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Ц񷣡
ʮһԵɺ֮»֮洫
Ӵ߲ƽвϣ


1 ʦƷ
壬ֲ£ˣʳԪĩľ¼ҡμҡѧңԪѫⲮֳ⡣¾׷̫ʦֺĳɣ˳ĳɡĳɹͨʷġԪɵҵֹҵİ£˱㷺šһͳɽ£ǰʦ󳯾ʦ¡˵㡢˳
ŮοӵĽܣʮһǽµĻ񲻽
ʮһྩѧʷϵѧڴСĽ£ǽҪҵ֮ʱԼҵеһվµĹء
ʮһ±Ҫ֪һͳɽ¡ֻǸ¶ѣȴԪһͳ¡
ȻڷˮʦһżߵоʷϼأȺ飬ӰټһĵѧⰮãǱдĦʮ־ͨһΣ̽óѧݣ֪׸ɽһ顷̽ظɽԭһᣬҵˡŶݼסһʶһʥߣĺѧͳڲǣʹѧͺ˷ḻŶ֪ʶؼҺڼҶ˵κ֮š
ɴ˿Կʵ¶ԡ顷Ŷݼס֮ķˮǳо
ʮһ»񿴵ĳ֮ʱԶһ׷΢ЦĶ׷ߺ׷ͯһֵõˣԱ߻һʮ˾ƯŮ
ԱߵŮļΪƯưűһɰ˿ĿʮһСүү˺֣ҿŻ˺þõʱ䣬Īʲô֢
Ǻǣ׷Ц˲ûеʲô֢ҿǱˡ
ŶŮ˵ͷƲһŻʲôñģŻ񻭵һ˼һ㶼ÿûҼҵÿء
ŮԵĻ׷߲Цһ
ŮͷŻɲѰһˮʦµĻഫŻǰеʱĻģԺ󴫸
ȷʵǽϹŵĻǰ˰ģԻȻĲɣȻ·е˾Ǽǰ±һ
ŻһֱºУµĹʾοͣµĺ˾ͽŻ˳ǽϹο͹͡
ʮһŻ˹ȥЦСӣҿ㶢Żܾˡ
ʮһһȻתͷԱߵİ׷߸пϲŻʵǻ̫ˣֻһ۾ͲСıˡ
š׷ߵ˵ͷȷʵµȷһˣԷˮһŵо¯࣬һձ衷úΪ֮岻ѡ
ڡձ衷Ȿ飬ʮһҲ֪һģϾѧʷ
ʮһȵ벻ϲҲԷˮѧ˵Ȥ
ձ衷ഫΪȫĹ1912֣40ҥɣдɵġԤԡҥ׫ʣһġ漰ߡռ뻯ӦãҲǰˡռܹ㣬Ӱ켫⣬Ϊ׫Ҵ黹Ԥֵ֮ʵ
׷ЦЦǺǣʵҶԷˮѧ˵΢Що
ԣʮһ󾪵𣿡
һԵŮϸشǰһͷڷڶǰ裬Щңȴƽ˼Ұ֮üһ㣬һ˫ǳĵ۽ԣĴŵĻȣ˧꣬ȻүүƷʦء
ƷʦʮһͷɻʵƷʦʲô
Ů˷۱ӵǹªƷʦ֪ڷˮһʦΪƷһƷ桢ƷƷƷߡƷѰƷռƷƷֻءƷɣүүƷѰ硣
ʮһŮ˵һͷˮãȻ˵Բʵ˵ʲô
ʲôʦ־ƷЩʮһ˵ֱδš
ŮʮһֻεðɣȻ㲻Ҿͺúø˵˵
˵⻰ŮͿʼʮһϸĽ
һƷ򵥵ˣǿ˵жϱ˵ûƷֻҪԶԶһ˵Ϣù˻ǲȹʺˣƷ˵ܹ˵ΣƷ߼򵥵˵ǰ˿լլ֮ķˮƷѰѰҪ֪ʱ֮ҪȺɽ֮ѰȻﱣԼƷռδ֪Ʒܿһ˵Ʒֻܿ͸һ˵ǰƷǾǵõɳˡ


2 ﴫ
ŮĻʮһ𾪣ûʦȻôţƣ˾Ʒʦ羹ȻԳֱС˵ڻ˲˼顣
ô˵ƷʦǺţĴˡʮһԾ
ǣŮЦʵ㣬жٴԹҪͽүүүүǶмһˣֻΪүүƷʦ硣
ôţƣʮһû뵽ƷʦȻǿԺߵĴڡ
ŮҫԼݣ׷ǰһε˼СֵܣŮСҸ߻еԣ˵Ļ㲻Ҫ⡣
ʮһ˰ֵ˼˵ﻰŮ˵ⷬҴ۽簡
Ǻǣʮһû׷ЦЦʱ䲻ҾͲˣ֮ǰϷһ治֪鲻⡣
֪Ʒʦʮһæ˵˼л˵
ȻҾֱ˵ˣ׷߳Ƭ̵ҿü鲻˳ӡ÷пܻѪ֮֡
׷ߵĻʮһһûʱȷʵǸ鲻˳Ϊڴѧ̸ŮڱҵǰϦˣһ˳ɢɢĵġ
ʲôԼѪ֣֮ʮһæϲָһң
׷ЦʶԵ֣һſ˷ƽϣؼʱ׻˵ʹӻͳһŻɫƽݸ
СֵܣϣԵ
˵⻰׷߾ת뿪ˣ뿪֮ʱŮתͷʮһһЦҾ˻ͦģϣ´ǻлټɣ
£Ů͸׷߳¹ʾӡ
ʮһƽһипû뵽ԼȻһλˣ
߸Ů뿪ʮһٴν˫ۿ»
ͻȻڴʱⷢˣֻ»֮һɫâѸٷɽʮһüġ
׹ʮһü֮͸одϢӿ뵽ԼԺ֮С
˿̵ʮһеĵԣΪڶϢӿ룬һʱϵͳ˹ȥ
ʮһԵ˲䣬Χο;Ȼû˿

֮ʮһڴӻ˹ԴоҪըһ
ھ
ͷԻָʮһȻԺжһƪģԺͻȻֵľʮһʱҪ֪˭ԺĪһ鶼ᱻŻġ
ʮһʼĶԺе֣𽥱ֱ˫֮˸ޱȾϲɫ
µĴУ
Ħһھʮһʱ˷˫Ҳ¶һ˿⡣
˾ȻǰдѧھΪϲҪ漰ѧ֮Լ²ιƽԼ̵ѧ˵
ʮһ˵Ǻƽιƽµѧ˵ûã̾ҪԼܹڶʱڣȫƾⱾھΪһ
ϧƽʱʮһƾھɾһҵһҪҲֻܹԼʱûһһɳĺʱ
ڸпһ֮ʮһ齥ƽ
Ȼھ²ιƽµѧ˵ʮһ˵ûʲôãϲȴǶãѧ֮ǵܹѧһӾʳˡ
Ȼˮѧ˵ڿѧΪ⽨ªϰǻи·òȻĴʦڸԱˡ֮ںأǰӵñ׸ţ
ᵽھ֮ԽھΪ˳Բȡ֣ھϲΪܶƪˮƪ׭ƪᾭƪ
ôҪǻͨ˿϶Ѽ䣬ЩݴʱȫʮһԺѣһһʮֵȫӦ硣
ھʮһ֪ʦȷǷΪƷƷĸ֡
ʷϼ֪ԪһѶ֮ˣڸ佨֮ʹǹٻؼҽˣһǱԪǡ
ȥǵʱ¶ߵ˵һȥҲܻŻصˣȻµ˾Ǿ͸Ⱦ˷纮Ԫ֪֮ɺΩӹҽȥ̽ҽҩյץҩãöһЩƽʯ鼷ѹһʮʹࡣ
֪֮ղ࣬ӽ¡
ʷϼأѾԶԼˣ˵ȹƺˡһҲȻˣΪõŶݼסԼ顷ˮ˵
ڿھ֮ʮһһʱɫҲѾοҲ߹ˣʮһҲת뿪µĹʾӡ


3 ţС
߳¹ʾʮһ¶һ˿΢ЦԼαҵջʮֵĴ
㣬㿴񰡣
һ̯ĵطһӼһ긾ŮԼʯӡ¡
ʯضеʯͷҲǳΪʯ֮硱˴󲿷ο֮󶼻򼸿ʯؼҵμƷ
ʯԳɣŴϸ徫ɣ汸Ϊдʵ⣻ַԲε񡢸߿̣ʯֵϸ񡢷ɫȡ
ʯ6000ʷʢʯǡĴʯΪӡʯСͼʯƣΪͳʯдʵףԳɣСµһ֮
ʯҲֺûõʯֵ򣬲õʯֵżʮǮ˺ܶεοͶһЩ̷ˡ
õھ֮ʮһѾʦһƷ澳ˡ
ȻһƷʦѾǺţˡ
ͨʮһһթģһ֪Ṇ̀ٿ긾ŮʯαƴԼģѹ
긾ŮԱӵĻˣʵʯӡ¶Ǯ
긾Ů⹺Цݵ㣬ʯӡǸߵƷ֡࡯ǿͶԵǲģʮǮˡ
ʮ򰡣
۸긾ŮɫʮֵԥϾʮǮһСĿ
վڲԶʮһһЦʲôȫǼٻֵֻٿǮ
õھ֮ʮһԺҲһЩڹŶ֪ʶ
Ϊһѧʮһʼչ᳹ҺٵΪ˱긾Ůƭ˹ȥ˵ʯĿɷҶʯΪΪ͸΢͸ɫԻơ̡ΪʯеĶʯɽʯеĸɽʯƣ䲻ܲơ
ͻȻֵʮһ¶侯ɫ
긾ŮʮһĻ֪̾һеˣǼæʵСֵܣ빺ʯӡ¾ǲ֪ǲķ࣬ҿһ𣿡
ʮһЦЦǺǣȻԣ
˵⻰ǿνķࡣ
Ȼһ˵ʮһӰʮһ˹˼Ҫ¡
Ӽʮһܹ׼ȷ˵ʯҲ֪һʯĸ֡
ӰԼ֣ʮһЦЦȫӡ
ΪԡڵĴ£ڳеĴѧʮһȲ̷ҪݺݽҴ
ʮһڵоͨһʯȻʯб䣬ʯůָ֮Ȼʯʯࣻǿ⣬Ȼʯ±Ե͸ʵӰ仯ȻʯΪԼɼõʯ飬ʯ̳ʯۣƷ¿ɼϸ˿
ʮһ˵ͷͷǵ긾ŮԸһʯмҡ
˿ʯһ࣬Ϊʮһȫûиӡ
ʮһ˵⣬гϳöʯʯð࡯ʯϸ͸ãн֮ϸϣɫƫ̡ɫ꣬ǳƣɰܵʯеƫʣеƫףɫơеĸԵĲ״ʯӡԳ桯ϴн϶ơ
࣬ҲƷ壬Ŷȣɫ࣬紺ȷҶеƫơסʽϸ壬΢͸׭ӡ£ߵñ⣬Ϊѵ֮ƷʯʣԻ塯ԲؼΪſʯᣬΪ࣬ʴѵļ١
ڷĿϸŤۣʯ֮У֮٣ɫ֮ţ֮֮ӹӡʯ֮ܵʯٶΪ׭̼˽ѪʯɽʯΪӡʯܽѪɫŨ޼ô¼ݵ
˵ţʮһתͷ긾Ůһֵֹʮ򣬾ʮҲδܹ򵽣һме¡
ԣ긾ŮһڴʵСֵܣķ𣿡
ķֵôߺ긾Ů˿ҲǴˡ
ǺǣʮһЦЦҡͷһٵķࡣ
ʮһ˵ٵģӶʱȳСӣɱ˵ôǼٵģ
ߡʮһһȫƴģѹɵģƴǽʯгɱƬȻƴͨµ档ʹöԽƴӹգʶ档ּӦϸ߽ߣѰƴӵ˿


4 С
ģѹʯϰ轺ˮѹƶɣּʯɫʴƣʣ΢͸ʮˡ
˵ţʮһеʯӡ˻ȥмʯͷʮǮҶҪ
Լʯͷ汻ʮһҴӵɫԵʮֵѿ
ͬʱʮһĻ긾ŮָӴ˵ҺٻҪСֵڽҾͱƭˣʯͷҲҪˣԺҲˡ
˵⻰긾ŮתͷʮһһмСֵллˣҾʧˣҪʯͷȥϹһҵġ
ʮһЦЦǺǣ೤һۣгϵǼٻһƾͷԷ£Ͼ˭ǮǴ紵ġ
긾Ůͣĵͷţ˵öԣԺһ侲ġ
˵⻰긾Ůǧл뿪ˡ
긾Ů뿪ʮһҲתߡ
Сӣ㻵ҵĺ»뿪
ҲʱʯɫĶʮһ
ʮһعͷһЦô㻹ҳԷ
ԷĵҺòײһֻˣ뿪ûôס
ʮһתЦʵ
ҪҪ۵ģ
£ֻӴͳһذס
ͳذףΧȺڷ׷Ĵɢ
ذЦСӲµ㶫ߡ
ӵвʮһмЦٻҲȥ̾ͶѾˣ㻹õвңѵǬ»û˲ɣ
ʮһĻӴЦСӣҾ
ʮһ˫۵ҵ뿴ܰ
ŵСӣɫǲ֪Ϊʲôˡ
ӱʮһ̬ȸŭˣǻذ׾ͳʮһȥ
ȥɣ
ذ׳Լʮһһ޾ɫ
㻹ûǸʸ񡣡
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ʮһһֱӾͽеذ׸߷˹ȥ
飡ʮһ߳˵ڶţڶ߹ȥӶʱ߷˵ϡ
ʮһȻǴѧһڴѧڼѧϰֵȭһĻͲĶ֡
ʮһžߵذ׵ӵأڳ˶һŵı飬û취ʮһıʵ̫ˣ̫ˡ
ʮһǰŵڵϵҸ㣬̷ֲӦܵӦеĳͷֻǸһССĽѵ´ٸƭһѵġ
á
Χ۵ȺڶʮһⷬԴǵĻжˣһҵΪơ
ھ֮ʮһ˳ݵĿ֮뿪ˡ
߳Ⱥ֮ʮһҸطԷͻȻһװӸסˡ
һһǮˣΪĲϹһǳֵĽ
ڨЦãҽκ
Īһ˸סˣʮһüʵã֪ʲô£
ҸղſҴƭӵọ̈̄ʯ˽⡣ӴӻͳһƬЦҵƬϣܿһ¡
ʮһĽӹƬдšͥز޹˾³һ֡
ѹִ࿴󸻴ԭȻһ
ƬʮһԲҲʲôʯҴˡ
һİڴס㣬ôĵһӦ϶ǸϽˡ
£ʮһ뿪
ʮһҪߣͻȻκϽס伱æң
סʮһͣκɻʵðɣ㵽ʲôˣ
κ̾һǰʱҴл˼һ鴺սʱڵѪ񣬿ǽѪؼ֮ҼҾͽӶĳ˴¡
ʮһȤŶ˵ȥ
κ˵鴺սʱڵѪһڣҵĸ׾ڼͻȻѪˣҵϰ·˳ֲˣҵŮȻڼε͵ҽԺŷȻ˰Ѫ񶼻ҽԺܻơ
˵˵ţκѾƲסԼʼˡ
ʮһκҲͬ飬Ͼ˭һҵ鶼֧ס
ȣҶеͬ飬Σ԰Ѫĳ˰ʮһҪ̽һκƷ


5 Ѫ
һϵеù֮ҾͿʼǿѪˣϾԴѪŷһҵ飬ȻѪ˼򣬵Ϊ˼˵İȫ׼ѪˣȻǺܲµġκЩ˵
ǿѪǵĻκѪ˵ȷǺȱ¡
ʮһȻѾѪ˱ˣ㻹ʲô
ΪǿѪ񲻹˭ԶκֵտʼҰѪһϵѣѪٴγҵļҰѪһˣûһԶڹѪǻصҵļ
ʮһѾеоëȻˣΪʵûмȥĶԶôңԶĵطȻܳڼ
κɫЩס˵˼Ѫ֮󶼻ص˼ҾͷѪѾܲѰˣ˺üļʦЩʦȫ͸㲻ʲô״ֻεİѪ˼ҹҲͶ·ֻҽΪٲѪҵŮҪˣҵŮҵӣѾͽ˼Ȳ
˵κѾˡ
κʹӣʮһҲĲ̡
ϸκ࣬ʮһȻһЩ⡣
ΪκȻǴ󸻴ӵӡ÷һѪɫǷˮѧ˵͵Ĵ֮ףܽô󽫻ȫȮ
ͻȻκסʮһ·ȾҵŮ
ȻʮһֻһƷʦľ磬κ˿е㲻ģܱ֤Լܽ⣬һʱԵЩԥ
ʮһԥ飬κҧֻҪܰңԸʮĳ͡
κԸԼʮĳͣʮһƤһ
ΪʮһѾǴĵѧٱҵپҵ⣬ʷϵרҵĺҵһܺõĹԼͶʿһꡣ
ǿһҹ겻ô׵ҪĴҵʽ𣬶ʮһֻͨĹ˼ͥĸǿҪ¸ڵְʵûôǮóꡣ
ܵõʮôʮһͿڼ翪һС͵Ĺˡ
ԥƬ֮ʮһҧðɣȥһˡ
ʮһӦˣκʱһúúãھʹȥ
˵⻰κʹʮһԼСԡ
ʮһһκĳȻǱﰵ̾ȻǸǮ˰
˳֮κʮһԼʻȥ
ʻ˰Сʱңκʮһһ羰ǰ
ʮһ˳ǰⶰƯɫ̾˱˰
κʮһãҵļˡ
ʮһ˵ͷţǽȥɣ
ܿ죬κʹʮһԼı
һʮһ͸оɭɭĻԵر塣
ʮһüʵôһ˶ûУ
κ̾һԴӷһϵвҵ֮ҵļ˲סԺҲסⶰⶰ˾ס
ʮһһ˵ͷţǿѪóҿɣ
õģھͰѪó
˵⻰κ뿪ˡ
κ뿪֮ʮһʼϸֱѪ
˹˼ӣκһĺ˳
Ѫ񣡡
κӷʮһǰִ˺ӡ
ӱ֮ʱһѪʮһͿ˺ǿѪ
ʮһװѪ֮Ѿȫ𾪵޷˵ˡ
Ѫ״ϵͼͼνȻЩֻǱؼѪɫѪɫʵ̫Ѫһ㡣
ʮһѪ壬·˫֮гһʬɽѪľ
лعʮһκʵѪȻѪΪѪ񣿡
κҡҡͷҲ֪ʱֻе˵һ鴺սʱڵѪΪѪȻѪҾͲ̫ˡ
κһ֪ʮһѪϸ˲͸о˴̱ǵѪζ
ſѪ֮ʮһɫصѪӦΪѪ񣡡
κЩΪѪȻѪʲôͬ
ʮһһŹֵĿκεҡҡͷ㲻ͻѹֻĹ£һҲȻˣϾĵıӣڹ⹺ﶼһһģı⹺ǰġ
ֻ֮ĲԵģֻ


6 ָ֮Ѫ
κʮһĵĽ͵ȻѪָѩԭһֺɫʯй֮裬׳ƸԭѪɫΪѪγɺʬйءʱΪǿ˿ڣ˸һµĵʱ룬ʺѪ֮ܲУǧ꣬Ѫ͸գѪ˿ֱģγɻѪֶõ£ʬһ
ԣκһֵָʮһеѪ˼˵ҵѪƷһǷʬĶ
ʮһͷûҵĹ۲ѪΪѪ񣬶ҲǴսʱڵģѪԳƵǧѪ񡣡
ޣκϺݺһĭ֪ǹĹĶҾͲˡ
ʮһһʵѵѪʱûж˽⣿
κһЦҾһʲôʯѪǿƯ˵һѪؼҿԼ
ʮһͷߵǴ˵ģɣʵΪѪһֲĶΪڵ´ʬ̺Ŵʬһͨ˽ӴѪ񲻳ͻǧѪѹֻȫˡ
һ⻰κʱŻ˼æҸô죿Ⱦң
ʮһ̾һʵҪ㻯Ҳף׻˵úԶҪ뻯ǧѪɷͱһѪѪѪ
ʲôκЩŵʵһѪ棬𣿡
ʵʮһַҲǴھ￴ģûҲ֪
ʮһһûڶʱ㻹бѡ㲻Ըⰴҵķȥ̾ߣʱȫɲҪҡ
κ⻰æ˵˵ʲôҶġ
ԸκǮ˾ͱŻһ²ʵʮһƲһ۵ָң
κɻʵҪָ
ʮһ˷۵ȻҧָѪѪϣѵ㻹ҵѪ
ðɣ
ΣκֻԼָ
ʮһסκָͺݺݵҧһڣһѪѪϡ
ʹ㣡
ҧָκʹֱУ
ʮһһû˺ˣѪڽеô
κίİָ˻űҧĲҲ̶õָʱᡣ
ʵʮһҲ֪˵ָѪǾѪһζӰ˵ľ
κѪѪϵʱͻȻˡ
ֻһ𣬽ѪϾȻѪ͸һŻѪŵŨҵѪеͷΡ
˹һĻκʵô£
ʮһ͵Ѫһʬ֮УôѪͻ̺һԹѪǧĲɣԹֱˡҺñҷֵ磬ҪһӡŮ㱾ȫҶ
κһŵôֲ
ǣʮһмЦԹűе߾֮ЩǴ֮ͨӵ˴֮ﲻܷƣһ֮ǡ
κȻĵͷˣԺĲ㻨ǮŶ
ѪѪԽԽ࣬Ѫ񶼱ѪȾˡ
ʮһκһˮ
úúá
ܿ죬κͶһˮ
ʮһͽѪŽˮ֮УʱԭһˮͱѪˮ
ȴŹҵʱ䣬ʮһͰѪ˳ʱѪѪһɫѾȫʧˣȡ֮ʯеıɫ
֮ǰʮһҲҿ϶Ѫ֮ûãѪѪɫȫûк󲻽ЦˣѪɷѾȫˡ
⻰κһһмллˣԤϣҳŵʮ򱨳껹¡
˵⻰κͳһֽ֧ƱȻдˡʮ򡱵֡
ӹֽ֧ƱʮһĵЦκˣҰҲǾ֮Ͷѡֽ֧ƱСĵķŽ֮Ѫ˹ȥѪûȥɣ
ʮһеѪκҧˣѪʵǴҼ̫ʹ㲻ѪҾ͸ˣԱȫҵľ֮
κԸѪ͸ԼʮһʱĻŭš
ȻѪѪɫѾȫѪˣĲʱǷǳĺóȥ㶼ʮĸ߼ۡ
ʮһЦȻˣҾˡ
֮ʮһͼæ뿪˱


7 
ڻվĺ򳵴ʮһϹһ˿΢Ц
αҵкʱһµʱ䣬һµʱʮһջǾ޴ģõµĴСھһ׬ʮԼһֵƵĺ
ʮôʮһҵԸͿԳʵˡ
ڳѾһˣʮһ׼𳵻ؼҡ
T265ÿעˣƱǰƱϳ
վĹ㲥ʮһϾվƱϳ
ʮһһӲƱϳ֮ҺԼλȥ
ܿ죬𳵾Ϳʼˡ
Ȼ֮ʮһԼľȻһŮ
ŮŶʮҿҲһѧһͷںڵĳͷ쳣ľ续е߳һ㣬һֽŮԼʡ
ôһŮʮһҲ̲סЩȻĶ
ϸ۲Ů֮ϴһ˿ǳüͷƺʲôĵ飬Ȼ¡
ʮһһЦãҽʮһҲǰϽе𣿡
ʮһĴڨŮ̧ͷһ۵ãҽȷǰϽеġ
ŮԼаϲλŮ̫䡣
ǺǣʮһЦһɫƺʲô£
ЩĿʮһʵῴ𣿡
ʮһֵĵ˵ͷЦ֪һ
̫ˣʮһÿ࣬˵ĴеܰҿλؼҪȥףҿҵԵû
ף
ԣʮһɫһ壬ʵںĴŮҲҪؼס
ȻŮˣʮһЦԣ
ʮһϸİࡣ
Ƭ֮ʮһ۴һɫǺĶ׵ü֮һ˿׽̫˳
ʮһ˵źòһԼĶŮȻҪȥˣ·ѩһ;İء
ǰɣʮһĻŵһθؼףҪҸĸһֱңҲģҲŸմѧҵĲô̸
ʮһ˼Ƭ̵ǿ󲻵ãԵʲôס
̾˿ðɣ˵Ҳе
ʮһ˵֮ʱͻȻһĸũģ˳м䡣
ӿʮ䣬ű֯ϲơ
кһĴǮڻϱ˸͵ˣǮҴȥβġũһϣǸ͵ǮˣܰǮҾ޵
ũ񹤵Ҷ겻ѣҲ˭ܰæġ
͵Ǯʼûվũ񹤲¶ʧ֮ɫ
λũ񹤵ʮһҲͬ飬ûа취Ҳ֪С͵ĸˡ
˿̷ߺ޲ѵС͵Ȼũ񹤵ǮҲ͵
ԣʮһкøУһĶʮŮ
壬ûõĻȥɣ
Ⱥ֮
ũ̾˿ӻͳһöǮҵöǮϴģҰöǮҸˣ˭ܳʮ޾ҾͰöǮҸ
ͷʵƭ̫ɵӲˣ˭Ҳ֪ũ˵Ǽ١
ѹǮҸǿ
ܿмĺص˽ӹǮҿ˿Ը˳ļǮܵͣߵҲһǧǮũҪʮ޾ȻһǧǮûκεá
Ǯ̫ģ
ܶ˿˹Ǯ֮˵ôһ仰ܶ˲һͨũóһöֵʮĹǮңҾһöĹǮֵʮҲû˼
û˳ʮԼеǮңũ񹤽еˡ
ʮһȤũ񹤽е壬ǮҸҿ
ãʮһĽũ˹СӣöǮ洫ģүү˵öǮҿֵǮˣǰвǲóġ
ӹǮʮһϸĿöǮҸͭǮûʲôԲڷһʮһʱ¶˳Ծ֮ɫΪöǮʵ̫Ѱˡ
ΪʲôѰöǮĿ̵ġȪʮĸ֣ľưʽöǮҺȻç³ĴȪʮǮҡ
ç³кܶ˲˽⣬һ붫֮ĶȻç³˶̶ʮʱ䣬ȴĴλҸĸ
çĸĸʧܵģеһϵǮȴǹǮʷϵľƷҶ׭壬ʮ־


8 
СȪʮͭǮǵһλҸĸģȻȪʮʱ13꣬ȴç³ͨлͨʱĻҡ
׻˵ĺϡΪç³ʷʱʵ̫ˣçеǮҲֵǮģбĳưʽȪʮȽϡ٣Ѱ٣αƷࡣ
ǡǡöȪʮǱĳưʽһƷôһöȪʮĹǮҷŵܹʮĸ߼ۡ
ʮһĳũڴʵСֵܣöǮô
ʮһ˵ͷܺãȷһöɶõĹǮҡ
ԣũЦݵԸǮ𣿡

ȻȪʮȽֵǮǹŶֶ˵ֵǮֵǮ˵ֵǮҲͲֵǮؼǿܲҵһϲöǮҵĲؼҡ
ʮһҪǰöǮһûҪҪԼˣҶʮɲһСĿҲֻκʮֽ֧Ʊѡ
ѵһʶˣʮһԥɫͻȻũ񹤳Сֵܣ;Ⱦҵްɣ㲻£ҵ޾ûˡ
ΣʮһϽũ񹤵壬Ҫӡ
ʱԱ˵ҲûãһСôóʮ򡣡
ũ⻰һҲǸĿʮһСֵܶԲ𣬸ղ̫ˣöǮûҪˣȥβ
ũҪԼβʮһɵһᣬԥƬ֮ҧүԸʮöǮҡ
ʲôԸʮҵĹǮң
ʮһԸ⻨ʮԼĹǮңũһŵı顣
ʮһͷţԸʮĹǮҡ
ũЩɵʵСֵܣôǮ𣿡
ũ񹤻ɵʮһͳʮֽ֧ƱĹǮѵõľƷҲռıˣʮȥɣ
ʵʮһ֮ԻʮöǮԭģֻһʮֽ֧ƱĶǼٿǮжԷһũʵڲԸռʲôˡ
ʮһͳʮֽ֧Ʊũ񹤽˹ȥһɶ
ʱԱ˽ֽ֧Ʊ˹ȥ˿Ծ壬ⲻɶֽ֧ƱֻҪֽ֧ƱоȡʮԪ
ûֽ֧Ʊũŵ̫ˣ
ʮһҲڵ壬ģֽ֧ƱǾġ
ʮһô˵ũ񹤳׵ˣֻʮһСֵллˣҵ޾ûˣȫҵĴ˰
öǮֻʮʮû취Ǯ㡣
ũֽ֧Ʊ¶ޱȾȵɫ֪»ǻȥ
ʮһ̾˿ˣʮֽ֧Ʊ°ɣҲҸʮǮʮ͵Ҿ׸ģϣ㺢ܹտ
Сӣһ˰ҴȫҶл㡣
ʮһĻũǧл֮ʮֽ֧Ʊ뿪ˡ
Χ˿ʮһʮһöǮңÿɵӰ
ʮһеĹǮҲһЦû뵽ʮȻһöǮңҪöȪʮĹǮҲȥôͳˡ
˿ʵͲǸũ񹤹˵ٻƭ㣿
ǺǣʮһǮЦҲüٵҲã֮Ҷģλũ񹤴˵ǼٻôҲûйϵĺӦǽģҪ˵ǾˣҪ֪һʤ߼
һ⻰ĬƬȻ̧ͷ˵һˣ
ʮһ˵Լһ˲ӿЦһŮѷ֮ʱԷҲ˵һˣòԼġ˿е㷢ˡ
ʮǮֻ;еһСܿ𳵾͵յվϽС
ϽǶʡʡͬʱҲһغУΪĵغϽеľʮַе˿֮࣬ǻϷһʮҪĳۿڳС
߳վʮһЦܸʶ㣬ϣ´λټ档
ʮһͬЦǺǣҲϣлԼ㡣
ݰݣ
ЦЦ뿪ˡ
ȥıӰʮһеˣȻֻ;мһ棬ȴһĸоָоͺɬѧʱϵŮͬѧһ㡣


9 Ƹ
ʧ֮ʮһͻȻݺԼһ汿ȻûҪ绰룬˺ããĻ֪ܹܲټ档
ʮһٰûҲûˣΪѾԶȥˡ
ûа취ʮһֻ򳵻ؼң
ϽзΪϳ³³϶Ǹ¥á޺貣ϳϸͰ˾ʮϷӣļҾϽеϳ
ϳʷԭԽֵȽխԵĽҲ󲿷ϷӣʩҲȽϳ¾ɣȻ˵ϳȴ³ûеʷС
ϳխĽֵԼϷеУʮһԼرķɡ
ʮһ˴ʮӵ·̾Լļңһϸ;ʮϷӡ
裬һˣ
뿪һ궼ûлˣ˿ƿʮһ̴е
ƿ˽ȥʮһͿԼϤļңİ趼ʮֵļ򵥣ҾҲ󲿷ĸʱģĲɫӶѾʮʷˡ
С磬
Сʮһ
ҲʱһϵΧȹļͥŮ˳
ͥŮǱʮһĸ׺÷ڳԭֻʮĺ÷ȥԵЩ̬ü֮䶼ѾơںڵͷҲм׷
ԼЩϵĸʮһɵñһ裬Ҹողŵҡ
Ǻǣ÷ԼĶȰС磬ϴδ绰˵ҪȥʲôҵУһȥһ¿赣ˣҿǲˣ
ԣʮһεǰ
÷´ʮһЩ۵⺢û¸ȥҵУ㿴ڵãȥһԱ֮ǰݸˣһҪһٺóԵĸ㡣
ܵĸŨŨĸʮһǸж裬ֲСˣҳȥжʶҲǷǳкôģαҵжջǳĴ󡣡
ȷʵαҵеȷʮһջرĴõһˮʦµĴСھһõһֵƵĺԼһöǮҡ
÷ʮһԴôʱҲˣںúϢҰķȥ
˵⻰÷Ͱʮһıᵽķ䡣
ʮһ˱ˮ˿ɻʵ裬ôûڼң
÷ڷصȥˣƺܿͻؼҰɣ
Ŷ
ԣʮһҲûмȥˡ
ʮһĸһͨĹһһеϰ࣬ÿ춼ǳĹ
óǮϸапҸҲʽԿһԼĹꡣ
Ȼʮ֧Ʊ˻ϵũ񹤣Ƕڿʮһʼûз
Ȼʱű˿
ƿ߽֮һʮӣһɫĹߴһңޱһʮĸо
˾ʮһĸ
֡
Լĸ׻ˣʮһæǰе
С磬
ͻȻֵʮһЩʵ
šʮһ˵ͷαҵвҾͻˣٹһҵʱҾ͵»صѧУ׼ҵġ
ΪһĵѧҵʮֵҪΪҵûͨǾζŲõҵ֤ʮһҪĻΪ׼Լıҵġ
ţͺãͷʵС磬Ҫҵˣ֪׼ʲô
ʮһ֣Ҳ֪ʷרҵҵõĹ׼һҹ꣬ΪѧУղһлǱȽȤġ
ŶĬƬ̵Լ뷨ܲڵ˴󲿷ǺøԶϳԿۣҵ֮ζʧҵܶ඼ҲȻ뿪һҹְҲ֧ģֻһҹ겻СҪܶǮͶ롣
ʮһ֪ΪԼѧľ̫ãڸҲʮѡ
֣ʽһ취ģǵõѧҵ֤˵
Щüӣʮһæڵ
˵ͷҧҲãʱְֻһǮͶʿġ
Լĸͬ꣬ʮһʱһ
Сʮһĸ׶ʮֵ࣬˵õͬҪ
Լ׵ɫʮһͻȻ˷֡
ʱӡ÷ࡢϻƺ²ܿͻ鷳¡
ʮһʵ֣ǲʲô£
Ŀһɻʵô֪ģ
ʮһܵҿüչӲ²Ӧʲô鷳¡


10 ع
̾һ˵ûȷʵ鷳¡
һ⻰ʮһʵ֣㵽ʲô鷳£
һ̻صϼ׼ͨһٹ·ǡǼҵҪǨõҾ͸׼ȥڷأһ¡
ȻʮһǼĶӣĸȴһܵܣҲʮһĶ塣
ʮһȤæʵʲô£
ɫصڿصʱͻȻһȺߴĹ˳ʱһڷҸײҶˣһˮ׼ȥϾǨǴһʲôǻġ
ĹһȺߣʮһаԼҵⰡ
ʮһϼҲϽУϽʮԶɽ壬ҵؾɽһɽϣǰСʱÿȥɨĹ
ݡھļԼӰرĴزúпܺ˻ùҪغõô󸻴
һˣʮһڵ֣ڷҲһȥɣ
㣿ЩȵĿ˿ʮһͷȥҲãϾǼĳ
ͬԼȥˣʮһһҪԼҵص׳ʲô⡣
ڶһ磬ʮһ͸Լĸһǰϼɽ塣
Ͻ֮ųľɫʵ˵ʮһЩΪѾкܾöûɽˣСʱɽ峤󣬲͸Լĸĸ˳
ΪʮһĸĸǻеְԺ͸ǼϽзһ׷ӣȫҾʹɽᵽϽоסѾʮʱˡ
֣֪ɽûʲô仯ʮһתͷЩڴʵ
ǺǣЦЦɽǰкܴ仯ˣǰɽ岻ͨ·ͨ磬ڱǰö˼Ҽһ˵һһɽʡ·
ʮһоģϾӡɽһƫƧСɽ壬Լļͨ·ͨˣͯʱɽ峤ʮһоޱȵĸˡ
Լĸ׹Ȼ˵ûܿаͳͿͨɽʡ·
ʮһĿȫһƬƬɽЩྩж飬ȫǸ¥ãͻȻ֮俴ôɫֲ鲻ɵú
ŰСʱ֮ʮһĸڵɽ塣
Ȼ˵·ɽ嵫ʵһβ̵·̣δʡ·ͨһˮ·ʮһǵǰɽ嵽·
С磬߰ɣ
Ц˵仰ǰ·
Լ׺棬ʮһĴʮӵ·˴
ɽ˼һɽΧĴӣܶɽ
ڵشƫƧͨɽľûԵЩ󣬴ķӻ϶ϸʮӣҲЩ˼Ҹש
ɽмʮ˼Լˣд󲿷ֶǸŮͯԼ˼ңڴĲǺܶ࣬Ϊ󲿷˶ȥˡ
ʵںܶũ嶼˳ȥֻܶ¹¶Сڼ
ڴţʮһ󲿷˶ũɻȻɽľñȽ̫ԣʮһĺʡ
ûгԼĿһȫʵÿճϢ԰Ǻܶġ
ʮһӣ˶ǰк
ӻڶǳѾٻش
ʮһĸСӣԺܶ˶ġ
ǺǣЦЦ壬λΪذǨġ
ֽţʮһүүһˣϸ˵ʮһһҸŻеݹϵϾһӵ
ſʮһЦʵӣްɣ
ǰһʮһԴСүү
ûа취ʮһֻܹĽһүү
ʮһԼүүЦƶչ˿ҿɵһүү˵ǴѧҪ֪ѧǶϵ·
ѧȻѾţëˣũ廹ʮ˲ͷΡ
ûи̫໰ʮһԼĸ׺ܿҡ
ʮһĶɽĴ峤ڴﻹ൱ŵģǼҵķӻǴΪשΧһƬ֮Եرͻأ


11 ˮ
ȻʮһĶȻǴ峤Ҳûʲô˽Υ飬Ϊɽôһ峤ѵƤҲβǮ
ʮһҵשһ˳аʮĶֿ׬ġ
ܣڼ𣿡߽Ժֱӿڽе
ũҼһԺӣԺӴ󲿷ҲһЩ֮Ĺ
£ֻһ׳ʮҵ˳
ֿ磬
˵ʵʮһѾкܾûԼĶˣȻֵĴŸͨũûʲôڻǳ峤ԭϻһ˿ϡ
壡
ԼĶʮһǰĽе
ʮһָ˵ЦʵС磬ôҲˣ
ʮһص壬ҸպñҵлؼԾ͸ְһˡ
šֵ˵ͷƼΨһһѧڴѧҵ˿ҪΪƼǧ˿ǣɽ忴ҲñϾĸ
ʮһֻһŮ򹤣ԴС־ͰӶԴ
֪˶壡ʮһЦŵͷ
ʮһЦǱվ˽ɣ
Ƭ֮ʮһԼĸ׽뵽ּ
￴ʵܣҺ˷ˮ𣿡
̾һ˵Ҳǵù˭Ҳû뵽ȻܳһȺߣˮѾҺˣǾͿȥؿ
ɫصʵܣص¹شǧһÿܻһҵķˮ׿ף
İɣظҵķˮǷԲõ˶ӻضԾԿס
Ǿͺã
⻰ʱһ
ȻԼĶΪˮܿףһԵʮһˮȴǱкܴĻɣϾһũ˰޷ءĻ϶ǲʦ
ȻЩʮһ˵ڣҲûзʲô
ܿ͵ʱ䣬Ҳʱһɫ۵˽
ѽ
һӽǰĵĽе
ǺǡЦһƴ峤ƶ˵ҵ⣬Եһʱ͸˹֪ҵسʲô⣿
ʮһ֪ţϵԼķˮ
Ȼʿȷһɷǵģʮһϸһ෢ִɫ鸡һթ֮ƽϲ컬࣬汾ȴûж١
̾˿ģǰʱٹ·ҪǼҵعǾ֪ͨǨأҸҴǰȥڷأڵһһȺߡ
ŶԣʿźѪһȺǴ֮ףãҲѪְ֮
Ѫֵֺ֮ɫʱ䡣
һԵʮһʿĻﲻһЦ֪߱ѨӶϲĵطĹ߶ϲѼҰĹʿȫΣ
ԷĹ߾д֮ףڷˮѧ˵ȫǲŵġ
ֽʵô찡
ǺǣʿЦƴ峤㲻صģƶһƽµġ
ֶʱһ
ͬʱվһɵʵ֪Լ⣿
ʵҲе㲻ǰʿԲŻվ⡣
磬˵⣬ô
ԼĴ绳ķˮֵɫЩá
޷ʿ˰ЦӦǴϽģ֪ƶҲǺһҽܣҽܣɽĵʿӡɽ֮һֱĺﶨˣƶóľǿˮⷽԲﲻļǨ¾ӻ޷ضƶˮ
ֶ磬ķˮм٣ɽĵʿҪ֪ɽǵʥأһ˲á
ɽĵʿеĻҲࡣ
ǺǣܵЦʵˮƽɽ㲻ʲô͵ʦִڣǷƶһǽ
ûֲһ
Ҫ֪ũˮһܵĴڣΪǶʮֵŲӡŮ޷ضҪˮһ˷ˮʹӣǾͳ鷳ˡ


12 ɽ
һԵʮһܵĻȫ֮ԱǣʲôɽʿҪ֪ɽǵʥأ˻ȥũ˼ҿˮֱЦ
˿ʮһѾܺǻˣһǷˮǺƴʦ
һתֻЦҲ֪ƶһҲǼ㣬ԿˮļǮǱ̸ãȻº󳶲ɾ鷳ˡ
ԣʮһаˣͷϷˡ
Сʵ֪ˮļǮôգ
鷳һص˵ܽص⣬ҲƶξǧԪˮǮˡ
ǧԪ
Ǯֵָܵɫ̴䡣
Ҫ֪ũǧԪɲСĿ˵ʮһĸһµĹʲǧԪǧԪ൱һµĹˣû뵽ܿôĸߡ
ɫΪѵǮǲǸˣܲһ㣿
˵Ҫһ㣬ԭһЦݵɫʱˣֻɫһǧԪѾٵļǮˣǲԸƶߣʱǼ˻ʲôѣɱҽûǡ
˵أʱæ˵ҪǧԪԸһҪǽطˮ⡣
ֿϳǮЦȻǮ
תͷһСܣô״ӦȲ˵ˮû汾£ܲܿǼصķˮǧǮͲС顣
磬˵ˣɫطˮҶûкùӳԣСҪѧҵˣһʲôͺĪˡǧǮֵһ˳һ룬ֻҪܽطˮˡ
һ⻰ԼĶεĴӦðɣ
ôڿˮһھҪǧǮʮһߡ
ΪԼĸס岻ƭʮһ˲ֱ࣬վ˳ྩѧĴѧȻҲʲôˮҶô֪ʶ߱ѨӶסڷĹﲢһ£طҲʮձġ
ʮһһԼܵɫЦСޱΪ˼͸ƶǰ鲢ͿԽġ
С磬˵⻰ּæʮһһȻ󣬿ֺõЦֶֶӾǶ̫ɵˣǧҪ
ô˵ԼʮһʱҪʱĸ׶ʹһɫҪ˵ʮһֻܰѻʻضȥ
ˣһں˵ƶ޵֮ôһСǲҪϻˣȰǧǮƶȻƶͰȥء
õĺõġ
ܿ˴ǧǮܡ
յǮ֮ܵЦ¶һ仨߰ɣ
£־ʹԼҵȥˡ
ʮһҵɽ岻ԶһɽɽɽഫڹŴʱһֻϢ˵ɽ
˵ɽҲһˮأԲﷶΧ֮ڵǮ˼ңԼҵؽʮһһҲûԼػʲô⡣
ʮһѾкܶûеɽˣ˵ɽΧߵɽ壬ߴǧ׶ҵƱȽ϶ͣһɽС·۵
ɽķ羰ܺõǸߴɽϻһн£䶦ʢĽݷ𣬿˵ɽԶɽ
аСʱʱ䣬һʮһҵǰ
ʦҼҵءЦŶ˵
ʮһҵ̫үүشڵʱѾмʮʷˣĹũ򵥵ˣڷĹǰשһȦ
š
ܵ˵ͷó̿ʼĴ
ҲʱʮһҲϸ鿴Ĵɽƣݡھ桶ᾭƪѡլҪľǿΧɽԼľСϪȵء
ʮһĹ۲Լҵطˮ̫Ĺǰɽ꣬ǸߴڷĹһðĹ˵ˡ
ҲһԽܵʦҼҵҸרõķˮѡģʱӾҼҵطˮã˭Ҳû뵽顣
˵ֵܶ̾һϾԼҵطˮ⣬˭úֵܻܲŻؽɴҪطˮ⡣


13 ɱ
ԥƬ̵ƶĹ۲죬ҵطˮûʲô⡣
ԣɻʵȻûΪʲôڳһߣ
ֵ⣬˵ƶӦҷĹǿð⣬ǿð˵ҲмʮʷˣԳر֦Ҷïеɽɽˮˮ֣ðôõʱҲѾɾˣֻҪĹϵǿðеȻӭж⡣
ܵĻʮһһЦ
ΪԼصķˮ⣬ĹϵǿðûаëǮĹϵҪ֪ǾģĹҪľ
֮ǰĽѵʮһҲ˵Ϊ뿴ܵܺƵʲôʱ򣬵ȵƲȥʱôԼ˵ʱˡ
ãھͰǿðˡ
һ⻰ֶ˵Ӿ׼ȥ
ԼĵܵҪϽȰܲҪ嶯ΰǸȥġ
˵磬ͱˡֹԼɫõȻ˵Ǿͱ뿳ʲôԸ𣿡
Լĵܵܿľ˼ҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
ֿﲻ˵û˿ԥʼˡ
ԼĻָźЦǺǣðѾǳˣֻҪǼҵطˮͳ׽ˡ
˵ĵʮһɵƲƲ졣
ʮһ￴ܾһƭӣһ㲻ʲôˮ
ִСڴɽﳤûмӾͰһøߴ׵İˣϵ֮ͻȻⷢˣֻѴͻȻðһ̡
ǵͻȻðỊ̇־ļæתͷʵô£
ȻҲû뵽ϰ֮аͻȻðôҲǳ뷹ģ΢֮Цؽţղ㿳ϰ͵ɱðǵ̾ǰľھɢǿ԰ڷˡ
ԣֶʱȻĵͷЦȻǷԲõķˮû뵽һ۾ܿðˮˡ
ȻܵЦ
ǵͻȻðỊ̇ʮһЩأɲΪǵʲôľ෴ͻȻðİеʮֵĲ
еȻѾҸˣھ͸Ͽڷذɣȷڿ֮ٺúһȵŹǣȻһˮأѡʱǨأǸʱǾͿ԰ˡ
ȻоЩףһʱ˵ûа취ֻͷԼĶһڷأȻ˵ڷֵ˿
ܿڵײĵʱͻȻһȺߴ˳
ЩдСܹǧл۾ߡ岽֮Ķߡ
ô඾ߴֵ֮һ
谡ôôߣ
ôߴܵɫҲԵʮֵѿ
Ҳ£߶ѿƶôԸǡ
˵仰ֻóһӣȻӲͳһѻɫķĩͽЩĩǧȥ
˵Ҳ֣Щɫĩǧ֮Щԭ׺ޱȵĶҳһţǧ߿ʼĴӴܡ
ŵɫĩ̱ǵζʮһаܻе㱾µģȻ֪ۻɢߣǲ֪͵ж󡣡
ԭܴӲͳĻɫĩۻƷۣҪ֪֮߳ĶµľۻƷۣһۻƷۻϾӵӰˡ
ܿǧĶ߾ͱۻƷ۸ɢˣԭһҲʹ˻ˡ
ֱųһ亹ʦʱȻô඾ǿ϶ס
ǺǣܵЦһȺ߶ѣ׾ͿɽڶѾˣǿԷĵĹٵߴܳ
˶ߵΣֵֺܱ󵨵Ĺˡ
ڽ˶Σ֮ڷؾԵúܼˣûʲô¼
Źʮҵʱ䣬ֵܾڵ˹ײġ
ʮһ̫үүĹײľɵģԼʹ˰ʱȻûи࣬ײôľ֮ľ˿ľԼ̴ľʮľġ
ڿײ֮ܶŹײЦеƴ峤벻ȻͦǮġ
ǺǣЦЦʵǰɽһĴϧǶʮ䣬ǼҴ󲿷ֲƲһȺˡ


14 ʬ
˵ȵĲƲߣ¶һ˿ʹĵı顣
ԼǴ飬ʮһҲŵģ˽⵱Լȣ˵ǷԲеļͥǼū;а֮ࡣ
ⶼǰˣһһĲǺ⡣
˽⵽ּǰǴ֮һתٺЦƴ峤Ȼ˵Ӧ˲ٱ
ڽ֮ǰũ϶ᣬǸʱ΢Ǯ˼ҶƷ
˼Ƭ̵ҲǺҪ֪ʱǸʱһСүүҸһֲٰģҵѾڼǰȥˡ
ָʱպʮһϴѧһ꣬뵽ʮһͺǸӣҪ֪ʮһүү뿴ľϴѧһ죬ϧûпͻȥˡ
ԣεЦƴ峤Ҳֻʡ
ⶼǰʲôýġһΪȻİ˰֣ɫʵӦǵ˿׵ʱ򣬲֪ûʲôɻ䣿
ũ忪׿ɲһС飬ʮֵĽ
νЦûѾһѺɡһ¿׵ʱѺɡסŹǾͺãǧҪ̫䵽ʬϡ
ڴʱֵ̫ʮңʬһȽأ̫䵽ʬϰũ˵ԼҵȻԱúɡڵ̫⡣
ʮһһܣ뵽һҲһ֪
˵⻰ܾͽɡݸ֡
ѾȫڿĹײģֵܶ֡˵ˣڵؼʱ̣ڿ֮ǰȱüһˡ
׼ũϰף֮ǰʹ˼Ʒ
һ⻰ֶ˵磬ѴĶȫóɣ
õġ
һֱϽУԶũһײֵ̫ĻʹӴĲóƷһͷѼԼһƿ׾ƻһЩֽ֮Ķ
ͷѼһ붼õ
ͷѼȼƷڵ˹ײĵǰٵ㣬һ֮ƿ׾˹ײıߣ󽫻ֽȼ
תһʮһС磬Ҳһȡ
ţ
ڼԼʮһȻܾӹȻľѵȼ嵽˹ײıϣһ˺ˡ
ڼ֮ܿһˣڿԿˡ
Ҫʮһͷһܾûвõ鷢
ܵĻ־ͿʼóһѸǥ׼ס
Ȼ׼˹ߵǹײĿɲôÿģΪײܶľ
ڷ˾ţֽ׸˿һǡ
ҲʱͻȻˣֻһ˿ײĵһ
ײͻȻðĺʮһʱɫ䡣
ҲǱһܼæʵô£
ܰ˰ֵƴ峤ҪСֻ֣ʬڹײ̫ˣɢʬѣʬɢȥ֮ûʲôΣˡ
̾һµľԼҵٳʲô⡣
Ƭ֮󣬹ȻײĺͲˣܶ˵ƴ峤ˣںѾɢԼˡ
ԼĶ廹Ҫף̳ȥеף
ʮһֹԼֲʵС磬ڸ
ʮһɫ˵ǧܿף֮ÿһ˶Σա
һ⻰ܵɫС޲Ҫ˵ƶʲôΣա
ȻΣգʮһܴеղŹײɢĺͲʲôʬһ׺пʬ彫թʬ
ԣܴЦСʲôֻ˵֪ʲôթʬֲʲôĹôթʬȰ㻹һߴȥɣ
֪ʮһĿҪˡ
ʱҲǳС粻Ҫٺ˵ˣô֪ײĴ򿪾ͻթʬѵ˵СӲҪ죬һԴŰɣ
ʮһ˿ǳˣܸܲԼ˵֮׹ײɢĺǴµġھ￴ģο˵Ҳǲŵġ
ھأһײðô֤ײʬܷ䣬һʬӴôͺпթʬ
ҪʬթʬˣǿǺֲܿ飬ζпʬ彫ɽʬ


15 ʬ
ҶԼĻʮһĸ˵ˣҲʱסСʵС磬˵Ķ𣿡
ʮһͷ֣˵ĵȻ
һѧôЩģɻʵ

Լĸ׶ʮһҲûκΰ취ˡ
ʮһ޻˵֮ʱĶѾ׸Ǹ˿
ײ˿֮һԵ̳ɡסҵ̫⡣
ѽ
Ҳʱֿײڵľʱ̲סֵĴһ
ֵľʮһæǰȥ鿴
ָŹײ־ʵô£
ִսһҲײڵľһֻײһʬʬʮֵĹ죬ȻʱûȫñһѰ׹ǡ
ʬϴʱɫͳ£ʬȫɱʬһ㣬˳ԾʬϾȻϸܵסˣʬıȻһֲë
ܿŹеĳɴ˫۵찡ȵʬȻ˽ʬ
ԼȾȻ⸱ӣɫʵ⵽ô£ΪʲôǼȵʬӣ
ҡͷҲ֪Ϊʲôӣ
ԣʮһЦһ㲻ǷԲ֮ķˮ𣿶㻹Ǵɽĵоĵʿô֪

ʮһʣܵɫ쳣Ρ
ʲôʮһˣɫʵס壬֪ǼȵʬΪʲôҪ𣿡
ҡҡͷҲ֪ղѾ˵̫үүʱһС
ԼĶʲô֪ʮһʧ̾һ
ʱһԵǸʱȻǶûгСʱ˵ԼصĹ£ǵʱһСҲû̫⡣
⻰ʮһæʵ֣үү˵ʲô𣿡
˼Ƭ̵Ҽǵүү˵Ǽʱɽõķˮײĵʱȴ⡣
ʲô⣿ʮһϽ׷ʵ
ʱҲͲϸ롣ĬƬ̣˵˵ڷʱڳһߣʱ˶һ
һɻʵ磬ôû˵
һ۵ʱ㶼ڴɿ֪ʲôҲ߰˵ġ
ʮһаѹԼҵڳôߣʱѡľһѰܸղЩ߶ǰߵĺ
Ȼʮһ룬һʵּȻڳ˴ߣΪʲôǵȻǱ
͵үү˵ʱǸˮ˵˴ɽڳ߾ǶҪֻҪʬϾͿԱ󸻴ܳٵĴүүҲҪطײĵģˮô˵е뷨
ʮһ֮ԱǣԼҵԼ֪
ԴӰ֮ǼҾʹԭĴƶũȻĸ￪Լĸ׳Ϊ˹˶Ϊ˴峤Ȼ󸻴Զˡ
ҲȤæʵǺôˣ
˵Һ߸ˡ
ʲôߴˣ
ʮһʱɫ䡣
ʮһı飬ﲻʵС磬ôˣ
ʮһɫѿ֣֪ΪʲôǼҵػˡ
С磬⻰ô˵غԼصĴ£Ｑæʵ
ʮһһȷʵǽɽҲõķˮأ뵱ռһ߾ģû뵽ȴүүǸˡ֮ĺ϶ưոݣǾռǼҵرѣҪ֪߿ѪǳأȵʬŻ䡣
ܲмЦСɱ˵ȻΪʲôʬϱ
ʮһƲһۣʵ֣ǵļҵǲڿ
ǵģͷǼǵʮ궯ʱڱǼҵҲڿүүԼ
ʮһͿԽΪʲôʬϱˣһǵʱүү԰ϵģΪʲôҪǸʱԼҵؾͳ⡣


16 ëʬ
û︽͵үүҲҪǨأʱʮֵĶһҶǵɷ֣ǮȥǨأһֱϵڲŹ⡣
˵֮ʣײʬͻȻ䡣
𡫣
ֻһҰްĵͺײʬȻ۾˫ðźɫĹâﻹųͣҪϵ
ѽۼҵȻˣ
ͻȻı仯ֶʱŵ̱ڵϴһ
ΣֵܾĴеʬ䣬ûʬˡ
ҪԼȵʬˣ˹ȥŭһŽߵڵغʿǵĻʲôǵǮˮڳȻҪǼȵʬ壬Ҳ㣡
һߵڵصܼŭŵһ仰˵ˣ
Լĸ׻ҪǰŹܣʮһæǰס
ֲҪˣھҲûãؼҵİ취
ʮһĻҲ侲ĿһܵС磬˵öԣǵȷҪƭӼƽϣһ½ˡ
ߵڵصɫЩ˵ҵģײʬѾ˽ʬʬյһܲ
ߡʮһһ㻹˼˵⻰ղҾ͸˵ܿףͲںթʬ˰ɣ㵹һѻȵʬյ
ʮһָĻһһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
Ȼʮһ˵Ҳ֪ûյʬõĽ취Ҳ֪취ĸ׸϶ͬģϾΪڻŸٹ̵˼롣
𡫣
ͻȻʱײĽʬӾҵĵͺ
ΣʮһɫãʬҪѳˡ
ûʬˣվϽеëʬһѳҺɱڳ˶ġ
ʮһ֪ʬΪ֣ܶʬϳëɫͬһΪëʬëʬëʬëʬȵȣëʬнʬ͵ȵġ
ȻëʬȲĽʬǶͨ˵ȻѶԸ
꣡
Ȼֻһ죬ԭڹײëʬϵȫ˿
һյˣǶҪˣھûնˡ
ëʬ֮˾ʹӹײ˳
˿̵ëʬӿޱȵﳤŷǳ˫ǹĺɫƤɱ͸һ߸ʬ࣬ȫë
˵ʵԼȱӣʮһﻹе㲻
ëʬۿеˣͻȻֻͺһ㳯̱ڵϵ˹ȥ
ëʬ֣ʮһ̴е壬Сİ
ͬʱҲֵĽеҪҿôɱңȻŹҰɣ
Ȼֿధ󣬵ëʬȻŲʵĳȥ
ʮһ˵ûõģǵѾ˽ʬʬһûκθûκǻ۵ΨһĿľʳѪҺ
ѽֲ̫ˣ
ëʬȻʳԼѪҺִһŵƨ
ͬʱëʬҲһһĳ˫ں׷ϡ
ͻȻֵëʬһסܵʵ㲻Ƿˮڳ̸ҽϾͰëʬƷˡ

ҪԼȥƷëʬ֧֧İҲ˵
ͷȥ
µܣһֱӽ˹ȥ
ò˵ڴСڴɽﳤȻëʬ͵׷ǡþʱܱһ˹ȥܿëʬͰĿΪ
ƬëʬŴѪڳȥ
ëʬĽҲǱһ˿̵ǸѼϼˣֻӲͳһװɫҺСƿӣȻСƿеĺɫҺ嶼˹ȥ
˵ҲֵɫҺõëʬ֮ð̣﷢Ľ˶ܲĿ
ЦһСƶĺڹѪ
ڹѪбаЧһũﶼڹ

õڹѪëʬϰţ
ҲʱܵʮһߣǰһгԾ˵һֵģһͽǿëʬ
ԣʮһƲƲ첻м壬ֹ̫ˡҪ֪ëʬɲôöԸģһƿڹѪûκá


17 ͯ
䣬Ȼʮһϣֻëʬ˺ڹѪ֮Եüŭ˫ܣȻͺһٳ˹ȥ
һëʬٶʵ̫ˣܸûа취ܡ
ΣʱͻȻѵ˿Ӵһҵͯ򣡡
Ϳһɫˮֱֱ䵽ëʬϣɫҺ䵽ëʬϺð˱֮ǰŨỊ̇﷢Ľ
ܵЦǺǣƶͯѾмʮĹˣһëʬҶֱھ㳢ͯ
ʮһ˶ʱͷðһƬ߳ˡ
ʮһ˲亹аǳƴˣ˼ʮϴ֮¶˳ͯȷëʬһˡ
˵ܼʮͯȷǳֻëʬϵëͯȫ͸ˣԭֲëҲɢȥ
ȻëʬشȻû
𡫣
һŭĵͺ𣬽ʬֱӽ˵ڵء
ѽѽ˵ڵصֵܾĴеˣҿɹƭʮ⵽˱Ӧû뵽һũȻðһ߽ʬһôһֻëʬ
ܵĻָ˺޵
ҿִԭܻǸƭӣȻƭǧǮ
ǱˣҪ֪һֱرһºܴķˮ
ʬסܵĲӣþȫ˫ֵסôпܣ˿ѪѾʬȫˡ
ǵþܣȻᱻʬɱġɫص˵
ôȰһεѾȫ˽ʬҪ֪ʬǵǹ롢ģƾǼȥҲֻѡ
ȷʵʬʵ̫ѶԸˣÿһ˶üͷָողűʬ׷ƨ˿ûеǰˡ
ȻƭӺܿɶ񣬵ʮһĿʬɱ
֡壬˺ǰȥˡʮһһ
ʲôʮһҪȥˣɫ󾪵С磬
һԵҲȰ԰ƼΨһĴѧǧܳ嶯

ҲʱһֱֵѾûˣɳƵϺž
ۿֲܼסˣʮһ֡壬Ƿİɣڴѧڼѧȭֵȶѧȥһ԰˾ȳģҲô˵ҲˮģһʲôҲѴ̡
ǡ̾Ҳʵ̫Σˡ
岻ͬ⣬ʮһԼĸʵ֣֧𣿡
˼Ƭ̵ͷС磬˵ûô˵ܶģҽʬҲȱɵģ˵ǶΡȥɣһʲôΣҪǵ˳ʱһɽȥæ
Լĸͬˣʮһ˵Ц֣һСĵġ
˵⻰ʮһͳ˹ȥˡ
磬⡭
ʮһǰȥˣҪȰ衣
û˵꣬￪ڴЦܣһ·ѵûСѾСѾǴˣȻҪǾҪ֧뷨
ðɣȻ㶼ô˵ˣҲ޻˵
ô˵ֻ޿κε̾һ
ʵʮһȥҲäĿģ书ԲûзΣھеУзкܶսɡҪһýʬʳܵѪҺôʵ̻ᱩǡ
ĵǸʱԼ塢˶Ӳµʬɽôɽ˵һѣ˲ܴķȥˡ
ʮһǰȥʱ򣬴ʱѾֵסˡ
ûйԥʮһһֱһʬȥ
ʮһһƴһžͰǿޱȵĽʬ߳һ׶Զ
ʬ֮ʮһǰܷĵʵû°ɣ
˿̵Ҳû֮ǰɷǵӣͷɢϵ۱˺ԵΪǱ
ŲԼΣչʮһһεллң㣬ƶһҪȥʦүˣ֮ǰ黹˲С˹
ʮһ˰ֵڲ˵Щʱ㻹ǸϽ˰ɣ
ˣԣһʵˣô죿
ǺǣʮһЦЦģʬͽҶԸɣ
ðɣƶˣһСһ㡣


18 ëʬ
ҲǱ⽩ʬˣ˵仰˳ȥ
֮ھֻʣʮһһ׺ޱȵĽʬˡ
߷ɵĽʬӵվŭĳʮһŭţ˿˫ѾѪɫʳѪҺʧױ˳
𡫣
ֻʬһͺȻͿٵĳʮһȥ
ʬʮһԶԵΪš
磬ϣСû¡һζҵĴҲû뵽ǼҵؾȻô⣬֪ҾͲ׵ģȻҲô¡
ﰲοܣô˵ⲢȫĴϾ˭û뵽ȵʬȻ˽ʬģСһӦġ
ȻҲʮֵĵģ֪ΪʲôԼĶرġ
Խʬ͵ĽʮһԵһƽͻȻֻҧԼʳָָ䣬ȻָͷڿвϵıȻš
˵Ҳʮֵ棬ʮһҧƵʳָڿбȻͻȻڿгһѪɫ׭׭˸Ѫ⿴Ϊ졣
Ѫɫ׭ӡھ׭ƪѧģֻһƷʦΪѪΪҪ֪Ѫ徫Ѫ
һĵطָľѪѪűааЧ
ڽʬҪ˵ʮһǰʱѪҲ׻ˡ

ֻʮһһѪͿٷ뽩ʬϡ
Ѫ뽩ʬֵˣֻԭޱȡɲĽʬͻȻͣһҲܶԼԿһѪɫ
ʩչѪ֮ʮһҲԵʮֵƣڵĴŴ
˵ʮһѪɲǼ򵥵ķ׭רſƽʬһ֮ĶڹŴкܶоĵʿⶨƽʬ
ԶԭޱȵˣһĻԼͬ˫ۣ
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ҡҡͷЦܣʵʲôҲ֪Сǰͬˣǰصڼﱧ鱾Ҳ֪ʲôʱѧĵ
ֺȻ֪˿̵ʮһѾǵõһʦµĴУһԵܿǰһĻŵ찡ȻʧѾõѪ
Ѫǵҵһַ׭ͨķ׭ͬҪ֪ͨķ׭ǻڻֽϵģѪȴѪΪýֱӾͿʩչķ
Ѫʬס֪ܹ֮˷ʱ䣬ΪѪȻܽʬסֻһƷʦΪԳʱ䲻̫
û˿ԥʮһֱӳ˹ȥȻһҧͷһѪҺʬϡ
ʮһѪҺµʬ֮һĻˡ

ֻµʬϵѪҺٵȼգʬҲʹĺѪҺȼյٶԽԽ죬ܿ콩ʬȫʼȼһ˲ԭǿޱȵĽʬͱ˻ˡ
űɻ˵Ľʬʮһһ
Ҫ֪ʮһղѪɲһѪѪѪָѪбаĹܣһѪҺһаѪһ
ѪҺȼյٶȷǳĿ죬Ƭ̵ʱ佩ʬͱճһ߰׹ǡ
Ѿɰ׹ǵĽʬʮһ֪Σ׵Ľˣ˿ʮһãҪ֪֮ǰʧָѪѪͷĿѣеʧѪȵ֢״
ԭޱȵĽʬʮһƷˣ˼æ˹
С磬û°ɣ
˿ʮһĵʵ
ʮһЦЦҡҡͷ֡壬Ƿû¡
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ֿŵϵİ׹ЩļµʵС磬߰׹ûʲôɣ
ʮһЦŻص壬ģ߰׹ǾǵȣڸղǸʬѾҸɱˣڴҶٵˡ
ʮһѽʬɱɫޱȸ˵̫ˣС磬Ҫ϶ҪӵģΪ֮ǰΪǸ
ԣʮһæ˵壬㲻˵ʵҲܹ⣬һлΪܹ˳ǨأҲû־淢
̾һС磬ô˵ĺܲû뵽ۼҵؾȻô⣬֮Ȼһ߽ʬ˳
һ⻰ʮһüͷʵ壬֪үүĸˮ𣿡


19 ʷ
ôˣѵۼҷˮ𣿡һʵҪ֪үүĿǴõķˮѡҲɽõλã
ʮһһص壬Ȼĵطɽõλã֮ǰѾʹҰְ֣˵صʱڵڳһߡ߲ͨĴߣǿҪ߾ĴߣүүǸĴˣﶼԣ֮߱϶ܲʣΧʱһڵʬͻʬΪʬһʬɽʬôں˵䲻Ҳɥһ޳ɣӾﳹû̳С
ʮһĻֺ˵ɫʮֵ
С磬ڻʲôʵ
ʮһתͷ֣һɵүүķˮ⣬ǹǵģꡣ
ģͻȻС˵ûǵķˮ϶⡣Դȱ֮ǵļұˣֵСҲ󲿷زۣµµΪһ²ɡ
ʮһ֪Լĸ֮ǰмСȫز˾ֻʣһ˻СʱҲಡ
ҵҲһ⣬ԭĸСȫˣûа취ֻȥ¶ԺһŮӤȻͻɹ¹ˡ
֮תͷʵ磬֪ǵĸˮ𣿡
ҲǺǴ
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յģƿڴҵ˭ԭɽĸף˵һֱڴҹȥû뵽ĸ׾Ǽҡ
ʮһ֪ԼĶȻɽĴ峤ɽһԾŶĻǴ֧ɽϾڻһֱǵ˵㣬Դ֧Ȩȴ峤ҲǺȻġ
һֱֶɽ˺ϲΪ˴鳳첱Ӵ֡
ʮһҲǺʵ֣֪ɽĸΪʲôҪ𣿡
ϸƬ̵үү˵ԭӣǴʱɽʲô¶ѡӡҲһʮص飬ǾڽǰүүͬʱϲһǵүүǴĴǸŮĻǼ޸үү֮ҪƼҿ϶үүйأǸʱɽôһˮүүҲֻεˮû뵽үүһѡ
ʮһ֪ԭԼطˮȻôʷԨԴ
ߣλȥһҪúɽ쵰ʳˡֶݺݵĵ
ԣʮһʱˡ
Ҫ֪ɽĸˣ־ȻҪΪɽˣضһӻҵģϾֺ˷ˮûж˸ҳϡ
ũҪǺ˷ˮ鱻֪ˣһӵɾͳ׵ĳˡ
üڲ˵ЩʱˣүүʬѾ˳ǸδҵʬǻҪһˮǨء
ţ˵ֵ˵ͷȻһŵĿʮһʵС磬ǼѾû˰ɣ׹Ӧòٳʲô鷳ɣ
ǺǣʮһЦЦ壬ۼسûˣҺĹǨأǴҶԳ׷ˡ
ǾͺãǾͺã
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ҲʱԶ˹ĵЦСֵƶϹûпԭҲǷˮһŵˣȻѪֵҲ֮ض
ʮһһ۵ǣΪҸһֻ˲ɡ
ʮһ⻰ܿһɫʮֵΡ
ƭӣȻƭӵͷϡͻȻʱɫĴ㣬Ҫҵֶڣڳ군ˣ쵰ǧǮүүʬ˽ʬҲѪ
˵⻰־Ҫִˡ
Ȼûʲô汾µӦǿһҪִ̾˳ȥ
ƴ峤˵ܴеȻƶҵе΢һũ忴ˮûģҲ֪صķˮôأȻײʬ˽ʬ
㻹˵
Ϊƭĺܲҵ⻰ʱðɡ
ۿ־ҪȥŹܣʱһԵϽǰס


20 ѧ׽ʬ
ܣ嶯Ȼܵȷƭǣ˵׻ǵƼңҪǼҵҲ⣬ҴҲǽİ취
㵽һߵҲϽ͵ƴ峤˵еƶ治ǹġ
סִ˿Ҳ侲ƭӣӽԲ㣬ǵǧǮ³ȻҪÿ
úúãھͰǮǡ
±ŹܸϽ֮ǰյǧǮֵֺܡ
չǮһʶȤȻ߲ɽ塣
Ҫ˵ֱϾ峤ˣķ˺£ֵвֻܲЦǣƴ峤д벻Ҫƶһʶ
֮ǰݵǱģʮһʧЦʵܣ֮ǰ˵ɽĵʿôһ߽ʬʰˣ
ʮһĳεЦǺǣСֵ˵ЦˣʵȻǰɽĵʿһֱֽŲɾϲƱˣûþͱɽ˳
˵ţ̾һ˵ȻɽĵʿҲֻѧһƤëֻ֮ɽΧ֮˿ˮڷԡ
ʮһҲû뵽ܻɽĵʿڿܵȷûѧʲô汾£Ҫ汾¹ڻÿ϶Ƿˮ
ģʮһҲûٴȤǿ˵ܣϾ˿ˮʬǵͽˡ
úúãʬǵͽҰɣ
ڿʮһ汾֮Ͳһ˿ηС
˵ܿԳΪɽ巽ԲķˮҲȫ˵ָ֮ºֵܿܣͰȵʬǸ
ʬ֮ʮһһ˾˽ɽɽȥˡ

صɽպõԷʱ䣬ʮһһ˾͵ļ
ڱʮһʶĿοˮûеõһǮȻͻˡ
˼ֽʬǵĹǻҺСĵķźãʮһοЦС磬ζ㣡㣬Ҹ㸸ײ֪ܲ߳ɽ
ʮһ˼Ц壬ô˵ʵҲֻǰһСæѡ
СæֿʮһǫʱеС磬ԸʬǼֱּȵӰĻ棬ЩǴѧġ
ʵһֱʮһҲΪЩʬӰﶼƭ˵ģԴõھ֪֮ʵʵһЩ¼ȵӰĻֲˡ
ҲɻʵС磬㲻һֱھѧôѧЩˮʦ֮ѵѧУнֶ
ȻˣƷʬ֮ʮһ֪Լĸ׿϶׷ģѵõھԼĸס
ΪеǡƥﻳھĳЩ˵о޴ջһõھ鱻ȥô鷳ԼļҲ鷳
ʮһ˽ڣֻһЦ֣ѧǻĸߵѧȻǲЩ⽨ŵĶЩˮ֮ǴһϽѧġ
Ͻڣ
ʮһĽͣĲ⡣
ǵģʮһ͵ϽǴѧϵĽڣȫרҵʮģԷˮߡЩʮֵľͨһżȻĻʶϽڣҹ棬ǾͽһЩˮ֮
˵֮ʮһоԼϻģʵ˵Ļ߷ּ棬ھѧȷһϵϽڣϽھ˵ǹҿŶӵרҡ
ȻϽڶʲôˮ֮ʮһͲ֪ˣ֮á
Ȼ֮һȻԭˣ⾩ѧԻ
ҲĽѧǺðʲôԴѧУѧ
Լĸ׸ı飬ʮһһգϾеĶġ
Ϊ˲ԼĻʮһʵ壬ʲôʱ׼Ǩأ
ǨǴ°ӳ顣
šͷ͵˵ûΪǸ׵ķˮãֵһӣǨرء
ֵǰؼһ׵ķˮ̫ˣǿɲûбµĴƭˣҵˮ֮ѡĹԼȷǨڡ
ԣʮһаԼĶǳױܸӲˣ


21 ˮ
һҲȻҪ֪֮ǰֶرΣʲôĻû뵽ڷؾȻ¶ƭӵĿ˵ȷһСĴ
ɫصܣ˵ĶûдҷˮҲһ׵飬ϾҲ֪ĸˮ׿ף
һ⻰ֺȻЦ磬ǻҪʲôˮǰһֳɵķˮ𣿡
ɻʵܣǰķˮ
ָʮһЦǺǣС粻ǿ׵ķˮ𣿡
ͻȻᵽԼʮһ󾪵壬ɱ˵Ƿˮ
ôˣЦ֮ǰԸʬֵ𣿶ܶͶأ㻹һѧϽڽˮ֮ǨСһѲ㣬ۼǨصͽȥɣ
ʮһһЦ֪ͲʲôβˣڵǰʯͷԼĽţҪ֪ǨؿɲСһʲô⣬ĳе
һˣʮһϽ˵壬ͱЦˣǨôô
ôɫЩõС磬ۼԼ飬ǧҪˣ㲻飬ȥһ׵ķˮ
һԵҲȰС磬˵öԣҿλؼҸǰһˣرȻѧˮ֮ôۼǨصͽɣ
Լ׶˵ˣʮһѾʵҲѵĽڡ
ûа취ʮһЦðɣ֡壬Ȼô˵ˣҲֻΪѣ󻰿˵ǰͷһʲôǧҪҡ
ʮһ˿ҲǸѼϼܣҪ֪ȻõһʦµġھҲֻһһƷʦѣǨô˵е
ʮһļЦС磬Ƕܷġ
⻰ʮһǳˣԼĶȫǨصصԼ
С磬׼ʲôʱǨأȻʵ
ʮһũĶʮ˰ᡢ롢磬׼ǨصʱͶں졣˵ţһʵ塢֣ǿ
໥һ۵ͷЦӺܺãûκ
Լĸ׸Ǩصûκεʮһһ
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Լ׵Ŀʮһﲻ̵ģ˿ԺٷšھᾭƪϣԴҵһЩڰйˡ
˵ھᾭƪں˻ļǧڰעµдᾭƪʱҲǽˡᾭⱾݡ
ᾭơ顷˶ѧ߹ᾭԷˮҪǻķˮĻ֮ڣл֮顣
ֺʵС磬׼Ǽȵʬǰᵽ
ʮһ˼Ƭ̻صɽ巽Բ֮ڷˮõľֻнɽɽ˵ɽΧȺɽ׼ǰذڽɽ
⻰϶¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
ɻʵǶӽɽôô֪ذ
ȷʵɽȻ˵ֻһɽ˵ɽǽɽߵɽѣ༸ǧɽҲԱΪɽ
ʱһɽɣ
ʮһ˿ҲܴƱֻܺǵ˵
ԣֵܵͷõģǵʱһɽ㿴
Ǩ֮ʣͻȻһũ帾ŮӴ˽
ũ帾ŮʮһæǰĽе
ԭǰһЦݵũ帾ŮʮһĶҲֵŶá
߰ʮڻũһͥСȽ϶࣬˴ӴСȡֶȡʲôáááá֮ģʮһĶü϶˽жá
ŶÿʮһЦǺǣû벻С𶼳ôˣǽΪصɣպũҾȥ
˵⻰Ŷþͽ˳׼ȥˡ
ԼȥıӰʮһͻȻãȻûлϼңѪϵ޷ģûҲİС
ɵ˶ŮԼǸûѪԵϵСãˮ


22 ɽ
㱼䣬ʮһ˼Ʈʮǰʱûи游ĸᵽϽС
ʱˮ˫ۻʮһĸ첲ϣЦӯӯĿ磬ǳһҪô㣬òã
ʮһҲˮͷЦɵѾͷôңѿ϶Դ׵ģ
ҲŲҪأһôˮһ˿иǴһĨ
ˮô˵ʮһǳƨЦЦ˵ҹⱲǼ޲ȥֻ˹ˣΪôǲˣ
ˣС磬ˮѾͷǰЩӴ绰أ˵㶼þò绰ˣʮһ˼ʱ¿еĲ裬̧ͷʮһ˵
ֵĻʮһعЦЦ˵һֱæڱҵˣֻҲûܱе磬ǨأҾȥˮĵطһ֮ٻѧУҵģ
ڶգʮһֶˣɽԼһʱֱĹǻ̳ɽ·ߣҪС¿ĵǻ̳ķģ
С簡⻹ҪòҵõķˮذѾеˡ
壬ˡʮһһܵĵΣվ֮˵
С磬ʲôõİôŸĵطûʲôһİĴһۣе㲻ʵͬʱҲɻʮһ
ŴԣʮһЦЦָ£˵ĹطˮþǿһΣƽȣ޶֮ƣ֮Ըߣɵֵסǿ磬ɽصѨľգó
͸׶ԣʮһﷺһ˿˿ĵ⣬ƺֱԼ𾴵ĳ࿴ĸоˬǺˬ
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ʵⶼǡھмصģᵽס벻νһһ¯㡣˾ǿһ档Ȼı֮·÷ˮֶԱ˺аϼáˮӣر÷ϡѺסˡˮƣסƸ
Ҳ˵ѨҪʶɽʶǸߡ
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ǲʵС磬ô찡Ǽҵػܽ𣿻᲻ʲôⰡ
һԵҲǲĿʮһ
ʮһ׺Ͷ嶼Լ±ӣĵĽ͵ϴȻȻķˮǼϡٵģοйŴʿѰҷˮأԣִȻķˮػϿ˵ûˣ
ʵ⵹ҲʮһΣʱһֱжھҲͨ˺ܶˮʦҲ˽⵽˺ܶϢˮȾ䱦ϵ壬Ȩµƽգݸ˭ҪأﻹжٴȻγɵķˮأ
ܶˮʦʿԼĹصķˮи죬ֻҪһϷˮصͨƣӽ谭ıˮ֣ȥﵽˮصҪ
ҲΪʲôԴԺ󣬺ܶĹصΧһЩŴĹ֮ڶһЩذ
ңˮڵλҲǺܺãˮҵϱλȥ溥λĸڷˮн׶ס󣬳սû䡣سףӣϣ˺һഫ
Ǹô죿ֱ˵ɣƹˣѾˣֱӶʮһ˵
ף壬Ƕ˸һıһˮƣ˵գʮһֶˣ֮ǰĸӣڴֵСհзλСҵ˵£ֻÿСдԼʮֵĳȡ
ʮһְաھеĽܣϸѡһǻ̳λãָλڳһһ׼ӣ


23 Ѩ
ܸıˮƣָűҵ£ֻ¶ɵС˵
ʮһЦЦ˸ӣûֱӻشֵʻߵСǰӻͳһȻõķ
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ſظӭѨۣĸհ˷ɢȻȥӺʮһһ߶˭Ҳһ߽̤ǲһµʱзҲֶ˹ǻ̳ϡ
ڡھУլĲǻסլլʮһõլЧõģоۼáֻйǻҵĹǻ̳˵ЩСˣ˭Լҵأķ˴ľԪҲֵõģ
ʮһеķڹǻ̳ºͻȻƽһ磬ɷĺǹ죬ףԤ
ӹɷ羹ȻΧŹǻ̳תһȦһȦһתȦʧӰ٣ûһ
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ʱ˫۾Ѿǵɵţۣͫг˲˼Լš
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ǡǡڴʱʮһԼ·ĹУȻԼǺѻ䣬ƣĳδ֪Ĺһһ㿿һ㡣
ŽĽӽҲƮһһŵḷ́˼άһ㣬ܲͣζ
ʱʮһûôţΪԤеģӹзˮֵĸĶαΪõʱ򣬶һЩ»Ұ졣
ʮһٴδӻͳ׼õķ˷Ȼһɫķ֮ͬǰɫľ˷ΪһЩͨĹ֣ȻʮһҲֻͼڵҲֻˡ
ʮһʳָָסұǰһЩֻöֻһ仰ö崫ˣʮһħҲ֮Ĺʦִ֮ʮأǰɱȡȻϲк֮£Ϊ಻Ը֮Ȱȥ˷ˮռݣȥ
ʮһһ仰£ұ͵ֱָ߿գз뿪ָȻ벻ǣûеҲûƮҡΥȻɰ㣬ܵӰ죬ƯڿУһ˿˿΢ɫ˲ĹƬУӵͨĵ׽ġ
ܵĹҲ֪ʮһ֮ǰ˵Ļ˿ɢ̹Ƕ߶е˾£оȻһ˿ӣʧһŵĺҲʧ
ٴιƽʮһҲǳĺһղŷʵЩΣգȻ׼ЩľսϾһЩ֮뽩ʬͬʬĹǼ򵥣ЩȴǱ仯ˣ׻˵ֻġ
С磬ղЩֵ̺Ľѵǹ𣿡ܹƽʳеɻ
ʮһתͷ־ɻĿʮһǿЦЦ˵˵ǹɣϾ˭Ҳûֳʲôӣڿѧ϶ԹֵĽǣһֲͬĶƯڿռеԵ粨
һºʮһ˵ʵ֮˵֮У֮㲻žûУһĹҲȥģ˵磬йֵ硣Һö࣬һĹּҲҪõģνˣ
ֶĵ˵ͷͻȻʵС磬й𣿶ҷαҵйǰҲ˺ܴı仯ҲǵǰЩȻ˵ЩϽڽģ
ô˵أڹ֮˵еģǺǺǣʮһʳָʶһ±ɬЦһ£ֻǻش˵һ⣬ڵڶҲֻܸЦˡ
ˣ磬ȻС˵Ͻڽ̵ģǾϽڽ̵ģʱسﻹҪʵƣҲˣС磬ڻҪʲôˮǲǻûнذ
ʮһͶȥһмٴһŷСǰٴ̤ǲдʣʦ֮λƣ


24 Ʒ
£зͻȻȼΪҽҽƮ䣬СɵмλãʹС๰֮ƣǳһ㡣
һ׵֮ʮһߵһС֮ǰվƣ͵ȥ
С磬СİһԹۿֶ˼ͬĺôҲû뵽ʮһȥɣǿֲֵµء
Ȼ벻ǣǵľУʮһƲûгκ⣬෴Сʮһ£ٶȥ
Ƕ˻ûӾлָʱûüϵȴٴھȶſ
ľУʮһתͷȥһĵЦݡ
С磬ˮôֹͣˣˮôأٶȾȳ
⵹ҲСС
ԭΪʮһ£ԭĺˮͻȻ侲ֹˣ·ʱ䱻ֹһ㣬˵ĸо졣
壬԰꣬滹أʮһЦһ£οƵ˵
ţʮһٴߵһǰȥΪҪȥʱʮһȴƽɰ˳һ룬ֶ˼°͵ϡ
䵽жʵǶ
ʮһûʲôĴѧȻһֻֽγһĳȣܲ˳Ծ
ʱֶʶĿһ۶ԷȻͬʱҡһͷ
ڻһְֻγһȻͬʱشҲԣ
Ƕ˾ȵʱʮһѾһǰ
ʮһٴνƷϣָʱֶѾľˡ
ٰһ𣿷Ѿйһˣٰһʲôģ
һǾΪԼ뷨еˣΪʮһǻָһϲ
ȷʵʮһɵγһ֮ǰ籾ǰ˵ķչġ
ǣɶѾһˣǻôأһһģ͵ŴɳĳҲԽԽ
ڶ˵°ٴҪϵʱСɶʮһ˳
ȻȲڴˣѾֹĺˮȻֿʼˣֻˮô֮ǰһأô෴أ
һڳһ̬ﰡ̫ˣʱѾǱһһľȸ̼Щˡ
˺ðΣֻͣü֮仹©һ˿˿֮顣ǹҫϲã
˵ƵҪֺһЩûͣЦȴǺܺõıڵ顣
֣壬ǨؾˣȽȵķǾͻȥɣ׺ͶűһԼʮһЩëǳѵ
ȥȥȻصˣǾͻȥɣӦܿ㽫·һһֻʮһɽȥ
˻ȥʱʱһһңٶȻҲͱʱ˺ܶࡣ
ص֮󣬶Ѿ׼˷˵ǻ
үվЦЦص鶼Ū𣿡
ˣŪˣЦǺǵĻһ䡣
ŪˣͽݳԷɣ˶Ѿˣ
ԷʱҲûˣֻĸˣԵĵǺ죬ʮһǣ׺Ͷ徹Ȼûٴѯ飬ҲֵȻҪôӦǵ⡣
ѣʮһֵˡ
ҡڵʮһҲû˼ȥЩΪղɽϰγһСɵʱоƺĳ忪ˡ
ʱþһ˿ȥγһСӦÿݽߵȻͻȻٴγӯ
ͬʱܸӦڵҪ֮ǰ˺ܶࡣ
׺Ͷɽ;УҲԺз顶ھе֪ͻˣͻƵʦ
ҲǴӽ쿪ʼһλƷʦˣ
ڵЩֿ϶ܵø죬Ͼʦÿһ׶ǲܴġ
οʦֻһ֣̤˶Ʒʦ磬Ҳʹʽѧϰˣ
ʱѧ˵ôԸôֻ»Ұ˵ֵҲᱻŵı
˵ʦʿϾҵרʿץģ
Ǿ͸Ӳˡ
ȣʮһȤľзƪ
˼壬֮󣬿ٶȼӿ죬ܵúܿķ䡣
ȻҲĿǰʮһΨһܹѧϰķ̫ˣڵΪҪѧϰڳ˵Σ
ÿδӡھѧϰ¶ʱʮһᾪµĲǿʶǿžһҲ


25 ˵еע
ԹʮһһȻȥˣϾҪĿģǨصѾ㶨ˡ
ֻʮһĶͶһֱߣһҪ졣
ûа취ʮһֻøһлȥ
߸׺ֱʮһڣһϵļҳòɣҪ̽ʮһĵϸκʮһʵ̫ƻˡ
Ͽ˵ǣÿ仰м٣ټ٣˵ԼΪԼ˵ˡ
ڣ˺ҹһ˿ǰ׵ʱֲǷŹʮһصϢȥ
ֻǣʮһĽŸҪ̤ʱȴֵĻŵſڵϡ
ץϢʱȥĽַһ£ǿϵжгϢϻֶٺú̸̸˵仰תԼķȥ
ֻתʱȴǸһ˿ЦݣСӣҾͲ˲ͣ
صеʮһûзֵļЦҲû̾ϴȥ˯İŲϺȶ˫һ΢ָ
ĴָָۣԶ
أʮһһ˿΢ӫۿɼٶȽʮһڡ
ʱ˿һᱻľ󾪵°͵ϣ˲ü
ֻʱơ
ԽԽӫʮһڵҲԽԽ࣬鳲㣬糣Ưӣڻص磬صĸ׵Ļһ㣬˸оһôȻʣ
Ŷ٩ôõĴɽֱڲлϸ鿴һԼڡ
ʮһͨӣԼԭۼĵطˣһ֮ࡣ
Ҳ˵ƷʦӵеҪһƷʦĶ
뵽㣬ʮһЩզࡣ
ͨƽʱС˵Ҳ֪ţĶԽ棬Խ
Ҳ˵µƷʦǺεȵ죬ֻǸƼˮԼһſƽİ׷ߣǿѾڵԼܹˡ
뵽ʮһвһ˿ģʮһһܹһҪĸã
һΪ֮ʮһЩż׽ħļܣʮһҲϸĿһ顣
û©һһ䣬ȵͨƪ֮ʮһյ˫ȻȻһ˿ϼʵа㣬â¶
ֻϼһţʮһ˫Ҳָһһжûзĸо
ɵ˻ǲǲ˻þ
ϼʮһٴα˫ϰ
ʮһУһİ·ȥģ⣬ȥȻ
һ飬飬ʮ飬ʮ飬ֱٱʱʮһſһһ
ʱʮһ濴ȥԭûʲô仯ϸȥͻ֣ᷢյü֮䣬͸һ˿죬һ˿㣬һ˿
ǵģǰİ
óƷʦϵģ˿ȴǳʮһϣ
ٴʮһ˫вϼֻȴ͸һ䡣
ֱзϵģڻһŷԭԼûпհ׵ķֽˣ
̧ͷɫִʱ̫Ѿǿ쵽ˣԭʱȥôãһգ۵ʱ䣬ʱѾٽˣ
ֲùŻ˵ɽʱˣ
ԼȻɽУָסɽʲôأ
һҹδ˯ʮһȻûиеһ˿ƣ룬оϳ
ʮһ֪ΪһԵʣ
ԽξԽ󣬵ȼƷʦѧϰ֮ʮһ֪Լһ볣˲һ·
˵ǰ뷨źȿͷô뷨ôˣ
ΪУǰ͵Ѿˡ
ƷʦѧϰһɲǣԺиֳһ֣֪ôֵģҲ֪Ϊʲô֣ÿʦУֻ
ǣͨھеļأ֪Ҫһģֱ𣡸
ֻҪ껹תͶ̥ȻĻǣ
һ̣ʮһг޾İգ޾ĺڣԼûбҵУû»ǲǾͲк´УҲͲûڵ
ֻǣжգڣ޲Ψһģǽˣǿ֮ıѾģ
ľһ𣬱ʮһ
־ǹ£
עһ¿ˣѣˣΪ뿪
һˣʮһԳЦһ䣬ԭӾǴ˵еעȥı򣡡


26 
˵ʮһٴâֱָʣ·һ˫۾ڿһ㣡
С簡ûԷˣʮһǻѪҪı֮ʱһԷĺ˼룬ʮһĶ
ʮһĶںѧżũչ˵ܵãûʲô̫ĻǶȴ飬Ƕʮһֶӡ
ˣͳʮһиеһ˿ů⣬漴ʲôƵģæӦһ
ʮһٶϴһ֮󣬱ܵӱ£ͶѾˣֻˣоΣôˣԷҪ˵ȡ
С簡˯ú𣿿ԣȥתתʮһ£Ӽ˿ڲ˳ԣȻʵ
㻹ҪСȥɽ҇Nɪȥ˼ҿƼҳһôĴѧСѵûһΣúһ£ȥװβȥƼǵӣŶúĴ
˵Ҳ⣬ҹϵͺǲϣټ֮ȷĹ飬ʹָǲˬɽң
壬ҴͻȥѧУǱ߻кܶҪأʮһǰΣæ˵
һߣԶͶ͸ӰȫȻ˭֪ǸùĹʲôʱӦ飡
ʮһҪߣֲˡ
ôôҪ߰㸸ߣߣȥΪίأַеľƱ˵
ǰôأٶ죡ߣʮһĶҲˣ
Ƽƣһֱ߲ˣֻð̾һҾٴ죬ľͱˣȻѧУǱߵæˣ
ʮһһֳΪѵı顣
ΪȷʵģֻǲΪѧУ飬ǸĹ֣
УǾͺߣʮһӦߣֺŶûһۣͬ˵
һ̣ʮһһĸо
緹󣬲ɱģʮһִȥתתˣ
һվȻɽĴ֧ɽңҲǸƼǼңƼرѵҺˣ
أֶݷˣո߽ɽҵԺţ־ͳſ³ɽ
ʮһȥֻһţۣȱӣзͷֻܿӣͷƵкһˣԼʮҡ
ʱϣҡֽȣǸ߸ͻĴֵĻͷҲûֻ̧ҡӵֶһ£˵㶼ûôûҸʲôܰ
㿴˲лôԻأҸղ˵ֶݷ𣿡ҲЦǺǵĻһ䣬˵ͬʱѾߵ˴£ԱߵһѵӸŵʮһԼһѵӣһƨɽԡ
龰֪ĻΪǶ꽻ֿأ˭Ҳ뵽ÿμضᳳܵͷ
Ҳ˵ˣֶӣֲӣʲô԰ڵģɽĶһ䣬ͬʱ۽ʮһ
ǺǣֶӣҰԸҵ׶ûʲôһɽеֽȱԼȫȻɽҪ˵ı飡
ɽǹལʱʮһעȴǲ棬ΪԴ̤Ժӣɽʼɽͷк˫壬ǱණϵԵʣ
ʮһԥҪҪ˵ʱſڴһũ帾ŮֻŮΪҴŷũ˵Ա¶
Ůһһ͸ɴȹ¶ɫСڡ
ⲻƴ峤ôʱҼ˰ϣ˸Сũ帾Ůսţ㿴Լʮһ
ɽȢСʮ꣬ɽСһ֣Ҳʮꡣ
ǺǣС磬ֿˣҲǲɵЩͷۣôôأ
ǧС˧ҪǲĻͽҽɣ˼һûϵҪĵزأʮһ˵ʱѾߵʮһǰְִֵĴȣôʮһǰ
ңҲ֪⻹⣬ߵʮһǰʱʮһһ£Ѹվʮһٴƻص˵ϣºˣʮһţվţھͲһײʮһϡ
ʮһĿֵĺɫ˿ߣ
ŮеϢʮһĳλûˣ


27 
ʮһæһĬľǿѹеŭǵģŭһҪȥսٻغϵŭ
ҿʮһӦʱǰ滹ţûбֺɽ֡
ҪǱǷˣҲͶˣ
ʮһи̣ȻнĶ
Ǻǣģһȥϴ裡Ҳ֪ʮһĴղŵΣʮһܸо˵⻰ʱ۾ĵģ
ŤˣʮһͻȻ类Ѩһ
ֱֿһŰʵ
ʮһεЦЦûκν͡
Ϊղ񣬲ΪɫΪһź
ȻɽźҪ
ʮһ֪ΪΣһ̽ĳ嶯ƺʲôںһ㣡
ʵʮһɽֵĺһֳƺǾ
һҪȥϣ֮һֱûȥͶ̥
Ҫ֪Ͷ̥ҲǺ鷳ģ֮󣬹κţͿתͶ̥ô򵥡
Ͼ쳯ôӴ˿ڻÿôˣΪ߼
ֻǣһ˺͹ǲͻģֻҪ㲻ȥǹ֣ǲģȻĳ⣡
뼰˴ʮһ˲ʵ壬иеʲô𣿻ðʲô֮𣿡
ôʲôʣСҪΪǨ˸أΪԼ˲ˣҺҵһжҲûðʲôνĹ֣ʮһʻɽһ㶣һĨţιȥ˵
ȻɽеһĨȻһţǱһֱעʮһˣ
ɽԸ˵ʮһҲûмʡ
֪ʮһıµģʣҲ˵ϼһ㲻ҪҧʶģС㣬ʹ˵С绹ܿҵӰһѣ㷢ʲô⣡
ֵĻʮһжɸоЦì̫ˣ˵ɽ˵˵Լ¶˵ˣ
ߣû⣬⣬ߣͣɽһ󣬾Ͷֶ˵ǶʮһֻǱǣѣ
̫ʶ̧ˣС磬ߣ϶ǻǲˣ˵ţ¾Ѿ׼뿪ˡ
ôô˰С˧粻һ𣿡˵䣬ѾǳˣǴ͸ıɴȹΨһͬľڵͷ֮ǰȽϣʪ˺ܶ࣬Կһһεˮ飬˳ŷ¡
ϽطȥҶˣͷϵɽԼȥϷǸСӣֱӺ
ûõҪͲɽǳ˵񣬾ֱߵʮһǰ溬ɫ˵ȴûɽһۡ
㣬ȸȥˣֽţǧҪҹûʲôǧҪߣмǣĹʮһҲǺΣֳŮӵķϣһСпмܵסģ
ǣʮһӻͳһݸҲһ׮°ɡ
˵ΪʲôֻɽǾֻʮһԼ֪ˡ
ðȻСֵܸģҾ£ģϴ֮⣬ҶţһһֱŶЦǺǵĽӹʮһķֽҲûһۣӱɴȹڴŰ֮䡣
ʮһһѳֲסѪҺ÷Ӧ죬ʱջĿ⣬ֻĿջˣԺȴŷ˶Ʋһһӡ
ʮһŤͷûٻͷŶ־߳ɽҡ
뿪ɽҺʮһָŶȥ˼ңֻʮһʼЩ㱡
صҳԹ̸ֱ֮ҪǸסˡ
Ǵ꣬Ǹһô֮ġ
ʮһʵмܲסˣһ쵱ɡ
壬ģɽϷҵľ飬ǱָˣԵʱҲŻɽԼһŷֽؼʱ̺ñסһ
֣˼ǱˣС磬Ʒ𣿲еĻǧȥǶǻʮһɺ뵽ľʮһİȫƼھôһ磬ǧܳʲô⡣
˵ˣҪҲԣֻǱϾֵѾôˣҲеѰ


28 
ʮһֵĻжһͿʲôˣ˰Σգ뵽ľİȫ
ģ֪еһ뷨֪ǻθ룡
İɣ壬ҿԶԸˣ׼һ£ȥɽһΣΪ˲ö嵣ģʮһĵı֤
ֶּôģҲûٶʣֻǶҪСģתԼȥˡ
ʮһ߽Լķ䣬غŴ⻭ʱܵһЩĴš
ʮһóԷʱж׼ķֽչϣȻһ䣬ˮϴ֡
ЩǱģֻһִͳڻʱרĳ̶ȡ
ΪԷһʮһȸԼһķԱľʼˮǷǳЧģ
һ׼׵֮ʮһʼȸ䡣
ϾӦ̤ʿ֮󣬵һϵĽ
δ֪ǳ˺Ϳ־壡
ʮһҲ⣡
֮ʮһڵѾտҲˣû취ֻͣеڻϥĬĬתھƪԼĻָ
ԼĪ˰ʱ֮ʮһԭտҲٴαĳӯʮһҲпھǸö
ָ֮ʮһٴɰһ
˷ڷʱ֣ոշǰ׵ʱʮһǳһڻԼҪķˣ
һϣô۰ָǿȵ£ʮһϲķԼڵƺ֮ǰȻϸ΢
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ʮһĸоԼʱӣʮһʼӿٶȡ
ʱʮһһ̰ʳˮӤһ㣬޽ƣգ
ʮһ֣ʱ嵤ȴڷһ־˵ı仯
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е곤һЩѾʼˣΪˣе΢һЩóֻգΧ㹻һţˣϾôĶ˭Ҿͼ˵ȥ棬ţ棡
θƳ͵˲䣬쳯ĳɽУһλ䣬ֳָˮۣͷϽڵòŮӣ·ǿԿԶеüͷÿ𣬵ǰ̫ˣҵһѾ˺þˣ
з·дż֮촽ɢУʹԭ˲ѻȸȫֹڵأһʱ·òŮӵĻֹͣνš
ӷı¶Σ±ضҪӰǺðӦ֮ˣӦٶգ쳯֮أһѾƵĲƵϺУ飬еţ
ʲôôоڣ˲ʧأѵҵǸ޵׶ҪʲôʱǸͷʱʮһһŬԱĿڵʧޣǷѽ⣡
ʵҲֲڵ̫ͼ벻֪ôʧģֱǼ򵥵Ĳˣ
ڣٹ˲֪֮󣬾ʮһʱ⴫һ󼱴ٵ
ˣ
С磬ϢûˣʮһĶ֣ʱ⼱ٵţ˵ţ˵ţ
ˣ壬ͳʲôˣĽʮһֹͣΪ
ȥˣɽˣ״ǹ죡ּʮһһĸ첲һ˵


29 ɽ֮
ʲôɽˣô죬ģôģֵĻʮһҲһԾһʳʣȴֻУ״ǹ仰
Ҳڸ߶Ƚ֮ʱɣסԼɻģľʱȴˣ
ǰɽҹȥɽ¹ѸĻˣ¹ѸˣǱŵģֻһˣһˣɽ״ˣҲܹ죡ĺһشʮһͻ⡣
ֵĽͺʮһɵסˣشϢеӴҪúõһ¡
ɽȥɽͳ¹ѸĻ᣿ôɧȥͱĻᣬⲻѧ
ѵȻŻǱ˵ĺãʲô߼
ò仰ص㰡Լʲôأ
صʲôˣŶˣصɽˣ¹Ѹˣɽĺܹ죬ˣ
ţһ¾ץ˶仰ص㣡
ֶ֪һ˲䣬Դô࣬һаԿÿһ̽ĳ嶯
Ƕ壬ȥһ°ɣʬģ˵䣬ʮһţȥһɽʬ壡
ԭɽʬϵʱ򣬴¹ѸںɽĿŷֵģ˵Ǻɽʵ㲻ɽֻǺܾǰĻĵأһһαøһЩѡ
˵ǰ˵ĵطЩָ˵ģʮһǲ֪ġ
˷ɽʬͷĳ¹Ѹ֮󣬱һɽʬŪɽļ
Ͼ׵ģܲĿʬҰ
ʮһֵɽ󣬸߽Ժ䣬ͷѾΧ˺ܶˣеǿֵģеûʲôģ
ÿһ£ֶӿרҵ׽ģÿÿ峤ټ֮ߣӲǴʮһ档
˵ʮһʬɹǨص£ߺ˵¸շãũÿһҲôط˭ҳ˵ʲô£òϰ죬ܴӵÿ䣬ʮˣղѧУĺͯ
˵СӰƴ峤ҽ˽ʬǨصģ
˵˾ƴ峤ֶӣƼǳ˸гϢĺˣ
ȻҲвԸʮһбģΪֻƼԴ޵ģ
ߣ˭֪ǸСб죬ֻһƤë
ǣҿǸٵģνĽʬǨضƼҶ׫ģΪֻ϶иıǮ
ŶЩǷǷǣֳʮһϵģûȥ磬Ǵֱȥ
ܷѽΪʲôûиɣʵҴֻϼһҳףϾһĶԹӦ쵽һͻȻôһֱԵˣܸо˵ʲôǲʮһı飬Ҳֻڵ˵һ䣡
ʮһûд𻰣޷ʱ飬Ϊֻ˲ᣬ˻ѣ˭˵壿
оŻ˵Ϥˣĵˣ
ȻǲǵˣֻǶľ֣
㣬ˣܸһƤ𪣬߱ӣ죬һֻƯβŮο
ûģôȥ͵ȵĻΪֵˣֻΪԼϧûյķŵӣüչɫ籩ǰһںںڵģ
ʮһ࣬ڲ߰ˣǱֻʴ̫ˣ
峤Сֵ˰ɣָʮһ󣬵ĴкҲûȥ٩ʮһˣ
ˣҾǴСʲôܰæģȻҺ˰뱲ӣ𣬸ðæĻҪæġСˮ֮ʲôģǲÿģûɽ˵ʱſ񣬺ò˵
ʮһĻ֪Լˣ¿˵ǵģʲôҪľ˵ڷˮ֮һԶһģ
Ŵ˻ʮһͷЦһ£˵Ǿˣŵʱ˵Ȼݣεȴ㣡ֻû뵽ȴô£
ֻ͵ȵˣһʲôᣬİɣСɣֽӹĵһͽ׸ʮһ
һºʮһһε˵ȥʬ壬˭ҵʬǿһ£
ٻȥɣˣãٻ˵һҲǾѧѧأָһߵŮʮһ
ô֪ʮһǾѧѧֻǿɰɾֿɺ޵Ķˣ


30 ʬ
߰ɣҴȥԺһʬ壡ٻվʮһЦһ£Ժȥ
ʮһ󣬿ǰһ˶װٻ޳ֱȣĳβ˶ԲʮһпҲ񰡣һôɧһôġ
ʮһԼ˽Ůöۣ˽ڽۡ
ҲǾѧѧĸϵİʷѧϵģһ֮ʮһҽܣ
ǺǣأҾˣҽѧϵģٻǸҽֻҶȴûʲôøУٻת촽Ц漴˵
ʵҲģΪʲôûкøأŶˣҽʮһƲʵƣʮ߰˾ʮʮһһһʮһһʳɻһ߽Լһ߸ţϣһǿԽܵģ˺ܿģ
ǺǣֺøЦŶԲǺãܺãΪҽΪ˸ϴѧＯѧѲż޸ģϲٻûʮһеåһº˵ȻҽܺãҲҽһǮϴѧҾǲϲҲ˵Ҳ
ҪԸĻʮһͺˣûо㲻ǾÿǷ㣬ԶɽûкøаɣΪΪ㣬Ϊɽĳ֣ʹûйϸõڵҪҳɽ࣡ʮһοٻ뷨ľûʲôԵģϾٻΪԼϴѧŰԼɽģɽôҲͲÿǷ
ллˣΪʲôС簡˵䣬ѾҪߵԺˣٻͷһʮһ˵󰡣ǲҪҽн㣬ҲҸܵչˣ
С磬ҽʮӦûԸҪˣʮһϰԵһ±ǣһĨΡ
ôԶʮأȻҴһ꣡ҾͽʮһɣˣˣǰǿڹײľˣײǽʱģٻССһ£ָǰĹײ˵
ʮһûٻԼĳƺ̧ͷȥӳһںľײģײĸǰţڹײĵϷʱһϵӣȿԱֿ꣬
㲻öһ˵Ҳɽ״ˣԼͿˣʮһٻ£ѣϾǸŮӣǲĺãԺʲôӰ
ʵϣ
ҲµģҺ˵ѧҽѧУʱܶģǻϹʿأٻһ˵˼˵Ǹʬ𣿽㿴̫ˣ
ٻĻʮһѾ֮ԱǶˣһ䣺ʬ嶼˭
ֻд峤ͼ̧ʬ˿˶ûпҽңٻһº󣬸ʮһһ޷Ĵ𰸣
֮˵޷⣬ΪʬΪʲô˶ûӦǶǲǿΪʲôأжأ
ʮһһԼԼһ׼
Ҳ˵㻹ûȷҪرһ𣿡ʮһٴγѵ
ʮһ÷ҪǲȿٻΪʮһǺˣһǰſڹײδϵһ룬ײпȥ
ʮһδüסֻһļ
һ̣ʮһΪԼĶĤˣ
űоһײĻǰͶߴ̶Ľʮһ֪ٻŵˣ
ʮһٻķ۱ο±£ңȥһ£
˵գʮһ׼ɿٻȥһν˵ʬŵٻ˵ҽѧϵӼвʬǸʲôӵģ
ֻٻȴץýģûҪɿ˼εʮһֻһһŲԭԼȴٻ˫ס˫ȡ
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ʮһΪ椴ѧԶҽѧǿĿ־壬ͲȤˣ
ٻһοʮһ̤ǰ̽ͷײ֮пȥ
ѾһٶԼǿ׼ǿʬһ˲䣬ŵòϣ˫Ȳ
һʬ尡ʬ֮ǰܵʲô˵ĥ


31 ʲôʲôԹ
ʮһ֪Ϊʲôǲñ˿ˣӦ𲻱ҪĿֻţ
Ҳ֪ٻԳѧҽӣΪڿĵһ֮󣬻ô־Ľ֮ΪλôĿ־壡
һ̣ʮһôϣԼΣ˵ԼǻԵģƫƫⲻΣҲǻԵģѵĿʵһĻ
̫׼ʮһ֤Լٻʧ̬˺ѾĿǰʮһļˣ
治ʮһСװˣʬ̫ôˣʮһﲻ̵ˣѾŻˣ
Уôô˵Ǹˣֱˣ
ʮһһ£Լľٴιƽͷٴǰȥۿеʬ塣
ڿһˣٴοʬʱһʮһûκɫϵ
ֻɽʬ帹λñƿһ󶴣Ǳ̵һ㣬ӵȫ棬ϣ˫۵λãѲ飬ֻʣڶѣ˵вʺͿ־壡
Щµģµɽʬûһ˿ѪеֻһƤ˵еƤͷ˵ӦǾˣ
˲ʬʬһֱĳֹ۾ƿѪĸо
ͻȻʮһ˫۶ʬۿ
ʮһ֣ڶۿȻһ˿˿ĺӿ룬ʮһһŶ˳ȥͬʱȵ޼ˣֻأͬ
һԵٻǿ־һĻˣֻƮһƺ̣Ǳʩ˶һ㣬ȻͣڿУȲɢȥҲƮߣȫΥȻɵİ
ʵٻ֪ǣƺ̲ʩ˶䣬ȷʵסˣסıʮһӳŶ䣡
ס֮ʮһûֹͣٴһŷֳֽʽָ״ڷϻһЩʲôֻʮһߺһ̫ϾΣ
ԭ˿ḻ́ͻȻٻҪʱȴǷƺ̾Ȼ۳һ״һ˫۴Ѫã

ڣٻлǺ˳ʮһֱ
֣Լ֮ǰһЩΧ۵Ĵ񣬿˹һĻҲŴͣˮҲûз
ʲôôôˣ
ðⶼ𣿡
һʱ۷׷ףֻǿֲͷ˫лڵѪǵٴ󣬻Ǻܺ£
кܶѾڽˣܳȥȴָͲܶ
ʮһǸоƺ°ˤϵĳҺڵϵ
η֣Ҳȥظתٶֻأ˼ãΪˣտСүʦү㣡ʮһдʵͬʱ׼ͷȥ
СʿƾҲң˵㣬Ҳκβҵģʦүû㣬ûǱ£ͱװ𣿡ͷЦţд
һ̣Χ۵ƺͷĳЦһмĿʮһˣ
ޣҪ㱾ˣСүҪʰ˿ܻҪѵʱ䣬ֻǸȡֵķҲҸСүСү첻㣬ôԵȥɽôԵʦʮһѾһķҲҸô浱Сүǲèһǵô˺Ů棬é޵ơ
µͬʱʮһһɫ׷һݣȻʳָ쵽ߣҧƣѪε׷ϣʱ׷ɢҫ۵̹⣬ҷϸ׵
ŵͷʮһӳʱû̫£ΪҲбһЩƷĹ
ǵ׷ʱͲôˣԭŵٴαƺҪƶһ㣡ֻʮһȻΪλĶ䣬ҲһͨķԶʱ֮Ƶ˵ģ
ʮһʳָ֮Ѫε׷׷ɢҫ۵ǿͷ׹ʱǳ׷ˣ
ͷʱͷʱðһ̣ǰһƬӵ̿Ͽָо
ۿŵιʳָѪ׷ԽԽһҪڷ֮ǰѳȥһĺҸʲôʲôԹҪնɱŹģ
׷ͷʱȴûôңûüһ£ͷʧޣûзκ·ʲôûзһ


32 շŮ
ңӾǣ׷ȻƮڿУֻɫ˺ܶѣ
˵ľ㵣ʮһƣһޣأ
˼Ҫɳһ㣬ֻԭƯڿеķ䣬ͻȻʮһƮȥ·ĳһ㣡
ǾȵǣǷȻûʮһС
˰ΣڻعȻ󾪣۷׷ףֻÿ˿ʮһı鶼ͬ
Ǵ඼ǳ˾ηͿ־壡
ʮһ磬ղҿǸֺѪΪʲôٻܵʮһǰʳеɻͬʱҲڳ˵ɻ
֪ΪΣͻȻٻֻڣʲôˣȻƺ˱仯ûз
ǰС磬͸˵һ°ɣҲǳʵ
ʮһûעٻƺϵı仯ٻЦһ£͵ǸҵѪΪְҵԭ򣬶ʳָ֮ѪǾѪ֮ڣѪҺۼһ㣬Ѫпа֮Ч
һº󣬼˵ȻǵľѪҲһЩаãֻǲҵľѪôǿѣ
ǸղǸʲôٴʳеɻ
Ǹרʳ˾ѪĹ֣ԳʱڣҪʱһ⣬ɽʮһ˵䣬ٴδֻεĶȴǷʵ
˻Ӧ֮ʣ׷ֱŶȥ
Сүڴˣ
׷һźƮٵڿ۳Σֻ۵״ҪһЩиͷһزϵĲ֡
йϸһֱնϵĸо
үҪҲûк˰˵ĹﾹȻǸŮ
ߣûкˣʳ˾Ѫ˵ûкˣȻô˵ʮһջ׷
ŷӦֳһſƱǸҪ͵Ĺ
ȫææʮһǱȥŹֶȻǴԼܳģʱŵ̱ϣǿֲŹȥʮһǱߵģ
ٻǿţֱ˫ֱסʮһ
ү죬ûкˣʳѪûйȣǵظһЩʳһЩûжκΣҸղǸһҿʼʱҲҪֹģֻĺ̨ӲҸͲǵģŮٴγͣ
ʮһԣϸ۲һɫֹŮ˵ûܵʲô˺һ
ðɣȻûк֮ģҿ컯ңгһΪԵʱ򣬻תֻأɲ֮࣡ʮһ˼һº˵
Բ֮࣬תֻأŮæĴӦ
˵עٴλΪһƺ̣ƮʮһУ
˼Ĺô׾ͱշˣЩŵĸо
С磬Ůڣû𣿡ֵĵʵ
ͬʱٻҲһǵĿ
ٻǵʮһһů漴뵽Լܳˣһ¿ֻÿЦһ£ûµģİɣзִģ
Σ˿ʮһ˵֮ǰܾηһЩĻôھǾ¸ˣϾϿһֻʳ˾ѪŮأ
˭£
˷׷ԸֽɢȥƬ֮󣬺ԺֻʣһЩæĺ֡ٻʮһˡ
֪СֵܼʱؾѧͻȻʵ
Ҵˣ㲻Ϊдһʵʮһֻʵش
ʮһ˵㲻ĶҲǷģȤľһҪ취㶮ûȤĲͲˣ
⣬ûȤʲôͻشʲô
ٻҲѧУ鷳Сֵ·϶չһ£ллˣһԼã֪Щʲô
㣬û˵Ҫȥһٶ㼸أٻڽĻЩ⣬Լû˵Ҫȥһ֪İ
˵ȥȥҾˣصһٻ㲻
ƾٻԼƣ
ãû⣬һᾡչõģģȻʲô˼ԼиԼտһʮһ˵ʲôҲʳԣ
ˣķʦҪҪֱӸˣʮһͻȻѾɸʬɽ漴˵
ˣϰףλҪͣģʱҸͿˣҡͷܾʲôƵģ˵ϣСֵܿɷһ£м仰Ҫ㽻һ£
ʮһΪǹٻ£ҲûжڴӦ
˸ɢȥʮһֻصС


33 Ҵ
ΪתҪˣ˵һļҳʲôƵģ˵С磬㸸ߵʱһ£㣡
ףʮһЦ̬˵壬˵ֻҪģһ
ֿʮһһӣЦһ£һʮһļ˵ɣţֻмϴĶ㽻㣬˶ٴҺ㸸Ҳֻ֪֪ܾԶˣӦǸŶ˿ڲּ˵һ֪ʲôʵκװŵģҲгŴ򿪣ȴ򲻿ѵֻ˵ںѧѪ߿
ʮһֵĻˣƼһдұһǲ֪ʲôģ˼ⶫרڵңֻܿ
ѧѪѧԼᣬѪԼҲǣϾͬڳ
Ҫôʮһ˰죬Ժʳôһ仰
Ҳֻ֪Լȥҡҡͷ
һһǼóȻ󽻸㣬ʹˣԵú֣ء
ȥȡɣʮһѾЩȲˣߴָϿȥȡ
ðɺðɣھ͸ҽȥɣȥȥסʮһĥӲݣȥݣƼҹλķ䡣
ũ弸ÿһһЩ飬й񣬵ȻλǱزٵģ˺ͺİ
ʮһݣڣ㿴䱱ǽ߷żŰ˹Ʒӣϻڷ˼֧¯¯ϲ˹㣡
¯ʢȺȼմң
͸ȼƮֱӶȥǽϹ˸λһⶼмص棡
λ飬мʮ֮࣬ʮһͷƤе㷢飡
ɣЩƼλҲֻмصģŻкܶûмصģʮһ˼䣬Ѿȼ߸㲢ҵݸʮһ
ʮһӹ֮˫ϥ¹ߵͷǰ¯ڣ
ڼȣʮһκηУҲе־壡
ЩλԺܾҪ㱣ˣˮѾͷһƼѪҺжλܽܵģƼֻֻôһ磡ʮһ˵
İɣ壡ʮһȻӦȴЩΣԼҲ뱣Щλǲ֪Լ᲻кˣ컯Ū˰
㣬Ǵ֮˵䣬ִ˹±ߵһȡһķܹӵĺӣʮһ
ӹӣʮһ۲һ£ֺ֪ʲôɣҳ˶иͼ֮⣬κװΣ
һ֮ʮһͻȻʵ壬ûиӵģ
ûиӣѵֻ˵Ǹ˳ˣȻд򿪵İ취֪ʮһôƵģֻشôΣ
Ǻðɣţȥúоһ£˵գ˱뿪ݣԻصԼķ䣡
ڣʮһҿ¿Ҳûҳôӣ
ʮһüչ˫ü֮ʱһ
ˣԵѪ
˭˭˵ηȻ˵ʮһŵһܵ˵ϣ˫ֳȭǰڳһⲫ̬
ˣңǰŻ£һֻаӰֳ
ʮһȥǸԼշŮ
Сүˣаǰɣ˵Ѫԣʮһ
ҼǽģҲȷѪǷԣֻźܶ汦ҪȵѪģƮŵԵúãٴδ
һ£˵ʲôʱܲô䣿ʮһͻȻھȷʵмأܶ汦ҪȵѪģ
ȫ۳ʱ˵ͿˣЩ˵˵ִһ˿Ρ
ɣȡȫΣʮһ˵껰ֱ˽ȥ
ʮһԥҧָָ⣬ѪںϷͼϣ
ʮһû뵽ǣѪ棬֮еķӦȴûг֣Ѫ֮˲ʧΣ·ιѪһ
ʮһˣʲôСүѪأǿιֵѪǿСүľѪ
ʮһߵҪŲʱȴԼѾԼˣŲѪһһεĻ䣡
СүҪɸʬĽడʲôұǸרѪĹﰡ


34 
Ļķ磬ԼյůʱһһĹȥתʮѾȥˡ
ʮһѾʼߣתڵľˣ
ѾģɣҳѾģ
ʮһѾƹˤˣ
ʮһʶʼģʮһ֪ԼҪɥڴˣֻǶǲˬ
ںë̩ɽʮһҪôˣȺëᣡ
̸˵ĪҴѪģ
ʮһвʰһּͷ
֮ǰֹһεİͼٴγֻ֣ȴܹʱת
̵۲ӿɫͨѪѪ˳ѪѪһӣ
ϴβͬǣһʮһԺĸܵԼڵԼڳֵİ̡
ʮһеǲ⣬ֻֻһӣ
Żɫ룬ӷ·ֹֹͣʳ
ʮһоڽĳֽƺǹ˭ƿصĻ⡣
ʮһĸһҵ壬ǶֻΪһΪѪεˣ
ε֮ǰƺ˺и˷ܵؽţһõǹĺͯһ㣡

ʮһʱѾҪˣЩصͷ˺һŷӦʲôæ鿴ԼڣֳΪѪЩ֮⣬û⡣
ǸνļҴ֮һ۷ֲ֪ȥˡ
ͲɣҲֻѪʮһĵĶף
ֻһӣסˣΪԼĲϲ֪ʱȻһö壡
ңöûмǹöϵͼȻһģһǺģʲô
ǣȵǣͼϾȻһССĻҵ㣡
ˣǰеĺɫѵ˵ʳҾѪľö壿˿ɫҲСҵң
öӦòʳѪ˰ɣӦǲˣһǲˣ
ʮһħһ㣬ԼοԼǴ飡
ʮһաھƪķԽԼһ˿֮УȻһƬܿտĿռ䡣
֮ԿտΪĺܴ󣬶Ҳĺܿտ
ӳʮһǣ滹һӵıʮһһ־°Ϣ
ʮһٲҲ֪һýֻǲ֪ΪΣýоһ˿ɷ
ǰУĸĴţִ˽ϵͼ˳ѵ£βλþȻһĿӣ
Ǵӽϵ̵ͼλϿȻƷˣ
֪ΪΣͼȷʵʮһһָо
һʮһĿⶨ˽ϣӵĴ֣һӣ
ָ˵ĸоΪƿ֮һ㣬ʢˣƵ˲ֱӣ
ʱˣоַ뽣ڶһ㣬ÿһ¶оһսûͷһ㣡
ʮһһֱĬľǸоܼѣ
ʮһǿԼֿȥΪӡھ˽⵽ĳЩ䱦˵Ѫ֮⣬Ҫ˻Ͽɲſԣ
ʮһľҪñϿɣ
ڸо۾ѾҪϹϾҪʱǹƽôĹӣ

ӴĴ֣ȴʮһᵽʲôʵ
һֶôοڡ
ڱ֮ǰҪжǿӵжʵ
ʮһֻ׷ˣΪоʵϵĲ࣬ǹǿİٴκȻ
һվĶ壬
˳壬ʮһһгһڹӵıڵǰѾý
ֱֳ˸滮ָһѪڽϣһ˿⣬ʮһظоĻã
һ΢ٴηڣϾ磬ҪǴһڱǾ̫зˣ
ʮһһֱԼǸ͵ˣôôȥأ
һ̵ʮһȻ廹Ǻȴһ˿ķâΪõһѾýûиô˼
öһô򵥣ֻôһڱѣ
ϾǺ˵ѪϾͿ϶ǸƷ
ʮһôοԼ˸ߴ˲ϣ
һɫʮһ̤ţȥԼˣ


35 
ŲЩ鸡һ·ײײһǰ
ڸոˣʬ廹ͣںԺԺȻкܶĵƣԵеɭ
ٻŮֺ£㻨Ǯ˼顣
ĳЩطũǿԵģûֵܽúŮĻ
˵ҲɣɽһûһŮҲûκһֵܽã
ʮһֱߵǰ׼ȥʱȴԼˣ
ԭٻڷ͸ʮһĵš
ʮһ磬ˣɣڵأٻĵʮһ뷿ڣ
ٻԼĳƺʮһЩʲôʱԼˣòǰûйأ
ò˵ǸƷ֮ǰôһζû
֪ٻ֪Լô磬ǻȴһֱû⵽ʲô룡
ƻĳ嶯ɣ
ڣֻһڣũеĻϰڷһСϰ˼С˺ƿ׾ƣ
СֵˣɣٻȥϢɣʮһüоȻһ˿ߡ
ٻĻתݡ
ʮһȻܲ«ʲôҩǼһԭ
ʮһԭʲôþͶˣȥɣ
Ķ֮ʮһû˿ļһڲ˾ͳ
ʵ̫ˣ̫Ѫˣ鰡
ͣСֵǶˣȱưɣԣҭţʮһĳ࣬ЦƱ˱Ʒŵǰ
Цˣ˵ķ̫ʵ̫ˣ֪ʲô£ʮһгһ鼦ᣬƱһڹüͷԲĿģк˵
ȲȶԵ㣬ȵƣԱˣ˵ʮһ˿㣬ֵ˱ƵͬʱԼҲƱһھƣϸһĨҺ죡
ʮһȾƺ̬ˣۺ˫糺죬һһ˿ߵĿԼ
ڹﰡѵ̫˧ˣԽ빴ңһˣʱ̫˧Ҳﰡ
˼ŵһºʮһϽջĿ⣬ٿȥˣ밡
ʮһȫ˲˺;ϣ·ǰӵĲ˺㴼һ㣡
С˧磬ʵȻѾʮˣҲһŮˣǣһμʱҵȻӿˣֻ֮ǲܵģҲٻкøУٴκһ֮󣬻˵ţ
ȿȣ
Ļʮһ׼ȥһھֱ˳ɲɵǰͰ͸ɴȹʪ˵ԵʣԵôĿпޡ
㲻ؾȣֻǰҵ뷨˵һ£ٻҪ뿪ˣӦңúչٻǸĺӣʹ㲻ϲһȥҲǺõģûʮһǾȵҲûǰľˮԹԵ˵š
ʮһڷĲԣǿϿȥɫҺ죬۴ɫ۽Ǵһ⣬ҪһһĽ࣡
һ澵ӣʮһ΢Ųһӣ͸ӿеԼɵסˣ
Ϊ֣еԼȻʱ˿̵һ״̬ԤʾҲҪһһ
׼취ƽ֮ʱͻȻûȣͷʼкܿʣ
ҿ񶼱ˣһͷǶһֻС
ʱҪķѾˣֻǵԼȥɴȹһ㽿߲ƴţһֻԽƽԭʪأ
еţһ˫ֱ׾Ľ⿪ƤѽҸͶ𣬼Ӳģ
һ˷ţϵؽҩѾɢȥ˻ǲԸͣ£Ů˵ʮһھ˵һεĶ֮ԽսԽ£νս
һԼʮһȻѻƺӾ̣һǧȴȻִ˲ƣԼСʮĴк
һҹ˱˴ˣݣһУ
ֻԭʼıܣ

ھһ񣬿ɸĴս󣬶˳˯ȥ
˯ȻԸ룬˴û뿪Է壬ȻӴ
ʮһҹķ񣬲ЩЩ֪룡
ǴŮӣЩԼΪûܿסһΪԼ˹ϵ˺ô죿
ϾԼǹ£ȻԼĵһΣȴԼĵһΣ


36 Сӣ
֪ǣȷʵĵһΣȻѺɽ꣬ɽȴǸµˣ
ôֻ֮з֮ȴûз֮ʵ
ɣ·ɣٻҪˣʮһھʱȴѾ緹߽˵
ֻ·ƺǹ죬ÿһ˼һ㣬ƺǣĳ˿ڣ
ϡʮһֹ֪οڣ
ϰɣֻǺȶ˾ƶѣչٻͺˣȻЦţֻʮһãرƯʤ֮ǰ
һḺεģʮһ˲ûд·һס屧ڻᶨ˵
ܵʮһǿҵϢٴθһĨߺ죬ߵĴһ¼ͦģ˵·Ҳ㸺ֻҪչ˺ٻͺˣҲ͵һõͺˣ
Сʮһһ£ʮһεЦЦȻۣΪϵļͦǱزٵģ
ʮһûٶ˵ֻȴԼ˵һҪǿչ˺ԼĵһŮˣǷԸ⣬Լչ˺ԼСӣ
ҴʮһЦĿԷַŵԼ·
ǲ֪ߣеĻȣǰåһǰۣ
ٻĽʮһٴνǰŮѹ¡
ٴ·󣬶˸ոʰ׵㿴ٻ˻ԭѾͷѾȥ˳лˣ
ʱٻʹΪʮһ˯
Ҳֻ˵ʮһȶˣϢһȻɻ󣬵ڶԽһֱΣٻҲûжʡ
ֻ֪ǣ֮ǰѾʮһñӸǵĺʵԷǳ¶
²Լ֪ǳκԭ
ʮһ磬ˣҸĽƲ裡ڵʮһٻԵúǿģֶʮһһƲ裡
ӹ֮ʮһ򿪴һںȥũ峬ĽƲЧܺȥ
񾭴ٻûзʮһͽ֮ϵ΢
ϯʮһżзݲˣȴżһۣ͵͵һԼã˼˵̫ˣСٻˣ
ʮһ磬Էܿҽһֱʮһв˵ٻڷ˶ߣ
ֻһķʣȴŵʧ룬ƤȳǽʮһջɧĿ⣬ԼСӣ˵ûʲôֻǷֽƯ˭ҪȢţһҸ
ǰȻǸԽ㲻ѾˣҽֲϲҪϽҸ˼޳ȥٻһĵӣ
ˣԺҲٻ𣿡ʮһ⻰Ȼ˵ٻģȴǴһĪЦ⿴
åֻܱʾΣ˭Լϲһء
漴뵽Ҫˣδһ˿ʧ䣡
ʧҲȻˣⲻԼ뵽𣬼Ȼ֪˺αأԼʼĲܰԼĿѾﵽˣ͸ðõŮȥչˣ˵Լٻ
۴䣬òѧʶȸ涼ܰ䣬ûһкøУ
Ȼ԰ҺܿʮһôأʮһԸԼٻٻǿĶൽˣСֻнôһˣֶһɵÿĵ˫ֹסʮһĲӣҡθͣ
úúãٻԿͣҡȥҵĲӾҪˣʮһִһԼǰζͣΣ漴뵽ԼСӣӰ첻ã˳һٻı
Ȼһӹһ۾һԭ˫ԣˣ
ֻҪٻþˣûָǹһҲԸģ
ʮһ磬̫ˣԺҪչҺͽŮӣҺͽҲһ㵱׵ܵܺ׸һ̵ģɿ˫ֵٻԺ˷ܵ˵ţдϲȥ
׵ܵܣ׸磡ʮһһ߻Цţһߵͷһ±ߡ
ǿʮһ˼һ죬ҹԼֹ׹ǸСܵܣţߵ̧ͷ
˭Ƭ̧֮ͷ˵ȻҲʮһһģ
˵գٻע⣬ݺݵصһʮһͬʱſСȻҧȥ
ʮһо±һʶĺ˫ȡ
ЦǰϣһԵٻԺ
˵ЦʮһȻضң׼кȻѧУˣ
Լʱ䣬ٻһʱ֮ȥ˴һȥ


37 뿪
صңֶԺУһߺŲˮһߵ
׼𣿡ʮһָҲ˱裡
׼ͶͻѧУˣʮһڶĶвЩ
һ裬ʲôû˵Щ졣
ʮһ׼ʱȴȷˡ
С磬ƼҵĶ磬Һ㸸ײ׼ĸ棬⼸ҲˣĽעǾʣ˿ڲּ˵ϲʲôŮҲܣֻҪϲͺãֻҪǵƼҵĸƼ˵ʲô󸻴֮ңҲԼ壬ҲǸӣҺҲû㣡
ԭ嶼֪ˣĻʮһһɽ֪ˣ֪ʲô
ʮһʳڣԥһվûʡ
һ̣ʳ⣬ҲͲᷢ飬һжòһ
Ȼһʮһ֪
壬İɣһƼҶģƼĶˣ
ģҪ˼ңͣһ£дһĨĪЦ⣬ʮһǷë
ʮһ׼ٴδƱʱȴѾ˻⣡
λѧУȥһˮѾͷҴ绰˵ȥѧУҹȥˣѾҵˣ
ת˻⣬ᵽˮʮһǣһĨҸЦݡ
ѾͷȻܵԼѧУҹȥˣ˵϶ΪԼȥģ
֪Ķ壬һˮĵַŷҰɣˣѾͷôֱӸأʮһЦŴӦɻĿ֡
Ѿͷ˵ҪϲҲҪ㣬ʱǧҪ˵ҸģҪ˵ģֽЦţﻹһ˿ֻ
ңˮͰƳƣ룡СһֱӴ绰ˮĶֱΧΧȹŲ˵ʹ˳
ԭڸʮһУ
ѽϽȥȥǺС翪Цּæִ߶Ͼʵ̫ںˣ
ŶתʱǾеĲ˵Ȼһ£һ״֣
Ҳһʶʱˮͻ֮ǰ˵Ļش֪Ž˷ڣֵʮһ˵ֻһ˵һ߲סĶǸţ·ַǸֵĺٴγһ㣡
飬ʮһеҸĲ
õģ壡
ʮһв̣Լſ֮󣬾ֶӣڿƼҶأôԴ
ٸ캣ص٩˰СʱĴɽŶñ㽫һĲ˶˵˷ϡ
ǴŹǣըＹ㣬һˣŲ˵ʮһĶӲ
治ǳԻʵʳջ̫ˣ
ʮһжԼ˵
Сӣ˼ҺڣóһƿѾõę́ЦǺǵĴȤʮһ
ʮһ˭ȭɽԺ߱׶԰±ǺƵվȵү˭Ⱥȶࣿ
ϵĶˣСĹҲ˳ɼҵˣȫûŶȻЦţȴд˰⣡
жϹķ֮Ҳжֶӵĳ谮
˸տʼһֶһϸļҳźžͿʼһ䣬һ䣬˵˵žȻ˵˳¹Ѹķϡ
˵Ǹ¹ѸԼԺߵ˺ɽߵ֮󿴼ɽӣűŷģ˵⻰ʱͷЩӲˣ
Ŷ˵ģǿǱǣʲôͲֻǰˣŷôˣʮһ첻Ľ͵
ֺֻŶò֪ǣ˵Ѿ첻ļһû
ʮһԼҲ˵ΪʲôȲˣأȻǾè塣
ҲΪСүҲͬڳˣ˴͵ǹˣ
ʮһʮֳƨţ
ֻΪʲôҪѳ¹Ѹأ᲻ԻأʮһĽͣʳ
ΪʲôҪԻ¹ѸҰɽĵطҲ²ӦΪֻǰͳ¹ѸһЩԹɣҲǳ¹ѸǵֻֻıʮһĵĽš
ͣһº󣬼˵ֻӦò㺦˵ģϾûʲôͬȥ˵ģ
˵䣬ִӻ˼ŷֽŶãΪѾЩ־ˣ


38 ͬ
㽫ֽ֣ҲԼҪˣ
⼸ŷţǱаҶһһţ۳ΣЯţûµĻǧҪժһº󣬼˵ɫլķϣԴﵽаħլã
Ŷÿķֽʮһ˵أȴ֮ǰϲʮһ˿ȴЩֹӡ
ôˣС磬ŷֽأǸ˭ģʲôõģŶüʮһЩ㱣㿪ʵ
ŷ鷳Ҹ㣬ҲЯţ˵Ҹģʮһеε˵
ǺǣҶ˵ˣİɣٻ֮ǰҺúչģŶôһ˿Ц⿴ʮһ
ǸǼȾƣεʮһ˳תƻ⣬ٱԺ˵

ʮһȵĶӶѾҪ˵ʱ򣬶ڴٻഺ
ʮһ磬ˣǿˣ
һ̣ٻʮһ˵紺İһ㣬һ裬һů
ΪٲߣӻᱻƣᱻĿɱ
壬ҾˣʱںͰְǻʮһվкſȥܱ߻֣
⺢㣬һ㣡ŶԺ֣׼׷ȥ̫أʮһ̫ܵˡ
ֻƮʮһĻ
ˣݰݣ
ʮһ磬ôʲôһ°ܳȥжٶ׺ٻ
ͷһֶۣû׷ʮһһתź滺׷ٻʵû𣿡
ûа˵ʮһչҾͿˣٻһ׷ϣһ߻شʮһ⣬ܶǰͦɽһһģεʮһЩۻ
û뵽СҲô
ʲôҵ𣿡ʮһ׷š
Ҳûаٻܵ˽ǰ˼˵
ٺú룬ôشҲи˵أʮһЩģʲô˵
һ仰Ŷٻͷ롣
ʲôңٻ˵УʮһЦˣȲĴߴţҾ˵ûлҵ
˵ʮһʵĻ͸ǰɣúչٻǲˣԭĸʮһٻǲʵʮһ磬⻰ʲô˼ֻ˵ԺȻᶮΪʲôأ
ȻãȷʵʮһشԼٻ̧ȥȴִʱʮһЩ˫ʹ࣬вᣬһ
ʮһ磬ʮһ磬ôˣҡʮһĸ첲ºʮһǴӻоѹ
û£߰ɣ
ɽȥѧڵľУҪ˸СʱУȻʮ߸Сʱĳ;𳵲ܵУ
·֮󣬵ԼĪʮӣһȥеϳ֮λ֮ʮһ㲻
벻ͨΪʲôҪԼ⣬ΪʲôٻԼһ仰أ
ǰɣôأСүĵһΰ
Һúչٻʲô˼СӣҵȻúչˣ
ԽȥʮһԽǷ꣡
ұ۾ĬĬתľȶ
֪˶ãʮһои忿Լϣ۾ȥٻСѾͷԼļ˯ˡ
Ľëģ˯ЦСˮˮ۵ģֱֻ۽رԼҸ첲ʹǰűѹˣ
ֱϴʮһûвκ
һԼСӣôԶԼСӲаأ
ڶٻˮС󣬾͸ԼһԼȥĸԼòаأ
һ̣ʮһٻСӣҲã
谮Ľٻͷǰ˳ؿŴһľɫ
Ҫʹ˸Сʱĳ;һ㶼;Ҹͣһ£ÿϲԵģ
ֵͨطҲУɹÿͳԷĵطֻǼ۸ԱĹһЩ
һ·Ǻܿ죬ʮһٻϴŵĶһֻԼϣһŷ֣滺;ƣۣ⽹飡
òпһ£СѾͷƷζʮһͣ
ܿ쳵ӷ˾ͣ˳
ˣȫ³ɣ֮ǰǲڿŵˣͣһСʱԷĳԷȥȥ䣡ʮ֮׼ʱϣ


39 
˾˵仰֮󣬱˳վڳλõÿȫȥ֮󣬺ðѳϣ
ٻһ£ӵˣһԼ˯ٻ
طô찡Ժٻ˯ۣãĿʮһ
ûأмϢһСʱӲڿأҪ³ȥʮһĵĸ˯ԺСѾͷš
Ŷ֪ģʱмͣȥɣҪȥٻֱվʮһ׼³
ιôĿߣҪ˸ովʹһֵ
˻عһ̣ŹͷֱһֱһֻϻĶʮҵӣȥͲǸˣһ˵ĸо
ʮһ˵ٻʮһ˫ֱһ¡
ߣǰߵĿ£ô·ߺһǰš
ôװöû³˸׼ͷһ䡣
ǣб뺷ʱȫѡá
ʮһһĻ̾˿̫ˡ
ʮһ磬ҪǸͷòãо׵ģٻϸ΢
ûбٻסһĸ첲˵İɣңҾͲʰοһܻܲŻصϻһأ
ʲô˼ʮһ磿˵䣬ҲѾ˳һտĵط
ҿǼһͷƣɫ࣬ϼɢƣƲƵĽ࣡Ҫһ㣬ոһȫƣ㿴Ų鸡ɫ֮иǼһ˿԰ף˵ֻǿиɣõģǵңһоܴſʮһһָŲԶĹͷУһ߸ٻš
ٻƶǶĵ˵ͷ˳ʮһָ⿴ȥֺǺܶأͷ·ȣһһεģ
ٻΪʮһеԺʱȴֺ񱻹ͷзԼڿæתͷʮһı
£ѾˣСʮһһٻĶͷ˵
ߣҲŲأǺŮжѽҶӺʹҪȥȥòãٻͷ˸תһְֻԼСǶǡ
˵ʲôȥǶ಻ðʮһȻ˵Ųãϵȴǳʵ뷨
ޣɫǣˣֻҵſڣȻҵİңٻıһʮһתֱŮȥ
ſٻʮһУתֻ߽ת˲䣬ȴƮƮƮһ仰
ʮһ磬ղŵЦݺҪеԼŶ
ʮһһڷң
ԼղŵЦĺܲ𣿲ӦðʮһһԼգô˧ӣ仹ȥҰ
ԣСѾͷһǾԼ̫˧ˣǺĹһˡ
һˡ
һҪסҵСӰ
ʮһ˼ֿʼ˲ű߼ʵε
ϹҸ濴һʮһ˼Ұְεʱһֵ˹ͷ
ʮһѭȥһŮɣųȹҪж̵̣Կɫ˿˿ˡ
ŮĴҲǱ©һV¶˴ѩס
ѪǣŮòûд֣Ϊʮһ񿴼ͻĵ㡣
Сү˾ҪΪȫһ츣˰
ȻһԸеŮɣ˫ȴǿһֻʵ˵ĸ첲ϡ
˳Ÿ첲ȥʮһоаˡ
ôһôͱһ̣أ
ֱֻֻ۵ˣͷͷϡһȥĹмڷ࣬ȫһ𡣲ϻһָϸĻƽ±˲֪ǮƵģ
ŸиСĶӣŶԣ˫̥Ķӣ
ӦǾ仰ðײ˶ˣ
һʻţϣǻһţ࣡
úúã򣡡һеİóһſŮӣʮһӲԶڰ򿪵˲䣬ĿԪ󳮡
Χܶ˶ˣҲʮһͬǱԸŮġоͰУ
˿ԸŮɲźߣԲƨһ·עĿУ߽̳С
ջĿ⣬࿴һۣĬ¶һǶЦݣ
ֻʮһȴеǲ⣬Ϊͨ࿴һ磬ͲһǮˣ
̶ۣͷǣĿ⣬һ֪һթ֮ˣ


40 ƭ
˶鷸ƣ͵ƭ֮ˣ
ǿղͶŮӵ̬ȣȴǸ֮ˡ
ôأԼǶƷʦ˵ߣҲڿ
˼䣬֮ǰȥԸŮȴٴγˣһγɹڳʿĿ⣡
űͣضܶ˵ҲڸŶ
ԸŮͣˣǵҲֹͣ˷ٳһĻһಡģ
Ϲ̳Ȼˢô찡ԸŮɽĵٴǻڹϼǶһ½ţԼеĲ
ڳ˴඼ΪŮӽεεĶŶ©ͣһģû취Ů̫ôˣ
ʮһȴǷŮȻҴźԸУǴϿĽüˮĴ۾֮»ӥǣԲһݽŮ˲Ŷԡ
ʮһŮӵü俴һ˿ǳӦʲô鷳µӣ
Ǯ⻹ֽ𣬹𣿡һǮȡ֮ǰҿëүүԸŮϡ
Ҫأ⻹أ
ô찡
ҸǮѽһ£֮໹λһ㣬ŻԸѿϽģһԱһֱΧ۵ʮҵ˵
ǰϹ㿴ҸȽ㣬һ໹һ㣡ԸŮҲ˵
һתһȦɤ˵λѣŮԪֽ˭ʱһ£ºԸ⻹򣡡
Χ۵գۼ׬һǮܶѾʼˣֻƭ̫ˣҳЯôֽĻ治Ǻܶ࣡
ûԸһǮ
ƭӣԸһȥºȷǣȻȥȡǮһһ˵
ʱ䣬Ķ˸ˣȻԶԴлɵҲУ
ϧûôֽ𣬲Ȼҿ϶ǣϾһת۾Ϳ׬һ鰡׬ǮѰ֮ǰ˵λʮҵĴү̾Ϣһһ㣬ֻ˵㣡
ʮһ磬ʲôأǲڶǸ꾫ٻѾߵʮһһļ˵
ֻôһӴأ
꣬ҹһҪкϷˣʮһתͷʳָǰһĶ
ߣڿŮúƵģٻһǰһиš
˵䣬Ⱥ߳һһȥ
עĿȥ֮ǰǸſĵС
ȷһỹǰɣɵߵһԸŮǰ
ľͺˣֵܣҵƬҵϵ绰ԼλôƭأһǮóһƬݸС
󶼻Ի鱦Ͷ޹˾³СƬϳ˵绰֮Ϣ
ԭ³֮ǰ˵ʮ˲
ȫɻôôţ
³֪ǺպԻ鱦Ͷ޹˾³˵ʲʮأ˿ãӣҽ
ллʢޣССֶѣǺǣһ˵Ŀ佱ЦǺǵĻӦţƶһѾϰΪˣ
ڣװװôмʮڣñֽϷػŪأ
ʮһв̣ȴǲɫ
ԺлᣬһҪΰĵЦĶҪˣѾˣ
˵˵
ֵܣ㿼ǵôˣﲻˢֲֽҲ˽Ǯʵû˽ĻҾͰֱѹǰɣһ˵䣬˸첲ϵһ
ȻʶǸоǿֱͺܹӡ
ҽǣһȥɣ˵ľˣ˵̳ȥһԸŮҲֱתں棬̳ȥ
ֻǺ滹һβͣǸر࣬رûˣ׼ֻˣ
ԭصˣĽģмʵģ޸еģ
Ӧ
ʮһֻ˵˵
Ϊʲôô˵Ӧ˭ٻʮһͻȻð仰Ƿѽ⡣
ǸеıӦûˣʮһҡͷ˵
һµģֻ֮ǰеװ棬ûѵ
ͷÿǮ˵ҲɣٻеͬӣƺڹʮһΪʲôûһ¡
ٻСΪ̫Ŀ̫࣬ıҡ


41 ׹
ԣڵпܱƭеǲģ
ҪңЩ˲ܵѵǲ᳤ģٻ񿴵úǲڵʮһһ֮˫ֲ嶵һ˼״
ʵʮһǲ˼ٻĿӣ
Լʮң˱㿴һ˳һװǾĺӡ
βסϲã֮ǰĽʵ˸Ӻˣ
гʮһһٻεҡҡͷŵȥ
ֵܣһȥǼأнǰĴĵ˵
нŵĿһʮһ˼ҪҪһ㣬Ƭ̺˵Ǽ˵ȥȡǮңţ
ǽ͵ȣ±ƭʮһеЩЦɵ
УΪɵûУװľǰǮңٰǣбӵĿһʮһָָеĺӣ
ûᵶеıӣʮһЦǺǵĶһֱ
˭һͬôһֱſо﷢ëοһȡӡ
ιôңҲģôңСҴ㰡ɫĺͬʱǾԼ׳ĸ첲ʾԵĸʮһ
ˣûӦǽܾˣͻȻõͷţں鸡˵һʮԳŶ𣿡ʮһڰ֣гм˵
лջؾȭͷкǾȣСô֪ԼĽ̫ãͻȻõͷţƣ͹ȵأ
ЩֻǴɲµĶѡ
ãǾ͵Ǵɣ˵㱻ƭǼǺϻթƭģеĺӶǿյģٵ˵˰
ʮһΧŵ˵
ſڴƻƣۿǸ˿ŵУôƭأѵǻƤӵʹթҷֲɣйЦʲôܺЦЦһ㡣
ֻЦмһ˿ǺͲ
ϾȫҰҪǱƭˣô찡
ת뵽ЩȫֻСӵһ֮ʣڿһüĿģüͦǻûƭԼİ
ϰ೤˵ǰһﲻǻ˰
һ̣оȻΪʮһͬУ
ʮһȻ֪˿̵еôḻʣֻܰһѣΪӲ֮ǰҲԭġ
ȴ򿪺ӿǷУٿһǷģ
԰Сӣȴ򿪿һ£
ǰ⣬һһСһ㻹Ǻõģ
һˣǼ˻˿ˣǺܲã

̸ʱ䣬ΧѾвΧ˹һһķԼĿ
ͬȴ򿪿һµģ´֮εģ
һʱ֮˵硣òʣ
ʮһû˵Լ˵ĶѾ˵ˣţԼҲûа취Լ˵ǣһᣬҲ׷ǼƭӺͳƱˣ
һԥеĺӣʱʮһһ
ûƭ
Ҳ˵Ǽٵأ˭ⶫһ°ɣ
ѾĵΧȺ浶뵽˸ֿܣ
ҾԶһ㣬ŵù𣿡ʮһŵ˵
û˵ʲôֱӰʮһ˼ԣΧһƬȻǮôһİˡ
治֪ˣ̫ɵ
ڵеľٶʮһҲ⣬ǰ󷴲̫ˣ֪ǷĻںأ
ӹʮһϸ۲ͨ徧͸ۿһ˿־ÿ֮ϵҲ
ֻǵһۿȥȫǻʵƷǮҲǺܹ󣡱Ͼ쳯Ǯ˴ֻģԵģ
ǣʮһͨھмƪļأȷʵһٵģֻǷƵĺѡ
Ӧǽ׹ɣʮһ̧ͷһǰֵĵС
ʮһԼһ£óһֽƬʮһȴŷƱ
ۣǱ׹˵ܹģ
ǰϴ̳опӵģ
ѾΧȺڷ˾ǵһ
ʮһûдЩˣ򵶰С
֪׹Ϊʲôֵ𣿡
Իҡҡͷ֪ЩҪ˵ôɱˣ˵ַܶһǲظģ
ΪʲôĪ֪
԰ΪʲôҪ֪Ļ˵һ¸Ǵһ
Χ۵


42 ܼ
׹֮Խ֣Ϊ׹һɫ˿ߣ˿߲ǺγɵģΪ򻷾ȶ෽ԭ򣬴Ȼɵġʺӣʱƣıɫ˿߻ԽԽأ񶼻ɱɫʮһһܣ渵
öǺãȻôĶû˵
ۣʮһ磬òѧŰ̫˧ˣٻ˸߲ҵ˵ֻ۾Ҫˣ
ٻĳݣʮһ֪ܵȻˡ
û취˧ô磡
ٻҪ͵Ȼĺ˧
ۣŻ
֪ôΧȻŻµ
Χ˲ƵĿ⣬ʮһʵֹͣװ棬˵ǿŵ׹иûбɫ˿ߣԣ׹һһƷһҪ˵һ߷Ʒ
ʮһĽ˵Χ˺ϵſ죬ʾĵľȣ
ʮһÿ仰˵еɫҲԽԽѿֱѾĿԵˮ
ƾʲô˵İʱǻиҲ𣿶ǸӲóƬ˵鱦޹˾³𣿡
վɵ
Ϊ̸е飬Ǹ˺ԸһģֻǽȦףӼȻƭӣȻ³ҲǼٵˣǳʶòãһλ¶ʿɣʮһеô򵥵⻹Ҫͣ治֪ôģ
˵öԣǼٵأ
֮ǰɵ˲ı
ֻǰ֪ĸǣŲǵ£ƨ£ʮһ˫ۻǰٴǸеĴ磡
ɷö׹ҿһ£
һӣɽװ߻˳
ѾʮһĻֻһʱ֮仹Щ֪룬Ҫ׹ȻľͽǸˡ
߽ӹ׹֮󣬴ǰڴһֻϻ۾ϡ
߹ۿ׹ͬʱʮһҲڿߣȻ͸ߵˡ
ֻֿܣݡھмصģʮһ뵽пܵһ㣬ҲǸʦҵȼҪԼߣ
뵽ʮһ˸Īɫʡ
ԴӳΪʦһֱûͬУȻֵεĲ㡣
߱ԼΪʦĵһʦһҪץסλúһ£
һִķˮԼѧصǷг롣
λСֵ˵Ĳ٣ȷʵǼٵģ߿֮󣬽ٴλУ赭д˵
ʮһЦǺǵĿԼʧңңȭɷϸ̸һ£
ǺǣСֵܿˣ̸֪ʲôҲд⣡Ҳûκμӵģʮһһ
֪λôƺʮһʣ˺ΧȺʮһ˳
Ǻǣܼң
̶̵ļ֣ȴ͸©Ϊܼ֮˵Ժ
ܼң֮һܼң
Χ֪һƬȻ巽Ӵ磬Ǿ綼кǿ
ʮһȻ֪⾩ҺνܼǺЩ˵ıԺӣӦǸţĴڣ
Щʮһ˵ҪţĴڣҲûκιϵ
Сֵܣ֪ôƺܣӵԸһϣ۲ҲӦǸʦɶԣ
ߵһߣȿʵ
Ϲ۽𾦣Сʮһȷʵһʦʮһʵش𣬶ԥһ£ʵðһ£ǼƷʦСһЩˮҪ̣
ǺǣֻһƷʦҹСѣСѡʮ˵ԼƷʦϣ˵ʮһʱͻȻ˵
ϣϣϣôˣСʲôԵ𣿡סϣʮһŽлϵ˼
ŶûʲôֻǷСѵʺ֪СѽӴˮ֮ˣʲôƷˣϺܺõԼΡ
ŲʮһԼղסΪʮһʦȼأ
ʮһСС;ܴﵽƷʦľ磬ôƷʦڣҲĴˣ
ǲʮһѡѡǾֻΨһһֿˣĳֿΪϢı
λĳλ˳ĸͽˣ
ʵСӸսӴˮ֮ʱ䣡
ʮһĻشϸӿ϶ԼĲ²ˣսӴ࣬ܲԼΪһ˿ϢΪı


43 Ϸ
֪ʮһһ¼˵ڻԵɺϣСӸոƷʦ磡ϼЦˣ
࣬Ʒʦ
ôҼЦˣ
ҿôȡЦң
ǺǣСѹ֮ŰؽضΪ䶯ǵĴиһº뵽һܰһ˱ɶƷʦⱳҪǿʲôزʵ˼ļλ֮⣬Ҳֻ峤ͼλϲ֮ȼˣ
뵽˴˽ύ֮ģˣǶԼһϵڼ֮еĵλžصĵλпܾԼһĻᣡ
ʮһ֪Լ򵥵ļ仰ô뷨֪뷨ֻἫװˣ
ֻϻǵ͹ʮһ֮˵ʮһ˵һʦµĸˣǼСϿԱģ
Ȼ֪ʹҲԸţҿ»Ϊܲ˴̼һغʵģ
һֱַ̽ˮʦֱҪûٻʮһԻϼ̽ĸСʱԽۣԽľ
˵ʼֻǱ£̬ʮһ̽һ£ʱţֵ̽ǳϷԼȻϽ⿪Լõ⡣
˵пǸ˽ڵģǣֻӴһҵķˮ֮ͿԽЩڻͨò˵һˮţ
˵ֻжƷʦȻСβΪǸĪĸˣΪǰ꾪˵츳
־˵츳ǼǼţҲضðɣ
ٴοĳ;ϣٻȻʮһĸ첲ͷļϣͬû˯óֻ˸Ƶ
ЩʮһǺܲðװ棬ҪäǼǲס˭˭ֻ֪ô޵ǣȴǣ
ʮһϲǣͳصĵһϲĵӰ޼
Ӱոտʼ
ʮһĿŵӰȻѿ飬ȴܰĿȥ
һԭƵٻʮһôڿӰҲͣʮһ
ֵӰٻǲϲģϲսĿഺӰֻβ֪ΪҲӰ
ºԼҲҲԭҲΪ˲һ˰ɣ
ʮһ磬ʺòҰԲģô˧ΪʲôҪأҲ˵ģȴûлᣡءӰƬ֮ٻˮĴ۾ʮһ˵ԼⲿӰƬĸܣ
ʵҸ˾ãǳʻǶԼ·Ҫߣÿ˵·ԼѡģûʲôҲҶԣһҪ˵ֻ˵ǱģһһҪԻָݣһһΰѺĿƣһľ죡ʮһһۿҪ˵ٻЦ˵ԼⲿӰƬĿ
ʮ˿Ӱʮֲͬ뷨ÿ˶Լ뷨ÿ˶ԼҪߵ·ҪɵʹӦ
ϷϷ
øӣٻգգ۾˵
ʮһٻֵǣʮһһٻԸѾòô÷ǳʮһȻ˴ʶǺܾã
ͲҪˣƵȥɣ˯һᣬСʱ͵ˣ
ٻʮһĻ󣬱Ƶȥˡ
ʮһ״ЦѾͷԸԼЩ񰡣ѵС
˾ļʻ£ƽȵʻڹ·ϣѾһƬˣ
ͨƱ֮󣬹һСʱҾȥеĻˣˣѾûˣԶֻƱ
ʮһνʮСʱĻ𳵣Ͳںֻٻܲˣȴٻֳ;𳵵ӲΪ̫ˣؽĸѾȥ̫鷳ˣ
ٻô£˿ûںܶŮӵĽʮһеϲԼС̫ˣ
Сʱʱܿȥˣ˳ȡԼվȥеĻվվܽеĻʮӱԵ
ɵǣȥվ·ǸߵĵУ
ǣô˵ʱллˣ׷ʮһ˵
ֵܿˣ𣿡ʮһʾⲻô
ˣɳ˵Ϣͻϵҵģˣȥģȥҹģ̾˿˵


44 
Ȼֵ֪طûãʮһΥĵ˵˾ͺãźܿͻнģҺҲȥģ
̫ˣ522ţأк֮ǰſȫˡ
ι˰֮ǰôңϤ֮ٻĹĵĵŵУ
ǺǣҽиУأкεת˻⡣
ֺֻûгӵʱ䣬ʮһٻЦЦǰϣЦôţ
̣ߣߵǮ˸ƭˣٻȡЦţƺ֮ǰ˼ŵòҴ˵ӡ
ٻȡЦвûһ˿˺ʹ࣬һ˿ʧ
ȻֵһǱʮһע⵽ˣʮһ֪Ǯڸ˵ӦǺҪģϿҲֻЩǮˣ㻹УҲܶ࣡
ԼͲĸУʮһҲ̾簡
˸ݳ棬ҪˣʮһȴŰѷǮˡ
ʮһиܴë˿ԽѣǾֻҪԭ⣬һж˵˲佻ѣʹţ棬Ҳһ£
ͨһģָûκĻ˿Խύԭ
˳վ󣬵һ㿪ʼƱˣп˵ҪϳȥʮһһסˣʾⲻüҲλģ
ҵԼĳ˻𳵺˱㿪ʼѰλ˵ҲԵȻţ22ŵ24ţʮһе̫ˣ
ٻҵλ˷ܵĽеأ
һ֮ٻ㳯23ϵ˵ǵλ
λˣ˶λռ23ŵĴ磬ȴţһɣʲôǵλãҸһٿǮˣ˵žȻӿڴͳһźƱӣţϡ
ٻȲ˵Ʊ۾ٶֻ࣬ʮһСʱĳ̣һֱվžͻҪˡ
˵ûǮϿ˵ụ̂ƱȴÿζλģδվƱϾʮСʱһֱվţ˭ܵˣ˵һСˣ
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ʱʮһ͸Ѿ˹ǹСٻ㿪ʵ
ʮһ磬ǵλ˲뿪ٻҵ˿ɽ㣬ץסʮһĸ첲˵
˿һеģ̧ͷһۣ׳ʵʮһʱвһ˿м
ɱ˵ҿǸһٿǮҪλģ˵Ҫ۵ģ
Ǻǣ˵ҪǵģһҪ۵ģֻǲ֪㸶𲻣ʮһǰһ뻹ЦǺǵı飬һͺ
ʮһȻ㲻׳ʵȴܽʵοһЩ񶷼ɣҪǡھеĲɱƪһֱϰ
Ŵǰ֪ߵغװ淸ֻҪһУ
ʮһ׼ʱһȥſ
ʮһ磬ôˣǲ۸ٻˣ
ԭǸзź˹ÿʮһ׼쭣ٻһίӡ
һߺ˺ܶ˵ע⣬ֻһȫ⣬Ĵͷƶ˹
֮ǰʮһǲмһ˵ˣڿ֮ɫҲЩƺҪ룡
ʮһ״еЦôֽӲôأ
У۸ٻˣٻίĶҪˣʮһ֮ǰ״̬ٴλָЦǺǵӡ
۸ٻãˣվһܣҪӮ˾ͷߣҪ˾ʹӵǸһԼٻ۸ˣСƢĻƵס˲ܵԱߣһ̤ԱߵλϣŭĿԲɣ
ŵһΧ۵˶һ£̫ôˣ
һ⣬ϵ̺ϵ˭
Ҳ۸۸Сı£Ҫ֪Ǹһ׳϶Ѿųˣ
Ը񵥴˳Թ󣬾ֱٻã˵ԼǰҲôһá
˵ĿٻǷǳģȻͷ׹ԼǺִͷҲͬˣ
λСֵܣҲ֪ǵλҾ뿪Ѿŵ˵е㲻ˣվֶʮһٻһλԲˣ۲ʶ̩ɽǧҪȥԲˣ
һ֮󣬱վŸ˵в뿪ĲҰ


45 ۱
ΪƱˣϳ֮ǡʮһ˵λϣǡٻѾͷһٿǮռλ˭֪ǵôɷļһﰡ
֪ĻԼͣվţЩˣ
ٻã㿴ĵǸҪǲеĻµǸȫû壬ǿѾ˵ٻ˵
ٻеǲ˼飬֮ǰԼʮһôŵˣټ֮ô˲أ
ԼǸӸе˼飬ֱеʻǴл
Ҫˣٻ˵ţ۾ȴǿʮһʮһʮһͷ󣬱˵߰ɣ
ˣ߰ɣٻԭˣдһӣǴȵӡ
лллл
˼Լˣæתߣɲٴһˣ
Ǹ߳岽壬㱻еסˡ
һ£
ʲôѾǸˣǿ˵ֻǲס˫ȴǳ
ǮɣߣһָϵźƱӣ˵
ҪܣҪԼǮ֮ڨЦˣһٿ͵λˣ
߾ߣҪϻòǮ̣вͷ˵
״ֻÿٻȥëүүȻתȥ뿪ᣡ
ȫʮһû˵һ仰ͨһĹ۲һ¸У
ʮһԼûп
º󣬻ûñˣҲζʮ߸Сʱĳ̿ʼˣȻ⻹Ҫ𳵲£
ΪչٻŮ濿λãӦٻҪʮһмλãȴ˿λã
Դˣûһ㲻ãʮһ˸߲ҵ٩
캣ص٩˰֮˵Լϡ
̸ͨʮһ˽⵽гбҵͽ˲ӣĸʱԸϣȥӳΪһӺҲҲкܶһһ˹µ
ڲӴ˰꣬ۺ󣬻˼磬ֻǮЯǮȫ˼·ϣ
СʱΪȥˣһãҲΪʱһֶ뿪
Ըһ¶ˣϳ˸һսֵܣ¾ûһˣٻã
ҲһֱûбȾ׸ȾԣеԻǱȽϵûʲôļƣֻжԴû棡
Ҳ˵û棬һԶᱻıģǾһУ
ÿʵ뷨ɣһ˰ϱ
Ҹлʮһ͸©һ㣬Ǿսֲӵģÿ˶
˭֪ĵ˵ʱһֱʮһϵٻȴͻȻ˵и磬ǵĻ𣿡
ԭѾͷһֱ͵
ʵȫЩֵܸҵģ˵̫նˣҪԼһЩŲ˸ǣ뻹Ǳƭˣ˵̫ˣ
ٻĻ󣬺ǲ˼˵
ˣ̫ڰˣǶթģʮһʵ߸У
ǿһ˵ģԲûʮһִˣ֪θ룬ҲֻﰵɣϾ֮ǰڣż͵͵Ϳ֪
ǰʮһ˵ģ̫ˣĴٻҲο
ˣ㵽Ժô찡ǮѾûˣһºٻͻȻʵ
Ҳ֪ˣ֮ǰҸطסȻٿҸ߱ڵĹϾҳһ͸񶷼֮⣬ʲôᣡҡҡͷһĨײԱ
ƺǾԼһǴ
Ļٻ֪ʲôû˵
ʮһһԱС
ҵר㲢ʲôᣬҪںܶձҵĴѧǿ֪ܶǱҵ͵ʧҵԴĻǿϣûԴֻܿԼһ·ƴǴ඼ǱˡǱܶ񶷼ɣӵǿǣƣ㻹Եڣأϴѧһץһѣҹѣ
ֹУһԲ֪ʲôٻʮһĻˡ
ʮһ˵Ļʵд𣿶ٴѧҵֱʧҵ
ʵʮһ֮˵ⷬʵΪűҵֱʧҵĲҿһ·ߣȥԼδǸʲô⾰


46 
˼˺ܾ֮ʮһ˵ֵܣûʲô¿ĻȸҸɰɣҴ㿪̽Ҫ֣ǰֻܱ֤ҵĳԺȣڹʵ⣬ʵòǮҿԱ֤Ǯһ᲻㣬ʱҳʲôͳʲôȫͬ㿼һ£ǿ
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ʮһʼϲģȻøпܻӦû뵽Ӧôʹ죡
ʮһжͬʱָоϵĵһ֡
ôĸԼɣԼʧһҪһҵ
õģֵܣֻҪʮһԵģԵģ˵һһг˼ᶨ
ѽܲˣ䰡۾ҪϹˣȻȴǡǡ˳ƻգ
һԵٻգźĴ۾ԳԵЦ
ðûȼյ˾Ҫг徢м飡ȫûи㶮ٻе壡ĵ˵š
ͣ
ţиôȣÿͰٻܲŮʮһһˮ
ڸеĴԣʮһҲִֻǺʺ
ֻǶٻԸתȴǺܲ⣬ǵøռʱѾͷİôڱô޳أ
ǼԼ첲ϰӣʱʱĦҪʱʱľĬһľʮһܻԼ᲻߻ħ
ʮһתͷһٻװ˵ٻǸŮҪ֣ҵĸ첲¼޲ȥ𣿡
ѵʮһ緳˼𣿡һ˵ţٻһգǺƻ˵Ĵ۾㣡
ðɣӮˣٻĴ۾һʮһ֪Լˣֻε˵
ʮһ𣿡ʮһıٻûĹЦ
ٻզˣôûղ˵ʲôпŶ˺ǲʵ
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Ժȫ˯ˣʮһһããĵطܳ˻ɫʮһֵĿռвͣܶ
ҵǮôˣ
ҵǮҲأ
ҵôҲˣѵ˵һǰڵѽ
ξвܶʮһͻȻ˳۾һΡ
λҪ·ҪСү
һԵĸȴµĿųֵǼˡ
ʲôˣʮһʵ
ʮһ󣬸תͷãĿʮһ
Ҳ֪Ǳ߳־ˣǼǮˣ
㻹ô棿Ϊ֪أʮһЩ˵
ˣͿ£ٺ٣ԸеĴȣʮһǳˡ
һ˺þ֮Ǳԭˡ
ԭǼһģҹ˾ʹ˸ȴǮȫˣ˯֮ǰڵģˡ
ʵ֤֮ǰеĲ²Ȼˡ
ʮһҲֻܶԶǮǼ˱ʾͬ飬Լע⣬ֵܹ˭
ʮһǼ˵࣬Ҳʲô󸻴ֻ֮ǶϲװˣװʱǮ©˵ˣ
ֻƬ֮ʮһüͷȻ΢Ϊ֣ڻкü˾ȻҲƲ֮ѵǸ֮ڡ
ʮһ󵨵Ĳ²֮󣬲ҲЩ
汻ԼˣҪôǴҪôǵϸ
ʮһվһȦÿ˵࣬Ƿʲô֣
ֻǺܿϧǣվΪٻѾͷļ˯ҿƺʲôΣοʮһ볳СѾͷ
ҲֻʱעһˣĻǸҹ
ھ㷢ԼҲץʮһ˸Уװ˯ʱעƲ֮Ǽˣ˷ǰĻץסǸˣ
飬лǺϲġ
ʮһ䣬бǼ˱۾װ˯ֳڴսıֱʹ۾ҲܷΧķˮݶ


47 ʵ
ôרҵʮһ̾ǱȻҵר
ʮһҲ۾װ˯ʵڼΪһļʮһԼøΧҲԽԽԶˣ
˫۵ĿӾ뾹ȻҲԶһ㣡
ⲻò˵Ƕľϲ
ʱһһţԭֵĳٴιƽ֮ǰǮǼҲ֪ȥˣȥ˾ﱨ˰ɣ
ʮһ˫ۣԼŵԷֹһ˯ˣǸٴγɹҲ
ԼֹһСʱʱָѾ賿ĵ㣬賿ʱΣѾĳЩ˵ĺ
ͻȻһ·Ӧ𽺵ЬףЬ·ᣬҴҲ㣡
ڻ˹Ǻ£ֻڴ˿ʮһĶȴˣ
ֻΪ·߼ͣһ£ƺڹ۲ʲô
·ᣬڿŲһ㣬˵ǲ볳ѱˣûҪΪ⳵˯ŵģܶ඼ô׵
˵߿˯СһСѾͷ֮ǰôֶû
ʮһĶŽŲȥܹ죬Ӱд˷Ķһ㣬˳һ
ʮһ˼ĦһǰС
أĸоǸͣǼƲ֮˸
оߵĸлûʲôʮһΪԼǸеҿСүȼ֮ԼԿţ
Ǹͱȵĸָ
ʮһ͵͵۾۾ȥ
˲䣬ʮһסˣԼһ˽ŲǿȥʱȴˣһŮ
ⲻѧԼôأ˵ĽŲôһأ
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ⲻѧ
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ֻԳԽصٶ˲嵽ǰ˻ûӦ֮ǰһȭһƤµ˶ϡ
ǼҲǵ֮˲䷴ӦͰŮӻһɨȣʮһһһҪǱ˿϶Ҫſ°û뵽Ůô
һ˶Ĵ󺺣Ҳһȭ˸С
ԭٴƤ֮󣬸еĶûκͣ٣ֱٶȻȭ˶󺺣
˵ʱʱ죬˵ȭͷ˲һֱ۾һʾ˵ĸ첲˫˫Ѿʣ
ȸĶŮӵȱѾͷʮһΪһȱ֮ʱȴ͵̧һֻٴӲӲӭȥ
˾ǲһŮӵ˶ȥһֻȹڵϣ¶ĺ飡
۸ȻҲȴȻȻֻֻͦŮײһۣԵĿϸ΢Ĳ˵ղһ£ҲܣϾǲִӭ
Ȼʱս˫ȴǸͬûнһĶֻ۾һգգĶŶԷ䱸ŶԷ
ŮӺ˶󺺵У˲˼飬ǰ̫ǿˣȻһȭǵͬ飬Լ˶ԺУڲ֮أ
Լ˵ʵǻǺŵģԼ˶ԿģοղͬϮ֮ԼҲһˣ˵ֻһУ
ʱеĸǳ˾Ⱥͽңҿʱ˼˵ɱϢӴȣĻ롣
ԼǾĥǲлǶԵУٸսԿģ
⼸ϻܵ־еĹϣֻǿǵӲԼ֪쳯ӵı
⼸˵սǸ˶󺺣ǸŮӣԼӲޱȣȴǱŮӵɨڻΪʹĲ
ҶԷȾȻûжϣȻһºǲִ٣ȴҲѾô˰˷ֵǰδģ
˭Ҳû˵Ҳûκζ
һȻֻǷڵʯ֮䣬ȴǴ̼֮˵ǴⲫӲӲĶԺ䣡


48 
ʵʮһҪȥæС
Ȼսܸߣʮһ£Ϊսһ
¸£
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Ȼȥ֮ǰٻطƽϣ
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ĿŮǾһŮɥʧһȵսԼӦǿʰģ
ȻŮ֮ǰһɨȺţֻܵϥڵϣ
ϣһֻȴ㹻ˣ˵ŮӰһʮһǳ˲м
ԼһŮıˣ仹ǸɥʧսŮӣʮһСƢ˲ͱˣ
ȻӲǿǿǸ8ŮҲ͸ٻѾͷѣңСүŭģ
磬ԼУɵ㣡ʮһҪԼԸǸŮӣһº󣬼æȰ


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ǲ˽ҵʵˣҷַӾʮһǲˬ˸ָУ
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ҵ׷ǸǸʮŮȻȥ׺һ㣡
ʮһһ߾һȴȣôսôأֻôûأ
뵽˴ʮһݺݵıһ¸УôûŮأ
һ񣬾͸еһɾȥˡ
ʮһҧѾģƴˣ
û˼ģʮһ˫ͬʱƳʹ
ǡھеһƷжȥԼϵ
˵ʱǿԽԼϵȫʩߣ
Ҳһ֮䣬ʮһȫע˫֮ϣͬʱתľ
ʮһûٴζ㿪Ǹ˫ԼŮ¶һ˿˷ܣһ˿Ѫ
ߺߣο㻹Уȥʱ䣬ֱһ㣡
Ȼߵʮһ˫ʱȴûӡǹѵᵽһ޻һ㣬ģû˿㣡
һλˣʱȴҲסˣʮһû뵽Լʹƾͳɹˡ
ھȶͬʱסˣɻһۣǴӶԷ￴˲˼飡
ͣס֪ǣڵӣʵЩŮ̧ȣз˫ס˫Ǻڶӣ
Ǻǣ
ʮһ֪ЩʲôȻ޳ܵЦ
ŮʲôְԼĴûôΣպʮһȻֽ
֪ҵ𣿡Ů֮ǰͻȻЦӯӯĵ


49 Ϸˣı
޺ŮͻȻЦӯӯʮһҲɧЦһ£˵ǰǰŮ㿴ôеԣ
Ůֱһǰļһ˵˵ʲô֣ȻԼȣȻ
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ȥ
µͬʱıֱ˸лߣ
ûջرʮһŵȣֱӽһǸΪĿȣ
ıǰһѾֻԼˣһһУ
ʵһҲȷʵˣֻеĻʮһ˫֣
ȻղŰ࣬޻һ㣡
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ȻʵˣҾʹ󷢴ȱĸ㣡ҪˣСүʮһʮһƣʮʮһʮôһĸӦ֪ˣ
ʮһǷӣıƴ
һ̫ɶˣȻˣԼ͵ɣڹ
Ǿ仰Լ˵ģȻԼϣ㻹ȴ󱯣ү
ıѾһֿڣ
Ǻ֣ıҧгݵĵʮһĿɱˣʮһѾĲˣ
Ĺǳʵʮһ֪ܵЦš
ʮһô޳ܣıõİ취ǲһתͷȥǱڽսĶˣֻϣ漣Ṇ̀ȻٹԼһѵǰ
ıڷʮһﲻһҪһֱȥԼҪ߶
ֻȻˣʮһԾɲ̫ɣ˭֪С椻᲻ǹԼɣóû͵ϮԼ
ʮһȻҲڿǱߵĴ򶷣ȴûзɶԼĽ䱸ıҲֻΣ
к˵սӿʼôļң˾Ѫڣ
ʱгϵĳ˾ҲѾǿֱĳҲԥҪҪǰ
Ͼսе˿ȥɶǺǵΪһô㹤˵ԼͲˣ
ϵļ˾࿴һۣĬѡûǰ
һ䵱˹ڣ
ʱȻĶȴտʼʱƲֻͬԺ䣡
Ǹнֻƾ˵ǿأ
飡
һ죬ʮһıͬʱг
ͬǣıǵĵļУʮһǽк
ԭس©һȭ˸ǿĹԣһ˿Ѫ
ˣٴȥҲû˼ˣЩ䣡
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50 㲻
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ڳ˶ڹעߣʮһߵԣı˵̸̸
ıҲϰ߱ô˹ע˼һº󣬵ͷͬ⣡
ʮһСı5һ֮ǰʮһ˵λϣı˺ʮһ˻˸λã
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Ͱɽ˿ȴŬıЦһǴϴˣ
һֱıߣҲȻıϴ
ǵһγʱֻΪĿڿ֮ǰһ˹֣ıǽһˣĥһһҹ


51 ƺ¥
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˶ҵļһе
Ķ˾Ǹе£Ӵ˶֪һϵ˭ҪŮˣ̫ôˣ
ȷʵѵҪ˵󲻳ɣⲻðɣ˴˵ѻģ㿴ԱСѾͷҲǲʮһ棬ָһԱ첲ٻ
ʮһº˶ɵɵĿ֪ǲԲƬԶˣ
ѵ֪仰ֶһ˵ĳ
ԭѾı˿ҲǴˣһһԲУ㷸ŸһԲнϾ
ԭֺǺŵٻȴǸû뵽ͻȻԼϣʮһΪʲôҪô˵أ
ѵҳֻ㲻
ԼСŮкö׷ߵģ
ʮһ磬һ˵𣿡ٻ̧ͷã˫һգգʮһ
ûаû˵ôٻãʮһϼ˵꼱æͷתһߣȴǲȥٻ۾ԼĿڣ
˷ѽʮһ˵İɣʶԵ֣еˣСһ£
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ֻǲ֪ǣʱȥƽ·ʲô¶ûʮһѷˣ
ԲƬԶˣǾ˼֮󣬲Ž˵ģ
ݲ쵶ն飡ȻӦ˽Ҫչٻչк֣ܶһҪŮ˽飡
ΪͻȻԼʮһҲôͻȻַٻ롣
һ·ٻı仯ʮһѲֻһֱû˵ѣ֪Ҫ˵ȻǸϻϣʹٻܵ˺ⲻϣģ
Խıʱֱ˵Լ뷨Ȼٻܲƽ뵽õĽˣ
ΪƽĵʮһֻĬĬľֱڶ飬Žƽ
ֻƬ֮ʮһٴΪٻĳıİο
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ϾҲֻܿסѣһһСıһȭ߱һţǾͷˣ
ӣΪǸڣʱҸ˧ģԱĺã˧ıһ߰οٻһʮһжˬˣ
ı㣬㲻Ҫô˵ʮһ磬϶鲻òô˵ҵģһͺˣٻſǻʮһУ
ʮһĵĳһԼô˵ɵѾͷΪԼ˵ô˵أ
ȥ̣ҪȥԼʮһ仰㾶ȥ
˱ʮһͻĻĪһʱ֮еûӦ
ȴǸȷӦٵȥ˵ʵָ鷽һ㶼
ԵʮһȥʱһӦ˹ȥ
ͰɽӦҲȥ͸·磬ȴǱıֹˣ
ı㣬ȥɣˣһĴˣٻȰ
ðɣȻٻȥǾȥɣıһˣ˵
˸мĿһٻʮһʧķ׷ȥٶ֮쿴˳ڻѵˣ׷վȴûһȥ鿴
ΪǿӰ˭

ɣ磡һ˶ԳŶʮǮƺ¥ʮһһ̵ݹȥ
лҵķβʺ̣Ǻǣʺң˺öˣʮһЦŽӹе̺һۣóԼѾ˵̺УǸлУ
ʮһĻ󣬸ЦЦ˵ʵҲ鲻ֻ̣óװһ¶ѣ
žȻǸЦĴӿڴһкɽܵĵһһڣ
ǰ󷴲֮󣬿ʮһһû³ʽӣ
ֻöŸһĴָ˼ţ
˵𣿡һ֮ʮһԼһָеݹȥһ̵ϣ
ҽ֮ǰ࿴һŮ죬֮뿴ҲûÿˣԣҶԸϵһ㶼㣬ôһԭ򣡡һڣ³


52 ˵̸
ʶãΪʲô˵ңУʮһı飡
ΪҰ㵱ѣǿΪ˶Էһеѣ˼һ£иĴ𰸣
кԥĸĴ𰸣ʮһҲ᲻ţڿһ֮Ĵ𰸣ʮһѡţ
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ΪΪֵܣʹΣ֮䲻ǻ˸ԸţƿԼνעͬ˵۾֮иǱһž⣬һֳȴ֮ţ
ƿԼã˵úãظһʮһ˫г˼ᶨĸǰδеı
һʦµĸˣװԼ˽ˣҲ죡ҪԵ˶ùˣҾͱʮһк뵽
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ЩΪʲôҪңʮһЦеʵ˸뷨
ΪǸоϴ㲻һеĸô类ַɱˣȻֻ㼸䣬̫ˣ밢ɽһº󣬼ȿ϶ֺԥ˵
ǺǣһҲΪ˸ıأʮһ˵ţȴǸţңǶҺˣѵһҪлɣ
ȻʮһŲЩ˵أԵԼûʿȣ
ˣҲˣǻȥɣһ̺ʮһͷųԼλȥ
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һ֪Ͱɽˣһ£ɤӡ
ΪǼҪ֪Ĵ𰸵ʱȴٴαŪˣ
ϴΪզ֪׼һ֮ȴ˵ôһ仰Ȼ;ֱ׷ϴȥ
һԵôȻ
˺þ֮󣬶ڷӦǱˣˣ

ŭĺڳᣬ˶ٺ˯ŮŮ٣
˶ٻıֻͰɽˣ÷ŭŸУȴǶԴȫȻںĶ˺Ƿѽ⣡
ʮһ磬һЩ𣿡ٻſ޺˫ۣڴĿʮһ
޳Сèˣղʮһ粻ãǳԣԣҪˣٻɵɵӣʮһ§ٻļ򣬵Ц˵
ߺߣ㻵ˣղ˵ҳó˵СèʮһĻٻٴο˳ֻǿĵĿޣ
С̫ˣҲˣô·أһ߿һԼ·ٻʮһԼԼɾôһ
·ߺߣû飡ٻ̧ͷŲ֪ǱᣬǱŪʪ·еЩ˼ĹĵıԼû飡
ıؿŶǸˣԼذڳһģʲôɵģΪԼϸеһϤأ


53 
һ̫ˣıһͷԼָо
ٻֱˣмҪҪ˵ʮһЩأ
ʮһô࣬ô棬ٻֱӣ۾Ķʮһ
һһʮһ˵ˣҪҪ˵飡
һº󣬼˵ߵ̫ģܻΣգⲻŻ㣬һʵߵ̫ģܻΣգⲻŻ㣬һʵߵ̫ģܻΣգⲻŻ㣬һʵ
ʮһ磬Ȼô˵ҲҪһҪĻԸԸԸ⣡ٻǺģŵʮһæȥͣ
Һóڵ֮ǰѾ˺ѣʮһЩ˸е
һһαԼ߼˳ѣȴ⼸Ұ˶ֲҹ˵ʲô
ôģ֪ˣ˯ɣԣʮһ߰ٻ˯һܿ˵ͷʾⲻ˼
ҲҪ˯Ҫı죡ٻʮһĸ첲ͷȴѾƫı˵Ļ
ɹʮһһʱ֮侹ȻûзӦ
ϴҾҵ½ˣ㸺ϱипһʮһļ̾˵
ûȾƣôأŮôԽأʮһǷѽ⣬Ƿ
̫ˣѧϰĻ̫ˣֱһˣ̫ˣΪܴ˵ٻǱʹһɫҪж
ðôôأãҽһ浰ȥ㣡ʮһһ䣬ֱӲС
ͦСôͻȻôأҪԶ㣬ѴҴˣкǲҪ
ٻεʮһͻĻ±ˣ
ʲô࣬еأѵǶаǣ
ϸһ¼˵ɫǱǰүǵɫһһ׺ݺϵ֮ҲǼŨңһĹôܽأ
ٻѾͷһ·Լһǲܱǣı֮һ˶᲻磡
ĸģʮһ棬ֻܿ棡
һ֮ʮһҲܼô򵥵Ķҿû棬Ȼ̵ģʮһа
һٻıǱߣ˽ţ֪˵ЩʲôֻǴżĿУоӦԼйأ
ģʮһĿϢٺúõоһƣٸԼһȻֻû˼

Զ
ը
ը
ǰ
ۣ̫ˣ
Уʮһ붨ƺͰƣ
ڡھҵһƪƷͶƣ
һСʱٻԭû˿ʮһǣһĨĪЦ⣬ٴαסʮһĸ첲Ц˵ʮһ磬μʲô˰Цô𣿡
μˡ˵ʮһٻͷص˵
Ҫٻ죬ȡ
ٶˣЦŵʮһӳһɱֹ˴׷ʵС椣
ΣǲҲҪһ³ϣ⻹ôأһƤı̲ס˵
ı㣬˵ֻùϵѣٻ˵ʮһڿգ
Ĺһٻıӣʮһǳƨ˵Ǽʣһʮ֮ǰѵŮˣ
Ŷͨ濴ģϵıûз쭣Ƿһ䣬ֻûκα飡
ҪĻҾͺ˵˵ҿģʮһתͷһ䡣
ãһٻеķˮʦôңٻһ˿ޱ飡
ʮһһӣĶıȥıҲΪǸ溺ӣȻûһ˿ߵӣ
Ҫ࣬еȶҲǷֽƣһ
Ͼˮ֮˵ʦʵȻУȴ඼ƭӣȡԼҲͲ壬ΪΪʮһģǽƭӣ
Ƭ֮ʮһջĿ⣬һ˼·һҪ˵Ļ
С㣬ϱһޣ֮𣡡
ôһذϢڳĳʮһı⣬ǾˣͰɽˣ
ıԾһƽӣʮһ̾˿˵ϲһˣֻǺˣҲϲˣȻû˵ȡ⣬ʮ֮ǰ㲻ѣʮʱһıһˣˣʮ֮ǰҲĿλԭҪ𣡡


54 ı
Ѿǳ׽°͵˵ϣ̫ˣ̫ˣ
˵ЩԼҲµģûһȷģıƽ֮κθɫʣ
ʵֻǱɱ飬ױã֮𣿡ûıĻʮһ˵
ǺǣıûлشֻЦЦ
ʮһ֪ıѾʼҡˣӦ뵽һЩ£
ʲô𣿡ֻЩĻɶԲٻһֱĿ佱
һ仰Ҫ𣿡ʮһϴһĪЦ⣡
˿͸ʲô
㾡˵ǣıȻ˵
һֻһ˵ɣȻҲұ֤㲻ᷢ쭣ʮһ˵գͷıĶϿȥıʶҪܣ뵽̸ֻѾֹԼܵ뷨
ʮһĻıоһ˿˿ԼĶɸо䲻һ˿Ī⣡
ȻĮǿǺģҲи˿۰㣡Ҫһ㣬㻹Ǹ˵֮ʮһæѡ˱ܣⱩһûסԼɨȣ
ʵһ仰ҲǸոľ󣬲ֵܹģΪҲԼ
ֻʮһſıĶԣıϾȻһߺ죬ߺתŭһܱ֪ŭ
ʮһٵ˻Լλȫһֽ䱸״̬ƺʱܵһ㣡
ıȴŭĶʮһ˫вʱŭͺߣ޲ûǰʮһ
˳ãˣʲôడղŲǻ̸Ĳô˲أ
ϸ֮£˾Ȼûн£һ´˹ʶ
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ȿȣ
䴿ʮһԼԲģ
ǿ˵ˣ쭵ŶԲϰı飬ʮһֽ͵
ҲƽϣǰڰҿһΣӦ֪ҪʲôһıĿƵĶʮһ
Ҳ˵ãԵֵȻˣʱȻˣʮһֳһ˽飬ص˵
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һΪأʲô£ʮһʮȻĽӹǷݴݺȾ֪ıôƵģ
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⻹˰ɣ˵̫࣬й¶Ȱ÷ζԹǲԸģֻһ仰˵ʮһͣһ£˵̣ɢڤ룡
˵֮ʮһͲ˵κйصĻƾαʣ
о仰ʮһû˵ıһ¿࣬Ե˶ȥЩƣͬԼΪ˵ģıȴˣ
һ·˵˵ЦЦ˾˯˾ͳԣ࣬ΨıʮһûС
ʮһı˵һ仰󣬾һֱĿɮ붨㣬һֱδһ¡
ıҲ֮󣬱һֱŴ񣬴һƬյգ·עʱţַ·ûʱ䣡
տʼ˻ǣͼ˵ֻǺ˾һ㣬ƾΣһ
ҲͺˣȥɣʱȻǸ˵ģ˺ǲϰߣ˵ЩĻ̫˼ˣ
˵˵˵ЦЦгҲܿҪﾩˡ
˻ϵʽ֮ٴνĿһֱ߰˸Сʱˡ
ܿгϵĹ㲥ͨˣʮӾҪͣˣѾкܶ˿ʼʰ׼³ˣ
Ҳ׼³ɣôʱıȴͻȻ˶С
ѭȥһֱŴıʱȴѾֻظ֮ǰģ·һռʱһ㣡
ɻˣѵԼ̫þˣǲ˶þ˰
ϴѾʰˣ͵ȣһ³ˣϴͻȻ˵͵ˣԥһû˵
ôˣ³˻˯ʮһڱ۾ıʵ


55 ѳ
ıĻ˳ˣһҹù죬һôãȻûֻһҲһֱװģ
ôشʱȴһǸӱ
վǾһֱһҹҶ಻˼ȴһֱʮһʱҲͻȻˡ
쵽վˣǰ˵ټϣԺҪټ棬װʶңôᣡ˶״̬ıȿڣһ߻شʮһ⣬һ߱Լ뷨
Ҳϣٴμ棬ʱϲ׽Ū˵ģŰɣڻкô͵ҶĲɣʮһЦЦӻһŰݸı
ǵҵһְȶķ䣬ƣ͵Ч
ıûʮһӻóģӹһۣ뻳У˺ĬĶ˵˻·ղһĻ
³֮˸ıЦźٻ֮󣬱תһ⳵ɽ˸ϽҲ복ڡ
ʮһų⳵žѧȥȻҲУ
ʮһȻѧУѸðˣ֮ڴѧһ̽
ԼСʱң⳵ͣٻ¥£к֮ٻһ·С¥ȥ
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˸еĻʮһſǸ⼣߰ߵܣ΢üëԼߵʱûаϾȻɢһ˿˿Ϣһվǰһ
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Σʮһ˫ֳʽָ״ס֣͵ؽָָܣʮһĸоһ
ҿʲô⻹Լ⣿һԵĸȴǱһشܣ
ߣԼֲñүʮһϹӻһɷһƣ
Ӧ䣬Ȼֱϣг׿ˣȵĳˣֻϹ⻪ңһƿһźƮγһ״
ЦţСʿҷڵģôܣã
Ҫ֮ͽ㱾ҪܸϹˣСүǱµĲɣ𣡡ʮһЦһ˫־Ȼջָİڶпһ˿ɫƮȻڿγһͼ
ʮһȻһƣǺɫͷ
·һǿ磬ɢһ㣬ûһ˿ģɫͷϢʧˡ
Ƿڵ¶ΪɫͷʧΪղֻǸþ
ϴʲôҲһϴһо͸Ʒˣк˷ܵ˵
ǹɣҲԵ˭ǰȻһˣʮһǿУɧĴš
ȥɾˣʵֱʹɷǺɫͷһֲ»鷳ܶ࣬Ȼսֲʲôı䣡
ڲ֪ͷʵʵʮһͼӴɷҪһʱʹҪǿһЩҲǺɫͷʱ䶼ûУͻҷˣ


56 ϶
ȻͬʱĸþѣΪװΪֵõģûڸпô
һʲôо붼ˬ
ϴ𣿡ʮһװĿʱˣһ˵
ݺӣȥˣʲôˣʮһȥԼһסѣݺﱾԸգӱ
ֻΪһݵһôԶ֣һȴֵ·ⶼǺˮֵؾͶݺˣ
ģҲۣ
ϴ϶ˣаˣǶᵽȥˣһѱסʮһ޿˵һ߿޻һʮһ·Ĩ飡
һȥ˵£ôˣ϶ôˣʲôʱ£Ȼ϶ˣʮһѹǼӶĵӣߣ
أģϴһǰǼȥȾƣȾʱ϶˵ʲôɾĶҲû£Ϊȶ˴ţأ·ǻһϷһƵСأǸСѧУһƵС㣬ġӿ޿߶߶˵ϾȻ¶һ˿Ц
үģ˵ص㣡ʮһֱ̧ۣһӵĺϣʲôʱ˻˼˵ϻ
ϴⲻӣǸСǳ࣬ģǺܰģģǰ͹̣ǲʦҪ˱ᣡһվŵݺȻվΪ˵
ʮһĿо˸˵ɫ⣬ݺȻƽʱҲǹؼʱ̴ǲ˵ûõģһ֪ʲôʱ˵ʲôǲ
֪ˣ˵ص㣡ʮһûʾĻɣǼ֮ǰĻ˵
ģ֮϶ͷ˯ˣҲҲ˯ˣһҹ˯úһζû糿ʱͿͿӼ˵ֻ˵˵ţʲôµ飬֣ҲڲͣĶ
ʮһתͷһԵݺݺͶҲһ·Ҳ뵽˺ֲܿ飡
һԵĸʹ˸ɫʮһûмڴߴٶ˼˵ǵ΢ƽ֮˵ʲôµģ˵
ӺݺûעǣʱĸѾ֪ſڣʮһԣǶ˼м䣡
糿ʱǷ϶ȻѪѪ֮У״ŵȥ̽һ϶ıϢѾû˺ң״ǿֲֻ۾Ǳһ㣬Ҳһ룬Ǳõȥˣ촽мҲһӣӵƵģһӼ˵µǣ˫ȥͫУѪ·ƵģȪˮӿƵģ
ʲô𣿡ʮһ󣬵ʵ
Ŷˣ϶ʱ򣬶ϻиǱʲôһһԵݺʮһʣһ֮󣬻ش
Щʲô𣿡ʮһ׷ʣϿκɫ
ûʲôˣЩˣϸһº󣬻ش
Ǻǣѵ϶ʱûкƮ𣿶һɫͷӣʮһЦţ罣ֱָӺݺ
㣬ô֪㲻֪ģͻȻݺٿʼŤüϸˣ
԰ô֪֪أһ֮ǰŬӣȴҲͻȻЦǺķϣŤø
˶˵˿˻ϲУֻϸ̵ʵϲӲ
ߣƾǵ΢ĵҲСүйţǴ򹷣ʮһߺһ²ֵĲϣ
ײǲר˹֮ÿһʱǡھмΪʵõʽ
ȻײսҲЧģֻЧûжԸǰԣ
ſڵȺʱĸʮһĺ۵һŹϣ㷴һȭŽݺȥ
ȻûеⲢĹƣϾôĥǰֵģ
ޱ࣬ƾҲҶ𣿡ݺЦһ˫ץУֻǴʱԭݵ˫ۣѾľ
һߵΪӦӵЦһ㣬ҲǹЦһҲ˫צץʮһԭ׾ӣһ̾Ȼ࣡ôѧ
ЦãСүû³ֵܣ


57 
ʮһŭһǲһȭͺӵĶϣӵ˫۴ʱҲץʮһ˫ϣҪҧʮһĲӣ
ôֲǽʬҧðһѪԼҧʮһоһΪ£ΪеģӶûˢˣôôأ
ȻţȴһҲһֻһƻӳȥڲӱҧ֮ǰķϣ
ĸеϵķ͵ŰƵ˦

һУӵƮһźŴȥ
ֻǻûɵڴһͰһֽжɢ
ԭʮһ׼õɷ˳ȥɷһ˲ȼźɫһޣ
źķɳһգ浹ȥ
ˣ
Ƿֵ˵£һػҳʮһûпһۣ˭ղ·Ĩ飬ҪҧģˤѾģ
ӺʮһĿ⿴һԵĸݺﴦȻݺ쳣ǸȴǸһЩֻݺﲻʱðĺϢԸһв
ǣʮһǺУҪǻһݺɢ֮ѾĲܶˣ
۴ʱĸȷʵӰһȻԽսԽ£
Ǳʵ
̾һºʮһֿϾпԼֵܣԼ̽ĵɽһ˵ˣǿ޶ûˣ
ϴ֣ʰУҸܿⶾĶ̫ˣһͲСӶʰˣʮһҪ֣ڼսĸͻȻоôӴôãû£ûӣ
׼۵ʮһеĻ󣬺һ˼ܻ֮أãûˣ
㵹ʮһԩˣеݺֻǾܵսҪ֪ֻҪսû˱ܣ
һʱ֮䣬ʮһǲ֪иʲô̧ڿһȦ֮ǰǸ⼣߰ߵܣ˳һº󣬾ջƬ֮󣬶ͷ΢еˣ
һ׹ûڣһ¶ͷϵĺ飬С
ţ򣬱лߴˣֻǱѣ׹ȥ֮ʮһǲĵĶһ䣬˵仰Ļлݺ
ϾûϢĿƣ˵սʵûоһ˴10ݺģҲľѹ
ȻʮһԤϵһ㣬и߸ӹܺƸı䣬ͻ䣬ԭйصĶˣͻȻ֮˵Źȫǵ򰡣
ʱݺĻһ֮ǰţ֮ǰһߴһϢȥƶԷֽţΪʹԷǱҲ䣬ֽҲľֻǱһǿ˺ܶѣ
ڣԷȫϢӰ죬һ˵Ĳ˲ˣ
һӵʱ䣬ݺͱҹſڵأĵ£һźղǱһƮֻûѡ񴰻ѡ˾ȽϽš
һº󣬱ٴλſȥһºܴûȥҺѡſڵĿհλãΪȷǷҵ֪źڶǺеܵģѡſڵλã赲ܣ
ǱԼԱ߶һ£ٴƮȥ
ȻֻôһǵĹʮһջ˷䣬źܵķ
һУͬһ紵ɢһƨһɢڿС
ʰһĹ֮ʮһŸпȥһĴָ
Ǹһ½øոǹĺɫŨܵˡ
˵ҲԹʮһԼƮ˲ʶȥɷȴǷָղһţȻؼʱûдˣ
ҿһ£æ֮ջõķŵǹ֮
ϴ̫ˣ̫ˣҴôãһ¾͸㶨ˣʮһǹֶЦ˵ʮһĴĴָЩ˼
Ѿǿˣɱˣ·ַӿ˾ͱʰˣȴĲ£ʮһο˵
ϴһоǹְȻЩѽ⡣
ҵרҾǳڷģȴǣǸ϶ҪҸ򵹶Է
ŶϴɣԺʱŵģ


58 ҩ
˰ɣܲȥĶһܰο̫ˣڲʱõʲôһ۸еܺʮһ°ʵ
ǰõĶ̣ʱȥŪһӲ̣Ҫһãٰӵпһеܺ˵
ʮһҧͷΪọ̃ⶫõľƷ껹ģһ˵ҪһأЦذɣǵöı
žʮһĿɿڴ£нܺǰ˫ܵͷ
ֻ¶ߵ˫𣬼ͻȻѾˣ
ʮһ𾪵ĿУеܾȻһˣҪ֪ȻȫʵģĵĲҲǺٺٵģҪ䣬ʮһԼҪѣ

꣡
Ȼ𾪵ȴǣŸһϺȣܾȻӦϣʮһ޲ýӵɳ
డԼǼ񵽱ˣ¸£
ܵĸз·һ΢һ㣬һܱԼϣһֶһߣ
ϴҾˣʱһҪŪһ̰ȻٴţķģЩСҸ҇Nɪһ׵֮󣬸ʮһ˵
ջؾȵĿʮһװǵĻӦԣʱǾȥ̣ţܶʱ֮ڻõ
ˣô죿ʲô°ɣʮһӦԼŪԺ󣬸ֿ˵ŵӺݺ
ʮһһ۵Ӻݺ̾˿˵һԼͻѹˣϣ
˸һŷȷ֮󲻻Ϊָк֢
ʮһķԸнú󣬾վʮһԱߣŶ˵ѣ
ʱ䲻Ƭ֮˹
ϣ۰ӰţʮһͻȻеϴ󣬸ղŷʲôˣǲ˵϶ôͻȻεأ
ղ˵϶״ʱԼˣʮһ㳶һɶ˹ȥͲӻ᲻ţԼžˣ
ŶԭҲ̫ûϢˣһΪ̫û˯õµģʮһĽͺš
ѽݺҲŵ𣿱һûϢȻûתڵϵݺӺûƷı
һԵĸǳ鶯֪˵Щʲôãûô޳ܣôû̵ˣ
ӵΪʮһ֪Ͼһס꣬ôܻ᲻˽ԷƢԣ
ݺˣװˣߵݺǰ̧Ⱦ߹ȥ
ϣҲڣôۣѺݺ֮ǰдĵطӾǻȥţ
үģôôôݰߵģȫôˣݺָ֮Լ첲ϵ࣬ӷŭ
ѾģֻţôˣңҲ˿ʾĻš
ˣסְɣǱˣģûûˣʮһֹˣͬʱشǵɻ
ʵʮһ⻰ûдȷʵΪűԼһٱϸ˵Ϊ嵼µģ
ϴǹ𣿡ݺһźʵ
ǰϴôˣҲһţһ߻ݺһơ
ҪʮһҲǿˣôǰûôأ
ͣ㣬ҩهNɪǰǴӴȥȥ϶žۣŭʮһóԼߵĸУһ϶Żǣ
ҲǺϵǰһͬʱӱǱ۵һܣ
ãʮĴַ
ʱע⵽ʮһԱߵĸУһ˵⣬ټ֮첲ϵĵ̺ϵܣ
ӺݺʱBˣԾͣ˻๥Ķʮһķ˿
ȿȣϴۿһסİΪҿԸ⽻ջİ㲻ôҰӺǲҪ˵
ʮһθǲֱǷʺĴȸһţ
ϴҲǿΪ㽻ջˣҶ¿ɼΪ֤ҪǰİӱԼһݺҲǲĸϲҪ޽ڲٵĽ࣡
ǹˣʮһڻûסµĳ嶯ٴһݺ


59 Ż
ٺ٣ٺ٣ʮһֻ˶һźӺݺٺٵļЦţͬʱЩ־ĿǱԾɻĸС
Ҳֵܣǽи߸ˣһºʮһ˵ȥԱߵĴ˹Һֵܺȱƣ͵ֵˣǺú̸̸
ȻΪɶҪݺӶ˻ǺʹĴӦˡ
Ǹϴӷ磬پҲǸģ
һ̤ᣬУĴ˹ȥ
˹ݺʮһפһ£ǰˮʱûע⣬ڶһ֮ķˮǺܺãЩ⣡
˵˹ݣԴǸϴѧʱʹˣֻһֱڻˣ϶꣬ǰսֵģ˼䴨˹ݽܿ˹ݣ
ǰҲΣϰǸͦˬĴӣʹԼʮңҲǸŮ
üһ۲֮ʮһûж˵ʲô뼸һ̤˷ڣ
˽ȥ˸󣬱зԱŲ˵ǰˡ
ڵ˵ĵڣʮһһС˹ݡ
ھʱ仹һʱ䣬ԷڳԷ˵Ҳ֮࣬⣬ֻˡ
һǿһһŮеĶŮӦ׷߸׷һС¡
Ƿ޵ĻĻôˣ
һǿ̨λõĴа˸ˣʮһһ۲㽫еĲˮȥ
˸˸ȾŹ½ͷûֵĸ첲ŸҴŴӣ߶߹Űӣ
±˲֪ǻƵģ
⼸˻ţʮһ˽ʱǱһëһֱۣʱջƵĿ⣡
ʮһǲԸģΪøǼƽ̫ˣ
жֽͷСҲǲֵģϾ˼˭ñΪһСƵĿŭȻûдŭٽ㣡
ӺݺǺװĻص˻ȥϴˣҪԱ߻и缶
˵ǰǼ컹֧ȴǵӲ˺ܶ࣡
֮󣬷ԱСþŲ˵ȥ˺
Ϊ˴򷢵Ȳ˵ʱ䣬ʮһֻһ˹ţ
ʮһֵÿģҪúĥһôԸֻ
ֻһñϴθңΪһǱԼɢˣ
ϣҲͬϣѾ˷ǣһ
ȥҲûͷȽ׼Ķ׼ˣʱһֻһֻֻֻҪֻ߰ĻǾֻܰӷˣ
ҪȸŪȥôһǴ˻°빦
뵽Уʮһбۿȥӡݺﶷûأ벻ˣһñ˵ˣôҲǱ
ôƫƫϲ涷أǺɽҲˣأȻǺӡݺս棬ʮһΪϸе飡
ҺʮһĻûü飬½½ѾõĲ˶ˣ
ʮһû˿ԻԲˡ
˿ϰڵ˺һȲ˶Ҫ֮ʮҲأ
ʮһȴûǵĿƵģԹԵĸԼһơƺһߺţһΪԼĻǵޣ
˼Ҫ˿ûϣˣҲֻһ˳һƿơƺ
ȶˣֱ֮ȥȻҪأʮһһþƵˮȵĸУ
İɣϴҵľܺõģơҺȸǲģһڸɵƿơƺװ˵
߸һݺＱæƿ˸еƨ
ҺõǣȲ˺ܿˣȫ֮󣬼Ѿɵһơˣʮһƿȫȵġ
ơһʮƿģ
Ʒȫˣ˭Ҳûпʮһȫ˦ӺԺȣ
һԵĵСӲ⼸жûԷ
⼸̫ûˣһũģûԹôòˣһëſЦš
ƺ˿ԼĻᱻԷƵġ
һӻôЦ
Ҳŵʱֻһвţܴ򼸸Χס㣬˿϶˲Ͱȱ⣬Ȼ˸һϣ㵱Сأ
ſЦʮһüͷ΢嵭˵һ䣬ԷסˣˣûҪ빷һʶѵҧһڣ㻹ҪҧȥɣҲ̫ˣ


60 
ȴǴÿ˵ĶУ
һĨɫϴȻţ棬Ȼߡ
֪ǣʮһҲֻխĿռװһ£΢տһ£ʹУ
ϾҲֻǸѧߣ
ڣ˭˵ģʲô˼վӿһ£ŻһȾëļһվ󺰵
һƽļƣ
ϴأ֮ǰĺëСվëԱ˵
ǣʲôë꿴ëɻʵ
ϴǹǹë߷߲ƽĻشԼϴ⡣
֪ôѣëŻëԴһƣתǹôվ
ʲôУСүվˡ𣿿Сү³ԷˣʮһеľƱվһ¾ˣֻȴһ۹Żߣ·ֵһһ㡣
ë˻ûӦ֮ǰʮһѾٴƵȥ
ҲڣϴһǰһƵĺëƺѾһƣ˵
У̵Ķǲȶ֣ȥɳǲռãϴҵģëĿһۺë
ϰëһӣϵӻ죡
ӱܳһȳƣòϺõŮӣΧһΧȹһ·С˵У
磬զˣʲô𣿡ܳŮӾܿ˹ݵϰͬʱҲĳʦ
Ϻǣû뵽ϰﻹǸŮŮҲҪɣ֮ܿëһ˿
˵ǵȻܿ⼸˵֮󣬾֪ղǮˣ
ǣҲֻưͳԻпˣ
˵ǲǱģëһָǱߵʮһˡ
һģһǺģһֱںܿǲ֪ģͷת̨Сã
̨Сòŵ˵ͷë˵ΪʲôǵĲ˶ˣȴвû
Сõ˵ҪǶɽڻںأ
˽֮ܿЦĴ磬ǵҪʱ䳤ںأǵĶǳˣԾˣ
˵ЩеûģҾô죿Ǹ缸оܵӣë겻֪һˮ͵ز嵽ϣ
ǴҪô죬ʵڲеĻٷҵģ͵缸ˣܿЦ˵
缸̰С˵ˣҲˣϰǺȼٰѽǸСŮҲйһ缸ȼë۷ž⣬ָܿͽ͵͵ǵŮ
磬ǲʵڲУСǺȼǸŮǹ˿Ͱģܿöˣô죬Լִ򲻹ûİ취ֻһʱ䣬һʾǱߵŮϽߣ
Ůᵽһ㣬ſȥ
¸£СãȥﰡҲϴӣ֪ϴ˭𣿡ëֱſڣסСŮȥ·
Ůһҡͷһ֮ǰԷͶȥȵĿ⣡
ֻʱȴ˯һ㣬ſڷһһֱ壬Ϊأ
𿴸һԷǸˣ㿴ŵöˣźëָ˲ŷ֣е±߹ʪһƬ
ŮиһĨ֪ΪľΪǸеųΪ
磬ˣŹӰɣǸѧǺȾƣܿдſǻĿë꣡
ʲôֻǽ缸ȱƶѣëһЦ
ϴϲϣݺ￴ĺǷŭһץһơƿӣʮһָʾ
ǺǣӢ۾ȥʮһЦǺǵĿݺˡ
磬ڵʲô𣿡ִһƿƺ˵
Һƿƣο⼸ôģһ˵ţһƵĺһơơ
ŵǶʮһţҲ˵ץƿƼȣ
ܿ㣬԰Ǹƴˣʮһ׼ƿ֮ڶ֮ʱһ㣬ˣ
ȥһλò۾ųβഺĻ򵥵˶㣬г޳ֱһ˫ȡ
ֻǴʱŮȴһŭݣߦȣ嵽ܿǰһܿ䱸ĿڶŻУ
λŮ˾ֻǰһλߦȵŮģòѵһŮоŷϣ


61 ߱Сܵ
ֻڶǵУʮһλŮУȴǳ˳磬һָõĳ谮
ϺǣֳСŮë꿴Ůˮһ˵ţһ߾ȻȥŮ
ϣʮһһȳ˳ȥĿֱָë꣬ڵģҵӵϷãԼ
ʮһһȣн˳ȥǲʮһ
ݺﷴӦһЩ˼޳ֱܰӳȥơƿųȥ
Сܵܰ
Ҳڣ˭ң

һʱ֮ҽ˷
үģõôѾģڣ֮ǰǵʮһﻹüڿֻһֻͣ·ëıУ
һ߸еļ룬ǼֱǲҲ̶ãȺһ㣬˲佫ʣ߸Żдɢ
ӺݺǰʱȴǷﻹվŵˣȫſˣ
Ŷðȫˣһ˴߸Ӿ߸½Ҳһİɣ
˲ɵþˣ
תʮһǱ߿ȥֲΪ߱ſڵص˸ең
ҿûϴ
ʱǱ߱ʮһߵë꣬Ѿûнк׵ıӻ󣬸˾㤵ǣ֮ôһƬһƬģ
Ķ˲еɲһ磬Ծüס˫ȣ
ϴֱӷë갡̫бˣ
磬𣿡֮ǰŮ˻ڱëʮһ
㣡ɣ˸Ǯǵôģʮһëһź˵
Ѿͷôˣø翴ûݣתʮһ˫۽Ů뻳пֿ
ûŮֵŮˮҲʮһûѪԵȴʤã
֮ǰʮһ֮һֱûж֣ȷԼǲԼ̫˽ˣĻԻ⼸Żƴ
ǵʱǻСˮΪͬ༶һСһüʮһ״ҲȥæĽȻһ٣
ˮôˣ˵£ƽ¾Ҫܣ
ԣôСһ𱻴ųģһ˿ˣֱߵ
Ϊ̫ˣ
ѽһΪ˵㽻˸ŮѣʲôӰ㿴ҶˣˮһֱֻʮһһֻһԼʾԼˣ
ʮһѾͷⰡϰԵ˫һˮѾûһ˿׸С
ѽ磬ôأң㻹ûشأδɩɩأˮ˵ţȴûҪܵ˼⳶ʮһǸǰͷֵǰŮѣ
ôôأϸûش㣬˼Ƿ£ʮһװĵӣˮСˮźǾµвϵر任״
ѽ˰ãĻˮǿĵĽţʲôƵģ˵ղźһӾͰǸëˣֻǳ绹ôǸëƻһӵģҪǿܰɣ㣡
µģиڣ˼ҾͷˣʱҸˣȥʮһ÷ſˮˣָŴӵë˵
ëڼСܵĲ£ķǮ뿪˷ݣһߣߺ˳⳵ֱҽԺȥ
ˮλǣܿľýӹëݹǮתˮ۾ȴǶʮһ
ܿ㣬Ҹʮһˮţ磬ܿ㣬Ҳҵϰƽʱչҵģ
ܿãлʱСõչˣллˣʮһϴЦ⣬ܿһ֣
ãˮѾͷ𣬽ǼˣܿҲЦ˵ȴ룬Ǹʲô˰ղŶǸëôתܶԼô谮ԼЦôĶţ
Ǹ޷͸ˣ
ǺǣϴѣãӦӳַ޳ܱɫһˮǰĵЦš
ϴǰɣҲϴѣ˰ĵݺҲ˹ŸԼ
ǺãҽˮˮԼѣҲʹ󷽵ػӦš
áˮõǺһӺݺǲҪ֣Ҫˮ֡
ֻܷʵǺܲпģȫʮһĻ飡


62 ӵ
ʮһֱӾһ߹ȥڹݺСûһ˿ͣٵķ˳ȥײӵϣ
ѣ

ϣ
ͨ
ϴ㲻ֵ̫ˣ˰š
Զ㣡ʮһǲ
ãҽиУϴֵܣ߹ĸЦЦˮ˵
ˮգźÿĴ۾ʮһ˼ҪҪ
֪뷨ʮһǣõ˵ǸУֵܣʵһ£Ǳ˻Ҫ
иãˮЦŴк
Сѩ߰ɣ֪ʱ֮ǰλ˵ȻߵǸŮǰҪȥǣŮ֣
ΰ߰ɣǷˣŮ˦Ҫȥǣ֣˵
ΪʲôΪղûվ㣿ΰԵЩ
ȥ̵ʮһȿϷ˵ʲôȰŮ
ʮһ˫һϷӣˮһʮһ⣬ֻκʮһ˭Ŀȳǽˣ
ָûзӦˮҲֻһϷ
ѵ֪ղ⼸˻ᷢʲôѵΪֻźȸ𣿡СѩŮǿź仰
֪ʲôҲģοҲ֪Ҵ򲻹ǵģǶǹŻеİҾȥҲûõİΰš
ΰı⣬ʮһ֪ΪɶҪΰˣ̫ôˣ
ȻĿԼŮѱ۸пܱǿ޶ԣһ˵Լ򲻹
ڣе
Ǻǣǲٸ˵һ仰ˣǷְɣСѩѾΰĲٴˣ·ڸ˵һ仰ǶԼһ㣡
㲻ܸҷ֣ƾʲôҷ֣ô㣡ΰĿЩĽе
ȥүģһȥͷģһԵǿȥˣֱһΰƨϣ
ȥԶΰ̧ͷԼ󣬲˵㣬ƾʲôߣңҺŮԼ£
Ů㻹ŮأתһԵСѩ
ˣҸûκιϵСѩڵϵΰһۡ
˼Ҹˣ㻹˼˵֮ǰΪһѸˣǸͲǴ򲻴ù⣬Ů۸ϵ飬㶮𣿡Ӻߵӣһ֮˵һŮѶ˵ĻǾͲһˣʱȥпܱҲҪ϶Ϊİ˶Ҹģ
˵ӵ۽ǾȻһᣡ
ʵʮһݺ֪ʱ˵ĶﻰϴѧʱһŮѣһһȺ춢ˣƴҲûܾԼŮѣŮѱǿԴ֮ӵͱˣ
ôʮһ˸һȥѰңһ߷ƾǼų̂ѧأ
Ľֻһһεİᣬһһε裡
ҲͲˣʼ˸оǸӣ
УɳȣΪһŮȥӻдõأΰ˵һ֮󣬱ˣ
ϴø߸ҲɱܣҲˣʮһǰɫص˵
ľһ·㲻ѧԺǿˣҲȥɵģʮһ۾̾˿˵
ϴҾˣ֪лҵԸֻЩһҪԼȥģӵıǰδе档
ϴҲҪѧҪӸһȥݺҲڴʱ˳ĿƵĶʮһ
̾˿ʮһȥֻһ仰
쿪ʼ͸аɣһûֿɽֲˣ
û˵Ļתʮһȥ
ܿ㣬٣ˮһ仰һ·СŸ˳ȥ
ղŵһԻ˵ļʱŷӦӺݺһۣӶԷǿһмᶨ
лл㣬ҲллλѣСѩߵԣС˵
ǺǣÿԺСһ㣬ǲĺãӻûӸղŵлָ
ϵʽ𣿡Сѩ۾гڴ
ðɣԺӰɣֻ֮ǻʼɧ
ҽѩͽСѩɣѩ漴Ц˵
ûղΪʲôȥĲҰݺʱŷӦ֪䣬Ӿݵһ椣


63 װ
ʮһ⣬⳵㳯ľƷȥ
ϴϳǰҿһȾŻëСӣ֮ǰǶѹŻ֮еһڼҵ꣡ϳ֮󣬸г˵
ѽܿǲ°ɣˮЩĻڵеܿˡ
İɣûµģǿǵûȫ֪Ƕʱ֮ڻȥģǲҶ֣ʮһοһԼãȻߴһ˾㿪
ϾһһǼŻв·أȱأ
ʮӵӣ˱˾оƷһ֣˳󣬻нĿľƷм˷ܵر
ڵģڼˮǸܿ˸绰Сĵ㣬ʵڲоȹص棬ǻȥ
˴ԼһСʱңѡ˺ֵ̣л£ŵ·ϵ˷׷ױãҪǱ̵ɲģַѪ
еĺڰ磬ʮһϵǮʹĸһԲʷ֮ˣ
ʮһ·Ҫ֮ǰĺڰ翿׶ˣҲֱ֪Ϊԭ
ʮһ˷ˮһ֣ξͱȽ˷ʱˣ
кˮ˿ŹĻֽ㣬ֹֽǮ֮ģ뷨ȴǸͬ
пЩǲмģ뵽ǹ֮֮ʮһʩͻȻȤ⿴
һ汦һʲô棡
ˮͲͬˣЩõĶȻǺܺڣΧкܶȥǸоһ˿˺󲱾
ɵʶĽرʮһĸ첲ԼӶʮһϡ
ܵˮĺ£ʮһӻһŰ֮ǰ͸ıһģһģ
ķպ֮ˮоİ࣬ȴǹʮһϡ
ô˿أСѾͷ±Ц𣿡ʮһһˮǣȤ
ߣҲŲأҸ˭Цң˵ˣұҸ磬ЦҸʲô
ˮһСɵıӣС˵
ܵˮѹԼ첲ϵŷпСѾͷѾôô
Ҳ֪Ժĸһ
뵽ʮһЩʧ䣬ͺԼİĶҪƵģ
磬ôˣǲ𣿡ʮһͻȻЩ䣬ˮеʵ
ûʲôֻ뵽ôƯɰ֪ԺѻʲôӵģʮһƽһЦ˵
磬ǵ˵Ļ𣿡ˮͷһ˫ˮĴ۾һգգĿ
ǵãȻǵãֻʱ㻹С˵Ļģʮһһºҡҡͷ
᲻ǵãʱˮ˵ԺҪѾһҪһҪġ
ɧ˵϶ҲΪϾͲбˣ
ӽͷߵβʮһʧ̾˿ˮһȫһЩͨƷ
֮£Ҳֻ˸̣һЩǱֽ֮ģ
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磬ôˣôأͣʮһˮʵ
һ£ֵȰ̸ңֱӸϷ䣡ˮһԵţǧ𶯣
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ǳ˽ʮһˮ⸱飬֪ˣ˵վһԵȺš
ӹеݹ̣ʮһ˿ûԥҧָָ֮Ѫ˷䣡
Ѫĵ䣬һ˿˿ɫεϣζʧУ
ȻЩ֪˿̵ʮһҪרģԾʮһˮ֮䣬ս״̬ʱؿԹﵽʮһţһȷˮȫĿģ
һԵĥľ飬ʱͻ״׼
Լһңһɣʮһջʽںķ˴;ѪɫԵЩ԰ף
þѪɷĿǰǿķȻڼҵľѪҪ֮ǰĻҪǿ̽кʮһ͵
ϴϢһᣬɱȥɣ֪ϴôŸϷ䣬϶Ƿ˲͹
ֻʮһڵ״̬ѼսԲųȰ
û£ùңֻס⣬һʱˮҾôһãʮһ˸еĻ˵


64 սŮ
磬ûµģҪǰи˵ģϢһٽȥɣˮг˽
İɣ粻µģҽȥˣڵ˶ΣգʮһЦЦһˮͷ
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֪ˣȥܿ׼һҹȥɣʮһͷӡ
ǴѧϻкܶѧĽҹ
ڻˣþˣڽһɫ۵òŮӻЦ˵
ֻЦȥǹ죬òκڰ֨֨ＫĲ
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һŮеɽװͷϼһ۾Ůػۣںڵͷһ߸ߵķ٣
˸˵ĸоһʱĽһׯŵĴҹ㣡
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ǲһģǱ۾еĻʮһ˫۽ǰɫŮӵ۾
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ɫŮĻʮһŭЦŮΪСүǺ۸𣿽Сү㣡
δ䣬һɷѾֱɫŮȥ
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ʮһû뵽ŮȻǿŮʧʱ֪ͷڤȭһֹĽǶȥ
ڤȭǡھƪмصר˹а֮˿̱ʮһǲʹǴ
ۣ
һǴˮϵ
ȭצཻûмҵײûС˵ǿըеֻһˮɢ㵴
ͨͨͨ

꣡
ײУʮһ͵ĵ󲽣ɫҰףһ˿Ѫ
ɫ۵ŮҲƮȥֱײߵΣͣƮӣ
Сʿû뵽㾹ȻȻûãΪҸղŲûȫŮ£ԭ˲á
µٽģͣŤ
Ƭֹ̺ͣŤһѪ׳ǰ
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ȥëȻ
ڵ¶轵˱һ㡣
ԭƻͨĲ͹ݣ˲䱻ơ
濴ȥ֣ڸϰϰڰ޹⣡
û뵽㾹ȻﵽΪʹ˲ƶСүǱҪ㣬Ȼߣһи㶾֣ʮһȥǵѪӻһѷдʡ
˷Ϊǵʿרʴ˻ģ
ʱʮһóַ뾻յĹǣ޹


65 žžžһ
ʮһ𣬾Ȼʮһվĵطһ׹⣬ذ׹⿪ʼɢȻΧ
ȴÿһܺõİУʹ䲻ܺϮ
û뵽û뵽СʿȻôӣСأҪ͸˽ɣû»žžž
ɫŮЦţ˵еĳӸžµ
ʮһ㽫Եķ³Ҳڣ̫ôˣ
Сģʱڵ˲ŷӦոջһ˵ˣŶһһôͻȻʹأ
˲Ϣ֮Ȼ˫˫ˣôʲôడ
ۿ⣬ⲻѧǸʲôﰡôϴˣ׹ͺʲôӴ󾪺֮´еĲ豭ˮϾûв
ɼʱӵľȺͿ־ѳԽϵʹ
Ҫ˵ɢϴעֹҪСеĳ嶯תסˮǧ𶯣ҲҪУʲô⣬ϴıң
㻹ȥλСҿѾӽݽŶ׵ĸһˣ۵Ů˵
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ʫˣԱߵ۾гֹҪ˵ɫŮˣ
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ŮӾ㵵ĶˮһۺҡҡͷЦôŮޣˣǻٴεŰݷã
˵գȼӦ𣬱۾ֱʧˣǵģʧˣûһҲûһ׵ģ
˿֮ǰǶĵط΢΢һ㶣ǹ
꣡
һѭȥɾû꣬ʣһҲҪɢˣ
ֻʱʮһ亹˳Ŷͷͣ£ĴڵϣѳһһľӨԭѾҰ׵类ˢһ㣬׵ˡ
ֳŵأǿ̧ͷһһģȷ˵ӦƮŮ
ҲŹģʮһҧгݣ޲ûŮ
ʱҶǹˣһСʲôҶʹŵʱһ΢ĩĵУʱǴ򲻹ҵŶΪ˱ǿңҿֱӽɢ
ŮӺ֪ʮһкֱ֣̬У
ŮƮʮһǰʱʮһѾû֧ˣ
ˣ˫촽࣬ɫҰֽ
һλᣬһһūΣʮһĲ״ŮĴЦ
үȥɣڣȻ䣬ԭѾѵһʮһ˲䱩𣬸ǲ֪óһڱֱŮǰأһ͸֮ƣ
ֻһȴʮһڵĿȻԾǴ̵Ůϣȴ̵ֻҼϡ
յĳʿŮһתӣֻӰʧˣȴɴʮһУô᣿ôħ


66 Ĵ
֮г˾벻˼飬Ǹȴǿ־壬һĿ־壡ֿ־˵
ħ˵𣿡ʮһ߶һ䣬˹ȥ²ʡ
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ǰ߸磬Ҫ˵ôɱһţһƤ˵û£Ҳе㲻ţ
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ʵǲûɸ߸˵Ļģݺ߹ڸ׼һʱȴǼ˵ҪֱӴ120ɣˣӣ120绰Ƕˣ
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ˮ˻ſ˵ʮһС֮£Ȼͷϣʹմ˿ˮŪʪһƬ

ܵǰϮˮһһĸо˲Ϯȫȫһ¸ʧˣԭڴϵ壬ʧȥ֧ţȥ˴ϣ
ʮһҲû뵽ôɣ䣬ȥһ˴ϣֻȴȻѹˮϡ
ɲɵģȥ˲䣬ʮһʶҪȥ֧ţȴһֻץˮĴڲ࣡
ԭѾˮﻹס˫شһʱ֮
˵֮ǰӰСôһԳʮ
ʮһڲϵʱظоһůȫ±ͷų
һĽҲΪ
һ̣ˮ˲ȥһ̵ĸоѾΪ߶۾ȥĸ硣
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ԼԼȻǶˣ
Ͳ֪ʮһڸܵı仯󣬸ӻˣǸоһˮſӳ嵽ԼʱʮһһԼ


67 Զ
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ʮһæĬľԴԼао˺þúþ֮ƽһЩǵĿٴοˮʪʪţпԼľӨʱаȴٶȷǵƣ
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ɵѾͷˣڿ޾ͱѿˣ˵˵ΪʲôΪ翴أ֮ʮһסòļ
ΪΪҲ˼˵ҪӦ˵֮ЦңңңˮССľһ¡
İɣٴ㱣֤Ц㣬᲻㣬ڿԶᷢģҲԣκ˶ԣʮһϵؿã԰Ļصֻ˵ķڡ


68 
Ҿ˵ˣǸԼһ㣬ˮһ˵Ϊղҽгңһ˺öģöˮˮ
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ʲôǽ𼦶ˮɻĿŸ磬ͲΪ𼦶
˲ʮһͷˣû¸ȷأⲻԼԼڿ
ǾͲ˵ӣèһͻˮ
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һΰԥһº󣬻ǾƤ˵һξǸղţ۾ߺ죬˫±߷ˮʱ򣡡˵ʮһȻ޳ܵԺٴθ˸ղŵĳ
ѽԭҲһҲˮ𣿻˵ˮȻĿŵĶʮһ±߿Ϊûʪأ
ŮҲҪҿҸˣôԼ±߿ʮһѾСܣǼͦˣ
Ӧʱ±߻Ӳ˵ÿ˶еķӦ㲻Ҫ̫࣡
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ˮǲԵģ˵Ҳǹİʮһ϶˿ЦΡ
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һ˲䣬ʮһǼȲ˼ָеʮֵˬϸС֣ůϢһ̼񾭣
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磬ô󰡣أˮһ߹۲ţһ˵Լģ
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зӦŶһŶʮһ˷ӦˮµĶ
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ͷ֮еʮһˮĻ󣬲еǶˣ治УʵǴ̼е


69 
뵽СѾͷҲЩָоĺˬСҪܺȥ͸ˣ
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磬ղԺһӰŶʮһˮЦʵǳϿң
ˣ²Ҫκ֪ҲˣǼ˳ȥһԷɣȥ˹г㶫̽ʮһȻ˵ãǹϵľܾˣֱת˻⣡
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һΣǵһеʱ׼һʱ˲ʧ󣬶ǶԺһУƾУʵȴ˵ĺأֻ΢ܴеܣһҾ͹ˣ
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ǵڶأϴ󣿡ʮһ˵ӾΪż˳
ڶαǾһ̣ݻе٣ԣֻܴŮˣʮһ¸еݹһƿơƣ


70 Ц
ʵھƵһ˲䣬Ѿʮһ٣ؼʱǰŵ巢͵İ׹⣬˿˿ůס٣ҺǰԵĽȫ壬ҲΪָƣûע΢İ׹⣬ΪǾֵĲࡣ
뵽ʮһһؿڵ壬ص˺棬һ񽣣ڹؼʱ̷͵İ׹ԼһŶѾˣ
Ҫҳ䲻⣬Ůһɱⲻ˹ҵΣգʹҲֻʹˣɱ뵽˴ʮһ¸п´ټŮʱԼ¾Ͳˣ
ǻǺΣգϴŮʤǰѱǴģô˵ģӵľתƵϡ
ʮһ֪ͻȻֵģʧıҵע⡣
Ҳֻ֪֪ҵ֮УʱԻʱʹãʮһֻܰٵ˵ܲ˵ǰѽɣоﻹ
Уϴ㻣Ūأ˵ˣӺһơƺ󣬺ǱӵĿʮһ
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ǶʮһǲЦݣʵ̫ϤˣÿϴҪ˻ʰһ˵ʱЦݣ
ѧÿμϴôЦԶԶأ߾վһԿű˵ù
ǵõһοʮһЦʱǸոϴһǰеӭᣡ
ǰ೤мԼеǮÿ쵽װ档
ۻȾƵʱΪҲ೤ͽ˼ͬѧǾƣ
Ź֮ǳܣֻʮһô᲻֪Ǹɧôģ
˹ϴЦЦԸݺȥǰ̨ƿͣҪ˼͸Ĵӣ
ƿơƺʮһЦЦվ˵೤ôҲûʲô˼ҪȰ׾ưɣһڸɣ˭˻ߺȲȥĻ͵ȫԼڹ꣬Σ
ҲȾǻû¹˭ο⼸˸һһܺȣ֪ôʮһأ˭֪ʮһԼ˵ˣ˼
˵Ŷ֮ɲ˵۸ǰǵ˵
أⲻǺȵĲˬӣһȸһʮһҼһ
ֱץǼ͸ľƱ׼ССƿͷ˹˵˽ȥܼթûֱӵÿȵһҡ
ϾһĴѧ˵뱭СʹͷЩˣ
Ͼʮһ˼ǵһͽ˹൹ڶص㣡
һƵĿֻ⼸Ժһ¶ѣ
ǰ뱭׾ƣȻЩ𣬵뵽ʮһ˺̬֮Ǿƴˣ¸ļʹ˸ɫһ
ɵоƺ󣬼˽Ʊ˹˫дһ˿⿴ʮһˡһ˿ǸǸˣҲϽİɣ
೤Ǻþʮһͷ˰ͬѧĿ⣬ƱһӼ˿ϴѾˣҲһͷƸɣ
ϵͬѧֿפ
ʮһҪľЧһͲκνˣ
ӣƣǼ೤⼸λֵһ˭˭ˣʮһӵס˼˵ߣݺ϶״᲻ףҲǰ棬ӵ˺󷽣
һƺ󣬼ȻζЩԣҲûй⣬ΪԼȵеˣ
೤˵ǵĸȫⱭˣôͬѧأʮһƱһ¼ö˶أͷ˹ȫȹ⡣
Χ֮˾Ǹеθһ󷭹Ȼȱˮһ㣬ţ
Ӽ˼ϴѾˣҲǺܺˬľеľƱ˹˺Ƭ̺ĸտҲıӷ˼Լͬѧǰ
ãʮһǰźõĸȴͷ˺ã
žžž
žһ
ʮһ͵͵ıһӣ
೤ˣǸ缸ѾǸˣˣʮһ̲˵ţȻЦݣ
ߣ缸Ҳˣǲˬʮһŵ̬ȣһֱƱȥ
Ż
Ż
һŻ漴ֻڵļȫ˳


71 ķ
ô˰պȾˣ
ǰû뵽೤ľôʧ
ô˼˼ƴأУǲ

Χͬѧ̧ۣͷһԾЦǺǵʮһ˫һ˿׺ݣµ֪ܲԼˣ
ֻǵôͬѧ棬һҪȵ
ȣ
һͷͺűӹģ󼸸Ǹһӣÿ˿ʮһ˵ôһޣҪʮһ˵
ݣˣ⣬ԺоƱˤڵϣһݻͷҲصˣ
֪뽫ǾƱˤǼϵģֻȴûУ
ԴԺӼ˾ļסʮһЦݣ
ԣ˿̿ʮһЦݿԼŵüæͣϴôأˣţȥһʲôܰæģ
һ󣬼԰׳̵ٶ˺ڣ
ôˣϴǸЦųɣӼӴܵӣкǲ⣬תͷһԵݺ
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ô°ϴòǱ˰ɣݺﵨսľӣиɻˣ׸ʮһ
Ҳ֪ôֻǿЦѣˣͺˣʮһװǷѽӣһԵݺûסоƱҵϣ
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ǣøа˺ǣʮһˮãղŻںʮһˮ֮һ仰˵ÿˮЦĿʱҲǶܣ˼ǲ֪Ʈȥ
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ˮǱߣÿЦĿʮһʱֻҪԼһǶˣ˲ͷԷԼʲôˮһ㣡
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˲ͰΪԼ̫ˣǵλ粻أ
㵽˹ݼû˵ˣǰ̨Сö˫°ͣĵĿһֵˣ
ϾֻһˣҲ滹Զüģأ͹ڼˣȴûһ˵˵Ҳѹ˵
յµֱӽǣܶԭҪԺܳʱˣȻӿ˳Բ˺ȾƵĲСʱңھʣʮһˣ
ι˵ûɣʲôأԸԵôѹ֣ѵĲ˲ó𣿡ʣһˣܿҲֱ˹ֱվ˼˵ǰ
ңҲ֪ܿĻһƲ쿴һˣ
ݺʻҲ̧ۿһ£㲻бĶûʻһ㣡
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Сӣлƭңأʦ֪ʮһˮĸܿҲûôˣֱһָװʮһ
ңֻеۣ廹ûлָأʮһЦһ£͵
ͻɣﲻļһֹܿһ䣬㲻پ
𣿳߰ɣȥ˹г˶ԵĲˣʮһ˵ݺңиһ£
˵ͷʮһִӻȡƷˣţȻֻʱ֮ӦòˣԷһĺã
ݺӹСĵķ뻳С


72 ˯㳦
Ļ࿴һ۶һסʮһĴȣĨ˵ϴǰ㰡ǾջԶΪţ
ң߰ɣǵٶ࿪һ䷿ͺˣʮһ˶һһơ
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ӼҶУʮһˮص˷䡣
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ʮһʮһԼа񣬻Ҫǿ˵ԭûѪԵϵԺӰ죬Ȣð
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磬ֻҪ㲻Ӧͺ˰ԥʱʮһԼѾ˴ϣ
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ֻʮһܲ˰оԼѾһԣһˣѾʼˣ
ҪǣѾͷС¶ҲͶˣȻ嶼ϣС־Ȼľڿ˳
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͸¹⣬ɫ𲻴ҲС˫壬⻬ƽ̹Сɫڰˮûüؿһӡǣǲֵļ˿
ѩ޳ĴԼϣȻһ㲼ǸоǺԣʮһĿÿһζܽȥһ㣬ǲСѾʪˣ
һ˲䣬ʮһԺȴһУͻȻ˫Ļסˮ֫ͷ߷䣬˱ţ
˫ֲ״߷壬ҽ⿪ɽһ߲
ŷ۵ӳ۰׵Сˮ¶һһģ
ʮһſ캬סһţַֹֻ·һֻһֻСãһֻȴǹ±ѷĵĹȣ
ŲѾԸе̵ĽˮڱʹһصĴϢöĽ


73 Ű
ʮһѾ״͸棬ïܶСݣŢʮһһ׼ϳ
磬ԶҪֿòãСֻˣҪһ㣬ҵĺø磡ˮеλʮһ˲˹һȫԺ
ԼðԼôԶԼ飬ûѪԵϵһҲ°
ͨһ֮ʮһҲˮǷõãԲˣǸ
˵գһֵˮĺ󲱾ϣˮӦסˮӽƽڴϣӸϣ
Ű·ϣ뵽лٻֳɣȡ㣡
ŵ£·ʮһȥǼ뵽Լȥûϣһô죡
˼һ£ʮһ˾
ȡ֮ǰֽɰëʣһԣ
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תڱʼϣһ˿˿θڱʼϣëʵĻӶһЩѶķԾȻֽϡ
׻˵һȫעĳʱʱŵĺܿ죬תʮһѾʮŻõķˣɫҲѾһ˿ˣ
ͣлᶯëʣʮһٴϥϯض
еʮһͼڵȴǷָΪ·ǹصֻΣʱŻ֣
ԴˣʮһҲԼԼȴãҪү飡
һ´ԼʲôΣʱԼԼͷˣ
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ʮһ֮ǰ򱦽̽ȥȴԼͽȥյıͱһɴˣ
ʮһͲ׷ˣһºٴξһ˿ŽӿȥǽȻˣƺˣ
˼һʮһһ󵨵ľٴξۼһŽ̽ȥ˷ö֮ʮһǵûܴ죬һ˿ϲá
Ϊⷴ̽ȥٶȵģ
Ҳ˵Խ࣬ҲͻԽࡣ
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ֻҪԼ㹻ǿ󣬾Ϳƿ谭Լ̽Ľ磬׻˵һʮᣬûеģ
΢΢Ϣһ֮ʮһĿǰΪֹܵŽٴκȥɽһ㣡
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ʮһֻоԼԺзһɾһûסһѪ۽ûκα仯
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СүŰûԼҳأ
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ʱǲˣͣĬĬΪԼһ¾ʮһվɰǰ
ĿŬ֮ǰһһ̻ķģھмأɷƷƷһƷƷ
˼ǶƷʦһƷɷƷʦƷɷƷʦƷɷ
ȻҲһЩԿƷĵģȻ󲿷ֶǽһЩǿķģ
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˵һ֮󣬺ľͺûĶˣʮһȫú̫Ѿˡ
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磬˰ʮһոø걻ӣСѾͷԺ
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Żм˵˷ԼǰļѹڿŽС˵ӣСڣʮһûаԥȥ
˷ܵˮͻȻоһʪʪ̽ԼĿУҲͣץԼС࣬ʱʮһͷĿѣ
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Ҫץץҿܻ͵ذŶҺײеģʮһỮˮм䣡
ѽҪҶһиǸˣˮһ飬ŵüæȥ㵽ϣһ͵ʮһһߴ·
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ǺǣҪ֪ʹĻںأʱŶʮһСѾͷܻӣ´ϲϷСѾͷ
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˳Թ緹ݺѧУʰȥˣˮм˴˸к󣬵һʮһصܿǵԱŵķ任·ȥˣ
ʮһŸдгڹһϣڴʱʱ仹磬ϵûɽ˺ĸоȴҲܶٹ䣡
ܶĿģԵһӶﵽһҹĿģ
ﲻǰ˵Եһʮһαķ


75 ҹ
֮ÿԱ˾͸ˣ
ϰ壬ɣȫƷһҪҪģ
ϰ壬ƷƷȵȵã

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ϴȷûطôоĳֹһأгӦøߴһЩ𣿡ǰӵĽֵŶгĽвԼǷߴ·һг
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ҹܴܲܵʱðɣһζʮ򣬸붼ʹ
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76 һ
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ϣϰԵȣ͸װãˬȫˣ̯λϰ춼쳶䴦ˣһ֮Լ伣֮꣬ٳ⼸ԩͷԼҲҲˣ
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Ҷʮһƺ𰸲⣬ĻӦš
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Ըʮһ仰һͻȻʮһ˵һĪĻʵ̯λϰ˵ȥȡǮʱѾʮһĻˣ˹صķ׽̯λأ
ǺǣܴԸǮûвյĵĻʮһкǾȣ˺ûǰȴûбֳκγԾҹӡôһ˿΢âʱ֮ڻһѪ֣֮Ӱ첻ŷŰɣɱһΣ
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˲ԼͬɵĬֻи΢һ㣡
ϴǮȡˣǾͻȥɣкö˵أ֮ǰȥȡǮ´ʱѾһǮˣΪˣٶѾһ̯λϰ壡
ˣ߰ɣûж˵ϻֱȥСȻӹҹȥ


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ת뵽ԼԺϴҪǮˣ־úƯ
ʮһ߶ӿҪĻ𻨵ģ׼Ӧʮһʮ۸ʱȴǷˣ


78 
ҶҪˣһʮΣһקſ
ͬʱתͷ෽ȥȴǷһͷ͹˹滹ֵĸࡣ
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ԼҲ˵Ϊʲôʮһ˵ĻﻹΪʮһǸˣŻ˰ٰʮύһλȫֵõģ
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ϴ㣬ȻȾ֪⼸˻Լǵ⣡


79 Ѱ
ڿԽ˰ɣʮһжˣٺǵ˵
Ǻǣֻһ仰˵ʮһɫȻĿ١
Ŵ˻ɫĮΪʮһҪӵʱȴǱʮһµĻò֪룡
Ѱɣһӣʮһ̤ǰһץסٵеֿѰ㣡
пǶԴվһԣûӦʲôµĸ˵
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ȥҲǿ׳ôôأﰵ˼⣡
˵˵ʮһȻϴӦţǸ˵ĸоȴܡ
࿴ʮһץסһֱɿﲻӿһ񺮣еһ㼦Ƥ
ȿȣǷȷſҵ֣ӱ˿ᱻģоΧĿ⣬ɸеһ˿Ρ
ĸˣֻҪһˣһֱˣһͬץһֱţо񺮵ģҲˣ
ٺαؾʵںôأ֮˹ҸҪģ
˾ǱʮһͻĻΪԼ˵ĸǸо˷θµĳ嶯
ȻΪ˵ȴһʮһ͸һ˷ܣ
ǰֻҪԼ׵ҸͿˣԼȴǧټýҸҲûܹ
ָ㣡ס˫֣кԼζ
ǺǣȷʵʮУֻùͻ𣬶΢΢Ҳ࣬ҪػλĽãʮһȴɿ˫֣Ŀһ
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²ԾˣǸСҲѾڳԾŴͣ
˵ı飬мȾֿġ
ȵϴȻȫ˵ˣĵϴȻôţ棬ϴϵò
ҽ㣡λ˫סʮһɿˣ֮Ǽ쳣
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֣صĽӹѾڼ˽ɫ֪ĻΪǱرأ
ټͻȥֽҽ㣡£ѾȲҪϻȥˣ
ãҪĻҵ绰ߵѧܿ˹ң
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ʮһһԵĸнţʮһΪʲôôԼǮˣϵ
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ֹǺ˳ֱ˳еˣһԵĸ̲ס²ۡ
ϴڻˣǵþˣݺϴˣҲǼæΧ
ߣҸȥſˣܿȴֱһɤӣ˸ϵһԵĽȥ
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ϴ㻹֪𣿼ûбԼûʲôѧ˵ǻ꣬ҵҲ͵ʧҵݺ̾˿û˵ӽӻ˵
磬ѧУôΪǴѧأһԵˮȴͷƤĶʮһ˵


80 ̽
˵ֻܴˣҿƷѧţҵҵùһѧˮùĿ⿴ԼʮһæΪԼ˳űһӵˣ
ݺԣԼ̧ͬͷƳһļһиǲмһ
ֲмʮһˮͲԸˣ
Сһģ۾Ӷˣ˵һǼҸƷѧţзչǸѧߣ
ݺ˳ˣ˲֪ǻ֪ǸɣϿξֻӵϴʲôʱҡһƷѧŵˣ
Ǵ򲻹ʮһһһָ
ûµʱԼһ»ԣˮĿ佱ʮһоϾȻôһ˿ȸУ
ȿȺˣˮһһӣ˵Ǿ͸ȥˣˮ˵ȥʮһæ⣡
̫ˣˮ˫۷״
һԵݺʵȥˣǿסһѪû³
ģҲ֪ҺԼҵᣬԸԸ룿ʮһһˮͷɫݺˡ
ֵܸˣݺûһ˿ԥıͷӦˡ
ǲϴʲô𣿡п˴Ӧôʹ죬ɱʾ⣡
ʲôʵģҵҲû¸ɣϴܲڶɣ˵ϴǲẦǵģΪ˵ķˣ˵ǵĹ۵㣡
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˷ǲľ飬οһԷ˯ӿΣϷദĺѣ
϶ʮһҲ˲ȥ϶Լȴûаץֻ϶ܰģ
ԼûãԼʵٽһĻͿԾл꣬ǿΪ϶ֻصĴţ
ܵʮһɢŨͰˣˮ˾𾪣
ʲôŻôǿҵ𣬾ȻǿܸȾˣ
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磬ҲǺ𣿡ˮ˼꣬ҲСĵ˼˵Ĵϣ
ǺãǾ˹ͬŬʱƸˮʮһ֮һڵľ
ˣϴ˵ҪƸˣ᲻̫ˣ̽ĻҾǰǼ˾Ϳˣʳ˼йͬʡ
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ˣҪƸһⷽܰҵģʮһ˵ͷǿ϶˸иĲ룡
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ϴ󣬸߸磬Ҳ˵뼱ֵܰ˵ôˣЩ׽
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һǷ˲Żһ裡һ˵˵飡̲סֿڣݺҲһ״
ˣǰ˵˵飬ǰ֪飬ǰŻ˵֪飡ʮһˣĵ͡
ֻǷĺģֻԼ֪ˣ
ʮһĽͺݺﻥһۺͬ˵˳𣿡
ԣʮһЦſŶˣȴѾһơƿ


81 Ҷƭ
Цģôأ˿ʮһеơƿڨЦ±ı⣡
ʵûҪ£綪ˣʱˮһܻ˵ģҺлʱ֧ԮǣҺУƸĻȥܹǲ֣
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һȥٶңΪԶʮһһӰкȥ
˳ܿ͵ľƲ֮ʮһŸ뿪ȥҵȥˣˮӼ˼ܿæ
ʮһ֮ô죬ܿˣ˭ˮԱأ
ԭˮһȥģֻʮһͬ⣬Ҳֻˣ
ʮһ͸뿪󣬲ûȥ̫ԶĵطھѧתƣΪʮһĴڴѧһ䣡
ȣǶ⸽ȽϤΣѧ࣬ÿ껹ˣ˾ͻкù߶ٴΣ⸽мСڸ˵˭ССأ
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в֪ʮһ뷨ϴ˵⸽ѡ棬Ǻֵ֧ģ
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˵㻰ֻҪܰҾһҾ԰ֱⷿ͸ԺʲôܰæģǾ˵һ֣ʮһɺ󣬼æ֤Լģ


82 
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һûסЦУ
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ǺǣİɣǷǵˣȥʹðһЩ칫Ʒɣ̫ݻֻҪðһЩһõľͺˣʮһŵЦЦ˸һĵ
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ãͬ⣬Ҹһ𣡡һĨ㣡


83 Ѱ
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İɣҶôԼģʮһԶȥıӰﾹȻоˣ
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ûϵģˣûĲ͵ȴǿʮһ


84 ش
ʮһи˼Ҷ㵱ˣһҪľҰ
ʮһƳһкǲмȻ㳤úƯҲܰǸ绹Ͳϡ㣡
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85 ໨
ʵģֹ꣬ǲ̫Ʒģ˵Ŷ峯ģ㶮ãȻʮһЦЦ
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86 ȥҼҰ
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87 Ϸ
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90 ˭ǹ
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˵Сͣһ£ڻ䣬ʮһûȥ֪һˣǹȥ˵һԼǶôѵģ
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ŮС˵һֻزʱʮһоƺһۣתͷȥȴûпκ쳣
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ΪҳߣһҹͬˣǸʱδͬһܴ飡ȴĲܲˣͻȻһҷһˣҲܸˣΪףһƿƣ
Ǻܷ񣬳˺ܶǰԵĶ֮ǼһȥȥܶϻʱȴҵĸĸҼˣ
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Ϊʲôôңôҵĸĸȴһƣ˵ҴһΪҵļҾͿ߽ڣ
˵һжźõģǳӢ۾
ҺߵȥȴǱץסϽڣҾ˲Ҿ徵ŰΪҵʹǸˬȻҹҩֹһһ飬ֻҪιȥǾͻҹҩԼҲҩ
ȻֻۣҪһҾͻˮҲ֪Ϊ̫ҩĽ࣬Ϊǵı̬ȻõϸеشһһĻţ
Ȼ֪ԼᱻŪҩãҵ廹ǺУ˷ܣ
֪ҸΪʲôˣ
СгԹޣһֺ޲ʳѪѪԹޣ
һ仰ʮһģ
Ȼ뵽Сһܱңǣʮһģû뵽ܵ˵ĥ
뵽ԼȻʮһǰﺦߵͬʱҲСеŭΪŮˣķŭʮһأ
뵽߻һոնԼˣһȫˣ
Ȼװʲôûзȴˣ뵽ʮһģڻһɵһ㣡
뵽ɵһԱߵʮһûһö
ĪʮһȻ⣬ûк磬Ϊ֮ǰʲôĿģŮһЩ޳ܵĶ
˵Ҷ˵ˣǸӦ֪˭˰ɣСϵĹٴŤΣĿѱ汾ɫ
µţ岻֪ʮһʵشֻܲµӦүүģǾ˭Ĳ֪
Сڷŭٴסٴδһ̻Σ
Ǹ˭ѵйϵͱѩ֮СһֱҪ𣬱Ѳ³ԼйأֻǲȷϣҲԸţ
Ǹ˾ĴүүҲԼڵļ޵УЦƳһתͷٴζʮһл
лٴΰԼסΣ


92 
ܵģôǴүүأһģСĴ𰸺ŵľ
ЦԼеĻҵҸĸģȴɱǣһĥ㻹˵캦飡
СЦţ˫г˳
һƭҵģһƭҵĶԲԣԾɲԸţҡһԵʮһĸ첲ʵ
ʮһûлشֻεĿ׾ˣүүүүϵˣСҺ͵ܾܵʧȥ˸ĸүүҲˣֻдүүʱļҺ͵ܵܣ뷽跨ȡүү͸ǵļҵǴүүֹǣǽܶͷΪ˲ôүүǲģǽܲŻŬҪԼ˫ֽݻҵ
ѾЩҭг˰ˣԵ
ȻҪΪʲôȥ޵УС㣿ʮһ֪ΰοתͷС
ΪҲʱ޿̲ɱˣֻ϶һΪķҸͲܽĴүү޵У߸ʱ̸һɱıڣɱ̫ʮ֮Ҷܿ
Сٴʹа㣬޺޵˵ţ
޵еЩǣֻ۸ŮҾѡ
ΪʲôС۸ѵΪסԭ򣬷ΪͶ޵еĳޣӦûѡϵİʮһһ£˵е뷨
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ǽܲͬ˵һͬүүʹǰԼң
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ˣŰɣ˹;޷ĵģʮһվǲĿļԿڻһڵ̺ϣ
С㲻ҪģǶѾôˣǻŵʱܺúñ㣬֮Ȼǲܺúñ㣬ûãĸ׾ȻӿֻȥʵЩɲʱ̥ĦƵģ
ʮһüһȴǷ椾Ȼûκβʣˣ
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93 ̵ĸ
鷳ôģ˵һ°ɣСǷйϵʮһͷػ˻֣Ѿ˵һСʱҳɢ
֮ͲصУ˵۾ģ˿ɹ
˵Сʱ͵ҵĲʮһ۾Լҧҧһ˿ߺ˵
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ˣأвôûЧиһº󣬱㽫ɷŵС˳վԼ棬ȻûˣǰôңԼֺαնɱأ
ղԼҾ˳󣬷Ժһ֣չħΪȣ
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㲻׼ûɱ𣿡ʮһСܵ͵ʵֻôôģ
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Ҳ㣬ȻֻǸССķˮʦʿҺͬ飬ֻޣҲǶǸ޵еˣʮһ̾ϢһЩεֱһӣһ΢罫С
ŴʦһɳģʦΪձСʱһƨҲŲҪΪħأ
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Ӧģ˵ƺЩףּһ䣬ʿץģ
ˣǸôҿƺûԹӣʮһ𣬻һȦ˵
үүΪʹүүͬ۱үүĶӺģĸҲǣүүԴүүҲûԹڸĸԹүүĥûˣ
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ֵʮһвпȴ־Щ̣
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ǵ»ûأת׼ߵʮһȴǱͻȻһ
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عʮһûüӦоһ£Ҳһ£
ʮһ˭ô󵨾ȻҴ׼ȴ֮ǰٴδֻûô䣬Щŭѵ֮ǰôңһǸƻŮأô˸飬һȻҸ죬åҪɱ㣡
ʮһ˲סˣ֪˭ˣԭС椷ˣ֮ǰţûˣԱˣ


94 Һƫִ
˵ȻռˣҲҲռ˵˵飬ԼŪİҲûǿ㰡ʵڲҸ㻹ȥ¾͹ƽˣ
ѹµʮһŬؽţֻôôϷ
ŭյʮһνĽͺýһôͿô޳أ˵ԲأȻڵϷԼ
ӲʮһȴǿѪȣѹµʮһֻǰʲôθͣʹһķӦ

쵰ָ۸ңǲ浱Һ۸أһҪɱ㣡˲䱬һͷŭĸϻһ㣡
͵̧ӾҪȥ㲻Ҫ۸Ҿ㳹׵Ĳ۸ң
һ¿ŻʮһˣƱĻԼԺͲҸˣ
鼱֮£͵ӣ˫ֳڴϣ˫һӱȥ

ҪӰҪǲúýѵһ£Ͳ֪СүмֻۣסʮһҲŭˣҪȥˣ
˫͵ᱧԼ泯ذ屳컨壡
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ŭĽдʮһɱǧģȻҴңҳôûأǱ
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ʱ䲻˱Ѿ̹ˣǰʹӣʮһſ㺬סǿŽε㴽ֻҲǲֵĴ̽

СʶķһֻСֻҵʮһͷ
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׼𣿡ʮһ׼аȵЦţ
һֱҺҵһһҺƫִģ
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ԭڵʮһ˲类ӵϼ
ܵʮһı仯Լı仯ʮһʵ㲻Ըѵֻ棿
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95 Ⱞ
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ң֮ǰйһŮˣҵúûѪԵϵҲϲңҿóԲ𣡡һ̣ʮһǰδеľԼǸ
Ϸ֮ǰ͸뵽һеģѵԼֻǸ֧
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νĪһѾ뵽˹ȵףһǺ͸Լ
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˸ССķˮʦΪԼ޵
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96 ֻ
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ѡкܶ࣬Ψһѡľǳһʲôļͥѡģ
ƷõģǰۻԵģһͻͶ˼ңǰģһͺܿͶ̥һõļͥصģ˵ֻأ
ֻأ˵УȤֻأֻ֮;ɷΪƵƵΪ졢ˡޣΪΪƵ²죬Ի죻ˣʱУϳΪĶţκ䣬ɵȻϣټʮƣ硣
ʵʮһеĵһҲԼĿƵ
ллƴ磬ȥͶ̥ˣټ
ѩʮһվشǰŴ죬


97 ֮ò
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ӣʮһýкģҲ⣬ǷֵԼ̧ž߹ȥ
ϣϴͲܶ˼ƨɺί˵
˵Ц䣬æ˵ѾŻݰѶˣ
ʮһշˮ֣˰լѧ˵ָŴҽڸط
磬ȥˣæ䣬ˮӵ߳ʮһʵ
ץȥˣʮһٵĻش
ץ𣬸ǮˮЦʵ
ȻץˣҲ˭ǮǹģʮһֻѣʵҲѣϾҲİŪЩǮģ
ۣǸô󷽰ˮʮһĸ첲
ȴһԲĿʮһ칫ҲָòӦòǸץȥ˰ɣ
ǲеĿ⣬ʮһæʹ˸ɫתƻˣǸƸȥ𣿡
ȥˣϴ˵ģ𣡡лش
ǾͺãŰɣ˲հʮһͷ̾Ϣ
ˣ
ű򿪣ѭȥȫסˣ
һϮɫȹİһߣ޳ֱô
¶ļʤѩ۾һžµСϣҶüһ˫˵Ŀǳǣһˮ峺ףв԰Σ
һӣҰС죬ӡڰ޵СϣôĶˣںڳٲһף
ʮһֻ֪֪Ůǰʲô㣬߻޷ȥֱӣ¶࿴һ붼һֶ£
Ůڶɢһ־ǧ֮⣬ʮһȴʺӰܾ뷲˹ͨ
˵ǺγɵģôǰŮӵģǾǧĵȴĥһжȤһֳ䣡
һ˫˵ɨڳͣʮһϣӦƸ
˼æѹ˼Ļ࿴һۣӸǵͷȥȥƯŮӣˮҲǼ䲻ڣоܵ˼Ĵ
ŬһºʮһȥԷ۾˵ʲô֪ҪƸʲôְҵ˰ɣ
ҶᣬԿɣƯŮӵĻشȴţȴȷ
ʮһСܲˣһ㶼ᣬһͿ϶ᣬŮС
ҿû︹̱ǺܲµģƯŮĿʮһв֪ʱóһı
ӦðһװʲôҲУƯŮӵĻʮһɻˣ
ĽóҿҲشǵģƯŮɫƺ˷ܣǵû˷ܣ
֪֪ǺܲµģԸʮһе߳ŭӣݵһƯŮӶţ
ϧˣӢۣû񽣵ķϣŬɣƯŮһ̾Ҳζɫȴʧˣ
ȥҳЦҵıڱ¼ˣԺٸҸҶײʮһˣѾľȻҿ񽣣
ˣҲûпıƯŮӵĽͣʮһǸˬûţ治Ҳ÷
ֻǽһ仰ȴǽνȥ
ҿ㣬һûУ
ңҪƴʮһŭڵĿǰƯŮӣ
ϴϢŭҾλŮ˵öԣһűŭʮһһȰ
ǰϴ㿴˼Ǳᷢģĳ˻˧һ㣬û˼ҵıȰ
ӾȻҲ˵
ô˵ʮһֻø̾ѲɽĿ⿴ˮãһֱģ˵˭ıţһЩ
磬ҵȻǰģҾڲʱ򣬻Ǹλ㰲ɣˮǰʮһЦ˵
ʮһƵһԣһۣСѾͷ㲻תƻ


98 ̨
ͺɣ棬ƺӡݺǱߣʮһ˵ڰˣ۾ȴǶƯŮӣ
ãȻô̲
ҽʮһԽܻ߽Ƹ磬ˮǶֵܣ֪Լʾˣʮһһʶ
Һãҽ̨£̨½һԼֲ˵ˣ·˵һ仰Ը⣡ǱȻ
̨£ֺúˮֹһЦ˵
ȷʵ
еҲ͡
ûðôŹ֣ʮһסи
Ҫֺ𣿡̨ĿĿʮһ
ιûе£͵ʲôʮһһͷŭСʨӣ
ˮҲǻ˵磬˵½㻵أǴתƻ½㣬ôʲôģÿʲô㶼𣿡
ֻҪ룬ˣ̨¶ˮ˵ͷ
ҲţһҪʲôƣôƭ𣿡ʮһ粵ţŲŻûأ
ҲǴһǴʮף̨Ӷûκα飬ȴ˸ߣ

תۼ䵽Էʱ䣬¥Ҹطף̽ʽţ
½㣬Ҹ㣬һ¸ǧ׹вУˮ͵͵ס̨µĸ첲ʵ
ֻҪ˼̨ºǲںı飡
ϴҾðɣǧе̫ˣȲ˵ΣֵֻأҲֹ
ˮĻʮһûӾѾȷ۵ˣ
ϴ˵ϴôԭģбʾ֧ʮһ
ʮһһԶ̨£ֹͣĲڵȴ
м˼״Ȼ⣬ҲͣҪʮһҪʲô
Ȼ˵˲ã˲ɣһҪ㼸仰̨߽ԣʮһ˵Ҳü
̨ûͣ£ֻǵ˵ͷʾ˵
Խмˣڼ˷ѽĿǰȥӱȥȴֹˣںʮҵľţ
ʮһʵôҵӦƸģ
ҵģ̨ûһ˿仯

ʮһ˵֪֮군ˣȻ̨תͷĿĿ˵ô
ʮһ˲BˣʲôѵˣӦòڰɣԼֻʶضѣ
漴̨¾ȻԼһۣǸ뺰Ǽˣų̂µɸˣ
תһ룬԰Լôô̬أȻ˼ҵһۻôˣ
ʮһתʱ̨ȴǺܲ˼Ŀ
Եתô̵ʱȻô࣬ں˵ô໰ǲҪףһ°
ңԸ⣡ʮһε˵ＫԼȥģٴαŮ
̨¾ȻЦˣνһЦ˳ǣЦ˹Ҳڴ˰ɣ
ܹʣ綯ůһЦݣʮһԼֳˣ
Цʲôعʮһǿװ򶨵ʵ
ûʲôʰɣ̨ٴλظף
ֻǸղǷ꼻һְЦݣȴĿʮһԺУ
ʵֻһ⣬ʵӦò֮£ΪʲôѡʮһŬ˫Ŀ̨£
Ϊϲ̨µĻӦһĪĻ
ʮһɵΪϲԼֻϲ
Ǻã׹һ԰ɣֻǮãǶûаңʮһһʹӣ
ԣûסĵطô죿
ʮһ˵Լת񲻺ã
һ̨֮˵һҾˮȥӣֻҪ㲻һס
ֻҪǵ䣡
ҵ벻ˣʮһֹţȴ˵Ȼ
漴ȻǰԼ̧ͷȥȻ̨ڱԼ
Ǻǣ̨ԺҺ㣬һ𣡡ʮһ֪ΪΣֽ̨еر˳ڣ·Ѿ˺ܶһ㣡
̨µ˵ͷʾԣ漴˵ԺҾͽСưɣ磬ұ󣡡
ǶϴģСƲðɣʮһһ
̨¸ͲԼֻܷһ̾Ϣ
ǹɣȥԷоһ½ķչƻʮһתļ˺װ˵Ů̫ĮãһЩȽϺã
㼱æȥװӭӸмˣ
̨ĿתʮһıӰеҵ᲻˭Կģ
ǰʮһһ٣˰㣬Ҳǽ²ȵʲô


99 ӵ
ܿĴ˹ݣ˸䣬˾Ʋ˾͵ϲˣ
̽ҵĵһ죬ھޣֻˣԺлֵǣ
ʮһһƿơƾڳˣ
ϴ˵Щǿֵˣӳһƿơƻؾһ£
ϴֵ㣡ûж˵ֻơƴ
֪ϴ뷨ǱǮ˵Ҫһɲˣֵָǣһֵܸôãȴʲôû£
Ȼֵ֪ǿϸɣΪǮڵĶϴ˵Ȼϴֵǹúã
ǿ˸е뷨ʮһ˿ھƺ󣬶ҡҡͷ
̨¿һУø飬˵ҵδʼԷƱ
˺ǲĿ̨£⻰Ǻιʡ
ʮһȴ㶵Ŀ̨£˵ллȾƣ
˸ӷѽ⣬ôˣ˻е˼ֻи̨Ϊλô˵Ծƿʾһ£һΪ
̨¾Ʊһڣͷʾ⣡
ʮһ״ƿҲˣȴǷ̨¸ûкȵĴ㣬ЩΣ
ͲˣǶˣôҲӦ˼һ°Ӱɣ
ΪʲôҪӣû˵Ҫȣ̨Ļشһ䣬㲻ʮһ
һӻҵʮһԾûȤҲٴ̨£º˵Ͱ֮ǰ˵ôǱʲô㲻ĿУľǴǵ
˭ϴʱӦ˭ģˮЦ˵
ԣݺҲǼеĿʮһ
˭ûֱӻشˮ⣬ʮһЦǺǵķʵ
˭԰Ҳ⵱С鳤ģˮڳһνӣֻǽŵıȴǳ
Ǻðɣ鳤ǡʮһ˵ͣһ£۾һһɨˣ˽д˿ڴı飬Щˬ
ɣ̨˵ʮһćNɪ
ʮһҲеˣֱ˵ľ鳤ɣ

ʮһԵظо˾ǳĺһֻҲоˮŭֻװûͷתʵӣʲô˵𣿡
վһ˵ȸлϴҵأлλҵ֧֣ұ֤ԺһϴľΪ׼ϴ˵ȫǶԵģϴļӵ
ã˵̫ˣĵһֺƨˮĽҴ
ڳ˽ǹЦʮһҲû뵽ӻôֱӵ˵
ʮһ˭ƤµģȻǺ޳ܵվ΢΢һЦ
һЦʹ˶ˣǲҪôĿŵĺ
˶ôƤˣҲֻ˸ûȤ׷һ
ȿȣ˵£ˣʮһº˵ȷʵ⵽˵һٰۣ˭֣
ʮһνĶЦЦ˵һһβܴǵֻдŻ£ǲŻ׬Ǯ
ϴ㲻ʶ𣿾ǸܳŮ£ȴͻȻ˵
̨֮⣬˽һϲĿʮһ
뵽ʮһҲֻεЦЦæأɱԼĶˣ
׼ܾʱ绰ȴˣ
ϴǸ˹ݳԷأã˽зԱɣ
ҵ绰ʮһһɻ˵Ҫлһң˵Ǵһ
ˣ֪ˣɸð⣬̨¶Դ˲֪飬ҲȤ
ʮһȴģ֪Ǹ˭ӦòɣǵĻԼҪôԣһ仰˵Щʲôأ
һ̣ʮһˣ˵ȥ䣬Ϳˣ
ʮһȻ֪۾׵ӱܣᣬһб仯̨У
˼ԳԺȺȣһһߵԣǿԾһûᣡ
ʱ˵ĳԺԼʮһľĹȥˣ
ȥ㻹ܲأôÿ㶼ԷһſŰŵĴ򿪶
Сܵܣ㰡أ˻ûӦһŮ
Ϳ֪һһŮ
ſڿȥֻһͷ͹һ޳һŮ٣
˲סˣҪץ˭𣿲ԼͬĽĿתվʮһϣ


100 ߵԴ
ô㣿ʮһԽֱԱߵľŮӣ
ôģӭ𣿡ĲǱˣǸʮһΪشԵ̾
ôأӭҪʮһæһ䣬濴˿ȷûб֮ʵô𣿡
ǻ˭ɲ𣡡ûзʮһĲͬǼ˵ҽΪҽʱҴ绰˵˵ȻһԵˣ
˵ɣⶼҵˣŶ¿̽ˣʮһһ£ȴֵһﲡֲһ䣡
Ҿ˵ˣҽ˵ĲѾκˣҺúлл㣡״˵
أʮһЩٵʵ
㼤ë򰡣ⲻǻû˵𣿡ʮһסˣǸҪԼ
ΪǲܿԼʮһȻסΪԼԺлͻȻôһ
ôôϤ
ⲻ̨µ
ʮһܺõĿԼûлͷȥʵ̨£ô˵
ңΪ˵̨
ʮһԼҪˣֻŮǰѾûκܿˣ
ģǲײ̽ǰģʮһʱ̨±ӵĻȴѾٶȴ
˿̵ʮһֻ̨һָĳ嶯ǲǸô˺ڵһԼ
ι㻹ʮһסˣ˵
˵һô˵ôѾأʮһǲͷĴߴٵ˵ʮһϣ
ۿʮһ㲻Ҫ̫òãСү֮ǰ̬Ⱥ㣬㻹קƨҲǵŵܵʮһװ̬ȣ
û꣬ٷϻƪһһؾ֣һԵȴֱͳ˷ϣŭŶˣ
ʮһؿ˵ƨ°
ǿѾǹϵֺ󣬺ǵѡ˳Ĭ
Χ֮Ҳǿɵˣ汩Ͱ˳Ҫץ˵Ľడ
иǶǹð⣬þûǹ˰
ˣҽ˵Ҫ̽ǮǶһɣһƷѣһ˵꣬Ӹʮһһп
˽Ծ򰡣ȥͺܺĸо
겻̨֮⣬򶨵Ҳʮһˣ
ʮһΪԤУһų̂¸л
ΪϾʹϰּ֮ʶʮһַһʮ飬ԵҲ򶨣ȤĿ˾ʵı飬ɾúˬ
ȻôǮûǮʱȻֻҼʮɫѰŭĺ
ûǮԼҵģ˭㡭Ҳʶ˵仰ȴȻоһɴԼϣ͸оԼ˳ȥ
ͨ
ѽ
ˣõô𣿡ˤڵϵʹĽţ
ҪǿϣѾзˣһһĸԼһأԺ
㻹治Լ˰ʮһǰŮи̵ͬʱ۾ȴǿˤڵʵɣΪʲôҪӦأ
ȥҽ˵һӦȥˣͻ˵ʱʶһЩˣδķչа
Ȼǵͷʾͬ⣬ôһɣͬǲɵ
б𣿡ʮһһ㾫⣬΢΢ǲǣһĨЦݣ
Цݳֵ˲䣬氲ݺ֪ЦݴʲôģҲжţ
̨ȴһĪζѰζ
ûˣֻЩˣû˿
Ȼû£ҷɣԺ˵ע㣬ʲôأʮһ˵ű׼ȥڵϵ
м֣סʮһֱ׼
ȴһʱʮһȴͻȻɿ֣
Դ١飡һٴˤ˵ϣ
ʮһõģңȴǲ֪仰ٴεһˣһŮˣ
׻˵úã˭ҲҪŮˣ
ҸʲôˮЦĶſڵϰ˵Ҿã
ûû£Դһ˲סˣʲô
û°ûҸʲôˮЦ˵ţȴǲţ߹˵ģȥһܿ㣡
ʹгֻĲɱһ㣡


101 ͵
İУɫصĿʮһ̨ޱĿʮһԴŭĿʮһ
ݺ״֮󼪣Իȥܿкˣ
ֻи˿Ӱĺžƣ
ôҸʲôлֱ˵ԴͱôˣҲʮһ˵һֺûƷƳһ
ҲôҸʲôȴ͵͵̨£һҲ̫ˣ˵Ҫֵô
Ϊģ̨µĻشûгʮһϣȻôļ̶ֱӣ
Ȼǳ˵ĿⶢʱԴٵʮһѾɺˣ
Сܵܣϳƽ԰һʮһˣȲ˵
ⲻǾùܵ𣿸˵ʲôĻʮһЩˣ
ܲѰ԰ŵϲǵһֵģǸϵֳȴǷʬֲܿЩҼʬҲв٣ȴûôֲģ
뵽ʬĿֲӣץƿ͵Ĺһڣ
ֲܿ˵һųӣʮһܸȤǸʵ嵽жֲ
ȥһ°ɣ˵ܰңЩԸ˵ʮһ
Сҵģʮһг룡
ǵģ֮ʱ绰ϣ컺һ£֮㣬˵ңҸˣ
ȻµӣңҸоºܲƽΪ
ʮһѾµǹ֮ΪŻԼæ
˵±ǳħӦģֻƾƼԼһҪæ
ãʬģҺһȥʮһͷӦ
ͣʬֻ̫࣬ϵʱ͵͵ĽȥʮһӦ͵
ϵȥͣʬ̬˵Ļ󣬲ϱɫæ뿪ʱһʮһʮһѾСүţҪ𣡡
ֻûκвԵĻȴûбʮһ£
ϴҸһȥɣм̸ף˵
ʮһһ£ǲøиˣտҵǰڻкöҪȥæǱҲҪȥæ
°ɣǱ߻Ҫæ
ǺãϴԼȥҲŭٴºžƣ
åҲˣȥȥ˹ֻҵӵĿһºȾƵĸУ
ֻƳһûдǲмںŮģ
ʮһӦ˺ܶ࣬ıԵֱ¶˳͵һӺȵôãСå㲻ҪǿϴϣҾͰץؾֺúõһ㣡
׻˵˻ƢأһƣйҲǱ˳ô˵ҲǸһССѾͷƬӣ
ͣɣǱ˵Ļ㣿ʮһȻȰܣʵȴˣ
ߣôˣ㻹ǲɸ񶷹ھأǲмĺһ
͵Ҹ¾ˣʮһ˳Ļ˵Ÿʹ˸ɫ
ϴɫ󣬸ûж˵뿪˷䣡
ߣܵÿ죡߷ߵ˵ֳһ˿⣡
Ů˰еʱҪ˳Ļ壬ʮһﲻ
ҲŮ˶̨µٴδʮһԺУ
ǣҪҪҹȥһ£뵽̨µʵʮһȰ
㲻У̨вһ˿飬ֻʮһȴǸо˱ӣ
ҲУ㿪Цֻһ㣬ҪҪȥһ¼ʶȻ㲻Ǿˣʮһкǲˬĸ˱˵Ужǲˬģ
Ǿͺą̃µᴫ
СܵܣҪҪȴȥ԰һ£ָֻ֮ǰåɫ
ȥһ°ɣûʲôʮһشһ󣬱׼ţ
λŮһ𣿡Ȼ̨£ʵʵ
ֻǸ͵ģʮһһαѾţ
ʮһĻεĳ̨ЦЦתȥ
ԾˬʮһԺȴǴ̨µһЦ
Ǻǣ
ʮһװû첽뿪
ιҰôʲôôô˼Ůأ˼İ׷һѵĿ˵
ģʲôЦ
£㵽ȥȥʮһûĵһԵ
㣬ȥȥȥ߰ɣҵĳһ²㱩ߵ֫˵


102 ߱
ܿ˹԰ſڣ׼³ʱʮһȴ˵ȥһ·±˲֪Ǿ𣿡
Ŷˣһ׾ˣ˵ž׼·
Ⱪô󷽣ȻԼ滻·ʮһͬʱȴ۾Ҫúñһ椵ж
ѵº뵽Ա߻һǣ漴ŭĿԲ³ȥߵңͲɷ˵ͳǹ
ǹͳˣεʮһֻ˳غóվţ
Һ⳵ӵĴǿģⱩҲǵǰĳῴܵ˳棬óסԼ
ʱ䲻Ƭ̺㻻һ˶װ˳
˽Ź԰ȥһʽĹ԰Ʊģ˶ֻ֮ǰ뿪Ļʲô¹԰ǲģ
ûţʮһͿŵһӣÿʮߵţֹʱԸ
ǰˣڹ԰С·ϣʮһʵ
ô֪ȷʵˣǸѾǵĸˣʩѹͰѹѹϣȻʮһ֪¸е⣬ǽţֻǵͱ˱Թ
Թڵ٩һ䣬Ҫߵļ󣬼æתƻʵǰһ𣿡
ʮһʻ󣬰һʮһ˵Ҹϰ࣡
ŶϰˣǼ˺ܾˣʮһüͷ
ûðɣҲһңҸϰڶ죡شĵǺȫ
ǺðɣߵλܲҲͬİɣʮһʵ
ְһʮһ˵ôͬأ
ʮһ뱩һ٣´򲻹ᶪˣѾ񫰡
εʮһֻ˵ȥĵطɣ
Ҳİֳǰɣʵ
Ѿ̧ܻǰɣʮһֻƵĵ˵ͷ
С·ֹ˼գһС·
ʮһͬʱüͷ漴ԷϵΣ

̵ģȻĴҰսѾĴҰսҲʹˣȻܵǰ
꣡
Ҫֹʮһȴǽָǰʾ
ɻ䣬СѾʮһץУԴȥ
ѵһ͵ãһˣþϲ͵ˣ
˼䣬ѾҰսԶֻǰ߳ڽսģʽŮʽ
ܾ٣ֻ֤ݰɣ̫˷ˣ컯֮¾Ȼ˹֮£ѵǾͲ֪ȥ߻ؼ𣿡ʮһԴǵ˵۾Ҫж塣
ҿߵ̨£һһѾĻŮ̫̫ʣ
û뵽ôֱոһˣΪ͵أԲ𣡡ʮһĻ󣬾úΡ
ûϵģ֪ҲǾͺˣʮһ̫ˣ
óֻꡱţ˵˰һԼȥɳܽ
˭Сﳤû㲻ѲҲһ룿սӾһº󣬾ȻϷ
ʮһĬʮӣ˵Ϸ˭УϷⲻ
Ȼʮһû۾һɱĽ
۾ȥȴǷ֮ǰӴ˿˫ڵϴϲϵð亹Ȼ۵ģ
ߣҵϷ̣߱㣡һҲ֪⻹һʮһ±ߣ
ʮһӵĲ״ֿĿ⣬ɵʶļн˫ȣ˺һ
СЦһתȥ
ۿСûϵ𣿡ʮһֹһȥ
һᣬ˷һ·ȻкܶŮŮһ߼ǣֲÿϣߵС·ľͷ˲ŷֱ˴϶Ѿˣ
ʮһϾеģȴ˵·רŸŮŮĻõİɣǲǾϲ⣿
ٲҪˣЩ˼ʮһһ仰ԭ˱ԣһžͳʮһ
ʮһ˵仰ʱѾ׼ˣ˿̼һ㿪ˣ˵ˣģҸо쵽ˣ
û׷ɱʮһҲջ˼߳ȣʵȷʵǿ쵽ˣô֪ģ
ǺǣӦ˵꿴һĻɣ˵ҪǲŽ·ںţ


103 溺
·ԽԽľ
ľΪʮһ·߾ȻȫǶԵģҪ֪С԰·Ǻ۵ģ֮ǰ˵һΪԹ
һζҪϸȷϣһȻֱĿص㣡
ʮһľ¶ȣž·صԽԽʮһ¶ԽԽͣȴԽԽˣ
һᣬһСͤǰʮһͣ½Ųͤ˵ǰǸСͤˣ߾û´Ļ֮ǰʱӦҲ⸽ʮ׵ķΧ
ǰҲ֮ǰ߱ʱʬһξأһԺ֮ǰĹĵ˵
Ҳ˵ֻǷʬλãȷǵһֳ𣿡ʮһЦЦ
Ȼ˫ۣ˲ŵ˵񵵰һʣ˵ܲǵһֳ
ʮһ˵ͷгţˣ
ʲôʮһӣǳʵ
ûʲôҲ㲻Ļ֮ڻᷢˣ֮ǰʬǲǶʧ
ʮһûֱӻشĻΪЩȷ
ʲôʬ嶪ʧôأ͵ʮһĻȻһʱûӦЩ
ƽķӦʮһѾ֪ˣЦЦû˵
ιЦʲôûУʮһЦݺ󣬲Щ顣
ûʲôҲ߱˵ģͤ￴һ°ɣʮһ˵ͤȥ
Ҫ粵ȴֲ֪ôӺ˵ֻܷ߷ߵضһ½ţʮһǰȥ
ôԽԽˣһߴ֣һ߶ֱţ
һΪ㲻֪أʮһ٩һ䡣
ô䣬ֻǽ㲻˵ѣӰҵʱ򣬽ѾһˣŮ˵¶Ⱥеĺǽһίһ㣬һԵȫ˵˳
ʮһЩĿû뵽Ⱪ椾Ȼộһڲ¡
ʲô˼ʮһѿʳ
Ůÿôģ˰ɣߵĶʮһΪ̫䣬һһ߹ȥ
ʮһĽͺҲǺΣɿ˵ȻȥһҪ۲һ£Ҳи׼
ߣãﲻں䣡ȻѾڷȴǾǿļֲߣԸڱǰ¶һǰ
αأʮһ˵һ󣬱㲻˵Ŀٵ֮ܿתȥ
ιſңҪңͻĶŴˣ߳ȥʮ׺ŷӦ
ʮһƳһۻԾȵ죡
ôûбôסˣĿӣӦƴ쵰÷ſңȻɱ㣡
˼󣬷ʮһȻԼԲˣΪĽ˺ö˵Ŀ⡣
ѾľˣûѣȻʮһȴǺݺݵصĥ
ۣ

ĥʮһȴһʮһһɳϡ
ҺɳأЩľҲͲôۣ̫ͻȻг
оԼƨƨһˤ룬ҪһְʮһվԣһίĲ޳
ҶٲᱻɱģԾҶʮһһְֻסļͬʱһֻȴһŷ
У˿̵ʮһ˧ˣ
ָᶯһЩĻŷȻȼҷȼȻֱ
ֱϣûнһֻ㶵Ŀʮһ
ڷϵʱоڵĺһ˲һ㣬ھȻůůģ֮ǰΪµʹҲ漣ʧˣ
ǰʮһ󲻽⣬Ⱪզˣɵ˰ɣӦѾ˰
û°ɣɵ˰ɣʮһһļʵ
û£ɵأȻܷ˵ɵûз쭣
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ž
ʲôҪﶹһӴʮһ֣ŭĿԲʵ
ˣ߰ɣͣʬҸԵ㶫ɣƳɫҲͿҪˣûˣʮһվ˵
ҲȻ溺ӣձ壬Ȼˣһ˵Ļǻо彩ӲһҲ⣡
ȴǺ˿Ӱһ˵ǾͿ߰ɣԵ㶫ȥ֪ǱиСʵ


104 Ϲ
뿪ʱ򣬹԰Ѿûжˡ
԰ſڣиϲӦһȶŹ԰ںأ
԰ڻû뿪οˣаСʱҪˣٲĻʲô⣬ǲģ
ֱϳȻĺʮһȴǾúﲻԣȴһʱ벻
ٴӡ֤ʮһʶ溺ӵ뷨һ·žѿ쭣ҪһСʱ·̣ȻʮӾ͵ˣ³ʮһ˺þòǻ
һ·ʮһ˲ֹһ飬ô죬һײ˾ͲˣײСèСݲҲǲԵİֵԽ˵ٶȾԽ죡
ʵʼʱÿһЩֻʮһ£Ź⿪ôģ˭ڹ԰˦ԼƨƨģȻھԼ
ǵ˺ĺ˵ļһͬھΪʵ̫ˣһȻһǲɮת
һ̣ᵽ˴𱦵ʹ࣬һȺӬҽа
³ŭĿӣһֺ޲˶Էĳ嶯۵С۶֮صһۺȥԷ
ŬƽϢһǼĬתЦǽȥɣ
Ȼ˾ʲôûзһһǰķȥ
Ŀȫһ˵ݼޣ̫ˣ
߱룬Ҫǽ㣬϶ɱ֮ɱ
ʮһҲһһиţҪǹɸ񶷴ھһƴ㿪ô죬ŻС飡
ΪҽԺ͹ֶԵʣ˽ʱ򣬷漸ˣֻһûˣ
֮ǰѾеȥˣ
˵ʱʱ죬һ粽һţӱȥ֮࣬תۼѾ˶ˣΨһŵһԣ
˵ˣʮһɵˣҺøסˣҪԼĻ»򲻹Ⱪ椣
ҲҺĶӯû˵ע⣬ֻӾͲԸˡ
ôһ˾ȻˣǿһƯŮ֮󣬶˾ˣвŮ
ϹλˣȴΨ²ҵĺһߺһ߻ʮһ֣ʾһ㣡
ʮһ֪ԼˣӳӵֻıͻȻʮһȥ
ţֵƤˣôϲλأ˵䣬ʮһԽԣȻֹһıӣֻ˵ҾҪۣ
ѽϹһΪ˵ҵĲ˺ҵҲ𣡡ϺܽߵĴһʮһĶӣ
ֻʮһ֪һȭжأʮһᣬΪһȭҵĶӣһ²ҵʮһθˮ³ǿŻµĸо
ᣬҪؼȥλģӼԼλȻԼǰ֪ÿ찡
ʮһŭˣΪӵĻŭΪ־Ȼ͵͵һ۵ʮһгҪ֪п⣬ǼΪģ
ֻŭȴǲܶû취֮¶Ǿ͵ùˣΪʮһйŭĳͲ
ʮһŭǺܿµģֲܿģ
ǣĨЦݣʮһб۾Ƴ˶һۺ˵ǵλʲô֤ݣ
Ҫʲô֤ݣǵģһͷֱ
ϹŶǻϽ͡
ŵȥ飬ԹԵңʮһ˵ţȴǳע⣬գûзӦ֮ǰѾܵ˴ͷǰ
һȭֱӴ˴ͷӵϣڹԣͷӵһ˦ȥĻŴѪ˿ݣ
ɼһȭжء
һӼԼͬݱˣȻӦԱߵһֻӾʮһͷ˹ȥҪһɵˣ
ʱҲһ֮Լŭʮһ쵰ʱѾվˣֻһˣ
ΪǾŵʮһѾʮһߵõ˳ȥ
û뵽һﻹһսģֻ׽սֹţ
λл˵л˵ǧ򰡣ϰ弱æ˳Ȱ裡
ֻﻹ˴ˣֻһվŵڵϰģ
ϰɣǾ죬һ𰸼ץǵģϵ֤㳶˸ѣͰ˶ˣ


105 ҹͣʬ
ϰ忴Ǿ֮Ҳٶ˵ʲôһ˺󣬱׼ϻغ
һ£Һͬ¶ˣеԵģͣϰ壬һѳԵĺȵġ
ϰһãȻػص˺˲԰ͰɣǾ찡԰ԼҲ˰ϰ岻̾һҪ׸ˣ
ʵʵţȻĻɾʹˣһ۵ϵ˺˵
Դ˸绰͵ϲˡ
ʱ䲻ܿʹĸɾܶӣ
˴ȥϮָһµϵӵ˵
쵹ʹ죬ֱӾ˸Ͱ˿ˣ˿ûбأ
ùߣʮһЦĿⱩ椻ǰԵ˱˵λ˱һ٣󻹰ץ˾֣
ʲôǲǾе̫۸ˣʮһԼĿһʮһʵ
۸ҵǲã籾ģֻû뵽ôԵʮһʵشԼ뷨
ãͿûо۸⻰ϣٷˣû뵽ʮһôشһº͵һ˵
һ֮죬ΧԷ˲ҭ
ҲǲΧŭ͵ͳžһˤϣʱܷŭʧˣ
ٺ٣
ʮһٺһЦ˵ɣǿӲ˾ͻ
ʮһΪݱ˲Ųҵģ뻹ˣһһٿŲˬ˾Ͳˣ
֮ǰǴԵģʮһɻʵ
ȻˣȻأѵҪŮԷ𣿡񿴰׳һʮһ
ʮһֻ˸ָ
ܿͲƷˣҲڱһݺݵس
ʮһû뵽ǣ컹Ҫ࣬ѾԲȥˣڳԡ
С椣ʮһʵ벻ͨȥˣǵó˽ۣѾģԭȫԵȥˣ
ϰǧлУ˽뿪͹ݣֱͣʬȥ
ʱɫѾֻʣֵĻڣ͵͵ԺǽһܱһԾϣɵ˵ϣ
ˣ˱ͣʬȥͣʬصĵطʮһͲҪĴ·һʦԣȻʦȼܵͣ
ͣʬ⣬Ѿˣʮһʵڲоóʱȴһͷ˿׹ĵ£žȻһˣ
ԺõûǮˣʮһиš
˼ֻһ˲䣬ʮһͣʬ
ͣʬ˸ֹôôˣ֮ǰʱҲûô䰡
ʮһȴǿǰļʬ岻֨üͷ΢΢˲
ôˣŪģôû㱳ʮһŽĽű飬ʵ
ŷţ԰ٴαʮһûлشʻǵݸһŷ
˷ܵĽӹǵã֮ǰʮһǽַȼ˸ģ
ңҶʮһһžͣʬſһʬȥ
ظĿܣѾǹϣ
ʬԣ̶̵һС·ȴǷԼĺ󱳾Ȼһ亹¶̫͵Եʣио
ʮһűײڸǵʬ壬ִײʬҲһһ㸡ڶǰ
ӳʬĽţϴһ˫ЬЬմ˺ܶѪôֻۣɿľ辵ȡ
Ͽȥ类ŸѪһǻԼֻƼצһƣֻ첲ȸһޣ
ԴѾûһ˿Ѫɫһ˿Ѫ⣬ʮһĵһоһŰֽˮݹ֮һͷϣԿٵȴûһ˵ӣ类ŨḯʴƵģ쳣
ʬǱѪҺģǱһѪģĸȫŮԣʮһ֮˵ԼĿʵ
ǵģĸ߾Ůԣ䶼ڶʮʮ֮䣬ÿһӣһ˵Լ֪УͻȻɴ˫ʵ˵⼸ȫǱһѪģ
ʮһͷȷ֮յͬʱеһ˿־壬̫ˣôֱɥĲͲ˿ģ


106 ù
˵ˣȷʵģʮһĿ⾯Ĵ˵
԰㡭㲻Ҳһ˼ɣ񾭴ͻȻе͵ʵ
Ҳ֪ʲô˼ֻ֪ҵ˼⼸ŮȫǹɱģһйʮһûȥһѾȵŴ͵ԹԵĽ͵
ɫ˲ֻӬһѿŵĲסĴţ·Ǹйһ㡣
״ʮһֻתοģǸйӦûһǾЩԣ
ǿԼǽ۾͵ɵϴ󣬷·ֻţһ㣡
Ŵʱӣʮһ浣ۿзɳ
˵˱ˣ㲻ôСɣɸӡе㲻һʮһȸղŸˣɴȤ
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ֻ룬һʮһеѾǺԥ˹ȥһʮһʮģ
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ιµˣʮһĿˮµϺҲ˺£ʮһ뷢쭣
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ԣʮһҲö˵ܲһŮȥһƴɣȻ֮⣬ûκεطŮ
໣ùǽһֱֱʮһ˹ǰ嵱һ㣡
ʮһ״дϲ̤ǲֱ£ƱҪһù룡

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ĨʮһˣУʮһҿѾҲǸҴ˸ƽɫNɪë߰
һʮһ֪ùΪʲôҪˣ
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ϵĽһԵס˶䣬ԾĿŴ򶷵ʮһһ֪ʲôĹ
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ǹǹǴģռСп˵ǣʮһæֹҪǹ
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ѪˣȴǿʮһǵѪЩ
Ѫ࣬û£ʮһЦ˵ȴǿҪٴѪĳ嶯ӲǽѾѪ˻ȥ


107 ʲô
ۿŶ·û˿˵ùʮһһᣬҧ⣬ĵʹʮһڴγȥ
ֻεĳȴЩ׳ץȴܿʮһˣùһ鶼ûУ
ʮһùӵĴһӾʮһĸץȥ
ʮһβûѡܣҪƴһҲҪܾˣ
Եùļצʱûκͣ٣ץԼĸһѪֱùȥ
ʮһ²ͣ󽣺һѪϣһ̵ɢĺâ
ʹùȥ
ۣ
ڿùĹͷڣ˳żֱʮ֮
˫ش£ùܵǰδеشֱ֮ӽʮһ˴˦ɳȥ֮ԶײҫԱߵϣ۵һ
ˤڵϵʮһҪվٲùһȴǷߣǣ˿Ѫֹ֮ǰܵҲٴμأٴѪ
ʮһŲ˷ѵԭ򣬼æóסЩ³ѪһԵǲ⣡
ʱùֻצֽסͷ˻ߵĽţ֮֮ŹѼһ㣬ǹǺ
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ʮһҲ£ӰϣĿϢ
һ߰աھƪ·һȴεڵ޸Լ徭
ʮһֻ֪ԼĻָʱ̫µľܲΨһİ취ǿԵڵ
һת﹦ڵֳַеһ˿ڣͼڵ
ʱƣǱײʮһȴǾþòڵͨɵ鷳ꡣ
ȻʮһҪֱָӳȥùƴʱȴǸоԭտҲĵȻƾնһ˿Ҫ΢ҲΪʲôԼڵˡ
ΪȻתת·߾Ȼ﹦ΪƣֻкβͬȻ棬ʮһȴҲ֪ʱɻʱ
æԼܶõǹһתһȦٴλع鵤
ʮһȻȵķԼƾȻˣԼΪòͻˡ


108 ˫ɫ
ʲôôһȦԼƾͺˣԼӶƷʦƷʦʹõΪӾһ㣡
һ֮ʮһϲʣΪʱϰѾѪȾˣԼٲȥС椾Ҫˣ
飡ԽԽأжҲһαùִ˴֮ϣȥΪԼҪҵʱ
ȴǵ˺þҲûˤڵϣۿȥȴǷ֣Լʮһ˻ǸһĵĿ
һ̣ƺһŵҶˡ
Ϣһ£ĽҾͺˣʮһٵͷϻһ֮˵
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ʮһӹ󽣺Ȼ֮ǰǰ̤ǲֱָù֣ͬһҪԵôݺܶࡣ
ʱùѿǸʲôˣֻܿһѪȾ˵Σǲǹѿ
ùִʱҲеˣҲܶ˭Ȼһ嵱ײȥ
꣡
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Ҹе̫ͻȻˣһʱ֮侹ȻЩӦ
໣
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飡
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Ѿڵҹɫʮһ֪ùֵζŷŻɽȻ֪ùֱǸйǸֵģ
ʲôأ·Ҫһǣһؾ϶Ҫֵģŷʮһղŵս϶Ѿ֮ԻûΪ¶أ
Ľʮһǰ˵㻹𣿡
ӦеѶȣҲȰҪһЩųһ˵
ұܰɣٹһСʱӦþͿԼ·ˣʮһ£ͬ⣬ֱ˫۴Լϣ˫쵽汧Ĵһ˳ȥ
ʮһһ·СܣԽԽòԾⱩ椾ȻûзҲûоܾе㲻ѧ
ģһҸطºٸ㻭һŷһͻˣΪǵƣʮһοҲЩˬԼҪ˷ҲڱǸˣҪǲУҪҪȶʱ䣡
ⶫ˭˵׼أǻ⸣Уˣ
Ŷõģ۲ۣҪҪϢһ°Щ˼ȻԼͦݵģԼϼȽ϶һЩʵϻͦصģ
Ժл˸ʮһϢһµһĻ
ĹĺʮһøӷˣⱩʲôʱ򶮵ùˡ
ѵ̫߳ˣ̧ͷȥôϰ
˵椰ͻȻôҺܲϰ߰㲻Ǿ̫˧ҪҰɣʮһЦ˵
Ϊˣ̻ῴȥúñţǰҸطٸ̻ƷһҪȥ԰׽أͻȻ䱩ŭӴѾָЩֱۣôʮһԻûȫָҲûȫ
ǺǣǾͺãӲʮһЦǺǵ˵
˵ﲻˣٸ˵㣡в˵
ȷ᣿ʮһЩˣһһϴԼҲԳ᣿
ֻǱģƽʱģ˵֮ԼЦˣ
һ·˵˵ЦЦһƫƧĵط֮ǰǳͣŵĵص㣡
Žںʮһٴջһ˷ӡϣԼҲһԴ۲ԼЩһĵ
ڳڣһԱ۵ϢʮһЩ
⵽ǸˣһƤЦåһһһֱôе
Ѿ뵤ڵʮһ֪ڳĴԼʱѱԼĵˡ
δ˵˵ĵģھҲûв鵽Ƶ


109 Ů
˫ɫֱδţδ
Լж𣿻ôˣ
ľ֮£ʮһһһĲ鿴Լĵڷûʲôְ֮ѡھеĵƪƪϸĶһ飬ûҵԼԭ
һ󷭲֮ûеõκνʮһЩʲôôͻȻ䵤ﻹܱأ
֮£ʮһſǷܹ֮һ֮ЩϲȻԵҸо񻹱֮ǰǿ˺ܶࡣ
תһ룬Լ˵ȻǰǿˣҪûб仯ɸƨ
ڷֻԶõ£ʮһҲʱ˶Ե仯оҲ鲻Ȼ
Ƭ̺ʮһ˫ۿڿ۾һʵιղôˣΪʲôϻͰ׹ⲻ˸Ǹӿȥ͸жһ
㶼ˣʮһ˼ʵ
ʲôҶˣôһῴ𣿡ƺʮһĻشǲ⡣
ŶҲǸ˼ҪܵƣʮһæתƻʵھôˣϵûкһЩ
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˵ţȻվȦ
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һͦذȻ˵Ȼû⣬ϳֱȥ԰𣿡
ҪȻһϵķûˣ԰йֻȸղù׺ݸѶԸʮһҡͷܾٴθֳء
ʮһĻҲû˵ʲôֱǿʮһȥ
ˣˣſڣС˵
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ڵһǸУ˿ǰ̿ԿԼ
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ȥץ˵ĸʮһʹ˸ɫʾ̨˵ġ
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գ毺õ٣ʮһɸ̾ôͻôŮأȻԸôһЩ˵ԺĳЩʱҲֱ飬ӣǺȤ
ͻȻʮһоʵʵɱϮŵһ
ۣ
ڶ̫ͻȻʮһĶͷǰϣ֮ʹǰĸкͿͷ
ûû£СĴ˸˯ʮһֻ˵֮ǰɱϮķ
ֻ̨ȴʲôҲûʲôҲûһ㣬һ֮ǰǰ㰲Ȼ
ҪҪôݣҲǲСһ£ʮһ뷢ŭģת˲뵽Լ֮ǰ뷨ֵҲȥ
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´ٸ룬ԻڣʮһҪ֮ʱȴһһ뷨ΪҪʵ֮ϣûʵһжǰΣ
ʮһסˣ仰ʲô˼ôͻȻ˵ôĪĻ˵Լʵ˾Ϳ
ĳںܰ˸кʮһżĽ̸
ҲܺغܰʮһȻɻȴȥǣ֪ŮǧǣֱֵսֵŮˣ̨£
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ܿ죬˳ƽ԰һԺǽԣͣú󣬼˳
ԭл̨ҪôԽȥȴû뵽ֻ̨ؽżأ˱Ʈٳһ㣬ڼ֮ǰԽΧǽ


110 
һ̳ʮһоǾˣԭƯŮô
ҲֻṦ˰οԼ
˷׷빫԰ڲʮһĿص
һһעΧھĿĵػж׵ʱʮһͣתк˵ŰɣԽĿԽأǶ˻ϵӰ졣
˵ʮһʹ˸ɫʾ
е˵ͷͳһԣ״æ˵Ҫһȥڸһܱܿķͺˣ
֮߬ǰʮһŷ˵
ʮһҪܾԺȴ̨µǸŰɣܰæ
ʮһһ£ͷͬǺðɣʲô⣬Ͻ·һŷ󣬱תǰȥ
žĿͤԽԽ¶ҲԽԽͣͤǰʱʮһоһ˿⣬ͷһ۸кֶҲЩ䡣
תһԵ̨£ȴǷֺо¶ȵ½һ㡣
þпΧ˵
ϵĵȻˣһ˵
ԣⲻͨİһһİûκεĳԶֵϵĳûУʮһһ˵
ͻȻʲôƵģתͷһԵ㻹ǲǵǰǰʱ߹С·Ͽʲô
ʮһʻǶҰսŮԼֲעⳡϵ£ɵЩգ˵ҰսŮ
ˣǶŮĽܴ󣬰˵ǺԶӦþȴߵ뿪ʱҲǿߵſڣĽкģ֮ǰҾһֱֱ֣ղŲ֣
ʮһ϶һĻɫЩصļ˵ԭѾˣģֻйΪѾֲܿˣ
ϴԸ㶨ֻкֹ۵Ц˵
ֻùΣµʵ
ֻйҪԶֻùǿҲŽǿԵţʮһ˵
ϴ֮ǰˣӹΣǲϴֻˣЦǺǵʵ
˵ûУһֻ첲ܵˣʮһЩΣôȴûֻܹ
йЦϴʴȲֻһֻ첲ҪǻҿܾͿˣ
еĻʮһҪҸضȥ
ϴˣҪͻƵĻ㶼ϴˣ̨˵
ôֵĿңϢǸͻƵļ󣡡̨¿ʮһһۣ֪϶ڿ
ۣϴͻˣʱʮһˣ
ŵĶʮһ˵ȻֻǸùǿô౶ڸô죿
ùʵ֪ģʮһʱĲ״Ҳ֪ģºǵġ
Ҳ֪ҼȻΪһʦոЩô֮ʮһҡҡͷðһ˿ᶨ飡
ϴͦ㣡һʮһǰ
Ҿ͵Լһأ˭ҵĹأ˫۽ʮһ
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˵Цأʮһ̨˫ۣϣһ˿ߡ
ҴЦ̨ĿתϿκα顣
ֻһУ㿴ˣպа̨µʮһԺУ
ɻ󣬿ˣ̨ٴδ
˵Ǽ٣ʮһѡһΡ
̨ӰƮɫ񽣴һɫƥʣͤȥ

̨ȵң˲ɵøе
˲Ϣ֮䣬ɫƥնͤϣһ̶ļдһðź̵Ӱֳ
ʮһ̨һ֮Уƺץʲôƺûץָоַ·ǧֻĸо
Ȼ̧ͷȥ´󾪣ⲻǡھйĹ
ȫڣټⱾǵظ֮ǿֵĴ
ֻһԵĽ֣ȫӡйӡ
ּĹھҲûϸļأֻ˵ƷĪ֮У
ԼƷʲôЦ
ܣǹʮһļ֮£æ̨´
Ҫ̨ܵԾǸ
ʮһͻȻԼĸǰĵĻعͷȥȴǷֶ˺ûпһУ


111 ͨ
ǱҸˣڻǲ֪ĺą̃µٴδ
κιϸΪҪڿУг˷ŭ

̨µĻںŵʮһҧͷҪҪôֱӣһǹŭ˿զ죿һ򲻹ҲǸˣ
㲻Ҫ̫ţͻƷӡ֮ʱ֮ʱŵĴЦš
Դˣ̨ȴǲϢʱ䣬
ߣţɫһݻһźԶȥ
⻬һĻʮһþòƽղŻŵҪĹǫ̂ˣ
ѵھмصǴģӦðǸʵҪ߳Һ̨ܶ࣬µʵҸôࣿ
ⲻܣСүǾţ
Ǻǣ
̨ºεЦԺУʱ̨¾ȻЦӯӯĿɵЩˡ
漴ӦʵЦʲôǲǿҳ̫˧ˣ
ǲϴεСѵˣҪҴһ٣̨ԾЦӯӯĿֻ⻰ʮһоЩˡ
֪ϴθܵɱŰǧٱģתƻ⣬ͻȻЦʲô
Ц
Ҫǿ㳤ƯŲҷַý㣡ʮһ˵źݻȴֻܰԲˬ
û취˭Լʵ˼أҿƺ˻࣡
ˣԺʵ֮󻹻
ˣҲϣ´ȥһжĹ̨ͣҲʮһһʶһɫ壬ͻȻʧһĤ
ϴ̨ϻϰҿ㣬˾ŮˣʮһոоʵӴȲʹ˹
Ȼû˵ʲôʮһȴܹģôһ˿֧֡
ȿȣЦ˭һܰɢŵǹҳʮһЦһīڵĶվһն£
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УⲻʲôǹѾҵĽˣ׼ȥɣʮһЦһ˵
ðǻȥɣû˼뿴ϴչأû뵽ǹһӾˣ涼û¶ôûϣһӦʮһĻһ߱ӵֹֻй
ǣС֮ܵǰ˵ǹж˵ùڿҸоùܰأҲһһԹһ㲻ͣرԹţ
ʮһƤҲ׼ȥʱԺȴ̨µ㲻⼸߼򵥵ĳһ𣿡
԰ҶԼˣڿԳˣʮһһţȻӣ
ϴǸɶզԼˣкǲʵ
ûʲôֻͻȻûʮһæ͵ȻԼŰû˼ˡ
ҪʣʮһϽ˵׼ĸߵ곬һ£ҲͶ̥ת
ۿϴ㻹أҵúúÿһһէ˵ž˫ֱվһϷӣ
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ʮһʦ֪ôԵľͰѵָˣ֪᲻Ļȥ
ʱ֪뷨̨£Щģеȡˣ

۵һ˲䣬вгҿʮһУæסͣ۾ȴǵɵϴ
һϣֵҪȸǿһЩٱҪȸеƽ
˵ǣʮһ˿ҲǵһοۣȻǰͻᣬ˭û¸Լء
ǰεĸӰʮһһʱ㽫Щһ￴ˣһȺһȺģҪᰡ


112 
ʮһ벻ͨΪССĹ԰ڻôλ꣬ʮֻ
ÿλ֮񿴲һഩԷ壬ûио
ţÿһ궼һֵ˵һʲĳɼ
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Щ֪ʮһ̨µĻ󣬾Ȼ˲ƽľ˫ĶǰĴελꡣ
ȻԼѡ·עҪЩ򽻵ʦˮʦ˵ʿʦһĽ
ôԼӦÿٵӦЩʵˣľȴֻܿԼ
˴ʮһ˫۹۱ǣǹۿڣڹһߣؽԼ״̬״̬
ҪѯʣȴǱ̨һֹˣ
ʮʮ˾ʦ긽߳ߵ꣡ϥʮһͻȻڣ仺³
ֻԭελ꾹ȻͻȻ侲ֹˣʱ侲ֹһ㡣
ʮһ˲䵯𣬾ڰУſвͣػʲôÿ֮ͣ¶һâû֮С
ʱ䲻еʮһָͻȻ͵ͣһ޴ĺڶ֡
ڶĳôͻأ·ԭ͸һ㣬˿ȻվʮһںڶԣԵôء
ж˿һУ֮Ҳֻкˡ
̨µȴǴһ˿οһ˿ˣһ˿ڴ
ٹԹȥʮһȴǴ˹԰ÿ䡣
кؿƮӰһ·ʱȻЦЦŵֱӰγǹԹȥ
Ҳǲһͱȥ治ǵСʵЦ̫ô}ˣ
ЦѾˣһЦ춼ֵˣֻ۾˵۾ɣ龹Ѳ֪ȥ˺δֻʣںںۿۿкʲô
һЦ֮£Ҳ֪ľǣ۲񾭣ۿеĶȻ˳Ȼһֻð̹Ĳ֪ӣĴ˵ʱ·ײһҪȥһ£
Ȼе⣬ȴ
Ҫſ񣡡
ʮһһȣֻٴĬĬǰƮȥֻ֪ĳҲȻ˻ȥ
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ʮһȴüͷ壬Լղĸ꣬Ϊֻ
ƴ꣬ٹҪԹȥʮһٴһ֡
ڣԶƮһСӰֻԿԸоֻһ·Ʈһ·
˾ʮһָյĹϣȣ⣡
ԭƮƴٶԼӿˣʮһոҪһȴͻȻˡ
֮ǰֻŸЦĹͻȻܿƵһȥ
̫ͻȻˣʮһ˲ƴĹ꣬æȥ׷ֻܵ
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ԭֹλٴεҴбƣ׷ŭ۹ȥ
ʮһ̨°æѹһ£̨µȴǴԺС
ҿ԰㣬вڵʱ򣡡
˲Ϣ֮ʮһʹ˽æͷΪνĴ⣬̨˵ĺеܰԼһΣΣĴΣܲһֻԼɣ
Լǿ̨µİд֮ɴߣһѣٰĥųΪ𾴵ģ
ܱλ꣬Լ꿹ĸкˣʮһȻֹͣ׷
һٴλص۴˫ϥ
˿̵ɢĺâһȦĻ¯һ㣬һ̲Ѫһ㡣
âй꾹Ȼӱ꣬ҲǸǿֻܵƴĹ˿Ҳأʮһ
кҲǲΧı仯ʮһҪͬھĽ
˵˿̵Ĺ԰ڣûйĻɱ̨վķԲ֮ڣ̨Ҳǲܵһ㣬ֻôؿŵʮһ
˿̵ʮһ泯ȫһ£˫Ŀգ˫ֺʮȫȥĹꡣ
𣡡
һƳԶĵŴܱλͻȻٴιƽ
ѭȥǴʮһġ
ʱʮһһĹâţ໥ӳ
߳ߵ黯
ʮһһ£еλ꾹ȻŶӰ˳֮ǰĺڶƮȥ˵ĸоСѧѧʱʦһһ·һ㡣


113 ˭
ֻһ׳۵ĳ棬˿̵ȫһ˿顣
ʮֻһŶȥ˭˵ҿ϶в˼Ҫǿһȫβˣ붼˷ܣ
˷ܵʱ򣬸ȴǳ˳ݺԺһֶϴĳݣֵܵԺ
̨ǣһĨЦ⣬һ̵̨˲ֱӣһЦˣֻϧȴûһ͡
˷ܵǣЩλȻһʮһԵĺڶƮȥһ߻ھȻƮһŹ
ȥһŹоȻһŵĹһϵͽһ㣬ʮһķչݣ
ԭ״˿Ҳ·ʲôһ㣬ֳı飬˫һõʱ̡
ƴĹ֮ǰܵĹ꣬˿̾ȻѧʮһĶҲʮһһ߶ʲô
һ̣ҲǸܵδйƽͣоľܰ꣬˷·ȵһˮһ㣬Ľ˲붯
ʱƣλһһڶУλѾԽԽ٣ֻʵĹҲѾ˺ڶȥˣ
ʱеʮһҲѾˣȻڵ֧ӴЩ
֮ͨǰ̸ҲԸ̨֧Ԯ
ѾЩҪ֧Ųס嶼ʼҡҡ׹֮ʱȴٶȴһʮһ˲һᣬʮһȵ滯ޣ
ԭѾΪλ꣬ٴμӿٶȣһµ˺һڿһ㣬˲ʮ㣡
ʱҲѾ״̬˺þƸʬĳˣɾôһ˿ġ
ʮһ֪Ƕ˴ʱ飬һһ١
ۻģȻоģ
оЩҲûô°ǱϴȫϽǸڶУһĵؿʬĳһԵ˵
ͦĵģ͸ղЩ걩ʱΣյ㣬ʱ仹ûùʱأҲЩĵ˵
ˣϴùʱ龰һ£ҲֻģĸȤ
ðǱӦûҪһᣬôɿҲͦĵģ˾ô˵ϣͼӴ׵ùʱһУ
תۼѾʱֵҹսһֻλʮһĺһô۰
εĹƷʱ֪ãոչ̨µ㴫Ժ֮С
ллʮһ˵
Ǻǣ̨Цһ׼ȥ
ιҲҪǫһ°ɣʮһЩ˵
Ŷ̨ôƮƮĻһ仰
ϴ㳬ЩˣĵȻĸˣֱʮһŷ֡
Сܵܣ깤ǰɣڿ뿪ˣҲһڴʵ
ʮһһĺڳȼλ꣬Ѿģǲ۵ѣȴһͷӡ
ȥɣ绰ӷҵûУʮһ߱˵
ϴǵַ֪𣿡ʮһ˵꣬о͸Ӳȥ˵绰Ƭ̺ӵϢ˹
ĵַʮһΣֻ֪λģȻֲ꣬ͿݵģôÿС֪Ǹ
С֪ϳɣǹȥֻһ˵
ѵԭûдǻȥʮһһɻĿ
ȻûаԼ򳵻ȥ㻹Ҫȥ׼أһɵı顣
ֵʮһˣҹиǴ򳵻ȥһȲô죿
ûʣ֮һ䣬ȲʲôϵһֱȰܵȵ
ϳʮһ̨ں棬ڸʻ˭Ҳû˵Ϊˡ
ʱû֣ϳȴ۵ò˵ϾǶݵսҲǲ
ҪרĿһ˵ɾͽˣ
ʮһ̨£޳ܵ߰Խأ
㵽˭Ϊʲô֪ô࣬ǸôˣʮһȻǱĿ״̬ȴ̨¡
Щ㲻֪֪ʱȻ̨֪Щɵļᶨ
ʲô֪Ҿ;ܾ¼㣡ʮһеĴһ˿
Ǻǣ
ǺʲôΪҲῪ㣿ʮһһһٵ˵


