱɲֻſڵϣٻվǽߡ
״ǲ̫ڸʲôˣͶ˸Ϊ֮ı飬;룬ƾԳֱӳȥ
һСллСȴϤĲУɲǱɫ
һʶĻͷȴͶһĨҲ治嵽λлı飬ϵɫҲܸӣûǸȥ²뷨һۣûڶ࿴
ɾʱȴȻٴ𣺡ҡҿһ𣿡
Ҹհͷתǰֳһת˵ͷʡ
棬м˴͹𣿡벻ǣȥһֱûûβøжıɫʱһ⡣
󣬵Щ΢΢㶣˴뿪ͼһĻȴʱҵԺݣ͵أһӿҵУҪشɫȴԼ֪ôش
һʿˮƺ˺ܴŶԱɫЦŵ˾䣺
ǡ𣿡ɫٴʵ˵䣬Һ;ǵķ
Ҷҡҡͷ͵ض˵ͷ˶֮ŵ˾䣺Ӧ£ҲӦû£Ҳ˵塭
˵⻰ʱٴͣһ˫ӿһɻٴοڣΪʲô˵ĹѨ׼ʲôʲô
Ϊαɫ֮ǰһңû뵽ǣɫʱһ˺ܴľƵģ˵ĹѨһ޴󷨣ݺһУĹѨ֮һֱһڸңĹѨģģģܺκ˵һ
˵⻰ʱͣ˼룬֮˵˴ҲղĹѨ￴ʲôʱشǸȻٴ
һɫ⻰һ˵ЩȻΪʲôֻĸ
ΪǱŪӣĸҪôأ
ɫ˵⻰ұû˵һۣ˵ͷ۵׵˼ԣҺ;ƾԳҪˣܲȥรɡ
һֱΪɫСǼر𲻶øжͻرȴû뵽Ҳûôȱɫɫ۵׾һĨĨмȻû˵ȴҵĵ׺Ȼָо
ɫòǡ
ҸĹ˰ɣ
ûڶ룬ҲûɵΪɫмıһĹѨϾ֮ǰݺҵЩ¶˵ʱ򻹸׸Ѿ御ˡ
Ⱥ;룬ƾԳǴĹѨʱҷ֣Ѿˣ˵ˣǻɵһƬ̧ͷⶼټ֮賿¶Ƚϵͣһ⾮оԼ¶ð
һɹɲǣһ⧲һ磬ȴ֡
ԼȻѪˣ


365 
ѪվһԵľƺһҪţӿڴͳһֽıѪɣңû°ɣ
ҡҡͷ˵û¡ĪģȴԼµĲЩκΪʲôκЩ˵ܸоǰһЩ棬һƺӰ룬ƾԳ˵ĻҾȻ塭
Ҿֻܿɶ͡ǹеĶƺˣ·磬һĵӰҾǸӰˡ
ĪģҺȻЩ¡﷢˼УɷеɲǣȴӺ£
ҾȻԼļжˣ⵽ô£
͵أǰһһɺڰ˲ϮңֻоԼһᣬ͵ʧȥƵģ·˵ϣַ·˭ۼֿıסңȴоˡֻܸоǰһƬڰڰңҺӣȴûһطǹġ
طֲܿҴŷǳ£ҲڰĿռ﷢˻𣬿ȴûңָоϤҲ׹ȴ벻ˣеļ䶼ûˣֻһͷǾ뿪
ҲϵƬڰп񱼣ܴ󣬴ĿĴܣĴԾαܣԾȴҲκһͻƿڣҺܺ£ȴָоԼҪˣָоܣЩѹ֡
ȻҵĶԴһϤϤҵĶԣǳů˷ǳرϤƵģһ볯ķȥ£
ҲںڰбܣȴƬԽԽģȻҵ֣
ֺҾֺҷ죬ֺһգֺúϤȴ޷˭ġ
֮ҾůҪΪĶλһǳС
ʱȻҺ˾䣺Ƭڰҵҡ
ЩնһǳԵվɶڴ˿̷ңֻͷӬһ˵ȴǺڰеһݣҲòץ
͵أҳźڰеһȥȴû˲䣬һǳ۵ĹУұЩۣƵǰɱɹģȴȻá

ů
ҳɵɲǣƺ𽥿ʼСˣҽǰֻ£ȴ͵ط֣ҾȻվһƬïܵ棬Ƭӵľ÷ǳïʢҶڸͷϵ̫޷սƬҲƬԵЩɭ
ҵĶԣ˼УϸһЩѻĽΧ޲͸¶һɹϢ
ЩϢ˵ȴûô죬һ
ϾٿֲܱƬڰĿռɲ٣ô
֮ǸҵѾʧˣתԴĴһȦȴҵ󣬾ȻһС·С·ͨҲ֪ȴǳĺ棬ɵҵŽżסһĳС·ȥ
С·խҶеѾƣΧ˲ȹĺۼȴǺʱ򣬾ͱ˲ȹƵģȥһ顣
С·Ҳ֪ãоС·ȴҸоԼƺߵͷֻҧӣСߣֱǰȻһӰҵĽŲͣ
ͣɲǣΧľҲˡ
ԭ뿪СֵĵطȻһƬԭһ޼ʮԭϺܿտ뻹һƬ޴ĺӰʱվںǰңһ
Ӱŵ·ʮϤЩİȴһֱ벻˭ֻСĳķȥ£
˭
ţۿҪԣ׳𵨶СĿڣ˾䡣
ӰһĵƵģӦûУԭĶվԭһ
Ҽ״ЩˬڰݺݵԼһѣȴûһô˿̵ҪˣΪԼľȻһʹжûУ
ֱߵӰԣĿ̧˲䣬Ҳתͷһۡ
ҼɲǣŵȽһ͵طһУǿʲôǳµĶҵΧȴʱһëȻЦ
ǰվŵӰȴСһЦųϵıѾһҹߵħǳˣ˵ģȴı飬ҲЦ
ǡ

Ҽĵһۣʦ֮ȴϱ仯һʦһ̵Ҽˣŵľѣ
Ҳϵĺˣ﷢һµĵͺ𣬿ȴŲæǰ۾Ц䣬üëֱҺ˵ķԼѾû·ԼֻѾˮУƨɵŵĵطЩʪֹͣ˶Ҹվȴʱ͵ؼӿŲվҵǰЦЦޱȵңٵʦ̵֮任
Һµӣɴ˿̵ȴ޷ǱʲôԭƵģֻܴԭأűĪϻҵ񾭡
ˣҵʶ͵ҲЩɢǿʼ۵׵ɫҲƮ죬ʧȥǰĹһˡ
·˿̣ҪʲôͨǰһʩչܽҵĻǹߡ
ҲʱҵĶԣ
򵥵һƺҵ־ǰ𽥻ɢʱ
һذףͱǰǸˣɱ
ٴ𣬿˵ĻȴЩ㶣
ʲô˼ҵһذףɱǰˣ
ô֪ҵһذף
ǰӰڲϿٵı仯̺ʦȴ֣ʱҾȻԶˣɵãСĽǺˮڷһʯͷ֮󣬾һЩĶ
ɲǣЩ˷ܣ뽫ȴһСĻ֣۵Сġ˻һ͵ؽذ˲䣬ֱӴǰӰ
벻ǣذ״ǰӰŵɲǣǰӰȴˣһ̵ֱ̳ҵı飬̲˼ң۵׻żʧ
Ҽ飬ܺ£ھΣȴѾˡ
ʱҵһ¾ǻܣԼԺӣʱһ룬ƾԳ˶ҵԣ߸ǵλϸ԰ݷһֻ򱻷һڷҡҷ
˵ɫЩӣܴ⸴ӵɫпһ·ǽҴʲôԨоȳƵġ
һ飬ɵЩ죬ҪӵôˣȴɲǣǰһʲôɳһĶҵüϣĶɢŪһǡ
֣뽫ŪϵɳӲȥȴԼֵֻϾȻһ֯ĺƯĩϵֵ̧Ķ쳹ڿ֮С
⵽ô£
ҿԼϰŵĺ㶣ȴ֣ԼĽϾȻҲһԣ
õġ
ƾһۣĻشһ䣬·شҵһô޹ؽҪ飬͹Գȴû˵һӵĿҡ
ƾĻͷ˿ղŵĵطȴҸղŵλϱһף׵Ա߻ŪһȦɰ
ҸղεòŪĹɣ
ЩҲɵÿڣƾ٩һ䣬⻰˵ģȴǵ٩Ҿýָͷ뵽֮εǺλйأ
ƾһ⻰ƺһ͵ضԷ˸ۣһ䣺ѾûģҪûЩĻûˣ