114 ټ
ᣬֻҪ֪Ҷûжˣ
ûж⣬Ҷ֪Ŀģʮһдһ˿
ߵʱȻߣĺˣ̨Ļдһ˿ˡ
ʮһתͷȥ̨ҲڿԼĿ㣬·𴫵ݳǧ˶û˵Ҳûʶ
ֻضţֱһ̶ɲֹա
ҹĺᴩ·Ŵ⻺߹Ӵ
̫ûòˣᴩ·˵һԲģٴοСֹš
ʮһ˵漴Ҫ쭣æ׷һ䣬ȻҲ㣬һжң
ô͹ֵˣӺӾаʮһһۡ
ĹңΪҸǶ˻۷ûʧʮһ͵
˺ᴩ·۷һëǮϵ̫ǣǿˣƲƲ˵
ԼشԵļһ˵ͨˣʮһͷת˵У֪Ϊʲô𣿡
֪֪ϴ˵һǶԵģնĻشʮһǼָж
ʲôֵܣֵܣʲôҲǶǴѡ֧㣡
һˣм˵ǹˣ
鶼ƭģֻл㲻ģʮһоȻͬ˵
˸ǼĬ˵У
ϴ󣡡
¾һֱûκα飬ƽĿǵ̨¶ǲüͷ
½㣬ǶˣԺҸɣ˶ĵӣɵǫ̈˵
Ǻǣ㻹ǻ˰ɣʮһԵĸо̨µļ΢΢һ£ԭҲµİ
̨бһʮһµĶ¶ģ
Ժ̨´ĻʮһЦЦһֿĵЦݡ
ιûˣȻЦôڿʮһЦݺܲ˶ˣ
ǾĽ֮飡ʮһ˵˵
ҿҲǣʣкǸ͵
ǹˣϽ֮ǰĻ˵Ȼұŭһֻǹŭ˵
ʾͼ£Ȼ߳ŭˣʮһƲ죬漴ǹеˣæΣ˵ʵܺ⣬Ϊǵͨڣܿε˼Ĺ֣ղǸ˾һֻʹ㲻ͣһֱȥҲκ飡
һºʮһ˵ңղֻողȥͶ̥û˵ĻʹҲΪڸ˵
ҷôԴʶܼ֮أͨʲôʱʧҿɲһֱһ˥ģ˸عͷʮһ
ԼаʱɣҲһСʱңʮһһʱ䣬ţƣɲ
֨£
һ̶ļɲӻȥ׺ͣײһĳ
ƿײϵλ˾ŭ
˭Ҳϴ˾ȻôûײѾģðˣ
ۣ
ʮһ㱻Цˣײȷʵֱӳ֮Ҳǻܵͷİұʲô
ϡԶȥĳڴҪǸʮһţͰϾ׷ȥҪǱⱩ׷ȥԻǸ
Ȼܵģֹţ̵ˣһžͲȥ
ϺǣǸߵСأСܵܺǮ𣿡СſںһСִȤ
ļС
С֣ʮһֹһ˵ǸǮ
УģNɪʲôǲĴ
ʲôСģƾԼ׬úðɣʮһǲķ˵ôȥͣ
Ϊ㲻ȥûſǸɵýϽѹһվ
ˣأµ绰˵
ʱ䲻Ϳһ޴ĺӰÿ֪ɣ
ǣһסˣллˣſں󣬵ݸһֻ̺Ц˵
ӹ̺ܵĿ˳һֵۣ˸ƣʾԷˣ
ۿ˵ͣҿܳôңСǲ
ͣú󣬼˸¥ÿֻһģ򿪵ֱӾסķţ
ɵ칫һǾ¥


115 ߻ħ
磬ڻˣҵķӺ䷿أǷ˵㣡һţʮһ͸оӭһ壡
ÿôҲֻˮһˣ
ʮһûк˼˫ȥԼϣȥ
ܿиܴشҳҲϷŰʱһ㣡
ң䣬һȺɳϣ
磬˳ҸоǳȥþðˮСԴʵ
ʮһˮСԴ˵˳
ʵֻ֪绹ǻ£ûа취ֻճһǿֻΪ̨ʵɱǹΪ룡
㲻Ҫ룬ֻڲٳΪ˼䣬ڵĵ֮ڳ嵽ƷʦĵΪҲһ㣬ʱӦÿһս̨µٴδʮһԺС
ȻƷоеȣʮһ֪ĿǰΨһİ취Ҳֻôˣ
ˣֺ÷𣿡ʮһʵ
ֺˣߵһ䣬ǵڶ䣬и䣬̨ڸǼ䣬ӺݺҪסһסſǼˣˮָһ顣
ǻȥպһﻹһշʮһתͷһŵ
ʮһһ˵һǵһʱ䵽˾ͻȥɣҪҹ࣬ö»Ҫأ
ͬ´绰ǹһؾְɣһЩʮһȻᣬȴһ˿ɣ
ܾģǿʮһı֮󣬲֪Ϊαͷͬˣ˵绰Լͬ£
½½ԼȥˣϾʱѾˣٹһɫˡ
ֻʣʮһţȴͨʧЧҲڵȴͬµĵ
ŷŰɣаģʮһоеóһŷ
Ҳӹ˵⻹࣬ͬµˣҪҪȥ
ô˵ˣʮһ˵ͬ⣬¥Сſڡ
ϳˣСܵܣлİæˣк˳ڡ
ʮһ⿴һ³ڿ࣬һͷžĶ̴磬üꡣ
ʮһҲͷˣ˵ͷ˵˵лͿˣлҳԷͺˣ
ԷȽǮòãȤһֹϳţ漴ǰȥ
صʮһɵԼĴϣ˫۽Ժ컨壬Ž췢顣
һԼӵõھΧԼһ顣
Ŷ೤ʱ䰡ԼȻѾƷʦˣ֮ǰǸߵ˵ƷʦҲӦһλˣοԼ
ҵ֮ǰԼǸΪҵȥδӷأԼѾϰˣһЩĶò̾
˺þ֮ʮһóһۣԭԼǸŰǵ֮ǰǸ߶ô˲ƷʦԼôѾƷʦˡ
ţʮһȻЩƮˣȻǰ崫һ˿ů⣬ɵһ飬Լôˣ
ôͻȻƮƮȻأ¼æĬľ
ٷ顶ھԭ򣬰֣֮ԼΪΪ̫٣¸ˡ
ԶȶԼںͻ

̫ôΣˣ߻ħҪصͻȻ䷢һů⣬ǲ밡
ٴοһ£ȻûȻɵٴźá
󷨱һһأؼ汸
̧ͷȥɫѾˣɵҲͲ˯ˣڴĬĬ
һһ˫ɫڵ֮ǰص·С
һ֮ʮһһ˫ۣͫãָ
ۿѾҪͷʮһ׼ȥȻȥһȦҲþûжˣ
贩˶ʮһ¥£򵥵Ļһֽţ׼ܼȦ
ϴҲдӺܳһϲĿʮһ
ǰþöûˣҲܣһɣʮһǸУҿӦǸԼһҲܲģ
ðһܼȦ
һСſȥһеûš
һ·СŶһС԰öĴү衣
У£Ҽʶһʵʮһ峿ĳ·СϻдŵľӨ¶˵
ϴ´㣡һ߿ŵЦţһ߻ζŸ첲


116 ս
Сӣϴ͸ſĺʮһǺЦŵͬʱҲڻֽš
ϴǿҪ˵ˣ򲻹ɲйæģðž˵
еĻʮһǺˣԭСڵ³ŵģʰ绹òϰ֣
˵ģлδȭͷѾ˹
ҿСӸңţгʮһǵûлңһ࣬ӭȭͷұһڶŸеҸ±˹ȥ
ϴ̫ˣŽȴȭͷȻǰһ󲽣һСɽһʮһײ
ģ֪Լ̣֮֮ô׾ͱ򵽣ʮһЦţȴǼæһţȻȥ֮յıܹһ¡
˭֪նȥȴǴ̤׷ҽŵŵطϥȻʮһײϴСˣ
Ȼæ֮˫ֺһӭײϥǣȻѹȥ
ײʮһ弱Ʈȥȴк뵽ֿܣżٴεڵϣͻʳһ㣬˫չʮһ
ʮһȥƻδȣҪǲܣ鼱֮Ȼȥƽ̬
ٴ˿յĸйƲͣ˫ȻѹȥֱʮһŶȥ
ʮһ֪һֻӲˣҪڶȻǱ޿ɱˣ֮˫ϳо֮ƣ
飡
ĲԵȣʮһȻµȥȻʮһڳӭӵɲǣѾԤϵˡ
½֮ƣ˫͵صڵϣӲĽӵ˳ȥ
Ҳû뵽ʮһԼĹƣһ£
ѳȥʮһһԼ÷˫ۣ̤ǲŸйȥ
ûȥܣҲȥܣӭŹͶԺȥ
ȻеĶʮһϵҷһ˫ŲȵתһȦ̤ǲƵ˫ֹȴǲ䣬Ÿкȥ
мʮһƵԼȥˣҲתҽ̧˸ߡ
ʮһûϵôһУ⧲֮¾Ȼֽԣ
䣡
һ֮£ǵȥʮһĲͣӡ
۸ȴǵŵŵǰȥ˫ֿסһ˫ܲͣסӣ˫ܶһ£
ʹ˵УΪʲôҪ꼰ϣ
ôһҲܰɣʮһֹͣ˹Ц˵Ȿֵܼд裬ֲɱಫ
ϴȻϴ֮ǰҹôζû˵һ£ϴһ֮Ҷûнûһ㲻ˣĵ˵
ϴ˭ʮһƨЦţжȫȻܴүǾȵĿ⡣
ȥʱ򣬶˲ûܲǻλƵš
ϴղôͻȻܵģҾͿһӰ汦ƵĿʮһ
ѧҿԽ㣬ԺƷʮһЦ˵ԼֵǴӲ׾ģϾֵǿҲġ
Ȼѧˣϴңк޲ھѧϰղŵʽ
֣ô㣬һȥ극ȥ칫Һ㣬Ҳûʲô飡ʮһæֹ˷ܵҪھѧϰĸС
ϴܸѧϰץĹ𣿡˫żڴţ
ѧҪͷ˵Ҫȸ㣬һ·һ̤·ͲлͷĿˣ㲻ѧҲǿԸһץģ
ϴҲ·ǲǲ·Ҿ㣬Ҳ֪ΪһôΣҸнһϴһϴ󣡡нʮһĵ˵
Լδζ֪пĳһͻΪ·ɥȻһϴҾҸʮһ˵ĲϣԼֵܵκ˺
ʵʮһԼ֪ΪλԸôͶԵʶûãҲǺܶ࣬ȷʵ֪Ϊλôϧ
ϴһɥĻҲںͲαػҪ˼ôأЩ
ʲôҪ˭ûעǣѾ֪¥£ߵĴ
ӰҪһ𣿡ʮһб۾ӿŵӼææܽݣվһŶ˽
ˣҾͰһһһ̸㣡ʮһɫ˵
õϴҾˣʲôʱңǿס˵


117 ˮ
ͱˣѧ֮ǰҪѧЩ˵ɣʮһƳһ۸Угӣûѧ߾ܣ
ϴ˵ʲôأҪ̹𣿡һߣʵ
ãʱн㣬ҽץ۱۶ǹʮһֱӾһ߹ȥ̫֪ӵĵˣȥץǸȥˣ
ϴڻȥץҸиѧһ㹦ˣһСʲôģֱѾģһ߼˵һֽŻȻţѶӳȥ
NɪˣһȫˣʮһʵǿȥˣһĵӼϡ
ϴھʹѹҰɣҺ͸߸ѧ˹ҵһд裡һС˵־ӡ
ʮһûЦιȥ㻹д裬Ѿǲ֪еĹ˭̵ǰɣ
ҲǾúЦҪѣȴǱʮһֹˣãҵ㣡
ϴ˵İڵģ߸֤ʮһĻ󣬸ӵˣæ˸֤ˡ
˸˼Ļص䣬ˮݺѾڵˡ
̨µҲڣֻһڶԺſȣʾͣ
磬иʲôȥ˰ˮһ߸ʮһŰӣһʵ
һȥ֮ʮһ˵ȥˣ
оеҭһ˹˺ȥ
һ㣬û˸ˮĵ˵
һԵĸӣݺг˼ʣ˼óֺÿֻչˡ
ǿʲôʰˮС۾һɣĹĵɨһۡ
һԣ껹Ҫȥأǵþǵȥʮһʱĳ˵
ϴҾӦһˣҪȻ̫鷳ˣ󣬸Сʮһ˵
ɣ̫װ⼸˾У̫æеˣʮһֱӾͰ½˸УǮǶҲˡ
УеͷӦ󣬱ֱתȥˣʮһˣҪҪô
ûаʱĵģÿ˶ںܻΪ˴ŬȻʵ֤ûһõ;ŬҲûжõģ
һ£иӦûȤĵʮһԺͻȻ̨µŵϵ
ܲܲôͻȻߵ̨ߺʮһСرԹ
֪ʱһľͷ𣿡̨ûʮһĻͻȻ˵ôһʮһ˵ĪĻ
ľͷʲô˼ʮһãȻʵ
ûʲôҾԺͽľͷˣ̨¸ֱͣӾöʮһĳƺ
ҿ浱ƢǰɣʮһӦ֮СƢûѹƲס
ǺǣһϢ̨ȴֱӽתʮһ
ʮһҪΪԼĳƺȡһ£ȴڿĻ۾ֱˣ
15ţٰһ̽ᣬùھ߽һԪǾʮ򣬼ʮǰʮÿׯ԰
̽᣿ʮһֹš
ֻҪҪչķһȥ˰ɣʮһһ˵
Ϊֻһμ򵥵̽𣿡̨бһʮһ˵
ô˵ʮһʵ
̨¼˵ҵõϢǣׯ԰ϰڣҲᣬ߷һЩֵ飬иνķˮʦˣ˵Ҫһ̽ȥһЩ飡
ʲôеû˼ʮһеãȻĿ̨¡
˼ҲҪȥμӣˣʱʹ𣿶һҪȥΪ¸Ǹùйϵ̨Ѿ̫ˣֱ˵ʮһȥɣ
ֻùôͽȥأֻ𣿡ʮһɻĿ̨¡
㻹ֻ̨µͷʾͬ
ȷ㲻˵ڲµ𣿡ʮһˣôǰ˵Ĳһأ
Ҳֻ˵ǿʲǫ̂ºܲε˵
ҡ
ʮһģҪǿ̨ǸŮˣһȭȥˣأһˣǲܶܲ
ģ㿪ЦѣֻȥģֻļСܶѣ̨¾ȻЦһ˵
ʮһһѾںԼ̨¸ˣˣĶ̨ЦӣԼЦˣҲڣ˭
һ̣ʮһȥ޷˵ĳֽȥɣ
ˮˣ
ѾƮצ۹ʮһ̨µĻæȥĨһ°ͣԼȻֱƭˣ
ȻԼƭʮһûֻɵǺǵЦš


118 й
ôǼô˵һԼĿɣʮһΧ˵
Ҿǿȥһ£һ˵
磬Ҳǿȥһµģ϶ǹھˮЦ˵ţھѾʮһˡ
ϴǾÿͨһºͼһÿ˵ԺҲñÿ˽Լسг˼һ˵
ݺô˵ʮһתͷݺ
ϴģݺһ˵
ǺãȻҶͬȥǴҾͱμӣ15ҲǺ죬ֱǰׯ԰ȫȥҪĿǶһԼ˳øھ׬죡ʮһܽһ£ľ
ϴ⻰̫ˣϲĴЦţ
˸磬ղܿ绰˵ȥ͹㣬һˮһŹֵĿʮһ
ҵģһ𣿡ʮһɻʵ˵Լûʲôʶ˰ǽܿҲӦʶ˰
һģܿ˵һһŮϴ׽ʱҲˣǸŮ˵ŮʱʮһԸоˮеɺͺ档
֪ˣǸŮǵ𣿡΢һ£ʮһ֪Ķ˭ˣһһŮӦǶԹˣŮٻѾͷԼʶŮȥģҲֻˣ
֮ǰϢԼи߹ҲԼȥѾͷôûҴ绰أ
óֻŪ˰죬ֻȻˣǶˣҲ֪ʲôʱ򱻴ģ
һǸùŪƵģڵģ´һҪ⳥
ǸŮأҪȥ𣿡ˮмһ˿˿⣡
ǰǸϵһãҲǻΪѣʮһʵش𣬶׼¥ȥܿĴ˹ݡ
Ҳȥˮһ׷ȥ
ϴҲȥݺһû¸ˣҲȥˣ
ҪԵ̨ⶼȥˣ
ȥɣе³ȥһ£ʮһѯ̨ʱõĻشġ
ۿ߸ô̫ˣ¥Ժӿǰĳŵľ
ֻ˵յʮһҪһҲû¥ڿǰĳеֻʮһ⣡
ӳ뼸ǰһؿСϼʻϯһţװ¸߸˵ǲ⡣
Ҫ⳵ˣʮҵļ۸ʮһְ̫ˣԼһ˵ܶ
ϻԲϳɣʮһһӣ˳ڣ
ˮ˳Ҳһ棡
ݺһҲϽڡ
кЦĿ˶һۣ˼ʻ˾
ò˵еĿһͨȻԿĦһڳȥ
߸磬⿪Ҳڲӵʱѧ𣿡Щ³ٵӣеĳѯʵ
ЩΪֱյģʲôҪʻֱɻҲһкȻ˵
һ·ݺﲻͣдӵ£ҲǰѲҪܵĶǡ
һŵʮһˮȫûκιϵΪʱʮһڱˮϷС
磬ǸԺ᲻᲻˰ˮһСţһСʮһĴĦš
磬ôܽŵӰ˵䣬СѾĵʮһɲ˵ţп㣬ִлǺǿҵģ
ˮôأһǿãʮһǿеĳ嶯С˵
磬зӦŶˮ˵䣬СĦš
ʮһûзӦСôҡ
ı֣ǿӰ첻ãʮһ˵
ҲںֻҪ־ͺãˮ촽С־Ȼ֪ʱ굽棬ʮһ˸Ӵ
ʮһ˵һ㶼֣Ÿܣ
һ߱ˮòţһŬԼȥ֣ԼסһԼˣˮһûס߳ˣ
ԼνǿȻʮһĴֻǲ͵͵˹ȥ˵ʮĴȣһһԴȥ
ܽӴ֮ˮҧ촽ϵĶˣ
ʮһˬĲƷ֮ʱȻһɲŵöæûظԵ֣
ԼϵľӨʮһЦſһˮʵ𣿡
ϴ󣬰ѳֱͣǰӦû°ɣϴʻɴĻص


119 ٻ
³ʮһ͵͵Ľڿϲ˲׼͹ȥʱȴ˵ϴˮӣզô찡
̫ˣˮͷҲص˵ֱ͹ڶȥ
ȷʵ̫ˣʮһҲš
ӲĿ˸ݺһۣ𣿡
Ӧðɣ
Ҳ͹ȥ˲ɵˣ
ֻڣʮһһһ˶Ůһǿ˿ѷɫˮŮ
ʲôϴߵŮҲ̫һ˰ɣ
ʮһ磬绰ôͨˣٻˣʮһϵٻ
ȿȣֻˤˣٻҸһ⼸ˣʮһҲû뵽ٻô飬ĦûеõйٴҪȼͷ
ǸУӣݺʮһһһܵˮã
ٻкˮȻǸãûѪԵϵİٻã
𣿡ٻһȵʮһ
ǵģˮȻҶҵģ֮ȴûκѪԵʮһ֪ˮΪʲôҪڸٻһģ
ʮһͷСѾͷ͵͵ĵһ˵ȥˣʱʱĻͷ͵Լһۣ
ܿ㣬ҵǶŮ˵ʲô𣿡ܿʮһЦŴк
˵㣬Ҹˮ绰˵ֻػˣȻǶŮͰҽ㣡ܿһºóһͭӸʮһ
ʮһӹӺȻܿлкһ˾׼뿪
ĳϣʮһܴѡ˸ʻӺݺ档
һģʮһȵʵ
ǰˣʮһˮ˵㿪˼̽ҿɲְøҹʵģٻЦ˵
㲻Ͽε𣿡ʮһͷٻ֪Ѿͷôġ
ֲǲ֪ѧûôΣֲеĿζһҪȥģٻʮһһ׳հ
ǺðɣԺ͸ˮɣҪʱĻĻҲȥһ£ʮһ˵һ󣬾תͷȥΪˮѾͷĿ
һ·ŮߴߴҲ졣
صʮһѸнеһߣʼǲͰƷ
´ʮһǰѿھ߸
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ʮһѾʼԼҪҪʱڱˣ
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ˮţȴǱٻˣʮһ磬Ǹи˻ٻĻӵд


120 һ
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121 С
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125 
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ˮҪ˵ʲôȴǱٻסˣܸܵʮһģˮȥ
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129 
һѳԵȫŽڵĿռ󣬼緹ׯ԰ȥ
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130 鿪ʼ
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⼸λҵѣУˮٻӺݺ
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132 Ǳ
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133 Ѫ
Ǻǣλǹȥɣ߹Ǿ͵үסĳǱˣܼЦЦ˵ǰȥ
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һֱΪׯ԰ͳǱֻŷ޲ŻУû뵽Ҳῴ۽һ˵
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ܼһǰţһ߸˽š
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ǿǿ˲ˣ˵һ֪İɣʮһҪ˵˿Ϊ顣
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ʮһۿȥһ£нԱеıֱվԼĸλϣеȴǣŲ֪ĴڵѲš
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ܼ˵֮󣬾ʾһԵڶԱǰ
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134 Ǯ
󼦵ʮȪˮƿʶһԵķԱ˵
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ҷﲻǶԳƻأһ֮˵
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ǵϴ֮һķԱͱʱȥƵƸģΪľǲκ©к˿ˮš
һԵİʺĿһʮһ˵ܱôûʶ𣿾Աÿ鹤ʣٸԱһ²İĲÿ³۸ͻջضٲƸ˼ÿ²£뼸ǧ룬Ǯ˵Щǲᶮã
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135 
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136 ҽ
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ܶٿô֮еѡ˱еѡ˶ʮһȴǴƾɵľưɣƵŷȥ
ţʮһȻһңҿİƺʱ棬ɨһһȫַ֣һϴּ֮⣬òƾûбĶˡ
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߳Һ󣬴ȺʮһͣһȷǰͷһȵĴ̺˼ƿš
ӳʮһĶеǷѽ⣬ܴ󣬴ʮһƽӣȵȴұڣë򣬱ȡ
ʮһѽôྫʱȥЩôЩʲôΪǮ̫ࣿ


137 ʵ
תһȦ֮ʮһŶһ䷿ȥƿӳһŵĵԣҶֺеĴƨɵĵԣҪСĿ¶ûֵԡ
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ʦҲ°Сǳ˼ʶˣʲô赲Ҳ֪ǿԿ϶кмĶǷʦרа˲µ󷨣󷨲ǹȣҲһӰ죡ССС죬һº˵
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ǴʦʲôҪ𣿡СЦеĿʮһֻЦʮһ֣ΪҪԼ±أѵǡ
ȿȣС񰡣ȻҲ⣬ûİȻ˵ʵϣһûǸʮһΪǵĽš
ʦ˵ʲôСЩʮһĻСԵúǷѽ⡣
֪˵Σû취֪ȥʮһСӻΪǲ˼˵ڡ
ʦСĲ˵ʲô˵һ𣿡СʮһĻ󣬸Ӳˣô˵ĻĪģ
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ʦ̫̫ˣ˵Сû뷨С뷨ҲοСԾԼ䲻㣬СһɾˣС񼤶ؽţʮһ˵Ҹղ֮ԿΪˣǶĹĵ
ʮһСĻɵͷȥ˲ˣϽŽϣֻԽżԽǻңļ֮¾Ȼеһ˿⣬۵ʮһֵϴ󣬼æ߰һ²ǹš
СôԼûκ˻ΪǼ¶б뷨ģʮһεİοС
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ʦȸһ𣿡С˵ƿԱߵһţһշӣëûС
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138 ˧
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ǺðɣҪ֤Сһ㣡ʮһ߽˳ֽŴϡ
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ʮһĻ֮۾͵һ԰㲻˵һˣҽҵĶԼʲôˣƽ׬˶ʮŶȥԺҪȥѪƴ


139 
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ʼһȭ֮ûյЧϥʮһǰȥ

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ô𣿡ʵȭŷΧ֮ʮһڳһװʵ
үģãԺҿ㣬Ū㣡һ󣬱תߵһߵ
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˴Լа֮ãǻɿڣűԼҧѪֱۣɵĲ˼
Ҫȥһ£ȴǲʹʮһһ졣
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140 
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㣬ҧɣȴİѽ׵ֱֱ쵽ʮһߡ
㵱ģҧȥֻ첲ɾҵˣʮһ˵
ҪˣȻûʮһĻȥĸ첲ȴǲջء
ΪѪҧ˾ҵˣֻ첲ȻҲͻҵˣʮһЦ˵ȴƿֱۡ
õģѰģˣôûˣҲʮһˣˣЦһ֮ʵ
ʮһһ̧ͷĴһ˵֪һû֪ȥˣӦò·ɣ
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ǰб˫ֱסʮһĸ첲ԼǰͣҡΣСܵܣͰ˵ԽиæǾ33ˣˣ
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ٻңʮһ磡ʮһٻģæһֻץסҪԼ֣һ߽ѡ
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ʮһеĻǰ߾ȻʶǸ֮ǰ10ţû뵽Ȼˣʮһеһ˿ԻȻսԼ֪ܹһɱģǱھԲᳬһ֮
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ǧҪ£һҪȵһῴģʮһ²ͣȴڼת


141 ֵ
ԭʮһǾ仰ʲô˼ҪϽҵʲôȻ˵ҪԼԼԼֲɵԼôˣǰ˸ôԼ˵һ˹ȥ
ԺеֱȺϵŰѣæó֤ǹֹǰ
·
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ѵ¶ߣȻǵĿĶƮΪβһأǰĿҲͬģǸһУʮһɫĶŰ˵ûУϵ廹Ǹ͸ģκֲ㷨𻵵ȱʧοӦܲⷨҪǷǿܶ౶
ҸһҲҪҵϴ󣡡ΪԼȡĵߡ
ˣҪǲҾͺд˵ʲô˭㵥ʮһмĿһ۰ʣͻȻɫӿֳһ˿ҺпҪһǣҺһ𣿡
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ԤиѱļˣҴ֮󣬾ֱϾһŶʵӦÿõʮһջŰʡ
ʳĬˣ˵ʵƯҲȷʵˣȻһ޾ÿįҸ˵˵ʱȴǷûһ˵ģҸԼ־ͬϵҲʵ졣
ãҰʾһѣһº˵һϾȥ췭ظ
һȥүģһֻȭͷ˵
үģʮһһͬȭͷȭͷڴ˿̱һ
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ˣҾҲҪԥһ˵ԽǸоľ棬Խ֪öҪһķ
ʮһͳȥĶûջصϰߣʮһһ仰˰ʵĻ
Űɣ磡ϴ󻹿ʲôϴأһ԰ǻ˵
ʹɵ˵ȴǰΪԼľ


142 ʵСɾ
𣿡صֳԣʮһʵ
Ǿ컹ñ𣿡ʮһ鲻ɵ÷һЩ
ôһģʮһİʺǹϵĽǹڶ׼һ仰ǹƣŵΧȫȥ±Ѫ
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ǹ֮ǰǸᣬûд绰֪֣ͨʮһæǰԷⱩĹ
ȻҪһǹ˰ʵĳ嶯ʮһĻǷеǹֻ۾ȴǺݺݵĵ˰һۡ
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˵һ°ɣһΪʲôҪһ𣿡߱ʮһǼǺޡ
ȿȣõģΪȥӽһȴû뵽̫ƻˣʮһεĽţɫ˲亮æ˵һҪ˵ǣô˵㻹㶯ǲ֪ģΪҸֱӸҴģ
Ĳ֪۾д˻ɺͲš
㻹˽ҵΪ֪һ˵֪ģǲ˵ѻģ֪ϵ˶ʲô𣿡ʮһһĶʵ˳ƳʵСɾľˣ
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143 ıʼ
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144 
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飡
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ۣ
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ԭǳű˵һ˲䣬ʮһ˶Էĺɫ¶Ϥס


145 ˮ
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146 
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ŮͷûзʮһӰʱѾ֪ԼϵˣҪڻȴûлˣΪʮһĽѾϡ
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ǺǣǶֵʱӦ뵽ˣʮһ˿̸һֻߣ³˵Ĺâ͵ػӳ˶Ůļϡ
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147 
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ԼֹѪʮһһǰ˿ڣһڵϣŬԼȥȴԾɳ֮Ŀڡ
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Ȼ䣬ʮһͫױһһ˫ɫɫ۰ɫȥΪĹ졣
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֮ǰƿ˵ĶӾȻһһָ˫Ȼ쳤ŷʮһץȥиһŨŨɢŶĺɫ壬Լʮһ
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飡
һ̶ײڵ˫ֽؿϣʹʮһԴֺʮһҪǰȥҲ졣
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з·һ㣬ѪȻʮһвɢȥıһѪһŲתţ·̺Ѫ
Ȼо˲ѰԼĹȻƴ߶Ž磬ʹʮһΧȫ
Ųʮһĺɫ磬۾¶ǰδеķС澹Ȼһһε˺Լֱﲻˡ
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ʱɫ֮еʮһ·ܴܲԽԽǿѹ˫ɫͫһգգĶеѪ
ͻȻʮһ˫֮ͫ䲻Ͻ棬ѹ֮µµĵƺһ㡣
ٿȻ䣬ʮһ˫Ȼٴιƽ˫ɫҲˣֻϸȥȴǿԷ֣Ѫ֮оȻɫȻ˫ɫ
Ѫħƣ
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ʮһǰɫ羹Ȼһһѣһž֮
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ģٴһںɫҪȶסƣȻԸΥִʮһȻͣһµ
ڲʮһеĽµǽǰ߿·ż˫ɫѪ


149 ɱ
һ뵽ܣظоܣԼܻɢ
ܣҲҪʹҲУ
ڵ⣬ʮһһȣǰ˫ɫѪȻͻȻը˿˲Ϣ֮ɫ߽⡣
Զİʺ͸еһ̣һʢĲɫ̻ѤΣա

һƲѵ糹׵ĻΪУִʮһѪһ̵׼ܵĿڡ
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һӦʵŵʮһҪûҪȥҪʫСͰǣԲԾɷ
ʮһԽԽŭһ

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ϸĹ۲һ֮ʮһϳ·ߣǵûǿŲķ£иǷѽ⣡


150 
Ϊʱ·Ȼϴε˫ɫʱת·ߣ˵Լ֪ԼкôѾĲԼư
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һԼ𣿿ŵǸӣʮһǲмĿ


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㶮ʲôţһҿʺǲмһʮһ

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аûǸ̫ˣǵǮ֮࣬ȥҸطס鿴أⶼҪǮģһܼŵӡ
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ˣȥҰɣҲǼСʱ£ʮһֻתһȥ
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ȴǿһҧԼĸ첲ţʶʮһȴڿҧֹ֮Լ㶵Ŀˡ
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УܵĺǶԽ˵ҲСһӻӳҵģǲм˵ҲټƽʮһĻˡ
ȿȣ㣬ת𣿾Ȼô᣿һԵİ̲סˣ²Լе뷨
ǺǣЦţ˲תͷİʣһžǶŰʵɲ˹ȥ
ŵֱ˶վλϣµĿ
ˣʮһæסҪץס˳Ʒ˵ȥΣյģӦ𣿡
ԼȱʮһץסȻܲ룬ȴûκοܵ뷨˵ұһȥİɣǼҸԼˣǲôģ
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ʺ͸Ҳ˫СϾ֮ǰҲһˣǼֵսûѼ
ҲǲϲˣֻҪû飬ҾͲҲ֪Ǵʲôʱʼϲģ˵ҲҪҲã϶ͻһ·ߵڣϢеʮһͻȻоһů紵ģžʹܵĻ
򵥵һ仰ʮһ߻ħæϢѹеа̧ͷȥȴǷԭĿ˿СЩε
ҵŮ˶к³ģÿһŮ˶ǣԭΪҿԸıֹƨۣȴԼ̫ԴˣʮһЦţ˵ţ͵ֻõ
㿴鷳𣿡۲תʵ
Ҹ㽲һҵĹ°ɣʮһ̾һԼˮԼٻ֮䷢ȫȻ˺ˣʮһҲûټ
ЩԼȻ̰ĵֵزҲ֮ǰԼȻһлʶôŮпܸôŮ
ʮһЩȻûʮһеıߣʮһϣƽĿ
˵ѡ˻ǿԵģҲģǵһˣȻ֮ǰһҲؿȫЦʮһ߶
˭ʮһͷ
Ǹ˾ңֱ׳Ļؿʮһ
ôᣬԭʮһаЦţ¶һ˿Цݡ
ȻҺԼ۹⣬һҪʱȥûʮһĴȤɫ˵
ΪһˣҵȻϣһ𣬱ϾҪҪģΪһˣҲŲһкͷϵŮ󶼻ᱻۣʮһ̾Ϣ˵Լʵ뷨
ֻҪһˣͲвϲĻ𱬣毺õŮο˵Ҫһ


159 ̫˰
ܲһûԼҪҪҵξҽˣҲûһ£̲סһʮһͬʱĵһʮһĸ첲
ʵ˵ģԷΪֹֻһˣǾҵĳҲϣϲңһ޵ֻ㣡ʮһһ£˵
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ʮһƲûм˵۾һ˶
һҹ޻תۼ𳵾͵վˣһ˻𳵡
ϳɣҴҸõ꣡⳵ĸʻ˽ȥֻܼ֮ںţ
˰Сʱĳʮһᵽ˾ļ࣬ôܸһ𣿴ϵľҪǸ߷·
ȥǵطԶ̲סʮһ򸱼ʻѯʡ
ŵˣôϻҲ֪ôˣͷҲûؾǺʮһһ䡣
ʮһίвţ椲˰ɣʮһĲˬȴǻ˰ʺ͸е˷ܡ
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ڳлһСʱͣһʮ·ڣ˳ǰȥ
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˾͸һ䷿ʾȵ죬ֻüë켷һˣ
㻹Ҫ䣬ҲûˣŭĵеУŭǷǣ
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׽֪Լ̫ƽˣҲûа취˵ĽṹǲͬģҪȥһ̩ͻȻת磬ֻ⻰ȴôôҩζʮ㡣
ҹҪǸұ֤һڵģתʮһһۺɫ˵㲻һŭİת⳵ˡ
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ʮһֱӽ׸˰ʡ
סһ䣬˵أʰһ۸к󣬱˴һ˹ȥ
ǸѣûѣڳϵʱİɣȻһЩ鵣ĵʵ
ðϷƭأʮһͷҲصߵһŴϣŸͷ׼ȥܹˣ
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һ˯Ķ㣬˯ǰһֱսľĸУȻڻҲСһ£ӲôֵùĴأ
ۣ
һ󼱴ٵʮһԺ˸ͷȥǱߣȥ
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֮µĸһ˯ۣиӦһ£ˣˣǨô
򿪷ŵһɲǣоͱһƵһԣֻһӰ˽ôŶţֵǣֻȻҲ
ߵĿһ۸УֽĿɨϵˡ
˯ˣδѵ˵
ȥҽһˮͷҲصķԸĸС
ȸжϵ˾ȻͬһʱĿ
̫˰ɣʮһһͷ˫ֱűǰʵ
ڳôһСܵģʮ֮ϴϣҳȥˣ˿ܶǷѣһӶһ仰һԵɳϾĿֱ
Ӻ󣬼˾ϴּȥò˵˵ϴٶȷʵҪŮ˿ܶ࣬ʮӵʱѾͷˣڴϾؿŶ
˵һ°ɣȥ˭ʮһһžһȼ֮һ֮˵
ȥҸף̵ػص
̫˰ɣһû׼أ˵һûдӦʮһöе̣˫Ŀ͵Ŀ


160 ִ
үҪҪôҪһϹ˲Żῴ㣡ַһյӡ
ѵ𣿡ʮһ촽΢ȴճһ˿ûҪơ
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˼״æϣ˾ƵŲŷѾˣʮһͳֻһ£־ȻûԶػˣӽ˿ڴУʲôƨֻʱûǰùŵǿأ
ʮһкݺݵһĳֻƷƣ
һ·ʻһʮһһ⣬ӺȨһ·ϵĽᾴ񣬿ǰ˾һƽʮһҲÿѯʣԵԼ
һ·ϳԽԽ٣߹հ˹һͬ˾͵һҹ֮һת䣬ͣһɭϵСǰ档
˳ʮһʡоǾסˣСſڵȻǺǹʵ侯һǰһһСĴţ˵ĵλ붼ˣ
˶һ۾ǴӶԷп˳Ծ˭Ҳû뵽ĸ׻һλ٣
ﲻͣ鷳λ뿪һλǹ侯˫ȴǽе΢壡
ҵĳͣﶼ𣿡ǰһվ˫ֲǰ侯
Բﲻͣ뿪ϧ侯Ȼôһ䲻̲Ļ
ŮǾҲʶңϽҽȥ߽ȥͨһúûӣ۾ǰ侯
ǲʶС㣬ܸʶӰɣһԵ˾Ҳ˳ָĳ˵
ϳˣنȫץͽɳ侯ȻΪ
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ҪȻ㸸״绰ɣʮһק˵
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ְ֣ſˣǼŵľȻҽʲô˼ŵ绰Ǳ˵ԼԹ
ŵģӵ绰ߺߵĽֻݸ侯侯ӹ֮˵ǱʾԿŷС
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ҽȥɣһ˵ҪСĵ㣡˻ʱѾǰıȥ
̧ŸϣڱߵǹѾֲˣſа˸أ
ĩľѾˣǼ˽뵱ͥһɲȴǸоһ֮ȫɵøо泩
ڵλϴʱһλʮϵߣȻֻûжû˵ʮһȴǴϸܵһλߵѹ
ֻгھڸλ˲ŻγɣһͨܵӰ죬һЩȻʶľͻŵ̬ӸǲΡΡЩ
ʮһ˶һˣǼıһʦʮһһˮʦʦ
˿Ӱ죡
ְ֣֮ǰ˵ǼѣǸУʣʮһܵһ˵
Ұ֣ҲǾǵгŭŬż˽ܵ
ʮһһԵֵܣƺûҪ˵˼ǰһ˵гã
Ȼƺʮһĳƺܲ۾ݺݵһۣг˵ְ֣֮ǰҸ˵£Ͱһǰɣ
ʮһеǸΪķˮʦгûĻ۾ֱֱĶʮһӸ΢΢ǰ㣡
СӱǣȻгǰ㵼ʮһѹȻʮһûʲôãʮһЦЦƵ˵
ʮһԼӰ죬гһ˿ٴֱʮһ˵ȻǷˮʦô㿴ⷿ䲼ֿʲô˵


161 
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ҪһʮһʵǰСӻһλˮʦһһԼŮе¾޵š
˵ﻹǺܵģרҵһλŵķˮʦԲõģܶģȻڵὫЩˮѧ˵ţλȻ֪ľҪһ˶ܶࡣ
ڷˮѧ˵ǺŵģȻҲͲרҸˣʶܶĸи֣вڷˮĴʦ
ʮһĿһһɨ֮еĸɳԼƿȵȣϵЦԽԽŨǵ󷽵ĳʱǸ΢΢¶һȻصı顣
ʮһıȴǷӦͬʺ͸ȻղŽʱһ㣬·ʮһǷܿһҲһ㣬Ȼһλˮʦô˵ҲһƷʦֻʦȴ
жʮһǱκ˶ġ
ʮһıһŵȴ΢΢һЩҪ˵ʮһĿܾˣ
෴ڿʮһıȴһѵԼⷿ䱻ʲô⣬ɵüͷʵôǿʲôԵ𣿡
гڵһа趼ǳԴ֣֮ſڵ໨ƿףڵҾ߼ɳİ趼ԿóÿһλöǾ׼޿ޣʮһЦЦǶİһ
໨ƿڷŵλǴĶλ໨ƿֻһװƷ裬бƽ˵ãοһǾˮʦӳֹģЧǷǷ
׵İڷλŴţΪۣһ˽һ۾ͿԿһϰڷţ˵Ǽλ
ĸ㣬˵㱾ĻԾ֮˵ڴ˵Ĺ˴棡
ܶ˶֪ˮڼһЩãǼﻹǰ칫ҶᶼһﵽԼԸֻǶЩˮڼôڷţڷĸǶȣЩнģ
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֮ô˵ΪһߴķӣԼģͻȻ䴳һ˵Ļһ˵ͻԭеƽ⣬ҪԭеƽʹҪһЩˮڼЭһЩѹ߻Ҫ󷨴вӦ
йķޣȸ׻䣬ڷˮѧлһޣǱ֮룬ֻǽ󲻺ת̣ˮڼľʣķޣ
ҲǺõ꣬ķǼլǰ칫洦ɼ
Ȼķ޲ڼ߰칫ﶼԵģĸλĸص㶼Ҫĵоģ
Ҫ漰ⶰӵķλ˵֣ڴһλĽܶǲͬġ
ǡλÿԴ߷˵ĲˣˣԵг٣ƽլá
ڲǡλϿʹ÷Ʋƣʱ˲˳Σ˼ȫ
ʮһŻ˵İ趼ǳԴ֮֡
ЦЦʮһĻû˵λİȻȫǳԴ֮ˣѵҸʿǲǿЦ
ǡʮһȻı飬ȶԷ˵㻰һת˵ǱڷŵλȴǴģҴش
˵˵͵һĲ輸ȵҲλˮѧѸڷŵģһӵһڼǸⷿݵĳԼ԰ڷŵģʮһȻ˵ڷŴˣһǴشܲŭ
ʮһԼϰַˣæסʮһ˼ǸҪ˵ˣϻɲģ
ıȣ˲ǹǹڶ׼ˣм˾Ҳţһ°γԼ̺ʾĿǰǹ侯
ȻǹǸôҲǱǼСˣӵĿ侯ǲм
Ǻǣгαش󶯸λأ벻ԣֻùȻ֤㿴ʮһЦЦͬʱʾһԵĸзˣ


162 ǹ
СԣȥλùҿܸҸʲô˵˻֣ޱĶʮһ
ǹеһĻ֮󣬾˸ȥ
ĲʮһһҲںЦǺǵĿʾġ
ӹСԵݹʮһЦеĿһ˲²ҪôʱͻȻ߾е꣬ˤȥ
꣡
۾ɵϴ˫Ķŵ֮ƬлڵʱЩŵľȻ̧ͷʮһҲҪ
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۸ȴΪʮһҪɼܵǰֱ࣬һ粽һԣڶԷδӦʱĲϣ
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гαؼأһѵҲʮһͲںѾòӣŵµƬ˵
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Ϊ˰ʮһϸȥÿһƬۿ˶ߣ
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񲻻Ǽٵİɣİɣпɲ˭ֱ˵ľ˳Ҳûи˵ģҪ֪ԽԽٷֻͨѧֶαﵽԼĵز
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ʮһļٵģеıͲһҪӰʮһĴ£綼һ߹ȥˣ
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Сԣȥɣ˻֣ǹ˳
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163 չ
⻰ʲô˼˵㣡ǿӲ˵
ҿ˭Ҫǿϰֵϣһ룬ʮһбֹټӺǲˬ
֪Ҿ˵ҪǲĻҾͲ˵ʮһֱӲʻתͷһԵ
״æǰʮһĸ첲һ˼˵ʾһ»Ҫָأ
ԼȥȣûӰ죬ܵӰҷŵĸ˵ʮһһ˵ֻûΪ͸ˣ
͵ǰвУҸףôأʮһ֮˵
ͷһۣʮһ̾һ
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С˵ܾû˸ô˵ˣôˣǾ޽У˫ֲš
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СӣȲ㣬ô˵ͲҲӦ׷Ů˰˵
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ȿȣ׷Ůʮһûһ㣬ʵʮһǲԼĻͷֻ۾Լ׷ˣ
ѵС˵ˣһ䣬ֱ׳ӡ
һԵѾˣԼҪǲô˵ôһԼϰ֣ôϰְ
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ʮһǸ飬ֻü˵һ̲ˮΪͷȻ͵ǰڵȼ̫ͣеҵķӳ֣ЩаȻпãлǱϵҲֹĿǣ


164 Ҷ
ʮһĽͺҡҡͷʾû󿴵ʮһȡЦı󣬵һ֮㲻ȻȴǴһ
ҧ촽װûв۾⣬ȴʮһȻô۸
ǲ֪ͷν뵽ڲģѯʵȻ֮ǰ̬ѾôǿӲˣθһѯʵ˸е̬ȡ
òһʮһıѾ֤ԼԼڰ֮оȻֹ֮ò¼ȥѯʡ
и˸гֺ䷿ӵķλڷŵģλгĹǻдЧģʮһûֱӻش𣬶˵ԼĲ²⣡
λȷʵҪҵֺ֣ⷿķλڷģʵֹ꣬ⷿжһһҰںõģԥһ˵ǰԼôŷˮѧҪܴģ
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ңǴүǣָһһ˫һ۹ȵĿʮһ
ϽַϣʱÿԲңʮһһ۰ʣᴵһʹöǰƮһ¶ٴڵסֻ۾
ʮһһŰʵܷܷһץǺʱĿ˼ûһᣬʮһȻ˫ڱʼ⣬ˢˢˢȥһǳɣ֮ǰľ飬ʮһȵ
һɰ˫ཻ֧֣ʮһһȥ˿ͣд£ʮһ׼ʱȴͻȻٶͿˣͬζдʣͿ˵
ĵپҲɫӰˣŴͷżκ
Ѿȷʵ̫ˣֻǸŴȥԼҴԺˮС㲻֪ûȥ֮ǰϰֱܹһ٣͵ǻծˣʮһͬˮδδĹ
ҾһأϢһ°ɣֻܻа취ʿһʮһ˵
ʵĻʮһûж˵ʲôֻ˵һ䣬
׼ˣҾͿʼˣϢһ֮󣬶ٴ֮ǰǰһ
ʼɣ˵óһںڵСʮһһͷ
ذ׵һ˲䣬ʮһһ£ת˲ͳľٴλ
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߰ƱѾһŹķʮһһµͬʱһâУȻʮһͰʾһ̾Ȼ˵ĻˣȷʵҲֻ˵˸ֶѣڹЧһˣ
һѾҪֲ֧סİʣʮһθ׼˵ˣȴ˵ϻץʱϢ
һҪɣϢúĶٴ׼ʮһȫ뵤У߶ڱʼ⣬һʮһû۾Ǳ˫ۣȥȥᣡ
ǰȻûʲô⣬һʮһԼһָоԼеǺѾΪһ壬ԼںͻȻӿһɸΪƺȰеذӿĻҪ
һҲоˣΪαضᱻͿյȴĸܵʮһƺͻȻӿһǿ󾫴ڲĵ֮ǰҲͻȻõ˲䣡
пʮһһȻ£˿һĬĬؽһߣٴóһŻƱֽ
ӦԼͿˣȵϢһ£ػΪһʮһһԵİ˵
Ҳ飬ڵϣڵı仯
ʮһٴǺ˱ɣŵ˫ƺܿһһ㣬ÿһʻ궼һĹâ֮Уһʻ֮ʱ˸ҫ۵Ĺââһɫһʰɫཻòҫۣ
Ȼ仪ȥһԾȻ֮ϣʮһڷϿỮһĨ룬˷֮У
ʮһı鿴һ˿ˣ·ǱȻĻɹһ㣬ۺ÷뻳УһԴİʣҲ˵ϣ
뵤ʮһϸϸƷζŸղŷһУԼԼͻȻӿǹɰ
֪䣬ʮһĵͻȻ֮һСϥģСʮһ
ʮһԼȻˣôܣⲻӦƷʦſ𣿶һÿһƷʦеģ
֮ʮһԼλҲǵھȻһͼתԼڷı仯ʮһˡھȻûҵκйصϢѵԼһ
û˵ĸ˿ƷʦʱģǴû˵ĸ֮˵ĵһͼģ
ϸоһ֮ʮһڰͼϿӿ֮ͬ
ڵҲӿǰɫһ׵ӿȴɫġ
˼һ֮ʮһɵô󵨵ĲɣѵԼڳ˫ɫ̫ͼй
ǿӶԼҲûʲôڣл˵а취ƵģʮһԼԼһ䣡
ʮһŴ߶̫ͼеȴǷԼȻԴ߶ȴֻܶôһ㣬ǾֻôһѾҪԶƷʦܶõˣ
֮ǰʱ򣬾߶ôһʹһô˳


171 ƽ
ʮһֿԵĸоûоԼȻǿȴԶԶﲻƷʦۺ̶ȣȴ԰ԼɵĻ䣬̫ôˣ
оһ֮ʮһҲûоȻֻ֪ԼˣԼڸоƷһսʵȻǰҪðͼе
ӴʮһһŤͷͿһ汦һԼİʣЩʮһʶҲֻ̨֮ȼ˵ף
ʮһ˵ܱôŸ粻ֱУᱻģ
үôоϷһЩ仯أʮһһ䣬˫ǽضʮһƺҪһ㣡
ǲǾøø˧ˣʮһһ¶ǰаȵЦš
ҪҲ˧ĺ𣿡ʰʮһһۣվ׼߳ȥ
ǲ㣬һԼҲûףŰʵıӰʮһ˵
УſǸҰǲǻڵ㣿ͷҲصĻһ䣬žͿվſڵȥɣǼһڼеҪİο
ÿ˶Լܣ˭ʲôϵҪȥͼ̽ǿ鱻ĲԸ֪߲Ա֪ܣ
ܣ˵ǰصذף˵ݶһգ
ʮһҲԼܣ˵˫ɫ˵ڵ̫ͼ
Сܵܣû°ɣôôðƿʣһе߽Źĵʵ
İɣûµģѾˣ͵ʱˣʮһЦЦվ˵
лл㣬ôлأһмĿʮһ
Ǹǲ̸ʲôллģʮһһļƹſȥ
ǰǸǣޱ˵ţתʮһľȻȥ
ƴʦΣʮһ˸¥£һеǰʵ
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׼ˣƴʦϢһ°ɣîʱһʱ䣬ʱ䵽˽㣡һʮһ˵ѾˣʱһŴʯͷ˵أɵһ
ˣ˸һ裬Һλֵһͺˣʮһҡҡͷܾ뷨
˳ǶһģҲһᣡԸһ˼ԵɳϿżˣ
һ˷ԸһӶ˶˵һͷ¥ȥˣԼһҪϢһˣ
ϴ˵ϼһǲе̫װˣкǲ˵
ͷô˵أһŭĿŸУô˵Ƕİְ֣޷ıģ
Ҿ˵ͦԵİ㿴Ǹϴ϶ӣΪ°ͽأһԵİŪԼ˳ָ˵
ˣʹסɣ׼гһ֮һ±ֱɱԼҴԺʮһסҪ۵ˣ˵Լ뷨
Ҳ˵һҰְְǵ㼱ʲôʮһĻǽĿʮһһΪʲôҵĻӣ
ϴ֧ľǾͳǹƨԼҴԺɱɸɾһߵӣƺֻҪʮһ˵֧֣
˸ľȻܳ嶯ǣҾӦôʻһղĵŪԼָ˵
˵Ҳǲ㣬ֻЩ㲻ʮһû˵ΪʲôΪѾҲĸʲôˣ潻ˣֻһΪȼ۵ĳ룬ҪΪȥһЩĵλûкô飬ǲģ
ʵҲ˵ֻǺܶ˵ͨھԵǰûɽģ
ΪҰְֲ𣬾Ը㣬ҲȰģολһңһ취ģ
椣Կİɣζʮһץһ͵ߣΪϺΪⱾûۣһͨ˵໹ǲִģһ֮
أССͱʮһеĸˣǲĵʮһ˵һû˵أ
öͭǮ㣬ǮöҪóöͭǮãʮһóһöǰһŷͭǮ֣ص˵


172 ̳
ɻĽӹʮһݸͭǮҪѯΪʲôȴΪеĸ㻹ûʽȥֻ˼
ôˣöͭǮÿɱһƽһԵİʴĿһʮһתͷ˵
ڽеĸ˽ȥɴ۾Űʣȴǰ˵
ȿڲˮʮһεĵݹȥһˮæӹһڹ˽ȥ˼˵Сܵ͸ҵģҵȻҪúպˣĻõõ˵
˵ѾͭǮŽ˳µĿڴУһҾȥŪÿߴСܵ͸ҵĵһʽ
һᣬۿѾǰףʮһվӹˮϴһȥ
ȴȥԼķ䣬ʮһӦȥҶͭǮȥˣǸԸ񰡣
ƴʦ̨Ѿˣ׳ҲϾˣʮһ˳Сָһ̨˵
ʮһһ۸̨˵ͷ̨ǰĿ·һһ㣬һԵСһһִ·ʮһվһ㣬Ȼеһ㣡
ϵƶƮ峿΢紵Ŵʱεʱ䣬ܼҵıȴһƬƻԻͣӦһ㣡
һŵĿžʮһ˫ʾ˿̵ʮֽŵģ
෴һ߰ʺ͸ȴǲͬʮһڽ˫Ŀһ·˯һ㣡
ȴ۾ĴţȴŲԶǼеǹҪŪһѾ˧ˣȻҲ֪ͨҪǹڳ˵Σ
Ҫˣ֮ǰһĵӣȴʲôһ㣬ֻǽַؿںٺٺٵɵЦҪǲ֪ĻΪǸ񲡻أ
֪ȴ֪ЦʲôؿڵڸʲôΪ֪вŻһķ۵椣𣬲һöͭǮϴ󻹸ŪһţأǸһöţأ
֪е뷨һϵеǹһӣǲֹصģοϵĵλСյȥˣʲôû
˷ҪΪʮһ͸ģ͵ʲôûйϵ
Ȼ̵֪뷨Ϊ˿̵һСŮõԼѾõһ㴦ҵľУ
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صĹСԺڣһֱĿʮһͻȻһ˲ƺһĨ⻪ʮһ
ʮһһ½Ĵһ䣬̺õĽһһȥȴǺ
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̨²Զ˲Ծ۾ħô˲Ϣ֮ͻᷢôı仯أ
󣡡ʮһϾ±˵뷨ȵ
ʮһĻʲô˼ʱʵѾƮƮ˸̨£ó׼õöͭǮձǵư˸̨ܣ
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ҲʮһͰʵһٶˣĿŸ̨ϱͦɵӰ
ſǱɣ˷Ǭʮһը˶УԭͻȻϸ߸ߵٹͷ˲ˢˢ죬类ιһ㣡
Ǹҫ۵ĵָ˹һ㣬ɢѹ·һȦɢһƵҪ˵ĳ嶯
ʮһһһУڴһɫĹâֱǼƷ·Ҫƿһ㣡
̨µѾˣǸлԼǼеһ㣬ŴѾղˣˮ
ɫâֱ֮˿еƲͻȻ伱ٵѲɵķʽƶţڸ̨ϿγһƵĵشܵƲΧشͣת
תƵشһԲΣҷĳֹɢ
䣡
һը£ֱֱʮһеϣ˲ȼ


173 
Сģһʮһеϣֱ֮ӺžҪȥʮһҺùؼʱ̰סʾĿţʮһµģ
ʱľȺڣԭʵգͻȻ֮һڵˣӿȥ͸õӰй﹥һ㣬һǳը״ںڵƲӦ˵ϣɵ÷׷óֻա
Ȼ˵ĸҪԶԶȺڸֱۣȼʱǾȵĲѣΪǿ˸ŵ飡
ȼճɻҽķȻƯţȫûɢȥƣ˺۾ҪϸǲԼ˻þ
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ŮգźưűһĴ۾ʵүү˭Ҿүүģ˭ҲУ
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ѱˤǱͻȻֱֻǱϢǲȣԵĿղһ˺ж

̨һֱûжʮһǱû£ҲĺһǱ䣬ôԼһпܻΪԼ·ϵħҺһл˳Ȼм伸᫣
һ쳹дСǱڿת˼Ȧ֮ǵֵԲ֮ʧ
ԴԺһձܶྩ˳Ϊգ
ȻʱıڣʮһѾŰʺ͸дˣʮһתľܾˣ


174 
ƴʦһ£ϷмҪ͸㣬͵ƴʦϷȥһٵл񣡡׼תȥ֮ʱһС׷˳
глˣҰ㱾ͲΪĸлֻǿҺѵϣ˵ҾһͨũĴѧûʲôҽûʲôԾ͸Ҫлˣʮһתһ֣ȻЦ⣬ǻķ˭ó
㡭ԱСһҪǰȴǱп粽һ̸ֱӼСԵĲϣ۾ǳɱĿСԣѾ˵һҲɱļƣ
ƴʦ˵Цˣĳ׾ˣһ׾ǵķһ񷿣ǰ͸ҵģҲţȻֵǮǻƴʦ£εЦЦʱǺȥǸҰҲǸˣ
ǺǣгҲˣǸǴˣҲǿˣʮһûнӹЦЦָһߵİʣ
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˵˳ƱػᵼǸŮìܣⲻ뿴ģ
ƴʦлл㣬˻вѵĿԣ£͵ΪмؿһʮһͻȻһȻʮһһŵһԵľԱһ
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ڳڣַ߸к󣬸б˾ҲԾ˸ʻλãֻʣʮһˣ
СܵܣʱΪʲô˵ϰһģӿˣ˫ץʮһĸ첲еʵ
Լа취ģ椣ʮһЦЦû˵ʵʲôƵ˵ˣΪʲôҾҸʶʱЩһˣ
ﲻһˣҾûʲô仯ԻĿһʮһֵͷһԼɻ˵
ҼǵҸʶʱǡʮһԥһºûֱ˵
ʲô˵һʮһŵ˵š
˵ɲƢʮһЦһº˵ҸʶʱشԣȿȣȻҲǣʱƢǺܱģڵȴǱһЩ
شԣ˵ĺã˵ƺ֤ʲôһ㻹ͦһ±ͰȻ˫壡
ϴҾ˵ˣܹûбᰡǰ߿ĸ˵ĶԻ廰˵
ﱩˣ˵һڼʻλӵĿϣһ㲻ó֤ļƣ
㿴ϴ㻹˵ܹ𣿡мæʮһ
ȿȣҾǸ㿪ЦǺģеĻεĿһٴȥ
ΪʲôҸоأʮһǲֹš
ԣԹ壬ỹǱҪģ̬ͬȾͻ᲻ͬ˻Իʱ򣬸ʻϵİȴĵĴ
ʮһʵĻһƺͨĳһֱ벻ͨ⡣
ʮһεĿһ㲻ټڶۣŴɫҴҵ˲֪Щʲô


175 ʹʹ
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֤㣿ʮһԶڵץסеص㣡
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Ŷ㣡ʮһ֤ͳ˹ȥԵĸһۡ
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̫ˣСߺ˫۱һĦƺһصļƤ
椣㿴˼ңٿ㣡ʮһȤ˵
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ʮһû뵽ʻ˵һɵ˵
һԵҲǴ˵֮תؿʮһʵĲᰮôΪʲôͲҲһһ£ֻΪҲ𣿡
ʮһóһ˿ʣҲһڴ
ʮһסˣ֪˵һЩʲôˣûоԼһĵˣԴˡھòƾûٹŮˣٻˮԼǰ
ʲôıԼԼһˣʮһãˣȴ˶Ǹڵȴ𰸵Ůˡ
ѵƭһҶôϲ𣿡ŷʮһҲƲס޵ĳ嶯ڵصĿ
ʮһǰ޵˵ŮǲסļҪǰοһ£ȴսʤ˳嶯ջȥĽŲ
Ȼˣôͳ˶ϰɣʹʹ
Ŷ˵һһʲɵ̾˿תͷȥһԣ


176 Ǯ
ʮһԥʵǺģǻҲãҲգרһҲνˣΪڶֵܻȥҪģ
ʮһǲʱκξǸϵģ
ڵϿΪʮһοԿ˺þǲʮһɵԽԽģ
Χö˽ΧҪһµ׷ʲô飿
˺ܶ඼ģʲôһӦǿֶôȥȥæ
ʲôϣСô˰ΧԽԽʱСȴǸ˻æǰοʡ
Щˣʵ̫ôʮһŻĸ˵һ䣡
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ϣҵܴС㣬ô޵øСèƵأСŵĽţתЩΧ۵ȫɢˣ
СĻ£ʱֳֹܹЩΧ۵ȺھͿʼ
Χ۵Ⱥһ˼ҲÿˣҲ׷ɢȥ
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ӹСеĺͬһҳˢˢˢдԼ֣תԼĳȥ
СҪٺȴǱסˣʲôϽģ
ʼնûٿʮһһֱۣ˳һ֧ļһ˳ȥ
ʮһĵĿţҪ׷ȴֲ֪롣
İɣȻģֻѰ̼ˣ⳵ƺ˭˶ŵģһԵİʿʮһǰο
ʮһһȷʵǣջؽĿ⣬ֻɫЩġ
ǸСѾǩˣֻҪǩȫˣСڸеЩ˵
ǩ׼ֵǧķҵˣʮһ۾һգգĶҵС
Щˣ׷ǧмǰСĿһʮһּ˵׷ֵǧ򣬾סȥÿҲǧ֮࣡
ŶôǮˣֻеϧˣʮһû̫ľȣϧʲôСȻ֪
ʮһĿϧָôǮȴûʱȥܣ
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СΪʮһҪ˻ôģԲŻ˵ϧģ
ʮһתͷԼֵһ۸Ҫ˵ȴ˵붼룡
֮ʮһֿУУ׷ǩɣҺСȥˣ£
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һԵʮһǩСȴסˣ⻹ͼֵڵķģ󻹾ܾˣ
ҿˣǮֵǮˣ
֮£ʮһ̾һֱˢˢˢɷдԼĴҪԼˣʲһֱˣ
ҲڣڵĻһ͸Ҳù˷Ѱ
֪ܷһ£ǴⰡǳ۰ԴģֻҪȡٷ֮ʮöѣȫ̶ԵģСæеʵɲżܶԷǳ⻹ǳǿԵõһɵģԼˣôĵλȹ̣
Ǿͳɣ͸ҰɣӶÿ´ҵĿϰɣʮһҲ룬һҲǻһֱ¹ˣû׼ȥ˵ظΪϱôһ״󷿲еŻأ
ҵСȻģǴϿҲһֵиˣȻ˾ͱɣһǧٷ֮һҲʮأһϰ˵һʮҲǺܺõˣ
õĺõģллһ׵ģС˷֮˵Щˣ
ʮһǩһί飬ĳȨίиССһ·ͷһһУʮһʺ͸뿪
ص֮ǰסùڣʿһۻ˵ʮһҲ̫ˣôǮˣȻסƵط
˵úھõƵģǲҪҪѰɣʱͶ֣ʮһһ۰ʣߣһǴ˵
ܿʲôҲܿһźһȺʼĿһʮһг˱ӣ
Ӱﲻôݵһߴȥʮһعͷһʱڴϲ˵


177 
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벻벻֪϶أƳһ۴ŵʮһƲƲ˵
˵䣬ʮһһһŻƱֽϣ˵ľаγ״̬ĻԼֱۣ
δ𣡡
һѪεĥУһ۶˵һ˭һ£
ȵĻȻϴˣôֻܸһõǰȵĿʮһ˵ô𣿡
Ȼˣɸɾĺãʮһ͸ż㣬תڱʼ⣬Ĺעĥ˲һƬѪ죬ԭһѪȻô
֮Ѫϱ֮飬Դ˶ȥ㣬ң檲ʶʮһһ߻Ӷıʣһдʵֹš
˷ΪԸңֵ£ʮһתҲͣһâ֮С
У鷳һˣгûճɻҳˮ֮ڸ£Ҫʣ˵˷Ϊ鼴ɣۺãʮһصĽ˸еС
õϴ͹ȥûжʣӹת߳˱ݣ
ʵ̣ͦͦǶģֻʣʮһͰʵķУʿŷʮһ˵
֪Ȼûоͬ͸ʹʲôأԼܷȥ֪أοǱ߻˵ȥȣʮһתú˵Լ룡
ԲҲö㷢ƢԼʧ̬ʮһ˾Ǹת˵
֮䲻ҪԲ𣬷ҾԲȻϲӦ㻹ֻѿʱ̶ɱԼѾϲ㣬ֲ֤ܶʲôʱ뵽ֹһ˫һ˸Ĺâ
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ӦûеģⶼǻǮ˿д̽ģ绰Ǳߵһº˵
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̫ˣЩ㲻˵ˣʮһûнͣ󵭵ĽһҶ˵绰
ǸһɿʮһҶϵ绰󣬰ʵ
ǸϾ׽㣬֪ҲӦò˵ģʮһһȻҲЩɣѡţû취ֻƾĻԺȥϾ治ûǹģ
ڹЩǮ˻ߵλﵽһλˣǿЯǹ֧ģ޵бͲʲôûǹ֧Źˣ
ʫС񰢽ʮһһ£ʩչط׼⼸λѽ
ʦﰡôܵһɲһСŵʵ
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ʦҪȥ޵ƴ𣿡粢ûнӹѪصĿʮһ
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һжģʫĿһ˵ԶһǱһɢҲͦõģ
ȻǱһɣ·Ҳи飡ʮһεջػѪСͰһ˵Ҳǲȥֻص𣿡


178 ת
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ʦһ֪ǷĻᣬɷڰСһæСеŤȻĿʮһ±ߣ
ȿȣ㻹ȺãȥԵȥɣһʮһӣȻеȴֱŶԷȥ
ۣ
һ֮󣬷ھֻʣһһʮһ֮˵ȥɣҪȻ̫ûʰ
ʮһ˫һСõӱһһ˶ĽһʮһûκηӦΪ˼ôȳúϣ
С϶ߴʮһ
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ŲСʮһŴȥȻûǷ뷨ҲǸˣ˻ǻзӦģΪ˱λ۲Ϊĺã
ڿУʮһһ裬Сյ飬ѾȥˣһȥɣοҲûʲôõİ취һлҪʵ˵пܵҲƷʦⶫô򵥰
˰ʱСƮ˳˵лƴʦСһֱǵĶģ
֮ͶѣҲȥɣԺҪٺˣʮһһЦ
С뿪ãʺ͸ж˱ˣһӳԵģŵտơư׾ƣƬˮӣ
Ҫʲôʮһ˵Ӳʵ
ϻȻǳˣȻʲôûİһʮһӷŵɳϣ
úõغһ٣ͷ˵ûָԵĸ˵
УȷʵδƷ֪ǧٰлǳƨקһʣ
ҿҾͿñһŵģʮһϵһƿơƴȥ
Ϻǣҽűҹſ°ɣҲһƿơͷȥ
ٺ٣ϴһ£ڿʼѵõĽƻһΣ


179 Ҫ˻
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Ժֻ˸۵ȴǷֻʮδӵ绰Լţ
ǰеĳӵһߣ㿪ֻּȫģ⼸ӵģҲٻģǼһ﷢Լ˲ˣҲԼŸԼ绰ģ
Ϣٻÿһٻ޷Ǿʮһģûгʲôɣٻ֮ĶŮ鳤лʮһȴů
ǣһĨůĵЦݻһаã
Ķȴˣæӿ
үү˵ҽ޸ңӾǽ죬˺ܶ绰Ҳûӣڸô죿Ȼ֪ʹүүʲôìܣһý޸Ǹ̬ǾǸȢʮţÿһûл£ҵ㵽ʮӣʱһµֵҽ㣡
ʮһȻ֪Ǹҵ˵ж̬̬ҪȥֻϵʱŵˣһԼҿȥȴǼѾвٿţвһЩ
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֮ʰ룬߳˱ݵĴţʲôӣѵ֪Ҫ⻶ӭǣпŶֵľһ˵
յϢ޵нҪ˵Ǿҵһˣһ˵ǸǸ̬ʮһĿתĶŶĴ˵
˵ǸȢʮţһһȴûһܻµģתͷÿ۾ʮһ˵
ֺʮһЦһ£Ŵŵķȥһһ߸绰ſںȴĲĿվһԡ
ǲֱӽȥֻⶫ϶ҪģûоͿ϶ɣʱһݾߣ
мҪѯʼ˵ʱ򣬴߳һˣԼ߰˸ӣǰһ
ôҵĵ˻ûѾˣʮһļȫƵһߣŵǼ󺺸ǷǳŵĽǼ˺棡
һȥϾҪʼˣǰǱҪļתʹʮһȥ
ûм𣿡ʮһߵ
Сү⼸㲻ܴȥûһλСӳ˹˵
ҵҲͷλСӳ
ԲүûڣСӳһϱߵ˼ı飡
ʲô֣
Сү͵֣Сӳƺӣеĵȴ˭ĳ
Ǹֻ֣֪ԼҵһѣԶҪ˵ĻԵļ˵
Ļո£Եļλڱһȭ֣ͱһԵĲݴһᣡ
߰ɣһֱûҽ㣬һ϶ȥʮһȥ
һؾĿ˺Ƕ֪Դٵİ裬ȴû˸Ϊôūȥ
һ·ߣʮһһ·ܣȴԽԽľֹԵİҲüͷ˶һ۾ǿ˶Էеأ
ôˣʲô𣿡ʮһ˫üʵ
ûʲôһᷢʲô飬ʲôʮһҡҡͷû˵˵һ
ԭ򣿡Ҳʡ
֪ҵǼɣҪ㾡ܵıǵİȫʮһɫء

һ·κλԼҵĴȥ޵ӣ֮˽ᵽӭףͻȥҵĸۡ飡
·ҲͣϾԼھҲͷǰصĿ˸ǲ
˲ȥ·Ͽ˹ɫɫǴҴҡ
ȥ֮ͲǼˣҸʱһлǾͻᶯ֣ʱҰߣſڣʮһĶ˵
û˵ֻǶʮһ˵ͷǰֵȥ
ʮһͰʡ˸λصȴĳ֣Ҳصȴ޵еĳ֣ʮһиڵȴˮĳ֣


180 ޵
ʱܿʮӣһ½һȺԭֵĴȻ侲
ʮһȥһλͷ˫ֱ󣬴ɽװ˽
߿ȥʮˣȴûжӣһ˫۾ȥҲ䣬԰׵üëһ㣡
ϾȻɢһǿֻǳڴλ߶ģΪʮһܵһϢǧĹѨûиʬһ㣡
ֻ۾Ȼ䣬ȴһɱа
ҪһʮһͷϾȻһõϺɫƯţ
λãڴлλǰĵϲˣѾͷ˵ҴСųģҲֲģŮһҪҵСӽӹȥˣʱСǧȥڼҶľͺˣʮһߵʱѾȷˣʮһ֪Ӧ޵ˣ
ϼˣҵμҲǸеʮֵҰһʮվЦ
үүӽҾͺһƺΪүүˣλԶһλվһװͷСͷķӣְֻ׺Ͱʵİͬʵİײеʣİȴǳʱ䲻ģĳЩ괦ڵµ˲Żеģ
СҪһ֪𣬿ɲ۸޵һѵӡ
֪ˣϹӦЦˣ
ʮһظоıƺе־壬ΪǸȢʮȫ˵ϢɣԵϸǹ޸һҪƽһ治֪޵ôģ
ǧȥѾͷɣʽ֮øȥǱߣ޵жֵǧ˵
ʮһһϸԱ֮˵ۣһ͵͵Ĺ۲޵еˣ
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ʱ䲻㴩Żɴ˽׵ĻɴʹϣͰ˵˫Եú֮ķױµСװĸӾڳԶĿǱȥֻǴĿȴǰ˵˫ϣ޲ǸԼԱĸԼ
Ȼʮһϸ۲࣬ȴǷüۼһɵİ˫Ҳƽʱô䣬һֿնͷһɫӡǣǱ˿
뵽ʮһԼˮһҲֻΪλûпأ
СҿɾͰѾͷˣǧҪչ˺Ǽǧ־ҪУһԵȲˣЦһջһ㣬һߵͷһ߾Ҫȥӹ
һ£ͻȻһͻأߵļֱӽˡ
ҪʲôϲӣҪ֣ǧüͷһѵš
ϲӣҽӦ𣿡һٻңСүӡ
ʲôȻǾͬ˵ģ˵ĸ֮ý֮ԣүүԶµ£ݲ֣ǧ۾һɣǼı˵Ǽ֪֪Ͽ£ŲҷַӴǣ
Ҳ˭µ£û׶ҽ˵ͬ⣬ǲÿģǼҲǲÿģŶǧ˵
ǼĲ£ǧ۾ҪƵĿǼڣ
ֻүģеһ˵κοǡ
ö㿪ȢˣԱ߿˰죬ڰͲסеĲޣ˵ͬʱҲӿװīӣ
үģΪԼţСүƽֻԸ˲˹ļһôҷϻһ䣬ŲŽ㣿˵䣬ߵڱͻȻÿ˰γһǹָıڣ
ϲıͱڿ֣ͻȻ俴üǹɵôʧɫ׷ȥ
סһߣ鲻¶ȥǧ˼䣬λϵ޵ȴ˵г˲ɣ
޵еĻ£ԺӵִܳһȺ±ڽӴܵı;
ǷģϽǹ£һŮʮһ𾪵Ŀȥ˫¶ȣ


181 еĴ
ܣҽǺѣӦ֪ҽǲϲǸ̬ģһвȵģվȰ˵ת˵㣬˵ô£ܵһȥ
Ȼ˶˵ʱȴԾɱŸղŵĶһûа䣡
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˭һĿǸͷ˲˵ˣٴν令Լ
ʦʦһԺǰܵ
˼а취ҽ㿪˵˵ǷԸ⣿ŲʲôأԾһŵӣ
ʮһȴƳһν֮ԾʱʱһλЦпһе޵У֮ԲһֱţΪǿһ̶Ȼ߳ڽĳѵڶ
һ²֪𣿡ĪЦһ£˫ǰͣػζһһָ˵ԣ
Ȼǣָƺʲôһ㣬һԵӡ
˭ڵңϷͷһ޵жŹâķš
ƥҺʲôСүģ
ѭȥȴһһͷƺɫ˿һµֲŮһ˫ĺЦһһ˲䲻֪˶ˣö˿ʼԼȡ⣡
ڰʣǲʶģ֪ǸʮһһģЦһµ档
ȴڿʵһ˲ͷת˰ʳķ򣬼еĴɨţ˫ͫ˽еĳϲ֪Цݻǿɬ
ǵԼʮһҲ֪ʲôζֻ뵽ûиˮ˭Ҳ뵽ǽټ棡
˭Ҵűʦʩһ䱸ĿŰʣòҾ徵ӣܵһ˿˿Σգ
Ǻǣ˭أ֮㲻Ļ͸ϽСүߣȻЦţ˵Ļȴһֱָ˵ѣ
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ֻˣǽҪģ
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ʮһʲôˣоǰʹ֮͵ؿסܼҵĴצ鲻ȥ߸߾ܼҵĿ־Уһ£

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߳ŭܼƺѾ˿־壬ֱʮһһͬھͷ

ʮһһ뻳ȡһöͭǮǲ̤һܼҵĹٿȻĳصܼҵĺϡ
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ǺǣȻ˻˭𣿡λϵ޵дЦ˵·ʲôЦЦһ㣡
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굶˲ʮһĴ룬޵ʹ֮³ضŰʵֲʮһԴ
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ˤڵϹֹʮһһ³üѪǿվڵϣ¶ʺϧʹ޺ɱĿ޵кǼͻȻܳĺӰ
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186 ˮǿ
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Ϊˣ޵кǺĵĻشš
ʮһ˵һиûйϵģʿʮһӵĵĴţȻȴǱ޵һٴܵһشſڵҪȴ³˼Ѫɫ׵Ŀ˿Ѫɫ
캰ȥȿȣħģΪ޵еܣþȫ˵һ仰һᵹȥ֪
ȻڰʵʮһȴǷ·ûһ˿ƵģԾţ


187 Ѫʬ
ʮһѰһиûйϵ㵱ҳң޷ǱΪǹƨɷǣҲںģûҵһһҶȥҵүүְȫˣֻңһ𣿡к仰ʱûյı֣
˵ʲôǿһû˵ֻǴĺʮһӣˮҲϣģѵˮΪһų𣿡
ҲųҲų򣡡ʮһǸԼһ㣬͵Զӣ
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ѪʬʮһͰʸոսԺʱֻȴȷֱӰֵʱʮһŸȷǴ˵еѪʬ
ѪʬаÿһסĻÿһ춼ᱻȡһҪάѪʬתÿҪɱʮˣʮ˵ѪҪĸѪʬӱĸر޵жеͷˣ
˫ӤѪʬ°빦ҿʹסĽʬ˫Ӥ˿ӰͲо鰸ҲͲκζΪһʱ˱仯ͣ㿴㿴Ķ
ԣֻҪѪʬƣ˱Ҳᷢκζߣ޵нʱյĵλм˸Ҳ
ΪҵѪʬôƵ㻹Ŀɰ޵ЦţָֿڽҪ̵ʱʳָָͻȻס˽ʹٴֺ
ֻҪҲѪͲᱻƣԺҾͻٴλָ󷨵תѪʬѣȥĹоܾ޵г˲мͿ
Ȼ޵еʱȴǷʮһǾȻǣһĨĪЦ⣬ºȻϾѾһһˣɵһֱĳҪʮһҪǴнɱ޵з綼ɱʮһˣ
ڿʮһǿս־޵ȴ֪Ϊʲô˲ɱˣƳɿܻȡľǶǾѵѡ
ʮһֱɿе޵֮ǰһӣǿǿĶ˹ȥһǲĲȻ̤£ʱо˵ƶ˲٣
޵мԼһƾȻԷԤȶ㿪ˣºߣɿǱû˹ܵҺϻҪһظղŵĳӣ
ʮһǰ͵һǲ岽̤෽Ƴȥһľ룬ʱʮһһ޵зʤȻʮһûйֻ˸ٵĹʽ뿪վλã
ʱ˲ǷӦʮһûзǼ޵вǼȾϲֵģ
ôһģпüЦɻʵ
еĻ࿴һۺȻȵھֻܿʮһû⣬ҲĻҪ𣿡
ȿȣ
һԭǰ˹ѵһս֣ʮһƾһʱỹ
ǼͱˣڸϽ߰ɣסһ仰ҲʮһҪ˵Ļ߶Զ߶ԶȿȣصòҪҪ㸸׵ߣɫ˵һ۸к˵ͷС򱱷Ӵܣ۸ӣûбЩշĿǰȫģƾСͷԣӦûȵȥǣ
ôôҵǣɻһ䡣
ͷİɣʱԻطҵǵģֻڻ˵ˣ߰ɣʮһҪֲ֧סˣҪȥ֧Ԯкܶ෽ʩչ˵ֿʮһǱߵսһۣ
ʮһˣңҲŹ㣡˵һ󣬱תȥߵôȻһϵŮˣʱ˾Ͳı䣬ʹ֪ʮһлȥĿܺССԸţ
ϴֵܵ㣬İɣһᱣɩӵģдһ׷ȥ仰ǿŵ
ǱԾ޵вʮһĻվ˵һ仰ûȥ㣬˵ôң


188 ж᲻ᵯ
ûҪǸҲҾһֱȣȵҲһֱ㣡ûлͷֻվסͣס˽ŲЩ˵Ȼڵ
ʮһİɣҪһ㱨ģƺкܶ໰Ҫ˵ԥһ仰һ뿪ˣ
ڣ㳤ҲûҺÿΪʲôôŮϲ㣬ѵϹ𣿡һ²ţһԱ׼Ż
С޲ϷķɣֻϧܿҪûʶһ߿ˣ޵ЦţȴһҲǱߵȴʱİ־һƴȥ
Ȼһ֮ѣôҪȻţ¿һ㲻ҵҪǱˣڵ״Ҫɾˣ
˵ʱʱ죬˫һżأ͵ԭŤתİٰʮȣǿǿĶһͣºʷԼǱһӣ
үģһǼҷòʴţ²һ޵г굶ɢ˵ĺ⣡
ϽһߣӰСүҷӣʮһҲš
ϽҪǲӰңСүһܷ˹֣æ͵еĵһʮһС޵·ȥ
ҲڣҪҲ˭ҲСүһʮһһмӣ·޵һֻһ㣬϶磡
үŲҰɱˣ޵дŭţС˵˼ԼѾϵƵģ
˵úдүƵģ˲˵һ䡣
ǣ˵úɱƵģʮһ޵һ㣬ƵĲһ
Ȼˣôȥɣ޵ܵļŭڱˣȫȻȥʮһͰʵĹ˫𣬶ʱһɹɺ̴޵ð˲ͳ
һƬУ޵д
޵л£һƬžը֮ڰеʮһ֪һԼǶܲˣϼһȻŭʩչ˷ΧƣһԼͻᱻʱԼͰʶᱬǶʣ£
ʣʮڲһ磬ǱЩͲȫʮһ쳣ָţֻǺڰʮһ˫ͫðһ˿Һɫ
ܵѾҪ֧壬ʮһȫתڵ෴߶ţͬʱʮһϵҲһ·ţ
ת
ʮһӡھѧģʹʩչ֮˶ʱ֮һʵȻҲиõģЧʧ֮ʩչ֮Ҫаµʱ䲻ܶ˿ؽת߻ħﱬѶ
úˣû뵽ҰҪһǿϧҵòˣþȫúһٴαͿգ˺ڰС
˿̵ʮһϢѾرƽƷʦһʲô谭ͨһ㣬ʮһϵϢٴ
طʵΣעҪһúöŮ˵ģ޵ЦţʮһȫȻ
ҲѹԸǴ˽ľѧҿʩչһΣǽһΪԴǴ֮л᳢һˣ
ʮһȴȫȻ޵еĻΪһڷŹı仯иҲı仯
ʱѾȥʮ롣˾ͻΪܲסʴʮһڰжŰʵķһƣһɰĴͳѾ̱ڵصİ߷ȥ
ʮһүôôôңСүһӵģ֪ʮһʲô˼Ϊ֪Żֹ
СףллôֵܣҪұ𣬼ǵչ˺С椣ѾԶ뷨֪ǧǵһҪúûȥ㣬ǡȥɣʮһƮƮĴһ仰û̫ɿ飬ԵúǵȻֻԽԽ˵ӣ
˭ôֵܣôֵܵԼŮԼչˣֲǽŲҰȫϱڽʸûע⵽Լеìܣһ˵һ˵ҪǱԼϱ
ֻƾκǲڴʮһ
ɳȥ׵İˤ˵ϣҪٳȥȴǷƲʹһ㣬ԭѾظˣھҲжദλ
үģҲŹģڵϵİĿţ˵ж᲻ᵯΪδĴ


189 鵤Ա
Ϊȫ߾ҾͻŹ𣿡޵кЦĿڲʮһ
ѪһаȣȻۣ˵ɣȻɽʼ֮ʮһԺԴڿ־еı͡
ȫ֮鵤а飡ԣĸ֣ʮһû˵һ֣ϵƾͻһ£
˵ڵʱѾﵽһ޵п־ĳ̶ȣ˿̵޵Ѿ֪ʮһҪʲôˣֵ۾תҪܣ

ֳڣʮһĵﴦͻȻ䱬ѿ˸˲簲װըҩһ㱻ը֧飡
һɳľ޴޵ϯȥ˾ȻûвһԲԶıֱֱͣ޵гȥ
ǹв޵ƴܣȻܳȥʮ׾͸оѾϯ˽ȥ
ҵģұɱģΪԱͿɱֱ̫ˣҾ㿴һʲôǾԵ޵мѾܲˣͣ˫ſһϺɫСӡǰ
ӡչʵʱˣ޵дһӡʱɢһɿֲѹȻʮһԱ֮
ӡôӵƮʮһŵĻ
޴ıը籩˲ϯ޵УƬ֮¶˫־Źӡ޵УȻֻǴ˿˿ѪȻղҲܵ˺
ʮһҺΣ֪㻹ʣһƲл꣬㵽ҶЩѣ޵Цţг˵ſ
ôܣ޵סˣɱõĴһģʮһȻɱԼңʱǾ͵Űɣ֮ʮһպصٱ֮ʮһ翵ĻƮٴιƽ
ߣһƲлҲвңܻ˵ɣ޵ͷ˰첻мһֻȴȻһĨأ
ȥȫΧѰղǼˣѾѳˣ˿ն࣡ҪҪҵʮһȥĸĸҪͣ޵յЦţʮһ˵ǲл꣬ĻΣ㸸ĸҵУ
ǿһϷҪôлҰ޵˫Ӥ̬ߵǱŵöͣıǰ˵
ʱڶͻڸղŵĿ־У޵˭˵
ô˵أ̫ûòˣÿ˶˵һ䰲οҵĻɣ޵иЩڵɪɪıǡ
ԼӢ䣬һͳһкεӲ˵
ֲǶܣҲϲαˣ޵˵һ֣һƷӣƷ͸ӵأȴ֮ǰ־ĵЦݣ
ǿĽ⵽ƻҪ޵˵˰֮ͣŶһȺͣ
ҸǮ
ҸǮ
ǸǮ
һȺͷ׷״ţº˱øղһ³
⻹ȱˣŮˣ޵Цһ£ָһһŮӼ˵ǸղǼһӰɣ
ǣǣ
ŮӽͰ͵˵ͷ̧ȥ޵С
˵ôô͸ôһϼһأԺҰɣ𣿡޵ʩһ˵
ûûҺܸˣŮæĵͷ˵
ǳҪǮԺ֮⣬Ҫÿ¸һòŮҲȥȥԼļˣ޵ǣ֮ǰŮӱȥһؿ־ãȻıͣ
ȻˣҲȥ޵ŵŵһ飡
ңң˼æ̬ʶ޵пֲʵ֮Ѿû𱨾ͷˣ
޵пŵĴЦţһֻȴѾһŮӵĶȹ˵Ťţ

ְ֣˸ȥʮһǣصеɳϵ޺š
˵ˣܻŻѾˣܱסѾˣε̾һ˵Сȥҵһŵսʿ˵ֲܹϮ
ϰ֣ʮһҲ㣬һ֮ҪǸ޵аͨһ˵ϣ
Щ㲻޵Զֹǿô򵥣ְгûʵȨҡҡͷҲܰæ᲻æ˵ʮһ˵ŮʮһһƬҲģ


190 ү
㲻ԼȥߵվһԾ΢壬Ҫȥ
һ£ȿڲ裬취ȥˣҲҪְæһ߸һԵľԱһ
Ҿְֻ֪ҵģǸҪһ㣬ʮһǵȲôõģ˵Ļعͷһ˷ܵĿ
ɵȿڲˮɣɤӶ޸˰ɣùԱݹĲˮƵǱߡ
豭֮󣬹˹˺ȥˮôйɹֵֹζɻĿ˻ͷһͷԵ˲輸ϣ
Բ𣬰ְҲûа취ϻһᣬҡҡͷ

㣬̫ˣһûµģһ˾ȥĻϣһλӰοԵһλòŮӣʱŮ۾⣬۽ǻۣȻ֮ǰոտ޹
ǣϴôһûµģŮӶһλͬ˵һ䣡
ԼУг˴֮ϵˣʱֻʣڣ⼸Ѿڱ뿪ʱˣ⼸ڶǵģǾҳϵģ
ðοңһҵģŰɫûлعͷƮƮ˵
ò۵ﶼעΪ㣬ֻߵĸмɷıڴ˺ܶǰڨ뷨

үʮһȻСүСүչǼƿֱûԣȥĻϣһų⣬һСֹţʵǾǸĳˣȥ˻ǲٵģֻڵİûκˣеֻʹ࣡
ʱ˵׷лţʱת۶š
ԼҵĴģУһʡж۸ӣԼҵҪ͸ȴҲǺѣǴλ赹֮ͺ֮ǰһ㣬ֻǶȥϰͲߺǲˬ
ȴǻȥοӺٻ˼䣬ȴûпǸ˵е̨£Ż𳵱ˣûа취ҪȥʮһչǸС㣡
ԽԽ֪ѾĵͲʶˣʶû͹ˣڵãԼȥ㱣椣ʲô
ڰʱԹͬʱĳһƶУȴǺܶƶ˼ʰ׼
ôôڣҲڵҲӦֻʣһƲл𣿡ĳռʮһһƬڻֵͷһԼõ˵
Ƿ콣ڲȷʵֻһƲл꣡ʮһĻ£һȴ
콣ʲô˭ʮһĴһҲûз˭˵
ǰ߲߲Ȼǰ߲ͿԿˣǵٴδ
ʮһԥһ£һᷴԼˣӰ˾ǻɢ
ڸ˵ʮһ֮ǰָʾһ·ȥ֮ͣȴǷһԼƴССͨʽɫڵϣһֻץһֻҰسš
ϻȻүڸ˵ˣֻɫСȻԻĨһǣһʮһεӡ
Ҳڣɾ˾ȻôŰʮһǰֻС˳
쵰ǹǡԳүĽɫС˵ͣһº˵˵Ҳֻ֪Ҫ֪үˣ
ڸҿЦʲôʱһ״ˣʮһļЦš
ݹżмأ״¹βţβëƣлɫëǰһһˣһֻɫСѣ
㶮ʲôˣôľ˵𣿡ɫСǲмʮһеĿ˵
С죬Цģ˵ȵңʮһȻĽС죬˭һԳүأ
үǰ䣬Ҷˣүǲˬĵʮһ
֣ⶼص㣬С죬ôȵңʮһСһʾС
ҪңΪ㵤Ա˻һ˿лүһ̰һƲл콣ڲռ䣬ٿŷ콣ӵСһҪлҵӣŵ˵š
ʮһϸһ£ȷʵԱһ˲ôһƲлܵˣԼʱȻû˵޵У뵽ʮһвһ˿ʡ
С죬˵Ƿ콣ڲ콣ʲôô뿪ʮһƽһ֮ٴʵ


191 ֻ
콣һֱŵǰѽû취뿪һƲлȥͻΪڵ״̬Ѿ˼㣡СƺѾʮһĳƺʮһҲһһţ
һֱŵģǲ𣿾Ǽ˵ҲǽʲôħʮһСĻ󣬲ɵʶֹ
ǶǺѽĲͬƺѽֻһСҡСͷ˼˵
ԣѽһվϵΣʮһЩѽ⡣
ڣܱǶǻþȥ֮ԼȥСڱŭˣſСǴţǼҧһҧʮһĳ嶯
嶯ⲻǳȥ𣿡ʮһæСȴǣһĨıóѵЦݡ
ȥа취ֻǹ̻ʹ࣬ΪٻǲȫֻʣôһƲлѣҪȥҪĲ裬һڶǣСһ˿⡣
ҪʹҲ£ֻҪܹȥͿԣһѪҪʮһĿ˸ųĳޣһת˵ǷӦȸ˭Ϊʲô콣ڲ
ҵѾ߹ˣΪʲôֻ˵ҵˣ걻ӡ콣ĿռڣСһ˿į
Ȼ˵Ŀؾ꣬ΪβΪԼһʮһüͷ΢廳ɸ
ڣΪûүֻҪӽǹͻᱻһ֣Ļ⸱ӣֻԭʼ̬ʾˣСߵĴš
ŶΪʲôҪңʮһζӦһ׷ʵ
Ҳڣ㻹ǆ£ввУСһֻСצһȦ˵ȣŷ콣ΪѾ콣ڴ˺ܾˣԱ֮ǰ㼤˷콣ܣҲ˵һ콣ʽΪ彣ˣ쾳磬Ϳʩչͨ뿪ĿռڣȻͨһ˲ᣬ콣ڲĹҪһҿСҲǸ֮ģ
˵ô࣬һȽпϣʮһ˵ͷ޳ܵ˵ɫĿС˵ȥɣҪңҲֻᷴϣܰһ飬ñɱ޵ȫң
ɱүܴȥ֮ԼȥɱСζĿʮһһֵ˵

ܰҵľḥ̂ʮһСһ·ߣһŵĴĥͣˡ
ǵģֻ̣˼˵ȥܵĻͺֻһȦһҪҪȳһ£⼫俼һ˵־Ҷл˵Ϊ£Сת˵ţֻеȴʮһܲˬ
ʹܲ˵Ļʮһ̸ʲôѩޣʮһ˵̶ֻȥСЦвл껯һĨĥС
УҲûʲôʹѵܲ𣿡ĥڲʮһ֫ʹкǲм
Ȼһʮһı㽩ӲˣϵٲŤ롱ǿŲԼȴûס
ʮһֻоһĵʹϮУУУǧҧһ㣬ôһɲǼʮһһԼָоĳ嶯
ֻƬ̵ʱ䣬ʮһϾѾˮʪˣͷϵĺ綹һžȻһƲлûʵ壬ǻǿĿˮʮһϷ£ΪʹŤӣԿҧѪ˫ڵδδĵѪ
֪˶ãʮһоԼƺѾľˣغҲûôˡ
飡
˼㱵ʮһͻȻоһɴϮ˶ԼѾˣվĥ̵Сߡ
оΣСһЦеĿʮһֻ
ܺãʮһ˵ʲô㺦СүֻǵСֻȴѼӲĸı˵ǡ
㲻ղλҪٽȥ˴ΣΪǣֻʣһƲл֮꣬ղŽȥתһȦһǣҲ㻹ǣС̼ʮһһ㣬ؿ˵ʮһҪȥ˴εʱʮһ۽Եĳ鴤˼¡
ͨķǾת취С֪ӣ˵š
ת취ʲô˼ĥתŴΣʮһǿԼôġ


192 ֻдֻ
ǲǣȫ֮ȥһξͺˣСЦЩЩ⣡
ȻСյЦݣʮһûжʣҪѡת취ģ⹦Σȥͺţĸо
ãңͽȥʣµĻǣʮһһ֮ǰľ飬һʮһ˳׼
һθսʱһ޵ʹʮһǣһĨȻͦһξһͦŴεЦݡ
ȻһʮһЦٴˣܵ˺ѵʹʮһһ˵ĳ嶯
ԭʮһΪǵһǧҧʹֻһʹȻУȴּ֮һʹ屻ķѵʹǱָɼٿʹ
Ҳү޵УҪɱ㣬һҪ̷̬ĥһٱ飬һٱ飬һٱ飡ǽˬʹ࣬ʮһ˳
Ҫ۾ȴһĪſۿԼȺ͸첲Լ岿ѹĭһӻȻڱѹĭ
һһĿԼ屻ѹĭһһǧĵʹ࣬ʮһһȥһŸ֧ʮһԼԲỹܴһ˿
飡
һɴٴδʮһٴαֻ̣Լһ׳ĻǣʮһǰδеĸеģԼһΪпԼܵˣȻʹٵʱԭһжôã
ǺǣϢһ°ɣ̲кôСƺ˺ܾˣʮһûȡЦǵݹһںˮ
ʮһһС죬˵ӹͷ˹˾ͺȥ
С쵽ǷҪԼʮһԼѡ񣬼Ȼѡ˾Ͳȥɲȥԥ
ˣԼˣСջ赭д˵ʮһתֻ̤ʱͻȻ˵ûȥ˿δ·ѣǰ谭Ҳܻ࣬Ҳʱֺܶ޵ǿܶҪأ
ʮһǿеĲһ£ûתֻǳ˼һǣһĨǿЦݣȻѡҾҪȥ·ǶԻǴ·ǴģҾʹȥֱһ߳һҵ·һڱ˿ȷ·
仰ʮһǰȥߵ쳣ʣ仰𺳵С졣
ðĻʹҲҪȥֱһ߳һԼ·һ˶Ϊȷ·ʮһת̺Сԭ˸ɣҲүҵ˿԰ҵˣ
ν̵ֻʮһܵ˷˵ĴݲУҲĴݲ֣Ȼһεʮһİʹʩչ˱˵ϣֻһԹ۵Թһ㣡
ʱָɳ͵͵ţʮһһһŰУѾ˰˴ˣٴιһ֮ʮһֻȥ׼һε
סһˣСƺ˵Щʲôȴԥһºû˵
ʮһȭͷһԼţСһĵƣӱ㻯һĨٴνֻУ
ֻдֻأԵתͷգԵֻ֮»꣡ʮһ˲䣬ֻдһһ޼Ѱ
ףеʹأô֣ѵСү֮ǰֵ̫ţ棬ֻˣʮһһҲ֮ǰʹϮɵ
ȻʮһʱʮһĿռȻãˮô⣿
ʮһˮڴЦǺǵĿлһк˵ˮι
ɵǲһֱ컹˵ҪԶһأղͻȻ˯ˣ֮װ𣿡ˮСǿɰˣ
Ҹղ˯ˣô˵һжֻǸˣֻΪʲôôʵأʮһ˷һ¶Щɻʵ
ʲôˣҲҪˮʮһĸ첲ҡθͣ
磬оȻɱˣϲˣˮʮһκװӡ
ˮԣǸ粻ãȻǸΣǾͲȥ˺𣿡ʮһ֪ˮǼװģǸϽˮСŤ˹ˮС
ѽ磬ˣˮȻô˵ţȷʵûȥֹ˫۹ʮһĲϣ磬һֱһ𣿡


193 
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ȿȣˮǻȥҰְֻж˵ǽôʮһεĿһ£ȴǲɿˮ˫֡
Ǵǻͬ𣿡ˮߵ˵ţСȴҲرʮһ
һͬģǱûκѪԵϵమʮһһ½˫֣ˮԼ˵
һжģھ̫Ըܵ˴˵ĺˮСĿɰ
磬ȥ԰òã
ȥֺòã
Ҷᱻ˿ģ

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Ȼһȴˮʮһˬǣÿ˽еһʱܻһЩĴţÿδ֮ˮͻ὿ߵĲʮһ
İɣԲκԴŵǣٴλصƵʮһЦеضˮ˵
ˣ󻵵ˮȻʮһ˼һʮһֱ۱˴һǲʮһ
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ˮһȥģһҸĻȥʮһ£ѾǴ˳š
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ʮһˮˣʱ˾ұˮȥĵطȻûκйˮӰ
ƺѾ˺ܾãõʮһǲˡ
һĵʮһڹ԰һ䣬ԶĻݲݣɫЩȻЩʧǻںޣ
ô˯ţôܹ˯ţںò׼ˮӵˮһʧȥʹ࣬Ѿˣ
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ΪʲôһˣΪʲôộ
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ʮһͷָѾģ˰߰ѪȻһ˿ʹо
Ѿˮʮ꣬ʮʱұ˴ϱұÿһȥĽ䡣
ٴλصУһֱصˮ
ȻˣȻˣұȣ㣬ȵȵϣȵȵ׹Ǳݣȵɽ飡
ֻдֻأԵתͷգԵֻ֮»꣡㻹ǲԸѹ𣿡һϿ˾ֻʮһˣԶˣĺͯƺһ㶼û
ҵˮÿһңȻҲŹ㣡ʮһţһ㣡
ִ̫ˣҶˣһֱȴΪ˵ȵֻΪԼùǵٴδ
ҵ黹ֲܣʮһ͵̧ͷ˫֮ð⣬ɱӿ
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ҵϲʮһţ˫һĳٴαãǰС˵лĵ㲦
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˵ģ֪ζ𣿻Ҳϲ𣿡ʮһЩѽ⣬ԼĻԲȴǲôںˡ
ϻүҲǿԻεĺֻǱӡֻ̬ʾˣ뿪ռ䣬ҲҪָҲͣүѣ˵ģֻǾ巽ҪԼѰңСһŭݵĶʮһ
ȿȣǲǿȥˣʮһεĿһæתƻ⣬пԸõķʮһĿģ
ˣһȥͿˣȥһľת취ֻҪܼȥʱͿԽڽˣС˰ʾʮһϽģ
͸¶һת취ʲôͬǰݲеʮһκܻǵѡһС졣
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㻹˵һ°ɣʮһײǽĵļ׷ʵ
㻹ǆ£Ǳ֮ǰܵĥһѣС۾ʮһ
˵͵ˣƵģС췢쭣ʮһûƷĸһָĥС
ڣүװ棬ͽһת취СЦһצ̧һԵһ鰴ťϣֻ෴ķת


194 
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ʱ䲻ʮһȥ˼Ϊһһһ鰤һʹʹݲѾϮˡ
ת취ԭǽÿʹʹݲг̶ȫ˾ŸȼֻʮһŤ˵ţһŴݲУһȴǿԿԼһһؾָۣоͺһ֮һ
ʱƣʮһܵĴݲоԽأҲԽԽβѾ˲ӵ壬ʮһ񼤶ƺһĥûôѰˣ
Ȼֹһ֮ѾֳʱʮһѾ֪Լ󹦸ˣΪܹ˧Ļ찵е޵Ҳֻˡʲô˵ʣǻܸһ˸е˧
ҲڣһǼ̫˧ˣʮһ˷ܵЩֲ嶫ʱת취µʹͻȻʹʮһֱӴ˳
һд󹦸֮ʮһ˳Ť״ҪСƴļƣһ㰡
Сʹ඼ܲ˵Ļ̸ʲô𣿡Сȴһӵı飬󵭵˵ûû¾ͳȥɣҵģѾֱӵڷ콣ˣٲȥҪǱҰèҰȥɾͲˣ
ݣʮһ޺޵صһСһۣһʧ˿ռڡ
ǻع鵽ڵʮһûеһʱ۾Ȱظһµǰ״ǰʹطµĺ֢Ȼڣ鵤֮ԼΪҲ䵽һƷʦľ磬ʮһȴǸܵԼΪȻ󽵣ȴǺҪǰһƴʱ˺ܶ࣬ת취ҪôģҪ֪ͬƷĶ̶֣ȾĶٺתٶȡ
ˣǸˣת취ٶȻһϺܶ࣬ͬȼ֮ڣĵ֣ȻˣҪ̫Ҳûа취ʮһڹ۲ԼʱһЭԺ
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ƪͲƪûʲôûӰ죿ʮһĵʵ
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лл㣡ʮһĵлԺеƪݷˣ

Ȿݲƪ֣ʮһϸͨƬ֮ݵĿھѾԺУھѶֻʮһݿھֻһ룬Ȿ滹кöɬѶĻֻȫ
ǲƪݺ˵з²Цرӣ
ʮһνע֮ûκԥĬĬ˷ʮһòһӣԭʵݱƽһ㣬ֻ˫ǳȴûκα仯ȻôˣüһЩƤȥҲֲһЩֻϤϸϵĻǻϵóģ
ʮһתÿһ̲ˮ¹⿴ȥԼĸı֮ò⣬ʮһȵԼͷôɰɫˣ
ҪѯС죬뻹ˣϸһ֪ԭԭԼԱ֮ûը޵һŭ֮ͷ԰ף
ֻԼİôỹǰɫأˣɫͰɫɣøǰһЩ
ʮһ̧ͷɨһܣһƶߣֻĸаԼȫûӡ󰡣ʮһҸһ£
콣ʮһƶߵȥȻҲ֪ŷ콣ۣҲû취ûȥҲûж԰
ǿɫѾϰ˵ˣһϲԼںʲôûдأⱻ˷ֻ̬


195 һ񾭲
ȿȣС죬ҵʱûʲô𣿡ʮһ˸ĴţεС졣
ͼһſ·ʲôûģҸʲôһ°ɣСҲңСһº˵ǲˬĽһſ˷콣ڲ۵ĵط
СĻʮһɱ˵ĳ嶯ˣС£СԼӾô˿ǺܳԿ
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µʮһ뵽Լû·Ĵͷˬ֮¾ȥһ£Ȼ̴ܶٺСǻܹһŮ
ٺ٣磬û뵽ô㣬ץȥͷ̫̣ˣǽǴʮһһ
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˵Ǹأͷǿϧˣ
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˽̸䣬ʮһѾַŵˣڼץ˵ֻʣΪ׵ӺԵһˡ
ĬĬظ֮ʮһ׼һŮӵеľһţֱеƨϣеǰˤȥ˼˹ϣһſ˵ϣ
Ҳڣ˭ôңߵСܴ
Ҳڣ˭ôϹѹϸƨϲŮˣѹµĹȴĺ
˵˲䣬ʮһѾһץסץŮӣһַ콣һӣֱһСܵıϣתֵؿӡ

ڷӦŮӣԼһ˱ڻУʱԼôôùһöĵĸףҪǿԼȻҪԼ˸ծòˣȴǸ·ģѵԼմӻѳҪǸ
Уû˧𣿡ʮһûİһۻпŴеŮӣǵģҳ˧ҲôŰɣԼıĿ̫ټˣ
ʮһĻŮһ£еˣˣһǸ񲡣Ȼô᲻·ôأ
СӣҲ㲻·ΪʲôҲʲôͷ֪Ů˭Ҫ𣿡ʣµסҪǰĹȣðһ˿˵Ȼ֪ǰΪλһ˿ңΪλŮӣ֪ӿϢĸɵСܾˡ
Ŷ˵˵˭ģ˳˵һ½Ǽ¼ţʮһ¿ŶӣְһۻڰŮ˵ַ֪𣿡


196 Ҵ
ԲԲҲǹģͷһۣæջ֣ȻһֱǸСȴѾߺһƬ
˵ʮһûȥСѾϼһŮӣŶһͷ
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ӵĽ֮ʮһ˼һһͷŻеŮӵ˵ʲôүǸͷ𣿶ˣʲô֣
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ӣʮһţȴǱˣɫһϲ˵Ҫ߿Ҿ͵ûȥԺүֻûΣ
͵û£ʮһһɻĿŶӡ
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ӵˣʮһеĳסˣҪٵĽࣿ
ǽٷ˰ǲǸˣһŵʵ
㵹ǽһҿٷϻ1ʱû͸ɾľͲˣʮһЦſӣ漴۾һɣз콣һ壬˵ӵָС
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£˭Ҷһ£Ҿǣʮһ˳ĺ£˵
ʮһĻ󣬳ֿһ۶ڵϱͷ̧ͷСһǰȥȻʮһĻܻ죬ʱȷʵܰĵģ
һҲӵǰʱ̧ͷźۼĶݺݵصһ۳Ȼڳȥʱٴεͷ
ǱǸ۾ģһָһ߽Ķŵһ۾Уָһ˵ٵģ
У֪ˣȥ·ɣʮһ˵ͷ˵
Ӧøʲôߴİͷ˫ִ½˵
㲻Ѿһʲôߴ磿ʮһааЦһ˵


197 ҽ峾
⣬ʮһĵϷ󣬳ͷȴǺ¿ÿģ̧ͷֲʮһֻ֧֧˵
ˣȥһܴ˶ͺãڳߴ㣡ʮһķӦ˵
յʮһָʾ󣬳ҲƵˣһֻ˾Сһ㡣
ǲǿԷˣӶڵϿһ˿Ҷǵʮһ˵
ˣʮһ˵ͷЦе˵
ʮһĻӵСֱӾվͷҲصܿˣӸǵϴӻںˡ
Ψһûܵľֻһӣһǹȣһʮһ⾹ȻǸǮ۾С
ż𣿡ʮһЦĿˡ
ǺǣǲǶֵģ֪ɷѣӺǺһЦʮһʮһӲչ£ܶʶһҲûġ
ѣۿһ󣡡һ⻰ʮһЦˣЦĺܲá
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Ҵôһ峾Ļһ£æŵ˵
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198 
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ǳĸף뵽ղ峾ԼĿ⣬ǲ֪ôԼŮ
⸽õ𣿡峾ûעĸ׵ı飬ֻŰԿĸŮߣոհʹҲѾ˳ĸ˲ɾĶͲǵʲôزֻҪʱʹ󣬸ˣ
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200 һʼǾܾ
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201 ү
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·Ūˣ֪ĻҾͲ·ˣ峾ֹһͱԼϵĳζѬˣֱ´ϴּ䡣

峾˫ɫ֮ع鵤֮ʱңԶĳһֳָһϮɫȹ䣬ͷϴһϽڵŮȴԶ˵ڳɹϣԺ֪ʱԭңһжΪٳɳ

ڵĺ֢Ѿˣ峾ĸˣԼҪ֮ǰһƷʦʱǿ̫һϴһ߿ĵĳС
ʵ峾ĵĻһԭǾͻƵһ˲䣬оһǿԺƺһ˲ľһ˿ı仯Ȼ峾ȴȻܿģΪоǹĪİûԭģֻһΪ֮˵ıܣ
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УװʲôװҪţʱôү㣡콣ڲСߵһһɳ̲ɹ̫һ˫۷Ժ⣬ֻС˫צԺŵĿ汩׵峾
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֪һģģȻǸҿñİ취㿪ĵģƼƺǷһ㣬ƴץס峾֣һֻȴ͵峾塣

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һжҵĴ´һƴȫ㿪ģƼƺ֪峾˼˵
Ǻǣ㻹ûʶﰡڲ֪𣿡ŲѾſˣ峾Ҳϻֱ˵ص㣡
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ȫ֮峾һ۴ͬİƼ˿ľ䣡


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峾˵תָͨڱʼϣ˵ֻһƷʦǱϾ峾һʶ£̺ɽ֮ƣ֮ͣʱһâһɢȥ

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ڳͰƼעУ峾˷ſڣȷ֮պɰǺŰһһʵĻš
ŰǺƹһĺɫģͻȻһԼһеĸо

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205 ս
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峾һȦֻȥ磬ǹһĨҵЦݣ
峾һһڴϵİƼȥǺʣǰĳһ㿿ĸ׵峾һֲһĸо
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Ȼ֪峾ڸʲôǳԼĸôġ
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֪峾ⲻٸĸ˵Ǹǵĸڵ˵ء
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תѾ峾ƼתͶŴȥ
еķס峾ŷĳһ¶ʹı飬Ĵָŵҧơ


206 ڻ
һʺѪҺϣǱ߳峾ĺҲǻعԼĸףòԥ߬ŷ֡
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һִ峾ֲִһֻ͵ȥ

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207 Ҫź
ԭ峾ڷ콣̳ȥͬʱһֻ͵͵ָ׻ָڹҪͬھʱѪֻһصķ˳ȥ
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ԼĴѧҵҲҪʼ˰ɣ֪ӺݺǷ񻹺á
뵽峾뵽УԼǸӦѾԼ
˼ת䣬һһװơȻף¾Ʊ֮峾ǰٺϻһŮ˵Ժɣ
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Ǻãס仰ǧҪźȻЩźȴҲһ峾ῴеЦһץһơ


208 ұȵʿ
ԼߵŮѾˣԼԴھ֮󣬲֪ôģԼϵҲ֮˱仯ƶŮһ֮Ҫ֪ģҪԼǷʲôаŹ
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ǿ˴λУһѪ֣֮ԼúĸŮ֮Ͳٳǵ֮ˣ
һûһţҲ֪Ƿ峾е˼ǲȥ𣬿峾ȵôģҲСһСڡ
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صõ֮峾ֱӻصԼķ˯
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ϴ֮峾Ǵųĸ˼ҿȥߴһıݣƼһЩǮǽΪĸȻָˣǱϾ滹гһϵĻһجΣ
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209 ɰ
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ڹ峾óֹӵĸ첲ϻһֱֻһƷѡ
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ʲôҲûµгһ£ŵĿһ˵ƺǵıʲô߿


210 ҽ
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ֻҪܾŮѣҪȥУ㣡ͨҧҧ˵峾ô˵ͨһ峾һåȴǿ峾飬峾˵Ůѵֻѡš
Ůѣ峾кһ˫͵ǰཻһָʳָָĵŮĽϣӡԽԽĿͨҲ˲ԣӡôôͲӡ
йӡ峾֪ͨӵ뷨ͷҲ̧˵ֱŮĽϣһһĦš
ͨӿԼŮѵĽױһİסҸȻܲζ뵽ľٶԼܽܣԾͱ۾ŮҪ
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211 
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ӣ峾֮ǰåǣһĨƵóѵЦ˵Ժ˵ˣֻǳͷһ£
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212 Ļ
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ȥɣ㣡峾һЦһԵʯϣĿĻ̵Ѭա
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213 ү
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214 һŭΪ
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215 ˵
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һ˯˼Сʱ峾ʱѾҹɫˣӦһ֮峾ϴ˰߳ʱȴż˹
ˣ͸ȥɣҪȵǣתȥЦǺǵĴк
ǺǣǺã߰ɣ峾Цһ²Ϊ˵Լһ֪µģ
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221 ̸
У㲻Ҿ֪ڿ㣿ʲôЦ㲻Ǿ̫˧ˣϲ˰ɣ峾ƦӵĵϷһȥ
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һξ峾ʱı˵Ψһһʦˣڸߴıǲͬ࣬Ȼ˵ֵˣΪʦˣһҲɵûһ׼ûһ㹥
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˷ֳ⳵˻峾˯ʱѾ˻Ʊ峾֤⣬峾Ҳ֪ʲô취Լ𳵵ʱƱģȿȣؼû֤Ȼ˭Ʊأ
˷ɻıֱԼλϣ峾ȴֱԱߣԭӦλá
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Ϊʲôȥݲ˹ˣ˭ıʳĵһ仰Ȼô⣬峾ǷӦ˺þ֮Żع
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˵ǰıھǧ֮ΣͣôڵıһֻƶĶߣҲһЩµϢһֶһжٱϣֻΪһ˿ڼ֡
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222 
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ã۾ҽھʽԺУסǧҪֿ峾˵һԺĬĬƵĿھֳʽָ״˱۾ıĶͷϣһĹâ˳峾ָۿɼٶıĶͷӿȥ
ű۾оָָԼͷϵıͻȻ·ܵ˵һ㣬͵һоԺкʲôҪһ㣬ʶľҪֹ
ɣԺд峾ʱı֮ǰ峾˵ĻǧҪֿɵ÷ֿǹĪϢԺС
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֮ı۾һһĪɡ
̫࣬ǿ̫ˣһ£ǧҪҾͳԴˣ峾ı٩˵һ䣬ΪһƷıÿǷԼġ
˵ʵԼƷȷʵΪıʵ̫ˣȽĹѨ֮һʲô⣬ôҲиԱļܣϾʶһԼôҲܼȰɣԼղſ࣬ͷһ˿⣬ǼһâһѾҪļ
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Сʱҵʱ䣬ٴεǻ峾ȻѡıߣЦӾǵҪСʱķɻһŮôҲҪȺһãοУһӷֲͷһûҡӸƵģһ˵ˣŸ۾Ĵҿ֪ĻΪǸɫħء


223 ͬ
ߵıŮƯֺãҪǻԼʶҹϵҲԣԼ߰ĵ˯˵ûԼˣ
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峾̧ͷ˵ķȥȴ۾ͻȻһǣһĨȻ˵Цݡ
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ϰ壬ôأ𱻱˿ˣһεεŮ峾ĶС
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أ
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Ȼıѹţֲվֻȷ˸·λ̾ϢһλϼĿϢ俴أ
ʱǺܿģȻڷɻϣ峾Ǻܿ붨ˣĬĬظת
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߰ɣжõ˵ǸطȻһɧӣҡȡ
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Ҫȥ𣿾ȻôԶϽ߰ɣӣһ絽ı顣
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ԭıһģǱ峾ҪӲקˣԻԼγҪ档
û˵γҪģ椾ֱ˵ˣ
峾ȴǲǷԼֵıԣıҲǺȻĿļϿ⣬ֻһѵģڼϵһ顣
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224 ˵Ĺ
һ׺֣峾Ȼ֪׸ʲô֣ȴоԼղŷ龹Ȼؾ
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ĵһҺСӣǳ۵ľƷ֮һΡ
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ⲿ겢ǺĵӰ峾ǺϲģȻһٸ˿ⲿӰĸܻһٸ
ҵǸӢۣһɫƲȢңֻǰͷȴ²֡Ӱ˵仰ʱ峾Լ˳ŤͷȥһǿıȻˣȻ޵úСǱ峾ˡ
˵ʵ峾ܾ֮ǰⲿӰʱҲǴΪʱĽϸպ֣ʧ״̬Űת뿪ɲǣĴ˽ɫһʹĽϣֻлټĽϵĻ׿һΪζ
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ĵŮʹҸСһȥȻ鲢ûоʹ˽ԭߺǸŮ˸˵ҪŮץסҹܻȥ˲ӦĻǸŮ˾жһԭǸŮһģǸ˺һҲѾܾˣֻŮȴɵɵһֱûз֡ҺŮٱ׷ɱʱһ˾ˣŮ㱨ȴǷԼĸĸ˾ȻɱˣһŪɱļŮɳȥµ飬ȴǱ˻ǸŮ˵ļ˷׷ɱһŮ23꣡
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225 
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ʵıһڽ峾֪ıԼĹ£֮ǰıѪȴû뵽ôĳޣһ峾һͬ˵ĸд
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ʮǮԼȥһı˳峾ָȥɵЦˣӹֽĲһϵˮ
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˵Ű·ͦģٶأ峾ˣôԼûʶ峾ϴ·ȻǴЩ֮·
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ҿʲô˼㳤ƯһȺǮϹԸ·ʲôϵң峾ˣҪڷɻϲܴԼǸԡڵĴУʵõĽܳ꣬һҪúøۣ
֪㼵ңҪǮҲһȥǸʲô갡ģıһ˲ӣǲ֪⻹Ĺ˵֡
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һҪСģһֻҪ˳ǾͶ֣
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ʱڵͷͻȻ̧ͷ峾ķȻȴֻһȺСȥıӰ
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ıĻ峾ҲǸеԼĻеˣᾭ椿ҪԼǿˣҲñӣ


226 갮
ǺǣСһ·ദÿɻ죿˵䣬ЦǺǵ˹
Ȼ죬Ůһ·᲻أ峾һЦֶգһۣ˼˵Ӧöð
ߣһϳٸҷңСĵû˵ĵطҾɱ㣡ıҲϵĵһۡ
İһ峾ռ˱λãıǷ峾ﻹе㰵ˬģ˹ϵԽãԼҪеļƻԽ
ǺǣҾȹǱٿףλ;죡Ϊ˵ĲϺǿģȴûб¶һ׻Ǳȥ
һĻúţԶȥıӰ峾̾һ䡣
ǰ˭˵ԼĻݵĹıһȴĵƮһ仰
ð˵ⲻݣֻҵһѣ峾Ĵһۣûע֮˵һ䡣
ϳˣ㳶֮ĳǴˣٴλصλ峾ںĵʹ֮ĵһ˵λãҲˣһǸһ𣬶ȴǰ档
ʲôأⲼװʲôôоһأıһ峾ָָλϿſŵһòŵĳ塣
ǺǣǺöؼʱ̾ģ峾һЦһıҪ鿴뷨
˵úϡƵģֻǺôôϷɻģԣڷɻϵʱûⶫı峾һ֮ԹԵ˵ţͻȻʲôƵָ峾˵
Ǻǣܣ峾صЦһº󣬱ıϵĶԹԵĲ˶ϣͱ۾ڵȴıŸ衣
ıҧŴ۾Ѿ̲ס˴ֿڣү
ıģԼûбһһеʱŻˣеʱȴܰҪ
Ҫ˵ǲǱ֮ǰǸĵ˸ĿˣʵǲܳΪģΪŭһһô顣
峾ıһΪԼɵɵŷֱܵ˺Ļ峾ֻһ仰ݣ˭ʱûôһأܽҲ갮
ֻһһε˺вŻѧ᳤峾ΪֹĸܣֳֻԸҪΪִ
ıߵһֻ˶Уּ
٣ȫѳͣ·Ϩ𣡡


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һλٷ˵ı£˾ʦҲֻýͣһϨ˻
ǣôȻҴ绰
žһһٷ˶Աߵһ긾ŮһƣֻϵԼһŮֲҿ޶϶ĳ
峾ȴǲɵüͷһ壬˸˲һҲȫһûб䣬Ǹʵ򾯾ԷǳߵȴǲУǸ긾ŮֻһƵȴ³ֵģ
ôˣʱ˵ľ⼸ٷˣıҲ˳¶Ŀһۣ󿴵һԵ峾üͷ֪Щʲôǳʵ
һ㲻Ծ峾ҡҡͷһԵı˵
ʲôԾģë𣿡ıеǲ⣬ôСٷǻǷַӾ͸㶨
嶯ٷûô򵥣㿴ǵվλԼ飬ȫһͨŻ峾Ժǲмı˵ıһûסǻ˴˵Լ˲һ򲻹ǣΪҪõҲһˣǹı¶ʵ峾·
Դ鵤֮峾κ鶼ýûԷĵ֮ǰԲԼʵ¶ڶԷǰ
ãǰңıȻ֪峾Ϊλô˵֮ҲֻǿӦˣֻȴһǰᣡ
ֵǮĶóֻҪǮҪвʶĻ߸˽صģͱȥظˣЩٷѾٷһǰһӺǰÿһڰߴžŵĳ˿ͰֵǮĶȥ
峾ı棬ԵĽٷԱߵĲ֮󣬱㿴


227 ̫
Ǻǣ磡峾æסҪıһЦӽȥһǮıҪ˵ĿУùֻҲ˽ȥ
ڽٷ˱ӵУ峾λٷˡ
㵽׸ʲô֮ǰҴʱأôŷô˰ٷߺıǱ˳ֻȴǿڶ˿üķΧڣıһֻȴǺݺݵһ峾Ĵȡ
ãұֻ֤һûϷɣǲύȥģ峾ǿϴľʹһԵıţóῴһʵ
Ļ̫ˣıͲȡֵˣ峾Ľͺ󣬱㲻ˣҲѧ峾͵͵Ĺۿ֪ĻΪΪ²ҿأ
Ȼ峾룬ǰٵĽٷյʱⷢˡ
ûǮͷҲ̧ľͿʼˡ
ҲڣôûŪԼذɣǽٷˣٶȵֵǮĶߣٵĸˣӵļһɵǼɵ
ȥүģӲ㣬㻹ӣֱӾǱŭˣվŽٷ˵ͷͷһơ
ȻѣԤſٷ˵ûгֻ֣ٷ˺ƺǻŵȥܹһƣ˵ĸоͺΪ¶Ĳһ
Ȼ峾ȴһ⣬ղٷһɲǽŵ±һ࣬ԤѾ֪ĳй켣һ㡣
Ǹ֣ı֮ǰ峾Թ۲Ҳϸٷ˽µĶ֮󣬲ɵ̾
֪˼˰ɣһҲվȥæǧ𶯣峾NɪͬʱıİۣΪʲôܰһŮأ峾ݺݵرԼһ¡
Сãλô㣿Ȼ˶ֽܷٷ˽µĶģ˵˾ûǸֻһ˲ȾȥһУʱǽٷ˾Ȼ֮жԼһȭоǶӣһϥײ˽ٷ˵ĸ
ϣ
ٷ˴һȥĲһֻ̧ȴϥǵϣʱһԼλϣ˸ɿǱߵڱĳ˿ϵĽٷˡ
źܶ˿ԹϥǵĳһûôһɺƱһĸоʱҪǻغܶࡣ
㵽˭¶һ˿棬˵һιĻôأһλôɵķʽƽԼĹһһֻ֣һϲԻĸ֡
ٷ˰ǲˣٷվ֮мĿһ򰣬ٴν쵽ǰ
ʱģϵӲӲ֪Լٷ˵Ķ֣ԼȴԼʩչĻһء
ֻǽٷȴˣԼȴֻһˣһĸԼأᰡһ˽ս׼Ǯǵʱ
ȴֱվǽٷ˹˹ֶָһߵĻ򰣬˵λӰɣǼһģ
˼ԣһģҲҪǴ缸Ҳ㣬֮û˵峾ıΪ̫ˣΪıǸˣ峾ϵıҲӦòǸϣû뵽ٷȫήˣ
Ҫ֪˵µʱô˵ĻͲˣֻҪĹѨ֮ܰԼа
е뷨峾ȴǸͲںԽںԼԽãԼͿԳ䲻Ѿģ
ȻıȴǺܲˬݺݵһ峾ҪǿŮˣ˿ǾԲģʵϣ
ǺǣһİΨһһվмĽٷ֮ȻعͷЦһ¡
ǵģһģ󿴼ǸòƽٷͷӵļһعͷԼЦϲɵ¶һ˿Ŀɨһۺ󷽵峾ıһۣ˵û
峾еЦͬʱȴǱȳһĴָӣ
Nɪɣһ޵ʱˣ峾һ߱ŴĴָһȴֹţһԵıУһӣ
һ˰ɣòƽٷͷӵļһĵ˵һ㲻ٴ
ת̫ˣľһûüȥܾѾʧˣ
󱻽ٷͷ仰ֱӸˣⲻ԰õľ籾ӵİճ˵ӦѡԺ͵
ءıһĻûƷЦ˳峾æԼס죬Բŷ


228 ıĹ
СϷŸտʼıԼ峾æָָͣǰļˡ
ûϴ˵ˣֵǮĶȫߵĽٷҲЦĸоǿЦһͻ˵
ڿЦ浱үүǺ۸𣿡ŭˣڣٷ˶ѣԼүˣǲ峾ıˣԼһͿ
ôǲ𣿡ٷͷӻع¶һ˿мı鿴
үһ־ͳٷ˶ȥֻҲԼƣȴ͵͵ļһŷ׼䲻һʤ
Ȼ鰴뷨仯ţȥ֮бԷһĿˣڶԷ¶һ˿мͬʱһϲ֪ˣֽű嵲סŶԷǰȥ
ۿžҪԷϣԼܸоһ˧ĻʱȴǷˡ
ֻоһɾԼϮδüӦ͸оܵһɾһˤ˳ȥ
ˤڵ֮ǲһѪоԼһֻ첲Ѿһ㣬ּ򴦴һ˺һʹͷϵĺˮž
ҧŭźôҵˣǸ߷֮мĽٷͷӡ
ͻȻ״˵ڳע⵽˵ĻҲֻ峾ˣıҲǱ֮ǰͻȻ־ˣû뵽־Ȼôϣû뵽ǣôգ֮ſڵأ
лطżĻıһᵹȥһ»طţ
ڷ𣿡ٷͷӿһ۰ڵż󣬻ô赭дһ䡣
ظȴվҡеȣԼһ׵Ľٷͷӡ
ȻٲƣҲɱô˵ģٷͷͷһ촽һѪĸо
ڵһͨĳ˿ŵλϲҳˣԼȥڴ˵ǮƱϾֻҪģֻΪ᲻Ǯ̫ɵˣ
иСƷһ仰ıĪǮڣ
ϵͻһٷ˶վɨһȦҪҵ峾ıæʱȴûҵ
֪ո̧ͷһ̣峾ѾһѰıͷһصλ档
ƾĻҲһгɣٷͷȻѰӣдһ˿߰˵
ˣҶһѾŽٷͷӹȥв֪ʱѾ˼ŷһһʰװļһȥǣ
ٷͷҲ˼˵ĲͬĻȫȥӲӲһԵλԾԼһ֮ߣͷϥŻ°ײȥ
ս˶򰱾밴ջĻһ˶Ըһٷ˵ģȴû뵽ֱӱһסˣĴ󼱵ͬʱһٷ˾ȻµļȥȡֵǮĲˣɵһȴһֱӵĸо
ʵֵǮ߳˵Ļ˿Ҳڶһþò
Ҹ㴴ᣬһŵʣµٷ𣿡峾Եı˵۾ȴһֱڶǱߵս֡
㿴ҵʵʡΪҺ۸ı峾Ļ˫һαӾȻѾ˳ȥֱżȡֵǮƷĽٷˡ
峾Ȼûϵıôȥ˵ȫģԼθıռȫΪƵԭ򣬱ϾԼĽս޵ģ
˽еķ콣峾һգգĶıǽٷ˵սԤ֮ǰǸȥֵĻһѡȹıΪĿǰսֻıѹԵƣ
ȻҲıĳ䲻йϵʱıһнһУһȭһȭȫսĽٷһ㷴Ļᣡ
һߵڿıֺȴһϲ˲֪ȴ֪ıսۿıһ߲һӣǵͱǿֲģ
ııҲû⣬һֱѹԵŹŶ֣ʤҲֻʱˣֻҪıǱʤˣô߾ͱʤɣ
µľ󶼿ˣ峾ῴıսĽٷսֻʱˣӳҲǷַӵˡ
飡
ͻȻ֮䣬ıץסַϵһյһ߳˶ԷţһϾԻѪڹؼʱǽٷ˾Ȼ˫۸סˣǵӲһѪˤڵϡ


229 
ҪıӶ⼸һִеķ룬ڵ˴ĴܾΪһԼ߶ɥ
ıԥ˫һŵرˤڵ׼Ľٷ˳ȥڰ;и˫ߵһţ֮˫Žٷ˵žȥ
һҵˣٷ˾㲻Ҳˡ
ȻϷԵģ峾һֱڵŵһĻڷˡ
飡
һײı󵹷˳ȥײһĵһ㣬ķˤȥ
ھѾ峾еԶˣ峾ϵʱøıɶϸ룬һסıСһ콣ȥȴǲͣתţжȥıɳȥɾ
ﬣ
콣ӳȥ˲һ峾ֻоֱһֱһ飬нŵķ콣˶ַɳȥ
ת˽ӽʮȦ֮峾ıͣסӣеıɫе԰ף˵Ѿжȥ˴󲿷ֵǻܵһ˺
ɿı֮峾ۿŶӣǿȥӣʱһ˵һ̡
֮ʱ峾Խص˳θеʱ
ǣδ̣峾ǰӵͬʱҲڴ
峾峾鲻䣬Լڵ֡
˾ͺһһƾΧսڴ򶷣⳵ڴ˿ֻʣǶƵġ
ڵͻȻЩѹֳƣǱߵͻȻ˸ղŵһĻǿһıӣȻ峾סˣȻ˸ղֻһ֣ҿȥ峾·磬ıս֪ġ
Ҳһ⣬ıΪҲȴûô赭дסһ
һ̣˾Ƕ֮ǰǱӵ峾ѵһһֱڰԻ
ʵʵֻ峾֪νԼԼ֪ոΣ֮£Ѿ˫ɫ֮ټϷ콣Ų̫ˣǶõķֻһ̣ͨеĶ磬ȴǻռϷʹ̲𻵣òʮֵľ
ıȻ֪峾νסǹģ֪峾ֻڲǸղһɵģֻǶȺ΢÷ǳѣٿһʱҲȫע䱸ţ
ݣ
ͻȻһ˵ĶУѭȥԭվĶǺ峾Ȼʧˡ
ʱĶڵмλãԿ峾Ǳһλϣڽսš
Ͱһ߹ǰĽٷˣһ߲ԽĵӣΪ֪ⳡʤĹؼǣǸս
УûõģϴԳֲκģٷͷӣҲǴ˿սˣĻ֮ƲƲ죬г˶峾ĲмͶԶǵĳݡ
ﬣﬣﬣ
һƹƹҵĽ֮ʱһĻš
Ժ˼֮峾͸оһжǵļһϵ̫ˣԼҪ콣ӳ֣½Ӳоͻᱻҳ
Һõǣ峾еʱıȴǴԱ߹˹Ŷǵͷ
һ˲峾ȻխĳãĹÿ˲ŵӣںıһл֮£Ƕһʱ֮仹е㷽ҡ
Ҫ峾̫ˣıֱ峾Ӱˡ
˵ĹÿһνӵĶܺã˵ĹضϮ·Ҳ˵ıǵϰô峾ضɨǵ£һ
һΪǸֵ𾴵Ķ֣û뵽ôɣһֱùµĶǿʼϵĳֻѡĶѡˡ
ɱ֮ҾͶ˵һжɱ㣡峾֪ܵĻһ䡣
ҲһҵǸ峾Ĺһ֮˵
Ҳһ־ܣ峾˵ţϵĹȴ˿Ӱ졣

Ѿˣڣôô޳ܵˣĸ˻־ܣһ˵ʱ򲻶ֱӾͽе
Ǳ߿һ֮ùһһ峾ĻǱıԼ˶еˣ֮ȴҲӽ˹ƣϾʤĻ˭ҲܣԻ˭ֻȥأ
ǳջͷһԼսֵܣһԼǰû⣬ط̫խʩչҪʱ᳤ܻһЩԼֵȴǵȲˡ


230 ַɱ
϶ǸӵڵĴȻռϷ磬Ҫʱ֮ȡʤҲеѣǱȴѾ᧿Σ·硣
ͣƽһ֮󣬶ǴӶ̣峾⧲֮ٴӲӲһ֮͵ȥ²ͣ䶯˻δӦ֮ʱ϶̶ŻĳǱĳһơ
峾ı׷ȥʱ򣬶Ѿ赭д˺Լֵܺһ
˲Ϣ֮ķӦͼ㣬ڳ˾סˣ峾´󾪣֪ԷûʹȫԼҲûȫֻһ˲ķӦȴǾ峾
֣ͣٴһһ۶ԷˣĿⶨ峾˵֪㲢ûþȫռ̫խʺսǸսΣ
ǵĻ峾ûʲôӦֽ˺ֵվһʱ֪ҪսˣȻĻһ˲ȫһ
ֻصȴ峾һص峾ȻкУѾе֮ˣ
Ǻǣÿ˶ûоȫ𣿡峾˵ľĿ֮󣬼˵װεĸʹ˸ɫ˵һŻŻ
ǣڿ峾֮æ˵ͷӦ峾Ļ
Ƕ峾ĪЦЦԵֵܲ˵ֵܾ˳
峾֪Цʲô˼ûȫȻѾˣҲԼʱƴģ
Ǽ˾ô˳ǺɫӻڳϣһЩ˿ͷӦ֮ҪûԼĶֻѾһ˺ɫӡ
ޣĶıһŴӣһַԼֻ峾Ĳ
ӵıԭҪǰĳ˿ȫˣıǿ־ģϾ֮ǰǵٷ˵ĳǿǿ˵ģ
ıҳԼĶ֮㽫ֶһԣԼλȥͲȥܱ˵뷨
ڵг˿Ͱ󣬻ڶһȣǾȵĲı߷ŴڵĶǾȵŸմܣǼûзӦͣڸղŵս֮أıȴǵã˼ѾղҳˣûһԼ֮ǰĶˡ
Ҳֻ峾ıΪˣҲ֪Ϊʲô⣬Ϻ͸Ƶġ
Ǵż³˾æؽţҸûԼĶһ峾οǾȻû˶һԼĶ⵹Ǻܳ峾ϡ
ͻ峾ЦЦٴԼλϲ֪Щʲô
ֻǳٴο峾ȴǷֺܶ˶͵͵ĿԼԼӦȥʱЩȫתȥԼһ˵Ķħһ㡣
ô£лôһ͵ңŮҲˣؼһһǣ˼峾ıʳԼɻ
ڼֻ𻵵ıǺֵĿһ峾ٴεͷֻ˵Ϊղŵı̫ˣ
һһ˵仰˵Ҫǲ֣ѵҪҿ㱻𣿡峾״Լһô͵ôˣ˵ѵҪԼܲ
൱͵ˣ͵Ҷɱ㣬𣿡ıǼֻб۾峾ûֻֻֽ߬ȭͷһԲʹ峾һٵĸо
ʲô˼ҪʲôҿǾһ㲻ôģ峾ŵĶıյȭͷٴ׳ԼıһΪ롣
ұ죬ҷϻһ䣬Ųҷַɱ㣡ıǱŭˣȭͷͳ峾ȥȻѣ峾ϵıŭǣһĨƵóѵЦݡ
峾һҲȥ񵲣ֻǵȭͷҵԼϵʱһֻסıֱۣƷѾ籡жȥıȭͷϵĴ󲿷ı׼һ߳ʱĿɿڴ鷢ˡ
ʹ峾һ˳ȥײһǶµϣҺеġ
ıŭ峾ĳʹԼˤڵϵͨڵĳ˿ѽȫĿⶼ˹
ˤڵϵľȻ峾󣬺ö˶վıλãȻаԼˡ
ԭŮ˱峾Ҫݣ˵ưߵĻһ֮ٴλϡ


231 αҪ
ȿȣûû£ҶˣҾǲСˤһ£峾ĿѾﵽװεĴӵվصԼλϡ
ңһԳԼЦ峾ıǿŭʵ
ȱҽͣ峾ȰסıȻпһȭ
ҪǲҸĽͣŲҸûꣿı˫ֱһ˵ŵļơ
ȿȣʵǿϰɣ峾һһñӴ˹ȥ
ҸղݵϷֻΪ˸ǿģǵĹ֮Ҫһ峾֯һ˵ֻ˵֮ȴǸо仰ǰЩìܣ˼һºûڲѣҪͣȴǱı˻ֹˣ
㲻ýˣ֪ڰοң㱾ͱҪôһ㣬Ҳֻһѣı˵ԥһؿ峾˵һҪҵõս⣡
һ峾ĵͷ˱㲻˵֮ǰһ˴һֻ
ó̵ûзκ⣬һ·˳ı㵽˳ֻ֮Ǯһ󱨳˵ص㣬˱˳ֻıһǰ棬Իڿ峾Զһˣ
峾ελϣҲ棬Ȼͻһмλϡ
ҪʻСʱĳ̣峾ҲȷʵˣλϾ˯ˣֻصǰе龰ǻص˸ϴѧʱԼһһȥѧУ
ţһƬ羰Ĳݵأɵפ۾ͻȻԶһЦŤͷȥһŷɫȹŮʱŮһλŮһա
Ľϵĵһμ棬ȷ˵һμĽϣ֮㲻԰ΣС
һ߹˺ֱܶܶ࣬һĽҲûг֣˺ܾҲûҵ峾صȴǼĽϵĸĽ誣֪ĽϳˣҪٵԼˡ
Ļ峾һ֮ȥҵһ͵ǸԼѧʱһθͬʱҲΪԼĳһսᡣ
ˣطˣиҪˮ峾ͱҡˣ۾عһ˿ŭɫһ۾ٴʱЦЦ˵ǲ˼˯ˣ
峾ˣҲ˻˵峾̫СˣǶ峾˵ܹټһˮʤǰ˵
ˣһỹҪһȻǾͻᵽɽɽһСׯûп峾֮ǰһŭɫشһƿȥ
Ҫȥﰡôо˰أıЩӣԼС˵
ϸһҲȷʵηɻʮСʱղСʱϵĹͷɢ
˵ıˣ峾Щ˴ʱҲоеۣ
λˣһһСʱǾ͵ׯˣڴׯЪϢһڶ󿴼˶еˣЦţʵֺγأֻһ뵽гͻо˷ܡ
˴ׯ֮󣬶ŪԾˣ˻һ·ɡ
Ҹ·ɣôʱ䶼ˣҲһСʱˣȵ֮úõĳһ˯һͺˣ峾Ҳǰ˰֣ͬʱû˼ҵС֮˵СֻΪǵͷϷһ޴ңֵϡ
峾һӣȻȥЩˣȻԿ֮˵Ĺǲģּɷ裬ֻǾ˲֪õķ紵Ѿķˣ
İɣѾˣ˵żһȥȻ³ʮҵĵطһƥɫһԼ׼ľ壬ͬľӡ
Ҳ֪Ǹϳʦ˵Щʲôֻ֪һЩûķԣ˾ϡ
˶Ǵûѡǰ棬ҲƨΪпܻʱģƱػܳ
峾˿֪ܵİıһȻʵȴֻж֪
峾ıһɽķ羰һӵסĵرȻʲô
ɽ̫ѾǿˣֻɫȻûкѣĵߵ峾Щ˼㱣ǰδְȥʱũæʱҲϺǺǵɵЦš


232 
һСʱ֮ܽһСׯڣׯССӴͷһۿԿͷ峾¹һҲôʮҵӡ
ʱʱ䣬ټ֮ҲȷʵǶˣ֮ǰȻ˳ԵĶ̫ȳ̫ƣȻСʱʱͱζˣڳϵʱͱӵˡ
ֻǱ˲ǣڸո̤ׯһ˲䣬峾ֳһ˿ɻı飬һӾָֻ
ͷһλũңǻҲ֪˵Щʲô߳һԼʮСǰΡ
µһ°ɣӦúܿͻгԵĶˣһȥ峾֮ûнԼϱŵúڲŷ콣ȡ⼸ҲԼͬԼİԼĽ¡
ˣ峾ֵܣ㱳ŵľʱǶǴʱõĴ󽣰ɣŵȳԵʱ䣬һĿ峾
峾Ӧһʵϴȥϴһ
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ҺԹˣܳ㣬ҰӰãǾȥɣվһ˵ţһ߽һɽһͷҿһźֵܴĴϣô峾֪֪һ˿϶ɣ
֮һ˵ȥһ£˭һ£
һ£Ļ֮󣬻˻ش
峾һ֮˵ҵȥȻ͵͵ĸıʹһɫ
ı洳ô꣬ѲǵǸڼŮˣ峾ʾ֮˵֮ǰ˵ҵĸ
̧ͷһıû˵ʲô
峾֮ҪԼȥıĸȥԭġ
һȥԼڶȥôʣı򰣬ʲô⣬ıΣգıڶȥҲǲȡģսıܲһ󣬵ΣվԼȫ֪ʲô


238 ţͷ
žͺúܶˣԼȥʲôΣգз콣ֶӦһ£ı֣ʤ治˵Ͼɽ֣ΪɽսĹӶ˵͸˼һ
źȺ˳֮˵Ҿȥȥ֮һӶڶԴƣ
£˳ŵһһ˳ȥ
峾ڿһۣīڵʲôֻһڹ¡˵Ķ濴ȥɣͺһſ˴죬һһԼĵƵġ
ν־δ֪ԽҪʲôδ֪
ԼҵӣֻӶ˵һּ尾Ȼÿ˶ֵͲģȥҲֵͲֻȻоȷ꣡
ϴһ˿һ֮򰽫Ӳãż˵һȥˡ
ͼˣ͵峾ȥʱˡ
峾Լϰ֮һһŶ˳ȥ峾ǰ˲ͬûȥֵͲǱ۾ȥܵ״
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һǻþ峾һ߾һĻţۿžҪײˣ峾ܿ·ˣͻȻⷢˡ
˻˻
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峾ɴ˫ۣؿĪĶһֵͷ­˳ⶫĺ֣еţӣеһˣֻгǵİôдǽġ
ʱţĹѾͷ­Ȼûӣֻôһͷ峾㶵ʱѾſ쳯ҧ˹
޴ò룬峾ֵͲϲһԹ̶ס壬һ飬콣Ȼ֣Ϳ˹ȥ
أ
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ô£Һʲô峾䵽ʱ߬ŵķ콣ɻʵ
һ֪ʲôĶҴˣ峾ڻһ䣬£ıİţ´û⡣
峾վһԴ£û뵽¾Ȼж죬ڵλӦĹѨڴǽڶʯͷɵģͺͺģǰһֵͨȥͷһʯţʯϵһЩ̫Զǿʲô
Ϊ»ܳʪ峾ǣĿоȻûгʪζ
ʱıҲѾˣ峾һ֮һӱ
߰ɣǰһʯţƿʯ֮ӦþĹѨˣڵλֻ˵ĹѨſڣȵҲһ߿ŵͼһ֮ǰ峾ʯǱȥ
˳峾汦һֵͲĴ֮⣬˶ܵıҲǡ
峾ȴǲô֮⻹һĿģǾҪúõоһĹѨķˮҪ֪ܿǺܶǰĹѨˣһ˸ַˮ֣ܺúõоһĻǾаһģ
ôоأʯǰȴͻȻ˵
Ϊô˵۾˸ž⡣
ǿʯߵԲǺܶǰµģӦѾһҵʱˣһָ֮һ˵
Ȼأһ˿⣬ȻһţǱһԵ峾ˡ
ԼɣûпеĺһߵһԵǽͻȻͣĳֵͲ֮¿Կһͻ
ֻһǿͻ˽ȥһ󡰺¡¡֮ǰʯҲӦ
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˵˵ɣＸΣȴǶŭмһˣЦһ˵


239 ˳
Ļ£⼸ȴͬʱˣֻǱȴͬȴͬ뷨ӵļһȻͿˣ
˵ʲôŭҲΪ仰ʧתʯȥҲǷΣա
ߣĺһ֮Ҳȥ
峾ȴǲΪʯŵӣ̵ľȻһЩЩ඼°ţϰˣͷȴֻǣ֮⣬Լ֮ǰֻ
ǺǣҲȥɣЦеĿһ峾˵
峾еľתƳһۻ˵룡
ı峾ĻȻе峾ǺϵһŻ
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䣡
һ죬˻ͷȥȴȻǵʯžȻԼˡ
λõģȥ·Ժûκιϵ峾ھȵʱ䣬ĵƮһ仰
ѽ
ıһһţȴǸоߵһʯһ
󰡣ΪԼأ峾عƵıжȥŶЦǺǵ˵š
ʱʯںһ˿ΪĹѨУȻǰԶǹɳʪϢ
վһʯڴһḧʯڵӫʯһ˵ôأ˿Ҫһİ
峾Цһ²ٴ𻰣ǽŴĹѨڣ۵˵ǾĹѨˡ
վȻһֻͨͨʯӫʯʹⲻյĹѨһ
ֻⲢ峾ȵģ峾𾪵ߵʯ̵ͼ
￴ȥߵһһȺƤ࣬ŮΧһ裬ףʲôƵġ
ڶŵͼǣмվһˣʱ˺ݽʲôЩǹڵϳݣӺǹͺŴĹҪ¹֡
ЩģˣΪߵԭ򣬶Ϊʲôˡ
ұֻ̣ͬܿߵһģʲô˼
ƺ̺˼󿴵峾һֱ⼸̿ɵóʵ
ѣ峾һʵ𣿡
Ȼߣ߰ɣش峾Զ򰣬ǴĳЭ飬峾һ˿󣬿ӣѾˣԼ֮ǰĲ²ģôҲ˵ͻСͬˡ
ĻôԼǲģԼΨһܽ˵ҲֻıˣҿԼ֮ǰʶȻĻпһʲô̲үģ㱻ˣ
ǺǣǾ߰ɣȴʱŲŲһСȻһСȴ峾һźţ峾ЦЦǰȥ
˱濳ʱĶΣǰһһŷ·ıмһ֧֪ĸľַ䣬Ȼ峾ͻ
Ѻϣֻ峾ȴǿһȻȼǺܸߣڵмѾ˲ˡ
峾ԵЩˣ콣Ȼںϱţֻȴǲ֪ʱѾóǰһֱûõѰ̡
Ѱ̵ĵȼҪȻȵȼߣ峾ԸоĿг˼ʡ
УõĻ׸ˣ峾ǲм︹ţ
ͨڳ˼˵ĽŲ֮ûκ˴˵ĺ
ôˣͻȻǰͣʵ
·˹
·㲻·ȷģ˵·ͨĹҵģɻǰ˿ǰ·
ȷʵϴʱﲢû·ֻһ·üͷšһƺǰҲǲ⡣
ʱ򻹲˵ʵû˼ˣһ·һ·˼𣿡峾Ҳȥܱ˿ʱľȣ˫۱ǰ
ʲô˼ѵк𣿡Ŀ峾˸ܵһ㡣
ûʲô˼ҪȻȥĻ˳峾ȫߣһҾͲø˳ı顣


240 ʬ
ǺǣôأֻǿЦѣ峾֮ϵŭͻȻ任ЦݣƽһĿģ
ı仯峾ȫȣΪԤ֮еģȻѡˣ˵ȫûκΰգпܵĻܻҸˡ
ĹѨ̬֮ȣ峾˿ϣΪӸս峾͸оˣڷ仯˵֮ǰһôڿ»ǿǸ
峾Ҳ֪Ϊʲô֪ҪõǣȻŵ
ԣ峾Ż˵ʮ㣬ΪԶûдﵽĿ֮ǰǲǷģ
ǺǣôأҲֿЦѣ峾ͬǺһЦظĻ
Уܸαһ𣿡ı˵ĲҪһһҪһһα
СѾͷƬӶʲôұ٣һƵգ峾һı˵˵һ·ɣ
ĻңһģıԱԼСļһԼСѾͷƬӸоߣֱӾͰγǹ׼峾
ǺǣСǧæȰ裬ǺòΪ˲ɱ滹ҪõҪһǹɱˣǸŸղŲǰ
˵ͲϼıĻƢ˵ˣһǹԹȥ
ǺǣҴָǸ˰ɣưԼܺǰһȴƫƫҪ˵ѾĽȫƵ峾ϡ
ߣıһǹ峾һۣ
֣ԩˣ治֪·ôѡϴʱҲȷʵֻһ·ʱҲǸڱİ󶼿Ҫˣôģγɹ֮ԼһҪɱ峾
ǶҪŤһ٣峾ЦЦ˵ڿô찡·ǿôѡ
ȿȣϴʱֻмһ·Ȼһ£߷ֿ߿һʱ֮ϣһ˵ԼĽ顣
ֿߵǸķֻôߣٴδ򿪣һҡĺɧŲ˼ŴʫһҪſƵģ
ǸҶνָһߵ·˵
峾ؿ˵仰ıһ˿ɡ
мĻ֮Լѡ
ŶҲѡмɣæ͵Ųм·Ųһ£ȻСľ룬Ǳһֱ峾ˡ
м·пͨĹ·峾Լ뷨
ǼȻ˵Ļѡұ·ɣͬʱıҲԼѡ
ȿȣҾ͸Ůһѡұ·峾˫жЦ⣬ǲҪı߿һЩ˸оɫһ㣬ıҲһ±ӣ峾һ㡣
ǼȻѡˣǾͽȥɣǧǵǷѡˣһʱ֮һҪصϣѾȲһ㣬ٵ˵Լ뷨
˴Ӧһ֮Լѡ·ڣֻͨʣ˽ԶȥĽŲ
Լҵʱ䣬ұߵͨӰš
ι˶Զˣ˵˵Ҫʲô˰ɣΪʲôߣţıѹúܵͣһԵ峾
꣬һڸ˵峾Ŀһͨһһȥ
˵˰ɣ붴Ҳʮˣ˵ʮҵʱı峾ͣ˱ʵ
·֮ⲻʲôǵģ峾Ȼѹúܵ͡
ô֪ı˽еľ˵ǿҲûԸӰЩš
㿴峾ֱóѰָı
ʲôıѰ̿˼֮峾һ˵һһǹģ֪ԼǷˮʦԼ̣
Ŷ˼̽Ѱ̣ѰѨ֮⣬һЧǾ·峾赭д˵Ǹ˵Ȼ·ָ·
·ʲô˼ıЩˣ··£·
Ժлٸ˵㿴ѰƮһƺƮȥķʬ峾ָƮһƺܵ
˼˵Ʈȥķʬ壿ıƶǶʵ


241 ѿ๤
ʬ壬ǽʬ峾һı˵
ڸô죿ʲôΪʲôֱȥͨı峾Ľͺת󱳿򶴿Ǹɻʵ
Ϊͨнʬ峾Ļشֱıסˣͨӣǿô죿
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𣿡峾ûлشıĻʳһĪ⡣
˱ȣԶһѡ㣡ıĬһºϸһ峾֮˵
Ǿͺã峾ıĻش⣬ֱ˵ԼǴҪǸ˵ԼĻ͹Լһߣ˼Ҷ㣬㻹ʲô
һȥмͨͻǵ󣬶ҸоͨĹҵ·峾˵ͷ֮˵Լ뷨
ͨҲ𣿡ıеˣ˵ӵ𣬻ȥͨʲô
ôˣǰ治ѿ๤𣿡峾ЦˣЦúܿġ
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ʲôΪöս⣬ֵϣСΪǺпѾĳֹʶˣֻҪһǵսǲŻϣıǷ峾ǲˬ˵
ֻǷΪ˰ıս⣬ƾֻԼ֪ˣ
û˵ʲôʲôʱȥͨıһ峾ʵ
ٵһ£𷢳κȥڿһ£峾ԸһŵŶȥ
峾ںֹ۲һᣬ׼ıʱȴͻȻֹס˶
ߵĶ߳һˣϳ˺ӣ򰣬˿̵ŵ˳峾߿һۣûʲô֮󣬱͵͵мͨȥ
峾ȫ̾ȵĿһУȴһ˿ɣ򰵽ǺԼһҪ͵͵ظȥⱾõأ
ȥ֮ʮңıһҲŵߵ峾һ峾ļ˵ʲôûУ
ִȥˣ峾ͷҲصվŶȥѹ˵ȥ֮ǧ𷢳κ񣡡
߰ɣϻô࣬Ҵ۾ֻʺıǲӣ峾һۡ
ĵһŵͨȥͬıСĵĹ۲ܣ峾ȴڹ۲ʯǷе̣˼ʮ֮峾ЩʧˣͨʯʲôûУͺͺĺ񾭹ĥһ㣡
Լ˰Сʱң峾ͻȻͣ½ı·ͻȻһײϡ
ͣ¸ʲôıǲʵ
ûǰд𣿡峾æַһĶܵ͵ʵ
ûıվһ֮ҡҡͷ
Сŵǰ߰ɣʲôͻ峾˵䣬г˼ŷ
Ȼûʲôı峾Ѿȫ䱸ˣҲֻǹǰľ
ľģ峾һıϵľ˵
ڹгģ˵һλţĵʿǰùģı˻еľЩ˵
Ǻǣ峾Цһû𸴡
ǺʲôĽǼʰı峾̬Ⱥǲл˵ǺǸʲôأ
ľֻǱаûǿԵģϾľбаãҪ˵һλţĵʿùģԸӵĻ˰ɣ峾һСĵǰţһѹıš
˼˵ǼٵģûôЧҲʲôţʿùģıһ⻰֪峾ʲô˼ˣֻЩԸţǻԼüء
ǵģ峾˵ͷʾ˼
ҿô죬ǹҲɱӵİɣıɵñһֿڣû취ĹѨָľأľûˣǿЦ
˺ܶ෢ӵĻҲǲԣ峾ƮƮĻһ䡣
峾Ļõıһ䣬ۣٶܴ٣ⲻǴ
ıˣǰһﲻһЩ𣬶һҲӵӣ۾֮һ˿Ŀ峾״Ļһù峾ôͷŴаɣ
⼸ŷŰɣؼʱܻ̿ģıװĿ峾ε˵Լеķ佻ı


242 ţͷ
أı峾ݹķԥһûȥӣû뵽峾İѷ
һУ峾ŵı֮̽뻳ٴȡ˼ŷģıɻĿǰŲȥ
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ǰ˴Լʮӵӣ峾ıһͬͣס˽Ųһ֮ͬʱһǽǰȥ
飡
ﬣ
˹չһս֮һͽ˵ĶС
ʵ֮ǰ峾ѾˣֻıҲˡ
峾͵͵̽ͷȥȴһ£漴ı峾֨͵͵Ҳ⿴ȥ峾񣬾˵ĸо
ֻǰһԿտĵϣĸӰڽսʶģ֮ǰȺ󣬻Լ򰡣
ֻǴʱ˺еǱıӺ񱻴ˣѪҲû֮ǰɧһ·еؤװı𾪵򰡣
ʱһֻ첲ѾѪģˣֱֻ۶´ţĴ򶷺ͶֱֻҲ֮һζ˵Ĳᡣ
Ȼıûעǣ峾ȵĲˣĿһֱڿǱΧӦι
֮˵ιΪ˲࣬ø߶Ҳһ˲࣬Ψһͬľﳤһֻţͷ˵ȫ´ͷųͷ֮⣬ĵطȥ죡
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峾оȹ龪ȣȴžգҲգĿųеս
Ҫڲ׾ǽ춼зɳһŷֱţͷȥȻյվͿţͷһһճҺ˳ǷǱŨḯʴ˵һ㣬һʧ
裡ţͷƺǷŭһӶȵĻһƾȥ
û뵽һ뻹أһͻȻ乥Լ⧲֮¶ֻܲеȵһ¡
飡
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ţͷתĿһ󣬶һ̧ɲȥͬʱٴſ죬һīɫҺֱǰȥ

裡
ҽУţͷ־ܵ˺
ţͷֵ̫ѨڱɫˣʱðһɹɵỊ̇ƶ̫ѨȻһһһһ氼ȥţͷΪʹˤڵϲͣشײܵʯҷɡ
ǱߺţͷֻҪңʱǰڱ絽δ֪īɫˮ·ѾˣǰļҲ񱻸һ㣬ؿΪһһţʮӶʱ䣬ؿھȻȫÿˣԿ滹࣡
ɲҲܵشһ̲׵ĻƵĺĻһ˳Ŵš
ͨһʱ֮䱻ţͷֺĲҽˣĽȻţͷֵĽҪҡ
峾ɲĲ״ʶļн˫ȣ˫ָæǰ
Ȼ˴ʱӸһ͵͵ųսı
ıѪأͻȻоһ˫ְԼϣԺѹʲô棬ɵ̧ͷȥ峾һŵĿǰ棬ֻ˫ȴеýأ˫ָǲҪİԼȥ
ıȻô껹ǸҲ֪ԼڵĺʲôλãſԼϵֺֻݺݵҧȥһ̵ѪʴıĺС
ʹ֮£峾һͽг
׻˵ʮָģԲ˵˵ģ
ҪΪı˺͹峾Լһıƴء
峾ͷݺݵصһıҪɿͱǰĳˡ
ıڵϣȻǱԼȴܿѩ׵ԼⲢҲڻصԼ۾
ıҲע⵽峾Լλãſһ¡
ֻɿ˵һ˲䣬ȴ͵һǹָ峾Ķͷϡ
ԭ˺һ˲䣬峾ָĹһͷ


243 ն
峾ıŭı֪Ҫ£æָһ棬ʾⲻҪ
ֻǵ־ʱȴǿָϵĳݺԼһȦѪ۵ģ
Ǻǣ֮ǰ׾ȫ³ҪȫĻ綼ˣٴδ˵ĶУ֮мһ˿ֻ
峾ıһ峾εЦЦ˵ϣıǵվ峾֮ǰվλһ͵
ֻͿ峾ˣλеİæתǰյϼ˵ϡ
Ҳֻ˵ĻҲһܻųȥһǱҪվţͷ˵һ£ˣ±߾ֻˣｻҾˣ
ߣһ֮վ֮ǰεֱͣ۾Ȼ֪ʱѾˣ֮ǰֻѾ˶ѣȻôͺˣ
ֻߵߺóһŷؿôüͷһϡõ±ҡҡͷ
Ҳֻܱ֤Ʋٶ񻯣ʣµľͿԼˣ֪ǲһһ߸ŷһдʵֹţ˵Ҳ֣ķ࣬Ҳֹͣ˲ҽС
Ȼ˵ʱڣţͷѾվֻȴûϹվ鶯˼±ӣŵʲôζƵġ
˾֮УţͷֵԴ峾ıķ
ת䣬峾æֻıҧַŵԼУͷ峾Ժȴ㲻ӽˣ
ıǹ￴ʶĵͷ峾ȥȴǿ峾ס֮ǰԼҧƵָֻ뷢ŭͿ峾Լͣգ۾üͷһʲôָָ棡
峾ͷıٴŤͷȥȴǷţͷֿΪĿʧ˵ԵʣٴνͷתӵĻֻţ۾֮ðһ׹⣬òڹֻζһ㡣
ֻǻרĵ׼û⵽ţͷֵľٶ
裡
ţͷִһŻ˹ȥܶȻõضڲ
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һնȣǹﳯϮһҲ£е৵һ˿Уڿջʲôдʵ
峾üͷ΢һ£չ
Żͣ£ǰڿеͻȻžһӴˣĿɿڴУڿвͣתתԽԽ죬ţͷܵǰʱҶͻȻ֮伲ȥٶ֮죬ֻоǰһ
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˼һ£Լı˵ܣǷˣ
£˾ͳ˳ȥŶܹȥţͷֵڵϵʱ峾͵һ
ţͷϱնȴ˵˿ڴƺʲôȥȻһֻֻСţͷһĶⲻԼ֮ǰʱǸ
ʱ䲻˼ĽŲԽԽţͷҲԽԽ࣬еѾǶˣ׷˹
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244 
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ЩӦʬţôҲֻ֪֪ⶫҧĻ鷳峾һ߽һ߷š
ʬţ峾˽ҲǺܶ࣬ʬţļأھҲУֻ赭дһʣ˵ⶫҧĻһ鷳ʬţ඼ǳȺһƬһƬĳ
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ҿԶʱ֮ڳһƬ֣ǽֻʮӶѣʮ֮һܹܶ˿ϾҪǰʬţ˵
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ܴţ峾ıһ󣬱ֱӭһֻѪʬҲĥߴ˫ֳӥצ״ӭһֻѪʬ
ı峾Ļַ޷Զվڻ֮
峾̤ǲֱֱִѪʬӡ
飡
֮ײѪʬȻ㲻ܣӲİ峾һƣȻȴǷ𹥻峾
Ϊţأ峾һ䣬ٴιȥ
ѪʬһĨӶֱ峾ȥһ̩ɽѹһ㣬Ȼѣ峾ȴ˿ңһֵ࣬ķѪʬֱۡ
̣
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峾ŵѪʬϵѪζζֻζţֳ
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ҲڣԭѾղűԼǹģүģʬǻ۵ģò˻ˣ峾кơ
飡
峾׼ٴγȥʱȴǷǱҲѪʬһķ˳ȥײڻµķϣ峾оһ
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룡
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ŷڿ峾ƶ仯ţĳһ㡣


245 սѪʬ
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飡
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ǸղǸһȴ˾Ȳѣ峾ҲһĨأǸʶоһ˿ݶԼڵ˫ɫתôһ˲ܵһ˿谭
˸˼⾲ĿµͨǰȥǺĸˣҪǰ֮б˴˻Ҫš
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246 ʬӡ
ʲôڻ̲סʵ
Ǻǣʬӡ
ʬӡʲôıһ䣬е㲻ĿһԵ峾
ʬյȼϸ񻮷ֵĻʵΪŸȼֱͨĽʬëʬѪʬʬʬ˧ʬʬʣʬħʬۣ峾һǰ˵ʵÿȺ˵оŸȼӦĹԼ඼ģ
ǺǣѧʶԨ峾˵ȥȴǽӹ˵ʬӡʬӡ£ͺñȹŴõĻһȻҪǸֱ۵һ˵ڵľ˾Աӡһ
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ı𾪵ʬӡȻô˵ʬӡͿԺһˣʱǧʬ˭㣿
𾪵ǣֻ֪ĹѨбأȴǲ֪ⱦôˣҸǾ峾Ȼ֪ô࣡
Ŀľʬӡ峾Ŀ˸˵
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ֺǻ߰ɣȪݲ𣡡ӿ϶ԼеĲ룬ЦǺǵļǰȥ
ıȪǸݵģܵ峾һߣ˾һ߽һţָоڸһ㣬ǵΣһԱ
ֻǿȥȻܺгʵ˵жڴԼСžţ˭ĹѨ֮лԼҪĶ󾡿ܴĻø棬˭˶̰ģֻе̰٣е̰ö࣬ʮЦٲѣ


247 ʯ
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СĻ֮峾ȡ裬ԺȴٴδС
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һʯ峾͸оһɷǳŨ֮Ϯһı֮峾̧ͷȥɵôסˣ


248 
һĳ峾г㯺ɻ󣬸ǲźء
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˵û뵽峾û뵽ıֱӾͿ۶˰
ҰɣѣһԣҲеĻڰæ峾һıǰС˵
ıҲˣȻֻƾͽԼӵסˣʲô
ĹѨиʩӷ峾Ǹоıɻš


249 ͻ
ڣһ֮ͳŷҪ峾ӹ
һᣬҪȴǰס֣һ峾һһϾ׼ֵ
ôˣûû뵽ҾȻҵˣ棡󿴵ε̾һԳһ㡣
ǺǣЦһ±ʾĬˡ
ֻи⣬ôģҿȷϵҵǵʱǶһУ֮дһ˿ɻ
ܼ򵥣ʶ˵ȥĹֺܺ棬ȥ㣬㷢һˮʦٴδеȣ֮г˽
أ˵ͷֽ֮Ŀ⿴峾ı
Ҫ׷ң
̫˧ˣҪžžž
ı峾һ˵ֻ⻰˼ȴȫͬ
㻹ҪҪܲңı˫ֲߵӡ
֪ʲô𣿡峾ҡҡͷ˼㿴ô顣
ˣλҲˣ֪ʲʲôˣתʵȷˣҪǲĻǾͼ
ɣϽǺʲô򰿴һ峾ı֮˵
Ǻã󿴵˶ͷ֮Ҳ˵ʲôʯ̨ȥֻһֻһ𣬻ȴһ֮ǰߵģ
û뵽㻹ͦ˵𣿡ںıȴǿһ峾֮˵
ǿ佱𣿡峾һ±֮ʵ
ǰɣı˼һƵģԥһ֮˵ͷ
ܱܲôĿŵĴΣعͷ峾
Ҫôܣս峾ǲмһ򰣬ŵı˸ָԷѾѾ˺ˣ
ã˵úãıʮϵĹơ
ɣ̲ס֣˵һ䣬ʹɫתȥ񾭲
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ǲ๻ˣΪɱǣ֮ͣгɱĶŶˣ
֣ҿǻȰ°˰ɣҲع˵
峾Цһ£һ̯ʾ⡣
ӻãߵʯ̨ǰûмȥȡǺӣǿһԵĻ
˭ãֶӦɣЦŻͷ峾
ǺǣǶҲҪҪĶѾˣ峾ЦЦں͵͵ĸıһơ
ǾʹȡǺ𣿡ڻҪȡӵʱ峾ȴǲ̲Ʈһ仰
ǻعͷ۾֮˸һ˿â
Ŷû£Ȼ˵ҪܲĲɣ峾֮з˳вһ㣡
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ǺǣֻΪ˿ʯ𣿡峾ûֱӻش𣬶ǽ׸
峾Ļ£һͬԵֱʱǲһҪ˵ģֻǺʯ֮⣬ҲûʲôطõҪ˺İ
ֹȻǴѾˣָһһȥһϸ˵ţֻڼ˻û⻰ʲô˼ʱ͵̧һͻȥ
ֹ峾̤µһ˲䣬ͻȻӿһ󲻰һΣ֮ǰŻеıܷӦͺеĶڷȻֺ֮ǰһЩӦƵģ
ҲǼæҪֹȻ˵ģһжѾˣ
ǣ
ĽŲȥһʯͷĦ˾ͿΧǰ˿ʯ׵ĸӾȻһԻ䣡
˹£Ǿ׼µϰɣ״̬Щ۾ڱŴЦһһġ
ԭˣ˾޽ӽʬѪʬĿʬ˧˰ɣ峾ǰ˿ڹײ֮ѪʬԶһѪʬҪǿϢ˵
İɣһ˽ǵĻǴѪʬеģʱٸǷ¶ҩǾͻһģ۾ɵĴģ˫ǰϵıȻţӾ͸Ƶģ
ţ棬ʲô˰϶ϰܳҲǸʬֻѣ㻹ǸʬһǸûСܵܵĽʬһڣŻһǱӵĿ


250 
峾һĶͷڣɵ棬˲˲Ҷ̣ⶼʲôʱˣȥŭ̫ཀྵʬ
ǶĻЪ˹ĴţȴȻûʧȥǣһڹײϣȻޱĿˣӾٿľʬһ㡣
룡
ŰֻѪʬԽԽǺõ
һл͸Ͻܣ峾ı˵һ䣬ϵİγ˷콣֪ڲˣ˧ʱֻѪʬҪɱĸֱһ
һΣʲôӳȥ˵峾γ˱ĽҲʣȻҲע׼ˣ
ԣ峾ûлͷһۣرӦˣʱˣҲ¶ԷԼˣǸûӳȥĿܣ
һֻһӭֻȥҲӭֻ˹ȥ
ǣ
峾ٽӭֻѪʬеķȻһֻȥһŻֻѪʬ
ıסˣֱĸоѾöûйˣСʱ׵ı֮⣬ûйôˣ
ţǲôлأǧҪȢһҪģ峾ѵֻѪʬıסˣɵó˵ԼҲֻǾԼܰˣϾıֻԼôŷ䣬ҪԸֻѪʬĻ뻢ڣ
峾Ļıһ͸ϽϾѪʬǹٶȻǹȶҪǿѪʬҪ
ֺİʱ˻оأʱ򲻻ǰ椼ܵ˰ɣһԵĻڼѵĶһֻѪʬצ֮󣬲ڿһ峾
ܣҪʰֻѪʬ͵ɣ峾ȸָģΣڲôһֻֻ˵һ䡣
оָлУ峾÷콣һº󣬽Ųˣּæ֮ƣһֻѪʬ֮ǰһָ
ʱһŻ峾ֱָӴֻѪʬϡ
໣
һǺһѪʬзͿѪʬȥ
зǹð峾һеַ֮콣˫ɫâһֻѪʬ
ﬡһȻѪʬĸ첲ϴ˽峾ǿѪʬĸ첲һӣðһ˿ɫѪˮ
ʵзھмأֻƷʦϲſʹõģֻʹЩֻ̣鵤֮ǰ峾ҲԹȴÿζξȻƾһƷʦͻ˳峾ȻҪЧˣΪԼڿԳɹǰȴԣ峾ȫ֮鹦Լ̫˧棡
һֻѪʬ峾Ȼ˷ܣ۾ȴƳһԭڹײϵ󲻼ˣпһ£һֲõĸоӿ
˭Ǹ̫ཀྵʬˣٵĻһȦ֮峾ȵ
֮ǰǹײ𣿡ն·裬һʱ֮䵹ҲֻѪʬ˸൱
Ǻ˰ɣǱٱһֻѪʬõ֮һ仰
峾ûлشĻܣһʲôȥˣ
峾һСĽĺֻѪʬţһܣʱظǴһл͵Ϯһ֮ǰֻѪʬ
㲡Ҫ峾һּڴȺܰǰڸкͬеʱ򱻱˶סˣ峾ץסһᣬȫȥܱôŵ뷨ҲҪһ汳ģ
ϹȻ˻Ѫʬ峾ȴȻִԼߣһѪʬ֮Լܸõطӣ
峾лֻ֮һֱ峾Ѫʬͷ­ˣһ̲ɫѪˮӸ˲һһ˵ϡ
үģѴ򰡣峾ԼǰץѪӣһ䣬ȻǲκֻѪʬٶ̫ˣڻǱץ£Ҳ˵һǧ˰ˣ
ҿСү֮ǰ׼л࣬ȻĻǲˣ峾ӻٴͳһл֮Щ⣡
Ȼѣڶһצ֮峾ȴŵϴ󣬶˲֮ǰѪʬɢȳζˡ
ΪѪʬĺɫѪˮȻʧˣʧ졣
һ߶ʣֻѪʬĹһ߹۲ŸղѪʬ֮ʯ壬һ˿â
飡
ڷٴαһֻѪʬУʱǰٴαץסһѪۣԿ׻Ĺͷˣ


251 꽣
ڣ˭أ峾һԼǰ˿ڣõͷһ£۾֮Ĺâ
߳ߵ
ɷʬ
Ͷƻ
һ㺮âָ⣡
峾̧ٵڿջŷ䣬ָ˫ɫâ˸ڼµ˲䣬ҧһ⾫Ѫ
ƾǧεһ㣬⾫Ѫڷһϣһźɫ֮ɫķȻ峾ָ֮ϡ
򣡡
峾ȣһɼΪ˲˳ָӿǱ峾һָеѪʬͷ
飡
ǹɷӿ룬ֻѪʬԴ˲Ϣ֮ը˿Դ֮еѪˮԿǵըѱĵǣ
峾һвɱһֻѪʬǱߺѪʬսĻǱסˣղǹɷҲܵˣ˵֮ǰΪԼһɱ峾Ļôһ뷨ҡˣղһָӲ£ʹҲˣ
ıҲһ˿ɣûлô𺳣Ϊ֪峾ô򵥵ģƾԼ⼸ŷ˵ǰѪʬ֪ˣʱıսѪʬһٵııеķˣٶȻѾ֮ǰôˣ
һѪʬ峾һз콣ͻȻâʢ˫ɫâͣתʯյһѤ
峾¶һ˿Ƿ콣ԴĽУΪ꣬ζ֪Ҳֻ֪֪һȥԼڵ˴룡
콣µһ˲ʣµֻѪʬоȻ¶һ˿־壬ֿ־Ŀ־壬һСǵֿ־壬ͺһ㡣
Ѫʬֽһӱ콣ͷֱֿӷֳ룬콣Ѫʬڳʱٶ̫Ѫʬǰ֮еĿ־׼ܵĶͣš
һ֮ɼһߣһ̻ǳ׵ˣ׵ķлҪɱ峾ı˶һеĳ嶯ٺõıҲҪȥܣֳԽһƷʦսϲУŲǸƷʦҲᱻ
һ˲䣬ȻΪ֮ǰ峾˵ս꣬ȻֻһƷʦսƷʦҲ
ʵƴĻ峾һƷǿʦҪ˵Ļ峾־ټ˫ɫ֮أȴǿƷʦһս
Ͼᣬ˭峾ӵһʦıھأ
ɱֻѪʬ֮峾ûͣЪһ粽ıǰз콣ɾĶ׼ѪʬĺĲ˹ȥ
峾Ķ˶һ֮󣬾ǴӶԷп˵ĺͿ־塣
ĵ峾ڽֻѪʬ᲻ҪɱǶˣϾǸղѾ˺Ƥˣһ̶Щڸղŵľٶˣ
־峾սǿһ֮峾ôҲѰɣϾһǿ̫ǿˣ峾ȻֱͣӲ粽һֻѪʬȥˡ
ô˵Ƕ֪һǵһǲˣ
ѾıеķݲкþõѪʬ峾ķ콣һ֮㵹ˣֻҪͬÿܶ࣬뻹ǸȫʬֻԴѿˣһֻȴֱӱ룡
Ȼ峾ķ֧֣ıĸǱһӣʱҲѪ
Ѫʬ峾֮ıɫһɣһĲˤ
ҲǺı峾ɫֽѾѪˮȾˣǰǿԿ׻ĹͷˣȴȻվŵ峾ɵôȤ
峾û˵תǱѪʬսĻ򰣬һ˿ԥ
ʱ̹ע峾Ļڿ峾еԥ֮пһ£æ˵֣Ȼй죬ǲûʲôޣСܲܰæԸѪʬֻܷŹҶˣ֮ǰҶ˵Ĵ
Ļ֮峾ǣһĨЦݣֻЦ⸱ѪȫѪܵӵԵе
峾û뵽ȻģΪƴû뵽ȻǸʲôʱʲôˡ
ҶܹųĹѨһΪհ峾ǣЦݺٴγ˵ʵǿ峾Цʲô˼ʱˣֻҪ峾΢ʹֶθһ£ԼͻᱻѪʬɱ
˵Цˣֳ֮Σأסղ˵ĻȻ峾һ˿âЦ˵ȻĻĲֻصģ


252 
л֣Ҷ˵ʳԣ˵˵ҪҲϽ̬ȴǷǱڱֻѪʬΧţﻹ˵
߰ɣȥǸ̫ཀྵʬȥ˳ҵö峾ȥǱߵսתȥ
ıæǰƺ˵ʲô峾Ͻʹ˸ɫ
ʯ֮һڣ峾ĹѨ˾вϲƸڳֻûʱȥЩһûнӡ·˽ȥ
Լҵӣ峾ӽԽԽҲ֮ǰôˡ
ۣ
վûס峾һѪ˳һʯϣõ廨һʢĴۣ죡
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ΣѾ˲ˣıٴܵ峾ǰΪٴ˺˿ڣҧ峾ʯڣƽʯϣ
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֮ǰˣһֱţııȡһЩɴ;ƾ޷ŵһʵ
ȿȣȻأ峾һ˵ǣ˿ڣɵÿ
˵㻰ɣҸ˿ڣŵ㰡Ҳܸϣֻʱ˿ȻϣȾıûİ峾һۣΪʲô˳˻Ҫǿš
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У飬ǰûҩֱȡӵأıͷҲû̧峾ϴ˿ڡ
ף
ǣıʶԺ漴ô±̧ͷ˵˵ʲôף
ıȴǷûеõ峾ĻӦһĿֱⷢĶԼ˳峾ߵͷȥӿһŭ
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ҾøһΣգİɣɱ֮ɱģı˵ȡǹ
ǲǱѳҵνģֻ˵ȥã峾ǳ˳飬ּ˵˵ˣĹѨô˵ҲܵסֻѪʬ˵ԼҲƨǽǺõĲ𣿡
һŻıȴǲ峾ĻͻȻ˵
㻹Ҫʬ𼣣̫ˣҾŹģ峾Ȼ˵ţȴǲ΢΢óһлı
ϻôıӹ֮ЦʵЦƽʱһˣֳֻ峾ôô񲻻⣡
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ŶıӦһһ峾ĿҡҡͷûûĻֽ
㣬һ㣡峾ͳһûĻƱֽ
ıóһţ֪ʲôʱӵпٳĻҩŵ˻Ʊֽϰ
峾ĿɿڴУıлҩĻֽ峾˿ϣóһͨĻֽ֮֮ǰ峾ķһ˦еĻһʱֽ֮ͨϣ


253 һ˲
ղſҵʱҺÿ𣿡峾֪ıҪʲôʱȴǿıͻȻЦһ£һЦĵʢʮټͻȻı⣬֮ǰıԼ˿ʱ·ѪʬץƲ¶ѩףһ
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һһЪ˹ĺһγһμĽ֡
ԼǰðŰ̵˿ڣ峾ҧгݵĿı˵ҪҪôݣ
ڸıǵȻɨһ峾ԹԵóɴ峾
ʵȸһģҲи׼ĸԼ˿ڵı峾
Ļȥ￴ʹӣıûһ˿ԥֱӻشˡ
ҡ峾һʱ֮侹Ȼ֪˵ʲôˣֻ֮ѡ˱졣
ˣ˾ɣתȥˣҲҪһ˿ڣı̧ͷ峾ԱıŻֽ˵
ҲҪ峾һЩ
Ҳãû˵ôأıƳһ峾˵
ʵ˷ûҪôҵģ峾һ޵ĳ嶯
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ϱһϵⱲӲŻҵģı˷󣬱һԵʯϣ۾˵
Ȼսǿû峾ôǿҲȷʵ۵ùǺϾ峾ֻһˣһǿһЩͨˣ
ı۵ʯϣ峾ͻȻ֮һֱȻ֮ǵڶμ棬˴֮Ҳûжκ˽⣬ȴԷı˴˲˺ԼһΣ
峾΢΢۾ڵƣؽ˿״̬
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ҪãǲһжòһıԼûвԾ侹ȻӦʱ֮ȻǲҲԸһ㣡
һҵʱ䣬峾оڵƺһЩˣϾҪеѣµҲϢȥ
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ıҲϵĽ첲˳ŵ峾ұϣһһֱֻ۷ʯ׸ؽϣ
ʱ֮ʯһƬڣûһ˿һʱ֮ڵʯڣվȻЩΡ
ȻǣʯǷյģȴǺܳ㣬һ㵹Ǻ棡
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ﻹѪ֮ǰѾˣһնɱŸʬţһ˵
˭峾ǸŮģ
˭Ƕڵʵɲ⣬峾ʵҲҶ˿ƥеģΨöԸľıˣֻ峾һģ˭Ҳǲ𣡡һߴһ߷ŵǰ
үģ⼸ֻʬţ̫ˣ滹һȺأô찡һɱֻʬţ˵
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ҾûǲĺãһٳѪʬʲôģڵ״̬еԶԸܾǰʯס
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оߵһ峾ͷ˵Сթʯ״ֱӾͿǹ
ܵߴıһҪͷȥһ峾ȴǷ־̫ͲתͷһתͷܾԷˣʯôڣҲ
峾Ȼǲ֪ıе뷨ģڱѹţֽ˽еķ콣Ȼһǻʡʡĺã͵ϮһɱĻǺùɱģϾԼڵ״̬ҲǺܺãﵽΣգ
峾оʯ׸ˣ΢һӣԱ֤һṥʱ򲻻Ϊֱ۱ѹŶ³Է
䣡
峾׼ƴʱͻȻһ죬ײʯš
һ󼱴ٵĽŲ뿪ʯʯȥ峾зǵûзɷˣֻǻĻԼҪʰǵֽ̫ţʱҪѪʬ֮ľеҪˣ
䣡
䣡
һһײһڴһײʯ˺ʯ˵ϣÿһͷһ£
оߵ˶һЩ峾ҪοһҲ̫˸Ҷһ˲ĵطˣ
ͻȻ峾оһֻСԼʯ׵ײֱϣһ֮峾һ߬סֻС֣峾ԸоõĴ߬סֻСֵʱ򣬺ֻСֵһ£Ӧû뵽Լ߬סҪֳȥ峾ûзֻ֣Եĳ˼ûȥ֮Ҳͷˡ
һƬʬţҪʯңδ֪ĶײʯţҪŶʱڵʯڣֻһ

ѣ
һЦʯѵһŵ˽ϾͲҪˣû뵽ǻɱһֻѪʬӳ˵ɣأ
㲻Ҫ̫Ϊôֻ˲еѪʬɱǣ˵֪ȵֻȥжٴһ˿־塣
Ǻǣôɱأ㿴ҰǸôʬţǲӦøл𣿡֮г˳˿һ˿һİ֮飡
ʲôһ֮˵
Ҫǰһͨһȥͨ峾˵ı飬ǿóڿ϶һС˵־ӣȴֻ²òͷ
ô򵥣͸һ˿ɻ
Ȼǣҵ֮ǻ⼸ֻѪʬȥҵһӣ֮ǰʯ̨ϿǸһģһǸȻңҾͷ뿪ĹѨҵŵǵĻǣ
ԣһ⣡ԥһ²˵
֪ʲôĸΪҪĸһƷʦĻҵǸͨƷػȡǸӣ󲻵Ȼ˵ֱӻش
ΪʲôֱӽѰֻѪʬԸǣʵ
ΪҷѾĸдͨҾȻػİֻţͷ޹ִ˸൱֮ܵˣѾǸˣǿпޣвһ˿Уͺֻǹ߶ѡ
ȥ𣿡üͷһ˵Ҫһȫ룬鷢ҲҪи׼
򰿴ľٶ֮ҲһʣµֻѪʬȴתһԴҲǰһ


255 һ
ģõĺӺеĺӺһҲſԽȥҲǵʱҲŻԴȥǰֻţͷ޹սĳЩԭ޷ֱӴͨµ棡˵óһӣ֮ǰʯ̨ϵֻ󻺻˵ˣ˵ĶѾ˵ˣǿȥҰɣܼ򵥵ģͨʯңÿʯڶһʯףͨһʯ֮У
˼ͨʯ֮ڣֵܽȥǸҵһԿףܽ𣿡һĻ󣬿Ŷ˵
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ˣīˣȴʯ׿ʼɣЩͷˣߴŻ򰡣
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ҵģ峾ϵĴıĻһֻʯȥһı˻ﱧһ¡
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е֣һϣĺڻ峾͵ǼϣȻ֮Ҳгޣܺùڸһ̫ཀྵʬãҶ峾ʵ֪ģֻ˲еѪʬǲڻµģһỹǿԵģ
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֣Ҫ㣡æ˵ƶһ£Լ̬ȣȻŻһƶš
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ҲҺһͨڣ峾ϴһ˿ЦĿ
ǵģҵ֮Ѻø֮ǾͿ뿪ˣ˵ͷЩͳ
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Ŵɵĵӣɱ֮ҲҲҵҲҽĿ˲ֻ˲еѪʬҲ˲ǰŲ˼峾ͻԼȫΧ
װˣǼֻѪʬҲȫгɣôѪʬ˿Ӧʬ޽ӽʬ˧ˣ峾Цһевζ˿Ϊ⣬ͻȻ˵ǾƾͼֻѪʬҪСүʸСҲնɱֻѪʬնɱֻѪʬ
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ڷڻǱȶЩεĻˣ֮г޾ջ
ڣ룬ֵܾ̰Ҳηη˾һЩԥĻа֮󷴶վֱӣһӢһԴǣͬʱһ絽峾ǰ˼Ѿԣ
Ļ峾же棬ϸĴ˻һʵˣܻлȥɾͲ˵ˣ
峾仰ڵϣô̬ôһ仰ҪǷڵĻǲǴԼ
뵽һҧһ˵ͷ˵ֵܶ˵óõûʲôµģܱȱ̫ཀྵʬһ˲˹õö࣡
ȻͱˣˣҧгݵĿżˣһƷʮһֻѪʬͬʱż
ʬ峾һŵ˱ߵļ˳ȥ
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峾̣峾ˣôǶҲɣ
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ŭУ峾콣׹âصһֱŶѪʬȥ


256 б
һˣ⻹ôģҵľ籾дİĵЩѪʬʲô
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ȴǳѪʬ赲ôһ˲㵽Ѫʬ
ֻ޷ˣ峾һ͸Ѫʬֱףû뵽ôһԼܵˣһôĪ
峾ŽڵʱѾʯŵſڣһһǰѾʯ棬عͷһʯףͷҲصĳȥ
Ҫţͳ̫խСүʩչ峾һһ߻ͷš
׷Ҫɱ˰ҵĿܣıһЩߣԼ̱ˣָЪ˹Ĵ󺰵
ৡһ£ʯֻʣ»ˣ㿴ҿ㣬һʱ֮еȦʲô࣬һ¶ôأô˵ܾˣʮֻѪʬһ֪ʲô̫Ѫʬһ׷һȥˣĺ
ڣ̫ˣһҪ׷ȥ
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ŸҪһ֪𣿡ǰδе࣬򰣬Էҡҡͷ˵˿ûκζǲûŶ
ƺʲôǰδеشţǱ籭һ
ǰûУˣתͷһʯ˵Сһֵиĺˣ
˵Ǿ仰һ˳ȥٴμսȦ֮Уһ˷ֵֻѪʬֵֻֻѾ˲еѪʬõ㣬նȷֵһֻʵûбģ
ֻҲ΢һ峾ѹ峾лһۡĴÿһζԴһźɫѪˮһ鸯⣡
ֻѪʬʵ̫ˣȫˣһսһˣʯԽԽԶ
ʯڵıѲۣ˫߬ȭͷ峾ȥһ˲ƺиطˣиѾ˺ܾõֽˣӽ飡
Ѿ޵ĸƵıʯǰǾ仰󣬸ǿƲסˮ
ıʯ⽥ʧӰǸѪʬƴɱӰǸΪѶܲȻȻȥӰıбͻȻڻˡ
һ̣ıʲôҲȥ룬ֻǸΪȥѪʬƴɱ˻ϣҲҪһ
߬еĻı˫ְʯϾҪȥֻ뿪ʯվʱ򣬲һͷɵһüͷʯڲʯһͻĲ֣һ֮ǰ˵Ļ
̽Žַͻʯϣ־ȻǻģƾôӶľ飬ı֪ʯӦþǸνͨʯˣͻʯʮа˾žͨĻأ
ȷˣıһǹһ߬лȥͨͨȥĻôЩѪʬҲһȥǷʲôΣյĶȶһ˵ɣ
飡
峾ŻȫѪʬսȫ֮Ƶʱһǹ档

ؿתݺݵؿǹı۾֮ɱ⣡
ʲô峾ķסһֻѪʬĹıţ͸¶
ٷϻɱı˫˸ɣ峾
ıĻ֮峾üͷȻӴʱ䲻֪ıȡֵˣͷʱôԼɱȥһɣ
뵽峾ǳ˫֮һ˿⣬ԵĻ˵ȫɱʯңǿʱˣ
ãȻΪ峾ͻȻô˵ڻֻѡһδθǴ𺳵ˣ
·סң峾һǱ˻صʯԵıһۣԵĻ˵
֮֮б峾£һѪջֵķ䣬ֻоһǿѹ峾ƶ
ֳڵһ˲䣬ǹɾ޴ѹĵ˲Ϣ֮䳯ǰѪʬ֮жȥ
ֻһž޴ĻѪʬ֮Уֱӱը˿ɲ֮ʮֻѪʬըֻ֮󣬼ֱǺš


257 ĹѨһ
ߣ˻ڻζһιʱһԻֱʯŶȥ˻عҲæǵâȥ
׷ֱܽʯ֮ŷӦڸղŵһҲ£ǰıһǹҪÿʹˣȻʵȴǻܵӰ죬ֿ峾ôһУͷµͬʱǿҵļ
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ͨ
һˮŴĺǺˮûʲô飡
ĺ֮ҲȥıȥģֻıȴͻȻһҪ峾һ֮ȥ֮峾Ѿ׷ſڵѪʬҲ˲ıǷ᲻Ըˣһѽȥ
عӳһл峾׼Ҳȥֻڿȴоһɾ˺ϣͷؽȥ
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峾Цһû˵ʲôǶˣ콣ԣСУȻ֮ǰڴׯǸصĴ˵СҪ֮ûʣСҲûнͣǺ峾˺ܾãѡС죬ϾҪĻͶˣ
һıˣֻҪܴӦԼԼѩ޾ˣ
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˵ĻذȻ˵˾̫ˣ
ʵ˵ôأҪԭһαƷʦʹõķ䣬峾⾫Ѫǿʹˣ⵽˷ɲŻ˵ģ
ƷʦĻ峾һͻɵֻȫѪʬһ⵽κεķɣ
ֻǵʱòʹַõ£Ҫ÷콣꼼ҲﵽԵЧ
Һùؼʱ̣Сŷ콣ʯڣȻĻ峾ʹһɲǾͻᱻѪʬΧ
ߣ
峾͵͵Ŀһ۱۾ϢıСһȴůůģһֻŻһֻǹ峾ͻ˵м䣬Ĺ۲ܵһУ
ı֪峾ѾСʹ֪ĻҲ
飡
խֻͨˮһЩĵıóеǿֵͲȥȻӫʯĹԵҪһЩҲ֪һձ鶼٣ֻһ١
ֵͲһȦ֮ıҲûʲôȻֻǷǽھȻϱʯͷģģˮҲ֪ʲôˮǿƾȻղףֻܿˮкƯһЩССзһĶ
һȺһȺģǿսȥʱЩСзĶȻȫ㿪ˣƺ¹һ㣡
һ߱Ŀˣıо֮ǰ峾ƣ⴦ΣյĹѨڣıظоԼʵʵǲԱ˵ĻѾ˺üˣ
պ֮ԱĻͲģǴ˿ıе뷨
֪䣬ıѾʼΪ峾ˣ


ȵϢɣȻƲûȫָ֮ǰĿյȴֲ˻ǿάսûˣ


258 Ѫʬţ
˴Ӵ˹ıæ۾Ŀˣ
꣡
ııһ֮󣬽ָŵʾָһڴ峾˼˵ŵ峾
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ڵĻûб뷨֪Լ˵ʵֻܸ峾뿪ĹѨͺˣ
Ҷ峾ǰǱҲǼɵֱǸ춯ĻַӾͻᱻ̳ѣ

峾³һ˫һ˲һĨһ
ľһʱǺòˣֻܵγȥԺúõһˣ
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¿һ£λӦ²ĳһǴֻߣ߹һָϱˮһԲСһ˵
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ȷһ𣿡峾֮ʵ
ֵܲڵõʲôֻϣԻ뿪һתͷ֣صĵ˵ͷ
ųȥԼûİ峾̾ϢһźӰȥʵһ仰˵ȴû˵ܸоһһ㻹ҪΣգ
ıĬĬظţô峾ͻȻ䲻Լأ漴뵽ӦԼʰҲٶȥ
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СģҸоˮе㲻Ѱ峾˵ͷ۲ǰĺˮ
ҵһıң󣡡峾Ըһ˳֮󣬱̧߽˺ˮ֮УŸһ£峾üͷ΢΢ȫ£ӵ׾Ȼʯģвһ˿ɻ
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ңҵѪ·СһЩгЧ֮峾Ҳن£һ̤Ĳˮǰȥ
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ȫǰУԼʮӺ̤һʵأֻǽƬؾȻҲʯģǰһͨ峾һֹͣûֱӽȥͨ˸ط
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ǵģŷϣЧӦûǵĺһЩ峾ٴó˷˼ȻѡԼԼҪȥٲҪǵİæǾͲɥʧս峾СѴ
һ̵֧ʱȥΪ峾֪ͳһ֧ƺ¥պó꣬ϵȫʧˣɫҲ֮ǰһ㣬Ψ峾ɫȻеҰף


259 ˵İԵ
Ϊʲôɫôңı֮˳
ҷѪʮʮӰصƶѪ峾һıЩ˵
֮ǰôѪΪʬţַôѪҪ֮ǰʮûѪȫ
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ÿʱʲôѪ峾ͻȻ仵ЦţͷһԵıֻ˿˵
ı峾ĻһһʵԵɱ˲Уֱһ峾ȥ
飡
ϣȿȣ尡峾ŴӵǱĴš
ֻǿǱĺ֮ȴһĨϲɫ
ıҲ֪һװģԼһûöһûж
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Ǻǣ
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Ҳ֪֮ǰʯ˭ˣ峾˵ֻǻعͷЦſıһۡ
ЦʲôЦߣı֪峾ΪʲôЦɫһЩ䡣
峾˸񿴵Ļ͵ЦɵһЩƣ֮еķ콣˽ȥ
СһЩǷʲôΣǻ֪峾£һ̤ͨڣȫͨڣ˲һι
ηݵò񣡡峾һһһöͭǮó콣ƽǰͭǮ泯Ϸ˷콣ϣ

峾гһһͭǮӵһֱǰһӰ档
໡
һǺĽűͭǮеĺӰ˲ɢˣֻ峾֮ɫȴǲ٣֪Ӱֻ˶ѣûǸտʼ
ȥ⶯ϤҲϤˣԭһֱ󺺵ͻȻö
ӢӢĵӰѧģ峾ûлͷϵĻش
Ҿ˵һİƴؽеıһעӡ
ͺˣ⼸ܱﻵˣһҲʶӣεĽš
ֱڻͨУüͷߵʯڡ
ʲôڻȴһɻӡ
Ҳע⵽ˣһıڻһģֱʻǽĿ⿴峾
ˣ֮ǰĹѨ𣿡峾˵ͷͬĿصĴĹѨڵıڻڻȻͬȴǳһ֣֮ڻҪϲĸͺһ̨ӳƵģ
֣֮ǰֻȴûҵĹľص㣬ֻѡ޹ҡҡͷʲôƭ峾
ĹѨʬӡ峾ߴӱڻջؿ
Ҳ֪ĿΪ˹˵ĹѨг¹Ĺʱõ̾Ϣһ˵ɢ˲ܸдɽֵ֧ȣǺӵȫҺ˵ֻӵƷʦĹ⹦Ǻܸ߼
أ峾һ⣬һգգĶŻ
ĹõģֻǴջųֻˣȥʱȴʮˣ˻һ㣬һ˿ɬ˵
߰ɣԸǶܵõԼҪģȻ뿪ıе˵
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260 ŮҪ
ߴˣǰٿûʲô취峾ıóһлֱӴ˳ȥ
˿ٵ˵峾ߣеָ䲻ͣطɳȫĵֵһʱ֮䵹ҲֹסʬţĽ
Ǳиʯţıȥһܴܲÿ峾һ߻еķ콣һ߹۲ܣ͵һָԶһʯ˵
ıܵʯŸǰ˫ʯģôһԱߣһԲεĿתʯ飡
лأıһתť
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ʯһһȥˣıһ漤غǴ滹кöͨ
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аıѾˣĶ峾
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öͭǮըʯڵϵɺϵصһ
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һֱЯˣ峾һһ£ıͷ󣬴̫Σˣ
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ڼ˵ǰһԲʯ̨ʯ̨Ϸһʯףֻʯ״еˣԼ֮ʯϰŰ˸ӣ
Ϊʲô˵ǰ˸أΪʯ׵а˸ֱŴʯӣһ첲ϸǣðʯϡ
Ҫ˸ϴʱһ˿˿Ѫ˳ʯϣѪīɫģɫģɫģ
еѪȫʯˣᵽһɷǳΣյĸо峾һգգĶǾʯף˵Ļ쳣
ѵ˵ʯһλţĴڣͬŵĿǰԶľʯף
ǲҪȥƹȥǱߵͨȥ峾ͷһֻ֮ȥΣգ㳡ϻᷢʲôõƵģ
ãͬͬ˵˾һһļͨȥ
û뵽ˣߵмʯʱһϸſЦ
ڣ㱻֮󣬲ɵ
ſЦ˲ǱˣֻǴʱ߻վһˣһȥͨˣǵŰֻѪʬ
Цʲôо峾ߵļʵȻߣõ
˵￴̫ı֪峾ʲô˼ε˵

ıĻ󣬿ŵĴЦ
Ҫ̫̫ĽУŮҪ֪𣿡峾תͷı֮г顣
飡ıϸһĨ죬漴һ峾û˵
ܸٴμ㣡Եӿ峾ƺһҲ⣬ЦŴкһ㣡


261 ̫
ȴǺܸˣ峾ҡҡͷŶӣ֮ǰڹϴ򶷹Ķǣ
⻰˵ˣҲǿԺأȴǲΪ⣬Ц˵ֻЦȴǲôƣ
㵥ǺҺܻӭ̫Ļ뻹ˣн񱣡峾ҡҡͷָһһӣ
ģŰɣΪϾҪˣߵָ峾ţȴЦ
һǲԴ·ˣɻĿһ˵
ʵǺαأ̾Ϣһתһ²ӣ֨֨
Ǿʹɣ峾ҲЩҪʹ򰡣ôϻ
ϴιϴòˣҪúõֽһ£ҡ겱ָ֮ԸԵ
ڣ̫ôҰˣаˣ峾ֽսֻǿץӶѣ
˵Ҫ𣿡峾һ۶ĦȭƵĶǣʲôЦôصˣӲƴôɵ𣿶ǻһʯأһȫķ⣬ĳʬƨˣ
ò˵峾޳ܣ鵤ˣȻôһֱţ
Ŷֵ˼ǣˣʲô˼
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ﰡȻǲΪǻȰֻѪʬһҪΣգνҵר˶ǷˮʦȻѪʬ뻹һЩԱֶΣǶǣЦһߵĻͷˣ
øлңҺıӣʰǸһ͹ǣ峾˵ͷһֻֻĻļһǿһ꣬лӣ
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ڣĶǣҴ⣬նֱӴ򿪣һŷ˳ȥż۶Ķӭȥ
ƾҲңͽʲôһʮᣡǴЦһһȭ˷ϣԭɳ۵ķ侹Ȼֱӱɢˣ
װļһͻȻб˳֮һйǣ˵ĬҪʱ֮սʤҲеѶȣ
ϣס⼸ֻ峾ݸıһֻзԭز֪óһɰ
ıӹ峾ķûΪʲôֱֻϣѾİֻѪʬһȥ
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ڲӦзٶȣıһûƺٶȣײһֻѪʬϣһϥһײѪʬĶϣ𣬶һɨֻ߳Ѫʬ
ۿŻֻѪʬ峾ȥıҲңγǹءǹȫǴѪʬĿϣֻ֮аǹ䣬ȫĿڣɼıǹֲ֮
ĸ˵ĻʱѾѪ֮ˣȻѪʬҲ߼ʬˣǿѲһǹԴ͸ˣҺãıĿҲֻǵעѣ
峾ϥڵϿзڰֻѪʬ֮ʱʱİγǹһ¶Ǳߵı񣬴ӷ콣Ŀռóһ֧Ǻʣ
ҽѱʶͥʮɽʥ飬壬ص飬ʯʯɣ
峾ĪִëպɰһŻƱֽĻŷģһǳɣ
峾ŷվغһߵѪʬȺǰ˵ϡ
֣ͱĵǷˣһսΣȻ֪峾ŷ仭ʲô֪峾ĵĻûõĶ¿峾˵ϣǿƵ


262 㵥һȺ
ȷ峾֮ǵĻ֮תЦ˵
Ȼ𣿡峾Ļ۾һԼʵģĸһҲԼܣϾԳΪֵҲ峾һˡ
ǺðɣԵһӣ峾ǳʿ˵תı˵ıɣȥԸǼһҷַӾ͹ȥ⼸ֻҾˣ
ãı峾Ļ̧ͷ峾ЦЦҲʣһٶȵ˲ѪʬİΧŶǳȥ
ı֪ĬпΪԼļǿάסսֶ߽⣬ûмڼսȦѡվһԣ¶յ߻ֵʱ͵Ϯһ£
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ֻѣǸСүˣ峾֪ʱҲһзһķ䣬תÿһѪʬͷ϶һŷ䡣
˷ΪѪСүרΪ׼ģ峾תһȦ֮վԭزİֻѪʬϵ˵յϢʱ峾Ѿˣ
ѪھмصһרŽѪʬķ䣬±ѪѪʬʩ֮죬ȻҵĻٴαߡ
峾֮ǰڵϵŷǴͷ˵ȥһеõģ
˷Ϊϻ꣬ʱжѪʬǿĴ֮ϵҶϻŸΪţĹЧֻǻЩ̣ǼƷʦһŷĿһһһܹɹ峾ԳɹҲΪھмصĶſھ
֣ˣҪ׼ð峾һЦһߴİֻѪʬŶȥ
ۿ̫ţˣ򰿴峾ӴݲɵЦ
֣Ҹҵ𣿴ôһȺѪʬʲôͣ˾͵Ҳǿ峾һȺѪʬɵϱɫ峾
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Ҹ绹ڵĴ³ģҪ־Ϊĸ˵ģҴӦ㵥峾ǵЦŨˣֻ⻰ڻУȴЩмУղҲô˵ģǱˣ
԰ǵӮΣɣһȥսȥɣ˷ܰȻ峾кֶܶΣֻҪ֮ڻ峾
׼ˣ峾˵ͷһ˵ϣҧ
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ðɣʵֵ˼ǣ㵥һȺˣһȺΧŹһ𣿡ӹѪʬȺвϴĶ˵
ô˵أ̫ûòˣѵ֪˸˵ʱҪش𣿡ƺ˵ˣѧ峾˫۲ͣؽԹ
ǷģԵĻһҪɱ˻峾һһɶ
ֻ֪ǣʱ峾ȴѾڴˣֻ峾ִһŷĵսȦ֮⣬ʾ˵ɢǵע
ҪĻҿ϶ɱˣŻʲô尡ӵ峾ʾ֮󣬼š
һɱģ̲סɧˣǰѪʬԺһ֮ĺ
峾ȵľ˲䣬һѪʬȺУзѪʬڻڶתһɲֱӾ˶ԷĶͷϣ
ɢ
峾˫ѸٵһָеȵֻǰֻѪʬĴɢ˿


263 
Ѫʬɢֻ֮һվм䣬ͷ峾֮ǰеķ䣡
ǣһȵʵ˫֮г˲˼飡
û뵽ȻʶΪޣ̫ǿֻܷʱ峾ǳ˻⣬̾Ϣһ˵֮ǰڵĳǱܷ죬ʵŮ˸Щ
ҵ찡ҾȻֱķ䰡ûĳл
ıЩĿһѾӽĻ
˵ϿԼ˵Ѿ˲ǷʲôԵĵطˡ
֮ǰЩѪʬҲǱ𣿡ıָָһͬվ峾Ѫʬ
ȻҲ֪õʲôʹѪʬѪʬҲֻǸʬѣʬϣԶԼ뷨˲ͬ˫֮˷ܵĹâͻȻһĨаζ˵ⱻʹ֮ûģҪĸŮǵͷϣٺ٣
ԴһŷǲñŤıѾƺѾֵĻʵ
Ļܵôడˬ˵ŵЦݣֻЦһͱ˿
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ıһ߷ɵĻźѵһıû˵ȴǳԹ
ҲôģıȥʱһԹһ㿴Ļÿ˫һСϳЦĿŲԶ峾ʵ
ôܣôֱôɳֲҪΪ峾һȻһҪʿһ㣬ı˵ͷٴ˵ƾⳤ࣬㹴ָ£
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ָͰץ֣峾һתھͺ˵
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䣬ͻȻһι˲оԼ׹˱һ㣡
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峾תȥȴǷ֮ǰߵȻȥأֻǴʱǸһ
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ֱӽìͷָԼ峾ֽıǰһ˵ȷʵң
غأе㱾£˰֮꣬ɣ˵ЦǸɱ񣬾©Ƶģ
ŵĻıҪȴǱ峾ֹˣͬʱı׵󣬲ıǷԸ⣡
˵أ峾˫ֱźˣ˿ôģ
˵Ļܼ̣Ҳſ񣬵峾˵ȷſʱһʬ޽ӽʬ˧Ľʬ㹻ʵǰ
Ǻǣ֪ǿҼҵټЩѪʬҲٻһˣոոػҪҪɣ峾ǰ̤һһȻ˵
ʵ峾вûȥôȻڶģ˲ˣʱеԥ峾֪ԼĶˣɵٴ˵ʯеĴҲһʵ൱ĴڣôҲһʵ޽ӽʬ˧ʬһˣڸսʱ򶼻ᴦƣ
峾ַԼĿڲźΪʦڰվƸıҵҪ죬Ϊˮʦڸ˿ˮʱ򣬾Ҫα䲻ΪϾõķˮ޵ģ˶ҪˮأôҪˮʦȥ죡
ܴ⻹֮󣬾峾ΪԼҪʧܵʱ򣬺ڷˣ
ֻҪ̸ҾͲ㣡峾вɵһЦ˵Ҫ
ܿ⼸ֻѪʬǸˣһʿôҪ㲼һ󷨰һԸʯеļһתʯĥһٴ
ڣʿ͵ʿɣȫܺòã峾Ҳֻи̣ĿֱӺ˵Ҳʲô󷨿԰㣡
и󷨣ȥоһʱ֮ʼ󣡡һ˦һ˳ǲһ仰ҸоҪѹˣƷԺ뿪


264 ʬ
峾ӹ֮ûмڴ򿪣ı˵˰ֻѪʬͶǵ󣬻״Ҳܸ˹ô˵ֱǸˣЩѪʬٿԻһ£
⼸ŷͭǮ㶼ţܶһ£峾óŷͭǮһԵıУһóöͭǮ˻ˡ
ʱеΪԼһͭǮең
Сĵ㣬ҿһ󷨣峾ɨһ۶վĺӺС˵
峾ֳһʶ̽УʱһǵصϢӿ
ʬ󣡡
ص󷨵֣ȥֺͨܰӣ
ı˿峾۾֪Ӧо˸ν󷨣ȫΧ峾ܣԷǺʲôı
˶Լ˵˿Ϊ⣬Ҳ˵ӣ˫ָڱΧʯ̨תȦ֮ͣʯ׵һͷдʣû뵽һǱˣôʱýˣ
ı˾ͿվһҲ֪ʲôӿȥ˯Ƶģ˭ҲҵģΪԿԴӺϸܵǹѹ
󷨺ðƾ󷨾סʯеļһС첻мص峾ԺС
󷨻ãϵ۹ߣ峾ЩˣʬԼѾǺţˣ֪ڶˣ
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֪˵Ŀడ峾̾ϢһϸоСкȴúܸ󷨣
峾֪ǣϸʬʱһתı˺һļ֮ıҪȥ峾
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ֹǲδһı֮һЩԺ˿Լ仰Ƿú˲ˬ
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ǺǣƺϲСӰЦһټϺ˸Ƿ߬ŷѾ˺ˮ
Сδĳɾ;ҵͣ仰ʱɵһȻһһȴǲɤ۱˳ҲҪܻŴȥ
˻£֮жһɱ⣬ƺʯҵ¶ȶ˲Ϣ֮併䵽˸оѪҺҪˣ
ʶ˺һо¶ȺûôˣıȴǾǿһҲˣô峾ǰ촽ѾΪ¶࣬Ҳһ£
ǲ벼𣿡ͻȻһͳı͸оľӱһק˻
ѧˣɨһѾ۾ֱ峾һӣʯڵ¶ָֻǿıȻ峾Ļв˼Ϊһþ
֪Ҫһӣ峾һ˫ִ궯ı˫Ըůһ߶ŲԶĺ˵˵ͷ˵ԽǸ̫ʯ֮ϣϼʬʵѡ
˲ҪСҿģ֪ʲôƵģ峾ͨһ˵ϣͷ絷һİš
ȻҲ֪ͨʲôһӻܱһ˿ַ֪ӦҲ򵥣ô㵱ܵʱ򣬾Ӧ˽Ҫ𣿡峾ϴһ˿޵Ц⣬Ŷİ޶Եĺˡ
˺ܶʱ򶼲̫ã˵κϲŭȴʹûٶȽ峾ȴһΪӣǿŵóŷıϣ
оָһЩ֮ıСϷһĨεƿ峾峾ĬĬעǰһУ
ǺǣһЦһ˦Ҳôԭڵϵһӱʯ׵Ͽգֻˡһˤʯϡ
˾ͿʯŬҪȴǺ˸סֽƵģƾ벻ʯһ룡
Կʼˣ˵ͷת峾ߣ̲˵


265 ΰ
峾һ׼̧̤ȴǴһĹģСĵ㣡
仰峾ûлͷֻǴȴǣһĨҸЦݣЦֻеĽһʱŻ֣
֮峾һһ˲ѵĵʯ׷ȥ
˵ĿɿڴУ峾ʯϣŽ֣̿ڿ־Ѿһŵ峾вһ˿顣
峾ֽɰȫϣִպɰϻŷģÿһоһ䣡
ҽѱʶͥʮɽʥ飬壬ص飬֮֮ڱʼ⣬½ʬʯף֮£ʬ

峾һֳڣʼһĨ⻪תڷ֮ϣþòԸɢȥ
Ϊ峾󹦸ʱ峾ȴһڼ˵вһʯȥ

ϻζ˶ȴͻȻ峾ĵͺǬ
ѭȥȴǷ峾ǸʯϺʲô˾Ϳ峾ڰ˸ȥÿһʯǰửЩʲôֻкĶÿζһ
𣬷㣬ˮ룬ɽޣң峾߸ʯǰʱ
˾Ϳ峾Ӱһٴʯ̨ϵʯϣ˫һƣʽָ״˵±ߵʯ͵һָҽҲͬʱ͵һţȵ⣡
Ҳʲô仯˾Ϳһӫ峾ָ±ߵʯУ
䣡
˵Уֻʯϵ͵һ£ײʯװ嶼Ƿ޴ŵ˾һ㶣
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˼ȴһһ˦峾Ӿͷ˳ȥı˵ķˤȥ
峾ıһҲԼǷܳܵס峾Ϸײ

˵ıе峾ʶһ漴͸о񱻴һȭ
󣬿󣡡
峾µı㬵ЦЦȴЩ룡
˼˵ˣıɫĿ峾
ȿȣλǲǻʱڴΣʵǿȥˣǳֹ
˭ΣϽıСһߺ죬һѽ峾ƵһԣһԱߵĻ
Ҳ̫صˣô㣬жĥɱ¿𣿡ǲˬĿǱվʯԱߵĺˡ
Ųھɱ㣿峾̧ͷб۾򰡣
ܵ峾˫ɱ⣬ʿˮתͷȥװû峾۹⣬û峾Ļ
̫˰ɣⲻжӲ𣿡峾վѪʬǱߵĺ˵
Ȼأһٷ𣿡ͷҲص˵һ仰峾ҭүģ˭ҪʬԶ

ۣ
ͻȻһҡ峾˿ȥѹŵʯװҲҡţʲôҪƵģ
𣿡峾𾪵Ĳ֪Եʱ򣬺ȴͻȻ˵
ߣôû㻹ôգΪƾô󷨾Ϳס𣿡ʯдһԸǶԺ˺ʬǲмһˣ
ʤ߿ܣͲңǸϲľҪؼ㣬ҲȻͬھǿ˵г˳ޣƺʯڵ˳˲ĳƵģ
飡
һ촫ʯʯͻȻ䵯˿ˤһԵĿյϣʯװϵҲѹʯ£嶼ҳˣ
ס𣿻Ǳ˳ʯһ̷һϴţͷߵվ棬ɢһ־ǿѹ
ԭû󷨿ס㣿ķôѳڻҵĶ𣿡Цţţͷ˿ԳһҲ⡣
Ǻǣ˵ֻǺķһЩֻʣһҲսʤңţͷһЦж߳˲мǲмǺӣ
ΰ㲻Ҫ̫ſ񣬽ҾõǸϲ֪˭ѡһϵĺ޷ĵ˵
ڣСүôø󷨣ԭֻһΰҪ̫ŵĺòã
ԭ˰쾢ֻһڻҶѰ䳾ߣıĻﴫ
峾̣¶һ˵ЦݣһѽıڻкǰԵ˵


266 ǺͻȻ
֣ıû뵽峾ͻȻ͵ϮС˲両ֳһĨߺ죬æҪƿ峾
㺦ߵͦɰģ峾ͷ΢бһֻ˿õ˵󲻵ıӦһ˻ǰ棬ĿбӵĿǰԶΰߣ
ıӦոҪȴǷ峾Ѿˣзߺ޵ͬʱһĨ۵о
۽⿴ıı仯֮峾ЦһºĿֱǰĶˡ
ߣĴʦ˼ˣ㲻ǵĻ䣬Ὣ֮λңô㶼û͸𣿡ΰͻȻҡҡͷ֮оȻôһ˿įһ˿ɸֵĸп
ΰˣʦ֣ƽװƽ׽˵ģҲŻĵϢңͻȻ֮ΰͳ˹ȥκܿ죬쵽Ϊ˲һ㣡
ΰ֪߻ͻȻϮƵģŲæĴһӣ˱ʧˣʧ峾˸оϢ
ֻ峾ǸоҲΰʧɲǣ߾ͻͷһȭȭͷϻһɫĻ
ۣ
ϵǣһȭȻˣ峾˵֪У˵ʵô˵ҲӦİɣôһȭʹأȫϿѧݰ
ôҵģΰüͷѪЩŵĿЦŶߡ
ΪֻʬҲʬѾ޽ӽʬ˧ˣȥɣߴЦţȭͷϵɫͻȻ䱩Ҫ̵ΰƵģ
ⲻܣ
һʹЩЪ˹峾˵ĶУȥɵôһˤڵϿѪľȻߡ
峾˫֮¶һ˿ɻ뵽ʲôƵģɵסıһһȥ
ǺǣûվסĺãȻұ֤³޴ļһһŶǱҪңΰͷûлؾ֪峾ˣд޵İ˵ͬʱһߵԣߵʹһŲȵϣ
ΰľٶΰĻ峾ǵѡվǲֻȴѾĴ㣡
û뵽ٶȥˣ㻹ô޴ֻһССķмˣΰűڽµߣ֮г˳Ļ֮ǰĺɸ֣ȫôƭӣ
ôܻȵʬ˧Ҳģ߶ʱ˻أ峾̸е
ʦ֣ӦҸҪúչҵģ㲻ɱңͻȻûƷİı˾һ˵ѾѾˣҲֻһʬѣţҲǸʬһȽţĽʬ
㻹ôûϢǵ㵱ĵһϱô𣿡ΰЦг˳ЦͲм
ôҶںֻҪʦܷһߵԵĶһ£һͼĵ
ûϢǵһϱǱǿ֮ҵĻҸɱģΰߵһڿˮ֮га
ǺǣʦɱúãǸ˲ʦֵľ͸߼ɥģһԵıͻж޾ıӣֻ峾˫֮ȴһ˿ɻ
ҰȻôңôҵūͰɣȱūͣΰǴһ㣬˻־ͺǸĶƵģ
ллʦ֣л
ҶɽʬȻǸΰЦſһЦһ߻Ҫţ
ǣߵţͻȻ䶸
ԭڵϵͻȻ䱧סڿЦΰϵ˲Ϣһ·
Ҫʲô𣿡ΰԭſıѾڣʱֵصɴ۾
ҲҪͬھҪΪҵϱƤޣƾΰĹϣرסΰ˫Ⱦǲ֣
ãܣ峾һʱ䷴Ӧһ·̫ϤˣҪԱǰడʬԱ³ֱ󰡣
峾ĻҲǼæתҪܣȻѣ˸ܳʮ׵ľ룬ƾѾ˶㣡
նȷ峾ϵͣ˫ǰֻѪʬͶȫ˹ΧڼǰҲǷӦ٣峾µͬʱѾ˵ϣն˿дһ
գۼ䣬նȵķ־γˣ


267 Ҳ
飡
峾Ҫվһıո˲䣬һ޴ıը˾͸оһǰѪʬ˲ɢģѪ⣡
ãҪƣô̫ǿˣѾѪˣɵš
߳ߵ黯ʥ飬һص㽭ɽ峾ͻȻеķ콣Խջ
ۣһ⾫ѪѪֲͣһŷ䣡
꣡
һ˵оһ˶֪Ƿּˣ
֮ƣڽѵһɲǣ峾дȣֳʽָ״һִָ콣ȴǺᵲǰ
ķסˣ򰿴Ž֮󣬴峾ǰɢһĹεסǹɱըɵ˷ܵؽ
ȻȴûӦĸˣΪѾ˵ڵϣıΪ峾ѪѾЩӣ
֣ܺһֵܶ˵ңȻһ·ܶ಻죡ǿӿ峾״ҲȥǵѪš
ǲģ峾ҧţＷһ仰ѵתдĵı˵о仰Ҫ˵Ҳ˵ûл˵ˣ
ϲ㣬ϲˣΪʲôƫƫҪҵҪķʽ뿪ҲҺ㣡峾˵ıȴǿŴ˳ڼӶڲͣĲţ
ٺ٣Ҳǣ峾ǳһ£ƺЦֻȴ˸ѪֻӲļ֣
һ̣ڻ˿Ǽʵģ峾ıȴ۵ģ
ۣ
峾վûмסһѪ˳ȥڿкƻǵ㣬ҹʢĺõ壡
ˤȥʮԶľ룬ˤڵ֮ڵϹȥ˼׷ͣ£ȴΪԼֹסȥƣɳǹȥˣ
ȿȣӾȻôţ֮󣬻ţҪվȴǣˤϵ߹Ǵ̵ڵĳλ۵Ĳιȥ
峾峾㲻Ҫıֻʵ̳кһӰ˭ڿ
ȿȣûˣıе峾˼˵ֻһ˵ǻоȻһ˿Ѫ
ҪϣͲˣı峾Ļ֮ͻȻ֮ЦˣԵ峾궼Ҫˣ
˶ϲңôأ峾ıдȤš
ƶɣҪˣҿ϶һ㻹˧˵ѣıѵõĽĵİ峾һۣ֮˵ջ
˭ҸһҾҲߣ峾ڼֿȳһЩѪ
ϣȥˣҶҪˣǱҶĻˣһ𣬻֮дһֽٺĸо
һе˷óÿţ峾ı˵
ıһۺȡ˷һ˷ţԼҲţ峾ֽŲܶΪҲˣ
塭
ı֮Ҫ峾֣ȴǱ峾˵ұɣͻȻԺҪûرˣ
峾Ļ󣬻ȻʯϣԴȴ뻮һת˹۾֮˸һֹâԣ
ʮһͻȻǲһ𣡡ıʮһĻ֮ԥһ֮˵
ôأʮһЦʵٴ˽Լԭ֣ͻȻоһ˿ů
ƤЦģ˵أıһһʮһ
ǣС㻰أôôôأһ԰ǻ˵󿴵ʮһ˫֮еɱ֮ҲǲΪ⣡
ã˵Ϊʲô²òͷʮһЩε˵
ˣıҪſ˵ʲôȴͻȻ䲻˵ˣʮһˣ
㵹˵˰ú粻˵Ƶģʮһеˣ
ǰ㵹˵˧ҲڵСô̸أͻȻһ䲻г˽⻰ͷһתͷȥ֪ι׶༪ˣ
ðһȥСүƼˣҪȻʮһعΰ֮󣬾һƿڴ
ʮһһڳĸһʬ֮ȫˣ
ȥǱ뺷Ҫѡұ֮ģипǧ
ң֪֪ҪɱֻǶһָ£ΰӦ֮˫֮жˡ


268 
ţΪСү֪ڵ״̬أҾͲһԱûըɵ㣿ʮһԻȥˣʲôģǸʲô
ʵеʱ˾ƽʱ˭浽ͷʱ򣬷е˾Ͳˣƽʱ鲻˵ĻҲˣ
ֻʮһ˵⻰ȴиݵģڿԵĸоΰϢǲȶȻһԱΰ˵Ҳǲᣡ
ΰԸû˻ֻ˵ĻһˣĻǷϻ
ΰʮһĻϵı粻ǰʮһ˺ܾãͻȻЦˣǺô
ΪʲôҪʮһаԵ⣬ѾģСүĶˣ
Ұƣǰȡһΰ˫ż˵
ȡʲôҪԵʲôʮһɵʵ
ʬӡûʲôΣգֻҽȥֻǲܹȥΰ̲˵
ʮһȴһƲ죬ûΣգôϷձֽŪأ
ǵƲҪƣҪΣʮһϲɫ˵
˵ΰĻشܼ̣ʲôƵĲֻҪĹѨеģʬӡԣ
ʮһЦһһԵ˵˵ҪõĶΰʬ˧˻ǵģ
αԼҪĶΰֻص˵ͷ
ս⣡ıһ˿ŵĳ嶯
ʲôΰüͷһ֮ʵ
ΰ仰ı˲併˼㣬֪ӦûˣȻΰʲôǴһ˿ϣʵһǿ˵սģ
仹ö̫òˣԺҵҪΰԼֹ֮ҡҡͷʾûС
ʮһֱסıļοһº˵ҪҶ
ʮһĻΰĿʮһһ֮˵ͷ˵ԣ
ƬʮһԷӦ˺ָͷ˵
˲̫̰Ƭ˶ѣΰǾһ˵һ䣬ǴӦˣ
ˣȥȡɣõ֮ǽΰʮһûڵôߺ˵
ʲôЦȰѶǣȻҲȥʮһЦĿһΰʿƵģӱֱͷͦأ
ʮһķӦ󣬻ҲһӢ۾ӿΰ
ʲôвɻǮģΰһ㶵żˣ˫ŭԼһʬ˧⼸ǿ߼ԼҪţôСȻԼ̸
˭ʬ˧Ǹ߸ϵĴڰǼһ𶼵ֲһСָͷҪõʬӡ֮һ㷴Ǽʲôò𣿡ʮһһתͿʼΰƺҲܱƨĸо˵ѶȸǣҲðĵȥȡʬӡǰҲˣʲôʱõʬӡҲҪĶ뿪ˣõİ취
Ҳãңΰκĵ˵ͷһ仰Ӱԭʧˣ
Ҳڣ̫ţˣ򰿴ΰ֮󼵶ʵ˵
Ҳѧ֪𣿾һͷҲڶʮһЩ˵󿴵һԵıЩ䣬һº˵𲻿ˣأ
㣿Ĵȥ㣡ıƤ̧һ˫ƴˮͫÿİһʮһ֮г˱ӣ
ʲôҵʮһüëһǳӴţҪɳһ㣡
˵˵ߣıȴǲᣬžһ´ֻԼѾܾõĴ֡
ҪҪôںŰţǱҪǲ֪ĻΪʮһıʲôŭԹأ
ҵĴѼˣʮһıɫֱӽ콣ǰ
ʵʮһ֪ı˵˲ʣΪĳޣǣԼ
Լֺγһأˮĳ𻹵ԼȥֻԵĻʮһ֪ԼҲҪıĳҲ˵ģ
ҪĶΰǳͻأĳˣһӰڼǰ˾Ϳжһӣ
˴򿪺ӿһ֮ȫصĺˣʮһҲˣھмصķҶ֮󣬱Ž˻Уȴǳ˲עŵ˷콣Ŀռȥˣ
ǸĲ֮ĹٶȶһΣΰ֪ΪʲôôģӸıһӣıɻĴ򿪺󣬷һغ˲εĶ


269 ֻ
˲ι֮ǰĹµģҲϲǷ˵ģûĻھʹǹȥΰгԸʮһԼ֮ǰС˼ǲǶʬ˧͸ˣϸԼЩǲҲĿĵģ
ȥɣſڵǣΰû˵һһǿʮһֻоǰһڣ۾ʱǰĻѱˣ֮ǰʯ̨һѪģʬȫˡ
оеأһǾʹԽˣ򰿴ǰĳ̲ס̾
⻹ĹѨڣıС΢ҲЩȡ
ʱڼǰľһˮīһ㣬ɽˮлвݣз磬һжô
ӦûĹѨڣûʲô𣿡ʮһھеطһҲûзʲôԣȴһֵĵ㣡
ﲻԣҲתʮһ
з񣬵Ƿʮһ΢۾ľɫ
ûУǵ֮⣬ûκεʮһĻ󣬻üͷ徲һ֮˵
ôһж͸һɹأʮһ˵
꣡ʮһʾΪоһϢǡ
ˣȥɣΰƾմ
߰ɣʮһŻʹ˸񣬶һǰȥ
˼֮ʮһһʣоһεǽסԼȥ·
н磿ʮһͻͬ˵
谭ǵģΪǵΰٴδΰ仰ʮһȴһ˿â
ʮһȴ磬ͻȻһı
һʮһı˵ղҽ𣿡
ıɻĿһʮһҡҡͷʾûС
ʮһֽĿתˣҲҡҡͷ
˵ķӦʮһ¶һ˿ϲɫɻĿԼ˵Ը˵˿ʬ˧Ҳ
ŶΪǽʬûǰɣȻ˵
ԭصϢһ£Ȼﻨģܸоģʮһشһ󣬱Աһ¾͵ȥ
ôоϷأСõһսĶÿҲõһЩǾҪ񣡡ºͻȻ˵
һ룬ô£ֻϷȻ񣬵Ϸ˿Ҫ˾ûˣ
ıʮһȻָһе˲ιһº˰УûѡֱӷãҲѧ⼸˵ӻָֻǸձ۾Ӷ۾ˣ˶ṦԵϢԼֻᲫ۾ʲôð
ΪԼ̸еʱһâͻȻûзӦʱؿϣ
ıͷȥһ˷ǲɵøһ˿Цݣ̧ۿȥʮһûжƵģȱ۾ڴ
Լʱ֮ѹ³һ֮Ǹ˯һ˸󿴼ǱߵıڵͷŴԥһҲû֨ͷĸ򰻹ǱȽηģ
ʲôأǲأʮһ۾󣬾ͷı֪ʲôʱܵԼԶŷأ
ܲôҪ𣿡ıʮһĻһ죬һ㺮˪ʮһ˵
ʮһ±ЦЦȥǺ
ҾԺ˵עĺãҲ֤Ҳɱ㣡ıɫһϲЩĵ˵
ҪɱңҲҪ˵ʮһɴˣˣ
ܱ˵ʱ˵ϲֻǰοģһ㶼𣿡ıȦе㷺졣
ϲģʮһĿıһ˿˿˵
ĳޣҵĳޣǹǣҲǣǲӵаģıú˵˳
һԸѹĻһ򰣬˼ô£ʼ磬˾һĿʮһı
ҵĳңΪǶǹǣǲŸӦһҲʡĵˣʮһϵɫǳ࣬ʹǻԹҲоһЩ΢
ˣ̸ôĻˣȥһ°ɣıҧ촽ģʮһֱվ˲ıǷԸ⣬ֱӾ˶Է˵
һڵģıһ߱ʮһקߣһ˵


270 
һҲŻڣʮһͷҲֱӻصٴ˵Ժ˵ûõķϻˣһأҸ㶥ţ
ԭ۵ȴͻȻһгˣ£װģҸ㶥ţ
ܲܿһֻĸܣǲ߷ߵĴţȻѣյֻʮһһָ
С㣬ôôأ峾ŶʮһȻôǿӲĸ˵ôأûȥʮһΪʲôҪҲ֪洳ô֪꣬Щ֪ĲҪȥͼ֪̽ԽԽã
һŮỹҪȡǶ˭𣿡ʮһǳƨ˵ͺһƵģȻûעǣĻոʱı黹Ҹģһ뵽ʲôƵ˲䡣
飡
ʮһֻоαһţǰ˳ȥ׵ľ룬ȻعʣһɱĻо𣿡
ʮһ˲䱳ԸٵתعͷʱϾЦ˻Ƶ˵ôأǶǴпģ
ʲô鰡ֲ֣´ĸ塣
㻰أôشأʮһŪȥıȴһҪ׷׵ļƣ
ǺǣôʮһεЦЦҪǰߡ
˵ıһȣûŵʮһſڵϡ
ͻȻһ˵ЩǴҪģҪǣѵֻһ𣿡
˵ЦУѾ˽İ׵ľˣһ·ûκεΣգ
̫֮⣬Ҳûʲô鰡ֵ˵ͻȻ俴ȫ˵Ц֪ˣǲǣ
ˣʮһдһ˿˼顣
ʮһĻֿıҲڵͷ֮һֱӾڵ·ͷվͷҲصľһŷ˳ȥлдʣηܵүүǰſ񣡡
ۣ
һŻͻȻȼ˶һĿɿڴ
Ƿȼ֦ȻĶˣͻȻ両ֳһӣһͺŵƵģǴһɷ磬ֱǴӳķ䣡
ʲô֣Щδ˵ֻȴû˻ش
Ϊʮһڵ˴˿ȫǴסˣ㿴ңҿ㣬ҡͷ
ԭ֮ǰ˵ˣֻŻһ򰣬˾;Ķû뵽ôݣû뵽ķһճһᶯ
Ϩ֮ͻȻһٲҡθͣƺǶ˸ǲˬ
ҲڣܣôҲҪʱˣʮһȷӦһıܣһߴ
˷Ӧһ·񱼣Ȼѣһֻ׳ż˷׷ۿžҪ׷ܵˣͷһһȲĴϸϾͿҪˣɵѽһٶȾȻ˻
һ˲䳬Լɵһ£Ȼ͸оһʲôزסƵģͷ͸оһɴ
Ҳȸǰŵüæ
ǰʮһͷһסˣһԥ콣˳ȥ
ǣ
콣̽УֻŻ˲Ϣɿ˻ӣһ·ٵĳ˻ȥ콣ȴ۵һ˵ϣ
л־֮ڵĴϢţô̶̵ļʱ䣬
û£ҶСĵ㣬ﴦ͸Ź죡ʮһ콣Ŀһֻ֮һ˿ɵղǷ콣Ļ»ͱֱˣ
ٴǰУ˶СģʲôŪʲô
ٲȻһ֮󣬻ͻȻԶǴֱµٲŵٲˮĴʯкܣ
Сĵ㣬ǰû·ˣӦþͿҪˣʮһ̧ͷȥ￴죬ȻһƬεĶѾжûгֹôεˣ
ǿԷʬӡĵطΧŸһ֮һһʯͷ˵
˵Ӧò̫Եĵطģֻһ۾ͿһУҲܲضĵطʮһһܱصʯͷͿ˵Ĵʯͷ֮кɻ
ôһֺϤĸоСͻȻʮһԺдһ˿㯣


271 
⻹ǸĹѨڣǱǸʬ˧ӽģʬӡʮһ¸С콲һ£һղӦ˯ˣ
ĹѨڲСڻһ㣬ʮһҲߴ٣վǿǷʲô©ĵطûѲģ
˺ܾҲûСҪ˵˼ʮһ˸ʯͷ
ô죬ǰû·ˣûǸʬӡ߹ʮһָһٲŵɽ
ʮһһ֮˵һ£
ʮһĻ˺ĬһԵʯͷϣӾͲðˡ
ʮһӷ콣ռóѰִ̣̣һָһָѰڣһĨƹѰС
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ʱʮһȴǲ֪ıͻôģΪʮһΪѰ̽õĴ𰸶е
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СһЩɣʱ׼սɣʮһһֳ콣ִǰȥ
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274 ¹
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һ֮ǰܵĿһЩʱҲԶһЩϾܵԽ죬ܾԽ󣬿ȥľпܸ󣡡ʮһ˵һ֮󣬿һԵıЦһ£ѯһıģȴǿı˵ͷʾû⣬Ҳûжʣ֪ıֳܵˣ
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276 ǧҵ
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һʱ֮䣬Ȼĩյĸо
ȥκжϻ߾һ˼ŷɳʯ
꣡
նȵĶܷ˲Ϣ֮ˣһ¶ûüʶ䣬ʮһԵļ˱ڻУӭˣ

ɳÿȥҲ죬˵ײĹѨʯϺֵһʮһǿڿתһһӦģǸҲҪܵıԼеŮˣ
ۣۣ
ˤڵϵ˺ĬĿ³һѪǱʮһȫ廤ŵıҲ³һѪ
ȿȣϺɢˣڵϴڵĴƺÿһһ㡣
ɣҪȴָ첲Ȼˤλˣûȥ֧ţ
ʮһǧҵıſǻ˵մѪ˫ʮһѾֲ˭Ѫˣı˲ԼƣŻеĿһ߿һҪѻǸػˣ


277 
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ĸ˷ĸǰı״̬һЩ񣬴һԵ̯һſڵĻ
ȿȣһžǣѵתͷһ˵
ıæҵĽʮһǰóеķһһȥԱһʮһģһģţȫʮһϣʱʮһһ÷Ƶģ
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Զսɢ󣬳һֱԼʮ׵ĴӣӼȥͿж
һŵĶӣ֪ܻܲųȥʮһûоȿܾҪǷлŵˣ
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˱ĿϢʮһ۹۱ǣǹۿڣڹĽԼУתھеȥ߶˫ɫȴǷڵϿ˵ˣԭĵʱͺ񱻷Ƶģɱģ
ˣӾҪָҲҪܾˣοŬ˰죬ûһ㶯ʮһЩε̾Ϣ
ҪҪȰЩľ޸ã˾ɣʮһɨһ鼸ڲ˵

ʮһ³һı󣬼æеʵôһЩ𣿡
һЩˣܶ𣿡ʮһЦһʾԼû£ѯʵ
ԣıԥĵͷ˵
ҴӻȡöͭǮȻԣΪǰڳǣʮһ򵥵˵һ䣬ٴα۾
ıʮһöͭǮ󣬼ѵվһöһöĽͭǮڷźãּѵ߻صʮһԿʯȥ
ıںͭǮһ˲䣬ʮһ˫黨״дʣֻȴʲôҲͺһ㣬ٺܿ죬ÿҹɬƫƧֻǵЩڴʮһ˵ʱȴ˸оһɲɣĸо
飡
ʮһڱĳһöڣǰڷڵϵöͭǮͶͺǣƵģǵ֮ʱϵıӲΣ
˾ͿöͭǮɢ͵Ĺâ߶һ㣬ɢ˵Ĺâ͵Ĺâʮһڵĵط۶ȥڼ˵Ŀɿڴʮһ֮ڣ
ʮһͬҲ붨֮еأͲǶʱ֮ڿԻָĺõģʮһı˵ĻԾ۾ȻʱζԶһγ
ȷʵñ֮ƣλıǣʮһԼһһ㱻͵İ׹޸ľвΪп
ھǺöҪûھȥ֪ôطȥҪûھĻǺҲӴЩ
飡
һƾ죬ʮһ֮⣬һѰȥзɳ˼ʯͷǾʯͷڵϷ
ʮһȻҲ죬ֻڹؼʱڣԼľϾͿԺˣβֹͣ


278 ָת
⼸ϣⰡȻţһŴзɳһӰȥɵôһӰ뿴ˣ¹
ǼϻҲܺãҾͿĥˣǾȻ͵ҵʬӡϷˣң¹ĿڼɨһȦ󣬶ȫָʮһϣ
ΪԼأŲҪûˣһƾ㣡֪ʮһҪʱ䣬ô˵ϣ뿪ҲʮһˣϣãҲҪǿ
ۣһɾϮߵķһ˳ȥײɽʯϣѾ˵ٶһѪһͲ֪ˣ
ۿƥôүȰȻǴսٻغϣΡΡһֻ첲ָŶնĳ¹
㻹һս¹һǿмȥһۣҲôͻһˤ˳ȥſڵϺ²ʡˣ
飡
޸ˣʮһڴһ죬ʮһ۾򰱻ˤ˳ȥ
Сӣ㾭޸ˣҪҾ𣿹¹ʮһ󣬷ĳţһֱڵϢԼƴƵģ
֪ڵϢʮһȵʵͬʱڲϴ߶ھߣ޸˾ڵǿտҲҲǱģ
ϻôСƭùϷȽһпʲôʵ㣡¹ſĴЦһһ˦һľʮһϮ
ڣʮһһִ콣ǰûа취ڵûлָֻܿŷ콣Ӳһˣ
ҪʮһŭһһѪڿ˵Ѫɫõ壡
ǸʲôʮһҪŮ𣿡ʮһú˵ŻеѪˣˮ˳۽
Щú۰̶̵ļһĵʱ⣬лл㰮ңıӣСвϵѪ˳ǰ˫дһ˿һ˿Ҹ
ҲҪ˭Ҳ᲻˭ҲУʮһд޾ľ
ܰĻ棬ø˵ĳðĻŶ¹Ʈģ
һָָ꣬ǣָʮһܳ¹䳰ȷֽһֵƣŻʵСĴָıİٻѨĴָıؿڣʳָı絤λã
ָת¹ʮһһ˫֮״¶𾪵ɫʧɫĿʮһоȻһЩ˭ôָת
һ˲Ҫ֪ô࣡ʮһӰб쳣Ǵѩɽ߳Ƶģ
ʮһĽıƽڵϣ̧ͷ˲˫֮ɱ죬ĳ¹ǲ˺һ
Сӣ㲻Ҫ̫ţָתҺΣĳˣҲɱ֮¹һһСһŵˣ˵ֱ̫ˣ
οҲɱ㣬Ҳ˶ˣָתÿһָǶʮһӵȫתŮޣ㻹мʱտɻ
֮ǰģʮһ˵ÿһֶһɱΪˣһʬѣҾնʬ
ʮһĻ󣬳¹һ㶣Լ䵽ʬˣССһƷʦҵĶ֣
һ³һѪѹĻȴ˶ȫ̵ĶԻ¹˵ʮһʮɸıʱЩֵʮһ˵ҪɱΪʬĳ¹ʱﾹȻˣ
ǺǣһƷʦʮһЦһϵƾͶȻ˲ͻһƷﵽ˶Ʒʦľ磬ȷ
ôܣ¹ܵʮһϵƲɵüͷ
ɻʱڣʮһϢȻǴﵽƷʦľ磬̶̵ļ֮侹ȻһƷƷôڿЦ
һ̣¹ڲٵˣֻһº˫ӿһĨɫʮһͳ˹ȥ
𣿺𣿡ʮһ˵ͬʱƫӭų¹һƺ˹ȥ
飡
һײĳصĳٴƮƮķȻֵıĸһ֮ȴûһ˿ܵĳγĶԱȣ
ƷʦҲҶŵʮһ¹Ц


279 
ųɢȥֳӰҲһ漴Ϳʮһһͷ׷˿ͻȻ޷趯
һɳɱʮһȻ緢Ʒɱ㹻ˣ
ʮһһǱڵϵķ콣ˡһԼӵϷʮһУ
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һʬʮһ콣ֱָ¹âһ˳¹
ССϷ¹һȣħܣ
¹µһ˲䣬һīĹȦ㽫¹ڡ
ﬣ
콣ڹȦϾȻһ
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ǺǣʮһȴǶԳ¹ĻᣬЦһз콣ٴλӳ׷ʮնаħ
ʮһִ콣һʱоԭΪʹطǵٶȿ˴룡
飡
ײ¹ǰħܵ콣Ĺɵһ𣬳¹ɵЩ⣬ƾʽٶΣǱҵĻħܸסˣ
Ȼѣһӳ¹ɫͽӲӭϸܵһΣգ
꣡
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ۣ
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ʱ䣬ͿŹâڲϵĽӣһȭīһɫмɫ
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Ŀıһ֮뵽ʮһ֮ǰָתһЩпһֱ⣬翵ĶôıȻ涼ΪҲʧԼʮɵЩˣҪ뿴һƾջʮ˻᲻ʲô仯
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ʮһأһıһ漴ָһ½սŹâʵ
ɫɫǸ֣˵ͷ˵
飡
ıŬҪսȴͻȻһ촫ͿһѪ˿ӰԼߵɹ
ڣʮһˤڵ֮ɵһϼһﻹѲҪΪ֮ǰΰսʵԼʹطʵҲսز
û°ɣıæ˹ȥֱӷʮһԴԼϣ
ˣãȥǱߵңҷַӾʬʮһıȻܵԼ˵ԼʩչطЧˣ󿴵Ǳߵĳ¹ԼվŭĿԼıĸ첲ǿ֧վ
Һ⣬Ҿʶһʬӡ¹ʮһȻҲվɫú裬˫ǰ·ۣһǳаİɫâſ
ʮһ˫ضų¹˫ַ۴һӡɢŴ۵аɫâʮһɵһ
Ǿҿʬӡжʮһַ콣ǰڷ콣ỮƵĻһεѪ˳ڽϣ
ʱĳڷŰţһɢаϢİɫâΧų¹ͣתţһħҪƵģ
һɱѪ⣬Ѫɷ콣ſʮһӳĶԵѪ֮еɫͷеʮһ˿̸һޣ
ʮһ֪ǣ˿òѾ˱仯Ϊ仯òѾ˱ò


280 
Ǳò˧һЩı͸Ѫ⿴ʮһĲţʱıһ
ȿȣҾҵѾŤˣһ£˵һıŭĿӵĻ
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֮ǰһΪҲֲ٣ϾҲǺ˧ģֻڼֵʵò֮е㶯ҡˣ֪ΪʲôϲˣϧҲǸŮˣ󷢸пƺ̸۵˴ʱڽɱ
ˣŮҲϲģϲΪ˧ıԻʾһ±ӣŶԷеĴ
ҪǳøƵģ㻹ϲ𣿡м˵ָһ¸ո۾ѹһ򰣡
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ֻǻȴипţȻ˵ģⱾһ磡ֻҪ㳤˧Ĳ񹲷߲ԭµ飬ǿԱģҪǳѿģҸӶᱻôȻվӣ
ɣҪȫͨıҲǲܶùʬӡģ¹һеʬӡŶʮһ˹ȥ磬˿̬
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еһƻǿĳûвĿɿڴУʬӡײѪɫķ֮Ͳˣͺһȭ޻Ƶģģǧȭֻᵲȥ
ôܣôܵסҵʬӡһ¹ɴ˫ۣź˲˼飡
ʬӡ֮ԻʬӡΪһʬڽʬưһʱõӡ£ȨͺñȹŴĴһ㣡
ʬǽʬм߼ĽʬҪʬ˧Ҫһģо൱ƷʦĴڣʬӡ˵һʬķȻͬ죡ȻһһƷʦСƳһƱֵסˡôأ
оܲ˼𣿡ʮһƺ˳¹еĲ죬Цһз콣ǰһ죬һѪʱʱ׳ۣ
˽Ϊ죬ұ֮ѪԷ콣֮ӡڴˣʮһᣬȴǴĹѨڣ
ӡң룡¹ܵ˷콣ϴΣյĲﾹȻôһЩ־壬ԲŻŭҪɢԼеĿ־壡
Ѫֻأ򻧺Ʋ񷣬аΪʮһȴǸѾĳ¹ִŷ콣趯ţͺ轣һ㣬ֹֻԵ轣вͬʮһ轣ƺÿһһ⾳
ҵģҪҲҪͬھ¹״˲ͬʮһ轣ܵ𶥵в
¹Ļ֮˾Ͳ¹ϢͻȻڵʬͻȻ䲻ܿݺƵģ
ãҪԱԶֵˣȷ¹쳣дſ־˵ʱҪһԱ治ʲôģǾҪһˣһŵûһϲŮˣ
ǲȥôãǻһĭʵһ䣡
ֻıûз˫ֽ߬һ𣬽ŵĿǰȻʮһ
һ̣һû趯콣ʱѡԱܽĻͬھˣֻѡˣʮһԳ¹ϵı仯һ㶼ںΪһӳ¹ҵϢͻȻƽˣͺҪȴǸոе㼣ͱǿѹƵģ
͹ԹԵıˣʮһǺƭһСĹһֻ֮ȴǴ޾ɱ


281 һ
㵽˭ҲҪף¹ŭţʣʱһϵļһܣŭŭʮһȻôǿķ
ףСү˵˲ģôӻɵӣʮһһ֮󣬱ǿɵƵĿŶĳ¹
Ϊɱ᲻ɱ㣿Ѿȱ۰ɣ
һ죬Уʶ꣡ʮһһ֮󣬾Ͳٸ£ܸоڵʧȥĻֿܾҪˣ
ʮһĻ£ѪͻȻһɫĽâֱ¹ȥֻգۼгɫĽâȫ˳¹ڣ
ų¹ۿɼٶȳһȦһȦѪɫ˿ߣ¹׵İһӣ
Ѫɫ˿߽֮ʮһæһ˾Ϳ¹۾ˣŵµȥڰʱ򣬾ȻǴˮһϢľͽ˵棬һһʧУ

¹ڳȥ֮ʮһɵһһβˤ
վʮһԼ̫ˣܷӡ¹ֱǲ˼鵽˼㣡
һΪ¹֮ǰΰһսˣΪ䵽ʬ磬ǺҪһ㣡
ڶΪԼʹʱΪƷʦľ磬ԼϺ¹ĲС˺ܶ࣡
ΪԼ֮ǰΪ˾ıʹָתԼʧʮʹָתĺôıԭ֮⣬һôǿʹһӡΪλʮһҲǲֻ֪ھôصģ
֮Գɹӡ¹˵Ƕ෽ԭٳɵģò˵¹̫˥ˣ
Щʮһһ㶼ںģֻҪʤˣŵԼ˵ǵˣûʲôȡģολһһߵģ
ʮһΪ˱ӡû˲ٿض䵽ʬӡЩôȥʬӡȴԼ
ӭһ𣿡ʮһЦתԶˣĿⶨѾĲıС˵
ôϣҾӭһɣıÿһ˵ĻȣԼһں󣬱СʮһǰֲѾλվվȵʮһ
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ҵϢһ£Ȼʹط߶ʬӡ뿪ʮһ˿Լдѯʣ֪Լô뿪˶ˣıĲһԵϢ
Գȥˣ˺ǸˣҲڵϢˣ뿪֮ȥڵϢҲԣûҪһʱ
ʮһĿһ£ԼһβûʲôˣΨͬǣԼʣˣֻʮһֵǣô֮ԼòȻû仯Ҳ棡
ûʲô֮ʮһ۾׼ʩչط߶ʬӡϾȵһĸֳ󣬰֮ԼͲڶˣ
סʬӡĴֻϢʱ䣬ǱҪעˣϢ֮û뿪ģֻˣʮһվ󣬱׼߶ʬӡˣֻڿʼ֮ǰһ¼ˣʾıվԼ
֪˻شһ󣬱ȫעעʮһϵʬӡ
ʥѪ죬֮ţʮһ˫ֲϵر任ŷ־һԵ۾ˣ͵ʮһһʬӡӵƵģԼ˸߿գͣڼͷһҵľ룡
ۣ
һŴ򿪵ֻʬӡͻȻ任һţŻشˣ
ȥʮһһһԵıųȥ
Ȼͻ𣬾ڶ˸Ҫŵһɲǣһ첲ϸȴǲ֪סı֫˭ҲûзӦĵڣһӱıקȥ
ʮһֻоһɣͷȥŭһԵĻҲͣһ䣺뿪
µͬʱʮһз콣֣·קı˹ȥ


282 ҳ͹
ҪңߣϾҪˣıԼһĪŷٵԽԽԶкǽʮһΪִ׷ʱ򣬲ʮһΪԼ
浱Сү۸ǰɣȻ͵Ϯʮһıģ˫ðģμٱϮı׷ȥ
ΪһԼϲŮ˶˵ĻôǸ
߰תüı˻ţҪ׷˸ߣ
ҲĿҵİҶȥ׵ѾˣʹܾȻҲҪƷʦʱֻԼȷԼǾ㣡ʮһ˫ֱĶı˵һĻ
ȻСи˵ƷʦʱʹطԾȻˮʮһԼ֪ԼǷƷʦһ죡
֪Ϊҿܾͳȥ𣿡ıɳƿ˵
ֻҪΪ㣬ʲôֵãʮһǣһĨҸЦݣ˵
ʮһɵϣıź£ȴҸЦݡ
ϲ𣿡ʮһֺһƱȥȴǲʵ
ϲıһ߿һЦһ˵

𣿡ĳɽУ򰿴ϷպϵһԵĻʵ
ʮһܴģȻܴһʬӡͻа취򿪵ڶΣֱӵϢһ°ɣʧĵط˵漴Ĵһ֮󣬱һôԱĿϢ
ʵҪ𣿡һԵԣ˿˵
ҲҪȥұΪͬȼ֮Ѿˣû뵽ҪһҪǿҲһ˵һδΪԼһԼµˣ
㲻⻹˵ȴǶԻĻһۣ˵˼նֻѪʬ𣿡
Ļʾҡҡͷ
˼ܲٿذֻѪʬͶǣ𣿡
ҡͷ
˼֧һӲסʬԱ𣿡
ٴҡͷ
˼ܶԷӡ¹ʬ𣿡
ЩҶһҿɫĶҪγˮˣĿԾһͱ̬Ƶ򰡣
ʲô£һʵڻ˵Ļʾǻɣ
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𣿡ڣıԼڻеˣʵ
ˣʮһ˵
Ҿ֪ڣڲٴ߶Ǹʬӡ𣿡ıʮһ
ǸҪʱһſԴ߶һεģʮһҡҡͷԼȥǾɥӣ
ȻڣΪʲôҪ׷ıһ˿įԸʮһû׷Ҳùʱ˵ڵĺã
˭֪һǶҰҵȻˣʮһϴЦ⿴ŴʱЩı
ıʮһĻһ£ŷӦ۾ʮһ˵Ȼˣң
ıȭʮһžһٴֻǸǰȴ˺ܶ࣡
Ҫڴһ𣿡ֹıʮһʵ
㲻Ը𣿡ʮһüëһ˫ֻסıϸ֫ʵ
֪ʣֻ֪һʲôʲôǱɣıʮһһۣ˵һʵ⣡
ǱһЩҰԳԣٲˮҲԺȣʮһָһ²ԶһƬľǻٲ˵˵Լʱ򣬹ͣһ£ǰǣһĨЦݣҳ͹ˣ
ıʮһ仰һӾͺˣݺݵİʮһһۣå
¸£
ȴȥϴ裬һģʵǲֱӰʮһЦһͽıŲԶٲȥ
ҪǸңҾ㣡ıҲֻĵƮôһ仰ŵʮһûˤڵϣ
һû׼ãԵ𣿡ʮһһˤıЦһºС˵
ʮһ֪ıһصŮϲֻΪЩ飬ŻнߵļˣʮһЦЦ
ԣյϢܿ԰ɣ漴ʮһʲôƵģЦſııûӦϢʲôʱ򣬱ͷȥ


283 뷨
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壬̣Ǿסɣʮһʱͻˣĳڣһ߸ڶһŮ裬һЦ˵
ллˣСĸ֣긾˽ӹЦ˵
ĸǶѣǰԸǽǶģ˵ʱǶϵһ£һһͷƺɫͷòȴǱŮ˶˹˵ǰʣ
ǶɽϵŮȻʮһĸĸˣԭǼܵʱ򣬾͵޵лʮһĸ֣ûϢģͺ͸һȥϽԽʮһĸĸ⺣У
һʼʮһĸĸţҪʮһ绰ѯʣֻʮһֻʱѾˣʹͨ͸˵˺ܶʮһԼѧ˺ôŰǽ
ò˵ȼ֮ڼ˸뿪Ƽڵֵ󣬾һ˳Ƽң޵ˣȴû뵽һ˸գ
̫лˣʵǲõߵģʮһĸӹʵݹ̺󣬺е˵
ûµģ尢̣Ǿˣʱǳȥһ£Ͱʼ˺ʮһĸĸ˸к֮˷ţ
ߵһǰǰţɳϺͻȻЩơ
Ҫȥ尢̵Űɣпһۼ֮˵
ãǻɵģʮһ֮Լȥ˵ɣʰ˰֣ת˵ǵʱעһ޵лµĶ尢̵Ⲽ󷨣а߷ˮʦĻӦõͨĴֵĻһˣ
Ҫأԥһºʵ
Ǿֻܱץȥˣģʳһºҡҡͷ˵ֻҪ޵˭Ƕһս֮
Ϊʲôô϶ŰǾղЩʡ
ûҪ֪Ƴһۺ˵£ҳȥһˣʲôҴ绰
УһǳȥСҸطŰɣе˵ͷŰһ߳˷ţűȥȥͤǱ߿ȥˣû뵽ȻҲ壬ⲻͨСǲʱ
㣬ôǸıŮ˻İʣŰԶȥıӰƲƲ죬ʵ
ţתͷ˵
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ΪʮһǣʮһڶȨʱȻүүǰѱʾȫǣ޵еֶβһܶԸģһ˿εĶԶ˫ûһɣЩʲô
뿪İתһͬڣҿһº˵磬ɣ
ֵܣ¶ˣǹкֵģǰһģӰ֣֮󣬾ԭ磡
ߣֻҪǲʲô˺ʮһ¾ƹǣһ۹˵ϵʮһ𣿡
ϵϣƴʦӦĳԶԶûȡϵʵĻҡҡͷԴӽӵʮһĸĸ֮һֱͼȥϵʮһֻô취ϵϣ
鷳ˣȻ˵ңô֮Ӧģ̾һԴӼǰǳ˵ʮһǻģʾһֱ͵͵ıϵ
ֻǰûи߸Լϵԭ¸һʱע˵¶죬Ͼ̫ʵˣ
ֿˣֻҪܰﵽƴʦҶ޷ˣ˰֣֮гЩ˸У
İɣôһ죬Ƿ޶˴Žļһͬתģοһ䣬Ҫ˵Щʲôȴ͵һ˵ãҲµɶҪϽȥ
Ǻã밴ȥһ£ʵĻһʧԭأ
ȻеѲ˸󷨣ֻδ̫ˣȺڣƸĸķǰ棬Ϊŷͷī˫ֱһµһӣ಻Զ߰˸һȺŹһӣ
ֻ˵ȺŹһ˵߰˸ˣ


284 
һȺôһ˶򲻹ѵҪүԳֶԸôһɵ𣿡ͷһ䣬óһŷ䣬˫ָס߰ӶԴĸбֹ
һȭһӺһתͷзֵһŷʩԥ˳־ʹϳ̣
̣о˯˿̳֮ܵļ´־һٱᣡ
գ֮䣬߰ȫſ˵ϰţȴתȻһԾװȻзӣ
ǸˮʦȻǸһЦһμзӱ˹ȥ
ߣΪӹ޵ˣ㿴ʲôзȻڸţսΪһˮʦԼϣȻֻһһƷʦ
зֳŸнһָʱһһĶͻȻӵ³˸е˫ţ
ھ޴ĳֱһʳˤ˸Ͷأ
ڣүǿԷģǼ⣬־ȻѪˣɵôһ̶Žµȥ
Ǻǣ֪ƾҲƵҵоҲԷй޳ܵģзӶԸеľٶǲм²һ¸еò
ȻһӵҵϵʱзӾ;ˣ
飡
ԭýȻһӾҶˣֱǲ˼鰡
ٺ٣Ҷ֮Цһһһĳзȥ
ƣзӷӦ˫ָãзŸоͷ˹ȥ
һɲǣһǿҵ֮дŵԼϵսζʹļæڵϴԼٻĽӴ
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зӵʱһιзֻоһ䣬ȻͿǸϵĻȻϨˣ
ηǰ۰µӺʦãŵĴһۣҲûпʲôɵ־壬ɫĽе
ǺǣôĿ㶼ô˲һƷҲ˼ʦţʦˣһӴŽߵĲԶûгȺԻĵҲ죡
ŪȸеģʵǶ˸տʼʱѾˣֻһֱûѣ
˭ʲô£Ŀľƺɫͷӣ֮дһ˿ޣһеôôģѵǸܣôһ׬Ǯɣ
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ϻ˵˭ģøһϻһһƷʦѣַַƷ
ŵΪʲôҪ㣿һƲǲмĿŰʣǰӾǸˣ㲻Լܴù
ǺǣҾϲԸģǧ˵ʺǺһЦЦĺһĪһվĸȴһͬĿź
磬˫ֽ棬˸ָ͵سһȣһವһ¾ͱźȥӦ֮ʱֻо䴦һĵʹʶһоճģ
ҵĶ䣡˺ѷε˻ԭǸо֮󣬽һȻȫѪҵԼĶ仹ڶأȻǰʵĹ̫죬ϵ񾭻ûأʹĴ
ǺǣסȴһЦ˫Ҫٴ
𣬱ˣ˵˵ʲô֪Ҷ˵Ҫ߶ʱˣ֣ðб˶
ټһᰡһû湻أȴǺûĻƵģ֮Щ˵ӣ
ˣү֪ʲôʰɣСһ֪޲޲æ֣ȻҪƺɫͷӣȴκα֣ʵ̫ˣɱˣеʱҪи׼أǰһ뻹˵أһͶжˣ
û˼㣬ɿŰ죬ֻҪҾ˵ĻǼٻ㶮ģʺεİ˰֣ǰ˼ת˸䣬һͤá
˭ģʿŶ湭վŵĺƺʵ
ǣԻǵɱԱ룬һ̫࣬ʩһ£ֱȫ˵˳


285 ʵľ
Ի˭ǲ֪ģֻ֪ʮһһҹ֮ɱŻУ
Ǻе̾Ӹӳо־ֳ֮ǰͷϴԼ⺣Ҳ˵ͨˣȻѾѡ˵ˣҲԲچ£
ˣȥɣô˵㶮𣿡ʵ˵ͷЦеĶԺ˵
ллүСľ˵ΪԼˣԺ¸ûһë߹ϵæһ˵һ߹۲Űʵı飬ͼʲô
𣿡ͻȻ
Сĸô˵ˣѵӦô˵
⻹Ҫҽ㣬ȥ͸Ǹ̫˵ߺأһ洫󷨣ҪһƷʦɣ̾˿һĵӣ
ǣȻأеˣôһӸ֪
ȻʹһƷʦʰ˰֣ʾ⺫ˣֱ߳Ⱥ׹ҪԼڼ鰡
ʮһǻˣһҪһ٣ʣʮһ͸˺󣬰ʿԶ˵
ǻҪЩʲôԱʵ
Ҫ𣬳˸˵ʵ֮⣬ҪоǿͿɽ˫һ˿⣬һһٵ˵ٹһʱ䣬һѧȾҪˣǷչԼʱ޵ȻǿܺѧĳţĴڴϹϵĻǺǣ޵ָտɴ
ϴͬ𣿡ԥһº˵
Ϊʲôͬ⣬û˵ֻ֮ҪһǿĿɽǲܱ֤㹻ǿ֮ǰٲʰһ۸Уǽ˵
һǾϴ᲻ͬ⣡ץһͷƤ˵
㲻˵֪Խһȥ̲סôôȱأ
˸к󣬰ʶ뿪ȺĴϣĽͷһ˿д
㵹ˣҲ֪ȥˣʰô̯ӣһ·ߵһŵԶȻĳŴơƵһȺˣɵҡҡͷ
ǲԵģҪҾͱˣ·ŵߵʱȴһŮĽɵתȥ
һȥʮճͷŮŸΧȹڶΧһȺ˺ֻдЩų
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ǰǾˣҪץҪиɰɣͷԱߵһëСܸ˵
ΧҪʲôգΧȹСŮ˵һӱߣûеطˣ
Գȥû㣡ͷǰͦһ¶˵
ιǼåȰǸϽȻһǣµ뿴ΧȹŮôʱһ˫־Ų˵ı뺷Ů˳һѲ˵žһ¿ϣ
ϺǣһСŮܳСүеˣ˿ֻһŮʱһº󣬾ǹЦͷ󺺸ſĿ
ʵüͷɵһ£ôô࣬뵽ֳʽָ״ֵлһ䣬һǰ£
ʱĴŵڼ˻£ĳԿѾˣֻкܶΧ۵վԶȴûһ˴绰ǰȰ˵
ҪˣԺִһӺ
ʵһŵǱߵһȺ󺺾һ𣬲ɵ÷ſץŵŮعͷŰʣ
˭ϰ尡ˣȴǸǼôǰһֱֻ̧һֻϣ
ˣԱ뺷Ůһż췢㶵Ŀյǰʱı뺷Ҳûˣ
һٸӣʮֻ򺣬ơ˵һۣ˵ԼҪԵĶ
㻹ǿ߰ɣΣյģ뺷ŮСȰ˵֪ǰɵǼɵĺΣգ
ߣǲ⣿СүûǮˣüëһб۾໹ԵС۾˵
Ǻǣİͷ󺺹һЦһѽСƵһԣǰʵ
ôȥҰţһųأȴǿͷһۣ۾һɿԷŮʵ
ʲô֣ҪͶ㣡Ůǲҡҡͷʵ


286 һ֣
ҽСֻҵϰ壬ֻܵͶˣСһº˵
Ӹ˵û𣿡ͷŭˣžһϣϵĲ;߶һ󻩻죡
ôģĵԱƳһ۹ͷ󺺣֮г˲
ͷ󺺲˵ּ˵ķԱ͸ϽȥСүȥҪǵĻ͹һȥСүԶ
Ҳڣͷ󺺱һ׸Ūˣһʱ֮侹Ȼ˷ĻëСܴһ֮ͷ󺺣һֻơƿӾͶŰʵԴ
СģСëƿʣɵô˳
飡
ëӵ˳ȥеơƿӺɲɵ£һصĲƬĺ󱳺ƨɺƱǹɨƵģνɳ̲ӣ
Ҳڣ
ëˤڵ֮ʹİǽͷ󺺻˹һһҷ13
ڣһȺСʲôĶУŰʾͳ˹

ƾųȺһֳڣ˾Ϳ˿һ޷ǵ飡
ЩԭڳҪѵʵС죬˿̾ȻȫͻȻͣԭأÿڶסһɲǣϵı黹֮ǰӣҲǰһʱǰĶ
ôڸʲôͷˣָЩվŲСܴţ
˭˼ˣҡ˼СܵûзӦ֮󣬹ͷһߺţһЩЪ˹ĺţ
ʵֻǹͷһ˷ˣΧΧ۵ĺСͬ飬ʱҲһƵĿŰʣĴǲĵӰЩǲǶǸƺɫͷӣ
ˣһȥҵԵİɣҲǿΧȺĿ⣬ҡҡͷվ׼뿪
ˣϲһЩԼͬ˻Ϊ࣬ⲻֺ֪γأ
һ£С׷˳
𣿡ʻعͷüͷʵ
ǸܲȰЩŪðСµ˵ָָһЩԾɱֲĻ죡
ҲᰡǸûϵһʼתȥͼˣ⵹ǰⲻȥǼ죬ʵΪҪⶨҪ»Ⱥ˸Լˣ
뵽ʲʮһһ˵һڶͽⶨΪһҲ֪ĻǼٵģ
ʱգ֮ȥ˰£׾Թ϶һץۼ
Ҳյ˺ϢϵʱһƷʦҸһĻжʮ֣
ԴˣֻЦЦԼ͸ҪǶԸһƷʦͶʮνĴ֣Ҳǰ׻ˣ
ô˵ԼҲõƷʦһƷʦôôοлһԼߵڼ飡
и˵ˣǼһʮ֣ƶһֵģ
԰ֻ˺һ֣ã

ʱգ۹ȥ˰£ĳڵٲ£
Ҫ׼ϢһˣһֱͻƵƷʦʮһٲ²ԶһʯͷϣԵļ˵
Ҹ㻤ı˵ͷҸЦݣ
ʵôȫøһģԱҸЩʽɣҪȻԺ򲻹ҿô죿ʮһһ֮⣬һĶûеɽȴȤ
Ҵ򲻹㣿һ֣ıһɣװĿʮһ
ôأʮһæЦ˵ּ˵һϷʲô飬㶼Ҫ֪𣿡
֪ˣ˵úϡƵģıһƲߵʮһʮҵʯͷ£۾о֮ǰʮһЩʽ
ı֮ʮһеķ콣һ֮󣬽֮ԼǰĿ۹۱ǣǹۿڣڹĺܿ˿״̬
ڶʹط֮ʮһڵѾ˴ŵ˽⣬ǳʮһֱӾ˫ɫﴦ
ҺȻʹǲڵԼָҲѾӯˣ
ʮһŵڵ˫ɫӵھе·תһ·ǳͨ裬ʮһԼû뵽ôɣʮһŴ߶֮ص·ת
Ȼ⣬֮ǰһɵľתһȦ
ԼѾ޸õľ;ٴαĳӯʮһеŶƷʦĽȥ


287 ٶƷ
ʮһҲ֪ô£оεһжôĳͨ裬ָоγƷʦһͣ
飡
ȻһƹڹϵĳƵʮһо˶ʱƮһ㣬ĺͺһ֮صҿһˮһ㣬ڶģ
åԶ¶ʮһı˵һ䣬æ˫ǿԼٴȥоЩʽ
˿ͻƵϲеʮһȻ֪ıѾһˣ֪ҲνΪÿ춼ʮåνϰΪ
һͻƵƷʦϲúʮһһݣۼڱ֮ǰǿھߣͬʱĬĬתƷʦ
ھһȦȶһ¶ƷʦľʮһеƷʦ·߳
ۣ
ͻǰļߺʮһ´ϲͷȻһٽƷʦĻԼٴλص鵤֮ǰľˣűҲֽһ
ȻǹڷģʵȴǹǸеģոոʮһȴͻȻˣ
ԭɽһȴߺ󣬱һ⣬ʮһģµ͵һ³ȥ
ۣ
ֻһΣʮһȴܵӭͷʹҲΪܴ³һѪ
û£ֱӾͿԶıеʮһЦһ˵ٴα۾
Լ̫ļˣʮһЩΣ֮ǰ̫˳ԼļͣҿڵȼߣȻĻ϶Ҫ߻ħ
ĿʮһûҲûģֻԺȴڹһ뷨
Ҫ𣿡ٰԼ뷨С˵֮С񿴹һ
ôˣҲǴھпİ˵֮Աͬȼʦǿ󣬾ΪʮһЩѯʵ
ѾҪԶͬȼʦǿˣСдһ˿ӣѾһһƷʦʬԿˣǿ
ǻµµģ㲻õģʮһҡҡͷ˵
һƷʦԶնɱֻѪʬ𣿡СʵдŨŨĳ
Ѫʬǿվûγʶ˵ֱӵҲǱһĽʬٶȸ죬ǿȸҲǿҵĵ޵УͬĹѾﵽʬΪɱȥʱпܾѾʬ˧ĵȼˣʱз콣Ҳһ֮ʮһҡҡͷɫЩ˵
˵ף㻹Ҫı𣬵Ҫ·ϲһҪģǵĺϲͿԵģС̾Ϣһʮһ뷨᲻֪
𣿡ʮһʵ
ûУӦ֪Ĺƽ쾭ԭȼƷʱǿģȴеѣСҡҡͷצ°ͣ˼Ƶ˵
ҪʲôֻҪܹ׳ҵʵʹҶνʮһĺ
Դʹþת취ʱҾ͸뵽ˣС̾˿̧СԴʮȽգֻ콣ûմ֣֮˵úϢһ°ɣʱڿʼ
ãʮһصĵ˵ͷ󻺻˫Ȼ֪СΪλͻȻ飬˵ȴһҪģ
ˣŮһϴɣʮһĵĿıвɵһůǷĴ˸ں٬˵
åıּһƻʮһ˹ȥ
㣡ʮһžһ½סƻڱ˵
ǲǾˣևNɪˣıվһ㺮˪
ǰһͻأʮһ˿η壬ƤЦĻشˣΪа취һıͶ
ŮȥϴԧԡɣʮһЦһμܶգۼıǰסϸ֫ٲȥ
ʮһåأıһ䣬㴽ͱסˣ
ܿȴʲôʹడСʱʮһٲߵһʯͷ쳤̾
֪Ѿܽܵ޶ˣѾռˣıĵİԵʮһһۣ
ռ˰ʮһЦתıһֱֻӽԼһ˫ǳӣǰžµС


288 ľ
ĺѵ˶ֻΪǸ𣿡ıʮһڻӲɵһ˵Ѿʮһڻмˣен
ģÿѾܿˣʮһעıˣаЦһº˵ҴĵһһĴϣ
ԭʮһĻʮһ񣬱ǽߵıʮһһ仰һֺֻݺݵʮһ䣡
ıʮһе˲䣬˫ֱʮһǰѳʮһĻûһűʮһĸžͨһˮ
ҪҪôݰıɱ׷򰡣ʮһˮĨһϵˮʹţ
ȻһЩôӦóһЩʹ࣬˵أıʮһˮеıӣЦ
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ʮһоԼͻڵһѪһȻ˳ӯλѪҺڵţ
ʮһоԼѾ˺öȦˣеѪҺҲѾΪһˣͻȻеѪҺҪһ𿪱ٳһµ
ʮһеһӿ˵ڵﶼҪʱһԵĳ˳ֻ·ȴھҲ˫ɫת·Ҫ֮¿ٳһ
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ͦȥΪˣӴһɳ죬ͦȥһҲ˳һӶҪ׷ɱУԶܸ㰮ҸСٶ˿δ̼ʮһ


289 Ĩ
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ڵʹﵽһʱС˵һˣ
ʮһҲܲס쳤ХԱ߷»ڵϼˮǶһ£һ㲨ˣ
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Ŷˣһˣ콣ˣʱ㽫ѪڽϾͿˣ
Сһ˵ʮһое㵱ͺ̫תٶƵģ
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ֻʮһû˵ֻ۾ģŶˣС룬ָˣ
ȥı壬ȥ֮ǰȰʮһһֱֻ⻹ûаƴİɫСϸĴ
Ҫɹˣı֪ʱӲԶ˹
ɹˣʮһЦŵ˵ͷ̧ſеСı
ۣһֻСÿɰıŵĽһʮһǰ˫Ȼ˯С죡
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ŮСﶼûܾģСôôɰôСС
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ʲô񣬲ǼֻС˰ɣı̧ͷʮһԴ׵󣬴Цʵ
УһἵʣʲôЦʮһƲƲ죬װǲм˵
ףôһС򣿡ʮһĲϣıҲֻЦЦûȥҴһֻȥʱȴǷ˾ȵĵط
ҿʮһıĻҲǲһ£˹֮ϸıһ£ȷֻССĳ֮ʮһɵ뵽СݱҲȻˣ
е㲻ѧɣıָʮһСĳԾ˵
ʵС첻СʮһһºǾСݸı
ʮһĽͺıӦ˺þòŷӦ˵Ǹְɣ
ıĴתۣʮһһʱ֮侹Ȼеûϣһ벻ǻ˵Сôһ˵ˣ
ʮһԥһ֮Ǿ˵Сֻ֣뿴ԺСָ֮ô죿ò˵ʮһйȤζģ
ǽʲôֺһЩʮһʵ
أıһ䣡
㿴һôףͽСװɣʮһıʻЦˣûֶҪǵ
ã㿴ͷһĨɫëҾͽĨɣıȴҡҡͷܾˣ˵ԼĴ𰸣֮дŲɵļ
ʮһһ޵ĸоΪС챻֣ΪԭǻûлȨİһ¸أ
һ̣ʮһʲôоԷӣ


290 콣
ô㲻ϲ𣿡ʮһɥı΢Ŀһʵ
ϲ˵ʲôʲôͽʲôɣʮһһԼȥһЩ˵
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ʵҾòǲ룬ӰҪ𣿡ʮһԥһ֮˵
ȻˣҲϲıߴСƿÿһʮһ˵ֻҪɰˣǲǰСĨ裿
Ҿûǰɱ˳԰ɣ̫еܲˣʮһ߷߲ƽ˵ʲôʱıԼôǹˣ
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ĨĨɣСԺɲܹҰ
ıĻĨƵģë׵СצӰһͣ۾˯
ȥ˯ɣĨǵĶѨھͿˣһҪоһ¶ʮһĨľٶҲЩɫѵļһ
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ıĻʮһоһůЩʵĿıĨȥˣ

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ʮһ뵽̧֣ʹ÷콣ػһ£
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СүͲŵ㣡֮ǰͻʱһʮһеһԵ˿ڴӿȥ
Ȼעеٻ۵˿ڴʱͺһ©һһĺѪһ𱻷콣˹ȥ
Ҳڣ㣬ͳ㣡ʮһ״Ҳŭˣ߶һѷƵ콣ӿȥ
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ֱǧߣ죬ҲˣȻ˼ǧߣǿ϶ǴģôҲмٳˣ
۵һɲǣǷֱµٲʮһͻȻһָָΪ޹أȴغľ
ջʮһûֱȥ콣ȱ۾һԺͻȻһЩ
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291 ʱ
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Ⱥڣʲһ¾ƺɫǰЦ
Ӿôվţʲ˵Ҳ˵ŴӰɢѹ˵ȶЩˣ
ǼҰжˣڼ˿Ҫʱ򣬰ƮƮ
Ű״ʦаˣȻشͿûзӦٴ˵߸ʮ죡
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ܸ״ʦңСĸеһңÿһСĶǵãæ̬ϵЦҪжϣ
ǸԻʲô𣿡վ˫Զա
˵˼׼ǰȥһλشʵĲǺǺԵһλӣ˽ҲǱƷһһƷʦ
ŭĿ˫֮һ˿ɱ⣬һһָ֮䣬ûȥĳϣ
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ɷҪɱ˰Լ㲻װ
Ʒʦ𣿡˼Ц˵
ʵĻ˾ˣƷʦǶ˵ôңԶ


292 ֻå
˶˵ˣھȻֻһƷʦܲƣΪ׶ƷʦˣʵĻеϣ֮ٴȼȻǼޱȣ
״ʦа취Сʵǵð
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ʮһѾǲаҵʱһεĴȾҪʼˣѾвսˣ񷣬ǿԿԶƵģ

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İɣֶҲ˵˯أʮһתһ۾ıĻ
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293 
ʮһıעУĨСǳ˳飬ŵ˹ӵζƵģžͿĨ̧һֻë׵Сצӵǰצ¶һ˫Ĵ۾
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ʲôԴӣټϰ׿츳زʲô飬ǼС͵ǸȥְɣһλʮȴȻӵߺǺˬ˵
зǺзˮЭĸ᳤ѾһֻƷʦˣ
Ȼʶŷܲð˭˼ΪأǰҪ£һˣԿԼòЦһǻӦ
ʰǾҪȥˣȥ׼һ£ҽзΰȥ㣬Ȼһȥ극֮󣬰ʸ׼߱㱻סˣ
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Ҳȥ尢̶˵ҪסˣҪǵļң˵ϴ绰ǴͨҡҡͷԴҡ˹Ƶ˵
ȥ˵˵˼ңеĻҲеʮһʧһˣٲȥĸˣÿȥΧǣ
Ѿ˵ͨ尢ˣȫȥУгȥҲͰСʱңŽ
ڲźܺʺǺЦ˵ͷǻشĻ
Ҫһȥ̵˵
ãʵĻشֻ̣м򵥵һ֣
֪ʮһֵΪʲôԼ˳ۣҲֻ֪ʮһʴӦת뿪ˣ
ʲôĿģֻҪ˺ʮһҾԻ磡ıӰ΢۾˵
գʺ͸е˸ոճͣ㿴ſһӳ汼ۣ
״ʦ׼Ҹ׽㣡߳һ߸ݵӣǷĶӷΰ


294 Ĳ
ԭԼģǼܲסΰ룬һ֮һ˷ΰĳڣҿǼӳ棬ռ䵹Ҳ㹻
ΰһ߿һŬѰŻ⣬ǺͰģְʲôϲ˵죡
ΰģǼܲסΰһֱ˵ʱʱǻôһ仰ģ
ȴǣһĨаȵЦݣε
ʵĴῴʱʲô˼Ҳͣ۾㲻˵
ΰǿƵģ۾ǲˣੲݵ˵ţ
֣ĸ߾ͰԼϽıֻͦ
Ǻǣ̸ϸ߾Ͳ߾͵ģھһССĶƷʦѣΰź󳵾ҡҡͷװǫ˵ֻǫ˭ܿóеα
ǷᣬԼǰװ棬ҲûNɪβͶ̵ȥˣ
ֻһ˰ھǵĸȦҲһˣΰĻдЦ˵ôǶƷʦˣ
ֽ֪󣿡һƨ֮ٴ׷ʵ
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ŶȻҲǿ˷ΰ񣬲ɫתͷһԿֵİʵ׸磬һ𣿡
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ҲڣǷΰǰַȣ˿̼֮ǰ̼ĻһҲ̲סˣ
ô˭ΰ³˻ȥ
أ㿴ôƣ󺺼ȻͦߵģݵĸСƵģֱ׳ˣ
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ŻҰ˵첻ʮǮûˣȻ˷ΰеɱ⣬ȴҲ壬һ֣ˣ
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295 
ΰȴѾ̣ȴлʰ
˲ǮӸˣ󺺺һеĿǸպ˾ƣǰһһѾץס˷ΰӣһɴ̱ǵľƾζϮ
ҷȰ÷֣ȻҲұ֤㻹Ի죡ΰŭˣһ̣ǻôûҪµ󺽰࣬ôʰˣ
ϺǣвǸ缸ͷ󺺼ЦһмĿŷΰ
ȻҾͳȫǣΰ˵˫ֻ̧𽻲ǰĪıȻţдʣ
𣡡ΰȵһŻֱ˵ץӵϣ
ʹڵϲͣشŹȻΰȴǿһۼ˵𣡡
ŷΰлֵĳںƵı仯һŻż״󺺷ȥ
գۿŻҪյˣһĮ漴ǵʧˣͺֹһ
ֻǽ׳ȴ֪ǻʵĴţղѾܵǹ֮ˣ
״ʦΰ󻺲İʣɻ˵
ͨ˶ѣΪǵʱ䣬Ҫһ۵ԾɴŹӣ˵
˼ҳ嶯ˣʵĻ󣬷ΰһǰȥμӱҪģôȻʰҲ٣
߰ɣһӣ󺺵ŵͬϵĻϨˣŴ˵
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ϳɣʡһύ˵ʱ䣡һ仰˳
ΰҲæʻϯţŻȥ
һ·ͻȻ䰲ΰҲچˣȻҲȥ˵

׼𣿽ǾͿ뿪ˣʮһʬӡһԵı˵
Ҫ뿪ˣе᲻أıһȦ֮Щ˸е˵
ǰʮһҲ̾һ
еĻ䣬һʱ˵˵Ҳ̣û뵽һֵطһʱ䣡ı˫֮г˻䣡
ء
Ĩһ㣬һʾ
ԣҵСĨ裡ıһĨͷ˵
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ʮһĻıҲ˫ֽرסʮһ壬ԴʮһĻСĨ裬ѾʮһŵԼ
䣡
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ԭĿôðıһ˵
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ʮһǣıĻĨ̧СԴ˼ƵģȻ˵ͷ
ıһĻҲûƷĴЦ
һһ·˵Цһ·ɽȥҲżߵɽ´ׯ·ڵʱѾǰˣСʱ
վڴڣʮһԥһºǾȥʱǻũң
֮ʮһҲûʲôǮֲˢҺʶ䣬ʮһֻóһűаķũˣһپƲ˺һĽޣ
ûбˣҲƴƣһسԺţһ߿ĨǴõ˺ҧһȣԵߵİɫëë϶գ


296 ҽ
ȥ㻹ȾƣʮһĨСצӶžȳ
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ĨСԴһ˫ˮĴ۾գţƺ˵ȣ
ǾͺȰɣʮһνģùһ뵹ϾƺͷŵĨ±ߣ
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ȾƸòҲ˰ɣʮһĨǸӣЦŴȤԵı
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ұĨɣʮһֽӹĨ֮ǣı߳˷Ųȥ
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ƷʦӦкܶɣΪʲôһҪңǧ˵Ϊҳ˧ϴɲòӵԼʮһҲͲôˣ
Ůѵ棬ôȻϷҺ𣿡ȴǻһ䣬ʮһ͸о˺ݺݵһ£ʹĲг
ѷһҪסˣ̧ͷʮһı˵ֻع˵ȻΪ˧ΪĹڲֻͬһ˲ſԣֻҪҲҪƷʦſõ
ΪʲôҪ㣿һԺɱˣҲǳˣʮһüͷɻĿӣ
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Ӧг˵Ķҿ԰ɱӼʮһҡͷ˵


297 ζ
ҪԼֱӵĻʮһôһ˲Ķҡҡҡͷᶨ˵
һ컯ɣӼջ
ʮһҡҡͷԼΪ˭ͻȻ뵽һ˵ŮһķɣԽǿԽã
У˶ռˣȴһ֮˵һʮһĻ
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ŮѵϣҾŮһӿһʮһıһӣһɫâۣ
ɫâɢȥʮһȥȻһƬƬɵüͷѾҪҪôŰ
㲻ҪȻʮһı飬Цеʵ
ʮһ˵ҪСĨȴһӱĵϣһεߵм䣬ĳ鶯һССıӣعͷʮһͺһ
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һҪҪӾеƬʵ
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ǺǣӦôһţӺǺһЦ˵СƬֽܶܣ
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ӵĻʮһŷӦȻûгǵٶȣʮһıᰲȻ£ôпܵľǲܸܶסˣ
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סĳŵ֮£Ӷһ仰ʧˣ
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ӭ峿⣬ű¶ˮʪĻϼξӨȻ䣬ʮһıĳϣ·ߵĳԼʱġաоˬ


298 
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ͺñǰһ䶯ȫˤ¼ԴǴ¼ȫһӳֺö


299 
еʱĲû˷ֻΪҷôӰǰ˭֪ܱթȥأ
ʮһ뵽ıΪڹӶԹڵǺ˽⣬˵Щûô򵥵ģ
ʮһĻıȻ⣬Ҳûжʣ
ʮһǵǰѧʱϿһЦһ糿ϵȥϰ࣬··ʱ򿴼һˡ
ߵǰһ֮˵үһ¹ǧ۳ˮѵӰ˵ģʣ٣㿴𣿡
ڵϵ̧ͷһ۰˰˵С߰ɣٵȵȣû¹ǧģ
ȻЦеţȴҲ÷ӳڵ
ΧԽԽ࣬˶۷׷׵ʱһŮŵ˺û˿ԥĶӣָ׼ȥˣ
ѽ谡ôˣ˭ײˣͻȻһŲ˴Ⱦźɫͷ긾Ů˽ŵŵ˿޵
ÿÿ˭ײĸ׵ģ긾Ů޵ʱ򣬴ּӣһӲһû£ֱӶΧ˭ײģ
˵ӣʮһ֪һҪŻΧܶҲ˳
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ңûаҾǿǣ׼鿴һǾͽˣûŮһɵˣ˵Щˣ
㣬Ҷˣ긾˿Ůӣ¸ǵ⣬˵˫ֱָץסŮĸ첲ŮܵƵģ
ĲңƺҽԺʵϰ㿴ҵ֤ҽ÷ŮļæóԼ֤˵
ʵϰ˲𰡣Ϊʲô˶ûˣһײģȻˣŷñץţ긾һŮ֤һۺ󣬸ֱ׳
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ĲңҶģ÷ۿˣƵĿΧΧ۵ˣ
˭ˣѵ㻹ͬ긾һתĺţһ仰ԭҪ˵˸סˣһ汻ͬˣ͸һùˣ
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ҪҪǸҹ߱ǣıĿһʮһг˷ŭ
ôˣͥڵĲãʮһعͷЦЦѹ˵
ôΧʲôɢ׼绰ƬƿȺ˽ͷһӴĹƵͷżĴӣͷģֻ۾ȴ쳣СǷֵĴϣ̶Ƶģ
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̶ĻʮһȴüëһȻһûųӵĻȴ÷ԼҲȥҽԺѾ˵飡
ûйϵǸʲôҪȥı˵
԰ûײˣλҲֻǰ֤ģûʲôϵ÷ҲС˵
˱ڶˣһü˵
ĻӸæӻԣұŮײĸǰף


300 л
һһͣʮһЦˣôͷܸ޳һЩ
ȷ¸йأʮһЦЦǰ˵
ûйز˵ģֻǸȥҽԺһˣȻٸһһµ飬ӣҷɸйˣʮһĻŬصɴ̶۾ʮһ˵
ǺǣҪҰžѣԼ˵ûйϵأʮһƵӣ˵ˣûѧھ֮ǰԼҲȫû⣡
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һˣôãҪΪ˲飬е𣿡Ӵĺţָָʮһ
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˵ʲôأҲǸյͿ㱻ײˣ˵Ļ󣬲ǰ˵
ʲôʱ˵λˣΪҲ֪ǵĹ𣿡ֱ۲ΡΡָӣĳţ
ϲģҪôЩҪңΪϰܻôãƾźһǴĶӿ𣿡ŵŭˣָŵϵ긾˺ǱվŲ˵ˣӴĺţ
ЩǼҲ˲ǮˣҪ͸ϽңӵĻԽ˵ԽΧҲǷ׷ҡͷ
ʮһһڽѵС˰ɣˤ˲ҷģԺٿˤԶһ㣬Ժ󳤴˿ɲô裡
СƶǶţ˫һ˿ãѧУαϲô̵İ˵Ҫϰ׵ֻǸΪʲôˣȴԩأԼ˵ĻͿαϽ̵ĵĸأ
ʮһСҡͷ̾ϢһδĻôŤ˼ֵۣ
㣡ſһӺ󣬱ˣתɵĿһʮһ
˲֪ȴ֪ĺҲ֪ԼѾҪˣ˹Ȼ֪ʮһĲ֮ͬ
лŶʮһл
ʮһЦŵͷû˵ʲôһԵıڿŵл˵л
ҡſʮһƺҪ˵ʲôǰΧ̫ˣ
ŵıʮһ̾һҡҡͷῴжֻǴȻȻ
˼ˣˣκһҪһЩΥ鶼ҪܵͷģͺʮһָתȻıһıʮԼȴǼʮ


301 һɱһ
ʮһҡͷȥ漴˫ֳڵҪվһλһֱû˵ҪȴǱһƴˣôԵȥĸȥʱô
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ιҲֻҵĳǿǱˣıæҡҡʮһ˵
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303 Ƶ
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ҰˣҲ֪ʱ˭ܱ˼ͷ˿ʮһȭͷ޺޵ؽʮһϵף
ȥ˵úûͷƵģҼǵ㱻ͷĴҶ࣡ʮһȻıԼ˰̣СƢˣ
꣡
ѭȥɵˣ
ͣвУıվűһ߳ɷԹ۵ľͷӣ
㿴㣬ңϵǼıˣʮһȷӦȫƸּ֮˵ȷҪظͶ̥״𣿡
ǵģʦˣǼ͵µظ֮󣬹ʰǾͺˣСƺ뿪ˣԹҲûôˣ
ʦңСٴ˵
ðɣҾͰ㻯ȥԹʮһ˵Ѿ۾վõС֣
ʦϣ߳ߵ֤ԩСԸȥһԹǰȥظ״תͶ̥ʮһʦ֮ԹʮһֵСĶͷǰһֻȴ黨״ǰиֹͣ߶ţ
ʮһһʮһϽ۳һŰɫĹâȥôʥ࣡
һԵǸоԼǰѧʱǳȥܶĪ񣬺߽ȥǰ׹֮Уʥİ׹ϴԼ飡
һԵı÷Ҳ˫Щ㯵ʮһеİ׹ȥƺǿõһƵģ
ʮһڼ˸ող㯵ʱѾˣרĵΪСȥԹͷֲſ˵֯һ¶ԣΪֻҪһ˵ĻԹͻʧȥЧ
ԹȴʱʹõģڵΪһֻʹһΣʮһʵڲеĻͳֹˣʵڲоֻСһˣ
Ȼ͵ʮһʱȴǷˣ


311 ʱҲҲ
أ
ıеСĨ̧ͷʮһķһԹʮһƵģ
ĨһͺıԼ÷˶ʱ˹ãȻĿԼλãɵĲȥʮһеŰ׹⣬һһ˻λϣ
ʮһؿ֮ʱĨСԴĿһۣ˵С˼ѣ
ʮһϾȥĨİΪʱԹеؼݲģ

ͻȻһڵζһζ
ʮһֲһǰתһȦ̧Ϸȥ
˵Ҳ֣ʮһĳǹɿ羹Ȼ˲ɢˣڷХĴͻȻ˶һ㣡
Ƶ֮÷ݵĴӵΨıûб粨Ϊ绹δٽǰĨͺһ
ηĨƵģֱӾƿˣıһһ㶵ģ
÷ı߿˿ȻûзĨ棬ȴΪʮһŮҲǸͨˣ
գ
ʮһûע⵽Ǳ˵Ķ͵һȣеʥ׹һʧˣ
ڰɫâʧһɲǣСõҲһ
лʦСлʦˣСһ֮дһ˿ǻֱӹ˵ϣ
һʮһûţһԺȻȥܣ
ȥɣϣһиõʮһһ̾Ƴ΢΢һ̧Сӱվ
ʦڣСۺᣬʮһһݣһףıøãֱʧ
СʧʱһӭιŴתһȦ֮󣬳ſڵķƮȥʧΣ
Сˣ֮ĵʵ
ˣʮһ
ʵСҲͦҵģܿ÷С˵
Сȷʵɺ޵ǸЩıͬʮһߣ˵
İɣû´ĻѾˣ⼸Сȥظй״֮Ҳʲô³ʮһסıļ˵
һ仰û˵ǣСȥ״ȻйٻȥҲҪȵǼ֮ſԣ˵СҪͶ̥תƻҪȺܾãϾҪȵЩȫȥ֮ſУ
СʮһκۣȻСҲкܶͬ飬ЩҲкܶʹޣСԼѹһ뿪ĻҲ䵽³
ʱҲҲ

ȥ㣡ʮһı뿪ʱ˵
ǧ춼̫ˣʮһæֹʲôЦⶼˣдҪģ
ɫѵļһôʱ䲻㲻Ұʮһ
Ҳ㣬ˣҪȥ˯ˣʮһ˰֣ǣıˣ
ҿƵⲻԶߣкܶʱ䣡ʮһıһһ˵
ӿԲҪЩ𣿡ı᲻֪ʮһ˵ʲô˼ֻεİһʮһ
ߵ̫ˣұ߰ɣʮһѾЩȲˣһһͽıɿžƵȥ
ʮһǹˣñ˿ãıҲû뵽ʮһͻȻߺ˵
ʲôⶼʲôʱﻹˣ˵ұ˭˵ʲôʮһŻнߵıиǼˣһʱ֮侹Ȼ˵ﻰ
ҽʲô˭ţıʮһĻ󣬺һ£ߵ˵սȭͷĴһʮһţ
Ȼˣʮһһߴţһ˵
һûӦغòãҿǼǵ㻹иأıһʮһ˵
Ҳ𲻴Ӧ˵ǣһ㶼ӲˣʮһԵ˵ţּ˵ֻһһãҳǰܻģǴӺһԺʮһֻһˣ
ߣͻỨҲ֪仰ǰǷкͱŮ˵Ժ󻹻᲻ͱŮ˵ıʮһ黰ǽдһĨģ
ҲκһŮԼϲ˶Լ˵ֻϲԼһ˵ʱ򶼻ἤѣıҲ⣬ıûŮĵıȥԷһǣȴѾ翪˻һ㣡

ʮһܵƵſں̧ͷһȷԼûߴ֮ͷҲ̧ı͵ŵŵ¥żȻݶԸȣ


312 ʵ
һ£Ҹղŵ㻹ûлشأ֮ʮһֱýŹţߣı㼱æֹ
Ҹ𰸣ʮһı弫Ұһӣȥıξһ˵һңһֻ˵ҾٶԵڶŮ˵

ʮһҴңαϮıһв
ⲻдаʮһٺһЦıӰ׼ȥ
ıԼԽԽӣͨͨһȻ֮ǰкʮһ׹֪ᷢʲôɵý֣һ˫ֽ߬Ŵ
ȿȣ
һεĿıŵüæһʮһתͷȥҪ˭Ҵĺ£
ƴʦǰֽҹһµģ翴ʮһŭæ͵
ô𣿡ʮһҪ˵ĿֱֱĶ磡
Ҳ֪ƴʦȣҪǼʱٹεЦЦȻ˵
ʮһعȥһııŭĿԼɵתͷ˵ֱ˵ʲô°ɣ
ģǻƴʦĸĸڶѾˣ˵ģǿʮһı󣬻Ǿ˵ˣ
ȥиʲôȥˣôҸĸҲڣǲ޵ҵˣʮһԭŭݵϣϢ󣬵ʧˣתһƬ𾪺ɻ
ƴʦˣ޵Ȼ֪ǵסȴһֱɵ£ȫǸˣƴʦĸĸѾкСӹһˣʮһģϽţֻһʱżǰ˵˳
ʮһ绹û쵽ϵıȴһüͷǴǾ仰һС㣬ǵõʮһһ𳵵ǸСѾͷٻҲ˵һ߳Լ֮⻹ֹһŮˣ
뵽˴ıڵŭһȼգǰһӻ˵ֻԼһˣһֳһ
ת˲ıǿԼ侲һֻһͨأ
ˣʮһ̾һ漴˵ֻ޵Ϊʲôȥأ
Ҳ̫ҡҡͷҲѾܾˣ漴ּ˵ǽҸ㣬㵽ʱֱȥоˣǶסڳƵ꣡
ͶȥȥΪʲôʮһ˵ͷٴʵ
ǴзˮЭȥμһѧȵģֲƴʦĸĸװһȥˣʮһʻĵĸʮһţ
һѧȣһ̽Ұʮһֹһ󣬱˵֪磬߰ʣľͬ⣬ǻҪĸһЩ
յʮһĻʧڷˣ
ٺ٣ǼɣЦһ֮ʮһתٴνħצı
㻹кöûҽأ˵һٻҾ㣡ıһ߿ʮһ˵
ĸ˵أʮһͷ˵
ʹǸС˵ɣ֮⣬ийŮȫҪ˵һ£ıһʷ˵ķƵģ˵
Ҳãʮһ˵ͷ㽫Լͷβ˵һ飬ٻԼˮ˵˳Ľϣ
˵Ƕ֣þ֮ʮһ˵ˣıüͷʵ
ǣʮһش
Ǹ㻹˹ϵıٴ׷ʵ
ǣһ̵ʮһԼֱǸ䲻ı
ı˺ܾ֮ʵԺô죿
һһ˵ȻףҸʮһһº˵
үģʮһ벻𣿡ıȴǴһùһͷ˹
Ҳǲˣֻǡ
ֻǸƨıϵĴʮһĻ˵Ժ㱧һʱ˵Щ𣿡
Ȼᣡ
Ǿˣȸȣеۣıžһ½쵽ʮһǰ
ԭˣʮһһСĽĸıȣһʵ
ˣıһ˵úõظǽһ£
һ
ʵĺһǹɱ㣬Ϊʲôôأı˵
ллʮһı˵ǴҲȡ˵׵ģ
ô죿ıȴüһʮһ˵
ʮһһʱ֮仹治֪ôشˣ


313 ·
һ𵽵ΪɶɷڹʢΪϲңıһʵ
ȻΪϲʮһͻȻͨƵģҾˣڱоаɣֻҪ㲻ôΪľͺˣ
ϻˣӾƵģı˽˵ʱǵʱȥ˵
ͣʮһ߬һȭͷ
ĵˣλԼϧûˣıЦĿʮһЦ˵
ٺ٣ֻ˯һ𣡡ʮһЦһ£ı

ʮһһ˯úܺãõʱѾˣԱ߱һȴǱ˸գ۾һȦҲûҵı
ıţʮһ۾ĺ˻ش
ֻСĨءءʮһƵģ
ʮһһӻˣֱӴӴϱ˲ûдЬӣŽŰſȥ
ˣʮһܵſڵʱ򣬷ͻȻˣıʮһվſʵ
ȥˣʮһһѱסıʵ
ȥƱ˰ô˰ıʮһͻȻľٶˣʮһʻʶĻص
һΪأʮһııˣıˣ
ˣıͻȻ˵
ôˣ̫𣿡ʮһıˣɿʵ
ǿôںҿĵģЬҪȥ𣿡ıͷʮһŵĽŰ˵
ˣֻɺ϶ѣʮһεɿıϴּȥʵҪ꣬Ҫ𣿡
ʮһװˣںںĿˣԽԽ˵飡ıĵûʮһĵϷЦ˵
˵ʲôʮһװӡ
Ĩ裬˵ǲװıһԱĨʵ
ء
ĨҲ֪˻һͬıĻ
һ֮ʮһı˻ıͻȻŻеĨ跸ˣСĨô찡ѵҪ𣿡
ãʮһӹĨ裬˵һԼ취ǱߵֲĴ֪𣿡
СĨʮһĻգգɰĴ۾ɨһʮһָĻСצץץͣ˼ƵģСԴһֱʮһĻУ
߰ɣӦûˣʮһСĨľٶ󣬶һԵı˵
Ϳˣıɻʵ
˭֪ˣҪǱˣҾͰﲻˣʮһǣıһǰһ˵
أ
ʮһĻ䣬еСĨ㷢һͺڷŭʮһҪ
һ·оյ˷ɻСʱ˷ɻУС壬ĸ￪֮ĴУ˳˫۵ĳ֮һ
Уôоôġıʮһڳ⳵ϣŴ˵
û취˶Уˣʮһ֪ıҪ˵ʲôֱӻش
˲ûֱȥڵľƵ꣬Ϊʮһһ뷨ʮһȥĵطǹ·
ںܶƽУ·ûʲôͬĵطѧȴǺܶ඼֪Ϊһ¥
ⴱ¥Ҳߣ濴ȥҲͨȴеķˮЭڵأ
˳ʮһıڸ˸Ƶסˣ
Ȼ֪ĸֵûΣգʮһҲͲȥˣͰʵ뷨ıˣ
޵вǱۺҾȴıȻɱ㣡
ʮһͰʱ·ʴзˮЭԼȡŪеķˮЭʱֵܶһڴϴʣ
ֻǲͬǣʱڱƴȡõĺд
ԼҪȡľͱȽϲҪˣǾ߹ݣ
ֱǵĴǴ֮ǻò˼Ǵȥ
ò˵ʮһ뷨ֻܲǵı˵֮ıȴǺ֧֣˵ҪҪ׽ȥǰʮһһ
רҵ֪ʶ߹ݣø׽ȥ̫ſˣߵǵһһһϼһǣҹ޶ûؿȥзˮЭһڣʮһĳĶı˵
ʲôȥӶֱŻǹڶǣıȴһνӡ
ıĻʮһûɵĳһ¡
ˣģôıʮһľ֮һЦ˳˵
Ҿ֪Ųô嶯ʮһٺһЦһƨĳȥ


314 ż
ʮһʱʱһţıѾᷴˣҲʮһοģŮˣ򸴺
ʲôʱȥ߹ݣ뻹е˷أô껹û߹أıʵƺʮһ˻Ҫ˷ܣ
ɣҪ׼һ£öҪһ£ʮһһº˵վ˵Ҹˮ㶫
ߣıʮһҪȥˮ֣ʮһߣ
֪ģʮһıߣɻʵ
֪
ôȥ
Ǯ𣿴ȥˣ㲻ǻûȥɵ˰ɣıĿʮһһۣСĨıĻҲ̽˸СԴһʮһҡҡСԴֽСԴıı
СĨ裬ڸ҇NɪŲҰɱ˳ԵʮһıĨ˵
ء
СĨһгί֮УֻˮĴ۾һգһգıСצذһıֱۣίˣ
û£ڣҶģıĨȵȵˣСظĨԴ˵
еĶϵһ仰ʮһ̾һ˵
ʲô棬ʮһ˸ıʵ
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ƶˣϽȥıһ߹ȥ˳⳵ڣ
ٴˮ֣ʮһЩпԼѰ̾ڷˮֵõģת˲ʮһһԼͷпʲôֲͬģ
ߵ̯ӦöǼٵİɣıһĴһʵ
˵û׼ôһģʮһûаѻ˵䱾ûôԵ飡
һ·ͣͣ˶˴ˮˣı⿴һǿһ£ʲôе棬ֻʮһǿֵߵĶƵģһ·Ųʵģ
ֵģı̲סʮһ˵
Ҹоʲô⸽ôҲأʮһüͷ壬ܵĵ̣
ͻȻ䵱ͣһҵ̵ʱڵھԼӿתӦʲô˷ܵĶƵģ
С꣡ʮһҵĵı˵ȥһ£
ϰ壬ʲôҪģʮһıһֻվ˵
ҪٽֽɰУʮһһµ˵
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ʮһֻǵӦһ£װĵĴ
ӼԷƺżҲûن£תźȥ
뿪һ˲䣬ʮһüͷղװѾⷿһȦˣֻֻſڵʱڵھӦŻǿһЩѵ˵ⶫڷڣſڣ
뵽˴ʮһ첽ſȥҿһۺ󣬾ͽĿſڵϷŵһżϡ
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𶯣ıʮһһֱüͷżɵúȥȴǱʮһֹˣ
żһ΢С󷨣ԾۼĲΪãʮһϸһº˵
ϰ壬ⶫѾװԺĳˣҪʲô𣿡ӴӺŽкһ
ˣżҵ𣿡ʮһתƺָһµϿǽֻż
ǰһҳȥģӿʮһһۣһ˵
ŶȻϰԼľˣΪҪǲҪģҾʹ͸С棡ʮһӦһεָָıСĨ裬СĨҲϵġءһ
Ҫⶫʲôȥ̳򼸸ͺ𣿡ıһʮһһ޵ģ
ȥ̳ԶŪһһ¾ͿˣҲ治һСʱͱҧˣʮһг˲ͷ
ˣһ㶫ˣ˸һº˵Ҫȥһ£⻹ȥǧǮأʮһһĶͷǸƵģ
ϰ壬еģһֱûͻȻ廰
һɣҵϰ̫ˣһżıһʮһĸ첲˾Ҫ뿪ҿǼ֮ǰҪĻֽҲˣ
ӣӿǻˣʲôҲøɰ͵ߵҪˣɵôźϰ壬һ£ǸżʱҲûǮ͸ɰСˣɣ


315 Ǯ
ʲô˼ΪҪżû£ȥļٿҾͲŴǧǮȥأʮһתһɷǳߵı飬תҪߣ
ϣϰ˵ˣ㿴ĻأȥңҲҪȥ׼ôණ˷ǵʱ䰡Ѿ׼ˣһʮһ˵ҪǧĶʱˣҪǽⵥӣֵϰµˣ
ҲǣǾɣʮһǳһ£ѯһԵı
ðɣһỹҪȥأıͻȻһ䣬һƵģеСĨǸ˲ٷ֣
ǾɣЩֽһҸַ͹ȥʮһһ˵һӵס˺ӵĿ⣬ؽϵżĨצ
ĨҲϵצҧһ£ڱоںżˣƵģ
õģϰЩ򡭡ӸæӦԥʵ
Ҳɣʮһƺԥһ£תı˵ˢɣ
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ǺǣеģùӺǺЦһתȥ
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ϰߣԺͰѻֽ͹ȥʮһı̵߳ʱЦĶϲ£ˣ
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ȻǣֲȱǮⶫǸģʮһЦҡҡͷָָıеСĨ裡
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ҲǰǮﶼʧģǲǿʲôʲôı˫۷ŹĿʮһ
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ȫ֮ıֺ˷һᣬ֪ǰһǮ˼˶ãαôԲ˯أ
˵עʮһˣģԺŮеҲУŮûеģ㻹Уʮһһֽڷڵϡ
ôֽҪٷ䰡ıŶѵøСɽƵĻֽѣ
һȫ꣬Ժãʡȥˣʱóʮһֻϵһһ¶ѻɽĻֽʧˣȫװ˷콣ڲ
ҿɲһ£ʮһҪʼˣıԥһ˵
˵ʲôֻ֣Ҫ˵óҾŬΪȥʮһıͻȻһ˸Уǰȥᱧסıļ˵
㻹ǵõһôʶ𣿡ıʵ
Ȼǵãʮһ˵ͷ˵ͻȻ˵Щ
ʱҺаɽ֮Ի͵ǮΪһͬ˼ǮֻǺˣһǰ˵ӱ͵¶ԺȥˣȥһǣһϲСȴûа취ļͥС͸ǸȻǮıһ˵һ߹۲ʮһı飡
ȫԣҵʱǻҪһԸʵļͥȻٸ¶ԺһǮʮһıĻͬ
̫ˣˣǾȥƽòãǸ¶Ժƽı˷ܵؽʮһѵˮһӡ£
ʵôЩǮûҪ˵ģģѾ˵ǮˣʮһĵЦ


316 ˣ
ǺãԺҾͲʾˣıЦŻӦгҸУ
ȻˣҲҪģʮһͻȻ俴ı˵
Ҫ󣿡ıŭĿӡ
ҪҪһӶҵģʮһıӣЦ˵
ɣϽ׼ȥû߳ɷˣıŭһ߿ʮһ
ǰʮһһԼľƽͣǺպɰ˵һŻƱֽϣ
ʮһ˵ҪĻսҾԶʱҲ϶սʮһķ໹з
ϾʬЩҲ洦ͿԼģһĽʬʮһҲòŷͿԽҪʬʬ˧ģϾֻѡˣ
һ˶з֮ʮһͣ±ʣü˼һ˿ɻ
Ϊʮһһ⣬ԼڻһŷĵܿͻָԼÿһŷĵһŷ仭֮ʱᲹã
һʮһɻͬʱָе˷ܣΪ֤ԼеĲ²⣬ʮһһг˷콣
ֻıʮһͻȻó˷콣ΪеأŵֱһԵǹϣ
콣ʮһȣʱɵŷ콣ӿȥ콣Ժ󣬶֮ǿԷգ
ĿţʮһûĻţֻôı۾ϸĵĸڵ;ȸı仯
ͻȻ䣬ʮһоﴦ͵Ĺĵһ£Ϳƾճ˰
ʮһϲ˵ԼĻָٶѾﵽһ˵ĵزȻ֪ʦָٶΣʮһȷƷʦָٶҲһô죡
ھмأĻָٶȴʱȼ޹صģǵĹ;йϵ
ʮһһֹ֮ͣӿ콣ڣ󳤳ĺһǿԼ֮ٴλ
ʮһֻ˷䣬ıջطǹϵ֣ʮһһ󣬲żֻ
÷֮ʮһҪδɵĴƵģȴǱıֹˣԻһսҪ
ʮһʹҪкıӦʮһ˯
峿ֵǳˮȺ֣ʮһѺ󣬵ͷÿԾſǰϰ˯ı
ı˯ģʮһһۣſŲɵ˷Ӧıûѣ͵͵ȥ
ء
һıҪƿʮһȴֻܽ˫Ĵȴ޷ѣåģ֪
Һôʵ̫ˣƺЩأҼǵڽڵһεʱȻҲСǺûô󰡣ʮһָıСϣ˵
ͱıһﾹȻһŻһţɵ־Ҫ
Ҳôܣʮһһֽı˻УıҪԼҲ;ٲˣ
ѾСʱˣ㻹û𣿡ıʮһ˵
һӶסˣıֻһˣʮһּåıͷһں˵
ǡˣʮһе֣µ黰ıһ㽫ͷʮһı̾һ
ߡ
ͻȻСĨһ˿ȥʱֻСĨˮĴ۾ǿʱȻֻǰצӵסԼ۾ͺ˵ʲôҲûƵģ
ˣСĨľٶıǱСĨ̬ȵˣ͸Ͻһʮһ
ãȥϴʮһҲ֪ʱ䲻ˣһıϴּȥϴּ䲻ɵûͷݺݵصһСĨ裡
Сʱ˳˱˶治ԶзˮЭᣬǰĵѯЭӣʮһرһ£
ˮЭںܿտʮһıǰ˼ʮ֮󣬲һ˹Ǹʲôģ˵ʲô˽լԺǲܽȥ
ϴ߹ݵģʮһСģӣ˵
߹ݣüͷһʮһıˣӳ˹ʵսأ
Ѿϴˣʮһڷһ䡣
Ҳٶʾʹʮһıȥʮһû뵽СôɵԼ˵ʲôˣ
һ·ȥʮһˮЭж찡濴ŲôȴкֶܶǰշˮڷŵģҺܶˮһ֪Ǵʦµģ


317 
ͣһĺԺʱ˵Ҫҵ˾棡һ仰Ӿתߵˣ
ʮһźˣɵи̵ʲô̬ȣлһͶ㣡
漴ʮһȴипԼȻΪܺý߹һ·֮źܶˣֻЩ˴඼ǷˮʦһЩ֣ǼˮȻһƷʦľ磬ʮһȴǴǵλٽĲ֣ǾȻʮͯ
ʵѵҪҪʮʮϵûˣڵᣬ˵ʮˣʮĴ󲿷ֶѾˣʮһЩʮˣʮü˾ȻǸŻʲôȤ
Ǿôֱӽȥ𣿡ıǰĺԺɻʵ
ȥʮһȻѡ߹ݻʲôԥģ
˽ĺԺ󣬲ɵסˣ
ĺԺѾһںȲ裬ڵǶƵģ
СѣȻʮһһ㣬δǶ˵߱㿪˵
ãʮһıʹ˸ɫߵԵ£
֪Сʦкɣ֮߸ʮһ˱˵
ɽСɣʮһ֪߻ôƵģû˿ԥĻش
Ϊ߹ݣͻȻ˫Ŀһ˿ضʮһ
ʮһ˸ֲߵĿⶢú˲ðһ亹ʮһ͸оھּٵתWӲѹش߾ˣ
ıûиоߵĿģʱ˵ĶԻɵþʮһ̫ˣ߹ݾӦְ
֪ǣʮһҲǱߴ˸⧲ھİ»عһ˲Ż˵ģȻĻһֻ亹ֱϼһŲôçײأ
ǺǣãЦվ˵һ˵ǾҿһƷʦôģ
ʮһʱϸע⿴ԭߴһɽװʱվͦΣ˿͵ˣ
ͿˣȻ֪еôҲˣȻһӰ쵽һս
ɣҿһСǷŵʵɽװ߲ʮһĽǸȵ

ͻȻܵķȫ˴˿˴ԼʮˣȫǶʮģ
Щʮһɵһ±ӣϼһԿԼ֪ÿĴ޶ʮ꣬һʮ˶ûУЩֻһЩСˣ
ʮһôʱЩڿʮһֻжʮ껹ȾŸëʱҲһ糿յ᳤ĵ绰˵Ҫ߹ݣȫϹΪһôݵĽɫû뵽ֻһǲˣ
ʮһȻЩˣȴ֪ڱȻ漸ĲſԣȻĻǲߵǴгս˵ģ
ʮһҲԥͷһı˵Ȳңҷַǣ
ʮһתŶ˵ĳ̫ûжֵ
ʮһŵĻʱȺһ֣׷ǿûʵûòˣܶҲְֻˣȴûҪվϾҲ䣬һôǰһСˣ˵ȥඪ˰
һߵɽװ߿Ҳǲɵüͷһ壬ǵ˫֮һ˿ʧ
ԱԣʱȺ߳һһɫװˣȥԼʮ߰꣬˹˹ĵģ
߹ݵˣֿ֮һ˵ѾƷʦľˣ˹˹ĵӸһ߳Ⱥӷˣ
ǣúýѵһǸŵļһ
ˣ˵ʦѻҲˣһͻᵽ
ֻɫĻõõְҿ϶Ѿ̧ˣȥܸ㶨

һʱ֮Ⱥ۷׷ףʮһЩ˵ۣϲɵó֮ɫŨˣֻû˲ŻϻƪҲ׻˵Ĺ˵ɣɹǿ˵ģ
գƷʦ˹˹ĵӶȻܵȴҲüͷȭʮһ˵
ɽװ߿ճ֮Ҳ΢һϲɫû֮ǰôѿˣ
ʵ߶ЩҲǿߣЩȻʦ壬ʵȴһëǮϵûУֻѧһ־ƶѣڶŮԶŮƵģ
ȴǲһͰзˮЭᣬʶҲܳԿ࣬߶ջкøеģ


318 ȡʤ
ʮһƷʦ˼˲䣬ʮһҲѾԼ֣
ȻҪ£һʮһͲüˣ²޵Ӧ벻һĶֵأȻĻ޷Ϊһֱֻȥǣȴǰȥ
аɣվֱֱʮһûΪʮһһκεӣ
ҿˣʮһͺһһһб˳ȥǲֱ̤չȥ
ǲЩ˵ۣʮһ֪ӦһһˣԳ־бʮһ֪һ㣬ǾЩˮʦսô⽫Լһǿ
տʮһ־һŷӳβͬ׳һŷȣ
ŷҪײ˲䣬ʮһȵ

бʮһµͬʱûһĻ磬ȻӭӳķûκʵֱӺյķ
д󾪣ԼķȻ赲û赲һ£ɵ´󾪣ԽԽĻǻ֮Ӱæ˫иȵʥ֮ƣ
վԻƻһɲǣӻͳŷԥĵָϣӭŻ׳
ʮһԺĿ׳һɲǣƺۣһ㰡
Ȼһŷڶϻ֮γ˽ƣڶŷʱ򣬻ֲ֧סˣ˲ըѿƷȴȥƲӭʮһ
ۣҾ˵ִɵģûŷƵǿƺŵĻ򣡡ԭʮһһбƵյĵһŷ֮ʱȻѻȸȺڿһĻ֮ɵߴߴ
ǣָղŵһһ̽ѣ͡
һ᲻ᱻŷ
Ⱥ۷׷׵ʱɽװȴüëšһüʮһڸղʮһӳķУ֮ܵ
ѵСӻлѵʦ˵Сܵеԭ
ߣղУͽ˻Ƿַ㣬лǿûһʵ֧ţҲվͽĶ֣ɽװиţ
ųԼŷʮһóһŷԼϣȣˮᣡ
ʮһֳڵ˲䣬ʮһϸһˮɫĹΣʮһ̧ӭŷȥ
䣡
һըһΪ۵Ļɢ̵Ⱥ֮˲ɵñ˫ۣ
˺һۿȥȴǲɵ÷׷ŴͣһƻںƵģȫ˵
˱Ϊһαը֮Ǹʮһİëһǵڵ˲𣬾ٲҲһЩ˵ģȻʵˣǸΪ˵ļһֶվڳУһİϹӶܿó
бʤߵգȴǵ˾ʮһ֮ĵϣǱˮ͸Ƶģѵһǿҵһʱ֮еԽܣ
˲֪ղŷʲô룬Ϊ˵ʮһգһֱԹ۵ɽװߣȴ֪
ڻȫ۾һ˲䣬ʮһһյǰһȭյǰΪܹԵӰˤ˵϶
ɽװߵ˫֮ɻ֮ɫŨˣôҲû뵽ʮһĽսôǿǷˮʦȻսҲֻԷԣҪ֪һǺѿˮʦǰ֮ڵģ
һΪˮʦķ˷ʤһǷˮʦ඼һЩһֶֿܾͻƿȻԷ֮ҪǺܶˮʦʱᱻʦһЩս
ԵʮһǹƮĲԼǿһȭ֮ʱɽװסһ£йȻнŻ䲻ԭ򣬵һƷʦҪһȭһƷʦֱǿЦ
ʦǰڵȼȻûôĲ࣬ǶƷƷ֮Ҳž޴Ĳģ
һ̣ƺе㶮ʦΪλ˵Сܵˣ
ˣ
մӵվؿڿŶʮһ˵
Ѿǿˣʮһ˵ͷ˵˿ܻΪʮһ仰Ǵװõģȴ֪ʮһ仰е˼
ʮһһȭɲǣղֻ֮ʹϰһжֻھеȱֻжȥʮһСֵ
ʮһ˵仰ҲΪһжƺ񣬵һЩͬʱ̵ķӦٶҲͬ


319 ټ
Ҫһս𣿡ߵһºʮһתͷǱѾѻȸʵ
ʮһĿɨһȦǰһŵˣʱʮһĿⲻɵ÷׷׵ͷҶӣԼһ
Сӣ̫ˣϾˣʱ㻹ܲôţȺһзͷװӴ˵
ҲǷˮʦʮһӵĴŴ粻ɵñʾɡ
㿴ˣҪƴˣзŭˣ˵Ҫ߳ȴǱһԵ˸סˡ
ǺǣʮһЦЦһֱû˵ɽװ˵ɻһһսûеĻͱһˣ
ʮһĻ󣬷֪ǱǵĲģڿŵգɵøߣ
ֻ߹ߣ˻һϷϾǱ޹أ˭ȥʲôϵأ
ͽ֮ھͻϵɽװһȻʮһʵǿǲΪһƷʦսʤԼͽܵƷʦʹҲͬƷʦܣ
ʦˣɽװߵĻ䣬Ȧһ
ʱʮһɵһ㶣ôôأ
Ⱥһɢˣóһͨ·
һµΣɽװ߿ԼλһǰյͽܣǴ˵
ͽһµľ˵߹ݣ֪һûУҡеЦǺǵ˵
أմգɽװ߳ʮһǱʾһ£ְеѾˣСһ㣡
ǺǣҡȵЦһƺջܲеȣתʮһʱһӾסˣϵıһ˲ɫһ㣬ͣر任ţ
ˣӶʮһ֮ðһ仰
һңʮһЦ˵
ճɾˣתͷһŵıתͷʵ
ģʮһ¶Цݡ
ڸʲôΧ۵Ⱥɻʵ
˭֪ˣ˵Ƶģҡҡͷʾͬ⣡
Ǳ㿴л飬˵һðЦ˵
Ҫ߹ݣҡȵӳʵ
Ȼʮһ˵ͷ
ӭսҡȵ˵˫ֱȭƷʦ
ǻҲǵʮһıĹѨһսĻ
ǲδʮһӻıȴžһóһǹָŻ˵
û£Ȼܣʮһı˰ʾ嶯
ȥǹʲôʱǹôĿŵЯˣΧ۵ȺȻˣ
Ȼ˷ʣɽװ߾ŭȵұ죬ٷϻһԼ˳ˮЭᣡ
ɽװŭˣһں֮ڣ˻˵ʲô
ȿȣС㻹ôֱˬıǹԺҲεĿĹѨڿûٱıǹָš
ϻһǧޣʮһǺĿһۻ˫һȭ˵ʮһƷʦ
֣ڿЦɣ򲻹ΪһƷƷҿƷľˣһʮһľŶƷɵÿĵ˵
ƷҲǸ˰ʱ߽һӣһĺӣ򰣡
С㣬þò֮㿴һԵı첽˹ȥ
ʮһ˵ֻҪ˸ҿңͻɱˣıûֹĿֻǵ˵һ仰
仰ʱֹסˣĴһ۱ߵһ£ųеĻ˵ѾϽģʮһҴʵˣ
Ļʮһͻɵһһָ
֣Сˣ˾󣬻һߺȣһŷɳеٿȻ򿪣ǰһӣһʮһϮȥ
ƷƷôСģǺҰʮһһϵоٶЦ˵ǲȻ̤ͬӭһŷ׳ȴջһģھϮ֮ǰӭȥ
䣡
ײȻֻһ죬ɻĿȥȴǷֻǵʮһķĸסˣȫǶã
̽ˣһжʤɣʮһĻҪӷ䣬˵
ãǾһбۣһףϥ£ȵ
۲ñ棬ۺܺȷϣʮһȴǲŲæĿŶĻ˵


320 ȹǵ
ΪԷΪߣ˫֮ǧһʮһб˫ָǲͣı任Ÿַ
ȻҵˣɽװһοĿŻĶͶΧӰ죬Це˵
𣿡ʮһϸŻķ˵һԵɽװȴЩɻ󣬰⣬ʮһǲֹ֪ģ
ײ࣬ģʮһҡҡͷ˵һԵɽװߴӵۣ
ʮһ֮Ҳ˵ѧŻϥֻϸĵ˻֣ᷢʮһȻϥȴвͬʮһ˫Ƚʽģȷ֮ϣ
ɽװԴʮһ˵Ĳ֮󣬱һֱʮһ뿴׷ӵʲô
Ϊʮһ̣ܶȻߵĶȴһ˫ֱðĶʮһǸǶʮһƣ
ֻעͽ͵ģʮһ̫ˣ쵽Ҳ仯оʮһÿα仯һƵģ
ʮһ˫ֹıţÿһαãΧϢᷢһı仯ʮһƵı仯֮仯Ƶģ
ǣɽװߵüͷĸˣԺԵĸܵΧҲʮһӰˣⳡѾֳʤˣ
Ҳɽװ߿ʤʱ򣬻ҲüͷͣеĶһεվŶʮһ
ôܲΣͬΪһƷʦʱʹ򲻹ʮһԼƷˣ˼ҲŶƷΪ㲻ʤôҲƽְɣǰܵôɴ࣡
һ֪ʮһǰѺţĴ󽣻ûаγأ
һƴʮһվˣЩǿվǸأҲˣҪǲȥǾҪܵˣ漴߲ɵʵ
Ǻǣһƣɽװ߱˫ߵм䣬ʮһ˵
ҿɾҪˣʮһ˳ȵͬʱһԼС̣ǹһĨĪЦݣ
ʮһ߰ȻӣһЦװ棬ǸǾһģ
뵽ʮһɵùĶȫ˫ӿȥڵ۶ںһ

ʮһһ˫Ȼֱ˫ƶɽװߵķ˳ȥ
䣡
ʮһ˫ƵƳֻоһɳǿķŬ۵ˣһ̺ƿ˶еĹ겨һ㣡
ߣ
ɽװ߸ܵʮһһ֮ǰҪǿ˺ܶ࣬ɵһڿлһĶʮһĹ겨˳ȥ
ûеľײҲûеĺȻըʮһǿȥƻԻ͵һȻһƻˣ
ǵģˣʮһĺȻһڽӴɽװߵһɲֱɢˣͺһʯͷӽ˺ˮ֮У
ʯͷӽˮ֮л˻أʮһһȴȻûһ˿춯
ನɢȥʮһͶɽװ߱˴˶ţʮһԼһȻôˣȻⲢԼǿһҪҪôɾͻ
һʮһһг콣һܵĳ嶯Ҳֻǳ嶯ѣ
ɽװ߾ȵǣһȥ׵ؾͻˣǻ˷ĵģľҪԸʮһֶƷʦǸòϻĵģһԣ
ȥɣڵ㣡߽ջطϿ˿ı鲨ʮһ˵
˵ңʮһջɻʵߵһеᵽʲôʵ˵ڵԼʮһе㲻ˣ
ǵģʦڵ㣬㵽߹ݵģɽװߵ˵ͷָһһС
ʮһߵĻһ˵ֻһˣҪҵһȥ
ʦ˵ˣԴһȥɽװޱ˵
߰ɣʮһı֣һԵĻ˵ȸǻȥȾƣ
ʮһıСһֱǰţȴ۷׷ס
ʶˣɽװ߶һԵĻ˵
һ̽գ˵֪Щǲ˵ģʹʦҲУֻ赭дһʣ
ǶϤ𣿡ɽװ߼ʵ
Ϥȴǿѣȹǵһº˵


321 
ֹһΣ򰲹˵
˵Ļɽװ߳Ĭˣ֪Щʲô
ɽװߺͻĶԻʮһ֪ΪʱѾıһľʸ¥ǰ
ǵģĸ¥ԲľӲӣˢһľ
Сѽһ̸ʮһı˴Ÿ¥֮ʱڴһϵ
֨
Ż£ǰľŴˣʮһûʲôӦԣ֪ҪɱĻԼԱҲκβǾԵǿߣ
һ˽ɣǵϵٴδʮһԥһ£ʾı
ȻıЩԸģû취Ҳ֪˿ӺҪʮһȥ˾ʲôҲֻϺȣ
ʮһ߽Ϳλһλߣһλ뷢԰׵ƤȴӤ⻪ߣ
ⱾǼ䲻з龰ʮһӦóϣһʮһһ׷ͯգ
ʮһߵʱľȴֹˣʮһûȥ룬ھʵǰ̹̹
ϵһӣСһ룬һָԱߵһŲϯ˵
ʮһϵһݣߵϯǰ£
ҹ󣬷ֽջй٣ʦһСȥӭӣ֪Сѿɻ⣿һӿʮһˣЦе˵
Ǻ⣡ʮһһ£߿һº˵
ŶС˵һǺܾһ㣬ֻʮһߵıȴǲɵһ죬һ㶼װʲôȣ
һεıԣʮֻ꣬Ϊҿȫʮµģ˵ʵȻƷʦһʮһԥһº󣬾ɻʳ
ǺǣСˣҵһŴ֮ãһѾû䣬ʺһĶһˣҺʦ֮⣬Ҳǿˣһ˵дһ˿įԵСҲкܶҶˣ
ϵ˼˵ʺõĺʵǿһĶˣʮһЩŵĿһӣ˿ԴһˣȻ֪ɵʵҲ֪һӵʵһֱ
ȷʵһ̾˿˵֪ʲôΪҵȻˣ໹һʱ䣬Ǹô޼ɵԭ򣡡
ʹڱסЩӲԺ󡭡ʮһ˵ﲻɵһ٣ǸĿһһӣ˵Բ𣡡
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ǰëİ֣һ˰ɣ֮г˲мֻⲻммһ˿־壬һ˵һ߶ıеСĨ衣
ֻС׹ץ϶ֻ˳ųӵ۹⿴ȥָŴʱſıǰСĨ衣
ǳӴһȺ˽öԶȫ㵽һԣʮһһ֮⻹ôڳԣֻȴǺ߱ȽԶΪӵλڴŵϽǣʮһǾʮԶأ
ǼԼϵ˫ֻҵĵԶ֣߹һֱʮһ˵ϣǰһ˵ϣ뾴ĴһܵĽӴ
ǵģüͷʶԵ˵ʮһ
֮ǰǣûʱˣʮһһ۴ʱǿѹŭĸУЦ˵
ڣϴ˵أû𣿡ӼԼϴ껰Ȼû˴ɵô
ôץһơƿӳԱ߹ĳӾһӣѪˮš˷ŵˮͷƵģ˳Ӹʹľһ˹ȥ
ҲڣֵһϣеӲһԼȴ͵͵һ£Ż֣
ֻǽһȴΪһж޷ǵһĻֻЩһȥȴվĵ½Ƕûȫ˼õˣʶ۾ƺǰһĻʵ޷һֿȭ˿գ۾ʮСܡ
ˣһƴһС֮󣬶ǱѾ֪İ˵
еʻŵѽһӵеĹȾܣҲܵϺŵЩСˣ
һҴҵ򺣬̫ɶˣпҲûᣬ֮߷ߵʱ˵
ɪˣ°ɣʰһ۸УͻȻ䶢ʮһʵôɶƷˣ
˵ʮһʺ͸жɻ̾˿˵߱˵ɣһö˻˱鷳
һ·һ·ʮһ鵤֮飬֪ƫԭҪߵ·һС·ϡ
ʮһѳл֮鶼˵һʱ˶ݵĳĬͻȻʳһ̾˵Ҳŷ㲢ûбҺù٣ƽˣ
һлǰչҸĸˣʮһͻȻ֣ص˵
ѵл˼չСĶ飿ıȴһĵ˵˫֮иǴһ˿Ц⡣
ǺǣӣʮһεĿı
˼Ҹˣ㻨ĵʱô˵أȴǺֱӽҴʮһ˰̡
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һߵĸпʮһͰʴһ𣬷ǵûżǴ̣վһھƵģһ˫ȴĴš
ıҪȥʱȴյʮһʾ⣬Ȼ⣬ҲֹֻͣĶ
ҪֻжƷʵǽɾΣˣҺûңʶʮһһ֮˵
ҿһΣʮһһĳʾһ񣬶֮£ȺˣͻȻ֮г˼ŷ߾һ˦
һٶıеΣղ˲ǻȻôͻȻ仭أ
໣
Űʵķ˦ͻȻһҵĹͺѧʱƤͬѧָ׸ǹκڰƵģͷƤ飡
ߣһȺ󱲣ȻСүңŶĴүүԼүүүүʿ˲䱻ըֻȵ
ֻǰʵ仰ȴһԵıһ߲ѣָʮһ˵Ⱥ֣åɫǣ
ʮһı²ҲֻĬĬĽˣתͷԸһſıеСĨ˵ıȻҿ϶㣡


328 
һ仰ʮһ˿ĨĿ飬عͷŵĶǰͻȻֵĹ֣ܸоǹ죬˭ûע⣬һĹҲǸʵסǷ֣
ʮһӣıҪѯȴסˣȻ㲻ô£ǳ괦Ǳɱ״̬µȴǿԿóʱʮһͰжôĽţ
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үֳͷڹƵģֹʲô˼ôηηģҪҾ±Ͷ̥ϣȳӦȴֱƿڴ
ֻѿ֮Ǿ㿪һʮһͰʾ͸оΧһ󲨶һɫĹâڿƾճֱ֣ӱŸڵλֱȥƴһнеĸо
ֻǸô׾ͽģһ̽ԵĺڹⶼʮһͰʳֻ֣ǰһᣬдһ
һƻֺǧһ㣬϶ʱɢһΪĹڹײһɲǣڹʱɢһ²ʮһദһİʶǵһμ
ɱʵʣ㵽ɱ˶˰ʮһϵĹâɵ÷п
ȻԽɱͨط˭дʡ
ӮҾ͸㣡еץϣŵĿǰ޴
ҾͰȫɱһХΧһƬѹƬղһһǹⶼûУ
ʮһֶ˿ı仯ֻĮĶǰգ
ߣССү㣡һ˫ǰ棬˫ֲͣı任ƣŰƵı仯һӫǰ˫ֱôȣƣ
ʻ£˫֮ϵӫȻŰʵ˫ǰƶٵǰĺڰд˹ȥ˲Ϣ֮һڰбһŨвŻγɵĴԿ澹Ȼ¹
ȻûʲôãΪһӣǸ¹ĴͱӿĺٴθΧˣ
ˣʮһ㻹Ͷ𣿡֮һ˳еľȻʮһ֡
ʮһһ㶣ԷսԼ֣ô˵ԷпǳԼģԼԹôֻһˣ
޵еĹ޵ԼôСүһɱ𣿡ʮһȵͬʱһз콣ٿȻ֣
ԴֻʱûʱǶѣȻΪǿԻڣٴδдŶʮһŨŨĲмͶ޵мߵĳ֮⣡
ǽȫɣʮһЦһз콣˸ĹâⰵյڸĴۣ
һƹ֣ʮһʹ˷콣ĵһȡһƵ⹷ƨĶȻͼⶫסԼˣֱ췽ҹ̷
һҫ۵ĽƥʣֱżϷٶȥһ·Ǵһ㣬д˵ϣ
ʮһһҲȻûйҵԸֱӾһϷĺڰУȻûȻˡ
ʵһһȻȥƺƴʮ⡣
׷ʮնʮһһ£ڶͬʱֻһɷ˳ȥ
䣡һʮһι򵽺ڰ֮ʱ˳֮һ㡣
ʮһ׵ˣ𵭵ģⲻѧʲôƨȻôʵԼǿоȻûжסǵĴκ˺
һ˲ʮһ֪ԼʲôˣѵԼҪһֱǾԲģʮһʵĺУˣⶫ̬ĺܣôǻûŪأȾȫȥ˵
ʵĺʮһȻعԼôˣ۾ͺ
ʮһı޲Լ
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ֻСĨ۾תһȦ󣬱ٴα˫ۡ
ٷϻֵ㣿ʴһ굶һ˸źذƯڰʵĶͷǰ


329 л
Ҳ˽굶һƯԼǰֻǲͬƯǰǶǰ
һߵʮһȴз콣ϻһ£һѪ˳Žл£̧д󽣣ңңָǰĺڰʺ͸ó֮ƣ
ɱ֮дһ˫ֺʮһȦȦɫϢ̻۶ȥͻȻ̷һ궯Ÿһǰȥ
ʼڸд߶ͬʱһ⾫Ѫǡ굶ϣʱ䷢һƬѪɫ
굶꣬⣡ʶǰ굶͵һָ굶ȻâŸе̳ȥ
ʮһȴǱȶһΪǵĶǹ죬ƺǸͲǵĹÿһȡһЧʮһܿɡ
ɵڰʶ˹ʱھйصϢֻһʱ֮ûκͷֻڶ֮󷢶
ȣƣʮһ͵˫һָڷ콣ϣһָڷ콣ϣֻ콣⻪ʢ̺굶ȥٶ֮է࣬Ȼʮһˣգ֮׷ǰ굶
֮дһ̶Цʮһ˾Ϳ˵ǿһȻһ֮ǰһûе˿
ôܣȣôô֮дŨŨĲš
Ӧǲþˣҵɱôģ۾˼˵
˼ҵľ͸ô𣿡ʵһ۸Уŭ˵
ǻܿԼ𣿡ʮһȴͻȻ˵
ܡһºɫ˵
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ٹҹУһֻ𣿡ͷʾ⡣
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ôܳȥıĵʵ
ȥҡҡͷ˵
޽𣿡ı׷ʵ
޽⣬ֻǵʵ˵ǳ岻ƵģȻгȺӵĹץǴϹǿٹҹд󣡡ʮһĵĸıš
Ǻпһأı˵
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һȥֻΪȥ˼ѣҪ΢˼һ£һҲãʮһʸұıɵ˫üһȥ
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΢࣬Ҫ˷ʱˣɱɣǵٴδ
Է仰ʮһͻȻһʣԷΪʲôǽͶɱأ˵Լ˸Ʋ󷨣ԷֱӿɱԼˡ
˸·ٲͶҾɱǣͻȻǵ˵һ䶫孻
ʮһ˲һ㶣˵ԭǸӣڣ˵ôɱأ㵱أôɱޣ
ҵһŵľ豻Եл첻ˣ˸Ǵ󰮣ҪǴȥ˵ҵһŵż̳лһȺȿסˣɱлɣʮһϿԽԽĺ֪ôʱʵͻȻһһӵ
ʮһ˿˲κηӦֻ֪Լü
ҲԥһĳϣһһСӳϡ
ʲôɻʵ
ӸҵĸоغΣգüͷʮһел˵
ʮһûʱȥͣ£л飬ʮȫ
ʮһĻ£ͻȻһƬǺȥϷĶ孹ӷĻҪֲ˿ʮһıɵɵˣΪʱһȺצĹ趯ţȥֲ


330 ڰ
ʲôôٻģ孹ȵдʮһǵһοԾ쳣
ܾ𣿻иȵأʮһһһףл측ڿɢһȦһȦĺɫƣʮһ˫ִһ׷ķлС
ڰ꣬ʮһͻȻƮʼ˾һ㶣ʮһǰԶվţȴȥƮһ㡣
ףʮһĻ£һ·Զŵдһ˿ɻ󣬶˾ͿһĨɫлг֣˵ľлûһ˵Ӱһӣڲй¼ŵ˵Ĺ¶뽾
˭孹ɵ֮дӰиܵΣգ
孹ʲôʱҲǿˣʮǰһսǻû԰ڰƳһǰУвһ˿飡
һСӽл촫ģڰ꿴һվڵϵʮһʵ
ǵģѰһǰΪʦʮһĻشмûжôĹҲûжôĿ־壡
һ츳Ըҵſз󣬶ϸܵһ˿ϤϢڰ궢ʮһ˰κЦ˵ʮһԺִڰõĴУ
ʮһ˵ڰ֮˵ͷǳ˵ڰ⡣
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룡ڰһһһɫľϮ֮Уڼ˵ĿɿڴУһƺߴžʹӿеһԼһҵӰֻǴʱӰЩģ֮⣬ʲô壬Ȼ˺Ϣȡ
龰ʮһһЩϾгģֻǰʾˣԼѾȫ˰һ㷴ӦûУ˼ǴӬƵһӾ͸㶨ˣν
ȻűһǼһãֻΪʵĿԣܷӳʵˣһƾȻûɱ孹ʵе㶪ˣڰƺûֱӴԷǲʮһΪ̫ˣ
ȥȥ֮ҪȥʾԼһһܵһԵĸ˵
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ˣϽȥɣڰһ֣Ӱοն˺֮У˱㿴ʮһʮֻҲһֽк󣬷׷ſдȥ
˾Ϳԭܲ͸ĺ˲Ϣ֮ͿʼһƣԵڰΪ׵ʮֻڷδţ˵ĸоƵġ
ʵҲȷʵԵģԵĻΪ󲹣Ҫ֪ܵʮһΪӰ죬ڰͲôɵһ־ʹ˶孹ҳģôһ־Ƶٹҹд
ղǿɵһ֣ʮĴΪγɵġ
Լһ̵Ĺ򣬵ڰˣصʮһǰһӣǵģĶ孹ͱץסУһžͽ̽˶Уļ˱һôһ˵ɻƵļһôˣôܲм˸е־壡
ôѳԣڰл֮ǰôһ仰
ôǿĴڣôгǰɣٴλع磬סʮһʵ
Ը⣡ʮһ˰һۣǳ˵˵
Ҫ㵥֪ƷʦƷʦԵ³˵ͬʱͿʼߣ첲ӵģ
ðʮһ£лٴθ֡
ǷźڹСӣԥˡ
⸱ӣı͸кǲĴЦ
Уˣȥ˯ʲıŸеԴһ˵
˾ֿˣʴŸлؾƵȥˣʮһıҲõȥˣ
峿أʮһı۾ʮһһʱֱӰһ׼˯ȥ
ʮһŲ˯ҾͰ¥ȥıŭţҪѾٴθܹԼʮһ
Ÿո㰡ôǸʲô֮ʮһֻôӴϼѵԺʵ
ʲô𣿡ıЩʵ
ʲôӣũʮǹŹش󿪵Ӱʮһһº˵


331 ɾ
ǼӣıʮһѾˡ
Լ簡ǲ̫һ㰡ʮһЩƵ˵׼ͷ˯
ǻмСʱ˰ܹҪױİɣıʮһٴק˵
Ҫױʮһ۾ʵԼʶıôʱˣǴûıױģ
Ȼʲôɾȵģȥ㸸ĸô£ȻҪױˣıʮһԾӱʾܲ⡣
ữױ𣿡ʮһԥ˰֮ʵ
ʲôȥŮвữױģıʮһһۣ˵߸ױƷȥ㿴һױ֮ж㻹᲻ٻˣıһﲱʮһ˵
ӣʮһһ˴ܵϴ䣬֮׼ʱ
Щ̫ҵˣⶼˣţıʮһ˰Сʱ֮󣬿ĵ̺ǲ˵
ıĻʮһǲɵĳ鴤һ£붼е̻ῪŰֻ⻰ʮһҲ͸˵˵ѣҪ˵ǾԲܵģ
ǹ򲻸ˣԼߵңһһױƷȻˣʮһһǸȫӢĵӺе죬֪ĸϿòƻǸأ
ԱŸտţıʹʮһĳ˽ȥڵԱûзӦʱҪһѵĻױƷı˿뿪ˣýֵĵԱ˺ð֮󣬸пʳ԰
һ·ɫҴҵĻصõ꣬ıͶʮһˣױǰӲʱ䣬ʮһǸоģɵ˴
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ǰǿĴڣжǿ֪ʮһ֪һǲһΪ͵ĴڣȻһҲ˵֮ʱһˣ
оһл֮ʮһоԺ֮еɾϾ⹦̫ſˡ
ǶôǿĴڰֻڴ˵веģԳģжһۻųɵá
ɾȴҪɣǺεȲĿ˵֮ǰʮһΪɾֻģôڿڰǿ֮ʮһôһ˿ڴţ
֮ͻ֮·Ȼ꣡ƪھһʮһ֣ʮһĥ˺þãҪмǾ仰ͻ֮·ѵ˵ǿһ̶ϾͿԳɣ
˺ܾ֮ʮһҲûȻһʮһоԼͺõһ֧ɵйıأȻȴôҲȥ
֮£ʮһֻ˳Ժʵ֮о
۾һ˲䣬ʮһˣǰļϢʲô߻һ̣ʮһһе֮ʶԱдʱ𺳡
˵ûױǰı֮дһ˿ӢĻôڵı֮дһ˿ģǵģôΪìܵĴһȴȫһ˵ϣʮһִϵŮ·Ҳıˣ
ûУıʮһĳճյӣɵĽЦ
ûһӶῴʮһһѱסı֫˵
ƶˣѾʮˣǻȥˣıûȥƿʮһԼ˫֣˵
ô𣿡ʮһ뿪ı֫ʵ
ΪأҲҴ㣡ıĵİʮһһۣί˵
ٺ٣ʱˣʮһıӲٴγմæץסı˫־ߡ
һ£һû·أ˵Ҵ׺ÿıסʮһָһ߹ŵʮ·˵
׶ÿʵÿʮһЦ˵
ҲԸñ˿ıһᣬЦĿʮһ
ȻУʮһͷҡúܲ˹Ƶġ
ǲˣǸСϲʲô·ıͻȻʵ
ʮһһʱ֮Щ֪ôشˡ
ǸģϽ˵ıһʮһ˵
Ƚϲ׳ȹʮһ˵
ŶҾʹȹɣıŶһ𣬱㵱ʮһ滻·ʮһһٻ𣬺üζҪΪǣǱıһֹˡ
ı֮󣬶˳˱ݣıʮһ˵ǵϢ


332 Ů
ղǸҪǻûа㷴ӦҾͳˣʮһ˵ϸһϮɫȹļˣʩ˫üڱʯӣСɵǣӣҰ㽿ε촽һϮѩɫĳȹһ뷲Ůһ㣬ȻŮʮһҲı
ıһװֱӵĽǳ⳵˾üβ׷βʹƣҿ·;Զʮ֮˳˾ʦһӣʮһȥһ١
ʮһһ·ѹŻУ˽˾Ƶ꣬ʹ³Ƶſô̶̵ļ·ľ룬кüͬΪעײϡ
Ժٻױˣһʮһһ߷޷޲ƽ˵
ôˣ㲻ϲ
ҵȻϲֻܲ˱˿㡣ʮһһı֫Ƶ˵
ܱأֻҪһ˰ıǺСƵ˵
ߣ˭ҿʮһǳҪıһڣȨƵģߵĿһܡ
ʮһΪıѾˣ˻ҲͲһûˣҲͷһɪһ£
ʱ򣬷Ѿˣǰʺ͸Уʮһĸĸ
Ұ裬С㣬һаʺ͸УʮһıͻȻеæסԷСֽܵ
ʮһּܵıŮѣ
尢̺ããСãıȴк˵
ʮһĸ׺÷ԼӵĻϽк
ٴ֮ʮһһε飬ǾǴʱұı߾ȻȻҲǾĴģ޳̶Ⱦ˿ıֻǸıȴôһ˿ģһ˿ׯء
С磬ôȾɰͷˣ÷ɻʵ
˧ʮһŹ˵Ϊ֪ĸ׷ģҲ븸ĸ˵ʵ
ȻʮһĻƸĸҲûټʡ
֮ʮһİʺ͸ڳüŪۣɵİһ۶ˣ֪һ϶ûۣȻֻʳ˵Ƹ磬ɵúúõľСһһȫСչ尢ˣ
С㲻ܺȾƵģҲܺȶ࣡ʮһæ˵
ҿԺһģʮһΪԼĻǸеҵʱȴתͷ˵š
һ仰ʮһ˵ˣԹʮһæתͷı
ʱƸĸҲЩ΢漴һ֪ˣһʱῴϲǵĶӣȻ˼ƾʲôôãֺѾѰչ˵ķ룬ֻǶһֱװ֪Ϊǲ֪ʮһôģ
˿̿ԼΪѵӣϾһֻõ뷨ôõĹ˵ҪͲҪˣܸҪܵͷģȻıҲܺãǶϵﻹôһƫϾչһʱ䡣
ʮһܺȾƣҴΣıԼϲ󣬸ԼһƺЦŶ˵
һĻʮһһıϰԼͺð
ȥҷһȤΨ²ҵ˵
ʲô飿ҲǸѧˣ˵
λŮ־Ȼһ֣Ƹ𣿡һ¾ƺɫ˵
ʵĻʮһҲһ㶣ĵɣǽž;쵽Ҫ£
ΪоԼ߷ֱʵԵɱ
ʮһֻ֮ıǱ߿һ¶̧ͷٺٵЦš
ıСǰɣҺȾϲһֱȣأʮһľٶһı˵
ɣҲǣֻ尢̻Ҫһ˵Ļ²ðɣı΢ЦŻӦ
û£Ҳϲһֱȣ֮ʮһһ㶣Լͬ¶һ˿µɫ
裬ͱˣʮһﰡԼѾӵ衣
ʲôң𣿡÷۾һɷʵ
ǺȰɣҳԲˣʮһһΣ˰ɣҳԲ˰ɣ
ĸ˾Ϳ˲ŵ°͵һĻŮһһĺš
ǺȾƵƣĸ˿˶ֱ̫࣬˼ˡ
ʼʱŮ˻ͿĺţֻʮӲ÷ˣžһٺ
Ҳ֪˵һʲôˣֻʣıںš
ıܺʮһ֪ܺôǲ֪
ջȺˣ͹һ仰²ʡˣҲģ


333 ҵ
˭Ҳ֪䲻ʲô˼ָĺȾûȹıָڸı߽У
ʮһĸĲ¿˸˯ȴʮһ͵͵ʾһı֮󣬺Ͱ˽һ¿ķڣúõϢһ£
ȵʮһı߳ƵʱɫȻѾе谵ˣһٷԵҲǹõģ
˾Ƶ֮ʮһ򳵻ȥģֻı˵ҪһᣬʮһҲֻôӦ
Ϧ£յͣĽֵϣ֪˱Ѿߵ֮ǰסõſڡ
׼𣿡ıͻȻʮһͻȻ俪ʵɫƺһЩţʮһϸϸȥ֮ʱȴǺ΢΢Ц⡣
һ̣ʮһȴ֪ıǽŵģϲģ΢΢һ˿ǵġ
ıɴݵĽ׸һ䣬ʮһ׼
⣬γıԼģ
ʮһ׼
׼ȫȫӵһŮˣȫȫķЩʹЩ̹
ʱյĲıüۻ£һһ£ʮһƺǱۣȻָڿıգüۺµ°͡
ʮһüһָȻ߬ģأָһһģһһ¿̹ǵĺۼ
ǰʲôԥԼԥʧȥˮ
ڴֿɼİߣʮһԿ϶һһŮˣıǣĳʹϲʧ䱯ʹ߳»
ԣǰģޱȵģ̹ǵģģȶˮɣ
ʲôԥģʲôֵÿǵģ
һ̣ʮһ֪ҪıһӶҪʮһѾ׼ȫȫӵȻģ
ʮһʧ֮ʣȻĵķ磬ıһƷ˿ƮʮһĶߡ
ιٷʲôȻһ㻹ڷһְŭȻ
ʮһı΢΢Щŭ̬һѵÿıŮ̬ǣ
Ŷʲô׼𣿡ʮһϷˣı˼ɫһ۱ԼѾѪ۵ƣһ˿ڲأװЩãȻʵ
㣬úúãʮһˣǽҰԼ㣡׼𣿡ıһƺŭٺߣΪʮһûһʵ
Ҫ㣡ϻʲô׼ˣͽˣʮһһ仰ڹ˼ЩɫҴҵˣڹ˼ЩڵĿڹ˼ЩڵġĥѣһѴᱧıһ˱ݡ
ıĳŪιȥ֮ǰĶģһ仰СɵϣңһֻҪҪֻҪУҶ㣬㡭
ȵ˳ŵʱıȼǴŻεģһҡߵ˷ˮЭĴſڡ
㺦ģ·ôʹ࣡ıüͷƺ⼸·ѾķѵȫƵģ
ٺ٣ҪΪҪȥμӱԣһһֱȥֱʮһסıļŴӴ߳һȺˡ
ֺðڿһ㲢սˣһӺ泯ʮһк
ֺðʮһкһӰһ£ʦ壡
ȻǾ߰ɣһӶʮһ˵ͷ˵
Ҳ֪ʻʮһıһһ
һ·޻һ˹ʴƵ꣬³֮ŷԱֱϵʮ߲㣬ʮ߲֮ʮһһһƻҵķ䡣
һӴ˸ոս̾һЩӭѿף
һ֮һӴʮһͻԲԣȻıûиȻʮһıģıȴҡҡͷܾˣʮһרı֪ԱߵĻʮһ϶ĵġ
ıľٶһӺ֮ͬ󻹸Եʮһ˵ŮǸԽѡҲǸܴŮ
Ҳ˭ŮѣʮһԺ˵
Լʮӵʱ䣬ԲѾˣʮһ˵ʱҲڴϾ˶ںܾǰͶѡֻʮһëģ
ϣĻǸëأʲһ¶ǰ˵
λĵ˰ڿʮһĻ̲ס
ڰҲЩصķˮЭصעĶ󣬱ϾǰĺпûˣͻȻð˶ǸЭҪصעĶ
ʵʮһڴһȦ֮ҪһһˣһһͷɫͷŮˣһŮˣʮһʱǸŮҲ˾ʮ׵ľһۡ
ϹС㣬ֻжƷİ׷ӲֵעģʾҪעһǸƺɫͷļӾˣϹѩԱߵһȥʮЦ˵ЦôôŰķ֮⣡
ҾεıԺܲ򵥣ҪÿһĶᾫʺܶ࣬Ѿ˵ʵǾƺɫͷı̬ˣϹѩЦ˵
֣ѹˣҪֱӳ־û˼ˣЦ˵֮еǺɡ
⵹Ҳֻʮһµӡʵ̫ˣһƷʱֻܶѪʬҿʬʬ˧࿹⣬ЩˮʦֻҪʮһֶǷַӵ£


334 ټü
ҪģǸ𣿡һӰһۻһԵʮһ
ע⵽ˣҸоܲҸоʵѾƷˣʮһü˵
ţȷʵѾƷľˣȻͻûãҲ˵ǰȺˣһӵ˵ͷʮһȷ⡣
ƷѣһǸͻƲõģֻҪóĴ󽣣Ƿַɱ𣿡һں˵
֪ʲôľַش֮ʮһǵһδϣҪηâ̫¶ĻⲻɻҵϣȻʮһͶɣȴҪʱ̷ű˵͵Ϯһӵһۻ͵
ǹͷʵҾøʱҪģȴǲһ룬˵Լ뷨
治ǹͷ񰡣ʵ̫ˣ˫ȻأһҪȥĻԼΪȽˤﰡ
ʮһ뼰˴˵ֱӱȫ˰ɣ
ǵֱǣֻǵ˻еǿεЦЦԼʲôʵǺģȻƾնȿƷһսᵥΪԷûз뷨ǲеģ
İɣҲòǾ˽ǼһأʮһЦЦص˵˵ˣǰʣʮһа취Ǹһ
Ͼе굶ɲǳصģʮһȺлоһΣգֻƾβҶûκջ
ǺǣȻʡеĴѾˣǻǰϹΣ۷׷׵ʱǰϯ̨վһ뷢԰׵ߣЦ˵Ȼ󣬵ȴ򳡰Сĳ˶ü
λˣͷͲһ𣿡˵֮һˬʵЦſڴѭȥȴкܶͷһ𣬶ʮһٿʱҲһ
˵ǰһλͬ뷢԰׵ߣֻλ߸ϯ̨ϵһЩɷǵĸоһŰǵСŮǾµմһСֻżǱҪһȦİǺ濴һ¡
ʱǺƴƵŮһĴţһͷ׷ʮһʱһ㶣һϲ˵ĳʮһ˰֣
ⲻ֪СŮһƽĺѴкƣȴڳڶ˵Ŀ⣬д඼ˣϾôһȵСǺֱܶжû취ӵģʮһһЩĪĳޡ
üϵôûμֱϯ̨ϱͷ߶ŸһžͳɹעĶ˵
ϷüһӶϯ̨ϵͷ˵ͷǲˬκִ򲻹üֻѡ
һӣǱΣڲ²üСŮʱ򣬰üȴǷʵ
ȻԣһȻҲ˰ü˿ʮһʶŻѡߣվ˵
ιôòôŶƷ̫ˣСŮһʮһļ˵
ʫʫ֣üЦǺǵǰԼСŮ˵һ˵һӵѽɺã
лˣʦܺãһòԵĻһ䡣
ʮһǺѵİüһӣҪкȴκʫʫƺǲĿĲƵģԼǽ׷ᣬһֱС׷ԼΪΪʲôôͣʮһҲ֪Ϊʲô
ͻȻ֮ʮһоһɱϮʮһתͷȥıŭɵεЦЦ˫һ̯˼Ǹûϵ
ʫʫȴǿ״ƵģʮһͷҲŻͷȥıߣȻֺǺǵĴк
λŮƯôͿأʫʫһ׷׵ӣ˿ûпʮһΣǵһԵĻŬЦµͨ죡
СѣһգüºЦĿʮһ˵
ãСʮһϵøԣʮһشĲüһٸͷ
üʲôʮһʦֵĹŵӣ㲻ʦ˼Һƴ𣿡һӸо˼ǿҵΣУһüֽԼʵ˵
һҪкƴǸǵһҲͲĽ³ˣüһһӣ󲻼˵Ұüɲͽ£οҲСΪͽΪҪѣ


335 ƷϹѩ
ü㲻ҪһüĻ̲סе㼤ºܶ˶
㼤ʲôֻҵܸСѣѵһǸȥѵǵžһСѴﵽƷ𣿡üĺӶˣĺǳһӡ
ϣֱʵ̫Ȥˣ껻ʽΣڼ˻̸۵ʱ֮ǰоǸƷӳ
Ŷ˵˵ʲôÿҲȷʵǹĵˣһȤ˵
ôͱ˫ˣƨͷţ˭֪ǽˣһλһӺ˵
ǺǣҾֱ˵ˣɱɷֿȣÿһɶϣмûЪϢʱ䣬Ҳ˵ϵĻԵȻлкܶǿǲںЩģһ˵
ôѧϣ֮ǰƢֱ
ȷʵе㲻ѧÿսʤ˾ͿԽһټȣÿһ˺ˣüȴǽӻ˵
üĻ£һȷʵ񻹲ӣҲͷ׷׳ʾͬ
ϺεĴһ۶̾Ϣһ˵ͷ˵ǾɣɱȽбԣ
ǲе̫ˣʮһһԵһѯʵ
ǰĶǶϷҪͨȿһȳӢ쿪ʼͷϷһƺһҲ⡣
ðɣһᵽߵʱϣʮһһ˵Ļֱ漴ĵʵ
һῴٶɣһһº˵
˽̸䣬ѾһɵĵߵһԵĿյϣվȴĶ֣Ʒӡ
˭һս˫ָڱ˵
ߣһսƷʦһȥǴֿ˳
ֻĻ˵ֳ꣬Ц˳˵۾Ʒʦ
ܾµһ˲䣬˾ͿһӰ˳ȥžһˤڵ²ʡ
ӿʼֻգ۵ĹһӶɱ
һʱ֮ټ򳡵ѻȸţ
󲿷ΪһŵˣһȴΪܾķʽΪܾûзģҲûѡֱ˫һŷ䣬ٵƶһķɡ
Ƚʽܲп
һȻҲһЩνˣʱֻǵƳһսֵʫʫΪʱоʮһɫȾĻôŪأһҲʮһȥҲȾɫͷأ
ʫʫʮһǿ϶һֶȥˣȥأ
Ĵ򶷷ЩģΪܾսִÿһʤһʱȴǵ˺þö˳սʮһһֱ֯ŰʣһӺͰü˵ֻѣûбҪôľͱ¶ȫʵ
ֵһᣬȷû˳սֻܾ֮ʤˣܾʤ֮ҲǶԱɵķˮʦʾ˼ȵĲмͱӣ
Щ̫ˣҪǱɵһȥôţһߵϹѩҲ˵ŵһԵ߼æȰҪ嶯
̫ˣӦұСûвȻʫʫҲָ˳ܾ޷޲ƽ˵
ֻǻ˵һ룬ͱüĴˣȻƷȥƷ
ڰüĽҴʫʫȴһҲֻŽƵ˵Ҳүүῴ۸
ʫʫĻʮһȴһԭǴ˵еƴүү
ܾȥ֮ߵϹѩȴߵ˳УһͷɫɢţϹѩƷʦ
ʮһףԭɽϳİ
ϹѩƺΪܾսƵģҲͬķʽһķһϳĶƷʦ߰СȻĿųŵܾ
սҲȻûгκ⣬Ϲѩɾһƽ˽ϳĶ֣һֻʤĹһĻصԼλϽų˵ĳݣ
УʲôʫʫǲӣмĿһϹѩ˵
սںܶΪͻ߿ֵ˵;ʺܶˣ˴֮䶼ò֣
ʹϳʱҲˣе뷨ǷѾʾˣǾʾ׺ˣҲͺЩ⵹Ǵ˲˶֮ǰ⡣


336 һ֮
֮佻ϳһ֮ٴֵɵʱʮһȴεֻϳȥĲϳʵڲϳûᱻһӺʫʫˣ
ʫʫһֱͣں˵ʫʫѾͷҲԼ˵û꣬ƺͲҪʮһشƵģֻҪһ˾Ϳһ㡣
һȴһֱڴߴϳ˵ʲôڲϳû֮ģõģһأʮһԸš
ߵУʮһܸоһ˿εҡҡͷ
ֻʮһҡͷжʱǸӣΪΪ²Ըأ
ʮһδվȾһӴˣҶ˿Է֮ûҪõĽ࣬ƺʮһʲôƵģƴҪųԣ
ëҵģ
Уҵģ
˾ȻΪ˭ȸԼʮһһ˿ŭӿ
ǲôľͱע⵽ʮһһһȫſ£ССĶƷʦҲҪа壬ˣ
ȴһܰɣӮ˵ڸҴ򣡡ʮһɴ౧˫վһԣЦĿһ
鵹ҲӦҲѲ˶һͬ˵
ϷԵһĻͷˣԭҪμսʮһʱȴվһԺĵĿǰȻˡ
ھͿʮһ˯ŵʱ򣬶λǾʤʤĴһӸµ̬Ŷʮһ
ڴ˵Լʲô֣ʮһû壬ΪѾûȥˣڶԷ˵˲䣬һƻ˶ԷϣͿˤ˳ȥ
Ʒʦʮһһ˲䣬һ˴˳
ʮһһӰٴγʱѾ࣬һĳӱ˳ȥˤһԵĳ²ʡ
ʮһ;վԭصһֵ볡ֻǵãȴǲһӰ෴ȻһƬž
ʮһ̧ͷȥȴǷ˶ڶԼɻĽĿˣָֻŵڵϵô˵Ʒģ
ʮһɻĿһ۵ϵֹţƷʲô𣿡
ȿȣֲ泤ز¶һƴƷʦˣһʮһ󣬱ͬĲ»صλɽ
Ļʮһһˣ̧ƲŵĿ˿ôͲСʧأ̫Ӧˣ
ˣȻ¶ˣҲͲˣ
ʮһһ̶Ȼ䷢˱仯˵֮ǰڿؿȥȥӵĻôһ̵ʮһǻصӦеİȻӡ
˭һսʮһڻʵ
һʱܸѻȸţ󲿷˶û뵽ʮһͻȻôǿƵһĻֻ֮ʮһٴ˵û˵Ļҿɾ³ˣ
ҲǷӳ˹֮Ӧսʮһһ֣
ʮһͻȻһ£ıԵôģԸôĻҪģ쵽ʱ򣬻Ҳ˼һʤֻǲ֪ΪΣЧȴԶǰΡ
λҲֻѡֻܹʮһһ֮һߵƫƫǸƷĵù
ԴӿʼһĸСʱң˶ʱٴվ˵ıԾȵټʱкܶǮ˺ȨƵۿʱ򽫻ǵĻᣬԼհɣ
˵һ󣬱ɢˣ˷׷ȥֻʮһոպıߵһŻȥսһֳʤʱ򣬰üȴǴʫʫ˹˵ϷҪСһ£֪СѿɷӦ
ʮһüĻһ㲻˵ʲô£ôӦ㣿
˵ʮһһº˵
ʮһ̫Ҫˣü˵ʺ͸ȴ˹ԻһǷΰʱЩӵĿʮһ
ۣƯãѰɣʫʫֱ֮ץסԷĸ첲ѰŪˣǺþûӦʲô˼
ʫʫȸȥɣҪȥλɣüһЦ˵һȥˣ
ڰüľٶʮһǰ˼⣬˺þҲûװüʲô˼
͵ʮһıʾҪҪʱıȴҡҡͷ˵ȫԽʱڼҿɲ뵽ʱ򿴼һĺǱʮһ
Ǻãʱôʰ㣿ʮһŵ˵


337 μϹС
ǺǣɱģıҲǼƵĻӦš
ҽϹѩҺɣʮһѵõĿ԰ʫʫľȴû뵽ֲһг
Ϲѩʮһתͷɻʵ
ǵģҾϹϹѩϹѩԺ˵
Ϲѩ仰ʮһԷĻ˻Ц˵ԭϹҵС
ԭ˵ңǾͺðˣϹѩ˵ͷ˵ǺһŬǶҪҵ£
ϹѩһĻʮһıаʵ˾סˣʮһǺֻǿһµľˣѵû
Ҳһ¼ҵΣϹѩһתͷŰ˵
ǳˣ治֪˵ʲôã˵ɵֲ񣬵ɣѵͷ˵˵
ʮһͰʶС椵ѾˣתͷȥλͷķӦ˶һ۵óһۣͶ˵һ˿ǰ
ô𣿸һÿ˸ǧĹʣֻҪһ˵ľУϹѩٴȰ˵
ϹڹλǾõλָģ˵ϹҵСʱһλѧգԭѧǷˮ֮飡
ʮһͰʶһʱ򣬺Ȼ֮伸ͬʱЦ˵μϹС㣡
һͻķӦ˵ϹѩˣǻʫʫҲûзӦֻı͸֪Ϊλ
𣿡ϹѩƵȷϵʮһͰʷ׷׵ͷЦ˵ΪףСõԱҾȥһǵ⼸λҲһȥɣ
ȥһҪ㿴һ£ʲôʵСԱҪòòҪʵʵϹѩһһţʲôƵģعͷʮһͰ˵ǿǧҽˣôõģкö󽫵ģҪҪǸߣҾȥֱ˵Ϸңţ취ã
ʮһͰʶһۺûϹѩĻΪʱߵʫʫੲݵڽԹʮһںıţֻл͸й¹㣬ֻҲܴһʲô񻹺Ƶģ
Ϲѩ˺ʮһͰһϳһҴƵȥһ˺ƺƵ߽Ƶ꣬ϹѩֱóһźɫĻԱƬݸǰ̨ǰ̨ͻŻŵĴ˸绰Ĺһģ˳ЦݵӭЦ֮ãʮһ˶о飡
˾Ƶ֮ʮһͰʸֵϹѩ֮һЦͿָŲ˵˺þá
ֻ߸𣿡Աһ֮ɻĳʵҲַܹԱʣһһ㣬߰ʮˣÿ˵ļ۸񶼲ͣ˵ͨ˵еߡ
ôǲӭ𣿡ʮһû˵ȴɧһ̧ͷʵ
Ŷǣֻ¼λԲô࣡ԱʵĻŵüæҡͷ˵
Բˣ⻹أȻ˵ԲˣǲĲ˺٣һüŷԱһԵʮһҲ˶ȤζˣϷ˼ҷԱСˣ
ۿŷԱҪˣһˣҪΪԭˣǾһ᳴ģο˵ﻹһˡ
ˣҪЩɣźþƸϼƿǸʲô82ƿˣʮһЦŶԷԱС˵һԵϹѩҲǲɵתͷһۡ
ԱСʮһĻϽ뿪˵Ƿ֮صķ䡣
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Щһ㶼ǺǮģûиǽģܻôŵĶ壡ϹѩʮһͰʵĶ˵
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ʮȫ֮ʮһͰȻȫУϹѩͻľѾˣΪǶȫʮֵеġ
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340 ǽ
ˣ˵һ˴ϿԿĶϵѡֺͼαһ֮󻺻˵ߵҺܶ඼ˣǰͻȴӡҲ˵һ޴ִѣҲʲôƣ˵һҲ޲ƣ
ʵһҪ˵ȺֵļαģϾûдԵķˮʦҲôλǲΪôˮʦȥһġ
Ȼαϼ򵥵ļ仰󣬾¶һȻɫʮһһӣúǿöƵģⶫеʱȥܼ򵥣ܿ׵ȴ֮٣˵ЩһģһӺּϹҲ˵һ׼һϾÿ˵඼ǲͬģν˫̥Ҳԡ
˵һ￴׼ȷȫһҲʮˣʵҲǣһЩҲƣڼңһҴ˫Ѿ˳Ǻܶȴûӡ֮дһѪ⣬Ѫ⻹ԽԽƣ˵һѪ֣֮һһֺ˵ʱһ¶˵Ҫһǣ˫֮дһ˿ҰȻɽȥòƺܾĸоϸ֮»ᷢ˿Ұɢ֮ƣȵʱҲѪַ֮ʱ򣡡
˵ȴǲ˵ˣֻЩƵģʮһȴ΢΢üͷǻûпǮģ
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ʮһϵʻԥһҪˣȴһȻ˵ʲô˵
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ߣϹҲ˻ˮǻӭˣĵЦһ󣬼˵𰸣ҲмС㣡


341 ʸ
һϹѩϵĻһҲֻٴλãֻ֮ȴǴһ˿ϵķŭ
СϷǴԵʮ֮⣬Ҳô˵һ㣬ǾСһ󲡣ΪһСĶͷһ㵭ɫͿԿóֻɫںǲֱڣҲ˶ó
ľصˡ˵ͣһ£˫Ŀɨ˵ԵʮһҪ˵һµ𣿡
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Ȼ²۵ʱܾȴվ˵˵˵Σ
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һĻʮһ뵽֮ǰи˵ܾǺϽ˵ģڿпܣԾΪܾͷ
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ֻʮһȴǷһ⣬һϺܾĶԻϲκɫʮһȴǴ˫пһ˿мǵģм
ʮһնӿһۣͷתͷĿԣӶʮһЦһ£ֻʮһȴǴЦûиܵκε⣬ôһ˿䣬綾䡣
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ȻܾʵĻԵһ£Ȼû뵽ͳ˸ưͿҪȴֲ֪ô˵ֻܷ߷ߵ˵֮˵֪˵


342 ɱ˷
ʲôСүվ˵仰ѾǸˣΪҵĺýˣѽԲ˵˵˹Ӱ̣Ҹоҵļ˥أҪ˵ʲôҪأʵֳָ״ǰΰεģ
ÿѡǰһ֧˷磬԰˵ĻȻҲЩαˣȻҺ֪СΪʲôǿԿһ˺棬ܶ˻ǲģϾżһҲǲģ
ߣ㵽׻᲻ᣬػĳģܾͨݵĽ֪ԼǾ˵ʵģԺܴѡתƻ⣬˵רҵ⣬һ˵İƿԣ
Ȼѣȴǰİһܾ˵ֱɣĳʦ̵£ʵѧôĳأĳֳֳֻˣ
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˿֮ʼ˵ҪһСǱǱˣЩǰС̥ȥӤΪеӤڴ̥ʱѾγ˻ˣ
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һ֮ץͲ˼ǿֳȶٴμ˵һʱ͵һˣʱҲˣڶֱԽ
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ֻڼαϯĳȴһĴŰ׳òŮӲģ糿ʼʱ͵͵￴ţ۱ôΪʼնǶʮһĵģԴ˿̵Ǽαϯеʮһʤˡ


343 Ʒʵ
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װô죿ʮһһһ߹ܾЦһԵİʡ
װҪĴۣʿŶЦĺܲá
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飡һص֮˾;ȵķܾǶߵķһ㣬һѪˤ˳ȥ
֮ǰʧʮһͰȴǲ֪ʱѾܾ֮ǰվλá
ʱĶһĿˤڵصܾô쵹һ㣬͵˻ڻζղͻȻһĻʱȴƮƮƮһ仰ҪܾٴοһѪ
ƷƷĲ˰ҿûȫȻͱսҪεˣ˵֮󣬰ʻĴһָף̬ʮ˵ȻŪҵ֣
һж̫ͻȻˣֱںܶ˻ûŪôأղŻվŵܾôˤɳȥˣѵʮһͰģֱ̫˼ˣοǻһƷʦһƷʦճɵӦŶ԰
ôĵӣȻҹԼͬУֱǲǺǷˮʦЭʱŷӦһӱŭĺ
仰ʮһͰЦˣЦúǿģ⻰˵ĻǲҪԼҪǲֵĻôڵϵľԻܾʱô˵Щ
֮ǰʲôˣҪʱģʮһĻʵһ㶼ӡ
ƿСҪΪԼһ㱾¾޵ˣҽͽ֪ʲôˣһߣϵƶȻɢƷʦѹȫʮһͰ
ƷҲһ֣Ʒʦжǿʮһǿǹѹ˫֮һ˿һһ֣ȵʱȥ޵оսʱҲи׼ʮһѾѹΪͻƵƷʦˣѾ׼ٻ콣ˣлı¶˲ʶ콣ȴʶл죡
ߣƷʦĴڰСʹʲô磬սʹ죡ǧһ֮ʣһȴͬһ֮ѾʮһͰʶ˵ǰ֦һһӣǹѹʧˣʮһͰʶ˶ʱеѹϵʯʧˣ
ǰͻȻֵһĻĺܶαȫסˣڿӰôһȫǻ˲һͻȻʧͻȻ֣
һѾֳܶ˵֪ˣȻҲһСȻ̩ȻûпƵģΪǰͼֶΣǻ֪ⲻ˲ƣֻΪٶ̫ˣ˵޷ȥ׽
ߣһӺļưһ˳Цſһӡ
ʮһ֪εӣҲܾʦ壡
㣬һǣһӿһ۽Լ֮ưΧĶˣЦ
Σǲм˵
һ仰һݣȻһԶԸ˵ĻЩˣ
ϺǣôٵͷأͻȻƽسһ׷Բɷǵߣ֮ǰֹһεİü˭Ҳ֪ôֵģÿ˵ȴǶһԼ˼ڶˮʦҪ֪ղŰüͻȻֻƷʦſõóسɴ磬ҲǱܶΪ˲ơ
ֻسɴ绹˲ƶΪĸߵһĹϵʱüͻȻ֣ɵȫһҪ֪ڵķˮУƷʦǾߵĴˣĸɻңֻҪӵһƷʦǵλǳȻģʹڶƷʦ޷ֲģΪƷʦ֮һƷһأȻֻһƷʵĲȴرģ
üҲҪһ𣿡ϵɫƺһͻˮһ㣡
üϵʻҲŭֻǵЦһ·һ䡣
ھԵʵǰһжǸƣüȻȥϺûκαı仯ΪƷʦȴȻɢȥֱϺѹȥ


344 ᳤
֮䣬ϺֱңžһѪԹͿ־ĿŰü
ʱ䣬ѻȸûκε춯еķˮʦһ˲䶼ЩŵĿſѪˡ
ǲͨˣҲһƷƷӣӸλƷʦȻֱӱü˵ѪֱѾ˵֪ˣ
һ̰ʮһеķˮʦеĸܵƷʦǿ
ЩΧ۵ļαȻ֪üжǿȴԿϺڰüһ֮³һѪЩ𾪣һкܶΪԼǮߺȨļһѾ˼£üˣò˵ĺܸ
ôôСģѪ̫ʢˣµҲãüƺܾƵģŵĴһϺ˲һٴһѪ
лüģıԵ˽쿪ʼڶһŬѹڵĻŰü΢΢һȭ˵
˵仰ҲȰüش𣬱תȥˣӰȻȻûһ˿ԥ
һֱԾⳡ־ʵΣ쳣нˣܾûȥܣʮһȴȥģΪʱں˳ԷԻף3֣ȻȻϹѩС㣡
극֮󣬼˱ص˾ƵԵķ䣬һҹ޻ڶ峿ʮһıѵʱѾһˣϴ֮˵㣬ʮһʹһٴ˱ء
֪ΪΣսصʱʮһܸоﲻһˣȴֱֿ֮Ϲѩֹһ䣬ϯ̨ϾȻƤɳ
ʮһŷԭϯ̨ǰͨλƤɫɳ
ʱķˮʦѾˣȻһˣǾܾڻҽԺأҽʮһԵĸо֮ǰһ㲻ͬǾкر࣬ǹۿļαǲķˮʦˣ
ʮһ׺Ϊ³׳ֻʮһȴǺȻԵõȥָоΪͰ֮ǰĿģ
˴Լһ̵Ĺ򣬴һ߹ˣֱϯ̨˾ĿȰڷźõƤɳϣ
Ҳİüվ˫֣ĳѹѹʾ˰
ҸҽһԵλüᣬȴǺĴÿ˵Ķ֮С
зˮʦ˲ʶߵĻҲʮһһˡ˵ªţԴӳΪˮʦûʱȥ˽ڵķˮʦ
ողˮһ绹û£֮鵤Ա֮ڳ¹Ĺؽ֮ڱһ֮ãҲֻǸո߳ѡ
ǱķˮʦͲͬˣʵΣ½ֻһƷʦҲʶλߡڷˮһȻΪϱɣɵĴﻹǱɵĴǱзˮʦòӡԺУһ첻®ɽĿ
ңҲмλɷˮЭĸ᳤ǮϣͬǹǮɣλͬҲɷˮЭĸ᳤ϣͬǹԸֱϣ
üλ֮ڶαҲһƬȻ᳤һɷˮЭĸ᳤ǵǶĹٰ׷Ҫύ֮ģֻҲԼǷǸύʵ
᳤ǲкܶࣿʮһͷһԵİʡ
ƨɻǱɶλ᳤ûĵʮһһ˵
һλȫˣôأʮһʾ⡣
֪Ҳǿҳ̫ˣĽأʰһͷǵ˵
ʱʱľһ£ʮһѾγɿԶˣֻβҲԣʱϹѩ
ܲܲҪôôû˵ʲôأϹѩһɣǲ˵
֪ëʲô𣿡ȴǷһ䡣
ʲôϹѩʶʵ
äĿţһ㶼û֪֮ƮƮ˵һ仰һѧһר־ϯ̨˵ݽ
ϹѩһֱȴֱֲӷϾϹǿҲܵô˵ʲô̫飬ϾϵϹҵ
ˣҾͲˣҺϸ᳤ָܻʾüһεıԣΪ˱αĹԣ֮ǰ׼Ľ֮⣬Ǿ׷һǾڵǸˣпܻᱻʦҲǻ᳤˼Ϊ״ӣǮϵָºЦ˵


345 լ
Ǯһ仰Ķʱըһ㣬һʱ֮˽۷׷ףֱӺǾ䱣ֹԣBOSSΪ״ӣκ˶Ϊ֮ģ
ϯ̨ŵһ仰Ҳ͵һЩӵĿ˿ǱԾЦǺǵʮһ
ܵڿԼʮһתͷȥһӵǵĿⲻɵһ㶣漴һΪλԼˣһһԼ˻ᱻϴѡе״ӣʱ뿪зˮЭᣬһһоͶȻˣ
ȻʮһԼû뷨ǿһӵǵʮһлôһ𶯡
ˣڶʽʼʱһСʱ£ɻôʼʱǮȴһǰһ£˾ͿԼλǰһأϵľһƶһСӸ
湲ʮͼƬҪľҳʺլĵطҳ֮ҪдΪɣе̫ɶˣǮ˵˵ͬЩͼƬӺõѡţѡõŵ3֣ԴƣڿʼʲôʵĻҲţ
ǮϵĻ˲Ϊ˵ʲôʿأȴŪôһţȻǮϵĻǲ˰ʮһڶϸķǰһСĲӡ
һʱ֮䳡ڷ˷ֻһٶѡֻƺƴԭǳ߹ۿļαҲÿ˷һȥ͡
еĲӣʮһһͼƬɵüͷ̧ͷһܣֺܶ˶һüͷü˲ɻ
һԵİҲˣʮһ֪ΪλˣΪʱҲһ뷨
ǰһͼƬʺլ˵ǷˮʦˣͨҲѡôطլģ
ʮһ֮Ը˿϶ΪһͼƬȻһֱ͵ľڣͼƬʮһôҲиǧˣȸ߶ȼȴֱնȣ˵լˣõѡҲ˵ģ
ͻȻʮһǮ֮ǰһ仰˫֮вһǮ˵ʺլģʺϾһвʺϵģҲϼһµһװ
뵽ʮһһĨЦݣͷȥͼƬֻſӣʮһе뷨ҡˡ
ԼΪⶼһͼƬˣǵûҵһʺլģеĵطѡլĻԺȫӰأ
˵ʮһŵͼƬէһȥһƬԭзˮǿһ԰ĵص㣬ϸ֮¾ͻᷢѡΪصϱһǣ
λнԺȫǻӰģƬ԰˵ĵصϷȻһƬϷλˮ֪飬Ƭէһȥլĵص㣬ʵȴǴ֮أиָ㽫һǴ˷Ȼȥ¸죬ǾԲѡģ
ʮһҡҡͷٴ̧ͷһܣֺܶҲԼһԽԽ˫ü֮ȫһ֣ʮһȴǷ֮ǰܵΣյӣʱȴޱ飬˿Ƿʲôϵı仯
һʮһԼƽôĸꡣ
ַ֮ʮһ˫֮һһ˿ϲɫһƬأ22ţʮһĬĬؼ룡
ַ˼֮ʮһͫ˫üƺŬıһ㣬֮ʮһ˫üչ΢ɲĵ˵ͷ27ţʮһĬĬļһ룡
һСʱʱ˵̲̣Ҫ˵Ҳ治
ˣʱ䵽ˣдΪĺ뽻ȥȡ𰸵ĹԱһǱͳƳԴ񣡡Ǯվ˵дЩɣ
ǮϵĻڶˮʦҲֻεҡҡͷеĿĴʱſһҰ֪ĸǿլģĸǲԵأ
ʮһȴԥһºصڿƬдԼΪĺ룡
ȴʱģͼƬʱ򻹲һСʱжôȴǾðСʱôѰ
ϹѩСʱʱĵϷһ°ʣʮһòôȤ
ʱڶαҲ۷׷ף֮ǰЩͼƬ˶ٻҪȳ˶һˮģҲڵѣ۵룬ز˵Ŀ⿪ʼʮһͰʼش


346 ҪֱҪ
ϾⶼпܳΪʦԽύһĻԼԺҵ绢һĴڡ
ʹŽɴߣһûоǿķˮʦ
ֹ˰Сʱҵʱ䣬ڰʿ챻ϹѩʱǮץǰĻͲ˵죬ʲô
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ȻҲôһ˶ǮЩмڹˣҲɵǮ϶Ÿɡ
˵ģɼѾˣһһʮˣ÷ֵֻаʮˣЩȫһûõģǮɨȫ˵ЩˮʦԽԽʧˣⶼʲôë
ֻЩǲˬķˮʦȴǷȺһը˹ɵøߣ
ӱ죬ô򵥵ⶼٷϻȫӳȥӿɲɵĻǱɵģǮһŭȣʱ˶ŵòٳëͷ汻ӳȥ
ֻڶˮʦȻ˵ȴ˿ûм٣ǮϵĻĺףҲ˵÷ֵһʮˣ۳ȥ۾ڻʣһʮˣȴֻһ˵õ˷ܲ𾪣Լһأ
ùԱһû÷ֵİʮˣǮɫԾˣһĿƬһԵȺĹԱ
һֵʮһڷ˺ܶ̾Ϣһ
һ˵ı飬һʣֱȴıҪʣν˻ϲ˳
ЩͼƬһǿ˵ģѡεЩҲǵһֵһʮˣѡнϴεЩ˱ǵõ2ֵģһжʮˣǮٴ˵˵һº˵ʣµ˱ѡ˵õλõģõ֣
һƬȻֻǮϲûгֹǣǾĵԼİ
ʮһǮϵķ֮ȴмǮù֪֮ʲôжȣһһ£ʹ˵ܵѹֵͬʱֿССķһ£
һֵʮ˵ֻ֣ĸȷʵеˣǱϾ÷ֵһʮأֻһѣ뵽һ֮ҲͲôˣ
һµһֵͼƬ22ţǮϵٴιƽ֮󣬻˵ڴҶͼƬ22ҳ
ǮϵĻ£һķʮһֻصõĸо
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ʮһĿһԵϹѩǲˬķ˸ۡ
Ǯϼ˵ȻֻһƬأҲǿΪլ˵ģܺܶͬҪˣôûͼƬأ
ǰҸûͼƬ
Ҳû
ǮϵĻ֮һȺķˮʦ˵׷˵ԼĿԡ
Ϲ˶ܿüΪʲôͿûеõһֻ˵ǻãǮȴ˫üһŭš
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ڶˮʦȻǮϵĻǲκ˼ҵλʵǿҲֻѡţοͼƬҲȷʵ֪ΪλᱻѡΪĵص㣡
ȿȣǮ᳤֪ɷٽһ£Щ˻ǺܶһúǾͷʮ֮ߵվе˷˵
Ǯɨһʻ˺˵ҶֱҪЩۿǺܷеģ
һ仰ֳܶɫѿվʻǸˡ
ҿˮʦһѧҪľУ̫ڹ»ǻӰڷˮϵģǮ˵ʱһ£òô䣬͵ɨһڶˮʦ˵ǷˮʦҲҲҪҲмͥĸ޶ҪȥԽҶҲûôˣ
ҸһҸ棬ҪֱҪǧҪڧǮһ̾Ϣ̾˶ᡣ
ڶˮʦǮϵĻǷ׷׵ͷҲ֪ǷбǮⷬ򶯵Ͼڵĺܶ˼ˮʦΪзˮΪ˿һõԼԼļ˹Ҹ


347 ȼ
ʵֹ۵㲢ûʲôԴֻÿ˿Ĺ۵㲻һѡ
ʮһԼԺԼˮ˳֮ԼôǷһзˮǷ񶨵ģôһ죬ԸѡþȫΪȻˮȻıˮһȥλҸϲĵطһƽ˵
ˣ˵˼ϻҾشʣǮʰһλվҲҲһֱش˵Ƭزûκر֮һҪ˵еĻôԱߵСˣ
ڷˮһѧУһ仰ƽԭȼ㣡Ǯϼ˵Ƭܺǿ˵Ұһ޼ҲΪʵĵطѾԵլˣֻǶԺ洦Ҳ޺ȻԱСǡȼľ棬ǿСƽȥߵʱʱõ㣿
ǮôһѣϸȥһȻˣ
ô°αϯһλŷͷİһĴȼ˵
Ǻǣ֮ԽΪʺϵĵصΪغСʵ̫ױıˣһСһŻС֮һЩĽôƽԭȼĸҲͱˣǮȴ΢΢һЦûȥڼ˵ӡ
ȻҶˣǽҾλеڶĴ𰸣һȻֻжʮѡԣ˵ʵǺܲ˵ģѵǵʦû̹𣿱˵ǶҰķˮʦǮһһ䣬ѾϰˣֻʮһǮϵĻ˸ʱǸİΡ
ʱİξ˵ǣʲôҲǽ̹ô򵥵ⶼ֮ģʮһǮ仰ʱһЩеģʶƲһ죡
˭֪һƲ죬ȴǱýĿɨӵǮϸ׽ˡ
ǸɫͷӣƲʲô죿˵Ļ𣿡ǮֱӴһָʮһ˵
ʮһһüһȻˣҲվֱһб۾˻ȥѵ
𾪣ʮһĻȷʵǴﵽЧƬ̺ڿǮӶʱڶˮʦȴﰵԵ⣬Ѿţ¿ôճ
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ǺǣܺãѾкöû˸˵ˣŲھһ㣿ǮЦһ˵
У㵱СүŴ˵úǸʵƵģʮһǮϵĻȴһЦǮϵĻͲмһˣ
⵹ҪͲһƷʦһԼ¶ԷƷʦ۷ҲУ
ܺãҲɱ֮ʲô֣Ǯͷһ˫ֱһַ緶˵
ˣСүҽʮһʮһƣʮʮһʮһʮһһʮһ˸ˣ˶ȴš
ʮһ⻰һ˵꣬ΧĴ󲿷ˣǷˮʦǹսļαжðһ뷨Ͳڻ
ȻϤʮһȴǲô룬ΪǵӡУʮһֻôĵˣ
ŶʮһǮɻĿʮһôһ˿𾪣
ʮһϣȲƽˣ˵˵ڶͼƬĸΪʲôҪѡǮϿƺ˵
Ǯ⿴һ仰ȴڳˣʮһԼⲻѧӦİ
˵ǮϲӦñȻһСӣӽ첻㣡
Ȼ˵ǲ⣬ʮһһºӹ˵ȻǮϷԸˣСӾͶ˵һˣ
һ˼·ʮһȥܱ˴ʱǷ񻹴Уһº󣬽֯õһһ˵˳
ȴȰͼƬ30ҳǵģɻһҳʮһЦе˵ȥһҲӳ
ʮһĻҲǽӳ˹ʮһķԸͼƬֱӹϵķһҳ
30ҳͼƬϻŵͼܼ򵥣ֻôһɽ塣
ɣһ·壬ǵڶѵѡ񣡡ʮһеɻһһУЦŽ͵
ûɣ·ˣǿЦһŹķˮʦվ˵
ǻҵרҵԣǻǮǮ᳤۹⣿ʮһҲֻЦǺǵĿվˡ


348 ߵ֮
ȻǻרҵԣҲɵǮϵ۹ǳ˪
ֻû뵽ǣʮһ򵥵һʻȴǰʮһǮϽģȻʮһרҵԣҲ˵Ǯѡʵ̫ˣҲ͵ͬڻǮϵ۹⣡
ʮһһ˫ص˾ǰҡҡͷվͷļһе
ɵ棬Ȼ㻳ҵרҵԣ˵Ǯϵ۹ˣҾʹǮϽѵһºˣʮһ£һŷ׳˻δӦ֮ʱѾٽӵǰ

ʮһһŷӵһ˲ҹѤ̻һ˿ʱըӽһƬԭһ׵װʱҲѱĿȫǣƺһζ
Ǯ󲻻ƨƽϣҲͬߵ֮ʮһܱ䣬һͷƮݵİ׷˾øӵĺ䣬֮ǰЦȫˣ
Ȼûŵ㣬̫ˣֻǸһ򵥵ĽѵʮһԼλȥλ֮ͷɨһˣ̹ǵ˫ʹ˲ȥֱӣ
ƺֻҪӵľ˱ᱻɱһ㣡
ڵϵҪ˵ЩʲôȴʲôҲû˵ֻʵָʮһ֮г˿ֻźͷŭ
̫ˣǮϵдһ˿֣һ˿ŭ
ôãûϲɱ˵˱ûлŵ壡ʮһǮϵĻǷԣҡһͷ˵ԼĹ۵㣡
̧ȥҽԺȥɣǮ̾ϢһһԵĹԱԸֶʮһ˵˵ɣٸˣͱҳˣ
ǮϵĻһԵĹԱ첽ǰ̧ԹȥӾʹæС뿪ˣ
ʦֶδ̫һ㣬ֻһʦҪѺ˱ϯ̨ϸ϶Բ֪ʱһԵһ˵
ʦֵѡ񣡡һȻͬϵĻһӵѡҲһϣ
ǮϵвʮһûйᣬǼ˵˭ʲô𣬿ʵģ˺ܺ˵ģ
ʮһ仰вʶǲûסһָ㻹αһ𣿾㻹˵˼ֱӴɺ̿Ҳк˵һ仰ͱ㶯Ҳк˵
ʮһ˷˵ͷƺӣ˵ʵղλһ˵ĵҲԣν·岻ˣէһȥȷʵһ·壬ȴûǮϵ۹⣻λǵƽ·嵲ס֮ٿ
ʮһĻȻкǲˬǰʮһ˵ȥȻȻıǷһ˿ߣ
Ǿ˫ֵס·֮󣬾Ȼڱ߽ǴֳһܰСɽ壬ҪڵסֻΡʵĹ·Ļźܶ˶ῴһССɽ壡
Щ˻˵ҿʱϸһЩͿǾʹˣⲻֻǿϸľͿԵģǿڷˮһŵϾɽˮжȣ
ʫῴɷ壬Զߵ͸ͬʵ仰ڷˮѧҲã
ܶˮ֣վĽǶȲͬķͬҲӰ쵽һежϣֻϸľͿԵĻôǸֻҪűˮ֪һЩˣνķˮʦҲͱضˣ
ѽôûأ
ǰⲻǷˮе˫ӳ𣿡
԰˫ӳյĸǿԶԺƻģ
ܶˮʦʾգ˵ԼôôĴûȥϸıһأ
еķˮʦԲѵ˵ţֻҪԼͼһһʱͻ˫ӳյķˮ֣Ҳǵøո˭ǰԱʮһ·լ
һʱ֮˵硣ʮһЩˮʦûʱȥǼ˵ഫԪĩʱһλΪũũһҩʱоһ˴Σˣ֮Ϊ˱⻧ũңũ˵Լںɽߵ㴦ĻԱ˺ͨﶼд౨
ũȻţʱǷԸԼĶӰ˵Ľɽߴ
Ȼũ֮ũһθлһӣƾһһıʮĴ
ũڳΪ֮ҲûнݣڰΣ֮ʱʱ֣֮ҲǻµĸжϲԣũﾹȻ˲ֹ
ʮһΪλ֪ЩΪǸũµ˱Щھмصģ


349 â¶
Ҳô°ǿĻһɽ尡֮ǰΪһεŷͷİٴμĴ
ʮһüͷȥǼһڷԼ֮ȻڨڨЦһ¡ǲ˼ƵģȻǼһ￪˵Ǻǣǲ˼ʵ̫ˣһʱûס
ͷ꣬ʮһֻЦЦҸ˾ʹ֣֮ǰѵǸһֻ˵ùʮһôأ৵һ±ĳˣ
ʮһҪǲúǸһ£ﶼùⲻȥԾһɱӺ
ֻʮһ֪ǣͷ֮ȴǰԴһʮһüͷʲôشƵģ
ʮһ㽫ڶݴ𰸽˵ˣɵǮ˫֮ȴһȻʮһƢһЩ˵ҲһЩȴᣬÿһ䶼صϣʮһǸ£Ȼ֪һԵļϼһҲ˵Ҳ֪һǴģ
ԭΪһӸģǿһͬȵǮϾƷ۶ϣֶɾϼһ˵ԷֻҪһһ΢ɲ̬ǾͿ֪Էôˣ
յʱ䣬˽ش֮лعֻǺܶ˿ʮһַ˱仯˵֮ǰвڿʮһһϵֶ֮Щ־ʮһٵЩ˵֮ѾЩĳݣ
ģǿߺܶ˶ǳݵģֻҪ㹻ǿҪŵʱͺֻҪǮӵʱһ
ڼαϯϴʱŮˣ˫֮˸һ˿˷밮Ľһıһ
ֻıȣעҪһߵŮˣΪʱıõʮһ΢Цһֶ԰˲ŻᷢЦݡ
㽲Ĳô˵һһͼƬɣǮЦŵ˵ͷȥĺܣ

ǮϵĻʹԭѾĳٴα÷ˣ򵥵һ仰ڸߴǵõֵĸ֮УһǰʮһȻڸղ˾ѾԤˣǵǮϵ֮˻ǸоЩţ
ֻһ̫ͻȻˣ
ʮһӵĿǮϣѵϼһҪҵͷ񣬶෽һлңֻȫûҪ
ǿʮһǮϻ˵һµֵĸ˵֣
ʮһʣ磬ǮϿһе˵ҲվҿҲλһ£
ǮϵĻ£ϰһվվˣʮһȴ˫һΪһ֮ǰһһθǸˣʮһһ㣬Ǿ˵λȻҲͰһ㰤ŵģ
Ҳ˵˺пʶģĻ½ıԾҪˣ
ʱ䣬еĿȫ۵ĸ˵ϣ磬һͨĲͨӣԼʮӣ˫֮пһ˿ϵĲһŶȴݵúƤͷƻ˵ӣһ˫С۾ÿ£ʱһЦĿˣֻЦȴ޷ϵһ𣻰ʣһͷƮݵľƺɫͷ֮Ȼ٣ʵ޷һ˿˿Ŀ֮ģһ̵İʾȻС촽΢΢һЦ֪˶ӣʮһǸǮϽаӣһԲϱֵĹˣһͷɫ֮ǿʵ٣һһЦ֮䲻֪ǣ˶Ůķģ
ۣʮһ̫˧ˣҪӣҲ֪ĸŭţ
ʣҪ飬Ҳںеģǿȥעᣬϲ㣡һ׵еȵӣĺţ˼Ƥһأ
˵վĸʵܱ˲֪˭˭ͣҪ˵ֵĻʮһͰʶˣһòҾ徣һ˧ɽѣ
Ǯüͷһּ˳ס˷Ⱥˣ°ɣʮһͼ˵һ°ɣ
ʮһһǮϣⲻǴĵ𣿿һ֮İͶֻʮһиתһ룬ѾҪͷˣǾԲЩˣҪΪȥʱ򶨻ɱˣҪϱһЩͨĻʮһھԻȥʲôƱŲȤأ
ȿȣȻҾͼ˵ˣʮһɤӣЩɲʱӣҵ27ҳ
һʮһɨһ۷ֺܶѾҵҳһ˫ãĴ۾أһ֪ʣӣ


350 ׻
ҿܻɻⲻһСׯôʺլأʮһͼƬָ˿ʮһĻ£ǮǱҲеͼƬŵͶӰ£˲ȫǷŴĵ27ҳͼƬ
ʮһɻֲҷԵӺƣֲǡ
ȷʵɻʲôĵطʹΪ˵һĵص𣿡ʱһһĴڼαϯĬĬۿı
ãλɵŮʵüֱüˣһҵһλ˧ޱȣְֵֶɾģʮһǲҪĺݿԼһһԵİʵ̲סˡ
ܱϻ˵𣿡
ǺǣԲѾ˵ᣡʮһȴǵЦһ£İʰҪʮһ
СׯȥȷʵûʲôĵطէһȥһũСׯûʲôͬʮһЦеĽţǳ˫ɨȫ˵ǣλͬԼλļαϸĿһСׯķݽ裡
ʮһĵǣû˿ȵı飬һҾ֪˵ӣʮһϸݽʱ򣬷׷װʮһ˵һ
ֻ⿴ҲвͬͿԿרҵҵĲˣαֻǾԼϸĵȥ۲죬Ȼѣעģֻʮһһ仰ǾͿԿóʲôͬĻôˮһѧҲͲᴫô꣬ʱջʧôˣ
һԵһַˮʦֵȼߵͣóרҵ۹⣬ֱԶĹ۲һׯ֣һһнָ飬߾Ȼӻһ͵̣ıȻ
ϯ̨ϵǮҲ΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻ˵ʺʵ̫һЩǸееģֻǱʵʴ˶ѣ
ֻڶˮʦǿ֮ҲûȻȻ˴Եˡ
Ǻǣλоһⷿ뷿֮ļҪЩݵݣ⵱һĹһ˾סķĹʮһɻ󣬻ĳѵ
ʮһٴѺٴεͷ˼ϸ֮һڽзݽṹԺ֮ʱһֽ֧һһĹţ·һ㣬ֽЩƷĹķòͬɫӣеԽǾȣһʹպ֮Ѿ𾪵Ĳ˵ˣֻŴһ𾪵ĿǰճͼƬ
ţĳͶأͻȻһԼʮ겻ʮվʮһ˫ֺʮһݣϿ
ĳˣоѣӵĿһʮһһݣû뵽ʮһֵˮҲǸһȣ֮Ϊλأ
ǺǣλˣĳҲֻǽҶѣʮһǺЦźǿĻص
ߣ㻹֪ԼǽҰһ䲻гѭȥͬԵеʱһĶʮһ
ǺǣʮһȻЦţȴ˲˫֮бһƾâ
ȻգǮһû£Ҫܣһǻ
ǮϵĻ˾ǲмĵ˶ԷһۣʲôҲûж˵ֻʮһУѾ֮У
ʮһעǣ֪ʲôʱʼԽԽɱˣ
ȻôһСǲڶˮʦо27ͼƬԼʮҵʱ䣬ʮһ֪ܿѾˣٸʮӵʱҲǿģԿ˵ȻλͬжˣĿ϶вּαûпҾҽһ£
ʮһ仰˵òνȸڶˮʦӣֿЩʲôļαǽ
óһ֧ʽЩڵĵһһҪЩݿǸ˾סլ֮Ǹ˾סլ
ʮһһ㲥˷׷Ч£Ȼͼ۳̶ȸвͬ˵û̫ģ
λˣôλͼʲôأʮһϵЦݷ·òƵġ
һֻϻ֪ˣǰ׻֮ƣһˮʦʮһĵ㲥֮󣬼شš
ɵ׻լģֹʬɢΪģһˮʦ
ҿɵô˵أһʱ֮˵硣
ô°ĺһֻͷϻƴʦֱ˵һ°ɣЩͨǿװ֮ǰŷͷƤٴվеĻͲ˵


351 
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ճ£Ӣۣ΢΢һЦԺ˵һֳڱ˹άγɵԺ
Ǻǣ֣ʮһȴǲ㱻ֱˣӢֵۣҲ밡Ӧһ֮׼⣬ȴǱһЦˣ
ӢۣøЦְȻҪȫŬţʱȴǲɵһЦӢɫ˲ŵһЦȥȴǷһúһŮʱЦǰϵģ
ӢȻ󣬵ҿ϶ڳô֮У˵ʶŮˣ˵Լǵڶû˸˵ԼǵһȴǱԪŮ𾪵ˣһҲԼƺҪŮ˵ˣֻǴĿŮ
ʱʫʫûע⵽Լжע⣬ԾĴһԵĸпŵĴЦţ
ȿȣˣҰɣǮĵһһԵİüѹƾơ
ˣ˵ɣ
ʮһӵʵĻ󣬵˵ͷ˵ǰһλͬ˵ĺ׻±ѹլլģôլľѵصأֻǴһ£ֻͨð׻֮ƣôʿ϶ѹ֮ŴҲ֪ϰ׻ȴֱѹģôһǷųΪһĴ󺦣
ôˣķĹ׻µĸأЧǷ񻹻һ֮ǰأ
Ƿ񶨵ģڶĹΪ׻¸ֵѹǶ뿪ЩòתĻʱţеĿܾͱ׻ʴˣеĿܾͻһһԼγǿһЩĹȣ˵ڲתԹ̫γɵҲпܻγεȴƾűʶĹ
α仯ЩյĽֻһǾΪ֮ãʵĻһѵص㣡
ƴʦ˵˼˵ܵзʵǸ˾סģǸ˾סģͷʵʮһͷּ˵ЩĻҲȫǴѹ֮ˣ˼˵ѹһǿĴڣ
ǵģ¹Ӻܴ˵Ļȥ֮֮أôЩǾͻѹ֮תΪɹˣʮһ˵ͷΪ͵ĿųӢۣû뵽ȥȵĻӻͨһ㣡
ѹǻĻģӢЩɻٴʵ
ˣʮһĻص󿴼˺Ǻףֲһ˵Ҳ˵ǱȽϸ߼һĽʬʶĽʬ
У
ʮһ󣬳ڶʱһƬ
ǺǣλĺˣǮϵ˼ȻͼƬ˳һѾˣǮϵ˵ʵǲκεĵģʮһԼһ仰µαˣɵĳο
ȻǸѹĶ򵥣һαԽ֮󣬽ϼһӣűԵǰһǰȥģԴҾԷģ˵ˣôǷ񻹻Ҳ˵أǮϿһ»˵ʮһȴǲͣķۣͲֱ˵ѾˣûȺα³ʲô
ˣʦ֪һͼƬԺǷҲͬʲôôǮϵĻȻû˵ѾǸڣǶ˵ǱϾǺңԶ£νиӸߵĶأЩˮʦʱǸӸߵֻǺ̵ܶʱ䣬˾ʹ˳һԼʮվʵ
ǮϿһʮһ˼˵ʮһֻεƲƲ죬ԺӰҲǾ޴ģ֮ڵﵽһ֮ǰﲻĸ߶ȣ֮ͻὥû䣬ֱ˶ưܣ
ʵҲ󣬸ʱν֮۰˷֮ڼЧģ֮ڵ˵ѪԵϵŨģô֮ڵܵȵӰȻа֣ɻڴ̵ĻǸɵйٵȻɻڴ﹦ͣܳΪˣⶼпܵģ
֮ѪԵϵı䵭ôҲģ𹫵µģϲԱĺĳͷ𽥵ľͻٴαΪߣ


352 йطˮ
ʮһһýÿ˵֮УڶԺܶ˵ȴÿ˶һִ·ʮһڶһ˵
ʮһĻ֮ãͷվƣʱ֮һڱ
ǺǣԭҪҲһҲڽеģϼһһ֮ͻȻ쿪ʼʱ򽫻ѡһǰףϣٴݰ٣ɢᣡǮϵЦţȥܴӣʮһȴǺգϼһ϶ûģһʲôأ
Ǯλߵ뿪ټĳ˲ǱըƵģԭܰļαϯͻȻһѡ߷ӵʮһδӦôµʱһӰ嶯ǼǰһЪϢһ£㼱˵ƴʦ֪ɲԸ㷹ģû˼ֻǵҪʶһƴʦ㣡
ʮһȥüһⲻǸȵĳӢСˣȻܵô죡
ðҿֹܲһˣмѣʮһЦЦһһ΢Цţһ߸ŻеСĨ߹ı
ȫû⣬ƴʦǾҳӢ۵ѣӢۺǺˬһظӦ
ҲӢһ£ʮһˣһʮһѾӢ۽ȵˣʹʮһֵ֪ͬʱָϽ֦ʮһİʡ
ǺǣƴʦҪ߰ɣѾλˣӢۿһԾɶʮһˣһԵʮһ˵ǸϽʮһߵúãȻʱ䳤˭֪ᷢʲôʣ
ǺǣǾ߰ɣʮһ᲻֪Ӣ۵˼ֻ˿ڵλϺλӢȵĻôֻܣһѾڰΧأǸʮԵòֵŮʮһѾиʴкˣŰǲòĶǶŮģһпӢټλϹѩСˣ
ʮһҪύˣǾһҪύָߴʤģЩαĽύû壡
˷ֳʮһͰʷֱŸųӢۺǸŮһȥԷˣ
ʮһһıϹѩԼǱ߸һǸУʫʫʵҲԭģıǱҪʮһһģҲΪʮһʶ˵ģ˻йǷʲô⣬Ҳñ˴֮иӦԣʱʵǷǳǿģ֮еͺʫʫƷ֮һҲǵĶ֣
Ϲѩʮһ˾͸ˣʼҪ£ľʮһ
ɲɵǼڹʾƵֿ֮ȻͬһƵſ³ѡİ֮Ҳֻһᣡ
ϯӢҲʶȤû˵καĻ⣬ֻǸʮһͻϺһֱͨԱҲûἰĻ⣬ⲻòʮһĿ࿴ĵӾٲҲȫΪ˴
˻صзˮЭ֮ǰȻȰϹѩ͵סľƵ꣬ȻصˮЭ֮ʮһȴǾȵķ֣üҲҿӺڵ
Сѣ̸һΣüЦ˵
Ȼԣʮһȭ˵ҲҪҸһ£֮ǰһһµģڿһӵ״̬֮Ǿˣڰüв֮
СӦҲҪҰɣһ䰲ķڣüŶʮһ˵
ǵģԴһǰһμ֮һֱиҪһʮһ˵ͷһҲֱܻ˵
ʱʫʫ˵ʦ־Ʒһ·ҲȷʵˣΪҷֲֻң˵ǺܶˮʦÿһƷ֮Ķû˵ôȷأʮһȰüشֱʵ
հü˵һƷ棬ƷƷƷߣƷѰƷռƷƷֻأƷɣ
ֻһ·Ȼϻһ˳ʮһȴʼվԼһвͬŽӴķˮʦԽԽ࣬ʮһֲöķˮʦü˵ÿһƷʲôֵôȷ
ھжЩƫƫûУʮһе㻳ɵհü˵ĻǶԻǴˣ
С֪峯չֻǷȽǹڵķˮһѧҲʵдΧڵƣһ̫ʧ峯ĩڵʱ򣬷ˮѾʣ޼ʱˮﵽߵļһȥԲУһ𽫷ˮ֮һ£һҸ˵״Ȼ˵󵼺ܶˮʦķչȴǿԴٽˮʦķչ׳󣡡


353 ֻӰ
һ£˵һ˸ո̤ˮһѧͿԸ߿߻ô룬һѵѾôˣҲһƶü̾˿֮дһ˿Σ
ڣʮһǮϵĻͬʱһ˿Ũҵɻ󣡼ȻѾˣΪʲôЩˮʦȫȥأ
ΪʮĶʱڣܶò׻ķˮȫˣˮʦǱƵ˾·һ·γɷĳ棻Һʱվһλǿķˮʦ˾ǵŵģüƺ֪ʮһҪʵʲôֱӽӹ˵˽ˣǰϦѾʧ˵ͻȻϸɣ뵱ʱһţҲ̫˼һ̸յԱʣµķˮ֮λˮʦ½ˮһѧ·֮ϣ
һμ֮ʱ֮Ի˵ôһ뿴һ㵽ǲǸеˣ˵ҲҶ㲻𣡡ü˵ͻȻʮһһݣŵʮһæһ˳ȥʲôЦ㶼֪˾ȻңһҪأ
𣬲ʲôĿģڲû𣿡ʮһȻô˵ţȴƲƲ죬ҪǿǸ˵ϣҿ϶һ٣
ԣ˵ʲôһǲеǸˣʲô˼ʮһͻȻ䷴ӦɻĿŰüʵ
Ǻǣй¶üȴǵһʮһװһĪӣʮһֱһָȳй¶˵ʲôأ
СѸûʲô˰ɣüЦһ£صʵСǷĴУ
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Ŷô˵Сûлˣüȴǲĵٴηһ䡣
˵أ㵽˵ʲôֱ˵ɣʮһװǲͷ˵
ûʲôֻ˵λѰչһʫʫѾͷСûиĸһֱͷϴģֿģüҡҡͷûټǸ⣬˵ʫʫʱһӣ
˵ҺͰʣʮһһĲ⣬ͷûëɣԼҲͺѣȻԼչŮ
ǵģϣλܰչҵŮʫʫüһĳϿҡ
ȵһ£չʫʫĵ£ʮһʵ
ģΪʲôüֱӷʮһһʻҭʮһ
Ҫʲôȥʮһưⶼʲôʲô
ǵıҴȥӡǸ׻ѹĶ֮Ҿͻ뿪иҪȥüһĳӣҪǵãһʵԽǿϵĵҲԽأ
֪ҵģֻܽʫʫʮһί˵
ģҲ֪ѾһŮѣһ֪Ƿһһծһ֪ܶԼ֪飡üƳһʮһ˵˵˶ãϻᷢһһ٣
ΣʮһüĻʱһɫвһ䣬æһЦʵҽķ
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ʲôЦԸȥʮһüĻ󣬵˶ԷһۣаԷΪϲ
˵ʵǧʫʫʲô뷨Ҳ֮Ůᱻһü˵ʮһȴһ飬ȴǲ֪÷ʲô
ֱ뿪棬ʮһԺлصŰüһ仰Ϊ˱δʫʫչ֮һ仰
Ůһζ䳾⣬ˮ仨飬ֻӰ
ֶʮһûŪеĺ壬ҡҡͷԲȥ룬ҲֻǰüϼһĶȤζأ
ӷˮЭصľƵʮһı˯úɱ޵УҲﵽƷʦȻúС죬ȻԼıˮһһ羰ĵطһȹֻģ֮кһŮӵӰƾʮһôҲ壬ʱȴһӾ˹ΪӰȻǿǷģҲ֪ôȥ˵
ôˣجˣһԵıʮһͻȻˣеʵ
ûʲôҳ𣿡ʮһҡҡͷЦſı
ҲҲҪϵľôһɫǵģıָһʮһĶͷôʱ᲻֪ʮһʱЩʲô


354 Ҷ
һ˶ȥͰɣʮһһ§סıĽȥһʱƵͷһս㱬ˣ
һСʱ󣬶˺߳˷һ˵㶫ٴŹʴƵ
һ·һӶЩĵʱʱĿһʮһʮһʵ̲סˣһ˵ܱܲˣİɣʮһˣ
ˣֻȣ̨֮˼һƴǵŵѣһװм˵
У˭ҴңʮһҪŵĴЦȴȻ侪۾ɵϴʵ˵ʲôѵһ䶷
ΪأһӰһʮһ
仰ʮһһԵıС͵͵Цš
̨֮ǧҪŶһῴģıż㣬ʮһĶ˵
һҽȫſ֮Ҿͺúʶһ£ʮһåĻһ䣡
ٴصʱʮһͰʴк˸ˣΪ⣬ǵУǺпܽǰ׵ģǲǵһֵǷȥύģӢ۸ǿֱ˹ʮһ˼䣡
Ƕ֮⣬ȻҲΧ˺ܶףأ
ʮһͰȥͬʱҲǶˣŵһĨӵĶζʮ㣡
ʮһͰȴһЦͬʱһָȥֱƴ
ˣĲˣôȫðɣʮ֮վŵģһǵĹԱأѡֻǼαҲıʲôݣ
ǮĻ֮󣬱ԭΧһȺ˲ɢһʱ䣬ǾѾǮϵĲദˣʮ֮վŵģǮĻӳȥô˵Ҳ֮Ҫıӳȥˣ˶жඪ˰
һ̵Ĺ򶼲ԭµıҲûһվŵˣѡֻǼαȫԼλϣЧ֮է࣬ʮһֱԼ۾ˣҪǸʲôЧʣѾ˸ˣ
ǺǣȻˣôһ½ı򣡡ǮϺĵ˵ͷЦе˵ܼ򵥣Ҷһһʮ˲ÿʮΪһ飬Ȼһضսÿһֻվŵģ
ʤʮĸȫеһҶֱֻվŵʱֹͣսֳмʮͷǻ¼öεĹȻҲֱӴֻʣһվţôվŵ˾Ǳ״Ԫ
ǮϵĻ£ʱһƬȻֱģʽÿûйģֱ̫ˣ
ȻҪǲԸ⣬ھͿѡ˳ʤҪϼһȥִģǿɲƿȥһҪгսģǮ϶ȺķӦûƵģ˵
˳ߵһˣ˭Ը˳أʹ֪ǰߵԶһҲ϶ӦһЩԺһֱϣ
ȻҲеǱһֽҵģһԼһСվأôȨǮǰ¶һһҫ
ãȻû˳ôʹߵʮȿʼˣǮϿһ飬һָߵһȺˮʦ˵סˣڼ䲻ɱ֣
ֹʮһȴһʶһۣ˵ǺҶֻǰ̫߳ͷˣֻҪһΧڣһΪʸ֮ģ
ȻҲӦǿһĽǾ޴ģȵʮĸ˵ʱҪȥھеˣ
ųл䱸˭ҲȹʮˣʮһеЦԼ棬¾Ͳ˰ɣҲмȰԼɵɣ
Ȼʵڻûз֮ǰ˭Ҳûа취¶ۣνƻ仯죡
нֵľ沢ûг̫ãһȷ˹Եһ˹ȥͬʱսʽʼ
һ֮ʮһһֵ飬ǾƺǻϵģµĴУڶԷΣʱһǲĳ֣ڲİ仯ˣ
ʮһЦЦŤͷ˿ԼΧЦŨˣԼĸˣҪǷʱһ飬һĻǻ¶֣
ƺǿʮһЦݣʷ˸۴һҪĸ˻˱ͬһأ


355 
⻹𣿡ʮһ΢ԥһºʵ
ôϹѩ˵ĶԻͬʱתͷʵ
ɵʮһͰʶӶûУͬĻشֱӽϹѩιȥ
Ȼ˵ĻŸ˵ڣֻĵ˵Ͼʵʵ̫ˣǱһҲǺܺöԸģֻϣ
ðҲֻ̬Ѱɣ˵ôţʵ̫ˣһ̣Ϲѩ˼Ҫһٵĳ嶯
ϲ˵ʵʵ˵ģʮһȴǺļڶ˵˿һΣ
˵Ц䣬еʤѾ˳ӴڴŴվڳУ֮һĨ
ʵֳɼҲ˽ˣֻĳЩȴеСƣΪǵµİ˸ˮʦǿһҲǶƷʦѣǻϹѩ߻ȥվ
ܿһһķˮʦϳһһԵվ󣬲ʱ͵ˣǶ˾ȻֵһʮһüͷĸˣĻ˱ȻһôսӦûѣԼƴȫĻ򵥺ֻܶ࣬ɵһֱû˵磬ΪĸоӦǱ۾ǿôһ㣬ǲǿܶ࣬Լȴȫ͸ټ֮֮ǰǹɲĸоʹ֮ʮһһֱע磬ϣĳпһ˿
Ȼѣʵϲ뷨ֲʮֵʱ䣬սˣǶ֮⣬޵վ
սֻΣҿֻܺܶһΡ
ʮһüͷĸˣ粢ûѡһ֣һ˵עȻ˲Ͷˣų̫ڻңһֱӾ˸ɣ֮˵ǶɣΪһڱɵͬʱײϣȻ˾һˤ˵ϣҲû
ڶγǶһ͵Ϯһɨ˳ȥǿٶʮһֻһϿǱרϹı
γûһʹ÷ģ˸Ϳĵϸûľȼ
һսе߰Щ˵
УʲôģǶսЩʦƷĶûУϹѩԴ˱ʾǲм
һȻڵϵĶǲƷģսԲһ˿ԶԸģԸһ£ҡҡͷĪ˵һ仰
˼ҴǸһʮһжǲá
˵ϾֻǶƷѣô˵ҲƷʦˣʰʮһһۣӺΣ
ιʲô˼Ȼ˵ҲǣսҺǿĺȻҲѾƷʦ۷ˣϹѩˣƾʲôӣһָʮһ˵㣬ȻֶκϾֻǶƷѣҪǿҪĺòã
ʮһϹѩĻһۻ˵ֿҪչСܰһ£һ飬һ飬Ҫҷɰ
ȿȣֱˣҰΰʮһ̬ɣˤԼ
һһƷʦ㻹û𣿡ʮһ᲻֪˼һ䣡
ʮһĻ󣬻˫һЦǺǵ˵ĻֻҪԵĴôһͿˣȫҾͺˣ
ϹѩڻĻȴЩӣʮһ˷˸ۣ
ܿ죬ֵʮһͻϳˣϳ֮ܲҪЦˣЦúܿģ󽱵ĸо
Ϊʮһ˵ȫһƷ߶ƷģԼƷΪټԼֶΣֻҪһʮһԽսı̬ԼͿЦ
˸ˮʦؿЦļһǲвʱ򣬱ȴǿʼˣܲصֱӳȺУһٲɱ
λˮʦڷֺѶԸһЩʱ򣬱֮ǰųͷİëʣµˮʦһ۾ˣ˻򲻹һˣ
ʮһҲһһˮʦΧԵúǱӼ˵Ľ
Լҵʱ䣬ѾȫˣƽһһٶҲǺܿˣȥʮһ˵ʱȴǷһĻȤ飡


356 Ȥζ
ʮһڶһˮʦĹʱûվƵģһһֱֻ̧ɲɵ˶һˮʦɲϣˮʦΪ䵱ɣ˫ַɲӵ˵ֱ
ʮһһηǳĽŻȫߵ˶ԷϣֻβûߵҪλߵȲѨϣʹ˶ʱ֮ڲܶѣ
ǸߵöӾļһֻܹù򶷵ĹоȻ˵ʮһʮһûֱɱѾʴˣ
ҪǱϵǸ֪Ϊôһ仰ԼͻһĲҸ֪θ룡
˻صλ;˰ʺϹѩ˸ʮһ˵һ仰ȴǽȻ෴ģ
˵Ļʮһʵ̫̫Ȥζˣ
Ϲѩ˵Ļʮһʵ̫ˣô˶ôʱ䣡
ϯ̨ϵļϼһȴǶʮһľٶЩǲ֪ʲôֱ߱˼ҵܵȷʵе̫ˣ
صλŵʮһȻƳһǱߣǸڶԼƣʮһ˫ֱӱñ˻ѪأοڵʮһʮһǣһĨζЦݣЦݾڿһһ㣬ͷƤĸоѪһ㣡
ʮһЦݺҲǲһ㶣漴øˣ
ʮһƳһջĿ⣬һˣû̫ȤĿ񣬱ϾıһսȷʵҲ˲
ȻʺϹѩİ˸ˮʦУһƷʦȻѣڶ˵ļл֮¼һӶûϾͱһ߷˳ȥսȻǷַӵ£
ȵȫ֮ʮһȴע⵽һƤڳӣȻҲƷʦʵȴƾһ֮ڼƷʦ֮ܵһ˺͵ϮֽȫܣһãȻ֪ĶƷʦ
ڿʵʮһһԼ۶ϣһҲҪעһµģǧǼ˴ܾ֮ʱˣǾ͵òʧˣ
Ȼʮ߳սǵȵ˴֮ҲͲŹȥһСʱѣǮҲվֱץǰĻͲ˵ϢСʱ
ǮϵĻ£нķˮʦȫץʱϢԼ״̬ѣһߵļαȴеסˣ
˵ˮʦܶ÷ô˰ѡֱӴأѵ˵ĴǼٵģпǰȴǰҡҡͷҲǷǳɻǰʱˮʦȷʵǷɣֻڵļˮʦȻȫѡֱȥཻ̱
Ȼɻ󣬵ⲢӰǹۿʶһˮȸߣֱֵķˮʦ˭᲻Ըأοзˮʦôصְҵ͸ʲôǿģ
Сʱʱ˵˵Ҳ̣ʮĸһУʮһĸ˲ûѡֱЩˣѡվһУʮһ뷨ȲҪǼһ潻棬ƾĸ˵ʵųǣһûǸǣ
ȻʮһжϵһһʼɱȺһ㣬ͻһΪȴֻǾĸ󣬲֪ΪҪıأ
ʮһ˵λãȴûԸ⿿Ҳû˸ҿΪոһҪѰӻļһһӳֱӺ˳ȥˤڲԶû
һٶʹúöవй۲ķˮʦʱԭ룬׷ײҿ׷Χ֮ڣ
Ϊİ˵İȫΧ̫Ϊսĳ棬ֻҪ֮˿пܻԷᣡ
ս˭֪ҪȱʵһʼĴıϾֻΪȷʵǸʵȥĴϾƷʦʵǰأ֮ǰ۾Ŀǰ֪ʵǿĸˣ
ڼʶʮһͰһд۾֮˲ϣսǶȥ˭˭Ӯʱǰȫģ˵ܶվһᣬζŻõʿܻһ㣡
Ժȥйǿˮ֮ģ˵ԼһˮԵʮǿʮǿⶼһҫһ
գ֮Ѿ߰˸˱ڵˣżܵʮһǸ򵹵ģڳϻվŵֻжʮӣķڳؼ٣
Ĵ㣬ʮһкǲ⣬ǺܺԼôЩˮʦϾˣôԼ


357 ȥ
ѲǾ̫ʢûطйˣҲЩЩܹ黹ǻһİ
ԣʮһͻȻ˫һȵȥֱǣҶԸϹѩͰʶԸ磬㾯䣬ñ˳û˿ӣ
Ȼʮһ˵ʲô˼Ǽ˿ʮһѾȳ˳ȥҲȫһӭȥʱײһһЩڿ֧ŻĴӴܵķˮʦǿԳĺһˣ
Ǻǣ𣿿ϧѾˣʲôصֶΣƷҲҪʤƷʦֱǳ˵Σʮһӭһȭ֮Ц˵
үСүھͽôˣʮһһα𣬶չĹ
ٶˣʵ̫ˣǲм˦˦ͷ˵ѿϧΪϾҪˣ
ĻʮһһݣϾ֮Ǳ߿һ£ȻʺϹѩ˷ɹͺǸһƮ˵ÿһιᱻȥҿӺ񻹺ɣһֻϷˣèһ
㻹һֻͲͣعʮһȻеİǣȴֳϹͣϳ˶Էһ䡣
飡
ȻһȭʮһȭͷϣһƵʮһޱĶ
ûĸˣȥɣ˺ʮһг޾ĳ˫ֽǰһָʲô˲仳Զɳŷڿкǹγһ˵״
ܷ⣡
һȣǼСֽ˲䳯ʮһʮһ˫üһ壬ֹûɵýǲ̤΢΢һ˹ȥȻѣԽʮһӵֽ˾Ȼٶ۷ٴʮһ
ʲôͣʮһмƲһ죬ĳʱֹֽˣʮһڿлĻһԲ峿԰˴̫һ
ۣ
һԲ֮ʮһ͵ǰһǼֽ˶ʱ˳ȥһιƵģʱֵķҲպýɣնʹ˳ȥֻһâֱֱȥ
ǺǣҰ֮Ҳ棿ȴǶһһ㶼ں˫ָϱ任ָı任Ǽֽ˾Ȼʮһڷɵ;лƣ
ﬣ
֪ͻȻһѴ󵶣ڵϻԭ޹ĵʱ˾Ϳʮһǵָôڵϣûмһ㲨
һţߵļһʮһֻգ֮侹ȻֽƽˣдҲѾ󿪴ϵľһʮһĸо
ߣŲʮһһߣ뻳һŷУҲκֱӾӭֽ˳ȥ
ΪʮһǱɵˣʱȴǼǵһĻ
ֻʮһ˫һ͵زһ£ôոպõĶǿ쳣һǼֽˣȻҲʮһ׳ȥﶼû÷赲סˣ
˾ǣֽٱסһɲǾȻˡߴߴߴȥ˸оһë
Ҫľ򣡡ʮһĿһɻԼһôյĶȥ
ôҲƷʦȻһգҲ˾ɵˣʮһķ·ţһƣܵĵһӣϣԶùȥȴ֪ʮһļı
ӵһ˲䣬ʮһȻϥֱײϣһӴڹԵãԴȥδӦôµʱֻźֱײһ£ʮʱ䣬һֻл㱵ĸоΪԺĸоԼźţ
ȥʮȴʮһĶдʮһɵʶ̧ͷҪȴȻܵ²һѵʹ

һ֮İ쳹أ˫ɲ˲һصѪĵʹһ̷·춼Ƶģ
ļλˮʦʶ˫쵽±ߵסԼҪλʮһ̫ˣרҪλѾϡһţ˾Ȼһ˿֮˶һ˵ڱɱҪң


358 
ȻпʱǼֽȴͻʣԭ赲סǵķһ̾Ȼֱȼֽ˾ȻһҲ»𣬴ֱʮһϮ
ʮһҲû뵽ͻȻֱʣھ̫ûȥڷӦʱҪȻˣִֻ֮ѡܣ뵽ʮһҲ˲࣬͵һȻֽ֪˵ʲôǻСһЩĺã
ʮһΪѾȥʱ򣬼ȴͻȻоһͷһһֽԼļϻһѪӡ⼸ֻֽҲһ㣬צ
ʮһʱŭˣСүûֽ˵أĴָݵҧƣһѪζʮһҧ˵Ĵָֽ˾ǰȥ
ৣ
һðֽѪĴָ˲ȼɻҽڵϣˤһԷĩ
˹ЧʮһҲٵ飬ĴָӶգ֮伸ֽ˱ȫ鳾һصĻҳ
ȻааԸңֻ˵ѾɵɵӿţɵˣʮһǲмߵԾɰŵԣ۾һߣһһ߱ţ
ˣʮһ˼֮󣬶һ߿־Ŀļλˮʦ˵֮ҲǼλˮʦηӦתǱȥ
ߵôҲ뵽ˣҪһеս裡
ȻһдʱʮһѾûаϵˣΪ˫üѾҪһˣתǱȥһɲǣͻȻ֮䱬ˣץסϹѩһյֱһСѾͷĸϣʱϹѩһڵһ˳ȥҺûǿסֻһ̫󣬻סϹѩ֮һߵһת߰˸Ȧſɳ
ȿȣе㲻öԸϹѩȳһѪС˵
ͬʱһֶŰʾһĳһƿƮƮûһǰȴǸܵŶһ˵ĸоһ˶˵ĸоʱһˣҲԥƾӭȥ˵ƽʮһһǴ˿̿ԷҲûʹñʽĸҲҪƻػȥ
飡һ촫ʺܵػһ㣬͵һһҪˤĸо
ʮһһǲ̤μ˰Էסļʵʲôܣ
ֵסʾҵĿڿԴڵƣһ˿˿Ѫ˳
չ˺ʮһĳһ͵˻ԣתͬ磡
ιھҪˣЩɳƣĥʯϻƵģʮһһ˵
ԭھҲںڲԣʮһıϿһ˿ϲŭ֡
Ϊʲôɻʵ
ֻǶ򵥵ĶԻһԵЩˮʦУȴǸоܱŤⶼʲôʱˣôˣһ˶ԷѵӣһȴǴ˶ԷѣյӰеڲӦö˵ֱӰε
ȻʮһĻȴ֤ʵǵ뷨ûдֻǲӰֱӾʹѣ
Ϊ˵ˣһҵĴС㣬ôһʱ֮ҪܹģʮһȻûκɫʵĲ
Ǯ˫㣡ǲΪȻ˵ǮͲ⣡
һ˵ȴõֵܣʮһûĻƵģҲһ˲ñ
Ȼ㲻ҵĶֵģҡҡͷ֮ûвмеȴֻǰˣ
ʮһһ㶣ְһֹ¶İˣһ˹¶һط˺ܶһ㡣
ȻΪֻƷʦľ磬ȴȻƥеģƺһֻС
ԣΪֵұҪӮʮһһһٵ˵֮дЩᶨЩɣ
Ǿóʵɣ˵α㻯һĨӰֱʮһϮ
ʮһͷǰ磬˿̼ԼϮҲ˿ĵǲһȻ˫֮в֪ʱѾ˼ŷбһڣ˦ȥŷͬʱӭϮǵģӰ
飬飡
ըˣȻѣȴû赲һģΣʮһӳŷȻĽǰͬƮƮһĳ


359 
侳ʮһеĸܵһƵ̧ž֮緢
ۣ
һȻʮһʹȥжȻѣ˫ĲеȻжȥһֵʮһӻ󻬳ȥ
ʮһһҧҽȻ£顱һʮһһŵ£ʮһԶĵطը˿һˮʦܲɵˮʦ˰ֻԭأ
ҵȣߵķˮʦʹĴţô飬úõĿֿû˰ȡ
ԭʮһ֮ǹɴͨҽŵ£ûǸù´˳жȥ˰ȣһʱŴ̱ǵѪζ
Ǹߵķˮʦڵ֮ǮϸϽԸԱǰȥڹԱùˮʦȥʱڣûжʮһҲûжվŵˮʦҲûжͺڵŹԱƵģ
ȻȻԽסһƣǳֻͣ⻰վŵڶˮʦȴȻһǰ֮ǰ˶Ǳһĵĵȥֻʮһˣ
ֻô֪ʮһʵĸܣһ֮Ȼͨƺʹص˫ж˺ܶ࣬ǴʱʮһǸоڵ;Ƶģ
ղΪû֪֪ûжΪҪû޸һ¾
ȷʵҪȴôһƾͿԵģʮһһȻ˵
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360 ھ
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֮ԻѡǰΪ΢Զһ㱬ըĻҲڳ̫ǿȻֻʮһһԸ
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飡
ٴˤڵϵʮһվֿ˿Ѫ˫֮дһĨЦ⿴Ŷ硣
ǺǣȻˣھλþ͸ˣ翴ʮһЦĿҲ̹Ȼ˵
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361 ǿ
Ȼˣ˭ԼˣȴνĻ˻֡
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һҸʲôǸͿˣȴǺܲ˵
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Ҷûһ֮ҲֻȴǶܸȤӼתͷԼæԼղżʶֶΣΪԼûǸʵȥ
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ǵڶǵʮһٴ˵Ƿˣǹ죬ԼСܣȴһ㶼⣬ƺԼôһͣǴ󰡣
ǽ˴δǻϣʣ磬ʮһ˾6֣ٽεĶóյھҲ״Ԫǰʣ磬̽ʮһãǮϽõĽ˳ϾǱߺкöûǼ˵ĶԻء


362 
վͳɸʬˣʮһƳһ۵Ծɱ֮ŵĴӣһ֣ƾˣʮһûҪɱģϾҲֻΪȡΣһѵͿˣ
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ȿȣҪлCCTVˮЭTVԼTVһɤӣ˵ĻȴǲǮ
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ģϹǴСǿɱҵ˻ûأʮһıΪԼˣرסıİοš
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ôǴʦʦĽУҲϰߣԸĻͽְɣʮһЦǺǵĻشȻϵôԼͲһ߸ϵӣ
ǺǣȻҾͲˣ룡ӢʮһĻ󣬲ûֵ˵ʮһԸԼλδǷˮʦ˳ΪѣԼڼеĵλкܴİ
״ʦǴӦҵģɲʳ԰ǡڴʱǸʮһģһͷͷĻ֮Ů˹
ǺǣôأĳżСأʺǺһЦŮ޷ܵģοһ涼Ů
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ֹʶ𣡡˵ô֣
𣡡ӢۿʮһѯʵĿҲǺݺݵĵ˵ͷ
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363 ͽ
ĳӢۺͼݺݵص˶ԷһۺҲֻøȥǲ֪ǣǰʮһͰʶ˴ʱСβܻΪ£ļгĻôԺķչҲǺܺã
һ˷ֿ֮󣬾ֱǳԷľƵ꣬Ƶ꾭˵Ҫһһİᣬ¼æȥޣϾӢۺͼóźڽĻԱǾƵ߼ĻԱ˵ϰ嵱ȥʱֻʮŶѣһӾͼţһССľܲģ
ڰºЩ֮󣬼Ӣۺͼǵ۾˭Ҳ˭ʮһЦЦ˵֪λʲôޣɷأʵҺͰĹϵǷǳҪõģأǶ˲ϣǸԵǻӵģ
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ǶΪı˽˵ģʸֱӣԥֱӵ˹ؼ
Ȼ״ʦˣҾֱ˵ˣΪ˽棬ǴʦԷģĺܶȨһǿʹõģһҲŮӣֱ˵˵ԼĿģ°ʵûüֲֵһ䣡
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𼤶Ұԣиǰᣡʮһתеıӣ˵
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״ʦҲʲô廰ȨֻϣʦΣ֮ʱָһ·Ǽ¼Ҳ࣬ڰȨҺܵĻᲨңȻЩڴЩʱʵɼʮһǱ߾ȻӦӢˣҲżˣ˫ֱָס˰ʵĸ첲
ʹ˼Ҳûõģ˺ֱģȴûֱӻشʲôЦеĵЦһ䣡
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ӢۺͼæͷǣڼĳĿǰĵģĵ⡣
ʮһìܻˣԼҲɹؽύ鲻ɵе㿪ģһƾҪȣȴǱһԵıƱ˹ȥ
ˣܺȾƣıʮһɻĿֻǵ˵һ䡣
ʮһıĻһȴǿгԷ˼ҺȾƵģ
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һɩӽеıͨ죬Ŀһʮһ˵ٺһ㣡
õģˣʮһĵһڽ֮ƹ˶У§סıҲǷԵļλ˺
ʸ磬ҲҪٺһƣһԵʫʫ״ҪվǱŲ


364 
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״ʦ˵ȫѸҪһУҲԸ⣡˵ֻǺļȴСĿ
Ǽȴǲŵôˤæ˵ʵܼ򵥣ԺߣסѾͷһ쵽ĲҾˣ
˳Űʵָȥһŭݵʫʫ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
ô˵˵ĿȫﵽˣӢۺͼҪύλˮʦ뷨ʵ֣ʺʮһҪύӵܵ뷨ҲʵҲǽԴϲˣʮһǲǶһ½žǶҪνֻҪԺȥ޵кͳ¼ҵʱܰҰѰ׵ϵӰѹȥͿˣ
һٷԵĵҲڣ˳Ժ֮ɢȥصƵʮһıȴͻȻӵһ绰
һһɳĵ绰ϲʶ÷ʮһһ֪Ӧǳˣ˵˾ʶǱߵ񾯾͸ɱѾˣ˵Ը֤Ͻһˣ
Ҷϵ绰ʮһסˣıһһ߽š
һ·Ҵææĳ˾Ƶ꣬ӢۺͼھƵſûء
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ʮһܾģӢȴ˵ֿܲ˽ǣղŵĽ֮󣬺ԶԷʵҪѵͼҾСǰȥпҲݣϾ͹ٳ˹ϵĻһܶ˵ע⣬ǳ¼ȻھǣȫҲԼģ
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ڸʻϯĳӢȴѾȥһ绰ɵ˴ʱأԼҪСʱܹϻ
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ʮһüͷȴ΢ɲһ£ۣͬ
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˭ûбҪ֪ԺлĻȻ֪Բ󺺺ǺһЦҡҡͷһҲӣʮһɽһĺһһȫ
ҹʲôֻǵҪһɣʮһŲԼƷôãߵﶼ˰Լأνûѵ֮ͣˣԵ޹ʵĶã
ȻǣΪҶӰԲ˿ıһʮһʮһһ㱩ߣʮһҪΪ򲻹һѾĸɵˣ
ʽףԲЦǺǵĿżѹŭԼȴǲҵʮһ
ΪʲôҪӦ㣿ʮһǲˬʵ
ԲӦѵһûҵˣһֱӶǶӹԣԲƮƮ˵
Բ󺺵ĻʮһһԼ˵ǺİԼΪ˾ȻĻǣһСӵĹͶǹ˧Ļʮһҿ϶ԼַӾͻᱻɱ⼸ǲûɵʵ
ʲôףʮһһʵ
ѵһ꣬պãԲֱһ֣һģĹӰֱӷɵʮһԣʮһֽӹһ£ȷʵʧһֱ꣬óһŷ֮
㿴ҹɣԲ󺺼ʮһº󣬵ʵ
ҪʲôʮһŲô棬ΪԷƽ޹ʵľͰһ껹Լ
ܼ򵥣䶺Ĺʵ̫ˣַ¹ҹܣҪշ䶺Ĺ꣡Բ˫һ̯һӡ
ֻ⻰ʮһУȴǸоڶװ䶺Ĺ궼ܣ㲻ˣ
㿴ˣֻжƷʦʵôʵȥշЩȣʮһѧԲ󺺵Ķ˫һ̯ڳһǸǲ㣬ʵǸǴ򲻹ı飡
ǺǣԲ󺺿ʮһЦһ󣬱㲻˵ֱֱֻĶʮһ
Ҳ㿴ңҾ㰡ʮһиţٹ˲һӵʱʮһȴˣͲΪҪԼ£ʱ䣬׼ĻǱ뾡壬ʱ˻ǻѻص֮ڣҾȥˣҲᾭܳʱںϣںʱ䣬ʱеģ⵽Ŷпܵ»ٶ壡
ʮһεģһǳԶԼӦˣ
ܵøҵʲôɣʴӱҶƷʦʵƴҲץģȥֻʮһЭˣԲ˵
һһö԰ڶսȵʱ˳Բ󺺿ʮһЭ֮Ц˵
ʲôöʮһһƵóѵӡ
ӡԲ󺺵˵Ȥؿʮһǲͣ仯ı顣
ӡȷûҿЦʮһȷʵǳ𾪣ЩŵĿԲ󺺡


371 
ǺǣԲЦһ£һӣһ鷽εӡ·ɵʮһǰ
ǲٿؿھԲ󺺻£ʮһ͸оԺкһƪھƵĶ
ʮһ۾һ¿ھŲٿǰĹӡӡȻĿƣ
ô𣿡ԲһЦĿʮһ
ҾֻҪշĹꣿʮһЩŵʵδ̫һ㡣
ǵģԲ󺺵˵ͷ
ǺǣһҪҵģʱɱڣʮһһ㽫ӡҲڣ˵ʱշĹô͵
ֻҪȫؽӡ֮оͿˣÿһʱһȥһεĵʱһֱӰǴԲ󺺵˵
ǺãʮһͷӦŲԲǷʲôĿأӡ־ˣ
Ȼˣȥɣ۾ԲЦЦ˵
ʮһԲ˵ı۾͸оƶԼҲͼʱ䣬ʮһ͸оһˤ۾һ£ȻķԼȻѾص˱ݵķڣһԵıһĵĿԼ
𣿡ıĿԼŬԼ޳
һ£ȰѴĻǸȥʮһȻı˫еĵģֻҪϽһڣ
գǹλ壡ʮһ˫ִһָųķȻ˶ԷĶͷϣһֱָӵ˶ͷķ֮ϣһֻвͣš
һƪ֮ʮһоһƺѾˣѾڶǿʼںˣ
Ϊ˲⣬ʮһһ鰲֮Ÿÿ֣ĺһ˲Σ
𣿡ıæܹһѷסʮһʵ
ˣ֮ʱǾͻԼѹˣʮһЦЦ˵侹ȻѾʱֵҹˣ
йл𣿡֮ʮһɻʵ
Ҳֻ֪֪ղŷһǿſںʹӿ뷿ڣһ˲䷿ڵ¶Ƚ˼㣡ıҡҡͷѸղŵ˵һ£˵ŰĿĨͺһ֮һٻСצӱʧ֮ʱĨıеĳʮһ˸߰СԴСצӸһǰ޵ظ
֪ҪôСʰˣһģʮһĨǇNɪӣ̲ס
ʮһĶСĨˣʱһڵܲͣشתҪȥȴôҲˣСĨֱӳ˹ȥվļ϶ǹһŸģıʮһĨֿʼమɱˣɵΪĨ˵һ仰
֪ʮһЦһ£һתſȥһ˵ʱ俴ܸܲԵ㲹Ʒ
ءĨʮһĻ󣬵Ľһ
źʮһˣͷƵļһǸŷͷ͹ĳӢۣ
ƴʦڿˣӢȴٿʮһһ˲䣬ͨһӹ˵ϣʮһһֻȾһٿޣűһһѵģʮһӲˣôˣӸƵģ
ӺܹģڶĨϱˣʲô˵ŮƵģ޿ģʮһüͷſ޵˺ѷεĳӢۡ
֣ٲҾҪˣӢ۷ǵûվ޵ĸˡ
Ųٲٰ⣿ʮһв˵
𣡡Ӣ۷ӦǸѸٰ৵һ¾վʮһıһ¡
˵һôˣʮһתصıԣųӢ˵
ղҿ˺öһһĴ߹Ű˷ڣӢۺСĵĴţʲôµĶͻȻƵģ
ʮһɻʵ
ֹһüӣһţͷĹ߾ӢҡҡͷЩ˵
𣿡ʮһʵ
뿪ʱÿһҺüۣӾҪƵģÿһξҶоһ紵ӢСĿһǽ˵
Ӣ۵ĻʮһüͷĬˣ˵Ҹŷҿһ£Ƿʲô仯
ӢԹԹԵĽʮһӹ֮ʮһһǲɵó鴤һ£˵ûʲô£ЩȶѾˣϣ֮Ͼͻɢģ


372 ô
ʮһݸӢһŷɢһδνӽµ巢䡣
ˣٿɣһ䣬һ䣬ǰɣǾͻˣʮһӢѾѷϣ˵
ȥӢ۵˵ͷȻʮһֻȥһ˵ظȴʱСʱʱ䣬ӢȴһֱվˣϻһֱŹĳʮһôһ˵һɾϮ¥ȥǰ̨ȥˣ
Ҳ˰ɣʮһӢߺԵı
ҲֻۣǱȽϵ㣡ıҡҡͷʲôƵģ̧ͷɻʵΪʲôӢۿԿȣȴֻܿι˵Щôһûп
ȿȣʵٸʱôˣŸһɷģȴû뵽ֻһɷʮһεһ±˵
һŷʲôѵǿԿȵģıεȴʮһ˵ôˣ뵽֮ǰӢ˵ĻֱӾͲµˣ
һ۷֮һʱڿֹȣʮһıµˣҲͲֱ˵˵˳
ۣ
ıһûסЦ˳ɫĿʮһ˵֪ӢҪ֪ԼһϵĹΪλƴʦСô˷θ룿
ʲô뷨ָʲô뷨ʮһȻҲеǲ˼ȴôΪģΪԼжԳӢ۵һĥԺĵϼˣҪ̫С˵ĻǼ岻Ҳͷ
ţӦøлҵģʮһš
ʱӢ˽ʮһıһŷȥԼķˣ
ʮһıҲͣϷű㱼ŷϵķŶȥ
ʮһֻܺһı˯ˣı֪ʮһӦҪϢƣҲ˵ȥϴ˸󣬱㰲ڴעʮһ
ʮһи˵ͬʱҲеΣԼֻܿһϢһˣɲıԼһҪ֪˯Ů˵УҪ˯õĻӰƤģ
ϥ۹۱ǣǹۿڣڹһߣܿʮһͽĿ״̬뵤֮ʮһεȻҲأ˵ҪȺͳ¹ǴκöˣϾ߹ҲֻǶĸֻôλ˶ѣҲ֮ǰսʱܵˣɳѶǸ񾯴һȻ˵ʱһѪǶЩ˵ȴûʲô󰭵ģϢһƾûˣ
鿴ԼƲûʲô֮ʮһҲǰһ߶쾭·һһʮһܵľһһĵõ޸ڹһٴλص֮ʱʮһԵĸоԼסˣʮһùԼȥתˣǽעԼڵϣ
ʮһڵ֮ʮһȤĴڵ֮ϵһһźıǷ콣ڶһֻĹСӣصл죻ȴһӡģǸոյõĹӡ
ӡʮһǳ˺棬ǹӡԼ޵еһսʱƾ鵤ԱɱˣʮһеľҪоӡȥս
ĬԲ󺺽Ĳٿؿھʮһڵ֮ϵĹӡȻԼתתɢһȦһȦȻʮһоʣ·Լƶɢһһת
ʮһ񲻽У֪˶ãʮһͻȻоһŵֱѹ
ѹʮһһʱ䲻ȥԴȲ鿴ԼǷѾתȻ쿴֮ȴǽس˫ü¶һĨ˼
Լյʱ䣬ԭ˫üͻȻչϵҲÿΪ׸ղΪλʵĸоˣΪǹӡһã񣬽һԶĳԼУʱڣҪûκλֵĿܵģ
ȻʱֻһãʮһѾܿˣֻҪԻס˵ʮһţֻҪԷûгƷڵʵͲ£ҼʹƷƾҪ·ĻҲпܵģٱƵٴʹطĵز
ĥһ֮ʮһ㽫ʶ˳ڣ˫ȥȻıŵԼ


373 ˵Լ
ôôɵ˯ͺˣʮһվһ˵
Ҳ㣡ıʮһϢˣǸ˵˵
ٺ٣ѵڵҡʮһЦţҪȥȴǱıһȸסˣʮһʱı˵ȥϴ裬һģֱؤҪ࣡
ʮһͷһԼɵһ£ԼǸʲôˣôӣԭúõһ·ڵãѪȾˣҲ֪ԼĻ˭ģ
·ϻճ˺öĳ˿ȥ֮д˸Ƶģ
ڿһʮһ׼תȥϴʱıȴǲִ֪óһ澵ӣʮһ̧ۿȥŵý˳
ৣ
ʮһ˲ת䣬еʵ̫ˣԭ׵úһһģֻ۽ëϾȻѪˮɫͷҲѾˣǰһպ˵ӲƵģ
֮꣬ʮһǵһϴּϴ賬Сʱǰÿζӳϴһ¾ͺˣʮһǺ޲ôԼ
ţҿһ£ҵĺϴɾûкòãʮһԼɾˣϴּ
ıĳƺʮһ֮ǰǴбģı˵ƺпһƺ
ʮһֱ֮ӽţıȻʮһôֱӵĳƺǺߣȴûгԣʮһһǸ˰ƺҪ֮ǰıˣ
ıʮһĺԡƿ˽ϾǶѾôˣڱ˴˵Ѿôİˡ
ţܸɾˣıʮһĿһͣȻ˴ѾϤǺһ£ⲻ֪һߵ飬ȴֱӹʮһǿŴģ

۸ңʮһıûüӦϵԡѾʮһһ֪ɵȥˣ͸оһ˫ǿֱסԼĽɵý
ι㣡ıֻü˵ôһ䣬ʣĻ㱻ʮһû˳УһʱԡˮĽıƤԵð͸졣
һս󣬶˴ϣڴ϶˵黰֪г˯˹ȥ˯ж˵ϸҸЦݣ
ڶ峿ʮһ۾˯ļˣвɵһů̲סȥ
֣ıΰѼһ䡣
ٲ̫ҪɹƨƨˣʮһЦһֻûбѹס֣أıСӡ
һ𴲣ıĵİʮһһۣҲǷд·Ӷʮһɶջ
Ȳսٻغϣʮһ˲˦Ƥңһͷ۾ð̹ĶǣһͷмҰǣ
һʱ֮䷿սĺŽ˷峿ϣΨĳ
ȵϴ֮ıһ¶ǵСһϥţжȹ֮Ĵ䣬ȥȴԸ
ʮһæҡͷУ¶̫ˣ
⻹ࣿϵŮԲô𣿶ǵȹӿҪҵĶ̶ˣıʮһ˵¶̫ˣеɻ
ǶҶֻ·ˣ㲻ҲûһëǮϵ㲻ͬţֻһ˵ģ¶̫ˣʮһҡҡͷһ˵
뷨ǶأıҪ֪ʮһΪԼһ߳ȥˣ
׺һ㣡ʮһŻһϮȹı˵ͷ˵
ʮһνĻãıȴǷ۵ģֻʣֻ첲¶滹ֻǻã
ǸܵıĲʮһæ͵˭ôأ˵ֺʵ·ˣŲ㴩϶ް޿㣬Ҳ޷ڸס
ңûз֣ҵĿ㡭ԵıǰһЩʮһ޳ܵĻЦţһֱֻסıȥ
ʮһĻıҲֻεķ˸ۣΪҲˣտʼΪǳԲŴȥǰSizeˣȥ̳ѡʱŷ֣֪ʲôʱȻıˣ
߳䣬ֱ÷ķȥضҲѹˣֻǲŸոߵſڣȴһͣס˽ŲΪڴһèһĽ˲İΪ˲վһҵʱ䣬ȷһһûˣսˣ
ʮһãıȴߵͨ죬漴һʮһֱ¥ȥ˱ݴţıʮһһû˵ĵطʵȻǿǵǲ˾ǷſڵʱҲǵأ


374 ı쳣
ı⣬ʮһȴһ⻹ѵˣ֪Ӧǵģ
ʮһԲô˵ҡҡͷ˵̫ˣӦǽٺ̫ˣԲŻᷢô죬㲻ͬ˵
ı֪ʮһƭأҲûмϾǰʮһһۣ˵ڲң
ΪԼѾɹƭıʮһı仰˲Ϳ£ǻҪ
ţڸҿЦҾ֪һǵģʮһæǰһסıڨЦ˵
㿴ڿЦ𣿡ıعͷ˫֮дһ˿ŭ
ţҸһ£ʮһæһֻҲסıһ󣬼˵סķ333ţһ䣬м䣬Ҳ316ң밡˭ûܵȥأԾԲģ
˵ˣһĸ̬ˣֲ֪Ƿס˭𣿶ҾŵĶʮһͣºģʮһǳ׿粻֮ģʽҪ˵ıı⡣
ˣ㼱ģҲ˵Цѣ˼򵥵һ㱩©ıԣҾϲ޳ܵأ߰ɣ緹ȥɣıÿЦЦʮһ˵
ãԷȥʮһֱӱסıһһ͹ȥһ𣬲ʲôҸģ
ǣһҲأǲǻᱳңıӿǰװʵ
ʮһԵĳأûע⵽ıҲûע⵽ıǰʶҪЦһıشҲ㲻ߵģǼ뿪ңҺпܻһŶ
һҲߣһ֮ǰ㣡ı˫ͻȻʮһʮһоһ˿Σ֮ʱıǼ˵ҲһϿɵģϲŮ˴ң
˵ôֵֹģʮһǷһ˿쳣ɻʵ
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Цģҹֵֹģʮһʹ֮£æġ
˵ͣתȥ
ȻСӾȵǣʮһıŸոߵſڣͿ÷վڰ̨
ң˭ʮһôˣƲƲ죬óֻһʱ䣬ʮӣ
ôм£ʮһʱ䣬ɵóʵ
ûм£Ϣһ°ɣߵ²õˣ˰Ǹ㶨һеģʮһҡҡͷÿǱ߳Ӣҡҡλε˹
ʶһ£ǳӢۣεǴõġʮһֱӿڸ˻ţѣλŮ÷Ůѣ
ãԼֵܽܵģҿӺ񻹺ӣɵ˵
ãʮһӱ޸ϹӣӢȻҲǲᵡģҲֺһ£ֺ÷һ֣
һһЩҪȥܽҪˣʱͳֻ绰ҵ绰ͨʱʮһļ˵תԳӢ˵֣֪ҪʲôȥģҴС浽һͬһӵĽ飬ˣ
İɣֵֵܾҵֵܣӢȻ֪ʮһҪʲôȥҲʮһĿأ˵һᣬһʮһϵľѻᣡ
Сĵ㣬֪ڸͨ˲һˣ㲻ҲҪһµõĸܣܲµһ˰ɣûʮһҪȥģ԰뿪Ц˵ЦʮһһСġ
˳˶ٷʮһı뿪ˣӢ˵Ҫ鳹׸㶨֮ٻؾǣҸʮһԺȥʮһһĵ
ʮһ֪ӢԼһȥóһɷݸţֻҪʲô̫ǿļһûģ
˴ȥеķɻк󣬲ûѡֱӻطˮЭᣬǾı͵͵һȦȥ
ʮһıڻطˮЭ֮ǰ⼸úܷȥʱı˵ûȥ԰Զȥ԰һ죬˲ſĵĻص˷ˮЭıݣǾȥˮЭᣬȥҲûʲô塣
Ϣǰⲻһսһսǻ찵أ޹⣬ֱȫצһ˴һˣ


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һᣡʮһԺ˵
ֻǱһʮһͿʼˣ
ٺ٣ڳһٳȥɣȻʱкܶ˸ţҪʲôҲܲģʮһͿıĶ˵
˵㣡ıߵ˵峿⣬ٴοʼˣ
緢˷ˮЭʱøǮԼüϻһĸߴһȺ߳
Ϊʲô˵һȺأΪеĳͰ֮⣬кܶˣȻҪŵģϹѩͻҲǸŵģʫʫ͸һҪŵˣԵԭҪȥ׻ѹĶСӣȻƺƵıһʮ˵š
ǮϼԭǲͬģһԼĸϼһӦûģҲʹӦô⼸ϼһ￴Ǳʵһ棡պҲкܴİ
ʮһı˿˵ʱ򣬴ȻҲʮһˣøϻˣǾ͸ϽӰɣ
ʮһǮϵĻЦŵ˵ͷıߵ˰ߣͶѯʵʮһ˵ͷ˾͸һ˳Żʻȥ
һںʮȥϵķɻһ˲֪ԼҪȥ֮ǰҲʹǮҪȥǮȴǸǣ
ϣĪϹѩɻֹš
ˣǮһξȻش
һֱкܶصĴţһڷˮѧҲһֱ˵硣˵ʬǲһǷˮʦģҲ˵ʬ˸Ƿˮʦһ֧ѣ
һôҲû۳ȻֻǶʮһ˵ʬǲǷˮʦһëǮĹϵûУΪʱıһ˯ء
˱·ϵʱúõزһ˯ߣȻĻ浽϶ôеģʹĸͷҪֵİɣԼЩ϶ܲ˵ģ
ûиоС⼸յʱ䣬ַһЩ仯üḧһԵһЦ˵
ûб仯ҲûκιϵһӺǲ˵ȫԲģΪ˵ŵδһҪʮһİΣʹаüЩϼһȻģԱҲˣ
ȻΪûߣǶƷľ磬ȴܸоСѵƺһʵ˸ӿ͸ˣüȴûһӻеĵƵģԹԵ˵
һҲ͵͵ĴһǱ˯˵ʮһ֮üëؼһΪƷʦ۷ΪȻȫ͸ʮһҪǰüѣһֱû۲ʮһһ֮ȴЩס˵ĸо
֮ǰܿ͸СӣһתͷһԵİüʵ
͸ȴܸ֪СѶǷΣգȴȫ͸ˣ̶̵ļʱڣС϶ʲôüҲһӣֱȫһӡ
ǺǣҵһŰһӸЦһдһ˿뿪ġ
Сʱʱ䣬ʮһı֮⣬ûб˯һȺһԵС죬ȴǶڽ۾ŴƯİƣ֪Щʲô
˻֮ǮֱӴżһʿ׼õģרӭǵġ
Ҫ۵ľͶϢһ°ɣͳҪʻʮСʱܵмֻͣһ³Ե㶫ʱһǣͳ֮ǮԸ
Ȼѣ仰δʱıѾʮһĻһٴ˯ˣ
տʼʱʫʫǻĲŰʲͣ˵ţڹСʱûлعһ仰Ǹоһ˿ģѿһ±Ҳ˯ˡ
˵һǸżϼһһû˯ģһ磬ǮϼȻҲע⵽磬˵ʵӱ׵شʮһ֮󣬾Ѿϼһע⵽ˣ
ϾʮһȻֻǶƷʦľ磬ǼϼһսǿģȴǱŰһôܲע⵽
ֻȴֻƷʦʵѣǶʮһĹƣǴ򲻹ҲٻǸƽֵİôҲôҰǰ˼ģ⼸Ĺ۲Ƿ˱ʱʮһ˵֮⣬ûκ˵


376 
ǸǸһʮһҲûκεͺֻһİһ㣡
ʵǮϵ˵ǲıģҪǵһִҪһԭΪ硣
ͳڼٵʻţڵȴǴ඼磬Ͼǲģһֱ֮ҲģǱ߻ûƷû˵һ仰ʮһıϳһֱ˯
Լ˯˰˸Сʱң˯ı˹ųгĸߺ֮ȫµ׳٣ıֻɨһ۶ѣͽĿⶨ˯ϣ˫֮ٴ¶һ˿ᣬ漴ͿʮһյƤһҪһ㣬æٴα۾װ˯ˣ
ʮһ˫ۣһ˯ǽһ𰡣ͬıһĶתԴɨһȦ󣬱㽫Ŀⶨ˻еļϣʮһЦһصͷı۾
ʮһԸоԼϵһɲǣı۾һ£֪ԭСװ˯ɵûĴһֻıСӣĹ£̼䣬ıͰסʮһԼǵĴ֣
ôأıΪ߲˫ۣȴ촽˵
ٺ٣ҲûҶʮһСĵЦš
˾˵黰һ˷׷׶Ͷ˱ӵ̫֪עӰˣѵûȫǵ
ֹһʱ䣬ѾϦˣǮϽ˾ͣһСسǣ˳˼Сݽһ˾Ϳʼ˭ҲûˣǮϼҲû˵һжòҪƵģʵҲȷʵģڰüǮϵУʮһЩСʶ۽ģʮһͰһСУҲȷʵôΪģϾи߸ӶأһƷƷǶţôҲֵǰҲǴֶѣ
һҳԵöǿģΪ˳ܼ˯þʮһͰʼ˻˵СƣһԵǮϵһҡͷ
궫Ϣ˰Сʱңٴϳ֮ǰȫ˯һˣԵҲѣϹѩǲ֪Ȥʮһһߵž޴ĵݡ
ֻϹѩƵǣԼôһŮʮһߣʮһȴǺûƵģǺıŸƽ岻֪ڿʲôأϹѩеˣ
ϹѩʮһˣȥҰȥˡ
֪ҹȻˣԺЩ˵ȴǱһɲˣɷ׷ֱ̧ͷȥ
ôˣǮűĿ̶ɲͳͣɵ۾ʵ
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᲻ǿˣǮüͷʵ
ῴģղȷʵʲôɹȥˣһŰɫģ˾ҡҡͷǮϵĲ²⡣
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˾ǮϵĻԥһº׼ٴӣȴôҲŻ
жˣѳŴ򿪣ȥһ£Ǯϼ˾˵
ðɣ˾Ȼ֪һǸʲôģ֪ǮòƲͨˣǰüĴ磬һǸɷǵĸģ
ʼգüһֱû۾һ£һȻ۾ȴúܵ˼ϵվ˾վ֮䣬վǰʵ֮վҪҲһܵʲô˺
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ǮڳŴ֮㾶ֱ˳ʮһıҰпԿǮ³ΧŴͳתһȦ˳ͷλãηаȻڴ֣
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ʮһ̧ͷȥָϵҲֳһ˿ɻ
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377 Ů
һȥǮҲ֪˾Լȥ϶᲻Ը⣬Ǳ˵Լȥ
˾ǮϵĴ£ΡΡ˳
Լʮӵӣٴλص˳˾ֱӻص˼ʻλϣȴǴһ˿ɻ
ǮϿѯʵ˵ղǳûˣñõļӺˣ
ǮϵĻһֻиȴüʮһͰ˽еģüͷֱͱһ˼ôˣ
ϳԷʱҿǳ͵ģжС˵Լɻ˭ҲɵӣеĻ󣬶˵Ҳһڸղȫվ±Ƿʲô飬ڰʺ͸ȫʮһԱߣҲʮһ⣡
ʮһֵûʲôǾԵģΪ¶һԣȻĸǿߴӣԼֵԼһʲô⣬ҲܹʱӦԣ
˾Ӻ󣬴ͳٴλʻǮҲ˾ԵλϣһǸ˾׳һҲҪһµʲôȻҴǵ⡣
ڵٴλ˯˭ҲûаѸղ⵱£ıҲʮһĻٴ˯ˣʮһֵȴǳٳû˯
ϴ󣬶磬ΪʲôΪʲôҲˣͻȻʮһͰ˵
ֵܣʮһЦ˵Ҳص˵ͷ
ʵʹǸ˲˵Ȼ˵ˣԥһ£ƺ˺ܴľƵġ
ԼֵܣֻҪǰѱ˴˵ֵܾˣȫҪʮһһָֻŰĸеļ
пʮһͰŵĿݺݵصһͷֵؼ
ͳ֪ʱѾʻһɽ·ܼžֻżļǺʮһͻȻоһֱ˶˵ĸоͻȻͷȥɵ䡣
ͬʱڳмĸҲȻͷһɫֶųβĲȥ˲ִﳵβĲϣžһ棬ʮһͿһĶˣʮһҪվȥ鿴һ£κ¾ѻеļˣ⡣
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ֻıٴ˯ǰȴʮһ˵һ仰ðʺ͸жͶĽ񣬡ʲôĸͷȥҲϣˣ
ʮһԼİŮ˵ĹģǵƳһĽİʺ͸УǇNɪ˵ôĽɣʰɣ
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ʮһֵıĻͻȻ侪ѹ֮ǰǾ֣ôܵģôֵŮأ˾ҲˣŻĸСʱҲܵҵӡ
ֻǸ˰Ҳûҳʲôһ£ϹѩЦǺǵĴ˹Сͳһ˿ơ
ĸһ˵ʲôʮһȴεҡҡͷǾͻ˿ƱȴСôͼϷǲϡ档
ʮһڼ˵ıֻΪڣҲǶģ˴˿ˣȻѼ˶ˣȻ磬ֻ˵Ļ
ĽǣʵһֱڲŵʫʫеĺչĻϹѩȴʮһǰ棬ʮһһô
ʮһ⻰󣬲ɵ÷˸ۣҪǻ滹ϣ
ʮһ³˯ıҪҪøıϣȴıС˵õģֻ㻳ﾲһ£
Ǻγ˼ֵǮϺ˾ǰһ仰˵ϵ˿αϲ֪˯˻ڸʲôȴһֱڿŴ⣬ʹһƬںҲ޷赲ϲƵģʮһ߾͸ˣֵıĻˣΪҲӮǮǵģԭ˵һһٿǮģ˵ǧҲʲôΪˮʦ˼ҿˮֹۣοķˮʦͲЩνķˮʦԱȵġ


378 
Ϲѩ˵òֵûǮ˵ǧˣǼҲһꤵǮѡ
Ҫ˵ҲֻǸˣǸϻһſһŵʮһŵĿ滹жأǮ˾Ȼˣ
ʫʫȴǿһһٿǮҲŶĵǿ˭ӮʫʫѾͷһֱŰʱʤȻʵȴһһĸⶫֵûϵֵҲûйϵһжÿ
ȻʽĶʵ⿪ţ⵽ˣ
ϹѩȴҲ̫࣬һͿֻǽͬȴͬΪʵ̫ˣϹѩǴΪ棬ʮһؾҪԼϿܶǿ
յĽ־ǸдɱķӮǽһ찵أ
ܵ˷Ĵʮһǰ濪˾˫΢һЩƺû֮ǰôˣղǸͻȻֵİӰȷʵӦðŵòᰡ
ӰʮһͻȻһŤͷһıλſŵСĨ裬漴ҡҡͷСһ֮ǰһֱſˣȻԾ뵽˳βֵǸŮ
ҡҡͷʮһԾԳһ£⻹вݵĵıһ²𣿷ôأûĸߣҲڰʵԼʹбɱУҲͶսƽ֣ûţķ
ʮһ˲֪ǣֵʱ򣬸ǱȴǶһҡҡͷΪղһ˲䣬ʮһ֪ʲôȴ֪Եһ־ӳ˷һĹѾҪʹ÷ˣΪܱЯķһķԱȵģڿԼķûжǶʲô˺ǶܵˣϾһüͷ
ǹףһӵɫЩأһһٵĶԵĸʵ
ǣһһĹףȻҵɷֻãϵɫҲЩأȻ˵ɷܶˮʦửǱϾΪĸߵֱӵӰ˷ܷӳƷʦķһķˮʦܱȵģ
һصĺһ˵εжô˳Ҳ֪ЩСһ᲻ᱻŵ
ǱȻҪߵ·ǴţѾĸˣ뵱ҿֱӱʦӵ˹ģϲΪȻ˵۾ƳһǱ˵ļˡ
һ׸ڵǱȣ˭¶ԣʮһǾԲԳµģһӰһ۸ϣǰԵ˵
㵣̫ˣСûôҪҳӥҪ׳ɳģһֱĿİüͻȻ˵ҵŮԺҲҪСһģ
ŮҪʮһûѾˣһܶһһüĻ۾ɵϴ˵
Щȥ˽ˣҵʱҲˣƲһӵѶ٣üȴһ̾ǵ˫ƺ˻С
һӺ͸üĻ󣬾һ̾ʲôҲû˵ҲҲ
һжѾע˵ģֻ˭Ҳ޷ѳȥ𻯳ɣ
ȻɣҪﵽƷʦģǸһңɼΣˮһѧж꣬δ˵ĸ˴ﵽ˾Ʒʦľ磡
ͳڻ谵ɽ·ϻʻţֻֻܿǿȵɽ·᫣˾Ҳҿ̫죬һûģϾ˭ҲԼЦһ˾һûպãͳأ
˵ղǸƮİӰǸʲôǸʲôɽλҰɣӮֵñҿĵʵ
˭֪ˣҪȥңϹѩ޺޵İһۻΪ˸֮⣬ͻӮǮˣ˵ȻͳΪ޵İӣ
ҪǸʮŮȥҲǲԣȴһηӣУһĹȸ벻ۣƷʦʵʰ»Ұǻֵ
ھͰȥϹѩɴ˫ۣ˫֣һߵӡ
Ϲѩӣܴûѡ˵ȥȻϹѩǵҲΪС¸
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Ϲѩı仯ǲмڹ˵ģûһ£ͷȥһˣ϶СѾͷҪϷˣԼˣ㶼ȥӰԱˣݼѾ걬ʲôǸˣ


379 þ
ģûƭ㣡ϹѩһЩˣʮһ˳ϹѩָȥʱҲǴһ֮ǰڳβϵŮ
֣ôҲѾͷƭأʮһıЦ˵󿴵ʮһûҲǶԼķţɵøоһȫëһ˲ȫſˣ
ҡȻعͷȥȴʶһ䣡
ʮһڲǱŵĸϼΪûзӦ֮ʱȴǿǳϵŮͻȻԼЦˣʮһԺȷڶԼЦһ˲ʮһоЦô̲סҪ׽ʮһͿŮȻӴƮ˽˼˵ǰ
Ů˵ô󣬵ȴôôľ£һʮһ˻еıֻŮ
ʮһͷ֣վŮ˵ڻֽӴŮ˲䣬ʮһоԼһֽŭ漴ͿȻվŻһȭͷ˾Ťһ
ϹѩҲ֪Ϊʲôץ˿ƾҪԼϻȥһ߻Żһ߶̫ͣˣ̫ˣ
һʮһͿıԼ֮⣬ȫ˺Լ˺˵飬Ȼһʮһȴûһо
ʮһ͸оһڿԼ˫ȥ˯еı˲Ϣʮһˣǰ¶ЦݵŮҲôˣֻƾʮһŬ˫ַ·ͲԼƵģһһıƶۿϾҪıķ۰Сˣ
ʮһдһ콣
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͵ʮһָֻոıӵ˲䣬һϺһ˲ǹɿԼ˫ƴҪıʧˣ
һϺȣʮһһһ㣬ֱԼĵ֮ը죬Ȼڰʵֺγأ
Ǽû°ɣϵ̧ͷȥﻹʲôŮãһº󣬾ɫ䣬ȻҲʮһڡ
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Сĵ㣬ڿԾǣԺܹҪԼȥģʱͲô˾ˣѵüëȴǶ켷һˣ
֪ˣĽܣϾղŵĸҲǸܵУһֵȴþȴĸо
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ʮһ򵥵ĸıһº󣬱˳˼֮У˵˭ֻܾıˣΪʲôԼȫ˻ıȴûء
ˣǱһֱŵҲûзʲô£ʮһֱоʲôԼԺУҪץסȴôҲץס
һᣬоͷҪըˣҡҡͷȥ룡
ʱ䣬ȫǽţ˿ķɣһԼлУɫҲͳٶȸˣյ߷ǰ׵ʱ򣬳ͣǮкһ֪ԭǵˣ
ǻҪһ·̣ǰûκδ߿ȥǮϿãȻӣ˽͵
·ϲȥţӦÿ԰ɣǰ᫵С·뵽֮ǰʮһıɽʱʱ·Ǹţİ
·κ󶼽ȥǮζ˵
ΪʲôϹѩѯʵ
ʱǻ֪ģǮϲûֱӻش𣬶˸ӣֶǱߵ˾˵ֻҪ뿪ͳͿԣźã
Ǯϻһ˦һŷɵ˾˾˫ֽ
˴ɻǮǰȥϺȻѡ
ʮһı֮䣬ǰ˴ŲٲʱͻȻһļµĸоɵͣס˽Ų
ôˣʾʮһԣʮһͻȻͣɻʵ
ûзʲô쳣ǲ̫һЩʮһתͷĴһ£԰˵Լɻ


380 ޳
ȷʵ̫ˣüͷһȦϸһº˵ͷ
·ϲûǽлﶼˣ粻֪ʱߵԣ˵
ΪʲôҲûУʮһʵ
ΪԹ̫Ũ𽥵γһƽĶ˷磡ȻĵĻشʮһ⡣
ȷʵǱ뾡ȥҳǸ˵䣬ĸҲǸ
Ͻߣīʲôأ˻˵ǰȴǴǮŵĺϹһЦߴټߣ
ģǮһǸϴУ𣿡ٴǰУʶʮһ˵
ţʮһƳһǰ潡ɵǮϺ˵ͷ
˵ǻôģʵʮһּ˵ƾʲôжǣ
ȻΪʲôôҰһǳڵòйģʮһݺݵĲ²ţһԵıɵһ£
Ȼһʷ߷߲ƽ˵ˣǼһֻ˵
ȷʮһ԰ʵĻʾš
ҵҰǵģϹѩѾͷȥ˵ûһ䣬ûӣ֮оͺǲͷӣһƵģС˵Саڱ˱˵˾Ͳԣһڱ˼ˣ͸ˣʵҪǴ򲻹ǼһȻʺ޲Ǹ˵
ֻ̫˧ˣ˸Ѿǵ޷赲ĵزˣʮһĵ˵ͷҪǷжǷ⡣
ɩӣ㿴ûһ˸˵ôNɪòǻȺðɣһתЦǺǵĶһʮһֱ۵ı˵
ʵĻıû˵ֻЦʮһȴǸоΪ˵յսƾҪͰƴ
ʼ״һಽקڸеϣͺ͸л˸λãøеΣʲô
ʮһӵĿһ۰ʺ󣬾ٴǰȥ
˴ԼСʱͻȻоһ֮ǰȻû̫ģȴǸоһ˲Ͱ
ô£Ǹ𣿡ʫʫһӴܵʵߣһѱס˰ʵֱۣؿڶԷСʵһС˵ģ
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Ҿϲ㣡ʫʫʵĻǵû뿪ֱӽһðʲ֪ôشĻ
ʱǰǮվסӻͷһ㣬鿿Ľһ㣬ʲô⣬Ҳüʱǣʡʱǻģȥʱˣ
ԭ˴ͳһĻڽ뵽ɽ·ʮһ˵ĶԻ󣬾͸оЩ־壬ǮôֱӵĻϹѩŵСеɷˣ˵ҲƷʦʵǱϾŮңֺãСûʲôΣգʱее㺦£
ϹС㣬е㺦£㱣һҰɣ֪ʱյϹѩЦ˵
УôˣȻҪ㣬վ߰ɣϹѩĻδһС⣬ûԼһߣԼֻһЩ£ϹѩΪԼĻǸеԺ
һߵʮһڿľٶ󣬾Ƿ׷ױԱӣֻǵıȴΪȥѰϹѩı˲֪ʮһıȴ֪һֲĶôͺˣ
Ǳӵǣ̫ĻˣȻ뵽ַȥ椣ֱ̫Ҫˣ޳֮
ʮһͰʵ˷׷׶Ի˹ͨƣȴװӣһӵĸϹѩߣ
һһ룬ɫȻԽԽˣ˺ȻѾʮ֮⿴ˣԷȫһ𣬱Ͼ˭ҲֵطʧȻʵǰʮһڣǶоûף
ҿ·һסˣǮüͷŤͷ˵ֻǮ˫ֻ±߱任ۻң˵֮ǰʮһںսʱʱ˫任ٶʮĻôǮٶȾǶʮ˶ԿóǮֻӡѣ
Ǯͣסһ˲䣬Ȼںȵʱ˿һ׹ǮϵǰһƬɵУڰ׹ĵطһССĿˣۿɼٶһһŴţָоͺһֽŴмȼˣƴмһ


381 Сʹ
Ŵ󵽿һͨʱֻǮϴһȥ
˾ͿһĻȥľȻǰüȺʵǿһҲֻһ¶ѣ˱Ǹʮһı߽ȥʱʮһԸܵòҪȶˣ
ǣһġ
ǵĿĵˣʮһıǿ˵СʹŹʱ˶أȥɵҲһ£Ļʵ
ǰСׯʮһ𾪵ģ̫ϤˣŲֹ˶ﶼǺϤģΪСׯ֮ǰͼƬҲǴ˴Ŀĵأ
ˣȫסˣǮַԸһ˫ȴԶСׯ
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ĨʮһĻ󣬼䲻Ը̧СԴ󿴵ʮһ󣬽ֻǰצıϣʮһգգ۾ĨĴӱɴ˿ɼ֪ǲЩǰ¶ģûеͷûкУֻգһ۾
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ֹյʱ䣬ǮҲ۾վŰü˵ͷת˵ɣҺͰüǰ棬Щм䣬ϺһʲôҲüʱԮ𣿡
ˣ˷׷״ⲻǷϻô򵥵һ仰û˭ɵӣȻϹԹԵĴţȴڸţȻҲֻѣ
˵ĻͽˣǮȻ֪е뷨˶ˣͰüŴׯȥ


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˵飬Ҳȥ㣬Ӧңıʮһ˵һҪȻһһӣ
İɣֲʲô⣬֮ǰ϶ʱһȥ㣡ʮһ˵ͷ˫סıЦڶԷͷһ¡
ιɱ£ҪȥʲôûҴкҾԭˣҪǸҲһģϹѩĶʮһ˵
֪ˣʮһ򵥵Ļظһ󣬱תз콣ź⣬˫ֱǰѾȥķǽ
ʮһ֮һҪһ٣Ժ󻹸Ҳ͵Ϯң֪Ҫ·еˣҲӦʮһƴЩ˻Ƶĺ
ϻˣʡɣҪǲǰȫ͵⣬͵һЦɣʮһûлͷ˫΢΢һ˵
̫ܷˣ˵ô࣬Ȼֻǻһ֪ˣʲôϹѩСıԹţģһԹһԹɶõԹ
ڵҪǱˣһᳰЦ㣡ı˫ÿЧ棬СĶϹѩ˵
飡
һʲô˵˾Ϳʮһ߾еĴ󽣣һ佣һ
ʬڴ˷ΪʬʮһóһŻɫѣ֮նֳʽָ״նķֽ
⣡ʮһһӦɣڿУ˵עлΪһĨٴʮһʧûʮһֱ֮С
ûʮһֱ֮еɲǣ˿ԵظоܵѪʬͻȻıӾͺһȺһƵģƵ
һѪʬɻļЪʮһһз콣һĨཻ⣬˾Ϳ콣ʮһ֮ȺѪʬȥͻɽǿ罣
ʮһһ֮¾ȻӲĴһӣӲǰ˺ܶ൫ȻͰһѪʬһһͨͨ
˾ͿЩԭѪʬʮһȥһ˲䣬Ȼȫת˷򣬳ʮһϮȥٶֱ֮է࣡
գ֮䣬ʮһӰûʮ֧Ѫʬ֮УƾôȥѰҲһ˿ۼȻѪʬӰˣ֪ӦʮһȺѪʬĳСͬڣ
һʱ˳Ĭһ֮󣬰ʵ𣬡ҰѷҺô뿪
£ûκ߶ɵٴ˵Ͻģʮһòȡʱ䣬˴վ˷ѵϧҲ˽Գȥģڶ˵Ҫľǰ͵ڣ
ãȥʰѷģʮһĻģҲʮһȡõʱ˷ѵӲṼʮһΣıһº󣬶һԵĸ˵
ðɣıĻ˵ͷߵһץ䱳ŷ䣬СĴ˻У
ʱʰ㣡ʿԶ֮󣬵һ۸кתǰ˵һǸߣ󣡡
ɩǺ⣡ʶ˵֮Ķı˵һ䣬ıֻЦһ£û˵ʲô
ıһ֪Լڿ϶Ѿʮһʧķ׷˹ȥȴǹԹԵİʮһ֮ǰĴŴ뿪ҲҪصڣΪ˵ǰȫģ
ֱֻӳȥʮһµ󷨲û𣿡ϹѩʵĻԥһ˵
ѡʰһϹѩС㣬ûʲôøеģΪҪļƣһ¶ᡣ
ʲô˼ϹѩǴСƢڼ֮ĴСݣ˸ô˵ʱʵĻ󣬶ʱ˫ֲָŰŭ


393 
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ǰϽ߰ɶ磬ͳȥ֮ýӦϴ󣡡յıҲ˹Ű˵
еĻ󣬳һת˵һֱ굶ǰ濪·
ߣ
̵һ֣ıҲǸϽסϹѩС֣ʫʫסʵĲ
·ͬʱһʮһȴһһγѪʬȺȻѣʮһγֻԽԽСİΧȦ
ѵҪôһȺɱҲ̫ôˣʮһԳЦһ£ȻһſȭƣһС͵ɢźɫĹӡ֮ϣڵظ֮УԲĹӡ
ʮһĸоԼӡ˲䣬ȺΧѪʬԵĲһ£ȺѪʬĲҲ֮ͣһ¡
һĻʮһһϲֱ콣ֽӹӡӡң
һλɬѶĿھ֮ʮһһȣйӡ߸߷𣬶žʮһһֻѪʬͷȥ
ۣ
һҵһ鶹һ㣬۵һ֮ǰޱȵѪʬȻת˲ͱһ̲⣬һ̱ǵĶζ
ǰһĻʮһмֱֿ˻һ㣬Ȼ˵ƾԼҲɱһֻѪʬͬɱҲвģ÷콣ҲôϽһӿһֻȻҲͲһ˳նȺѪʬתˣֱмӡҹȥͺˣ
ȻʮһĵļʱȴǷһΪ£ǾƺǰЩѪʬٿԼһֻѪʬ֮󣬺ĸӲҪˣôѧճӦֱӰЩѪʬŵƨܵ
ֻǲʮһôԹûõģΪһȺѪʬѾΧȥ룬ʮһֻٴδ߶ӡԵһֻѪʬȥΪһֻѪʬ󽦳Ѫһϣ˵ʮһǸнˣܱ⻹ǱһЩĺãһʱıأ
ò̾ʮһģʲôʱǻ뵽飡
ֻѪʬ֮ʮһͼæٻ콣ٴδ߶һ˹ȥֵʱ䶼ûУ
һ̣ʮһеᵽʲô˫ȭѵ֣ûܲסһȺǣУȫԷǳеڵϴ߶ŹӡȥһһЩѪʬֻֻʱ򣬾ȻѪʬѾˣȻŵѪʬǹŻζ
飡
һǽڶѵʮһоԼ˫ҪϿˣ͸оǰһ߹ǶѰʹݺݵˤ˵ϡ
ȣǸݰ˺þãʮһųһӵתͷһԼ˫磬ԭ·Ѿˣ¶ҲѾѪģǸղŸо۵ʱˣʮһֵͷ˿Լǰʲôƣʮһȴ֪ղһ¾ˤϹͷˣȻǻ֮вܻôʹʮһͷѹ˵ʹĸоϤ
ӻ˷ֱ˴һˮԼǰܵ˿ڴһ˿˿΢֮⣬ʮһżϵĹӡͷ콣Сĵܿȥ
ֻǵʮһܵȴһ˲˹ȵһ㣬ΪһӡеĴׯһҲһ⿴ȥǵ¡
ͻȻʮһ뵽һֿܣ𾪵ͬʱ̧ͷϷȥȴûпҪģһƬʲôҲ
ⲻܰǻڴׯڵĻܵȫԲϰֻҪ˵ٴׯڵĻôԼʱһڵˣڵµĻԼϿȥܻῴԼʱǸʮһվĥҲʲôΣյӡ
ݣ붫黹ǲʺϸǣ°˰֮ʮһ̲סһ䣬ֹӡַ콣ǰͨȥ
ʮһһһ߽ųǿŬع۲ܵǽڣҪһǷҲ֮ǰĳ¹ĹʱһǽϵŸָĹͼȻ۾ɵĶЩ֮ʮһߵķһ飬Ǿôʲôûаǽھǹͺͺģûлһ


394 ռس
ͻȻʮһǰһ΢⣬һϲ˽еķ콣ӹӡǰĹȥ
ںҹУһֶΧһж֪µ˴һָоǾǵʱ¶ûĸеˣһֿϣϲã
ھԽԽʱʮһŷ콣͹ӡָӵĽˣȿԿ֮ʱʮһǸɴľеĹӡ˫ʰ״
ݣ
ȻʮһһֻŸո̤ʱȻϮһ֧
ȻûʲôʮһѾϵһܵΣ֮ʮһҲȥܣֻʮһٵ̧еķ콣ͷҲתֱ˳ȥ

һʮһֻоеķ콣ϺƱʲôײһ£Ҳֻ΢Ĳһ¶ѣʮһǲһѾڹ֮С
ով֮Уʮһûмȥ鿴ܵΣһ֮ǰǸնȥ
ﬣ
ʮһתͷȥֵ¶˼ʯͷǷ콣Ĺͣ˳ʯķȥʮһסˣеĹȻӣʲôսթ඼ûУеֻһ֧عѣڻһˣ
ݣСүںڰлǿԼŹڳʱ򾡿Ӧôóʱ򣬻װܲϰƵ۾˷Сү⿰Ӱۼݼˣʮһ̲סһ䡣
˼ɧ֮ʮһٴĴһȥӦǴһʯң֮󣬽ŵһҲŸ΢һ£ȴȻûȫɾ衣
ԼߵĹѨ˰ɣȥԺһҪȥƱȻĻԲԼƷʮһֹһº󣬿ǶӫʯʯڣǼͬλεͨѡһ˽ȥ
Ѿˣǲͼ֮֮Ҳʯң͵ҳˣʮһҰοţʵĻΪĹѨˣҲı׻֮ƣʹ˸е档
뿴⵽һʲôĴڣȻܹţķȻ˵ⷽе񶾣ȷʵǸ߳ģ
һͨʮһ͸оӭһʬһֺܶܶʬ峤ʱĶѻһŻγɵʬʮһ㱻ǿҵʬֱѬĵڵϣмæľ
ľһ֮ʮһϲطǹǿҵʬȻڣȴǲѬôˣɵипľǸö˲ӹԼй֮⣬˵ˣֱһκθ״̬ļܰ
ڸܲʬζ֮ʮһǰУ˫ضǰеĹӡǱ˶һĴڵǰ
ʱеڶڳĻһᷢʮһе죬ΪǺܶϷʿֶͣƣֳ
ʱţʮһͨѾˣʮһԼУôҲǧˣֻʮһȴûиоһߵͷӡ
һʮһǿԼԽδ֪Ļ£ԽҪ侲ͷԣΪʱܰﵽԼҲֻԼˣ
ٴǰ˲һҵʱ䣬ʮһһֲ·ڣһڣʮһͣ½Ųֲ·ڷֱãóöͭǮ˵ʹھеĶطռسã˫֮һ˿أöͭǮ뻳к󣬻վ
ʮһҧһ۾ƺһܼѵļ̌ұߵͨȥ
֮ԻôѣΪվڵʱʮһ͸оͨһͨӿ޾ʬ͹ȴûһ˿һĸоֻʮһô򵥣ǲŻͳͭǮռسռһ·ļףȴʹʮһеΡ
ΪռĽȴʾӿ޾ʬͨ˵Ǵ󼪵ģȥûһ˿ΣյͨȴΣ쳣
ʮһŻվ˺ܾãһҧѡռسȥΣ쳣ռԵ֪ȴǶ˵󼪵ͨ
սͨʮһ͸о֮ǰܵǹɹʬȻȻ޴ˣ´ϲ֪ӦռسռǶԵģɵûͷȥҪ￴ʲô龰ȻʵȴǸˣ
ΪعͷʮһֺʲôûУֻһʯǽ֮£ʮһҲûлңתͷǰȥ


395 ڻ
ʮһе뷨ҪôѡһѡǴģҲҪȥֱһ콫·߳ɶԵģ
˻˵ʮһִ̫ˣеʱҪľִţֲľ񣬶˵ײǽģʮһȴǼţʹײǽҲ£Ŭһײ˾ͺˣײ֮һոµıû߹·ͻˣ
ʮһ˴ԼٲҵʱͻȻͣס˼ǰеĲΪʮһʯϾȻ˱ڻӣԼЩͷˣпĹҸոսɵʱȥģ
ʮһǴµߵıڻɨһ̵ۣͼǲһġ
ֱߵıڻһܳܳһڻʮһеķһһĴӵһڻʼȥ
һڻмСӣǵһˣеķϵ̴лðŨŨḷ́һȽȽ̫ʮһ˼ۺûʲôԵĵط㽫Ƶ˵ڶڻϡ
ڻӳʮһǼũҰ֣ÿǰһֻϻţ磬̫λӦѾˣʮһһ۱ڻ½ǺССҪϸȥܿǼСڵ㣬ϸһ֮ȷǵһеķݡ
ʮһֽĿͶ˵ڻڻ֮ǰǼǣŻţֵũʱϣ̫λӦѾӽˣֻʮһȴǿʱɫúܻ谵
ⲻϦ£ҹʱĺڰȻǱڻУʮһԸоǹŨŨɭôŨĴڣôҲǹһĴˣ뵽ʮһһĹѨð׻һһĴڣô³˰ü֮⣬֮˶ʹһƷʦҲ⡣
Ʒʦ˵ҪɱһƷƷʦ÷ʲô̫ͿõƷʦƷȫһƷƷûκƷ۷ͬУΪƷʦͿ֮ˣҲǷˮʦ˵Ȼ֮Ҫ֪Ȼ޷ƵģƷȻֻһ֮ʵȴرĴ
Ȼ𾪣ʮһǿѹ𾪣ķͼҲǽڵһȥʮһ˫֮ʱвɵÿһ£ͼϺܼ򵥣ûκɫʣһźɫڻƱһͰī֭һ㣬ڵǽһס
ֻʮһ֪ǱһͰī֭֮Ϳ˺ܶīɫϣҪߺˣ֮ǰСׯ˿ѾһźϮˡ
ʮһ˫һԺеͼƬ֮󣬻ߵʼվĵط̧ͷֱߵıڻȥ
ֱߵĽȻ෴ֱķСͼƴһģֱڻȴһһģҲ˵мûκηָģűڻԼʮ֮
ʮ׳ıڻȴǴŰҵȫһǾһֻһֻһͷȽϵش
ʱֻֻ۾ɢĵĺ⣬עǰЩѾΪ־ͷƽϰգ۾֮иǲʱ¶һ˿󿴼èԻóԵĶʱ񣬺ǰЩݵ඼ǺζĲƵģ
ʮһϸȥֻֻͨɫ˶һ˿ۿɼٶѪֻӦ֮ǰˣͻɫܣʱѾ˵ʮѪܵʬ壬ʬһһ޴ӡЩȥ˶Ǳҧģ
ʮһкµͬʱҲһ˿ŭԭƽ͵СׯˣһӵĻǺȫطʵе˵
ֻһʮһͻȻ˵ׯȫˣôЩڻ˭ģǸʮһҡҡͷԼ뷨뵽һֿܣǾׯ˻󻹻Եɺ֮Щڻ֮Ծѣϣ֮˵ȫú˵Կ
ȥʮһúһ뷨Ҫȵһ׶ˣ漴뵽ĻôҲζĹѨ˺пһֻ˾Ҳһֻţľ֡
ֿԹžУûʲôģʮһֵֻǣû뵽Ҳţĵزǻ̫ˣʲôϡŹֵĶܿõ
пһֻţ֮ʮһվԭؿʼˣ֪пһֻ֮ʮһͲһµ飬ԼܹԸֵ֧òƺʣ·콣ˣӡȻţǸĻǶӻ߹ȵĹЧΪԼĿǰֻôһлǲö˵һʱòˣʲôʱԼܹһЩǽܻţһЩھóҲֻǱͽЦˣ


396 Ϯ
һ֮ʮһǾǰ̽ȥһǸԸйأΪռسռ·˵Ǽס
˵ˣʮһߵĻǺܽ˫ʱܿȥ̬֪ΪҪ͵ء
СУʮһ˴Լһʱ䣬ǰ·ĺһЩʮһ΢ϲֻֻҪб仯ܱûб仯ãб仯Ըݱ仯Ӧԣһֱûб仯ĻҪһֱǿȵľУȥʵǼֲ̫ʱ䡣
ʮһǰͨаڷŵŵ񣬲ɵͣ˽ŲϸĴ˼ۣ֮ʮһӡҲŷ콣֣뻳ͳйֱؿں͵֮ô˵Ȼõλûģʮһٴǰȥ
ЩԽԽʮһвĸоԽԽǿңǱʲôƵģָоǵһˣԺܾеķ콣͹ӡ
ڷͨǺܳΪʮһͨӫʯĹԿǰԼҵľתģ
ʮһͷһ˲Ϣ֮䣬ԭӫ͸ǽȻİ˵ܿӣȴҪ֮ǰĹ߰˺ܶ࣬ʮһ֪ΪʲôҲֻԼľˣ
䣡
ʮһع۲ܵʱͻȻһʮһŵüæͷȥʱʧɫ
һͻȻ䱬ը˿һײɵιȥ˰ľֻǴʱһɲǺѺãΪʱĿ¶׹Ķʮһ
䣬䣡
ŵһĴƵȼһƵģӶıϵʮһͿڶһһըѿըѵƬĵĴ׷ɣʮһæз콣һһ΢ɫâӽɢԼ˶
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ԭҷɵƬʮһܵķֺ˵ϣըѺƬδȫڵϣѾмֻ̳˹
ݣգʮһһתܣ˵йӡרſƹȺӵķκεз̫ˣʮһֻѡ·
Ȼѣʮһת˲ǰִıžͿƬڿ衣
һ˲䣬ʮһǱģô׷ǰǿаǱƴ
ֻʮһ׼սһʱȴٶܵ˴̼ΪǰһγֵĲӣǳȺӵ󣬳ǧֻʮ׳ð׹Ķ߳
ʱ䣬ʮһֻоë亹ֱΪ־壬ΪģΪЩһ߳һҺʮһԽܡ
ֻɲǼ䣬ʮһжϺ;һ䣬ӡջڣֳŷһףһӣһճ˽֮ϣʮһ¼ǰĿյϼٵȥ
ۣ
һػ˲ŵЩﱼϮΪ֮һ
ʮһ編ƣֽ䣬ʱ֮ǰγһǽһ֮ɵĻǽ
֨֨
屻սʮһתȺз콣·裬Ƿӿ뽣֮Уʹýһ֮ƼѪĿͽһ㡣
ЩȻȥܿ£ʵսʵȴ޷ȺѪʬȵģʮһע콣趯ţÿһ֮¶һӱ롣
֪ɱ˶ãҲ֪ɱ˶ֻӣʮһֻǾڵҪˣǰȴǺܶ࣬ʮһˣԼʱûôĵİЩǴأ
ʮһ˼ֻٴδһ֨֨ҽԼO@֮æͷȥȴǴ󾪣ΪЩ֪ʲôʱѾ˹ҾҲѾˡ
Σʱ̣ʮһһ콣ڵϣ󵥽ŵأӾֻʮһ˫ŵһߵǽϣڽϣһֵֻ׼ʱ
Ȼʮһȫ䱸УЩܹǽȴǿһֱۣԽڵ֧ķ콣ֱЩǰʮһעУЩȫſɡ
ʮһ𾪵ǣЩֱӵУȻʧӵ֮ڣʮһͷֱӺһ˲ڼСͺһ򣬱˴ſƵģһһڱС


397 ʮһµ
ֻⶼЩαľļСʮһӦϵһһǿѾͻԭеĵȼƣھʲôʵʮһҲ˵׼ЩѪʬҪǿһЩ
һ룬ֱǿԽԽ࣬ʮһӦתӭŻ½߳Ⱥ˹ȥ
ʱѾ˲ʲôĲĵˣҪ
ʮһеķǲҪǮƵһŽһŵ׳ÿһη׳һƬʹ֨֨ҽ
ֻЩʱʮһûκιϵΪĻͷôһ£ѾбӶ׷˹һԽԽơ
һʮһԸԼһȺѪʬս֪Լʲôսȴǲ֪⵽ǽʬ󾫡ֻΪ⽩ʬôľҲô̫˵ɡ
λţĴλгɵ󾫣òôС󰡣ԼǴ˰ʮһһ߿ٵıţһ߸Щ
գۼ䣬ʮһܵǰ֮ǰת䴦۾һɨ֮пȻһͨͨûееֻһһȵʯţʮһŤͷֱ˽ȥʲôأӦòЩ˰ɡ
ĻͻЦĳЦʮһΪʮһ˿ȥ첻µزµģΨһµĶһȷʵе׽͸
һѾټˣʮһѾԶһ˿ԱˣǶǾԶ֮ǶɾĵطֻʮһǱҪǲȥڶεģ
ҲΪʲô֮ǰʮһټһȺתôһȺĪĺľһĽʬˣ
ʮһܽһ֮ͨҲʱ䣬ͽܽһȺɱʬһαľиǷȥëȻ
ʮһһ߿ţһ߲ʱ׳һŷȻʮһƵǣԭԲˬбһζɱĹﾹȻֻյϸ΢Чһʮһսֶξ͵ڱһ
ʮһοǣбȻûЧȴҲһ̶谭˸ɱ׷ٶȡ
ʮһŵԻһ߱һ߹۲ܵΣֻʮһܳһһȵʯ֮⣬ȻëûУҸţǰȻû·ˣһ׶ߵĺ
Ըֻͷ˶񣬾һŻߵſڶֻʯʨƵģֻﻻֻѡ
źɫŻʮһܶӲԾŸĸоܹ죬ϵɫŻʲô޴ֻɺɫ۾ƵģȺֻɫŻӳ¾ͺһֻպŵľ޵ͣȴʳԶأԼͺŵʳ
ʮһĽŲѾͣȻͷȥȴһȺ׷أȻеǣЩٸɱӴ˿̾Ȼȫͣ˾׵ĵطһ
ʮһ²֮ʱȴǷ֣ЩﲻڶȫϵĶԼȺţʶʮһ෽Ųһ£ЩɱĿҲȺſȥһ֮£ʮһһ㾪
ΪȺŵϷ֪ʱȻһ˶ͷͷ­Լһô󣬶ʱͻȻֵͷȻ۾һ͵ģڳ˯һ㡣
ʮһؼǵãڸոգԼշȺŵʱϷû˶ͷԼʮһоԵŵģϾѧôÿ׿ȫԼ˫۾ˣ
ʱʮһһĻҲվҲǣԼҪ뿪ȴǻȥ·ȺɱĹסˣҪǰеĻȴֻܴȺͨ
Pǣ
ʮһĥԼôʱͻȻһĹֽͷϴɵ̧ͷȥȴǷǿͻȻֵͷȻ΢Ŵ죬ԭ͵ĻѲ֪ȥ򣬴ʱͷȥԵúֲ
ʮһֻ֪΢΢ſһͿԸֽȻͬĸоһһĹֽ
һ˲䣬ʮһͲ˲κԥз콣Ĺĵ֮·֮Хֱնȥ
ﬣ
һƽʮһֻоֱһ飬еķ콣һֶֻǻδʮһüӦ͸оߴһʹһͷѵʮһӾͺǶߵķƵбŷ˳ȥݺݵˤ˺Աߵһֻϡ


398 ɫ
ۣүʮһ³һѪ󣬵һ䣬ȥ鿴ϵƣֻ͵ڵһģٴνڿתһȦվֻеķ콣ȴ˵֮ϣ֧ӡ
ȥʮһЩɱǰ֪ʱһֱߵԼһҵľͺɫղһһˣΪʮһ˫п˼ģ
΢࣬Ҵ밲·˵Ϣ֮أǻòͷˣֻͺɫʮһҲſ죬㷢
΢ү˺Ķ֪Сү㶾ǿһ󣡡ʮһһʾ
ͷˣӲɫʮһĻŭһʮһ˹ȺɱǺԥĺβƵĽϡ
龰ʮһҲһúã
ֻʮһȴûѡֻͺɫֱսƾżͨĸɱͶԷ׽Բء
ʮһһߺţһ߿ɱԵһһɱͲȥɫӲӲĶԿ⵹ĺɫ۴С
һ֮ʮһǸɴг˹ӡֽ콣ڣӶŹӡԵĹﲻͣ£ЧȻʮһһ㣬һһڶƵģʮһɴʹ˵ѧʱ˴ܵеĹӡשãҵһֺ
Ȼˬһ֮ʮһȵķһ⣬ǾǶԼʽɫû֮ǰôˣȻǱ˫ۿ֡
ʮһģвЩʲôˣ˭˵ֱߣһ˫վţʮһ͸ô˵Ϊʱ˿ھţ
ֻһ룬ʮһ߻һ֮ͿĲˣΪϺö౻Ĺһֻֻ֮ǰЩȥģЩɱ֮󣬾ȻѾѿαľУ첲ȣ࣬ͷ­Щص㡣
Щ룬ʮһЩԭĸɱﾹȻٴø֮ǰһģһܲʮһԾأ
ǰһѾʮһ֪ˣˣⲻ˵ЩôĲƨԼôһսͻӦˣЩһ˻ٴȫǲѧԵȵİ
ݣ
ʮһڻûס˾ֿڣеĸҲֿһȥ˾ȻҲʧ˺ܶ࣬ʮһһùӡЩҲĹһӦ֮
еʱﵽһʱ򣬱Ҫһȷķ֮йȥſļĹһֱѹţôһᱻƷģ
˿̵ʮһˣڱһֿ֮õһ˿ĺתʼ侲ķһĻ龰֮ǰֻΪ̫ڷŭŻɥʧǣ侲֮ʮһŷһǳ©Ǿϸӵֲķа
ΪĻôЩǿĴڣʼʵ֮ĴҲͲ뾡취ȥѰҳķˣʹһаҲкܶȥ׷ѰģҲֹʼʵһˣĵ޲׷Ѱų֮
ͨһԺʮһϸĵĹ۲ܱڵЩǺЩ
ּʮ֮ǻ첻ˣʮһһܣǾЩļһȻȥʵ޼ȴǻǻһ̶ϵֻеСѣ
˷֣ʮһ͸ˣƲͷһֻɫ󣬷ǻȻǱ˫һţĲ˵ӣʮһﲻɵñһ£ѾװһǾɱЩС󾫣
뵽ʮһвͻȻðһ뷨ɱ󣿶԰ЩﲻΪȥǼ˵ԼֱɱЩأøƨ
ʮһɵÿʼ۲ÿһ֮Ǵȥģʮһ̽еĹӡȥĵطֻǽȴǲʮһֱӵڵϲ
ȻһûȡҪЧʮһûκβˬ֪Լ϶Ҷ˷ֻҪҵĸطȥŻһɱѡ
ڿʮһˣʮһȱľˣӣ˶ʮʱʮһ˫֮һ˿Ϊĸɱαľ沢û󣬶Ҳûȥʮһ֪Լڳɹˣ


399 
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飡
ͷǱѣĳһ̲İ׵ģѪˮ׵Խ
һʮһҵһֵǹսϷõͷĸоѪȴ̼Ļ棬һʹҹҹĲصء
ʮһµǲ˿ͣһΪͣпܻᱻЩץˣһץӾͲˣԼѾ˲Ҳһ̶ϵˣΪһͣϻϱѪˮԽǾеòʧˣ
ʮһһ֮Ҳǲɵ¶һ˿Ц⣬ΪϲطȺĵ󾫿ƵĹˣȻڷͷͿһɱʱ򣬾ѾԤϵˣǵʵĵʱл̲סССļһ£
΢࣬ʱˣһ̫ˣҪһмҪȥǲԶֽ㣡ֹһ֮󣬵ɫνѾԵļ˺ܶʱ򣬺ɫٴĵĿ˵Ϊɱ㣬ҵ֣ûҵڣ
ȥѵģûڣǽ𣿡ʮһһ̵˳˺ɫĽ£æٴ˵ԣСүɱûҵʶĻ͸ϽԼ
먺
ʮһĻո£һ󼱴ٵĽӦǺһ棬Ҹź񻹲ӡ
ӲɫͬٵĽһ䣬ֱʮһ罭֮²ӿ
үʮһֱԼ˹ɵôһμһץֱץסһֻαľ󵥱һ˦ǦƵ˺ɫ
ֻе谭ôһ¶ûзΪαľոձ˦һɲǾȻڰԱˣһѪˮĸƯڿлδüڵϣͱɫһһʮһͷ˹
ԴˣʮһҲֻʣˣ͵ȥйӡҪˤڵϵһ˲͵һ£˫һŵ棬ҵļһ㣬ٵŵ滬ȥ
ʮһķӦ֮󣬺ɫԵһ£û뵽ʮһİ취˵ƺڶһ̲Ѫˮ͸⣬ʵȴҪҪԼ룡
ʮһĶܶȷʵɫ룬Ϊ˴˵ľ룬ڿԷһ£ʮһ֪Чﵽˣԥ뻳ȡһŷŽɫķѾӦٴĺɫ˳ȥ
ʮһӳķ䣬ɫֻ۾Ƴһ۾ûٵ£ܶûȥܣֻĻһ˶ȫȵĸ첲˵צӡ
ʮһȻĿ˺ɫжԼһӣںһ㣬ԽӲԽأ˶Էӳǵǲɵ¶һ˿Цݡ
ǾͲһ֮»ܰȻʮһûȥһȡĳЧڿٽԷһɲǣתԭ·Ӵܶȥ֮ǰѾһһͨСһڶӲٳ·
أ
Ҫɱ㣡
ոӳΧȦʮһһ˺ѷΰʹ֮ԼһʹѾЪ˹ŭʮһӲͣͷûлعͷȥһ£ֻƴŲţſһӵԶԶģ
먺
ʮһоΣԽԽʱȴȻٴ֮ǰٵĽкεȥҪӵļˣʲôΣʱںͬǰԮƵģ
먺
һʮһ뷨ͬʱҲӡ֤ʮһĲ²⣬Ϊ׷ʮһֻɫ󷢳ģʮһ͸оΣʱͽˡ
ȻоǹΣպˣʮһΪ˰ȫǰһξѡһҰĵشͣӣعͷСĵĿȥûǺɫ׷Ӱ
ʮһĺһһƨ˵ϣڵĴϢţһ·̫ôˣѾҪ;ƿˣʮһоԭˤϵ߹Ǿһ·񱼣Ѿôһش̵ʹ治һ˿ģ
ʮһǿѰʹ֮УִӻȡˮԼҲ߹ϡ


400 
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ʵⶫ֣ȫ񶼼ĳµʱоۻʹģһ㽫нľôеʹĽ˲һˣʹƽʱʮһǿˣҲ⣡
ʱʮһпʯϣ۾Ƶı仯ˮΪ޵˷䣬ЧҪ˷̫ˣӵʱ䣬ʮһԸܵǼ˵߹һһһ£
ԭѾĵļ˵湦ת£ȻѾָ֮ˣʮһһ֮˫ۣ֮ȴһ˿ɻ󣬸ղŲִ֮ûעܵΣڶȥԼȻû
Լ֮ǰ߹·оûôһΣʮһ֮ԸôţΪĶǽϵһͼͼҲһЩ죬ϵʲôʲôʮһù죬ֻ⻭ϻľһŵŮӣŮӿòȴԿľǻǰ˵ΰʮһҿ϶Ůоûһ˿֮ƥУ¶ҪGˡ
ԼŮӦˣÿǾıĪˣֻǰڻŮ˵ĿʮһЩۻˣ
ϸ֫ȻûıӯӯһգҲԲ֣ҲԿˮˣֻǿȥȴûг˶ıÿ
һֻͼͿʮһҪһĳ嶯Ůˣ֮ǰмһۣʮһԼǵģʮһ˵ֻҪǸеĿͼǵģûκԭģһֲһ˶᷸Ĳ
ʮһ֮˵͹ͼϣһǵŮ˰ͼΪλһĹ֮أʮһǺ˽ϵģǵĻǸʵҲ̫ĵĵˣ
뵽ʮһͻȻ𣬼ȻǽͼôԼпǽǷҲͼأֻʮһûȥǼžƣȴڶѵ߹ڽ޸
ô˵ҪȰ޸ãǽǷ뿪ﶼǱġ
Լһҵʱ䣬ʮһվǰȥ󲽣תԭпǽϷȥ
Ȼʮһɽڵ̵һǿ֢ļһÿһĶҲȻһʹӱϿûʲôϵҲһҪһ
ʮһǽϵ̵Ļһ㣬һȹŮڸ߸ߵĻеƤޣ޴ǰһȺҰޣȺҰϻʨӣбҰŮȻǣһʮһЩ档
Ϊ˱ȽһŮǲŮʱӣ˵Ҫһ֮ǷԴòϿûʲôѪԵϵʮһվţŮصĶԱţڹ۲һʱʮһҲڵóһۣǾŮӷǵһˣҲûκѪԵϵŮӾԲһʱġ
ǰŮ˵һ㱡ɴʮһȴҿ϶ŮӴڵĻôȻѾ֮ˣΪ˿ͨ˿ԱȵģŮӵüۼȻջȴǴһѪĲ̣ҪľʮһֱͲǽˣһǹŴˡ
Ƥ޵ŮʮһǸҿ϶Ůһڲ꣬ΪŮϵŵѥӣʱڲеģ֮ǰǲֵģ
죬ʱȫͬŮӣôһɽеأһȴʮһôҲ벻ͨģ
˰֮ʮһҲûȻҡҡԴʱȴ룬תŸղܹķȥȻ֮ܵôһǰһ·ڣ϶Լһʱļûע⵽ôԼԭ·ȥһٴμǸ·ڣʮһ߱˼š
ʱʮһı߶ʧţҲ֪˶ãʮһҪΪԼǷߴ·ˣתһ֮ʮһȺţֻǿ˶ͷ­ȴǲˣֻɫĺƾ۾һŻȴǻȻ
ʮһͣھʮҵĵطת䣬ӡ˷콣˵ӡа֮һĿãǱϾԼʹõʽ̫٣ʱվǲ콣˳֡


401 ˽һ
÷콣ʮһóйԥһºԼֱֻϸһţѹ¶һӷ콣óˮֱԼĺؿںǰؿڣô˵฽ǱȽϴġ
·ʮһϷֱ˷з׼һ֮ʮһ˫ǰضǰȺţȫǸ߶ȼ̧з콣һƻһ㡣
˵һʹʮһз˳ȥֱĺŶȥ
Ȼڷ콣ײŵ˲䣬ȴͻȻ䷢ˡ
䣡
ȺžȻԼˣ콣ûܵһ谭ֱӴŵķ϶˽ȥ
ʮһһ£Ȼû뵽Ҳֻһ¶ѣǺƾſһŷ϶ԥ˫ŵأ৵һҲű˹ȥ
ֻʮһٶȻз콣ٶȿ죬ոձܵһľ룬ȺžȻҪպϵƣʮһУȴһҲңƺ뵽Ƶģ˫һâ֮ɳһ֮Уûķ콣۷أʱķӭʮһ˻
ڷ콣ҪŽǰ֮ʱԭҪպƵĺžȻֹͣˣһ΢΢򿪵˼
ʮһ˫ֽԳʽָ״ұǰ죬˫ȱıֱ˾ͺһâ¶ıһ㣬ֱָڲ࣡
һиǰڴˣеȣΪʱʮһȻڲ֪һ˽һľ磬һ̷콣ʮһʮһǷ콣
䣬ڷˮʦûôûʱʱһλˣ˵ѾƷʦľ磬һаսУзʣʴԼ˧͹һ߸սľֻʣλƷʦλƷʦˣʵϸͲԵȣԮȴҪʱܵ
ȴֻλƷĸ̾Ϣһ˵⣬ԵҲҲ
˾Ϳλ˵ڿԹĽǶȻŷ䣬һֻȴǷ˵ľãȻУƷʦǰһʹ󽣣ͨʺɫûκιâȥ⼣߰ߡ
ǵзǼǴǱϸܵһѹһƷŻɢѹ
λľͬʱкڶһӵϣҪڸ˻δ߶֮ǰɱԷȻѣһλƷʦʱ򣬾Ѿעˣ
˽һ⣡ֻλƷʦһ˻һĨ⣬Զȥͺһһ㣬ֱָһа
˵һ֮ʴʣ²ֻӵˣ˵һûɱκһʣȴˣԼܵʣΪʱƴŽǾģ
һ֮ɴ˿ɼ˽һһֱֻǴڴ˵еȴڴ˿ˣҽʩչ˳ɱУ
֪Ľ죬֪Ĺڣһλƽȴٴʩչ˳˿ܲ𾪣˵һԼ֪
֮ʮһס콣ԺлŸղһĻץʲôβƵģǵҪϸȥζʱȴʧӰ٣
ͷһѾպϵţʮһһΪϻһ޴󣬶ʱڽضԼƿζʳһ㡣
ʮһһݣֻ֪ߵһѣջ֮ʮһתǰƬ㳡ҿ˵ǹ㳡ʮһ㳡ܴ󣬶м仹һȪˮ̶ڹ˹˵ðˮݡ
ʮһ۽£̨ףһһ룬ʮһ֮кܴĲ֮ͬûκεֲĵϾȻ̦޺̨׵໹ڷֻտƵĻѵﻹⲻɣ
ʮһ뵽ɵʶ̧ͷһ£ֻ۵ʯ֮󣬲ҡͷЦһ£ԼĿԣҪܼĻôǿЦˣ
̨һڵʱʮһͻȻֶͣһն
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һƿʮһ˫һԲһ£һŷֱӴȴڴһʱͣס˹ƣ
СҪͷ𣿡ǮϷŭĵʮһһ˫ţ۾һ˿ŭο
˭Ϊʲô󣿡ʮһȻסҪĳȥбȴһҲûзɾΪǮϳֵʵ̫ͻأˣ


402 һ
˵˭һأǽŵԼ𣿡ǮʮһĻ󣬸գһ˦ŵһֻԼʮ׳Ĵ󣬴ʱֻѾʮһеķ콣ֻʣһСӻˣ
ϻ֪һЩ飬ҲҪôͻȻģصĻ󾫱ģѾ󾫿壡ʮһͲǮϵʣƳһǮڵϵ󣬽콣ǰʽ䱸״̬
һʦѡеˣݾܺãӸ˵ˣȻҲţǮǰ仰˵Ļ仰ڵʱѾһ˳ʮһδӦ֮ǰĵʮһļҲࡣ
ʱʮһŷӦҪӽһĲҽɵûͷȥȴǷ֮ǰֻһֻȻ˵ϲĽţ
ŲţǮϵʮһ˵
ʱˣʮһĵ˵ͷֻǿǮϵ֮лǳһ˿䱸㻹ҪôͻȻģ
ʮһִţǮѾȥˣԼֲĶִСһ֮˵ҾǿһȺ֮һ£Ȼֱӳˣ
ô򵥣ʮһǮϵĻʾɡ
ȻǮϰһʮһ˵
ʦһأǲһ𣿡ʮһʵ
սãֻһȺɢˣǸղзǳекҾѰ˹ǲһսͿţȻͽˣǮһȫ˵˳
㻹˷ʱ䣬Ͻ߰ʮһ˵һ䣬תǰȥǮһ˶Ȼˣò˷ʱɣ
ʮһ˫һ̨ϵʱһб˳ȥֱӴֻװαװտĻϣʱһػڵһ
ֻʮһеĲҽûдȴֻдŻ֦ĸ֮
ֻһֻͨĻѣǮں̲סѵ
ҾǿˬʮһΣȴԵúǿӲ˵һ̨ס
ﬣ
΢࣬Ͷɣ
ȥүģ
ʮһ˫Ÿո뿪̨ףһáͽ֮ʮһɵסˣϤһ֮ǰǸ׷ɱһµֻɫ󣬶һһӵסԭΪϤΪ̨֮ǰȫûһǮҲûΪʱһǮϾԣҲһȻ飡
ȻһС͵Ľ磬ǴֱʰǮϸпһμƹˮ̶һ汼ȥΪԴˮ̶һߣ
ʮһǮѾȹȥ֧ԮҲٶ룬óһŷҲ˹ȥ
ʮһתˮ̶ʱǮѾսȦһҲȷʵʱһϵѾѪˮȾˣȻĻеһֻСһ㣬Ҳнӽǹֵѽѷ֡˿һѹסԷƣ
ǮȴںһֻҲʮһ֮ǰֻɫһһһһʱ֮ʮһҲǿ
ֻʮһȴǮϺҲǺɣΪǮһ˲Ѿһ׳ŷ䣬ȴδյʲôЧÿζǱɫһһˣ
СӣվǿţȥǼֻСʰˣǮϿʮһվﲻ
ʮһһԿȥŷһ߻мֻСһģԼʮֵĳȵڻĶһӺǮ϶ˣʱȥҧ˵ĸо
ǮϵĻʮһæеķ콣˹ȥΪоһǱƺֲ˶೤ʱˣȻĻһӲԼԼкֻ˵ʱѾ˵ʱ䶼ڳˣ
ʮһųͳԼС֮УֻɫɵŭһǮϵĹˣзһ޲ʮһĺУ飬ҪгһƬһƬպѪԣ
ңôأʮһںɫĶȻǲʾģҪ˵սʱ˭Թǿʮһظ˵Ĵʮһ
뼸ֻ֮иһ֣ʮһͷˣҲ֪ǮΪʲôԼԸ⼸ֻˣΪ⼸ֻȻҲʮ๫ִСʵȴҲ͸Ʒʦ̫࣬ڼƷʦʮһǲϵģ


403 ҧҰҰ
˵ףҲ͸˳ˣΪܹĽ⼸ֻ󾫣õԹȥһӷֵһ£ʮһб˳ȥһȴǽŷ콣Աߵһֻڷͷһն£
ۣ
ֻȱеûκʵֱӱһֻ͸ɢһֿëζʮһŵ˶ʱũ壬ʱɱʱþƾƿζ
ʮһĳĴһֻʱʱֳ룬ϻ֮ǰı飬ѪҺֱˤڵʱɼһж죬жôķ
գֻ֮󾫣ʱŵʣµֻ󾫾̲ѣǡʱ֮ǰյֻϿʼɢһرŨĿζ
ζʮһȻܲ˿ڿˮڴеǮҲǳɱ󣬲㿾󣬸ôʲôòרĴˣ
һɱ⼸ֻ֮λԴͣʮһȴǹһЦȴִŷ䣬ֻһδȴбɫķľ
ʱһдУϢɢǮϺһӸоԼ׹һƬԭʼɭƵģȫľݡ
ֻʣµֻСָˣȻҲǾ࣬ȴǴȻɵģ˵ǿаűɽģٵϢǵĿǣͺа񣬹ڰǶһ
һ˲ʮһǸֻʩһԵBUFFƵģԭһӶ൱ֻʱͱһӵĹѹסˣһҲʱ˵ˣģ
ȻֻǼ̵֣ȴ˵ڵһӲ֮ǰôüˣ
ľĹЧʮһʰʣµֻȻҲ͸˳ˣбԥķֱֻȥеķ콣һһֻ󾫺նȥ
ɾĽֻ֮ʮһὣתսȦֻգۼжϣȰһӽֻһȥȺŹֻɫ󣬵ȻֻʮһĴѡ
ɫῴ˼һֺ𣬴һţһҺֱǮϵͬʱһֻצ͵Լǰôһ£ֻһõӰǰĸֳǮϵķ˹ȥ
ʱǮñҺڵסʮһд󾪣ǮСģ
ǮҲս֮ˣʮһĺ֮ȻײСǰƬҺ½еĿСڹĵǰ˼ٵһ
Ǯ˺һ˲䣬ʮһɫ¶һ˿ƵóѵЦݣʮһͿֻȻһתͳ˹
һʮһǰֻΪλ¶ЦˣԭôĿľǮ룬ÿڳʰԼԼĳ޻Ǵ󰡣
ֻʮһȻֻɫ˹ȴһҲңȵ̣
ʮһĻһ˲䣬ɫ͸оһʹͷȥȴǷֻžȻѾѪģ֪һִżģֱӴ̴ֻƣ
Ǹɫдĺ⣬ֻһССĶƷʦȴһһεˣܲޣܲŭ
αôĻأʮһԷеĺ⣬ȴǿĵЦˣֻ˵ĻȴǸˣ
㲻ôɵΪСүԴŷֻô㹦Чɣ֪СүΪʲôһֱû߶𣿡ʮһɫǵ۾Լһ۶ԷĽ£ԭʱ޸ţȴҲ⣬˵ΪҾ뿴ˣӣôҧҰ
ʮһĻ󣬱˵ɫˣոհҺӰԺһ¶˵˵Ǯ϶оʮһ޳ܣ
ҪǿʮһԼߵˣǮ϶ȥʮһƣʵ̫ˣ̫ˣ
ʮһǮѾӮ˹ٴɫսһҲǰһҺСүһ֣
ֻʮһתһӵսȦ֮ǰĵƮһ仰һĺɫߵĻҾϲ㲻ˬ򲻵ҵӣ
ʮһˬˣȴǿǮˣƺΪܵʮһϵĴ̼ڼ֮˵裬ɫˣÿһÿһԶƴȥǮ϶ĹжĹǮڶԺֻܱ֮Ŀʼ˷أ


404 
Ͼһ仰˵еţҲ²Ҫİ
ʮһһӵսֺ󣬳䵱͵ϮĽɫֻһӴ¶յôһ˲䣬ͱȥӳȥбȻûһӵֻ󻹱Ҫȥܣ
ΪʮһץһŽɫ䣬ŷɢѹֻܵһ˿ΣյϢ
ʮһóŽɫʱǱ߱ѾߵĺɫӲܿˣΪ֮ǰ˹жҽжҽĹǱȱҪǿģֻ仭ΪʮһڵʵǻһŷͻһգʮһֻţһѾֻɫˣʣµһʮһҲֻóŻ˵Ķѡ
Ͼȷ򲻵ѵʱʮһ׵ʹأóĿľΪֻһӽս󣬺Ҫʱ̷ֳԼĻһӴҲͻ˳
ȻӲʱ䣬ֻѾһӴˣʱѾǿ֮ĩˣҲֻʱѣ
ʮһٴץסյһ̳ʱһҲǽеĵӵ˳ãһӴֻĲС
ʮһҲһӽӴԷӵʱз콣һӴֻУ
ۣۣ
ѪԭǶ˽صһɲǣѪֻҲѵһˤ˵ϣһص̳
먺
ֻɫĿзһַŭĽк˶ϤһϢһ£ֱӭźɫ˹ȥ
һʮһȴǺܴѡԹֻۣ֪ĳ޾ҪǿԼȥĻпһҪ֮ǰԼطˣ˵ˣһӺǮ϶ҲԸ㶨ֻ
ʮһȥȵսΧ㳡ʮһߵúһȦ֮Ѿʮˣûȵսȴǻѽѷ֣Ȼڴڻȫ״̬ɫͺƵģս˲䱬ѹƵģ
ʮһתһȦ󣬷㳡ԼǮϽڣͨĳмͻأˮ̶֮⣬ĶһҪ˵еĻǾͨԵĵϣôһĶ
ֵصȴǺ飡
ֻʮһȴܾһЩԾʮһվԭص°˼š
ֵĺڣͻȻʧ˶ͷС͵Ľ磬ṥ˵Ļͨͨͻأˮ̶ҵﲻأʮһһжһȴҲû뵽ﲻԾ
䣡
һʮһ˼·תͷȥȴǷһӺǮϾȻɫһβķˣˤһԵʯϣһӱΪ֮ǰֻսˣһ¸ֱ³һѪȥǱ
ʮһͷһǳ飬Ǿֻɫһβķɶ֮󣬾ȻٴתͷԼҪݵ
һ̣ʮһǾܾģƷʦһһβķˣԼǸ׸𣿿ɫβ;Լɱ˹ʮһҲ˲ˣз콣ǰ󽣷һָ趯һºȵһն󾫣
ʱһڽʮһȻһӣгӭž˳ȥ

飡
ھϷ̶ײʮһ͸оһɾӽϷֱһ飬콣ҪֶʮһսеĽ˴Žһˤɳȥ֮ԶڵϺŹ˼£ͣ
ʮһһӿſʮһµõ廨ѪɵôǿԳӾͳ˺ɫ
һУʮһǾԲκʧģԼԣΪʮһᣬʦѡĿܻŵȵˮ֮еˣǷʲô飬ֻҪʦ־ģֻҪǶԵаģ㾡ȫȥ
֮ǰ˵ʮһҲҪѡһǰڿʮһˣ޷˵ĳǰȥ
Щһûʲô׷߱ȴһִŵģִ޹غĴСأֻеǷ㣡
ϼһ㲻ҪˣǮϼһӷɱ˳ȥȻҲæ˳ȥȻڵ״̬ҲǺܺã
ʮһҵĿ˼Ѫ֮󣬶󿴼һôܲĳɫ󲫶ֻΪԼܵ˺вɵһ˿ů⣡


405 ս
һΪʲôֵһȥǣҪվսȴǷԼұ۸᲻תͷȥǳһĨɬЦݣԭڸղŷ콣յ̫ˣǹɷ̫֮ھңȻֱֻ۵ѪȫˣʱұȻѪģԿѩףǹͷɫ
ôû°ɣһǮһߺͺɫţһתͷĵʵ
û£ʮһԼȥʮһЩȻһº˵Сĵ㣡
һʮһĻһЦгѺǰҵľ룬ʮһɻһΪʲôҪӷôԶʱһ󼱴ٵĵȴէȻֻȴǺܺһ̶ܴʮһȴǷڵһɲǣһڵϴ˸źɫȥ
Ǯƺ֪ãڵʱеĴҲǸĳ˫գ߸ߵؾٹͷ϶
ʮһעУǴžֱӽɫΧݻһ㣬һһնźɫϵëֻգۼ䣬ԭëŨܵĺɫѾһƶİ⣬羹Ȼ̼ͽɫϵë˸ɸɾ
绹δֹͣһӵĵתƵʺӵĿˣʮһѾԿɫϵƤеĶʼˡ
ɫҲܵΣգֹȻûȥֹи磬ǽͷ𣬶ſĴһҺ֮ǰצǸ߸ߵľ𣬶ʱֻצӫʯӳ֮£˸ĺ⡣
ֲһ˫צӣʮһٿԼΪ֮ѪܱѵұۣɵЩңҿԼ÷콣ȥģֵĻֱ
Լֱ֮ʮһԼ⻹أæͳˮԼұϣԼ֮ǰ׼㹻ķȻڻĻǴ
÷䣬֮ܵϴһ˿ʮһͷˣٴ̧ͷȥȴǿǮϵĴôɫ³Һֻźצײһ

һʮһƾ˵ڴצײһɲǣ󵶵ĵϾȻôһľˣɵд󺢣Ȼ֪ǮϵǰѵʲôķܱƷʦȻȴƷʦУһֻֻצӸĵеˣܲʮһ𾪺Ȼ
ɫצҲδ̫ǿһ˰ɣ
һһһ֮ıָʮһΪƷʦǮϾȻɫ˫צ֮ˣеĴҪֻţʮһопܻ֡
ҲݣôôˣղȫѧǮϱ˺󲽷ͣӣֵ˵ʮһĿǮŵ˫ۻ΢΢š
ֻǴʱһȴǸֲʱشǮϣΪרĵĴŵӿȥɫ
Ȼ֮ǰȡЧǵɫϷǮϵвֻֻ֮צһ£ѾѪȾӸмţȥڶʱûиǱ˯˻Ὣһһӣ
Ϊ˽ʮһɻ󣬺ɫһͻȻ򿪣һһҺֻצͬʱǰţǰֻצӿһĵطҲƮһֻĳӰľצӣ֮Ի˵ǾצӣΪһֻõצӾȻһ׶೤
ʮһôҲ벻ףֻצôصֻڵģ
ʮһҡҡͷΪԼڲŵĶصĻҪ໹Ҫ󣬹һ콣糤ѾֻõצӶˣ

һѵʮһջ˼תͷȥȴǾ㵵ķ֣һٻվںɫĽ֮ˣ
ֻõצӣԭǿάס磬ȻһצֱץˣһܵɣҲֱӵһѪ͵ˤȥ
ǮϱʮһһӽһЩһˤ˳ȥһ嵹һԣֽסһӣֻǽȴһſվȣ
ɫԲŹһӣŲһλһĨӰһӹȥʱһӺǮ϶ѾսǮϻһЩҲԽӲסɫڵһһӾ͸ˣǮϻлѪֹأ
ɫڱеһϱ۾ˣ


406 
һ׷ʮնһɱ󾫣ʮһɫһ׷ȥһ˲䣬Ȼ˾һȫ֮һҲô
һ̣ʮһ֪Ψгȥⲫпɫôһ˲䣬ȻȻĽʹз콣У׷꽣Ϊ·֮ƣ

콣ںɫצץ֮ǰ˶ԷҺͶԷǼӲޱȵצӺݺݵײһ
ȻʮһǣһӾͰǮϵĴ󵶿ĵľ˱ߵצȻԼеķ콣Ӳ˻ȥ
ʮһ֪Լ콣ǿȴûô֪ĽУٿɫջȥצʮһԺͻȻӿֳһ뷨㲻צӷǾͱһ¿˭һЩ
뵽ʮһȡжȫע콣֮УһɢһƬҫ۵ĹâǷһõ֮СϾҪԵһ㣬˷ܲѣ
з콣ı仯ʮһȻҲܵˣֻǴʱȴȫûʱ˼ȥϸ룬ΪѾеķ콣õһŶĺɫȥ
ʱԭѾ˫ڵĶҲ۾ΪΪʲôôˣʹû٣ȴ۾һ˲俴ʮһٽźɫȥɫҲǲʾľֻǰצӭ˹
ֻצжǶʶģʱʮһⷬٶг˵ǺͿɬǵʮһһ֮ǷɻɬȻһλʮһҪΪǶɥˣϼһеΣ
ֻǶȴûпոʮһ÷콣ɫײһ󣬲ûгԿǿˣҲͲôˣŴ۾ֱϣһŵģˣ
֮󣬵ʮһٴξз콣ɫ˫צײһʱʮһһЩ˺һ֮ʱ˲ǷӦʮһɫӲܣƷʦֶİ
һ̣Ǯϲļ֮ǰʮһֵڳʣҲûмʹһȴ¶οı飬·𿴵˵ŵδȻѧɧ
տʼŻ²ϼһȴǾЩˣϾһһ޼ɿԵĶԺѾ˰СʱˣҿƺʹһֱȥֱһһΪֹ
ǶϾͿʼĻϢϾȻžģһʮһˣĿɲһˣˣһӵĸŵδ
ǮϺһӲ֪ǣʱʮһ˷ܵģɫԺӵʱѾʼ˷ˣΪһһεɫצԺ䣬콣ڲȻڷһǱĬı仯Ȼ֪ʲô仯ʮһȴĸоֱ仯޺ҸоϺһһһƵģ
ʮһŻһֱͣɫԺ䣬˼֮ıû뵽ȻԼԺˣһһݵӣֻǺɫʮһԸ
ֻΪ˷ֹڴһ֮ûˣʮһһ߻еķ콣һø沿ƺɫԼжԼķŭʧȥǣ
Сʱʱ䣬ʮһѾĸо콣кѾһµֻǸоϺ񻹺С
ʮһŷ콣ɫԺ䣬֮ʮһֺɫֻǰצѾһЩϸ΢ѺˣԼķ콣Ȼûһ˿쳣ֻʮһȴǸо콣ڲ³ֵ֮ûκεı仯
ʮһ֮ʱԺ֮ȴͻȻһСŮҵ𣿡
ʮһڻ콣ļ϶ĴһۣûпκˣƵʱǵȴٴ𣬡ôأǿϧòˣ
˭ʮһԺǰС콻̸ʱʵ
˭ҽõŮٴƺʮһ˭еǲ˼飡
ֻʮһȴˣĸֻ֪ǵӾеģ
˵ʲôݣ˵أʮһڷ˵һȻɫҵĵϽһ󣬴̤ǰеķ콣ֱ£
ҵˣڷ콣к˵ʮһоƺ˼һ²Żشģ


407 Ϯʮһ
仰ʮһ˼һ£һ󵨵Ĳ²⣬ֻǻȥ֤ʵɫһȻ٣ʮһæз콣ϸȥ

һ촫ʮһΪһ²ִٵӭ֮£ԼȻܵһЩ֮ȻⲢȻǣִٵӭȻɫһֻǰצצӡ
צӶ˵ϣˤһζ֣ʮһȴû˼ȥΪʱѾˣ
ˣٴδг˵ҫֻʣʮһȴǿԵ֮Ծ
ʮһĻһ䣬ΪȷʵǺܰ˵ɫצѾϸ΢Ѻۣȴîȫһһµû˰Сʱγɵģֻǲ֪ʲôŪһ£ֻצӾˣܲ
ʱҪ˵𾪣ĪڸոյϢ˼۾ĶˣǮϺһΪʮһͦסֻԵϢһ¾ת˹ȴÿʮһһնǶµצӣʱϵоǴζƿƵģһʱ֮ɬ뼤ǻ
ܰҴǰ𣿡ʮһвȷʵ
ԵǿԣֻڲŸո˯ѣʵֻһ㣬Ҫ˵ĻͿҪٴγ˯ˣʮһԺͻȻˣһСŮС죬һίӣһ˲뵽ˮСʱ򣬲ɵæ˵ǾͲˣ콣Ľ𣿡
ţǵأѾþúþûأСԴ˼Ƶġ
ʮһҪʣȴǿɫѾŽ˹һͬھļƣֻʮһȴɵͬھæٴνע콣߸߾źɫ˹ȥ
һʮһģѾĶѾһצˣСүˣ
ȻѣʮһΪһȻٴشɫʱʮһȴǿǰֻһ˿֮ɫʮһΪʲôҪʱȴǷͻȻͣס˽ĲһŶһҺ
ɫҺˮȻûйǴǮһӵսУʮһҲ³ôһҺӦиʴãȻŨ֮ĸʴǲͬģŨḯʴһпüŵģҺʴȴ֮˵
Ϊʮһ֣һ֮ǰ֮ԻôǱΪսֻʱС֮±ֻ֪ôһ£ŵĲôˣʩչʽҲͱĲôˣ
ʮһ֪֮һӱˣ֮ǰɫʱĶԻ
¿ɫȻָǣӲƴ·ˣһҺʮһǺͷʹģ
ȻҲֻһ˲Ĺ磬ʮһһӣһбֱǰγһŻǽǿҺȫˣ
ȻֻǸոտʼʮһбͬʱɫֻδ˵ǰצȻһ˵ϣԵΪ֧ŵ㣬ӾȻ֮ߣҺǽ赲Ӽٵǰδʮһǰ˶ӾȻΥȻɵķʽڿһתֻצʮһ
һĻʮһȻûпʮһǮϺһӸӲῴõʮһȴΪ֮ǰɫҺڵǮϵ߽йڽҺвӶһɢŴغϢɫ˦ǰ֮š
׳ŷ֮ʮһȱʧȻֽͣͳɢŴȻϢľֻľʮһû֮ǰйڿУŽŲƶ৴˵£
ʱѾվǮϺһӱΪʮһڸͣˣȴǿʮһٴľ֮еķ콣ȴÿ¾ͻǰһǰһͣٶȺܿ죬쵽ǮϺһӶƷʦҪȥۿ
͵ɻʮһһҲͣЪʲôʱһҵȴǴ˳
飡
ײըڶϵըһ㣬ȥȴǷʮһ֮ǰµǵǽѾ֪ʱʧˣɢŴϢķҲһײֻ֮üһɢˣ
϶ȥӳĲǺɫֻצһ˶Σֻźĺצ
˲ſɫӴӳײ˹Ϸ׷׼׼ǰʱȴʮһͷҲû̧ȵ


408 
˾ͿӵͻȻܳʦץһڼٷɱĺɫ
Ȼɫʹڼ֮䳬ײٶȣȻ˺ɫӣȴǱǰɳҲͣ
ǮϺһӸҪȥĲȴͻȻͬʱͣסˣǶͣ£ʵһĻе𺳣˵üŷûɼͿסѾߵĺɫ󣬸Ͳ֮ǰʮһһնɫצҪ٣ΪʮһֻǴסɫһ˲ʱǲ°͵ڵϵȴǷˣ
ֻӵĵطͻȻ˼̣һļ̴˳źɫβ˹ȥ
ۣ
̴̽˺ɫڣһ̽һŵСڣǮϺһӶ˲ɵʶļн˫ȣʹβм俿Ľģ
먺
ɫ󷢳һĲҽȥɵëȻҲҿɽڣҿֻһȫ˵СׯȻԿŵúݵ˶ʱϵ˯ҹҹجΣǹ»ҰˣƶֱŵĻɢ
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ʱֻɫȴ˵ϣٴվʮһˣֻһȴûֱ˹ƺڵȴһ㣡
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ֻʮһȴɫЩͬ˺ɫģ˵ĸоڷѽйһȦƵģ
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ţղֻɫһͱƵˣһﵹǺã类˼һצץˣӸоûаˣһӺǲˬļ˵
ܱôľЬҪа㲻ڿЦһʲôĹС˻ǸƵģǮܲһӵķϻˣڷ
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ߣһӰûеķҪǿǮܵػ󷨵ˣԴʱҲѾһ˿ѪȴԾɾǿļš
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һǮڸճһ֮ǰĶƵģߵķһ㣬ˤ˳ȥֻܵķ֮Ҫһغܶ࣬ΪӻδڵϣѾ³ѪѩƵƮƮڰУ
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þצ뵽ģʮһҪܹ㹻ȻһƷʦżȡֱ̤Ʒ֮ûʮһҪһѣΪʹٶķطʵֻƷʦľĻҲǸ˵Էġ
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˱Ǽʶ֮벻ʮһҪʲôأ֮ǰΪû뵽ʮһôҲȻûⷽȥ룬ȴʵǰ˲òţ
ʮһŰʹǵûһ˿ʹ࣬¶һ˿ЦݣΪͨЩ̳Űĳˢʮһ쵽Լľھ֮ǰʱܵЩĥһ̵õķӣ
Щ񱩵ԴݻκһƷʦľƷҲֵ̫ãͨƷʦʮһҲ˵ԼøãȴֻԼľܵôһ˿˿ʹܲʮһ˷ܵ⣡
뵽ʮһӷĴ߶طʹڵӳӯЩ񱩵ŽƷʦĹؿȥ
ʮһǹڷŰžжǿǮϺһӲö֪ǶȴԸоԼľ֮ڳײĻΣ
˵óһͬĽۣǾǶû֮ǰȫԳܵ˵ڵ״̬ȥܵĻ֪ºѣ벻ʮһֵô

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˶ˣοʮһˣʱʮһ֮ϲһһѪǴʮһ˫ۣǿף֮ģߵĶ֮ҲѪ˵ʱʮһһѪ
ȻʮһЩȴǺ޲ΪѾ׼Щײɢ˿ٴȥؿ
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һʮһǴһֲɹʵͷȥģΪ֪ؿƷʦĻƾеķһս֮岻ƷʦʵʹóȫҲǰһţ
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һ촫ǮϺһӵĵĿУʮһԭͻȻһ󣬱û˶Ԥʾγʧˣǵ֪̽УʮһƷʦҲڿʼ½š
û뵽ôûãûҶ־ֱʧˣʹȴûгɹ⵽ɣΣ¾Ҳ֣ҲˣʹܹҲضΪⱲӻ֮ȥӰþצĴЦţг˶ʮһӺͶһָƵİա
׼ɣСϣþצһЦ󣬶һԵĺɫ˵ͼɫһŶϳ˹ȥǴĥʹ޵ķģԾȥȥĥ
ȻɫɵǰһһצֱʱбȴͻȻܳһâŻȷӦֻڵǰצȴԼȥˣͿֻǰצԼԽԽԶ
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ɫ˶֮ĵ֮ϣһصĳֱʱɫŷӦǰצԼԽԽԶԼ屻߷˳ȥ
먣ɫͻȻ䱯ʹĴԭǴʱŸܵצӱնʹɫһ߰ţһö񶾵Ǳ߰ȻгϻԼѪҺˣǸһٶ˵ˣ
ôܣþצԼСܱ˼һնצӣǰһ뻹ԼЦţڵѾɢˣôͻȻֱǿأ


411 
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ֻһ˲ĹЩԭѾʼɢȻȫҶץ˻ǵģץ˻ΪʮһԸоõʧܵһ̣辫ȻԶɢ˿ȫÿһϸҶȴһȺ羯һԼľУֻ˼ʱ䣬ͽеϵƷʦĹؿľͳʹ˵Ĺؿ
ֻʮһͻһ˲ͿɫŶϳ˹ȥԺԥһֱ̤˶ԣз콣ɾն˺ɫʣֻǰצ
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һȺòȻĳʿӿȺһκιϵȴǴҵļˣ˵ʲôⲻƽǲƽģǺЦþצĴЦţӰһ任ձһԼʮҵֻȴֻͨɫҪſڵϣʮһҿ϶˰һ
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˵ĺΰƵģû´ĻҲֻһѣ߷ܵΪҲӦ޵ĲŶԣʮһмĿһۼʵĻɫз콣˸ɫâңңָԷ
ߣˣɱ㻹㹻ģɫʮһĻҲنˣֻǰצǰӶ˼£ͺʦڻŷƵġ
ֻɫ˲࣬ԼһңŸͷı󣬺ϵҲǿһֻ̽ƾƣѾѹȵǮϺһ˵ƷʦٴѪ
ʮһȻҲܵ˻ɫǿѹҲҵ콣ǰֳʽָ״ֿʳָָ˷콣Ľϡ
ɿָ֣ͬ״ǰٵĻʲôģ͵һ㣬˷콣Ľϣʱ콣һ֮
ǮϺһӵעУʮһɿ֣Ǳ콣ʮһǰʮһ֪Ƶģ
ʮһ̧֣Ʒ˽ϣ΢΢ͣһº»ȥʱһѪܵĿӳ֮ϣһεεѪҲ˳Žһһţ
ΪѪĿһƵģʮһظֵĶ˲Ϣ֮䣬Ѫһɣ˳Žһֱţ


412 һã
Ѿ׶ɫ໥ӳķ콣ټѪѪ֮ʱ䣬ɫһһ㣬šһƵģڷ콣صĹţӳʮһ쳣죡
ǮϺһӻɻʮһΪʲôҪôʱȴֻʮһȵ콣죬һã
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ǮϺһӿһĻ㾪ͷּʮһ屬ըĶͬʱһҲǻɫ󾫵ֳһͬʮһ
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ʲôʽҲǵŵģôûʩչأǮСʵֻһһȫһӵϡ
ǮϵĻһƲƲ죬֪ʲôʽûһûأҵһμȥĸʩչ
ЩһҲֻ˵˵ȴ˵ҵŵľѧʤһ֪ģΪûùΪֻŻ´Ųſѧϰģ
УǮϲмĿһһӣ˾Ͳ˵ųеı仯ʱʮһѾǵӰˣǰĸǸһ־͵һʱ䱻ˣ
ӰȻڶ˵֮УֱӳڵĸӰʧĵطǶû뵽ģֻǮϺһû뵽ɫҲͬû뵽ΪǰĴγֵĹ켣һθóڲˣβͶѾ˦ˣȴû뵽ǰȴǽһ
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콣ֱӶֹϵĴ̵˻ɫ󾫵ϣһ˽ȥ˵ֻһҵӣȴǮϺһӵս֮ģΪǿǰҲǲսʤģⲻҲʮһý̳Ѫ
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ֻǾڶԼɫʮһһηʱȴǸеܵϢ쳣Ϳǲ˼һĻһĪĳ档
ֻɫ󾫵ͻȻʮһÿһֳֳָ˫ɫ󾫡
Ȼ彣һû뵽ȻĽУһǵõĳִвѧģɫټͬʮһʱֻԵľһº󣬱㵭ҿƺϤֽУ⴫иң뿪Σ
˵ΣȻɫ󾫰нãгʲô彣һܺ棬Ƕ󾫾ȻҪԼиֱ췽ҹ̷ʮһЦһ
ֻ򵥵ĸȴǴʮһͬʱ˵ģ֮Ȼǲö˵
ҾɱٶഫУɫЦһֻǰצͻȻǰ죬ֱӶǰʮһץ˹ֻצͬʱŲ󷽵ʮһץȥβһ˦ȴһȥ
⼸¶ûʲôʽĺÿʽֻôܼ򵥵ץֻ⼸ȴǷʮһӰ·ƵʮһֻѡӲӲ

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תۼĵӰҲѾץˣֻʣ»ɫβʹػš
ԭȥɣɫ󾫵дһ˿̺壬ԭѾʮһ赲סβͣȻηֱӳʮһˣʮһߵķһˤ˳ȥ
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ߣɫ󾫿һĻһһֻǰצˮ̶ץȥǮϺһӵĽǶֻܿצˮ̶ڴһ㣬ˮץ˼£͵̧˳ʮһӾץצУ


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Ȼû㻹󰡣ɫ󾫿űԼȴڵԼʮһеǾȡ
ȣˣȣСүʮһ˵־Ϳһ£ſԣһѪ̶ˮһӿ˳
Ա棡ɫ󾫸оǮϺһһһм˵һһֻצһ˦ɫӰ˶ϵĵڣʱ֮ǰϢ˵̥һ㣬ٵĽȥ
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ҲԱϧڵԱûУǲǺܿЦɫ󾫿צץŵʮһг˳Цӣ
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ɫҲԼʱΪѾ˶Է˸źצԼһһĿ
ֽ⿪ӵķӡӵһҪԱӡҲ˻ɫҪɱʮһᴫУŭĴš
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ʱʮһŷӦȥһˮͻȻܳӰʱѾеĸݺݵ˻ɫϣţĲ˵ͱķˡ
磬ʮһֻǵӰһϺȥǲϣҲǿն·һտɽƵġ
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ֻڻɫŭʱǵȴѾˣʮһһĻͷˣԭӲޱȵӣȻֱ룬ӶϺŶϿˣֻצβʹ°ͨһ˵ϣֻǰצǻš
ƥұ廹δȥˣȻŶ㲻ݣɫʹһҲڴʱʮһ֪ɫŶֺΪǰ䣡
ϻ࣬סϷ֣ϷüҲǵӰҲǵԼţ֮ǰȽׯİü
ü˵һ֮󣬵ǵٴŶԴնȥкʮһȴһŶȴǸûȥ㣬ȥܣΪûܣ·Ѿü򵥵һзˣ
׼ƷѣüϵڷնŶĲӺ󣬲м˵ֻ⻰ǮϺһԼʮһУȴǸĴ̶ǮϺһƷʦ׼ƷƷżûô˵
ʮһ֮лûôܣΪᣬƷĿ꣬ĿƷΪкöֻƷȥ˵С죬˵ˮ
ɫԴڵϺеһȫʧˣüȴͻһѪʵŻˡ
üϵˣǮϾȵʵ
ⲻǷϻûѪô˵ģһӰǮһۣʵ
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ԣǮϺһӻվ˵
ʮһȴǳһº˵Һеѣ
˵Ļ󣬰üһ˦סʮһ壬ֱӱ˼ϣת˵ң


414 뿪Ŷ
ǮϺһӾ͸ڿʮһİüһͨȥһ·Ҳôֻ۵ӻСܳǮϺһӶ˻ӻ־ͽˡȻҲأǶƷʦ˵ˣҲһСʬ;ֿԱģ
ϣ㳡ǲŶģʮһͻȻڰü˵
ܴȷʵǵģü˵ͷ˵
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ܿ˵ǰͳһǽǰѾû·ˣüȴǺܵǮϺһ˵ǽһŷ
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ʲôԣڲü˵˲ע⵽üһֻһֱڸƺָˣ
Ǯ˵һһ˫ڿвϵĽţǰسһݺύķģֻǮһĳ˲ǽڣ
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ף󷨣󣬰ü۾ɨ֮ǰʮһͰʲ󷨵λ˵
֮ǰʲµģΪ˷ֹһõģֻǺһ⣡ʮһ˼˵ϾԼͰʲµ󷨣ڰüƷʦУһòˣ
Ϣһ£ŶıӦÿҪˣ˭֪üȴǵ˵ͷ߽֮УʮһһԣŸǮϺһ˵ҲϽϢһ°ɣ󷨿赲һһĽʬ;֣ʱҪȶһ£
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ܼ򵥵ģΪʲôŶı廹ûг֮ǰ·أǮʵ
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ʮһµĿһ£СĹҲʮִСȴһңȺ֮УźܶѪʬ
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415 Ҫȥ
Щܵ󷨱Ե󾫺ѪʬڽӴ󷨵һɲǣӾǼٵĶȥͺǴ˵Ƶģ
һĻʮһԵһеķ콣Ĵڣɵʵû취Ʒ콣ʱҲǿԲٿص𣿡
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ΪϲҸѽƺʮһĽҲˣɵúƭ
Ǻãҽ˸磡ʮһǲϲԺ󣬿ĵĽе磡
һĸ֮ʮһмˣ۽иˮΪ뵽ǰҲôһŮйԼ
ˣҵ͸ϽܣׯͰȫˣʮһԺк˵ʱǮȴΪ񣬶󺰵ʱĽӴѾȴ˲˺ܴȤʮһǵһʦֵıŵӣŻʮһ
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ãüʮһ̬֮Ҳٶ˵иһ˦һιžʮһǰ
ߣȻû֮ǰôǲĻԴߵׯΧˣüʮһ˵ֲһ䣬ʱ֮ǻûгȥʹ뿪СĸͷһѾˣ
ʮһûȥüеĸͷѾʲô˼ΪѾüǰʱֻ뿪󷨵Ľˣ
໣
ʮһӸո뿪󷨣ֻһΧһȺѪʬǼƾͺһȺõ˺ͻȻһֻƵģ


416 ڵı
ȻЩѪʬҪ˵ʱüһȴͻȻһǽȻʮһĿɿڴнĺʵһ
ʮһ͸оԼƵģߵȺѪʬҲڼٵĺţɵõͷȥԼȻڷɣֻǱŷɣɵĸ߶е̫ˣ͵ϸԼĽصģ
ʮһعͷе˿ȥһȻΪŵӿ粻˵ȴ΢ЦſԼԼߣ˫֮һ˿ο
ǮֻǶ˻֣ڸһ㣬˵Ҳüˣʱİüٴα۾ƺִϢ
ʮһߵӺ󣬲ɵøо۽Щʪ󣬲ǶԼǷʲôĿģǶԼڱԼһӣֻΪԼʦѡеĵӣԼпδĳһŷ󣬾ͲһеıԼֻһ㣬Ѿ㹻ˣ
ʮһתͷȥˣ۾ɷдԼׯȥ
ʮһӰԶȥŵһȺ󾫺ѪʬļţǮһ̾дӣպ벻Ѱ
пˣһӵѵĲֲ֮ǲ֪οΪһҵŮ㽻𣿡üϵ۾бſһǮϣ֮оڸһ׳˵Ƶģ
ٸקΪƷʦͺţӣǮȻ˰üϵıӣ˿ǰλƷʦӣ
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ǮһʱϾü˵ĻˣҲȷʵʵתͷȥٴüϵˣ
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ͣûô󾫺Ѫʬ𣿡ǮͷϣһӾȻͣ
أҪһôҪЪһᣬȡһǺ棡һûİһǮϣ漴ֱ˸ط
ϼһﻹǺ棬֪֪ʵһ˵һĿ϶㣡ǮϿһӾȻԼֱ˵ϣǲˬ˵
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ʱʮһȴǸ֪ѾһߵϢһΪڵѾϾͽӽˣѾԿüڴˣ
ֻҲΪüвŸӽΪʱĴڴڴţȻеԶʮһܹ壬аʣиУڵƶǺǲֹۣ
ʮһļ٣Լڸ޷ʱʮһЩ󾫺ѪʬҲѾʧˣҲ֪ʲôʱʧģ
ʮһĽУֻвʮ׵ľˣʱûսеıʫʫѾ˷ܵĻš
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ʫʫȸԾȴΪΪʮһˣͿԼ뵽սˣǾͲñѹŴˣֻ֪ڵʮһֻսĻѾ䵽Щ͵Ǹˣ
ýˣǼսǸʱʮһŭǷǳģΪʶȷе˵˶ʶ֮ǰԽׯʧĸϣֻǴʱĸĻһ֮ǰĵ¸أȦڣгѪ˿էһΪǰҹأֻǰҹ˲ݡ
ʮһϴʱѾȫͻ棬ֻͻţ·ʱƵģǣϾȻһǻũֵصţϴǻƵģ
ʮһɵ뵽֮ǰü˵ĻϺпѾˣѵ˵ڵĸϱʲôˣֻܸ嵽ƷʦϵĶǲе̫ǿˣ


417 ܶ
˼䣬ʮһѾ뼸˲ʮˣս˫ʱҲȫע⵽ʮһĵʺͻڼʮһʱԵĺǸˣǻΪʮһʵӡġ
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ʮһѾܽˣȫİһһŷŽɫâķϣ
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ʮһֻʣһŵжҽܴǿһˣֻʮһȴ뱻ԷԼǿԼװġ
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ڸϻδӦʱжҽѾϣڸûоŷʲôЧʱȴʮһһȣն
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ȴǷ֣ʱ˿һ㵭ɫĹâţԼѪҪǮƵģڷţ⻹꣬ɫâŵĵطȻʼˣٶ֮˼飡
ʮһһĻȴǵ˵ͷжҽϸеЧֻڵĸӦʮһе㲻
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ʱİѾʮһ״̬ǲԣֻĵļʮһȥºżֻҪԮȴѾˣֻܶʫʫ󺰵ʮһ
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˿̵ʮһƽ˵а취⣬Ѿ˶Է콣Ŀƣ˵ģһ⣬ǽĹûа취ˣϾոѵҲֻôѣ


418 йʦ
͵ǧһѾ׼еʱʮһȴͻȻобܳһӰǵӰŸϾһƣȻûȻˣ
ΪȷԼûвþʵʱǰѾûֻĵĹ͸ϵӰˣֻʣһȥįţıӰ
ʮһӰɵһüͷΪӰôһ˿Ϥȴ벻˭
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ϵĻʮһ֪ǰ˭磬ֻʮһãˣΪҪԼԼûʲô̫ĽɣЩڶҪģҪٴγ˯ˣҲˣ
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㡭ݣϱʮһĲҪˣҪΪվһһʮһֻǰվϼɵĿһ߷߲ƽתٴν˴ׯʧˣ
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ʶ˼ңʮһʦ֣֪˵ӦˣΪԼõھĴУϸ˵ȷʵĵӣֻ벻ôʶģ
ҵõ˼ָһ˵⻰ʱ˫֮гһ˿׷䣬һֳһ˿ĸм
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ˣµľȸ˵ô࣬Ǿ仰ԺԼСһЩҲÿζʱϵߣкöҪȥ˰˵תŴׯȥ
סһԶԶģٴƮֻȴֻʮһһˣͼӰʧ˴ׯ˵ĽֵУ
ȿȣʲôʱһģɩ֪𣿡˹˵֮г֮⣬ϾʮһĶԻ˱˴֮ףʱΪԹߵȴֻ˸ϡͿֻǴſԲ²⵽ʮһʶһͬˣȻΪˣŻ־ʮһҲŻʮһôĺã


419 ˼Ѳ
ʮһʵĻ󣬱͵ģȴǿ˶Χлıֻ֮úΪҳ̫˧ˣҵ˧۷ˣ
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˧˭˵ֲ˧Ҹ˵󻹶ıεЦЦ
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˧ллϹѩȴǲ֪ͻȻվʮһ˵˾仰
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Ǿͳ˺ʮһģϸһĸˣһΧŸͷҶ龰ֻ˭Ҳû뵽ǣĸȫѹ׵ıȴǱͷѹŴ
ʮһϹѩĽÿ˹ѯʵĿС
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㿴˰ɣϹѩ˶Լ֤ˣתͷʮһʵ
ţˣʮһֻõ˵ͷȴоСôˡ


420 Ҳ
ʱҲ˹ʮһæŰʹһɫ˼Ūŷһ£Ȼ֪ʮһʲô˼ǻˡ
Ϲѩʱ򣬰ȴǴ߹ͻȻóһŷûзӦʱһĶͷϣ
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֣ôô϶ʮһıĻûе棬ֻΪڸԼЦ
˵ģıֱţʮһһŵӣֻýӿʮһԸ˵ͷŵʮһĶԣ˵һ仰
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ǺǣžǷȤţҹȥһ£ʮһҲıԼǹģıĻȴҲеЩı˵ȻԼԸȴǸԼйأҲԼȥ
ʮһǳεߵϹѩ󣬿ԾɴԼĳµŮһ˵̸̸
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ʮһҪɱ㣡ʮһĵ٩Ϲѩ˲ݵͨ죬еıӾʹʮһ


421 ô
Լıӣʮһġ
žһʮһԼ첲˲Ĳ֣۵ĲˣԼǺοأ
Ϊʲô㣿Ϲѩȴǲ֪ʮһ˵ص޷ȥܵĶΪʮһǹⲻȥܵģ
ûıһ֮ǰʮһ˿̾ԻϹѩ˵Ϊ㣬Ը⣡
ֻڵʮһȴǸûǸ飬ʮһüͷϹѩ˵㵱ܶĿ᲻һûУ
ʮһĻϹѩ˫һ˿ģת˲ͱܺõװ˵㻹ңŲھɱ㣿
У㵱ŴģʮһǰС椣ɵһЦָԼԶ˵ûЩȫҵˣΪǻۿҶ𣿡
ʮһ仰Ҳܵ⣬һЩ󣬶ʮһûעĻУֻıЦеĶϹѩĵһͷ
ȷǻ㣿ϹѩյıʾЦĿʮһ
һ˲䣬ʮһоһ˿ԣͷһ˺תͷʱֲ֪ﲻԣžСɫѣıҲ˼ŰԼԼаʺ͸أǾԲ᲻Լģ
ǺʮһϹѩصĵһͷ˵ģ
˵۸㣬Ҳ㣡ϹѩЦһ󽫱һ˦͵ʮһΪϹѩҪʱȴǷǸӾȻԼ˹̼䣬ʮһӦʱԼѾǸӸˣ
ι㲻˵ñӵôã˲˵ģʮһȻЩţȴûпֻţ
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ҡ̣ʮһǿסҪѿڶĴֻžʺ͸Ǳȥһлһߺţң椷ˣ
ϴ㣡ʮһĺӦһҪܳȴû뵽ıסˡ
ɩɻĿǰıкǲ⣡
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Ϊʮһ˧ŮϲıƳһ۰ʺ󣬵ôһ仰󣬱ߵһԿ֣
ȷʵܸô򣡡ʵ˵ͷ˵ǰһ߻ԥҪҪϵĸԼߣʾûģ
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ʮһѾ˻Լ뷨ˣֻа̾ԼѲ뷨ĲҲͲôֿˣ֪˾ȻһڵϹţһ׷˴ڵһʯͷ档
ϹѩƺҲĺӣץʮһһٱᣬ˶ûעǣ֪ʲôʱϹѩȻѾﵽʮһϣ֮ǰѾ˵ˣϹѩϳ֮⣬ֻһʮһĳ£
ϹѩʮһǴ˼ȭ֮󣬷ֺһ㲻Ծˣôʮһأѵ˵ԼСĴˣ
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ʮһڵ״ʱϹѩȴһ£һûʲôⰡֻڿأ
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å͵ңϹѩԼֱץסһֻȴִ˳ȥ
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422 ǰǺޣ
ôҿŮб㲻֪𣿡Ϲѩ۾ǰ
Ůбȷ⻰һϵ˵ʣʮһֿһϹѩصͷһۣаȵЦŶϹѩ˵
㻹ҲԿʹһ·û㿴Ҳ֪𣿡ϹѩʮһȻֿһۣɵøֲֻҴУ±ֻʶǰ
ʲôÿĶˣ׿ǰɫģиͷ񣡡ʮһȻϹѩĶǲм˵
Ҫɱ㣡ϹѩŭĴһŵһߴ˿˵ļ˾һ𣬶ɵÿʼпʼͬʮһ
Ϲѩڽһ˫ֱסˣſСʮһļҧȥ
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ֻʮһû뵽СôһûҧԼļ򣬾ȻֱӹϵҧԼֱϣʱ䣬ʮһͿһ˿ѪϹѩС˳
ô𣿡ʮһûȥֱϴʹǳ˫һգգĶϹѩ
ޣܺޣϹѩʮһĻ󣬻̧ͷƾʮһѪ˫ĿоȻѾˮͳʮһ˵Һˣȥҵȴֲ֪ϲˣȴҪҵǰ㲻֪߽ҵУ
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423 Σٽ
ھ֮ǰھ֮Լòûʲô仯ǰҲΪʲôûôŮϲԼأǵûУԼŮѻͻȻ뿪ԼĻᶼûУ
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Ѳȫ㺦ģʮһ뵽ҪǸղŰʻ߸˭ܰһԼԼҲϹѩ飬ĻԼҲôˣһ˲ʮһеԹȫ˰ʺ͸ϡ
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֪ѾȥһʱˣüϵȴһѶҲûУʮһ˫ǰԶĴׯвһЩǣٵһỹûĻֻܰհü˵ĴЩһˣ
²һ£ҪǣҪ֮ǰѪʬȺĻ˸󷨿Եֵһ£ʫʫеͱˣʻʮһ˵ʮһվѾʮˣı֮ǰûðǰʮһʮһͻȻĻ٣ʮһˣҲҹ
֮£˾ͰĿ⿴˰ʣȻʱӵĿһ֮󣬱ʮһ
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ǲǻĶˣһʵ
ţȺʮһ˵ͷתһԶˣСĽԼ֮ǰ뿪Ǻµ˵һ飡
ˣʮһĽ˰Σ˵һ䡣
ڻɰüǼϼһ򲻹ǸŶʶʮһ۾ʵ
ǻɣǿ϶ģֻŶһܰƷʦøƵģ˵ıûʲôʹüƷʦҲɱŶʮһҡҡͷ˰ʵ뷨


424 Ҫ·
Ҳݣǻûأ쳤̾ʮһһ
ɪˣׯҲȫˣ㿴һǰߣʮһ˵
ʲôȺ˳ʮһָķȥֻǰԶĵطһƬѹѹģƶţ
Ӧǵģ
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Ϲѩһ㶼ԩôûڶһأʱӵĿһʮһתȥ˵ˣʮһˣϴ󣬸Ͻ׼ս
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ϹѩȴƳһ۰֮󣬱㲻ǿһ۰ʺĿתϹѩϹѩȻԸϴλõİʱ֮
ֻǾĻϲΪкϷʱȴͻȻоһɾϮδӦϾͱһš
˵û𣿡ЦſŻ
ãݣվһ۰ʡ
ʱϹѩȴȻţ·ʲôҲûʲôҲûƵģʲ˱ӣۿȺԽԽȺȴǻԼֲĶ֣Ҿ㶯ҲöһŮӶְ
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426 һɱ
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427 ټŶ
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430 
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432 
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433 ټ
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434 
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435 ޼
̫ˣϴ㶯òҲԶָͷ㣡˵Ҫǰ
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⻹иһ㿴һǲ죿ʮһ̾һӵ֮ȡһӡʱʮһֳŷ콣һɢŹâӡԼתţ
ӡôڹӡʮһƵһ˲䣬ŮŵƮȥʮ׵ľ룬ϵھѾһʹñѾ԰׳ªӸˣ
ŶԭʶڻΪɱ𣿡ʮһµǰһ˫ǳӴһ˿ЦĿѾڿ־壬ȽŵŮ
㡭Ů׼ʮһ߽˼ŵĿŵĴٶȼٵȥ
ʮһŮȷʵĺ£²ɵһĴ򲻹һﰡʵٺòˣ
ߣйӡΣһѣҲʵɱңͻȻŮǰƮһҵľ룬ɫĶʮһ
ȷʵʹò£ӵйӡҪɱҲѣأʮһ˵ͷŮ׵ĻʾͬڶԷ¶һ˿ıʱʮһȴǽӡһӽĸУۿ˲ʹסŮף
㡭㾹Ȼ㽻ˣƯŵŮһ˲ƶʼ˻ɣĻ˿Խӡֽˣ֮˶ǾԲԵģ
ֵܵĸ飬֪ʲôļһģнӹӡŹӡŮȥϵĹ°˭Կó
С椣Ȼ˵ֻʣһǲǻ𣿸ϽվǱ𶯣ȴ뻹δȸ˵Ļǵɪֻ⻰ȥôоڵϷŮף
ߣñ䵥һɱǣŮ׶ݺݵĵһۻַǳɵĿһ۸еĹӡٵƮˣ
ˣŮƮʮ֮󣬸пʮһ˵ͷ̲ס˳һ˵
ǼһˣҲ˵ˣŸҳѯʮһ֮ǰǾˣȴǱʮһֹˣ
ǲɵʮһתͷ񿴰׳ƵĿŻ
ǣǸһҪûߣʮһôͬ˵أһԵϹѩҲץסϱһ»
ֻϹѩĻŸ˵꣬ʮһתͷÿŻ
вʲôѵ˵ûŮ𣿡Ϲѩ䲻ıʮһţʮһֿ׳Ƶʵ޷ܣ
û£ֻͻȻ̫ˣʮһϹѩѾץסǸޣɵüæ˵Ӹенӹӡתʵ˵ߣ
˾ʦͼʮ֮ǾͶˣʮһųڵ˾˵
ܰȫͺãʱüҲȺ˹һοĿʮһ˵
ҿŻˣȻĻҾͳǵŵˣһӸǿţһԼɴӣ֪ĻΪʲôɢ޷ܵأ
ܲˣǻǸϽϳɣҸùҪúõϢһ£ʿͷӣ̲ס²۵ȻǮû˵ʲôǮϿʮһµģһڿԼδŮƵģֻǿǮŮôҲʮ˰ɣ
ãǾֱϳһȫˣʮһʱָߣ˾ѾͣҲͲʲôʮˣֱӽȫ˳Լϵĳ
ʦҸĳУ˶еˣҪúõϢһ£ʦҲúõ˯һʮһϳ˾һ֮󣬱㾶ֱ˳档
ֻǵߵмʱʮһһ޵ĳ嶯ںŵļȴһ֮ɫĿ
ʮһһֱŵıֿһֱŵϹѩǡɵ˵߶ǿŵģһǿλǿŵģŮʱȫר־֣ǸûʮһƵģ


436 ѡ
ʮһһ۾ǰȥûκһλԣǾֱߵʮһԣץסʫʫȥüĿյֱʫʫλϣҲǰʵߣ
߸ʲôǿɻһʱأʼʮһֱ߹ѾԤеˣ˵ʲôʫʫѾͷȴ粻վվƫƫʮһʱվȥüˣⲻǳĵ
ѾһˣҪǻңŲŵҺ֮󣬱һ٣ʮһֱӾǸɴϵвˣͬʱһɸУпңҪһǮҾʹһȭ
ϴģǾ֧ģڶɣмæӦԱߵĻ̲סķӦٶȣ
ӮˣڼʮһŵԼҸµֵʱ˵
ԼеԼǷѾƷʦƷˣѰƵ׾֣ǶùӴù֣ȴƫƫһ㣬ǾǷǳ£
ԼһֱصĺܺðҲ֪ôʮһһ֪ģʱҲԼʲôʱ¶ģ
ǣʫʫʱ򣬾ͿԼŰʵλñʮһռˣҿɺ޵ʮһͰĵĺܿģʫʫǣʮһװûԼӣװʸҲһûԼӣһ˵ˣԼ߿˼ۣԼΪԼʱȴ˵һʫʫ뱩ߵĻ
ʫʫѾͷӦǲˣֵú죡
ͬʱıϹѩҲһͬվǶϣǸߵ˾Ȼѡ˺ͺһ𣬶һ˵ЦģһʱֻǶŮǴˣǿѹеĲˬ֮ٴԼλóֻÿ˸ʮһһţ
ԺϴˣıϢ
Ҫ۸ҵ߱㣡ϹѩϢ
ȻѣΪʮһҪԹԵߵʱȴֻһһ£һֱӳȥɱʮһ
ȥ˴ϣǰץʮһֻԳٸıȥģ
ҾͰ㹴ҵ¸߱ʮһֻ֮ϹѩģԭʮһҪ¸ıһϢģǿһ԰ʺ͸бӵʹ뷨
;Ů˿ĵжȹˣȴͳͣµʱ˳һСƵſڣֻ˵ǾƵ꣬˵һСõһʮƽ׵СݣСݻõԱߣ֮˵ʼ˵СƵ꣬ΪСõСݵһһĴңƵ꣡
˴ͳ֮ʮһüϵ񲢲Ǻܺãתͷ˾ʦ˵ҼǵﲻԶһи͵ȥҸĶⱨ꣡
˾ӹʮһݸʮñң˵ĵ˵ͷͼһַ˴ͳʮһֶԻ˵֣͸ϻȥɣֱӽ͵зˮЭᣬǱ߱ϾԼĵ̣
û⣬һȫĽ͵ңֻǲһ𣿡˵ͷô˵һҪ͵ģϾһӻʦأ
ǣϢһ£ȻȥĴһ£ǱҲûʲô飡ʮһͷһˣתŻ˵
֪ҾͲôӦˣȥ棬ȴҪҵС̫ƽˣʮһĻˣ
ǻ㲹һС컨ģȥɣһĻļһ񲻻ӣ
֮ʮһתõȥĿǰ˵еķǳԷǺúõ˯һ˵ȥʱڳ϶˯ڴׯʱҲȴǼķѾģ˼ûκһֱùݶȥ
ֻǵߵſڵʱʮһȴӶһ£һŴ󿪵õ꣬Լұߵһķ߳ԼʮִСīɫӡǣ
ôˣʲô𣿡ϹѩʮһͻȻͣɵóʵ
ûʲô߰ɣ˸ʮһõ֮ʮһֱǰ̨һʣǱߵֻʣͷˣĶȥˣϹѩӵǮ϶жһ㷿ģȴǱʮһֹˡ
Ůסһ䣬ʲôҲû֮иӦʮһԿ˶¥ò˵õСһô֮⣬¥ҲֻʮѣǶŵģ


437 ʬ
֮󣬸ŷڵһһʱ򣬰ʹؽź󣬶ʮһ˵ʬǲ̫һ㣿
ţȷʵǺأֻ⸽ûĿס޵ĵطˣʮһ˵ͷε˵
ǾסɣֻʬôأһʲôԭģʽӹʮһĻ˵ͻȻ俴ʮһʮһ˵ͷ󣬳ĺһ
ôˣôûиоʬأмʮһͰʶ˵ķӦ󣬲ɵɻʵ
ҪܸܵõͲǸˣʺǱӵĿһ۸С
УƷʱҲܸܵõвмĿһ۰ʡ
˵Ʒ޹أΪϵɱʵ̫ˣʮһɻɵý͵
˵ƷȻʼӵĿһ۸С
ϹѩʫʫƷôҲûвأ˰ʵĻתͷʮһ
еʱҪԵģо˯ˣʮһֱһŴϣĵƮһ仰ЩҲأھһûκͨ˶ѣ
ûԣʱӵĿһſڴ˯ʮһתҲɵԱߵĴϡ
ʸ磬ʬǴİһЦݵſ˰ʵǰ
˯˯֮ͻῴˣְֱ˸еϣһƣоͱƵһϣ
һ˶˯ĺʮһһΣԼɳ̲ϣıڸԼιѳԣұ̨ڸԼιϣǰȴϹѩСڸԼ裡
ʮһйúܿģһֵϢһ˵̨£һ᳢һı㴽Ҫж⣬͵׼һչսʱȴǱһţ
ҿ˭ңʮһһ۾ȴǿǱŪŷͣһɻĿİʺ͸У
ʮһǰһĻٿԼڵλãǷӳ˹ԭԼΰһӴϵˣǿϧǸˣϾҪһսˣҲ֪˯ʱܲܽΣ
˾͸ϽϴɣʫʫղŴ绰˵ѾˣǿһأʿʮһǷ㶣ɵôߴٵ
һϴ֮ʮһֱӰŴˣڴϼ
ôŰһ֮󣬶Ҳˣʫʫһʱ˳
Ϊĳһ˵ͿֱӿʲôʱˣƳһԾ﷢ʮһ
ˣǾȥԷɣıϹѩҲ߳ʮһֱվ߳ţ¥ȥ
ôˣϹѩʮһޱӣҪȥĸʵ
ԷȥҲ֪治֪Ǽװ֪˵ĻʱͰϹѩĲ˵ˣ
¥֮ȴǿһʮһվڴڣʮһǰ߽һˣһȫڶ֮еˣ
ôˣʮһıߵʮһԣĵʵ
ûʲôʮһҡҡͷıƹǸˣȥʮһ˿˼ۣǽİʺ͸м·ʱ׷תͷһۣ
֮󣬽һӵľƲˣʮһͰı飬Ϲѩ̲ס˳ѯʵʲô飬ǿֱ˵𣿡
ϹѩĻıԼкʫʫҲǷ׷˿Ͼɫֻ֪
ʬ壬ʬˣʬסõ꣡ʮһĻشܼ̣ȴҲ𺳣ڸʬصĴڣ˶˵ȴ˼
ʬҲûʲôϵɣʬסǵģ𣿡ʫʫԥһº˵
ͨĸʬ˵ǿԣУʽӹ˵ɻ󣬼˵ͨĸʬڸʬʱ򣬶һЩ˼С·иǻһͭ࣬ʱһ£ΪʹúʬһֱѰߣ·
һߵҲ֪ʱͻԶԶرܿĸʬ˸ʬֻ˹һЩǮƣŰѹʬͻؼ磡;סõ꣬ҲǺнģһֿɹʬס޵õ귿ǲصģǺҹǰ죡
Щʲôϵбʾ⣬еԽԽεĸо
㵹Ҽ˵ʼʮһûҪ˵˼ɵðһ۸У˿ڲˮ󣬼˵ǽǼõרʬס޵ģ


438 
ˣʱõźǿŵģʮһʱͣһڲ鿴ƵģʱѾ𣿡ϹѩһΪָʮһ˵ҲҺʱѾҹˣСطԷѾˣʮƽҵСڣǳ֮ˣҪȻϹѩһһ˵ע⣬ϾôŮ˭࿴۵ģ
ʮһϹѩĲ²ֻǵ˵ͷûж˵ʲôΪﻹһ飬ʼ״ֻü˵֮˵õרʬס޵ģ˴󿪵ķ֮⣬һԭ򣬾ڷŵҲǸīɫķӡǣҲ֮ǰƶſǸ
ӡǿ˵֮ϹСʫʫǿӡڷˮһѧбʬӡ
ʬӡǸӵģϹѩʵĻ󣬾һڿʮһƤһͷ˵
ʫʫҲʬӡֵʱ֮¶֮ɫֻȶûϹѩôķӳѡ
˵һЩ𣿡ıԼ͸вףֻǿǲˣֻ֮Լʳеɻ
ʬӡʵ˵Ǹʬרеһƾ֤ƾ֤ͺʱĴ󳼵ӡһ㣬˵һݵʬӡǹµĵطҲŸʬ˸ϵʬĵطıĻ˵ͷּ˵
һ£ʬڵһסϢĵط֮󣬶Ѹϵʬϵź棬ԸղʱʮһŻᶢǸʬӡĸ¿˼ۣʺ˿ڲˮ֮󣬼͵
˿˵ͣһ£ҲţΪҲԤе˵ĻܾʺʮһΪɫôйϵˣ
ҺƻôԭΪʬ˲ͨĸʬˣֻ֪ܶиʬҵȴ֪ʬҲǷָ͸ģ˵ģʵ˵ĸʬ˾ǸģҲ佫ʬһطϵһطָʬ˵ûʲôΪҲǻһЩϴͨһЩķʬϵҪĵط
ǽʬ͵䣬ָʬ˲·;Զһ㶼ˣһңĸʬ˲ûʲôͬһװɽʬģһڽʬվһΪҪʱ̿סЩʬ˿½ʬͷϵķ
һ˵һѣɤӶеˣּæһˮȵ
˼˵ǸʬǸģϹѩ˼ʵʵͷ֮󣬼˵ôأĸʬ˲Ҳһϵ𣿡
ҪǸʬӡ˵ˣĸʬӡɫǸղſǸǳīɫǸĸʬӵеĸʬӡеɫһһ㣬ǾǸĸʬϲôŨ˵ʱ򿴵˺ɻĿԼɵõ˵ͷǿ϶˵ĸʬΪʱʬһ϶ٶһЩʬһӦ֪ʬֽȻͬĴڣ
ţүүʫʫ˵ͷ԰ʵĻʾͬ
ǸղǸʬϳкŨʬ֮⣬зǳ˵ֻгڴ˶л߳ŲŻеģټϸղ˿ȷǸʬˣضǸĸʬˣʼ˵
ǸĸʬˣֺʲôϵأıɻʵʫʫϹѩҲǵ˵ͷʾ⣬ֻиУѾŸղ˵Ŀյ˷ԱľƲˣ˶ڹĵͲģ
˵͵һԱҲѾʮһҲԹԵĳ
ʮһŮڿԼҲ˼ٳԣæ˵ӸһҲǸĸʬֻǸѾʬˣأǳ˸ѾʬģԼȥѰҿԱʬģ
νĿԱʬģҲ˵ԼȥһɱȻطƣĸʬ˻ȫظĳЩССЩģȻ֪˶ʹǣҲΪ飬ȴҲûԸǣʮһ˵ʱͣһ£ŮһЩһг˵̫ǳʲôǳ㣬ԭⷹҲֵʮ֣Ѿǰ󱳵˿£û೤ʱѾһˣ
˵ϹѩһӶʮһ


439 ԩ·խ
ȿȣ˵˵ôʲôʮһһŵĲҭҿһԵıʱĴıᰡ
ƶˣ˵ıʮһåϷεͬʱҲǺݺݵİһۣת뵽֮ǰڴͳյĶţͻȻŭӿһһƾʮһĺϣ
ž
һ죬רĳԷİʺ͸жŵˡ
ıɱ׷򰡣ʮһһһֻ쵽ź˵
ߣǶ֮ǰҷϢĳͷıʮһģвɵһͰ˵
ıĻʮһһѪ˳ݺݵĵһǱ͵Цİʣ
֮£ʮһֻü˵֮ûԸǣΪظĹйᣬΪһ˵ϻ˵һһĽûкûûĻˣڱɻ֮Ǳñķαװɽʬ
˼˵Ǳɻ˺αװɽʬĻǻڣϹѩ˫˸һ˿˷ܣʮһ˵
ǵģҲǵظҪģֻǾʲôȴû֪ʮһ˵ͷĿϹѩһ˵ôʲôҸ˵붼룡
м˵ʲôҲû룡Ϲѩе㲻ڵİʮһһۺÿӼ˿ڲ˷ŽȴǲһӾ˳ԭ⵹ùС椼һŵ
ʵҾõǿһ£սָˣǸʲôҲôСģϾ֮ǰǸŮ׸ûҲ֪ȴʱͻȻ˵
ԼͺˣûҪȥðǸգʮһһ۰ʣҡҡͷ˵
ңҲҪһܶȫָһ֮䷢ʲôأָһԼε˵
ⲻСʮһתͷһϹѩʫʫǣ˵ĸ־ͣ˵ļ˺ǲˬϹѩֱӾ
ʮһʲô˼𿴲ˣϹѩһֻŲڵϣ˫ֲһĸҹ棡
һЩѵΪڵ£ǳ𣿸οأʮһڿϹѩվһ˲֪ˣæװһȻӣ
ʲô˼ϹѩʮһĻʮһǾοأıһߣֱҸСŮһڵϣ
˼ǣ֮ǰ뷨ͬˣҪȥΪϵɱʹһʬʮһĴССȥæȴ˵
һԵıȴ͵͵һʮһĴȣֵס˵֮°һŮķģ㻹
ܵıСϺһԼĴתȦʮһʹĶ޳ˣȴֻװûκα仯ӣıǾ仰ˣеͬʱһ㵣ģ
ȻΪԼʹһλŮݵԼţп֮£ĵȻ˺Է
ץʱԷɣٵһȫһԹˣʮһŬװЦı˵
ıϹѩʮһĻŤͷһ׷ײٹʮһˣֱץӾͿŵİʺ͸ȫסˣ˵ıĴسǵôȣϾǶʮһֻõϹСҲô̻ʵģʵе޷ܰ
ԣû˸ʮһҲǵһμϹѩӣɵþŮͦɰģϾôسԵҲֻŮŮߣ
УٽзԱŪ㣬úóһ٣ʮһŸ˵
һСʱ󣬵ҶԵѾŵ䲻ʱ򣬸кܴſȥˣ׼뿪ʱȴǴһˣ˵ʱ˲סˣиֱӳǰ̣
ڿ˺Ҳסˣʮһ϶ͣһᣬȻЦ˵ԩ·խ
֮ǰһĸͷʮһҲû뵽ôôɣɵ񾭶ˣԼ߿˵սߵȫǷˣֻкϹѩԼʫʫĻ޼£¼ıҲֻǶһڻҶѣ
ȷʵԩ·խʮһȻţȴֵøӲʱԽԽ⵽


440 ʲô
ôֻǼϼһأǲˣͷǰһĿ˵һһɨֻʧˣʫʫϹѩױ¶Լģڸͷһ˲ͱߵס˵Ļˣ
סŮ˵ĻͬһˣǾıͷһյʮһסڷ㶵Ѿͷĵʲô˭Ҳ֪
кͰȴһûѸͷӣȻǶʮһװģû⸶ͷֻҪʮһڵĵطͿ϶û£Ͼûϴ˵飡
Ŷ˵üϵǰ̫رͻȥˣʮһһνӣǰüûκιϵƵģ
ǺǣȻûڣ㻹ô˵ͷʮһ仰Եһ£ЦһݺݵĿʮһ
˵úţƵģüϵǲҲҶ𣿡ʮһζЦһ£˫ضŸͷ˿ģ˵ͷˣʮһ仰İʵ˶е㲻֪ʮһڸʲôֱӾôϼһüĺ
ͷʮһĻɫ˲ĶʮһҪƵģ
ǺǣԸֵҪûǻô죿ʮһƳ˸ͷһۣȴһֱ͵͵ĿŶԷ
ߣǸ˸һ𰡣ͷ۾ֱֱĿʮһ
Ǻǣ˾ֱ˵ģһʦ֣Ҫɱģʮһǿקŵ˵ǿ׶쳯ˣǱǿ￴ˣ
ߣÿӳԶͷݺݵĵһʮһԼȴ˹ȥֱǰ̨ȥ
УߣʦֻأʮһɧŤ첲ŸӾ˳ȥ
˾Цʮһ˳ܵǣѾˣͷҲûиţʮһʮȽգһֻýżػζͣڼпȥ͸СƵģ
𣿡ʮһ˸˳ߵԹһĿıʵ
ѾҸطµȳԵˣıر˵
߰ɣʮһ˵ͷȻղһҡ첲ŤŸˣ
ɣϹѩǰȻɪʮһʵ
ˣ񫣡ʵ˵ͷȥ
ٴСùſʱɵȫͣסˣ֮ǰ˵ĸʬӡĵطţ뿴ʬӡǲܿʲôͬ
ͣ𣿡ϹѩŻڻζŲͣʮһվ̲ס˵
ôˣʮһתϹѩʵ
ôˣܱһֱҿźܲˬҪ˵ĳ嶯ϹѩʮһһԼָȴǺܲһҲû죬һԵļ˲Ц
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ʮһҲǿŶĵĸоϹѩŶԷĺ󱳡
ܵʮһĿϹѩҲ˲ˣֱתſʮһĻСµɷףϸһѪɫûУգŴỨĴ۾ʮһС˵Ҷ˺ˣģ㲻Ҫòã
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ʮһʵĻæɿϹѩ֣ϿȥıˣһתͷԼգһ۾ɵһЦͻȻоһΣյϢӣ
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ʮһͷһ˲䣬Ϲѩ˵ɣΪο㣬һﶼˣ
ϹѩʮһĻ뷴ȴǷʮһѾǵǰ֮Ķţ
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447 
һ˲䣬Ϲѩһеĳʮһĳ嶯
ʮһȻ֪Ϲѩôģ֮ǰϹѩһӳȥŷ䣬ǰԲ˵һȻΪһץԼԶĵˣʮһǿŷ򵽶ӵʱӵϱһѪӣϵѪһ˲ţ
ֻǣһжûʲôãһϵʱھϵƺһ˲ȫʧˣе˾ȻȫɣֻͷѾ֮ܳΪĵطƻţٸΪԼϵűôǿƵģ
ֻһжʮһ˵ҪģΪʱʮһѾϹѩһ仰ˣ
˵Щ䲻Ը˵ŶˣϹѩʮһҪĻһ֮˵һʮһĻ
ô˵أ֮ʲô𣿡ʮһһתһϹѩȽֲ㱩ߵĻ
ߣʱˣʱ̸˵ǿЦĶ䳰ȷĿʮһˣǲЦ˵סˣҽдףǿԽү
㻹ҪΪԼԼϵ⣬ţˣµһˣүСүʹƨǣʮһҲǴ׵Ļ󣬲ɵôŭҲ˲ȥϹѩǷѾó˷ʱһöӡ֣¥Ĺӡ
ΪŹӡҾˣĴףή˺ܶͻȻ˿ʹ۳ҽҩƵģһжģ
Ǻǣ֪е飡ʮһҡҡͷһӣϹѩ˵סһǸС֮꣬ļһҺܿͽ
ţǾҴҵͷŴСһʰʲôϣϹѩ˵ͷ֪Լղ֮ԻһȡüѼǵڼ峤Ǽŷ䣬ʮһĻҲǿȻľʹӦˣ
ʮһҲن£ֱӽӡ˿Уָı任ӡǲܵı任ţɵ˿ۻңһֻҲ԰ѷôλãֱе˰
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13ʮһӵĿһ۴ף˵㲻֪Ķȥˣ
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ͬʱʮһвһ콣ʽһʬ
ʮһеͬʱϹѩҲǻеĳСӭȥиǼŷʱҪȥӣ
ϹѩķʮһͰ֪Ϊܺ˵ĴߵСǸͬܣԭС꣬ڼϹѩеķʱֱӾŵηηˣʱڷϹѩеķ䣡
СڷϹѩзͬʱһߵĴȴѾʮһŰĲˣ˵Լ֮ĴʵʮһƽֵĻôھӡ֮ʵѾֻʮһٷ֮ʮĹľˣ
ǹӡһЧͨ߶ӡɢѹƹȵڵΪʹܷӳĹ΢СȻѹƵĹΪĶ٣Ҳ߶ӡ˵Ϊйأ
ʮһֻжƷʦԴ߶ѹƹȰٷ֮ʮѾǺˣ
Ȼֻ˰ٷ֮ʮʮһƾٷ֮ʮĲȴŰĶԷҪҪģΪʮһֶθӵĶ䣡
ʮһƾз콣ϬԼʱʱӳһбȵռϷ磬ֻҪʱ֮ȡʤе㲻ܣ
ʫʫȥϹС㣬СѾô˼еķˣûзƣϹС»еæңʼΣɵöһԵʫʫԸ


448 ׵Ĺ
ʫʫʵķԼԸнСʳָָǼŷ䣬ֱһԾֻʫʫһҪϹѩˣ
Ϊʫʫȥʱ򶮵ýŵһһ¥ߵӣŻһ䵽˵֮ϣСһ˦ȻֱϹѩСսֳȥ
С¼սֵʫʫδ⣬ϾʵʫʫϹѩǲģֻû뵽ǣʫʫһƷʦүүƷʦүүַǳ۰Ҳţķ
ȻСͱˣΪʫʫķֻͨķֵֻһ£ȴû뵽ʫʫֱһűʬϣűʬһ˻ģһƷʦ̺֮Ȼǲö˵ģ
ʫʫһӽСһѪܵĿӵʱһԵϹѩһЦŮǲҪƵģԾеСһٿ⣡
СΪɵʫʫеķ䣬ټ֮ǰһűʬʹγˣʱ֮ǰǿڣֻܱķأضе㣡
ʼ濴ɵúǿģĿǰߵսȫѾˣϹѩʫʫӾͻʰС꣬ʮһȻܻһ㣬ǿĿǰ˵Ҳֻʱˣ
ȻʮһڿϹѩʫʫǱߵս֮ȴ룬ʵа취Ըٽ׵ģֻڵһ˵ĳ֣ǸôԶʮһȻҪһԵȫ
ֻǵôãҲûȵǸһĵڿһԵսϾҪˣɵҲʧȥģз콣һתȵ콣һ׷նħ
ʮһһȣһѤİѪɫŴ׾ʹ˹ȥ׸û뵽ʮһͻȻ䱬ԭʮһĹԼܳܵסģֻʮһͻȻѸ͵ĹȴǴ֪룡
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һ촫׵ʮһһϵʱ򣬾ֱͦͦˤ˳ȥϸǳѪܵĿӣѪܵĿ֮иǳһֱӴ͸˵Ĵ
ֱӴ͸Ѫڴ׵ĵλã׵ͷŵĿԼﴦ͸˵˿ڣû뵽Լ޼᲻ݵȻʮһһ͸ˣܸܵԼڵлѸٵļˣʬ֮һҲһһļ٣
Ҵ׻͸ԼѪһһıţֻǺʱ䣬Ѿֱ幫ֱ˶ʮִСӣһۿɼٶɢţʬ׶Ѿ֪ԼǱˣ
Ҳϴ󷢴ˣ̫˧ˣ¥ĸмʮһһţĴףɵ˷ܵĻŵһԵİʺıɵõһۣʺıȻͬ˵ϴ󰡣Ȼˣ
¥˻һۣĴЦһΪͬһ˶еԺĻЦ
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׵Ļ˲ȫסˣ׼˵ǷŹС꣬ǿģû˺һˣˣ
ɱԣȴ뿪ʮһ׵ԥһµ˵ͷ˵һһŷʬ˳ȥӡѾҪϹѩʫʫСͷϣ
ϹС㣬ʫʫס֣ʮһﲻ֪ǸüεĶŮ˵
ʵǰҲһ˵ģ˭һκͬѧΣ˵ĸʬ˺أѵһΣΪʲôȥһأǾһͬѧĴ£͵͵ɽУص˵ʬһֻ˼С·ϲŻ֣Ǳ˺ܶĵͼ
Ǿϸĵѡ֮ĳһ糿Ǿͳˣ߹һ·̣ʱѾҹĻˣǼԺ͸оɭɭģԭҪֱӻȥ˵ģʼǸͬѧȴִ˵ûʲô飬óһŷ䣬˵Ǵĳĸġ
󵱴˵Ϊһ̲ʱʮһ˵ͻȻԴ׵һЩͬ飡
ͨǰĽ˵֪ڴ󣬺ܴɵĿ˺ܶһӶ飬ǾĿ˴˵еĸʬˣһǸĸʬˣֻǵʱǲ֪ʬ˻ʲô͸ֻ֣֮ǾٿǸʬԼʬŵЩʬʱǸͬѧеֵֹˣ


449 Ĵ
ǸͬѧٸʬˣһʬջᱻϵȻ˵κļͬѧҲһԾԾԵӣǼ˾ڸʬ˵ţֻʱԽԽߵ·ҲԽԽ׸оΧԽԽˣ༸˺ҲΪ̫ɪɪȴǷΨǸͬѧûʲôӦ
ʱ༸Ҳһ˷⣬ʣõĴȴ˵ΪɽʱξԽԽģԼо䣬Ϊϴŵŷ䣡
Ǹʵͬѧһ֮󣬾ǿ˶Էеɻʮ֮󣬴ֱˣǸʵͬѧҲʾ޳ɣڴ׵֪֮Уٻ޳飬ȴǳϵģʵͬѧ޳ɣ֮˾Ȼһ㷴ӦҲûУڳΪ֮⣬˾Ȼ񶼸оƵģ
ŷǸͬѧ׵ֱӾתӣһ˫۾Ѿûյķɣն˫ۺһ۾ƵģֱֱĶǣſ˵һëĻǶҵͬѧӦһģ
λͬѧ˵껰֮ļͬѧҲǷ׷תֻ⼸ͬѧתķȴǸе㲻һȻתģ˫Ŀ÷ͬѧһģһһӦеĹâûУ
Ͳˣǰɣתļͬѧһ˵ֻȥоӵĺˣ
ŲǰԼ˵ЦͬѧͻȻӣ׺ΨһһʶͬѧȫˣǶתܣȴתһɲ˾һ¶ã
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˵ֹѾͿҪɽ׶ˣٽصѾܽˣڶ˵ӡֻסһ㣬Ǿÿγʱ϶һֻһɫʵֻɫɫɫǱʬѾʮˣһֻĴΣÿһμ˵ʱ˵òͬϴŵֻɫҲûһͬģ
ص˵Ϣ֪ľֻôһ㣬˸˴׻е˼֮ϹѩɵСʵǰ˰ɣȻɱ˺ܶˣʵҲǿĲ𣿡
ãȥɣ˳ŷһΣʮһ˵ͷתСȥʱСΪ׵ѾĵĹ˵ϣ
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ڱǿ϶ģϾڸʬⶫǱϿɵģҲԸⱩ¶Լ̵ʣ˭֪ҪǱ¶ˣһ˻᲻ٳʲôӣһ˾Ҳ鲻˭ΪһڶʮǰѾʧ˵ˣпڼҲˣ
ҿǼ˵ӾͲǺദģĽľһһ²һ£һԺΪ󣬺ƣ
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ʮֻֻֽ㣬ɰһУǺһ֧һ¯ʮһ򵥵ķԸȻ׼ˣһյķ䣡


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ôҲˣʮһŲͷϹѩɵʵ
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ôģ𣿡ϹѩС͵ʮһϣһ˫Ĵ۾һɣʮһ󿴼ʮһĿԼɵü˵ⲻΪ˼Ҳ𣿡
ʮһϹѩĴ𰸺˵ͷȴеܲϹѩȸнСӷ뿪̲ס˵Һúõ˵˵Һܲϰߣ
Ǳ˵أϹѩʮһĻĵ˵
϶ˣʮһǳ϶˵
ʱõϰ彫ʮһҪĶȫ˹Ȼһ·ͷȥõϰ˵ʮһһȸһȺʬһΣգϾۿǸʬôʮһģһʱֱˣ
ʲôܰ𣿡ϹѩһصĶʮһѯʵ
ȥԱžͺˣʮһ붼û˵˳漴ϹѩԼ뷨æ˵㲻Ҫҵ˼ڲһᣬοղôĺʹ״һ㿴һȹϣһѪˣ
ϹѩʮһĻ󣬵ͷһԼȹӣɵñò֪Ǻߵ˵ô죿ǲǺܶ˶ˣ
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ʲôҪҴİɣϹѩűʮһӽĺȹһ鲼
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Ҳ˵˰ǲеĴֲǣϹѩЦŽӹʮһϵĲпֿ
Ҳǣ㿪ʲôЦ㲻֪ô˧ôʿģһܽħʲˣﶼǵģʮһüëһѱĿϹѩ˵Ļţ죡
УϹѩʮһĻȴǱʾĲмתʮһͽȹӵɶȹΧϣڵϥǵλã
Ȼ˵ӲôÿǴСԣÿȫסϹѩתһ£ʮһ˵
Ȼ仰ȥǰοʮһȴǸо˺ҪǳȹһֱΧϵĶȹ
ˣŵſڰɣñ˽ңʮһһҵһ֮󣬶Ϲѩ˵
ʮһ¯һаںãˮϴһ֮Сǰվһ£СԾЩӣ˵֮ǰҲҪɱ㣬ֲԽˣڴֻأ˵Ҳǽڲģ׹ûдɢ˿ظȥֻأͬĻһͲҪȥǲͬĻҲɱ㣬ȴǻõķӡ㣡


451 
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Ҳҿ϶ǻһֻأǸ˼µĹǻᱻһģǾͦ˵е𷣣ҲпҪģʮһûƭС꣬ǽԼ֪ȫС꣬Ͼʮһ˻Ҫƭ
лл㣬ʹҪ߱ҶںֻҪܺһʲôνģѡظһܳͷһֻأСʮһĻ󣬺ƽӣ˿ûΪҪܵĳͷе־壡
˺пܻһɢģĲ𣿡ѾСſڵϹѩվûסʳеɻ
ܺһҲһҸ飡СͻȻЦЦתͷһϹѩ˵ͺԸһƵģ¾һÿʲôɣֻһҲǺҸģ
ι㲻Ҫ˵˭ԸһˣϹѩСĻƳһʮһĶС˵
Ǻǣϣֹ׽ʦῴҲٿԿóһ㣬οֵôԣСȴǺǺһЦϹѩ˵
ߣð㿴һһǲϲңϹѩСĻѾĬˣȴǲϳϣһָʮһ˵
ˣˣٵһ׷˵ĲˣʮһСĿԼɵֱӴ⣬ֱ⣡
ãлʦˣСҲִţʮһĻлͱ۾ȥˣ
ֻСνˣϹѩȴǲˬˣ֪ʮһԼôأ׶ԼǲϲģȻȷʮһԼǲжһôһ˿˿ĺøеģǲҪģ
סˣһ᲻ʲôӦҪȥĻļˣҲٳһʮһȻſڵϹѩһĹĵӣȴֻܼװûѾ۾С˵С˵ͷʮһҲٶ˵
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ͣүģôϲŮˣϲŮ˶𣿡ʮһʵܲˣһסߵıСıһڣ

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ؼʱֻƿжһˣԼҲڱ˼һˣ
飡
ȷʵжƵĲֹֻôҲ̫һɣĴԼϵǹǿʮһ֪ԼҪ˦ˣҲȷʵһ㣬δȷӦʱ˾Ѿˤ˵ϣ
ԼڿеѪʮһӵʱ򣬲ɵЩôͱˣҸոһ£ʮһ֪ǰⶫӵʵҪȴǿˣҲԲڵԼеģ
үģô·أʮһ˻ֱۣҡվŲԶ˵˵ȴǲ֪ǰʱʮһѾˣ
̫ˣɱ˵˭ҡҡͷƺԼһѪļһǲм
˭ɣʮһѾµ˭ˣΪԼΪֹǰɣһҲһ孹Ǿǵ޵ָʾǰҪɱԼлеĵڰɵˣ
Ȼ壬Ǳ˭ɱģʮһĻ󣬲űŤĿ˵
Ҳݣ汻Сүˣһӻֶôģʮһװȵӣ̲ס²۵
𲻷Ҫǲ²ĲĻ϶ǲǣֱһɣ˵Ķ԰ɣʮһҪŭɵССǰһ˵
Ϊʲô֪֣һɻӣֻǻشȴһֱĽ⣡
˿̵ʮһз콣ĵŴ۵Ĺâն£ȴǼæóŷһˮһйֱԼؿںϣ
˲䣬ʮһһбһɣʮһ̤ǰһ˦һ˳ȥʮһһ콣һ׷նӣ
ҲϴַˣڶƯŮһڿˮֳ֮һԵһֻʬһԺ˵
ֻǸһɤӲŸպ꣬ʮһȴˤ˳ȥ
үôҵİʮһˤڵ֮ѵ÷콣֧ӣŭĿŶȻҲһˣȻվŵɣ֮дһ˿
ԭʮһбڴɵϵʱȻҲը˿ȴûʲôãֻɵըһǳǳ˿ڣԼһҲֻҵĶԷ£Ѫûһ㣡
ƺһЧûбʮһҲˣֻǶΪⶫӺ͹ڵӲ̫ˣ
ֻʮһȴǲбһⶼԼȽǿĹ֮һȴûȡЧⲻܲʮһˬֻǲˬҲǲˬˣŶЦŲмĿԼɣ
ʵ벻ͨôɱģȻ㲻˵˭ɱ壬Ҿɱ㣡ɱӵĿһʮһһֻݵǰԲ֮Ͷʮһ˹
һʮһɫˣ⿴Ƽ򵥵һڷԼ·ͬʱһֻصƣʮһ֪һΪʲôôǿƣ֪һУԼǲҲضˣ
ʮһ˫֮һ˿أһйӡ֣Ȼ֪ӡǷⶫ孵ļһЧĿǰΨһİ취ϾڰڻûȫָҲһʱٻڰΪлŲ֪͵ļһ
ӡʮһһֳʽָ״׳ĹӡϣӡʮһһָͻȻתӭĻƺ˹ȥ
䣡
һһǿӹӡɵײǿıըನֻգۼɢ˿ɺʮһǾ뱬ըģֻĲ˼£ǹǿıըͱɻȥˣ


458 ˭ɣ
ֻʮһûôˣܱըӰ죬ʮһɵͻһѪٴˤ˳ȥֻһӻڰյʱʮһΥȻɵڿתһȦ֮󣬵ϥڵϣֻƳڵϣ
ҿ㶼ˣܱˣ˧𣿡ʼʮһˣǰװӣɵ²۵
ۣ
ʮһҪſڷʣȴһѪֱ˳ǡùӡҲڴʱʮһǰĵϣ
㣡ϹѩԼ˾Ȼܴɵô󼱣ͳŷҪ
վǱ𶯣ʮһͷҲûֱֹ̧ϹѩĶת䣬콣ֱӳУͷ̧˫֮һ˿â
ԭҪϹѩʮһĻ֮ȻвʣǷ޷ͣ˽ŲתеĻȫƯŵŮܵĽʬϣȻʮһȥæҪǿһߵĵ˵ĻͿԹȥʮһˣ
ʱʺʫʫҲоǱʮһΣգԼϹѩŭ״̬ɵȫȫֻ¸кıԸܵĽʬȫƯŮ
ڰʣʫʫϹѩȫټϹѩʫʫĹķģһʱ䵹ҲǴĶԷˣϾСѾͷķĲ˭ԽӵµģʵҪǰôһµĻͦסҪǶతµĻɲұ֤Լܴϣ
ʮһʱѾվһµѪǣһĨаȵЦݣŶͬĿɣ
ȻʵôĿǲƲƲ죬Ǽ˵
ǺǣʮһֻǵЦһ£˲Ϣ֮ϵһ˲ƣ
Ҳݣ㲻ɣ̫ðʧˣʮһϵƸո˲䣬ʼҲǸܵˣɵÿŵĴš
ףԣ
ֻǰʲŸոպ꣬Լҡҡͷˣҡͷͬʱ˳ûŮһ
Сɣ㿴ˣʮһһһͻƣ
ʮһһȣʮһͻȻ䷢һ죬ɻһսİʵˣǸоʮһڵһ·˭Ҳû뵽ʮһȻѡֹؼʱͻƣҪ֪ͻƵʱͲܵĸţʮһȴѡսʱͻƣ
ֻǲ֪ǣһεͻƣʮһ˵ȵģΪһͻѾиоˣֻΪһӵĻûмͻƣʱûа취ˣǸǮǲͻƵģ
ͻƵһ˲䣬ʮһ¶һ˿ԭ˵Ц⣬Ϊһ̣ظоһ˵ԽͻƺôԽʲô˼
ڷĵŵʮһи˵ͬʱҲԽˣԼʱΪҪͻ֮ǰϣڵӿţ
ͻΣǴӶƷƷѣȻʮһôͻƸоȣǶʮһʵȴǸûзϣ
һͻƳɹأϹѩʫʫǣסŮʱ򣬺ݺݵһŷ˶ԷϣĶԷֺ۾ȴǳûһʮһǸ򣬲ɵֹ
ôԼɱˣˣһϹѩһ굶Ů˹ȥͬʱϹѩɵôȤ
ɣϹѩʵĴȤ󣬵۾һ䣬˵֮ԼЦһ£˵ţɣһֱǾ䰡
ҵɣ𣿡ϹѩĻƲƲ죡
ʮһ˵ˣҪɣȴϹѩͻȻǱߵʮһһһɤӲ˰ʣıҲһ£
ңһҪɱأʮһȻ֪ϹѩĶ磬ûĻһз콣ȴǻľ
ߣƾ㻹ɱңǿЦһƻӳӰһͶʮһ˹
ӡʮһмĺһǰһָһָϵĹӡɵȥ
ʮһָķ򣬹ӡһ¾ӭɵĹͺ˹ȥȻ֮ǰһӡɵĹײһʱһǿıը˫֮һ˿мǰҲ֮ǰһӶ£ըĳ
ʮһȴû֮ǰһٴΪˣֻʮһָֻǰһӡһָıըನ֮У


459 ָâ׹
˾ȵʮһһָǹǿıըȻֱɢˣͺûдڹһ㣬һĻɣҲ˰ʺϹѩˣ˭Ҳû뵽ʱʮһӶƷʦͻƵƷʦȻǿĹ
ԭ˶ǲɼʮһͬ׵ľͻ˳дһ˿أֻͱмȡˣ
۲Ҫµ̫磡ʮһЦһһϵĹӡʮһһָ˳ȥ
ֻǣӡɳȥȻǷɣǷǱ˲ƯŵŮ
ۣ
һƯŵŮӡֱ˵ϣûüһͱ˹ӡ棬˭Ҳ֪
ιҪǵʿǰ˰Ůôʮһҵ˵ϣǲˬʮһ
㶮ʲôʮһڰǣǽǿ֮󣬺ǸϽΧЩСʬɱϹѩʮһ˵˻һ˵дʣ
ʩһƲ죬ΧŸкıĽʬȺ֮˵Լ˵Ǹƹףڼֵס𣿻ܿùʫʫһŷ𣿡
ôô£˾ǰˣҲʡһŷһʱ䰡Ϲѩһ۰ʣеĳ޽ıԵһֻʬ鿪ˣ
ǣʮһڰǣıЦһ£ҲϹѩ˵
ã֪˵ǣֻüԵĽʬֻڴ򶷵ͬʱȴСĵĹ۲ܣʮһˮ󣬸оڵѾָ˺ܶˣйҲͻָһЩҲΪܻܿкܶ಻Ķڿţ֪ʮһôֻü֣
ҲΪʮһ룬ʲŻô˵ΪʮһĹͨʽȻȥԹʮһֻʮһ֪ʵ˼ѾյʮһϢˣ
ʱʮһڲٿعӡſŮ֮󣬾ûȥٿعӡΪоŹŮƺûΪԷһѹŵĺһЩ
𣿡ɼԼĶ־Ȼٿŷȥĵˣоܵ裬ɵʵ
̫ˣôأʮһɵĻȴ΢΢Цһ£Цһб˳ȥгȵ㣡
˸£ɿʮһ׳ĻԼʮһ˵ԵĻŭһֱӶŷŻ˳ȥڱв࣬ټǷŭ֣һƵǲСֱӾʹʮһб󻹼дžʮһ
ֻʮһԴԤϵƵģֻʮһз콣һֶӭľϡ
ˣʮһмЦһ
ʮһз콣˫ڵһ㣬ϴ֮ܳߣֻʮһڰת˸ȦܾͻȻһĹĻ
޼Ǭ跨콣Ľָâ׹ǣ
ſھʮһеĽȻԶ뿪ʮһ֣ԼڿƯţʮһÿһ֣Ͼͻ˸һ˿˿Σⲻ֪ʱһʮһڲٿ֮⣬Ҳһٿţ
콣ǰֻ֮ܳΪʽֻŵķ콣ѾʮһȼߵսҲȡʤ
콣ǰ֮˵Ǽ򵥵ķ콣ŽΪûʲô仯Ȼȴһɲ䣬ӵĽʼȻÿһֱ仯ÿһֱ仯ԳһȴǱںϳһɼ
ʮһھʱսˣڰſӵĴڣһĽһַǳͬʱҲһΣյźţ
ƣ飬ĽǿԳƵģԯɽĪаԨΪ飬νҲǽ飬˲֪ǣʱķ콣Ѿ˽飬һһ˺ܾúܾãոѵĽ飡
Ƿ콣һѾˣΪܷѾ˵ˣ˽ͬѰпֽܻ飬Ϊһ
ʮһͲںǷᱻ죬Ϊ콣Ѿ˸ȥ㱻ȥˣҲûκõģͲٿز˷콣ͬһͨĽһ㣬Ҫٿط콣ĻͱҪ÷콣ôͱҪɱԼʮһΪԼȺ


460 ˤС
ò˵ʱʮһǲģŵģ
һʮһ˫ֳʽָ״һӵ˷콣Ľϣ콣ҵĲ
⣡
ʮһһ콣ʱֹͣ˲Хɴȥ콣̳һ˲䣬˾Ȼ
ʱʮһʮ׵ľ룬Ƿ콣ȴһգ۵Ĺʹ̵ɵǰһֻƳգһռ䵽һռĸо
ȻҲܵһв¸͸¶˵ˣһ飬৵һӳŵǰʿסǰʿ˲䣬˵ƶ˷츲صı仯һ˲俪ʼٱ󣬾ͺǳʲôƵģ
εı˵ɢҲţֻǻδ仯ʮһķ콣Ѿŷ콣Ľǰ
æ֮£˫յһһǵʿйеһ
䣡
ײһȻըÿ˵Ķԣ˽һЩĽʬܵĲѾҪɢ˵ĸоһ֮ĳУֱӾͱɢŵѪˮ⣬һʱùſھѾһصѪˮ˿˶֪Ÿ÷
ʱ¥͵͵ۿùϰͷԱǱߵıһ˹ȥζû뵽ôùݣһֱҲʬ˵⣬ͻȻôɷǣӦǾϻںӱߣвʪЬģ
ֹǿýĽʬʵҲܵ˲ڹؼʱ̰ʷӦ죬ٵץסֻʬļӵԼ˵ǰԵ赲һ£ôݵһ˲䣬ʫʫȴǴӻＱæͳһŷıϣ
ıҲǼģʫʫϵһ˲䣬Ҫʲô˵ǰҲһʱ㵽ı
漣ನһ鶼ûУԭʫʫóŷǰûһŷ͵ķټıǿ鲻ܻܶûɵ壬Ȼסеĳ
ǺˣڱըĵʮһɿɾûˣΪʮһûʱӦըһʼʱӾͺһöڵһź󷽺ݺݵˤ˳ȥˤڵϵʱؿѾѪģʲôˣֻܿһֱԼʮִСѪʱڴѪĲͣѪ
ʮһܵҲɺö٣ȻҪԶһ㣬ҲֻԶһѣҵǣڷ콣һ˲䣬ʮһͼæԼˮóйֱֱֻϡ
ڱըտʼʱʮһͽ˫۷ǰͬʱſھңңĲٿԶķ콣
Ȼʮһ׼Ӵһ˲䱻˳ȥڿгһߣʮһпˤˤô˧Ȼѣˤڵ֮ʮһȳѪ֮󣬿ԼѾѪģֱֻۣһ£Ϊйļӳֲû˵ͷ
ֻʮһȴЩԼôĵڼαˤˣѵԼҪĸ֣ˤСӣ
ȻҲֻһ˲뷨ѣʮһŶԼ͵ﶼûܵʲô˺ֱֻҲûʲô󰭵ʱֱվԼɻķ콣΢΢¶һĨЦݣֻЦʱǵѪˮȥһЩ̵ζ
޼Ǭ跨콣Ľָâ׹ǣ
ʮһûȥշ콣ֱ˫Žٴδһз콣Ľ
ʱҲѾӵվʮһʹ˸ղһУ·ŭʱҲǲɵС
Ứ׷ϿѽʮһҲǰķȻǶ֪ⶫ˵Ŀ϶˼ϾֻԼģʲô˼Ҳ֪߶߶еʿɢĺڹ֪һˣ
ټʮһʹ˸ղһУõҲ϶ţ֮Ҳ˲ȥʣµǼʬˣȫϽٴվһ𣬶һʫʫóŷݸııӹŷҲȫԼǰ
ֹǣڰ۲ŵĲ֪ĴҲĵһ㣬Լǰʹ˿Էķó˿Էķ
Ҳ˶СʱɵĹѾʮһ֮ǰȳˡ


461 ɽ
ʮһҪľʱһĨƵóѵЦݣ˫䶯ɵĹѾһʱֱһָ˷콣ϣ
Ҳ˶ɻΪʲôʮһһôʱʮһٿµķ콣Ȼֱ˵ʧˣһ˶һ£ʮһոһаΪʲôһδ֮ʧأ
Ȼ˻δʱʮһٿصķ콣ȴɵˣ˻δӦĺʱΪȴˣֻҲüһ£
ʮһԷһ£˫֮вɵһ˿ȻһʹԭӦеԷӵһ̵ֻܴˣҲ˵ɺпܲԼȴҪ취ɵһĹ
գۼ䣬ɴһѾԼǰʮһֻƺǰ˲Ϣ֮һɾ޴ĳֱ֮ϣʮһֻоӶڲһҪԼ嶼ɢƵģֻҲһ»ʱ䣬ʮһֿٵǰŷģ
ٴαײɵʱһȴڴֱϣһâֱһţʮһεƲ죬ִ֪֮ķʹˣɵüæջֱۣȥӭӣϾԺһΪһλߣ
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ٴһǳƯˤڵϵʮһɵһѪ˶˲ήȥһ˲ڵƵģ
ʮһѵֳҪȴǷֻͽͶѣֻǿĽԴʯǽϣʯǽʮһǵûùԼģ̵ֵģǸʲôҲûʣֻû뵽ȴǳԼпλã
ԼѾ᲻ֿ֣һԼҲͬһѪţʮһҡҡͷô˵ǲе̫ˣǰˮҲǶʱ֮ھͿԵˣ
ʮһͳ˷ˮԼϣԼǰѪϣϣԿһĺ
ʮһɵƺһοΪʱӶ콣̳һ޴ĿҿӣڵĹ;ѾˣŲϵĴѪѪʮһ֪ƾԲԼģֻǰľԼȻҪΣգЩڰļһ϶߲ƵģԼܾ˵Ĳܶ
ȥæʼʮһĲ״󣬾һʮһ˹ȥıϹѩʵĻҲǼæʮһ˹ȥ׷Χʮһԣ
ôǧҵˣʿѾһ̲һʮһɵýʵ
ȿȣˣʮһ󣬼ѵ˵ֻ򵥵ļȴǼľʮһ
㲻к֮ܶķ𣿿óϰʮһıҲʧȥյ侲ŵ˵
ûõģ˵̫ˣЩҲܾȵģʿʱʮһ˵仰ֱʮһ˵
ô찡ʮһӦҲģҲᶪҵģ㲻˵㻰ģıʵĽͺ󣬸ӵĽˣ˫ֱʮһԴԼǰĿ
ıĿǱˣϹѩʫʫҲǿ˳
ĺʱ򰡣ʱһͻأתͷȥùݵſͻȻһȫŵӰֻǴʱӰȴڿЦţ
ǶϽɣѵƾҲ𣿶ϽȫŵӰܴһг˲ţ
һ˿ԸоõܵصϢȻ˲ʧˣƺЩ˺ͻȻֵļһ
ʶȤ͹ӡҺɽȫˣŵӰŵ˵ҪȥԾѹŮĹӡ
ɽôǺɽ𣿡ʲмĶźɽ˵
˵ɽǸвŮĹһҲ𣿡кǼʱĲһ˿ڵģ
ô˵أѾһǾǸ̬ô˵Ҳأǲ˵ʰ˸һۣ˵
ǻǲ֪ǵɪһᣡɽʱѾߵ˹ӡԱߣڼźԼһЩˣ
ô죿͵𣿡ʫʫ˭Ҳһô죬ɵóʵ
ûʲôôģҺסɽһᣬʮһϽܣжܶ죡Цһ£˫֮дһ˿įһ޷ͺֵܼį֪͸ĿǰʵϲסɽãʮһǸܲ˶Զ


462 Ź
˵ϻߣһа취ܼ򵥵һ仰ʮһȴͣ˺üΣİ˶иһ
ư취Ҳа취ȫɱţһʱ֮ʰһʮһʮһĿཻһЦһ£
ʶʮһ˵ͷ󣬶ıŮ˵ߣ˭Ҳͬ⣬ʮһľ
Ҳͬ⣡
ıϹѩԼʫʫ˼ͬ˵
ʫʫͻȻǰһ˵һŷүү֮ǰҵģ˵ǿƵģҲƴ֮أ
˵գʫʫ֪һɫķֱʮһǰһʮһϣŷκʮһƣҲҪԼ߰
ֻһ˷ѣͬƷʦѣȻҿԸоתȴ޷κõҵƣѾ㹻ʹطˣʮһܵԼϵŷɢ֮Ȼ˵
ϽߣȫҺϰ׻о͹ˣʮһоƺһЩıϹѩĲվ
ҲߵģҲҪһ𣡡ıҡҡͷдһ˿
ǸߵģҪʸһ𣡡ʫʫһס˰ʵĸ첲СԴһ˵
ңƾʲôҪģҲϴòãǶҪҵĲŶԣϹѩʮһԼæ˵ͻȻһ飬ͻȻ˵һ취ʮһ
ʲô취Ͻߣϻʮһȴ˫һɣüëһϹѩ
ǻ𣿻氡ɽȻѾ˹ӡһЦʮһ
Ҳݣӡô˼ˣʼɽʮһĹӡɵþȵ˵
˵ĺǵﲻᱻ˼Ƶģʮһƺһ֮˵ҲˣӵĿһ۰ʡ
ҲûĳƵģǰһӾŭˣָʮһ˵
ôģĽǼʰۺǰɣʮһرŵеķ콣֮еǷĿŰʣ
ǹˣ˵ģа취κƣϹѩ˻죬ɵúż˵
ˣһл͸Ͻܣ㣡ʮһתͷһϹѩͷ񰲸СƵģ
ôɱ㣡Ϲѩһƴʮһ֣ŭ˵
̫ˣʮһҡҡͷתϹѩΪʱĺɽѾŹӡߵ˾ǲ׵λˣ
ҹӡĲٿطҿԿǲɱ㣬Σɽʮһ˵
ôãʮһɽĻ󣬱ֳһܳԾӣһߵİʺ͸Уŵ˵
ȻֻҪϽӡĲٿطңͷ㣡ɽʮһĻΪʮһܸˣɵü˵
ǺãҸ㣡ʮһװܾϲӣͷҪɽȥ
͸£ҵȴʱͻȻվ˳źɽŭһ
ӣҲҸҽ˵Ѿ˳ӣȫʤ״̬ʱҲҵĶ㲻֪𣿡ɽƳһɣŵ˵
͸£һеʿǰһᣬɢһĺڵĹâȥȻͰʵ굶ɢĹâһЩ֮
ݣ㻹ˣҾɱӣɽŭһŵĹӡֱɣ
ҲݣʱʮһһǰһָѾڿɵĹӡӡգ
ʮһĻ£ԭɵĹӡ˲Ϣ֮ͱС˺ܶ࣬˵Уɻʮһ֮ϣ
ɣ㲻ɱܵɱɱɽϹ֮󣬵ǰңҵ㰡ʮһջعӡ֮󣬶ɴһתıϹѩ־Ϳʼ·
ҿɫѵļһֻŮ·ֵܵȻô˵ţǽ¿һ㶼ʫʫ־͸
ȫɫѣаֹһҲǸϽȥ
ӣȥץˣҸүɽʮһѾԼĹӡˣҪ׷ͱһѵסˣŭ˵
ȻҵǸܲҵģɲһڱŤĿźɽ˵


463 ҹ·
ȻˣҾɱ㣬ȥҵķɽţĺһڰкһ䣬Ҹҵķһȥǣ
ڰʲôˣССùǰͰֻʣŵļһ
ʱʮһѾܳ˼ľ롣
ҪܵȥʫʫСʵ
֪˵ʮһشʫʫ⣬Ҳǲ˿ͣٵƶţ
֮ܳѾĹ·ˣΪ˶ͨˣôٶ֮Ҳж಻
ΪʲôҪŴ·ܰϹѩȴһ㴭ˡ
ΪǶΪǻӴ·ܣʮһشһϹѩʻ˵ԼܣұϹС㣬岻
󿴼ı˵ͷʮһϹѩӦֱܵȴǲı䣡
ιԼܵģϹѩ˼ĿһıС˵
ҲһῴȫѪʮһȻᣬȴܰԵ˿ϹѩĻᣡ
ЪϢһ°ɣ̫ķˣʮ֮ʮһ˽ŲڵشŴ˵
ţЪϢһ°ɣ·ߣܴܲϳӦһʫʫº󣬴ܵĻ
ÿˣһ滷ɽһɽ£ܵɽ·ɽɽµм䣬ܹ·ϣ·ͨģһ°ʵļ󣬺ǳƨ˵
˵ѵ֪𣿡ʵһ۸У˵ôţ˵˵ǴСùܳм·ǿܵģ
·ܣ·С·е˵ŵЦ˵磬ЩѲҵģϾǰǸģÿһطҪľҪȹ۲ܵĻҳп뿪·
ϣŶб۾һ۸ĿŸУеĵɪӺЦ˵Ųھʹſڵϣ
ڵĸУʵĻɵһ£һ粽ֱʮһԣ˵ϴ쿴һ㲻ڵһʱ䣬ѾԽԽˣھȻҪȨˣʵ̫ˣϴһҪúõʰʰ
ţȷʵҲˣȷʵе̫ˣʮһ˵ͷʾԸеĻͬ
Ǽǲеû¸ˣŵһɽ׷úòãϹѩʮһڻûü˴ĺ
ҲǰҲӦʡˣʮһ˵ͷֱӹϵĽϹѩŵ˵ϣϹѩŭתݵ˵ϣͳˮֱϣ
Ȼʫʫóķֻͨ˷ʤǰüƷʦģھСʱʱ֮ϵƶٻָһЩڽˮĹЧĻʮһſԺܿľͻָս
٣
ʮһϥҲԵϷԼʱһ󿨳ķʻ
ı͸мæվֻ󿨳ȴ˿ûҪͣµ˼ٶһ㶼ûٶȻһ㣡
ҲݣѾôͣأпԶԽԽĳƣɵһ˵
ҹģôˣټ㳤ӣҪǸͣ͹ˣ۾ӵĿһ۸У
˵ҳϣǴɩҲԱһųذлͷĿһ۰ʣһ߲ͼ
ҪֻдɩһĻ϶ٷ֮£Ϊ㣬Ųͣһ۾Ϳ˸еııͬʱǼһ¸У
ҲݣͣٲͣҪˣпѾ׵Ĵ󿨳ɵ˫ֻӵĸˣĺţ
һæɣȻ⳵ǿ϶ͣˣʮһʱҲ۾ӴһԿֵİ˵
ðɣʮһĻ˫ֺʮڷֿ׼ӡǿн󿨳ͣȴͻȻһ̶ļɲ̧ͷȥԭʻĴ󿨳ڼɲ
ι˭ҹҪʲô֪֪ҺпһײǵģһĳŮӴ򿪳Ÿкıؽе
ҹģôһ椿һ󿨳ǲе̫ˣҲ˴ӳ̽ͷŮӣһԵʮһС˵
Ҳȥһ£޹صĻͲҪĴĻȥͶ̥ʮһȴҲ䣬˿ûΪǸŮһ˿ϧ


464 Ϸ
ŮҲµȥ֣һüë˵
Ů̫ˣοϲܱƵŮʮһƲƲ죬ЦĿһ۰ʣŬָָߵϹѩǰı
ˣֱı͸߹ȥϹѩҲʫʫ˹ȥʮһһԼܣʣԼˣҲֻվֻȴûһȥ
Ůǳεģ·ϵʱӻˣͶڲԶСˣĳȥһУǻ㱨ģıһԵĸҪ𣬵һۺֱӶڳͷھؿǵŮӣ
һ÷ǳ޵ŮӣһͷɫĴ˫ϣһɫİȹǰ˵ģֻһۣıͿжϳһ乴ǵŮˣʱֿһ䲻ݵĴ󿨳Կ϶Ůһһ򵥵Ľɫ
εģӶˣŮһֻ뿪̣ͷɻʵ
ǰλŮæɣһ·ͺˣһлģǸ˧ļһǮģϹѩҲǼæǰһ˵ͬʱָһվһʮһ
ŶǮܸҶٱ갡ŮϹѩ˵ʮһǮʱһ˫Ĵ۾ɵһ㾫âȻܿʧˣǱʮһˣ
ϳ˵ɣǮģϹѩһŮʼǮˣ֪ԷӦǴӦˣĿǰҲǮˣһȱľǮˣ
һ£ֻ棬Ǹͷ˧ʻλŮֹŵϹѩһָǱվﲻʮһ
㳵ѣ˭أϹѩһʮһֿһ۳ŮӵĴźʹ磬ɵЩ裡
ΪϲԱߵǸˣŮûϹѩһۣǶʮһ˵˵ͬʱǳʮһ˸ۣ
ҿϹѩŭʮһۼֿ죬ٵϹѩץסϹѩ˫۵ĻϹѩѾһӳ˳ȥ
ȱ𼤶ʮһСĶϹѩ˵
˵ϲߣ𣿡ָһ¸жųϵĽŮ˵
ˣҲϲһģˣŮб۾Ĵһ°ʺ˵ָһ¸УԱûаȫУ
˧磬ô˧һ˵˧Ҫ˼һ˧ֶˣԱˣŮӳʮһգ˸۾˭ܿóŮڹȻϷʮһ
Уϳɣʮһ˵ͷ˵СĶԵϹѩ˵ϳ֮ұ͵͵ڻһС򣡡
㲻ǸŮˣåϹѩʮһĻСһ£һֻСֺݺݵʮһϣ
ˣϳɣʮһҧѵ͵͵ĶϹѩСһ£һ˴󿨳ĸʻλϣžһ˳ţϹѩһߵҪɱˣ
ʮһϳʺҲһ˿ĳԣһ˳ᣬ˿ųڰĸ־ƣɵЩüһŮҹſʻɽϣҳװŵĻһѵĸ־ƣҲе̫˰ɣ
ߣǸŮһǿʮһǼһˣϹѩ߷߲ƽ˵
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ŶûʲôҾ˵һ¶ѣƳһ죬һ£пڳϣ
ʱĳͷڣŮһ߿ųһб۾Եʮһһﻹǵͦ˧ģôһͷɫͷֱǲ˧ˣ
רĿʮһ۽⿴Ůһֱ͵͵ĴԼɵѵɲûŶУҲûɺͺɽУڳˣԼ̫ԩһ
ʵΪС̫ܵ˧ˣý㶼е޷רĿأŮʮһĻ󣬽ЦһЦĻ֦Ҳģ
ᣬСܵ㿴أŮЦ֮󣬺ŷʮһڶԼزƵģװŭӣֻȴһѾе»ȹӣ
ҪСܵˣҿһҲСʮһаȵЦһ£һ˫صĶԽŮ˵


465 
Ҫһ£ǷƭңŮʮһĻڳһֻҪʮһɲץ
ʮһôҲ뵽ŮôåæץסŮҪץԼֻ֣Ц˵Ůȥˣ˵䣡
Ҳû˵ǱİСܵܶ˰ŮӹӳԼʮһסʵ
ǺǣҪˣֻǳһѣʮһ˵
Ϻǣ챼أ½жˣŮΪʮһ
ֻһʮһû˵ٻֻû˵ʵѣʮһѾʮˣʮһʶй˶ʮ˶ʮһǾͿ˵ǿҪˣ
˵ʮһ߽Ů˵ԼѾҪˣû˵ѣֻûиԼʵѣ
Ҳ½ʮ˰ɣǿȥ͸ʮٸһģһʮһȻǹάӣ˵ĻȴǲĽŮҪɱʮһ
Сܻܵǻ˵أʵҶѾҪʮˣӶأŮţ㲻ǰҾʹ㿴
ǰ̵ı˵ôһһиأ뱧һ°̺𣿡ʮһȵӣĽŮӶһƳȻҪԼ͵Ҫܾʱȴ˵ģҾǺþûˣ밢ôһܾ𣿡
飿үŮӺȥûô޳ԼҪˣҪӰһжһһŰһ³
ֻǻȽŮӷӦʱȴֻʮһ˵˵㲻˵Ҿ͵Ĭ˰
͸оӱ˱סˣͷһʮһ޳ܵļһȻֱӱסԼڵҪΪʲôҪͷ
˻
Ůӵһŷ̵˫ֶյòˣΪʮһȻſɶĴӡԼϣ
Ҫɱ㣡ŮҲ̲סˣһɲסԱֱһǹʮһĶͷϣֻһΪʲôûһ˿ŵı飬Цأһɵˣţ϶û뵽ԼͻȻóǹɵˣ
ߣռұˣں𣿸ϽеǮͿȫóŮӵ۾˫֮˸ŵŭ
ɵ˰ɣͷҲǹ𣿶ҸָŵĵطΣŶʮһǿ׳ƵĿŽŮӣƲƲ
㡭ֱǲҪӳåϽߣȻҸͬھŮʮһĻ۽飬ʮһǹָԼʱŭˣһôôҪȻǹָԼĶȹ棡
ͬھðˣȴˣֻǻʹĻŶѣһûԸʮһթЦЦеСǹһ½ŮӵĴȣ
㣡ҶŮһǹֲɵյĸһЩĵʮһĶͷϣ
Ůһ˲ŵӣʮһҲһǹҲŵĲҶһĲСĴ̼Ůˣһ۶˰Լɾˣ
ô£ʲôˣʮһͽŮӽֲµʱ򣬳ڵȴȫѾܵ˳ͷԱߣһһҰΧ󿨳ĳͷ
ҶŶʮһŽŮ˵һԽŮǱ߳Աߵİʺ͸˵³
ǵǸʲôģҺһ̣ǾôңŮӿ߬ŵļԼԵ̣ԼǹָԼı
ǸʲôģҲֻһ˾ʮһ˹ŽŮ˵
Ǹʲôأֻ֪ǺĺǴ˳糵ˣŮӶݺݵĵʮһ
ֻղŻвңҪҰеǮпȫ㣡ʮһӽŮӶݺݵĿ⣬֮ǰŮ˵Ļظһ飡
ҲǽزƲɶѣ͵֣ҲκβңŮӲ˵
ʣпʫʫʻϳᣡʮһûŮӵĿ飬һ֣ıϹѩһһֱӽŮѺ˳ϣһһҵԱߣʮһͰǲŮĶ棬עŽŮӣ
˵˵ɣǸʲôģʮһóһ̵ݸʣҪʱȴǷֶŮ˶ڵԼʮһԥһ£ϲûеȼ