366 ƾڼ飿
һƾ⻰Ŀ͵һԺ˲両ֳƬڰеĳؿںƣ·͸
ƾģҲû˵ֻǽԺڷŵĶˣԼ̯¶õŶݼ׾֡
ѾˮʪЩģ壬ϡĺۼԿƾֵʱ൱棬пڰҹʱľ֣رţ߬ģԳ
߾ͼλʾĺ֡Ȼڲԭ
һ˵ţƾһ߽ľ̯ĵ˾䡣
һ⻰˫͵һתͷƾڲԭ𣿡
ƾ˵ͷ˵Ǻ֣ΪǰǳκعͲԭûκιϵҲûʲôȥԭ
˵Щתͷһ۾룬Сʾ룺ڳ𣿡
û˵Ŀȴһֱûƫ뿪ҵԣ˼֮󿪿ڣȴûлشƾĻңûﲻ
ǰľֺ£·ھһšһҡҡͷ˵ûУɾ뻹Щ̫ĵĿһۣ·Ϊұ¶뵢г̣ڲ̫ȥһͼ
ƾԳȻǿ˾뷨ЩżϾһҵ߾ͼȰѵȨҲҵ壬ɵö죬վԭظż
ҼģЩԼʲôʱ˶ֽŹ˻궼ûע⵽
ҲŰ⻰һ˵ƾȴһ䲻ңұֽŹ;룬Գ˶ΣΪұֽŵʱ򣬾֩ĵ֮ڣȴûһ˲ġ
֪ΪΣƾ⻰лƺżִ̽żְʾڰʾʲôЩֱҿžЦЦı飬Ȼ
ѵ˵ƾʾ˼ǣΪڹ֩ĵ֮ڣֽŴȴûз֣
ǸڹȻǾ룬ҲĻʾǾ룬ֲֻʣһֿܡ
ڹǹԳǡ
ڹƾǹԳǣҲ뿴ĽζĴڹʵôλεİҵǰ˴Ҳǲ˼١
Ժ˼˺þã̾һ˱ۣԾǵ˾䣺ھȥҵ߾ͼɣûµġ
⻰һ˵꣬뻹Щ̫ĵĿһۣûʲô쳣ſһƾȻû˵۵׵˼ȴ൱ԣƾû¶
ƾȻܷŹôһˣȵĻᣬæҡҡͷ˵ֻҪֽϵĺ¾ͻû¡
һƾҪǰѺ»ô
ƾ󣬵һ䣺壬ɢ
Ȼôأĵ͵һ۵ֲ˼顭
Ϊʲô˶ôصĺ֣ҾȻһûУ
۵׸ɱ⣬ɵĵΪҵĬӡ
˶ϵˣ󶼲ʲôýϾǲٿˣ˾ˡ
ƾ⻰ȻյһǰЩߣȴֲҵļ̾һһĨܸҵĿ̡֮
ƾһͼķλڲԭ巽λȻɹŴԭһͷһƬɫ֮С
տʼϢûжֱ֣Һ;ǵ˲ԭ˫ŲĲݵϣ͵ز
һƬ̣һƬԭôһʱξεĶһģһ
ֻңһƬ޴ĺǺߣһӰϱ仯ʦ̵
һƬԭѰ˺ܾãֱҹûҵʲôҴ˯һƾȴʱסǣٵһ֡
״Ҳɵöƾ˸ۣ٩һ䣺֮ǰôͲ֣
ƾȴĻһۣǴżֲмĵ˾䣺Ϊ˭һɵѽⶫһλ׼Ķ˾Ͳ׼ˣ򲻵ѵʱ֣˷𣿡
һ⻰˵ҲЩҲû˼һԿƾϾ֡
ҵĶȴʱǴ˻ЩһʼĻȽԶȴԽԽԽԽ·ҵԣֻ˲䣬ܽһȺ˰Χ
״Գ;ȥҺƾԭصǣ˳ƾúöϾ֣˵⻰һ۾룬ûʲôžˡ
ֱӰʧҵǰƾĿ͵شԼľѳ̧ͷһۣңûùԳʲôֵģ
һ⻰ЩЦĿһۣǺ͹Գǹȥôôһֱ˼ңɻԼ
˵⻰ǴŨŨĵ٩ϾƾʲôϵԳʲôϵԸŹԳͽҲԸƾǡ
ңȥ벻ƾʲôԱҺ;ġ
ƾһ⻰ɫ͵һ䣬Ȼˣ
Ҫ֪ҺƾôЦҪôҶ죬Ҫôͺ;״ɴûҰɫģȻ˵ĻǴҪرˬĵط
ƾڳģҵҲ˰ء
ѵǹԳ
ҳԣЩҽ
ƾĽ仰˵ᣬżֵŭ⣬ȴ֪̣Լеŭ⡣
Ҽ״æ˸ЦĵȴһȻһЦֵͦģȴƾӣҲֵˡ
ƾݺݵĿһۣĵװҼһƵģң㻹ǲǵã㱻ֽŹ£Һ;붼û֣㲻֪Ϊʲô𣿡