466 
ʲôԼǾ찡ҪҰŮӰһʮһˬ˵
Ǻǣǻ治Ǿ죬Ӧţʱɱ㣡ʮһǰ仹ЦŵģǺʱϵȴͻȻ˫֮иһ˿ɱ⣡
ʮһı仯ֹŮӲˣıϹѩҲǲˣû뵽ʮһͻȻô棬ֻʮһԵİһνӣ
ҪɱңΪһ𣿡Ůһ֮󣬲мĶʮһ˵
ǺǣʮһЦһһз콣ֱӳ֣ŵöŮһ㶣ǽŮӣΪʮһеķ콣Ϊ콣ͻȻŵǰһʮһлʲôûأôͻȻأ
վ뵽ôˣΪһʮһѾ˫һţֱӵ˳ȥŽŮӴ˹ȥ
һĻıϹѩе㾪ˣǿŮȻǹҪǣҲýɱôݰɣ
Ůȫס˵ʱ򣬰ҲǼ굶ǳ˹
ʵϹѩֹʮһͰʣ˵ŮӻûҪһɱĵزʮһѾǵǰֻʮһһֱץס˽Ůӵͷһһƣ˻ΪӦʱһ˳Ƥϣ
ۣ
ʮһеķ콣̵ֺĳƤϷ˾ͺǴڶʱһ㣡
໣
һֽʮһ콣̵λϣһõӰţʮһ콣ʱֱ˿ͺһӰһ㣬ʧӰ٣
ʮһİʣҲһıԵƤϣͬһõӰֺһڰʽγ˲䣬ʧΣ
йˣϹѩǰһУҲ˹ɵʵ
ţӦǺɽ£ѾټѾˣʮһ˵ͷɫĶҪγˮˣ
ڸʲôħ𣿡ŮҲ˲ʮһֱͷˣɻʵ
¸ûйϵģǲС˴ʮһҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵
Ҫе׷ɱǵĻҿ԰ǣºҪǵ¸ңҪһҵǸŮӻΪʮһǱ׷ɱˣԼ
㿴ңҿ㣬ʣıԼϹѩͬĿʮһ˵֮䷢ʲôɸ˵飿
ˣʮһһۣıôıҲĺһأ˵ȷʵ׷ɱˣ
ʮһ˵仰ͿŮӵı飬ԼһҰҾͰӣɵЦЦ˵ǵĵ˲Խģ
ҽˣǿͻȻóһѽһѵģҪǸҷңҿԷַɱǣΪҲһѳǹһѰԶǹһѴھľѻǹŮӲŵӣ˵Լĵƣ
ڼʻλ±𣿡ʮһֱӽӻ˵ŮӳԾı󣬾֪Լ˵ˣת԰˵Ȼ˵ǹеԺɽӦûʲô̫ãЩСӦûõģϾλŮ˵ˣһѴھľѻǹأ
ô֪ڼʻλ±ߵģҽӣʲôλŮŮʵʮһ󣬸Ӳˬ˵Լ֣ʮһע⣬ȴעҪʧˣΪʱʮһѾ绰нͣˣ
ϴ󣬳ˣͣ³һѳǹϱǹ˹
ҵǹҵô㶯أӿԼǹڸеϺ󣬺ǲˬĽе
ʲôУʱһ¶ѣеһӺ󣬱㲻
һ֪ˣһ˾һȺǿԼôһ˵ǮأȴǱ˼ҸˣҪǴȥĻԼԺҲͲٻˣԺԼӦûع⣬ʵ̫ΣˣһˣһȺҸղɫͷ;ƺɫͷɱģҲ࣡
еĻشǵѡ˲˵
ţһǺɽ¸ˣԾͰѳͣɣ򵥵Ĳһ°ɣʮһı˵ǹе˾϶Ÿ˵
ιģҪģԥһº˵ɲԼû׬Ǯȥ֮Ҫ⳥˳Ǯˣ


467 ˧Ҳҳ
ôôϻڷϻֱɱɽȥʮһͷĿһӣҪԼмǹͿΪΪЩطģ
Ӽʮһ֮Ҫȴڼ˵û˵ֻ޷޵ŶԷԼȻһúõĥĥԷʮһģ֪Ϊʲô죡
˲֪ڵЩʲôҲûǸʱȥᣬΪ˲˷֣ʮһߵǰ沿óһŶӵĶͷϣӾͱߵķһʵԼܶˣһָͷ첻
һʫʫһεľѻ㣬ԼҰɣΪЩҲȻרЩɽСܴȰСֻһɽĻҲԱ˷սʮһ˾۵һ֮ԸоͰѴӼʻλóǰѾѻǹݸı
һվͷųǹɨˣǺɽҾͲۣʮһַԸһУ׼֪Ķʱȴʫʫ˵ҸűȥǱΪ˸ʲô
ɽıλúһɽʬ߹ǰȥЩˣȥɣҸоһǿϢѾ׷Ϲˣʮһһ£üͷķ˵
벼󷨶ˣֻӲƴˣʮһԽԽϢͳ˵
ŷŰɣÿܻЧһЩϹѩóɫķݸʮһ
ԱһΣʱûʱչ㣬Ͻպãʮһ߬סϹѩֻС֣ƻǰ
ҪԣʮһϹѩҪ֣˵
ϹѩʮһĻ󣬵˵ͷʮһ˵ܿ˰ɣҪʲôգһһӵģΪ㿴ң˵䣬ϹѩʹӲһͼ壬ݷ˵ĵŽżֱӹʮһĲϣ
㣡һŷɣļֵһŷҪ󣡡ʮһӦʱͼæҪӲȡ壡
ҾԶˣֵС˵˲㣬ҸģֻҪˣ˵ֵһģϹѩʮһĶɵôŭ˵˵ľʮһԶԶģ
ãʮһ䣬͸ܵ黹ϹѩµϴһֱԼĵĸԼƾȻ˲Ϣ֮õĲˣֻգ֮ѣʮһȵĿϹѩֶԷƤĳԼգ۾֪ˣһѾͷģ
ʮһ֪ļֵͲŷԱģΪŷֻһԵĶѣȴõģһǻָƵģпܾ֮ǰϹѩ˵ĿԻָԼƵİ취ԼʱΪǷԷûнܣȴȻˣȻǷһ飡
һɣԶû취չ˵㣡ʮһϹѩ˻˵
϶û廹ңҲŲĵأϹѩӵĿһʮһһѾļӣ
ƭˣϽɽӦѾǧˣʮһҡҡͷ˵ͻȻˣ
ϹѩʮһżĻæҪʮһȥȴͻȻдһյЦôĵӰȻûмӣű
£һȫŵӰ˰׵ľ룬һٳʱѾ˲ʮˣ
һ˧ѣҲҳǻ˹ˣʮһһмĿŶĺɽ֮ǰûܸоõɽʲôΪǾɵһսӦһЩˣϵİŵźѾһЩȶˣʮһɵ̽鵽Էֻй˧Ϊ
˧ѣЩ˧ô뱾ᲢۣɽĴЦͲм
Ǻǣò˵㻹ǹ˧Ȼɱ㣬Ҳ㣡ʮһЦһԴ֪һֻǸ˧֮ʮһûôˣϾ˧ĻǾǴ򲻹ҲڱԷɱ
һ֮ǰ͹˧Ķֽˣ治֪㽻ֵĸ˧ɽЦţǶʮһĳǸν˧Ĳм
ʮһںɽĻǲмһ˵ģֲòɽΪɽʵе㿴͸֮ǰɵʵѾǿˣԼƴҲͻܾˣ˵ĻԼһЩ


468 ǿĺɽ
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̫ˣбԼ˵ֻǸ˧ˣǹСүܰѶ㣬еĶͱҵģʮһ˵
ɽЦ˵㻹ǰԵöû˵ˣ֪ǰ˵ڶ𣿡
ˣʮһ˵ĺƵᣡ
Ҳɽһ˫ŵ˫չͻȻӿֳһȺӺ͹Ӱǵصʮһǳ
ڿԱ˶ӣڿǰͻȻֵһȺצĻûʵĹʱڸܵΧͻȻ併¶ȣ˶еˣԼֻɱ˽ٸƣԼɱĻȫǶԼòĵˣô䵽ֵزأɽҰǵضĶһЩʲôﰡһ̣ᵽ˵һ仰ˣԼǲһˣ
Ӻ͹ֵʮһ֪սʼˣз콣˸Ŵ۵ĺ⣬ǰĺɽͳ˹ȥֻһ仰ʵСܣ
ʺϹѩԼʮһĻ󣬶ûԥתͺѾ嵽ǰĽʬսһֻϹѩһսͬʱһ߻ҪӵϾ˲Ƿɱ˶˶ӦҲֻǻһ±ӵѣ
оˣ۶гǹİԳȺʬһɨ䣬Ҵеλûȫͷһ̱ʵٴչֳϹѩıûʲôΣյӣڿеǹ֮󣬲ɵҲ΢΢һ£û뵽ͷǹôĺã
ڳǹľ޴ټĺܶ඼СʬҲǸëʬԸеɱ˵ǿģ
һΪʲûȫĵȥɱЩСʬʱһɱߵĹֽʬһһһʮһͺɽսĵص㿿ʮһ뷨һģЩС֮ľǸ飬ȻзȴʲôӰ죬ֻҪѺɽŪˣһжˣ
԰ʲŻͼһһĽӽɽȡؼʱ̸ôһӣ
ֻǻδȰʿʮһһδɽ˵ʱһѻǹ
žͼɽͷһǹ˾ȵǣѻǹӵںɽĶͷһ׵㣡
أ˭Ȼ͵ϮңȻֻһССİ׵㣬ɽȴȻŭĴһӾͨ˱˼ҿһƵģ
ֻʮһȴǺܸˣɽôŭ˵ղһǹһЧˣҲǴ˺ɽʮһ˴Ĵָ˰иԶı
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յʮһıžһǹִ˺ɽλãֻһȴûʲôۼɽҲûһôŭ
ʮһһ֪ɽֻͷǹŻоۣıӦҲע⵽ˣҲٶ˵ὣͳȥ
Ǹɽŭһֻŵ˫־ͳʮһ
ֻһֵһ˲䣬ʮһľͷһ⣬ԼôַˣʵôͻȻ䱩أ
Ѿģޱ˴ңʮһڿеʱһŤз콣ڵһ˻ڿеʱѾٴźɽ˹ȥ
޼Ǭ跨콣Ľָâ׹ǣ
ֻһ˲䣬ʮһٴʹ˷콣ĵĽҲǼæĴŽ
ѾĿ˺ɽİʼʮһˣҲǲԥ˫һ˺ɽҲ࣬굶Ҳһ̼˳ɢźڹ굶͸һɹϢ
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óֶζôɽںЦһ£һ£ֻ˫һӣֻùĺĸʵˣ
ЩкܴһֶǴЩǴĽʬ͹ƮģʬɽȻеʬڽʮһ˲ɵһ£
ɽҵģǲе̫ˣ󿨳ͽʬȴ򶷵Ϲѩɵ÷һпʹԱʲôܿȴʲôҲ˵ӣǸе־壡


469 ըѵʮһ
ô˵أǼһֻǸһŶѰϹѩһĵĻűӣһ߸һԵ˵
ϣƢأҪǿûйɹʮһϣһӳˣϹѩһӣѾ˺üеĸУɻͷһԼһ۶Է˵㿴ʲôǲˬ
ֻǺ棬ϴɹʲôϵⲻӦɱĵ𣿡ֱʵĽԼɻ˵ͿϹѩҪ˵۹⣬ǴĽͷתһԣһʲô֪ӣ
ϹѩԼϹѩ͸еĶԻ󣬺˵Ĳ˵ֻһ¶ôȥǰ
ˣϴĶñϵ˲˵ĹЧͻȻǲƵģͻȻϹѩ˵һ䣬ֽͷһԣһϹѩһӵӣ
һ̣ӾͷҲǺܿɰģһ˫˵Ĵ۾˸⣬ͬʱҲӺǸɫͷˣ
飡
飡
Ϲѩ͸תͷȥʮһͰʶˣ˿ȥţĹȻûжԺɽһ˺˻ײһŵɴƵģԶԶı˳ȥ
ǹĶҲǺɽȴȻں֮УһҪ˵ʲôͬĻܾǰźɽĺĵ˺ܶ࣬ȴȻɽò
ȣҲݣˤ뽩ʬȺеʮһһѪ֮󣬴һͼæǿվеķ콣ʵķȥʮһ֪УԼѾˤˣôԴüǷֿԼˤ˶ٴˣԼˣǰʲͬΧôĽʬ֣ԼһҪһҵˤڵϵİʣȻпܱΧЩʬ֮Ķ˺ˣ
ҺãʮһӦٶȿһЩϵԵʱһȺȥæ֮䣬ʮһһһбǴ˳ȥ
飡
һըѪⷭʮһӳһŷһ΢紵ô˱ҪڰϵѪ⣡
ôܶ𣿡ʮһһһʬ֮ŵϵİѯʵ
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ȥǱЪһ£Ϣһ֮˵ʮһץʣһ͵ʱŸǱ߾˳ȥ
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飡
ʮһȰʵ̶̵ʱڣıΪ˸ȡʱ䣬úɽֹʮһǣǹǹ˺ɽԴϣʹĺɽл
ۿźɽҪתȥѰıǣʮһٵ飬һбֱ˳ȥֱںɽը
Ȼûܹ˵ɽȴǳɹ˺ɽעúɽѰıǣ½߷ŵʮһϣ
ǸǹĺҲδ̫һ㣡Ҿ͸ʲôʵɽתʮһ֮ʮһ֪ԼҪˣòŭˣŭһʵǹ˧ĵˣǽе㲻ˣ
ֻǲʮһʼռһ㣬˲ڵǰԲˣʮһںɽĻֻһóһйԼֱϣʮһٺһЦźɽ˵Ǿҿжţ
£ʮһȴǲȺɽӳһһȴ˺ɽ΢ڵһţߵļһֱֱ˺ɽ
ɣɽм˵һ䣬˫һӣһԭʧʱѾǳʮһֶ࣬Żڰеʮһȥ
һĻϹѩˣɵŵôһҪʮһķȥ
ȥֻȣʼϹѩľٶ󣬼æ˵һȻҲһĻ֪ʱ˭嵽ʮһɽսУʮһ˵һƿĴڣ
飡
ڰֹϹѩʱصһתͷȥȴǾȵĲгΪһӵ˺ɽĶͷмλãǾȵǣɽξȻһӵ֮ˣǸǾȵǣɽεѿ֮ǰһƴʮһĵλãʮһξȻҲը˿
ʮһаʵϹѩҲ޷ˣ˵ʲôҪȥֻǾڰʺ͸ۿסϹѩʱϹѩȴԼͣסˣһĪĵ˵ͷȻּ޴ΧĽʬˣ


470 Ƿ
ʺ͸ɻʱԶǴһתͷȥȴǷ֮ǰʧʮһͺɽȻֳˣֻǿȥʮһ״̬ǺܺãΪʮһĸѪѪѪѾȾ·ҲʺѪΣǸող¹ġɽ״̬ԶԾҪٺܶˣȴǲɽ״̬ϿôãΪǲźɽĺȻѾԼĿɽòˣ
ʮһִڵϣĿǰѾԼԿòĺɽǣһĨЦݣм˵ԭúԼסΪԼ̫ѿԵʰҲǣô˧ֶʵ̫ˣ
ʮһźɽǺӿݵԼǶϵһͷǣ죬ǺȭͷСֻ۾ʮһֱӽ֮ǰӶԼ˵Ļԭⲻ˵˳ֻȴû뵽⻰ʱĺ޸ӵļһ㣬֮ǰʮһ׹أѾԺʮһ䵽Ļ˺ãըٳԸã
Ϊ˧ˣҲҳЦòˣΪ˧𣿡ɽһµӣ˵Ļȴǲʮһˣ
Ҳݣ㻹ǲҪԼΪı˧Ǹ˶Сү˧ĺ𣿡ʮһһ˵Լ˧ö˵
Ȼôû֪֮Ҿֻɱˣɽٴ˵һʮһĻ󲻵ʮһػһѾʮһǰһƾͳʮһ˹ȥھۼܺԼĹƣʮһɵЦһ£һ̣
ֻʮһȥκζܵĶֻǽ콣Լǰ÷콣ĽɽһȴѾ͵͵ĿٵĻһģںɽƴڷ콣ϵһ˲䣬źɽͷĻ˹ȥ
飡
ѭȥȴǷһβûеľҵײҲûмʮһϤߣһһ֮󣬻˴˶ţԶȥͺǿˮճһƵģ
˲֪ǣʱĺɽҲ취˷ֿΪһʮһնﵽģʮһдķҲھصطǷԶʱĽԼϣһһ̶ȵȡԷĹֻ⹦ȴǲܳ׻Ϊãֻܶʱöѣֹһָãȡ֮ʩ֮ڵһ˲ң
Ҫ֪ڷˮʦ˵ڵ˻ҵĻô൱ֲģ˵С˵ص߻ħȴʹ÷ˮʦҵʱʹκ
ʹķˮʦ˵ͨûʲôͬǷĻ󷨣˵սɽһˮʦպʹõģ
ֻһ֢ʮһȴһ㶼õģΪʮһھļͳ̶ȫԾܵסַɣڵľҲͨˮʦԱȵģʮһŸôĿŵʹǷȻͨˮʦǰֺ֢ĻҲԲٷˣֱӰԼϽԷˣ
ȻˣǷҲһķˮʦյģϾַѾʧˣʮһҲΪھŻʹõģ
㵽ڸʲôΪʲôڵĹڼ٣Һڴ͸㣡ɽǾ㵵˵ֻǻشֻʮһЦݣ֮£ɽһֻּٵľٴγʮһȥϣԽһ֮˷ֿ
ʮһŴʱѾûһ˿ŵĺɽ¶һĨЦݣԭŷ콣ͻȻɿڶ֮䲻ϵı任ţںɽƾҪĴԼϵһɲǣƻָĴָϰһ䣬лһ˿˿ĺɫĹâźɽȥ

һĲҽѭȥ֮ʱɵ÷׷۾ƺǰһĻţֻϹѩ˷ܵ²㱻Աߵһֻûϣҿйؼʱֻ̳ϣʹϹѩһѪ֣֮
ֻҲûȥϹѩΪλ˷ܣΪҲǿģֻΪˣһкܶĽʬΧţȻĻŸеˣ
ôܶϵҵֱۣⲻܣɽмŷŭȭͷС˫жˣ
ֱʲôѶ𣿡ʮһǰӣ˵Ȼ㲻ţҾʾһθ㿴סˣһҪ濴Ŷ


471 ҲҪһ
ʮһһʦڽѧ֪ʶһ㣬ֻʮһٴξ֣һղһ㣬ָٵı任ţΪڿƤӰϷһ㣬ĴָȻ˫ɫмһ˿˿ĺɫźɽȥ
ΨһͬǣʮһȥķǺɽ󴦣ֱźɽȥ
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һָе˾;ȵķ֣ʮһָȻֱ˺ɽڣҾȻȫ˽ȥ
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ʮһǿźɽԼƣ־Ҫźɽһ£ֻȴʲôסƵģ޷ڶֺ
СүҾͲŽβ㣡ʮһ˫֮һ˿ɫĵȫһӿ֮УͨĴָɽ֮ڣ
ǾͿɽʱҲһ˳׵ıŭˣٽܾۼĺȫ۵ǰ˿֮ͻȻһЩĺ͵ʮһ
ʮһҲû뵽ɽͻȻôһУ⧲֮£ӦҲˣֻýջأٵٴóйѳԽ༫޵٣Լǰ
ͬʱʮһ˫һ΢΢һ£йֱҲֱӺ˹ϣֱһǵӿĺ
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ʮһٴˤ˳ȥһ˿˿ѪʮһʶиǴڵѪֱֻ۴ʱҲĴţѾʧȥƵģ
˻ڰеʱʮһ͸оʶһЩģˣֻʮһȴҧһ⣬ϣʹ̼ԼԼԹȥһΣʮһ֪ڵľ඼ѾɽɢĺʴˣͦһΣҲҪþˣ
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һߵĺɽʱ״̬ȴһҲʮһã˵ҪΪûʲô޸壬ʮһͨĴָԼڵǹӴһ˲ݻڵо͹
ԼǰԽԽ˿ڣԼ˿вϵĺɫѪҺɽ¶ŵɫֻȭͷС۾иǸֳһĨڣԼôһСӵԼΪҪ̰ʮһķӶʹԼ
ںɽĹ㣬ʮһҪúܶˣڸһصһ˲䣬ǾȽϽһЩϹѩԼУ߾ȽԶһıʫʫȫǷĲһеʮһܹȥ
ʮһҪǸҾ׷ظץɱϹѩһʱ嵽ʮһˤλãϵðźʮһſǻ˵ͬʱг޲ţʮһԵĽʬ͹ȣ
ڿȫʮһܵʱ򣬸տʼûǵһȺʬΧʱ˶ˣҪֽвоҪʱ򣬴ɽϿٳıȴߣÿһĻ˦ʮһ֮ǰķըΧĽʬ֮ʫʫĴ£һʮһ˵ԣ
ʮһôҪҰıܵʮһԺ󣬿ԾкϷڵʮһֱͬϹѩһʮһԣҭĺ
ȫҪȫϳᣬпﲻ˾ıϹѩҪȥʮһʱ򣬰ȴǳֹ˶ˣһѱʮһŴ󿨳ȥеһʱ䷴Ӧڰʵܻ̣Ƕ˿·
Ϲѩı˶һۣϹѩЩ˼ʱıȴһץסϹѩָȥʫʫĿһ۵ϵӣĿҲŴ󿨳ȥ
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ͻȻŻˣͷλôн
취ʴһǿŴʮһɢĺʴᶨ˵һ㰲ȫ͵ϷˮЭģһҪͦס
ڰڵŮӣĿǲֵ꣬һ˲ıоȻӿһοʮһֵܺͬϲϹѩһԼ뿪ˣҲе¶ɣʮһҪͦΣ


472 
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ڰڵ֮󣬸кıԼϹѩʫʫǲŷ׷˳ǰóֵˣ۾֮¶һ˿ɵ
ǸëأǻǿϧҪллأҪҲٴøǿɽĴЦţ֮ǰƺǰЩ˸Ͳмһˣ
ȻǰĺɽȷʵֲʵϾ֮ǰĺɽѾţˣοʱĺɽ˶ԸоóɽʵԱ֮ǰҪ˺ܶ࣡ʮһĻ˻Ǹоܲˬǰʸ
ȥһչʮһڿԱߣʵᣬһȴǳ˲ɵĿ϶ʱһֱӭмĿ˵ĺɽ
ʵĻϹѩһıһվ˳һߣг޽УȻҲȥʮһ֪ıͬҲ룬ıʮһ˵ŮѣԼһǮӶʮһĹǮûи˼ҷأ˵׽һ㣬ֻǱ׽һѣ
ıڿϹѩľٶ֮ԥһ£˫һԵ̧ڳһţ˱ȥʮһԽֵĵĿʮһ˫ȥʮһѪգȴ뵽֮ǰ˵ԼһӰ쵽ʮһƣ
ôҲҪͱԲɽǰɢֻʣм䵲ڳŴİʣ˵
Ϊ޵𣿿ҽ㣡ͬмĿ˺ɽһۣ˫ǰ죬ϣһ˿˿ɫĹĴֻۣʽֻƲԣ
ڰԵ˲䣬һɢϢͨʺɫĳ߳Сڰʵ֮䣡
е겻ԻԵ꣡
굶ֵһɲǣʵ˫Ҳһһм俿ƵĿԼڻ˵ĿھϳֵĺɫҲԽԽ࣬ԽԽŨң
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ڴʱһȣ
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û뵽˻вٷսãе㱩ﰡɱ֮ҾȰСˣȻȥӡǱħɽ֮г˶԰Լ˵Ĳмһ˫ȭͷС۾ȴ¶һ̰
ͼɽһֻɿϸֱץٷ굶ֻȴûֱһ˲䣬ʵ˫֮һ˿
걬
촽ִ˵ͿѾһץס굶ĺɽͫ׼һɻһϢӰʵ굶ɢ
飡
һһֻը˵ֱڿзţֱԱ߻żɫѪҺԼͷĲţ
ɽԼͻȻڿеֱۣзһҵĽһֻ˿ڣĿŶʱѾЩҡҡ׹İʣһͱŰʶ
굶ĵԱصĻյشڼҪѾѣǿǿ־ڼţ굶еԱһɲǣѾȥˣ
ΪʶģЩ޷̫ǰİʣֻоһݵϢԼҲ֪϶Ƿŭ֮ĺɽһ


473 û֮
ֻǻδ£ʵͱɽһƣһֻߵķһ㣬ƮƮҡҡźˤȥ
ܵʿƵ굶ڰ֮ʧȥǣڵɽ֮ʱɽһתһָֻץסˣ
ˤɳȥİʣɽûм׷ɱΪʱİһ˱ţʹһЩɵ֮ǰͬھʮһ벻ͨΪԼˣԷȻûҿӺеҲȫˣѵҲɣⲻܵģֻһſʹõģҪѪ֤ģʮһôͻȻֺأ
ע˺ɽ֪𰸣ʮһŻбŵİʣһɱ֮ǻ֮бŷʱıȴΪʮһͻȻֶһЩϲǿʮһбŵİʵĲ״ֲһЩģ
ȥΪ㱨ңʮһӻóˮֱ˰ʵλãλãԼۼ򱻴λã
ʿʮһסԼҺʮһҲûʲô󰭵ʱ¶һĨοЦݣ˹ȥ
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Ƕû£ʮһ˵ͷתͷ˫˸ʵʵɱ⣬з콣ҲͻȻ֣תŴ۵ĺӳڵҹգ
һ̣ʮһվǶϹѩһ壬ûһĻʮһԼԼǷվվҲ֪ҪԺˣ
ںɽһкʴڵʱʮһԭΪԼҪˣȴû뵽ͻȻǰŵɢһůȻ徭һһߣھڵߣԭʴڵЩȻһһȫѹһ
ѹһ֮ǹͿʼһһĥɺҲ֪˶ãźѹֻʣһָ׸ǴСʱ򣬾Ȼ˿ҲڼˣʮһôԼԺ֮еָ׸ǴСĺΪ
۲һᣬֺҲûʲôӰ죬ҲȲˣʮһʶع鱾壬۾ʱÿʱɽɣԥĽס˰ˤɵ壡
ʮһſʼ۲ǰɽԼȥ֮ǰǵɽҲܵ˺ص˵ģôڷǵ˵ӣо񻹸ǿһЩأ
ѵԼ֮ǰɽõһкħָãⲻӦðԼǵúѾҲ˰
Ȼû˸еⰡɽ̶̵ʱڣѾֻըֱ˻ȥʱһĿʮһ
ȻûҲǸеܺ棡ʮһм˵ȷʵǳɻ󣬺ħָȻǵһʹãŻɽһ˺ûɣҺħָھҲмأȻϿƺаǶƷʦ֮ǰķˮʦ˵ԿһɱУ
ħָҲעһ仰а޹ʽֻģҲʮһղŻԥʹһеԵɣ
֮ģǸϹѩʮһͺɽĶԻʮһĺʮһ
ô˵أǸôԵһ𣿡ʮһûлͷ˫Ķǰĺɽ˵Ļȴޣ
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ֻʮһŷ콣ֲûжһӡֱӾ˳ȥŹӡ׳ʮһֱ任֮ͣʱߵƣһָյӡֻʮһһӡ
ʮһ£ڿеĹӡȻͲûзκα仯ٶȴÿ˺ܶ࣬һŻʵһ㣬ֱֱӭźɽֻȥ
ҹĹӡɽȻɵиĻϲ֮ǰѾõһιӡˣҲǰ˿ȫĲٿعӡǸʵȫٿعӡĻҲͲᱻԼֵزˣ
ֻǺɽȴû֣Թӡ̰֮ʱʮһȴǣһĨЦݣһּıóѵЦݡ


474 ħָ
飡һײɽڹӡײһײ֮£ɽٵջֱۣϳֵѪӣԼǻڰеתͣĹӡɽֻȭͷС۾һ˿أ
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ϾɽָֻĵĻԸڴŵϹѩǸԼģ
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ʮһĿͻȻӿֵĺ΢΢һ±ӣм˵ôʬ֮ڴܵɽ֮ȡȥ޵Ļ֮ǲҪ
ȻôԲѵĺʬ֮ҲԴʦ֮ʮһŶ滹ȡӿ޻ǵĺɽѧŶԷ쿪˫ִĽкš
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ʮһһϵı任֮мżɫĹΰŵĴĴָźɽźȻ£
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˵ںɽ˵ʮһһָҪ콣ǹӡΪ֮ǰһָ֮һΣһοʮһһָŻôĻ֣̿
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ǹɾ޴ĢƼٵɢ˿ת˲䱬ըĢƾϯıԼϹѩ˵ԡ
ҿڱըһ˲䣬ʾͶ˷ԸǿٵĶ㵽Աߣſĳ赲ǹɱըϢ
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Ҫɱ㣡ʵĻո£Ũ̷Уɽŭİʹ˳˾һƹƹײ
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Ҹǰʵ׽ͷˮʦǷֿģֻʷĳֵתܶණжʧˣҼʮǰǳƽ֮󣬸Ƕʧ˺ܶĶ
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ʮһһз콣һӭźɽͳ˹ȥ콣ͬʮһһһƥһ㣬һһ㣡
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һħһնһһ죡
дʮһԼı˵ǿĵģ˷ܵģֻɲǼ䣬ɽмǱģΪȽʱƮ죬ԼøӵľʵУΪԼĶ𣬶˴ʱŽдһֺҪһ
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ͬ𣬺ɽǻǻԼͬʱһ̴Ѫ˲ͽɽȾѪˣ

ֻǺɽԼ˿ȴǹЦʹԶſڳǿֵ˲ɵ㿴ҿ㣬ô£һϱ˼Ҵ˼Ѫ֮ЦģĪв
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˼ɽˣıƵ˵˵ʿ֪Ҫ⣡
ȻıĻ󣬽ӻ˵ɽҲ֪һ㲻Ҳ׷ǣΪʮһǼһղһĽںɽȴֻˣ


476 ƫɱ
˵ϴһûзѵõ̸вһλһ˵ˣΪ仰˵꣬˻δüӦ˵ǶԻǴʱԶĺɽѾ˴Ҵ𰸣
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478 
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վǱ𶯣һǷŻͳǹĸǴʱһ֧ǹѾָ֪˭ˣ
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ССľһ֮ʮһͿĵط֣·֮оȻ·ȫͬģ
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˵Աߵķ˸֮һӵĲˣֵܸǽ˼ƿƣȻ֪ıԺȾƣһȵĺܶ࣬ǻǸŮϣ


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ʲô˼˵һ㣡ʮһ޹صĻһЩ⣬ɵʵ
ֻǻػشһϵȴСǲǻ̫ˣߵĻ͸ϽߣȻĻٺ١
ʮһҪ֪⻹ûеõ𰸣ͱ˴ˣǲˬŤͷŴ˵ϸˣ˫֮һ˿ŭ𣬡Ҫߣ
СǷȤߣƾʲôƾƷˮʦʵϸ˷·Цһ㣬֮жʮһ˲м
ҿϷߣֻΪɱеϧ˶ѣȴԼˣϸ˲ʮһشٴμ
Ҳûǰɣ浱㲻ɣҲһϣԼҵ𣿡ʮһϸһһŮ裬ɵƿڴʮһǱƢҪǹ˼ɵ򲻹Է綶ٳ콣Ѿˣ
氡ʦ˭ѵû̹ʲôؿ֮𣿲֪غͿǸ𣿡ϸ˱ӵĿһʮһһֻɿݵƤšһɵֱۣĸǸڳź֮Ск


490 
ʦ˵㣬ؿϣҪģֻ֪һϣǾǷݴ棡ʮһͬӵĿ˻ȥֻȻ˵ӲȴڴģϾԷʵأԼƷʦʵȷʵİ
Ȼ㲻˵ǾͱûиˣϸһЦ̫ҽޣסˣҲʡȥˣ˭ģٴ
ʮһԷ仰һֱ˴ͳ±ߣһз콣Ѿ֣˫ĶųϵӰʮһ֮ԻѡȥһΪ̫խˣ̫ˣǳϵ˻ûֻʱԵʧȥʶѣڳϴ򶷵ĻƱػ˼ܶ޹ȻʮһǺЩˣǼȻѾѡ˿սôܾһһɣ
СӣѱˣžЩأþûôķˮʦˣ᲻ɱأҿ㵱ҵͯӺˣϸȻ˵ţȴһѾ˳ʮһĶ棬಻׵ľ룡
ߣ㵱Сүأʮһ£һһ׷ֱӾ˳ȥз콣һ˦һֱ˶Էʮһľһ䲻⣬֪ʵԷ֮󣬻ɵɵվŵȴԷȹⲻʮһķʮһѡȹ
СǶԼ޶ʮһȹȻе㾪ȣȴңֻڷҪһ˲䣬ɿݵֱǰһ죬ֱ۵һɫϳ֣ʮһ׳׷ɫʱȻûзһ춯ʧɫ֮У
ʮһеķ콣һҲǽ׷һʧɫУֻʮһȴûʲôţΪһմһ˲䣬Ѿ֪˽ģ
ΪʱʮһѾб˵֮ǰĹֻһӶѣĹŸոտʼ
ĹĿ԰ֻô𣿡׵Ľʮһʽ֮󣬺ĳЦʮһ
޵Ļʮһϱֳˬɫȴһ˿˿ģҪľ̫ŷɾ裬ֻʮһٴб׷֮䣬޾˳ȥз콣һ֮ǰһ㣬ٴĻӶһ£
콣һ׷նаħʮһڷ콣趯ʱ򣬿ŽĿھб޵ǰըһ˲䣬ԽˣŶԷ˹ȥֻƣһַˮ׳ʿһȥⲻļƣ
ؿųѾһˣеǷǳģȻӶô꣬ʶܶţҲһЩνӵһЩܵļһֻӷ䣬̷ģǵһμ˵ĶԾϵԼͳ˵ĸӽˣ
飡
ĳʱһѭȥȴŴͣ㵼°ͶΪʮһеǱһˤ˳ȥǸҲһ֮¾ȻҲź󷽷ٵˤ˳ȥ˸ղһƺƽ֣˭Ҳûռʲôˣ
ֻһӣؾͷĶеˣΪڿеʮһڲͣѪѪʮһͺҪǮƵģһ˲֮ǰڳڵǸŶСкҲͻȻʧˣؾͿڷŵʮһӾͺǱʲôڿдһƵģӺƵŵȥգ֮ҵ˵ϣ
ŵļæŵȥʮһɲʮһˣҲ϶ﰡϾӶһӶеľӢκûǹΪһǹĻͿ̫źǸСкԼֵظΪԴù̫ˣϾԼĶһЩ񶷼ɺɱ˼ɣڶԷǰʲôǣ
ڼʮһҵ֮ȥʮһǰ󣬽ŵķʮһеʵû°ɣǧ
ȿȣأһվȥСүӣʮһؾȻԼҪΪˣ϶һ˶ԷѾģʲôǻ֪𣿻װ棬һֻһһƣֳֽڵǿվ
ҪϹѩѾͷ͵壬ξҪˣѪͯȻͬ죬ֻôһ£ҪԼʵе˰ʮһԸţ˽еķ콣˫ĶѾվԵѪͯ


491 Ѫͯ
û뵽ȻˣıҸеⰡڵһ㶼֪ˣĲŰһ߽ѵĿǣѵʮһֻȫ۰׵ĻȴĶʮһ
ҲҪԷʲôˣ˰ɣΪ˶㲻ϣСү㲻͵Ϯһдſڵ𣿡ʮһ޵ĻǲмҶԼʵʮһҲ£ΪؿҲڵޣʵͲǺܸߵģֻǾʵʮһȴǹ㲻ֻԼԼȫʢ״̬֮ӦǿԸɵùģԼҲкܶûأ
˾ϲѿܻ֮˵ɣѪͯȥɣһѾֹͣ˳ԶСк˵һ䣬ʮһ߿ɼ֮£ͷѪͯһ֮ʧˣ
ʧսʮһİΪ֮ǰսĶУԼϲŸƶһЩطʹʱʧﵽ䲻ռȻ˵еЧڿѪͯʧս˲䣬һһŷǰĳ֮з콣һ֮һӣ
飡
һ촫ʮһֻоصĴһȭĸо͸оһ̵ζӿһûסһѪ˳ӱˤ˳ȥص˵ϣʮһԸܵԼµĵ涼Լҳһεӣ
ؿʮһǸСкһȭѪɳȥҪǰȥʮһȴ뵽ʮһ֮ǰѾ뷨ɵֹסҪȥĽŲ
ʮһˤϵһ˲䣬ŬվֻǲŸովоһɴٴˤ˳ȥ
ݣѪͯҲδ̫ײһ㣬ôģⲻѧôӴʮһˤʱһ󣬼æ뻳ˮǰȻϹѩ͵ָƣѪͯĽ͹֮£ʮһǵĻӦ
үģСүģʮһŷ콣ڿнţдһ콣Ľָâ׹ǣ
Ż£ʮһ˫Ų·һԵʯϣ˫һţýһ֮緢ȥڵһ㣬ӭٴѪͯ˹ȥ
䣡ʮһѪͯײһʱһػδȷӦͻȻ䷢ı仯أһɾ޴ĳĵؾ͸оһɴϯ͸оݺݵˤһԵʯϣؿڻأĿǰһУɵЩɴܣ갡
ֻǾػڰԸпʱ򣬾Ϳĵ֮УʮһӰ˳ȥֻʮһһ콣Ľָâ׹ǣ
ʮһĴ֮ŵļæ˫ֻסһγΣԼֻһԤеıըûг֣ԥУزɵŤͷȥȴǷʮһӰһ˲Ѫͯ󣬲һѪͯĺϣ
ۣ
콣ֱӴ̽ѪͯڣֻʮһûкܿĵӣΪʮһ֪һȻǴˣҲȷʵˣȴû˵ԷΪеֻѪͯѣ
֮˵壬ΪѪͯ屾ʵϵģֻ˵ʵŻ˵ԷͲѪͯκ˺
ʱѪͯʵѾ֮Уʮһ˼ͬʱз콣ȴ˿ֻͣʮһûнγһѪͯȥͬʱҲţٵر任ţһӡѪͯȥ
꣡
һ춯ʮһδüӦǴ﷢ͿԼǰѪͯ壬Ȼе߸֪飬ΪѪͯʼϰȻԼһתҲ˵ȱֲȻ֮ǰǸƣϰȴͻȻת˹Ҳãڵ߸ʮһ֪ϾЩֵ飬ѲǵջھʱһʲôһҲ˺ַܶ˼飡
ǣ߸֪ǣѪͯϰתʱԼڶԷ󱳵ķ콣ȻҲת˹˲ڶԷĸλãֻԼȷʵûһĸо˿ûвеķ콣ִӺе߸ʮһ֪ģ
ʮһô̶̵һ˲䣬Ѫֿͯ죬һŨѪ֮дֻѪͯһڿˮʮһӡ˹ȥϸֱۣʮһĸһȭ˹


492 Ե
ֻ֮䣬ʮһ˼ȥܻ߽һΪԼľӡѾɢˣҶԷһȭգ֮ҲѾԼĽǰ
ʮһһȣ˲ĵȫӿȥ
䣡
һըըľ촫ؾ͸еһǵذӿ۾ʱǰ·Ѿڸղŵһ˲˻ҽǰҲѾǹˣ
ʮһԼѾͣѾѪע֣ɵ̧ͷǰԶٴվԵѪͯеľѾ޷ˣԼһʹʱ˳ȥôԶһܵôصƣ
ؿԼϵˮĿԻָƵʮһ΢õһЩİرʮһĲԼܷһȭϾԴԼѧ֮ÿʹƣûȡúЧҲûʹƵ£Էһȭ˳ȥôԶľ룡
СһڻҪһ£ҪȵĲҺ޹ص𣿡ްĿѾѪ͸վѾǼѵʮһ޼˵
Уһ£㻹䣡ʮһһг˶޵ıӣ˵СүֻҪһˣҸҪ⳵ϵˣҾȶˣ
ʱˣȻӲǲ֪ʲôô޿֣ȻҪЩˣǾóЩ˵ʵʮһĻЦЦúǲ񣬺ǰԵƺʲôЦһ㣬ǳм˵
ʵȻѪͯʮһҲûκκֵģʮһЦһһһöתͣӡʮһǰɢɫĹâ
ӡڿӡֵһɲǣǵ˫ͻȻðһĹ⣬Ķöӡһһٵ˵
㻹ʶҿоЩ˵ʵʮһ۶ޣʵͬʱһָûӡ֮Уӡɢһ۵Ĺ⣬Ծһ㣡
ߣȻйӡ֣ΪиѪͯʵƷʦĻһһЩ˼ɣڵֻƷѣ˵ĺֶܶҺܾȣҲóҵ֮⣬Ҳһ̤ǰһϵһٶʱ޻ɢһŨʬһֳʳʬŻɵʬͲһʬԱģ
Ѿʵж˸ͲںԼӡʮһ֪û취˵ˣҲٷϻӡ⣡
һھʮһֳʽָ״һӡӡУֻӡݵһѪͯ˹ȥڶһһ٣ʮһֻ֪ҪѪֻͯǸˣôԼ춼һȫˣĻĽվͽԼļˣ
ΪѪͯγǼ̵ģʮҲһôһΪѪͯʮҺͯСģյľҲҪٸˣأǴ˵Ļģ
ѪͯҲץ˹ȡͿԵģҪʱǸոγɵ̥ſԣһҪͯǸոճȫͬھмأγ֮ʱһĸ廳ҵʱ򣬾ҪĸԼγɻǵӤйأһ¸ᳬ£
ǳγɵʱƿؿѧϰаˣͻϵĽӤĸ׵ĸڳʩչаʹӤǲڱɢȻĸѪιӤȥȵӤʮ´ҵʱӤлǾȫѪѪ֮аķٿţ
ʱƣÿһ꣬Ѫͯͻᷢһα仯ֱ仯Ҫ־ĴСԼϣ
ֻѪͯÿһα仯ҪѪ䣬Ϊÿһα仯൱һֽҪȥά֣Ѫͯ˵˵Ѫ⣬˵Ѫ⻹˭ԵģҪʮϣʮµӣΪǸʱϻһֶ˼һжȥսȥ֪˼룬ֻĻӵеѪſṩѪͯ㹻
վڶǸѪͯѾʱضڳź֮ˣ˵ڵѪͯѾһνԶˣԲŻߵﶼڳŶȡžҪľ޴


493 ֮
ҲΪ뵽һ㣬ʮһŻϵĲٿŹӡŶԷȥȻûָһӾſ»˶ԷȴʮһʩչһУ
ȻڼʮһٿŹӡǰѪͯȥ˫֮һ˿мóö룬һģֱĽѪͯͷʮһǣöôͷȥѪͯȻҲоֻۣһʮһͷԼеɵˣѪͯĻѾˣǶûˣ֪ƨ۰
öµ˲䣬Ѫͯ˫֮бѪ⣬һֱֱڹӡϣ
ۣ
ʮһһûסһѪ˳û뵽ѪͯھöĴ̼֮£ȻĸˣֻĿͿԱƵùӡٶȻһԵԼٿŹӡܵɣ
ʮһκε飬ֽ콣͵һ̣޺ضΪʮһҪ÷콣ʲôʱȴǿʮһ콣֮󣬱㲻콣˫ֺʮĬĬһʲôͿ˫ֲͣǰ任ţ
صУʱʮһͺǿĵӰߵӾдʱڸЧһ㣬Ϊʮһ˫ֵı任ȻֻϷ΢΢ɫâȥȻеʥĸо
֮չ۷磬ڵ֮֮
ĿɿڴעУʮһһƷԵľڿлƴ֮ͻȻӿһ֮⣬ɵ˫ֺʮͨһһж޹أر۾ڽϵϴһ㣡
ֹأʮһ͵͵ܻĸУҲʮһ֮Ҳͬһ㣬˫ֺʮȥϵͽڽгƵģ
޺ѪͯȴǺûܵʲôӰ죬ѪͯӭȥĹӡȥʮһĻտʼʱ򣬾Ǳ۾ڲֹͣţ˭Ҳ֪˵Щʲôֻܿü޵γһһĺʬȻ˳ǰγһܣ
ʱûܵӰ˿ԿĻͻᷢǰʬγɵǰһɫĹâ۶ɵĹ⽣ǡʬɵײһڽʬǽ֮䣬һ΢΢ĵ
䣡
һըʶ˯еغ͸УѭȥǳԾŴͣΪǿһȭʮһɵѪͯȻڹӡûȡðƣȻӡѪͯĺ£׷˳ȥѪͯȴҲһ
ȻֻССһȴ˵һ֮£ѪͯûȡþԵƣΪһ
ۣ
ܵʮһ̲סٴ³һѪֻʮһûκεĻ̼ΪһϵȻϵֺαҪأ
ӡѹʮһһ˫ֱն׷ɶĹӡѹȥʮһ˫ѹȥʱ˲Ϣ֮·һֻ޴϶ڹӡϣ
䡱һ촫Źӡ£ɽ·ҵĳһԼĴӣⱻҳĿӶܣһѷ˿ȥԼһ֮жԶһЩĸлһ㣬ǾϽһЩؾеˣΪһĤѾˣԼĶĤǲѾѪˣҡҡԴ֮󣬻ǸоһЩѣһǲһιȥҲеᵽˣʲô
ӡ֮ʮһľӡ룬ɢһһľžĹĵʮһǲɵǣһĨЦݣΪѾܵ˹ӡɢǹɶԹԼӵǿѹѹ֮ǰսɽʱвͬʱֻʹٿعӡķȥ߶һУټΪޣܹɢѹǺٵģ
ڲͬղû쾭ҲĹ߶ģҲھ˵֮֮֮ǰǽȻͬģ
Ϊӡɢѹ֮ζܵ谭ޣʮһֽĿתվмɭɭĿѪͯ˫֮ȴһ˿أΪʲô޵Ŀؿ嶼ܵƣѪͯȴǺûܵӰأ
ϴ󣬼ͣʮһʱԶȴȻһϤʮһûͷ֪˭ǿٵתͷһּۣٵĽͷתʵɪʲôıߵ𣿸Ͻȥ


494 ˵õ
ϴǴɩһģͷİɣѾһ⳵ˣǻ㣬һڱſˣҺÿȥе˵ûκɿĻʮһлһů֪ĻԼӮôһҲ޷ȥҲ˵λȴģֵңʲô֪أ
Ǿһߴȥϴôֻ˲ļһʮһһȻûбֳĵĸ룬ȴǲ֮ǰǰ䵭
ߣû뵽ӡȻǾϲΣͨӡסҵʵǶҵѪͯȴûκεЧһʮһĻ֮ǶԹӡȻɢֿѹΪе𺳣ٴζʮһʾ޾ıӺͳ
ϻ˵Сүɱʮһŭһֳһ˦ǰʹʳָڽһʱʳֳָ
Ǵ򲻹ֱԲڵҲ̫һˣȻ˵ţȴһҲͣ٣ֻɿݵĺƱѪҺֱֻ̧Ƽצһǰͣı任ӡٶ֮죬ʮһֻܿһ㣬ܸܵԷһͨʲô߷ѪͯҲͣ
ѪΪӡʮһľӡܼ򵥣ֻѾѪסʳָڷ콣ĽһĨĨڽϵѪȻ˲Ϣ֮ʧˣͺһ㣬ֻôģ
ʵʮһԷ콣Ϊý飬ԼѪιʳ콣ڵģΪ콣ΪǷ콣ɵĽ飬ĳϣҲʮһΪģҲͣĽ˵ԭ
˼ʮһѪʱΪڶʱڵõһΪĻָҲһİֻֻһΣΪֻеһβŻԻָΪͺҩֿһ
ַʮһҲһ𺦵ģľ𺦲ǺֻܴǻʮһڸоܿѣҪƽָʱҲͻúִܶ࣬սʱ̣ȴһΣգֻʮһ֪ԼʵĻ֮󣬻ȻȻѡ˷
ʮһѪ֮ȴǷ⣬һʮһֲ⣬յԼѪҺ֮Ȼ˯ˣǵģ˯ˣһ˲䣬ʮһһҪҵĸоⲻڿЦ𣿶⻹һЦ
ԼΪһȴûˣԼʵȻҲΪܵӦģʮһȻ֪ģҲܺԼʮһ˵ⲻôĿӸ
ʮһܵƭʱȴǸͲʲô뷨ΪǱѾľӡѾˣۿžҪѪͯˣִ֮£ʮһֻýҧȻԼѡ·ôѪҲҪ꣡
ˣǱƴɣʮһһ𣬶ڼ˵ĿɿڴУȻֳŷ콣һԾ˹ӡ֮ϣ
ǿ֮ԶȻôһϱȥˣôе˰Щ
سʼȻаԣԣΪ𣡡ʮһеͺһƪһ㣬Ǹлأ޶ǴӴ˿̵ʮһϸܵһɰ⣬һɱڵʮһɢİһ԰صİ·һ̣жѾʧȥɫһ㣡
ʱ޵ӡҲѾѪͯڣѪͯھӡһ˲䣬ҵĲҲֻգ֮ѣƬֹ̺ͣ˲ɢȴǱ֮ǰҪӵ׺ǿӭǻվڹӡϵʮһǳ˹ȥ
飡
ûһʵģʮһڸսӴѪͯȭͷһɲǣͱ˳ȥزɵһ죬Զĸȴڿʮһɵһ˲䣬˹ܵͬʱȻѾǰʮһ̣ƺʮһɵĽɫȥпܻᱻøҵĽ
ֻǲȸܵǰѪͯѾһ֮ٴڰзŵʮһԣſѪڶʮһԴǺݺݵҧȥҧȥļƣͺһ˺ܾõ˺ͻȻк˸һʱӣһ˼ɶûУݺݵľһҧȥ


495 ô籾
ϴ󣡡еĸпһĻɵĽĴ󺰵ǴӦ˰Ҫչ˺ϴģҪϴıһҧһڣǿ϶òϱǸļһȥģò˵ĵԶһôһĳ룬ʱˣȥʮһҧǷɻĵȴǣʮһҧ֮϶ᱻݣòϾͻʣҲ֪ʮһ֪ʱĸе뷨θ룬᲻ͻȻȹһ٣
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һѵ˶УѭȥǰһĻ˵ȴǸͬģǵ뷨УѪͯҧʮһԴʱʮһԴ϶ԽѣһȻвԸţȴҲòϣҲôģȻҲͲôһˣ
Ȼ֮ȴǣѪͯҧʮһԴʱ֮еѪȴûзΪһ̣ʮһȻֱѵˣξʧ٣ͺûгֹƵģ
ؿһĻʱͳϴ󣬾ͺ˹ƵģʮһͻȻʧѾȫ֪ˣȻ̶̵һ֮У֪ĶѾ̫ˣǿʮһʧǸоǳĲ˼飬Ǽ˱һţ˶𺳵ħƵģ
ڼʮһʧһɲǣһ㶣ΪʮһֱӱҧأǽžͷӦϴôô׾أԼҹˣϴʲôʱ˵ĹĴβϴȱˣʹԷţʹϴ򲻹ϴҲȻȫˣҲûֻ첲߶ϸ֮ģݶû뵽ĸУҲͲˣֱӾ͵ȥԼܵˣҲﲻϴʲôæ
һߵڿʮһʧһĻʱ򣬾ͲôڵˣΪڿʮһʧʱоѾԤеˣȻѪͯȷǿΪʮһôһӾͱֻǵԤеҪʲôӦԵʱȴѾˣ
ָâĽָâ׹ǣն𣡡ʮһڱ֮ǰѾʹھеһַ֮Ȼֻά룬ǶڵʮһѾ㹻ˣԾ͵˶ΪɳȥǸ֮ʱʮһѾ߽ŸƶԼһԲԶĴͳΪڣޱȥ
һʹ콣Ľʽ仯ʱʮһѾ޵಻һ״з콣Ѿ޵ľն˳ȥȻ˶Ѫͯûʲô̫ӰˣĵȴȻʮһͲ޻˵ȥٿѪͯӸԼƴ
һ̣ʮһһͽһ֮ʱͽĵǮʮһĵȴԼģҲֵܸеģ
ߣʮһͻȻٽԼֻüһһӶʮһеķ콣Ľȥ
ﬣ
뽣ײɲǣȻһŻᷢʮһ͸оһ£ֻʮһûлһ߳Ծı飬ǿǵǣһĨЦݣ
޻˼ʮһĪЦʲô˼ʱͻȻǰʮһȻʧˣһʶĽͷתһߣûпʮһӰʱ޾֪ҪˣҪתͷʱȴѾˣΪʮһӰȻʧĵصٴγˣŲһλöûŲһ£
꣡
ʮһеķ콣ֱӴ̽޵ĺУ޲ֻ֮ټʮһбȻֱӽ޴˸͸Լǰ̳ķ콣⣬޵кްΪʲôԼҪʶתͷȥأԼסܵʶתͷϵԼǱˣôҲڱһ̴尡һλһϵ޵˻ţ
ž޵ҲǸ֮ˣͷҲصȥͬʱһֻȴǼæԼϵ˼£ӿٵǰƶҪʮһķ콣ȥ
ʮһ᲻֪룬ǸŻζһƣ˫һȥз콣ĳ˳ٶȵѸͣȻһȪѪ
û뵽ʮһôɴѡˣȻֱӰγ˲ԼڵĽһʱ֮һɾʹһ˿ɫѪתŭĿЦſʮһıԲģϣԼһĳȥԷ϶ͬӭһƴʱԼͿԽٵֻԼıϷԼԳûʮһԶһ㣬ֻҪ˾룬Ѫͯȫʮһ˵


496 
ȴ뵽ʮһĳ콣ȴ޲ŻŭĿʮһʮһڶ̣һαǸղһʧƭԼʶתͷ̵ģ
Ѫͯ˺ĴһҲ֪óһʲôʮһֻһɫεСƬƬʲôʵĶûп壬ͿǶֱѪͯڣ
޵ĺԼɫںٴαĿ񱩵ѪͯʮһûżȥĽĵʽڵȣһʱ
ڣʮһѪͯӰһֻһӰһӣһ콣ĽĵʽȻʹ˳ʮһӰȻҲʧˣֻһĲӰ
ʮһѪͯ˵ǼͬʱʧģֻǶߵĿȴȫͬѪͯĿʮһʮһĿȴѪͯˣҲޣ
ߣΪһһᱻ𣿡޿Ѿǰʮһм˵ֻƼצһʮһһ˹ȥ
ƣʮһһ֮ǰǴһһĨĪ޿еµЦݣ
޿ʮһ¶ЦݣɵеΣֻͬһһδӦʱʮһӰȻٴʧˣղżһ޵һĻ֪ԼʱˣһԼһҪѡԣʱҲúõĳЦһ¶Է̣
һεľ飬һޱֵĺܵʹʮһӰѾʧˣȻܵͷûתһ£ֻʮһʧ֮޵о͸еһ˿գǸһôζ湥ԼأôˣǰûгʮһӰ˵һζԷһܵԼȥˣ
һ֮޼æתȥһһشԷֻתһɲԭϲõһƸʮһһ飬һ˲˵͹ȣĶʱ˴أΪתʱǰûһʮһ
Ϊ̸е飬ôͲһأձҴһˣôˣôôأʮһȴǼеķ콣ֱӴ̽޵ĺĴٴδ޵ǰش˳ͬʱʮһҲûţбֱӡ˶ԷıĴ
飡
ըбȻҲ޵ըѪӣбҲ˵ˣʮһдϲٰȥŷֻõģʵȴǺĴӴ㣡
ʮһҪ׷ʱȴǸоһɾ޴ײԼĺ֮ϣʮһ͸о岻ܿƵǰ˳ȥڱɳȥͬʱʮһĿҲٴһѪֻһΣʮһȴǺܸ˵ģ
ΪѪͯصһȭԼһײ˻ڷ콣ϵޣʮһֱӴһ³һѪҲ޵ĺϣ
ˮʦѪͶԹһĿãʮһ˻쾭ѪҺԹȵĿøҪԶһķˮʦǿܶ࣬ڿԼһѪ޵ĺϣԷʹıʱʮһиһƣ
ʮһֱһҧ⣬ʱǻڱһɴ̱ǵѪζţ˫ű飬ʮһһţһ⾫Ѫ޵ĺԾֱ˳ȥ
̣
ʱһƬڿϵһƮһһƵḷ́ǿ⿾ʱһӣ
ļһڴʱŷӦŭţҪʮһеĳѳκѪͯһȭʵ̫ˣ¹Ҳ̫ˣ
˷׷ˤڵϣô˵ѪͯһȭʵʵĴϣ֮޵ķӦҪʮһһЩʮһͷĳԼĻƣʮһ¶һ˿Ц˵ԼӦˣӦҲ޼µģΪԼھһƤƵģһ֮Ѿʣ޼ˣ
飡
ʮһٴӦɣݺݵˤ˵ϣ֮ǰڱӡҶֵϸСʯȻʮһҵı˷ĩɼһ»жΪ˵ʮһֻжʹΪһˤ߹ǣֱҲΪֱˤѾʿ
Ȼڸոˤڵϵһ˲䣬ǰϾʹһ˿˿ů⣬޸ϵƣʹվԼе޸ȴǲֹܹ۰


497 
ԵʮһҪ֧վʱȴǷеˣǿǿƳڵϲ֪ʱ˭ѪȾˣ۾϶ѾѪˮģˣ
ʮһ֮Ĩһ۾ϵѪˮ۽ǴһۣҲû̫⣬Ӧǲ֪ʲôʱˣŲԶѪͯޣʮһֿЦô𣿡
Ȼ˵ˣںأʮһĻһ˫ǵӿ޾ԹԹ޵Ĳʮһ˵ԼȻһαʮһϷˣˣ̵ģΪһһӮʮһģȴ֪Ȼһΰܸʮһαʮһϸѹˣŭģ
㶼ѾҴˣ㻹ôҵǲٸôһʮһȻЩҪ˵ȷʮһȴ˿ûһļƣҲʮһΪν˲
Ϊƾڵ㻹ܹ˵ĵĹԵİ޷·Цһ㣬ĳЦʮһ
ѵѹηѵͲսʤĻһȾ̸ˣȻˣٻϰѹ˶ԾһΣʮһ˵Ļɶ˻һֻʮһԵļһ֮󣬱㷴Ӧ˹
ѵΪļһȻҽıҿֱѪͯһȭɱ㣬Ϊڵ㣬ܽӵѪͯһȭ𣿡޲мЦţݵʮһ
ȻڽӲѪͯһȭǾˣǸҲѹ㣬һΣΣԶ޷Ĩȥʵ̾ǲңʮһܹϵسԼȷʵѾѽѪͯһȭʮһץסԼ˶Է²ˣΪĿǰΨһİ취ˣֻм˶ԷΪֵİԼпôһ
ߣɱ֮ɱпһĻˣû֪ұƹˣֻҪû֪Ǿûκ⣡ʮһΪԼĻ֮󣬻ܷŭһִѪͯ뿪أϾӰţ˲ֻ޵ķӦȴʮһͬʱҲ΢΢Щ𾪣
޻£ʮһе𾪵ʱֻ޵ؿڴ̴ĿǲĺɫѪҺ̧ͷŭĵʮһҧأһֻ뻳оȻһŷ䣡
ʮһէ֮»ΪԼۿˣ޾Ȼͳһŷϸ֮£ҲȻˣȻ˵ˮʦʹ÷ֲǷˮʦרعģʬģǰޣ
ֻЩʹõķãȴˮʦЧȻ෴
ֻó֮ЦſʮһһۺֱӽԼϣʮһͿΧͻȻӿĺ޵ӿȥһʱΪĺγһ͵Ƶģĺ˽ȥ
ĺ2ӿȥʱϵƾȻۿɼٶһһţһĻʮһ𾪵ģԼ壬ԿٵĻָ⵹Ҳ⣬ôһŷ󣬾ͻӿôʬȻָܻϼһƣҪ֪Լƴǿɵư
ۿϵ˿ʬӿ£һһĻָţʮһ޲ֱӳȥٸԷκ
֮ǰ㻹ʲô˵𣿡޴ʱһѾȡʤ߸ʤƵģʮһ
ΪһӮ𣿡ʮһͲһ˵ˣȻܻ۸кԼһȥʮһһк֣Żǿǣס޵ģĻһʱܵģ
ѵ㲻ôΪ𣿡޼ʱˣʮһȻ䣬һ㲻ˬαʮһѹҪһûϣˣԱɱʮһ֮ǰʮһԼĻԼͿԵһһԽˣ
Ǻǣ˵ûпɱʵ֮ǰһλǿԵģ𣿡ʮһЦһһ䣬֮һ˷ɫâСӸϣл죡
ŶƾСӣ޼ʮһ˵֮ϱ㸡һСӣɵɻʵʵ벻ƾʲôʮһôϣȻ˵СӺЩϤĸоһ㣡


498 ˲Ž
Ǻǣû뵽л춼ʶл̫ûѾûм֪ˣҲգлվУʮһҡҡͷֳһįӣ޻ûл죬ԲŻװ˵л֣
л죿ʮһĻ޵һ˫ĿĶʮһСӣŵ˵Ȼл죬û뵽û뵽һμѾȥһӵʱˣ㻹𣿡
ϳл֮󣬳ʮһϵǣȻ˵Իͺлö˵ĻƵģʮһ޻ǵ˫оȻһۿм£뵽ʲô˸еƵģ
ɱ˲գۣſʳѪΪѪ̫ͯţʮһôҲиģֻȴƫƫͿ˶ԷȦ֮ǴȦתŵᣬʮһоеεĽ࣬ȫ߸һ֪
лǴģ˭ģƺմӳ˼лعƵģ޳һ֮ڽĿתʮһʵ
˵ɾͻˣʮһ̾һ޵ʻǲشΪһǿǵԼʵˣҲֻ˵ˣֻô˵Ҫһ£һ˵أʵĸأʮһŻԼһµʱ䡣
žӵ˼֮ʮһ˵ʵɣϾӣӦòǸлгӣ
зˮЭĻ᳤͸ҵģ
ǽ𣿡޺Ǹп˵һ䣬һЩʵһϼһ廹𣿡
һ岻ǺܺãѾӽˣûжɻˣʮɣʮһ޵ʻԥһ£Ǿ˵
ԤϵˣһʲôˣΪʲôҪл͸㣡ʮһû뵽ǣԼ˵һӣƺһ㶼⣬ǷԼһԼĹϵ
һҵʦʮһ˵׼˵ʱͻȻоһɾϮ
ۣ
ʮһһѪ˳ŭĿͻȻֵޣ˵ôǲǷˣҪɱɱôСү
ֻǽѵһ£֪ʲôʦصȻһʦͲſڱտڽ֣㶮𣿡޺ǵ˵ȴǰѷŭеʮһˣʲôȻһӽѵԼˣ
漴ʮһһϲ޸һʱӦʶû׼һʱµķծʮһиš
ȿȣƾʲôʦܽң˭ʮһǲмб۾ޣһѾ˭ҲСү
˭㻹ô氡˭ֻΪоԵĻȨ㹻ˣΪأ޳ЦĿʮһ˵Ļȴʮһ˵ĳ嶯ôСү㽲أ㵹ǺãֱӸұȳȭͷôȫǲô۸˵ģ
ݣʮһ³һѪˮҧ˵
ԣ˵ɣ
һŶʦ˼أҵͽ֮츳֪һʲôãͰл촫ˣȻŵţҲ˵ʵǿһЩ֮ҾͻɵŵţҲߵȵһʦ˼ˣҲˣʮһҪΪɲޣ϶ȥѾˣҲ֪глеĵڰ꣬ҲùԷ⵹˵ڰ겻Уʵ̫ˣ
˵һҪѡĽӰˣΪһεĵˣǲ˵һεзˮЭĻ᳤Ҳ޴ʮһŷϻһѻʮһ˵Ļص㣬ַһ䣡
û˵ȴǺ뵱᳤ҸɵҪҳһŵĻǾԲܵģʮһҡҡͷ˵Լ룬ΪĲϲһطţģϲ޾Ҫȥȥ
ǺǣѵһǸ϶û˵𣿡ʮһĻȴЦһʮһ
˵ʲô
㲻λȥеķˮЭ᳤ǵϵŵһ̣Ѿû֪𣿡޸ʮһţǿɵƵĿʮһʮһʱвɵһˡ
ʲô˼Ϊʲôҽε֮ûɣʮһûȥעЦЦı飬Ĳʵ


499 
ΪһεŵţҪһҪΪŵķչŬΪ˸һкʮһʻ֮Ǽ򵥵˵˼䣬󿴵ʮһţż˵ΪŵţҪֹľŮ֮飬Ϊ˱ľΪŵҪʱ̱Ÿ߶ȵѣΪڵʱһһͺпܻᵼɾʹʧ
һΪǵŵʽε֮ʱᱻ֮ඥὫܶǲһҲὫǰ̵úܵܵʹˣҲĺֻһ֮Եǰ䵭
ڳΪ֮󣬾Ҫһػŵţ֪ĻǵѾûʣ޼ˣҲֻʣзˮЭǼˣҲζҪԶĴУֱж֮λȥ
ôҵ֮˽ô㵽˭ҽ֮Ƿƫһ磬뻹ûʮһ˫ʵʵƵĹâֱֱĶޣһ֮˵˵ν֮ඥʹм̵˻£ҾֻΪǵọ̀
ǺǣΪλŵôΪҾǸ˵ˣһһǵˣһʮ꣬һĴߣоˮֵĿɱŮˣ˵ô֪ʮһĻһЩЩˣʮһокſǻ
˵ģֻΪǵọ̀Ϊǵֻй뷨𣿵֪ɹм𣿡޴ЦһǿЦһ㣬ʮһ
ֻˣֻûǣȴǽֻһڽ֮Ĺඥ֮Դǰ˵ĸûзκα仯˾Ƕ֮ǰ˺±䵭˺ܶ࣬㶮𣿡Ǹûʮһش𣬶ֱӾ˵˳
мˣվ˳ɹ˲𣿶ҲΣһǰдҲӦҪŵţڽΣ֮ʱҴŵȻӦˣҾͲʳԣʮһһվ˫Ķޣ˵
ǺǣһǸϲһŰҲô˵ģɽأǳЦһ˵
ε죬һȥģҪôǵ̵ģˣ޿һʮһ˵֮ʱʮһˣп޻ֱӳֻʮһȴǸںһԼǣĵʱԼʵ϶Դù޺Ѫͯ
⳵ϵأʮһԥһ£ָһ´ͳʵ
ʲôʦʲôͽܰѾˣžȱأ²ΪΣڳЦһ㣬ЦЦĿʮһ
Ȼ֪˵ʲô˼ʮһһգգĶ޿ʲô²Լֻǿ˾˵ϣѡ
Сʱ֮ԼתȰ㣬ûǲҪڳڸһߣΪǿӣпܻ㵱ɱ˷˵֮ѪͯĲתʱķȥˣοҪʧʱ򣬿дһ仰Ժһӵʱ򣬾͸˵޻ڵȡ
ʮһһᣬʲô˼ѵ˵ޣǿǼҲ񰡰ȻĻҲԼ߰ҲпԼɣ
ʮһתǱѾΪսʱĳ˵ȫ˵ְ֣СܹؼϣóŷݸܹͬĸУһͷһβ
֮ʮһԣһƿأԼסʮһֱۣǰȥĸڶ󣬵߹ͷλʱųͷȥҪһʮһøŷȴʲôҲûпɵЩɻѵû
ȿȣһ£˵ҪŷأԼĪӵӣվûס˼еʵѯʮһǲҵģΪͨʱĽӴ͹ۿղʮһ˵սʮһеΣϵѾһ൱ߵĸ߶ȣ
㶮ʲôѵ˵Ӷϱ߻Ҫŷϴŷǿ복ڵģкקĿһأƲмӸؽһ䣡
ŷʲôã𣿡еĽͺٴСʵ


500 ѪԻ
ôʲôʲôͼ֪仰۾һɿأһһ䣬ҾļƣһӸˣʲô˼Լһ¶ѣôͻȻҪأ
лһһ뷨ԼΪǴܵನˣӰԼսĻҪԼҲ㣬еĻڲͬʱôһ˿ķŭֻʮһܰѷŭֵ̫ԣ
˵ʮһڿȥ·ܷˣǼ֮ǰţ֣ǲҪǵúã
ҾΪѣ֮Ц˵
ҲУһصĶǷŭģʮһȴ֪Ϊλô˵ΪҲ֪ԼŷǸʲôõģԲŻڳһקӣ
ֻʮһҲûȥأΪıԼԼһЩҪʣһˣʮһҲڵǷ񻹻ʲôĶ֣Ͼ⸽ôʬ֣Ѿ˵⸽Ǻܸɾ
һ֮Ĺϵʮһûȥ̽ԵԵ䲻һ֣޷Ǿһӽ֮˼ңֻôͱأںһʱӣһںһӷֿ֮ģֻЩֻĲ²⣬Ȼȥһʱȥһ£Ųһӻأ
ڸеĲ˴Լʮӵ·̣ʮһоĹȵָһЩˣҲͲøвˣԼߣֻǸкȴǱϵȥԻҪ˼һЩ飡
ʮһĲǱ飬֮ǰ˵Ļ˵ģ֮ǰڳվڿǸвıزһģֻôҵıأ
أôҵıģʮһ뵽ʣֱӰؽ˹м״Ҳ˹
ʵ˵żȻҵıΪڽϺ;ͻʱÿˣҾıǰһͬսѵϼҾƽУ˵֮ĺӱı͵ƽеĹ¶ԺҾȥû뵽Ȼͬİ೵ʮһʻû˿ȫ˵˳ϾҲûбҪȥ
֮ǰ˵֯Ѿʲô˼ʮһûжصĻشӦֱӼʵ
ģıûʱ˽뿪֯ĳԱ֯ϻȥ飬ʵԱҪ֯ĻǻĿ׼ӵ˵ԷĻ˾ͻὫʵĻ㱨֯Ȼ֯ͻɰɱСǰɱȻٽ֮˵ʬطֲڷֲſʾˣ˵ʱ˿ڿˮϾһ˵ôɤӻһЩɵģ
С飿ʲô֯ȻС飿Цذɣֻǻʮһ˵ȴһŵӣأ
бʮһһԼֵܣ˵˵
ã֮ǰ˵Ǹвıˣʮа˾žˣںпѾ׼ı㱨֯Ѿ㱨ˣ֯ڽӵ㱨𣬾ͻߵʵɳӦİɱС飬ƴֲ֯ҵʱ䰵ɱ˾ͻˣһ˵һѡ
ʮһˣпɾеˣӳһ֮ʵǵ֯ôţ쳯ڸ㰵ɱүģ浱˾Ͳǰɣ
еıʱ¶˳ָԼػĹϸ㰵ɱģǾԲģѾˣΪ˵ѪԻһֱŵģ
˵֮˵ʵɳӦİɱ֮ˣôһɳǼܲܺܶ˰ɣжʲôǹе֮𣿡ʮһûߣǺǵؼʵ
һ㲻̫࣬˵Ӱɣֻÿһ˵ʵ뱻ɱ˲࣬ҲһҲбһЩˣ˵ǿ֣һ㶼űɱ֮˲עʱֱӽһɱ֯ڲɳģһ㶼ЩǹеȽ˵ģıֽȽͻˣһ㶼ǻɳǹ֣ѻǹ֣һǹǹ֣ĻͲǺܺ˵ˣؼǽԼ֪ⷽȫ˵˳
ǳʲôģʮһһ֮ʵ


501 Ⱦֱ˵
ǸС鼸е˶ˣڳҺı֮⣬ֻʣһλսˣҲˣˣҲֻøһˣΪ²ܣҲ϶ᱻ֯һС飬ҿ϶ΪܵżУ̾˿֮жһЩûΣ
˼˵Ҳܳˣѵ˵Ͳ»ᱻ׷ɱ𣿡ʮһͷƳһغ󣬼˵ȻѡܣΪʲôҪȥı
һ˶һԷֻ˵ĻҺı˻ʤĿܵģϾǲǲĵ˵
ҲΪıһĿжΪֻ˵ĻʹоѻǹҲӦĻҲζźпܶԷһʮһĿһأ˵ĻȴǲԼٲãҲڱô˵ԼҲһȽţĹӶҪ֪ԼǱıİԼıҲŶһܱûаҪõģ
ʵҲ԰ǵģǹеǽǻԵģҲǻõϰæģ˵֮ǰʮһô˵Ļܻתߣڼʶʮһʵ֪֮ʮһһֵĴȣô׵ľͷȵĻᣬŻŬĺʮһ˵Լϣʮһһ
Ҿ˵Щǲûʲôô˵ǹеֻǿ˵ĽҾ͹ˣıԼĽҲӡеǸˣʮһб۾һ֮󣬺ǲм˵
ʵʮһ˵ĵҲȫеǹеԲؿԱȵģţҲ϶в࣬ıǸУʮһǵսбǱսȻӹɵģڵѧɱţɱȻ˵ɱҪȸǿֻԼģȴиָģ˵ʮһûмʮһѡԼֵܣ
ı˵ǰսأڸԼһһУɱҲڷٵسɳΪԼнƺƣԼ̹ǲ
ȿȣʵûô˵ģұǸϤǣʹıҲҸϤ֯ϰɱߣҿԱǸطǣҲһ׼ܺùѻǹ͵Ϯĺãھѻǹž㣬ҲûоԵĿԶùɣһ˵ĻζɲǺܺܵģż˵˵֯ϵϤ̶ȵʱͻȻһģ
һǺģ֪𣿡ʮһûתͷҲûͣ½ŲԾһֱǰţƮƮ˵˲²͸ʱе뷨
ˣΪ棬ʶʵ
вҵˣʮһĻشᣬʹһʱ侹ȻûзӦطӦʱҪ˵Ǹ˼ȴǸоһʹ˱Ѿˤڵˣ
³һѪ֮ĨһǴŵѪվǰЦĿʮһһзû̫ķŭһ֮˫ֱȭʮһ˵³çˣֻϣԷһýֻܱȣ
ô˵͵ֲôͨˣֺıһһ֯սѣҾǸıһҲģοһһôˣʮһصĻ󣬱ֳȵЦݣһԵĸж̲סƲƲ죬һƬͬˣ
ˣȻԼˣǾ͸Ͻ߰ɣǰ߾·ˣȥϢһ£컹Ҫȥ¶ԺأʮһЦ˵һ󣬾תˣ
·֮ǰʮһöǰһ£ʮӵʱ任һ׸ɾ·ʮһԼ콣ǸöڿԵһƶ¹װ˶ʮ·뻻ͻ
ʮһôͻһ·Ķˣ֪˵ʲôˣҪֱӺܶ࣬ΧʮһתһȦʵϴ̫ˣȻԼ˽Բµ·ˣ
ʲô˽ԣϽı绰һ£ֱȥʮһ˸һۣڳϴϣ
У绰ʹ绰ʲôף˵ˣԼôأСֹһ䣬æһԴȥʮһһţ
Ӳǲǣֻ𣿡ʮһоȻԤеԼһţߵ˵


502 ɽ
ַ֮˸⳵˾Ƶַ֮󣬾ֱŶȥ
ѾǿҪҹˣټƽֻһͨ߳У·ϵĳҲǺܶ࣬˾Ҳܿ죬ֻǶʮӣӾͣҪľƵǰиǮ˳֮󣬷ıѾſڵˣ
ˣôôðû˰ı³ʮһֱӾ˹˵Ļĵѯš
İɣôأôˣʮһɪ˵˵и绰ʱǸոտ⳵
û˲źãıȻʮһĻǲŵӣΧʮһǶ԰ƵĿһȦûˣ
ҴʱֻʮӶʱѣǿ϶ǱˣǴǶǮʮǮıһʮһ˵˳ʮһĻ
ɩղ˵򳵻˶ǮʱøиǮűҵǮ˳ѯʵͬʱҲӳ
ʮǮ㻨˶ǮıĻո£ʮһĳ⳵һ¾ʹ˳ȥӾǺ˻׷ɱƵģ
ôıܣȻʮǮվסҲſ㣡ıĻش֮תÿ⳵˾һŴ˳ȥָѾһܳȥĳ⳵ŭĴţ
⳵̫ˣô⳵˾лת߷߲ƽһ䣬ȴʮһҲһߡ
ϴֲǮô߰вʵ
˭˵ǮͲΪǿɳܵģҪʮһ۾һɴ˵Ȼڼ˵Ŀɿڴ˵ϲǴֽԷûеϰ
㹻ݣжʮһһĴָȴıһۣˣСƵģ
ôҲˣıȴǿʮһ͸Եأ֮һЩȵĿ
ңıĻ󣬿һûпһ۵ʮһ˫ֱȭò˵
ǣıͻȻôòһ㲻ӦҪ֪ǰСʱ򣬿ǳA֮⣬˭Ӷİ
ûʲô˵ҾҾͰָҲûʲôطȥʱˣʮһһ۲֪ô˵أӹ˵ıлҪʵӣתƻ˵ûп÷䣬õĻǾͽȥɣҪϢһ£ǳԹ緹֮ȥ¶ԺǸС
ˣֻֻ䣬ҲֻʣˣıҪȥսѵĺˣҲͲپΪλʮһôһһˣ
ȥԱߵõһͿԵģؼæӻ˵
ô鷳ͺмһ˯һͺˣʮһȴǰ˰֣ı˵ѷһţԼȥҷȥɣ
֮ʮһϴ˸裬Ȼһڵӷ콣ڲóǰĻֽԼǺʺɰ
ʮһûʲô£һԼϵķʱĵʵ̫ˣҲ÷콣ĽߺħָԼڵʵһη콣ĽʽһʵǸ̫ˣÿͺһʽģ
ǺħָҪãΪʮһһǳ⣬ǾԴӶսɽùħָ֮ԼϺе㲻ԾˣֻԼûвҵԼڻһأԼһֱţǾǺɽ֮󷢳кԼ֮ȻԼѹסˣȴԾ̵̾Լֱ֮У
ڸղź޵һս˴󲿷ֵ֮ƺȻҪ˵ļƣǹؼʱ̵ͻȻӿһƺѹסĻʮһԼڻʲôӣƺסĻԼڿ϶Щһôһʮһ֪Ϊֻбʴ֪֮
ʮһ۹۱ǣǹۿڣڹģԪһԼ̬ƽ״̬һȦת֮ʮһĺһ֮󣬽յ˫һʮһʣ̿Ļֽ֮ḧıɻʮһΪʲôҪôʱȴžһ
ȴʮһḧڻֽϵ֣ͻȻһģͼԭƽȰڷұߵɰУӦֱӷɵ˰У
ʣɽӣʮһȵŻ£ɵеɰͻȻ䷭ת˹ֻıȵǣתɰеɰûȫǵĵʮСɰϸĩ


503 ʬԹ
˱ʷǷʣ廯ʣʮһһձʵһ̧ʸͻȻ䷺һ㵭ĻɫĻסʮһֱһӣʼڿлػͺһ޴ĴųǵģǴɰеļʮСɰȻȫǺʵıʼ۶ȥ
ֻգۼ䣬γһֱԼʮֵСУıһĻ˫֮˸˷ܵɣ
գʮһǰѾȫתɰһʱЩƯɰ׷ǺʵıʼӿֻƬ֮䣬ԭƯŵʮɰȻѾȫʧˣ
еʣһһңжҽʻʮһһ֮һţȻȫƮֱֻ֧֧ŵǺͻȻϵĻֽȥŷĵǺֽϲͣػţ
ıںǰĿʮһÿεͣ٣һâűʼֽ֮УʮһıʣѾĵâеʱıоõʮһһһĸо
ıĸо׼ȷʮһΪһɵĻ꣬뵽ڵıʻ꣬׼ʵʱԭѾѹȥĺȻͻȻ䷢ˣûԤϵģҿӦ죬ʱһĶãֲͣͬʱ֮мæŵڵĲȥѹҪ˵ĺҲǷֳȥһʱͻȻоеϣ
ڻжʮһȶס˾棬Ҳһµʱ򣬿Ĺâ֮УȻͻȻһâʢгһĵֵʱʮһвһ¶һĵЦݣ
ʮһз֮йбҪǿжҽԿз֮ĿǰΪֹǿɱķˣʮһŻһʱҪ䣬ΪʮһҲ֪ʲôʱͻ߰Ĺ֣ʵԼڵе̫ˣŶɣ֮Ǻɽٵոյ޺ѪͯһǶڵԼԿģֻԼȴǰȫĻ
ʮһһԼǷȥŲƱĳ嶯һҪ˸أҪ֪ӼڣԼƱһǮİοûеİ
Ϣһ֮ʮһƺõĿָ֮Ҳ˺ܶడһʱ䣬ĵȻѾָˣ
˸ղźҲʬ˵֮󣬽ĻУʮһÿһζҪֳֵѹţٵؼʱ̸Լôһ£
֪䣬ʮһԼķ֮󣬸оѾе㷺ˣɵתͷȥıȻ֪ʱѾ˯ˣҡҡͷһԼע֮󣬻ߵıǰӸıǺˣϾѾôˣһһǺģ
Ȼʮһԥһ£ڴߴԼʬҪ취ȻĻʼǸ鷳ֻʬôô鷳أ˵Լʹǿȫİһоʬʲôͬһ߷Ժûⷽļأ
׻˵ʱգ̫Ѿ߸ߵĹˣ͵ҲѾʼһæµˣϰĴҴææһ߸ϵһ߳ԣѧķûôֲᱻ۹ʡ
ıҲѾ˯ۣʮһȻ߶û˯ΪԷѾأҪ˵ȴǷʮһڴҲûȥŵĴ·ϴȥˣ
ʮһо˼Сʱνڵʬ˵ھҵһְ취ʮһȴǸˣΪھеķ˵Ҫ㹻Ĺֵ
˵ʬͨʬһԹʬ϶ɵһʬԹʬԹ޷ȥǿȻʵﵽƷʦʵҲǲܣʮһǰʵûдﵽƷʦƷƷʦʵԶأ
ʵƷʦĻֻһˣǾǻ۹ֵ۵һĹֵͿԻȥʬԹֻҲһǰᣬǾҪƷʦʵҺõƷ֮ǰԻ޹ֵûһĻʮһһҪ˵ĳ嶯ˣ
ʬԹȥţʣʮһûʲôøеģΪԼΪ˶գ
ʮһ۾ʱıѾϴˣʮһոϴϣſڴŵȥʮһ֪϶Ǹһ֮󣬹Ȼ˸Уиأ


504 ̵
ϵģʲôʮһûĿŸУǲˬ˵
磿ϴ󣬸ó緹ˣ㲻ɩҲ϶İʮһĻȴװǳԾӣʮһŵĴţ
ССĳѱķ˹㣡ʮһ˸һۺתһıǣԷ߳˷ţ
ʲôЦϴ˭ҳңͶ磬û˸Ҵأкſ˵ֻǻո£Զһһԡ۵ĴŸдһСϹʲô
˿ŸгԱӣɵúЦ˳ʮһиλ˸ǸǴǿקİŹ֮ʮһСĶԸ˵Ǹ裬ǶˣƵĸҶôͨ˶ֵĻҲû˼ǲǣǻȥ裡
ʮһĴ£һ¥ԭʮһǴúõĳһٵģһԼһսĵνбʾͬʱıȴֱӹϵһƱƷˣԭҲܼ򵥣Ϊˣ
ʮһԴıȥˣΪʱ̫磬Ȼ˽Сʱʮһ͸ѾҪŬһεʱ򣬲һͬڷһ̵С꣡
̣пϷĵЩȵ˳
ô֮Уʮһ˽Լֵܵģӣʳ
ûֻΪֺϤΪҵһս˵һ˾ͻϼҸŮһ𿪼̵꣬־֣ʮһʻҡҡͷ˵
ǼʲôأԸôīأ˵䣬ıѾ߽˵ڣͷ˻վɵòĺ
˶һ֮󣬼æ߽˵ڣһԼҲʮƽĵ̣ƽеҲԣôҲСҪ˵Ҳ򲻿ܵģʱ仹磬ҲոտûãԴʱĵһϰŮʰҲûˣ˸λºʮһֱӽö񽻸ˣҲ֪Լϲʲô
Լ֮󣬸жĶϰ֮󣬸һٿǮ֮ʮһĶ棬һʮǮĶԸһ°ɣⶼûм
һʮǮ̣ʮһʵǱһǹݳ޵İһʮǮ㲻ˣ仹СУתһ룬⻨ԼǮҲͲˣ
ֻʮһû뵽ǣıȴǱѡĺǸˣӾͺǶûԹƵģʮһ͸жһ֮ӴЦıЦɵˣ̵ϰﶼЦɵˣ
ıѡ֮µʱıһֱšʮһĶϣʵǸղЦʲô϶ûʲô£
ԩˣֻǾùڱ̫ˣʱԳԣǣǸӣʮһܵ䱻šĻȣæ͵
ߣֻͷԺÿܶҪҳһ̣ıɿŤʮһ֣ȴ˵һʮһ޵Ļֻ󿴼ЦĺǲĸУһתһƣԺҲԶֵܣиҪͬ
ϴ㲻ǲµģʮһĻôҪģţһأֻʮһ仰ȴֻѣ˵˰ɣΪѾܵʮһ˫ˣ
ϰһ˿𣿡нӹǳװ̺װʵ
ûУҺϹȥгõĲȥˣϰеʻ˵
˵̶Ժ󣬱㿪ʼֻССĵȫигԶ
ϵľͳôĶĺ𣿡ʮһ˼֮󣬸оѾˣˮ֮ʵ
ҪаԼŵģŵģıֱܴӽתƵ˸еϡ
Ϻǣôһڰʮһ׼ѵеʱȴǱſڴһḡĻȥ׷׿ȥһŶͷ˹һзӣҲͶʮӣʱĺ滹Űӣ֪һ֣


505 
ӣȥȥˣôпˣϰӽԵ֮һ£æ˳˵
ԭǳȥȥ˰ҽĿһӣ첻ҪһԭⷿӿǵˣҲ֪һԿףлŲͣһô㿴Űɵӣ
ϴ˵ҵϰĽӣⲻ֪Ӻϰ˵ӵʱ򣬸ȴе㼤ץסʮһֵ˵
һ㣬ô࣬ĿҲܴǸսѵĻԲԿģʮһοŸеȻûеȴҲٿһ㣬Ȼһ߳ӣһǱߵĶԻȴѾ˲óԶˣͣôתֱֱĿŶԷҲ˼һ٣
ӣƢһЩ𱬣ǸˣֻǷ˵飬һܲѾôһܻҪϰǳϿҵŲǣСʵ
ΰ⻰ɲô˵糿ԹˣǲǻҪԣѾ˵ˣⷿǮǵģҲ֪ڷ۶ǣҲֻΪ˸ϳѣ˵ⲻǵ£Ҳ˵˵ͿԵİ֪ҵģֻҪӦˣҲ׷Ҫҵ£һԲҪһķ⣡װһƽ׽˵ӣһ˵һ߾Ҫȥ˵һֻ־Ҫŵεļȥ
ӣأ֮ǰѾ˵ˣǲܵģǺܰӵģʵڲǾͲˣμӾȻҪֶţһӾĶ˵
һôôֹˣڸ̲סҪȥֵʱһ⴫˽ʱ˵ķӦǸͬģһºϾһϲ֮ȴɫ৵һ¾ͺ˫Ŀ֮иһ㣬ֱֱĶſڴӰ
ֻʮһȴע⵽ɫб仯ԼĸҲ֮ɫ¶һ˿ĵ飬תͷȥ˫۽Ķſڣʮһ֪˺пܾǸеǸսˣ
ףĲ첻˵ҪҽˣһŴſڽףдһ˿ŭſ
ףˣִˣǰ˰ɣС׵ǰס׵ֵĵ˵
ҪߣǶѾˣε֮תһ˵һűѾˣһһģƾʲôյڶΣΪҲ֪ǵС˼ô˸ϽҶִˣ
ǺǣףȻѾ˵ˣǽҲͰѻ˵ˣҪĻҪôٽʮǮԺÿ궼ҪһԽҶʮҪǽĻ͸ϽʵûǮĻҲһ£ԵʮǮԼǰɣһЦһƳһ֮󣬺ǲм˵˵ĻȴſֱǿŮˣ˵ˣһԵʮһ˶ȥˣ
ʮһ֮ԸкıΪĺֵܣıΪͬΪŮˣſƾһȨƾ˵Ϊкߣ
ôһĻ֮һȭǴ˳ȥȴ뵽ȻһߵһһƸץסˣһ²ףı͸УԼضסˣһȭȻûһȭǿҲͨ˾Ϳץסģҿӵı飬񻹺ɵӣҲ˵ӵʵǿ
˵ȽϵĿҲһʮһˣһΪ֪ԼǸʲôģкаգʮһָ񶷣˵ʵûıĶأҲͿ׵ʵǸӣϾڽ񶷵ľͼɣʮһĻǴھеĲƪ֪ģȴһһε֮ĥģ
㻹ſ㲻Ǻţ𣿲ǽҪӵôˣˣһ׳Ծ֮󣬺ǵĴЦţһʻͿԿóʱжſˣ
˭ΪʲôҪΪŰײûһĻһΪһţӣǾʲôǣǰһץסԼȭͷӾһ֣Żдһʣ


506 ս
СΪǮӵĻشܼ̣ҲӵĻش֮Ҳ˵ʲô˻һ׷ͬѣ˭᲻ҪǮأ
Щ캰˵Ǯ˵νģȫѾ׬㹻ǮˣͺЩűƵģȫͬĵӵĻشܳϿҲʵʮһôģ
֪޹ʼ⣬һӾʮ򣿶ȻҪҵţ׷ŭĴһд޾ĺ⡣
ԲҶҪǮɿֺ˵һ󣬱ٴᶨ˵ҽ˵һ֮ٽѵĻôҶӽʧȥᣡұѡ񣡡
ôķϻҴſҸ𣡡һԼĴ־Ȼ˼˵ˣɵúߣָ״ĺ
ϳʱˣʮһѾҪ̲ס˵ĸУ˵һ䣬Ǯⶼ⣬ſ㻨
ʮһĻʮһп˵ͷżȥ
λֵܣղ˵ҪǮҪ٣ҿ԰㣡˻ûеȴѾȵˣֱӶ֮ǰ˵Ǹ˵
ǮʶĻشſĸУһݣΪӸеϸоһ˿˿ϤУһɱ֮
ǮУдӦһ˵ſȥԱߵȡˣŶӵģȻٻҾˣ
ȷӲȷϵĿŸеݹпŵʵ
ȻڰȡʮҴллǰδеòΪҲоǹϤֻǲŻеɱ֮ԷΪǮ䵽ֵزʱ򣬲Щ˸У
ллңӽӹп֮󣬾һȻת߳˷ţ
ӣ𣿡ʱһ߲ŷӦȴһڸеļϣϲʵ
һû㶼ҵϱ˰ұ˧ûûеһӵĻ棬ǻഷһȭԷţЦŴȤ
ôôҪұ˧ǺԵĺòãˣôǮСӵһʱǲôǮģ˼֮׿ʼǮɣԼֵǲҲʲô飡
˸ϴЩҵǮͷİɣкԺǰ԰ţָһǱ߸ʽȥһڳԵĻ̧ͷʮһ
Ÿе֣һεȫ˹ȥʮһĳʱǺѰ˺͸пǸӳǮϵһ
θû뵽ϸտžӭôλˣоȻһλԼѵĺֵܣ
ǲǲˣȻôǮôͰѷ⽻˰ɣֱ˷ˣ֮ǰķǲ˸ǵˣһԼȻܵӣԼĴ־Ȼô׵ľһҿʣµܵǸţҲҳϣ
ƾʲô˷˷⣿ŲȥǣһĻٴŭˣȫǲ
ûʲôΪʲôСβ¹涨ҪסĻͽǮסˣ˵Ҫң㣡һѾͶýˣֱӾǰڳһǿӲ״̬һվһˣ
ǡôʱܽһӰ֮ǰпȥȡǮӣߵ˫ֽпһʵʵİԷľһ˵лˣҽзȪ֪ôƺһǮ㣡
ĽˣȥҽԺŮɣԺлټĻ˵ЩҲ٣ȪĻȴǰ˰֣һⶼµӣĲԶʮһ˲ɵһ죬13װľֵʮˣ
ǾллˣȪŸһݣ׼תߵʱʮһȴẰһһ£
˲ɻĿʮһ֪ĻΪʮһҪأһ뷨ͲһܳԳǸӵ˻ָҪĻǮҲֵ̫Ǯ˰ɣ
Уһ£ʮһȻҲע⵽˵ֻںʮһŸ˵
ϴôˣȻҲһЩ⣬ȴǲỳʮһڸǮΪϴжǮʮһҪҲ̫˽ʮһˣ


507 
ЩǮҲɣǮ϶ģȻ˾Ͱﵽװɣ͵ˣʮһָ˸леıŵİС˵
ãʮһĻ˵ͷתſȥ
ֻʮһĻȴתͷһʮһǰԽԽ͸ˣбսһ͸һİʮǮǮҲڸռ͸һôǮɣ
ʵز֪ǣʮһ֮ԸȪǮһΪԷսŵʱʮһѾ۲ˣ˾һ֮ˣǸһֲӵģΪʮһϿɱһɲڸеɱֻɱаɱɱһԭԼֵܣȻпУȥ£ôӦţ
ȪϴҸģ˵Ǯ϶㣡ߵȪԺֱӽǸװʮǮİƵ˶ԷĻ˵
ǮѾܸлˣʮǮʵǲܹҪˣȪԭԷʲô˼¶ԷᷴڣΪſȥеʱԷû룬йԱ֮˵ˢһ֮󣬰󶨵ֱֻյһϢȻǱ߻룬߲ſȡǮַʽǵһ˵ҲΪһ˵֪˾Բһˣ
ֻǵ˵ҪڸʮǮʱ׵ˣ˽ʮ꣬һηһİˣԼʶˣ
Űɣϴ˵϶ãȻ˾ͰﵽףвܷȪѣֱһ˻ȥһ
ȥɣϽȥĺӰɣҪԺҪǮҲǵĻˣʮһȪվǷĿԼɵҲ˵Ҹ˶Էһ̨£һʱǻһЩ˼ģ
ллллȪ˵ллתҪߵʱ򣬿һһһӣȴû˵ʲôתͷȥˣ
ˣϽ𰸰ɣ߻һԾװһмı飬ֻĿ⿴ʮһʱȴǶһЩãͻȻֵİ׷ӣһеģԿ϶ߵļȫƽУȻĻóʮİ˵֣ʶԷԷҲһʶһӣǶԷлһôɫŮӣ
һݣֱˣ֮ǰǮιˣһ֮󣬶һ˵תŸм˵߸ǣȥȱףһ£
лͷһʮһʮһ
߰ɣǻغúóԵȥʮһ˵ͷԵı˵һ䣬վſڸȥȻѾ˾Ǿ߰ɣ
ǰɣԵĻѰɣȫߵſڵʱʮһͻȻתһԵһ˵
һأͻȻʮһ˵Ļɵһ£ֺʮһһ£Ȼ˵ʮ˵ʲôҪõĻҲһ־ӳȥʮʮ򣬵ܶʶһǮˣܾټʮһ֮Żʮһȥ֣
ǺǣӽҰʾͿԣԺлģʮһǺЦһ֮󣬱ִŸе뿪ˣԭصӡ
ֻ˭ҲûзֵǣʮһһֵʱʮһҽŽŸ̧Լҵĸ߶ȣˣǾµһ˲䣬ȴһ˳Ŵӿ˽Ÿͨ崫һֱֵϣʮһɿ֮ǰһֱڣ
ʮһղΪʲôҪǸһְȻҪѣŲҪǸҺѣҾ͸Ҳ㣿뿪С֮ıǲʵ
ʵɩϴˣϴղô϶ıģʮһͣȴʮһˣ
Ŷ֪ıʮһ׶ЩɻĿŸС
׸ֱӵıһ˳ӣʲôʱôˣ
УǶ׵ʻʾ˲мתʮһɪ˵ϴѵ㲻֪𣿡
ֱˣﲻʰһûʲôҪߵ𣿡ʮһֱƮȻԼɪˣֱӲˣתͷһԵף
ŶûʲôҪߵģֻǸոʱһ㶫ĶסĵطأԭҲڵʮһشеʻأͻȻʮһԼһ֮˵


508 ϴ
ϴ̫صˣҺĵģпԼϴͻȻͰȥʱˣɵװί
㻹ģΪҲ֪𣿻ǰǼһǰ˵ҵĻʮһһ۸к󣬲м˵ʱû뵽㣬ǾôһĻѾӦˣ϶Լıڽڵʱ򣬰ǻûٺ˵ԼĻ
ۣϴôȷʵǶ˵ģ˵һ¶ü֣ξõĶ֣ҾͲµϴ϶ıģйŵӣȴһٰۣ
ٺ٣Ҷ磬ŶǣǰǸһﻹ˵Ǿϴһ㲻޶˶˵飬һʲô¶һĿĵģ˵ΪĿĲֶΣаֻǸŮƯĺãǼһһûѴɩʱ˵϶һŮǳտȥ֮͸˵ȻǸʮĴɫǣԽ˵Խ˷ܰ˿ûпʮһѾԽԽڵף
˵ĻǶ԰ıʮһɫ֮һҲ˼ĴЦ˵
ʵڶ˵ĻҵǺͬıĻȴҡҡͷӹ˵ΪϴȻǻһ㣬ҲûһһĵزأСôһϴô飬ϴλ֮ҲûС𣿡
ʮһɫһ˲Ѿ׵ĺˣĺĺ׼øб˵ˣȴû뵽˵ˣ
ңɩ㲻֪ϴ֮ǰʶһŮл˵һ룬͸обһӰ˹´ҪܣȴѾ²һ˳ȥ
˭͵ϮңԼ˵ͷأȻ˴ˣ˻͵ϮԼɵ˻ûվȣѾ˳Һõ˴ʱδ߳СԸҲûʲôˣ
ߵ㣬𣿡ʮһüëһ۾һɣŸ˵
ϴ͵ϮҰһԴЩʵ
ҺúõĽѵһ£ʮһ·һ£ƾҪȥ
ϴǸʲôⲻڿ𣿡лЩԺʮһΪʲôͻȻ䷢ҪʰԼȻԼսţǻûŵԺʮһһµĵزȻˣʮһֻԽĻеҲ£ҲܲңҲһ䣡
ڹĶˣ֪Сеһʹ𣿡ıһˣ᲻֪ʮһΪηŭأǺĵĸнš
ô㲻𣿡ıʮһı֮ͷʵ
Ȼ
Ĩ裬㿴˵ǲǸĴܲǲǱ˵˼ˣıһ»иո˯ѣŴ۾ĴŵСĨ裡
СĨıĻˮĴ۾ƳһʮһһֻСצָһʮһصĵһͷ׺γԾĨĶʱСĨǡݡĽԼĶƵģ
СĨ裬ǲǲǣҼǵٹһҵʱ䣬ҪԶ˰ɣ㻹ҪҸȥԵĶʮһĨľٶ󣬲ɵóв
ߣҪǸҲĨԵģҸû꣡ıһʮһ
ݣĨıĻƵģ˵Ľһ㲻ˣ۾ٴ˯ʮһˣ
ҵǺ֪˵һŮ˭ʲô֣ٻıһѾҪ˵ʮһĿŸ׷ʵ
˰ɣǱмҲ˹ݣǽȥԵ㶫ɣоɵʱҲʮһŭˣô˵أ˵ֱӾʮһĸ첲Ŷȥ֪ʱʮһ϶Ҳ뿪ģԼôпܻǽ
Ժ˵ıǰȻôʰ㣡ʮһ߽һһ֮󣬿һЦЦĸУʮһĺǳ
ϴҾؿƿ㻹𣿾Ǵɩ̱ƹҲ˵ģһĵӣһ߽һᣡ
˳ԹʮһҪıȥ¶Ժһ£Ա׷򸾶˵ˣȻǸںһˣ
ʮһ֪ǣ뿪֮׾ͿʼѯʮһԼôʶʮһģ
ЩʮһȻתΪʱѾȥ¶Ժĳ⳵ıأԵһЩ˸У


509 
ӺܿͣһĴԺǰʮһ֮󣬼˾˳
ƽ¶ԺʮһǿѾˮˢЩ˵ӣС
ţˣĵĺӽжǸСŮı赲ǰĴŶʮһ˵
ֻǸп¶Ժֻ㰡ʮһȻʱ˸ЦصĲ֮Уǰ˼ţ
ôû˸ţʮһ˼֮󣬻عͷıɻ˵
Ҫӷܳģô찡ıһʮһסʮһֱۣקԼԣ
֨ѽ
ŵƿʮһ·ŵһɳ˺ܾõζɵһüͷֻǻϸȥĥŵȴѾ˵ˣ
Ǻãʲô𣿡˵һͷ긾ˣһ˫۾˵תһȦСĵʵ
ãǶĸ׵ѣҪ߶ģı긾˵ʻ󣬼æ˵⣡
Ƕĸ׵ѣʲôƾ֤긾ſڣ˿û˽ȥĴ㣡
ʲôƾ֤ĸ׶ѾˣҪǲʶĸ׵Ļô֪أȴֱӾŭˣ˶ȥĸŪƾ֤
ûƾ֤ĻǲԵģ긾˸Ͳһףҡҡͷܾ˵
ǽȥܿ԰ɣҪʮһǰһЦЦ˵
ȻԣܻӭʮһĻ긾ȴһ֮ǰı飬ĴţЦŽӭ˽ȥ
¶Ժ֮ıؾһѯʵζĿʮһʵ벻ͨΪʲôʮһֻǼ򵥵һ仰⿪ŵ긾˵̬ȴǻôĸı䣡
ֻǲֹǲ֪ʮһԼҲ֪Լôһ䣬ʮһֳԼҲ֪ӣװҶӣһҪҸɵĻʮһԸΪԼ̫˧ˣ
֪ôƺ긾һЦǰ·һʮһŽ˵ҹ¶ԺԺ̷ԺͿˣ
̷ԺãƣνֲЦˣʮһͬЦŻصȻ̷Ժ֮ǰɫеģǶ˵νϾأ
ã֪ҪǶ𣿡̷Ժ˳¥˶¥ʵ
ţǵģΪ붹ĸѣǰ˵һСһͯ꣡˵ܣʮһǺŵģԼ붼ľ˵˳˵ͬʱԼԼ˵Ϸװĵӣ
ˣԴһ֮ǰ͵ԺһֱƲֵģҲСһ棬˱öǹƧһҪе׼еûò̷Ժʮһ˵֮󣬺Ǹп˵ٲȻУʮһѾһеаĵˣ
ûʲôģܶʲôˣʼѵĺӣֻʱĹƧѣҰ֮һָģʮһı͵͵Ŀıӵ񣬼̷Ժ٩
䷿ˣʱӦԼŷأܿ˾̷ԺĴһ䷿ųŵķǰ
ʮһ̷Ժָ濴ȥҲͶʮƽҵӣнһĵطôͱ̳һƶũĴһĴ̣ͨʱͨСԼ߰ҵӣŮʲôϷھ봰ϽͨλһȥСŮӺǵƺֻҪһͻᱻƵģʱСŮ˫ֱϥǿŴⷢأ
ϵ֮ǰ̷Ժ˵Ļʮһһ۾ͿȷԼŷСһСŮǶˣ
尢ˣ̷ԺСŮһǲûеõκλӦǸĶʮһЦһºŶȥ
ڷˣҪһЩ֪ĻǾͺпܻ뿪ŶкܶóԵĺͺģ㲻Ǻϲ𣿡̷ԺС˵ʮһҲ˽̷Ժ˵Щ
ûѣҲ뿪̷ԺĻ֮۵
Ҫòֻ֪뿪Żиõģ̷Ժ仰˵úᣬʮһˣҴ仰ʮһһֽ˸еʮһ̷֪ԺӦϣеСӶһõĹ޵ģ


510 ߰
治񶹶޸ĸģҲкܶǱĸģʮһ벻ͨʲôĵĸĸŻὫԼĺ
Ҿ̷Ժģһǣ˼һ㣬һ֮˵תѾʮһ
𣿡գһ˫ںڵĴ۾Ĵʮһ
ֱʱʮһеؿʲôӣһûƯܿɰСŮֻǿΪڳʱӪһֻϣͷһЩݻƣƤҲһЩֲڣǿԿǣԺһǸӣ
ǵģѣԸĻԺԽ壡ʮһ⻹ǵһСӴ򽻵ʵǲ̫֪ôСӽ
ǵ̰֮ǰһأҺõǣʱı˹һֻŹ˫־Ҫȥ
Ҽǵ㣬㲻ң˵Ļȫˣ˭Ҳû뵽˵ôһ仰ıȥ˫εķ֪Ǻã
̷ԺҪ𶹶ȴǱʮһֹˣùֶСӶѣǶԸԸ尢ߣ
Ҹߣ͸𣿡Сʵģʳʮһıסˣ
Ҫ˵ϲɰСŮǲܵģҪ˵ߵﶼһСŮҲʵǲ㣬ϾʮһԼ֪ԼһȥģԼܸܲһƽ֪
Ȼ仹С岻ƭ㣡ʮһЦһ£ǰ۾һգգԼСŮ˵ʵԭһ۰㣬ĻıƽСӶҪõļͥĻܻᵽߣΪĿǰĹҪߵģԺһ찲岻ƭ㣡
Ҳ֪˵Щ㶮ʮһ˵ֲ֮һ䡣
ҵȻöҶѾ˺𣿡С˵İʮһһۣ˵Ҫǰ͸˵ĻҾͲˣһֱңҲԸ⣡
Ļ󣬷ʮһĬԼҲŶʮ겻ʮѣΪԼѧһĻпڻûѧҵأԼǷչ˺һСŮǷ񶨵ģһԼСʮһҲûô磡
Բ𣬶Ҫúõһ£ʮһ˫Ŀ֮дһ˿Σʵǻû׼
֪ˣ߰ɣҪˣʮһĻ󣬺Ե۾֮һ˿ʧ䣬һ仰תŴ⣡
һ̣ʮһֱӶ̷Ժ˵ҲԶ˵߰ɣǻսʤ˳嶯ʮһĿգıͬУҸıʮһֲת̷Ժͬ뿪ˣ
ĺܿɰ¶ԺĴŹϵһɲǣı˵
ǰҲڱ׷ɱݣֻһϰĻҲؼҵģҲڴʱһЩп˵
ʮһû˵ֻǻعŸǽ棬·͸ЩԿǸڸССӰƵģ
ʮһԼҲ֪ΪʲôıģԼȴô᲻ã
һ·Ҳûд򳵣ֻôţͻȻһսǴ΢ʻٶȺܿ죬һ㶼ûйҪٵʮһüͷعͷһһ·ȥҪģʲôüģ
Ǹ·ǲǸղ·Ҳתͷʻķʱɵʵ
ȥһ£ʮһһѣӾԭ·أΪ·滹һĿĵأǾƽ¶Ժ˵Ŀһǹ¶Ժ俪ٶȾ֪϶߲ƣ
ʮһĻıû˿飬ʮһĲǰٵš
¶ԺǰԶʱѾͣŴţھͽǶȵĹϵܺܺõĿǷˣֻǿԿüӵĸվӣģ
¶ԺĴŴʱҲѾˣûйرգǻѾȥˣʮһתͷһأ߱ʾ֮󣬾һһſȥ
Եú⣬ͺ￴羰·Ƶģһʼӻû⣬ǵߵֻвʮ׵ʱһǷֲԾˣôԽԽأ
վסǸʲôģһָغȵ


511 
¶ԺڵСûϲİеĻҾһ˭¶ԺҲҪ˿𣿡װ˵˸ɣֻȷʵ˭Ҳë¶ԺҪС˭˵ʲô⣿οװɻһǸˣתƻ⣡
ҲҪСģȰ컹ǱȥˣӵͦԸ˵һһ仹һһˣ˵Ѿ˲ˣ
ô£ˣѵҪˣһѯţһͳһ̣óһԼϣọ́Ҫλģ
ҲûʲôȻȥɣ˵ȥ׼صݹ̣ȴ֪ڴʱǰӰͻȻһΣȻûȷӦôµʱͻȻԵͬһʹ׼תͷȥȴǲӴͻȻһ£ȻûȻˣΪѾεˣ
ô԰ɣһĿʮһıΪʮһԼôؿڸղʩչһٶȵģ
ţʮһӦһ󣬱ȥĸˣְҲ𣿡
ڶûʱˣ軳ʱʮ갡Щÿ궼ʱһλΣֻÿζܾô֮ǰһֱѼˣ󣬾ͱ͵¶ԺˣıʮһͻȻôʣһºͽԼ֪ȫ˵˳
ʮһĿ佱֮кǵ⣬׼ٵɪһµʱȴʮһѾ˵˱Ļ⣬ֻĬĬĸ󣬵ȴٴγչʾԼʵʱ
ʲôˣﲻӭˣ밤ĻϽߣ˸׼¥ͻȻһߴܳˣһһģΪһﻹֹţͷôĴţ
ˣǺ˷ܵģһ˾Ѿ˳ȥӭ˾ͳ˹ȥȴ۽һӰȻһһߵһ˵ϣ
ǰ֮תͷȥ־ȻıһǰʵŮˣǿղŵٶȣȴҪԼһЩѵ˵ԷʵѾԼˣܵģһԼˣΪԸôսûȫŻᱻıȥģ˰οԼͬʱȴҲڵȴһλᣡ
תۼ˶¥ʮһɫһ˲ΪһСĿĶУ¹˲һȾͷķȥ֮ǰ̷Ժǿģڵķ䣡
ֻǵߵſڵʱʮһȴͻȻͣ˽ŲʹúŵĶ˲һײϣΪʮһ˵̷ԺʶȤĻݺͬϰǩˣʱϰʮΪƤĽ׽ʱҲԴЩСȥĵط棬㲻ͬĻôͱֵˣôɰСӣҪһС˵һԼСĴ¥ˤȥ˵ֻǶ¥Ҫˤ˹ͷУ붼о۰
ģҪǴģϰֻʮҪƤôԼҿߣʮСӰǶǳͣΪûǮҲҲ˰ѾӪˣ̷Ժʹ޵
뿪֮סĵطûУֻʮʮȥﰡһһֻǮĶһ¶ҪǧǮİһҪʦ̺֪ʶذҪҪôݰ
˭ôô࣬ʮѾϰļˣϽЩСȻͱֵǲˣ֮ǰǸٶӦþ̷Ժ˵Ǹˣ
ֿ֮ʮһıԼ񣬲ɵú޺޵˵ôҶˣ
ѵһѪǲˣȥǸŵСŮץŵѪǸ˵ָµСƵģֻǵʮһ˵Ļʱסˣ
ʮһҲܱˣֱһ߽˷УΪĿ˵ǸŵСŮпǶʮһʱÿһһֻһСŮ·ߣ
ʱ䣬ʮһ˫֮ӿŭΪǸŵСŮˣǶֻǴʱĶСѣҪǿĺܶ࣬ȲҲ֣ſڴͻȻֵʮһʱȻ΢΢Цһ£


512 µĶ
һ˲䣬ʮһĺ񶼱ڻƵģҲһ˲䣬ʮһһѶˣ
˭˭ǽģſͻȻֵʮһԼʮһڵıأʵ
ֻȴûȥشĵʻΪǲмҲһĻҪʣȴͻȻǰһʲôԼǰܹȥˣžԼСһҽУתͷȥʱ֮ǰСŮǸСܾȻѾſڵʹˣԭеСŮʱȴǱһ˱أ
Ĳŵ۾ǰСŮɫͷӣ֮ǰſôһգ۵ĹܵˣɵתͷſڿһۣȴﻹʮһӰ
ҲݣôĹڳһ֮۵һ˳һ󲽣ֱײԼͬϲͣ
㡭㵽˭Ŀڶ¿ԼĿ⣬ǿһ֮󣬴ţֻ͵ĻЧһ㣬ôôе㣡
ûŵɣˣѾˣһȥȥһ£ȻʹŶ뿪òãʮһûĵʻƵģ¾ƵĺСʵ
Ҳûбŵأ֪ҵģֻҲһǺòãСԴܽ˵С첲ָһ½䴦ŵһȺڿŵС
˵ʲôʲôʮһϣܺͶΪŶʮһЦЦתѾŬ˵˵ϴ󣿡
ǵģʲôļɫͷӾȻҲشԼʻºûӣôǰ׼С֣ܶȴԷͻȻԼʶıشһ䡣
ûʲôƸϰ壬ﲻҪĻԼʮһɣЩ£ҿǻǻȥɣҲǶ֣ͬʱȰһ仰ΪûȥͷǣֻΪʱ仹ûеѣ
ʮһĻ֮󣬺Ե˰죬һߵıҲе㷴Ӧʮһʲôʱô˵ˣȻʶʮһûãǾôʱĽӴѾ֪ʮһԲǸ˵ˣĻҲΪԼһ仰вԼôһˣ
ҡĺ˵ƾʲôģȴͻȻʮһݹһñң
ǸСܵҽҩѣʣµ㿴Űɣʮһ֪ˣµĿ޷ǾҪôǮҪôȨһ֣ܾñҴĺôʮһܼҲֱӣϵó֮ǰȡֽ
ãҰѻؿ˿ʮһǵñңֿ˿Ǳ߶ûô£ͱſµСܣԥһֽ֮ӹñ˵
ţĻϰ˵㣬¶ԺԱһʾ¥ǵʱ򣡡ʮһӦһͲٴˣ
ҲǸˣǰɫͷϣǮ϶ԲԼܹǵģи̨ǾͼþհɣԽ˱Ǹſڵϵֵܣһ̵ľȫߵˣҲҴȥҲҴҰ
ĵȫȥ̷֮ԺСĵߵʮһǰľһлˣܱܲסҹ¶ԺҶеĺллˣ
̷Ժ̫ˣʮһæڳһ̷ֻ֣Ժô˵̷ԺһԽӣƾ̷ԺʮСô㹻ˣ
ˣ̷ԺҪҪһЩʲôʮһ̷Ժ֮ʵ϶鷳ٴ˵֣Ҫ㿴
ʮһôһ˵֪ʮһʲô˼ˣԼȥȰ˵ͷ֪Ȳǰױģ
̷ԺѶҪЩʲô¸Ұɣȡһȫתͷ̷Ժ˵ֻȻô˵ȴҲûװͲڹҲ֪ʲôҪ֤£˵ֹ֤
ЩϰɣӦû᷽һ㣡ʮһӸһؽӹ֮ʱ˺̷ܶ࣬Ժһ˳ȥ
ȥóԵĺòðʮһŻеĶʵֳһԵı˶һЩʣȻֻ֪һСӣȴǸеԼϲĶȥһ룡


513 ܰʱ
Ҫʮһıû뵽Ȼܹϵľܾˣû뵽ģСӲǶϲԵ
Ϊʲôأǲϲ𣿡ʮһ˵ѾŶ˷䣬ıһԣ¥ݿȥ
׬Ǯ뻨ʮһǮÿԵĺٵģʮһԺͲǮ಻ҪˣͻȻСԴĿʮһ۵˵
Ļʮһһ󴥶ˮСʱÿŸĸ㻨ǮȥóԵĶʱÿʮһԼǮʱˮʡԼǲʮһã˵ʮһԵ㣬һ˵ٻһ㣬Ժ
ֻʮһûбˮʱ˿ĻʮһǼһᣬͲ޳̧ͷգ۾ֹסˮ˵ǮŻģԶ᲻Ҫģ
ǰʮһǲ᲻Ҫģǿɲṉ̃һأıѾĽҪˣԼĺѰΪʲôôʮһһأѵСҲ֪һﳤ˧
ұžͿˣһ۵㣡Ȼ첲Щ飬ʮһЩ᲻á
ʮһҪһᣡıĹʮһ˫չסʮһȥ·
ʮһ壬ҿԼŵģҶˣһǣͱ̵ģ۵
̷Ժ˵¥УһܰĻγˣʮһǣŶ֣ǣıǣһ֪ĻΪһأΪصĽǶȿȥٲȻһڵӣ뵽زɵóֻ׼˵ıӰһƬ
ҾӦȸ򼸼·ȥ˳⳵֮ıʮһ˵
ҿҲУȸȥ򼸼ÿ·òðʮһ˵ͷعͷںĶ
ʮһģǹɵĵ˵ͷʹıǼˣôôʮһһأһ㶼ѧ
ӺܿͣһнֵڣȫװģǸ̳ͯװģн滹гԵģ
ʮһǮ֮˾ʦʮһ˵ģʹʮһòп˻ҪȻ˶డ
ô˶˳֮ʮһֶе㲻ߣɵʵ
кö˰Сƺһ˿ӣ
û£ʮһأʮһ˶С֣˵һıҲǣ˶һֻ֣
ȴŶȥһ£ȥܣ̳ſڵʱıʮһһ䣬һԵСԽȥˣ
ʮһȴȥһ·ʮһ˵䣬ŶС־߽̳
ǵһ̳ǰȻҲǶֻǴҴҼһ棬һ·Եľˣǲȥ̳ģԿ̳ڵĻ̣Ŀһ˫С۾Ѿˣʲôʵģ
ʮһ̳ԵָʾƣֱӴŶ¥Ϊ¥¥ȫͯװģ
ۣƯ¥۾һƬʽͯװ˵ˣʮһŶúܺÿ
ϲļֱӸʮһ˵͸㣡ʮһඹͷС˵
ѾǰСȹˣҪȥһֲңķ·Ϲҵļ۸ƣȻŵĶֱ֣
ŵĶʮһ־ҪĵطߣȻŰ֪꣬㹻ǹ¶ԺкһµķǮˣ
ڶ۸ƵʱʮһҲǿļǮɵǰǶ˵ĻСǮ׬ģǰΪ⣬ˣôһСȹӾȻҪǧ˰ٰʮˣò˵е˵ģҪʮһһĻģǽʱͬգ
ϲ𣿡ʮһӿŶ
ϲʮһ۾ҡҡͷ
ʮһ岻ϲ˵ѻСŶʮһװ˵
ʮһ岻ҪȻϲȹӺù󰡣Ժ˵ЩǮԺкһµĳԷǮˣʮһĻæš
Ȼ֪¶Ժ϶ܼ࣬ʮһû뵽ô࣬²ɵһȵҪ¶Ժ¸㶨֮óһǮ¶ԺҲҪЩӳԵúһЩȵúһЩ˯һЩȻĻϣЩСҲͨСһѧ


514 
Ȼϲʮһ͸𣿡ʮһ΢ЦſŶ
ǡҪ˵ЩʲôֻڿʮһӺ󣬾Ƥһͷ˵ˣ
Ȼʮһվ׼еԱʱȴһ˹򰡣Զһ㣬ǧ·ȫǽڲϣɲģ
󣬶ŵֱվʮһһֻǣʮһ֣һֻȴǱʮһȣ
ڸ˵ʮһ˾Ȼŵ˶ɵתͷǰŨױĨ֮»ǿǺ˵
Ǹ˵ôģΪԼ˧˲ûǮ˧ƨð˼ҵĵԱ糿ŵʱѳһܣԭѲˮֻǲãÿһɫͷһͷݻƵСŮվɵýȫ
Ǹ𣿡ʮһƳһǰŮӣ˵
˭أŮѲǸأ˼һֻȵβ͵èƵģһָʮһɵһ仰ñıˣ
ŶˣôˣôŮأеĻҲ϶Ǹǣ˼ʮһûзΪ˵ʮһʹɵþзǳˬ˵
ʮһûз˼Ϊ˲ԶѾҪߵıеıʮһ붼£
˵˭ǣ˼أͻȻһŭŮ𣬲ɵûͷȥһòĶʵŮˣ
ŮѰ˼ʶĻͷָһʮһ
ǲ˼ҾŮѣҲ˵ǣ֪ʲôָ𣿡ı˵ʮһԣһֻסʮһĸ첲
ܣôôҵõŮأһǣȻôƯ˼ԼһĻֹš
֪ΪʲôıǰŮ⸱飬Ȼȶִ˶ԷһٻҪˬɵúʮһһۣ˶ԷеЦ⣡
ô£˼֮ǰĳ֣ʹĵ곤˹һмҲС·Ĺ˿Χ
곤˴С׼͵ȹӣҺҼʱֹˣ˼ѾҪˣȻָʮһͶʼˣ
ʮһɨһ곤ʮͷӣһͷͷϣԵúǸʱ곤ҲڴʮһͶȻ·ƣʮһ·ȴƷƣԵһֱǲ˻͵ģҪһ㣬ɫͷӻô˧
ʵʮһ֪Լϵ·ʲôӣԷԼΪʲô곤ҲҪŮƵҧԼһأѾ׼һ߳ȥˣνϧҲҪǷֵȥǷֵȥϧ
鷳СԵһ£Ҳ鿴һ¼أȻ˼Ļвûᵽı˵ţΪıҲУֻΪһأ
ãʮһԷô˵Ȼе⣬ǵ˵ͷ
ʱ䲻ʮһڰµأ곤Ѿ˹Ƕʮһһ˵ԲѾ鿴¼ˣ˼ǣǻΪֵģĲ½⣡
곤˼ĵҪ˵ЩʲôȴǱλ곤һۺ˵ˣֻǿʮһǺܲѺã
һĻʮһɵҡҡͷе˾ԽɣQľԽҪǲɫԶ֪˭ǴС
ԱŵСֶŮô죿ʮһ˵ӣ
ǵﻹһȹӣȻû󣬵ҲһǧǮҪǲĻǿ԰͸͵ǶֶŮĵǸ𣿡곤ʮһĻȴһüͷû˵Ļ
ûǱҪǸʮһҡҡͷ͵·ǻϡأ
룡˭֪곤ûأ˼ȴǲˣûе곤Ѿ϶ʮһǸ˿ˣҲǸ˧Č˿
˼Ǹ곤ʮһĻòûʲôԵģ˱ӦõǸֻû뵽˼ȴˣɵ˵
ǮȹӣȻһķɫȹӣ˼ҲɵŲһǮҪǰҧҲõóʮһܹ
ȡ֣곤ˣⲻǺ


515 İŮ
ǺǣȻҾʹ󷢴ȱһ£ȴ֪ʮһȴǺǺһЦֱóһſݸ˵곤˵ȥˢɣŮһһСүǮôȹӵģ
˵ĵ곤˼ʮһ˵ǣˢ꿨֮ҪǸҪ֪ЩⱲҲǲģҪۿ˵ͣ
лУ곤˼ȥˢ˿ʮһ֤֮󣬻ʱǵ곤˼˶±ȵģΪʮһĿ￴˰λƽоеģ
ȡԲҹۿ˵ͣ飡˼ھѾ֪˵ʲôˣλһֻ׬ǧ˵ǼֱһΣ
֮ǰ˵Ҫһʮһɢһĵƣѹ˼͵곤ȫеֱˣʮһһͨ˫˳
ڶ˿Ҫܲסʱ򣬶ȴ˵ˣʮһ壬ͲҪǹˣϲǣ·߰ɣ
Ļʮһ˻һ˵ʵƷʦʵȷʵеҪƷĻҪɺܶˣ
ֵԱģ˵ҴĻɾˣҴĺƣҲӦһͬʣ֪Ҿأʮһ˵һ֮󣬽ӹԱݹĴ֮תıˣűĵȥ
ϧˣڻˣӦұܣ˻ڴ㶵ʱıѾǿʼˣ
ʮһ壬ղź˧ʮһС˵
ôСҲ֪ʲô˧ڵɪأıһĻʮһĴ
֪ʮһҺþ˧һӣ
ԺʮһҪһֱ˧ȥˣʮһЦһⱻıšһȦ֮ǰ
ֹ˼ͯװ꣬ʮһֻѾͯװ֮˲뿪ˣȴûֱӴȥԶΪı˵ҪҸطȸϴһ裬Ȼһ£ٴαһЩ˿ᣡʮһһҲеŶнֿľƵ꿪һ䷿䣬ԼھƵõţ
ԭʮһΪҲͰСʱıͻŶֻһѾһСʱˣҲˣ֮£ʮһĴһ£뿴ǷʲôŮ֮ĿһģȴǷ֣Ůĵǲ٣ŮˣֻʮҵλһԣֻǸŮȴɫһЩţһһ£һҿһ۵ģڵ˭Ƶģ
ʮһʤ޵뷨һ˱ɳϣһҲֱܻӿŮӺƵģתͷʮһһۣʮһʱ΢΢Цһ£ʮһעоȻվʮһ˹
͵ңŮӺֱӣʮһ
Ҳ͵ĿŵؿʮһЦһ¡
ҿǿźӵģŮӶʮһĻش񲢲Ƶġ
Ŷԭ͵ҰʮһŮӵĻ˵ŵʱȴһۣȻԼʱ򣬾ע⵽ԼˣʮһɲΪԼ˧˵ĲԼǰʣʮһŻŮԵĿ⣬ȻҲкܶ࣡
ұţһ㣬ҪûĻ͸ˣϣ£Ů˵佫һСĺɫĴӷŵʮһǰӿýˮţ
ʮһǰûԼƴСĺɫСӣ̧ͷİŮӣƲƲ˵ƾʲôҪҰ㿴ţ˵ΪʲôҪӦأ
ѡΪûһȥ˳۵ˣûҾ͵ǸСˣҵģΪͲһᰲƽˣİŮǲŲæĵϷʮһһ䣬ɨһ۴õſڣٴ֣ص˵ллˣ
ȥһҵǸըʲôǷƷأǸǲǳ˷ˣʮһǺܽĿİŮӣⲻܲ˭֪ŮǸʲôˣ͸ԼһԼűܣһı
ʱ䲻ˣҪʵû취ΪһѶ𣿾͵ȼ𣿡İŮӵԵúż
ֻʮһȴһҲż˵ҾͲûͬ
ôʱڵҵͬ飬ǲ֪ΪʲôһֱûеȵۿʱѾˣÿ㣬ҲŻѡ㣡İŮӵüһ˿ǳһʮһǿԿ϶˵ʱ䣬ʮһҲûţĵת͵͵Ĺ۲ǰŮӵ࣡


516 ɫС
ǰŮӣüֻۣüβһɫŽڻ鷳ףҶͷ͹һݣһݣȴ˵Ůӵ鷳е󣬺пܻᲨ鷳ǣŮӵüм䴦Ȼĺţ
˵ǰŮ֮ǰֻǺпܻᲨĻôüĴ۵ĺѾ˵ŮⳡǶ㲻ȥˣҪҲˣһüĴźֳʱҲŮȥʱˣȻνĺֳҲֻڷˮʦ˵ģʲô˶Կüģ
ֻʮһȴǿ͸ǰŮⳡ֮Ϊʲôѵ˵ǰɫСװĶйأôʲôأò˵˵ĺǾ޴ģκһ˺ģôǷģ
֪пܻ죿ʮһ˼ֻһ˲ѣ˫ֱֱĶİŮ˵
֪ܣİŮʮһĻû˿ľȣ
ΪʮһץǰĺɫСӣеʵԷͷ֮󣬼˵ȻôһǲռͰôصĶ׵ĽˣҲΪô
ûôɵˣʵɣղŮǸСŮҼΪȥǸ¶Ժ幤Ǻ̷Ժ˵ʱ򣬺ܲɵôԱ߾ԸոڿʱҲŻҰⶫﱣܣһΪֱΪԸСĲǻˣΪڵȷҲκһȥˣǿǣİŮӳĺһ˵ԭ
ʲôʮһԷĽͺȻЩȣڱֳΪԭǺпܣеĺɫСǰһʵ
Ầģǰñ˿Ҳٴ򿪲鿴İŮڴŴſ￴һۣʮһ˵ȻˣϻˣҲѰұܵģ㶮ģ
ãŮѣҿɲұ֤Ķ㣡ʮһİŮӵĻһ䣬һϵĺɫСӾʧˣս˷콣ڲռУ
ѡ㻹ĶˣˣİŮӼɫԼʧˣһ֮Сֹһ䣬վҪߣ
һ£ʮһֹѾվŮӣڶԷɻУóһöͭǮݸ˶ԷŴãܻܲŻͿԼˣ
װŪˣŮӽӹʮһͭǮ֮󣬿һ֮ͷŽ˶ת뿪ˣ
İŮȥıӰʮһ˳˼Ҫ򿪷콣ǸɫСӣȴǿסˣô˵ǸŮΪԼŷģԼȥ⿪Ļδе㲻ã
ܿˣʮһ˰οԼ
ʲôأεʮһͻȻ䱻һϣЦſˡ
ǵȵĻˣôˣʮһһ״ıڳ˸ѻҪıв뽫ıǣ
ƶˣ˵ĸŮأı򵥵һ仰ȴǰʮһһŮ˵ֱҲ̫ˡ
ʮһ忴ʮһֱӶŲıĶ˵ͬʱ˫ӵ״
ʮһ壡ʮһĺ֮վ˳С˵
ۣ̫ƯˣֱһСʮһǰһϮɫСȹͷϱŸɫһ˫ˮĴ۾գŵĶ̲ס̾
ôҾ˵ʮһƯɣűûƭ˰ɣıʮһĿ֮תͷŶ˵
ʮһ壬Ư𣿡ɿı֣ܵʮһǰ˵
ȻˣҵĶɰƯģʮһ𶹶С֣˵
ŶֱɿԼ֣ܵʮһıܲˬôôϲʮһһأ
Ⱑ뵽ıһԵɳϣŶʵ
Ϊʲôôϲʮһ尡ı˵ͷֱ֮˳
Ҳֻ֪ǼʮһĵһۣҾͺϲʮһ壬ֻиʮһһŰȫƵģһֻаС˵ĻʮһǰδеĿģǵؿһıܵıİۣ
ʮһ壬Ҳһ⣡ʮһıҵʱ򣬶ȴͻȻҡҡʮһ˫֣Сʵ


517 Դ
ʲôʵģ֪Ļһ㣡ʮһûиҰѻ˵̫ϾڵС̫пˣһʳһԼҲ⣬Ǹжΰ
Ȼ˵ƯɰΪʲôûмְ֣軹أǲϲ𣿡ıҲί
ʮһĻɵһ£һֻŶСԴ˵ô˵İְ趼ܰģֻȥ˺ԶĵطҪܾúܾòܻûиĸǲӵģ裬İİٵģ֪𣿡
ȥ˺ԶԶĵطжԶѵǲ֪żʱС棬Ƕ˵һûаְҲûҰӣһǰžͰҴ˹¶Ժǰ˵ûаְˣ˵˵ţжѾſǻˣʮһжһᣡ
ȶˣɴʱ򣬾ͻְˣǶҲҪĺ㻹ʮһͱأʮһıһ𽫶סˣ
ţһʮһ壬б̣ĵ˵ͷȦеˮȴûֻࡱһӽУ
ˣʮһ̫ˣˣߣǳԺóԵȥʮһ˿Щ˼Ķֱֱ۽ǣı˳ȥ
ȥԿϵ»òãıСԽŽ˵
ãǸ̫ˣСӲãʮһҡҡͷʾ⣡
ʮһ壬԰ǰһ尢ԺСʱ򣬾͸ǴǸмȣֻ̫ˣһֻһֻһҲһأ᲻óԣ
ôһСȣЩӾȻһ죬ʮһӼᶨԼǮ뷨˵ͷ˵ȻԣǾȥԣ
ʮһĻıɵúݺݵط˸ۣǰìܵļһԼ˵ȥԿϵ»Ͳͬ⣬˵Ҫȥͬˣ
ˣţϹȫͰȥʮһûע⵽ıعסı־ǰȥ
ߣ㣡ıȻˣȻװӣ
ʮһǼûţ֪ıֻ¼һұеķʽѣȴǲ룬ԼļûıͶһһСŮЦʮһ֪Լ±ϻˣ˰
ſϵ»ЩԵģʮһûʲôȤģʮһһãǲϲҲԳԣֻҪԵĶ޷ܵľν
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ϸһϣʮһԼȷʵıСɳĽ׶Σ˵ӰǼģҪô˵ҳǺӵĵһʦأȻǰûкõʦôԼԺڵҪһʦǱĬõİ취
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ŲԶѶָСѵĶʮһǣһĨĵЦݣסı˵Ժڸܻܵðɣ
ҪԼȥıû뵽ղߣʮһˣåûһ䡣
ѾˣֻҪǩ־ˣؾԼˣļҲ
ˣʮһӹصݹֽţǩ֮Ц˵
Ǻǣ࣬ˣʾ¥ʱ쵽ˣؼæ˰֣ʾһ㶼࣬ȴţȸѵʱܰһѾˣ
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ݣ
ֻǲıش굽ıİ˯СĨȴǲʮһ
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518 
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ʮһ壬ȥﰡ˭֪߳ȥʮʹ˶ĺ
еҪȥһ£СòãбأһͻʮһԼܹĶ˵
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֪ôƺԼʮ֮Цʵ
ƣʮһĻشܼ򵥣򵥵Ĳټˡ
ԭ۾ʮһһ£Ҳ֪Щʲôһ죬ָʮһԵλ˵
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ʮһĻаһʮһ޳ܰôĿŵ˼ңһҪһڰ˼ҵӣ
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û˼ҵĹˣԺҪ˵Ȼ˼Ҳ˵ģʮһתͷǼװѵأһٷۣò˼ǹɣȻ˼˵ң̫޳ˣֻ룬ػˣԷӶԼýĴ㣬Ȼܻᱻ˵ʮһ
ҲݣƲԳԷƣǰɣץǸҲǸƢһֱӾͰеĹɳһ˳
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519 ޳ܽе
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ʮһĻһ߳ȥҪļһ߳ȥװٺ޳һ𣿾Լ֣ҲʮһᱻҵϾʮһսۼģҲԼǧټҲҪĴȣ
ҳˣҪҪھͽֵǹǣȻʮһװȴʮһĻӦţ
ţд绰Ͻʮһô˵ǰл˶ӣʮһѾˣǿԼǮȻԼӦûǮҲû࣬Լ˾ƾкضˣƾͿԵһﻨǮЩˣ
ʮһ뷨֪˵ĻһᱻʺݺݵıһΪʮһǶȤζ
سŴ绰ʱеסˣôأԼߵĵȶֵģɵתͷ˶Էһۣ˵ĽԺΪ̸
Ҳϰúõ̸һ̸ֻǺֵܲǺϲҰҿӺϲôӣһҵֵҲˣһ£ʮһǺЦһ£ԹԵϸ˵
ߣ㲻ɣˣ֮ǰǸʮһ̵ļһٴβ˵ͿһСóֻҪ绰ˣ
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ϰ壿ԾЩģָʮһ˵
ֻʲô죬Ҳϰ壬˳ȥſվţҪ̸ˣȫֱӴҪ˵Ļָſڶ˵
ãԥһ֮󣬴ԼСųȥˣֻǳȥʱǺݺݵĵһأ
ģҲֵȳȥɣȫתͷֶ˵
ټֻʣһȫ֮ʮһҲص˵ͷ󷿼ھֻʣʮһȫˣ
ڷھʣˣҾֱ˵ȫ˿ڲˮ֮˵˵ʵ¶ԺĵƤ֪ƽеĺܶز̶ڶǿƤ֪ΪΣ
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Ϊļ壬ȻҲֻǱжѣҼңһǰɢһϢ˭Ƥļ۸ȫʮһ֪֮󣬼˵ҲڻɣΪβԼȥʵ⵹ûʲôɻɵģΪ˵ǰ¶ԺģԵɺڼҰԼȷʵǸԲŻΪһ޼ֻ֣¶ԺԺֵ֮úܲģ
ΪʲôֵĲ˭Ҳֻ֪ǷĴ˵ҷ֮ҪƤǰһεԺͬ⣬ʹұ¶Ժʮ겻˹ãֱӵĳֹƤ
ʹôһԣֱӹʲô𣿻ôĹαģʮһȫĻ֮󣬱ӵһҵģȫ˵Ĺҵ飬ʮһûлɵģϾȫûƭԼıҪ˵ѻҪһĿȥ֧ŵģȫƭԼĻûκε㣡
Ȼڵĺܶ˶ΪȷʵͦôαģһȷʵʵǾ˭ƤĻôֻҪһת־Ϳ׬ļǮ˭һ߼ȥ򣡱ϾҲбȥÿ˶ôģ򵥵ңȫʮһĻǱʾһϿɣ˵ʵһʮһ
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ҲµĲĻʮһӦҪ¶Ժ𣿡ȫ˵֮ͣһ£ϣܴʮһϿһ˿ı仯ֻǽȴʲôҲûпֻü˵˵ʵҲΪܱ¶ԺǿԺһ£
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ҵĺܼ򵥣Ժһ°ѹ¶ԺңҾһ߼۸㣬ʱȥȥ׬ǮˣҲԻ棡ȫҲ£ֱ˵ԼĿԼƻһգգĶʮһͲŵʮһԼļƻ᲻ģ


520 СĶ
ֻȫ֪ǣνļƻʮһ˵ҵ֮󣬾Ѿµ˸ˣԴʱ֤Լ²뷨֮ôᾪأ
ǲ֪ϰܸǮأʮһҲֻ֪ƾԼʵͲסЩ˹¶ԺĵƤǮȨֵϣǾԲܵģʮһֱʳؼ⣬ҲǮ⣬ֻҪԷǮ㹻࣬ôԼ̷Ժһ£С»طڿһ¶ԺҲǲԵģ
һǧΣȫһָʮһʵ
ǺǣʮһȫĻ󣬲û˵κλֻЦһ£һ仰ֻôĿŶԷ
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飡ʱΪ˽Ǳ˭һ߿ƵģʮһһŷɿײλãɵþԼ̫ˣҿڸղµʱĵŲһӣȻĻ϶ᱻŰײɵģҹҲ϶ᱻҵѪģ
ϴûʲô°ɣʮһȫڴ㶵ô̵ʱڣһ׳Ӱſڣǽӵصĵ绰֮ĸУ
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ϰ壬ˡʱҲĵĴһ˹һַֻſָŸ˵
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Ŷҵֵ̫ҵİοˣԿе嶯ˣʮһ˿ûеǸ˼ֻǵĽӹ˻⣬Ÿ˵´γֱôˣϰЩأ
Ŷؿأ˭Ҷһ¾ʹһ£лشʮһ⣬Ǿȵָȵ˵ôܹģǼһôŵģ
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ô絽¶ԺǰɣһɢϢҪصȫټȥʱһļǮʮһҡҡͷŸ뿪˰
ֱʮһ뿪һ֮ȫǷӦԼһСĴһǣݣ̫ôˣȻˣǾ͹ֲԼˣԼòô˭ҲõȫдʱѾʼˣ˻֣óֻһ绰ȥ
ȫ뷨ʮһǲ֪ģʮһҲ֪֣ϵýɣȡϾͰҪ¶ԺϢɢȥʽʼ۸ߵã˭
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İɣϢҼý壬ǶܿĽϷȥģΨһҪȷϵĿܾϢˣʮһЦ˵
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ǾҪˣҺȻع¶ԺˣѾˣʮһصļ򣬶صĴ֮дŸ뿪ˣ
ǲµģڷӦ֮ʱѾ߳ȥʮ׵Ķ˴ţֻǵõֻǸſĴЦ
ϴĴѹ¶Ժĵȥ𣿡ڻع¶Ժ·ϣвʵ
ǲһֱģҾҲǶǵģüǮĻҲЩӹúһ㣡ʮһ̾˿˵
̷Ժͬ𣿡еĵӣȻ֮ǰûʮһһ¶ԺԺѾ򵥵İ˵ˣԴµ֪ģ
̷ԺӦģΪҲ֪ҲĺܺãԵĻҲǲѡ񣡡ʮһнš
ֵܶһ·˵˵ЦЦиʮһһЩ֮飬ֻǻжһЩʧΪ֮û䣬ڲʱǹѪԶѾһһıĥµĿʧˣ
ʹףûд³һѪԵĹ˵һĴȴܾˣ˵ո۵ʱҲƾűҵʲôʸߵĹ֮ʹ뷨ֻΰȵһȹԺ


521 ĵ
׵뷨ʮһûоκεĲףѡĻԸԼûѧûлھĴУĻͲȥμӵڵǸѰҲͲʧȥˮ
˭Ҳ޷ʧȥˮһʲôĸоֻҪԼ֪ȻıˮȴԶʹʣʧȥˮʲô˺ĻʮһԸʧȥˮ˵ͬʧȥ˰
ھ֮ʮһȫ׵뷨ģܹҪһڶǮȨ޷ģ
Ȼвͬǵ뷨ҪȥƴײͷѪҲ£˸˵̫ңԶˣΪûϲˣ
Ҹ˵һʮһ޷Ļ㲻ֱ죬ôʶͰʣԼı
Դˣʮһ޷ʮһֻ÷˾Уһһ׷ŸУ˭ϴ
ʮһ͸¶Ժſڵʱ򣬻źԶͿվڴſڵĶҲʮһʮһ壬ʮһ˹
𶹶֮ʮһůģŻеĶʮһҪ׷С
ϴǶ𣿺ÿɰҿɲԱһ°ҲǿʮһбŵĶŬһЦݡ
Ҫ屧𣿡ʮһŶ
ҪҡһͷСԴᵽһߣȥȻѾŬװȴԾĸУ
ʮһĺֵܣ˺ģȸһòãʮһҪȥԺ飡ʮһҪ˵ıЦŶԶ˵
ǺðɣȻе㺦¸УʮһĻԺͬˣҪǸ̫ˣǳ˼һ˶ԶԶģοǶСŮأ
ʮһ¶߽֮¥ڣıһԺСأҲûţֱȥ̷Ժȥˣ
ԭʮһΪ̷ԺӦúܺȰȴû뵽̷ԺôִһҪ¶ԺͲʮһ˵ƽ¶Ժˣ
ھһСʱʱ䣬ʮһоƤӺ񶼿ľˣ̷ԺҪǻͬ⣬Ƚ͵Ȼնʱ̷Ժе㶯ҡ˼ˣʮһСӵδ̷֮ԺͬˣóһеСʮһȻĬĬĨᣡ
ʮһҲ̷֪ԺԹ¶Ժʽ˰üǮѾ챣ˣ֮ʮһøϽʮСϽ뿪ȻĻ˭֪᲻ᱻû򵽵˱
ѾþûйֿڼܵʱˣһκǴѧʱһαۻأ
ʮһ콣ڲ߳ʱѾٴκʮһŶıԼоͽһСݣ˿ĵĳһ֮󣬱оͽ˸סĵطԭҪʮһһģʮһıһȰ˵֮£ǴӦı˭һ𣬶ʮһȻľͺ͸˯һˣԻ׬Ǯףʡʡ
ΨһԼһһģǻһЩˣֻʱʮһѾ˯ˣֻԼֿһ䣡
һҹ޻ڶʱʮһųȥһȦʮһﰡǶҲڴϸûһأʮﰡһ·ܵһֽĽֵȻ콣ڲв٣ǶʮһŸһҿŵģȥ󿴵ڵİ֮ǸлʮһȫеԾӣ
Ϊ濴ҲͲʮƽСڣĿռ侹ȻĴ˵ҲʮƽˣֻⲢö˳Ծĵطʹʮһ͸оȵǣλþȻڷһˢźĹײģ
ճ˵ֵײҲеģֻȴûоôֱͣڵڵģײǲе̫ˣʮһĿһ£ײĵӦ׳ˣҿҲˣ⻹һμ
ԭΪϣټ̵ĳʹ÷ڽһ⣬¸оɭɭģټôһͻأĴ͹ײģʹʮһ͸ж˿ôô͸һɹɭĸо
ϴҸղź񿴼Ǳ߻һŵģҪȥǼҿôӣС˵˵ͬʱѾ׼ˣ
˵ģһ˻ǴʲôµģʮһȻô˵ţȴѾȸһȥˣ


522 
ϴ㲻ʲôпѾ˵ԼԵʮһɵóʵ
Ϊ㺦չĸܣ¶ӰʮһӵĿһ۸УȴһҲͣۿһֻžѾ̤żˣ
λҪʲô𣿡ȻҪȥʱһɭɭȴǴӹײǱߴ˳ŵĶӾһ𣬸ץǲ°ʮһʱ뷨ˣ
˭˵Ͻ˶ݵĺ֮ʮһΪ˵ǸˣҲûиоʲôʬ֮Ķ
λҪЩʲôСӦоУ˵ӹײĺվһˣȥӦʮ˵ӣֻʮһȴǿ˵ʵʮѾˣ
úø˲ڹײĺʲô֪˻˵𣿡вĿǰֵߣ˵
ǺǣĹײģڸˢأֿЦһ£¶һڲβݣ
ôһѣʮһ͸вǷһС͵ͰҿҲһζ
Ǿһֽ򣡡ʮһЦЦ˵
ŶҪ٣˵
ʮһһ˵ʮֽҪõ֣Ȼʮԣߵһ
ãӣⷿУʮһ˵֮󣬵ϰӦһƿһķţȻ˳ȥʮһ͸ŷԭǻһţ㿴ҿ㣬ҲǹĵµģͲʲô
Ȼʮһ͸жϰĴһ֣֮ûʲôɶģһҪеĻе׵Ĺײ֮⣬ҲֻʣһЩľͷͼˣ
Ȼ֪ײģʮһȴʶվľſڽһЩײԶһ㣡
úӵʱ򣬵ϰһһ˽ݸʮһ˵ȫˣ
ʮһ͸һӹ֮󣬽Ǯֱת뿪ˣûеŵϰ潫Щװ콣ڲǳȥ֮˸û˵ĵطװ˷콣УΪʮһڷһ⣬ǲҪ̫ҡĺã֪ܲԼиƶװãȻװ13ʱ⣡
ֻʮһ͸в֪ǣǶ뿪֮󣬵ϰȴͻȻЦЦúգֻ۾иðһɫľ⣬ƶǿʱĿһģ
Ҫʳ𣿡ڵϰð̹ʱ򣬴ӹײ֮ȴһЩõײĸǾȻֱڿȥͺпŹײĸƵģӹײһֻǰ۵֣ϳָһ۵Ĺâ
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ߣƾץסǸ˵ģ˰й۲ţϾҪˣʱһȥץԵģǵƮٴڵϰͷ֮Ͳ˵ˣͬʱǳֵָҲ˻ȥĹײĸҲȥûκһ˿춯ֻеϰĵȥŵ
Ϊ˻ȥʱ򲻱ıʰʮһ͸˺ܶͻȥصƵĶˣڿסǶıͶķ䣬Ŵŵʱ򣬾֪ͻʵ̫ˣ
أ˳Ժ÷֮Ѿʮˣ׼һ±Ź¶Ժȥ
¶ԺĴŻн׵ʱ򣬾Ѿͣڹ¶Ժſڵһųˣ
ȺĻ簡˵õ磬ȻѾôˣһΪǻϵŻأؿǰһųԼվŵǱڵһȺˡҡҡͷ˵
Խ˵ԽҪõҲζǮͻԽ࣡һĽѵأ˵ĻȴǺеʹʮһǴԼֵ˵ˣʲôʱôˣ
ǸôңҳǺ˧ôңһẦߵģѰ֮󿴼ȫڿɵ˵һ˸Ļֻ⻰ʮһȴǸоеϤ
ǲǾ仰е찡ıʮһıı仯Цʵ
ţȷʵе죬ֻһʱ֮벻ˣʮһ˵ͷȴûıе֮ɫ
ĳˣûµʱϲ꣬ʱʱľôһԼ˧֮ĻıƳʮһ˵СЦ


523 ɽۻ
ȥǣıôһѣʮһҲֺԼ˵תͷŸ˵ûѧ˵ʲô
ϴȷʵ̫ˣѧ˵˵ʵҲǱΪС˰ĺ𣿡ͬӵĿʮһʮһҪֵļƣȾ
ʲô˾ѧʲô˰ϧˣı׼ʮһˡ
ʮһıĻֻ̧ͷװûӣûע£ıԾʱһ仰󣬱еĲŹ¶Ժȥˣǲ̫ûѵ㣬ˣ
ıʮһ仰󣬾֪һ϶û£ֲֻֻܷܺݺݵİʮһıӰһۣ
ڽʵ̫δӸ֮䴩ʱ򣬲ûע⵽ǣ˽ţǰһϴõͤʱ򣬳Щϰע⵽ʮһˣ
ǾǷȥϢ˵һҪ¶Ժˣλϰע⵽ʮһʱ˹һȺСܣѶʮһˣ
ʮһץһԸеһʱվҲ֪óһȣ򿪿֮󣬴˵λϰðԵģԭʮ㿪ʼΪҶñȽ磬ֲλϰʱ䣬ҾھͿʼ
֪λϰܻ˵˭е𣿡ʮһ˵˭λûбҪֻ֪Ҫ֪ŵʲôͿˣ
ǰڶСܣԼѾӳ߳ĸλϰ壬ȫ۾ŬĿʮһи߾ŵС
ҲϰҪˣ˭֪õǸļٵİֻ˵߰ɣװαϰˣԼ̧ͷվŵ̷ԺʶɣŵǼٵģΪ̷ԺΪ˻ͬ𣿡ʮһ֮˵۾һ۴վŵ̷Ժ
˴ԼӵӣʮһԽԽ࣬ҲûҪߣ֪ЩѾˣ㲻Ҳߵģһ˵ע֮˵ȻˣҲͲ˵ϻˣڿʼļ۸ɣڼӶҾͲ޶ˣʮһӣʼ
ʮһ˵껰֮󣬾ȥŶ˿ЩǷ£ҲʦܵȥĶЩң
ʮˣȻûһԸһȼעڴʱʮһȴٴøȣ˵ע˵һ仰ʮһʮֵʱҪǻûĵĻҾԼȻȥһǮȥʦҵ˻ﻹжǮ
ʮһĻ󣬾תͷǸ֪ʱֵʦʦǶ֪ƽҲһСʦˣܲʶôʦأҵĴģ˾רԼʦ
һǧʮǧһʮԪңʦʮһĻ󣬴ЯһļУŶһ£
ʦĻͺһŶʱըһ㣬ʱеϰ嶼סˣͻȻֵɫͷӾȻôǮûȥʦ٣Ҫ֪ԣȴǲܹ˵ģҪεģ
ʮķӣŶʮʮ룡ʮһȻ˵ķӦٴץеֱֵ֮˵
ʮһһ£ʱеϰȫٵˣֻʱû˵һۣ
ϴֳҲ̫ªˣЩ˻𣿡пЩȻżԾûдǮĸλϰǡ
ˣǻûֻۣΪûһͷģ˭ǵһѣغ뻵ûʲôϵʮһҡҡͷнţ˵ɻУֻȺһ˴һ򣡡
˻Ȼ׷ѭȥǲʶ۵˼ȫǺһЦ˵λܻǫðȻ˾ˣ
˭ϰ岻ӵĻ£̫쿪ˡ
Ǻǣλع˭ֻҪ֪ѾͿˣǮЦһ֮дȥߵ֮ǰ˵λ֪ҿɷȥ
Ȼԣг۵ϰ嶼ԽȻҲҪЩǮȻĻôϰ忴ţҲǹֶ˵ģʮһЦŵ˵ͷ˵ƣ֪գ
ϻƾͿԣӦһ󣬱˸λ£
ߣ˰򣡡
һǧ򣡡
ϰıۺһǹƵģıۣλϰ̲סˣ׷ױԼļ۸񣬶һһĶ֮Ҹطˣ


524 ˱˾
ȻҲųĳģǶ̶̵ʱ䣬۾ѾһǧˣѾǳ֮ǰʦ˵ʮһڽˣ
ˣû֮ڵĿԲýˣڵҲȷʵе̫ˣܵһʱóǧϰԼȥɣʮһŽ䵭ĳ棬վЦ˵ܸλҽ˵ĻЩ̫ظλˣû취ûŵ㣬ΨһŵֻϲǮ˽Ӵίλˣ
ʮһĻ£˵Ǽһϲҳ¶Ժ֮⻹ûнǷǳˬģҲеǮϰ廹ڹţ֮ǰڵˣҲô޵ļкǲˬΪֻС̷˵ҲһǮƶһЩС̷ѣ
Ȼм׼վ뿪һûǮʱʮһȴǻһת˵Ҹոֲ鿴һ£ﻹ£Ҳˣλϰ岻ִСʱȫɣڿʼһǧʼģ
ʮһĻ£˶һӽŵʼӿΪһֵľıٴҪʼˣҲζŹ¶ԺĵϾˣͬҲζ֮˵ۻڽ󣬱Ǻܶ࣬ܲΪ֮ݣ
ʱ䣬ȻܶݣӿʼһҲʮӵʱ䣬ŵ˻վŵˣһľΪÿһα۶˵֮˺пܻԾţһԾ֮ܶϣ
ĽʱʮһĹ֮ŵһҲǲŸҷ£һĽĿĵõȨˣ
ֻʮһȴǷЩȻۣȴҲûжپȣӦ֮Ҳ൱˵õģʮһȴͲʶҲʶĿľֻ׬üǮʮӺ̷ԺȥĳҸõĵط°ʱĿѾﵽˣΪڽԷһ̣ǰԼҲͶʮ꣬ӵʱ򣬶ԷѾĿһǮˣ
óֻʮһʱʮһЦˣǧļ۸Ȼںܶ˵ⲢʲôǶʮ˵ȴ㹻ˣ
£˽ɢȥѾȫ뿪ˣڴʱʣµĳʮһ֮⣬Ҳֻʣˣгµ֮⣬Ȼһʮһʶģ֮ǰҪǸȫ
һҲǲӣ񲢲Ƶģʮһһˣȫעһ£ܾýȫЩ֣ڱһһǧһ֮º󣬱ûκεĶͺһж޹Ƶģ˭յõȨһĮĵӣ
ʮһɻ䣬ĵõȴʮһ΢΢һЦȥһʮһʶܳѾȺ
ֻҲ뿪˲䣬ȫһҲȺ뿪ˣʮһŶȥıӰ˼Цһ£ȫǹƴİ
ȻȷȫҪʲôǿԿ϶ǣĿԺ͵йϵֻʮһ֪ǴţΪĵϸӦһ˿˿ȻǺǿңȴʵڵģҲ˵Ӿ㲻ǷˮʦҲ϶ʲô
ϴǶˣʲôнŹ֮󣬻صʮһʵ
ȥƱȥеģȥ磡ʮһ˼һº˵ȻںзչôʹЩȥﰲҲǲģϾ޵УǱʲô˶׽ȥ
ãھȥеͷӦ˵֤ȫУȥ¥̷Ժȥˣ
Ǵʲôʱسںʵ
ԽԽãʮһ˵ţıͶ˵һе£Ҫȥһ£ǾҰɣ
ʮһȥʱͻȻ˺ӦǸİŮҪȥģһʱ䣬ԼȥСĨԵĶ֮ӦҲͲˣ
ʮһʿ糿ǿԳǷˮֵĽֵֻﲢΪҪĨǾǿڹײʵ̫ˣԴ糿뿪֮ʮһľܸоʲôڸԼоȻֲĸоָоͺʲôԼƵģ
ΪˮʦʮһǺԼֱģһڷ֮ǰһЩԤףֻǿûܹȲ


525 
ڴʱѾˣֵϵ˻һЩֻʮһŴ߾Щˣе𾪸ˣ糿ʱûˣټûⷽ룬Ҳûвʲôͬ
Ĳ鿴֮£ȴǷЩȻȥ볣죬ϸ֮£ԷЩ˵˫Ŀ֮в˵ɣɲƽ˵Ĳ鶯˫Ŀ񣬶Ϊһȫ֮ӵеĶͺ˵״һȴÿ˶еģ
ڹ۲֮£ʮһЩ˵һɫϢɢȻһһƮɢ˿֮У
𾪵ͬʱʮһҲӺ棬Щ˵Ǳʲôʲôȥ˱ǵһƻǣǵģЩ˴඼ȱһһǣҾȻ糣һ˵ǱˣԼܶûвԼĻǲȫ
ʮһӣֳʽָ״ĵһָ͵͵ԼĶͷϵһ£ʱһâͷУʮһվʱ򣬶ͷƺһɫĹ㣬ȴܵܵһֱŶͷĻǲֵܷģ
ʵҲͨһַʽֻʮһȴѰ˵ģڲ鿴ЩƮɢڿ֮еϢƮȥǸ˻Щ֮ɢڿУȻ֪֮ʲô
ȻʮһЩ֮ȥ֮ʱȴ˶ֻЩƮɢڿе֮Ͽմ˸֮һӿ˽ֱһ֮ڣ糿͸ֽṆ̀Ǹڰڷһڴײĵĵ̣
ǰ˼ǸſѾʮˣʮһͣ˽Ųԥǽȥ鿴һתߵʱȴǿˣһŮȫһӾǳеƵģʮһ֮Իע⵽ǣΪĿһɨ֮£ʮһ˲ûһȱٻǣ
ʮһȵǣһŮ˾ȻͣǼҵ̵ǰھ벢Ǻܽ˵ֺСʮһֻһţ˵Ҫʲôȥмݣ
ʮһҪֹǵʱѾƿ˵̵˽ȥ
ۣʮһ֮еŮӽ֮ǴһʶģʮһȥģΪһˮʦԵĻҪһԼģ
ֻǣʮһܵŲʮ׵ʱȴһͣ½Ų֪ôĻ̫ˣȻһôĹײģ
һӵʱ䣬ʮһǷӦ˼˷ذԼΪܵʲô˺أתͷһ룬ʮһвɵøеЦԼ̫ڽˣЩ֮ǱȥˣЩ˻Ų𣿶ʲôĻ糿Լ͸нȥʱҲû˺Լ˰
ҪһǣһǵǿڹײڸĻôԼпܻ򲻹ԷΪھеļأȡ˻Ƕܲʹ˻Իɥʧ־ķֻһ֣Ǿ󣬶ּ̣һʹַʧҪԭǾⲼԼ󷨵һҪϵʵҲ˵һҪƷʦϵʵ
ƷʦʮһȻӴĲֻ࣬һӺͰüȴǼü֣ǼüŶ֮սԲʮһԿģ
ڷˮЭύϵʱ򣬰üӻּƷʦ飬Ҳûǣһ¾Ѿ˵ƷƷ֮ĲжˣԼȴֻһССƷʦ˵ԼĸַҲƷһ£ҲÿÿֻΪԼöѣ
ֻǾʮһ׼תȥʱԺȴֳһСˣһ˵ΪһˮʦôԼȣһ˳ʲôأϱȥǵˣȻǵĻǺпѾҲˣΪһˮʦбҪʵ飬Ȼ취ģ
ò˵ʮһʱѾᵽһ˵ĳ̶ˣʮһֻоԴҪըˣ·ҲûעԼɵö˫ֱͷʵ̫ôˣԼûʲôأԼĻǲǾʲô鶼ˣ
ʮһ֪ǻ϶ֻıԼˣ
ˣȥɣһһɣҪʵڴ򲻹ĻתͷӦҲüʮһֹһվֻĻһ·ͣŵȥ


526 ɻ
֨ѽűƿʮһһүģô糿ʱûעأֻǲˬ鲻ˬһָĵı󣬶ȴǺǰⷢʲôͻ״Ӧ׼֮ʮһ߽˵ڣ
η͵ϮүүһֻŸڣ͸о˹һӰʮһЦһҿСү׼΢΢һˣŤĺӰ
ǰ˲ĳ
ѽʮһֻоһһ˵ϣǺӰ˳ȥҪ粽ȥʤ׷ǱԼĳȥĺӰʹһͺˤ˵ϣ
ס֣һŮ˵ĺʹʮһͣ˽Ĺ󶨾ȥֽסԼ֮ǰ֮еǸŮˣ
ôôݰ־Ǻ㿪һЦѣǸŮ˼ʮһͣ˹Թʮһһ֮󣬾ͺһһߵ˱ʮһĳȥǸӰǰ·Է
ʱʮһǿǸԼɳȥĺӰ֮ǰһڵ֮һֻһ֮˵ҿЦʶǣ
˭Ҫʶ㰡ֻǽ֮ûзϰ壬һߵϰ壬һ߿û˽Żһ£شʮһĻеǸŮˡ
ǣ˳Ҳ̫ˣҪҲ㣬һӿ϶ᱻҾ߹ǺˣҪȥҽԺһ£ǸСԼļ˵
ʮһüƷ˵ĻͻȻԼǲӦý⼸˵ʮһ׼תߵʱһ˵˾ȥĻ
Ҿûʲô̫ĹϵɣĲȣҪǴ͵ϮλҲͲᱻˣ
ô˵أŮӣĻתͷֶʮһ˵ܣҼסòˣҪǸҾͱ˵˻Ǳӣ
ʮһЦˣЦúܿģһһŮ˵ĻǺܲǣǲһٰɣ־вˬ
˵Ļ˻Ȱһ䣬Զһ㣬ѸҪԶһ㣬߽ѵ־ʮһһ֮ǲˣҧһڣܲҧȥɣļһﻹǲܻģԲŻһһ
ιǲӽˮˣǵĹϵܲϵģϽȥҽԺֱóʮǮǸŮֲˬˣͻȻ˫ֲݺݵĵʮһ˵
ôвɣʮһٺãҲ̲ס˳޳ܲҪģûô޳ܲҪģѾ͵Ϯȣһƴ֮󣬾ȻҪ˵߹ǶˣǼҲôߵĺòð
֮ǰŮӣǿ˵ŮģֻôôһĹôøƵأȫѧ˵Ůʶܸߵ𣿿ô˵ЩһûŮ˵Ůû
գۼʱ䣬ʮһˣ˵ĺûԸûʲô̫Ĺϵ˵ûһëǮĹϵ
֪ôԼѵĻʮһĻ֮˵һ䣬Ҳ֪Ƕ˭˵ģ
ʮһҲûȥԼ˵ĻԼҲֻǿǿˣҲͺĵһѣ
ҪЩʲô𣿡ʮһת׼ȥƷʱһɭɭ˵һ
ʮһ֪϶糿ʱ򿴼Ǹֻʮ꣬ȴǳʮǸͷ˵ɭɭҲǲϲļһʮһûж࿴һ۵뷨ҵйĻôһҲһѲ˸ϵֻΪԼ֮󣬲ûзЩӿ֮ͺƾʧһ㣬ֻԼۿ֮ӿģ
ǼȻûзǾͻߵĺãú취߻наȥʮһţѾȥˣ
ԭ㰡ʲôҪ𣿡ֻʮһû뵽ǣͷȻϳԼһԼк
ȲҪʲôˣֻǸո·ٽǷʲôģʮһת΢΢Цһ£뿪ˣ
û뵽ǣҲΪɭɭĳԭʮһȻûܵһԼƷŮͳˣĵ⣬ʮһв֪ʲôζҡҡͷŽֿȥʮһ֣ղЩ֮ȻʧˣеоȻҲָˣͺղŵһֻһζѣ


527 
վڽֿڣʮһȻڽߵˣеɻˣڸҵʲôǿĴˣȻĻΪֻǽһε֮Ķôı仯ȫǲѧİ
һҪҸԭĻôڵĶ֪Լ֮Щ˶һһǣڲԼˣô׵ľͿԼʲôֲˣԼԼܿԼԼͿԲԼԶԿģΪֻ֮пһȥȱˣ
ʮһתɢһǸɫӵİŮԼõľƵȥ֮ѡ·ȥһΪʱ仹һЩΪȥ֮ǰһЩҪ˳һЩ
ڵĴڣѾ֪֮ΪʲôûгֶԸԼأѵ˵ǸֻҪЩ˵ĻǣȡԼģǲܵģ˵ҪȡǵĻԼĻһҪЩͨ˵ĸðܶԷˣЧǿ϶Ҫ걬Щͨ˵ĻǵİϾˮʦĻǱҪǿһЩԼھֻоתɾ֮ҪԶһķˮʦ
ԣˣôøϣԼ˼ȡƵأԼӦǸôʲôĿĲŶԣ
ȥʮһֻ뵽һ׵ĿܣǾǵڵпƱȽûմԼҲ߱ʲôס˳񵱳ŶһҪȡЩ˵ĻԼͻƷӡ֮ܶһ仰Ǹһʱǳˣ
ͨһ֮ʮһͷˣȻǻʲôܳ죬ԮˣͲŶţ
ʱ䣬СʱԼʱ䣬ʮһʱ䣬Ǿȥɣʵ̫ˣ㵽ˣȥźȻҵʲôҲźð
ʮһƵ֮󣬱ڴ֮ǰλˣ˱鿴ԭֻΪ˴ʱģȴû뵽ſţȻıдסˣʮһû뵽ѧʱ鱾ʹ˯ﲻһȤ飬֪䣬İŮԼʱѾˣ
ʮһе飬һ֣ûʱ㣡̧ͷһȦûзǸİŮӵټüͷһ֮վžƵſȥ
ʮһո߳Ƶ겻ʮӵʱ䣬ʮһó׼һʱȴͻȻһ̶ɲʮһ̵ţŤͷ۾ȥһͣ˾ƵſڣǴ̶ɲطģʱźɫװӴӳʮһһüһ˾˰
ĸӴǵžƵȥֱʮһ⼸ӦԼǸİŮйϵҲûмߣתߵ֮һϴүװ壬۽ȴһֻžƵſڣ
ʱ䲻ʮһϵŵ̻ʣֻأĸװĵӾ˳վſڵʱĴһ£ƺʲôˣֻǵĿɨʮһʱʮһѾרעĿ塣
ʮһֱо⼸ԼģԼԭֻһǾǸԼܶİŮӱץסˣǸŮ˰Լˣ뵽ʮһбһǸŮˣ̫صˣǰ㱣ܶѾĵȻѸǸˣҪǸǻǣû׼ڸǼһˣ
Ȼĸ˵սʮһʲôǣȴһע⣬ǲǸǵı⣬Ͼزģܵ͵Ǿ͵ĺã
¿ŵ㣬пɵ˱绰棬ǻȥϴ˵һĸһòͷ˶˵һֱͣСȥ
Ȼʮ׵ӣʮһˣΪԷ˵ܴ󣬶ΪҪȳ˺̫࣡
ʮһûмڸߵˣѡүү壬ȻֻǱ˿ļѣʶѾ˷콣ڲռУҪİŮӸĺɫСװĶʲô
һɫСӾͱˣڷ콣ڲʮһ൱һĴڣΨһܹҲֻˣѾΪˣ˵ƴҲΪ
óɫСڲװĶʱʮһ껹壬һ£ʲôʯ䣿解
ֻǷҲֻһ˲ѣһʮһھеıϸĹ۲壬ǵģһ״Ķ


528 
Ȼڷ콣ڲʮһʵеĲ񻰣޷Щţ壬߸ţ岢޶
Щʮһ˵ֻһ翵ζѣ򵥵ıһ£Ѿʮһ𾪵ķˣ⾹ȻһǧϵĺҪ֪񱾾ĹЧ⺮ľѱǧϵĺѾ൱һˣһпܲϹѩ͸Լǿķ
ʮһ˻ˣĻˣܿɹǣ廹ٵĹЧԿһˣ治֪ôһСôôһӵĴģʮһȤǣǸİŮôöģͨʲôõģ
岻ҪŴ󾵣ֻƾ۾ͿԿ·¿ȥʲôͼƵģֻʮһûбϳ
𾪣ʮһĺһ麮ɵóȥĻԿһۣϾǮ˵Ǯ׬ģֵǮĿܾǮˣǮҲ²ʹҲϲ
ǴϺ֮Ȼ᳤ȴǻǶʮ꣬Ҫ֪Ȼһ˵һ˵ʮ겢Ǻܳϸ룬˵һм꣬мʮꣿ
ͨˣÿ춼ʱ̫ˣҲ˯̫ˣҾͿиʱˣֻ
οһѾ׬ܶǮൽѾôӻӻûأһѾӽĺ֮ѾĺˣԱ˵ʮˣֻܶһʱ䣬ǶԸȥ
ֻʱʮһȥ˼ܵģΪҲҪҸĵطǮȺúõһƣſõļǮ
վھƵſĴûҪߵ˼ʮһҲżóֻд˸绰ıж˵һ󣬵Ͼһ˶һлѹƵĻԼ취һĻõ֮ɱһĴڣϾǶԼȻϲȴһҲ
ʱ䲻оʹʮһֻǰʮһķԸûͣƵǰ棬ǸʮҵӾͣ
ھƵſĴţ鿴ǷʲôǿȥԵ˽ӽƵ꣬ʮһͺ͸³̣λ壬ΧȻֵ˾ȻԽԽˣ֮£ʮһԶ˼ۣǱһͬķҪİϺܶ࣡
ԭʮһΪֻзչĴвŻƳϵĳд壬ȴû뵽оȻҲУĸжʽֻͬǶٶѣ
˱Ƚ϶࣬ʮһҲûк͸жͣڸҲûʲôӹʮһе̺֮µĿ壬ʱʱĻԼһͷҡһͷ
ʮһҲ֪ǷĶԼֻ˵ţ۸۸ֻԣѧʱֻʱҲӮӼģһҪôģ
˼䣬ʮһ۽ǵƳӺһ绰ֿһ֮󣬱˹ֱֱ̯
ȻҲӣҪȴǿʮһֹֻװ壬ھ̯ʱһ۶ûУԽ̯ӴԼҵľͣڵʲôˣ
ʮһɻһ£ǹһĨЦ⣬Ÿе˵ͷתתȥ
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ʮһĪУվ˾ǲԶĵطǾͿɫͷӶһ߻һ֣󺰵пг⳵ˣ
ֻһͷܹ԰ķиܹȥǸͷµĻϴ̫˧ˣɵ滹ȳأ֪˭˭𣿡
ֱ⳵ѾȥһٶףӲǷӳ˹ָʮһ͸ȥĳ⳵ƿڴֻǲûʲôãΪĶʱѾǵáˡ


529 Ϸ
ʮһûнг⳵˾̫ԶڹսǴ˳ΪѾӦѾһȥˣʮһ֮ԻΪ֮ǰھʱߡ
ǲͨĹߣʮһھмľиЧķģԶһʮһָʾȥķʻ
ӴԼʻʮӵӣͣһȥţıǰ˾ǣǱǮĴϰסĵطıһ¶Ĺʡ
ϴҪʲôٸƶ𣿡ֱʱвѯʮһǴеĿġ
ʮһ򵥵ĺ͸˵һ飬ڸбʾԺ󣬴Χű׸ߣ˿ԺǽתһȦ
ϴתʲôԺǽӾȥ𣿡п°ͿԺǽʮһ˵
ϻ˵ֻͻȻоƺʲôΣյĶڵңֵֻطӦóİȻĻСҲô갡ʮһһ۸֮󣬿ʼĸһͷ
ϴ˵ʲôأΣյĶôΣյĶкǲŵ˵
ҿ㻹Ҳϴ˵ĻӲǲǣʮһתͷŸУȴתһԵСȥ
Ҳǲ㣬ϴֻиʲ֪òʣиʮһĲ
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еĻԺʮһعͷһ۸вûз˵ʲôΪָ˵ĺܶԣƺԼھ쿪ʼ߾û˵еĻһ֮ǰıڽڵʱˡ
ڣ޵У¹Ĺڵʬ˧ʬԼ¹ǺŶɽޣǸˮƷС͹ײ֮еشڣÿһǵʱԼԿģ
ϴǲǽȥ𣿡ߵС֮󣬸пͻȻϥʮһһЩ⡣
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ӦòˣվһԵĸֻʮһһ䣬Ϳʮһö۳״ķֽ˵ϣеһָŸ߸ߵԺǽڣֽöͭǮǷֽӦķϣǷֽԼʮֵľ롣
֮ڣ֮ʮһţ˫ǰϱ仯ŸӡһԵĸۻң֪ʮһЩʲôоͿʮһ˫ֳʽָ״նöǷֽȥȻĻɫâ˷ֽϣʱ䣬ǷֽϷһ㱡ĻɫΡ
ɫĹΣȸдӾ֮зӦѾǷָֽԺǽǸ˳ȥٶ֮øвɵ۾
У벻뿴Ϸʮһ̧ͷŸʵ
ô죿ʮһĻ֮ɻָһԼӿڡ
һڿҲüû׼ǲӴأʮһνҡҡͷ
ʮһĻ֮󣬸ҲͷˣǵͿ׵ľ룬ֱʮһԺٺһЦѧʮһֱ˵ϣ
ʮһӷ콣ȡɫ˿ߣСĴöͭǮһĺᣬһݸ˸УʵЦ˵֮ǰгߣ֮Ա˺ɫΪɰˮݹ
ϴҲģʵҪʲôʮһĽͺҡҡͷ˵
ֻǸһ£ⶼ֪ʶѧ˶ûʮһķ˸ۣŲ˵ǻأ˵۲һʽ㾪ϲ
ھͿˣôʲôҲʲôҲˣнǸõǰֿûзʲôͬĵط
أʮһĴָʳָںĴһ£ĬĬֹһʲôŸеüĵһ˵


530 
ۣܿ˰͸ۣ˷ܵĴһΪǰһ棬кܶĴװīƱһӣӺȻҲС
˷ˣֻһͨѣֻͨܲٿرˣԣʮһ˵пԼһ䣬ȻԲٿر˵ģֻҶѣ
ϴɱǽȥʱȫƨˣۣŮԾɺ˷ܡ
ʮһҲ˳߿ȥָ˵ǸŮ֮ǰɫӵİŮˣֻǿʱʮһɵһüͷΪʲôȥŮûʲô˺أԼô˵Ҳñһ٣Ȼֻʣһİ
Σûǲ˵˵ôɣȻҩҲֻ˵һƵ֣һ˵ֻҵҲȥˣûʲô֣֪ǽ֮ǰҲǶҶùԺǽӾرߵϣһźƱ˵ӱȽĿǣ·ƲֺȥǻᶯƵģ
ʱǸεŮˣӵĻһǸˣȻãǸ͵ߵģҲ֪ҺĹϵͲǺܺãң
Ĳǿðһ㵹˵ˣ㣬ҪѱˣҲûô֣ҵӦҲѾܹõˣǺһЦһԵĶԽЦ˵ĽúõĿһ£жôĻ
ߣûȤȥôˣҲûйϵˣڲ۵λһģǶֻ˵һֻѣĻһվ׼ȥ
ʲôû˵Ҫ˵˶ҲûʲôȤˣϾһǰɣֻǵһһ½ʣϾǸǶȥһ΢΢һЦȻûʲôĶһȴѾܳɫװıڣով׼뿪ٴΰλϣ
ȻڹΪԼԷĻߣȴҲûа취ֻѡͣ
ԺǽʮһҲ֪ԼĲ²ˣεĲǸɫӵŮˣǸǿеӦǣֻȥѾܵ˷˵Ĵ
ϴ󣬺кϷˣǱֹһŮֻǴе٣ʮһ˼ԼɫӵŮ˵飬߾ʹ˸˷ܵʮһعȻҲǸпеĴеٵŮˡ
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Ǻǣ̫ˣǷһ̧ͷһߵŹһ߹ЦһˣһǷǳص֡
ӣΪҲɱ㣿Ͻô˵屻ȥˣ׸˭ˣĻͻȻһֻȵβ͵èƵģŭĴţĽŻ¡
ҾˣҲҪһȥƺ˿ʹͺѾʹһжѾľƵģͷЩңмѾҧһ˫ԭ۾ʱȴǷŷĹâһ˵һЦš
˵ʱƺû񫣬˵͵ү𣬾Ӧ뵽ôһ죬ֻû뵽ɣո͵ͱҷˣһ͵ˣү϶Ѿɵͷ˰ɣ̫ˣɣһɣ
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531 ˵
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˵ɱ裿תͷ˫֮кˮŹָֻΪݺݵ߬һ
ô˵ɱأҸԸ˵һľ꣬ҶİŻȥĸȥãҲܿĵģʱĹһ̬ͷĵͷһԼ촽ȻһѪĸо
ϴɱȥɣʱ򣬸̲סˣתͷʮһ˵
ԭأʮһûпУҲûлشе⣬Ƿһ䡣
סˣ㲻ϵۣҲʴۣһжѾźˣԼ·Ҫߣǵʮһû˵֮š
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ܻеѪǣ֮뿴һǸŮ˵ǸʲôģûκιϵʮһûлͷһǰһС˵Դ泤۾Կ֮ǰҪ˵ľٶƵģ
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Ϊһˣһһ֮ʮһĻ֮վıֱһĶʮһ˵һ˲䣬̫µĸеӰôĸߴΰ
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ϴǽȥɰɣʮһĻ󣬺˷ܵĴһ
ʲôɣȥһԷǹأһ˼һȺǹͻͻأʮһһ۸Уӡ
ˣп˰οǻǹ֧ôأһ£Ʋͷһ֮ǰķ򣬷ֲֻҲһ˽£ǸȴһŵһŲһв֪ʱѾһǹɫģ
𣿡ʮһȻ˰ڵϵĶƾ軭һ۷
ǹ̫޷ˣôһǹһûϴңҷַʰǣСƢ˲͵ȼˣʮһ˵һ֮ǰҸߵǽ
ǺðɣҾ͸棬˵㣡ʮһԼֵôĵģһᣬʲôΣգҲԼֵȥƴˣ
ϣҿɾˣԭеԾԾԣʮһ˼֮󣬸˿ԥϴӦŵͬʱһһŵǽϣȻһԾѾһ׶ĸ߶ˣڵҪʱ˫ͻȻչֱץǽڵϣ˫ǽһţ˲ǽϣ
оʮһʧˣŸĶʮһοͬʱȴǳһ˿ΣȻսҲܸߣⷭǽļûذҡҡͷ֮Цһ£ӷ콣ȡһŷзϣ˫һųԽһ˵ٶȣ˫ǽϿٵŲţӲʱ䣬˾Ѿվǽ棬һԾѾ䵽˵ϣ
ϴ󣬲һΪҪһأʮһ֮󣬸Ťͷƶһǰȥ


532 ĸ
ֻǶ˸ܳȥûԶͱԺѲߵĸˣӭŭľӭ˹´֣ʮһȴһ㶼żҪôСආʰ˵ĻҲʵе̫ˣҲʮһǰ㣬ֻһ棬о̵Ǽ֣Ųͣļǰȥ
ʮһ̵ܹĴǰʱɵö⼸һеſµҲ̫ˣͺֶָ˼ȫ书ͨƵģֻӻֶѣоǸָ֣⼸ߵڻҴǲ书ͨˣ
ʱ䲻ԼӵӣʮһѾŸ˹ϽòԶʱҲոյǵĻ㱨ŭͬʱÿܵǲԶĶˡ
һ·ʮһԵһ£һſʮĸ֣ȫһͽˣʮһûг֣һûлᣬܵͬʱҲڹ۲ͥԺܣҪҵǷеΣյϢ
ֻһ·ҲûҵʲôȻȻһЩ⣬Ҳûа취ΪԼֵΪ˵УǶĸҳԼҲ˵ҪúõĶһˣ
ſǸвŲôأվھԷʮҵĵطɤӴĺ
Сܴʱȴȫסˣʲôһ̵ɵһȾɫͷķôһһ·Լʮֵܣô𣿶ҿǸеӣǸɵӣſǸС˵˰ɣ
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ɱǷģһǷǷǹеĻϽŮȻĻҶǲȴǾ񿴲еǹƵģȻ˵
ԭΪ˾ǵΣеĻ󣬲ɵɫһֶ˼ǹ˵ôֱ׳̲ð
Ծɱڵϵڼѵ̧ͷʮһʱȴûô룬ָԻųȥڸĵǿǲʮһϣǧ𱻹ȥԼһоȫûˣԴʱǽģǵĵģ
ɱ˷ҲҪ˭ɱɱ˭Ϊǲ鰸Ϊǻ뿪𣿡ʲôЦһ㣬ЦţһǣȥһСӣƽһĶֵϣ˭ϴ˭˵㣿
ڹĻµͬʱһӴ˷ӿжʮīӣʮӳʱʮһǸеϾɫΪԷ˶ôģΪʮӵоȻȫεҲһֻĿȻⲢö˱ɫԭҪǣЩһϵж߬һǹǹǹ
ȻԼʵţһôǹʮһлû׵ģ˼һºͳйһŸ˸УһԼǰ֮ʮһе˺ܶ࣡
ϺǣôóŻƷװʿأϣҷӣǸɫͷӾȻ˵óŷ䣬ȻԾǲ£װŪ˵ܲǵʿǵʿҲŶԷܴԼʮ֧ǹ»
ݣǰǹǹʱǻûأѵĽ̽ǣǹôģ˵ţȴѾֻȻһ˫ڵһţ˾Ѿһڵһ˳ȥ
ʮ׵ľ룬˵ǺܽҲҪʮأҪ˵ԶҲȷ㲻ϣΪڹڶСܻûӦеĻʲô˼ʱ򣬸Ѿ˶ʮ׵ľ룬˾һǰɵСŵһɫɳĮ֮ӥһǹеƣǺܶѪӶսʿϲģ
ֻûӦôأ͸оűصĴһȭȻûȻˣΪѾ˹ȥ
ǹŴֵεƵ˲䣬оѾֽסˣֻеֻž͸סƵģֻһգ۵ʱ䣬ҽŲڵһ˾ͱ˸ոշӦĹ˭浽˹ؼʱ̣Ŀôȷҵȴ֮٣бǾӢеľӢһһεִ񣬶֪


533 ŭԹ
ǹɱɱӰǶţգ֮͸ɵԼһСܣһ˶ԷǹͻСһƵԼ̼ͻˣﻹ˵ϴϣһߺţһߴĺš
ɵ̵ģʮ򣬶һŮҲ͸Ѿǳ׷ˣⶫ˵ѾʲôˣֲܳԲܺȵģֻлŲҪģ
˵֮±·򣬹Ȼڹνı֮£һСܾǷһ㣬ŵҲǷᱻˣ໽ţеĵŸгЩǹĸ´ϲеĲǹǹ׼Ÿ
ȻĻϲ׼۶ʱȴȫסˣΪͻȻԼϴҲǹֹסֵ
ȫס֣ôסְ
Сѭȥʱ򣬲ɵЩԼ۾۾Լ˻þ
ǸԭҪɱĶôܵȥأһһɫǹϴ̫Ѩܵϴʱȴһ˾Сһ㣬ΡΡľ˫֣۽Ҫһһֲң˫ȸɸһ㣬ͣĲţ·һ̾ͻڵƵģ
ǰǹ°ɣȻҿǲ֤ǹ߻𣡡һЦеǹĶһ¹̫ѨŵĶԷ޳
ûô𣿰ǹȫ£ô£ȻǺµģһСȫɵǺǵĿԼɵøǷŭⶼʲôʱˣôһôȱأ
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ʮһ͸ҲŤͷһˣִ˴ԼʮӣŰ磬°һСӣֻ۾״ʱӿһֽŭĶ˲ǣֻ侹Ȼ˲һ΢һЩ·ûйͷһ㣬ôţͦ񹷶ģ
Բˣ㻹ǹ˶°ѵˣǰǿ֮ɱĽСŮ𣿡Ļ֮󣬺ҵЦһ£ֻ۾ɵĴģ޲˹
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㻹ǵã˵ʱ֮ˮˮ˳յȥ
ǸС椻ǲֻǿϧ̫ʶôˣȻһͷײԺǱǸʯӣô֮ǰȻ˵ţʲô֮ģԼĻζ֮Уûע⵽ʱӣע⵽ˣܾͲô˵ˣΪʱѾ״ˣеĿһһˣ
ҾСĸ磬ݷô꣬ҵȵһ죬֪սߣôĴ֣ƾԼĻֵضûУѡͶүһһȫ㱨ȻҲֻһѣҲںֻҪܸҶ£ÿһߵĶܼᶨߵ׵ʱͨһ
˶Ľ֮еʱͻȻֹȥɻʱȴڴ˵λүҲ֪ǸʲôģҲ֪㣬ɱΪҵñ𣡡
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ҪɱɱˣзӦ֮󣬼æ˵ǹ΢΢һ̧׼ϵһ׵ȥͼһֻһ㣬ͨһˤ˵ϣƾҪȴôҲ


534 Ǯ
лλүнԼĳƵԼǰҿȥ񻹲ܶӣʱ´ϲٴصĿһͷ֮󣬻æվ˫֮жʼðžˣһֻ˵ҰèͻȻ俴һһ㣡
Ҳ֪СãֻҪң˵ֻһãҸǸŮãôĶԣֲ֪д˸ͲֻܶüæĲϣջ󵽶Էֻȴ֪ǣ˵ЩǻϽͣ
һԵʮһĻ֮ҲЩεҡҡͷ˰̵Ͳ£µҲͣЩ绹̽磬Ȧ÷ˮģ̸֮⣬һ̸ߣ
ôᶮ֮ĸ飡ݺݵҧǰһ̧ŶԷϾ˹ȥǰһˣֱſڵϲܶĹϣв֪ʲôʱϵذףŶԷĴȾǺݺݵһȥ
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ʱѪעѪ˳Źϵ˿ڴðţһĹʱɱһ֮ң˶̲סҪǰͱ
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ǮҪҪԼһ£ɱҾǵү֮ǻҲΪһǱڶ˿ʼԾԾԣعͷ˵ͬʱ˽ڹϵذװγ˸طڲһ
˵˵Ҹʲô뵽˵أԼﾹٴͱһʹĴһ㶼޵Ǳһһѵİ
ΪϲĻתͷŶԷٺһЦ˵䣬γذŶԷĸһʱһѪ˳
磬˵ĶԣҲܾˣֵͦ㵽ףڴ˻˹һ֮󣬴Ⱥ߳һԼʮˣһѲǹ̤ԣеĲǹֱӶȺԥĴ֡
ҸҪҵű𣡡ոձ̬ʱһŵ˳˫֮иӿ˿ĳޣ˵Ѿ˱µĹԡ
˾ɵĿУӾеĵŹСȾһ̵ǸȻСȵ±߿˵⣬Ҳ˵һֱ˸ͨ͸۵ĹֱۣһţȻ˹ȥ
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Щǹ֧߿ĴǣʱҲѾ󶼷еҲ֪Ϊķ֣Ϊһү˻ɱǣ
ʮһʼղû˵һ仰ֻۿһУڵȣǸеľĴڳԼо󣬿ǣΪʲôָ֮о䵭ˣ֮ǰǸˮƷһڴײĵСʱĸоһģ
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ʱѾվŲʮһҵĵطվʮһԼԼǺͺˣ˵ʲô
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˵ϻˣûڱ£һ˼ͱô൶𣿸ϽɱЩˣúĺ˳仰
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ˣ۸ҹܸ磬ȥɣŮͻȻһֻɿݵ֦һֱۣĲӾץ˹ȥ
үүȻҪˣ̫ˣʮһԸѾһǰȥһȭŮֱ˹ȥ
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ȻѾˣͲãȥתֻزӦõѡ񣡡ʮһֻӽضŮ˵Ļģ
ߣȥûйϵٷϻһɱˣŮСʮһĻԵúǲм
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Ҫɱң쿪˵û֮ǰһɵһ㣬ڣʲôǣһģԼİõɵŮˣʮһʲôЦƵģЦ˼֮ҡҡͷһͬĿ⿴Ů
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536 ɱգ
С٣ë˵˵ϽɱǣѵҪҶĸ𣿲ôҶģӦ׵İŮʮһĻôһ˿˿ɻ󣬲ɵüæ
ǵģܸǰҵģǱŮԭһЩԥɻ󣬿ĺ֮ͻȻ̧ͷĶʮһԭ㾫µ٣һ̶ѾЩˣ
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ŮȻʵǿ󣬵ȴһ㣬ǾǸͶ̥תˣΪŮھбΪΪֻأֹֻǿɱģ
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ȥɣŮСٿʮһûԼɵдŭӰһ˾ʮһһͷĳĴһ㣬Űʮһץ
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һеˣ֮ǰ۸ܸһ³ҪǴĻͿҵĹܸ磡ŮСٿ˾ֵı飬Ц˵
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𣬴үǧɱҰܵذ׵ıɵþĴĽ


537 Ǯͱ仵
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Ҳõģ˵֮Ҳһʱɱ㣬һһټʮģϵƤȥȻһһһ½еֱɱʱҲŻȫģʮһǹһĨЦݣ·˵ÿһ仰ôһ㣬ֻǹһվŵˣʮһҪһеɹʱ򣬶Ǹоһ˫ȲԾļнһЩ
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ʱǲȴ뵽Сٸ˵ҽɱ֪ʧֵģֻҪҰ԰׬ܶܶǮǿ԰Ůˣ
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ԣҰɱ֮˵ֻҪҰ԰һеʱ˿ԥľ͵ͷӦˣϾôֲ֪ҸŮ˯˵ǰľͿˣ
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ۺּǴѵףʮһŻֵ˵ôĵѾע˻ˣֺαظһ˼ƽ̫أ
ȻĲˣҾҲûҪˣұΪþȥ㣬ȥϧ㣬ͻһǣҷҴˣУһζĸͻ˴˵మԣҾŮСٵᣬᵽ˸оô翣
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ԼӶʱ䣬Ҫȥͷֻ־Ĵȥֻ۾һзҪƴһʲôƵģ
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ŮСѾ뿪ˣʮһվһԺлڻŮС֮ǰ˵Ǿ仰
һǿĴѾˣøϽ뿪ߵԽԶԽãǸڵʵǿ󣡡
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Уֵ߰ɣʮһתŸ˵ߵκԵʱζĿ˶һۣ˵ǻҪټ𣿡
ζʮһĻеЩĪֻȴ֪ʮһ仰ʲô˼ʮһʵʵǣöҪҪֻΪ˶ӵĲֱ˵ѣ
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ʮһ仰صĺ壬΢΢һЦתеĿɿڴУŸ뿪Ļһ㶼Щ˻Լ˵ȥϾ˭ɵοԼ˲ûʲô
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Ȼ˵ʮһ͸ж˾ѻǹῪǹǵ߽Ժҹϴŵһɲǣ˻ǲĳһʮһоԼĺ󱳶Ѿ亹ˣ
壬ڻˣˣ˸ոսûһᣬ˷ܵ˳һ˵ʮһĻƵ˵
𣿡ʮһԭŵ񾭣ڿеĶһӾͷʱıҲһ˳


540 ɱ
ܹԵģһֱʮһ壬һһңʮһʲôʱıʮһʻ֮ЦŶʮһ˵
ʮһҶûг£һֱŵǿʯͷҲ»еĶ˵ȥСһᣬ廹еҪ
ôˣıʮһĻַʮһµӣߵʮһСʵ
Ӷ֯׷ɱѾˣ˵һ£ʮһıˣҲûתͷ˳Ͼҵר
ģղҺϴߵſڵʱͻȻоɱǹɱȻܵȴǱҲˣûиӦĻѾѻǹҵľ飬ѻ֮⣬Ӧûǹ֣Ҫ취ڶԷû֮ǰɵǣʮһĻ֮󣬽Լ֪ı˵˳
û뵽վˣı˫֮һ˿˼˵
˵ʵĻӦ˰ɱӦ˲ŶԣӦսǿļһеĻȴǲû̫˸УСĵĽԼ֪Ϣ˵˳
ֻûǹǳȥĻҲûа취Щѵصɱְ˵Լ֪֮˫۾һֱʮһϣ취
أȥ˵ǾߣȻһҽЩ֮ȥƱȫˣʮһһ֮󣬺С˵
Ȼ֪ʮһʲô취ʮһĻ֮ǵ˵ͷ
ʮһתŸкıһ˴ſڣһ֮˵У취ŪһѾѻǹĻжİոɵЩˣ
һ룡г˼һº󣬻ʵ˵˳
ʮһ֪˵жգϾЩˣȻֻһİգеĵһЩϾԼ
һ㹻ˣһһٻǰæȻŪһѾѻʱֻҪڻҾͿˣֻҪܹǵߣַӾʰǣʮһкı鶼ǺܸߣɵһЦԼе뷨˵˳
û⣬ϴȥ;УһԽЩ¶صļһȫɵʮһĻȭصԼؿϴһ£һû⣬ⶼСµӣ
ֻǣĻ᲻ΣգıȴЩĵĿʮһ
İɣϹ˭˵ССɱˣʬ˧Ҷһ룡ʮһȻô˵ţȴԸһҪϵʬʬ˧
ԥһ֮ʮһó˷ڷ콣ڲöѩ͵ıϣڶԷĲУ˵ˣкô˵Ҫ͸Լŵ
ȻҪˣһԶŵģıʮһĻһůһᣬˮҪˣֱӽѩ֮΢΢Цһ˵
ıѩܴܶһʮһа˺ܶ࣡
˷ʮһǰǰ⣡ʮһΪ˲ıģ˫ֱӾСٻ
ʮһĻ£ʱΧ¶һ˲併ͬʱһĴһߵزɵý˽·Ĵ
ƴʦ𣬶󻯳һӰʮһǰ
磬νæʮһ֮ЦЦС˵ԼĴʹ˵һ飡
ܼ򵥰ҪȻҾֱӰȫʦץˣһʮһĻʱӦһںӣ
磬ǼϿ϶кŨҵɱǿ̫ˣӴ̫ˣĹ֮ǻ˺ģ㲻Ը̫һģʮһҡҡͷ˵ǾһжˣǱϾ̫ˣ
ǺãȥʰĸʮһĻҲټ֣Ǽʵ
磬ԼˣһҪ˵ԶһģĻˣҲᱻĶôط֣Ȼڽǹ͹ͺˣʮһ֪ˣһº˵
Ϣһ仰һΣٴαһ磬Ĵ˳ȥ
ʱ䲻ƶһӵʱ䣬;һѾѻǹˣ
Ѿѻǹʱ򣬸е˫֮ð⣬ͺһȾͻȻ俴һƿ˶һ㡣


541 
ֻʮһ͸Լı֪ǣһվŵؿһ˾ѻǹԼƮŹʱмǱģΪѾԲ²õ϶ʲôأο֮ǰʮһֶΣžѻǹʲôѾԶˣ
ǹеһģʮһ˽ⲢǺܶ࣬ʶʲôͺŵģֻǿ˷ܵĹâ֪ǹһţ
Ҹط𣿡ʮһѾ˫ֽӹǹѾʼɵʵ
ȫãСɱֶѣҽиǣĹӶһĴƨǣȻҪе˫֮ӿһֽ黳һΪĽһΪˣֿеĽ
ãʮһŸɢǹ黳ĵһͷȻ˽ǶڸҰˣǺʹ޵ģԴʱûж˵ֱóŷԼϣз
׼𣿡ʮһߵſڣѾϣûлͷʵ
ʱ׼ţз·ֻص˵Ӫʮһʻһش
֨ѽʮһ˫¶Ժֱ˫һ˱ٵ˳ȥղѾ˵ˣŴŵķ򣬴ԼҵǴ¥һǹһģһſʮһĿľǸ˳֣¶ľλãȻøиɵ
ͬʱģʮһ˫ſŵһ˲䣬Ҳ˳ȥֻǸеķʽʮһһѣʮһܳȥģȴһڵϷ˸ͷȥģ
֮ĸУ˾Ų׵һʯͷ棡
飡
ڸиոնãʮһ˼ԼҪôʹǸѻֿǹԼʱһʮһͿԼһվĵطȻһָͷϸĶ
ȥ
һ˲䣬ʮһĶͷ亹ˣڷӦҲ֪ʲôˣô϶ǾѻǹӵγɵİָͷϸСʮһ뵽ҪǴԼϣζ϶ˬ쳣
ϸ룬ʮһҽź˳ȥһֱˣԼзҪֱܵĻҲ϶ᱻɸӣ
ȻʮһŸո뿪棬ӻͣȵʱһ֮ǰվĵطǳһӶ
Ǹ治һİôоôıȸִܻΣأʮһˣڵĵǳ֪ôΣյĻͰʫСȫĻһ𣬾ǶԹҲܴ
²Լ֮ǰˮйأ
ֻǴʱѾûʱˣΪʮһֻ֪ҪԼôһ˿ˣ϶ȻһԵ¸ƴƵıܣһ߹ţһȴţôϽǹأ
飡
ʮһ·ĥʱȴһǹ죬תͷղվŵĵطȥȴǾɵķ֣һξȻûǹۣ
ȻȣȴҲϸ룬µĶһҲҵ飡
飬飬飡
ǹ촫ÿһμʮӣʮһиӲˣô˵ǹˣⶼѾǹûдԼ֮ǰվĵطˣǰǹȫǲӦð
ϴܣʮһɻͬʱ֮ȴǴ˸еĻȻԼôԭ򣬵ǳڶֵܵΣʮһǺԥİոеĻȥˣ
ͻͻͻ
ʮһܶҵľ룬һǹɨ𣬶ʱŵʮһȥ꣬ʣһҲѾˣôͻȻʹӾѻǹתɲǹأҲôת֮ǰҲҪԼһкɣ
飡
ʮһɻĵڣһѻǹǴǹɨֹͣˣʮһеɻˣֻɻɻ󣬽ȴ˿ͣ
ϴͣɣ˵ģھʣһˣֻǲ֪ˣжʮһĺ
еĻʮһɵһ㶣ֻʶͣһ£
ʲô˼ʮһͣһ֮תСĵţֻ۾ĴţѾѾһǹ˾Ҫ˵ļˣ
ʱѾʯͷ߳ĸУּžѻǹһ˿Цݣشҵ˼˵Ѿˣ˵ĶʵĻôԷֻʣһˣ
˵ղѾɵˣʮһе㲻ԼĶˣоתٶȶѾʼˣôһĹԼֵܾѾɵԷˣǣԼ˲ûܵһ˺


542 ʮһǹ
Ȼˣϴ㻹ǼֻǷַӵѣмʮһȻţΪԺ˵ֻ۵ȴĵɨܣ
ȥֵţʮһοЦˣһЦһŸȥȻʲôƵģͻȻʵɵǻһأ
ʣǸҲȻֻҪұ¶һټҾһǹйЦţĴ
еӣлعʮһѾ˸е뷨ֻʮһҲû˵ȻԼֵа취Լȫͺˣ
ǱģʲôƨӶ֯Ȼ׷ɱҲҴ쳯ĵؽ磬ҲЩĸ̤ģЦʮһŸеĻͬ˵š

ͻȻдЦһתǹҲʮȵķһǹֻƺʲôˣ
ȫˣгĺһʮһ˵
ϽŴߣﲻ˾ʮһ˵䳯Ź¶Ժڴ󺰵أȥŪƱɣ
ʮһĻո£ؾʹӴ˳ȵĿʮһһۣ˵ͷ֮Ŵ·ȥˣ
ظոܿʱıҲǴԺ˳ʮһĵĿʮһ
飡
һͻȻʮһֱϤĲϤˣǸղŵȽŷȵͣܵľѻǹ
ʶģʮһıסˣһˤȥ
ۣ
һʮһһһʺѪ˳ıǰ
ʮһ
ϴ󣡡
ʮһͻȻһѪı͸нǽֻǸȥģеľѻǹĵطһǹȻһκûдУ
ֻһУʱıûκιϵˣΪУȫʮһʮһǸðѪѪټʮһǴѪı޵Ѿһˣ
ʮһôôɵΪʲôҪҰʵ֪һҵҵģֻȴ̫̰ģ̫ڲᣬ̰ĺһҸʱ⣬ſ֮Ĺµȴ֪ΪԼ̰ĺͲẦǹˣı˫ֽʮһڻʹĿš
ƾôôˣеʮһûһķӦվһһֱžѻǹĸУʱҲǿȦ֮еˮˮӿģԼŬѰŵ˵˫ۣ
ôĸҳվ㶼ҿǹųһ߽䱸ţһߵʮһıǰ˵󣬶Զĺš
㽫ϴԺк֮󣬶Ծڿı˵ˣϽԺ֮󣬿ϴûǸ˵ķ
ıеĻ㣬˫ʮһԺȥֱıʮһ˹¶ԺڣǹȻû𣬸мıѾʮһ˰ȫĵطҲһһȥվſڵλã
飡
ΪԷѾ˵ʱͻȻһǹ촫ֻһȥҪԶܶ࣡
ɻһ֮˲һ£ΣˣǾһˣ
ת˹¶ԺԺŹϵĸУתÿʮһ˫ۣȻһ㷴ӦûУͺ˯һ㣡
û˷𣿡пıɵýʵ
ûУʮһзǷϵģǷǸռˣıҡҡͷƾˮջ£ʱıȫûһȫգԼʮһƵĵģ
磬ûʲô취Ҳû˿취ÿһҲǺܵĵ磬ɵʵ
Ҳûа취ҿԿ϶ǣƴʦĿǰΪֹûΣգΪǵԼƴʦһΣգҲúõվҲҡҡͷʮһҲûһİ취ȴǿԿ϶ĸǣʮһڻûΣգ
ʮһϴû𣿡ı͸Ļ֮󣬼ͬ˳
ţֻҲ֪ƴʦΪʲôûת˵ͷһθ˿һġ
ıǸУ綼֪ǣʱʮһȴڷһֱ仯һʮһʹı仯
ǹ֮ʮһ͸оǰŵϹѩöڴһ΢˲ͽӵٸȻһһĻָڵƣ


543 ı뿪
ֻǾʮһҪ۾ʱȴǷԼ֮ǰѾԼסɽսʱĺȻԼİΧ˳ԼŰţ
Һãڴƺһ㣬ʮһƺԿʮһͳյѾŰʣ޼뵽ԿУ
緢һУʮһ֪Ҿ֪Ҳûа취Ϊʱγһ΢ƽ⣬ֻҪԼһģԼ߾ͻȫܣʱԼһ᳹ױǹʬȾģ
ʬĶԿУʮһԼڵľһһ⵽ƻһ֣ʹʮһд󾪣Ŀǰ״ԼΪ
Һõǹؼʱ̣Լﴦ̫ͼȻӿתٶȣתٶȵļӿ죬Ȼӿ˸ΪǣȻ˫ɫһģ
ȻԼںܾ֮ǰ˫ɫˣһ̣ʮһܹоõƺǰһЩͬƺ֮ǰΪһЩ
˫ɫļ룬ʮһԵĸоڵʽҲ˱仯ԭµһ̣ҲһһţԭһһƻŵľҲһһĻָţ
һֶʮһ˵ԿһϢ
ҿԸоõƴʦһһĺתҪ˶ãͿѹˣƴʦһһ޸ţʮһ̫ͼתŵʱȴͨԼظܵʮһһһĻָţԱ˵˳Դﵽı͸иӷģõʮһƣ
ʮһ״һһĺת𣿡Ȼ֮ǰѾ˵ʮһѾסˣǴ˿˵ʮһתıס飡
ţҿȷڵĻָٶȵĻʱ֮ͿԺת˵ͷʮһƵĺתҪı͸ж˸ܵĸ
һŵģһҪɱʮһ֮зɵͬʱȴ˫֮һ˿߷ߵ˵һ֮󣬶еľѻǹվ
Ժûлϴû֮ǰǧҪЩӳߵſڵʱתͷŲ֪ʱѾ߳Ժ˵
磬ڿٵȥ˵һ£ô˵ȥ֮ǰֶ˵һ䣬ֱƿ˳ȥ
֪ǣߣ뿪ֻ֮ʱıĬĬվʮһһ£˫֮ˮȥʮһˣңúõչ˺Լһһ
Ҳʮʱһ㣬ʱ㻹ңôǾһ𣬵ǣҲϣңټıһЩʣڻµʱ򣬽ŵ¼ֻķŵڵϵʮһϣ
㣬Ҫȥﰡôˣıߵſڵʱ򣬶ȴԭǶȻԼ͵͵˳ʱһĿı
ԣҪȥһ£ﲻҪܣúõԺȥˣ͸˵ֻҸ¼ı֮󣬻عͷ΢΢һЦһЩ˸е˵
ţһһֱģľͿˣǹɵĵ˵ͷʮһǰʮһԱߣĿʮһ
㻹۴Сȫôϲ㣡ҲԷĵˣټװģıӣ˵һ䣬΢΢һЦһξӨ飬Ȼת뿪ˣ
ʬԿʮһôҲ뵽淢һУΪʱڳϲУΪ̫ͼӿԽԽ࣬ϴϹѩǿӿл֮£ʬѹȵԽԽСһһһĥŶԷ
Ҳ֪˶ãʮһһЩ˷ܣΪܾãؼʱ̻ǳŵʬȻˣʮһԺȷǳ׵ˣϲǷǳгģ
⻹㣬ʬһɲǣʮһԼΪҲһҪͻƵļʮһӵľϲһ죬ԼѾ̫ˣ
ʮһܹһһڵھۼֻʮһҲ֪ͻеѣٿڵڰվһȦһȦתţͬʱһһ㽫ȫһֻͻƣ


544 ΪӶľ
ʱһһţʮһԽԽ֪࣬ʱˣٵȥĻڵľԻΪ̫ɵģ
뵽ʮһеƷʦĹؿȥ
䣡
ײƷʦؿϵһɲǣʮһֻоںһըƵģȻһĵһľţʮһ͸оԼһů֮Уر
˺þ֮ʮһڷӦԼƷʦĹؿˣԼƷʦˣôһôͻȻǰÿһͻƵʱ򶼲Լһȫ߼
ֻڶݵѣιʮһеᵽˣԼĽ뵽ƷʦľˣΪڵҪ֮ǰھԺͿҲԶƷʦʱҪǿܶ࣬ΪҪԼѾͻƵƷʦһǣͻ֮عʱһеĸоУ
һֱشȻΧĸоָо֮ǰͻƵƷʦʱѾйһˣںھڵҶڷŹЧŽ֮еʱӣʮһҲᵽԼͻ֮ǹɲȶϢҲ𽥵ıȶ
ңͻʱָʱŶһһӣһʮһһֻþԼΪһֹƿߣΧȻ֮ȫٿƵģ
Ҳ֪˶ãʮһеҪת붨֮лָļ
ʱʮһߣҲˣվʮһԣһոճȥ֮ǰʱӣΨһͬǣȥ֮ǰĸû˵ģʱ򴦾ȻһѪӣʱðѪֻǶһУвûзϣͺ˵ĲƵģΪʱȫʮһϺͶܵľϣ
ѾһˣǸʮһһӶɱѾһǹɱˣȻԼҲԷһǹǺǹᴩˣûʲôģֻڻʱȴÿصʬ·ϣͷһѪôĴۣصı黹֮ǰĲ֮ɫ
пصʬʱû˵ʲôֻĬĬھԵʱĵһͷӾѵƵģһϧĸоȻûеӶ֪Ӷеһ𣬾Ӧбͷľ
ͱǾˣһ죬Ѿ׼ˣʱΪΪ
ֻǵߵ¶Ժаҵʱȴÿ˴߳ıɻǰѯʣڵõıľ֮󣬸Ҫ˵ЩʲôȴڳĬһ֮û˵ֻ˵һ䣬չ˺Լϴᵣĵģ
һģչ˺һҪסңԸһȰתʮһһ仰һʱһҸģı뿪֮ǰԸ˵һ仰
ԣлص¶ԺʮһԵĶԼȻԲѵʮһеģ֪ϴ֮󣬵֪ı뿪֮ģ
ı뿪֮ûţΪΪı뿪ǶԵģȻıǴɩ۵㣬ǰʵжǳϵģʮһϾΪıŻᱻǹģıʱ뿪ʮһܲʲôϢΪıĽֿܲغö٣
һıˣʮһֻģֱ뿪лһЩ룡

˼ʱһ֮ȴǻѾСʱʮһˣ
壬ˣҲʮһֱӴ
ţԣʮһһ¶СԴÿлѪĸ첲ɵüæվĵʵôˣϲأ
СˣֻɱǸļһʱСıôһ¶ѣҡҡͷһνӡ
Ͻϣʮһóһˮݸ˸УһɫʵػûаƱ𣿡
Ѿˣȥվ·ϱɱˣʮһĻ֮ɫһش
ҲһֹްɣϾҲǹˣҲ˵ҶˣܱȿҪãʮһ˵ˣüۼҲɫһ̾һΪп˵
ϴİɣѾ˰ΪˣֻǲȥղŵһϵǹѾ˺ܶྯ͸עˣȻѾ˽ѹˣеѶȣϾⲢǵĵ̣ҲǺܶдִôкܶսʱһۻĵնûпһڼҵĿûк


545 
Ǿֱϳɣһеȵ˺˵ʮһеĻ֮˵ͷ˵ЩȫȻʵˣıȥˣôû
ʮһ֮󣬷ָ˲ȥˣ˸Դ˵ˣɵЩɻ󣬡ǳʲô˰ɣ
ûУϴ룡мʮһˣæʾʮһ룡
˵ˣ㲻Ҫȥȴǲ֪Щı֮ǰ˵Ļתʮһ
ˣȥˣʮһɵøɻˣô£ô֮е㿴Ľأ
˵ֻи¼˵ҪĻͿһ£ʮһʱǸֻС֣ɵĵݵʮһǰ
ʮһɻĴӶСнӹֻֿһ۸УвҿԼ¶ʱһֲõԤУ
¼Ȼ̣ܶʮһȴ飬û壬ԼһУΪʲôΪʲôıΪʲôҪǣ
֪˶ãʮһѾˮʪˣͺվڴ֮УˮʪƵģֻȻʮһȴǾûвƵģһ㶼ںûв
ϴо仰ɩת㣡룬ǾıĻʮһ
ʲôʮһǷһ㣬һץס˸еļֻ۾ɵţ۾Ƶģ
ɩ˵һʱһҸʱ䣡ʵظʮһ
ҸΪʲôҪҶȥ߶ˣҪȥʮһ״ţתҪŶȥ
ϴһѺòãɩѡȥΪ㣬˭֪ȥˣ˺òãмæһץסʮһӣþȫĽסĺϣ԰ʮһѣ
ңҲ±۵ģѰʮһת޵Ƶģ
㣬׷ɱ뷴׷ɱɩҪо飬ǲµģοɩ˵ͻģʮһļǸĸװοƵľܰοʮһ
壬㲻Ҫˣ㲻ˣأһֱģʮһ޵ôģæܹסʮһĴȣ˵
ĻʮһһᣬվֱӺתСԴ˵ȥСȫгɣȥһµĳУ
ʮһ͸дһС˻֮ʮһͺ͸˳͸ϵĴڵҹɫһһĳ̣˭Ҳû˵ʮһΪкңȴΪ֪ôȥ˵Ҳ֪˵һЩʲô
ֻǶ˶ûעǣʮһĶͷλãһһһźɫСԲ㣬ʱʱȥ˵ĸоǹ죡
ʱƣʮһĸоԽԽ꣬ƺǻ֮һŭһ㣬ŭʱһһ࣡
ϴ㻹ðɣ̣ͻȻ俴ʮһһһģ
ֻǣнһ֮ûʮһĻش𣬲ɵ֣׼ǰѯʣȴͻȻ侪ȵط֣ʮһԭɫͷȻգ֮类īһĺɫһ볣ͷĺɫȫͬĸоһּѹֵĺɫ
Ϊǣͷɺɫһ˲䣬ϴŵ·ȻҲ˱仯ԭһԵװһҲѾʧˣȡ֮һɫĽ·ֻ·еĸоаǵģһ·һþɳıоа
ϣϴôˣȥˣһ󲽿絽ʮһǰʵֻǵʮһͫ׵ɫʱеĵһαȡˣ
һ˫ͫװԭһ˫ӣڴʱҲѾͫ׵ɫȻѪɫģͺһ˫ɫͫƵģɫҪԶǻҪǱѪˮݹƵģ˫۾Ȼûʲô仯ǣֱȴǸоĸӵˣ
⻹꣬ø𾪵ǣʮһüĴȻһŵĴԼҳȵĺɫߣէһȥͺǶ꯵ĵֻ۾Ƶģҿɫߵĵһۣеоһ־µĸоһ־ܵĳ嶯
ôˣûʲôڸлھ֮оþ޷԰εʱʮһȴˡ


546 ҪǮֱ˵
ҵϴ󣿡ʮһĻ󣬲ǴӾлعһ³ǰѲ֪ص̣ȫ䱸Ŀʮһ
ʮһ֪ԼϷı仯ֻǾ֮ǰǻ֮еŭһ̺ǸǿˣһҪȥɱ˵ĳ嶯ڿ⸱ģʱ򣬺ɻ˵ҵȻϴˣڸʲôأһ˿ģ
㿴ڵӣֱΪӦԼϴһֻóֻĹ֮ݸʮһ
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еĻʮһ˳˼֮УҪ鿴һԼ壬Ƿʲô쳣ĵطֻ⣬ϸϸļ֮ʮһȵط֣Լûκε쳣
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ֻǣƾʮһԴҲûȻ̫Ѩ͵ʱʮһͻȻԼȥھһԭ򰡣
뵽ʮһһԼţԼһ̫֮󣬱ֲˣȫĵͶ뵽ھ֮У
Һõǣʮһ⸱ֻӰϾüĴĺɫϸߣԼ۾ϵѪɫ

Լ˰ʱ䣬ʮһҵԼԭ򣬵ھйⷽҲûжأֻôһ仰˵ֻعʱп֣ܳ
ͻã֮ʮһˣعԼУǻ쾭ɾصģ
ǷԼҲûԼϰĹУĿǰԼܹѧϰģܹģҲûİ
벻ͨҲͲȥˣֻҪûʲôͺˣ
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ϴ⵽ô°ôȥģеɻ󶼿ƽ̫ƽˣ
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СȫѾ˯ˣԺҲѾˣʮһɵԼĴϺȴǹԼ飬ȫıӰ
һҹڱ˵̣ܺܶǶʮһ˵ȴǺɫѾˣҲϾҪˣһҹδ˯ʮһǰŴİУĪĸˣ
壬ĺ簡ʮһʱ򣬶
ǰҲǺŶСҲɣǾ͵ˣʮһĹһ¶СӺ˵
ϴ󣬶˵ѾڳվȺˣһһͳǳս֮ͿֱȥˣлʮһС˵
ֹ˰СʱңͣʮһһСѺһųվȥδ߳վѾվſǸƺɫͷӣ
ϳɣһжѾ׼ˣ¶ԺҲѾѡõƤ׼˽ˣʿһʮһʮһһԶͣŵһͳȥ
׼˽ôûʼʮһͷҲᣬһǰһ˵
ӲҪǮƤǮСǮأƤܴһԭΪһ׷СĽΰļһæأʰһʮһ˵ĻȴǹҲƵģ
ҪǮֱ˵ϻƪʮһȴԶ˰ʻе˼ֱóһſ˰ʣ


547 Ҳŭ
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548 ˼
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һֱɢɣƴӷΰƮ̽лʱʮһһ˵һ䣡
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ӵʱ䣬ΰ徹Ȼһһʧ˵УһۼûУͺֹһ㣬ŵԼ۾
ǲ˼ǸѣԺҲûлˣʮһȻ˵ľȺɻ󣬵ȴûҪʲôֻǵ˵һ仰
лջ깦ܣʮһҲǵһʹãԸղŵһĻͬҲǾȵģȻɾмعһֲһĸо
˵ˣûκιϵҲټˣȻʮһ仰ûָǶ˭˵֪ڶ˵ģԼæ͵
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˵ĶԻ󣬾˵ЩʲôҲֻܵˣΪףʱʮһ񲢲Լ˵λ֮ˣ


549 
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550 ˭Բ˭
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ʮһ˱ûпҲû˵ôС·һֱţƺҪһֱߵľͷƵģ
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֪͵ۿһʮһԷĿбӵӺвһ˿ʧ䣬СĻشš
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Ϊû㹻ʵǲģˣ˵Ѿ׼ȥˣĻشʮһеΣ

һݵĳĬ˲֪䣬ѾС·˰Сʱˣǵĺ棬ԶԶӰ͵͵ظţȻڴӣ
ʵҪ˵Բģԥ˺ܾһ㣬ҧ´ȥʮһ
ΪʲôҪ˵ԲҶԲŶԣʮһʶķһ䣬ΪǸϵ⣬ɵüæ˵
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ݶ㣬ô˵ҵѣԿɶԻݶĻһЩ
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557 Ҹ
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559 Ը
ֻһ⣬һֱ벻ͨǰʶΪʲôҪץˮ㣿ǧ˵Ϊ㳤˧ԥһ֮󣬻ǾʳõʣʲУҲֻͬǸбǸˣ벻׾Ͳ룡
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560 Ի
ճ˵ʮѵصıڣҪʰǾǷַӵ£ֻǷַ֮ʮھȻûһܶһˣҪʰļһȴûƵģվǵһĿǣ
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֮㽲׼ʮһʱȴֻʮһһδȷӦô£ͿһӰ嵽˽ǰֻоһ˺Ѱʹɵʶصͷȥ


561 ϣ
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ֱǱɣȻ͵ϮǻҪΪֵأʬǴʱȴֻܱʮһͰƷ׷Ĳ϶ܣֻܷأ
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ǣǲʬɱˣֵϣʲôã𣿻ֵܶǮʽʮһĻʬ
ʮһͰ˵ֵϸʲôǣԹӢ۵ȫ磬ԣʮһǰʣȫӢ۵ˣ˵۸һЩ
ԣֻҪܴﵽĿģǶȫʹһСֶΣοֻ͵ϮѣܱⲻҪĺǺܿĵġ
ʬûףǶԷȫƷʦԼҲӦñѹƵһ㻹ֵûаֻô֪ʮһǰʣͨƷʦԱģһˣʵ̫֣


562 ɱ
ˣҪǸͺˣĻҵлڻܶһССĸ꣡ʮһŵѾһ̲ʬǸп˵
˱˻ˣûʲôʽɵĽһʬ㻹ôģʱӵĿʮһһۣڴһԾȥзĹЧٵûҹɫ֮У
ʮһͰ˲ûϢֱȥһصĻ𳵣Ƕ˼ɱˣʵΪԼҵ˷ֲ̫ɢˣ
Сʱ̫֮ûгɫҲŸոһѣʮһͰȴѾ˳վվվſڿ͵˾
ļɱ֮ٵһɱһصԼ֮ˣһ촫Ϣʱ䣡ʮһһ۵лϵĺɫС㣬С˵
̫ˣϲͻȻаȵЦһ£ʮһ˵
ֱģϲŮʮһʿһ飬һ۶Է֮ŭ
иʲôҲϲŮ̫ˣһ·֮ߵһСſڣкСֻһվҳվԶкܶסլɵǣеڵС֮УԶ˲Żôµؿ˼Щǰ͵ĳ⳵˾ѾĺǮǣǲǵĳ
ԼȥɣվСſڣѾ˿ʼæµʮһСĶŰ˵
ʵҲںģҿȥģʿʮһЩĵ˵
ûʲôںںģȻˣʹǴҲҪһֱȥοҲΪԼߴˣʮһ΢΢ЦһЦ˰һĵ񣬶תԽС
ʮһǰʣܸоõסŵԼֻ֮ͨ˶ѣͨĲ֣ͨҲ߿˵ȫľԵ޹ģʮһȴǱҪȥɱҲҪᶨȥʮһϲ۶ϲӢ۵ԭ
ʮһлڵʾߵһԪڣһЩϾɵСߵҲѣûеݣ¥֮ҲһЩխ
Ӻʮһ504ǰŵĶʮһһ˫Եıһ£ţ֮ûֱŶ룬ΪҲ֪Ϊʲôǲƽɣ
˭ڴһԵһવЬԶܿЬǰͣˣӳʮһһԼʮ꣬ϻûθɾĺһЩֵˣ
˭Ӵʮһ֮ɻʵ
ǺǣʮһЦһ£һ˶ԷϣȻ˴ܽ˷ڣһѴ˷ţ
˭ˣҪǮǿԸ㣡һֻǿڵż˵˲Ѫ
ְ֣ϹôˣͻȻԱߵķгһŮһԼʮҵСк޺ˤڵϵ˱˹ȥ
ǿȥûǵ飡ӼԼźܳһ˲䣬˵˫֮зһ쳣ΣյĹâɵýĴ󺰵
˭ΪʲôҪҰְ֣Ҫоץ㣡Скȴһ߿һ߶ʮһ
ǺǣסˣǧԼҵˣʮһ֮нϲŭ֣ȻǲлͶ̥ˣ

֮󣬵ʮһ͵Сſڵİʻϵʱ򣬰ʲôҲû˵ûʣʮһҲû˵ʲôֻǻһطȥ
һˣҲ˶ˣһѧУſڣʮһֵָеǸѾЩձͷҲһЩ׵ͷ˵
ȥɣʼʮһһЩãǳ˵
õģ٣ֱɱɣʮһҡҡͷ˵һĴˣֱ׼˫ֽӡˣ
ҼȻˣܲʲô¶ɣȻ֪ʮһԼֵ˼̧ͷζĿʮһ
ˣֻһҪ֣ͽˣʮһЦЦȻʲԼʵͼȴԾɲϣ
߳ߵۣ֮ˣ⣡ʮһ˫ָòͣ͵ԼĽһ㣬ʱһĹâ˵£
žͿɹâһ㣬ŵһ·ٵǰţգ֮Ѿֵͷߣһ˲ûͷڣӾͺһֻͻȻƵģȥǿֲϧǣһĻע˲˿ü


563 
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ǵģը˿ͺڱװ˶ʱըһ㣬˲Ϣ֮䣬ֵһƬѪ׷ɣѪǽĵǣϣϣһɫȻӾǿˮī
߰ɣһкУǳĵطʮһͷ֮γɵĻ棬ֺгɾ͸еĸоǾԼֱǸţɱ˶ɱôУôĶ˸жĿѣԣ
ðɣмʵ˵ͷͻȻ˵ҪˣΪֻ۾֮пʼѪˣ
ĸҪɱģνģӦ֪ΪʲôʱʱľҪˣʮһν˵Ӧÿҵг˳ޣ鲨ʱ򶼻ᷢ仯ΪʲôҾͲ֪ˣֻ˵Ĺ⣡
û㣡ʮһĻ󣬰һʮһ§ʮһļһǰȥ
ҷôһȫأһһʮСʱģƱ֮󣬰ʿеĳƱ̲ס²۵
⻰ҾͲˣôȫأʮһǲĿ
ѵ𣿡һʮһȻɣɵøգһ£æֻһɻѣ
û˵Ǵɻ˵ȻȻǻ𳵣̺òãܸ߼˺𣿡ʮһ۾һбǲҪ˵
Ҫߵļ󣬲ɵæֺõıסԷļ˵ⲻûȥǵķɻ𣿶֮仹ûͨҲֻˣֵҲûŰⲻ𣿡
ʵɫ΢һתʮһæץʱ˵˵ˣҿ˵ˣкܶģ⻹̣밡һиŮأ;ʮСʱгô˧䣬һһģǲǺ׾͹ǣͶˣ
ô˧Ļְ취𣿶Ǳҵģ㲻֪𣿡ʰʮһһۺ󣬺԰˵ûнҴʮһСƭİϷΪЩͲںֻǳûһʮһѣ
ȻˣҰ׸ô˧ˣһһȺСŮʮһҲ֪ʾеĵԼⲢ˻ܴ
뿪ʱ仹һСʱҲżȥվߵĿϵ»˵㶫˵ˣ
ϵʱϱߵλӻǿŵģҲûٶ˵ҲûʲôҾֱɵ˴ϸֻϾҲѾ߰˵ˣ˯һĻ͵ˣ
˸ո£һŴ䣬ұϻһ˽ʮһƳһۣӴԼʮһ㣬ŴӦǸϰģӦǳģֻȻֻһۣƾΪƷʦרҵʮһ˴ɨԼ˵Ŀдһ˿м
ӣʮһͰʶֻƳһۣ͵ûˣǸڷźöҲû˵ĴȥҲʮһϱλá
ӸȥʱǸڰ̵ҲˣһŨױĻ𱬣˿̽ȹǴһɫ˿࣬µһ˫ɫĸ߸ЬһС͵ӣһֱֻϿһСӾģ
ŮӸһͳɹ˵עֻŮȴǺܸ߰ɨһˣֻڿʵʱԵһЩȣȻǱʵòˣŰ΢΢һЦ֮󣬷źŰ˳ȥ
ŮӲЦãһЦ֮£ʮһǰʶһЩˣ̫ô˷ˣӣľٶһ̣ܶһʹü˵Ķ쵽ɤˣʮһˣԼǸݺݵ̿ˮɵаһ
˲֪ǣǸŲͬʱǸŮҲкݺݵıиǺݺݵĽȫΪɫһ࣬ǵһ۾ΪԷò𺳵ľƺɫͷӣû뵽ӾȻҲһĺɫ
ֻû뵽ǣòټĴŴԼǻ𱬵ģϻûмܲȥĻǾѾ˵ģ
Ȱǰ׽һȥλŮ죬ʮһǸŮŵȴȴк


564 
Ůãҽһ˳𣿡ʮһ̵ӱʾԼò
Ǻǣãҽǰһ˳棬أڴ΢ЦŶ˵
һŮ˵ʮһûȤˣһİ˵ôģʶʶΪŮ԰Ӧеģԣָһİ˾Ϳ˵ģǱȽϿܵģ
Ů˵ʮһǲǰŮ˻˵
ʮһİҲûȤ˶һۣɵþϷŮɣҲҪԷǸʲôģ̫Ļˣһû򵽻ǵһɧ̫ˣ
˵ƾһ仰ʮһͰʾôΪŮģȷʵеϣ⻹أʮһͰѾ̵˿ʼˣٶȼֱǱ4G찡
ȻûеֽĿʮһͰҲͲʲôˣأڴֻҹʱ̵˾ȻţԼԼУʮһ˾ȻѾõĽˣҡҡͷѾЩ˵ʮһҲͲٹһֱӲ϶Ÿ˯žˣ
˯ʮһһëˣȻʱ䲢Ǻܳʮһȴ֪ëѽĵˣ
Ҳ֪˶ãԺʮһμˮμıμ̨ϹѩԼĸ˺ǿĵһ
ʮһе뿪֮ʱȴͻȻо˶һԼĶɵһ˲˹
ʮһһץסֻץԼֻ֣˫һɨȻѾ˵ƣǻǿԿóǰʣҲٿӻδվѾһֻ˳ȥǿǵûиоɱǳڣһֻһֵⲻСˣ
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ʮһֻоԼһźߵʲôĵطֻҲû̫⣬ץ˵һɸߣֻǸӰˤ˰ʵĴϣ
˵˵ɣʲôʮһŵʱѾˣʱʮһȤĿűĽŮˣ
ʲô˵ģûʲôֻǲСֻѣȴһţ񶼱ˣȴǸͲں˵״̬һֻأװί˵
͹ˣһŸûСҵֻڸҿЦ𣿡ʮһĻɵЦˣȻԼߵλеΣԼֻһɵ˵ȥ
УһһžûҲʹĺ𣿶Ҫǰ߱ˣԺҲѼ޲ȥˣ㸺𰡣ȴ֪ʮһĻ󣬷ǵûһĺ»ߵǣȽʮһƵ˷һ˼ҵҲ֣ܳ
ȣ˼ŮӣҰĻ˵ǸŮӣʹԼһû˵ҲǺʹҺѳܵģ
ΣԼߵλ̫ˣɲõߵ˼ҵϣν˲Ҷ̣˲Լһߵ˶ԷĵڶϣĿǰԼͰʶҲûʲôʵԵʧ
Ҹ㣿ڿЦ𣿱Ϊ˺ܺ˵ŲҷַӾңʮһЦˣǱŮ˵ĻЦģһΪԼͰѾǹ޳ܵˣŮ˾ȻԼ˻Ҫ޳ܣ
֮ǰԼΪıϹѩѾǹˣȴû뵽Ů˼ֱǰΪŮ˵Ʒӵ쾡£
һͲţܰôģҪ͵ֻǽȴû͵ȴأžٲаҲĶŮºֵ𣿶ѵ㻹Ҫɱ𣿡Цװһ޹˵
˵ҪַңѵǴ˵һַҲҪһ־ͺˣǾڰȥҪ֣ʮһӻͼ˵˵ȻƾҪʮһ
ͣһʮһԭΪһߵ˶ԷβλټǸŮӶ붯ŭǿԷȻôߣҪɫȻһ£˫ȴһ̱Įޱȣһĸɫʣ·ǰվŵǸˣǸһ㣡
ԭſԼһһأ֮ǰһҲԤչţȴ뵽һβûЧһ˾ȻԼԼ֮ǰոսʱп˿Լܻȵİ


565 ж
һ̣ʮһǱ񳹵׵ŵˣҪкԼϻŴǸ˳ߵǮأˣ˱˾ôԼһᱩ¶ģ
˵һ°ɣԱߣҲֵ̫ɣҲԸ⣬Ҳ֪Ǹ滢ļһӦǺȹĶˣʼѾɹıʮһ嵽ˣ֪ʱѾˣһĸ첲ԼĴԱº˵
ҪΪ㣬ҿ϶֪ңʮһԾװܷŭӣϾɱҲûеֻΪԷ͵Լֻһ˶Էֵزοֻû͵ɣԼһţ
ûʲô˵İǶ˰Ҿ˳ǵ㶫ѣˣʱɰץ֣Сĵ͵һʮһԷԾɺӺС˵
ɲСĽȶɫͷӸĸоеֲŵƺɫͷӾȻһԼҩǸӸԵˣһ˳˶ԷһЩ
СĽͬʱҲЩģԼѾôˣ˵Ϊֹżʧ֣Լ𱬵ĵƣÿζ¾Ϳȫ˵ģȴǰδеˣ
ŶΪʲô͵ǰǮ˰ɣ˵㲢ûԭ򣿡¶һĨζЦݣʵ
Ҫ֪İ˵˲ֳʮһۺС˵Ĵźһ㣬Ǯ񣬵ǸһŵļһĴһͶӣһӣôܲǮأ
Ļ󣬰ʲɵ̧ͷʮһϴŵ·ʮһҲʶĿԼۣԼôԼ֪أıϹѩѾͷԼ·Ǻܺõ
뵽ʮһɵкǸˣǣһĨҸЦݣ
أʱӵĿʮһһ֮תͷʵ
һǲˣҲҵģشΪҸ߽ʱǲѾ׵ĳǵˣңǸļһȴ˵Ļп϶Ҳ죬˵Ķ԰ɣ
ĻʮһͰʶ˶һۣæٴζǸûƵģʸҡҡͷ˵ˣֻΪĴŶѣ˵ò˰ɣ
ʮһȻͬʵ˵Ƕôֱ׵˵Ǹееֱ̫ˣֻⲢͷʾͬʵĻ
νڸ˵Ҳ˵ˣǲǸ÷ˣŲô˵أֻϣԿһ뿪
ټŶǲúãټܶûʲôôʿһʮһԷ΢ɲĵһͷҲ˵ͷ˵һζĻ
Ųܰ˵Ļʲô˼أԷͬԼߺʰһԼİתˣȻ𳵻ûеվûͣҲֵܵҪԶһ뷨²ȥһطһվһᶼҪúܶ࣡
Ҫ°վ̻ڻ˯󲱾һƣ˯ĸһ㣬Ȼʮһ˵
ţҿºѶùȥˣͷϵѪɫӡǺŨˣʮһҲǵ˵ͷڰʵĻʾͬ
ԭԵһµģڿҪһȴе̫ˣε˵ϾһİˣĻܹͲˣֻĿǰҪһ٣ǾͱҪѺܴһһԳɹ
һ֮󣬶Ҳû·ϣʱӣͼ˯ˣϾǶ˵ֻһͶѣ
ҵĶôˣãʮһһɱĽǲ۾һɵƵվԼͰ֮Ĺϣ˻ߵĺš
ʱҲѾˣʮһһ˯ʵĺܲĿǸӣ˭ζǲˬģ
𴲣ҵǮֻˣҺܻһ͵ģҲһ͵ģLoserʮһͰ˶ˣɵָŶ˴̬֮Ҫжӣ
ں˵ʻشӴб۾һۣ˫֮ѾŭʼˣʮһǰʶģοǱһΪǵɵָűӴ


566 װ
˵أôģػ͵ҵǮ֪˭ҵǮн𿨵ģһǽε̬쳣ţûпʱʮһͰѾҪɱʴˣȥҲûʲôƣǸӵƢˣ
ڴʱѾ糿İ˾ŵˣܶ˿ҲѾ˹ߴ󳳴ֵĶʱȫΧ˹Ҫһ֣
Ǵһ㣬͵ҵǮֻƷȫһ˻ܲץǣĶˣ̬ȸˣֵô࣬ǶԷҲˣ
ֻ֮ͷԼˣǴشǰ˸ͲǰճƵˣ
үװȣֻ۾Сү͵㶫ˣô㳤ʲôö𿨣ðʱţֻҲش뷨ΪͬʱϾһƣ⻹㣬󻹶ĶӺݺݵһţֱһĲȣſ˵ϣ
ⶼʲô֮󣬰ʻͣʹֻ˫ֱסͷڵϲͣĴŹ֪ʲûöֻǵѵһ٣Լϻôʹ֪θ룡
ֹΧΧ۵Ǽ˴ʱҲɵˣŵ÷׷׺ˣһ²һǺܶ˵Ĵ׼ֻⲢˣ
ס֣Ǿ죡ȴڶʱһΪӢ˹һ֤İ˵
Ŷã͵һ⻹㣬ȻҪҶ֣Ҳ⾯Ļ˲ͣҲܵŵô룬ֱӾټٵ˵
죬û㣬ʲôΪʲôҲܴ˰ᾯƺͲ԰һףʵĻһֱ־Ƕһٺǳ⣡
û°ɣȻ󲻵ȰʷͶӽѾ˵
٣̫ˣ͵ҵĶ黹˵һִңԶҪᾯ֮ԾͲˣڵϾͱŶԷĴȺ޵ǽһҰ֪ĻΪ˳أ
ȱޣһһģᾯټæοתĿʮһͰۣ˵İóҪѲ飬һҪǵ
ԭΪǸľ죬һ⻰˼ֱӾ˵Ļ˰ʮһͰʶһۺ󣬾εҡҡͷû㣬˵Ǹʲô
Ͻģĥ䣡ȴ뵽ᾯ쿴ʮһͰʶ˾ȻԼĻ֮ûжɵúֱӾҪԼֱˣ
ʵᣬȴǴӱɢĺƵģֱʹһ飬ɵվסˣ
ͬʱʮһҲ͵͵˫ֽһӡܿ죬ʱҲ̣ܶôʱ䣬ӡѾɹˣֻʮһûעʱһӰ˳ĵϣʱһεĹĻ˰
һǳС͵Ľ磬ʵϸ˵㲻ǽ磬ֻ˵һּ򵥵۷ѣ˿ǿģҿģӰҲǸԼģȴԺĿһһΪҪǣ۷ǿԸģҲ˵˵ǲõģ
ȻûпʮһĶǰȴǿ۷εһ˲䣬ѾǰһȻһƴӵϣ̼䣬ԭʵ׵ͷһ
ȵгվʮһͰʶ³ٴеʱùߵļһﻹſڻʹİţ
ȻֻһСǴ֮仹ǿԿԲһ棬ΪʲôʮһͰʻô˵ôΪǸľȻóľֻ֤һ˲Ĺ򣬵ʮһͰʶ˻ƾŹ˵֣ɳ
ԣʶģӦûֵܣֻ˵Ҳ֪˭ģҲ湻ˣһ滢һɵ
ֻ³֮ǰʮһǸӢ۴˸绰ܽһ£ϾʮһͰȻ£ҲԵ޹ʵıٷϣ
ɷһ£֮ٴλʲô˵𣿡һƿֵͲɷʮһ


567 ټ
˵ƨһɫС㣬ɱĸ֮͸Ͻˣҿɲˣʮһ˰һۺ˵һ׵֮ȥһУƾͲˣ
߰ɣϽѸȫֻǶҲһ𣿡˵Ѿǰȥ
ܲأֻ¼СѾͷߣʮһ̾˿ҡҡͷ˵ڶСѾͷʮһ۰ԼҪȥ޵б𣬴ŶܲǸð취
ʵԴȥа߻ҪȫȻǷչһϾȶڶҲܷӣǱͬȻûԼзˮЭȴľѺ̨
ҪǣһӻһӶǾĸ֣Ҷȫᾡȥ㣡ټϼͳӢжһ˵Ҫ񣬶ҲһЩʮһһһС˵
Ҫһ㣬ǾǶ˶μӱǵȥǱ¿ˮЭᣬֱӽһ˼ҲʦְλҲкܶͬԸǣʵǿϺܶ࣡ʮһ΢΢һЦ˵
ֱӽ֣ǻԸҪ֪˾ͻȨģʷһ䡣
ҵģǾʹԼ򲻹Ǿһϣ˵˻ʦһѹأʮһν˵
ҪӮ֮㵱᳤ҵʼʵ
Ȼˣ㵱᳤ˣʮһشĻȴǳƦ
粻ϲˣ

˻༥֮󣬱ֱӱŵһĿȥˣֻǵߵʱȴסˣΪúԶѾˣǸԼ֮˾Ȼ֮£ֻתһص㣡
ʱܿ죬ԼСʱʱ䣬Ѿ˳նɱԼ֮ˣֻǵ׼ȥĸԼ֮֮صʱȴǷԼ֮ˣ
ʮһǰװ޺ǺСǼìܵģΪһǳˣһһŮˣһ֪ôȥԵŮˣ
ҽȥɣҾˣҳ֮һȥӶУȻʮһԥʲôҡҡͷЦһ˵ʮһԼҽɣ뻹ѡ˵ϾĿǰΪֹûжʮһʲô˺Ҳܹóʮһȷʵĵģ
㣬ǧ˵Ҳˣʮһ˵ͷתߵһԵ·ߣ˸ʯվĸɫŮȻѾˣﻹǱ˿סŮǰİ˵ǰ߹һȻǿ¶ŴȣŶȹֻȴǴŴµŮˣ
ʮһ׼ϸʱȴͻȻŵòΪǸŮתͷԼһۣһͷ˰۱
˴Լʮӵӣʮһ˺洫ĽŲΪǰѾˣϽתȥǵ֮ʱһ˲ȴҪתӵĳ嶯Ϊ
Ǻǣɰʮһεվ˵
Ǻɣǲ𣿡תʮһʵ
㣬ôأȻˣһֱǺѰʮһæͷƴЦݡ
ЦͱЦˣʮһһ֮󣬼˵мϴξˣȴûü
ʮһĻ󣬲˼ЦݣʲôȴԷ˵Һҵܵɱ޵УȻǺóûضԼҵĿȨҶԲط
ң㲻ңҲȻȥɱ޵еİʮһɵһ£ΪȻ˵
֪ɱΪɱ۰ãȻûб飬ҡҡͷʮһȥڵĺլ֪ͨ޵УҲǴүүģ
˵ʲôԭ֪Ҫ˵ʲôģͻȻվһ˫ֱֱĶ
˼ǣ֪ͨ޵УǻȥڵĺլŻ¸µȻץߣȥʮһ۾˵
Ҹԭ򣡡ʮһǿŲԼߣȻ˵ĺͻȻֱЩʵ
ԭܼ򵥣ΪһżȻĻһ˸үү죬˵ʲôһ˸õˣǸѾ鵽˽ʮһһ˵һҪ취ʮһϵĶĻǾͿǵĿһˣ


568 
ǣȴʲô޷뿪ǣǡҿԣҪһǣ˵ʮһģȥĻȵɳʱǾͲǶԷĶֻ߾ԣҲѽǸʲô
ʮһǰһ˫ץסļĿĿŶԷǶһģ֪ˮ޹ģôһŮΪ㣬Ϊǣ뿪ǻһ㵱ѣô𣿡
ʮһţ·һѽȥۿ֮ˮϸǲ֪ʱѾǲˮ
ﾭסʮһĴһƣʱŵŵˤ˵ϣֻʮһȴǲйģҲǿվ
һм޵Ϊ飬˴˸绰ģ֪˭ͨ籨ŵģţ֪ͨڣ֪һὫϢ޵еģôĻȫɣ
Ųھɱ㣿ûкǽˣҲǳʲôĿģǶ˺ҵˮʮһţ֮£һѾ׿ǰһֺֻݺݵŶԷĲӣ
ǺǣΪ˶ԼҵĿȨҵүү͸ױ˭ҶںοҸͲʶã˫ץʮһڲϵ֣С˵
ʮһŭţӵһЩҽĽԷ̧ʹֻǿýżڵϣȷΪ˫޴Ϣ
ιǸͷˣɿ֣ȻǾͲˣڴʱܹˣʮһţգۼѾ˾ʮһ׵ĵط
Ůĸ˶ģƴҪһԽύĻᣬһ˻Ӣ۾ĺʱοͷӿȥӦúܺöԸ
ʮһʱǷŭ͵ʱеҪĻʱѾʬˣҾǣʮһȥֻأɢҪĻһһĥţǴʱȴͻȻ֪ðļһ
СӣȰϽ֣ҪʱһʮһôţɵҲߣԼʲôˣֻʮһȻӢ۾˹飬ΪӮң
ȻǾɣʮһвһ˿ĸɫʣµһ˲䣬һӣöͭǮֱ˷˹ȥ
ҪɱǣʮһĻ֪Ҫ£æҪȰ裬ֻȴԾһµʱֻöͭǮ˳ȥ˶ԷĲϣȻֻϳһĴָϸѪͭǮȴѾ͸˹ȥ
ûʸ˵ʮһȴǼѾſڵϵˣһ䡣
ʵֻǲǰɱˣ鷳ģ뽫仰˵ڿʮһ֮ȴû˵ʮһԼû뵽ˮᱻ޵ץߣֻҪ޵кʮһ³޶ѣˮץĲıⰡ
ֻЩǲ˵ģΪ鶼Ѿˣ˵ʲôأοˮ죬Ѿ֪ʮһǲԭˣ
һ仰ҪʵĻشңȻһɱ㣬ĵܵܣʮһûǼΪ֮ѪеƵģ˫Ķ
֪Ҫʲôֻ˵ȷʵ㣡˵˴ʱ۾ʮһԼеģҲֻǰѣΪҴһʼӽһĿģֻһ⣬ֻû뵽ǣⷴ㱻ƿصĸο
㣡ңʮһһһٵ˵ߺͼ촽ڼٵĲţֱȸ𣬶ʮһͺѺɫѾûҰף͸Ϊıܣ΢΢ţϣܹһʵĿӿȥ
ӣһ˲䣬ʮһ֮ǰһʱ飬Ŀշһ㣬ȻԼϲûĵߣ޹أʮһյԼĵģһԼԼҲĶŮӣʮһȻһЩ²ȥ֣
߰ɣԺٿ㣡ʮһ۾ƾˮ£ٴʱץŶԷӵ˿˵һ䣡


569 ʹΪ
ΪҲģô㻹һ𣿡ʮһ֧ŵ㣬һˤ˵ϣҵ˼֮ȴûһ˿ٺĿģ֧վٴߵʮһǰֱŶԷ۾ʵ
ʼڣҴһϸĸ磡ʮһ˫֮ŨŨıˣתҪ뿪ǡڴʱҲѾ˳첽ʮһǰһԿ󣬷ڼЩվȵʮһŽֵ뿪ˣ
㣬ʲôˣʮһͰʵӰոʧڹսǴһӾͣǰѿ޺˫ۺͲϵۣԼȫ޵ӣеѯʵ
û£ӵ㰲һ£ǵ⳥ɣ·ûĵƵģʧĹսǣ֮عͷָŵϵӣȻĪУӾô˵˵ҲǸһĹϵתűȥ
ʲûֱӴʮһȥӶһŵҪơƣʮһĬĬĺ
֪𣿡֪䣬Ѿȸһơƣʮ֧װģǵЩ⴮Сˣȴһڶûж
ȷʵֻ֪ǽɣʲôһ֪ȻʮһͻȻڽǸԼ֮˳ʮһӵʱ򣬾Ѿ֪ʮһӦ֪һЩʲôԴʱʮһֻ֮һ£ش˶Է⣡
ʵˮץұ޵к̶ܴ϶ģȴûºɱˮʵǶԲˮʮһٴκݺݵĹһƿơ֮ĵ˵
֪һʲô𣿡ȻʮһĻ֮ЩȣǺܿͷӳ˹еľƿһ䣬ʮһɻ񣬼˵Ǿ飬ǶŮ˵İ飬˵Ķɱ֣ôҷе죬ҵǾú
ҾúܶԲˮʮһʵĻ󣬳˼һ£˵
ˮģֻҪÿģǱҲܸˣϣһǿԿĵĻţȻˮйأֱɱˮĻ޵аҪľɱ޵ǸʼܵĿʮһ
Եģһеȫ޵УҪȡϵĴвŻһеģʮһտãǳĺһٴκݺݵĹһھ֮ᶨ˵
ͶȻͨ˾ͿԣǺȥӶǣʼǽʮһͨˣҲǸˣϵ⴮һ߳һ˵
ôһżأʮһ֮ͨҲ˶ʼ
ϻ˭жôɰأʰһʮһ
Ҳûðϲ벻ʮһ尡ʮһǵ˵ǼƵĿŰʣ

ϴǱˣʵıʱԺдžȭͻȻˣɵúǿĵ˵
ƨ⼸Ҷû°ɣʵһ۸УһȦ֮ʵ
Ŷһжû⣬⼸ԴСҲȽչˣټϻҲ˹ʵĻҲͲٵǱˣǻش˰ʵʻ
ֻǸûֵǣᵽԴСʱʮһ֮ȴһ˿ӵɫȻֻһȴʵĳֹ
ʰһ£϶ʫʫǣһȥУʮһŸ˵֪ԷҪʲôƵģ˵ΪʲôĻнΪֵܵĴӪˣ
õϴȥʮһĻ󣬺Ǹ˵תˣʮһͰʶ˾Ժеͤһûһĳ
ʱ䲢ǺܳҲʹԼĸСʱѣҵǣֹǶţлУԼǶϲĶȴûʫʫţΪһֱڵŵľʫʫ
Ҳ绰ѯʣõĴȴü˺˵ףϽҶڵأȴǣߵĻôǮͰ׻ˣ̫ϧˣ
ʮһһ£ҲôƱҲϵģʱ䣬ҲͲٴˣһߴ齫һߵţΪʮһҲûκεıԹǿĵΧʮһתתȥһӺ汧סʮһ˫ֹĲϣһ͵͵ʮһĴϣգŴ۾ʮһץƣʵΪʮһô氡


570 
˵ƺһЩأ
ŰɣôźҰ
ʫʫʱʮһ߻ϾǶһˣԿ˵Ǵͷ䵽βҵǣǮȫӮȥˣû뵽һƽɽ¶ˮģȻô齫ʵ޷Ⱑڵǣ֮⣬кͻҲĺң
ҰӮЩǮҲ˺թ˳ϳԷȻȥӺеУ˵Ǵӵͼൽϲ࣬ԽĿֻ֪֮ȴҲû취һΪƱ֮ڵĶˣΪʮһȷʵǺɻȻѾйһξˣֹˣ
ôҲżǴһ𣬾͵һֵֿˣҪһ㣬ҲֻʮһͰ֪ԭǣʮԼ֮˵ҲҪһʱÿһԼ֮˶УʮһҪֻֿŸÿԽ⼸ʱӣ
ֻƵòˣ׼һٵʱȴǳֵпųȥһº߼ˣҾƵץһ͵Ůˣʱڱƹأ
һ⻰ʫʫͲˣž͵Ҳ˽̵ģǺž˳ȥҲֻø˳ȥϾе˼ҵƺҲһЩȻʫʫѾͷͨˣЩʱǲеģ
ʮһȴûжŶλźŶ棬аڣ淢ʲô鶼ȫõĵģ˵ǸлǻһƲ磬οҲֻΪȥ֣ȻʫʫıⲢˣ
ʮһȻ͵ץˣǵץסˣ˼ǲûʲôʧԷٲ˵ԷһǮҲͿˣǮǻӮô࣬һٷͳԲ⣡
ֻʮһѾι˶ԺüֻϺˣȴûм˻ǷҪȥһµʱ򣬸ȴ˽ʮһ˵ϴ󣬶˵ȥһ£˵ǵһˣ
ոι˶һϺֳһָ֧ǵϺʮһеĻ֮󣬲ɵһ£ʲô˻һһҪԼȥֱӽͿ
ʮһǣŶڸе˳ȥתһ֮ҷĴãʱ˰ʼ֮⣬һЩϵΧʱЩ˺ڿмʲô
ʮһˣ˸˸ʮһԣʱѾ˻СԴ˼ϣȥѾһ̲Ѫˣ
˵ҪȵҲѾˣô죿ôʮһСһͷ˵
ӵĻʮһɵһüͷƳһ۶Էֿ˿ϵˣȻתͷɻĿһԵİʣһ˵ĻһȦҲû˭ΨһпֻܵǵǸѾĿӵˣ
ڳǸŮʸʮһţʮһ˶Է˭󣬼˵ǳʱѾȥˣղ˵һ˵͵ϰĶһϰˣڻҽԺ֢໤أ
Ǽֱǿ˵ϰûҲ˽Ծͽ˴ҪˣǾȻǹָңʫʫҲǷ߷߲ƽıԹ
ôϻ˵ǵһҲˣҲˣŮˣĻǸϽˣ֮ǰǸٴŵĽϸ֣
Ⱦ˵ʮһóһˮޣһԵʫʫŸкͻʹһ񣬶Ҳᣡ
ݣ˵ĻôûǰɣӼİëȻһ㶼Լӣˬƿڴ˵Ҫǰһʮһĸоֻû뵽ǣûأ͸оԼ˸һƣһܽģ
ϴ˵ûڽл㣡վӵǰ˻ûӦ֮ǰѾһ˳ȥŶԷ콫ൽ˾ʮһλãȻԼվӵߣ
Ҳݣȴ磡ʱ˿̣ӵЩ²ǷӦһ໽žҪǰȴһɱˣΪһһֱû˵ӣҲǻʱһ֧ǹǴ̫Ѩһ۾ͿնѾˣ
𣬱𣬱лú˵ú˵ʱҲǿ˶Լǰǹ뵽ԼղӦûӦͱһŵ̵Ӹץ˹Ҳһ飬ΪĸоˣԼڵĴΣգвܾͻɥŵ˵Ѿʼˣ


571 ܾ
Ǻǣ֪λôƺʮһԷˣɵһЦòʵʱʫʫҲѾʮһˮϣʫʫһɲǣʮһȷĿһ£˿ȻеأǺڵǣǻڣûɢ
ҽɣϵ˸Ӷһɸ磬Сɾˣʮһæ߶µ˵
Ŷɸ簡Ǻϰʮһǰһץסɵ֣˵Ļȴǲһ׵ڳ֮ｹ۵ģǴɣǴʱһǹָһָʮһıӴһ٣ûϹѧǲǣǺϣƭ˭أ
ŶŶϸãʲôܷԸȻѾʮһǧ飬ȴ˿ұ¶ͷ˵
壬𣿡ȴ뵽ʮһеĶȴգźĴ۾ɻĿʮһ

Ļ˰ʵ˵һЦɸ֪࣬ܲʮһǼٵģҲֻεĸЦ
ȿȣûиֻ֣˵ģʮһǳһ¶СԴŶԴ˵ɸ˵Ů͵ϴĶһʹϴһƨڻҽԺأȻɸ˵аۣҲҵ֮׿ң֪ɸǷʲô
ûûɸ˵ôĴȥˣ˵ôĽðǹָңһ
ǾͺãɸȻͨʮһЦЦתѾԺתѹ
˵ѵģǸѽıСĶʮһ˵󿴵ʮһԾ󣬼ͣǸճʱΪʲôɵĻͲ˵ģ
ллǣǡڴʱת˿С˵
лǣֻҪشһ⣡ʮһ˵ıʲôϵ
ʶı˭ȴǵûлشʮһ⣬Ƿһ䣡
ûʸʣ𣬻ߡʮһû˵ʲôֳĺܶȴǿԸоʮһ֮еǹ䣡
Һıʵ鲢ǺֻΪһҲͬΣգǡıȻҸˣ˵Ҫ˵뱨ĻͰûµȥƽеĹ¶ԺչһЩС
ǰ׼ȥƽеʱıȴǸҷϢ˵¶Ժ˿ҪᵽˣʱҲҲŻȻҲܵʮһټ뵽֮ǰڻϣʮһͰʶôݲùģԵҲԥһһʮȫʮһ
֪ˣεأʮһ˵ֻ˭Ҳһû˸С
ʵҪȥǵʱߣֻûжǮǵϴҲϰ壬˵һҹȻһ¾ͬˣȴ뵽ȺãܲĥѵʱСĽƵ˴ϣεˣʱѾ֮ǰӦ飬ҵȻҪҵһˣ
ֳֻûôǮҾֻðϴŵĽϴŵֱˣȴ뵽ճžͱЩһץˣǿϰεˣҾһٱ򣡡ԴˮѾȫķӦеĹЧ
Ļ֮ʮһˣһĸоȻûʲôԵģֻȴȥǲ
֪ˣʮһһ֮󣬶Цһ˵
ɸ磬ϰôˣʮһתʵ
ֻ֪֪ϰ屻ȥҽԺʱɫɫģ˻ڳ鴤ͣһָͣץԼ壡ʮһʻҡҡͷȻһ²˵
ɫ鴤ָץԼʮһͰԼɸĻȴȫܾȣһͬתͷŴɸ磬֮гɻͳԾ
ǰʲô𣿡ɸ⼸˵ķӦСʵ
ܹȻϰ壬ɸǲǿԷλѣʮһûлشɸʣǷһ䡣
ɸʮһĻٿ˿վŵĸкͻȻЩԸǵ˵ͷ
ھȥϰڵҽԺɣϵԽþԽΣգʮһԷͷͬˣ˵ȫɣȥȥͻأ


572 ּ
ãȥɣСʱĳˣʮһĻ󣬲û˵̫ĻֻĴʮһнӹȻЩԸ
ʮһŴɸҽԺϰڵĲǰʱѾǰСʱ֮ˣ
վҾˣ˭ҪöԷʮһ˫ǰĲţһԵĴɸ罻һ֮󣬱Ž˲Ȼڴɸ绹ûӦʱ򣬾ѾŹˣ
ڵĲúܼ򵥣ֻһŴһӺһӣʮһû뵽ʲôϰסĵطôǮ˶Ҫסڸ߼
ҡҡͷ֮ʮһԼʵ̫ˣ̧ߵǰŴһŵĴԼʮ꣬ͷȴǻ׵ӣ˫֮һ˿⣡
İɣ֪ӦĿԣʮһվڴǰڴϵϰ˵˵ǶϰڵǸ˵
ֻʮһãҲûһ˻شĻһ㶯ûУ
ҪٲɱͱҶֱˣʮһȻûԼˢһһУ׼ʱϰϣ
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һȻӦʮһĻȴһֽŴյĲͻȻһ磬ʮһȻ֪϶ϰڵļһù֣Ҳеŭˣ
Сүƽ͵ĺһ£ȴűǰɣôǸȾϣѾ͸ҿȾ˰ʮһŰХŵ磬ԼǼתֱµ¶ȣһеŶԷԴϾȥ
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ʮһеķϰĶͷǰһӣһЦ𣬽žͼһɺϰĶͷ֮˳ȥȻٶȷɿʮһϯȥ
ݣǸˣʮһֻȻҹԼʱоǻˣԼô˵ҲƷʦǶʬ˧˧ţĹ֣ȻһССҹԼ̫Цˣ
ֻʮһµͬʱڴһģһţֱŴĽŲȥͬʱŵķǰĺٴ˹ȥ
ʮһΪһһʵʵĽշϵȴǣȻһε˿ˣΪջǣֻȻԼû֮ٴһתƮʮһҲ࣬Ŀ
̸ʸ𣿡ֻһһ˵˫ֱǰѱĿʮһ֮л֮Уǳ˲м
κ£ȥֻأǼȻִôҲ͹ֲҳֺˣʮһ˫֮оһһӣһбʳָָָ֮䣬ͬʱǲ̤һȥ
ͣͣͣʮһֳбԼԭŵģ˲ʧˣŵĴţμٵţܺʮһ˵ʮһебƵģ
˵ͣҾͣǺûӣʮһͲһԿģֻһգ۵ʱ䣬Ѿ˶Էϣʱ쳹ڲ֮ڣӰҲڲϵŤţ̸ǷܱӣӾһֻסʨҲƴѿһ㣡
ʦʦƴ˼֪֮ԼͰѲŵŷԼϢҲڷٵʧţžǰ˲ټԼҲòһӾͻɢɢ׵ʧϣ
ƾʲôô˵㲻ǺţԼʮһֶһصӿǰĵ
ʦҴˣҵСʲô֪ʲôȫ㣬ҲȲѵİĽкţõӰӵıĵˣҺʱ򣬸ǶʮһֱӹȥϱҪһ¶ϼѣԿȥζǴŰĻҳƵģ
ʵǲƶЧʮһЧΪƷʦ֮Լھеļоģȡó䲻Ч֮ǶĹЧΪʮһרƹֵģϣٻȥʱһʲôֵģҲֱ̫һŷͽˣ
֮ǰˣ˵һ£ûϧҶûȤˣˣʮһһĿŹڵϵ˵
ǱƲѵģֻǻѰǸӺҶһɱҵŮҵļҲҲȫȥ˰ұҲй˵İʦǧʱӰѾĲٵˣԭŨĺѾɢʣ޼ˣͺһϱĤƵģ


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ʮһ˵֮ƿ߳ȥˣֻǶſڵĴɸ˵һ䣬ϰʱ֮ڲˣҪˣ


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ȵɸ練ӦʱʮһѾߵȵĹսǴˣһŤʧˣ
뿪ҽԺʮһûٴλط꣬Ǿֱȥ˻վΪֻô̶̵ʱ䣬ѾǾʮһ뿪ȥһСʱˣ
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˵׳ʵ˵СɵĹҲ˵Լǹɱһ̣ʮһˣľ̶̵һ˲䶼һı仯˵Ӧһϵ
ΪûйϵȴպΪͻƴ棬Ҫ֪ˮʦƷƷ˵Ϊ˾ͿͻƵģһֶǶԵ򣬵֮һ˵ܼ򵥣ܹᵽһֵеȴ֮٣
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͸оͱˣΪҪܶʮһĲţʮһԶĳ磡
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һ·ʮСʱʱ䣬˵˵Ҳ治̣еʱѾǵڶҹˣʮһ˯Ķһ˳
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ЩȫȻ֪ʮһͰˣʱѾ˽һҪɱԼ֮˵ǰ
ЩɱԼˣɱҵˣʮһͰʻδȶֵʱǰȴѾȺʮһ˵
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ȷʵеԼ֮ȫѾ֪ˣһɫͷĴ׷ɱԼ֮ˣò˵ҪʹԼ֮˿ֻŵĿȷʵﵽˣһܳɹΪѾȫżæŵأӲң෴ǵͺһжѾָƵģ
ʵˣȻĵ㣬Ҳû׼ʲô壬ֻһ˶ѣӸʮһͰЩַǳȵı飡
ԣѡôһطʮһΧһ˵Ĺ԰һ۶ϣЦŶȻЦǶˣ·һо֮еӣ
ǵģһԭɱ֮󣬻ȽϺôЦЦ˵
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ʵҺ֪һ£źܶԼ֮Ҳ֪Ȼ˵
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֪ʮһΪʲôɻеһԼ֮ôܵȥˣе㲻ѧ
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һǵİʳ˵ʮһɽ·ȥ

ھǵĳԺ֮ڣһԼʮһŮ㱨ʲôԽ˵Խ࣬ŮɫҲԽԽţȵ˵֮ŮѾ̲ס˵绰Ȼ󲦳ȥһ룡
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ȻһһǸʦһɱǾʣǺܶƷʦҲʮһȴǱ˼סˣֻԴǴ֮һʧˣ
ȵٴμһʱʮʱԼǵһǿУƷʦ۷ǿ˹Լңȵ޵ֻӴܣǾʱһȴٴγˣȻһ֮ԿֶܣԴһۣһų׵쳹ϲȦ֮УڷˮվԼĽŸ
ȻܶоһĶʽҲֻܴŵĲ²⣬ĹȻʹ˲һȴǷˮʦһҸڶʦ̽óĽǣһӦǵõǳĴ֮ʿĴУ
Ҫ֪Թ񣬻ô֮ʿе˲٣ܹĴеȴָ֮кܶ˿ʼһϵĴУﰵһνһΣȴûһܹɹĽҲһ飡
һǴһս֮ȻûʧҲûԼҴԺǳܶҲ֪ԼȻϻ޵Ȩ˵Ѿһˣ
ʮʱѾԶԿƷʦˣѾʮ꣬ʱ꣬ʵﵽʲôزѾû֪ˣ˲²⣬һʵѾﵽƷʦľˣ
ʮһϹѩ鵽Ϣ֮߰ȫվﲻˣһжģôһǸţǾţ


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˵пܲƷʦǣҲ㣡
˶˶Էеս⣬һ֮ʲôҲû˵̧Ϸȥ˶֪ǵĿ϶ǸԼҵһˣϾȻˣϾǱŻҪϡٵ
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ཻʱһصĻҳһȦһȦĹɢײĳӰʮһһֻ֮£ʱʮһֱѾѪܣԭҲûˣֱǳ䣬ֱǶ䣡


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ֻǣһոճеʱʮһȴͻȻһΣȻͶʮһһһµɲǣʼʮһȴٴλһ£һͷǸʮһȻʧˣ
б仯һ˼һһºȵֵĹһ˦ֵĹӭѾǰʮһӰ˳ȥ
ۣ
飡
֮мһƵǡڴʱ۾İֻʮһӰת˲֮ͻΪĭƮɢˣʮһеĳҲһӴһؿڴ˽ȥӰǶȿԿú콣Ȼûȥһ֮࣡
Ȼթһ˵ɿӣȻʮһļϣʱʮһӦ˳ȥƣ¾콣ץס
ֻǾڷ콣ʮһһߵ˲䣬һ콣˵˿ڶʱһѪѪȻʺɫģǰɫģѪһ˲䣬һ˫ڴץ˹ӣʮһȥӰ˳ȥſճ˫־Ȼ͵ץסѪˮ
֪һ˺ʲôۣһɫЩ˫ǰϵı任ƣȻҲڽŷӡ
νŴ䣡ʮһҲڴɵһ˲䳹׵ıŭˣʲôֶΣСү֮ͬڻûдôңǴûбܹͬ
ԣһ̣ʮһϵİҲȻз콣ˢˢ÷˺ֻӣµĿŶѾڽӡһ
ǡڴʱˤڵϣֻʮһȴ滹ʮֵʱ͵Ļڵϣһ˵ϣŷ弫ٵתȦ֮˫ȵվ˵֮ϣ
ŲϴϹѩ͵ʮһ˫΢䣬콣ǰڽĻƾѪڽϷʮһȫŷ콣ڷӿȥ̼䣬콣ɢĹâ֮⻹͸һɭɭ⣡


579 
콣죬ѪֻأʮһëȻʮһĻµͬʱһҲǽӡѾʮһʱһɫʮһ
ͬʱʮһ˫Ҳڲϵı任ţգ֮䣬Ѿ任ʮӡλӰһ㣬̲סۻң
ӡɣʮһһӡѾҵĶķ콣Уʱ䣬콣ͺһƣͻȻһ޺ţһ㣬ӭһĳĺɫ˹ȥ
䣡
ں֮ɫâײһ˲䣬һ촫֮ʹÿһ˶оһըڶһ㣬Ĥƣ
λõʮһһ˸дУһʱ򣬶˾ǲĸоһ̣һѪӿʹƴҪʻȥöԷԼˣǻ̲סһ˿˿Ѫ
Ƕ˾ûзԱ˴Ŀƣֻһ˫ҧ˫ľӡٶһ䣬ǶɢŹĺɫȥ̼䣬ɫԭΪ콣ײĵһЩĹȻٴεıŨԭƾеʮһٿŵķ콣ͻȻ˵ֵסͷ
ߣһԸ㣡ʮһһһȵУͻȻϥ˵ϣȵǣʮһȻ֪óöͭǮһֱֱ߱İһ
ţּ̫ЭʮһֽӡдʣָңңָڲϺ˵ķ콣
ʱ䣬콣ϹâʢԭѾЩ˵ļ˲ŤתӲĽɫֶ˻ȥֻھһ֮һľʱȴôҲˣƺٴδﵽĳƽ⣡
һʮһжǷǳģڷ콣ͺɫٴδﵽĳƽ⻥ԼŲǰʱ򣬶˼ͬʱ䣬ٴԶң
ʮһŵϳֱ״öͭǮһָͬʱиٶ˿ھָ֮ţ󣡡
ʮһھʱָָŵöͭǮգ֮ԭֱ״öͭǮȻһ״ͣ״Ķֱָǰķ콣
ָţΪ⣡öͭǮ֮Ʊ״ʱʮһٴһȣ˫ֳ黨̬֮ǰȥһһǰȥ콣ҲһιâʢѾ֮ҫ̫ԵһЩʧɫҰ
Ҫ˵ͨˣһԲԶոյϢƵİʣǲò۾ʵΪ̫ˣ
ݣ
һȻ𣬽žһҽ𣬰ڵŹâ۾ȥȴǷǶ콣࿹ĺɫȻˣֻʣ¿бýϡĺ
ںıǸһֱԼ߹ҵĹᴩ˵һ˿ڴȻ͸źĹâ˵˴ʱȴһȵ˴һı飬һʮһһԼڲͣѪ˿ڣ
ôܣôᱻ˵ôᱻܣܵģһǵħƵģֹͣĽţ˫֮и¶źͷŭĿ⣡
ûʲôܣѣ浱µһȻҲ֪ѧϰڤ繦ģһ޷ĽʮһЦһһ죬콣ѾǻصУĮĿһ
û뵽֪Ļͦ࣬ΪҾܸ㲻ΪѡصֻΪ˿羰𣿡һʮһĻ󣬲ɵЦһһ֮ǰǳԸĿʮһ
𣿻ʲôϷȫʹɣȻһ˾ûлˣʮһȻܲԸţ֪߳ˮţֻôȻԼѾܷˣǲûʲôã
ǹţһϲľǣ˱һҪţǵҵţһ쳤Х˫Ȼչʱ䣬ӿĺķһӿһ˲䣬԰Ȼĩһ㣡
ʱ˿̣ʮһȻᵽʲôкѹǳݣ
ôǲǺܼһʮһס˵ӣΪǱŵˣɵſĴЦź
ȷʵܼôıЩӰеëЧҪ˧ԺҪǮĵӰĻ㣬ǵøۣʮһǺЦһ£ǲӵ˵һĶͷװһոӼ˵ǲ˼᳹׵ȥǮʱ綼Ѿɢˣ


580 ൱
㻹ǺŰֻûҵѾҪָ𣿡һЦţͬʱѾҹһŨĺԼ壡
һʮһûлشһĻֻǵЦţһָƵͬʱҲڻָƣֻԷôſᣬˮޣٽϹѩ͵壬ƻָٶһҪ죬Ż˵ôķϻ
㲢°Ҿٺ仰ȻҵҲͻ᳹׵ĻָˣһǺֱӣֱӵվĲʮһһᱻôֱӵĻò֪룬ϧǣʮһֱӣĻֻǵĵ˵ͷ˼㣡
Ҿ͸㽲ҵĹ°ɣΪģֻǵΪûʲô˵ģܾܲôһֱվŰɣһƵģٴηϻһ䣡
ʵҲһҲ˵һģΪһڻûʱѾȥˣǸʱӵظ˳Ϊ˶ܹץ֮²Żĸ֮еһ֮ڣҲû뵽ǣĸؼŨĵطȻҵĹ屻ĸյһһľ˺ܶ࣡
ԭΪһɹӤʱȴǿһΨһͬڳ죬ܵҵϢҪץңȴǱĸǸԵˣû뵽ĹôĴ󲹣ȻøĹץǣҾȻӴ˻ϰڤ繦ؾԺҵĿʼ˸ı䣡
Ҳķˮ֮׽֮ǿϰڤ繦ʵ⣬ҾȻҵʦѡˣӴһǧһѧ귴֮ƾԭڶʮʱﵽ˹ļ𣬶ҪԶԶıһĹǿܶ࣬ǹ˧ҲӦսֻû뵽ǣȥˣҵľ羹ȻҲӹһǰ㣬»ƣ
ȻĻΪҵʵֱǻ֮һĻڴʱһţͬʱһҲǳ׵Ļָˣ
ˣ½ˣҵҲָˣʲô˵𣿡һԾͲӰˣղһƯڰ֮УԸĿʮһһ㣡
ֻ˵һ䣬ʹƻָˣһξеڶΣʮһᣬȴһǰȫУͺʮһſǶ˵һ
ȷʵȷ𣿡һʮһĻǵ˵ͷʾͬתͷԾĿʮһʵ
һµͬʱʮһδ仰ʲô˼Ͳһϵʾڲϵֻգ֮䣬ʵѾ۷ˣһһֱţ
ȥˣҲᣡھͿ˭ĸˣһ̬ҹƽƴҲܹ뿪ˣͬʱҲǲһǲΪǺĶʮһ˵
ûһʮһ΢Цſ˰һۣĮĶŴʱѾڳŹ˧һΪһûɱ޵Уûиˮ𣡡
ڻµ˲䣬ʮһ˫ǰһĽǶȣһֵӡ˫ֵı任˫ϾȻʼıһ㵭ĺܱĺ֮סԵôأ
ʱ䲻˵̵̣ܶʱ䣬ʮһӡˣֻʮһӡ˫͵Լĸʱɺšһ͸˸Ȼ˵֮ڣ
ͬʱʮһĵһɿ񱩵ŰʮһϵΪͿʼıٶ֮죬ȻһΪĻҪ죬Ҫܶ࣡
ܣôҲΪطһʮһƵı仯ɵôΪԾ˵
Ϊ棡ʮһһЦ֮г˲м
ʿڻΪˣŲŶԽԽˣǳʶʱʵСڣȻȻˣȴѾ̫࣡
֮һΪѾˣ˧ľ磬ʮһΪҲֹͣƷʦ۷壬״̬ƺƷʦҲֻһ֮ңѣȻһ֮ңȴǶƷʦһ޷Խģ
֮ǰǹƷʦԴ˴Σǹ˧ƷʦȻԴ˲ɱ㣡ʮһ̧ͷۿŶͬһȻ˵


581 û˸
ղŰֻܸǴѣΪ㻹Ӯ𣿡һ˵βµͬʱֻȻ̧𣬳Լؿھһ£ʱֻӿһڰɫѪˮ
Ȼͼһ֮дһ˿ݶѪˮһץһӣʱǰγһѪָϣֻѪ֮бȻһЩʲôڽʲôصӡܸӵӣ
Ȼ֪һЩʲôǾýֺͷȥ룬Ҳ֪϶ǱħʮһҲҵ飬һӡ˲Ϣ֮ʮһǰֽŹӡÿһӡֱӴӡ֮УÿһεĴ룬ӡ϶ɢһȦ΢΢⣬ʮһ־ͺ˷ƵģͣĽӡ
ֽӡͬʱʮһȴƯǰķ콣ץһ£̼䣬һѪϳ֣Ѫ˳Ƶεڽϣ

ʮһѪڽϵʱ촽΢һʱеڽϵѪȻת˲֮͸˽֮ڣͺδֹһ㣬Ȼʧ֮󣬷콣ĽͻȻɢһɺ֮⣬ʮһڵ֮ɫ
Ѫ֮ԶİʼʮһѪҺû˽֮ڣֹâ˸ɵþ
ֻǴʱʮһûʵĻֿٵĻ˷ģÿһĶڷ콣ĽϣÿһҵĲһ£
˯ԩ갡Թʹߵ壬ٻΪãһֻһ߱ȻţͻȻһĽкȴǹŹ
һµʱԭѾЩĺǱһģ֮һ㣬ȻΪӰʱצħһ㣬ƴʮһ˹
ʮһһЩŰĹ֣ȻΪиеͣߵľȻǹȻֻһֻѣҲˣ
ĿһʮһٴδһӡʱӡȻһһ̼֮ЩŰĹ־Ǽ屻ʩ˶ƵģȫվﲻˣֻȴԾصĽкţ}ˣ˺ëֱǸͨôĹУֱŵȥ
ԩԹǣһЩֲܶˣżһֻʮһķ͵һƣʱЩס˵Ĺ־ֿԶˣצŰʮһһ˵ٶȸ
ͬʱʮһǰĹӡɢͻȻȻֹһڳĸͻȻ䱻˴ƵģȻе㲻ǡǸ˵ĸоȷʵΪ֮ǰӡͺ߳Ƶģ
ӡѹʮһٴνһӡӡ֮УгȵֻӡȻԭصתת֮죬ȻһķתٶԽԽ죬һЩĹ־ȻֱӴɢˣ
⻹㣬ڹӡתٶȴﵽһٽʱȻ˵֮ϣ
䣡
һ޴ײ֮֮䣬еĹ֣ҲֻȻȫԴصĽԴܵشƵģ
ִ֮֮ԩ꣬л죬л꣬գʮһһ䣬л˷콣ӡ֮䣬ſھлɢһѪɫâĺڹ⣬ʮһΪϯȥ
֮䣬Ѿӿʮ֮Զڹ֮еĹ־ɢ񱻺ڹûһ㣬һʧҲôͻȻ
ӵʱ䣬ΧеĹĹ꾹ȻȫʧˣɫҲٶȱе̫ôĴôůֻȴѾЩбˣԭ֪֮У˵Ѿȥһˣ
лڳӯ˺ܶĹ꣬ʮһ¶һ˿Цݣû뵽ôĺã֪Ҫʲôǲ֪ôлźð
ߣû뵽Ҳ˿˵аǺЦڿ˵ԼɣȴǼ˵ĹϰҲаһһŬװһںӣ˭ܿóڵѪȻⲢΪЩǶģΪһһʮһ࿹ķ
ʮһûڼɣҾ˵ԼɣҲңɣʮһ˫֮һ˿صİʲôƨɣŲϡأĿһһ̧ʱڵϵĹӡٿһ·һ˹ȥ


582 ָ
ѪΪӡһĹӡҲһΪ磬־ô飬ܲʶӡȻʶǾͱȻ֪ӡ֮Լæ˫ֽӡһѪһ֧ѪӭŹӡͷ˹ȥ
Ѫ꣡һһߺȣ˾ͻһӰѪ֮ʮһ˹ȥ
ߣʮһԷѾʼƴˣҲٷϻһֳ֮ʽָ״һס˷콣Ľ˫ڵһţ˴һڵһ㣬һɱ˹ȥлѾ֪ʱٴս˵֮У
콣彣߷ָᣡʮһХһ˲仯һ⣬߿ٻһ㣬һţһոսӡ仹ûüʱʮһѾǰ
һȻʮһٶȣȴ˿壬ΪһѪʦ̸ľУʦ˵򲻵ѾһʱǧҪʹãһΣǵһʹã
Ըܵõʹһ֮ʱԼͻȻñΪһ˲䣬ǰʲô飬һ㡣
ԸоõԼڵѪҺѾҲúǿ˺ܶ࣬һЩƮƮ
ͬʱʮһҲĵ彣һǵһʹѪ꣬Լֺγǵһʹ콣彣أ
˼շת䣬ʮһֱеķ콣һ֮֮ʮһȷԲеӣ˸о޾߹֮һ㣡
ʮһǶһվԶѾ˵İʣĿӷ콣Ľ⴦ȻӿɫĹâĺʮһھһ㣬裬
ЩɫĹâգۼ侹Ȼʮһͬ콣һȻһ޴ɫһһϣһײһ
ԭһİɫѪ⣬Ҳһ˲ͱɫˣ
ԭѾ˷Ⲩը׼ȴģһײȻûзû֮ǰǰըĳһзôϢ쳣İ
ɫâĵȥ֮󣬰ʿǰĳЩˣȻ˵οȴú⣬ΪʱһϳһڴֵĿֻоȻûѪҺǰɫѪҺûУ
һԼϵ˿ڣĲţǲ˼飬ôҲû뵽Լһΰͬһ̧ͷ˫Ŀ޹ĿʮһӮˣ
ҲֻϧԣұɱɣʮһҲû뵽콣彣ȻôǿɱָᣬʵӦģֻǲ֪Ϊȴλһʮһû뵽ֻһѣͽżնɱˣ
ƾڵս޵иͲĶ֣ȻҲѾʬ˧ˡҲԼҿ̫ˣһһӱرľǻָ֮ǰԸģ
˵ݣǶԴˣһ˿һʴ֮ģҲУһЦһһѵĿǶʮһ˵ʮһûӦ仰ʲô˼ʱ򣬾ֻһһȣ
䣡
һĻ£һըһɾ޴ıըɢϯ֮£ܵɰʯʱĴ԰һЩȽϸľ۶ˣըҲת˲֮ͽʮһӰûˣ
ɢȥ֮ʮһγˣֻǴʱʮһϵ·ѾȫѳһֻǿסҪλҲǼ˵ʲôûдˣ
ޣ̫ˣҪǸͷùӡֵסˣ㲻Ҳñըˣֻǿϧһ·ˣʮһĿţһǱѾɢ˵һļ׹ǣҡҡͷתŰվĵطȥ
վ𶯣һ·ϵ߲Ѿסˣ㻹ǻһ·ɣǿɲ뱻˵ȺãʿѾҪվȵʮһæֹ
תȥʮһһ°ʣҲܶԷǷжѾһϵĲȫˣڷ콣е·һʹˣ֮ŷ֣Ȼһɫĳ£ɵЦһ£ԭϹѩǸѾͷģ֮ǰϹѩ绰ԼСһʱŵ


583 
ʮһֶ֮Ű˵ֻһ£
ԼأƳһʮһǲԸóֻ
ϺǣǸ6أʮһӹֻһۺ󣬵Ϸ˰һ£˵ֻǱһǸһԱը𣿡
ʮһվ˰֮󣬲Ű˼ֳȥȵǱ߽֮ͨʮһ˵ιң
֪㣬ôС绰ˣǲˣϹѩʮһĻ󣬺Ǹ˵˵
㣿̫ˣֻǸл֮ǰСһѣѾԶʧˣʮһϹѩĻ㱻ҭ椵ԶҲ̫һɣ
Ӯ̫ˣҾ֪ûµģϹѩ˷ܵ͸Ͳ˹󲻵ʮһ˵ͼ˵ʲôʱȥǰҲҪȥ㣡
ʲôң㲻ǿҪ𣿡ʮһæֹתƻʵ
һʱأȥǿ㱨֮Ըһؼ忴ұϹѩ˵
ҪǸҾ͸Ҵһ٣𣿡ʮһϹѩϽ
С˵ȥһҪȥϹѩһ֮㽫绰Ҷˣ
ˣʮһֻʵʱ򣬰̲סһ䡣
ʫʫƬȱ˺ÿʮһûлشʵĻװ˵
㶮ʲôʫʫƽʱֻǲױѣʵʮһһ֮󣬱ӵ˵
ǺǣʮһֻЦһ£Լֵܶ飬лǺܸ˵ģǡôʱѾߵ·ڣһ⳵Զʻ˹
˳֮˷ˮЭĵصͲ˵ˣʱʮһʹط֮ĺ֢Ҳͳˣϳһ֮УпαϣҪȺþˣ
λǴ԰ģ˾ʦ͸Ӿ˶һۣɻʵ
ţʲô𣿡֪ʱʮһҪϢֻԼش˾ʻ
ûʲôԵģֻǸղſ԰ϿողһƬܲо͸ҪƵģʵ̫ˣ˾ҡҡͷһ˫С۾Ĵһ£˿ƵģС˵
𣿺ܲҪɣǸղɽҲע⵽ˣʲźۼһʮһǶῴأνĺƻʮһսһأ
ҿԿ϶ǾԲҪ꣬һʮ꣬ĴҲûôĺưοǺƶ콫ɽѹˣҴ￴ȥǺƾɽĸ߶Ҳʮ׾Ͳˣ˾ʦʵķ֮ҡͷС˵
е̫˰ɣѵ˲ɣû뵽˾۲ôϸ£һʱ֮䶼֪ôӻˣһתɴཫƸˡ
СֵҲ̫Цˣʲô˰˾ǺЦţ˰ʵĻ
ʦΪô£ʿ˾ôӣɾͦȤģǰһ㣬˾
Ϊǹָģﱾ԰Ҳ֪жˣֻҲѧӰϲ˵ֲҰ𣿿Ҽǵʱ簡̫ʱôأ˾ʵ֮󣬲ɵýеĿ־嵱˵˳ֻԼ˵˵ŻòǺܿţԼְԼ˵۶ϸƷˣ
û׼пǹأô˵ҪǹֵĻҸղɽϻ͹ôĽӽأһߵͷһ˵ø첲ײһһ΢Цʮһ˵ǲ̫ˣԺ˴ţƤҲһǳñĽǲǣ
ǰȥĺƸ˵˵ǺööĹ־һ𣬻Ǹʰˣһرǵģʮһһ۰֮󣬸Űʿʼֻ⻰ȴһǰ˵ѻǰ㣬ټٲУ˷ֲ˵Ǽٻ滰
λСֵܣ⻰ǧҪ˵Щǲܹ˵ģڹӦԶ֮˾ȴʮһĻŵæҡͷʮһټ˵ȥ
ʮһͰһЦ˾ô֪˵Ĳأʮһ˵ҲȷʵʵǺƵȷǺܶĹ־һɵģҲȷʵǱʮһˣյл֮ڣΪл֮λ֮һ
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ǰ𣿡ʮһ˴Լһӱ˶ֻȴԼʱĻܹڱ𶹶һ˲䣬ӻһ²ˤڵϣҿۼֿ죬һӽסʮһͶˡ
壬ǲǶ̫ˣ嶼ѾˣԺ󶹶ٳһ㣡վʮһǰЩҿʮһ۾С˵
ǵģˣûԱ˾ˣʮһĻ󣬶ӳСԴ˵
𣿡ڴʵʮһͷ֮ʮһ־Ҫߣһקţһ˵ھȥԷ
ðɣҲȷʵһˣһɣʮһ˵ͷŶȥһûôԶֺһսһôһ˵ǸоӶҪˣ
˳ԹѾСʱ֮ˣʮһûֱӻط䣬ԥһºһڵľȥ
ɣʮһոߵһӵľ棬ʹһǲϵ
ʦһˣʮһƿľ˽ȥĽź֮ϵһӱȭ˵
°ɣΪչĺܿһĶʮһһ󣬵ָź΢΢ЦЦ˵
ʦоɻãʮһûзҲûǫ飬һΪƷʦĳǰԼƷʦΪȻһĿȻ
ν벻ãһˣҵͽôҵȻûһһĿʮһϵЦԣ
ʦٿˣȻҾƮˣʮһһӵĻͻȻЩ˼ˡ
ʲôʱߣһźӴЦһ֮ͻȻʵ
ϢߣȻ롣ʮһ˵ʱͻȻЩ֪ô￪ڡ
ҪˮЭΪԼĴӪһʮһǲ֪ô˵ʱ򣬾Ȼֱ˵
Ҳ֪ʮһһӵĻ󣬲ɵЩԾ漴һ뵽Լղſ϶¶ˣһƷʦڽԼֱӸҲֱ˵ˣȷʵôģΪҪչԼŲԺʲôƵ
ҰĲСΪΪһأһӵƽ˿˿ôģ
ҾûԭֻŰȵĶȹһʵӣԽľԼʵ̫ˣҪǿΪ˱Ҫ˻Ϊ˱ģһ׷ɱԼҵ˸ʹ֪ʹһΪٸҲܼʱ򣡡ʮһһӵĻ󣬷ǵûκǫӣͻȻֱӣϴǵ˵
һҡҡͷ
˵ҿڵķˮܲˬɹ𣿡ʮһЦһ£˫ֱһ˵
ˣҵŵĴ˾͸ô־Զ󣡡һӵ˵ͷ˵
־Զأôоſ޼أһӵĻ䣬һӵĻͿƿ˽
϶Ҽҳñ˧ʮһһӾûһôˡ
һʱ䣬һܹ֮ڷˮ紳һԼزҴһҾͻЭύ㣬һһЭᣬڻУڲһЩ⣬ҽҲ᲻ȻڵʱѹסǣһҲˣ¾ͻңһûʮһһӶ˵ܣǽԼ뷨˵˳
ʦģЩҶҼȻЩҪãͲʦ͵Ŷһʱ䣬ܻһЩ˼۵ķˮЭᣡʮһ˵ͷһӻе˼һӵĿģ
ͺãʱЩһӾˣһʮһĻҲο
ңͷС˵һ¾ˣֱȥһԺСӻһܺõİ֣һһӵĻ󣬼æ֣ЩȫԼеȫƸ˿Ļ
ˣȥɣԼСĵ㣬סļ嶼һĵ̵ģ򲻿Сӣһӻ˻־͸϶ˣ
֪ˣȥˣһж֮ٻʮһվһǱһȭȻת׼ˣ
ֻǸոճŲ׵ľ룬֮оʹһӵĻסһ㣬۸˾ͻֻҪһ죬ͻ۸ȥ
һ˲䣬ʮһıЩᣬȻһҪĸо۸˾ͻǵõһϴѧ뿪ҵʱ򣬸׽͵վʱ˵ľ仰۸ͻԶļң


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һ˵ĻȶһţֻҪһ죬ͻ۸ȥֻ仰ŵĻ֮Удŵĸһůĸ飬һֶԼİĸо
ļ죬ʮһÿֻŶȥˣԭֻԼ㶹ģֻǰһҲǸ˹˵ʲôԼĻܱʫʫûϲʵǱһͷˣԾͳû徲һŶˣ
Ҳȷʵÿ쿴ŶΪһԵģһ߶ĵЦŵʱʮһԼкʲôƶûˣһɢСʹһ㣡
һ֮󣬵ʮһ̤ȥǵгʱһȣ߳˰֮⣬һԭǲŻȥģϾУ˶ͬģֻһӶˣ˵Ƕһ˶һһȥҲʱǵתҲԸõ˽ʮһھǵĶ
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˼˵ֵһȥǿܲģʮһ¶һ˿ζЦݣŻʵ
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͵ʮһҲ׼־һʱ򣬶ȴǴһ󼱴ٵСŵĻһϤµŮ㣬ˣ
ʮһͻתͷȥʱĶ֪ô˵ˣãȫǸˣʮһȻг˸˵ͬʱһ˿Ҫܵĳ嶯
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һȥأȴ֪Ϲѩһ־ͽһȥˣվʮһǰʵ
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ġ֪ʮһ֪ôȥ˵㽫ı֮ǰ뿪µĺϹѩһ飬ʱ򣬻ȴһֱվεš
ˣһˣϹѩʮһСʵ
ʲôҲ˵𣿡ʮһϹѩһۣװӡ


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ǲҪȥ𣿿߰ɣϹѩȴǺٺһЦתȥ
һ·˸Էĵط֮󣬻ûܷӦʲôʱʮһϹѩϵôˣǲһͱ˴˲ˬ
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һԲ𣡡ţȻϹѩ˵̧ͷϹѩžƱԼ
ҸʲôΪʲô˵Բ𣿡Ȼ˵ŶԲ𣬿ɻǽԼıӵ˾ƣȻһں˽ȥ
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תߵһᣡʮһסϹѩԴ˵
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ԼǮ𣿡ʮһ뽫ǮóȴͻȻ俴Ű˵
ϴǸ˾һǮģ˵
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԰һץסģǮȻҪˣ

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ˣʵᣬϹѩͻתͷûпʮһٴηʱȴǼй߳ʮһ

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Ÿղ˵ȥһƻǻƮлΧʱлѾƯʮˣȫԼ֮˵Ļǡ
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ʱ˿̣лٴζʮԼ˵Ļǣ

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˵䣬Ѿһ칫ǰʱŰ࣬ҲûҪȥ˼վſںСż˵Ұ칫ңһѾˣ
ôģô˵ģʮһ͸ſİ칫ʵ
Ƕֵҹʱģұֵʱ״ֲ֮ܿҲû˵ʲôС˵ʱɫһЩţʲôֲƵģ
Ҳкö˵ֹˣ˶ڶҲûʲôİ취ˣҾֻ˸ʿץС˵
ץ𣿡Ϲѩ˷ܵʵ
ûأϻСҡҡͷ˵˵ʵ˵ĸйϵ
ô˵Ҳסʵ
֪ǿǵʬ֣Щ쿴Ǻܺ£Сҡҡͷ
ߵʬڷʮһ׷һ䡣
Ҳ֪ѾץĵʿˣǱҲоأҷֻΪȥĻǼҹ˾͸òҼˣСҡҡͷһü˵


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ˣǸʿץʱҲǲжʮһСļ򣬶뿪
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ȥˮֵ·ϻ˵һԼ¥˵Ĺ۵㣬ֻ˭ҲûпʲôҲûٵ£ֻŵȥһ£
ѩ𣿡˳֮վڷˮֵĽֿڣŴƬƬѩϹѩɻʵ
ѩ㶼ʶ𣿡̲ס²۵¸ѩʲôֵģ
ŲʶأֻǺܶûм˶ѣԭѩôϹѩ˰һ֮󣬾ûٴԷ׼ȥӴѩЩ˸е˵
ôȥɣ뿴һѩϹѩ˵
ǺðɣվܣǺܿͳʮһûпϹѩеı仯ΪСֻΪڼѩĵطͻȻ俴ѩһЩѣ
ʮһͰʽˮ֮һҿһ£ʮ֮ǵǰȻһֲڣһӣļͷϷֱдţ֣ˮ֣
˿һ±ߵĽͣˣԭˮ߻һרĽֵԶ˾ֿߣɹˮƷԱһᵢ
ûģʮһ߽ķˮ֣ǽ˷֡
ʱ䲢ûúܾãʮһѾɹƷˣһ·߳ʱ֮еİʲûг֣ĿôôͽأԵʮһʱֻϹѩѾͷվء
ʮһĵϹѩϰԵһϹѩļųЦһ£¸ѩȴϹѩתһ˲䣬סˣΪϹѩȻˣҿ޵ĺµСѲˮ
ôˣ˭۸𣿡ʮһҲ֪ô£һϹѩȻ޵ôˣоȻһҪԷкúñĳ嶯
ʮһأϹѩʮһһ˵ʮһĻдؿʮһһ˲±ˣ־ڰв֪룬Χ·ȫ׷ײĿ²ô£
ôˣ˭۸ˣҴȥ۸һ֮ʮһַŵϹѩĺģСİο˵
û۸ңҾͻȻޣϹѩʮһĻ̧𣬳ҭ˵
޵ױˣʮһĨȥϹѩϵˮЦ˵֪ϹѩΪʲôҪޣǲΪʲôĵ飬ֻǶԷ˵ҲʣҲһβıأ
УĨģϹѩЦŴʮһһȭΪЦˡ
ʮһǰǰһӻ޵ϡﻩŮȴǺûһ㣬ɵһ仰Ů˼£ΪҲ²ĨģΪĳ޹ڿޣ
᲻죿Ͳ˵ױ޻Ҳܺÿ˵ҴȥױƷôİϹѩ˵֮˫ֶʮһžһȭ
ӣʮһоź񶼱ĻˣϹѩͣǴˣһֱסʮһþò˵һ仰ֱʮһڻϹѩǷ˯˵ʱ򣬲ϹѩСƮһ䣬лл㣡
ʮһȻͻһԲĪҲûΪʲôһ󵨵ľֱӱסԷϥǴ󽫶Է˼ϣϹѩľУԷŵһԵ¡
ʲôˣô˶أϹѩδĿʮһֿ˿ܿǵ·ˣСߺ˵
ʲôüˣʮһû˵ֻתϹѩעͣµĻС
ŷأô׼ģȻ˵ҷʣǲ۾ϹϹѩΪʮһ˵ʲôʱȴʮһ˵ԼüˣʱһֻĹһ㣬һӾʮһȭӿˮ
ƢõŮ˵̫˶ǻģֻԲͬˣĳ̶Ȳͬѣʮһ֪ϹѩģһŭΣճ̶ǿǱһֻʬҪΣյģ֪һоԿԺЧתƶԷעһԴﵽйĿģ
ĵ׺òãϹѩһ֮ͣĿʮһʵ


596 ʳ
ãʮһ׼شϹѩ⣬ȴͻȻüͷһ壬˫ۿŷˮֵһת˻ԭϹѩ첽ܽȥ
ʮһһҪɱ㣡ϹѩȴΪʮһ˵׷ʮһ˽ȥ
ˮϵȻܶ࣬ʮһܵٶȻܿ죬ԭҪʮӵʱܵķֲ·ڣֻӾܵˣԥŷǱȥ֮ʮһͣһҷſڣ
󣡡ҵ֣ʮһֻɨһۣ˵վ˵ﾲһΨ۾ͣĴţѰʲôƵģ
ôûأӦİʮһ˫üǲ
ʮһʲôûУʲôﰡҪô˵ҰϹѩ׷˹һʮһļϣߵʵ
֣ʮһһץϹѩԼϵ֣С˵һҡҡͷϹѩûӦôµʱ򣬾ߵȥ
ιߺöıﰡûʲôõĶȻû˿ţ߰ɣϹѩҲ׷ʮһ֮ǰ˵ĲõĻˣ۾ȫӵķ
ٳĻŲҰˣʮһתͷװһݺݵ˵
Ҫ˼ⱲӸˣҾͲ˵ˣ˵ʲôʲôˣϹѩͻȻ˵ֻ첲ǷǳȻĿʮһĸ첲ϡ
ܸˣҾΣգʿѾˣһСĵ㣡ʮһҡҡͷ̵Ľһ䡣
һжģϹѩȻղһ㣬˵
ʮһѾûشϹѩĻˣһһ磬ҴʱҲѾǰ𾪵ˣ
ֻǵǰȻһڳĺľײģںľײĵĺ滹һͬˢźӣϴʱһݵĺƤͷһͷʱͷһ֧ʮ̴ֳ
λҪһʲôɿͷરવĳ̣У˿ϴʱʲô飡
Ҫһˣһƺɫͷӣʮһɫ࣬ǰڴײһĪϤ֮Уȴ벻ǰɿݵͷȻһ㶼͸
˰ˮƷͷģɿͷٶƽϲŭ֣
ʵǸƺɫͷҵĺֵܣ˼֪ĻСӣʮһ˫ֱȭźľײĺŵĸɿߺò˵
ǺǣʮһǰɣзˮЭȵ̽һոһ֮ɱ޵УԼţһһжҽȵļ˰ǺηɿͷͻȻЦʮһһ仰֮󣬾ͿʼԹԵ˵
˭Ҳ붯ֻ֣ҸոͻȻоѵϢʱͱúھȻϢûˣǻ˵ĻҲˣʮһȵĿǰصͷеģͷȻԼ˽ô
ǣ㵽˭ʮһϹѩʱҲǷǳĲˬ
ϹѩүүϹ޳Ǹϼһ˵Ķ𣿡ɿͷϹѩĻּ˵
ߣϹѩıƢǳģɿݵͷǵԼʻҵԼŭˣɿʮһ첲˫֣һ˦һ֧ӦŶԷȥͬʱеĳҲǺݺݵĳ˹ȥֻһӲûжŸɿͷ壬ǶŸɿͷʮֵλã
ϾͷȻȥ˺أһֻǸ֪ϢȴûκιأԼһǾͳˣһһͨͷò˵ϹѩȻȥ֣ȴǺϸĵģ
СѾͷ˵ˣүү˼ҲñϹϾģɿͷ˵ҲôģһץסϹѩıӣƾҪһ˦ȥ
Ҫ˦ȥϹѩ϶ᱻˤȥʮһϸ룬һϼһң
˵ʱʱ죬ʮһδ£˱Ѿ˳ȥֳڵʱѾϹѩԣеķ콣նһâŸɿͷݺݵնȥ
ߣҳû̹Ҫ𾴳𣿡ɿͷһץϹѩ޵һӣʱϹѩʮһײȥһӣʱһεĹʮһǵâϣ
ȻصϼһʮһͿ͸ȴҲӣţ治ҲѪɵģһ̵ϣѵͻ᲻


597 
ʮһڵһ㣬ֱһס˱˦ϹѩֻȴСϹѩ˦ǹɴһȣ岻ɵñһԻȥףֱײһԵĺľײϣ۵һ㿰ȶס
ʮһϹѩڵϣ令˫ǰԾڰરળų̵ĸɿͷзһ˿أԼոһȻûжǶԷֻôһӾͽɢˣֻôһ˦˦ɵϹѩȻײԼȥôԶ
ҲҪǸǷֵأ˲˵ҵֵܵʮһͦñֱŸɿͷ˵
Сӣ㲻Ҫ̫ţ֪˭ǿһӵͽܵϣϷһưȳȥˣɿͷ˵ʮһţֻԼ˵Ļӵţ
һӢһû뵽ȴһûòĵӣϷݺʮأû˸Ҹô˵أȴû뵽һëСӣô˵ӷǳԸ˵ȻȻȴһָļƣ
ӣǸսһȫնɱǸǰϹѩӵĻ󣬺Ǽվʮһ˵
û뵽С޾Ȼ֪Ϸ¼Ϲ޳Ǹϼһ̵ĻҾǣȻ˵ŵĻܲںƵģ֮еĵ⣬ʮһϹѩȴ˳
ҹӻûϽ˵ҵֵŪȥˣȻĻСүƴҲҪ֪ʲôװʮһһз콣˵һ˫ֱӣ
ʮһͷģϹѩʮһĻ󣬼æСĵſʮһĶС˵
Ȼ˵Ĳ֪ߵغҾʦһӽѵһ£֪ʲôʦصƺʮһ׵ļŭˣе̴ǰ㻭Ȧʮһ͵˳ʱһƳɵķʮһ˹
ߣʦѵңҲ䣿ʮһмĺһеķ콣ӭӾʹ˳ȥͬʱиǴһ콣彣ָᣡ
ʮһĻµͬʱССķڶʱɫĺһĽâţХźӴǵɵķϣʱһľըĳ̼ϯ䣬ֻȴ𾪵ǣڵа裬мŵǿںľײģȻûܵһ˿˿Ĳ
ϹѩȻΧİûܵȴû̫ʱȥȣΪѾǰæӻóһŷ䵲ǰ
ֻǶһУս֮еʮһȴǸͲ֣Ҳû˼ȥ⣬ΪʱӴǵѾĽˣҴʱҲѾдӵǰ
ھӲһ׵ʱȴҲ޷ΪڷıƵһ˲䣬е̴ͻȻǰ죬̸˵Ķ˾Ȼһ㵭ĹĻôһɺĹĻȻ˲͵סʮһĽĻ֮ϣȻһǿķת˲ͽʣɫɢֻʣһˣ
СӣǾֻôӣ͸ô𣿡ӿǰһѱʮһĳţֻȻô˵ţȴޱȣԼղŴķģȻֶֻΪҲԲһССƷʦõģ
ƣʮһûӵĳһתеͺһǵʣɫâȻͷһڷ콣ĽϲȦȦ֮ǵɫĽâȻת˲ı֮ǰ׳ʮ֮࣡
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ӾǰʱȴʮһһߺȣžͿǵ׳ʮ֮ɫâٴԼķĻײ˹
ߣɣȻоȣȴǵɫâԼĹĻգۼ䣬Ӿ͸оԼ֧ųķĻܵһɴײͺƱһ󴸴Ƶģ
䣡
һһײĳϹѩﰡһĳûɢأһԼòˣҿԼγ֮ǰҪ˺ܶʮһһһ𣬹ȻǴΣգʱп鷳
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һƲѵӾȵط֣ԼķĻȻʮһһѿƣȻһͱˣһ־һӶˣ


598 ʮһ˼
Ȼûƣʮһ仰ȴʹĺӶˣȻû飬ôĴôѾܳ˺
ҲŭˣǰһӣٵĻһŷģʮһ˹ȻȫѾѳ֩ķĻˣѾʮһļˣ
ʮһȻһƣҲһΣֻ֪ԼҪҲοʮһǳԼöʮһ˫֮к˸ȻҪ棬Ҿ͸һϲ
ָᣬᣡʮһһֳʽָ״ٵĻһӡֱӵ˷콣Ľ֮ϣʱΪĻײٴɢɫâȻһ翪ʼʱһĶһ㣬ȻٴǷĻ˹ȥ
ӿʮһȻǿҪܾˣɵЦһŷĻתһȦǵĻȻգ֮ͱٴ֮ǰһ㣬ԭĺ֩Ƶ״̬Ȼٴڣ
ֻһӣӾ;۾ɵϴ󣬷·𿴵˹һ㣬Ǳȼ³ԾΪǱӵһϸСɫâȻȫԼķĻ
ԾԾӱϾһʦϣջ˷ĻһֱӭЩŰɫâ
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һ֮ʮһӺݺݵˤ˳ȥأһѪ˳ȥڰеʱʮһƵţԼôĵڶٴα˼ҴˣǵڶٴΣ˼ҴѪˣ
ʮһû°ɣոˤڵϵʮһûȷӦأ͸оԼ˱˻룬֪ϹѩɣΪֻϹѩһˣΪϹѩĹΪϤ
û£ʮһûҶ˵æϹѩĲǿվָԼˮȻ֮һжҽ׼ʱ̶ȥ
ɢȥ֮󣬵ϹѩӵʱڳԾԸеСţһԼŵӡ
෴ǣʮһǰӣȴǾȻûбֳԾı飡
ֻڵӣȻǸ֮ǰһŸǹϣֻֻǹ֣ڴʱȴһֱĲŲֻͣ첲Ǳ鲣ƵģĿĵȫһ˿ڣһڲϵѪȥȻе
ǰֵ֪ʮһǰȾַŭӣȻƸղǿӲ̬ȣ˫ֱȭʵ
㲻Ҫƴ𣿡Ϲѩɻʵ
ʲôЦǰľ֣ʲô˼ƴǿǸʦһһʱڵ뵱꣬Ǻʦһӹͬնɱ孹ǿߣʮһЦЦĿбӵĿ˵
Ȼ֪ңҸҴ򣿡ӽʮһֱϷȻʮһϹѩ;ȵķ֣ЩԭĿĵһ˿ڣȻȫʧˣͺδֹһ㣡
ΪСδʹղһԣʮһĻشȻʵȴϹѩӶߣ
˼˵УͲҴ㣿ʮһĻش֮ߵͬʱȻôһͣ䣬м֪Լ˭֮󣬸Լ֣οһĺ󱳣ȻԼУ
£Ȼ£ǵǰ˵ʶʦʱҾͲˣΪǰ㲻ںҲҪչʦĸܣҪ֪ʦɾֻôһͽܣˣ˼һᱩߵģʮǺһЦĽԼĴ˵˳ֻôһ˵˾ˣȫ޿ְ
СӣѾöû˸ˣΪʲôҪ˵أֻΪʽˣӵ˵
ȻǣΪˣٴȥֻ˵ĸأһбǰһСĴĿܣʮһشÿһ仰ԵϹѩһŵĳ嶯
ԭģĻش֮ϷͻȻ㣬ǸֵˣڱһΣҿ˻㣡ͻȻЦϵϴһ˿ЦĿʮһ˵
ǰ͸ʮһɣͿүүһǰϣˣϹѩȻʮһǷ⣬ҲֻԼȥ⣬ԴʱӵĻ֮󣬻Сʮһ˵Ӿʲôʵ֪ȴүү˵˵ӴĻܣ


599 ʬ
ԼүүʵϹѩǺĵģһүү򲻹ˣҪѵʮһͼôܲأ
˭ӶʹСӵƻָô죬ΪϹҵ洫庮ǰɣû뵽Ϲ޳ϼһﾹȻǵȱﶼ͸ˣ㻹ⱦ͸Сӣϡ氡ӵһϹѩ˵
ӵĻ֮ʮһ±ˣΪӲϸϹѩүүһӵӣΪ˵ĹϹѩԼö飬洫ﰡϹѩô͸ԼȶԼô
ôŭ𣿿ղʹѸ֣ʲôʽҲԣб۾üëаӣ
ôʦصĹԺôǰأҵǸֵܣǰǲ˺ģǰȻ˵Ҫһ컯ллǰˣʮһ¶һ޺Цݣеķ콣жҽѾ
ǿϧԭһϢģװģ̾˿˵
ˣǰߵĻȻԸԸĻ͸ˣʮһŲӵĵأ
ѵںľײĲȤ𣿲ڹײĺ𣿡ӿתҪߵʮһҲżֻǵ˵һ䣡
ֻô򵥵һ仰ʮһԭǼҪ뿪ȴǶҡˣɵתӣֿ˼ۺľײ֮ͻȻԺк˴һǹƵģˣΪλʶĸоⲻ֮ǰƽмֻľײһģһС񶼲̫࣡
ȻˣʮһҲ˵ֻôվţ˫۽ӣȲ뿪Ҳ˵ҲĿתľĿʮһ˾˭Ҳ˵˭Ҳ㿴ңҿ㣬һ׼ʮһһ뿪Ϲѩˣ
Ϲѩú񶼿ȥһˣʮһӻǲ˵ҲϹѩǣǲҪóֻӾʱȴǷʮһͻȻˣ
ֻʮһľһתϹѩ־ȥ
һֱ߳ˮ֣֮ǰѩĵطʱ򣬶˲ͣ
ôôżߣϹѩͣʮһʵ
֪鶼֪ˣȻҪˣôôʮһϹѩ֣ϹѩһϹѩĶͷ
űأңϹѩ˵ȻͻȻסˣʮһȻôĳ磬ֲϰߵĸо
ӣϹѩŴ۾ʮһʵ
洫嶼͸ˣܲװû֪ɣʮһЦЦĿϹѩϹѩоԼĶҪڻˣԾѩҲоһ䣡
㲻ΪģǲҪģϹѩҡҡͷԴһ˵Ŀʮһ˵
ˣֻΪ廹ѣΪǿţ壬ҾʮһɿϹѩֺתǰȥ
ϹѩʮһĻ󣬲ɵסˣ仰ʲô˼øӣһ֮ǰʮһĽкһ·СŸȥ
Ĳܰ𣿡˳֮ϹѩСʵ
Ǽһһ¶ûУֻǱӵȵĵطȥˣ˵ټʱʵҸأʮһƳһǰרĿ˾Էû͵СĻش
һ·ãҲʮһķڵǴøһ͵꣬ΪϹѩ˵ͻȻԣԾˣ
ʳʱʮһɵڷڣӸ˵Ĺںľײĵ飬ڵĹײ֮ǰƽǿڹײȻ񣬵ȴǲͬһ˵ģĺľײ֪һڣÿһڹײ֮жӡһʬ޽ӽʬʵ֣
ڹײ֮зӡŵʬڶѾҪƷӡļˣʮһƽǸѾϾҪƷӡˣҲȻͻƷӡģ֮Ի֪ʮһǸһΪǸʬʮһ˼Ǻţ˳
Һõǣ֮ǰܵǸʬҪƷӡļѸ˹ȥӹһ·ӡ
Ҫּ֪ʬһ˷ӡǾ;һ鷳
ԭڹײǽǿ߿ŵģǲ֮ǰƽпŵǸǿ߾ȻȥˣǺܶ˺þãҲûҵǸȥǿߵʬ壬ΪҪǣǿܵĺľײҲͬʱʧˣƾѰҲûκ


600 ҹٹ¥
ҺõǣǰǸʬҪƷӡʱǸоˣŻѰŸӦȥٴηӡ
ҲڹڵƷʦߣʵƷʦǿ߻мģû洫ֻô٣ֻΪԵ˵ģڵ˭Ӳû˵ֻǸĿǰʵǲ֪ĺã
ʣҲȷʵϹѩ֮ǰھӵſڵʱ򣬱ӸӦˣ֮˼֮ӾͿˣʰǷҪøǿڰʻشһ֮󣬾ͿһССĴţȻʾͱ͵һӿеõģһĵطȥˣ
˳˶ʱѾСʱ֮ˣʮһû뵽ֻȺƵ£Ȼ㶫ԳСʱʮһľԼˣ
һᣬòʱ䰾ʮӵʱ򣬿ʱˣ˾źȥ뿴һǸСеץʦôץģ뿴һԼжϵǲǶԵģԼ˶ûиойֵİ
֮ʮһ֮ǰС֤ͨһ£ʹϹѩһŵȥʮ¥Ŵ򿪵һ˲䣬ʮһϹѩǸܵһǵضĺϢ·ڱ֮һ㣡
ʮһӷ콣óһԼ׸ϹѩˣŰС˵Ǽ칫ȥ칫ҵĴǰȻŵƹ⣬˾ȵǣȻֹһˣȻ֮࣡
֮һǻʶǾС
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ⲻΪԭֻҲǸŮԼӰģȻǺԸµΪǸĳʿ˵ҪйֶҺѶԸĻҪȸǮſ԰æץСЩӣһ߽ţһָߵһһŮʮһ˵
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뵹Ҳ⣬СƫŮԵԸ񣬶Ҷڳĺܶ˵ҹڲŸոտʼ˭е¶᲻ģмʮһûȥһҹأ

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߽һЩ֮󣬲ǿԿ˵ģһͷһݰ׵ʮкֻǾȵǣλ߾ȻһϴĶѾɫĻҰɫֱۣϹһ⿴ͻһʿߴòȥ϶ʮˣһ˫۾ȴǾɫ˿䣬ͷϱһͷҲֻǵļͷѣ
λԵ꣬Ҳһ磬һϮֻۣǿȥûôöѣҲûŷϱһ˫һѴŽʵĽ˿һ߰Ŀˡ
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ҵͬ£˵ⱲҲûʲôӣԾһҪǴʦģԲӰ쵽ץģСʮһ˵õģ߸˴ʦ
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601 רҵҵ
ʮһƵĻ֮ȴǷֹţôԼ𣿶ôоһ˵⻰˶Ǻأɵ˫üһ˫ӽضƵӣ
һ֮ʮһԱһĿڿԼɵתͷȥǸݰ׵ʱڶԼɵЦһ£ԷȴǸԼֱŤͷȥƵǰȥ
ҲǷԼһֱƵСӲ˰ɣʮһţͬʱҲĥͨƵʲô֮ʿҲͬûпǷƭӰȥͨӣֻݲ
ҲԼΪɣԴ֪ţ˺֮ܶʮһͰԼŵԵһЩһСĵһţأȻԼ£ǳⶫԽԽð
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ǱҶƵʮһϹѩԸһ䣬ӱһͬɫİ֮óһ̣СĵĽϵˣ
Ƶֱ̣Ϲŷֳʽָ״Ź״֮ϣȻͻŲǰȥ칫ҴԼڶƽңǲ󣬴ԼиʮŰ칫ӣ
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˵䣬ƵѾ߳ȥ׵ľˣֻƵÿһСģŰǽ߹ȥִһ߻˷Сʱ֮󣬲ǽҲͶƽķ꣬صƵüͷҲ˵һ仰
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֪һЩţĵʿǲǮͿõİûǸԷһ涼İƵһλѽܵأ˵Ҳģ
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ǺðɣҾ͵һˣֻǿܻΣգȫվһҸǻȦӣֻҪ־;Բ˺ǣƵǳΪѵ˵վһ
飬飬̫ʦ飬ƣַʦ֮ȫ磡Ƶһֹţһߴ֮ǰó̵ĻҰװץһСѰɫĿ״ĶȻΧһţһ߲ͣš