367 ̣
ƾĻû˵ȴѾ˼ΪʱǹԳǸһ֩ƣҵʱǱһӴεģҵ˭Ҳ֪֮ʲôҲ֪˶ƾ;ǲųֵġҸ֪
ڴ֮ƾ;ǰʱҪ뺦ңҪ޷죬Ҳ̫ѡ
뵽⣬ֻоԼؿϢѣЩʹ˱ۣԺиֳȴǸ˵ԼҪɣȴֻܴſЦкЦݡ
ƾ˵Щʲôʱ򡣾͹Գȴˣʱ˵ɫЩϾϲǱҲǾʲôһ˵˭ǷǼƵġ
ֱߵҵǰʮȻǣҵ֮Ŷƾ˵˾䣺ղźɰ˵ǲģҺ͹Գ⸽һȦһûУƾշһ
ƾû˵ȽԼľø룬Գ˿˿֮˵ԭȥʲôûСȴĵطΪԭпڼǰͱ˲һ֣Ҫû´Ļֵ֣С
һ⻰üͷһҲ֪ʲôƾͶ˸˵ȥƾż˵ԭķˮǰŶݼеİվŵĵطǾŵλãСԸղЩʲôӦöɶӰ죬ʾ߾ͼܿеš
һŶ֣ɫЩˣǰţƾƺĿ⣬̧ͷһۣ۵ʮƽŽȥ˵žǲԭǷ֮ΪΪ޹ԣﴺգΪš
ƾ⻰Ÿ䣬ûʣԳǵĶȴҸ죬ﴺ봺Ǵ죬ȻĴԭϣȴǷӲãô
Գǳеһ⻰ɵ̧ͷһۣ뾹Ҳʱ̧ͷŹԳǵĿⶼżɻƺû뵽ԳǶ԰ŵоȻô͸
ƾԳǵĻ˵ͷ˵˾䣺ԣǲеҡ
ƾ˵ôϻȴû˵߾ͼʲôط
ɵã죬ƾƾȴʱһۣЦҵĻ˵йɵģʱǵλǾţϷ빬žȻǲԶ󡭡
ôˣһƾĻæʵ
ƾüӵĿһۣС˵˾䣺ż˵꣡
Ҽ״˱죬ƾ˵ȴܵĲУҪôؼʱ̣һֱӻѾĸұң
е֣ȴˮλ˼ǣŵλãпԭһƬ֮УڣˮĻţźпԱߡ
˵ģȻҲԶŶݼף֣ƾо˶꣬о˶ꣿ˵⻰۵ףҲֻһ֪⣬Ǵ󶮡
Ҷһ֪ⲻ̫ˣȻѹֱƾҪϻƨͰˮ
ƾһ뾹ȻҪˮŵɫˣæڶԾ˸򡭡
ɫһ䣬ƾĻֱӱʻüżǵλһ֮У߾ͼţȻҲǺ棬ֻţˮźܻܿᴦơ
֪ΪʲôƾĻкȻٴθֳǸ桭
ͼڴԭһƬ֮УμĶʵ̫ˣ⵽ɺϣʲôı
ʿˮ˾룬ƾԳһۣЩ֪òðԼμĶ˵ֺ¹Գڼ飬ҪμĲıһЩҵĶô죿
ɻɲǣѾҳϷȥ¹ھϣ·Ϊһ⣬رҫۣ·һƬԭΨһĵ׺
ƾ͹ԳһԣֵֻͲֱƵģҺ;롣
ԭķ紵ĺᣬ̲ݵķ㣬ҪһҪǴ˿Ϊһͼȴзɶã
뵽⣬̾һȴҲףЩҲֻˣϾ·ԽԽˣõ˵߾ͼᷢʲôһжδ֪
˺ܾãԽǰߣԽЩϤֱԽһƬ޴ĺǰɲǣ˶ֱɵԭء
˵֮ǰֻǾЩֻ֣ڻɵĻ
Ǵ˿̣ϤĲϤĺĵֻʣˣ
ĺһģһȻϣΧһ޼ޱȣɾǻɻңҶϳһһľرǡ
뱳ǵǸӰǺһȫغһ
ͬǣǰ죬һˣʵǺҹǾ룬ƾԳˡ
Ҳ֪ǲ𾪵ĶЩ̫뿴һۣƺЩ죬뻹ֱӿңôˣ
ҡҡͷ˵û£ȴԼЩ·˿ĵطظԭμǧиԭӦƵġ
˵վŵˣ˭
ƾ𣬴żֵ٩ָָǰǸӰ
ʱ˾ǰӰλûЩԶ˵ĻǰվŵӦġ
һƾ⻰ĵ׸ӽţλߣȴʲôƵģκ
ԳƾĻûشֻЦЦЦ̺ණ·Ц·ǴżֳŪ
ȴޱ飬۵׵Ŀȫ㼯ҵϣû˵
һǰȥǰӰԽԽ˵Ŀⶼ֮ǰζΪ˽ź;裬ƾҲû֮ǰǰ٩ﾯԱֳһڿ쿿ӰɲǣԸµǰߵӰԡ
ƾӰȥҪߵԵɲǣҵһ͵ȫ
·ں£·ڵģ
˶ΪӰƾԵɲǣתƾʱӰȴûжƾĿȴŨŨ𾪣һС
ƾĴ˹ȥܹȥʱƾѾʯԭأڲƾ׿ʲôôȵʱ˾񱻹һˮ࣬վԭضá
ǰӰȻҵ̣ԣȻ̵ʬ壡
̵ֻʬ壬¹ں֮ڣʬͻѪȴѾϣ·Ѿ˺ܾãȴû˷֣ʬϻиõļȴΪڲԭϱ紵ѾЩɣֹͣ˸á
̵ʬӱϿûʲôߵǰȴܿǱ۹ŵģٶ壬һָֻ죬һָֻأһĨޱȵЦݣǸǴһǱĿӣ˲ٹ졣
̣
Ҽʬɻ˼֮󣬱㷢޴ĲҽУҪǰȴݺݵסŭһ䣺ⲻ̣
һ⻰ʱЩɵۣʲô˼ⲻҵ̣
ɾ˵仰ȴûںҷϻ˿̵ңԺҳһţʹĲУ˼ֻòϿڣȥʾ룬ɾȴ񲢲˵Ƶģվԭرûж
ƾһվԭضЩ֪룬Գȴʱǰ̵ʬ壬ƺҪʬŵĺ۳£Ҽ״ȥϾº۶Щ󲻾ɾȴסңұܡ
ұס˲䣬Գǽʬϵĺ۳


368 ˣ
ԳǳӵɲǣȻֻж̶̼룬ҵȴǼ뼫ټӿ죬·һ붼ƵģҺҪͣɲǣڱ˿
ϵǡӱƿֵġˡ̣һ̵ķǳ棬ݸ⾹Ȼһ
Ҳѹ֣ղŶŭ˵ⲻ̣ҼɲǣɵҲһ
Һạ̃Ϊʲô̵
ƺ˿̲ңҲʶ⡣һɫϾ˵Ŀⶼ⡣
ʱƾȻڣ˵ҪҪҿһ
һƾ⻰δЩ죬ôòҪҿ
û뵽ǣԳǾڴ˿Ҳš˵ҿ񿴿
Ҫǰ̵ʬ壬еȨֻһ̵Ҿ飬ҲûͣɵýĿһת˾룬ȴû˵ǿһۡ
Ҳ֪ǲǴϿ˲ãԸȻڡԹԳǺƾ˾䣺Ȼⲻ̵񣬵Ҳ̣ҿе㲻̫ðɣ
˵⻰˵ĺί񣬿ڳĸλĸˣȻ˾뻰е֮ƾ͹Գ˿˾һ֮󣬱ûҪҿˣ죬Χ
ĬںΧ鿴һʱ䡣ıֻʣҺ;룬ҿ˾һۣԾ˵Щʲôе㲻˼һֱҭ˵
״ֱңôˣ
Ҽ뿪ңŶڵ˾䣺ûʲô
⻰һ˵ЩڣϾԼʲôرʾ룬Ϊʲô̵Ϊʲô̵ģôģ
֪ǻǰʾʲôɺϣ˵̵ʬ⸽
̵ʬ岻Ǳ𣿶̵ʬûʲôôһ֮˵ʬ壬ܹ
Ժе˼ܶ࣬һʱرңǲ֪ôں;˵ЩֻΧתһȦ뿴ܲҵͻƿڣȴʧˡ
һ覴õĵ񣬷ǳǳӶûУͻƿڣ
״Ҳɵ̾һЩɾȴʱֿһ䣺㵽ôˣ
⻰ʵģҲ̲סԼʵһȫ˳ر࣬겢û̻شңǶ˼֮Ŷҵ˾䣺ǲǵã̺ͼرࣿ
һĻ͵ص˵ͷ˵ǵãأ֮ǰһ̵ֲĹײһôһ˵͵ػȻ
˼ɲڸң߾ͼпܣйϵ
ɼȻйϵ̵Ϊʲôһô״̬
Ҫ֪飬ɺʦʱʱıеƣرǱĿӣǳʦʱĲ״֮⣬޵ڶˡ
ĿһֱעҵϣǴҵϿҵɻ󣬾ʱڣҵ˾䣺ûãܻһְʾ
һ⻰Ŀ΢΢ʾ룺ʲô
ȴһ䣺ʾʲôҲ֪ߵʵҪôʦҪộʦ̣
Ļû˵ֺγе˼
λ̻ʦǷǳֵ顭
Ϊ̣ʦᴩ飬е飬Ҵһʲô֪ͷƵĿʼ飬Ǳġ
һ;˵Щʲôʱƾ͹ԳѾһȦҲ֪ʲôɫʮѿ˭ǷǼ򲻻ǮƵġ
Ҽ״Ӵһ٩ǲǼʲôŮûҪϵʽ
˵⻰յģ⻰ȴЦˣЦǽһаЦл
ֻ˵ͷ˵˾䣺УǸŮ
һ⻰æ˫ۣġʵļٵģ
ΪںҿЦû뵽ȴʱֱҺ;ߵ˺һͷ
ǳҪߵһͷҪôǴӺĹȥҪôֻϺܳһԲΣӺĹȥ˵ȻСһʲôȫһδ֪ǼȻɵðôȥӺĹȥֻʵʵԲκߵ˶԰
û뵽ǣ
ߵ԰ɲǣˡ
Ƭˮﲻ˾޴ĲվںϻĿȥӰ¾һ޴ĹƵģ̻Իͣ
⹬棬һȥĹŮ̫࣬ŹŴķΣĲС
״ˣҪ֪ǸղվϿˮһƬžɶûİ
֪ΪʲôˣʱƾȻڣЦӯӯĵ˾䡣
⻰Ȼ˵Ŀ⣬һʱǵĿȫ㼯ϣƾѾȴʱװأֻ˵һ룬㲻˵ˣڳһʮַı顣
ֱӶ˸ۣ֮һ۾룬ΪΪƾȴû뵽ֻǰһ¶˸ǳı飬˵۾ƾ۵׵ɫȴһڶƾ˵һ仰㰮˵˵
ƾƺҲ˾̬ȣĲУرھǰ΢һѣġߡһͲû̵ϡ
Ҽƾֱ̾һƾһɣȴò̾һúõˣôž룬ô
ĪģԺиֳƾھ뱳׷žĻ棬¶ʱ˲ټƤҪ֪ƾ֮ǰϲǻգһֱһΪƾǲϲ롭
ԳһԿƾģȻĲУҿӣ֮ǰĹԳƺѹûƾᳶ˳һĨЦ⣬ȴƾ׽˸ţ
ƾˣ߻ôһˡڿţֻ˲Ͱ֮ǰǸģǸɷǣǸӡ
Ҽƾһĵײò̾һ䣺ƾȥԱĿϧˡ
ҸЩԼûƾˣôһϻѵ˰һƤƶܲƣ
ƾ˲䣬˳ɤӣЩɢڵǲǵãôݷõģ
⻰һ˵˶ʱѻȸû˴
֪ƾֵĶʲôģ˸Ц˾䣺˵
ƾһۣ۵ȻҲЩȴһĨͶ˸ʶı顣
ĵ׶ƾ˸ۣȴûʱȥֻĵĵƾ˵ȥ
ҲˣֶҲˣƾҲôûзִˣµı㽫ֵ˵˳ƾֵͦûɶõģֺôһ¡
ƾ˵һָһָñǿʲôʲôڵĵطһϸرǰһָһָصĶϵһȴ¡
رǰһָһָصĶͷ̵Ĳϵһ飬ڸһ£λߣʵһ£ϾһָһָؿĲı־Զ˼ǣϵΨҶ
ʣ£Ĳҷ˺ݻ֮⣬λɽܹ˵ôĻ
ߵʵһĲּġ
ңһָһָظһְʾõͼõͼ
Ͼһ仰˵ĺ
ͼߣ£
ûһ仰˭Ϊ˼ƻһ
ɼҲˮµûаϵ
ɵãҽĿһתĿƾһۣƾȴҵ˾䣬ұżΪƣ̻Ի͵ĹŮ̫ɣǲǸ֤ʵһ£
һ⻰üëʲô¶
ƾᳶ˳ǣһ䣺Ǹ¡
˵Щʲô˶٣ֲһ䣺˵õһϵĵλ
֪Ϊʲôƾ⻰էһͦģˣ־ƾôڳ
ɵãҵһƾû˵ʾ͹Գǽô죬ȴƾߴ˵һͨĻͦġ
ãһŮ̫ҲģǵӰ
Գǵڣƾƾ˵ͷ˵԰ôܻǵӰҪǵӰӰѵӳˮĶЩŮ̫໹йܲɣ
ԳƾĻЦЦû˵ȴʱڣ˵˾䣺ȻòǵӰȥЩŮ̫𣬻еôһ¡
ƾһȻҪԼȥɫ͵һ䣬ЩѿЩ԰ףͷҡĶ˹ƵģҼ״ɵó˳ǡ
ƾ˵ͦ˵ģҪжʱզôηηأ
ƾҡͷȴû˵һֱڷЦЦŵҿĺ󱳶οһĲеƾ
µľͰҡŵͷͣСʾ룺Ҫȥ£ǻ𣿡
һ˵ڣȴĵĴ˾䣺ᡣ
ּһˮֱõƾԴϣֻƾɫ͵һңȴκβ룬ͨһȻȥ
ҿƾȥӰЩ㶣ﻹЩΪƾģϾЩ죬һôĵйŮ̫ࣿ
ƾˮ֮󣬻عͷҺ;룬Գһۣ۵״żֲˬˮĶȴһƵģǳѸݣۿƾµľҪεˮףЩŮ̫ߣҲ̲סС˾룺˵ǹŮ̫ǻģģ
Ӧʬɡ뵭һ䣬ȴ̧ȫעĶˮµƾҲ⣬Ͼһ춹ģ˵ŲƾƾҪǳµĻһǰģһǾ롣
ˮµƾѾεЩŮ̫ԣεԵƾȴǷʲôƵģ۵𾪲˵ζĶ˲٣Ǳʲô׷Ƶģ͵ˮζҼ״ЩģС˾룺ʲô°ɣ
ɾȴûشңɫ裬·һƾ£ˮС
벻ǣҵԤӦˣƾˮ¾סĲƵģȻͣӿӰˮ·˰ۡ
һ͵شƾĿ³ˮƵģ˲Ұס
״ԹԳһ䣺չ˺ȥ
͵أֱԾˮУһ˻ֱӴҵϡ
ұ˻Щ㶣վԭسٳûзӦʱľѾεƾԣһƾļϣƺƾû뵽ǣʱ벻鷢ˣ
ˮµľ룬ƾƾȴקž룬Ѿ볯ק
״վڰϵĵ˵
յķ·һ붼͸ˣ
ֻˮ׻ĳ棬һʱЩѷʤһԿˣҪȥˣ⶯һԳȴ͵סҡ
ʲô
ƽĲУһ˿
ɵãһͷһ۹Գǣȴڻͷ˲һ
̵񣬾ʱܵ˹ԳǵޱȵҷЦ
ͷƤ˲䶼ˣӲ仰²ԳǼˣüͷңôˣİоڣƾܳʲô£
֪ڵĵĲ