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˾ͿƵתƿֱƿϣЦǺǵĿС˵ǸѾҸˣԺҲǲɱˣ
󣬴ʦѾֻշˣСЩŵʵ
ʲôѵʦƭ㲻ɣŵĻԼƵʱŭˣָеСƿ˵װŵľֻɱ˵Ķ
ôʲôҲûпأСĿƵѹСƿֺĲ˲۾ʵ
ΪˣǲܿõģƵŵĿһСˣǳ˵
ǣȻƵ˵ץǾͺˣСͷ˵
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ˣѵûƵװ𣿡ʮһһ㶼ûڳİƵڵȫеģ
Ƶʮһŵ˵
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Ŷ֪ϰôƺݰ׵ӦһԼֺ󣬿ʮһѯʵ
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603 ҹ벻
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ʵ벻ͨҲ벻ףС˵ͬ£Ȼϰ壿Ǹ˵Ļɫͷӻͦӣ
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һźڿʱ򣬻һμһŵأҪ֪Ǹɲһ˵ĸԱȵģ
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ȻúڹѪңƵƿһ˲ҪܣȴʱͲæ֮һֱֻڵһ£ȴڵڹѪֱۣһ˲ðŨŨỊ̇ʱһɸĶζ˳
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صƵ˯һڶʱѾǽӽˣʮһϴһ£Ϲѩ绰椾Ȼ˯أɵЩֻԼڴŵһᣬԼһСʱҵӣϹѩʰ׵ˣ
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ʶô£Ҳ԰ţˣʶҲûпܣʮһʵָ񾭲ƵģԼشԼ⡣
һ᲻۸ңϹѩûлشʮһٴС˵һ䣬˾Ͷ˵ˣ
¥ǾһĴƵ֮꣬Ǻܶ˶֪ģ֮Խ¥Ϊϰҵģ˵ҵϰҵһ峤Ķһ½ţضҪȻһϹҲֲٵĴ壡
ȻˣЩʮһǲ֪ģֻ֪Ǯţ棬ԼԺ뷢չԼţܻһܴоʲô¥ľƵ꣬װ޵ĸƵģ̻Ի͵ģҾȻǶŽߵġ
Ϊ۵ǣƵһ¥м䣬ŵλãȻһҶһĽŭ˲ֱӣֻʮһȴǲֱˣſϰأ˼ĵ˵ͷСֹţԭˣ
˵ʲôĪģϹѩʮһԲʵ
˵ƯԸ⻭˸ױʮһڷһ䣬ȻһѾȺʱķԱ˵ͷ鷳ǹȥɣ
õģƷŮԱòЦţǰ·
ܿ죬ڷԱĴ£˰¥һ䣬Աŵģ˵һֳ֮ʮһЦһ¾ˣʮһԿ϶ղŮԱֻԼԵĴһ£Էͻ


606 
һ۰ϵı888ʮһбһ£ҾͲһ¥ôİʮ˸䣬Ŷ룡
ǲ˼·ʮһ֮һȦһˣмŵľݰ׵ļһԱŵһȹŮλŮŵױһ˫۾ƺڱʯƵģµͣͦıӣԿԳƵһɫŮһͷʮһҪ̵ͷԵüȸҰԣ
ֻвǣŮʵ̫ˣͬʮһӴŮУӽ̨£
һھűȽϽλãһλʿһλźУϹһ˿Ц⣬ֻĨЦ⣬ڿץԼ첲һϹѩʱ򣬲
ͺã⽻ͨҲʵǹõģʮһ֮󣬼æվƹ˹ʮһԼԱλϣ
ѩôҲˣôǲǰ֪ͨһأʮһո£ͿϹѩھſڽסˣԷ񻹺Ϥӣ
ģǸһģϹѩԾĿһǱѾʮһһ˿Цݶǰ˵
ŶѰҪҲλأһ𣿡ӹعͷʮһ˵
ˣʽһ£æЦվָһʻ˵ĸ磬ҶĶӣɣ
ĵЦţָһԵŮ˵ҵĽ㣬ͬͬĸ׽㣬
λҽģʮһָֽԵʮһɺܵ
λãʮһʮһòԵЦ˵
Ŷʮһû˵ɷǳŵ˵һӶ
Ǿԣֱʮһ뷨ûУԾԹԵСڵĺžƣ·һ鶼޹Ƶģ
ɸ磬ĿˣЦˣɵļ֮ǲ˵ʮһ˵⣬ҽƽ˭ǰģǸĸܺ˵仰ģ
仰Ȼ̣ʮһڵľ飬ǿжϳɵĹϵǺܺãȻĻϵڵжԷɸ磬ֱӽĸͺ˰
ϵҪõĺֻܶ࣬Ҳ̫Լ˰ɣĸû˵仰Ҳ°Լһ䵭
ʮһ뵽͸ܵһɱһĿֱתͷȥȴǾȵķǴﴫģ
һ£ʮһˣʲô˼ԼûееҲֻһ¶Ѱҿɣѵ椻ɣ뵽ʮһͷϵ亹ˣ
Һʱ򣬴Ҷһһţֻ˵Ҳֻ˶ѣһֱںϹѩ˵Ϲѩȥͦ˵ӣȴںʮһţ˭Ҳû˵ڽĿģĵĶһЩ飬ϲĶ
Ψû˵ľˣ˸ղʮһͶҪɱ˵Ŀ֮󣬾ٴλָһ˺ȾƵӣ
һ֮ʮһͻȻкܲζϹѩѾͷôģԼԱҲˣȻɵļһĵôģǰôĵĴ绯ױ϶ǰйϵ
˵䣬ʽƷѾһһˣҲû̫ĿӦͳʮһǷ֣ǸɵļһﾹȻϵڸϹѩвˣҾȻϹѩϺԣʮһϴĲˬ
ǡʱҪƺȣ˾һһĺֻʮһˬ鲻ˬȴڣԲûȥҪƺȣǺˣྴƶѣϾԼνҪӣҪţһأܲΪĨڰɣ
ƹѲ˹ζóԵҲˣúȵҲˣ̸µʱҲ͵ˣֻ׼ѽʮһĿ˵ʱȴһ˵ˣ
ǰɣѩ˵ʱǴģ׼ʱƵģͻȻʮһ˵
ǰʲô𣿡ʮһԼĿʲôأǲҲǸӢһԼŶȨʱȴͻȻʻɵɻʵ
ⲻ֮ɾʹȥˣѩĴŮټ֮ѩ߹ݣô⳵ôûƷλĳأװǳԾ˵Ǹոһ㣬һĶͷװ˼˵ǲ˼˾ֱӣһСľ˵˳


607 ɱС
ûû£ֵ˼ϹСӦʲôأ˵ʲôӲϹСأʮһЦЦһ߰еϺһ߶˵ֻ۾ȴǲϹѩһۡ
ѩݺòεҲӦǷȻĻôһŮҲʵеίˣΪѩŮδķһҪһ콾ſϣɲֹ񣬼˵ţֻ˭ĻóЩ˵ʮһģ֮˶ʮһıӺͲмǰзʮһ䲻Ϲѩ
ɸ磬ȶˣҿ㻹Ȼȥɣֹʮһһȭ˵ǶԲ𣬷ɸȶˣСǸˣ
үˣұһ£˵ʲôôأǮһ˺þõأҶˣʮһЦЦô˵̬ǿԵģ
˹֪֮ʲô˶һģ¾ôӹܳΪʮһĻ֮󣬸ˣ˵ǴϳһѩѣһҪݸʮһæЦ˵𣿡
ɸ磬㹻ˣ֮ǰĻǲܵģλȥһٴοүүȡģҵͲܣҲûʸܣδʮһ˵Ϲѩסˣվɴĺ֮ŭ죡
ѩôô˵أҶĸ֪İοҲӦ֪Ļ²ҾͿģүүүүһģǵĻû˸ҷԵģɺǼĿϹѩ֮оȻһ˿˵
ܣҵ¸ûأһ˵үүģҪǲӦҾɱϹѩŸСӣǿ˵Խɣʮһһץסʮһֱ˵Ϊϲˣ
ҪˣûǮûûҺпܻһֻܿ⳵ˣʮһȻܾǻ߾ͱˣ
ȥƴ׬ǮϹѩݺݵĵʮһһۣһﶼʲôʱˣȻôԼ˵ת뵽ʮһǳԴˣɵһС⣡
ѩΪһǱһôȶѣȶң˵㲻ʲôһǸ϶ʲôͻ˼ˣǸϼһһˣҪֻǷַӶָѣߵָʮһ˵Ļŵ˼㣬֮жԵǲмһˣһӸûһ˿ص˼
˵ʲôδϹѩشʮһаǺõϺιϹѩ֮˫֮зһ˿˿ɱ⣬۶ʵ
˵ʦһϼһҲһַһǸ϶֮ǵŸƨǣʮһĻ󣬴ŭţ֮иǵǷ
ǧ͵ǸСһӣɵĻµʱ򣬾ͼæסʮһ˫֣Ϊܵ˴ʮһɢɱһʵʵɱת˵ɸ磬ҪҵѵǸȻĻһϱүү˼ҵģ
ȷڸ˵סһ˲䣬ߵĶʵ
ǵģɸ粻Ǹһ˵Ӳǳ˵
Բ𣡡ɼҧмô֣ʮһ˵ǻڵģǹҪҷֵǰɣʮһ֪ʲôв࣬ºͽ֮Ĳ࣡
һݻ֮ɺ޺޵תˤŶȥ
лӣСлˣ뿪֮󣬳ĺһʮһ˵
үѵϣҰɱʮһĻشܼ̣ȴһ˲佫ڳүϹѩһֱԹԵĺžƵסˣ
룬ڻʱ򣬸οҪɱĻСԼͿˣʮһ˫ۿ˰Σ˵ԼеʵΪ֪ʮһ̽أɱǲɱͲҪҪʵΪʮһҪľһ̬ȣ
ĻϹѩǳ׵סˣû뵽ݰ׵оȻôģһż˵ֱ˵˳
ү̸°ɣʮһĻ֮ǣһĨĪЦݺŶԷ˵
ˣѵ㻹˽𣿡ϹѩɵɵĿʮһȫˣҲûʲô˼ǾͲǸˣĵĶʮһС˵


608 һ鲼
ʮһûлشϹѩĻֻϹѩС֣󾲾ĿȴҪ˵Ļ
ʵΪСҪһ£˼һ֮˵ڹʲôƵģվʮһ˵ǽķ˵Σ
ʮһ˳ֿȥһԾȻһţипôǮ˾ǲһ
ϹѩУʮһ˽ĸ䣡
үлֱ˵ɣʮһһ·ү˵
ֲҪүүĽˣĻͽɣЦһ£˵ʵСҪȨֻڼи涼׼ţȻܹǿȴֻԱѣ
ҪˣΪʲô㣿ʵҪΪҿķչǱΪԶԣһǰ͵ҶȨһ죬ܶӲʲôˣΪүүʱ֮ǲģүүֻҪڣûһ˸ҶȨԵȵһʱֻİҵˣ
ңʵСȻ־Զκ̫ᣬкܶԼЩǺܿңǵУĸ綼ҪҸʤ㣬ʹڵĸսκһԣĿǰַ֧ǱȽƵģ
Ȼ˵ҵĸҲڼİҷչЩԾǲһȴ˭Ҳ֪ģҵĸ׶֪
˵ʱ򣬶һ£ʮһ˫˵Ǿڵһ֧ˣÿһʿ˵ÿһ˶ǻһЩ֮ˣȻֻʮˣȴǸƣ
ЩΪʲôģŲÿ˶ôģʮһɫʵϿһ˿һı仯
˵ЦˣʵҺҽʦŬΪȡģֻǲҹΪһͳһ֣֯ȨΪһж飡ڹҵģɫ˵
ʦʮһǸʲô֯ȻܸȤǶеǸʦȤһʲô˲ǸȨ
ǵģɵǣʦ˼һжĸ鳤Ծͽ֯ҹʲô¶ҴȥִУ˵ͷ˵
ôһ˻ȨʮһЩŵʵ
ȻڻԣԺһԵģΪеʦѡģҲһһ͸ģ
ֻôĻ⣬ľͷȫңʮһ۾ʵ
ʦң˵һԶţֻҪӦ˱˾;Իﵽ׵ˣ˵ʲôѾ㣬ǰһֻĹҪѣһҲȫʮһ
ʦƺ˽ҵӰʮһеʦӺˣ˾ȻԼôϤԼԸ񶼸͸ˣ֪ԼΪѿԲһУ
ʮһֻЦЦ˵ɵٴʵôҲ˵֮ǰ˵ЩͷԵĻȫʦˣ
˵ЦˣСȻΪʦĻô֣ҶľĵģΪֽƾһ֮͸ԼֵΪ֮жһǰɱҸ̾΢΢һЦ̸ֹ֮ʮ㣬ȴҲʮһ
ƨˣֻһ¶ѣȻļҪʲôµĻܰͻᾡȥɣϻҪأʮһŲأ˵Ҫȥ
ֵһ£֪ɲԴҽһ𣿡æסʮһҪȥŵֱۣż˵
ʲô˼ѵҪ˼ɫңҿɲôöԸˣ˵ҿɲңһûأʮһŵòſ£˵
ˣ⻰ҪǱҽһɱҵģҲᵹùģʮһĻ֮ŵüæסʮһ죬СĵĽĶһᣬûʲô춯֮ɿʮһ죬ĺһ
ֻΪڴƿ״̬Ҫͻֻ֮䲻ϵǻʦ߽㣬Ҫÿ춼ǻ֮䣬õİ취Ǹ㣬Ϊ޵ģ˵仰ʱСĵĿһʮһʮһС
Ҳԣҵ߾ûͣôĶһһʮһϵĲûип˵ֻʮһʵʲôҲǷˮʦ


609 
ǣǾʲôҲֻ֪ʦ˵ȻǷˮʦҲк֮ܶ˼˵򷨹һʲôһģҡҡͷȻԼ֪鶼˵˳
Ļʮһȴסˣһ˺þã򷨹һʲôһģ
ô֣ŷʮһɵòʵ
ûôʦ˵Ķԣʮһҡҡͷļת˳ȥ
ʮһ˵ʲôˣȻұңǲǾ㳤ˣھͲҴˣ˸ոճϹѩһԴϣŭ
ѩ㣬ְֻҶѣ̫ˣ㶼ôˣͱٴˣָոտ˵ϲŮ˵ģŵһӶ㵽ʮһ󣬻ŵ˵
ϲϲƨ£㲻Ǻ컹װʶҵǰɣϹѩǿ˭ҲŰ˵׼׷ȥһ٣
ѩɾԩ˰챾кģҿ㱧ֵĸ첲벻ϵӣҲûкģæԼ˵ͬʱһֱʮһţ
ʮһŲôأǵС˼úܣȻϿܹԣһ뷨أһ䲻еĳȣԼʮ߰ʱ򣬻Ϸء˭ԼʱûŮأ
Ϲѩ˼Ϲѩ޷ǾǲԼѣԶϹѩҪŲȥأһŭϹѩٷԼһǶඪ
Ҫһȥʮһ֮ʵ
ţһʮһѵõľȻشȻֻж̶̵һ֣
ǺãʲôΣջѲҾͲˣȫˣʮһǿĵĶ˵ܲ˭Ըȥ򰡣ô۵ģ
ãһôϧĻش
һҪӦң£ΪҪңӦ֪òǿ϶Ǻܶ˵ģǺֵܹԲܳˣǿҲΪͨսͻƿȥǣʮһеĻһȫ˵˳Ϊʵǵİǿ͸Լţĺڽ𿨣ԼҲô
Ǳ˵Ǳˣ߰Լ̲סĶԲòܷȫһ¶ԷʮһɲԼ޵ĻϣӸĳֵԼԻÿ춼һȺ׷ɱ
ҾеľƱתͷʮһ˰죬ŵ˵ͷ˵֣
ǺãʮеĳҪȥһ˾УһҵѣʮһҲ֪ܸԼ˵ѾܲˣҲǿʲôԼİ˵һ£˵ҪҪ׼ʲôȥ׼һ£ŵʮڳվ棬ڻĸСʱ
ˣʮһһĻֻǻظ֣ˣ
Ե뿪ʱʮһˣǱȴֻһˣ
ԭʮһҪȥųƱģȻǵ֮ĳκܶ࣬˻ǲһеģֻȴóһʲô֤˿ʮһҲûף
ϹѩĵĸſǿģǻǷɻʮһ֮װĵ˵ͷȴѾƮֻҲô̫ƽˣǮʲôȨʮһеһγ𸻳ˣ
Сʱʱܿ͹ȥˣϳ֮󣬳񳤸һ̣갡ϲѾûλˣ˵ˣô˵õأʮһںܶΪûƱվأ
ǲǺﰡҪȻҰ㰡ϹѩȻʮһϱı仯ſʮһĶС˵
ңСҴ㣡ʮһһϹѩߵ˵
ܶǮŶϹѩͲںʮһװߵӣС˵
ǵӴǰɣŲҵ˵ƨƨʮһЦſϹѩ
ˣվ˽ңϹѩ޺޵İʮһһۣȻͱ۾ͷʮһļСķԸ֮Ͳ˵ˣ
ʮһϹѩСԴ֪ϹѩڵԼԼΪûԼǸ֮лԼ飬ֻԼûм֮е㲻ģֻΪԼԺ·ôߣ


610 
֮ͨʮһ֪˺ܶǰ֪ģԭΪƷʦţˣžûҲ䵽ܶ˶Ҫ۸ĵزڿԼˣкܶǿߣںܶ˵ԼʵиͲֵһᣬҶڵţǻһڳŵĻҲͱˣ
Ҫǣһһһ˵Ļôµ˵ڶ죬žͻᱻ׵ĨɱлҲ϶⵽ʱԼʲôȥл죬ʲôȥţŷأ
ʮһŰ˯ϹѩԼڻ˵ЦԺȻƣ˯ֵˣʮһ˼ãԼڵʵ뱣סһеĻôҲֻƴʵˣֻʵ˵أ
ŵʱͻȻʮһԺһûǴĻǵھһַǿʵģַֻһı׶ˣΪмδ˳ɹַҲһ֮еõģ
ļأʱԪ谻δƵۣǴһȥӭԪֻȻԼ֪ⷽʶıȫУΪصһɽʣҲˣֻάʱ䣡
ؼʱ̣óŹǮһԣ˵Ǿһ֣֮ʱ˶ΪαˣȴǺܿģֻҪһ˿ϣ˵пܴȥҪ֪ǲһɲģڿľܲץסһĻᣡ
ǲһʿȥɽѲ飬һǷʲôɽ뿪·˵򲻸ˣȻҵһ뿪·˳ҹɫ˵ʱȴͻȻӦһ˿ٻһֶĺٻ˵д֮ʿָӦģ
ԣԪ󱻴˵ʱ͵͵ĻصɽУһݣҵһĹڣھеļأĹʲôûУֻôһڹײģײֻ֮һžΪ꣡
Ȿֻ˵ܹΪʲԣھΪΣ˭Ҳ֪ʮһ뵽ľΪĹⱾ֮˵ʵҪԭΪʹ˷ѳһ꣡
ԲܱӰȵҲһʵʱں϶ΪһĻô߱ʵͻһ̨ף
ͬʱҲ˵ˣƻΪǴӱϷѳģôԸƢ԰õȶһԭһҲпʱ򣬻ų⣬кܶ˻Ĵ֮ʿĹͷʧˣòɱǸڵһԼ
ֻǿһ۾͹ϵطˣڹڻдһ䣬˹ǿ߲
ʮһҲΪ仰žоһ»ģǿʮһһŵģȻ֪Լʲô̶ȣȴС˵ھתɾͦģָĿǰ֮⣬һǳΪһĴܣ
ʮһһ뵽ȥˣһۿԼѾ˯˵ϹѩЦһºٴα۾˵֮Ķ꣡
һΪʼΪ꣡
ǻ꿪ƪһ仰ʮһ֮ƶǶĸо˵ƿذ
ж֮ѾǹȥСʱˣʮһ˫ͷѾܲ˺ܶĺˣ
Ϊ⻯Ĺжô£ΪʮһһжʱһСϸڵ֮ţԲŻ
Ҫ˵⻯Ĺѣʮһúܼ򵥣ֻһطԼ֮ǿзѳһѣȻ˵һЩʹʮһںӺ󶹸ʹ඼ܵĻǻôԼҪģ
ѵõطڣܺõĿƷѳȥǸгɵʱ򣬻ԼǵԼԼһʶˣɾ鷳ˣȻмأߺҲǾͻһֱȥֻҪʱͿԣ˵˵ҲһѴοͷĲأ
ʲôأʮһͷˣԹҪСûбĨĻһǿ϶а취ģȫƵʱſڶ˯Ĩϵʱ򣬶ߴһѯʡ
˵һҪôԶļǵԼԼ±ɾҲǵõ֣ʮһѿڶ֮еˣԼôовأСǸ˯ѣԼڻԺأ


611 
ôͻȻôֵ⣿ѵҪʧ𣿡Ϲѩ۾ʵĿʮһȻ󲻵ʮһش𣬱ֽͷʮһļ˵Ҳ֪ôԼǵԼ֪һԼԼϲһֱһ۱жһĿ걣ֲ䣡
ϹѩĻش֮ʮһඥһ㣬˲͸Լ뵽һֿܣֿԽԽпܳɹ
дʮһмᶨԼĿֻ꣬Żˣ
³֮ʮһϹѩڳվſڵһᣬȻվʱ򣬷ӺͺӣԼٻѾڵԼˣٻ߻һ˧ʵӣ
ϴڻˣˣһô֣ʮһ֮һӾݺݵĽʮһ˻УһһѵĿš
ʲôƵģϴⲻ𣿡ӵƨɾһţ۾֮ҲǷỨĿʮһ
ߣȾȥʮһЦ˵Ȼӳ¹Ĺس֮Ѿһ绰ˣǼ֮ЩдϾֵͬܣһǴûкͬͬסĺֵܣ
ôѣͲʮһ𣿡ʮһһҪǰֲǰٻ΢΢һЦ֪Էڹ˼Ļƶ˼ȴȤ˵
ʮһ磬ٻ㣡ԭЩ˼ٻʮһĻֱ˵ʮһĻдĿ
ⲻǻٲĻСѿɾҪԴˣһһٿô죿ʮһЦ˵
ߣңٻȻô˵ţĨһᣬһӶʮһ˵ʮһ磬ѣ
ãһ֣ʮһ͸ӻк˴Ц
˭Ҳ֪ЦʲôֻˣԭȻЦ֣Ǻ֣
ϴ󣬲һλŮдɩ𣿡Ц֮󣬼Ķʮһ˵
ҵѣͲ֪ˣʮһһ֮ŵ˵
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һȥҲˣҲˣϹѩæ˵BOSS
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˸֮ʮһվڷУϵĵߣĺһȻ˾Ͳڣ
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612 
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飡
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ʮһڻƮһεӰӰߣݣԼıʮһһģһǸճһ㣡
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һҹ֮зˮЭᣬԭźúõ㶹ģȴ뵽ջһӾҵ˵һҪҪ¹صŵ
ʮһõȴǣȥһУ˵ǴǵȥμӸۻᣬΪһҹ˾˵飬ǡɵǼҹ˾ϰǮǸϰеЭᷢ˸ϢֻҪ˭ܰˣôǧֽĽ
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ôϻʦȥģһҪЭأʦֻ˵ˣȻԼһսҪչԼʵһһûᣡһӵʮһһۣһӵĻȫת
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ʮһֱӸˣôأǸʲô˼أ
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һʮһʱһӾͷӦ˹æɿ֣ͿһֻѾ̧ƣԼӦʱҲǸоԼĺ亹ֱ
ԼӦ찡ҪһԼھˣԼűɻ׵ĸ߸ߵأ
ǲһ̫ˣ˵ҲǺİ㲻֪Ů˰̫ãʮһεЦţһ˵һСĽķţԷͻȻ֣
åֻǻ־ͲٴʮһˣʮһԷҲͲǶԷˣҵǣʱûãСʱ֮󣬶˾˸µĵַ
³֮ǰӣССɻһ£֣ôģСүΪһֵأȻû뵽ôһ¥ⲻǿЦ
һҪҰĿģʮһüͷһӣһȥһСĸ˵û취Լ״̬ҪǸж򲻹ĻԼȥҲǸڻҵȻ֪ʲôʵǾͿ֮ǰԼһžͿԿóսԲȸ
ʮһ߽¥֮󣬻һܣټһ¥ȻӰûУ֪϶ˣ


617 ʵ
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ĻʹֵܸϽҪȺ֮һӳ󣬴󵽵ͷżһͺͷĴӣһ֧ѩѣָŸеŵ˵
⿪ɽ̫ˣҪǲǰ೤ķӵĵСү͸ƴԱߵһ˵
ƾҪΪʦ˵һǰˮʦͰȫϵˣ⿪ɽŵĴˣָŸУϾѱ
ޣӣԼ̫ţˣΪǸһжţǰɣɱҰ೤ӺСǿˣһɱģг⿪ɽһĭߵ˵
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һʿѣСүȻ򲻹ǵϴˣַŪǣзǳ߰Ժ˵
ϴ󣿾ˣҲܴȥ⿪ɽЦ˵ΧЩΧŸ˵ȺҲЦ
ʮһԵĸо˴һԵﴫһζĿ⣬֪϶ڳЦأֻԼֻܰŭڱ˵ϣеƿǰ浲·ˣȻߵ棡
ʮһҪԼϴ󣬼æֹˣ˳˵Ǹ㿴ˣҵϴҲм̵ϴղŶϴ󲻾ĻϴѾȫˣûкڣ
ʮһĻ󣬲Ǹк⿪ɽеȫסˣֹΪʮһĻΪʮһԼԼӵǼ⻹ԼԼֵģݵӰأ
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ȻһͨƷʦʮһۿһ£ʹȻˣֻǶһж򲻹ƷʦȴǿӴſ¶Էսеֲ
ѾǽȸиˣǸ̫ˣһʮһУսѾȰʵˣ
ݣҪɱǸ೤𣡡кԵˣذ˴žҪȥ
ס֣ʮһæֹһֱקס˸еĸ첲ʲôɱˣ֪֪Ͻֵܸߣ
ǡвĿʮһ
ûʲôǵģϽߣȥ˵ʮһһɣһϴϰ˳
ʮһ˵֮û˵ʲôתˣȻԸ⣬ʮһĻģƾӺСǿҲӲǶһʮһ뿪ˣ
һ·һƵס֮ʮһվŵĸˣ˵ʲôʰɣ
ϴΪʲôɱ⿪ɽҸ˵ģɱǵİ೤Ͱ೤ְֵİȿѯʵ
ϵǸϴһëķǸСǿļһ֮г˶ʮһıӺͶԸеıӣ󲻵ȸе˵Լ˵ֵܣҪǲɱֱ˵ϴϣСǿҲģģһ챻ץˣҲ˵ģ
ҪǿսѵϣŲھɱ㣿ʮһ˫֮к˸Сǿ˵


618 Ҳ
Ҳݣ㻹װˣַˣСǿŭˣžҪʮһ
СǿҪʲôΪԼ˭֪ʮһʵģҲʮһղôһͼһסСǿĸ첲ĶСǿ
̣ҪҲ͹ȥ۲ʱǰ೤ǵĺǵ೤ΰǴӵоȳ˵ǰ೤Ͼǵʱµʮںǿž಻ֵǹǮôΪһеǣԲңԲӣԲȥİ೤ȥֵܣСǿеĻ֮ƿڴţѾ棡
Сǿ㹻ˣ˵Ҳ˵ӿСǿ˵ĻԽԽ֣̲ס˵ȻʮһǺ˽⣬֪ʮһһˣ
Ҳ˵ǵأأСǿѾŭ˼ӵĻ󣬸ӵıˡ
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Ҫ˵೤˵Ļ㶼ôԴҪ侲أΪ뱨𣿾˵ϣƾҲ᣿ŭˣһȭСǿһߣĴš
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ƾʲôСǿȻ˵ţȴѾûиղôӲˡ
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죡ʮһûһ۱ĻСǿٴʵ㻰أ
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СǿһʱʧˣҲôŰɣîȫٴʮһһһҪʮһſڵ
ֻģʵȴǲ̵ģΪһ˲䣬͸оײһ£˾ٴˤ˳ȥѪ֮СǿҪվȴǷָ
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ҲСǿ˿ʮһǿ˵
֪㲻ҲӻŮǽˣҪһѸ𣿡ʮһСǿ˵ʱ˵ĶԷƿԣ
ǵģһΪǶԣܹսϻŻѾˣֻȴܲΪԼ˿ǣ


619 Դŵ
Сǿ˵֮ʮһ˵ȫûˣҲں˵ΪղƾͿɱǸ𣿡
ô˵ϴǲǶѾſ𣿡ЩʵӺСǿҲȫɻĿ
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ǲǻλС𣿡Сǿʮһʵ
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ԸжԸ˵İ취Ҫȥǰ೤ĵطʮһζЦţ˵
ûأ̫ƽأСǿС˵
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ƤǰɣʮһƳһ۸У˫Źؽڣ
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Ҫ֪Ⱥͽ䲻õģŮʮһϰóů֮ﾪڶԷʱҲԼе̫֪ΪԷˣԼν֪˼䲻䰡
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أɫĶʮһ˵
֮ʮһֵ˵ܳԵģǶ˾Ͳ˵Ŷˣ
ֻŮߵﶼע⣬οֻ͸¶һָ߹Ů񷶵Ůûӣĺ˹˵ҪԶ
ʮһ׼ֽѵһ֪ߵغļһʱȴűƿ߽һƷŮ˲ŸսͶߺһ䣬ƤǰɣҪҪȥԵҹ
ܶӳˣǾǹǽѣˣ󺺼ŮŵüæתҪܣ


620 һ
ʵһ㣬Ҫ䵽ܵܶӳûĶ˵˵һ䣬ʮһԱ߲ԶһǰһĻһŮ
ӳ̫˧ˣҪһϲˣһŮ˷ܵ˵
СѾͷƬӣƤǰɣϽҪԵģϵֵˣŮװҪͬµӣ
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ôˣܶӳͷû̧һ£һ䡣
ˣӳֳ˵ǴӾǵģΪʲôҪطƫƧ˧綼ô٣ˣ͵ͷ˧ˣֻǿϧŮ飬͵ҲңܶӳԱߵŮٴΰһЩε̾˵
ٻˣ˧ֲܵԣΪʲôΪҸ˵ҪͰӵˣܶӳһ¶ͬµԴ˵
˧ȻԵˣؼǸ͵ɫͷĺ˧㿴һۣʱŮһһ㡣
ССҲѣҾͿ˵˧ж˧ܶӳĿһԼͬ£תͷС˵ķȥ
ʱСе˧磬ҲʮһѾתԼϣȥܶӳ󿴵񣬲ɵЩ顣
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һˣֻʶʶңʮһ֪Լǰ̨ǰһģͲκεܡ
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ⲻʺ㰡˵õĸأôҲôأʮһôֱӸˣⲻѧ
ãҸ㣬ʮһﰡԼһΪɶҲôİԣզҪأ
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ŮܼǴˣǵһʮһ̧ͷ΢Ц˵
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ܶӳȻ˵㣬ǲӦʧܰǸСŮ͵͵ĸ˹վС˵
һȥһСȻҲԼղе֣ǵ׹أΪʲôԼһֺʶĸоأ
һ𣿡ͻȻ˵ʮһ׸ˣܺզˣǲаˣ
ллˣģҿֻϴ˶ѣͻȻѵеʶĸоﲻҪ룡عͷ΢΢һЦΪʮһŮѣԴأԵ͵
ȥ֮ʮһĿС˵˰Ҳ˵ӽˮˣ
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ҪʮһĻֻӦ֣ͲٴʮһˣԼרĵĳǰЩƽƽԵĶ
˳ʱѾ뿪ˣʮһҲ֪ôˣȻĪĴ⺮ʱУСʱ·˼С·ͷܶҵ֣ʮһǰ·˼һ㣬ţĬĬޱظš
֪䣬ȻߵһﾹȻڱħħҲˣȻģǵһμֱħôģ

ͻȻһʮһһ飬ͬʱͣŲҲͣ˫֮һ˿
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621 ֹթʬ
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ѵֹˣթʬ˰ɣܶӳСͷһˣԸоĳƺܺµӣ
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ţǻǸϽ߰ɣСҲǲͣĵͷҪأĻ֮תҪߡ
飡
ֻǾʱСתһɲǣͣʬ۵һˣҪ֪ſǴƵģҲ˵ҪϵĻ˴ƶţֻСûб˰


622 
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˭ϽȻĻҿǹˣֱӾͳǹĴĿţСѾŹϵһ˲䣬ͱŵ˵ϣ
û˻ش⣬ͣʬһƬһ£ʱʮһҲϸѲͣʬֻȴԽԽȣΪȻûзκ⣬˷ܵĹԽԽɭʬҲԽԽŨ֮⣡
СͻȻͣʬ𣬶СĽţթʬˣթʬˣ
ѰȥȫǵһΪǿԭϵĸŰײʬ壬Ȼ
㵽˭˻ǹһѽСקһֻ־ǹָǰʬ壬ĳʵ
𣿡Ѿֱӵʬ壬תͷֻֻ۰û۾Ķʮһڵλãĵ˵
˭ʮһȻˣҲͲأϵǰһŶʬʵ
СͻȻʮһعͷȴǿˣɵٴ۵һ
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ëק֪֪˭ʬ忴ʮһӣɵҲǷŭ
ҹ˭ʬҪˣҪǴĻøϽ뿪壡ʮһǰʬ壬ŵ˵
Ѿܾûôˣôܰʬøأʬٴ˵ȴҲţ
ݣôĻðһǹˣʮһҡҡͷԼǹ˥İ˵ͷ
ʮһĻ֮ӰһѾʬ˳ȥʬȴҲʡ͵ĵƣô˵ҲǸοһ˵ϣսҲǿı
գ֮䣬һһѾսһʮһ۲֮£ƺʱ֮ڷֲʤҲԥȻ˵Ҫͨսͻƣʱȣ£
뵽ʮһһһУ׼һӾ˹ȥžһʬĶͷϣ
СӣʹĴһһӰʹʬ֮Ʈ˳ʮһצĹš
ˣôˣϵĺ֪𣿡ʮһһŵĹһסΪҪȥİ೤ʬ壬ȻһֻȴǼæסҪȥ
ëҼûкˣҲûǵ㣬ʲôҪԣĿЩĿʮһ֮е߼ɱˣ
ҪΪûʲôСүȥֻˣʬҲãʮһ˵Ѿʬ忹˼ϣҪת뿪
Ҫһ䣬󿴵ʮһͷ֮󣬾ͼʵŶ۰ҸһȥǸ㣿
ñˣȻǹҲȥֻأʮһ˵佫ϵʬַˣһӣ콣ȻУָŹ
ʲôЦ˵㻰ģһ֮һѾٴʬ֮ڣ
·ϸͣʮһܲˬԼҲ֪ΪʲôڹԼִ͹սֻʱҲû취˵ֻȰһˣ
һ׼Ҫ뿪ʱȴһſڣʮһ˵ҪһȥȻĻҾϱ˵͵ʬ飡
ҿɱǣʮһʱȻѾջŻķ콣۸ƹϵĲϣ˫֮͸һĪϣ
㲻ɱҵģҲñɱҵģſǻ˵ˮȻѾۿ֮дתˣ


623 ͷ
ΪʲôôţڻôΪ𣿡ʮһеˮʱһʹûϲɵûһʱһˣ
ɿܶӳȻҿǹɱ㣡СʮһŲӣŻŵľеǹʮһֻǲŸովʮһһֻһӣʱһСϣǹɵˣСҲΪʹ˵ϣ
һ㲻ɱңȻҲ֪ԭ򣬵ǣȿȣԼֱȻѾˣǼᶨ˵
ӮˣһԣҪʬ£ʮһջˣϾԭûҪɱղҲֻΪŻһΪһߵýˣԷʲôԼʱǿ϶ĵģϾ
ҴӦ㣡˼ڿ֮ͻȻʮһ΢Ц˵ֶԶڵϵС˵СȻȥɣ¾͵ʲô֪һжأ
ӳ㡭СĵĿ
İɣʬ嶪һϱߴ򱨸ģһɱҵģǽʬᶪοԼϣȻŵĿһʮһ
ߣʮһ˵һ䣬˾͸ϽȥֻһûѡӴųȥһǽȥģϾԺǽ˵Ͳʲô⣡
·ʿ԰֮̾ʮһԸŵ˵ϾҪ˵еϤһҪϤܶ࣡
ֻʮһȴĻ󣬾ͺԼ뷨ˣֻС˵Ҳ֪ﰡ
һ̾ӳ֪ʮһﰡ̲ס²۵
֪ҿԸӦĵǡô˵˾Ĵһ·񱼣Ͼ೤Ѿ˵ģ⳵Ļ϶᲻㣬ʱ䳵ҲûмֻѡܲǰУҵǣڳļǽҪԶһ˵ģ
ҲˣҲԲģ
һһ·񱼣Сʱ֮󣬾԰棬ʮһǰ԰԰ڵϢǲɵ¶һ˿΢Ц˵Ϳˣ㻹Ǳȥˣ˺ʹǹҲģ
Ҷ˵й·Ǻ𾴵ģȻҺܲˬǣ޺޵˵뿪˰೤ʬ壬ԶٵƮȥ
ۿʲô˵Ȼھ뿪ʮһ೤ʬ壬һ仰ͷҲصߵԺǽ£һԾǽȻһӾȥ
֪ʮһڸԼ˵ûᣬǸȺһ𷭹Χǽ԰֮ڣ
ʮһʬһ·һĹ֮䣬ʬŵ˵ϣһֻϵʱʮһӣҲͲôżˣһĹǰͳһ̵֮󣬰રવĳ
ͣһܣվʮһʮһ˵
ΪʱǸĻͲͻƣΪ㲻֮ʱʵӦǲ̫࣬ʵҪѰʱֻ̣жԷǱսߣȴûкܶ£ʮһ³һȦ֮󵭵˵
ϵĹϣвɣҲڴʱ˹ûκԥľʮһԣ
᲻̫һ㣿ʮһﰡܲ΢һ㣡
˵û㵱˰Ǻ£˵˵ʬΪʲôΪ˳̰ɣһʮһļ򣬿ƺʵ
ͣ𣿺ܳʮһһ󣬾վԶһƬĹ
ҲˣʮһСֹһ䣬˫ǰͣıȻţһӡ˲ҹ֮Уֻصķ
ҡشķҪпȴǱʮһһ۵˻ȥ
λӢ꣬ʮһʦµӣλǰ󣡡ʮһ˫ֱȭʮǰհȥ
أΧķͻȻһõӰ֣ܳʮһŵһӰʮһҲһݣĵ˵֪ʦʲô£
λӢ꣬ģλֵҲһλˣǰǸֻȴ⵽ݺӢԩڣϣλԳʮһǰӰϹϾ˵
Ҫô֮ǰǸӰٴ˵
ʵֻϣλǻڵ೤ĻΪҵİ취Ļô϶𺦵ĻǣĻֻ֮ǰܻܵһЩ˺ҹ˽죬ǻܹĻͻɶʮһŰеڶӢһݡ


624 ͬӢ
ɶ򲻹𣿡ڻûסɵСʵ֮󿴼ʮһԼһۣɵƤһͷ
Ȼ棬Ҿͻش⣬һ˵ֵһᣬֻҲɱΪǰô˵ǱһˣҲǱݺģʮһѵõĸ͵
ѵôʦˣԵһ£Ӱʮһ˵֮󣬾ֻܵһӰ˲ͱһŵĺȫŵŵİ೤ʬ˹ȥ
֮һһŵĺȫʬ˳һ֮ǰһӰе㷢Σ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ͼӵŵʬֻƮһӰһ٣೤һģһĻǣ
ллֻ»ֻأֱʱ˲֪೤ֽ£
㻹ֻѵ㻹Ҫ𣿡ʮһʵ
ȻҪǻνҰְֵأݵ˵ŭٴ˵Щ׳ңһһһıһԴ𣬾ͰԼԴ˿ϣʱ׼Ž׸أǻʲô
ô˵ͲˣϾֻǸ˵㸸׵ҲΪңǸģӱϾǴԼ̾ӵĴӳԵµĻ̲֮ס
ǺǣҪǰЩͷ­Ѫֵչ˺üˣ鷢𣿡Цһĵ˵
޻˵νľ죬ô֪ǵΣأ¼˵ˣ̲ס䡣
ʲô˵ģǺƽôΣգվƺͲŵǹָ´˵
С仰˵ˣ֮ǰǸΪ׵ӰĻ֮󣬴Ļ˵˧սһɽкһȺĹ֯У⼸ֵҲǸһ
֪ƽҪЩӢۣҴǵǸʮһһºλӢľһ
ʵǸأ˵Դǵһ𣬾ѾԼƬˣЩǺõģ֪жսֵ磬ʱʬǶûа취ջ˶֪½ӹλ˧Ļ˵
λǰ֪ûʲôʸ񣬸ûʲô˵ЩһҪ˵ллϾҲƬϵģƽ֮ԺƽΪһһӢۣʮһ֣صĶԼڶӢ걧һȭɫ֮ǳ֮⣡
೤Ͱĵȥֻذɣĳһᾡȥ㱨ģȲ˵ֵܸкǳսѣ͵ֻΪӢ¼Ҳһ㱨ģʮһ֣صĶ˵
һǼֵܣ¶ʮһ˰죬˵
ҿԴӦ㣬Ҫ֪аСʱҪɶˣɶ֮ڵ״̬ǲܿƵסԼģһɶ֮ҪΪĻΪһˮʦһҪɱģֻ᲻ôңʮһǵ˵ͷЩΪѵĿ˵
ǰɣǿ԰ӳһ±ʱ䣬ֻӵ賿㣡Ϊ׵Ĺ˧ʮһĻ֮˵󿴵ʮһǿʱֲһ䣬˵Сʱ֮󣬻пԼڱɶʱôһʲɥʧǣֻǺʹѣ
λ˧Ҫôʮһ֪ҲûȤ֪дһ绰󣬾һԵ̨ԹԵĳ̣ĮģΪдʱһģڵ׸ôȥôȥȥе뷨ģǶЩһӢܵĴǸоһʧ䣡
ιʲôأʮһоЩķҵʱ˹һʮһļ˵
ͷеģʮһûİһⶼûˣѾͷôôһشԵأ
ʲô̬ȰСڰο㶮ʮһĻ֮󣬺ǲˬıԹ
òţʮһͷûһ£ֱӾվ壬ֻֻܹеӣʵϣʮһȴڿΣ
ֻʮһ֮Ѱֲ̣ʱָиʱʱ߶ʲô


625 ս
ʮһаһ㣬ÿͣĴһ£ҿлֹģŭĵһʮһıӰԶһõĺӰܶţɵþôһ˿˿⣬Լʲôλãǿ԰һôĹ־ԼĲԶ
뵽˴һµģϾŮӣҲվֻһŮӶѣֻǱһŮԸǿһЩвɵеҪ˵뷨
ʱȴĵʮһţΪģֻΪսĻԵһʱ뵽ʮһȴǸûע⵽ˣΪʱ˫üСĽĹ۲Ƭ԰ĵΣ
ԭʮһֻҪһƬӢ۵ʿ԰ˮΣֻʱţԼƬ԰ķˮһЩ˽֮ʮһϵıȴеסˣɫҲ࣬ȵдӺСǿϹʱʮһѾ纮һˣ
೤м˸չͿƯһ£һӾͿ˳ܵµǰҪӵһ£ȴǷ˫ھʱ򣬾Ȼµϴ˹ȥ뵽ǵİ೤Ѿˣ
ʲôޣƵģûث֣¿ԼյսѣҲ̲סһ󼤶ֻȴǿװżǿǰļֵܣ
ǰ೤Сǿǿᣬ˵
ʲôǣ˵˭ҪǸҲͱҲֵܣֱӴСǿĻõӰȻһ˲ʵ˺ܶ࣬ȻԿˣ
УӣСǿȵ
ͬĴͬʱ˫Ų£վıֱһֱӴ˳˫£
԰೤ǣӽ쿪ʼҪ޲ҵˣȥԼԸ
Ҳͬ˵
ֱӿ࣬ӵıͱӵĻοӦ֪ԴӽӪǾӦԷΪְ˭Ҳ˵ǻ˻ܣ˭ôĸǵȨҲҵģм˵Ļش֮ǳ׵ıŭˣ˾һٳ
ǣ֮£ȻкǲԸǺˮ˵
ӣСǿɽȥУ͸ͿˣҵĳǲõģģԼֵȫӦˣԸ
ҪͰ೤һ̣Ӵĺ
ԣҪͰ೤һ̣СǿҲǸŸ͵
ʲôͣѾˣܹǵǰǶԼ⼸λ׳İæǸϽɽȥԹԼ˲һֱҪھҵģɽȥ¶ٴ˵ֻ֮ȴû֮ǰôˣ
ǡӼ˻Ҫ˵һЩʲôȴʮһֱӴˣ
ĥĥˣϽɽȥģīȥǰ೤Ͷ̥޷ˣѵǵİ೤һ»Ұ𣿡ʮһͷĴӺСǿҪ˵Ļϵ˵
ʮһĻ֮󣬸תͷһ뿴ͨһȫ˵жϥлƽ𣬿ǴʱУӣСǿԱΪߵˣȻһʮһ
лϴ󣩣˼ͬĴ
˵ĻԼ˵ľٶ֮º£ʲôҪ˵ȴʲôҲû˵ʮһ෴ͱȽϵܶ࣡
˵ľٶʮһԤϵˣˮʦǲ׽˵Ĺݵģһ˾ͱ뾡ȥɹ֮˵ڴﲻɻʲôǶӦÿ˲ͬӦÿ֮֮²ͬˮʦܵĳͷҲвͬ
ʮһûֹ˵Ĺݣ˵ѾȷҪǺˣڿ˵ľٶ֮ʮһ˫һӡ̧ݺݵڵϣʱһɲ֮˴ȥڵϵȫȻ˵೤ĳһűģǾͷİɣ
ӺСǿʮһĳŵ֮Ŀһ£һŤͷɽȥ
Ҳ뿪ɣҲˣٸҲˣʲôĻǾͶúõĵĹػһеľϾǵɷӺܶ඼ңԶı߽ţȵӶ뿪֮ʮһת߹˵


626 Ͷ̥ҲҪߺ
֪˵ֻ֮ǰһ仰㣡ʮһһۣԥһʵ
ʰɣʮһ˵
ǰûм𣿡ǹ˺ܴһ㣬ڴĿʮһ
Ǹ߹ǰûм棬Ǿ˧ϲңҪϵҲòôİ취οҶѾŮˣʮһװһεӣǼԼҪ˵
ûû£ʲôôʵĴŮϲһëǲⰡù·ҪȥˣԭڴֻʮһĻش֮󣬵ŭˣһƿʮһŭɽȥ
ʮһҡҡͷȻղô˵ܲãȴ˵ԵҲٶ룬ϾиҪҪأ
೤ǼҰȥֻأʮһʵ
Ҿֻأæʮһ֮󣬱۾˼һᣬ֣ص˵
ʱվһԵĹ˧ƺҲлҪ˵ֻȴֺ֪ô˵Ƶģǡñʮһ۽ǵ⿴ˡ
֪׳ôƺʮһתŹ˧ʵ
֪ʦкָ̣˧ʮһش
֮ǰһսɱо˵ųδʮһش⣬ȴһĿ˵
û뵽֪ңȴһ˻ɱˣһˣɱ˶ԷʮˣܰˣҲû뵽ʱ֮󣬶ôأȻ֪һ֮ʵô֪ģ
սУžһ˵
ô࣬ȻͬսӣȴһϵеĻش֮󣬵Цһ£ֽͷתȥʮһ
ͬ־ҪĻҲ԰Щֵһֻأʮһ˵ԼĴ㣡
лƴʦˣԵĻƴʦЩֵֻأҲ֪ظֻزô׵ģ˵ʵЩֵ֮ǰѾڵظˣΪǰĶǻµ飬йҲ˵鴦ֻһȾ꣬ǰȥѯй٣õĴȴǻҪȣǰĵȴֻصĹ껹кܶܶ࣡ʮһһȭ֮Щε˵
ҿͶ̥ôˣҲûбɶٰһŵ˵ʮһһ֮ƲƲ첻˵ˣʱѾղôͳˣϾ˵ѿŵľȥ˱
ڵظֻأʮһ֪ʲôģϾÿ궼ôȥÿһͶֻ̥أظҪ˲һǰģſԺܺõİÿһȥĹͶ̥תϾʡǮ´ȥ֮Ͷ̥ǻõһõ˵Ǿûôõѡˣصĸпܻᱻ
ֻʮһĻһ˼ֻ֮ԼЩֵתͶֻ̥أȴûᵽԼʮһʵͬ־㲻ȥͶ̥𣿡
ҾͲȥˣһиҪҪȥʮһ֮ҡҡͷ˵
ųҲȥˣĻ£ΧЩӰӰ´µĹ׷˵
ʲôΪûɣǸϽƴʦȥͶ̥ҪǷģʮڵ鱣ˣһɣֱӽǼҪ˵Ļǳ˻ȥ
ʮһ֪Ƿ˵ǰ㣬ûɣǴʱ˿̣ȴʲôҲû˵ʾԼһڹվһ𣬶һ˦һöӡˢһ·˳˵ǰת
Ȼöӡ޵öǺܾ֮ǰǸԲöʱʮһ֮ٻöӡΪҪͨӡٻԲ󺺣ſóһöӡˣȻԺɵİЩͶ̥
ȻԼҲõԼҪһԳôĹȴеѣǱͷ϶ΪһȻĻѰõοٻԲǰбҪѯʣ
ӡΪţڤ֮·ʮһ˿ӡжôľȣΪÿٻӡʱ˿ᾪ֣˵Ѿֲˣʱרĵָ˫ֿٵı䶯ţڳ˻ǹѾʮһ˫ֵı仯ˣ


627 ټԲ
ʮһ˫ָĴƯŵĹӡϷͻȻðһɫУɫиһ֣ɢһϢֻһϢͬǣ֮лŨŨ֮
ϢһΧͼæԼȥȥٶȿеףʮһĸоͺèһ㣬ٴУ
ĺɫܵϢԽԽŨʮһ͸жѾЩܲˣ
ʮһǰһУкǲˬİԸţõôų
Сʲô𣿡ʮһиŵʱһʮĴ֣һԲ̣üëǺڵû˭Ĵ󺺳ǰûע⵽һǲǴӺɫ֮гģΪôͻȻĳںɫǰ棬ûһ춯
˭ҲûвǣԲ󺺳ֵʱ˫֮ȴһ˼ɫֻɲ֮ʧˡ
ģһЩҪȥͶ̥תֻأأŶ̫οѾˣԾ߸Ͷ̥תСؾ뵽˼ˣԲˣʮһҲͲ£ֱӹϵ˵ԼеĴ㣬ֻǻҲССһ¶Էƨû취˰в˵ûģ
Ŷһٶ𣿡ԲʮһĻ֮ɨһԼЩ֣˵ͻȻ˫Ŀʮһ˵ôоμ㣬Ϲֵֹģ
Բ󺺵Ļʮһпһ£仰ʲô˼ǡ뵽ʱʮһֹͣԼ뷨ȥ룬Ϊң˭֪ǰصļһʲôʵһԼ뷨أ
˵ЦˣĹֵֹģһЩˣҪЩͶ̥һЩǿ鷳ĻôԼҲԵģϾֻӡһ߶ĻֻҪӾͿʹЩȥͶ̥ˣʮһ϶ЦݣװһνӣͬʱһӣһöӡҲ˳
ǴõöӡԲ󺺿ʮһͻȻֵһöӡ֮һЩʵ
ģʮһȻע⵽Բ󺺵仯һ˼㵭ĻشˣҪж࣬شǽһɴ
ҰЩȥֻأӡôοһöӡ͸أԲҲע⵽Լı仯ٴλָ֮󣬿ʮһʵ
ãöӡ֣ԼҲȥֻأҲһ㣬һѣҲǶЪϢ£ʮһԲ󺺵Ļûκεɫ仯ֻǿƺĻ˻֣ͽһöӡҲյϣǰ˻Ƶģ
ʵʮһвûбϿôԲҪ׵Ļ֮󣬵һӦԩͷˣڶӦǣ㵱ɵأɵҲⱾ
öӡҲûʲôòǣο֮һЩȥͶ̥ҲʡƼˣԲ󺺻ļҪ˵ʮһ
˶ռˣʲôҪϴеıǲе̫ˣȴ֪дʱȴͻȻǰһȻⲽеСվʮһ࣬һ׳յԲ󺺣
Сô˵أʲôʲôҲϴеöӡǲ͸ģԲ⻰֮󣬵ָŸʵ
Ҳ˵͵ģֲϴҪģ˭ԼԸͰиԲɢƣСֹһ䣬ͱʮһȥˣΪģֻΪø˵ĻѾȫ˵ˣ
Ͼֻ˵ͱ˵ȫǲͬģȻյĿĶһģͿԲôӻˣ
ԲеĻ֮ϸػһµʮһʱĳԼֵҪ͸˼ҵģڰֻˣҲѾûˣ
˵ɣҪôſϽǸӡңֻҪǺܹ֣ҶԴӦ㣡ԲЩӷŭĿʮһ˵
⻰ҾͲˣôôأ˼ҪӡȻˣʮһҡҡͷЦ˵ЦⶫǶԷ˵һ£ԼϼĺһЩ
ȻһȫôĽƻߣҵԲ󺺵һʮһû˵һһ㽫Щȫȥֻأһ壬е»ȫϣڶһֲٿعӡķս˵ҲһԺ޳İΣ


628 ĸ
Բ˵лһΪʵʵ뷨ʮһԥֱӴӦһжҪǸȫĲôˣ
ʮһ˼ڿˮŬһ֮˫ֱԲ󺺣˵ڶҪһ£
ôģ˵ԲʮһĻ֮ʮһ֮󣬵˵
ܼ򵥣֪ôһְֹƹֵһӡ֮꾡𣡡ʮһ˫ֱ¶һ˿Ȼ˫ֱԲ󺺡
̰İ֪Щ˭ıģһõ˲ƿصĶʱͻܵвɢԲ˵⻰ʱ۲ûпʮһ˶еôһ˿Ĳ죬ΪԲ󺺴ʱĿǿҹյġ
ⲻ̰ģȻҲ֪ʵĿʲôĻȻȥô;һܷȥעͷβһ޳ɣʮһͻȻͦñֱһȻɢȥתͷԲ󺺺õĶš
֪ھͿԻ֮ɱ㻹ЩѣԲޱĿʮһ˵
֪Ҳ֪㲻ôʮһûзϣǳϵͬʱǽ˶Էһ
ܴȷʵɱ㣬Ҳ˵ģһʵʱһ£ԭȴ֪Բעʮһһ֮ͻȻҡҡͷ˵
ʦʮһͻȻðô֣ȴʹڳ˶±ˣԲ󺺸ǲ˼Ŀ
ҪְλҸ㣬͵ϼһһ飡Բ󺺻µͬʱһʱһɫĹʮһδ˷ӦǵĹѾʮһ֮С
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ˣĿҲﵽˣͱچµˣھʹЩȥֻأԲ󺺶ʮһĿ˿ʣһֱӽʮһеöӡյУһӣ̼䣬һӳ˵ǰ
ڵҹĻͻȻһѺۣǸоͺһŴͻȻ䱻üмһƵģ
ӡҲɣʮһһ̧ͽеһö֮ǰԷ͸Ĺӡ˦˳ȥ˵жôĲںֻǷԷ̫࣬οԼӡõĲ˳֣
ȷԲ󺺲ŵĿʮһԷͷ֮󣬷е㲻֪ôˣӡеһ˷һССһ֮󣬵һ˦һŷʮһһǰҵģʹڶʱ֮ڻƷʦûκκ֢
ˣȫ߰ɣԲ󺺼ʮһ˷󣬶ڶһߺȣʱеĻȫȥȻеİ೤¡
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Ƭ֮󣬺ҹ֮ǵ˺˵ĿԲԼڶȥʧˣŵʿ԰˴ֻʣĸˣʮһУԼ˧ˣ
ϴ󣬰೤ôҺֱʱлʳеɻ
˻ֵ˲Ѿ־ԺˣĻȥǱ߾ͻֱӱȥͶ̥תˣƴʦĹϵӦҲ̫ĲˣͶ̥֮Ҳỹԣȴֱʮһش˸е⡣
ԭˣתͶ̥˵ʵҲһֽˣ˼ӣȻ˵һипĻ
ƴʦ֪ҿɷ㣬ҿԸоõжͻȻתͷʮһ˵
Ļʮһû̫⣬˵ԤϵҪԼ֪һԼ˵ֻǲ֪Է˵һЩʲôѣ


629 ƾʲôң
ȷʵпĴĵطֻ֪ǹȥķ֪ǳİ취ο֪ˣĿǰʵ˵ҲʮһֻԵһ£˵ʵѡӵģ
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630 Ʒˣ
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ʮһȻ֪ľȣʱѾٴλص֮λϥѰ̷ǰ֮ȴǶһŷ֮ǰԲ֮ǰ͸ģνĹ͸ſԽΪʱƷʦķ
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ʱƷʦһ֣ĲʮһаοԼһ֮󣬱һҧеķԼǰʮŰݶˣһˣҪǲʹŷĻôԼǰһʱλ񲻾֮ˣ
һɲǣʮһֻоһɲȻӷ֮ӿǻ֮УٵԼĵȥֻգ۵ʱ䣬ǹ˵֮УȻͽԼ֮ڵһԼľ
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ֻƬ֮ʮһ˹ʲôأԼֻͨãʱһζѣϽҪ


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ֻǾεĿУȴǼʮһȻͣ˫ֱǰ
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㲻ҪȽֿıͷںϣȻһķ˵󿴵ʮһĵ˵ͷ֮һӣʱһɫӿʮһ嵤֮ڣ
ɫӿͬʱʮһо֮ͻȻ䴫һ󳹹ǵʹֻʮһȴûκϵı仯ھתɾ˵Ѿûʲôʹܹ־ˣ
ʱƣʹҲӵļӾ磬ֱֻջصʱʮһҲûκε鲨ȻĵȻ֮ɫʹһֱĬĬ۲仯кϲ
ˣıͷѾٴλָںһˣҪľ㽫׼𣿡˵
ںΪʮһЦһ£˵׼ʱԿʼ
ò˵ʮһ仰һЩζģǲòϣ仰ȴϲֻ˵ͷ˫ʱɫĹâʮһȻֻԷֻƶţ


634 Ʒ
ʮһԸоĳɹ˫ֵƶԼٴδһ־ʹһֺҪʹһʳʹҪ޷ˣ
ʱʮһؽҧԼһҪ˺ʹھתɾֽⶼĥۺһʹҪôһ˿
ֻȻûǴôʹ࣬ʱҲûһôչ黹Ǿޱȵģͺһ˱ϻҧһ֮󣬾˵Լ¹ҧƵģⲻǳ
ʱ䣬ʮһȴǸоһôʮһоԼĹͷѾĴקѾ뿪ʱǸоʹ˲ɢˣ
ˣѾɹˣĬһԺ֮еĿھͿԷˣǳĿʮһο˵û뵽ǰԼѡеСôҪ֪ǽʹּ֮һЩģ˵ʮһʱʱҲʹĺ߳ģ
˵ʮһǺϲģôǿټϵĴԵһʦܣ
Ļ֮ʮһĺһ˫ۣǴһԼ壬ԼʱʮһԼеԼˣʱ˿̣ԼѾѪˮȾˣ·ѾƵˣǰҲǲ֪ʱѾһѪӣʮһȥʱ򣬾ȻһһѪأ
ϤһԺͻȻһھʮһĬһ֮˫ְտھ˵ӡϵı任ţٵԼϵ£
⡣ͬĻʮһˣֻһʮһȴһ㲻ͬһɫͷһīһĺɫ֮ͬ
֮ǰзʲô֮ͬ𣿡ǰʮһЦʵ
ϴɽҽȴǲˣʮһԼ̽ʵ˵˳
ȻǾͨɽҽǷȴˣȻᣬɽҽȴֻһˣҲ˵ڵķս˺ܶܶ࣡ʮһϸĸһ·֮󣬻˵
ҪٵʵĻǱ廹ǷǲҪҸطأҪʱʮһ˵Ļ֮󵭵ĻӦһ䡣
⼼ܲȫķǺΣգҪ֪ͽڿǳ˱°һĻôı̬Լûлټ˼ҰʮһѾȥʼļ֮ɫˣʱ˫֮˸һֽĹâ
ŶôأûпʮһС˼Ƶģһ䡣
ôΨһһͽܣҪұɱˣ˵ȥϵҲ𻵰֮ķҲðʮһѾǾҪˣûʲôãؼʱҲסСȻ֪ĳɹѾ˼ܣ
ϾֻһӶеڶΣһλʵĪ⣬ҲҪƷʦʦǿܣʮһôܷأʮһֻҪóģһѧ綯
֪ƷʦҪΪƷʦҪʲôʮһµĻ֮󣬲ûлش𣬶ֱһ⡣
˷£һѰһʮһʻ֮Ȼв֪Ϊλдһʣȴһ˲Цı飬Ļش
ֽ֪ϷˮʦƷţëƷȴ޼ΪΣָ룬ʵ
СӲ֪ʮһʵػش
ΪһĴȻعﲩǴǧ˵ˣǺһķˮأѾرѸҵˣԣƷʦŻôϡ٣˫Զ֮УƿԿ͸ʱһ㣡
ĻʮһȻ֪ôӻˣΪʵȷʵĳɹ˼˵ҵǣҲûʮһӻ
ֻһº˵ҲǺܶƷʦ۷ҪƷͬǣΪλϲɽ֮ˣΪѰҵ綼Ѿˣֻɽ֮лôһ˿ܣ
ԣҪݴ񣬱ϾͽҪƷʦﲻĻ˵ȥǻᱻ˳Цʮһ˵ʱ˵һӿʼ˱仯ȻԾ֮ǰǰվţȴɢһµѹ


635 ʵ
仰ʮһְ͵˼仰أͳҲȻûʮһʧ
ֻµͬʱһӣʱʮһ͸оԼԺʲô仯ɵתͷȥ
ʮһԼԺҹоȻһŰɫâѺۣʲôʱȴֻĴȻѺ֮ץ˹ȥʮһͿʲô
ȵֳʱʮһֻڶԷкץһƻĶвɵЩɻ󣬸ʲôҪԼһֻ
ˣһȽʮһע˹ʮһͿеľžһչ˿һ˦Ư˰У
չһ˲䣬ʮһŻͼɢ󲨶֮ʮһ׵סˣ⾹Ȼһɽͼ
ɽľݣ׺ŵļֻʮһе޷Աģⲻһ򵥵ķ羰ô򵥣ʮһظоһ֮ʿ߱⻭ڵɽһһעȫģ
һϷɽͼעϷʱܶѪ˵ɽͼѾԳһˣϷͰ㣡˫֮дһ˿׷֮ɫһɰȻصţ
лʦʮһʵĶ֣ص˵ͨ˵ɽͼûʲôãҲװһ²棬Ƕڷˮʦ˵ȴһҪõģΪûйϵսߵҲûйϵ
Ϊˮʦûһ˲һɽͼоЩѧʮ꣬ѾͻƷһֻķˮʦһɽͼҲ޷ܾģ
û취ͺñȳԻϲʳŵģŮ˼ϲİЬӵʱһӵģ
ȱ𼱵лյǸųҺһ˻ֶʮһ˵
ĻʮһȫŷģµʱʮһֱӽСٻ˳
ѰһǼ򵥵ĵ㵽˱ؾͿԵģںܶˮʦ˵Ѿȫ֪ˣȴҪסƷʦֻѰ˴ſԳƵƷʦȻĻ˵ҲǿƷ֮еĲһ֣̼ˣһӣֱӽСץУһ߸ʮһţһֱӽСһ˦ӵɽͼ֮У
ҲԱ飿ʮһٿĳɹľٶ֮󣬺ɻʵ
Ա˵ܲУǶ˵ȴǺɣĻȻᣬ˵Ҳȷʵˣʮһ仰֮ȴһҪץȴ޴ֵĸо
ǣ˼Գа첻鰡ʮһʱһƨ
ԭʮһΪҪǿнһ飬ҲҪһֶΰɣһӣʮһ˵ֻڽСɽͼ֮кֻһָ˽ȥеͺһΪɽ飡
ʮһ͸оǶȻһ䣬ܾȻһһ̣վԼǰʮһȴȫ͸о
ͬʱʮһϢʱɽͼȴǴһƵ֮ǵģʹѰʱһ֮дһ˿ãĳƺ
ˣպ˰ɣպһǳģ£һӣһֺˡ
ʮһͻȻֵĻᣬвɵһĪļ̤ѧϰϰˮһܼһҲʱˣȴûиԼһõһɽͼ
ʱ䲻ˣһƵҪʧˣҲúõһͱɣ֮ɫʮһ˵
СһҪѯʣʮһǿ̧ͷԷͷʾ֮˵п޳ɱ𣿡
ʮһ֮󣬾ٲ˵Ҳһ£ôֱֱĿҲôһֱʮһҲ֪˶ãõĸоʱ䶼ֹһ㣬ǿˡ
ܹҺܿģ˵Ѿضһ㣬ԭǲô֪ģȻˣҾ͸㣬ǿ޳ɱģʵߵĻͱԸҲǿԼȥƿصģ
֪лкܶʣֻܸ㣬ڻ֪Щʱ򣬵һʵˣȻȻ֪ˣ˾˵ɣҲˣʮһֹɫֱӲԷ˵ĻᣬµͬʱѾתԶȥˣ


636 뻵
һֵʱͥŲڰУ
ۿҪʧҹɫ֮еʱʮһ̲סѯʵʲôȥ˸ǣ
Ʒɣ֪ʮһдһƵģĴ
Ʒɣʱĵ뿪ѾȥһˣʮһվԭŶԷ֮ǰµĸ֣ͻȻʮһ̧ͷ˫۷һ˿ֱҹգ˵Ʒʦǵɵľˣһᾡﵽģ
ȻҪʵôΣվǱȻģȻˣǱ߰˵ʮһñȥˣڳ
ֻǵоĸĸʱʮһЩˣһϣֻһ콣лոɽͼʵһЩķЯϾʮһҲ֪ԷϷ콣ҲֻӰ콣ķӣлˣ
ֻһĻһѰǰԭԼЩͭǮ֮ĶǷڷ콣ڲռеģѰҲˣǷû˷콣ЩôЯֳˣ
ʮһһҧƵģ˸ŷķˣͭǮǱҪЯһЩģѰ̣ʮһͻȻԼװŰɣ
Եʮһɽʱ򣬻бһѰ̣ϸǴŷԼ֪ߴһͭǮ
ϴôһˣпű˸̻ʮһɻʵ˵ͬʱʮһյɽ·ϲʱĿϼۣ
㻹˭ţʮһûİһ۸УʱĹһɣ
׳أнӹ֮ʵ
ˣԺҪʱͳˣʮһش
ϴ㲻иװؿռô氡ôŶ۰оǲŷӦƵģѾʮһ޲ȱǵ̣
ôϻԺûˣֵһһʮһŸзԸһ䣬ȥץһºûô֮ҲȥΪһֱĬѾȥ
ֻ˸ոɽû߶ԶͿǰֵˣ˿ɽæӭ
ӣôˣ֮еһȿ˵֮ǰ뿪ӺСǿˣ˵Ҳӣ
ǰ೤ѾתͶ̥ˣǾͷİɣʮһ֪ⲻǶһ֪һֱֻĸиӵҪ֪
̫ˣлʮһĻش֮󣬼ĸʮһһһԵСǿҲǸһ
ǡݹ֮СǿƺЩҪ˵ֻȴЩ֧֧Ĳ˵
˵ǰɣʮһȻ֧֧Сǿѯʵ
֪дһʣŰ೤Ͷ̥תѾĪĶˣǣҲġСǿʮһʻ̧֮ͷۿ֮˸ỨЩĿʮһ
֪ǶģҲģһǰ೤ĸױģʮһȻֻǶСǿ˵ĻȴǸġ
ȥģСǿЩȲ׷ʵ
ȥģȻ˯ˣΪͱȥͶ̥תôأοﲢֹǰ೤һ꣬ɱ˻Ҫ֮ǰԷһڳԵأʮһİһСǿͷҲص·ȥˣ
Сʱһұݵʱʮһٽ֮ǰŸзԸһЩ飬˵Ҫã͹˷˯ȥˣ
ҲֲʮһϾ̶ʵ̫ǿˣڼеҪϢֻνϢ˯˵ذ֮ϣȴĬĬתڵ
תʮһлһЩοģȻʵ˺ܶ࣬ĵǣͨǿԻָƵģҸ岢
ʵ֮£ķһЩϾҲɽҽܵô˵ಷȻţԺ󣬸ǾĲǰˣʮһһ֮󣬸оϵ̶Ⱥ˺ܶ࣬ɵ
о״̬֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬ʮһ߽ԡҳ˸裬ʱ䣬賿ˣ㴩·߳˷ţ
ϴô𴲸ʲôŸ˯Сʱ͵УȫһĺȦ޹Ŀʮһ


637 ﲻ԰
ԹʲôԹǲ뱨𣿡ʮһһ¸еԴʵ
ʮ֮ʮһЩڸǱˣΪǾ仰˵꣬ͱкСǿһ˳滹ͣţߣ
ǾɱˣҲҪɱ˳ԱɣҪԷʮһŷҵСǿԼԼǰԼĸУĽţ
ȱ֮ϴʲôǾ͸ʲôڱҪ˵
ʲôûȥ𰡣ϽɿңҸ徲ĵطҺʮһ˵ͷԼ֫ļһĵ۰ֲо仰ۣȺأ
ϴֱýӺ˵Ǹһﲻ͵𣿡ǼʮһֵģҴ֪ܶ࣬УֻҪϴóǰţıʲôŴӵģǻǷַӵʮһĻ֮Żдһʣ
ϴϴ󣿡ʮһתͷŸС
ȻϴˣŵüæͣһתӺСǿȥˣֻһ仰ƮʮһȥĹ԰ϴˣ
ʮһڸеķӦҲˣԼôڰų
߰ɣģȴԼˣʮһһԾͺһƵվŵ˵
ŮˣʮһҲǲ֪˵ЩʲôˣԼϧһΣͱû˯СʱĶԷˣȴ֪糿ԼʱѾˣԴˣʮһҲֻܹ鹦ڶԷĹˣ
һ·æƵȥһεʿ԰ȥǶ¶ѾˣʱҲûе㣬Խֵϼû˵ģ˵ȥĹص·ˣһ£˭ϵɽȥĹأǼҲûôİ
С·ĹͺͺԼϸŵһ㱡ѩʮһԴھ֮Լûôˣ
ϾǰŮҲᴩϸˣѴ޷޷ˣȴԼһǴŵµ㣬뵽ʮһתһԵɵüͷ
ţʮһɵ÷һʡ
㲻䣿ʮһ˵ΪʱϵĴţԿóҲǵµ㣬ĺǲµģ
䣡һ£û뵽ʮһͻȻôһ⣬󵭵Ļص
Ҳǣ㱾֮ˣһ¶ûôҲοҲΪʲôĸģʮһش֮ԹԵĵһͷʶ˵͸о˵ˣæһ㿪һξ룬ȴǷûԼ
ȻкܲΪûзƢʮһҲûеԼͷȥ˼Ҵĵزǲв
һ·ţٴĹΧ֮еʱ򣬿ǰһĹʮһҲһЩдʱ򣬻ǹ굽أȴ뵽ȴǻȥĹգŵĹأٸĹ֮УȻûһˣ
££
ʮһпʱ򣬲ԶȴǴѻĽʮһڶҲеȥ¥գȫͶ̥תȥˣϢѻѾԸˣ
ֻһӣʮһüͷͻȻɹѻƺһЩͬһ־Ҫٻ콣ȥֻץ
Ȼ֮ȴûһ춯ʮһһ¶ͷôأ
ݣʮһԼʱȴǿԱߵһһöڷ˳ȥֱŰзŵѻȥžһ´ѻԴϣӶһֱ֮ȥ
ллʮһ֮һΣСֻˤڵϵѻǰϸĴ
Ŷѻ۲ʱӣʮһ˫üӵĽˣһǱȥһֹţܵİܵİойģôûأ
⣿ʮһƵֹɵúʵֻ֮ɫȴûκα֣
ǰ֮ǰҸоֻѻʲôĵطԲšֻǴ֮ôʲôҲûзأʮһûע⵽ȻˣΪڲ֮أ
۾ƯʮһĻ֮󣬿ʮһеѻ֮˵


638 ɷָ
ǰȻɫģʮһڷһ䣬תѻ۾ϵʱͻȻԭã˫ۣȻһ˲䱬һ۵Ĺâ
֪ˣԭˣôûзأʮһ˷ܵĴţԳһ䣬ô򵥵ĵԼȻûͨʵ̫Ӧˣ
һ̣ʮһûע⵽ԼԸȻ뱾вģǱĻ벻Ǿ;Բˣ벻׾һҪ취ŪȻ
ͬʱʮһҲ֪ΪԼˣԼΪǵʵǿ˵ֵһˣںܶصԼȷʵҪȺ޶ˮʦǿǶĳЩĳʶԼȴǷȱģͱһֻѻ۾⣬ܻ˰ʣ˵һƷʦˣҪԼ׷֣
νַ֮ͨȴʹһԵҲ̲סһۣһһէľƵģ
ߣаۣ֮ⷨʮһЦҲ֮ͻȻһָһָһֻץŵѻϣָϵӫӿѻ֮ϣʱһð˳
ʮһָµͬʱеһڣװ޺ͰͿ֪˼ҶǷǸ֮ˣʱڷһƤɳȴһӣֻڿǰһźƲƵĶ澹ȻӰ
ӰʮһоѻȻѻʮһһָ֮ð̵ʱɳϹۿŵͻȻ䡰һȻ˫ۣˤڵϲͣķţ
ӽΧʱ򣬸ոսӲȴǷӵѪѾһ룬ŵӣǶؿԷۿǺںĺڶŵֻȶʼˣ
ȥʦӴİţ
æȥֻǻδ̤ţֻһ

ֱũɱʱĲҽҪһ򱶣Я}ĻŵģͬʱҲȫѭȥһ֮£ǵһСĶѾоӿˣȻˣ
ֻǴʱ˿ȴûȥЦӵˣԺʱҲȥԷѾ־ˣ
ֻԭұ۾õӣһ̣ҲѾۿķΧмҲ֪ǱʲôճסˣȻʹൽ͵λûûеȥ
Ϊ˶ĻѾ·ˣǰǲΧֵ֮һӣб𺳵ˣôĲֹ˰ɣ
æҵĻ̌ʱһΪԷ⺧˵ӵʱ򣬷׷״¿˻ԼˣҪȥһأһԺӰô죿
Ȼ߷һУԶʿ԰֮ڵŸǵʮһ˵ѾԤϵ˵ģղѻԼʮһǾԲģοѾһаˣ
ΪҪʹַҪһٿҪýĶ۾˵Ҫһֻ۾ĻҪһֻĳ۾Щ۾ȫҪǸո뿪ýģ
Ҳ˵ǱͨѻԼļһɱʮֻϵѻҴʱ˿طʮһϥȥ룬֪ǸҪ֪ʲô˭϶Ǹֵˣ
ʮһһ仰û˵ǾֻһЧǾʴڵĻǣһһĲ䲼֮˵ľӶﵽĿģ˵˵Ļǻ̲סҪƣǾͻˣҲһĻһЩѣ˵ظǱԲȥ취ģ
ʮһ֪ǣԲ󺺸յʱѾˣȴû˵Ϊ˵ͲǸ£
ոʮһƽԷָɷָȥһʽʵҲȷʵˣרƽһЩаģ𿴸ղʹúƵģȴܴʮһһ£ڵʵĻҲʹΣ֮ͻݽߣȻϹѩ͵öǣǻܲþͲã
ղ֮ˣֻΪҪȸԷһѣĻһҪʰĻǻˣ


639 ״
ֻʩ˷ѻ֮ʮһ£ҸطˣҲһô͸ϵԼûһأ
һԵʮһôϯضʼɵЩʦ˵һȻдԵΪǺҡһͷԲȥˣҲѧŶԷڵϣԼĹһҲ࣡
ԣжʱ򣬾Ϳһе㷢εĳ棬ΪǵǰʮһϥǾģǶ˶ܲˣ˵ͷϾȻðỤ̋
ǵģͺǿװӰݵ˹ʱĳһģ
֮Ҫ˵ǾѾֻ̤ѧ磬ʵƷʦĸˡ
ʱȴǿӺСǿͬУʮһͷððܵӰŲģΪذǲͬģĸŨһЩʮһԶԾҪܶ࣬ҺΪƮİ֮²Ųģ
ʱ֮еʮһľѣԭڰĴͻȻоתӿ˺ܶ࣬ʼʲôֻʱţٶȺ֮ƣо֮ھȻʼ֮У
ֲԵʮһҪǿֹͣȴǷ⾭֮תͲԼƣ֮ڵҲƿأ
кǽҪ֪ʱǲɳģˣҪصĻпܻһΪ٣ʮһ˵ǾԲԵģҪ˻˵һʱվͺˣһΪԼȴǾԲԽܵģ
֮ڵٵתһ죬ƽҪһʱſɵվȻֻ˰ʱˣȻƽһ
ֻǣʮһΪתһͻͣµʱȴ뵽ȻٴתʮһΰôǸǵ尡ôԼһƿȨûأӦĺ֢ˣʮһҲֻܽԭˣ
˲ʲô˫޴󷨰ɣСǿǰһĻСѯʵֻȴǴһ˿ĸо
ôܣϴֹҲҴɩзСǿĹ۵㣬˵ʱȴͻȻıѾˣ漴ּ˵ɩڣϹСҲа
ҲûǰʮһǣʮһѾӦǣҲʮһҪĶȫˣҲһʱ˾ڲԶĬĬĿصľۣ
ڸ˵ĵʮһǲ֪ģȴǸоˣ˵ﲻһӵʱѾѹˣֻǵҪ˳ʱȴǷֺеƽʱһֻҲû̫ע⣡
ʮһ߾ΪҪֹתȥʱȴͻȻ䷢֣ԼȵĵĻָˣҾ֮תٶҲĽֱ󽵵֮ǰһ
ǡôʱٴתһʮһæչȻ͸ϽԼڵ״Ƿзʲô쳣֮ǰͬĵطĺ°˵ǣû鵽ʲô쳣
ֻʮһûзǣһתʱתٶҪʱģ
ʮһ۾ʱ򣬾ͿһԵȻҲţⲻЩȣ˵ŮǽԼĶأȻÿһ˶ϯضе㲻ѧ
ϴˣ㽻ĶǶѾˣʮһʱ䣬Ѿһȵ˹лӣ
ڸСǿҲ˹ҲģСǿļϻһ˽
ȫɣʮһŵĶָһԵĿյ˵
ѾԼҪĶȫ֮ʮһվһԼӸղŵ𾪺͵֮лϾȻҪ²̫ѣʱǱҪרĵģһ̬⡣
ͺһ˽ݷ𣬿ȴͲз𣬻˵ΪԸȥĻҲǰװݣٶǮҲûжõģ
ȻҲڰе˵һоҪԵˣԵִӺζȻǮˣ
֮˵Щֻ˵ʲôݷҲãҲãһҪĳϣνĳ飬ûеģ


640 ̳
֮ʮһڷŰ˽λվŵѰ̣ͣıţʱ䣬ʮһий°ڷһ°˽ڷź֮󣬾øվһԣ
ʮһһԵˮϴһ֣֮󣬽Ѱ̰ڷӵһǣֶ۾һ
˶֪ʮһڸʲôȴ˭ҲҴţΪԼ˵ӰʮһϾ£ڳ֮ˣʮһ֮⣬Ҳ͸жһ㣬Դʱڵȫ
ûѯʵĿ⣬ﶮʮһͰʱ䣬ǴˣȻżУǲడǰûעԴʱֻûȫעĿʮһ
أԼȥһҵʱ䣬͵˵ȵĶһĵʱһֱʮһͻȻ䶯ˣֻһʹڳ˾Ǿһڿʼ
̳
ʮһߺһ֮һ죬ֻץУ˫ַۣץŶķݣ¯֮У
ûȼɣСǿһЩɻСһԵѯʵ
ǣҲȷϵĻشȻǶ˶ֻ㲢ûеȼȴǲţϾǲΪʮһ᷸ôͼĴ
̻ƽ·ʵʱȴֻʮһٴδһ
ʮһĻ֮һԵһӣʮһָķ򣬽װĶ˳
еװĶʱһߵȴǾĿһصɳӣΪʮһŪأ漴ӺСǿͿбӵ˲ˣⲻôôһСأ
ʮһȴǸͲܱڸʲôڸɳ֮󣬲ţʳָָͻȻ
û˶оȻôûķʮһиĳֻ⳪ȥУ
飬飬˷飬˷ںηѺСۣڤйж˺Ӣϣ﷿Ҳʧй٣˲Թƽ
ʮһһ֮󣬱ͷĿ̳һֱߵɳӣǹһ֮ûзʲô仯
һĻ֮ʮһûżĻţⱾԤ֮еģֻʮһӻóһûֽƷִӻȡ
һרڤģֻڻַ˻Ѿûˣͨطͨģ
˺ĿУʮһȡǰСĵĴˣ˿Կŵĺָ׺ͷɵиӵĳԾɻ
ʮһŵָ׺ͷСķȡϣȻ˹գ֮䱻۳һ˽״ͼ
ֻʮһ۳ɰ˽״ķֽһףֱ˦ɳ̳ɵ·ϣȻڿбȻȦ֮ӳķһ㣬һȼ
ۣ
ű۳ɰ˽״İָ׺ͷķͱȼˣ
˷ϣڤйǰΪ֮ܺˣйǰϣʮһٿȼҼҪȼճɻҽ֮󣬿бٴ㲻ɫľֳı仯

Ȼһַ磬˷׷׶۾ˣΨʮһûУ۾Ǳ紵ڿ֮еѩȴûһ㿴ѩ飬˫Ķǰɳ·
ֻʮһſһ֮ȴǲɵٴüͷе㲻Ծӵİ
ʮһʱܴķȴʱͻȻ䰲۾ȴǲûзʲôͬĵطֻܱĶӺȴڸǣȷʵжڸղŷǱ۾ʱ
ͨˮ·ʱʮһһȣһԵĸоϴӾ֮лһװˮˮͰֱ֮ǰ̵ɳ·ϣ
һ£ֿˣˮȻûɳڣǷǳĸɳӵϷܲ˾ȣȫ볣ʶֻûǣڸóˮһɲǣʮһ˫һָ˳ȥ
ͨˮ·̺ãйǰʮһֱַָֽ֮״ֽ֮ϣ̧͵¶ȥ
䣡
һ촫ֻԭƯɳˮȻ΢΢ðݣͺˮеʱƵģ˾治ѣ


641 
ȻⲢʲôתۼ䣬ֻоһСǿоʲôſĲӺ洵ƵģʶתͷȥȴʲôҲûз֣
˾Ϳˮ֮ϾȻһһĽӡǵģǽӡҿƣȻʮһڵķȥģǼ˶Ǿ˵ˣǴʱ˿̣˸֮⣬˻ǸоеԽܣ
Ǿȵ鷢ˣʮһȻ˵һ˵Ի
ңһʮһĶ֮С
ʮһǰͷϳǣ˫۴ͭļһпһ£ôˣѵˮеĹ
ˣСӽеƹˮй٣ʮһʵشԴͨˮ·̳һ֮ʮһѾȷˣµϸӦˮеģ
֪ҾǴˮйǼһģ˽ȥȥˣǵһǲͷİ˵
ĴˣСһѣϸ϶죡ʮһҪǿʵ͵λȽǿϣһƳˣֻˣҲò˵
һ˶ѣõŽбǰǺ֮󶨻⵽飬ȻдģԷǲ˵ƺʮһΪСͰкǲޣ
˻СţˣˡСӲͬĹ۵㣡ʮһǰһӻͿӣ˲ʧĸɸɾϵһɫ
Ȼ֪˭㻹˵ĻΪҲ֪˼Щ飿ɱˣɱ˻ɱЩ㹻ˣţǰСӾȻĹ۵㣬ͱˣͺֻܴ۾ɵĸӵĴˣ
ǷܹͶ̥˵Ͷ̥ʱĽһֻأͲͷˣΪЩҪһǰᣬǾҪ󣬿ǰͲڣΪǲôȥģʮһҲ˿ʾ·ԼƵģϱȶţ˻ҪӲ
ŲھͰץظȥѶţʵɫĿʮһ
㲻ôģʮһЦһ£֮ţ
һԭ򣬷Υ涨ҲҪ𣡡ţǳ׵ķŭˣ˾ȻһٶĴĵߣ
ˣϵӡǣʮһ̧֮䣬ţˣ֮еâ˸΢Ĺâ
ϵõģţôҲλһӵĶʵҲʲô鶼ȥ鷳˼ҵģʮһţڿԼеӡʱĻԼŵɫʱ򣬾Ѿ֪ԼһζĶˣ
Ҳȷʵϵǰ㣬ڿʮһеöâǵӡ֮ţ˵͸ı̬ȣȻ˵ǱϹϾôţȴҲû֮ǰôǿӲˣ
ţȥʱʮһһ仰˵ǽҹʱ֮ǰǸϸ׵ץģ
ʮһԭҪֱӰѶԷץߵģתһ룬ҲʹӦˣһǶԷӰѾʧˣΪҲ֪ԷֻܲܵΪĻֱץ˰ɣվҪȥһµģܹöԷ֮ǰȥѯģѾǺѵõˣ
ţ뿪֮ʮһжһЩңϾδ֮ǰظǲȥѯǲԸԤԷ
Ҳ˵й٣ͺñķһ㣬˷Ը̷̣ȴǲԸ̷
ʮһһ⣬ղŴԼԼǧ򲻿Ҫţ˶Կĵ׵˭أȷԲڳ֮еһԱ
ҪǣͷԼеŻԷ˵ǶԷӦҪȲ֮£ʮһҲֻðնԷ˵ȥ
ô˵춼һжˣʮһе˽ʰ֮˱һɽ·ȥ
ϴ󣬽ˣɱ𣿡еʰһ֮󣬼æнӵӺСǿݹʮһЦѯʵ
ʲôʲôнˣʲôɱǲϴ𣿡ʮһͷŸУĴȤһ£
ģҹʱͻˣһҪȥμǸʲôǮ˾ٰʲôᣡʮһһı֮ЦĶԷļ˵
ϴ̫˧ˣмæһƨ˹ʵϴ󣬸ղǸָ׺ͷ˭İ
೤ĸ׵ģʮһĻص֮ǰɵʱȥģϾ۵жǱӰȫ


642 ֲЦ
ղšʱһһֱû˵ȴǳ˵ֻ⻰ȴֻ֣ȫˣڵ˵Ļأ
ֻʮһȴ֪ǲ˵ˣŬԼȥ˼ά֮кɻʵ˵ղй滹Ǽ٣
ţʮһĻ֮Ӧһ
漴ʮһָкСǿҲһڴĿԼҲ;ˣ
ղȷʵǵظйˣһһй٣˭ͲˣѾӦˣҹʱ֮ǰͻµظҾֻܺ˵Щˣʮһ򵥵ĺͼ˵һ֮ͣˣ
ɽʱѾٽˣʮһûкһȥԷǽинĹشЩȫķУϷһ˶ʱҹ˾֮ʱʮһǴӷ߳
ûнκˣʮһ˷棬һ˳ʱûţһֱţϾ󲿷ֵķȫڱϣʣµҲֻȼŶѣΪܹԱʮһǾʱţպõʱΪæң
õڶգʮһʱ͸ѾڴˣʮһȴǲӺСǿˣ
ϴӺСǿˣˣϾҲһֱǣһ֮Ҳף೤˵ǹԼĻˣмʮһվʮһ˵
Ҳûǰ೤ǰУʮһʮһ˵Ļ֮иеһĸо
һҪ𣬱Ҹˣ˵
öԣ߰ɣǳԵͣȻȥƵɣǽʲôڵģҲȥ㿴ʮһ˵ͷ˾ȥ
ϴǼһҴ绰˵һǰҪȥİҪֻȥ㿴Ļ𣿡ʮһĻԺ󣬿ʵ
ʲôòõģϴѾˣһҲֻһһȺķˮʦԲѣʱôͬڣЩʣܵ͵͵һЩĺãʮһæ֣ʲôЦͷҪǰһǵʲôţ˵ĴԼǺΣգ
ϴǫˣҶȫǳԷȥɣʮһ˵Ļ֮Ҳ֪ʲôһЦʮһĸ첲ȥʮһȫβˣʮһΪûͻȻɶˣǴһ˿۹⿴ˣʮһҪײǽĳ嶯
׾ףңĳɺͳʮһ˿һ˵
Уװ绹˵һ˯أкǲмĶʮһʾ˱ӣ󲻹ʮһŭתǵľˣ
˳ھƵʱѾʮˣԵȺھƵſڵӦ˵Լ˵֮󣬾һŮ߹ˣȻ˵УкֻĬĬСѣ
ϰ͸λѾˣӴСʮ¥һ棬ʮһС˵󿴵ʮһͷֱ֮ƿţ˽ȥ֮Ĺţ
ȥһţʮһĸоͲɵĺһΪģΪ֮ⷿھȻѾˣģ곤ģеģŮģȻʮˣ
ʮһҲû뵽һֻ԰ڵһжȻôͬǰҷȥֻһۣʮһԲоȻûһƭ˵Щ汾µģ
תһ룬ҲˣؾҪҲҪѰ˼Ѱ˼ԼǷǸڶķˮʦ֣
ͬˣ֪λôƺʮһվ֮󣬴һվһλԼʮ꣬Ũü۵ӣʮһǰЦʵ
ʮһǴзˮЭᣡʮһʻһ۶Է֮΢ЦŻص
ŶԭϰѾλˣλһʮһ֣ɫɵñһ£æʮһ˲Զλ£ӸǷԸӣʮһ͸Ҳһͬ£
ʮһ֮ЦŶ˵лˣ֪ôƺνֲЦˣȻ˼ҶԼôܵôԼҲʧ


643 ְ
ˣճһ֣΢Цűȭ˵
ʮһͷԼλúһ㲻װΪλþλһ̫һЩҿһ̬ӣټǶһֻ۾ʮһԶ϶˾ǻӽȫϰˣ
ֵ˴ԼһСʱңʮһֽʮ֮ϰǰϵһֽƺڱȶʲô󻺻վһ˫С۾֮зžĹâһ֮Ц˵λˣڸҲѾˣҲ˾ϯǵ˳Էʱ䣬ǾȳԷɣȻٴλʦȥһĶӣ
ϰԼȻҲżǺһ˾ͷԳԺȺˣʮһǣһˣһ˫۾ͺƵģҪ֮в֮⣬ּʮһͣ´ʱѳˣ
ϾԶǼ˵ĶƷʦʵһģ
ʵҲǣֻʵ̫ˣ޵ʣǶڶ˱һ˺
һںʮ˸ϰŶҲʮȥһ·һڵʮĲ㣬ʮһЩȣⰲʩǲһ̫ˣ
УһֽϻʮһСֹʹʮһЩǱϾֻͨıڶѣмܸôһģ
ʮһ˽뷿֮󣬿ǰ԰һķ䣬һٸпȻǺǽϽ̻Ի͵ģ
λʦСⷿţ˯Ѿ֮ˣֻżôһΣܶҽרҲˣֻȴûʲôչԷλʦˣһǷǲСĵķϰָһŵķŶ˵ɫҲһЩ
ڶпУҲǲɵЩΣ˭ضʹģ
ȻһȺˮʦһȫȥˣ̼䣬ֻʣʮˣȻʮһˣʮһȥЩ˷Ӧʵ̫ˣͺʲôƵģ
ֲȥ𣿡˼䣬һ˹ЦŶʮһ˵
֪ǣʮһǰɫ׾絶ӣɻʵԼ񲢲ʶ˰
½ֿܻʶңֵĴȴ׹Լ֮һ㣬ӡСܵԺ֮У½죬ʮһѯ֮󣬾Ϳʼž˵
ǺþòС½϶̸ʱһԱ߲˽תͷȥ½¶һ˿䱸ɫʮһȴ±ˣ˭Է˵ôʶԼ˼أ
ԣڷˮϣֵķɿ۷СֻܰȴֻһΰǲֿܲǵСܣǿʮһ˫֮еãȻæ͵
ʲô½𿴵֮󣬺ǲˬʵ
ʲôʲôãҾͲ˵Ŀĺһñǿڿ½Ҳѹ֣Ҫ½߳һͷˣʮһĿһ£ôһ׾ˣ
ߣ½Ļ֮һȻ֪Է˵Ŀʲô漴æʮһ˵֣Ҳȥɣ
ԶԶԣ֣Ҳһȥɣö˶ѾȽȥˣʱҲǼæ˵
ʮһһˣвͬʱһЩ˭Ҳ̫˰ɣû˵أֵĽˣ˶ϲ˷Уͱʱʮһֺǵĸ˽ȥ
߽֮ڣǰѾΧˮйͨĴ齣ʮһüͷ΢΢һ£ЩôΧŻҽκöԷֻԼҲ˵ʲôϾ˼ϲվ˼ҵȨֲļң
ʮһҲȥҲżΧⷿĴһ˵ȣʮһǺĵŲվһҿţ
˲һҿԽύģ˵һңǼǼ壬Ҳܱ֤ߣҪ֪ǿкܶȫˣֻû뵽ξȻʮһҲѣ½һԣһܣֲע֮С˵
֪ζҪϵԼүӰ֮ǵĵλҲһĪı֤½ĻҲǱʾͬ


644 ֮
Ǿһģչ˵ĺúõģȡ飡ͬ˵ཻһ񣬷ǳЦˣ
˵Ļʮһǲ֪ģΪʱĵĹ۲ⷿİװޣΪϰĶǳʲôĻôҲض䷿йϵΪڸղŽԴǰʱûиоκεĹ˵ʱǱ˵ΧģⲢжϣ
οʱϴʮһڹ֮УѾǴﵽһµĸ߶ȣʮһţƷʦҲһô
ûбаϰ˵ģҽСҽԺרҲǿˣȴûеóʲôۣǾ˵ҲǼʣµҲֻһˣǾǷˮ⣡
ν׳ȥвܵģôʣµҲпܵˣֻˮֱַ֣ܶʮһ֮ԻΪǷ⣬ܼ򵥣ΪֻΧ߼·ѣ
ʮһΧŷһȦ󣬱վ˷俿һǽǰ澲üͷ΢΢ƺʲôһ㣡
ʱϰҲǴ֮ǰӷڵһڷˮʦ˳ڴĿˣϣиվһ𰸣ֻҪκӣǮ𣬱Ͼôһӣ
ʦ֪ɷ񿴳СʲôԭµĻ˯ѣϰ忴ǰһλͷе˵ͷѯʵдһڴĸо
־ɵָź룬һ£һɬԼҲݺ˰뱲ˣȻʮˣһǰ̤ƷʦĴţҲ̫仯ֻǣ׻˵ҵרһרעڰǨ֮£ʱСҲ˵
ǣ˶һص㣬Ǿ˵Ҳ˵ԼᣬǺ־ɳһ£ղŹǻ˵ϷȻһ뷨Ҳһ˿ɻ󣬲۶ϣ
ò˵־仰˵ĺܴҲû˵ҲᣬҲû˵һᣬֻ˵һ뷨ͬʱһ˿ɻѣ˭Ҳ˵ʲôοΪڳ˭ܹش
ϰȻֵܰزȻҲһǳ֮ˣ־ɻе˼ˣ˭֮
˼ˣõĴҪ֧֧˵ףҪôǸɴֱӹϵҡͷʾû
͵ϰʧŵؽλﵽ֮˵ʱȴԴһŤ۽⿴ȺΧԼվŵɫͷϣ
ȻѧʵܸȤϰ岢ΪһսôǿⷽҲȻ˵˻ǰᣡ
Ȼˣϰ廹ǳòʮһȥϾ˵ĺ̨һӲѾôˣ˵Ļظһ飬Ȼת뿪
֪ɷ񿴳СΪʲôԲѵģϰһʵ
ϰⷿͼԽϸԽõ֣ʮһûлشϰ⣬Ƿһ䣡
ŶϰʶΪʮһ˵Ҳǲ֪֮ģתҪߣǾתŸҪ̤һ˲䣬ȴǷӳ˹תͷʮһŵʵղ˵ʲôͼ𣿡
ţԽϸԽãʮһֻΪԷûѣҲû⣬ֻظһΣ
ͽϰʮһĻ󣬼æ绰ˣȻ͹Ҷ˵绰ʮһȻʮһֻǹҪһͼֽˣվǲһĲ
ʱ䲻ܿͼֽ͹ˣʮһӹֱ֮˵̺ϣϸĿķˮʦʮһҲǷ׷״ǰҪܷͼֽϿʲô
ʮһ˫üĶǰͼֽһԲ֮վŷΧȻΧôˣɵøеȣתϰ˵ϰ壬мڹӵҪѯһ£
ʣϰһʮһлҪʣͬʱһЩڴ
ڻ֮ǰǲǻһЩ֢״ʮһһºʵ
֢״ϰһº˫ü˰죬˵ûʲôİ
һϰ仰ڶˮʦˣ˵ʮһԶ۸ʲô֮ͬ伵ʵģôһַˮʦʼ䳰ȷˣ
УΪʲôأ
˼ҿţˣҲ˼ֻǶأ
ϽˮȵĵҲô


645 ܻ漣
ǾǣϽҲûʱ䣬ȻĻȥ϶ǿ

׻˵ԿηЩһһĻʮһǲںֻûʵ˲ϲԼأ
ֻںȴҲں½ȾͲͬˣֱӶ˴󺰵лʲôôôǵʱһ֪أ
үʵүڻ֮ǰкܳһʱ֢״ģֻʱүæ̸һʴ⣬˭Ҳûи㣡ǡڴʱϰһλǹܼģ˵
ʲô֢״ʮһæ׷ʵ
үʱһµʱ䣬ÿ춼ͷ۵ҪҸǺܶζΪͷʹεˣϹܼʮһ֮󣬿һϰ壬Էͷ֮󣬻شʮһ⣡
ңֻ׬ǮˣҪһʼ֪ĻҲˣϰϹܼ˵Ļ֮Щڵ˵
ϰһмӣʵʮһϹܼҵĻش֮ȴһϲֻҪû£¾û⣡
˵Цˣȷʵֻôһӣ˵磬ַǳټЩһֱæ׬ǮҲûŽ飬ΪֹȻ겻СȴֻôһӣϰȻ֪ʮһ仰ʲô˼ĳɹʿһǶŮһȺһǼ첻ƮƮֻȴͬǳش
Ǿͺãʮһ˵ͷЩζĿϰһۣû뵽ϰ廹Ǹ֮ˣ
ʮһת֮ǰվǽǰŹͺͺǽ棬ϰ˵ҿͼ滭ģ֮ǰӦһ𣿡
ǵģֻǺΪС˵Ÿܲÿ͸ˣϰʮһĻش֮һºش
ǺǣǾͺðˣϰ岻֪ɷ˵ĻʮһЦˣ󾲾Ŀϰ壡
ţϰһ֮ĵһͷ˵
Ǿͽ˰ˣǷһЩĶ˿֮ĽƷȻɾҪٷţʮһ˵
ʮ֮ϰѾǽˣһУ˺һŸ˹
ŵĶʱ˶ǵһʮһое㲻˼飬ֻ⾪ȴ볣˲ͬ
˷ڵϵһȦ˿ʮŶӣһӣҸΪҪǣȻһ꣡
˾Ϊû뵽汻ʮһ˵ˣʮһȴΪû뵽ôණϰӾȻܻڣֱǲ˼鰡
ɾ֮ǷˣֻǼסǧڷŽһļϸƷˣʮһпһº󣬶ϰ˵
һҾԼ飬Ȼϰ弱æӦɲӰҪǳ˵ʲô⣬׬ٶǮҲûʲôð
СĲͿ𣿡ϰӦ֮ɻʵ
ûл֮ǰȻԣôףʮһһϰ壬˵
ڿô찡Сһϰ⻰Ǽץʮһ첲˵
ϰһָ֮ѪɺãʮһƵϰץԼ֣ʵ
úúãζУϰ弱æӦӦ
ڷźó֮ʮһ׼õëʸҪ±ʣ漴תͷ΢΢һЦһӰ˶ˣǳȷӦʮһһȭ˵λͬбˣѵǵĹ𣿡
һӣ˲ǷӦЩԸ⣬û취֮ͬǻ֪ķʱ֮ǲԹۿģҲֻεת뿪䣬ϹܼҴȥ֮ǰĴȥˣ
ֻʣʮһ͸Լ˵ʱʮһſʼʻʮһպһ½Ⱦϰ徫Ѫëʣڻֽ֮ϻգۼһǳɣ
ô򵥾ͻˣϴ󣿡пʮһͣˣɵʵ
ǻҪôģһصĲɣʮһ˸һۣ֮ǰʾЩ뿪Ϊ͵ѧΪǿԼĸ߳ĳɹʣȻ˵ԼķֻһŶƷķԼҲƷʦҲܳɹʰٷ֮ٵİ
˷ΪѪ֮ͨѪҺϵҷ֮һĻǣȴڲصģϰĶӣԾΪͷʹѶܵЩˣʮһˣأԲŻô˷


646 
ϰ壬㽫˷ճɻҺһˮӷ£Ųһʱͻˣʮһϰн֮󣬽ۺõѪڷϰ֮˵
ллƴʦллƴʦȥհ죬һᶨúõлƴʦϰл֮תˣֻһգ۵ʱ䣬ȻƺˣƴʦõʮһҲеͬʱлǸоģ
ϴ󣬸۽զ£пûˣʮһ˵ȷʵǺ֪ʮһôЩģ
һһ˵ŻкܶҲ֪ģʮһЦЦȻһ˴õطȥ˽֮󣬶ʱеĿȫеϣֻȴ˭Ҳ˵ֻ˸طˣ
µʱ½ȴǼæлΪҲҪ֪أȴ֪ǶнζҪҪֻǽύʮһˣ
ԶºҲûҪѯʲôӾͺѧʱǰʲôױʦ֣Ȼܵ˿ŵλƵģͰô򵥣
ʮһҲû⣬ΪʱȻʵȴӿ˼Ƕı˼Դı뿪Ҳһʱˣ˵ʱУԼһпеʱ䣬ǻıһ޷˼
ԣ֪ʮһ˶ı˼ˣ½Ǹ
ƾԼԶȡĵٶȡһЩʮһе뷨ĬĬĸʮһԺǻҵ˼ͻȻӿһĸоָоǵһγ֣
ջضȡĿʮһһ֮㲻˵ˣҸղȡʮһҲֻǳںѣģԵ㲻ٶȡˣ
Լ뷨ˣʮһǲ֪ģ
ϴ󣡡ʮһеĺһ˹һ۸ʵôˣ
ϰˣأҶüˣϴû°ɣָһЦеϰ˵
Ŷû£ʮһӦһ󣬾վǡôʱϰѾߵԣδʮһӦһӾץס˫֣ͨһӹȥ
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ʮһҺ÷Ӧ죬δһأ˫ԷϰһֻܵǿڶԷһλ׵ϣʮһܣΪģֻΪҲиף
ϰˣģû¾ͺˣʮһϰеĲ֮ɫЦŽ͵
дʦ֮緶ʮһĻ֮󣬳߹Цűȭ˵
Цˣʮһæ֣ʦɲԳƣ
֪ɷ񷽱ҽһ¸ղôģڳͬҲѧϰһ£ٴЦ˵ܶˮʦҲ˵
ѧϰ˵ֻ˵һоһ£ʮһòĻһ䣬˵ע£ߵ֮ǰʱϰλñϣվ
ԭϰҪúõĸлһʮһʮһĻ󣬱ҲȲˣҲһķˮ
ȣλ֪ģǷˮһ˵жʮɽðλĻһҲúԣҲǾݻҪõϣ𶫣Ǭϣ޶Լ㶫ϣһɤӣʮһͿʼ˵
˵ʱ򣬿еͬоҪˣЩʲôأʵصˣӦģԶӦģʮһ˵ʱһ£ΪֺܶˮʦѾóֽˣΪⲿһķˮʦѧģ
ǬĸУУ޴УŮŮҴŮڸλͬڷڹ۲ʱŷһȦ̶λ֮󣬷ִ˷λãΨһëҾվ￴˰죡
ظλҲǵãʱϰ壬ڻ֮ǰǷʲô쳣֢״ʵΪ¶˿ѭģҲõ˿϶˵ڻ˯֮ǰͷʹѣʮһ˵ʱ򣬳е֮ǰЦʮһļλͬиоһЩ̣ǲ˼


647 Ĺ
ֻʮһûĴ㣬Ǽ˵һʹϰǷֻһ϶Լе뷨Ҫ֪Ҹղ˵ˣöӦλŵоǳλöˣ
Ŷԭˣ
ʮһ˵ʱ̲סһγѵľһȻı飬˸Ǹܵඥһĸо
˵ܶѶѾܶˣӦ˵˵ͷӦŵľеľҲŻ϶˵н֮ĶʮһЦЦ˵
˵ʱ򣬻ϾѾˣֻһû˵ΪҪ׾ΪûҪʣ˵ûѯʵĻˣ
֣Сܻһ²֪ǷԽ𣿡˵һҲͶʮ꣬ʵֻһƷʦˣʱһЩŶĿʮһ
λ˵ʮһûΪԷʵʮһԼûвԸ֮з˱仯ǰǾԲôĸЩ˵Щģ߷ȴǺܺĵٸǽͣ⻻ǰ붼Ҫģ
ģ֪ΪʲôȷǸ֮ǰǴĵطأƺҲû뵽ʮһô˵
ģʵһСһĿⷿڷˮһѧУĹʵͨģǰߵҲζųĹʮһ˵֮Цŵ˵ͷ
ŶлˣĪ˫ʮһĽ֮󣬶ʮһձһȭǱԼ֣
ʮһҲû̫⣬ȴǲע⵽һԵԷ֮˫֮һ˿ײľâ
һ˵֮ʮһ˵һͷȥˣΪϰŴ˵Ѿ׼ˣŷӦԭʱ䶼Ѿˣ
ò˵ϰܻˣΪ˴ϾģûΪûаʲôæû׼ǵ磬һ֮ǰһ㽫˵綼׼ˣΨһͬǣϰܵ˸ʮһͬˣ
ʮһͬĻ½ټһ
֮ϰʮһһ£˵һҪúõллʮһ˵Ҫʮһǰ֮£ʮһҲֻˣ
ϰ뿪˷ֱһҲ׼뿪ʱȴǱˣֻϡһ˽
λߵʱϰ弱æʮһ˵λҪܵģƾԿڷˮ֮аģ
ȴ֪ʮһһߣпĵͬʱһ˿ƾϰ˵ƴʦλɣλǮɣ
Ȼϰָλ˽һʮһ
ǮϺãû뵽ﻹܼϴһ𣬺þòˣʮһԶһֱǮϣ˫ֱȭϹ˵ǮǺ𾴵ģϾһεŶĹһ֮󣬱˴֮Ҳһˣ
Сʱ䵹ǹķˮ𰡣Ȼû㣬һֱ㰡ƴʦˣ˰ǮʮһĻЩ˵
ҺǮʶҪǮһ·İҲͲҵĽ죡ʮһϰЩɻĿǣЦŸһ䣬ֻ⻰ĲǮжеʮһ޳ܣ˵
ŶԭʶǾ͸ˣϰ֪ʮһ˵滰Ǽٻһԭ˵˵
ϻˣǸӵ𣿡ǮͬжͷЩͷ˵
ɣСѾˣģҴӦıһֶٵģ鷳ɰһˣϰͷԱ֮ǰʮһǸʱҪغܶ࣬Ͼʵأοʵһģųǿ
ߣȻѾˣôҲͲȡεķˣͷһ֮Ǹ֮߰ɫҪ㽫ڶķˮʦһ߼ң
²ðɣҿԼӱǮģϰԭΪϼһĴأȴû뵽Ȼк󻰣ֻǶڶԷȴǲͬϾеķˮʦΪͨյģҪ˳ʲô⣬Ǿǻ㵽ϵģ
ҶǮȤȻ㲻ϣҾԼңһ˫ֱţ˭ȥʿ԰ˣԼվɣҶҳ
ͷĻʮһпһ£֪뵽ͷӦþǸԼŪϹ˫۵аˮʦĻϴˣ


648 Сϵ
Ϊʲô˵⿪ɽİأΪ⿪ɽûǸʵһƷʦɽѾǺܲ׵ˣ
û˴˵ˣȻˣҾֻܳҳˣͷһȦ֮󣬿û˵һ̧
ͷһ󺰣ͻȻ䱻ƿˣ˾Ϳĸ̧һܣϴʱһӣֻǿȥƺ״̬ǺܺãΪۿ֮ûģҲ˵۾ڶĿ
̧ӣʮһѾ϶ԼĲ²ˣǴСϵİ
ʮһ˼Ұ˶̧ˣҲԥһǰ˵˵ǸΪͶƣһа֮һ˫۵ˣǱСүˣ
ʮһĻ֮ڳȫһ£Ϊܶ˶ûʮһ˵仰ʲô˼Ŭأ
Ҳһ£û뵽Ȼӣǿ֮ǰԷǮ֮Ĺϵ񻹲ģҲû뵽ԷȻôŵĸ˵
Ǯȴƺʮһ˵Ļһ㶼⣬Ҳ˵̬ôվ￴ţͺڿЦƵģ
СӣҪϷһͣҾԻȥ䣡ͷԭЩ˼ǮǷ֣ڿʮһѱ֮󣬾Ͳˣʮһŭ˵
ȻҪͣҾ͸㣡һΪŰ⿪ɽռƣڶʹаŰɱֻѻаӢۻǣʹ벻Ĺ԰һҲҪһ㣬ȻаңҺܲˬʮһӣһɵʱ򣬸
ߣɣͽΪϷѾʮˣΪֱԴҪͽز˵ҵͽͷʮһĻ֮ĺֱӶˣָʮһŭȵ
ҪҸˣ㲻Ǿ͹ֲˣʮһȴͷˣһ仰󣬱ת׼ˣ
㵱ΪԼߵ𣿡ͷʮһľٶ֮˵ͬʱҽ̧£ʱһɰʮһӿȥ
ߣʮһȻ׼ߣûתأôῴͷľٶȻû뵽ͷôҪȴҲң˫ּٵžӡǹɰʮһߵʱֻʮһһ
ʱ䣬һӡ˳ȥǵ֮ϣʱ䡱һըһŨ̾Ǵڵĵð˳һԤʾҪһսˣ
ȻʲôʦʲôͽܣֻҪʦܹ̳ôаͽܣʮһ֮оԱ֮ɫĳŶͷ
ߣҪѿ֮ĪҪ˵ϷûᣬҪôͽݣͽԭ£Ҫôҽȡ˫ծͷǿѹԼеŭǹ˼Ǯϣ綼һĳȥˣ
仰˶±ˣ֮񣬶ͨ˵޹ʹǶڷˮʦ˵д󽲾ģ÷ˮʦֻ֮ʦųǶд֮ˣĸ˶Եģ
Եͷ˵ĻҪ֮ʱеķˮʦ˵ֻоͷҪֵģҲоʮһӦ˵ģֻȴûվϾ˭Ҳɵӣ
ͷ˴ˣôδЩ̫ˣǮԭǲھվģ⻰֮󣬻һüͷվ˳ʮһ˵Ͼ֮ԻҲΪһҵŻӦϰģһԭ򣬾Ӧһʮһ
ǮϣûǲҪܵĺãɽһôһͽܣȴСŪϹ˫ۣ򶼵˳ǲһʲôΪʦԺкѧ磡ԽСӱҸͷ˵ǣǮϵĻ֮˵ǽһһԺܶ಻ʵķˮʦʮһе̫۸ˣ
Ǯ⻰Ҳһ£ͷôһͽܵҲ֪ģǶʮһǳ黹һöԷµģԥһ£׼ǿбʮһ
ǮϣлĺˣСԼԽʮһǮϵԥ΢΢һЦȭ˵תͷ˵ɽǰɣֻǰ˾ˣ
ɽɫʮһȴһ˼ɶţôģϼһ


649 
ߣϷȲƽҳԲѷ֮㣬νͽ£ɽƢҲĿҪˣοͲһ˵֮ˡ
㲻˵Ҷͽֻ֮һ£ȷͽܵݣʮһǣһĨЦݣŶɽĨЦݱûǸȴǼһֹһΣÿһʮһҪ˵ʱ򣬶᲻Ծ¶Цݣ
ߣкֻܲҪҰݣͽ͸ҽӣɽʮһ仰һ£ӦЩЦĿʮһֱ׳˵
ã֪ͽôƺأС֮£Ҫ֪Էɣʮһĵ˵ʹڳĺܶ˶Ϊʮһɽˣ½ҲôΪģвЩɼ峤ǲǿˣһ̰֮˻ǿ˵Ǹպдɾ֮ˣ
ȴһֱһ仰˵ĮĿųˣǮǴĿһʮһ˵˭̰ţҪ˸˵ʮһһ̰ԻһڿˮԷϣôôһŶս
СͽЦɽûʮһԼͽ֣ܵΪǰʲôʽֻҪǮϲ֣Զˣ
ЦǺְڿҪˣҪ׼ˣʮһһ飬ЦŶɽ˵
ߣ֧պãݰɣֻҪݹҾͷһɽһ֧ʮһ
ˣȴ֪ʮһûн֧˼Ǵһ˦ֱӾͽ֧ڵϣһָЦŵĵϣ
ŸдһѰ̣
ʮһĺ֮󣬼æӱóѰ׸ʮһ
ƥˣʮһӹѰ֮ЦŶɽһһ֮ǰͬľӡתּѰ֮У
˷飡·ʮһһŷֿ磬˫ڵ϶һ£
ʱ䣬һ֮ټķ˾ǲһ˾ͿǾȵ°ͲڵϵһĻֻһͨɫԵƬϷҫ۵ĽĽѰзɳǵϿţ
ҫʮһ֤֮£ݣʮһ󣬵ȴеĴÿһ˵ĶУʹÿ˶һִʮһ˵仰ʱ򣬾ǵĶ˵Ƶģ
һݣҰЦԴδɱˣʮһһһ٣֮ǶЦİһ£

ʮһһݸոӱ̧һֱû˵ЦͻȻʹĴ֮ңģ
ѰȥȴȫŴֻͣڵϵЦϣȻһýһЩ˸ǿԿǵ˿ںǵϣⷿôõͱЦأ
Ȼ⻹˳ԾģǾͿЦϣֳһڣ˻δӦʱȴ־ȵĿڵڶ֮󣬽žһ˿ڳ֣
ֵǣЦֻڵһڳֵʱһȻûзһĺУֻϵıȴֲ
ȻûѪԽһЩĳһһ֮£ŷ֣ôڣЦϾȻһ˿ѪûУֱǲ˼鰡
Сӣ㵽ʹʲôס֣ɽҲǿֵһĻʮһŭţ
ߣʼ˾Ͳͣ£֮ǰСүʹ㣬ǱͽǷܵݣʮһȴǴһ˿ɽһۣ˵ĻǱ飡
ڶݣҰЦΪƣδѹգʮһƳһɽ֮󣬶ѾѵЦһݵף
ҵĹͷʦңʮһڶݰµʱЦҲǲٴμֻһȵһȴҪ˺ܶ໰ҲǸӵһЩ
꣬ԣ
Цʹһͷô˵𣬶лʯͷʯͷ֮ĦĴ̶ת
ʱڳڶˮʦѾǳ׵ĴסˣǰѾǵ֪ˣϾеķˮʦôģ󲿷ֵĻֻͨһͺܲˣ˵˭ܹ֮ͨһǶǾԵĴʦģ
Ȼɽҽˣ
ֻЦǧٿ׵һʹ֮󣬾Ȼһһıȥ⻹㣬Ц徹Ȼʱתţÿתһ£嶼ĸӵıһֱ֣ʱתȦ֮ڶˮʦʱ̣ʶٵ̲סˣ۵һ˳


650 ɥĲ
⵹ǵСʵΪǰ̫ˣ
Ȼ֮ǰѾһһڱСˣǵҲˣȴ뵽Ȧ֮ЦھȻʼðѪˮѪˮһģȻһ⣬Ⲣֵгɵ⣬ǽĩ
ĩѪˮЦȴĲûܵķΧֻǴʱﻹעһˣһȦ֮˵֮ﻹЦˣǻѪˮĩȴ֪ǰЩĩЦˣĩ֮ԼɼİɫĩӦñЦĹͷˣ
СӣҪɱ㣡ֱʱ˿̲ŷӦɽ̲סˣһҪʮһʱɽֻ۾ѾˣôҲû뵽ǰˣȻҵɱİͽ
ߣ㲻ɱǮҲǡôʱлعһ粽ɽǰ棬ֱӵס˶Էȥ·
ǮлȻһɱɽʱѾ׵ıˣﻹǮϵģǮϴһһƾ˳ȥ
ɱңƾҲ䣿ǮϵƢǻ𱬵ģɽȻɱԼԭʹʧͽǵ̼֮ͬɢˣӭ
ʱĸ̧ЦҲ˵ԶԶˣֵĿ̧ʱһ˵Цֻ۾ɵĴģϸд˾֣
ԭǾŵλƷʦ֮սʱ˿ȴûм˼ȥһۣΪǰ̫ˣǸûзǱѾսһλƷʦ
ֻǱûע⵽ȴʮһҲûע⵽ֻһʲôǰͽûأ
ʮһ仰һֹսƵģʱսһ˱ڶԺһ֮󣬸Էֿһξ룬Ȼ˴֮仹ڽ䱸ţȴǽתƵǱߵЦ
һԴסʮһ仰ҲǷ׷ٴνͶȥǾȵٴηˣΪʲôҪ˵ٴأΪ̶̵ʱڣʹǾȵʵ̫ˣ
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ֻڳÿһ˶֪Բħ˭Ҫ˵ħһƴģ
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ôܣô˿ǶЦĲҽģ

ʮһĻ£̨»һӺը˹Ƶģһһͺʮһ仰һͶˮеľʯһ㣬ʱ伤ǧˣˮЩˣ
ʮһ漤۵ԼдĲͣı粵֮΢΢ǣһĨ΢ЦҪľЧʲô棬ֻҪкģһᱻ֮ã
Ϊʲô͸ߴҰɣҲǸոմ֮˳̨ϵʮһɵôĺ仰ʱȫ߿ʮһǰôҲֱʵأ
ǲ˼ʦأʵǲ˵ҪǱʦų֪ˣ϶ҽյģʮһھͳ˸ѣ˵˵ѻ»Ĳģ
ŶʮһĻδһЩʧ䣬뵽˼ʦŵأܹ˵ҲȻˣ
Ǹλ͸ˣʮһһȭ˵к֮뿪˷䣬кҲǽһˣ
ϴղǸʲôҰɣֹ˺ĵģ߳ûԶоһѴʮһļϣٺٵЦʵ
֪ʮһб۾һ۸Уʵ
ţͷ
ղźɽƥ򶷷ʱ򣬺еˣʮһװģĵַŸУ
ϴţҸ࣡᲻֪ʮһװģæʮһԱߵһϣܵʮһ󣬸ʮһ
ϴ㿴𣿡һ֮ĿʮһϹЦݣ
ɣϴʲôʮһԸҲˣƸп
ɶ⣿𣿡пʮһһһֵâ󣬲ʵ
ܣʮһջƺվŶ˵߰ɣٵһᣬϰ͸÷ˣ
ƴʦˣٲҿҪȵĻлˣʮһδߵϰķſڣͼϰǵԼأʵҲʮһղΪҪλˮʦ֮飬ԭϰҪŵģֻʮһȴûͬ⣬Ҳ
ǲ˼ϰõˣʮһЦ˵
ҲֻǸողŵѣƴʦͱϰϰĽˣȫزƣĻƴʦͽˣϰæ֣ղǻҲֻǿЦѣʮһĶӣ֮ǰ֮ʱҲֳģʮһͨҲ֪ģ
Ա˵ǵȰʱˣǵһҲԸģû취ߵﶼӵģ
ǺðɣҾͲĽˣʮһбĳƺģһ£ûʲôɽеģжԷ磬ǿ϶ͬԼеģҲܲܽжԷزưɣ
ٺ٣õĺõģƴʦ룡زְʮһϽԼϵȥôҲϰ׽ܶɣ
ʮһز߽ڣԳƵݻķ䣬ҡҡͷΪɶǮ˶ְأѵ͵ͿǮ
ƴʦſδʦҶı֪꣬Ǯƴʦ˵ʲôһҪ£ֻҵһ⣬պֻҪƴʦҪزƵĵطֻҪһ仰ز㾡мҲҲΪȥģزƼʮһ֮󣬴Ӱȡһſ
ⲻðɣֻΪʦųԸģǮѾ˰ʮһѾزƵǰпԼѹŵһ֧Ʊ
ƴʦͱˣȻ˵еķˮʦ֮ǰҶѾǮˣ㲻ͬǧҪ£ٶǮҲ򲻻Сʦ£زƿʮһգֱӾʹɳվĶʮһ˵
ҪҲԣҪһµɣҾӵ£ʮһЦʵ
ȻƴʦˣҲͲҴˣ쿴ƴʦͨҪƴʦѣһӵ֣ҲԺʹʦΪλֵָܵ飬ֻϣزʮһĻ֮ԥһȻֻ˵˵žͣˣƺĻܲ˼Ƶģ
ֱ˵ҪԺѵʱϴܹվһ¾£ѾһԵĸǿȥˣӵؿһزƣȻһ̵ϣ


657 һƲӯ
ǺǣǺǣеĻزεЦЦǺܸлеģҪǶԷ˵˳Ĳ֪Ҫôڣ
ʵԺʲôҪĻ绰ҾˣҪʱĻһģʮһǰҲЩΣ
ˣҾˣʮһϵп֧ƱݸһԵĸУűû취ʲôϹƶɻң
ֻٽһ˲䣬ʮһ￩һ£۽֧ƱϺкܶ㣬ҿΪģͳźˬӣѸҲˣ
˿һزƴżȥԷʮһ˰죬˵ҪˣͲסزƵ飬ֻиһȥˣ
˸زһƵʱزƶ˵һ󣬾ȥкȥˣȻһԵķԱһʣ֪ԭҾƵ궼زƵģֻĲϵһѣ
ûǮˣȵʣ˵ʱʮһһԵĸ˵
ȷʵǮϴ֪ղϰ֧ƱжǮ𣿡е˵ͷȻͻȻĶʮһ˵
٣ʮһҲȤǼǵöģӦûмǧɣ
ƣָ쿪˵
ǧ򣿡ʮһ󿴼оȻҡҡͷɵɻ˵ɣȻ˵ҲܶˣļҵҲ̫һˣ
ϴڣҿĺһ壬˸㣡ϰʵ̫ˣкǼӣ
زƻʱ򣬾Ϳʮһ͸ڸ˵ĺСƣȴЩӵĿˣ
ƴʦҲ˵Ҫһ𣬲֪ɲԣزƶʮһ˵Ҳķˮʦ֮еģһƴʦԷ˵ҲҪ֣
û⣬ϰͣʮһν˵ǮҲԼ
Ǻã͸ǹزʮһĻתȥ˴绰ȥˣ
ϰ˽ʱʮһֻ۽һ֪˭ˣ
ֺãСܲҪˣ˾ƵģһʮһЦ˵
ô˵ٷϰͣʮһЦվ˵½һʮһȻ֪ʲôĿģҪһЩʲôĿǰΪֹȴûʲôԼĵطϾֻǿ˵Ƿˮʦ治֪زô
һ׼Ĳʱزٴԣλˮ֮Ц˵زǸˣûɶĻȫھˣ
˵֮زƾһһ˽ȥ
СݼˣزƶһһһСк˹ŷǵĲԶ֪ʲôʱվһʮСк
ݼˣСкܹ󣬶ʮһһף
ǣʮһæСкɻĿزƣ
ƴʦСӦģزЦ˵
ʮһ֪ԭСкزƵĶӣҲѹֲʶʱԼһȺ˸棬ûпЦ˵ûˣҲԵ㶫ɣԺҪúѧϰ֪𣿡
ǰʮһҲǸп⺢ܻд˵ˣպضͨˣ뵽ﲻɵý˫ۣ۲ֻɽԵ͵Ǻ׼ͷԲǿײ¶̨͢ξأ׼ͷƣ
ӷˮѧеһƵ࣬Ҳ˵һǴ󸻴󣬶һ֮
˵мҪһ£ѧУ˴ǰз°ͷΪʮǳ˵ӡþü֮䣬˵ɽӡ֮£֮䣬ν׼ͷǱͷ
׼ͷıǷֱΪ̨͢ξòǱ׼ʨӱˣо仰ô˵ʨӱǵģ
ɽԵƽ׼Ϸ͢ȫʨ渻һƲӯ
ԵʮһʱҲǱȽοϾ⺢Ժ˳
ֻǵϵһƺܵʱʮһüͷɵһ£ӻóһŷ͸͸һҪź֪𣿡
Слл壡زҲǰˣʮһһŷлԳ壬˳壡
лл壡ǸɴĽе˾һƬڵķΧг


658 ʮһĲ֢
˳Ժ֮ʮһزƵİ֮¾ʱסˣΪкʮһȫȶˣҪҹߵĻǲܵˣ
ԭ򣬿³֮⣬Ҳֻ֪ˣΪ֮¶ʮһ˶ȻΪڵ֧ƱȵȻɱ䣬ȴЩģھͼǸ
뷨ʮһ͸֪Ļһĺţô֪ǵʹ
ڶ뿪ʱʮһĶ䵽ˣӵ½һ˵ʮһҪȥУֱӾ˵ǵĿҲֻ֮һˣ
ھϹѩ˵ıһʱ䣬ʮһҲżȻͻȻѪһ·ȥʮһһ£½û޳һǹģôԶľȻ˵ȥǻ
½ҪƵʮһˣĻȥɣΪ˿ʱʮһ̣˳֮ʮһڴϱĿȫˣ
û취֮ǰҪúõоһԼڵô£ΪʲôͻȻŴžͺʧأº˸Լ˵ʱԼܹǵֻǼԺȴһоûУ
۹۱ǣǹۿڣڹģһߣܿʮһͽ״̬뵤֮ʮһһĵڵתһСĽļڵֻѾžתһˣҲûвʲô쳣
֮£ʮһ۾ͿԼĴϣһŴ⣬֪ʲôأƺĳֻ֮УſţʮһȻǰӰıһһ˲䣬ȻıһЩƣ
ıһÿһ˲䣬֮䣬ʮһȻг
ĺңʮһ˵
˼ʮһǶһ£ͻȻоһģɵȥ־ȻˮԼȻʲôʱ˶֪
ԭʮһҪúõȥھ֮вһ£ǷҳԭģֻǴʱҲûˣǵк½һ˿ˣе˳Զʱ򣬾ͷһֵľ
ʮһԼĴϣ˭Ҳ˭˭Ҳ˵ôԹԵŷۿ⣬һգգֻǴʱôһģʲô
ڸʲôأ½СŸʵ
أпһʮһڳһѻ
᲻ŵСѯʵ
İɣֻҪͲѵģôӰ첻һһģһʮһģ֪ʮһ϶ֺϴڻǴһأ˼֪ɵȥˣ
ȵʮһѹʱѾҹˣҪ֪еоֻôһ˻𳵣һ˵Ƥ𳵣ߴߴģҪʮСʱܵأ⻹ǻ𳵲ʱ䣬;Ĵ󲿷ֳֶ֪ӣϾɵƤ϶㣡
ԣʮһһʱ䣬û뵽ԼһǽʮСʱʱţͷͷϣҲ֪˯˻ôģ
ʱôϢľߣȵ˴ӻʱ򣬺лµĿ֮ǰõľƵסºʮһӱó֮ǰʣµЩֽ֮ϣ
Ϊڻϵʱھƪ£ƪеһ䴦ҵ˴𰸣
ֻǵ𰸵ʱȴǷˣΪĸֻ֣мֽͣ⼸ֵʮһʱ˵ĳ嶯ˣ겢û
ʮһһ̾ȻɣھǲֻĳɹһдģȻΪλôһ׵Ľأ
ʮһķԼھҵģûãԼҲֻȴҲֻܳһˣ
ԺھͶľʮһˢˢˢĻֻһòƳɹʾûôˣǰĳɹʣűȻһųɹģϾҲֻƷѣƷʦɹڰٷ֮ʮģ
ֻһȴһŻʧܣʮһʧܵķȫһӵһԣоһЩ꣡
򿪴֮ʮһóһķԼؿϣٴλعƽʱʮһձ֣ٴλһԺзӰ


659 
ʮһڵڱʼ⣬ʱʼϺ֮ⲻϽ棬ֻձʵֲϵĻţʱһ˷һϣ
ʮһΪһҪʧܵʱȴǼϹâ˸һĵָڷ֮ϣ󽥽˷֮У
ɱ
ʮһϵķ˫֮оâ˸г˵
СүҪ᲻ѸԼĻҲɱ˰ʮһеķֹţԥһºǾȻ˵ҲûʲôӰ죬浽Σյʱóһ£
ʮһ뵽ǾȲˣŷս˻У
Ϲѩ˵ıһµʱ䣬ʮһһһνͷģÿԼռⷽһЩ飬ΪԼⷽʵ̫ˣʡԺһٳʲôʶ֪飡
ֻǵʮһԺ󣬳֮⣬˶ᶨıʾԣʮһѯԭ򣬵õĴȴ̫ᣡ
Ȼ˵ϴα֮ͷѾɫ˺ɫŲǷһˣҪԶ޷ԽĽޣ
û£ҲϲأʮһȴǲţϵʱʮһŸСȥ˸طˣ

ϴһ𣿡пҪСʳȥʮһ̲סЦʵ
ûУģλشĲʮһûÿһʮһСʳȥҪţÿһλʮһԱߣ
ʮһĿһ˵һˣһ˶ûУǰ˵˵ǲ٣ֻÿһ˶Ǳȥģֶıˣ
ϴ㲻Ҫ𣿽ҲȥһƵҲûʮһļ½֮ǰѾ뿪ˣ˵ǼҲˣҪȥˣߵʱ˵ȼȵʱҲȥģ
Ϊ⼸ʱڣѾ֪ˣʮһҪȥģֻȥȥѣ
˾һȥˣֻ͸вʮһŸСʣһ·֮ʮһһһ۵Ľ䣬ûа취õλöˣôλãǵһǧǮأ
ʮһǲǾʹôһֱŵʱȴǿʮһӽһϸŵĵطóһľ壬ĸֱ֣ϣ
ϴֱˣпŵĴЦֱʮһǿֹסˣֻȴһֱ鴤ǣ
ǸӵƾʷĳУ˵ڹǾģҸһʻУ
ԣҹʱŸոе㰵ѾǵƻԻˣʮһһԼ·һԼӣٿһԼͺԥ뿪ˣҲһЩģôģҲҲȡˣ
Сӣ˵ôᣬҲѿͦƯģզͲѧأƭǲԵģӦÿԼȥ׬Ǯȷģ֪֪ѽСӣͻȻһ̫̫˹˿ֱϵֿ˿ʮһ̲ס˵
̣ˣҲƭӣ㣡ʮһһº󣬿Ц˵
ƭ˭أҶһˣһĶûУ㻹˵㲻ƭӣȻզûأָһʮһӣһСӾͺ˰ɣ
ʮһ軹ˣ﷭˸ۣ˫۶沿˿ЦŶԴ˵̣һһŮ𣿡
԰ô֪أʮһĻɻʵ
ĶӺŮӦûûиӰɣʮһûлشĻּһ䣡
ôҲ֪أСӣ˵˵ʮһ˵ˣɵȤֱӴһԵ̯λһӾʮһǰߴʮһô֪ģ
ҿİҲǸ˵һģʮһӣЦˣֱһˣеĲ±˲㣬ֻҪҸ˵Ϳԣץס֮˵һϸӦþеģǷˮʦɽҽಷ֮һѣ
ʮһһ㣬ִ裬Ƿǰ֮⣬ĵľʲôʱܱϸӣÿҵ޷ǾһȺŶŮӣȻûµʱȥ㳡裡
С㣬׼˵ĻǮ׼ĻҾͱץ㣡˫һʮһ˵


660 Ӣ黳
׼ǮԱ߿֣̲סʵֲһ䣬λʦ˷ҲרŸǮģ
ϺǣһĻģƲ˸һۣϵĵ̵ʱ򣬲ɵɫˣֱӾվһ仰ˣҲˣ

ʮһ͸пһĻȫ̲סһ䣬ֻ˵⻰ʱͲһˣΪоܵ˺ʵ̫ˣΪòߵİʮһΪòһȴǱиˣ
裬߰ǮˣʮһĵĶŴ躰
ûǮͷҲصĻһ䡣
ǮҲУѸ㿴һ£ʮһٴκѾݡ
ֻһȴһظûУ
ǺôҲƷʦ𣿾ȻѸ˿඼ͬ⣬ûˣ̯ȥ˯ʮһһ䣬СʾߣֻһȴǴС·ߵģΪ·ǱԶԶľͿ˺ܶˣʲôˣ
ϴްǰɣȥֵȥݳᣬҿ˵кܶŮģǰסʮһļһ˵
һȥϴʲôʱ޹Ůǣжʮһһ۸Ум˵
ģ밡ϴŮǰǶһһŮϴڵۣǹָͷĻϴ㵽ʱֵҾˣһ㽶ּ䲻Ҫ˵
Ϲѩı˵̨»ҪʮһбŸ죬ǵɪ˵۽ͻȻɨԱߵɵûЦſŸУҲЩŮǻɵС㻹ҪǾԲܵģ
ʮһϹѩı̨Ƚϵʱ򣬾Ѿˣʮһ˵۾ԼʱһӾסˣ
˺ð֮󣬸Ƿӳ˹æ˵ȻûŮˣ˵ֻǺһŮ˱ȽϣһŮ˱Ƚϣ
˵֮󣬿߿һߵʱһĵһѺ
ţʮһͻȻͣü󷽵СӣȻһƬû·ơ
ôˣϴ󣿡пʮһͣһ߿ȥɵɻʵ
ߺʲô鷢ˣҺȣʮһָСŸ˵
ȣǽȥһ°ɣ֮ѯʵ
ûȴʮһĻԺҲϸһ£󵭵˵
Ϊʵ̫ͣʮһûлͷֻʵػһ䣬֪Ϊ˵ʵˣֻӵж
Ȼʮһ˵ʵĻĿһʮһתȥʮһ͸Ҳںһ߽ȥ
˵Ĳܿ죬֮ǰеĲӶһ£ͷһʮһȻֱܵٶȺܿ죡
ʲôвʵ
˰ɣҲɣһĻ¾ˣʮһһҲ첽ֻǸʮһͷһ⣬ԼܵٶôôأΪѾգ֮ͳˣ
ѵ֮ܵٶȶˣ֮£ֻܶŸеıӰ˾ˣɱˣû취ĺһɱ˰
·;ǺԶʮһƾ賬Խ˵Կǰ浽˵˵Ӱˣ
ס֣˸յͶǰһͿǰЩһ£ʮһû뵽ǣоȻҪһˣѵǴ˵еľ
Сӣûʲô£ʶĻ͸Ͻһȥͷ㣡ʮһжһȺ֮վһλεĿӣŸк
Ϻǣ⻹һС椣ͦİǸվӣͻȻԭǿ˸ոոϵ
أʱȺ֮䣬ͻȻһסͣŬѺȵ
ðǸŮſȻҲˣһɫʱ
ǲΪ˭վǸӻеĵһ·ЦƵģ
ӣīʲô뵱Ӣ۵ɵ棬ȻԼ椴Ⱥ֮һϴģ˵ǡôʱʮһҲǸˣһǰ龰Էһˣȫǻ磬ڶԷм仹һд磬ȴѾ˺ˣԿɫŮ


661 ɺ
ȻΪɫԭ򣬶ŮòǻܹӦһŮ
үүͺúõĽһǣʲôˣеʱŭˣֱӾһ󲽿˳ȥһ˸ղվǸӵĸ
ֱӶˣҲҪ֣ȴǸоһӱסˣɵʶһתһֱֻӾճȭͷ˳ȥ
ȿȿȣô˰ʮһģû뵽ԷӣҲȷʵһȭܵܵģֻȴ˷Ľսȸֵʱ򣬼Ϊ㣡Ѫʮһ̲ס
ʲôҲû뵽ʮһΪĸĵͽأοõʮһսôһȭǸ
ҿһԲ𶼲˵ֻҪ㣬ôһˣʮһıֿڵģȴû뵽ôӵʱ䣬һ˵ΣһһŮ
ʮһĻֻعͷһ۸ǱߣѾʣһӻվˣɵٴתͷĻһŶ
ʮһ̵סǿѪû³һվ̲סˣһ̣˳ⴿģԼȻֻһŶ֣δе̫˰ɣ
ʱҲѾȫſˣŮԣԷ·Ѿ˵ʱ򣬶˵Լϵ·ŮϣԼֻһë
ûˣѴ绰ɣпǰŮͻȻок©˰ģֱŮ۾װ˵
ãҽɺȴ뵽Ůȴڴøе·󷽵˵
ɺڿϵĵ̵ʱǺܽŵģǲ֪ΪʲôڿпԼǽŵӵʱͻȻͲˣҪͶԷΪѵĳ嶯
ŶãҽиУһ£Ҳɺһ£ɺΨЦݵʱһӾͺˣæ֣ʮһȥϴ⼸һﶼʰˣ
Լֵ⸱ӣʮһиеοһǱе˰
һ⼸ָܱʹʮһԸһ䣬ڸк߸ɺЦ˵СãֵܿǺģ֮ǰǾأ̣Ϊ֮ǰڲӳʱ򣬱˵ģҲ˵Ϊ˵ģ
ʮһ֪ܶһԼ̶ֵẦ£ԵһȰ̺˹
Ҿе̵˺˧ɺʮһЦЦ˵
ʮһһ⻰ٿһɺϵЦݣпˣ׻˵Ӣ۾˰
ϴǶ˵ֻΪС㳤ƯͻȻģǡôʱҲѶˣ߹˵
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ʮһתͷһ¸УһûԼ෴Ȼӣԭ֮ǰ˰
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ĻʮһֻЦЦֻ֪ǳ滰ѣ鼯жţ֪֪ʵɺָճ׬ǵǮ˼һľͲں
˵һü𣿡ʮһص֮ɺ§Ÿеĸ첲Сѯʵ
ôʮһûֱӻشɺ⣬תͷѯʡ
Ҫ볪ĻҾԵ֧ʵʵ˵
ȻˣСôһأʮһɺʵ
ΪģҸǺϲģĻԺͻæҲ˵һط̫ãҡɺԥһº˵ҺԺٷƽ飬ҪܵĻһֱߣ
ȣСҪ˵ǣ֣үĻ鼯ŵĻƽǲٷģȻСҲǾԲͬģʮһ˵˳Ҳܸӵĵ˵ͷ
ΣҲϣҺһ𣬾ΪʲôҲ˵ֻ˵Ϊǵ̫ΣˣһȶҲٸĴ
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ͬϴĻͼְɣһһȶ֮ȥ㣡ʮһĻҲǵͷʾͬ⣡
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ʱԼ氡ֲȥʲôƫԶĵطֲڵĺӣһ̾Ȼޱȣ
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ҲǴţʮһĴߣһеʤżʱȴͻȻһգգĶԼɵɻʵʲô𣿡
ȥط𣿡ڶʮһ˵Ļи˾ŸѾôϡˣȻ˵Ǻ٣
ԣʮһȻ֪ʲôطѵûҪģԻǾȥһ£˵˷Ҳû¿ɸɣ


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˵۾ȴȫû˼ҸеֻǣΪصǣ΢ŵпԿüһڽݣ˫۾ֱ͸һ㣡
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СжûˣĻϳ¶ĵı飡
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̣ϾҸİҵĻҶ᳤ô󣡡ŬҪȰ˵̣ˣӦչ˼Ұ
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˵־Ͳһ𣿡ʮһתͷ
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ǿЦ𣿶ҹģ㲻˯ʲôʮһˣ
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ֱ̽˼ˣʮһݺݵĵһۡ
ˣ°ɣҲʲôصĶϹսЦžͽֱʷʮһϣ
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仰Ϲѩʵ
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ҲͬδϹ峤ӣ岮ôֱֻʻ𣿶ҵĵλûСүүôǿԻعҵŵ𣿡
ʮһķ֮Ϲѩסˣ˭Ҳû뵽ôԶʱʮһĻľúпܣϾ˶Ǵģ֪֮е
Ҹûе峤Ҳᡣ
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һ꣡ʮһ϶˵
У㣬ӣϽɾˣϹѩͷ˵ͬʱСĵĸʮһϵľˮ
ҪҪӦһ飿ʮһϹѩʵ
֪ҪҴӦʲô飬ǱϾ棬֤Լȫ𣿡ϹѩС˵ţʮһͷ֮󣬼˵ΪǴ򰡣ֻܶģ
˵أʮһʵ
˵ÿһļСҪ֮зֳģҲǸһ֮ıƴÿһҪģϹѩɾʮһϵľˮ֮˵
ȷʵҲڴʱ˵
Ϲôûбܴ𣿡ʮһɻĿϹѩ
ڵǲǣһڹңϹѩĵĿʮһ˵ʵ㲻õҵģû˸˺ҵģҲûм˿ʵ˺ҵģľͺˣ
ʮһҲ֪ΪʲôǾϹѩһαˣǿϹѩûκ쳣Եĵط漴ҡҡͷҲԼ˰ɣ
˸Ҫʱ򣬴ſڵλȴ߽һŮӣһŴ綼ʱֵŮӣŮ˫ֻһȥҪʮӣ
ʲôأѵҺÿ𣿡Ϲѩʮһ½ŮˣǲʮһĶ˵
ش󣡡ʮһû˵󿴼ϹѩҪ쭵ļ󣬼æĿ˵ģֻǾŮйɹ
شǲϹûû׼ǼٵأϹѩȴץ֮ǰʮһǾ仰Ͳſˣ
ģȴͻȻʵ
ϹѩɵѾͷȴǻûзӦʶľͻشˣ
ŶĻһ䣬ȻͼȾˣ
۸ңϹѩŷӦС˲ͺˣĿǲ˵
㣬۸㣡ȴǹһʽ˿еľƣ侲˵
㣬ҪǲǸŮ˾Ͳˣô򣡡Ϲѩ˵Ķʮһ˵
ãҵĴŮйʮһʹɱﵣһץסϹѩ֣ĳ˴Ȼַǳ˵
ôϵķҾԭˣҪҪ𰡣ϹѩǹɵӣͻȻ仰һתЦеĿʮһ˵
ģʮһһ£аЦʵ
Һе㲻ʣͻȻվ˵Ҫߣ
ҲʰɣϹѩݺݵĵһʮһʮһŵ֣һվ
ˣʮһҲǱʾֻöŷԱһˢ׼ˣֻߵſڵʱȴ֮ǰǸʹŮһ˵˯Ǹож𣿡
ǰô찡㲻˵˸ʿ𣿵׿װŮεε˵
СĺˣѾϵˣϾͻѾԼλˣǲԶǸͥƵ꣡ӼæСĴŮ˵һ£ɫе˵
ʮһ仰󣬲ɵͣ˽Ųתӣλãһ飡
һҪôʱȴбͻȻɵһüͷǿ׳Ŀʮһ߰˵˭ʶ𣿡
˭ҪҪǣ֪ԱλŮô£Ǹ˲һܰõǣʮһ˵Ȼ˵
У˵ǣ߶ôλŮˣ㻹ģҪСǲ̫ˣԭֱƿڴʮһģǵʮһϹѩʱ򣬾ʹ뷨ΪּŮˣԲһͨˣ
ǺǣˣҶŮѲȤҸȤֻϵֻѣʮһЦһ£ǴһϹѩվһ


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ǣΪǸ˾ϲ֣ϹѩҲһӾץסʮһĸ첲ʾȨƵģСۣΪǸŮһĵĶʮһأ
СѾͷûзȫذɣǸŮҲǼװźۼһϹѩزǳ߰˵
ʵϹѩ治СֻǸŮһȣСһͺţʶŮ֮Уֻıܺһƴˣ
λŮˣҳֻΪҵְҵҲĿһ˾ôֺߵλŮԱȵģȻô˵е㶾࣬ȴʵʮһϵվ˳ǰĴŮ
ߣŮǲһΪʮһ˵ȷʵʵϹѩû⣬òʣԱȵģ
ΣûϻѾ˵ˣһʦŮСƺúܲˬԴ˵
ʮһ߰ɣȻ˼ֺαأϹѩԷĻ󣬺ǲ˵˵˵Ҫʮһĸ첲ߣ
ðɣֻǼԵô˵һ仰Ҫ͸λС㣡ʮһҲ̾˿ŴŮС˵յ飬յծ֮һʹգ
£ʮһתȥֻ˲Ÿո߳Ĵţһ󼱴ٵĽŲȻһŮӵĽ
ʲô㲻濴λ˧˰ɣҹҪȥݲſˣϹѩعͷ޺޵˵
ѩ֣ʮһЦŹһϹѩСӣС˵𣿡
ʱĻϣϿһΣСʮһľһʮ˵
ʱ䣡ʮһû˵ҲûдӦֻ˵һģɵĻϹѩ˳һ·ȥ
Ҫȥ𣿡ϣϹѩһ߿ųһװĵʵ
ҪʱĻһȥ𣿡ʮһûлشϹѩ⣬װϵ
УɣϹѩȻ˵ţϸ˵ıȴǳʵ뷨
ᣡܺ²һ䣡
˻صƵ꣬ԭʮһҪϹѩȥģֻϹѩȴϻҪʮһһжΪ£
ϹС㣬ôҲ˰пʮһϹѩɵúʵ
ôģСﻹҪͬ𣿡Ϲѩ˭ǾһħŮеĻǷ
ЩǻһݣȻͺʮһһԵɳ˵˻ǲŮ˵ΪͲ岻ȥ찡ϹѩɺŮּҲ̫࣬ĵĺǿģͲһóʵŮˣ
ϴ㿴ţóֻһͷŸʮһ
ڵ½żɺݳ϶ҷԼ϶Խͬˣ鼯ʾɺѾǩԼˣʮһСţ󲻽ĿУⲻǶ֪ʲô𣿡
ûв԰㲻֪ϴΪε¼ɺˣкܶ˿Ϊ򱧲ƽأҡͷЦ˵
ǾͺãǻбĻҪ˵ɣʮһ˵ͷŸǶֵϵͣЦʵ
ʲôϴ㣬ɺѾյϢˣһ֮ݳỹٴξٰ죬ص㻹ֻǲͬǣεľٰ췽ǻ鼯ˣ˵ֳкܶ໪أ˷ܣ͸ƱƵģ
ãȰǼһصʱֵúõĺһ٣ףǵޱֵŮˣʮһĵ˵ɺп䲻ʲô֮ˣȴһһյŮˣԼֵԼӵķˣ
ֻһ㣬ʮһûк͸˵ǾɺлһδĽѣֻҪˣ˺ͻһ˳㲻п棡ԣӻóһŷڸвУ۳һԵ״СһöͭǮУȻݸ˸У
һϣŮѴڲϣϴʱ򶼲Ҫ
ôϴǲʲô⣿нӹ֮ĵĵʵ
ʲô⣿ְֻҵѣ֮һаǲҿˣʮһ˸һۣ˵
ʮһôһ˵ҲͲˣǸõĵطʮһ˵ʲôţȻһʮһûк˵ʵʮһҲֻǲĶѣ


675 ļ紺
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ŵʱʮһֻͻȻˣóһ£𣿡
Ǳ߲֪˵һʲôʮһҶϵ绰󣬷Ů˶ڿԼΪѾһվ
СĵܵңʮһϹѩѯʵֻʵشֻΪʲôһֽ֮󣬲˽Ǯץס˵ĸоأ
ŶϹѩʮһ󣬵ӦһһȴûҪһȥĸо
С㣬һ£ಡģûӦ治аʮһɺЦŴȤ
ʱɺͺˣЩ˼˵ЦˣŲҵأ
ǺǣȻģҾҪˣʮһЦһԸ˵۸߰ɣ
иɺһк˾һ뿪ˣʱſҲѾгڵˣ
ļ紺
һ·ʻ߹հ˹յͣһſڣ˾óһʲô֤һ£󱣰Ŵ򿪴óӽȥʮһԱߵдôĸ֣
ϴöҹЩвеڰİɣпһӣȵĶʮһ˵
ֲʶЩͣŵĳҲడʮһ˸һۣʶôҪ֪ǰҲһͨĴѧѣΪˮʦ֮Ȼ۽һ㣬Ҳڸһѣ
֪沢ʲô˶ԿӽģλûеĻǧĺҲүģгҲǿԽģʱ˾ǻʱһƨ
ͱ˵ǱߵļСǣҪҪǽ㲻ˣ˾ָָԶļŮŮ
ȥϴǸ˼˼Ѱ˾ָȥȴͻȻ伤ץʮһĸ첲˵
ȥҪ谡ʲô˼˼ģʲôСֵģŮѵˣʮһıһ¸УĿȴҲǿ˹ȥֻڼŮŮ֮УһһϮɫȹںŮʱŮҲǡ߿Ͼܿ˶Ǵﰡ
ˮǸŮĵһۣʮһ˲סˣȻϲǺ񣬵ǸŮʮһĸоȴǺˮʮһ֪Ϊʲô
ϴɵ˰ɣǲŲˮأǸ˼˼ǺǼɺһͬģֻǺΪʲôˣ㱻ɱˣʮһǰ˻ΣС˵
ʱҲѾǰʻһξˣǱ·ļѾپˣʮһҲͲٿˣֻԼ̫ˮ˰ɣ
ʱǼȴѾը˹ˣֻһŮӶԵͬ˵˼˼ɲҪٷɵˣүǺΣյģ˵кܶ壬ûʶʶ￪Ӱӹ˾СҲǺõİ
֪ˣУ˼˼ЩԸ˵Ҳ֪Ƣ֪ȦӵĹ
ͱˣ֪ЩӶǱ˵лʶģҿ˵ܶǵǰĹӸϵǲһģһβǰҲǻģһ˵Щ㣬ŨױĨ˵νģŮҶͨɱ
Ǽĥʲôأ˾ǼŪһĻ𣿼סˣһֻһ¥Ͷ¥İתƣܵһǣͿԼˣ¥붼Ҫ룬ǲǿȥģҲȥڼ˰ԵʱһͿһ·Ů˻Ťĺ˵˳
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˼˼֪Ӱ˾ٶĸ䣬ֻҪǻóûеӰ𣿡˼˼͵͵Ŷ¥ȥ
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676 ˼˼ľǿ
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λʮһ֣ǽһʮһתͷָһԱߵĿŷͷӣҪܣͷȴ˵ˡ
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˼֮󣬱ʮһƷ⴫˵Ǯһƿĺƣ˵ȻԷһ̲ס˵ģԼֺαҪżأ
ҽˣΪ˱л⣬С׼һĿʮһ˵ֻǺȾƣӢȴǺ˼ʲôƵģ֮£ֻȿڣ
̫ˣʮһû˵ܣҲû˵ܣ
Цһ£һϵİťʱ䲻ԼҲһӶӣʹ
ЦŴһ䣬Ϳűƿˣ߽ŮŮһ˲䣬ʮһ͸ȫסˣ
ⲻλһڹҲһİǣƶ
ʮһоԼ©˰ƵģԼеˣʱ˿̾Ȼʮһɵһ㱩©Ĵţ͸ɴµ壬ʮһԾһڿˮ
λŮǵǿλŶЦ˵
ƶȻһʼһ£ĻҲǺȻľʮһ˹ƣ̬ǧ
ͣˣʮһԽԽŮæָָֹԱߵĿλ
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ǺƶŮģڼֶݹͬĽɫԱܶ˷һȽϣ
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С㲻ÿˣԼͿԣʮһǸԼ˱ƣ˵һ䡣
ƶȴЩ˼ΪģֻΪϾǰһΪһϷŮǵȦ֮˵ʱ򣬾ѾЩԾˣϰ֮ҲͺһЩˣͻȻˣһһ㲻֪ˣ
ƶʵбȵˣݵĵӺ͵ӰȫģʱȴǺܿĵ˵
ֵܸУʮһЦŽܵ
лˣƶеĻкܸˣϾЩӸ磬ûмǿǵϷģ
ķУͱ˸кƶ˵˵ЦЦʮһͳӢţһԸ˵ƣʱֽǳŮڷм裬˵ǴӰӹרѧģ
ǲרҵģʮһֻǾ˴е٣ʱ򣬶ܹ㲻ÿģԿ˼ۺʮһͲٿˣ
ڴʱ¥һڣȴǷŲĿһ棬ֻһͷĺܸߵӱڻУָֻͻҲ΢Цӭӵľٶ
˼˼ѾһӱƵ˵˽ˣ˼˼ʱҲ¶һֵı飡
үֻǺȾƵģ˼˼һ߰ǽţһС˵
ȾƣүҪҺȾưֻɺȾҲ治ҲֻǼһעѲ𣿡үһЦݣƵĿ˼˼û뵽ڵȦлôģսˣôŹأ
Ķע˵䣬˼˼Ѿ˾Űֲһ׵λˣ
үĶעôˣһǸС椲ĺ𣿡ү˵ͬʱһ¿ӣҪǷжǷ
˼˼ʱеʱһ˲ͺˣʱ˵ŴƣҲΪˣ˼˼Ҳһ۸ˣһݣһŤŰ־Ҫȥ
˻ߣү̫ûһ㣡ү˵䣬һѾ˼˼ϣ


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үҲû뵽СѾͷôң֮ǰֻΪֻǼװͬ⣬ҪһһļѣȴôҲû뵽С椾Ȼģɲڵʹ޵İڵǣ˼˼һõǺܴ
ʱڻеԼıȫǼæ˵ڵϵүĵѯţүҲǺܲŵ˼±߲λڲ֮վһҰǸ׷Ҫǿ֪ﱾӵ³
үĺλ֮ǰеӣȫһ׷˳ȥҲǿٵĴ·ĵĿſڣһ˼˼Ҫ׷ϣһ˼˼ʶô˵Ů˵˼еѲ£
ʱ˼˼Ѿܵ˵ſڣȻҲүٵİмΪмֱܾԺҲûףֻ֪ʱΪʲôûамΪߵĻͲӵóȥҲܿĴŶȥ
һ·ϵ¥Ŵ򿪵һ˲䣬˼˼˶ס˴Ŀɼȫһɫīڴ磬⿰ĵӰֳһų˼˼еԥҪҪȥˣһ̤ȥˣΪѾҪˣҪǹȥĻĲԼĽ֣
վסȴ뵽Ÿ߳ݣͱһ±ڸǳסˣ
ǣǸ˼˼ŵе㲻֪ˣΪ¥Ҳǿģȴû뵽ȻôıڿţһԼȥӣ
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ҽȥɣһᳪģҿԸϰ峪ģˣ˼˼Ѿȥͣ˶¥λãкżź±ڵ
У±һղһ㣬ޱ飬Į
ʱĵУүȴҧ޳ݵ˵ӣȻôбôʰ
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ǿôСʲôģҲֻȥһ¶ѣֻҪǵЩһҲǵģүǿļ򣬰ο˵

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ǾŮȥϾ뿪쿴ʮ±վҲǸо˾޴ѹָһһԵ˼˼˵
ӣϽȥⲻĵط˵ͽץ˼˼ĸ첲
ҲҪȥ˼˼ڱץһֻǱܵĺϾԲĶ֣
ôôʱİڣļͻȻ˵
Уȥһ°ɣʮһֻԼֻǿˣҲûж˵ʱ˵ˣʮһøгȥһ£ϾڣֻĸˣȥĻͳӢۿ϶ţοܲڽŮ˵Ǻƶȥɣ
ϴǸ˼˼ںһЩ˾Ƭ̺󣬸л˵
˼˼ʮһֹһ䣬˵עֱվһ仰ͳȥˣȺţȥһ£
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ס֣ʮһ͸иո߳䣬ͿȺ֮е˼˼ʱ˼˼ôۿ֮иѾˮ²ɵó


678 ѹ
ʮһ仰еĺ±ȫóһ·ȻǲʶʮһʮһҲǵһȴ֪ʮһͬһ˭ǶʮһǺ𾴵ģ
ʲô𣿡үɻĿǰ߹ӣԺȴƴ˵ĸģֻǲûʲôãһѾԺйһˣȻʶĴӵܲûкܶ࣬ҿ϶ϵļ紺¥ˣһǵã
ûʲô£ֻһ£λԱλŮʲô𣿡ʮһֵĺò
˼˼ڿʮһ˲䣬ҲסˣΪʶֻʮһȴǲʶѣ
ҵǮ̣ܽһңǿһۣǴӶԷпɻ˵˭ʶʮһ컹ǻشʮһĻ
ʦ֣ҲûκǮҳĿģҲֻȺȾƾˣΪҾܾҪǲ׷ҵģ˼˼֮£˱кöҪгĳƺ
ʦ֣˼˼һ仰ˣʮһҲմӷ߳ͳӢۣ
ʱǿҲ𾪲ɻţ𾪵˼˼Ļʶӵӣɻû뵽ӡĸӸƵģ
ʶңʮһҲǺɻĿ˼˼ֶԷȻʶԼ
ҲǾѧģұʦСһ죡˼˼ʱҲ˲ˣȰѵ˵˵ɣ
ǰųԼʦãԼеˮŮʮһͻȻЦˣֻ˵λŮѣ֪ɲԾˣΪ˱ʾлҿǷһ飡
ʮһ⻰ʱ˻ûʲôӦҲǲм飿˭ںʮһͳӢȴѾˣʮһ鰡ڶټӵƴҪԷǷԼһ鰡
ͳӢ۸˵ȴǽ˵Ļֻ´һʮһһۺ˵һ飿Ϊ˭˵Ҳʶ㣬ǸĹӸ磬Ҳǿ˵Ů˵ģ
ͳӢ۶仰ʱвɵһԷͬʱҲǺܸлԷ˵ִ˲Լͬļæǰȥʮһ첻֮ͬԼҪô죬ǷҪøжʱӰȴֱվ࣡
Ұɣҿ԰㶨ģͬһ仰ʮһ߲ͬ˿˵
ʮһ±״˿ˣɻ˵лһʣ
ʣͬ˵
Źô˵ô룿ʮһЦʵ
ǣĸӤƵģʱҲԱ̲ס²۵
ôܣͬ˵һ֮󣬺ݺݵĵ˶ԷһۣһǱѾβ˵죬ү𣿡
˵ɣҵĻҲ˵ˣӢ̲סһֿڣһ˵ʮһԲ˵ˣ
УȻ֮Ӣۻʲô˼ʮһ֪һĶѣ
ҵҵүүС־ͿˣͳӢۻʶģٿ˳ҸԼ˵ʱе㼤ģԷվʮһԵʱ֪еҪˣ
ģҺͳӢ۳үأҪһ飬֪ɲԣȥĶţĿǣĻµͬʱЩ±ھͺǵõʲôһ㣬뻮һˢˢȫ죡
Ҫ֪ʮĲɱ飬һЩϻɱմȾѪģ˵ֻһˣһֻ֮£ҲԲɱµ֮һ
ǰͳӢۣԼһȺʱ׼Ҫǵıڣһˣô˵ͷԼԶˣ
뵽ֻЦݵĿ˵׬˰ȻүϲŮ˾͸
˵䣬ץ˼˼ֱǰһ˦Ϊ˷йеĲһ㣬˼˼ĵʮһǰС˵лл֮󣬾ͲٿʮһĬĬϲˣ˼˼ǵӵģ
˦һ£ʮһڵĺܶ˶ˣԭӢҪŭģôģⲻû𣿺úõĽˣȻˣƢֻȴʮһʾֹˣ


679 Ƚ㣿
ʮһֻҪû¾ˣǵ˼˼Ѿץ˵ӡǣɵһ˲ˮˮ֮ǰ϶ڿ˼˼ʹͷӣʮһڽס׼뿪ˣ
ץ˭Ūģǲλүʮһͷ˼˼ԼƵģʵ
˼˼ôĿʮһһ㲻Ҷӣʮһʻʶĵ˵ͷСĻشһţ
ʲô쿴ĮʮһɵЩ𣬲Ծһ˿ڿˮ֮ʵ
ʲô˴ˣֻһү˼˼ֱϵץҪô죿ʮһǣһĨЦݣǰʵ
ô죿쿴ʮһǱ˫ȻоԼ˫ȺƶһЩˣϾʮһϵĿɲֹˣйԼʬοÿһʵŰɱٱģ
⻰Ͳˣõץˣô죿ôأ˵ҪһֱۣӦ𣿡ʮһ·ʲôЦһ㣬ЦŻͷһˣǰʱѾˣҲֻһǽˣǿЩ£ʮһ˵ʱ򣬾ѾЩڣ뵽һȥˣ
㣬㣬ң쵱ʮһ˵Ҫһֻ첲ʱ˶ˣ˵ѾʼˣҪˣȴﻹ·ˣᴩǽֻ
𰸵ȻǷ񶨵ģֻȴǶôϣԼʱ˿̻ᰡ
ŲҸ̰ʮһʵ
ҿԸǮһ򣡡ѾҪˣһɷôƵǽǱʣĲһ˿ܵ˵İ
㿴ǲһڿңʮһ˵˵Ѿĵڽӡˣֻڴʱʮһֻȴˣ
ʮһֻͣ½ӡ֣üͷóֻʾʱ򣬶˱һƣȻŸҽֻͨ
һǼһأţҸղžҪȥˣֻһȴֵķҪٶһᣬҲ֪㿴СϣҲֱӲһǰɣֻʮһŵ绰˵ֻǻٲ˶һԵıӣʹ˶еӢȴһֵЦеĿ
ţϾͻȥˣⲻǸոջӢǻ˭֪ô㵽һİˣö˶أԶԶԣǸӢ۸磬ţǺãӢۿƵǵɪʱȴʮһĵ绰˵ûһˣ˾Ϳи߸ϵӣʱȻڱʮһֵϷ
ҵ绰ʮһŲͳӢһİԹ֮ɫأЦеĿ˵Ӧúúõĸлһ¸ղŸҴ绰Ů
Ȼʮһ⻰˵ĸоûͷûԣȴʵڽӵϹѩ绰֮ǰѾɱˣڽӵ绰֮󣬲Լ˵òֵģȻɱһ̸϶֣ǲô˵ﲢ
ԣ˺ţһڣһֶУʮһ˵䣬óһźƬƵĿƬݸ죡
ɵǺǵĽӹƬдŵƺ˺ŵʱ˶ɵˣզ˼˼ұǷƬڷԼ˺ţ
ʮһ֮ǰϹѩĽǿģϹսıʱϹѩ͸ԼӦרŰԼʺӡΪԼһİ֪жҪӽԼأһѵƵķ
ˣȥһӣ˵˽ʮһԸģ컹ɵһԭվţɵóѵ
ɻĿһͻȻ侪ֵĿʮһ֮ͻȻתˣҿߵĻһĵӣ
ղǻҺܲͬʲôﻹõһּҾڮֵ˻ص֮󣬳Ӣץסᾡı
УҺ֮ĹϵҽһֱߵģأųӢһָ
޳ܰҲнģֻ첻۰ǽ㾹ȻŪ˸СһܹǼһӢ۱һп˵
˰ɣ㣿û飬Ҳǲܿϵģǲӵ˵
˵һģҲģӢۺǲˬĿ


680 ԩ·խ
ʵʵ˵ѣ˭֪㵱ΪһСȻ˽ȥɱһŮ˵ļˣӳӢ۵Ļţ
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ֻǳӢ۶ûзһ飬Ǿԭ˼˼˵ʮһʱ˿Ѿ·ԵˮƵģ
˼˵㵱飬үүʮһųӢۣһЩ˵
Ҳô˵ɣһǸŮ˺ˣڿҪֵʱȴǱүүסˣǸŮ˵ѾȫˣǸŮܵˣҲǺҲ֪ڼ岢ǳӢȻûע⵽ʮһֻһԵȴǲˣ
ԭˣʮһɫˮ֣صĵ˵ͷ
֣㡭ԥһºǾʳڡ
ʱӢҲǲˣɵɻĿʮһʵôôȤ
ӢۣҲ˵ֻ͸һ仰֮ôôѡԼʮһɫĿųӢֿۣһۣ
Ȼ֪ʮһʲô˼Ǻƶ˳ȥˣ˼˼ҲǸһȥˣھֻʣʮһ͸ԼͳӢĸˣ
֣ûˣ˵ʲô˵ɣӢۿȫȥˣʮһѯʵ
ʵܼ򵥣Ҫ˵ľǣڿʼǰ·һǽԼ¼һų¼̨ٶȵĽԼչвɱǸŮ˼˻˺ǸŮ˵ڣʮһ˵ʱͣһ¸ԷӦʱ䣡
ż˵һǣǳ¼Щ˺ǸŮ˵һ𣬵һΪʱ˵ʱɱǳ¼ң
ʮһĻ֮󣬱㲻˵ˣǵȴŶԷʣڳӢˣʮһûǲģֻǶڸ˺ıˣҲǾԲܷŹģȻһֱ֪ǸŮճ£ʮһȴҲû뵽ôɣǳӢ¼ңһǳӢ۵ֱϵ㣡
иҪһ£Ӣ۷ӳһ֮󣬿ʮһ˵
ǸŮţʮһȻ֪ԷҪЩʲôԻûеȶԷʳʲô⣬ֱӻشˣ
ʮһ仰ڳȫסˣиˢһ¾վһŭĿųӢۣ֮ǰǲ֪Է˵ı֪ˣס
У£嶯ʮһŸҡҡͷ
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Ӣ˵ʱͻȻһ£˵һ£ϣֿԴӦ
˵پǷҪӦʮһŲôɵأһԼȴӦˣԷһԼܴӦҪզ죡
Ǿȥʱ򣬿ɲԲҪţӵĻҽӹ˳¼ңҲΪһĩļ壡˵пܻԼһֻʣˣǽߵģ˳ЦţǻɱأӢ˵ʱ֮һЩΣ
ֻ˵֮ʮһסˣΪԷǲӦأˣҲֹҲǸоʮһʵе̫׺ˣԼҪԼ˵һ£ǧǵɷǣ
ֻǶ֪ʮһڵôأԼôˣһŭ֮ɱԼţֻʣܣǵҲ϶Լ˺ܶ࣬ԲŻֳӢ˵ߵﶼӵ
İɣֻɱɱ֮ˣļҲŵģһҪˣİɣʮһӦ󣬿ǶҪ˵ĳӢԼ˼Ŷ˵վ׼뿪
ԺлټӢԭ˵ллģȴôҲ˵ڣϾԼٺҲ޷һҪɱԼ˵˵ллȻЩһһ
ˣҪ鷳һ飡ţſڵ˼˼ʮһͻȻת˵
˵ܿĵ˵
Ļ鼯Ż˼˼СڵĹ˾ܲǺʺʮһ˼˼ֶ˵


681 ֵ
ַľͺˣұ֤һ֮ھ˼˼С͸죡İ˵ֱǼ򵥵ĲټˣִҪһŮǣֱȳԷҪ򵥣
ǾллˣѾ˼˼ˣ鷳ְҺúõչ˼˼ʮһЦһ£ֶ˼˼˼䣬Ȼ˵Уһ뿪ˣ
֮ǰظˣʮһû˵֪ʮһܳ˵⣬Ҳ˵Щ黹ҪԼͨſԵģҲǰʣ֪ôȰ⣡
˻صƵʱѾˣϹѩɺڵأɺҪˣΪǱѾźþԼס޵һˣҪϣץʱﱸݳ飬ȡԳȴһЩ֪ȣ
ȴʮһδȻʱѾˣֻǸʮһһϢ˵Ǽ֪УҲҪȥͼϣȵʱټ棡
ʮһϢֻǻظĸ֣Сģ
ʮһڷڵϢһ죬˹۾ʱѾҹʮˣϱʮһͽϹѩһȥˣΪɶûниУΪɺ֮ҪˣҹǺúõĲһ°ɣʮһ֪е˷ֿʲôоģ
Ƶſڵʱ滹ǵƻͨģֻʮһȴǿ沢ûκһˣֻܿǼˣ
ˣ˸վƵſڣǸŮСͿǣæƿŶʮһ˵
֮ʮһʱĴڻˣһȻǰǸӣǲʮȴ˫ӣ
ʮһ˵ʱҲʮһһۣʮһ֪ҲǷˮʦֻʲôģȴǿ
һ˫̥𣿳ô񣡡ϹѩʮһĶС˵ȷʵϸĻԻֲ˭˭ϸ˵ĿǷˮʦе
۶ôˣǲͬģʹԸȫһ˫̥Ҳǲͬģ˵ǰˣʮһȻ֪˭Ǹ˭ǵܵܣȴ֪ߵǿһЩұߵǸҪһЩ
ȴʮһ۲˵ʱȴǶȭ˵
λǡʮһһ£˾ȻʶԼԼȴ벻ʱôһ˫̥
еķˮϣķɿֵܶˣ񻹼ϵļʶɽϵǿʹֵܶĸе۷ߵǸǿһЩӣ˵
£ôϲ˵ϻҸȥұ˵һЩ˵
λãлλޣʮһԷ˵ĿҲҵæֵܻһ˵
һԵȴеɵ۵ĸоʦ˴Ǯ˺ö˲ҵģôںԷ˺𾴵أѵ˵Ҫʦ
ҲΪֹһ£СĵĹ۲ʮһı飬ʵ
λȷʵΪ¶λԷģҲǮģֻΪԵ֮·ѣʮһҲҲûıҪͲΪǮģοڳ֮ǰֻѾϢˣµ˿
˵⣬ʮһҪлԵСأҲ֪С椴ԼŪһԼֿп˵ǿȡûκεƣ
ּҲǴ󷽰ԼֻҪһڣҲûΪԷĸֻΪŻһ¶Էѣû뵽ȻǳˬתڣּҲһֵýѣ
ˣԳֵĻҶ˿ĻۼץǵİǷǳģҶҲЦҲֻһƷѣæ֣ʾʮһ˼ˣ˵Լʵʱ򣬶һЩΣ
νʦţпˡˮһ;ˣʦţҲҪ˵̫ǿĹ֣һƷʦʵԶԸˣʮһͻȻϴǵ˵
ʹǵһΣмܻһЩңֻҪʼռǿԣһԵģÿһˮʦ޲һһεʵؿ벻ϵ׽֮һһɳģʮһȥֵһЩӣɵü͵


682 ͻ
лƴʦҶ˾׳ˣֵʮһĻ󣬷ǳ֣صĶʮһһʮһ˵עУת˴мںõǰ
Ҿֵܶ˻һһ˸Ϊãνһɽݶʮһ˺Ҫʼˣɵóѵ
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㲻ǱϻųɨڵеϹСɣ˰֮ȥŵĿϹѩ󿴵Ϲѩɫе㲻ÿϽһƨһͷ׷ӵƯˣʹ¶ûϳ
˵Ϲѩǵ˵ͬʱǵĿһʮһ˵㿴ֻʶһ˵ģ
һ֮ȥһۿưɣ￴ͷӺÿģʮһȴһԲ̲˵һ䡣
ʮһǰɣϹѩ˫ֲĿʮһ˵һֻ־ǶʮһĶ˹
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죡һڵһ֮иǲ֪ʱһŷСĶͷ˹ȥ
Ҫ˺СһֱվСԱߵӣͻȻӭײ˹ȥǼƣһӢ¾ĸо
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ϣӿҪµʱеķžһСĶͷϣľֱָС
ʦǣСŵֱ£֪λĴʦôˣΪʲôҪôԼ
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Ⱦ֪һỵ£ȥ翴ʵ񣬲ɵóһ䡣
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ʲôʲôǵҪǮһҲûǵģڲҪץ˻𣿡ѾЩͷˣеŷֱȥУѾ׼ˣ
ϻƣôˣȻλʦѵʱͿһ£ȷʵҲожңСⷴľٶɵóȰ
ֻǴĹһС֣תֵܴ˵ϽߣٲҾʹ绰ˣ˵⽨ţ
ܳôҪ𣿼ȻˣǵǮСүϡأŭˣ֮ǰҪǸģڵþȻ˵Ƿ⽨ţôлĻǲԲƬԶ˰
ҪҪϽߣҲϽߣȻұһץľҪʮһҲһƳȥ
ȷҪߣֵܶѾƵʮһ󣬶Ҫʮһʱʮһȴǵʵ
ԼǺαذأΪʮһҪأǺ˵
ǵģҪߣȴ뵽ʮһ仰ʱͣԭأʮһһ֮󣬺֣صĵ˵ͷ
֪ǲԵ𣿡ʮһʵ
ΪҰСһжĲҪӿʣʵȴֱָҪĻش


683 
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ϻƣû뵽ҾȻôĺãСӵĻЩ˵
ǺǣϲŮ˭ɣʮһЦһ£˵
ˣƴʦ̸һ¿𣿡ûȥС˵
룡ӿʮһͷһԵİ䷽ָһ£ǰ·
ʮһԼһȥͿԵģϹѩȴҲҪţû취֮¾һˣСӲͬǰҰֵܿŵ㣬ǧ
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һ꣬Ҳȷʵǰ㣬Ȼ˵ѧУͬһУֻҪһʱ䣬ǾͻȥԷڵĳУԷ´漸죡
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Ϊ˼ټѹһߴŹһѧϰǶʱ䣬СΪҲҲһЩ䣬Ϊ˿СúһЩСյ죬͵͵׼һϲ
ʱȴҲû뵽һ׼ధľϲȴʹ֮ĸѺۣһ޷޲Ѻۣ
ʱһKTV򹤣ధϰ壬ŴӦڳһСգ
ȴ뵽ٽҹʱȴǱһ򹤵Щ˸ˣѹʱȴǿ˴޷ǵһĻ
ŵŮˣȻϰѹ£飬ԭֱվȥϰһٵģǵ׼ʱȴСȻںǵϰǵģû
ҲζţŮѲǱǿȵģԸģһĵѪˣΪ˲ʧȥŮˣѡ˳ĬԼһȥеǿˣ


684 һ
ڵĶһЩԻȴڵѪȹʮӣȻͿϰ뿪ˣŮѣҲСԴ·ߣСĵĿûѣȻͳȥˣ
һ̣߳ȥСϰȫɱĳ嶯Ǹԣлϸĸ޷ԼжСǷݰ
ڶ죬ڴְˣСҲҵ˹˭ҲûϹյ飬·Ǽ鲻һ㣬ֻڵȴʼһ޷޲˰̣
һ֮СҵϺĲټϻ£ְܿнˣֻȴ֪ģΪһ֮СÿλԽԽˣеʱͲˣÿγȥʱĴҲԽԽ¶ˣ
Сְн֮ǰһܵʱ䣬һΣСȻһ˵ĸ첲һǼƵڣһͬһڴСʱʱ䣡
ȴһֱţȴ֪һ򹤻ʱ򣬾Ȼ˴ϣһץסеĺݺݵһ٣ϣСȻһܣȻʼ˵һ޳ɣҵһ˻Ƕо
˵һԼϲİҪҲûʲôãһǰδеĴһܣ
һҹں˺ܶľƣܶܶ࣬ൽԼǵԼ˶ˣֻ֪ԼԺУ޿̨ȥٴʶʱ򣬾ͷԼѾˣ
Դ֮ÿСߣСΪԼʹ飬ҲСΪǮͱ˻죡
Ҳֹһε͵͵СΪģϾСشǻʵģܶʱܶҲǳģÿһС˻ˣڶ͵͵ʹ÷Էס
ֻȴҲһֱ޷ȥͶ̥һҲȥͶ̥ˣԼӦ˺ˣֻǵظʱȴǸͲͶ̥ԭȻԸû˽ᣡ
һֱǻţ֪Сһʱ͹ӴǻӰ쵽˵ģʮһȻڵͬ飬ǱϾ˹;ȥΥ
ҲȥֻصģΪĽδˣ޷ֻذҡҡͷһ̾Ϣ
Ϊβȥ⿪Ľ᣿ʮһʵ
ؼǣҲ֪ԼֻصĽʲôڵ֮жһЩΡ
һһֱͷβϹѩȴһֱû˵һ˵ǰ㣬ôҲδ̫ˣǸСΪʲôҪôأѵ֪һΪı
Ҳ֪Ľ᣿еѰˣʮһֹһ䣬üͷ˼һ֮ͻȻ˵ʵһһַȥֻأҲʹ˳ĽֻأתͶ̥
֪ɷ񣿡ʮһĻԥʵȻûʳɷʲôʮһȴ֪Ҫʲô޷ҪѯԼǷԼ˵ַתͶ̥
ֻ㲻֪ԼеĽʲô𣿲⿪һֱ޷תͶ̥Ľ𣿡ʮһڣʵ
˵ʵѾ߰ˣ֮޹йҪɱСǸϰĳ嶯һסˣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡ͻȻʮһʵ
Ϊʲô㰮ʮһû뵽ڻͻȻԼ⣬ɵһ£һ»ش
ȷʵΪҰֻҲҪһֱѰߣֻҪԷǿԷ˾ӦÿĵԿСôҸģҲͷˣЦ˵ȻӰЩãʮһǿԿϵЦ⣬һȻЦݣ
飬ֻҪԷҲͻܿģϹѩͻȻ˵ʮһھȵм˵ҿ֪δ⿪Ľʲôˣ
ʲôʮһڼͬʵ
ĽҪСҵһİ˼𣿡Ϲѩʵ
ҵһİ˼ˣСֹţ֮ͻȻϹѩ˵лС㣬ȷʵҵĽˣ
ȷ֮ʮһǳ׵ˣԭΪδ˵ĽΪҪɱǸʼKTVϰ壬ֻ˵Ҫ֪ŮСΪʲôҪֻǲ֣û뵽ôĽᣬһŮ˺Ͷ̥֮ǰԸȻҪԷһİ˽飡
ʮһľõ߸Լе뷨˳˵֮˱пɺ֮ȴֻڿڿɺãֻ˵̫ɵˣ


685 꼰
ħɻѾ԰鳹׵ķħˣȻǿһֵ˸Ůˣڣ鰡
û뵽λŮôͶ԰鿴ô͸ѵðΪҵҽ⿪ԼĽᣬһЩģϹѩ˵
͸ƨֻǰһðϵѣϹѩһۣɳĬ
ϹѩĻʮһúΣһطȥ󿴵һãȻڣʮһҲһɸ֣ͬʱһŭҪѾ˵ʲôԷ˾ͺ֮ģôǣǵأ
ʥ׼𣿡ʮһڣ˵Ļôôе⣡
ƴʦ˵Цˣʲô׼׼ģĽȻѾ⿪ˣҲʱȥתͶ̥ˣͲͷˣЦЦ˵ҪƮȥ
ú𣿼ȻĽᶼѾ⿪ˣֺαػҪִأʮһҡҡͷЦĿڣʵ
һûпֹͣƮӰе㲻ʵ˵
㿴ˣΪʱ˿ȥͶ̥תȻ㣡ʮһ䣬˵Ѿ̧еâҲ΢΢˸˺â
ǲԵģͶ̥תҪԸģȻ֪ʮһеӡʲôȴǿԸоõʮһǶ˵µϢԲͼܣ
ԸƨҪǿһƬķϣھѾɱûɢˣʮһǰ֮еâӡɢĺɫâѾԽԽʢˣ
ιܲһ㣿Ϲѩʮһͱ˵ȥɵվ˵
ڸ˵ʮһתϹѩȻԼȷʵһðˣԼҲʵе̫˰Լˣ
˵ôģҲ˵֪֪ж಻ˣϹѩҲվһʮһǰ۾ʮһ
Ҳˣ˵һԣʮһصϹѩ˵ڸϽԶ㣬Ժٸˣ
ʮһϹѩһˮ絽ʮһˣʮһȫס˵ʱֻϹѩͻȻˣ˵ȻҺң
㻹Ҫߣ㻹ΪʲôҪôңϹѩ˵Ѿʮһžһٴ
㻹ԼҵģȻҪСүˣȴңɽûУʮһȲҲֵôϹѩţ˵ĻȴǺ飬Ѫ
ȿȣλǲˣڿѾ˵ʮһϹѩ̲סѵô˵˵ŻأӦ˵ԼǷȥͶ̥ת
죬ԼϲŮ˶ס㻹ôиƨðϹѩںһóӾһӳ˹ȥ
ȥ𣿡ʮһһĻһֻƾڵҪӲһӿ϶ɲмģ鼱֮£סϹѩȥ
ȻΪôһֻңʮһҺ㣡Ϲѩû뵽ԼᱻʮһƵɳϣվӺۿѾǽˮˣʮһ
һﲻӦһӻģʮһҲ֪Լո鼱֮ˣԵĵĸϹѩš
Ϲѩ᲻֪أڵʵȻûʮһôҲԸоĳԷһܽӵԼһӣղҲ鼱֮²ľϾô˵ֻڶСǷݳ飬͸жɱԷˣ
ֻ֪֪Ůеʱ뷨˲ͬģ˵ڵϹѩȻ֪ʮһģﻹǺܷߺޣ
㲻˵ˣˣϹѩʮһһ󣬱뿪ˣ
ϹѩȥӰʮһ̾һתͷڣ˵ȥͶ̥ĪΪҲɱ㣿
ǳʧ꼰ذתͶ̥лƴʦˣֹţεĿһʮһѾ䵽еâӡǣһӾ˽ȥ
ߣҪǷǰûһˣʮһеâ˵
ʮһһԾ̲Ƶſɳϵӣҡҡͷ߳˷䣡
ʮһ߳СæżĽе
ûˣѾշˣʮһЦŴ
ллʦллʦϻأСʮһлЩɻѯʵͬʱ۾ͣʮһķſȥ


686 
İɣû£ֻǻȥˣʱ֮ӦþͻѹˣʮһĴһ̧žȥ
ֵܶ˿ʮһҪˣҲǼæϣȻ֪ʮһôֻշģǶ˵ʮһּĴʦףԣѾ㣬ʮһԵĻǶ˾͸ʮһˣֻǰŴҲðö֮ͻѧܶණˣ
ƴʦһʣ֪ɲԣΪСȥӵʱȴСͻȻ˵
ԣʮһĻشֱӣҲܲӣֻûа취ڵĻ֮ʮһٶСʲôøˣοټϸողźϹѩôܻأ
ƴʦˣȴ뵽СʮһĻش֮󣬾ȻͨһŶʮһ
ֵͷСӣкǲ⣬Ůôˣ
ֻʮһȴûлͷΪ뿴ԷͣѾſڵĽŲ˵ʰɣ
лʦСʮһĻش֮󣬼æлʵǸҵĹ𣿡
Ȼֺ֪αʣʮһȻ֪ԷѾµˣԷ׿ʳʱȴһŭģŮˣʹһˣ
Ӧò³ģҲֻôˣءСʮһĻ֮ͻȻǱˣ
ֻⱯ˵ĿҪȾֵܵĿȴʮһЩģɵûعͷ󺰵ٿ޿ģİͲЩԲĻ飡
ֵܿͻȻʮһЩ֪룬׵׷ʲô飬㿴ңҿ㣬Ȼһҡҡͷ
˵ˣСʮһһֹͣ˴ޣֻ˵ԾЩʵʵ
Ǻǣ˵Ǽٵģʮһ̤ˮһѧ֮ȻʱղǺܳҲʱˣοСү˵ƷߣҲõƷʦڸ˵ĻǼٻĻҲͰ׻ˣʮһЦһ˫ĶС֮ȴǳ˰
Ʒʦֵʮһ仰ʱǳ׵סˣ֪ʮһᣬҲΪʮһ֮ǰܹȡôõĳɼΪСϰԵʣȻϴηˮȣʮһֻǵǵе˿Ƕ֪ʮһҲǵڶģ
Ҳ֪ʮһʵ߳ȴôҲû뵽ϴαŹȥðȻѾӶƷʦƷʦľˣֱŰѾܹˣˣ
˵ûֵܻͣʮһ𾪵еʱСٴ˵ˣ
ߣ㻹е֪ʮһһת׼ȥ
Ǻǣе֪֪ΪʲôҪôôΪʲô˾һ˰ˣʲôˣпǹҵĸôһŮߵز𣿡ȴ˭룬СͻȻһֻŭĸʨһ㣬ʮһ
СĺУƺ޾ί·ҪЩܵίȫƵģ
ʮһСĺУȻͣס˽ŲҲת壬ȴû˵֪СȻôһ仰һлҪ˵
˵ǴҹյʱKTVиǸϰµĻ˰ɣǺǣи˵ΪʲôС˵ʱЦһ£ƺԳһ㣬̧ͷһʮһ󲻵ʮһش𣬱˵
УһΪǮΪҰĽ٣ȷʵΪǮȴôĲΪĽ٣Ǵңҳ׬ģΪǵǮ𣿡
ϣϰҩȶˣҲˣʱϰһֻһſ£ҵʱƴƴĺ֣ȴ˯һҪҧԾʱǸϰȴǶ˵ֻҪʵʵĴӦͻʮ򣡡
ʮ򰡣ʱϵõ˹ؼʱ̣֮ǰ޿ңҿɲԹܼǽЩǮǿЦҼǮҵĸˣҺĸΪôֲ꣬ǲ֪
ҵǸϰ˵ʮ򣬲һ˵ҲӦĻ˴ڵȵʱ˵ô죿οǸʱѾóˣҲǸɾˣΪʲôһأ


687 
Ǹϰ巢ˣв˵Ҳװܸ˵ĻͬڵȣһһǮңȥҲûõģ˵ĽǸƬ֮£ֻѡϣ
֪ҵʱôϣڿվɱϰºҶ߿ʱ֪װ˯ǶһۿԼŮѺͱ飬ţ𣿡
˭Ҳû췢£Ҳ֪Ϊʲôֻ֪аͬʱֶʧʱվɱǸϰ壬ԸȥΣȥǹҲ֪Լûаˣ
ԭΪһˣǺ׵˾Ȼֿʼˣ˵ǵӹͷʱûнӺãҿջص֮ﱧԹҲ÷嶼ѾˣֺαںôأҾͿʼǵĺɫҵһһְڼ䣬ҲõǮܵ͵͵ĸȥ֮Բ֪𣡡
ȴ֪һںһµʱ򣬱ˣ˴֮Һȴ֪ΪʲôΪΪʲôһΣϰǿҵʱվһΣվĻҲͲߵֵزˣÿһζﵽԼĿģ
ȴ뵽Ȼɱˣ֪ɱжʹ֪ɱҪһ˳еͥжôļЩĸĸʱʱľ͹ҪһЩǮͺǷǵƵģҪ֪ҺûнأοΪǼңߵز
Ȼ㲻ʲôŮҲΪԼһĴҵ˻ҲõһһһİСѵϱǷȫҵծҪҽ
СĻֵΪû֮ǰ˵ĻԸоеʮһȴߵĻȫ˵ģԣʱ˿һң֪ô˵ˣ
ڴ𣿴˵Ҳû
С𣿴˵Ҳû
ԶԴм˵أÿжһб׼ҲΪĴڱ˿ǴˣΪģ˿ǶԵģ
Ϊ֮ǰ˵ĻұʾԲ𣡡ʮһС˵ͬʱһͬʱҲ˵ǶǶ˵˭˭ˣұֳĬȨ˭˭
ƴʦصǸûҲûڸûдСҵЦһ£ͻȻָϷߺ޵˵
ʮһֵССôһ˲䣬ֻСļ˵ˣȻమΪλҪôĥǣϲԲ
ϲԲʮһ߶һ䣬ͻȻ˫бһâһһٵ˵ϲԲǲֻǲ۶ѣ
£ʮһת뿪ˣһ̤ʱʮһʶĹһ·Ȼо˾Υ⣡
ֵܼʮһ˳ȥæȥȻʮһһ仰ָʲô˼ڶʮһĳݣʮһȻô˵һô˵ɣֵֻܶ˾粻ûѣ
뿪֮󣬿Сһ˹ڷĴĵĿţһ֮󣬾վ˳ȥʼûнȥһǸϻƵӣСȥûֻ֪֪Ľ̳һŮԵʬ壡
ʬ屻̳ʱڲԱ͸¶Ůʬ۽ǴһֱˮôöƲһ㣬˾·Ҫǰеˮȫһ㣡
ʮһŵʱ򣬿ֽϵŮʬƬʱȴǸоеమѾȫȥˣ˽θҲֻһˣ
߳ʮһû⳵Ҳûиκ˴绰ǾôĿĵűĽֵţźɪɪ磬ȻʱѾ賿һˣʴУܶ˵ҹȴǲŸոտʼ
ŽĳԼɫŮʮһ˫֮оȻԾķѪɫۣ۵ĻΪλˮȥɢأƷʦ˵ףԼ֪Ƿܹһ죬ȻԼƷʦһ˿˺ܶ౶
Ǵ˵еƷô׵ĻΪֽУ൱Ʒʦв٣Ʒȴδһǿֻĳɹſܴﵽĵɾ簡


688 Ľݷ
ǲۣΪλı뿪ԼԼ֪ıȥˣǷ񻹻ϣ˵ԼһֱԼ˵ıһţЩɱֵʵȴĺݣıȻԼ͵ǧ꺮͵ĲܶܣԼ̲סĵģ̫꣬ˣ
֪䣬ʮһ˫֮ѾѪ֮ɫˣҲϢһСʱˣȻߵһư棬֪ΪΣʮһֱ˾ưڣһơԹԵĺ
ֵܺԾûкʮһһ𣬶ڽλãһ˽һʿɣƷ
𣿡ʮһֵܺȵľƺҵӲɵóʵ
ãʮһĻһ£ȻŷӦԼȵľôһش
ҵľƸʮʮһ֣߹ķԸһ䣬һԹԵĺϵơƣ
ʱ̣ܶʮһҪľƾͱ˹һһֱ֮ӹ˶С
һ˺ȾҪҪҺһأһŮһű¶ŮʮһĶ棬лһȼ˵̣
ʮһͷû̧żԷǴ̱ǵˮζֱһ
УͲ£ô׸ʲô˿ʮһһһʮһ뿪ˣѰһĿȥˣ
ʮһŮô˵ʲô˵ʲôȥɣֻǶȴͻȻһȤ
Ľݷ壬û뵽һ䵽ҵĵزҸеܳǼŸʲôĽݴүһϸʮһĶУʮһĲӵӿ˵ĽݴүĽݷ壡
ʮһתͷȥȴÿǸеĽݷ壬ֻǴʱĽݷ֮ǰȴо˺ܶ࣬Ȼòûʲô̫ı仯ȴо֮ǰӵĳˣֻǿȥҲǰҪӵˣ
үͱȡЦˣϣܰһæϵõǼпԴǣĽݷεЦЦһЩж֮ǰЦǸеļү˵
Ľݴүˣȥ÷򰡣ĽݼҵĽ𣿡үæ״ָĽݷ壬ԵļŮ˵ǲ֪Ľݴүô䣡
ǰɣҼǵǣʱĽݼүͻȻĽݼҲһǧɣӶĩ壬ҵȥףҪȡãĽݴүȴǺľͰҸ˳˵þǵҲ޸ңԭȻ˽ң
һУȻ˽ң۾е֪֮ûȤˣ֪Ľݴү޸˭𣿾Ȼǳ¼ҵĴү
ү¼Ҵү˭ǸгӢ۵𣿡ү˵ʱԱһŮ˽ʵ
ҪǳӢǼһﻹأȻҺܿǻȴòϣ¼һУһܳɴµĻӢһĽݴүü޸ǳӢ۵Ĵ磬Ӣ
˵Ӣǲ֪Ҫ˵ӢĴºǿܾ֪ˣ룡ү˵ʱ֮д޾ĳ֮ɫ˵Ҳˣ˵ôļΪɫұ̬Լ£ô⹤ߣԴˣһŮộˣ
ôޣĽݼҵӽˮĽϼ޸Ǹ˵еѧУʱʶѧôҪȼ޸һ̬ǿǼңһ˺úõʰһĽݼңȥ¼ף
ôھȻ˵Ұǳ¼ҶȹѹأڸҿЦ𣿡үƺ˵˼֮ϵľƱһˤԱߵĵϣſĽݷ壬ҪĽݷһ㣡
룡ô޸үԵֵʱҲǷ׷ױʾȣû뵽ŮԸ޸ƵģֻΪ⣬Ҳ氮ľͼˣǹؼǸ̬ϲùŰŮˣȦѾǺܶ˶֪Ĳܵˣ
㲻Ҫ̫ϳȥҲڣ϶޸ӢȴǼľȻѾˣ΢ᣬ͸ı䲻˽֣Ľݷ̲ȥˣվżү˵
̫ӦҼһ˲żüãȻĻڼһͳ죬һһĽݼңʵ֮ʱɱ¼ɱ˳ӢǸүĽݷĻ󣬷·ʲôЦһ㣬һץסĽݷ죬˵


689 ɰϢ
ҵǺܸȤĽݼһγԱˣΪʲôȥ÷æأȻǱʲôûɫڳ¼ȴǰѳ¼ҵ϶ĺܿģ˵ȨӦǺܴİŭһº󣬺ܿԼɿץĽݷ֣һ汦Ƶʵ
֪Ҿ͸㣡Ľݷżð֮󣬺ǲˬ˵μԱҵȻȥҹӢ˵ǳ¼̫ˣҾ£ѣΪĽݼҶҵģ
֪Ҳ֪ˣ볰ЦͳЦɣߣĽݷ˵֮󣬺ݺݵĵһۼתȥˣ
ǶԼȥɣľǮˣĽݷ뿪󣬼Ե˻˻֣һ˺˾ƣ
һ̸ֱʮһʱȴǸӵĸޱˣԭѾĵˣưɺȵƣһ¾ͻúܶ࣬û뵽ȴƵĻ
Ľݷ壬ǵԼ˵Ľϳ˵Ǹһ
ĽϺԾǵһ뿪ԼǸԼĳǸıҲ޷ǵеһˣǸʼնһλõŮˣǸɽ˵Ůˣ
ǿ˵ǸĽѧУʱѧѣԼˣ
ʮһôҲû뵽ʱ֮ԼٴйĽϵϢȻ£ĻȻôԼ֪룡
ԼԭҲܶԷѾˣȴû޸һҿܻһλûУȻĻܳӢ᲻ĽݼңҲܻ᲻ʱܵ裡
ǸԼжˤ˵Ů
ոյʱԼĺվĽݷ壬ȴֲ֪ôʳڣѵʶԷΪҪƭԼ𣿶Ѿȥôˣ
ŲԶԺƾƵļʮһϵľ˼ˣԼľƵ˶Էǰһ
Ҫ̧ͷƳһʮһҪƱƻ
ƺŸˬһЩʮһȴֻ˵һ䣬ԼǰľƱ
üͷһʮһȻƱһ֮󣬶žƱָָʮһǰľƣȻ˵
Ҫľ󣬼һƻظʮһȻ˾˭Ҳ˵ԹԵĺǼƾͺóԷʱƴһƵģ
֪ʮһǰľƱȫˣһʱ䣬ȻѾҪˣɵ¶һ˿Цվͳȥ
Ǻôʮһո߳ưɣ洫һӵ
ûȤʮһͷûлأֵһ£ֽһ⳵
֪˭Ҹ֪ǰ˭֮ƺģ˵
Σ˵ûȤûȤʮһͷҲصĴ
ѵ㲻ȥһ˶𣿿İŮӣͲʹ𣿻˵㲻ңһǰߵʮһǰɴ۾ֱʮһ
ĪΪҲɱ㣿ʮһ˫֮Ѫ֮ɫѾŨǳһֻݺݵץ˼Ĳϣ
ʮһ⸱Ѫģ쳣ûһ˿ӣֻǼʹˣǼ˵֪ɱңԼҶˣֺοһ˶ѣ
֪ͺãҲǲУҲ԰ɱ˳Ӣüҵļ֮λʮһɿץż֣Ѿǰĳ⳵˾һһ£
Ҫʲôɵ˵ܴȻĻڼҲѻȥѯʵΪ֪ûѵͣ
ڻȱüȫȫĻŰɣʮһЦһ£ͷҲص˳⳵ֵܼ״Ǵֽһ⳵æȥ
ѵϲż۶ȥĳ⳵ֹ˦˦ͷóֻҳһ绰벦˳ȥôû˯أðɣʱĻԶٷɣûʲô£Ǹоõĸ䵭ˣҪһ¸飡
ʱļȴһͷˮ绰ѾҶмˣȴУʱθԼ绰ԼΣֻҪԼԶٷѵ˵ʲôĿģʲôĿأڣԼһ㻰ȨûеİǵԼҲǴûвֹκһ˰
˰Ҳ벻֮󣬼˫ֲһͷĶ̷УڴЩգԭǿѯһ°״ʦģǴӲ֮ǰ״ʦĵ绰ͻȻͨˣôǲڷ


690 ƻ
ڸңҾͰȴˣʮһһֱԼߵƵſڵֵܣתͷ˵ڵǣʱ˫֮еѪɫѾȥˣ
Ǿֻѧϰˮ֮ŵģʮһ˵
ѧĻȥзˮЭһʲôʱշһֻˣʲôʱңʮһûзˣʮһ˵Ļǲ߿˵̱ܿҲȷʵˣʱʱľͻΣյ˵Ƕһ˾ͶһΣգο˻޸֮ķˣ
ֻ֪ʮһĻ֪θ룡
֪ˣлֵܶˣʮһĻһһ׵ģ任һ֮󣬶˶ʮһһתˣ˾ҹȥУ
ļ죬ǹĺ徲һ磬ʮһ͸ж˳Թ緹֮󣬱һǰϹѩ֮ǰ˵ģǸĵص㣬λڽһׯ԰
˵ʱſѾͣ˺ܶˣֻÿһǺûһǳ⳵⳵˾е㲻˼ˣӹǮ֮æߵˣ
λʾ֤ſڵıӳ⳵ˣɵüͷס˶˵
дӿڴóһдϹֵ֤ݸԷһۣͿԷƳմһ㣡
ôԽ𣿡ʮһ⿴ŵɵˣɵɻĳʵ
Կԣλ룡ʮһʻعʮʮһ˵ǰ̬֮ԱȲν
ı˻˽ȥ
˭ôӺţƵģʮһ˽ȥλͬԷɵǺǵЦţɵ߹ѯʵ
˭Ҳ֪ȴ֪ŵ֤Ϲҵģ𣿸ոе绰˵Ϲҵ֤ĻһҪúõĶԴλص˵
豣ĻȻ״ʮһ͸нԶȥıӰɵøп
ʮһǸսȥõʱȴһֻˣһŷͷӣڸʻȴһλò绨ŮֻŮüȴǴһɵĳʹúÿֻüëţ
㣬ﻹʲô尡Ķ䶷κγɼģͣóԵŮ˵
ûŻгɼֻһ£ܴܲһֻ԰Ƕɽ𣡡Ůӵᣬᵽ˸оţͬʱȴҲмֱ䣬ķ·Ҳů˺ܶ࣡
ЩĻôģУҲȫΪ˽òģȫɫͺ֮ǰǸƵģһҾͿǸʲôöŮӵԣ߷߲ƽ˵
ˣﲻȼ˶ӣòŮ˵һ䣬˾ȥ
ȥղǸԼʣµ𣿡Խܸոսȥ֮󣬼Χһȵ˵
ǰҲǹҵģȫ˶ˣʣο㻹ôſ϶ܶ˶ڴע⣡
Ҳûǵķݣ˵ѾҹӸ綢ˣŽӦû֣
ˣˣɵֲǷģһͷıӳɫ˳ż˵һ˾ͼ˾
ʮһ͸ûԶŸ߿۵Ů˹һ۸еĿƬ֮󣬶΢΢һЦŶһȥ
ŽӦŮһ·һ൱տĺ򳡵һĵطȻʮһͿеλϾȻӪе׼Ϲ壬е׼ңе׼ų¼ңңҵȵȣ
ʮһ͸жһۺߵһдŹڵϯλԣʱҲѾһЩˣԭӦϹҵӪģպϹѩСѾͷһܣһ߹ȥԱô죡
ֻʮһȴûз֣Ǹսʱ򣬾Ѿע⵽ǣһڳ¼ϯλеŮӣŮһͷںڵ㷢Ƥǰ𪣬ֻǲ֪ΪΣ۽Ǵȴ˱еβƣ
Ůڿʮһһ˲䣬˫֮гһĨŵɫû뵽Ϊʲôʮһһ㣡
ոµʮһиӦһ㣬ŮӵķȥȴʲôҲûвɵ˼һüͷջߣҡҡͷҲԼ̫ˣ


691 
ԼҲһСʱӣеλϾȻѾˣʮһȥÿһǰŶһôߣЩ߸ĸо΢
λãϷԶܵλϼǰαεıһ䶷б˵ļӵܶѾˣλһһǩɣ鵽˭˭ͻȻ䣬һ뷢԰״ŵ۵ߵмλãһ֧˷˵
ʲôС޲Ҫ̫ԼԶ˵껰󣬿ŲԶҪվϹѩЦֹ˵һμȻ֣ôͻȻ뻻򣬲֪˭𣿡
Ȼûôɣһһսֱûٸǰͳʣ֮˴Ϊֹʱʣµ˾䶷ĹھˣԶЦеɨӹȫ˵һ˶ĿɿڴĻҸյ峤Ļеÿһ˶³һսҲ˵ĵӿԲսۿĸλֻҪԸĻҲһս
ȥϴ䶷֪ЩӹСʵôоеأԶĻ󣬲ɵе˷ܵĿһԵʮһ˵ǽֻĸ죡
ʮһȴûлشеĻ˫΢ſеĽкԶߣֱо˵仰ԼйϵΪǺԶ˵仰ʱ۾ɨԼһۣ
ϴɵ˰ô˵ˣǲǿĸŮˣһʮһ٩˵
һȥҪĻһʱĻȥһ£²ȥˣҲǸ˵ϴڵĽսΪ㣡ʮһûİһ۸Уһ̯Щ˵
㿴ԣôϴڽսǸأװ˵ͱʮһһ˼ϣ
СӳӲŲھʹһ٣ʮһװݺݵӣ
Ż˭أʱȻȻбӵĿһʮһװ˵˰ϲԴޣ˭
ţһȥ˴ñ׵ʱ򣬱Ұæʮһ˸һۣ㲻һ
ʱ̨£ҲѾˣֹıǴûгֹģֻǷڹе˷ͺһյĹ̵ˮ֮УͻȻͬһˮƵģ
Ǻǣôɲã˷ʱģϷҲ˺ܶˣ˭ϣԼɣԶʱһεƵģƳ棬Լֳˣ
Ȼλôǫãһս˱ɣ˵䣬̨߳һԼʮ꣬ѿ׳
Ǽҵļ˵һǽǰǿˣۼĹһӾϳһ߳׳СĺԱߵͬ˵ţʮһ˵Ļȴûκε⣡
¶ֻҪ˵һ֮󣬾Ͳˣ⼾֮󣬴ӳ¼ҵĶ߳һӣòӦ⼾£
˻౧һȭ֮󣬾ͶԹ
Щ˵սʮһûһȤģֻһ۾ͲٿˣԭΪ˵ʲôˮзһ֮£ⲻôŪȫɵǸ
ʲôνķˮֻǸӶѣ
ֻʮһȤȴ˶Ȥ˵һԵĸУͿĺһ߿һ߱˼ˣ
Ȱʱȣʲôȭͷأǰ׳գ
ʮһǺԼûöĻԼʲôģֻǿֻϵʮһȴǷ֣ΪԼֻϹѩǸѾͷأһ֮ǰ͸ҵʱõģԼȻôʱ䶼ûע⵽ҲǹԵˣ
뵽ʮһɵøϹѩһϢȥڹϯأ嶯
㣬أܿ죬һӶʮһֻյϹѩϢϢݵʱʮһɵεҡͷЦһ£ŽֻʱȴǷһϢ
Цƨ
ʮһɵ̧ͷϹѩķȥѾͷûпԼںԱߵһأɵػһ仰ô֪Цأ
Ϲѩܿͷĸ֣滹һץı飡
ʮһֱֻͲٿˣǱ۾ԹԵⳡµıԼҲȤϹѩѾͷԼҲ˽⣬ֻҪ˵û£


692 Ӣ
Ҳ֪˶ãеʮһúԼɵô֮˳ȴǿһԵĸڿԼ
£ʮһû˵
ϹС³ˣкٺһЦָָ̨£ʮһ˵
ԣʮһ¿ȥȴÿϹѩһӳһӣСվڳУǷĿŸ壡
ôô³ˣʮһüͷʵ
죿ѾȥСʱˣڲ³ͿԲˣץסᳰʮһһ䣡
ֻϹѩһ֮һӰߵ˳У
ϴ˭һЩп̨µŮѯʵ
ʮһû˿ԥĻش
Ȼһ̵ĹϹѩѾֻǿķˣȴһ֮ǰǰܵĹţ
ϹѩܺŮкõıһ£̨¾ֻʣԼˣ
һε䶷ˣ˭Ҫս𣿹ϯϵļαҲǿԵŶ𣿡Զ֧˷磬˵
һΣʮһԺȷϼһ˵αҲսʱ򣬺ԵĿһۣ
ϴôоƥڿأһԵĸжǲˣ
أʮһ˫۶źԶȴǲ̲˵һ䡣
ðɣȻûսôε䶷ھǡԶûҪ³Ľ࣬ҪȴǱһͻأˣͼһ
Զ㼱ʲôأҿǻûͬھأ߳˺ǽĵİһԺԶҲƺûжأ
ҪͿ㣡ӻŻؼҿأԶӵĻüͷɨһ۶ԷߵһԵλˣ
ɣǲֻô޵Ļ䣡һһŤߵǰһɵλվ
룬ƾҲ䣿û뵽㲻̬ôıˣʱϼУĺ
ߣĽ϶ҵţġӺݺݵĵ˼һۣĴЦţǳӢҲǳӢ۵Ĵ磬ĽϵϹ
Ӣһ仰Ĳ֪ô˵ˣֻץǰĺƣһںȵ˱֮
򣡡ʱȴֻ˵ôһ仰һ˾ųӢ˹ȥиǳźذףҪ֪֮ǰϹѩսУ˫ɶûģ
Ůˣץôĥ㣿Ӣݺݵ˵һ仰һӣһУӭ˳ȥ
ϴ̬ǡȻ֪ʮһĳ˭ģ̨µĳӢͼĶԻɵЩĿʮһ¶ĵɫ
ûʲôģһ̬ѣʮһ֪ǵԼģҡҡͷν˵
СҪˣʮһųд򶷵˫üͷ˵û뵽гĳ̬ôֻ⹦·ȥΪʲôôаأ
ȻʮһĻո£̨½ս˱ֿˣ˱ǿһװǴһ˿ѪɫЩ԰׵ĶźûʲôƵĳӢ
㲻ҵĶ֣ȥɣӢ߰Ŀӻ־Ҫ
̫ţΪӮҲɣĸ֮ˣӢǰ̬˫۱䣬Ҫذ׽һ
ߣΪҲ֪еذһʽУҲûõģҪִݻô޵˶һĵģӢһ̬Ƶģ񣬱һ̬
㣬ȥɣ׼һƴʱȴǲ֪ܵߣɷ˵ľͰ˻ȥ
ʲôصλϵʵ
֪дһƵģóֻҳݵǰ
ߣ֮һżαϯݺݵĵһۣɵеһ£⻹ԼǸԹ쳣Ľ𣿾Ȼһ˶
˵ҪһֱҵıأοǸ˲޷ͻƣɱʮһĶţ
Ǻǣڻ˭û˵Ļ䶷ĹھɾҵˣӢҲѾȥˣɵſĴЦʵĵУΨһܶвҲֻˣˣܲˣ
û뵽үүҵôʱôͬʱӢȴЩмүү̸


693 ³ɺ
û˼ӢܸҿҶˣкǵ⣬ɵŵ˵ͻȻ֮ǰõĴ㣬ЩտԼҵλŵŮӣЦ˵ԴС㣬˵Լұţΰһ˾ͰǱأ
л¹ӵĺ⣬ˣĮĿھܾ˳Ӣķϻ
ӣʶôԼֻǽˣû˽Ӽǣǽܶ˻ͷģӢȻҾܾԼɵдŭ
ճµģ˵һ㣬ҺҽͷҲûϵοƾôвŮĶǱ𣿡ӢȻɵòȻŭ
ߣȱ֮ҾͰҵĴϣȻҾɱ㣡ӢݺݵĿ˵ɱǸһڸվǰҷַӾɱ
㲻䣡Ļشܼ򵥣ȴҲֱӣĶųӢ˵
ӣҾɵҵĴϣǸʮһҿȻһӢŭգţ
ֻ⻰˵֮ڳܶȴ¶һֿ׳յԼһֻмӢۣҲϹѩ
ιǸвŮļһлʲôأүүȻȻͻȻϯվһˣԽһЩĿԿӵһ̣
ݣôȻԳүүҲɱ㣡Ӣ˫ֱŹϯվĸУһĭ
㣡ʱԼҵλϣȴһӼĺݺݵץסϵıӣŵĿ
ȴָûеõĻӦȴֻѾǲվ˫֮нˮ˫ҧţŸԱŵǸɫͷӣ
ͬʱڳ¼ҵλϣ֮ǰ͵͵ʮһǸŮҲǻţָֻǽŵĲͣĴţ
У㲻Ķֵģʮһ˿Ҳǻվӣĸеļ򣬶󻺲¼αϯĬĬĸ˺棡
ҿȻֳһ˭Ӣ֮ǰǸһӵ󣬲ɵɻĿǰʵȻое죡
ղŲ˵ңͻһɱ˵ҳǰ㷴ʶˣʮһЦһ˵Ѿߵ̨£
Ҹղ˵ʮһӢôҲû뵽ôɵľʮһˣʮһΪ¼ҵĳȻĺݣȻʱʶ˽ŵĽ
ӢǺǣˣҪɱô֣ʮһ˵ţȴѾ˫˾Ӣҵľ룡
Ҹղֻ˵˵ѣôɱأӢǰʮһеˣʮһǿһɱ˵ˣΪԼһȣ
Ҳе𣿡ʮһ˵̫֮ϲŭ֣
ŶӢæֱʾԼдˣ
ʱ¼ҵλϣӢͳӢ۵үүҲǳ¼ҵļһŭݵĿųӢΪӢʮһΪӢٿʮһֵ֮ųӣʹúܶǳ¼ҵ棡
λϣԵļ峤ȴһƵĿų´ɽҲǳ¼ҵļ
ڵ˼˵ɱˣʮһųӢ˰ӣЦʵ
ɱôأӢȻкɱʮһȴ֪ΪΣʮһǱӣ;ûһ˿ĵ
ǺãҪɱˣʮһЦ˵µͬʱ΢΢̧𣬶¶ȥʱһɴ֮ӿӢϮȥ
ۣ
Ӣû뵽ʮһ˵־Ͷ֣֮򵽣һѪ˳˾ˤ֮ĵϣ
һ£ڳ˶ˣǶ֪ʮһǿǸղӢ֮ҲĿõİȴ뵽ʮһֻһоͽӢѪ
ʮһ㱰СˣСүƴˣ׻˵˻ǽأӢԼѾôˣʮһȻôĲӣһ͵Ϯŭڣ֮ӣһʮһ˹ȥ
ųĳӢʮһǣһĨЦĬھ˫žӡڳӢ嵽һ׵ʱͻȻ촽΢ţһֺ˳ȥ٣


694 
ԭӢԼѾ嵽ʮһǰˣʮһָֻ뵽һԼͻһնɱʮһм֣ȴ뵽һʱͺһڵһ㣬ˤ˳ȥԼ³ƮɢڿûµѪӢãȻģ
׸ոյǷʲôΪֻԷ˵һ֣ԼдɽѹĸоԼΪλԷʵ֮
ʮһĹܳӢ˿ЩʲôڶԷһжϣԵκͣһ׷˦ɳȥĳӢȥиѾһб
һνӢɵʮһֵͳӢȻϲɫ֮ȴЦĶϲ£ˣʮһʵԽǿҲ˵պǵõĿҲԽ
һߵĽݷĽȴϵıǸӣֻΨһͬǣĽϵϳ˸֮⣬һ˿ϲɫǵģϲõɫȻֻһţ
ôԵһߵȴһ䣬һԵɫͣر任ʮһʹ޵ģֻʹʮһɱԼ֮ˣʹʮһΪҪͽ㰵Ҳɱʹǽܶûκεˣ
ʮһҪɱʮһҪ׷ѾڵϵĳӢʱһߵ˳һӰǳʮһǰ
˭ʮһͻȻԼǰͷȻϳڳ¼λǸͷһ
Ϸ´ɽʮ˵
ʶʮһȴֻǵĻһ˵ÿ
ƿСҪ̫ſͻСϷͲ׷ðϷˣ´ɽĺӶҪǹ˼ֳôļϼһһƾ˳ȥˣ
ù·ʮһȴһӶǣһĨζЦ˵˵ǳ¼ҴСľϵģʮһֵֻһˣſ˶۸ǣ
İϴ󣬾ͳ¼ô񣬾ȫϣҲһȺѣдʱʱվ˳мĴӳ¼ҵһһɨһֻڲĻһ£һŪƣ
֣ʮһͷѵһУΪʮһΪϵ˳¼ң´ɽҲһСʶصıʱȴֻʮһ˵ҲǸ߹㣬Ҫ˵ʵ˼˶಻˼

ʮһ仰Եһº󣬺ܲЦԼЦҲţȻ˼վϹƣ
ֻǳ¼֮еĳӢۣʱȴǸоеΣȻ֪ʮһ͸Щô˵Ҳǳ¼֮ˣճ°ǿԶͶЦЦıʱΣԱ۾һ۲Ϊ
СӣΪϷ򲻸ɱ𣿽ӢҾȶˣ´ɽŭĿԲ˫ֲݺݵĶʮһ
ϳ£Ҳ̫ҪˣС֮ģôأҲ±ЦͻȻһ˵ѭȥȴǷǴϹҴģϹҸô˵´ɽģҲֻһˣǾϹѩүүϹҵļϹ޳
Ϲ޳ûӾҪСӸ𣿡´ɽǳĿһϹ޳ŭ˵
죬ûǸʵͱװǴ⣡˭֪Ϲ޳ȴһ˵Ļʹó´ɽڳܶϼһﶼһ㶣
Ϲ޳Ļǲûʲôͬλĵ˶Уȴһ壡
ȻֻϹ޳ڻشų´ɽ⣬ʵϣһ̣Ϲ޳ȴѾԼѾվ˳¼ҵĶϣ
Ϲ޳⻰ʲô˼´ɽתͷϹ޳Ͼ֮ɫ
˼а˲˹㲻ҲԶ˰ɣ˵ѾϺͿˣϹ޳ǿһ׳ƵĿų´ɽ˵ĻǺһѸֵһֱڳ֮˵ĶУ
ʮһû뵽Ϲ޳վԼ˵ԭΪûϣɱӢˣȴлˣ´ɽϹ޳һ۾ĵĸӦܵĵ֮
֮ǰ֮һŽõ֮ɳӢ˵Ӣ֮Ĳж󣬶ΪӢ˵ʱ򣬾ĸӦŵǰߵǼҲֻΪ˸õĸӦѣ


695 Ӣ֮
ԣʱ´ɽںϹ޳ţԼҪԽ´ɽȥɱӢǲܣٴθӦ˵
ԭˮʦ֮߷ǺƽʽֻУȴǺзˮʦˣԭǶʮУܶŷȫˣʮһҲΪھмزŻģֻԭҪҪƷʦſʹõģֻǲ֪ΪΣ˷֮ȻƷʦʵͿʩչ
ȻЩ˼飬ȴҲûлҸ޾ĺôʮһҲֵˣ
ʱԾϹ޳ĳ´ɽȴûв治ԶϹ޳һ˿ײľâϹ޳Ҳû뵽ʮһ˻ôĺԭֻűԼ̬ȣһΪʮһԼ۰Ůˣپ֮ǰȹϹս죬Ҳͳ˱Ϲĸֱʣ
Ȼͳ˸ֱʣôʱӦվοӸղʮһԽ֮ɳӢصľԲɱӢѾӵȷ£ʮһˣ
վҲֻϣ´ɽῴϣʮһ鷳ȴҲ뵽ʮһȻڳ´ɽԱߣɱ˼ҵӣ
ѾõΪˣֱ޷ˣ
ߣװģ´ɽͻȻ䷢ԵʮһȻʧһ㣬һ仰û˵ɵתͷһۣȻֶԷ۾վһͺ˯һ㣬̲סһ
ֻ´ɽͷֲԵĵطˣΪڻعͷʮһ֮ǰԼȴͻȻʮһվˣ˵Լʵȫܷģ
뵽˴´ɽͻȻһĨ֮ɫʮһ˫һĨ֮ɫ̧־Ҫһʮһȥ
һߵϹ޳ôҲû뵽´ɽѾ޳ܵ˶Сֵľ磬һ䣬ҪȥȻˣλǴ˳ȥ
ڳ´ɽһʱѾվ˰ʮһͻȻ˫ۣһ˿֮ɫ˫һһʮֵľ룬Ȼ֮յö˳´ɽһƣ
ȳ´ɽٴξҪʱȴѾˣΪϹ޳ȴѾϵˣõǰ
֮꣬ұʮһ˫֮оâ˸ǣһĨЦݣſлҽֻ΢΢̧ȥ
䣡
ԽһЩһͺһ㣬۾˾ͷ֣ʮһĽһۺƶһһǱԾˤڵϣѾһϢĳӢ˹ȥ
ΪҪ˵ǷأΪȥȷʵֻٶȼֱȷһĿ죡
飡
һڸ˶𣬳´ɽǼæӿȥֻⲻãһ֮£˶˷һ㣬ҪʮһϹ޳ȻǰһĻҲе𾪣ȴǼִŵڳ´ɽǰʹ䲻ȥʮһ
һһļоԶҪһ·ʲôˣǲɵվŲŬ߿
ôͱأѵʲôµĹֲ´Ľţǳ¼һǼҺܶ˶ڵȴûпһ㣡
ʮһһѾ߰˰ĳӢǣһĨЦݣҲ䶯ô˫ָ󣬾Ŀų¼֮˾ֵףԼ´ɽҪɱԼȴΪϹ޳ķŭ飡
žòĳӢһ֮ͻȻһԵλϣĵЦΪռĻ¼֮˾Ի˺
ҵļȴֻǵƳһۼԼӢһ֣صĿʮһû뵽ʮһ˷ǱȻһǴصģ
ʮһȻҲ˼ǲƵĿ⣬ȴֻǵƳһ۶Է⿴һƳȴʹüкѻ𣬿ǱԾԼ
ʱ˿̣¼֮УĽȴҲЦˣڽˣ
ӣЦʲôϹˣӦÿ֪Ůˣ¼֮һŮ˿ĽЦɵһץסĽϵͷһƣƵ˵ϣ
ӨӨס֣ͻȻվҪ¼ҳȥȴǱסˣסĵܵܣҲǺϵõĵܵܣ
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696 
Ҳô˵϶ǱȵģԴӴүүչ֮󣬾ûٸĻļҼȻĺһ䣡
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үǳ鰡ʲôأҳ¼ҵϱҲҴϱӨӨҲ֮ǰץĽͷǸŮˣ˵
ߣʹˣ϶ҲǲǸ̬ģȻԾɱץţȴ˵
ΣѵͰ𣿲¸㣬һֱŵĳӣȻǸڴѧʱϲǸѧ֮ǲǺްӨӨúܳ˵ˬƵģ˵֮󻹲ͷǿ׳ż
ֻ仰˵֮󣬲ûеõеļ޵ĳֻǿһȻ˵ϣʹӨӨȻкˬ
ԭĿų¼̬ʮһӨӨ仰֮˶±ˣһЩʧǵų¼֮ȥ
ʱĳ¼֮˳˳ӨӨͳ֮⣬ֻгӢע⵽ʮһĶֻǳӢȴǲ˵ģ
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ֻǳ´ɽʣǳӨӨ֮µѯʣûеõκεĻشʮһͺ˭ĻҲûƵģߵڵϵĽԣ֣
Ľڳ´ɽͳӨӨ֮ǰһֱڶʮһڿʮһֵʱϹҸЦݣִʮһƣ
ˣҪʲӨӨĽϾȻ߬סʮһƣɵþҪĽϣһôֻû˵ͱʮһıŵļæ죡
Բˣʮһᣬ·˻ŵʲôƵģ
濪Ļټ㣡ĽҡҡͷΡΡһֻ֣ʮһȥ·𾭹һһ㣬ÿϳе˶촽΢ȴ૵㻹ô˧ȴѾղˣ
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˵Ŀ֮£ʮһĽϵתȥ·һж޹һ㣡
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һ̣˷·ص˸һʱĳǸʱ򣬶Ҳ֣ʮһǰ棬Ľϸں棬ܶ²ǣֲͬ
ΪʲôϲҵְĽ֮ǰǰЦʵ
һֱ˧գһԺӡԺĨȥô죿ʮһҲһ֮ǰǰش
Ǿһֱӡź˰ĽЦ˵ֻǰȣȴһ仰ԭһ䣬ѵ㲻һӺһ
ҵȻһӶһˣôƯֹɵŮȥʮһҲһǰǰشֻλ滹һ仰ԭһģСһһ
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Ϊһ̣´ɽųȫʵȻѾǴﵽ൱Ʒʦľ磬Ϲ޳Ǽ죬ϼһȫסˣǵõϢУ´ɽֻ˧ľģھȻͻȻչǰľ磡
һֱĽֵʮһȻҲͻȻƣæתȻĽϵԼ˫е˲Ϊ䣬һֻֿٵָǸڳ´ɽԼ֮ǰ˳ȥͬʱбȳ٣


һȳ֣ʮһǸоһѣΣһдҪŵϵȥֻһ˿ʶԲԵ£ȻֹкĽϣҲпΣգ
ΣͷҧһԼ⣬֮Ȼֻó´ɽ̬ƶô룬ɵ´󾪣
ֻʱѾľΪ´ɽѾ֮ˣۿҪԼǰˣһѪų´ɽ˳ȥͬʱ˫֮һ˿֮ɫ
ƥɱСүôԣʮһ˫һ˲ͽѪɫͷϸٴγöϸϸĺɫӡǣ


697 ҺԼ
ֻʮһ̧ȭָֻСĴָŵģӭų´ɽһƱ㰴˳ȥ
ħָһɷһħħָȿ˵Ǻħָ棬Ҳ˵ħָ
ÿһλħָڱһ˿ħħ۵һ̶ȵʱ˱ʧȥʶΪһֻ֪ɱ¾Ļ֪ʹ֪ģ֪飬Ψһɱ¾
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һ촫ʮһ󻬳ȥһɶԶȴǲϵѪĽϵĵĸţֻȴ·ƵģΪ´ɽһƣʮһѾܵصˣڵľѾеĶˣ
ĳ´ɽĹҲͣʱĳ´ɽȻ˸ղŴʮһָϺʲôԼľУû⣬ֻǵǶԷѣ
ʮһȻԽһƣȻվܸе⣡
ʮһ
ϹҺԼҵλϣͬŮһ˾ͿŮųеʮһȥܵ;УŮ࿴һۣ˾ͺ񱻵Ѩһ㣬ȫվؿʮһΪǴʱŷ֣ʮһ߻һŮˣղֻܳʶĶѣ
ĽϿŮΪʮһˣĵ˳οͬʱҲǹЦݣ
ȻûȥɣͻȻӳ´ɽܳһӰһѵʮһ˹ǳӨӨ
ʮһȻŮˣһɱ磬ŭ֮£֪óһذףžͳʮһʱŮѾǷˣ
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ǵģ֮ǰʮһǣĽϵߵʱΪ˲Ŷ˱ͣˣڳ´ɽʱҪϣȴǱ´ɽŵ㣬Ҫǰ
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ʮһȻ˳ŵĳӨӨȴѾǿ֮ĩˣټħڵŰʹϹѩ͵öǰŻָƣҲһ㶼ˣ
ѵʮһһŮݣҪǴȥĻСүԺ
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ʮһޣҺܹ֮ܿǰټһ棡ĽϿʮһµˮȻ΢Ц˵·о˿ʹƵģ
ΪʲôôɵǺò׼棬ΪʲôҪҵһʮһĳţȴǴš
Ѿ䲻ˣڵĽѾҲزȥСˣ֪壬ӦңԺҪúõĻţĽ˵ѾЩ϶ˣ
˵ɵԶҵСԶǣʮһʹҡҡͷϵˮѾܲɺˣ
ֵиõŮȥ㣬֮иõŮȥģҼûѡȥΪٿһֻۣ׿ڶ˵һԲҲӦΪ˼壬һһֱһģ
㲻֪ʱжôĿģͬʱǶôԱ㻹ǰǰˣȴǱһֻ̣ˣѾٸɾˣղ߹ǣҵ֣ģĺÿģ֪޷ǰĵһˣ
ҺԼһĻе壬ĻҸˣ
׺ΪˮȴɽƣֱֿԺҲе鵽仰˼Ӧңûаմܳ´ɽ֮ǰǧҪұ𣡡
ȿȣ˵˵꣡ĽϿʮһҪ˵һ£˿˿Ѫ˵һֱſԡڱһ¡ٿıǣ֡󣡡
ҺޡҺúްҺԼ֣ҺԼˣҺԼ䲻㣡


698 ӵĳ
С˵ʱĽϵѾᵽʮһҪĲſˣ˵ҲѾһ˵һ仰ˣ
һҪǸǣ֡ҸС
˵仰ͬʱĽŬ֣Ҫٴδһİ֮˵գǾôһ򵥵ԸȴǺмˮǧɽһ㣬һ˵ʱֻûʮһգٵĵȥĽҲǱ˫ԭ覣ȴѾβƵӣ
϶˵ҪģһûأôأʮһĿ˳ȻĽϻȵ˫
㶼Ѿ뿪һˣеڶ뿪ˣûûҲʮһţ˫ҡĽϵ壬ȴ͵òκεĻӦĽĽϱ˻УҪѶԷԼƵģ
ʱڳеˣԼͬıʮһĽθˣǱĽǰ˵ЩüĻˣʮһĿģѾ˵ĳ
Ϲѩ˸Ѿ棡
ҲóֵģҲֵĻͲˣңұǸ֮ˣʮһþȫĽϱҿѾ޸һƣ
ߣʮһĽϵ壬ɵĿһ۴ŵķתһǣһУߣ
Ҳǿվ壬һһεĸʮһ
ߣߣĽҳ¼ҵĶϱҲҳ¼ҵĶϱ˵ʬȥ˭Ҳ뿪ʱһѭȥǱˣǳ´ɽ
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үү´ɽĻϹѩضүүš
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ʮһûԥӴƿڵһҩ裬һͨɫȴ˿˿׵֮ŵҩ裬һ죬ʮһ㽫ҩȥóˮֱԼϺ͸еϣ
Ȼʮһվԭر۾ɮ붨һ㣬ֻ״Ϲѩע⵽⣬ڲ
˭´ɽͻȻ֣ʹسɴߣȴһԷʵҪǿܶ࣬ΪʹҲʹһʽسɴ磬ֻƷܶ꣬ȶסǿ߲Żᣡ
ӣ㲻Ѿ𣿡´ɽʶȴʶһԵļ컺վһһٵ˵
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ѽ㲻ǰȾʮһϹѩʱȴǿ첽ܵǰ˵
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ʲôУȴתͷϹ޳ǳһ䣬˵СѾͷҪǿˣ֪ʵеҶҶأ㣿Ȼһ¼ҳĻɫŵˣҪҲˣҾԺúõĴһʰʰ㣡
Ҫ㲻뵱峤ңľˣû׼ҲѾƷأϹ޳ݺݵĵһӣȴǱԹѣ
ǵĸǽ峤λôӵģ˭֪һﾹȻ·ˣֻһ˵Ҫ׷ͰѼ峤λøˣҲֻǽЩܾյ峤Щ꣬ÿ춼ڴַĵ飬ĻʱҪ֪ǲʵ͵ģ
ߣΪΣͬΪƷο´ɽǲмһ˵һʱͻȻͣסˣһٴվļ죡
οңӹ´ɽĻڸոգѾͨȷ˶ݵˣ
վٶҲãһѶѣȴ֪Ӷ˵һһͣȴǸȫ⣬ڶɨһۺһڳ֮ʱѾ˳´ɽǰڶԷδüκӦ֮ʱһ˶Էϣ
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ǸĽѵԺ˵ע㣬ϹҲСǵģһ˵´ΣҲǳ¼ʧϣ
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үүȾʮһϹѩĿһΣӣһ˫ҡӵĸ첲
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ѩͱΪˣǼͷͳƥֵĻүүǲӮãϹ޳ȻӵĿԣ˵Ȼ´ɽʵүүһĲ࣬Ǽȴǲүүٵģ
ô죿ѵôĿʮһ´ɽ𣿡ϹѩɫǵģѾЩˣ
İɣҹСӲô֮ˣҸоһҼʱе㲻һˣοǰѱûгأӿϹѩɫɵЩ˵޳ȥĹŮóȥˮȻϹѩܵܵŮȴҲŮʱЩɸٰ֣һҲӦÿ
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˵һ̣ʮһҪҪֱͨȴǴ뷨ΪǱͷ϶ΪһҲֻƴɱ˳´ɽмԼɱ´ɽģ
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700 ɽͼ֣
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һ˲䣬ŵļ죬Ϲ޳Լȫֱͦˣһ˫ָǺݺݵץŵɳϣȣƤɳƤӶǱץˣԼȴ֪
һһֱδ˵ֻӳһƴ˳´ɽʱе㶯ݵģλϵҼһҲ͵Ľ˫Ĵģͻˣԭݵɳϵ壬һ̣Ҳͦñֱһеǰбţеˣ
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ʲôΪʲôôΪһоһѹ֮أ´ɽΪɽͼŵĿ꣬ʱȴҪ˵ĸܲһʱиһļ£
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ƾҲ䣿ʮһȵֳʽָ״ͷҲصĶɽͼһָгһɽ֮ѹ
ʮһһϺȣʱһɽͼɢ˳ʮһֵָӭųĳ´ɽͺȻ˹ȥ
䣡
һ촫˾Ϳһɽʯ֮ɵķ۳ڳ´ɽܣʹó´ɽӰеģ̫˲ɵþ쳣Ҫ֪ĵȫǴʯɵģӲ̶ȿ֪ô׾ģ
һߵʮһʱȴǲɵ³һѪԭѾת˺ܶɫһ˲ǲ԰˺ܶ࣡
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ڴʱĳ´ɽ鲻·ԼЩ԰׵գλϼһȴǷ·ûпƵģΪǴʱעȫʮһɢŵɫâɽͼϣ
ʱǵϳ𾪺Ͳ֮⣬һֱ飬ϸֵֻ̰̰۾ѾŹˣһҰǿʱһ̰
ӺϹ޳ϲŵǳأȻһ䱸Ŀż죬Լϼһ
ǶͬϾȻ֮ɫǵģһֻͽԼʱŻеϣ
Ȼ˺ң̫ҾˣҲΪͼڱصã´ɽԼϱѿļѪܣϸֳһ˿̰ɫ
ͼ㲻´ɽʮһͻȻ両ֳһĨһƭһСеİʱֱ飡
룡ʮһһ˫֮бһ˿ȻɫֵĽָɽͼһ㣬еȵˮ֮ɱ
ˮ飬˵˵ģǴɱϢģ
ʮһָǣһĺˮ֮͵ĳ˳´ɽ
ʲôƣ´ɽʵĺ˫͵ǰһ䣬ӭʮһɽͼдǹȵĺˮ˹ȥ
飡
һʹܶ˶Ĥʹúܶʶס˶䣬ԭǲӦôʹĤģǣʱ˿̣ܶȴеĸоˣĤ̵ۣ
˾ͿһĻǾȲѣܶһӶǵãÿθ𶼻ȰԼһε龰
ֻײ֮ʮһˤȥ˺Զʱǿһֻ첲ڵϣȻϲûг̫ѪɫȴѾһշˢǽһѩףȥֻʣһڵƵģ
һߣԭֻ飬ֱ˿˿Ѫĳ´ɽһ̾Ȼ嶼ѾѪȾˣֻղʮһԺֱ۾ȻڵεεѪϸȥȻֱ۴⴦ĶˣҲ˵ʱĳ´ɽұ߸첲ֻʣһ뻹


701 ǿ
ֱֻ۴ʱȴǲ֪٣ֻܿڳ´ɽվŵĵطѵĹͷ״ʹСһ˵Сۣ
ų´ɽֻʣ°ֱֻ۵ұ۴ǰɭɭĹͷԼϵѪ˶ǵһ
˭û뵽ʮһһоȻôȻԶϵ´ɽİֻ첲ȻԾվŵĳ´ɽȣʮһʱӵһЩ˶ܹóʮһֻΪʵǿʹɽͼЩѶѣԵĻһʱվͻĺתģ
п첽ܵʮһǰʮһ˫ȴһֻŭӥһ㣬ĶŶһһĳ´ɽ
̫ҵˣ㲻ǻһѱôóˣҿ˵һѿԲ֮ڵķأ´ɽʱһһ㣬Ŀһ۶ϵֱۣǳһĨ̵Цݣұ۶ϵĵطĨһ£ͷһϵѪʮһ˵
ȥһʦȥǣʮһȴȫͲ´ɽĻǵĶŸ˵
ϴҲߣҪҲҪһߣȴΪʮһҪɵҡͷܾ֪ʮһѾʹطʵȻͳ´ɽˣ
ֵȻһߣϧ˭Ҳ߲ˣ´ɽеĻſĴЦţֻһЦ֮£촽մȾѪȻʼϸȥŷֲ֮ǰֱ۵ѪѪӳ´ɽĿԭղһ£ֹ˰ֻ첲ѣˣ
ƥӺƴˣˢһվһȭԼϣһȭһȭһԼʮȭǶԼѪˣ
ŹңҲԲа´ɽаԼѪˣɵſĴЦ
סˣΪеϾȻʼӿĻɫ壬ŴӣɫҲԽԽŨȻɻɫϸоһɵɱ
ȻɷΣʦ˭һߵļһվָŸУĳţֻȴû˻ش⣡
ɷΣС̣´ɽɻֹһ˫֮һ׹ⱬͻȻоһ˳ȥ
˾Ϳеһڵһ㣬ݺݵʮһԣڵѪƺ˵ĺأ
ɽͼҵģǡڴʱͻȻһ˾ԾƯʮһɽͼȥֻǲŸճ嵽һͱӣ
ӣţΣӾ˶࣡컰£Ƕķ󺰵ɽͼȻоô䣡
żĻ£ҺиǷֱһӰһɽͼȥֻǰ;ȴǱһסˣͿǵǰվһӰȻ죡
Ҫʲô죿ҺҵļȻסˣпһ£ڳˣΨһܹӴĲµģҲֻˣȻҲ԰֪Ǵ򲻹˵ģڲУ
죬ӣһӣ缾Ƕһɱ孹ʵĳֻ֣һȴΪˣŻʹĵűܶ˵Ƕѣ
ɽͼ˭쵭ǳ˵
ѵ㻹̲ɣĺǳرҲҭ
ߣʲôˣһ˲ɽͼֻСֵܵģ֮˭ҲҪһӦһ֮˶Լ˵ĲмԼİ
סƥɽͼ´ɽЦһҪȥɽͼӺ״Ҫȥȴκαǰ֮˸סˣϾ˾Ǵ򲻹ǣһʱ仹ȫûģ
ۿų´ɽҪǰˣʮһҲѾʼת֮е׼һˣȴʱͻȻߴһžһ죬ʦܵıҲģ
ŵʮһһ֪ӦòԱˣһߵϹѩڿʮһǰվŵ˵ʱҲ˷ܵĴˣʮһоˣ
´ɽǿڷģѾӿѪֵĿǰͻȻֵӣֻ˫ֱǰԼ˫֮д˲м


702 Ӵ
ó´ɽǲˬģô˭ôԼÿ˺ҪԼҪƵģ
˭ΪҪңǲˬ鲻ˬ´ɽǲϾڱѾսѾܵӰˣӸղһ¿ԷʵҲͣԻʸ׵ĺã
ò˵´ɽ뷨ǺõģֻһӣӵĻش֮ͺˣ
Ҳ˵ʦ𣿡ŵƳһ۳´ɽԱߵʮһñӵĿ˵ͱôһӴǶʦŵ
Ļʮһǳ鴤һ£ðҲòã൱ƷʦĴڰȴЦ˵ʦ˵ǣҶˣ
û磬Ǹʮһĸʦ֣
ݣ˵˭أ´ɽķȥǿһµΣסˣԼⷽ濴Ҳĸˣȫ˸סˣԼ˵ӣܴӮǰӣҲ˵һǧ˰٣
Ƭ֮ʮһ͸ѾϹҵ˷ˣĽϵʬҲķһԣ
֮ԻΪĵպôﵽֳʵһƽ㣬ʱ˫˭Ҳκβ˭佩ţһֻȴɵ˳´ɽȻ˵һսʵ֪ˣȴҲ˶˰ֻ첲˵Ŀܾˣοһӣ
ԣȻ˷ˣϱ֮ѪҲֹסˣȴԾɶݺݵĵʮһͺҪʮһһ㣡
ϴŵĺһһĻָƣʮһɺĿʵʦ֣ôģ
ʱĸˣҲ˭֮ǰзˮϵǸʵѹʮһˣȴǸԸһڶ
ֻôֳʮһʦأѵ˵һһӵ£ⲻܰǵĻǲûյκηοʵôǿᣬܶ嶼֮һҪ˺úõĲһ絽ʲô
ǰ֮ǰҵңڽдһѣһ£ʮһĻ󣬵˵
ԭˣȻʱѾһдһѣʮһȻ֪еǰ˭ĳɹҲϵʦˣ
Ҳ̫ˣǰһʮһƲƲӵ˵
ĻʮһûзΪ˵ʵԼȷʵ̫ˣԼƷʦʵôͷˣĽҲΪԼ
λѵҲһӵͽܣӿ磬ɻʵ
Ͻ߰ɣһҪȥأϹһ˷̫ʱˣƳһӣûлشԷĻǶʮһ˵
ʦֵһ£ʮһ˵ͷǿվӶϹ޳ӣԼ챧ȭ˵飬лλǰĳˣպõʮһĵط뾡ܷԸ
Сֵܣˣʱ䣬ǲȱ裡Цź˵
Ϲ޳ȴ̾˿˵Ҳûаʲô̫æɷģսͳĳŵԶЧΪڲҲҵǩ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôûǰѱڻ̫ûʵ֮ǰñĶֻѣһ˵ģֻںʮһ˵仰󣬲һĻ͸ˣû취˭ղѯĻ粻شˣ
ҪǿҲʮһƢ綼ˣ֮ǰɽһƾõ֤ˣ
λǰȸˣԺлټʮһٴαһȭ֮ߵһԱϵĽϣתȥ͸Ǹ˺棡
ϹѩʮһĽ뿪ˣҪȥȴԥһ£Ȼͣˣ
ʮһĽϵʬߵĽݼҵӪʱĽݷѾˣվʮһĽľһ˵ĽݼҶԲǣ
㲻϶ĸ磡ʮһûκεֻͣǵһ仰ͷҲصˣ
ӪУҪһߣȴǱ˸Ҳ֪ܳƼ˵һ˵ϣˮ¶һ˿ЦݣҲڵҸģ
ʮһĽϵʬһ·ߣüθж˵ţΪʮһƻûкתȻԼҲˣǱϾʣҪʮһúܶ࣡


703 
ֻȴÿζֹˣʮһᣬΪܾúܾǰҲʮһ
˵侳Ҫ侳ô򵥵ģû飬ô侳أ
Сʱ֮ʮһĽϵһ·һĹأŵ˶ŷˣȻĹأҲûмоôİʮһǮ֮󣬱ʮһѡ˼Ĺأʮһѡ
ʮһֻѡһǮ֮󣬲ſϾͽȥ
ĽϵʬĹǰʮһĴһ£ĶĽϵʬ˵ģǲὫģһΪѡһˮõĵطΪҵģ
ʦ֣ȥæȥɣﲻˣʮһվ˵
ԼذɣԸ´λټĻᣡסһ㣬Ҫģ̾һʮһļתһһȥ
ϴ󣡡пȥıӰٿʮһԼʮһԵĽʬʱ򣬲ɵõĵĽе
𣿡ʮһתͷɻĿŸС
֪ҵ굱ʱҵЩսڿʱԸʲô𣿡ûлشʮһ⣬ͻȻʵ
ڼ磿ʮһʵ
ǣֻǵϣΪмᶨķʮһĻش𣬶ʮһ۾һһٵ˵߶ԣʲôĵطˮǺǻǲȥĵģֻϣԼΪ԰ģ
˭Ͷ̥һ˼أʮһŸʵ
ʲôǺãʲôǲãвûֱӻشʮһ⣬Ƿһ䣡
٣ǼӦǰİʮһشŸе⣬ȥȴһ˫۾ȴĿһԷŵĽϵʬ壡
ˣѵΪĽļͥǲҵѵڳ֮ǰĸĸͲ۰ֻÿ˲ͬʱվڵͬѣ㻹ңֻĽϣÿϵʱ򣬾Ѿעһˣ
˵ңǵԾϲѪ㣬ԭֻһͨͨĴѧΪĽϵ뿪ôȥУȻôܳΪһˮʦأĽȻˣô֪ǿĵȥأ㿴ϵڻŵЦݣ
ѰһõķˮȫԣҼǵ˵һõķˮô׵ģԵȣܵѵʬ˻û˵㻯˹ҲνΪȥظҪתͶ̥ϣлټ㰡
Ѱɣϴ󣡡˵ʱһȭʮһϣʱʮһ˺ܴһ飬翾еƵģúܿ죡ڸһƺʮһ²ȣһ˺üſվȣ
ллǱһ֮ʮһûκӣһ֮Ÿзǳ֣ص˵һлл
пʮһ˹ɵóĺһԼ̫ˣװ̵İ˰֣˵лˣ´ͽ׷ɣ
ûп˵仰ʱʮһһ˿ײɫʮһ˵ȥ֮ǰ֮İɣͰĳ϶˰ɣ
Уһ£ȥȥͻأʮһĻ󣬴ӦһɽȥˣΪĹǽڰɽϵģ
ȥʮһҲĽϵʬ˵ǰһʱĹͺĽϿüһ㣡
ʵʮһڵʵǿٻĽϵĻǵģֻûղŸ˵ģΪͶ̥תδһ죬ǾټأֻʱпѾΪһͷˣ
øлʱʮһѾĽϵʬ˵һСʱĻˣռ򵥵ĳĽϰˣĹʮһûа취ˣ콣ڵĻ̵ֱֻԼˣ
ԸʶˣϣͶ̥תʮһվĹǰ֮˵
ȥҸɣ̸ĹҪרúõһĹʮһתԵĸ˵
ҸոֽǸ̺ЩʮһĻڴ
˵ڸ׷ˣһߣʮһһ߿˵


704 
ûаϴ㲻Ǽǳɣģǲ鼱֮ڴ𣿡һ£תͷʮһЦЦı󣬾͸Ͻͣͬʱ˿첽ǰʮһһ룡
ǺǣʮһشеĻֻЦһ
û˼ˣҲ̫۸ˣмʮһֻЦŶش𣬲ɵøӵżˣ
ˣϽ߰ɣҺøϽһ壬Ͼͻֵģʮһ˵ԼԭҪŻһ¸Уװ˭÷ǵװ׷棡
˻ˣ˭ʮһĻҲЦףҲֻǵʮһ̫ģҪ嵭һѣ
˻ˣ˭ֵַأֻӦòẦǾˣʮһҡҡͷĺ뻵ˣ˻ֻΪͬжѣȻı̬һУ
ϴ˵ԽԽˣ̫ˣмʱһƨ
һȥٳûõģʮһһԼֵܣֱӾ֮ǰֽĵ̣ѯ֮£
ʮһĹҪ̵дֱӻһˣ߶ԷһжߵĹȥǮ⣡һҪ죡
ϰӦһҹȥ̣ͿԿ̺ã
ʮһ͸뿪صϢľƵʱѾˣǱߵıˣʮһҲͲˣһս¼Ҿţʹ´ɽ൱ƷʦҲʹó¼ҺܿĻָԪ
ڷĴ֮ʮһϸĲ鿴һԼϵˣָֹѪҲѾֹסˣΪʹԼָԼһķǺþòǿ״̬
ûа취ʱľʵ̫ˣѽ״̬ò׽״̬֮ʮһûȥڵƣϸĲ鿴Լλõһ˿ĺʮһŵڵҪסȴûʲôã
Ϊ޷ס˿˿ȻֱӴӺϴ˹ȥͺƵģһʹʮһ󣬺ȴΪλأ
ʮһֳſھеתͬʱСĵĹ۲˿Ƿʲô˵Լ͵ǷʲôӰ죬ֻǵѾתһ֮ʮһûзκ쳣
ѵΪħ̫٣˵ĿǰʲôӰ죿ʮһΨһҵĽˣֻҪӰͺãԼԺ⻯ħָˣ
֮£ʮһ˳ܵкǵĻָͿˣȴǿⲻ֪Ѿ
ʲôҲʮһֱŸ󱻾˯ˣһ˯ĺ𣬵һʱ򣬾ȻǵڶˣһǸйѵģ˵ϰ绰˵ĹѾ̺ˣȥһǷ⣡
ĽϣʮһԷԼҪȥ֣ĵ˵ͷ궼ûöԷ׼ֻ½ǿʮһֺ֣滹һѣ
ʮһ֮ûõϰĽŮ֣Լ֣ĽںĽݼκεĹʹʵ޷ıģ
غֻ꣬ҪдʮһͻеΪĽϻû޹غģֻǵһֳĵ˽ѣ
ˣһȥɣʮһúڲĹϣȻԼԱʮĹ
һ·ĹأߵһûĹ·ԱߣʮһĽĹ£ҲֱʱʽƬĹصķˮ˼֮ʮһĵ˵ͷŸļ˷Ըһ䣬Կʼˣ
ĹȻʲô󸻴֮ˮ֣ùɽʮһǵʱ򣬻һСϪɽǰҲûʲôΣһĹأ
·ݺ֮ʮһӸенӹһ˶ѾˣĽĹǰְ˺ܶˮֻȴֻƻ
֪㰮ƻֻƻͶ̥ת֮ǰθһҲһ£ظǱҪ˸۸㣬Ҳңȥʰǣʮһһаں֮վĶʮһ˵
ϴ˵ĺ˼ҾüƵģпʮһԼֹģĴһ£Ҳûпʲôͬĵط
㶮ʲôȻ˵ȴҲ˵϶ǿüģʮһһ۸УĸһĹֻ֮ʮһתȥһһ˵߰ɣҲɽȥˣƽһʲԴ˰


705 һ
Դʲô˼ϴҪȥǮʮһĻвʵ
ʲôǮǮǮȥİʮһȴЦЦеɻɽȥ
˻δȳ׵ߵɽ£ѾɽǰͣŵˣʱڳſҲվŮ
ôˣʮһһ£ɵɻʵ
үүȥŮͬ˵Ȼͬȴ˵֮һͬʮһڵƵģ˲ǱˣϹѩ
Ŷȥүү˵ӣĺ¥ǣʮһӦһ㲻˶ŮηӦһ⳵ȥֻڳӿ֮ʱϹѩ˵һ仰ȥͷȾغɫɣҶˣûбҪװ
ϴΪʲôһȥɻʵ
ϻҸ˭ȥһ߾ǵһ˰ʮһһ۸Уû˵
Ҳ԰˼һ֮˼Ļش
ϴȥˣΪ֮ɣ˸ո³Ϳ֮վһλŮӣʱŮһ˫üĿڴĳֻҪгӣǳ⳵ͣ£ŮӾͻſһ£ƺڵʲôˣʮһ͸дӳʱ۾һ£
ŮԸвŻڶʮһ˵һ֮󣬾ͼææȥ
ʮһߵƵǰűǰоȻ֪˵һЩʲô㻹ȴûʣΪһͿ֪òã
Ҫлģſڴ֮Σ΢ЦŶʮһ˵˿Ƿʲôϰߣ
лңʮһһ£
Һȱȿɺãȴûֱӻشʮһ⣬Ƿһ䡣
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ܿ쿧Ⱦˣʮһ̺֮󣬽֮һڣ;Ŀ˵
ϹСѾϹҺԼˣлл㣡һûм̺ǵĿȣȻ˵
ʲôϵʮһ֮еͿϹѩѾͷһһģ⣬Ҳ˵֪İ
֪ΪŻϹҺǺģ˵ڵˣǰҲǲᱻϹע⵽ģллģĿһʮһ󻺻˵
㲻ôεĿңʵ˵ʵҲ㣬ҲɱôˣȻ֮ѪԵϵʮһ֪ôش𣬲ɵü˵
ȥзչ𣿡ԥһºʮһʵ
ʵҺ˵ȥ﷢չһģֻȴûȥ﷢չɣοȻҲһ߳УϾ뾩ǺлһĲģʮһ˼֮ҡҡͷ˼˵
ҲԣʮһǿǣһĨЦ֪ڵһɣһȥеɣֻȴܸҲˣ
ˣԼϹҺҵǰĺ¥ԷһͬȥɣʮһͻȻϵ飬ɵö˵еڴĿŶԷ
˵ȥǷʮһģ뵽һǿԼңܺҽõĻǾԻһǳõľߣԥһº󣬶ʮһ˵Ǿллˣ
ĺ¥Ѿϯڶ¥İУʱȴˣŮ٣Ϲ޳Ϲѩʮһ
֮䣬˭Ҳûмȥ˵ʲôʮһûȥţϼһ˼ԼѾˣһ뵽ԼôĿģ
ҶԵĲ˵ʱŮͱ˳ȥһʱ֮󣬾Ů֮εĶҪϢʱʮһλڳˣһȥʱǰЦݹϣ˭Ҳ̸֪Щʲôǲ̸֪Σ
˵ϣκҪõĴ𰸶ѰҲֻǵ뿪֮ʱϹѩҪʮһһߣȴǱϹ޳סˣϹѩʱȴʮһ˵糿˵ӣ㣬У
ȻϹѩӦʱʮһѾ뿪ˣµֻнԶıӰ
үүҺһȥаϹѩ˷ܵץϹ޳ĸ첲˵


706 ϷϷ
үүȻˣǶ仹ûϹ޳еɸֵĿԼ۰ŮЩˬ޺޵ĿʮһıӰ
ǲԼֵİײˣϾҪ˵ĸоʱȴһԴȤ
İײ˰ɣҲ˻֪أϹ޳һһ죬кϹѩԼҵĳڣ
Ϲ޳Ļһ£ŤͷһԼȻĮɵ΢΢һЦȻҲ˳У
סҪҪȥʮһԼԱߵʵ
ȥߺ𣿡ȴûлشʮһ⣬ͻȻʵ
ãʮһټ򵥵һ֮󣬶˱תŽȥΪǳԷĵطڽϣ
˵ѾǶˣǴʱĽȴȻкܶŮŮȺһˣʱĽˮȻ䳹ǣȴҲûн
˵ЩݵӰߵӵģ֮в𣿡˻ǰУ׵ʵ
ܰɣʮһסˣ˰βŷӦ
תŽˮǰеδԼǲϱ任ɫʵ޺ƣٴ˵ǽһϷô
ϷʲôϷʮһʵ
ŮѣһԹ˽ͻ֣ܺڵŮѣûȥԱߵʮһ¿ʮһ˵׼˺þõĻƵģ
ĻʮһһסˣͻȻǳһĨĪЦݣ
˵仰ȴǵ˺þҲûеȵʮһĴ𰸣ɵ̾˿ȴͻȻԴһĻ
ô̾أѵ㲻𣿡
ңȻô˵ţȴЦݣ̧ĴһʮһϣһڸԼСŮ
ŶҪЦŻÿʮһҲһںŮѿĵкһ㣬쿪˫۽˻Уһ̶˭Ҳû˵ģŶߵķˮ·ʱ˿ֻ̣ʣƵģ
磬Ҫ𣿡ͻȻһ۵СŮ𣬶˲ɾѣԱ߲֪ʱվһģԼʮһСŮ
磬һɣôƯһֻҪһٿǮģСŮʮһûҪǮļƣɵü˵
ҾɣһٿǮһµѰʮһװǲӣ·ͳһźƳͰ͵ͷ˼ľƵģǮݸСŮ
СŮӹǮһֻõ廨ʮһ˼͵תˣܵʱлһ仰㻻Ѱɣ̫ˣ
СŮкûŵĴЦȫһŮ󣬶ʮһȴǳ鴤˼֮ҡҡͷ
װģ㲻Ϊ뿪ҰɣʮһίӣſԼЦͣ
ΪȥŬܶ𣿡ʮһͻȻʵ
һģһŬܶһϺӵģʱʮһһողμӹΪĵ־ͨһ
Ů˦һ߰ɣҵƬҾԱ֤һǡڴʱһͷ͹˹ѾעܾˣΪŮߵʵ̫˵עˣ
鱦˾ܾӹƬ֮һ£ǿŵʮһֱۣ鱦˾ܾǻкܶܶǮ
ߣʮһԵĽеƬӵˣһ§ס¶Է뿪ӣⲻ֪һ̾ǽˮҸˮôϣһ̿Զ
ǣͲˣÿ˶׷ҸȨλŮôȫһûбҪܿģһǮǸļһﻹǮ֮ǰλŮҪܿ𣿡ò˵Ǻ֣仰˵ּѪÿһ仰ֱָҪ
ǣʮһͲһճƵˣֻʮһԼ󣬶һȭǰ˴˹ȥ
ۣ˧˭ӮҾ͵˭ŮѣһŮƵģȻԱͼӴ׵ĺһм˾ȻֱҡͷУһջˮԼѺͱ˴ǲæôҲúôһ仰ȫв


707 統Īʶ
뺰˵ģ仰Ҳǳ׵ļеС棬ϵľͺʮһʮһҲûжκεյʮһվʱȻҪǿһ㣬ҲѾǱˣ
ҸŮˣޣʮһקĶһ䣬ͿԶܹһȺˣȻϵؽеϣſ
ܰˣҲǿˣǣʮһ֣˾ˣ
ȻȥһӰһҹ˾һ»ȥ飬֪䣬Ѿˣһҹ˵˵һҹȻҲпҸһҹ
ˣˣ˻ŻĴѾָߵһ̣ʹаٰ㲻Ը΢Цų˵һҹ̫ˣ쵽˶ûвѾȥˣ
һ£ʮһ仰תһεĵڣ֮ٳʱȴ߬һĶ
ΪʮһҪ͸ʱȴǿʮһеϹŵǸ֪ʲôĶȥֶһԵͰڣȻóһöͭǮУ
ҾǸ̫ˣ䲻㣡ʮһ֮Ц˵
ҴϺ𣿡Ȼ˵Ļѯʾ䣬˵̧֮ͷһڴĿʮһ
ҵңʮһ΢΢˵Ȼͽ˫ֻĲӺ棬ĸԷˣ
ŮѶָȴһöͭǮ̫ˣԼǰöͭǮһ£͵ʮһ潫Ž·֮У
ʮһ˵
ߣ֪ǵ˵ģ́ͷʮһʱͺݺݵĲһʮһĽţߺ˵å
һ°ɣʮһſ˫۶˵
Ȼ˵ˣҾǿӦһºˣȻô˵ţȴһ˽ʮһĻУЦ˵ԺһҪҸ֪𣿻ҪƺƢҪĻģ
һģҲٻˣʮһҲĽ˻У˵㣬˺ʵġ
ܣֻǻδʮһ˵꣬ͳĻȻһʮһ˵߰ɣǻڵأ
ˣʮһ˵һ䣬ȻȻתŸվŵĵطȥ
ʮһתһɲǣ˫еˮҲ̲סˣһӶ̵ӿһ㣬ҲĿ˳
˼ţ֪˼࣬˼ⳤ䣬˼֪˰ģ統Īʶ
Ķôһ仰ֻȴһҲڣʮһʶʹһ˿ɵʹһ˿Ե
˵˼࣬˭֪˼ҲһּУ˼ҩҽȴ֪֮ǷҪҽã
ɻ֮ʮһڴߣԽԽСĳУ·𿴵Ⱥ֮ôһӰע
֮ǰ͸öͭǮȻȥƽ棬ȴľʮһеֻΪһ󷨣һھжеģ˵еõһ󷨣
Ҳ˵Ű֮еһ֣
˫ٴβеĴϵʱѾСʱԺˣϹѩ⣬ҲǸ˹һĸˣ⳵ŷˮЭȥ
һصˮЭᣬʮһͱˣ˵һ½ʮһϹȥ󣬷ֳһ֮⣬ǮϾȻҲڳ
˵ȥˣʮһո£ûأһӲʵ
ʲô𣿡ʮһһüʵ
ʲô֪֪Ҫˣҵžͳ׵ûϣˣ֪֪ҺʦеϣȫˣһʮһĻش֮һӾŭˣǼƣҪʮһһƵģ
Ҫߵһӣʮһɵһ㶣ȴǲ˵ˣûϣ㵹Իһˣøֺֽеģ
ʲôƨŲھʦŻһڵһӾվǮţѾ嵽ʮһǰˣ
ûõģʲôֱ˵һһˣûõģ˼𣿡ʮһȴǸһһףһֱۣ˵
һʮһĻһˣǮҲǸоһȣ֮˵ȿȣʵģ


708 
ÿ궼һιԵķˮ֪ɣ
ԵģѵҲзˮȻ٣ҲƭңʮһȴһǮϵĻʾɣ
⣬ģǮ϶ʮһĻǲˬΪ˽飬סˣ˵ЩĶʱڣкܶķˮʦܵ˹⣬Ȼĸ￪Ź󣬹ǰͻ࿴ԷˣȻҲ֪ʲôʱʼͳôһ
еĵ۰ɣйˣʲô͹ڣ˼׷ɶζ˰ɣʮһȴ̲סһ䣡
˵Щܵķˮʦÿεķˮϣܹѹһ¹ڵķˮʦֻҲ֪ˮʦݬ밡һιڴӵҵʦܣͬȥȴǸʡеĶУ
ǮʦڣٲҲûɣʮһѾԼµϼһ֮ǰôһϷΪʲôˣ
ȿȣʵȻʦܣȴֻƷʵһεıδȿʼأѾЩ˸ҽѹˣǮεĿһ£ԼʦҲЩ˭Լʦô׬Ǯˣŵôһ㳤ûУ
ǮȥͿЩһǮǰҲԱʲôˣʮһǮϵĻȻǮĬһ£ǲԼǰȥĻ
ǴȥǡǮ˵ﾹȻͣˣʲô֮һ㣡
ǮȥҲûãǱߵļӵϼһڷˮϵ趼ǲģοǰҲ֣ĴһЩһֱӾǽӹǮϵĻ˵
ʦԸŹȥʮһԵ˵ͷתͷһ˵
ҪȥΪҲȥ߲ǻҪٵ𣿸οÿһεıֻ֮һһЩģǮȥˣʦܾͱ뿪˵ʦʵôȴǰǵģһǵһʮһ
ŶʮһӦһȻ㲻ٴˣ
˵Ҳ˵ˣСӾҲװɵˣȥȥ͸ʹ컰ɣǮʮһֻŶһҪ˵ĳ嶯Ƕһƾʮһȥˣ
ʮһ˵ȥģֻǸ׼˵һ㶣ǮϺһ˵һǵڵشӵģ
ǰһӵ˵ͷ
˵ĻҲǵŶˣʮһһʵ
ⲻϻ𣿡һӰʮһһۣ
ȥΪ˱ģΪ˵Լʦ˼ҵʮһͻȻϴǵ˵ղ֮Իһ£ΪոһӴˣ˸¹صŵȥһ붼ǵŵģһ˵һģ
Ҳ˵һܴĻôεŽһܲ飡
Ǻٵʱʮһ˾͸ǮȥڳǵĸСʱһ߳վʱѾгڵȺˣʱǣܼˣǵǳ
ûԶ·ȴĿһСʱڳϵʱǮѾ򵥵ĺʮһһһαΣݵǺܼ򵥣ֻ⣬һլլûˣ
һμӱһҵĻˮʦֱϷǣֻǳط֮⣬ԹһطģǴ½ģǱ۵ģۣʮһϲΪиֻۣйһۿڣȻҪȴ½ܶ࣬治֪ʲôקģ
Ҫ˵ãлͲһ۵ͣ
ʮһǰûôصĲˬҪǣǮϵĻ˵һε۷ˮʦǺҵĻˮʦʲôʶҲǱ˴֮ʲô˵Э飬һ棬͹ͬѹżڵķˮʦ
Ϣһ֮峿ʮһżͬǮǰˮʦĵط
ʦ֣ˣ˸ո³㿴һΧһȺˣ߳һ곤ߣǮǰ˵
ţȻȥɣҾˣǮϵ˵ͷ˵һ󣬱Խӭ߹ĸǮϲǰ
ǮϵʦҲǿʮһһۣ˵ͷ֮һԵȺĳ׼ֱӻȥˣ
Ǯû뵽һӵĻ㰡ڵѧ᲻Ǿһõó˰ɣǮߵĸǰʱһͷѾףҲʮ꣬ȴͦñֱûһձļ߶Ǯ˵֮Щζ


709 լˮ
ϼΣѿ֮ڵصķˮʦ֮࣬˽Ӧòٰɣ۵ķˮʦԽԽ˰ɣǮϺķ༥
ߣǮϳϼεߣǮϵĻĺһͲ˵
ҲǹԵˣһһΣ˰뱲ˣʱһȴ΢Ц˹˵
ǣҪһɣһ˹˵ӣǼ֮ǰʶģ
϶ţ١˵ʲôһȥôͷ𣿡ǮָŸ˵һֻۣ⻰ȴǰԱߵϼθˣ
ɣλϷķˮʦеĴηϣ١վָһһû˵ߣǮϽܵ
ţ߰ɣȥһطɣǮֻǵӦһ׼õĴͳ˹ȥ
εİ巽֮͹ģͰһλߣλҲһ˳
ֻǶλߣǮȴǸĮ˵ǮϺ˵гʮһֻ˵ţλϷǵϺ۵ȴǺͶԷϤƵģ
˳֮ˮЭ֮еһͬܣʮһ֪λĴ١ԷĴηϷǵĴǸǮϼ۵Ĵˣ
ͳƵʻ˲СʱʮһϵϹѩҪ˯˵ʱͣǰũ˾Ȼ״ԭһľլҿܵӣнũˣ
λݾǽҪĵһˣݵѾǼ˵ľˣҷݵķˮ֮ǰҲǷˮЭĻԱģ˵һﶼƾ֤ҾԷĵȥ۲ˣȫˣλǱص϶˵ͬʱоһݺǱֽ֮Ÿп
ˣҶûʲôĻôڱ㿪ʼɣǮϣϣϣ١ϣϣǼλҪĻҲдһݿĽң͵һºˣ΢ЦŶԼλӵ˵
Ҳãû˻شϵĻϼεЦһ˵Ȼ˵ˣ༸˾ûб̬ҲῴģΪģֻΪ˭Ҳ뱻˵ҿ
ǺãʱһٷӣȻλͬȿˣֺŵĻȽңʱʹҵһҾûûӲҪݵĺһЩϼεĻŶԷЦһ£ٴζ˵
ϵĻ£󲿷ַˮʦһ¾ȫɢˣеŷȥеǹ۲ⷿݵܣҲкܶˮʦóЯẉ̂Ĺ۲˷λ
ΨзˮЭ߻ȫվԭأΪΪǮϻûߣֻǮ϶һԵʮһ˵͵һҪˣĻҺǼϼһ￴Ķ࣬ܶһĻֻˣ
ȻǮϵĻɵɻĿʮһ˭ȻǮôأԶôߣ
֪ʮһǮϵ˵ͷ
зˮЭǮϵĴҲɢȥˣԭûľֻʣʮһˣԼʮһһʮķˮʦˣ
Ҷˣô߰Ϲѩعͷˮʦɵɻʵ
ǺǣǮϽʦģλӺǺһЦǮϣ
ӵĻʮһɵƲһ죬ţӾ˵ӵˣαα
֪ʦôƺʮһӱȭ˵
ҵ֣Ǯϵʦֶ֮ǰзˮϣʦķɣ¿Ŀùģʵý֣æһͺʲôƵģźۼʮһһƨ
ιôÿ˶˵ǵ㰡ѵǴαСôûκӡ𣿡Ϲѩˣƾʲô֮ǰֵҲ˵ʲôʮһôôĽ֮ģ֣Ҳô˵ôû˼ǵԼأ
ˣΪ̫ˣǶȥע㣬ҲҸңûһͷȾغɫӵˣС඼ܲˣʮһʵ̫˽ϹѩѾͷˣֻҪһˣСӣ˵ĶûãΨһİ취ǿĿ䣡
ȻʮһĻϹѩߵİʮһһۣ˵˵ʵ˼Ҷ˼ˣ


710 㳭һ£
ȿȣʦǲҲýȥˣ֣ʮһȻԱߵŮˣɵǮϸ˵ʦһûʱˣĬĬĿ϶һ£ˣ
Ŷȿһ棡ʮһӦһӵܿһ£úȻȻ˵һ֣±ȵĻ濴ˣ濴һ£
Ϳһ۾Ϳˣ֣вɵûǲе̫һ㰡һ۾ͿˮʲôˣǮҲһɣ
ʮһȻ֪֣ôģҾ֪Ҳںİɣתŷȥֻߵſڵʱ򣬱ڵЩ˸ŵˣҲݣ֮ǰЩûվһʱ򣬻ûô˰˵Ҳöʮ˰ɡҲԶǻһǿŷķ˭أ
֮£ʮһſڵһᣬʮӹȥˣûʲôҪӣҺùؼʱиڣڸеĿ·£Ǽ棬֣ҲǽŶ˽ȥôӵĵطʮһûϹѩϾ˭֪ûɫǣ
ʮһûˮʦĴ鿴Ǿôվ˴м䣬۾վţʮһһĻ֣ɵٴסˣʲô㲻ķˮʦó鿴ҲҪĴ鿴һ°ô۾Ҫʲô
۾վһ֮ʮһ۾Ķ˼üͷҲ˵ȻߵͱǽǱ۾Ǽƾ͸˯Ƶģ
֣Ҫǰѯһ£ȴǱԱߵĸһסˣҡҡͷʾҪȥ֣һ룬ȥͲȥɣǮϽҲֻҪʮһϸ۲죬Լ˵Ҳ˵ˣֻǶԷҲûа취ˣܲܶ׷˼˵ɣ
һ֮ʮһ˳֣ȥһֽһ֧ʣʮһߵһԣһ¸ղ֮󣬱ˢˢˢдԼĴ𰸣
ʮһдô֣֮һʱ䣬ʼʮأ⻹ʼ֮ʮһŮԼȥ棬Ǹɵ˰ʱ䣡
֣һ£һжٳĻʮһдֻӵʱ䣬֮ڣһʱǱ۾ɵվţ
ֻ룬֣ʮһŵд𰸵ֽţɵǰʵʦҪڽȥǵһ¸Ǯһȥ
һǮϰɣʮһһº󣬻شҪôͽȥĻе̫ȺˣȻԼͷֱӽȥͲǳͷˣе̫ˣԼûôɵ
ʮһĻظ֣֮ҲͲ˵ˣվһԾţȻĵĿһæµˣ
֣ʦҪǾģȥһµĻȥɣҲˣǮϻҸ˵ͬΪˮʦʮһȻ˽аǰоܣԶһԵ֣˵
ллʦҾȥһˣ֣ʮһĻ˷ܵĵлһ̵ŷȥˡ
֣ߣǮϾͻˣǼҲһģʮһվǮϲɵһüͷʵСôȥ֣СأҲǽ𣿡
ѾˣǴ𰸣ҪҪ㳭һ£ʮһװĻһ䣬ŵĻһеֽһüǮ˵
ΪҲʰǲǣһܶԼһԣҶ˾УǮϵһʮһ󿴼һߵļѾдˣҲͲٴʮһд˴𰸣
ǮϺʮһĴ𰸵ֱװһŷ⣬ŷдеһݴ𰸺͵ڶݴ𰸵Ȼʮһǵڶݴˣ
ȻǮһ˹ȥĵȴʱˣֻ߽ӹǮ͵ݴ𰸵ʱĿһʮһߣΪ֪һӦʮһдģϾöÿݴ𰸵ֽɶȡã
ûģĲģȴʱУǮϻЩģɵѯʵ֪ʮһǸҲ֪ԷھҲֻƷʦѣڳмλƷʦģԼҲУʮһȻǻҪ죬һûаգ
ǮϿɿҸʱʮһȴûֱӻشǮϵ⣬΢ЦſǮʵ
㡭Ǯϱ˵㲻ʱ𣿿ǸտھͲ֪˵ˣΪÿһε˸ʱʮһȷʵûЦҲ֪ʮһȻƽֵûӣȴֲ֪صˣԱҲ˵ˣһ


711 ׽
޵зˮѧ֮Уʵһˣ˵Կʼ˵ʱǮʼ۲Ҳţÿһӿݴ𰸵ĻôߣһǮ֮⣬һһ޵µģ
ΪʮѾƷʦˣҪ֪ѧ磬ǷˮƷʵģһҲʮϵˣȴǿڲ֮ﵽȳɼֵý飡Ͼϣʮһǰ֮ٵģϹѩǿļ̣ʦѧǼٵģ
ԣ޵ٻ֮󣬱׼ȥҪһݴֽȴ֪ѾȡˣԵһº޵ҲûзϣֻΪǮһȡˣ
Ǯϣԣ޵ߵǮԣǹһ
ţŰɣǮ϶޵Ҳ֪ģԷк֮󣬱Ҳǻһ䣡
֪һݴ𰸸˭дСҲǿһЩ޵¼ǮֻǵӦһûҪֽ˼ɵ˳
Ѿд꽻ȥˣǮڴһ䣡
Ŷ֪λͬˣ޵µɫе㲻Ǻܺÿˣзˮѧһ֮УǮ֮⣬б˱ķˮߣ˸Ʒʦľ磡
һǮϲ޵ɫı仯һָԵʮһͽתƵʮһϣ
ʮһȻҲǲǮϵͼεķһֻۣǻ˵޵˵֪λʦôƺ
ʲôһȥʮһҪ𻰣ԵϹѩһּ䲻ͷϲӬһ޵£
㣡˭ҵŮӣûò޵ºʱܹ۸ûֱıȥ߷ߵ˵
Ҫܣ㻹ǼҼʮһд˴𰸣ûʸдˣװʲô˾ӣЩ˾ˣǺˣȴǻҪװһЦӯӯӣ˼ҴϹѩһСƢˣ
֣ʮһæסϹѩϾ޵ҲģзˮЭУҲŲӵģܲﻹǲĺãϾʱԼεŵʱһվֵ֧ĻôԼҲһϾֻܲǲֵĺã
ʮһǲдģԼǰǮϵʶԾͽʾ֭дһݣʵǲ֪ʦĴֽʮһ仰˵úǱֻȴڲ֪佫Ǯϸ˽ȥ˼Ǹ޵£ǸһҪдģǮӲдģ
ˣϻˣͷҪˣǮϺεȾûʮһǽƤ߻ظˣԵֹ˶˿ܻҪ˵ȥͼ
ǱҲȷʵǮ˵ǰ㣬ֻϵѾŷˣ
ȿȣѾʮִȫˣÿһҲǸݴ𰸣Ȳ˭ˣ˭ˣȷ𰸣ȻٽԸߴңǱصһˮʦ˵һ£ΪģϿ˵עȥеĴ𰸣˵
Ȼ˾Ϳһ߳һԼʮӣװͦĴ磬һҲһλˮʦ
Ϻã١ϺãǮϺãϺãϺãλͬкãˮʦȰһãȻֻ˵ºȷʵְģ
ǰһ죬ҵĻҲǸҵң˵Ҹҵķӿһ·ˮҸʱ򣬵ⷿݵǰʱҺʹҶһ
ǰƿ㣬ǲƽλҲˣ߲ԶһСɽӱⷿȫյķˮֻ֣ⷿӵĺ棬شҲˣһţֻǴӷλˮķȴǲԣ·
˵ˮ֮ˮ֮ˮˣҲ˵ⷿˣʱ䳤˵Ļһµģ
λӵĻڳзˮʦϿɣϾЩլˮˣһ㶼ĻҲûʸԴǰˣϾÿֻҲʮˣô˵ҲӦǾӢˣȻ⾫Ӣпǰ߰εô
ֻô򵥵ĻҲͲóλͬмˣʱǼң֮ҾЩԣҾ߷һ£һݷһסˣ


712 ɷ֮
ȴҷһǳ˼⣬ܷһģλͬӦòܶ࣡˵ʱĶһ£һ˫ɨڳˣ˵ĵ⣡
֪˵ʲô𣿡ǮҪһʮһתͷʮһʵ
ǰúɱ֮أʲôѵģʮһƲƲ죬м˵˫ȴǿǰԶһƬտش
ɱ֮أ仰ϹѩҲǸ˵ģ֣Сֹģ˼ʮһĿ⿴ȥԴˣ޵ȴҲмƲƲ죬У˵ĺôƵģ
СеǿˣҲҪǮƳһʮһȻжʮһܹóЩȣȴûбֳϻһʮһ
нʮһ˵ûнȴǹڳһ߰ӣ
СӣǮİһʮһСˣ
ѯʹ⸽ס˺ŵ֪ԭ䷿ݵǰ棬ʮǰȻһҷԺֻǺڳй滮ǨˣӵĻһ
ӵĻ֮󣬴󲿷ֵķˮʦ¶һȵı飬Ҫ֪ڷˮһѧУǼɻסڵصĶģ仹ģֻΪеضǴзǳصɱ֮ģɱ֮ľͻγɷǳ˵ɷ
ɷǿᣬһ޷ֵסģҲΪʲôƸֱֻվͻʹúܶηǾһĹּ˶ԶԶĶܿԭˣ
ֻǻδ˴һ֮зӦʱ򣬾ֱӵһ仰ָסˣֻӼ˵λʵԶֹˣֻĻΣգɻģ
ݵĺ治ԶҲСɽ֮ϣһư˵С͵
仰˵ʱ򣬴󲿷ַˮʦѾˣǳ׵ĻȻˣ
ڶˮʦı飬΢΢һЦƺַӦ⣬Ǽ˵ǰúظλ֪ģԴӽˮʦһеĵһźܶͬоӦǰǰúǷ˼֮ɣѡլԲԷһɻ䣡
仰˶ǻȻˣڷˮһѧУǰúǺܴļɻˣںܶ಻˽ˮƽУ÷ݽڵȻصĸǺܺúܰȫǻܵӻʹشˣ
ǣʵеĵضǴŷǳǿҵɵģɷ֮أֱѾﵽһֺŵĵزһЩǳӲˣһ˶ᱻɷˣ˲
Ķںǰոսԭʱǽɽ֮ڵģɽ֮԰ˮһЩڷ֮У߷֮⣬һҪԭǱǲЩе֮ڵģ
˵⣬żЩżǹڵķΪ˭ɵӣЩѡַĺи˾е˾ÿһѡַԻǸǿʢĵط
յ˷֮ͽһǿʢĵطȡķ֮סڸﻹʲôԣʲôˣҪ֪ںܶʱһͥǷ󸻴ǷʿкܴӰģ
ڵʱԭЩǼֹڳڵģҲڵˣ
Ȼŷ̵ԽԽ࣬Ϊ˷̵ͽܶʼһһųпеѾ˳֮ڣǺʢĴǻᣬһֱɽ֮ڵģǵյ̫֮ĻᵼΧס֮˵һһΥ޷֮˵ıԵģ
ŻǵԱߵĻ˵һ㣬µĽһǰ涼̶ܴܵϵӰ죬οּмأ
˵ڷˮһѧ֮Уһ仰ǰúɱ֮أ
֮ǰͳոͣ£³ʱʮһǰֵ䷿ݵʱ򣬾Ѿһ˿˿ɷɢ֮ʮһҲźɽķĿһۣСɽƺƮ
ڷˮ֮лһ仰ʮ껻һˣʮ껻һɷ˼Ҳ˵γˣʮŻٻɷҪγ˵ĻҲҪʮſܻתղʮһҲλ˵ˣʮǰǰȷʵǽһҷԺģȻѾǨˣַҲѾǨˣѾγ˵ɷȴûɢ


713 Ŀˣ
пԼϴȻôȻһֱʮһʲôû⣬Ҳܶһû뵽ʮһǮϻľͿⷿķˮ
ôݵĿϴңе㾭ķˮʦܹóģʮһȻ˸еĿ⣬ĸеļ˵
Ȼ˵ˣʦô;Ϳ˷ḻľ飬ʵܿɹˣʮһĻ£֣һ˵
֪ʮһ漸Ķôһ۶Ѱȴǿǰķˮֱ֣е찡
ڵ֣˶λӿ˵ڵķˮ֪Ϊʲôָоʮһ϶Ҳж׼ȷڵķˮ⣡
ҲʱƺӦ֣еƵģֻ漤ҵһ֮󣬼˵ҾҼ˵һ·ڵķˮ
ڸλԿһϣλһ˵İ֣λ֮ԻҵңΪţˣȴûйһӣʵҲ˵ûˣֻҪµжô꣬ȺѾزˣΪֹҲֻһŮң
ԼŮûκ⣬ӿЩˣǻΪһ֮ӦøΪΣղŶԵģǽȴǣƫƫڸճĶϣΪҲȥܶҽԺҲٵνķˮʦȫûпʲô
ӽʱ򣬹ͣһ£ڶˮʦѾϸĽ˵ˣҺܶ˵ϻ¶һü˼ɫɵúǸˣ
Ϊ̨Щˮʦʮһͼλڣõֻǻ˵֣˵жֽһز۵˿֪ģ
ӿһº˵ϸо˵֣Լ˺ܶżңվ첻ˣҸҵˣ
˵ʱ˫֮жһЩ֮ɫҲ̫Σ㹻ģڳʮˮʦУʮᵽһѾǺܲˣοⶼѾǸ߿ˣ
Ǿ䷿ݵĶͱǽϣһССİҽзװ޹ˣ俪֮󣬹Ȼϣһװ޵ʱµװߵСռ䣬滹ֱһʱõһ࣡
ӵĻ󣬲ɵȫȵĽ˳ֻǾȵͬʱЩľɣܶ˾˿
ǽаʲôİ
û˼˵𣿰֮лһأ
Ǽа࣬˵ʲôأ
۷׷׵ʱϼκηȴһ˿Ȼɫȴû̫仯ȾѾ֪Ƶģһߵ١Ҳһ㣬Ͽʲô仯ǶϺ١֮¶ϲɫĿŶλߣƺܸ˵ӣ
зˮЭһߣеȴڿǮϣʮһǸͲںҲΪʮһܴԣ֪ʮһֵܸߵģҲΪʮһڷˮϻô
ǮϼȫŲɵĵ˵ͷеķˮЭ˱ƱƵģ˵Ľǽһ˷ܰ
ΣǮϲȥ˵˷ܣתͷʮһһ䣡
ѣĶѪˮˮʮһεİһǮϣͷҪĽడÿ˵һǮϾҪһԼѵԼȥôף
ĿˣǮϺ𾪵Ŀʮһȷȷʵʵʮһ仰סˣ
ȥôǺòã⻹ʲôٵģ˵ˣֲʲôѵöʮһͲ㷢ŭҲ̫۸ˣ׿˵ģ㻹ţ㻹
ǰȻҲ֪ϴԲ˵ģⶫӦþ͸ϴϴزƵĶĲɣվ˳ʮһ˵
ֻȻ񣬵һεȴҪĶһΣҪصĺܶ࣡ʮһ͵Ŀ˿˵
Ŷ˵˵Ǹʲôزƻô£ǮȴǺܸȤӣʮһʵ
ûȤ˵Ҵ꣡ʮһ˫ֱزǮϣŸ˵
ڸкǮС˵ţ֮ǰʮһηزƼҵķ⣬ξʱǱߵ˵ܺܶͬл룬аһ


714 ỹ
һźܶ˶˵ǷˮһѧУĹͨģȻ˵еСҲװģԣҲ˵С͵Ŀⷿˣͱڰ֮֮ӦλͿλ
а֮УڱȶԳ׵ĻλԵǳУλԵСĹڵӤǾǹûȫĶͣҲֻǸոճɣĶѪ֮ˮеˣˮ
ԣҷǼ䰵֮ڵ֮ʱŻ׵Ǵ
ӵĻ˵֮ϰԵĶһ£ֻ˵֪λͬУǷ񶼲˳أ
ӻ£Ⱥ֮ȴǼһϲҳû¶Ե˰̾Ϣҡͷ¶Ե¶Цݣֻݹֳʮˮʦ¶ֵЦݵˣȴ֮٣
ǮڵλߣֻǮϺͶϣԼ١ϵ¶ЦݣϺȴһıģ
ֻúܶ˾ȵǣʮһ֣ȴһĵ֮ɫȻʮһ֮ǰѾǮ˵ˣ˷ܵȴǣۿʮһ󣬿ʲôûֻվһͿˣͣȻûۼȴǺ֮ǰʦҲǮ˵һΣ
ഫеķˮʦˮȫĴ鿴ȥоֻҪĸһܵķˮͿ֪ĵطˮǺûǻģ
ֻǰǮǰ˵ģÿһӵķˮʦպ޲ΪһʦҲζʦǺпܳΪһʦģһʦ붼üҪ֪Ǯ϶ûгΪһʦģ˵䲻ģǮϱˣǰ֣ڵˣΪǮл̤Ʒ֮Ϊһʦˣ
ϾˮʦΪƷѶȣĳЩ˵Ҫһ߳ΪҪϺܶģڵᣡ
ôΪİ㣿֮ǰ㲻ǾѾ֪ȫ𣿡ǮϿԼʦܵͽܣѯʵʵû㶮֣Ϊλôģ֮ǰʮһԼе̸ӦǶ˵İ
ǮϣʦŰ֣ѾĲ֪˵Щʲôˣ
ߣڻûй֮ǰȻô˵ˣ˵˾ҲþţҲǱһ˴һЩѣ֣ĻµʱһȴǴһеЩζĻǸΪʮһȥд𰸵ʸ޵£
ʵҲȷʵ޵˵ǰ㣬λ֮ԿжϳһУΪŻеϣ֪ȥƵģʲôҪ֪˽ȥԭ򶼻򵥺ܶ࣡
ͺñȣԵʱôһѧ⣬֪ʲôʱȥҪ򵥵ĺܶ࣬ߵĵһģ
ολЩˮʦһŵ㣬Ǿӵзǳԣʱ䣬ϸȥֳ֤Щˮʦǲֻͬһٷӵʱѣ
ܺܶ˻˵һٷӵʱ仹̣ʱǳǶ̣Ҫʲô飬ͷˮһ˵Ҫʱ֮ڿһլլǲܵģǿˣҲаٷ֮ȷģʮһ֣ϾҲôһѣ
ֻ޵ȴǷһĴǾʮһõʱҪ˺ܶ࣬һһҲȵʱ򣬲ų׵ĸожôʹ
Щ˳Բ˵˲֪⼸㣬ĳЩ˿˼㣿ߴߴģǷϹѩпʮһˬˣҲǲˬ޵µĻǺĻػһ䣡
Ȼ˾ͷ֣޵Ĳ˵ˣֻΪⷿķˮ⣬ֻ˵ǿһѣҲͬ˷ǰɷģȫûп
ȿȣȻ˵ˣôҾһ´𰸣Щͬдˣ߿λӸ˵Ҳ˵ˣͽӹ˵
ϷǵϺͬģȿһ£ŷ⣬ó𰸺ȿ
ʱе̫˰ûд԰Ͽһ֮󣬱ʾźϷǱ߹ĴҲǷһ̾ϢȻѾ֪ηûдԣǶٱһ˿ϣģʱ𰸺һ˿ϣҲʧˣ
İɣ϶𲻶ԵģЩ˿϶ҲشϷǴ˵š
ǣǿ϶Ҳģ
ϷǴֻǣϣڱҲһشˣ˵ôһ


715 𰸶Ǵģ
ϷǴǱߣ˵зˮЭ˵ģΪǰǰϣϷǴӺ۴۸ǣлȥô뷨أ
Ӵһݣϲˣڶݴ𰸵ʱ򣬶Ŷ΢Ц˵
Ǳ߷һ󻶺֮вŶϲ󲿷ֶԼ֮ڵģϷǴӵ˴ʱȴһ֮ɫɫͺ˲ӬҭƵģ
ȴǲǺܹģǴʱĵľǵĶûдԣ
ʱҲȷʵ˵ݴ𰸣Ȼϴ΢Ц˵ϲӵ١ϣǴˣ
ڷ߱һƬ֮ʱϷǱѾѻȸˣɫ֮һЦݶûˣеָֻоͺ֮ǰյĺһ㣡
ԣʱĳγѹһ˷쳣д˰ӺͷӣΪ߶һ˴˵ģ
һѹͳ·ʱήϷǴӣһǻȴűзˮЭ۴Ǳߣ
ֻǵĸ𰸵ʱ򣬻֮бһѱȥ˵ѹ
ķݴ𰸣Ŷ۴ӵģó֮󣬿ſžһüֻ˵۴ûһ˴ԣź
жˣĶ鷴ӳֻĴȴһӷˣܽǶǴ˵Ѿ޹ؽҪˣΪѾʤˣӮˣ֮ƽ֣Ҫ˵Ļǵ¾ֶһܽ
˵ʱŵģܾзˮЭˣϾڳǶѾ֪ˣܶԴǿŵŵҲˣֻ߻һֱţ
ҲǡڴʱŷóݴֽзˮЭĴ𰸣ֻ˵˺ܾãҲûеȵ𰸣ɵЩ֣⵽Ƕ˻Ǵ˰
˶гɻʱǮҲһĿʮһȷ¿϶ʮһйϵΪԼдʲô𰸣Ǻģһκε⣡
Ǯϣɷһ£Ǯ϶ʮһʮһ˫ۿʱϵȴǴ
ǮȻɻΪʲôȥȻͿϺ˵˺ܶ໰һݴ֮еһݸǮϿ
㵽дʲôˣǺƵģϹѩ̨۵ͷɵúʵ
Ҳûʲôֻʵʵ˵ѣʮһĻش
˼˵ȫǼٻ𣿡Ϲѩʵ
ȻҲʵֻû˵Ķѣ
ϻֱ࣬˵ǿĶ£ұ㣡Ϲѩһʮһ
˾Ϳ̨ϣǮϺ˵һЩʲôֻϵ˵ͷȻкһˣԸһʲôͿǸȥˣ
ʱͿ֮ǰǸ˴һʮǸӺǮϽ̸һЩʲôͼǮ˻
СӣصûͦǮϻ֮ʮһ˵ĻͲ˵ˣ˶¶һ֮ɫΨʮһ֪ǮָʲôֻҲֻεĿЦһ
̨ϵϻһȦ֮˵֮£˵ҪԶϺ١˵һԲǵĴ𰸲ȷģҲ˵ΪֹĿǰд𰸶ȷģ
ϵĻɾһըһӽˮˮըʱеȫ쳣ǶϺ١Ӫˣ֮ǰǻھĳЦֻӻشأһգ۵ʱ䣬ǵĴ𰸾ȻҲɴˣ
ԲãҪ˾ظʲô
ǣ˵ˣ
һ˲䣬ֻ֮඼֮ˣЩ˵ĽǵӶϺ١ҲûֹȻҲЩģ
λ԰꣬ϷȻ˵ǵĴǴģһҪ֤ϼ̨֮˵ҲǲɵһüֽѧԱʵԽԽˣʦص֪
зˮЭ߸ݴ֮УһϺ١ϸĴ𰸶һģҲ֮ǰ߳˵ʦ˵Ĵ𰸣
˵ҲҪһλˮʦϾⰸְģȴûܹԭʵǲӦõģҶԸҲһֲε̬ȣ


716 ̥Ӥ
Ļ밲ñ˿Ǵӵʣ˵ʱȴͻȻͺԭϷǱߵĴĳЦŶǱߣǱߵȻҲǲ䳰ȷģԾͳ
ŭĻϺ϶˽ǳǴһۣ˼ǱҶˣ
֮ǰҲ˵ˣݴһϺ١ϵĴͬģôһݣȴֻһͬ
þȣûȷʵֻһͬѣһǶϵ˵ĴУû˵Ĵ𰸣ݴҲдˣ
仰зˮЭڶݵһ֮󣬳׵ķˣ׷׽Ŀ⿴Ǯϣǵ֪УдĴ𰸶ҪˣһǮϣ
ȻҲôСǲôΪģ֣֮ǰǮڻʱ򣬶ʮһ˵Ǿ仰ģиǸоʮһ˵ʮһϹѩԼˣ
ôģ֪ǸкϹѩУȴǼţһʮһûκԭļţ
Ҿ˵һβ֮ͬһθһݵľȵʱ䣬˵һ䰵ٶ뱱һԲε࣬Ҷ϶һδ̥еӤӤ
仰ʲôоǲǲţҲôΪģ֮ǰҽǮϣǷԿ϶˵ҲǺܿ϶
ϵ仰ʹڳȫüͷ仰ǰìԼ֮ǰ˵ǶԵģȻǮ˼Ƿ϶Ҳش˵϶ˣȻ϶ﻹҪõ˵
ֻȴ֮ǰϷŭһ˵Ҳ̫ΣȻĻ綼ϵĻҪ˵ǲоˣ
ǮشʱҲһ£ǮϾ͸˵֮Բ϶Ϊ𰸲дģͻȻ֪֮ǰǸݽķˮʦΪλô緢ˣ
緢ʱ̨ȴѾˣǮдģǻ˭дģҴӵ˲ɵ÷׷׽Ŀ⿴зˮЭߣѰǸţֻ˭ڿʮһʱ򣬶ֻһɨ˿ûȥ룬˾ǿѰҵˣ
зˮЭķˮʦǣʱȴһȵĿʮһǮһˣʶʮһģʱȫʮҵģǶӲ˸𺳵ˣҪ֪һģǶһ͵ģ
ˮһУҪе㱾죬ҲҪиʮſܣԶڳЩˮʦ˵ʮһ˵ĵƽģ
ڲʶʮһЩˣ֮ǰѾ֮ǰıϿʮһģе֮ɫΪأ֮ɫҲǸӵԣΪѾ֪ʮһս˵ǵ䣬ҲԿԳƵ켶ģ
ǾȻˣʮһڷˮϵ裬ȻԿóܶǮǿĶ˵ʲô˵ʮһпѾڷˮѾǮϣϣ١ˣ
ʮһûڷˮϳλߣҲ˵ʮһպĳɾ;ԲˣһսǷˮ趼ǷǳǿģҲնʮˣ۷ˮ磬ѧ磬Ƕżﰡ
ǮȴҲңȻҿ϶ȴд֮ˣұǰȥѰⷿݵˣҲǸղŴҿǸϵ̨ӣѯ֮ش˵һǰȷʵֻˣ֮Ҳڵ֪һӤˣ
ǣڰǰӤ¾Ҫʱȴǲ֪ģĻ̥ˣ
ϵĻȻѲµѾˣǻ̲סһֻһ㣬Ѿ˵зˮЭǸ˸Ĵ𰸣Ѿ˼λߣ
ˣλһƲ䣬ȥ鿴һǶǷһɣϿ˵ķӦЦЦŷȥʮһǲȥģȴǮϸӲ˽ȥ
ϽȱѾ׼˵ĹˣŵǽǮ˵ķλȻһһĽǽµǽשȡ
ҳ£ķˮʦǽεʱ򣬽Ǵĺ˳ºĺܶ࿴ķˮʦȴһͺèצӸƵģһķ׷˽ţҪŬĿ浽ʲôΣֻ


717 ֮
ô˰ֺֽеģ浽ǿʲô˰˲Ķ˽е
аа񰡣
û֮Ķ
Уа
ҿܲ˵һ㰡ŲֱӰ
ʱվЩεķˮʦһЩŭˣһĶȫ˵֪ʲôָоܲˬ
һԲεģɵһţҲǻشǵ⣬һеҲǳ׵ˣȻ׼ˣ
һ֮˵еͬȫ˳ǽվãĻͲᵼ˿ˣΪҪôҿģŴֽ棬Ϊʵһ仰Ϊλ˵飬ǼϼһҲȫûпҾһʱȥ۲죬Ҳע⵽ģ
ϵĻʹһ֮ȫǺԾһȥƬ֮ԭԵЩӵķ䣬Ȼÿտ˺ܶ࣡
ֻ˵ϣһ仰ģ˷һ֣ȱҶ϶ĸס䷿֮󲻵һܣ㲡ˣ
仰ܼ򵥣ֳĺܶˮʦϵĻȴǾü˼кܶ಻ĵطƵģ
ϺǮ֮⣬ֻ⼸λӵߣ¶һȻɫȻ뵽ʲôֻΪ뵽ʲôʱǵȴҲǸһĨصɫ˫ǮԵļзˮЭ֮˵ϲתе㲻ŵͣʮһϣӵˣ
֪λпкܶôҾдݴ𰸵ʦҽһ£ϻ£ڴ΢΢תͷʮһһƣ
ŵ֮еķˮʦǸеĺƱĴһƵģ˾дݴ𰸵ˣδҲ̫һЩ˰ɣ
ʮһϺǮϵԼ˲ŵĿ⣬ʶһ±ӣ˵ǻȥ˵ĺãЩҪλһ£Ȼ¾˵ˣҲǺѷڣ
ʮһһ󣬱ȥʮһĻҲǼæ˳
λҲǽܳķˮʦøλһ£˵ֵϢʮһתڶˮʦ˵
ʱ˲ŷ֣վ˷ݵ档
ҲͬҪ˵ֱӿȥһ²ͿҪ˵ǣۼһΪʵеʱҪȥģ˵ʮһ˵ʱͻȻͣ˵ɻУ˫ͻȻĵϣ
ֻǺܶˮʦûע⵽ǣʮһָͬʱʮһҽҲ΢̧Լֵĸ߶ȣֻˣȻڳļλȴע⵽ˣ
ʮһдһ˾кܴķӶ߹ιһ㣬͸о˷·һƬľ֮УƬľ룬ÿһŶҪ֪ںܶطôһƬǲģοÿһ֮лô룡
ʮһ·һľ֮еӣǣһĨζЦݣԭǲģ뵽ЩȫǷˮʦҪԺΪõĻһɷǳע
ÿһˮʦΪߵͣǶһͬص㣬ǱǹһַǳִֵĹִǾǸ߰һڳ˵ĸ߰ҪǰݷǾͱóǵʵʹǷ
Ƭ־Լ幫ңҾ˵һ£׵飡ʮһջָѹ֮󣬱˵֮ǰʱڷڸܵһֵµϢһֺŨϢͺڵºܾõŻɢϢƵģ
ټڷڿ˷׵ƬòҵһʦŷƶϳϸӦȱģ
Ҳ֪Ƿˮ֮УλжʮɽҪðλĻһȴõúԣ֮ǰλʦѾ˵ˣǾĻλǬλǬλӦǸ
ĸױȱе֮УľǬλȴǡľľͬȻ֮ľ죬˶ľֿɾջö֮γһڷˮ֮УΪֻ֮ƽʱԣֻ֮ʱ򣬲ŻᲪȻ
еѻʣΪ֮ʵν֮֮ľ֮нľˮпĳγɣҪӦ


718 ʦܣ
ԣ֮ǰŻ϶ĸס䷿ﻹãֻҪһϸ·֮ȫ䷿ݣдסµͷ󣬲һܱȥʮһᣬʹڳзˮʦϽ¶һ˼飬֮ǰһֱʮһˬ޵£ʱ˿Ҳü˼ţ
ٴϴͳȥʱȻȥ֮ǰûʲô̫ı仯еķˮʦУʮһĵλȴѾᵽ˺ܸߵĵλ˵λ߰ɣȴҲǸλ߿ƽƽˣ
ϾʮһأŶʮѣպĳɾ;ǲģǸ˸ôһ˲䣬һԼе׵뷨Ǿˣպĳһпܻ̤Ʒ֮Ϊһʦ
޵´ʱʮһЩˣֻΪˮʦĸ߰ʹô׵ľͻ᳹׵Ͽǰˣһо͵һվլˣȻլˮϵ裬þͱլϵߣͬҲΪʮһլˮҲô
СӣоΣͳϣǮϿһԱ۾˵ʮһͷС˵
Ǯʵ̫ˣʲôܷԸˣʮһ΢΢һЦǮ˵
ʦͽ𣿡ǮĴһۺСʵ
Ӧǲ˰ɣǮԼȥʦ𣿡ʮһһ£ƲƲ˵
ԼȥʣȥʦȥǮһ⻰ȴһӵɴ۾Ī˺ܶ࣬ŵһԵ˷׷￴Ϊôأ
ʲôϽúõоһլˮһᵽʲôҲҵǮϺε˿תͷȥһٺǳ⣡
ڿҲ˰ɣһλˮʦСķֹһ䣡
ʲôĥǹҲⶮǮתǸùķˮʦģ
λùķˮʦ״Ҳ˵ˣǮҲһۺٴ¿ʮһ˵СӱҴۣ֪˵Ĳһǰ
Ŷǲһʦǻ˭ǮϵĻʵСеͷΰʮһЦЦû뵽ǮϾȻʵǸʦǿ°˵˵ˣ˵ˣҲм˻ŵģ
ߣôأŶڵʱϷѾ֣ͲһǰͽˣŵʽܶҶ֪ЩһûмЩصͲǵŻģȻĻҲįˣһһǰ˼ȥ˵ĻҲǾᵣ裡Ǯһ˵ĻҲŵӣ
Ǯ̫ˣҲ˵СӵıûʲôʦҾһǰһˣǵҲǾԲûģ˵ʹõЩҲȷһʦ̸ҵģֻûѣʮһȻ˵ԼܣѾһедʣʹ˲Ҳν
ܶʱʮһӲȥܱǷţѾ˵˵ˣ
װɣûҪ̽ʦŵʲôܣϷֻصʦղͽܣϷҪΪʦҪҴǮİһʮһ˵
ЦˣǮϣȲ˵ұǷһʦֻ˵ɿǹҪǰʦΪʦĻΪҵʦܣ֮ĹϵԴˣʮһǮϵĻȷȷʵʵ𺳵ˣԭֻΪǮΪ棬Ҫ֪صʦţȴôҲû뵽ǮϾȻô뷨
ԼʦΪʦǲ˵ԺҪԼΪʦ֣һ£һʮߣԼʦ֣ǾԻһܺЦ飬ֻǶٻһ㻬
ҵרĿгɣʲôĹʦҲûʲô˵ģοӽյıСպĳɾ;Ի֮ϣҺпܳΪƷʦ̤ʦ֮Ǯϰһʮһ˿ʮһмŵ֮⣡
Ǯϵ֮⣬ǺСҲΪҪллǮ϶Сӵ̧ղǮĿ佱ļﻹһЩСĶأʮһƴڻ˵ʹһԵϹѩЩȥˣ
ߣǮһȻ㲻ʮһˣҲ֪ԼȥЩʲôˣ
ͳλƵʻԼһʱʱ䣬ٴͣµʱµóĴĻ֪ӦˣֻҲ֪


719 լˮ
λҲµˣǵĵڶˣһլλЪϢӣȻҴҹȥϿ³λˮʦ˫΢Уһֻۣڿʮһʱ򣬺ͣô֣
Ҳѹ֣ϾһֵլˮϣʮһǶռͷһ˳еķͷİеķˮʦǮϣϣ١ϣϺϣ⼸λڣɶûһ˴԰Ҳֻʮһһ˶ѣ
ʱ̣ʮһʹһַʮֵ֮ľ֮˹ǿɶǸܵİ
֮ϱһǰȥ˼С֮󣬴Լһҵʱ䴩һƬ֮󣬱ͣ˱ֻǰԶһ·أ·صܣۿɼ֮ڣԲ֮ʲôûУ˸ղ·һƬ֣
էһ·أеķˮʦ΢΢һüͷ˫֮о˼֮ɫ
Ϸһλѵ֮ĹҲҺȰ֮£ſϴӦĹΪģ֮ԴլҲΪլʦһģʦڲ鿴˵լҽŻὫҴߵĹǰ״ͣת˵
˵ʦ꿴լϵĻ󣬱˵ûʲô̫ķӦǮϵһվ˳˫ĿڵĿϣɫ֮Ǽ֮ɫ
ûǼʦլҲǼʦ뿪֮ǰһʱʦ˼ѾƷ֮ˣɱǣΪʦͽܣȻôҲֻܿﵽƷ֮ҿ´ѾǸߵľˣ˵ʦʱ֮¶˺ĽϵϾûйģ
ֻ˵ʱ֮ȴǶһЩį˵ƷʦֳĺܶмֱѾ޵еˣҲֻЩ˵жѣ
ǮϵȼλϵĻҲһ˿įλߵȫѾ˻֮꣬ϡ֮ҲѾԶˣÿһƷʦľҲЩʱˣ˵ʱ̵ģҲͿϷǴӵηˣΪŸոѣֻǶ˵ˮ֮óģ
ȷʵͦʦģʮǰʦѾƷ֮ڵʵ㲻ߵĴڣҲˣΪʦΨһӣȻ֮Ʒ֮Ǯϸпһ֮󣬱תϣ
ֻǺģһΣȴûзֻǰ̾һǵһǮϣСֹһ䣬ʦҲ̤Ʒʦˣ㲻Ǹһ
ǮϺϵĶԻʮһ˫֮һ˿˼Ǯϵʦ˵ûȴ֪Ӧþһαϣʻùھ֮ǸʦˣɷˮЭĻ᳤ˣ
Ǹϵʦλ߿еʦ˭أ˵ĻǾǸеĸ˰ʮǰѾƷ֮ˣʲôʵҴϵĻУòλ˻ȥȥˣôȥû׼ѾͻƷﵽɾҲǲܰ
ʦլóⲻΪѵΪڳ֮ˣܹóʦµľ֣Ǯϵ˵ȴһ˿˷ܣ
˭˷ܵģϾҪڷˮһδεʵؿǱزٵģǰһʦµķˮ֣һˮʦǻΪ֮ģ
ͺһǳѧϲʫʵʿͻȻ俴ǰʿһƪҪһֵ̽ԼͿʲôʱһģ
ʱڳڶˮʦҲģҪһʦµķˮֵ֣ĵʱʲô
˵ˣʱʮһҪϸоһǰʦµķˮ֣
Ϸ򲢲ָܹլķˮֻ֣Ҫ֮ܿ˵ĺǷܵʲôӰͿԣȻԿĶôϷҲܸˣ˵ĻȻֳڶˮʦǴȴûһľвˬֻΪ˵һʮǰѾﵽƷ֮ʦֲµķˮ֣
е˶Ѿſˮֵ뷨ˣֻϣܴѧһЩãպаĶͿˣ
ֻ˰Ǯϵ˶֪ǣʱҪÿһ˶ֻΪһжǵʦ뿪֮ǰģ˵ڶʮ֮󣬻һʱƿ֮ˣʱʹЩμӱ֮


720 ĵ͵
Щ֮⣬ʦһľɵϻӣ滹һС͵ľ󣬿ԱϻװĶʣһʱӣһıøӵǿᣡ
ʱӽǸΪӦýǸƽķˮֵˣ
Ҳ˵Žȥʱֻһ֧ʮ˲εĻôʮóҲϵĹЧϾйصĶǷ󷨣һЩ͹۵Ķ֮⣬⻭߲֮˵ΪߵŲɻȱĹϵ
Ҳ˻˵λʦôĻר˲ζ׬ܶǮˣе㲻֪ˣʮһƷʦ˿ˮ֣׬֮ǮѾԶ˲ˣ
ʦ־磬ǻư֮ˣ
ʱյϻӵʱȻʦĻЩ⣬ȴҲûʲôֻǰʦĶϻСĵķһžǶʮ꣬мҲ򿪿һ£ÿһ뷨ʱݺݵĴԼһƣ
ʲôܻ˵Ϊ˻˼ᣬʵȻǿԼ˼ĿԼжĿ
һûеĻôҲ䱻֮Ϊˣ
ʲôأʼϻڻ֮еʱȴǴǮϴߴٵ
ǺǣˣǱ㿪ʼɣλɷľͺˣլ֮˵ĺ󱲵ľﶼϸļأʦ˼֮ǰҲˮָ˵һ飬ȻϷ޶ۣǼȴûκģϺǺһЦ΢ЦŶ˵Ƕ΢΢һͷʾԿʼˣ
ֻǾ˸ҪʼʱȴͻȻ˵ղ˵ˣʱʱ
Ȼ˾ͼϴóһСʣԹԵһԵĿյϣˣ
ϻ£˷׷ǮϵȼλҲǿʼΧĹϾһլıƴУǼ߿ɶ˵ģȻ˵ǮϺͶԼ١Ҳôһ㣬ҪʮһĴ𰸱Ļе࣡
ÿˮʦаģοһķˮʦˣļλߣǮȻȥҪһ㣬Ͼʮһô˵ҲˣﻹǻһζģҪ֪һμʮһʱʮһֻǸոնƷʦѣŶûѾƷʦˣٶҪ˵ȥ֪ἵٷˮʦ
Ϊ˿լһһӣλ߶ڿʼĵһʱͿʼ˹۲죬о
ѹܴ󰡣Ϲѩźһ³ȥԼλߣתͷһԵʮһ˵
Ҫ͵ֻΪҪһеһ´ʦķˮֶѣŰɣҺĴһߣʮһһϹѩŸоһȥˣ
ֻǲŸ߳ûʮһΪϹѩһ仰ˤڵϣ
ʮһͣЩˮʦǼͷȫܣ֧㣡ϹѩûҲ֪ǳʲôֻʮһȴ֪Ϲѩ仰֮оܵԹĿ⣡
ʹʮһֻεĳǿ¶һ˿ЦݣСѾͷ£СѾͷ£عͷݺݵĵһϹѩȴǿԷƤĳԼһͷ˵Һΰ
ʮһعͷ󣬷ֲֹҴӵķˮʦһˬĿзˮЭķˮʦǣǺܲˬڿ֣Ǯ϶ǵһۣʮһľԼܵǰδеԩ
֣ﻭЩʲôʮһԣεЦЦ˵֣ʦʲô
ŶʦСڻĹѨͼأû취ʸûȵģվվһͿԸΧķˮ֣ʹΧԶǮϺ١ȫˣǾ䣬վͿԸΧķˮʹöȫסˣ
ڶ϶ԣǲһĿʮһˬ֮ǰ֮Ҳֻǹʮһ̫ֻ֪ϹѩѾͷڸأ
ʱ֣ĻԺ󣬾һ㵵ĿʮһֻǮЦЦе⣬еţֻЦ֮жôһį˻Ϊͷأ
ҲֻԼ֪ΪʲôЦΪ߳һѵһţįΪȴģڵŵģֱʱ˿̣ļһӣ
ղ˵ʲôֻΪȷԼûǮϻ֣ܵǰһʵ١Ҳʶľ͸˹


721 ɵˣ
ֻѯһ֣ʦʲôôʲôҪǼģˣ֣ӦʮһȾƲ˸ϵЦɲ뱻ϼһ￴Ųˬ
֣ǰİϻĶҲȷʵĹѨͼðŵֽϻźܶСȦȦ磬䣬ãɰ֮Ҫǲˮ֮˿һۣԻͷߣҪܼ־֢ͨ˵Ļô»ֱӱֿ
һʮһǷˮʦУôˣ֣һжһĵչģΪĵĵ㣬ǰҪĹ
еķˮʦѾʼĴ鿴ˣҺܶѾ̶óˣСĵıʲôʮһŻ֣ŷĹһȥ˫Ŀһüͷת˻У
һ뻱֣ʮһ͸оһ֮ϮҪбڶĺ䣬ĺ䣬ԭ򣬴Ǹ䣬䣻ϷǸʪ䣬УдԵģ˵Ѿʮ·ˣʱҪǷڱʮʮȣѩ׷ˣ
Уȴǿ϶ʮȣȴǿɪɪģΪֵطһ꣬ͻ쳣䣬ӹ䣡
䣬ǰĸս뻱Ϯ䶼ǲͬģһֺ裬Ķ䣡
ô䣿ʲôرĹɣиʮһôã־̫Ĺ֮ڸоܵϢʱ򣬵һʱ뵽ˣ᲻ʲô֣
ʮһȴûлشеĻһ֮ǰǰ۾ܵƣ֮ʮһ˫ۣüͷšĸˣֹʲô
߽һЩǿԭʮһвֹͣŵĻͬһ仰仰ǣܰôأ
Ҫǻ˽ʮһģ϶ΪʧˣǸȴ֪ʮһ϶ʲô벻ͨˣʱǸԼԼӪУ
ʮһüּ߶Ȼȥ޹ɿԣÿһȴּĸɣͺڰĳѾ˵ȥ˶ƵģʱһһţʮһȴԾɱӣ˫ü˫һһϣ
ԭĵȺϹѩⶼѾȥһʱˣʮһûгɵеżˣǱ˽֮ҵʮһ͸жˣ׼ѯʮһڸʲôȴǱиֹˣ
ʮһһôˣа˰ɣôſеǲأϹѩ֮£ֻѯһԵĸˣ
Ҳ֪Ҹоϴƺǽĳ⾳ˣӦŬƽʲôҡҡͷʾҲ֪ʮһڸʲôǰ˵˳
ûôϹѩеĻ󣬱ʾе㲻ţĳ⾳ˣҪɵĽ
ţ˵ʱȴǳ˵󿴼˶һº֯һ㣬ٴ˵Ӧǳĳ״̬У
˵仰ƾôѯʻ߶ţǲ˵һ仰ˣһ˵ôĻѾǺܲˣ
֮£ֻĸʮһʮһÿһǾ͸һҪȥԼĲҪ˽еӦֽʱǰʮһȴͻȻͣסˣ߶һʱĻҲǱˣ֪ˣ֪ˣԭˣ
ףʲôѹʮһعͷʱϹѩɵɻʵ
еû¸ˣϹѩûİһʮһ˵ʲôΪô˶㣡
Ŷʮһʱﻹ˼ȥô࣬Ӧһ󣬶һߵĸ˵Ҹæ
ʮһתߣߵһ˵տһĵطһƽ׵ĵطʮһ¶һ˿ЦݣŸ˵һ
õģȻ֪ʮһôԭ򣬵ˣʮһֻ֮䣬㽫̷ԼķȻһλã
Ҫ뾶ʮֵķΧһߵȾͿˣʮһѾ׼ˣ㽫ÿַԸһ䣡
İϴ󣡡дһ̣һһµŵȥҺõǣжǱȻĻʱڣ綼Ѿ÷ǳӲˣһӣȾѾˣ