 ƪ


369 
ʱҵѿֻʺԣɹԳȴΪҵĵǾǣֻ˻ҵ۾ιһҵôˡ
Ҳָָ̧֣Գǵĺ棬ＸĽ͵˵˾䣺㡭㡭
Գһķңʲô㣿ж𣿡
Գƽôһˣôڹؼʱ̳
ұĲУûֱȥˣվȴһֱڶЦ˫ǻƵģŨŨɱ⣬ұɱŵڼ̵ǲ֪ô졣
Գȴʱսҵһ·Ƕҵ顣ɲǣ͵һ۱䣬תɲǣֱӽ
˲䣬ֻоԼһԳҲûеô
ɾ˲䣬ҵĶ͵شһϤЦЦ
ôô
Ҷ벻ȥԺӲ뻢ڣǣֻоҺ͹ԳվŵʼݣӰȴٳûг̵֣Ҳ˲ʧԭأתͷôңӰȥ
ԳңԾȫȥĽžǱ˵ذƵģˡ˵뿪ˡ
ˣֻĿԼϿʼݣŵɫˣʹԳǣô죿
ɹԳȴûңж취
ȥԳǻûһȻֻԼ͹Գһ˵صף֮ǰĿתˮסˮµľ뾹ƾס޷ѣĿʱѾƾˣڵҵϣȻû۵ǼеĿɲڸңң
Һ͹ԳѾ˵صףΧһƬڰΧǰʲô벻ǣʱԳǾȻڣңûһ̫ˣ
һԳ⻰һʱЩûĿһۡʲô˼
ͼλ⣬ƾģģǴ뻢ڣղųôණûͷûβģҲûݣģͷûʲôôȴһ㡣
ԳǵıʮϾһĿڵ
ĵ㣿ŹԳǵæʵԳȴʱЦһЩͷȻûãȴǺ׵װһףȵӣһںʲô£ǲǵһȥ
һԳ⻰üͷȴ˼֣С˹Գһ䣺ԣ
ûˡԳǻ䣬ȴ޵Ĳ롣
ȴڸңƾڼ飬֮ǰƾžһĻѾ³ƾڼ飬˵ͼˣڹԳһ˵һ֣ڻĸо
ڰУû˵ǽŵĻΧСĵӿΧʲôþɲǣҵĶԺȻꡱһڵʲôر
һ룬ҵǰ͵һΣΧǽϾȻһյյ͵ƣֻ˲䣬Щ͵ƵĹϯңҵյͨ죬ҲΧһжӳ˳
ԳվҵԣΧɳǸղŴʱģ̧ͷ뿴ܲ취ȥȴֶϹ⻬ı˵һҺ͹ԳݵĴˣһСûС
״ҵɫЩ΢΢԰ףȴҲ֪Լмˣ
뱻ƾסƾղֵʱҵͼˣϳ˾ǰҵöİ֮⣬ҲûκܷĶ
֮ʵһĴܶңολأ
ȻҵйԳǣԳǻᱣңɲ֪ΪʲôƾġĪЩǴ˵̫š
ֻھߴľˣӵǱѧ˼֣ȻڻɹԳǣҲûɵ¶ǽĵס
ϾһݷҲǺõģ˭֪ûһҪһܿĻԼ
ҡ
뱻ƾţʲôʱܹҶ
վԭط˺þãԳǾȻվһԿҷ˺þãֱһ̧ͷһۣſңǽô죿
ҡҡͷ˵֪ȴԼ͵ظ˻ȥԹԳЦЦ취ȥ𣿡
Գһҡҡͷ˵ûʲôա
⻰Ҳûڿ˵ص¡ת
Һ͹ԳǴڵĵطĹѨĹңĹеҵĽṹǽڵԱ߻һСͨˮģеһЩͨ
ΧǽǶ˴ССשͷȻСһȴڷ룬שͷ滹̦Ὣ̦ٿ֣שͷִ̫õש飬еǹŴǶڳǽϺĹѨ
ڹ۲ΧĶԳҲûţߵһͷ۲µĽṹﻹö壬ϵꡣ
Ҽ״Ҳö˳
˵ģͼ߾켯ˣ飬ȴеһ֪⣬֪ΪʲôһйԳǻа壬Ҳ֪Ϊʲô忴رҪƵģԳҲ
ҵöˣû̧
ܿ죬öϴһůůҵģǾҵǰ㣬ů
ԽԽЩ嵽õģɻɲǣԳǺȻסңҽеĸǰңûãڴڵĵطпǡ


370 īĶ
ĻԳǻûü˵ҵĶԱһŲ
ԳǵĿ͵رû˵ֵǣԳǲ˵ŲȻҲʧˣ·Ҹղֻһ
ҪǹԳҲˣΪǲԼأ
ΧһƬžԳ죬ƺ˵ȥɾʱŲٴ˼
һŲʱһû˵ȴѯʹԳǲڰ͵ǣ
ɹԳȴҡҡͷСҶԵӦǲܣ͵С
Գ⻰û˵ֻϵ˿ԳǵıҲһޱȵıվԭ˭û˵
Խǰڰ˾Խǲ·ùԳû˵Ǿ仰̥в֪
ԳȻҲǲ˶ڰ˵⣬¶˸ζЦ⣬üëֱ˵ҲǽŲ˵ʱжƺַʽڰ͵ˡ
ζ벻ǣԳǾȻңûоڵλǺ׵Ĺ֮ڡ
һԳ⻰æ˳ǡûӦĿȴǰһƬڰ֮С
ȻûعԳǵĻȴҲף⻰˵Ĳ޵ڵλòǺ׵ĵ֮ڣҲпǿͨģϾ˽ЩϲŪవǻ֮Ķ
ֻڿɲһС˰Ǳƽ
Һ͹ԳվڰֵãǸ͵˻ûг֣ȻҲĥĲ࣬վԭغݺݵķ˸֮Ĭĳǰĺڰȥ
Ҳ֪ǲǶڰ͵߷ĲУ̧ųǰߵɲǣʧ˵ĽŲٴŲЩҲ֪ǲǺ¸
ܳҺ͹Գ˺ܶ෽Ѷڰ˾ǰ㲻ջƵģҺ͹Գʲôֻˡ
ŲһĽŲеŮӴŸ߸Ьڵذ·Ӧò߶ڰϾȻǸħô˵Ҳ͵Ůˣôᴩֺߣ
ۿҺ͹ԳǾҪ뿪ǰһľţĽŲҲԽԽƺߵҺ͹Գ˵ԣɼǿٵ˵˭
Ҫ֪ôˣ˿϶ҲԶˣҺ͹ԳֲɵӣҪƽ˸϶ϱץˣٵˣƵģѹˡ
վľǰҺ͹ԳǶһۣȻû˵۵׵˼ǳԣǴľǰţ˭ܺĵĹ˭Ͼƾֲܳ£ƾͽҲݺ룬ҲԼ˵۹ⲻƾͽҲẦ룡
Ͼǽɲǰ׽еģ
ֻ˲䣬ǳҪһƨɾôľŵǰ棬̸רЩеûģͲŶں֣
ʱôһһĹȥˣҺ͹ԳŶĵûζĲȥˣǽŲȴٳûг֣ǽһ
ô˿ôãڰһѷϻôõģ
뵽⣬ĺ͹ԳҲĲȥˣֱӶ֮ǰ߹·˾䣺С͵Сĸ˼б¾͸ҳҪôǴһܣù򲻹ҹ
벻ǣһ꣬ǽŲȻٴһ룬컨һĨССӰ
ҼĨӰɲǣǱһ
ܶˣȴζ벻˾ȻǸСƨһ֮ǰھǸСƨ̣ī׺Ķӡ
ѹҺ͹Գ֮ǰҲԭһֱſ컨ϣǽŲǸ߸Ьģϴһľʱû컨ʱ
ôҲʵſ켸ȥһ󼦵ˣ
һϲҵСƨʱȻ᲻˼ĶӣСĵ˾䣺ҰóˣֻʣԼûطȥͰҶˣҸ㡣
һ⻰ֻоԼ۾ˣ
ڿʲôôΣʱ򣬾뾹ȻһСƨһֱںͷңҪСƨ±ҷֶ컨ϣľõ컨巢һ淢ֲˡ
ȷǹҵģһҷǳĿųʵ
īʲôˣҲ֪
ôҲǸͷݵ˰ɣΪܹôҪʱ򻹶˸ͷ˾䣺Ҿǹҵİ
һ⻰ѿľ˭ǷҼƵģȷǳīĶӣƾĶ
ôҪĳ̶Ⱥƾеһˣ
ǳīĶӣ
ʱһֱû˵ĹԳǾȻڿųʮʵ
Ҳ֪ĸˣȻԹԳǡߡһһų仰͹Գɱ֮ƵģһѣƺҺ͹Գǿ̫
Ҽ״һʳ̣СӼҼҵģﰡ
ȴҶشֻĻشһ䣺Ҳҵġ
ͻС۵ĲУ˵⻰ʱޱȵżᡣ
һ⻰Ӿ˺ݺһƹ͵𡭡
ȻСİְţưƴʱҪ˸ҶԳôӾԳǰ˳Բ˶߰
ԣʱó̸ǣ뵽
ɵãĵΪīĬӣɵø̾һ䣬ǧܽѡ


371 ŹԳ
һ뵽⣬ҿų̵ĿⶼɵôżּɵвϻԼûǵڣҪǵڱһǾˡ
ɾʱ̺Ȼߵҵǰ̧ƺǰλΡκӲߣָһһҪע⣬Ҽ״͵̧ͷ˳һֻۣо⺢ӲǷ˰ɣɵ˾䣺
Ů㣬ǾվŲȥҾ𣿡
̵дżְֻоԼԽ⺢ԽƾϾܰϵġҲֻƾˡ
Ļ䣬Գֱվءһ˵ֱƿǰľš
ľűƿ˲䣬һֻ˲䣬Ǽ˰֮ڡǰ·ŵڸǣЩ壬ƲƲΧԳȴҡҡͷһͻɢȥ
һ⻰˻ȥһų̣һԼıǻԼȥϾԳħ˴ķҲǸħҿˡ£
֮ΧŵԳ˵ǰԼɢȥȵǰɢȥ֮Χһӳ
ʱڵλãеǹŴ֣ΧһƬ谵ֻмյ͵˸лһ˿ǷùһζһЩȥѾõĴڵطƱڡ
֮ǰľǽֿ֮Զ顱һΧֻĽŲԴŵĺ
ֺܴ˺þöû߳ȥ·ĵ˲õ׳֡
ҷֻ֣ҵĿرĽţԳǺͳ̶һģɼһı飬һΣʶûУ˵ر𲻺ģһվߣһվұߣ˭˭ʱһСĽˣ̻Գǰɫ
ҼģȻɻ֣ԳǵĶ˳ôܾˣ̾ȻôԳǣ
ѵ˵Ϊīħ˴Ҳħ𣬶Գ˴ķԳôԳ
֪ΪʲôԺиұƷЩЦԼô뷨
ҪΪԳǵĻΪʲô̶ԹԳǵôŨ
ɻĿһۣµĲķ˼֣ȴڻ˳ۣеԽϾ˵߬˼ûлӳȥ·ֻҪһ˸ȶ֣һ˿϶᲻ʾĸϡ
̡
Ҽ״Ҳ̲סں˳һ̧ͷһۣһһ֣˵
ôˣ˵⻰ʱЩ죬˫üЩɳȴһ˵ģЦЦ¶˸Īı飬ҲشңԹԵĳǰߡ
˵ԳҵĻŲûͣûҡ
ұĲУʱֲǷʱֻӲȥһ֮󣬱ûڹˡ
ţΧȻˡ֨֨ʲôڵذϴȥ
Щ߰һ˵ĽŲ˲ͣһ˵Ŀһ飬ߵڷ׸׵ǸѸ鿴һסߡ
⻰Ÿһ˵̱꣬һۣΪѽʲô¡
һСƨǰ˵ֻ˶ᱻĲУС޿κΣֱһ˦ĿһԵ׸ȥǰȥסʱ򣬹Գȴʱסҵĸ첲Ҳ㳹谭ǰĲ
סҵɲǣ͵ػͷüͷһۣȴɫ仰ûңĿ˳̵ϡ
˲Ų׸ײߣڷһ׸ףһЩ״ߵ׸ױϣһתûӰ
̵ˣȻЩģվԭص˺þãȴһ㶯ûУǿ֨֨ԽԽˣɵһ̽Եḷ́
ã˻Ӧڿںһ䣬ȴʱ׸׺˳ﻹץһֻ󣬶βͱţ˰գﻹ֨֨ĵĲС
Ķץģҿ˳һۣʵɳȴû˵ЦֻߵҵǰûҸ
Ҫֻ֪ĴСгԴô¶ǷݿȥܳˣϷĶɲǻŴ׷ùζʬ帯õζô
Ҹոȥץôţ
̵ż޵ĳŪ۵˸ŵЦһСˣ
ÿǳīģһ񵽵һʲôôŹֵĺӡ
ҿӣ·ԤϵҶﺢӳģ
ī;һķˣĶôڣֻϣҵĺԺľ㡭
ôţ˳ų̵Ļֱȥɳȴʱҹ˹ָʾҸ˵
ҸǾܾģϾץһֻʬ峤Ĵӣ֪˵ʲôģֻӲͷƤҧӡ
ѾģӻһְֻһߣǷޱȵһ۹Գǣ·ԳǾƵģ˵Ļеڶ֪
һУСҶ߸ҡ
׸һףȫǱ˵飬״Ҳȫ˵ɡ
һ⻰ĵͷƤ˲ȫˡ
̵˼ǣڴĵطǸ˶ѡ


372 ԳǵЦ
û˵̱㽫ŵֻҵǰûҸŵҪˣȴ͵طֻôе֣
˹֮ҽĵ׵Ķǰһ͵ط֣
ֻͨԣڻٰʮ궼ܳɾˣϵèҲӺڻɫʳ˻Ұɫϵëȫ׵ʱ˵ܳˣҲѹֳСƨôĵĶ׸׶ùԭͷ
״ɵҵһ۳̣ȴʱ͵ؽ󳯺һˡ
Ϊʲô˰
ҵһ䣬ɳȴԴǵĻҵ˵к֮£ֻȻǳⳤģҲûʲô캦飬ΪʲôҪ˼
һ⻰ɵø߿һۡĵҲ˳̳ܽôһȻСȴ֪ʶʵĺӡ
ͳãվһԵĹԳƺЩˣϾ̵ĵڵôԣôԵż̵ҲѾǼޡ
ɵãԳֱӳķüͷ壬ʵ˵û˵˿𣿡
һԳôмһԹԳ˦˸ۣҾͳȥ仰ôԳǡ
һͷ˹ԳһۣĶǴż΢ŭƺԼĵһٶıһСƨЩˬҪǳǳīĶӣƶֱǰСëӸˣ
ţۿ˾Ҫ߳ڣΧȴ͵һ֨֨ǧֻȻӰ˳ƵģһĵͷƤˡ
ɵãҵͷ뿴⿩֨֨ǴĶɲǣ͵ؿðֻȺޱȵӡ
ӷǳ࣬ǳܼڼӵɲǣŵĻðƤ񣬶ĵͷƤһ飬㺰ԳǺͳ̿ȴ͵һ׸ѵ׸ѵɲǡһ׸״׸
״ʲôĶ˺ڵϷ
ЩɲǣΧֵȺӸˣ·׸׺״һⳤ󡭡
ڵص£ΧһƬԭûʲôˣĶôʬ壬ܹЩԣ
ҿЩӣɲֻһ꣬ǳ˼ʮϰ꣬ҲĹģô˵ĵ
ԽԽӿ˳ԳǺͳȻɵڶû쳣Щ׸˲䣬뽫
ȴΪ˶
Ͼǵֻһ
ֱӺֹסڸǳܵʱֻǾЩһСƨ͸˽ʲôйԳһ˻СƵġ
ǼĲУԼƢ뿴һ֮󣬾ʱƵģŶԷڵȴȥ
⻰Ļ䣬ɫȴ͵һ䣬ƺͶԷ˵ͬĻԼ˸Ƶģ͵ְϳ
Ҫе㾫ȥڣһҸӴˣ
ֻɲǼ䣬ȺӺڰӿǷһֻֻ˶ޱȵ󣬾ǻƵģ͵س˵ķڰ·һ͵һԾ˿С
̵ϣһذףҲ֪ذʲôģĲУ˲䣬ɱֻӣһʧ֣Գȴǿ񲻶ϴһˣЩڿ֮ǰڿб󱬡
֮УҵûҲʹòֻһƨԭأɵۡ
һ߹ţһﻹ̾һ䣺к֮£ɱһֻʾãǻҪͱСүҲˡ
һ⻰͵Щ㶣ԭղŷȻ˼
ô֪Щṥǵģ
ҵʣɳȴ˵仰֮͵طذ׵ĵ⣬ݺݴԼüĴ֮һѪ˵֮ϣֻ˲䣬ذ͵طһѪɫâŨŨɱ֮ͼɷͶ㽫ǰһƬɱƬײ
ֱӿԭء
ѹѾĸղ˵ңԭƴ
˼ƴԼ͹ˣīĶôС쵽ֳɶǾĺǲҲడ
ذױһ֮󣬻ǲм۹⿴һ۹Գǣһ·ԳǰǸ
ԳǱȻǲˬǰһƬ󶼱һлУʣµһҲ׷ײǰֻӲȥ
ҿŹԳ⸱ģֿһ۳̣ɵ̾һ
ԼˣϾɶѽ
վԭأʣµһЩ˼֮Щ׷ԶֳⱾǳӵ֣˿ȴһƬǽ壬ڵϣѾֲ˵Ļġ
ǸõζŻһΣͲŵڶΡ
Щ׸׺״ﾹȻ˵顣
ԳǼֳɫ΢΢Щ𾪣˵Ǿ֡
⻰ڳ̵Ķߣȴֻһߣĵǣɵڲŷ֣Сүͷ˰ɣ
̣Ҳֻװûֱų̵תȥ
ǰһȴţȺľĴţֻѾ˵ϣԵŹӵĲУŻб˴򿪹ĺۼȥ򿪹ʱ䣬ڲ̫ԶҲ̫ڽ˿ţ˵˺߹ͬ·ǰδ֪硣
СĵƿȺľȴһԺӣԺӴĳ棬ΧװŴĹ㣬ǳİ̧ͷɲǣȴ𾪵ĲС
ΪͷϳֵģƣҲǷյɽǡ
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ǴҶ벻֮ǰ͹Գ˵ĻȻӦˣǺףȻںףΧȴûаˮʲôƬ֮ϣΪγһȻı֣ܺˮϮ
ں׵ĻǾǣǲǲԶˣ
𺳵һĻҲɵʿˮСʵɳȴûشңǶһ
֪ΪʲôԽӣԽСƨǾ㶪ô򵥣нʲôߣ
ң
ţھҾȻҪôһСƨ
վһԵĹԳǣʱȴҪ۵ƽûһ˿ȴṴһĨζЦ⣬һʱЩʱ򻹷Ц⣬