722 ֮һ
ϴºˮ̺󣬸п̼մʮһ˵
ô֪ģϹѩʵǺĶֿҲûˮ
ˮͶˣû˻شϹѩ⣬ʮһǻش˸е⣬ֻʮһֱſ˵ϣڳĶ棬۾һᣬʹһҪƢϹѩֻܰ
ϾϹѩˣСƢҲ֪ʱʺСӣʮһоʲôȴļˣһʮһ֮Ҫúõһˣ
ǴŮ˺ͲŮ֮Ĳ𣬲ŮһҪˣˣ᲻ֳϲʱ䣬ֵصΪһλãʱ䳤ˣضʹøһаΪ飡
Ů˻֪ʲôʱʲô£ͺñо仰˵С飬ƵģŮʵˣһСӣԸ֮һЩȤҪǲֳʱصĻʹŮ֮ĸѷ죡
ȻʮһȻ֪ԼѾϹѩﱻˣ۾һ֮һЦݵվȻŸ˵ɣ
һн֮ʮһ뿪ȴͻȻһԵϹѩʵ㶼ˣ
Ҳ˵ˣֻܿĶѾˣʮһΪϹѩǹأһ֮ش
ŶҲ˵ʱ˵ˣϹѩһŵʱѾһ߿ʼˣֻʮһȴǻûע⵽ѣһԵĸȴʶһ죡
ȻˣôôʣʮһûӦôأʶʵ
ǾͺãϹѩһͲʮһûӦʲôʱ򣬾ԵϹѩ˵ʮһҪɱ㣬ҽҲش˵Ļң
㰡ʮһͷһٹǺŬҪǱȥȴǷָΪкѾĵһʱܳȥˣϹѩֻСֻϺǯƵģץĸ첲
ôˣʮһСǲǷʲôˣǮϾڻ߲ԶʮһǺǽеɵüæ߹ȴϴ߳ĸк
û£ϴ˴˶ѣлͷһУĴ
˴ˣ㻹ȥæϷȥǮһʮһ˴ˣĻܴסô˵ʮһҲǸģҪǱһ֪ˣԺԼŰˣ
ϴϹС㣬ǲòְɣЩΪѵĿǮϣ
ŶȥɣǮһ֮׹˵
Сʱ󣬵ʱϾҪϹ涨ʱʱʮһϹѩ˲Ǵӻ˳ֻʮһȻϿȥûʲô仯ʮһȴưСȻԼŵϵҴһƫƫԼܶ㣡
ֻǵϹѩߺСʱҲЩ⣡
ߣҼסˣԺʱúõʰһ㣡ϹѩȻʮһ񣬲ɵ÷޷޵˵
Сӣ˵˵㶼ʲôˣһ֮ǮϱϲɫӣʵСĶʮһʵ
Ǯˣʮһ΢΢һЦתͷȥЦЦĿǮϣ
ˣϷ㣿ǮϲȻŭʮһǳ
Ҽǵʦ˼˵һ仰֮һ֣Եغ޹ˣʮһͻȻԷǳ˵
֮һ֣Եغ޹ˣʮһ仰ֻǮˣ֪ʱǮվһҲˣ㿴һۣҿһۣһ̾
Ϸ޶ˣǮ϶ʮһ˵
СѹȻʴӱһСѿҪúõı֣϶ʮһЦ˵תмλȥʱѾҪˣ
Сӣ㻹˵ûʦǮ϶ݺݵĵһʮһ
Сû˵Լûʦ⻰ҪǱһʦ˵ĻһЩðɣʮһЦţ˵ĻǮһȹ
ʮһǮһһｻ̸ʱҲѾߵ˷Ĺǰ˿ߵм䣬ɵȫྲ׷׽߿ϣ
ǺǣʱѾˣظλҲٶһЩԼĿˣô˭˵˵أ˫ָڱ΢ЦŶ˵
ϵĻºֳȴȻһƬѻȸûһԸվ˵һΪû뵱Ǹͷ񣬶ҲΪֳʮһڵзˮʦȫûôģ


723 
ҸķˮʦҲֳ֪ǾͿ֣ô˵ģȻٶԼеĴ𰸣һԼû˵ԾͿˣԺܶ˵ĿⶼڸϣΨзˮЭߣܶ˵ĿȴǸʮһϣ
ʵλûбҪôģ˭ʲô뷨Ϳ˵ȻҪвͬģҲ֪լˮһ̶Ľ۵ģǼʦˮ֣ҲѾȥ˶ʮˣοʦҲΪ֮ôȥ涼ڱ䣬û׼ķˮҲѾ˱仯أϼû˵ɵóˣ
Ҳ˵ģլլķˮ仯Ƿǳģլܽʱһĸ֣ʮʮı仯ǵƻǵòһı仯ˮҲͽܵӰˣ
ϵĻ󣬵һ˵ǶϣֻˬʵЦһº߳˵Ȼλôǫ飬ǲҾשһ°ɣλҪǾʲôԵĵطԲָ
ǿ˵һ£ֻ˵ŴҲˣĹǽһƽϣҲ˵ƽԭΪΪȥ˵һƽˣ
˵ƽԭˮѶϣƽԭլˮϼѣϷ׳˵һ˵
̫ˣķˮ裬ѵķˮҲڻ°
ǣʲôã̫ǫˣϾ˵ɣҲѧϰһ£
˵Ĵ󲿷ֶǸ϶ģЩĴӵĶԱϾǵͷ
΢΢һЦƺЩķӦ⣬˫ѹһºٴιڰֻ֮˵ҸĹܵλһĹѨͼҸҺΣ
˵䣬ϵóһŻֽţֻһֳֽһָ˵ǳ˵ˣ
ϴʱҲǡڷĹǰ棬ָһԱ߼˵߱ˣ
غܶҲ֪ƽԭˮˮöҪûˮĻǱҪݵжˣһΪɽһΪˮߵ˵ҪһЩҲͿˮˣ߸ݷλĻˮλ㲻
Ҳ֪ǵķˮһѧ֮Унľˮ֣֮ҹլӦǻ֣ǴҲֻ֪ǵֵĻûĸӳĵĻʵϲ㲻ʲôõķˮ֣ԴĿǰĻլ֮ĺˣӦûеùйصĲģ
˵ʱ˫֮зŹһ˿⣬Ȼտʼʱֻ˵ש񣬵ǵһεլˮ֮УȻҪϺϴԵĶһЩǸʮһȣչ黹ˣһĺܲң
һεլˮڱصãԼڷһδû˻Ҫһٶȥģ˲룬ϸӵĲ룬ԼжϣҲ㹻ģûп͸ϵʦµľ֣ҲԶٿһ㣡
ϵĻҲǷ׷׵ͷʾͬϾЩҲǿ˳ģʲôĻҲͲŸԵˣ
Ҷ˵ĻУһǻ֪ʶˣ֮ǰạ̊́滭ͼѾˣ
Ͽ˵ķӦ֮΢΢һЦһЩ⣬˵Ҷ֪ϲ⣬ͺͬʱҲ֪һֳƺΪֳֻƺһ˲֪ѣ
˾֮ľɾ֮ոһ𴩹⻱߹ʱ򻹲ãǴҿԳ̤⻱һ£һ»ʲôо˵ʱͻȻסˣŵĿŴң
ۣ䰡
ǣΪʲôôأ
ѵ˵ǹ

ϵĻ£к߽ܶ˻УֻǲŸһ̤۵һ˳и̫ˣһһıŸ첲ӾͺϺһಲͻȻ䴳˽ȥƵģ
λҲѾ쵽ˣǾߵĻͻһɺص֮Ҳȷʵǹֻ޺֮⣬ϵʦլ˵ģ
ҸղҲ˵ˣʦҲֶֻΪ֮Ҳ˵ˣΪĹһƬˣ֪ܾ꣬ʱӣּ֮һƬĻۼܶ꣬ҲͿˣҲͽ͵ͨΪôĸоˣ
˵ʱһ°ûмĺӣɫ֮Щţֲһ䣺Ҷ϶լ֮˵ĺˣûʲôȻᷢһЩСƣйƣټ⻱ۼ̫ܶ࣬ϲ򶴣ƻ©


724 ִ
©ƵͬʱԲҲΪٹƶ
ϵĻ˵֮ڳڶˮʦ¶һ˼ģֻ˶ûע⵽ǣʮһȴǣһĨĪ΢ЦһߵϣҲһ˿ײĳ
ͬ˵Ĺ۵㣬νľҲľ˻ڳ˼˵Ļʱһվ˳ʾ֧֣ѭȥ־ϷǵϣʱϺͶ϶Ҳǻһͷ
Ͼʱ˿վ֧֣˵˸ֱվʾ֧֣Ѿһŵıˣ
ǺǣϺϵĹ۵۶϶һİôвͬеĻԷĴ󵨵ڶֵլˮҪ󵨵ĽûԸټ˵ʱұҵĴ𰸣ЦǺǵĶŶϺϵһͷ˵
ҹû˻ϵĴ𰸲һˣ
ҿҲǣû϶ʾͬ𣿡
һεլˮӮˣ
ǣһֵլˮзˮЭ˷ͷһ·ϾǷϻˣǸ˴ȥˣ
ϵĻ»δչϺĴѾǷˣǿ߳ͬѾ˵ǵӮѾܴˣ
ǡڴʱӵ١Ҳվ˳˶ڵȴĴͬǲͬʱ١˵ˣλĹ۵ҲͬģΪլʧ֮ƬˣֻȴҲţϵʦʱ򣬻ûôĻأ˵ϵʦֻ㲼һլķˮ֣
ԭĲʮʮϷӣ١ϵⷬҪˣڳһλߣѾ˳ͬĹ۵ˣ˵ʲô˵Ѿаٷ֮ʮ֧ˣͶƱĻѾӮˣ
Ǳ߰һլдʵҲϣҲƱƽֶѣԴʱǸӵĶԱ˷ˣ϶ϴһŨŨɫȻ˵˶ͬĹ۵㣬һȴҪģ
ǾվģҲ۵ģͺñȵһзԶᱻ˵һһģլˮж϶ˣôպʱ򣬿϶һҲᱻзˮʦס
ֻڳ֮һ˶ڵʱȴǲ֪зˮЭȴһܻļƻ
ǵĹ۵ͬ𣿡Ǯ١Ϸ۵ʱСĶʮһѯʵģ
СǮģʮһ¶һ޺Цݣ˵ĻȴǮһҪʮһƵĳ嶯ʲô˭ͬĹ۵ˣ
ǺǣСǾ⼸λ˵ĲһԣʮһȻǮҪĳ嶯Цһº˵
ãһҪӴǵԽԽãǮϷǳ˵û취ܹеĻԴǼϼһˣܿǼϼһ࣬Ҫ𽣬ΪʦֶΣֶΪ֮Ҳô򵥵Ļµһ˵ľˣ
ȻڼʮһղĪЦݣ϶ʮһӦǿ˵ʲôҲͲˣ
ͻȻһϺϷôΪ
ѭȥҴӵķˮʦųˣѾеߺ޵ĸоˣ
ֻǵߵλߵǰǷ˵Ϸ򲢲ͬǵĹ۵㣬ϷΪլķˮֹؼ֮һƬ֣ҷǵǰܱʣǵ㾦֮
Ǯϣ¿ǧҪ°¶ҪоݵģǷˮһУ˵ʲôʲôҪóһôϿɵ֤ݵģ˵õӵĶϣΪһվ۵ģǮվ˵۵ǵĲһͲܹˣӵľ˵Ҫվڶϰ
ԵǮϵĻԺ󣬶ϵһվ˳ʾ˵ҪоݣǷˮһѧ֮иˣ
㼱ʲôβˣȵϷȻһ͵ģǮϵһ۶ϣת߻еķˮЭӪתƮһ仰ȴǶŻû˵۴ӵϼ˵ģǳȥ磬ʶʦѵҲ֪ʦΪֻʦֲµһˮ֣ͻôûʲôô𣿡
ǮϵĻϼεһûһ˿ԥվ˳˵ΪϷĹ۵ƥһҲΪƬַǵʲôܱʣ⴦լˮֵĵ㾦֮ʣ


725 רҵ
ǺǣǸּλȻѾ꿴ˣڹյĴ֮ǰϷѯһˣϺǺЦվ˵Ҳǵһ¼λǮ϶֮գ
˾˳߿ȥȴǿϵĿзˮЭǱߣʱ˶ÿ֪˭ˣ϶Ǹһֵլ֮гͷˣ
ʮһȻҲǿϿĿ⣬ʶһ±ӣ
Сѣ֪լķˮʲôûУеĻ˵ѯʵҲǡô
ܷˮʦлڴۣԹޣӵĿ⣬ʮһҲֻվҪ˵һԼĹ۵ѣѾЩڴ۵ģʮһȻĽܣԹ޳ӵʲôúԼʲôŭԹƵģ
ʮһǻΪ˵Ŀ⣬ԼĴˣͦһ壬ԼվĸֱһЩǮϺ΢΢һЦ˵Сȷʵһ㶫
Ŷǲ˵һ£΢΢һЦʮһ˵
ⲻðɣϾСӵһ˵˵ʲôǵλǰˣǴˣʮһȻô˵ţǽȴѾһˣ˵Ļʹڳļλ߾ǲĳ鶯һ£ʮһ⻰ԾǶ˵İ
Ǻǣ˵ɣŵȺҵרΪʦˮһѧˣʮһе˼ô˵ţȴǿһ£ѵĿһЩʲôĪʦ˼˵Ǹˣ
ʱϵĻ󣬶ϵһʾ˶ʮһĲмŲ˻լķˮϿʲôĶأϾ֮ǰլѾԿʮһլˮϵҪǸˣ
ʮһʮͣջ߾ѾӴ˷ˮҲ͸ѧϰˮʱ࣬լϵǿѾǳԾˣլϵķˮҲǿĻǻˣ
Ѿ˲֮꣬Ѿ֪֮ˣȻҲǸǼĲֹһȴҲûڷˮôģ
Ҫ֪ˮͬһѧⶫ۲УҪʵģʷһˮʦǾһδεʵվʦ֮ģ
ôţҲûһǷˮһģϹѩһ仰ȴʹˣǮϣϣҲϣڳзˮʦһӴ
ֻʮһոߵĹǰ׼˵ʱһߵϹѩȴͻȻ˵ι㶼ˮһˣҪǿĻɾͶˣ
ꣿܳ
һ̣ڳзˮʦƷףλ䣬ͬʱðģôλһģѾѿڶˣ
ոսˮһ꣬լϵķˮ裬ڳˣлмλʦģ
һ۶ϣڳжǲˬǲˬͬʱʮһĿһЩʣǵģʣ
ڳÿһˮʦǮϵһЩѾ뻨֮ģ֣һЩѾ˲֮ģÿһڷˮһеĽǳٶʮϣǮȣǿѾ̤ˮһʮˣ
ڷˮϵҲˣȻլķˮһո̤ˮëͷСӣôܹܣ˵ǶϼЩˮʦˣǮϿʮһеˣе㼵ˣ
û׼Ůһ˵أ
ǣȻҪСܶ࣬Ҳ϶ֻѧϰˮ갡
Ǿǣ˲֪ˮжѣǻ֪𣿡
ţǸŮһϹ˵ģ
ʱȺѾʼˣ׷ױʾϹѩ˵ĻҪ֪˶ôëһʲôԼ֪飬һӦ𾪣֮ͻ취˵ԼǲģһжԼˣǶԷ˵ģ
ϹС㣬˵˰ɣôأʱ򣬸ȴͻȻ廰ˣ
㿴Ҿ˵ɣȺֿ֮ʼˣ׷˵ʮһ꣬еһʯҲƵģ߾Ȼ࣬һ
ֻǽ˱ֱϹѩ͸֮ĶԻ׵ĸˣǷǳŭĵʮһӾͺʮһɱ֮Ƶģ
꣬ǶãϹѩ˵Ļ
Ҽǵú񻹲ʮŵذɣǸ˵Ļ


726 ˮ
ȿȣСѣǿʼ˵ɣ˵񼸺Ҫʮһʱվ˳һζЦݿʮһ˵
õģʮһ˵ͷͷ˸кϹѩһۣҲ֪ôͻȻ˵ˣʹñע⵽ȻͶҲް
Ҳô࣬ʮһɿʹ˵עٴμϣֻ˵ȣҵĹ۵ǮϺͨģǾΪһƬլĵ㾦֮
ƽԭˮһһͣΪɽΪˮʮһ˵˫΢УɨڳһȦһһٵ˵ǣһжһǰģ
ǰ᣿ʲôǰ᣿ϷӪеηϣʮһĻһǰʵ
ǺǣֺαļСӼȻ˵ˣһ˵οҪ˵ģҲӦ֪ʮһƳһηЦһ£˵ǰǣ˵ˮ
ǣլķˮ֮ˮĻ֮ǰһ۶ϽȫƷʮһһһٵ˵󿴼Ҫʣһֹ˶ԷתŸ˵У
һʮһǰĸ˵ָһ·ĹԶһյϣĵƽԭˮ۵Ļɽĵط
ʮһĻ󣬳̣ʮһָŵĵطȥ
ڸеһٶʮһ֮⣬Ǯڵзˮʦе㲻⣬Ҫʲôѵ˵ˮɣֻϵ˫һ˿ζ
ɻĿУԼһӵӣбͣлẉ̧̂ͷʮһ˵ͷ
ҪǿʲôŪģηǸ˰Ȼֻص֮ǰվŵĵطϳ˶һ֮⣬Ҳûʲô仯̲סˣʮһʵ
ϾǼӰվֵĿΣȻͻῴ뿴ˣʮһתͷη˵ȻҪͷǸǲһ֣
ߣΪϷ򲻸ңһǵߵ˸ڳǸԱߣͷ߿ȥֻȴһƬ֮⣬ûʲô쳣׼úõĳһʮһʱȴͻȻо֮ʲô˳
δʲôʱ򣬾ǸоһƬ֮ϣûϣָоں˵ʱһһӭͷʱĸоƵģ
һȣη˺üͣǰȪһŵˮη֮׹ղԼϵʲôˣ漴תͷ͵ɴ۾ʮһһֻҪҧ˵ˮһ㣡
ΪҪ˵ˮأΪʱηѾȫˮʪˣȥǱ
Сӣ㲻Ҫ̫֣ηʮһŭ
ǴӺ˵𰡣ֻǽһ£ԼҪȥģ˵ˣСҲû뵽ϻˮ㲻ʮһװһ޹ӣһίС飬ʹòٵķˮʦԵһͷֻҲ඼зˮЭ۴ӵģ
ˣСҲģǡڴʱվ˳˫е㽣ŵգ˵СҪҿıֱϵˮ˰ɣ
ǣ֮ǰϻϺ١ϵ˵۶ȫǽլķˮˮµģڴҲˣˮˮģʮһϱһȭ֪ΪΣϸһָоƺ˵ԼĽƵģ
ʮһĻڿȪһֱϵˮ˶һȻǰղŶ˵һ۶϶ˮûˮȥжϵģˮȴǳˣҲ˵֮ǰе۶϶ˣ
һ̣˿ʮһУˣ֮ǰϵ˵ĺЩˮʦʱ˿ҲˣϾʮһѾʵ֤ʵҲ֤˶ϵ֮ǰĸ̸Ǵģ
Ϻ١ϵҲǳ˾֮ɫֻ⾪֮жٻһ˿˿ΣǶϣϾ֮ǰǵһģ
η˫֮һ˿裬ƺʮһ֮ǰʹֶˮʹôǱȻǲˬ
ʮһһȦ֮󣬼˵˵˵ƬΪλլˮֵĵ㾦֮ʣ
һʮһ仰ȫʮֵľΪʮһѾƶ˶ϵ˵۵㣬ôҲ˵ʮһ˵ģ㲻ǶԵģҲҪȶ֮ǰǸ۵ҪһЩ


727 
ʮһ˵Ҫ˵ˣ֪صҪˣԷ׷׽ĿתʮһҪʮһҪʲô
ݡ١أܴ͢ûʱվڻ档ʮһ⶯Ų˵ظλҲָ֪̫ʦ̫̫Ҳܴ߹ְĺϳơ
ԣ˳Ϊ׸λ֮˸ǻǰ԰ֲλ֮⣡
ҲпܣеѻˣѵһƬĻ־˼𣿡ʮһ˵΢΢Цţһۺ󣬷йȻôģԼô˵ĵĵͷأɵü˵λҪôĻǾʹشˣ
Ҫ֪һ֮ԹһǳõͳǱǲ̰֪̰ã֪¶һȣȻҲһЩĳЩһ꣬ѾǺլأˣ
ʮһ˵ʱ򣬺ܶˮʦɵûĵЦһ£
ʵ֮ǰ˵ĲûдȷʵҲ֮ЧҪεľ۷Ҫ֪۵֮пɲֻй֮ģźܶĲģ
ǰһûԴҥ¸֮⣡
˵ǰһûвƣǽҲ˵ԺһŻҸȻ
˵оۼãҲ˵Ǽֻ֣һжҪôȥʹöѣʮһ˵֮ͣһ£ûмڼȥ˵Ǹһӳʱ䣡
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˸ʮһո֣ԾʹʮһλȲҪŽڱԵȿžͺˣǮϺĻԽ𣿡
ǮϺϻһۣʹڶˮʦΧɵǽߵʮһԣ
鷳ˣҪ뽫ʦڲľ֮еûҳҪϰһ£ʮһ߹ĶϣЦ˵
СӣҪôǮϿһصĻվǰʮһû˵
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Ϊй˷ķ黯ۣΪ԰׻ŷɳˣһƳ̣
ʮһǵͳʹڳȥһɺƱùһһµûһ㣬ľֲǿģȻһѣεĸо
ǮϽ̤λʮһһȣǮϽ¼һ粽һӵĵطվ
Ͻ̤ǶλҲǿ粽ʮһָʾһصվ
н̤Կһλ
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кҲǰʮһָʾӦλվãֻʮһƺ߶ʲô˫֮б任ŵ־ȴԽԽˣֻȻȴûһ˿Կ
ûһ˿Լǵסʮһƣʹܶ˶ƴҪסضİָ
ſűգΪſʮһ£ǮվλãͻȻӽ±ŷһɭϢʹǮϲò߶ڵֿɭϢ
ֹǮϸоˣΧ˾ǸоˣΪɭϢ֮дŵǹµԼ˵аǿֲĸо
ΪſžʮһǳһȻͿվλãһŨĴ֮ĵȻΧķˮʦǿվȽŲһĿŸվλãôŨĴϢ˸ִֽУѾûˣ
ˣҪһˣһҪѹסˣʮһǮϺϣԼкһʹһѣҲǸԼļһͣ
Ϸס⸱ƤһкãǮϱһӣд˸֮ɫ


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Ϊſſʮһǲܱ任ŵ˫֣һͻȻͣȥͺǰٶһ㣬˫֮ϵڴ˿ҲǱ𣬾ĽһЩģԿüǱͻͻͣʱҪըѿƵģ
Ȼ˾ǸоһŨҵĻϢҪһ㣬ָо֮УһƬצҪڻ֮һ㣬ʹԭѾһЩķˮʦǣʶĺ±
ţͻȻһ·˸մӻ֮߳һִޱߵľĵһ㣬һޱߵĿ־ͻȻÿһ˵ӿһֺƴ˶վɷɱͻȻǵǰһ㣡
飬飬ݡԣ
һһĿֲϢŰǮϺԼУ˶ҧֵʱʮһٴδһֱָԼĽ£ͬʱҽ̧ȥ̧£˷֮ŰŵϢͻȻʧˣͺûгֹһ㣡
ֻڳˣǿԺܿ϶ĸ߱ˣղǾԲǻþаɭϢŨĴ֮ȵĻϢɱɱÿһ̵ᵽˣ˿̸ٴιƽϢȻֻһĸо
ֻһȥģٴᵽɤ۴Ϊʮһ£ϢƽʱԭĻȻԼ
Щϵȥ˶βˣʲôࣿЩԼģǶǷˮʦÿ˾ٶһЩҲûмľԼߵģҪ֪ľ˵ҲҪʮˣѾˣ
һˣһˣ˶עǣЩȥͬʱϵţʮһѾˮܲǼˮҾ֪ʦԤԲģ
쿴ûûжȺУҲ֪˭ȷָʮһվλм˵
˵Ļе˶ǿ˹ȥһ֮¹ˣеĻȥʱŻǶӻһ㣬ĶһӿȥеߵϱƵģ紵ѩԿȻ
ѵʦ˵
ؾˣϵʦʦȻ˰
ʦպĳɾҲԲʦ
ûʱҾͿʦǳ֮㣬ն
֪ʦղͽܣ
ͱˣǰˣ
԰̷ҿ㻹ǽǹŮ޸ʦɣǲ֪˼ʦԸԸҪˣ
ߣȥҾ͸Ů˵ȥҪ֪ŮǷϵĸ߲꼶ҲŶʮ꣬ʦҲǺʣȴ뵽ⱻ̷Ȼһ˵ĺеĵ˵ͷӣ׼Ƿϵĸ߲ܸʮһˣ
ֻ˭Ҳûע⵽ǣ֪䣬ѾʮһĳƺǸˣתʦ˵ǵѾϿʮһĵλˣ
ϹѩΧЩ϶ܵӵ˵̸һʼǺܵģϾǿ޵Ķϲˣǵ˵ҪŮܸʮһʱ򣬾ŭˣеȫǵʮһͷϣΪ˳ͷôŽŮܸأ
Ҳ֪ʮһ֪ˣϹѩ뷨᲻ƵѪ
ظλҲˣûŻǱʦˣҲԿûǰֲģԢ֮⣬ûв´Ļû֮£ӦøһöͭǮӦöһԾۼ󷨣ʮһȻ˵ķӦǰһָǰûʮ˵
СӣϷɻվأǮϿʮһֱӾͲǼԼĵ˵ɵúǲˬĶʮһ
ǸСˣǮϣϣУС㣬Ƕɣ۲òˣղҪǽλΪϣѹǿŰϢʮһǮϺ϶ϲ˼ıһȭ˵
СѿˣСķˮ裬ò˶ãͻΪˮѧִţ֮ˣϰ˰֮΢΢Ц˵
ϵĻ˶УͬУͬȴҲкܶ࣬ͬĴ󲿷ֶзˮЭķˮʦͬȻӵķˮʦ


729 ˮ
ֻǲͬ鲻ͬǮҲǰݺݵһʮһļ򣬴˵СӹȻӣҪǱһƥ֪ˣ϶Ҫȥˣ
ҶѣżһιżϿƵķˮֶѣʮһѵõǫһΣ
СѾͲҪˣʦµ֮У˵ȷʵģֻû뵽ȴǱСô׵ľͽ⿪ˣϿʮһ˵
ˣϻƪˣѵ֪ƻǰµķˮڲµ𣿸οլ֮˵ĺ󱲣ڵ֪Լ˵ĹѨˮֱƻʲô𣿡ڼ˻˵ͬʱһȴѾ˵Ȳˣ
ѭȥηʱһȻĶżˣЩŭӣ
ǰǾ⻱ƿˣʹԭеԢ֮û¶˳̫ðɣ
ǰĴСˣլ֮˵ĺ󱲵ĳˣҪƻ˴˼֮˵
ǰ˵ʦˮȷʵܸߣΪ˴Ļǲܵ
̫ᰡ
ηĻ֮ηЩˮʦҲǷ׷׳Ըţ׷վڵµĵָʮһһĶΪԼǾأôˮʦѾ˽ˣƣѵľǶʱڣЩ첲ϲź첼˵ļһ
ֻЩȴûз֣ǻѵָʮһʱʮһϵ۵ȴһĨɫͺڿһȺСұƵģ
ǺǣͲԼλˣʮһһĨζЦݣηԼηЩˮʦ˵
Ž⿪֮󣬰ʱ֮Լٴ¹һ𣡡ʮһǺЦ˵
ɼǻ¾һǲҲ֪˾λ𣿡ηһλˮʦٴʵ
ģ󷨺£֮е˳򽫻ᱻңֻ´οʱ֮ŻٴγڸóֵλϣһβʮһشһߵĶȴ˵ƬΪ󷨵ļӳ֣׵ƻͲӰ쵽ЩһƤëӰ󷨵У
ǽлȫ𣬻ʦƿ󷨣ȻֱӻٵΪ۵֮ϵһЩʧ䣬Ȼ˵ЩڳҲûм֪кأʮһѾǳ׵İˣǰܵôףûһתأ
ֻǰܹܣȴԹޣⱾǼˣοʮһڷˮһѧ֮е츳Ѿʹ׵ˣΪһʱȥķˮʦյǱߵʱ򣬻һѶֿڹ͵ģ
ʱΪһȥķˮʦЩͲЩټϷˮһбͲʲôֳģլլķˮҪʱģʱǣϿ˵ǹųϦӣÿ϶û¶٣
Զһһķˮʦ˵ԿӰ࣬ǵλãڵĻȥеοҪһЩģ
ʦϷˣǽɽв˳һ˻ˣˮδǵˣ뵽ǳǫĶʮһһȭϿҵ˵
ˣʵҵʮһ˵󷨵ʱûһ˿ȵı飬ǵ϶ȭһ˵ֻʱıˣæȭص
ʮһǣ˾һߣҾһɣοϵͶԵϰˣ
ʵֺֹʮһˣ˵ֳзˮʦͻľٶ𾪵ˣ
Ӧõģͱˣ˵ȥɣȴǰ˰֣ʾʮһ˵ȥ
ãҾͼղŵĻ˵ȥȻ˵ӦõģҪеģʮһŶϵһͷ֮ת˵֮ǾȳȥɣӦþҪ£ˣ
뿪֮ٴλصĹǰ棬ʮһվĹǰ濴Ŵҵʱ򣬴ʱ˿̣˵˼Ѿȥ֮ǰ˳׵ı仯Ƿ߲ģʮһʱ˫֮жǷŹģ
˵լˮ⣬Ϊ㾦֮ʣŴҶѾˣô˵һˮ⣡ʮһһۺ˵
ˮ⣿
ˮʲô⣿
ǰҿˮͦõİ
ʮһĻ£һЩ˿ʼ׷׷ԼĹ۵㣬ֻǲŸһۣͱԴӵӸ˻ȥȻû˵ˣֻϷǴߣηȴһ˻С˵ţʦҿСϿ϶ʲôȻĻô֪ô࣡


730 Ĺ
СӸСϷҪ鷳ﲻͬϷǣηһüͷֲûע⵽ǵʱСĺǳһԼͽܣ
ʦ˼Ҿͷİɣһ֮ҾȥϵˣڱʱʶһӶŵĸųһ㶨ģʮһʲôҶģٺһЦ˫֮׹¶ηûгԷԣ֪ԷѾĬˣǳһյЦݣ
飬ηûȥܾܹã·ˣԼҲȫƸ
ֻη֪ǣ·ͽƳʱȴҲһһ٣ʦͽˣǼʲôĲͣ
ŸλҵĻжʣˮʲô⣿ʮһ˵ͣһ£ʹЩҪһٵĳ嶯ô˵˵žͶǼ˼
ˮûκε⣬ȴҲһ⣡ʮһ⻰˵˶еˣʲôû⣬һ⣡
ֱܲһ˵꣬ô˵һһ˼ǰɣ˶ϹѩȴŭˣʮһǴ
˾ǼƢ˶û˵ʲôأ㵹ȶˣʮһװԹĿһϹѩż˵λҲˣ˵ˣ
Ŷ˵Ļе㲻̫뿴ĹĹд֣ʮһ˷ӵԻˣֻϹѩݺݵĵԼһۣ˵Ϲɵľǣλ崿˵ڼСãϹϹѩ
ϹС㣬ҵִ岻һĹȺôֻһأȱʲôӦȴһȵĿϹѩʵ
ŶǰɣҲʾˣпϹѩתͷǴѡ˳Ĭ
СѣȻʹˣ츳û뵽Ȼȫ㿴ˣʱһȴǴһˬʵЦ˾Ϳһ˳󻹸±ڣ
Ϲˣ߳ӣʮһŴ˵˲ǱˣϹѩϰ֣Ϲս죡
λλĹ˵ĺˣϹſе˻֪Ϲ˭ˣϿߵԱߵϹս죬˽ܵ
֪ϹݵˣѾͿ֪ղʦ˵Ĺ֮ȷˣôǾʦ˵һˮô˰ɣҲ֪Ϲս첢һ˵̫ĻϾҲǶĺˣλѵݺƢҲǺϤģ
Ϲ˭ȥţӣ
ȥǶʶսʡʡίǰ
ʡίǣô
˵֮УʮһҲ֪ˣԭϹѩļҪԼлţϹѩӾȻһԱ⽮֮ǰȻҲ֪Ǹʡίǣֱ˿̣ĸʡϴ֮кŸĳһ㣡
ȿȣʮһеĳԾ˵֮ǰ˵ˮû⣬Ϊˮ̫ʢˣ֮ˮľ֮˵ңӦˣҲʹլķˮøӵʢӶʹˮֵĴ߷øӵǿһЩ
˵ʱʮһͻȻһ⣬ĿǱһ΢ЦĿϹս죬еľ֮ɫŨңϹҽʱյĵλټϹսĵλ
Ϲұǵȱ̬ܣοʮһţϹҵĺ϶ûб¶ɵøее£Ҫڴ߷ĻǺпܽĲΣ
ʦˮûķѾ˵ˣķʲôʮһԼ֮еʱǱѾ˷ˣʵǸ֮ǰ˵ҪʦŮܸʮһ̷
˵ʮһˮʦЦһ£˵ҸոҲ˵ˣˮ̫ʢˣľˮǴҲ֪֮УľˮľˮľҶ϶Ĺ˵ĺ󱲣ҲϹһңӦǻһĸβӦⲻ̫󣡡
֮ǰϹСļƢһ㣬ҲΪλ̫ԵʣֻϹһңӦó˸βĲĲٵã߲òǵģ
ʮһĻԺϹսü˼һ£һ֮˫֮һ˿֮ɫʮһ˵С˵ûһȷʵ˸β֮⣬ûĲ֢
ϹսĻشǿ϶ʮһ˵Ļʱ䣬һ˵ʮһжϳ֮ͺλз⽮Ѿǳ˵ϣҲʹ˷׷״һ


731 ̶
ǾȻĹǷùʲôʹܲµóе޷ˣֻ޷޷ܣ˿ʮһУȴǸıɫ
һһ˵츳߲̫ܳ࣬ôⳣ˾Ͳἵˣͺñһúõˣǲûкõ̫֣ĸоԲĻһּʣּƽﻹãǵĳʱһ֣ᷢʵǼŵģ
ǣ˻һ㲻ʶģֳɹ޷׷ϵʱͲмʵ뷨ˣ˵ĳ׸ȣ
ʮһڳĺܶˮʦĲ࣬ͺñǸ׸ͨˣֻһǲƸϵĲ࣬һȴǷˮϵĲ࣡
ʵճ˵լˮĽͿǸһˣϾ˵ȥЩе漰Ϲˣ
ܾ⣬ʮһ׼˵Ҳ׼ڽһεլˮƴʱȴٴˣ
Ȼʦô࣬ҲһˣլķˮǺξˣǲ֪˷ˮֽʲô֣˵֮ˣ֮ǰһٶʮһ鷳ģϷǴӵη
ηĻԺ󣬺ܶˮʦһüͷΪǷˮһѧУһأլ߷֣˼Ҳ˵һլˮóΪѧۣˮʦǽоʱ򣬾ȫˣҲȫ˵ǶĹ˼˵һ𾴣
Ƕλ´˷ˮֵķˮʦ𾴣
ҿڶլˮıƴ͵ɣɫҲˣֵıƴƺɣϿһηʱվ˳˵
Ȼˣʦ͸λͬнһ⵽ǺηˮְɣҲøλ֪ͬпۣ͵ǼʶˣպȥˮʱһƵģҲԱȻηȴǲĵ׷ʵ
ϹսĵλԼϹǺܺ£ȻԷǿţԷὫ͸ȥαҪϷǵģ
ǺǣȻô֪Ҿ͸Ҳ޷ʮһϺǮҪֹηҡҡͷ΢ЦŶη˵
˷ˮ֣Ϊ̶˴֣֮ʮһηһһٵ˵
ʮһش֮˶𾪵ͬʱȴҲд˲ɫȻʮһȻլķˮָ˵˳ʮһ˵̶ˮ֣ȴһҲ˽⣬û˵ˮְ
ǲǻҪң̶Ǹʲô֣ʮһηϵɻ֮һЦʵ
ηǰһЦݵˣͻȻһǿĿ־Ϯ·ҪʲôõƵģֻţΪΪԼȻڷˮϲˣҪսĻû˻Ķ֣Ϊű֪ʽ
ȻܵΣգηû⣬Ҳܾνո˵ˣֻ˵ȷʵʦԣϷ̶֣֮ʵڲ֪ʦ֪
˵˵ûʲô̫ŵ㣬һ㣬ȴ˶޵ģǾˣʮһǣһĨЦݣתͷ˵شҶˮֵʲôҲ󣡡
䣡
ʱʮһĻոµʱ򣬻ȴǴһ˼æתͷȥȴǷ֮ǰѾɢĻ֣ȻԼĺ£мȥ
Լֻʱ䣬һƬĻ־ٴκһ𣬶Ҳǿڻֺһʱ򣬻ڲĻͺǴʲôƵģԼﲻͣƶţֻ̼䣬еĻλö䶯һλã
˿ƬԼ»һĻ֣һ𾪣ĵؿһʱ䣬ǰʱʱ˿̣˿ʮһ񶼴һ֮ɫˣ
ǺǣҲؾţֻѣҾͼ˵˵̶ķˮ֣ʮһǺЦţ˵˼ٴ˻
ʵλһˮ¶Ⱦ֪ˣҲѯһ£ԷϣϾոտԺˮܽӴģʮһº͵Цţ˵Ļȴʹĺܶˮʦ̲סЦηȴҪֱӲһɱʮһĳ嶯
ֻǲô˵ûȥǰѯϵģϾ˭ҲɵȥϺʮһ֮ĶԹ
ϴˮµİܶˮʦǰһˮ£ǵһȴǸУ


732 ıµı
ȷʵµİ
ôˮأѵ˵Ȫɣ
ȷˣҲǷ׷ԼʣֳֻܻشʵģҲֻʮһˣϾҲֻͨʦһеģˮµһȴûнΪʲôµģ
ʵܼ򵥣Ϊµˮʼʱˮʦڵˮ棬ֲһ󷨣ʹˮˣʱգѾһˮûеʮһһЦζĿηֱηЩ˼ˣΪֹ
Ҳ˵ҪСˣҽ˵˳ϾСˣϹĳ֪ˣ϶뷽跨ģ
ǣҶЩȴ˿ҲģȣϴǰլķԲʮ֮ڶ޷ӽҪﵽƻլķˮˣ
ΣҲҪ˵ģҪһԭǾǴլķˮ֮Ѿˣ⵽ƻҲ޸ģ
ôһŻڳĸλӦһˮĻ飡˵ˮһʵֻŵϵλҪڷˮ֮ϵģ
е˻ˣʵȻҪԶܶ࣬ǻˣƣ
ȻҲ֪ʦʹլķˮ֣ôγƵģǲò˵ʦڷˮϵ裬Ѿﵽһ뻯ľ磡
ҲŸ˵ƻլķˮ֣ҲǲӰ쵽լķˮģΪķˮѾγˣ
ʮһĻ˵Ǹһˣڳзˮʦϵıһʼã𾪣ǵģΪеķˮʦ֪ˮı˵һЩȴѵģ˵ҪƳͣ˵ҲҪһϵʱ䣡
ǰլķˮ֣ȻֻǶʮʱ䣬γ˶еƣⲻò̾ͬʱҲϵʦˮֵķˮʦʦе棬һˣŻ᲼ţķˮ֣
ʮһ̨˾ȵı飬е֮ɫֻǶ಻٣Ϊһû˵̶ķˮУȻĲˣ
鲻ˮֲôƻԼ޸Ҳ˵ʹϹܵʲôǳѣֻҪһʱϢԻصλ
Ҫ֪͸ɽͼУǾһģǲ֪Ҫʲôʱ򣬲ŻɹĽɣ
ʮһţֻҪɹĽ飬ôԼƾɽͼأĪ⣬ǳ¼Ҽ´ɽʱ򣬾ϴǰǱ
լˮƿγô죬ʮһһ²⣬ʮа˾žǸˣ
ȥʱʮһ˱Ϲս뵽һϣûкһŴͳ
ҷⷿκʹͳǲһʮһ͸˾ͺƵģ˷֮⿴һۣһµģĸһϹѩķ˸ۣ
ϴ󣬷ҲǮˣҾǲҲˣ̫ˣʮһԣ˵
ҲǣԸۣ⳵ȷʵе㲻̫Գư⳵Ӧúܹɣһ˵İɣʮһŸ죬˼ĵͷ˵
ҪǾQQˣʮһһ£۾һ˵
ʮһеϢҿǸ˵иڵİʮһĻϹѩ̲ס²һʮһûôŵģ
ҿǼǵС˵ģڹÿȡѾһʲƵʽˣϹѩһ˵
ǮҲģⲻǸĹ𣿡ʮһҡҡͷΪе˵
ҾҲǣǶǮۻȥҪأΪͬʮһ˵Ļ
ҾãϴһҵĳˣǮ˵ֻǼٷ֮һѣпʮһͷ֮˵ԼΪĹ۵㣡
У̫ˣûʮһ˵أϹѩȱʾˣ
Ҿλããȿװ棬ܲ˷ѵ̫࣡ʮһæֱ֣Ӿ϶˸˵ķ
ʮһһҵĳȷʵ̫ˣҪϹѩ˵Ļе㲻һ椸ԼһʲôǳĺԼǿˣ
ֻʮһûע⵽ǣ˵ոʱϹѩ͸е˫иһ˿Ŀ⣬ʮһûע⵽£͵͵Цһ£һıóѵЦݣ


733 ش֮
ֻһбһһֱû˵ֵ۵ˣûиʮһΪУͻȻÿʮһϷˣʵҲ⻹Ϸˣ
СȷʵӦˣֻǲ֪СǴĸأʮһҪ֮Ϲսʣ༸ҲȫʮһϾˣͺпܴ㣬ԺסǸˣ
аɣһ֮ʮһ΢ЦŻش
ҲǸܺõĳУϹս˵ͷȻû˵ʲô
ϹսһԣҲû֮ǰǰ֣һ֮ϹսͻȻʮһЦ˵Сѣһ鲻֪ʲʣ
ʮһһвɵһ£ϳ֮ǰ֪Ϲսдһʣ΢ЦŴϹʲô⾡˵ϹĻʮһͿˣ
ǺǣҾͲˣʮһʵǣϹβ֪ɲϹս˸ȻЦʵ
ʵϹ˵ʵҿԸҲôʮһ˵ĻʹķڵļȫסˣϹսϹѩŮ
ֻһϹѩȴסԼƢûֱӷŭȥʮһ
ʮһ֪ʲôԭ򣬻֪ѩѾͷǵģǸϹսһº󣬱ЦʵͬʱԼŮ
Ϲʮһ죬ܱҴ𣿡ϹѩһϹս죬Ȼ˵ĵôԼ飡
ʮһЦˣҲˣŮûأͿʼԼˣϹսǶʮһװǸ˵һ䣬㿴ʮһ˵ϣʮһԸңΪʲô
ԭ⣬ǿԲشģǿѩϣһǾش㣡ʮһͻȻе㲻ˣ⻹ΪʲôúԼƵģ
ͻˣ˵Ϲսһ£漴Լ׷ʵһЩ׵ĵط
ϹսĻʮһһ£Լô£ôúõģͻȻˣƢأô˵ǰҲϹѩӰյ˵ԼȫӦİ
ϹʵǱǸҲ֪ղôͳˣʵǲ˼ӦʮһæվϹս˵̬֮Ͽң˵Ǽټ
޷ģˣϲϹսҲû뵽ʮһǰ󷴲ôĴһ֮ˬʵĴЦ
ʵ֪ϹǷһ仰꣬ش֮ʮһƳһһԵϹѩ֯һԣһ֮˵
Ҳ˵ԽǽӽĶͱȻ⵽ȥݻ٣˵ĵϹսˣһԵϹѩ
ȷʵͺǷˮʦһУÿѡһУʽĳΪˮʦռһԣߵһʹ֮֮һʱÿˮʦϾͻᱻһǷˮ֮бΪȱ
ʮһ˵ʱһ˿įԼһУ˸ʲôȱôΪһɷǣǳΪ˹ǣ
һϹѩڿʮһͻȻį󣬼æʾһʮһôˣȴҡҡͷ
ңʦˮֵʱ򣬾ѾˣҲˮûһȱݵĻϹһ⵽ѣԼعʮһ˵Ȼ˵ˣҲʵ˵ˣ׷Ļܼ򵥣ֻҪ׼㶫һ֮ھͿԲ
ǣˮԴʱ򣬲ᳬ꣬Ϲҵر⵽ϵƻƻΪǲͬģпܣӵʱ䣬Ϲ˥ȥ
ˮԴ⻹ڵĻϹˮֵı£ٻᱣ͵ķϣʮһ˵ʱͣһ£˫ֱϹս۾һһٵ˵Ѿ˵úˣôѡϹԼɣ
лⷬˣ֪ôѡˣϹս֣صĶʮһ˵ԼĬĬ̾˿ֻϧϹ⻼ȻĻһѡκϹһҵĸβģ
ϹѾ˾ˣʮһǺһЦϹս˵
ǰʮһԺҪʲôõĵǵģǧҪϹҵԶģǿ³֮ǰϹս˵Ļ


734 ʲŬ
㷢һûУžƵߵʱʮһǵɪĿϹѩ
ʲô⣿û֣Ϲѩֲɵһʮһǵɪľ֪ʮһ˵Щʲô͸˻ȥ
ϴʲôⰡʮһĵɪ˻ʮһӰ˾ǸУֻһı鿴ʮһͺһѧϰⲻᣬĵʦ̵ѧƵģ
ٺ٣ϹС׺ϲҵӣ˵᲻ҪĸƨʱýŮ޸ҰһĻ˵ǾܾؾܾػǾܾأʮһϵЦݣһߵǮϺ֣ˣǷЦݺǷˣ
ϴҿ˵ϹСʵֻǶСģһأ˵òѪԵϵģ㲻ҪȢǸϹСɣΪԼ˵ĺСǻǱϹѩˣ
Ҿһεı֮۸ǸϽаɣ̫Σˣʮһ͸Сֹš
ȥɣϹѩ̲סˣҲﻹôˣһһž˹ȥҺõǣϹѩûʧȥǵĳ
ǾƵڵʮˮʦͿһĻˬᣬȴ޷ȥ飬ǾŮ׷ʮһ͸УǼȶֶţֱ֮󣬸вƾŹ˵ʣǼѵ˳
УҰʮһŮ˵ķȭŶܳȥĸнеϹѩıԤϵˣ˵ЩΪ˼ߵģΪо⸸Ů֮ƺôĺгŶԷйһܺһ㣡
ֻҲôɴļ˶ı֮Уû뵽ԼûʲôİֻҪĻǸϽ椵ħư
ǮϣϣϵᣬǸͲһˣҪʲôʱֱҪҵĻ͸Ǵ绰ʮһڸеİ£ѵܳˣܵǮϵǰ˵һ֮󣬾ͺ͸жĶˣ
ǺðŸոջڴֵĸˣתۼܵӰٵʮһ͸Уϲɵøп˵
˵ĺ˭ûƵģǮЩ˵
Ǻǣϼϣȴǲ֪ʱǮϺϵǮϵỰ֮Цһ
ƥЦʲô̫⣬Ҳûһ𣿡Ǯϵŭˣ˵
Уں쳤ؾãֻںӵУ㣬ӵжûӵйб۾һǮϣǸ߰˵
ҲǹˣΪһŮ˼ʮˣŮҲĸһˣӣƺ֪ǮϺ֮ĶԹ˵֮˲м
㶮ʲôһȥһûŮѵ̲ˣǮϺϼͬתͷϺһ䣬̬ͺڵĳЩԲз˵ϲǵĻƵģ
ûϢļһӲŮѣΪҪһڷˮϣһ޵ƥˣĺ쳾ȴһҲӣ෴ϴǵĶŶϺ
УʲŬҲûãǮƳһϣм˵
Ǯϵ仰һʹԼſ̬ǳܵˮʦҲ
ȻԼͬĿ⣬Ѿʧ˵ǸողűŮһٵˣ
ʮһȻ֪ΪǮϵһ仰ֳΪмʵĿ꣬ΪʱѾ͸˵ȥСԽȥһɫСԣ
˶ǵһµĵط֮󣬲ҳԵľģʮһ͸жҲǲܹף
ͣͣԳԿһСʱѾǼ˴ˣʱʮһеֻˣһ£һİĺ룡
ǮǴİɣпʮһϵĵ绰ʽȥһ֮˵
ԸǣȻ׼û£ʮһҲǲȷ͹һº󣬰˽ιã
ã𣿡绰Ǳ߲Ǯǲϵһǳ
ʮһɵһ£ɵðֻõǰٿһǸİĺ룬ȷԼĲʶ֮ʮһٴν绰ŵߣɻʵλ
˼˼ǸܵٵĻ鼯ŵ˼˼绰ͷȻûеõʮһȷеĴ𰸣˼˼ȴҲǸѩŮһӾʹӶԷĻУжϳһԼҪҵǸ


735 ˼˼
ŶС㣬ô֪ҵ绰ģʲô𣿡ʮһһº󣬶ŵ绰˵ǵԼаѵ绰ԷԼӳ¹Ĺػ֮»ĺ룬֪Լûм˰
ŶٸҵģǶԲǲǴŵˣ˼˼ʮһĻһ˲Щտʼͨʮһ˵ʱ򣬻óһЩ˷ܵģ
ûûУֻеѣʮһҲû뵽ǱߵķӦô󣬵ҲǼæͣתƻʵСʲô𣿡
Ŷ˵ˣҸպýҪȥμһᣬֻ涨ÿ˶ҪһͬǰȥҾ뵽㣬֪ɲԡ˼˼ʮһѯʣæ˵Լ˼ֻǰŮ棬ļû˵˼Ҳˣ
ʮһ⻰ҲֻܿЦҪܾͿԱߵĸһצʾӦ
ü۸Уʮһŵ绰˵ǺðɣȥģֱӴ򳵹ȥ
˵㣬ʼҴƵ꣡绰Ǳߵ˼˼Ȼû뵽ʮһӦæ˵ַʱ䣬ȻҴææľ͹Ҷ˵绰ӾǺ¹ҵˣʮһ߻ᷴƵģ
˵ɣղʲô˼ɶҪҴӦҶϵ绰ʮһһԵĸУźɫʵ
ϴ㿴ⲻΪ˵ˣ͵ֵȥһ£¶ЦݣóԼֻϢҳʮһ
ԼҪ˵ûпϢȺãʮһֻһۣտϢĳƺ̲ס˳ôż찡ϹϹĽˣòԼıһôˣҲıӳƺԼ
˾ǰʣɩƺɣһӾͿʮһΪɶӦ٩һ䣬ͿʮһˣŽֻ˵ɺ֮ǰ͸ҷϢˣ˵ǽҪǸƵμӴᣬϣһȥ
ô֮ǰûʮһʵ
Ϊ°ϴһ£µԾһֱûظأкٺЦһ¡
߰ɣСôĵķϣͲƽոյ٩ҵˣʮһžһ˸еļϡ
٩㣿ľ仰˵ɩٳƺϹʵϴҾðɣҪϹСôƺĻһΧиͣģе˱ŹԵĳʮһ˵
ҳǰɣܣҲݺݵʰһ٣Ȼϴ󶼸ҵ٩ˣʮһб۾˸һۣͷȾˣɵúں׷ţ
ˣʲôǸʲôģôҪͬȥģʮ֮󣬶ͣһҵ棬ʮһץŸеļ˵
Ҳ֪ϴѾʲôˣλȥǾȥҡҡͷⶫô֪
ҾͲȥˣʲôֱӶˣҲ㲻ǳ˵ǰʱܲμǸ𣿡ʮһְһ£ڳⶫĲҲŸе۹⣡
ҲμӵЩᣬҲǳ䵱ʲô˵ıȥִģЩҲǺܶһûһţֳԺһ֮󣬿ʱѾߵˣ⳵һǰʼҴƵ꣡
ʱĻʼҴƵǰѾͣĺÿһλϵģʱĴӳ߳һĿŮŴҲǷǳʱУÿһλŮ֮󣬶ŽӴԱרְ£˴˾Ƶʮ߲㣡
ھƵŸŮ˵϶һЦݣֻ֮ڵȴʲôˣŮ˴֮Ҳע⵽˶ԷٿԷʱ򣬲ɵöһ£ΪĳЩ˵ӦǳˣΪͬһڽһеģ
ʵϣŮ˽µĸ黹ǿԵģϾʲôһְҵҲˣܶ˽һУҲֻΪıѣЩϸڿģֻҪչڱǰһ棬ϾֻвϵŲŻñһֱǵôˣȻĻǶ繷˵һͻᱻ
ֻǶŮڶڵˣҲֻ໥һͷѣûŮ˼˼ɺ֪ǣȵ˴ʱͬһ⳵ڣ
ʮһôҲ뵽ǵĳ⳵˾Ҳô˵һ·Ͽʮӣ˾Ȼһֱ˵ʮӣ˵ʮһ³һ̣һӳĸоΪģҪΪ˾ʦһڸ˵ʮһװ


736 ·
۸оͲˣΪڸ˵ͨһЩԻ⣬ǶִʱҪյģҲҪգܶʱҪ˵ûпñ˲ɣ
Ժ˭ٸ˵ǵĳ⳵˾ĮҷǴɣѾ˳ʮһһӵĲˬ
ţû뵽⻰̶ȶϵƽеĳ⳵˾ˣȻöǻе㲻ˬϾһֱûͣ˵ôã
ȥǰȫǺȻܳпǰոͣµȵ˵
᲻һ㰡ûǱ߱˵ͣѾûпλˣʮһָָһߵıŸ˵
ʱ˼˼ɺˣѾԵľ˻ȥΪѾҪʼˣΪͬһ˾ǣʱһص̨ȥ׼Ŀ
ʮһ͸ж˳ҲûӭӶˣ˭⳵ģһôˣû˶װͦ
˵Ҳ⣬ֻǽ˵ݣնŮǷϢһ·ʮ¥ֻû뵽ǣŸ߳ݵſڣͱģӸסˣ
λ˽˻һλƤɫһıסʮһˣ˵ĻƺòʵȴѾɫ۾
˽˻ǱμӴģʮһԼǰֱۣһü˵
ǻλʾһ֤λٴ˵˵ͬʱȴٴδʮһһۡ
ûи˵Ҫ֤ʮһȻ˶Էеı֮ɫҲûȥԷŵĶѣ
ǾͲ˼ˣλȥȻĻҾҪͬˣλȥֱˣ˵Ѿָ˰˵ݵм
ɣҸѴ绰һ£ʮһ˵óֻҪ绰
λʮһ⸱ٶҲûţǵУⲻʮһ˾Ϲȥˣ绰ȻҸڰˣ
ʮһڵ绰˼˼˵һ֮󣬾͹Ҷ˵绰վţΪ˼˼Ѿ˵Ӿܸϵ
ֻ⸱ٶȴǳŲˣָʮ¥ݿڣ˹£
Ҳݣôʲô˼ʮһסǼƽϣǸеıƢɾ̲סˣۿ˵͵ļһȻ˸Լˣе̫۸ˣԣ
СӣȰøϽȥ£ⲻǿĵطλһֱû˵ƤһЩıֱӴһӣָŸд
ݣӽֻȣʲôˣƽǼǺЩƣѹͨϰյˣǵ˻Ƶģ
Уˣαظŵļƽϣʧݰʮһȴס˸УΪʱѾٴδˣһմˣ˶ӵģ̫鷳ˣ
Сӣ˵˭ǿŵأƤ׵ıˣʮһ˵ʱʹоϱ˼̤Ƶģ
ǡôʱ˼˼ȻѭȥͿһһ׵ĳȹͷÿŮСŸ˹ͣµʱڸոܶԭؿڻ΢š
˵ˣʮһһУԴŴŮ΢΢һЦ˵
ǲ˼Ҳǵһβμᣬ֪ǻҪ֤֮ģʱ˼˼ֻʮһһˣȫ˱˿ʱжôʣʮһǰ˵
ûϵģʮһҡҡͷ֪ˮŮǱкܴѺ̬ȵģ
ҵѣҿԴȥ𣿡˼˼ʮһô˵֮ŵһʯͷˣת˵
ԿԣƤһЩıͷʮһսʱһƤһЩıȴ֣ס˸Уʱ֮ǰǺеͬҲǸ˹
˼й涨һֻܴһ˽ȥסеıȻ˵Ų˼һֲ˼̬һ˫۾ĿŸУƺ֮ǰҪִǣ
ҵѣǲӶҵûòģ˼˼ϴξͼУԺʮһǺҪõֵܣ̬ȺǼĶǸƤһЩı˵
ǲ˼Ҳûа취Ǽǹ涨ģƤȴ˿˼˼ӣȻֵϴǣӣʵΪ˼˼ʲôĴǣֻһոճСǶѣ


737 Ϲ
ӣ˼˼һ£ɵ˵λүѣܸ𣿡
ߣүѣһǼӵأƤɫıǲм˵ͲСǵѻʶүĴ
Ƶ굱ҲЩʱˣٴ繫ӣС㣬үͼִҲֻβżôһζѣҪ֪ƵɻǼҵأ˵ճСǺǰӣʶүǵȴǸǲܵģ
ǲܣֱ췽ҹ̷
СôģΪ˼ֻǸСǣͿ˼֪𣿡ȺУһͿһŷͷ˹ԻһŮģ
ү˵Цˣǹ涨糿ʱ򼾻үոշԸģƤıӺ󣬼æЦݵ˵
㿴ֻһˣŮǲҲֻܴȥһүӣָһԼԺŮװΪѵӡ
үȻǿȫһȥģƤһЩıû˿ǰдĸоЦӯӯ˾ʮˣͷĶү˵˵ͬʱһƣ
ĺ𣿡үװ˼һ£ֻ˵⻰ʱ۾ȴʮһ˵ģ
ү˵ĻʲôõģƤһЩıϵӶѾһȥˣǺ޲ſȥʾԼλү𾴣
ǺǣǺðɣҾʹѽȥˣүЦһʹŮ׼ȥˣ
үŮҪȥˣ˼˼еҪˣԼòײŰҪΪһ֤ԭʹĺֵܹܲȥĻҲ϶ȥģ
һ£ȻүҪŮȥʱȴͻȻһ˵ѭȥȴǷִʮ¥Ļ᳡߳ӣᣬһȥҲֻʮӣ
һģһλӣǴԼʮճͷӣƤЬͷҲ֪˶ٷʮһ￴ȥе㷴ˣͷм仹Ⱦһɫ
үϹүλҲ˰֮ǰޱȵүټ֮󣬶ʱͱ֮ǰƤԺһЩǸˣʲô󣿿ŵĹ͹˵
ôҲǰСһСҲóӭһ£ȴ֪еλүûһ£ֻǸһЩӣֱߵʮһǰЦʺ
Сģʱѣʮһǰݰ׵ļһЦһ£˲Ǳˣ
ʮһʮһ˵ʱ򣬸һˣȴƦƦ˹קĿʮһмʵ
Сӣ˵ע㣡ʮһ𻰣ֱӾվ˳ۿǰŵˣ
һȥСү첻㣡˭֪꾹ȻȫӸУ־Ҫƿȴûûƶ
УϹѩĵܵܣʮһæУС˵¸һŭ֮£һ˰
ô֪ϴ󣿡Ƴһ֮ʮļһ󣬲ʵ
㲻һǵһμϹѩʱһ֮ſʮһСĽš
ֹʲôأ㻰أǲʮһϹʲôʱ򱻱ӹŭˣ
ǣʵ̫ˣпϹӣ˵ͷΪ֮ͬǰʮһ˵Ļ
ȻϳˣʲôҲϹҳû㿴ҵƬʮһǰ޼޵Ϲѩĵܵܣ˵
ȥȻһţţСүǲ㣡Ϲ籾ŷŭģúõĽѵһԵҶصʮһģͻȻ뵽ͷ˵Ļκ˶Զʮһ𾴣ҷãһӾˣ
֪ͺãʮһϹҵһ£һëСӡ
ʮһĻϹ绹ûסȻ޺޵˵ô֪˭ģ
СӣϹҵŶдڶͷˣ˵أʮһû˵Ҫ˵䣬ϹǻҪϸأۼҲǶĴôôأ˼أ
ݣϹһγԱˣһʮһ󣬱㲻˵ˣ
ǺǣôվˣѾʼˣϾҪʽˣʮһϹˣſ˵Ϲѩһֱʮһ飬Ѿ֪ˣʮһϹԵģҲе㰵ˬ


738 
⼸Դڼ֮Լ֪Ϲһˣÿκһ𣬳ԿҲ˿̿Ϲһʮһ˸ͷоȻ֣˶꣬ڴñĸо
Ǻǣı˵һֻܴһ˽ȥֻСһˣֵֻܽȥһһҪȻͲȥأϾô߼Ǹôģʵе㲻˼ȥʮһƤЦⲻЦ˵ţһԵҪˣ˭ô֪ʶүҿӻôʶϹү
ԶԶԣҸղҲ׼ѵأ̫ˣһλֵܸӢˬȻ˵ʲô˵ģһֻܴһ˽ȥүϾҲȦеģԴҲֻΪߵģʮһԼϹ˵ǸԼ̬ѾжϳһҲһ
ȻԺƴǰµҹӵòҲûһƥģȴҲֻΪһλļĹӣ
ϾϣֻܿôСģкܶ಻֪ĶУֻô֪νˣǺܶһζҪȥΪˣ
Ŷ𣿡үĻʮһζĿ˶ԷһֻۣôһۣһķѾʲô˵ˣϾֳˣ˭Ҳɵҷǵɵһһ
ŶԭǼүǼһ涨İϹȻ竣ȻʮһǺ֮ǣǲô˵ȥõˣǻŵģûүĻǿǸ
ǰǰǼүԸģȻСҲôƤһЩıʱϵĺѾ˳ѾԼΪʲôûҪȥǸӣ
Ǻã͸Ǽһ绰Ҹոջ߿أϹ˵Ѿͳ˵绰˷Ӧһ绰˳ȥ
ιϽſһˣסҵѣϹĻţƺûУڷԸƵģȻͽ绰Ҷˣ
԰ⲻҵľƵôⱣǼһĻҶϵ绰֮Ϲתͷʵ
㿴˵İһϹ磬ּģֻҪʶǵģһ᲻ǵķԸأ
ôˣĸϹүġ˵䣬ѾǸ˹ֻǻδȻ˵꣬סˣΪʮһ
ô㣿ֱԽϹʮһǰʵ
Ǻǣʮһûлشֻ֪ʶʣûָԼش
ȻʮһԤϵǰ㣬ûʮһش𣬾ʮһĸ첲׼ߣϹ綼ǲˣ
˵ҪʲôҪģΪʮһһﶼˣ˵ôɣϹһס˼ĸ첲Ȼʵ
ϹĻĿһʮһǿסеʣתͷϹ˵ĲģõϹүδϹ̳ˣһСϸʲôϽȥкö
УأϹһۼ˾ȥֻǽȥ֮ǰϹȴǻͷǸ˵һ仰סүķԸҪһû֤˻ȥˣһȥģ
˽ȥ֮󣬾ֱ˿ϯ̨ǰλϣǰţʮһǸɵĸ磬ǽʱǼһһʮҵأ˸ɽӣС۾ȥ֪һΪļ֮ˣ
Ǹ˾ǼүĴ磬ҵĴүˣȻʮһǱһۣĽ͵
ŶǼүһߵǸ˭ʮһعͷʵ
ǸүүҵıڣҲ֪ǴģûģֻҪһţлģλشʮһǼһЩ
ʱλүҲѾˣֻȴֻһλŮ飬λΪϹȥ֮ǰһ仰㱻棡
˼˼ΪһЪҪԵʣʱں̨׼ţ
ʲôᾹȻܹЩʮһǰŵЩӣЩʵ
ȥʲô֪ʲôΪ˸ղŸһǸ椣ϹʮһĻԺ󣬾ȵ˵
ϹүôҲϲһЩСһˣʱɺͼȴ˹ŵǸʮһע⵽˵лģ


739 ŵ
ɰȷи˵ʵ̳˶֪ڵڼ˳λˣϹֻƳһɣ֮Ҫж
ҲѹϹ˲ϹһһֻӣлֻһжҲ˵ôϹδļȻҪ˵쵼ͼŵĴǳҪ˵սϹѩû취Խǿļ壬ԽĴУ
ԣϹһʲô竣ΪĽǲıģҪΪ̳ˣǳģôܻһأ
ÿֻ֪װ棬µĸ竣붼Ǹģһļ̵ĳǾԲר֮˵ģ
Ϲ˵ĻҲȷʵ٣һֻ֮ģݣǱʵǾûпȥ̳˵ģһϴ󣬽ΰһǳгǸˣмĳһµģ
Ϲߵ΢һ㣬ǴΪСƨʱ򣬾ϲ㣬ҲϹѩȻϹѩʱܻ᲻ʱŰ龰
ǺǣϹүƢôĴ󰡣ɱϹһ仰Ǻò֨ˣһļȴǵһЦ˵
һǿ˭ˬ˵˭ڼĻϹ絹ǻشˣȻȥȻװӣ
Ǻǣܣһ𣿡ϹĻشֻЦһ£תͷʮһ
Ҵ缾ʮһȻ뼾ϵûôãǰҪװһӵġ
ãҵƬԺлȸ裡ЦŶʮһ˵ͳһƬݸʮһ
үãһûʲôƬ׻˵ֲЦˣȻ⼾ЦģҲû˵ʲôԼĻôòҪеģ
ǺǣˣҲӡ˼ŶѣҾȻλȥˣףն񣡡ǺһЦ˵ĻҲкתʱλȥ
Ŀͬô죿صλлС˵
ûʲôô죬εĶڱصã˭˭ȴȻЦӯӯ·ݻ˵һ㣡
ΣյĸопǱѾ˵лģСĶʮһ˵
ţа񣡡ʮһҲǵ˵ͷ
Ϊʲôûдҽһһ֮ϹͻȻʵ
룿ʮһͷûת
ȻҪ֪϶ҵģϹƺǺܺϹѩ
λϵĴϾҪʼˣõƿᱻɽͯڿ֮ǰǰ½żɺС׳һ׸裡̨˻ʱһŸ߿۵Ů˽̨򵥵˵֮󣬾ȥˣȻͿ̨ϵƹһ
ȵƹٴδ򿪵ʱһƤƤװɺ̨ϣ㳪һʮһûӢĸ
ĲȵɺʱʮһȤضŸ˵
кǵ˵Ц춼쳶ˣ
СĸȻллС׳ôͿʼǽĵһɣɺȥλŮЦݿĶ̨µ˵
һƷү׳ģһĻƿλҲʶ֮ˣҾͲ˵ˣڱ㿪ʼɣļʮÿμӼ۲ǧ˿һߵŮСϰŵĻƿֿһŵֿ֮Ц˵
ļٵİп̨ϵĻƿС˵
û˸üٵģԼںڵļҲҪںģ仰ĸš
ղʣʲôЩǰʵһƷʲôҲ֪ǼǱﳤ쵽ģ˵ʱ򣬼ϹҲεĵһͷ
ȻˣϹֵļ֮⣬ÿ嶼ôˣϾÿ˶ڵĲȥ֧֣˵
ʮһӦһ䡣
ڼ˽̸ʱ򣬻ƿѾȥˣռ۸ʮ۸ֹӣͲǮ峯ƿҲͲˣ
˼һЩûõģȻֻǶʮһԣһ֪˭ĻȻʮ֮࣬ҿԱԾԾԵӣƺҲǺϲΪûоۣǵǸҪµĶذɣ


740 ֮
ΪʮһĶһȤʲôܹʹЩŵĳۣ
һ£½˼˼С㣬ΪǴĸǸһ䣬Ҳ̨һ£ʵ˼˼ɺֳϳȫΪ˼ϾʮһƼģȦҪһҪԼ
ŵƹⰵһϮɫȹװ˼˼һܸǰ棬࿪ʼ֮ǰʮһһۣʹϹ翴֮ǲˬ
һŷ˼˼ǿ峪һȵ˼˼֮볡ʱҲ֪⻹ģʮһ˵ӽһŮһ֮һкӴбȫǸкӰǸк
֪ĶࣿĻǵʦģϻƪϹһ⻰ʲô˼Уʮһֻģʮһܲˬû취˭ʮһĶأ
һ̣ʮһͻȻеϹҲΪղ֪ôȥһĻأ
ʱһοʼˣ֮󣬾Ů˽һƷʱʮһȴ˫֮һ˾
һԽָԽָһǳ֣֮ģ˵һϷһģഫÿһԴԽָ£鶼ۣһҽץס˵ģŮĽԽָ͹¡
ŮϲĶģʱеŮ˫֮жų˹⣬Ǹ̨ŵŮˣ
ļ۾ʮÿξһڿʼ
ʮһһ˿⣬ɻʵ
̫ˣʮһҡҡͷ
ż˵ʱ䣬Ǳ۸Ѿһʮˣֻô̶̵һӣȻһʮ֮࣬ɼջж
֮󣬼۸Ȼ˶򣬾ĵҲֻʣˣֱɣһӣ
򣡡ͻȻһȻĿżһˣȫԽָһΪΪҶŵĶģֻΪԽָֻҪԽָ椴ҵǺܴ
ȻָϧԺ椴ҵˣһ䣬˵ҪΪһĶһǮ
Ǹӣɺļ۸ԥһ֮ҲǷˣ
԰֮ĽָүڱصðǺãһΣŮּܹᣬĄ̊́ǺܰģԵ㿪ʼˣҲ֪öΪԽָģΪ±ߵƷģ
һκ֮Ҳûľͱ˵ڶμˣ
Ǿ׼μ۸Ȼһʱȴⷢˡ
򣡡
ᣬȴ㹻ֳˣѭȥȴǷͼмһˣڿ˭ļ۵ʱȴǲı
ֵ̨ŮˣĪ˫˫˵ǼˣǵǸ۵ӵʱ򣬻ûܹϳԷ˭ȴǿ˶ԷڵһţԱߵҲǺŹӣ
λһΣĪ˫˫˵仰˫۾ͿɣʱЩҲڿɣ
򣡡ɺݺݵĵʮһ۵͸ҪʮһƵģ
һǧ򣡡ʮһûһۣӣĶȥˣ
ʮһ̫ˣԽָҪˣˢһ¾վָʮһߵ˵
ҪǮشĲʮһʮһԵĸС
ߣһǧ򣡡ܻĺ
һǧ򣡡ʮһоⱲûôⱲҲûлôǮֻȴһоûУ°еȫָҲν
Խָܶͨ˵ֻһһĽָǶ˵ȴǣΪıû뿪֮ǰһζԽָ˵һ죬ôһ˿ԽָĻһܸ˵ģ
˵ԽָԭˣıٳʱһˣǶϷ򸾾ȵģ£УϷ򸾵మʹѾǰ׷ԲˣȻ໥ű˴ˣ


741 ʮһſ
ʵԽָܹʹ֮䰮棬ʮһǲŵģΪıһ仰Խָͱõ
ҿжǮСүǧҾͲǮҳһǧ߰򣡡ſشЦţ˿˼ҹӵ
ǧ򣿻Ǯ
ǰѵ׼ǧȫԽָ𣿡
˭ỨǧȥһԽָأ
ɵĻ󣬲ɵ۷׷ףʱļϹˣȴǿʮһ
ΪʮһһβûмڳۣǾôĿɣǵΪʮһûǮˣȻ֪ʮһ͵ĺڿȴҲֺ֪ڿֵطǲܹˢģΪܶ˶УǱҪֽ֧ˢȻҪҪˢǸģ
Ȼ֧Ʊ͸ˣ
֣ҪҪǮĻﻹУżﳤҲ֧ҵģû˿ԥ˵ż֮жԽĶĶҲȲʮһǷһ飬Ϊֱˣôֵã
ʲôģҪ˵˭Ǯ࣬϶ǸҰҲô˵ҪǮĻҲҵģϹһƴֵ˵
лǵĺˣǮһǳģʮһ΢΢һЦԶ˵˵ǧ򣡡
һۣνƽһףһʯǧ˰˵Ŀⶼǿĸˣڼڵó裬ҲǧȥôһָģҪǱ峤֪ˣ϶Ҫһٶģ
ǮҲô˵ˣЩӶԣǮǼǮҲȫǵİȻ˵Ǯ˵Ǯǧ򣬲˭ҲǶʹİ
֮ǰҲֻ˵ǧ򣬵˭ҲΪǧȥôһԽָתۼ䣬һںܶ˿ʶ˾Ȼ׳ȥǧ
Ҫ˵Ҳ𾪣ɴʱɾˣŸŸɰ˵ǧ򣬶ԷŪ˸ǧͺñ˶Ǯһ֪˶Է˶ǮֱӾǽƸɱˣ
ڴʱˣô˿ţҪֱӾͷˣǺܶˣԺôȦ찡
ңңǧ򣡡ҲǶʻˣžһ¾ˤȥһŽ𿨣˵һǧ򣡡
ҿһˣλȥӻɣ
û취ʱ˲ɣ

Ⱥ֮һ֮һȦģ˴óǮ󲿷˻֪ģ֣еҲЩˣҪ֪֮УɿҲֻһûκʵȨĸѣ
ǧ򣡡ʮһȻ֮ǰ׳ʱһ㵭ͺһһ޹ʹƵģһߵĳ竣Ϲүʶһ죡
ǧôǮñŻ⳵ҲܳǧһûôǮɳ׵ŭˣѾŭģ̶ûˣ
֪ôƺĪ˫˫ɵĻǸĶʮһЦһ£Сĵʵ
ҽʲôνܳǮͿˣʮһмƳһ죬Ÿʹ˸Ϳϯ̨ӻóһпݸĪ˫˫
λŮԲһ£⿨ﻹжǮԽָǮкʿ˵ʹĺ̨һĻɺһںôĴף
еĻ֮Ī˫˫ڶݵһ֮󣬾ͽŻһʹĪ˫˫㾪°͵ֳڻϣ
ڿ˰ɣĪ˫˫۾ȷԼûпʱ򣬸г˿Ȼת̨صλ£
ôĪС㣬ﵽûǮɿĪ˫˫֨ˣɵôʵ
ܳԽָĪ˫˫һԼԺ󣬵˵
Ī˫˫仰Ѿ˵һˣڳÿһڶݵ֮ȫ˹Ī˫˫˵㹻Խָ仰˵ſҲҪļ۸Ķˣ
ɵ÷׷ײ²뼸ҹһˣһֳ̱˹עܶ˶͵͵ĽʮһϷ˼ˣϣԲһ£˭
ˣڿԼ𣿡ʮһ̨ϵĪ˫˫ʵ
ŶõģǾĪ˫˫ҲССһ£΢΢Ц˵ǧһΣ


742 Ī
Ī˫˫Ļ£ֶˢˢĿɣֻʱѾͷ̧ˣѾˣɲ˰Ǯû˼ǮԼǧѾȫˣĪ˫˫Ǿ仰Ȼ嶯ȴǲɵȻ仰е˼
Դʱ˿ֻ̣ܵͷװʲôҲʲôҲӣ
֮ԭҪָ֮ܽ䵽ʮһģһȴˣװںеһԽָʮһǣһĨĪЦݣȻСĵĽӷ˿ڴУ
˵һԽָҪ͸˭İҽɣϹ翴ʮһСĽӣ̲סʵ
ʲôأȻˣʮһһϹ磬ʶ˵
ҸϽ㣬˵бŮˣϹ統ŭˣԾĴһ㣡
㶮ƨʮһû˵ͲԷϹҲʮһˣΪƷڳˣ
ظλѾȺܾˣڴСƿװŵľǴҪõҺˣʲôҺ岻öֻ֪֪мǿǿãڸãҾͲ˵ˣҶǴˣĪ˫˫֮еĲƿ˵
ֻȴǶⶫΪҲǺãӵҿĪĶô߼۸ʱ˶ǲõģֻϰȴǸ˵ɽļ۸һ۸
ˣڿʼģļÿμӼ۲һԪǮĪ˫˫߶ʵʱ򣬲ˣһԪǮֻģ́ͷʱȴǷָûע
߰򣡡
߰ʮ򣡡
˰ʮ򣡡
һǧ򣡡
۲Ÿһʼ۸Ѿһǧĸ߼ۣʹֳһθ֮ǰһǿʮһɾһԽ֮ĵĽָ
ϴ󣬾ôһСƿ֪ʲôҺô˾ģпЩ˸ƵģǾۣɵе棡
Ǻö˵ùҺ֮Ӳ֫ǿһ˧׽ʮһ˵ĵĸн
ȥôţȣзһпתͷʮһϺٺЦš
붼룬ȻһоǸʲôȴܹоĳҺаЩùҺˣеɥ־˰ɣʮһῴʲô˼Ļ󣬹еǷݺĺͱǿ˼
ֻǶСƿڰɫҺ壬ʮһǸоֵֹģƺаһ㣡
Ͳö֪ˣһκܶ嶼Ϊģҡҡͷ˵
ףֿ³ɣʮһЦ˵Ÿ˵ѵ㻹ϴ˵Ļɣ
ʵϴҲʲô֢ģֻǿȻԲϴĺȣʱһȥʲôƨĳ¼ҺͼȫˣһЩͳ˵ֻȴһԻһҵļүʹļʶƤһ£
㲻ںںһɵˣôȥýİɣұQ˶ˣʮһݺݵһ¸еļ򣬳˵ȴż
ǧλףˣӰѻ𣡡ͻȻվЦ˵ֻ̬ȥҪǷжǷ⣡
Ȼ֮󣬺ֱܶӾǶŭĿӣүģôǧôһô۸ѾôţȵĻղžĽָʱôͻȻأ
ֻ룬ȴ˭Ҳôȥ˵ҪôΪûǿȥ˵ҪôΪмȥЩ˵ǾͲƴֵںǧ򣬶֪ǧǱȻģСƿװŵҺ壬һģ
һϵļ۸һЩҲһǳ֣һⳡᣡ
Ȼɺ֮˺ܶྺģż۸ȲǧʱѾֻʣĸھˣֱϹ磬һʮһʶģܣǽĮ̄ϵĪ˫˫һѪԵϵ
ĪĪҲһҵĴ壡
ʲôģ𣿡ʮһֵĿżô컹һûгأʲôģѵǵһ
Ϊָ߶˵ľһǮȥƴǮֱӸأ˵𣿡Ƴһʮһϵ˵
㿴˵Ҷ಻˼˻ΪҶమأʮһ˼˵תͷٴ˵Ҿϲˣ˵ģ


743 
ҪģСűүĶСӣҸŲҽҽ㣿Ϲһ߱ʮһͼˣһвҪ
磬ˣҲô׾ͷģҵܵҲҪһԸһﰡǲǣȻ֪Ϲֻ˵ôһ¶ѣˣҲǲĵģΪǲغԼӣغűļӣ
Ҳã۸һʰ˻Ϲ˵ͷȴͷҲûأΪǱߵļĪʱҲڿߣ
ֻĺǧ򣡡
һڣϹƤգһ£ֱӸɴľͱһ˶˵֣ϹǺɧֱĿ۹⣡
һֻϹ绹ûܶãͱһ˸ˣ۵ǸĪ
һ壡Īո˵꣬ܶ˶лĪǸֵʱһÿ˵ĶУ
ѭȥ
˵жǸһүûһζڵҰɲ㺰ģǿĪ˫˫ʱҪȥģ
ʱͿˣν֪ͨĴĴ֮Ĳˣкܶ˻˵һڶѣܶ嶼õóȷʵ˵ֱǾţһëҲҪȥ㣬οܶ嶼˲ģʽûô࣡
̫Ǯˣʮһǲǵ֣һԵĸ˵
ǰҺǰֵ׬һӶ׬˼һͷип˵
ԺҪЩǮ˿ˮ׬ǮҲܹһЩʮһ˼˵ȴһԵļԺЩʮһˮĸһѺ
ҾʱȥɽɽĺһЩǮѧϰƷȥʮһͻ˵ͻȻ뵽йôĵطÿ춼ű˵ʲôעضͯעճ֮ģĺûкܶ࣬Լۿ֮ǰж࣬϶бȶģ
ϴ̫˧ˣɩҪ֪һܿĵģ뵽ȴǣı֪ʮһȥˣһῪĵ
úǰж˽ƵģʮһеĻҲѵõһ죬ԼǰȷʵˣȴǼϣ
ڣʱȴԴһһ˿ŭ˾ǳͣͬ˵ҿôǮ
˵ĺǧһԽָûǮƵģʮһ͸˵˰ˣ̲ס²һ䣬ҪõĻԸȥǲҺ壬ҲỨǧȥһƽָʹָٺã
Ϲ纰۸֮󣬳һεİԭڳϹ֮⣬ֻʣǸˣʱȫڿżȻϹһѾǰ϶ļ̳ˣ
ǺܶҲ֪ڼҵĵλҲǷǳι̵ģǼĶүǲ޷࿹ģܶ˶ãڼϣлʤĿܣ
ϹүôڱصðҪǲϹү໨һǮǿϧϹү׼ЩǮˣЦĿϹ磬ϻ˵һѣЦ˵ڣ
ҪֱѵСү㲻ɣϹȻϻǸ竵ӣ˫֮ȴѾ
ڣټӰɣҾֻЩǮˣƿҺˣϹͻȻЦһ£˫ۿż˵ʹ˲²˵ĵǼ٣
ڲܶ˭ԲһСˣôҲû뵽ϹͻȻ˵ôһ仰ҲܹõóȴҪڣֵֵãϹ磬ϹǮ˵Ϲģ
Уʹڼ֮ڸߣҲǲбϹǮģϾǵ滹Ǹһүүһ콫֮λóҲһʱǱ˵ģֵҲҪʮԺ
ȻȥǡڴʱߵлȴС˵
ۼ𣿡һ۾һ˿⣬Сʵ
ȫû⣬ֻҪƥԳ֣˭Ҳ鲻ҵϢֻҪ˺Ϲû֤ݵ£ǲǼҵ鷳ģлĺŵķš
ǾôˣԵ˵ͷֻЦŶϹ˵ǻǿϧˣҲֻڶѣעҺԵˣ


744 
仰֮Ϲ粢ûбֳʲô˵ɫʱүүͼﳤоԤ㣬ʮҵģȴֻһ룬ɾе㲻ˣ
ν³ԣĪ˫˫˲ҺĹȨϹ֮Ϲ͵͵ķһϢȥ˵үүѾ֣е㲻ģ
ϴôоǱǸлĵļһղһأСĶʮһ˵
СǸһԲ򵥣ʮһûֱӻشе⣬һ£ΪС˶ԷһлύֵĻڱԷˣ
ҲһƷʱʮһȴһֱ壬˫֮¶һ˿˼̬ȻƷϸоĲѵ˵һѧ֮йصĶ
ŴҲٵ֪һЩƷϢˣҲͲ˵ˣһ֪ʲôʵĹżֻ֪¼һЩ֮ĶݼǴʱڵģĪ˫˫ҪĽһ£ϾͲרҵģܶϲȥƷ;֮ģ
ڳĺܶˣҲĽܣǼȻˣ˵Ѿ֪ʲôˣ񣬴Ӹ˵ʲô̫Ĳ
𣿡ʮһֹһ䡣
ôȤʮһ˵ɵɻʵ
ӦûܹɣʮһûֱӻشĻǷһ䡣
۸ԲϹүƿҺ壡ǼĻش
ʵ̫ˣ𣡡ʮһҡҡͷʲôЦôǮһȱȫ󷨣ԴˣҪ󷨵Ļھокܶ࣬Ϊһרż󷨵ƪ
ֻʮһȴǲ֪ǣֻǶде˵ȱ󷨲ֵȥȴ֪Ժܶ˵һȱ󷨣ʮڶԲΪĳЩرҪļ˵㾡ҲҲԸģ
ʮһ˵̫˵ʱ򣬼Ϲ磬ͶȲ˵󷨵ļֵ˵֮ǰָʱǿĳ˵̫˵ģɽأȴô۾գһµģͻǧȥˣ
Ҫ֪еϹ磬ҲûôǮȥӻȥֶָˣ
ҿʲô񣿲ΪǼãƲʮһװǻƵĽţȴ˵İۣ˭ҲʮһˣΪǶڵʮһмۣ
ʮһҲȷʵûʧֻĪ˫˫˵ļʱʮһ֣һ룬һ򣡡
һʱ䣬֮ѻȸ˵ţȻĪ˫˫ȷʵ˵ÿμӼ۲һ򣬵Ҳľֻһ򰡣֮ǰǸǧȫԲϰ
ŶѵûҪ𣿼Ȼôƣҿɾˣ˿㵹ʮһûв˵쳣Ƶģ䲻ҪĶ̨Ҳͬס˵Ī˫˫˵
Ī˫˫ʶ˵һһΣ
ڶΣĪ˫˫Ȼû˳ɵü˵
塭Ī˫˫Ҫ˵ȥȴֻ˵һ־ͱ˴ˣֻɴһʲô壿һǧ򣡡
̫ˣȻҵˣʮһ˵һ֮¼͸˵ˣҲܱ仰ʲôӦ̨ϵĪ˫˫ԩ۸ͲܣȫƵˣ
ôʮһ㲻𣿡ɼʮһˣɵƵ
ţ̫ǮˣҺ£ʮһȻشɵ⣬ȥȴôôںСأʮһ֮ǰǧ򣬰ɳԵģ
㡣һʱ侹Ȼ֪ôӻˣ꣬ôôеԼľ籾һأ˵ԷӦø𣿾ǲҲҲŸݻɣ
ôˣûǮҲУǺðɣҼסˣһڵģʮһװ޹ĿһɣȻǸ죬ʶԷû˵һڵģ
ݣֻǼô˵ʮһķźݻˣȴôôͺںԼƵģ²˵Ǿ仰Լͻһ
Ǯ˵̫Ѷˣⲻ˰ʮһɵĻСֹһ䣬ֻȻСȴǺ˶ˣ


745 
꣬㻹ʮһ󣬵һԺеķӦ
ʱĪ˫˫þͷӳˣΪһˣʲôʱһҪԼһõˣ
˸λһǧһΣҪӼ۵𣿡
һǧ壡
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ǧ
һһĺٴλָ̨ϵĪ˫˫Ҳ͵͵ĳĺһǰֱֿᣬûôĽŹ
ʵ̫ˣʱں̨ɺȴСĶһԵ˼˼˵Դ֪˶ʮһܽ˾ģһʮһĺֵܸеŮ֮Ůͱúһ㣡
ǰǸɵģʱһѾѪˣ˼˼ҲСЦ
ȫȻ֪ǣʱں̨ԶѾһǣҪĿ˼˼ϣ
ʦİɣںһŮһأǣǸŮһǸأ̨УһӣԱһŨױĨŮӵϣһֻȴŵ绰ĳ˴ŵ绰
ȥɣɹˣһģҪȻĵȻۣȻҲģӹҶϵ绰֮󣬶һԵŮ˵
ӣľͺˣϱұϾȦôˣճСѾͷѣˣǾƵģȥҵĺϢɣԳϱŮӣеȻЦһ£˵
λûأҽϱϱΪŵĲһ˼˼ɺŮŵĵطһߴк˵
ѽϱ㣬Ҳ˰ȵϿĻҪŮ̸ǰ̨飬˵תͷϱɵ˷ܵ˵
ϾոսȦûõС˵ϱֹڶһߴǣǿɼģԶŮԵúǼһĻϱУҲĵ¶һ˿ϲɫ
Ů㺮ֻ֮ϱ˵λãλԸԸһΪҵµӰģҵľ˵ʣû£ִɵμλãԹѯˣ
ǿ𣿡˼˼ɺƺԼĻҪ֪ڵϱĵĵӰÿһǴǵݣԱһжǣǵӰĲǵĸģȻ
Ȼˣǲ֪λԸⲻԸأͬĻɽǹ˾ȥ̸ҲλúǺģò˵ϱ˵ϺܶĴ˵֪˵ǺܵĹ˾ⷽģϾܶȦˣʲôϷʲôͨ棬Լģ
ϱ㣬ǽ͹˾˵һ£ԵĻʱϵ㣬𣿡ɺ˶ϱ˵
ǺǣǺðɣҵϵ绰ֱȥ־ƵҲԣϱתһ£ݸŮһƬ֮󣬾׼뿪ˣΪΪȦлñȽϾһЩǰ֪ʲô̲
Ҫ֪ԼҪСѾͷƬӵλ߶ˣӦʵİڳһȻСѾͷΪԼˡԷƬ֮󣬾뿪ˣŮһе㲻ˬ˵ĸо
ɺôֱӴӦأҿϱеˣ˼˼ϱ뿪ıӰСĶɺѯʵ
ҾҪҪүһ£ϾҪ˽ԴӦ»ʹýеΣɺҲЩ뵽λϱС㣬ǰһ뻹ܸ˵ĺ̸أһ˰
ĶԣҪǲеĻǾͲȥ£иôõľ͹˾Ѿ֪ˣ˼˼ϿɺĻ˵ͷ˵
ں̨ıŮһ߰ԿϧһҰοʱǰ̨Ѿǵһݱʱ
ʱھĵֻˣֱǸĪϹڼ۸ڵʱѾ˳ˣˣΪʣôǮˣе˿ܻʣȻϹôǮΪʲôһЩأ
ÿһ̶ֳȵĴ壬֪һľ֣ش֮ƷõһĻļҲ޻˵˭û׼ˣһõˣǾе̫ҡˣֻҪرſļ壬ǲģ


746 
ʱļ۸ѾĪеˣֵʱ򣬼ʹʮһ͸ֵôĲںǮҲʶǳ鴤һ£ôǮҪһĻôռĵط
һͺƵģÿһμӼ۶ǧ򣬲ò˵⺰һκܶ˵ĶǸŲһ£
գ֮䣬۸ѾеʮڣȻֳ˲ʱѻȸ˶ڿĪ˫˫ڵλţڽмأ
Ҳȷʵǰ㣬˽мˣʮڣһڰ˱Ī
ȥĪҺǮлӦʶһ£пŵ˵
ţȷʵ۸ϲıǺˣʮһҲǵ˵ͷ
ôˣûǮ˰ɣʮһתͷʵ
֣ȷʵûǮˣѾСܵļˣϾ֧ҵ˻٣˵ǿһЩڼеʵȨǸҴȻǲ˺ܶడѵõһ£
Ҫҷŵ㣿ʮһ뿪Ц˵
־ͲҪȤˣעⶫҵģɬЦһ¡
˵ôݵʱڣһȱ󷨾Ѿ䶨ˣձĪʮڵĸ߼ˣǱߵļȻƷȫʧˣȴûһŭӣЦվĪףһ£
ߣȥߣ֮󣬼ʮһĸ첲Ҫߣȥżӣ
УϹүȥɣ·עⰲȫʮһվŸ˵ű˲ע£һŷУĽļ̸˸У
İɣպ֮󣬵˵ͷ
лˣҪ۸ҽ㣬ȻŹ㣡Ϲ֪ʮһΪøбԼ˵ǱԼĵҺ壡
ʮһȴϹһת֮ǰԸ˵㻹ڸС绰ɣһ㣬ڲڶǴҪģҪ˱밲ȫ
ΪϹĶ߳Ƶ֮󣬼ʵ
ҪǾҿɾˣǱһе㲻ģʮһתͷż
֪ҪʲôģҪȥɫһӱĶʮһ
ȻЩģҲû˵˭ʮһȴĺܣʵ˱Ľϣ
϶㣡ʮһż˫ۣ˾ô㶢ңҶ㣬˭Ҳһ£
ܶǰҾ֪һ㣬㣬ܹʲô޷ĺһЩͳ·һֻʨһ㣬ʹĴӾƵڳĺܶˣŵˡ
ҵֲܣûʸ񣡡ʮһһת۾
ûʸܣΪҪ֣ұл뿪ģ֪𣿿ܾˣ˵ҪеǸӢͻȻǷƵģ˫ֺݺݵʮһļϣʹʮһĵ˼ײһոҪʻĳϣ
ƿڴţǵǰʱԼ뷨ΪոҲʮ߲㣬ҲۿᣬԶǰˣ֪ģ
ȵĸӢأȴô§űŮˣ֮أȻ˵㵽ǸӢۻ񣿡һʮһ˫ȭյĽģһȭļƣ
ѾŮˣܰңҲܰοС֮ǲܵģ˵ĺమ뿪ңȻΪһᰮһӣҵŮѳֵʱҷֲǵģʮһģתͷż˵
˵ʲô£
ܣ㲻ˣһΪʲôôΪ϶Ը¼ҳ׶֣ЩŵĿʮһ
ʱΧѾΧ˲ٵˣֻǴ඼ʶ˭ģȴҲǰȰ裬ֻǳ˵ĺģȴҲԸɢȥ
ΪమԺϲٸŮˣжٸŮˣ϶ΪҵĳΪŮˣⱲӶҲʼôһλãģиẹ̈ҵŮ˿뿪ң˺ңȴܱ˺ʮһϴǵĿż˵Ļÿһֶݺݵ˼У
ҶˣԲ𣡡֮󣬼ѵĶʮһ˵ô֣
У԰ʮһĿڣҪ֪Ĵ𰸸
ллһлת׼ȥֻǿΧһȦĿ֮һ£ְ˰˵ɢ˰ɣɢ˰ɣ


747 ·
ɢˣûôСүƢ𣿡˵֮󣬷־Ȼû˶ɵôһȺһɢˣҪôԼĳȥˣҪôֱӾһȥˣ
ʮһҡҡͷҲת뿪ˣֻߵʱȴǸд˸绰һ£˵ߵʱ򣬳ӻˣڵϹأ
ʮһ˵ַжԷСģԼϾ͸Ϲȥ֮󣬾͹Ҷ˵绰ôɺϣӻˣŪأ
ӣͷİɣСѾͷһҵģʱҾͰ͵ľƵȥģǸ˼˼һǸʱ֤ʦ˼⣡ʮһû·һʱ洫һŮ˵һʼҲûע⣬ȴԷеļָסˣ
˼˼ʮһվס壬ô˰СѾͷˣŮ˭ֻʮһ׼߻ȥһ£Ӿǿˣ֮£ʮһ˫ֿٵĽһӡ̧ȥʱһɵĲײİâֱǿߵĳŮϣ
ΪʮһǸһ绰Է˵һ飬һЩ˼˼˱˵ĵҽһ£ǷĸŮҲ˶ˣ
ʮһָ˼˼˸绰СһЩҪȥʲô˻ʲô£һҪ˵һǸ˵һҲԣȻͼææ˳⳵Ÿ˵ĵַȥ
ʱʮһҪȥĵص㣬һȺΧţﲻͬʼҴƵſǰƻԻͣǽ⣬ѾһƬˣ
Ѷͷߣڶ֮УΪ׵һ˼ɤӶΧмϹ˺
ƾǣѵǻɱСүɣ˵˭ģҾĹǣȻĻӦţߵϹҶὫڳϹ̤ǰһݵ˵ʱϹүȥƵģ
ǺǣϹүȷʵɱϹСȴǸҵģ˵С㣬ֻҪǴеж̳м֮λжôһ뻹ǿԵģǸΪ׵ĺ˼Ǽϸɤ˵
ǲǼҵ߹浱Ϲѩǿɱ˵СܣߣϹѩһӣѾǳУ
㣬ҲߣҪһߣϹϹѩͺһ
ʲôдСߣϴôģϹѩϹһ󣬾ͶŸ˵
ƿҺ˭Ҳ뿪Ǹǲм˵һ䣬һ֣ڶΧŵĺ˾ͳͬʱλεĵ
ΪβǹʵΪǹĻڿ壬Ϲ磬˭ļŭϹңϾûҪϹ˺Ƥʱأ
СϽҹؼȥǲϽҵĻҲˣϹѩȾŸӳȥֻǸճ嵽һ룬ͱһӰסˣ˱һ
ȥﺮҶ㰡Ϲ翴Ůֱӳ嵽ȺУɵżĶһֱĸ˵
ȴᶼûһϹ磬˫һգգĶŶ˰Χ֮еǸӰǸϸܵһ˿Σգһ˿ϤΣζ
õһȻ˱˵СܣǿЦȺ֮УǸ˿ˣȴĴ˸е˫֮У
ձҪǿõһȻΪһūԵʱ𣿡Ȼ󣬵ȴᣬʹϹԵıڣȫסˣ
Σ㿴ڼʹʵǰˣǸұȴǸϣͶɣϣҷһǸЦţ˵ĻĿ
زʹµһΣվǸ˶䣬˫֮кκθɫʵĿǰҪɫûǸӰ
ҿǣĳȫţԭЩڰҹɫյһЩ
䣬ʲôϽǸȻѶѵҪԶ𣿡ʱڶ˱ĳһӵӰ΢ĵƹ¿ò봩ţֻǿԷϱһڲڵţ
֪ˣлӦһ󣬾Ÿг˹ٶ֮죬Ϲıȫˣܳ˻ôģҲ̫һɣ
ʵϹ粻˽ˣΪϹѩĳЩʱҲǿԺܿٶȵģֻǺȣҪôһ㣬ΪӵٶѾԺˣ


748 
мǰİ侹ȻôٶȣҲԵĳԾһ£ҲֻԳԾѣʮһôãţ˶ȥˣô˲Ƶأ
ֻǲȴҲ˿Ĵ⣬ֱӾǳ̣һߵıڱϹ磬ӭųȥ
ֻǸһ֣оͳһиоԷҪԼǿȴôҲû뵽ոս֣ԼͺԵĸоģٶȻԼȫռϷ磡
ӣɱ㣬ߣһ߹ŸУһ˵
㲻ҵ֣㻹һ֪Ļ͹ɱ㣡ȴǸӲΪлһʮһķϴķһӮǰͽ
ֻڻãΪյ꣬Ϊ֪ԷȺлһΣյﻹûг֣ϹѩȴѾ˸סˣȻȥȫѹŶԷ򣬵ȴҪʤҲǶʱ֮ڿõģ
ʮһ֪ǱߵûнأʮһһǱߵ飬ͻᾡĸϹģһʱҲǺõģ
е뷨ϹѩҲͬĺܣֻҪϵʮһͻ´󼪣һжûˣ
ֻǵ뷨ȴǱǸӳӿˣֻһʱ䣬Ǹʮһ𣿲ǻİɣ·ѾڵˣһǾѻŶ
¶㣬֮ڽս
ȻǱȷʵѾ˾ѻʮһΪ˱䣬ӻǷԸ˿һ㣬ͬʱԼҲӰһȥΪѾˣ֮УӦþ޵Ůˣ
Ҳע⵽ˣûһ˿ŵ飬˫֮зһ˿˷ܣʱ̿ս˵ͲẦΣգ֪Σʲô
֮˫ذ촽΢˫ŵذף˲Ϣ֮䷺һĺ⣬еذˢһһʧˣٴγʱѾǵ֮ǰս˵Ĳ
ǣֻȴûܹ˵ˣΪźڲļһһקסԼͬ飬Ȼһ£Ķ˹ȥ
ֱӹȥץǸүѶӶԼͬͺһλãһ
Ϳӿ첽Ϲֻգ۵Ĺ˾ѾǰڼڻûӦʱ򣬾Ѿִˣ
ЩȻǺ֣ҲֻͨȣҪ˵ʵҲ͸ʶʮһ֮ǰ࣬ҪԵĲôһ㣡
ˣô뿪俴Ҫ뿪ӿϵĹƣٴ˸У
ڲÿĲˣд˵󿴼ԷǲĵӣҲ˲ˣֱӾóʮһ֮ǰŷпٵһ䣬Ű˦ȥжҽ
㲻ᰢǻתϹǱܹȥ
ͬʱͬʱϹѩǱҲһŷһǰ˳ȥȻ˾תϹǱܹȥ


ͬʹϹѩսֱӾǱƷ˳ȥݺݵ˵ϣжսİ䣬ȴֻ첲ϵˣӸҵһ㣬˵˿ڣȥѪģģ
Ǹո׼Ϲӣ͸о߸Ǵһɱľ֮£æ͵һȻĶ˶˵Ĺص˺˵Ⱥ֮УʱϹҵЩѾȫ˵ϣ˹룬ս֮ˣ
ߣҵģĺӿһĻҲǴ󾪣Ϳ֪ͳһѵһϣ
һû뵽ԷȻôһ֣ǿԳŲ£ȥϴʹֻһ˵ʵ̫ˣ̲סȻڵϣ
һȻѾ˹ͷ΢ĵƹ⣬Ѿõ˿ںĹͷˣ
㣡ϹѩһæܹȥȻСĶŶǸŵӣ
ǺǣʶĻͽҺɣǲзˣȻҲ뵽ʱô޴ˣЦţż˱ƽԵЩҲǽ󣬿ȥһźҹƶһ㣡
ӵĻȷʵ˵˼˵УͲ˵ˣƽʱûкʮһֿҲҪЩһʮһҲֻʣôһŻõķˣ


749 ʮһ
ϹѩȴΪĴүүγʱûиǰͨүүϹ޳תģһϹѩҲҪģȴ˵ҪɳͱԼȥŽһҲɣ
ˣҪҺԼðϹѩȴһʮ㣬ֻ˵⻰ͬʱȴеûģϾˣԼ͸˿϶Ƕֵģɵ뵽Ҳеϻзأ
ֻȴǿһƲ죬һ˲ϹѩĶȵˣѾҪʵڲУͰʲôҺ彻ȥˣΪô֪ʲôҺ壬ʵֵ̫ˣ
ǺðɣǣԸԶһᣡǶϹѩֻشһ㣬µͬʱӰһȻԭʧˣٴγֵʱѾǵϹǰ˻δüӦʱѾϹĻУȻһСƿ뿪ˣ
ݣϹһҪȥȴǱϹѩסˣٴλص˵ȻΪβ¶Ŀ
û취ϹҰЩε˵
ΪλűϹңʲôôܹģϹһԣϹѩǰ˵
ǺǣǵúϹС㣡㿴ôϹܸ𣿡Цһص
С㲻Ҫ̫ſˣҪĶҲõˣԲѷ浱ϹҺǵòɣϹܵ˱˵Ϸ㰡ŭˣ
ôгԲѷأԷȷʵôӦҵİƺίӡ
ҪеѣиëԺϹһҪ˧ζЦѵ֣ϹѩϹͷҪܶˣֻ˵Ļȴеֱ׵޷ܣ
ʮһģпʲôãںпѾɸأҪͿһңֻҪӦĻͿ԰Һ廹ǣԺ󻹰Ϲɱ˶ᱦΡӺǲмһʮһȻ
ҵǸҲνа취ȡµģӼ˵
ʮһ˵ģֻǻδϹѩоһ̤ǰ˵еҲֱָŶԷϵɱѾˣ
ҪҪСܵôģ˵ˣǸϴںпѾ֪𣿡ȻվȴͬĲҲ֪ͬʲôƺҲѾתˣ
֮ĸ鲻ͽģֵܣ빲ֵܣ¶ļһ֮Ĺ빷Ĺϵȴһм˵
СӣΪɱ壬ҾɱҪɱȻһֻô򵥣ʮһȻ˵ԼǹµʱѾ˸еǰȻзִ֮ӳ̣Ǳи˿˿Ѫ
ȻûһǷܻƺɱģӲһƶûɵЩٴ׷Ÿжȥ
ħָȻӿҪ򵽸еʱ򣬶ȴǴһǵž͸оһΣϮҲ˲ȥˣʶľҪܣȴǷпԶܵĿռ侹ȻˣɵкȻ
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һ촫˾Ϳ֮ǰŵĲһˤ˳ȥȺ˵ǰ棬ǴŵѪ˿
һǸˣϹѩһºתͷϲĿǸһֱڵŵˣľ˵ʮһĻ˳
ô˿أʵ̫ˣ⳵˾˺þòҵ·ϻ·ģ˾ˣʮһϹѩĺЦ˵⻹ǴǼ·֮һ·أˣ
Ȼʮһ˵ֻǼ·ģ־ʹˣȴǶ֪϶ɳǼѻ֣
û˰ɣϹѩĵʵ˵仹̧ͷʮһϼ
Ҳ°ˣҵǿ𣿡ʮһοһɵѾͷͳˮˣͳŵݸڵϵ
̫СˣʮһŸϵƣֵ˵
ٺ٣ɶûУ˯һͺˣкһЦƺֻҪʮһһԴֵĹıʲôˣ


750 Ϲ
ʮһⲻòֵģʱͬĲǿվֻɫȴȻҰֽ⻹һӻͳСƿڵҺ֮أȻĻ»ң
˵ˣֵܵģҲܣֵܺѣ˵ô죿ʮһԼߵļƶȶתͷźڲӣ
ʮһĻӲ֨ˣʵˣҶԷ˵Ҳʵֻˣԥһº˵Ȼˣô
˵أʮһûлشӵ⣬Ƿһ䣡
ǣԥһº뻳һװŰɫҺСƿ˹
ǿ˰ɣӿѾʮһס֮ٴʵ
˺ţȥ˺ڴڣһֶУȻĻҾȥȥһӴүүԣʮһóһſƬ৵һ˦˶Էװʵ˵
֪˭ӽסƬ֮󣬿һп֮⣬ֻһ֣ʮһôĻǵһμֱӡпźҪǮģ
ΪǵһῴΪе±ɵ浢ˣ綼ʰˣɣҶ֣첻ɱˣʮһмĿ˶Էһۣ˵
ĻһģڣߣʮһĻûٶ룬ʮһ˵һ֮󣬱кˣ
ôһȺѹѹˣҹɫнʧûںڰ֮УϹ糤ĳһʮһʵôɱǣǵĺ̨׷ĻһϹأ
ϻϽ绰мӣȻЩֵܶ͵ҽԺϹѩʮһһۣϹԸ
ŶѾˣмӾӦõˣϹ类ԼϽָˣĵͷӦвԼ˵ˣֻǴСϹѩƣҲȥѯʣ
ʱԶһʮգۼͣ˵ǰʮӣÿһ߻жǹڶĺ֮лһԼʮŮӣ
էһŮӰԿ˵һʮֵĻ𱬣ֻǵʱȴһ˲ִõĸо
˵Ů˵жôĳֻǸǻ𱬵ȣôе㲻Э˵ĴʮֵĻֻܴ֣ⶼѾǸߵˣ
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ϹСãʮһ״Ҳһ£漴ͷֿˣ
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ϹСˣֻǲ֪ǷʲôطСʹĴСŵһңôĵ⣡ʮһ΢΢һЦ벻׾ʣַһѧĲܣ
ʮһ˵ʲôأҽôеأϹѩæʮһһ䣬ֻȴòֳе쳣ɵתͷԼĽ㣬ȴǷϹûпһգգĶʮһȻЦ⣬ȴǸожôĿģ
ȻȻˣϹ겢ûзϣֱӴ󷽵ĳˣ
ǲ֪Ӻζأʮһʵ
ΪΨһñˣ洫ı͸㣡Ϲ국˵
ϹĻʮһһʱ䲻֪ôӻˣ˵ûаɣϹѩȷʵϲԼһѺ͸ԼԼҲˣ
㣬˵ʲôأҸһûκιϵģϹѩæԽͣϸһĨߵɫ
Ϲȴ˿ϹѩĻǿʮһʵ
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751 
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Ұ㣬л鱦ľ֮ʮһЦ˵֮󣬽ǷŵԷ֮תϹ˵ϹСɸҺлȥɣϾô˵ϹҺһǺ飡
ȻϹҺԶǺ飬͸ȥϹЦŵ˵ͷԸ˺һ䣬һ׳˹ʮһ͸һƣ
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ѩϹ꿴ʮһ֮󣬼ϹѩǷɵһҲΣĿԼԽԽ
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СǮΪСռһԣʮһ˵Լ
СԼ𣿡Ǯһ£ʵ
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߰ɣȥȥţռ֮ˣǮ̾˿վʮһ¥ȥʱĸֱӸ˺棡
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ͽǰɣǻȥģϴʮһǩ֤飡
ϴҾǻȥɣҾǻǿȥúһЩÿ;һһߴȴʱ˵
̫˰ֻἸճӢʮһеε˵˭ѧʱÿ첻Ϸ̸أֻȴڣʲôᣬڲôţȣЩЩģĸܱԼ׬Ǯࣿ


753 Ҫ˿ࣿ
һᰡϴֵǰǸʲôˣôãԶǶٻһЩģк԰Ŀʮһ¶һ˿ɫ
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ΣӶʰһֲɣӿʦĺѣǮϺǲ˵
ιүʲôңո߳䲻Զʮһͽӵĵ绰绰֮Щɻʵ
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ֻʮһתϱ˵˵ǴϷĻˣʦʲô֣
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ڳӿʮһûʱȥע⣬ӦûǽƫƧĵطȴţԼΧ
ҲְҵˣΪһˮʦֻҪӦĵصʲô쳣ģ߲ԵĵطͻʶҪȥ̽
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һУһָһ㣬Ǿ⽨ⶰ֮ˣĿľΪ˹ú
ˣλǽĵڵصˣ³ɣ϶˵
ʮһ³ֱ֮ӾסˣôôôϤأʮһˣⲻԼĵط
ȣûκεĲͬ˻ôĶ࣡
λлɻ󣬲ﲻ˵ĵطȸ¥˵ɣȻ˫֮еɻ֮ɫֻȴûȥ𣬶ȴžȥ
ʮһǰͬǣ˸ϲŸߵ棬мΧ˹Ȼһ·ϵ˶ʮ㣬ڲԱרõݣͨǸûȨ޳ģ
ʮһͼλ֮󣬵ŲŸոմ򿪣Ͳɵһüͷûϵôߵ¥㣬оôǿңǴʱ˿ȴǸоԣ
߳ŵһɲǣͷһЩʮһԸоõԼͷƺо
ôôĻңʮһķˮʦУзˮʦһɻʵ


756 ̨
ȵ˶֮תͷ˵ŴҲоˣǺȶʵߴң滹߲㣬ֻǵȴǲȥˣ·Ҳֻǿߵʮ㣬ϲȥ
һȴλȥһ°ɣȻģ˵Ҳ̾һȴǺܼ֣
˸ϵĲʮ㣬ѾԸоǿѹ϶ѹ·ҪѹƵģ
λشҲµˣֱˣһضλҵָվڵʮ¥ж˵
̨ϵȥ𣿡֮ûһ˵Ϊÿ˶ܵǹǿѹԼΧǻ쳣˭Ҳ֪ʲô취⣡ֻʱȴһ˵ˣ
ȥǷ𣿡
԰ϱߵ㶼ϲȥȻ̨
Ҿǰֳķͷ̫ˣѾеƮˣ
ôʵأϾǰֵʵѾˣ
û˵Ҫ̨ʮһ˿˵˭ʱ򣬶ʱһ֮в˵ʮһԴ˵ģҲʮһʵģ
̨Ѿرհ֮ˣ״򿪵ģֻǻδϻشʮһ⣬֮ǰӭϵǸӣȴѾ˵ˣӦⶰõĸ˻ʲô
Ŵ򿪰ɣҪȥϿʮһһۣתͷǸ˵˵
ϣĺΣգϵ㣬ҲǺΣյģϵ̨пܻΪļѹʹܲסģλͼȰ⣬Ϊ̨ڷ֮ǰѾкܶȥ˭ÿһʱֱͽҽԺ
İɣһҸȥŰɣϰ˰֣ʾȥţ
ǺðɣҽϵĻ̾˿Խ˸
ʱһλͿȥеӣӵҲȷʵ͸һɾ֮е
ϺЩʦȥɣӶǸ˵ϱǸ˵ϣ½⣬ʵ߲ϱȥ
֪ϵ˵ͷڶˮʦ˵УԼԵľ͸һȥеĲҪܣʱزȥԼĵط
ԥһ֮ˮʦ˱㣬һλӣһһʮһȥ
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ֻǲŸոߵʮһ㣬ûʮأоѾԸоһ˿˿ĵˣΪһ㿪ʼĻҳ̶Ѿһ̶ˣ֮жѾ˾ˣ
ͬʱ˵½ǣȻʼͺԱŷȴƵģôзأȥǣܶӰӾУڴ֮ǰ·ΪĹĵ޷Զһ㣡
ĸϵʮʱ򣬷ˮʦĶˣɺϵǣиһˮʦˣ
ʮֻ̨֮һ¥ݣҲʮ̨ңֻǴʱ˿ȴ˶վ¥ǰ
¸ǰȴţ˻ǿԸоõǿ񱩵·һֻͻһ㣬ЩȴűСֻҪһ򿪣ͻͻȫҧ
Ǿ仰бǿҲ뿴κһͬΪˣٴλͷһЩˮʦǣʾԴˣ
ڿϵָʾ֮һৼ֮ǰ֮󣬱ٴοٵ˻ǰԲʮ룬ȴǿѾǺˮܲˣ
û˻ΪǱģΪóһͨ˱ʮҲǿԵģοʣһͲһͨˣοڳĳ֮ⶼǷˮʦ־֮ǿԸоõģ
һȥôȻҲǿ״̬ѯϼ˵Ͼϵĵ̣
ҿǷֿȥɣһһӵȥǷͷڰɣ١˵ȭϵȼλߡ
ҲãСģҵǲ١㣬ֻЩһһԳǿס˰ԥһҲǵͷ˵
İɣҲɵܣҲҪܻܲ١ϹһЦתļˮʦ˵߰ɣһȥŲסľԼϷûʱȥǣ


757 
˵עУ١ϴŰ˸ӵͬһ̤˽ݣÿһ١ϵ˵ϵ½ǾѾȫͷϵͷҲѾȫӾѿݻƣּӲޱȵĲľһ㣡
١ϸոߵԣ׼ȥʱŵЩѾǴˣ
ʮһ״ǰԽ١ϵԣɻ١˵١ϣɣ
ллСˣ١ϸмĿһʮһС˵
ʮһֻЦһ£ûж˵ʲôһĵĽųԼ١ϰУ
䣡ʮһʹƿһ˲䣬һ촫ͺֺװˮˮ⣬ԭһֱǽŴţͻȻˣĺˮբƵģ
ʮһ١վھſģҲǸǿģŴ򿪵һ˲䣬Ƹܵݺݵؿһ㣡ǵصĿբĺˮ͵Ĵ
ʹ١ȴҲǲһ¶Ȼɫ뵽ܻңȴû뵽ôĿ񱩣񱩵õƷʦȻȵһ
λи飬һһ£Լϵȥģϲȥľһ£ϾҪ˺Ͳˣʮһת˵
ʱ١ЩˮʦɫҰףλҲǱ֮ǰվλú֮࣬Ϊһģ˵ϣ
ʮһ˵仰һ̨ףʹԼ١վһ̨ϣʮһʶһˣڳĺܶˣ١ϺԼǮϵȼһǵһǿʲôǺǳԾƵģ
ʮһżλ⸱飬һ£ʲôһ㣬ɵ¶һ˿ЦЩ⸱Ϊ١϶ǹɿ񱩵ģһԼȴǿԵ˿
ֻֻʮһԼ֪Ⲣ˵Լʵϳ١ϣȻսĻԼȷʵʤǵģǸΪԼĲͬĲͬҲǲͬ
ֻЩǲ֪ڴʱУȫʮһǵģͥŲԼ˻һţ
˻һЩȻʮһȻ١ϻҪǿͨǰֵıƴкܶѾôΪˣֻûȥ˵ˣ
ǼλͬˣҪ֪λߣ˴֮ʵǲģҲ˵վ١ϵλϣ١ȣеڶҲ١һ㣬һң
ʱǮڵļߣже㲻ԸţԼıʮһ
ȻĻ͸ӵӣҺСѣһΣͬоſŰɣղǹɿйȥܶˣվſһֵֿĻӦûǿԵģȿ˵ˣϾô˵İҪٲվ˵֪Ҫһֱվã
ϵĺʮһǴʱ˿̣˵жӦˣûһ㲻ĸо
ƾŴŴ򿪵һɲǣ˶١ҲһʮһûκζѾ˵һˣ
ȻûзԵǼȥɣţҪκ˽ˣ϶˷Ըһкλһߵʮһ١ϵԱߣҲҿ̨׿㹻ȻĻһվ߸ˣеѣ
ʮһԼλԵԼүүߣҲһԺģȥ
ʮһһȥģڵһ̤ڵʱ͸оˣȻֻǸһţҲˣȴ磬˵ղûͨϵ̨ʱ򣬸ܵĿӿȵĻ
ôʱվ̨ϣȴǺһӱ뵽ٲ֮һ㣬嶼ǸоһֿҵĴһֿʮһоԼΧžžĵ
̧ͷλߣλߴʱҲڿȥʮһԾǣȻõһ㣬һתͷȥǰһ
ȻԾʮһǽżλߵĲżλ߸ɢƣȻԲýԼڵţѾ˵̨ߣڴ£ʹʮһһɻ˷ܵģ
Щλŵ֮Щ񱩵ڸոսӴԼʱ򣬾ͱԼڵˣǵģȷʵǱˣͺ浯ʱȥֱƵģ


758 ɱ
ʮһһĸżλǰߣһ߸һ˵ķ֣ʱյӣԽľԼĹǲ򵥣ֻǳ⹦ʲôԼѧϰھһֱһ֪
ϴʦʱҲˣʮһȴָоԼĹԲֻΪھô򵥣һλʱǿԼڻиͼģԼĵ͸Ժ
ϣֻǸûʮһ͸оԴײʲôˣɵýһ̧ͷȥȴǷײǰǮϣ
Сӣû۾ǮǮϻعͷһʮһֻȴɫе԰ףĻҲЩ㣡ڵһЩ
ôˣǮϣʮһæַסǮϣĵʵǻǮϻشʮһͷֻ֣ǮˣļҲǮϲ״̬϶һ
СѣǼϼһڵѾķѵĿˣʵ̫ˣǵͲ֧ߵ֮ǰŷ֮ǰʱûôأ˵˼һٵ⣡
ʮһ̧ͷԽλ߿ǰԼʮ׵ĵطĽȻԿòΪˮʦһҪĸһ£ſԸõ˽⣬ﵽʲô̶ȣ֮£⸽Ľ˻ܳܶ೤ʱ䣡
ҪСһǰȥһ°ɣλǰȥСӣʮһԥ˺þãž˵仰ǮϵΪ´ߣ
Сʲô˼ѵģ˲Ҫ̫ĺãηֱӾͱˣͺʮһȵβƵģ
ǺǣõأʮһЦһλҲʮһе̫˵ʱȴͻȻоϳǹɿһӱʲô͸ĤƤһ㣡
ۣͬʱηȴǸоһɱ֮ǰҪ񱩵һԵȫϣֻоһ̣һûסһѪ˳ֻѪȴûеڵϣƯڿУžһηϣԵôĹ죡
㣡ηǿʣסʮһŵʵ
ϲˣûнʮһǳĿη˫֮¶ɱ
˿ɱȻܵΪ˵ηΪԹߵǮϺϵȫǸоˣֻ˭ҲûףΪʮһηɱѵֻΪڶֱηĵѣϸղηļ
ʲôѵ㻹ɱҲɣΪǸʵ𣿡ηֵʵȻһ仰ʵĺƯǴӴʱ˿̵η˵ȴôôЩ㣡
ܸʲôô˵أңСҸ̰ʮһװǳԾӣ˵ȴļ˲ʮһһ٣ҿסˣΪʮһ˵һ䣬ŭĿֱηĻ
ſǸСȥܵͽܣǰɣʮһ˵ĻȻʵֻȴҪηش𣬶Ǽ˵˵ͽڵŮһһҪǸŮðʲôаĹȴ֪ͽѾ˰ɣ
ңηʮһ˵һϵеĻ֮˻Ǵڴ֮Уʶľǻһ䣬ֻһȴǳ׵Ľ¶ˣֻ뼸λ߿񣬾ҪƵģҪ֪ڷˮɻ䣬ΪΪȥΪģ
һ֣һᱻˮģοη֣Ѿ֪˼Ůļһˣ
ߣΣõõװʥˣηԼ˵©ˣҲͲװȥˣݺݵĿʮһ֮ȴǲ֪ʱһʹԼʮֵɫСߣʱСֻСۣʮһӣ
Ǻǣԭ涾ģȻĵˣǿɰͽܽѵϣСүôæʱ㣡ʮһƳһηֱſŵСߺ󣬼߰˵
ʦﻹûأӦûûɣηʮһĻһתС˵ţһ˵һ߹۲ʮһ̬ʮһû̫ķӦ󣬲²ԼӦ˵ˣϾ⼸֮ڻûأ
ȻʦѲûܵʲô˺ҿô˰ɣҸʦһʲȻٵǸΣη⣬ԼѾ˷ӵǵǸǲˣ¾ӦõΪֹˣϾʮһҲûܵʲôʵԵ˺


759 
Ŷ𣿰ô˵¾ôˣʮһЦЦĿη
ʱվſڣûϵ̨ЩˮʦǴģȻ벢ǺԶ̨Ŀ񱩣ʹ˵ĶУԵʮһͻȻͣﲻʱ򣬷׷׶ڲ²ⷢʲôˣ
ȻͿʮһںηʲôһηֱͻȻһɫСߣֻǱ˲ֵ֪ڶˮʦУȴһ֪ģǾηͽܣҲǸϱŮ
ηֱſŵСߣҼһΣֻһΣļסȥҲʮ֣һűԲСߣǵǴʦɽУһֻϻ
ǾŵĿҪſڵϵʱȴǿʦŲæ֣ɻʦʲô˼ѵҪȥϻƴʱ򣬾ͿʦֱһСߣ
Ҫ֪ʱηֻƷʦҶηʵҲһЩ˽ģΪηǰ˵ˮֻһȻĻҲܵԶһֻ͵ϻȫûһķϻͼҹˣ
ʦʲôϲҪֻϻɣļǵãԼʱôʦģ
ܣȻˣʱʦȴǹЦһҲʱǰֻϻȴ˹
оֻϻ˹˵˵ϵʱ򣬾ͿֻϻͻȻˤȥͨһˤ˵ϣȵη˵ϻѾ˵ʱŸ۾Ȼţȷȷʵʵϻˤ˵ϣԭ˶壬գ֮䣬ȻֻʣƤͷˣ
ǰǰ֮ϻҪʦѯʵʱȴǿϻ۾֮һֻɫСߣ֮ǰſʦֱϵֻСߣ
ԣʱٴοֻɫСֵ߳ʱûɵе˷ܣǵģ˷ܣΪٴοԿһֻƤͷĸʬˣԼû֣ӵһοɫСɱ龰֮Ѿʼˣ
ʱ̨ϣ񱩵֮ڣֻη˵ʦͬˣϷ򲻵ǸһһΪȻˣǸһҲԽ佻ʦã
ȻԼͽܶҪ㻹һʦ𣿸ոջΪֻΪֶΣڿĵ¶ûˣλ֮УƢ𱬵ĪǮˣηĻ󣬾һƿڴ
ʦҪƥ˵ôηתͷǮһۣʮһȻţԼһ򲻹ʮһʮһֱ֣Ǹոʮһ༸λȫ˵Уλߵӣںɵӣ𺳵ĵط
ǺǣΪǸ𣿾ǲͽܣСүɱס𣿡ʮһЦһۿη
Сӣ㲻Ҫ̫ţѾˣΪҾ㲻ɣηʮһĻҲѹƲסеŭˣ˵ͬʱֻſɫСߵ֣
ƣʱſֻСߵļλߣ̼ɫһ䣬ϸ֮дһ˿𾪵˵
ߺߣû뵽ͦʶϷıƣصĹܣηǵƳһϣΪŵ˵
ΪСүŹʲôãһ㲻ãǼرĺãҺǷգʵԺҲʲôȱ㣬ȴʲôǲסֻܼס˶ҵĲãʮһ˵ʱһӾ
ǸõĻҪʲôϣȶ֣ʮһηǰͣûгһӣ˵Ȼ㲻֣Ǿȳְɣ
ֻʮһҽ෽һ磬ԵסЩˮʦߣȴĵžһץηſߵֱϣһǾ
Ȼηһʱ䣬͸оЩԼŵֿſһӾʧһ㣬⻹ֲģΪ͸оԼʣйբĺˮƵģƴʮһץڸ첲ϵӿȥ
ʲôҵη˵ֻȴûеõʮһĻش𣬵зһĹֺͿֻһֻſηֱϵСߣһʮһ˳ȥٶ֮죬Աߵļλ߶˫һ


760 ֮
Сģ֪ƵģڿС߷ɳȥһ˲䣬һͬʱǿѵֻȴѾˣΪСߵٶʵ̫ˣʮһη֮ľ̫ˣϺʱСѾſ죬һҧʮһץηֱ۵ĸ첲ϣ
ηңǮٿһĻ֮󣬴һ׼ηֻһͣסˣģȥηηѾȥˣ
ֻηͻȻ˵ϣϵ·ͻȻ䱬˿ôһ˿ҵĹ̨ϣʱȴûȥעһ㣡
ΪηڲϵѪ֮ҲǲͣķԸԵͺڵĹͷŴһһƵģ
ֻǴʱη״ĺǱȫĹͷƵģΪηӣѾûһ֧ˣͺһ̲һ㣡
ʱȥֻʮһֱϵСߣȴǷ֣С߾ȻѾʧˣһ
ηȴǸͲԼϵˣ˫֮Ҳûһ˿ĺ⣬еľȻֻǾȺͳԾ
ûע⵽ȴע⵽ˣԼҧʮһһ˲䣬Ѿˣǵģûпˣ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôǿǱһϵı飬ȺƵʧηֱ϶ʮһйأҶǸʮһĹйأ
ǵõùǱ鼮ʱţ֮Ǳа֮һˣèһ㣬Уʳ˵ѪҺ̼仯ΪУɢؼ䣡
ڿʧһɲǣŻôľ֣Ҳ˵ǿıεǿʮһʱ򣬶ǲһģ
ҲҲһܸ㣬Ҳˣû뵽һ֮ˣҪɱҪУϤ㣡η˵ʱ򣬷̹ȻˣһЦŲֱʮһһӣ
ǺǣҲôɱˣʶĻôͽ뿪Ժڴ֮˵⣬Ȼһһܣãʮһһţһηס
㲻ɱңηҪվȴûվΪ֫ĹͷѾ񱩵ѹһһ飬Ĳˣ
Сӣնݲ紵Ը˾ԲǮʮһĻ֮ҲǼæĺ
ʱڿֵȺˮʦǳ׵ɱˣôˣôſڵأϷǴӵķˮʦһͷˮɵ÷׷׽ͷת֪Ƕʦͽϵģ
ʱ˿̵ҲɻģҲǲ뵽ηʮһǰܵôҵģ
֪УСߣû統ɱֻϻǰҲӦߵİôʮһվأʦ˾ȻſأѵʮһʦС߻Ҫɣ
ôѵϣɱ㲻ɣϽȥɣ壬ͷӦҲܹӵϣʮһ˵ӣֻץסηĸ첲
лɱ֮ģԺҲ̤ڵˣҲҵͽܻˣηε̾һ˵
㻹Ҫõһ죬ϣԻʱڵһһ֮أʮһ΢΢һЦߵη˵
ʮһĻ֮ηԵһ£Ȼʮһһ֮󣬵˵ͷ˵һ仰Ϸض
ʮһη仰ֻǶ˲֪ģǮϼ˻࿴һۺҲǾڶ˵ſȥϾλҲȫݵˣһֱʮһŵ֮£ڼ˵Ǻӵģ
ȵ̨ſڵʱʮһͼλ߽ڵʱ˵лλǰˣллλǰСϵһṼλĺģ
ϻˣһȥôʦ˵ǮϺݺݵĵһʮһǲ˵
Ǯϵ仰ķˮʦȴǲ֪ʲô˼ΪǮֻʮһ̫أȴ֪ǮΪʮһʵǿᣬȴһֱڼλǰˣ
ֻǮϲ֪ǣλڳЦ󱲵ʱǶôϣԼҲôһ󱲣һԼǿĺ󱲣һˣҲǴЦݵģ
ʮһĿһǮϣڼλߵעУԼˮʦУԼϷǴӷˮʦĻ֮Уʮһת̨˹ȥ


761 
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ʵ㲻߽Щų̂ˣҲǿԿüһʲôģ˵һʲôӵĵ
һѵԼʮҵĳȣȫһĻƽ£һһ귺ŽƬı̲ԣͺһ˵ǰƵģ
ʮһνȥʱηѾǱҽԺˣϷǴӵķˮʦȫ˹ȥ
ڵ˶һգգעʮһľٶǼλߣ˻֪浽жΣգȻηǳܲס̨Ͽ񱩵Ǻܶ˶Ϊֻһʱ˶ѣ
ֻǮϺϼȴĺݣڵ̨ÿһʮΣյģʱţԼʮһνԽԽҪܵΣҲͻԽӵأ
ģʮһѾ֮ǰͣµλˣûκεͣʮһǰţ뽨ֻʣʮˣʮˣʮˣǾ˶Ϊʮһǰеʱȴǿʮһͣ
ǲ𣿡Сʵ
Ͼ̨ϵ̫ڿˣ١Ҳ̾˿
ҲѾˣҪ˶ãˮѧ綼Ҳип˵
ôȴǷǮʼնû˵ôһֱڶ̨ϵʮһţɵúʵϾˣҪ˵зȨģǿ϶Ǯˣ
ûʲô˵ģһߵߣС̫ˣǻǵöǰ䶯Ǹһ𣿡Ǯϵ˵һ䣬ȻǷһ䣡
˲ǮΪλͻȻôһ仰ʱΪڵصķˮʦȴһӻȻ
쿴ʦֶˣʱλȴǲ֪λˮʦͻȻһ䣬תͷȥȴǷʮһĶˣҲܿ죬ȸոջҪһ㣬ʮ׵ľ룬ȻҲҪֳϵģ
ͱ˵ϰʱ򣬴λȥҪʮףһ˵ǹֵ긲µĶľţͬҲʮףȫֵĸģ
ԣʱʮһߵʮףڼλ̨֪жôΣյ˵ھѾ൱ǹֵĶľˣ
ʮ׵ľ룬ֻգ۵ʱ䣬ʮһѾ˹ȥ˵ľУǰ
ʱʮһȻ֪Ҳȥ˾ȵı飬Ϊʱ˿̵Ѿ֮У
֮ǰһֱ֣õ˲ӦôҵİʹһôһţĽ
ǵߵǰ˫ִ˽ʱв֪ΪλôĲһˣֻΪԷö֢ҩҵ˾÷ˮϵ㣡
ԽΪۣľΪһǧأʮһǰĽԼڽܵĸװľ̳ӣС˵֮ȴЩ
Ե˵ͷ֮ʮһԽ̨ıԵȥǱŵĴþˣ಻ףվ߿ԺĿϵһУֻƺʲꪣ
һֻͨɫꪣꪵһָʮһҲɫһȴָһͣ
ȣ͵͸ɾܶˣûʲǫֻ̂ȴһܴܴͭѣͭԼмʮƽô
վ̨ϣʮһ۾һ֮󣬱˫ۣ˵עУóѰ̣üͷСĵıȶѰϱȻһЩʲô
ʲôأϿ֮󲻽ʵ
̫Ӧоʲôɣ١ҡҡͷ˵˫֮Ҳ¶ɻɫ
ֻǶûзֵǣ֪У˶ʮһĳƺѾˣжʮһѾǺϿˣҽԷԼ֮зԼ˵棡
ѵ˵
ţҲֻˣ
Ǿ㷢ˣôأ
ʮһ˵ʱ򣬻վ˫üһ̧ͷٴδȥ
תһȦ֮ʮһ˫֮ͻȻһ˿⣬첽ŵȺЩˮʦԼλǰȥ
ϣһ⣡ʮһ˵עУǵߵ̨ſڿϣ΢е˷ܵʵ
СʲôʵľʣֻҪ֪ģһȫ㣡Ȼ֪ʮһҪһЩʲôֱһ񱩵йϵ


762 о
ǱǲǾٽʮһָŸղķʵ
ʮһĻ˳ʮһָķȥһº󣬵˵ͷ˵ȷʵٽ
ȥɣʮһõϵĴ֮ǣһĨζЦݣڣ
ֱٴʮ㣬һ·Ϊ̨ǿ񱩵ѹĳѺ۵Ĳ˵𾪵ģΪǽܣѾǻˣ֮ǰͨĲڰ֮ǰѾȫˣҵǣļѹĲŷڵģ
Դ֮󣬶ʮϵ¥㶼Ѿ˷ˣ˿񱩵ȻѹѺۣ֩ƵģѾ𾪸ˣ
Сѿ˽İ취ʮĻ̲֮סʵ
ϵʳ֮༸λߺЩˮʦҲǲԼͬĿʮһڴĴ𰸣
Ǻǣʮһϵ⣬Լ˵֮󣬺ǺЦһ
СӣЦʲôЦûа취ʹ㣬Ųһȥʦ˵Ǯϴŭ˵ֻ۾ɴţ۾Ƶģ
ˣһֱӻʦȥɣʮһĵӣͬʱվкһ׼ȥ
СѣҪǮͷƥһʶʲôҪ˵ϼæסʮһȰ˵
ߣǮһȴһ
ʵϣڻشǵ֮ǰɲȻشСһ⣿ʮһûд뿪ϵĻתͷʵ
Сʣϴ
С֪˭ģ֪ǺΪʮһϵĴ֮ʵ
⻪ŸλͬȥͰɣһЩҪСѺͼλǰ̸ʮһʻ֮ϲûеһʱͻشʮһ⣬ȶԼǸǷˮʦԸһ
ֻʣʮһϵȼλߵʱʾȫ£ȻзԱζһС֮󣬵˱֮󣬶Ų豭˵ʵ˭ҲǺֻ֪ҵǷˮЭᣬȻǰһεǷˮЭ᳤ȴʦֵģʽĻһ죬δʦʹȥ˻᳤һְ˵׷ĵȥˣ
ʵʱҪȾϸӣֻȴһֱúѹŴװǲ֣ɼǲ룬⼸ʮԽԽ»ƣ
ԴӼǰǱ̨޽ǰ֮һжˣõҵһһ㱻ѹ
õϰҲٴҵǵķˮЭᣬϣԽ⣬ȴָ˵ʱ̾˿ҡͷ˵
ǵýǰꪵʱΪʲôֹأҲǻûз֣١۾ʵ
ôûأֻǵЭᣬҲڷʱڣʱΪȥøǢ̸ԷǣǲҲԣǾߵ̨ϵĻƽݻ٣
һȥ˵ʱ̼䣬γӪһͬģôݻپʹݻˣʱ˭Ҳ𽨷ˮ֣ƾץǮȥһǲͬģΪǰģôݻˣǶǰĲοûбҪ¶Էꪣ
ϵĻ֮󣬼λ߽ε̾ϢһͬݻֻƽĻܾ´󼪣ûôˣ
ûܵģʮһȴʱ˵뷨
ʲôûܣǮϸֱӵ˳
ǴݻƽֲǰꪣȻᱻóԵģʮһ˵Լ뷨ͷּλȫɻĿԼ
λǰӿңЩܳģʮһԾӡ
ϻǲǿʲôˣǮһ˵
ǺǣλǰԴ¿˵ȥ߱˵ʮһüλֱӴӴ¿ģǺһ룬ⲻΪһĶʮʮˣҲ϶ٻܵһЩӰģ
ʵҲȷʵˣһõſڵʱ򣬼˲ûѡȥǾվſڣ
λֻкβͬʮһɻָһֻʯ˵
ⲻͨĴ𣿡üͷһۺ˵
ǣǳëҲԵëҪһĴ󳤺֮ܶ⣬ֻˣݷǳĳĳ߶ҲҪܶ࣡١ҡҡͷϵĴ𰸣ָֻ͵


763 а
١˵úܶԣ֮ǰһżϿһĻɷʮһӹ١ϵĻ˵Ҳ˵󲻽լۼ߻ɷλǰԸվǰһ£
ɣǮϺԥվ˳ô˵ʮһģǡʱ򣬱վ֧֣
ǮϣϽۼΪҪʹطʹڵɷӿŵٶȣܳܶ࣡ʮһһǮϣ󿴼Է׼ˣ˫һӡĵĴʯ֮ڣͬʱҽŸ̧𣬽żⲻԽżΪģתԲ
䣡
ʮһһµʱһ޴ĺ¡˵ĶУվǰǮϣ͸оһɾǿĲֱԼŶľ֮£æԼ;ۼһеŴ
飡
Ѿ׼ǮϵƷʦ̲֮ס󲽣ȵǮͣ½Ųʱ˿ȥѾɫ죬ǰ·ǳһָϸĿϸ
˲ǣղļ嶼ǲŲľΧ֮˾ͺȫûƵģǸʲôʲôֻǮǼʱܲôƳһۣ˾һ˵ˣ
ǿɷҸոС˵ӿٶȣѵɷһֱţϾ̾ĿǮѵ·ͻȻתһȵĿʮһʮһͷ֮˫ѱȻ
༸λڿʮһͷ֮Ȼǰ࣬ÿ˵ϣɫҲǷŭǵģһһֱڹ֪ķŭ
ΪǶõһֻֻöžõģһֻȴǶ͵ģɷţǴɻ䰡
⻹㣬λǰһǽϻŵʲôʮһλַŭɫЦһ£ָһǽϵĻ˵
ɳĮͼҿ⣬õķˮŮô£ʮһĻ󣬼λ߽˴ڣһ֮󣬶ϲʵ
ǲۣǮȴҡҡͷɫ֣ص˵Ǻͷӵĺͷ
˵һЩʲôأϱʾЩ⣬㲻ۣǺͷôأ
ң˭һ϶֪Ǯһ˵
Ҹط˵ɣʮһװĿһܣ
ã⻪˷꣬Ǽ߳Ա˵ʮһǵ˶ӵģԵһӦ˹㳯֮ǰõķȥ
ҲˣҲûбˣ˵ɣȵ˳֮Ǯٴδߴٵ༸λҲһڴɫҲѹˣһٷʮһ͸֮⣬˻Ͼûʲô԰
Уϣʮһ˲죬óһŷݸ˵һ䣡
бſڴŷϣٴʮһԣλһʮһȴʮһ˵ڣ
ʵ֮ѡ궫˵£˵˵ĻλǰûʳȻҶˣôұ˵⴩źͷŮ˵ʲôаŵĵطʮһǺһЦֺ˿ڲ֮˵
ôʲôûӰ쵽ʳĶǮһмӣɫ֮Ϊſ
ǺǣǮʮһЦһ˵ͷŮУŴſڵǸŮ˫۾
ʲô˼˼˵˵۾Ƕȥģɻһ䣬ͻȻ𾪵ʵ
ţûĻ˫۾һ˫ոŮ۾ùһЩҩҺݹаʮ֮ãʮһ˵ͷ֣غ˵
Ůֻô򵥣ҪҸȥ˫֮лҪҸɣʮһ˵ֻŮ۾ǺģҲֻһ˫۾ǷҪĲ֣
Ȼ֮ˣһ绨һСôˣЩ˻ֱˣϺǷŭ˵
ѵΪ𣬻ɵһֱô̵ģЩ˵
̣ȻˣǶ孹ӵİɣʮһ仰ţûһ˿һʵ
ȷʵǵʵʱģⶰõϰҲȷʵǶ˵ģǰꪽҲȷʵ˽ģֻκζԷΪеĽҲ˲ٵãҲûа취ǼˮЭ»л᳤Ҳģ


764 
˭˭Ӹ᳤λˣȻĻھ㲻ǻ᳤Ҳڻıɸ⽻ˣϵĻλߺǲ˵ӼǰʶģֻǺƱ˴֮ìҲС
ǼϲģʲôǣԭϷѾ˳˷ˮЭᣬҪȥ׷Ѱʦ˼ҵĽŲѰĵȴ˱ǸϼһҸ᳤ϷֻǲҪѣϺǲˬĸλ˵֮ΣзŭҲԶԵ˸У
Ȳ˵ЩˣСӣ˵˰컹û˵ʹʲôݹأʲôãǮҲ̾˿·ʲôƵģֽʮһϣ
Ů˵ѪžŰʮһŮ˵ѪϾžŰʮһ죡ʮһ˵ʮһŮǳŮһҪʮյ죬ϵѪҺȫŸɣȫѪҺ֮ǰ˫ÿһλѪÿһνݣʩ߶һξѪֱžŰʮһеŮѪȫݸɵʱʩط߻򣡡
ֻһ򣬲ʮһ˵ʱ˫֮ͻȻð⣬ɴɱ⣡ʹһԵļλ߾һǼƷʦʵȻʮһסˣ
ֻǮڿʮһʱȴһͬʱ˵زʮһɱɽʱ龰
ҪϷһȥֻأ˰֮١ϷӦݺݵһǸطˣ
һʲô󷨣ѵƵģȡ˵Ļǣȴץסʮһһ仰ǸİаҪôĶƵ󷨣
ȡ˻ǣȷʵԣΪ֮ˣܾһ֮֮ˣѧһƤëѣôģЧȻҲǲģʮһһͦñֱʮ˵֮и˵İ
Сǰץסصȴе㲻ͬĴʮһСʵ仰䣬༸λҲһ𣬷׷תͷʮһͺ֮ǰûʮһ˿̲żƵģ
ǺǣôأҲһżϼģʮһЦ˵Ļȴûţйżϼģôõأ
ʲôѵΪƭǲɣ̫ԩҸ˸ģʮһȻһĵӣȴǰЦһ£˵ıİ
Լھ⿴ģھô˵һżˣ˵Լ˵ЩǾûлѻģԣ˿̵ʮһŸ˵ϴǣνӰб
ˣϻƪǮϵһʮһ˵ţǴʱ˿̵ļλжǲŵģֻǿʮһ˵Ҳ˵ˣֻǳǮڵ༸λߣȴе㲻ţԼ֮ǰ鵽Ϣˣ
ϾʮһͻȻ֮ðôһˣȴǰֵķˮϣĴʣôܽǲȥעأ
ֻǣǵĵصģʮһǰֻһͨĲͨĴѧһγ˵Уǰ;Լ޵һսֻȴΪ˶ģ
ȴû뵽һʮһȴһγˣһٶзˮЭֻ̽Ȼ̽һεıʵھˣճ˵ǴαĹھӦܵĿģȴڸŰü֮̽ʧˣ
Ȼʮһһ·߸ͽǱзˮЭĻ᳤ŵһΪ˹ŵӣҪ֪һӣǺѾ뿪ȥķˮʦǹЩˮʦ˶֪ģ󲿷˸𾴵ģ
ֻһӽƾ֮ƾһл죬ʹĶֻһһˣʲôʵ˵жһ뷨ǾһûһӵĻ»ѧпܻһѣʲôϹֳȳ
ԴǴ֮һӵʵΪ»ƣǾƾһεƣʹĺܶźлС֮ȴ
˵֪Уʮһĺ̨һӣʮһɱԼţֵʱҲȷʵһӳֶס˾棬Ȼһӵĺ滹ŰüϹ


765 ƽ֮
ȻһΣǸıϣ֪һʮһĺ̨ǱϹң
ǣʱ˿̣ڳļλУǾãʮһһһļΪǿ̨˶ȷˣʮһϿ϶ĴеģȻôܻôֻôص
ԣһ̣λߵУȫ˽ύʮһ˼׿ʮһɲ˵ʮһķչǱѾֵȥύˣ
ϾڹһƬ֮أ˭ԸȥȥƯأزģмأ
ԣڴùϵԺʮһΪһʦˣҲͻлϾνǻкν뷢֮ʱ
ǻСѣڵҪôƽ⣿ֵʲôΣأջȷӦʳؼ⣡
Ҫƽ⵹ǲѣֻҪÿ³֮ʱʱȥãʱ׳ǰһҪǴ֮ȻϻϷڰ֮վãͿƽˣʮһ΢΢һЦǲмһˣλ˼ĵͷ֮󣬱˵
ĹЧʵΣҲǺܴ󣬵ȻֻǶʱ֮ڵģȥŮԻãÿҹجԾͻĳЩһϰʱһпܻĳЩ
̫ˣǺӰĺЩɱСӣΪˣˣʮһ˵Ļ󣬺ŭ
ꪣûа취˵߿ǿ񱩵Ƿʲô취ָǮϼԵƽϢһ֮󣬲żʮһѯʡ
ǰ֪СǷʲôҲǼæʵϾ֮񱩵вģҲü޵ģ
˵ʵˮ֣Сȷʵа취ƽ⣬ƽˮҪĶʵ̫ˣȷҪƽ𣿡ʮһ̾˿Ҳţʵʵ˵Ķ˵
СӣȻҪŲȥʦȥǮһɣ˵
һ͵ˣܲ΢һЩҪˣ˵ˣҪʦҲûãΪʦ϶ңվһߣʮһƳһǮϣȻᣬȴǮϲ㱩ߣ
ݣǾԼţˣʵǿǰɣǲΪɱ޵кɽǸثҲܰϷʰˣǮϵĻȻȥڲˬʮһ̬ȣʵȴָʮһһ棡
λȻѳΪͬһķˮʦɽҲ˵ģһʵƷʦȻҲʮһˣʮһǸɱ񰡣
ǮϣСӴˣôҪأС˵ҪĶܶ࣬ȫΪˮõģʮһҲǮϻе֮ˣ֪ǮڸԼԺҰأ
ߣСʶ࣡ǮȴԾһӣʮһ𺳰ǮݼӰˣ
Ϸȫݼ
ǲ֪ҪʲôʮһĻش֮󣬼æʵ
ȣҲҪģһһ۵ķҪһ͵ķΪҪԱƱԹӣǸƳˮֵӣʮһϵһһٵ˵
һҪǹ͵ķѶе̫˰ɣϾⷨǺٵģοǷΪϡٵĹͷҪĻҲҪǧɣһԵϣʮһĻҲǱһȻҪ˵ڳڶˮʦУпеģϾˮۻ൱ŵģ
۷ˮʦһÿ׬ǮǶȥˣֻǼʹˣǧһͷóȥԼûʲôôۣǻ᲻ã⹥͵ķҲǮõģҪԵģ
뵽веССĵ⣬ҿԼǰҵõһ͵ķֻ뵽͸оԱĿ⿴תͷȥȴǷڶ
ͷҿЩʵ
ʮһϵĻתͷȥȴǷһִǿСϿӣͺϵʲôѾˣʱ׼ԵƵģ
ϣǶôĹϵˣ㻹װʲôװҿ˵ǰżȻĵһ͵ķģ˵һƳʱڵķɽϺǺЦţ˫ȴĶϣ


766 
ƥ㻹õֺöأóһ£㶼ѾһͷˣٶһҲ˷ѲǣǮϵĻҲһȵĿϣ˵ĻǱˣеıˣ
Ҫʲôⱦӻǧģ룬˵ˣǵķˮƨ£ϴ󶼲ܣֻǼģʲôӢۣҾͲҪ봦ĻƲ¥û˳洦Ҷ֪ǿһרŴЩĲŵģˣÿһóҲҴΣһʼһº󣬱뵽ʲôƵģǷŭĴ
ôˣ㻹ǷŲ˵飬ҲȷʵǲܣҲΪ˷ˮˣҲѧеһԱҲ֪˶ԿģҾǿ˭ȥй¶ģϵĻ̾˿ҲЩп˵
ʮһǵĶԻֱ°ҿӻǺҪܴ飬ԵҲż˵Ǻ͸ж˽һԣĺ˲裡
԰飬˳λСѣ֪ģй¶ֲǲ֪οΪ˭вʵ𣿲ʵԲεƵģҪôҪĹҪôҪк˵Ϊ١ƺҲ֪굽׷һЩʲô飬ҲȰοϣ
ȷʵҪҪôСӵ湦ģҪôΪﵽһʦƷʦֲǲ˽⣬һֻôƷʦ˵ˣԾľֻôȴȫΪزţûлȥֳ١ϻ֮󣬶ҲǼȰοĶ֮У
ϵĻԼλַȰ⣬ʮһкǺ棬⵱굽ǷʲôˣΪλõһֱǺ޵ڣʮһɣϻȥۣ붼йϵ
Ǯͷô㲻뵽ǵУһȰ˵ϷֻҪҲô˵˵һж⣬˭Ҳûа취ҾͰ⹥͵ķĵǰѱ׳λߵȰ˵ȴֻǱ֮һЦǽĿ⿴Ǯϣ˵ĻʮһееĪ
ѵͷ֮仹ʲô鲻ɣԣѵǸйϵ
ǺǣСѹȻӱˣȷʵһŮйأһҺǮͷŮйϵϼʮһķӦ䵽ϵУȴ΢΢һЦ˵
ѵŮˣʮһԥһ£ûס˳
ûȴԶʧȥһ˫ȣֻܿζգϻشʮһ⣬˫֮ȴŨŨʹϧ
ԭǴε֮λʲô¶ûеģҲλûκ뿪ģ˵ʱ֮һ˻ƣ˼ֻص˵ǳ֮һ㣡
һλǱǿ˵Щй¶֮˶͵ģڶξһδӵӣǮлǮϣ˵ʱ˫۽ضǮϣ֮оȻѾЩˣ
ѡȾȲϼģȴǾңȵǸѾȶһȥѰҵʱһĴʯͷѹ˲ϼ˫֮ϣ֮󣬲ϼҲûҵֹϼһôãϸҲϼȥ˲ϼһ˫ȣҺͲϼ֮õİ飡һ˫֣ΪţǾ˫֣ʱȴָǮϵıӣ
Ǯл㻰أΪʲô˵ֻҪ˵ҲǵһУһж⣬ӾͰǱ׸ǣϼǮϲ˵һ
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˵ʲôôʲô˼ǵһǮô˵ƵģһץסǮϵĸ첲ʵ
˵ôľǸǲϼȾ㣬Ϊһ㣿ϼֵһһʮǰˮѧȻ䵽һôδ̤Ǹߵ򣡡
ϼ֮֮ԾͲ棬Ϊģϣܹרĵоˮմﵽ룬ȥﵽеľ磬Ϊһ˾ʦû˲Ƶһȥƣû˸ȥй¶ȥй¶ֻΪ˿ԾЩҪˣʹԺһηִģȻֺ


767 
أЩ궼ЩʲôܵȥҲˣȻȥϤĵзˮһ쵽ĸ˿ˮ׬ǮôľôȱǮΪˮʦȥˣǮָϴ˵
Ҳ˵ģһΪҪǰѱô˵ģʵ̫ûƷˣϼϲȷģҡͷŵ˵
ϼȷʵϲңΪϲˣΪҶ֪ϼһ룬ǿԽƷʦΪһʦԿ¸أΪ㲻䣬Ϊ㹼һƬ⣡ǮȴһǲмĿϣǳһ˵
ȿȣʱʮһȴ˼˵ע֮󣬱վ˵֪Ҳûʸ˵ʲôҶڼλǰǰ飬СҲǺʱ׷ô֣СӸǲ֪һ仰Ҫ˵
ˮǵһʽ߲ѧ֮ˮˣȻ˭˵Լ˵翵ģҲмѭģÿ׷ĵ
ʮһ˵仰󣬱ٴ۵ҲĵһĨĪİˣ׷֮ɫ
ãڳļλߣϣǮϣľһʮһҲǼæվһû뵽λ߻˴Ĵ
СѣȻᣬڵ֮һϵĸȴҪҵ̫ˣҵһݵģϿʮһ֣֮ص˵
λǰˣʦһ˼˵ģСģʮһٴξһ˵һʦ˵ÿˣÿ壬ÿ׹صһ𣬱ѾעһҪȥʲôҪȥһЩʲôֻأ֮ܶʿҪѳֻأȴûһ˿Գɹ
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ݣϣ۾һ۴⣬Ķʮһ˵
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ʮһĻһ£һ绰ȥߵµ˵һ飬Ȼ˵ʮһҪ·飬Ҷ˵绰
Ѿ绰ϰˣ˵ĶԹʶܶˣʱСȥѰҪĶӦûûģϹҶϵ绰֮ʮһ˵
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ȵʮһ͸뿪ʱϲչдƷֽţտǰƷʱϵϻǴЦģΪⲢûʲôѵģǿſţɫеѿˣ


768 ׸֮
ôˣѲ滹ҪɣǮһǸ仯Ͳ²⵽ƷѸ㵽ߺܹأǵдĶʱ˻Ŵ
ʱƿŽĻͻ֣ᷢͷΧһֽȫŴվɵƵģҲ˵
Ҳ֪˶ãһ󼱴ٵĵ绰ϵֻˣϽ֮ͨ˵һƵָ֣ʮһ˹ȥͬ˵һƵ֣Ȼ͹Ҷϵ绰ˣ
󷿼ڵλߣ㿴ңҿ㣬Ȼٿϵ嵥ȻֻǮϼ˹ЦһЦһָԾһɫϣһЦݣһֿ·ϲ£ŻᷢЦݣ
ʱǮϵ˳ЦĶϣȴḻֿ޲ĸо
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һӶѣ£㿴вҲһֲʲôģҪǣһǰԻԥĹ׳ǮҲĺĺ֪˵Ŀ϶ˣʱȴƫƫ˵һ㣡
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ãҽʮһͷˣֵܸУʮһҲԷһ£ŸУȴڴкͬʱڲźۼĴŶԷ
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֪Ƿ֪õĴʯģʯļӹãʮһҲϻֱӾͽԼĿ˵˳
Եһ£Ҵ绰һ£Цһ£͵ʮһ͸ж˵˸绰ȥ
Ƭ֮ϹҶϵ绰ʮһЦһ˵λȥһѼҵʯļӹɣֱӿȥͿˣ
Ǻãʮһһ֮˱ϵĳ˳֮ʮһ˵һ̨򣬶һѾ򲻵ˣɵþԼʲôA8Ҳˣ
ܻеԶΪѼҵǸڽأеļ۸ʵ̫ˣҼӹкܶ˳֮ڸʻλõ϶ʮһ˵
ǼôǮںôǮвѯʵǮʮһڶܳˣ׸ǲǸС˼


769 ̩ɽʯ
˵ЦˣҼǮ׬ҲǺװضλҲ֪ľͷļһ½ŴضҪļ尡ȴǺǺһЦ֮ȫûдԵеôҵ
Լֵܶ˻֪ȴ壿ʮһȴǺܺ棬֪Լ֪ЩģϾͨ˵УϵļԾһĴڡ
ǺǣͲؿˣĴҲˣֻһֱûл棡ȴǺǺһЦعͷʮһ¶һЦݣֻЦݣȴʲôó˵ֵ⣬֣֮Ѿ͸˵С⣡
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һȥԶһСأûµʱˣʮһһ۸Уε˵
УҲͱҶһѧƾѣԣһбҵ֤飬ѧûҵоߣѧ繷ᣬһֻиƾˣװĻأȴ֪ȴһܱļƣ˿ʮһӵĽҿ˰̣˿Σ
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ڼ˸սŵĽ£ɢôЩʯĩȥᷢ֨֨ȵͷ΢һʯĩѽŵĸо
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ɿ˰ɣܱܲ꣬ǴӸģ˵ĺƵģȻô˵ţлһСģ˵֮һͷ˼˵ûⶼǸǼҵģ̩ɽʯҲǸǼȫ
ţţϿ᲻֪ԼСʲô˼أܵ˵һתʮһ˵Щ̩ɽʯ㿴ˣҪĸֱ˵϶Ѿ˵ˣҸҲ˵ˣһģ


770 ã
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վǶѴͷ̩ɽʯǰ棬ʮһûȥһ»ʲôȥһ֮ģֻǾվ۾һ£Ƭ֮ʮһ۾üһ˿ʧɫ
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Ҫ֪ܶ˾ػҵλŴŵλöôһܴ̩ɽʯ鼸֣ʯҵ̩ɽʯҵ
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771 ˭й
ʵǻһ̩ɽʯģʱǸһУһֱû˵ǸȴС˵
УȴһӴʵóԼĺֵңǾȻҴŵģⲻǸҲʹ
ôǵУѵҲ֪̩ɽʯ˵ûеǼǵģֻλӵĻȴһɻϾ˼֮ɫ
ǺԺǿ飬ǰʱԼͻȻмѿһǿ鰡λȴǼ˵
ǿôԣȴ֪һ£Ӧ֮ȴһھܾˣ
㵽ʲô˼ĵǲǣү˵㲻Ųűүھܽ㣿ǳ׵ķŭˣ֮ǰԼóβõ̩ɽʯʱоѾЩˬˣԼеκһЩģȻͬ⣬ûԼү
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ضŭλĹǲûд̩ɽʯҪãһҪһ飬ͻ߿׶һ˻ʮһλ˵Ľ֮Ϊһ䣬ʹЩķ࣬ƽһ±飡
֪ǷԴȥһǿѺ۵̩ɽʯأ˶Ϊʮһ˵˵ʱʮһȴǻһת
һβûԼ⣬ǿ˷࣬ȴүȥڣ
ʲôϽ·ľԴҲ֪ôѡ㵱ģһЩ˵ʵǸ㲻ϵΪʲôҪԴ֮⣬Ͳˣ
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Ϊʵʵ׬Ǯʱ㻹õģʲô֪߲עĵطԷƭˣ
Ĵ£һ·ǰУ뿪ʯ֮ת˼֮һʯԼһЩʯͷ˵տһЩһôĿյϣʱƬյϣмλϣһ߰׸ߣʮ׳Ĵʯͷ
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ôҺС֮ĸ飬֪ôΪôһֱûĵŮѣΪʼСͻȻһ׷ģЩԳЦһ£
ңȻôϲôΪʲôڶԷҵʱҲ𣿡Ͽֹķ࣬ʵ
ܻΪΪ˵ϣȴ㣬ΪΪͷΪңķļ򣬶˵Щǲᶮģ˭Ǹ˵أʲôʱϲһΪĶģΪĵʱͶˣ
Ҫȥĵطһ£ѾȥҾʹ绰ýѣǰҷһ棬̩ɽʯ϶Է˵֮󣬱ʮһ˹ȥһһ˵
ˣʮһʱҲѾ̩ɽʯˣعͷһ
ûϵһ̩ɽʯԿŪõģֻǶ໨һʱѣʮһ˵ˣæѿڶ


772 
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˵Ҫ̩ɽʯ鶼ѾѺ˰ɻʵָǿѾѺ۵̩ɽʯ
ǰһкܶѼҲʯģӦҲ̩ɽʯģҪھʹ绰ȥһ£Ҳ˹ʮһ˵
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⣬ּ⣬ȻʮһҪУֻԼ֪ҪֻЩΪģԼģ
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տʼʱҪ̩ɽʯΪƷôҪµģǵҪʱ򣬾ͷˣôһ̩ɽʯǲģҪ̧϶ҪѺܴ
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Ϊ̫ѣ취ӵˣϾ̫ռռˣ
УҾ͸ǮСӣ̩ɽʯǮʮһ˵Ļ֮󣬴ӦһһԵķ˵
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ʵʵȷʵʮһ˵ڷˮһ֮У»ǲˮ֣֮ﶼǲܹǮģ˵֮ﻹҪһЩⲼˮȴǱҪǮģ۶٣һҪǮģ
ֻõƷڲ÷ˮֵʱ򣬲ŻӦеĹЧ
Ӱɣ͸Ҹǧ˰ˣҿɸ㼱ʮһĻ°֮󣬶һԵ˵
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ҿСǲ̫һ㰡Ȼ͸ôһ㣬ô˵Ҳ׸ĶӣǮôٿǮ˼ҶûţӹϵݹǮݺݵİһϣƺΪ˵
ʲôУЩֽͲˣ˵ˣʯͷҿɻҪҴ󿨳˻ģҲһʿϵһ۷󣬺ٺЦſŷ˵
лֱ˵ӿң౻Ͽֱˣ˫ǰװӣ
Ǯп˻ˣҪǮģϴһ죬ŷ˵
һߵʮһ͸ˣϺͷԻɵЦһ£Ѳѣ
ûõ׸֮ӻҪҽǮ̫ˣԺңҪӱཫֽ𽻵ϵʱ򣬲˵
СʱҾʹ绰绰˵ڽصСϻʮ򣡡ϲмİһ۷࣬вŷ࣡
ȥǽѲεİһϣͬȥ
ʵ˵ģѾͷȻƢ˵㣬Ƕ㻹ǲģȻǼҲûʽ飬㻹Ǹһˣߵſڵʱ϶ŷ˵
ôƵģϽ滳ǱŮǮˣô󿨳ˣϽǮȥɣֳǲͷӣϣ
ȵʮһ͸л뿪ʱһжѾźˣϵʱͻ䵽ָص㣬ȻһȦ˰ܿţֹһ˿
һᰴʮһָʾڰϳ֮󣬾ͻһڲס
ȥ·ϣϼҪѯʣй̩ɽʯ飬ֶֹ֮סˣһʲôأ


773 Ŵ
ǲʲôʵģʾǣ˵Ҷ˵ʮһȻҲǿϼȺƱһɫˣûԣԱʵ
Ҿˣ˵ò׵ĵطֱ˵Ϳԣǿ˵һ䣬ϵĴ֮ȰѿܵĻ˵ǰ棬һʵ˲˵߲˵⣬Ҳᵼ˫֮Σ
ʵʵı̩ɽʯ˵̩ɽʯԽԽǺãΪ̩ɽʯһ㶼ѹլԺɷɢЧԲӦԽЧԽãмôһѷ̩ɽʯЧأһ֮󣬻عͷʮһʵ
ԭҪʵľʵܼ򵥣̩ɽʯȷʵԽЧԽãһõ̩ɽʯȫѹǻһЧǾȡ񱩵˳ˮۣ裬˳ƶУʮһȻ͵ĺϵĶ֮УǶһԺģ
ʲô˳ˮۣʲôֽв裬˳ƶУôȥеƶǶĸоأ
ֻǾ㲻ȴҲװܶӣȻĻֱʳȥԵԼܴεӣ
⼸ӦꣿӻصʱЦʵ
ӦûʲôµİɣǱӦûҪ׼죡ʮһһº˵
Ȼûʲô飬Ҵ·ǰŹһȦΣʲôҲ½ܶ࣬ǲģһҲ԰ϴһ˫֣ٺЦ
ţ޵С˹ά˹֮ƣʮͽǰȥҲкܶǸûȥѣЩһ㶼ĵǰȥȻˣ˶ĵǰģô˵ֶǲܷŵ̨˵ģ
ȴ绰һǱ߻ҪãʮһûеһʱشϵĻͳֻһ绰ȥ
Ҫ찡Ǻðɣ²һ䣬ǵİЧ̫𣿡ʮһҶϵ绰֮ǰ˵һ䣬µ绰ͷǲɵĳһ£
ǲǱǸС²ˣԣǲǣµǮϣȴǹЦ˵
ʵӦСӣӦһ˼ſ㽫꣬ȥŮѣԲŻģЦ֮ϵļ򣬿ȥǿοʵȴǻڳ
Ǯֱ˵ôõķˮ⣬ʦֿƵ£α˵ôίأǲģοˮֱͺܼ򵥣ҹƶ׼֮ʦҲͰʱľܸ㶨һУһԵҲ̲ס죬Ц˵
ƥ򣬸жԶԶˮ˵ô򵥵Ļȶ뱸֮ȥһҿҲ·ͷ϶һ䣬㲻ˣԸץʱȥ׼
һߵʮһȻ֪Ϊһ²ۣµ绰Ǳߵļλߣһε֪ҲͲںΪʱ͸һϵĳǰأ
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ӣˣֵˣʮһ˸ո·ɻӭ߹һװĵӣſ˫ӭ
һȥ粻ڣҵѣͳƺ͸ˣһӣȻ򵥵Ľһʮһ͸У֮ǰõģ
Ŷããһͬѧҽ죡ǸϵĽ֮󣬶ʮһ͸˵һ䣬󿴼ʮһ͸ŬŵЦݣٴ˵ʵλЦЦˣҶѾϰˣλţŴͬͬգ
Ŵ˺ãйһЦ˵
߰ɣýһľ֣ܶ˶ȥҲȥ˵ܶĵҲȥģЦŶԼ˵
˭ĳӻʹôǮǰȥϲɵһ䣡
ͱ˺ϻ￪ģǿҵһ죬Ǹȥúõһ٣ӮСӽӶشϵĻ仹һЩ˷֮ɫ
ǽȥһ£תѯһԵʮһ
ˣʮһЦŻصȻѾˣǵȻȥﶼνˣ
һԵȴʮһתתԼʲôԣ֪һЩģ򵥰㲻ǴĹӣҲ϶Ƕдֵˣ


774 ˾Ʊ˾Ʊ
ϳ֮һ·һΪͥҹܻǰǰ׵˵֣ʮһȴ˲ͬûע֣ǿԵŵС棡
Ҳ̫һɣͥҹܻ᣿˵ĺ˻ΪһƵģ쿴ϺʮһԼеȫڶҿ²һ䣡
Ĵ£ŵֱȥ˵㣬Ŵ򿪵һǣ۵Ŀ֮ɫԼǲܶͷ
һﻹǹ׵İ֮ǰ˵ʲôĴһҶĳڿȫһǮ𣿡̲סٴ²ƺһΪ²۶һ㣡
Ϻǣ˵ôойٵĸоأԭǵү˰СͥķҵүҸо԰˸ոߵſڣʹ߳һīһɫµӣӵ󻹸żλŮŮ
ôģүǹͣѵүƷ𣿡ȴǺܲĽ˵
ǺǣôأŴʵҰԭӾҲҴͥķϰ壡
ǼŮŮĻ󣬾ŬıЦջһŮûסһЦ˳ֻס죬һֵĿ죡
ŵģүôҪ㣬үľƱȴһʼһºͻȻЦһͽǸŮ˻УȻݺݵһڣͺǷйһ㣡
һһֱû˵ʮһڿԼ˳ϻ̳ϿֵķӦ֮вɵðǰʱϺеһ仰СѾͷƬӣأ
첻ӵŴƺȷʵǿԽеģȴ˭ԽеģҸ˭ԳЦģͱڱ§ڻеǸЦŮˣȻѾ˵˲ƽˣȴҲ˵һϵľƱ
Ȼʮһǿ˵ľƱǷ֪ͬǰ㣬ǴǼŮ֮Уʮһȴڷһ˿ҵͬʱҲһ˿Σ
죬е˰ɣô˵ҲҴˣ˵Ʊ͵Ʊʹͬͬ𣿡ȻĻµʱȴǲˣ
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үޱҵѣǵһϣүͱˣʱ֮ǰλŮһڶ֮УһλŮվ˳˵
ǺǣƾǼĵλ㻹ûʸô˵ȴЦһǲмĶŮ˵һ䣬ʹŮһӾˣ
ֻȴ˵һ仰֮󣬾ͲˣٴζŻбŵŮʵֻһ仰ԸⲻԸ⣿ҪԸңԸĻԼ뿪үǿ
ܲһƱʲô˼ŮӴʱ糺죬̧ͷʵ
ηֵˣôֱͣܲ˵˵ľƱʵһ˯ŮˣһֱΪֹ
ԥһֻ֮˵ش֮ǰһ£ǴûƵĵط
İڲŸոϴѧǰڼסޣܵϣֵطŮȴЩ˼˵
㻹ǴѧأƱʲô˼֪û𣿾ȾƵģ쿪ʼ˺ģʽ
ôǵƵأޱŮȴС˵һ䣬󿴼׺ݵ֮󣬾ּæͣ
ʦ̵ģƱ˼ҪҺȾƣֱҺΪֹһӣǲں˵
ֻǣʱ˿̣ڳˣȴһֿ죬˲֪Ʊʲô˼ȴ֪İοõŴʲôʱô˵ȫѾǳǵ֪ˣ
ϣΪѣ˵ֳ֮УΪ˽ˣԼʲôʱô˵ȻûԼƴ󣬵Ҳʮ竰ղŸйŴˣνΪԼģ
¾ȻôոϴѧСôĺ̬ȣô氡ѵԼϲˣ
˵ŸϴѧҲʮ˾£е󰡣


775 
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ԴޱѾͷ֮󣬲ųѪֵ֮Ļģѵ˵ŮйϵǿŮһ˰ҺŮղ˵ĻҲǼٵİ
Ҫ֪ŮһЩϢͺˣҲ԰ԼͿþ׼һЩˣ
˭Ҳ֪ǣǵУһԼĵĿţأ
ϴְҵַ˰ɣջǸ˽ʮһʮһԼǣһֻһֻϱȻţֻüëţһʮһĸ첲ʵ
ǡڴʱǸޱŮҲǻش⣬ԸľƱȾƣ
ȻˣǾͿʼϵƤɣΪķǵһ쿪ҵֳжע϶Ҳ˵ֻҪǮѺ٣Ӯ٣4ȻһжˣԵվ˳ϵʽʼˣһ˵жĿ˷ܵĻ
Ҫ֪ܶĳ涼ǹ涨޵ģֻǲͬ淨涨ҲͬˣΪ˷ֹһǮֲǮǰҳӣҪ֪£һ˾ùˣҲһֱģܻôһӮã
ޣֻһѾͿʹһĳͣˣҲкܶĶ֣ԿһڵĹһˣ
˵ģҪǴĸĳĳӣϴʮۣȻҸţĶ֣ȻҸĳǿ˭˳ۣĳǾҪˣ
⻹㣬Ϊ˱ʾ⣬ԼԸλҵĳڳÿһˣҶһĳ룬Ȼ֪λں룬Ǿ͵СܵһɣȻֳ֮˵ķӦһЦɵü˵
һӣĻ˵ֳ֮׵ķֳȷʵвǲںһģȴҲкܶںģ
˶ԿʼˣҲһӭе棬ȴһССǰᣬͽΪǧ飬ﵹײ룬Ϊҿ˿ƣʮһ㣡תߵķŵǽ棬ʱҲѾһŶˣ
ǧǮЩ٣˵ʵһδӦСǮأ֮˵ǧҲܸһЩͨ˵ᣬϾǧǮһ˽һ¿ʲô⣬οЩķأ
λүһ𣿾͵ǸСˣվ֮󣬶ϵһЩ˵
ʱڶԱҲ˰˰ӣշλ˵λϷڶλȴֻλã
ӣֵ߰ɣĻֱӾߵ˱ߵλϣһλϣҪˣȴĻ˶ߵλϣ
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ҪҪҲһ᣿ҿԽǸӣȴûֱӻشĻתʮһ˵ûǣҪʮһģ
ˣҿУҲⶫʮһȴ΢΢һЦܾϵĻ
Ҳ棬мɣмֿ֪ѯҪҪ棬æ˵
ҲǰӷԱ߰ɣȻĻվŶ۰ϼʮһ˲棬ҲͲǿˣ˵һ֮󣬾ͽߣ
ϵĻһ£æ˰ӷϵԣ֮ǰһֱΪʮһ͸ֻǸͨѶѣȴû뵽Ȼλģҿϵӣ˵ĵλƺϵλͣ
٣˭ǴϿνĸЩһЩϸģоǱѣÿһӵģˣȻҲˣ¶Ѿ׼Ҫһʮһ˵ĵϸˣ
˶ֱ֮ʽʼˣŵļˣΧվźܶˣЩ˵жĵģпŵģ
ԱվһλŮ˿ƣλŮĽһӣȫµ˿ƣ
λŮнӹһ˿ƣ֮󣬸˿һۣ˳ƽ׳ߣһ£Ҫ׼ˣ
ʮһٿֻϴŵʱټǸ޴ɳĮͻ΢΢ǣһĨ΢Ц


776 ׯ
鷳һʮϵһֲûиΪûл룬ԶһԵķǵŮԱ˵һ䣡
үôͻôһ㰡ⲻķ񰡣һ߲ǺķƣһЦŶ˵
ҲЩٰⶼѾһĿˣЦ˵Ȼģ̾˿ʹһԵ˵Ķķ˸ۣ˭˵Լܣ
˿ԲʶκˣȴǶʶϣ׸֮һ棬һ浹Ϊû¾ͻᷢһЩȦ飬ҪôΣҪô˵ģ
֪ȣһĶǶһȵù
Ҳʱľбϣ˵ߵŮֻˣǻŮѵٶȣֱһ˻·ٶȶҪϺܶడÿαĵҲǲһģ
һˣȻ˵ԼûǮô˭Ű
үǷȤϵĻ˰죬ֻôһ仰
ϵĳ뻻֮󣬵һֵʤҲѾˣӮˣҲţģȻƾֱǶʮһˣ
һ֣Ҳֻģû˼Ӽʲôģ
ڶֿʼʱʮһĵһԵĸΪô棿ҪΪǮĻɲأʮһҷǳŵ˵ֳЩ˵УĿǰǮ˭Ҳ࣬Ϊ۶Ƿϵģ
ϴǲмɵģֻƶĶǾԲԲģӽӵĵһ𣬾Ѿ˵ģȻڲˣѾˣǻҪصģСĻشʮһ⣡
еĻش֮ʮһĬĬΪԼֵܵ˸ޣɾҲʵ̫ǿˣѾˣŵأÿһĶĻܱЩС󣬻һҵɪַӾǣ
ΪʲôʱʮһȴָָϱߣȻС˵׬ȡư
㲻𣿻˵׬Ǯ𣿡вʵ
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иʮһôãһʮһ⻰ͶٶһЩˣĵ˵ͷȻ˾Ͳ˵ˣĿ֣
ʮһȴŸеǾ仰ӮǮ𣿲֪ԼӮǮȥ¿ɲԣԵĻԼǿһ£
֪䣬ѾˣÿζӮͺǶһ㣬ҪʲôʲôҪǿķַ˻ˣ
ǺǣֵҪɱķҲǷǳĹЦ˵
ȥ㲻ţˣרѧɣҩˣȻôôͣĻ󣬺ǲˬ˵
һѧѧĿɲȴǸӵˣֻ˵ĻԵûţǿҪôѧҪôǽ̫ˣ
ޱñү˾֮ɱ仨ˮҲǸͲ˵ĻһԱߵޱЦ˵
ʱŶϻŵģֻʣŵ⼸ˣĶĿҪôȥĶȥˣŻһˣڵӮѴģѽȫӮ
ٺޱ˻ĺ֮󣬱һ˵ɼүôӮģ
ЦһҲ𣬱ٴηƣڽϵⳡľ֣Ǻĵģǿ϶ģԲ˵ʲôǲģҲ֪˵ЩҲǾķƢˣΪøˣ
˵ǮôܽǮأȻںܶ˵ѾһĹˣǶǣһٷǮͲ
Ŵˣ˾ƺð֮ȻһӮУЦŶ˵
ƨֻ˵ķľƲãʲô£ޱҪҼҵľƣҿ϶˾ܴɱķһ˵ĻȴʹޱһӾͺˣ
ľٶ֮ʮһҲǰҡҡͷΪ˵ʲô׵ģΪȾˣȻǮȴ֪Ǯⶫ˼֮⣬йϵһȾƣ΢һ㣬ˣʶеģĻҲ֮ܵӰģ
οбҪǲ͹ˣ


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⻹ǻٳɶడ򣬾Щ٣ҲһʲСˣô̵ʱ׬ô࣬ҲǺܿĵˣԴ˿̵ϵЦѾǺŨˣ
ʮһΪ˵仰ǸͶԷ֪ˣνС飬ĲⶫӦñ̬ȣ͵һ෹ֶã
ϲˣҲû˵ʲôⶫԸģοϻһϵ棬Ҳôˣֻʣ컹һλӻˣ
״Ҳͼƣ֣ͲΪ⼸ˣϵĵֻһѣһʱ䣬ҪȵӦòൽˣ
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˼ҳȥѣȻ˸绰֮󣬶ϼ˵һ֮󣬱ȥˣ
ɻԳȥӭӵ˭ʱ򣬴ſڵλȴ߽˼ˣһ˱Ǹղųȥˣ
ˣӣһһݰ׵꣬ƻûгӣһͷϸߣƤЬӣ
֮ʮһ¶һ˿ζЦݣ绹Сߵﶼˣ
ʮһ͸ŵλûкܶվŵģԽ˲ûпʮһ
ϼ֮ҲվЦӭȥϹүүȻҲ˰
СôҲˣ㲻ֻ椲𣿡˵ǸƤЬӣһ֮˵
ģ֪˵˶˭һ̬ȣҲƽ仰е񣬶ҾƽϣֻҪʲôȥ飬ҲȥƽϵģϾֵλĻǼΪǰģ
ȻȥʵǿӣǱϾںģǸϹһȻһĲģҼ֮Ҳһģ
ֺðû뵽Ҳ֣ȷʮһ΢ЦŶʮһ˵
һкǲҪʹֳ˶Ŀʮһϣ֮ǰϵľٶУѾ²ʮһݿܲˣȴû뵽˶ʶһк
ǺǣֺãҲǸйģʮһ˼ѾԼˣҲվЦ˵
ôҲⰡ˵㲻˰ɣƤЬӾߵʮһԣŵ˵˲ǱˣϹˣһȻˣ
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СůôŵʱֻһƬ֪֮Ѿˣֻ⻶ǲе̫أӮ͸Ľʮһעʱ򣬿ǿ˵ģʮһ֮⣬ûѺСӮã
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ʮһǲ֪㲻ڵһСʱӮ˺üǧˣôǲǺĽҪҪҴһ㰡Ϲ翴ʮһ֮󣬾̲ס˳ģʽ
֣ҽ֪֮˵Ҫ㣬˵ѾûˣҪϹ˳۶ˣ˵Ļǲһģ
ңѾˣʮһʵ
ǺǣֹȻ̫ˣʲôס㣡ǺһЦ˵ĻȻǹάĻǻʮһо
ҿʮһү˵أû𣿡Ϲ翴ʮһǲˬɵöʮһֻκʮһͺûĻƵģһ¶ô
ݣϹ޺޵Ķʮһ˵һ䣬תͷһӺҡǲ䲻ˣһҾ䲻㲻˵ٶ𣿡
Ϲ֮ԻˣһΪʮһ˱һҲΪϽ֮ǰʮһ˵ĻĵĸˣڳͷȻ꣡
ʱȴһĺ飬꣬Ѿһ˰֮ǰô˵ΪԼ䣬ھȻˣҪھͣµĻһȻܶ࣬ۻǿõóǿϹ˵ļƣǲͣİ
ҪһֱȥԼأ
֮ǰǸԼֵʱ򣬸Լ˵ǿһֱӮİôĲŸոհҹ˵õĲ˭Լͨɱأ
ôģȵºԼһҪ˴Ǹʲôƨˮʦȣˣ˺ʲôôԼüʮأ
ֻڱԹʱȴԼ֮ǰһֱӮãϺȥһ֮ٻװ֮ſʼģֻǴʱĻЩˣѾķҵˣ
ȻǸҪ˼˼⣬ʮһ˵ηͽˣôҲû뵽ʦķˮҵľ۲ƾ֣ô׾ٵıʮһƵˣ
֪Ӳ֪ǣ־Ƶһˣô֮ǰźôˣһֱܲȥ
Ȼˣźôˣ̾ͳ뿪ĻȻȻͻ᲻ˣֲˣҲû˭һֱӮ˭һֱˣֻµȴǸ޷뿪
ʵӵһʱоѾʼùˣֻǰڻѾ˵ȥˣҪǲãԼΪӮǮһǿ϶Ӧģ
һ󣡾ǧɣϹžһ¾ǰϵЩһƣǲΪ˵
ҲǸһѳȥҲǸѹ˴
ѾһƬĳ룬ΧŶۿˣȴ۵һ˳һΪϵĳһǧ֮࣬Ҳ˵һӮĻһӾҪóȥһǧ۶˭һСĿˣ
һȴΪʼգϹ˶ѡѺ󣬴ӵһ䵽ӮѾǿʮˣǰʮֿȫСмһδûпѾаˣ
ǴӵڶʮİԺ󣬵ȴһſŵۣͷβһ£ǰʮӮϹһǧڼ֮ǰ˿ʱӮϺ˵ǮȫһҲһڣ
ǿѴѾȥһˣҲ˵ڿʼǲҲӮζʲôζˣ͵ǰˣ
ЩҲģҲ֪һĻǾζſʼˣ


784 һ
ԣϹ˽ʱѵ֣ѾЩˣ֮ҲѾǱˮˣ
ֻڽ׵ĳϲһ£ɾеĺˮ֮󣬲ٴץѣȴûпԭ覵ĳȴѾӡ˼ӡҲ˺ܶ࣡
ѣҡҡÿҡһΣ˵۾ҲǸŻζֻǹһˣѻҡţ
ӣӹȥˣҡѣƺƵģֵҪͣȴֲҲ죬˭֪ʱ⼸Ѿˣǵ˭Ըİ
˵ܲˣҡȥ㻹ܰӱīľϽİɣϹҲǿȥˣŰ˵󿴼ʮһһ׼ϣ˹ȥ
СӳʲộʮһȴƳһϹ磬˵һϹץĻҲ˵˭Сأ
뵽˵Ϲ統۾ʮһ˵ʮһ̫ſ񰡣űҴ갡͸˵СӣǶѾʮˣҲֻҶСѣ˵ƾʲôҰ
˭ҪˣҪǲҪ̣һ㣿˵ˣҾѾʮˣҲ˵Ҿͱˣû˵һ𣿡ʮһȴǰһϹ磬һȦ֮󣬺ǿ˵һСӵķ緶
ǸүѾþò˵໰ˣүҪΪ㣬ǼʮǮһе̣Ϊϡأ㶮ʲôдϹһʮһ֪ʲô̵ֵ
ҸͽдʮһԼĻشϹûһӱȥ֮ݺݵһ̣ȻϽī㣡
Χŵˣ˿ȴȫɱ״̬ģ֪Ϲ˭ĻһЩЩ֪Ϲ˭ģȴ崦ھ״̬Ϲ˭ǿǾǵһŴ竰Ȼ˸ô˵༸ĹӣǲӺ˵ǰӾȻôϹ˵
ҪǣϹ羹Ȼ޿κεӣŰ
ѵʱе˶ٴξˣʮߵҲ˵ϹӮˣҲζˣһһǧ
ʱˣϱͲͣĺ飬һӸžĲͣ촽ʼˣ˵ıΪֹʱȴǿϹһ֣
ȻֻϹ˵һǧ򣡡
ţҲͬĸһǧһӾĵڰûһվˤˣҿһ֮ǰ˿ƵǸŮڣۼֿķһ
ҪҿǽȵɣһԵλϣһվСĺѣ
ĸУһȥүûҪأ˵վǣүʾģϹ粻мĿһ˵ӣžϲӬƵĶӻһ֣һȥȻЦЦĿ
ôأǾͼȴǼæ˵ݺݵĵһۣ

ͻȻΧȺһȻͿȺԶÿһ·žһţп㣬ŵͲѥһСһͷ̷Ů˽
䣬ֳ뵽ŮΨһ˲ֱӣȺԶɢҲΪŮӵԶɢһ֣ǵĺ֮⣬˲ľ͸Է·ˣ
㣬˰߽Ůӣվ˵
˲ǱˣֻϸǰƺӵǿһЩʮһŶԷһͷ֪ԷӦͻ֮ǰһֱǵƿˣ
кֻǿһ۵ӦˣͬʮһһͷֱվʮһԣʮһԭŵģһǸУһһʶҲģӣ
ҲǴվǱִ񣬵վҲ˵һߵĿλȥˣ
ӵλϣʮһԣһĻ˶ǳһ˭֪ҴСޣٸ˵ǺٺͱߵýһЩ˵һİˣ
ǰˣһ˵ˣȻǲ֪˵ʲôѾ㹻ǳԾˣҲ㹻ȥ˴ţƤˣ


785 ʧǳɹ
лл㣡ʮһ˵Ļ
Ϊʲôңʮһ˵Ļ
øǿǶ˸ղ˵Ļһ仰˾Ͷ˵ˣ
ҿʱҲˣǾһְɣ˭˭ӮͶɢˣΣ
úúãǵһ޳ɵģһ˵֣ҿ֮лǸм֮ɫ˵˵Ѿ˵˽ˣҲҪǿȻʽû٣ΪҵĴүʵڲоȥϵʲɣֻʲȴζϵģȻһᱻϰָģ
νģӮ˵ĻҲӮڶѣϹǳҪĽ࣬˵ĻһֻĴһ㣬ݺݵϣ꣬ӮڶѣӿҪڵİ
ȻλˣǾɣԭһŶӮ㻨ǮģȻҼүң˵Ҳ׬Ǯ֪ǮҪһӮʮʮڵģǲ˵ȥҲеӣȴٴκݺݵ˿һΣ˵ĻʹһԿֵˣĸоϻװӣ
ĽȻûʲô⣬Ϲ缸ӮˣֻǵվʱȻѾ˼ȥ׼ǵʵٵʱ򣬻ǸоĿһۣž͸оʲôӿ˺
ķտҵСүҲΪ㣬֮ڣڴ˵˻ϣȻĻеҲе𣡡ߵʱϹЦŶ˵˭Ц˵ĻУ̲ŵɱ
Ȱһ䣬ʲô˶ǵģһҪ֪֮˵Ļ
Ϊǵ㹴ǲֻ֪һССĽѵ´Σҳ֮ʱ뿪֮ǰ϶˵ĻֻǺǾ仰˵úСֻô޵ļˣ죡
Լĺ˵ҪһļļʱҲǲĸŲһ£
漴˾һ뿪ˣת뿪̤ŵʱڻûסһѪ˳²ʡˣЩºһЩѣǼæҽԺͣ
ʮһ뿪ʱңԶӢһСһһ˶װŮӣһҿȹкſȣʱһݱֽ
֮ޣӳ۰ߣűֽϵ⣬ǹϰ֮ĵϸһһͼֻͼȴֻһӵıӰ
˰̫֮˷ˣûҾͷˣŮӵ¶һ˿ҸЦݣ˫֮Ҳһֻ֮У۽ǲµˮҲûע⵽
ģ׷ˣŮӿ˴ⲻԶ߹Ӱһ䣬ֽźȥˣ
һУȻڹڵʮһȻǲ֪ģΪʱϹ缸˳ԺأӮǮȻҪףģ
ļ죬ʮһ͸˾͸ڰźʹһϹѾ뿪ˣȴȻǣ
СѣһжѾ׼ˣǾڸոգʮһӵ绰У϶˵Ļ
ʮһһʱ䣬ŵ绰˵糿ʱʼҪ·Բһ֮ڣ˷ˮʦ֮⣬κһˣЩνȨ󣡡
СѷıɣʮһĻȻЩΪѲЩȨۿǴӦ֪ʮһΪʲô֪ʮһô˵Ϳ϶ĵ֪ʮһֻǵĲϲѣ
߰ɣǻȥɣһмҪ׼óŽϡʮһҶϵ绰֮󣬶ߵļ˵
ãȥ׼ʮһķԸ˵
ϴڻǰأ֪ϡģвʵ
ϴ˭㶫֪ܲ𣿡ʮһһ۸Уŵ˵

ҹǣ
ϴ㻹ǵ֮ǰ˵Ľϡ𣿡жԴʮһ˵
ʧǳɹ裬˶һδεʧгɳģʮһһĿʼ˺˵˵һԵĸȴǲɵƲƲ죬̲סһۣ
⿴һ£˭ÿһҪʯͷŪ㶫ʮһŶ˷Ըһ䣬в֪װʲôĻĴߵһԴŵĴʯͷǰ
ʱƮǵС꣬ҹǵӰӶûУڵǣ˵Ƿǳʹģһֱ䣡


786 
ֻʮһ͸Լ˵ȴǸûһӰ죬·͸ܲ˿˿ǵƵģ
ʮһУץһͭǮΧ̩ɽʯ̧ͷһ̩ɽʯһֽ֮Ųȥվ̩ɽʯˣȻ±ߵĸһ֣˵һӶң
ϴ˰ɣôͭǮӺ˰ֱӸȥһ߱Թţһֱ߽ߵĴӿڸϣ
ⶼҪõģϵˣһٸŪˣǿɾͷˣʮһ±ߵĸ˵ͬʱѶԷСĵ㣡
һͭǮ˵Ҳöʮÿ֮󣬵һӾվ׸ߴʮһ
ס֮ʮһ˴ϵӣȻ׼̩ɽʯѿķ϶ͭǮߵȥ
һͭǮȫ̩ɽʯѷ֮еʱ̩ɽʯѷҲñֻװͭǮĴӣʮһȴûӵֱӽ̩ɽʯ棬Ȼִͳŷ̩ɽʯϣ
ȻʮһǴóһö͵ͭǮֻһöģͭǮģ⻹һöֱʮֵͭǮ
ȶһ·λ֮ʮһ㽫ͭǮǸ棬ȻִһԳǸ֮ǰĺɫڴٴν̩ɽʯ棡
̩ɽʯ֮ʮһΧ̩ɽʯתһȦóѰϸıȶһ£ֱʱſϸĿһܾķˮ֮ǰֻǴµĿһ£ȻѾ֪ôȥĿ
ȴʼһʣʮһѰеĴ𰸣һķˮʦѰ̣ʱ˿̾ԻǻҵģΪѾˣ
ֻʮһеѰȴǲͬģֻԪ˵ѣǼʹˣҲ鰡Ҫ֪ĳɹǷɽͼȱľ飬Ż飬ֻɽͼе飬ûг׵ݻɹѣ
ȶԺ÷λ֮ʮһó˰ŷֱ˰˸λĵϣֵǣŷȻҲûбˮʪͺһϱĤƵģ˷ˮģ
һĻкҲǳһиǺ߽һŷӿȥ棬ҪôǾԵݵĵطҪôֱӻȥ
ʱֽͺһ澵Ƶģ˵һ滹ûĥõë澵ӣ
ķϣ˷·Ϊ֤ʮһ߻̩ɽʯ£˫žӡſпھΥɵתһٰʮȣȻȥ
ʮһһŵ£ͻȻ䷢˺һ죬ͺʮһһǲһģǣеĵһ㣡
ʮһ˫ָ̩ɽʯõľӡ˳ȥžӡĴһâ̩ɽʯϣЩԭڵϵķһ̣Ȼһͬ˸һɫĹΣֻʱ̣ܶ
Լ֮еĹâȥǰŷʧˣͺ˵һ㣬һĺۼ
ˣ߰ɣһжѾ׼ˣֻˣʮһŪһ֮󣬶Ÿк˵˱һ뿪ˣ
գշ̫ûأú;Լãм·ϱѾվʮˣֻЩȫǷˮʦг֮ǰμӱķˮʦ֮⣬Լʮеķˮʦ
ʱΧѾкܶྯͣ˽ֵ·ڣкܶؾʼߣ˾ߣֹһ˵Ƚ룡
Сô˵ģⶼߵ˰˵ʱ𣿡ڴʱ̩ɽʯԣǮϿʱ䣬Եʵ
С˵ǳʱٵȵȰɣⲻǻм𣿡Ȼ˵ţҲе㽹ģĿҲǳŽ·ȥȴͿǸҪӰ
Ȼʱ仹磬Ҫ֪ʱΣǺܶ൵ڿʼӹ˻ʱ򣬿ǿŴӵˣȫؾ棡
ǺؾΪʲô·ΪʲôôˣֻǳǹؾȴǸͲǵĻ֮£ֻ۾Ŭ濴ȥҪʲô֪Ķ
ֻȴʲôǸɫŵĲ֪ʲôĶȻţԴӼǰһֱȻ󱻺ܶ˿ţֹ˿ضǺ֪Ǹʲô
ֱǣòһεķ·ⶫйϵûЩܹȥˣվǶԱ


787 ̨֮
ǳСӴ绰ɣǻû˯ѣǲ֪ûذɣۿʱѾߵˣǮٴζ˵⵹ҲǮô룬Ϊʮһ͸ԴӼǰ뿪Ҳûгֹ
ͨʾǹػҲԵе㽹꣬ϾʮһʱǳʱʱѾˣȴǻûг֣ҾȻ绰ͨˣܲǵģҪ֪ǵϴǵķˮЭ᳤Ҳ˵ģֻûгֶѣǻ᳤һкţЩؾҲģһڳڹۿأ
ǸǸСһһСأҲͨ𣿡Ǯ˸Уʵ֮ԵҪϻҪںҪΪҲС˼ģ˵˵зˮЭˣһȴӾܿˣежã
ȣһӵĹϵѾʮ˵ģ˵һѾ֪ٴˣʦֺһӵʦ֣ҲһӣһԷս˶ĺѣһɱ孹ӵģ
ֻǾ˵Ҳǲģȴ֪һ飬ǾʦѾȥзˮЭˣҺһһʲôǹһŸְλ˵ʲô˵ʦѾ൱ڼˣ
ǮţϢһȥ˶𾪣ЩߴĵˣᱻһһһӣһӵһӣѾʹúܶ˲ҽˣڼʦ֣һһĴ󿧣û˻᲻𾪣
ΪˣŻôİʮһŻ͵͵֪˺ܶˮˣǣзˮЭܾõķˮ⣬Ҫһ˽ˣЩŴ˿Ҳ͵͵Ŀţ
ۣ𣿡
ﰡ
ǫ̃ϰ
Ǯϰżʱһ֮ȴǮתͷȥȴǷߵЩˮʦʱһȴǸͷǫ̃￴ȥߵϺ༸ϼһҲͷ죡
Ǯɻ̧ͷȥȴǷǫ̃ϣӰȥӦӰֻھԶ̫˳ʲôӣ
ȥ˰
Ҫ¥İɣ
¥ģ
һһŮѳأ
ǻûе㹫ģϽ绰һ¥ģǿ϶Щ۷׷ףֲ´˷ŭ˵
Ǳ߲ؾ𣿻ʲô١ȴָһǱ߻ھؾǣ
ȥȥǹˣҲǼæķԸţֻǮϴӿӰ֮û˵ΪܾӰ֮Уһʮһ֪Ϊʲô˵Եɣֻһֱ
ñˣǸϴ׼Ҫʼˣϰȥؾʱһڼ˵˿ȥǸУȻû˷ָʲôʱֵģ
˵ǸСѣһº󣬺ǳԾʵʵеΣʮһҪˮȥʲôѵ˵Ҫƽ
ǵģϴԸģҪһλǰһһЩ飬ȫ˵̩ɽʯΧʮ⣡е˵ͷ˵
ǾɣеĻû˿ԥֱӾԸµվ˳
Ȼڶˮʦǿʼɢվ˾̩ɽʯʮ׵ĵطû뵽ǣʮˮʦȻΧ˴Ȧʱ̩ɽʯԱߣֻʣ¸кˣ
ϰոеҪϥ˵£ֻŵʱոеָʾˣ
һУ̨ϳֵӰվŵЩͨˣҲǿˣֻǿҲǿѣҪѯʣûܻشеʣǺö˿ʼóֻ¼ܣʼų㣬߶̨ϵĺӰ㣡
һ¥ҲǵһϰҪߵĻ׬üǧأ
ʱ̨ϵʮһȴյԵĸеźţȻԵ˵һվɣŬֿΧĿҲһУͬʱҵָʾʱ׼ŷϣ
֪ˣʮһ˵ͷ˵ֻʮһûзֵǣʮһ״̬һһĸıţҪǻʼʱͲͷظһ֣ѾǺܸʮһˣ
ڣȴǼȵͷˣ˵֣ΥѧģֻǴʱ˿̵Ķˣûע⵽ѣ


788 ƶ
ǣʮһٴα۾һǰѰ񱩵Уƽ㣬Ȼ֮ǰоѾжˣ浽Ҫʼʱ򣬻еò׼ΪҪ£һһ£ǾͺпǾ㲻ҲҪ˵Ľడ
£ӽˮһһϼûϹˣһСˣһˣ˵䲻ģľˣֻȴˣΪķˮֽ֮ҪȥѰıأ

ٴ۾ʮһ˫֮һ˿⣬Լ˵Ĺע֮£һ̨ıԵȻκͣģٴǰһ
СģʮһһʱʶľͺԼ֪ΪʲôҪôһ仰һд˿̵ûȥܣΪǰ˲ûĵǰȥǾͺƽһ㣬һ¶ûУ
ʮһһ̨̤̤ڿеʱۿЩˣֺγŵôһЩˮʦȻ֪ʮһˣҲû˻뵽ʮһһ̨̤ڿУ
Щ̨֪˭Щͨˣȴȫѽһ˳ΪҪ¥ˣмоֻˣŵòֻڵϣһֱ۾ĵɴ۾пȥȷǵǲˣ˵ĻΪʲôûе
ѵĵӰһˣô·Ҳ϶ΪĵӰˣЩؾѵ˵ҲǼٵģǿǹЩؾǲ˿ϢƺǼٵİ
ѾкöˣʼϸѰſ˵Ƿи˿֮ˣ˰֮Ҳûҵģ
ǻ˲ֿʼƴȺѰӰ֮ģֻעֻùʲôҲ
ֻǾЩȻţ϶ĵӰΪĵӰĻôһĻ;ǳǵ֪ˣڿģ
ֻǲŹ鲻ţⲢ˶óֻſеˣȻ¼ܣ֮ǰ±Ϻ͸еǼ˶תߣ
ʱеʮһȴֻתͷЦһ£ʾԼû⣬õģ±߹ۿЩˣҾˣҲںΪ֪ǲᵣĵģԼֵһǷǳԼģ
ʮһٴһ˿еĵڶžǵĲʮһʮʮȴǾǵ̩ɽʯƽ˲һˣ
Щۿ֮ˣҲǿʮһҪ̩ɽʯȥģֻڳˣǮϵȷˮʦҲǲ֪ʮһҪʲôΪǶ֪ɫŵʲô
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ˣҪõĻþˣûҪȥˣϵĻ󣬷Զ֮˵
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ȷʵλһˣһһոձ˹עûõˣֻȻˣĺܶ飬ȴѾһ˿ԱȵˣҪ˶ãλ˾ͻΪҷˮ̩ˣǸп˵
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790 л֮
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ΪȷʵǽɷˣȴûзãǷ˾ãһҲ˵úһã


791 ֮
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793 ־ȼ
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ԭҪȥæǮϵԼѾվڳĵϣȫͣס˽ŲϵУֳһĨԾ
Żɫʱڲʮ߲һڣһλͻȻһѪɫ԰׵ʬһ㣡
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ߵǸ֣绰֪ͨҴ磬˵ķˮҪˣλȴҡҡ֣û˵ԼƣǴŴ˷ԸߵԻһֻС͵Ķ˿ߣ
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Ӵ绰֮ɫǱĸӵѿˣһֱȥԱߵλͬ˵һȻ˾ʹҴææˣûйǸѾ˵ߵʬ壡
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794 ӡ
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ԾڿеʮһڿƴʱҲ¶һ˿Цݣһһ³δʱþȫһ㣬ʮһ߶ȫеűסȥ
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һʯͷˮ˾ǿǳ׵ıʮһͭǮ֮УͼʮһͭǮ־Ȼɿˣ
ֻͭǮȻûȥץţȴԾڰƯţͺм͸ƵģرĹ棡
ʹֳĺܶһʱҵΧѾΧ˺ܶˣеǸڵϰ壬Ҳ׼ȡģҲһЩӹĿҲôһˣǱǵѽģ
Ϊ׵ǣھȦΧ˺üұýļߣ֧ӰDVϣ㵽ʵʱҪͨϵ߽⾳Ȧȴ˺ܶˣҲ޷Ϊ·߾ֱµģ
ϵĻеĹ֣˵Ǿִеķ·ˣ
ʱľҲѾӳ˺ܶĹһһŮӣӢˣüͷŰеʮһӰֹţ˵Ӱզôأ
ܶӣͱˣ˵˿ǸˣڸʲôûվŸոյû죬ȥʶȥŮӾʮһˣԵһλŮ󣬴Ȥ˵
СѾͷ֪ʲô˵ҵֻǸɣʱ򻹻ٴαߵģһоˣһȦ֮ͻصˣҲ֪ΪɶܰҵȥģԼͬһۣЩ˵
Դǰĸ׾ͨĴһʼΪҪԼȻȥԼأֻǺȴ֣ˣ׾ֻǵĲһط̫öѣ
ûѯʹĸԭֻÿһĸ׶йҪҪΪɣͰܹȥˣ
ۣܶӣϱ˻Ǹ˧أ˧ŶʱԱ֮ǰǸȤŮԶŵĽţԵĺܶͬкǲˬһеģŮԱٵĿھȻڿ˧
ͻհɣģǽ㻨յģһλŮԴһԶſпȥ
ĺ˧λŮһ£Сֹ˵
Ȼϳ˾һδȥĹصģǸĪİȫУϤУҪˣʶĹһĨЦݣֻЦԼע⣡
ߣ˵˼һأ㲻ҲǼ˧ЦƵģһԵŮȴǰЦǿ˧֮¶ģеЦˣ
ʱʮһ֪ĵΪʱоǰķϣΪģҪͭǮϴ÷ģǽˮֵϵвһ
ĿǰΪֹ֮ꪺͷɷһɵĿѾȫйˣЩڱֻΪԴûнѣ
еıѾȫ˳һһǽӡȻˮ֮һһĳ嵭Ҳ֮ǰΪʲôǱ߿ǲٽԭˣ
һĿҪɵʱʮһͻȻһּһģΪ˵ˣֻȴҲɵãֻɵĲνˣԺӡ֮ˣ⵽񱩵ķɣʹ侭ѿ
е˻˵һǱ˼񵽲С֮´򿪣Ǻ˱ˣһʮһһ㶼ģΪµÿһķӡǳ˿ԽÿģҪ⿪ӡҲҪƷʦſԣ
οϴǼõķǽһͼȥƽ⣬һڵģ
ΪЩӡȫھϰģ֮󳬺󣬶ЩĻһǳţ֣ӡ


795 ֮
ҵʦʦľȻӡ֪жǿʮһֲ²⣬ĲʦģпǳĴ
ʮһԺֱЩĵģʮһƷʦҲܻóΪÿһĶҪķǳ֮
ȻʮһûнƷʦǰĲ²⣬ƷʦӡľѾǺܲˣȴΪ;ԣڼԼĻָſѾߵˣ
ֻҲڵĻԼٴģҡҡͷ׵뷨ʮһһ£һԼڵĽ࣬ǰѾԼߵӡһͭǮ˵һжȴԼĿǰļˣ
֮֮Ʒ֮ӡ֮⡣ʮһĸһеͭǮһӣͭǮͱ˦˳ȥ
ʮһһʹڳ˶סˣͨ˻ǷˮʦǴĳһ
䣡
ֻǸʱ䲢ûкܶ࣬Ϊžһ˲ɵѭȥֻ۵ĳ¥¥ֻ춯뵽ʮһ˦ķ򣬼ϼǰʮһѯʣ˫֮¶һ˿Ȼɫ
ΪǱٽķ֪ˣԭʮһǽͭǮ˦ٽ֮УȻͬʱҲ̾Ϣһֱ˿ףʮһ⻯֮һЩʲô취
ֻϲ֪ǣʱˣ༸λȴǻʲôûпأλߣѾǺܺõˣ
һߵٽϣʱҲѾϽ˸ȦˣͭǮˮеʱٽȴһӰȻ֮ǰ̨ϵ֪ʲôʱȻѾˣ
ֻŷͭǮˮʱֱ˽ߵʯϣȻŷֱʧˣƺʯ֮ˣ
һ֮ת·ȥ˫ȴǿǸԼɼվڰ֮еӰȻھԭǸӰڻһӬ󣬵ǲ֪ΪΣһȴԵôĸߴ
ʱ˿̵ʮһȴѾȥȵ˷ӦʱʮһѾӰѾʧˣ
ϺǮϵ˼ʮһȥˣɵȫΧȥЩˮʦҲˣɣʱȫĽ㶼ʮһϣ
Сѣˮȫƽ𣿡ʮһһµһ㣬ϵ˺һӾΧȥʮһΧĽģȫͰ͵ĿʮһڴʮһĻش
ûУôףʮһĴһ䣬⣬ֻڵҲȷʵеۣһҪأ
ǻҪô죿ֱ˵ʮһĻشʹһ£ΪܸоʮһǺܸߣҶԼҲе㲻ӣзˮʦҲǸоˣԾеεʱǮȴǷˣ
ҪȥһˣĹؼڣʮһ˵ͷ˵
ǾֱȥǮϿ˵ЩˮʦбȽ˽ʮһˣɵʵ
ûãҪ̩ɽʯڵ·ȥһҪ·ĻûЧʮһҡҡͷĿ⿴ϣ˵Ҫȥ·֪±ǿյģ߾
û⣬Ȼ˵ĵ߱ˣֻΪ̫ˣھȥϵ˵ͷ׼תͷȥҵϵʱȴѾ߹ߣ
ˣѾ˿ˣֱȥˣ϶ת˵
Ǿʹ·ɣ˵Ǯϣ˵ʶһλߣȴʶϵ˱ģֻҲΪʶŻôĲӣԭܼ򵥣Ǵķ潲кУǱ˴˿϶ԷģȻˮʦҲˣ
иҪһǣǮϿ˵˸ŵľ⣬ʮһѾǵƵģ
ǺǣãζĿһǮϣȴȥ
ˣڼ˿Ҫվʱ˻ߵʮһ˵һ䣡
ҵѾͷҶк𣿡ȴ֪ҲǸŵһλߣȴǶ˵
үүȻǴкˣֻǱȴûʲô仯ҲõĺϺǸˣ
˸ŵһ·վﱻˣԴʱû˵ģʮһֱǰţߵһСʿͤʱͣΪϷ̩ɽʯˣ


796 ɻ֮
Ŵ򿪰ɣҪҵĶߣʮһһһλƹԱ˵
ҵ˽˵ģȻ߷ˣȨ˽Դǵĵ̵ģֻǡλӱ˵һеûģʱԼڸǴ򿪣ҲòȡһЩøУȴ֪е̲ˣδ˵꣬ͱϴˣ
ôϻܲܿܿһȥϺǲͷ˵תͷŵϣĵļ˵Ǹʲô⣿ز֪𣿡
˵Ļ󣬺ܶ˶סˣ˵˵Ļǻ⣬ǶԵϣǿϵĶͷ˾Ҳôţǻǵһο
ǣһ֮С¶첻ãֻǵΪߵ𣿡ǮҲǲ֮ϬʹڳĺܶˮʦǱŵˣ϶סˣ
ôҲǻ᳤òãôһӶأȴ֪ȴһ㶼ֻЩεĿһۣͿǸ˵ϻҲ˵ˣڿŰɣ
ǣλӴʱͷ϶ѾǼˣһ߿ţһȴţҲû˵ǿŰһҪƵģ
ʵԭ뷨Ҳ˵Ͼ˶ΪԼģҲֻſ԰Լܹõ󻯣ֻȴǷǳģûзʱ
Ŵ򿪵һ˲䣬пε˶ǲɵõһʲôʿ갡ǵ
⣬⡣ڿʿߵһĻʱȴѾŵ˵ˣֻĲͣʵ˵ôܵģ
ˣԳȥˣҲǿΣ˻־뿪ˣһԵĺȴǶŸŽһؾͷȻؾǰ˴ˣ
ҪֻһЩ黹Ҫúõ̸һµģ˵㶼ʲôˣû֮ģ
ȻֳһƬţһĳţҪ಻õģƶᱻѹȵಡˣ
ⶼЩʲôȴ˳ţʳеɻ
ʮһûֱӻشϵ⣬߽˵ڣϼʮһĶ֮ҲҪһȥȴǱʮһֹˣվǱ𶯣Ƕɻ֮аһƽֻ֮ҵģ
ʮһĻֱӣҪǻһνţˣʮһ仰󣬿϶ֱӱˣѾƲ˭أ
ȴûбֳκεĲˣֱӾվԭأôĿʮһߣ
孵ɻһֺܹϵǵĹк֮ܶͬȴֱȹӵа񣡡˿̵ʮһһѧһ㣬˵
ڴʱʿڣ֮ϹͷкܶѾǱˣҲвֻǸɿݵǻƤϱߣҲôʵģԿɢŶζѪˮԽٻ
Щͷм䣬СмϣһѶ孵ʿŵһò֪ʲôɵһ̵Ķȴǵһ֧ܶഥģһĹ
ǡҲǿˣɵþΪѾ뵽ʲô
Ƕ孵ޣߣʮһ˵ͷת˵ķˮΪҪһ㣬Ҳֱһ㣡
˵ҲˣʿŵҶȴŰߣΧʮСͷؼģҲаģаǶ孵ɻ֮УΪ
ִҾ֪ˣרһĵһаֻΪаѾˣû뵽쾹ȻּˣʮһҲΪп˵
˵ͷСӵģʮСʮһĵģȴͻȻʵ
ǵģʮһ̧ͷһɽװߣĻһ֣
ܣҪʧôСӣǲ֪ܲģȴǷǳɴ˵֮ǲŵɫ
ǣ㲻֪أʮһȴЦһ˿ӣ˵֪˭֪ˣʮһƢòˬˣòӶǲӣ
ô˵أʱԵһȴǰһվеǹ;׼׼ʮһ
飡ֻ⾯ĻŸո£ͱ˴˳ȥǺ滹кܶˮʦסˣ¾ҪˤԶˣֻǾһ£Ҳ³һѪȻ˲ˣ


797 о
ڿ֮ǰվĵطȴǷǸһֱĮԹŮȴվȥȭͷŸոջأȻղһ¾ģ
һ˶ˣȻ֪˭ͷܴǹģǾǴͷİŮ˵˴˾͸ˣδе̫˰ɣ
ʱȴǲϵƣҪȴǱָסˣûµģȳȥһưɣ
⺢̫嶯ˣתȴһĿ˵
ʮһҲû뵽ôֱӣߵĶԷļȻź˵ν߻ʵԶ˵ģÿ춪ʧĶͯж٣ЩݣӦûһСһ֪ĸ
˵仰ʮһתϣ˵λһ㣬Լʮ׵ľͿˣ
ԭʮһ˵ĻľУʮһĻ󣬷ӳһ֮󣬱ȫʮһ˵ˣȫͣʮ׵ľ봦
˾ס˺ȫĿ⿴ʮһΪ֪ʮһҪˣôĹۿ붼һֵü飬мƷʦƷʦܾõķˮʦϵļɫƣ
ΪѾ̫ˣղŹۿʮһ͸оǺܾõƿ·ôһɶˣڿԸӽĹۿƽ
ʮһվλãһڻָƺˣԭյ˫ͻȻֻųչ˫΢һ㣬ȻȻһָϷȥͬʱ䣬ҲһָϷȥ
ָʱʮһԭ΢ŵҲһӱıֱʱ˸оһɾǿаϢͻȻʿɢʮһͺֱײ˹ȥ
ƣ
ֻʮһаϢȴûһ˿һĻңһһ˾еĸоǹǰһ뻹׵аϢ͸һȲƵģֱӱʮһ˿
ߣӣʮһ˵һ䣬˫ֽӡϷȥʮһƵĳµĴȴһεĲͺҪһƵģֻǻ˷Ӧֹͣ˲
쿴Ǳй⣡
ǱҲУö⣡
һġ߰ˣһǰ˵⣡
ȫǺǰľסˣΪǵǰʮһΪģ뾶ҵӣͻȻ˰âÿһⶼǳֵİɫ˵ǴϷͻȻֵģ
ͼȴǿ˵˵һ䣡
ԷΪԽҫһģɱʮһǴ˵ֻԼȴ֪ΪģԼѾ˵ˣֻʲôЩһӵĻΪԼСأ
Ȼһȷʵǲ˽ˣȴΪС¶ΪھĻЩˣΪʹõĿھ󷨣ɵģ
ʮһ£ǰâͻȻ䷢һ۵ĹԣԭǺº͵ģȴһӱĽ˲ֱˣܶ˶Ƿ׷ױ۾ȥڵһ£
ֻǵȵǻָٿȥʱȴȫãŵϴŵĶԷŽһȭͷȥ
Ϊʱ˿̣ǵǰﻹǰâӰӣһƬһĹĻʮһӰҲǱĻУ
ô£ôһƬˣ
ǰʦҲˣ
ɵʦ϶ǱĻΧ˰
˵ɵأ
ڶˮʦ۷׷ףΪΨһһûб۾Ҳûȥڵˣ˵ˣƬĻŪģ˾ƬĻߣȻϷҲ֪ô£ҿԸоûʲôΣգ
ȥĻˣ
Ķˣ
ֻǶڵϵĻȴûмȥмѾ֪ʮһԲз۵ķˮʦ͵͵İһ۵ϣиţ˵ĻʦŪģʦȻΣˣ㿴ԼŪ󷨰Լߵ𣿡
ҲãʱƬĻȴͻȻ俪ʼԼһ˵עһͻȻıʣʹðڵ˶סˣôԼأ
ǮϿһĻļĲΣˮƲʮһҲ£ȻĻʦֺһһоͶæˣ


798 үڴ
ʱеǼСľڣһȴҲڿ﷢һУ
ͽֶλǶడȻ뵽ðǰµľ֣һʳⶫа򵥰򵥣Ǯϵʦ֣ҲǵٿʮһΧڹĻ֮УҹĻʼʱ˵ġ
ҲֻǼ˸ͽܶѣһȴ΢΢һЦǫ˵
ҺˣΪʲôûпСڻɾأ֪ʱ͸ռһˣĻǲǾҵͽˣһԾɾһֵֻİüȴ̾Ϣһ˵
ע˲ģٱԹҲͽͣհһ۰ü˵һ
ֻˣϽ壬ⶼѾˣһ㶼СʱˣͲһˣĥʲôأüҲǺûзȵ
ɵΪһӾˣҲųٳٲأȴǿ׳ƵĿŰü˵һðüץĻ
壬һʥĴһӾȻҲǼ˵İУǺټģ
˿֮Ļ棬֮ĶԻһģˣһλǶ̩ﰡеķˮʦжϵģ˱ȻҲƷʦ۵λȴҪ϶ôһأ
οƷʦ֮ĲҲǷǳģΪˮʦƷʦҲ̤ʦ֮֮ÿһ綼ǷǰкƷģ϶һƷǰڣ
ֻǿϧǣע˿λߵһĻ
ʱڹĻİ֮еʮһ˫ڷĽӡÿһӡĴɫĸӵĲ԰׼֣
ߵǮϵˣʱƣƬĻƺԽԽСƣȴʲôҲˣֻվ￴ţҲļ飡
ио֮˵ƺҲеˣɵС˵ϴʲô¶ԼĴ㣬һ޵Уûκεϴ󣡡
еĻԭеȴǽƽ֮ȴٶȱһɽһ㣡
ৣ
˶ڵĵʱһӰٶȼĴ˵߷ɹڵзˮʦûпǷɹȥİӰʲôֻие˫֮һ˿˼ɣȻͬû壬ǣֱ֪ʲô
ݣ
ڹĻŬĽһӡʮһȴͻȻһϤĽתͷȥȴǷһֻƴССվԼǰǱԼеĨ裡
ʮһڿĨͻȻȾϲɻʱȴǿĨһ˵ļϣվֻǰצԼͷϣͺץԼͷվƵģ
ֻʮһȴ֪ģΪСһֻǰצϣһɼǿֱӾԼӿԼӡ˫֣
ļ룬ʮһ˫һӡҲǳ׵ˣֻӡµһ˲䣬ΧеĹĻһȴȻսٶ֮죬ʹǮϵ˾쳣
ϸʶľҪֻȴָ޴֣ΪǹĻǸͽȥֻǸղȴĿǵɫӰӽȥģѵ˵ǵɫӰӵʵȵϻҪǿɣ
һģһǵɫӰӲԲſԽȥģ
ĻСոպýʿԼʮһȥʱֹͣСֻȴҲɢȥһֱƾô취Ҳǽȥ
Ĩ軹С죿Ļ֮ڣʮһסĨ裬Сʵ
ļһ㷢ô˼ôһ֣үҪˣʮһԺ֮УһŵС
С죬˰̫ˣʮһȴֱӺԵС컰еĲţĵ˵
𱧵үôʱû٣СȴǺܲ˵
ʲô˼ʲôʱû٣㲻Ҫ˰ɣʮһŵĿСʵ
ޣүģСȴǺܲˬӣʮһڻеСצӸԵĻ£ͺҪʮһƵģ˵үһǸպȻȽ˹
ҾҪٴγ˯ˣСҪٸҰһ£үʱһ˺㣬ЩͨҪˣûãҪΪĻָкô
ҪʵûǮĻ͸һģѾػɽҷŽȥҲУǲ㶼ģһһ˿Ϊʵȫʢʱڵİٷ֮ʮŻﵽģ


799 С
СĻ˵úܿ죬ƺǺܸʱһ㣡
ҿûЦɣܹģôõİ㲻֪ϴһöڵİȫҵһҲûôǮİһҪɽǷ𣿡ʮһ̲ס²۵һСڱ
ôϻǮ֮үҾʹںҳһͿ԰겻ʹˣɽԼȥҰɣҪ߶еĻүҲָĿһ㣬һԤУһνѿҪˣС첻м˵ΪֻĴ۾Ϸһ£Իӣ
ˣ㿴ܲܽʮһͻȻһ£С˼ϣ˫ɽͼ
Ǵĵõȱ֮˵ΪѾÿֲˣѾԺүȫʢʱˣСɽͼʱֻ۾ɵĸˣǳԾǿŵ˵
˭㵱ίˣ˵ܲܽȥʮһ˫һ˵
Ȼԣүļ֮£ߵով߱ε飬ɳٶȻӵĿһЩСȴٴηǳԻĵ˵ͷ˫צһţɽͼ֮У
סˣһҪӿʵٶȣȻĻҲүˣСȥ֮ǰʮһԺȴٴδСһ仰
С仰ʮһ˺þãСȻô˵ѾѾ֪ʲô֮ǰС˵ģоѿʲô˼أѵ֮йϵ
Ψһ֪һǣС˵´οûмĻˣָСĨ裡
ֻǣǷʲôѣԼĹϵΪҪߵǶأǷˮ绹ѧ磬кܶţʿҲֲԼȥܣԣʮһһûȻ֮󣬱ҡҡͷȻ˫ξʧˣ
ȵʮһӰٴγֵʱȴѾ˹Ļ֮⣬һżӣʮһ˻δӦʱִ˸ָһӵ˹Ļ֮ϣĻʧˣ
СӣǴܳģǮȷӳ˹һʮһʵ
ʱˣҲǷӦˣʮһˣǹĻҲʧˣɵ÷׷׿ʮһ
ˣ߳£ʮһ¶һƴЦݣߵ
ʮһô˵ǮϵҲûټ׷ʣ֪ʮһǲ˵ֻȴҲȫ˻еһ˼
Сѣ˵ȫˣϲŵʵ
ȻˣȻҲͲˣֻҪֱӽϱߵǰꪸͿˣʮһƲһ죬һⲻǷϻ𣿸Գôܻн˵⣡
ɪ˵һĹĻô£˻᳤һ£Ǯϵһʮһڽѵʮһ˭ó԰ڣ
ʵģǹĻǴ֮ǰǰѣֻһЩʦŵʹһСϷСϷʮһȻĸоۣҲ֪ǮԼأҲֻü򵥵˵һ£ϾЩĲ˵
ǲ֪ʦǺʱˮֵĹؼ֮µأѵ׼ʱѾһ𣿡ҲǴˣʮһѯŵ
ʵ˵ʱûпµ쳣ֻȴǾﲻԶѣµķˮϣҺҵֵܣС㣬׼һЩʱС꣡ʮһ΢΢ЦЦʼֻ˵һȴͻȻоڵħ궯ļ󣬲ɵüæͣ˫ۣڵȥѹ
Сôˣλ߻࿴һۣԭΪʮһһֱ˵ȥȴû뵽ʮһȻͣסˣɵЩ£ѵ˵йϵɣ
ңҲ֪ʲô˼ϱ˿Σɵÿһ˵һĿ⿴͸У
ֻעڶʲôҲòǲض˵˵Ŀ⣬ԭģֻҲ֪ʮһ˵ʲôϵԿ˿ֻǺٺһЦ
ЦƨʲôϵǮһɣǲˬӣʵǱҪѯʮһģֻǿʮһֱӾǱ۾ʹǲ˼ֱѯʡ
ȻйϵˣֻǻشǵȴǸУǸոѹסħʮһ
ʲôϵ˼ͬʵ
ô򵥵ĵڣ滹ҹټ꣬˿϶ٰ︽ˣʮһһ˵ţƺЩô򵥵ĵ֪ǲƵģ


800 ˭գ
ȻʮһҲѾɱ˵飬˵ڵʱֵϼûʲôˣҲſԺܺõȥܵ䶯ҲſԲµ쳣
ֻǣʮһⷬ˵ֳ֮ȻһƬţһĳţ˶ǳԾƺʲôŵƵģ
һǱ˵ԼԸܵı仯ˣ̫Сֵˣ֪ԼţҲٱֵĵһ㰡ʹԼܺߵģ
ʮһҡҡͷתȥˣȴֻһ˸ţڸоȻҲڷһºʮһһ¸еļŽѣ˾׼뿪ˣ
Сѣһ£ֻǾʮһû߼ʱȴǴϵĺ
ϣʲô𣿡ʮһͣ½Ųתͷʵ
֪Сѿɷʱһ£ϷмҪ̸һ£ֱӹϵ˵
ƥҪʲôʮһзˮЭһԱһӵĹŵӣ㻹Ҫһӵͽܲɣ˵ƥôģֻǻʮһκλش𣬾ִһŭÿ֪˭ˣ
ֳôУʵƢô˵ģҲֻǮˣ
жԶԶСҪ̸û뷨ڵ˱ҾͲ֪ˣ˵ʮһˣֻȴѵ˱ϸˣ
Ҹû뷨ˣһǰİͽǸȥοټϵǰʮҲҰȻ˵ţ˫֮вľ⣬ȴѾһ仰ȴֱӰǮ˵סˣͺƱʩ˶һ㣡
ʲô˼ǮϵͳȥƽӣֻֻҪ˽˾ͻ֪ű˵ʱ򲢲һģǵıʱ򣬲ʱ
˼ҲҴʦⰡ̫ˣʲô˼ȴǺǺһЦװ˵
ô˵㣬ʲô˼Ҷֻϣ㣬ҪԷ٣Ǯһһ仰зˮЭ뿪ˣ
༸λߣȻ֪ǮϺ͵֮ڴʲôգǿǮϵı飬ҲǺ֪Ǯ֮һ뿪ϣ١ϺͶϣ
ʼգǮ뿪Ǿ仰Ͼһֱ΢Цû˵ȫ뿪֮󣬶źϵ˵ͷҲ뿪ˣ˭Ҳ֪ȥˣ
Сѣºȱ裬ҽȥȡȥʮһһ·ڽķӣкǱϺίľ֮ˣ
ҵǣкҲں˾ԺǰҲôһǧС㣬ȴһô⣬˭Ǳ߿һ۵ģ
нһСׯסĴֻʣ˺Сˣ󲿷ֵ˶ѾǳȥˣԼܱߵĳ˷ӣȥסˣ
Զ˵ĵûģ
ʮһʮһϼĿһߵȴϻһҪԼʲôʱзˮЭСľڣλȴһ
Ǹϼһ￴Ѿ֪ǵļƻˣǰü˵Ļ
֪ҲνûȥĲ֪նǰĲ豭Сһ֮˵
İɣ֪ҵļƻ֮еģҪ֪ˣȵʱ򣬲ŻĽȫڽˣһȴ΢΢һЦг˵
գպͰüͬʱһ˵
ֻȨıѣһȴҲ˵һ䣬Ҳ֪ǽֻͣ˵

ʱʮһѾϵլһˣֻȴһţϽԱߵķѾþˣûгʮһϲẦԼ綼Ŷˣ
ʮһȵΪģҪɳ˯˵ʱҲŶˣ
춯ʮһæվϿȥȴǷֲ֪ʱȻһۣһϴѾЩ˵ģǿܹóɫĳۣ˫֮лһɫСӣȥľͷģ
ľӾҪģϾֱʮһ˫ֺصǸľУݵʮһǰ
ϣ֪ǣʮһҲֱӾǽ˹Ȼˣװе̫ˣ
ֻϵĻشȴʹʮһӶסˣֻϻشϷҲ֪ʲô


801 Ǯϵ鷳
ҵʦµģҲ֪װʲôϿʮһסˣɵָһ䣡
ϵʦģʮһʵⲻ˵ϵʦѾ뿪ܾ
ǵģʦ뿪ʱµģ˵Ǹլķˮ֣ܹƵ֮˾Ͱľ͸Ѿʮˣϵ˵ͷɫ¶֮ɫ
ʮϾû򿪹ӿʮһʶһ䣬ֻͺˣž仰лƷɣ̧ͷҲ濴һķŭ֮ɫ
ʲô˼ڻϷƷ𣿡Ϸŭӣһɫ˵
ϣ𼤶ûǸ˼ֻװʲôѣûҪ˼ʮһҲǼæͣΪûǸ˼ֻǷʶһ䣡
װʲôҲĺϣҲˣһС͵ľ󣬶ľͷľģټʦµģ϶һöϵҲû̫ھʮһǾ仰ǿʮһеľ˵
һȥլķˮҲʦ˼֮ǰģ˵ʮҴȥˮжȷǸˣͰľӽȻҲ֪ʦôʲô⣬ΪʦĵӣȥִУϵı࣬˵Ļʹʮһסˣ
ǲ֪ʦľеʱ򣬿ɻʲôʮһҲɫʵ
ûˣʦľһԭ򣬲ԺʲôҪģܷԸһֻҪΪ˵ģұضȫȥҡҡͷϿҵ˵
ˣСھʹ򿪺ӣһһ֮װʲôʮһЦЦ˵׼ֱӴ򿪺ӡ
ľлһ˵ʱΪã֮⣬κ˶俴ȴһ죬ֹʮһľٶ֣أ
ʮһݱ뿪ʱѾˣǸľôһֱóˣֻʣڵˣɵóʵһһ˶ˣ
绰ʮһ֮վ˵֣
ʮһԼԴʶ֮󣬶һµļܣǾǿԴ˵֮в³˵Ļ
ǣʮһó绰д˹ȥ֮ͨǱߺܳӣ˵˼仰֮󣬾͹Ҷˣ
ԭȥȡˣýװˣ
лҪһأֱӻˣأʮһʵ
һ𣡡Ļشܼ̣Ҳûκεԥʮһʳʱ򣬵һʱͻشˣ
ȱŻشλص֮󣬾ҪһȥˣΪҪȥѰҵŮѣ·;֮Ҳ֪᲻ΣգΪһҪһӶ֯ԵĻһֱǣʮһҡҡͷ˵ԼĴ㣬˵ҪӶ֯ʱ˫֮ɱӿ
£Ҳ֪ûȥʮһĻʮһ˵֮ͻشˣ
ˣʮһҪ˵ʲôʱȴͻȻգŴ۾ʮһһ˲䣬ʮһȻϿһ˿СŮ
ʲô㣡ʮһЦʵ
У˵һúܶ˶ͷ۵Ļش
ֻʮһûüͷۣͽӵһ绰ʾ֮ʮһɵһ£֮ͨ󣬡ϣ
ңڵˣ绰ϵԵЩС
һϼſأʲô𣿡ʮһʵ
ң绰ֻǴϵһ仰绰͹ҶˣʮһûӦôµʱ򣬾ͿϼҵƿˣϾͼҴҵ߳ˣֻ֮ǰǼȴѾ·
ûĻȥһã﷢˵飡ϼҴҵߵʮһԣ¾׼Ŷߣ
ȿȣϣ׼أǱ߷ʲôˣʮһԥһ£ǿһƺĶƵģ벻ȥķʲô飬ҲĸԼĹϵ
УʲôأǮзˮЭЩԱȫأ鷳Եر죬˵Ļȴʹʮһһ
ô£ʮһżʵ
ϳ߱˵ϲûֱӻش𣬶ÿר򿪳֮˳
Ҫȥһˣʮһ˵
һ𣡡Ļشôļ̣ôֱӣȻһʮһʾϳ


802 
˳֮ʮһٴζʵϣǷʲôˣ
ġϼ򵥵Ľ뿪֮˵һ飡
ԭ֮ǮϺϵԭҲҪ뿪ģǲŸûͱ˸˻ȥԭ֮ǰϵɳȥȥõˣһЩ
ǸʱҪʮһȡǸ˸ǮϺǴ绰˭֪ǮϺڸϵʱǸǴ绰ѾˣɵǣʼֻˣȻţϾٴνȥˣżʵҲǿ߽ȥ
ȻìܾͲˣŵȥǼˣһҧǮϺɱˣϺ١Ҳ˹ȥƾѾˣ
ֻǣϺ١Ȼˣȴֱվ˵ıߣȲ˵ǱǮʵߣһϣƷʦѾܱȵˣ
١͵͵ĸϷһϢô˵ҲзˮЭôʱˣݵλҲͦߵģӦûǿԽģ
ϵĻʮһüͷ˵ˣճģǮϺкܴĿǱݺģݺˣĻ֮ȥĵϺŵЩˡ
뵽ʮһתͷȥȴǷҲڿڿʮһתͷ֮ĵ˵ͷȻѾϿʮһе뷨
֪ΪʲôǻǸʲôģʮһѾͷˣҲʳеʡӦǶ֪һЩģ
ʵ˵ҲԹңҺǮϵĹϵ֪һȥģֻôҲû뵽˱ǰϵϣҲҡҡͷ֮ƺʲô֮
˵ĵطзˮʦҲ⣬˱ڳΪеĻ᳤֮ǰǮҺϣǶǺҪõѣʱĸһһȥ̽գһŴĹأֻǸʱ˶ֻƷʦʵѣȴʬ
Ǳѡܣܵ;ɢˣֻǵʱǲûע⵽òӳʱȴǷһˣֻˣٵǸϵˣ
ҲΪʬʵǽƣˣڼʱҲȷʵǺˣһ£ȥҾȱ
Һõǣҵȱʱϵ˻ţԭǶһڹײˣֻǴԺȻϿȥûʲô仯Ǻ֮仹ǽرˣ
׾ѣʵӦǴӲϼµʱɣ˵ʱͣסˣΪѾǵˣ
һ·ֱõʮ߲㣬ݸմ򿪣˾֪ļ䷿ˣΪʱſѾΧ˺ܶˣȫǸˮӵĶԱ
ʦϣ˵ĵԭڽĲ֪ô֣æӭ֪Ϊʲôʮһˣ֣һӾƽ
ʲôˣǻƽʱʮһܻҪ֣䣬ȴû飬Ҳûʱȥˣֱ˵ľʳ⡣
Ҳ֪ǮϻǼλأŵĲǽȥ֣ʮһĻһ£Щεָһ£ʱվſڵˣˣ
֪ˣʮһӦһſȥϺ
ﲻֻܽʮһŸߵſڣӱһ߰˵ʱķˮʦҲǿʮһˣ׷վߣзˮЭ۴ӵԱֱӵľվʮһ˵ԣ֮䣬ѾǽʮһĹǣ
ӵĻʮһֻǻش˶Էһֻ֣һ֣ڴʱ˿̣ȴǴʮһзˮʦ˵Ļ
߹ӣȻôţǣɵþܵսһۣȻܲҪһʮһˣ
ֻǶóȻ͵ϮԼӣʮһȴ޶ã⹥ҪԼʱ򣬴һһƷ磬ӵĹȻ˾ˤ˳ȥײϣſŰѾˤ˷ڣ
СѣôҲϷأˤɳȥʱε
ôأСⲻ֪𣿡ʮһЦ˵ȥղ֮Իô˵Ϊʮһ˳ֶûκζǳһ֣


803 ̫
ǴǮϵϣǴϸոսʦĶʮһⶼһֵģһ̣ʮһǵԼûг֣͵͵һ֣ʾҲҪ֣
ҲΪʮһǸССĶŻô˵ģֻô˵ͬʱϵоȻһ˿οȶǲʶģҲ˵޹أ
ΣΪԼʦ϶˵ˣ˵ʲôҲҪάģΪģֻΪʦǶʦͽǱҪôģ
ţʦпڽӵʱ򣬾Ѿ㵽˺ܶ࣬ľоһźţԼͽܵģҪúýأ
ʮһŷȥҲǵһʱ͸˽ȥʮһһҪǳʲô⣬Щ˵ʵȻܶû֪ÿһ˶вսģ
˭ȻҴǵˣʮһ˸һ߽䣬ſһȥҲʮϸ˱ʵ
ϷŵĹʮһϾǰ쳣Ĵվ˳ȵ
һ˭أԭƥ򰡣ôģɱ˰Ҳйϵֻţȴ˱Ҫţֻʱķڳ˸ոսȥʮһˣʮһˣ
һ˰վλȴֳַʶߵվλһǮϺϣԼϺ١ϣ
߸һǵϺ͸ղ˵ǸϸˣԼһŮӦöѾ˻֮ˣϻҪŵһλɽߣ
ߣɥ֮ȮԼϴȻӵȥ첻ȥ𣿡ڿ˵֮˭ʱһҲǸӵĺת˱۾˵˵ĵ߶Ҫ𣿡
̫񣬻ΪǵʦͷѾ֪ȥˣڵзˮЭǵϵңοѾйزˣڻɱ˰йϵλȽϵɽͷٴ˵ֻȥȴЩϸЩС˵־ӣ
ʼգ˱û˵ƺǲ֪˵ʲôã
ʮһȴѹûЩˣֱһԵǮϺȥΪֶƺˣ
СôˣϽߣûǵ飡Ǯϵʮһ˵֮кǽ
ߣߣȻ˾Ͷͬһ߰ɣ˵λɽߣһӣ⼸ߣ˵֮⣬ȻֱӾǽʮһ˸Χ
˵ɱˣ֪ʲô֤𣿡ʮһλɽߵĻǮϳ֣ʾģվɽʵ
ᰡ˵ɱǾɱģҪκɣһҪһҾ͸һɣΪʮǰǮлˣ𽻹നȵԶ磬ʹǵĴɳ𣿡Ǽ֮Уƺɽϴһֱ˵
˵⻰Ҫ𣿵߸ΪʲôϵģʦǺģǻпܻ뿪Ŀϴôģǲ֪ΪҪԼԲõأϣԻպúõһĭ˳ȥ˵
ƾô˵Ƕɽߺ޺޵˵
Ҳ˵ǱҪ𣿡ʮһȴ΢΢Цţͺں죬ҪʲôƵ˵
ܴ˵ĺܶԣɽߵͷ˵
ǲ֪Ҳûʲô취أʮһʵ
Ǿ͹ӿһɽĻţʱе˶ǽĿʮһ
ǺǣҵǾûһ취ҿԲһԴǮϺϵ˰Ȼ뿪ȴֻʮһȴǺǺһЦȻЦ˶ɻʮһ˵İ취ʲôʱ
ȴǼʮһͻȻ䶯ˣֻ⶯ǰȥһΪʮһҪ·ʱֻʮһ˫ͻȻٵĽһӡ
ٱߣʮһ촽΢ţĸ־Ǻ˳ȥȻĹɲͬѹƣǵһ㣬ɽߵλȥΨû˱
ɽԵļλߣԭһССƷʦȻƷʦͬʱ֣еЩЦֻЦݲûάֳӣǾ͸оˣǹļµĿֲƣ
ִ֮䣬ɽλߣǼæӭУȻʹ˶ƷʦʵҲие͵ģʮһʽô׽ӵסģοʮһһ־Ǿԣ


804 ۵
ʮһھԺʱҲǶʱͿˣеǱͿˣԭΪƽǹŪķˮ֣ڵѾٿݽߵıԵˣ⼸Сʱò׻ָأ
ֻǿɽλ֮УֻһˣԼľԣȻָƵˣʮһɫҲֱӾͳһ죬ֱӾǽл˳лһ˲䣬ֱһƬֱӾǽУ
㵽˭ȻȻӵлɽڿʮһелʱͶʱŴϴԼͬѾˣ
ˣȥȥɣʮһһһл˵壬Ϊлһ꣡
ʮһһȣʱһɭĹл̼һӵӰʮһĿŶɽλߣ
СӣĪҪţΪлͿԺ޼ѵΪƾһĹ˧ͿԾȵ𣿡ɽʮһȻҶԼôǿӲɵþúûӣȻлǼɵڿֻгһ˧֮󣬱
أȴڴʱǰһվʮһԣǮϺ϶Ҳǻߵʮһԣ
ҪѷˮЭ𣿡˱ֱ˿̲˵ˣϽȥ޹أ
˱ĪҪ˵ˣ֪ҲҪģ˭ﶼ֮ԻӦеķˮЭڣҪΪʦһַģനҲжȴǿɬҡҡͷŵ˱˵
֪Ϊʲô˵ĺǣ֪ߵ죬϶һЩʲôҵΪôɲм˱ƺǱϵĻ̼һ㣬֮ǰǰƽȻе˻ӣ
ϻ˵Ҫ־Ͷ֣Ǹ㶯һڶѣǮȴ˱ĻֱӾʹ˶ԷĻ
ǣǮл㲻öüҽǲֵģֻҪҲǼضҪҳ˵ĻʦǾɳˣô˵Ҳʦ֮ˣ򻹲֪Ϊ𣿡˱ȴǮϵĻЦˣȻһĿǮϣ
Ǯϣ˱ĻɫΪĿȷʵԷ˵Ҫõ˱ֻ֣Ҫ˱һ֣ôһӻʦֵգпܻϹһмĿܻһϹ
ֻҪλһλôֶǻ׾ٵľͽ⿪ˣֻǰλ˭Ҳ˵ĻôʮһеһƷʦټǸʮһٻĹ˧ԼҲǿƷѣ
Ƕذô㶼ǳԿǡ
Ǯ뵽ɵýĿ⿴һߵĶϺ١ϣֻ뵽ģ˱벻أ
ֻ˱˵ϣ١ϣλʲô֮ǰҪذǻôĵأһʲô⣬زȥùңǺܿϧ
˱ĻǮϻ١ϣϽ¶һ֮ɫǶ֪˱ѾҪˣȴû뵽ȻѾ޳ܲҪ̶ֳȣ
ԲˣҲľӢȫ١϶ǮϺʮһ˵һ䣬дŲΣ
Ȼû˵ʲôϵıҲ˵̬ȣϾֻһ˵Ļܻ᲻ںǾ˱˵ģǻôأĻţЩҲ߲Ƭؽ磡
õǸģʮһȴ΢΢һЦǿ˵뷨زѾֻΪԼˣ
ǮϣϣǶλˣʮһֽһ㵵λ߰һԵλϣת˵ϰס̫̫Σ
ʮһ˵̫̫˵һģϵʵסʵͱһģ˵ƷʦӦûǿõģ
Ȼ֪ʮһҪʲôסôˣԼǿõģʮһĻ֮Ͽ̫̫˵ȫû⣬һ㣡
ϵĻʮһûЦû뵽ϻôĬȤһ棬һֽŵʱ
ʹɣһᱻһģ۵ǮҲǼһȻȥϣȴ̫̫һˮˣ


805 ʵ
Ҫɱ㣡λһϸһͱϹȥˣϼ״ҲҵһС﷭˴ϵĿɾͲһˣ
ãҲȥеģҵһʰˣɽһϸ˵תͷһ˵ĵܣҲȥٶʰƥſ˽Ҿˣ
壬һֻһʰмĸ¾ȥǣɽʼԸˣò˵ǶԵģֻһ˵ģ
ɽ£Ǹ׼ϳȥаҪŰʱбһӰȴǳ˳ȥֱӾӭģһע£ȻǱĵ
˿ȥʱ򣬷־ȻǸһֱʮһߣ˵ɽŮӣֻ˫иһźذףĮĿأ
ѾͷңȻͻȻܳŮӵսǶڱһŮˣкǲ⣬úܶӣںһ󣬱˹ȥ
ɽߺȴǽضʮһһһʮһҲǱߵǮϺˣ
һ꣬ȥʮһ䣬ֱӷ˳ȥڳʱѾ˵ǰȻҪһ
֪ɽǲм˵һ֣׼ֶΣֱɱ˧
ֻʮһԸֻٴδһָлϺڹʢ̼һŵĹлƮͽɽλΧУЩķɳʵȻһһţ
浱лֻǸ費ɣʮһǲмһ䣬ֱֻӾǽлǰ˫ֽһӡǴлϣһл֮
飡
ʮһĺ£һըѭȥŰɽλӵĹһը
ֻûǣһըУһҽʮһȴǲҲֻ֪һը֮ʮһһǰ˾˹Χ֮У
ħָʮһ׼ɽߣһָȥʱһħ˳ʮһָӿɽ徭
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ɽҲû뵽ͻȻôһĻĪ˵֮أȴ뵽ͻȻǰĹһ󲨶ԼǰͳһӰԼӦô£Ǹоؿڱһ£
տʼΪ⣬ֻգۼ͸о֮УƺܵһİʴҾȻ̼ѾӵԼĵ︽ˣ˲ڵľ⵽ƻһѪ˳˲ήȥֱһ̲һ㵹˵ϣ
ʮһʱҲܣħָ򲻵ѣǲõģΪһ˫нֻǴʱȴûбİ취
ʮһֱӾ뻳һŷУֱӾǳźսһһλ߰ȥ
飡
λ߻֪ԼѾأֱڵϻ֪ʲôأֻ֪Լ͹˧أͺʲôˣű򵽵ĵطǳһѪȻһ˷ǳǿƵ˳˿ڣԼľڣƻԼľ
Ȼ˾Ѿſڵˣ
Χȴȫ֪淢һЩʲô飬˱Ҳǲ֪
ʮһٴһӡͽܵĹսл֮УãΪѾٴһˣҪǻָĿһЩ綼ˣ
ֻǵȫʮһĹʧʱ˿֮ʱȫǲɵסˣ
ֻȻסˣȴҲ˻ϲǣϲȻǮϵˣϿǰθһӳ˷ܼƵģϵĹƸӵˣ
ǵǵ˱Լ⼸ˣΪɢȥʱ滹վŵֻһһǹ˾ʮһˣذ϶ͷɽ˭
ʮһûЩ˵𾪣ΪȻ˾ҪݣȻĻ׷޳ʮһһӣһֱָӷ˳ȥֱӾǶ϶սλ˳˹ȥ
ļ룬λϸ˵Ĺƣ̼߽⣬ֻǿάŷˣڹȥˣ


806 ǽ
ʮһٴóһŷŽɫâķǱһһȥжҽֻţһǸոնǸ֪ϼģɽͬˣǽĿˣ
з˱ȴһӺ˳ĺס֣
ŵ˱һ仰ĺսȴǸϽͣˣֻǸֵģȴͣ˵ʱ򣬱һؿڴ
ƾʲô˵ͣ־֣ͣһûдأ
Ӯˣ˱˽˻֮ɫصĶʮһ˵һ䣬תͷԼߵ˵ǵ˸ߣ
Ҳ֪ǳԶˣԼˣѾˣҲǶһ̶ȵˣԷĿǰսԱԼҪǿ˱ĻҲûж˵һһµ˾׼ߣ
𣿡ֻǵ˱ȴ뵽ǸҪߵʱȴ˲ˣͷȥ˵֮֮ǰŵĲ˵ʮһиˣ
ˣô뿪ѾĲ鲻ԸˣڶԷȻŵ߶ˣⲻ̫
㻹ʲôֻپñҲûпڽӻΪʮһ֮ǰһϵоٶֶΣõǺľҪ֪սĻҪɽ˲һЩģ
˶ˣԼȥǻң֪ʱʮһѾǿ֮ĩˣҲֻܿЩ֮ǰѾ˵ķˣ
ʲôʲôԵ޹ʾҵλǰѵͶû𣿡ʮһЦһ˵˿ûһ㣬ԼѾǿ֮ĩľӿȥ·ԼѾһʦһ㣡
㻹ҪǸͣ˱ƺˣ಻˼Ƶģһŵϴ󣬲ŵĿʮһ
ôģʲôѵ˲Ӧø𣿡ʮһһɻ״תͷˣȥӣ
Ӧøͣ
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֣޵һֱһǰվſڵλϣǼƺҪ;ͲóƵģʮһЩ
˱Ҫ⼸һ뿪Ļֳûܹס
Ǻã˵Ҫʲôͣ˱Ƿŭģģǵ˾Ҫǽͣߵˣô͵أ
οǱ˵ҲˣƸͲأҲ飬ԼˣԺܺãΪҲдˣô㶼Լһ߸Կ
ֻκʽǿȻ˱ҲʮһѾǿ֮ĩˣԼֵĻֻǮϣϣϣѾԼߵˣ˵һŮӺһֻ˧ˣ
ԼҪǳֻ֣ĸңпԼ֪ʱ˼أ
ԣ֮󣬵˱Żѡ
ܼ򵥣һǽģ˭˵Ķλǰ˭Էһ۰ɣȻĻҾֱ´λǰˣսл֮ڣʮһǺһЦ˵Ļʹڳˣǵ˱ǣһԵЩˮʦ̲סƲһ죬ˣ̫޳ˣ
ǲе̫ˣ˱һԼȥƽһЩȻĺ£ƿڴȥ
ҪǾùֵĻԲͬⰡģȥǿȱϲ飬Լֲ֣ղôǣʮһ˵ţ˫ָһνӣ
ãԶһۣ˱ʮһĻ󣬾þò˵ǱͬŵɽߣͻȻ˵ˣȻͿͬǳһѵ
ɽ߳һѵϵٴαĽȫ䱸Ŀɽߵˣ
ֻʮһȻվؿɽĶĬĬվ
ɽ߶ʮһֳֵһӣԼһֻ첲ȥžͼɽߵֱ۶˿˵ϣ
ȫǰһĻˣû뵽ɽôݵģȻһӿԼһֱۣҾȻգ۾ģ


807 
ֻѪ֮еĶϱۣܶ˶̲סĴһԱ˺ݵ˭ǶԼҲôĵˣû
𣿡ɽǿŶϱ۴ʹɫѾӵĲ԰ˣѾһ˿Ѫɫǿˣ
Ǻǣֻ˸ӳԾǣɽߵ⣬ʮһֻǵӦһЦһ¶ѣ
ۣ

ʮһЦֳ֮ȴٴδһϵžһʹĲҽѭȥȴһαˣΪȴǿɽһǿһλߵһֱֻۣ
ֱֻǰʱʮ룬˿ֻ̻ܹȻڶأǸɽһֱ۵ߣѾ۵ιȥˣߵͬĲţ綼Ѿǲˣ
˵ˣֱֻۣ𣿡ɽӶѾЩˣһֱţʱ˿̣һ˫һգգĶʮһ
ɽߵĻټϿֵľٶʮһֱɱԷΪԷʵ̫ˣһֱֲ˴˵ĺݣһ۵ıԣԼĻպһ⵽ģ
ǣѾ˵ȥˣԼô죿οԼڱѾûκεսˣ
Ϊ˵𣿡ʮһûֱӻش𣬶Ŀ⼫Ķɽ߷һ䣡
Сӣ㲻Ҫ̫ţǻҪ̫ĻϷƻҲҪԳɱ㣡˱ڿʮһ֮󣬺ǷŭĶʮһ˵
ʲôʮһȴ˱һۣǲм˵
Ҷ𣿡ʮһһ仰˵꣬Ǻֲһ
ʮһܺãҼסˣ˱ָʮһ֮󣬲˵ôһ仰ƤϣѾ˵ƤڲͣĶţ
ϷԶ֮ˣɽǿһѣθУʮһ˵
ǺǣҹҪʧˣʮһЦһ֮¶ȶһӽ̫أӰ쵽ʲô
ŵģʮһ˵Ļģ˵ֻҪֱۣҾͻ᲻׷Ǿһ˵ѾᵽһҪĵʱʮһȴЦˣ˵Ļʹڳһɱˣ
һӣƺûнܹľȶ࣬ʵе㳬ĸˣ
ǡɽ˿иΪʵò׼ʮһ뷨˭֪һôģһһ˵ҪɱԼأ
ߣط̫ɭˣʱ˻ù˵ģʮһװµӣ֣˻һ֣ʾǽżλǰ뿪
ҽʵ̫ˬˣ뿪֮Ϻ˷ܵ˵ʱﻹһΪʦĵ䷶
ˬƨӽ쿪ʼĵطûˣҲΪǻзˮЭڣжѣǮȴǿϵӣɵü
ǣǲ֪ʲôõɪģղʱٳһ㣬˵ı̫̫ˣҲվϣ
ƥǼң糿Կǻɫʱ֪ұϣƷټȻˣүһԶԾǺˣȻ˵Ų˼ƽϣ˵Ļȴÿһ仰һ̵λߵ
λڶԷΣѵʱ򣬵һվŶԷͷߵĳܣʮһҲȻǺһ갡
ֱųصУʮһǲ֪Ǯϵôģֻ֪Ҫһг˶ѾǰˣǱҲǴ绰˵Ҳȡˣ⣬ʮһ֪ѽ鶼֮󣬾Լ̤еʱˣ
ֻһ֮ǰһҪͺпܻ飬ǾǸϽȥһԳԷĵطԶΪ˳ڳϵİСʱһֱԼ
ڳϣÿһгԱϹŸԵĶʱͻֱתͷԼֻǲ˵ѣʮһһ̵ǵûһ˿ᣬôЩ̬
ֻԼĲǲԵĶΪûǮеֽͿڸأԼҲǺܶǳƱ֮ǰѾ˵أ
ߣԶȥʮһֱӾǴһߵһ˾ȥ֪ŮӶϲЩģΪˣתһ˲䣬ٵľ͸ǺϲЩ


808 ץ
ֻ߽˾֮ǰʮһһ绰˵ַȻСĸһǮֽȻͺܹϵĹҵ˵绰ʹǱ߽ӵ绰Ļڵ绰ҵʱ˺þã
ʮһҲ֪ЩĸóԣĸóԣֻǿȻȥôĮɫȴڲͣĶŷԱƷ
ĸһݣȵԱʮһʱʮһֱӾָһ˵
ȵ֮ʮһҲĶˣһŵĳţɵһüⲻ椵ķ񰡣һʮһ͵ͷ
ʮһһ߳ţһ߸ϢߴٶԷһҲһֱ˵Ͼ͵ˣ
ʮӺ󣬲ſڷܽһӣ֮ͿʼĴţʮһ֮󣬼æӭȥ
֣ôˣֻֽһǧǮſﻹиʮţҲ֪ʮһôˣߵôΪǳ԰ͱץסأ
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ǻҪ٣ʮһһۻепʵ
ˣ㲻ǲһ԰ɣʮһĻشҲǿǱиŮһֱڿԼߣ֪ӦþǺʮһһԷŮˣ
ⲻǷϻ𣿳ʲôԣûµĻ͸ϽȥɣҹҪ뿪һʱ䣬ʱ仹Ҫ鷳չһ¶ʮһһۻ˵
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ҪȻҰɣҸȫ˾ʮСʱŰɣĵ֮˵˵ͷ֮˵
ǾͶлˣʮһ֣ص˵
˵ǷϻˣһٿǮҵи·Ѱ˵ʮһгһͷתˣߵ
ŻȥıӰʮһҲͻȻӿһů⣬˵кͰԼʶʱãҸʶʱ˴֮仹ìܵģԼҪʱҲǼææ˹
һԼչ˶ұԼĸĸ
ҡҡͷ֮ʮһǻصλϣô˵ҲеǮˣԷǲˣһ˲ʮһ͸о嶼ֱˣ
ˣʮһûãһӣС죬Ȼ˵
ȵˣڽϵʱͻȻ䲻֪ȥˣͻȻ뵽ԼϱİУװһϸԼľأɵŻЭ֮󣬸Ͻһ£ֱװŵĶţĶ
ֱֻ֮Ǵ߿ŵľͿԿˣϵʦʦô˵ʵҲֻͣһʦ󻭵ķôͨʮľ
ʮһŷȥĻž¼죬ţϼһҲǷַӻ˵ģ˵ʲô̶ȣǾͲ֪ˣ
棡ֻʮһҪʱȴԱߵͻȻ˵
ʮһһǰ治ԶһҴ̳أдţ¥
Ҫ棿ʮһɻʵû뵽椻ϲ⣬Ҫ֪ǶôİΪѧʱʵ̫ˣеʱϾͲôȥȥɣѧʱ춼æ̸͸ûʱȥЩˣ
ֻǵĻش֮ʮһȴǾеΣ㲻˵ʲôѵֻΪģ
ޣĻشȻôļֱӣ
ֻһʮһȴû⻰ʲô˼˺þ֮ҡҡͷʾԼ
޻ץޣټʮһʱֺϣţ֮ǺܷѾ˵˳


809 Ǯ
ǺǣʮһȴĻش֮Цˣֱ̳ſȥ
ղоѾвˣֻΪûԲȷϣǰһǲץ޵Ǹģ֮һֱû˵ΪҪһǲĲܶ˵
֮Ҫʮһ뿴һ£ֻǲ˵ǲ˵ҲˣҪ˵Ļǿ˵ģֻһѣ
ģҲ˹׷ߵʮһԣ˵һ䣡
ʮһҲûлش𣬶˳һ·¥˼֮󣬶˾ͻдҹ֮˼޻ǰʱѾΧ˺ܶˣһһԵģ
ָһװϲ֮Ļʮһ˵
ãҸץ㿴ҵʵʮһĵ˵ֻץΣһʱ䶼ˣоץһڶֱӾץһ룬ȻʱȥˣȻˣ
ʮһѾһı仯ˣڳЦԼ
ǰû㿴ҽһץʮһҲŭˣоܵսǷԸסȻܵǰֱ̨һٿǮıӣһСϿ˻һʮӣ
Ҫ֪һֻһңǸݳйϵģֻҪһӾͿԵģʮһҪץȽ⣬һΣʮһҲ֪ΪʲôΪ꣬ץеǰɣ
ʮһϷңҲ㹻ץ߰ʮεˣټʮһʱԵЩԾӣ
ǮԣʮһȻҲǿԾӣȻΪŵ˵һ䣬ٴδչץ
ֻʮһûע⵽ǣʮһץʱȴһ˿Īľ⣬һҸ
֪䣬ʮһеϷѾһˣȴһûץʮһνҲǸоƤ̣ΪԱһŮҲץߣûгεģôһᣬѾˣ
ʮһѾҪŭˣ׼ʹطֻͷиץʱվץˣȡֻݸʱʮһеıҲֻʣöˣ
ȿȣô˵ץһץѵƵģҹץģû׼ֻҪٿǮأʮһһĿʼ˵˵
ĿѾˣʣöϷңԭʮһҸʲôһµģȴǱֹˣһö˿ڴʮһĿɿڴȥˣ
椸ղǶЦҲǿ˰ɣʮһţֻǾ׼ȥʱȴһۣϹξץֻˣղ˿ץ˺ܾãܶöϷҵģ
УҲϹ˭Ǹеɵһֻô򣬲ŲʮǮǸŮµʱһʮһΪˬ
ʮһǿסعͷһ˵ĳ嶯Լ֮󣬻̲סҪ˵ĳ嶯
Ѿģץץ£԰ڸʲô˵ˣץΪץʱḶ́ɵ
һ֮ʮһ˳ȥ⳵ֱӻصЭᣬʱҲѾˣһ֤͸ָСϸģ
ϴһж׼ˣҽȫװˣܳٶȣԽҰܣʣǻǮһ㣡мʮһˣ˵
˵ЩҲúþˣԺʲôĶ׼𣿡ʮһİһۣ˵ٱˣЩͲ֪ܳܿԽҰɶҲ֪Ψһ֪ʲôУ
ߵʱˣ֮ÿһطڲһ㣡д
ˣһһˣ߾ҪˣǮĵط϶٣ʮһ뵽ȫļҵ׶ԼأŸ˵
Ҫһж׼˵Ļ߰ɣСҲһȥʮһһºҲûʲôˣȲˣȻĻ֪ԼҪߣѾͷָÿˣ
ѽϴҲˣղɺҴ绰˵Сֵʱ򣬿иܶޣȻһһֻ򣡡Ҳ֪˵һʮһˣֻ󿴵бŵʱͻȻ˵


810 ɫ
ϴҲ̫ˣ͸С㻨ʮ˿ǮôһֻȻȥȵӣ۸ϴݲ䰡ͼ䣬˵֮ʮһɫҲȷʵÿˣ
ʮ˿ƨһһٿǮץģ㶮ʲôϽط˯ȥ컹Ҫأʮһ˸һۣȻڸлûӦʱֱӾǽƵһȥ
ҺܿģʮһоеεʱȴƮƮôһ仰ˣȵʮһӦʱѾûӰˣ
Һܿģһ߻û뿪ĸҲĻڿ뿪֮󣬶ʮһ˵һ䣬󿴵ʮһŭ񣬼æܻ˷䣡
ʮһҡҡͷֻ֪˵һĻѣϾԼһٿǮץһʮ˿ǮͿ򵽵˭ˣῪĵģ
ٶ룬ʮһصУϴһ֮󣬱ӰóֻľӣȻϣ˫һԼǰһһ׼һµĺã
⵹˵ʮһϣ⼸Ķˣʮһ֪һ԰ȫΪ
ʮһһָľӣһ󷿼ھһ΢磬˵ȥ󣬲ԴľϵĸӣʵȴǴˣ
Ӵ򿪵һ˲䣬ľһɫĹâʮһڿɫâʱҲһļ֮дɻɫĹâʵֲ̫ˣɢɱо궼Ҫˣ
ǵģֻɱɷɱʹʮһоļµģ⻹ǵһΣʹһ߳´ɽƷ֮ĸ֣ʮһûйָо
ľڵʲôֻɱѾôˣɱƺûɢļ󣬾ôƮɢ

ʮһһںĵʹ£ǰֱľкܽλãͷȥ
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ֻǵľڵĶʱʮһļʶǴʮһţ˵ܻ˭ֳĳԾСܶ˻ţƷʦʮһҲͬһ
ΪľھȻһ˻˵һѣбҪС
ǣһɫأĻĿɼأ
Ҫ֪һֻǼѣҲʮѣǰʮһµһ£ҲҪ߰˰ٰ꣡
Ҫ֪ڷУرģû𣿶ഫٰѾ˼еˣϵģǧѾǷ֮ˣ
һ̣ʮһԼ˵ʮӵʱ䣬Ļ
ŰپʮŰ꣡
ʮһһ֮ǽ飬ʹսɱѾˣʲôʱˣﻹʲôɱɱģ
Сѣﻹ𣿡ʮһȵģо°ͶҪ˵ʱͻȻ䷿һϵ
˭ĳ֣ʮŵʮһľУʵ׾٣֪ͳĸֱ˵ŷֵˣҲҪƷʦ֮ſõģ
ԣɲʮһȣɫһ˲ͱˣ˫ڷɨɨȥ
ֻʮһ˰죬ҲûҵͻȻ˵ֻԽԽ࣬ʱʮһ෴ǣзƽˮûһʮһΣպδ֪ǰ쳣侲
ǴɷΪʮһ䣬µͬʱлѾ˳
СĪţϷûеⰡʮһĻ£ǵϵٴγ֣ʮһǰľڣƮһõӰ
ʮһȥһŵۣͷŻ׺ӵߣֻ֮Ӱǿգеɷǵӣ
˭ʦʲôϵӰһ֣ʮһѯʵлѾǰת
Ϊдһʰô֪ҺйϵأõӰȴе㾪ȵӣḧʮһ˵
ľʦʦתҵģͻȻľڳ֣Ҫ˵ûϵ˭Űʮһм˵ͷҲ֪ʲô·ȻҪһ
ǺǣϷϼһһԪ񣬰ϼһҪרŵģλߵЦһ˵Ļȴʹʮһסˣ
ʦԪ񣿿ôȥеֵֹأѵԪѾԼ˼ˣ


811 ˵
ͱˣһ쾳ﵽˣԪﵽƷ֮ʱȻ֪ˣǿԿʮһе뷨˵
Ҫʲôѵ˵ҪʲôǺڽ͸Сˣʮһ˵ǺܲɫǱ쳣
㻹ǲϷ򰡣Ȼ͸ģȽµĿĸ㣬Ȼһи֤һµģԪʮһﲢǺںԹԵ˵
Ϸʱ䲢࣬ˣѾоŰپʮŰˣһִĹЧһɱҲֶΣһҪģʹ÷֮תɰɫʱᷢɫĹâ
ɫâԿٵĻָڵƣԼӿĻָһ㻹иҪһ㣬ǿԼӿٶȣǧʮ֮٣ǧϣٱ֮٣ԪƺܸʱƵģʮһ˵ĻᣬԼ˵
ȵȵȣʮһæִĻڶԷˬ˵Ȼôĺãؼ汸мӿٶȵĹЧΪʲôҪأοһ֪ʦô壿
˵˵ȴ֪ʮһһ֮Ӱȴҡҡͷش˵
ҡʮһûһѪȥ˵ʲô˵ģ
ֻҪǵãںƽ֮ǰʵҲҪе֮ſԱͿԣӰԥһ֮󣬶ʮһ˵
ƪھĹķҪѧ᲻ѣӰһ֣ţʮһ͸оԼԺ֮кһЩʲô۾һ֮˫͵д֮ɫ
֪Ϸûк˰ɣȻĻὫĹ㣡Ӱٿʮһı֮ƺΪ⣡
ʵҺʦҲʶǵô꣬ڡӰҡҡͷ˵ֻǸ˵һͻȻͣסˣΪ׵һըףڷϿƵģ
䣡
Ӱ̧ͷȥǿ͸שʯ֮еһ㣡
һӣʮһҲס˵ʱȴӰĺһʮһͷ֣ӰһǰһӰʵһʦ
ʦ֣һǿһʮһеԾĿƯŵӰʵ
ǣҽΪⰮͽң֤һ£ղĳƺѾ֤һˣӰһЦЦתʮһ˵𣿡
ʮһǵɵǳĴԴһӵķӦУѾȷˣ˵ȷʦֻȴɻԷΪҪ͸Լ˵ʶԼʦѵ˵һӣ
ΪʲôֱԼĳɹأⲻӦð϶Բϰ
ˣȻˣҵʱҲ쵽ˣɣ֮ǰһҪ͸һ仰ԪӰӵˣӰʧ֮ǰʮһ˵޶ãѭ
仰˵֮Ӱֱʧˣʮһһˣ
֪кܶ⣬һʰ׵֮ҷɣһӿʮһֹӣһ仰Ҳ뿪˷䣡
ʮһ֪һȻǿԾɢɱľУûֱӻشԼеʣҪԼһʱ䣡
ȵһ뿪֮ʮһٴվľеǰ棬ĬŲٿĿھ˫ֽһֵӡһأ
ʮһһȣֻԭɫɢŨŨɱһͻȻǱ仯һ£ֱӱһɫʥԭŨŨɱ˿ҲǱһʵİɫâ
ɰɫĹâһɲǣʮһоͺһ֮ůȪ֮ƵģˣԼΪһսսһյ壬Ҳٴθܵĳӯ
ʣʮһڴĴָһһѪ棬ţʮһӶֻȻ䱬һ۵İ׹⣡
׹֮вʱһ˿ɫʮһ֪ԼѪΪԼָŵѪһֱδͣȫǱ׹е֮ڣ
СүҪ㶼շˣǶ˴ˣʮһ¶һŵӣǴһѹ˲ץץ֣֮Ѫֱӿ


812 ʵ
Լһӵʱ䣬۵İɫâʧľڵİɫҲʧˣʧʱʮһһĨЦݣΪĵ·һͬģ
˿ɢһů֮⣬ʹʮһоǳʣ
Ȼʦ˵ǰ㣬ָٶе˰ҾԼתٶȶǿ˺ܶ࣬ٶȣԼҪƷʦȷʵҪԭҲҪʱ䣬ڿ¾Ϳˣ
Եһ֮ʮһתţһȥʲôƽٲƽٵģʮһѹûϣ˵ԼƷʦǣһĳԽʦﵽ֮ԼҲֻڸˮ֮󣬱İˣҸطСӣĹǷʲô
ֻİ֮˶˭أ⵹Ǹ⣬ıһҪŵģˮϹѩҪҪҲأǲҪˣѾͷ̫ˣ
̨椵ǲҪǿԵĻҲУǲ֪ԼƷʱܲƷˣҲ˵˼̫ˣ
ǺܰżеСŮԸֻǡ
ԼǺ˼ʲôأ˵û־أǵˣЩҲʵˮ֮⣬Ůһ𣬹ƶȰԼɱˣ
ҡҡͷԼЩʵʵ뷨ʶУʮһվһӵľ棬û˵Ҳûţֻĺһ£Ȼ˫ַƿľţ
ɣһľԣʮһҲûκζָֻһԵһӣ
ʦʮһк֮󣬱ߵһӵˣ
Ҫ𣿡һ˵
ʮһ֪ôشãֻشһ֣
ʱһٴʵ
֪µĻһֱҵΪֹʮһ¶һ˿ɬЦݣ˵ԭţ뿪֮Զһ㣬ܵҵӰ죬ܻһ㣬ڣһΪ
˾ȥɣ˻һ˭ѲǣҪźͺãһͻȻед˵
ޣʮһͻȻ˵ͼһŲ豭ͣ˿У
Ǻǣ˵еʰɣ֪ʦֵ𣿡һһ֮Цһʮһ˵
ǵģʦһԪһЩΣʮһһƺޣҲͲ׷˵Լеɻ
ʦ֣ʵҲ֪֪Ҹ̤һеʱʦ־ѾƷʦ֮ˣֻǲ֪ΪΣȵʦȥΣҶʮʵﵽƷ֮ʱʦֻƷ
ֻǱ˲֪ȴֱʦڿѹڵΪȵоΪѾҵʦˣһӻĶʮһ˵
ʦλ뷨ʮһĿһӣΪλʦѹΪʵܸߵ뷨
Ӧûǵã֮ǰ˵ʮǰлս孹ʵɣһȴһʮһ
ǵãѧ֮ˣû˻᲻ǵðɣϿɱһһǿ൱ƷɵļһﰡʮһȻ֪һӻͻȻô˵ȴǿĵ˵Ͼһ飬˭˵ģ
Ǻǣû֪ǣʱһʣǵһʬħһӵЦһ˵
һӵĻʮһ쳣ʻȻһʬħǸݣʬħʲôʮһֻһ¶е㾪£ǿô൱ڷˮʦеİƷ֮İ
˵УƷ֮ѾԻּ䣬ɽˣǱ˵ƷˣԼģ˼ҴԼ͵ûɢʹԼһѷҲκεã
ʺʬħأʮһ˿ĭ֮ǿԼСĵѯʵ
ѵ˵ǱʦʰˣʮһոԼʳһ⣬ֻǸһ𰸣һŵĴ𰸣
ǵûУǸʬħܵˣûôˣ۵ĵؽϣһҡҡͷʮһ˵
˻
ʮһҲ̲סһȫˣһʬħˣôʲôʵҲҪƷڵʵ˰ɣ
ԭҲΪԷֻʵģ˭룬׼뿪ʱȴðôĸһҲҺùؼʱʦָϵˣһս֮ʦֱ뿪ˣû֪ȥ


813 ·
ȴΪȥ׷ߵĵȥˣһӼ˵ţеįԭҲ׷ߵĵģֻκαˣ
ʦֵ飬Ҳ֪ЩˣȻ֪͸ʲôǿ϶ˣţʦӦòẦ㣬ǾʲôĿģҾͲ֪ˣҲ㵽ʱ򣬾ͻ֪ˣһǿʮһ˵ʮһеɻ
ˣ֪Ҳ֪ˣȥɣٻʱҲǾҪˣһ˵ǻ֣ʮһȥˣ
Ҿˣʮһһ˵һȻ뿪һӵľݣֱصԼķ䣡
ڴ֮ʮһţһӸ˵ģһսʣεȵķ⣡ʦһɱʣشһʬħǺεȵʵ
һԼʵˣֺܲɵͬЩˣԼܷ֪ͦǿ϶ģ˵ģֻΪһ㹻ˣΪĴˣ

գ̫ûʮһ͸УˣѾʰһУȻȥûкκ˴к
ϴȥģһ߿ųһ߻عͷźʮһ˵
һ·ɣҲ֪߽Ȼֱȥ⣡ʮһŸ˵
Ǿͺˣһ˸٣㿴ֵܵĳдһͿĵת˻ȥ˳ڵ֣һ׹ĸ
գۼ䣬ʱѾǵˣҲ˸ó緹ʱˣ˸˵㶫Ȼʮһ͸оͳԾĿΪԷһѵľƿ
֪ͽв͹ˣСҲͲôƿˣСĶʮһ˵
в͹ݸңܶ׾ƵģʮһҲͬСĻص
߰һѵľƣʮһ˵
ãʮһһ֮˾ϳˣȻھĺζ˺þ֮ʮһ̲סˣת˵һⰡ
ĺžأʮһĻ󣬲Ŀʮһ
˵ҪлſģôϾӦһ˵Ļô찡ʮһ˺þõĴʣڲСʵΪһ仰Сǵ椣ȻٸԼôһ£
ҲʮһĻ󣬵Ʈ˼֣
˵һأʮһ㱻һ仰ҭͲкȲˣʹһжܺȾƣҲֻûкȵǸѣ
ûһĻشôļֱӣֻһ仰ȴʹʮһһۣ
㲻ţͷʮһʵ
ô᣿˵ǣȲһʮһ˵ּæĿ˵ðɣûһ΢ҲǺΣյİһ⣬ʱ򣬻Ҫҹ·ǺΣյģ
ᣡ
˵仰֮󣬾ͲʮһˣȻԹԵĺСƣŴɳĳɽˮ
֮£ʮһҲֻܲˣʵڲУֻʱϢһˣҲ˯
ʮһ뵽ڣĬĬž֮ڷɿתŵлǶһЩˬʮٶȰ
ֻһǧĽҪǲе̫ˣֻԺˣҪлĻܵȥȡͿˣ
ʱǷɿģȵʮһ۾ʱɫѾе㰵ˣȻûиоǿһ쳵ĸУǿ϶˵ģϾǺܺķģ
ͣǰǼҷݰɣʮһſڳ濴һ£Ÿ˵
Ҫȥ𣿡ͣºʮһѯһ

ϴòøСȥ߽͹ݵ֮󣬸кһڷԱȲ裬ʮһ˵
оƾ͹ˣʲôʮһȻô˵ţǽзԱּ˴Ȼ̣ʲôУȣζҲɢʮһòܵΪЩʲôû뵽
ңҪǱϵʮһ֪Լ͸ȣԶȥˣϾ֮ǰô񣬶ԼֻһͨĴѧѣŶǣǸΪԼҵ֤ûУ
뵽ʮһҪô޵УԼѧȴҵ֤ûл쵽
֪ʮһʱ뷨һݺݵıʮһģֻһҵ֤ѣ˼ҿô˵ģ


814 
ڷ֮󣬷һͽжȫԹˣȻŸ˾ˣΪ˵ҪȥͣȻбõģҪȵõģ
˳֮ʮһ˽֮󣬸б㿪˳ӣճصͼָʾļվʻȥ
ӹʮһݹĲ֮󣬿һۣزˣɵöʮһЦһ£һԿӳ
ʮһҲЦһ£Ȼ֪椲⣬ܸܲ˼˻ɣԾһݰ˺һ޲ˣ׷û򣬷ֲԣȾƳԲ˾Ϳˣ
ӼӺ֮󣬼һ·ǰУ֪ʱѾϰ˵ˣʱҲѾǳþˣȻͻȻ˵
ʮһ͸ʵǱһ˰ľƣȻ˵Ҫ
Сˣʮһı󣬺ǲ˵
УҪǽϢһҲУҲҲûиʲôĿ꣡ʮһ˵ĺ䵹ʵֻ֪һŷҲͲˣȻȷڹ⣬ǹôĿĵأ
ͣȴ֪ͲʮһĻֱӶŸ˵
ãСû⣡ȴֱͣ˳ӣΪʱѾ뿪Ҳ֪ǿˣ
ˣ֮ʮһԵĸУСʵ
ҿСӣûк㿴⳵ȻȴȰͬСĶʮһ˵
Уҽϻǲ˯˯һɣĻأʮһʾ˯Լţһ⳵Ҫǳ⣬ԼķӦٶȺʵһȫԵģ
Ǻðɣȥ˯ˣеһͷȥɳ˯ȥˣϾ컹Ҫأ
˯ȥ֮ʮһҲٴֻҪʱ߾ͺˣȻԼǰô౶ҪǲõĻ˷ˣ
Ҳʲôνĺƽٰѵģʵ˵ĻԼԱ֮˵ҲʹһЩ֮˵İȫҲ͸һ㣬οԼռĿմﵽƷ֮أʱԼҪˮС죡
ԣʵʮһҪȺܶ˶ҪӵУ
ԼǱ֮ǰһħʮһҲЩΣ⻯ħָ̫ôӵˣԺǹؼʱʹطΪҲ⻯ħָˣȻԼɥʧʶ
Ҳ֪˶ãʮһͻȻоΧĿһ䣬Ϊˮʦıܣʹһ۾Ϊ䣬Ϊ¶ȵµģο⳵пյģ
ʮһһһŷ˸˯ĵطһһʲô⣬Լ˲
ʲôԣʱʮһСĶʮһ˵
ôˣʮһųǰһʵ
һֱڿʾȴһֱԭûָгʮһ˵
ʮһĻش֮ȴǴסˣ۾һգգĶֱоһüЩʱ򣬲˵ղ˵ˣǺܶĻŶһ¶ٸ֣ʮĸְҵ찡
ģ˺þãݺݵĵһʮһתͷʮһֻǾµȴһ㲻ײ糺죬ڹߵԭʮһûв
ͣ³Ӱɣ³һ£ʮһղſһ۳ʱ򣬾Ѿ֪ôˣһĽͣ͸ȷˣǱа˰
֨
һɲȥӻһξͣʮһڳڵţ򿪳Լ˳
ηаȻүү··㲻ߣ㴳ʶĻԼʮһµĳһȦ֮󣬶ǰĺڰһżˣ
˵ƴʦƢڿȻ˰ʮһĻµʱ򣬺ڰ֮дһЦŵһ쳣ϸ
а֮ָʾİȻбģҲ̫ˣѵҪɣʮһмһͬʱҲڼٵţ˭ָʹĹԸԼ
ƴʦ̫ˣֻкѣԺгһȤģǵϸЦһ
ǺǣõĹ˧ҳԸôһССƷʦ𣿡ʮһЦ˵
ƴʦεͣ㻹˵ɣڰĹ˧˵ͬʱҲ𾪵ģû뵽ʮһȻ֪ʵɵԼûֱվȥѡȴͬһ


815 
ߣſҪʱģʮһһֽӡֱӾǶǰ˳ȥʱдһʲôƵģƶҲҽлԲһССĹǽѣʹǹ˧Ȼˣ
㣿ôܣʱʮһĲǰƮһӰ֮ǰʮһǸ˧
ߣʹ𣿡ʮһԷһ䣬ԼĻش𶼲˾ҪܣӦ
ʮһǰ죬ſ֮йââ˲˳ȥôڹ˧ĺϣʹ֮ʹּץ䣬⣡

ʮһĻµͬʱֻâ˵Ĺ˧ֻüôһ֣ͱʮһͨǷͻˣʮһֻܺٺһЦˣ
Ϊֻ˧ץâ˲䣬ѾɵлУΪһ꣬ץлǼֱˣ
ʮһתϳˣԺǷ񻹻й£һ㶼ģֻҪƷ֮£ʰȫ⣬οڻ壡
˭˧ģʮһҲѾ˴ŵĲ²ˣϾԼĵ˾ôο⻹ǿʹ˹˧ģǾ͸ûмˣֻЩ⣬ȵʵ˵ʱֱɱȥ
ɣѾˣʮһ˵һ䣬Եλϣ
ãشһͼרĿˣ
Ҫ˵Ļ͸һϾҲû˯ʮһ׼ͻȻҲû˯ɵһ£
ҿһֱ˯ģʮһ˵
ҪҪôţƿһֱȣҲһֱ˯ʮһİ˶Էһۣ⻹޼ް
СңĿʮһ˵
УֻһΪ˯߲㣬ֱӰʮһ˸ۣ
ǾһĻشȴʹʮһסˣʲôʲôԹԼôĳ𣬾ȻŸԼͬھ̫ˣֲ˵أ
һֱ죬ܰҲûгֹʲôʶô˻߹·һʮһԤϵˣ֮ǰǸù˧ӣʮһţЩаʹҲҪúõĵһԼǷǸˣ
ȵ̫֮󣬳һС򣬶ʱҲѾǵʡˣ
һ˯̫ˣһεɺأǽһڰҲ˹˹ʮһ˵
أˣȥԵ㶫ɣʮһһ۸УԼȴǳһ̵ˣ
С㲻һ϶ڿɣпһߣȵĿ˵
ȻأʮһĿŸУ֪Ϊʲôô⡣
⳵Զܿİлش
ô˵֮ǰʲôҪԼʮһĿŸУɻѯʵ
Ϊ֪ԼΪĿһ㰡Ѿþûˣϲһ޹Ŀʮһ˵
ҪôǻǳԷȥɣ緹Զ岻õģпʮһˬĿεЦһ£ƿȥ
˳֮󣬱ٴ·ˣȻǰԿϵʱ˵ʱԼ˵ʱ򣬾Զʻܣ
ʮһǳ˳Էʱ˳Ե㶫֮⣬ʱȫÿʮСʱʱ䶼
ÿ첻ͣʮһͲҪԷ˯ˣֻΪһԷŻÿһҸĵطԶ
һΣһܵʱȥˣԭǵٶͻᵽģֻ˵һ֮⣬ʱ䣬ÿһص㣬ж³ıƬѯһµûм
ʮһʼҲһģǸȴûãΪǶ˶֪ıǲģıԸĻһȥģΪıԹӵϤ
ϴǾ뿪ˣһʡˣжϴʮһ˵
ϴҲǶ飬֪ҵĺòãʮһһ۸У˵
ϴ㿴ǱǸŮ𣿡ͻȻ䣬ָǰȺУһͱ˷ڽǵĽŮɣʮһ˵
ȥô˵Ҳйһ֮ԵʮһһۣǽŮǵɽ֮ǸŴ󿨳ӣ


816 Ļ
нͣã˱³Ⱥȥ
㻮үĳ첻Ǯͱߣ
˵ˣҲǹģ˵ˣ˭ү̳Ư붯ˣ
ôϻҪôǮҪôүһܣ
˸һ߽һƬȻ֪ľ徭⼸仰ʮһҲܹ³һˣ
ɫйأӦƬĵͷˣĸеû뷨ֻǣôô˵ģǰڲǹҴԼһ˵綼ִ˰
Ҫ˵飬ڱϿܻ࣬ǻӣǸǲܵģΪѹûģ
ÿÿÿʮһʹ˸֮󣬸ֱֻһͽΧˮйͨȺƿһһ׶·ʮһߵмλã
ӺǼӶǿ˹ڿʮһ͸еʱһԼλʮһģи˵ͬʱʮһ£ȴһתͷʮһԵ
סˣʮһôֳһŮˣһһ˳ڵŮˣϴμıǸŮξȻֻһ
˭°Ǽӿϵ飬֪Ӧʶģһ֮ǰһֱڳͷû˵ӣվ˳ʮһ˵
ңʱȥԺеɻ󣬷ʮһλģҲûйϵֻȷʵеıֵǲ谭ʮһֻԱߣ
ʮһ⸱ӣӵɻˣˣȻˣӦȻԼ
˻
ֻһӣʮһ͸оԼҽűݺݵĲһ£תͷȥȴûƵģԼһֻۣܰĵһ۶Է
ô£ʮһתͷӣֽӴһţУţз滹һë£Ȼתͷܿһֶۣĺܶ࣬ѾǺٵˣΪЩˣǴ޷Ǵ޷
ʮһٿһԼˣˬȫһ£ڵǣȫǳ䣬ȻĻе̫עĿˣ
Դ֮󣬲ºˣҲҪǼˣ
ǸˣźɫµӣǼ˵үڿȿȣȻ͹ڨûǣǾҲߣ˵Ҫ뿪ģӼ򵥵ĸʮһһ£ֻȴû˵ӱ飡
ǣʶ𣿵Ҳֻһ֮ʰɣλӣʮһĻɵúǵʮһԶĳԼʮһʳڵŮʱ򣬾ѹǷݲ
һСطĵͷߣҲ֪Щ˲ǵģ
ʮһĳԼɢĸ߹ʣּ󶼱ˣ⼸ӦǴӴطģŻдһʣ
ţȷʵʶ˵ˣ˵һ°ɣʮһҲֲˣһĲ죬Ż˵
ʵǰҲ˵ģȷʵΪλСſлλŮһȣ˵ҵĵһҲȥˣֻû뵽⳵Ӿͱ
Ȼ⳵ûֵǮҲҵİȴôһӣӵҲ̹УֱӾʵʵ˵ˣΪԼֱ
𣿡ʮһӵĻζĿ˶Էһۣתͷѯӣ
ȴ˵ʼˣʮһҲе
ˣ֪ˣʮһû˵Ǵ˶ԷĻȻ˵֪⳵ҪǮҲ˵ְɣ
˵Цˣʵ֮ԻΧλŮҲֻҪһͶѣȻѾõˣôˣƳ˾ͻ˰ɣȨǽѰɣӺǺһЦװν˵
ӵĻ䵽ӵĶУɵƲһ죬漴ʮһĮ񣬾͵ͷ֪ʮһֶεģһμɻǼǵõģ
ôãǮҲ֪ŰɣǾˣʮһ˵ӸӹǮ˶Էϣ
ȻˣҲˣҲѣЦŽӹ֮˵
ʮһҲû˵ʲôתż˾ųȥ˳֮󣬸Ȼʮһںߣ
֮λԵһȴǲʵүôôߣееͷȴǵĵ̣Ҳ̫ڲ񣡡


817 ıϢ
㶮ʲôȻҲ֪ʲôͷȴ²Էͷ϶ҿԱȵģӵΪ׼򣬻кܶദ·ǴӵܣǰҼһξǴӵܣǺ񣡡ӰһСܣֱӾкϳˣ
һû˵ǣһݣǾһƷˮʦȻλֱܵͣʮһǵģǵˣﶼ⵽ۣǵãʦ˵ΪˮʦֱҪ
ϴղĲԣʱڳڣһ߿ųһߺĶʮһ˵
ﲻˣǸǮ𣿡ʮһĿŸУ
Ǯˣҹһ߾͹ˣǧǮ̵ֵˣƲƲ죬Щ۵˵
㲻˵ϴҶ໨ǧǮ̫ˣǮ׬İʮһҲЩʹļ׵˵
ǲе̫ˣ㻹ںǮ𣿡ܲʮһĿˣʮһ˵
ôںˣǮģԺҪǮǶˣʮһһӣǲˬ˵ûеǮҷ𣿲ȻĻԲһͻȫʧ
УѹͲʮһ˵Ļ
ˣ˵˵ô°ɣԸӦñôһͷ߸ѹסİʲôıǲΪûдǹʮһֱӾǲǸУŶԷʵ
ұӵģôô˼أȻô˵ţһֻȴѾ֪ʮһļϣ
ǺǣŲҰӳȥʮһûԷǵЦһô˵һһӿǣһĨЦݣ
ʮһҪӵϵʱȴһ˿ˣ󲻸ֱʮһĿ⣡ֻԼ֪ڸղôһ˲䣬ȻЩʧˣ˵Ǿûзģ
˿ˣʮһɵõЦһ£һ̵ȼݸ˿ĸУԼֵȼһȻ͵Լ˵
ѵûʲô仯𣿡ãʮһ̶һˣӲǿˣ
ˣûǰôɧˣҲǰˣʮһ붼û룬ֱӻشһ䣡
ſϹĻȻǲŵģɵѾͷ˵һͻῴ˵㣬ҽģʮһĻԹԵС˵һ䣡
֨
Ǿµһ˲䣬ͻȻͣˣͣĺͽȻʹӶΪԵԭ򣬶ʹǰһ£
󵶰̻᲻ῪϴҲǼеģԶڸеͻȻͣǲ˵
ôˣôңҾ˵˵ģӸ˵Ǿ仰ǿʮһ͸ȫԼɵе㲻֪˵
ղ˵ʲô˵һ飡ǶȴǾû˵ĻƵģʮһһ˫۾ɵϴ󣬶ʵ
ʲôҲû˵ֻ˵᲻Ὺֻ˵ģҲɣǿһ˿Цݣ
䣡ʮһԾޱ飬ҡҡͷ˵
䣬ľ仰ʾòãסˣ仰ĻǾ仰
ղԼֹǾ仰˵и˽ϴģǸ˵һ
ôСҲˣǣССһ£ԼС²һ䣬ǽžסԼ죬ΪˣλĶɶҪһǿİ
뵽ӲɵöεЦһ£ֻȴ˾ͺ̱Ƶģһ鶼ûУ
ǺǣҪֱ˵ֻҪֵ̫ҪҶԴӦģӿЦһЩĿʮһ͸УҪƵ˵
˭ٴһ飬Ҳû뵽ǰͦģôôأԼ˵һˣȻôɵ˰ԼҪ
Ŷϴθһı˵ʮһŮѰһ£æͷ˵ָһʮһ
ȻǱģʮһ˵ˣ̱һҲǱ¶һ˿Цݣ
ӢĲʵһ䣡
ıʮһæ׷һ䣡
Ҳ֪һ֪֮ҵ֢״֮󣬾˵㣬˵϶а취ңȻͼҴҵˣڶʲô˵׷ɱƵģҡҡͷ˵ԼĲ²⣡


818 
ӢʮһӵĻСֹһ䣬̾˿Ƿֿˣ
һ˰ɣôˣѵ㲻֪ıǸɵѾͷڸʲôһΪ֪ڹأһºش
ţãʮһشƺһЩĲɣӾûʮһʲô˼
ˣ˵һɣϵĹô£ʮһһ꣬Ȼֱˣ˵
ԭ㿴˰͵͵İһʮһɫ˵ıԭϵĹǡ
˵ʵһٻҶ³ȥʮһڶԷ׼˵ȥʱȴֱӿ˵
Ҫǰ˵ѻǰ˵ѻҪôûҪôѾˣʮһĻţȴһ̣ʹӲľˣ
ұûҪ˵ѣӺ޺޵ĵһʮһʼϵĹôģ
һǷֿ֮Ҿֱȥ˹⣬շת֮Ҿ͵ӢʶһĶӣ¬ȣտʼʱʿǾͽˣ
һϣȥϴּʱȴ¬ںһ˵Ҫҽ׸Է˵ʲôֳҲҪʲôѪҺģ
ͣ˵ʱ򣬿ĸȴһӴס˶ԷҪ˵ȥĻ
ôˣһɻʵΪʲô˵ĺúõأôͣأ
ϴļٵģȴ֪иǲشĻֱӰ˸ťȻֱӻعͷʮһһѯʵ
ȻҲţȷʵģʮһƳһӣŸе˵ͷ˵
˵ֵıأʮһӻ﷢ɵ˵
֣Ƣģʮһ˵֮󣬾͸о󱳱һţÿҲ֪˭϶͵Լ˼ˣ
һ֮󣬼˵Ҳ֪ҵģôȥֽأҾˣ
ǲŸܳȥҾͱǹŻˣҾܵһٶȻҾͱǸ¬һĽصӴˣǵȵ˾Ƶ֮󣬿ؾȻûжʩ
һ飬Ǿһɱ¬ȣȻ뿪һǮ
ڵʱȲ֮¾ʹӦˣû뵽ǣһ𶼼ƻ˵ʱ򣬿ȴ¬ȸɱˣһɱĻһСǿغǰһµС
ԴǴ֮ҵϾͱһֻˣͬʱҲŵģ¬£ҺıҲһڴҲˣһҲֻ׷ɱǼȻ¬ȵǿǻǶıˣ
ȻͰһԸ׷ɱҵǼˣҼǵҵʱΪʲô׷ɱҲһɱȴش˵ɱ˾Ͳȫˣ˵ʱһαˣȻǸУ
ղŲ˵ڿȻıӺ뿪𣿡еܼʱҲܻץסص㣡
⻹û˵غܴʲô棿ǵڶεˣҲһμ֮һعһģӺݺݵĵһ۸УŻشе⣡
ô֪йģʮһʵΪʱ˵ĻҲǸһˣ
Ǿǵһڴּ֮ԭǾʹֱӷֿģϾǶȫǴ״̬ǾҪֿʱֻһֱҵĹȴǳˣһıõĻǴξѾˣ
ǰֻһʱҴľԹãһֻˣľֱӾͱֻˣ˵ʱЩΣΪֻľȥһ˽ֵϵʿأ
ϵʿʱ˵ˣľֻƷһֻΪľϵķֻܶԸһֻһѼӳ˺ܸľͬʱֻҲʹǲǰ
ʱȴΪΪͷǸƭӣֻһ֧˵ģ
һ£Ӻ˼ʱʮһȴִ˶Է˫ŶԷ۾ʵ˵ľԶԸ
ǰʲôﻹиأֻҵƭûѣӵ˵ͷͽľǸͷ֮ĶԻʲôģʮһ˵һ飡
һ˰ʱһˣû׼ҲͲôԶܻعˣʮһҲ̾˿һжȻҪϣһȴҪлȻĻôӵĿУ֪ıϢأ


819 ׼
ûϵģҲһתΣΪģӺܴһ̵·ֻص˵Ǹ˵˵䲻˳ʮһһۣ
ϴжߣ𣿡ǸȴǺٺЦʵ
ôأͷҲһߣϴҿһװ˵ĸͷòʮһ԰˵
ıǰö巢˹âֱǽֻˣǴӱóһŷ䣬ֻˣȵڶΣҲڿʱ͸һŷ䣬˵ԱһֱصڣȻʮһе˼ǸͷܱʮһҪߣȴûѡӻѾһˣͱٴڶˣ
ţк˵ʲô𣿹ҵģʮһӦһ󣬱һڴĿӣıûʲôҪ˵ģ
ûʲôתĻǾʮһĻϲʱȴҡҡͷ˵
ôأϸһ£ʮһĵؼʵ
û˵㰡ûҸʲôôͲأ֮ڹһֻ棬һһҲֻһ˱ȶѣЩˣôô˵أ
ʮһ׷ʵʱȴһĶͷ˵Ǻȿȵʱȴ˵һ仰ֻҲ֪ǲǸйϵ
ʲôʮһٴ׷ʵ
Ǿǵʱϵıֽ˵һ̫˷ˣһº˵
ʲôֽʮһʵ
ͨıֽϱߵıǣʲôӻ˰֮ģ˺ð֮󣬲Żظʮһ⣡
ʮһӵĻ֮ǣһĨҸЦݣͽһ죬ź˵һ䣺ľƸƿ
ʮһӹݹľ֮һƿ˸У˾ƿƵ׾ȣһԵסˣʲôࣿ
ĸû԰ǰһӲǻúõôͻȻͺϾأԼ黹
İɣǼֻƹһģҪӢ֮ſԽˣȻĻǽˣҲ᳹׵ģʮһȻں͸кžƣǶӵ仯ҲǾ۵׵ģȻˣ
ҪһĻԿҼǵҲǻῪģǿŴ󿨳ϴģȴǶӴȤһ䣬ֻû뵽ȴʮһİۣ
ǣջܵʻλȥˣһ·ϣкһ֮Ӣ⻹ҿ֮ǰŸЩȻĻǳؽؾҪ˷Ѻöʱ䣬һ̣ʮһ֪Ǯǲģ
ʲôûеĻ¾㻹ӣеķȵ˵ʱҲһˣ
ڼ䣬ʮһÿȻжʮСʱʱ䶼˵ǳ˵ıڽ֮еʱ̿ʱˣ
ʮһҪɵĶˣΪȻʮһͬһֱû˯ȴһֱںȾƣһ·ϵľǮʮһ֪˶ˣҲ˵ģôȣû˼
˵׶صʱǵʱӣ˭ҲûҪԷ˼Ǿֱ𺽣Сʱ֮˲
˵󣬵ҪôأЩദѾ֪ʮһ˵ĿľıģԵ³֮󣬿İûкøеĳеʱӶʮһѯʵ
ǱѰôʮһתͷ˵
ԵǿԣҪܶǮģ˽˵ĻС͵ıݣûõģӿһ֮˵
ǾҸţһıֽ£ʮһν˵ǮУȥ׬
ϴӢĴ磬ôǮͿԵģΪǶǼ¢ϵģ˭ǱԵģλشʮһǸУɫҲЩȻ
ƹϴĸģҾͲСүڣҲʮһһֵ̱ľһǿţһ㣡
׼壬һ˺ܶļ壡Ӷʮһһ֮ش
ϴ֪ǿȴ˵׼ʱĿʮһ˵
İɣһûô嶯ҼСֽһ°ɣٳɶɣʮһһ۸Уε˵ԼûǸزأ˵ˣıڵﻹһأ
õģϴͽҰɣЩһôȥкһ֪ģе˵ͷʮһ˵


820 ì
˸úõĳһ٣ϾЩһֱڸ·ˣûôԺùԹ֮󣬱ȥ֮ǰѾ˵ľƵ꣡
գ峿
⼸ŷţܸоʲôʹҵĺǲʮһڸҪȥϵʱóŷйģзصģ˸У
֪ˣнӹ֮˵ͷȥˣ
߰ɣȥɱ˵ĸһ£аıŷҰɣʮһĿ͸뿪֮󣬱ת˵
ΪɶҪѷ㣿˯žģʮһĻһסڣʮһ˵
Ǳһģ㲻ժЩֵôҳǲôǣʮһ̲סһֿڣúԼҪôƵģԼ
ǺðɣʮһĻ֮Ĳ鲻Ըģǰȡű۳״ķݸʮһ
ֻǾʮһֽӹһ˲䣬ȴ˵һ䣬е죬ҲеٵĻǻ˼ҵµأůͰɣ
Ҫֻǻδʮһô˵һԵȴ˵һ䣡
ҪңֲѣвɣӺǲˬĶ˵⼸ղͣغȾƵŮûʲôøУʵҪΪŮ˵ԣŮټλвͬԵʱ򣬶ǻἫŭģ
һȻһžӵĶ˳ȥٶ֮죬ԱҲˣ
ߣҲû뵽˵־Ͷ֣һֱӾǱ߷ɳȥףƺһһ˿ѪǴǴ˳
͵ϮңӳĴȻҲһʵģֻǲһ˵ѣôȥȣҪ֪ʵʮһĹƣӦǸƷʦս̫˵ģ
ûһʮһʰɽߵʱһ˶ԿסһƷʦĹ
ˣʮһ仰˵֮ĿһҪٶȹæֹ֪ղûֵģһξδˣ
֪ȴҲ֪ӿŮ˾ʮһֲ֪ôһŮˣҲÿ˵㣬һѣΪ͵ϮĻһԴùԷҪ֪Ҳѧϰ񶷼ɵģ
ԣʮһĺ֮󣬻ΪԼŭˣƾʲôãҷǴɣ
ʮһӵ仰ڿѾҪ̧ȣ֪Ҫˣô˵Ӳ°ϾıԼģ
鼱֮£ʮһæֹֻǻ˰ģѾǺһŶһ𣬶Ҳǰ㣬ٴˤ˳ȥҼ˻ھƵڣȻĻ綼Χˣ
˵ˣʮһˤȥʱһȥһˮ˶ԷϣȻת˵
ѾˣʮһĻֹͣ˼ĽŲ˵
ȿȣӣҪɱ㣡ȻûΣգȴſȳ˼Ѫ˵Ҫվ
죬ѾˣȻˣʮһתͷӺһתͷ׼˵˰ɣȴһ׼ԽԼٶȴ
ңд
ʮһһ䣬æӭʹ˳ԸִĹõİ취ˣʮһĿǰʵ˵Էģ
ˣҸӣɱˣʮһȻ˵ĺɣȴ𾪵ģСˣһȵȼֱе˰ȻƵжѾǼ˺ܶѸٵԼڣ
ǣʱɢȥһůˣʮһ治룬ԼܻһС
ûлشʮһĻ˵һĪĻ
ǰûҪʮһץ߳ȣҲɿΪģֻΪԼһɿ椣ٴζ֣
ãҲǱߵӣĻʮһһ֣
Ĵ֮ʮһŵĲŸҷɣ˵ģֻһɣͲɵˣЩ˼
ȥȣʮһаһ͸оãԼô椻أ


821 
ʮһæɿȣεؿЦֻȴûһǰ㶯֣ȴǲ֪ΪΣϾȻ¶һ˿СŮĽߣ
ȥ椽ߵʱ̫ˣʮһʶоֹһ䣬ֻһӣ͸оһȷɨ
룡
ʮһӦһ£һ±һŵĸֻһʮһҲû˵ʲôΪԼ֪Լ
ڿվ·𣿿ԵĻʹ·ɣȥֳʮһתͷһԿŵ˵
Ŷ߰ɣһ֮˵Լվò˵ʮһ»ˮҪ֮ǰЩЧ˲٣ϾʵȻƷȴҪ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣡
Ǿʹ·ɣʮһӦһ£תͷѯʵҪҪһȥ
һ𣡡˵ͷϵߺҲѾȥˣ
һ˾Ƶ꣬ΪҪ⳵ģȴ˵ܽģ
һ·һҾưſڣͣ˽ŲʮһЩӵ˵ʵʵǣΪʲôһҪأΣյģ
еĹ֣ûȥظͶ̥֮ǰһֱεģ˵Ǽ֣ڶֹҲҪ˵ʱ򣬾ͻһֱԭأҲ¹ʷĵطظ֮ǰĶֻе¹ʷֳſҵǼ֣ʮһӵ֮ͬվŲȻ˵
߰ɣȥɣʮһЦһ£ֱ˽ȥ
һ̤ưɵĴţʮһһ٣תͷһұߣȻưڵĹߺܰⲢӰʮһһתµ¥ݣ
ʮһתǸ¥ȥΪѾˣɭ֮ʽﴫģ˵ʵаûأǰҲֻǼ孵Ķѣ
ԣ˿̵ʮһеСģ֮ǰֻ˵ÿ֮ĶǲһģǶ孵Ĺֻӣķʰŷ޵ľ˵Ͳˣ
˵ͷľǿԿĹֵģŻЩԾӣ
ô֪·ص±߰ӿʮһҲûѯʲôֱ¥ɵòʵ
ԣʮһĻһ䣬ȴǲͣ
Ŷͺ֪һģӺһ£
ʱҵƵģʮһһӣȻ˫ͣΪѾ·ص㣬ΪǰҪһ׾ŵİ˵ǰֹʮһ˵ǰ
룬ʲôأʮһ˵֮˵һӣԼ룡
˵ǲԽȥ˽˳ʮһĻ󣬱ǳ䵱˷λã
㵱ôȥģʮһӵķ֮󣬲ʵ
ҵǸſһȥİһ˵
ôȥ취ȥֻʰˣʮһһ䣬Ȼ˫ֻˣ
¬ȵĵ̣ҸǲİҲЩ˵ڴʱʮһȴüͷһ壬תǸ¥ݣ
㲻˵¬ȵĵ̣˿϶ʶİѾΧˣʮһΰ滳ǹģ´һſʼԼ˾Ѿ˼Ҷˣ
ô찡֮Իŵ˵زΪʮһµʱǰ˾ȻѾͳǹڶǹڣǣ
ô죿־£ҹǸʲô¬ӦûҪһǵģʮһҡҡͷͬʱ͵͵Ķգһۣʾ֣
Ȼʮһµʱ򣬴¥ϳ߰˸ǹ󺺣Ȼ˾ͱһȺѺţưɵһСȥ
ˣС㣬þò˰˱ƽһ֮󣬾ͼڷеɳһɫͷһ£ȴֻôŦ۵У˵Ҳ
¬ȣ㵽Ҫʲô֮ǰǲǾɵ׷ɱҲǸƢֱӾǰָ¬ȵı
α˵ôֱأ˭ϿǸҪɱˣ¬ȶǰϵľƱһڣȻͻȻ˫ĿʮһԵԭ⻹ôһأ
Ϊֻ죡Ųȥ㣬һȥϵصļ壡ӺǷŭ˵
ȷʵֻ죬ССľưһǿԵģѵΪԳȥ𣿡¬˵һʿһ㣬Ǿµʱ֮ǰЩǹȴžһ̧ǹ


822 
Ҳŷһ˵ļһﰡһֱû˵ʮһֱ˿̲˵һ䣡
Ǻǣǹڴʱ䣬ôҵй˵û԰ɣ¬ʮһĻЦŶʮһ˵
ôʮһҡҡͷش
һѧܱ㲻˵Ӣðɣ¬ƺҲ֪֮ǰʮһӸ飡
ϧûʱѧϰˣʮһ΢΢һЦشһ䣬΢΢һʱһɵɢϮǼǹ󺺵֣
ͬʱʮһҲӰһƹ谵ķڣͺʧһ㣬ȵٳʱѾ¬ȵԣиǲ֪ʱһѩѣǴ¬ǰõģ

ֱʱЩƤ󺺲Ǹо󲿴ʹŵǹΪʹȫ˵ϣò˵ЩҲǾרҵѵģֻһ˲ҪͷȥǹΪѾǸ֪ʱүԵˣ
ǣרҵҲûκôģΪһӣѾȫһӰ˵ϣ˾Ѿιȥˣ
¬Ⱦ㵵صɴ˫ۣһῴһԵѩѵӣһῴһǱգۼʹԼŸǹڵĶŮӣѾҲˣ
ڸոҪôԴλòŮأ˭뵽Ůô
ǵʲôˣѲɸղõй򣿡¬ȹ˺þòתͷԱ߳ѩѵʮһһ㵵˵
ǰɣôģҲ֪ʮһ¬ȵĻһЦˣȻţʵ
Ȼ֪ʦңʦ¬ʮһĻشֱ֮Ӿǹд˷֮ɫģͺһϵķͽ˷ƵģҪжϣ
ҿҪʲô˭˵Ҫ㹦ˣͽҪģʮһտʼʵǱŵˣǽžװһΪѵӣ
ʦһҪңҺѧйˣһֱҲʦʦһҪң¬ȺǼĴ˵ŵǼ¶ˣ
ҵͽһҪҳʵ˵һٻҶὫʦţʮһһɫĿ¬ȣһԵȴ͵͵Ʋһ죬ʮһǺأ
ʦʲô⾡ʣһʵش𣡡¬ȴʱ·Ѿ϶ʮһʦˣ
ǲɱģ˵ȥף𣿡ʮһװһ䡣
ǵģҪῨص⣬˭֪Ƕ˾ȻıҪɱңҺ֮ǰӵװȫˣ¬ȾͺǸȱƵģʮһ⣬Ȼʱش
֪ˣȴȥһ㣬еҪʮһ˵ͷȻ¬ȷԸһ䣡
ʮһķԸ¬ȻͬģԴ¥ָĵط뻹׵ʱ˱ͣˣΪʮһѾǿҪģ
һȥԼ¬Ȳӣֻ¬ȽȴźܶĺӣȥŨܵӣ
漰ȥмʮһһüתʵ
һأſһıڣĸûϵİǶ¬ɱİΪʲôǲȥ¬ȱأС˵ָһԵ¬ȣĿʮһ
ΪϴŻû˵ĻӦһģֻǲ֪ĸ̣ʮһһ¬ȣոռһʱѾˣһϴһö֮˵ʵҲҪ൱ڷˮʦ֮еƷʦ
Ҳ˵Һ۸ˣ̫ˣôɱˣȴǰеĹȫƵҵϣʮһĻת¬Ⱦһͨ
ֻǾһӣǰһϢϮֱӶͣӶǸоˣʶľҪȥ

ѾϤ׼˵ʱһȴǴһĶӾǿǸѾԼʮֵĿصĴͣǰˣ
Ҳզһ־Ͷסˣʮһǲм˵ԭΪһʰһأû뵽ôɣڵĹҲûʲô𰡣
ʮһΧֻһȦһһ߰Ÿ죬ӾͺһɫӼһŮƵģ
ʦʵ̫ˣҸǸʦû¬ȼֻȻôʮһһָòܶˣʱ´ϲ


823 ˻Ϊ
ģŵĻİɣʮһתͷһ¬ȣ
ţ˵һأ¬ȼæͷʮһ˵
ʮһû¬ȣһӣֻֿԶˣǽžһӡ˳ȥʱֲֻܶˣֻһȴǿ˵ˣֻô˵Ļʮһ
һһȥˣǼ׻ʲôĿģʮһ֮£תͷȥ룡
رɵ˵һͨʮһһҲôûģͲ˵һ㣬úûѧӢƵģʮһεķ˸ۣ
˵ʲôϽ밡ʮһӵϵɫǺܺãɵʵ
˵ģôĵĮ
ȥȻңǲ֪СүʮһŭһֱСȻôˣⲻǿЦҪǴȥ˲Ͷˣ
ʮһһȻһָǴ˳ȥпصϣͼɵҽ
Ҫô˵ʵҿԿǳһҪôһֱװȥ͵ŻɢɣʮһٴγһѩѣȻ˵ȷʵǱ̳ͨʱ䳤
㳬ʲô˼ɢʲô˼ӽʮһ˵Ļ֮ǽ˵Ļ
ǷѾ͸Ⱦȥǵϵۣɢȥħˣʮһһ䣬ԲͨǷѾԺҪǼװȵһӷʡڷ
˵ȫ˵ϽŹ˵Ҫ£ٴηһ飬⻰˵֮ԼҲǵ˵ͷǺҲϿɿ˵Ļһ㣬һԵ¬Ҳ͵͵ĵһͷ
Ϊǿʮһ˵ͽһʰģǵһμʮһֻ֮ƷһֵģǾЩ̻֮еĻİ
ǻҲûʲôðʮһ˵һ䣬Ǹо󱻴һȭعͷһŭ֮ɫĵأ˵̫ʧˣôôаأ
ʮһ˵֮󣬾һָصӰȶֻǿȥȴЩʱƵģ
Ͻ˵Ҫһ仰ǼٻСүܽʮһֱӶ˵ǶԿ˵ôҲ
˵ֻһģһӸץˣ֮ΪԹҪҺ¬ȱ𣡡뻹Ǻܼ߻Ÿ䵱룡
ץͬߵǸӳʲôӣʲô֣ʶ𣿡ʮһٴʵڱ飬ôأûʲôϵֻ֪Ǹץֻļһ˭ΪʲôҪ¿ֻأ
˵֪ǸʱֻһӰȻͬͱץˣʶǸˣȴһ仰˵ǿϧˣ͹ιˣҲǽ˵Ļȫʮһ
ּһʮһСֹһ䣬һӣâȶһֱӽظ
ʮһո׼뿪ǿһԵ¬ȣȻ˵е㲻ֶΣȴҲģν˲Ϊ
ʮһͻȻ뵽һ㣬¬˵⣡
ʦʣ¬ҲʮһӦӦֱӴһֱƺˣ
ϲʶǼһı磿ʮһЦһ£¬ʵ
ӢһҴ磬Ҹһҵ˹ϵǲʦҪĻҿ԰һ£¬ʮһĻһ£ȻˣʮһӦʲôҪҪǱһ£
Ǻã鷳ˣʮһһǳĵģΪغı
㶼Щµ𣿡̲סʳеʣʵ벻ͨ¬ôôĵģ
ʲôģЩҿȷûҵıڵʱ򣬾Ѿ֪ҵıжΣˣҲ˵ұһǾӦʱȥ׼ˣ¬ȴǺǺһЦ˵ĻȻͨ飬ȴ
䣬һжǲ׵ģֻС֮ѣȻѡ˱ݸнְҵôӦóеݸнĸ߷գ
ʦԵһ£ϵҵѣһʲôʱʱ䣿¬Ȼشӵ֮󣬱תʮһЦ˵һ󣬱óֻߵһԴ绰ȥˣ


824 
ˣҪеɺܶ࣬ŷţֻҪ㲻κаȶҽģʮһóŷݸӺ󣬵˵
ιҪҪôС͸ŷӽӹʮһķ֮󣬿һ±㵱ʮһ·֮ڣȻֺٵ˵
ٰǰҲҰҵֻţıϢˣһҪһʱϵңʮһһۣóһӡֻŵĿƬݸ˶Է
УҪҪôţ˵ˣҪûȥĻԼðӿһ¿ƬȻ浽ֻһͦأǲм˵
ΪҲ𣿡ʮһٺһЦǰһʳָĲһǣҪжί
㲻ɣҾͲţҲ֪ǳӷ磬Ȼʮһһʱײʮһ
ݣʮһŸղһײĴУȻ˾룬ֱӾ˵ԣȻӣ
ʮһ֪ҲˣΪƢʱ򣬲еŮģմ
ǸӣܳƵģҪȥĴˣƳһʮһԵȻǲмİһʮһתˣߵ
ȥıӰС˵һ䣡
𣬱֣ڿ㣬ûб˼ʮһ3ͻȻתͷԼæֵţһȭͷȴڹԼûϹʲô
ԭ˵ʱʮһҪĻȴ뵽Ǳ椸ˣ
һΣʮһһ̨µʱеУ
ҪٲҵͬͶҵģҾֱӰͻңԺҲܸңʮһǵһͻȻôɫĸ
ô棿Ȼʮһһ䡣
ðɣЦģʮһˣΪôһ˲侹Ȼ¶ӣ
ǲҪˣΪҺû˽ģӺܲõģʮһ¶һĳӡ
Ĵһ󿴼ʮһҪѪ˵ӣͻȻЦһ£Ǳߵ¬ѾǹҶϵ绰ˣС˵һ䣺ˣԺ㣡
ʮһȴѾɵˣ椾ȻԼЦˣȻ˵ǰҲйһΣʮһҷһξǲһģΪһЦĺƤһҪǣ椻ĶԼ˵ˣ
ĪǣİԼˣǸⰡԼǴӦػǴӦأǴӦأֻܱȴӦˣʮһֿ֪ʼ˼ˣӦʶһһĿ
ǣʮһȴǷ֣Ȼɫе䣬ȴûж֣ɵ֮ǰ˵ԺԼεͬʱҲһС⣡
ʦѾϵˣ˵ø߰飬ֱӹȥͿˣҵ˵ʦṦʱҲֵĺܿģ¬ʱ˹ϻһ˿˷ܵɫأ
̫лˣֱӾ͹ȥɣ¬ȵĻ֮ʮһ飬תЦŶ¬˵
ǰ˵رйʮһһֱΪǿˣ¬֪ԭʵ⻹Ҫ˽ŵС磬ͽչȥ尡
ʮһͻȻ뷨ԼԺҪкӣҲһǲҲţܺùԼʮһɣҲ֪Ǹûүүôģⲻ̫ˣ
ʦһܸ˵ģС͸һϲйԭļ׶صģһξ˵߰ʲô飬ǼʲôӳˣһǵĻˣʲôˮڣļ¬ȵǾû¿ˣһֱʮһ˵
ˮ⣿ӢҲзˮʦ𣿡ʮһһüеĻô֮ǰôûȥǲμӱأ
Ӧеģһӷλ˵ǺģʦĹôпҲʶأ¬ȵ˵ͷʮһ˵
ʮһûٻش𣬶Ǽˮʦϲʶ˵ûʲôӰ죬ҪϣǸ԰Լæ
ʱܿ죬ʮһûûԼʱ䳤أӾѾͣˣǲһ͹濴ʲôģʮһΪһƷķˮʦǿģ