373 ûߣҲҪ
վԭվ˺һᣬһûһĳǰȥ
ԺӺܴߵԺӵһͷҪʱ䣬нǰѷذѣʱʱݣݡذ׷Իƿ
Ҷذ׶˺һᣬɵÿڣС˾䣺⵽ʲôذףô
ʳڣ۾̵ȥˣЦһĲС
ذ׽ն£Ұ͸Ķ
һĸ֣۾ֱˣҸһô˵Ҳˡ񡭡˵ذˣͷû͸ҹɣ
Ҳ֪ǣһ£Զڱ𴦵ľǱϺȻ̲סĳ鴤һ£ݺݵĴһ磬ƻɫ˲һء
ųذסҲֻ̾һ۲۲ˡ
˴ʱѾߵԺӵľͷһǹŵǰͣ˽ŲǰŹӵĲУȴѱ˸˿źֵһߵΧĳǽܸߣ·Ҳܳһͷģô룬벻ס·ľͷͨ
ֵǣڤڤҵȴһֱһڸңҳ·ȥһֱߣܼҪĶ
ҪĶʲôԼҲ֪ȴһָңĪľЩЦ
ɵһͷһ۹ԳǺͳ̣һ䣺ǰ𣿡
˭ûлشҡĬ̧ţǰȥ
ݵ˸Σķ׼ֵȺ󹥻֮⣬Ҳûκҵһ˲˼ֲ˵Īܾá
ԽԽûΣգԽҽӽΣյʱΣգ
ɼҽµĲҲɲͣЪֻ֣ҧϵ̧ųǰȥ
·ܳĺܳԽǰȥҵؿԽԽѹ֣ԽʲôѹĿڣ½ŵĲС
һֱζֵĳ̣ʱԼϵһޱȵı顣
ͷСӼҼҵϣôı飬ɵһ֣ôϾ£һûסЦ
Цɲǣ̺͹ԳͷһۣƺЩ֣ҺòõЦʲô
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ֱԼĪһλãűѹޱȵѹЩͣ½Ųվԭش
̼ˣһ䣺ûܵأʹ
̧ͷһۣûк磬Ϊʲôֻ֪
ܸоǰʲôڵңҵĺп࣬һ㲻뿴֪ࡣ
Խ룬ҴԽû·վԭضо·ҪʹµܵĲС
ôˣһһֱû˵ĹԳǼˣҲûסеһ䡣
̧۾һۣЦҡҡͷ˵û£ֻеţݺһҧǰߣҵĿڴȴ͵شһů
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ұһᣬеĳƣЩ߰˲䱻ɨһƬɵһݺһҧУ̧ͷŹԳǺͳ̵ЦЦ߰ɡ
̲ĿһۣȻû˵۵׵Ĺȴƭˡ
ԳǿҵĿ⣬ɺɺ·һֱûףҵôˡ
ҽ˵ı龡۵ףû˵ֻǾĳǰȥţȴһֱҵĿڣɵãٴͣ½ŲǳĿһ۹ԳǣĲܸң𣿡
ΪʳĻǷϻԳǸشңû뵽ǣԳ꣬ȻЦЦңĻ𣿡
ûԳ⻰ʲô˼ҡҡͷһ±ƣɹԳȴվԭصЦš
Цҿ˺ܶ
вᣬھΣк£мѡ
ЩԳǱģȴǲͺ¡
Ҳ֪ڲʲôҲ֪ںʲôȴʱҵЦЦ˵˾䣺һǽհɡ
仰ûлӦֻǾĿŹԳǡ
ɹԳȴȻ̧˽ţǰߣĵһ䣺ǴҶݣһȥֹϷҲ֪ûУˡ
Ļһɵ͵ǰҪϹԳǣȴǰɲͣ½ŲͷһĨΪ貵Цݡ
գ㻹ǵǰҺһʱ𣿡
ǰļûУȻǲãֻý죬û˵
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ףеһĵطҪܻ뿪ܽڸŵܽ⿪
ҪǱǴеܣԶ˯
û˵ԳǻЦЦǽһûûΣ䣬ûһνġ
ǼһʱڳɽϣϺůѩϣΪһס
˵⣬ԳǶ˶֮ЦŲһ䣺㵱ʱȴңûߣҲҪס


374 ֣һ
һԳ˵⻰͵һͣ˼֣ʲô˼
ҵʱΪʲô͹Գ˵⻰
ֻ˲䣬Գǿ԰׵ı飬ЦˡЦĺᣬܵ꼻һ֡
ʱĹԳǰڳģһһֱرеĳ̶˵⣬һɻĿƺ룬Գǵ
ɻɲǣԳǵڣżɺ㵱ʱ˵һ仰֪㻹ǲǵá
Ҳ֪ԳΪʲô仰ĿһۣĿ⣬ꡱһЦ˳żԳ˾䣺ǲǵˡ
˵⻰֮ż㵱ʱ˵֮߾ԼΪӣϷ𣿡
ڹԳǻµɲǣһ仰Ժл
Ϸ
Ϸ𡭡
֪Ϊʲôһ⻰ɫ΢΢ЩףʹԳǣʲô˼
ԳҡҡͷС˵˾䣺ûʲô˼
ҵ˫ۣȴҶ۾֪ΪΡһԼ˿˵ĸоһģ˲侾һ
ʱԳǾȻĵĵ˾Ļ
֪ϷûУǻգϷˡ
⻰еżҺȻָоԳǲҲڱΪ˺ܶ飿
Ҫ˵ĻǱҺ;˾ͲǹԳˣҪǹԳǵĻѵƾ
գϷˣĺɺȨҶҪˡ
ԳǲһһĿ˵˲ʮ棬⻰ֻоԼ̣ȴ֪ΪΡ
Գǵ۾ż񣬿ȴѹƵĺܺáҪ¶޵ıŭһ
Ҫ֪飬𣿡
ֻ˲䣬ԳȻ侲Ķ˵ɲǣ̧ͷͷȴֹԳǵЦݴżұ
Ҹ㡣
ûһش𣬹ԳǱֱӸҡ
˵Ű˵ĺȴ棬֮ޱȡ
ԳǾȻң岻ʲôҺ;룬Գ˽ݣһԼҺоԼ
Լغŵȴּ䶨֮ʱıڲܸңȴиһ£屾û̫á
ҪˣԸѭԼܷá
ҵˣô죿
⻰̧ͷʵ
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˲Ȼ
Ǿ仰ıû̫ãֻҪԸѭԼܷá
ԣֻҪԸѭԼֺη
ЩԼѾĵף·˸޷ȥ
˶֮˾ԳǣԼغŴ䶨֮ʱı𣿡
ɹԳȴûлشˣǲǷЦЦЦ
ҿŹԳӾúܿ£ĪľԼƺЩ͸ӣֻ̾һû˵
㳯ǰߣߵȵľͷԳǵȴʱ˵˾䣺գǰߣӦþҵһͼˡ
һԳ˵⻰͵һ㶣ֱɵԭأعͷʲô˼
ֻ㵽ˡ
ԳЦŶ˵仰˵꣬Ȼ͵سһԾ˳ǽʧһվԭط㶣
˿̣ң̶ԳǵԳôԽԽˣ
ʱңһҲķǳԳǵ֣󻰵ֱԼ˻ȥ̾һŹԳ뿪ʱǵǽǰȥ
ȻΧĵƹʮֻ谵ȴҲǿǰĵ·ʱǰѾһȹţŵǰ棬һ޴Ĺվڹŵǰ棬˫͵Ứ
ǰĹϤ
ǰɲǣҵĿھǱʲôƵģǳܡ
ҪǣһָЩûдĻǰǸǳʹɣ
ڴڵλãӦڳһǳƫƧСҶûκӡ
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ǰڵĶΪλڽһԭµĺ֮У
ϵ𾪸޷Ҵ˿̵飬ֻų͵سǰܣֻ˲䣬ƿǰȴš
ʹϤޱȵĽһɲǣҼỨۿΧ·һֱ¡
վһԵĳ̼ˣǳĿһۣȴû˵һڣµĴڡ
ҵͷһۣЦЦ˵˾䣺Ҽҡ
˵⻰ʱҵЩʣȻΪʱļ䲻࣬һλҺڣŮӣܲ
˿̵ңȻܹףΪʲôʱķԸѡѳȴԸ;Լʵˡ
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ʱҡǷ죬ֹҡ㡰ҡ֮ˣҡôܺһ
ԣʱġҡһʮּ˵ķʽһС
Ϊ֮ҲǱ˵ĹֻǼ򵥵ĻգΪӭϣն̤ѪĻա
ǰһĻĻҵǰ˿ҵһڸңǰȥҪĶ
Ҫһͼ
ȴˣ
Һܺ£ͼ֮󣬵׻ᷢʲôԳ˵ǸԼʲôΪʲôҪȻȥ
ǳ̿еɻֱӿңôˣ
Цҡҡͷ˵û£ȴԼϵỨһǰĵݺһҧӭȥ