825 С
һӹʮһеõĴ𰸣ͷеԼ֪ȥˣǶҲûʲô취ֻεİһۣ˭ͶŮ˺ݲأ
߰ɣʦֱӽȥˣǶأѾкˣ³֮¬Ⱦǰ·ˣһֱӴӴԱߵеĲ˽ȥ
ʮһԺԵĸоڽ⹤һ˲䣬ɽͼеĨе궯ļӦŵζˣͺһרҵԻͻȻ·һҰϵǰŵζƵģ
ŵĳԼ治ʱĴи֮ʮһ֪ҵأȴûͣڳ֮䴩ȴͣһƤǰƤǿŵģҲǿԿţ
ˣҵѣ¬ȶһӭӣſ˫۾˹ȥ
¬ȣˣλӣҲͬſ˫۱¬ȣ
һĻʮһɵһ񺮣Ļͬеѽܰתһ룬ȴתͷһȴǵõ˶Էһʾȭͷ
Ҹһ£λҵʦ¬ŷĸ첲Ϳ˸ʮһָһ˵λС㣬ĺѣ
ҵѷǼһұ磬ܴ֣¬ָԵķʮһ˽ܣ
ã飬¬Ѿ˵ˣֻǲ֪ҪʲôأѰ˻Ѱ¬Ƚ֮ʮһһ֣֮󣬱΢ЦŶʮһֱ˵⣡
ʮһһ֪һ£˹ֱӰֱ˵ĿˣҪǻڹڣôţҲñ˴֮亮֮˵Ⱑ
ѰˣһŮȻ˼ҶѾֱ˵ˣʮһҲͲٷϻҲֱ˵ԼĿģ
ǲ֪Ҫİ飬Ҫ೤ʱ䣿ʾʮһߣȻʮһλƽʵ
ϣȻԽԽãʱĻڻ˵ʮһҲ̾˿ȻʱԽԽˣҲζıܿľҵֻʮһȴָоıڹԼȻĻһοԼ֮ĵıֽʱͿԻԼˣ
ȻԽԼΪʲôԼֱӻأ
ֻʮһҲ֪ıԼҴ˵ĻУıԸЩɱ˵ģÿһζֻǴˣ
ʮһǵ֮ǰغ˵֯ɳȥ׷ɱˣֻҪ⣬Ͳɵڶˣ֯еΨһһ©ȴҲиǰᣬǾǱ׷ɱ֮Ҫ㹻ʵſõ
Ϊ¬ȵĹϵأҿѵİڴϿһµϢһ֮󣬾ҪķȡˣʮһĻ֮󣬳һ£˵Լľϣ
л̫лˣʮһҲûȥҲѾǷˣԼһ¾ֱӸǮǷԵò˼ˣ
ˣٺ٣ҿ¬˵Ṧģҵ㹦ͿˣٺһЦʮһ˵
Ļʮһһε̵еֱˣҲãԼһ㹦鵹Ҳǻˣ
û⣬ҾͽһǳĹ򣡡ʮһЦŶ˵ʹ÷¬ȫǿģһ˷ܵĿʮһ
ʮһ˵Ļ֮ȴĵĵһʮһΪ֪ʮһֿʼˣ
ʦǾͿʼɣ¬ȺֱӵĶʮһ˵
Ǳ߲Ҫȴ𣿡ʮһеܲеֱˣҪҪ˵ôֱӣӣһԼĻǺΣ
Ŷ˼ΪҪѧϰǱˣʮһľٶ֮Щ˼˵Ǳ˹ȥ¬ȺʮһҲǸһ˹ȥ
ףһҪȥߵͽɣһֱӣߵһеͺǰֱ˵Լ飡
ŶԣҪţλȴҡͷͬⷨľ
Ϊʲôһ䣡
ΪиԼᣬһҪȥİɯԼأλҲǷĸף˵һ֮󣬾ֻתԵļλ˵ϣ١ϣͽˣ̻ǱѾ˵ˣ˵֮ǲ鷳ģǾܷľͺˣ
һҪȥʲôҪģ͸߷ͿˣλͷַԸһ֮󣬱Цһ£ת뿪ˣ


826 鷳
ǺðɣǲԸĴӦתʮһ˵ǲ˼ˣҽͲѧˣ
ûϵģǾ͵ȷʱѧͿˣʮһ˵һ䡣
ҪҺ˰ɣ߻кöҪأ¬Ҳվ˳˵
ʦǾ׼뿪ʱȴǴһе˷ܵ
ʮһƺ֮Цһ£תʵѾע⵽ԷˣֻԼγҪıģЩˮ֮£
ղǸͷĻ񻹺鷳ӣֻѾ˼ҽгˣװûѾˣ
١ϰû뵽ﶼ˼ңʮһЦȥû⿪ڽסʮһǷӵ١ϣʮһôҲû뵽ȻԷ
ϷҲû뵽ٴʦ١ʮһĺܿˣΪ鷳ˣʮһĻţʮһеþȵģ
Һ϶ʦ١һ߸˵ĺʮһкһȴסһͷ
˵ԵļˣȴˢˢĶʮһȭݼʦ
⼸Уô֮ǰ١һȥǲμӷˮЭķԱ⼸ʮһûмˣ
ʮһ֪ǼʶģָźģΪ˴ʮһ¼ȫǱʮһյľٶ۷ˣ
ȻʦʦɹˣһȻǷͬ찡λϣ١ϵкҲǼæ˹ʮһʱ򣬲ɵһ£ЦݵСʮһǰ˫ֱ֣Ӿʮһ
ʦλӢߵͷߣ١ϵĽҲǼʱϵָʱ򣬸պûˣ
ŶϺã̧̫ˣʮһҲǼæ֣Ȼ֪ϼһô϶ԭ򣬵νֲЦˣô˵˼ǿͿģûԼ
ʶ𣿡ʱ򣬷ǷӦ˹ɻĶʮһ˵
ȷʵʮһҲ֪ôش١ȷʵʶֻȴʶֻõ˵ͷ
Ǿ̫ˣǲһ°ɣȵһˣڽҹ򣡡Եúǿģ֮ǰʮһĻϾͿԽһ㹦ˣȴûʲôɣȴˣ
ǰʦˣоо١ϴ˿ѾǽʮһԼˣȻʮһֻƷʦʵۼʮһƽ÷ˮֵ١ϣǮϵˣͨƵʶʮһɵϣжѾĬʮһʵ
ǾǣʦҪʱҺ١˵ϻϴ˿ҲǼæ˵
ǺðɣǵǱ˵ɣʮһкΣ˶ѻ˵̶ֳˣҪ˵ʲôԵĻҲδЩ̫ˣ±ָһߵųľ˵
ʵʮһлһ⣬ԵĻЩȫյȥʱӹзˮЭߵŵʱҲʹԼⷽǿһЩϾλҲƷķˮʦ
úúã١ӦãǺ˱һߵĳȥųΣʮһȥұһ˵λãȴкܴλã״ʮһֱߣ١Ϻֱߵλã
¬ȴֻںһţ˲֪ӢｻʲôǴ˲ϵĳǱȻӦǺ͹йأ
١ϣϣ˵һô°ɣˡֱԣҹȻзˮ⣬ǶϵҪƽӦòʲôɣʮһ֮Ƕλ˵Ϊڽ֮ѾҹеˣҲⲢʲô⣡
ʦȻǿˣʵҲȷʵʦ˵ˮҺ١ˣǿƽ˵ģֻֻһʼ⣬ȴôļˣʮһһƨ̾һ˵
ֻǾˮҪƽʱȴǳ⣬Ľ͢˲ˣһеһ´̣˵Ҫ飬˵ʲôĴڣ֮£Ҳֻˣ


827 ƾʧ
ʦҲ֪ô˵Ƕˣ˵ʵѾܲˣĺ´̵ʵǺǿģ൱ǵƷʦģοǽ͢ʥҲûа취
Ǹʱ١մӹڲμｲһ¹ڵ飬ȻͳȥȾȥˣǺʱѾҹˣһϼƣߵˣ
֮͸оܵЩԣ󣬺ʲôڴ򶷣ں棬ͽˣǾ߽ȴ߳ˣ
ǿλĺڱ˸˰Χţ´̵ҲץһֻϱǶһŲ֪ʲôĶ
Һôһֱţ˵ǸûӦô£һ൱ƷʦļһȻ˸˸Χģһֻƾʥǿķţ١ϽӹϵĻʮһţ
ֻǲ֪ǣʮһеˣΪЩȤǸĸƷķˮʦʮһҲסƷʦֻҪʱĥϲſԣ
ԣλߵ֮ŵ𾪣ʮһûȤֻ֪󵽵ôˣʲôˣ
ʱ١Ҳ˵صˣֻ˵Ǿ˫ڽŵʱȴͻȻһ£ʥ֮Ϲâʢȵâȥʱ򣬺´̺ǰ˸˾ȫʧˣ
ʧˣʮһȵʵ
ţôʧˣͺֹһҺϽǰ鿴ܶˣҲûзʲô쳣ĵط˻ɻʱȴͻȻֽһȺˣǽ͢Ա֮ǰյʧģ´̵ϢŸģ
Ҫʱ򣬿Ű׹⣬ֻ֮ˣȻһ϶ǻͬǽȻͽƽ͢˾١ʮһĻ˵ͷȻż˵
Χʲô֮ģʮһһüѯʵ
ӦûУҺûв̽ʲô١ʮһʻûиҰѻ˵̫ΪһͱʮһҲ˵˵ûУʮһȴվһȦ˵Χ󷨣
ʮһҲȷʵ١ϵĻش֮վӣ˵һ䣬ǰȥʮһΧûʲôأȻĻƾʧŸˣҪݱɴԽˣ
˵һֿܣǾǸ´̿񵱳İüϵǰ㣬ֱӾǿһС͵ĴţⲢϺǵʱڽսʱʱϲǣȻѾˣôҲ˵Ҫ˶ãֻͬҪټһͿˣ
ۺֻһˣǾŸ֮䴥ĳٽ㣬Ȼ󴥶ĻأŸ˱һȥˣ
Եλ˵Ķֽսλõʱʮһվ۾һᣬȻ΢΢һüΪȻʲôûиܵζﲢûʲô쳣
˫֮ʮһվڲԶ١˵˵һµǾŸ˵ľվλ𣿡
ԣ١ϵ˵ͷһԵ·ϼһѱиʯʮһΧ
ſʯں֮ʮһɫ䣬Χ˿ʯмһ飬Χİ˿ʯǳһԲΣȥòƺ޹վλʵȴ̺֮ʮһҲᣬΪھмأ
ΪˣŻ˴󾪣ҪڹڣȻҲͬ𾪣ȴˣֻΪڹ⣬ȴ֪֮һֺܶˮʦǲ֮
ʦʲô֣١Ȼǿʮһϵ֮ɫѯʵ
еüĿǻһɻҪоһ£ʮһüͷȻǶ١˵ģȴǲûпԷ˫һֱŵſʯ
١Ҳ⣬֪ʮһ϶ʲôأܻشԼѾܲˣҪ֪ˮʦɻʱ򣬱˴ŵˣ
ԣ١Ϻ϶һ֮ȻæҪ߹¬ȺͷסˣȴûȥΪֱӾߵʮһ״Ȼһ仰˵ͣ
ʮһӻóһŷʳָָ֮䣬һָ˷֮ϣ
١ϵ˾ЩɻΪзˣҪڴһָأô֪зһǷķ˼


828 ɽ
һûʲô̫ĹЧȴһ㣬κεȲ˵ģǾǸ֪Լǿʹ֮ˣΧһеĸ֪ͺñ˵֮ǰ壬ôʹ֮󣬺пܾͻﵽʮ߸࣡
ֻһ˭ʹþͿԵģҪԷзǳǿԣλҪһģ١ϵ˲֪ǣʮһѾСһˣ
ķ񼫣޷ֶҺѰʮһ˫һѰµʱʮһ֮еķȻһԣſʯмǿȥ
䣡
ʯײһƵģм䱻ΧŵǿʯʱĽһһֱۿʮһٶķ¬ȣֱӾס۾ǻǱ䵽Ƶģ
ʧ֮ʮһ׳ǵҲʧˣ١ϺҲǻһۣǴӶԷ֮пɻͲ⣡
Ψһ֪ȥģҲֻʮһˣ
ʱʮһڱ˿ֻ۾֪ЩʲôʮһʱȴѾŷڵ̽Ѱţ
ű׳ȥķȻȻҲڵˣ
ʮһĵط²Ϳǰ㣬ôһһܴĿռģΪǾŸ˾󷨵Ĵ֮£˵¿ռģ
ǰ˸֮ǰվλã֮еһּ򵥵Ķݵֻ֮ܶеĶݵһ㲻ͬѣ
ĶݵֻʹΪ֮˶£һǲܹάֺܳʱģ󲿷ֳҲάʱѾǺܶˣ
ͨʹõĶݵȴǿʹʩ֮֮ͬڵȫ£һֱӶĶеһռ䣡
ȥеΣֱӵ˵±ȻһĿռ䣬ڵ½Ŀռ䣬ҪôǴңҪôĹأ
ǰ˸Ҫź̽¿ռ䣬ԲǴʲôģҼȻѡ£кܴİʰ̵ģ
ԣʱ˿̵ʮһѰŵµǸνĶռ䣡
Լһӵʱ䣬ʮһ˫ۣ˫֮дһ˿˼һԣڴĿ١ϣʵ⸽ǲпɽǽʯĶԣ
ھ幫ĵطһʯ󣬷ʯӹǴ￪ɹģشʮһϣΪ⸽Ҫ١֪Ķܶ࣬ϾԴӶǰӢʹڲˣ
ţȥһ°ɣʮһ˵ͷһȻ˵ӣ
õģҪ׼һЩʲô𣿡Ȼ֪ʮһҪʲôǵʮһĻ֮󣬻ǵͷӦˣΪ١ϻһ취ûأϾʮһа취ˣ
׼ʲôֻ߳ǶλͲҪٴˣΪܻΣգʮһҡҡͷ١϶˵
ȿȣɲһ£жΣգʵģҲڳʮһ˵Ļ֮˶Ҫѯʵģ
˵ˣŵǣʮǶȰǱ߶Աȫ߰ɣʮһȻЦһ£ʹϵ˸оϻģ
ʦҲȥ¬ʮһĻСŹ˵
ͬʱҲǸ˹һڴĿʮһ˵ȻҲſԸȥģ
ԣҵģʮһҲѧеֱӣ¬ȵѯʣֱӾǸɴϵľܾˣΪʹԷ׷ԵɣֱӾǰɶԷˣ
Ŷðɣǵʦ¬ʮһĴ𰸺֮Ҳǲھᣬ˵ЩΣǵͷͬˣ
Ǿɣһֱӹȥ١ϺϣǶλʱﶴڵҾˣʮһ˵ͷλߴ˸ккŷ¬ȥ
Ҳû뿪ǰʮһҪֱӾһ˵ĳ˽ȥʮһһΧȽ⣡
ˣھҪǹˣʮһתɫŷ¬ˣҲһվıֱ󣬲ż˵򽲾һԵֻ飬һһ򣬵ڶһԷһЩٶȣѧ٣ǾͿǸ˵ˣ
ʮһ֮Իô˵Ϊ¶Էûû˵ľ̹ʲôģæˣϻҪȥʯأ
ʮһ£ʾԷˣ˫־Ϳʼˣһ֮һװƱǴˣ
ûʮһ뵽ģҪ̸еĹҲֻаˣϾƻǲҪ⴫úãǣƾѾ㹻ˣ
һƷ֮ʮһûмڼ򣬶ȸһһʱ䣬ȵȫãĵ˵ͷ֮ʮһſʼ׼


829 ָѾ
ڶ飬ʮһúԭһӾͿԴƷһξȻʮ֮ãȵʮһչʱ򣬷¬Ѿǳ׵ɵˣ֮ǰʮһÿ죬ǻòǺһ˾ȫĿˣ
оŰɣҾˣвĵطͱ˴оһ£ҪʵڲĻʱʹ绰ңʮһߵԣЦ˵
ʦͷİɣǻĺúѧϰģ¬ʮһĻЦŻӦ
ǰͷİɣǱѾкˣͿԵǱˣֻǵıǴ飬ΪǴӦ˱˵ģӺ𣬾ͿһֱҪǵϢˣҲǼæ˵
󷨶Ǽ˵ҪǵϢʲôѰ֮˵Ƭ𣿡
ƬֻУھʹ㣡ʮһ˵óֻѡһһϮȹƬıͺٴȹλȥĸ촩ģȻֻģֻƬϵıǹŵҸЦݣһͷĳ
һֻֻţָǰʲôƵģ΢΢촽Ҳڸǰߵ˵ʲôƵģ
Ϊʱʮһһ߸ıգһߵϷııҲҪץʮһҪҷãʱİť
õģһһñ༭ϵģʱҪдʲô˵ͿˣʵļһģӵʮһƬɵñƬϵŮˣû뵽ʮһ߸һ޵ŮƬȴҲһŮ
ţ鷳ˣˣʮһ˵ͷʹ뿪ˣ
˲ûѡǾôһ·˻ȥҲûжʮһ֪Ҳ֪֪ʮһѡ·ĿľϣͻȻĳսǸѰңԽ˰ѰҵŮӣ
ʱ䲻֪͹ȥ˽ʱҲѾ߽ںܾˣպ·һҿȵ꣬Ҳ֪ΪúȻʱ⣬͸棬ⲢǺܺãƺֻһ
ҺȱȰɣʮһֱ·ʱһԵȴͻȻ˵ˣȻᣬʮһˣ
Եǿԣʮһ˵ͷ˵ҪȽҵǮ
ҴǮģĻشܰҲֱӣ
ҲûǮʮһˣҿû˵Ҫ򳵣ȻĻûǮɾ͸Цˣ
ʲô㲻ΪװûǮİɣûǮϴǮģû٣ΪʲôҸҲᶮֻҪ֪ʵˣʮһһŵӣˬĳ͵
û˵ʲôʲôʮһһĻ֮󣬵ĿʮһĮʵ
ʲôнʲôղڻɸǵƷţ׬ǮȥȿȣʮһˬĿһ˵תҪߣ
ҸһȥֱӾһסʮһֱۣ˵һ䣡
һ˲䣬ʮһȫסˣʮһû뵽ͻȻץסԼû뵽ԼȾٶӦҲǼæɿץʮһ֣
ʱ䣬֮еΣʮһţԼҪҪȥ׬ǮȿȣȴţԼΪʲôͻȻٶ
ᣡ
ʱʮһֻȴˣʮһóһ£Ǹİĺ룬Ҳ֪˭ˣ֮ͨߴһǺܴĹ
ãӢױ糤Ƿģ
Ŷãʮһش
ҪѰҵ˵ƬѾյˣֻǲ֪ƬԱߵĻҪôдأǱ߲׼Ĺٴ
˵Ļʮһסˣһ˲ӿǧȴǲ֪˵һˣô˵Ǻ⣡
֮ǰѾ˵Щ˿ҲǾе㲻ʣ
ָѾˣ͵ˣʮһһ֮󣬵Ķŵ绰˵
ôһ仰Ǵ飬˵ܶ໰Ŷ绰ǱʮһĻ֮һ£û뵽Ȼֻô̵ļ֣Ѿֽͱʶ׼ˣ
ţһ仰Ϳˣллˣʮһŵ绰˵
ǺõģʲôûеĻҾȹҵ绰ˣ绰ͷ糤ʮһĴ֮󣬺òĶʮһ˵
ûˣʮһһ֮˾ǹҶ˵绰


830 
绰Ҳʹʮһ֮ٴλָ
ֻҲûټߣֱ߽˿ȵ꣬ΪǱҲѾǴ绰ˣ˵ѾܰĶˣѺܶܰı綼ͷֻǮĶһѣȴµʱ䣡
ȻʮһͽƬǾ仰˸УҲǽЩȫ˸ϴ
Щ֣ʮһ΢ЦſһȻҲ֪ʮһ뷨ԱͬĿȣ
ţȻ֪ǽϿܻΣգҵʱ˲ڵȿȵļЪʮһһŷݸС˵
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ʮһĴһֳۣ֮Ψһһ˸ûעǣСĻһ䣡
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ҪΣգõĻ׳ȥʱʹһʮһϲ㣬ʲôħ֣ǶĻģ׼ַ£ʮһƺ⣬ּ˵
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ȷôԣЦѯʵҪǻƽʱʮһ϶ῪĵĽгģֻ£ʮһȴôҲЦΪЦôôɱЦЦģҲ֪ΪʲôʮһЦϤĸо
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ǺǣȿȣȿȣʮһֻõεЦһ£õĿȾͺһڣҲҿʱ򣬸иˣ
ʮһֽҪ˵һ飬ҲóһŷԷ
ȵ˺꿧ȣĵʱʱҲѾǹȥ˺ܾˣ˱⳵˵ַ֮󣬱ǰ˿ɽڵĸ
ûãھ֮ǰ˵ʯͲһλͣΪǰѾǲҪ֤ͨˣΪǰѾ˽˵ؽˣ
ԭһ绰ͿԵģʮһûôڸиǮ֮˱˳ֻҲûѡߴ·С·ȥģ
ͨθǮʮһŷ֣ѾǽҶһˣоȻװ˺öӢʮһˣѵŷԪ
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ʮһҡҡͷһ·תһ£һͣһ£ƹɽеѲԱ˿ǰѾڵȴŵӰʮһ֪϶١Ϻˣ
λǰõˣʮһǰҲѾǵλȥ
ûûУϼһˣϹһЦ˵
ǲʶеģ˴˽һ֮һ˱ſȥʱĿѾһ˶ûˣֻȴ洦ɼһЩĹߣҲߵñȽϴæڼЩҲʲôֵǮĶɽ»ôദѲߵԱ
һ󶴣ʮһǸоһѪ֮ʹʮһɵһüôŨصѪôģ
ֻʮһȴǷ֣֮⣬˰Ѫ֮Ϊеļһﶼû˿Ĳ
ʮһתͷһԷҲ΢΢ҡҡͷеɻɵøӵˣôصѪΪʲôֻԼŵõأ
Ȼɻ󣬵ʮһû˵Ǽǰȥһ֮󣬳һ·
ʮһһ·ڣ١ϺϣҲọ́Ҫ鿴һ¸ıߣ
ֻǶȴǷϵָ뾹Ȼָŵµģɵȫסˣȴֻǰһֱûлͷʮһ˵Ǿ׼ȥɣ
ʦͿˣôȥ١һʵǿǿģʮһǴͷβû̵ģʾǵ£Ҫôȥ֮ǰҲѯʹģȻҲȥµͨǲһŴԼֻиʮӣֱִ׵ģ
ҲǸողſȥķܼ򵥣ʮһ΢΢Цһ£ӻŷһһţȻ˵ϣȻʲôǾʲô
ԣȫ߶ʮһϣ
ʮһ÷֮˫ֿʼһӡ˫ҲǿʼһɫâʱƣӡҲԽԽ࣬ʮһ˫֮ϵɫâҲԽԽŨʢ


831 Ĺ
˿βˣڿЦⶫôѧ
˷ʱֻʮһһݵָ
ʮһ˫Ҳǰһȣ͵ŵȥĵһ˲䣬ѻڵϵЩΪɶµĸɳʯȫܴȥͺм䷢˱ըȻըЩƵģ
ڵĸˣȫǱͻȻĻҳǺˣֻȴûһʲôģΪǶ֪ؼʱϾҪˣ
Ҳʱҳո£δɢʱֻʮһһҵĲǧҪ߶ˣ
˾ǿʮһֳ£Ļĵ洦˽ȥֻգ۵ʱ䣬ʮһӰѾʧǵУȻô˵ȥˣ
ҵǸΪʮһõһˣ˵
еĻ١Ϻ϶˶һۣȻϿһѾǱһȦȦƣ˯һĵ棬һͷ˽ȥ
١ϼ״Ҳǽȥ
ұǿ١ȥʱȴĮͻȻ˵
ĻҲԥΪ֪˵滰ǽ١ϵȥҲǽһˣȫȥˣ
ȫµʱԭ·ˮһ㣬ŲƵĵ棬ҲǽĻָԭ״˿ȥȱĵɾ֮ܶ⣬ûκεĲ
ʱʮһʧĵطռͻȻŤ˼Ӱϸ֮£ɷһˣǺΨһ˫۾¶棬ʹ˿Ǹʲôӣ
˺أʲôһ˵ѯƵģֻ˵ĻȻǺֻȥһЩŶѣ
ֻ֪ͷйķˮʦһڲһڷ˾Ͳˣһλ˵ˣ˵ȴһڵĺ
أϽȥ˱˭ԣһŵĺ˵ˣ
˵֮󣬾û˵ˣ˵Ӱٶ˸žֵʱǰ㣬ռŤ˼֮Ӱȫʧˣ
ʱ˿̣ʮһѾǵ˰ٶ׵ĵ£ܿĿռ䣬Լֱ߱ȥͨʮһ֪ԼĲ²ˣ¹һĹأҿܵǽڣȻ֪ʲôĹȴҲƶϵóôҲüʱˣ
ֻǲ֪ĹϱôһʯģʯĿɾȻûӰ쵽ĹĹ߾ǣĹ
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ʮһоʱȴתͷȥԭϺ١Ҳˣû׼ȻصʱûȣҿǣٶȺ͸߶ȣǰĹѨϱǽڸ߶ȼģ
ȻĻϺ١ϹͷҪǲˤɢˣǾ˹ˣ
ʯĵ£ˤ۵ĺΣվһȦ֮һԵʮһѯʵ
ѵһĹأ١ҲվߵǽʯҲʮһѯʵ
ͨߵʯһܴıڻһڣȵİ׺ߣʲôߵǰкܶ˹ڹƵģ
ұߵıڻϣǻŰ˸̧һλͷڵᣬһתǸڵߣԷһȣ
ȷʵһĹأû´Ļ˵Ǹ´̶ʧǸȣӦþʯǸɣʮһ˵ͷ˵ϵϢǣͷһˣݵλǺܸߣ
Ϊڻȣݵλ
Ӧþˣϱ߶һźܴĺƱһˮ򣡡ʮһĻĿһֺۣ١ϽһϢ֮󣬶ʮһ˵ͷ˵ǽ֮У͸һЩ죡
Ǻ´ͻȻҲʥǵķˮ֮УȻͱ˸˰Χˣžһʧˣⲻ֪ʲô˵ĹѨڣڻͬϱҲǳȣ
ϴڸʲôأѰ˼ʱ򣬸ȴҲվţɵʵ
оĹѨ˻ʲôöأʮһЦһ£˵ĻʹϺ١һ£û뵽ʮһѾʼĹѨˣ
ǵһᣬȴûʮһɵһüӦǳʲôˣ


832 
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㶪˸Σգµģʮһһ۸Уת˵߰ɣȻˣҪһ£Ǹʧĺ´̺ȣӦöأ
ʮһ˵֮󣬾һȥк١ԼϣҲֻøʮһһ·ǰУ
һ·û˵ΪʮһһҲǸоԽԽŨѪϢͨԵʯǶŵľʯԽԽСĽ
ԼԼĪһӵӣʮһͣΪǵǰ濴һڵĴţϱ߹ͺͺģһװλŻʲôģȫûУ
ڵĹˣ١Ͽǰסȥ·ĺţһ˿ɻ󣬴һ˿˷ܵ˵
ԸɣʮһûиȷеĴ𰸣Ϊֱ鲻ôļ򵥣
ؼҪôȥûƵĿĵطǰһڵţʵֻȻˣǸиʮһôˣҲ֪ĹѨ֮ûŪ֮ǰǲҪĺã
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ǺǣʵֶҵԵĶһЩеĻ󣬺ٺһЦЩ԰վ˳˵
Ϳģϻʮһ˴١ȴǲͷ˵һ䣡
ٺ٣ҲǰٿವģñƵģȡһŷ˵ķСϣ˵ʦ洫İרƽЩĹѨĹŵģҲҪͷˣ
ʦǻ⼼أϵʦ氡ЦĿϣʦŻģкǲ⣡
ֻǸ˵֮ԭЩϣȴһĨΣƺܲûش仰Ƶģ
רŵĹ׬ǮɣҪͶûеĻǶ˶ˣ١ȴһԲ۲˵һ䣡
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ֻ֪Ƕʱ䣬ܶڷˮĵ伮ջˣܶʱķˮʦҲܵзܻڵҪôʵǿһǰǿˣҪôӵ⣬١Ϻģ
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һɲǣҲһ̳𣬶̳һ̣ȴǴݡ֮
ã١ϰһͺ϶ˣӭǰ˳ȥҲǳ̻
ʱһ֮𣬽žʲôڵϣǸղİȫ˸˵ϣ
ʼգʮһûжһ£ֻôվΪŸƿһ˲䣬ѾˣֻװŵĻضѣ㶫˶ʰĻôεҲͲýˣȥҲ
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˵еһķεʯңĿŻһô󣬶ʯ֮ڣȴӣÿһȥнʮôϸ
ЩӴһһεڹײһʯףÿһʯ׵·һСεİۣͺǱϷŵʯҳһ㣡
̽ʯңһȦ֮󣬲ɵЩɻôĵʲôطΪʲôлôʯףһεģ
֮ǰվſڣĻǺǵ߽֮󣬲Ƿ֣һǵʮ˿ʯףĿÿһʯױ߳һңôĸͲһ˰
ԶĹѨǶǶģοǻĻҲûнĹѨıҪˣֻ߳һװһ˰
һңǶ孵ܣҲ߲һ尡οԸߴƵӢأ


833 ĺ
ԣֻһֿܣҪôʮ˿ʯ֮ŵĲˣҪôͲǳˣδ˻ֱ˵С
Ĵһ£Ƿʲô쳣ĵط١ҲǿЩʯ׵Ĳͬ¶ʮһ˵һϣ˷ߣߵʯǰȥһţһ߲ͣĴʯڣϣҳʲô
ϴĲС𣿡վʮһԣСѯʵ
ʵɣҾСȻԱ˱ǶϴǲһģͿ˵ܵСӣС㶼˵˼֣Ǹȴ˵ܶ࣬Ҫ㻹ȥһ°ɣмʮһûдĻɵü˵
ûˣϴֲϹӣôôȥңˣҪˣզ죿ʮһһ۸У˵
ⲻûɶ£ͦϴզô˵أпһܣǲмҲǺܲ˵
㿴Ѿ˰Χ𣿡ʮһһ۸Уеʣ˫ֱʯڲĿյ˵ȻˣͳɣƵģŸԴҳ
ֻʮһĻ֮ܲûκε춯ֻǴʱѾߵ١ϺˣҲһɫŵĿܣȻǲûзʲôȴʮһ޵ķʸ
ҪǳˣʮһһһһöͭǮϷ˳ȥ

ֻͭǮɵյʱȴǺʲôˣһײſռеŤˣԭƽĿУȻһʯˮʱĲƵģȻһһ
֮УȴǽسӰǺȫڵĺʵһ˫۾֮⣬⼸ʮһ֮󣬳ֵǼˣ
ֻȶԣȴ˱ˣ
С㰡Ȼᱻ㷢ˣһˣһ˦ղŴʮһһöͭǮ˾ˣʱǲмĿʮһ˵ҲǺĹ
ʮһûд˵䳰ȷͻȻͷȥҲ̿ȥ˻㱵ʱ䣬ʮһŵͨڣ˵ĽŲԶȥ׷
Ƭ֮Ӱ˵УȵһӰһһ֮ˣӰǸӣʱǱȫţʱĻͷһ׷֮ˣ
֮һֱѾǱѪȾӰʱ˫Ծֻɭ亮ذףһ֮ɫɫ֮·ڵѪֱۣһ㣡
ʱ䣬ȫסˣһϿκƵˣȴǱһѪɫѾһ԰׵Ůӣ׷ŲͣӴţδе̫ˣ
ȣȣңǰǸˣƺþȫźô֣
֮ǰִʮһǸˣһӰѾʮһԣۿžǸܹĺˣѾǺܽˣ
ʱʮһȴǳˣһ죬һŷֱԵĺ˳ȥ
飡
Ҳȫûзʮһģʮһոֵ̧ʱһ˦ӭʮһײ˺ʮһӰһ£˺𾪣û뵽һȻԱ˵Լˣ
Ǿ𾪵ʱʮһӰѾǽź˵ܹǸӭȥ
գۼ䣬ʮһĺѾǽߣֻʮһּ̧䣬һʱѾ׼˵ֱָӾǴ˶Էϣ
һʽʲôǳǿʮһĿȴҲѾﵽˣΪŮҲѾǸϵˣսǿ
֮ľ뱾ͺܽĺ˱ʮһôԵһ£赲ס˼ܶĲȻֻһ˲䣬ȴҲȡ㹻ʱ䣡
ֻеذףһ㣬ĴӺ˵ĲϻзذףȴǺոһ㣡
ͨ
һ𣬽űոĺˣӦˣʮһҲǼæóһˮϣ
ֱʱʮһĺ˿ĺ˲ǷӦһǷŭʮһͬʱҲǳһѺɫĳɱС
ڳĺˣʮһȴǸûһ˿һĶǶһĿУ˵ǰʥģ


834 
ʮһ仰֮ԭյİУҲ֮ǰ˳ֵʱǰ㣬գۼǳӰһһɫĳۣȴһɫ
˸һ֣һ˾һ֣һɫĹâǴˣʮһǸˣ
˲òֹͣ˶ʮһĽһ˦۽ǵ׹䣬һʮһ֮󣬱ǻص֮У
ȻΪ濴òǴ⼸ǽŵ壬ͬʬ嶼ʱȴ˵ľٶ⼸ںǽţ
ǽʲôǿ϶ǽʮһˣΪʮһǿȫ־Ϳɱˣ֮ΨһӵģҲֻ١ϺλƷʦˣ
ԣ˿ǽŵģֻͻȻֵˣУʵߵĿ϶Ǹվм䣬һɫ·ˣӿȥԼʮ꣬°ϵ׺ǵĺ룬ǾرƵģ
עǣһ˫ɫ򣬿ȥǺˣʱ˫ɫЦЦĿŶǼˣ
ˣʮһȤΪڱ̵ְ뷨˭̣Լ˶һְ֮еһλ
ԣ˿ʮһͲ˵ˣǹĵѯԵΣԼôôһ˰
Լ˿⣬ʮһ˰֮Ÿô˵Ƶģ˵˳ʮһ˷ֿʲô飡
ԭڸȥҲȥ֮󣬸ոûãǱ˸סˣ΢һ飬ͱʮһ˦ˣٰ֮󣬺ҲǸʱ䣬˾ֻһԸ
ȴ뵽սôǿȻԽսԽ£ȻǸ˴һ㶷־ûˣ
Ľ֮ʮһҲЩҲǸѾ˵ĺ˸оɱȻսӣ
αô裿ʮһС˵һ䣬ҡҡͷ
ˣȴ֪شʮһ⣬Ҵ𰸻ʮһ⣬Ϊ˵ΪսΪϲսҪͨսͻ֮Ĵ𰸣
һ̣ʮһԼһΪĻشУһ˿ίԼһ㣡
ʮһִǾĮ֮£ʵҲһСŮĵģ
ˣֻʮһŵʱȴǡôĵ˵һ䣬ûʮһҭ
ǽ͢ѪѾ´ˣѵǵͷڹ굱𣿡ʣµ֮УվмǸˣһ˫¶۾˸ĪĹʣضŶĺߣ
ǻôϲԼںУֻΪûҽ͢ĶˣɫĺߣԵúǵ˵Ҳûжٵĸ鲨ʹ˲֪˵仰ʱôģ
һĲҪǽ͢ĶһĽ̻ʴȥģ֮ǰλ˵ĺƺˣϵĺҲڼûпסڵ¿ʼĵˣ
ǵģ˵һ㶼żӣֻ˵仰ȴǿˣ
Ҳ˵仰Ѿ֮ǰ˵ģǴӶԷģǳϹϣȴҲͬʱˣʹˣȻǵģ
ʮһòϣ´̫װˣ˾ǸѶԷ⼸˷ﰡ
ֻҲǣʮһԿóǼ˵ʵƷʦģʵҲǲ࣬´̵ʵʮһȴָоȳ¼ҵļ´ɽ
Ҳ˵ʵѾ൱ƷʦʵˣĻôֳЩ˾һҲǴ򲻹ͷģֻȴԼҪǵԼĻĲٴһƷֲû´ɽ
ΣƥΪǺ´̾޵ѵΪ֯ûκε׼𣿡֮ǰ˵Ǹ˺ǴĶź´˵ȥƺһЩſ
ǰڰһʣأεĺ´̣ǲмʹö˵۾֮УҪһ㣡
׻˵˲˲Ҷ̣Էոһͬ飬ξóˣһ˵ô赭дһӣ


835 Ķ䶷
ǣδ˵Ļûнֻ˵ѵǵĳϣ
εĻ󣬺˵˫ȫ¶֮ɫȻû˵ǺԣѾǳĵʵ뷨
ǿ£ҪʧˣҵѰףѾȥǵĳ̸ȥˣûиʮģǲܸϵˣȻҲǿ˼е֮ɫ˵
ֻΣᱻǸסΪ׵ĺɫеңǿ򶨵ӣ
ֻǣͻȻʮһȴǷһ⣬Ǿ˵ʱ۾ȴǲ䣬ڱûע£͵͵ſеʯ׿һۣʮһһֱעӵĻҲעõ
ѵ⼸˻ʲô֣ʮһʱ˿̵뷨ǾʱԵĽ£Ǹذ׸ĺ˵ȴƮһƵĺɫ壬ӵĻǣ
ˣʮһ۽һֱҲʬ壬ΪڶԷʱѾҪ˵Ļǵ뷨ˣʱˣŹ
Ĺâ΢΢˸һ£ǵƮĻǣ㱻ʮһͨâս֮У
ʮһٶûпȥأ԰´̺Ҳǿ˵ģֻ֮ÿ˵ķӦͬˣ´ֻǵľȺͺ棬ǲʮһôһ㣡
ˣǲȻˣ¶˫֮˸źҪһĿ⣬ΪʮһץߵĻǣͬģһһʮĺֵܣ
ԣǵУʮһѾǱˣʱ죬ͳʮһ˺˳ˣ
ǿҸʲôǰ˰ɣҿɸ˵Сүϲеģʮһ̧ͷ֮󣬿ɰ˸ȫڿɵú˵
СӣҪɱ㣡һһԱһ˵ϴֵܿţĵȥɱСӸ𣡡
ΣǺǻ֮ĶԹûϵϣǸΪ׵ĺˣûȻشԵĺ˵⣬ǿǰĺ´̣
ź˵仰˵˵Ŀⶼǿ˺´̣վһֱۿŵ١Ϻϣ
ֻΨʮһûпź´̣ǿһڶԷʲôʱȴһսûҵһж͸Ź죡
ʮһ֮ĵգһ۾ǻشʮһˣ
Ǻǣϴͷҿûôľȥڣҽ͢ѰʥȻǿģ֮ǰһ֮󣬱Ѿ˴ˣ´ΣǺЦһ£˵Ļȴʹú˫֮¶˷ܵɫ
һߵ١Ϻ϶ȴе㲻֪ˣһ֮˱ǽһ񣬱ٵܵʮһ˵ǰʮһվһ˵ѾǺˣ
´ΣڿһĻ֮ҲǼ˵ԣôôˣǾ֮ģĵȥһˣ
´̵Ļ˵ˣȻ»һʵж֤Լղ˵Ļģ
Ҳ֪ʲôˣΪĴǾһܹʤ𣿶ʹǻʤˣҲѱܵ˺ôǻʲôʸȥĹѨ֮ڵĲͱ˵ϣʱһĶŶѾĺˣ
˵ĺееǸˣ¶һаЦݣ˵䣬Ѿߵ˾ǰϺ١˲ʮˣ
أ𣿡ԷĻ֮󣬽žʵ
Ŷҵľǣһɳһ˵ΣҲ˵ÿֻҪһ˾ͿˣȻĻǾɱֱ֮ϼһɱҲȫɱǵģΪ׵ĺЦŶ˵вǵ˵
ǲҪ̫浱ǲɣһŭݣŭŶ߹ĺ˵
ԣֻҪɱһˣѣôֻһ˶ѣӮˣ¾ʱȥˣôǰ˵ߺٺһЦɫ˵ĵ⣡ƺǰ⼸עҪнԼģΪҲܵģ
ߣǾ˭ϷһսûκԥǰһŶĺ˵ȻҲܲԸȴûа취ô


836 
ʮһǼΪ١ϣŻӦһ˵ģʮһڵطˮʦбȽ츳ˣȻѾڹˣǲô˵ʼնŹڵģ
ͺñȺöǰ׸ǰ㣬װȻȻйģ
ò˵һϣϾֵúܶѧϰʲôǿˣĳЩֻǳȥ˼꣬ͲԼǹˣĸ׶ˣ˵ʲôԼѾ˵ˣ
ϣȴѾ⼸ʮˣȻԱһų֮ģ
һ̣޷˵վ˳һҪһȥĻôȥɣҲѾôˣʮһǾԲµģ
㣿ԣȴ֪ԷϵĻ֮󣬺ǲмҡҡͷ̧һָϵʮһ˵һһҲŲӣһעźָķһ߿Լߵʮһˣ
˵ע£ƶָȴͣˣתͷȥָŵ˲Ǳˣ֮ǰذ׽һλˣȡ
ҪŮӳӦսɱŮӣҪɱ𣡡ߴһָݺݵ˵·һӾͻᱻɱƵģ
⼸еϴǶҴ磬һ㶼ϴСѾͷɣԳƺϴĺˣ˫֮˸һ˿ݵɫ
ϴĻ֮Ҫһǰֻȴ֮ץס󣬶ֻ˵ڣͲڷˣ
˵֮ʮһ£κδ𸴣΢΢һЦһ̤˵ǰֱŶĺϴ
ʮһ֪ǣ˵仰߳ȥʱ˫֮Уȴһ˿ȻҸȻֻһţȴĴڹ
㲻УԲУϿʮһվ֮󣬼æȰ裡
ĺϴȴһ£˵ıȷʵǳԾڽĹѨ֮ǰʹõĶݵָǸոտһ֮סȴҲֻǳԾѣǵУûпԺһսʵ
ںϴУֻԱȵǱӴܵŮӣһսʵˣϺ١ˣһս
㲻䣬˵ˣǸŮɱܣ뵽˴ϴɫưİ˰ָ֣һ˼Բ
䲻䲻˵ģɱң͵͸һ㻹ټսλŮ㱻Ҹɱˣô㻹ʲôʵλŮһսҲ˵ǲˣΪңʮһȴǸͲϴƣ˹˵ţǷһ
ʮһĻѾ˵ȥˣɱңôǰ͸ˣӶԷӦսĻ¾Ļᱻ˵ʮһ˵ˣʮһǺ˵ĵж´̻Ǳߣ
ʱȥĻӮСǴ
ԣʮһģĶԷҲǺϴԼȥս飡
Ȼʮһһ˵֮󣬶ĺϴߣϵĺڲѾǱŻͣˣΪ̫ƵĴµģ
ãȻҪҾͳȫ㣡֮һҪĻҲץϴŭӣڻµʱһӾƽ
ϴ״̬˶һϴı仯ľİվȻշˣһԵĺ´Ҳһ£Ըоϴôò˶ãϴҲͻƵ
ʨӲõȫϴ˫۽ǰضսˣΪԷһçײģֻΪŮ˶ǿͷˣôȻֻһԭˣǾһеģ
ʮһʱȻҲͬڣϴȻ˿ƽľȴûΪԷпܿҪͻƵƷ֮ˣ
ȣûдﵽշ磬ΪΪֱ۸˵ʮһԺĴӶԷϸоŭΪŭʹöԷȥƽӣ
ȻǣϴûлͻƵƷ֮Ϊضһܻǻôһ죬Ҳûпܴﵽ磡
ǻɢأֱʱ򣬽䵱أ
ǵģʮһУϴѾǱˣһҪûлֻصģ
Ȼɱң˵ǻˣҵ嶼Ը㣡ʮһ仰Ц˵ģͺںѿЦƵģֻ仰էȥôһۣ


837 
ںϴʮһ仰˼ʱȴֻʮһ˵ǰᣬҪɱСү
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󣡡
ʮһû˿ԥûʲô֮ǰҪкֹأ˫ֱӾǿٵĽһӡÿƳȥһӡиһһƳĸӡҲһĸ֣
ĸǾеĸ֣һĸӡ֮ʮһɳӯֳһĨЦݣ
һ´ɽսʱ򣬲Լ۸ݽ߶ˣһԣһֱŶܺĿ
ʱ˿̵ĺϴҲǲŸոշӦôҲû뵽˾Ȼ˵־Ͷˣһ׼ʱ䶼һ֣գ۵ʱ䣬ǽԼΧ
ĸĴԼѹÿһϣľ˵ѹƣϴһľĸоͬʱֻŸоǽΪȻĸϸоٽ
򵥵ĸ֣Ȼס·ռ䣬Ҳ˵һ̣ԼҪֻѡȻ
Իû˻Ҫȥϴˣһ̣ϴҲǲκεĺˣѡȫԸ
ֻϴ˫ַ趯ţиǲ֪ʱѾסһ򵶣һĺҲѾ۷֮󣬺ϴֱӾ˵ϣһֱӷͷ棡
ʱʮһĸҲǺȻźϴѹȥһ˲䣬ֹǺϴڳĳʮһ֮⣬ҲǸкû¶֮ɫˣ
֮ˣ١ϺϣԼǸһֱǵ֮ĺ´ΣҲǾȵŴͣ˭û뵽ʮһĸӡôǿ
ΪǿĸЯŸɢѹϴʱ򣬺ϴܵĵֱӾǱ˿
ţϴûб۰סһ˫ȣ֮ǻΪĩȻͷǻΪ˷۳ת˲֮䣬ϴ£ѾȫʧֻŵŨҵѪ֮ԼĸֵƹĵĴƮɢŵĩ͹Ƿۣ
ʱǽϴϰͷʵʵĺӣҲǡһм˿
۵ĶͺһźŵƵģţźϴĺӣ㿪ʼ˵ĲƵģžһһĺڲҲûܹŹһӣ
һ˲䣬еĺɫϴ󱻼ѹ˹ͷһ㣬ΪһƬ̳ƮɢڿУ
˿̣˲ǿµĺϴģֻȴѱɲǻ˭ѾȫΪɻңᵭأֻз˰ɣ
ʮһĸѹȵĺϴ󣬽ʣµϰҲѾʼѪܱѣ֮иѪϰһ·ʣʱȴֻϴлŵ򵶣͵һ٣дһ׼
źϴһֻŵ򵶾ȻһȦȦĺɫ壬һɼаϢʱƮȥ
ֻЩаϢȻȥͣΧۿȴǷһ⣬ǾЩаϢͳ岻ĸѹ
һУʮһȴǺͲƵģͻȻ֣Ƹһ˫ϣ
һ䣡
ܿʮһͬСĴ
ֲ£˵һ䣡
֪㲻£Ůӿ˳ಲãʮһ仰˵ģ֪϶֪Ϊʲôû˵¾ԼҲǲ֪
ļӣҲû˵ôʮһһֻƵǰҺõûϤԱߣȻһΪԾ°͵ڵϵģ
ʮ֮ʮһÿˣΪǰһжѾɶˣ˵ﻹкϴӰԭϴŵλãѾǿտҲǰڵҲѾǲˣ
ԭʮʱ䣬ȻϴٻĵɢаϢÿһγʮһĸȴҲһһĸѹ֮
ڹؼʱֱ̣Իˣ˶Կһɫ㣬ɫ㣬ſ˴ͣĽĸָȥ
ˣϴΪԲ˵ʱȴ֪ʣµƾȻһ˲Ʒһ㣬գ֮ͽϴУ


838 ˭Ҳ
ʱˣȫǿϴľˣΪĿ񱩵ƣڽϴסʱ򣬸Ǽһص̳ʹ˶ǿ
ȵ̳ɢȥڶȥȴﻹкϴӰˣ˵ˣͷûʣ£ȫʧˣϴڵĵϸǿտҲ
һ˲ȫˣ´ôҲû뵽ôһ˾Ȼô׾ٵɱϴҪ֪ϴʵѾӽƷ۷ˣ
ϴʣµĸͬ飬ѾǷˣ̶̵һӲϴɢôܹܵˣлǿһ˿ǵĻĥˣȻֻܲûô׳Ե£
ΪʮһһֻƤǣһһֻ첻µز£һȥҧһڵĶǣ
١Ϻȴǳ׵±ˣΪ֮ǰѾǼʶʮһڷˮ֮ϵˣڼȻǼʶʮһɽ裬ֱѾ˺òã
ˮʮһѾǱֳɽԼಷϵĳˣѾֻҽϣѾͨˣ
ڶ˵ⶼѾҪˣΪ˵ûκεûжٷˮʦһ֮еһŪأ
οʮһڵʵֻƷʦȴѾɱһ൱Ʒ۷ĵˣһǺɵӣ
һ̣١Ϻϱ˴˶һۣȻһ˲䣬һһǰԲľǾǶ˾ԺʮһģֻΪ׷иߵľ磡
˶֪Ҳûע⵽ǣ̳ɢϴȥһ̣ʮһһֻĵһָ˳ȥӺϴΪ֮ǰƮһƺ̣ǺϴĻǣ
Ȼƻǣ㱻ʮһ͵͵ս֮У⻹ֹһƺҲǱʮһĵս֮Уǰ򵶵ĵ꣡
ںϴĻǱսеʱʮһûʲô飬ǵеʱʮһȴһ˿˷ܣת˲֮䣬ʮһɫͻָˣ
ϴѾˣ֪Ǹղ˵Ļ㲻㰡ڷӦ֮󣬺ſǰһ˫ֲоһ˵ĵϲƵģ
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ǾͺãȻղŵʻţҲûйʢˣΪ֪ʮһڵ״̬ʲôģϾȻ濴ȥɣһںأοղһĸ֣൱֮͵ģһǼķģ
Ա߿ǻһţĺ´أţأһɫϼһͻȻ֣ҪԼЩȫһѶ˵Ļ¾Ҫˣ
뵽⣬ʣµĸҲ뵽ˣֻĸ˿ȥǺܵĵӣ
Ȼ֮־ѾˣǾȫ뿪ɣûǵˣʱ򣬺´Ҳǿ˵ˣ
֪뿪ĻǵĽ͢᲻ǵ鷳أ´̵Ļϲûֱӱ̬תһʮһʮһ΢΢һͷ֮󣬲תź´˵
ǺǣǾ뿪Ϳԣ͢ǵ鷳ˣԽ͢´̵Ǳ֤͢Ժ󲻻鷳һᾡǵЭᷢչ´̺ǺһЦ֣ص˵
ǼȻˣǾ߰ɣ´̵ı֤֮󣬿ʵȴѯʮһ
ߣǽ˭Ҳߣʱ֮ǰشǸȴͻȻ˵ˣ֮ſѾһЩĿˣ
֮ô˵Ϊڳſģǰģʣĸ˶Ϊģȴ˵˭ҲߵĻֱѾ޼ˣ
ֻ˵Ļʮһȴɫкȫ١Ϻ϶ˣҲǱк࣡
Ϊʮһôڵһأ֪˵ҪЩʲôֱ´ǱߵĿģпܣ֮ǰʯģǸȨȺǶڣ
֮Իô룬Ϊʮһ֪һʹͬԴķ֮䣬˴˲Ӧַһ㶼һģǷһͬһ˺ܾúܾã˴֮Ѿǲϵģ


839 ΪΪʳ
֮ǰӱڻĻҲǿóǶںǸȨȣһܾãǸνһν̻ʣ˲֪ˣ
ԣںȨ֮䣬пѾ˸Ӧˣ
ԣǸʧĺ´̣ŻǸǳΪʥȨȣĿ޷ǾҪƾ跨֮ĸӦѰҵǶڣ
ڿЦ𣿻˵ǻʲô֣ʮһĴڷٵתʱǱߵĺ´һǰ˵ͬʱϵһɢ˳ȥֱӾӭĸѹ˹ȥ
Ʒ֮˭Խӵģԣ´ϵƷ֮ɢĸѹʱĸ˾ǿٵĻе򵶣ϣԵֿסԷƣ
ֻǣǻ򵶵ʱʮһ˫֮һ˿⣡
Σ㲻Ҫ̫ſΪ´̾޵ΪϴˣǾ𣿡ĸһߵǰ棬˵
ϴǻʲôӰ𣿡´˵Ļ󣬲ɵþúǸЦм˵
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԰ʦǻһ뿪ɣ١Ҳ͵
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ϴ㣡вûʮһΪ˽ʮһûаյ飬Ȳѡʮһǲȥģ
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һƨϽ뿪ʮһû˵Ѱ˼ôʲô˵أԭѹû߰
ʵϴ󡭡мͻȻľٶҲתͷҪ˵
ǣʮһ˽һ죬ʮһ֪Ҫ˵ʲôֱӾǴ˸еĻ˵ϻһߵ֮ǰλãֱӰɫǽϣȻҽ̸Ŀھżһȥ
ˣϽ߰ɣҲ˭Ҳɱҵģʮһ˵֮ǻ˻֣ϼȥ
Ҳߣȴ֪ͺһͷţһ㣬ǿҪ
˵һֱڸģƺǿʮһеŭǲһ䣡
Ǻðɣʮһһ֮ˣε̾˿˵ʾ˿ˣ
ȥ֮ʮһٴԭ·أֻȥʱ򣬲뿪ʱôɣźĻȥģ
ʮһ˸ոߵʯҵſڣǲڼٵı任ţǿڴһ㣡
͵͵ȥĸںͺ´սں´ԵµĻʱȻҲս֮Уȴǰź´̵ģһĽź´̣
ԭˣҲԲǺ´̵ĶֵģǴʱḷ́һѪɼǣҿƣ˿ϻž綾ΪѪȻǺɫģ˿ҲѾʼָˣ
ԣڳее΢˫Ȼֳ˽ֲµľ棬ֻò˶ã´̾ͻΪѹƲסصɢֲס仰˵´ܣֻʱѣ
ʮһ˫ȴһֱĸŵ򵶣İѵһϴʹõǰһ
뵽ʮһͻȻԾڵϵģ֮ǰɱǸˣֱҲǷôһ򵶣ֻµλãһЩΣΪԼҪȥʰȡ򵶵ĻƱػᱻս߸֣
ֻǣʮһŶȥΪǸǲܵģʮһģΪΪʳοһ
뵽ʮһֱӾǴǵȥʬԣǰ򵶣ֱӾסʱ䣬â˸źɫĹ


840 Ҫ
֮ʮһе򵶣ǱѾע⵽ĵ߸˳ȥǼƣͺУļһʯͷȥ֦վŵļֻСƵģ
Сӣһ˴ŭһһ˦һ˳ֱӾǽʮһ׳ȥ򵶴ڵϣ
ϴҶɱο⼸ˣҿɸ˵ҸղžģɱңȻĻҾֱһǣʮһ˵Ļżˣ󻹴ҡڵߵʯֱӾ˽µʯϣ
ʮһҲ˳ĬĬվʮһԣ˫֮иһذף֮ǰѪֱֻۣҲѾˣ
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ģһԣǸ϶Ӧһкһˣһֵϣϴ𣡡
˹ĸˣʮһϿźܽŵӣʵѾֿ˻ˣΪȫǾе򵶣
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λʵͬƷʦĸ֣һغ϶ûмͱʮһУѶʲôʵʮһսĺˣʱѾǱѿˣǻиոճʱıɱ֮ɫ
׷˲Ӭһ㣬˼ûκνľǴ˹ʶʶǣһһתźȥ
ʱ˻ӣѵ˴ʱ˿еΨһ뷨
ʮһһתܣҲһ£ôľ籾һأֵǱԼɱӦ÷˷һĻŵԼƴ
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㣬㣬ħ㵽Ҫʲô֮ûô޵ģҲҾͷ·ˣƵطȻһô󣬵ҲôСɲΪԼܵùɷǣ
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⻰˵ľе㲻ˣ˵ӦҲǻ˰ɣʮһҡҡͷϷӽģʽŴ۾Ŷĺˣ
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㿴Ҹ㽲ʮһԷĻͻȻЦˣȻĴһۣץѵһԵΰأŲԶĺ˵ʼǸΪȳִҵͬ飬űɱǰɣ
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ȻǵϴҲģôҲСɱˣҲ㲻ҵͷϰɣʮһԷ˵ĵһ仰֮󣬱Ǽ˵


841 ʮ
㲻Ӷˣشʮһ⣬شᣬÿشһΣԼϾͱԷͱһ
ˣ͸ӦùˣΪҲȶֵĶ԰ɣֻǳŷģֻǳе˶ѣʮһʣµĺ˵2
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˵㲻ҪʲôһжǱȵİʮһǺһЦȻ˵ѵɣȻĻҿǲ
ôģ㻹ҪѵΪҪҪɱĻѵҾɱ𣿡ʮһһƺڳɣɵü˵ɫϸǱ¶һֲм
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ԣһ֣򵶾ͱ˳ȥõʮһĽ£
ʮһ֮е˷ѾǿҪƲסˣ᲻Զվŵĺӣ֮йâİѵҲȫһ˿ĺɫΣһţеİ򵶱ȫ˵ϣ֮缸һ㣡

ʱһҲǴʹԭ»Ѿ´һһڵأ´ΣҲǺܺܵӣ֮ǰеĶѾǿҪѹƲסˣ
Ҳ֪һʲôȻʹһôţ˶ֿס
ʮһƳһǱߵսһۣƲһͣڳлŵĸ˵ʵһҲǰ׷ѣһѾû˶־ĺˣһԼ˲Լĺ´̣
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ڰ˺ģӭϣȫɻ󲻽ʱʣµĺȴһļ֮ɫ˵䣬ֱӹ˵ϣһ˫۾֮¶һ֮ɫضϿյʮ˿ʯף
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ⱾǹڲŻеΪʲôֻܵǰţͲһķˮʦܹյģ
ʮһţǹڵƷʦ֮ķˮʦҲû˻ᣬΪѾʧ˺ܶˣھ֮УҲֻǼ򵥵ᵽʶѣ
ھеļأʮףνʮײǼ򵥵һſֵģǰЩʯװڷһģ
мʯף๰ԣβ³ĸڷĿʯףȻʯףΧһȱߵΣ
һʮ˿ʯףǹһ㣬ʱ˿̣ʮ˿ʯױµǣô£أ
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ѾˣΪȥˣȥӭӴˣһУΪӭӴϵĻع飡ƺܿģ˫֮˷ܵɫѾҪۿˣ
ܵģƷ֮ôܻᱻǸɱأҡҡͷ˵Ȼ˵ţɫȴѾЩǷˣΪѾӦˣûгĻ綼ѾӦóˣ
ⶼѾôõʱˣ»ûг֣˵һǳʲôˣֻȻˣǲţ±ʵѾǲˣлǽ͢ʥôܻô׵ľأ
Ǻǣһͻ֪ˣ˵һ´̣ǵĽ̻ˣҲȻûκõģǿǵĴϰſЦ֮޼ޣ˿ǰĺ´̷У
ߣΣǵĴ綼ѾʮˣôܻҲû˵֯µĴˣһһһţٴγֵʱѾվ˺ĵǰŭĿźģ飬Ѿɱˣ


842 ƶ
ô㻹ҪɱҲɣǿЦҶʹǿ˽ģѾǸˣôɱңҲǼͻȻǰֻȴȫں֮Ȼޱȣ
ߣϷھɱ㣬㿴һǷɱ㣿˵Ĵֻ᲻־㣿´˵̧ƣֱӸɴź˹ȥӣǴһԷˣ
ۿһƾҪ򵽺ĵˣǺȴûһ˿һľŻ߿־壡

ں´̵ƾĵ岻һʱʯȴһϵһĳ֣Ǻ´̻Ǻģʮһǲܶˣˣ·ʯڵһжܹƵģ
һ·ʱ䶼Ѿֹһ㣬ֻǼ˵۾ܶ
Ҫ˵𾪵ģӦʮһˣֻͻȻֵʮһȴǳ׵׵ıסˣΪǷˮ֮еǰҲùֻҪǽĻ֮ϣ
ֱһֳڣͰ˸סģģο˼⻹һӶסһռ䣬ʮһԸоõʯȫסˣҪʲôʵſõ
ٰھеļأҪһ־ͶסˣҲҪƷϣﵽʦ֮ϵ֣ʮһ뵽һֿܣǾ˺пѾƷ֮ˣ㲻ǵ֮ʮһҲѾƷ۷壬ֻ̤Ʒĸˣ
뵽ʮһ͸оһ飬亹ǲôأкܶҪȥأ
˭αعģ´ȻԾûʮһǰԾֻΪ˵֮ʹʲôѣԣʵ
ӭϣµڰģӭӴϻع飡ȴֱӡͷ˵ϣϵ˵Ӹڼ
ʱʮһȴǸоڵ·ǧɢһʱ䣬ʮһԼԭסܶ壬ȻԶˣ
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ΪʲôûӭңѲǳӲ˲ɣʯٴǵϵȥƮ죬˸жϲǴﴫģ
ֻʮһȴת飬ĶʯΧŵλã洹ֱԵλãȻﻹһƬƽ̹ʮһҿ϶˵֮˾·
Ǳ͢ĸ´֮ˣأĸϽشȻȥҲôһƵģ⻰ѹ֮ƣʹ²ѣ
һԵĺ´ΣͷҲѾ˺ˮΪôʱˣԷﶼǲһ˿Ĳ
ûãϵп˵һ䣬ֻ˵͢ڻ÷ǽ̻𣿡
ϵո£´̾һûסһѪ˳Ϊ⻰ʱθоһƺҪѹѹӿֲܶӲ֮£ϼˣһѪ
ǣҲΪѪȴǷԼԶˣֻȻԶˣȴʲô쳣ľٶ̶̵ĽӴ֮£ѾǲˣԼͻȻֵģĿ˵Ĵ֮䣬źܴʵģ
̻ȷʵ÷ˣʵʵĻشȻϲûָҪȴҲɵ
ǱߵСһȻѾϷҲ֪Ϸôһֱ˵ҲأͻȻ䣬ϵٶ˵Ļȴʹκͺȫסˣ
ȻκͺĶˣԼͬһߵʮһΪʯڳǣҲֻʮһˣ
СʮһݼǰʮһԼѾԷˣҲֱӳˣһǿͿģŶԷ˫ֱȭһ£
ƣʮһƺڳ˰ֻ֮˵ʶ
ʶʮһشĺܹϣҲܸɴ࣬Ϊȷʵû˵ʲôҲû˵Լĳ˽ֵģ
ʶҲ޷ֻҪƣȫϵӦһȻתһɾǿѹʮһǵһӿ
һ˲䣬κͺȫΪʮһˣΪ֮ǰѹԶûôŨ´̶ûһѪ˳ˣοڵѹôܲ


843 ֮
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ϵĻʮһѾ֪ˣһ죬лǳУʮһæٷɿ죬̶̵ʱ䣬Ѿʮָ˳ȥÿлϣлϵĺɫ嶼Ũһ֣
žŰʮһָȫʱлѾǺڹʢֻɽҰɭл
գ֮䣬ѹѹĹǿʼʯڲѹ˹ȥʮһǰʮ׵ľʱȴǲٶˣ
һĻκͺȫ쳣ǵУʮһѹѹһƬͺҪ֮ǰǺںһƬƬƣѾѹͷһ㣡
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κͺĶ˱ֻʮһǸ˺ɫСɢɭȻڲϵıɢѹĥţʮһǱеĺɫСϣȴҲǲϵӿɫ·ûֹһ㣡
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˵ʲô˵ʮһϵĵһνУʮһռϷģȻǶֻ֪ɢѹѣ
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Լһ֮лɢȥĹѾǲʯңʮ˿ʯ׺ȫǰУ
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Ŵϵ£ʯͻȻһľǰеʮ˿ʯ׵ȫ˿һʮ죡
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ʮ׹ȻĿˣµҲǸˣ
̳ɢȥ֮ʱκͺĿʯмλóֵǿڳεʯף¶˳Ծı飬һתǿѾߵʯԱߵʮһǸӵˣ
ʮһҿϵʯףͻȻһͷţһ㣬ʮһһҪʮһȥҪƴļƣ
ֻǾҪʱȴһһ̲һ˵ϣһֱܽγˣ
׻˵ձ仰ͬκͺĵϣȻж˵ģҪɱģûģοһ޷ĺģ
ûбҲбֻϣ뿪Ļ÷̻ʴˣεɫѾǲҰֽˣ˵ϢҲѾһЩˣʮһ


844 ص
εĻʮһתͷ˶Էһۣһ˲Ժ˼ĵͷȴǶȥĺĵʬһţһƻǱǱӲץ˳ֺöҪײҪο⻹ǰ׼ģ

ʮһתͷ֮󣬿ǰʯףʯ׵Ĺ׸ǱԵһģʱʯ׸Ӧɣ
ݣ
ʯ׸Ƿɳһɲǣʯ֮һɫĶ˳ȻʮһȻȥף벻һأ
ʮһһֻһŻɫķ˦˳ȥб顱һ촫ǵɫĲҺֱӱճ˻ҽֻȴûʯڣƮһԵλã
ǺֶΰʮףȻڸ֮ͼУСӻúܰʮһʯгֵĶ˵
ʯڲǴϵ壬һ¹ڣͷλþȻһöڣʮһȷǱڻϿǶڣ
¹ڣֱߣڷһȨȣҲǱڻϳֵǸ
һУʮһ˵ղǾ仰֮ҲĺһΪĶˣ
ĵľǣϲʯ֮УĶˣǶˣôͺпҪԶĹѨˣˣҲпܻᱻۣ
ֻȴȻҶģΪǴϣҲѡʯڣΪʮףΣһʯڣôһʬٵ·֮£
һҲʯڣȻɱʯ׿һ˲䣬ͳ׵ѹǶڶȴű״ģǣ֮ʵ᳤пܻܵ
ѡڶ֣ʯ·ĵ£Ȼʯ׿ʱ򲻻ֱȴҲǿǰģֻҪʮ֮󣬵ȴʹĿĴﵽҲǲȫˣʵǿԾ
ԣʮһղžڻλ˼ԼڴϵλϣǴϣôһԥѡڶ֣
ʯҲûƵģǾһҪ׼֮󿪹ײſԣ֮ûκõģ
֮ǰǵϵԼйֻµһƵѣػʯףʯڼ֮ڱ㱻˴򿪣
ʮһ֮ԸôȻȻĶһѣҲһ㣬Ϊ֮ǰĽȻܶݣʮһѾԶ϶ⲻǴϱˣֻǶԷһƵˣ
ΪԷǴϱ˵ĻԷֱӽʮ׷ˣȲƽԼлŷ
ֻǣϵĲ֮ʮһȴҲˣҵõĻһȥ˶ԷȻĻһѹ׷ɱԼ
ʮף£ǷԲһٹҲƽϵģ֮ҲǵģԣϵĲ֮޴Ѱ
Ǻöʮһֹһץʯ֮еڣΪʲôҪץأʱҲܼ򵥣Ϊ
ǾΪôɣʮһȴʹʮһһסˣ˺ٴαʩ˶Ƶģ
ʮһͻȻĳֵһĻٶȣܵʮһǰһ״˫֮ذףһ䱸ĿΣ
ĺˣҲʲôģοľٶ֮̾һ˵ȻйˣҲ֪ʲô壡
ʮһȻľڸոʮһӦͷʱѾվҪʮһһӵ뷨ˣ֮ǰʮһֱ֣Ҳ˵еˣѣ
οУһ뷨ǾûʥֻʮһˣùϵʱʮһõʥҪ׵ĻҲ̸һЩ
ڣʮһõʥ֮Ҫκδ۾ûʥθǲȥģΪҲҪõһģ
ǣһˣûдùʮһôʥҲûûϣˣ
ֻûʥȨȣ
ǶڣѾκεϣˣ
ʱʮһѾǳ׵ıסˣ˶Ǵ±ʵ״̬УΪڵһ˲䣬һʹϱߣ˳ֱָӴ䵽ľ֮У
ͬʱڵĹҲǼٵת֮ڸǿʼǹص
룬ԼڵҲڷţֻǼʱ䣬֮ھǿʼ
ûһҪͣļ󣬼ʮһڵľ͵


845 ֲ
ת䣬ʮһڵƷʦľȥûʮһҪͻȻ֮ӿȥͻƷʦʹԼ̤Ʒʦľ磡
ʱţۼڰڵԽԽ࣬ʮһĵ£һһĳƷʦ
䣡
ͻȻ䣬ʮһڷһ죬ʮһƶϵϢʼûͻƵƷˮʦľף
ڿľԼǱĵʮһǿϲģʮһԸоõڵʵҪǰǿ̫ˣ´ɽǸƥĻһҪʶԼ
һ֮ʮһվ˽һСʱ壬˶ΪϴݹǹصѾֹͣˣ
ʮһڸڵı仯ʱȴסˣΪڵ֮ϣȻһڣȥʯеһģһ
ôô°ѵʯڵǶڱԼˣʮһ뵽˴ɵŤͷһʯ֮ڣȴǷǶڻ
⵽ʲôʮһˣСֹһ䣬ȴǷ֣ʯ֮ڵں֮ǰȣôһЩͬˣ
֮ǰȥţӣǳڣȥȻǹɣʮһȴǲѾˣ
ʮһæ˫ۣĲ鿴ŵڵǶڣ־Ȼ飬û뵽ھȻѾǲˣȻ콣һģ
˫֮ʮһ֣ڵ鱻Լ֮ȨϵĹҲˣ˫֣ץסںȨȣʮһתȴǿһߵѾ۾ɵţ۾ǰˣ
ʱȷʵѾ𾪳ȫԭֻϣܹõûȨȾѾˣû뵽ȴڶǱˣ
Ҫ֪ںȨȱһģʱҲǽ͢ģֻһν̻ȥϵۣν̻ʽӹܽ͢ʱȴǲ֪ģھʧˣ
ǣ
ȻʮһںȨóʱһ춯ֻ֮ʮһǰʯܿʼȥ
ҿˣҪСүӦĿ죬ҪôĵȥˣʮһæһԣװܾŵץŵȨţ
һ֮ʯȥԭܵʯ壬ҲٶȺһ𣬵֮ٶȱһƬƽ̹
ʮһǺһЦǸ֮һĹѨʱ̣ƴһʵջ񲻷ưֻǿϧ˵а˸˵ģһҲ֪ȥȥˣ
Ҿǿ̸һ£ʮһת׼ʱȴǼæһһ˵
ͣ
˭֪ʮһȴһֹμǰеĽŲ֮еںȨȣһԵУʾ˵һȥ
һʼΪʮһǲ̸лҪʹʮһ̸أǷҪȥֱ֪̻֮ͨʴʮһ̸
ǣʮһվôص֪֮ˣӦҪʲôˣֻûвѣ
Ȼʹа̫֪ˣʮһüĴһ֮ͻȻ˵һƵزصĸʲôղ㲻ҵĶ֣ѵڻκεҲɣ
Сӣ㲻Ҫ̫ſ񣬾ƷʦΣȵϷ֮ʱ֮գǲϵյʯ֮ٶ
㲻ΪصʱСүӢװɣֲţҸҪ㣿ʮһǲмĿǽڴﲻ֪ʱʯھȻһͻ˳
ͻʯϣʼɢһһĻɫ壬ʱ䲻˵עУǻɫûһߵӰ
һɫۣ׵ĺа֮°϶ӵˣߵɫȴ൱ĺϾȻûһƣֻһжʮһעģʮһעߵһ˫۾
һ˫䲻Э۾Ϊʲôô˵أ
Ϊ۾ȷʵ˴Сûʲô˵ұߵ۾ȴߵ۾ôüţʮһĿһ£ͷҪ۴ֹܻ
ѿ⺢Ӿֱվʮһ׵λã˳ʮһ߿ԺĿͻȻûߵģֻȻ˵úСȴҲʹʮһС۵߿ü


846 ʮѪӤ
СŮ޾ǷǳϷʱ򣬾ͰֵӰͷ֮ǰ˵ĴϣʱȴһЦĿһֻֻĸǰ׳ĺӣֻҪǴС֮зίζǿǸˣ
å仰ģʮһģôģָҵԼ棬ϷԼߵŮӵļһˣοһͷ
СӣΪϷһƵκβǷΪϷû±ֶˣϺǺһЦʮһ˵
ڴϻµʱܴһĺ֮žǿʯڷ˺öʯ壡
ʯʮ˿飬֮ǰڰУȻڵϵİڵʮ˿ʯϵĹ׸ǣ
ʮ˿׸ڵ֮ʯҵ¶һӾͽҿ֮лżŨѪ֮ʱʹһߵδһ飡
˵ϷаǾ㿴һа֮ٿ˽ŵɫ֮ȴǷǳĵ⣬δ䣬ֻӰȻʼ䵭
ǺݰȻЩѪ֮ͯϣôҪɱСүֻǿϧעɱСүʮһ˫һ䵭Ĵϣ˵
Ϸ֪СӲ򵥣ɱ㣬ҲҪ֪Ϸ³ȵϷ֮󣬼ʹعڣҲҪ׷ȥɱ㣬ȻϷߵĶȴҲŭֻһ
ҵĺǣɣǰȫ˺Ѱɣ
仰Ȼܼ򵥣Ҳ׶ȥȴǺĳصٻƵģ֮󣬴ϵξǳ׵ʧˣ
ڴϵĵӰʧʱʮһȴɫ÷ǳĽţ˫Ҳ΢΢һֱӾ˳ʮ׵ķΧվʮ׵Χ
һߵĺ´ڶݵһ֮ҲǻƵʮһ˵ԣ
λŮʿ뿪ɣҾˣֻϣȥһ½̻ʴˣվʮһ֮С˵
ǺǣãʮһЦһ£ת˵ȨȽ̴˰ɣ
飬ǲںģȨҲģֻʮһոշŵģʮһĻ󣬱ǽȨȵݸ˺´Σ
ƣ÷̻ʴԼн͢Աл㣡´Σ˫ֽӹȨȣɫ˵˵һӹ
ڣѾӦòĵˣֻ֪ʮһǶʥѾΪʧ󣬶Űһʧ˵ģھȻʧˣ
лĻһ˵ڻиҪҪأʮһҲǼæԷڽȨȽԷֻΪʮһͨý͢Ĺ㣡
Ϊ֪͢һһɺӵǿڣԼҪѰıأȻѾзǱߵıæҲилǮϵЩС磬ǶӢװ
͢Ͳһˣɢŷ޵ģ͢ϰԼȥѰҵĻôҵĿܿɾ͸ӵĴˣ
ʮһĻ£ʯڵѪ֮͸ӵŨˣžεɴ۾鷢ˣ
ֻʮ˿ʯ֮ڣһֻ֣Ѿǲ֮ܳΪˣֻ˵ֵĶˣ
һʮֻÿһֻȥǽʮֲǽָֻͷѾ߰˹ֳˣֻÿһǺϸȥȻҲа빫ִϸѾǺܲˣ
ÿһָͷ棬ѾûжˣҲ˵ֻʣ¹ͷˣҰײҰ׵ģ
ţͿһһߵĹǼӴʯ֮վ˳ʮһ˵עУλƵ˳Ѿû򣬺ڶѾͽضʮһ
ǵģֻʮһţƺȫûвεĴƵģ
ʲôôôа񣿡οǰֵЩãѯʵ
ʮѪӤʮһĴһ䣬˵ЩãںܶǰֻһЩճһµӤѣÿιͬΪӤѪ⣬ÿһ¶ЩӤ֮ѡһȻѪ֮Уеȫȥ
ɴ˶ʼÿһ¶ѡһӤֱʮ˸µʱѪ֮Ѿʮ˾߱ȥѪĹͷˣ
ʮһ˵ʱȴЩɻˣʵǰô˵ʮ˾òӦôİ
ȷʵǾԲܳһ׵ģܶи߰ʮ־Ѿǲˣ


847 Ʒ֮
ǣǰʮ˾ãȴÿһһһңе㲻ѧİ
ΪЩӤȥѪʱûҲ˵ˣ껹ûԴϾӲӲקĽЩͷ쵽ȣ
Щ쵽ȣֻΪģΪӵĻЩõʵŻõ̶ȵķӣ
ʮһ˵ʱʮ˾õϾȻѾǿʼɢѪ֮ˣͬʱÿһҲǺʱҪɢܵ壬ʮһʱѹ
ʮ˾ãȻûһк۵ӵеʵôôǿβʵΪֱ˿̣Ƿʮ˾õʵȻûһǺۼǽ͢Ļʵ
˵ʲô˵ûκεˣ״̬ȫʢҲ򲻹ʮ˾ãƴɱʮ˾ãҲԻ˲
벻Ҫһֻһ֣ʮһоԵе㼤ɫתͷʵ
ţʮһѯ֮ĵһͷ
ʮһЦһ£ɫһ䣬˫ǰٵĽһӡ˫ַһ𣬶ͻȻԷֿʱԺһɢѹĻᣡ
ɽͼ
ʮһ֮ǰɫģΪΪʯ֮еʮ˾ѾǴﵽƷ֮ΪϵʵѾȷƷ֮ˣô⿴һԺҲ϶ţвеģ
ǣʮ˸ôʯצӵʱѾǲٵˣΪѾԲˣЩҲֻƷѣ
Ҫǻ֮ǰûпʯףóںȨȣƷʦʱһʮ˾ӵƷʦʵãǧ壬ޱȣôҲֻĶˣ
ǣҲѾǽƷʦ֮ˣӵƷʦʵˣȻͲٺ⼸ˣ
ȻЩǰǿǿɱҪɱģȻĻͻᱻԷɱ˰
ԣʮһŻֱӾٻɽͼĿǰ˵˾ԣǿĹǾ;ɽͼˣԵôĵ֣
ˮ֮⣡ʮһǰһָʱһɰĺˮ֮Ŷʮֻó˹ȥ
һֻʮһһбǽеȫΧһ𣬽һ֮󣬱ǽŵʮһĽ£һԾǴ˳ȥ˲ǱʮֻƬˮ֮ûˣ
ֻǣ֪ǣڵµʱһԵĺ´ȴ۵ᶼˣǿڰĳ˵ǱȨȻҪİô˵ڵ¾ڵˣ
ҿڵʱӣֱ֮İξ͸ӵˣоԼĶšһˣ
εЩ뷨ʮһҲûע⵽ΪʱھԼղһأû뵽һȻôĴ
֮ǰںͳ´ɽƥֵʱ򣬲ûôǿʱԼǻʹɽ֮أ
ǣգ֮ʮһһԼԴԼôôɵأʱԼƷʦأҲǸոգԼѾƷʦˣ
´ɽƥô˵ҲǸƷ֮ǰЩҲֻڵԼƽѣҪǶɽ֮ʰЩãҲ̫ˣ
ʱǰޱȵĺˮ֮ҲɢȥοǰһĻʱ˶סˣһֻҲŵϴ
Ϊ֮ǰѪʮֻãȻʧˣŶҲȫʧˣǲһֻںƴɱ
ǣʮֻأѵôһ˲ʱ䣬ȫʧˣѵղͻȻֵĺˮ֮ôǿ
ξԼĴԣ·𶼲תˣΪʲôʮһÿһչֳʵôı뺷ÿһγֶôĺˣǲŸոͻƵƷ
һֱ֮ʮֻͬӵƷ֮ãţʮһĻһֻҲԲˣһһֻģ
ʮһеҲˣжˣʵһ֣Խһ㣬ΪֻʵˣбԼҪ֮˵ıǮ
˫ٴνһӡǸԺɽͼ㱻ս˵֮Уպɽͼ֮ʮһϵڣȻ;Ŀսһ
ֻе˫ֽذף·ɣʮһ֣ٶҲǱǰ˺ܶ࣬ٶȣͱҲǷǳǿ


848 ̱
ıϹѩǲͬģϹѩΪѧϰ˷ˮʦ֮еһɽҸеĳ޻䳤ķ
ıȫΪӶϰõĽ֮ԼģҲһЩսʽԣĳЩ˵ıսͨȫûģ൱Ʒ֮õĻʹƾŲܶܺöǧϵĺҲԱѣ
ǣȴǶ˲ͬΪһߣʮһضֹϵְҵǺ棬ΪԺҪԵˣо֮еǿߣ
֮ԻŮȣΪǻ򶷵ˣȻ̨Ҳǻ򶷵ģп̨µֵǱģڵҲǲ²͸̨µʵģ
Ҫ֪ŶսУ̨¿ûУһնŶ˺۵ģ
ŶʲôĴڣոѾѾԺͰüϵǸӣôôʱȥˣؾǼҲֻĶӵķݣ
룡
ʱֻսһãΪһذ˺ڶۿУŭĺһȻͺǱȼӵһ㣬һӾըˣȻըˣָ壬Ƣ
ֻֻϸֳצӱһץסذףþȫҪѵȴǸ޼£ֻõʵ̫ˣ
ʱǷŭģΪѲֻõΪʮһּʮֻãôˣȻһֻûһôţ
뵽һҧֱӾɿذףҲȥֻã˫һȻǻõ࣬˫ҲǰٵıȻȻٵõƣ
ٶΧ֧òͣתţÿͣһ£˫ֶ֧Ĵƣ˷һΣҲһĳȥʮƣ
Ӱٴͣʱȴ֮ͣǰʼλϣֻ촽΢

һ£ֻážһӱ㱬ը˿֫ȫ˿ˤڵϷ
λʮһǱͻ֮ʣĴסˣֶΣ˵ˣʮһǴûм
־ٶУٴ׶ЧͺǹսӰУЩƳУǲϵҪбƵһһըҩ
Ȼվһİһô򵥣ʱҲȷʵˣñըķ֮˫һţͬڵϵذףͱץУ
ǵĻصʮһԣֻʮһȴǿԴ£оõԷеİģ
ΪھԼʱĿԼһۣʮһɵе㷢£ô£Լûе椰ɣ
û°ɣôоңʮһ
ֻǲûеõκλشʮһΪ椲ûжأתȥȴǷֵһۣǵģȻһۣʲô̱
ֻǾôŵʱȴǸоűһȭÿ֪˭ʮһǲˣ
ҡҡͷʮһ㲻ͻȻˣת˵ѾһˣҪ뿪ˣҪһ𣿡
ǺǣȻһ뿪ɣλʮһһȭأ֪УʮһֳʵҪʮһһȭԷ޷ܣǲܵģ
ǣȴʵʵڵķˣ˵ʲô˵ʮһǹⲻȥܵôҲζţ˼¼Ĵֶѣ
˱ֱվԭأδ·ֱӾ˳ȥϣȻǴʯĿ֮УʮһζŸոδ뿪ʱʹõɵе棡
˼ξһ֣ȻһĹĻͽ˰סˣǿԼһһȥϷİʯҲûпֹ˿
ʮһĽԼҪôŷҪôǽһѵӡſԶݵأ˱˰
ʮһ֪ǣʹõķǽ͢Ĳ֮أֻ͢к´ϵ˲пѧϰҲ˵ŷôĵط͢ĻԱǶţëϰҲ޼ģ
ȻÿҶн͢ÿеͷҲ൱ں´̵ʵ֮ܲĺ´Ҳֻа˸


849 ȫѹ
һ·ſȥ˲һӵʱ򣬾ǼǰмӰǿȥȴǺڴ򶷣Ϊ￴ȥӰ´£ͣվĻôϴأ
ǵĻôҪôǶද֢ҪôǾ񲡣֮һ仰вˣ
ѵѳˣҲǿǰüͷ˵
ֻ仰µʱԵʮһѾӰˣҲǽų˳ȥ
һ֮ҲǼæϣȺŽսȥ
δܵǰʮһѾˣǰһ߸ӰǰģǺģȴʶģ֮ǰ뿪ĸк١ˣ
ʱ߸ڻսǵģսûĿĵĻսԼߵ˲֮⣬˭ʹ˭˭ΣվǸ˭ôһ£
˿ȥҲûܵʲô˺ϾˣĸˣʵҲ١࣬ټϸУ˷ǳеˣ
ǣⲢʮһˬô˵ԼˣǲԵģ
ʮһ뽻սʮ׵ʱ򣬱ֱʱѾǵսȦ֮УȭӣǱˣ
ʮһ˫ֱץӣŵѵ棬ڶԷľֵУֱӾһ˹
̤Ьٴȫѹ򰡣ѵ֮ʮһ̲ס˵飬ɵ뵽仰
ĹȴҲϵˣذǰһ̽±״̬µĺӣʲôûзӦʱ򣬾ǽһ
ֻʮһӵлҲע˲ˣΪǵĻֻֿܣһΪūͶ̥֮գս֮лɢ
ոʻʱʮһҲٶȽڵսУһ˸ȫǶ
ûӣȥĺϴͺǵͬ飬ʮһ֮ǰŵ֮㣬û뵽ʱ򣬶ԷȻԼˣ
ʱҲǸϵˣǱˤڵϵˣתѾ̯һڵϵĺˣ𾪵ͬʱҲһң
ȻΪһαʮһʵ嵽ˣҵǣԼⷽûֻһ˶ѣͬʱǶԿ˶Ķʹ֯Ϊͷʹİڰ飬ڽ죬ȫûˣ
л飡뵽Լͬڿ֮󣬾ҪٶʮһƴɵüæҡҡͷȻʮһ˵
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ʮһһ˾һߣҾһɵˣ˵ĻҲǺܿ˵οҪ͢أ
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ſƬëëպֱˮģŤŤӢģʮһͷЦӦʵʱȴ̲סһ䣬صصӢдӢģҲզûдĺÿأ
δ˵Ļ뿪֮ʮһҲһ뿪ֻȥʱ򣬾·ȥˣΪ١Ϻϴ·
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١ϣ𣿡ʮһͣӣ١ϣ˵ͣ£Ҳȫͣ
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ǺǣȷʵոĹѨ֮ڵʱ򣬻Եɺ֮ͻˣʮһҲҲûʲôģǺǺһЦش١ϵ⣡


850 ƴʦ
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ѽߣվ˵ʲôȥⲮס˵ģϻδʮһ˵ֱЦʮһ١ţǱѾȺŵĳȥǺ͸гʱԼ´绰ģ
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١ҲǸϵĻ˵԰ò˶ãҪƺΪƴʦˣ
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ֻǵʮһش֮϶Ѿ׼õ˵ǣδſ죬Ǳ˻ȥΪԭΪʮһ˵һƷƷʦ֮ģȴĳʮһֱ˵һôţĴڡ
һӰǿˮ綥Ĵڰ١Ҳסˣһӣǹڵģ뿪ڣڹģûһˮʦǲصģ
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԰һǰѾʦ֮ôˣѾҪۼԼˣ١ϵĻҲһȻӦ˹
ȿȣ١ϣϣǶ˵ʲôأôеΣʲôϵʮһ˼ĴͷʳԼеʣ


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ϵ˼˵󲿷ֵķˮʦԼķڲôһ󣿡ʮһɻѯʵ
ţȷʵǣ١ϵ˵ͷ˵Һ֮ⷿڲ¾ôȣŻǳԾ
ԭȷʵǽеʱ̫ˣͲʮһ˵ͷ˼˵
ǰŽм갡Ҳп˰ϴ󣿡һģĵ٩һʮһ
ֻ٩һ仰ȴʹ١Ϻ϶ˣ°ͶڵϣǽƷʦľ磿ȷǿ
ôôϷƽôô氡治𰡣ݣ
ǵԺصˣҲҪһӵĻܸһ㣡ʮһԵ˵ͷС˵һ䣡
١Ϻȫǲķһۣ㻹ô찡⻹찡ǲе̫Ƿһ㰡
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з𣿡ʮһԲ̲˵ôһ䣡
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ָѾˣ͵ˣʮһϢ֮󣬵ݸ˶ϲ鿴
Ȼǳľ԰١Ͽ֮󣬷ĵ˵һ䡣
ҵʮһЦҡҡͷԼȷʵǳģôôҲأ
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ֻ֮ʮһ˳ˣһֻűӣеεתһţֻһʮһûеһʱͽȥ濴һ֮Žȥģ
ףвĿʮһϵķţʮһһδ򿪵ķǰһεʱ򣬸ЦˣΪ֪ʮһΪʲôȥֳˣұ黹ôһˣ
Ϊһ䣡
ʵϵÿ䶼жģ֮֮ԻһΪϾп˿Ҫʱܲý˼ȥ﷽ɣ
ֻǣʮһѡҲǹ׼ˣΪ¥һа˸ңȴֻôһ䣬û뵽ͱѡˣ
֮ʮһǼ͵ģֱ˵ذϣ
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ʮһ֮йâ˸âĬھֱֲָӾǴ֮ק˰˵ɫģĺӰÿӰʮֳ̣ϸȥͺǰСƵģ
Ǻ߰ҲûпʮһűץŵİСߣ¶һȻ˵ɫ
ú߻ģҲǱĲðֺֻܻ߻ǧһҲ֪һǴģһһӾǰ֮࣡ʮһץŰСߵ΢΢ĸһ㣬ĴԽԽľ
ΪС߾ȻǺеߣǰÿһвƷߵʵΪ̫֮ǿᣬӲǽߴ˵֮УȻǿʹɵĻʮһټߵʱ򣬾Ѿˣ
Ͼǿǰ߰һǰƷ֮ĺߣھ֮Ҳߵĵλܲ
ֻ߻ȴǰں۰˵ʵ̫ûзӳٵãҪǻһƷ֮ʹõĻЧصĲˣ
춼ҸסˣҪɽͼڵͰʮһ˫֮˸˷ܵĹâߺ߻㹻ɽͼڵˣֻɽͼڵͣôɽͼɽǿ


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ңһͣôɽͼڵɽĳΪһʵ֮еôϡٰ
οƷƷҪѰҵһڵĻҪҵһֱѱȵ죡
뵽ʮһɵѵЩͻƵƷʦ֮ʦҲǸҵһôأ
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һǲҪʮһ֣СȻѾǳģˣҿӣƺɽͼеɽҲϲڿʮһ֮󣬺ǿĵľҲûǰÿοʮһʱ־ˣ
ǰȥҲС߲̫СʮһҲǲǣһ˿ЦݣֻͷƬɽͼУǻ谵յʱʮһʼ˼ˣ
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СĶ֪ܶʱСıӶʪʪӣ
ݣСĨԻķ˸ۣǺܲʮһ˵˵㲻ԵģԼȥҳԵ
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ݣĨʮһĻ󣬽Ȼæͷʾ˵˵Ķԣ
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ǱߵĺɫС֮ĨĽʾȷʵˣֻֻצȴǲͣץŪʮһͷ
ϽȻԺ󲻸Եˣʮһ˵ҪĨͷץСһȴеִʮһֻóʳвˣ
ߺߣȴ֪ĨʮһĻ󣬺ǲĽȻʮһͷϱվСԱߣʮһɻ󲻽ʱȴǿĨֻǰצǰһӣ

ͻȻ䣬һѵʯ˵ϣֻСĨǵָһѾصʯƺڸʮһ˵㿴ɣôĳʳѾˣ
Լʯģʮһڶݵһº󣬱Ƿӳ˹Ĩ˵
СĨƺҲǸܵʮһе㲻˵ӣֱӾգŴ۾ƵĿʮһֻǰצʱʱ۾ڵţʮһʮһǲῴƵģ
ĨЩڶƵ̬ʮһҲҡҡͷ󿪿˵ĲˣȻ㶼ˣôôԣҹЩҲ͹Եģ
ݣȴ֪ĨʮһĻ֮󣬻ؽһʮһǱǰ龪ĵɴ˫ۣ


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ΪǰȻһСɽһʯɵСɽʮһܲأ
ˣ˰ɣʮһŵĵɪŵĨ裬Ҳ¶һεЦݣż˵ʱңǰСߣȫιʳС
ǣһҪסǧҪһԵιһҪһ֮ιһȻĻС϶ᱻɵģ
ݣСĨһ߽ţһһֻСצԼظ˵С£ͽҾˣ
ҿɾͽˣȳȥˣʮһȻǷĨģȻĻҲͲ齻Ĩˣ
ʮһ£һ뿪ɽͼԪǻص֮ڣԪһع壬ʮһֱӵһ˼׿⣬ȫǳֳ˽䱸̬ͻȻеӰ
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˵ֵĽβһҾưɣȫʮСʱӪҵģҲȽ϶࣬ǾȥɣʮһŽֵ߿˿ֵһߣȴǶ˵
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ʮһҲֻεĸں棬糿ҪҾƺȣҲˣȴҲûʲô취˭˼ҪأҲûʲô飬ȥȰɣ
㲻𣿡һ䡣
ϵľͺȾƣ˵ģʮһ˵һ䡣
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˾£Ƶģʮһĳǲмһˣ
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ȥʮһЩƣ˶ˣεһСһڣⶫôѺȣ
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ʮһ֮Իע⵽ˣΪ˸ղŵĶԻ˵ĶԻȻСǶʮһƷʦ˵Ƿǳɵģ
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ǱʶУʮһΪ仰ᵽǸ֯׷ɱˣпıйأ˵пܾı
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˵ʵŮڵʵƺԽԽǿˣÿһζֻǴǣɱǣҲȷʵǴźӵٴ˵
ΪҲ֪ˣô׷ɱˣƼģʱзļܣҲ޷ѵˣüӺ˿ھ֮󣬵Ļشһ䣡
ǣҲҪ֪ǿѾʧȥӰˣȻ֯ϵС飬ôҲһʱҵõοһܵĳɽȥ޴Ӳ𰡣źӵԥһ֮˵


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İɣܲأֻҪûͶ㲻֯Ѳ飬ѵˣʮǰи֯عһɽͲ֯ϻʮʱ䣬ǰҵ𣿡üĶԷļС˵
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Ҳ֪Ʒʦжţֻ֪֯ϣǾֳɱǸƷķˮʦüҡҡͷ˵ţ˵Ļȴʹʮһһ
Ʒʦ֮ȻԷɱˣôԷʲôˣʲôӦòǳپӵİɣ
뵽ʮһһƷǴ˳ȥǰüӣͬʱƱ佣ָһָǵһźӣߵ̫Ѩ
ʱüȴͷһᣬ۵һſϣͺ˯һ㣬źȴһסˣͺǱ˶һ㣬һͬſھϣûһ˿һĲ
Ӱֲʮһ˫ۣüСֹţһ֮ǲֲָ˻
ʮһָʱǱߵźȴҲͬһ۵һſϣͺʹȶһ㣡
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ȿȣһھʽ֮кʮһȴΪ̫ɤӣҵĿȻ˵ôôˣҼǵ֮ǰͦº͵İ
ҵģ΢촽ش
ԭˣҵľأʮһӦһ󣬷һ䣡
һΣûлشֻ˫һƣʮһԱǱѾ˵ľƱʱⱭлоˮˣѾʮһȹˣ
ŶԭǱҺȹ˰ûӡ󰡣Ǻǣʮһ˳Ŀ⿴ȥҲǷԼǰģѾտҲľƱĿһתͿԼŵľƱԵϵСɵĺɫӡ
ʮһƤڻģǾεҪҲѾע⵽ˣϣѾǺ˪ܲˣ
εվ֮ʮһٴˣһЦݵĿҲ˵ôһֱţΪ֪ʱ˵ʲôǴģԻ粻˵νֲЦ
߰ɣȥɣ첻ǻ𣿡ʮһоҲЩ֪룬һȭʮһıϣվ˵
ȥ߾ҸʲôʮһȻôԹţлǺܸ˵ģΪһȭûֻԵײһ¶ѣ
ΪģȻҲǶʮһеʵ뷨ȴȻһʮһ
ԭҲֻһµʮһĻķ˸ۣԼûһʵʵװ˲ûˣ
ʮһߵϼҵſڣǿͣһӳϿϣ߹ӳһߣǺ´Σ
簲÷̻һ棬ֻΪ̻ݵ̫ܵĹעĴ߶θµĳǺӭһʮһһ߻ǵĽ̻ʱǸò˵Ϊ˴ϣⲢȹ˲
ˣӦȥݼ̻˼ңʮһЦűȭԸһ֮󣬱Լεĳڣ
֮ûд͸ˣΪʮһҪиаһ·ֲҪҳӰķֲڣԷ˵ǣ϶ֱɱڣҲñ˴иӦ
ʮһҲţǶ˵ʵֻҪԷǳʲô̫ţˣӦò⣡
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ѵЩ˾Ͳ£ʲôж߿ֲӣֱӰǵĽ̻ʸ
룡ʮһüۼɻ֮ɫҲֱӾһ֣һƣ
ˡֱԣҪȥ̻ʣʮһûֱŲתͷΣʳеɻ
ǵȻ֪ʣֻҪⷿ䣬Ǿͻõˣκ֣صĵ˵ͷ΢ЦŶʮһ˵


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˵ʮһҲٶ˵ʮֵľν֮ĲޣξǴǵߵľ¥ľǰ
ԼȥͿˣϷͿˣǵδ֮ȴͻȻ˵ʮһԼȥˣͲȥˣ
ʮһɻĿһΣֻҲûѯʲôȻҪһ̻ˣǾֱӽȥˮڣ˵Լûʲôޣ
ľǿһķ䣬ʮһ̧ž˽ȥֻǾȥһ˲䣬ʮһоԼܵĿռŤˣֻо׹ȥֻǻδȷӦأ˫ű˲ڵϵ̤ʵУ
Ӧ֮ʮһǰվŵ۵ߣԼλʮһֻоôһ˲䣬һ£
÷̻Ѿˣվֱߵһߣʮһ˵
ʮһ󣬶λߵһͷȻԽˣĴȥʱȻ𾪵ģ
û뵽ǸƲ۵ľ¥ȻһһֱӴ͵Ĵֻǲ֪ǷҲôƺģ
ңʮһҿ϶ƻľ¥һѻľ¥Ҳǲ⴫һӰģΪ⴫ȫĵģ
ðϷ÷ʮһŴʱǰȴǴһϵ
ʮһæ̧ͷȥȴǷԼ֪ѾߵλˣԼǰһλź⣬ͷѾףֻȴѾлûһӵߣ
ոյĻȻ˵ģ
ԭǽ̻ʴˣʮһʮһ÷һȭ˵ǰʮȣһոպõĽǶȣʾ˶ԶԷأֲԵúܰĶԷԣʮһ⵭˵ǣȲҲ
÷ʮһĻش֮˫Ŀ֮˸һ˿⣬΢΢һЦָָԼԱߵλã
˷ֱ֮ʮһû˵Ϊ֪Է϶ȿڵģԼǶʧȨ˻һ黹ǣΣԼУǻǽ͢ţأ
Ȼո£÷ȿˣҪ飬һǸлܰҽ͢һʥȨȣΪ˸лǽ͢л⣡
÷µͬʱгһӣһˮɵĺӣ붼֪װŵĶ϶ǼֵƣֻʮһˮֻǵĿһۣȲܣҲ˵ܣôЦĿ÷
ʮһ⸱飬÷ǼȲΣҲûĸоϵЦŨˣ˵ҪҪȴӿһ£ǽ͢ǧ֮õʥˮֻҪһΣǵ˵ǿԴﵽϴãȴһٺ֮Ŷ
Ҳ˵װŵʥˮ㹻ʹԼĸӵţٶȸǻʼα
ʮһ÷ĻҲȷʵССһ£Ϊջʵ̫ˣ͢ʥˮȻҲ˵˵ſıһʵĹЧⶫôԼͿԸãʱҲеʵĸһЩ
Ϊ֪Ȼ˵ڸелǺϣʵԸһ㣬ʲôԼһȥģÿΣյʱ򣬶ԼȥǿԺԼһȥս
ֻǣʮһȴԾû˵һղǰ㣬ȻЦţĿ÷ڸʥˮʱеľ֮ɫҲǺܺõĲ
÷ʮһȻΪҲССĳԾһ£û뵽ʮһôĳסҪ֪͢ʥȨȣȻֵ󣬵ҲҪڵǰ£ſԷӳٷ֮ٵĹЧ
ǣʥˮȴǲȻֻһ䵽棬ǶʵΪ֮ͷѪӢ׻ǻģ磬ֻҪ֪ʥˮõģǻƴȥ
Լ֮ԻóһٺôʥˮΪʮһĻرҲΪҪΪҪ˵ģҲǽʮһǰĵڶ̵棡
ǣʮһȻһ㶼ĵӣθҲе̫˰ɣ
ʮһҲڶ÷һ֪֮ˣӵĶ˺пܾͻˣǱȴ˵̻ʴˣʵϲôģȻôҲͲˣ
ʮһ˵һƿĻǼ˵ȣʥˮΪлأˣϣٺһٺҲ֪ǹ˽ڹڵҲȽ϶࣡


856 
ʮһ˵ʱ򣬱ǶסˣȻ󾲵ȶԷĴ𸴣
÷ʮһĻȻ𾪣ҲûбֵĶôԣЦݵĿʮһʱ˱ȵľһһ̬ˣ
Լӵʱ䣬÷ȷˣû취˭ԼеڶҪҶԷ̸أ
ãҿԴӦ㣬ھͿȥʢȡȥ÷˵ͷӦʮһ
÷Ĵ𸴣ʮһҲһ˵ʵҲûеģԼҪᴥԷĵߣ¶ԷӦΪҲ֪ʥˮԷж٣
ղ÷ڼһӻ߼ʮĻʮһܾͻЭˣ
̻ʴ˲˵һĵڶɣʮһȴǺǺһЦֹ˶ԷΪѾµԷĵڶʲôˣȴţû׼һ㻹Ҫȡһأʡһһε˷ʱˣ
ãҲܲµҪ˵ĵڶʲôˣ÷ʮһĻһ£˵ͷ˵ʵڶ¾̸һ£йеڵ⣡
̻ʴ˵˼ǣҪеǶڣʮһȴǺܹϵֱ÷ʳе⣡
ȷʵҲ֪Ҫܲҽ֮͢ʥԣϴӦĻʲôǶӦģ÷ʮһĻ֮ҲֱӾǱеʵ뷨
÷ĻʮһҲһε˵ֱӣȻ֪һ㣬˵ôֱӵ˵ʲôӦиôö֪ʲôʲôˣ
̻˵һ£ǶܳʲôΪʮһһ֮ЦŶ÷˵
ղŵʥˮҪĻҿԸʮΪر÷Ҳһ£ԥһ֮󣬲˵˵ǽ͢Ϊľʥˮˣ˵֮ˣⶼˣ
ԣʮһʱܹ뵽ҲǱΪʥˮˣ˵Ǯƻ鱦֮ģǶ֮ͲܱʮһУ
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÷ʱʮһУ˲ǧֻձܶ갡֪һξͶҪһˣʮһʵ뷨
ѵһټһЩģֻҪԴӦͻǽ͢ʵΪڶ˵̫ˣ÷ʮһס˵ı飬Ϊʮһǲͬأɵü˵
ʱʮһѾҪˣ͢ʥˮܶడֻǰһ֮ʮһ˹
̻ʴˣϵһµĻرһʮʥˮɣҪƿҵҪֿװ㿴𣿡ʮһ˵ţԼҪ󣬶ԷһǳʹľʹӦģ
÷ķӦҲȷʵʮһԤϵǰ㣬ʮһĴ֮÷æ˵ͷʾȫû⣬һᰴʮһҪȫƿֿװõģ
ֻǽ̻ʴˣһһҪϣԴӦ÷ʾȫԵʱʮһȴͻȻ˵ͬʱվ÷Ǿһ
ʮһͻľٶ÷ҲǲɵסˣҲһ֪ʮһҪʲôҪ󣿶ҿʮһ̬ƺҪЩʥˮҪҪ
ֻǣ÷˰죬Ҳû뵽Լ߻ʲôԱʥˮļֵ󣬻ܹ֮ģ
ԣһΣʮһҪ÷Ҳվûղǰ㣬ش˵ôΪǼԼʮһʲôƷս⣡
˵һ£ԵĻһȫ㣡÷̻ʵҲǱȽأʮһش
õģʵģʮһҲǷ֣÷̻ʺǱԼ̬ŵˣһ±֮󣬼˵ǣý̻ʴͨ͢Ѱһˣ
ԭ°ɣûģʮһĴ֮÷Ҳǳĺһʮһ֣ЦǺǵϣ
̻ʴǴӦ𣿡ʮһȻ֪ԼҪ󣬶ԷǻӦģǵԷĴ֮󣬻е㲻ŵһ䣬ֻΪ֪͢жôǿ
ţ֯ϴ󣬾ȻӦԼҪԼѰıˣôԾԻܶ࣬˵ǿ϶ҪʮʥˮҪĶ鰡


857 Ӱ
ȻԽ̻ʵģ÷ΪʮһĻش˵侹ȻʼҪˣ
ˣţʮһæ˵
ǲ֪ҪѰҵʲôأӦƬİɣ÷ʮһĴ֮󣬱ѯʵ
УǣʮһҲǼæͷʱﻹ֮ǰթʥˮʱĵóֻҵƬȻݸ÷
ҵŮѣֻ֮һìܣ뿪ˣںܺڣҪѰҵĺܰʮһ÷ӹֻ֮󣬿ʼٵ˵
֮û˵ıǱӰ֯׷ɱΪ̫ôˣ˿ȹںã˭֪ĸ֮ǲйİ
ŶŮѺҲĺܳģǸˣ÷һ䣬ǽֻʮһʮһƬ
ʮһҲ֪ԭ̻ţҲʹֻİΪôţˣһһأÿľԣִֻͨѶߣȫǲãУҲǻϾǸ裡
Ϊûм֪ǵֻţ֪ģһûʲôĻҲǲȥ˴ϵģ
ο֮䣬бֻͨѶߣ
һᷢȥѰŮѵģֻǸ廹˵һƬͿˣǱĻ֪ҪдһЩʲôأ÷յƬ֮󣬱˴֮ǻһֻţȻԥһʵ
ôдˣʮһЦ˵ָѾˣ͵ˣ
ʮһȻǾ仰Ϊֻ뵽仰ֻ仰ſԱʱĵʵ뷨ֻıҵˣһһʱȥ֤飬ýָԷһ˩Լϣ
÷ʮһĴ֮Ц˵һ䣡
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Ǻãһ£ھȥװʢ÷˵ͷʮһԸһ䣬Ȼƹȥ
ʮһ÷뿪ݸͷѵͲ½װʥˮλñ¶Լ
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ʮʥˮˣҪ󣬴ССһװ˶ʮƿʮһĵĿҪ˯˵ʱ÷ȴ˳һһˮӣĿһӦһ߳ʮֵ壡
̫лл̻ʴˣʮһҲǼæ˹ȴͻȻ뵽һ⣬ǾⶫҪôã
Ҫ鿴һ𣿡÷ʮһûҪ鿴˼ɵһ䣬ʮһҪĶԷʱ򣬶ԷӦûҪ鿴һµİ
ǺǣҪˣŽ̻ǹңһ仰ԳҲ˵Ҫ˴̹֮ʮһһЦ÷˵
ǺػԺǻһΪ÷һξǷǳ˵ʮһʵҲ˵˵ģһ֮ɱʮֻӵлʵãʵҲǺ´ϲſԵİ
οǰʮһôᣬԣ̻ʱ˽ύ֮ģټʮһոֳػ͸һֵýѵˣ
ˣ̻ʴˣи⣬֪ɲһ£ʮһȽˮӷϣٴʵ
ʱǣϷ֪ģһ㣡÷ȻһЦ˵
̻ʿɷһаӰӶ֯ʮһ仰ʵĺÿһ֮䶼ͣƵģ˫۸ŶԷ۾Ϊһʲô仯ǻͨ˫ۺܺõķӳ
ԺܺõĽеʵ뷨صģҪôǳǸģҪôľѾܸߵģһ֣ͻȻһܴд𰸵ʱôݵһ˲Ƕݵģֻݲͬˣһ˿ݵʱҲǲͬģ
ʮһҪץס÷УݼŵĶݣʶӰӶ֯
÷ʮһ֮ҲȻ˫֮һ˿ȣֻ䲢ûȥΣΪⲢûʲôȥεģ
ôʶⰵӰӶ֯ģ÷ûֱӻشʮһ⣬䷴ʵĻУҲǼӵĻشʮһ⣡


858 
ڹǵУʮһصҲ˵ѣΪؾڶԷľѻǹµģԼȻ㲻ʲôѣҲʶģ
Ҳ˵˶ʹ֯˰ɣ÷̾˿˫۶ʮһʵ
ţ˰ڰ飬ҲǵĴϣʮһ˵ͷ򵥵˵һ£ЩҲûʲôģο˼Ҳ֪
ⰵӰӶ֯Ƕʹһ֧÷ʮһ˵һʮһԾ쳣Ĵ𰸣
ʮһû뵽ⰵӰ֯ĺ̨ȻǶʹ͢͢һţĴϣиʮҲҪˣôˣԼֻ·ˣӢǲٴˣ
ŷޣϴ󲿷ֵ֯ѾͶ˶ʹˣⰵӰ֯ҲǶʹ֣÷Ȼʮһ˫֮еĲ죬ֻȴûͣ»Ǽ˵
ǲ֪̻ʴˣɷ֪ⰵӰ֯ܲ֪Ļ֪ʮһȭ˵̬ȳϿ
ʵⰵӰ֯ܲϷҲֻ֪һλãȰʱ֮ڻǲҪȥúã÷ʮһǰλϣʮһ˵
ΪΣʮһʵ֪Ӱ֯ϴоʵҲź´̵ʵֻһĻҲҪȥһ£
û뵽֪֪ǰҽ͢ɳ´̺ʮͬʱһЩһ൱ں´ʵʮ»ʵĸ֣÷˵ʱһ˫ζĿʮһʵ֪Ľʲô
÷ʻ֮ʮһѾЩ³ˣֻΪ³ˣвǸӵ𾪣Լ뵽Ĵ𰸣Ϊ̫ˣ
Ҳ³ˣеȫһ⣬ֻκһ൱ں´̵ĸ֣˳ֻѾˣ˺óʱ䣬˲ǿ´ֱ֮ǰҲǿսֻû뵽һսˣҲǶرʹοԲӰģ÷ʮһ˫е֮ɫ֪ʮһӦѾµˣ㽫ֱ˵˳
ȻѲµ׿÷ĻشʮһǲɵóԾ쳣´̣ʮҲ൱߸ƷʮƷ
ʵʮһڹڶԺˣôһ֣϶ֱӾȥ˳¼ңȻٽҸ
ɾʵȻ˼ģֻƷ˳һ˶źã
Ӱ֯ΪλʵѵǾѾǴﵽƷ֮𣿡ʮһһ»ǾֱʳеɻΪеԽܣ
ûƷȴƷ۷壡ҲѾǰֻ̤Ʒˣ÷ҡҡͷɫȴǶôһĸˡ
ֻǣԻƷ֮ĸ֣ÿһѾƷе۷ˣ÷˵ȻҲӢ֮ˣȴͨǹҵ֮ǵܲΧȫǸ󷨣
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ʮһҲǲɵõһ÷ô˵ֱе̬һһʽƷ֮¾ҪˣƷ֮һм˿Դùˣ
ΪһͨƷ
Ҳҵҽֻ͢н̻ʲſʹõķΪȥĳʶȴǲ֪ģʶʹĴˣȻͱԷƻѳ˽͢ԼôӰ֯÷̾Ϣһ֮Щ˵
÷ĻʮһǾȵĵɴ˫ۣѵⰵӰľǰǽ͢ģһӸλ̻ģҿҲ̫˰ɣ
ԣ֮ǰŻȰԼûĳɳ֮ǰҪǰȥҶԷΪЩǰȥҪǵĸһȥ޻÷һ˵ôֱӣֱӵʮһе㲻˼ˣȴҲֻܽܣ
ʮһ뿪ʱ´ͬŵģΪֻſܰȫĽڻͻ
ҪǻڱˣԻỳɶԷΪ˵Լгŵǣʮһ֪÷̻ʾԲˣΪǵĻԷֱ˵ˣ
صϵı֮ʮһȥȡڣȻֱӾǽΣָ֮ʮһصסķ䣬ʱڣһ¥Ͷ¥ֻһˣкǰԼѯӰֲȥˣ


859 ǧ
Ϻ١ϾͲ֪ȥˣʮһ²⣬ӦҲǳȥԼԼıȥˣ
ʮһǰˮӣȴǿʼˣĥһ֮ӰһʧˣڳֵʱȴѾɽͼУĨ˵ģɽͼУǿֱӽģȻҲҪĻֻǻǣΪɽͼˣ
ȻһʵƷֱ֮ӽҲǲԣ
ΣʮһֱӽɽͼҪһ£ԲԽˮӴڽ֮󣬵һʱȥԼϵĺӣ־Ȼڣɵдϲ
ˮ֮еĶʮƿССʮһҲǷǳĵģǽӷŵƬɽߴӰһٶȳ˷֮УĴһ֮󣬷һԵӣ
һץӣ˾ٶȳɽͼУʮһȴǷ֣ûӵӰˣ
£ʮһ˼γ֮ǸˣɽͼпԷöǱԻģҲ˵ǾԲԵģҲУ
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һж֮ʮһû˻ֱɽͼɽͼеɽߵϣʮһֱһʯͤ
ʵ˵ʯͤ˵ˣ߰˿һʯһѣ
ʮһʯϣֱӾóһƿٺȻһ֮󣬵ƣֱӾǽٺʥˮڣ
ʥˮڵһ˲䣬ʮһǸоһʥޱȵԼľţȻȥ࣬ȴǺܴ
ʮһԿɴĵطԼڵƱᴿһ㣬ʮһȴûע⵽ǣоԼڵᴿ˺ܶʱҲǳ˺ܶɫʣͺûϴ豻ˮƵģ
һʱңʮһһΪɴѾȫо߹һȦˣڵҲǾᴿȻʵȻƷʦҲûʲô
ǣʮһȴţԼڵսҪ֮ǰǿϲֹһΪǰһɽͼܻĵٷ֮ʮڽôһͿԴﵽ֮ǰЧΪģֻΪԼڵȺܸߣ
˵ȷĻͺЩҩģһŴʮģҪŲܴﵽ˵㣬ǸһŴʮģһŶòϣֱˣǲĵģ
ֻǾʮһҪ˳ֹͣ뿪ɽͼʱȴǷ֣ǻʣºܶʥˮȻȫӿ˵·ǧ
ҲǺӦˣʥˮͻȻɢһĴɫâӭʥˮһ㣡
գۼ䣬Ĺâǽʥˮȵâɢ֮ʮһ˰죬ҲûȻ͵׼ʱȴͻȻͫ׷Ŵ¶һŵɫضǰһĻ
ֻԭĻ֮ϣȻֹĳһСѿͺ٣ǿСݹ˵棬µһ㣡
ҿѵҪǧԼҪˣٱٶȰǸǲĺпǴ˵еƷ֮𣿡ʮһһ˲䣬Ժ˺ܶܶ뷨
֮ǰȻһֱǧȴǧֻǾŰپʮŶѣ֮Խǧֻ꣬Ǹѣ
ǣʮһȴǿǧˣ˵֮ܳΪǧֻһС֦ѿô˵Ҳǿϣ
뵽ʮһٴóһƿٺʥˮֱ˾֮УȻʮһ±ˣ
Ϊ·İɫȻûһķӦˣô㶺أ
ĵʮһڵЩ¼ʥˮȫӿȥ
ǰɫѾǱʥˮΧˣûһĻӦʮһҲ֪ˣ˰죬˼ֻеһãڶȫûЧ
ʮһʯ֮ϣЩˣΪûӦˣΪ˷һʥˮʵе۰
ݣ
ʮһʥˮʱСĨȴǲ֪˳ֱӾԣСӲͣĳ鶯ţСצָָʮһԵˮӣͬʱһ˫ˮĴ۾ʱʱ͵һˮӣ


860 Ҫˣ
ҪǺİʮһСĨȵӣҲǺ˺ܶ࣬סЦ˵
ݣ
СĨʮһĻ֮ͻȻСצӣС棬ץʮһ־ǲͣĻζţͬʱСԴϵĲʮһĸ첲Ȼǿʼˣ
ˣһƿȣôʮһСһﶺЦˣóһƿٺĸĨ裬˵Ļͺǣóȥֻһƿûкȹľһ㣡
֪÷֪ʮһľٶ֮󣬲֪θ룬ʮһʥˮʱܴ󷽣ڽ֮͢ڣʥˮֻдﵽ´̵ݣлһεģһԲᳬʮģ
ΪʥˮǱΪʥģԶʮһô󷽣һΪҪǽ͢ʥһΪóô࣬ҲΪ͢ǧĴУһһĻôģ
ʮһСĨӹʥˮ֮󣬾ȻֱӾǵУȻһʽ˶УžǿĨɢһ׵Ĺâҫۼˣ
ʮһɻʱȴǿĨһ˯ƣȻӰһͲ֪ܵɽеĸȥˣ
ҡҡͷʮһֱȥˣ˿ʣµʥˮᱻĨ͵ȣΪĨȵĻ϶ȸԼкģʮһ֪ǣڵĶЩʥˮʱȴһһŵĹԼѪȫ͸ţ
ովУʮһһΪڷſվһӰԭѾˣʱҲûл
óֻǿͻȻֵʮһȴһ±ӣָʮһ˵ôһ䣡
Сôأ̸̸ʮһԸˣôռأԼûŷж壬ô˵ԼأԼҲϴˣ
ʮһ˵ǰȴǷֹ˵ĺܳԼһ£
ϴʲôʱģĽ͢ϴʲôǲһͷӰʮһ仰ʱ򣬸еȴǴ˹ӰߵſڣԽ߽˷䣬ֻһӣֻпŵĴһȥϴⷿôôǷһӵĳ
ĺܳʮһŽУһֻűӵĸУʵ
ĺܳе˵ͷȻ仰ͬȴһʾ䣬һǿ϶䣬ֻм˵Һϴϵĳζ
ʮһеĻҲһü̧첲һ±ӣʱθһڣ˳
Ӱһʮһһһ㣬ϴּУһˮкһۣϷ˳ȥ
˰Сʱ֮ʮһϴ֮ͻȻԼû·ˣɵϴּкУϣü
ϴҪ·𣿡ҲȷʵˣֱӾǴϴּţһոµ·ݸʮһ
Сӱ˰ʮһӹ֮󣬴һ֮оȻǴﵽһȫˣɵÿһ¸У
ʮһ·ʱ洫е
ز˰ɣװе㲻ʮһ˳վſڵĸУһԼЩʴװ˵
ԸŰɣû˿㣬ǲˣз˸ۣȴǸ̵ֲģ֪Сϲ
ԭ·ʮһϴּ֮ȥģȻӸԼˣԼʮһ϶Ҫ
ͬʱԼ˵Լ˵Լģ
Сӳǰɣôϴ˵ǰɣʮһеĻ󣬵üëһ۾У
ϴ۲ӲŵģҪҸ·ڻϴּأһˣ˵ӰֲѾˣ
˵˵ʮһѾҵӰֲˣҲͲپ;ˣֱӾʮһҪ
ȥ˵ɣҿ١ϺϺҲлҪ˵ȴûǶʮһ˵
֪ʲô𣿡ʮһһüʵ
֪Ǹղ׻ҸоǺҪǻعΪʲôʱع֮ģҡҡͷʾ̫ǽԼĲ²˵˳
ѯʲôʱعѵҪǻعĸҲѾչһЩ˰ˣѵÿϧ𣿡ʮһеĻվһ߻ŲӣһС˵š


861 Ѵ
һ֮ʮһתкһУ˱ֱ߳˷䣬֮УʱɳҲˣ١Ϻϣ
ʦˣʮһ߳Ϻ١վкһʮһȻ֪ʮһˣҲҪи˵
١ϣϣʮһ˸кԣɳҲֻˣԣбһһɳϣ
ʮһҪһ𣬶ΪоֻɳȴһģȴѾ١Ϻһһˣ
ʮһҲûøȥһģȴ֪ΪɶֱӾǱԼˣ
ʮһǵ컹кܶİҲ֪ôһҹ֮ûأ
ǺǣļɳҸӲֿȥˣ̫ˣҲûˣһѣǿʮһеɻ󣬲ɵý͵
ŶͦõģʮһЦŵ˵ͷŮһ𣬻˭˭ֻ˵أ
У˵һ£ǲ鵽ôɣʮһŮɢϢŸ˵ֻȴоͻȻһ£ﰡֻȴǲֳܱ
ţģǴ̽ϢʾӰڷȷʵиֲҾ˵ŷ޵ķֲ֮Уʵŵǰķֲ
ǲ鵽Ϣķֲ˹ֲ֮Ʒʵĸ֣ЩǴҪģҪǣǵķֲ֮źܶһǺǿ֣һ鵽Ϣȫʮһ
еĻʮһҲ˳˼֮УƷʦڵʵȫطϣֻǻôеѰˣ
ɻǼǵõԼѻǹеأ˵ԼڵʵҪʱߺܶ࣬Ҳȷֵܲܵס
ʦǴҪӰ֯𣿡ʮһ˼ʱ١ȴһ䣡
ǵģֻܲһûǸʵֻҪڷķֲѣʮһ˵ͷĺֱӰֻ֯ܲĲȥ
Ȳ˵ܻܲȷֲҪܶ౶Ҳ˵Ʒ۷İֻ֣һֻ̤Ʒ֮ͨľѾԼȥˣ
ΪԼڵʵû취˼ұȰ
ֻ˹İӰ֯ҵһ취ֻȴҲһЩѴ١ʮһĻ˵
١ϲ˵˵ʮһ١ϵĻ󣬲ɵ۾һһڴĿ١˵
ܶǰҸոʱ򣬾͵˹оһӣӱӰ֯ģô˴֮Ҳϵ
ǰɣһҺȾƣ֮˵ϴ󣬰鳤ɱҪѰҰæֻﻹʵˣǵ鳤ʵҪߣһҲͲȻˣ
١˵ʱͣȻһЦĿʮһ˵ԣǿϵһһӦϵĻܻ򵥺ܶ࣡
㲻˵һЩʲôѴ𣿡δʮһϱֱһ䣡
ʵѴ㣡١ϵĻǿһʮһȻż˵ȣ֯ΧһˮߵҪʱأȫɣҪȥĻҪˮ̽飬ȻҪڲԱļϵͬ⣡
һ£١㲻Ǻȶ˰ɣĵϣôַˮأҰ˵ģѾǺܸ߼˰ɣ١˵ֱӾǴĻʵ
ң˭ȥҵǸϼһȥʱ򣬿󷨵ʱұ㻹أ١ϲˬİһϣ߷ߵ˵
ʮһ١˵ģԷĻΧи󷨣ǲöôľȣΪ߳پͿԲð
һѵĵطɶ١Ҳ֪Ҳپ⣬ֱתƻʵ
ܾҹ֮УЩ֮󣬶١ϵԼԷͬô˰ɣ˵ʮһõԼĻԼҲǣϾһҲԼѰ
ʦȻǴൣĵ⣬ڹõһѣԣǰ˭Ҷϣ飡١ϵ˵ͷվʮһȭ˵ȻʦҪƵˮɱǵ鳤ҲǼӵİƣҪǴĻԸȻӣ


862 
١϶ˣڻشϵ֮ǰҪһ⣡ʮһҲվֻȴǵûκεı飡
ʦʣ١Ȼ֪ʮһҪʲôǻһ䣡
Ǹ֯ƹʲôģʮһֱʵ
ŶƹڵģûκεʵȨ١ϴ
ˣʮһʵ
˰Ӧǣ١ͷһº󣬻ش
١ϾͿԷˣﲻ£ͬ飬;忴ɣʮһ١ϵĻ¶Цݣ˵˵ˣҲɱ˰
ʮһҪɱģЩ׷ɱıͰɱ֮ģһܺڵģȥܺڵģչڵ˵һܳԺģȻһˮ̣ȴûʲôʵȨ
ֻʮһ仰䵽ĸжУȴ¶м飬㻹ɱˣ仰Ҫ䵽Щʶ˶У϶㣡
ǾͺãֻǶǻߵǸ󷨣ʦʲô취ڲԷ½ȥ𣿡١ʮһĴ֮е㿪ĵĵͷе㵣ĵʵ
ȥһ°ɣҪûʲôõİ취ĻֱƵʮһ˵ĺƵӣʹһԵ١һסˣǸǼģǸһȥ͸оһصֱɨȫģҽȥ֮۶ûҵõ
Ҫ֪ʲô󷨣ҪƽĻҪҵ󷨵۵ģҵҲֻǵһѣҪôƷǰƽ۾Ѿϼˣ
ɵأ
ǿ١Ϊʮһ仰ŵɵˣҪ²һɵˣֻǸ˵һ֣ǸоһֻԼϣºֻܷصһ
һԵʮһȴԼӦ죬ȻĻС椾ǵˣֻһ;ֵĿ쵽ˣΪϵⱻšһȦʮһоϵⶼҪˣ
ְСϺ𣿡ʮһΪֲֻܺзţ
ǻȴһƣֻһƽʮһ촽ϵĴִˣһžͽʮһɳȥ
Ǻǣ˾Ƣ𱬣ʮһεЦһ£һֻȴ͵͵ź󱳱λã١Ϻ˵Ǵһȥ˹һǸضˣûĻӦͲˣ
ʮһ仰˵֮١Ϻ϶ȴǻһۣȻȴ١Ц˵ʵҺҲ£ǶҲһȥһ˹ʱҪƽ󷨵ʱʲôҪϼһֵģҲðһ£
١ϣϣǶλʵ̫ˣʵصģΪȥ˹Ҳǿһ£ԵĻͻɱȥѵĻǾͻֱ뿪ģȥǿйģʮһ١ϵĻȴ΢΢һЦ˵ΪγĿģֻҵҵŮѶѣ
ⰵӰ֯ԵĻʰһֲΣյĻ͵Ժʵǿˣֱɱǵܲ
ʮһ仰˵֮󣬾Ͳ˵ˣڵȶԷ˵˵ȻʵҲмٻΪУ˹ķֲʰ͵ǸһСү
ֻǣҲڱλ˵ʵΪҪ֪١Ϻеʵ뷨λһֱȦӣǲ˵ʵҲô˵һĿģ
ʵ١ڷʱ䳤ˣ˵ϲֱ˵ˣʵģ̾һǰȫƵ١ϵϣȻż˵˵ˣҺ١Ҫعչ
Ҳ֪ڹڵĸǴ۸ӣҪѰһɽʦͷҪҵǸɽ
ⲻСӿЦˮһ֮вûм꣬ʵҲֻǸող̤Ʒ֮ѣƷʦȻҲͦˣŶҲ֪ģƷڹڻǺܶģʮһϵĻȴǲûʲô𾪵ĸоΪѲµˣ
ôشֻлŲٵʶѣ
ʦ˵Цˣģһνӻȴ١ˣΪЩɾû˵ʱ˵ڣһ˵ˣôҲûʲôù˼ɵˣ
ͺʼзʱǵĺʲôǵʼ֮ܵзζʱҲʲôνˣ
ֻ١ϼ˵ʦ໹Ǽʶģȫʦ˵ֻƷʦʱ䣬ܱϼһʮ֮һҪ٣


863 ɱҵ˻û
˵ʵڹڵת֮ЩϼһﲢûȥʱڵľҪȹ⻹Ҫ󣬶ȹ˼꣬ڵĸֽγɵʱٻȥȴǸˣ
ʦҲ˵ˣƷʦȻܸߣڹȴôıӣǼʹ壬ҪȥĻҲֻƫһСУֻĻأ
Һ֮Իѡʦ㣬ΪΪò˶೤ʱ䣬ͻڹڴһƬأҰٶȣò˶ãҲͶʮ꣬ͿԴﵽƷʦ֮ʱڴ˵еıһˣʱѾˣʦҲƴǵĵӵģ
١ϵĻ˵ĺֱӣһҲֱӾǽеĵȫ˵˳ΪʲôҪѡʮһ˵װ
˵Ҳֱ̫˰ɣɳһˣֱ˵Ŀˣ̫١ϵһ֮󣬸оеҪȣֱӽһж˵ô˵ģⲻֱӾͽԼĵȫ˼ҿ
˵̫𣿡١еĻЦſŸУԷһ죬¶һѵı󣬼˵ȻʦôӦýһж̹ϵĸ˵
ĻԱԺһ˴֮ʲô϶οϼһҲû뷨ֻϣԸһУеķˮЭǹʹǵĵԺһأһǵļ磬й
һУǰ̫˰һﵽƷʦ֮ҲҸУˮЭ͸ʮһȻ֪١ѡֱӽжԼ˵ԭΪʲô
ǹڷˮľƣô򵥰
֪ʦΪλô˵١Ϻ϶һ֮󣬽ǿ˶Էеɻ󣬲ɵòʵ
֪Ƿ֪ڹڵƷʦжأʮһЦſ١Ϻϣʵ
Ʒʦ˵ഫֻĸѣҲҪи߰˰ɣ١һ֮󣬻شʮһһҲǺĴ𰸣
ֹ߰˸֪ģʵﵽƷ֮ʦʵĸֶѾʮˣοôûأԹڵƷʦ֮ĸ֣ôҲҪмʮˣʮһҡҡͷЩε˵
ʱҲȷʵģĵƷΣһƷ۷ţˣΪأΪԼټЩ˶лļɵʹõŵڻܴţ
ԼܲܽȫƷ֮ĸȫɱɣȲ˵ԼǷǸʵʵҲվֹԼģ
Ϊγ֮ǰһ˵һһͳһĹѧ֯ôλʵϺţˣ±߻źܶţˣǲѧ˿һģ
ôôƷʦҪ´ˣ١ʮһĻ˺þãȻпһ˵
ȻԼľôûƴˣҲöһˣ١ϸпһ֮ͻȻ֮ᶨ˵
ڻشǵ֮ǰһҪ˵һ£ʮһһ֮ɫصĿŶϣȻ˵ڹкܶˣϵľѾĸƷʦ֮ˣ
ʮһĻ˵֮˶סˣȻвûںΪƷʮһ˵Ǹ裬޵жţֵܲȫǣأ
Ǳʮһţ⼸ƷȻڶʮһ˵е࣬Ǹţֻʱѣ
Ǹ룬Ҳôģ˵Ȼ֪ʮһ˶࣬ȴ֪ôƷ֮ĸ֣Ҫ֪үүҲֻƷѣ⵹ʹ£һС˷ܣ
١Ϻȴǻһ֮󣬽ǴӶԷп˾ȣȻôţĵ˻ܻڣôҪôиţĺ̨ҪôĸԵ
ۺʮһ֪ʮһǼк̨иԵİ
ˣҲˣ˾һսѣͻȻһ㣬ϴǵ˵
Ǻǣûôأɱҵ˻ûأʮһҡҡͷ˵ȻҪСһعǾô˵˰ɣ
ǻȥ˹һ°ɣȻپôߣ


864 
ãھȥƱϴӦһóֻ˳ȥǶƱˣ
ʮһҲû˵УֻøнͣԺٻߣ
ȵ˹ʱѾǵڶ糿ˣճǿһŹͷͷڳǻ֣лһӣϱд١١
ǺְǿЦС˵һ䣡
ʮһˣҲ˸٩ĻʮһֻоֱǱһ£ĿԱԼ
Ϊʲô˵˲þֹңʵһҪǻش𲻺ãҾֱӱһٵĸо
ֱ̫ˣҿԣ˵ĻܻˣʮһСĻش
ڸоץԼ֣ɿ֮ʮһҲǳĺһС椣Ҳûа취ȫ벻ͨԷЩʲôΨһ֪ľǺܱҲܰȾƣ
١ǻˣʱǰ١ϣѾǱǸͷһӱ˻Уļˣǲɵһ񺮣е޷ܣ
ҹ㣬̸µģ١þԷƿȻ˵һ䣬˾һһУɴͷų
һ·һ巿ͷ߽֮ͣ˰巿֮У١ϼ򵥵Ľһ֮˱ˣҲ֪ˣͷ١˹Ӱֲѣ
١˼˾Ϳ԰ɱ鳤ȡ֯Ȩ𣿡١ϵĻ֮Ǵʮһһۣɻʵ
˵꣬ǲһ䣬Ҫ֪֯ڿźܶĸֵģң鳤ϼһģЩ߹ǻͲʮֻҪ˵кܶľѻ֣ǹ֣
ǼҲһֻˣǼ£ЩˣҲǸ޷սʤǵģ
ĻȻоȻֱӣʮһȴе㿪ĵģΪʲôأΪԷûΪԼƲ𣬶ֻΪԼߵٶѣ

뵽ʮһǣһĨЦݣ³һ֣
ʮһֵ³һɵֱӾǴʮһɢ˳ȥֱӾǴϣ
ʱȴڸղһ仰˵̫ˣòеڿʵӣץһƿơ׼أƿڶѾ͵Աˣ
Ǿʮһϵǹϵʱжȴһͣסˣ˫֮֮ǰ˵ɫڱأ
ڷﲻ֮١ϺҲסˣΪʮһȻӡҲ÷һֳھǰסˣôһƷʦأ
ƷʦҲҪڷˮһУٽ˼ʮˣԲһʮ꣬иո˰
ʮһȴǸоܿģҲһγԣԴϴڼʶʹĴ֮һ򲻸ˣıҵһַ
ǾԼ֮һֱɶ䣬ǵģ䣬Ƕ䣡
ԶסʩߵУͻǣȴֻܶס壬ܶסǣȻǰ˵Чʲô죬ǶڸˣǾǾԲͬˣ
ַȻܺķȴǿʹöԷסʮӣģƷʵˣҲҪ߰ӵʱģ
֮佻ս߰㹻ȡԷˣ
ʵַĴֱӳζԷ񾭣ʹöԷôݵʧΪʱ䣬ԷĻѾʮһضϵ
ֻʮһ֪ǣַֻſãΪҲֻſôĴ
֮Ի˵ĴһΪǧľһΪʥˮϴ
˾ͬʥˮϴӣûǧļӳֺͻӣǲܵģ
ַȻҪ֮һʮһǿĻظٶȣҪʹβŻоݽߣҲֻһ˲䣬òһӣֿټʹˣԴʱʮһּģ
Ŷҵơأʱ١Ϻϵ𾪵ʱҲ˹ԼסôһᣬȻȻأֱԼеľƿûˣѯʵ
ʲôʱܵģҼǵҸո˰תǿǷǰơƣһ䣬ٴץ˿ûע⵽һԵļֵ

ץƿٴ׼ȵʱʮһһֳڣֻͣסеĶһжһһģһʮһƿơƷǰϣ


865 ׼
ƻطһͬͷ١Ϻ϶һȴе㼤סˣʮһֳʵ츳Խǿô˵ԽǺϢ
˵ҪʲôͻƣѾе췽ҹ̷ˣʮһͿ˵ȫϣˣ
֮߰˹ֻһεٴηԼеơƿʧʱȴǿʼˣ
ô£ӦòҵĴɣҪʶȥץǰơƿ쵽һ˻ȥɵĿ١ϼˣ
ĴֶΣǻѧ֮УΪ䣡١ϵĽ֪ͣͶֻǸ˵Щûʲô壬۸ȥ͵ôףҲһ
䣿ʲôǿ˶õ𣿡Ȼ١ϵĻֱӾ׷һ䣡
١Ҳˣĵ˵ͷ˵ǵģǿһ˶õ
ôﾪ̾˵һ䣬ʮһѾǳ˾ˣֻת١ϣȴ˵һ䣬ʹ١ϺεĻôûпõ
ôϻ㿴ֶ֮󣬻ûĳǸ鳤ˣ١ϵһһ˰죬۾ŭĿ˵
ǻڲЩִô죿һӶסô𣿡١ϵĻҲͲپ١ôûùˣֻҲûֱӻش١ϵ⣬תʮһüͷʵ
Ҳﻮô꣬ûһֶΣ֮һֱûжֻ֣ΪǼЩ޴ɣʮһȴЦһ£˵Ųһ׼ûأ
ȷʵԼ׼֯ڿϰҵ˲ָ࣬һûаҵģЩƹŰɱ飬սС飬ʵȨĸֺսûа취ģʮһĻ֮ҲЩΣ
㽫ǵ鳤ɱ鳤λãѵܲͲ𣿡ʳһһ⣡
ܲǲЩģǻᳫֲ֮ڲľֻ˭˷ֲ鳤ְλҪܲĵǲҪôܲͻֱ˷ֲȨߣ°鳤е֮󣬸н͵
֯氡Ȼְ취Ľ֮һ֮˵
ǰʹеķֲǳܲУһʹ÷ֲ֮䲻ȨеĻ֮Ҳид˵
˵飬ʮһûоþʲôԣӶ֯п֮󣬾ͷ֯ܲʹַԺЧʹطװڼȨֻһϴģ
ʮһ뷨ǣǾλҲôֱеλȫԼ֮󣬶֮ǰҪЩȥԼ£
İɣЩǹֺֻҪҽǻ棬а취ʹǷӲκεãʮһЦЦ˵
󷨣ʮһĻûʮһʲô취һ䣬תʲôһ˵ڻΧ󷨾ͽҰɣ취ǽȥ
ǺãǱþ죬Ϊʱܸϣʮһ˵ͷ˵
ģھȥ취ȡͿԽȥҲǵ˵ͷʮһϲʱֻ֪֪ʮһҪӵżΪ鳤λãѾܾˣ
뿪֮ʮһתͷ١˵١ϣҪһЩĵߣΪҪŷ䣡
Ұɣʹ绰١ʮһĻ󣬾ǸԼĵӴ绰ȥϾⷨĵ̣Ҫô㶫ŪĻе̫ˣ
Լʱң巿֮ǴһĦһ˽١һӣ١ϻöԷ˵ʱȴһ˫۵ɵϴͫ׶Ŵˣ֮ҲԵЩ
ʦʦ㰡ϴθ١ҲȥеģҽӾȻֱƹ١ϣһ˷ܵľֱʮһˣ˵֣ǰסʮһ֣
ŶʦãʮһԵеΣһαһôĶԴҿӣԼķ˿أֻ˿ԻɸŮˣ


866 
ʦǲ֪ϴλ֮ȥͬУжôĳ㣬ǽ¼Ƶ˿ǶĽˣҵЩͬȫ˵Ҫۼһأû뵽Ȼˣ̫ˣ
ҪǱЩһ֪ǿ϶Ľˣղʦ绰ȵʱȫ£Ҹץ׳ˣǿİ
˵Ͳͣ˵ʮһ±ˣм䶼Ҫѵ
Сӣҹȥϻƪ١Ҳں߾Լͽʲôãǻֻ࣬ƽʱʱҲûô˵뵽ϻôĶడ
Ұ˵ģԼǰͽܾȻԼķԸǱץ׳ģֱԼܲˬҾȻǳʮһԼ
ʦһᣬȰҺʦĸհɣ١ϵĻ֮ȴûֱ١ϵĻͳֻݸ١ϣȻֱӾվʮһԣһЦĿ١ϣ˵Ӧǿ١еֻ
㣡١ŭ̫Լˣ
١ϣǾ鷳ҺʦһŰɣʮһΪ١ȥԼ١ϷŭݣЦ˵
ʦ㿴ʦѾ˵ˣϾ͸һŰɣʮһĻЦ춼쳶ȥˣ١˵
ߣϽ˲ǰһһȥһúõʰǣȻӵĻҲˣ١϶ʮһһƬֻ֮󣬴
ٺ٣ҾˣʦټҲ١ϵĻǽסֻ֮ЦǺǵĳʮһ˸к֮󣬾תˣ
ȿȣⶼϷû̺ǣʦЦˣ١ϿĦ֮εĶʮһ˵
û£ͦɰģȥһ׼ŷʮһЦЦӹǸӣߵһߵһԣ
ʮһ֮óһֽϲ˲ǽֽ棬ȻͽɰӴ򿪣һɰ۷ĥ֮Уǵһˮ
ᲽԱߣȻĥīеɰۣ
ʮһȻҲǿľٶֻû˵ʲôǱ۾Լľƽһ£ΪҪķ弶ķ
ҪҪرһ°١Ϻ϶һ֮ѯŶԷʾΣкǸʮһһģϵӦǺõԲûرˣǣʮһĥĥأ
һϾֻǸոռİͬΪˮʦͬлʱ򣬱˴֮ҪرܵģΪܶʱÿյķǲͬģʮһżļһ
Ͼ͹ȥһ°ɣϴںЩǶԼˣ˽Ҳǿ֮ЦŶԶ˵⻰ȴ˵Ҳŵ
ֱĸǶˣʮһԴԼˣǴ˽ģҲڸǶϣȻʮһˣҪҳϵףΪеĻУһ仰û˵ǾǣҪǸʲôѵľٶܱң
ȻҲ⻰ֻ֮١ϻϣû˿ӣΪǿοǾսҵ֪ѡһͶʱҳжôҪ
Ϻ͸һĵʮһ׵λͣĿʮһôվʮһֱߣ˵ҲľͺûôƵģ
Լ֮ʮһյ˫ͻȻˣһģʱǰڷźõëʱǱ÷
ëʷʱʮһȴǲûȥӣ˳һ£ֱӾǿīϣȻץī⣬ֱӾǽīɰֽϣǵģȫֽϣ
ţʮһץסëʣڱʼ⣬ʱʼһҫ۵İâ
ʮɽΪ廪ķģ˼зڴˣɽأ
ʮһһ߻еëʣٵֽϱһĻţһ߿ȴȵ
ʮһھʱлŵëҲͣʱֽһƬâʢʹü˶е۾ĸоʶľҪ۾ΪһĻȫǿ۾
ƣ
ʮһȴǲûнֻǰһ̽һֽϣ˲ʱ䣬ҫ۵Ĺâȥ
ֻŹâȥȴǾȵط֣ڷϷȻһ֣һɫĴ֣Ϊֵɫڼĺ壬Ϻ١Ǳסˣ


867 Ҫѧϰ
ûһ֣һһŵĵ֣ɫ壬ȴǴţһ弶ϵĵ
弶ϵĵһξͻɹˣ١Ϻϼ˸ղʮһĶ䣬Ǳסˣ
ڶŬ˵ԼⲢʲôʮһѾ˵ʱȴʮһ˵һ䣬ֳȥɱʮһĳ嶯
Ȼֻǿˣ
ˣǿʮһ϶£һһŵĳ鿪ķȻһֱŵʱ򣬲ͣΪǰžȻһģһͺǸճһ㣡
һӻ弶㾹Ȼ⣿١վûסŭĺ˳֮󣬿Ϻ͸һҪ谡ı֮󣬲ǷӦε˵Բ
ʮһȴֻЦЦûзϣԷΪλô
ô˵ȴԵɵģΪղһ˲䣬ùڵԭΪԻģΪǸ᰸ھмصģڽľԼоģ
Ժе뷨һԵģӦûŷģӵĻ˰ԼÿһţӰֲ֮֯ڵ󷨣ͻȽϺƽˣ
Լڽָʮһȴ¶һ˿ײЦݣָоǺðһòĸо
ȻֻţǾôŰɣԼҲҪȥֻۣѵʱѣ
ˣʮһŷۺȻֽëһԣ١ɻʵ
Ȼˣʮһ١ϵʻ֮󣬺Ȼĵ˵ͷ
١㻹̬УʦӦѧӦֵľȣȻţ꣬ͻಡϿ١ϻһɫɵĶԷļ򣬰ǰο˵
Ǻǣȷʵһ߲ϵ˼άˣϵĻ١Ҳһ£ҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵
λ⸱ӣʮһеˣ֪ô˵ˣԵһ֮˵ǶϾĴ𸴰ɣҪȥһ£
ãȥæɣǱлظˣҵ绰㣡١ʮһĻ󣬶ʮһ˵
ʮһŸкϴк֮󣬱뿪ˣ
˭ᷨʮһߵһ䣡
ֻòԵƽвĿʮһ˵
ҪʲôȴǷһʮһ
Ҽұݿ䷿䣬е㶫Ҫǣʮһôʣ֪ǻ˵Żôʵģ
ɶ⣬ҪҸõ꣬ѲǽɽɣСֹһ䣡
ϻ࣬ɽʲô⣬ϴҪǵĶóһȥᱻЩԴӹף˵ĻȻ󣬵Ǿʮһ߰ʮһԶȳҪãȻˣ
˿䷿֮ſһ䣬ȻʮһǽԼȵһǱԼٹ
Ȼ֪ʮһڸʲôҲû˵ʲôΪһͼȥʮһģȴǷʲôȡ
ֱӺˣȻڴϴתĹʮһ͸һ䷿֮ʮһֱӾóһٺװʥˮƿӣݸ˸У
ѵǿǷģϴһⶫ㲻ǾҸһ˰ɣнӹ֮󣬿ʮһ˵
СǳӲˣȻô˵ϴˣҪǲúõʰһ٣Ĳ˰ʮһ˵ӰһеϾǴһžžȭ
ʹϴǲ˵ģҷˣˣһ߽һţֻʮһͺûƵģƹһҴ
ӣȵʮһͣʱ򣬸еͺһƵģȻһȦ
īˣϽѪҺͨٶȿȥʮһлڷ㶣üëһ˵
һ£ұ㣡εĿһʮһֱֱһڹһ¾Ǻ˽ȥȻʮһԸģȥСĵĴ
붨ʼʮһһֱվԱߣһʲô⣬Ϊʥˮٺʵ̫ˣԼΪǧ¶òٺȻԼһƿȻڣҲûʲôӰӣ
ǣ˭֪ⶫ˵֮󣬻᲻ǸԼһأԣʮһе㵣ģֻԱػţһʲôĻԼҲԾ³ʲôģ


868 ʥˮ
ԣŸȫĵʮһʼնûжֱʱȥ˰СʱʮһϵϢеȶˣ뿪䣬ķȥ
ƿţأʮһֱóһƿٺʥˮݹȥ
ȥаʮһԷӹȥ֮˵
ʲôûֱӺȥһ䣡
ҩʮһķ˸ۣôĸǻẦƵģ֪óһʮĺˣٺ˸ǣ
˵˭֪ˣʮһ˵һҪ˵
˵֪Ƶģһʲô֪СŮ˶ѣʮһСֹһ䣬󿴵ԷҪ̧ƲƲ˵͢ʥˮ֮󣬿Ըıһ˵ʣƷõģпֱһƷ
ôеģʮһĻش֮ǾȣϣǴδֹ
ôϻ˧·ϼ񵽵вУʮһ˵ҲһЩͷ
̫ˣҲҪȴ֪һΣʮһ֮󣬾ȻûҲûжֱ֣ӽʥˮʮһ
ʲô㣿ţôϻĻ֮ʮһˣⲻѧֱ϶й£
ԸĻһ£ʮһ뵽ɳϣŶɳŵ˵ȻɳϣǾ벢ûгʮ֣Ͼһͨõܴ꣬ȥֲʲôǵģ
ʮһĻ󣬿ڶʮһ˺þõԣȻС˵ܶǰҲô˵ģʮǰҵ豻ĳ˴ˣζûЧ꾹ȻǴڼ״̬
Ҳҽѧ˵ֲˣһֱڼʮˣүүͳæȥѰҩͷֻȴûκεЧ
˵ʱȴͻȻͣסˣȻ˫ֲͣĴţܽһ㣡
ż˵֪㱾ӦòģֻԼԼ˶ѣʮһ֪ͻȻͣסˣΪ̫û˵ô໰ˣһЩϰߵһʱҲЩҶѣ
һүүһ֪һַԾ裬Ǿ͸ȥȣֻǶԷȴһ棬үүʲôǰҵĲҵԷǲͬ⣡
֪үү֮ԻһУΪҰְ֮󣬱սƽʲô鶼ᣬҺ͵ܵСӣǾˣ
ֻǾȻû󵽿ԾƷʹүүڼΪԷȻǲԣ
ʮһĻ֮һٴ˵
ʮһĻȻܹԼ飬ǻеΣЩС椲Լʥˮʲôֱӹϵ
ΪүүþȫҲû󵽵ǸԾƷʥˮүүûҪֻܶ࣬ҪһζѣΪ˵һξǿԾȻҵ裬ֻһζû󵽣ʮһеɻ󣬽ʮһеʡ
ԣ֪ЩʥˮжôҲܽܣȻҺ裬ȴûʲôԻرģʹҵļҲҲһʥˮο⻹ôĶ࣡˵
㵱𣿡ʮһĻɫĶʵ
ʮһڴһ仰Ѿ׼õʱȴ³ôһ֣˲һд±ʣ
Ҳûã㲻ѣҵˣʮһиë͸ѵĶⶫʲôֵʮһһѪ˳С̫صˣôˣȻûаԼѣ
ԣҲ˵һƿʥˮļֵҵץǸһģֹ͸ѵģʮһ׼һֱ˵ҪǲܱʮһϿѵˣ˵ʥˮˣһֻǲܻ͵ģ
ʮһ˵ʱֵˣ˶סˣ˰֮˵ǲб򣬽򣡡
ĵǲǣʮһ˵ҲǻƢˣҪǰĻ϶ǰϣžžһٴƣ
ңֻһɣʮһվæ˵лл㣡
лʲôлϽȥɣʮһС椷ˣҲٴˣ˵


869 ߲ʯ
ûȥȻ裡һȴЩ㣬С˵һ䣡
ﻹУͷİɣʮһǰ˵¶ԷţһбٴγһƿٺʥˮȻĿ
ôǸٸóһƿ㿴ˣʮһŵӣһһƿʥˮˣֻһΣóһƿʮģ˵Сƿ㹻ȻĸˣڿԺȥ𣿡
лл㣡ٴζʮһ˵һ䣬ʮһıͻȻЦһ˵һΣ
ͶˣϽȥɣҺ㿴ŵ㣬ʲô⣬Ҳʱʮһĵ˵ͷȴͻȻһ˵ˣûлϴ·ʹ֮Ͽֺܻܶĺɫʣܳģ
ȥ򣡡ȴ֪ʮһĻ󣬺Ȼ˵ôһ䣬ʮһˣ
Ҳǲԣֲֻ֪Χ㴩ŲʰҪȻȸΧʫͻȻ仵Ц˵¶ЦݣҪ޳ж޳ܣ
һȭϣѪ𣿡ɫ˵
ôͿЦأϽȥɣһҪû˵ĻҾͳȥ·ʮһ˸ۣ̽ĵļƻôʧˣ
ߣǵһֱӽһƿٺʥˮȫһ˽ȥžɳϣʮһˣ
Ľ뵽״̬ʮһ۲һ֮󣬷ֲûʲô⣬ȫҲֱųȥˣ
ȵʮһʱźü·ԼģиеģҲġ
еķ䣬Ѿʼϴˣһ·֮󣬱˳ȥ
ķ֮ʮһȴһӴסˣΪڵȻ֪ģϵ·ȫ˿ֻʣﻹˣʱʮһǸоһѪ˳űǿ˳
治Ǹǲְʵջ̫ˣʮһһηôϣ
ǣתʮһǼæ񣬴󲽵ԣΪӣһǳʲôˣ
˿̣ʮһҲѾ˲ʲôŮбˣֱֲָӾ֮Ȼ󾲾ĸת
ôأʮһһüͷΪоĵ֮ڣǻңҾȻҪɢļ
ڵ;ܲʥˮˣΪʲôǼһ￴ȥûʲôأʮһСֹţкɻ󲻽⣡
תȴǸоˣƺƴҪʥˮĿǰʵղôʥˮͲײ
ΪڵŻôҵģ
Ѿͷôķղ˲ղͿⲻ鷳𣿡ʮһ뵽֮ЩΣԺȴڼٵŽİ취
ҪˣʮһֹһڵŵϽָӿȥȻָͨǿբĺˮһ㣬һԵӿڣ
ʮһЩڵдԭеһʥˮ̲ӵȥ
˵רĸסҵҪ˵ʮһһȣֹ˶ԷҪ˵뷨
ԪһһʮһԷԼķԸ֮ٴγѣȵľȶ֮ʮһƿȨһһʥˮ
Լ˰ʱʱ䣬ǽǹʥˮϵλãǽȨԼһȦ֮˳
ֻʮһɫÿΪðʧҪȥǿеȫЩʥˮʹ֮һƬң
ΪڷһԼ𾪲ѵ飬֮Ȼû࣬һû࣬Ȼ˶ʮ䣬ƺûκεĲʵķӦ
ⱾѾǲˣʮһ𾪵ȴǣദȻһʯͷһ߲ʵԲʯͷֱԼҲ幫ң
ɢ󲨶߲֮ԲʯʮһľˣԺȷԲǽʬһֻ࣬ΣʹھҲûҵκεйصļأ˵ôˣ
˵Щʹ𾪵ĻȴٻûʲôϾҲûʲô֢ӣ


870 
ôһʮһеŭˣΪڣȻһƶⲢһĹƶһŵıƣ
һ¹֮ƻ׺ݹƳ棬ֻʮһǣֱƴ඼ǻᱻֹ֮˳ʱιģֽڵģȴǵһμ
ֻǣֱڣȴǿԳɳĸһЩֹƵΪߣƳҲͻø죬ֻǰ˵ʵԼƶܱµİ
ΪʲôûлںԼ֮µأΪʮһԿóڵĹƳ˵ҲϵʱˣҪΪѾǳְɫˣƶ֮󣬻״̬һǵɫͺƵģǸʱһ֮ڵģ
ڶ״̬ǳֺɫ־ѾҪϵˣֻƳ棬ѾǿҪӽ״̬ˣǾʮϵĺɫ
ֻҵĹƳ棬ʮһкܶ취ֱӽץ˺µֻѾǿҪѪһˣʮһɣΪûĵĻѾǹˣ
Ψһʹܵ˺ƳȡķֻһǾɱ¹֮ˣֻǰƳڵѾ˹ľ磬¹֮ҲƷʦϵĸˣ
ߣСүǰ׳ԼͻȻ䣬ʮһоڵֻµıƳ澹ȻֿʼˣĿ꾹ȻԼǹɰ
Ϊأ죬µΪһ֮޴֮·ʼΪʮһ˼ת䣬ԺͻȻһ֣Ļ쾭Ŀƪھ
ͬʱʮһĴָʳָָ֮һʱָֻϸǳһӣţʮһָѪĵﴦȻţʮһָĻʮһָϣһصӿڣ
һɵʵĻ壬Ǻܶ࣬ʮһ֮ǰȥǹɴȣ٣˵ٵĺܿһ˵֮ǰʮһݹȥǹɴһƬĻôɻɫ壬һȪ
ǣôһСȪȴڽ֮˳ʮһ֮ϵָתҲתɻɫתȻһǿѹֱ׼ʮһĹƳ汼Ϯȥ
ǹƳȴһ¶ûüֱǱɫסˣȻǱһ㣬һ·һֻߵߣ
ʱʮһҲͣеĶջ֣ԭĵλϻһֻ̫̫ͼôһЩͬѣΪǺڰ㣬ûзߣȫм䣬ұ˴֮仹ŸԲͬɫ֮Ҳһδ״̬
ʮһǿЩѣεĸо˵ʮһһֵ³þѪɵ̫ͼҲڣ
ֱǱȸ´ɽһս۰ʮһһ䣬ǿҲ˲뿪ˣֱӾԭش
һΣΪ˰ȿסڵ֧ıƣʮһһ˰ǺķԼڽһľѪĵﴦһ̫ͼõԼڱͲ࣬òǱƿס
ң֮ͨԼϵʹǹɻɫ岻ϵӣȻٶȺȴԿסǹˣ
صĻɫʮһ̣˶ΪʮһǷ콣л죬Ҳɽͼ
ֻʮһԼ֪ԼԼĹⲢͨĹǷ콣ھ֮ѧӦģ˵֪⹦쾭Ϊ⻹Щ˿˵Ļ쾭ˣ
ԣƷʱǸԼĹһ֣ģ
ûκεԵɣʮһǾָУҲǴ˵е԰ɣ
ǻɫʲôʮһֻ֪֪һţʵҲȷʵˣôһСƾǽʵıƳѹסˣ
ֻɫ̫ˣΪǧļӳ֣¾㶼أЩɫöپٶٵģھֻܵһһˣ
ںķ̫ľѪʮһȴ״̬


871 ķ
״̬ûãһֱ˫ȴһ˫ʮһУһ˿Īɣ
Ȼһֱ״̬ʮһһУ֪ģǰȶסʥˮ֮ǺķôľѪǹصĻɫԼѹƳ棬һ̣Уʲôĵطһ㣡
ôĿʮһ˺þ֮ͻȻоϴһζɵõͷȥȴһ죬ŷ֣ԼȻֻʮһô죬ŭ֮¾Ҫȥϴּϴ
վʱȴǿʮһԵ·һ֮ץ·ϴּ䣡
ȵʮһϣ˳״̬ʱ˫֮˷ܵģΪֲڵʥˮȻ˺ܶ࣬תĵĹȻôһ˿˿Ļɫ壬ȻĵĲûвҲҪȲظǿ
ʮһ˫ۣǿɳأҲÿԼ
֪Լڵ𣿡ʮһһ£֪ΪΣоﲻԣƺǷʲô仯ֻԼһʱ֮俴
֪ʮһĻֻȴҲɫЩȻ˵СҾͷԼûģֻȴûкκ˵ټҴûԳԼ֮⣬ûκ֪⣡
ǵһҲϣΨһһҪǱȥˣ˵ĻҾɱ㣬Ҳ࣡
Ҳ̫Ե˰ɣλûģһ顭ʮһˣ˵⻹ࣿ
Ǻǣ֣أЦѣʮһԷҪ֣æЦ˵תƻ˵ôûʲôһĵط
ȲʮһĻ֮󣬺Ļһ䣡
ðɣҲһʮһεĵ˵ͷֻҪûʲôӰаɫʵڶǸ֪֪
Ҳһ֮ǰŲģֻʱѾˣҸͳȻ֪ʮһָıԼڵĹƳ棬ֻҲЩΣ
иүү˵𣿡ʮһʵ
շֵʱҾȥүү˵ˣֻÿһζǳĬ֮ҲͲˣҲˣֻڶӶѣɫһЩȻ
ôأǡʮһʶ˵һ䣬ֻ˵һͣȻüͷ˼Ϊ뵽һܣȻҲܲԸţǳܣȴûʲôɺýˣ
Ϊʲôһ뷨ʮһʵ
ڲ𣿡ʮһаЦһ£žǴһӣץסȭͷЦվſȥ
ʮһåΪСˣɫߺ죬ԭǾǾ仰ʱʮһһ䣬ǲû£
ˣ˭֪ôϰߵſڵʮһЩ˵ҡҡͷ˵ʰһ£һȥԷʱȥһװɣ
ϴղŸ̫ˣҸоڻʣºööأڶѾƷˣҲ佫ĸˣȵ˳Էʱ򣬸һ˷ܵ˵ӼֱǱͨƱҪ˷ܰ
Ҳѹָô˷ܣҪ֪һֱԼʵ̫ˣûа취ʮһȻھʮһʵҪһĲ࣬ⲻ
Ǻ°ûָԴﵽʮһĳ̶ȣҲҪʲôֵģҪʮһ۲ʰǸе뷨
Ҳ˭ģʲô͵ŰɣⶫЧƷ˧ٶȶǰܶ࣡ʮһŸеļ򣬵ɪ쳣˵
ȡϰ׳صʱ˧ʱúõĽѵһ£֮ǰ۸ңʮһĻ󣬸ӵĵˣŵشЦˣ
һԸŵȴһʮһĿ·Ȼ˫ִŶʮһҲ˵
ҽȥ·ߵһµǰʱ˵һ䣬ĳԼ֮⣬ֻʮһˣһߵĸжûü
ȿȣʮһεĿվӶԸ˵Уȥǰߵ͵ЩԵģҺСһȥ
ãȻ֪ʮһҪʲôǾǴȥʮһĿģӦһ֮󣬱ǰȥˣֻ뿪֮ǰ͵͵ĳʮһ۾


872 
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ҺõǣҲûΪֻ֮һ£ȻֱӴˣٴʮһ˳
һΣʮһǱȺƨɻһ䣡
ôܣǶ֪ٴˣʮһѼӲ˵
ʮһĻѻҲ𴩣ֱŸнȥǼҲ͹ȥ
Ŷʱʮһȴǽӵ١ϵĵ绰˵ǱѾϢˣʱǽأ
ֻʮһȴǸ١ϣ첻ԣϽȥĻİղŻӵĴһЩǱ취ԵĻϾжõˣ
١ʮһĻ󣬵ӦֱӾȥ˵ˣ
ʮһոչҶϵ绰ȴǽֽӵ绰ֱǷΣԭǸеı͹ϵѾǷȥˣڱ˵Ӣˣǰŷ޶ѾڷѰıϢ
ЩеİЧʣʮһĺǿģȻˣе㲻ϣΪǾıĶȻĻҲͲ뿪ˣԼӰ֯ܲŻʹˣ
Ȱ˹ķֲõˣҲ϶ᴫıĶУԸֲõ֮󣬿ʹıǱߵѹСܶ࣡
ڼ˳ߵʱ١ϵĵ绰ȴٴδˣ˵Ѿ绰ˣȷʵǿԾʹǽȥֻǵ鳤ĸǿҲǻڣ
١ϴĻʮһֻǻһ䣬ʲôû壬һҲֻǶһĶѣ
ʮһĻشҲܰǾְĻȴʹõ绰١һ˱ˣӢۣĸٲ
һ·صİƤʱ١ϺѾڵȴˣʮһ˻ӭȥ
ϣŷţȻҽǶһھʱҪõõʮһӻóŷ١Ϻһһţ֮ǰŵţڻ·ϣѾ͸ˣ
ھλ֮ʮһ£١ϵùֻʾͼʮһʱһüͷ
ǰӰֲ֯Ļصͼ֮ǰʮһ͸뿪ʱ򣬸١ҪģΪΪ˿ԸӵҪصĵͼϤһЩź֪վʲôλȥƽŻӵķ㣡
ʮһϸϸĽͼӶϿŵͼɨ飬Ȼĸȫкԣ
١ϣȥ֮ȥλãʮһָŵͼϵһƲֿλã١˵
תʮһǷֱڵͼָ㣬˷ֱȥصȥ
ʦкܶĻǹ־ѻֵģĸôĿŵȥǲеѰοҪվأȵʮһԸ֮١Ͽʮһԥ˼֮ʵ
˰㵣ĸʲôأʦȻôˣͿ϶İ취ģϵһ١ϣ˵
ҹԶ㣬Ϊأֻǵһʲô⣬ʦϲ˾ˣʦǾԲԳκģ١üëһݺݵĵһϣ޷޲ƽ˵
Ϸľͺˣοβǰɱǵ鳤˵ɱһЩô򵥵ģʮһЦЦһɫ˵Ҳȥˣ
뿪巿ɸпһͣŵƳһ·١ϵָʾŰӰ֯ķֲȥ
١ϵָʾʱ֮󣬸нͣ˹ߵһ˽ׯ԰ǰΪǴеĿĵˣ
н֮ͣûϨ𣬶˭Ҳûֱ³˭֪ʱж֧ѻǹָǵԴǹеˣǲмֻѻǹ
ΪҪȶԷҪɱƾɱǿԸӦԷһжˣǴʱ˿ûκεɱԸҲǲˣ
ǣʮһȴǲˣ֮ڣǵĳӴӽΧͣׯ԰ſڣһȺжʮͬǣ߾˵һжʮ˵ǣ
ʹڣȻʮǣҲ˵ķλǵĲ֣ׯ԰Ϊģɢģ


873 ӻû
ׯ԰ʮ֣ܸʮѻ֣Ҳ˵һʮģټʮܹʮĸڣ
ôǰӰ֯ķֲˣֻôֻһֲѣôܲᲿ¶ٸھѻأ
ͣʮҵʱׯ԰Ĵűˣ߳һͷԻһͷ󻹸һĸĸߴ󣬴ŽµĴ󺺣ֻÿһ˵Уһ΢壡
Ŷǣɣ￴ڵʮһˣҲһ˿ײľ⣬ʹһż
ڵļ˶һ֮󣬱ҲֱӴӳ١ϳ䵱˵ϴֱǰӵһ£Ҳǲײ١ϵĺ󱳣һ£
֮ǰõİţһ˳Ļô£˵Ļ£
ɳ⼸Ҹ˵ѣŽ˴ŵĸһɳܵУʮһ١ϵֶӣֶϱˣڸУǰһϵֶӵĽɫ
Ǻðɣ治֪ôģһ㣬ϴǷˣɳʮһһֻۣȴǶͣһЩŵʮһһǳĵİɫţп㣬ǴһһİɫĴ£
˵ϲûʲô̫է۵ģʰһžȴգ֪ö˰ҹ˯ţ
ֻɳȴôҲ뵽ΪôһȴѾʮһˣҲ֪֪Ļ᲻Ŀ
ͷİɣҵİЧ㻹𣿡ɳĻЦŴһȻкʮһȥ
ֻ֪ڴϵЧʺܿ죡ɳȴ˿ӵĴЦ˵
ɳĸǹ󺺣ҲǹЦЦ֮ǳ֮ɫʹһһף
ʮһģھɳԱߵʱȴǿɳȻ͵͵һֻ֣ҪΣ
ʱʮһȴһ˳ȥһ˶ԷϣֱӾ߶ɳֱۣүģӶûأôľȻ룡
ԣСүˣҲʮһ˵֮󣬾Ǹо˵ĲˣΪ΢ĿأæĲһ䣡
ֻȴôҲû뵽֮оȻԽ˵ԽңۿҪˣȱ֮УֻȴҲûǺһϽϣ
åһǽȥԭذɳĸ±˵ĳǹ󺺣ȵǷӦʱﻹ˵İӰˣ
׷ȥֱȥ֪ͨǹӣɱǣɳҲǸݽɫѾϵ˵󣬷ŭĶԵĸ󺺴
ߣڱȥʱУʮһҲǶԵĸ˴һԼȴһʧˣ
ʱĻһ¥̨ϷһӰʵ֮ǰʧ֮еʮһ
ʱʮһȴ˫ֱֺ󣬳ֵĸӰǣһĨЦݣ
йˣĸӰ֮пߵһߣʮһɻʵ
ˣʮһĴһ
ĹˣҲôģĻ͸Ͻ뿪ȻĻҵǹ㣡мһӰȴʮһ𸴹󣬷ǳǿӲ˵
Ҳ˼ǿӲⱾ˼ҵĵ̣ʮһߣһߣ⻹һӶ֯ûֱʮһѾǺʴˣ
ֻʮһͲһ·ƵˣԷĻֱӾгл죬ڶԷδӦʱ򣬾ǵһָ˳ȥͬʱһǧ
ʮһһ£ʱһƬĹлڷ˳ȥֻЩȴûǰĸӰǷϮܵĸڰĵ㣬һľѻ֣
ֻЩѻֻûзӦ˲䱻һĹϮˣǷ·ɥʧʶһ㣬ȫ˹ȥ
գ۵ʱ䣬ټĻ֮ڣѾȫռˣ˵Щɱ飬飬Ҳǻǹӻ߾ѻӣеȫǱˣûӦôأ˹ȥ
л죿ôлģǵŵģʱǸȺʮһ˵ѯʮһǲй˵ӣȴǾȵʵ
û뵽㻹ʶл죿Ȼ֪ĻǾ͸֪ǵڵˣڸ翹Ļֻ·һʮһĿйߣֶԷԼʮӰɣʱһԾĿԼ


874 ָ
ѵһǰͽˣôأӦõİλйȴĲŵɫ˿ûʮһŵĻ
ߣ˭Ҳ㾿ʹʲôֶΣڶȻĻҰҲͲ鳤ˣڴʱǸŽʮһ뿪ȴ˵ˣһǰ΢ҲǺʲôӣֻܹǻ׵ĺӣԭǸˣ
ĸǴ򲻹˵ģǸлǲҺ˽⣡Ǹйȴһҡͷ˫ȴǽʮһеǸл죡
ɽ̫ˣȻһЩֶΣҲֻǲ࣬ѵĸ˻򲻹һ𣿡λ鳤Ƿˣͬʱ˫͵һ˦ϵƾɢ˳һƷ۷壬޽ӽƷѹʮһǵصѹ
ߣ
鳤ɢѹʮһȴһһָǴһ΢磬˲䴵ɢ˺鳤ѹȶƣ
ʮһ¶һ֣ס˺鳤йĸˣֱе㺧ˣƷ۷ʵɢƣȻͱô赭дһ͸ɢˣⲻǿЦ
ҸҪǣ˵ʵɽҲйߵʵ鳤֮⣬ҲֻƷڶѣû취鳤Ƚϣ
ȵģʮһ׾ٵľͻ鳤ѹôǼ˵ҲһĽ
ȻⲢţսʱҲܸʮһҪ֪ڽս֮ǰźǺҪģһŶûˣôδȽأѾӳˣҲ͵ڻδʼѾˣ
ʮһ赭дһ£ûǵ԰ǵţʹֱӾǲʮһһսˣ
ҲʮһҪĽΪɱ⼸ˣһЩƵ뷨ֻ뷨ΪǸոս󷨵ʱģԼһЩȷܲܳɹ
ͻȻ뽩ֵʱڵĸϣȴǲ֪ʱѾվĸˣǸкǣ
ֻĸÿ˵жһŷվһƬ¹ⶼղıֵĻڣڵȴʲô
ͻȻ䣬վ١˶ָֻֻʮһǵдʡ
ۣʥ飬۰˷Ʊ֮ƣƣ١ĿھھеķʱҲǷһ飡
׻ۣʥ飬۰˷֮ƣƣĸģ
ۣʥ飬۰˷֮ƶ֮ƣƣǶϡ
ȸۣʥ飬۰˷֮֮ƣƣϱߵ
˿оеķҲǶȥֱӾ˵ϣգ֮䣬˵֮УȻ˵֮£
䣡
ȻھǴ˽ıը֮󣬾ͺصĸλϣֱ˼ʮըҩƵģ˶Ĥۣ
һָָ̽˷ָƷ󣡡Ľ𣬺鳤ĸȫ֪ʲôĴɨӵʱǰʮһȴͻȻ˫ֿʼӡ
ֹȵǷӦɽȷֲԳ˵ʱѾһжˣΪʮһӡѾǽˣ
ĸԼ˹ʮһ¶һ˿ЦݣͲԷӲƴμٵĺˣӡֱӾ˳ȥͬʱиǴһƣ
žžž
ʮһһںȼһһıƵģȻܵĿռ侹Ȼһһƣͺһ澵ӱƵģķѣ
Ҫǵ󷨶ѾƵˣûʲô˰ɣʮһͣסΣŶ滹Ҫǰĸˣ΢Ц˵
Ҫʲô鳤ʮһĻҲȫͣǷŭĿʮһΪĸоܵ󷨾ȻôӸƵˣܲĳϲµģܲе֪룡
ûʲôһ£ǲ׷ɱһŮˣʮһź鳤ʵʱ͸ҲǷ׷׸˹
׷ɱŮ˶ȥˣܱ˹Ӷģӳ֯ģ˵һ鳤ƺȱƵģ˿ûǰľ棬Ȼޱȵװ棡
Ŷô°Ů˽ıйˣĺƯģʮһĵ˵ͷ˵ı֣


875 ֮
Ŷ˵ı֯ȷʵ׷ɱȫְģ鳤ʮһĻֱӾǽӹ˻˵
ŶְİǾҵǲ֪ǵСͰɱС˭쵼أʮһЦӦһ䣬װһ䣡
鳤ʮһĻһָߵ˵
Ǹʲôģʮһ֮һŤͷɽһ䣡
ʮǰҾѾǴȥйְˣȻһɽʮһ󣬻شžǼ˵֪ʲô˼ȴǴˣ
Ǻǣʱʲô˵ģʮһǺЦһ˵֮νӣڱ˵ĶȴǸоޱȣ
֪ɽɻĿʮһʡ
ܼ򵥰ȻĻ鳤Ϊʲô˵ôϻأʮһȻ˵
ȻѾ֪ˣǻҼ治֪˵ɵأ˵ŵĹͷأ鳤Цһ˵
ҪȵǸӦ˰ɣƻһŻڻشһôʮһ˿ԷĳʮģȻЦӯӯĿŶԷ
ô֪ģȻҪʣұĵĻش㣡鳤ǾɵĿʮһû뵽ӾȻµһУǵһ뵽˵ʵҲͷˣԣЦŶʮһ˵
ѽȥһϴڸ˭˵أԭôĻиأҪΪˣ֪ﻹиأֻǻδʮһȴһԵĸȴǴСֵĽóֵֻͲܣź鳤˹ȥ
еĻټϿеľٶһԵ١Ϻϣ̲סЦʵǶ֪ǹģΪĺ˾ٺڣǽ΢¹⣬ټ⸽ĵ̽յҲѾǱˣôῴиأ
ѻûò鳤ݺݵĵһ۸УΪҪһʱ䣬һһʱȥɱУȻٺ˶ԷѪֻʱûеֻѹŭתͷʮһ
ǰֵϲ˵ʵʮһҲǵ˵ͷװεӣֻ˵Ļȴʹú鳤һѪ˳ĸеȴǸӷЦ
֯ܲʮһͻȻ䶢ź鳤ʵ˵ʵĶԷеֲ
Ҫʲôѵ㻹ɱܲɣЦ鳤һ֮󣬹ЦȸеЦĻҪţ·ʲôǳЦƵģ
ҵ飬ֻҪѡ˵ǲ˵ʮһЦһ£ôź鳤
ߣͲˣǲܲλõģ鳤һװ汾ɫ
Ҳûʲôڵˣʮһ鳤Ļҡҡͷһ䣬˫ֿٵһӡ˲˳ȥ


ӡĳʮһĿĳ֣Ǿԣֵıĳͺӳһ㣡
ŵĺ鳤ûӦʮһ˵Ļʲô˼أ͸оɰѹĻ
ȵӦʱȴǾͿԼôԼԽԽԶˣԼȴԽԽԶأ
ۣ
ֻǴʱɽˣȴǳԾĴ˳ΪǵУǵ鳤Ȼֱӱʮһиͷ­һʲôʵһоеһƷ۷ʵǿߵԴƷʦ֮ĸ˰ɣ
ǣǴӸղʮһĳֻֻһƷѰƷôɱһѾƷ۷ĸأ
οɱôɣֻһое˶ԷԴֱӾɱ˶Էһ̣ɽȫסˣΪ־ľ㵣
ʮһȴɽ˾㵣鳤ԼΪʲôԶҲΪʲôῪʼģʱһΣѾʧԭˣڳʱȴǳ˺鳤ɳȥԴԣ
ҳʮһһǴһ죬־ֱץ˺鳤ɳԴϣʱһƺڱץ˳Ǻ鳤ĻǣոҪ룬Ѿʮһסˣ
浱㲻˵Сүûа취ʰ𣿡ʮһһһֱӱǽϵսУ֮ûսѾгл죬ΪһỹҪõܾ֮ͻɢˣ


876 һ죬ɱ㣡
ʲôҪ˵𣿡ʮһת֮лץź鳤ǿźںڵԴأԳɽ֮˵ֻȴȻ΢ЦŵģڵץͷһЩЭ
ǲ֪ܲλֻ鳤ſ֪ģǸͲ֪λʱ¶òҲߣԲɽСôҲҪʮˣֻҲѣ
Ҳ˵Ĵûʲôˣʮһҡҡͷʾ̾Ϣһл죬Ƿɳ˰ֻӰֱˣ
ֻգۼ䣬ͷѾһ̲һ㵹˵ϣǵĻѾֻӰʳˣ
ֻӰˣ֮ǰʮһշ˵İڰ飬ҲӵŹ˧ʵҪԸʵȲˣǼֱǼ򵥵Ĳټˣ
Ȼʮһٴָһ㣬ڰǱ˻ȥʮһȻץź鳤Դɽ
ҪɱɱɣҲ֪ΪʲôôǿʵȷʵĶ֣ɽʮһЩε˵ֻ֮ȴǶһЩʣ
ҲǣòѾߵƷ۷ʵֻҪһţпܴӴ̤Ʒʦ֮ȴҪ̣һΪҲ֮˭ֻأ
ᣬһ죬ɱ㣡ֻʮһȴǲûֱӳɱɽԶ˵
ΪʲôɽʵǱʮһĻŵˣԭΪԼ仰˵꣬ʮһͻֱһ仰ȻʲôʽɱԼȴôҲû뵽ԷȻԼôһ䣡
ûΪʲôһ仰ɻǲɣǸһˣѡɾˣʮһҪͷɽ˵ֻʱûпŶԷǿ˲ԶһƳһƤ
Сӣǲ̫һ㣿ʱʮһŵĳУһϵžһɾǿɢһ鳤֮ǰɢģȫȻͬƣ
ٷϻˣϽʮһһӶԷɢƣѾǸоˣһƷ֮ĸ֣һҪȳ´ɽôһĸ֣
ֻ˵ûκεãҪľȻĻ綼ѾɱˣȻŸм뿪ˣ
ͬ죡ɽһͻȻ˵ֱվʮһ١Ϻϵվһ
ߣ֪֯ʲô³ʱһӰȴǴƤһӳ˳һֻƵģֱ˰УȻһʮһվ̨ϣ
ǽͽһ³̨ϵģһȥѹ˹ϡ֮꣬ȴһͷïܵĺڷӴȴǾԿżͷʱͷȴҲץһֻԴһһͷ
Դˣ֮ǰˣҴǽȻ֪ʱѾǱͷɱˣ
ߣɽֻһû˵ʲôΪҲ֪˵ʲôˣº˵¶ԷɣȴҲĴ򲻹Էǲô˵ȻѾվöˣ;Բ䰡ԣɽֻһڲͷ
ΪֻͷͷǸþˣǸһ˾ˣʲô£ʮһ˵ǰеͷˣͷǱһ˦ǲм˵
ɽ˰ɣСȫһ˾ˣǵͲںģ³һģͷʮһĻ󣬽ìͷָɽ˵ɽ£ȥΪҪƾ轫ɽԱȣʮһߵ⼸ˣ
ֻעҪʧܣΪɽĻֻǻһλˣôһΪʲôֵ£
١Ϻ϶˸ǱʾмȻ١еȴҲûʲôֵı֣Ͼ˶ѾˣھǳȥʲôҲûʲôˣȲ˵Լ򲻹Ǹͷ
ңҲʮһʮһԲֹӲŵˣοʮһּչֳʵûĴ·Ҫ󷨣ҲǷַӵ飡
к͸ˣѹûߵĻ
˵۲ۣ㼿ҸСүۣôûǴĸֺ󹬾簡ģԻʮһĿŶͷ֮һЩм
㻹־磿ֻǾʮһͷʱ򣬶ȴǴһĻ


877 ɽͼ֣
һߴȥŲϣû׼ɱ𣿡ʮһεķ˸ۣԼƶˣС椾ҵİ
СӣƾҲɱңһƷѣĪΪɱ˺ǸͿ࿹𣿡ͷȻʮһ˵ǰ仰ʲô˼ȴʮһ˵Ǿ仰Ժǲм˵
ϻƪʮһͷĻȴǱʾܲȻȾһȭĴָͷǰ˹ȥ
ߣйˣ˾֮⣬ȫǲһģͷһʮһȻ𹥻ɵúƷ֮½ϣǺܾǰһ仰ǹڻǹ⣬ǱΪϿɵģ
ԣһʦĸ֣һϾȻ𹥻ɵþܵսһԼܵսôΪһ֣ǻԥǿƳֱ֣סԼϵģ
ͷȻҲˣʮһ⿴ƮƮһָȻϺȴҲǺӵģʨӲÿһҪȫأͷȻҲǲʮһϾʮһٲҲ׾ɱһƷ۷ˣ
ԣʮһһָͷٷ֮ʮһȭ˳ȥ֮ףֱеˣ
һȭʹɽХҲΪֻɵҲǾԲСӵģϾƷʦһȭҲˣͷһȭ׺ݣɽ١Լϣȫɫأ˶һ֮ȫǼæǰӡкڵȫ
ɽ١ϺϣǶ֪һ㣬ǾǸкǾԲԳģԣһ̣ûκȫǲԼͬԷһ𣬶ǽУΪʵһЩֱȥˣܺõر
䣡
ں󷽸ո֧ӡʱǰʮһͷĶԺҲѾײһȻһըűը̳
һһըĳɢŵĻԭɢ̨ϵһЩĸֹܺɰʯ֮ģ
żڳ֮еĸֹܺɰʯɽһ㣬١Ϻȴǲɵһ죬ЩҪҵϣҲ϶˵İ
ǣ̳ɢȥʱ֮ǰ˵Ӱ¶ʱȴǲûκεˣ˾ͺûжƵģ֮ǰǰվλ
ֳˣǿԿ϶ǣ˸ղǶ˵ģҲǽս˵ģΪǿŶԷУǴų޵ģͬʱҲŨŨĲģ
ҲȷʵǶܲ⣬ֻȴǶڲԼղһΪʲôûȡҪЧͷǸû뵽ԼɵĹȻû˵ˣ
ʮһǲԼ⻯ħָԷΪʲôûκ˵ļţǳ´ɽԼһָħָҲԻöԷ˵ģȻоͷҪȳ´ɽǿһЩҲڲô󰡣
СӣҸе⣬ղֻɵĹѣҪȫˣͷ˵䣬Ǵ֣ȻͣϵͣﻹߴĽиͣ
ʮһͷĻ󣬲ûʲô̫⣬ֻǶԷֹʲôееͷʹ
ʮһҲûκεĻң˫ֲŲæĽһӡɽϼһﲻʱԴ󷽵Ͽգɽͼ
ʮһٻɽͼʱɽϻ١ϣȫǵɴ˫ۣ·𿴵ʲô˼һ㣡
ɽͼɽŵ˵Դ˵һˣֻɽͼŻѹ֮ƣ
ѵһǰ͵𣿡١ϵҲòȥѾЩʼˣ
һǰܵģĻһǰս孹ʵʱҲͲһֻܵˣҸӲʹԼ˶ˣɽֱӾƷ١ϵĽ
Ұڵͷһû˵ɽͼһҲûֱʣѾһƷʦõˣ
ʱʮһٻɽͼ֮󣬾ĸɽͼڱĸӰеϲԱģԸоõɽͼڵС·ӵǿˣžһѾԶˣ
ɽۣ֮ʮһǣһĨζЦݣ˫ӡһ䣬һУʱɽͼڷһɴϢִֻϢûĴϢǰأǸһּӲĸо


878 ֮
ʮһеɽ֮ԽԽֻ࣬ȴǲûĳȥӣһֱڿŶͷ·ڵȴƵģ
ʦôְҸоѾ˰ϲ˵
ǰΪʲôͷʽû֮ǰֱӺɱԷأ١ҲǱʾɻ
ιǲ֪զ£˵˵١Ϻ˶һۣվмɽһĳ˼״ɵײһ¶Էʵ
òҺǺϤɽǿ١һۣһϣǲʵ
ڲϤԺ󲻾Ϥ𣿷ԺҪʦģ١ϵʿҲ֪ӵȥˣһ䣡
١ϵĻɽһ£ͷ˵ƺҲеʱһ£ͷ̧ͷģϵ̫ĻҲ̫õӣ
Ҳֻǲ²⣬Ҿƺȵӵƴﵽߵ㣬ȻڻΪʲôҾͲö֪ˣɽһ֮󣬽ԼĲ²˵˳
ӱ𼱣ʹȫȻĻûлˣΪСүһоԻɱģʮһͷƺǼԼѾȺʱеļˣɵóһ¶Է
ʮһȷʵɽ²ҪڶԷʹȫʱɱԷֻʮһʵĿģԴҲĳ
ΪʮһҪһ£Ʒʦ֣֮һʲôʵӵĻҲÿʹԳ´ɽԼҺҵͷʵһ׵
ԴӸղźͷĽ֣ܸо´ɽʵԱȣľԲһǰô򵥣ֻǾΪʲôҲǺһҪµĻǾֻǶвģ
ֻ²һ֣ͱԼֱӷˣΪĲǶ𣿲ǵԷ
СӣȥɣͷıʮһŭˣһӻһĥôĴ򣬴žľʮһ˹ԭ˰죬ռУȻǽԼ嵱
ŶһҹͷʮһҲǲСΪӶԷһ֮УܵȻ֮һֽԼ뵽Ȼ֮еĿֲ
Ʒʦ֮ҲΪλᱻΪʦĹؼ֮ǾʲôֻҪǴﵽƷ֮ǾͿԽȻ֮ˣ
Ȼ֮ն٣ǾҪ˵ĸԼƷ֮ʱȻˣ
˵ߣڸոսƷʦ֮ʱ򣬾ǿһֵȻȫȻ֮Աȵģ
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Ȼ̤֮Ʒ֮еģշ֮ȴֻиֲſԵģһҪ츳дԵĸ֣
Ҷˣʮһһ̣ôˣԭ´ɽͷȽ϶ԣٵıȻ֮Ҳ˵´ɽƷļȴƷǿ
ȻˣұĻһΪɣʮһѾǳ嵽ǰͷС˵һ䣬˫ǰһƣдһɽ֮ѹ
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ڽ֮ڵҲȫܵزһƣֻصȴʵĸУǵǰ֧ɽΪĽ磬࣬ܵķҲԽټϳ֮еıը֮ɽֱӾһѪ˳ȥصˤ˳ȥ
ǣЭͬɽ١ϺϣȻɽܵķô󣬵ԱըĳˣˤȥͬʱҲһѪ
͸УȻҲǱƷ˳ȥǷǱըļлһѪ֮󣬵Ҳǿǿ֧Ű
ǰԼĢƶǽƤʯ壬ֹ֮ģƣҲ˲ԼȥǷᱻĸֹʲô˵ֱӾվĢг˹ȥ


879 
пһеĳȥҡҡͷ̾ϢһҲ֪̾ϢʲôҲֻԼ֪ˣ
ȥûģȲ˵ĢģİظֹԼǽƤɰʯ֮ǷȥˣʦˣȥԼʦûǾ͸ûʲô˰ϿȥıӰһǵѪһ߷ǰһ߲˵
ǺǣϵĻ١ֻǵЦһûлشԷ⣬תͷʵô
ʲôôΪʲôȥ𣿡١ϵĻתͷ١ϣȶԷشǼ˵Ϊϴɱϴ˻ûгأ
һأϲʵ
ûһһһҪȥϴδɵԸأҡҡͷǿʵЦ˵
еĻʹȫסˣΪǵ֪УӦˣʮһĹϵûôȴû뵽л˵ҪȥʮһδɵԸ
Ը֮أԥ˺þ֮ɽûסʵ
ǵȻǱˣ⻹ͱеˣϴǲµģԺϴʱ䳤ˣ֪ˣǿ׳ƵģһͷȻ˫һŵ棬վ
λҲվȴһǣڱըĳըƣӵˣ
ǻܹǰըĢƴʱҲѾɢ˺ܶˣ룬Կˣ
ֻĢ֮վӰΣһһ˻һڱһƵģ
˾ǿӰԼֻǸڻеˣǷܵĢѾ˺ܶ࣬˿ǣһӽǸƿˣһǸƿˣһ£
ֻⱻƿˣ·ôеһȳһյأ
ʱǸƿȻһ±Ӹںģʮһ
ǰıӰʮһҲЩС֮ǰΣյĳԼȷʵԼܿģҲ⣬ǵ֣Էֱ۱ֹܻˣԿüǷɭ׹Ĺͷʱ
鼱֮£ʮһҲ˲ˣֱӾһѽԷ˻ԸȻǲôɵľͬģһֻ֮ʮһ
ҵʱʮһΪ˲ʹûе˶ܵ˺ֱӾͽڵĴţֱӾǽȫʹñը֮ǲܽ
Ҳ˼֮󣬱㲻ٶˣĽͷʮһļϣ
ֻǣûгãĢɢȥ̳֮ŭһŲʮһĽűϣĽƿһȣһ£ɲɵǱȵֻţ
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С㣡м߳æӭȥҪòԵѯһƵģΪҲǿֱ۴ˣȴ֪ոմкǱһ仰ŵļæ˵һԣ
ֻӭĸУ˵ÿ
ϴǵСˣôȥʱ𼱻ǵģʱ򣬺˻ҩƵģֻöǰʮһɻѯһ䣡
ˣƢͻˣʮһҲǿһǱѾͣԼߵСĻһУó˼ˮԼ֮󣬸Ҳϣ
ʮһĻ󣬸бŷɽ˹ȥߵ;оѾǸԼһţ
ʮһһЦһ£Ҳ֪ԼͬͱסԼûʲôĵطڵﵽ
Ȼ⣬˹ȥǰʱ򣬿椾ȻװûԼҲ˵ֱӾóˮ˶Էϣͬʱ˹Լ·ӵһأץĸ첲ǲȦ
Уʮһû˵Ҳû˵ҲʮһͺȻûпʮһƵģ
֮ʮһתǱѾվɽ˵ֲڸղŵıը֮УӦǻ֮һܹĺ𣿡
˶ٶˣʣ²һٸˣɽʮһĻһӾ˳˶µģֲȻûܲôǿΪֲ֮ǰʵǲ֪ʶΪǵĺ鳤Ʒ۷ô򵥵ģ


880 ƻ
ʵģÿֲ֮жôһģǵķֲȴȻԼĽȥеķֲǰΪǷֲӶʵͺǿսҲǷǳĸߵģ
źܶĸ۵ֱǱսģһǸһˣȫִˣ˵ĸˣÿһڹɽҪǼȫǻģ
ԣʮһĻһ𾪣һȴǵģ
ʣô඼ˣܹܲĺãʮһһۣûĵ˵
Եǿԣֻһ£ҪʲôɽʮһĻ󣬵˵ͷʾԣ漴ǲѯһ䣡
ҲʲôһרžɱӰ֯һ֯ʮһɽĻ󣬺ν˵
о仰֪ò˵ɽʮһĻ󣬺Եǳ鴤һ£Ȼԥһ˵
˵ʮһһüͷɽôô˵ķϻ
ǲȥɱӰ֯ܰӰ֯ɱǣֻвһٸˣǲе㲻̫ʵɽҲǿʮһüëоʮһе㲻ˣǻѡ˳
ʵǼֱɱֲǰ鳤ڵƷ֣ɱܲƷϣ˵ʵ𣿻˳֮Ӷʵ𣿡ʮһֹһɽ⣡
ɽʮһ֮˶е㲻ˣôһΪÿ˶ô̬أ겻ǿЦ
ˣʱʱ䣬ʱʱ򣬽ǴһȫĵطȻٹңһȥʣµ齻ҾOKˣʮһԾɴ±״̬ɽתǴŸк뿪ˣ
ߵſľʮһǻͷһ仰ղֲһ磬ֻάһʱʱ䵽ˣƵʱЩһͻҪһʱ֮ڻû㶨һеĻҹҲͼˣ
ҡðɣɽһ˳һ֮˶Ҫ뿪ˣǺǲҲҪ¸ϵʽȻĻʱôϵ㰡
١ϣ鷳ˣʮһͷҲصģǰ١ϸˣ١Ʋһ죬ǽҲסˣһǰʮһˣֻ١ϰֻɽѣûæ
ҡҡͷʾ֮ʮһֱ뿪ˣֻû̫Զڸһұݣ֮󣬱ȥˣ
֮ʮһĴһ£Ƿʲôصͷ֮ģ磬òСһЩ
һм֮ʮһϥȥһţһָǴʱһڵĶ쿴嶫ĹӰ˳
Ӱųһ˲䣬ʮһֱһ̽δǸոմһһĹӰӦʲôأץ˶ԷԴϣһɾǿžӿƣ
̼䣬һ緢ֱӾһԵӰĴ֮УͿӰԭɻı飬һӾͱô·һɵһ㣬ûκεı仯ˣ
ӰǸ֮ǰʮһһпԴϺ쳾ĵù鳤ʱʮһҪģѻ
ѻַΪ֣һͨѻƻѻ֮˵꣬ȴѵļ䣬ںܶ˵־쳣ǿ˻ʧܵĿܣ
һǣǿԵģдݻԵģһʩչѻ±ѻ֮˽صĶôûκôģѻ֮뱻ѻ֮ȣʵܶ࣬ȻĻҲ߱ѻ֮ʲôǳǿͷȻĻûκĽģ
ʮһֱӾǳ˺鳤ĴԼ࣬ݿһ㣬ͽ鳤дԷ߹ˣ
ƻƻʮһüͷ˫ۣţ֮ȴһЩѣ
ʮ֮ʮһ˫л˳ǽֻѾɵ˵ĺ鳤ĻǶлУҷųԣ
ʮһ仰ǶţлڵԼڰ˵ģΪ鳤ĻǸձԼӽȥǼһǼСĶһ㣬ȥ
Ϊ˱Щ˧𣬱Լ䵱ļһΪʳԶɱԣʮһŻһǵģ


881 ˭ţ
ֻһӣʮһǷһȤ飬Ǿǰڰ飬⼸λ˧ȫվﲻǰˣΪѾһӰ֮ǰ嵽˺鳤Ļǰˣ
л֮ڣһסô˧Ĺ꣬ҲֻлΨһŵ꣬ڰˣ
СӣɳĲڰһžǽ鳤ĻǸȫʳˣתͷƺǿԿüվʮһʱģǵ˵
Ȼˣ𣿡ʮһƲһ죬ǲ˵ڰʵ̫źˣΪʹл죬ҪֱӽڰгɴĽԷˣͷȻԼٻ
˵ʲôôͲҪԳ֣ڻڻָʵĽ׶ΣںķѶȥˣ
Сӣ˵ˣһӶҸϷ˵ڰʮһⲻĻüëһһʮһ˵
ߣٸСүװβǣǹ˼ǵŵǰɱ㣬ĨڰȨޣʮһҲһԭȲڰģڣȻһҲˣͲᣬɱһڰ磬Ҳ֪һ£˭лˣ
ƾ㣿ڽֻƷʦʵ֪Ϸ۷ʲôʵڰƻʲôЦһ㣬ĴЦţһָ˵ڣϷʵܵ˺صˣȻƷڵʵ
ôϻСүھҪ㣬˭ʲôʵ㶼øʵʵĴţʮһһһɾǿѹɢ׺ݵлڵĵڰȥ
лˣڰʮһѹ̧֮ǽ֮Χ©Ķʮһ˵
ߣСүǲлˣֲ˵˵ֻƷڵʵʹȬʱܹﵽɼҲûʸ񣡡ʮһڰĻ֮ȴǼ䲻ˬһҪȵڰӵţ
ôָ֪֮ңʵﵽƷɵģڰȴװе㾪ȵĿʮһԾʵ
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ڵڰ뿪ʱʮһͻȻһָоԼл֮ͻȻһָӦƵģҲƺԼлƿӵĶˣָоĪ˵
һ˵Ļ֮ǰлƿаٷ֮ʮĻôھѾﵽ˰ٷ֮ˣһ˲俪ʼԼԺлһЩٿط
߰ģʮһӦ֮󣬼æкŲ֪ܵȥ˵ĵڰ꣡
СӣʲôѾлˣʲôôԺֵᷢģڰӰٴγ֣Ȼ߰Ŀʮһ
ϻָʵĻǿԴﵽƷɼ𣿡ʮһڰˣٺЦһѯʵ
ʲô˼ڻϷϷԴӳΪڰ㣬ȺǾлˣһϷʵڰ굱һӣǲ˵
ǺǣôأҾһ£ʵҪôָܹʮһЦһʳԼеʣ
ָʵ𣿡ڰһ£ʮһǴʲôˣ
⻰ô˵أⲻлĿӻָʵҲ֪һʦԽԽˣȴкܶС֮ͽҵŵĴУʮһǴ˸Ǵһƣ
Ҳʮһô룬ΪڰƷɼ𣬶ֿа취ָĻôԼɽһǿĴ֣ڼԼлԷӳ֣¾һĹʲôģͲǶֵģ
ֻǰᣬָʵİ취̫ڼѣȻĻҲе㲻ʵˣ
СӣĻʵָʵİ취ܼ򵥣ڰǱһʮһֻʮһȥܸоͷԼ
ʲô취а취Ļһᾡȥ취ģʮһԶε˵ڰ껰в֪ǳǿ޵Ļֱѯʵ
ղŶʵĻǣٶٰʮӦþͿԻָˣڰ꿴һۣһ֮󣬺ĵ˵һ䣡


882 ˵ģ
ҿٰʮƷ۷ĸֺòã㵱ǴײأʮһڰĵĻش𣬲ûһѪƷ۷ĸ֣ôо˵ôһĲֵأ
ƷƷƷ˵ôֵĴײʲôþȵģڰ꣬˸ۣȻٶʧˣ
ģǴײ˼ëǮһƷж٣ȫһǮһˣʮһҲֻǶŵڰʧıӰݺݵһڣǽл
ԺһɣҲ֪ͷĻǣڰʳĻԻָʵʮһ̾һͻȻԼ֮пǻѺһֻƷĹأתͱʮһˣ
ΪʮһָʵҲһŰɣô˵Ҳһĳְ
뵽ʮһ˫ֱӾǽ2ͷĻǣ֮Ул֮УֱӾһָõͷǵĶͷλãſол֮壬Ϊлڵھ꣬Ӵ˿̿ʼҵ
ʮһĻһɫĹâ˲ͷĻ֮ڣͷǵĶͷϣǸֳһ״ӡǣǸɫǣǵĸ֣ͷϵϢҲǿʼ˱仯
ͷϵϢһһķű仯Լһӵʱ䣬ͷϵǳ׵ȶ
ھޣˣʱͷͻȻʮһһݣ֮˾ηϿң
ãʮһһ̵Уһ㼤ģԼڳΪлĵһ갡ôܻ᲻أ
Ūһ֮ʮһһʱ䣬Լɽ˵ʱѾǹȥһʱˣæһºȻһһĳ񣬽״̬
ʮһ֮ҪץʱΪղͷһµĶԹ֮УҲܵһ̶ȵķˣȻ˵ֱɱͷҲ˵һǧ˰ˣ
ΪǧĻһ¶Ժ䣬ҲȥûʲôһѹƵסƣ
һƷһȻ֮ƷʦְʮһһûĻпܻܵش϶Ǻп⵽ˣ
ԣʮһǧϲǲˣڵĵ֮ǸϽһ£ȻǧѾԶʼ޻ԼڵƣҪԼȥתһȦһȦģ
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ԸӦĵǱߺܵĸĹѨȥˣʵֻƷʦԭţ߶ﵽƷĻôֱӺ϶Ϊһʱ׼ʦ֮
ȴҲֻˣ
δüϴһ£Ǵˣʮһ붼֪϶ǸǣߵſڴһȻ²ǰ㣡
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ǣʮһˣֱ߽һԵϴּϴ
һжѾ㶨ˣɽʣµЩӶھʮҵĽһأʮ֮ʮһ١ϵĳϣ١˵λʻȥ
к֮ʮһû˵ھˣ˽ʮһģ֪ӦʲôأҲûгţ
Ȼûиô˽ʮһȴǿԶõʮһʲô뷨ԣҲûгţ
١ϣеˣ֪ΪɶͻȻ˵ˣһۣҿһۣҲֻѡ˵
ȵӾͿҪĿĵصʱ򣬸ȴͻȻ˵ˣϴʲôҪģ;˵㻹òҵֵܰ
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ǣԵ˵ʱĻôԽԽЦɱԷʱ򣬶Цŵģ
ԣ֪˿̵ʮһԼˣ
ǲǾԼ˲ˣֵ֮飬㲻֪𣿡ʮһɫĿĿһ֮󣬲˵һֱ١ϵĳȥعɣٸˣ
ңʮһĻʵǱŵˣ˺þ֮һ񻹲֪Ҫ˵ʲôƵģԼסͷ
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ΪֵܣΪҰ㵱ֵܣҲŲҲȥ㶮һֺΣյĹȥϴǲһֱģʮһžһƴ˸еԴϣֵ˵
ףûôҺʱԼ£аһʮһǲ˵
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ԥһ֮ҧһ촽˾ҲƸȥ
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ʮһһ߿˳Ĵţֻվͷɽϣǵվŵˣ룬װףǹذףѻǹ߲ǹ΢壬ӦоУ
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Ҫ鳤ĵûУֻȫ㣡ɽʮһĻԥһֳ֮˵˳
Ŷǲ֪Ƕ˭ȽϷͬһЩأ𣿡ʮһŶһһתͷ̿ɽʱʮһƦӣ
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ϼʲôҲֻ˵˵ѣʮһȴͻȻһЦԽɽˣվ˻ŵЩӶǰЩˣŷ֣оȻŮ
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ʮһĻҲǷ׷ߵɽ˵վסĿǰʮһ֪ʮһҪʲô
˵Ҫҷֵ𣿡ʮһֽĸик˹һ䣡
ⲻϻ𣿡ʮһĻ󣬷˸˵
ǾȰЩˣʮһ˵ĺ赭д䵽˵Ķоû취赭дˣ
ʮ˰˵˾ˣɽ١Ϻϣȫһޱȣ
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ҲߣӰʮһĻһβûзŭˣǰʮһԣС˵һ䣡
Ҫ߰㲻𣿲ʵˣʮһʮһĻתͷЦһ䣡
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ʮһԵپղŵĻ֮ҲĵһǺ±СôһȭһŵģΪڸղһ˲䣬Ȼϣôһ˿
ԼǿģֻǴ˿ڿȻ˪ıʱʮһֿʼԼղǲǲˣ

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˰ʮһŭʣȴֻǵĻһ䣬ʮһһͷԵϣ
⵽Ӧ˰ɣʱҲ˹ЦŶʮһ˵֮⣡
һȥȻһȺ˼˵ˣǹҶ˵ģʮһƳһ۸УԷǵǳǳĿӵʱ򣬲м˵
ɣȴǸͲʮһĲмǼ˵㵽Ҫʲôȥ˰ɣ
ϣҸĵطһɣӦûԼլԺɣʮһһ۸Уתɽ˵
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ŶãɽʮһĴ֮תһߵĶʮ˷ԸȥҼ
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ļˣͣʮһղǺĶأǸгȺ֮͵ͷʹо岻ѣ
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ǣʮһǰһʮһǰĴһ䣡


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бҪôʱҲҪúõ˯һɣɽߵһйˣһ䣡
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ǾѵÿҲ˯˭Ҳ˯˵һԼһȥˣǷĵؽѣһŵĶһЩþƣûκ֪ͨԼǿҹȥʵе̬
ôˣɽҪ˵飬ɵѯʵ
ǺǣûʲôôץʱѵɣȹǾ֪Ϊʲôˣҡҡͷûֱشʲôʱ˯Ǿʲôʱ˯ⲻҪ
ʱ򣬸пǸһ·ģ֪ʮһһͲҪ˯ģ˵ʮһҪ̬ʮһ˯뻹ҪأҪ֪ʱҲǿԳ䵱˯ߵģ
ȴǾһֱȾƣǿԺһµˣ˯ʲôȫûм
ɽ˼в˵ҲͲˣЩʼѵˣʱʱָһָһǸģʣµ߸ˮ⣬ǱнеһԵѵȥˣ


888 ĺܲ
ʱѾǰ˲ٺƵҲ˶¥¥ϣĵĺžƣ˲֪ǣʮһ֮ǰ˵һ仰ֻ˵Ķѣ
עⰲȫҺúõѵһЩһһºһ㣡ʮһߵʱ򣬶˵ģ
ĻԶ͸ԵˣֻǼסʮһǾ䣬һºһ㣡
ʱʮһѾڳڿʼȴˣֻڴ֮ǰ̸򼸾ھĿĵ֮󣬱㲻ٴԷˣ
ʮһĿھ֮ҲĬĬļţרĵĵ˾ֻȴʱʱ͵͵һºʮһضİˣǴһ˿棡
ʱ䵽ϵʱǽӵԶʻʮһĶ棬ҪѯһЩھզģΪȻˣǲеɶ˼
ϸʮһаСʱҪʮһϵʱʮһȴͻȻ˫ۣŵһ˿˰֮ԶͣĴԼأǱŵˣ
𣿡ʮһҲǱһһ죬ǸоиڴԼ˫۵ģֻȴǿһ䣬ٷ۾ŮڶԼΪǿĻӦҲǿ٣
ǸҵĿھҲҲǷӳ˹Щε˵
ŶǸܼ򵥣ҽһƴɱܣҪ˵ĻٿԴﵽɽļ𣡡ʮһĽ֮󣬲Ȼ
ãһһؽ㣬תڵʱͿԼˣʮһָĽ뵤У
ҲʮһĻȫʮһİڲ
о仰Ҫ㣬ҿҪƷĵϣΪҲźýڵɽڣȻһһİҸھٳһʮһѾʲôܣ۾ˣ˵һ䣡
ʮһĻ˫۲ʵ
ʮһҲ֪ô˵Լĵλָһ£
ûϵ·𣿡򿴵ʮһĶ֮󣬵Եúν˵Ҫ·
ľٶʮһʵǱһæֹԷôźòãѾǹҵˣ
ʮһƸĵϣڵֳһ㣬Ȼ˳ֱӿĵ֮ڣ
Ĭҽ̸ھʮһһȣʮһĺ֮ҲǼæĬھ
ܵѾǿʼھйʮһǵڰȥžת
Ȼͦƻͦѣʮһոеһ룬ǸоԼǰݹȥǵѾʣˣֻٴδȥһЩ
ԭ룬֮ǰɹȥѾԹˣȴû뵽ȻûɵһЩȣ
ǹһСʱʮһջ֣һ⻹һΰ˿ͨû뵽ôôۣο⻹ֻһ֮
ʮһһ飬ǾľλʲôģȣҲûʲôرĵطһҪ˵ʲôһģôӦľеϸ
ʵһʮһʶˣľϸ̶Ⱥ͹˶һģֻǣʮһǰҲû˿ֻͨԼȥȽϣŻôöѣ
ѾԼʼˣʮһҲĵ˸ʻλãųⲻԶȥĺڰоȻһ˿˸к壡
֪ԼһεľǶԻǴϾŪôһСɾֻ֯һѪ֯ҲǲܴĻعڵģѵһֱε
ֻǣҲһ뷨ǾǿһŽԼ֮ǰһԼˣôʹʱ򣬵ڵЩһ뷴ԼҲи룡
˵ʮһԼͻЩ˷ŵھ˲Լ쵼ԼҲȫɱЩˣֻЩˣ붯֣ϾҲڵŵĵӣܲɱͲɱ
ԼߴȥһȺţ˵ĻҲͻͣˣ
˶ӵģҲ˶л׷棡
һεĿĵأǶŷԭֻΪ߼ңԽǻҵĵطԽƣԽ׳͸Ӣһ
ʮһǴΪͷһ£ԵĻֱӽкɽǣѶƾǵʵסŲʲô⣡


889 
һҹʮһûǾôţ˼һЩǰûʱ䣬Ҳûȥ˼飬ϾƷʦǰôңɼȴѾﵽˣı죬ƷʦƷʦһսˣ
ͬʱģǸ¹ĹԵСɽ壬±ߣ͸ıһ鲻ܶܵӣԼǴӦ˼ңԼƷˣͻȥģ
֪ǵѣǺǻԷʲô֪شڣʮһԭǲȥģȴ뵽Էʵ϶Ƿǳǿģ԰ԼĻôһжü򵥺ܶ࣡
ӵʵʮһڴﵽƷ֮һָопѾﵽƷɼˣΪӴѹȸУ񻹼£
ѹȸУǳ´ɽͷǼ춼޷֮ȣܱ󷨷ӡĴڣԴһ֪ˣ
һҹһζȵʱ򣬶Ѿǽ˶ŷĵؽ磬ֻʮһҪȥĵطһСεľ룬ʵҲʱ򿪵ȻĻ賿ʱѾˣ
Ҹоǿ˺ܶ࣡ԴһͷţˣʱҲǴһҹĴ˹ʮһԣڼʻλϣʮһ˵֮һЩ˷ܣ
һϵʱ䣬ͿⲽѾܰˣٶȣҲһܵʱ䣬ͿԴһˣʮһһ򣬷ֶԷȻѾﵽһƷ۷壬ƷҲֻһ֮ңˣɵúο
û뵽Ů򣬻ôӱ츳ԺúõĿһ£ûĻ԰Ѻ벿ֵĿھʱҲ
ûʮһ֮ǰ˵ú˿ԴﵽƷΪֻ˶ԷƷĿھ
еǿƷģֻ׳̶ȲͬͬȾֳ֮ʵҲǲͬѣ
ҲΪʲôʮһƷʱɱͷƷʦԭȻɽͼԭҲǧԭֵԭ򣬵ȴҲһԭǾĿھ
ھеͷ콣д֪֮ķ˻ѧӦģ֪ˣҲһ
̫ˣȥʱôʰǣǵϷҵĽãʮһĿ϶֮Եøӵ˷ˣɫ֮иһζ
ǵϷǽ𣿡ʮһҲе棬ΪʣµЩɴ󲿷ֶǹˣ
ǰǵһｨݵļһȻŴҵ⣬Ҫʵ࣬пĵһξôûأ˵ｨݵ˵ʱ򣬿ȥһЩߣֻ˵Ļȴʹʮһһ£
ѵ㲻ǲｨݻôңΪһŮˣӶ֮һֱ쵽ڣȻҲɵһӾǿʮһķӦɵʵʵ
ŶҲǴ֮𣿡ʮһҡͷٴ׷ʵһΣʮһȴûҡͷֻεЦЦ
Ҿڻҵ˸ҪǲŵĻھͿԸһ£ҡͷȻһӾͽ˫ַڿϣƾҪȥ
ţʮһԭֻ˵һӾô˵ľٶŵһͷ˳ĺ棬һξ룬˫ָڶ
̫ɰˣʮһ⸱ٶ֮󣬴Ц˵
ֻʮһĻȴǲ㱳ȥ꣬ɰأô˵𣿲֪ǶǷǶ㲻ôһĶѾǹҵˣôôĺţʶСʱҪôԸǣ㣬Ҳ˵Ļ
ԺЦҪٿˣһģ˰֮ʮһԸ
֪ˣʮһĻټ֮ʮһı飬˵ͷͻȻָǰ˵Ѿ׶˹ˣ
ţɣڹ˼֮ʮһǶԸ
ʮһȥĹ·ٴδֻǺûãŸոת죬ʮһһɲΪȣϢȣ嶼ΪԶˤȥ
Ŷǲ˼ҲǷʮһæ͵
û£ʲôˣʮһҡҡͷתʵ
ǰ·סˣӺǷʲôˣҿҪˣʮһĻָָǰ˵


890 ټϹ
ʮһ˳ָǰȥǰ·ˣҿѾǿʼˣ
Ⱥʮһһüͷ˳ȥΪУһʶ׼ȷһ˵ôʶҹϵǲ
Ȼ֪ʮһΪʲôͻȻ³ǿʮһȥˣҲϨ˻𣬸һȥˣʮһһȺȥ
ЩƤӣϽʮһ˸ո߽һȫеУһһ̣ͷ߸ߵ⣬ָŶǻ
ݣǸʲôҲҸүô˵˵ˣǲҲ𣿡һŷͷͷϲ֪˶ٷһգѾһ㷴⣬лһɫӣŵĲŶǸ⣡
ӵһȺйɵ壬ʱȫѾǿʼˣ
ֻŶУйȫǴŸһװҲǴһĵɽװΨһͬǣЩȫǱһɫƤǷˮ֣
ֻȺй֮Уӵ󣬻һŮӣŮӿȥòǺһ㣬ֻ䴩ӦһܸŮӣŮҲǱʵʵͿΣ
СˣǻбҪأʱǸʵʵŮӣȴͻȻ˵ˣ
ߣξͷŹǣŮӵĻȻǲʣҲûа취ŶǸ⣬һָת׼кߣ
еʱ򣬲߾Ϳߵ˵ģ˵ʱ˿̣⣬ӵĻڼ϶ԷȳָһӲˣһǳ˹ȥһž֮ǰӵĺϣҲһӾˤ˵ϣ˸ʺ
һţͺһŻӵըҩƵģ˲ȼֳսĵߣֱӾǴһǸӣҲǼѵĴӵųȥҲǲ֪һש
ǣ֮ǰ˵ǸŮӣȴһһ˵սȦ⣬Ŀⳡ򶷣Ҳ
ʱŮҲǿʮһֻڿʮһʱסˣҲû뵽ʮһֻڿʮһԸŵ֮ȴһŤͷֱٴνͶעսȦ֮У
Ů˵ķӦʮһҲںԼҲΪϹѩĹϵŻһµģԷֹǸӳʲô⣬ô˵Ϲѩìܵģ
ϹϹܣֻǲ֪ΪʲôܵˣϹѩѾͷԸӦһŵİ
ϣץסǣȻòǺƯһʱУҲ֪˭һǿ󺺣ֱϹȥ
סǣǿҴ㣡ϹҲǼæ֮г˽ֻǺܶʱ򣬲˵żõģڣ˵ʵϹǴƵģ
ԣʹϹżЩҲȥϹ꣬ȫ˸סˣ
ϹҲǿģŵЦҲһ˿ңʶľǸ￴ȥȴǿǸˣȻЦݵվ
Ϲ겻ɵúϹѩֵͬʱҲңԼʱĽԼ˻ȥһȻֲεˣʵ̫ɵˣҾȻѼĺǸˣҪ֪⺮ǣϹҿǾֻ飬һǴвŮģ
ÿһ麮϶һ֣һ꣬һѩҲǽֵںϵ֣ڵ֪Ů޵һ𣬾Ҹȥģÿһỻɲ֣ͬ
׳ѾϾҪץԼˣϹı˫ѾˣһУֱҧ࣡
ֻǵ˺þãҲûеȵǲĴѵǼ˳Լɻͬʱ˫һŴŵЦӳǰһ뻹һ߿Լʮһ
뵽ϹŤͷһ߿ȥȴֻʣһƤƤ㣬ŵƤѥԸŮɣﻹǸһӰ
ллȻ֪ʮһôôͳ嵽Լǰô׵Ĵ׳ģǳڴϹ껹л


891 侲ֻ嶯
ϹĵǸʮһûᣬŮ˾ͲΪһллģתһߵսȦֻٶȴʹϹǲϹ꿴ʮһô˵ҲӦ˵һɣȴ뵽شģֻһĮıӰ
ҿʮһ̫ôϲˣҰʱ֮еϹҲǿ־ˣСеĺ
ʮһʵǶ֪һЩģϹѩҲ˵һ㣬ԣڼʮһ֮Ϲ֪Լ߿԰ȫˣ
ϹȣʮһҲҡҡͷ˵õأ˵õĴӵܵĸ߰أôϹһ㶼ûпأ
ʮһһߵ˵ȥһ֣оΣ
ѾˣʮһĻֱӾһȺУͻֱײ
ԭЩ֮һĲ࣬ȻЩ˿ҲǺǿӣϾǿĻҲһһϹЩˣҪ֪Ϲˣÿһɶĸǵʵģ
ֻȻˣһҹѾһ˿ƵҲǿȵģֻ˫ֳƣһ£Ҵһ£òⰡ
ǣʮһȴǿſţüͷΪȻͣЩˣÿһƶһô̶̵Ĳһӵʱ֮ڣȻҲǱˣ
򲢲ûǿĿԣʱѾһ˿ѪˣҡҡͷҪǴɸֵĻҪԷһײϰ
ڵǣϹЩһҲûţھĴ֮󣬿ԼͻȻһţˣȫһֻһ㣬໽žǸӵˣҲ˱˺ܶ࣡
ֱȫ֮Ҳûκεƣȵǰʮһʵоô
ˬ˫֮дһ˿˷֮ɫһǵѪƺ˿Լܵˣ
ûвԼﲻ𣿡ʮһʵ
ʱϹȴ˹ֱһʮһļϣǿĵ˵ܼ̫ˣôˣ
Լ룡ʮһǶ˵һ䣬תͷϹ˵ȷҿģ
ⲻϻţεܸаհϹ粻ˬ˵ٺЦſʮһһ֪϶ڴʲô˵Ļ⣡
ɱ˵һкܶҪģҶǵ飬ҲǺܸȤʮһһƿϹ磬һҺ㲢Ǻӣ
ǰɣôӣô˵ҲѰɣϹʮһķӦʾǲһҪҪôı飡
ʲôǲǵģҸûô죬Ϊ㣬ҶùǣʮһϹĻԭŲôӵģȴǿϹǿԼˬ񣬲ɵþһ
һΣΪ㣬ϹѩСôָԼˣӣһΣô˵ҲǸǾһȻǰڳһ˭Ƿģ
ԣʮһ˵ĻŻ˵ôֱӣô飡
ҿҲ̫ˣκϹͲʮһô˵ҪʮһҲһץȥˣΪѾ֪һεжҪ֮ǰеѺܶ࣬Դӽ׶֮ѾǵڶҲˣÿһǷǳı뺷
һεʱѾˣҲΪڶβûסڼǱߣҲѣһβŻûɳʲô̫ĸ
ԣѾʮһôҪʮһһţҲһ뷨Ǿ˵һγĿʲôʮһǿ϶Ӧģ
Сܣø˵ԼԵģϹҲ֪ģʮһ⸱ӣ͸оǲˬ˵ȫûյ侲ǣ
˵ĺܶԣټʮһҲЦˣֻǲǿĵЦˣǱϹЦģ涼ϹҵĴŮ˫̼ߣһдУһָ˲ţ߶ԣϹǸжĻпܣʮϹҾԻΪѹĴڣ
ֻ£ʮһ˿ûоϹ紫ô񣬿һлۼΪʵ
㣬һ£ϹԼĻҲǱʾе㲻⣬һ侲Ĵ㣬Ϊλô嶯ѵûڵľƺҪʮһûʮһĻǺпܻزȥ


892 Ӥʬ
ʮһ֪ҺҴΪʲô𣿡ϹеʧϹ˵һ֮󣬱תʮһ˵
֪Ҳ֪ʮһĻشȻܲӣҲȻޣʹһߵϹֱӾŤͷǿԼȥҲȥΪԼ̲סһʮһ
ã㲻֪֪ΪʲôһϲðյҶ㣬Ϊʲôûиһ𣿡ϹһҲıֳˣΪӵӦеʮһô˵ôǼ˵ţ
ѵѩйأҲϹ룬֮ʮһӦˣ֮ǰǰ㣬ʲôûϵǷˣ
̸߱ɲԣϹʮһķ֮ҲǳһȻ֮ǰͺаʮһȻӦǵʮһĻ󣬻ǺܸˣеļҲǺƵס
ãҵĳҸģʮһϹĻ󣬵ûзϻһ仰󣬾תԼĳȥҲȻǽģ
ϹҲǼæϣֻǸǻعͷϹ˵㣬ҪҪҲȥ
ȻҪҪѩ£ô˵ϹһϹ磬ԽϹʮһĳȥϹҲֻҡҡͷȻæϣ
ҵٶ̫ˣȽ복ڵȴǽԼ뵽⣬ʮһ
ԣҪǣûдﵽôʱ򣬱ս͵İ취Ǿ˴򵽣ʮһ뵽ڣҲеοϾһӾҵڰ
ǣҲ֪ôȥٶȰѾٶˣʮһĻ󣬾еΣΪѾٶˣٶĽУѾǿˣ
۾ڴһײʮһ˵仰ʱϹϹҲ˽
ʮһȻ˽ֻȴûеһʱᣬǵȻһָˣķԸѾ۾üĴϹϹ˱ǿһ΢⣬ȻʮһüĵָϣݵĴУ
˴Լӵʱ䣬ʮһջָһϹ˵˭ȥڽи˾ȥ
ȥɣʮһĻϹ˵һ˼ʻλܲܽȥ
˵˵ô°ɣӿ֮ʮһȿ˵
רĿ˵ɣϹѾǻָˣȻлǿʮһܲˬǾҪԵϹҪ˵֮󣬱ǽӹ˻
ģԼ֮ǰɣҲǻصûãһҺѩȥμһᣬֻǻ֮û죬ѩǻˣүү֮˵Ǳ˹ˣϹһ˼·֮󣬿ʮһ˵
˹ƣʮһ֮ϰԵüͷüֳ֮˴ͣʵүүû˵ʲôƣʲôȵİ취
үү˵һӤʬƣѾʧܾˣҲ֪ʲôԾѩİ취Ϲ˵ʱɫҲеȻ
˵ص㣬ﵽǲǸѩйϵǲʲôԾѩĶʮһﲻɵüëһЩ˵ʲôûа취ûа취ʲô겻֪˵˵װ
Ϊүү֮˵ӤʬҪεĻڰ׶һֽӤʬģֻԾѩǲŻģϹʮһĻ󣬷ûǼʮһš
ʲô˼ѵ˵ӤʬǱ׶µ𣿻˵ǰ׶ģʮһϹĻ󣬶Ϲ꣬Щʵ
Ҳֻ֪Ǵүүô˵ǾôˣϹҡҡͷȻʮһʵ⣬Ҳǲ֪
֪ȥʲôӤʬʮһϹı鲢˵ѵӣٴʵ
үүǵõϢʱ˵ڰ׶һĹ֮УӤʬϹĻشʮһ⣬óһŵͼݸʮһ˵Ĺĵͼ
ȻͼУʮһɻĽӹͼһʸУȻôƤģҿһߣһаԵķţʮһǷȥĿ˺ü飬ȻϹʵͼ˭ģ
үүҵģ˵һУ仨ӤʬϹشʮһ⣬ԵĲһӣָһµͼмһСڵ㣬Сڵ㱻С꣡


893 Ӱ
ϹĻ˵ѵһֻ껨ĻֻҲδ̫ô˰ɣϼһȻЩʱºܲף˵ֱӽʶ˲֪ĵط
ǣҲֱӲεİӵܾ͸ΣôԵ޹ʾͱ¹أ֮Ҫܵ׶Ѱңôȥôое㲻ף
үүⶫǵʱ򣬻˵ʲô𣿡ʮһץƤͼϹѯʵ
ʲôҲû˵ֻ˵ӤʬǾѩΨһ취һҪõϹʮһĻϸһ֮ش
ǼûƷ࣬ƷܲڶûжİɣٲҲôʮͬɣʮһüͷĸˣɵٴѯʵ
үү˵ûжĸˣӤʬʲôΣգϹ˵ҲеоˣǰڽţҲӦе㱾µ
֮ǰֻΪļſԿһҵӤʬȺѩҲûʲôΣգҲһֱû⣬ǣڣŸս׶ڣѾһ鷳ˣһжżȻ
ôȫүүүүأʲôû˵𣿡ʮһҲˣɵٴʵ
ǲʲôԵĵطʮһԼĻϹɫһӾ¶һ˿֮ɫٴ׷ʵ
Ҳ֪ǲǲԵĵطϹҡҡͷ˵ԴӴүү֮үүͺ¶ˣǽ뿪ʱүүǶûг֣峤λҲɴүүˣ
ϹĻʮһĬˣԤУӺϹ޳һıʲô˵ҪʲôȻĻҪ峤λأֵ˵öǰӿɾΪ峤Ӱ쵽žܾ峤ģ
ôΪʲôҪ峤λأ
뵽ʮһͻȻһҪ⣬ǾϹѩǲǰȫģ
ѩһֱǻŵ𣿡ʮһͻȻǶϹѯʵ
ѩ֮ǰڼģǳǰһܣүү͵зˮЭᣬʦ˼˵һǰа취ֹƶӣֻѩһֱŵģϹʮһʻ֮һüͷ˵
ϹĻش֮ʮһһϹѩһʦǾԻᰲȫģֻһͬʱҲǸӿͷһǲǶе̫ˣֻǵ٣һʱҲ壡
ʮһ򿪳ͷ̽ڣƾŰĴϣԺ֮ȴȻһ飬ܸоһжܲȴ벻ﲻ
ˣһǰҽģʮһ˼ҵʱϹȴͻȻݹһֽ˵һ䡣
һǰ˵ʦһǰģϹ꿴ʮһɻĽӹֽٴ˵
ԼҪŷʱģҲܱһʦ㵽ʮһ仰û˵ģĽۺõֽչֻһ֣
ֻڿ֮ʮһԭü壬һչˣֽųһţһգȵٴչ֮ʱѾǻΪһƬĩ
ǣʮһȴˣڴԱߵģɵǣǴ򿪵ģƴ࣬ƵĴ򿪣ЩΪĩֽһȫǱ紵Ʈɢ˳ڣ
ֻҲãֻƮɢλȴе㲻ԣϹͷϣϣǣ
ȿȣǲ˼ʮһ״ҲǼæϴǸ
ϹûʮһĵǸóһС澵ӣأʰƮɢϵֽмֻϵĻһЩͷϵȴǶһѣ֮󣬷˿֮Ȼвֽм
ǿеŭϹԾͲʮһˣǱ۾Ҳ֪ЩʲôֻǴ䲻ͣƤʱûбϿôƽ
ϹҲǲҶ˵ʲôרĵĿųǰԼҵĶǰУ
ʲô֣ӣڰһ֮ǴӴ˹ɫ۾֮Уѹֲס˸˷ܣ
ⲽлӰҲ˵ȫ֮˴򶷽ֵʱ򣬶ԷֻܿһƬӰӣʮһĻЦŴ
̫ˣҸһ°ȻǼƺѾԿһ֮ʮһȥʱ׾ٴſһĳ棡


894 ץꣿҧˣ
ȱ𼱣ҪʹսĻҪĳԣӰںһӵĻڽʱ򣬲ŻᾡıֹĿյ˷ĻᣡҲŻʹƵӵĴһЩʮһȴҡҡͷ˵
סˣһ£ʵﲻҵԤڵĻҲΪҪɣ԰Ǽһһչ׳֯ˣʮһĿ򣬷ǳ˵
İɣʮһĻ֮ҲǲϻֱӾǱ֤˵
ôֱӹϵĻشʮһǺܿģûܶǰㆪ£ĵ˵ͷڱ˵
ʻԼĪаСʱңϹǽͣΪǰĳҲѾͣˣȺ˳ǰɽʮһɵüͷ
ôûͼϣлǰ·ߣҲûпɽأʮһתվһԵϹʵ
ΪϱԭûлϹش
ôҵģôôȷɽʮһ֮ԻдһʣΪǰɽϣûиܵһ˿Ҫ֪һĹĻһģ
˭ԸܵõģһҪǷˮʦһҪڷˮһſԵģȻʦϵĸҲкܶʧʱ򣬱ϾǶ̽õģ
ʹδģҲǸӣ˵Ǵүүʱյͽܣ˵ĹүүǰԣүүŻǣʮһ֮ϹָһǰǸϹվһָǰ⣬ʮһ˵
ɿӵͽܻôʮһϹĻʾɣʱյͽܣ򲻹ôս磿
Īεڿʵ뵽ʮһɵȥֻǲŸտȥͷǽεĴ⣬ҲǻعͷԼ
һ˲䣬ʮһǿԶ϶һʵˣôʶԲһӵеģԼղȻǴſȥԼڵʵ͵͵شˣһǲģ
㣬лҪ˵ʱϹȴһ˹Ϲ˵
ʲô£ϹӦһ䣡
ϹС㣬ǰɽǵĿĵˣΪ˰ȫǣҪҪ뼸һæмʦ˼ҵѵϵʽ㿴װĿһʮһϹ˵
ɿ𣿵»Σ𣿡Ϲԥһºʵ
СľˣǼ˶ʦѣҲȫйˣеΣգҪǼλǰڵĻӦûᰲȫܶ࣡Ϲʻ֮󣬶һ֮󣬼˵ǵǰҺʦ⼸λǰȥǵ˵Ļһ˶
㣬ҿҪͽǼүүѹæɣȫΪϹϹ껹˼һ˵
Ǻðɣ鷳ϵһ£ǾȥŰɣϹ꿴Լܵһۣ֪ܵܵģ˵ƽʱקĸƵģһʱԼѩģһʲô۵㣬ǿ϶ɵģԲŻӦ
ȥϵλǰμϹӦˣ۵һ˿ײĵ⣬һּıóʱŻֵɫ
ȻֻһǱʮһˣߵһߴ绰ΣʮһǣһĨζЦݣ
С㣬үλǰʱ䣬˵ҪʦĺԸǰ˵һʱܵδ绰֮˹Ϲ˵λһ£ǾȥɣѾǴˣһ¾Ϳˣ
鷳ˣϹЦεļ򣬶ǲϹ꣬ʮһһɽȥ
СܣղΪʲôͬ⣬νаǲʲô뷨ʱ֮ڣֻʣĸˣϹѯʵ
ʮһһҴӦģ˭֪һڴʲô⣿ϹԼĻָָʮһ˵
֪ʲôԭ𣿡ϹԼܵܵĻŤͷʮһ˵
㲻Ҳ쵽Щ˰ɣʮһǷϹһ䣬Էĵһͷ֮󣬱Ǽ˵԰ҪץסĻҪֻȽβ¶
ǡϹ˵Ǻ֮󣬷˸ҧô죿ֻǻδ˵꣬ͱʮһˣ


895 ֽ
ֻʮһ˵ҿǸˣ
ʮһϹĶԻʹϹ˶ûϹľãԼ̺һ㲻ˣ
ֻϹ绹򣬶ûȥѯʣⶫӦҲԼʲô
ϹʮһĻ֮ҲĿһʮһĸ˱ɽȥڵǣɽ·ǱݹģߣֻǶϹ˵һ۶ѣ
ȵĿĵ֮ѾǲˣȻ˽һСʱʱ䣬ǰĿյأԼյϴõļԼ־ߣһЩ߿Ƽ豸ϹϹܣֱӾ֮
æµȺʮһûϹܲ鿴ʼűʮһֻһ֮ĸں棡
ʮһʱ߿һۣұ߿һۣ˫ֻͣıȻţú棬вɵѧϰͷ
ʮһʱҲڲ󷨣ⲻ뿪ɽıʱʱֻӳһѻ󷨣̺еķûʲô̫ãֻǿԵһЩϵŷ
Ҫµ󷨣ȴһ֪󷨣Ը֪⸽ǷͺѰľѰһģ󷨣һΪûѰľʹѰ̵ĻٻδӰ̫̫˲
Ѱǰ߻һֺôǾǿԸӵľ׼һԵĸ֪һ£ĹѨ֮ڵһЩڣⶼѰ̺ѰľﲻЧ
ֽ⣡ʮһλӡ֮һ˫ı仯ţһ˽վŵĵϣ
ʮһƵĳһƬâ˲ĭ˵֮£ʮһ۾ĸһ£󻺻վ
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ʱʮһ֮вϿôƽһǵģǹ⹬мһΣҲɳΪ
ϷһСһɫģǱѪ࣬Ѫ֮иոֲһ㣬ѪѪģѪɫСȻֻŻ꣡
ȫϹ˵ģǸӽǵŵͼģǴҪҵǶ仨Ӥʬ
ֻǣʮһȴǴӤʬϣܵһǵضѹָо˵һֱģ˾ֵĲ
һ֮⣬֮ڣ˰˿ѪѪĹײģ˿ڹײ÷˸λոպýмֻӤʬΧм䣡
ղ֮Իʹɽǻζһ£Ϊʮһ̽鵽֮󣬱Ҫٴμ̽һ£ȴǸո׼룬ǿһڹײϣһ޴𶯣
һ޴ףԼ߳ǴŵѪڣԼɢƷ֮Ƶѹʮһò˳ʶ
Ƶһľ죬ԼɽĻζΪײڹϣˣʮһЩԼܵÿͬʱҲеľ浽ʲôôһ൱Ʒʦ֮׵ģ
ιʮһղû찡ʮһոջصУϹǶʮһѯʵ
ֲӣʮһСһۣ治֪ҪʲôӣŻʳԵ⣡
ûиоɽζһ°Ϲûʮһǿ׳յƵģǼʵ
ϹҵĴүܲʵˮ׼⣿ǼȲӣҲɵӣ㶼оģôûоأʮһϹĶ󣬵۾˵
ٸұңŲҸƴϹʱŭˣӳڣô󣬻ûбôĳأԴӼʮһ֮ÿμ涼һﳰϹүĲˬˣ
˵ĺܴùƵģϽͣǣٷϻ㣡ʮһȴϹһۣǲмƲһ죬Ȼ󿴵ԷվŲ£ɵЦһ£վһϹļϣ
°ɣϹүˣƢҪˣ
㲻һ㰡ʲô˼Ϲ类ʮһһ֮۵ֱº˵
ǲǿʲôˣϹȴʱ廰ˣѯһ䣡


896 ɵ
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ҲûʲôõѡˣʮһĻϹԥһ£˵
ȷʵ˵ҲγУﶼ͸һɹ죬˵ȺҲ磬ΪүүͽܣôܻôҲӦҪѩѾͷǿһЩİ
ֻǣҲ磬ֳʵԼЩʵ࣡
֮ǰֻΪļϹѩͨʮһ֮ϹѾǻָ侲ǻص˵һжǺ׾׵ģ
ʮһȻȻԷܲˬһȴţӦòẦԼСܣҾϲѩɵѾͷҲ϶һЩģ
ԣʮһõѡ
ǺãһδǼ֮ʲôҪֳȥ֮ңһӦ䣡ʮһȻǶϹ˵ģȴǶɽ·ѾĸӰϱˣ
ιΪʲôֻҴ㣬Ų㰡ҲҲأϹԼˣŭˢŴڸУ
ûǿŰȴ֪ʮһȫӣֻȻô˵ţȴǴóűɷһһţȻⲻʲôţķȴʹһаȲҽȻ񹬵֮Ǹ൱Ʒ֮ףȴ붼Ҫ룡
ҲܴﵽƷôķпܻȵţײҿ⻹ΪĹԭ
С㣬үǻˣʮһһ֮αǴͷ˼˵ǰŵۣͷĶҪ˵ͷ֪ĻΪ̥أ
ϹεĻæվͷкһ
ͨܣʮһҲ֪ŵ۵ͷǸŰɫ۵ͷʦźɫ۵ͷʦһŻɫֻۣɫҲ۵ǸͷФʦ
ʮһûиܣʮһûκεãҲʮһԵֵϻȥѣ
β˵ϹҲȻ˵ģʮһǽܶˣ
ֻǶ˵ȴ˵ֻλɫ۵ͷվ˳ЦеĿʮһ˵֪λôƺأ
ʮһߵʻʮһһ䣬𸴶Է峾ģ֮ǰϹƺԼʱôеģпѾˣҪ˵ѵĻԷĻɣ
ҿǻ׼ȥɣǱѾǴ궴ˣڿߵͷѯʮһ֮ȴһüͷЦĿϹʵ
ǺãǾȥɣֻǻҪλǰϹ΢΢һЦǶͷһԵúò
СŮˣΪģֻΪүүֵ飬һõӤʬģ˵λŰɫ۵ʦ
˾ǿʼŲԶѾΧһȦ˵λȥѾ˵ĵҲǷֳǰ·ΣʦϹ磬мʮһϹ껹ǼʦԼһֱδ˵Фʦ
վλƺ⣬ǣʮһϹ꣬ǿˣǽԼĸ˸İһϹקǰ棬Ҳ˵мܵˣϹҲǵԣ
ʮһȴǸӵȷ˿϶ʲôıˣվλֻһһǣκͷδҲ̫һ㣡
Ҫ֪ʱ򣬴ٵɽǻһСʱأȻɽ;УϹԭߵһ㣡
ǣδͷȻСʱˣǲе̫ˣһҪһ͵ĻǾͷһֱɽ²Զˣпܾɽ£ϹҺһߴ򶷣ʮСسеεĵ绰أ
ڼϣǽʲôʦģ֮ѯԼôƺΪ϶ϳԼˣԼ֮ȴװûӣ
Ǵˣ𣿡οǰֱһҵĺڿһԴŷһõʵ
ʾعܳ㣡㹻˶ȥ֧ʮСʱˣλżŷεʻش֮ڼ֮飡


897 
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ԣϹ˵ͷ
Ϳתһ֣ĸ˹һһصĵɽһͷһԲεͰһĶ
ţһóѾ˵Ͱ
󣬾ǿȺеˣһһڻվͰУͬǸȥһգ۵ʱ䣬Ѿ߰˸ȥˣйˣҲУ
һĻʮһɵŤͷһϹ꣬Ͷȥ˱ӵ񣬶ϹҲǿʮһֻȴҲЩΣ֪ʮһΪʲôҪΪӸղŵһĻͿԿЩУûһǸԼСܵģ
ЩԼˣһֱӹڳ֮УҲûĸԼģֻͬʱϹһЩ󣬰˵Щ˶Ϲҵ˰Ӧӵİ
ңԼܲôɣֱӰһЩͽȫ£һ˰ɣ
ֻǣʮһȴҪϹĲһ룬һжǰ㣬ôȫûбҪİһҪװܹӣȫ˵ȥ
ѵʲôҪĶѵ˵ԼƤͼҲӦðҪǵĻֱ
ѣˣˣʮһ˼ʱһȴǴһʮһ̧ͷȥǰ涼ѾµĲˣڻվģԼԼϹ֮⣬ֻʣͷˣ
һվŵЩӣȻ濴صģһ£ȥӦиʮˣ
Ҳ£˵Сºڣʮһһ֮װ˵ӣҡͷԴҡĸ˹ƵģҪǲʶģһ׼İ˻һ
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ǿҪңҺܺµģκФʦȥֵ֮ʮһˣʮһֱӾվ˳Ͱ֮󣬻˶˶ţ
ֻ⻰Ȼȥ˵ӣȴ֮ǰȥһģΪ˱֤˵İΣ
˵ǣϹҲĴȻĻ˵ҪˣȻԿ϶ĿǰΪֹ˺Ϲܣ˭ܱ֤ĿĴﵽ֮أ
еǿֵͲʮһĿ壬Ѿǳ̦ˣ˵ԲھģԼ֮󣬸ûκεľԣЩ߲ƭƭϹܵİˣ
ʮһϹ꣬Ҳ˵Ϲ类ʮһ֮ǰ͵͵Ϲ˵ģ
Ҫı⣬Ӷֱ֮Ӷ֣ҲԱ֤ܲȫڶԷЩ˵ͼһܶ;ģȻĻ˺ˣ
ڣУ˭棬ȻǲˣŮģʹŮǽ㣬һС󶼺չһ˳ҵŮкܣҲȻԣ
½ٶȺܿ죬ǵȵʮһڵϵʱҲѾǲȥʮʮˣʮһͰʱ򣬲ǿ±߾ȻһƻֵĻأԭŵģ֮ǰأҪһֱųôˣǼ˿ɹùģ
Ҫ٣ҪʹݽߣǰĻ֮ʮһҲǲɵһûȻ϶Ҫ⵽ˣ
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ǱˣһκФʦʮһûеֵȥգϳˣʵ̫ˣһҲߴĵۣԱվһ˸ɵ
˵ĲƵģɫۣ֮ǰһֱû˵Фʦ
ʮһϳֱ֮Ӿֵ̧˹ȥ󵭵˵ԭǰһΪʲôаأ


898 ȫݼ
ФʦĻʮһǼûзϣҲûгϣ෴ǲĻһ䣡
һε޹أûǲҪֵĺãФʦԵĴӵΣʮһĻ֮ɫһӾǳȥʮһ˵
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˵ģʮһԷȻ˺ƤҲ͸˵ֻȴתһԿȥʱ򣬳Ϲգһ۾
СǾںأϾˣϹ꿴ʮһİʾ֮󣬲ɫض˵һ䣡
󣬵ȵ˶֮Ϲ򣬺Ȼľվʮһ󣬶ʦͼʦȴǲûߵФʦǱߣֱʮһ˵󣬿ȥͺվһƵģ
ֻǣֳȴǶ֪ǰ˲·ʮһ͵͵ܵˣ
Ȼ˶ˣǾͼǰߣμ˶ѾˣװѯϹѯʵ
·ɣõҲعϹ˵ͷֵеļʵȷʵһļΪкöʣŻȥүүǴүүʸ
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ʮһȻҲǽˣ㲻ţºͷҲͬⰡ
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ΪЩͼ֮ǰŸոտ߲Ӧ˵ЩͼΪֻͼ֮ǰ͢ĺ´Σаڰ飬˶ʹ֯ϣǸţĹѨ֮ڣںȨȵıڻ
һģһĹѨ֮ıڻȻȫһʮһôܲȣǿȷĹѨͬһʮһģԻԥģԼϹתߣ
Ҫ˸ԼƴҲҪɱԼˣΪǸϵĻԼڶţôƴƴԼеļҵףҲûκλĿܵģ
Ҫˣôô϶ĹѨͬһأʮһ϶ܱӵĿ˵ǲɵ㿴һĹѨӢһֱӵ׶
ĹѨеıڻһȷǸĹѨΪĻûôܼĹѨУڻһһģȻͬģ
ûע⵽ʮһһľȣΪʱ˵˼ûȥʮһҲûȥ˵ֻһֱͷͣǰߣ
ʯţһ·Ӧþˣֹһ֮ͣһʯǰ棬תϹ˵
ҪôأϹװûа취ʵ
СľͺˣϴըҩˣֱըͺˣϹĻ󣬺νӣһ֣к˹ˣÿжץķС߻żߣ
ȥֱըҩըĹѨɣɱһ棡Ϲ⼸ѾžžʯըҩˣϹǰһʵ
үͷİɣⶼǾģ⼸ըҩԲᷢκΰȫģϹĻ󣬷Цһ˵
λһ°ɣñʯʲô˵ˣ˵ȥĺ±ը
˵ʮ׿ʱǱըҩļһҲˣʱʯѾʮըҩˣ󼸸˾Ҳȫ˻
˶Ѿ˵ȫ֮ˣζԱߵһӵͷʾ⣬ֻİһץŵң
飡
һҵıըžһŰŷʯ߷ǳЧֱ۸ӦҪ3DӰеıƳˬһЩ
ֻʮһȴǸоұߵĸ첲ͻȻץסˣɵд󾪣ѵ⼸ͷᶯ֣Լôôأ
˼תһŤ־һ˳ȥֻǵŤץԼ첲һֵĿԼʱʮһæУ


899 Ϲ
ֻȻӦܿ죬ҲܿˣϹϣֻûʲôѣ
Ǿ˵ĵԣʮһæջ֣Ȼʶǣһ£ȴǲ֪ô˵
ϹҲһˣСûбֵطأԼղֻΪΪըɹʯ飬ʶץס֮˵ĸ첲ȴ뵽Ȼôһ
ȵӦ֮Ϲһɿץʮһ֣ݺݵһʮһŤͷȥˣʲôûзƵģ
վǰʦЩʯ鼤ɳͿҪ䵽Լǽ׵ĵˣһ˦һ紵ֱӾǽЩʯԼɳȫ˻ȥ
ֱӽȥɣʦ˦־ʯɳ֮󣬱һǰȥǺȲƵģ
С㣬ҲȥɣЩ˾ŰɣʲôΣյĻǽȥˣҲֻǶһ˶ѣμʦѾˣҲЩļתϹ˵
ʵǲ𣿡ϹεĻװʵ
Ǻǣү˵ЦˣⲻǻҪǰ·ҪĻһ˾ͿˣϹĻεЦЦװǴȻ˵
̫ˣȻȥ֮һúõڴүүǰ˵ĺûϹЦŶ˵
Ƕлүˣֻǲ֪ûлˣǸлһװ̾Ϣһֻ˭֪仰˵һ˼ָϹûлȥĴүүˣ
ˣλҲҪȥ˰ɣҿǸЩһŵĺãҪǽȥĻʲôͲˣνžָһʮһ򣬼˵
˰ɣҿһȥĺãϹһ£˵
үͷİɣλѣЩŻܰȫģȽȥɣ˵䣬ѾִϹļϣ§Ϲȥ
ߵſڵʱλǻͷ˵ҪúõŴүλѣ
ŮޣҲ߰ɣʦѾϹȥˣתϹ˵ɫѾûжٵľˣ
ãϹûκεĻңĵͷʯȥʦ״ҲǸȥ
ֻɫ۵Фʦڽʯ֮ǰȴǻͷһʮһǣһĨЦݣڳЦʮһҲˣǹԹԵĴ߽ʯ֮ڣ
ȻǽȥǾͳ̰ɣʮһ˿⣬Ҳ֪һֱ̣ͳһֻȼ̣
ʱεδʮһẉ̂ѾǵĸˣϹҲѾȥʮˣΧʮһܵЩˣһ˿һ
ֻЩˣžһ´ͳ˸ֽ˦ذףж̵Ŀ¶׹ĿˣζѾǺˣϹӶ֪ʲô˼
ˣȽȥˣԼСĵ㣡ʮһЩ˵֮󣬸Ͳ⣬վеŵͷһ˶ʯǰߵǸһϣԹԵľȥ
˼״ոҪȴǱһӰסˣֻ²ŻӰ˫ֳȺݺᴩ
ʮһ߽ʯ֮ڣȻûоͷͨҡҡͷ첽ȥ
ֻǻû߶ԶҲǴ˸һǧ׵ӣʮһȴǷˣΪǰһֲ·ڣֲ·϶нӡ
ʮһǣֲ·϶˵ĽӡҲ˵ǷߵģҲʹţϹֿܱˣֱ𱻴ͬ·ڣ
ʮһ·ǻһ֮ǿֱܶ𱻴һͨˣվԥһ֮ʮһֱߵͨȥ
ʮһ֮ԻѡһΪ϶ϹǱͨΪߵĽӡ֮Уһ˵ĽӡԵҪ˵ĽӡСܶ࣡
ΪʲôҪѡϹͨΪһܼ򵥵ĵһŮİӴʵ̫Σˣ仹һĺϣòҲ˹Ů
ʮһô֪ĺϵģողСĴ˰Ϊʲô˵ͨòϹ꣬һƯŮΪϹʹһֺܸһμʱǿˣ
ԣʮһţͷǸܴΣոоĻɫ۵ФʦҲпܿó
ңʮһѡȥϹǱߣҲǾϹ粻ܲˣĲ²УͨڣӦǸʲôҪܵĵط֮ͨͨǰ϶пԻϵĵطȻĻκϼһĽƻôܻѡֿأ


900 
˾еʱԼòҲҪű˸ԼһòῴŶԷлᣡ
ԣʮһץס⼸̰㣬Ÿȷĸ֮Էֿ˴һַʽѡ񣬾һͨڣûʲô棬ν棬ǰĻ֮أ
֮ʮһҲǲԥ˫ȿٵŲߵʯϣȻŵıڻʮһܶͬʱҲ̽Լ֮ϵڣ
ʮһ֣Լõڣе㲻ͬˣֲͬ״ʲôĲͬ飡
ǵģ飬ڱһСӣôԼĹѨ֮ǰСӵǺƽģûһ˿ģ
ǣʮһĹѨ֮ڣСȴһӱһЩ˷ܣͺǼδƵģԵÿļˣ
ȥϸ˼ô£ʮһܲ·ٶȷŻΪѾǸоǰ治ԶĲˣ˵ĿѾǺܽˣ
ԼϢĹѨڵĴ֮ԼϢסʮһŸٴǽǰȥ
ȻȥеڽΪ֪ǰϹһһǸҲе㿴͸Ļɫ۵ФʦĻСһĻ»δȿһᱻˣ
ĵǰ˴ӵӣʮһǽϣͨڹ߲ǺѾǿԿǰˣ
ڽǶȺ͹ߵԭвûһ˷֣ǵʮѾǶһˣ
λǰҪʲô˵ҪҺ͵ֿܷܵߣҲѾ˵ķֿˣʲô˼ϹʮһֻϹһŶͷ˵
Ϲͷ˭ʱʮһԵһΪߣһǴһɫһǴһɫʦͼʦ
ʵƷ۷壬Ѿаֻ̤Ʒʦ֮ϼһʮһûкǷϣȻܻе鷳ǣȴԲṹκεв
ң֮ǰּʮһһ飬ǱФʦʦͼʦ֮䣬Ҳûκμ϶ģ
룬ĿǰʦͼʦĹϵҪһ㣬ӦǺɫ۵ФʦߵøһЩ
֮䣬ֻҪûһ϶ģǾ;Իʹѣ޷ǾһԴ򶯶ԷʹԷԸһ˲ìܵ㹻ѣ
ʲôʲôϽʯڵһѪҪԶ֣ʦǰһϹ˵
ԵҴүү𣿡ϹֵķǵΪͻȻҪŪеʣ֪ϼһ϶֪һЩģ
үүǸЦ¡ʦЦһֻ⻰˵һ룬ͱʦˣ
Ҫ˵СѾͷĻ
ѾͷѪȻҾֱԼˣʦһʦ˵ĻŭˣԼô꣬ȴǲһͱһСѾͷˣҲ̫ˣ
ãϹ곤һ֮ӹԷݹذףҧԼָȥ
δ𣡡
һˮεϵԭϹָذ׵ĻһѪǰʯԱߵʯڣ
һֻͨСȴֱҪǳһЩϹѪνȥ֮ǵѪȴ˲ʯɢˣ
һѪɢһѪ֮ʯɢ˳Ѿĵ˾ֻʮλõʮһŵ˿еǹѪ֮
¡¡
ѪɢڼǰʯϣȻʼ˱仯
ԭֻһͺͺʯţûκεͼ߻ƣЩɢʯǰѪȻȫʯŸˣʯϾȻʼһ˿˿Ļû
ʯžͺһ汻ʯˮƵģʼһȥʦͼʦһĻȴ˿þȣǱֵ쳣˷ܣ
Ǵһʯˣ˵Ȼģʦֵе˫۵ɵĺܴ˫ִţҪǰȥʯţֺƻʯһһ㣬ͼƵģ
ʦȣҲòȥе˵ʲôϵ˷֮ɫҲǷǳŨʱǣһӣ񫷢һ̬֮
ȵʯϵͼֹͣ˱õʱһѪɫèͷʯϣֻèͷʱѪڣڵȴԼУΪ䱥֮Ƶģ


901 
ǣ
ʱʦץסֻʯ룬תȦžһؿ
ʮһǿȸèͷʯţʾ״èλã·˿
ߣȥʦһץסһԵϹĸ첲ֱӾǽƽʯ֮ڣʦҲǽ˽ȥȻѾ˺ˣҲûбҪȥαĶϹˣ
ʮһ״Ҳǽĵĸȥֻڽʯ֮ǰפʯǰʯſ˼ۣ֪ΪΣܾʯͻȻֵèͷûôļ򵥣
ҡҡͷûڼоʯŵ飬ţʵĴʦҲˣٵһᣬ˵ҪôʰϹأ
ʯ֮󣬿ǰ⻷µĽݣʮһסˣô氡Ȼڵ»ôһµĽݣȣҪôҪж
ȻֽʦʮһҲͲϢˣһûڳʱѾλʦ

ʮһһ̧һȭͷʦĺ˹ȥʱһɰɵ˳ֱۣӿȭͷǾȭͷһʦĺϣ
飡
ʦδȷӦôأֻоһɳĺϣһǰˤ˳ȥ̨Ϲ˺Զͣ
ʦȴڵһ֮󣬾ȫûκζֻڻʱĴÿһ죬Է϶һѪӣžһѪ
ʮһȴǲͣȥ֣ȭƣ˳һֱץסŮһǽԼ
ʮһҪʲôʦֱʱǷӦһȥ˺Զʮһһľ룬ȫ䱸Ķʮһʵ
ʦֱӱʮһһȭˣʦûʲôȥʮһƴ֮ģȻʦϵҲûеΪȥͱƴĵز
ο֪Լʵʦ࣬ʮһһȭʦҲԴԣŲɵǺǵĳȥʮһƴأ
Ϊǲƴ֪·Ҫȥ
ҲʶҰǲ֪뼾ǷҲʶأʮһ䱸ԼļʦЦһʵ
мˮ˻᲻ʶʮһڼǸƥܲʶҵĶ壡ʦ䳰ȷ˵һʮһ˵ʱȴǱҧгݵģ
û뵽Ƕô˰ĿôôԹأʮһЦĿŶļʦҲе𾪣ֻΪԷʶ죬ڵһռʱѾ²ˣ
ֻΪôҲû뵽ͷȻǼƥֶӣ˴֮俴ȥǲ̫
ȻɣһᣬǲȥǱ߾ǵҲ򲻿ĴţʮһͻȻôһ仰һץϹĸ첲һʯϣ
ô֪ʦʮһĻ¶һĨ𾪣𾪣Ϊʮһ˵һܣ
һ֮󣬼ʦֱ˽µʯϣһ˫Ķʮһ
ʦĻʮһȴЦһ£˵ʦҽܰɣȻ˵˵ͼ֮ĶԹҲҿ԰أ
ʮһвϿôƽǺȻģղô˵ֻΪҪ̽һԼеĲǷȷȴû뵽汻ԼˣϹıһԿˣ
ҲԼǰ㣬Ϲܵʱ򣬻ҪһſԣֻҪľͲֻһѪôˣпܾܵˣ
ûʲô˵ģҽм磬ʮǰɱ޶ҪɱҵʱȴǱ˳һ·ײײӵ֮أʦҲǼɣЦһЩ޺޵˵
ڶˣ仰ʮһʵģʮһһϹʵģҲдһʣֻΪ⼾ɳ̫ˣôôͼ࣡
ǺǣϷչ֮꣬ǲǿѾа˾ʮˣϹĻ󣬱֪ԷôˣԳʽ˵ⶼҪݼƥͣ
˵ܰңʲô˼شϹĻ󣬼ǽĿ⿴ʮһ
ѵ㲻ع𣿲ؼҵ峤λ𣿲ɱ˼챨𣿡ʮһɵʻһ⣡


902 Ұҧ⣿
˵԰ңʹĺʵΪܴù𣿡ʮһĻɵüʮһмʵ
Ǻǣҵ飬οȻ֪ңӦҲ֪ԸȻɱ˳֣ʮһЦһ˵
˵һǰ»кܶһǰλðɣֻҪһǰŻкܶ˳ֹİɣɼʵ˵ѺܾûлصˣҲһϢûеģ
˵ûʲô壡ʮһװأҲֻװˣΪЩ鲻ܹʲô˵ģлźܶǣ
ܴųȥ˵ɣФɽûôöԸģüʮһһ֮󣬲ûֱӻشòã˵ôһ䣡
ǺǣȻˣǾ߰ɣҲ뿴µҪʲôʮһ˵վֻȴһûվȥ
ҸʲôʮһƵĿԵϹꡣ
ץҲŵĺ𣿶Ҳ֪ͻȻվˣϹﰡûô޳ܵˣһֱץԼƫƫ˵Լץңһʼץڸ첲ϵģⲻ֪ģͱԼˣ
𣿡ʮһüһ䣬һôûӡӣվһֱӾǽϹק˵Ǿ߰ɣ
㲻ǰɿ𣿡Ϲ˵
ʯôͣһˤȥô죿ô˵ҲʶȻ㲻ʣǸǲܲ尡ʮһͷҲصĻش
һ·ģʯߣʼʮһһȫ룬ֻһһ㣬Ϲ궼Ϊʯǲûоͷʱߵײ㣡
ͣµʱϹҲһʼʮһåһ˿мΪ;ôΣΪˤȥʮһʱһ£
ŽվŵԼ谵ĻϹеֵĴһ£ֻԽԽǿֻţ󿴹һȦ֮Ѿˣ
ôһԲεģûŵķտռ䰡Ϲʵ
Ƿտռ䣡ʮһĻһ䣡
ǣָ֪ľʱʯѵҪȥɣһģϹΪʮһָĲǷտռ䣬ǿе©
ʮһһβûлشϹ⣬תͷɣʵһҪʲô
һѪ֪ʮһдһʣʮһո£𰸱Ѿѿڶˣֻȴֲһ㣬ҪϵѪָϵѪˣ
ϣôҧһɵĻشϹ겻ˣ鲻ҧǵˣȴǿǼɻʮһȫڶ
ֻϹҵѪſԿأɼϹȴһɵý͵
ôֻϹҵѪſأָͷѪ𣿸ղŲ𣿡ϹԼ˵ָ˵
ʮһɱˣǷѩģҪңϹ˵֮תͷʮһ
㵱ô˵ģҪѩлȥ𣿡ʮһǲˬ˵
ϽŪѪ˷ʱ䣡ܵܿܶѾȥˣʮһ˵
ҺΣϹԭҲֻΪеۣڼȲѵĿԣԼܵܿѾȥˣѾǾνˣһʮһקӣͺǲˬ˵
û£ҿԴ㣬ҧ⣡ʮһνЦһ£Ϲǰ˫ץסϹļͷǰȥ
һߵļȴе㿴ˣڵ˶ô𣿲˵ڵûôŵôе봫˵еĲһ
ʮһҪȥʱϹҲǷӳ˹þȫʮһƵһߣĺ
㼤ʲôû˵Ҫİ㣬˵ˣ⸱ףһ²ȥأʮһǲм˵Ҫǰ˺ȥݣǻǿԿһµģ
Ҫĳå˵ʲô㻹ңһأϹѾǳ׵ʧȥ侲ˣҪǸղʱӦǲͳ˴Ȼ˵Լ⸱
뵽ϹͻȻס˷ŭһ˫ӿʮһʵղŵĻʲô˼ʲôмݣ
˭ҧͻʧЧǰɣʮһװǲмӣ˵ĻȴʹϹͼȫסˣ


903 ʿ
ôûʮһ⣬żɸ͵ʱȴǵȵ˼ôһ仰еģ
ûΪвҪһ֪֮пܳƷʮһ˭ǲҪĳ̶һ˿ԱȵģϴǵĽѵ
ʲôʱ򿴳ģϹ꺮ʵ
ʲôʱ򿴳ʲôͬ𣿿ɣٵһᣬܵҪˣʮһͷӣǸ𣿸úѱϳƵģҪĻҲʹҪȻ峾ʱĶö࣡
ʮһϹ죬ȴûҧȥ֪⻹Ϊ۰̾һһָһָϹ°ϣ˵ҧɣôˣ
أϹ겻ŵĿʮһʮһ΢Цŵ˵ͷ֮Ϲ۾ҧȥǹɺݾʮһǸоͷеֻۣϹĿ˿˿ѪϹ
ӡѪ֮ʮһæкһѾɵ˵ļɣȻԼҲһַֻϹ꣬һֻֽӡϼɣ
ʮһк֮󣬼Ҳ˷ʱ䣬˫ֿٵıȻʮһһ˽վĵط
µһ̣һɴ۵Ĺɫɢ˳ɫâɢվ֮ϣȻٴθֳһͼ
ȵͼȶʱʮһͼʱһЩ𾪣ΪͼȻһֻѪɫèͷͬѪڣ
֮ǰǸвͬǣֻèͷϵ۾ɢɺɺĿֲâʹèͷȥӵĹ죡
ʮһƭӣʱʮһĶͻȻһſǻ
ʮһתͷȥһӴסˣֻǰһ޵滨꣬ӣСл˿˿Ѫһ˫۾ί˵һ㣬µٶǱίȾˣǰɢż˿Ů
һ̣ǰŮȥôôʮһû뵽һ˵ֻǻһͿԲôʱ仯
⸱òãҪأʮһȴûϹΪʱϹ֮ǰȣȫǻһ˵Ľ࣬ʮһģûϹ⸱òģǼˣҲǸ̽һˣ
Ҫܣ㲻˵۵𣿡ϹʮһĻ󣬽˵һ䣬ȫûκε
һʮһЦˣ˫ּæٵĽӡһϹĶͷϣʱһ˶ԷĴУһӣϹСУûжѪˣ
ˣһ¾Ϳˣʮһ˵䣬תϹ꣬ǿϵè죬ΪողǸʯŵĻһҲһǻèֿģ
ʮһ뵽ģҲȻ뵽ˣʮһһ֮˼
ʮһϹ꣬ȴǺߵڵʮһǸ㲻һղɱʦԼʱ˧ģΪʲôһգ۵ʱ䣬Ϳô޳ܵģƭԼ˵ۣȻȴǺʹ
Ȼ˸Լ˿κˣȻԼ˵һѪûˣںŪС
ԣ˿̿ǰʮһıӰϹҪץԷ˿Էţһ¶Էĳʲôӵĳ嶯
ǣ
ʱʮһȴǲ֪СںԼ춯Ҹܵ˽µ֮ʶһ죬˶
ôһʶĶȴʹϹʮһĺһʧˣСȥãܵܣûй˱ĸоҲΪԼҪ˵ı
һ̣Ϲ֪ˣԼΪʲôϲˣȻ˺ܻģȴǺ֪ˣǶʱʱ̶̿վŮ˵ǰסеΣգȻȥûʲô˵ģ
ǣֽҸ氮֮˶ٵһѾǺܿɹˣ
ʮһȻ֪ԼΪıŮһʶĶʹŮˣԼ뷨һӷôı仯Ҫ֪Ļͻװĵˣ
߰ɣȥɣɼǰֵͨʮһ˵
ȥ֮ǰһ⣡ʮһȴûֱȥס˶ԷżɣʵҪʲô
һţҪǽܶһѪſԣʮһĻػشţǲһ䣬ֻڽ빬֮ҪȡĶĻҪǽ˵


904 Ĺ
Ȼǰ㣬ǲҪѯһĻͲأʮһ˵ͷżʵ
ðɣǲóʵǲܹ˳ˣʮһ⼾ɺΪѵӣ̾˿׼ֱȥֻȴͻȻϹ꣬תͷɷ˵ľϹ֣ҲܶԷǷͬ⣬ֱȥ
ϹҲֻԵһ£ƾʮһץˣ˼˵ĻҪɱܵƵģ
ɼ״ҲǸȥһתµ·ֻתʯȣֱжʮ̨׶ѣ
ʮ̨֮ʮһͻȻعͷϹͼ˵𣿡
㣬ôģɿǰͻȻӵʮһŵ˵еˣ
ϹȴʶľҪ̧߹ȥΪǰֵʮһȻǱʦϴŵ·ҲǱ˰ɫĵۣ
СŮޣҪôʮһһӾץסϹ߹ȣЦе˵
ǵķӦӦǺˣʮһĵ˵ͷɿϹ꣬ȥһ᲻¶
±֮󣬿ǰֵĽɫţԼǽɫľ޴ݣʮһҲסˣôôڵ½ôһ󹬵ģѵ˵⹬ϱȫǿյģֻӵĻ
ò˵˵ǻǶôţʮһжģȻȥ˼ôĵ⣡
ܾ𣿡ʱһȴ߹ˣκФʦФɽϹ磬ֻϹɫȥе㲻ãҰ׵һʰ
ʵ⵹ҲûϹôˣʮһֹѪϹǻѪǣѾжϳˣ
ҲǲŸոյѣɿ˵ĵ󣬻һεĻ
ûʲôɣФɽĿɨʮһˣϹϣһüͷʵ
ܳʲô£ֻС椵㣡ʦʮһФɽĻ֮Ц˵ͬʱֺḡĹһϹСӣ
ߣϹ۾һ֮һŤͷʮһĴ֣Ѿʮһ޳ܣȻûռԼˣ
ɽӣ⻹̲ס𣿹ȴڿʮһľٶ֮ȴЦ
εĻ֮ʮһҲ֪Լ²ˣ֮ǰʱͷʦʱʱ͵һϹĴ֮ģ;ϻ϶Ǹåֻһȴе㵰ʹ
ɽӣʲô֣ǵùŻУɽıǽɽţҿԼɵһﲻԣ
⸱Ҽģ̲סֻǿϧˣҪˣʮһҡͷ̾ģȥʹϧӣ
ˣɱ֮ǰˬһ£ɽӵԣФɽҲǺʮһɵɽ⸱ӣҲЩε˵
̫ˣǿȥɣʮһɵɽӣװǿģѾЩȲӣߴżˣ
ǷſҴ㣬ȻҾҲŹǵģϹ˵ĶԻ֮󣬷ǳŭĴ
ϹүҲҪ˵κſЦţǰһϹ磬ѾΪʧѪ࣬Щ壬һֱˤ˽ɫǰ棡
СܣϹϹ֮󣬽һ󣬾ҪȥȴǸܶûͱɽӵʮһסˣ
С椣㼱ʲôҲһ㣬Ѫţʮһ˵óһذףϹָǻһ£ȻϹѪ˻ƽ棬ұߵĿۻϣ
μʮһĶ֮ҲǰһץſڵϹ磬һȥֱӴϹĺϣϹһѪ˳ȥɺ϶˽ɫŵߵĿۻϣ
Ϲ⸱ҵӣʮһϹȴǽĲˣ
䣡
ʱϹڽɫſۻϵѪ͸֮󣬽ɫŶʱѿͺֱӱþײƵģ
˿ʮһȴϹȥҲץϹͷһȥ
ݣ
ڼ˿ʱѵĽɫŴһĻĻֵĺͻأȻƾճֵģĻ滹ɢһ˿˿Ѫɫƣ
ǳ˰ֻԽĻĽ빬ˣεһЩ˷ܣֻΣФɽͼҲ˫֮˸˷ܵĹâ


905 ®ɽĿ
֢״ʮһҲװ˷ܣܿĵӣȻĻпܻᱻФɽη쳣ģ
գ֮䣬ĻϵѪɫһ֮󣬾ֻûһֻѪɫèͷèͬǴţһ˫ɺɺâèۣҲͬڶˣ
ФɽڵˣɼǰһĻ֮󣬶Фɽ˵
ãФɽɵĻĵ˵ͷһǰվѪɫèͷǰ棬˫ֿٵı任ţһӡ
ֻӡǴǰĹĻϣǴԼϣӡԼϵͬʱФɽȴǷ˾޴ı仯
ֻФɽ¶ϣȻǳ˺ܳëʱϾѾǱëȫסˣ
˷ӦФɽǽֻȫǳë֣˹ĻϵֻѪâè۾ϣѾ˵ˣ˵צӿܸӵһЩˣ
棡
ФɽֻצӰè۾ϵʱ򣬿дһֻȥȴһҲ˵ĶˣЩҰ޵˻
ФɽһֺĻϵѪɫèͷȻʼһ˿˿ĻζǸоͺǵƵʱͣ˸ʱһ㣡
Ƭ̵ʱ֮󣬹ĻѪɫèͷȻѾǿʼ䵭ˣͬʱҲǿԿһѪɫâ˳ФɽֻëצӣФɽڣФɽ϶ǿʼɢѪɫĹâˣ
ФɽϹʶĵץסʮһĸ첲⵹ҲǹʵФɽʱ״һ̫ˣ
ʮһ⿴һϹ֮󣬾ǼæתͷΪϹ⸱ģһмܲסһ˫Ĵ۾˿һ۾̲סҪȥϧȥ
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ʱФɽһֻĻϵѪɫèͷһâ˸֮èͷʧˣФɽϣȴƱ޺һ㣬ϲֻкɫĹâаɫɫɫԼɫڲͣĽ˸ţ
ɫ⻷Ĳ£ФɽԵ÷ǳأʱФɽ˫ۣƺһ㣬ʮһȴǸоФɽϵƾȻڷű仯
ֱ仯ʵϵģԭФɽѾӵƷʦ֮ˣ֮ǰʵȴֻ뱻ʮһ˵ͷ࣬ǣȴҪͷƣǴƷн׽ף
ͬʱ仯ģФɽϵʣ֮ǰһֱ˵ĸоضģڣȴɢһֹϢȥһаһɭ
ֻʮһˣҲǲˣ͵͵һʮһֶԷһЩԾ֮⣬ûʲôĻ߿ֻ֮ģѵϹҵĽ
ӦˣҿԼûֱѡʮһȻǿȴФɽȻҪһ㣬οĳŶûУ
ˣҽȥɣڼӲͣתͣ˼ڲͣʲôʱФɽҲѾ˫ۣϵĳëҲٴεʧˣǲͣתĹâҲ֮ˣ
Фɽ̤˽ɫ֮ڣֱʱǿԿüڲ֮ĿɼֻɫƲӲӵĽɫԼѪɫ
ȥǺܴ󣬹ҲһǰֻҲСˣǴʱȴԵӵ
֮ڽɫͺɫμǽڣ棬ʯףǴĶҲȫǽɫģͬʱɫģǵʱФɽΣԼɣ˵Ŀȫǽض
Ϊ棬һֻŻС
ֻСʼӵȫǴ۵ѪɫѪɫģܻΰڷŰ˿СѪɫײģ
ʮһĿʱ˿̣˿ڹײоǿڣҲſλõǿѪɫײĿΪǵúʼʶ̽ʱ򣬾Ǵڹײ֮гһԼģ
ֻǣÿ˹۲ĵҲǲͬģ˵Ϲ꣬ʱעģȴܵĽɫǽϣŵһһֱʮִҹ飬ǽڣǽڸа֮࣬Ȼҹ飬ֱҲδ̫ݳ˰ɣ
ò˵еŮǸйٶϲõģϹ磬ѾϾȥעκˣץţ綼Ѿſڵˣ
ǽˣӤʬ𣿡̬ȥЩץϹǰȥлֹţõʱˣΪ֯Ϊ˾ˣ׳ǵɣ
ҲץŵϹСץȥɣʱФɽȴͻȻתЦſʮһ˵


906 һ죬ɱ
ʲôЦôҼŮôأФɽĻʮһҲǲαװһָǵԼϣ˾һ仯գ۵ʱ֮ɽӵʧˣʮһٴγˣ
Ƕϧ񰡣ֻΪ˵𣿡ФɽЦһǶʮһ˵Ļǲмһˣ
ʮһҪ𣿡ǰ棬Ѿ߳ȥʮΣĶԻ֮ҲתһĿʮһץϹ磬ҲǱ˽£
ڵϵϹ磬˵ĻҲǼѵ̧ͷǸϤӰʱϹӰһô˧ǰǼ̲סڿ༸ģֻǴʱ˿̣Ҳûʲôģ
ΪϹ֪ȣʮһҲ϶ûо԰ҲǺܺõģҲţʮһ֮ʵʱǿ϶ģ
ϾҲҪΪʮһСӵ˰
ʮһûȥεĻŤͷФɽЦ˵Ƿ˵ҵ飬Ϊ赲һֻèѣ
ʮһ仰˵úᣬҲţſʹڳȫסˣֻЩסˣһΪʮһſһȴΪʮһд˼
ФɽֻèôأһֻèôأϹҽе뷨ȴ֪һֻèȷʵǿԱΣֻӦڣӦҪﵽƷ֮ſԵģԲƷͿԵģ
ѵ˵ФɽѾǴﵽƷ֮𣿼ɲɵе㱻Լ뷨ŵˣ
ʲôʱֵģФɽʮһĻûз񶨣һֵͬĬ˵ķʽʮһһ䣡
㷢˭ʱ򣡡ʮһĻشһ䣬ֻ˵䣬ȴһϹ굲ɲӣΪҪֵĻǰФɽԻĿǰΪֹǿĶ֣
˵оϣФɽûмǿǣ첻ԶֶԸȴҪȫԸ
ȷǸţҲܴȴеϧˣФɽ΢΢ҡҡͷƺһЩϧֻ˵ΪϾҪˣ
Ҳδ̫˰ɣᣬһ죬ұ㲻ʮһЦһ£ſĶФɽ˵
ߣƾҲ䣿Фɽһɷ˵ľһȭ˳ȥһȭͣ˱ըԵвڳ֮ȫ˿ỳɣһȭҪǱ˵ĻԾǲҲˣ
ɱȭФɽըԵһȭʮһɫҲǱĳһ֮󣬱ӭŶԷȭͷһȭ˳ȥ
ʮһһȭФɽ͵һȭȽ϶ԣûκεƣֱƽƽ棬ȥƽƽһȭȴʹһԹۿһӵɴ˫ۣݣ
飡
һʱФɽɵϵ֮ɫŨĵˣ
ʮһȴһΣˤ˳ȥһˤԶĵط
ôˤһ¶۵ģһôʮһһѪ֮󣬺Щɻ˵
ÿʮһСֹʱȴǴһŭдһ˿һ
ʮһ֮ŤͷһۣŷԭԼˤȥʱ򣬽Ϲѹ£Լղŵȴץ˲ץλϣ
ϣʮһٺЦһ£˵һ֮վֽϹҲ
åϹݺݵİһʮһԼıʮһҵĵط
ŷãʹ屻ҵĵطһЩʮһˮϹ꣬תФɽЦģ
ܵһ˲úǳƣҲǺѹ֣λǼɣǸоҪƵģ
ҾǿԺ㿴ôѹֵ˿Ҫץ񣬽˼ʱʮһͻȻФɽ˵
Ŷ֪ҪκأФɽʮһĻƺһ㶼þȣѾ֪Ƶģֻһ䣡
޷ǾҪǶ仨ûв´ĻӤʬӦǶҪðɣʮһФɽ˵
˵ʮһ⣬ФɽûзҲûп϶ֻǵĵ˵ͷ˵
ô֪Ӷ˸ʲôôأžԲӤʬ벻ȫһӤʬʮһ¶Է̬ȵĮ¾¶Էû̬ȣֻҪ˵ˣ˵лᣡ


907 
һŻ꣡ФɽʮһĻ󣬵ԵЩˣû뵽ʮһȻԲµõ
жһǧ򣡡ФɽĻ֮󣬲Ļ
ǺǣƾҲǮʮһЦһۿΣ̬˲м
Ҳͽô˵ϷԸϻѾǹˣФɽȴͻȻӹʮһĻȵΪԽӵһȭʸ̸
Ŷ˼ҪҷָʤˣʮһФɽ˵
ٽӵһ˵ɣФɽҲǷǳĸɴ䣬δ䣬ѾһʮһһֱӾǷʮһ·ҾҲʮһ˵ĻᣬΪֻҪҶܣһϹ꣡
ǧ꣬ڰ޳ɱʮһԷһƣҲû뵽ȻбԼ޳ܵģȻô˵־Ͷ֣һ㶼һӳʱ䣬дФɽͬʱϵĶҲ˿
˫ֿٵı任ţһһӡڶԷһƿҪʱӡҲǴ˳ȥʱһֱɱ⣬ֱӾǴʮһĵﾭ˫ӡ籡
ɱɢ˾ǿһһĻɫФɽƮȥֻ˵Ʈ˵ɱȥΪٶȺܿ죬쵽գ۵ʱ䣬ѾФɽǰ
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ɫûܵκ谭ƵģֱӾФɽڣһ˵ϵФɽ˫۵ɵĴģӶҪͻˣ۾Ƶģ
ۣ
˾ǿФɽһһѪ˳һήȥһ̲һ㣬˽µĽɫϣ˫Ҳڴ˿̳𾪺Ͳţ
ղŻɫϮʱǲȥܻдʲôģо洫궼սĿֲ֮У
ҲΪʹ궼սĿֲУ޷ȥһ£ʱһҲѾǴȥʮһˣҪѾˣ
ɱڵʱФɽǸоԼľƶһƻˣԼĻǾͺǣèһ㣬ŵù˵ǷˣǶܣǺһ㣡
ԣһ̣Żƺ޷Ӧһ㣬ֱӱɱ壬Ȼһ̲һڵأ
ֻǵʮһ״ʱФɽҲһЩοģ
ʱʮһҲȷʵûбФɽõȥ֮ǰФɽһƣʵʵȫϣƷʦֵ֮һƣԲģ
ʮһȴѡӲӲȥһƣƾһƴԼϣʹöԷȫ޷ԼһУ
ʮһҲţԷӲӲ֮£ԼԿռϷ磬ʵҲȷʵˣڶԷһƴԼϣǹɿ񱩵ڵʱԼڵĴ˴룡
ֻȴȻѪǰҲѾǱѪȾ죬ȥФɽ˵ᣡ
ŰĿʮһæ˫һӡԼϣǧ꣬ڰ޳
ʮһ£ɢǹɻɫɱȻʧˣʧĺͻأ·ֹƵģ
ʮһĺһԼڵǧת˰ɫģͷˣԼ⣬ڼǧĻӣžͲˣ
û°ɣϹʱҲǲŷӦС鲽ʮһԣʮһѯʵ
ôرĿ̶֮أʮһװ̾һԷϹ˵
Һ㣬㾹Ȼ˵̱ˣϹ꼴𱸲ڵòͽεεʮһУҲǱԼ
ʲô˵㿴ûµ𣿡ʮһ·֪жΣƵģȻϹ
ú˵ˣ㻹ûʲô£ϹԾɿʮһʮһˣǿˣʮһһʮĻĴֻܲҪŮ߳˵ûûˣ
û԰ʮһСһ֮󣬸ڵѾǧ޸˲ˣǱʹ׼վȰϹܴߣϾﲢʲôȫĵط˿ѪɫĹײģмϵǿѪɫӤʬĶ͸һɹĸо
֮ǰФɽҪʰһ£ҪȻĻǺûӣ
ǿ̸̸ˣФɽʮһȻôվɵк𾪣ЦеĶʮһ˵


908 Ƶ
ŶҾǻڴһ֮оôһЩʮһФɽ⸱ӣ˵˰һΪԼȫռλã
һǣͨղФɽⲻ˺ƴ۵һӲӲʮһҵһƷʦֽսķǾӲƴԼӵĪĹԼǧ
ʱԼȫ߱ҪнҪзأôĻԵȫû˰
˵ЦˣһûбҪٽҿ̸̸ôɣФɽʮһĻ֮󣬵ŵ֣ʲôЦڵ״ûа취ʮһڿһˣ
ߣһ˵ɣʮһȴһһ˳ȥʮһĳһƵʱſڴȴһӰ֮ǰʮһֿ
ۣ𣿡Фɽʮһһƴˤȥʱ̲סĽ˫ȣǵܵʮһԣ
л飡ˤȥһ׶ԶФɽǿվ̬쳣ϿҵĶʮһ˵
Ҳʮһ֮⣬ֻ֪ˣڸոʮһһУʹԼ߹Ǳһ֮⣬һ޸֮ʮһڵֻȴǹɿŰģºģ
Ҳ˵ʮһǴһ֮󣬾͸һԣǽˣǷһ߹ǵͬʱȹһ˿֮ǰѹס
ò˵ʮһֶ̫ˣڸФɽٸˣֶΣҪɱ׾٣Ǹڲɱ㣬Ҫչ鼺ãԼŰɣ
ȻԼһƷʦе㶪ˣǶԷ¸߰ԼȻƷʵǳԿԼоûãǶҲ׵ľó
ԣФɽҪʮһ̸һ£û׼һһõĺأҪʵڲеĻԷƴҲü
ʮһʦƫƫԲУ֪ʲôʱʲôξˣǾФɽվʮһ˵һ˲䣬δһץŵϹ磬ʮһ˹
飡Фɽ״ҲǼæһֻȴҲֻüһΪһξǱ߷˳ȥ
ȴֻԭڣ·ҪƵΣŸոܵʮһߣȭͷδأǱʮһƮƮģƺһ˶ϣ˾һڵһ㣬ˤ˳ȥ˦ȥʱôľ
һҲҸСүǲ֪жߣж񰡣ʮһһ߷֮󣬺ǲмһڣҪжţ
ҰǸСʮһָһǱſڵϿԼϹ磬Ե˵
ʮһķԸ֮ߵϹǰĲϹ磬ߵ˼˵ԣʮһȴóŷһžһ˦ϹϣһȴǵݸΪע⵽ĸ첲Ҳˣ
໣
ʱһǺȴǴŵϹԼȫǼæתͷȥʮһȴûֻζĿФɽ
ͣФɽһǽʱ򣬾ѾǲˣڿʮһζЦݣ֪ܲʲô˼ʮһ˼˵ҪǲܵĻҿɾ͹ˣ
ʮһҪǹܵĻôܣǲ붼֪϶ǷַɱԣФɽٺһ֮󣬾һ˸Ҫ仯ԣһƴ˶ԷĲϣιȥ
ФɽѾ壬صʮһ˵ԣεЦһ£ŤͷɣԴʮһֵڣ⼾ɾȻһ仰û˵δҲе̫ˣ
Ǻǣңָ֣ССƷͺˣҲѾˣɼФɽڿԼʮһҲͻȻתͷԼһӾˣԼ̬ʱˣֱӾվʮһһ㣬Ц˵
ĲˣҪ˵ôǲǾͲˣԺҺȾƣФɽҲǷǳģɵĻҲ˹ѾͶ˰
ȴ֪ǣҲܵһ̣ų¶Ҫʮһģ
ǣʮһֻ֪ʮһɵĻתͷ¶һζЦݣ֪ʮһڳЦԼأԼҪҸһˣ


909 ֮
Ǻǣоһº˰ɣʮһͷʱΪֹѾǾԼˣֻҪԼһֱסǵʵʱóô;ǻᷴˮǿʼͷ˵
ãǾ̸һ°ɣФɽʮһĻ֮󣬵˵ͷʾͬȻأʮһҪϹܣҪƳӤʬΧĽ磬ֻ׼˵
Ǽ˳˵Σʮһ˵ֻͻȻһתſڣҲ֮ǰһ׽ʶǸѪɫײģ
ʮһͻȻһĻɺФɽȫסˣǻδӦʮһǾ仰е˼أǱʮһͻȻĶĪģ
ôֻФɽҲǲˣüͷ쳣˵
ɣҽϹܺѽ㣬Ͻ뿪ʮһͷҲصĶļ˵ɫѾطǳˣ
ҰͽҲȥллˣФɽҲͬɫǳص˵пܻ뿪ҲʮһˣھߵĻѾǲܵˣΪصĴѾǸˣҪʱ䣡
Ҳæģڼڱһ£ʮһ֪Ͷˣ
ڣ˵ˣҺܷ뿪Ǹ⣬뿪ФɽɵĻҡҡͷ˵ҲûгЦ˼ֻڳһʵֻڱ˶գȴǶһ㳰ζ
ȷʵܹȫĽ˶ȥôȥ֮֮ǰӦʽЧˣһصڵʱǿԸһһᾡܰ㱨𣡡ʮһҲڴʱӹФɽĻż˵
ԭһ㲻Ըʮһ仰֮ȴ֣صĵ˵ͷ˵ıɣ
ʱҲǱФɽŪˣµ˵һ飬Эżɣ༸˰ȫͳȥ
ʮһһҪŻһҽأϹʱҲѾǿԼվ·ˣʮһ˵
ĸ򣿹߰ɣʮһ˸ЦЦ˵ҪûȥĻֱӻ
ûл𣿡ʮһ׼תǿеʱȴǴһ˵
û˰ʮһ˵֮ˣɵһ£תϹ꣬ԥһ˵Ůʱȱ𣿡
ߣҺʮһ˵仰Ϲʮһһۣתļ˵
ɺϹϹĻεȥ⣬Ϲ磬ĸоԼҲҪʧȥˣ
Ҫ˵ʲôҪұװɣ̫˧˾ǷգʮһüͷϹ꣬Ц˵
Ǹ㲻ôå޳ܵĻĴܲôôŮϲģϹ˵һ䣬˵Ƕʮһ˵ģСԼ
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ҲҪǼҵ洫֮Ե޹Ҹգʮһö壬һ£ҡҡͷ˵
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ԭ㣬ʮһ׼ģֻȴû뵽еһ룬ǾԭƻУ֮ûϹģֻȴˣͻΣգпȫ
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㰡㣬ϹС椣ûһʡĵģʮһϹ⸱ӣҡҡͷߵļɻ֣ʾǿˣ
һ㶼ţ°ʱǵȴٶˣ
ٸСүЩûõģڻŻ˭أʮһȻô˵ţߵϹǰ棬ФɽҲ˹˲翴ǰӤʬ


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ʱŻӤʬȴǽоתˣڼ⻨оһ˲䣬ʮһæתֵסϹ۾
ʮһʶľٶϹһǳõӡⲻ֪ܶʱһ˸жӡ̣øмģʱ̶Ϊϸڣνϸھɰܣ
ʮһ֮ҪסϹ˫ۣΪŻӤʬĻоǲһ㣬ѾòһˣӦˣ
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ôأΪʲôһأФɽȴڿӤʬ֮ЩԾǲԸŵӣ
ǱƭˣڻûзӦ𣿡ʮһ˵飬ǳȥ֮ϸ˵ɣ
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ƭӣʲô£͸ϽʹФɽƺñƭˣЩӤʬڵӤĺ
ߣǾñʵĻ棡Ӥʬٴβм˵һ֮ǲ˵ˣֻǲ˵ˣȴǿʼ֮ͣ
֮ܵʮһҲɿϹ˫ۣӻһȡʮŷžȫϹϣ콫ϹһˣϹҲǲֻôŸС죬ʮһ
֮أз֮ʮһǲģ˫䶯һӡϹ긽ĵϣھһȣʱϹȫǵķ֮⣬һɢ׺ԲιպýУ
ˣվ𶯣ֻҪ㲻û£һжŪ֮ʮһĵ˵ͷʱϳɷֻҪƷʦ֮ĸ֣˵ҲƵĿô׵ģʱԼҲкܶķӦʱ䣡
ǣǣǣ
ʱת֮ҲԽƵԽļˣ
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ǣʱ˿̣ʮһȴǷǳľȣ
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Ҳ˵ͻȻʮͷȫǽɫĴ󺺣ֻФɽʮһǿԺԵĲʮ״󺺣ȫǻˣ˵ȫӣ
ֻⲢʮһôȵģ˾ȵģʮ˵ʵȻ͸ǣҲΪ͸Ż˳Ծ
ô͸ʮ˵ʵФɽҲǱʾɻʮһѯʵ
Ҳ͸־֪ˣʮһФɽĻҲҡҡͷ˵һɴĻȳ˳ȥ
ΪʮһҪȹΪʮ״ѾǳˣʮˣͺսϵʿƵģÿһǺ룬ʹù֮ڣǵ߶֮
һ⼸һ֣ʮһȥ֮һ仰ʹҲҪųȥФɽͣס˽Ų󵭵ԥһ£ǺһվϹĲǰȿԱϹֲ꣬赲Ϲʮһ
ʮһҲǽŲ磬嵽ǰһǰ̧־һȭ˳ȥǼǸԼĹ⣬ۼıɱȭ
飡
һ촫ФɽǰֵһӶеɵˣʮһһȭ̹ģ˵ûдԼǸӡǿᣬҲ˭Խӵİ
ǣôһȭڽϣȴûһ˺ˣ
ǣҪ˵𾪣ФɽǲʮһĸΪֱӽӴ˵ǸԺĸܵԼһȭڶԷϵʱһɾ޴ķ֮ӽ˵͵ĵ
ҲΪɾ޴ķ֮ʮһڽϵһȭŻûвκεãֱӾͱʧΣ
ʮһҲΪɾ޴ķ֮ɿƮ˳ȥȵµʱѾ˵˾ʮ׿ĵطˣ
䣡
ʱһ죬ʮ뻮һһ
ǽĲʱһǿѹʮһʹʮһоһٷһ̣һѪһ˳ʱɫ䣡
ɽͼ


911 ɧ
ʮһۿŶЩҪ˫֮Ҳһ˿ϣ˫ɽͼٻ˳
ɽͼֵһ˲䣬ʮһо洫ǹѹɢ˺ܶ࣬Ҳǲɵһ
ʮһФɽڿʮһԺɽͼʱȴ˶סˣ־磬˻ֲ֪ɽͼģ
ܻˣɽͼʲô˵ģҸʦĻҲǶʵǾ֪ˣ
Ϊʲôô˵أΪڷˮ֮УɽͼǾϵķһҪɼĳ֣ʱ£ѰҵһȻ֮еÿһأȻԼһѪܹģ
ɽͼвӵ֮˵ȫѪӵ֮еˣɽľ޷ݣ
ֻǣɽͼ֮⣬һָ߼ɽͼڣǽڴ˵֮вŻеģû˼û˵˭ӵй
ɽͼҲͿֻӵ֮ˣʵﵽһʱ򣬲Ż֪
ǣһ֣ɽͼڷˮ磬ѧ磬һָ
ԣټʮһӵɽͼʱФɽŻô𾪣ӵ֮˵ģһӵдԵ֮ˣ
һ̣ФɽͻȻãܴ뿪ĻԼʮһҲʲô£
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ʮһ֪ʱФɽʲô뷨ֻ֪ǲʰЩһԼ˭Ҳ벻
ʮһĻ䣬һõĴɽǳʮ˵Ͽգʮһ־ĳõĴɽһʮȥ
䣡
ôɽͽײһʱ򣬷һ죬ǿõĴɽ˸ײˣ
ֻǣôɽײѿʱʮ֮УȻҲһҵȥһֻ첲
ȡЧˣϹֹһ䣡
ֻ仰䵽ФɽʮһĶУʮһһһӵڵϣԼôǿһУȻֻʹһˣһֻ첲δҲе̫˵ȥ˰ɣ
ǣô˵ҲǼЧ˰ȻЧ΢С΢
ϣһ˰˸ҪٶȽЩһʮһкФɽһԼӭұߵ˸˳˳ȥߵǸˣФɽȥԸˣ
ФɽʮһĻ֮Ҳ˿ûԥ˫һӾǳ˳ȥֻڳȥ֮ǰФɽȴǿٵԼ£еͺһ棡
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˸˸ܵѹһβûһǰ޶ԣǽŵĳìһ٣ʱֻɫìֱӾǴ̽Ϸѹˮ֮У
䣡
һĻʮһ˫֮һ˿һ˫־ӡһ䣬Щɫìеĺˮ֮ʮһӡı仯ȫۼһȻѹȥ˲Ϣ֮䣬·İֻһҵ÷飡
׵׵ķ飬˵ǣѾ˷ĩˣֱӾǱɽͼûĺˮ֮ɢĻΪһƬ촷ˣ
ͬʱ䣬ФɽǱҲһƣŶӦ˵һצӾһ˵ԴϣʱӲץ˺ۣץָ۵ĵطҲ˽ӲӵҺ壡
ʮһФɽȫһ£û뵽ˣȻﵽⶼǽɫģԭǵ֪УҲֻǽɫģȴǿˣȻѪҺǽɫģţķ𰡣
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ʹ鼵ʣʮһ˫ϵĶȴһҲ˵ӵĿˣһӡһɼӲɽ֮Ȼ£žһƬӭͷ£
ʮһǰѶФɽļʣȫйǰʣ߸ˣʮһȡĴʩǣͣɽͼ֮еºңԼ񣬻ظٶҲ죡
ò˵ʮһķȻ˵ȥܴƣƾƣФɽĶ棬ʱļȥҲǿ϶Կģ


912 Ϊ
ѩһȻкܶȱ㣬Ҳŵ㣬ʱ̰Ů˻µʱҲǺ˧ģˣϹ꣬ȴǿʮһӰɵֹһ䣡
ʮһԶФɽʮһǱߵķҲһȻҲ̫ƴ˰ɣȫǲ˼᲻Ĵ򷨰ѵͲһ
˵Ǻ֮ܵ˸ȾģФɽ˵ϸ˵һˣͨΪҲжʱˣѾȫˣ
ԣڿʮһľٶ֮ҲǹֺһֻѾǳ˳ëצӣͻȻԼץ£

һ·˺ѵǿФɽϵĻɫۣȻǱˣһһ鲼ɢ̻Ի͵Ĵϣ
ǼФɽֻ۾һ˲ѪɫǳѪƵģҲǱ仯ģ֪ʱѾǱëǣҲѾǱһè״
ФɽȻһ̣׵ıһֻèֻֻèͨèһЩһվԣ
֮ФɽһֻҰһ㣬˽˽֮Уһ˺ҧνʽʲôֵӣ
Ϲ꣬ȴФɽ·Ƶһ˲䣬ѽһ۾͵͵Ľָ뿪һ죬Фɽһɫëͷͨ嶼ǣ
ڰ˸֮Уÿ˺ҧһˣһɫĿױҧͬʱŵģеεζĽɫѪҺ
Ҳô̫˧˰ɣҪ˵ĽడʮһҲע⵽Фɽӣɵ˵һ䣬ôһ˲䣬ʣµˣȻһ˹ǰһì̳
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ƣʮһִ֮£ջָ֣һСĴָֻݳìĽˣǰ˳ȥƾǽɫìԼϣ
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ֻʮһһ̫ͣʹýɫì뿪ʱ򣬴һѪȥ֮Զ
һĻϹŵüæ˫סԼͣԼʮһûгȥΪ֪ȥˣֻǸӵʮһúõվﲻأ
ʱʮһҲǿס壬ʹԼڵ£һ´̵Ĳûʲô󰭣ѣֻΪղһָĵ̫ˣԼڰٷ֮ʮûˣΪ⣬ʮһǾԲȥʹõģ
ʹˣʮһڵҲڿտҲˣǼæһ˫ֽӡٶȵһɽ֮ΪʣµĸѾǰһˣ
һӡĳ֮ʮһ͸оһ֮дʮһΪԼҪιȥʱ򣬵֮ȴǴһɴ˲ԼȫԭһյľȻգۼٶȱĳӯ
ʮһԺȷضԲǧɢģΪߵϢͬҲԲǵлָģΪԼĵǻָķǳ٣Ҳô죡
ֻǣΣȥϸ˼ضǴˣûΣˣ
ǱѾеĲȱĸˣʮһ΢΢ǣһĨЦݣĨЦдһζһ̵ֽζ
ɽ֮޼᲻ݣλУ޳ʮһ˫ֿٵı任ţһһӡĳ
䣡
ÿһӡĳǰһĺ֮գۼ䣬Ѿһʮӡĳĸ˵ĸλϣҲǸԳĸָӡĸָӡȻǺһƵģֻֻ֣
ʮָӡûȥɨһµĻͻ֣ᷢʮָӡʮһƣȫǺϵģ


913 ð
ۣ
ʮӡŵĸˣʱҲ߾еĽɫìͣһһµײʮӡγɵĽ磬ֻκΣȴǸʹƣ
ѹʮһһĻҲ¶һ˿Цݣ˫ֽӡмһϣ
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ŻһƬɫĸˣϹһЩ˷ܵģΪʮһӮˣԼûע⵽ԼĵƵľٶ
һߵФɽȴǱʾЩΣ˰ʮһǱ߾ȻѾǽ˸ȫˣ
Фɽһ˫źɫâè۾ʮһһۣ㵵ͬʱŨŨĲӵĿˣֻצҿһŴèŰĵ˺ҧţ
ʮһǰĽȫԼˣҲǳĺһתͷФɽǱߺûκѹӣҲû߹ȥҪæӣתߵϹԣΪﲻͣԼأ
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Ȳһ£ֹһѪϹҲ֪Ǵץһ鲼ֱӾʮһֱۣȦȻϵһ£
ıɱôɶʮһһ۾Ϲ꣬Сٶͦϲģôôأ
һ˽ʲôʮһĻϹȴǷһۣԵÿɰˣʮһһĻŭţСҲʵ̫ˣ
ôǷۺɫģǣʮһϹĻ󣬺ǲˬʲôн飿ǻܾ𣿿ȴǿС椸ԼĲȻǷۺɫģɵúٺЦţϹ꣬˫֮һ˿
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ʮһŶϹ꣬ȴһסˣѾжãû˸Լ˵ˣ֪Լǰ飬ȴǺϤˣȥùͷԼϵõģȴǸȥ˵
ֻǽ죬ȴһŮһҼŮȻڲ֪˵Լһ䣬ԼҲһֱΪ˸ô˵ԼĻһǲ֪ΪΣǰС椣ԼȻû
ҿһϲأʮһץסϹĽ˵
𣿡ʮһѾ緢ͷһĽüͷ˵ֻǷԼ仰ʵеϻ׳ôܲʹأ
ţϹʮһʻ̧֮ͷĴ۾УˮѾ̲ס˳յʮһĵ˵ͷҪίжίҪж
ˣˣױˣʮһҲ֪ôȥοСˣԭⰲο˵£ͲǺóֻһ˵ţڵͨӿϹĽ
סҸһ¾ͺˣʮһϹ˵
ûױȴ֪Ϲȴǻͣʮһĵһ仰أֻһ۵һֱӾҧʮһϣ
Уʮһ۵ֱ۾ǿżʹһϹĽԼ֮ʮһϹĺ˵ˣһӦþ·ˣ
ϹǷŹ˽ҧţѾҧѪӡʮһļ
ʮһվһ۱ҧ˵ļһ仰ǰ̤Ϊǰ˿ڻɫĹײģѾǿʼζˣ
Ѿкþãû˵ҵˣĻǵһ
ϹʮһĻ˺þã֪ΪΣϾȻЦݣȥܿĵӣƺѾǰһӣڿһ㣡
ҡϹֻǳ֮⣬ȴûеڶõΪФɽںʣµսФɽҲ֪ʱ˵ӣ̫ܳã
ʮһǱҲѾһֻĹһȻ֪ʲôϹֻ֪һĹһһĴڡ


914 û
Ϊпʮһ˫ֱ仯ĺܿ죬쵽ĶеۻˣǣǸֻĹûʲô˵ӣ
ʱʮһҲȷʵϹǰ㣬ЩΣΪǰ׵ʵȻƷֻͨƷĻʮһҲϣ
ôģ׽뿴ŷ֣һ˵װһֻֻǳúһ˶ѣ
ֻ⵽ǸʲôⰡҪ˵ףʮһҲŰüȥŶص·ϣмģ˵ޣǸǼˣοǰͻһФɽèأ
ϻһֻģǵһμǻü
ֻȻˣʮһҲǾûа취֪ʲôĶûôԭΪҪ֪˿ѪɫĹײ֮жʲôѵҲƷʵĹѵҲȫһֻ
ֻǣʮһȴû뵽ǣһǰ㣬ôҪô죿ţҲûǸգô˸֪ʲôƷ»뿪ģֻʱʮһѾǱͷ
ңһҪã뵽ʮһɵ̧ͷһۣһӲӵڣ
֮ǰʮ˳ֵʱһֵģҿԿǣⶥڵŰ˸ɫ˩ţ˸ɫӣȴǷ˿Ѫɫײģ
ʱֻ׳ֵʱֵֻĹײĵǸɫӣȴԼžһϿˣ
ԣʮһһ²⣬ǲǵ˿ڹײ֮еĶȫʱⶥھͻˣǵĻôԼлõˣ
ΪʲôԼȥãΪʵò̫ôĸˣʮ׵ĸ߶ȣǻҲһܷô߰
ʮһֻѾֲһӵʱФɽҲǽʣµˣȴѾЩˣϾ˭ʮһָôģ
ţƿǵĻ磡ʮһФɽˣһ˦һŷФɽ
ʲô˼Фɽץ֮󣬲ѯʵ
ǱǸѾͷ뿪ʮһȴͷҲûأΪѾǿһڹײҲˣϱڵֻɫӣҲǿʼĶ²ǰ㣡
ãһǵĺأФɽû˵ʲôҲ֮ģڵ״ʮһֵֻǴˣԵ˵ͷ֮˵̬ҲѾǱˣ
˼ǣǧһźĺأ
ʮһҪǸҲѩ͡ϲŮ˻ĵģһҪϹ˫ҧʮһ󺰵
ѵ㲻𣿺ôҲǾһʮһϹĺ֮Ҳװĵӣػһ䣡
̫࣡ϹʮһЦĻһԵͣ٣ԼҲӵʱ䣬ǻһ䣬Фɽ˵Фʦ߰ɣʱˣܸܵõˣ
ûˣʮһҲԵҡͷظһ䣬һ̧ͷһŷӳôϣ
ʲôףҿȻǰ˽䣡ʮһһȻһоȵͬʱҲһЩɻ
ֻɻɻ¿һҲΪֻȻҲһƷʦ֮ļһƷ֣ݲ˿ķɣ
ͷûˣʲôƷˣģôԼô˧ˣȻֻƷȻ۾Ϲģ
ʱФɽѾ˽ǰһǰŵķ˽ϣֻĻһ⻪һƵžžһֱʧˣ
ʧ֮ϹǸФɽ뿪ˣֻ뿪֮ǰŤͷһۣǸսһӰ
ϹСİɣµģдˣԵˣպĳɾǲģФɽϹһ·ǰУ˼ʯ֮һŷϣǵݸϹһŷ˵
˭̫࣬ôðϹϵеķʵ
֮ҴֱʯͷȥФɽϹĻֻЦЦ͸Ϲ꽲ôã
ʱĴ֮ڣʮһµǲѾǷӵ˼ˣΪʱܣѾǾۼˣ֮ǰ֮⣬ȺһԼһ
һЩţʮһҲǽγһ󵨵Ĳ²⣬ֻ²⣬ʮһȴǲȥţ


915 

һСģʮһһ£Ҳ˵Ǳֻϵҧһڣ
̵ģȻҧˣ̫ôˣʮһһ֮󣬱ɱȭǴ˳ȥֱӾǺԥĴıϡ
룡
ֻʮһһȭ֮ҲǱļƮ˳ȥ֮ԶȻûһ㣬֮󣬱ٴʮһ˹
Ȼû£ʮһĴһ֮£˫ֿٵĽӡɽͼٻ˳
ΪٲгѾҪ㲻ȥˣֻҲѾǳˣһֻֻ׵ĳ֣ʮһеĲ²Ҳֵõ˽һ֤ʵ
һͲɱǣոģʮһǲˬһ䣬˫һָкȵɽ֮ѹ
һھй󣬶ͣ˫ٴα任Ҳǽٴһھˮ֮򣡡
һָֻɽ֮ˮ֮ǰףֻȴûȡʮһҪЧ
ֻһӺһ𣬹ͬſ˴죬һſѹɽˮ֮һһ֮󣬾Ȼ˲Ϣ֮ǵֵסʮһɽˮ
ոôʮһԼ˦иûκεãɵôһǲе̫˰ƷҲôţɣ
ģСүҸƴˣʮһһ䣬̧ͷһϷŵڣֻʣɫˣɵһҲ̫ˣ
ŸͬʮһǱģɱɱԼƴȫɱ±ڳʱҲԼʱˣ
֮£ֻǲͣĴӡһһɽˮ֮֮£ô˵סʱˣ
ʮһһЩԼ˵ˣҿԼԴԴϣҪǻĻ¾һʦҲԼӻɣ
תһ룬ǾԼ뷨ʵΪվԼһʦĻ»֮⼸ֻ֪ʲôĹˣ
꣡
һӶϵѪɫײ֮Ʈһףգ֮ǾۼԱߣһֿʮһɽˮ֮
ʮһŤͷһżףŸҪԼһӡ˳ȥǿٴסֻףֻʮһĳӡٶҲԽԽˣ
ʮһһƴЩףԷǳһȴʣµ׻ʲô
ʱУҲѾǳˣһߵףʮһɫȴһӳһΣڳʱѾڵ·Ҳǵڰ˿ڹײĵԱߣΪʧȥ߸ӵǣǱڰ˿ڹײŵĽӣ·
ֻǣʮһڰ˿ڹײԱ֮ȴһöͭǮ˦˳ȥվλֻ࣬ǲǳֱ߰еģǷֱͻţʸ뻷νʮһΧУ
ʮһȴǲûȥöͭǮ˫ֿٵĽһӡ˫ٴһĳʮӡ֮ǰסɱĸ˵ӡһģ
ʮӡҲһ֮ǰǰ㣬ĸλÿĸָٴγһӡɵĹĻ磡
ŽͻŸףʮһҲǽޱȵģûֱָɱЩһֻϣԵһ£ԼҲʱ
ӡƼֲ̫ʱ䣬ʮһҲ˷ʱ䣬˫ӡһ䣬һֱӾǴֱԼöͭǮϣöͭǮҲһ˲䷢һ󾫹⣡
ƲͣٴһҲöͭǮϣ֮ӦҲɢһҫ۵ľ⣡

ʮһ˫һ䣬˫ԼǰƵĻ˸ŹâͭǮȻһ˲䣬⻪һʮһ˲ʮһϣһûʧ
ž
ʱϿյһҲǶ˿ײĸǱԶ֮ǰȹײİһޣڿд˸ת֮󣬱ٴκˣ
ڹײİתʱ䣬ӹײȴûʮһʧģٴγһףȮһſһֻ죬ʮһ
ûڰϣһֻѪڣŷݣ˸ź⣬ʮһ˺ҧһ̵ʮһƣ
Źʱһ౻סףҲͬʱѵʮһʮӡצһ㣬ʮһ˹


916 Ϊ
ֻǣſȥҪһףʮһȴϾȥ˼Ҳ˵Ͳȥ˼Ϊʱ˫۽ĶϿǶӲӵ壬˺þõڣ
ˣ
Żжʮ׵ڣԼѾǾԼʮ׵ĹʮһһŶȻ£ǿ־壬ǣǰԽԽԽԽĹȴõһ־ˣ
ΪŹֻ֮ǿģҲ֮нǿӤʬģҲ߿˵֮ıߣ
ֻʮһвֻڼ֮ϣڼ֮£
ָ
ʮһָ̧£СĴָӭѾǰĹǰ˳ȥ֮䣬ҲǾۼŴֻЩûɢļ˿ĻһΪȵģ
ΪʮһȻе£һʹţʹΪƲöʧĹſԸõڹÿһι
ͺñȣеʽȥ쳣ưӣϵʱȴǻҪеС˺ܶ࣬Ϊڹʱ򣬺ܶһһʧˣ
ʮһ־۶ɢķʽ˶ģֻһӵдߣҲҪƷɼĸֲſܳһЩ
飡
һ죬ƮĹɵһ£Լ׵ӣʮһȴһΣһѪ˳ֻȻˣȴǿûԼˣһָ̧ʣѪΪī˷ģ
ƣ֮һͳǬˮΪʮһּ֮⣬д֮ƣŰ۱ļ˷ɱ
ʮһһ߻ŷģһߴĺţͣģɱµͬʱȴǳʮһǰѪɵĴ֣ǾԵǰ֣ٱ߽ԣ
ǡôʱҲѾڴ˽ǰʮһѾǲһ׵ľˣۿһҪʮһ³Ѫˣ
ʮһŵŵĹ֮ɢȳϢˣ

ֱƣֱӾϣʮһһƵĳָֺܵһ㣬ӭŹ˹ȥ
߸ҲǿҪˣʮһٵʱ䣬һ۹֮󣬿⹷۾֮кһ˿˿ǹۿ˵Ͱ
ֻʮһ˫һ䣬˫ڵһţ˱ҵļһ㣬ֱϴȥžԼѾԽԽڣʮһлһЩкεģ
ۣ

ǾʮһָոץڵıԵʱȴǸоݺݵײһ£֮󣬵ٶǣڣո빷ԺһƣһѪڿУ
ֻȻˣʮһûзſץڵ֣ôΪˣһжû
׻˵ΪΪʳ˾ͻʮһҲ⣬ԣʮһץһӿһˤ˳ȥ
ˤڽɫϵʮһĴ̹ǵʹͷȥԼɵĵطһڿԼϾȻһֻӣ
ոѵǴ˵УӼ˻ҧأôû¼ʲô֪
ʮһһ䣬Ǽæվ鿴еڣֱӾסǾȻȻóֱӾǽĶȫڣ
ʮһһصҲǱڣҲȥʲôˣֻǴæһƳУоӦҲһõڣԼϷǶһģһ
жĥɱ¿һ㣬ʮһ˦־ǽӭ˳ȥȻ֪ڵǷ̻˵ģǽ͢ʥҲ֪Ϊλһģһģʮһȴֻ֪֮ΪõڣҲ˵飡
ûڣֻһѣ˵Ҳһİ裡
ʮһⶥ׳ȥʱ򣬸Ҳǳ˹ڹǻҪʮһ֮гֻôף
˹߸ףʮһϸֳһĨ֮ɫֳʽָһʱһѪ۳֣ʮһֱӾֵĽָպϵѪն߸ףٴοʼ˷ģ
޼зʮһƬ֮ǻһģһֱָӾ˳ȥ


917 Ūɳ׾
ĳͬʱʮһҲֱ֣ͣƣԼĸһƣǴһţһѪ˳
ҲȲѣַֻʽˣȻ˵ȥԲУȴҲһԲУ
ֻʮһ˫Ѫ֮вϵıȻţʱ߸ҲѾǳ֮ǰǵģȥҲһȵ˵ˣӵ˫УҲѪۣȥôһǱѣ
󣡡
ʮһһ˫ǰ͵һƣһѪɫİͼǱ˳ȥӭ߸׾Ǻ˳ȥ
û뵽ʮһղžȻԼѪһԵͼֻ⻹ûнѪɫͼƳȥʱʮһһץһ֮䣬öͭǮ֮֮ǰǰöͭǮǲͬģǰÿɢѪͭǮ
ˣʮһһֱӴ˰öѪɫͭǮϣöͭǮϵѪɫһ˲øӵҫʹԭ̻Ի͵ĴһƬѪ֮У
䣡
ʮһ۵Ѫ֮󣬴һ˫һϣöѪɫâͭǮʮһһֱ˰ͼİ˸ϣͺ˽ָʿһ㣬վԼλϣ
ɢ
ʮһһȣ˫һֻ֣ѪɫͭǮİͼʮһָķȻһ˲ǷŴȻһŴһ㣬ֱӾ߸׸˹ȥ

ʱʮһͺһٿżָƵģÿһηÿһӡıãǰİͼᷢһֲһı仯ڵİͼǱһŴֱӾǽ߸ȫ˽ȥ
ͺƴʱһ׳ȥֱ̳˼һ㣡
߸ڱһİͼסһ˲䣬Ҫѣֻκ̫ͣⱻǿǱεסˣ
ʱ֮䣬ڷ˸ָ˻ģӵģģ
ʮһȴ˿ûս˫ֱӾҪ·첻ԸոָʱŹȻԵΧ˳ȻȥƱȽأȻҪһ㣬ӵ׺ݵʮһ
ݶѾˣѾǱһŵĹͷʮһҲǺ޵ֱôľͲܵһٳʮҲа
ˣѾΪɶһҪ׷Ҳţǰֲʶ㣬һŹ˵ôΪ˵ɶ
ۿżˣʮһһǲٴ˲ӤʬԱߣǱպ˵ĻоʮһǣһĨЦ
ӤʬȫҪأӤʬ±ߵԣһ󷨣ʮһ֮Ҫ󷨵赲⹷ͷ
ǰ󷨣ʮһûȥƽ⣬ССһ󷨻ǿõģ
ѾǰĹͷʮһ˫һһӤʬھӤʬвߵʱһƬӨ͸Ĺâȴ˸ֱӾһɾ޴ķ֮ʮһȴǺòܣ֮кââ
ԭѾǺǿķ֮ʮһеâ󣬶ԽǿˣҲʱͷֱӾײ˹Ļϣ
飡
һײѾ˺۵ĹͷֱӾͨһˤ˳ȥݺݵ˵ϣӶѾ˻ȥ
վǹޣ
ˤȥĹͷѾſڵϲˣӦιȥˣʮһǲмһڣҲûסһѪ˳Ͼǿķ֮ô׽ӵģ
ɲɵģʮһһѪӤʬߵǹ⻪ת󷨽ϣ
ǾѪڽϵʱѪȻˣֱ͸˽֮ڣѪ룬羹Ȼžžĺƾһ
һĻʮһҲɵˣе㿴⵽ô£һĻȫûм棬ôĶ͸Źأ
ʮһʱȴǿϾȻǳ˿˿ѺָۣоͺСҪʱ򣬵ǿʼһ㣬·֮ʲôҪƵģ
Сһ㻹ǸǰԭҪ֮ãʲſԳصģû뵽ѪȻʹǰأʱóʱû֮ǰ˵ʧ˵ҲٶӤʬڲӤ˵
ʮһͲˣŤͷһǱѾǿҪ֧Ųס˵İͼԼڵҪٴγĹͷ֪ҪǵЩһڳôԼƱػᱻסһסˣǱɣ