375 ֣
Ľݺܸߣ˺þۿھҪߵǰȴ֣վڴǰһɲǣǰȴźȻԼˡ
ͼ;ڵһ֮ͭϣȻûб򿪣ûбҸԶȴܿͼ
ңͼ
һͼ룬ǰܽȥãȴһס죬͵ػͷĿһۣʵ棬ﲻȥð
ҿų̣һ˵
㲻áһ̫𣿡
һ˫͵һƺ𣬺ô£ɵýŵһ䣺ǡô죿
ûż˵վԭĶǾͼԺҡ໭棬ȴ׽κһõĶ
ѰһͼҪǧ࣬ҪͻվʵôƣȻͼҵǰĸҡ
һֱҡ
Ҳ֪ǲһ壬һ׵ĸȴҷɵĴӡ
ǿֱӽȥͼ𣿡
Χûκһ˿ֻһ˷ܵĳ̣·⣬ֻɼƵġĲС
ҵĻ䣬æҵͷȻǺõһͼ
áҵ³һ֣һ⻰۵ľ⡣
ɵãһûκζЩ̲סңõĻôȥж
ûż˵ǵĿ˳̺ü֮ŽһֱĿڵ˵˳ΧûˡֻˣɲԸôжԹԳǣ
û뵽ǣһ꣬̾ȻߵЦʹۣһҾǴүӶҵ˾䣺ҾǲϲʲôΪʲô
Խǰڳ⸱ģԽǾαװѧӣЦû˵
Ͼͼҵǰǲ̫żȥģɳ̺ôأȴǺõһͼûҲֻվһԸɵۡ
֮ҲˣϾֻǸСƨװһ˵ģվǴˡ
ֻݺݵһһۣʵ㲻ǸԳ𣿡
һ⻰ʱһ㶣һʲô˼
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⻰˵ҶĳϾ֮ǰʹԳǰ飬ĴֺȻ뿪ѾԿĳˡ
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䵽һײϵɲǣҲ֪ôˣŵֻըëӣ͵شӹײϴ볯ﻹϷУȡ
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߾ŮʬüΪޣϸֻ˿¹ôĹѨûмƣɵﰵ죬ȴɲǼһ˲ƣ߾ʬûע⣬͵شܵǵĺ棬Ͷ˸ټı顣
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źʱԽԽҵľԽԽУֱҶ콫Ÿ̤˸飬ǰųһȾ޴Ĵţǳΰŵǰǳ˰ţǴ֮һĶ߳ġ
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Ҳ֪Ķ˶ãڹײϵʦȻ¶ֹЦݡ


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˵˵šرļʦرɵԼͽкųܵõµͼҪ޳ȴԼܸ
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ȴʱǰҾŮµԹһһ˳
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ұָ˴£ȻĻĹû뵽ǣʦȻʱĴڣҪõͼ¸߸ңû뵽ǣڳΪ֮ǰȻͼֳ߾˷֮С
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ʦһֱҲҪߵˣǺûðӽң
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381 ֣ˣ
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ܴĻҪҲĻǳ̵˲ҪУһͼҪǸĻ
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ֱһûʲôս
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̰㲻ǸմӹŹĺӣһǱɵЦһĲУƾվһ飬˼ֱһˣ
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һˣûжӦǵĵ˵ͷ·ڸң֪Ƶġ
ӳվãֱ͵뽫ǰʯҿʯҲ֪ʲôģȻ򲻿
ҶʱЩ죬ƾЩ⣬侹ȻǴ򲻿ţ
ңȴֻվɵۣЩʢȴʱ굽ҵԣҵ·̧ͷ峺ޱȵĿգգ۾˾䣺Ȼ԰ɣ


382 ֣ţ
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ҵȴǰŰɡ
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Ӳʯűͻƿڣ̧һߡֻ˲仯ΪƬǰ߶˹ȥ
ʱѾΧһƬǽ壬ֱƵ˴ޣɫȫѪ˼̳֮ϡǰƨɵŵĹײҲʱ˼̳֮Уվ棬˫ֺʮһʥ
֪ΪʲôʱкȻһǿޱȵԤٸңײˣпҵʦ
ץ˴죬ҪôԸʦģҪôɹԼʶעͼ
۵ǽƺЩ⡣˼ۿһۣ۵ǴɼѾܹͣµġ
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ʱҲŷ֣ԳǾȻŻ
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ԭ˴ûҪԣûҪȥͼҪģһֱǰңֻڱô˷ʽ
뽫ߣȴηҡ
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˵˵ֻΪռУںȻãҲǲһ

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µĹײȴʱ͵شˡ
򿪹ײĵ˲ǲЦϻصҵܣ˶ĵĲУ
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һ仰͵̧ͷȴֻһԳվڰĪ¶ֹЦݡ


383 Եʱ˵䲻
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δĻȥˣŶŹԳǺ𵽣ʱ͵طӦԭҪԸʦײŵĶпʦȴԳǵˣ
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ʬݣҶʱЩԾΪʬ徹Ȼģ
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ԭصȵ̳֮󣬴ųһǰɽȣɽȵʦδ
ÿʮ壬һڶԼԸһԶĹԳǣǺƾԼÿ
ԭһ𣬾ֱӽͼ˰ٹ¼ȴûȥʮ־һŽƾߵ˾ȥ
Ҫȥ˾ְôߵְȨܸЦˣƾȴǳüȥģϾ˾ĵطֻ˼
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ֻվűߣ̰ĿŻЦǼżֿЦмѣͷԼöԼ궼Ϸֵİ壬ĵ뿪
һֱΪԼ˴ӰⱲ飬ɵŷ֣飬ǿԼİϲõЦ
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