918 
ΪӤʬڲĶԲڵԼԿģҲԥ˫ֿٵָпٵĺȵΪǣָ·ƿնݵأ
ʮһھֻʮһϣȻ˸˸㣬˸ҲǱĶ֮ǰʮһڵǰöӵͭǮ
ʱöͭǮֳ״ͺһƵģֻ֮кʢװһ鶫
ʽ뱱Ǵһʱγɵͼ
Ҳʮһµĺ֣һС͵Ĵֻǲܹ񵱳İüñҲһֻͨһͨ
ִֻҲһôǴͷΧҪȰüϵԶܶ࣬ҲʮһƷʱ򣬲Ÿոѧģ
ִͷʵǿյԽǳ֮ԼںϣʹԼԴԽռԼҪȥλõĸ
֮Ǹ׼ȷĵص㣬ΪֻǵһĴͣҪ͵ĵصúõĻǿĴ͵ȷеصˣȻ˵ȴҲ̫Ӧûǻ⸽ģ
öͭǮ˸΢ǹ⣬Ľʮһǹ΢ıĴۣʮһӰȴǽرǹɵˣ
ôˣԵҺС㶫߰ɣʮһӰرǹɣڿҪȫʱӤʬеӤȴٶ
ңӤʬбһѪɫĹâǻһ㣬ֱӾ˰ʮһǹ֮У
УʱҲѾʱˣֻǴʱڰ׶ڵĲɽϣôһȴǵƻԻͣӰ֧ܶ˼
㣬ʮһ϶ûµģȥ˯һɣϹߵϹԣһϹǰԶյĶ˵ȥʱõͨ
ЪϢȥɣ֮ǰѪ࣬ӱٵˣһߣϹŤͷһԼĵܵܣϹɫôĲ԰ףҡҡͷ˵
ԴӳڶѾ˺üСʱˣοҲѪ˰ϹЩ˵ԴϹФɽ±߳ɽϣϹһֱûжһ£
ѪٰϻˣһߴȥϹʱȻԼԭģûʹȻˣŭϹ껹ʹϹ粻òҲϹѩϹ磬Ϲ㣬ǼȺְģ
Ǻðɣȥߵ㣬ⶼѾ賿һˡϹε̾˿һת׼뿪һȴ̲סҪȰ˵Ϲ꣡
ǿϹתͷĿһ۵ʱ򣬾ǰʣµĻ˻ȥջǱʾˣת뿪ˣ
ֻھʱȴֿһŮǿգɫĴ۾ƹУԵһ죬ȴգĽë
ǺϹĵ˸ȿ⵽ԼǱߣǿԹעĲɷŮ
ʱ򣬲û⵽Լһպ͵ţΪʱȥŷŪе飬ʵϣͲ֪ܵȥˣʱģȫǸ˰Ӱֲ֯ˣ
ֻҲ֪һ㣬Ǿ֮ǲܵģΨһĽ㣬ܾһˣһ֮󣬿ټʱϼĹϵˣȻһֱ
ǳ˵ʱָɳһ㣬㲻䣬ǻĵģ͵͵ߣһζСʱȥˣ
ϹȻһؿŶڣҲȻڷе鼮ֻ浽дЩʲôһֶûмסϹҲǾСʱķһ⣬Լпܵòˣ
ֲ˼
Сʱȥˣ˶δһ£һоͺճһ㣬˲ԶФɽͼɣǰ·ʱ䶼ֹһĻ棬ҡҡͷ˵磬Ǳʾǿ
ʱɫѾ΢ˣʱҲһ֮ʱ䣬οڻǶɽϣ¶ȿ֪
ǣ˾ͺ񶼲ܵ⺮¶Ƶģ
Ǳô£ФɽŤͷһ˲䣬ȴǷɽһȴͻȻһ΢ĹâɵָǱߣԵļѯʵ
ôһĲ˳Фɽƿȥɵü˵ĲȻֻƷȴҪФɽһЩϾФɽı廹ޣ


919 ݷĹ
һ£ФɽɵĻͻȻ˵һ䣬ֱӾſ˵ϣӽŵ棬ͣĳ鶯űӣʲôζ
ФɽͻȻľٶֻһʼһ£һȻɫ֪޶һЩͨģ˵Фɽ֮ǰʹõķ棡
ǵâ֮ϢһᣬФɽվԵļ˵仰ûȥѹ֮ģԣԶȴˣһӾվĴһۣ֮󣬾˹
һڼ͸ӵûˣĽǣһߵϹҲˣͷɻĿһۣվһ·СҲ˹
ǲǱͻȻֵ΢âУϢԻɿˣò죬ʲͬȴ¶ɫŮФɽش
ФɽĻش֮Ϲ겻Լͬתͷȥ΢Ĺâʱ򣬱һǱȥĵϹ֣˾ͺȫûע⵽ס˵ļƵģ
Ϲ磬ԼעһϵŮ˺ԼĴ㣬ȫŹâȥһʧȥĶʹ࣡
Фɽͼɶ˶һ֮ҲǼæȥǱǲʮһҪȥģ
ʱŹâ£ʮһȴǸմӵ֮佫öͭǮԭضоԼ״
ʮһöͭǮŹâҲ֮һʧˣʹԶϹ꼸˲ɵüӿ˽Ų
뵤֮ʮһûмȥ鿴Լڵ飬Ҳûеһʱȥ鿴ԼƣԼľ֮УСĽĲԼ뿪֮ǰӤʬڵӤԼڵǵѪɫ
˵ڴϵĵһʱ䣬ûиоʲôʮһŲɵǼһֻΪˣԼһأԱҪúõĲһһըأ
Լڵϸһһ㣬ž֮е鿴Ƿʲô߰Ķ
ɵһȦ֮ʮһٴλص˵֮Уʮһ¶ɫұҲӵأ⵹Ϊ鵽ʲô쳣
෴ʲôûвҵֻԽǲҲκ쳣ʮһԽǵģҵ˵ĻôҲи취
ǣʲôҲǺˣͺñһ֣˴ܣѾ׼úͶԷƴʱˣԷȴͻȻҪؼҳԷˣһץģƾжͣûеطȥй
ʮһģҲģҪǲҳ쳣Ļһֱúܲģػ˭һֱи֪ʱһըҩǲϲģ
ʱϹһҲѾʮһĸʯ֮ϴϤӰϹ۽֮һ˿ỨǿĵˮҲͬ¶ĵЦݣʹøһߵϹ磬оĴʹ
Фɽ£˭ҲûǰΪФɽʮһʱӦأΪ˵Ӱ죬ʲô⣡
ѾǿԿüһƳĹˣ֮еʮһҲǿʼ˵̲ˣ˿û⵽Զڿ
ʵʮһ֮ûиӦҲΪ˵ϲûɢԼв߶Լɱ֮Уһ˶ôһɱǻᱻ
Ϊһֵľ򣬺ܶʱѾǲҪȥĲ鿴ˣֻҪһɱᱻ
̽Ȼţʮһڵٴ฽ѾɨԹΣҲһֱûзʲô쳣׼һɨȫطʱȴͻȻһסˣ
Ϊ฽ȻſһѪɫȻ฽Ѫԣصļΰ
鷢ˣ˵ǰûϸȥ飬Ϊʱ̫ˣʱһ֮ʱݷŵȴҹٴ٣ȴųһ֣
ʼΪҲ˵С˵ɵľֻ˵ģ
Ӥʬ֮ѪɫҲˣԺҹʱ򣬽İݷȻͻǳΣ
ǣ֮֮ǿʼתټ֮ʮһ̽飬ҵˣݷѪɫ


920 ˸еĵ
ֻǣҵѪɫ֮һʮһǰǾѪɫҪôȥȥ
ұھƪ£ҲûҵһƪѪɫйϵݣƾԼȥûκεЧʮһɵˣ
ȻҵˣҲȲˣֻΪ˱ʮһǵ˺ܶѪɫסˣһʲô춯ҲʹԼһʱ
ʮһǽٴγ뵽˵߾һ˵ǵϷϣʵһֵڣʮһҲǷǳ棡
֮ǰФɽսʱԼ֮佫ڵȫˣߵʱǹͻȻֵʮһ˰죬ΨһпܵģҲˣ
ֻⲻӦðڰ÷̻ʵ˵ǽ͢ʥǾӦĲŶ԰ԼԺȷʱɢǹԼûһ˿һĲʣ
ǹصͺΪԼһ㣬Ҳδе̫˼˰ɣ
ֻǣųеĲܣʣµĴ𰸼ʹжôĲ˼飬ôǱɿܵģпܵĴ𰸣ˣ
о˺ð֮ʮһǷһòϵʵǾԼо˰죬Ҳûоڵأ
˳״̬֮ʮһɵҡҡͷ̾ϢһôԼĪĶԽԽأôĻԼ
ΪʹûħֵָħȻаǧһһѾΪһ飬ȻǱӤʬڵѪɫţ
֣ǧԼԿ֮⣬ĶȫԼĿƣͺԼ壬ֻЩʱסһ㣬ʮһǲˬǲˬҲֻܾˣ
ڸпţͻȻһתͷ࿴ȥǱӰôƯֻǿӰ֪ǾһһĴŮ
ʮһվ΢Цȥ߸ȷһ˵ӰȥˣֱӱʮһԵˣ֮пұߵǸСһԼˬı飬ʮһûȥƣѾʴˣ
ǶǱѨ𣿡ߵǰԼȴһ仰Ҳ˵ļһʮһǲʵ
ǳˣϹС㶼Ҫˣ˵ֻ˵Ϲĵģȴû˵ԼҲǺܵĵģ
㣬˵ʲôأһᵣһֻһСˣûĵģĻϹȴǲˣǲԸ˵
˵ĺϡĵƵģʮһ˵СҲ̫ûˣôжĥɱ¿أޣǹӲţ
߰ɣɽȥɣҸطǺúõ̸һ£ʮһתͷФɽͼ˵
ФɽʮһĻ󣬶Ǳ֮ǰҴģھѾ˺۵壬ѲӵļкһǼ򵥵ʰΪ᲻ЩΪκε˿
˿ʼʰʮһѾФɽĴ£һɽȥˣϾӻ
ɽ֮ʮһعͷϹʵʲô㣿
ؼңҴүүүүʸϹʮһʻ֮һᣬʮһش
ϳ˵ɣϹĻشʮһҲûֱ˵벻ã̾˿кϳ˵
ƾʲôģԼֲǲҳֻϹȴǺһըëƵģ۾ŸӶʮһ˵һҿܲˬӣ
ʮһޱĻͷһϹ磬һץֱӾץסϹ֣һǽ˳ԼԱߣ˵ѡԼȥǱűˣ
ʮһĻϹСƺҪ˵һЩʲôֻڿʮһתͷʱһСͣû˵
ʲô˼ʮһʲôʸңСүѾܾˣΪ˭ϹѶʮһ³ɺȫй˳ʮһ
ٸģΪиϹѩĽ㣬ھɱ㣡ʮһǲм˵˵һ竵ͬʱһˣʲô鶼ȥİõĵŽμ峤Ͳû𣿡
òܣ³ԼߣϹ类ʮһѵ⣬Ϻûй⣬Ƿŭ־ҪȥϹ֣һ뿪


921 غڵ
ΪҲɱ𣿡ʮһûȥֹϹ֣һ˫ӽĶϹ磬˿˿ɱϹѹȥ
ˣϳСܣǺ㿪ЦģֻҲĵ˸óеεʱˣϹ͵͵һʮһĸ첲ʾͿˣſڶϹ˵
ϹҲ֪ʮһ֮ô˵ҲΪԼĵܵܺãϣһеصΪͨѰҿԾϹѩӤʬһ·飬Ҳǲµˣڿ϶Ƿʲôˣʮа˾Żǳ˴үүүүϣ
ΪеһУȫǴүүŵģԣԿ϶ľǣȾǸѲ˸ϵ
ϳɣʱܸϵģϹ羹Ȼ﷢ɵҲЩʮһʱȻ˵Ǻܳ˵̣ܶǴ⼸ʮһĹ۲죬ʮһɱһˣǾԲỹ˵ô໰ģοǰСֻҪַָӾͿɱ֣
ߣԼĴͰ֮˶ǷˣϹҲͲټ֣˳¿һҲ˳
Сүһ죬һ㿴СүжǿģϹݺݵĵʮһһۣаԷģֻʮһȴǶƵᣬǱ۾˿αϣȥ۵ӣ
һ·ʻԼСʱ֮ʻһׯ԰֮У󻺻ͣһǰ棬ʮһʱ˫ۣФɽ˳
Щţ˵סʮһѾÿˣֻҪסһˣǾһһţһһݻٿԼսǶţʣȴǻ쵽ڣûһȶס
ȳԵ㶫ɣ߳Ա̸Σ֮󣬼˷ֱӶ˸˲֮Фɽʮһ
ðФģʮһ˵ͷ΢ЦŻص˭ԳԺֶܾأʹʮһھǰ²Զ⣬ǣкóԵĿԳԣǺģ
ȣȥ׼һƲˣҪйƷФɽʮһĻתͷźվŵģ֮ǰǶ˲ˮŮӶԸһò˵Фɽĺܻ飬֪׼йƷʹһڼҵĸо
Ʋ˳ԳԺȺһᣬڳԵĲ߰˷ֱʱʮһ˿ڲ裬ֽ죬ФɽͼɼʮһĶ֮ҲͣΪ֪͸̸µʱˣ
̸֮ǰһ£λδյһǽӵ˭ָҪһЩʲô֪ǷԣʮһԿФɽͼ˵
ȻԣȻͶκεʮһĻФɽ΢Ц˵ʵϣڵȴʮһǼСʱ֮ڣ˾ѾˣʮһڵʵԺǱģԱѾʮһˣ
ҲţֻҪʵģʮһҲ϶ǣⲢǵţΪ־ĸ˵ˣ˴֮佲һţ
ڻдһʣҲ˿о⣬˵ѾǵȺܾˣΪʮһ˴˶ԻһλãҲǻôѯһµģ
˵ɣΪҲǱҹӶģֻǸ˵ҪȥȡӤʬȻͱɱɽӹңºһÿһö˧޵ڵΪ꣡Фɽʮһ˵
һ£ֻФɽ˵ʱʮһȴһӴ˶ԷĻʵڵֶĴڣһ˧Ϳӵˣ
û뵽Ҳ˵ڵФɽǲźۼĹάʮһһ䣬˵ȷʵڵڣҲ˧УѾγڵˣ
ΪʲôһģȴҪﵽſԲڵʮһüʵ˵Ĺ飬ھˣ
Ǵ£һԵϹ磬Դ˵ʼŶţʱʮһʣɵò˵
ǿϹӹƲƲ죬˵ˣ
ϹĳʮһֱӾԶˣϹСӵıԣ֮ǰѵһ٣ҪŬһسأԸˣõİ취ǣֱлû
ǺǣϹү˵ˣûмǴФɽȴǺǺһЦǶϹ˵һ䣬תͷʮһ˵Ĺ飬Ҫϵʷ˰ɣ


922 ֮
ô˵ʮһûֱӻشФɽ⣬Ƿһ䣡
ںǰ֮ȷʵҪ磬ſԲڵФɽʮһ֮ЦŽ͵ǣԼھ߰ʱɣʱһֻһֻǣո̤һͨޣУһɵĴܣԴһϵ
̤ɽ֮ϵǱϵޣʱ򣬾ǿڵ
ɣȻǿߣʮһҲǵһɰǿ൱൱аƷĴڰƷƷѾôţˣǰƷֻӻ֮䣬һ
ǰ޽죬ѼصʷУּģഫıһֻǣФɽʮһĸпҲǵͷʾͬ
ԴȻǿԸᲢˣʮһҲǵ˵ͷɲȵģȵǣɼȻԴԳһϵ
Žܣʲô֣ϵԴһģ඼ǻ̤Ƶɣλɰ࣡
ιô˭о˵ģأϹһٸпɵѯʵ
μǿ𣿡ʮһƳһһһ䣡
ϻ˭ûϹʮһʻ֮󣬺ǲˬİ˶Էһ£˵
Ϲʮһ仰֮ȴǺһ뵽ʲôŵĿʮһȴǿʮһĵ˵ͷ쳣
λĴڵģǵȷʵǽһĴڣϹ꿴ʮһͷ֮ԾǲԼеǸ²⣡ΪֻǴڴ˵֮еģ
˵μôˣϹȴ׷ʸͣأû뵽ûϵĻʮһôûμأ
μУھֻ˵У֮ߵĴڣ֪˭𣿡ʮһϹʵ
ߵĴڣ˭գһ˭ȮɣϹʮһ֮󣬿Դģʽֽ׸ʮһ
Ϲ羹ȻȮ˵˳ʮһԼܵ裬ҡҡͷϵĲ豭ǲϹˣ
һԵФɽ״ӹ˵ȷʵȷģһȴȮţħ
ţôȻһϹʾе㲻ţ
԰ǿǧңţ˵ߵĴڣϹһ֮󣬱ǲĲԣʮһФɽʵ
оȣʮһȴСĶϹ˵һ䣬ǵϹǲˬĵһۣ
˵ˣҺ˵ģһĴڣȷʵλҪ֪Щһ˾ģοֻǱ㿴ĶѣФɽϹʻ֮ĵ˵ͷЦ˵
Ϲ˼˵ˣФɽǼʮһ˵ѵҪڵ
ʵȷʵҪΪҵĹһЩ⣡ʮһФɽĻҲֱӻش
һ£ФɽʮһĴֱ֮Ӿվ˵һ鷿ȥ
ʱǿФɽ˻ֻ뿪ʱȣȴǶһʵĺӣ
ʱΪ̶ɱһЩ˧ޣȡڵһʮţ£Фɽезŵʮһǰº˵
ҾͲ˵ʲôҪĻˣΪȷʵȽҪ飬ҳˣʮһһ֣صĶФɽ˵ƺǱˣ
ˣЩڵڵΪȫʳˣҲǲκεЧģҪҲﾡˣФɽ˰֣ʾʮһ̫ЩѾûʲôˣ
ФɽĻʮһͻȻһѾһΪȼ۽ĶֵҪʮڵҪغܶ࣬ҲͻȻһ׬ȡڵ뷨
˵˵ҴүүҲ֮ɣϹеԽԽԶɵͼ
ʵҺӣҲĴүү֮䲢ʶϹĻФɽĻشȴֳ˶Щ𾪣ʮһҲССĳһ
˭һ֮ʮһ뵽ĹؼڣصĿФɽѯʵ


923 һӵĻ
ģФɽʮһʻ֮󣬿ʮһصĻصһǻĹʼĴڣ
Фɽ仰Ϲ˻ã֪ʴʲôʮһͼ֪ʮһҲǱˣʰּĴڰôأ
ѵҴүүҵ𣿡Ϲ̣Ǿһң
ҲǣФɽϹʴ֮󣬻һʹϹܸεĻ
ǣΪϵҵȷʵӵ壻ǣΪڵѾģФɽϹܺǸӵɻˣ͵
үү𣿡Ϲܳ˼һ֮Ϲ꿴Фɽѯʵ
ҲŵĿܲǺܴ󣡡ФɽҡҡͷǺȷĻش
ôҵģ˵һЩʲôʮһȴǸЩ˵ںӵǾںҲı䲻ʲô÷ĻҪģ
ǰʱҲһ̵ʱ򣬱ֻˣĴﾭֻȡڵΪҪһҲɱʱȴǼһָģԺҵģ뿪ˣ
ʮǰͻȻһҵң˵һǰĶ飬ȻǽңФɽ˵ʱóһͼƬ
ͼϹʮһһģһƬϹϹˣ
Ȼ󣬾Ǹңһж˸͹ֻҪͷǽӤʬȡǿˣӦһ껨꣡Ϊ˱ǻ߼۹Ӷ˼ɺɽӣ
Ҳ˵֮ǰ֪ӤʬѾǱһǿ߸ռˣʮһФɽĽ֮󣬼ʵ
Ͳ֪֪һĵĸ֣˵ʲôҲȥǸӤʬģФɽʮһĻ֮ҲҡͷЦ˵ΪΪʳҲиǰᣬǾÿȥʱ򣬶ȸԼһ·ϾûԸȥ
ͺʮһΪ˵õڣôãΪգʱҲƾԼı뿪˵Ҳһ̶ȵˣǶʮһ˵ⶼֵõģĿǰģ
û˵ΪʲôһлضҪϹܵѪſԣʮһФɽ֮ǰ֪飬ΪղŵĻش𣬶Ϊ֮ǰڹ֮ڣӤʬڲӤֵʱФɽ𾪶ɻģ
ҾͲ֪ˣ֮һ˵ФɽҡҡͷʾҲǺȴǿʮһ˵˵ôһСǿߣǿ֪Լʲôʱ޽ģ
Щǿ֮ǰΪԼһ󷨣ȵһʱ֮󣬾ͻԶѹֻôһЩ󷨣ҪһЩ֮йصĺ֮˵ѪҺФɽԼ֪飬߸ʮһ
ʲô˼ϹеΣʮһʵ
˵ӤʬסŵĴڣпһڣʮһϹĻ󣬽пܵĽ
ŶûоѩķϹ˼άѣ˵ͷ֮󣬱Ƕʮһѯһ⣡
ѩӦûˣϹ⼫Ե⣬ʮһסˣӳ˺ð죬׹ǵ˵ͷ˵
ô֪Ϲ׷ʵ
ǵʱһʦţ㽻ҵֽ𣿡ʮһǷһ䣬Է¶ĵ˵ͷ֮󣬼˵ϱһ֣
˵ʮһĶһ£󿴼ϹһڴգŴ۾ɵⲻ˵ˣֱϹҧ촽СʾҪʱ򣬲Ǽ˵־ǰƽİȫİ
һǰ˼˵ѩû𣿡Ϲջʾȭͷʮһѯʵ
ѩӦѾˣֻǱʦ˼ҸЭڣΪֻǰȫģʮһ˵ͷչֽʱֻһİ֣Ȼ֪Ϊһʦ֪ϹܹԼ
ǣ֪֣ڸԼһжƽȻҲͰϹѩѾͷİȫˣ
ˣǽȱعˣڶ˵Ҫȹڰȫĺܶ࣡ʮһͻȻʲôһ㣬Ϲ˵
ȥأڹûˣϹЩȻмҲܹصĸоĲǺܺã
⣬ʮһҲסˣղֻΪ뵽ڵƣϹҵƣϹսҲѾʲô쳣ŻὫϹѩ͵һʦϹϹ˵İΣҲʵûа취ˣ


924 
ңʮһĲ²⣬ϹսпҲѾܵȺˣϾǿǹʼĸְ֮ûȥϹս콫ϹѩߣΪ˼һӣ
Ͼڹǿߣһйɱһһǰģ
ʮһ֪ǣ֮ûϹѩߣȻһӵԭ򣬵Ϊһһɱһ˹ʣΪʱ
ϹСûʲôطȥĻǿĵطҲ˵ڰ׶ڣһĵͼ˵ģҲԿԱ֤ǽܶ˵İȫФɽʮһ˳˼ǻʱĶϹ˵
Фɽ飬Ϲ绹Ϲ꣬ûѡֱӻشԷĻһ߿ʮһϾڵ˵ʮһô˵Ĺǵģ
ղ˵׶һģѵڵľôط˿࿹𣿡ʮһҲȻǲ鿴ϹܵעӣȴûֱӸһ𰸣תͷФɽѯʵ
ȷʵһ࿹ˣ߻һƷʦΪƣ׶ڵѾǸͳһˣФɽʮһѯ֮ҲһЩΣ˵
˷ֱʲôʵʮһʵ
һƷнףһƷףФɽʮһʻ֮Եú˷ܣʮһش
õ飬źһУҪأñʮһФɽԸ
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̸ֱһº˰ɣʮһФɽ˵
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Ʒģҿ԰Ҫһ֮󣡡ʮһ˵ͷԹԵļ˵Ǳߵĵȷʵܸ㣬ȴԺγһˣ
Ҫǿ̣ФɽССһ£ѯʵ
ǰɣʮһ˵ͷΪǴֱȻøǴ﷢չȿԶ㿪Ӱ֯ĸֿһǿˣ
û⣬ȻģһܿĵģФɽЦŻص
Сƿţھͽȵ֮ټ˵ʮһת֮䣬óһСƿʮʥˮԼ֮ģΪҪʥˮһЩǿߣһҪЩͳǿߣȫмӣ
ãФɽûʲôʮһǷẦ֮ģΪԲõ֮ڵҺ壬ƺżŨ
ʱǽܾڰ׶ɣһ֮һܶҵ˹ǽܿȫĵȴţФɽȥ֮ʮһתͷϹ˵
ʲôʱԻȥϹʵȥһЩκ˸У
ҲǺǵһȥʱһǣʱһȥģʮһҡҡͷҲȷԼʲôʱعڵʵǼ죬Ҳһսֻ֮ҪǸƷԳôаսϹܴзˮЭᣡ
ֻǣôͻȥһǻûıϢʵ죡ȥĻֱȥҳ´ɽͼ챨ģ
ǺãҺСܵ㣡ϹʮһĻ󣬿ʮһһ֮ĵ˵ͷ
ιǲǾҪֱ뿪ˣʱ䣬Һͽô찡ϹͻȻʮһ˵
ҵȻҪֱ뿪ˣ㣬ȻҪˣ㵱ȻҪˣʮһƳһϹ磡
ҿǲ̫ˣһҳΣզ죿ϹǲĴ
ƾɶҪһߣϹȴǿʮһ߷ߵ˵
Ϊһʱ䣬ҪҸɽȥûиСҶﰡĵʱ򻹿žžžһ£ðʮһЦĺһЦĿϹ꣬ȴǿϹɴ˫̧ۣȭͷ˹
ǽãһһ꣬ΪмҪҪȵİܵи˸׼ԵİɣȻģʮһվ㿪֮˵
ǲǻ𣿡ϹһߵĵһʮһĹĵ˵
бأʮһ˵һΣгƿӣٺװʥˮ
ȥһйзˮЭᣬһӣ˵ҽģʮһƿ򣬶˵һ£дֽȥһʦ


925 Фɽľ
ʮһ£ߵһԣͳһſհ׵ķֱָֽӾڷֽд
һ֮ʮһдչȻ󽫷ֽ£߻򣬼˵мǣһҪֽһʦ˭У
ľͺãһ͵һǰУƿͷֽȫպú󣬶ʮһ֣ص˵
⼸ŷպãԷ·ʲô鷳õĻֱӳȥˣʮһ˵ͷǴӻó˼ŷ򣬶ٴ˵ֱ֮ˣ
ãҾˣҲһеŮӣʮһĻ󣬽ӹʮһ˵һ֮ǶϹһͷֱת뿪ˣ
ȥӰʮһҲһԵԣϵӾƱһ£óöͭǮ˵ɻУǿʼ
֮ʮһԼþˮͼһ֮ԣԵĻͲǺܺãˣг̵ļ׵Ļǿ֮ԣ
㣬ΪأҲ˵гϻᱻҪȥĵطĵͷѹΪ磬Ҳ˵жֱ˰
ԣУʮһѾˣоգ
պöͭǮ֮ʮһ̧ͷϹԼȫһĿɵЦЦû˧𣿲ûмҶȤֻϲŮˣ
ղʲôϹֱӾģʮһļ˵ƺѾ֮ǰʮһѵʱжˣ
й¶ʮһװһ˵
ȴߵһԵɳȴţԼղдһӵĻ
ԭȥһƿʥˮϹѩͿˣžǹƶûбʥˮİҲȫûģһʹϹѩʵõ̶ȵĸı䣡
ǣȴͻȻһʦһɱһ˹ʵʱܵһֱûкã֪ʥˮǷԶһİ͸ƣ
ԵĻôһӣԵţɶһַǳİԼ֮ûԻȥΪԼڻȥĻܶ˵Ĺע
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ԼȥĻпܻᱻעãĻһǺܲԵŸڵĵʵǾˣ
ϷӽĵǲҪʲôҾ˵һ֣ʱФɽҲ˳˷쳣ģŸո߳䣬Ƕʮһ˵
ջ񣿡ʮһФɽĻЦЦͷһ䣡
һͻˣФɽ˵ʮһɳ£˵ǲ֪ҶѾƷ֮ͣˣھȻһҪͻƵĸоˣֻҪھ£ͻͻƵƷнˣʱڼҵ츳һ˵ϲ³˹ƷҲʰǣ
ջͺãڼ̸̸ʮһҲǺФɽƣФɽֳ̬ȣ˵
Ҫ˵ʲôˣФɽ֣˵Ļȴʹðʮһڵ˶һ£
Фɽ˵ӽ꿪ʼŶǴڣʱ˿̿ʼҾ͸ˣФɽӵеһУģԸͲ̸ʲô֮ˣʲô龡ܷԸǣ
ûôţһﲻǸһƿҩ˰ɣϹǿŵĴʾܹⰡȥһƿʮһĲ֪Һ壬֮ͺǱãʮһƳΪ˾һ㣡
˵ϹˣʮһԼһΣȻФɽǿģǣԭĴ㣬ֻӦФɽԼһȻԼڽʹŷû뵽Ȼֱһϣ
ʵֻ˵ʮһһ·̫˳˳ˮˣͲᵽһ;֮еѣοأ
޵ҪѺܶģФɽ֮ǰ˵ģĳСϸʱ䣬ͣǰȫƽˣʮһȴָһƿʥˮ֮ȻоҪͻˣܲ
ңͨʥˮҲǿˣʮһ죬ԺԵõǲģû׼Ժ󻹻лߵһأ


926 ˹ɽ
ԣФɽŻôļôĸɴϣֻҪʵǿˣʵͲֵһᣡʮһ뵽õİ취ˣ
ǼȻˣҲͲˣһᾡȥʵǰ㲻ʮһӦ֮󣬶Фɽ˵
ܷģھͽȥƴɱҲһüͷҲ֪ܶʱͻҪȥսŻģФɽûһ˿ȴǼ˵Ҿֱӽҵϲ֯УȫȨɸĹߣʱҾһֱ
Ǹ㲻ǣʵе̫˼ˣҪҰǹһǵ֯ϹҡͷʾȴһڴĿʮһ
Ȳãȵһ֮һʱôʮˣʰ˵ǻ֮һǻ뿪һʱ䣬Ȱĵ˳֯ȵһعʱڸһͿˣʮһȴǺûϹĻƵģǶФɽ˵
Ҳã˵İУФɽҲ·ûϹĻƵģʮһĻش֮󣬵˵ͷʾȫû⣡
ҿҪҪô۸ˣֱ̫Ϲ翴ԼĻȫˣɵúǲˬĴҲǿˣʮһͲĶɱ֮ģ
ҵܲˣʲôʱԹܺϹңĹʱ̸⣡ʮһһλظϹˣһʹϹס˵Ļ
ȥΣȥȥʮһתͷϹʵ
ﰡôģϹ겻ŵĿʮһŲʮһôأ
ʮһĴ㲻أң֤ʱһ¥Ѿ
ϡϹȴҡҡͷ
ˣʮһ֮Ҳǿ֮Ҫһȥֻһ̫ģһ˾ǳܣǲҲһ˵˵
ֵܵĵ绰룬ʱҪûϻ׼˵ĻȰǽйȻһһȥʮһתеĵ绰뽻ФɽֶԼɵһͷ֮󣬱׼뿪
ô˵ʮһŸԱ߾ǳһӰĹĵĿӣ
ô˵ˣɱң˵Ĳϡ𣿡ʮһŤͷϹ꣬ǲ˵
˵ϡһʲô¥Ϲܺÿİʮһһۣ
ʲôҺܴģʮһһˣе㿪ģһģֿʼƮˣ
ٷϻ·㱨ûǮϹʮһѾˣûô޳ܵˣ˼ôôģ
̫ˣʮһֹһ䣬ȥϹǺٺɵЦһԸţ
Ϲ翴һĻԼҪˣһǱͬһ˼ˣһʱζӳ£ǰϣϽ޳ȥûǴˣ
ǵϲһˣ˻һܲˬ˵ʱоȻһֵİײˣҪ˵ĸо˵ײ˲ֵģǿײһɳܲ
ûʲôĵģϹСܸǺҸģɿϹǸʹıߵǰ˵
ҪһأϹɵĻתͷŶԷ˵
ϲϼϲϹĻҲһ£еε˵һ䣬ЦߵФɽԣ˵һЩʲô뿪ˣ
ɻϣϹ꿴ʮһʵΪɶҪȥ˵ǱҪ߻ҵģ
ȥɽȻҰˣʮһתͷЦ˵
ûһʵϹʮһʱʱܻһ˵ĻҲѾǲˣ
ǵ˷ɻת˼˳֮վɽµʱϹȴǷʮһȻ˵ģȻҪɽһۿͷɽϹ;Լ˫ȺǹǦһ㣡
ʮһȴǡǡ෴ǰİ˹ɽеļ֮ѾҪˣû뵽ıҵˣֻ⻹ֻһֶѣ
ʮһⰲ˹ɽ£һʱеĲģΪҪҵɽͼ֮еɽʵɽӰȻͼסɽͼɽһЩȥϲѯò˵ܵĶȻģȻ鵽ˣ
ɽͼɽһ֣Ϊǰ󣬶ⰲ˹ɽɽͼɽĺ벿֣տʼţֻǵɽ£ʶϢʱʮһ֪ԼҶˣ


927 
治Ұ˰ɣӽƻֺɽԼĿɼïɭ֣ϹСʵ
˵ҪҰ˵ĻҲ϶ܵĵʮһЦһ£ŻϹ꣡
ҲȥˣϹʮһĴ֮תͷ׼뿪ȴʮһֱӾ͸ץסˣžȥ
֪ұҰ˻Ѿˣʮһ˵Ϲĸ첲ɽȥ
һ·ǰУֱɽȥǰ˹ɽȫоǧҪ븹أô׵ģʮһɣҲеģ
ڵǣʮһҪֻҪҵһĵصǿԣ
߲ˣЪһòã˴ԼһСʱʱ䣬ϹǼֲסˣʮһ˵
֮ǰҪǲҵһԿտĵصĻᱻҰ޵ߵģ˵ǰϻʨ֮ģʮһϹ֮Ż˵
߲ˣҽ°ɣϹ˵
Ҳὲ°ʮһ·ˣ飬Ĳᰡ
͸ҽڹ֮ڣǼɵô°ɣʮһĻϹ˵
ðɣʮһⲻԼóģǾ׼ʼ
Ҿ㻹ǱҽɣȻĻһȣֻǾʮһ׼ʱȴϹ˵ɷ˵ľվǲˣգһ˫۾ʮһ˼ԣ㿴Űɣ
ڴˣʮһҡҡͷ˫ȶȥȵϹſ֮󣬱ǱϹǰȥֻ֮˫ֻסϹĴȣʮһоǲģ
ʵڹʱһ˰ֶף˵ӦʮФ֮еİ˸ãߣ򣬼֪Ϊʲôûĸ𣿡ʮһһ߱Ϲǰߣһ߸Ϲ꽲
ΪʲôϹҲǸӵһ䣡
ΪⲼ֮ˣҪʮФֻҪõ˸ͺãĸǺѶԸĴڣţ߹ˣôʣµͻˣ
Ҫ֪ǿеߣ½ϵİߣҶ߻ֱʥ֮һǿˣҲģͿʹӤʬڵģǸпϹȵˣԶֻֿ֮ʵ
ʮһ򵥵Ľһ飬ǵȽʱȴûдκεĻӦɵŤͷһ£ѾͷȻǽСԴſԼļ˯ˣ
ҡͷЦһ£ʮһҲûдԼǱߵضǲģӣѾͷҲȷʵˣ
ϾϹǲܸϹѩԼıЩѵȵģֻһִŮ͵Ĵѣ
Ϲ˯ˣʮһǼӿ˽ŲٵֻܶĹУȴǺܺõر岻
Ϊ˸õĸΧĳ̶ȣʮһͣͣһʱ֮ͣһ˵ƵһЩĿյϣΧһȦ֮ʮһó׼õо
һֱϹ꣬ʹ䲻һֻֿʼҺõⶼѾװõģֻҪ򿪳һ¾ǿˣ
ĽϹŽ֮֮ʮһ˳һʯͷϣ۾ʼĸܵ
ʮһ֮ԻҪܵΪҪģھҵļ
ҪʹԼɽͼڵɽӵиͱҪʵеɽɽͼеɽγһĸӦ빵ͨνĸӦ͹ַͨһʮһɽͼʵеɽڵأĽϵ
һֱҵʵɽ飬ȻֻŵɽͼУֻϾһܴɵģΪȲ˵Ƿҵõֻ飬ΪѾγ˶еǣǷǳĴģôһҵأ
ңãҵֻ飬ҲûʲôõģΪһԳΪĴڣѾʵﵽһ߶ȵˣ
ͱ˵ʮһڵɽͼеСŸոѾڳ׶ΣʵѾ߱Ʒ֮ˣ飬ҲǴﵽƷ֮ĳˣ
һ鶼ǲ뿪ɽģֻҪɽܵԵ˺ʱҲǲ¶ģ
ʮһʱõһַͼǿɽͼ밲˹ɽĸӦ


928 ˵õأ
ʮһĬĬĸܵ˫ֽӡɽͼ˳ҲôɽͼڰУҲɽɽͼҲ˭ܹߵģ
ݣ
ɽͼֵʱһɫӰǴɽͼд˳ֱӾʮһͷϣץʮһѾе㳤˵ͷֻǰצͣţ
ˣɣķͶŪˣʮһÿ֪϶СĨܳˣ
ʮһץסͷС壬ǰЦһĨСӣôܳˣ֮ǰȵʥˮ𣿡
ݣ
СĨʮһĻֻǰצʮһӵĴƿָָԶԼĶӣһ˫ˮĴ۾ͣգţʮһ
ȥҳԵ𣿡ʮһһº󣬿Ĩʵ
ߺߣʮһĻСĨԴ粦˹һ㲻ͣصͷǽСԴ쵽ʮһĲӸͣţʮһͣŽ
ȥȥɣԼСĵ㣡ʮһĨСԴɿץĨ˵
ݣʮһӦ֮СĨ˷ܵĽһһɫӰһʧɽ֮У
ղǰӰʲôϹĵĽСԴһŵİӰʮһѯʵ
˯Ժ˰ɣʲôӰʮһһǱ۾ûȫϹ꣬ڷһ䣡
ŶгԵҶˣϹ국Ŷһʮһ֮ʵ
ΪгԵĶӦ֪ûκγԺȵİʮһǿ׳һ㿴Ϲ꣡
ô죿ᱻɣϹεľС죬Ҳˣ˷ɻ֮һ·תûȥκεĶ
𣿡ʮһϹ˵
ҲģϹ겻ĵ˵ֻǲŸ˵Ǵһӽе࣡
һᣬӶ˻ʳأʮһƳһϹСӣ󿴼Է˼Сģ˵һ֮󣬱վ׼뿪
ⶼҪˣһϹ꿴ʮһվҪߵӣĴһѾǿҪɫʮһ˵
ȥҳԵİһᣬһҾͻʮһĿһϹ꣬󲻵ȶԷӦӰһѾʧԭˣ
ʮһʮһƭְһ˶£㲻ˣϹץһ㣬ʮһӰʧĵط˼䣡
໣
ǽžһǺ˲סС죬ٺˣһ˫Ĵ۾Ĵ͵͵Ŀ˼ۣĵУ
ϹԼ֪ٴʮһ¶֮󣬽ԸǱˣǰСŮ˵̬ǲֵܳģҼʹǺˣҲǲ˵ģǱֳģ
ĵ潫ãϹ˫ֱһȴʮһ쵰
˴ԼһңϹͻȻŵһرĿζɵóСӣŶйҽУûܵ˼
һʲôʱģ֮ϹǿԶʮһǰ֧һѣϱһ֪ʲôȵ⣬֮ǰζɢģ
ĳ͵͵ֹҵʱ򣡡ʮһͷһϹ꣬С￴Լأ
ҲҰ˭㶪ҲܵģȻôö֪ͨңϹտʼһ飬Ͼڱʮһתô˵ʮһѾǻܾˣԼô¶Լһֱǲ̣
ƽˣԶɣٲҿɾԼˣʮһεķ˸ۣ˵űߴӻϿŵҰ˺һ鴿ݵģʾϹԣ
ʱϹҲ˲ʲôˣʮһȻ飬СŹӹʮһݹǳ
Ϲ￪ĵĳţ˿˼ԼŮʮһǿģԼҲȻÿӾڸϹ˺һ
ֻǣųţʮһͣ˾׽̧ͷԶȥΪܵһĲֲǻңʲô˻ڽ֣
ôˣǳԱҿɾȫˣϹʮһͣ˶ɵɻʵʱѾֻһһˣȴǶŻԾɿð͵⣡
ǧС㣬ԶҪһ֪𣿡ʮһﰡôѾͷͲ֪עأ


929 ײ
ûˣôʲôȴ֪ϹʮһĻ󣬺ǲм˵
ҪȥһˣǸŻԭأʮһҡҡͷǲøǵ˰վϹ˵
ȻһˣҪٸңҸƴϹʮһĻֱӾӵץŵ⣬ץסʮһĴ֣Сϲһ£
ҵֵĨʮһǰͣԼϲȥϹ꣬üͷʵ
Ȼ㷢ˣôϹɾ֮󣬺ٺЦţͽץʮһ֣ٴαʮһ£
ץˣʮһһסԷһȵԷҲͬסԼʱһǿٵ֮ǰӦĵطȥ
Ϲܼȴ磬ȻûоȵĺУȴǽһСԴʮһҸ£ֵ磡
ʱ䲢ʮһϹͣһɽϣһô棬˫Ŀһ㣬ǰȥ
𣿡Ϲоͣˣ˫ҲǸܵ˴صĸоɵ̧ͷʮһʵ
һһҪңʮһ˵ͷǷ֣Ϲķͱ紵Ѿеˣɵְһ£
õģģʮһͷϹһ̣˫֮˸ҸĹâĵһͷ
ãȿһ£һ˵ʮһĵЦЦٴתͷǰȥĿⶢŲԶڴ򶷵ӰȻԶһ㣬̫òʮһƾ賬˵ˣ⽻սˣһǳͷһģӦһŮӣ
˳ʮһĿ⣬ĿȥȴǷָʲôҲֻȴǲģȻĵɴ۾ȥ
˵ϸһ֮Ϲ껹ǿˣԶôСڵڲͣײ
ڵ㣬ʮһǺֵͣˣеǸͷоȻץһľ壬Ѫɫģϱɢһɭ⾹һײİ壡
֮սŮɣлһޣȴϹѩıӲͬϹѩıӣŮɵŵıȴǿԼģΪһ߱ɵıӣ
ʮһĸоʵԲľ磡һĴߣȴǱһŮץе
֮ǰôʮһ˵ĻʮһǾԲŵģȴǱԼۿˣݲˣ
ֻ˶кĵģԽʮһԽҪ֪սļһﶼʲôˣȻôǿ
ܿʲôҪ֪𣿡ʮһϹԸš
ȰŲŲ𣿡ϹָʮһԼ֣Сͨ˵
϶⣬ԭֻǱģҲ֪ʲôʱԼܵҸȥˣǲ͵͵Ūģʮһ˳ϹƿȥԼ־Ȼ֪һЩºΣ
ҪϽϹ귭˸ۣ˫ץסʮһŲһЩ
ôСأָղ𣿡ʮһСֹһ䣬ȴʹϹˣСӵĺˣôܽСأ̫Ҫˣ
ˣס˵Ļǧʮһ˵ǴϹٴǰȥһ·ͣͣزأ˾˲ʮ׵λãٴζһ棡
Ϲ꿴ǲ֪ʱƵԼҸµĴ֣յͬʱҲǽޣʮһ֮ǰ飬ߵ˺ӣԲ˵ֻ۾ʮһϣԾ쵽
ֻǣϹ֪ʮһǹģ˵ʱû񣬾ǲˣҲǲĴеģ
ʱʮһ˫ȴǽĶǰˣڶţ˭Ҳû˵Ҳûȥ˵ĸоһȭ̫һغϽ֮ȭڶݵЪϢһ㣡
ײϣ㲻ʵıĹײģװһͷӣʲô˼ֳçߵŮӣ˫ŶŸײİĳͷ
ŮǷ̫ܵһ㣿ϲҧҰŹײİͷŮӵĻҲǲмҼ߰˵
ߣҪҲܣɽеޣһ£Ҫ˺ɱǣŮҲǰһ˲ŵҲеӣʾԵĿŶĳͷ


930 ɽ
Ů㲻Ҫִ̫ˣǧƬɽһֱػҲһֱǾˮˮΪ˴ƿ˳УͱҪôָʵҪʵָͱҪ㹻ڵΪƷЩ㶼֪ģײİĳͷЦһͼȰ˵Ů
ǵ£ҪҺɽ֮е޾ȥҶνĴƣҲͬŮһĽͷ̧ȫѶԷĸо
ѵһҪǸŵǻѾ֪ˣпѾأһֱƬɽֵǷĶѾˣײ˵䣬еĹײİһ˵ϣʱ䣬ضǸ˼£
ŮһעصľǶ飬ȻӦػŴɽǧֱ꣬ĺˣʹȥھǧ֮Լһʱ䣡Ůһ̣¹ҫ£ԵôĹ°ôĲһ
ˣǱ㲻ҪˣϾҪʵˣٵˣײŮĻ󣬴һ˦һ˹ײİϣǿײİŮ˳ȥ
ѪɫĹײİ壬һصɳҶһڵһ㣬ŮĴȥ
ⷭȥĹײİ壬ŮʲôӦԣʮһѾ𾪵ˣɳȥĹײİȻһһһ޴ķ͵ôһ£ʮһһ£ԼײİеĻǿ϶ܲ˵ˣ
ȥ
ʮһ𾪵ͬʱŮȴǿŷĹײİ壬һ֣еߣǱ˦˳ȥһײ˹ײİϣ
ײλãʱһɳܷɾȥһصĳ֮ߣ̳ɢȥ֮ײΪģΧȻγһֱнʮ׵յشԲھȻһƬҶûˣɳȫܣ
ʮһȥȴǷ֣ߣʱѪɫĹײİϣ߾һ𣬶ǿײİ徹ȻһһµĲͣĻŵ棬Ҫߵ֮ѳȥһ㣡
ߣȥɱϣٻʰ㣡ʱײȴһһ仰ξʧˣ
ڹײʧһ̣ʮһ֪ˣɿŵϹ꣬ӭǰָ£СĴָǰ˳ȥ
ָʮһȵֱӱǳڵǰֵӰ˳ȥ
飡
һ촫ʮһһߵķһ㣬˳ȥһѪ˳ȥֱײ֮ǰϹŵǿŴϹԣ
ǰֵĳͷʮһǿȳѪղһָѾþڵԭһָֻҪڵһͿԵģǣ֪ͷʵпѾǵƷ֮Ҫߣ
ʮһѾ뵽ˣԼͷ֮ĲˣҲþȫȥƴɱˣȴû뵽ʹþȫȻǰܵúܲҺܲңԷһƤëû˵
ƷȻԽӵ±ʵһƣⰡİɣһŮ˺ģײϺǾȵĿűϹ걧ڻеʮһ˵
˸ͷʮһͲһˣֻҪ룬˭ǲУֻһ˫һӡֱӾٻɽͼ֧վ
ɽΣˮƣǬתɽӱ飡ʮһ˫Ŀ磬Ϊ͸֧ǿתķɣΪĻɫʩչĿǰΪֹǿһУɽӣ
ʮһӡĴܵĿ·ǾֹʮһǰȻǳһɫƣֻֻǲȱģȻֻģûָ֮еҲһģ
ĲȱӡȴʹöĳͷһֻҲֻת˲ŶѣƬ֮󣬱ǿײϵʮһһȭ
һȭͬʱײϲиҲǴʮһĶУһƶѣһƣܻñ鷳һ£
ʮһҲûţһɽӴȥ֮󣬿ٵó˼ŷԼǰٴƴת𹦷Ƿֳһǧ֮УϣʹָٶȸӵĿһЩ
䣡
ʮһĲȱײһȭײһɲǣһըһ󿰱ԭӵըһ͵
Σʱ̣ʮһϹ꾹ȻҪǰҪƵģоȻһ˿Ļ㱣ǰ˶ǸԼһӰغһһ̣ϹòʮһоȻĽϵӣ


931 ײ
Ҫʮһһ˱ԾֱӾǽϹѹ£ʹϹԱܿеıըˣֻҲʹԼеıը
ۣ
ӻڿеʱʮһһѪ˳ȥڿҪˤڵϵʱʮһȴǿеһŤԼ棬Ϲˤˣ
أ
һ̣Ϲ꣬ټʮһĲ״ʱ̾ȻΪԼϼˣҲǲɵÿ˳һӲ˲ңһ̾Ϊʮһңһ֣ܽа飡
֮ǰϹֻΪԼˣһ˿ͬ˵ĺøжѣټԼԷԼڵĴҪͶԷùϵŻߵ˽ģ
ǣһ̣˾ȻΪ˾Լ˵֮صʱϹ֪Լһֱ뷨ˣ
ʮһ㲻ģѩڵأֻȻˣϹȴֻᵽϹѩ֣ԭΪϲϵģʹҲԷȻǲԵģ
ȿȣôʮһǿڵǰ޵ƵϹ˵ôֻѩҰأ
ͷ㶼ˣϹĴһʮһǴʮһȥ
Ȼʱˣ̸˵ǻǲ֪ʱǰ߳һӰǹײϻ˭ʱԷݺݵĶʮһΪղʮһǲƣȻǲһ˵ˣúûӣ
ΪʲôҪǶ֣ûǵ㣡Ϲһӵʮһǰ쿪˫۵ʮһǰֻǽСӰڴʱȥȴǶһ۵ζ
ûΪʲôΪвʮһȴƾǧϹ͵ĹЧǿĻָһЩԼվϹԣٴνһ
ȻܹվӦʲôָƵҪˣײϿʮһȻûһվвˬͬʱȴҲ뵽һֿܣ˫Ŀ֮һ˿̰Ĺâ
ƾ㣿һŹײİļһҲҵĶ˵ΣʮһȻ򲻹ԷȴǾԲ䣬ν˲
ҾͲڻʵֵһУײһĿʮһ
Ǿ㿴Сүʵʮһȵ˫ֿٵĽһӡ˵ľԼϣ
ھӡ֮ȴǼʮһͻȻŷһҫ۵ĹâŹײϾǲʮһϵƾǿʼ
ԭʮһһ̣ٴʹ˿ʵطΪʵطĸҲѾǽˣֻʵҲˣ
лһţϲӵлָƵȻӵʵķҿʲô𣿡ײѾǿȷնɱеӣһˣΪִֻŲӵУ
ֻţҲûõģΪھԵʵǰҲҪز۵ģ
ڹײϵעУʮһʵһ·գۼƷ۷壬ƻڲͣУ
䣡
ʮһֻоԼںƷһըƵģǸоԼΪֱߵţֻʮһϲΪΪԼʱȴһͣסˣƷҽƷף
ֻƷ׵ʵһΪһƷأΪƷˣñֱʸƷ϶ѣײҲǲʮһΪֹͣɵſĴЦ
ʮһɫҲһЩƷʵȻѾǺܸˣ¶и˵ĶҲͬƷʹƷ۷壬ʮһţԼ򲻹ҲԿܵõһǴϹһ֣ܵ
ǣǰײȴһʵҲƷϵı̫һԼﵽƷʦҲ޷Ĵڣ
ֻǣʹ򲻹ΣԱҲҪסͷϹѾͷһ·Ļᣬʮһ뵽׼Աʱȴǿһȴ߳һӰ֮ǰײ϶սߵŮӣ
ŮͻȻ֣ʹʮһ͹ײȫǽĿ⿴Ȼ֮ǰŮ͹ײǶģǣⲢܱ֤ԷͻԼԣʮһ
ײȴǲŮʮһֻȴ£ԷԼӵʱͻȻ͵ϮԼ


932 
Ůûйϵ£ɱ֮㣡ײϾȷˣŮ˵
裡ֻǻشײϵģȴŮٴеĴߣçŮһȣ˲ŹײϷȥԼȴһֱӾ˹ײϵԣһƾǴ˳ȥ
Ů㲻Ҫ̫ţֲǴ򲻹㣡ײϼŮȻ˵ֱӾǶˣɵñףȭӭҪһȭȰߺֻȴڰе߾ȻһתʮһϹˣ
һĻʮһҲһ׼ӭͬʱлŶԷ޳ܣԸԼȻˣıʱ򣬾Ǽֻߣǵǰ״ͣڵһվѾǴһŮ͹ײϣ
ߣʼնûпʮһôһۣʮһһĻ֮ҲεķѾǾٵһ˫֣
㱻һ߸ˣʮһ󣬿һĻϹ꣬ȴ͵͵ĳЦʮһ
ϹĻʮһתͷСһۣҲǾеŮųԼİԼٴһ㣡
ŽսеˣʮһһǿҵĿʵƷɼʵôײҲͲ򲻹ˣ֮У
˼֮ʮһ֣Ůе㴦·ƣԼһĻֵһ֮ʮһȴǿȷˣΪǰŮѾֻܵȻᣬǻʱˣ
ľ֮࣬ʮһҲǽ֣ŮΪɶԼŮӮˣӦöɱԼȻĻԷαطأ
ǣһŮҪ˵ĻôײӮ֮󣬿϶һڰԼҲɱǾԲģ
ͻȻ䣬ʮһ뵽һֻȴûжôţĸʹùԣҲ֪ûЧ
Ĭھ˫ضս֣һ̶ŹڵȣһѵĻᣡ
ֻֻһΣеĻôײϣûʹõڶεĻᣬԣʮһԵúǽ
һԵϹ꣬Ȼ֪ʮһʲôȴҲ֪ʮһ϶ҪʲôԣҲûгԴţ
ڣڹײһһȭ֮׼ʱʮһ˫֮оһбһ
Ǿһֳ֮ʮһԼȴһɫήңһѪ˳˶ʧȥ֧һ㣬ҡҡλεģһӾͻˤƵģϹһֱעʱסѾһͷԵˣ
ʮһֳڣһεͬʱ׼Ĺײϵ˫֣ȴͻȻôһ£һӶ
һӵʱĺ̵̺̣ܶܶͨ˵ȥκ飬ǶŮȼľ˵ȴ㹻ܶˣ
˵һƴڹײϵλãֱӾʹùײƺһ
Ůһ֮󣬲ûٴνΪΪѾûбҪˣڽֵĻײҲĶˣһ㹻Էһϵˣ⻹Ϊײϵʵ̫ǿԵʣҪǻһƾѾˣ
ʱĹײҲѾǿԶˣҲѾǲղһĻȫ֮ǰͲһ˵СģԣʱĹײ϶ʮһĺ⣬Ǵ˴һƵŮ
ʮһȻҲǲ˹ײŨҵĺ⣬ֻȴͲں֮꣬ǰСүûǵ㣬ҪɱأСүںӰ
ŮǱˣҲҪ֪㲻ȴ֮Ȼģײһһӣ֮ǰһߵĹײİǾֱķɵУ
˭УŮڹײϵĻȴֻĻһ䣡
ŮĻظײȴûٽӻתͷʮһ˵СӣҼסˣԺñҿ㣬ȻĻһܵģ
УΪСүŴ𣿡ڷźݻʲôģʮһʹû˹أŹײϾǱһָӿȥҪжţ
ߣʮһĻײȴһһʧˣ
ڹײ뿪֮ŮҲˣʮһһ۶ûУһͬߵģߣ
ҲصɣʮһְתϹ˵һ䣬ϹĲһһߣ
ȥʱ򣬾ûʱôˣȵ˻صʱѾˣҾȻ棬֮ǰԱߣһֻɫڿʳţ


933 ܷ
ǰô죿ϹɫҲǿֻɫǣе㾪ֵĶʮһ˵
ʲôʮһֻһۣǿ˳ֻɫѾһеˣֻȥŸոγڵѣ
㲻öң֪ö֮ٸץһֻͨҾˣʮһشϹĻתͷŽ䱸Ŀİɫ˵
ˣȥ˯ɣ㣡ſڣʮһϹԸ
㡭Ϲ꿴ֻǲûжͼҲʮһ˵ĻͻȻ˼ĿʮһΪʮһ˵˼ʮһǴſģֵʮһƼأֻǽʮһһڵĻδе̫ˣοͬʱȥ˵Ļֻ˱һ
˼ˣȥɣʮһȻϹԥʲôһ˶ԷĶͷϣƽڣ
ʮһʹģڵϹŶͷίĽСԴ̽˳
Ҫٲȥ˯ĻҿɾҪȥһ˯ˣ˯ʱְŰϲģʮһϹǸίСģ¶һ˿Цͬʱһ˫ǹڶԷתתȥ
åȥɣʮһĻϹֱӾǽͷУһ½ãһ֮󣬱ǲ˵ˣ
ʮһȴ΢΢Цһ£Ǿôǰߵʯͷϣʱʹط֮ĺ֢ҲѾǳ˳ȴҲûʲôĵģȻɽ֮У޺ֻϿǻŲٷأ
ο£һģǲȥ˵ģ
ңʮһڵԺлһ⣬ǾǹνĹײϵ飬صĹײΪҪٰɱ˵ӣ
˿ܲʶײǼٰ˭ȴ֪Ϊʶǰüϵ
֮ǰΪ˲¶ԼʶԷٰˣʮһҲһֱûбֳȴһֱеģ
Ů˵˼ײǰòģһҲǿ϶ģײ˵ҪָʵΪʲôƣ
ѵνĴƸüϵйϵʲôƻҪ԰ü˵ͨüϵֻǸƷʦѣǹײϵʵ֪Ҫ߳ƷٱˣûƵıҪ
üϵҲԲǹײϵĶֵİ
ֻǣƻüûйϵĻͽͲͨײҲĵֵزϲٰ˰
ȥʮһԽԽңԴҳһŽˣ
ʮһ˼ʱǰɫѾܿˣھȻֻˣ󻹸һֻѩѩ׵С꣡
Ҳ벻ʲôֲʮһԾǹ۲ֻǺͺֻ꣬꾹ȻҲˣҿӺӦǿҪͻƵˣ
Ľǣÿ첻թֻĳļһʮһ˵
ܷ𣿡ʮһ˵֮һŮʮһʶĻعͷȥΪϹѾͷ˵أǻعͷ֮ȴʲôҲûз֣һԸܵϹƽȵĺѾ˯˵ģ
˭ٸ˵Ӧ֮ʮһתͷǺͺ꣡
ں˵ˣͷǻ˵أСԻվһֱǰצԵĴǵԴ
໣ǺǲĻ˻ԴСͺһ
Ǻǣ޲Ҫ˧ſԽ𣿡ʮһһһϣЦʵ
㻹ûлشҵأôأСʮһ֮ȴһҲµӣֱӾǴܵʮһǰŸСԴѯʵ
ȷʵкܶෳգʮһ⻹ǵһθһô˵ȻˣФɽųˣ
ôǲӦشҵأʮһشԷĻ󣬵ЦſСѯʵ
ΪҴСĻشܼҲֱӣֻشȴ˺̫ˣ
ǲ𣿡ʮһǿС˵
߽˵㲻ǻˣСĻشȴʹʮһ±ˣ
߽˭Ůɣ
ʮһСʱɽһѨڣǿ˵ŮڶѨվţ
ŮǰȴһһӰ׵һֻСģͷһϸϸӡǣСĨ裡


934 
ɫģһԲһ㣬ȻԲϳ٣ֻȴû֫ȥ죡
ǧ֮Լ𣿡ŮǰһһףɫĶԱȣţ
Ѿ𣿡ŮǽĿ⿴ɫԲѰһ䣡
ѾˣֻȴĶûйϵΪС˵Ǹպƾ֮ˣɫԲȻˣֻ˵Ȼһɣߵ
Ҳ֪νĲֻ֣֪ðƬɽ齻ǸˣΪǶĺˣŮܱ䣬ֻȴҲ͸һɼһɾͷƣ
ô꣬飬Żһֱȥģû飬һû˼ʬģɫԲŮǵ˵
ǲһΪе룬ԸԼŮ˫ɨĨͺɫԲ򣬼˵һϧʵһǲϧֻΪһֱڼֵνƻ
Ҳ֪ǶʲôƻҲ֪Ǻǵļƻ׶ΪʲôֻҲⳡƻУҵĳŵ֮Ժֻǿˣ
ðɣҿԸ㣬һʹסȻ󽻸Ǽһһ׿ھĲǲӴԺֻһӣ˵ҲһӵʬʼģûʶĴ֣һֱû˵ĨǿˣֻǴʱҲֱǸŵĲһС죡
ǣ֮һȥģŮƺںС컰ŵ̬ȣȻǱ飬һĶǰ㣡
Ϊ֮ɣһҪȥСһЩȥСŮĻҲûзʲôһ仰һӰɽѾǲ֪ܵȥˣ
ɫԲȴǵ̾˿˵⼸УһǺúõڿһɽеķ羰ɣ
Ƭ֮䣬ɽھֻʣŮһˣֻתŽһֱӵĴ˵ԺƬɽͽˣҪȥұƴרΪȶһ£ҲǿԱεģС϶Աˣ
ʲôãôߵһο˵֮ȴǴЩĲм
һߵʮһʱȴѾСǱ˰ˣ̸֮УʮһҲ֪ˣСС꣬еǸ߽㣬֮ǰһŮ
СҲһֱϣʮһԴһȥ磬ȴʹʮһеΣҪǱһֻ꣬ȥﶼɣ
󣬻С˵˰취ǾԲʮһɽͼУȿֿԶأȵԱεʱ򣬾һⶼûˣ
ʮһȻһɻĿС꣬˵ô֪ģ
ΪҴôС겻֪أСʮһ֮ȴǷһЦǵ˵
໣
ʱǽһӹֻղ׽ҰζȻǲˬĿʮһǸоͺʮһƵģ
ʮһҲǻڸһֻŮѰɣһ뵽Ů˵ʲôأоǸоĿ־壡
ֻתһ룬ʮһǻζˣӦǸСйϵɣǾûа취ˣǴ£
뵽ʮһĿһ۴ǣҡҡͷ
ҺƸ뿪֮ʵʵɣʲôʱԻ˾ңСתӣһԾ˴ǵԴϣվ˵
ԼҲץҰζʲôҪ֮ǰأʮһŵֻǻŵҰζСʵ
ĳ㰡ôôСʾʮһ׽
ɣǺһ£죬ǸץʱһԺòãʮһЦŶС˵֮ԼʹҪϵķȥץԵģδҲе̫˷ˣ
ãô˵ˣСͬĵ˵ͷµĴԴ˵ȥץֻͷԵģ
ȵץһֻʨ֮ʮһеһοһֻǺͺҪʨӵģ㹻ľͷ֮ʮһȫһȻóһֻȼˣ
峿ʱϹһζת˹ĵ̽СԴǿʮһһֻǻһֻΧŻأ
ˣҪҪԶʮһͷ֪ϹˣɵЦʵ
ۣǳΪ𣿡Ϲʮһк֮С˻ԣһ߿Żһʵ


935 
λƯС˵
˵𣿾Ȼ˵̫ˣܸɵ˵ˣҲÿɰϹСĻ֮󣬲ûбֳʲôԵúǿĺ˷ܣ˵ĻҲʹʮһһһ׵ģ
󣬾ǿϹںССĽ̸һЩʲôϹǱСһȥˣߵʱ򣬻͵͵ĿһʮһʮһȥƵģ
ǽһ¸ô𣿡ʮһСֹһ䣬Լקһֻȳ
ļ죬ʮһ޾ôĹţҲ⣬תʱǹȥˣ
ٴԼʮһ΢΢Цһ£ǽɽͼ˳ɽͼٴƬɽĸӦԼȴǽؽ״̬
ʮһԼǲǵôʲôʱʼֻҪһпʱԼͻȥˣ·飬Ѿ޷κεȤˣ
ҹʱ֣ϹѾ˯ȥˣСʹҲĵˣΧˣûУ
ңÿϣǻʱʱĳֵļкǺʱ˿̣ҲȫʧˣܾĹأ
𣿡֮еʮһ˫ۣǰµȼŵļƻ磬ڻԱߣǲ֪ʱһӰ
֪һǸӰʮһʵ
֮Ѿµңֻǲ֪ʱΪ£ʮһҲվŶ˵ͻȻֵ˲ˣǵվһŮ
ɽͼģŮʮһǰʮһŵɽͼʵ
Ȼʮһĵһͷش
ƬɽΪѰģŮʵ
ҵõãҲĻǿһЩ˴֮ϵͿˣʮһȻ֪ŮҪʲôǻûѡ
ҺʽΣŮǵ˵ͷʮһʵ
ʲôףСȴһ£ʮһûɵֱӻش𣬶ѯһ䣡
ҽƬɽ齻㣬һһѵʬʼ֣Ů֪ʮһôһƵģֱӾǻظʮһ
ʮһŮĻ󣬺Եĺʼˣ鶼¶һ˿ƣֻڹ˶ݵ֮ʮһǿԼ侲
Ҫʲôʮһһ֮󣬿ŮʵûѵͣУǲ׼ģһ壡
ӾǻָˣһΪֱӼɵأŮǿʮһһ£Ȼ˵䵽ʮһĶкǳ
Ҫĺܼ򵥣ʬʼָֻǵʱһŮһЦʮһ
ʬʸԼѵ㲻𣿡ʮһûֱӻشԷ⣬Ƿһ䣡
ǺǣȷʵԼҲȷʵʣ֮󣬲Ǳһʬ𣿵ʱǻָǣҲѾˣѾʬ壬޷ǾһӵʬѣŮ˵ͷشʮһɻ
Ҫ˵һ⣬ܻģҾ֪ҪƷɼſԻóģҲұ֤ʲôʱԴﵽʵʮһĿŮ˵Լﻰ
û⣬ҿԵ㣬һָҲҪܳʱ䣬ŵʱҲӦƷˣŮʮһĻȴǺܲں
֪Ϊʲô˵ģ֮ʧܶ࣬Ҳָ֪ʱ䣬һҽĵУǾԶ޷ˣԣҪ֪ԭ򣡡ʮһ˫ŶԷ༫ˣҲ漫ˣ
ΪҲΪ˵ӣԸⲼǵ£ͻȻֵ뷨ӦòǼ֮еĲˣŮʮһ˵ϣسŵȻڽ뵽ǵ֮УϣֱΥŵɱ㣡
ǣһֶǽƺõĲ֮УĽҲǵУȻسŵͬʱȴΪԼֻҪܹɾҲǿʵ
ʹ㵽ʱгŵҲѳǵ֣֪һˣײΥŵģΪǽѭµǱǻȥ
Ϊβѧһһ֮أҲ֪Լڱпֻһӣȴ֣ƾֶҵû˿գңʮһŮĻð⣬Ůʵ


936 
ǵȺԸûУֻҪܱͿԣʹһĴﵽ־磬Ҳ㿴ڽյϣ뿪֣ŮʮһĻ󣬺ݺݵıһ£û뵽ʮһȻôĺԸһƷƷˣȻҪ֣ƾֶ
ȻһдԵ֮ˣǲһ˰
ֻŮȻô˵ţȴûΪʮһƾֶΪ֪Ĳ֮УȫʮһȥֿģʹʮһƷȻܹ
ҵľѪҲȡһΣǩһԼɣĻԺͿԳ׵ĿˣŮָüĴһ㣬һΰɫѪҺǸϣ
ʮһȡһξѪһӡȥʱ򣬶ʱһҫ۵ĺâ𣬱ǽʮһŮȫУ
жһŮĸӦʮһЦһ£ǿԼֱϣһߵͼŮı壡
ھֱӽڵг㣬ֻҪӽɽͼбǿˣŮ˵˫ֽӡ׼ԼĶͷ
𼱣һһ⣡ʮһȴǼæֹ˵㽫֮󣬵һʲô״̬ǻɱ޹ǻ
ǻһûģֻ֪Ĵ֣ʲôҾʲôȻ˵ȴҲ洦߶ȥӣûͬһӰһ㣬죡Ůʮһ֮󣬳һ£ʮһ˵
Ҳ˵Ժֻһ˵ʮСʱҪ롭ʮһ˵˵ţͻȻǻЦ
һָ֮󣬻ɱģŮ붮ʮһ˼û˵ԣû˵ԣȴֻǵ˵һ䣬ôһ䣬ȴŵʮһһӣ
꣬ʻʬʣԼȵİʹԼԴﵽʦ֮ҲԲлģ
ˣ㣬ԺƺСɣŮ˵䣬˫ֻ裬ʮһĿɿڴУһ˶ͷüĴһץץһŵķŽݸʮһ
˽ɫâʮһҲǼæץסֱӾӽչɽͼ֮УսɫâɽͼУʮһǸоɽͼڵƺһŨʮ˵ģֻĻʮһ;һҪܶ౶
ʹЭҲѾɣʶҲڽɢٴγʶʶָ֮ǰúô֮С˵仰˫۽ˣնģһʬһ㣡
СࣿʮһС֮󣬳ŽһǿСתͷֻȴû˵Ҳûκεı飡
ʮһ֪СΪԼĴˣֻȴȻţһе̫ͻȻˣҵ飬һƾ޹ʵĵõһ֣ܲ
ôʮһӿʼǾãŮɵˣŻȾģԼƷʵڼϿԿһƬɽ飬˭ʹ˾һҪǵĶ붼룬͸ǻȥˣ
ǣţʮһһ⣬ǾǣԼţ˰ʲô´ɽʲô죬Сѣ
ֻǣ֪ʹĴϺͰӰ֯ľ᲻Ȼѹǣ
ͨЩ֮ʮһǲŻȥҼȥˣΪѾǱ֮ˣȻˣץʵҪҲﵽƷƷҲУʱԻһ
ڹڵľ֮ţǵȸ־ȻǱһĵĹʸأ˵ԷСͬƷǾ˭ǿ˭Ͳ˵ˣ
ػһ£ʮһС˵һ֮󣬱һɽͼڣɽͼ֮ʮһһǸʥˮɽϣһĽɫâԼһԳС
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Ը֮ʮһһţɽͼеߵϣﻹǰ˹ɽҲɽͼк벿ɽҲǰ󲿷ֵĽ㣬ǰֻô׵ɽ嶥ˣʮһӿһ˿Ȼ


937 غ
ת䣬ʮһּ䣬ǰǳһľͷɵľݣȻȥǼªȴǳζ
ɽͼУʮһǾԵףּ䣬ɽҲΪ֮ŪôһľݣΪԺûµʱ򣬾ͽڷܱðɣ
ͻȻ䣬ʮһ˫һӡһſȥɽͼڵĿռ任һ£һӣһӰֱ֣ʮһǰ
ӰСֱ࣬ʱʮһע⵽ԭСྐྵǴһɫʱɢһͷīֳŮĸо
֮ǰȴһֱûע⵽ΪڶԷǿʵǰѾ޷ȥעˣ
СҲǿԽʮһǿģӵĻԺСûµʱͿˣȻԼȷԷ״̬Բ
ɣǱߵһҪǲʵĻͰʰһǣʮһٴηԸһ֮󣬱뿪ɽͼʱһ֮У
ʮһȻԭղСٳֵһ˲䣬ǲһ磬ԼȻһӦûУǲν󰡣
ǰƬѾʧȥػɽʮһȴٴԼɽͼдڵ⣬Ǿû½棬ֻ½Ҫôأ
벻ͨͲԭʮһٴϥʼȻһжѾ㶨ˣǣʮһȴҲ뿪ΪѵһôĵطΪβúõһأ
ʮһ״̬ʱ򣬴׺СҲֻˣվʮһĲԶ
أɫѾеҪˣʮһҲٴйһϣʱһһâȴֱӷ˹ǵɫӰֱӾʮһϣ
ˣȥˣվԼϵĨ裬ʮһץԷ֮ᵽԼǰʵ
ݡݣʮһĻĨƺܲȻˣһָǸһĺɫ壡
룬ѣиԣʮһ˳ĨСצӿȥһԲ״ĺɫ壬Ϊʲô˵ǲأΪû֫ξһԲһҪʲôͬĻǺɫģϱ߶˼©
⼸ɫԲˣ
ĨʮһĻ֮ȴֻСצӲͣıȻͬʱǺɫԲ
ʮһǿĨĽǺɫԲȻƮʮһǰҿӣƺܺĨĸо
ĨָָʮһĶӣָָɫԲ򣬶ʮһĴֻ֣СצƴԼǰһֻҰĴɣ
ȥǸʲô˼㲻˵ץģȻҳɣʮһַʾ۰ȫǿµģ˭ת
ݣ
ʮһԼĻ֮󣬾ǿĨͷеģȻҪԼԼ¶ˣֻʮһȴûио¶˵Ŀģһֵˣ
øúƵģҳҿӳ֮ͱˣǸǲܳ԰ʮһҡͷĨ˵
ʮһ˵֮󣬾ǿĨһƵģȻͣʮһҪ˵ʱȴֻСĨֻצһץס˺ɫԲֱˣ֮һƣֱӴʮһڣ
Ĩ㡭ʮһֻü˵ô֣Ǽæ۾뵤ΪǺɫԲѾǿʼŰˣȫȥѹƣȻĻΣˣ
ʮһȫѹƲʱĨҲûţСצҲ֪ǴץһſŲҩֱӾǻһɹɵҩֱʮһڣ
ʮһȻҲǸܵСĨľٶҸΪǣԼҪѹǹʱ򣬵֮ڵΪĻɫ壬Ȼӿ˹ǹɺɫԲɵȻһһıɫţ
ټĨ費ϵĴһһҩڵĻɫ徹Ȼڼӿյٶȣˣе̫ͼڣȻʼ˻ת̫ͼתһ˿˿Ļɫ徹Ȼһ㣬ʼӿֳ
һĻʮһһǿĵĴصĻɫĿʮһǷǳģڵĻɫ壬һԴԴϣھϼ죬ʮһҲţһֱָӷ˶Է
ʱĴ˳нţֱĨ費ټҩ֮һʱʮһ˫ۣ˫۵һ˲䣬ǡó


938 شģ
ͬʱʮһ˫֮ȴһɫĹâһ³һ֮վվСĨ裡
Ĩ軹С죿ô֪ڵĻɫģ
ݣĨʮһʻ֮һӾǴܵʮһĻСԴͣعʮһҸѣȣ
аķϣͷŹˣʮһСĨȣǶϹƵģ޷ֿ
ݣСĨҲƺʮһĻ֮󣬾צʾʮһɽͼг
ʮһɽͼгСĨವһ˽ȥʮһЦһ֮󣬱ǿʼϹС椿ȥˣΪڵһСѾͷҪˣ⼸ĽӴһ⣬С椾һĳԻÿ۾ǳŶˣ
ҲʮһԤϵǰ㣬ʳŸոտ죬ǴϹԺ
ʮһҶˣ
Ѿˣȥ׼һ¾͹԰ɣʮһͷҲûص˵
ʱСҲſζ˹ԭ֮ǰһֱ⸽ģڿʮһʱ򣬾ȥץһ֧ɽȻӸʮһˣʮһҲһȫˣ
ʵָ𣿡Ϲ֮󣬴ʮһùһˮˮϴ֮ʮһԣСʵ
ָˣˣҪҪ뿪ʮһһͻȻԼﻹһҪأܲϹһֱԼԭʼƵİûҲûбʲô
ԼЩȫνԼÿֻƾһֱȥҲһоģǣС椹Ҫ˶þͻᱻģ
𣿡ϹʮһĻǴʮһнӹһֻȣСڵҧһ֮󣬶ʮһѯʵ
˰ɣʮһ˵ͷ
ŶǾͳȥҲаϹٵľ׽˼֮󣬽Խȥ֮󣬶ʮһͷ˵
Լ뿪ҿСʹ׻ȥģһҪһʱ䣡ʮһҡͷ˵ָָǱ߳Ե˵Сʹף
ʲô㷳𣿡ϹʮһĻȴüëһСһץʮһĶϣһһ㣬Ҫ뺷ж뺷
ιιιעòãһĺòãʮһ۵ģһӣϽϹÿˣ
㲻𣿡ȴ֪ϹʮһĻڿƵģͣشʮһǵһβżʮһƵģ
ʲô񲻺ô㿴ʮһ˫һɣϹ˵
԰ҲǸˣôͽһأҾͲ˰ϹȻĿʮһ
ֻһһʮСʱеİӻû˸˵㻹൱ֻһ˰ʮһŤͷʮһ˵
һʮСʱҪϹɻĿʮһʵ
ţԾˣҲ϶Ǵһ˵״̬㿾Եʱ򣬻˵仰ģʮһ˵ͷϹ˵
ʱҸ˵Ӱ쵽𣿡Ϲ꿴ʮһѯʵ
ǵǲӰ죡ʮһһ£Ϲ˵
ǾͿ˰ҿԱ߶˵ϹνĶʮһ˵
Ҳһش㰡ʮһĿϹش
ش𰡣ȴ֪Ϲһʮһ󣬻һʮһҭĻ

ҸղŸСȥתһȦûжԶҾ߲ˣΪСȻȥŸߴǰ֪Ƭɽģǧ׵ĺأ붼ۣ
ԺǲҪ˺òãҿһֻɫСӣÿɰ
ӽ쿪ʼҾСȥɽȻȵʱ͹ңÿ춼µصסǿŶ
̸֮ڣϹʮһ̸صݣֻʮһʱϹԼ˵ġ
һµʱ䣬Ϲÿ϶ʮһԱ߱£˵ԻĽһС飡
ʱ䣬ԷʱϹҲ˷ܵʮһ̸ʮһҲʱʱĵЦԷһ£ǵϹȭӵͬʱ߲ѣ
һʱ䣬ʮһһԿĵĳϹ꣬ѯʵһ˰ɣжԶˣ
С˵Ѿ쵽ٹˣɣϹб۾һ֮󣬻ش֮лһ˿˷ܡ


939 ȥ
ʲô񣿶ٹѾԶ˺ʶ֮ǰߵ·һûʮ֮һࡣ㲻ˣϹʮһĻ󣬵һֻ־ʮһĶ䣬Ƶģ
ܲŮƵģҪǵȻص˳УʶЩ˿϶ҰŮɺģʮһİһϹ꣬СԽԽˣʱʱǶ֣⻹˵ã
ȥ֮˵ȥģһȥأѩİȫҲû⣬СܣԼȥɳˣϹʮһһۣ˵
ŶҪȥ˰Ҳȥ𣿡ʮһתͷϹ꣬Цʵ
ʲôʱȥϹʮһĻһ䡣
ʮһȴǲɵһ£ԭΪϹѾͷԼĻֵĺܸ˵ӣȴû뵽ǵûиˣһį
Լһܰɣʱֱӻذ׶ΪﻹеҪʮһӦ֮󣬻شϹ⡣
ɽҪٵʱ䣿ϹȴǷһ䡣
һʱʮһȻ֪ϹΪʲôôʣһºش
ļ죬ϹһԼʮһҲÿ쿾⣬ȻԼüӵʱȥϹ껨һߵļ֮⣬ϹԼ˵һЩʲô
ʮһҲһ⣬ǾԼʱ򣬾ȻĿԲԱ˵Ӱ죬Ҫ֪ԼʼϹ˵Ӱ죬ֻΪСĲô˵ģû뵽ھȻĲӰˣ
賿޳꿾֮ϹûɽǲɾС֮һЦĿʮһ
ôʲôҸ˵ҪʲôǷ֮룬ҿղģʮһ˫ֱǰһֵ飬̬ͺϹһͻƵģ
ޣٳ㣬ȥɽҪճϹʮһһۣʮһ޳ܺͲҪѾǼֲˡ
仹УճĻȷ컹𣿡ʮһѾܸ˵̫ĿϹꡣ
䣬ճòãϹСԴĿʮһ
ðɣǾٶһɣʮһʶһ¶ԷСԴͷӦʵ
ʮһǴϹ꣬һ·ۣɽȥĻӰһһ㣬һСһ㣬Ǵ׺Сˡ
Ȼʮһ˵һʱ֮󣬶վ˴Ƭɽߵ㴦ƬɽϹԵһ㼤ڼͬʱҲһ˿˿Ϯġ
ʮһǻһůʹòô䣬Ϲ֮ǽԼԷˡ
ȥһ´׺ʹڰɣֹһ֮СһӰһվʮһǰ˵
ô£ʮһС꽹̬ѯʵ
Һʹʱ򣬿ںϵǸһˣ׼״ȥæˣֻϵѾ۷ˣڶ򲻹ǸɵӳȥҾ͸ϽˣСٵĽ齲һ顣
СеĴڣ֮ǰС൱ӵߣ
·ʮһĻشܼ̣סϹϸ˵Ҵȥ
ߣʮһȻûʲôøУǿСϣҲҪܰͰһ£ȻԷһ۷壬ܻ򲻹ȴҲ£͵ˣʵڲУͰСг
ʮһȷʵ֪ǣ±ڻеϹ꣬ȴ͵͵ĿϹЩ˼ҵӰӾǶŮ˵ģһ㶼Ǵȥģ֮ȫģһȻԼ˵ҪԼȥ
һļһ
ߵľٺˣڸܳȥûԶʮһѾԽСܵǰȥˣΪѾǿԸоõǰߴˣԣҲС·ˡ
գ۵ʱ䣬ʮһѾսȦԱߣôʱս˫ҲͣһֵĹ
ŶڴѾ˺۵ĴףʮһҡҡͷһȻȥһ۷ĸƣܻҲ漣ˡ
ڴǰĴߣҲǴڣʱϵϢҲһ㲻ȶˣղŵĽҲܵһ̶ȵơ
վǶֻȴǾҪöˣɢϢңƷ۷ƽȵɢš
ô£ʮһ¿һ۳ϵ֮תͷŴʵ֮ûʴڣΪʮһҲ֪һΪС飬һֱԼܲˬ


940 һ
ϵҪڵΪ֮ǰĵططҪŨĺܶ࣡ʮһѯ֮󣬸ʮһһ顣
׻˵Ҳһ֮ǰŸոѧģΪʮһץһֻ˧ҰԵˣŻ˵ģʵ˵ҲѾǿҪͻˣ
˭飬ʲôʱֵһˣο㻹ֻһƷѣϵ³򣬶ʱһصɰʯͻҳǲмĿʮһ˵
˭»ֲһֻʣʮһһϹվһԣԼڵǰֱŶϵ
ϺȻ㣬ǻȥǰֻȻһ㣬ʵеģʮһĴ߶ʮһ˵Ȼȥǵʮһģȴ˭óڳʮһûʵأ
ֻɵôʮһûдϺڵĳתͷϵֻЦ˵
ҴģƾʲôҴģʲôҴģϵǼֻͣһͺһ˫ֵƵģ
㿴עôʮһһһǳСƿ֮ϣһƿʮʥˮ
ʲô͢ʥˮ𣿡ϵϺڼͬ˵˳֮г˾ȺͲš
ʶͺ˵ˣһñ᲻ʶأʮһȻûֱӻشһһߵ⣬һַǳŲмһ˵
ôأôģϵԵúǼֻ۾жǷˣֹâ̰
Ҫѵ㻹Ҫ𣿡ʮһװܾȵӣ⾪лһ˿ľ֡
˵ˣʥˮҪˣүҲǲģһǺȥϵһȲʤȯӣһжѾһ㡣
⵹Ҳϵ뷨ǿľˣȻԼĶ֣ôʣµ⼸͸ʲôӵˣһƷƷ޶ѣοƥɵǶѾˣ
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ҪٳˣΪһȥ𣿡ϵϺڵĻ󣬲ɵ÷һЦϸзһ
ţ˾ֻϵֻȻһ㣬ǰٵıȻ˼£ȻӾǽһӡǴԼϣ
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츳ʲôʮһ˿ûбֳȵӣֻҪǱɵɼǾʲôùԣϺڵĻ󣬷ǲѯһ䡣
ÿһ嶼Լ츳ֻҪǴﵽ˧ǿԣֻҪʩչ츳ǱҪ֮еĻſԣϺʮһѯʣûһ˿ҵɫɵõͳŸʮһš
Ҳ˵ɵǸ壿ʮһһºʵϺڵͷϵʱ򣬲ɵ˵Ҳ̫ˣֻɵ񶼻Ǹأ㾹Ȼ嶼ûлϣ
Ϊ˭Եһ֮Уֻһǻ壬ʹе츳ͨϺʮһȻҳɵúǲĽš
ǣʮһȴǴϺڵĻץסʣдɻͬʱҲһ˿˿Ĳ²⡣
Ƭɽػǰֻ֮ǰǸʵģѾˣô֮ǰطӦһʵߵסһλشʮһĲϺڣվڶѾ任ϵϵ
ֻԭϵվλϣϵӰÿһ϶˸ŵİ׹⣬ÿһƶ֮ǰϵȫͬҲ˵ԭʮһֻҪһƷ۷壬ȴҪ
˼˵Ƭɽ֮УǸˣʮһһϵ֮ѯʵ
ߣʲڣƬɽұǵ֮ĵһˣϵһͬ˵ǰ
ǵҲǣʮһͬĵ˵ͷڶԷ¶ʶʱȴǽŻһת˵ֻ֮жѣСүֻǵڶˣ
Ż£ʮһһһ˦˳ȥֱߵǸϵӰȥ


941 
ַ˦ȥһ˲䣬һָŴͬߵֻϵȥ
ʮһĹȻЩͻȻϵϾ۷ʵôᱻʮһ͵Ϯأ
ֻֻϵͻȻһΣӰǷɢ˿֮ƽʮһΧм䣬Ҳöʮһոյ
֪ɣϵʮһȳ͵ϮǷŭһֻ֮ͬʱӶʱ䣬һ쫷Ƿʮһվλϯ
żдɰʯ쫷磬Ϻڵֻ˸һ˿صĿ⣬ʮһȴ溬Цݣ˿Ϊ⡣
˫ֿٱ䶯һӡǴֻӡȴǴԷǴϹ꣬ʱһɫâϹС
ӡΪӡȻǷеǸӡȴҲһּǿķӡʮһɽ֮Уݷ̵Ľӡڼ֮γɵһȫµӡ֣ʮһȥˡ
ӡɵĽɫâϹеʱʮһϺ˵סԼ
仰ʮһͲϺȥʲôˣϹѾǱסˣֽӡڵĻɫ˳žӿȥ
ָɽСָɱʮһᣬܵȴֳȫ壬ϵ񣬸ʮһ仰ʱϵë
Ϊʮһ仰ʱϵоԼֻƣ˲ǱˣȻȫˣǹʮһȥȴǱ׵Ļˣ
ǹ˲䣬һɱ֮ԼϮһֱĵɱʹƷ۷ǲɵһȫëϸѪܶᵽһӦϢɱ
ͻȻ䣬ʮһֻϵ춯̧ͷϿտȥжʱ󾪣Ҳ˲ʲôˣһξҪ뿪ֻȴܵĿռ侹Ȼסˣ
Ͽղ֪ʱֻɫָһ϶ԼһɫɵСĴָϵг׵ĻˣȲ˵Сָĺ˵ƣֻöԼѾ㹻˵һˣ
ʮһǵģϵ͸ҿ϶ԲǺɵģĿԼˣ
ѪۿǻɫСĴָԼԽԽϵĿͬʱһǿϵϣͬʱһѪӣһѪȪһŰ
Ѫֻϵ壬ȻһκһֻǺһ֮ȴȻǸͷֻСĴָӰ
ֻʱٴκһϵȴȫͬˣ֮ǰ˲ֹһΣ

ٴһϵֻſѾҪСĴָǻ˳ȥ
飡
ϵһȣһը˾ǿϵϿգһűըನɢűըģǻɫСָ飬֮ĻϵӳȥֻƮɢ˿˿Ѫ
ԭڸղǶݵײ֮£ϵȻˣȻȥֻǳһƤˣȴеˣҪ֪ϵϺڵĶԿУûܵ˿˺ģ
һ֮ʮһûٴνϵҲվԭزһһôţʱŰϺںϹģϵ֮ǰķ籩ҲǸոպȫɢȥ
ұԲ˵ģʹĺǿϵŶʮһƵӣ˵
ȷʵʮһ˵ͷ˵㻹ˣ
ʮһĻϵеΪʮһ˵ȷʵʵԼһʼ⣬Ҫ÷ٽսսȻȥûܵʵֻбս֮һŻᱻʮһһУסˣ
ߣݺݵĵһʮһ֮󣬶һ˫һӱ뿪ˣӰʧʱȴƮ˵Ķһ仰ʮ֮ڣ˵Ҳռ
ˣȻϵô˵ǿ˵ģ糿ҾҪ뿪ˣҪ˭ҵģԼɽȥңʱұ뿪ʮһϵԶȥӰŤͷһԵϺںС꣬Լ˵һ䣡
ʮһ֣ʾϹץˣǴϹٵɽȥ
˵ɽ֮󣬸ɽХ磬ʮһϹãǲһССů󣬿ʹôʺů磬ͺյǰ㣡
ƾӦûʱҪҪڴһ᣿ʮһԼϹ꣬˵


942 ȥ
ģȿҪʱҽ㣡Ϲȴ΢΢ҡһͷЦ˵
Ǻðɣʮһ˵ͷֱϯضٴֻȴһãͬʱһ߻ڻ֮ǰϵԺһ£
һȴǻҪԵϹ꣬ੲݵ
ӸղŵĽУʮһȷǣϵʵѾ۷ˣ֮ͬϺںФɽȫһȼģ
ԼղһʽСָɱȥƺȻʹ˳ȥȴֻԼ֪һʽжһϵĳ´ɽĻʮһһƵпܴöԷɢģ
ϵȴǲûȡʲôЧϾϵΪԼʹһµģһָ֮ʵսϵ񣬶ԼһУȴֻôһ£ԼԷʵжֲˣ
ʮһи²⣬͵ֻ֮һӲԼһʽСָɱҲӵֻ˶ѣ˵ͬʱһ𹥻ԼĻԼҲضˣ
ϾҪˣˣһ֮ϹһĴĸ첲һ߶˵
ʮһϹĻвɵ÷˸ֲۣɵһ컹ûأôôʱأ
ȷϾҪˣʮһһ죬򵥵ĵϢһۣ֮һͷԼϹЦʵ
ٺ٣ͻسͱˣ˵һϵĻɣõճϹͻȻСŮһ㣬ԵЩߣ˫ץʮһֱۣҡ˵
سйسУʲôϵʮһϹգŸ۾ԼɵеܲС˵ĳӣЩʵ
ʮһʮһܵܣ˧ˣʮһĻϹȴǼȣҡʮһĸ첲θͣ
ðɣӮˣʮһķ˸ۣӦϹҪ
ʱⶫǸ⣬ڲ֪͵͵ߣʮһϹʱϦѾĵĻȥգۼ䣬ȻѾǿҪٽƽˣ
һĨɫϦڰ˹ɽϣտտոŴİɫƶ䣬޻һ㣬̲סҪҧһڣװعѩأϦӳ£ҲһߵŮƵģһ㽿ߵĺɫ
ƯϹһСŮһ㣬˷ָܵһһȥϦʮһ˵
ţȷʵƯʮһ⻹ǵһξۿأϹĻҲǲĵ˵ͷ
Ϧ䣬ҹɫİ˾ôɽһ죬һ߿һգһգ˵۾ƵǣԼ£
˵󲿷ֵʱ䣬Ϲ˵ʮһֻʱʱĴ䣬Ƕ˾Ȼ˵һҹֱ߷ǰ׵ʱ򣬶˾Ȼ˵ţϹ꣬ʮһǶûвʱţ
ʱϹ꣬ҲǽСԴʮһļϣڶ˵󣬿˵ıӰһôĺгôĴ䣬һеǰ㣡
峿ĵһʱϹһܵһʮһĿ⣬ƤЦһʵÿ𣿡
˵ҲʮһƲƲҡͷ˵
ҪҪ㿴һ㣿Ϲ˵䣬ƾ׼·
ûҸһ£ʮһаЦſϹ꣬˿С椵ĵϷ
Ҫ˰Ϲ΢΢һЦȻֱӽʮһϵŶʮһһͻȻЩߵĿʮһ˵ɲȰ۾ϣһֱţ˼һẦߵģ
˵תȥʮһٺһЦͲˮˣһתȥ
åȥɣǾʮһոתʱȴǴһʮһǸоһ˴ŵʯͷϵȥˤ±һ׵İʹ
̫ˣֱ˵ʲôأʮһװ˵ӣվϱЦĻ֦ҲϹ꣬˵
ߣģҪǻˣһǹˣϹĺһȲͣİڶţʱʱһҪʮһʮһҲôţ˵ԼֻˣղŽԼûȥܵģ
ȻĻƷʦʵֱ̫ײˣҾû㿪ıߵҲܻᱻȥģ
ˣڶˣĺܿĵʱһСɵİɫӰܵϹԣʮһһ


943 һӵϢ
С갡ͻϹŤͷֻɫС֮Ц˵
ʮһ̧ͷһɫ־ȻѾǿ쵽ʱˣ˫ϹԵʯһţȥС˵ˣ
ţϰ׺ϺǾ֮ٳȥʱȥǣСɴ
ţɣҲǿģʮһСĻش𲢲е⣬˵֮ǰϰ׺пܻС꣬һߵĻôھϺںϵ֮ս֮󣬿϶ѡϺڵģ
˵䣬ʮһǽɽͼ˳Сȥ֮ٴѾվϹ꣬˵Ҳ߰ɣ˹ǱߵҲýˣ
ţ߰ɣϹ˵ͷʾʮһס˱Ǽٵɽ±ܶȥʮһٶȣʱ֮󣬱Ѿɽ£
һ·շת˰׶˹ڵ˹ˣ˲ûилϹ绰ϹҪ󣬶˼·˸ݣֱϴһ£·
ʮһȻϴõģߵ¥µĴһԵɳϵϹ꣬ʱ䲢ǺܳϹѾˣһ򵥵˶װԵú
ʮһȵǣʱϹ꾹Ȼٴλָԭòȥƽƽ棬òͨˣ֮ǰ˵ģʧȡ֮ʮһʼʶʱǸģˣ
ôֱ⸱ˣʵòðʮһߵǰϹ꣬վʵ
ʵϹ겻ʺ϶У߰ɣʮһķӦϹƺѾ뵽ˣû˿⣬ʮһʣӦһ
Ϲ꣬ʮһͻȻһֵֹģҡҡͷȥֱФɽıʻȥڳϵʱҲһ绰˹ȥ
ϴǻˣ˲Ÿ³ſѾһȺ˵ˣкФɽԼϹ򣬻м磬ȫӭ
ţʱ׼ôʮһǰˣһ䣡
ܷģһжѾ׼ˣֻһɱȥˣشʮһФɽ
ţ١ǼأФɽĻʮһӦһתͷŸѯʵ
ǶھﲻԶĻˣֻҪϴһ仰ǾܸϵЦŴ
һ⣬ͻȻǶһİĸ֣ǻˣʱФɽȴǿʮһЩĵ˵
ʲôʵʮһѯʵ
Ұ嵽Է֯еֻ֪߱һƷĸ֣ʲôȼͲ֪ˣФɽʮһʻ󣬽̽鵽ϢʮһЩĿʮһʮһͻȻȻʮһô˵ûе
ֻФɽ֪ǣһƷʮһУʲôǣΪʵжǿΪһţĴɱУǾɽͼڵС࣡
Էǿ򲻹˵̫۵ĵزôֱٻССʵʵƷǶͲ˰
ûϵ֮ʽڸ׼һ徻ķ䣬Ҫ׼һ㶫ʮһνҡҡͷԸһȻ׼뿪
ǣûʮһһ£عͷһԵʵ͵𣿡
͵ˣʮһĻ󣬻ش˵תģ
˵䣬óһ۳εķ䣬ʮһϣ
֮ʮһФɽȥԼ׼ʱڣչתŷ䣬ֻʲôȴʲôҲûУ
һºʮһɵ΢΢һЦһָ˿հ׷ֽϣǼֽˢһȼˣʮһǰĿǷ˿˿Ť
״ʮһһü˫ֽӡһķϣͻȻһЩÿ飬ΪһӼȻô˵ֵӰǺҪòܱ˷ֵģ
ʮһӡųһ˲䣬ŤĿгʵֱõӰ񣬻һӵӰ
ͻʥˮѾյˣϹСѾûˣ㲻õģҲʹʥˮ
һ֮ڣҪûʲôĻȲҪعˣСֵܰʣҲõģĿǰܰȫ
ԼһСģͻʥˮҲǵõ˺ܴİ
Ӱһӵλȥɫ൱Ĳһ˵֮󣬻һתһСʱСˣȴǱֵĺӣһ˫۾˲ǱˣϹѩǸѾͷ


944 
Һ㣬޵ֵ֮һҪݺݵҧһڣ
ߣΪ¸СһƿȥʥˮҾͻ᲻ǰӣҸǲܵģ
ƺΪڳԵʣϹѩû˵̫ĻֻȴܺõıʮһĲ
ϹѩĲʮһҲֻܱʾ޹Լ뿪ģ²ָǰֻǱ˵ʱûˣǼˣʮһҲܻȥϹѩۣΪʱȷʵȵģ
һᣬӹФɽֽīƷ֮ʮһתŵһԵϣһֻȴվǰþδʣ
Ϊڵȣһõʱ
ʱ䲻֪䣬ĵţתۼ䣬ٽҹˣվСʱʮһڶˣֱֻһϣϵɰʱһӷ
̫̫֮֮ѧ֮
ץסɰ֮ʮһÿһʣжһھھڻֽķģǻһ
̳˴Լһʱʱ䣬Ҳ˵ʮһŷʵ͸߳ĳɹʣȻ㻨һʱʱ䣬ʮһ˵ʷǰģ
ֻǣʮһԴȴֵĺǿģƺһʱԻŷѾǺܿɹˣ
ҲʮһһͨƷʦƷʦǲһԻó
ⲻʵǿԭ򣬶ΪʮһڵԼﾭԭ򣬵ȻΪҪǣΪʮһһţǧȻһǧֻ꣬Ǹγɣȴȷȷʵʵǧ
Ҫ֪ǧֻٶȽ֮˿˰ٱȻظԼƵ޸ҲǳʼαģûаٱôţҲǺǿˣ
ʮһΪǧΪƣžǿָٶȣŸôһһʱ֮ã
˷Ϊ̫ҪƷ۷ʵſܻĳʮһȴǳɹĻ˳ǴУʮһΪ˿Բκ⣬ڹؼʱܻ̿õŻģϾǱƷʵ̫ˣԭѾˣھȻֶһ
С࣬ʮһǲʲôٳģĸĻǿԼʵ
ԵĵϢһ֮ʮһǼʼһȥĸʱ֮ʮһҲŻŷˣŷȴûһǳɹģ
ڣʱʮһǺڵˣôĴҲ̫˰ɣһʼôɹ˳ľǻһ̫ȻžʧţʮһеԽܣ
ʱ䣬ʮһ̤峿ĳŶʱҲǶ˲»ķ䣬Ȼֻ̫һ֣һЩķ䣡
֮ҪڻôķΪʮһѾ˹ߵ֮󣬾ֱ뿪ˣߵͽоͿˣ
ͨ첻ϵĻʮһҲЩϲģΪÿ첻ͣԼڵȻ֮ǰôһĴˣ
ʮһ߳ʱѾкܶڵȺˣҲУ򵥵ë£ţп㣬һذɫĴ£ͷȻҲһ䳤ˣѾǿˣ
߰ɣɣʮһվԼǰļ֣Ըһ䡣
˷׷ϳмգпһǶʮΪưӣʮһһͬһڣֻǸռʱһͷϹǱˣΪ̫Σˣ
һ·ʻ˲ʱʱ䣬˱һ˳ǰл㱣òǺĴɽ֪ǴеĿĵˣ
ǰ幫ɽǵĴӪˣǴ֮㲻ܳ˳ˣױǷֵģФɽ߹ʮһ͵
ţû⣬Ʒʵĸһˣʵ̫ȥҲڻңʮһФɽ˵ĻǾȫ⣬ҪǿŴ󿨳ȥĻ»ûȽӽ˼أѾǱһںɻˣ
ҾͽЩǹαװǰˣǵһλõʱǰôФɽʮһĻҲǾúе˵һԼ뷨ʮһûоܾ֮󣬱תȥˣ
УҲǹȥɣҪעⰲȫʮһתԵĸ˵
İɣϴֵҿǺųƾģʮһĻ󣬺ٺЦһתǱ׼ɢĴ󲿶ӣһɢˣ


945 ׹ư
һգ۵Ĺ򣬺˵ĴѾֻʣһСˣȫѾܱɽ֮УȻɽ֮һһǰ幫֮ɽȥ
ʱģʮһФɽ֮⣬ɽϺ١ϣԼ磬һ߸ˣӱʵФɽǿģΪֻƷʵ
߸ʮһФɽΪģΧһ𣬾ǰǴϢֻҪǰһ׼λǼͿǰˣ
һʱȥˣʱФɽҲյǰϢ˵ǸѾϿסʽˣΧܶ˶Ѿǵذˣ
ʱ̫ҲѾǾͿҪ䵽ƽˣϾѾʱˣʮһվǰĴɽٵȥȻ˲ûܣԼ˵ٶȣ幫ľ벢ʲô⣬ʱ֮󣬱ǲŲæɽ£
ͨղṩԷĸƷƷԼƷûǰɣһͥŲһɽȥʮһһ߶ԵФɽ˵
ľͺˣԭƷģڷùʥˮ֮оԵĶսǣջɱǼФɽʮһĻԵúǽӣҲѹˣ֮ǰƾ츳׵ʵӲԷƷһƷмܣڷùʥˮʵﵽн֮оԵĻܶԷ
ֻڵФɽԥһº˵ֻʣµһƷ֣
Ҿˣʮһ˵Фɽ١ϣɽ˼˵ǣֻǰǸƷջҪԼģϾ֮һеķչҪԼŪ
ûģİСʱ֮ڽǼФɽʮһĻش֮󣬵ûоʲô׵ĵطʮһϴ󼶱ôʲô¶ԶأȻֻƷʤᰡһʥˮǵ
ʣƷģ鷳ˣʮһ˵ͷתԵļ١˵
ҺɽһԸԷӦûܿսģشʮһǼ磬Ϊ֮Уʵ˵ҪߵģȻɽͬƷ۷壬ȴҪһ㣡
ȻֻһĲ࣬ǵս֮Уȴģ
Ǿͺãʮһ߼˸ԶԼĶλ⣡
أֻȴ˲ͬˣȻһϲսˣʮһͼ缸˵ĶԻ֮󣬺ǲĿʮһʵ
ҪҰҿҪԶԸһƷֵģΣհʮһװܺºܵĵӣ
ʮһĻ󣬱˵ˣһԵФɽͼˣ̲סһۣѾʱװСˣͨƷôĶ֣
ʮһĻش֮Ȼֵһ㲻ģȴҲûж˵ʲôһĸʮһԣ
ǰ˲ʮӵӣʮһФɽ˼ͬʱͣ˶һۣФɽһʧˣ֮˱ֻˣǰ󼸺ʱ䣬ͺ뿪һ㣡
ڰڹĸѾȥϵˣФɽ˵ֱʱ༸˲ףԭФɽнϰȥˣ
ͣǰһξ֮ʮһͻȻüͷסˣɫҲһ˿أ
ǲǷʲô쳣ˣʮһصɫФɽ֪ӦǷʲôˣֻԼҲ̽һ£ȴʲôûз֣ɵɻʵ
ƺǽһ֮ˣʮһشФɽʱ˫һĴţ˫ֿٵĽһӡǰһɴȥ
飡
ֻǻδȾӡϣǱһУһһƬƮɢ
Ǻǣû뵽Ȼôͱ𣿡֮Уһϸ˵ʹʮһߵȫһ飬Ϊʮһ֮⣬ûһ˲˵ĴڣҲʵﵽн׵Фɽ
̳ɢȥһЩձͷףȴûκƣƽĺһŰֽŮ˳ǰ˸һɫĳۣľɫôһ˿˿˻ʮһԾǣ⸾˵ıȻŰֻСӣֻСӳֳȻϺڣȴͳһİɫ
׹ư죿˭ʮһ˫֮˸һĹâض⸾˵


946 ɱ
СӣҾȰһҵ󷨣ھȻϵóҵ׹ư죬򵥰ʮһĻ󣬿ȥҪʮһҪԾΪ˵벻Ұ԰겻ϻֽ֪巨ˣϸҽ׾ţ
ǰһȻѾˣΪʱ꣬Ҫٴγ飿ʮһ׾ŵĻһŶ׾˵
ˣʮһĻ׾ȴǱһ㶣ʲôƵģԳЦһ£˵ԭЩϼһôߺ󱲵İǹʼİ
ǰһ壬ǱЩòȻģνʿȵģΪʥ͹֮;һȺαӣòȻļһ׷˲ţʹ峤ڹؼʱ̣ΪΪۣ˻ʹñȫ㻹˵Ը𣿡
ʮһû뵽ڵ껹飬ԣ׾ŵĻ󣬾Ȼһʱ䲻֪ȥӶԷĻˣ
Ǽ٣Ҳû˵ǶԵģôӦȥЩ˰ܵǼ˼˺һ֮ʮһٴο˵
׾ţСӷϻˣϽɱ⼸֮󣬴ҾͿԸһȥģһһЩ˱ˣʱ׾ŵȴ߳˰˸ˣʵƷƷΪ׵һƷ˵
ʮһ³˸ˣټǰ׾ţѾ֪ˣЩ˱Фɽ˵ĶԷ֯еĸˣĸƷƷֻ׾Ʒȴһλһһӵűʥ
ȻֻƷʵʮһ˵вȴҪȶƷԵФɽҪǿң
׾֮˵ĻҲǲԥ˫һ飬ֱץסһֻСӣȻô趯˼£еһЩĻ
ֹǣʮ׾ŵ̬һӾǲµ˶Էп󷨣һ˸ںһһŷ˦˳ȥĿֱָ׾ţ
Ȼ֪̤Ǹʲô󷨣Ҳ֪֮һ龰ֱʮһһ󷨳ɹǺܲ
סǣʮһ׳һ˲䣬ԷΪ׵ǸƷ֣ҲǱһһ׾ųȥΪ֮˸;оӳһƷڵĶֱӾʮһ׳ȥķ
գ֮䣬˾ǴһФɽμֱӾ׾˹ȥֻڰ·ǱƷָʣµƷ֣ǵ׾ŵǰ棬ܽսһڶƷԷһСı͵Ϯˣ
ָɽСָɱ
ʮһеͺһнõӡֱվ׾ǰƷ˳ȥʮһһƵĳڶԷͷϣʱǳһСĴָһɫõСĴָ
ʮһһ־ǾУɼҪֹ׾жôںΪҪһʹǺ׾֮Ʒ֣ɥʧս
𣡡Ǿӭͷʮһ¶һ˿мһ˿һѹʱǸɫСĴָǺȻ£
Сָȥ֮ĳʹŵ˾һ㶣ƷƷФɽƷֻһ㣬ЩƷ֣ͱȽϱˣǱһ
ɢ󣬵׾ǰƬشʱ˶סˣФɽƷ֮ĸҲˣ
Ϊǿ֮ǰ׾ǰƷ֣ȻıĿˣֻ첲ѾǺҳߵĺһ㣬뿪ԭ壬ǱնˣҲ˵һ֮£ɱһƷĸ֣
˵ˣʮһԼǱɵˣ֪ԼкײУҲǿᣬȴû뵽ôײУôǿᣬȻԼƷ֮ɱһƷ֮ĸ֣εײô򵥰ֱǲ˵
ֻǣڶݵʧʮһΪԼһеôˣԭֻΪⱻԼɱĵùʵ̫дˣԼһʽɱУһﾹȻֻôĳһӭⲻǿЦ
ʵҲùϾʮһֻһƷʦ˵ʮһʵֱǲһǣΨһһǣʮһһͨͨƷʦ
ֻǣʮһȴһ뵽һǳ⣬ǾԼԺȫһֱϻŶֲע⣬һʽɱоʹȥ׼ö⧲


947 
״𣡡˶㶵ʱһȴһֱûͣԼĶǾ󷨵׾ţֻͺһеֻСˢһ˳ȥֱǬλλֻС˲һ⻪˸
˷Ӧֻ֮Сӱڹ⻪֮û˴֮£
ֻСû֮ʮһ˶ʱоܵϢ˱仯ԭ΢ŵĿȻһ˿˿а֮а֮ʮһȴһӾסˣ
˻ңʬףһ״󣡡ʮһڷʧɫصĿŶ׾ţ˵
㵽ĸĸϹĴˣô֪ôࣿ׾ſŶʮһɫѾǱˣ״Ѿнûиˣû뵽쾹Ȼһ˽ˣ˻һˣ
ʦˣһӣʮһ׾ŵĻ˫ֱȭ֣صĽԼʦĶԷΪԼʦŭʲôģΪںʹʱ˿̣ԼߵˣѾ˵Լԣ
ΪЩˣѾܵڷٵʧţʵȻҲǸŴţ
ʮһĻش֮׾ŵɫһȥֻȴҲû˵ʲôһ˵һԵĴԣؿϣ֮һ˿ãһ˿׷䣬ƺĳֻ֮У
ԼʵһһţǲǸоľʱƷֺƷ֣ҲٴξۼһһֻΪ׵Ʒм֣ŵ˵
ֱʱʮһۿΪ׵ƷһۣһһȫǺӵģȥ˵ҲҪʮͷǿˣϾ֮ˣһ꣬һľ磬ǸͿģ
ëӣƨŲСүһɱ㣿ʮһһǲмĿŶļһ漫ŵ˵
ֻǣʮһ仰˵꣬ëӵȫǹЦƺʲôǳЦЦһ㣡
ʮһԵФɽˣҲ¶Ŀ⿴ΪǶѾǲԼʵһһţȴڲϵʵ˵£
֮ͨǰʮһͻһʽɱУǺʮһǸʵɱԷǣ£˳֮ʮһ˵仰еˣ
ʲôЦģǺ𣿸ҲǺģʮһĿԼһۣǵһۣΪСЦıȱ˻ҪţȻ˫ץԼ֣ЦĶֱˣ
ʮһǺģȻڵФɽһǣڵĻظٶʵ̫ˣʧٶȻҪ죬ԣʱ˿̣˵ûܵκεӰģ
ֻǣʮһԼ֮⣬˲֪
СӣȻʵܳϣΪڵ㻹ʵھͿôһɱҵģëͷЦ֮󣬺ǲмĿʮһŵ˵ֻ˫֮ȴĵһ˿أϾʮһǴ̫ˣ
ðɣһҲСɱ಻ãǲôɱ˵ģȥӰǵģʮһëͷĻȴǱֵĺܲԸƵģ仰˶Уʮһװ棡
ʮһԼȴ֪Ĳ֣ΪԷѾˣԼһо˵ԷҲûʲôˣȡԼҪЧ
׾ţ̸һɣҴķӦܹ֪ʦģԣӦףҺҪǺʮһشëӵĻתǱȻпϵ׾ţ˵
ܴù˵ֻǶʮһĻ׾ȴԵúܵʮһôһ䣡
ǣҪһ£ЩνĳУûмʦͰüʮһض׾ţѯʵ
ûУ׾ŻشȻƽȻôƵᣬֻһʮһƺ࿴ʮһһ۶Ӱ쵽̧ͷƵģ
׾ŵĻʮһúܿģϸ˿ԺԼĻôһһǳС֮⣬ɱˣΪ׾żȻֻ󷨰ɱһ붼ú˵ģ
СӣëԱһƷĴ֣ʮһ׾ŵĶԻ֮ƺǾԼڵʵͨ󷨵Ѿǿˣȫʮһ֮ǰһɱһƷһ㣬žʮһ˹


948 滹а
ֻԵΪעֻһֶ֪ڻңΪδ嵽ʮһǰҲδʮһԶ֣ѾǱʮһԳӰ÷˳ȥǻǶѾûȥעˣ
ʮһԱߴܳȥӰФɽֻԼڴ˳£Чпܱˣ
ǣټһФɽǲͬˣȻФɽʵһһԸһƷ֣ȫõģνձ
ֻڶ˸պɱһ֮󣬶ԷëΪ׵ˣǺһȫǼƣһȺеСһĶǣҪʮһˣ
ŶһȺһĸ֣ФɽɫһȴҲ˿£ֽսɻľδսӣûȴ˾ôҲͲôˣΪǴҲһ䣡
ʮһŸһ֣ͱԷѹֻǿصˣ˫ֿٵĽһӡֱӽɽͼٻ˳
׾ڿʮһгɽͼ֮ȴֳһ˿Ծֻһٶȱ֮ǰӣ
ɽ֮ˮ֮ƣɽӾ𣡡ʮһпٵŷģ˫ҲûκεԥλӰһ㣬һۻҵٶȿٵĽӡһĳȥƣÿĳȥһƣǻһɾǿľ
ĳȥʱǰҲѾǷֱûһɽһȪȴǺһ˿ǰ㣬ɽȪһ
˿ӣʮһûɽȪȴһӱŷһƣʹýս֮е˫ǲɵһ
ǿٽսԸСӣԷ֮гë֮ģһƷ֣ȴĵһǶԺСһ۾ë˵һ֮󣬱ӭʮһ˹
һеʽٿ£ֻҪɱͶĭԣŻһʱʮһ
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ֻǻǱëӸҹ֮ͣʩչ츳ͨ޷֮࿹⣬ֻǿ֧ţ
ǴĿ԰ӦǾ仰Ĳ棬аʮһСۣȴҡҡͷЩ˶ΪԼʽûгΣȴ֪ɽȪһʱ򣬾Ѿ󹦸ˣ
ʮһ˫־ӡһ䣬һõɽȪǺָܵһ㣬ٵС
ܵΣϢСʵ𾪵ˣû뵽ʮһһôͳˣɵüæӭѾǰɽȪٶȴΪǿһУ
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һ촫ʮһɽȪС۵һ֮£ΪһƬĭʧ˿֮УСȻھ״ļӳ֣ʵ˲ˣǱ³Ѫ
һǵѪ֮С۵˫˷ܵģΪʮһһѾƵˣôɱʮһʱˣֻ̧ͷһ˲䣬ȴǿëʲô
ϧڱը̫ھ޴ʹö֮л˵ţëںһЩʲôֻǿԷɫܽӣ
С۵кɻҡҡͷʾûת׼ȥʰʮһֻתһɲǣȴͻȻһʶ̧ͷͷϿȥһɫģеõСĴָ
ѾǾͷһߵСĴָС𾪵ͬʱҲһ˿˿ɻģôоСĴָôأʲôطһ㣡
ˣɱǸСĴָС۵̺һЩȱݣֱʱΣնѾͷˣСĴָǷأ
磡ֻ֮ͨһ˲䣬оѾ־ȡˣȥֿѾˣ˵룬ΪղŻʮһһѾǺľڼе־ҪܶѾˣԣŻᷢһЪ˹
ֻǣ˵ëǱѾФɽҪƵסˣҪϹҲѾˣ
ΪȺȥһ˲䣬ͷϵǸõĻɫСĴָѾǽӴͷƤˣ˵УС۵Ǳһûˣ


949 װ
ֻǻδɳɢȥڳ˾ȫѾͣеĶսëӺФɽҲˣ
ΪѾǿԲС۵Ϣ׵ɢˣҲ˵СѾ뿪ˣǶǱʮһɢˣ
ɳɢ֮˿С֮ǰվλϣֵһȴϸĿԼʧ˵СۣȻѾǲ²⵽˽̲סһ
ȻͣˣԵĻҾǿ̸һ£ŶҧгݶԼëһ˵ȣʮһֵĺνʼ
Ϊɱֵܣһ̸𣿡ëӵʮһ˵ĻѾǱʱĵʵ뷨ǾĺܺʮһֻǰʮһֳľʵȴֻӺʮһ̸
Ȼأѵ㻹Ҫʣµ⼸ƷֺҾһս𣿡ʮһǳëӣΪԼֳʵ˼ɣֱӾͺԼսҾëӸңߵǼƷ֣Ҳһô֣
̸ʲôëһȻѾǲˬ˼㣬ʮһǰ㣬һǹ˼ɶԷʵһҲǲԼԵƷ֣ѾһЩˣԶʮһʵ
˳ңһʮһǼ򵥴ֱֱӾԼͼ¶ԷӦΪǴӦ˾Ϊ£ҲöһƷĳ֣ԷͬĻôԼҲֱӳַ˶Է
ƾʲô˳㣿ëӶʮһ˵֪ʵǿᣬⲢҾͻ㣿˾һѣ
ò˵ÿһֶڵģɷɣߺ˻߻ˣǲ׵ĵͷڱ˵ģͺñȹŴĺ֣ܶǰҪҪԭ
ѵһôСط𣿶һôһСɽͷʮһĴëӣָֻԸһôһСɽͷ֮ǰ֮ԻһֱΪڴ򲻹Фɽ츳ͨ
ѵԸҺҵֵܣһõĵطɣëȻܲˬʮһĻ󣬻ǲʮһ˼άʽȥ˼ˣʮһѯʵ
һĴľأҲһɽһҪܶ࣬ʹĸһЩʮһëӵĻвɵϲ֪ѾǿʼϹˣǱĵ˵
ֻʮһ仰˵꣬Եȴ̲סʮһһۣΪʮһȫǿһſհ׵֧ƱĴصشﲩʮһ˵ģҸɽ־Ϳ԰ëӵȥˣ
ʮһҲȷʵôģֻҪëӿϸԼ죬ǵȻعʱͰȥҪôͰڷˮЭںóԺúȵţҪôҸСɽͷȥ˹һоͶԼ˵ˣĻɵ
ô㣿ֻëȻҲɵʮһĻԺ󣬻ɵĿʮһʵ
Ϊɱʵڱ濴ȥҪϲֹһΣʮһĻէȥһЩѱϸһ£ҲȷʵˣûʲôԵĵط
㲻ֻƾǷصķ羰ѣ㲻ܹսʤҵĻҾʹӽԺңȫģëʮһĻٿƯʮһɽͼʮһ˵
ëӵĻФɽ˾ǾǲҪΪҲΪʮһ֮ԻôǿսȫΪǷعɽͼ水նԷ˵ģôʮһпܻ򲻹ëӣ
ܲɽͼëӣҲʱܾû˵׾ţҲǿʮһ˵
ȻôŸǻ죬Ҿͳȫǣ˭һϲأʮһ׾仰е˷ѾҪƲסˣǻŬĿţƶѾЦˣ
֮ʮһ˾Ŀ֮УһӡɽͼսڣŶë˵֮ǰȱ֣Сү´֮ˣ
ϷëʮһĻһͦǳԺ˵ֺƵģֻ˵֮󣬳ɽɫһ仯֮⣬ʮһȴһ㼤ʲôӣ
ãʮһ˵ͷ˵עУƴ򿪣һ˺ɫðĹСӳ֮ϣʮһѾжʱûõл죡


950 ֮
л죡ʮһŸսлٻһߵ׾žǼĺ˳ɫǲţǿʲôŵĶһ㣬ԭǵ˫ۣǷһ˿ĪĹʣ
Ȼʶʮһ׾ŵķӦ֮󣬵˵ԭʹñʽԸģ֮гл죬Ҫһ׾ʲôӦȷ׾֪л죬˵Էһ֪һӵģ
׾Ǽûг޵УʮһѾǿȷˣ׾źһûг޵ģƺпܻ໥ʶģ
û뵽һӾȻл춼ǴˣǾҿһǷõһӵĴаɣ׾Ȼŵɫֻȴǿʮһǰһվһ
ǲ̫۸ˣűͲƽ󷨣ڻҪһǻҪ𣿡Фɽ׾ŵĶĴһѾǿҪͿ˵壬ŭ׾ţʵ
򲻹ʲôʸһӵͽܣʲôʸδʲôʸлˣФɽʺ׾˵ڻش⣬Ŀȴһֱضʮһ
ҲҪһԿ˵ģӾӮˣҲúܶģֻ׾˵֮Եȴǲ˵Ŀ˵
ţû˼ҲʣҪǺ˾ֱ˵ФɽЦúܿģǺԤıҪʹʹˣȴ뵽·ɱ׾ôţֱӲһʲôƨʹʵͬʱԷʵԽԽڿųԱʵǿĵļҪˣ
һèʲôģҰƤ˳⣡׾ФɽĻתͷݺݵ˵
ˣȻˣһϰɣҲǿʲôʵʮһ˰֣ʾФɽҪ˵Ȼ׾֤һԼлʵôԼͲܶһӵ
л˵壬ٵھޣ֣ʮһкФɽ֮󣬿Ŷ׾źһӡһͬʱлһɫĹӰֶǵھ꣡
ʮһٻĵھ꣬׾ź˵ɫǸͬģ𾪣û뵽ʮһȻٻһƷʵĸ֣ҿȥ
׾ڶݵһ֮ȴǱֵе㲻мȻھ꿴ȥʵ޼ȴǸͲ£Ϊʶ꣡
ʮһԼǱȽģһʱټԼʵΪԼٻʵҲӦһЩƷмⲻò˵һܺõϢ
ʮһţֻҪԼͻƵƷʦ֮ôھҲﵽƷ۷ʵ
˹֮ˣ׾ȷ˹һץһ˳ɫСӱץУſھʮһʮһһʱ򣬳ɫСϾɢһɸõϢʹԶФɽ˶ǲɵһΪɸõϢ̫ŨˣʵǸ޷ֿ
ȭͬʱ䣬ҲʮһմһȭһȭƺͨȴǼֱʱʮһҲǿȻֻǴﵽʦľ磬ֱе㺧ˣ
źɱУʮһɫҲеأֻҪвͺпˣ
ǧ֮ʮһпٵſھͬʱ˫ָǷɿĽһһӡֻлգ۵ʱڱǷɳĺЩһ֣ǽʮһͶȫΧУʹ˸޷
飡
һıըЩеĵǼҪˣֻȴҲֻܶԽΪɭɭĹʹ޷ȥʶһԼϱŵıһֻ֮ǰʮһץģ
ʱΧŵˣʮһ׾źȫǺܲܣǾǹŵѪ˵ڸղŶݵĽУ˶ûеõʲôôܵ΢ƣ
лоֻĻô㻹Ĳӵл죬ʦƾһл죬Ʒ֮սʵģĻԶأ׾ŲһǵѪ֮ŵĶʮһ˵
׾ŵĻʮһûʲôԵķӦԾĴͣƺԷŵԼȭͷˣɼжϢ


951 ⻪⣿
һ֮ʮһе㲻ˣ׾ô˵ǰصǰ;Ƿɽͼڵĺӣȫ켶һӵôţˣֱǲ
ԸȻСүӲлʮ֮һǶԸȴ㹻ˣʮһ׾ŵĻЦһϵЦݱ·һǧ겻ıɽһ㣬ʹ׾ź˵Уǲɵòһ£
׾ֹٴ߶˫һץһӳֻӣʹһԵɴ۾Ҳǲ˿ĵҲǼæǿʽ
ڰ֣꣬ʮһ˫־ӡٻ˺þδõĵڰ꣡
ʮһӡ£лܵĹһܷķţƱǰѹǳصĺһ㣡
ģлӿһõĺɫӰȵӰʵ֮һͷǺɫӳ֣ӳֺǿһʮһ˫֮һ˿ãһ˫ֱȻվʮһǰŶ׼е׾ź
ڰ֮ʮһдɻģʲôʱڰˣҿڰϵƣƺҲǱ֮ǰǿ˺ܶ࣬ѵҲΪԼʵµģ
˹֮ڴʱ׾Ҳһӡ˳ȥֻСӳıʮһ˵ŵʮһǰĵڰ
ֻǣڰһ˲䣬һӴסˣ˫֮Ҳ˸˿˿Ứڼ˫ҲڲͣĶţ嶼ͻȻ˵բһ㣡
ʮһûע⵽׾ŵ̬仯ΪʱлǳŶڵڰ仯ɻ󣬼ԷĹѾٽˣ˫ӡ仯ָƱ֣վǰĵڰһ㣬һ𣡡
ʮһһָĵڰ΢΢̧ӭѾǰֻСӾһȭ˳ȥ
һȭƽƽ棬ûκεȥͺ糿԰ڳϴү̫һ㣬ģ
࣬һȭȴֱӺ俪ֻư磬쳣ɢŨŨСӣ
һȭڴֻСӵĹ֮󣬻ȥƲѾʽ˹ȥ
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ֻư˵һ㣬ȥʮֱۣ֮ʮһҲǼ𾪵ģȻ𾪲Ϊڰֱۿʮ׳ΪڰһȭȻȺ׾źĹƣ
ȻղһʮһٿصģһҲ֮ǰɵھޣл֮Ժвеʽûʹùأζ׾źʹһ𣬻ͷһ⣡
ɭɭ֮ˣԭڵһѪӰˤ֮󣬾Ǽæǰ鿴˻ʮһ
֮Фɽ˶һ֮мϲҲŨŨ𾪣ФɽΪʮһǿһСĴָ֮⣬ֻʣصɽͼˣ
ȴû뵽ʮһôǿʽиӼᶨԼʮһľˣһһֱôһ죬ʮһһΪվ۷ˣ
ûô࣬ˤĲʮһ֮ϲͬʱȴǳĺһֻǱȴȻôı䣬ȫûκεı仯Ƶģ
𣿡ʱ֮У׾ȴѾʣŵڰȥŵʵ
⻪㻹ǵ𣿡׾޶Եĵڰ꣬ǰ˫Ҫȥץסڰĸ첲쵽һʱȴͣˣΪڰŤͷĿһۣһİоİһ㣡
лڰ꣬⣡ڰͷ죬ȥ׾ŵɫ˵
⣿ѵĲǵ𣿡׾ڰĻԾǲĵļ˵
׾ŶԵڰ˵ĻԼ֮ȫͬ飬ʮһԼĴԺһ㲻ˣ
ǵڰģƺʵһ磬׾žǺƵģֿ˵ģǸԹһ㣬ʮһľԼ͸ˣ


952 ˳
ǵãڰĻشһûбǰ㣬ֱ䵭
֪ˣ׾ĵ˵ͷ˫ǰһ־ɢܵСӣȫ˻Ȼתͷʮһ˵ҾԺֻҪһ仰ұ㵱ʿ䣡
׾ŵĻʮһһ£û뵽׾ͻȻôһ仰Ǿһ£Ӧ֮ǿѹеľϲϹһƵӣ׾˵ôȻǺãȻȰߵ״󳷵ɣ
Ѿˣ׾ŵ˵һҲٿʮһǵڰ⻪Խڰʮһ󣬾վ
ʮһ˿ڰ׾ţҲûж˵ʲôҲˣ޷ǾΪ飬˵ĲǸǻ˻ˣȫĥ
գʮһ˫ֽһӡһǽڰ͵ھ꣬ԼĹȫսелУ
й걻սл֮УܵĹҲȫɢˣʹߵҲǿ߼˵
ֻǣʮһ˵֮Фɽɽ١ϵˣӲɵһ£ΪǰΣʵ̫Ǿˣ
֮ǰʱǾѾǲ²⵽ʮһܻʤˣֻǱϾֻǲ²ѣضֹ׾ţǵûκεİյģټĪ״׾ŲµģФɽ˵Ǻܼɵ׾ŵģ
ԣ׾Űվʮһ󣬺һľ׮ʮһһЦӯӯĿǵʱģ
ôо𣿡ʮһФɽ˺ƳһֻӬһı飬бжˣڿһһȻεǻһ˿ǣ´ʱ˿̶ҪɪķˣߵǰǸ߰һ䣡
ãҴҵֵǸ㣬Ը˵㻰ǰӸ£·ϵһʮһԼĬĬŵ׾ţصĵ˵ͷ˵
ǾͺãֻܴƷĴָһعЩ£˹˺һЩʮһĻشһ㶼⣬ΪĿǰѡ
㲻ö룬ֻΪƺƴģͽȥһĴصģõģҲֻһЩֶѣЩǹĸ֣ǲһʮһɫһ£ЦŽһ䣡
һģʮһĻ󣬾ʮһ˵ĺеʮһһȭӦ
ʮһתФɽ˵ӽ쿪ʼҪúõĹЩ£ͬʱҲ˶һЩƷֵʵܵһ£
ϷФɽʮһķԸ֮Ӧ
ФɽӦ֮ʮһָһФɽ˵Ȼˣ͸Ͻټǵ£סְɣٵһûˣ
ʮһ⻰˵꣬˲ע⵽ͣǹԭ˲֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻѾˣ
Фɽ֮ҲǼæչɽ֮ȥһ߻ͣſзһһŵźŵ
һ߸׾һƷ֣ѾͶˣҲֻǰվһߣ
ʮһûȥ⼸˵ķӦߵһԣϥһïʢĴ£Ĵû취ڵԴԴϣ֮ǰôǾеԲ
Ϊ̣Ϊе̫ˣһָ߶ս֮󣬾ϵƣԣʮһͨϢһ£
ʮһϥһʱվԣΪػţ١ϵ˼״ҲǼæʮһԣһ𣬽ʮһΧһˮйֻͨǼ˵ĿȫǶŶһƷ֣
Ҳ˽ţȻĿǰ˴ʮһ֮⣬Ҳˣ֮ǰ״Ӱ죬ǵʵʵ̫ˣڶˣ⻹һЩģ
ˣ˵ķӦ֮󣬳ֻˣ˭ǰһ˻ƴɱأ
ֻǣ⼸˶֪ǣʮһʱ˿ȻǴϢ֮УΪϹѾͷԵʣѾϰһһ߷ֳһʶˣ
ԣֻҪƷ֣һ˿˿춯ɱǣʹΪ;˳ܵˣҲںµľˣ˭ǧ壬Ϲ͵ĺأ


953 Ӱ
ò˵һԵľٶ
Ϣ֮УʮһͻȻԼϷɢͰ׹ڣͻȻ򣬴ʱɢİɫâʮһвʲôʥĹâҲʲôİ׹⣡
̫ů͵ĺâʮһһֵĸҪڴƳȥתƵɽͼ֮Уǵģɽͼ֮ȱľ̫һŴ̫ĻôʮһоԵţɽͼһһ
ò˵ʮһͻȻһֵ뷨Щʵʣ˵ѾһЩˣΪںɽͼȫڶķˣʮһȴҪһȫһһ㣡
뷨֮ʮһǴ֮˳ԵȫԵϢȥԼֱһпϣִӵʹ֦ϾƬѩȴûиɿݷƵҶľ׽ţ
˿ʮһֵľٶҡҡͷʾ⣬ȻҲɻ󣬵ȴǲûж룬ʮһԣϥ
濴ȥʮһֻڷʵȴڴзٵھһǷʲôԽƵɽͼеİ취
ʱӵʱ벻֪ѾתһȦˣͼȫѾϢˣȻûȫĻָʵǶҲǻָһЩˣҪ֮ǰսǿһЩ
ڼ˸ոûõʱФɽҲ˻ǵźһȺˣкȻҲУ
꣡ӭһȺˣ١ϼæӭȥʾǰȻָָʮһʲôԭ
Ȼ֪ʮһʲôФɽǺϵĽһͷʾҲСһ㣡
ֻ˶СȴҲˣʮһ˵ֳ˽ˣԣʮһпϣŸҶ׽ʱ򣬾Ѿ֪ˣʮһ϶ʲôأ
ԣԽˣǵߵʮһԣӣʮһĶ˵ʲôžһʮһһߣʮһΪԭ㣬ֶԳƵ꣡
²ӣʮһãпʼ˾۽ĸеļһվ
ʮһŶվǰФɽˣڶԷעУǵǰŶ΢Ц˵λ鷳ҹһ£Ҫ˵
Զ˵֮ʮһǿż˵鷳λҲһ£
ʮһƷԼһȺƷ֣һҵһԿտĵشѸкҲȫ˹
Χһڶ֣ʮһûֱ˵Լ룬ԥһ£ãҲڿǣ
ʲôԸ˵ͿˣФɽΪڶʵߵһʮһɫ֮Ϊȶʮһ˵˵֮֮ҲǷ׷׸һʾ֧ФɽĹ۵㣡
ģھǽˣôҲҪ뿪ˣʮһһºЦſ˵ԣ뿪ֻ֮ԼˣڰѺϲһ֯ͬʱҪѵһرС飡
С飬Ϻ١ϸȡÿһ˶ٶȵĴﵽƷƷ
İɣһʮһĻ١Ϻǻһۣ֮˸˷ܵĹâʮһĵ˵
ʮһ˵ͷǿŸк򣬼˵ҲҪѵһ飬һԹκηС飬鲻Ҫ˷ǳĶ࣬һҪÿһ˵ʵҪǿԶһģǵСУֻˣҲνֻҪͿԣ
ϴľͺˣк򼸺ͬĻش˵϶дţ⵹ǶäĿţΪ˶оŵʵǸл򣬾ˣ
صˣʮһŶһ˵ͷ֮󣬿˼˵Ҹղϸһ£Ҿµ֯Ӧһµ֣
ʮһ˵ûñ˲ĻᣬҲͲҪ˵˵ԣҾ֯־ʱӰ
ӰֺܺðФɽ˷׷׳ͣһԵϺ١ϵȴǲɵһ£Ϊ֮֯뵽һܣ
ӰӰ
Բɺϵģ


954 Ȳ
ô֯ˣҾûӦ鳤ʮһ˵ĻЦһ£˵뿪֮ʵߵľǶλˣ
ʮһ˵ʱĿƵĶФɽ
鳤ӦФɽ˵
ûǸȤҲûǸʱ䣡ʮһ˰˵ԣ鳤һ
˵֮ʮһûиǷĻᣬǼ˵ϣܺúõĴӰʲôͬʱ򣬿Ժһ£һһ
ԭҪܾ鳤ФɽʮһĻ󣬱ˣʮһ˼ڷΪذ⸨»ʱǸˣ
ľͺˣһãФɽʮһľûʲô߲Ըı飬֯ʮһĻǸеģǶֻǹԹķݣ
ţǾͺãʮһ˵ķӦǶ˵Ҳŵ㣬һ׹ʱʱϰһ£
˵䣬ʮһҳдּķֽϣ
û⣡ӹ֮󣬵ͷӦʣ
ˣооɣ˹ڴһܣȻҾҪ뿪ˣʣµľˣʮһ˵һ֮󣬾վɽȥȻǵһʱ͸ȥǸ˺ߣ
Фɽһ֮ҲǼæϣ˻صФɽסı֮ʮһֱһ䷿˽ȥһûκ˽ȥФɽ˺ư
ǵ⣬ʮһ˵Ҫһܣ˼ӦþʲôԾʣֱӰԼڷ˼
ʱһξʱȥˣʮһԴӰԼڷڣҲûгһ͵˶Ϊ컹˵ʱȴǼڴɳվֻɰ֮󣬱ֱŶˣ
Ŷ֮㿴ңҿ㣬ҵжɻǿԺȷղ˭Ҳûʮһ˵ôо˺Žȥأ
ǲ֪ǣʮһǽˣֻϽеģнõȻΪˣ
֮ϥڵذϣಲ첲ϵһһ㣬ⶶʮһʮһǰе֧ɰʵݵʮһǰ
ţһͰͼҵϻߣʮһȴûнɰʣǽһŻһߵķֽ
ŷֽݺύĿʮһʲô˼
ôһ²ôأʮһķ˸̧ۣץɰʵҪǼ˵һƻһҪ㰴ֽҵϻ
ŶʮһĽ֮Ӧһץʱ俴֪ʮһȻѡԼûѡУΪԼŮԾϸĵģִ߳󣬺пܻʮһνļƻӰ죡
һʱ֮׼ʱʼʮһѾĿˣ˵һ󣬱ٴεϢȡԼΪ״̬Ϊһ뵽İ취ھϼصģԼоģ
˵ɹʧܣͿһˣһУΪ˿Խڵڣһ̬ƵɽͼУһҪΪɽͼе̫
һ߾Ϣڵ״̬һһһԼİ취֮Ƿʲô©Ҫĵط
֪䣬һʱѾǹȥˣʮһѾڿˣҶ֣صĵ˵ͷ
һ˵ʼͿԻˣʮһԸ󿴵ƺеŵӣοţ͵ϰˣ
ֻеȲȴ֪ʮһĻ󣬵ĻôһʹʮһĻ
ʮһ뵤ŵϷɢͰ׹ڣ˫ֿٵžӡտʼʱǿǼ֮󣬾ѾеӡӡȫһƬƬٲһ㣡
žž
ʮһѿӰ˫ƣǲͣԼĴţĻĺн࣬·һ֮ͨˣڼӹϣôһ׷ǳĸһ㣡
ȵʮһ˫ͣµʱһǾžŰʮһƣʮһԭϣҲǸֳһѪġѪһ㣡


955 Ԫ
ѪߣʶľǾеϤֻȴȷǣԺԼŷֽǲһģΪھϤһ˲䣬ǵͷֽѩ߱ȶһ£
ģʮһЩܲѪԽԽˣҲԽԽˣԼһӵʱ󣬾ȻǿʼѪˣȥЩĿģʶ㣬ټԸʹȻҪǻͨŮ¾㲻ŵιȥҲѾ۴ˣ
ʱʮһȴǽ˫ֺʮһ붨ɮһ㣬ֻȴڲͣ߶һЩʲô˫üšһɱıҲеŤԿóʮһʱ˿һĳ־ĥ
ֻȻˣʮһȴûзһȻؽҧ
һһĴѪ֮а뿪ľʹʮһʮ˫ֿٵĴֱָԼüĺķϣ
ʮһָĴʱǳɫһ㣬ʮһڣ
ǳɫڵһ˲䣬ʮһӲɵûһ£Ϊڵ˺ͻȻӾһ£Ȼʮһٴָʱ򣬾Ѿ׼ȴû뵽ôʹ
ңʮһͨʶԿüԭѪֿģȴͻȻܵһ㣬һֿ˺ôһξ룡
ֻǣʮһµľʹһѪ룬˺ѷεʹֻҪܻԵ˵һжֵõģҲ߿˵ʮһԼȶԵ˻Ҫݣ
ԣδȵһεľʹʧʮһˢˢˢָԼüĺķϣһ˲䣬ʮһѾΪʹ£ˮŲȫѪʮһӣ˵ذϣ
գ֮䣬ʮһϥλãѾһ̲Ѫˣ
Ѫ֮УһѪ˵ʮһͻȻӿһ㺣ͻȻʮһĸоֻǽž֪ˣʮһƷʦͿԿƷ״ƷˣǲֻΪӵţķ˶Լĺ壡
ʣһԼԺݵģʲôܺĵ𣿴𰸺Զ׼
ߣʱȴǴʮһԴ˻ƣҺƴȫź֣
ʮһĻæץеɰʣʮһϲţѾĵĺˮһѪˮīˮȻշֽСҽĻţ
Ѿǿʼˣʮһ˫ӡһ䣬ɽͼȻ
ɽͼг֮ʮһٴ˫ֺʮڵѾǷ뿪˴룬ֻʣһСѪڣİס
ΪڣʧĻɫʮһвɵһңûǧļӳ֣ڼѾȫǻɫھѾĸڵɻɢˣ
ۿھֻʣôһѪ⣬ȴٶȿţʮһҲѾˣôֳظٶȣѾǸоеҪסˣ
ģû뵽Ϊ˷ֹѾٴڵѪһ𣬻ôֻˣȴҲֻܼˣ
ʱһһţСʱôȥˣŻһ밡һ˿Ҳûȫ룬ʮһȴǲڵѾеΪˣ
ҺСү׼ʮһһָһ֣˵ûκͣģΪĩԼĶͷϣ˲䣬ǵ촷۵ķʧΪһ˿˿ӿʮһڣеɿ˵ĵ;
ΪԪһȥûʲôķģΪ˻ŷʮһȴǺһʱ䣬ʮŲųɹôһţ
Ԫ˼壬Ԫֻȴǲô⣬ΪԪָǵԪһҪƷ۷ʦпܻóҲֻпܶѣɹʵ͵ĻÿһȥԻʦ֮ķˮʦһֻĸо
ⲹԪȻҪߣɹҲǼͣЧȴǿ˵Ϊ˵ģսʱǿΪŤתսֵʤƵģ
ΪֻҪŲԪͿ˲䲹һյԣû˲䣬һֱӲģν˵ǿᣡ
һ£ͺñϷPKװȫǲ࣬ڶƴ˺ۣѪֱƱıԵʱͻȻһ˳һŻظٷ֮ѪĺҩȫһĴڰ


956 ʧ
ʱʮһ˲ӯҵϷңһĸо
ˣһʱȥˣʱҲǻѪߵһֱʮһСϣΪʱĵذϣѾѪˮŰˣҪĻֻѪˮ֮ˣ
ʱŸոջֱӣʮһһ㣬ͣĳ鴤ǲֻȴҲ֪޷ʲôһжֻܿʮһԼˣ
ʱ˿̣ʮһȻΪҵʹһȥȴҲǿĵģΪǳ׵ڵѪȫķ뿪ˣ
ֻǣʮһļƻУڵڷֻﳤǵĵһѣڵ˿Ϸİס֮ʮһԭʮ˫֣ͻȻһĩãָֻĹһ
֮ɽ֮ƣ֮壬֮
ʮһ˫ֻнıãҲᣬ·±ƵģʹöһֱĵĶʮһʶĽһ£Բһ㣡
ʮһſھʱҲڷŷ츲һı仯ƤݺύѪߣʱ˿̾Ȼɢһҫ۵ɫâʮһ˶У
ʮһѪˮ֮ʱ˿ҲɢѪɫâѪɫâڽؽɫŵڣһ׼ɵķɻһ㣡
ʮһȻҲǲһĻͻȻ䱬һ˫ȻԷֿʱ䣬ƯŵɽͼУɢ΢⣬΢һ㣬ֱӽʮһУ
Ŵɽͼڴɽ֮ʮһȴͻȻһǰԼһֱΪɽͼѾȫԼˣֱʱӦɽͼԼ֮䣬Ʊһиˣ
Լ֮ǰÿһʹɽͼʱԼɽͼϵУǻĵһ֣ʹԼͨһ˿˿֮ȥٿɽͼ
ֻǣһĻʮһȴǺݺݵһ£ʲôδ飬Լ֮и֪ˣֻĤֻǿԼҪһȥ֪ʱȴٴαúͷ
ȴҲȥˣ˫תź϶ֶ֣ϣطʮŴ֮ʮһͻȻ䱬һѪ֮мŻɫĹâʱƣâԽԽʢȻʹöȥֱˣ
Ŵ۵Ĺâлһɢ΢âֻΪߵĹâʵ̫ǿʢϸȥĻ޷΢â
ʮһѾ뿪ˣǿѹе˷ܣƴĴ߷ڵһɽͼȥ
ٶ˵ȴҲһһֱɽͼǰλǰ˵˳˳ˮһжʮһԤȵ˼ڽչţ
ֻǣھɽͼλʱȴǷˣɽͼͻȻһɵɫâֱӽסˣʹԴ֣
һĻʮһסˣ·ͻȻʵһֲɽͼ춯ԭΪų⣬ҲӦڽɽͼ֮ɽͼڵͻȴû뵽Ŷûȥ
ѹʮһڶݵʧ֮󣬳һǾеĻɫһ㣬ƴƵЯڣɽͼڳȥ
ԭ粽еڣһҲжˣȻֿʼ΢ǰѹȥˣֻǲŸոǰвһľ룬ٶͣ
ݣ
һĻʮһһû뵽ԼеĻɫȻֻܹǰһľ룬Ƣٺã˳ʱ˿̣ʮһ类Ѫˮϴϣ˫ҲѾˣ
ʮһǳһ˫֮Уһ˿֮ɫ˫ãһһٿɽͼӡֻһŵӡ֮ʮһȴǱúѿ
ΪʮһһܿҲߵǾȥԿɽͼɽͼȴ޶ԣڵɽ֮ǸͲĿƣ
һ̣ʮһԼɽͼĿƱжˣ˴֮ϵҲʧȥˣ
֮Ѫƣ
ʮһͳɤŭһһ֮ѪǱ˳ȥֻ⾫Ѫȥ֮ȴûɢأʮһϱ任ָۼһֱԼֵѪ򣬾ֱɽͼϣ
飡
һ촫֮󣬱˵ˣ֮еФɽ˶ǸоĤƱһ㣡


957 ıײ
֮ʮһһ˿˿ѪǲΪҧģ֮ܵƶѪ
ȥ뿪ףʮһŶһĵ˻ͺ
Ȼ֪ʮһΪʲôҪôȴûκԥľܾʮһ飬֮ᶨһ̩ɽʯһ㣡ƾ紵򶼲ᶯ˿
ֻǽȴעʯʮһ쫷֮£һЩ̫΢Сˣʮһһͺ𣬼ʮһĴһӣһǿĿȻֱӾǾӴ˳ȥ
֮ʮһǶŴ֮ڵФɽ˴ٶ뿪ԽԶԽã
ʮһͻȻĺ֮ڵ˶һ£ݵһ£ȵ˷ӦҪ뿪ʱȴѾˣ
䣡
һ챬ը𣬽žһɺƵ㵺ǿԭӵһˣŰţд޾ɳмܷϯȥ
̼䣬Ǻһŵһ㣬һ߽⣬ڵФɽȴûһܵóȥҲûʲô
Ͼ֮ڵҲǸ֣Σʱ̣Фɽʦͬʱſ˷֣֮ڵȫסˣʹ˶ǰȫ
ФɽһѹϵɰʯԲľȸ֮ɢ˼ѵĴݵķ֮ǰƮɢŻҳȴĿȫǣȫǱĸִƷǲɵЩ
ȥҿΧûбķˣȻ֪ݶأ֮ڣѾǱΪƽأûκνһƽɵøпĶФɽ˵
ñҪǸɽͷڶѾǱƽԭˣФɽҲɨһۣ𾪿־ͬʱȴҲŵıһ
⻰Ҳ٣ֻԿʮϼһ˵ٲҪģҪ˭ܰ˭˵ˣ
ҲʱķϣЩȻЩɥЩ˸У۽ǾȻһ˿ۣ˫ҲڿŲԶһƬ棬ôϣߵǸѪ˵ļһƲԫϱڷɳ
ʱмǹŵѪˣȴıһѪˣͷûһѪɫģ˾Ѫˮ֮
ؼǣʮһָͣϵ⾫ѪԴԴϵɽͼӿȥʮһȴǺͲںƵģ
ʱʮһǷģǲҪģЪ˹ģڵѪҺһ߸ʬҲҪɽͼ֮У
ʮһƴʱɽͼȴǷž޴ı仯ֱ仯ӰһǰɫģκСȥһСһ㣬СĨ裡
һӰһߵӰ׷ͯգۣһ˸Ĵֱϣֻȴò˿ӣ
ӮˣƻδأվĨ棬ǵõĴŵ۵ӰЩϣ˵ĻǶĨ˵Ҳһ㣡
ߣһĨл껹ҷϻպ˵˵ģΪǵļƻû֪鲻ǵĹƣҲǵļƻȥУߵĻĨȴһͬʱȴǸֳһ޴ýӰĨŴʮ֮ӣ
໕
ýӰһţҪض̽һ㣬һ·ԻĹŵĽ̼ĶӰζһ鱻ʯͷеĶһ㣬˲Ϣ߽֮⣬ڣ
ߵӰʧһ˲䣬ĨǽɫľӰҲɢˣĨСҲǲɵû˻ΣĿһɽͼߣ·ԿǸ͵һ㣡
ĨӰһΣɽͼɽ֮Уȥˣ
ɽͼһڰ֮ɽͼʮһȴɫһΪͻȻоɽͼǲ谭ʧˣҲʲôԭ򣬼æĴ߶ȫЯɽͼڳȥ
ûκģʮһǽͽɽͼڣûκεͣʮһһʱǿٵĴһžŰʮһָÿһָȫ˿Ĵ֮ϣ
ʮһָĴУڵ״ʼϸ΢ı仯ȻǱһԲΣԲ֮ʮһǴӡ
ÿһӡʮһǻ³һ⾫ѪȵչʱʮһɫѾǲ԰ֽһ˿Ѫɫ


958 ȫµɽͼ
֮գЩ˻ʮһ˫ƺһ𣬶˫ƺһ𣬱һԲڣȴǷ˰ܵĻɫԼѪ
ʱţϵĻɫѪɫҲһһļ٣ͬʱԲεҲ𽥵˰֮У
ѾǲҪٿأԽԽѾױһԲڣʮһɨһȦɽͼ֮ڵĸֲûʲô쳣ģɵһü
ղŵʱȻ޷ɽͼڵȴȻܹɽͼƺʲô仯ȴʲôûвܲü⣡
ֻǴʱȴҲϸȥоʱ򣬵ȵһн֮Ĩһ£Ƿ֪Щʲôʮһţ
ķ֮񣬰˷֮飬֮ɽʮһţ˫ʱǰʱҡڸͣ
ʮһ䣬ɽͼͻȻӿ˺ܶѪɫϢ˰ʱ֮ѪɫϢŲٳ֣ȴֳĻɫϢ
ڻɫϢӿʱһӿѪɫϢɽͼڣеĻ˺еĻһֲеĻһСƬ۵ɽ壡
ЩѪɫϢ֮ǰʮһЩѪҺʱʮһʹطٶ˻ЩѪҺɽͼڵȻҲʮһƻеһ֣
뷣
ʮһǵֳָЩոսĻɫ壬һɵɽͼƮţɽͼڵķ磡
ʱɽͼڵУһֽɫԲҲѾ߸ߵعɢů⣬˻ɫ;Ѫ֮ûɵ̫
ôĸ㶨ˣǰԼûɽֲᴵŵ΢磬ɢůâ̫ʮһɵóĺһһظĸо
һ̫ˣʹʮһȻһֲʵĸо
ʮһ󷢸пʱȴͻȻ򣬺ԼͻȻǰɽֲ΢磬̫·һУεţ󵨵Ưţ
·ȥһôãʮһһ˹¶΢΢Ц⣬Ϊڸղһ̣֪Ѿ൱һֻ̤Ʒʦ֮ˣ
֮˵һֻ̤룬ΪڸϴﵽƷʦ֮ˣ豹ľˣټϣɽͼڳû̫ͷˮɽʱҲ൱ڵһˣ
ɽͼƬ˹ɽΪļ룬ѾһƬˣʮһֵ֣˵ǰѾȫĿȨ
Ʒʦ֮ʮһһܹ㹻ˣԲŻ˵ʮһĿǰһֻ̤ʦ֮
ңһ̣ʮһԸоɽͼ֮ĹͨҲ֮ǰȫͬˣ˵֮ǰһĸоôǿĵǲ
ıȽϾǣ֮ǰɽͼֻǿﵽٷ֮ʮʵʵİٷ֮٣ɽͼﵽȫĲٿأɽͼͺڵһǰ㣬˴˽һ
Ȼǧļӳ֣ʮһܸоʱ͸ˣʧȥľѪ̫ˣʧ˺ܶ࣬ԥĺһƿʮʥˮ
ʮһֱϥɽͼڵϢһ֮΢΢ҡҡͷڵĻɫǻָˣҲٻָһ㣬Ҳֻһѣ
ƷˮʦĻٿԻٶ꣬ʮһȴǿԸоõԼոʧ˰ղŻָѾոˣ
ٶ룬ΪѾ˵飬룬ҲͽհˣһʮһĨ˯ĵطĨſﰲ˯ԥһ»ˣЩ鲻֪Ҫ֪ĺã
ȻɽСĵطҲûʲô֮󣬱һ뿪ɽͼڳʱѾ磡
⡭ŪģŽµĶϱڲԫԼһƬĺʮһЩŵ󿴵һ߳һȺˣɵʶӣеأ
û¾ͺˣФɽԭǽأ֪ʮһˣȴͻȻ֮гһӰһȺ˼ûκԥľܹΪʱ˿̣ͻȻģҲֻʮһˣ
ֻȴһӰһʮһǰ
ͷôˣǰ·һ˲˺ܶ࣬ȫѪҺɣͷȫףʮˣʵ


959 ϥ̸
𣿡ʻʮһһ£ϽӹһСӣžͷȫף͸һ˺ܶ࣬Ƥûʲô̫仯Լ΢΢Цһ£
ϴզˣʱҲһ·˹һĵѯʵ
Сֵģͷֲû׹ڸУʮһûôõˣһ۸УǲΪ˵
ûˣǺʱʮһһ۸֮󣬽еСӻ˵һ䣬ŸФɽЩε˵ǲ˼һСĽˣ
޷Ҳ̫ϾɣҪһأФɽʮһĻ󣬹Цһֵںӣ
ҹⷿҲҪǮҲ⳥㣡ȻФɽ˵ţʮһֻ֪ΪѾˣһԼģФɽŻô˵ģ
˵ﻰʲô⳥⳥ģФɽνİ˰֣˵ĵﻰȻⶰȷʵֵƣ֮˵ǲ˹ˣʮһҪ⳥ǾԲܽܵģ
ⲻغʵȼ⣬ǹغӵ⣡
ŶԭһһƪķԸĻ⳥أ˵һλ۵ĶǿߴģФɽĻʮһƲ˵˵ĻȴʹФɽ˶סˣФɽԱߵ뼾ȴǹЦ
ȿȣҪ⳥ĻҲģǮʲôľˣҾ˵ķͺǲٺ٣ФɽεĿһЦĿʮһ˵ԼЩ˼ˣ
ϾոտԼ׿˵ĲҪ⳥ģȴҪ⳥Ǵʱ˿̣˵ⶫνҪҪģؼǣʮһ˵Ǳ۴ķǿǱʲôҪģ
Ҫ֪ȻѾмʵˣȴһֱԼڿţҪһۼǿķʹãФɽԼԻ˳ܶ࣡
Ǻǣֱӽڸ㣬ҪֿʮһЦһ£ּĹ˭Ҫ˵ĶǲأФɽַӦ˵䣬ֳʽָ״ФɽüĴ
ʱ䲢Ҳһʱ䣬ʮһջָФɽȴţΪʮһڸǲķأ
лƬ֮Фɽ˫ۣʮһһݣﲢǺܶ࣬ȴ˭Կóʱ˿̵Фɽжô棬ô֣أ
ʱФɽҲȷʵǷǳصģʮһһ̾Ǳߵľ磡
˵֮ǰʮһʥˮʱʮһ𾴵Ļôڵõʮһ֮󣬾Ѿˣ
ʱ˿̣ʮһȥһλȥսԥȥƴҲ߿˵ʱʮһˣ
ˣҸطɣʮһȻҲǲФɽ仯ȴûзʲôЦһ˵
Фɽ½Ǳ߸Ϲľߣһ˵ȳ˳һȥФɽʵĸ֣иլʵ̫ƽˣ
֮ʮһ˽̸˺ܾãҪǽһЩ֮ĹȻһ̽һеĵã
ޱߣ;ͬ飬䣬ˮߣյĿ޷ǶΪ˸ߵľ磬ֻܴһ֮нʧ˷
ҲǼֵ̽УֻúģҺõǣФɽ±һƽѣǺǰʮƿƣȻʮһͬһɳϣһߺžһǻ̽ţ
ֻν֣̽ϴ󲿷ʱ䶼ʮһ˵Ȼʮһʱպ̣ܶ츳ǸĵãʮһзȨģ
ֵ̽ʱڱĶ¥ȴһֱһŵŮòģǺƽƽûκγڵĵطϹ꣡
Ϲ棬ÿնԣͺһСһ㣬Įôһֱţִ˲ƣ
ʮһ̽һһҹʱ䣬ֱʱ˻δĸо
ת¥Ǹոպϵķţʮһкǲ⣬һһҹܹܵǸӰһֱĬĬĿǵȵһн֮ӰȴĬĬĹϷˣ
ʱߺúõɣ⼸ŷţʲô޷⣬ֻһŵķȻ֪õʮһ⣬ŹͺͺĲ֪ĴһŲͬĵķУ


960 Ϊƿ
ϴͷİɣҲµģһҪСģڴɩǱߣҾûһԵĺãɩĲĻҲҪ̫ǿˣнӹһ֮󣬿ʮһ˵
ֶˣȻȥ֮ɺǹôɣʮһ˸һۣЩֻ˵
ʲôôֵǰ˵һ˵ֱӾͲҪаǳ˵
ʱһζպ峿ʮһ˵Ŀ£׼ϳ뿪ˣȻʱʻ
̸ܺһ𣿡ʱһϲŮѭȥϹ꣡
Ϲ꣬ʮһǳɻ벻ģ֪Ϲôˣ⼸ÿԼҪ˵ʱ򣬶ǱԷıܿˣԼΪûʲôطǵѾͷ
˿̣ѾͷȻԼһİֳĳƺͺʼʶʱǰĳƺڰ˹ɽϵǶʱ䣬ģ
ԣʮһ˼ת֮󣬶Ϲ˵ͷߵһԣԶһλվ˴˿ŶԷ
һعˣϣ԰Сؼ֮λϹ꿴ʮһƽ˵
ҸɣʮһϹ˫ѯʵ
ΪѩϹ꿴ʮһһ֮ĽͷŤһߣش
Ϲ֪ʮһҪɲΪʲôϹ磬ԼΪʲôɽ֮ٴαǰӣΪʲôɽֻ˵ʱȫˣ
ʮһϹĻش֮Ҳ֪ϹԼ֮شģ
һպãϹ꿴֮ʮһóһűεķϹУ˵
ʮһת׼뿪ȴǴϹſǻЩʵĻåԲ𣡡
Ϲ仰ʮһӲɵһֻǲûлͷҲûͣ½Ų˵ҶԲ㣡
ʮһһݳ뿪˹ˣȥһʮһҲûһȷĿĵˣ
һ·ϵҲгһһµʱǹȥˣʮһÿǲͣ·һֻĻһ㣬ȴÿȾƺȾƣ
һµʱ䣬˵Ļһûг仰⵹ΪΪʮһû˼һ˵
֪䣬ҲѾ׹ÿһһУͻ³Ѱһұ緢һѰ£˲׼
ʱԶô飬ôᣬǾȻȥգ֮䣬Ѿ뿪˹˽µʱˣ
ڣʮңʮУǺʮеĺƣ
ܶ˶˵ĺζģȴΪĺƲζģΪһҹʮһһһҹľƣļǵãһյʱ¶ʮգ
ϷǾڣʮһûмȥ˫һԶȥǽ˸λͣһ뿧ڵĺ˿ȣ
ΪôҲûأһڿ֮ʮһŶʵ⻹һϸĹ۲Ҳһ˵
ԭ˵ʮһĻȴǲûлش⣬ʮһһ䣬ɫȻûʲô仯ȴܿһ˿˿Ĳ
Ǻǣ㲻˰ɣⲻΪһֱĻԼ΢΢üʮһЩΣ֪ˣԼҲȷʵе̫ˣ
һʮһĻشǸ߰İһʮһĶ𿧷һڣٴʮһֻǴĽëԿʱľôƽ
ҾһºعʮһͻȻ˵ʹɵһ£ʲôʱعҪ˵
ʮһɻıȷʵܿĵӣЦһ˵һҶˣÿ죡
˭Ҫ죿Ȼ˵ţȴ΢΢ůһ£Сϵı鶼ǹЦݣ
ʮһô˵һΪҪһһǣѾֻͿԽˣΪڵΪѾǴﵽƷʦļˣĿǰҪľͻƵƷﵽʦ֮
ʱһϵ˵ĶУתͷȥһһɽװߣ
ţɣʮһһ˵֮ˣĵ˵ͷ˵֮ǰʮһһη


961 һҶĿ
ϿɻǵõǵԼʮһηʵ
ȻǵãʲôԸֱ˵ϷԵ岻ݴǣηʮһĻһæ̬ΪڸոսڵʱѾʮһΪҲѾﵽƷʦ֮ˣ
Ҫ֪ʮһƷʦʱѾ򲻹ˣοƷʦأ
ֻ֪ǣʮһѾǰ벽Ʒ׼Ʒˣֻ㹻ºͽһǿֱӽʦ֮ˣ
ǺãҲͿżɽˣʮһ˵ͷ˵㼴̶ȥУȻҸطȹһʱһȥʱԻȥϵ㣡
ڵҵʱ䣬Ҫҵڵĺʦһ˭߲ʹƣ
߲ʹƣǸ֮󣬿ʹΪĹƶʮһĻηһ𾪵Ŀʮһѯʵ
ţҲ֪ƣʮһû뵽ηҲ֪ƶеˣɻĿηʵ
ǰ˵Ҳֻ˵ȴǴûмʶηʮһĻ󣬳ĳһվʮһ˵ͽҰɣһ
ηҲǸӣ˵仰֮󣬵뿪ˣһΪʮһģΪ߲ʹҲǺܸȤ
η뿪֮󣬶ִһᣬȻҲ뿪ˣ
ԭһºعģȴ˵ھͻعֻ·ϿԲôĸϣ͵ˣ
һ·ͣͣԳԺȺȣ羰ɽ˵ǰ㣬һ֮ʽ̤Ĵϣһĵһվ뿪ʱһվ
ɽɽ֮֮ƣԹű֮˵еĸڴɽ𻯳ɵģ
ߣɽ￴һ£Ҹоɽҩվɽ£ʮһͿԸоɽסɵöԵ˵
˾ֱɽȥʱϦ£ѪĲּ䣬ȥΪĲʵ·λӰһ㣡
ʮһһò£ǰͻȻͣɵȻվ֮ǰλã
֮ʮһüͷ壬վλϣ˫֮ŨŨɻ֮飡
ôˣʮһֵıֺͶǰһʵ
վ￴һ£ʮһûлش⣬ÿԼվλãվһ£
Ȼʮһʲô˼ʮһôĵˣʮһλãǰԶȥ
ȻҲʮһǰǰ㣬һ˿ֻصվλãһ֮󣬲ǻعͷʮһ˵ô£
Ӧ˴˵еһҶĿˣʮһɫЩأЩ˵
һҶĿǲݱֲԻ𣿡ʮһĽ֮ЩɻĿʮһʵ
˵е˵˵ȴǷˮ֮е󣡡ʮһĻһ£ȻĿǰʵƷʦʵȴǷˮʦһ;
ڷˮһѧУһҶĿݵǣĳһĵϣǿԿüĳЩԭռģֻĸ˾ͿԿüģҲҪƷʦʵſԣʮһĶǼڽ͵
ģʮһĽ֮󣬿ʮһʵ
ţʮһ֣صĵ˵ͷٴվ֮ǰĿλãԶֵֻɫģɫƷһֻе𺳾þ޷ƽ
ռҪȥһ𣿡ʮһԣԸоʱʮһжôļ𺳣
˵Уӱ̤һռʱǺΣյģΪ˭Ҳ޷Ԥ֪һռʲôӵģȫĻΣյģ
ǰȫģһж˵ܻʲôߵõʲôΣյģǻϾʮ
ٷϻǲԼȥģһǻͱȫһõˣ仰˵˺֣ܶһʮһļһüë˵
ʮһֹһ䣬ǻŸ£˾Ѿˤ˳ȥݺݵſ˵ϣ
ʲôӵ֮󣬺ǲǷŭĵ߷ɵף
˵ˣЦ˵ЦĺܿģĪ˿ʮһ·һֱŭıһ㣬ʮһߣĿһ۶Է֮󣬱ʮһǰȥ


962 ټ
Ұһ˶װıӰʮһСֹһ䣬æȥһ·ǰȥ
ӡеķ򣬴Լʱ֮󣬶һƬ˵տĵشʮһͻȻͣ
ô𣿡ʮһͻȻͣˣ˫ĴһȦҲûʲôͬתͷʮһˢһĽëƻ˵һ㣡
ûǰƺЩʲôʮһһͼæתͷȥΪִʱȫһʮСŮƤɰȻʹĺ©˰Ƶģ
ʮһ˵ֱȥҲǽϣһǰһʮһǰ·ͬʱ䵱һն๤Ϊߵ·û·ģȫǸ־Ұݣľ֮ģ
ǣ
Լ˰ʱ֮һĶУɵĿ˿ǰ·ʮһѵ˵֮ǰѾ
ʱһ˻Ĵ󣬿ǰһһԼܲͣ߶ţŸʽǹǹĴ󺺣ʮһȴǽĿ⿴ɽϣڲͣʩ򶴵Ⱥˣ
ЩʲôģںܶϵģԶǰЩЩʲôǺͨ
Ӧһ¹ߣֻôأȻ֮棬ȴ˵ĹѨİʮһ߻شʣһȴǺ񾭲һ㣬š
ԭһĹİҲ㲻֪ĹѨأһƬȻ̬󻹲û̼һʮһʵ˵ҲûеģʮһţҲʲô֪
˵û˰㵱ưͣʮһͷһǷһ˵Ļֱˣÿ仰˵Ҳֱ
úúãҴˣֺòãɫһҪ֣æץסС椵ֹ֣֣۽ȴͻȻϤӰ
û뵽Ÿջعͼˣʮһغ֮󣬿ǰǰվˣгɻ
ɻ󲢲ΪˣΪ֮УһѾ˺ܾˣʱŸոձСİʵǲֻһƷʦ
ʶ˵ʱıһֻȴûȷϵǸĹϵѣ
˱֮ǰıȥ¹ĹʱУڳ¹Ĺ֮ڵĶǣھȻôе㲻ѧ
ԶˣʮһҲʶ˵йһ֮Եֻ˴֮ȴǲôģһΣʮһȻ˶ԷԼȴҲΪʹûħָ⵽˷ɣ
лģ֮ǰվڼ¡ߣͼϹõƷǸһ
ʮһҲ뵽ôԭɵˣʱ˿̾Ȼһҿ˵ӣһģ
ˣӡѾ˵Ķǣʮһ˫ŨŨɻ𾪣
ɻȻǶһһۼﵽҪЩʲôҲ֪ΪΣĪ뷨е㻳ɶǺлĿģԼոռй
ǣѾ۲ˣȷȷʵʵǻŵģûκεĹʬ˼ģ
Щһﶯһ㣬ʦӦÿҪˣǵƮʮһĶС
İɣʦ֣žǴлĵ
˵ĶԻʮһȻͬʱҲŨŨĳԾԭ˾Ȼʦֵܣ
ʮһ뵽ӻóһŷϣڶԷУ͵һſϢεķⱻԷ֣
־ͷ£ɱ𣿡ǲм˵ĳһ±ӣĿʮһ˵ô
ô𣿡ʮһǵɪӣԼϵ£Ӱͽʧˣһʧˣ
˴˶Էô죿Լʮһ嶼ʧˣʵ
ץסҵֲ𣿺ٺ٣ʮһЦĺ·һɫһ㣬˵ͬʱָһܷܷ֣ûиǣȻȴǿԿüΣһһû⣡
Ҳ˵ȫκӰģ
ˣåȻô˵ţȴûһ˿Ҫʮһֵ˼ʮһô֣εСϸǸһĨߺ֮ɫһСŮ̬֮ǰӵеģ


963 ȥ
ֻ֪ǣһ̬Ǳǰåеģʮһߵģȴǲɵеˣ
ڸʲôأڶŶǻô˵ˣþûеȵʮһĻֻֻһ𣬼ҪΪʮһѾ뿪ˣʵ
꣬Сһ㣬𱻶ԷˣǵˣȿҪʲôȻôǣʮһԴĵǰһ㣬ӶҪαˣ˵Ļֱϣ
Ŷоˣ΢죬һ£ͷӦһСţ
ʮһҲϷŪΪͻȻˣΪɾǿϢ߸оϢУһӦѾﵽƷ֮ˣһҲƷ۷ĸ֣
ֻǵƷ֮ʵʱʮһȴǲɵһüͷǰûеʱûоʲôֻʵѾǴﵽƷȻֻǰ벽׼ƷȴҲ˵ǰرģ
ʱüǣϹƷ֣ȷʵƷȴƷȫͬģ
ֲͬҲ֪ô˵һҪ˵Ļֻ˵оԷʽƷǱʵû벽Ʒǿ
ʮһ˼ʱڣҲѾϹˣͨòͨ·𶪽Ⱥоͻᱻû֣ΨһͬǣһһŮȥԼʮӣͷҲȫ԰ף
ʮһͷĻǲͬģԷȻȥ׵ģʮһΪʧ̫µģ
ʦʦˣǰһŮǰһͷȭ˵̬֮ǹ֮ɫͬʱлҲǱȭĽһʦ
ţ׼ôˣǶ˳ΪʦͷЦѯʵ
ѾˣھͿȥˣߵʻ󣬶ǱϹϾĵͷ˵תָŲԶѾǴõĶۣ
ãȥˣε̫أһԵϸ˿ԶĿӶ֮󣬻ּ䣬һɫ˲Ϣ֮ǽΧȫУ
ǺлļǲĶһ£˫֮иǳ˾֣·ʲô쳣ֲħһ㣡
ħεʮһټ֮ȴȻһֹһ֮󣬼æʶһֻûǣ֣סͺͱӣħ
˵ħʴЧ˻ޣֲֻҪģһħǻᱻʴ
ҵǣħֻҪͿûκε⣬ȻֻǰϸֻƷʵͷŵħǻһƷ֮ˣôûôˣ񣬶ǻʴ㣡
ֻʮһûעǣü˼ʱ򣬱סڱǵȴü΢ĿΪѾµʮһǿԿļˣϾʮһղסڱǵĶֱ̫ˣ
ǣͺ뵽ʲôһ㣬εķСˢһӾǺˣ˫֮һĨ֮ɫһ
ȵħɢ֮ҲǸ˵ǰԭزͣ߶ȺѾʧˣȡ֮һһߵİ׹ǣ
գ֮䣬ʮˣȻǱ˰׹ǣʮһҲǺݺݵıһ£οħǵķΧڣǴǻݣҲȫǸɿˣ
˵ħǵķΧڣѾһƬߣ
һĻĶǺлģŵ˫֮иѾ嶼̲סЩˣ
ˣȥɣϸȴ·ʲôûзһ㣬˫ֱ˵ŴõĿӶȥ
ǰѾνӶĸˣʮһĵĴ˳ֻӶ֮ȴǾͣվﲻ
в⣬ȴҲȥʣʮһȻѡվͿ϶ôɣ
ʮһʱվﲻΪڵȣڵĸ˻̽飬ţ⼸һĽƻһ˻ͷ鿴һµģ
Ȼվ˼֮һӰͻȻڿӶڵλã֮ǰħϸˣ
һ˫յۣĴ鿴һûκķ֮󣬱תٴȥ
վڿӶڣǿ˳ڿӶڵĽһһʧΪϸȥͬʱϱߵӳˣ


964 
˴Լʮ֮ѾӵˣѾȥˣ
߰ɣҲȥʮһֹһ֮תͷ˵һָڵϣ
ָĵ棬һʯĺһ㣬һȦһȦܲϵĵ
ʮһֱӾǴƴһĹϣȥڴԽʱǰ㣬ǰһƬڣʲôʶ˫ץʮһ֣ɢԵĲ
ȱһ۾һζһ͵ˣȻҲǲĲοһ䣬ȻǰΪȻţԾɲͣض۽ëԼϾգ
ǲ͵ңʮһԵʱ
ʮһʵǱһع֮󣬷ڶԼֻԼһֱһѣ
ǡôʱ˵ϣһģƷնһͨǰͷ
ô᣿˵ʲôÿģʮһٺһЦֵֻĴֱ֣ӾɿˣȻĴ˶ԷܷܷϸϣһҰֱֱӹϣ
˵˭ÿأȻʮһ仰ü΢壬ȥǽסԼʹñ˴ѾĴ֣ץסʮһĻǲˬʵ
ȥˣ˵㴩ô֮࣬ܿ⣬λöˣʮһʱ·ٴαǰ̸ɫŮʱĸ֣Цţǰһ㣬ȵҪˣѾǽɾʮˣ
Ȼ޷ʮһĽµգҲߵϼǰ㣬ߺɰ
⻹ࣿѵɣܵͣ͵ԼѾһ㣬ⶼΪһһôĽӴ
ȷʵ࣬ΪֻǴһͨװȴǲôһĿɣԿȥĲûкܺõֳ
ϣһ·ӦþˣʮһԭҪ˵һЩʲôϷˣһǰߵС椿Զ˵ֻ÷ˣȴûɿץϸĴ֣
ĵһԵʯԣʮһıԻǺ³ʲôʱ򣬱˴ʧˣ
ʮһſڴƻƣû˵ʲôֻǺݺݵصһʮһȻʮһˣ
ʱ䲻ķĸˣһЩ֮ʮһ֮ǰһǺлˣ
ʦһǻϿȷˣֻҪҵˣ˼ҾһԽһͻƷɵļ𣬳Ϊһˣ˴ʮһ߹ʱлһɫ̬ϸд˰ķУ
ǺǣǱģεϢҾ̽ʮȷģҲȷʵҵ˵ѨҪ֪ǰһҲһֱѰͻƵ֮һǵģͷлĵĻҲΪĵ⣬˵ǹЦɼжô˷ܼˣ
һЩϼһѹţлüˣҴﵽ֮󣬻ȥ֮󣬵һңȻг¼ҺңٰϹˣԳͷ·Ѿ־ڱصһ㣬ЦľʮһԽԽԶ
ֻȴûвǣȴǲ佻һأ
ˣǰԽԽԶĸˣʮһ̾˿˵ղ·ʱϿһ˿ҿԵĸӦԷĻѾҪĸоˣ
飬ǵڼϣʱҼһǣסүүģλҵļ
ʮһû뵽лĺͶǾȻҼͽܣʵ֮ģ
Ҳȥɣʮһ˵䣬ϸһĵǰȥʮһҲǲǰǰ㣬ȭӣĶ֪䣬˵жǶԶԷһֱ㺣
ǰںһ·ǰ˴Լʱ֮ǰͣΪǵǰһ·ڣ࣡
˻
ʱʮһȴⱻһ£ʱʹǵһֻȻˣҲȥ˭Լղûסԣأ


965 
ٸ룬һ⣡ʮһľ棬ҲǶԼľ棡
һ룡ʮһһ䣬ȴЩԼһ£ôôأô󶯸λ
ʦ·ʱǵĻ
Ƿ·ɣܶԴһʱ֮ϣһ°ͣ΢˼һº֣ص˵
ţô֣֮ǰͷųħ̫ţĻʡ
лİɣǸңʲôĻҲʹ԰ȫ뿪һĿ̫ţĻһŷ飡
ǺãҪעⰲȫͷӦʡ
ұߣߣһʱ֮ڻϣӦһ֮תǾұߵͨȥ
Ҳǽȥֻڽ붴Ѩ֮ǰȴǶ̫źлİĵһͷڴʲôּһ㣡
ʱ˷ֱͬͨʮһҲ˷ֲ··ڣ
ıߣͨһĵʮһڱĴ֣ʵ
ֱ򿪣ʮһҲֻķһۣ۾ظ֮ܵʮһ˫ۣӿߣҲ̫źлĽȥͨ
ʮһԸоõͨŵ˵ʲôڵĻҲһͨ
Ϊˣʮһһ£ȫӦðţǸϼһȻʵϲôȻˣӦ֪ıȷĲŶ԰
ιأô˵ʱԭΪʮһþû˵ֿʮһԲŻûףѯ
꣡ԼãȻĴ˫֮Ľ֮ɫʮһס֫˵һ䣬һ£ҹƹһҲͨڵ˻ģ
㶼ô椵ЩŮӶôƭ𣿡ܵʮһϢ֮ʵ
ô᣿Ըô˧գŮԼҵģ˵ĳϣͻʵԸߵС椣ʮһȴǺٺһЦɫһå˵һĻڻĴ
Ҫ𣿡ʮһĻƾֱһȭʮһϣʮһĺ˵ʱһץסʮһĸ첲˵һҪǼ·ĻҾץͿˣ
ҰʮһűĻţĵ˵һ䣬ΪˣΪѾҲͨԶĴ·ˣ
ʱһٵĽŲ£һֻʵӰʮһǰ˶ȥǸһȥĶǣ
ߵ·֮ﶼûпֻ߳ͨһۣһŤߣ̫źл߽ȥͨգۼαʧͨսǴ
꣬Уڶʧ֮ʮһҪ˵һָӣСϣ˵
ʮһĻԼʮһǽԼָӿһĨߣܺÿİһʮһ֮󣬵ͷ˵
ȻڶǸոʧûãҲͨ߳һˣǶǵʦҵļ飡
ֻٳ֮ȴǲûֱ߽ߵͨĴһȦǵУһ˿âһʮһվλã˫ֱȭмӵ˵Ϸ飬֪λڴˣһ
Ļʮһ˲ûκεĶǴӶķ߳һˣ
㣿
ֵ֮һ£쾪ֵĿˣŵ˵
ֻ飬ʮһŵǲɵһ˫۾ֵĿһˣֿһԵʮһһָָܷܷʮһһһ͵ļƣ
Ǻǣû뵽ǵңҵĺܰ˲źۼƳһʮһվλã˫ֱȭ鵭˵
û뵽Ҳ֪Ϊʲô鿴˵ˣɫ˵ͬʱ˫֮иǴŨŨĽ䱸֮ɫ
ǺǣΪΣұΪΣ˶ʻԼ䱸֮ɫȫ޶ԣֻǵЦһ£
һɺãȰǰ۵ļһˣҸΣ鿴ˣԥ˺þ֮˵ʵȻ͸ȴǵη˳´ɽһֻ첲ģ


966 Ķ
Ҳʮһı壬ʵͱʮһ˵ѾûʲôˣǰҲʮһڻصڵʱٻģ
ȻǺˣʮһǺЦһ£ǺһͥŲһ㣬ߵͨȥ
ô£Ӱʧʱѯʵ
֪ʮһһĹĵģЦʵ
˵ˣʮһĻͷһŤʮһ־ȥ
ʵҲûʲôҪ͵ģֻҪ֪һҾͿˣʮһǰ߾ǿģǣԼǰеӰҡͷ΢ЦŽ͵
㲻ظҽͣʮһĽͺлǺģȴȻˣһ˵
벻͵İҺһĳС˱ʱ򣬻᲻֪˭ãʮһЦĺһ˻ǽ˻У˵ʵֻҪץҾͿˣΪһʮһͻ϶Ϊһˣ
ʮһԼûע⵽Դٴλصڣ˶Ƿ˱仯ֱ仯Ϊ޹أһľϵı仯
ԭΪıȥȻټνɷǣԼ׽ˣǳָָȥ̫ڽӽԣ
һʱֲ׼Ʒľ磬ľѾǰδеı仯
ȥֹԼ뷨ԽǿԽޣôһԵˣ
ʮһûע⵽ǣһĽʱ򣬵֮ѾƿΪȻٴλ
˭Ҫ㣿ʮһĻԼʮһȫѵĶµһߺһֻ͸˵һ㣬Ȼ˵ĺǿӲСȴֻһʮһƺѾûһ㣡
ǺǣʮһȻҲǲ̬вȻһǿԺУ˭ɽŮԼ֮ǰǿǻϲ˵İأȴǰıԼ˻Уɾ͸УֱǱﰡ
˻
ʮһˬʱһɾʹϮʹĵһԭݺݵšһ⣬һšһʮȣ
ʮһҴģԼ⣬ѾˣҲһ˺ܸߺܴˣ
һֻʮһҲֻʣˣֻǿεЦһ£ֻǷڶԷСϵĴ֣ȴҲûջأ
̼䣬ѾǿԿǰл㱵ӰˣߵһЩֻӰݺύĽ֯һڱ˴˼򶷣
飬ƥ򣬾ȻͬôһС͵Ϯ㻹Ҫ𣿡Ǹ̫ţһ߲ϵͷųħӦĹһߴŶԷԵúܻ
㵱ΪϷ֪ͼ֮ЩΪһֱ˼żǣ綼ɱЬˣڲŭȴԵøӵķŭϵĹҲǸӵĺˣ
ȥƥ򣬹Ȼؿζ仰ʮһɵõпһ䣬ȴһֵ
֣þòϴһսҳ˿һʦֵ֣ܶ㻹Ӯ𣿡лһ߷ʮһз콣Ĺһ˵
ǣɱϣʮһȴһ·л˵Ļֻһƨһ㣡
˭Ѿ˺ܾˣʮһһ񵲿лĵĽ֮ɫصĿŶʵ
ʮһĻ˶һ㶣սелĺͲԼ飬Ȼǰ֪ѾȥϢȫͣеĶͬһʱ佫Ŀ⿴˹
Сӣϴһˣα뿪ǸĵطˣģҲô׾ģʮһĻ󣬶ȴǷһЦֻǰһƣһɾǿż˶
⧲֮£ʮһ˽ǲֻӦԣһصɰʯ֮ٴοȥʱﻹаֶǵӰӣ·ֱƾʧһ㣡
ǵƾʧԼǰʮһ˵Ǿ仰ʹȫǾסˣ֮еʮһҲǲ
Ϊ뿪֮ǰԼһۣ˵ԷǷԼĴڵģܲ𾪣
ǱһˣҪ𣿡鿴ɫɷ׵Ĳлģɫ˵
飬ҪǸɱǣԲŹģĻЩɫ˵ͬʱҲǲ˫۸ĴţƺѰŴ·ſԳɹһ㣡


967 
ôϻֱɱ˾ˣڲµʱʮһıȴֱӷ˹еķ콣ûκ׵ģǰлĿȥ
ʮһĽҲչ˹ȫˣһƷƷԵֿ˵ģ
գʱ䣬л˱Ǳʮһ˻࿴һۣû˵ʲôĻǰУ
ڶʧڹսǵʱڰеʮһȴһٻл죬ȥ˵Ļ˳ֱӽл֮У
ôôǼأʮһĶҲΪʮһʩҲǿԿõʮһĶˣǲӱĵ˵
ȥҶŪƷƷֵĻǵңжҪ٣С椵ļʮһİ˶Էһۣպû֮󣬱һǣס֬޳֣ǰʧķȥ
ǵģʵﵽƷƷĻǣʹı˼ģΣܴùּļ
ѾܿˣõɢˣǽǣԼСֵĴ֣Լǰ滺еӰ΢С˵
ŶʮһĻӦһֱ֮ɿ˴֣
һסˣԭĽŲҲǲͣû뵽ʮһԼĻ󣬾Ȼɿ֣ԭΪʮһƤֵģ
֪ΪΣһ˲ȻһʧУһֺʲô䰮ıȥһ㣡
߰ʲôأ˲䣬ʮһٴ𣬶ǸоһֻٴǣסԼ֣Լǰȥ
㲻ǣԼǣԼʮһԥһ£С˵
ʲô߰ɣٲߣҾͰ㿸ߣʮһȻ֪ҪʲôֱӴ˶ԷĻǰקһ£ʹһײĻУ
ܺģһȻС˺ƣֻȴûȥִʮһҲûȥʮһֻǽĿһʮһ
ɱң˶úܣ⽿ĵ̬ʮһһǻΪǣڵĺɶɵķٶȺƶӿ˺ܶ࣬æŤͷȥƽﲻЦɽŮӣ¶СŮ˷飬ʮһĶס
飡
˭ˣʮһĻ溬ߵһٷȭžȫʮһϣ
ֻȭ˵ȴҪ˺ܶ࣬Ҳĸ˶ԳܵסģвпֱӾͺ޾Ȫˣ
˻ǰУʱٴһֲ·ڴʱķֲ·ֻһӰʮһı壡
ŵȺʮһ壬һʮһ´ŶԷһ˵ҲûʲôͬΨһĲͬǣһͷһЩһͷɫģ
һڷֳȥģʲôͬʣԶʮһͬ˵
֮Уʮһغһ𣬶Ӱȫصһɿֲѹɢ˿
ʱĲԼҲӵӣӰȫںһ𣬶Ӱȫںһһ˲䣬һ۵İɫâͻȻ˳ʹɽںưһ㣡
ɫâǴ̼ʶı˫ۣȥֱӣ
ʱʮһȥһҫ۵С̫һ㣬ԶĿ
˫۵ʮһһɫľâһʮһҲ쳣ں϶Ϊһһ̣ܵһǰδеȻϻûеƷʦ֮ʮһţԼڵʵѾŰƷ֣
ңں϶Ϊһһ̣Ҳ֪ˣʱ仹ָŽһãôҲ˵ʱƷ֮ĸֻһˣǾǻķ£
ⶫĺܲ˵˵ҪͿеģʹٶĹӣǲžһõܶ£
ԣʮһҲеΣڵʵѾǺˣ˵ڵԴ۷״̬
û°ɣųĴ۾ʮһǷɵúǲѯʵ
ǰգһ˫۾ĿԼ̬ȵʮһͻȻֹһСɵıӣ˵̫ˣ
åʱ̬ȫһڰǰСŮﻹ֮ǰ˪˲ҿӣ


968 ƾʲô㣿
ʮһĵЦˣĽߵͨȥȥķ򣬶ţǵǸһ϶Ҳͨյ㣬ĿʲôȻԼˣҪȥһµģ
֮ǰʱʮһѡģѡһͨʮһѡһʲôûеұߵͨǰ·۷˻Ⱥ
ʮһ߱߸֪ǰϢΪ˲鷢֣һ·ͣͣǰ˴Լһʱʱ䣬һͣ
ǰǰʯڣʮһȫһ£ʮһϸĸ֪һϢȴʲôоˣͻȻʧһ㣡
ôһ·ʱȫǻһһ㣬Ҳ˵ԭĻϣֶһСŮ˵˸񣬲ͣĴǰԼʯڣȻعͷԩʮһ˵
ŲҶٺٺ٣ʮһԹ֮һ߻Цһߴ˫֣һһ㣬߹ȥ
Цѣôʲôοֻ˵ٺٺ٣û˵žžžзذףʮһеˣʵǲ𰡣һСԼͱôһ£ǲƶѪ
ٸˣ˼ٸðң㣡˫һ˿ߣ˪ĲмƳһʮһ°˻еذףüëһһֻĴ󹫼һ㣬Ӳ񷣡
֮ǰȰˣʮһʶļн˫ȣ߷ߵĿƵ˵ŶԷһĽ֮ɫʮһСԽԽ׺ˣһֽŮ̳ĸо
ͺһ֮ʮһֱʯǰһߵλã˫ֿٵĽһһӡ
ÿһӡʮһͻ˳ƽڽµĵϣʮ֮ʮһͻȻпٵ˵ȻͰ㶪ˣ
Ȼе㺦ߣҲ֪ʱǲ˼ʱ򣬿첽ʮһǰһֻץסʮһĸ첲һִֻʮһĲϣ˺һֻһ㣬ʮһ˴壬Ĺϱߣ
ǰĽѹȸУԼǾ˵ĵԣһǿԼƽ񣬾ȥ椴ʱ˵̬˫һӡžǴ˳ȥ
ʮһӡĴһɫĹâ˲Ϣ֮ǽȫУɫâֵĺͻȻ˽Уʹ߸ʲôΣ
ʮһӭԼϵ΢죬н߲ѵͬʱӸһ˲һȫޣһֻǳһ㣬ΪʮһΪ´ʱ˶Ҫڵˣ
ܼٱ仯Ŀռ䣬оʱһ㣬ƹȥһǰڸо˫ŽӴˣ
Ϊ˾εĻ˫Ÿһأоشĺغ̤ʵ˫ʮһ׼뿪
𶯣Ÿո׼ʮһһͺȣǸоһִֻԼϸϣĽԼҪ壬ֺݺݵİ˶ԷĻУ
ƽʱ϶ʲô̫ķӦǴʱ˿̣ԼѾȾˣԵʮһĻԼܵϸֻݶȣһ˲һֻС¹ﲻͣײţ
ԣ
ҪֿȴȫʧȥԵһ֮Сͨĵ˵һ䣬СԼˣѾǣڸոգ˵һ䣬ٸðʮһĻ
ʲôأҵǰ£Ʋʮһ㽿ߵСŮ̬ͰѳֲסٵĬһľ֮˵
æһöһãʱԶ齹ҷŭ
ʮһȺ仰ҲǷӦ˹ĵĺݺݵİʮһһۣ˵ɿң
üתĴԼɬʮһлȻ΢΢Цһ£Ȼ뿪ԼĻŶԷϸĴ֣ȴǲɿһ£Ǳĸˣ
ΪʲôҪ㣿Ŷսһ飬ʮһߵýǲΪ˵
ʱ飬˵Ǵ򶷣˵ȫֱ״̬ǵŹΪڶĹ£ͨķأԵúǼѣʲôνķˣ


969 Ŷ
ѰʮһΪķ֮ѵĶǵһʽͷ޷ŤٵĻش
ƾһĺУʮһֻǵĻ֣һļ٣һƵᣬȽ֮£ԵͻԳʱΣԼʮһְܹĿ
ȻͬʱҲԿóʮһĮֻʮһĮȴû˾ò֮飬ֳȫǾ֣ǵУĮǻȥߵƶ
ֻǲͬǣЩ˵ĮǶ˵ģ飬绯ǵļһ
Щ˵Įȴǲ˰ѵģʮһԱ˵ʱĮ㣬ӱ˵ݽ棬һŭ֮£ԼţҲΪ飬ܣ
ɱ֮ҲܲˣҺĿǰΨһİ취ʮһĻ󣬻ﲻʮһ뷨ŭ˵ֻҪԼ˵ʵʮһٲ룬ҲԼţֻҪʮһϳ֣ôһᰲȫ뿪пܽĽɫӾΪУ
Ǽỵ̄ʮһ龹ȻвԼǲƣˣһֱ˵ϣӿڴгһ̵ϣžһµȼ˴̵ȼݺݵһ֮³һƯȦ֮˵
ʮһ㲻һɱĹһڵģʮһͻȻľٶ֮鼸ǱףŭĴš
û취ϲвңʣʮһȴǺܲмƲƲ죬ѱҳ˵
СӣͲɱһ֮ڰСҲɱ𣿡ʮһĻЦţһĹǰ飬һ߿ʮһʵ
ʵҪɱַӾͿˣȴôãڵʲôɣʮһڶǵĻȴǱֵĺǲмУŶԷ˫һ˿ײľâ
֪˭ˣʮһĻ󣬶Ҳϣֻ˫ֿٵһͬĳ⧲֮£ֱĶͷϣ̼һŵڵһ㣬ˤ˳ȥݺݵײһԵʯϣдż鱻ʯ飬һ˵ϣ
˲ǰĶǣʮһԵʶ˫֮гذף֮ǰʮһѲǶǰĶǵļɵս⣡
ţǳֵģڶǵıʣʮһûеһʱش𣬶ȰһԵ˫ĶŶĶǣ˵Ŷ
û뵽ĿˣôôҲǳ֣ʮһĻŶЦһǳݣһ˫۾Ķʮһˣ
ţû뵽ǣŶĻʮһȴǵҡҡͷ˵

˵Ŷһֻ͵ʮһĲץһʮһĳ嶯
ʮһҲͲµ˶ԷΪһ㣬ڶԷץͬʱһָǴ˳ȥúô˶Էץצϣ
飡
һ촫ʮһŶ˾һѪ˳ʮһײ˺ʯϣʯڶڲŶҲˣ
˿ԷУȫǳ𾪺Ͳ˼֮ɫ
ʮһû뵽ŶʵȻǿˣȻǰ֪ԷǿһʣʱһμҲѾˣŶʵФɽ࣬۷ļһָ֮£˶Է
£ȻԷһͬܵ˲̶ͬȵƣֻһͣǾǶԷʵѾﵽ˴˵еʾ磡
ʮһľȣŶе𾪲Ǹǿҵģǵõǰ֮˲һͿɱСආԭΪһצӶὫԷƷȴ뵽ԼˣȻԷҲˣȴҪĽ
û뵽ֻΪ˲ЩϼһһЩʵȻᱻ˵ĳɳٶȻǾأŶ仰ȴʹʮһ͵һֻڳȥ˲䣬һɳ˺þõս⣬ĵȻ
̫ˣ˵䣬ʮһվ˫ֽӡɽͼ˲Ժ˫֮гս⣡
ŶͻȻƿҩһ㣬ۡʮһԼŶԷԽԽŨģԽԽǿʢս⣬Ŷǲһ£û뵽ԷȻֱԼһͼԼս
һӣŶΪֵϣҲǱʮһŭˣ˫ֽҽ˿ƣϣŶϵƣǶȻ緢


970 С
˵֮ǰŶϵƣ߰˼Ŀ磬ôʱ˿̣⿪ӡ֮ɢƣʮ쫷ˣһֿԱɽʯֻһˣ
ƷɼʣȻǿŶԷɢĴݿһƣʮһ˵
ߣʮһĻŶֵĺǲмһˣ߰ͷ­˲̧ø߸ߵģ·ʱ˿̣ؼֻʣһһ㣡
ţƣ򲻹㣬˵ʲô°ɣŶİȻʮһȴǰ˰֣˼˵ţ˰ɣϽ˵£绹æأ
ô㻹ɱҰɱҵģŶһҪһʮһֳʵӣͲͣգ۾װˣ󿴼Էţװε̾˿һ䣬һС࣬
ʮһٻһ£磬ױصȴ߹Ůӳ˵ǰС࣬ʮһΪƵĳ֣
Ҳʮһ޳ܣŶչ¶ȫʵһ˲䣬ѾףԼȻʵǣƷ۷壬ԼҲһսη壬ǶƷɼĸ֣˰ɣûԼЦ£ʮһ
Сĳ֣Ŷһ˲˵ͬΪ֮ĸ֣ԺĲͻȻֵذŮӣҪԼʵǿĸоӦѾʺˣ۷Ҳֻһ֮ңѣ
˭Ŷһ䱸ĿС࣬ʶһ˫ǰʱս׼˫۾ĴС࣡
ֻǶŶʻСȴûһ£ֱһʮһԣʮһ࣡
СַӦʮһ⣬ΪʱСûʶģһжԼָӵģԳ֮ŻֱˣԹԵվʮһߣһڼСŮһ㣬ɿɰţ
ᣬߵŮҵƾ㴦ãΣʮһһװȵ̬߰ؿŶԾɽ䱸ĿСŶһϵۣڴµĸһļƣ
ǿʮһ⸱߸ϣʩһ̬ŶȴǲһһѪ꣬ⲻȥһʺڵĸִôȫһȼĺ
Ҫ֪ŶȻҲǴﵽʼ𣬵ȴֻʳڶѣȥСȴڽ֣Ժŵ˵ַӵʱ䣬СͿɱСĶɱĻ·ĿܶûУ
ݣŶһ仰󣬱ת뿪ˣȻߵʱ򣬶öĹӺᣬǶСɢϢѹȣȴǸӵļɵ־磬ЩǲǿģϾٺãûܣҲͽ͵ģ
ʮһȻе⣬ȴǾú⣬ϾԲöֻǲֵĺãοʮһǺŶС֮Ĳൽжһ˴֮ʵಢǺܴСܵƣⲢҪģ
ΪԷһŶǸѵʱ͵ϮԼȻʱûʲôΣˣʮһûнСջɽͼڣһֱԼԣĻʲô⣬Ҳڹؼʱ̱
ʮһԹ񣬻˵СôԵ޹ʶԼôСԹֱǰŽɫâĹȥ
öɫĹӣԼһƻô±ߵ֦ȴǻûһָ֣ȥʱᱻ۶һ㣬ƺֻҪôһ΢ɫĹӶȴǾһֱĹϱߣɢ˵Ĺ
ʲôӣôһ֮أʮһԼһεСŮһ㣬ĺһߵʮһԣСѯʵ
ˣʮһʻŤͷЦʵϹ˻Цݣȳаֺˣһ˫ӣΪսɢ˹ʣ֪ǶŮж޷԰Σ
˭ˣʮһؿԼĵİһ۶Էװӣתͷȥʮһ
ҪʲôʱʮһһͷŮʹڵֱǰ㣬ְʯϣһеı˵ƣĿеҪڻһ㣡
ʲôֱ˵˼ҺԸŶԭʮһΪҪô߲ԣҪôһȹȴôҲû뵽С椾Ȼգգ۾С죬һ⣬ȴջ˲Ķ˵


971 ֻع
⻹㣬˵껰֮ȻĽ忿ʮһĻУһŤ£
һ˲䣬ʮһֻоѪӿ˺͹һ㣬ȵܣǸоǰǹǿҵļѹУʮһû뵽С椵ľȻôϣʶģһֻ־Ͱϸϣ
ǰŽޣȵľʮһʶľҪȥǾһ˲䣬ʮһĴ۾Уһ˿ȴζһ
֪ʮһæȥȴһϽžǴһɴĴԭһȭȥ⻹㣬ʮһǿСһȭͷıһɳԼ۾ϣ
˺δվȣһȾ˹ŵʮһ亹£СҪԼ
æ̽׼ݵץס޳ȣ˳һٴνԼУԽͨƷʦʵڴʱ¶˳δӦʱԴǰ̽ȥٵĺ촽ϸһ£
Ҫıɱ׷ĳͷΪԾߣŵȵһضɴ˫ۣʮһ˵˿ٵĺŰȫľ룡
㣡ʮһٺЦһ˵һ޳֮Ļ˵ͬʱͷһ촽
һһɱģھ֮ϸһĨߵ죬ʮһ˵ֻ⻰ֱ飬еŮ֮ĵ飡
ôأʮһĻȴǲɵһ£ȻЦŻص
ֹӽֻعǧ꿪ǧǧ죬Ϊɫתʮһʼش⣬˫ضǰѾְɫĹʵɫǳأ
ǰöӦʲôˣʮһĽ֮ѯʵ·֮ǰ˵һжһ㣡
һǧ꣡⣬ȴʮһشģǸʮһԵһֱδСֻ࣬ǻشһ仰󣬱ٴһˣ·֮ǰǾ仰˵һ㣡
ֻعҪʲôЧֻ𣿡СĽͺ˼Ŀʮһһ˿ζľâʵ
ֻذɣʹ÷֮ˣڷ֮󣬾εֻأ쳾Ϊ͵ĸÿһΪһֻأʮһ֮˼Ľ͵Ǽ˵
ഫںܾǰһϾϿϾ·Ϊ꣬нһɽԵɺ֮£ɽصĻأһصĶѨ֮УһöʵֻöʵŸոճֻͣɫģ
ڼȣҲ˲Ƿжˣժ·£˵ǸΪһǿߣڵϵĸڵʱ˵ܳң
ʮһĽǸһ䣬һ仰˵ģɮ붨һ㣬ȴĻ
Ҳ˵ǰŹӿһʮֻأȡõЧҪԵĹӣҪ𣿡ã̧СԴգһ˫۾ʰǳԾѯʵ
ֹϣֻعЧʱôģǰöɫֻعЧҲԵöʮϣҷˣӦûֱӴﵽƷʦ֮Ҫ£ֱӾȥҪأʮһĻ΢ЦſŶԷĽ͵
һð䣡ʮһĽ֮һļߴʮһȥã̬һ˿һ̬ȫĹʮһ
ӦҲ֪ˣڵ߲Ŀܻı䣬һԸ㣬ܴĿܿʹԪԪɲǷôͼģ
Ԫ񣬾壬ֻҪʱ䣬ͿһʱͲؾ߲ĺˣеĻ֮ʮһǳĿŶԷС˵
Ǳ㷢𣿡ʮһĻ˵һ䣬ȥʮһ۾ͷ˵ڼĵ伮пйֻع飬ȷʵ˵ǰ㣬ҷкܴĺôڸղһ̣ĺĶ㲻ע⣬ɱȡֻع
ңǻʶʱҶԥɱڻ˰ɣ


972 ֻµĸ
Ļش֮ʮһҲȷȷʵʵסˣһǼʹ˵ĻѾ˺ܶ࣬ȴҲûһ˵ôĶ࣬ǣû뵽С椾ȻջȻû˵ԭ򣬵ȴԿ϶ǣһԼйϵģ
㶢ʲôǱҸжĿ˰ɣɵʮһҲѵõĿһЦ֪ǵȵ˻ص֮󣬱Щǰ֪Ƣ˿ᾪȳʲôӣ
жƨû˵ΪңֻھȻһ˵ô໰᲻ȱҪҪ˹أ֪Ļʮһȴ΢΢һЦƦʮĿŶԷ˵
£ʮһƾҪȥ˹
ٶˣȥֻعɣһٳʲô⣡ʮһܺÿķһۣܷܷʮһĴϣ˿
ٺ٣ʮһЦһ£˵ͷתŰɫֻع˹ȥֻҲ˹
лڰг֮ʮһΧԼԵ֣Сʺڵľ֣Լڰﵽ˹ʼ𣬾ԼҲ֪ʲôʵĸ֣
ʱӾͻԶˣʱЧõģʮһһֻعԱߵʯϣһɻĿԼСĽ͵
ʱúܿ죬ʱܿͺָɳһ㣬ĵˣֻعɢ֮ҲԽԽŨ
ʮһҲһգգĶǰֻعͻȻʮһһץס˵ֻع
ֻعֵһ˲䣬ʮһǸоһضԣԼӿָоǿңҲͻȻ
룬־ڳ֮󣬻ʱŶһһʧԣʮһֱӾһڽֻع˽ȥ
󲻵Ӧ׼ݵཱུĴϣֻعص˹ȥһڣҪ֮һ
Ҳζţʮһǧ͸Լֻһ꣡
֪ǧ꣬Ҫȴ˵ǧĹʵӵеҪǿģ
ʲôҪ˵ȫĵȥ򣡡󲻵ӦоʮһĻȵŤͷʮһȥʱʮһȴѾĿ
Īӿһů뼤ͬʱģŮɣŨң޷԰εİ
Ҳһ̣г׵ڻˣ˵֮ǰʮһЩĶֿĻôԺҲֿˣ
ҲһǧԶֻع˵֮һˣֻʮ֮һУ¾㾡УҲƴҪģ
Ǯֶû˻׬һӵ켶пܿһʱģԿһʱôǮȻư֮ǻĹ
֮ʮһȴǺԥĶȸôĶ࣬˵Ҳ˻ռıˣΪ˵ȥ˶ƴعʮһռ˵ģ
ʮһʱȴǲ֪뷨ΪѾһ˸֮У򣬰ֻأϲŭ֣ϣһõ̤նȥ
ֻ֮Уһʮһһֻ֪ʲôľͶһֻϻȴҪϻߴֻܶ࣬ϻô
һڸɱ޾жȹһУʮһǲ֪ģʱҲǺ֪飡
ʮһ֪ǣֻ֮УԽȷӦԼǴֻ֮еˣֻ֮õĺôͻԽ
ڶȻˣֱʱʮһеһֻӥһʱʮһ˹ҲԼֻعֻ֮У
ȻѾ֪Լݣʮһûȥӹֻӥ壬ǽԼʶһ䣬һԹһ㣬ĬĬĹۿǰһУֱʱһζ
ʮֻأʮһһֱڰŸɫĶߵģϷɵģˮεģ˵ǣͳͳһ飡
ʮһΪһֱȥʱڵʮһʱʮһڼˣֻһΣԼȫһԹߣӤ׹أѧֵȥѧã
Ȣӣƽƽӹӹµµ߹һз޶ййҪȢջһһһ˫ˣհͷϵĻǣ
ǧ۰תһĻ߹һζι¼Уижʮʱ򣬻е˹һµߣΪ˾ԼϲŮˣֻһ˶ӪȴԾɽǸŮ˳


973 ֻص
Ȼижͻзŭڵڶʮһʱ򣬻е˹һ竵Ķ棬ֻ竻ûʲôҪǣǿռ˲ٵŮլʹ޹Ůʧͬʱ绨һ
ֻʮһȴΪڤڤ֮ƺһֻҪҪĵ룬ͻһصĻɫȫס
أʮһҲˣЩ޹صĹ£е˹ͬʱҲ˵
˵һңʵɣʮһڻ֣ʵһ˵ֻֻعֻ֮еʱһоͱһжѾǷ˵ģģ
תת֮䣬ʮֻؾȥˣ
ӵʮһֻؿʼʮһַ˱仯ÿһͻȻ֮УӤ׹һ̿ʼʮһǳ׵УÿһʱʮһǺĿԼһУ
ָоأÿһֻʼʮһһոպȹͶ̥תһ㣬ʲôǵãֻؾͷһ̣ʮһǻὫеһУȫ
ʮһֻصʱʮһһŮŲ̊ҵĴС㣬һ̨֣ܺ£ǿ֣Ϳ֪һһŮ
ʮһһļҾܲãճʱ򣬼иɽѪϴֻʣһˣΪȥܹͬһѣ
¿ʮһ̨ø̨Сȥˣ
һУ̨£̨Ҹ߸ϵĴС㣬̨ȴûΪС֮󣬲˱˵ķԣʮһһѧϰ飡
֪У˶Ա˴˻㺣˽Զ֪þһܶ๷Ѫǰ㣬ʮһͻȻ̨֪µĸ׾ɱȫҵѪ
׻˵ɱ֮𲻹죬ʮһȻ֪˭ɱŵĳˣвĵĻǣʱʱʮһһվƺҵᣡ
ǣɱ̨µĸףΪñ˷ܵʱ̨ȴзһʵ
˾ôһ⣬һڣþöӣֱ̨˫֮Ҳװز£ǺҪûˮµʱʮһҲǱ۾
Բ𣬵Ҳڣ˵ڣǱǺʶ㣬Ұ㣬һʮһ˫֮ʱ̨˵Ļ
߰ɣ˷߲ˣԭʮһΪ̨һԼǳԼȴҲû뵽ԷȻԼȥ
ǣʮһ׼ȥʱ򣬻Ǳˣȥһ̣ΪԼˣ̨£ʮһǳ˵һǷģԺȥ
󣬺ܶҪһĶ˷ֿȴǷָͰ첻֮£ֻýʮһ̨µֱֻۣȫ
ǣ̨µʬϴһ˫ǯŵֱۣý˿ľĹ֮У
̨ߵУȴǶһû˫֣Ҳû˫۵ʬֻ˵Ұ˺ҧţΪҰеͣ
֮ʮһ̨ˣֻȴ˭ҲԷڤڤ֮Уʮһȴ֮ǰµŵǰ㣬̨¿˵ǰٰĺãǸڻʱʮһǲã
ǣаٰ㲻ᣬֻ֮ȴҲֻܱȵĽܣ
̨ʮһȥһ˶ͬʮһһȥʱȴǱһøˣҸ̨£ֻҪ޵гɣԺһٴʮһģ
ǣϵõĴ£̨һ֪ĹɽʼյΪִţ̨ϸ̿࣬ÿֻ߰˸Сʱʱ֣
̨ȴǼʮĸСʱɽһӣ֪ɽΪɽɽ幬֮⣬һ֪
ν򲻸ˣʱҴҶ̨һδﵽʦ֮ЩһʦţһЩʱյģΪߵҲƷѣ
ڣǧ֮󣬵̨°ֻ̤ƷɼʱʮһĵʮֻҲˣ
ٴˣ̨µĴ£ʮһҲǿʼʱ·һգһ㣬ĵˣ̨Լ֮һΪǿиıֻع켣ʹöһȹֻأ
ȴ֪ʱǶٵˣ
һƽٸıһУⳡƽ˺ܶǿߣʱΪʦ֮ǿߵʮһҲѣ


974 ֻأ
ԸһΪ֮ʮһ̨֮ˮ˵Ļ˱Ҳûм̨µӰ
幬Ҳ֪
ڰʮֻصʱʮһٴʶһòŮӣһᣬܿɰҲܶŮ
ֻǲ֪ΪΣ͵׼̸ۼ޵ʱŮȴǺֹһ㣬ƾʧˣ
ʮһŮӡҲƱ˳һ㣬ʣޣΨһӡϲʺ磬Ϊʺ߲ɫģ
ֻ֮УʮһһΣһûʧ٣ǵʮһ棬óԼ࣬һ߲ɫ࣡
ҵһжΪĳɳҵʱʮһ˵ģֻǵʮһܾʱȴˮ˵һ仰
ҿ֧ԼԼʶĺ߹У֪ܰ㣬Ҳͬܰģܰܰ㣡Ϊ˸һУ
һһֻأʮһУʶУĵ
һʮһٴγˣǻĴһͨСɽ壬һ̣һ˫ůȴܴ׳Ĵ֣䱧˻УЦţ֮˻˷ܣĿ⣬ĺţƼкˣ
кˣǵһãܿɰЦһСʹһ㣬ÿʲôóԵˣ͵͵ĴӼԣ
кģȡˮС޲µĶˣʱŵ֮˴˵һ룬һ鵽ϣ
кϴѧ֮󣬶˱ͺټˣȵкҵʱΪڵĳй
һ̣ʮһΪԶϧ֪䣬˱һı֮Уˮˣʮһȥȴǲɢ
Զ磬ʵԱʱʮһˣǿ֮ˣɱˮԼţ
ģΪڼиŮֻˮȴҲŮܲɷֵĹϵ
ʮһʶ˺ܶˣܶʵǿĹֻӶһϹŮ֮һ
һǵһһֻصյ㣬ʮһ˴ֻ֮ѹʱ˫гѽˮŨŨĲͳ˼˺ƿɵһ㣬վһҲ
ֻ֮Լ̨ʶĳ֣·̨µİţ
ֻΪԼһǵһֻأ
ԼһУˮϹ꣬ȵȶѾˣôıأΪβӰϹѩǸСأôҲûмأ
Ϊʲôеж͸һδ֪͹أ
ôԼһģǼٵģǼٵģôԼʲô
ʮһ˼ʱȴǷ˷츲صı仯ȫһɫĹâţȥƱˢһɫһ㣬ɷҫۣ
ֻɫâҲǳ𾪣޷ǣɫâȻǴɢģԡһƬɫĹâ֮Уʮһһ޺һ㣬ׯ϶з࣬¶˲ֱӣ
ʮһϽɫâԽŨܾȻͻȻ˺ܶĻɫâʮһӿʱʮһ·һķһ㣬ܵУ
飡
һ죬ʮһ𣬶һ죬·Ǵĵһǹһ㣬֫ٺ֮УƱһ㣬žû꣡
֮Ǵ˵еƷʦֻ֮ôоҪֻ֮еƷǿܶأãлָʮһٴһã֮УģƳɵͯǰ㣡
֪˶ã·һǰȫĽɫâ֮еʱʮһ֪һֻֻ
ʲôʱģɢеʣʮһһڵı仯֮Ťͷĵ͵ԼɵЦһ£˵
ܾˣѾаˣʮһĻش֮Ļشһ䣬ǲȥֱʮһĿ⣬·ʲôҪ˵ȴֲ˵һ㣡
߲ʯûУʮһȻı仯ֻȴûеƣĿŶԷͷһ£ÿԿµԼһˮһӣ
ϣҽ𣿡ְʮһ֮ʵ
Ȼϣˣ˵һԼ֧䣬Ҫ߹еģ㲻뷴˰ɣʮһҲȥϵС֣͸ָ죬ЦĿ˵


975 δ
ҲˣʮһĻСд˾ȣһ˫Уǲ֮ɫСɵ͸ΪԾһԲΣ
ûֵأϽشҵ⣬ǲҪڣˣѾӻһˣʮһȻûֱӻش⣬֮ȴѾش˶Է⣡
ߣ߲ѾˣʮһĻش֮εİһʮһ߰ĺһ̧µСǳ˵
ŶԭղϷˣΪ㵽Ʒʦ֮ͿϷŪΪ𣿡ĻشԼǽεС֮ǣһĨòЦݣһӾȥ
ֹߺĵһʮһԥһ¶ʮһ˵ôģ
Ϊһô죿ʮһ΢Цŷʵ
ôҶ֧㣬νģȻ֪ʮһôǣȷʵ˵ǰ㣬ֻҪʮһ˵飬Եȥ֧֣ʮһĻش֮󣬲ŻĻش
İɣδŵ£޷ıģʮһվڻУһӣСսɽͼеͬʱҲǽڰŽսڣ
ʮһ֪ǣֻ֮ѹʱĳεɽУһɫۣվĵã˫·Կʱһ㣬߿һۣ촽ݼ䣬Ʈһ仰ľʱϵļˣ
ʮһһϳ˭صĳ֣صʧΣ֮ʱȲֻ֮మѷֵ̨£
ιôڣҲ̫˰ɣ
İɣйˣٶȾԿھ
ǵģʱʮһƴأڵֻعֻ
ʲôƻ䱦ɱȡѰ֮ģǶʮһ˵ûôһ仰
ʮһûȡֻع֮󣬻Ҫֻˣʮһ˵ǾûģֻΪھճ׵ķǾͷˣõõѾõˣ
ʮһ֮ҪֻߣΪҪֲɽͼڣĻԺŵرͻεĿˣ
οֻʮһţԲᳬõģضǻ⵽Ǵģ
һ£Ұֲˣ
Լаʱʮһ˷ܵĴЦһгɽͼֻ˽ȥ
ʵֻһĻǲôõģֻʮһ˵ֻĸһҪӸȡܶ
˸طСĵĽֻ£ȡһƿʥˮֻĸ
ʮһ֮һµѾˣһɫСԲû٣û壬ʲôûУֻһԲԲ壬Сһ࣡
ǵģµ黹ڣ˵ʱòǺܴ󣬵Ƕɽͼ˵ȴҲǽģңʮһԸоõôһڵ飬ʵӦҲƷˣ
ֲˣ
ʮһ뿪ɽͼһĹѯʡ
£
ȴ֪ʮһֻصЦһ£һģɵĻش
Ҵǲǣ
Ͻ
ʮһҪٲңҾҲˣ
ɽȥ·ϣͻȻϹһ㣬һǵɽϣֻʮһһʱ򣬻ǸϹ꣡
˺ˣҵδޣôԲأҲ֪ûֲɹԺлһȥ鿴
ʮһһֱûлش⣬ʵֻڵ飬ΪεһٴֻأԼһֻΪʲôȱˣȱٵıϹѩô£
˵еһжһһĻʮһȥᣬǣƫƫǳıϹѩ֮飬˶ͬģ
ΨȱŮһָ֣оͺƣʮһֻһΣμԼӳڵһУֻûıϹѩһУ
ֻʮһֻ֮ȴҲõһϢǾС椶Լĸ飬ʵеҲıˣϿ
˭δޣһûӦδأˣߣ
Ȼ˵ţǶʮһ§ϵ֣ȴû˿ĵֻֿµСϣȴǲ֪䣬˿˿ĺΣŮɬ


976 ӵ뿪
ʮһٿԭһЦŮͻȻúһСŮһ㣬лǺԺģ
ѽĴڸʲôÿ
ҶȻҾҪִˣ
ͣ
ɽһֱɽ棬ʮһֵ£˼ǹʮһϣȫҲʣˣ
Ϊô̶̵һ·ϣʮһĴּϿʼϮϰеϣ
Ҫǻǰ˵ˣֻһᱻɱ
ǣھǶݶֻ֮ʮһԣһӾǷ˸ı䣬֮֮ˣһСһ㣡
ȻˣҲֻʮһѣˣûκεĸıģ
һ·ص˳ϣڵʱʮһ̲סˣغó֮󣬾ǽŵӷȥ档
Ž߲ѣƺѾ֪Ҫʲôʮһݺݵģ˵ĺ촽ϸһ£
̫ˣһǻţҪǵĵһΣһůʵĵططʵĽģ
ʮһģĽ˻Уһֻ̲ס֣
Ϊʲôǰûз֣λδ޵ģôİأָУ̫ˣ
Сޣܲô죿ҪҪһأ
հָ̫ˣҪһɣ
Ҳû°ҿԽ㣡
ԶԣǲҪݣ๫ģԾ촽ݰסȻ󡭡
ſԼϵʮһζûôһ죬⻹ǿȱɽһ
һ˲䣬ʮһɾ͸ѾˣֻţȴǺܵƤϣ

ţżԼɣͻᵽˣȥһˣһǸǷѾƷӡˣ
ųӲǰУʮһ͵
˵㣬ȥﶼУ
ʮһĻû˿ĻɣпʮһļϣƺʮһļҪƤʵλƵģͬʱһƿƣͣСںš
ֻǣȴʱʱģͷߵĵһʮһΪʮһĴ־û뿪塣
ʮСʱʱ䣬ʮһж̹ˣû˵ˣҲѾʦ֮ˣҲһһϦˣ
һ·ϣֻȵ˲ƿƣľ½ˣΪʮһʱʱģͻᱧסҵ´һ£
һ·շתɻţСɽʱѾİˣ
ǵģʮһһδĵطǵӵǸطҲǳ¹Ĺڵλá
ʮһ֮ҪΪǷһŵһһ£ǷбҪӾȳģ
ʮһĴ£ٴ˵סũңʱôãũҵѾʶʮһˣοʱʮһͷǻ׵ģûʲô仯Ļǻᱻһϴүģ
ס֮󣬶˳һЩũ׼ĳʳȻˣݺݵĹһ̳׾ƣ˻ص֮󣬻أ
һĻʮһкǲˬôоУһ̳Ҫأ
ˣѵҪһ̳ƳԴ̫Сˣ
һԣʮһЦһʮһ˵
ȻˣôôϲأһڣҾͲԴף
ʱʮһֵһСӣһѱסԴƴĻﹰȥ
ѽ˹ֳҶ˰ɣ
ῴʮһڽأʮһԴģһŮķĶ̲סǺæʮһҪ
⻹࣡
´˰Сʱ֮ʮһЦ˵Ѿһߺˡ
ۿʱѾҹˣʮһһ·ĵ˺ԺһȻ
ֻǣʮһվԣȴ΢΢üͷΪȻоһ˿һϢˣǵģȻӲϢȴѲôĶˣֻеһ˿ѣ
˵ʲô
˵ѾˣѾ뿪һʱˣȻĻʣµϢܻôġ
ǣ˵ֻʮһԾİѵ˵һǿ󵽣ʵѾƷɵĸӣ


977 ͻȻֵ
ĻôôĿʲôأҪһ㣬˵ǵѣ
Ҫ֪ݼежϣʮһѾ²ӵʵڵѾٴﵽɼˣʵĸ֣ǳΪ˵ˣʮһĲ
ôˣҪҵѾ𣿡
ʮһüͷ˼ӣһ䡣
ţѾ뿪ˣԸⲻһϢȻĻһλȥпܻΣգԡ
ʮһĽţŤͷĿΪ˵ҪȥˣʹɽͼСȸ֣лҲŻʵĪĸ֡
ǣȴһʵСĹײϣ˵һţʵĴ磡
ңײصĴ磬ҪǸģǶʮһ˵һǳõϢ
ǣ¾ڣ˷ǵһˣͬһӪѣĻʮһǲˣ꣬ѾƷϵĵɸˣв˻ˣ
ʲôҾ벻Ų㣿
ʮһĻδ˵أǴĻһץסϹ͵ȵĺһ㣬һֻ־ʮһĶϣʮһ
ۿɲݵİⲻǻûгɹԵ𣿡
ʮһﲻ֪ʲô˼֪ǲѾ˵ʲôˣԣַʮһǲ뿪ʮһģ
ôģ˼ҵ壬£Щôĵ飬Ҳνǰɣ
ʮһĻŭˣšʮһ֣תʮȣʮһĶŤ
ܷŭȫʮһȻ˵ûгԵѾˣԵʲô
Ҫ֪ʶʮһ֮ǰУûκһԿԽӴģֶԣ
㣬šĻûˣҾ˵˵ģҪᣬһҪᣡ
Ŷϴ˺һʹʮһˣ˫ȣһЩϵʹ
ղ˵ĻѾ˺ˣҲģ
ʮһĻȻϵС˺ܶ࣬ȴȻӵģԭʮһ˭ʮһ˵Ļʹˡ
ʹ֪ʮһߣѾ˺ܶŮˣѡ˸ʮһȻ㣬ܲģ
𾴵δ޴ˣСĸˣԭҰɣء
Ļʮһͨһ˫һӱס˫ȣﻹһ󣬸ʱһƷʦˣ
ǵģʱǰʮһ׵׵ģһͨϱһСˡ
ߣôԵķϣСһξȷŹ㣬ص󣬺úõĸҴȣ
ʮһ̬֮ǰɿšʮһ֣ǰСƵģʮһԴ
ʮһ˶ûвǣھֻ֮ڱ˴˵УѾòһˡ
ʮһΪ˵һҲΨһһףԸΪܶ࣬ԼܶҲܲŹ۵Ϊ
ʮһ˵Ҳ÷ǳǳҪһԵıУѾ֮гΪҪһ
Ȼֻ̨֮֮ĸ飬һЩǣʮһҲ֪ΪΣʱ򣬾ǻһַദĸо
ڵõĴ֮£ʮһվһϸϣ˺һСһ㣬۵ŷȥ
ֻǣûע⵽ǣ߽֮˼ҵķȴǴˣһ΢һЩűӰ˳ζĿʮһ˵ķһۣһ˾Ѿʧԭأ
Ӱʧʱʮһ͵Ĵ˷ţ̽ͷȥ¿һۣ˼ֹϷţ˻
ôˣǲʲô֣
ʮһɵԺʮһһ첲ʮһֱϣСѯʵ
ţҸղƺһϤϢλѾ˰
ʮһͷµСһֻĸŶԷС˵
ʮһû˵ǣϤϢҲʶģһϤΪʮһղųֵǸˣүү죡
߲ģһֱŻϼһȻϿźֱһδܵʱǻϴǵİºԷϹ޳һ˺þã


978 
˺δޣҲϼһǰʮһǾŵģңոյһ˲䣬ʮһҲǲˣ췢ɱġ
ȻɱֱӶģǣɱȴǶʮһ֪׼ˣҪʹطɱȥﵽԼĳֲɸ˵Ŀģ
ֻʮһûаЩҲûҪ֪˼ȻſʮһĻʮһֱ˯ˣ
һĻʮһ˶ˣȻ˯ˣֱһ۰һѾܾˣûп˯
ңҲ˵ǴҪ˯ģ
ԣڷ˯֮ʮһһˣôȵıĵŶԷһ磡
һ˯ʮСʱʱ򣬶Ѿǵڶˣ򵥵ʰһ֮󣬶˱Ǹ˼Ҹ뿪ˣ
˯ĺ㰡ҺѾкöû˯ˣỹ˯ôˣ
һ·˻ϻеķɻһСһ㣬ʮһĻĶʮһ˵
ţҪҪϢһ᣿ȵ֮ڽ㣡
ʮһĻ󣬷ǳֹСӣ˵
ԤУص֮ͻ㣬һҼߣϾҵĳֻ֣Ϊҵֵģ
ʮһĻ̧СԴһ˫Ĵ۾ǵĿʮһȫǰǱģһж̬
ΪĶڼ飬ˣоЩﲻֻأ̨µʵԼ̨ºԼʮһĹϵѾһǳȷ˽ˣ
ʮһĻҲ֪ĵʲǫ̂£ʮһҲ֪һʲôᣡ
֮ǾԲ̨´ģ˵пֱĨɱˣ
ʵʮһĺܼ򵥣ǾйӴģҪߣǰǶԷҪͬ⣡
֣ѾֻһŮһһżǧŮʮһǾԲֵģ
ĺˣڣκ˺ģʹҲԣοѾκ˿ˣ˵һᱻһ˿ƵĻϣǸңΪҪεĿһӣ
һ̣ʮһǱŲһ£ڶԷĶͷһ£֪߳ܵ˵
ÿһŮӣÿ񣬲Ը㣬ϲ˶˵ģȻˣһҪŮϲģȻĻͻˣåˣ
ҲǺܶ˾ٵ⣬ǾǵŻŮѣǻʱʱľһ䣬㻹ң
ߣͻ˯һᣡ
ʮһĻȻİʮһһۣǺܹɵſʮһϣһֻСèһ㣬˯ˣ
߳ʱѾǰˣʮһҲûмŻзˮЭᣬǴһҷ꣬˴سþûгԹڵĲˣ˳ԵĶǺܿģ
ʮһ˺þõĽֱ֣ʮһѾ˴ӣ˺һƶĻܵʱ򣬲ǾͽһұݣȻ˽ȥ
֮󣬶˶֪ᷢʲôʮһ߲ѵƽ䣬ȥϴ裬Լǳûȥ˼绰
绰ݣҲһģһģ߶Էʱ䣬ϵй֮飬Ǻܼ򵥣зˮЭḽһõסˣ
ȥü绰֮滩ˮʮһҶϵ绰һʱȥϵ·Ȼٵ棬ϴһٽߵļУ
Сʱ֮ʮһ˴ϣĽǰ˫֮¶͵ζ
ʮһģһӾûмķ羰֪䣬ǿЩˣ
̫ˣϵ̫ƫˣȻôô˶أ
ʱʮһǻȥϧЩĻôһˣ
㲻ǿö𣿡
ʮһĻټϿʮһʱһģĲѵİʮһһۣһƮƮСģԼҪˣ
ǣʮһȴǲˣһĺ
ҵĺҾǿһӶ


979 ͷ
ʮһһ󣬱˵ϣǹ⻬ļʮһһ˫̲סе㣡

һ˲䣬ڽ𣬴ⰻȻ
ʹһ㣡
ûµģȥ֮Ͳʹˣģң
һ㣬һ㣡
һСʱ֮˶Ѿ̱ʮһĻµСϣҲѾĶߺ죬һֻСֲͣʮһϻȦȦ
ղŵ̬̫ˣû뵽Ȼҵ̫ҳԾˣ
ʮһŸղŵһУ˷ܲѵĶ˵
ߣȡЦңȻҾͲˣ
ʹղڷ񣬵ǹƽ֮ʮһĻ֮󣬻̲סߵģɵðСԴʮһĲ
ֻǣ뵽ղԼķٶСҲ̲סͨͨͣһûһôľٶ
ʵһкöƶһںúõаɣ
ʮһ˵䣬ٴһѹ¡

ֻüһһ뾫˶һչս
һʱ䣬ʮһ˱ҪĳȥԷżĹ·֮⣬ʱ䣬ȫһֱڷģ
˵Ůõʦ仰ĺе;⼸֮ǰҪÿ˺ܶ࣬˵òƺûʲôԵı仯
ǣȴоʶ˱仯͸һ˿ĳŮζ
ң׼뿪ݣȥˮЭʱȵط֣־ȻˣҪ֪ǰĳ룬ѾD˰
˳ȥ»֮ķ֣ĳDEˣ
Ϲɣò˶ãٴһͺţ
·֮ʮһԺ˵ʮľҫ
㣬㻹Цأ
߳ȥ֮ʮһĸ첲һ£ȻĿʮһֱϣܶƵзˮЭȥ
һģǳ͵ĵɫţп㣬Щɵë£һϥǵװɫ£
һס۾ļСϣ˿ȥˣڽϣǻͷɱеŮǣǹڵĻǹģ
ž´γĳһ㣬ҪȻǱ·˶ſǻԴ׵ģҪ֪ϹҳԴԺǻɱ˵ģ
ʣʲôģҪϹֱɱǰɣȻǱӵȥҵһɽȥʵһҲҲǣ
ãھɱȥǵĹݾƺȣ
ͣҿ㣬Ҫʮ֮ڣֵȫɱˣϣҿԸһŶ
ĻʮһǲһûסȥСʵ̫ջˣ֪Լֻ˵˵ģȻô
ҽȥôͷ㣿
ʮһݺݵĵһۣĿһֻ֣͵͵һСƨƨ
зˮЭſڲԶʱѾۼ˺ܶĳˣһǼֵǧĺֻǾôһѺʱȴһѷͭһ㣬ͣзˮЭĴſڣ
ʮһ֮ѡΪЭһӣһӵİٵĵѧ磬ͷѾˣ
ǰŲʢʱصĳ棬ʵǺƽһ¡
ǣڽֵû䣬һҲѾûжʱȴԵЩĪ
ʦ֣ʦѾ׼λˣ
ʮһŸո߽ЭĴţӭеʦȻһˣ
ͷˣ
ʮһòԵĻһڻĴ£һ¥һСľ¥ڸ¥ڣÿԿüǰĿյڣһС
ǵģٻصеĵһ죬ʮһѾһϵˣȻʮһôһǲͬģǣʮһ˶Ѿˣôأ
ܲܽʮһٶȥɣ
ԣһӾͽһӸʮһ㰲һ¥ȿԿһУֲᱻ
ûʮһ¥±ߵǲȥ鿴վһĽǶȵĻǲܲ鿴¥ϵ˵ģ
ʮһ˴֮󣬻ȥˣϾ±߻кܶ飬ҪȥΪģ˺ܶˣȫȥʹѧССһµ֣


980 սʼ
֪䣬ʱѾٽˣʱ·ĿյϣҲѾʮˣʮˣһʵƷϵĸ֣
ңʮһʮУ˺ܶϤӰ˵´ɽ˵죬Ҳ˵Ϲ޳ӣ죡
ЩҲаüϵԼһӵˡ
ȻˣһϷģ˼Ҳſģ
һӰչ˺ܶĿʣ޷Ǿǻӭҵĵˣһкش£һƬʱȺվһˣ
˵վֳҲȥΪ˵վܶ˶һֱڵȴţ˻վ˶Ѿ֪˼Ȼˣһ鷢
˵֣ڳ˶İΪг´ɽǳ¼ҵļʵﵽƷʦ֮
һӣϻҲ˵ˣϽѽУһӴʦɣѲЭỹ׼һ緹ɣ
´ɽһֻ첲Ŀһӣ֮֮⡣
Ȼ´ɽֻһֻ첲ǣڳ´ɽţֳˣȴûм˸СϾƷʦ֮أ
һʦֶһֻ첲Ϸʲôʸʦ֣
ڳ´ɽĽ˲˵ʲôȴһҲңϾѾ³Թο´ɽ˵ĵϣԤʾʲôڳÿһ
һӣٳѿ֮Ϸһʱ⣬ʮһʱҶһ
һӵĻ󣬳´ɽŭˣν˲˲Ҷ̣ʮһһֱֻۣǳ´ɽĳ裡
ңڳ´ɽʮİգʮһĻһɱʮһΪʱʽƷǣȴѾ̤ʦ֮ˣ
㣬㲻ȥҪȥɱ
¥ϣ´ɽĻǲģϻȻƲϹǶʮһ˵
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ʮһ᲻֪뷨ŶԷļ򣬰ο䡣
Ϊӡ֤ʮһ˵Ļһ㣬ʮһĻŸո£¾߳һˣһͷƺɫͷбǰĲ񻰵ǲм
ֻϹأСүֵҲʲôèһģ
ǰʣŰʵ³֣ͻȻһȺӿֳֻЩȴûʲôϵڶ壬Сӣ֮ǰΪλĹϵûܹ
ߣһӣǵžôӴ˵Ϸٺ˵ôһСϷ˵𣿡
Ƴһ۰֮һӱٴν߿һӣΪƷʦʵͲֵһᣡ
ҪӮС̸ǼҪϼһҲװģˣҪʦ֣óǵʵɣ
´ɽĻһӱʾܲм۶ûһ¶ԷǽĿ⿴˳´ɽߣһֱΣļӣ
һӺ͵յͨ᲻֪ѷǱأ
ǺǣȻˣ¼ҲͲ˼ˣ˼ҶѾˣ
һӻ£ǺЦų´ɽԸ
ڼ컰£´ɽδʱ򣬰Ѿֳذ׳ֱӴ˳´ɽһֲ
⻹㣬ڰ֮󣬳´ɽոշӦ׼ݺݵһʵʱ򣬴бǳһӰ
³ˣһֱӴĻʱҲһﵽƷʦľ磡
ԭƷʦҲǲǳ´ɽֵģǣڽʮغ֮󣬳´ɽ֣Ȼܣǣʱ֮ȴҲ޷°ʺͻ
ΪʺͻȻϰһֺϻ֮ǻʵ˰ʵºˣʮ֮ڣ´ɽذܣ
ڵĺֶܶһˣʲôԶ٣һۣ֮ûȥ̸ģһǲԸ£Ϊսʵأ
Ѿˣ´ɽù£еĽģץסһյ׼һ߽˵ʱ򣬱ȴʱˣ
ֻȺͻȻܳһӰһɫһڳ´ɽȥͬʱݺݵĻıģ
鼱֮£´ɽҲ˲ȥˣæһ㿪Ĺ˫ŻδվأһɱһӰѸգۼǴ˳´ɽΨһһֱϣ
飡
һ죬´ɽ岻ɵһ˳ȥףǿͣס壡
ʱĳУһĸˣһһˣ


981 ´ɽ
˭Ϸ²ɱ֮͵ϮϷ򣡡
´ɽȶסκ˫֮ǷŭĿ³ˣߵĴе
´ɽֳ˶ǽĿ⿴ˣʺͻΪҲʶ
ɣ
ɽ
˿е˶ڿǣ쳣ı֣ʹڳкܶƷΣФɽôţƵһǱʮһ
ңʮһָŻصʱ׼ϳæģȻ֪ʮһǣǸҿ϶ʮһʱһ￴ǣ
ɣû飡
ֳĺܶ˿֪ܲ˭ǣȴеʶģΪֶӰ
ⲻǼҵļǲ˼ѾǰļˣҸһµϴ󣡡
ĺ֮󣬼Եúǲм˵һϴʱĶԺԵɽͬҲˣ
ǵģʹʮһڵıʵ֮ͨǰʮһĸֱ֣ǿ϶ʮһպĳɾͣԲ
ֻǻ֪ǣʮһʱʵѾƷʦ֮ˣ
ΪҼҵȻϴǳ裬лҵҪúõĿϴ󣬳ʲôӣ
ڼһ֮ȻѾҪըˣΪ˴£
´ɽڱԷ͵Ϯ֮ŭĳ˳ȥһƱҪĸɱ
գۼ˾ǴһֻǲŸսֲӣ´ɽǱеذףһӻ˲ϣȻƷʦ¼ҵһ˵ǰ
ֻ֣һ̫ˣ֮УֱӸ˳´ɽİӣֻҪԷˣвĿأ
ߣһȺϣ
첻мһԶ֣˴ȥһƴֱӽĸȫ˳ȥ
һ˲䣬ѻȸ˭Ҳû뵽´ɽͬΪƷ֣ȻôĲ࣬ʵֳĺܶˣ
һӣգаüϵƥ򻹲𣿡
ķɼ֮˫ֱͷŲԶľӣ˵
żĻԼҲ֪ˮЭļ֣һٳһӣҲ
ֻǣĻ󣬺ܶ˵ȴǲһգ
ˣûһȱ۵ģÿһǾˣͨĻѾһһӪģ
ܶ˵ɵеˣΪǽֻǵףٶѣڵ֪ҪսʱҲǱſֵġ
ǣµҪһսпܻһѧϴƵս
϶ݵò񣡡
ʱһ𣬽žһ뷢԰׵ͷ˼ǰ
üƥ򣬾ƾҲӦ֪ڵ㲻Ҷֵģǽеɣû˿뿪ģ֪պһӣڸ󷨣Ҫǣûκΰ취ģ
쿴ųǰİüǲм˵֮ǶڰüԼպһӵıӣ
ǵģڼüʵͲģһȻʵǽȴΪʮǰһζԿԻʵʱˣʵҲֻеգһʵ൱ĸ֣˶֣
ң򲻹߿ǻƷɼĸأ
ο컹֪ǽ˵ģҼ컹طȳһʵǳǿпҲǴﵽƷɵĸ֣
üĴ򲻹𣿡
ڸ¥ϣһֱۿųһеСĶһԵʮһѯʵȻʵҲǴﵽƷʦ۽绹ûʮһôĹ㣡
򲻹ڵļǰǿ˺ܶ࣬Ҳȷʵ˵ǰ㣬һʦĲһսʤԷĿҲ󣡡
ʮһ˫·ˣ͵
ʮһ˵ͬʱ뼾ԶվİüҲһΣ֪򲻹죬Ҳûбİ취
ԣĻ󣬰üһҧһ̧ʮĵż죬ȵ
϶̫ˣΪĴ򲻹𣿿̫ò죬Ѿû˼ǵǰɣӾͺúõĽѵѵ㣡
üĻ󣬼ĴЦΪоǰδеĺЦһг˷ܣһʤȯգһжѾָƣصϲã


982 ʤ
ϷФɽҪһ¸µĹ򣡡
ڰüҪܲסҪȥͼƴһȭſЦʱһֿƾճ˵Աߡ
ųֵģһر׳Ĵ󺺣һЦݵĿż죬ͬʱ˫֮гս⣬һרѪս⣬ǹս·Ҫ˼һ㣡
ڳˣڴ˿̶оФɽĲѰҲˣһǿĸ֣
ФɽҲʶ㰡飬ԲģȰûǱ˻ˮ
Ϊһ֣ȻҲФɽĲͬ˫Фɽ˵
ǵģԲȥФɽսĲȥսΪѾǰͻȻֵˣʵԲӮˣһˣ϶޷ģ
ԣţФɽֻһ·ģôͺú˵һ£ܱⲻܾͲܣϾʵһο϶СѹҼǰ棬ǿʱİ
ģϷһǷȡ㹷ģ
ĻФɽǲͷĻһ䣬벻ͨôôīأϽ£
˵ˣФɽ֪ʮһڸأҪǲֵĺһĻһһֵıã֯ﲻʮһˣô죿
ԣФɽһ仰º󣬱ǲκηĻᣬһ˹ȥץżһȭӣ
ԭФɽʵҪȼ߳һ㣬ڼϴʱļȫ±ȵģԼһ˲䣬ǱФɽú޻֮ϾǿȷһӲ壬ֻ˵˵ģ
ΧˣٿФɽƾȭűǰѼ죬ȵֻܽڽڰˣţǲǹһᣬһ룬ͻᷴӦˢˢȥΪʤأ
ǣ꣬ʮȥˣսȻûб仯һӹȥˣФɽȻ磬ͣӶѾȥˣضһЩݳˣ
ֱʱ˲ǴоѣֻǽžС
Ƕ룬ͻȻֵФɽ˭Ϊʲôֻƾһ˫ȭţǿԽһƷʦ֮ĸ֣ѹ˵ز
˻еʱȴһ飬ݺݵ𾪵ǣС飡
ֻФɽ뼾콻սĲԶ˴һһʶҵļ죡
˵ʵҪȼ컹Ҫǿôһֻ֪Ǽ١
ǣǼ٣жԿ϶һ㣬ǾʵӦ뼾촦ڲ֮ģҲ̫ԣ
ǣǿģȴǱһӸȫѹŴ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱֵģ֪ôһģȴ֪ʵ֮ϣұ˴֮䣬źԵĲ࣡
һ˲䣬˶±ˣզ£ôͻȻôĺأⶼǴðİ
ЩģȴǲһЩѰζƺⳡս˱
һӣԭǸոҪܣҪȣȴ֪ŸǴбһӰ˾Ǵһ
ıʣʹֳ˶ˣһֱһԵģģǸоЩΣ
ֻ뵽ߵʵҲͷеĵǣһԵλƷʹһɫ
ţ֣ǳ˳ȥֱżȥΪʱ˿̣ǱΣյģ˵ʱп˻ƨҲûпܣ
ֻǣƷֲŸոճȥʱһڶ
·⣬ʱ̶ڸƵģֻҪиֳȥͱȻͻȻһţƵĸ֣ǵƵģ
ʼФɽ죬ٵ죬ȻֻҪȥԮһµƷ֣
ֻƷ֣ų嵽һ·̣ǱֻӭСӣˣݺݵˤ˵ϣ
ǵģֻСӶѣֻСӵʱ򣬳һЩ񣬼ʶϼһȴʶɫһ䣬æĴɫľ֣
·СӺֲܿƵģ
Ƿô𣿡
ĴͬʱһϵϸȺһԵЩɣ΢΢ϸˣȺ˳䣬ȴǱСӣ


983 ҽ
׾ţ߳ȺսȦԶֻɿݵĺƸƤһֱۣĶŲƷϵСӣֻ֣СӱǷ˻ȥ
һСӣɫͬȴʹúܶˣʶģҪԶ׾ţԽԶԽãúźأ
վ˵ۣɱĲѣ
Фɽ׾ŵĻȴǲıԹֻⱧԹΧ۵˶Уȴװƣ
꣬Ʒ֣Ȼ˵ôĻܸһ
ƷʦĻôЩܴƷˣʲôѵ
ֻǣһĻȴһΣݺݵײСϣкöˣʼڻɣԼǲˣ
ֻѾľ֧Ͼļ죬Ϊ㣬ϳһ©Фɽץסͷһȭȥ
飡
죬һƷʦֵ֮Դһ͸˵ĴϣôӣһõķƵġ
ԴԽѪˮȵȣǺһ㣬ŽĴǣ
һ֣ҵļ죬ôͻȻǰ
һĻ̫ͻȻˣںܶ˶ûзӦǿĸҪ־ˣûܹü
һ˲䣬ֳĺܰܰһڵϣ¶ĺ
˵벻ģҪüˣΪǺ˵ʵģȻĻҲͲҪǿֿһ¼ȡʱˣ
ңͻȻֵ⼸֣Фɽܿ϶ԼʶǲʶΨһеӡģҲֻ׾̫ˣ
ֻһμ׾ŵʱԼֻһƷСʦء
ңҲȷЩ־ԲһӻߵսģΪҲͶʶ׾Űˣ
Фɽ˵Ƿһ˵ɱģһһȭɱĸģôһʲôĴڰ
üľڵһӺ͵գҲеεģпٵţԵФɽȸ֣һǵ˭
ֻǣ˭ô룬ûһȥ²ˣܻʮһ
Ϊʮһ뿪ǵʱ򣬻ֻһƷĸֶѣôһˣԵǲƷֵĵزأ
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ǣ뵽ҲпܣһӾͻᱻһȭʱлһ˿˿ĵֿ
ҡҲ֪
ʮһĻССԥһ£˵
İɣʱģһţ˳ģԣҪ˶ãҲȥˣ
ʮһļǳǳһǹ⻬Ķͷ˵
˻£սе죬һ㱻Фɽɱʱ
ͻȻ䣬һǿȴְԵޱȵƣȻ˵м䣬ֱӽФɽĵ֮Զ
һ֮ʹΧ۵ˣľ۾
̳ɢȥٴζȥʱȴǷФɽһصĿǰǰѾ˵죬ȴǶһ˵
һŮˣһһɫ۵Ůӣȥʮӣݾ쳣ҲǷǳľ£ĻòԲֳκһŮӣ
ôһ˼Ůˣȴǻ֮䣬ɵĻƷ۷ֵһʵƣֳˣֳһСָ֣
Ʒɣ
һ˲䣬ӿ˼˵ԴУ⼸˾ͰФɽԼü׾ţΪƷĸ֣Ȼʵϱ˴˼ҲŲ࣬ȴҲܹܵŮϵƣ
Ʒɼĸָָ߸֣
˭
Ĭã׾Ϊ֮Īģվ˳༸ˣѯʵ
ҽӣ㲻֪
ǵģͻȻֵŮӣӣǸıܶܵӣǸʮһʵﵽƷʦʱȥӣ
㣿û뵽Ҳˣ
ʱȺ߳һµŮӣŮ근ʮò㣬ڲµӳ£Եøӵ峿ס


984 ߴط
ֻʱ˿̣ȴûһ˸ȥСŮӣΪŮӵһˣһθߴ󣬱һײİ󺺣
ʮһйһ֮ԵĹײϣ
µŮӣؾײϿ˵ϴˣֻû뵽һòŮӣ
¼ҾͲܳ𣿡
ڶŮӿۺ˫΢˵
һ̣ǸϵģҲ𺳲ѣû뵽ͻȻôˣ˵ǣƺĿǰ˵ѷǵУ
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˻ûӦӺ¼ôµʱһЦ˹žǿӰȻŮһࡣ
Ϊ׵һһɫ۵ߣȥЩɷǵӣˣһӺ͵ˣ
һվŵˣγĸ㡣
ֱһˣФɽˣ¼͹ײˣӺصˣ
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һߵƣԵľ¶˳ϾʱļȫǸ֣ȻԿóѲˣǱһָˣ
ΨһϲӺĵģҲֻ¼͹ײˣ
ƥ򣬲ĵĵĹܵѧʲô
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ȴǼĿ飬ζ˵
ĵĻ󣬾Ӻ¼ҲһЦĿ飬Ȼǵӡ϶ҲһĹϵģ
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ĳĻԼζЦݣֵĺϴǣȫȫһʿģһȥǹȥըҩƣ
ĻºһӺ͵ԼüȫǼᶨվһӻаǣҲȻȻվǵ
һ˲䣬Ϊ׵һˣǱֳһŨŨģĸо
ֻǣ֪ΪΣʮһܸоһִɹζǸ죡
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ڸ¥һֱۿʮһҲεҡҡͷе㳬ưӾȻĸƷ߾ֻһƷ
ߵʵȫԵ
ʮһʱȴĻͷ˹ȥһ˲䣬ܵһϤϢ
ӵעӣȫǸĿ⿴˹ȥ
ֻڲԶ˹ˣһһŮе˧ʣŮĽǡ
Ψһе㲻ЭǣӵͷЩףԵеϵĸо
˴Ŵ磬òʣ̸ֹԼŮӿӱеֱۣ˲ʱ¶Ǿٶ
ºܶ˶ڻɣĪǶȼٵС£Ȼߴطˣ
ֻֻǴ󲿷˵뷨ˣкܶѾǲ˵쳣ˣ
ȣѾʵѾƷʦ֮ˣһŮȻôǿʵʵʵ
ֻƷۻᣬƷԹ۵ĳ£Ʒʵһ㲻
Ҳе˻ʣӺ¼ͬòʵǱҪǿ
ʵȻָ֣ǿԲʵǰĶʮġ
ֻǣⲢǳԾģҲǿһֱſԵʣȻˣܶ˶ſԵʾΪΪ쳣ڳΪ˸ʻòǱ֮ǰҪϲֹһ㣡
ֻǣЩֵУֵǹעģʮһһֱ˵ЦĻͷӣ
˵ҲͬʮһʵΪʮһǵȫһͨˣûһ˿һ
˭ҲţһƷЦȻӣһһͨˣȫͲͨ
ǣ˵ʮһʵѾ̫࣬ʹǲǾ͸Ӳˣ
ʱֳѾвˣϳʮһˣϾʮһҲǸˣǷָ串Լң¿ϣ˳´ɽһֻ첲𺳵ģ
գ֮䣬ʮһѾ§С˵ǰ


985 ţ
ʦ
ʮһһǰ˫ֱȭ˵
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ʮһ֮һӵ̾ϢһֳѾˣſܻ᲻ڣѧҲпһΣ䳹׵Ĵϴƣ
ͽǻƵŵģȻˣ˳ʦ˼ҹգ
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ʮһƲǰ˵˭һǲϣϴĵλˣ
УҲͻŮ˵ٶȱҿˣһֱ˼ҴſˣҪȥ㣡
ʮһĻ󣬰Ȼ˵ţǣȴǺܸ˵ģϾֵܶҲʱûмˣ
ʮһЦһºİʵļһӿԷڣ޸Űʱɵƣ
þòҲ̫ˣ
ת֮ʮһǰ΢΢һЦ紺һ㣬ĴӾµգ
ôˣ˵ȥƳӡģǣΥãûȥòã
ʮһƶȸ״һۣӲɵһ£һҲ̫˰ɣΥǰô˵أ
ң仰ԭӦ˵İӺǲĿʮһԺȴŬģҪǰʵļһ뵱ǸСһ
⻰˵ĲˣҲûΥðͻƵƷʦʱڹ⣬ûڹڰǵһ֮ȥʱȴѾ뿪ˣ˵㲻ǰ̫Ӧˣҵô㣬ĶţһʵȻȥΣѣ
ȴ֪ӵĻʮһ˵һѻһһϵģͺһǹһ㣬ͣķӵ
ȥҹңô㣿
ʮһĻʹ˺þãǿŵʵ
Ϊһγһʮһ˵㻰õأ
ȻˣʮһûдﵽƷʦҲˣʮһѾﵽƷʦûȥĻôһݺݵĽѵһģ
˵ǸͷҺŸȥʱҲİҪǲϵĻ㿴ʲô
ӵɺʮһָһ죬óһ֦ȻȥֻһͨĲ֦ͨ
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ðɣʱԭˣⳡսʲôվ󣬱ƽ뿪
ȷʮһ˵ʵ֮󣬱Ը
ǵģڳ֮У㹻ʵ˵仰ΪֳһƷɸ֣˵һˣ˭ҲܾϤʵ¼
Ҫ֪ںܶǰǶûбӡʱ¼໥ʶģңĳЩ˵˻ǵˡ
ν˽ˣߵˣҲԼǸ㽻սĵˣ֣
ȿȣҷŵ磬濴أ
ʮһɿ£һЩΪǵĸоԣһ§ס˵
ţ쿴ӹң㿴Ҷᶨģ
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ͬҲˣȻ˵ʲôԷ꣬ڿЦ
˵˲˼ˣӸӵĲ˼飬ԼʲôʱˣǿǰʶԵϣžһ𣿸οʮһϰĹ֪˭洫ģ
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ʮһռǿҵģǰˤڵϵ˵ֻԵ쳣ģĽ˻
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ʱʮһѾײϴһʮһûʹκεҲûʹκεķײһ㣬ȭȭײ·ҪԷҳһһ㣡
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һӣڳˣҲûڸҳָʮһˣϾʮһ鱾ûʲôԴԣŮˣѵ˻
ʮһȥôأһѾ˳ӨӨǰ̧һֻţԥľҪȥ
һ£ŮܲܽҴã
仰ȫŵòг˭ôûһɱ˲գ۵ħ
ǣʮһ˵ĻȫЩԼĶ䣬Լǲˡ
ֻļĽʱҲֳˣ֪ʮһΪʲôͬˣ
Ϊ˵֮ˣˣǼҵļүͬһֱϲĽϵļ㣡
ȻүҪǾߣ
ʮһǼ֮󣬻˻֣һһ㣡
ڳӨӨɱĽϵŮˣĳޣʮһٶ٣ʮһ֮ͬ󣬾ȻŵĴЦҲ֪һذס
ҲôӨӨǰǶӣһͱȥ
ֻǣһûдκεҪλǴ˸첲ϣʱ䣬ӨӨɱһĽ
ǰôô׵ģóӨӨȥأһͱ˳ӨӨʮ൶ӨӨȻš
ʮһ˻ǰǰСԼŵòͣµӣһӣһ˶Էϡ
㡭
û뵽ʮһ˵ʹֱӱһȵģ˵ˡ
һŵļģ
ʮһÿһƣȵնܾȷֻὫ飬Ŵôһݰˣ
Ϊ㵱ŵĸ飬ģ
һűƭģ
ʮһû˵һ仰ʹһƣһ˵ʮ仰ʮɣҲ˻ʮơ
㣬Сƭôǵã
ʮһĻûȥѹԣֳĺܶ˶ˣ󣬱Сѯ
ѯʵʱ򣬺ܶҲ໥̽ôû˵¼ҵŮҴСʶء
ҵСѾͷ¼Ůʶ
һԵ飬Ҳ̲סתͷСĶһʵ
һţ
𰸣شģҲһӻشģ
鵹һ㣬ϾľˣҲͶһ㣬ȴǱʾ޷ˡ
֪ʮһߵŮ˺ܶ࣬ǣҪԼĽȥһˣ޷ܣǿ̬
˼ˣҺϹܾҪ뿪ˣԺҪԼˣ
ȻûлͷҲܹоʱĵܵܣӦкܶɻأϾǰ仯̫ࡣ


992 ƾʲô
ߣΪҵȻ飬ҽŻ
ʱ̲סˣȻ˵ĴȻǣȴֻ֪ɱԼҵһɰˣһڴ֮ͥ£ö֮Լֵɣ
ֻץĴ֣ȴǺûпһ㣬˵޶ԡ
ΪʮһѾһ˻Դϻˡ
ɱɣҸҵԵѾˣ
촽˵ôһ仰Сϣûһ˿һĲ·˵һ޹ؽҪһ㣡
ȻŷˣǾС
£컹仰ʲô˼ʱǴʮһĻ
飡
ţ컹ûзӦôµʱ˾Ѿ෽ˤ˳ȥˤڵϵʱвͣѪ
һƣˣڵҪѾǷǳˣǣʱ˿̣ҪվӭսΪʮһȻˣͲͣ¡
ʵҲȷʵ룬ʮһûͣµ˼һƴ֮󣬽žǺһ󲽣һԴץȥ
ǵģʮһ־ҪĺУ
첻ɱȺ˳´ɽͼ죬ڼϱӣˣҪˣ
ۿʮһץȥ齹˵һӰһʮһǰһƣʮһĹײһ
䣡
һ죬Ƶײʮһ˸Ǳһһµһ壬ҲǲĻһ£ȴûһ˿һ
첻ɱ
һƽʮһ֮˵
Ļ󣬻δʮһأФɽԼ׾ţ⼸Ʒ֣ȫʮһ
¼ŹײϺӣȴǲ֪ʱվһһֵӣ΢ЦſʮһˣȴŽҪ飡
ҪͼҴ򶷣ƷƷ֮Ĳ࣬ǿԳԽģֻ죬ǲǵˣ
쿴ʮһļƷֺ󣬵Ŀ˵˫ֱһһ㣬Ҫװƣжװƣ
ĻȻȷʵһʵǣʮһĸˣһ
ʮһЦһ£쿪˫֣ļ˸üëһмĿ顣
Ҫ죬ƾʲô
ʮһ仰֮ڽԻȻ˶֪ʮһʵҲ֪ʮһ
ǣҸһƷ˵Ǻݺݵһѣ
һСָ֣ǿԸоʵҪȹײǿģȻʮһ˹ײϣǣδؾܴù鰡
ͷʮһҪǷųǸˣܴϼһ
ײϿΪʮһ仰սʮһ飬Ե¼˵
СϵܺܶϾȻС֮⣬и֣дԵ˰
¼µĿʮһ
УȻΪһôĵģύһͨ𣿡
Ӱİһ¼

ƾʲôƾʦһӵĳѵ˵Ļ㲻Ӧ˵𣿡
ʮһĻ֮󣬲ȻŭĺӶˣָʮһĺţҪ֪ϼһ˵ر֮ģ
ǺǣǾһ£νĳмʵҲ뿴ʲôʸװβǣ
ĻʮһЦˣЦúܿţҲſ񣬽ʾȫ˵Զһ㣡
ߣһӣ̳ĺͽ𣿸Ͻһ£˵۸С
ʮһĻԵһ£ԭӡУʮһӦº˵һԵİ
ϾֻҪһ찡˵ˣʮһţŮ֮䲻ʲô޵İ
ֻǣȴ뵽ʮһôش
ô˵ʮһһӵͽܣһӴĳ˵Ӧĺأôͺ󱲵ͽܴأ
⻰ҪǴȥӰ
ԣڶݵŻͷŲԶһô˵ģϣһֱӽʮһСߣ
ǣȴû뵽ǣһĻ֮ȴһ㶼ӣ
ʵΪʮһȻҵͽܣڣʵѾϷˣԣҾʦͽϵңʽŵţڸ
һӵĻֳ֮˶Ǵһ±ȵ״̬飬Ҳʮһڣ


993 ɽͼ
һӵһ仰ʹ𾪴ﵽһµĸ߶ȡ
еŵݼ˵ţ
һӺһӣպͰüͬĶʮһңңһݣиȵ
ݼţ
λߴͷ˵֮ͻȻһһ˷ĺ
ݼţ
죬ڴ֮еˣѭͻȻֵİˣвͣš
˺֮һһε˵
Ƚ֮һգʽżӷʽ
һӵĻȻ˵ˣֳȻһƬ֮С
ֻǺܶ𾪣ΪһӽŽʮһΪһںܾǰѾϲĸ֮л߸֮УдԳˣ
𾪵ǣһһݼŵУһ֮⣬Ȼаüϵ͵յģ
ʮһͬҲΪһ㣬һֱڴ֮еģʲôʱŵģôһ㶼֪أһϢû˵
Ϲڵˣ᲻Ҫ˰ɣ
ʮһɵסˣ͵͵һʮһָʮһĶ˵
ͷС̬ʮһЦһ£ĹһСӣֻ˲ſ˵
ôòҪأŴôȽҪúõĽѵҹ
ߣ㲻ɣ
СԴһ̧Ŀʮһ
͵͵ĵЦ˼ʮһоԴ˺ܶ࣬һǰʮĻһȦ
ŵӿˣСүɱһɱͷ磬νҵٴδ򶥷壡
ʮһ󣬵ǣڳ˶У˵¶˸ֱ飬гԾģֻģȻˣҲп˷ܵģ
ֻʮһȴͲ˵飬ңңһӰһ£ô˵һ϶ʦ
ȻһֱһӸѼϼܵĿܣǣȻѾ˵ˣҲνˣʱˣ
ǰЩƷ֣ʮһҲЩΣΪںܶϤ̶ȣʮһҲҪ֮ǰܶࡣ
һӣʲô˼ѵСӸϷһܲɣͲϷʧɱ
ڴӾ֮зӦ飬عͷָһӣ
ʲôΪӵĿҵģ
Ļһޱ飬ҲûκεĶƤû̧һ£Ļش
һӵĻѾˣʮһȥܣңҲܲˣ
úúãˣϷѵһǵŵţ֪һ£ʲôˣ
һӵĻһ˵֣ԿʱЩģӰһվıֱ˫ĿƵĿʮһϵҲ˲䱬˳
Ʒɵĳʵ˲Ϣ֮䲪ȻǿĿˣȫǲɢ˿
ȥԱ߸ϹҼͣαͷһ٣
ֻǣǺ˵ƣʮһȴѹȥᣬǻعͷ㴽һ£֮䣬糿Ҫϰ֮ǰϰԵһ㣡
Բ֮ڣֻʮһ˵ʱж֪һսҪʼˡ
ϴ˵СһΣǻгС࣬Ǹҵӣ
һԵĹײϣȴСĶһԵ¼ѯʵ
С಻Ķ֣ʵҶϣҲûʲôʤ㣬˵ǸӣʮһӦǻٳģȻĻʵȫǴ򲻹ģ
ҿδأҪгǸӵĻʮһھѾٳˣԣӦǴԼԳ֣ңһҪ㣬ǧҪССӣʶʱֻһһƷСأ
¼Ĳʮһȴһ̲סѵ
󣬽ʮһһμʱ򵥵Ľһ顣
ʱʮһ᲻֪ʵǷֻǣ˭ʮһôẦ¶Էأ
˵СͻǿƣǱʵҲһ͵ڶԷ򲻹飡
˫ֿٵǰһָʮһҲ£ֱٳڵɽͼ
ɽͼһ֣ɢһһɣѹʹֳ˶֪һ֣ǧ꣬ѵһľ֮
ɽͼɽͼ
һ˲䣬飬һӵգÿһ˶쳣


994 Ԥ
֮ǰûУʮһеɽͼģһ̣Ǳݺݵľһ£Ϊ˿̵ɽͼɢѹȫͲǵɽͼеģ
һҪһȽϵĻ˵ǰɽͼһδѣɬʮŮȻҲȴǶٲôһ㣡
ڵɽͼȴǺһԸʮ㣬Ůζٸһ㣬ȫֱӣһһЦǳ˵ζ
ͺǰڵȽһ㣬ǰȻͬ߹󣬱䵭ĮǣڵȴЩϣֶ˼Ķˡ
Ȼˣӵһ֣Ҳֻʮһѣ
㵽˭źʱй
ҲǱɽͼݺݵľһ£һ˫۵ɵĴģ·Ҫʮһһ㣡
ֻǣʮһע˻ᱻĴΪʮһͲش
ֻʮһ˫ֿٵĽһӡеȵ
ɽƳˮ飬ɽˮ֮뷣
ʮһھй󣬶ʱɽͼУһɽһˮһֽд̬Ťһ͵˶顣
ʮһһУѾͨƷ֣ԴˣʹͬоһƵˣҲССıһ¡
ֻΪƷɵ飬ôںһأʮһǵʻ֣ŭˡ
һ˦һɰӭʮһɽˮ֮˹ȥ
飡
һ֮е촫һɱըĳȻ𣬴һصĳƽض𣬾һ׶ߵĻмʮӲ£
СӣѾҵˣһУɾûô׽ˣ
͵͵ĺһ䣬ͳ˼㣬ƺʮһԽһв˼㡣
УôСүװβǣ㻹䣡
ʮһĻ֮󣬱ʾŨŨĲмֿٵǰͬʱҲһɽͼڱ緢һǿ
ɽΣˮƣǬתɽӱ飡
ʮһһ֮˫ĳʱһصĻɫ˵ϿջۣƬ̺󣬾γһ޴Ļɫơ
ֻƲǺȻģҲָǣָȴֻһضѣƻûȫһ㣡
ֻǣȻˣֻƣȴһ㶼С
鿴ϷֵǰֻƣɫһЩأ΢΢̧Ϸõİֻƾ˹ȥ
ͬʱǺܵʲôһ㣬˫ĳƳȵһŰֻƴ˹ȥ
ߣϼһһưĳ
ʮһĶ󣬲мЦһһѹʱаֻƣܵǣһ㣬Ƶѹ£ݺݵ飡
䣡
䣡
һ촫ֻǰžģȴ˷ƣ̼Ǳʮһƣĵķ顣
ңõİֻɫƣں֮ȥƲѹȥ
һĻ˵дģˣΪжκ˶ʹһƷ۷ĸ֣ҲԵֵסģ
ԣԵһ֮˫ֿٵƱȭѹֻɫƣǴ˳ȥ
ȭ㹻ģʮһһиƲһ
Ϊȭ˰ٷ֮ʮƷɾôʵһո̤ƷɵˣҲᱻȭ˵ģ
οֻһˣһʵأ
䣡
һҵײ𣬽žǲһǿĳһԭӵһ㣬ʱ䣬̳ϵʯ壬Ѿȫ
׷ɣɰʯڳȫ˿ȥԭѾʮһˣаˡ
ǣ鼱֮£˳ȥ׵ķΧˡ
λõɰʯ죬˵ϣȫ¶𾪵顣
ȵɰʯɢȥҲӦò˰ɣ
üһԵһӺ͵ˣ˵
ǣºȴûеȵһӺ͵յĻش𣬲ɵתͷȥʵ
ιҸ˵أôش𰡣װǰɣ
üʻһӺ͵գͬʱתͷ˰üһۣĻش
֪ô棬Լȥһ°
üõ˵Ĵ𸴺ССһ£ǲˬĵһۣҪܳȥǣ


995 Сָɱ
˵ֻƷʦʵˣ¼ֵɼ֣ҪսȦҲôɰɣ
˵עУɰʯɢ˿
ȵɰʯڸǵʮһ飬¶ǰʱе˶סˣֻʮһԶվ˴֮ľ룬һ׶
һףǸʲôľ룿һĳˣһǿԿģ
ʮһȸ֣һ׵ľһǳΣյľ룬˭ҪԶԷֶ֣Ѷÿ
˶ͼվ˵ţֹ̬ϣҳղŵĶԺ䣬˭ռϷ磬˵һԵһƣ
ֻǣ˶ſ˰죬ûпκζΪʮһţһ̶ȵ˵ֹҲûκεı仯ղŴ򶷣ʹ÷Բһٶ׷Χȫ˷Ĳһ㣡
ʮһ˰лûóȫذ
һߵ¼ȴǿЩĶߣϾʵҪֳ˸߳ܶġ
ҿδأȻһʮһһǣɱˣһöеģңûʹȫʮһҲδؾóȫ
¼ķͿǲôͬģ֪ΪΣʮһǱкܴϣǾʮһ϶ĺУ
㲻ǰʮһˣǰҲû˭ôһμ㣬㲻ͣĿ佱ʮһأ
¼İһۣ˵һˣ˴֮䶼ŵĻ
ںڻüѾɱôˣϷֻҪһѣοϷҲΪ峤̫࣬ᵼ´ңԣҪʶȤĻߣ
鿴ǰʮһҲ𾪵ĺܣղŵĽ棬ȻϿռЩϷ硣
ǣֻԼһ˲䣬Ѿʹ˰ٷ֮ʮˣʤҲֻǱʮһ΢ôһ˰ˣ
ģ浱Сү򲻹ǲǣСүҪɱˣ˭ҲסˣȻҪʵʵһվţ˵һͷˣ
ʮһмһ˫Ŀ֮Ȼ˸ŭ𣬵ȴ侲쳣˫һƣǰһһӡ
ָɽСָɱ
ʮһһγɵӡ˿Уţ˾ǿڰһγһֻɫСָ
ⲻ֮ǰɱ¼Ҽ˵ʱõ𣿡
ǰʮһѵУҲҲɱ𣿡
ЦˣƷɰɱƷʽôЧأ
ǾǣҿʮһղŵĽɵˣ

һʱ֮䣬Χ۵۷׷ףȻ˵ʲôĶУǣǲʮһΪʮһģ
ֻļֲˣʮһһʽԲ֮ǰɱ¼Ҽʱʹõʽ
ΪɫСָϣɢѹʵ̫ˣǵĸ֪УҪȸոǲȱȫƣҪ
ȻҲǲˣɫСָѹϾֱӵĵˣ
ԭᣬв׵ʵҪϸһµģȻԼϷףԣҾȷһУһ£Ʒӵеķ
Ȼ˵󣬱˫ǰȻ£⣬˳ȥ
ǵģһѡȻ˵ĻǸʮһһλᣬʮһʶһµɼķ
ǣͼֻԼ֪ΪڼʮһδĻɫСָʱʶľǸһαҪ·𲻷Ļпܻڴһ㣡
ûвǣѡʱʮһ˫ȴһһĨء
ʮһû뵽ѡѵ˵ѾԼ뷨
ǲӦðָɽʽʼҲֻʹùһСָɱˣԼ֮⣬˸Ͳܼİ
ֻǣҲ˲ôˣȻԷѡ˷Ǿͺķһ£ʲôǿ
뵽ʮһҲԥӡǣ֮£еĻɫСֱָ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ɫСָȻʧŻɫСָʧָȴǿ֧ķצ˿˿Ѻֻۣգ֮Ǳڵ޲ˣ
ԣںܶΪߣûпһĻУʮһһιûκЧģ
˶ΪʮһһιΪֹʱʮһ˫ȴٴһӡ˳ȥ


996 ʳָ
ָɽɱ
ʮһһĺ֮ǰɫСָλãǳһ֧ɫָ󣬲˷Ӧʮһǣȥ
ʮһһУڳ˭û뵽һӺ͵գ¼ӣ飬ΪʮһһѾˣ뵽һֻɫָ
ҺõǣΪܵķӦڵһСָʹֳѺ۵ʱǸˣ
䣡
ڻɫָķʱһ촫žһǿʮһΪģܵ˿
һεĳûôķΧԼҲʮ׵Ӱɣֻȴʹʮ׵ķΧڣʲôûˣΨֻʣ˶ѣ
ʮһһָ֮˶Կ֧ķ磬ѿƵģĳơ
ָоѵķͺǣļǱƵġ
һ˲䣬е˶һʮһĹȻĹķ磬⡭ǲе̫˼ˣ
ߣôһƷɣɾ̫ʧˣ
ʮһмƳһ飬˫ֱٴδһӡӡóȫҺõǣĻظٶѾ켶ˣ
ָɽָ꣡
ʮһһεĺһɫָʮһǣ֮£ֱ˹ȥ
Сӣ㲻Ҫ̫񣬿ôҵ磿
Ҳͬ𾪣ֻ֮࣬ȴǷŭһΪֵķŭһ̣ʹеóѾöûù˵ǿһʽ磡
磿鶼Ѿȵֵز𣿡
Ļ֮󣬰ü̲סȵĸпɲпֹԵһӺ͵գҲͬͬĵ˵ͷ
ǼΪڻĹһֱ˼ʮϼһȻ֪ںܾǰôһģǾһȫתɷ
ڼ˸пʱʮһǱٴδĻɫָҲѾײγɵĽ磬Ҳ磡
飡
űըһһĳܼȥ
ˮһıը޼ɵķ֮䣬ӵ˰׿⣬ȥƲļĵȥ
ۣ
ȵ˷ӦҪܵʱȻˣʵõˣȻǱըһһѪ˳ڱըЯ£ݺݵˤ˳ȥ
ʧ꼰أ˵ľ˼ɣ
ըʮһ飬ʱ״̬ȴҲе⡣
ʮһ֮ĳ˲ˣ󻮳֮Զ廮ĵطĿɺѪ
״̬ҲʮһãҲ˵ʮһҪؼ֣
Ȼ鲢ûʮһǰ廮ȥףǣ˫ȴǺݺݵ˵֮УѾû˽ˣǸһ˿˿Ѫ
ֻǣһ̣ʮһ飬Ѿ˻飬һ˫ǵУӿһֽսĻ棬һڵһηעϣ
ȣ
Ķʮһȵ
ʮһ˫֮УҲ¶һ˿˿ȥµѪȻֱͦ壬ϵٴɢ
˫ֺʮٴοٵı仯
ָɽʳָ񣡡
ʮһ𣬶ʱ䣬ͷ֮ϣһ֧ʮ׳Ļɫʳָ˵С
ɫʳָϣɢ󲨶˵̲࣬סٵ˼£ΪָоǸоļ¡
ʲôʽôôңҸоһУҽӲ
ʮһһлɫʳָײЩдĶ¼С˵
û𣿲ǸʲôָɽʳָȻҲû˵ʽ
ײϵĻ֮󣬲мİ˶Էһۣ˵
ûĽһָ
ӵĻ󣬹ײҲûʲôĵģһֱ¼ߣ֪˵ȻӺ¼˵Ĺϵģԣѯʵ
¼ӵĹϵ˵򵥺ܼ򵥣˼ϾܣվһܹһҲᳬһ֮
˵Ҳӣֻ˴ȥ˺ԷҲôҲգԼ֮⣬κһ˸ҴԷĻᱻȺ֮


997 
ܣǴ˵еమɱɣ
һָһǿԽģ
ײϵӵ˵
ҲţôʵһָأײϱʾţӾʵҲ϶ˣ
ţʮһһָȻʵдﵽƷɼ𣬵ǣҺӶܽͷҲǿԽģֻǣǰָ֮۷״̬ǣԺɵĽ飬Ͳˣ
ײϲ˵Ļ¼˫ֱأ˵
¼Ľ֮󣬹ײƲһ죬ÿζֻҪ˵һôһһվֽѵ
˵ͬʱʮһǱѾǲٿŻɫʳָ飬ʱǲ磬ҲǶʱâʢ
֣һβûּҵײҲû֮еĺȻ죬еֻǺƾֹһĻ档
ֻǣʱ˿̣˶ĸоǻ沢ûоֹ
Ϊ˶ѾǲȥüһӣԼյƷʦ֣ǲܿƵģʮһײλôŷɫֱӸ˵Ĳɺˡ
ܱ壬ҲǿƷʦ޷ֺֿȵȥ
˵ʱ˿ȫûһ㶯ĻҲֻ¼ӣйײˡ
ǣ
һ󼦵ѵڳ˶Уţ˾ǿ磬Ȼһ˿һ˿ĿʼѺۡ
Ѻ۵ĳ֣ʮһĻɫʳָҲһһ㣬ıĥš
ͻȻ䣬ƽؿ𣬺ѹǡ
ܺХĿ磬ԼƮһƣסɫЭȫһƬڰ֮С
ž
ʱʮһĻɫʳָҲڳ׵ĻΪޣ֮һģ磬Ҳ类Ƶһ㣬׵˿
ۣ
һ̵ѪĿ˳ҲһѪ󣬲ҡ˼£һӵ˵ϣɫ԰ףɫήҲ
һս֪ˣĺܳף̧ͷŶʮһ˫֮г˲˼֮⣬еȴο
ʮһȻҲܵһ̶ȵƣǣڵǧ޸ٶȼ죬ȻʱԾһЩǣŹһͻȫõġ
ֻǣˣǻûס˿˿Ѫ
ʮһҪɱ㣡
˻ûзӦʱѾһ״蹷һʮһ˹
ǵģҪʮһˣһɱʮһȻĻҲʮһһŹģΨһԾˣҲ죬ҲѾ˲ˣ
죬
ĺʮһûие˿⣬һԼŮƵˣָʲô飿
οʮһڵʵʹһҪɱһ˺۵죬Ҳ練Ƶ飡
ֻǣδأѾһӰһ졣
飡
һˮ쳹˵Ķ֮УžǿĲϣ֪ʱһѪӣͣѪأ
ܶŵ壬ǱĽӲ󣬺ݺݵԵ˵ϣֱˡ
ߣҴϹ⣡
˵һ䣬ЦʮһԣĺһСһ㣬˫ֲʮһǣҪСˣжСˣ
ֻǣһĻ˵УȴǾþòӦΪڵȥ죬˿СһŮɱģ
ܶ˿ɶۿģеذףһ˲ǸĺģҪжᣡ
ǣת֮䣬ȻǱһοˣͻݵСӣʮһĻУ˵黰Ƶģ
ʵԼȫɱͷģ
ʮһοŻе֪ΪԼԼУɱ֮Ρ
Ҫ˺ϹˣοѾҵˣ
ôʮһʲô˼أԣСĻشһ䡣
ţˣȥСƿʥˮϼһȥ
ʮһ֣һСӣóһСƿʮʥˮ͹ȥ
ʥˮҰĸȥ֮󣬱ٴλصʮһԣСԴʮһһһԡ
ʮһߵһ֮Ӻ¼йײҲһͬʮһԣǵ󣬴ʱȴվŰգһӣФɽһȺƷʦ֡


998 Ϻ;
ǵģȻʮһʵϿֻƷʦǣʮһʵѾ˶и˿϶ˡ
Ͼһ߻ָƵ飬ɻǾء
ʮһߵվӼᣬȴе±ˣʲô˼
ѵǣڿЩô̬𣿲ǲվһ𣬾ͻᱻɱ߲ЭԺ˰ɣ
ڶݵ±֮˿ʼͷˣʮһǵ
˵һͷģôͺðˣʮӺ󣬻е˶Ѿվʮһǵ
һĻҪ˵˵˭һӺһڵŵӡ
һһֱ˵ΪΣǰһĻѾ˵Ŵӽ쿪ʼٴػػѧĶ壬Ҫǰһ
ŵӸˣΪǰ۸̫ˣӽ쿪ʼǶ֪Ҳ˸۸ˣңǶµţҲʮһ˫֮г˳֮飡
ʹһ֣ʼʱʮһģôһ̣ʮһһƷɼĸ֣һӺ͵ն򲻹ˣ˵ʱǵоѾϿʮһˡ
οŻôᣬպĳɾͼֱǲ
ڴ󲿷˶ѾվʮһʱڶȻôˣվһˣһߣһˣһ긾ˣ
ȻԷֻˣǣʱ˿վɢƣȴ˿ʮһһȺ
˭ΪһģʲôĿģ
ʱҲڷʥˮ֮ϵƻָ˺ܶ࣬վ֮ȻҲǲˣԺԵĸоɢƣǿʹ۷״̬ҲǶ֡
ңһ˲䣬һ⣬Ǿʮһղǽָܷӵ
õĴȴǣӦǶԽӵи͵һ¡
ʮһô˵ǻĹڲĸ֣ǰˣȻҲǶףȴû˵
ֻǣ黰֮󣬶ȴûᣬмΪ׵ġ
Ǹӣмһ֮󣬻ǰһ˫Ŀضʮһ
ҵĻطֲ֮˵㻹һֱңˣʲô˵𣿡
ӵĻʮһһѾ²⵽Է˭ˣǸӰ֯ϴ
ǰܾˣͷ𣿡
ʮһмЦһŶľĿԽߺ͸ˣԸоõ⸾˵ʵӦģǣߵʵƺе߰
Լ߼飬ĸƷɸֵģǵģ¼ŹײϣѾһˡ
֮ǰһΧŹĵʱ򣬾һģΪʱʮһѾǸоȺУɾǿϢ
Ʒɸ֣ĶԶĻһʤģϾ¼ӣʵ˿Աȵġ
ѵľˣ˫ߣʮһͳ˵
ǲǼʹĴϣˣ
ʮһĻҲ΢΢Цһ£ӵ¶һ˿ȿ޻ҪѿЦݡ
ѹȻüԣû뵽ȻǵϷӦ֪ĿǰʵĶ˰ɣ
ʮһѾϳԼϵЦһ£˫ָ󣬿ʮһ
ɵ߿ĸƷɵģǾֻקʲôק
ϵĻ󣬹ײϺǲŵָŶԷš
죬ߵĸƷܴù˾ѾˣȫƷڵĸ֣ǸϼһѾﵽƷ۷壬ǿԱȵģ
ҺȫʢʱڣͿɱ
¼ս򵥵ײϣͬļ˽͵
¼ӶˣȫһЩϧӣʮһͻȻһŶ˵
Ұ˻ָʵǴӦһΣ
Ӻ¼ʮһĻ󣬻࿴һۣ˼Цһ£ʮһ˵
ȰѶͷ˵ɣȻĻֻҪʾⳡսػĹضԷôǴɣ
̫ͷˣߣһȫڴϣ
ʮһ΢΢һЦǰ̽һӣСĶŮ˵ʹӺ¼λŮСȫǲĺ
ǶȻͷһЩǣûκһˣô˵أ


999 ָɽ
ʮһŲȥŮʲô뷨أ£תͷŲԶĴϣüë΢΢һȵ
һ°ɣӮˣһж˵㣬ǣҪЩ뿪ֻҪ⻪Ĺѧˣ
ӮˣôҪֻ뿪ģ̤룡
ʮһĻɫһʮһոյʽѾˣȻǿǣȴԽӵ
ԣŵľǣʮһǷбĺУңҶĻӮˣҲ϶ᱻģǾ͸ˡ
ãҴӦ㣬ֻ˴ҿΣֻ֮һҪ
ȫԶ㣬ͷӣݣôǸͷӴأǹ˥ģ
ʮһ˺ֹһ䣬ֻ仰䵽Уȴǲɵһ졣
ǰ̤һʮһ˫ӡƳɽͼһγԴ档
С࣬
ʮһ£һϮС࣬һŮһ㣬ԣ鵭ĮûκαĿŶĴϡ
С֮˶һ£¼ˣǿɶʶСģңСǰʱ򣬻Ǹ¼ġ
ߣһո̤мƷɣ
ɨһС࣬߰˵
ˣСֻǸһݵģԼһʵ
ʮһǣһĨĻȣ󣬴ǰ죬һĸӡ˳ȥ
ӡĴĸɫɵָȺŴ˹ȥ
һĻ˵Ƕһ֣Ǹո飬ȿٵʽΪĻǲҲɲм
ʮһŲȥܱôأһĸɱָȥ֮һһڵϢ˫־ٴƳһӡ
ĸָ֮󣬰ǳһָһĴָȻǻɫõġ
ָɽĴָ죡
Ȼ֪ĸָģԣȺĳȥ⣬ֻǣŸջ⣬ǿһΣյĴָһ㶣ôһָ
Ⱥһָģһ֮󣬲ָƺҪ֮ǰĸһ𣬺ҪֲһЩҲҵ˫ƿٵı䶯ӭĻɫĴָ˳ȥ
飡
ÿһƣоͻᴫһ֮һģһ͵ģŶģΪը
ʮƣʮһһıըˣŰţ¼Ʒֽ磬Χˣᱻˣ
˷
ϽԼĴָ죬ʮһЦһ£ֳʽָ״ڵﴦһ£ʱǧһһˮһĲ˿
ֻǣЩĲƣȴȫʮһڡ
ţĽ룬ʮһ˵ƣҲһ˲˷츲صı仯˸һֺΣյĸо
ָɽƲ񷣡
ţʮһȣӣʹúܶ˲˫ס˶䡣
ֻгһֻƣһֻɫɵƣֻɫ֮УһξȻŵĺɫ
ֵƣ֮ǰָȣӵ˺ܶ࣬һģԿе·
޴ƣĳ£·Ĵȥ
һĻܶ˵ָֻоһƣǺѹʱָɽ
ǣһ֣ƥеģһ˲䣬ɥʧ˵ֿ뷨бܵľҪȥӱܡ
ֻǣô󣬼Բ׶ĸǷΧҪôȥأ
ȻҲӱܵ뷨ǣڼʱջ˼Ϊ˲ȥֿȴǻ
οˣɫǧϻǶһЩϤģںܶܶǰҼһΡ
𣡡
ϴһȫ˰ٷ֮ٵ˫֮ϣȥͬʱֻŸڵϲһ¡
䣡
޴ƺȻ£ʯɳ˵ıըŰ˿ײ¼ֵĽϺʹҲǲһѪ
սȦ֮еľ͸ˣҲǱɫ죬˿˿ѪȻҲǱһıըһ̶ȵˡ
˷˶ȥֻµλãһ޴״ӣʮס


1000 
ϵӰʧˣ˭Ҳ֪Ƿ񻹻š
ʮһȴ˱˴ãˤڲԶĵϣϵ·ѾѪȾ죬˻ڲͣĿѪԣһ֮ʮһ˵Ҳᡣ
һĻ¼ˣѸٵʮһǰ¾˻û͵Ϯʮһ
Ϲû°ɣǧҪȻҾͲˣǾ˺üĶתתòײһء
ʮһڻУ¼ȴǴˣһ䱸ĿŶľˡ
ȿȣŲޣױ˾ͲÿˣҪȥСأôأ
ʮһһ󣬿˵鿴һڵǧİ£Ѿûʲôˣֻеѡ
ߣʣûױģǸҲˣСȥ
Сӣ̫żˣҲ밡ֻǣǸϼһﻹûأ
飡
ʮһĻŸ£֮оǴܳһӰǱҽ֮еĴϣϵ·ѾһһˣͷĺƸذƵģϺϣҲڲͣѪ
ңϵһ˫֮УĶǷŭ𾪣ŭǱʮһôң𾪵ǣʮһȻôǿʵ
ǹؼʱ̣óһķ£ѾˣֻǣȴҲǿķ
ʮһȷʵǿǿѾϷԤϣʵʣ²ʮ꣬ͻﵽƷɾ磬ʱؼ棬˰ƷǼϼһĶˣ
ֻǣΪһɳʱڻܴղǿʽ𣿡
˫Ŀ֮УҪһ㣬ϵ֮ɫȻ޷Ĩȥʮһδܻưѧ磬ƶʮһͳɤ˵
ŴϵĻ¼˶һۣҪȥɱϣֻǣȴ͸ˣ
˵ĲĿǰ״ȴǴ򲻳ղһƣΪӮ𣿡
һĻʮһЦٴν˻дЩͬĿŴϣֻ֮ͬУĿ˵ϣѾǸ׳հɣ
ߣŪ飬㻹ʲô취Ҳ㻹иĵƣ
ʮһĻ󣬴һݣ漴ŵĴţҲȥţʮһбȸղһиǿĵƣ
ʮһҡҡͷûиղһǿ֪ǣȴ֪ԸĿǰѾ˵Ĵϣ㹻ˣ
лڰ꣬⣬죡
ʮһһָлڣ˾ǿһһɫ·ӣʮһԡ
ȫɢһƣϣûһ˿һı飬ĿŶĴϡ
⣬
ٳ֮󣬱˵ӽضǰһƣɢʹļȫģо͵زһ¡
û뵽ͽȻѾȫл죬ǵţӦÿŵĽǰ˰ɣ
֣ԼƣСĶһӸпҪ˵Եŵ˽⣬վҪֳĺܶ˶˵ǳһ֮⣬Ϥʷˣ
Ϊտ˵Ǻһһ𳤴ģһϵѧãǵģǸҪȥѧأһѧ
ңܶ˲֪ǣ˵һ˵ţֻ˸ռ벻ãͷֿ˶ѡ
ʱУҲǺҪõѣȻǼ棬ԾҲǲͬǣⲢ־ͬϵĵѣһΪ˽ѧ罨еѧ磬ͬŬš
ŴֽԽǧ֮ãʮһǵлģֻǰлģ޲ǰϵģ
ʮһõл죬лȫȴֻҪʱ䣬ϣǵ֮ĵһˣ
յĻһҲشͬʱҲ൱˷ܵģû뵽ʮһţҽʮһľٶôȷ
ɽʼֻҪŶȹôպĳɾͣǻվѧ綥˵Ĵڡ
ֻǣµľ棬Ҫס˵Ľֻܿʮһ¼Ʒɵˡ
˵¼ƾе£ӰսֵģҲֻдϺʮһˡ


1001 ¥е̨
ǣʮһǴϣܵˣɶǲİԣھֻܿʮһٳСͻ⣬ܷù˵Ĵˣ
⣿û뵽ʱôãȻּˣ
֮󣬴ƺʶһ㣬ڶݵһ֮˫ĶŻ⣬ʵʵɱֱŻ˹ȥ
Ҳھôȥˣαִڴأ
һֱĻ⣬ϵĻͳĻشƺʶһ㡣
ִţߣǾѣȴһū͵ݳΪ˱˵Ĵ֣
ĻһŵĽ
ˣҲһū͵ݣΪ˵Ĵ֣ҴӳڣһֱǸԣ
⵭ң˵
ߣϷɱ㣬ҿɱһΣͿɱڶΣ
һһ̧һǿǴд˳ֱŻ˹ȥ
ŴĹһƾȫмһˣǰһȭǴ˳ȥȭ绢ƺˡ
䣡
һײλã˳󣬶˱ǽһȭش
ֻǣ˵ȭཻȴͨ˴򶷿ȵġ
ֻʹϵȭϣÿһζǴżۺ֮ÿһζײһǿ͵ĳʹñѾֱķ棬ӵĺˡ
һδ򶷹ӮЭᶼǲʹˣ
ǰʮЭᣬ֮󣬹Ƴļ֮󣬾ͻһƬˣ
ֻʹһƬ棬֮ҲעΪѧʥˣǸʮľ޴ӡ
ǰѾû찵أֲ˴˵ĻʹϣһļˣСš
Ҳһŵͬʱһ߿ųϥʮһ
۽ս˭Ӯˣʮһֶѧ磬Ӯ˵Ļôʮһͻⳡսʤƶߡ
ʱʮһȫĵ״̬ٶȣ״̬̬
ʼգʮһԣСĵĽ䱸ΧĶԷ˻ң֮ǰ͵Ϯʮһ
˶֪ǣʱʮһʼǼ¥һˣĬĬĿһС
һŮˣһһ۵ŮӣŮӿȥޣҲܸ߹
ʮһĻһᾪȵĽгΪŮʶ̨£ͻȻҰУֻ֮УҲǾŮӡ
״̬ʮһʱȴҲڷű仯
ʹùǧ֮ʮһ֣ڵַһЩ仯ңͬʱǧҲӿ
ʮһڵĻɫһһ˲䣬ڵȻٴη˱仯
ɫͺɫһ𣬻ʲôɫ
ܺܶ˶д𰸣ǣ˭Ҳ뵽ʮһȴǲκһֲ²⣬ͬɫ
ɫĽɫ˲ֱӵĽɫ
仯ʱ䣬ܾãҲ룬ֻҪյʱͿ޸õ״̬һΣȻѾ˺þãûн
ʮһ壬ڷű仯ʱǱߵĻϣҲѾòɿˣֻǣȴʹĳطȻڶʱ֮ڣսǻָȫʢ״̬
ȫʢ֮µĴϣ⵹ҲǴѷңֻǣʱţԺԵĿھζݵײ֮󣬶ܵһ̶ȵơ
˴һʱ¼ȴһԵӵʹһɫ󣬱ǴŹײ飬ĸһ˾͸ˡ
ǵģǵĿĺҪǾͿȥǱˣϾô˵ҲĸƷɣȫ֣ǴţƣҲٻƣӦɣ
ԣսʱ˾ҲǴһ𣬹ײϺˣ¼ȴǺһƴķ񹥻ž
Ů뷨ܼ򵥣ʵǿģһһҲûܣԣ˵ȫȡٶȣЧЧɱ
ʱһϹײϺ飬긾֮ĸһճ׼ʱ԰ʮһ˵ǱʮһٳĻ⣡
ֻǣ¼ӵ뷨ôܻῴأԣڿ¼ʱҲȥκεĽֻƴķء


1002 
ƷƴĹһƷȴķأѵһĳ棬ǳ˵ߵС
һߣӰأʲôĻϣֳˣȴǸȥ¼˵ս
ΪʲôΪʹǱߵսȫͿ¼սȴܹģ
ֳˣ˴ʱжôΣգ׷׶ȫĵڹ۲ţϾһ˵һӣܲлῴһΡ
ǣȴǿˣܲȥĦأԸߵģпڽ쿴ڶս֮󣬶һ;Ҳ˵
˵ֳˣüԼһӺ͵գһ۲գĶֳսϣлᣬͻǶƿ
ʵ⼸Ʒʦ˵ϣʮһղŴһƣΪոһƶ˵ǴĸдһЩ
ҷϣҲһһսһֱηηķأе߳ܣ
¼һ߷Ľţһ߼ù£ɵÿʼžϣöԷΪŭرɽ
ǣҲ̫ˣֱˣⲽҲǹ˵ģ㿴ʮһˣ
Ӽ¼˵֮󣬾ûһķӦɵüţ߿˵ĿľҪŭ
ܾʹܣòãӲ֪жأĻַӴǣ
ΪԴﵽƷɵĸ֣ῴӺ¼ڳҪ⼤ŭأԣȻȴҲԼĳ嶯ȥŮ
У㻹ǲҪһˣҪŮ˵ǺŶ
ӲмģҼŵĶž˵ֻǲô˵˵սҲûһ˿һɶһ߹ĸͣһҲķأһи
Ϊʱ˿̣¸¶һĿյͿ϶ᱻ¼ˣû֮أ
䣡
ʱʮһȴǷ˷츲صı仯һ֮ڵȻѾǱ˽ɫģ
ң²ҲĽɫ
ͨӣʮһ鿴ڵ״־ѪҺѾǱ˽ɫҫۣҫ۵Ŀѣԡ
ڵǣֵı仯ֻڣ⣬ƤȻһ֮ǰǰ㣬ȻĻһ˵עģ
ֻµҲɲ̫ʱȥ鿴ۣһһֱվС࣬һָ
һ¼ӣȥָ
ҲûʱȥԵͣһα۾˵עУרĵ
֮ԻΪʮһҪʱڵı仯úõĹһڵľ͵
Сڽӵʮһָ󣬱ֱӼ¼˵ս֮УСļ룬ʽ̼䷢˾޴ı仯
һ˲䣬ǷأѾһˣֻܱǿȥأʱʱıУĳһŮ˸һ£
飡
֮󣬾վûֵܹ¼ץסһϵĿյһȭؿϣ˺һڵһ㣬ݺݵˤ˳ȥˤ֮󣬲ͣشѪȻ˵òᣡ
ˣ¼Ӷ˶һۣǿٵĳ긾ǱߣСֻյʮһҪЭ¼ӹԣڶȥ긾˵ʱһٴѾ˵ľ׷˹ȥ

ҽ𣬾긾ˣǸɸɴģС¼С
ֻǣȻˣǣΪƷɼĸ֣ǻ˳ҺܿľǱֻʣ
ʣͬ൱еƷɣֻʸ֣¼һֲͬ⡣
Ϊʲô˵ĸأ
ΪСʱѾվʮһ󣬲ȥɹʵľˣ˵ûʶ֮ȻȫʮһķԸǣȴӦˣ
ǣҪʱЭ⣬ȥϵ¼ˣ⵽ֻʵķˣ
ҪҪȥһǼ
ιôǰ˵أϹҵҲŶ԰
Сվ󣬱һ仰˵һߵǴһ𣬲ɵöС˵ȴ뵽Сȫǲ
С಻еܲģǾĹĵĵС࣬ʱһ˿䷶ȫһС


1003 ҵ
һУʮһӦģϾھϹǶʱĥѾʱ򣬷ֳһ鿴ˣ
յʱʮһ˫ڵ״ѾȫĲ鿴ˣҲȷڵѪҺȫ˽ɫΪԭĻɫǧɢһķӦ
ңɫһУҲʹʮһĹǲ˱仯ֻ⹦ʲô֣ʮһȴȫ֪ⲻǸŰˣ
ڱըԼǿʯһӲ壬ʮһ¶һ˿Цݣһ£ƵЦݣһһоյЦݣ
ϹˣҲˣ
ʮһѹ֮ŲΧǷأһ˽ʮһĻƵŴ˵
ôˣϹ㻹ѵѲһ𣿡
ʮһȻ֪Ϊʲôô˵ģΪС಻ֻǣŻԾǲסŪ
ŲأСȻң
ûпʮһеЦ⣬ʮһĻָָܷܷһСࡣ
ʮһ򵥵ĺһ£͵͵쵽ǰؿһ£ǵһߣǺݺݵĵһۡ
ˣɣǹͬˣ
ʮһǷվʮһʱ䣬еĿȫǾ۽ϡ
ʱʮһȻʵϻƷʦ֮ǣֻʮһԼʱսҪ֮ǰ߳ܶܶ࣬嵽һʲôΣԼҲǺ
ͣ°ɣûˣ
ŴĻȵսʮһ˵ȻᣬǣֳȴУ·ʮһ˵仰ʱ򣬾ǵĶһ㣡
ֻǣȻ˶ˣǣսˣȴûһ˰˵ͣ
ΪˣһӺ¼ǵ뷨УʮһҲ϶ֻʱѹסưˣҪָս϶ǲܵģỹʵˣ
ôǲأ
ûĻʮһ̾Ϣһֻһֻ˳ȥһֻɫơ
˵ߣʮһֻɫĴƣһ·ǰУǾǿɫƣһӾץ˾긾ˣɵֻϡ
ֻʣǱʮһĽɫƣסˣƾôڣ޷ɫƵĽ
ҵɣ
ʮһһӣǽֻʼĹ֣׽лУĿǣԼֶĶֻɨֵ๤ͷͰƵģ
ʮһˮȴĶֳ˾һεĴסˣܹսˣֻʲ¼ӵˣһߴԾɺǻȵĻʹϡ
ˣȫǲһУ˹أ˺
˫۾УеֻŨŨ𾪣ʮһǵ𾪣ʲģಡģȻݿ˹ȥ
ֻ꣬ʸ֣Ȼôһƣȫץˣ
ⲻѧĵӰȫǲӦõİ
ǵ֪УʮһǺϴܾˡ
ǣҲζʮһͿԻ֮շֻʰ
㣬ôôˣ
֮󣬴ϲŲһ㣬ֻ۾ɵĴģĿʮһֱڣǰһĻԾ޷š
ûҪ֪ģֻҪ֪ڲҵĶ־ˣǴĻǸϽ뿪ɣȻĻһɱ㣡
ϵĻʮһҡҡͷûȥѡشԷ⣬Դ˵
ߣʵ֮ǰǿ˺ܶ࣬ΣѵϷǺ۸𣿡
ʮһĻ󣬴Եһ£˿ΪֵϸԲȻĻԻһӵӰģ
ǣڴһ󣬴ϱʮһϮ˹һȭʮһơ
ϵľٶ󣬻Ȼʮһ̧ƣ˳ȥ
ָɽƲ񷣡
ʮһһ䣬ٴδˣոմܴϵľС
ֻʱľ޴ƣǻɫ֮мźɫģǴɫģĽɫȥͺһ㣬ֻǣһֻƸһЩȥҲһЩ


1004 ̨µİԵ
⣬ھ޴Ľɫϣ쳣ĴۣƷʦ֣ɫâҫ£Ƕ޷ȥֱӣֻ΢΢˫ۣȥڵһ£
޴ĽɫƲû£˵ûȫֻһ룬Ҳи׵ӣͣ
Ϊڽɫµĵ棬Ѿһεȥڴϣһαߵı˵ϣݵӡһȥ
˻ʵеֲ
ü˲һɵ˵
ֹеֱֲ˺𣿽ֻһľʹһƷɼĸ֣ʵҲƷ۷˰ɣ
Фɽ̲ס԰üĻ˷
ûУŵʵƷʦֻɫһֲʲô仯
ФɽͰüۺһҲǼ˽Ϊ۵˵˳һ֮󣬵ҲǼ˽
ţһƷ֣Ȼʼ˹ʮһ֣̽ʱܶĳ棬ѾڣһѧֻƵġ
ʵҲˣΪ˶Կóʱĳ棬ǲʲôĻѾ˵Ƕˡ
⣬Ҫһʹʮһûа취ҪжⰡ
𣿡
һ۵ʱ򣬴ҲǴ֮˳ʮһǵʵ
ʮһĻֳٴΰȫǶĿ࣬ϲͣѪĴϣҪһ£֮ǰ쳣Ĵϻλش
иԣס
ϲκεĻشʮһЦһ£̧𣬱ǲٿſеľ޴ɫƣ׼ȥֱӽҳ
ͣͣͣҷҷ
ʮһľٶ֮󣬴ϼæʾ⣬һͣʮһͣ
ǵģһ̴ˣ׵׵ˣʲôƨϣʲôƨΪ˵ûҪ
˶ЦҲǲȥˣôû˻ʶȵ뿪֮뿪Ĺصȥ
ʱ˿ֳ̣ˣҲûȥЦ߿ϣΪǲΪǵĻ᲻йļ˵
ܶˣڶݵԥһ֮󣬵óĽۣȻȫǻͬһ㣬ĺҷ֡
ңǿܻУĵһʱʹĺҷ˫ֻ߸ߵľ
ȻԼǻʲôȨȥҪأ
ôⲻ˷ʱ𣿡
ϵĻش֮ʮһǲ䣬һӣ޴Ľɫֱӻɢˣ
ҿôôţƵһƣȻ֮˵ȡȡˣһû˯ѣ
찡һҰɣҶѾʮˣȻֻƷʵ˼ҶʮѾôˣ
һҪʦ
ԣҪţԺŵĵӣ
ܵģŮӹ֮ҾͽŮ͸ϱ

һʱ֮䣬ֳΧ۵۷׷ס
˵ˣһһƷʦһ¼ĸƷɸ֣Ҳǲɵ쳣
ʵʮһʵ̫Ǹе˼ˣҪ֪ܶȻԴǿ͵ʽǣҪջأǼֱǲܵ飬ǻʮһ˵׾٣
ǣոʮһһƣж˵Ҳȫף
Ȼ˶ΪһεսΪֹ˵ʱȴǷˡ
ֻУһɫĽâһʱֱж˴ϵ壬Ƕûа취ܳһˣ
ʱ䣬ֳ˶ŵõɴ˫ֵۣĴҪһ£ɱϵĸ֣
һĻʮһҲһ£˫ԶһӰһɫĵۣͷ߸ߵ𣬻߹
Ϊɱôһˣ
ʮһˣ˫֮һ˿أؿѾߵǰŮˣʵ
Ů˲Ǳˣһֱڸ¥йۿһе̨£
ȻǣôһֻϣôأΪģȫѹҸоѾ˳׵ı仯ˣ
ʮһĻ̨չһЦɽڻһ㣬ʹܵȫĳˡ
գ̨һεģòɷľŮ
ΪʮһϸһһЦ䣬᲻ɢ˵ζһʹκ˶Ϊ֮Եζ


1005 Ҫϴ
յ˵Ӧñ̨Ҫӵ˲Ŷԡ
ֻǣ̨µϣħһ㣬һ΢СΪ֮
ǰȷʵȫ˹ԣҲ֪Ŀģܶ˵ĿģֻҲϵκ˵ļƻУ
ǣʵƻ𣿡
̨ʮһһ䡣
ʵ㹻ˣ
̨µĻʮһ΢΢һЦǣһĨŵЦݣţϵͻȻ˿
һƣգۼɢЭԺ
û뵽ʵȻѾôǿˣղڷ˸Ӵı仯ˣ֮ȥң
ʮһɢƣ̨ھľ֮󣬶ʮһ΢΢Цһ£촽Ķʮһһ䣬׼ȥ
ǣ׼뿪ʱһ˫ӣȴͻȻһĿ
ڵ߲Ѿ˰
̨µĿʮһ˫΢΢һֱӽ˵ǰ
ţûκεĹϵˣòҪٴ⣬ȻĻжǿҶڵģ
ʮһĻ̨֮һ£û뵽ʮһôĳ֮Цתʮһ˵
̫ˣȥ㣬ҺͺһйϵģһһϲĹϵ
Ըˣסˣ´ʱýıϹѩСѾͷҴʮһŮ˲˭ģ
ʮһ̨£Ȼ֪֮ǰ˵Ļʲô˼ȴԾ˵
㻹ɵҵķѣԣһѾŮϵŶҶ£
ʮһĻ̨¾ȻߵЦһ£΢΢̽һͷӣһСͣյʮһĶߣЦȻĶʮһ˵
Ŷ˵ʮһȴһһ̣ûȥ̨µĻǼ٣
Ϊ̨֪˵ĻģһڰֻعѾ²ˣֻһ㲻ԸŰˣ
һ̨׿ڳϣҲǰӡ֤һֱһ룡
ȻʮһŮˣҾ͵ңһΣһڵıĳΪһŮˣ
Ӧ֮ʮһһ§ס̨µϸԻЦ˵
ߣ
ʮһô¶ǵĻ̨һƿʮһһ˾Ѿʧ˵ߵУ
Ҫģ˵òð
̨뿪֮ʮһǸоⱻһ£漴вĻ
ȻȻȻô˿أһӺòãһҸû˵ĵطô۸ҶУòðţ
ʮһʹģͶ˵
ߣ˵
ʮһĻСԴСӦС鵱Ҫ˾жˣ
õĿˡ֮ʮһüɫתСһԵȺȥ
̫˧ˣղͽܰҺó㰡
ʮһ֣Ÿո߹˹쳣Ķʮһ˵ǿƣֳ̫࣬¶Ҫʮһˡ
֣ƴ磬Ҳ뵱ͽܰǿһİҰ㰡
ģȴǱҪŵĻȻһӱסʮһĴȣصĿʼ
ȥô˿أһòã
ʮһﰡҪ˸סˣҪŲԣ֮£ֻһԵˡ
ԸŵļһֵˣϾߣǲȱ׷ߵģһƤҪ׷ģ
ԣڿʮһĿֻ۾һɣ󣬻ȻκεķӦѾһ˱һţ˱ˤȥԶ
һźзִ磬ֻǸոպý߳ȥԶ˵岢ûκεˡ
ǻҲҾϹߣ
ֱ뺷磬ʮһĵЦǿİһο϶ٸҲˣϾܵܣɶһ߳ȥ˵İڻ϶ǸӲˣ
㣬ҿ׵ܵܰýһʽɣء
Ҫӵ֮󣬾Ǳֳһ飬ֻǲô˵ȴǲǰˡ


1006 ȼ
ˣˣǻҪ̸һЩ飬̸֮ģ
ؼʱ̣ǰüϵ˳ֱӽϵһȥˡ
һӺͰüһСŽⳡ磬Ͼһ˿Իǲ׵ģο˶֪ӽ죬˵ڿʼעػ۷壬һҲһεվѧ۷塣
ԣʮһһָ뿪֮һεҪ֮ǰӵ֣кöˣܵ˾޴ĳ֮йĦȥˡ
ֻеܵ˵һȽӡУеܵ˽ɫĳ֮Уһ˲䣬ö˶óֻȸ豸
еˣȻ绰˻ѣǸԼ͸֮аӪկˣ
ʱʮһȴǴһڸ֣һӵľ֮С
һ𾪵ӣʮһָоЩ˺Ҫһ㡣
ȿȣλʲôֱ˵вУ˵СôңҺ߲˼ģ
ʮһεĿ˼£ЦЦ˵
ʲôʵˣ
ǲѾƷ˰
ӦаƷʦʵ˰ɣ
ʵҵרΪȣ㿴ҪҪոŵʲôģ
һʼʱҾİˣ㻹ȱȱůİ

һʱ֮䣬˵硣˵ʲôĶУ߰˸ˣһһģĭɡ
ʮһ͸оԼΧһȺĲӬ˵ĽиͣƵģԴƶҪըһ㡣
Ҳ֪˶ã˿ʮһȫûзӦĿһ仰˵ǰ㿴ҿ㣬һ죡
λ˵ˣҾ˵䣡
ʮһĺһ΢ЦŶ˵
ڴﵽʲôʵҲǺֻ֪ȻǴƷʦľ磬ңҲոλͽܣǲˣ
ΣŵλãҲΣһҵĺֵҽлܣȫҲὫǸһҵֵƹܵţ
ԼҪİˣȥһĵطȵĹе飬ҲٹˣλԳȫ
ʮһ˵ʱ򣬶ˣһӵķİȥ
ʮһĻԺľڵҲסˣȻʮһ˵ĻеӣǣôȥҲûʲôϵİ
ǣǳֻ̬ȵʱʮһȴһ˳ȥȵٻʱȴѾˣ߻һƺɫͷӡ
Ȼץ׳޳ܵĴû
ʴ᲻֪ʮһʲô˼أİʮһһۣ󣬾ʹֵʮһԡ
ȼС
ʮһѹ˰һۺСš
ʮһѯʣóл죬֮ͨйлĹȫתƵ˰ʵԺС
һѪһ߻Ǹһ㵱˵ģ
ʮһ˵䣬Ѿǽл˰ʵУһָĴǴԼϷɳһѪ
ֻʮһѪѪɫģǽɫġ
һ㣬ʮһǽνɫѪ˰ʵü֮УνɫѪĽ룬ϵҲһ˲ͱ˳Ȼգʱ䣬ƷʦƷʦ֮
νɫѪֻΪʵʵΪðʵϢӵĻлƿأҲͻӵĵӦ֣лҲŻӵ
ʱҲѾǿʼѪˣһԵ¼һӵˣȴѾЩˣͽŵλãλˣǲһ̫ˣ
ŰʵѪʱ䣬ʮһתͷ¼ӵһͷʾ˸һȥһ£ЩҪ̸һ¡
ǣȺ뿪˷䣬ʮһĴ£ٶԶɽ֮˹ȥ
ʮľ룬˵ֻǼʱѣվһɽϵʱ򣬾˴ľ뿪ֻǼѣ
ǽҪʲôߵɣһва
վ֮ʮһϴһ£ĵĿʮһʮһＷȥ
ǰʵиܻ֪أҺȻǧˣǣɻǴ֮ŶпܻΪǵĵһŶ


1007 ̸ʽ
ӻո£ʮһе±ȵʱ¼Ҳĵ˽ʮһĻĶʮһ˵Ϊصǣ¼ȻʮһĲһ¡
һ˲䣬ʮһסˣȫ֪ôˣô£ôţʵŮˣôôԼջԼأ
϶Ǹϵ֮С֮ɢ˳ŮԼϵˣϾǳô˧ôٷ磡
ǵģһ˲䣬ʮһһеƮƮȻˣ󰡣ΰ
뵽ʱʮһٺЦһ£˫ַŮϣ󻹺ǲʵģƶһ֣Ӻ¼ϡ
ȥⵯԣˬķ𰡣
ʮһոշôһпǸоɱϮϱֻСƸݺݵһƣ˾ˤ˳ȥλõĵϣ
ߣ޳ܣҪ
ֱȻҳĶ
ʮһӵεһ±۵ؿڣĿǰĹĵĵŮడ
ҵģһ¶ѣǾͲͬˣͬҲˣȻִˣûˣ
һòãҵĺòã
ʮһŮǰһĵ˵
ֻǸ㿪Цѣ㣿̫ˣֻǸСܵܶѣ
ʮһĻ¼İʮһһֻۣǾµСϣȴ̲סĸ˵ĺΣҪ֪ô˸һ£
¼Ļ֮Ҳǽȴַŭİʮһһۣ߬ŵСȭͷͿԿʱ˿жôķŭ
ǣߺСߴŭĴ۾УǿĲжôĺߣ
ǺðɣȻǲҵŮˣȻԼʧ˵°ɣ
ʮһֵطţʲôҪ΢εЦһº󣬱ٴλָ򶨵ɫͦñֱ
ͻȻ֣ʵ㻹ɰģֻϧ
¼ӼʮһȻôģôҪö֮ģװʲôûзһɵþЩš
̸ʽףƿʥˮ͢䱦ǸҽӦÿ԰ǻָʵ
ʮһŲȥᣬС椵ĵ٩أԹԵ˵ԼԭĴ㣬ͬʱǻ֮䣬óƿʥˮ
ʥˮ
ʮһϵʥˮ¼ŵһüͷʮһ˵
ȥһ¾֪ˣȵǵʵָ֮󣬼ǵȥңʱ̸ף
ʮһεЦһ£ʥˮȷʵ̫˰ôǿ߶е㲻ˣǣʮһȰʥˮˣתصľڡ
ʱľڣҲѾʽΪлˣڻ⣬ȻѾԼʶǣʮһ£Ҳ˰Ϊ˵ˣţʣҲ벻л죬οҲ򲻹ʮһ
ǣ죬ʮһһӣգԼФɽ飬ײϵˣһֱСľڣӰĵҹ˵䡣
һֱʮһԣĺСƣʱʱſʮһ˵ô黰Ȼˣ˵黰ʱ򣬶Ǳڷ۵ʱʱʮһͻпһԣһ˵Ļ
ҹʱ˻һ̸ֱһЩ޵ĸֻʱ򣬶ʮһ˵ĵ
ȻʮһʱҪٺܶ࣬ǣνΪȣڵĸʮһҪǶʤһģ
ʮһ֮⣬˵ľˣβһӺ͵գФɽ͹ײϣһֱ״̬
û취ײȻʵﵽƷɼ𣬵Ĳͬԣʱ䶼Դ˳ʵԼΪߴеõĳ
յ峿ոʱһ󼱴ٵ˼˵̸
ĲǱˣһӣ뷿䣬˿ˬһҲ֪ĺе㲻ʱ򣬿Ҳûа취淢һ£»ʮһйϵģ
һӶ˵ѹ˵ԭ֮һֻƽˮʮһ˫֮зŨŨɱһʵʵɱһֿˣĵе־ɱ
ֻʮһûеһʱʧǶһ仰ȥģ
֯һ֣һ¾ڰӰ֯Ͷʹ˰ɣǵϴȻˣǣܻ
ôһ仰ʮһǴ뿪ˣһӴ㶵ˡ


1008 
ô£ôǵʮһģ
һ֮鿴һӽʵ
ոһӽֻ֮СĶʮһ˵һ䣬ֻԼУʲôң
ѯʺһҲЩҲֻǸոյõϢѡ
ҵļһӣκһֱԷҽҪһʴ⣬ԼȥƵ̸⡣
ɥĲ񣬱°֧ԵԼ峤ӣȴҪھˮиҩȻһٰ췹
һô֪ģΪʱѾҩˣҼĶ裬Ѿ׼ȥƵ귿ˣһ֪ʮһĹϵ˱ʱ򣬱ֱͨʮһˣ
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